bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D status in anorexia nervosa: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Veronese Nicola , Solmi Marco , Rizza Wanda , Manzato Enzo , Sergi Giuseppe , Santonastaso Paolo , Caregaro Lorenza , Favaro Angela , Correll Christoph U. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveIn anorexia nervosa (AN), osteoporosis and osteopenia are common, which have been associated with low circulating levels of vitamin D (VitD) in other settings. We aimed to meta‐analyze cross‐sectional studies reporting on VitD parameters in patients with AN and healthy controls (HCs).MethodElectronic PubMed search from database inception until December 31, 2013 and meta‐analysis of cross‐sectional studies comparing serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OH‐D), 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25OH‐D) and dietary VitD between patients with AN and HCs, before or after VitD supplementation. We calculated random effects standardized mean differences (SMDs) ±95% confidence intervals (CIs) as effect size measures.ResultsOut of 1,739 initial hits, 15 studies with a total of 927 participants (AN = 408 and HCs = 519) were meta‐analyzed. In the unsupplemented state, both serum 25OH‐D (studies = 4; n = 168; SMD = −0.43; 95%CI: −0.83 to −0.03; p = .03) and 1,25OH‐D levels (studies = 4; n = 113; SMD = −1.06; 95%CI: −1.47 to −0.66; p < .00001) were significantly lower in AN than HCs. In AN patients treated with cholecalciferol supplementation, serum 25OH‐D levels were significantly higher than in HCs (studies = 5; n = 449; SMD = 0.66; 95%CI: 0.01–1.31; p = .05). Paradoxically, despite lower 25OH‐D and 1,25OH‐D levels, AN patients reported similar intake of VitD compared to HCs (studies = 6; n = 314; SMD = 0.33; 95%CI: −0.16, 0.81; p = .19).DiscussionAlthough AN patients reported similar dietary VitD intake compared to HCs, AN patients had significantly lower 25OH‐D and 1,25OH‐D levels without supplementation. Conversely, supplementation with cholecalciferol fully normalized VitD serum levels. Future studies are needed to clarify the role of VitD supplementation in AN for improving bone health. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:803–813)
Paradoxical increase of plasma vitamin B12 and folates with disease severity in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Corbetta Fabiola , Tremolizzo Lucio , Conti Elisa , Ferrarese Carlo , Neri Francesca , Bomba Monica , Nacinovich Renata 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex disorder involving severe psychological manifestations and multiple organ damage, including liver dysfunction. The primary aim of this study consisted in assessing plasma levels of vitamin B12 and folates with respect to liver function enzymes considering the liver‐storage properties of this vitamin.MethodWe recruited 70 restrictive type AN adolescents and the severity of psychopathological traits was assessed using EDI‐3 scale. Plasma levels of vitamin B12, folates, transaminases (AST, ALT), gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and cholinesterase (CHE) were determined.ResultsAbout 38.5% of patients displayed vitamin B12 values (H‐B12) above the upper range of normal reference; 4.3% of patients had increased values of folates; 20 and 11.4% of patients displayed ALT and AST values above reference limits; none had GGT values above normal range. Albeit low CHE and ALP values were found in 55 and 20% of patients, respectively, a linear correlation with both transaminases was present only for vitamin B12 and folates; furthermore, H‐B12 patients had both higher AST and ALT values. EDI‐ 3 subscores significantly correlated with vitamin B12 and folates plasma values and H‐B12 patients displayed EDI‐3 higher values.DiscussionThese data suggest that plasma levels of vitamin B12 might be an early marker of liver dysfunction, possibly also related to more severe psychopathological aspects. The identification of patients with higher fasting plasma vitamin B12 levels could therefore lead to earlier and more careful refeeding interventions. Further studies will clarify the potential role of this vitamin in AN clinical practice. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:317–322)
Gully cut‐and‐fill cycles as related to agro‐management: a historical curve number simulation in the Tigray Highlands
Authors: Lanckriet Sil , Frankl Amaury , Mesfin Gebrekidan , Descheemaeker Katrien , Nyssen Jan 
Published: November 2014

