bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the role of identity in negotiation decision making:the case of Cyprus
Authors: Sirin Cigdem V. 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effects of ethnic and social identities on negotiation decision making in the context of the Cyprus conflict.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducts a theory‐driven case study of the 1959 Zurich‐London agreements on Cyprus, analyzing the positions of Turkey, Greece, Britain, and the Turkish and Greek Cypriot communities during the negotiation process. The analytical method is the applied decision analysis procedure.FindingsThe analysis of the Zurich‐London negotiations over Cyprus suggests that even in the presence of adversarial ethnic ties, decision makers who have a shared (and salient) social identity are more likely to employ collective‐serving decision strategies and seek even‐handed solutions that will not jeopardize their mutual interests. Here, Turkey and Greece – both NATO members – decided to settle on a commonly agreed negotiation outcome despite their ethnicity‐driven, clashing interests over Cyprus. In contrast, decision makers with severe ethnic fragmentation with no shared social identity (as with the Turkish and Greek Cypriot communities) are more prone to employ self‐serving decision strategies and seek zero‐sum negotiation outcomes that will exclusively benefit them.Research limitations/implicationsRegarding the applied decision analysis procedure employed in this study, it is necessary to acknowledge the subjective nature of the construction of the decision matrices with respective values/ratings, even though such procedure is based on empirical and situational evidence.Originality/valueThe study introduces a novel theoretical and analytical framework to the literature on negotiation decision making in identity‐based conflicts by combining the social contextualist perspective with the polyheuristic decision model and using applied decision analysis. By anchoring the analysis in the historical context of the Cyprus conflict, the study also contributes to the relatively underdeveloped literature on conflict management in the Middle East.
Ireland's new Innovation Academy: academic‐practitioner partnerships in action
Authors: Jarvis Suzi , Mitchell Frances 
Published: October 2012

PurposeIn November 2010 Ireland launched a new multi‐institutional academic initiative called The Innovation Academy to provide credited teaching programmes in innovation and entrepreneurial thinking to be taken in parallel with university doctoral programmes of any discipline. This article aims to examine the design and development of this new initiative, how it integrates external organizations into its teaching programmes and how this practically translates into employment and job creation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors approached this paper using a standard qualitative data gathering approach, analyzing student reflection documents and enterprise partner feedback as well as quantitative data on participation from both academic and enterprise sources.FindingsIt was found that working with enterprises as part of the Innovation Academy Graduate Certificate in innovation and entrepreneurship has a significant impact on both the student and the enterprise partner. Students describe an increase in confidence, creativity and team‐working skills. Enterprise partners find that having student teams in their workplace reinvigorates their own staff.Originality/valueThe Innovation Academy is a new initiative in Ireland that promotes entrepreneurial thinking in postgraduate students. The structure of the course is designed to be broadly appealing so that it easily translates to an undergraduate and professional student base. The tight integration of industry (public, private and charitable) ensures that the programme consistently has its finger on the pulse of the current economic climate.
Creative management in TAMK Proacademy
Authors: Nevalainen Timo , Maijala Miia 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the management of creative learning process in Proacademy, an entrepreneurship education unit of Tampere University of Applied Sciences (TAMK) where all coaching, learning and business development activities are focused on facilitating the entrepreneurial path, which consists of five core value‐activities of trust, courage, actions, learning and success.Design/methodology/approachTAMK Proacademy implements a unique approach to continuous development of a learning community, based on team learning and self‐managed development of relevant knowledge and skills. The paper describes this process, part of its theoretical basis and major outcomes.FindingsThe shared decision making in Proacademy allows for student‐entrepreneurs to take an active and responsible role in the management of the study programme and leaves enough room for creativity and innovation in practice. Capability of self‐leadership of teams and individuals is enabled by a shared vision and values, and the shared domain of entrepreneurship as the focus of learning activities.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates the key factors found to be most important in managing a creative organization and it will be of value for anyone investigating learning organizations. It presents an example on how an organization that supports active co‐operation between the university staff and the students can be structured.
The new competitive advantage of automobile manufacturers
Authors: Rugraff Eric 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe literature identifies different sources of competitive advantages. The purpose of this paper is to suggest that an efficient articulation of a Voice behavioral model and an Exit behavioral model can result in a sustained competitive advantage for automobile manufacturers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper builds on the analytical framework of the global value chain literature to analyze how the combination of hierarchy, relational linkages and market linkages creates additional assets. The case of Volkswagen‐Skoda in the Czech Republic is used to illustrate the combination of Voice and Exit relationships.FindingsThe paper suggests that the competitive advantage of automobile manufacturers crucially depends today on the combination, on the one hand, of the “relational rent” provided by the cooperation with global suppliers, and on the other hand, of the “switching rent” provided by the absence of implication in the relationship with lower‐tier suppliers.Originality/valueThe paper represents an original research initiative that considers the combination of three types of linkages as the source of competitive advantage. The paper uses a case study to exemplify the declination and articulation of the three types of linkages.
