bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medikamentöse Behandlung bei gestörter Frühschwangerschaft
Authors: Colleselli-Türtscher Valeria , Seeber Beata 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungEine von vier Frauen wird im Laufe ihres Lebens mit der Diagnose einer gestörten Frühschwangerschaft („missed abortion“ [MA]) konfrontiert. Die medikamentöse Therapie zur Aborteinleitung hat in den letzten Jahren zunehmende Bedeutung erlangt und stellt neben der chirurgischen Behandlung eine Alternative mit guten Erfolgsraten dar. In diesem Beitrag werden die unterschiedlichen Therapieregime und ihre Erfolgsquoten vorgestellt. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Inzidenz ist die MA in der klinischen Praxis ein häufiger Konsultationsgrund, der einer patientinnenadaptierten Aufklärung über die möglichen weiteren Therapieoptionen bedarf.
The weighted Euclidean one-center problem in $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$
Authors: Cawood Mark E. , Dearing P. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGiven a finite set of distinct points in $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

and a positive weight for each point, primal and dual algorithms are developed for finding the Euclidean ball of minimum radius so that the weighted Euclidean distance between the center of the ball and each point is less than or equal to the radius of the ball. Each algorithm is based on a directional search method in which the search path at each iteration is either a ray or a two-dimensional circular arc in $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

. At each iteration, a search path is constructed by intersecting bisectors of pairs of points, where the bisectors are either hyperplanes or n-dimensional spheres. Each search path preserves complementary slackness and primal (dual) feasibility for the primal (dual) algorithm. The step size along each search path is determined explicitly. Test problems up to 1000 dimensions and 10,000 points were solved to optimality by both primal and dual algorithms. Computational results also show that these algorithms outperform several open-source SOCP codes.
The role of cognitive flexibility in job search behaviour: a research agenda
Authors: Roux Etienne , Beccaria Gavin , McIlveen Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis conceptual paper proposes the Cognitive Flexibility Job Search Self-Efficacy (CF-JSSE) model, aimed at exploring the understudied role of cognitive flexibility in job search behaviour. Cognitive flexibility, a crucial attribute in today’s complex employment market, is posited as a core intrapersonal process moderating relationships between dispositional traits, learning experiences and job search self-efficacy. This research agenda, integrating vocational, neuropsychological and personality psychology, strives to enrich our understanding of job search behaviours and career development.
Screen Time Soars and Vision Suffers: How School Closures During the Pandemic Affected Children and Adolescents’ Eyesight
Authors: Alah Muna Abed , Abdeen Sami , Bougmiza Iheb , Selim Nagah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of school closures on visual acuity and screen time among students in Qatar. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, targeting governmental school students. Data were collected via telephone interviews with parents, and visual acuity measurements were extracted from the electronic health records. We interviewed 1546 parents of selected students, about 24% reported their children’s history of visual disturbances, primarily refractive errors. The mean screen time across the week increased significantly by 11.5 ± 11.6 h during school closures. We observed a significant decline of visual acuity during the closure compared to the pre-closure period across the entire sample, both sexes, and the younger age group. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that local students and those with a history of visual disturbances were 1.7 times (AOR: 1.73, 95%CI 1.18–2.54, p = 0.005) and 2.5 times (AOR: 2.52, 95%CI 1.69–3.76, p < 0.001) more likely to experience decline of visual acuity respectively. School closures in Qatar were associated with a significant increase in screen time among students and a notable decline in their visual acuity. This deterioration highlights the need to monitor children’s screen time and implement cost-effective measures to reduce screen exposure and enhance overall eye health among students.
