bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plate tectonic reconstructions and paleogeographic maps of the central and North Atlantic oceans1This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue on the theme ofMesozoic–Cenozoic geology of the Scotian Basin.2Earth Sciences Sector Contribution 20120172.
Authors: Sibuet Jean-Claude , Rouzo Stéphane , Srivastava Shiri 
Published: December 2012

We have established a new plate kinematic model of the central and North Atlantic oceans between North America, Africa, Meseta, Iberia, Flemish Cap, and Galicia Bank from Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous to better understand the nature and timing of rifting of Nova Scotia and Morocco conjugate continental margins since Late Triassic. The maps of salt distributions at the Sinemurian–Pliensbachian limit (190 Ma; after salt deposition) and in middle Bajocian (170 Ma) show that an area of the Nova Scotia margin is devoid of allochthonous salt and that an area of similar size located oceanward of the West African Coast Magnetic Anomaly shows salt deposits, suggesting that a portion of the Nova Scotia margin with its overlying salt deposits could have been transferred onto the Moroccan side right after the formation of the conjugate East Coast Magnetic Anomaly and West African Coast Magnetic Anomaly. Seven paleogeographic maps, from Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous, are presented with structural elements and magnetic lineations. They show that the connection between the Central Atlantic and the Tethys, with an aborted rift between Iberia and North America ending in the north against the Flemish Cap – Galicia Bank dam, started to deepen at the end of the first rifting phase (190 Ma ago) after the rupture of the thinned continental crust. It is only during the Early Cretaceous, after the rupture of the Flemish Cap – Galicia Bank dam, that the deep connection around Iberia was finally established between the Central and North Atlantic, the Tethys, and the Bay of Biscay.
Energy spectrum for trigonometric Pöschl–Teller potential
Authors: Falaye Babatunde James 
Published: December 2012

We present analytical solutions of the Schrödinger equation for the trigonometric Pöschl–Teller molecular potential by using a proper approximation to the centrifugal term within the framework of the asymptotic iteration method. We obtain analytic forms for the energy eigenvalues and the bound state eigenfunction solutions are obtained in terms of the generalized hypergeometric functions. Energy eigenvalues for a few diatomic molecules are calculated for arbitrary quantum numbers n and ℓ with various values of parameter α. We also studied special case ℓ = 0 and found that the results are in good agreement with findings of other methods for short-range potential.
Lactate Dehydrogenase B Is Required for the Growth of KRAS-Dependent Lung Adenocarcinomas
Authors: McCleland Mark L. , Adler Adam S. , Deming Laura , Cosino Ely , Lee Leslie , Blackwood Elizabeth M. , Solon Margaret , Tao Janet , Li Li , Shames David , Jackson Erica , Forrest William F. , Firestein Ron 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Purpose: This study is aimed to identify genes within the KRAS genomic amplicon that are both coupregulated and essential for cell proliferation when KRAS is amplified in lung cancer.
Experimental Design: We used an integrated genomic approach to identify genes that are coamplified with KRAS in lung adenocarcinomas and subsequently preformed an RNA interference (RNAi) screen to uncover functionally relevant genes. The role of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) was subsequently investigated both in vitro and in vivo by siRNA and short hairpin RNA (shRNA)–mediated knockdown in a panel of lung adenocarcinoma cells lines. LDHB expression was also investigated in patient tumors using microarray and immunohistochemistry analyses.
Results: RNAi-mediated depletion of LDHB abrogated cell proliferation both in vitro and in xenografted tumors in vivo. We find that LDHB expression correlates to both KRAS genomic copy number gain and KRAS mutation in lung cancer cell lines and adenocarcinomas. This correlation between LDHB expression and KRAS status is specific for lung cancers and not other tumor types that harbor KRAS mutations. Consistent with a role for LDHB in glycolysis and tumor metabolism, KRAS-mutant lung tumors exhibit elevated expression of a glycolysis gene signature and are more dependent on glycolysis for proliferation compared with KRAS wild-type lung tumors. Finally, high LDHB expression was a significant predictor of shorter survival in patients with lung adenocarcinomas.
Conclusion: This study identifies LDHB as a regulator of cell proliferation in a subset of lung adenocarcinoma and may provide a novel therapeutic approach for treating lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 19(4); 773–84. ©2012 AACR.
Integrative Cancer Epidemiology—The Next Generation
Authors: Spitz Margaret R. , Caporaso Neil E. , Sellers Thomas A. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Summary: We outline an integrative approach to extend the boundaries of molecular cancer epidemiology by integrating modern and rapidly evolving “omics” technologies into state-of-the-art molecular epidemiology. In this way, one can comprehensively explore the mechanistic underpinnings of epidemiologic observations in cancer risk and outcome. We highlight the exciting opportunities to collaborate across large observational studies and to forge new interdisciplinary collaborative ventures. Cancer Discov; 2(12); 1087–90. ©2012 AACR.
Ubiquitin/proteasome-rich particulate cytoplasmic structures (PaCSs) in the platelets and megakaryocytes of ANKRD26-related thrombocytopenia
Authors: Necchi Vittorio , Balduini Alessandra , Noris Patrizia , Barozzi Serena , Sommi Patrizia , di Buduo Christian , Balduini Carlo , Solcia Enrico , Pecci Alessandro 
Published: December 2012

