bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The comparison and validation of photochemical models for atomic oxygen ion retrieval from ground-based observations of 630.0 nm airglow near Irkutsk
Authors: Duann Y. , Chang L.C. , Chiu Y.-C. , Salinas C.C.J.H. , Dmitriev A.V. , Ratovsky K.G. , Medvedeva I.V. , Vasilyev R. , Mikhalev A.V. , Liu J.Y. , Lin C.H. , Fang T.-W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

It is known that atomic oxygen ion (O+) is the dominant chemical constituent of the ionospheric F region, playing a crucial role in the longer lifetime of ionospheric plasma in this region. With the aim of developing a method to observe ionospheric variations using passive instrumentation, three photochemical inversion models were derived to retrieve the O+ density ([O+]) profile from the first excited state of oxygen (O(1D)) 630.0 nm airglow emission intensities. The models are intended to be used in conjunction with the ground-based photometer and spectrometer observations, to provide an additional option for ionospheric F-region observations using passive instrumentation. The performance of the photochemical inversion models was evaluated with a series of observing system simulation experiments and validations by using Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM) results, with the derived [O+] showing a high correlation for each with the TIE-GCM model truth. Furthermore, the uncertainty testing results reveal the significant influence of the charge exchange of \(\:{O}^{+}+{O}_{2}\to\:{O}_{2}^{+}+O\) in this photochemical process, while the transitions of the atomic nitrogen (N) excited states were considered in the processes responsible for the production of O(1D) as well (Bates, 1982) to establish a result closer to the real-world condition than the ones derived from general formulas by Link et al. (1981) and Sobral et al. (1993). Consequently, the photochemical inversion model derived from the unbalanced equation by Khomich et al. (2008) was modified according to the photochemical theory for the first time in this study. The results indicate that the modified model is capable of revealing an estimation of the retrieved [O+] similar to both FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC and the digisonde DPS-4 observations at Irkutsk station IR352 by using empirical models and 630.0 nm visible airglow observations from Irkutsk, Russia, manifesting promise for further usage to monitor mid-latitude ionospheric F region variability using passive photometric observations.
Measuring Intergenerational Mobility Multidimensionally
Authors: Sun Kan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes a multidimensional approach to measuring intergenerational mobility. First, we briefly review the three primary approaches for measuring intergenerational mobility in the current literature, where mobility is measured in one dimension at a time. We then propose an oriented approach capable of separately measuring upward and downward mobility, considering multiple dimensions simultaneously, and addressing fully ordinal and cardinal data. For fully ordinal data, we advocate using the standard AF identification (Alkire and Foster, 2011a) process, tracking changes in the number of deprivations across generations. For fully cardinal data, we propose utilizing the modified AF identification (Sun, 2024) to construct a comprehensive individual-based index representing overall well-being tracked over generations. The proposed method adheres to critical properties, including decomposability, replication invariance, symmetry, and properties derived from the axiom of expansion. Application of our method to data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) reveals less upward mobility and overall mobility from 2011 to 2021 compared to 2001 to 2011, offering valuable insights for longitudinal comparisons.
Disease experience of patients with acute radiodermatitis: a qualitative study
Authors: Wang Qi , Shi Xiaoning , Guo Jinli , Bai Fan , Li Zheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To understand the true feelings and disease experience of radiodermatitis patients and to provide reference for formulating accurate intervention and support strategies for this group.
Methods
A semi-structured interview was conducted by using an objective sampling with patients who received radiotherapy in the tertiary hospital in Shanxi province from October 2023 to January 2024. With the help of Nvivo software, Colaizzi's seven-step analysis and triangulation were used to analyze the Interview data and extract themes.
Results
The disease experience of patients with acute radiation dermatitis can be summarized into 4 themes:(1) Decreased quality of daily life: sleep quality decreased, living habits forced to change;(2) Negative psychological experience: anxiety, decreased self-efficacy;(3) Disease coping style: active response, negative avoidance;(4) Resource requirements: desire for phased access to disease information, desire for more cost-effective preventive medicines.