AbstractGully cut‐and‐fill dynamics are often thought to be driven by climate and/or deforestation related to population pressure. However, in this case‐study of nine representative catchments in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands, we find that neither climate changes nor deforestation can explain gully morphology changes over the twentieth century. Firstly, by using a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate historical catchment‐wide curve numbers, we show that the landscape was already heavily degraded in the nineteenth and early twentieth century – a period with low population density. The mean catchment‐wide curve number (> 80) one century ago was, under the regional climatic conditions, already resulting in considerable simulated historical runoff responses. Secondly, twentieth century land‐cover and runoff coefficient changes were confronted with twentieth century changing gully morphologies. As the results show, large‐scale land‐cover changes and deforestation cannot explain the observed processes. The study therefore invokes interactions between authigenic factors, small‐scale plot boundary changes, cropland management and sociopolitical forces to explain the gully cut processes. Finally, semi‐structured interviews and sedistratigraphic analysis of three filled gullies confirm the dominant impact of (crop)land management (tillage, check dams in gullies and channel diversions) on gully cut‐and‐fill processes. Since agricultural land management – including land tenure and land distribution – has been commonly neglected in earlier related research, we argue therefore that it can be a very strong driver of twentieth century gully morphodynamics. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the Design of A Model‐Based Irrigation Advisory Bulletin: The Importance of End‐User Participation
Authors: Tapsuwan Sorada , Hunink Johannes , Alcon Francisco , Mertens‐Palomares Aafke N. , Baille Alain 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSuccessful uptake of modern irrigation techniques and farmer decision support tools are necessary to promote the sustainable use of water resources. However, many of these tools fail to receive sufficient uptake from farmers to have a significant impact on water saving. End‐user participation during tool development can increase the adoption rate as the tool becomes more usable. In the Segura River Basin of Spain, an irrigation advisory bulletin was designed to support farmers in their irrigation planning and scheduling. The bulletin was distributed to innovative farmers who are early adopters of modern irrigation technology. A formative evaluation procedure was applied to assess the acceptability of the bulletin against a number of non‐adoption criteria, including irrelevance, inflexibility, inaccessibility, lack of confidence and institutional and political barriers. Feedback from the pre‐ and post‐trial run surveys revealed that there were discrepancies between perceived and actual information needs by farmers, which include seasonal influences, water quality, salinity levels and crop life cycle. We demonstrate and argue the importance of assessing end‐user needs again after the implementation of the decision support system in order to limit the risk of non‐adoption. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone healing around nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite, deproteinized bovine bone mineral, biphasic calcium phosphate, and autogenous bone in mandibular bone defects
Authors: Broggini Nina , Bosshardt Dieter D. , Jensen Simon S. , Bornstein Michael M. , Wang Chun‐Cheng , Buser Daniel 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe individual healing profile of a given bone substitute with respect to osteogenic potential and substitution rate must be considered when selecting adjunctive grafting materials for bone regeneration procedures. In this study, standardized mandibular defects in minipigs were filled with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA‐SiO), deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) with a 60/40% HA/β‐TCP (BCP 60/40) ratio, or particulate autogenous bone (A) for histological and histomorphometric analysis. At 2 weeks, percent filler amongst the test groups (DBBM (35.65%), HA‐SiO (34.47%), followed by BCP 60/40 (23.64%)) was significantly higher than the more rapidly substituted autogenous bone (17.1%). Autogenous bone yielded significantly more new bone (21.81%) over all test groups (4.91%–7.74%) and significantly more osteoid (5.53%) than BCP 60/40 (3%) and DBBM (2.25%). At 8 weeks, percent filler amongst the test groups (DBBM (31.6%), HA‐SiO (31.23%), followed by BCP 60/40 (23.65%)) demonstrated a similar pattern and was again significantly higher as compared to autogenous bone (9.29%). Autogenous bone again exhibited statistically significantly greater new bone (55.13%) over HA‐SiO (40.62%), BCP 60/40 (40.21%), and DBBM (36.35%). These results suggest that the osteogenic potential of HA‐SiO and BCP is inferior when compared to autogenous bone. However, in instances where a low substitution rate is desired to maintain the volume stability of augmented sites, particularly in the esthetic zone, HA‐SiO and DBBM may be favored. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1478–1487, 2015.
