bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of PARP Inhibitor Maintenance Therapy in Ovarian Cancer by BRCA1/2 and a Scar-Based HRD Signature in Real-World Practice
Authors: Richardson Debra L. , Quintanilha Julia C. F. , Danziger Natalie , Li Gerald , Sokol Ethan , Schrock Alexa B. , Ebot Ericka , Bhardwaj Neeru , Norris Tanesha , Afghahi Anosheh , Frachioni Anthony , Washington Christina , Dockery Lauren , Elvin Julia , Graf Ryon P. , Moore Kathleen N. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of PARP inhibitor maintenance therapy (mPARPi) in real-world practice by biomarker status [BRCA1/2 alterations (BRCAalt) and a homologous recombination deficiency signature (HRDsig)] in advanced ovarian cancer.

Experimental Design:
Patients with ovarian cancer receiving first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and either mPARPi or no maintenance were included. Patient data were obtained by a US-based de-identified ovarian cancer Clinico-Genomic Database, from ∼280 US cancer clinics (01/2015–03/2023). Real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival (rwOS) were compared by biomarker status using Cox models, weighted by propensity scores.

Results:
Of 673 patients, 160 received mPARPi [31.2% BRCAalt and 51.9% HRDsig(+)] and 513 no maintenance [15.6% BRCAalt and 34.1% HRDsig(+)]. BRCAalt patients receiving mPARPi versus no maintenance had favorable rwPFS [HR, 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.26–0.87; P = 0.0154], as did BRCA wild-type (WT; HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.57–1.01; P = 0.0595). Favorable rwOS was not observed with mPARPi for BRCAalt or BRCA-WT. HRDsig(+) patients receiving mPARPi versus no maintenance had favorable rwPFS (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.24–0.55; P &lt; 0.001) and numerically favorable rwOS (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.21–1.02; P = 0.0561). No differences were observed for HRDsig(−). mPARPi treatment interaction was observed for HRDsig(+) versus HRDsig(−) (rwPFS P &lt; 0.001/rwOS P = 0.016) but not for BRCAalt versus BRCA-WT. Patients with BRCA-WT/HRDsig(+) receiving mPARPi had favorable rwPFS (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22–0.72; P = 0.003), whereas no difference was observed for BRCA-WT/HRDsig(−).

Conclusions:
HRDsig predicted benefit of mPARPi better than BRCAalt. Patients with HRDsig(+) status experienced favorable outcomes, even if they had BRCA-WT status. In contrast, patients with HRDsig(−) status did not show significant benefit from mPARPi treatment. HRDsig might predict benefit from mPARPi regardless of BRCAalt status.
UMOD
Genotype-Blinded Trial of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Response to Torasemide
Authors: McCallum Linsay , Lip Stefanie , McConnachie Alex , Brooksbank Katriona , MacIntyre Iain M. , Doney Alexander , Llano Andrea , Aman Alisha , Caparrotta Thomas M. , Ingram Gareth , Mackenzie Isla S. , Dominiczak Anna F. , MacDonald Thomas M. , Webb David J. , Padmanabhan Sandosh 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

UMOD (uromodulin) has been linked to hypertension through potential activation of Na
+
-K
+
-2Cl
−
cotransporter (NKCC2), a target of loop diuretics. We posited that hypertensive patients carrying the rs13333226-AA
UMOD
genotype would demonstrate greater blood pressure responses to loop diuretics, potentially mediated by this UMOD/NKCC2 interaction.

METHODS:

This prospective, multicenter, genotype-blinded trial evaluated torasemide (torsemide) efficacy on systolic blood pressure (SBP) reduction over 16 weeks in nondiabetic, hypertensive participants uncontrolled on ≥1 nondiuretic antihypertensive for >3 months. The primary end point was the change in 24-hour ambulatory SBP (ABPM SBP) and SBP response trajectories between baseline and 16 weeks by genotype (AA versus AG/GG) due to nonrandomized groups at baseline (
ClinicalTrials.gov
: NCT03354897).