Study the influence of Ag+ nanoparticles on the surface of the Sr1-xAgxFeO3-δ perovskite on optical, magnetic and antibacterial properties
Authors: Abdel-Khalek E. K. , Alluhayb Abdullah H. , Younis Alaa M. , Mohamed E. A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecently, we produced low cost SrFeO3-δ perovskite with antibacterial properties. In this study to improve the antibacterial properties of SrFeO3-δ perovskite, we doped it with silver. Ag+ nanoparticles on the surface of the Sr1-xAgxFeO3-δ perovskite samples were prepared by sol-gel method. Structural properties of these samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM), EDS elemental mapping and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). These techniques confirmed the presence of small amount of cubic Ag spherical nanoparticles on the surface of the cubic Sr1-xAgxFeO3-δ perovskite structure. Further, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for these samples revealed the presence of Ag1+ ions, oxygen vacancies and mixed valence states of Fe ions on the surface of the samples. The energy band gap of these samples was estimated using Kubelka–Munk equation and its value increased with increasing Ag up to x = 0.10. Additionally, Magnetic hysteresis (M − H) loops revealed that these samples displayed antiferromagnetic behavior with a small amount of ferromagnetic order. Finally, the antibacterial properties of these samples revealed that the antimicrobial activities were improved with increasing Ag (x = 0.10). Our results showed that Ag+ nanoparticles on the surface of the Sr1-xAgxFeO3-δ perovskite samples are a promising antimicrobial agent.
Graphical Abstract
Analyzing quality of life among people with opioid use disorder from the National Institute on Drug Abuse Data Share initiative: implications for decision making
Authors: Patton Thomas , Boehnke Jan R. , Goyal Ravi , Manca Andrea , Marienfeld Carla , Martin Natasha K. , Nosyk Bohdan , Borquez Annick 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to estimate health state utility values (HSUVs) for the key health states found in opioid use disorder (OUD) cost-effectiveness models in the published literature.

Methods
Data obtained from six trials representing 1,777 individuals with OUD. We implemented mapping algorithms to harmonize data from different measures of quality of life (the SF-12 Versions 1 and 2 and the EQ-5D-3 L). We performed a regression analysis to quantify the relationship between HSUVs and the following variables: days of extra-medical opioid use in the past 30 days, injecting behaviors, treatment with medications for OUD, HIV status, and age. A secondary analysis explored the impact of opioid withdrawal symptoms.

Results
There were statistically significant reductions in HSUVs associated with extra-medical opioid use (-0.002 (95% CI [-0.003,-0.0001]) to -0.003 (95% CI [-0.005,-0.002]) per additional day of heroin or other opiate use, respectively), drug injecting compared to not injecting (-0.043 (95% CI [-0.079,-0.006])), HIV-positive diagnosis compared to no diagnosis (-0.074 (95% CI [-0.143,-0.005])), and age (-0.001 per year (95% CI [-0.003,-0.0002])). Parameters associated with medications for OUD treatment were not statistically significant after controlling for extra-medical opioid use (0.0131 (95% CI [-0.0479,0.0769])), in line with prior studies. The secondary analysis revealed that withdrawal symptoms are a fundamental driver of HSUVs, with predictions of 0.817 (95% CI [0.768, 0.858]), 0.705 (95% CI [0.607, 0.786]), and 0.367 (95% CI [0.180, 0.575]) for moderate, severe, and worst level of symptoms, respectively.

Conclusion
We observed HSUVs for OUD that were higher than those from previous studies that had been conducted without input from people living with the condition.
Prevalence and associated factors of napping among older adults in the Philippines
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of insomnia among older adults in the Philippines.

Methods
In all, 5206 cross-sectional nationally representative data from older adults (≥ 60 years) of the 2018 Longitudinal Study on Ageing and Health in the Philippines (LSAHP) was analysed. Napping frequency and duration were assessed by self-report.

Results
The prevalence of regular nappers was 35.7%, low or moderate napping (1–59 min) was 10.5% and long napping (≥ 60 min) duration was 25.2%. In the final adjusted model, older age was not significantly associated with low or moderate napping duration but older age was positively associated with long napping duration. High wealth status, physical activity and late insomnia were positively associated with low or moderate napping duration. High wealth status, urban residence, daily activity limitations, and physical activity were positively associated, and currently working status, poor self-rated health status and current alcohol use were negatively associated with long napping duration.