Complementarities and coopetition in presence of intangible resources
Authors: Biondi Yuri , Giannoccolo Pierpaolo 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a model of innovative industries which face coopetition: firms compete while committing at the same time to R&D joint ventures and other cooperative agreements. These joint activities are likely to occur in presence of complementarities on demand or supply sides; they raise specific accounting issues concerned with recognition and measurement of intangible resources committed to, and generated from them.Design/methodology/approachThe paper develops a heuristic industrial economic model characterized by joint utility of outputs for custumers on the demand side, and potential complementarities in R&D activities on the supply side. The authors’ model describes different scenarios generated by alternative corporate pricing strategies. In particular, these strategies (as implemented by firms or imposed by regulators) influence both infrastructure corporate investments and the creation and stability of coopetitive relationships.FindingsThe model scenarios show that especially accounting for intangible resources – related to processes of innovation and R&D – should deserve specific attention. Firms and regulators need to properly account for both hard intangibles that have market prices of reference, and soft and ethereal intangibles that factually have not. A stock method of accounting for intangibles results then which is narrow and biased, because of its focus on hard intangibles alone. A flow method of accounting should be preferred, which tracks the cumulated investment flow of direct and indirect expenditures in innovation and development, properly allocated within and between firms.Originality/valueThe paper argues for regulatory frameworks that enable increasing the positive effects of cooperation while repressing collusive behaviours (technological standardization, fiscal incentives to welfare‐improving innovation and strategy, public research, costumers’ protection, and so forth). Concerning the overall industrial organization, the paper's theoretical analysis shows the need for better recognition and measurement of intangibles and complementarities in costing and pricing, for both corporate and regulatory purposes.
Leveraging tourism social capital: the case of the 2010 Olympic tourism consortium
Authors: Williams Peter W. , Elkhashab Aliaa 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore social capital emerging from the collective set of activities pursued by a network of stakeholders leveraging tourism benefits from the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games (the Games).Design/methodology/approachA case study of an Olympic tourism consortium (the Consortium) established to garner tourism benefits from the Games illustrates the forms of social capital development emerging from this initiative. A three‐phased research process involving a literature review, key informant interviews with Consortium stakeholders, and a follow‐up on‐line survey with these representatives informs the study's data collection and analysis process. Aspects of bonding, bridging and linking social capital creation are examined.FindingsVarying levels of confidence, trust, mutual respect, personal ties, shared values, and human capacity were generated through the Consortium's activities. This social capital was perceived as a valuable but fragile legacy capable of nurturing increased leadership and organizational capacity particularly when tackling issues confronting the industry's overall sustained prosperity. They also felt that the value and momentum of the social capital legacy might be imperiled by a limited appreciation of how to effectively activate it in a post‐Games environment.Practical implicationsInsights are provided into the social capital that networks of stakeholders can generate when working collectively to leverage benefits from sport mega‐events such as the Games.Originality/valueThe research contributes to emerging discussions concerning social capital leveraging in tourism related sport mega‐event management settings.
Six Sigma sales and marketing: application to NCAA basketball
Authors: Salzarulo Peter A. , Krehbiel Timothy C. , Mahar Stephen , Emerson Lance S. 
Published: October 2012

PurposeToday's economic climate has fueled intense competition for entertainment dollars, including those spent on professional and intercollegiate sports. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight and demonstrate the use of the Six Sigma methodology as a way to improve event attendance in a sports marketing setting.Design/methodology/approachThe research utilizes the define‐measure‐analyze‐improve‐control (DMAIC) sequence to evaluate customer requirements and develop recommendations. Surveys, focus groups, and descriptive statistics comprise an important set of tools utilized to accomplish this aim.FindingsThe paper concludes that Six Sigma can be readily applied to a sports marketing setting by explicitly demonstrating the steps employed to reverse a four‐year decline in attendance for a collegiate men's basketball program.Originality/valueThe paper is unique in detailing the use of Six Sigma, a traditional quality improvement methodology, in a sports marketing setting. It also highlights the unique elements associated with fully implementing a Six Sigma project in such a seasonal setting as an athletic enterprise.