RESULTS:

Of 251 enrolled participants, 222 received torasemide and 174 demonstrated satisfactory treatment adherence and had genotype data. The study participants were middle-aged (59±11 years), predominantly male (62%), obese (body mass index, 32±7 kg/m
2
), with normal eGFR (92±17 mL/min/1.73 m²) and an average baseline ABPM of 138/81 mm Hg. Significant reductions in mean ABPM SBP were observed in both groups after 16 weeks (AA, −6.57 mm Hg [95% CI, −8.44 to −4.69];
P
<0.0001; AG/GG, −3.22 [95% CI, −5.93 to −0.51];
P
=0.021). The change in mean ABPM SBP (baseline to 16 weeks) showed a difference of −3.35 mm Hg ([95% CI, −6.64 to −0.05];
P
=0.048) AA versus AG/GG genotypes. The AG/GG group displayed a rebound in SBP from 8 weeks, differing from the consistent decrease in the AA group (
P
=0.004 for difference in trajectories).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results confirm a plausible interaction between UMOD and NKCC2 and suggest a potential role for genotype-guided use of loop diuretics in hypertension management.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03354897.
Impact of peer review type and editor gender on women authorships in mathematics
Authors: Lozano Guadalupe I. , MacArthur Kelly , Barr Ben 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aiming to explain and help reduce measured gender gaps in mathematics publications—a discipline where single anonymized peer review practices and men editors are still the norm—we study changes in authorships straddling a 2015 switch in peer review type and editor gender in the American Mathematical Monthly, one of the oldest mathematics journals in the United States. Our results show a significant increase in women authorships after the journal’s switch to a woman editor and double anonymized reviews, an increase deemed exceptional relative to growth trends in comparable journals operating under field standards (men editors along with single anonymized reviews). We leverage literature, data-based observations and our own findings to argue for the likely effects of editor gender and peer review type separately and together as it concerns both women and newcomer authorships. Our study, the first to our knowledge on editorial and peer review changes in mathematics, contributes to a small body of literature on the impact of equity practices in peer review in science and mathematics. It also serves to introduce work, methods, and open problems on measuring and reducing the global gender gap in science and mathematics.
Researcher profile system adoption and use across discipline and rank: A case study at the University of Manitoba
Authors: Fuhr Justin , Monnin Caroline 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study analyzes the adoption and use of researcher profile systems (ORCID, Scopus Author Profiles, Web of Science Researcher Profiles (formerly Publons), Google Scholar Profiles, and ResearchGate) across discipline and rank at the University of Manitoba (Winnipeg, Canada). The purpose of the study is to assess how many faculty members have registered for and use researcher profiles and whether there are any differences in use along discipline or academic rank. The adoption rate in the current study is compared with other international studies. At the University of Manitoba, there is variance in adoption between disciplines and ranks. When comparing profile systems by discipline, Google Scholar is the primary profile system for sciences and ORCID, Publons, and ResearchGate the primary profile systems for health sciences. There is variance of publication count between disciplines. Unsurprisingly, the number of publications increases as faculty are promoted. Among the studied profile systems, ORCID is not working as efficiently as it could be. Several recommendations to increase ORCID adoption are made, including mandatory public fields and suggestions for third-party integration. As part of increasing usage of profile systems, we see academic librarians as a key component of instruction and advocacy for graduate students and faculty.
Quantifying the Role of Ocean Dynamics in SST Variability across GCMs and Observations
Authors: Siqueira L. , Kirtman B. P. , Laurindo L. C. , Fasullo J. T. , Hu A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Midlatitude SSTs forced by mesoscale oceanic processes can affect the large-scale atmosphere, pointing to the ocean’s crucial role outside the tropics. Previous studies have shown oceanic mesoscale processes’ effect on global and regional climate variability. This study quantifies the local contribution of ocean dynamics to mixed-layer temperature across the globe by directly estimating the ocean heat flux divergence resolved by state-of-the-art ocean reanalysis, eddy-resolving, and eddy-parameterized versions of two U.S. national climate models and indirectly from air–sea flux satellite-based estimates. Our results show that the eddy-resolving climate simulations resolve mixed-layer temperature variances that are larger and closer to those inferred from observations than both their eddy-parameterized counterparts and ECCO over much of the extratropics. The observations and the eddy-resolving models indicate a more significant role of ocean dynamics in the mixed-layer temperature variability than the surface fluxes over most extratropics compared to their eddy-parameterized versions. A frequency domain analysis shows that the better-resolved ocean mesoscale and thermal gradients enhance the variance over a time scale from 2 months to 30 years. Results show agreement in the ocean’s contribution among satellite-based estimates, ocean reanalysis products, and ocean eddy-resolving simulations. At the same time, differences emerge for ECCO and the eddy-parameterized models, suggesting that surface fluxes account for a larger fraction of the mixed-layer temperature variability in most of the extratropics.
Monitoring Outcomes of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules and Predictive Capabilities of Molecular Testing
Authors: Garrett Samuel , Millay David , Pierre James , Pluta Natalia , Russo Christopher , Neelon Daniel , Bauer Elizabeth , Hoang Thanh , Orestes Michael 
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of reflex molecular testing at identifying thyroid malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) since its implementation at our institution. Method: Identified all ITNs at our institution from January 2010 to October 2020. Calculated the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) of ThyroSeq since the initiation of universal reflex testing of all first-time ITNs beginning in March 2016. Analyze effect on frequency of diagnostic surgeries. Results: Study group: March 2016 to October 2020, 378 ITNs underwent ThyroSeq (318 Bethesda III and 60 Bethesda IV). Mean age 52 years, 35.9% male, 61.1% female. 145 surgically excised with overall resection rate of 38.4% (III: 32.7%; IV 68%). Final histology: 49 malignant with overall rate of malignancy (ROM) of ITNs at 33.8% (III: 31.7%; IV: 39%). ThyroSeq sensitivity for ITNs at 84% (III 78.8%, IV 93.8%). ThyroSeq NPV for ITNs at 86% (III 84%, IV 93.3%). ThyroSeq specificity for ITNs at 52% (III 50.7%, IV 56%). ThyroSeq PPV for ITNs at 47% (III 42.6%, IV 57.7%). Control group: From January 2010 to February 2016 there were 242 ITNs (152 Bethesda III, 90 Bethesda IV). Mean age 52.6 years, 25.8% male, 74.2% female. 157 cases were surgically excised, with an overall resection rate of 64.9% (III: 57.2%; IV: 77.8%). Final histology: 32 malignant, with overall ROM of ITNs at 20.4% (III: 27.6%; IV: 11.4%). Conclusion: The initiation of universal Thyroseq (sensitivity 84% and NPV 86%) of ITNs at our institution has significantly decreased our percentage of diagnostic lobectomies, with a decreased resection rate of 26.5%.
The impact of suicide registers and other monitoring systems on suicide prevention: A scoping review
Authors: Nevarez Flores Adriana G , Martin Angela , Bartkowiak-Theron Isabelle , Makin Jennifer , Norris Kimberley , Castle David , Neil Amanda L 
Published: July 2024

