bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REFORMA FRANCISCO CAMPOS E MOVIMENTO REVOGA JÁ
Authors: Araujo Marta Barbosa Satiro de , Charret Heloize da Cunha 
Published: July 2024

A história do Ensino Médio no Brasil é um reflexo das mudanças socioeconômicas pelas quais o país passou desde a Proclamação da República até a atualidade. O objetivo deste artigo não é focar em tais fatos e sim analisar as políticas curriculares do Ensino Médio no Brasil a partir da Reforma Francisco Campos até a Reforma do Novo Ensino Médio efetivada na Lei 13.415/2017 (BRASIL, 2017). Para alcançar tal propósito será feita uma leitura das principais leis que marcaram esse nível de ensino com o intuito de debater sobre os embates políticos que situaram o contexto contemporâneo de grandes mudanças curriculares e seus reflexos na autonomia discente enquanto seu papel ativo neste processo de aprendizagem. Ainda neste estudo contemplam-se os efeitos que o movimento #Revoga já Novo Ensino Médio encaminhou e os resultados alcançados até o momento, a saber, abertura da consulta pública e a posterior divulgação dos seus resultados, indicando uma transparência maior em relação à momentos anteriores e um avanço no que diz respeito às políticas públicas educacionais.
Regional Higher Education Systems in the Mirror of Indicators
Authors: Sudakova A. E. , Sandler D. G. , Agarkov G. A. 
Published: July 2024

Universal attention to the higher education system transforms and complicates its processes. A variety of works around higher education try to study and solve a wide range of problems. Most of researchers pay attention primarily to the university as an independent unit, shifting the focus to the individualization and autonomy of universities. However, in the social sphere, leaving the university market or increasing the gap is a critical moment for interested parties, while the practice of combining several universities in order to increase their competitiveness, «saving» weak HEIs is a time-consuming and difficult process. Universities are units of the general system of higher education, which is characterized by endogenous and exogenous processes. The authors of this paper present methodological tools for assessing regional higher education systems based on the indicative method of analysis. These tools make it possible to draw conclusions on the (non-)uniformity of the system development and on its level, which is determined through the specified threshold values. The results of the analysis show that for certain blocks of the methodology, the gap between regional systems is increasing. At the same time, the leaders of the system are growing at a slower pace throughout the analyzed period, but they have firmly consolidated their positions. The catching-up systems are changing their positions, but a more active growth of indicators together with their low values does not allow these systems to overcome the average mark.Several other important conclusions are drawn. The existing infrastructure indicators do not meet the modern challenges of higher education, whose activities are increasingly integrated with research, whose infrastructure is assessed not only by the availability of fixed assets and the availability of space, but also by their use, generation of their own infrastructure and its commercialization. The more universities participating in the programs are concentrated in the region, the higher are the indicators of the system. Moreover, there has been revealed a positive dependence between the scale of the regional higher education system and its level of competitiveness.Our study also allows to draw a conclusion about the development of regional higher education systems both within themselves and relatively to each other. Positioning the region as demonstrating strong scientific and educational activities contributes to attracting resources (intellectual, human, financial), and vice versa. Therefore, it is necessary to develop (preventive) measures to stimulate the system.
Pedagogical Higher Education Institutions and Regional Education Authorities: Towards Developing an Eﬀective Interaction Model
Authors: Tarasov S. V. , Kravtsov A. O. 
Published: July 2024

