bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A universal machine learning framework to automatically identify high‐performance covalent organic framework membranes for CH4/H2 separation
Authors: Qiu Yong , Chen Letian , Zhang Xu , Ping Dehai , Tian Yun , Zhou Zhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA universal machine learning framework is proposed to predict and classify membrane performance efficiently and accurately, achieved by combining classical density functional theory and string method. Through application of this framework, we conducted high‐throughput computations under industrial conditions, utilizing an extensive database containing nearly 70,000 covalent organic framework (COF) structures for CH4/H2 separation. The best‐performing COF identified surpasses the materials reported in the previously documented MOF and COF databases, exhibiting an impressive adsorption selectivity for CH4/H2 exceeding 82 and a membrane selectivity reaching as high as 248. More impressively, some of the best candidates identified from this framework have been verified through previous experimental works. Furthermore, the automated machine learning framework and its corresponding scoring system not only enable rapid identification of promising membrane materials from a vast material space but also contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the governing mechanisms that determine separation performance.
Validity of an expert‐based job exposure matrix of hand‐wrist physical exposures and their prospective associations with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Petersen Jonathan Aavang , Lund Christina Bach , Flachs Esben Meulengracht , Petersen Rolf , Mikkelsen Sigurd , Thomsen Jane Frølund 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies of occupational risk factors for rare disorders require large study populations with adequate exposure estimates. Job exposure matrices (JEMs) linked to national information on standardized job titles may enable such large studies. We aimed to establish and validate a JEM for occupational hand‐wrist exposures that could be linked to Danish national register data on job titles and hand‐wrist disorders.MethodsWe developed a JEM for hand‐wrist repetition, force, vibration, and computer work in 96 job groups covering 91% of the 2227 occupational titles in the Danish version of the International Standard Classification of Occupation‐88, and examined inter‐rater reliability of five expert ratings. Poisson regression models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios for the association of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with the level of repetitive movements, force, vibration, and hours of computer work described by the JEM, adjusted for relevant confounders.ResultsThe JEM based on expert ratings had fair to good interrater reliability. The incidence of CTS increased with increasing levels of force, hand‐wrist repetition, and vibration, Exposure‐response patterns for repetition and vibration became less consistent after adjustment for force. The interaction between repetition and force was complex and did not support an overall positive interaction. Computer work was negatively associated with incident CTS.ConclusionThe JEM was able to identify known risk factors for CTS consistent with current evidence, and provided further associations on exposure‐response patterns, mutual exposure adjustment, and interaction effects between repetition and force. The reliability of expert assessments of hand‐wrist physical exposures was fair to good.
Experimental study on sloshing mechanical characteristics in a partially filled storage tank
Authors: Zhao Peng , Xue Wenlong , Yang Yunfang , Liu Zhan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDue to excellent performance, hydrogen is treated as the most promising energy carrier. However, during the storage of liquid hydrogen, there are still some thorny issues that need to be addressed urgently, such as fluid thermal stratification and sloshing phenomenon. To efficiently grasp fluid sloshing mechanical characteristics, a simple visual sloshing experiment rig was established by using a rectangle transparent water vessel. The variations of the interface shape and the impact force during sloshing were monitored and analyzed. The effects of sloshing frequency, horizontal acceleration, and initial liquid height on fluid sloshing mechanical mechanism were investigated. The results show that when the external sloshing excitation is close to the first order natural frequency, obvious interface fluctuation and large amplitude sloshing force variation are observed. The present work is of significance to strengthen the understanding of fluid sloshing mechanical performance and may lay a solid foundation for fluid sloshing suppression and long‐term storage of cryogenic fuels.
The Relative Importance of the Contrast and Assimilation Effects in Decisions Under Risk
Authors: Heilprin Eden , Erev Ido 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPast research on decisions under risk has documented two contradictory context effects: the contrast effect, where risk preferences in “target” tasks diverge from those in previous “surrounding” tasks, and the assimilation effect that implies the opposite bias. We present four web experiments (three preregistered) that clarify the conditions determining the relative prominence of these opposing effects. Our experiments focus on choice patterns in “target” tasks where participants choose between the status quo and a risky mixed gamble with an expected value of zero. Study 1 examines the impact of surroundings that differ from the target task with respect to the expected benefit from risk‐taking. The findings reveal a strong contrast effect: Decreasing the attractiveness of risk‐taking in the surrounding tasks increased the risk‐taking rate in the target tasks from 53.2% to 79.7%. Study 2 investigates the impact of surroundings that differ in the payoff domain. The findings indicate a strong assimilation effect: Decreasing the attractiveness of risk‐taking in the surrounding tasks decreased the risk‐taking rate in the target tasks from 74.7% to 36.5%. Additionally, the results revealed unpredicted and robust reversed loss aversion patterns which Studies 3 and 4 further clarify. Our findings (1) suggest that the isolated within‐task computations assumed by leading descriptive models overlook substantial contextual considerations, (2) clarify the factors determining the impact of the contrast and assimilation effects in decisions under risk, and (3) provide a theoretical framework for making useful predictions in various scenarios.
