bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of CuCl 2 nanoparticles on the electrical properties of NiO/MnO 2 -based solid-state electrochemical capacitors
Authors: AlAnazi Maha , Ghrib Taher , Ercan Filiz , AlKhuwaitem Salma , Al-Saleem Samar , Massoudi Imen , Demirci Tuna , Younas Muhammad , Ercan Ismail 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Electrochemical capacitor with a solid electrolyte composed of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with different concentrations of Copper Chloride (CuCl2) salt, p-type Nickel Oxide (NiO), and n-type Manganese Oxide (MnO2) electrodes prepared as staked thin films deposited on an ITO glass, synthesized by electrodeposition and spin coating techniques. A variety of techniques have been used to characterize the obtained films. The structural properties and surface morphology studied through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show a high degree of crystallinity within the electrolyte. FTIR spectra analysis confirms the complex formation of CuCl2-doped PVA. Electrochemical Impendence Spectroscopy (EIS) shows that the addition of CuCl2 enhances the specific capacitance of the electrochemical capacitor with high retention and stability during the repeated process of charge and discharge. Meanwhile, Hall effect measurements and EIS reveal a reverse effect after adding 10, 15, and 20 wt.% CuCl2 to the PVA. Results indicate that the electrolytes possess higher concentrations, higher charge carrier densities, and higher mobility, but lower specific capacitances. The highest specific capacitance obtained is 1.220 F.g-1 for the sample of 10 wt.% CuCl2 with 87.8% capacity retention after performing 350 cycles of charge and discharge. The GCD curves reveal a presence of internal resistance and a combination of capacitor and battery-like behavior.
Distribution of Pathogenicity Islands among Escherichia coli Strains from Mansoura Universty Hospitals
Authors: Mowafy Engy Mahmoud , Degla Heba Elsayed El , Edrees Gamal Mohammed F. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study was carried out to illustrate the pathogenic E. coli, that had pathogenicity islands (PAIs) containing genes with many virulence factors (VFs). Thirty (2.9%) E. coli strains were isolated from adults (18 female and 12 male) from 1020 positive cultures of all pathogens isolated from Mansoura University Hospitals through one year from January 2022 to January 2023. The age of patients ranged from 20–50 in 56.6% and above 50 years old in 43.3%. E. coli were isolated from urine 18 (60%), stool 6 (20%) and Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 6 (20%). Among 30 E. coli isolates 25 were positive PAIs examined using PCR, 11 (36.6%) had PAI ˂ 4, 14 (46.6%) had PAI ≥ 4 and no PAIs were detected in 5 isolates. Among E. coli isolates, PAI IJ96 had the highest prevalence were found in 15 E. coli strains (60%), the second was PAI III536 found in 14 (56%), PAI IICF073 13 (52%), PAI II536 2 (8%) both PAI I536 and PAI ICFT073 were 4 (16%), while the lowest prevalence was PAI IV536 1 (4%) and PAI II J96 (0%) was not detected in this study. In conclusion, PAI IJ96 and PAI III536 were the most frequent pathogenicity islands in this study and E.coli became more virulent and dangerous in the human health, especially infected with E. coli strains contains PAI IJ96.
Conservative management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kumar Rajanikant , Epia Efeoghene Praise , Abdelnour Mark W , Kim Joo Young Belen Kim , Anokye-Kumatia Anne Boakyewaa , Lego Rimmo Loyi , Kulkarni Vrunda , Rizvi Syed Ali Farhan Abbas , Asif Maryam , Cheema Huzaifa Ahmad , Ahmad Adeel , Rehman Wajeeh Ur , Ahmed Raheel , Dani Sourbha S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: In recent years, there has been a rise in the adoption of conservative approaches to managing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Systematic appraisal of the clinical evidence supporting this approach is essential for guiding recommendations in clinical guidelines.
Methods: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov, spanning from inception to April 2024, was conducted to identify all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated conservative management versus active treatment of PDA in preterm infants. We used RevMan 5.4 to pool risk ratios (RRs) under a random-effects model.
Results: Our review included 6 RCTs. There was no difference in the risk of mortality (RR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64-1.08, I2 = 0%) and BPD (RR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.76-1.03, I2 = 22%) between the conservative management and active treatment groups. The rates of necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity, sepsis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and the need for surgical ligation or transcatheter occlusion were similar between the two groups.
Conclusions: The meta-analysis showed no difference in the risk of all-cause mortality, BPD, or other clinical outcomes between a strategy of conservative management compared to active treatment. Future large-scale RCTs focusing on targeted therapy for infants at the highest risk of complications from PDA are required to improve the management of preterm infants further.