The issues of interaction between pedagogical higher education institutions and regional education authorities are insuﬃciently developed in modern pedagogical theory. The aim of the study is to identify the current state of interaction between pedagogical higher education institutions and regional education systems, as well as to identify problematic areas of this interaction and develop approaches to designing a model of this interaction. The research is based on data obtained from 38 regions, reflecting the positions of 47 representatives of state authorities responsible for educationmanagement and 27 employees of pedagogical higher education institutions. As a result of the study, the features of building interaction between pedagogical higher education institutions and education management authorities have been identified, as well as growth points that allow this interaction to become a factor in the development of the regional educational system. Approaches to building an eﬀective model of interaction between a pedagogical higher education institution and regional education management authorities are also proposed, and the main directions of joint activities of a pedagogical higher education institution and education management authorities are defined in the context of multilevel and multifunctional interaction. Prospective directions for further research include the development of a system of indicators and indicators based on the proposed model for assessing the eﬀectiveness of interaction between pedagogical higher education institutions and regional education authorities.
Ausentismo laboral por causa medica y no medica en la Gerencia complejo Barrancabermeja de control 1995-1997
Authors: Grisales Alba Colombia , Muñoz Alba Lux , Tangarife Carlos Alberto , Bernal Marcela , Torres Mercedes , Calderon Pedro Orlando 
Published: July 2024

El estudio describe la magnitud, frecuencia, tendencia y causas del ausentismo laboral de los trabajadores con contrato a termino indefinido en la Empresa Colombiana de Pétroleos, Gerencia Complejo Barrancabermeja (GCB) durante el periodo de 1995 a 1997, con el fin de establecer programas de intervención y control.
El agua, recurso estratégico del siglo XXI
Authors: Agudelo C Ruth Marina 
Published: July 2024

La disponibilidad de agua dulce en todo el mundo es crítica y cada día es más compleja, debido a factores como la contaminación del recurso hídrico, la manipulación económica y la fuente de poder que representa para quien la posee. La creciente demanda de agua para la agricultura, la industria y el consumo doméstico han creado competencias que se reflejarán en unos 15 años debido al crecimiento demográfico y a la falta de planificación, educación y conciencia para el manejo y uso adecuado del agua, lo que genera consecuencias como acidez de los suelos, enormes cantidades de sedimentos en ríos y lagos, enfermedades gastrointestinales derivadas de su consumo y aumento de abortos y malformaciones genéticas por la presencia de metales pesados en aguas. La desmedida ambición que ciertos grupos económicos tienen por aumentar la explotación, control y administración de recursos como el petróleo, el gas natural y el agua dulce hacen que el agua sea un recurso estratégico para el siglo XXI, ya que este es un elemento esencial, único e insustituible para la supervivencia de la humanidad. Con este ensayo crítico se busca reflexionar sobre la problemática social, política y económica del agua dulce que actualmente se vislumbra para un futuro próximo.
Intervenciones comunitarias para la promoción de hábitos alimentarios saludables: resultados de una revisión sistemática
Authors: Forero Amanda , Goméz Luis Fernando , Espinosa Gladys , Cabrera Gustavo , Gómez Olga Lucia 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: identificar elementos tecnicos de intervenciones comunitarias en hábitos alimentarios, susceptibles de ser implementados en el contexto de ciudades latinoamericanas. Metodología: se realizó una revisión sistemática de los estudios publicados desde 1990, enfatizando en la descripción del proceso y la evaluación de la efectividad de las intervenciones. Resultados: de 25 experiencias revisadas, 23 abordaron exclusivamente intervenciones en hábitos alimentarios y las 3 restantes las combinaron con actividad física. Las teorías y modelos de comportamiento utilizadas para fundamentarlas fueron: teoría de las influencias sociales (7), teoría cognitiva social (6), modelo transtéorico (1), la combinación de la teoría cognitiva social y modelo transtéorico (3) y otras aproximaciones teóricas (3); cinco no determinaron la teoría del modelo. Conclusiones: las intervenciones que lograron obtener un mayor efecto contaban con enfoque integral, definición clara de objetivos, caracterización adecuada del problema y participación de la comunidad en el diseño y definición de una etapa de mantenimiento. Se destaca la importancia de validar intervenciones en el contexto de los países latinoamericanos.
Creencias en salud: historia, constructos y aportes del modelo
Authors: Cabrera A Gustavo , Tascón G Jorge , Lucumí C Diego 
Published: July 2024

