bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of contrast enhancement in MR imaging and power Doppler ultrasonography of solid breast lesions
Authors: Reinikainen H. , Pääkkö E. , Suramo I. , Päivänsalo M. , Jauhiainen J. , Rissanen T. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose: To evaluate the dynamics of contrast enhancement in solid breast lesions at contrast-enhanced MR imaging and power Doppler ultrasonography (US) and to compare the methods to histology and to each other. Material and Methods: Forty breast lesions were prospectively examined with dynamic MR and power Doppler US. Time-signal intensity curves of enhancement were obtained for both methods. The shape of the curve was analyzed to be benign, indeterminate or malignant. The curves were also analyzed quantitatively by calculating the slope of the curve and the area under the curve (both methods), relative enhancement (MR), and time to peak (US). The lesions were divided into malignant lesions, fibroadenomas, and other benign lesions. The results were compared to histology. Results: In the subjective analysis of the MR curve in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions the accuracy was 90%. The MR curve also enabled differentiation between fibroadenomas and malignancies. The accuracy of the US curve was 38%. Quantitatively, statistically significant differences were found using all the MR variables, except between malignancies and fibroadenomas. Using the US variables, no significant difference was found between the groups. Conclusion: The dynamics of contrast-enhanced MR were reliable in the differential diagnosis of solid breast lesions, but contrast-enhanced power Doppler US was of limited value.
Perforations and fistulae in gastrointestinal tuberculosis
Authors: Nagi B. , Lal A. , Kochhar R. , Bhasin D. K. , Thapa B. R. , Singh K. 
Published: September 2013

Background: Perforation and fistulae, though uncommon, are serious complications of gastrointestinal tuberculosis. Patients with acute tuberculous perforation are subjected to surgery, whereas localized perforation and fistulae with subtle clinical signs are detected by barium contrast examination. There has been no report on radiological series regarding the incidence of perforation and fistulae, detected by barium contrast studies. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of barium contrast studies of 684 proven cases of gastrointestinal tuberculosis seen over a period of 15 years was done to detect the incidence of perforation and fistulae. Results: Fifty-two patients (7.6%) with localized perforation and fistulae were seen. Twenty-eight patients had evidence of perforation, and 24 patients showed fistulae formation. The most common site of perforation and fistulae was the small bowel followed by the colon. Associated abnormalities noted were ulcerations, strictures, nodular filling defects and extrinsic compression. Conclusion: Perforation and fistulae along with other associated abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract are suggestive of tuberculosis, particularly in a population predisposed to tuberculous infection.
The use of video glasses at ultrasound-guided interventions
Authors: Pedersen J. F. , Vedsted-Jacobsen A. , Andresen N. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose: Video glasses form a virtual image in front of the user. We investigated the utility of video glasses at US-guided interventions. Material and Methods: The video glasses were tested at 75 consecutive US-guided interventions. The operator sees the US image in front of him, and below the glasses, simply by moving his eyes, he can see the patient and the field of intervention. Results: The video glasses could be used at all 75 US-guided interventions. The image quality was below that of the US monitor, but adequate. The working posture was improved, it was easy to get accustomed to using the system, there was no increased time consumption, and the patients felt comfortable with the set-up. Conclusion: Use of video glasses facilitates US-guided interventions.
MR imaging of subclinical cerebral decompression sickness: A case report
Authors: Gül Aksoy F. 
Published: September 2013

