bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mature Results of a Phase II Study of Rituximab Therapy for Nodular Lymphocyte–Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Advani Ranjana H. , Horning Sandra J. , Hoppe Richard T. , Daadi Sarah , Allen John , Natkunam Yasodha , Bartlett Nancy L. 
Published: February 2014

Purpose Universal expression of CD20 by malignant cells in nodular lymphocyte–predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) led us to evaluate rituximab (R) as a therapeutic option. Patient and Methods Patients with previously treated or newly diagnosed NLPHL were treated with R (375 mg/m2 once per week for 4 weeks) or, after a protocol amendment, with R plus R maintenance (MR; administered once every 6 months for 2 years). Primary and secondary outcome measures were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR), respectively. Results A total of 39 patients were enrolled (R, n = 23; R + MR, n = 16). After four once-per-week treatments, ORR was 100% (complete response, 67%; partial response, 33%). At median follow-ups of 9.8 years for R and 5 years for R + MR, median PFS were 3 and 5.6 years (P = .26), respectively; median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Estimated 5-year PFS and OS for patients treated with R versus R + MR were 39.1% (95% CI, 23.5 to 65.1) and 95.7% (95% CI, 87.7 to 100) versus 58.9% (95% CI, 38.0 to 91.2) and 85.7% (95% CI, 69.2 to 100), respectively. Nine of 23 patients experiencing relapse had evidence of transformation to aggressive B-cell lymphoma; six of these patients had infradiaphragmatic involvement at study entry. Conclusion R is an active agent in NLPHL. Although responses are not durable in most patients, a significant minority experience remissions lasting > 5 years. R + MR results in a nonsignificant increase in PFS compared with R. R may be considered in the relapsed setting for NLPHL. The potential for transformation of NLPHL to aggressive B-cell lymphoma underscores the importance of rebiopsy and long-term follow-up.
Society of Surgical Oncology–American Society for Radiation Oncology Consensus Guideline on Margins for Breast-Conserving Surgery With Whole-Breast Irradiation in Stages I and II Invasive Breast Cancer
Authors: Moran Meena S. , Schnitt Stuart J. , Giuliano Armando E. , Harris Jay R. , Khan Seema A. , Horton Janet , Klimberg Suzanne , Chavez-MacGregor Mariana , Freedman Gary , Houssami Nehmat , Johnson Peggy L. , Morrow Monica 
Published: February 2014

Purpose Controversy exists regarding the optimal margin width in breast-conserving surgery for invasive breast cancer. Methods A multidisciplinary consensus panel used a meta-analysis of margin width and ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) from a systematic review of 33 studies including 28,162 patients as the primary evidence base for consensus. Results Positive margins (ink on invasive carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ) are associated with a two-fold increase in the risk of IBTR compared with negative margins. This increased risk is not mitigated by favorable biology, endocrine therapy, or a radiation boost. More widely clear margins do not significantly decrease the rate of IBTR compared with no ink on tumor. There is no evidence that more widely clear margins reduce IBTR for young patients or for those with unfavorable biology, lobular cancers, or cancers with an extensive intraductal component. Conclusion The use of no ink on tumor as the standard for an adequate margin in invasive cancer in the era of multidisciplinary therapy is associated with low rates of IBTR and has the potential to decrease re-excision rates, improve cosmetic outcomes, and decrease health care costs. J Clin Oncol 32. 2014 American Society of Clinical Oncology®, American Society for Radiation Oncology®, and Society of Surgical Oncology®. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission by the American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Surgical Oncology.
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Is Up-Regulated in Thyroid Carcinoma and Drives the Development of an Immunosuppressant Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Moretti Sonia , Menicali Elisa , Voce Pasquale , Morelli Silvia , Cantarelli Sara , Sponziello Marialuisa , Colella Renato , Fallarino Francesca , Orabona Ciriana , Alunno Alessia , de Biase Dario , Bini Vittorio , Mameli Maria Grazia , Filetti Sebastiano , Gerli Roberto , Macchiarulo Antonio , Melillo Rosa Marina , Tallini Giovanni , Santoro Massimo , Puccetti Paolo , Avenia Nicola , Puxeddu Efisio 
Published: February 2014

Context:
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a single chain oxidoreductase that catalyzes tryptophan degradation to kynurenine. In cancer, it appears to exert an immunosuppressive function as part of an acquired mechanism of immune escape mediated by the inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and survival and by the induction of FoxP3+ T regulatory cells.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to evaluate IDO1 expression in thyroid carcinoma and demonstrate its immunosuppressive function in the context of thyroid tumors.

