bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formaldehyde Emission Rates from Carpeting in the Home Environment
Authors: Carver Marie N. 
Published: June 2014

Many consumerproducts releaseformaldehyde (CH2O) into the atmosphere at varying rates. A Formaldehyde Surface Emission Monitor (FSEM) was used to measure formaldehyde release after conditioning 40 carpet samples. Emitted CH2O was analyzed by using a water rinse desorption, colorimetric procedure and measured spectrophotometrically using pararosaniline. Emission rate coefficients (μg/m 2d) were calculated for each sample. The emission rate coefficients were then used to estimate contributions (ppb) of CH2O to an average room in the home. Results indicated that the average emission rate coefficients rangedfrom 9.0 to 102.2 μg/m 2d. Carpet samples which had darker color values emitted more CH 2O than those having lighter color values. Carpet samples of high, cut loops emitted more CH2O than those oflow, uncut loops. No relationship was found to exist between the amount of CH2O emitted and fiber content. The estimated CH2O contribution to an average room rangedfrom 14 to 142 ppb.
Imported Versus U.S.-Produced Ladies' Sportswear: Retail Buyers' Attitudes and Practices
Authors: Atkins T. Virginia , Jenkins Martha C. 
Published: June 2014

Ladies' sportswear buyers for retail establishments were surveyed regarding attitudes and buying practices. Hypotheses were tested concerning buyers' 1) perceptions of quality of imports, 2) awareness of the impact of imported apparel on the domestic industry, and 3) opinions and practices by type of store—department, discount, specialty—for which they worked. Most buyers reported purchasing imports and only 8% indicated they made less profit on them. Buyers were almost equally divided on whether or not imports hurt the domestic industry. Results of chi-square tests indicated that 1) buyers' perception of quality differed relative to profit made on imports and by range of high price points purchased; 2) buyers' awareness of impact of imported apparel on the domestic industry differed relative to percentage of imports purchased, reason given for that opinion, profit made on imports, and whether imports were obtained from Korea; 3) buyers for department, discount, and specialty stores differed relative to percentage of sportswear bought by the resident buying office and price line of merchandise.
Retail Buyers: Perceptions of the Apparel Industry "Buy American" Campaign
Authors: Tolbert Sheila , Sternquist Brenda , Davis Bonnie 
Published: June 2014

The influence of the "Buy American" campaign on retail buyers appears to be negligible. Few buyers are actually using campaign materials and buyers are reluctant to begin using materials if made available. R-type factor analysis was used to condense buyers' responses to eight Likert-type statements. Buyers were classified into two typologies, Potential Promoters and Active Promoters. Analysis of variance was used to investigate differences among the store types. In addition, analysis of covariance was used to determine the effect of controlling for age, education, and salary. Two demographic variables, age and salary, are related to retail buyers' views about the "Buy American" campaign. Older buyers are more likely to be actively promoting the "Buy American" campaign or more willing to promote the campaign in thefuture. High salary earners were less likely currently or in the future to promote the "Buy American" campaign.
Clothing and Human Values: A Two-Dimensional Model for Measurement
Authors: Sontag M. Suzanne , Schlater Jean D. 
Published: June 2014

This paper describes a model, based on a human ecological perspective, for the study of human values and uses the model to organize clothing and human values research. We have developed a two-dimensional matrix based on focus and subject-object inclusion as a model to classify past values research and guide the conduct of future values research. We propose that values investigations may be grouped according to three foci: Content, Structure, and Process. Additionally, we identify three measurement approaches for valuation on the basis of subject-object inclusion: Subject-only, Subject-object reactive, and Subject-object interactive. Researchers could apply this model to many domains of interest, such as housing, family, work, or clothing. To illustrate its usefulness, we employed the matrix to classify clothing and human values research conducted from 1960-1992. Most research employed a content or structure focus within a subject-only or subject-object reactive approach. New frontiers for values research and measurement are proposed.
Investigation of Selected Tactile and Thermal Characteristics of Upholstery Fabrics
Authors: Wilson Cheryl A. , Laing Raechel M. 
Published: June 2014