Conclusions
The disease experience of patients with acute radiation dermatitis has specific and diverse attributes. Nurses should pay attention to the status of patients and self-perceived burden, guide patients to establish correct disease cognition and improve self-efficacy so as to promote positive coping. Strengthen the support of family, hospital and society to meet the needs of patients effectively. Through scientific and effective intervention to improve the quality of life and reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes of patients.
Simultaneous detection of CaMV35S and NOS using fluorescence sensors with dual emission silver nanoclusters and catalytic hairpin amplification strategy
Authors: Ye Yongkang , Zhai Yinghui , Zhang Chenlu , Li Xu , Wang Shaopeng , Lu Yuexi , Cao Xiaodong , He Shudong , Zheng Haisong , Li Yunfei , Tao Yunlai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Reliable, rapid and cost-efficient tools for the inspection and discrimination of genetically modified (GM) ingredients in food and food-related products are highly demanded to enforce relevant regulations in many countries. Herein, a dual-emission fluorescent biosensing method was developed for simultaneously quantitative analysis of CaMV35S and NOS in GM plants. Two designed hairpin DNA (H1, H2) sequences were used as templates to synthesize H1-AgNCs (λex = 570 nm, λem = 625 nm) and H2-AgNCs (λex = 470 nm, λem = 555 nm). By using H1-AgNCs and H2-AgNCs as dual-signal tags, combined with signal amplification strategy of magnetic separation to reduce background signal and an enzyme-free catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) signal amplification strategy, a novel multi-target fluorescent biosensor was fabricated to detect multiple targets based on FRET between signal tags (donors) and magnetic Fe3O4 modified graphene oxide (Fe3O4@GO, acceptors). In the presence of the target NOS and CaMV35S, the hairpin structures of H1 and H2 can be opened respectively, and the exposed sequences will hybridize with the G-rich hairpin sequences HP1 and HP2 respectively, displacing the target sequences to participate in the next round of CHA cycle. Meanwhile, H1-HP1, H2-HP2 double-stranded DNA sequences (dsDNA) were formed, resulting the desorption of dsDNA from the surface of Fe3O4@GO due to weak π-π interaction between dsDNA and Fe3O4@GO, and leading to the fluorescence recovery of AgNCs. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of this fluorescence sensor were 5 ~ 300 nmol L− 1 for NOS and 5 ~ 200 nmol L− 1CaMV35S, and the LODs were 0.14 nmol L− 1 and 0.18 nmol L− 1, respectively. In addition, the fluorescence sensor has good selectivity for the detection of NOS and CaMV35S in GM soybean samples, showing the potential applications in GM screening.
Quiescent adipose tissue-derived stromal cells in mechanically compliant hydrogel accelerate diabetic wound healing through enhanced functions and extended dwell time
Authors: Funaki Makoto , Hata Akiko , Yoshida Mitsuteru , Miyamoto Naoki , Ikuta Takahisa , Uemura Yuta , Akizuki Minato , Tangoku Akira , Ogawa Hirohisa , Oya Takeshi , Yumoto Hiromichi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Despite the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), there are few clinical applications. One of the reasons is that MSC administered by conventional methods quickly disappear from the recipient, which leads to insufficient efficacy. We previously reported that MSC become quiescent in hydrogel with stiffness mimicking that of bone marrow or adipose tissue. In this study, we investigated whether inducing quiescence in adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSC), one type of MSC, may overcome such a weakness. ADSC became quiescent in biocompatible gel whose stiffness matched that of adipose tissue, even in the presence of tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ to mimic an inflammatory environment in vitro. Quiescent ADSC exhibited enhanced anti-inflammatory functions and fibroblast migration in vitro, suggesting enhanced therapeutic functions of ADSC by quiescence. Subcutaneous transplantation of quiescent ADSC accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice, which can also be attributed to their extended dwell time at the transplanted site, without any pathological changes. Inducing quiescence in ADSC also led to elimination of accumulated reactive oxygen species. These results suggest that quiescent ADSC may enhance the efficacy of ADSC-based cell therapies to treat diabetic wound healing.