Background: Decreasing suicide mortality has become an overarching goal for societies worldwide. Suicide registers and other monitoring systems are a valuable source of information that can be used for addressing the suicide phenomenon and evaluating preventative interventions. Aims: This scoping review provides an overview of literature published in the last decade that has focussed on the operations (functioning) and characteristics of suicide registers and other suicide monitoring systems. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched in 2020 for identifying published material from January 2010 to October 2020. The searches were updated in October 2023 to include material from 2020 to date. Grey literature through Google searches and mental health commissions websites and the reference lists of selected documents were also searched. Results: Twenty-five articles were included in this review. Nearly half the articles were from the United States, followed by Australia. Nine countries were identified as having used suicide registers or suicide-specific monitoring systems to inform suicide prevention. Monitoring mechanisms varied across the countries examined. No article provided evidence that definitively linked suicide registers or other monitoring systems for suicide with the prevention of suicide or reduction in suicide rates. However, a variety of benefits of suicide monitoring for preventative and public health interventions were identified. Conclusions: The number of nations with surveillance systems for suicide prevention is low. Further, there is a lack of consistency in the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of suicide-related information across the countries examined. Efforts to establish high-quality suicide surveillance systems that can be accessed in a timely and easy manner are needed to inform tailored strategies for suicide prevention.
Dual influence of graphene oxide/clay and electron beam radiation on the structure, mechanical, thermal, and antimicrobial properties of nitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposite
Authors: El Mogy Soma A. , Eyssa Hanan Mohamed , Fathy Rasha Mohammad , Sanad Mahmoud Hamdi 
Published: July 2024

