bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exilic Becomings: Post-Genocide Armenian Music in Lebanon
Authors: Alajaji Sylvia A. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Through a comparison with the musical trends in the decades before and after its rise, this paper examines the estradayin movement in Lebanon--a pop music genre that arose in the Armenian exilic community in Beirut--as one whose spatial and temporal hybridities facilitated a transformative moment in the discourse of Armenian identity. However, with the start of Lebanon’s civil war and the re-diasporization of the Lebanese-Armenian community to California, this genre becomes the locus of a highly militant discourse of identity that subverts the inclusivity of the hybridity embodied within the estradayin songs into something exclusive, creating boundaries out of that which had once defied them.
Associations of Foot Posture and Function to Lower Extremity Pain: Results From a Population‐Based Foot Study
Authors: Riskowski Jody L. , Dufour Alyssa B. , Hagedorn Thomas J. , Hillstrom Howard J. , Casey Virginia A. , Hannan Marian T. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveStudies have implicated foot posture and foot function as risk factors for lower extremity pain. Empirical population‐based evidence for this assertion is lacking; therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate cross‐sectional associations of foot posture and foot function to lower extremity joint pain in a population‐based study of adults.MethodsParticipants were members of the Framingham Foot Study. Lower extremity joint pain was determined by the response to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey–type question, “On most days do you have pain, aching or stiffness in your (hips, knees, ankles, or feet)?” The Modified Arch Index classified participants as having planus, rectus (referent), or cavus foot posture. The Center of Pressure Excursion Index classified participants as having overpronated, normal (referent), or oversupinated foot function. Crude and adjusted (age, sex, and body mass index) logistic regression determined associations of foot posture and function to lower extremity pain.ResultsParticipants with planus structure had higher odds of knee (odds ratio [OR] 1.57, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.24–1.99) or ankle (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.05–2.06) pain, whereas those with a cavus foot structure had increased odds of ankle pain only (OR 7.56, 95% CI 1.99–28.8) and pain at 1 lower extremity site (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.04–1.80). Associations between foot function and lower extremity joint pain were not statistically significant except for a reduced risk of hip pain in those with an oversupinated foot function (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.93).ConclusionThese findings offer a link between foot posture and lower extremity pain, highlighting the need for longitudinal or intervention studies.
A Desymmetrization Approach to the Enantiopure syn/anti‐1,5‐Diols via Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution (HKR) of Functionalized meso‐Bis‐Epoxides: Further Elaboration to syn/syn‐1,3,5‐Triols and Application to the Formal Synthesis of Cryptocarya Diacetate
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Chowdhury Partha Sarathi , Pandey Menaka 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA new approach has been developed for the synthesis of enantiopure syn/anti‐1,5‐diols by desymmetrization of functionalized meso‐bis‐epoxides using hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR). The usage of this protocol was demonstrated by converting syn‐1,5‐diols into syn/syn‐1,3,5‐triols and its subseqent application to the formal synthesis of cryptocarya diacetate.
CC Hydrolases for Biocatalysis
Authors: Siirola Elina , Frank Annika , Grogan Gideon , Kroutil Wolfgang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAlthough CC bond hydrolases are distributed widely in Nature, they has as yet have received only limited attention in the area of biocatalysis compared to their counterpart the C‐heteroatom hydrolases, such as lipases and proteases. However, the substrate range of CC hydrolases, and their non‐dependence on cofactors, suggest that these enzymes may have considerable potential for applications in synthesis. In addition, hydrolases such as the β‐diketone hydrolase from Rhodococcus (OCH) are known, that catalyse the formation of interesting chiral intermediates. Further enzymes, such as kynureninase and a meta‐cleavage product hydrolase (MhpC), are able to catalyse carbon‐carbon bond formation, suggesting wider applications in biocatalysis than previously envisaged. In this review, the distribution, catalytic characteristics and applications of CC hydrolases are described, with a view to assessing their potentialfor use in biocatalytic processes in the future.