En contextos académicos y profesionales se requieren sólidas bases teóricas y conceptuales para la intervención de la realidad, sea mediante la investigación o acciones programáticas planeadas. En un esfuerzo por explicar el fracaso masivo de participación de las personas en programas para prevenir o detectar enfermedades, un grupo de psicólogos sociales del servicio de salud pública de los Estados unidos de América desarrolló en la década del 50 un modelo psicosocial para explicar comportamientos relacionados con la salud: el modelo de creencias en la salud. Ha sido el más sistémicamente usado y citado para explicar acciones de prevención de enfermedades, respuestas a síntomas y enfermedades así como otros diversos patrones comportamentales con efectos en salud. El artículo presenta argumentos sobre el uso de bases teóricas y modelos, así como la historia, componentes y usos del modelo de creencias, con énfasis en sus aportes en investigación e intervención comportamental para prevención de la enfermedad y la protección y promoción de la salud.
An Insight of Village Community Banks as the Tool of Forest Resource Conservation: A Case of Selected Villages Adjacent Pugu and Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve.
Authors: Deodatus Rwekaza Godlove 
Published: July 2024

Village Community Bank (VICOBA) is established with the intention of eradicating extreme poverty and enhancing economic and social development. However, it is clear that poor societies in rural areas depend more on forest resources as a source of energy which results in the depletion of resources. Having well-coordinated and operating VICOBA in the community; improves their livelihood and shifts from depending on natural resources like forest. This study assessed the contribution of VICOBA to forest resource conservation. The study used a cross-sectional design whereby a multistage sampling technique and Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) were used to get a sample of 230 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS. Findings show that over 75.7% of VICOBA members agree that economic activities as the results of the VICOBA program aided in reducing much dependence on forest products like wood and charcoal consumption and affords alternative sources of energy like electricity, gas, and solar energy while only 24.3% of respondents disagree. On the other hand, 76.5% of respondents agreed that the VICOBA program helped them in increasing individual income. Finally, this study recommends that alternative sources of income-generating activities should be promoted especially in the communities adjacent to forest resources in order to reduce dependence on forest resources for economic purposes.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Factors at 6 Months Postpartum in Low-Income Populations: An Integrative Review
Authors: Kurilla Nancy A. 
Published: July 2024

Objective:This integrative review aimed to study the factors related to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for at least 6 months postpartum in low-income populations.Methods:After extensively searching CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus, an integrative review was conducted to identify the existing evidence. Quantitative and qualitative studies that examined factors related to EBF at 6 months in low-income populations were included in this review.Results:Eight studies met this review’s inclusion criteria. The studies’ researchers examined associations with EBF at 6 months in low-income populations. Higher education, healthcare professional support, and social support were positively related to EBF at 6 months postpartum in low-income women. Older age, lower body mass index, strong control beliefs, and peer counseling were positive predictors for EBF at 6 months postpartum in low-income women. Factors that impeded EBF rates 6 months postpartum in low-income women were negative influences by healthcare professionals and lack of community-based programs and social support.Conclusions:Healthcare professionals need proper education with support, promotion, and protection of breastfeeding. Low-income communities need more resources to support breastfeeding mothers to breastfeed their children successfully and exclusively. Research is further needed to learn of factors related to EBF at 6 months postpartum in low-income populations.
Artificial Intelligence Portrayals in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Morcos Mary , Duggan Jessica , Young Jason , Lipa Shaina A. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The increasing accessibility of artificial intelligence (AI) text-to-image generators offers a novel avenue for exploring societal perceptions. The present study assessed AI-generated images to examine the representation of gender and racial diversity among orthopaedic surgeons.