To facilitate appropriate selection of fiber, fabric and product variables (fiber content, fabric structure and product design) during manufacture it is desirable to know what, if any, relationships exist among the fiber, fabric, tactile and thermal properties and acceptability of fabrics. This information would allow targeting of products towards specific end-uses such as upholstery. Possible interrelationships among selected objective (temperature, humidity) and subjective factors (tactility, thermal acceptability, satisfaction), product acceptability and subject preferences for a range of upholstery fabrics were examined Upholstery samples in seat cover form were assessed in a controlled environment of 23 ± 2°C, 55 ± 2% R.H. Tactile assessment was performed before and after controlled environment testing. Some small differences in tactile rankings before and after controlled environment testing did occur in the case of the wool/polyester samples. Distinct thermal acceptability, temperature and humidity profiles (both objective and subjective) were identified although these differences were not statistically significant. Significant differentiation among fabrics on the basis of thermal acceptability, temperature and humidity alone was not possible. Lack of significant differences among fabrics perceived temperature and wetness profiles suggested other variables influence consumer judgment of thermal acceptability over time. This was confirmed by subjects overall assessment of fabrics, which differed significantly among samples.
Induction of sister chromatid exchanges and cell division delays by clomiphene citrate in human lymphocytes
Authors: Yilmaz S , Ünal F , Yüzbaşioğlu D , Gönenç İM 
Published: June 2014

Objective: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator and is used for the treatment of in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, intrauterine insemination, and so on. In this study, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and cell cycle delays were analyzed to investigate genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of CC in peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy women. Methods: Human peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from two donors were used to detect genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of CC. Lymphocytes were treated with various concentrations (0.40, 0.80, 1.60, and 3.20 µg/ml) of CC. A negative (distilled water) and a positive control (mitomycin-C = 0.20 µg/ml) were also used simultaneously with test substance-treated cultures. SCEs and cell division delays were measured from 25 cells and 100 cells perdonor, respectively. Results: CC significantly increased the mean SCE value at all concentrations compared with the negative control. This increase was found to be dose dependent ( r = 0.83) and at the highest concentration, nearly two times higher increase was observed than the negative control. However, replication index was not affected by the CC treatment. Conclusion: The present study shows that CC is genotoxic for human lymphocytes in vitro. Further investigations, especially in vivo are now needed in different test organisms to clarify the genotoxic activity of CC, which should also help to better understand genotoxic mechanism of this ovulation-stimulating drug.
Femoral Vein Repair of Arterial Infections
Authors: Budtz-Lilly Jacob , Eldrup Nikolaj , Vammen Sten , Laustsen Jesper 
Published: June 2014

Introduction: Success with the neoaortoiliac system (NAIS) bypass has previously been reported. Drawbacks to this procedure include prolonged operative times and significant morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a 2-team approach in addition to a consistent anastomosis technique reduces the operative time of the NAIS procedure. Methods: A single-center retrospective review was performed for operations using femoral vein in arterial reconstruction from 2003 to 2012. Results: A total of 40 patients, 25 men and 15 women, were included for analysis. Median operative time for all operations was 300 minutes (interquartile range). Thirty-day mortality was 7.5% (n = 3). Assisted primary patency at 1 year was 100%. Conclusion: A 2-surgical team approach can reduce the operative time by up to 50%. This improves the attractiveness of this procedure, particularly when recalling that the treatment is definitive by virtue of its eradication of the source of infection.
Inference about the expected performance of a data-driven dynamic treatment regime
Authors: Chakraborty Bibhas , Laber Eric B , Zhao Ying-Qi 
Published: June 2014