Nocturia: current concepts and future perspectives
Authors: Osman N. I. , Chapple C. R. , Wein A. J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNocturia is a prevalent highly bothersome urinary symptom that may significantly detriment the health and well‐being of sufferers. It is characterized by waking at night to void, each void preceded and followed by sleep, hence leading to fragmentation of sleep and day‐time tiredness. This may result in reduced productivity in the workplace, which contributes to the significant burden to the wider society that nocturia incurs. Nocturia was traditionally viewed as one of the many urinary tract symptoms that occur due to lower urinary tract dysfunction. However, recently it has been recognized that due to its multi‐factorial aetio‐pathogenesis, nocturia should be viewed as distinct clinical condition in its own right. Careful assessment of the nocturic patient is essential so that treatment strategies are guided by the likely causes. Much research is currently being undertaken into the underlying causes and the optimal management approaches. This review will explore the contemporary status of research on nocturia with a focus on the current and newly available pharmacotherapies.
Transrectal specimen extraction after laparoscopic left colectomy: a case‐matched study
Authors: Christoforidis D. , Clerc D. , Demartines N. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAim  Avoiding ‘mini‐laparotomy’ to extract a colectomy specimen may decrease wound complications and further improve recovery after laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this study was to develop a new technique for transrectal specimen extraction (TRSE) and to compare it with conventional laparoscopy (CL) for left sided colectomy.Method  Eleven patients with benign disease requiring either sigmoid or left colon resection underwent TRSE. The unfired circular stapler was inserted transanally and used as a guide to suture‐close the recto‐sigmoid junction laparoscopically and as a handle to pull the sutured sigmoid through the opened rectum inside a laparoscopic camera bag. The anvil was inserted into the lumen of the intussuscepted sigmoid and pushed to the level of the anastomosis. The anastomosis was fashioned end‐to‐end in the first patients and side‐to‐end in the following patients to improve safety. Intra‐operative and postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing TRSE were compared with those of a group of 20 patients undergoing CL, who were matched for type of resection, body mass index and age.Results  The procedure was successful in all but the first patient who was converted to conventional laparoscopic colectomy without any additional morbidity. Two patients in the end‐to‐end anastomosis group, but none in the side‐to‐end group, developed peri‐anastomotic sepsis. Compared with CL, patients undergoing TRSE did not show any significant differences in operative time, recovery or morbidity.Conclusion  Transrectal specimen extraction after left colectomy using the circular stapler technique is feasible. A side‐to‐end anastomosis appears safer than an end‐to‐end anastomosis. Further studies are needed to explore the potential advantages of this procedure over CL.
Perceptual experience modulates cortical circuits involved in visual awareness
Authors: de Jong Maartje C. , Kourtzi Zoe , van Ee Raymond 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSuccessful interactions with the environment entail interpreting ambiguous sensory information. To address this challenge it has been suggested that the brain optimizes performance through experience. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate whether perceptual experience modulates the cortical circuits involved in visual awareness. Using ambiguous visual stimuli (binocular rivalry or ambiguous structure‐from‐motion) we were able to disentangle the co‐occurring influences of stimulus repetition and perceptual repetition. For both types of ambiguous stimuli we observed that the mere repetition of the stimulus evoked an entirely different pattern of activity modulations than the repetition of a particular perceptual interpretation of the stimulus. Regarding stimulus repetition, decreased fMRI responses were evident during binocular rivalry but weaker during 3‐D motion rivalry. Perceptual repetition, on the other hand, entailed increased activity in stimulus‐specific visual brain regions – for binocular rivalry in the early visual regions and for ambiguous structure‐from‐motion in both early as well as higher visual regions. This indicates that the repeated activation of a visual network mediating a particular percept facilitated its later reactivation. Perceptual repetition was also associated with a response change in the parietal cortex that was similar for the two types of ambiguous stimuli, possibly relating to the temporal integration of perceptual information. We suggest that perceptual repetition is associated with a facilitation of neural activity within and between percept‐specific visual networks and parietal networks involved in the temporal integration of perceptual information, thereby enhancing the stability of previously experienced percepts.
Natural selection, plasticity and the emergence of a behavioural syndrome in the wild
Authors: Adriaenssens Bart , Johnsson Jörgen I. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIndividuals often show consistent behavioural differences where behaviours can form integrated units across functionally different contexts. However, the factors causing and maintaining behavioural syndromes in natural populations remain poorly understood. In this study, we provide evidence for the emergence of a behavioural syndrome during the first months of life in wild brown trout (Salmo trutta). Behavioural traits of trout were scored before and after a 2‐month interval covering a major survival bottleneck, whereupon the consistency and covariance of behaviours were analysed. We found that selection favoured individuals with high activity levels in an open‐field context, a personality trait consistent throughout the duration of the experiment. In addition, a behavioural syndrome emerged over the 2 months in the wild, linking activity to aggressiveness and exploration tendency. These novel results suggest that behavioural syndromes can emerge rapidly in nature from interaction between natural selection and behavioural plasticity affecting single behaviours.