Clinician Attitudes Towards Adoption of Evidence-Based Practice: A Nationwide Multiprofessional Cross-Sectional Study of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in Sweden
Authors: Santesson Anna Helena Elisabeth , Holmberg Robert , Bäckström Martin , Gustafsson Peik , Jarbin Håkan , Perrin Sean 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) is a priority to improve service delivery and outcomes. Clinicians’ EBP attitudes are likely to play a crucial role in implementation but are poorly understood. This study aimed to assess variation in EBP attitudes in a large national sample of CAMHS clinicians in Sweden, and to compare these to findings from the United States of America (USA).
Methods: CAMHS clinicians (n = 799; 60% response rate) completed the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS) and items from the Organizational Readiness for Change Scale (ORC) ahead of an EBP for depression implementation effort across Sweden. EBPAS scores were compared with the USA study. Predictors of global and specific attitudes (gender, age, working years, education, profession, perceived benefit of diagnosis and organizational readiness and type of service) were examined using simple and multiple linear regressions.
Results: Clinicians had positive attitudes towards EBP on the four-dimensional subscales of the EBPAS, somewhat more so than their American counterparts. Clinician and organizational characteristics were related to at least one attitudinal dimension in both models, with perceived utility of diagnosis being the strongest and most consistent predictor across dimensions and models.
Conclusions: Results from this large-scale national study underscore the need to consider cultural, contextual, and individual variations in attitudes towards EBP when planning implementation efforts. Such efforts may need to be tailored to the working contexts, needs, and values of CAMHS clinicians, particularly their views on the utility of diagnosis.
Fear of falling in older adults: a multiple correspondence analysis of sociodemographic, physical and mental health related factors
Authors: Tabacchi Garden , Navarra Giovanni Angelo , Scardina Antonino , Thomas Ewan , D'Amico Antonella , Gene-Morales Javier , Colado Juan Carlos , Palma Antonio , Bellafiore Marianna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Fear of falling (FoF) is a disabling condition due to different factors. The present study assessed potential FoF predictors, among sociodemographic, physical, and mental health domains, and explored their structural patterns.
This cross-sectional study is part of the Physical Activity Promotion & Domestic Accidents Prevention (PAP & DAP) project, and was targeted to a sample of 229 independent older people. Correlation/regression analyses were used to explore relationships between FoF and the considered variables. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was conducted to show graphical patterns projected into space dimensions.
Fifty-nine % of the sample showed moderate/high concern of falling. MCA evidenced two dimensions: the first one explained 41.8% of the variance and was described by FoF, gender, leg strength, perceived mental health, musculoskeletal diseases, and PA status; the second dimension (12.3% of variance), was characterized by physical health, life objectives, education, upper body strength, and living in family/alone. The pattern elicited by MCA was characterized by older subjects with moderate/high FoF having low education or no occupation, being overweight and inactive, suffering from different diseases, having low physical fitness, and declaring low perceived physical and mental health. These results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing FoF should be addressed to this specific pattern of older people.
Backyard vs. barn eggs: differentiation and prediction models for two growing systems of hens based on isotopic, elemental, and fatty acid profiles of egg yolk
Authors: CRISTEA Gabriela , COVACIU Florina-Dorina D. , FEHER Ioana , PUSCAS Romulus , VOICA Cezara , DEHELEAN Adriana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Establishing the provenance of eggs from backyard growing system of hens can be challenging, in the context of high-value commercial products (the price of an egg from backyard chicken rearing system is double comparing with one from barn rearing regime). In this study, 90 egg yolk samples were investigated from isotopic, elemental and fatty acids profiles point of view. To identify the egg production system (backyard versus barn), three pattern recognition techniques were applied: linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks (MLP-ANN). LDA revealed a perfect separation for initial classification, while a percentage of 98.9% in cross-validation procedure was reached. From k-NN analysis, the overall classification rate was 98.4% for training set and 85.7% for testing set. After running the MLP-ANN, an overall percent of 100% for training set was obtained, while for the testing step decreased up to 92.3%, two samples being misclassified.
