bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of settlement on nutrition and health status of pastoral Gabra women of reproductive age in Kalacha Location, Marsabit County, Kenya
Authors: Adongo Amos Otieno , Shell-Duncan Bettina , Prisca Tuitoek J 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of settlement on the nutrition and health status of pastoral women of reproductive age.DesignA cross-sectional survey that included a 24 h dietary recall was administered to 224 randomly selected Gabra women. Height and weight were used to compute BMI. Whole capillary blood was used to measure Hb. Additional capillary blood was collected on filter paper and dried blood spots were analysed for transferritin receptor, C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse population characteristics. The t test and the χ2 test were used to determine population differences. Multiple criteria models were used to determine the prevalence of Fe deficiency, anaemia and inflammation.SettingSettled and semi-settled women in Kalacha Location in Marsabit County, Kenya.SubjectNon-pregnant women aged 15–49 years.ResultsFe repletion was observed in 43 % of settled and 40 % of semi-settled women. Fe-deficiency erythropoiesis in was found in 18 % of settled and 20 % of semi-settled women, whereas 15 % of settled compared with 25 % of semi-settled women were suffering from Fe-deficiency anaemia. Anaemia due to chronic diseases was more prevalent in semi-settled women than in settled women, and more common than Fe-deficiency anaemia.ConclusionsSettled women were significantly less anaemic than semi-settled women, but had similarly high levels of chronic energy deficiency. While anaemia and Fe deficiency were more pronounced in semi-settled than settled women, anaemia of chronic disease and chronic infection were highly prevalent in both communities. Policies should be put in place to improve overall nutrition among pastoral women.
A 3‐D model of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the Central and Western US by joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersion
Authors: Shen Weisen , Ritzwoller Michael H. , Schulte‐Pelkum Vera 
Published: December 2012

AbstractRayleigh wave phase velocity maps from ambient noise and earthquake data are inverted jointly with receiver functions observed at 828 stations from the USArray Transportable Array west of 100°W longitude for data recorded in the years 2005 through 2010 to produce a 3‐D model of shear wave speeds beneath the central and Western US to a depth of 150 km. Eikonal tomography is applied to ambient noise data to produce about 300,000 Rayleigh wave phase speed curves, and Helmholtz tomography is applied to data following 1550 (Ms > 5.0) earthquakes so that Rayleigh wave dispersion maps are constructed from 8 to 80 s period with associated uncertainties across the region. Harmonic stripping generates back‐azimuth independent receiver functions with uncertainty estimates for each of the stations. A nonlinear Bayesian Monte Carlo method is used to estimate a distribution of shear wave speed (Vs) models beneath each station by jointly interpreting surface wave dispersion and receiver functions and their uncertainties. The assimilation of receiver functions improves the vertical resolution of the model by reducing the range of estimated Moho depths, improving the determination of the shear velocity jump across Moho, and improving the resolution of the depth of anomalies in the uppermost mantle. A great variety of geological and tectonic features are revealed in the 3‐D model that form the basis for future detailed local to regional scale analysis and interpretation.
Spreading center dynamics and melt migration
Authors: Parmentier E. M. 
Published: December 2012

Melting of upwelling mantle beneath spreading centers generates the basaltic crust that covers a large fraction of the Earth's surface. Crustal emplacement of mantle melt and faulting associated with lithosphere extension in a narrow, few kilometer wide region along the axis of spreading centers largely defines the structural and morphological fabric of the entire seafloor.Given this important role in shaping the earth, it is not surprising that spreading centers have been a major focus of earth science research over the past four years. The papers that have appeared even during this short time are too numerous to review completely in this report. Fortunately, following the previous report of Phipps Morgan (1991), several papers (Forsyth, 1992; Solomon and Toomey, 1992) provide a good review of many important aspects of the geophysical characteristics of spreading centers. Consequently this report will focus on recent developments in understanding the mechanisms and processes that shape spreading centers. An extensive (but not exhaustive) bibliography of papers that have appeared in the last four years is included, but not all of these can be discussed in the text.
Watheroo Magnetic Observatory April to August, 1931
Authors: Parkinson W. C. 
Published: December 2012