Diving accidents related to barotrauma constitute a unique subset of ischemic insults to the central nervous system. Victims may demonstrate components of arterial gas embolism, which has a propensity for cerebral involvement, and/or decompression sickness, with primarily spinal cord involvement. Decompression sickness-related radiology literature is very limited. We present our MR findings including FLAIR images in a decompression sickness patient with atypical presentation and review the related literature. We believe MR can be useful in follow-up studies and in early diagnosis of decompression sickness when symptoms do not fit the classic picture or loss of consciousness in surfacing.
Transcatheter embolization of biopsy-related vascular injuries in renal allografts: Long-term technical, clinical and biochemical results
Authors: Maleux G. , Messiaen T. , Stockx L. , Vanrenterghem Y. , Wilms G. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose: Biopsy-related vascular injuries in renal transplants are rare, but they can lead to dramatic clinical symptoms prompting immediate treatment. Transcatheter embolization is a known minimally invasive technique to treat some form of arterial bleeding. This study evaluated the efficacy of this technique in iatrogenic biopsy-related vascular lesions in renal allografts. Material and Methods: Between 1993 and 2001, 13 patients were treated by percutaneous transcatheter intervention. Indications for embolization were hypovolemic shock due to perinephric hematoma (n = 5), persistent macroscopic hematuria (n = 7) and an asymptomatic large intrarenal pseudoaneurysm in 1 patient. Selective angiography revealed an arteriovenous fistula (n = 7), a pseudoaneurysm (n = 6), and perinephric contrast extravasation (n = 4). Results: In all patients, successful embolization of the feeding artery could be performed; in 11 patients it was performed in one session, in 2 patients an additional session was needed. In 1 patient thrombosis of a segmental artery occurred immediately after embolization, but was successfully treated by short-term in situ thrombolysis. Clinical symptoms disappeared in all patients. Serum creatinine levels (determined 30 and 60 days after embolization, compared to the level before embolization) decreased significantly in 10 patients; a progressive deterioration of the renal function was observed in 3 patients. Conclusions: Transcatheter embolization is a safe and effective endovascular technique to treat biopsy-related vascular injuries in renal transplants. In the vast majority of cases an immediate clinical success and significant benefit in renal function can be obtained and the longevity of the allograft after successful embolization mainly depends on the natural (medical) outcome.
Testicular tumors manifested as inferior vena cava thromboses: Case reports
Authors: Manavis J. , Alexiadis G. , Deftereos S. , Lambropoulou M. , Rombis V. , Papadopoulos N. , Tamiolakis D. , Touloupidis S. 
Published: September 2013

