bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landscape context and wetland attributes influence wintering waterbirds in important bird and biodiversity areas: implications for conservation and management
Authors: Hamza Foued , Abdi Abdulhakim M. , Chokri Mohamed-Ali , Yacoubi Lamia , Dlensi Habib , Hammouda Naoufel , Ghlis Abdenaceur , Jemaa Badreddine , Elghoul Marwa , Hedhili Ahlem , Hanane Saâd 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Context
The intensification and expansion of human activities have caused profound changes in global wetlands and their associated aquatic bird communities. Understanding the mechanisms that drive the spatial assemblages of wetland birds is important for the development of effective conservation and management strategies.

Objectives
The overall objective was to evaluate the influence of wetland features such as size and distance to the nearest coastline, and landscape composition, configuration, and function in shaping waterbird richness and abundance in 43 Tunisian Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs).

Methods
Systematic waterbird surveys on species abundance and richness at each IBA were carried out between December and January in 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. Satellite remote sensing indices were used to map wetlands and characterize the vegetation condition in the landscape surrounding them. Landscape metrics were used to describe the habitat configuration around the wetlands.

Results
Our results show that landscape composition, configuration and function have significant effects on waterbirds (i.e., shorebirds, waterfowl, wading birds, and open-water birds). We found that wetland surface area and distance to the coast were important factors influencing the richness and abundance of waterbirds. Our results also indicate that landscape diversity is an important predictor of waterbird richness and abundance, and that there is a significant interaction between wetland surface area and distance to the nearest wetland in explaining the richness and abundance of waterbirds.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that the richness and abundance of waterbirds are robustly dependent on the interaction between wetland surface area and distance to the nearest wetland. Furthermore, local wetland characteristics (wetland surface area and distance to the nearest coastline), landscape composition (forest area and urban area), landscape configuration (spatial heterogeneity), and landscape function (maximum and minimum NDVI), significantly affect wintering waterbird communities. This study also highlights the importance of large and connected wetlands in conserving various bird communities in Tunisian IBAs and provides recommendations for their conservation and sustainable management.
Understanding the Phenomenon of High Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA) Responsible for Ferrito-Pearlitic Steels Damage
Authors: Chevreux N. , Flament C. , Gillia O. , David T. , Goti R. , Le Nevé C. , Andrieu E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on the fine characterization of steels commonly used in the petrochemical industry damaged by the phenomenon of high temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA). The study was conducted in two steps. To begin with, a damaged 0.5-Mo pearlitic steel from the petroleum refineries, submitted to HTHA for decades, was characterized in detail using multiscale electron microscopy techniques. As part of an upstream study to better understand the onset and the growth of cavities, a brand new SA516 grade 60 low carbon–manganese steel was subsequently exposed to accelerated HTHA conditions through interrupted cycles carried out in autoclaves and then examined. Numerous cavities, plausibly filled with methane, were noticed in both materials. These cavities were mostly located at ferrite–pearlite grain boundaries along carbides and at triple grain boundaries near large carbides. The 0.5-Mo pearlitic steel showed cavities reaching significant sizes, up to 1 µm, but surprisingly no cracks were observed in the depth of the pipe. The major outcome is that 3D focused ion beam–scanning electron microscopy combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses unveiled different natures of precipitates as well as in and nearby HTHA cavities for both 0.5-Mo and low carbon–manganese steels. Inclusions, likely AlN, but also Mo- and Cu-rich precipitates were observed in cavities of the industrial steel. These results confirmed a previous study performed on a similar industrial steel that drew a possible correlation between cavities nucleation and the intersection of transgranular inclusion-enriched plane with a grain boundary or carbides in pearlite grains (Flament in Microscopy and Microanalysis 28:1602–1604, 2022).
