bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early molecular responses of bone to obstructive nephropathy induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice
Authors: GU SA‐SA , ZHANG YAN , WU SHU‐YAN , DIAO TENG‐YUE , GEBRU YOSEPH ASMELASH , DENG HONG‐WEN 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT:Aim:  This study was performed to address the bone injury and the early molecular responses of bone to obstructive nephropathy induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice.Methods:  The male mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO, n = 10) or sham operation (n = 10). All mice were killed on day 7 after the surgical operation. Hematoxylin and eosin and tartate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining were performed on paraffin‐embedded bone sections. Expression of genes and proteins was analyzed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining, respectively.Results:  The serum calcium level was significantly reduced in UUO mice compared with that of Sham mice. The proximal tibia of UUO mice exhibited the increased expansion of chondrocytes zone, the reduction of osteoid content, and the increased separation and disconnection of woven bones. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction results showed the downregulation of Cbfa1 and Col mRNA expression and the upregulation of Tgf‐β, CtsK, CaII, Opg and Rankl mRNA expression in tibia of UUO mice compared to those of Sham mice. The ratio of Opg and Rankl was unchanged between Sham and the UUO group. Local protein expression of angiotensin II and its type 2 receptor was dramatically upregulated in tibia of UUO mice.Conclusion:  Together, it is concluded that the obstructive nephropathy has defective effects on bone, and the underlying mechanisms are the reduction of bone formation and the increase of bone resorption, which is mediated, at least partially through local angiotensin II signalling.
Surgical pulmonary embolectomy: mid‐term outcomes
Authors: Marshall Lachlan , Mundy Julie , Garrahy Paul , Christopher Sannah , Wood Annabelle , Griffin Rayleene , Shah Pallav 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundDespite the widespread use of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in hospitalized patients, pulmonary embolism continues to occur. Massive pulmonary embolism is associated with a high mortality. Surgical embolectomy has traditionally been reserved for cases with haemodynamic collapse or where thrombolysis is contraindicated or has failed.MethodsData on 10 patients who underwent surgical embolectomy (40% male, mean age 49 years (range 25–72)) from January 2003 to February 2010 were prospectively collected and retrospectively analysed.ResultsDiagnosis was made using computed tomography pulmonary angiography in eight patients and echocardiography in two. Syncope was the most common presenting symptom (7 out of 10, 70%) and relative immobilization was the most common risk factor (7 out of 10, 70%). Four patients (40%) suffered preoperative cardiac arrest, with a further two on induction of anaesthesia. Thirty‐day mortality was 4 out of 10 (40%), with one late death. Mean follow‐up of five survivors was 39 months and included clinic review or telephone interview, SF‐36 questionnaire for quality of life, transthoracic echocardiography for right ventricular (RV) function and respiratory function testing. All survivors received an inferior vena cava filter and 6 months of anticoagulation with no cases of recurrent thromboembolism. RV systolic dysfunction was severe in all cases prior to surgery, but improved to near normal at follow‐up.ConclusionsSurvivors had good quality of life, were functionally NYHA class I–II with normal respiratory function.
Operating principles for running a clinical quality registry: are they feasible?
Authors: Ogilvy Michelle , Kollias James 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe National Breast Cancer Audit (NBCA) was one of six national registries selected by open tender to test and validate the draft Operating Principles and Technical Standards for Australian Clinical Quality Registries. The standardization proposed by the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care through this initiative sought to improve the overall efficiency and function of registries, as well as compatibility between registries. The NBCA's role involved testing, and implementing where possible, the proposed principles and standards in the NBCA environment so as to validate them in an operating registry.MethodsThe forty‐two draft operating principles were evaluated by the NBCA based on four factors: relevance to the audit, feasibility of implementation by the audit, extent of difficulty in implementation and extent of improvement. An evaluation of the technical standards was also conducted.ResultsAt the completion of the project, the audit met 27 of the 42 draft principles with only three principles marked as entirely unfeasible or not relevant to the NBCA. The remaining principles were either in the process of being implemented, implemented in part or awaiting discussion through governance channels.ConclusionA revised principles and standards document has been produced. This will have a significant impact on quality of care in Australia as more audits and registries use it as a guide. Changes implemented at the NBCA have enhanced the audit as a tool for improving the quality of care received by early breast cancer patients.