Four cases of asymptomatic testicular tumors with inferior vena cava (IVC) involvement are reported. All patients were referred to our hospital with non-specific abdominal pain and abdominal US revealed an inferior vena cava thrombosis. CT showed an IVC thrombus extending from the first to second lumbar vertebrae and also retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy in 3 patients. Scrotal US demonstrated intratesticular tumors. IVC thrombosis may result from asymptomatic intratesticular tumors (single or multiple). Because of that, scrotal US is of paramount importance as a routine screening test in patients who radiographically demonstrate caval thrombosis.
Do radiologists want/need training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?: Results of an internet questionnaire
Authors: Schellhammer F. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose: Prompt and effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) decreases morbidity and mortality following cardiopulmonary arrest. Radiologists are frequently confronted with severely ill patients, who may deteriorate at any time. Furthermore, they have to be aware of life-threatening reactions towards contrast media. This study was designed to assess experience and self-estimation of German-speaking radiologists in CPR and cardiac defibrillation (CD). Material and Methods: 650 German-speaking radiologists were audited by a specially designed questionnaire, which was sent via e-mail. The answers were expected to be re-mailed within a 2-month period. Results: The response rate was 12.6%. 72.8% of the responders had performed at least 1 CPR (range 9.5±13.1) and 37% at least 1 CD. 67.9% had had opportunities to attend training courses, which had been utilized by 41.8% of them. The last training of the responders was more than 2 years ago in 69.2% and more than 5 years ago in 37%. Of all responders 75.6% expressed the need for further education. Conclusion: The small response rate indicates the small importance of CPR in the subpopulation surveyed. The vast majority of the responders, however, showed interest in basic and advanced life support and advocated regular updates. It seems reasonable that radiological departments themselves should organize courses in order to cope with their specific situations.
Osteochondritis dissecans of the hip
Authors: Lindén B. , Jonsson K. , Redlund-Johnell I. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose: To investigate the clinical and radiological characteristics of osteochondritis dissecans (OD) of the hip and the Outcome of this condition after treatment. Material and Methods: Twelve male and 3 female patients with OD were retrospectively studied. Six patients had a history of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) and among them 2 also had had a trauma to the hip. A further 5 had had trauma and 1 a developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH). The remaining 3 patients had no history of previous hip disease or trauma. All patients were examined with plain radiography, 7 with MR, 3 with CT and 2 with hip arthrography. Results: All OD lesions were detected at plain radiography, and most of them were located near the fovea. At MR the lesions had low signal intensity at T1-weighted sequences, and 6/7 had edema or fluid collection in or adjacent to the lesion on T2-weighted sequences. The early treatment in 7 patients was surgery, 2 had had conservative treatment and 6 no treatment. At follow-up 12 years after radiological diagnosis, 5 patients had hip arthrosis, 4 of whom were treated with arthroplasty. All but 3 had reduced hip rotation and all but 2 (with arthroplasty) had load pain. Three of the patients with earlier surgery had not developed arthrosis. Conclusions: OD lesions are usually well seen with plain radiography. There is a great risk of developing early arthrosis and it seems that early surgery is connected with arthrosis development. Thus only symptomatic treatment is recommended.
US assessment of hip joint synovitis in rheumatic diseases: A comparison with MR imaging
Authors: Soini I. , Kotaniemi A. , Kautiainen H. , Kauppi M. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose: To assess the significance of ultrasonography (US) in detecting hip joint synovitis in patients with rheumatic diseases. Material and Methods: Forty patients with rheumatic disease and suspected hip joint synovitis underwent MRI and US of the hip joint. In addition to the throughout MRI evaluation, the anterior collum-capsule distance (CCD) was determined by both MRI and US. Thirteen healthy volunteers were examined with MRI to establish the criteria for normal findings in MRI when classifying hip joints to those with synovitis and those without. MRI was used as a gold standard. Results: Synovitis was found using MRI in 31 hips of 22 patients (9 patients had bilateral synovitis). The intraclass correlation was 0.61 between MRI and US in measuring CCD. In classifying hip joint synovitis with US, the sensitivity of the method was 87% and specificity 42%, when the CCD criterion for synovitis was determined to be ≥7 mm. If the cut-off point was raised to 9 mm, the sensitivity decreased to 61% while specificity increased to 94%. A difference in CCD of ≥1 mm between the hips as an additional criterion for synovitis increased the number of false-positive findings. Conclusion: Measurement of CCD with US proved to be a rather inaccurate method to point out synovitis in rheumatic patients when using MRI as a reference. The main reason for this result was the thickened capsule, which US could not differentiate from a thickened synovium.
Grading scale of radiographic findings in the public bone and symphysis in athletes
Authors: Besjakov J. , von Scheele C. , Ekberg O. , Gentz C. F. , Westlin N. E. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose: Radiographic abnormalities in the pubic bone and symphysis are often seen in athletes with groin pain. The aim was to create a grading scale of such radiologic changes. Material and Methods: Plain radiography of the pelvic ring including the pubic bone and the symphysis was performed in 20 male athletes, age 19–35, with long-standing uni- or bilateral groin pain. We used two control groups: Control group 1: 20 healthy age-matched men who had undergone radiologic examination of the pelvis due to trauma. Control group 2: 120 adults (66 men and 54 women) in 9 age groups between 15 and 90 years of age. These examinations were also evaluated for interobserver variance. Results and Conclusion: The grading scale was based on the type and the amount of the different changes, which were classified as follows: No bone changes (grade 0), slight bone changes (grade 1), intermediate changes (grade 2), and advanced changes (grade 3). The grading scale is easy to interpret and an otherwise troublesome communication between the radiologist and the physician was avoided. There was a high interobserver agreement with a high kappa value (0.8707). Male athletes with long-standing groin pain had abnormal bone changes in the symphysis significantly more frequently and more severely ( p>0.001) than their age-matched references. In asymptomatic individuals such abnormalities increased in frequency with age both in men and women.
First Principle Modeling and Neural Network–Based Empirical Modeling with Experimental Validation of Binary Distillation Column
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar , Tyagi Barjeev , Kumar Vishal 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
To get the better product quality and to decrease the energy consumption of the distillation column, an accurate and suitable nonlinear model is crucial important. In this work, two types of model have been developed for an existing experimental setup of continuous binary distillation column (BDC). First model is a theoretical tray-to-tray binary distillation model for describing the steady-state behavior of composition in response to changes in reflux flows and in reboiler duty. Another model is an artificial neural network (ANN)–based input/output data relationship model. In ANN-based model, temperature of first tray, feed flow rate, and column pressures have been taken in addition to reflux flow rate and reboiler heat duty as inputs to give the more accurate I/O relationship. The comparison of output of ANN model and the equation-based model with the real-time output of the experimental setup of BDC has been given for the validation of developed models.
Flows of constant mean curvature tori in the 3-sphere: The
equivariant case
Authors: Kilian Martin , Schmidt Martin U. , Schmitt Nicholas 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