Adaptivity or agency? Educational technology design for conceptual learning of materials science
Authors: Nigon Nutnicha , Tucker Julie D. , Ekstedt Thomas W. , Jeong Brandon C. , Simionescu Dana C. , Koretsky Milo D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs the use of computers in education increases, adaptive learning platforms are becoming more common. However, these adaptive systems are typically designed to support acquisition of declarative knowledge and/or procedural fluency but rarely address conceptual learning. In this work, we developed the Crystallography Adaptive Learning Module (CALM) for materials science to provide students a tool for individualized conceptual learning. We used a randomized quasi‐experimental design comparing two instructional designs with different levels of computer‐provided direction and student agency. Undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of two different instructional designs; one design had students complete an individualized, adaptive path using the CALM (N = 80), and the other gave students the freedom to explore CALM's learning resources but with limited guidance (N = 85). Within these two designs, we also investigated students among different cumulative grade point average (GPA) groups. While there was no statistically significant difference in the measure of conceptual understanding between instructional designs or among the groups with the same GPA, there is evidence to suggest the CALM improves conceptual understanding of students in the middle GPA group. Students using CALM also showed increased participation with the interactive learning videos compared to the other design. The number of videos watched in each instructional condition aligns with overall academic performance as the low GPA group received the most assigned supplements but watched the least videos by choice. This study provides insight for technology developers on how to develop educational adaptive technology systems that provide a proper level of student agency to promote conceptual understanding in challenging STEM topics.
Prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV combined with cervical pathological results in women from Sichuan, China: A cross‐sectional study based on post‐vaccination period 2019 to 2023
Authors: Mo Bangzhu , Ye Yuanxin , Yu Maowen , Tong Xianli , Cao Hongmei , Du Chunmei , Luo Jiangrong , Xie Chunbao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) screening and vaccination exert efficacy in controlling the progression of cervical cancer. Thus, examinations into HPV prevalence, age‐stratified specificity, genotype distribution, and their correlation with pathological outcomes can furnish robust evidence for customizing high‐quality population screening and management.MethodsA cohort of 17,923 women attending clinics in the Jintang area, Sichuan, from January 2019 through August 2023 were enrolled in the study. Genotyping of HPV was conducted using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The epidemiology and the relationship between HPV infection and histologic/cytologic abnormalities were subjected to analysis.ResultsHPV infection was identified in 4387 women. The outpatient group exhibited a significantly higher HPV infection rate compared to the healthy examination group (26.5% vs. 17.5%, p < 0.05). The distribution of infection rates across different age groups exhibited a U‐shaped pattern, with the highest infection rate in the group ≤20 years of age, succeeded by those >60 years of age. The 31–40 age group demonstrated the lowest prevalence of infection, but upon infection, its prevalence of the precancerous lesion CIN2‐3 reached a maximum of 29.0%, constituting a novel finding. The most prevalent genotype was HPV52, followed by HPV16, 58, 53, 68, and 18. In the cytologic and histologic abnormalities group, the most common types were HPV52, 16, and 58. HPV16 predominantly appeared in high‐grade intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma in situ, constituting over 60% of cases. While HPV type 52 was not individually detected in cervical cancer cases. And some other non‐vaccine‐covered HPV subtypes also showed high prevalence in Sichuan. The single infection rates of NH9‐HPV (high‐risk HPV subtypes covered by the non‐nine‐valent vaccine) in CIN2‐3 and cervical cancer patients were 6.5% and 2.6%, respectively. Among them, HPV51, HPV53, HPV59, and HPV35 exhibited a significant preponderance, which even higher than HPV45 and HPV31 covered by the nine‐valent vaccine types. And in NL9‐HPV (low‐risk HPV subtypes covered by the non‐nine‐valent vaccine), HPV42 accounted for the highest percentage in CIN2‐3. A similar decreasing trend was observed in annual infection rates in the healthy examination population and in the 31–40 and 51–60 age groups, while the ≤20 age group showed an increase. Regarding type‐specificity, HPV16 and HPV58 exhibited the most rapid declines.ConclusionThis study furnishes the latest insights into the characteristics of HPV infection rate, age distribution, and genotype prevalence in Sichuan.