(Latitude 30° 19′.1 S.; longitude, 115° 52′.6 or 7h 43m.5 E. of Gr.)June 1–2, 1931—This disturbance of small to moderate intensity began at 15h28m (Greenwich mean time) on June 1. The commencement was not strictly sudden since it extended over a period of 7 minutes. The period of greatest activity was between 9h and 12h on June 2, when the range of H was about 60γ; conditions gradually became quiet by midnight of the same day.
Alibag Magnetic Observatory January to March, 1942
Authors: Rangaswami M. R. 
Published: December 2012

(Latitude 18° 38′.3 N., longitude 72° 52′.3 or 4h 51m.5 E. of Gr.)February 23–24—A moderate disturbance began with a sudden commencement at 13h 29m GMT, February 23. H reached its maximum at about 13h 33m and began to fall rapidly. The minimum was reached at 16h 40m. The disturbance ended at about 16h, February 24. Ranges: D, 3′.9; H, 171 gammas; Z, 37 gammas.
College Magnetic Observatory January to March, 1948
Authors: Cleven Merril L. 
Published: December 2012

(Latitude 64° 51′.9 N., longitude 147° 49′.3 or 9h 51m.3 W. of Gr.)January 3—A moderate magnetic storm began sharply at 04h 30m GMT January 3. The most severe part of the storm occurred during 14h when D changed about 7¼° in a period of fifteen minutes. The storm gradually died out at about 22h 00m, January 3.
Letters to editor [Mean magnetic elements for Year 1897 at Observatory Infant D. Luiz (Lisbon)]
Authors: Capello J. 
Published: December 2012

Photographic reproductions of plates in Lamont's Handbuch des Erdmagnetismus (1849).—Professor Max Eschenhagen, in charge of the Potsdam Magnetic Observatory, informs the editor that he is in a position to be able to furnish those possessing a copy of Lamont's wellknown work, in which the plates are missing, with photographic reproductions of the same at cost price.Mean magnetic elements for the year 1897 at Observatory Infant D. Luiz (Lisbon).—The following data have been courteously sent the JOURNAL by the director, Senhor Capello:

urn:x-wiley:02727528:media:tem2138:tem2138-math-0001
Genetic diversity in the
Jatropha
genus and its potential application.
Authors: Xu Wei Xu Wei , Sujatha Mulpuri Sujatha Mulpuri , Liu AiZhong Liu AiZhong 
Published: December 2012