Infective diseases are becoming more popular, and managing them has become a great worry for humanity. A rubber nanocomposite based on nitrile butadiene rubber with graphene oxide (NBR/GO) and GO/nanoclay (montmorillonite, MMT) (NBR/GO/MMT) was fabricated by a simple technique, roll milling. The synergistic influence of the existence of GO, clay, and electron beam (EB)-radiation on the NBR nanocomposites was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT–IR) techniques to study the mechanical, thermal, and antibacterial properties. The antibacterial activity of the prepared rubber nanocomposites was estimated via the disk diffusion process against Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus lentus, and Gram-negative bacteria ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. The results demonstrated that the physico-mechanical performance was significantly reinforced by incorporating nano GO (6 phr) and clay with GO (3 phr/6 phr. NBR films have no antibacterial potential. GO increases the antibacterial efficiency of the NBR films. NBR/3% GO/3% clay film is the most effective in reducing bacterial growth and B. subtilis was the most sensitive bacteria for rubber treatments. The inhibition zone diameters of the un-irradiated and irradiated NBR/3% GO/3% clay films for B. subtilis were 18.03 ± 0.59 and 25.63 ± 0.98 mm, respectively. It could be concluded that because of its outstanding flexibility and human-body compatibility penetration, rubber in corporation with antimicrobial agents can be utilized for manufacturing medical and environmental products.
Methodologic and Data-Analysis Triangulation in Case Studies: A Scoping Review
Authors: Schlunegger Margarithe Charlotte , Zumstein-Shaha Maya , Palm Rebecca 
Published: July 2024

Aim: We sought to explore the processes of methodologic and data-analysis triangulation in case studies using the example of research on nurse practitioners in primary health care. Design and methods: We conducted a scoping review within Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework, considering studies that defined a case study design and used 2 or more data sources, published in English or German before August 2023. Data sources: The databases searched were MEDLINE and CINAHL, supplemented with hand searching of relevant nursing journals. We also examined the reference list of all the included studies. Results: In total, 63 reports were assessed for eligibility. Ultimately, we included 8 articles. Five studies described within-method triangulation, whereas 3 provided information on between/across-method triangulation. No study reported within-method triangulation of 2 or more quantitative data-collection procedures. The data-collection procedures were interviews, observation, documentation/documents, service records, and questionnaires/assessments. The data-analysis triangulation involved various qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis. Details about comparing or contrasting results from different qualitative and mixed-methods data were lacking. Conclusions: Various processes for methodologic and data-analysis triangulation are described in this scoping review but lack detail, thus hampering standardization in case study research, potentially affecting research traceability. Triangulation is complicated by terminological confusion. To advance case study research in nursing, authors should reflect critically on the processes of triangulation and employ existing tools, like a protocol or mixed-methods matrix, for transparent reporting. The only existing reporting guideline should be complemented with directions on methodologic and data-analysis triangulation.
Different modes of ankle pump exercise to prevent PICC-related thrombosis through femoral vein
Authors: Liao Jianyu , Wu Zhoupeng 
Published: July 2024

Objective To explore the preventive effect of different modes of ankle pump exercise on femoral vein PICC catheter-related thrombosis. Method Convenient sampling method was used to select 172 patients with lung cancer with PICC catheterization through femoral vein admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University as the observation group and control group. Comfort angle ankle pump exercise mode and maximum angle ankle pump exercise mode were adopted. We have compared the differences in the incidence of catheter-related thrombosis, unplanned catheter removal, fatigue score, and catheter retention time between two groups of patients. Results The incidence of catheter-related thrombosis, unplanned catheter removal, fatigue score, and catheter retention time were statistically significant ( p < .05) in both groups of patients. Conclusion The maximum angle ankle pump exercise mode can reduce the incidence of catheter-related thrombosis and unplanned catheter removal in patients with lung cancer with PICC catheterization through femoral vein, increase catheter retention time, but it can easily cause patient fatigue. In clinical practice, patient tolerance should be considered.
The therapeutic effect of levosimendan in patients with prolonged ventilator weaning and cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Xiong Fang , Hu Zongjun , Liu Chao , Zhang Kexiang , Zhou Qilong , Chen Jianguo , Lu Hua , Yue Xi , Zhao Jianxin , Pan Pengfei 
Published: July 2024