Setting:
IDO1 expression was evaluated by quantitative PCR in 105 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), 11 medullary thyroid carcinomas, six anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, and five thyroid carcinoma cell lines (TCCLs), by immunohistochemistry in 55 PTCs and by Western blotting in five TCCLs. FoxP3+ Treg lymphocyte density was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 29 PTCs. IDO1 inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation was tested in coculture experiments of TCCLs and activated lymphocytes.

Results:
IDO1 mRNA expression resulted significantly higher in all the analyzed thyroid carcinoma histotypes compared with normal thyroid. Interestingly, an increase of IDO1 mRNA expression magnitude could be observed with gain of aggressiveness (PTCs and medullary thyroid carcinomas ≪ anaplastic thyroid carcinomas). In PTCs, IDO1 mRNA expression magnitude correlated with IDO1 immunostaining intensity in cancer cells and with FoxP3+ Treg lymphocyte density in the tumor microenvironment. IDO1 was expressed in human thyroid cancer cell lines in vitro, and FTC-133 cells showed high kynurenine concentration in the conditioned medium and a strong suppressive action on the proliferation of activated lymphocytes in coculture experiments.

Conclusions:
For the first time, this study demonstrates a pivotal role of IDO1 in the suppression of lymphocyte function in thyroid carcinoma microenvironment.
An Evaluation of the Activity of Smoking Cessation Practitioners in New Zealand Following Smoking Cessation Training
Authors: McRobbie Hayden , Barlow Denise , Bullen Chris , Eadie Stewart , Wallace-Bell Mark , Whittaker Robyn 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHealth care professionals (HCPs) in New Zealand have access to free smoking cessation training that enables them to deliver smoking cessation support and provide Government subsidised nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). However, it is unknown how many trainees go on to provide cessation services or what level of smoking cessation support activity they undertake. A questionnaire was sent to 1183 HCPs to assess this and also enquire about barriers to establishing and/or providing a cessation service. Despite a low response rate (11%) a number of important issues were identified; 84% of respondents had provided smoking cessation treatment and the majority of these (92%) were still providing treatment. The most frequent barriers reported were lack of dedicated time and funding to provide treatment. Support in establishing smoking cessation treatment and ongoing training support were the 2 main trainee needs. Smoking cessation specialists are a relatively new group of HCPs whose numbers are likely to grow. Smoking cessation training should address the needs of HCPs and a range of barriers to implementing treatment.
Doctors' Attitude Towards Current Smokers With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Impact on Delivering Smoking Cessation Advice
Authors: Winstanley Laura , Daunt Matthew , Macfarlane James 
Published: February 2014