SummaryANKRD26-related thrombocytopenia (ANKRD26-RT) is an autosomaldominant thrombocytopenia caused by mutations in the 5’UTR of the ANKRD26 gene. ANKRD26-RT is characterised by dysmegakaryopoiesis and an increased risk of leukaemia. PaCSs are novel particulate cytoplasmic structures with selective immunoreactivity for polyubiquitinated proteins and proteasome that have been detected in a number of solid cancers, in the epithelia of Helicobacter pylori gastritis and related preneoplastic lesions, and in the neutrophils of Schwachman- Diamond syndrome, a genetic disease with neutropenia and increased leukaemia risk. We searched for PaCSs in blood cells from 14 consecutive patients with ANKRD26-RT. Electron microscopy combined with immunogold staining for polyubiquitinated proteins, 20S and 19S proteasome showed PaCSs in most ANKRD26-RT platelets, as in a restricted minority of platelets from healthy controls and from subjects with other inherited or immune thrombocytopenias. In ANKRD26-RT platelets, the PaCS amount exceeded that of control platelets by a factor of 5 (p<0.0001). Immunoblotting showed that the higher PaCS number was associated with increased amounts of polyubiquitinated proteins and proteasome in ANKRD26-RT platelets. PaCSs were also extensively represented in ANKRD26-RT megakaryocytes, but not in healthy control megakaryocytes, and were absent in other ANKRD26-RT and control blood cells. Therefore, large amounts of PaCSs are a characteristic feature of ANKRD26-RT platelets and megakaryocytes, although these novel cell components are also present in a small subpopulation of normal platelets. The widespread presence of PaCSs in inherited diseases with increased leukaemia risk, as well as in solid neoplasms and their preneoplastic lesions, suggests a link of these structures with oncogenesis.
Parallel overexpression and clinical significance of kallikrein-related peptidases 7 and 14 (KLK7 & KLK14) in colon cancer
Authors: Devetzi Marina , Trangas Theoni , Scorilas Andreas , Xynopoulos Dimitris , Talieri Maroulio 
Published: December 2012

SummaryCurrently available colon cancer (CC) markers lack sensitivity and specificity. Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) present a new class of biomarkers under investigation for diverse diseases, including cancer. KLKs are co-expressed in various tissues participating in proteolytic cascades. KLK7 in human tumours facilitates metastasis by degrading components of the extracellular matrix. KLK14 promotes tumourigenesis by activating proteinase-activated receptors. In the present study we examined the concomitant expression of KLK7 and KLK14 in 245 colonic tissue specimens from 175 patients; 70 were pairs of cancerous-normal tissues, 31 were cancerous tissues and 74 were colonic adenomas. We used quantitative real-time PCR and proved that both genes are up-regulated in CC at the mRNA level. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of our results showed that both genes have discriminatory value between CC and adenoma tissues, with KLK14 obtaining greater distinguishing power (area under the curve [AUC]=0.708 for KLK14; AUC=0.669 for KLK7). Current work showed that the two genes are fairly co-expressed in all three types of colon tissues examined (normal rs=0.667, p<0.001, adenomas rs=0.373, p=0.001, carcinomas rs=0.478, p<0.001). KLK14 is associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients (p=0.003, p=0.016 respectively), whereas KLK7 only with shorter DFS (p=0.004). KLK7 and KLK14 gene expression can be regarded as markers of poor prognosis for CC patients with discriminating power between CC and adenoma patients.
Low Wall Shear Stress Is Independently Associated With the Rupture Status of Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms
Authors: Miura Yoichi , Ishida Fujimaro , Umeda Yasuyuki , Tanemura Hiroshi , Suzuki Hidenori , Matsushima Satoshi , Shimosaka Shinichi , Taki Waro 
Published: December 2012

