bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field trapping of the flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) with different traps and volatile lures
Authors: Fürstenau Benjamin , Quero Carmen , Riba Josep Ma , Rosell Gloria , Guerrero Angel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus F. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is one of the primary pests of cork oak Quercus suber L. in the Mediterranean region causing great economic losses to the cork industry. Very little is known about its biology and behavior and, so far, no control measures have been established. We present the results of a pilot study aimed to develop an efficient trapping method for monitoring this harmful pest. In a 3‐year field study, purple‐colored prism traps baited with a mixture of green leaf volatiles (GLVs) from the host have been shown the most effective combination to catch C. undatus adults (solely females) compared to other trap and lure types tested. Wavelength and reflectance measurements revealed that purple traps exhibit reflectance peak values similar to those found in the abdominal and elytral cuticle of both sexes, suggesting the involvement of visual cues for mate location in this species. The data presented are the first to demonstrate captures of adults of the genus Coroebus by an attractant‐based trapping method.
Discovery and validation of genic single nucleotide polymorphisms in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Authors: Wang Jiafeng , Qi Haigang , Li Li , Que Huayong , Wang Di , Zhang Guofan 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe economic and ecological importance of the oyster necessitates further research on the molecular mechanisms, which both regulate the commercially important traits of the oyster and help it to survive in the variable marine environment. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been widely used to assess genetic variation and identify genes underlying target traits. In addition, high‐resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a potentially powerful method for validating candidate SNPs. In this study, we adopted a rapid and efficient pipeline for the screening and validation of SNPs in the genic region of Crassostrea gigas based on transcriptome sequencing and HRM analysis. Transcriptomes of three wild oyster populations were sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology. In total, 50–60 million short reads, corresponding to 4.5–5.4 Gbp, from each population were aligned to the oyster genome, and 5.8 × 105 SNPs were putatively identified, resulting in a predicted SNP every 47 nucleotides on average. The putative SNPs were unevenly distributed in the genome and high‐density (≥2%), nonsynonymous coding SNPs were enriched in genes related to apoptosis and responses to biotic stimuli. Subsequently, 1,671 loci were detected by HRM analysis, accounting for 64.7% of the total selected candidate primers, and finally, 1,301 polymorphic SNP markers were developed based on HRM analysis. All of the validated SNPs were distributed into 897 genes and located in 672 scaffolds, and 275 of these genes were stress inducible under unfavourable salinity, temperature, and exposure to air and heavy metals. The validated SNPs in this study provide valuable molecular markers for genetic mapping and characterization of important traits in oysters.
Do male and female patients with chronic neck pain really have different health‐related physical fitness, depression, anxiety and quality of life parameters?
Authors: Yalcinkaya Hatice , Ucok Kagan , Ulasli Alper M. , Coban Necip F. , Aydin Sedat , Kaya Idris , Akkan Gokhan , Tugrul Senay Tugba 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to investigate whole body physical fitness parameters such as maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), muscle strength, trunk flexibility, daily physical activity, pulmonary function, body composition, anxiety and depression, as well as other disease‐related changes in patients with chronic neck pain (CNP), and to compare them with healthy controls.MethodEighty patients (40 male, 40 female) with CNP and 80 (40 male, 40 female) controls were included in this study. VO2max, handgrip and back‐leg strengths, trunk flexibility, daily physical activity, pulmonary function test (PFT), body composition and pressure pain threshold (PPT) measurements were carried out. Neck disability index (NDI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI), and Short‐Form health survey (SF‐36) questionnaires were applied to all participants.ResultsHandgrip and back‐leg strengths and suboccipital and paraspinal‐C7 PPTs and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) were lower, and PSQI, BAI and BDI were higher, in female patients with CNP, compared to healthy controls; whereas, VO2max and HRQoL were lower, and body fat percantage and PSQI were higher, in male patients with CNP, compared to healthy controls. Trunk flexibility and PFT values were not significantly different between the patients and the controls in both genders.ConclusionWe suggest that, on the basis of gender, consideration of not only the neck region but also whole body physical fitness, anxiety and depression parameters in patients with CNP might be helpful to the development of more benefical strategies for illness management.
Allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for traffic safety
Authors: Vuurman E. F. P. M. , Vuurman L. L. , Lutgens I. , Kremer B. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 30% of the adult population and symptomatic patients continue to engage in daily life activities, including car driving. Previous studies have shown that AR can impair cognitive functions, especially during longer‐lasting tasks. Other reports suggest negative effects on psychomotor functions such as driving, but no clear evidence has been presented yet.ObjectivesPrimary objective was to determine the effect of AR per se on actual driving performance and compare it with the effects of treated AR.MethodsNineteen patients with documented AR history underwent a unique and validated 1‐h on‐the‐road driving test outside the pollen season. In a 4‐leg repeated measures design, patients underwent a nasal provocation test with either pollen or inactive control prior to the driving test. In the three conditions with pollen provocation, patients were pretreated with either cetirizine 10 mg, fluticasone furoate 27.5 μg, or placebo to alleviate the provoked AR symptoms.ResultsThe driving performance of patients when symptomatic and not treated was significantly impaired compared to the placebo condition. When engaging in a secondary memory task during driving, their performance deteriorated further. The magnitude of impairment was relevant and comparable to that seen at a blood alcohol level of 0.05%, the legal limit in many countries. Treatment of AR symptoms partially counteracted the effect of AR on driving.ConclusionsUntreated AR can impair driving ability and put patients at risk. Drug therapy reduces this impairment, and AR patients should therefore be advised to always treat their condition.
Year in Review, Public Anthropology, 2013: Webs of Meaning, Critical Interventions
Authors: Benson Peter 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this essay, I provide an overview of public anthropology from the year 2013, examining how anthropologists engaged public, socially relevant issues and brought anthropological understandings and expertise into public debates, conversations, and forums. In particular, I focus on the ways that the publication of anthropology is changing to reflect trends toward open‐access electronic publishing and new formats for scholarly and public discussion. I then highlight how anthropologists engaged with a set of specific issues and topics, including debates about same‐sex marriage in the United States; the trial of Efraín Ríos Montt, the former dictator of Guatemala who was tried and convicted of genocide last year; and the publication of a controversial new memoir by the anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon. Taken together, the sections of this essay disclose the significant ways that anthropologists have engaged with and contributed to public debates and contested issues.
Diverse mechanisms underlying the regulation of ion channels by carbon monoxide
Authors: Peers C , Boyle J P , Scragg J L , Dallas M L , Al‐Owais M M , Hettiarachichi N T , Elies J , Johnson E , Gamper N , Steele D S 
Published: May 2014

Carbon monoxide (CO) is firmly established as an important, physiological signalling molecule as well as a potent toxin. Through its ability to bind metal‐containing proteins, it is known to interfere with a number of intracellular signalling pathways, and such actions can account for its physiological and pathological effects. In particular, CO can modulate the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, NO and cGMP levels, as well as regulate MAPK signalling. In this review, we consider ion channels as more recently discovered effectors of CO signalling. CO is now known to regulate a growing number of different ion channel types, and detailed studies of the underlying mechanisms of action are revealing unexpected findings. For example, there are clear areas of contention surrounding its ability to increase the activity of high conductance, Ca2+‐sensitive K+ channels. More recent studies have revealed the ability of CO to inhibit T‐type Ca2+ channels and have unveiled a novel signalling pathway underlying tonic regulation of this channel. It is clear that the investigation of ion channels as effectors of CO signalling is in its infancy, and much more work is required to fully understand both the physiological and the toxic actions of this gas. Only then can its emerging use as a therapeutic tool be fully and safely exploited.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Pharmacology of the Gasotransmitters. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-6