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of levosimendan in patients with prolonged ventilator weaning and cardiac dysfunction. Method Patients with prolonged ventilator weaning and cardiac dysfunction were randomly allocated to receive conventional treatment (control group) or intravenous infusion of levosimendan for 24 h based on conventional treatment (levosimendan group). Weaning success rates were then compared between the two groups. The study was retrospectively registered with Research Registry (ID No. researchregistry10304). Results A total of 40 patients were included (20 per group). Within 3 days after initiation of treatment, significantly more cases were successfully weaned in the levosimendan group versus control group (eight versus four cases, respectively). Among the eight patients who underwent pulse indicator continuous cardiac output monitoring in the levosimendan group, the global ejection fraction increased 24 h after treatment, and the cardiac function index and cardiac index increased 72 h after treatment. Conclusion For patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation who have concomitant cardiac dysfunction, levosimendan may be considered to increase the probability of weaning success.
Suicide risks among caregivers of patients with depressive disorders
Authors: Lin Chia-Chi , Huang Yu-Chi , Lee Yu , Lin Pao-Yen , Chiu Nien-Mu , Hung Chi-Fa , Wang Liang-Jen 
Published: July 2024

Objective To investigate the suicide risk factors among caregivers of individuals with depression who may develop suicidal ideation due to the ongoing challenges of managing the patient's mood fluctuations. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled dyads of patients with depression and their caregivers from a medical centre. The assessment included a psychiatric diagnostic interview, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the List of Threatening Experiences, Benefit Finding Scale, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Stigma Subscale of the Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue, Big Five Inventory-10, the Family APGAR Index and the Suicide Assessment Scale. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to explore the interrelationship between the mental health of patients and caregivers. Results Among the 125 caregivers, 60.0% ( n = 75) were females. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were depressive disorders (33 of 125; 26.4%), followed by anxiety disorders (21 of 125; 16.8%) and insomnia disorder (19 of 125; 15.2%). There was a significant association between the stressful life events of depressive patients and the suicide risk of their caregivers. The severity of anxiety and depression in caregivers was significantly associated with the suicide risk among the caregivers. Conclusion A relationship may exist between the psychological well-being of patients with depression and their caregivers.
Italian translation, cultural adaptation and pilot testing of Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT 3.1) in pediatric cancer
Authors: Battaglini Chiara , Giordano Mario , Quarello Paola , Bertorello Nicoletta , Zucchetti Giulia , Fagioli Franca 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Experiences related to pediatric oncology diagnosis cause great imbalances within the family structure. Assessing the frailties and needs of families and children with cancer from a psychosocial perspective is an important step in providing appropriate pediatric psychology care. Methods: The aim of this study was to develop an Italian translation of the last version of the Psychosocial Assessment Tool questionnaire (PAT 3.1) and to pilot-test it among pediatric oncological families. The guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures were followed. Specifically, two independent forward translations were produced, followed by a reconciliation step by a multidisciplinary expert committee and back-translation. Revision of the original text and all translations were performed by the expert committee leading to a final version, which was pilot-tested by cognitive debriefing on five families. Subsequently, the final Italian PAT 3.1 version was approved. Results: The Italian version of the PAT 3.1 generated in the present study is a useful instrument to examine the psychosocial risk of the families with a child with cancer. Conclusions: This instrument will be a valuable tool for future clinical trials and it will help clinicians to target specific pediatric psychology support intervention. The questionnaire will be further validated through a multicenter Italian study on psychosocial screening of pediatric oncology and pediatric general diseases.