Conclusion
One in four older adults reported long napping duration. Sociodemographic, health status and behaviour and sleep parameters were associated with low or moderate and/or long napping duration.
Selective recovery of europium from real acid mine drainage using modified Cr-MIL and SBA15 adsorbents
Authors: Fonseka Charith , Ryu Seongchul , Choo Youngwoo , Kandasamy Jaya , Foseid Lena , Ratnaweera Harsha , Vigneswaran Saravanamuthu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe successful adoption and widespread implementation of innovative acid mine drainage treatment and resource recovery methods hinge on their capacity to demonstrate enhanced performance, economic viability, and environmental sustainability compared to conventional approaches. Here, an evaluation of the efficacy of chromium-based metal–organic frameworks and amine-grafted SBA15 materials in adsorbing europium (Eu) from actual mining wastewater was conducted. The adsorbents underwent comprehensive characterization and examination for their affinity for Eu. Cr-MIL-PMIDA and SBA15-NH-PMIDA had a highest Langmuir adsorption capacity of 69 mg/g and 86 mg/g, respectively, for an optimum level of pH 4.8. Preferential adsorption tests followed using real AMD collected at a disused mine in the north of Norway. A comparative study utilizing pH-adjusted real AMD revealed that Cr-MIL-PMIDA (88%) exhibited slightly higher selectivity towards Eu compared to SBA15-NH-PMIDA (81%) in real mining wastewater. While Cr-MIL-PMIDA displays excellent properties for the selective recovery of REEs, practical challenges related to production costs and potential susceptibility to chromium leaching make it less appealing for widespread applications. A cost–benefit analysis was then undertaken to quantify the advantages of employing SBA15-NH-PMIDA material. The study disclosed that 193.2 g of EuCl3 with 99% purity can be recovered by treating 1000 m3 of AMD.
Identifying sources of bias when testing three available algorithms for quantifying white matter lesions: BIANCA, LPA and LGA
Authors: Miller Tatiana , Bittner Nora , Moebus Susanne , Caspers Svenja 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBrain magnetic resonance imaging frequently reveals white matter lesions (WMLs) in older adults. They are often associated with cognitive impairment and risk of dementia. Given the continuous search for the optimal segmentation algorithm, we broke down this question by exploring whether the output of algorithms frequently used might be biased by the presence of different influencing factors. We studied the impact of age, sex, blood glucose levels, diabetes, systolic blood pressure and hypertension on automatic WML segmentation algorithms. We evaluated three widely used algorithms (BIANCA, LPA and LGA) using the population-based 1000BRAINS cohort (N = 1166, aged 18–87, 523 females, 643 males). We analysed two main aspects. Firstly, we examined whether training data (TD) characteristics influenced WML estimations, assessing the impact of relevant factors in the TD. Secondly, algorithm’s output and performance within selected subgroups defined by these factors were assessed. Results revealed that BIANCA’s WML estimations are influenced by the characteristics present in the TD. LPA and LGA consistently provided lower WML estimations compared to BIANCA’s output when tested on participants under 67 years of age without risk cardiovascular factors. Notably, LPA and LGA showed reduced accuracy for these participants. However, LPA and LGA showed better performance for older participants presenting cardiovascular risk factors. Results suggest that incorporating comprehensive cohort factors like diverse age, sex and participants with and without hypertension in the TD could enhance WML-based analyses and mitigate potential sources of bias. LPA and LGA are a fast and valid option for older participants with cardiovascular risk factors.