Deciphering the Vibrational Features of Hydrated Proton in Water
Authors: Liu Chungen , Yang Xuanye , Wu Yu , Deng Siyu , Liu Ling , Zhao Hongwei , Gao Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Hydration of proton is the key to understand the acid-base chemistry and biochemical processes, for which the Zundel and Eigen cations have been recognized as the foundation. However, their dominance remains contentious due to the challenge of attributing the infrared signature at ${\sim}1750\ \mathrm{cm^{-1}}$, stemming from the theoretical dilemma of balancing structural diversity and solvent fluctuations. Herein, we circumvented this obstacle by devising an integrated approach for computing frequency-specific vibrational vectors via inverse Fourier transform of the vibrational density of states. When applied to aqueous acid, it unveiled an additional ``Intermediate'' configuration, linked to the aforementioned spectral signature, which exhibit a higher population (44\%) and longer lifetime (51 fs), compared to Zundel-like (28\%, 25 fs) and Eigen-like (28\%, 36 fs), benefitting from the local electric field induced by surrounding solvent molecules. This work reshapes the basic understanding of aqueous proton, and offers a universal solution for characterizing transient species in liquids.
Development of a digital transformation strategy at an industrial enterprise based on the implementation of a roadmap
Authors: Tashkinov Alexey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the digital transformation of the enterprise becomes the cornerstone of the organization's success: enterprises use digital technologies to optimize production processes, and logistics operations; improve product quality, and customer service; and develop digital innovation. Flexible methodologies have become widespread as organizations seek to respond quickly to market demands, adapt to changing demands, and deliver high-quality products and services efficiently. By driving collaboration, iterative development, and customer focus, flexible practices enable organizations to accelerate market entry and achieve greater flexibility in their operations. Active, lean, digital manufacturing practices extend beyond industry, enabling organizations to optimize resources, minimize inefficiency, and develop a digital culture of continuous improvement. At its core, digital transformation involves the use of digital technologies to fundamentally change the business processes of the enterprise and ensure its value to customers. This includes a wide range of digital initiatives, and digital transformation projects from digitizing existing processes and systems to introducing new technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing and the industrial Internet of Things.
Orthopedic Involvement in Viper Bitte in Children in Greece. A Single Center Experience
Authors: Chatziravdeli Vasiliki , Arapoglou Dimitrios , Gkekas Christos , Kalaitzis Vasileios , Bourtzinakos Konstantinos , Theocharidis Theodoros , Dionellis Panagiotis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Venomous snakes species found in `Greece belong to the Viperidae family. Their bitte can cause local and systemic symptoms. Orthopedic involvement is important in prompt recognition and treatment of compartment syndrome. We present four pediatric cases of viper envenomation, two of which developed compartment syndrome.
Methods: From 2021- 2024 four pediatric patients were treated in our institution because of viper bitte in the hand. The patient’s age were 10 months, 2, 4 and 11 years. Primary symptoms were local oedema, pain, ecchymosis and drowsiness and they were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit. They all received symptomatic and supportive care and antivenom serum was administered in all patients.
Results: Two of the children developed compartment syndrome and received emergency fasciotomies. The 2-year-old patient received hand fasciotomies. The 11-year-old patient developed hand paresthesia in the distribution of the median nerve and hand, forearm and humerus compartments were released. Skin incisions were sutured after 3 days. There were no complications and normal limb function was preserved. Of the children that did not need fasciotomies, it was notable that the administration of antivenom doses seemed to halt the progression of the oedema of the extremity.
Conclusion: Viper bitte is a rare medical emergency and treatment includes a multidisciplinary approach. Early involvement of orthopedic surgeons is paramount for the preservation of normal limb function and in order to avoid serious systemic complications that may occur from muscle ischemia and necrosis.
Incidence of leukemia in Eritrea: 11-year Laboratory -based retrospective analysis of nationally representative data
Authors: Abraha Daniel Mebrahtu , Ghirmay Efriem , Gebresilassie Eden , Zerat Ghirmay Embaye , Kokob Rahwa , Tesfazghi Asmeret , Negash Solomon , Daniel Tsega , Mohammed Salih , Mengistu Samuel Tekle , Achila Oliver Okotch 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Little or no research has been conducted on the epidemiology of leukemias in Eritrea. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the burden and trends of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and overall leukemia in Eritrea.
Methods: An audit of leukemia cases recorded in laboratory logbooks at the National Health Laboratory (NHL) and Orotta Referral and Teaching Hospital (ORTH) between January 2010 and December 2021 was performed. Aside from leukemia sub-types, additional variables that were retrieved included age, sex, years of incidence, residency. Relevant estimates assessed included crude incidence rates (CIR), age-standardised rates (ASIR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).