Wholesale Pricing with Asymmetric Information About the Quality of a Private Label
Authors: Paha Johannes 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article derives the optimal wholesale tariff that is proposed by the monopolistic manufacturer of a branded product to a monopolistic retailer if the retailer also sells a private label whose quality is unobserved by the brand manufacturer. The focus is on market-share contracts where the manufacturer controls the quantities of both products. To learn the quality of the private label and diminish the retailer’s information rent, it distorts the quantity of the branded product downwards and that of the private label upwards. The manufacturer can control the quantity of the private label if it combines an excess payment with an end-of-year repayment.
Co-response and homelessness: the SEPTA transit police SAVE experiment
Authors: Ratcliffe Jerry H. , Wight Hayley 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
We test the benefit of adding an outreach specialist to a dedicated police team tasked with helping the vulnerable community in the transit system move to treatment or shelter.

Methods
For a year, officer shifts were randomized to determine when they were accompanied by an outreach specialist. One hundred and fifty-eight in-depth treatment conversations regarding treatment or shelter with 165 vulnerable people were assessed for whether they were subsequently transported to a suitable facility.

Results
Likelihood of an individual in a treatment conversation with a specialist and a police officer being transported to a facility was 29% greater than the likelihood for an individual talking with only a police officer; however, this finding was not statistically significant.

Conclusions
With the outcome of getting vulnerable people (mainly people experiencing homelessness) to accept transportation to a shelter or treatment facility, the co-responder model did not significantly outperform the effect of specially trained police officers working independently of the outreach specialist.
Energy security and its determinants in New Zealand
Authors: Solaymani Saeed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNew Zealand relies on imported fossil fuels for about 38% of its primary energy. The country’s energy demand is expected to grow due to population and economic growth, which will put more pressure on the energy system. Besides, resource scarcity, energy price volatility, and environmental challenges have made energy security a major concern for New Zealand and other countries. Given the lack of significant research on the effects of energy security factors in New Zealand, this study aims to shed light on the primary determinants of energy security using the dynamic autoregressive distributed lag method based on time series data from 1978 to 2021. The study found that a long-run link exists between energy security and energy intensity (energy efficiency), renewable energy use, fossil fuel consumption, and global oil prices. Real GDP, renewable energy consumption, and energy security were found to improve energy security, while fossil fuel consumption and world oil prices had a negative impact. The study also revealed a one-way causality from real GDP, fossil fuel consumption, and renewable energy use to energy security. In contrast, the relationship between energy intensity and energy security is bidirectional. Simulation results showed that global crude oil prices have a lower impact on energy security compared to other variables and are most responsive to a 5% shock in fossil fuel consumption, followed by economic growth.
A comparative study of worm-sludge treatment reed bed planted with Phragmites australis and Arundo donax in the Mediterranean region
Authors: Gholipour Amir , Fragoso Rita , Galvão Ana , Duarte Elizabeth 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSludge treatment reed bed planted (STRB) with Phragmites australis (P.australis) and Arundo donax (A.donax) was assessed in the presence of Eisenia fetida under control condition during the dry season. Worm-planted units were fed with mixed sewage sludge (dry and volatile solids of 29.44 g DS.L−1 and 24.23 g VS.L−1). Sludge loading rates (SLR) of 50, 60, and 70 kg DS m−2 year−1 were examined to assess dewatering efficiency. Surface layers in units with P.australis and A.donax achieved DS of 80 and 81% at a loading rate of 50 kg DS m−2 year−1, while their subsurface DS were 41 and 25%, respectively. Units with A.donax experienced plant loss when subjected to SLR exceeding 60 kg DS m−2 year−1. More than 10 cm of residual sludge accumulated on the top of units after a 2-month final rest. Evapotranspiration was greater in the unit with P.australis (5.23 mm day−1) compared to the unit with A.donax (4.24 mm day−1) while both were fed with 70 kg DS m−2 year−1. Water loss contributions from residual sludge layer, drained water, and evapotranspiration were 3, 46, and 51%, respectively. Units with P.australis indicated 20% higher water loss compared to units with A.donax. Although the drained water quality improved over time, it did not meet standard limits. The residual sludge layer contained macro and micronutrients, and heavy metals with a significant elemental order of N > Ca > P > S > mg > K (N:P:K = 31:8:1), Fe > Na > B > Mn > Mo and Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd. Overall, STRB could be a sustainable alternative technology to conventional sewage sludge management techniques.