Background and Purpose—
We determined which hemodynamic parameter independently characterizes the rupture status of middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms using computational fluid dynamics analysis.

Methods—
In 106 patient-specific geometries of MCA aneurysms (43 ruptured, 63 unruptured), morphological and hemodynamic parameters were compared between the ruptured and unruptured groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine parameters that independently characterized the rupture status of MCA aneurysms.

Results—
Univariate analyses showed that the aspect ratio, wall shear stress (WSS), normalized WSS, oscillatory shear index, WSS gradient, and aneurysm-formation index were significant parameters. The size of the aneurysmal dome and the gradient oscillatory number were not significantly different between the 2 groups. With multivariate analyses, only lower WSS was significantly associated with the rupture status of MCA aneurysms.

Conclusions—
WSS may be the most reliable parameter characterizing the rupture status of MCA aneurysms.
Ethiopian Highlands Crop-Climate Prediction: 1979–2009
Authors: Jury Mark R 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis study compares different methods of predicting crop-related climate in the Ethiopian highlands for the period 1979–2009. A target index (ETH4) is developed as an average of four variables in the June–September season—rainfall, rainfall minus evaporation, estimated latent heat flux, and vegetation, following correlation with crop yields at Melkassa, Ethiopia (8.4°N, 39.3°E, 1550 m elevation). Predictors are drawn from gridded near-global fields of surface temperature, surface air pressure, and 200-hPa zonal wind in the preceding December–March season. Prediction algorithms are formulated by stepwise multivariate regression. The first set of predictors derive from objective principal component (PC) time scores with tropical loading patterns, and the second set is based on key areas determined from correlation with the target index. The second PC of upper zonal wind reveals a tropical–subtropical dipole that is correlated with ETH4 at two-season lead time (correlation coefficient r = −0.53). Point-to-field regression maps show high-latitude signals in surface temperature (positive in North America and negative in Eurasia) and air pressure (negative in the North Pacific Ocean and positive in the South Pacific). Upper zonal winds are most strongly related with ETH4 over the tropical Pacific and Africa at two-season lead time. The multivariate algorithm that is based on PC predictors has an adjusted r2 fit of 0.23, and the algorithm using key-area predictors achieves r2 = 0.37. In comparison, numerical model forecasts reach r2 = 0.33 for ECMWF simulations but are low for other models. The statistical results are specific to the ETH4 index, which is a climate proxy for crop yields in the Ethiopian highlands.
A Climatology of Surface Cloud Radiative Effects at the ARM Tropical Western Pacific Sites
Authors: McFarlane Sally A. , Long Charles N. , Flaherty Julia 
Published: December 2012

