bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Methylation/Demethylation Network Expression in Psychotic Patients with a History of Alcohol Abuse
Authors: Guidotti Alessandro , Dong Erbo , Gavin David P. , Veldic Marin , Zhao Weihan , Bhaumik Dulal K. , Pandey Subhash C. , Grayson Dennis R. 
Published: September 2012

BackgroundRecent studies suggest that protracted and excessive alcohol use induces an epigenetic dysregulation in human and rodent brains. We recently reported that DNA methylation dynamics are altered in brains of psychotic (PS) patients, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients. Because PS patients are often comorbid with chronic alcohol abuse, we examined whether the altered expression of multiple members of the DNA methylation/demethylation network observed in postmortem brains of PS patients was modified in PS patients with a history of chronic alcohol abuse.MethodsDNA‐methyltransferase‐1 (DNMT1) mRNA‐positive neurons were counted in situ in prefrontal cortex samples obtained from the Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center, Belmont, MA. 10‐11‐translocation (TETs 1, 2, 3), apolipoprotein B editing complex enzyme (APOBEC‐3C), growth and DNA‐damage‐inducible protein 45β (GADD45β), and methyl‐binding domain protein‐4 (MBD4) mRNAs were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction in inferior parietal cortical lobule samples obtained from the Stanley Foundation Neuropathology Consortium, Bethesda, MD.ResultsWe observed an increase in DNMT1 mRNA‐positive neurons in PS patients compared with non‐PS subjects. In addition, there was a pronounced decrease in APOBEC‐3C and a pronounced increase in GADD45β and TET1 mRNAs in PS patients with no history of alcohol abuse. In PS patients with a history of chronic alcohol abuse, the numbers of DNMT1‐positive neurons were not increased significantly. Furthermore, the decrease in APOBEC‐3C mRNA was less pronounced, while the increase in TET1 mRNA had a tendency to be potentiated in those PS patients that were chronic alcohol abusers. GADD45β and MBD4 mRNAs were not influenced by alcohol abuse. The effect of chronic alcohol abuse on DNA methylation/demethylation network enzymes cannot be attributed to confounding demographic variables or to the type and dose of medication used.ConclusionsBased on these results, we hypothesize that PS patients may abuse alcohol as a potential attempt at self‐medication to normalize altered DNA methylation/demethylation network pathways. However, before accepting this conclusion, we need to study alterations in the DNA methylation/demethylation pathways and the DNA methylation dynamics in a substantial number of alcoholic PS and non‐PS patients. Additional investigation may also be necessary to determine whether the altered DNA methylation dynamics are direct or the consequence of an indirect interaction of alcohol with the neuropathogenetic mechanisms underlying psychosis.
Frequency, Time Course, and Possible Causes of Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction after Cardiac Transplantation: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Mastouri Ronald , Batres Yasir , Lenet Adam , Gradus‐Pizlo Irmina , O'Donnell Jacqueline , Feigenbaum Harvey , Sawada Stephen G. 
Published: September 2012

Background: The frequency and causes of right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction early after cardiac transplantation are not well defined. Methods: We investigated the prevalence and causes of RV dysfunction in 27 heart transplant recipients, as measured by lateral tricuspid annular plane excursion (TAPSE) and fractional area change (FAC) at a mean of 15 ± 11 days after transplant. Tissue Doppler imaging was used to assess systolic time velocity integral (TVI) of the RV basal free wall. A subset of 22 patients had follow‐up TAPSE measurement at 406 ± 121 days. Results: RV systolic dysfunction, defined as TAPSE > 2 standard deviation (SD) below values in a control group, was present in 100% (27/27) of patients (P < 0.05). FAC was also significantly lower in patients compared with controls (P < 0.0001). TVI confirmed the presence of RV dysfunction in all 16 patients with both TAPSE and TVI (P < 0.05). Ischemic time (P = 0.017) and posttransplant tricuspid regurgitation (P = 0.024) were independent predictors of early RV dysfunction (r = 0.753). On follow‐up, RV function improved in 15 of 22 patients but all patients remained with TAPSE > 2 SD below controls. Conclusion: This study showed that 100% of patients had reduced RV function early after transplant. Two thirds of patients had partial recovery of RV function during the first year. In all patients, however, RV function remained significantly lower than in controls.
Three‐Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography of Aortic Atherosclerosis
Authors: Kocabay Gonenc , Muraru Denisa , Peluso Diletta , Iliceto Sabino , Badano Luigi P. 
Published: September 2012