Background A dynamic treatment regime (DTR) comprises a sequence of decision rules, one per stage of intervention, that recommends how to individualize treatment to patients based on evolving treatment and covariate history. These regimes are useful for managing chronic disorders, and fit into the larger paradigm of personalized medicine. The Value of a DTR is the expected outcome when the DTR is used to assign treatments to a population of interest. Purpose The Value of a data-driven DTR, estimated using data from a Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial, is both a data-dependent parameter and a non-smooth function of the underlying generative distribution. These features introduce additional variability that is not accounted for by standard methods for conducting statistical inference, for example, the bootstrap or normal approximations, if applied without adjustment. Our purpose is to provide a feasible method for constructing valid confidence intervals (CIs) for this quantity of practical interest. Methods We propose a conceptually simple and computationally feasible method for constructing valid CIs for the Value of an estimated DTR based on subsampling. The method is self-tuning by virtue of an approach called the double bootstrap. We demonstrate the proposed method using a series of simulated experiments. Results The proposed method offers considerable improvement in terms of coverage rates of the CIs over the standard bootstrap approach. Limitations In this article, we have restricted our attention to Q-learning for estimating the optimal DTR. However, other methods can be employed for this purpose; to keep the discussion focused, we have not explored these alternatives. Conclusion Subsampling-based CIs provide much better performance compared to standard bootstrap for the Value of an estimated DTR.
Screen failure data in clinical trials: Are screening logs worth it?
Authors: Elm Jordan J , Palesch Yuko , Easton J Donald , Lindblad Anne , Barsan William , Silbergleit Robert , Conwit Robin , Dillon Catherine , Farrant Mary , Battenhouse Holly , Perlmutter Aaron , Johnston S Claiborne 
Published: June 2014

Background Clinical trials frequently spend considerable effort to collect data on patients who were assessed for eligibility but not enrolled. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines’ recommended flow diagram for randomized clinical trials reinforces the belief that the collection of screening data is a necessary and worthwhile endeavor. The rationale for collecting screening data includes scientific, trial management, and ethno-socio-cultural reasons. Purpose We posit that the cost of collecting screening data is not justified, in part due to inability to centrally monitor and verify the screening data in the same manner as other clinical trial data. Methods To illustrate the effort and site-to-site variability, we analyzed the screening data from a multicenter, randomized clinical trial of patients with transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke (Platelet-Oriented Inhibition in New Transient Ischemic Attack and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT)). Results Data were collected on over 27,000 patients screened across 172 enrolling sites, 95% of whom were not enrolled. Although the rate of return of screen failure logs was high overall (95%), there were a considerable number of logs that were returned with ‘no data to report’ (23%), often due to administrative reasons rather than no patients screened. Conclusion In spite of attempts to standardize the collection of screening data, due to differences in site processes, multicenter clinical trials face challenges in collecting those data completely and uniformly. The efforts required to centrally collect high-quality data on an extensive number of screened patients may outweigh the scientific value of the data. Moreover, the lack of a standardized definition of ‘screened’ and the challenges of collecting meaningful characteristics for patients who have not signed consent limits the ability to compare across studies and to assess generalizability and selection bias as intended.
Treatment With Novel Galactomannan Derivative Reduces 2-Hour Postprandial Glucose Excursions in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Oral Medications and/or Insulin
Authors: Trask Laura E. , Chaidarun Sushela S. , Platt David , Parkin Christopher G. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Galactomannan is an insoluble polysaccharide that has been shown to reduce postprandial excursions. We assessed the impact of a novel galactomannan derivative (PAZ320) on the magnitude of 2-hour postprandial glucose excursions in individuals with type 2 diabetes who were being treated with oral medication and/or insulin. Methods: Investigators recently reported findings from a single-center, open-label, prospective study that evaluated the efficacy of PAZ320 in 24 subjects with type 2 diabetes who were treated with oral antidiabetic agents and/or insulin. End points included adverse events and area under the curve during 3-hour postprandial glucose excursion (gAUC). Subjects consumed a test meal without PAZ320 at baseline and then ingested low-dose (8 g) and high-dose (16 g) PAZ320 with test meals at subsequent intervention visits. A post hoc analysis was conducted to determine changes in 2-hour postprandial glucose excursions. Results: Among the 20 subjects for whom data were available for all clinic visit test meals, 15 (75%) responded to low-dose, high-dose, or both medication dosages. Low-dose responders (n = 8) experienced clinically significant improvements in 2-hour postprandial glucose excursions from baseline excursions compared with nonresponders (–28.00 ± 25.97 mg/dL vs 23.42 ± 11.45 mg/dL, P = .005). Similar differences were seen in high-dose responders (–28.82 ± 24.26 vs 33.89 ± 20.56 mg/dL, P < .0001). Conclusions: PAZ320 was shown to be safe in all patients studied and effective in controlling postprandial glucose in a large portion of the study population. Additional studies are needed to determine its long-term effects on HbA1c and to further define which subpopulation(s) may respond to PAZ320 therapy.
Isolated trisomy 13 defines a homogeneous AML subgroup with high frequency of mutations in spliceosome genes and poor prognosis
Authors: Herold Tobias , Metzeler Klaus H. , Vosberg Sebastian , Hartmann Luise , Röllig Christoph , Stölzel Friedrich , Schneider Stephanie , Hubmann Max , Zellmeier Evelyn , Ksienzyk Bianka , Jurinovic Vindi , Pasalic Zlatana , Kakadia Purvi M. , Dufour Annika , Graf Alexander , Krebs Stefan , Blum Helmut , Sauerland Maria Cristina , Büchner Thomas , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Woermann Bernhard J. , Bornhäuser Martin , Ehninger Gerhard , Mansmann Ulrich , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Bohlander Stefan K. , Spiekermann Karsten , Greif Philipp A. 
Published: June 2014