AbstractCloud radiative effects on surface downwelling fluxes are investigated using datasets from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) sites in the tropical western Pacific Ocean (TWP) region. The Nauru Island (Republic of Nauru) and Darwin, Australia, sites show large variability in sky cover, downwelling radiative fluxes, and surface cloud radiative effect (CRE) that is due to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Australian monsoon, respectively, whereas the Manus Island (Papua New Guinea) site shows little intraseasonal or interannual variability. At Nauru, the average shortwave (SW) surface CRE varies from −38.2 W m−2during La Niña conditions to −90.6 W m−2during El Niño conditions. The average longwave (LW) CRE ranges from 9.5 to 15.8 W m−2during La Niña and El Niño conditions, respectively. At Manus, the average SW and LW CREs vary by less than 5 and 2 W m−2, respectively, between the ENSO phases. The variability at Darwin is even larger than at Nauru, with average SW (LW) CRE ranging from −27.0 (8.6) W m−2in the dry season to −95.8 (17.0) W m−2in the wet season. Cloud radar measurements of cloud-base and cloud-top heights are used to define cloud types to examine the effect of cloud type on the surface CRE. Clouds with low bases contribute 71%–75% of the surface SW CRE and 66%–74% of the surface LW CRE at the three TWP sites, clouds with midlevel bases contribute 8%–9% of the SW CRE and 12%–14% of the LW CRE, and clouds with high bases contribute 16%–19% of the SW CRE and 15%–21% of the LW CRE.
Derivation of Turbulent Kinetic Energy from a First-Order Nonlocal Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterization
Authors: Shin Hyeyum Hailey , Hong Song-You , Noh Yign , Dudhia Jimy 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is derived from a first-order planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization for convective boundary layers: the nonlocal K-profile Yonsei University (YSU) PBL. A parameterization for the TKE equation is developed to calculate TKE based on meteorological profiles given by the YSU PBL model. For this purpose buoyancy- and shear-generation terms are formulated consistently with the YSU scheme—that is, the combination of local, nonlocal, and explicit entrainment fluxes. The vertical transport term is also formulated in a similar fashion. A length scale consistent with the K profile is suggested for parameterization of dissipation.
Single-column model (SCM) simulations are conducted for a period in the second Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Atmospheric Boundary Layer Study (GABLS2) intercomparison case. Results from the SCM simulations are compared with large-eddy simulation (LES) results. The daytime evolution of the vertical structure of TKE matches well with mixed-layer development. The TKE profile is shaped like a typical vertical velocity (w) variance, and its maximum is comparable to that from the LES. By varying the dissipation length from −23% to +13% the TKE maximum is changed from about −15% to +7%. After normalization, the change does not exceed the variability among previous studies. The location of TKE maximum is too low without the effects of the nonlocal TKE transport.
Snow–Atmosphere Coupling Strength. Part II: Albedo Effect Versus Hydrological Effect
Authors: Xu Li , Dirmeyer Paul 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this study of snow–atmosphere coupling strength, the previous snow–atmosphere coupled modeling experiment is extended to investigate the separate impacts on the atmosphere of the radiatively driven snow albedo effect and the snow hydrological effect that operates through soil moisture, evapotranspiration, and precipitation feedbacks. The albedo effect is governed by snow cover fraction, while the hydrological effect is controlled by anomalies in snow water equivalent. Realistic snow cover from satellite estimates is prescribed and compared with model-generated values to isolate the snow albedo effect. Similarly, imparting realistic snow water equivalent from the Global Land Data Assimilation System in the model allows for estimation of the snow hydrological effect. The snow albedo effect is found to be active before, and especially during, the snowmelt period, and regions of strong albedo-driven coupling move northward during spring, with the retreating edge of the snowpack in the Northern Hemisphere. The snow hydrological effect appears first during snowmelt and can persist for months afterward. The contributing factors to the snow albedo effect are analyzed in a theoretical framework.
Calibrated Short-Range Ensemble Precipitation Forecasts Using Extended Logistic Regression with Interaction Terms
Authors: Ben Bouallègue Zied 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Extended logistic regression has been shown to be a method well suited to calibrating precipitation forecasts from medium-range ensemble prediction systems. The extension of the logistic regression unifies the separate predictive equations for each threshold, introducing the predictive threshold as part of the predictors. Mutually consistent probabilities and a reduction in the total number of regression parameters to be evaluated are part of the benefits of the extended approach. However, considering the predictive threshold as the only “unification” predictor constrains the regression parameters associated with the primary predictors to be constant with the threshold. To alleviate the rigidity of the extended scheme, interaction terms are introduced in the unified predictive equation. Within the framework of the convection-permitting German-focused Consortium for Small-Scale Modeling ensemble prediction system (COSMO-DE-EPS), it is shown that extended logistic regression, applied to short-range precipitation forecasts with the ensemble mean as the primary predictor, improves the performance of the system. Interaction effects are first illustrated through the analysis of regression parameters and then the positive impact on the calibrated forecasts of the new extended logistic regression scheme, including interaction terms, is shown using quantitative and qualitative measures of reliability and sharpness.
The Impact of Visual Scanning in the Laparoscopic Environment After Engaging in Strain Coping
Authors: Klein Martina I. , DeLucia Patricia R. , Olmstead Ryan 
Published: December 2012