Mini‐AbstractWe present a 75‐year‐old woman with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TOE) as part of the routine examinations before scheduling transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The examination identified, in addition to severe calcific aortic stenosis, intimal thickening of the ascending aorta. Three‐dimensional (3D) TOE was performed to better characterize atherosclerotic plaque size, shape, and relationships with the surrounding aortic wall.
Nanoindentation Study of Pop‐in Phenomenon Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Sapphire (102) Crystal
Authors: Mao Weiguo , Shen Yaogen 
Published: September 2012

The pop‐in behavior and mechanical properties of sapphire crystal vertically indented to its rhombohedral R (102) plane were investigated by nanoindentation using a Berkovich indenter. Effect of loading rate on pop‐in load and pop‐in extension width was observed within the indentation depth of h < 120 nm. The indentation size effect (ISE) of hardness within an indentation depth of 60 nm was systematically analyzed using Nix‐Gao and Al‐Rub models. Our experiments provided the consistent evaluations of hardness (H = 27.5 GPa), true hardness (Htrue = 68.9 GPa) at the non‐ISE region and effective indentation modulus (M = 423 GPa) for the contact depth of hc > 20 nm. Using the Hertzian contact theory, Schmid's law, and energy principle of indentation, the possible dominant slip system, which mainly contributed to the first pop‐in event when indented normal to the (102) plane, was estimated as {101} <20>. The distributions of corresponding resolved shear stress and principal stresses at the slip plane were also estimated.
Long‐Lived Photoluminescence in Amorphous Si–O–C(–H) Ceramics Derived from Polysiloxanes
Authors: Narisawa Masaki , Kawai Taketoshi , Watase Seiji , Matsukawa Kimihiro , Dohmaru Takaaki , Okamura Kiyohito , Iwase Akihiro 
Published: September 2012

The decarbonization process for silicone resin particles in a hydrogen gas flow and the properties of resulting Si–O–C(–H) ceramics were investigated in terms of mass loss, specific surface areas, and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. In particular, PL spectra of Si–O–C(–H) ceramics decarbonized in a hydrogen gas flow at 800°C and 1100°C were investigated in detail using pulsed laser excitation. The powder decarbonized at 800°C (SiO1.68C0.48H1.66) exhibited short‐lived PL with a peak at 410 nm that decayed within a time range of 10–60 ns. After evacuation of the system down to 1 Pa, long‐lived PL decaying within a time range of 1.0–4.0 s appeared around 560 nm, in addition to the short‐lived PL. On the other hand, the powder decarbonized at 1100°C (SiO1.54C0.26H0.12) exhibited yellow–white PL with a peak at 520–530 nm. Time‐resolved analysis revealed that the broad emission consisted of both short‐lived PL (peak at 500 nm) and long‐lived PL (peak at 580 nm). This long‐lived PL in the powder decarbonized at 1100°C was stable in air. Such stabilized long‐lived PL was also observed in the powders decarbonized at 1000°C–1300°C.
Testing for host‐associated differentiation in two egg parasitoids of a forest herbivore
Authors: Simonato Mauro , Battisti Andrea , Zovi Daniel , Medina Raul F. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractSeveral studies underline the importance of ecological barriers and differential selection in driving sympatric speciation. Host‐associated differentiation (HAD) has been proposed as one of the mechanisms leading to sympatric speciation. However, it is still unclear how common HAD is or which are the factors that could promote it. In particular, not much is known about HAD in predators and parasitoids of herbivorous insects. One of the characteristics postulated to pre‐dispose insects to HAD is parthenogenesis as it may favour adaptive responses to particular environments, amplifying selected gene complexes. In this study, we used amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers to determine whether HAD is present in two parthenogenetic egg parasitoids attacking the same herbivore species – the pine processionary moth, Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) – on two host Pinus species. A total of 100 loci for 59 individuals sampled in four populations of Baryscapus servadeii (Domenichini) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a specialist parasitoid, and 106 loci for 117 individuals sampled in six populations of Ooencyrtus pityocampae Mercet (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a generalist parasitoid, were analysed. Levels of genetic differentiation were also assessed with an outlier analysis, checking for alleles associated to host plants. No evidence of HAD was detected in any of the two parasitoid species. We hypothesize that both the lack of strict parthenogenetic reproduction and the ectophagous nature of the insect host could explain the absence of HAD. The genetic variation observed in the generalist parasitoid responded to a pattern of local adaptation, whereas no relationship with either host or geography was found in the specialist parasitoid.
Effect ofBBS‐Based Frit on the Low Temperature Sintering and Electrical Properties ofKNNLead‐Free Piezoceramics
Authors: Li Yue‐Ming , Shen Zong‐Yang , Li Run‐Run , Wang Zhu‐Mei , Hong Yan , Liao Run‐Hua 
Published: September 2012

