bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of implant placement at crestal and subcrestal levels in aesthetic zone: A finite element analysis
Authors: Özer Taha , Acar Gülin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe success rate of the implant treatment, including aesthetics and long‐term survival, relies heavily on preserving crestal peri‐implant bone, as it determines the stability and long‐term outcomes. This study aimed to demonstrate the stress differences in the crestal bone resulting from dental implant placement at various depths relative to the crestal bone level using finite element analysis.Materials and MethodsThree study models were prepared for implant placement at the crestal bone level (CL), 1 mm depth (SL‐1), and 2 mm depth (SL‐2). Implants were placed in the maxillary central incisor region of each model, and 100 N vertical and oblique forces were applied. The von Mises, maximum principal (tensile), and minimum principal (compressive) stresses were evaluated.ResultsThe CL model exhibited the highest stresses on the implant, abutment, and abutment screws under vertical and oblique forces. For maximum principal stress in the crestal bone under vertical force, the SL‐2, SL‐1, and CL models recorded values of 6.56, 6.26, and 5.77 MPa, respectively. Under oblique forces, stress values for SL‐1, SL‐2, and CL were 25.3, 24.91, and 23.76 MPa, respectively. The CL model consistently exhibited the lowest crestal bone stress at all loads and the highest stress values on the implant and its components. Moreover, considering the yield strengths of the materials, no mechanical or physiological complications were noted.ConclusionsPlacing the implant at the crestal level or subcrestally beyond the cortical layer could potentially reduce stress and minimize crestal bone loss. However, further studies are warranted for confirmation.
People with intellectual disabilities as peer trainers and their coaches: Impact and experiences in a Dutch training course
Authors: den Boer Maria C. , Giesbers Sanne A. H. , de Beer Mireille G. D. , van Beurden Kayleigh , Embregts Petri J. C. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe value of experts by experience within the field of intellectual disabilities is receiving greater recognition. This study explored the experiences of peer trainers regarding the impact of being a (1) trainee in a train the trainer course (n = 9), and (2) peer trainer in a Dutch training course (n = 6) aimed towards the self‐growth of people with intellectual disabilities. In addition to examining the experiences of peer trainers themselves, we investigated the perspective of coaches (n = 4) regarding the experiences of peer trainers. Peer trainers and coaches were questioned using individual and group interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Three themes were identified: (1) Growing and flourishing, (2) Performing a meaningful role for your peer and (3) Experiencing reciprocity and a sense of belonging. Working as a peer trainer was valuable and produced several benefits, ranging from increased self‐confidence to feelings of belonging and reciprocity.
The association between taurine concentrations and dog characteristics, clinical variables, and diet in English cocker spaniels: The Canine taURinE (CURE) project
Authors: Kriström Karin , Häggström Jens , Fascetti Andrea J. , Ström Lena , Dirven Mark , Yu Joshua , Essén Titti Sjödal , Tidholm Anna , Pion Paul D. , Ljungvall Ingrid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundOccurrence of low blood taurine concentrations (B‐TauC) and predisposing factors to taurine deficiency in English Cocker Spaniels (ECS) are incompletely understood.ObjectivesInvestigate the occurrence of low B‐TauC in a Swedish population of ECS and evaluate the association between B‐TauC and dog characteristics, clinical variables, and diet composition.AnimalsOne‐hundred eighty privately owned ECS.MethodsDogs were prospectively recruited and underwent physical examination, blood analyses, and echocardiographic and ophthalmic examinations. Dogs with clinical signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) also underwent thoracic radiography. Taurine concentrations were analyzed in plasma (EDTA and heparin) and whole blood. Diets consumed by the dogs at the time of the examination were analyzed for dietary taurine‐ (D‐TauC), cysteine‐ (D‐CysC), and methionine concentrations (D‐MetC).ResultsFifty‐three of 180 dogs (29%) had low B‐TauC, of which 13 (25%) dogs had clinical and radiographic signs of CHF, increased echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) dimensions and volumes, and impaired LV systolic function. Five (9%) dogs with low B‐TauC had retinal abnormalities. Dietary MetC, dietary animal protein source (red/white meat), and age were associated with B‐TauC in the final multivariable regression model (P < .001, R2adj = .39).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLow B‐TauC suggests that taurine deficiency may play a role in the development of myocardial failure and CHF in ECS. Low D‐MetC and diets with red meat as the animal protein source were associated with low B‐TauC. Dogs with B‐TauC below the normal reference range were older than dogs with normal concentrations.