Transcatheter fiber heart valve: Effect of crimping on material performances
Authors: Khoffi Foued , Heim Frederic , Chakfe Nabil , Lee Jason T. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a popular alternative technique to surgical valve replacement. However, the biological valve tissue used in these devices appears to be fragile material in the long term particularly due being folded for low diameter catheter insertion purposes and when released in a calcified environment with irregular geometry. Textile polyester material is characterized by outstanding folding and strength properties combined with proven biocompatibility. It could therefore be considered as a replacement for biological valve leaflets in the TAVI procedure. The folding process associated with crimping, however, may degrade the filaments involved in the fibrous assembly and limit the durability of the device. The purpose of the present work is to study the effect of different crimping conditions on the mechanical performances of textile valve prototypes made from various fabric constructions. Results show that crimping generates some creases in the fabrics, which surface topography varies with fabric construction and crimping configuration. The mechanical properties of the crimped materials are globally slightly reduced. To determine how critical the modifications due to crimping are for prosthesis durability, more detailed long term in vitro and in vivo trials with crimped textile prototypes are needed in addition to this preliminary work. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1488–1497, 2015.
Injectable radiopaque and bioactive polycaprolactone‐ceramic composites for orthopedic augmentation
Authors: No Young Jung , Roohani‐Esfahani Seyed‐Iman , Lu Zufu , Schaer Thomas , Zreiqat Hala 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop and characterize an injectable bone void filler by incorporating baghdadite (Ca3ZrSi2O9) particles (average size of 1.7 µm) into polycaprolactone (PCL). A series of PCL composites containing different volume percentages of baghdadite [1 (PCL‐1%Bag), 5 (PCL‐5%Bag), 10 (PCL‐10%Bag), 20 (PCL‐20%Bag), and 30 (PCL‐30%Bag)] were prepared, and their injectability, setting time, mechanical properties, radiopacity, degradation, and cytocompatibility were investigated. PCL, PCL‐1%Bag, PCL‐5%Bag, and PCL‐10%Bag were able to be injected through a stainless steel syringe (Length: 9.0 mm, nozzle diameter: 2.2 mm) at 75°C at injection forces of below 1.5 kN. The core temperature of the injected material at the nozzle exit ranged between 55 and 60°C and was shown to set after 2.5–3.5 min postinjection in a 37°C environment. Injection force, melt viscosity, and radiopacity of the composites increased with increasing baghdadite content. Incorporation of 10–30 vol % baghdadite into PCL increased the compressive strength of the composites from 36 to 47.1 MPa, compared with that for pure PCL (31.4 MPa). Similar trend was found for the compressive modulus of the composites, which increased from 203.8 to 741 MPa, compared with that for pure PCL (205 MPa). Flexural strain of PCL, PCL‐5%Bag, and PCL‐10%Bag exceeded 30%, and PCL‐10%Bag showed the highest flexural strength (29.8 MPa). Primary human osteoblasts cultured on PCL‐10%Bag showed a significant upregulation of osteogenic genes compared with pure PCL. In summary, our results demonstrated that PCL‐10%Bag could be a promising injectable material for orthopedic and trauma application. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1465–1477, 2015.