UsingBaO–B2O3–SiO2(BBS)‐based frit as sintering aid, theK0.49Na0.51NbO3(KNN) +xwt%BBS(x = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5) lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics were successfully fabricated by solid‐state reaction method under low‐sintering temperature of 1000°C. The effect ofBBSfrit doping amount on the structure and electrical properties of the ceramics was investigated. TheKNNceramics with 1.5 wt%BBSfrit showed optimal properties as follows: piezoelectric constantd33 = 108pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling coefficientkp = 41%, mechanical quality factorQm = 225, relative dielectric constantεr = 410, dielectric loss tanδ = 0.57% and Curie temperatureTc = 400°C. This ceramic sample should be a good lead‐free candidate for actuators or high temperature sensors application due to its ultra‐low tanδ, relatively highQmandTc.
Two populations of transition discs?
Authors: Owen James E. , Clarke Cathie J. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
We examine the distribution of transition discs as a function of millimetre (mm) flux. We confirm that as expected in any model in which most primordial discs turn into transition discs and in which mm flux declines with time, transition discs have lower mm fluxes on average than primordial discs. However, we find that the incidence of transition discs does not, as expected, fall monotonically towards large mm fluxes and also investigate the hypothesis that these mm bright transition discs may have a distinct physical origin. We find that mm bright transition discs occupy a separate region of parameter space. Transition discs in the bright mm subsample have systematically higher accretion rates than those in the faint mm subsample, along with being systematically weighted to earlier spectral types.
Evaluation of the Impact of a Diabetes Education Curriculum for School Personnel on Disease Knowledge and Confidence in Caring for Students
Authors: Smith Cory T. , Chen Aleda M. H. , Plake Kimberly S. , Nash Christiane L. 
Published: September 2012

BACKGROUND: School personnel may lack knowledge of diabetes and be unprepared to address the needs of students with type 1 diabetes. This project evaluated the effectiveness of a type 1 diabetes education program for school personnel on increasing knowledge of diabetes and confidence in caring for students with diabetes.METHODS: Two types of diabetes education programs were created for school personnel. The basic program provided a 60‐minute overview of diabetes. The expanded program, intended for volunteer health aides, provided participants with a more in‐depth overview of diabetes during a 180‐minute session, including demonstrations of how to assist students with insulin injections. Instruments were created to assess changes in diabetes‐related knowledge and confidence in caring for students. Separate knowledge instruments were created for the basic and expanded programs. Knowledge instruments were administered before and after delivery of the education programs to both groups. Confidence instruments were administered before and after for persons completing the expanded program.RESULTS: A total of 81 school personnel participated in the basic (N = 44) or expanded programs (N = 37). Overall knowledge regarding diabetes significantly increased in both the basic and expanded programs from baseline (p < .001). Confidence in caring for students with diabetes also increased from pretest to posttest, both for overall confidence and each individual item (p < .001).CONCLUSIONS: Educational programs offered for school personnel can lead to increased knowledge and increased confidence in caring for students with diabetes, which may assist school personnel in addressing the needs of students with diabetes.
Obesity and Health Risk of Children in the Mississippi Delta
Authors: Gamble Abigail , Waddell Dwight , Allison Ford M. , Bentley John P. , Woodyard Catherine D. , Hallam Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2012