Continuous sampling of healthy and mastitic quarters of lactating cattle by ultrafiltration after intramammary ceftiofur hydrochloride administration
Authors: Mzyk Danielle A. , Halleran Jennifer L. , Sylvester Hannah J. , Giles Claire B. , Jacob Megan E. , Baynes Ronald E. , Foster Derek M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPharmacological activity of intramammary drugs depends on adequate drug concentrations within the cistern, but sampling is often limited. Insight into the active drug concentration within the mammary cistern may assist in determining effective and appropriate therapeutic decisions for cows being treated for mastitis.ObjectiveEvaluate the disposition of ceftiofur hydrochloride administered intramammary in diseased and nondiseased quarters. Whole milk and ultrafiltrate sampling techniques were compared.AnimalsTen mature, late lactation Holstein (n = 9) and Jersey (n = 1) dairy cows (422‐670 kg) with naturally occurring clinical mastitis, producing between 1.4 and 15.9 kg/day of milk.MethodsUltrafiltration probes were placed in both mastitic and healthy quarters. Each quarter was treated with 2 doses of 125 mg ceftiofur hydrochloride suspension, and whole milk and milk ultrafiltrate samples were collected. Ceftiofur concentrations in composite whole milk and milk ultrafiltrate were analyzed.ResultsThe maximum concentration of ceftiofur was higher in ultrafiltrate samples, but no differences were identified in healthy or mastitic quarters. The use of ultrafiltration probes provides a novel technique for free drug concentrations within the mastitic and healthy bovine mammary gland.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSignificant inter‐ and intracow variability and lower daily milk weights may overestimate ceftiofur concentrations available within the cistern. The pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters reported in milk ultrafiltrate will help establish a link between the PK and the corresponding drug effect, potentially providing a meaningful rationale for the selection of a safe and effective dose in cows with mastitis.
Vertebrate scavenging in Australia is shaped by a complex interplay of bioregional, seasonal and habitat factors
Authors: Spencer E. E. , Dickman C. R. , Greenville A. , Barton P. , Ritchie E. G. , Newsome T. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarcass scavenging by vertebrates is a critical ecosystem service that is influenced by environmental factors such as season and habitat. However, there is limited understanding of the role that these factors play in shaping scavenging patterns across different bioregions. We used camera traps to monitor vertebrate scavengers at 120 kangaroo (Family: Macropodidae) carcasses that were positioned across different seasons (warm/cool) and habitats (open/closed canopy) in three disparate desert, subalpine and temperate bioregions in Australia. Our survey identified 27 species that scavenged carcasses and revealed clear differences in scavenging patterns across the three bioregions. Carcass use was highest for feral cats, birds of prey, corvids and red foxes in the desert bioregion; for reptiles and dingoes in the temperate bioregion and for feral pigs, possums and dingoes in the subalpine bioregion. Bioregional differences in scavenger guild composition explained >4.6 times more variation in scavenger guild dissimilarity than season and >9.8 times more variation than habitat. Further, habitat had few effects on scavenger communities or carcass detection and use, whereas season was a strong predictor of these responses. Across bioregions, there were some general seasonal and habitat scavenging trends, with mammals and birds often using carcasses more frequently in cooler seasons and birds detecting carcasses faster in open habitat. However, there was also extensive within‐bioregion seasonal variation. For example, depending on bioregion, some animals scavenged more frequently or detected carcasses faster in warmer seasons (i.e. birds and reptiles). Our results show that vertebrate scavenging is mediated by a complex interplay of environmental variables, especially seasonality, which may operate differently across bioregions. These findings have implications for understanding variability in vertebrate scavenging patterns and, in turn, functionally redundant or complementary scavenging processes.