Key PointsAML patients with isolated trisomy 13 have a very poor clinical outcome Isolated trisomy 13 in AML is associated with a high frequency of mutations in SRSF2 (81%) and RUNX1 (75%)
HLA-haploidentical transplantation with regulatory and conventional T-cell adoptive immunotherapy prevents acute leukemia relapse
Authors: Martelli Massimo F. , Di Ianni Mauro , Ruggeri Loredana , Falzetti Franca , Carotti Alessandra , Terenzi Adelmo , Pierini Antonio , Massei Maria Speranza , Amico Lucia , Urbani Elena , Del Papa Beatrice , Zei Tiziana , Iacucci Ostini Roberta , Cecchini Debora , Tognellini Rita , Reisner Yair , Aversa Franco , Falini Brunangelo , Velardi Andrea 
Published: June 2014

Key PointsHaploidentical transplantation with regulatory and conventional T-cell adoptive immunotherapy prevents high-risk acute leukemia relapse. The GVL effect is separated from GVHD even across major HLA barriers.
MicroRNA response to hypoxic stress in soft tissue sarcoma cells: microRNA mediated regulation of HIF3α
Authors: Gits Caroline MM , van Kuijk Patricia F , de Rijck Jonneke CWM , Muskens Nikky , Jonkers Moniek BE , van IJcken Wilfred F , Mathijssen Ron HJ , Verweij Jaap , Sleijfer Stefan , Wiemer Erik AC 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundHypoxia is often encountered in solid tumors and known to contribute to aggressive tumor behavior, radiation- and chemotherapy resistance resulting in a poor prognosis for the cancer patient. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the regulation of the tumor cell response to hypoxia, however, not much is known about the involvement of miRNAs in hypoxic signalling pathways in soft tissue sarcomas (STS).MethodA panel of twelve STS cell lines was exposed to atmospheric oxygen concentrations (normoxia) or 1% oxygen (hypoxia) for up to 48 h. Hypoxic conditions were verified and miRNA expression profiles were assessed by LNA™ oligonucleotide microarrays and RT-PCR after 24 h. The expression of target genes regulated by hypoxia responsive miRNAs is examined by end-point PCR and validated by luciferase reporter constructs.ResultsExposure of STS cell lines to hypoxic conditions gave rise to upregulation of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) 1α protein levels and increased mRNA expression of HIF1 target genes CA9 and VEGFA. Deregulation of miRNA expression after 24 h of hypoxia was observed. The most differentially expressed miRNAs (p < 0.001) in response to hypoxia were miR-185-3p, miR-485-5p, miR-216a-5p (upregulated) and miR-625-5p (downregulated). The well-known hypoxia responsive miR-210-3p could not be reliably detected by the microarray platform most likely for technical reasons, however, its upregulation upon hypoxic stress was apparent by qPCR. Target prediction algorithms identified 11 potential binding sites for miR-485-5p and a single putative miR-210-3p binding site in the 3’UTR of HIF3α, the least studied member of the HIF family. We showed that HIF3α transcripts, expressing a 3’UTR containing the miR-485-5p and miR-210-3p target sites, are expressed in all sarcoma cell lines and upregulated upon hypoxia. Additionally, luciferase reporter constructs containing the 3’UTR of HIF3α were used to demonstrate regulation of HIF3α by miR-210-3p and miR-485-5p.ConclusionHere we provide evidence for the miRNA mediated regulation of HIF3α by hypoxia responsive miRNAs in STS, which may help to tightly regulate and fine-tune the hypoxic response. This provides a better insight into the mechanisms underlying the hypoxic response in STS and may ultimately yield information on novel prognostic and predictive markers or targets for treatment.
The Korean Society for Biomaterials joins forces with BioMed Central
Authors: Noh Insup 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