Outcome of arthroscopic treatment for cam type femoroacetabular impingement in adolescents
Authors: Tran Phong , Pritchard Michael , O'Donnell John 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundHip arthroscopy has become an established procedure in adults with well‐published results. These techniques have been extended to the teenage population, but the literature remains limited in regard to indications, efficacy, outcomes and complications specific to the paediatric population.Hypothesis/purposeThe purpose of this study was to report the short‐term outcome of the arthroscopic treatment of cam‐type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in the skeletally immature adolescent population with open growth plates, with the hypothesis that it is a safe procedure, with good clinical outcomes and low complication rates.Study designThe study design of this article was a multicentre prospective longitudinal case series.MethodsFrom 2008–2009, 34 consecutive patients who were 18 years or younger at the date of operation (41 hips) with open proximal femoral growth plates had arthroscopic hip surgery for treatment of cam‐type FAI and associated lesions by use of the lateral decubitus position by two surgeons. Data were collected prospectively including the modified Harris hip score (MHHS), nonarthritic hip score (NAHS), satisfaction survey and complications. Mean follow‐up was 14 months (range 1–2 years).ResultsAll hips were available for review. The mean age of patients was 15.7 years with the most common sport activity being Australian Football League, netball and rugby. All patients had cam‐type impingement, with the most common associated lesions being acetabular rim lesions (82.9%) and pincer impingement (22%). The labrum underwent debridement in 31.7% of cases, and was repaired in 17.1%. The MHHS and NAHS improved in all patients post‐operatively, 77.39–94.15 and 76.34–93.18, respectively. A percentage of 78.1 were able to return to full sporting activity and 88.2% were satisfied with the operation. There were no complications.ConclusionsUsing hip arthroscopy to treat cam‐type impingement and associated lesions in the adolescent population, we confirmed our hypothesis with observed high satisfaction levels, return to sports, significant improvement in post‐operative hip scores (MHHS and NAHS) and no complications.
Atypical subtrochanteric fractures, bisphosphonates, blinded radiological review
Authors: Warren Christopher , Gilchrist Nigel , Coates Mark , Frampton Chris , Helmore Joy , McKie John , Hooper Gary 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundRecent reports have suggested that a certain type of subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures maybe associated with bisphosphonate (BP) therapy. We assessed the association between BP use in atypical and typical femoral fractures in a retrospective study and also looked at the rate of coding errors.MethodsAll cases between July 2003 and June 2008 with International Classification of Disease, 10th revision discharge codes for femoral fractures (S72.2 subtrochanteric and S72.3 fracture of shaft of femur) were reviewed. Cases were excluded if there was significant trauma, underlying bone disease or coding error. The remaining cases’ films were assessed by an independent, blinded, single radiologist to assess for atypical features (thickened cortices, transverse fractures, medial cortical spike) with additional exclusion criteria of periprosthetic fractures and bone pathology. Odds ratios were calculated comparing BP use in atypical and typical fractures.ResultsSix atypical fractures were found in the study period. Compared with the 65 typical fractures, there was an association between BP use and atypical fractures (odds ratio 5.5) but it did not reach statistical significance (0.97–31). Atypical femoral fractures accounted for <0.1% of total fracture admissions during this period. There was a 20% rate of miscoding.ConclusionThis study shows a nonsignificant trend towards alendronate/BP use and atypical femoral fractures compared with typical femoral fractures. These fractures were rare <0.1% and the benefit and treatment of osteoporosis with BPs currently seems likely to outweigh the perceived risks. Individual case and radiology review is important as coding errors were frequent.
Managing potential conflict of interest in journal article publication
Authors: O'Brien Louise , Lakeman Richard , O'Brien Anthony 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe issue of potential conflict of interest and its risk to professional integrity in journal article publication has been strongly debated in medical circles. Most medical journals adhere to international requirements for disclosure of potential conflict of interest. The debate on this issue in nursing, and specifically mental health nursing, has been neither prolific nor strong, despite nursing's potential to influence particular viewpoints about treatment and indeed to prescribe particular treatments; and nursing being a target for pharmaceutical industry marketing. The purpose of this paper is to raise debate about potential conflict of interest in journal article publication and to make recommendations for the management of such potential for this journal.
Integrated co‐regulation of bacterial arsenic and phosphorus metabolisms
Authors: Kang Yoon‐Suk , Heinemann Joshua , Bothner Brian , Rensing Christopher , McDermott Timothy R. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryArsenic ranks first on the US Environmental Protection Agency Superfund List of Hazardous Substances. Its mobility and toxicity depend upon chemical speciation, which is significantly driven by microbial redox transformations. Genome sequence‐enabled surveys reveal that in many microorganisms genes essential to arsenite (AsIII) oxidation are located immediately adjacent to genes coding for functions associated with phosphorus (Pi) acquisition, implying some type of functional importance to the metabolism of As, Pi or both. We extensively document how expression of genes key to AsIII oxidation and the Pi stress response are intricately co‐regulated in the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. These observations significantly expand our understanding of how environmental factors influence microbial AsIII metabolism and contribute to the current discussion of As and P metabolism in the microbial cell.
Ocular abnormalities in healthy Standardbred foals
Authors: Barsotti Giovanni , Sgorbini Micaela , Marmorini Paola , Corazza Michele 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjective To determine the prevalence and describe ocular abnormalities in healthy Standardbred foals within 48 h of birth.Animals One hundred and two neonatal foals.Procedures All foals had an unassisted delivery. On the basis of physical examination and the results of hematological and biochemical parameters, all foals were unaffected by systemic diseases. A complete ophthalmic examination was performed within 48 h of birth. Foals with ocular hemorrhages were re‐examined weekly until the abnormalities were resolved.Results 65/102 (63.7%) foals did not show ocular abnormalities, while in 37/102 (36.3%) cases, ocular abnormalities were present. Retinal and subconjunctival hemorrhages were recorded in 19/102 (18.6%), and in 13/102 (12.7%), respectively. In 4/102 (3.9%) animals, an entropion of the lower eyelid was present. Only one foal (1%) showed a congenital nuclear unilateral cataract. No other ocular abnormalities were detected. However, all foals showed various degrees of remnants of hyaloid system. One week after the first ocular examination, retinal hemorrhages had resolved in 100% of the eyes, whereas subconjunctival hemorrhages had disappeared in all eyes by the second week following the first examination.Conclusions The acquired ocular lesions observed with relatively high frequency in the examined healthy Standardbred foals were ocular hemorrhages, which always showed a good outcome. Although these abnormalities were present at birth, they were not considered strictly congenital but likely acquired during parturition. Instead, congenital ocular abnormalities were rarely diagnosed, and the entropion of the lower eyelid was the most common disease in the breed.
DATA‐DRIVEN ANALYSIS OF EMOTION IN TEXT USING LATENT AFFECTIVE FOLDING AND EMBEDDING
Authors: Bellegarda Jerome R. 
Published: September 2012

Submitted to Special Issue on “Computational Approaches to Analysis of Emotion in Text”Guest editors:Diana InkpenandCarlo StrapparavaInitial publication:NAACL‐HLT 2010 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Analysis and Generation of Emotion in Text, June 5, 2010, Los Angeles, CAThough data‐driven in nature, emotion analysis based on latent semantic analysis still relies on some measure of expert knowledge to isolate the emotional keywords or keysets necessary to the construction of affective categories. This makes it vulnerable to any discrepancy between the ensuing taxonomy of affective states and the underlying domain of discourse. This paper proposes a more general strategy which leverages two separate semantic levels: one that encapsulates the foundations of the domain considered, and one that specifically accounts for the overall affective fabric of the language. Exposing the emergent relationship between these two levels advantageously informs the emotion classification process. Empirical evidence suggests that this approach is promising for automatic emotion analysis in text. This bodes well for its deployability in a variety of applications, such as sentiment prediction.
Biharmonic Coordinates
Authors: Weber Ofir , Poranne Roi , Gotsman Craig 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBarycentric coordinates are an established mathematical tool in computer graphics and geometry processing, providing a convenient way of interpolating scalar or vector data from the boundary of a planar domain to its interior. Many different recipes for barycentric coordinates exist, some offering the convenience of a closed‐form expression, some providing other desirable properties at the expense of longer computation times. For example, harmonic coordinates, which are solutions to the Laplace equation, provide a long list of desirable properties (making them suitable for a wide range of applications), but lack a closed‐form expression.We derive a new type of barycentric coordinates based on solutions to the biharmonic equation. These coordinates can be considered a natural generalization of harmonic coordinates, with the additional ability to interpolate boundary derivative data. We provide an efficient and accurate way to numerically compute the biharmonic coordinates and demonstrate their advantages over existing schemes. We show that biharmonic coordinates are especially appealing for (but not limited to) 2D shape and image deformation and have clear advantages over existing deformation methods.
HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATIONS AND THE DEMAND FOR LOCAL LAND USE REGULATION
Authors: Cheung Ron , Meltzer Rachel 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTResidents pay into Homeowners Associations (HOAs) to exert greater control over service provision, their properties and those of their neighbors. HOAs enforce restrictions governing land use within their boundaries, but theory is ambiguous about their impact on public land use. By combining two novel data sets on Florida HOAs and municipal regulations, we examine how HOAs affect public land use regimes for 232 cities. We find that the prevalence of HOAs is positively associated with a propensity for regulation, as are newer and bigger HOAs. Also, HOAs are positively associated with land use techniques that direct development through incentives, rather than mandates.
Ultrasound assessment of oxaliplatin‐induced neuropathy and correlations with neurophysiologic findings
Authors: Briani C. , Campagnolo M. , Lucchetta M. , Cacciavillani M. , Dalla Torre C. , Granata G. , Bergamo F. , Lonardi S. , Zagonel V. , Cavaletti G. , Ermani M. , Padua L. 
Published: September 2012

Background and purposeChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy is a major adverse effect of oxaliplatin (OXL) treatment. Whereas neurophysiologic study is commonly used to assess the occurrence and severity of polyneuropathies, ultrasound (US) analysis of the peripheral nerves, an emerging technique in the study of peripheral nerve diseases, has never been used in chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy.Patients and methodsFifteen patients (four women; 11 men; mean age, 60.1 ± 10.6 years; median, 62; range, 37–75) with colorectal cancer treated with OXL‐based treatment have been clinically and neurophysiologically evaluated before and after OXL therapy. At the end of chemotherapy, all patients underwent also nerve US study at four limbs, and the findings correlated with clinical and neurophysiologic measures.ResultsClinical and neurophysiological evaluation showed that 13 of 15 (86.7%) patients developed sensory axonal neuropathy, 10 of whom severe (two or more sensory nerve action potential amplitude absent and the other amplitudes decreased of ≥50%). Nerve US did not reveal decreased cross‐sectional area (CSA), a reported finding in axonal neuropathies. Instead increased CSA at entrapment sites (median nerve at wrist and ulnar nerve at elbow) was found in 09/15 (60%) of patients.DiscussionSensory axonal neuropathy is a very common complication of OXL therapy, affecting almost 90% of patients. US findings of enlargement of median and ulnar nerves, mostly at entrapment sites, in patients with no history or symptoms of neuropathies at recruitment, and no neurophysiologic evidence of entrapment, may be expression of increased, OXL‐induced, nerve susceptibility to mechanical damage. An ongoing prospective study will help clarify these findings.
Two ways to overcome social uncertainty in social support networks: A test of the emancipation theory of trust by comparing kin/nonkin relationships
Authors: ISHIGURO ITARU , OKAMOTO YOICHI 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMany findings of previous research have supported the predictions of the emancipation theory of trust (Yamagishi, 2011) in experimental settings. Although the key concept of the theory is social uncertainty, few studies of the concept have been conducted in natural settings. In the present study, we operationally defined social uncertainty by comparing kin and nonkin relationships. We analyzed survey data representative of the Japanese population and compared the exchange of social support between kin and nonkin. The prediction was that commitment helps respondents construct cooperative nonkin relationships more than it does kin relationships, and general trust helps only resource‐rich respondents to do so. The results supported the predictions. The study found significant interactions with relationship type × commitment and relationship type × household income × general trust. The patterns of mean score for social support exchanged were consistent with the predictions. High trusters with low household income exchanged more support independent of the relationship type.
Categorization difficulty is associated with negative evaluation in the “uncanny valley” phenomenon
Authors: YAMADA YUKI , KAWABE TAKAHIRO , IHAYA KEIKO 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHuman observers often experience strongly negative impressions of human‐like objects falling within a particular range of visual similarity to real humans (the “uncanny valley” phenomenon). We hypothesized that negative impressions in the uncanny valley phenomenon are related to a difficulty in object categorization. We produced stimulus images by morphing two of each of real, stuffed, and cartoon human face images (Experiment 1). Observers were asked to categorize each of these images as either category and evaluated the likability of the image. The results revealed that the longest latency, the highest ambiguity in categorization, and the lowest likability score co‐occurred at consistent morphing percentages. Similar results were obtained even when we employed stimulus images that were created by morphing two of each of real, stuffed, and cartoon dog images (Experiment 2). However, the effect of categorization difficulty on evaluation was weak when two real human faces were morphed (Experiment 3). These results suggest that the difficulty in categorizing an object as either of two dissimilar categories is linked to negative evaluation regardless of whether the object is human‐related or not.
Larger bioavailability of soil phosphorus for irrigated rice compared with rainfed rice in Madagascar: results from a soil and plant survey
Authors: Rabeharisoa L. , Razanakoto O. R. , Razafimanantsoa M.‐P. , Rakotoson T. , Amery F. , Smolders E. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIrrigated rice is less prone generally to phosphorus (P) deficiency than rainfed rice because redox reactions release P upon soil flooding. It is not known whether that is also true in highly weathered soils of Madagascar where the combination of high soil Fe and low P input may impede significant release of P. Soils and flag leaf samples were collected in 2010 in 38 irrigated rice and 46 rainfed rice fields belonging to private farmers. A critical flag leaf P content was derived from a P‐dosed pot trial study with three soils, and the results suggested 2.4 g P/kg as the critical value. Average flag leaf P was significantly larger in irrigated than in rainfed rice (2.2 compared with 1.7 g P/kg), and flag leaf P was below the critical value in 76% of irrigated rice fields while this fraction was 100% in rainfed rice. Nitrogen and K deficiencies were less prevalent. Flag leaf P increased with increasing soil pH and soil pH explained partially differences in leaf P between irrigated and rainfed rice. Flag leaf P was unrelated to soil organic matter, but increased with oxalate‐extractable soil P (Po). Multiple regression analysis revealed greater leaf P at equal soil Po and equal pH in irrigated compared with rainfed rice. Grain yield estimates (1‐m2 squares) increased with flag leaf P but not with leaf N and K. In a regression model, about 42 % of the yield variance was explained with soil Po and a rice‐growing system. The survey suggests that P is the main limiting nutrient for rice, and that soil P bioavailability is larger for irrigated than for rainfed rice in weathered soils of Madagascar.