Justice, community and rememory: opening spaces to (R)econoce(R) en colectiva with texts
Authors: Sambolín Morales Astrid N. , Torres Francisco L. , Medina Carmen L. , Ortiz Raquel M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDrawing from rememory and decolonial theory, this collaborative piece illustrates how three Puerto Rican educators and researchers partnered with a Puerto Rican scholar, activist and children's book author to engage in inquiry cycles. These inquiry cycles centred our general experiences with children's literature and the author's work. After engaging in dialogue and sharing/responding to written reflections, we play with content and form as we unpack our creative‐research journey to ReconoceR—to acknowledge and re‐learn—through storying. By doing so, we engage in transformational actionings to resist the conditions of invisibility, silence and impossibility that sustain coloniality. Through this work, we recognise the centrality of affective spaces and attempt to name those intensities with language. We pivot towards notions of responses to literature as complex understandings of the networks of feelings, experiences and intensities that help us navigate texts and ourselves.
Challenges in herbal‐induced liver injury identification and prevention
Authors: Halegoua‐DeMarzio Dina , Navarro Victor 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerbal and dietary supplements (HDS) are being used worldwide at an increasing rate. Mirroring this trend, HDS‐induced liver injury, also known as HDS‐induced liver injury (HILI), has increased significantly over the past three decades in the Drug‐Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN), now accounting for 20% of cases of drug‐induced liver injury (DILI). There are significant challenges in the identification and prevention of HILI due to varying presentations, ability to make clear diagnosis, identification of the responsible ingredient, lack of treatment, and lack of regulatory oversight of HDS products to confirm their ingredients and ensure safety. The major implicated agents include anabolic steroids, green tea extract, garcinia cambogia, kratom, ashwagandha, turmeric and multi‐ingredient nutritional supplements. Fortunately, with the formation of major DILI consortiums across the world, the last decade has seen advances in the identification of at‐risk genetic phenotypes, the use of chemical analysis on multi‐ingredient nutritional supplements, and the publication of data/injury patterns of potentially risky HDS.
Safety and efficacy of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists in patients with weight regain or insufficient weight loss after metabolic bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Esparham Ali , Mehri Ali , Dalili Amin , Richards Jesse , Khorgami Zhamak 
Published: August 2024

SummaryIntroductionWeight regain and insufficient weight loss are major challenges after metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), affecting patients' comorbidities and quality of life. The current systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to assess the efficacy and safety of GLP‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RA) in patients with weight regain or insufficient weight loss after MBS.MethodsA systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to find the relevant studies.ResultsA total of 19 articles were included. The highest doses of liraglutide and semaglutide were 3 mg per day and 1 mg once weekly, respectively, in the included studies. The mean differences in weight and body mass index after treatment were −7.02 kg or 3.07 kg/m2, −8.65 or −5.22 kg/m2, and −6.99 kg or −3.09 kg/m2 for treatment durations of ≤ 6 months, 6–12 months, and >12 months with liraglutide, respectively. Additionally, weekly semaglutide showed significantly greater weight loss compared to daily liraglutide, with a mean difference of 4.15 kg. Common complications included nausea (19.1%), constipation (8.6%), abdominal pain (3.7%), and vomiting (2.4%).ConclusionUsing GLP‐1 RA is a safe and effective treatment for weight regain and insufficient weight loss after MBS.
How accurate is predicted root movement achieved in four first‐premolar extraction cases with Invisalign?