BACKGROUND: Mississippi (MS) Delta adults and youth report obesity rates far exceeding those of the state and nation. State law requires in‐school physical activity and nutrition practices to address childhood obesity but does not require evaluation of outcomes, specifically the impact on weight‐related outcomes. This paper offers 3 things: (1) describes the weight status of elementary school‐age children in the MS Delta; (2) explains the importance of including waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR) values when reporting body mass index (BMI); and (3) provides impetus for policy that requires weight‐related health risk, as measured by WHtR, to be assessed regularly as a means to evaluate school health policy.METHODS: We took anthropometric measures in a cross‐sectional investigation of 1136 children from 11 public elementary schools in the MS Delta. Measures included BMI, waist circumference (WC) and WHtR.RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI ≥85th percentile) was 47.1% (18.3% overweight and 28.8% obese). In this sample, 59.9% and 42.0% were “at risk” for weight‐related chronic disease based on WC (≥75th percentile) and WHtR (>0.5), respectively. The differences in these proportions were statistically significant. The predominantly black districts reported higher on all of the weight‐related measures.CONCLUSIONS: Investigators recommend the assessment of health policy include measures of health risk in addition to BMI, namely WHtR as it accounts for growth in both WC and height over age. Furthermore, WHtR is a more accurate indicator of fat distribution and health risk than WC alone.
How do the plants used in phytoremediation in constructed wetlands, a sustainable remediation strategy, perform in heavy‐metal‐contaminated mine sites?
Authors: Adams Allan , Raman Anantanarayanan , Hodgkins Dennis 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis review draws on knowledge for the treatment of heavy‐metal leachate in contaminated mine sites. Mine waste rock dumps and tailings generate a continuous stream of metalliferous and saline leachate over the long term. The mining industry has many legacy sites, which have compromised aquatic ecosystems and groundwater because of heavy‐metal contamination. Chemical and engineering methods are available and have been extensively utilised. However, these methods require intensive energy and often produce substantial volumes of secondary waste. We therefore argue in favour of phytoremediation as a sustainable remediation strategy leading towards efficient and sustainable metal removal and immobilisation through constructed wetlands.
Consumer Awareness of Salt and Sodium Reduction and Sodium Labeling
Authors: Kim M. K. , Lopetcharat K. , Gerard P. D. , Drake M. A. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract:  Reduction of dietary sodium by reduction of sodium in foods is a current industry target. Quantitative information on consumer knowledge of sodium and reduction of dietary sodium is limited. The objectives of this study were to characterize consumer knowledge and awareness of sodium and salt reduction in foods. Consumers (n= 489) participated in a quantitative internet survey designed to gather knowledge and attitudes towards dietary sodium, sodium in foods, and health. Eating habits and food consumption characteristics, knowledge of salt and sodium, and interest in health and wellness were probed. Saltiness believe and sodium knowledge indices were calculated based on correct responses to salt levels in food products. Kano analysis was conducted to determine the role of nutrition labels and satisfaction/dissatisfaction of foods. Consumers were aware of the presence of sodium in “salty” foods, and that sodium was part of salt. People who had a family history of certain diseases associated with a higher intake of dietary sodium did not necessarily have more knowledge of the relationship between sodium intake and a specific disease compared to consumers with no family history. Sodium content on the food label panel did not influence consumer dissatisfaction; however, sodium content did not necessarily increase consumer product satisfaction either. The addition of a healthy nutrient (that is, whole grain, fiber) into a current food product was appealing to consumers. For nutrient labeling, a “reduced” claim was more appealing to consumers than a “free” claim for “unhealthy” nutrients such as fat, sodium, and sugar.Practical Application:  This study demonstrated the current state of consumer knowledge on sodium and salt reduction, and consumer perception of the relationship between diets high in sodium and many chronic diseases. Information that may contribute to consumer satisfaction on nutrition panel labeling was also determined.
Oxidation Processes in Sicilian Olive Oils Investigated by a Combination of Optical and EPR Spectroscopy
Authors: Ricca Mariaelena , Foderà Vito , Vetri Valeria , Buscarino Gianpiero , Montalbano Maria , Leone Maurizio 
Published: September 2012