Methods:
Five prominent text-to-image generators (DALL·E 2, Runway, Midjourney, ImagineAI, and JasperArt) were utilized to create images for the search queries “Orthopedic Surgeon,” “Orthopedic Surgeon’s Face,” and “Portrait of an Orthopedic Surgeon.” Each query produced 80 images, resulting in a total of 240 images per generator. Two independent reviewers categorized race, sex, and age in each image, with a third reviewer resolving discrepancies. Images with incomplete or multiple faces were excluded. The demographic proportions (sex, race, and age) of the AI-generated images were then compared with those of the 2018 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) census.

Results:
In our examination across all AI platforms, 82.8% of the images depicted surgeons as White, 12.3% as Asian, 4.1% as Black, and 0.75% as other; 94.5% of images were men; and a majority (64.4%) appeared ≥50 years old. DALL·E 2 exhibited significantly increased diversity in representation of both women and non-White surgeons compared with the AAOS census, whereas Midjourney, Runway, and ImagineAI exhibited significantly decreased representation.

Conclusions:
The present study highlighted distortions in AI portrayal of orthopaedic surgeon diversity, influencing public perceptions and potentially reinforcing disparities. DALL·E 2 and JasperArt show encouraging diversity, but limitations persist in other generators. Future research should explore strategies for improving AI to promote a more inclusive and accurate representation of the evolving demographics of orthopaedic surgery, mitigating biases related to race and gender.