Abstract

Jatropha curcas
L., a drought tolerant, monoecious perennial shrub, has gained attention in the tropics and sub-tropics during the past decade as a potential biodiesel crop. Adequate genetic diversity for key agronomic traits is of fundamental importance in crop improvement programmes particularly for crops such as
J. curcas
, which are in the early stages of domestication. In
J. curcas
, genetic diversity in local populations and worldwide collections has been estimated using both dominant and co-dominant molecular markers systems such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSRs), sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), etc. Assessment of genetic variation using molecular markers unequivocally established the existence of rich genetic diversity in the germplasm from Central and South American regions and narrow genetic base in populations from Asia and Africa. Establishment of phylogenetic relationships among
Jatropha
species using molecular markers has been limited to species naturalized and distributed in India. Research expansion over the past decade has indicated the availability of considerable genetic variation in the genus Jatropha for vegetative and floral traits linked to productivity, seed oil content, fatty acid profiles, toxicity (phorbol esters, curcin), etc. The diverse genetic sources identified in
J. curcas
germplasm and the compatible wild species need to be exploited for genetic improvement of the crop through conventional breeding and interspecific gene transfer, which could be further accelerated through marker-aided selection.
PARENTHOOD AND RETIREMENT
Authors: Hank Karsten , Korbmacher Julie M. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACT
This study uses retrospective life-history data from the SHARELIFE project for an initial assessment of the long-term relationship between individuals' reproductive history and retirement in 13 Continental European countries, focussing in particular on possible gender, cohort, and welfare regime differences. Our analysis provides some weak evidence that having (more) children is associated with later retirement among men, reflecting a continuation of the male provider role well into the late career phase. When distinguishing between women born before and after 1940, we detect striking cohort differences in retirement behaviours of mothers and childless individuals: while mothers belonging to the older cohorts tend to exit the labour force later than their childless counterparts, those born post-1940 exhibit a greater propensity to enter retirement earlier. This finding is discussed against the background of cross-national (i.e., welfare regime) differences in younger mothers' employment opportunities as well as differential economic and institutional opportunities for women (mothers, respectively) to retire early. We conclude with suggestions for future research.
SM2miR: a database of the experimentally validated small molecules’ effects on microRNA expression
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Wang Shuyuan , Meng Fanlin , Wang Jizhe , Zhang Yan , Dai Enyu , Yu Xuexin , Li Xia , Jiang Wei 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Summary: The inappropriate expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is closely related with disease diagnosis, prognosis and therapy response. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that bioactive small molecules (or drugs) can regulate miRNA expression, which indicates that targeting miRNAs with small molecules is a new therapy for human diseases. In this study, we established the SM2miR database, which recorded 2925 relationships between 151 small molecules and 747 miRNAs in 17 species after manual curation from nearly 2000 articles. Each entry contains the detailed information about small molecules, miRNAs and evidences of their relationships, such as species, miRBase Accession number, DrugBank Accession number, PubChem Compound Identifier (CID), expression pattern of miRNA, experimental method, tissues or conditions for detection. SM2miR database has a user-friendly interface to retrieve by miRNA or small molecule. In addition, we offered a submission page. Thus, SM2miR provides a fairly comprehensive repository about the influences of small molecules on miRNA expression, which will promote the development of miRNA therapeutics.
Availability: SM2miR is freely available at http://bioinfo.hrbmu.edu.cn/SM2miR/.
Contact: jiangwei@hrbmu.edu.cn or lixia@hrbmu.edu.cn
Deficiency of FRAS1-related extracellular matrix 1 (FREM1) causes congenital diaphragmatic hernia in humans and mice
Authors: Beck Tyler F , Veenma Danielle , Shchelochkov Oleg A , Yu Zhiyin , Kim Bum Jun , Zaveri Hitisha P , van Bever Yolande , Choi Sunju , Douben Hannie , Bertin Terry K , Patel Pragna I , Lee Brendan , Tibboel Dick , de Klein Annelies , Stockton David W , Justice Monica J , Scott Daryl A 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common life-threatening birth defect. Recessive mutations in the FRAS1-related extracellular matrix 1 (FREM1) gene have been shown to cause bifid nose with or without anorectal and renal anomalies (BNAR) syndrome and Manitoba oculotrichoanal (MOTA) syndrome, but have not been previously implicated in the development of CDH. We have identified a female child with an isolated left-sided posterolateral CDH covered by a membranous sac who had no features suggestive of BNAR or MOTA syndromes. This child carries a maternally-inherited ∼86 kb FREM1 deletion that affects the expression of FREM1's full-length transcripts and a paternally-inherited splice site mutation that causes activation of a cryptic splice site, leading to a shift in the reading frame and premature termination of all forms of the FREM1 protein. This suggests that recessive FREM1 mutations can cause isolated CDH in humans. Further evidence for the role of FREM1 in the development of CDH comes from an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea -derived mouse strain, eyes2, which has a homozygous truncating mutation in Frem1. Frem1eyes2 mice have eye defects, renal agenesis and develop retrosternal diaphragmatic hernias which are covered by a membranous sac. We confirmed that Frem1 is expressed in the anterior portion of the developing diaphragm and found that Frem1eyes2 embryos had decreased levels of cell proliferation in their developing diaphragms when compared to wild-type embryos. We conclude that FREM1 plays a critical role in the development of the diaphragm and that FREM1 deficiency can cause CDH in both humans and mice.
Soluble HLA-G modulates miRNA-210 and miRNA-451 expression in activated CD4+ T lymphocytes
Authors: Morandi Fabio , Pistoia Vito 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this study, we have investigated the expression of 87 micro (mi)RNAs in activated CD4+ T cells cultured in the presence or absence of the immunoregulatory molecule soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G). We observed (i) a decreased miR-451 expression and (ii) an increased miR-210 expression in sHLA-G-treated CD4+ T cells. By transfecting CD4+ T cells with miR-210 and miR-451 mimics or inhibitors, we found that sHLA-G-mediated modulation of these miRNAs was not related to sHLA-G-mediated inhibition of (i) proliferation and (ii) CXCR3 expression in CD4+ T cells. Finally, we investigated the expression of 14 genes targeted by miR-210 or miR-451 in activated CD4+ T cells, treated or not with sHLA-G. We observed an increased expression of OSR-1 (odd-skipped related 1) and HBP-1 (HMG-box transcription factor 1) and a decreased expression of CXCL16 (chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 16) and C11orf30 (chromosome 11 open reading frame 30) in sHLA-G-treated CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, sHLA-G triggered a modulation of miRNA expression that may in turn modulate downstream gene expression, thus affecting CD4+ T-cell function.
First Report of Brown Rot Caused by Monilia polystroma on Apple in Serbia
Authors: Vasić M. , Duduk N. , Ivanović M. S. 
Published: December 2012