CCDI: a new ligand that modulates mammalian type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1)
Authors: Tian Chengju , Shao Chun Hong , Padanilam Christina , Ezell Edward , Singh Jaipaul , Kutty Shelby , Bidasee Keshore R 
Published: May 2014

Background and PurposeRyanodine receptors (RyRs) are Ca2+‐release channels on the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum that modulate a wide array of physiological functions. Three RyR isoforms are present in cells: RyR1, RyR2 and RyR3. To date, there are no reports on ligands that modulate RyR in an isoform‐selective manner. Such ligands are not only valuable research tools, but could serve as intermediates for development of therapeutics.Experimental approachPyrrole‐2‐carboxylic acid and 1,3‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide were allowed to react in carbon tetrachloride for 24 h at low temperatures and pressures. The chemical structures of the two products isolated were elucidated using NMR spectrometry, mass spectrometry and elemental analyses. [3H]‐ryanodine binding, lipid bilayer and time‐lapsed confocal imaging were used to determine their effects on RyR isoforms.Key resultsThe major product, 2‐cyclohexyl‐3‐cyclohexylimino‐2, 3, dihydro–pyrrolo[1,2‐c]imidazol‐1‐one (CCDI) dose‐dependently potentiated Ca2+‐dependent binding of [3H]‐ryanodine to RyR1, with no significant effects on [3H]‐ryanodine binding to RyR2 or RyR3. CCDI also reversibly increased the open probability (Po) of RyR1 with minimal effects on RyR2 and RyR3. CCDI induced Ca2+ transients in C2C12 skeletal myotubes, but not in rat ventricular myocytes. This effect was blocked by pretreating cells with ryanodine. The minor product 2‐cyclohexyl‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c]imidazole‐1,3‐dione had no effect on either [3H]‐ryanodine binding or Po of RyR1, RyR2 and RyR3.Conclusions and implicationsA new ligand that preferentially modulates RyR1 was identified. In addition to being an important research tool, the pharmacophore of this small molecule could serve as a template for the synthesis of other isoform‐selective modulators of RyRs.
Rectification of impaired adipose tissue methylation status and lipolytic response contributes to hepatoprotective effect of betaine in a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Dou Xiaobing , Xia Yongliang , Chen Jing , Qian Ying , Li Songtao , Zhang Ximei , Song Zhenyuan 
Published: May 2014

Background and PurposeOveractive lipolysis in adipose tissue contributes to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD); however, the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. We previously reported that chronic alcohol consumption produces a hypomethylation state in adipose tissue. In this study we investigated the role of hypomethylation in adipose tissue in alcohol‐induced lipolysis and whether its correction contributes to the well‐established hepatoprotective effect of betaine in ALD.Experimental ApproachMale C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups and started on one of four treatments for 5 weeks: isocaloric pair‐fed (PF), alcohol‐fed (AF), PF supplemented with betaine (BT/AF) and AF supplemented with betaine (BT/AF). Betaine, 0.5% (w v−1), was added to the liquid diet. Both primary adipocytes and mature 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were exposed to demethylation reagents and their lipolytic responses determined.Key ResultsBetaine alleviated alcohol‐induced pathological changes in the liver and rectified the impaired methylation status in adipose tissue, concomitant with attenuating lipolysis. In adipocytes, inducing hypomethylation activated lipolysis through a mechanism involving suppression of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), due to hypomethylation of its catalytic subunit, leading to increased activation of hormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL). In line with in vitro observations, reduced PP2A catalytic subunit methylation and activity, and enhanced HSL activation, were observed in adipose tissue of alcohol‐fed mice. Betaine attenuated this alcohol‐induced PP2A suppression and HSL activation.Conclusions and ImplicationsIn adipose tissue, a hypomethylation state contributes to its alcohol‐induced dysfunction and an improvement in its function may contribute to the hepatoprotective effects of betaine in ALD.
The conservative view: is it necessary to implant a stent into the dopamine transporter?