Iota‐carrageenan/chitosan/gelatin scaffold for the osteogenic differentiation of adipose‐derived MSCsin vitro
Authors: Li Junjie , Yang Boguang , Qian Yufeng , Wang Qiyu , Han Ruijin , Hao Tong , Shu Yao , Zhang Yabin , Yao Fanglian , Wang Changyong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this study, we have developed ι‐carrageenan/chitosan/gelatin (CCG) scaffold containing multiple functional groups (‐NH2, ‐OH, ‐COOH, and –SO3H) to resemble the native extracellular matrix (ECM), using the ion‐shielding technology and ultrasonic dispersion method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of the CCG scaffolds suggests that the formation of CCG network involves electrostatic interactions between ι‐carrageenan (ι‐CA) and chitosan/gelatin, and the covalent cross‐linking among amino groups of chitosan and/or gelatin. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation reveals that the porous structure of scaffolds can be modulated by the ratio of ι‐CA to chitosan/gelatin. The swelling ratio of the hydrogels increases as the ι‐CA contents increase. Using differential scanning calorimetry, we found that the double helix structure of ι‐CA is only stabilized at low contents of ι‐CA in the CCG scaffolds (e.g., 5 wt %). The scaffolds containing 5% ι‐CA showed the best protein adsorption capacity (4.46 ± 0.63 μg protein/mg scaffold) and elastic modulus (5.37 ± 1.03 MPa). In addition, the CCG scaffolds exhibit excellent support for adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) attachment and proliferation, and they can improve the osteogenic differentiation and neovascularization capacities of ADMSCs. Overall, we conclude that the CCG may represent an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1498–1510, 2015.
Biological properties of a thermally crosslinked gelatin film as a novel anti‐adhesive material: Relationship between the biological properties and the extent of thermal crosslinking
Authors: Tsujimoto Hiroyuki , Tanzawa Ayumi , Miyamoto Hiroe , Horii Tsunehito , Tsuji Misaki , Kawasumi Akari , Tamura Atsushi , Wang Zhen , Abe Rie , Tanaka Shota , Yamanaka Kouki , Matoba Mari , Torii Hiroko , Ozamoto Yuki , Takamori Hideki , Suzuki Shuko , Morita Shinichiro , Ikada Yoshito , Hagiwara Akeo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn order to prevent postoperative adhesion and the related complications, a thermally crosslinked gelatin (TCG) film was developed and the basic biological properties were examined, paying special attention to the relationship between these properties and the extent of crosslinking of the film. The gelatin films crosslinked thermally for five different time periods (0, 1, 3, 8, and 14 hours) were developed and the following tests were performed. Regarding the material characterization of the films, the water content, the water solubility, and the enzymatic degradation for collagenase were found to be closely related to the duration of thermal crosslinking. In an in vitro study conducted to examine the cell growth of fibroblasts cultured on the films, the degree of cell growth, except no crosslinked film, was less than that observed in the control group, thus suggesting that such effects of the films on fibroblast cell growth may be related with their anti‐adhesive effects. In in vivo tests, the films crosslinked for longer time periods (3, 8, and 14 hours) were retained for longer after being implanted into the abdominal cavity in rats and showed a significant anti‐adhesive effect in the rat cecum adhesion models, indicating that the biodegradability and anti‐adhesive effects of the TCG films depend on the duration of thermal crosslinking. In order to develop useful and effective anti‐adhesive gelatin film, it is very important to optimize duration of the thermal crosslinking. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1511–1518, 2015.
Quantification of 3‐n‐butylphthalide in beagle plasma samples by supercritical fluid chromatography with triple quadruple mass spectrometry and its application to an oral bioavailability study
Authors: Li Yun , Zhao Longshan , Li Xiaoting , Guo Bei , Zhao Juanhang , Wang Xianglin , Zhang Tianhong 
Published: November 2014

A high‐throughput, rapid, sensitive, environmentally friendly, and economical supercritical fluid chromatography with triple quadruple mass spectrometry method was established and validated for the first time to determine a cerebral stroke treatment drug named 3‐n‐butylphthalide in dog plasma. Plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation with methanol and the analytes were eluted on an ACQUITY UPC2TM HSS‐C18 SB column (3 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) maintained at 50°C. The mobile phase comprised supercritical carbon dioxide/methanol (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min, the compensation solvent was methanol at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min and the total run time was 1.5 min per sample. The detection was carried out on a tandem mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization source. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 1.02–1021.00 ng/mL (r2 ≥ 0.993) with the lower limit of quantification of 1.02 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision values were below 15% and the accuracy was from 97.90 to 103.70% at all quality control levels. The method was suitable for a pharmacokinetic study of 3‐n‐butylphthalide in beagle dogs.