Monilia polystroma van Leeuwen is a new Japanese species, similar to M. fructigena but distinguishable based on morphological and molecular characteristics (3). After its first discovery on apple in Japan, occurance of M. polystroma in Europe has been reported in Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Switzerland (2,3,4). In October 2011, during a survey for apple fungal pathogens in the Bela Crkva district, 15 apple fruit (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. Golden Delicious were collected. Two isolates of Monilinia polystroma were obtained from apple fruit showing brown rot, covered with small yellowish sporodohia. The pathogen was identified as M. polystroma based on morphological and molecular features (1,3). Upon isolation, colonies cultivated on PDA were white to grayish and the mycelium grew 8.85 mm per day at 22 ± 1°C in 12-h light/12-h dark regime. After 6 to 8 days of incubation, black stromatal plates were observed on the reverse sides of the inoculated petri dishes. Conidia were one-celled, limoniform, hyaline, 14.7 to 21.88 μm (16.2 mean) × 7.85 to 12.92 μm (10.8 mean), and were produced in branched monilioid chains on inoculated apple fruit. Morphological identification was confirmed by PCR (1) using genomic DNA extracted from the mycelium of pure cultures, and amplified products of 425 bp in length, specific for M. polystroma were amplified as expected with primers MO368-5 and MO368-8R. For one isolate, the ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was obtained, using primers ITS1 and ITS4, and deposited in GenBank (Accession No JX315717). The sequence was 498 bp in length and showed 100% identity with sequences deposited for M. polystroma in NCBI GenBank (JN128835, AM937114, GU067539). Pathogenicity was confirmed by wound-inoculating five surface-sterilized, mature apple fruit with mycelium plugs (5 mm in diameter) of both isolates grown on PDA. Control fruit were inoculated with sterile PDA plugs. After 3 days of incubation in plastic containers, under high humidity (RH 90 to 95%) at 22 ± 1°C, typical symptoms of brown rot developed on inoculated fruit, while control fruit remained symptomless. Isolates recovered from symptomatic fruit showed the same morphological and molecular characteristics as original isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of M. polystroma in Serbia. Further studies are necessary to estimate the economic importance and geographic distribution of this organism in Serbia. References: (1) M.-J. Côté et al. Plant Dis. 88:1219, 2004. (2) M. Hilber-Bodmer et al. Plant Dis. 96: 146, 2012. (3) G. C. M. van Leeuwen et al. Mycol. Res. 106: 444, 2002. (4) OEPP/EPPO Reporting Service. Retrieved from http://archives.eppo.int/EPPOReporting/2011/Rse-1106.pdf
First Report of Kudzu mosaic virus on Pueraria montana (Kudzu) in China
Authors: Zhang J. , Wu Z. J. 
Published: December 2012