SNCA rs356219 variant increases risk of sporadic Parkinson's disease in ethnic Chinese
Authors: Li Nan‐Nan , Mao Xue‐Ye , Chang Xue‐Li , Zhao Dong‐Mei , Zhang Jin‐Hong , Liao Qiao , Yu Wen‐Juan , Tan Eng‐King , Peng Rong 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAlpha‐synuclein gene (SNCA) polymorphisms have been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). A recently published genome‐wide association study (GWAS) meta‐analysis from the USA and Europe found a strong association between SNCA rs356219 and PD. Considering the population‐specific heterogeneity, we investigated the role of SNCA rs356219 as PD susceptibility in a large Han Chinese population of 685 patients and 569 controls. The SNCA rs356219‐G allele was found to increase the risk to develop PD (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.54–2.13, P = 5.71E−13). The meta‐analysis revealed that the frequency of AG + GG genotypes higher in PD than in control subjects (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.56–2.19, P = 0.00001) in the Asian population. PD patients with AG + GG genotypes were associated with earlier age at onset compared with those with AA genotype. No such significant association was observed in the clinical presentation for gender, age at onset, and onset symptoms. Our study provides strong support for the susceptibility role of SNCA rs356219 in sporadic PD in a Han Chinese population from mainland China and the meta‐analysis also revealed a similar finding in the Asian population. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FMR1 CGG expansions: Prevalence and sex ratios
Authors: Maenner Matthew J. , Baker Mei W. , Broman Karl W. , Tian Jianan , Barnes Janel K. , Atkins Anne , McPherson Elizabeth , Hong Jinkuk , Brilliant Murray H. , Mailick Marsha R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe have estimated the prevalence of FMR1 premutation and gray zone CGG repeat expansions in a population‐based sample of 19,996 male and female adults in Wisconsin and compared the observed sex ratios of the prevalence of FMR1 CGG premutation and gray zone expansions to theoretical sex ratios. The female premutation prevalence was 1 in 148 and comparable to past research, but the male premutation prevalence of 1 in 290 is somewhat higher than most previous estimates. The female:male premutation prevalence ratio is in line with the theoretically predicted sex ratio. The prevalence of CGG repeats in the gray zone (45–54 repeats) was 1 in 33 females and 1 in 62 males. The prevalence of the “expanded” gray zone (defined here as 41–54 CGG repeats) was 1 in 14 females and 1 in 22 males, leading to a female:male ratio of 1.62 (95% confidence interval 1.39–1.90). This female:male ratio was significantly lower than the expected ratio of 2.0. We examined results from three previously published FMR1 prevalence studies and found similar female:male ratios for CGG repeats in this “expanded” gray zone range (pooled female:male ratio across all four studies 1.66, 95% confidence interval 1.51–1.82). Further research is needed to understand the apparent excess prevalence of males with CGG repeats in this range. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Histopathologic parameters in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: impact on quality of life outcomes
Authors: Soy Fatih Kemal , Pinar Ercan , Imre Abdulkadir , Calli Caglar , Calli Aylin , Oncel Semih 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease with a significant impact on health‐related quality of life (QOL) of the patient. Histologic inflammatory markers in CRS are an important marker in determining the severity of the disease. In this study, we evaluated the association of histopathologic parameters with QOL questionnaires in patients with CRS with nasal polyposis after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).MethodsA total of 57 patients were included in this study. Preoperative patient characteristics, clinical findings, and computed tomography scores were recorded. Two QOL measures, the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) and Short Form‐36 General Health Survey (SF‐36) were analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively. Sinus mucosal specimens were collected at the time of surgery. Presence of the inflammation was evaluated with cellular (eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, mast cells, macrophages), epithelial (basement membrane thickness [BMT], goblet cell) and stromal markers (subepithelial edema). The histopathological findings were compared statistically with the QOL measures.ResultsIn comparison of the absolute change of the RSDI and SF‐36 scores with mucosal eosinophilia, patients with eosinophilia showed significantly less improvement only in the SF‐36 physical functioning subscale (p = 0.004). There was a statistically significant relationship between BMT and RSDI total (p = 0.042), emotional scores (p = 0.003), SF‐36 general health (p = 0.032), SF‐36 physical function (p = 0.007), SF‐36 bodily pain (p = 0.044), and SF‐36 mental health (p = 0.022).ConclusionFor most patients QOL significantly improved after surgery. Mucosal eosinophilia did not correlate with the absolute change of the RSDI. However, thickening of basal membrane adversely affects symptoms of the patients and correlates with the disease severity.