Branched Terthiophenes in Organic Electronics: From Small Molecules to Polymers
Authors: Scheuble Martin , Goll Miriam , Ludwigs Sabine 
Published: November 2014

A zoo of chemical structures is accessible when the branched unit 2,2′:3',2″‐terthiophene (3T) is included both in structurally well‐defined small molecules and polymer‐like architectures. The first part of this review article highlights literature on all‐thiophene based branched oligomers including dendrimers as well as combinations of 3T‐units with functional moieties for light‐harvesting systems. Motivated by the perfectly branched macromolecular dendrimers both electropoly­merization as well as chemical approaches are presented as methods for the preparation of branched polythiophenes with different branching densities. Structure‐function relationships between the molecular architecture and optical and electronic properties are discussed throughout the article.
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Should firms conceal information when dealing with common suppliers?
Authors: Jain Aditya , Sohoni Milind 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA firm making quantity decision under uncertainty loses profit if its private information is leaked to competitors. Outsourcing increases this risk as a third party supplier may leak information for its own benefit. The firm may choose to conceal information from the competitors by entering in a confidentiality agreement with the supplier. This, however, diminishes the firm's ability to dampen competition by signaling a higher quantity commitment. We examine this trade‐off in a stylized supply chain in which two firms, endowed with private demand information, order sequentially from a common supplier, and engage in differentiated quantity competition. In our model, the supplier can set different wholesale prices for firms, and the second‐mover firm could be better informed. Contrary to what is expected, information concealment is not always beneficial to the first mover. We characterize conditions under which the first mover firm will not prefer concealing information. We show that this depends on the relative informativeness of the second mover and is moderated by competition intensity. We examine the supplier's incentive in participating in information concealment, and develop a contract that enables it for wider set of parameter values. We extend our analysis to examine firms' incentive to improve information. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 62:1–15, 2015
A dietary phytochemical blend prevents liver damage associated with adipose tissue mobilization in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Miller Colette N. , Yang Jeong‐Yeh , Avra Tucker , Ambati Suresh , Della‐Fera Mary Anne , Rayalam Srujana , Baile Clifton A. 
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveMenopausal reduction in estrogen causes increased adipose accumulation, leading many to turn to dietary supplements to prevent and treat such changes. Enhanced adipose mobilization stimulated by some supplements can increase the risk of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cytoprotective and anti‐obesity compounds may prevent the lipotoxicity associated with mobilization.MethodsA phytochemical blend was tested in aged, ovariectomized rats. Rats were given the AIN‐93M basal diet or a diet containing varying doses of phytochemicals with 2.4 IU/g vitamin D [diet 1: 1000 mg/kg genistein (G); diet 2: 500 mg/kg (G), 200 mg/kg resveratrol (R), and 1000 mg/kg quercetin (Q); diet 3: 1000 mg/kg (G), 400 mg/kg (R), and 2000 mg/kg (Q)].ResultsSerum free fatty acids and hepatic triglycerides were elevated with diets 2 and 3. Despite this increase, the phytochemical blends did not increase apoptotic, cell repair, or remodeling gene expression. The highest phytochemical dose prevented increases in serum alanine aminotransferase.ConclusionsAdverse hepatic effects secondary to ovariectomy were mitigated through the inclusion of a dietary phytochemical blend in aged ovariectomized rats. The use of such compounds may not only help with weight management and disease risk in menopausal women, but may also prevent the lipotoxicity in NAFLD.