It is my pleasure to usher in a new era for
Biomaterials Research
in 2014: gold open access. The journal has a long history of publishing research across the broad spectrum of biomedical materials. Supported by the Korea Research Foundation, it was founded in 1996 as the official journal of the Korean Society for Biomaterials.
Biomaterials Research
now joins BioMed Central’s portfolio of open access journals.
Enhanced neutrophil extracellular trap generation in rheumatoid arthritis: analysis of underlying signal transduction pathways and potential diagnostic utility
Authors: Sur Chowdhury Chanchal , Giaglis Stavros , Walker Ulrich A , Buser Andreas , Hahn Sinuhe , Hasler Paul 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have recently been implicated in a number of autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined the underlying signaling pathways triggering enhanced NETosis in RA and ascertained whether the products of NETosis had diagnostic implications or usefulness.

Methods
Neutrophils were isolated from RA patients with active disease and from controls. Spontaneous NET formation from RA and control neutrophils was assessed in vitro with microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for NETosis-derived products. The analysis of the signal-transduction cascade included reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, myeloperoxidase (MPO), neutrophil elastase (NE), peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), and citrullinated histone 3 (citH3). NET formation was studied in response to serum and synovial fluid and immunoglobulin G (IgG) depleted and reconstituted serum. Serum was analyzed for NETosis-derived products, for which receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated.

Results
Neutrophils from RA cases exhibited increased spontaneous NET formation in vitro, associated with elevated ROS production, enhanced NE and MPO expression, nuclear translocation of PAD4, PAD4-mediated citrullination of H3, and altered nuclear morphology. NET formation in both anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)-positive and -negative RA was abolished by IgG depletion, but restored only with ACPA-positive IgG. NETosis-derived products in RA serum demonstrated diagnostic potential, the ROC area under the curve for cell-free nucleosomes being >97%, with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 92%. No significant difference was observed between ACPA-positive and -negative cases.

Conclusions
Signaling elements associated with the extrusion of NETs are significantly enhanced to promote NETosis in RA compared with healthy controls. NETosis depended on the presence of ACPA in ACPA-positive RA serum. The quantitation of NETosis-derived products, such as cell-free nucleosomes in serum, may be a useful complementary tool to discriminate between healthy controls and RA cases.
Aripiprazole once-monthly for treatment of schizophrenia: double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority study
Authors: Fleischhacker W. Wolfgang , Sanchez Raymond , Perry Pamela P. , Jin Na , Peters-Strickland Timothy , Johnson Brian R. , Baker Ross A. , Eramo Anna , McQuade Robert D. , Carson William H. , Walling David , Kane John M. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundLong-acting injectable formulations of antipsychotics are treatment alternatives to oral agents.AimsTo assess the efficacy of aripiprazole once-monthly compared with oral aripiprazole for maintenance treatment of schizophrenia.MethodA 38-week, double-blind, active-controlled, non-inferiority study; randomisation (2:2:1) to aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg, oral aripiprazole (10–30 mg/day) or aripiprazole once-monthly 50mg (a dose below the therapeutic threshold for assay sensitivity). (Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00706654.)ResultsA total of 1118 patients were screened, and 662 responders to oral aripiprazole were randomised. Kaplan–Meier estimated impending relapse rates at week 26 were 7.12% for aripiprazole once-monthly 400mg and 7.76% for oral aripiprazole. This difference (−0.64%, 95% CI −5.26 to 3.99) excluded the predefined non-inferiority margin of 11.5%. Treatments were superior to aripiprazole once-monthly 50mg (21.80%, P⩽0.001).ConclusionsAripiprazole once-monthly 400mg was non-inferior to oral aripiprazole, and the reduction in Kaplan–Meier estimated impending relapse rate at week 26 was statistically significant v. aripiprazole once-monthly 50 mg.