Birth cohort and social change decreased quality of life among older adults: A cross‐temporal meta‐analysis, 1999–2017
Authors: Zhao Zhang , Wan Rui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractQuality of life (QoL) has become an essential goal of contemporary healthcare and protective psychological resources. Individual life expectancy has increased with improved social progress, healthcare, nutrition and advanced health‐related technologies. However, research often overlooks the significant impact of social change and generational effects on the QoL of the ageing population. As people age, optimising opportunities for health, participation and safety to improve QoL has become crucial for society, policymakers and researchers. This study utilised a cross‐temporal meta‐analysis to investigate changes in the QoL among older adults from 1999 to 2017. Fifty two studies (N = 34,844) that used the Brief Health Status Survey Scale (SF‐36) were analysed. Direct and lagged correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationship between changes in the QoL of older adults and the macro social environment. The findings showed that QoL decreased by 7.94 points (d = −0.50) over the past 18 years. Economic status, social connectedness, and general threats were significant predictors of declining QoL among older adults. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
The metaverse experience: A scale development study
Authors: Mingione Michela , Mattia Giovanni , Materia Margherita , Pedeliento Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the metaverse experience (MEX) is paramount to allow companies to exploit its potential and to align with consumers' expectations. Accordingly, this paper develops a scale to identify the main dimensions that define the MEX as well as investigate which constituent dimensions of the MEX are more suited to enhance consumers' attitude toward the metaverse, a key element to foster consumers' exploratory behavior. By drawing on a research design based on multiple stages including qualitative and quantitative data and analysis, this paper develops a measure of the MEX that includes six dimensions: sensory/affective, intellectual, behavioral, relational, interoperability, and safety. The dimensions of intellectual, behavioral, and relational experience were found non‐significant showing that the MEX is built on the experiential dimensions of sensory/emotional, interoperability, and safety. These dimensions were also found to directly affect consumers' attitude toward the metaverse. The paper contributes to current discussion of the metaverse by offering the first tested and reliable scale to measure the MEX.
Single‐center experience with self‐expanding transcatheter aortic valve system for symptomatic high‐risk patients with severe aortic regurgitation: One‐year outcomes
Authors: Kong Xiang‐Quan , Zhang Juan , Gao Xiao‐Fei , Wang Zhi‐Mei , Ye Peng , Zhang Jun‐Jie , Chen Shao‐Liang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for the treatment of aortic regurgitation (AR).MethodsFrom September 2019 to February 2022, 62 patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI procedure for pure, symptomatic severe AR with the VitaFlow system were enrolled in the current study. The outcomes were assessed according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 criteria. Procedural results and clinical outcomes for 1 year were analyzed.ResultsThe mean age was 71.56 ± 7.34 years and 58.1% were male. The mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 5.44 ± 3.22%. The device success rate was 79.0%. Only one patient was converted to open surgery. The in‐hospital mortality rate was 1.6%. The 1‐year all‐cause mortality rate was 6.5%. The new permanent pacemaker implantation rate was 29.0% in‐hospital and 30.7% at 1‐year follow‐up. The second valve implantation rate was 14.5%. No patient developed more than moderate paravalvular leakage during follow‐up. The mean ejection fraction improved from 54.05 ± 10.83% at baseline to 59.32 ± 8.70% (p < 0.001 compared with baseline) at 12 months. Left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter decreased from 61.62 ± 5.58 mm at baseline to 55.20 ± 4.51 mm (p < 0.001 compared with the baseline) at 12 months.ConclusionsTransfemoral TAVI procedure shows efficacy in treating patients with severe pure native AR. The safety is improved with the development of the VitaFlow system.
Three‐year outcomes of contemporary endovascular treatment in over 25‐cm femoropopliteal artery disease from a retrospective multicenter registry: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Horie Kazunori , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Nakama Tatsuya , Tanaka Akiko , Tobita Kazuki , Hayakawa Naoki , Mori Shinsuke , Iwata Yo , Suzuki Kenji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundEndovascular therapy (EVT) is often performed for diffuse femoropopliteal lesions. This study investigated 3‐year patency and clinical outcomes in patients with EVT‐treated femoropopliteal lesions >25 cm.MethodsThis retrospective multicenter registry analyzed patients who presented with lower extremity artery disease having femoropopliteal lesions >25 cm who underwent EVT between 2017 and 2021. The primary outcome was restenosis 3 years after EVT.ResultsOverall, 504 patients with 614 lesions undergoing EVT for diffuse femoropopliteal lesions were enrolled. The prevalence of restenosis was 184.3 per 1000 lesion‐years. Kaplan–Meier estimate of freedom from restenosis was 58.6% at 3 years. In the multivariate Poisson regression model, female sex (adjusted incidence risk ratio: 1.54; p = 0.003), cilostazol use (0.44; p < 0.001), revascularization history (1.87; p = 0.001), P3 involvement (2.09; p < 0.001), and reference vessel diameter <5 mm (1.88; p < 0.001) were associated independently with restenosis risk. The accumulation of these factors was associated with a lower rate of freedom from restenosis; the Kaplan–Meier estimates of the rates were 49.3% and 22.4% in the subgroups with two and more risk factors, respectively, while they were 81.1% in patients without any risk factors and 70.3% in those with one risk factor.ConclusionsFemale sex, nonuse of cilostazol, revascularization history, P3 involvement, and small vessels were associated with high restenosis risk after EVT for diffuse femoropopliteal lesions. Although patients with multiple risk factors have a low patency rate, EVT offers an acceptable patency rate for those with fewer risk factors.