Graphical Abstract
Artificial intelligence methods available for cancer research
Authors: Murmu Ankita , Győrffy Balázs 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCancer is a heterogeneous and multifaceted disease with a significant global footprint. Despite substantial technological advancements for battling cancer, early diagnosis and selection of effective treatment remains a challenge. With the convenience of large-scale datasets including multiple levels of data, new bioinformatic tools are needed to transform this wealth of information into clinically useful decision-support tools. In this field, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies with their highly diverse applications are rapidly gaining ground. Machine learning methods, such as Bayesian networks, support vector machines, decision trees, random forests, gradient boosting, and K-nearest neighbors, including neural network models like deep learning, have proven valuable in predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic studies. Researchers have recently employed large language models to tackle new dimensions of problems. However, leveraging the opportunity to utilize AI in clinical settings will require surpassing significant obstacles—a major issue is the lack of use of the available reporting guidelines obstructing the reproducibility of published studies. In this review, we discuss the applications of AI methods and explore their benefits and limitations. We summarize the available guidelines for AI in healthcare and highlight the potential role and impact of AI models on future directions in cancer research.
Timed Thermodynamic Process Model Applied to Submerged Arc Welding Modified by Aluminium-Assisted Metal Powder Alloying
Authors: Coetsee Theresa , De Bruin Frederik Johannes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn EERZ (effective equilibrium reaction zone) model was applied to the modified SAW (submerged arc welding) process to simulate the SAW process metallurgy in the gas-slag-metal reaction system. The SAW process was modified by adding Al as a de-oxidizer with alloying metal powders of Cr, Cu, and Ti. The static gas-slag-metal equilibrium model can accurately calculate the weld metal oxygen content (ppm O) for conventional SAW but not for the modified SAW process. The static equilibrium model overpredicts the reaction of Al. EERZ model runs were made for 2000–2500°C because this is the reported temperature range in the SAW arc cavity. The weld metal composition was adequately calculated, especially the weld metal ppm O, at the following effective equilibrium temperatures: 2400°C for Al-Cr additions, 2200°C for Al-Cr-Cu additions, and 2000°C for Al-Cr-Cu-Ti additions. Model results show that Ti metal powder can serve a de-oxidizer role in the presence of Al, resulting in Ti loss to the slag. Ti is also lost to the gas phase as TiF3(g) and TiF2(g) compared to little loss of Cr to the gas phase as Cr(g) and CrO to the slag phase.
Proton Therapy in The Treatment of Head And Neck Cancers- Review
Authors: Bała Kamila , Samovich Yana , Dorobisz Karolina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Head and neck cancers rank as the seventh most common cancer worldwide, nearly half of which result in death. The most common treatment methods for head and neck cancers include radiotherapy and surgery. Proton therapy has emerged in radiotherapy for cases where tumors are located near anatomically sensitive areas where the radiation dose must be strictly limited. The purpose of the work is to discuss the role of the proton therapy in the treatment in various types of cancer, and particularly head and neck tumors.

Recent Findings
Proton therapy allows for the delivery of radiation doses to critical organs to be reduced, resulting in a decrease in the occurrence of late adverse effects on these organs. The occurrence of side effects caused by proton therapy depends on the relative and absolute volume of organs at risk receiving specific radiation doses.

Summary
Proton therapy represents a promising alternative to conventional radiotherapy due to the reduced number of complications in healthy tissues by delivering a lower radiation dose outside the tumor area.