Authors: Schmid D , Koenig X , Bulusu S , Schicker K , Freissmuth M , Sitte H H , Sandtner W 
Published: May 2014

Linked ArticlesThis article is a reply to De Felice LJ and Cameron KN (2015). Comments on ‘A quantitative model of amphetamine action on the serotonin transporter’, by Sandtner et al., Br J Pharmacol 171: 1007–1018. Br J Pharmacol 172: this issue, doi: 10.1111/bph.12767, commenting on Sandtner W, Schmid D, Schicker K, Gerstbrein K, Koenig X, Mayer FP, Boehm S, Freissmuth M and Sitte HH (2014). A quantitative model of amphetamine action on the 5‐HT transporter. Br J Pharmacol 171: 1007–1018. doi: 10.1111/bph.12520
Interactions of hydrogen sulfide with myeloperoxidase
Authors: Pálinkás Zoltán , Furtmüller Paul G , Nagy Attila , Jakopitsch Christa , Pirker Katharina F , Magierowski Marcin , Jasnos Katarzyna , Wallace John L , Obinger Christian , Nagy Péter 
Published: May 2014

Background and PurposeThe actions of hydrogen sulfide in human physiology have been extensively studied and, although it is an essential mediator of many biological functions, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its actions are ill‐defined. To elucidate the roles of sulfide in inflammation, we have investigated its interactions with human myeloperoxidase (MPO), a major contributor to inflammatory oxidative stress.Experimental ApproachThe interactions of sulfide and MPO were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance, electronic circular dichroism, UV‐vis and stopped‐flow spectroscopies.Key ResultsWe found favourable reactions between sulfide and the native‐ferric enzyme as well as the MPO redox intermediates, ferrous MPO, compound I and compound II. Sulfide was a potent reversible inhibitor of MPO enzymic activity with an IC50 of 1 µM. In addition, the measured second‐order rate constants for the reactions of sulfide with compound I [k = (1.1 ± 0.06) × 106 M−1 s−1] and compound II [k = (2.0 ± 0.03) × 105 M−1 s−1] suggest that sulfide is a potential substrate for MPO in vivo.Conclusion and ImplicationsEndogenous levels of sulfide are likely to inhibit the activity of circulating and endothelium‐bound MPO. The fully reversible inhibition suggests a mediatory role of sulfide on the oxidant‐producing function of the enzyme. Furthermore, the efficient HOCl oxidation of sulfide to give polysulfides (recently recognized as important components of sulfide biology) together with MPO‐catalysed sulfide oxidation and the lack of interaction between MPO and sulfide oxidation products, predict a modulatory role of MPO in sulfide signalling.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Pharmacology of the Gasotransmitters. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-6
Deep vs. shallow controlling factors of the crustal thermal field – insights from 3D modelling of theBeaufort‐MackenzieBasin (ArcticCanada)
Authors: Sippel J. , Scheck‐Wenderoth M. , Lewerenz B. , Klitzke P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSignificant lateral variations in observed temperatures in theBeaufort‐MackenzieBasin raise the question on the temperature‐controlling factors. Based on the structural configuration of the sediments and underlying crust in the area, we calculate the steady‐state 3D conductive thermal field. Integrated data include the base of the relic permafrost layer representing the 0 °C‐isotherm, public‐domain temperature data (from 227 wells) and thermal conductivity data. For >75% of the wells the predicted temperatures deviate by <10 K from the observed temperatures, which validates the overall model setup and adopted thermal properties. One important trend reproduced by the model is a decrease in temperatures from the western to the eastern basin. While in the west, a maximum temperature of 185 °C is reached at 5000 m below sea level, in the east the maximum temperature is 138 °C. The main cause for this pattern lies in lateral variations in thermal conductivity indicating differences in the shale and sand contents of the different juxtaposed sedimentary units. North‐to‐south temperature trends reveal the superposition of deep and shallow effects. At the southern margin, where the insulating effect of the low‐conductive sediments is missing, temperatures are lowest. Farther north, where the sub‐sedimentary continental crust is thick enough to produce considerable heat and a thick pile of sediments efficiently stores heat, temperatures tend to be highest. Temperatures decrease again towards the northernmost distal parts of the basin, where thinned continental and oceanic crust produce less radiogenic heat. Wells with larger deviations of the purely conductive model from the temperature observations (>15 K at 10% of the wells) and their basin‐wide pattern of misfit tendency (too cold vs. too warm temperature predictions) point to a locally restricted coupling of heat transport to groundwater flow.