Aberrant origin of the left coronary artery from the right coronary sinus with a common orifice with the right coronary artery
Authors: Ataya Jamal , Alkhattab Boushra , Alibrahim Nabeha Haytham , Shalaby Somar 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn patients with anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery, accurate classification is essential for effective management. Despite surgical refusal, successful stenting and medication can lead to favorable outcomes. Regular monitoring ensures ongoing cardiac health.AbstractCoronary artery anomalies, including anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva, are rare occurrences with varying clinical significance. Accurate classification of these anomalies is crucial for determining their implications and guiding management. A 50‐year‐old man presented with chest pain and was diagnosed with an anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery. Despite refusing surgery, successful stenting and medication led to a favorable outcome. Regular monitoring is scheduled. Accurate classification of coronary anomalies, such as the left main coronary artery anomaly described, is vital for effective management. Even when surgical intervention is declined, alternative treatments, such as stenting, can be successful. Regular monitoring ensures ongoing cardiac health.
A Non‐Linear Model for Multiple Alcohol Intakes and Optimal Designs Strategies
Authors: Mariñas‐Collado Irene , Rodríguez‐Díaz Juan M. , Santos‐Martín M. Teresa 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis study addresses the complex dynamics of alcohol elimination in the human body, very important in forensic and healthcare areas. Existing models often oversimplify with the assumption of linear elimination kinetics, limiting practical application. This study presents a novel non‐linear model for estimating blood alcohol concentration after multiple intakes. Initially developed for two different alcohol incorporations, it can be straightforwardly extended to the case of more intakes. Emphasising the significance of accurate parameter estimation, the research underscores the importance of precise experimental design, utilising optimal experimental design (OED) methodologies. Sensitivity analysis of model coefficients and the determination of D‐optimal designs, considering correlation structures among observations, reveal a strong linear relationship between support points. This relationship can be used to obtain nearly optimal designs that are highly efficient and much easier to compute.
Induction of apoptosis by oridonin in nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma cells
Authors: Chen Hui‐Tong , Yuan Xing‐Yi , Wang Zhong‐Yu , Fan Dong , Luo Xiong‐Ming , Yang Jun‐Hua , Ma Yu‐Xin , Liu Jing , Wang Xin , Wang Zong‐Ming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) is one of the major subtypes of pituitary adenomas (PA) and its primary treatment is surgical resection. However, normal surgery fails to remove lesions completely and there remains in lack of frontline treatment, so the development of new drugs for NFPA is no doubt urgent. Oridonin (ORI) has been reported to have antitumor effects on a variety of tumors, but whether it could exhibit the same effect on NFPA requires to be further investigated. The effects of ORI on pituitary‐derived folliculostellate cell line (PDFS) cell viability, colony formation, proliferation ability, migration, and invasion were examined by Cell Counting Kit‐8, colony formation assay, 5‑Ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine proliferation assay, wound‐healing assay, and Transwell assay. The differentially expressed genes in the control and ORI‐treated groups were screened by transcriptome sequencing analysis and analyzed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment. Cell cycle analysis was performed to detect changes in cell cycle. Annexin V‐fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining was performed to detect apoptosis in ORI‐treated cells. Western blot assay was performed to detect Bax, Bcl‐2, and cleaved Caspase‐3 protein expression. ORI inhibited PDFS cell viability and significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. GO and KEGG results showed that ORI was associated with signaling pathways such as cell cycle and apoptosis in PDFS cells. In addition, ORI blocked cells in G2/M phase and induced apoptosis in PDFS cells. ORI can trigger cell cycle disruption and apoptosis collaboratively in PDFS cells, making it a promising and effective agent for NFPA therapy.