High‐Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ankle Joints in Murine Arthritis Discriminates Inflammation and Bone Destruction in a Quantifiable Manner
Authors: Rose Shawn , Waters Emily A. , Haney Chad R. , Meade C. Thomas J. , Perlman Harris 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThe ability to noninvasively monitor the development of inflammatory arthritis longitudinally has become increasingly important in experimental rheumatology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for detailed examination of anatomic structures, as well as the assessment of joint and soft tissue inflammation. The aim of this study was to extend the use of MRI to include quantitative measurements of bone destruction in murine ankle joints.MethodsJoint disease was measured serially using clinical, histologic, in vivo imaging system (IVIS), micro–computed tomography (micro‐CT), and MRI techniques in mouse ankle joints, using the K/BxN serum transfer–induced acute arthritis and K/BxAg7 chronic arthritis models. Ankle joint MRI was performed using a gradient‐echo pulse sequence to evaluate bone destruction and a spin‐echo sequence to evaluate inflammation (long T2 signal).ResultsArthritic mice, as compared to control mice, demonstrated increased disease severity according to clinical, histologic, IVIS, and MRI measures. Following induction of arthritis, the majority of volume expansion of the long T2 signal occurred in a juxtaarticular, rather than intrarticular, manner within the ankle joints. Bone destruction in K/BxAg7 mouse ankle joints was readily detectible by MRI. Linear regression analyses demonstrated significant correlations between the clinical score and joint radiance intensity assessed by IVIS, between the ankle joint width and increased long T2 signal on MRI, and between the bone volume obtained by micro‐CT and bone volume obtained by MRI.ConclusionMRI is an optimal technology for anatomic localization of articular and soft tissue changes during the development and progression of inflammatory arthritis. Future studies may combine MRI with in vivo labeling agents to investigate joint disease in a cell type–specific manner.
Brief Report: Interleukin‐6 as an Inflammatory Mediator and Target of Therapy in Chronic Periaortitis
Authors: Vaglio Augusto , Catanoso Maria G. , Spaggiari Lucia , Magnani Luca , Pipitone Nicolò , Macchioni Pierluigi , Pulsatelli Lia , Nicastro Maria , Becchi Gabriella , Corradi Domenico , Versari Annibale , Boiardi Luigi , Salvarani Carlo 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveChronic periaortitis (CP) usually responds to glucocorticoids, but some patients have glucocorticoid‐refractory disease or contraindications to glucocorticoid therapy. This study was undertaken to evaluate treatment with the anti–interleukin‐6 receptor (anti–IL‐6R) antibody tocilizumab in 2 patients with CP, one with refractory disease and the other with contraindications to glucocorticoids, and to assess IL‐6 levels in an additional cohort of patients with CP.MethodsBoth patients were given intravenous tocilizumab (8 mg/kg) once every 4 weeks for 6 months. Serum IL‐6 was measured in 22 patients with active CP and 16 healthy controls. Tissue IL‐6 expression was assessed by confocal microscopy in biopsy specimens obtained from 6 patients with CP.ResultsIn the first patient, whose disease was refractory to various immunosuppressive treatments, tocilizumab added to ongoing therapy with prednisone and methotrexate allowed prednisone withdrawal and induced resolution of symptoms, acute‐phase reactant normalization, and reduction in 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography. The patient experienced a relapse 7 months later and was successfully retreated with tocilizumab. In the second patient, who was unable to tolerate glucocorticoids because of psychiatric side effects, tocilizumab monotherapy induced sustained clinical and laboratory remission, 18F‐FDG uptake disappearance, and CP shrinkage. Serum IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in patients with active CP than in controls (P < 0.0001), and IL‐6 was abundantly expressed in biopsy specimens from CP patients, particularly by T cells, B cells, histiocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular smooth muscle cells.ConclusionTocilizumab may be a therapeutic option for CP. The systemic and tissue up‐regulation of IL‐6 in CP, together with the clinical benefit of IL‐6R blockade observed in our 2 patients, suggest that IL‐6 may contribute to CP pathogenesis.