Effects of Aging on Intrinsic Protein Disorder in Human Lenses and Zonules
Authors: Antonietti Michael , Kim Colin K. , Djulbegovic Mak B. , Gonzalez David J. Taylor , Greenfield Jason A. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Gibbons Allister G. , Karp Carol L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to compare the levels of intrinsic protein disorder within the human lens and zonule proteomes and investigate the role of aging as a potential influencing factor on disorder levels. A cross-sectional proteomic analysis was employed, utilizing a dataset of 1466 proteins derived from the lens and zonule proteomes previously published by Wang et al. and De Maria et al. Bioinformatics tools, including a composition profiler and a rapid intrinsic disorder analysis online tool, were used to conduct a comparative analysis of protein disorder. Statistical tests such as ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD, and chi-squared tests were applied to evaluate differences between groups. The study revealed distinct amino acid compositions for each proteome, showing a direct correlation between aging and increased protein disorder in the zonular proteomes, whereas the lens proteomes exhibited the opposite trend. Findings suggest that age-related changes in intrinsic protein disorder within the lens and zonule proteomes may be linked to structural transformations in these tissues. Understanding how protein disorder evolves with age could enhance knowledge of the molecular basis for age-related conditions such as cataracts and pseudoexfoliation, potentially leading to better therapeutic strategies.
Three Takes on Mad Hazard: The “Classics” as a Life Project, The Historiography of Sociology and its Methods, and the Democratic Rule of Law
Authors: Laiz Álvaro Morcillo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this contribution I turn Mad Hazard into a source of evidence for two types of experiences familiar to those on the margins of academia. The first type of experience is that those at the top of the academic ladder and their pawns, use peer review not to improve submissions but to fence off rival interpretations of highly valued authors and ideas. The second experience illustrates how academic elites ignore uncomfortable questions about the ways in which they became elites, especially about the role of funders in doing so. In addition to recounting these two experiences, I also draw on Mad Hazard to venture a brief foray into the complex question of how an author’s persona can affect his or her work, and more specifically, how this author, Turner, conducts conceptual analysis. I conclude on a more personal note, suggesting further topics for Stephen’s next memoir.
Exceptional point enhanced nanoparticle detection in deformed Reuleaux-triangle microcavity
Authors: Fei Jinhao , Zhang Xiaobei , Zhang Qi , Yang Yong , Wang Zijie , Deng Chuanlu , Huang Yi , Wang Tingyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a deformed Reuleaux-triangle resonator (RTR) to form exceptional point (EP) which results in the detection sensitivity enhancement of nanoparticle. After introducing single nanoparticle to the deformed RTR at EP, frequency splitting obtains an enhancement of more than 6 times compared with non-deformed RTR. In addition, EP induced a result that the far field pattern of chiral mode responses significantly to external perturbation, corresponding to the change in internal chirality. Therefore, single nanoparticle with far distance of more than 4000 nm can be detected by measuring the variation of far field directional emission. Compared to traditional frequency splitting, the far field pattern produced in deformed RTR provides a cost-effective and convenient path to detect single nanoparticle at a long distance, without using tunable laser and external coupler. Our structure indicates great potential in high sensitivity sensor and label-free detector.
Graphical Abstract
Boosting the Oxygen Reduction Performance of Fe–N–C Catalyst Using Zeolite as an Oxygen Reservoir
Authors: Liu Weihao , Liu Qingtao , Wan Xin , Shui Jianglan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNon-precious metal electrocatalysts (such as Fe–N–C materials) for the oxygen (O2) reduction reaction demand a high catalyst loading in fuel cell devices to achieve workable performance. However, the extremely low solubility of O2 in water creates severe mass transport resistance in the thick catalyst layer of Fe–N–C catalysts. Here, we introduce silicalite-1 nanocrystals with hydrophobic cavities as sustainable O2 reservoirs to overcome the mass transport issue of Fe–N–C catalysts. The extra O2 supply to the adjacent catalysts significantly alleviated the negative effects of the severe mass transport resistance. The hybrid catalyst (Fe–N–C@silicalite-1) achieved a higher limiting current density than Fe–N–C in the half-cell test. In the H2–O2 and H2–air proton exchange membrane fuel cells, Fe–N–C@silicalite-1 exhibited a 16.3% and 20.2% increase in peak power density compared with Fe–N–C, respectively. The O2-concentrating additive provides an effective approach for improving the mass transport imposed by the low solubility of O2 in water.
The Curious Ethnobotany of Alice Duncan-Kemp
Authors: Silcock Jennifer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhere rapid and violent colonization disrupted ancient lifeways, ethnographic sources can be used to reconstruct aspects of traditional life including ethnobotany. Such reconstructions can help connect people with their ancestral homelands and cultures and inform emerging native food and medicine ventures. Alice Duncan-Kemp sits within a small canon of white women writers who lived among Aboriginal people on the Australian pastoral frontier. Young Alice was cared for and taught by Mithaka and Karuwali people and recorded detailed ethnographic information. Her record is singular and intriguing but unscientific, difficult to verify and in some parts plagued by unacknowledged borrowing from other sources. Here I collate Alice Duncan-Kemp’s ethnobotanical writings from published and unpublished sources and attempt to identify taxa referenced through comparison with ethnobotanical sources from neighbouring areas and extensive field work. Alice Duncan-Kemp’s 885 ethnobotanical observations can be matched to 218 taxa or groups of taxa. They contain novel ethnobotanical information for over half of these plants and previously unrecorded names for around 150. Plants used for food and materials are broadly similar to other areas of the Australian arid zone; however, Alice Duncan-Kemp’s writings contain extensive novel and place-specific information on medicinal, indicator and ceremonial or mythological aspects of ethnobotany. A small portion of her writings, particularly in her later books, appears to have been borrowed from other sources and a couple of plants described do not occur in south-west Queensland. However, most of her ethnobotanical record appears to be a unique, detailed, and accurate account of human-plant relations in the Channel Country and contributes greatly to Mithaka ethnobotanical reconstructions and Australian ethnobotany more broadly.
Kirschner wire vs screw osteosynthesis of lateral condyle fractures in paediatric patients: a systematic review
Authors: Mostofi Zadeh Haghighi D. L. , Xu J. , Campbell R. , Moopanar T. R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis systematic review compares Kirschner wires versus a single cannulated screw for the treatment of lateral humeral condyle fractures in children. The purpose of this review is to review the current literature on fixation of lateral condyle fractures of the humerus, and to ascertain whether there is a difference in clinical outcomes of these fractures when fixated with K-wires vs screws. This systematic review of the literature comparing surgical management of paediatric (0–17 years of age) lateral condyle fractures with K-wire versus screw fixation was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic searches of three databases from inception to March 2022 yielded 17 studies which satisfied inclusion criteria, comprising 1,272 patients with a median age of 8.5 years. Eight hundred and fifty-five (67.2%) patients underwent K-wire fixation and 417 (32.8%) underwent screw fixation. Results were divided into comparative and single-arm studies. The median follow-up time was 23.3 months (range 3 months–22 years). A lateral prominence was observed in 114 (13.3%) patients with K-wires and 41 (9.8%) patients with a cannulated screw. An infection developed in 52 (6.1%) patients with K-wires, while only five (1.2%) patients with a screw developed an infection. A carrying angle deformity occurred in 61 (7.1%) patients with K-wires and seven (1.7%) patients with a screw. K-wires and cannulated screws are effective and safe methods of fixation for lateral humeral condyle fractures in children. K-wire fixation may have a greater incidence of infection but allows for safe non-operative removal and versatility with fractures of greater comminution, while screw fixation necessitates a second operation for removal following union.Level of Evidence III Systematic review.