Objective: We aimed to determine whether visual scanning has a detrimental impact on the monitoring of critical signals and the performance of a concurrent laparoscopic training task after participants engaged in Hockey’s strain coping. Strain coping refers to straining cognitive (attentional) resources joined with latent decrements (i.e., stress). Background: DeLucia and Betts (2008) reported that monitoring critical signals degraded performance of a laparoscopic peg-reversal task compared with no monitoring. However, performance did not differ between displays in which critical signals were shown on split screens (less visual scanning) and separated displays (more visual scanning). We hypothesized that effects of scanning may occur after prolonged strain coping. Method: Using a between-subjects design, we had undergraduates perform a laparoscopic training task that induced strain coping. Then they performed a laparoscopic peg-reversal task while monitoring critical signals with a split-screen or separated display. We administered the NASA–Task Load Index (TLX) and Dundee Stress State Questionnaire (DSSQ) to assess strain coping. Results: The TLX and DSSQ profiles indicated that participants engaged in strain coping. Monitoring critical signals resulted in slowed peg-reversal performance compared with no monitoring. Separated displays degraded critical-signal monitoring compared with split-screen displays. Conclusion: After novice observers experience strain coping, visual scanning can impair the detection of critical signals. Application: Results suggest that the design and arrangement of displays in the operating room must incorporate the attentional limitations of the surgeon. Designs that induce visual scanning may impair monitoring of critical information at least in novices. Presenting displays closely in space may be beneficial.
The role of B7 family molecules in hematologic malignancy
Authors: Greaves Paul , Gribben John G. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe B7 family consists of structurally related, cell-surface proteins that regulate immune responses by delivering costimulatory or coinhibitory signals through their ligands. Eight family members have been identified to date including CD80 (B7-1), CD86 (B7-2), CD274 (programmed cell death-1 ligand [PD-L1]), CD273 (programmed cell death-2 ligand [PD-L2]), CD275 (inducible costimulator ligand [ICOS-L]), CD276 (B7-H3), B7-H4, and B7-H6. B7 ligands are expressed on both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. The importance of the B7 family in regulating immune responses is clear from their demonstrated role in the development of immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases. Manipulation of the signals delivered by B7 ligands shows great potential in the treatment of cancers including leukemias and lymphomas and in regulating allogeneic T-cell responses after stem cell transplantation.
A urine biomarker for severe obstructive sleep apnoea patients: lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase
Authors: Chihara Yuichi , Chin Kazuo , Aritake Kosuke , Harada Yuka , Toyama Yoshiro , Murase Kimihiko , Yoshimura Chikara , Hitomi Takefumi , Oga Toru , Mishima Michiaki , Urade Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2012

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2, has been reported to have a close connection with cardiovascular disease and sleep regulation. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the L-PGDS level is a useful marker to identify patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.64 subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. Urinary concentrations of L-PGDS were measured in the morning. Measurements were made every 4 h in 25 of the 64 patients. Endothelial function was assessed by the reactive hyperaemia peripheral arterial tone index.Circadian variations in L-PGDS concentrations had a significant time-dependent fluctuation (p = 0.0002). L-PGDS was higher in the subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnoea (median 784.7 ng per mg of creatinine, n = 23) than in control subjects (262.1 ng per mg of creatinine, n = 16; p = 0.004) and in those with moderate obstructive sleep apnoea (371.7 ng per mg of creatinine, n = 25; p = 0.0008). After 2 days of continuous positive airway pressure treatment, L-PGDS concentrations in severe obstructive sleep apnoea subjects (n = 12) decreased significantly (p = 0.02) to levels present in control subjects whereas endothelial function did not change significantly. Morning urinary L-PGDS concentrations had significant correlations with the apnoea/hypopnoea index (R2= 13.9%) and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (R2= 6.2%), but not with sleepiness.Urinary L-PGDS might be a moderately useful marker to identify patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea.