bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma cell periodontitis: A rare disease entity with unique clinical and histopathological features
Authors: Yasmine Hanine , Maryam Chaddadi , Reda El Ochi Mohamed , Amine Cherkaoui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Plasmacytoid mucositis is a rare form of periodontal disease characterized by the infiltration of plasma cells into the gingival tissues. This case report highlights a unique case of plasmacytoid mucositis with periodontal involvement in a young woman. A 32-year-old female presented with gingival hyperplasia and cheilitis. The clinical examination revealed the presence of deep periodontal pockets, severe gingival inflammation, and bone loss. The patient was treated with a combination of nonsurgical periodontal therapy, systemic antibiotics, and oral hygiene instructions. After 2 months of the treatment, the patient showed significant improvement in the clinical parameters. This case report adds to the existing literature on this condition, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment. It highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach involving periodontists, histopathologists, and microbiologists. The lesson to be learned from this case report is that plasmacytoid periodontitis should be considered and a biopsy should be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Impact of periodontal phenotype on the outcome of subgingival instrumentation in Stage II and III, Grade A and B periodontitis
Authors: Kant Krishan , Sharma Rajinder Kumar , Tanwar Nishi , Tewari Shikha , Sangwan Aditi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
The influence of periodontal phenotype (PP) has been documented in the outcomes of various surgical periodontal interventions such as crown lengthening, mucogingival surgery, implant restoration, and open flap debridement. Previous studies with smaller sample sizes have assessed the role of PP on the outcome of nonsurgical periodontal therapy with inconsistent results.

Aim:
The aim of the current interventional study is to estimate the influence of PP on the outcome of subgingival instrumentation in Stage II and III, Grade A and B periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-two patients (n = 27 thick PP and n = 25 thin PP) underwent subgingival instrumentation using ultrasonic scalers and curettes under local anesthesia in a single sitting, and periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline, 2, 4, and 6 months. The McNemar and Chi-square tests were applied for categorical data, whereas the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney U-test were applied for continuous data in intra- and intergroup comparisons, respectively.

Results:
Significantly better improvements in deeper pockets (>5 mm) with thick PP were observed. Loss of attachment was found in thin, bleeding on probing (BOP)-negative sites with an initial probing depth of ≤3 mm. However, BOP-positive sites belonging to both groups exhibited higher improvements in terms of clinical parameters.

Conclusion:
Probing depth, PP, and periodontal inflammation recorded in terms of BOP influence the gain in clinical attachment following subgingival instrumentation.
Assessment of nutritional status in chronic periodontitis patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhatsange Anuradha , Kamble Sanika Prakash 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
This cross-sectional study compared the nutritional status of chronic periodontitis (CP) patients who presented with various degrees of severity with systemically healthy individuals using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) tool along with laboratory analysis of macro- and micronutrients.

Materials and Methods:
This research enrolled a total of 84 participants, of which 63 belonged to the CP group while 21 served as healthy controls. The CP patients were divided into three groups of 21 each, based on severity as mild, moderate, and severe. Clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment level/loss, total number of teeth present [NOT-P], furcation involvement, pathological migration, and tooth mobility), biochemical parameters (lipid, protein, iron profiles, and Vitamin D3 and B12), and the MNA® tool were used to assess the nutritional status of all the participants. The results were analyzed statistically.

Results:
NOT-P, MNA score, lipid profile (except very-low-density lipoprotein), iron profile (except total iron-binding capacity), and Vitamin D3 showed high significant differences (P < 0.001) among the groups. However, Vitamin B12 and protein profile except for total protein revealed significant differences (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
CP can be a contributing risk factor for the development of malnutrition. MNA® tool can be used for assessing the nutritional status of CP patients.
Predictive Effect of Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase Variants on Vascular Related Crisis
Authors: Patel Suprava , Nanda Rachita , Hussain Nighat , Mohapatra Eli , Patra Pradeep Kumar 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Homocysteinemia is regarded as potential predictor for vaso-occlusive phenomenon often observed in sickle cell hemoglobinopathy. The objective was to determine the relationship of these genotypes with homocysteinemia and the predictive coefficient of these polymorphisms on the vascular-related crisis in the presence of sickle cell gene.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The case-control study comprised 89 children diagnosed with sickle disease with features of vascular crisis, 160 children without crisis and 252 apparently healthy children as the control group. The genotypes were assayed for C677T and A1298C variants and their association and predictor effect for homocysteinemia of different grades were analyzed. Sequential multiple regression model was used to assess the predictive effect.

RESULTS:
Homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the crisis group (P < 0.001). When compared to the wild genotype the variants depicted significantly raised homocysteine levels (P < 0.001). The prevalence of C677T was 29.9% and that for A1298 was 66.3% in the study population. The odds for crisis was 2.3 times for crisis in TT677 and 1.34 times in CC1298 variants. The genotypes revealed a significant association with different grades of homocysteinemia (P < 0.001). Plasma homocysteine depicted significant negative correlation with weight, height, body mass index and hemoglobin levels. None of the TT variants reported normal homocysteine values. Shift toward the variant form showed an increase of homocysteine levels by 7.3 units and 6.9 units for C677T and A1298C single-nucleotide polymorphisms respectively.

CONCLUSION:
Co-presence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms could be important predictor for homocysteinemia and thus contribute toward vascular crisis in sickle cell patients.
Molecular Alterations in IDH 1/2 Genes among Iraqi Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients
Authors: Jaleel Al-Shammari Haider Hasan , Al-Rubaie Haithem Ahmed , Al-Badran Ihsan Mardan 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
The recurrent somatic variations in IDH1/2 genes in AML play imperative roles in epigenetic dysregulation and the pathogenesis of AML, which could be useful prognostic markers for risk stratification.

AIM:
The aim of the study was to detect the frequency of R132 mutations in the IDH1 gene and R140Q mutation in the IDH2 gene with their treatment outcomes.

PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS:

IDH molecular alterations were detected by high-resolution-melting (HRM)-based real-time PCR assay in 56 newly diagnosed AML patients.

RESULTS:

IDH molecular alterations were identified in 39.3% of AML patients; IDH1 R132 and IDH2 R140Q mutations were present in 32.1% and 12.5% of patients, respectively. The mean age of patients with mutant IDH (52±14.87 years) is higher than in wild type (41.68±20.4 years), P = 0.041. Females were seen in 53% of mutant IDH patients while in the wild-type 73.3% were males (P = 0.038). There were significantly lower mean levels of hemoglobin, absolute neutrophil count, and platelet count in mutant IDH than in wild-type (P = 0.015, 0,.03 and 0.01, respectively). After induction remission therapy, 68.2% of mutated IDH and 64.7% of unmutated IDH patients didn't achieve complete remission (P > 0.05). After 6 months; 59.1% of mutated IDH and 64.7% of unmutated IDH had unfavorable outcomes (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

IDH mutations are common in Iraqi adult AML patients and present in older age and females predominance with lower Hb level, WBC count, absolute neutrophil count, platelet count, and less extramedullary involvement. There is an insignificant association with treatment outcomes.
Ramifications of Pancytopenia in Children in a Tertiary Care Center in North Indian
Authors: Gupta Nikhil , Chalotra Sonam , Parihar Ravi Kumar , Sharma Preeti 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pancytopenia generally suggests the likelihood of bone marrow failure syndromes or leukemias. However, other easily treatable entities can also cause pancytopenia. To know the underlying cause of pancytopenia is essential for definite management and prognosis.

AIM:
The aim of this study is to study the prevalence, clinico-hematological profile, and etiology of pancytopenia in hospitalized children of 1 month to 18 years of age.

METHODS:
Descriptive study conducted in a tertiary care center included children of age 1 month to 18 years hospitalized with pancytopenia. Sociodemographic data, presenting complaints, and detailed history were noted. Detailed clinical examination and relevant investigations were done.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of pancytopenia was 2%. Majority of the patients were >10 years of age. Female: Male ratio was 1.15:1. The most common presentation was progressive pallor, followed by fever, icterus, and bleeding manifestations. The most common clinical examination finding was pallor, followed by splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, icterus, and lymphadenopathy. Macrocytic blood picture was most common, followed by microcytic, atypical cells, and normocytic picture. Mean serum ferritin (ng/ml) was 374.77 ± 1662.64. Mean serum B12 (pg/ml) was 117.72 ± 64.71. In bone marrow aspirate examination, megaloblastic erythropoiesis was most common, followed by normoblastic erythropoiesis, dual deficiency, malignant cells of lymphoid series, hypocellular marrow, and malignant cells of myeloid series. Megaloblastic anemia was the most common etiology, followed by dimorphic anemia amid acute leukemia.

CONCLUSION:
The study showed that megaloblastic anemia and infections (tuberculosis, dengue fever, and enteric fever) both of which are eminently treatable, cause nearly 65% of pancytopenia cases in pediatric patients.
An unexpected culprit of haemoptysis: Bronchial varices and review of literature
Authors: Bansal Avdhesh , Sharma Priya 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Bronchial varices, characterized by dilated and tortuous vessels within the bronchial tree, are a rare entity often presenting as massive or recurrent haemoptysis. Multiple aetiologies have been described in the literature including congenital or acquired pulmonary vein stenosis secondary to surgical or radiofrequency ablation or other cardiac interventions. We present a case of a 60-year-old female with a history of systemic hypertension, hypothyroidism and sick sinus syndrome, who presented with intermittent episodes of dry cough and haemoptysis. A diagnostic workup revealed circumferential bronchial thickening and pulmonary vein stenosis on contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT). Bronchoscopic findings confirmed the presence of bronchial varices, which was secondary to the Radiofrequency ablation she underwent 7 years ago. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by bronchial varices and underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach in managing such rare presentations.
Normative values of oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) in apparently healthy children from Eastern India – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chada Vivekan R. , Gulla Krishna M. , Das Rashmi R. , Kumar Ketan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The primary objective was to determine normative values of oxygen saturation (SpO2) by pulse oximetry in apparently healthy children, aged 1 month to 14 years. The secondary objective was to explore any variation in oxygen saturation levels by age and gender.

Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care centre and schools in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, from January 2021 to December 2022. Apparently healthy children were enrolled. Using a standardized pulse oximeter and appropriately sized probes, SpO2 was recorded after stabilization of plethysmograph waves. Three consecutive readings were taken, and an average was noted. The 2.5th centile SpO2 value was taken as the lower limit of normal.

Results:
The median (IQR) saturation of the sample population was 99.7% (99–100). The 2.5th, 5th, 25th, and 75th percentiles were 97.7%, 98%, 99%, and 100%, respectively. Median SpO2 and its percentiles were estimated for each age group. The 2.5th centile SpO2 for infantile age group was 96.4%. No significant age and gender-wise variations of SpO2 were noted.

Conclusions:
The present study established normal reference range oxygen SpO2 levels in apparently healthy children from an eastern India region that is situated at 62 m (204 ft) above the sea level.
Identification and Prognostic Value of m6A-Related Genes in Glioblastoma
Authors: Zheng Ping , Zhang Xiaoxue , Ren Dabin , Bai Qingke 
Published: August 2024

Background:
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common forms of mRNA modification, which is dynamically regulated by the m6A-related genes; however, its effect in glioblastoma (GBM) is still unknown.

Objective:
We sought to investigate the association between m6A-related genes (m6A-RGs) and GBM.

Methods:
Transcriptome data and the relevant clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The m6A-RGs were identified from differently expressed genes, and COX and lasso regression models were applied to locate the prognosis-related genes.

Results:
We identified 15 out of 19 m6A-RGs differentially expressed between GBM and nontumor tissues. We identified two subgroups of GBM (clusters 1 and 2) by applying consensus clustering. Compared with the cluster 1 subgroup, the cluster 1 subgroup correlates with a poorer prognosis, and most of the 19 m6A-RGs are higher expressed in cluster 1. Through univariate Cox and lasso regression model, we identified three m6A-RGs, namely HNRNPC, ALKBH5, and FTO, which were used to construct a Cox regression risk model to predict the prognosis of GBM patients.