Authors: Dai Fanfan , Sang Yanhui , Zeng Jingjing , Wang Hongjian , Pan Yichun , Zhao Jianhui , Xu Tianmin , Shu Guang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to compare the achieved and predicted root movements in adults after four first‐premolar extractions and Invisalign treatment.Materials and MethodsThirty‐three consecutive adults (22 Class I, 9 Cusp‐to‐cusp Class II and 2 Cusp‐to‐cusp Class III) from a single clinical division who completed the first series of aligners after premolar extractions were included in this retrospective study. A pretreatment cone‐beam computed tomography model was registered onto the pretreatment surface‐scanned dental model (SSDM) to locate the pretreatment root apices of the whole dentition. These were copied and transferred to the predicted and achieved post‐treatment SSDMs to acquire the locations of the predicted and achieved post‐treatment root apices. The differences between predicted and achieved root movements (DPARMs) were tested using the paired t‐test or Wilcoxon signed rank test.ResultsIn the anteroposterior direction, posterior root movements of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were poorly achieved (3.24–5.74 mm DPARMs, p < .05). In the vertical direction, roots of maxillary anterior teeth achieved greater intrusion (0.70–0.93 mm DPARMs, p < .05), while those of mandibular incisors achieved less intrusion (0.57–0.65 mm DPARMs, p < .05) than predicted. In the mediolateral direction, lateral incisor roots did not move distally (−0.65 to −0.96 mm DPARMs, p < .05), while those of canines did not move buccally, compared with the prediction (−0.75 mm DPARMs, p < .05).ConclusionsIn the four first‐premolar extraction treatments with Invisalign, root movements were not achieved as predicted, particularly for anterior teeth in the anteroposterior direction.
Generalised models of the vertebrate eye
Authors: Rozema Jos J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo present a set of closed‐form analytical equations to create a consistent eye model balance based on clinically measured input parameters in a single step. These models complement the existing iterative approaches in the literature.MethodsTwo different approaches are presented, both considering the cornea and lens as equivalent thin lenses. The first, called the Gaussian model, starts by defining the refractive error as the difference between the axial power (or dioptric distance) and the whole eye power, which can be expanded by filling in the formulas for each power. The resulting equation can be solved for either the refractive error, axial length, corneal power, lens power or the distance between the cornea and the lens as a function of the other four parameters. The second approach uses vergence calculations to provide alternative expressions, assuming that the refractive error is located at the corneal plane. Both models are explored for a biometric range typically found in adult human eyes.ResultsThe Gaussian and vergence models each instantly balance the input data into a working eye model over the human physiological range and far beyond as demonstrated in various examples. The equations of the Gaussian model are more complicated, while the vergence model experiences more singularities, albeit in trivial or highly unlikely parameter combinations.ConclusionsThe proposed equations form a flexible and robust platform to create eye models from clinical data. Possible applications lie in creating animal eye models or providing a generic reference for real biometric data and the relationships between the ocular dimensions.