Long-term Aftershock Properties of the Catastrophic 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Tan Onur 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNine hours apart, two catastrophic earthquakes (Mw 7.8 and 7.6) occurred on 6 February 2023, in eastern Türkiye. The mainshocks destroyed several cities and villages in 11 provinces, including Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Adıyaman, Malatya, Adana and Gaziantep. Over about 50,000 aftershocks were detected in the nine months. Because the resolution of hypocentral locations in the Turkish national earthquake catalogs is limited, about 31,000 events are relocated using the double-difference method in this study. The aftershock distribution and its relation to energy release on the faults and Coulomb stress change areas are investigated. The improved hypocenters give a clearer image to understand the activity on the faults. The event distribution indicates that the rupture of the first mainshock in Pazarcık (Mw 7.8) propagates unilaterally on the northernmost segment of the Dead Sea Fault Zone and then transfers to the East Anatolian Fault Zone at the Maraş Triple Junction. The bilaterally extending rupture causes dense aftershock activity on the fault zone from Samandağ to Pütürge. The second mainshock in Elbistan (Mw 7.6) was triggered because of the positive Coulomb stress change on the Çardak fault, which generates dense clusters at both ends of the fault. It is observed that a high number of aftershocks occur on the low slip patches, and the high-energy release areas have low activity because of the stress equilibrium on the fault surfaces.
Classification and Novelty Detection of Tampered ICs Using ResCav
Authors: Nechiyil Aditya , McCue Jamin J. , Lee Robert , Chapman Gregg 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the capabilities of the resonant cavity system (ResCav) for detecting tampered integrated circuits (ICs) within supply chains. Prior research showcased ResCav’s ability to discern minor circuit variations, this study focuses on enhancing supervised classification results and introduces a one-class support vector machine (SVM) approach with a modified radial basis function kernel for novelty detection. Through finer hyperparameter tuning, the system achieves improved classification accuracy, demonstrating its potential to identify nuanced alterations with even higher precision and recall rates. Additionally, the application of a one-class SVM enables the detection of tampered ICs without reliance on labeled datasets, expanding utility in scenarios where access is limited to golden ICs. These advancements in ResCav’s capabilities signify progress in failure prevention methodologies, offering an efficient and non-destructive solution crucial for safeguarding against counterfeit and non-conforming components infiltrating critical supply chains.
On the Cut Locus of Submanifolds of a Finsler Manifold
Authors: Bhowmick Aritra , Prasad Sachchidanand 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the cut locus of closed (not necessarily compact) submanifolds in a forward complete Finsler manifold. We explore the deformation and characterization of the cut locus, extending the results of Basu and Prasad (Algebr Geom Topol 23(9):4185–4233, 2023). Given a submanifold N, we consider an N-geodesic loop as an N-geodesic starting and ending in N, possibly at different points. This class of geodesics were studied by Omori (J Differ Geom 2:233–252, 1968). We obtain a generalization of Klingenberg’s lemma for closed geodesics (Klingenberg in: Ann Math 2(69):654–666, 1959). for N-geodesic loops in the reversible Finsler setting.
Enigmatic fragment possibly marks the first pterosaur record from the Lower Toarcian of Grimmen, NE Germany
Authors: Schade Marco , Ansorge Jörg 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPterosaurs are a well-known component of many Mesozoic fossil ecosystems worldwide. To date, marine and terrestrial faunal elements such as cephalopods, fish, marine reptiles, dinosaurs and insects have been discovered in the Lower Jurassic clay pit near Grimmen (Western Pomerania). A new fragmentary bone is thoroughly described herein and interpreted to represent the first evidence for the presence of pterosaurs in this locality.
Bio-economic analysis of irrigation schedules considering shallow groundwater: lessons from South Africa
Authors: Hadebe Ruth , Grové Bennie , Matthews Nicolette , Barnard Johan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDue to the pressure on South Africa’s irrigated agriculture to improve efficiency and optimal water use, irrigators must consider alternative water sources, such as root-accessible shallow groundwater tables, to supply the crop evapotranspiration requirement. Devising irrigation scheduling strategies that will optimize conjunctive water use is difficult because the contribution of shallow groundwater tables is not directly observed and is a function of irrigation management decisions; as a result, very few irrigators use these strategies. This paper aims to evaluate the profitability of using shallow groundwater tables as a source of irrigation water to satisfy crop evapotranspiration requirements. A bio-economic simulation model consisting of the soil–water–atmosphere–plant model and an economic accounting module was developed to calculate the profitability of conjunctive irrigation practices under different states of nature. The bio-economic simulation model was linked to a differential evolutionary algorithm to optimize the irrigation scheduling decisions. The results showed that irrigators could substantially increase profitability and water use efficiency if they consider the shallow groundwater table in their irrigation decision. About 51% of crop evapotranspiration could originate from shallow groundwater tables, reducing the irrigation requirements substantially without impacting crop yields. Sequential adaptive irrigation decision-making does not improve the bio-economic indicators much since using the shallow groundwater table mitigates the risk of undersupplying water. Therefore, conjunctive water use strategies using shallow groundwater tables economically benefit irrigators. However, a complex interplay exists between irrigation adjustments, crop yields and economic performance in different states, emphasizing the careful consideration of context-specific factors in irrigation management decisions.