We present a deformation for constant mean curvature tori
in the 3-sphere. We show that the moduli space of equivariant constant mean curvature tori in the 3-sphere is connected, and we classify the minimal, the embedded, and the Alexandrov embedded tori therein.
Diverse Osteoclastogenesis of Bone Marrow From Mandible Versus Long Bone
Authors: Chaichanasakul Thawinee , Kang Benjamin , Bezouglaia Olga , Aghaloo Tara L. , Tetradis Sotirios 
Published: September 2013

Background: Mandibles (MB) and maxillae possess unique metabolic and functional properties and demonstrate discrete responses to homeostatic, mechanical, hormonal, and developmental stimuli. Osteogenic potential of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) differs between MB versus long bones (LB). Furthermore, MB‐ versus LB‐derived osteoclasts (OCs) have disparate functional properties. This study explores the osteoclastogenic potential of rat MB versus LB marrow in vitro and in vivo under basal and stimulated conditions.Methods: Bone marrow from rat MB and LB was cultured in osteoblastic or osteoclastic differentiation media. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, resorption pit assays, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction were performed. Additionally, osmotic mini‐pumps were implanted in animals, mandibles and tibiae were isolated, and multinucleated cells (MNCs) were measured.Results: MB versus LB marrow cultures that were differentiated with receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor produced more TRAP+ MNCs and greater resorptive area. To explore MB versus LB BMSC‐supported osteoclastogenesis, confluent BMSCs were cultured with parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), or PTH+1,25D3. 1,25D3‐ or PTH+1,25D3‐treated LB BMSCs expressed significantly higher RANKL and lower osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA and increased RANKL:OPG ratio. When whole marrow was cultured with PTH+1,25D3, more TRAP+ MNCs were seen in LB versus MB cultures. Ultimately, rats were infused with PTH+1,25D3, and MB versus tibia MNCs were measured. Hormonal stimulation increased osteoclastogenesis in both MB and tibiae. However, higher TRAP+ MNC numbers were observed in tibiae versus MB under basal and hormonal stimulation.Conclusion: Collectively, these data illustrate differences of both osteoclastogenic potential and OC numbers of MB versus LB marrow.
Preparers' Perceptions of the Costs and Benefits of IFRS: Evidence from Australia's Implementation Experience
Authors: Morris Richard D. , Gray Sidney J. , Pickering Joanne , Aisbitt Sally 
Published: September 2013

SYNOPSIS
The costs and benefits of implementing International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in practice can now be examined as more countries adopt IFRS. Our survey-based study provides unique insights into the perceptions of the preparers of 305 Australian company financial reports, when companies were preparing Australian equivalents to IFRS financial statements for the first time. We analyze preparers' perceptions of the costs of the implementation process and the likely benefits arising for their companies. Our results reveal a very negative tone among respondents reflecting concerns about the problems of IFRS implementation and the low level of expected benefits. We show that the primary sources of these concerns about IFRS were the difficulties associated with specific accounting issues, the ongoing monetary costs involved, and the perceived limited capital market impact of the changes introduced.
Data Availability: Data used in the study are available from the authors upon request.
Particularities Of Sleep Habits In School Children From Tîrgu Mureș
Authors: Sólyom Réka , Maria Despina Baghiu Maria , Neagoș Adriana 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Introduction: The international literature gives us very variable data regarding sleep disorders and the complaints related to this pathology. However, interpreting these data is difficult because of the ethnical and cultural differences and the numerous possibilities of the assessments. In this paper the authors examined and evaluated the main parameters which characterize the sleep habits of a group of children in Romania, as well as the complaints related to it, which could influence the quality of sleeping.