Kudzu (Pueraria montana), a weed widely distributed in southern China, is common in the Fuzhou region of Fujian Province, where many plants show yellow vein mosaic disease. In September 2008, four leaf samples from different plants exhibiting yellow vein mosaic symptom were collected in suburban district of Fuzhou (25°15′ N, 118°08′ E). Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) infestation was also observed in this region. Total DNA was extracted from all samples using a CTAB method (4). Universal primers (PA/PB) were used to amplify part of the intergenic region and coat protein gene of DNA-A of begomoviruses (1). An amplicon of approximately 500 bp was obtained from all four samples and then sequenced. Comparison of 500-bp fragments (GenBank Accession Nos. FJ539016-18 and FJ539014) revealed the presence of the same virus (98.8 to 99.4%). A pair of back-to-back primers (Yg3FL-F: 5′-GGATCCTTTGTTGAACGCCTTTCC-3′/Yg3FL-R: 5′-GGATCCCACATGTTTAAAGTAAAGC-3′) were designed to amplify the full-length DNA-A from the Chinese isolate identified as Yg3. Sequence analysis showed that full-length DNA-A of Yg3 isolate comprised 2,729 nucleotides (GenBank Accession No. FJ539014) and shared the highest nucleotide sequence identity (91.9%) with Kudzu mosaic virus (KuMV, GenBank Accession No. DQ641690) from Vietnam. To further test the association of DNA-B fragments with the four samples from southern China, rolling circle amplification (RCA) was performed (3). When RCA products were digested with Sph I, approximately 2.7 kb was obtained from all samples. Yg3 isolate was chosen to be sequenced. Sequence analysis showed that full-length DNA-B of Yg3 isolate comprised 2,677 nucleotides (GenBank Accession No. FJ539015) and shared the highest nucleotide sequence identity (76.8%) with KuMV DNA-B (GenBank Accession No. DQ641691) from Vietnam. Based on the current convention of begomovirus species demarcation of <89% sequence identity cut-off criterion (2), Yg3 was identified as an isolate of KuMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of association of KuMV with yellow vein mosaic symptom of kudzu in China. References: (1). D. Deng et al. Annals Appl. Biol. 125:327, 1994. (2). C. M. Fauquet et al. Arch. Virol. 148:405, 2003. (3). D. Haible et al. J. Virol. Methods 135:9, 2006. (4). Y. Xie et al. Chinese Sci. Bull. 47:197, 2002.
The life cycle, achievements and transformation of the New Zealand Mental Health Commission: opportunities and risks
Authors: McGeorge Peter 
Published: December 2012

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to describe the “organisational lifecycle” of the New Zealand Mental Health Commission (NZ MHC) including factors that led to it being established, the evolving phases of the work it undertook and its key achievements, the critical success factors, the rationale behind its disestablishment and transfer of its core functions to another entity.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is a review of relevant documents and interviews of previous Commissioners, and insights of the final two Chair Commissioners and authors.FindingsThe NZ MHC was established to provide government with independent advice on how to develop the capacity and capability of mental health and addictions services for those people with the highest and most complex needs, estimated to be approximately 3 percent of the population. Having successfully led changes to achieve this goal as set out in The Blueprint of 1998 it is now influencing government policy and services to achieve better mental health and well‐being for the whole population as per Blueprint II, published in 2012. The NZ Government clearly values the role of Mental Health Commissioner which has been transferred to the Office of the Health and Disability Commissioner from July 2012 at the time the Commission is disestablished.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper relies on insights of those in Commission leadership roles.Practical implicationsOther Commissions may gain insight into their own evolutionary pathways and proactively manage them.Social implicationsOptimal mental health and wellbeing for society requires policy that simultaneously takes a “whole of society” approach and focuses on responding to people with the highest needs.Originality/valueThe paper shows that there are significant concerns about the disestablishment of the Mental Health Commission in New Zealand and little understanding of the underlying rationale for the organisational changes.