Results: In total, 372 confirmed cases of leukemia were recorded between, 2010-2020. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] age, maximum – minimum age, and male/female ratio were as follows: 48 years (24.5 – 60 years), 2 - 91 years, and 210/161 (1.3: 1), respectively. Estimated all-age CIR and ASIR over the study period was 9.22 per 100 000 and 30.1 per 100 000 respectively. Analysis of cumulative (2010 - 2020) CIR per 100 000 (ASIR per 100 000) for ALL, AML, CLL, and CML were as follows: 2.01(3.87); 0.94(2.38); 2.94(15.37) and 3.61(24.03). Additionally, median (IQR) age differed significantly across different subtypes of leukemia – ALL (23.0 years, IQR: 10.0 – 39.0); AML (30 years, IQR: 20 – 56 years), CLL (59.0 years, IQR: 40.75 – 66.75 years), and CML (49 years, IQR: 39.25 – 60 years), p value (Kruskal Wallis), < 0.05). No sex specific differences were observed in median (IQR) for different types of leukemia. Unlike other leukemia sub-types evaluation of EAPC demonstrated that the incidence of leukemia has increased overtime, 21.9 (95 CI: 3.1-44.1), p-value = 0.025.
Conclusions: The burden of leukemia was relatively stable. However, due to underreporting and underdiagnosis, it’s our belief that the true burden of leukemia is likely higher. Further, an upward trend in the burden of ALL was uncovered. Lastly, expansion of diagnostic services to other sub-zones, establishment of a national cancer registry and research remains a priority in Eritrea
Capability of logistic regression in identifying flood-susceptible areas in a small watershed
Authors: Edamo Muluneh Legesse , Ayele Elias Gebeyehu , Yisihak Ukumo Tigistu , Alemayehu Kassaye Aklilu , Paulos Haile Ashagre 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The Earth is currently experiencing severe economic and social consequences as a result of frequent floods. This study is crucial for effective risk management and mitigation, protecting lives and property from potential flood damage in the Deme watershed. This study endeavors to assess the efficacy of a logistic regression model in generating a flood susceptibility map for the Deme watershed in Ethiopia. Fourteen factors contributing to flooding were considered, including digital elevation model, slope, aspect, profile curvature, plane curvature, Topographic Position Index (TPI), Topographic Roughness Index (TRI), flow direction, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), distance to the river, rainfall, land use/land cover (LULC), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and soil type. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method was employed to validate the model. The area under the curve (AUC) values for the model were determined to be 81% for the training dataset and 82% for the validation dataset, indicating its effectiveness in delineating flood-prone areas. The findings revealed that 18% of the watershed is very highly susceptible to flooding, 19% exhibits high susceptibility, 18% shows moderate susceptibility, while 20 and 24% have low and very low susceptibility, respectively. This research provides insights into comprehensive flood prevention and urban development strategies.
Review of historical plumbing codes for lead service line inventories in the United States
Authors: Devine Christina , Garcia-Bakarich Luis , Platten William , Jajeh Krista , Triantafyllidou Simoni 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Inventorying and replacing lead service lines (LSLs) is a national priority in the United States (US), with records review conducted as a first step. Among other records, historical plumbing codes can provide cutoff dates for LSL allowance in the US. This work identified and reviewed historical national plumbing codes for mention of lead for drinking water pipe and found that lead pipe was permissible for service lines by the Basic Plumbing Code until 1978, the Uniform Plumbing Code until 1988, and the Southern Standard Plumbing Code until 1977/78. Overall, identifying pertinent code titles over time and obtaining them was challenging because those records were not readily available. Once obtained, interpreting the code language also proved challenging. Terminology initially reflected sanitary systems before drinking water systems were incorporated, and code editions through the years reorganized the content and specific mentions of lead in service lines within text. This review focused on model plumbing codes, which are then adopted at the state or local level, typically with modifications that also need to be understood. Two practical examples of service line inventory development were also summarized. These examples highlighted placing different emphasis on plumbing code review.
Olanzapine Induces Adipogenesis and Glucose Uptake by Activating Glycolysis and Synergizing with the PI3K-AKT Pathway
Authors: Li Shen , Fu Yun , Wang Wanyao , Qiu Jiali , Huang Yepei , Li Xuemin , Yang Ke , Yu Xiawen , Ma Yanyan , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Miaomiao , Li Jie , Li Wei-Dong 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Administration of olanzapine (OLA) is closely associated with obesity and
glycolipid abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), although the exact molecular mechanisms
remain elusive.