AbstractObjective: To explore the attitudes of hospital doctors towards current smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Methods: We surveyed 184 hospital doctors of all grades regarding their attitudes to four patient scenarios including: current excess alcohol drinker, current smoker limited by angina, current intravenous drug user and current smoker limited by COPD. Doctors scored to what degree they felt the patients were at fault for their condition and in control of their future health. Results: Most doctors agreed/strongly agreed that current smokers with COPD were the most ‘at fault’ for their condition and when asked to rank the four patients from most to blame to least to blame for their own ill health, 80% doctors ranked smokers with COPD more to blame than smokers with angina. In the last 2 weeks almost all doctors had managed smokers, but only two thirds had offered any form of cessation advice. Comment: A significant proportion of doctors believe that patients with COPD are at fault for their condition; however, they appear to believe there is scope for change in smokers and other addicted patients. By implementing smoking cessation training, doctors can improve the care offered to smokers and avoid the negative attitude towards smokers with COPD.
Bibliometrie – ein Aufgabengebiet von Bibliotheken?
Authors: May Monika 
Published: February 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Bibliometrie zur Evaluation wissenschaftlicher Leistung gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Vor allem für Hochschulleitungen sind bibliometrische Indices zur Leistungsbeurteilung ihrer Wissenschaftler attraktiv. Die Wissenschaftler hingegen stehen den bibliometrischen Analysen skeptisch gegenüber und nehmen die Indices nur zögerlich an, wie die geringe Nutzung auf ihren Homepages im Internet zeigt. Für Bibliotheken ergibt sich eine neue Aufgabe. Sie sollten sich als Partner beider Gruppen positionieren und durch aktive Beratung ihre Kompetenz auf diesem Feld einbringen.
Forum Confluentes: Kunst, Kultur, Bildung
Authors: Ott Susanne 
Published: February 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Im Juni 2013 wurde der Kulturbau Forum Confluentes in Koblenz eröffnet. Der Neubau beherbergt die Stadtbibliothek Koblenz, das Mittelrhein-Museum, die Tourist-Information und das sogenannte Romanticum. Er ist im Zusammenhang mit der Neugestaltung des Zentralplatzes zu sehen, die einen „Nutzungsmix“ von Einzelhandel, Kultur und Tourismus zum Ziel hatte. Die verschiedenen Bereiche im Stadtzentrum sollen einen Anziehungspunkt schaffen, der zur Belebung der Innenstadt beiträgt.
Transthyretin: a multifaceted protein
Authors: Vieira Marta , Saraiva Maria João 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTransthyretin is a highly conserved homotetrameric protein, mainly synthetized by the liver and the choroid plexus of brain. The carrier role of TTR is well-known; however, many other functions have emerged, namely in the nervous system. Behavior, cognition, neuropeptide amidation, neurogenesis, nerve regeneration, axonal growth and 14-3-3ζ metabolism are some of the processes where TTR has an important role. TTR aggregates are responsible for many amyloidosis such as familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy. Normal TTR can also aggregate and deposit in the heart of old people and in preeclampsia placental tissue. Differences in TTR levels have been found in several neuropathologies, but its neuroprotective role, until now, was described in ischemia and Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this review is to stress the relevance of TTR, besides its well-known role on transport of thyroxine and retinol-binding protein.
Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy: a comparison of associated conditions, treatments and complications
Authors: Gilbert Audrey , Patenaude Valerie , Abenhaim Haim A. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Objective: Acute pancreatitis is a rare condition in pregnancy. The aim of this study is to compare associated conditions, treatments and complications of pancreatitis in pregnant and age-matched non-pregnant controls.

Methods: We carried out a population-based retrospective cohort study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) from 2003 to 2010. A cohort of pregnant women with acute pancreatitis was created and compared to a created age-matched cohort of non-pregnant women with acute pancreatitis at a 1:4 ratio. Comparisons of associated conditions, treatment types, and complications were carried out using unconditional logistic regression.

Results: We identified 7725 cases of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. As compared to non-pregnant controls, pancreatitis in pregnancy was more likely to be associated with cholelithiasis and less likely with hyperlipidemia and alcohol abuse. Pancreatitis in pregnancy was more likely to be treated with parenteral nutrition and less likely to undergo endoscopic sphincterotomy. As compared to non-pregnant controls, pregnant women with pancreatitis were less likely to have pancreatic pseudocysts/hemorrhage/necrosis, generalized peritonitis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and death.