Suspected collagen disorders in the bleeding disorder clinic: A case–control study
Authors: Jackson S. C. , Odiaman L. , Card R. T. , van der Bom J. G. , Poon M‐C. 
Published: October 2012

SummaryDisorders of collagen are associated with a mild bleeding tendency because of the potential abnormal interaction of collagen, von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelets required during primary haemostasis and due to generalized soft tissue fragility. Abnormal collagen may contribute to bleeding in existing mucocutaneous bleeding disorders, but the prevalence in this setting is unknown. Generalized symptomatic joint hypermobility (SJH) is common in collagen disorders and may be objectively measured. To assess the association between symptomatic joint hypermobility and mucocutaneous bleeding disorders, we performed a case–control study in which case subjects were 55 consecutive individuals who had visited our bleeding disorder clinic with a diagnosis of von Willebrand disease, low von Willebrand factor levels, mild platelet function disorder or undefined bleeding disorder. Controls were 50 subjects without a bleeding disorder, and were age and gender matched to the cases. All subjects were assessed with: (i) Beighton score for joint hypermobility, (ii) revised Brighton criteria, (iii) Condensed MCMDM1‐VWD bleeding questionnaire, and (iv) haemostasis laboratory studies. The prevalence of SJH/suspected collagen disorder in the bleeding disorder clinic was 24% (13/55) compared with 2% (1/50) in the control population (OR 15, 95% CI 2–121). Seventy‐seven per cent of bleeding disorder clinic SJH subjects (10/13) had a prior personal or family history of Ehlers‐Danlos, Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome or Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI). Symptomatic joint hypermobility was associated with increased odds of an underlying mucocutaneous bleeding disorder. These findings suggest that a collagen disorder is common and often unrecognized in the bleeding disorder clinic as a potential contributor to the bleeding symptoms.
Efficacy of lasers as an adjunct to chemo‐mechanical disinfection of infected root canals: a systematic review
Authors: Fransson H. , Larsson K. M. , Wolf E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe aim was to evaluate the efficacy of various types of lasers used as an adjunct to chemo‐mechanical disinfection of infected root canals with the outcome measures ‘normal periapical condition’ or ‘reduction of microbial load’. PubMed, CENTRAL and ISI Web of Knowledge literature searches with specific indexing terms and a subsequent hand search were made with stated limits and criteria. Relevant publications were retrieved, followed by interpretation. The quality of each included publication was assessed as high, moderate or low. The initial search process yielded 234 publications. All abstracts of these publications were read, and the reference lists of relevant publications were hand‐searched. Ten articles were read in full text and interpreted according to a data extraction form. Five were included in the systematic review and were assessed. A meta‐analysis was impossible to perform because the included studies were heterogeneous with regard to study design, treatment and outcome measures. Positive effects were reported; however, no concluding evidence grade could be made because each included study was judged to have low quality, primarily due to lack of a power analysis, blinding and reproducibility. The evidence grade for whether lasers can be recommended as an adjunct to chemo‐mechanical disinfection of infected root canals was insufficient. This does not necessarily imply that laser should not be used as an adjunct to root canal treatment but instead underscores the need for future high‐quality studies.
Automated, semi‐automated, and manual analyses of anti‐cardiolipin and anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibodies in women with a history of miscarriage
Authors: Gutensohn K. , Vossen D. , Strate A. , Kersten J. F. , Hofbauer M. , Krieger T. 
Published: October 2012

SummaryIntroductionAnti‐cardiolipin and β2‐glycoprotein I antibodies represent important diagnostic parameters in routine hematology. In this study, five different automated, semi‐automated, and manual immunoassays detecting IgG/IgM anti‐cardiolipin and anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibodies were tested.MethodsA total of 162 samples from women with a history of miscarriage were recruited from 110 different G&O outpatient centers in Germany.ResultsFor both anti‐cardiolipin and anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibodies, considerable differences in the percentage of positive results were seen between all five methods, and itemization of all positive test results revealed a poor accordance. These findings were confirmed by Cohen's kappa coefficients.ConclusionOur study revealed a moderate to poor accordance between five different test systems for anti‐cardiolipin and anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibodies. Such deviations may result in clinical misinterpretation of data and may lead to wrong therapeutic consequences. Therefore, further standardization of all tests for anti‐phospholipid antibodies should be achieved.