Multiportal Arthroscopy‐assisted Surgical Resection of Diffuse‐type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors in the Ankle Joint Yields Favorable Clinical Outcomes: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Jiayao , Yao Lei , Sun Yiyuan , Li Junqiao , Hu Yunan , Chen Kunhao , Cai Wufeng , Zhang Chenghao , Li Jian , Li Qi 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveDiffuse‐type tenosynovial giant cell tumors (Dt‐TGCTs) commonly occur in the knee joint and tend to recur postoperatively. However, limited clinical data are available on ankle joint involvement especially associated multiportal arthroscopic treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical results of multiportal arthroscopy‐assisted resection of Dt‐TGCTs of the ankle.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 33 patients with Dt‐TGCT of the ankle who underwent multiportal arthroscopic treatment between August 2011 and December 2020. Clinical follow‐up included the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, Kofoed score, and recurrence rate to assess surgical outcomes. The number of patients who achieved the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) based on the AOFAS score was also examined. Additionally, the patients were categorized into two groups based on the final surgical approach: Group A who underwent multiportal arthroscopic synovectomy and Group AO who underwent combined arthroscopic and open surgical excision. Intergroup comparisons were conducted. Intraoperative characteristics, such as the number of patients with involvement of the tarsal tunnel and fibularis tendon and the Outerbridge grading of cartilage damage, were recorded to assess the selection of surgical procedures.ResultsAmong the 33 patients, 15 were assigned to Group A, and 18 were in Group AO. The median follow‐up duration for the 33 patients was 77 months (range, 28–142 months). The median VAS score was 1 (range, 0–4), the AOFAS score was 96 (range, 65–100), and the Kofoed score was 96 (range, 67–100). A total of 27 patients (82%) achieved PASS based on AOFAS scores, while five patients (15%) had recurrence. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in recurrence rate, follow‐up VAS score, AOFAS score, Kofoed score, or number of patients who reached the PASS (p > 0.05). In the AO group, 16 cases of Dt‐TGCT involved the tarsal tunnel, and 11 cases involved the fibularis tendon. All these patients exhibited extension beyond the joint. In contrast, only one patient in Group A had involvement of the tarsal tunnel. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that, with the assistance of a multiportal arthroscopic approach, surgical excision of Dt‐TGCT in the ankle resulted in favorable clinical outcomes with a relatively low recurrence rate. Additionally, patients with extra‐articular involvement were more likely to require concomitant open surgery.
The Application of Bidirectional Rapid Reductor in Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for the Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fractures: A Case Series
Authors: Wu Penghuan , Yang Na , Wu Qiang , Zheng Zhanle , Zhang Yingze 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveRapid and effective reduction is difficult for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) surgery. This study aims to introduce a bidirectional rapid reductor (BRR) designed to assist in the reduction during MIPO surgery for proximal humeral fractures (PHFs).MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted between June 2021 and February 2022 in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, involving patients diagnosed with PHFs. A detailed technical approach of BRR in MIPO surgery was described, and the patients' outcomes based on postoperative radiographic results including x‐ray postoperative follow‐up, and clinical outcome parameters including visual analogue scale (VAS) and constant‐Murley score at last follow‐up were reported.ResultsA total of 12 patients were included in this study, comprising three males and nine females, with an average age of 67.58 years. The mean operative time was 70.92 min (range 63–80 min). The mean blood loss was 102.27 mL (range 50–300 mL). The mean VAS and constant‐Murley scores at final follow‐up were 0.33 and 88, respectively. All patients had their fractures healed without secondary displacement at last follow‐up. One patient experienced shoulder stiffness post‐operation. There were no adverse events or complications following the use of this technique, such as acromion fracture, nerve or blood vessel injury.ConclusionThe BRR can assist MIPO for good reduction of PHFs. However, the efficacy should be validated with a large‐sample randomized controlled trial and longer follow‐up.
Climate change from the Asia‐Pacific perspective: What an allergist needs to know and do
Authors: Zain Amanda , Yeo Inez , Wong Lydia , Shek Lynette P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAllergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies are a burgeoning health challenge in the Asia‐Pacific region. Compounding this, the region has become increasingly susceptible to the impacts of climate change. The region has weathered extreme precipitation, intense heat waves, and dust storms over the recent decades. While the effects of environmental and genetic factors on allergic diseases are well understood, prevailing gaps in understanding the complex interactions between climate change and these factors remain. We aim to provide insights into the various pathways by which climate change influences allergic diseases in the Asia‐Pacific population. We outline practical steps that allergists can take to reduce the carbon footprint of their practice on both a systemic and patient‐specific level. We recommend that allergists optimize disease control to reduce the resources required for each patient's care, which contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. We encourage the responsible prescription of metered dose inhalers by promoting the switch to dry powder inhalers for certain patients, at each clinician's discretion. We also recommend the utilization of virtual consultations to reduce patient travel while ensuring that evidence‐based guidelines for rational allergy management are closely adhered to. Finally, eliminating unnecessary testing and medications will also reduce greenhouse gas emissions in many areas of medical care.image