Abstract:  Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is recognized as one of the healthiest foods for its high content of antioxidants, which forestall and slow down radical formation. Free radical‐initiated oxidation is considered one of the main causes of rancidity in fats and oils. As a consequence, reliable protocols for the investigation of oil oxidation based on selective, noninvasive, and fast methods are highly desirable. Here we report an experimental approach based on UV‐Vis absorbance, steady‐state fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for studying oxidation processes induced by temperature for a period up to 35 d on Sicilian EVOO samples. We followed the decrease in β‐carotene content during incubation time and observed changes in polyphenols and tocopherols during the oxidation processes, focusing on the time scale of those changes. Using EPR spectroscopy, the free radical formation in different oil samples is reported, providing a fingerprint for both the antioxidant content and temporal features of the oxidation process at its early stage.Practical Application:  We monitor β‐carotene and chlorophyll in an auto‐oxidation process. A protocol based on spectroscopic measurements is presented and can be used for the quality control process of commercial olive oil.
Photokinetic, Biochemical and Structural Features of Chimeric Photoactive Yellow Protein Constructs
Authors: Kyndt John A. , Meyer Terry E. , Olson Kenneth T. , Van Beeumen Jozef , Cusanovich Michael A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractOf the 10 photoactive yellow protein (PYPs) that have been characterized, the two from Rhodobacter species are the only ones that have an additional intermediate spectral form in the resting state (λmax = 375 nm), compared to the prototypical Halorhodospira halophila PYP. We have constructed three chimeric PYP proteins by replacing the first 21 residues from the N‐terminus (Hyb1PYP), 10 from the β4–β5 loop (Hyb2PYP) and both (Hyb3PYP) in Hhal PYP with those from Rb. capsulatus PYP. The N‐terminal chimera behaves both spectrally and kinetically like Hhal PYP, indicating that the Rcaps N‐terminus folds against the core of Hhal PYP. A small fraction shows dimerization and slower recovery, possibly due to interaction at the N‐termini. The loop chimera has a small amount of the intermediate spectral form and a photocycle that is 20 000 times slower than Hhal PYP. The third chimera, with both regions exchanged, resembles Rcaps PYP with a significant amount of intermediate spectral form (λmax = 380 nm), but has even slower kinetics. The effects are not strictly additive in the double chimera, suggesting that what perturbs one site, affects the other as well. These chimeras suggest that the intermediate spectral form has its origins in overall protein stability and solvent exposure.
II. A Brief Introduction to the thought of Armando B. Ferrari
Authors: Carvalho Richard 
Published: September 2012

This article is part of the series, The Body and Psychoanalysis: The Work and Influence of A. B. Ferrari, which include the following articles:I. The Body in PsychoanalysisPaolo CarignaniVol.28, Issue 3, 288‐318, Article first published online: 21 AUG 2012AndIII. Anorexia and Bulimia: Two Aspects of AdolescenceFausta RomanoArticle first published online: 7 SEP 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-0118.2012.01301.x
III. Anorexia and Bulimia: Two Aspects of Adolescence
Authors: Romano Fausta 
Published: September 2012

This article is part of the series, The Body and Psychoanalysis: The Work and Influence of A. B. Ferrari, which include the following articles:I. The Body in PsychoanalysisPaolo CarignaniVol.28, Issue 3, 288‐318, Article first published online: 21 AUG 2012AndII. A Brief Introduction to the thought of Armando B. FerrariRichard CarvalhoArticle first published online: 7 SEP 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-0118.2012.01300.x