Development of a novel and efficient cell culture flocculation process using a stimulus responsive polymer to streamline antibody purification processes
Authors: Kang Yun (Kenneth) , Hamzik James , Felo Michael , Qi Bo , Lee Julia , Ng Stanley , Liebisch Gregory , Shanehsaz Behnam , Singh Nripen , Persaud Kris , Ludwig Dale L. , Balderes Paul 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTRecent advances in mammalian cell culture processes have significantly increased product titers, but have also resulted in substantial increases in cell density and cellular debris as well as process and product related impurities. As such, with improvements in titer, corresponding improvements in downstream processing are essential. In this study we have developed an alternative antibody harvest process that incorporates flocculation using a novel stimulus responsive polymer, benzylated poly(allylamine), followed by depth filtration. As tested on multiple antibodies, this process demonstrates high process yield, improved clearance of cells and cell debris, and efficient reduction of aggregates, host cell proteins (HCP) and DNA. A wide operating window was established for this novel flocculation process through design of experiments condition screening and optimization. Residual levels of impurities in the Protein A eluate were achieved that potentially meet requirements of drug substance and thus alleviate the burden for further impurities removal in subsequent chromatography steps. In addition, efficient clearance of residual polymer was demonstrated using a fluorescence tagged polymer in the presence of a stimulus reagent. The mechanism of HCP and aggregates removal during flocculation was also explored. This novel and efficient process can be easily integrated into current mAb purification platforms, and may overcome downstream processing challenges. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 2928–2937. © 2013 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
α‐L‐Fucosidase Inhibition by Pyrrolidine–Ferrocene Hybrids: Rationalization of Ligand‐Binding Properties by Structural Studies
Authors: Hottin Audrey , Wright Daniel W. , Steenackers Agata , Delannoy Philippe , Dubar Faustine , Biot Christophe , Davies Gideon J. , Behr Jean‐Bernard 
Published: June 2013

AbstractEnhanced metabolism of fucose through fucosidase overexpression is a signature of some cancer types, thus suggesting that fucosidase‐targetted ligands could play the role of drug‐delivery vectors. Herein, we describe the synthesis of a new series of pyrrolidine–ferrocene conjugates, consisting of a L‐fuco‐configured dihydroxypyrrolidine as the fucosidase ligand armed with a cytotoxic ferrocenylamine moeity. Three‐dimensional structures of several of these fucosidase inhibitors reveal transition‐state‐mimicking 3E conformations. Elaboration with the ferrocenyl moiety results in sub‐micromolar inhibitors of both bovine and bacterial fucosidases, with the 3D structure of the latter revealing electron density indicative of highly mobile alkylferrocene compounds. The best compounds show a strong antiproliferative effect, with up to 100 % inhibition of the proliferation of MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells at 50 μM.