Objective:
We conducted comprehensive animal and molecular experiments to elucidate the mechanisms
underlying OLA-induced weight gain.

Methods:
We investigated the mechanisms of OLA-induced adipogenesis and lipid storage by employing
a real-time ATP production rate assay, glucose uptake test, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)
detection in 3T3-L1 cells and AMSCs. Rodent models were treated with OLA using various intervention
durations, dietary patterns (normal diets/western diets), and drug doses. We assessed body weight,
epididymal and liver fat levels, and metabolic markers in both male and female mice.

Results:
OLA accelerates adipogenesis by directly activating glycolysis and its downstream PI3K signaling
pathway in differentiated adipocytes. OLA promotes glucose uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1
preadipocytes. In mouse models with normal glycolipid metabolism, OLA administration failed to increase
food intake and weight gain despite elevated GAPDH expression, a marker related to glycolysis
and PI3K-AKT. This supports the notion that glycolysis plays a significant role in OLA-induced metabolic
dysfunction.

Conclusion:
OLA induces glycolysis and activates the downstream PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,
thereby promoting adipogenesis.
Road Infrastructure and Traffic Flow
Authors: Muguro Joseph Kamau , Njeri Paul Waweru , Sasaki Minoru 
Published: August 2024

The section looks at the state of road infrastructure in the country and the
consequences stemming from the use/abuse of the same by different players. Key
aspects explored in this analysis include the state and management of road
construction, the intricate relationship between roads and traffic dynamics, as well as
the usability and accessibility of road networks. Various road infrastructural challenges
are addressed, ranging from illegal unmarked obstacles and unauthorized structures to
the confiscation of road resources by informal businesses, illegal parking, among others
and below-par road provisions for persons with disabilities (PWDs). Additionally,
factors such as accidents, vandalism, garbage accumulation, and weather effects further
compound the degradation of road infrastructure. Proposed solutions advocate for
measures such as regulating Central Business District (CBD) access through designated
transport associations (SACCOs), fostering public engagement in road development
initiatives, and promoting alternative modes of mobility alongside pedestrian-friendly
urban planning. "Building more roads to prevent congestion is like a fat man loosening his belt to
prevent obesity" – Lewis Mumford
Integrating an Intelligent Transport System
Authors: Muguro Joseph Kamau , Njeri Paul Waweru , Sasaki Minoru 
Published: August 2024

This section proposes the Integrated Intelligent Transport System (ITS) as a
comprehensive solution to address major transportation challenges in Kenya. By
conducting a thorough assessment of the country's transport system, the ITS aims to
enhance road monitoring efficiency, safety, and sustainability. It integrates cuttingedge features like in-vehicle sensors and external monitoring units to monitor driver
behavior, identify accident-prone areas, and streamline emergency collaboration and
reporting processes. Emphasizing data transparency and evidence-based policymaking,
the ITS seeks to create a safer and more efficient transportation ecosystem. Through
these initiatives, the ITS lays the groundwork for long-term resilience and
sustainability in Kenya's transport sector. "The Reality About Transportation is that it’s Future-oriented. If We’re Planning
for What We Have, We’re Behind the Curve." - Anthony Foxx (U.S. Secretary of Transportation 2013-2017)
“Employees' Perception And Awareness Towards Corporate Social Responsibility Practices: A Case Study of Private Telecom Company”.
Authors: Bhawna Saxena  
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This research is based on the study of CSR Practices in Vodafone Idea Limited, the company engaged in the Telecommunications Industry. To discover the extent to which executives and managers represent their awareness and their perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Based on the quantitative analysis, the paper provides evidence that while a great proportion of managers express a highly positive attitude.
Methodology: A case study questionnaire was administered to 100 respondents dealing with Vodafone Idea Limited Company operating in Mumbai (Maharashtra), Shimla (H.P) area India, with results from Likert scales analysis using descriptive analysis. This was descriptive research design using a survey research & purposive sampling technique. Data was collected from both primary & secondary sources to meet the objectives of the research.
Results: The findings of this study have implications for company-wide efforts to find ways to enhance CSR perceptions by helping top management and mid-level managers understand that enhancement of positive employees' perceptions of CSR activities is the first priority for resolving ethical conflicts among employees, owing to the pressure of goal attainment and the company's social performance. The result of this research can be used in shaping management policy and educating about CSR to their employees
Recommendations: (1) Vodafone Idea Limited Company should continually improve to achieve a high level of social responsibility as well as achieve greater loyalty from their employees. (2) The company should do what is necessary to raise the employee awareness level of social responsibility. (3) The company should consider that the perceptions of employees who actually perform CSR activities are more important than anything else.