Conclusion:
We identified a valuable m6A model for predicting the prognosis of GBM patients, which can provide useful epigenetic biomarkers.
A Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Oncogenic Role of Methyltransferase-Like 1 in Human Tumors
Authors: Zheng Ping , Yang Shunmin , Ren Dabin , Zhang Xiaoxue , Bai Qingke 
Published: August 2024

Background and Object:
Although emerging cell- or animal-based evidence supports the relationship between methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1) and cancers, no pan-cancer analysis is available.

Methods:
We thus first explored the potential oncogenic roles of METTL1 across 33 tumors based on the datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus.

Results:
METTL1 is highly expressed in most cancers, and distinct associations exist between METTL1 expression and prognosis of tumor patients. METTL1 level is related with the dendritic and B-cell infiltration levels in most tumors. Moreover, RNA processing- and RNA metabolism-associated functions were involved in the functional mechanisms of METTL1.

Conclusion:
Our pan-cancer study offers a relatively comprehensive understanding of the oncogenic roles of METTL1 across different tumors.
Relationship Between Asymmetry of Transverse Sinus and Difference in Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Zhu Dan , Zhang Weiguang , Qiu Dong , Zhang Dongtai , Li Yuanyuan , Li Jinping 
Published: August 2024

Background and Objective:
This study used two-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance venography (2D TOF MRV) to show the shape of the transverse sinus and to determine whether there is a correlation between the asymmetry of the transverse sinus morphology and the intraocular pressure (IOP) of the two eyes.

Methods:
In this study, 63 male and 42 female volunteers were included. Those with obvious neurological diseases and eye diseases were excluded. According to the morphology of the transverse sinus scanned with 2D TOF MRV, subjects were divided into five groups. The IOP of the volunteers was measured separately.

Results:
The difference between group I and group V is statistically significant (Z = 6.78, P < 0.01). Statistically, significant differences also existed among the IOP of each group, including the mean values of both eyes and the difference between the right eye and the left eye. The asymmetry of the transverse sinus maintained a negative correlation with the right IOP (r = 0.51, P < 0.01) and the difference between the right eye and the left eye (r = 0.79, P < 0.01). The asymmetry and the left IOP had no statistical correlation.

Conclusion:
The preliminary conclusion of this study is that if one side of the transverse sinus is thicker, the drainage-related ocular veins are relatively coarser, and the IOP is relatively lower. The 2D TOF MRV examination can be used as an examination to show the shape of the transverse sinus. It is a display method to provide a feasible means of inspection for a reasonable interpretation.
Perfusion MRI in Cerebral Venous and Sinus Thrombosis
Authors: Naik Suprava , Phadke Rajendra V , Bhoi Sanjeev Kumar , Chauhan Gaurav , Soni Neetu 
Published: August 2024

Background and Purpose:
Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) leads to perfusion abnormality in the brain. Our aim was to assess perfusion abnormalities in the center and periphery of the parenchymal lesion in CVST patients and correlate with the clinical outcome.

Materials and Methods:
Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion imaging was performed in patients with CVST. Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), and mean transit time (MTT) values were obtained in the center and periphery of the parenchymal lesion.

Results:
A total of 30 consecutive patients of CVST were included in the study. Parenchymal lesion was present in 21 (70%) patients. In rest 9, perfusion map was showing some abnormality although conventional MRI was normal. Mean rCBV and MTT were increasing from periphery of the lesion to the center (rCBV 69.93 ± 29.79 at periphery (PL2) to 92.49 ± 32.07 at center of the lesion and 69.19 ± 25.52 at normal appearing contralateral brain parenchyma (NABP). MTT 11.83 ± 3.76 at periphery (PL2) to 15.27 ± 5.49 at center of the lesion and 10.63 ± 3.37 at NABP). rCBV and MTT from abnormal perfusion areas from 9 patients without parenchymal abnormalities are 92.89 ± 17.76 and 15.92 ± 3.66 respectively.