An ecological genetic delineation of local seed‐source provenance for ecological restoration
Authors: Krauss Siegfried L. , Sinclair Elizabeth A. , Bussell John D. , Hobbs Richard J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAn increasingly important practical application of the analysis of spatial genetic structure within plant species is to help define the extent of local provenance seed collection zones that minimize negative impacts in ecological restoration programs. Here, we derive seed sourcing guidelines from a novel range‐wide assessment of spatial genetic structure of 24 populations ofBanksia menziesii(Proteaceae), a widely distributedWesternAustralian tree of significance in local ecological restoration programs. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of 100 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers revealed significant genetic differentiation among populations (ΦPT = 0.18). Pairwise population genetic dissimilarity was correlated with geographic distance, but not environmental distance derived from 15 climate variables, suggesting overall neutrality of these markers with regard to these climate variables. Nevertheless,Bayesian outlier analysis identified four markers potentially under selection, although these were not correlated with the climate variables. We calculated a globalR‐statistic using analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) to test the statistical significance of population differentiation and to infer a threshold seed collection zone distance of ~60 km (all markers) and 100 km (outlier markers) when genetic distance was regressed against geographic distance. Population pairs separated by >60 km were, on average, twice as likely to be significantly genetically differentiated than population pairs separated by <60 km, suggesting that habitat‐matched sites within a 30‐km radius around a restoration site genetically defines a local provenance seed collection zone forB. menziesii. Our approach is a novel probability‐based practical solution for the delineation of a local seed collection zone to minimize negative genetic impacts in ecological restoration.
Controlled Synthesis of Well‐Ordered Mesoporous Titania Films with Large Mesopores Templated by Spherical PS‐b‐PEO Micelles
Authors: Jiang Xiangfen , Suzuki Norihiro , Bastakoti Bishnu Prasad , Chen Wei‐Jung , Huang Yu‐Tzu , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe focus on the effects of solvent and the hydrolysis rate of inorganic precursors in the synthesis of ordered mesoporous titania thin film with uniform and large‐sized pores. The amphiphilic diblock copolymer poly(styrene‐b‐ethylene oxide) was used as the structure‐directing agent. The formation of orderly arranged polymeric micelles is primarily necessary to obtain well‐ordered mesoporous titania. Here, we achieve both large‐sized mesopores and long‐range ordering by precisely controlling the properties of the precursor solution. The mesostructural domains successfully extend up to the micrometer scale, which has never seen in previous reports.
Tröger's Base Derived Phosphanes for ­Suzuki–Miyaura and Buchwald–Hartwig Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Pereira Raul , Cvengroš Ján 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA library of bis(phosphane) ligands based on the 2,8‐substituted Tröger's base scaffold was synthesized through an efficient two‐step protocol by starting from a commercially available aniline. The new ligands proved their efficiency in palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions and Buchwald–Hartwig aminations of aryl chlorides and bromides.
Effect of organic carbon, C:N ratio and light on the growth and lipid productivity of microalgae/cyanobacteria coculture
Authors: Silaban Athens , Bai Rong , Gutierrez‐Wing M. Teresa , Negulescu Ioan I. , Rusch Kelly A. 
Published: June 2013

Current culture methods based on monocultures under phototrophic regimes are prone to contamination, predation, and collapse. Native cultures of multiple species are adapted to the local conditions and are more robust against contamination and predation. Growth, lipid and biomass productivity of a Louisiana native coculture of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) and cyanobacteria (Leptolyngbya sp.) in heterotrophic and mixotrophic regimes were investigated. Dextrose and sodium acetate at C:N ratios of 15:1 and 30:1 under heterotrophic (dark) and mixotrophic (400 μmol m−2 s−1) regimes were compared with autotrophic controls. The carbon source and C:N ratio impacted growth and biomass productivity. Mixotrophic cultures with sodium acetate (C:N 15:1) resulted in the highest mean biomass productivity (156 g m−3 d−1) and neutral lipid productivity (24.07 g m−3 d−1). The maximum net specific growth rate (U) was higher (0.97 d−1) in mixotrophic cultures with dextrose (C:N 15:1) but could not be sustained resulting in lower total biomass than in mixotrophic cultures with acetate (C:N 15:1), with a U of 0.67 d−1. The ability of the Louisiana coculture to use organic carbon for biomass and lipid production makes it a viable feedstock for biofuels and bioproducts.