Clinical Relevance:
This study is clinically relevant as it investigates the accuracy of AI-generated images in depicting diversity among orthopaedic surgeons. The findings reveal significant discrepancies in representation by race and gender, which could impact societal perceptions and exacerbate existing disparities in health care.
Indirect Tensile Strength Test on Heterogeneous Rock Using Square Plate Sample with a Circular Hole
Authors: Liu Xingzong , Gong Bin , Song Kezhi , Liu Hao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An indirect testing method for determining the tensile strength of rock-like heterogeneous materials is proposed. The realistic failure process analysis method, which can consider material inhomogeneity, is applied to model the failure process of the square plate containing a circular hole under uniaxial compression. The influence of plate thickness and applied loads on the maximum tensile stress is investigated, and the tensile strength equation is deduced. Meanwhile, the initial cracking loads are obtained by the corresponding physical tests, and the tensile strengths are determined by substituting the initial cracking loads into the developed tensile strength equation. The values predicted by the newly proposed method are almost identical to those of the direct tensile tests. Furthermore, the proposed method can give the relatively small tensile strength error with the direct tensile test in comparison to the other test methods, which indicates that the proposed method is effective and valid for determining the tensile strength of rock-like heterogeneous materials.
Investigating the Impact of Monolayer and Multilayer PVD Coatings on Cutting Tool Friction Factor
Authors: Paulian Kumaradhas , Manickam Vijayanand , Tharanipathy Venkatesan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The purpose of the paper is to examine the ZrSiN, monolayer TiN, and multilayer TiSiN PVD coatings' friction factors on tempered steel 45X (50 HRC) and steel 45 (180 HB). The tribological characteristics were studied using tribometer. The registered values of friction factor were transferred to the computer using an analog to digital converter. TiN coatings on both steel 45 (180 HB) and the tempered steel 45Х (50 HRC) shows an increase in friction factor. Friction factor of TiSiN coating at 70V and 150 V also increases with time. In case of ZrSiN, the friction factor remains constant for both the tool materials for deposition current of 150V.The results of the investigations provide useful information for applying ZrSiN PVD coating for the improvement of tool life of cutting tools. The paper contributes to better understanding of the friction properties of monolayer TiN, multilayer TiSiN, and ZrSiN PVD coatings deposited on steel 45 (180 HB) and the tempered steel 45Х (50 HRC).
Collaborative Adjustment of Wing-Tail Distance and Tail Attitude to Achieve Agile Maneuver Flight of Biomimetic Flapping Wing Robot
Authors: Xu Wenfu , Liu Guangze , Pan Erzhen , Sun Wei , Wang Shihua , Yan Lei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In nature, raptors exhibit remarkable hunting abilities through their adept use of rapid aerial maneuvers. The key to achieving such exceptional maneuverability lies in the dynamic adjustment of the distance between the center of gravity (COG) and aerodynamic center (AC) across a wide range. Drawing inspiration from this natural phenomenon, we have developed a biomimetic flapping-wing robot with agile flying capabilities. By coordinating adjustments in wing-tail distance and tail attitude, we can effectively manipulate the relative positioning of the robot's COG and AC, as well as modulate wing and tail moments generated with respect to COG, thereby influencing climbing and descending characteristics. This enhanced agility allows us to define and achieve 13 Dynamic Flying Primitives (DFPs), including ascend and pull-up, ascend and inverted flight, dive and inverted flight, among others. Furthermore, by combining different DFPs, we have successfully executed 9 typical maneuvers such as figure-of-eight somersaults, inverted flight maneuvers, large-angle dives followed by steeply climbs, etc., all for the first time on flapping-wing robots. Finally, outdoor flying tests have been conducted to validate that our biologically-inspired flapping-wing flying robot equipped with a self-adjustment strategy for wing-tail distance and tail attitude can achieve unprecedented levels of agile maneuverability.
Treatment of Disturbed Sleep in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: Study Protocol of a Fully Remote Clinical Trial
Authors: Walsh Christine M , Song Felicia , Coppola Quentin , Yack Leslie , Le Michael M , Javed Samirah , Pandher Natalie , Li Esther , Mayzel Olga , Heuer Hilary H , Koestler Mary , Miller Bruce L , Boxer M Adam L , Vandevrede MD Lawren , MD Lea T Grinberg , Neylan Thomas C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Prior research identified profound sleep disruption in PSP. The hypothalamic and brainstem, areas that help regulate the sleep/wake patterns, are among regions earliest effected. Comparing polysomnography and quantitative-neuropathology metrics, we identified relative sparing of wake promoting nuclei in PSP compared to Alzheimer’s disease, though PSP had more disrupted sleep. It led to the hypothesis that PSP patients have hyperinsomina due to degeneration of sleep nuclei with a preservation of sleep neurons, causing a system unbalance. Higher neuronal count of wake-promoting nuclei was associated with greater nocturnal wake, regardless of disease. Specifically, orexinergic wake-promoting neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, previously described as the sleep-on/off switch, are relatively spared in PSP. Thus, we hypothesized that an orexinergic antagonist may be more effective in treating sleep/wake issues in PSP than other hypnotic medications. This study tests the safety and efficacy of an orexinergic antagonist (suvorexant) targeting the wake-promoting system and contrasts it to a GABAergic receptor agonist (zolpidem) targeting sleep-promoting systems.Methods This is a remote clinical trial, designed as a double-blind, cross-over, within-subject 6-week trial, with 3 one-week long conditions, separated by 1 week washout periods. The order of the 3 regiments is randomized and counterbalanced: placebo (microcrystalline cellulose), 15mg suvorexant, 5mg zolpidem. Participants are recruited from doctor and study referrals, registries, and support groups. Once onboarded, the trial-coordinator maintains communication with the participant/caregiver throughout the 6 weeks. Assessments include neurological interviews, cognitive testing, and subjective questionnaire packets. Sleep and circadian rhythm are assessed through ambulatory EEG and actigraphy monitoring devices worn by the participant throughout the trial.Discussion The study design aims to reduce burden and improve accessibility. Administering a remote clinical trial for a rare disease, however, creates unique issues that would otherwise be absent from in-person studies. Particularly, a symptom rather than disease-modifying trial is challenging to recruit for when potential disease-modifying therapeutics are available. Needing to coordinate with non-associated medical offices to attain medical records or prescriptions can cause frustrations for the potential participant, medical office, and study team. In recruitment, onboarding, and trial maintenance, this study design relies on consistent communication to support participant enrollment and satisfaction.Trial Registration “Treatment of Disturbed Sleep in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)”; NCT04014389