Conclusion:
There is an increasing trend of MTT and rCBV from periphery to center of the parenchymal lesion. MTT is the most consistent parameter to be abnormal in patients of CVST even in patients without parenchymal lesion. Residual neurological deficit was found in patients with increased rCBV and having large hemorrhagic infarct.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Sporadic Optic Chiasmatic–Hypothalamic Gliomas and Correlation with Histopathology and BRAF Gene Alterations
Authors: Vaidya Tanvi , Sahu Arpita , Epari Sridhar , Shetty Omshree , Gurav Mamta , Sahay Ayushi , Lad Shraddha , Kurki Vineeth , Kapadia Tejas , Chinnaswamy Girish , Goda Jayant , Shetty Prakash , Krishnatry Rahul , Chatterjee Abhishek , Singh Vikas , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Gupta Tejpal 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
Sporadic optic chiasmatic–hypothalamic gliomas (OCHGs), though histologically low-grade tumors, manifest as aggressive neoplasms radiologically, leading to difficulty in diagnosis. Molecular alterations of the BRAF gene are detectable in a majority of sporadic OCHGs. The purpose of our study was to elucidate the characteristic imaging features of sporadic OCHGs and to investigate whether imaging phenotypes could potentially correlate with specific BRAF gene alterations associated with these tumors.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed baseline magnetic resonance (MR) images and medical records of 26 patients with histopathologically proven sporadic OCHGs. MR imaging (MRI) features were systematically evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to determine whether there was a significant association between imaging findings and BRAF molecular alterations.

Results:
Twenty-two cases (84.6%) presented with solid-cystic masses, while four (15.4%) presented with purely solid lesions. In all 26 cases, the solid component revealed central necrosis; there was minimal necrosis in 11 cases (42.3%), moderate in 8 (30.7%), and marked in 7 (26.9%). The presence of multiple cysts (>4) and minimal necrosis showed a significant association with BRAFV600E mutation (P < 0.005). Marked necrosis in the solid component significantly correlated with BRAF wild genotype (P < 0.001). The presence of a single peripheral cyst significantly correlated with BRAF fusion (P = 0.04).

Conclusion:
Sporadic OCHGs have a distinctive appearance on imaging. The solid-cystic composition coupled with varying degrees of central necrosis are clues to the radiological diagnosis of this entity and can facilitate early recognition in clinical practice. Imaging could potentially serve as a non-invasive predictor of the BRAF alteration status, thereby serving as a prognostic marker and guiding personalized management.
Rare and Combined Hepatic Artery Variants as Seen in Cadaveric and Postmortem Investigations: Anatomical Implications in Surgical Practice
Authors: Ande Thanuja , Makani Thanuja Kumari , Nannam Kavya , Velichety Subhadra Devi , Kumar Jyothi Ashok 
Published: August 2024

Context:
Vascular variations are an unexpected finding during cadaveric dissections, postmortems, and surgical and diagnostic angiographic procedures. Usually, such abnormalities are asymptomatic, but the existence of hepatic vasculature anomalies might cause accidental injuries to the vasculature while performing surgical procedures.

Aim:
This study aimed to dissect human cadavers and postmortem specimens and to examine the variations of the hepatic artery system.

Materials and Method:
This study was conducted on 50 specimens, with 22 conducted in the dissection hall cadavers, while 28 were collected from the postmortem among the South Indian population irrespective of age and sex and investigated for variant hepatic arteries. The data were collected between January 2014 and December 2015.

Results:
The results of this study demonstrated that the common hepatic artery (CHA) originated directly from the aorta in 2%, and it was trifurcated into the right hepatic artery (RHA), left hepatic artery (LHA), and gastroduodenal artery (GDA) in 8%. It continued only as the LHA in 16% and only as RHA in 4%. The RHA arises from CHA in 8%, from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in 10%, from GDA in 4%, and from replaced CHA in 2%. The GDA accounted for 4% of the accessory RHA's origin, while the proper hepatic artery (PHA) accounted for 2%. The LHA from the CHA in 8% replaced the origin from the left gastric artery (LGA) in 4% and replaced CHA in 2%. The middle hepatic artery was noticed in 62% of the specimens.

Conclusion:
Surgeons and radiologists participating in angiographic procedures must have up-to-date knowledge of hepatic artery normal variant abnormalities.