Novel 3‐Substituted Ocotillol‐Type Triterpenoid Derivatives as Antibacterial Candidates
Authors: Bi Yi , Ma Cong , Zhang Hengyuan , Zhou Zhiwen , Yang Jian , Zhang Zhenlei , Meng Qingguo , Lewis Peter J. , Xu Jinyi 
Published: May 2014

Plant‐derived triterpenoid saponins are involved in the plant defense system by targeting bacterial membranes. A series of ocotillol‐type triterpenoid derivatives were synthesized starting from PPD, one of the main components of Panax ginseng and their antibacterial activity against several representative bacteria were evaluated. Compounds 5 and 11 exhibited excellent antibacterial activity with MIC values of 1 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and 8 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL against Bacillus subtilis, respectively. Furthermore, when compounds 5 and 11 were combined with two commercial antibiotics kanamycin and chloramphenicol, they showed strong synergistic activity at sub‐MIC levels against S. aureus USA300 and B. subtilis 168. Moreover, chloramphenicol turned from a bacteriostatic to a bactericidal agent when combined with compound 11 against B. subtilis 168.
The effectiveness of age on HbA1c as a criterion for the diagnosis of diabetes in Chinese different age subjects
Authors: Yang Liyong , Shen Ximei , Yan Sunjie , Xu Feipeng , Wu Peiwen 
Published: May 2014

SummaryObjectiveTo analyse the effectiveness of age on HbA1c as a criterion for the diagnosis of diabetes in Chinese different age subjects.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled a total of 1147 outpatients with untreated newly diagnosed diabetes (aged 18–80 years, 42·55% women) from the Fujian Province, China, and 427 age and gender‐matched (control) subjects without diabetes. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to determine the performance of HbA1c against results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed at the same time according to specific age groups. The ORs and 95%CIs between diabetes and other metabolic disorders were analysed.Results(i) HbA1c provided an age‐specific diagnosis for diabetes: there was a high diagnostic titter of HbA1c in the 18‐ to 39‐year age group; conversely, there was a low diagnostic titter of HbA1c in the ≥70‐year‐old age groups. (ii) After adjusted for age, individuals with diabetes by OGTT criteria but not by WHO HbA1c criteria had an increased chance of having abnormal weight, hypertriglyceridaemia, HDL hypocholesterolaemia and insulin resistance. (iii) The diagnostic cut‐off points of HbA1c for diabetes in different age groups (18–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69 and ≥70 years) were 6·1, 6·3, 6·4, 6·5 and 6·4, respectively. The age‐specific HbA1c criteria exhibited the higher positive rate, sensitivity and lower false‐negative rate when compared with WHO HbA1c criteria.ConclusionsThis provided evidence indicating that there may be drawbacks in the use of HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes. Thus, we proposed that the impact of introducing HbA1c for diabetes diagnosis should be considered in terms of age. Cohort studies are needed to further confirm the suitability of age‐specific HbA1c criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes.
Historical linguistics as a sequence optimization problem: the evolution and biogeography ofUto‐Aztecan languages
Authors: Wheeler Ward C. , Whiteley Peter M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractLanguage origins and diversification are vital for mapping human history. Traditionally, the reconstruction of language trees has been based on cognate forms among related languages, with ancestral protolanguages inferred by individual investigators. Disagreement among competing authorities is typically extensive, without empirical grounds for resolving alternative hypotheses. Here, we apply analytical methods derived fromDNAsequence optimization algorithms toUto‐Aztecan languages, treating words as sequences of sounds. Our analysis yields novel relationships and suggests a resolution to current conflicts about theProto‐Uto‐Aztecan homeland. The techniques used forUto‐Aztecan are applicable to written and unwritten languages, and should enable more empirically robust hypotheses of language relationships, language histories, and linguistic evolution.