Topical metronidazole after haemorrhoidectomy to reduce postoperative pain: a systematic review
Authors: Eberspacher Chiara , Mascagni Domenico , Pontone Stefano , Arcieri Francesco Leone , Arcieri Stefano 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExcisional haemorrhoidectomy is the gold standard for operating haemorrhoids, but it is accompanied by a significant problem: postoperative pain. Several strategies have been adopted to minimize this condition. Oral metronidazole has been proven to reduce postoperative pain but with some complications. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the effects and general efficacy of topical metronidazole administration and to evaluate its potential superiority over the oral formula. A systematic review of the literature was carried out. Randomized controlled trials published until September 2023 on PubMed, Central, and Web of Science were considered. The primary outcome considered was postoperative pain, which was evaluated using visual analogue scores. The secondary outcomes were analgesic use, return to work, and complications. Six randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 536 patients. Topical metronidazole was compared with placebo in two studies, with oral formula in three studies, and with placebo and oral administration in one study. Topical metronidazole was found to be effective for treating postoperative pain when compared to a placebo but had no significant advantage over the oral formula. No complications were reported in the studies. Topical and oral metronidazole are effective solutions for postoperative pain after excisional haemorrhoidectomy. No superiority was demonstrated based on the route of administration, and complications were marginal for both formulas. Further studies are required to determine the best metronidazole solution.
Structure, electrical, and optical properties of Co0.7-xZnxNi0.3Fe2O4 (0.3 ≥ x ≥ 0.7) nano-ferrite by sol–gel auto-combustion technique
Authors: El-Sayed O. , Ghozza M. H. , Hamid R. K. Abd.El. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZn2+ doped Ni0.3ZnxCo0.7-xFe2O4 (0.3 ≥ x ≥ 0.7) spinel nanoparticles were synthesized via Sol–gel-auto combustion methods using EDTA and citric acid as fuel. XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FE-SEM, and EDX demonstrated that samples possessed a well-crystalline cubic spinel structure. Both crystallite size and the lattice parameter values increased due to the smaller ionic radius of Co2+-ions compared to the Zn2+ ionic radius. The crystallite size average values ranged from 24–50 nm while lattice parameters were between 8.3877 Å and 8.4268 Å. The surface morphological variation and the elements supplied were analyzed using FE-SEM and EDX, displaying spherical-shaped nanoparticles and all constituent elements. Based on the results of the optical properties, raising Zn2+ caused the refractive index and the reflectance to rise. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of Ni0.3ZnxCo0.7-xFe2O4 reduced substantially with increasing frequency. Moreover, the increase in Zn2+ concentration causes the decrease in dielectric constant due to Fe3+-ion migration from the hopping procedure, which decreases the hopping process (Fe2+ and Fe3+-ions) according to Koop's theory (Maxwell–Wagner polarization). The maximum dielectric constant, reported at x = 0.7 (no Co2+-ions), may be related to the generation of Fe2+-ions occupying octahedral sites. This leads to an increase in Fe2+ and Fe3+ electron exchange, polarization, and conductivity enhancement. These results revealed that Ni0.3Zn0.7xFe2O4 has a high capacitance and loss, making it promising option for electronic equipment such as computer memory cards, microwave absorbers and capacitors.