Conclusion: Pancreatitis in pregnancy is predominantly caused by cholelithiasis, and unlike in the non-pregnant state, usually has a milder course.
Mutation of a Cuticular Protein,BmorCPR2, Alters Larval Body Shape and Adaptability in Silkworm,Bombyx mori
Authors: Qiao Liang , Xiong Gao , Wang Ri-xin , He Song-zhen , Chen Jie , Tong Xiao-ling , Hu Hai , Li Chun-lin , Gai Ting-ting , Xin Ya-qun , Liu Xiao-fan , Chen Bin , Xiang Zhong-huai , Lu Cheng , Dai Fang-yin 
Published: February 2014

AbstractCuticular proteins (CPs) are crucial components of the insect cuticle. Although numerous genes encoding cuticular proteins have been identified in known insect genomes to date, their functions in maintaining insect body shape and adaptability remain largely unknown. In the current study, positional cloning led to the identification of a gene encoding an RR1-type cuticular protein, BmorCPR2, highly expressed in larval chitin-rich tissues and at the mulberry leaf-eating stages, which is responsible for the silkworm stony mutant. In the Dazao-stony strain, the BmorCPR2 allele is a deletion mutation with significantly lower expression, compared to the wild-type Dazao strain. Dysfunctional BmorCPR2 in the stony mutant lost chitin binding ability, leading to reduced chitin content in larval cuticle, limitation of cuticle extension, abatement of cuticle tensile properties, and aberrant ratio between internodes and intersegmental folds. These variations induce a significant decrease in cuticle capacity to hold the growing internal organs in the larval development process, resulting in whole-body stiffness, tightness, and hardness, bulging intersegmental folds, and serious defects in larval adaptability. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the corresponding phenotype of stony in insects caused by mutation of RR1-type cuticular protein. Our findings collectively shed light on the specific role of cuticular proteins in maintaining normal larval body shape and will aid in the development of pest control strategies for the management of Lepidoptera.
The Genetic Architecture Of Maize Height
Authors: Peiffer Jason A , Romay Maria C , Gore Michael A , Flint-Garcia Sherry A , Zhang Zhiwu , Millard Mark J , Gardner Candice A C , McMullen Michael D , Holland James B , Bradbury Peter J , Buckler Edward S 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHeight is one of the most heritable and easily measured traits in maize (Zea mays L.). Given a pedigree or estimates of the genomic identity-by-state among related plants, height is also accurately predictable. But, mapping alleles explaining natural variation in maize height remains a formidable challenge. To address this challenge, we measured the plant height, ear height, flowering time, and node counts of plants grown in &gt;64,500 plots across 13 environments. These plots contained &gt;7300 inbreds representing most publically available maize inbreds in the United States and families of the maize Nested Association Mapping (NAM) panel. Joint-linkage mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL), fine mapping in near isogenic lines (NILs), genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) were performed. The heritability of maize height was estimated to be &gt;90%. Mapping NAM family-nested QTL revealed the largest explained 2.1 ± 0.9% of height variation. The effects of two tropical alleles at this QTL were independently validated by fine mapping in NIL families. Several significant associations found by GWAS colocalized with established height loci, including brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf1, dwarf plant1, and semi-dwarf2. GBLUP explained &gt;80% of height variation in the panels and outperformed bootstrap aggregation of family-nested QTL models in evaluations of prediction accuracy. These results revealed maize height was under strong genetic control and had a highly polygenic genetic architecture. They also showed that multiple models of genetic architecture differing in polygenicity and effect sizes can plausibly explain a population’s variation in maize height, but they may vary in predictive efficacy.
Degradation of Centromeric Histone H3 Variant Cse4 Requires the Fpr3 Peptidyl-prolyl Cis–Trans Isomerase
Authors: Ohkuni Kentaro , Abdulle Rashid , Kitagawa Katsumi 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The centromeric histone H3 variant Cse4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is polyubiquitylated and degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner. We report here that the proline isomerase Fpr3 regulates Cse4 proteolysis. Structural change in Cse4 by Fpr3 might be important for the interaction between Cse4 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Psh1.
Adult Talk in the NICU With Preterm Infants and Developmental Outcomes
Authors: Caskey Melinda , Stephens Bonnie , Tucker Richard , Vohr Betty 
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVE:
The goal of this study was to test the association of mean adult word counts at 32 and 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age in the NICU with Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd Edition (Bayley-III), cognitive and language scores. It was hypothesized that preterm infants exposed to higher word counts would have higher cognitive and language scores at 7 and 18 months’ corrected age.