Material and method: Distributing questionnaires amongst children in Tîrgu Mureș. We used different questionnaires, based on the Epworth and Conner’s scores, for children between 11-14 and 15-18 years and for their parents.

Results: The gender ratio was approximately equal, the height and weight of the children was within the framework of Romanian standards. The most frequent nocturnal complaints were: problems with falling asleep, agitation, awakenings during the night. The most frequent daytime complaints: fatigue when in school, difficulty waking up in the morning and mood swings. The results showed significant differences between weekday sleeping hours and weekend sleep time (p = 0.0022).

Conclusion: Sleep habits change with age, which is a physiological effect. Other factors that modify sleeping habits in a negative way and reduce the time spent sleeping, play a crucial role in the occurrence of persistent fatigue, reduced quality school performance and even of a depraved life quality.
Multiple Sclerosis Of The Spinal Cord: Is Gadolinium Irreplaceable In Assessing Lesion Activity?
Authors: Treabă Constantina Andrada , Buruian M , Bălașa Rodica , Podeanu Maria Daniela , Simu I P , Macavei I 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the T2 patterns of spinal cord multiple sclerosis lesions and their contrast uptake.

Material and method: We retrospectively reviewed the appearance of spinal cord lesions in 29 patients (with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) who had signs and symptoms of myelopathy on neurologic examination and at least one active lesion visualized on magnetic resonance examinations performed between 2004 and 2011. We correlated the T2 patterns of lesions with contrast enhancement and calculated sensitivity and specificity in predicting gadolinium enhancement.

Results: Only focal patterns consisting of a lesion’s center homogenously brighter than its periphery on T2-weighed images (type I) correlated significantly with the presence of contrast enhancement (p = 0.004). Sensitivity was 0.307 and specificity 0.929. In contrast, enhancement was not significantly related to uniformly hyperintense T2 focal lesions (type II) or diffuse (type III) pattern defined as poorly delineated areas of multiple small, confluent, subtle hyperintense T2 lesions (p > 0.5 for both).

Conclusions: We believe that information about the activity of multiple sclerosis spinal cord lesions in patients with myelopathy may be extracted not only from contrast enhanced, but also from non-enhanced magnetic resonance images.
The New Changes In The 7th Ajcc/Uicc Staging System Of Gastric Carcinomas
Authors: Hălmaciu Ioana , Gurzu Simona , Suciu B A , Comișel S I , Dénes L , Boc Lacrima , Brînzaniuc Klara 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze in parallel the 6th and the newest 7th AJJCC/UICC (American Joint Committee on Cancer/ International Union Against Cancer) staging system in order to highlight changes brought by the new staging system.

Methods: We analyzed data obtained retrospectively from 134 hospitalized patients diagnosed with gastric carcinomas, who underwent surgery at the Surgery Clinics of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Tîrgu Mureș, Romania between 2008-2010. The data have been obtained from histopathology reports, and the analyzed parameters were the following: age, gender and pTNM staging. For all cases included in the study restaging was performed according to the 7th AJJCC/UICC staging system.

Results: 71.66% of cases were adenocarcinomas, 7.46% mucinous adenocarcinoma, 14.17% signet ring cell carcinoma, and 6.71% undifferentiated carcinoma. The signet ring cell carcinomas predominated before 65 years of age (p = 0.003). Compared to the 6th staging system, in the new system pT2 percentages decreased significantly from 38.8% to 6.71%, and pT4 increases from 11.19% to 55.97% (p <0.0001). The pN3 cases increased from 20.9% to 45.52%, because all cases classified as pN2 in the old staging system, became pN3 in the new system. Some of the pN1 cases turned into pN2 in the new system (p = 0.004). Stage IV cases also decreased from 29.85% to 14.94%, due to regrouping of stage III.

Conclusions: There are significant changes between the two staging systems. The new staging system aims to achieve a better postoperative follow-up.