METHODS:
This prospective cohort study included 36 preterm infants with a birth weight ≤1250 g. Sixteen-hour recordings were made in the NICU by using a digital language processor at 32 and 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Regression analyses were performed on adult word count per hour, with Bayley-III measures correcting for birth weight.

RESULTS:
Adult word counts in the NICU were positively correlated with 7- and 18-month Bayley-III scores. For the 32-week recording, in regression analyses adjusting for birth weight, adult word count per hour independently accounted for 12% of the variance in language composite scores (P = .04) and 20% of the variance in expressive communication scores at 18 months (P = .008). For the 36-week recording, adult word count per hour independently accounted for 26% of the variance in cognitive composite scores at 7 months (P = .0049).

CONCLUSIONS:
Increased amount of parent talk with preterm infants in the NICU was associated with higher 7- and 18-month corrected age Bayley-III language and cognitive scores. These findings offer an opportunity for language intervention starting in the NICU.
Income Inequality and Child Maltreatment in the United States
Authors: Eckenrode John , Smith Elliott G. , McCarthy Margaret E. , Dineen Michael 
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the relation between county-level income inequality and rates of child maltreatment.

METHODS:
Data on substantiated reports of child abuse and neglect from 2005 to 2009 were obtained from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System. County-level data on income inequality and children in poverty were obtained from the American Community Survey. Data for additional control variables were obtained from the American Community Survey and the Health Resources and Services Administration Area Resource File. The Gini coefficient was used as the measure of income inequality. Generalized additive models were estimated to explore linear and nonlinear relations among income inequality, poverty, and child maltreatment. In all models, state was included as a fixed effect to control for state-level differences in victim rates.

RESULTS:
Considerable variation in income inequality and child maltreatment rates was found across the 3142 US counties. Income inequality, as well as child poverty rate, was positively and significantly correlated with child maltreatment rates at the county level. Controlling for child poverty, demographic and economic control variables, and state-level variation in maltreatment rates, there was a significant linear effect of inequality on child maltreatment rates (P &lt; .0001). This effect was stronger for counties with moderate to high levels of child poverty.

CONCLUSIONS:
Higher income inequality across US counties was significantly associated with higher county-level rates of child maltreatment. The findings contribute to the growing literature linking greater income inequality to a range of poor health and well-being outcomes in infants and children.
Fertility Rate Trends Among Adolescent Girls With Major Mental Illness: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Vigod Simone N. , Dennis Cindy Lee , Kurdyak Paul A. , Cairney John , Guttmann Astrid , Taylor Valerie H. 
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVE:
Fertility rates among adolescents have decreased substantially in recent years, yet fertility rates among adolescent girls with mental illness have not been studied. We examined temporal trends in fertility rates among adolescent girls with major mental illness.

METHODS:
We conducted a repeated annual cross-sectional study of fertility rates among girls aged 15 to 19 years in Ontario, Canada (1999–2009). Girls with major mental illness were identified through administrative health data indicating the presence of a psychotic, bipolar, or major depressive disorder within 5 years preceding pregnancy (60 228 person-years). The remaining girls were classified into the comparison group (4 496 317 person-years). The age-specific fertility rate (number of live births per 1000 girls) was calculated annually and by using 3-year moving averages for both groups.

RESULTS:
The incidence of births to girls with major mental illness was 1 in 25. The age-specific fertility rate for girls with major mental illness was 44.9 per 1000 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.3–46.7) compared with 15.2 per 1000 (95% CI: 15.1–15.3) in unaffected girls (rate ratio: 2.95; 95% CI: 2.84–3.07). Over time, girls with major mental illness had a smaller reduction in fertility rate (relative rate: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.78–0.96) than did unaffected girls (relative rate: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.76–0.79).

CONCLUSIONS:
These results have key clinical and public policy implications. Our findings highlight the importance of considering major mental illness in the design and implementation of pregnancy prevention programs as well as in targeted antenatal and postnatal programs to ensure maternal and child well-being.