Characterizing the Luminosity Components of Luminous Infrared Galaxies in Multi-Wavelength from the X-ray to the far-infrared
Authors: Ali A. A. M. , Gadallah K. A.K. , Shalabiea O. M. , Beheary M. M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We characterize luminosity components of Ultra/Luminous Infrared Galaxies (U/LIRGs) in multi-wavelength from the X-ray to far-infrared. A set of 63 AGN U/LIRGs was selected where these galaxies are powered by a central active galactic nucleus (AGN). Utilizing the X-CIGALE code, SEDs for these galaxies are carried out where their SEDs are fitted with observations. Accordingly, the physical parameters such as the stellar mass, the dust-to-gas mass ratio, and the star formation rate are calculated. The total luminosity and its decomposed components (stellar, AGN, X-ray) are also calculated. We characterized these luminosities in relative to the intrinsic luminosity and in relative to each other. As a function of the stellar mass, these luminosities reveal an increase with different correlation coefficients, showing a strong correlation of the stellar luminosity. In correlation with the intrinsic AGN power, the stellar, AGN, and X-ray luminosities are strongly correlates in their variation to the intrinsic AGN luminosity, showing stronger correlations of AGN, and X-ray luminosities than those of the stellar one. In relationships between various luminosity components, both the stellar and X-ray luminosities reveal strong correlations with the AGN luminosity. On the other hand, the X-ray luminosity varies strongly with the stellar luminosity and intermediate with stellar or IR luminosity. Compared to obscured AGN galaxies, both the stellar and AGN luminosities similarly vary with increasing the intrinsic power of the active nucleus but for obscured AGN they are faster in their variation than that of U/LIRG. These correlations may offer valuable insights to understand the physical properties and their relationships through the evolution of U/LIRGs.
Integrating Radiomics Features from CT Imaging to Enhance Prognostic Accuracy and Clinical Decision-Making in Resectable Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kim Minkyu , Cho Sangwuk , Lim Joonseok , Hwang Taehyun , Cheong Jaeho , Kim Hwiyoung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: For resectable gastric cancer, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy remains the standard modality for preventing recurrence and improving survival. Although a previous study proposed a model for stratifying risk and determining the likelihood of chemotherapeutic benefit following surgery, this model requires molecular genomic analysis of tumour tissues and only uses unidimensional data. However, a recent study revealed that a multiomics approach reflects more compressive cancer characteristics, providing more precise prediction of treatment response. Recent advancements indicate that radiomics features are predictive biomarkers of treatment response. The present study investigated whether computed tomography (CT) image-based quantitative radiomics combined with genomics data can provide clinically actionable information for a more detailed stratification of cancer patients.
Methods: This retrospective multicohort study included patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy or surgery alone. Two filters were used to extract 1,106 radiomics features from preoperative venous-phase CT images. Dimensional reduction was performed via Cox regression with the LASSO method, following which the coefficients were used to determine the Rad-score. The optimal cutoff point was determined via the Kaplan-Meier method and used to divide the cohort into high- and low-risk groups. The primary endpoints were the predictive and prognostic performance of the Rad-score and nomogram in terms of overall survival and the value of adding the Rad-score to genetic information.
Findings: The optimal Rad-score (11·978379207) successfully stratified patients into low- and high risk groups. Improved survival was noted among patients defined to have a ‘poor prognosis’ with GZMB–, WARS–, and SFRP+ genetic test results and among high-risk patients based on the Rad-score when no adjuvant chemotherapy was provided. Interpretation: Our findings suggest that the Rad-score can be used to further stratify patients in the response group, preventing potentially ineffective treatment and unnecessary adverse events in those with advanced gastric cancer
An examination of requirements for powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) utilization as an alternative to lockdown
Authors: Fujii Yusak 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction With the emergence of COVID-19 variants and new viruses, is it uncertain when will the next pandemic strike to us again. The last measure to stop the spread of infection is lockdown, which causes enormous economic and social damage. It is important to find less damaging alternatives to lockdown.Objectives The feasibility of utilizing powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) as an alternative to lockdown and as a means of infection control is discussed. In particular, an outlook on the PAPR wearing rate and PAPR aerosol shielding performance, which are required to adequately control the spread of infection, is obtained.Method The PAPR wearing rate and PAPR aerosol shielding performance necessary to control infection as an alternative to lockdown is investigated using a simple simulation under limited conditions.Results When using a PAPR with 100% aerosol shielding in sir supply, the ratio of people who always wear the PAPR needed to adjust from a critical infection spread situation with the effective reproduction number Rt = 2 to the target effective reproduction number Rt_target = 0.9 is only 55%. When everyone wears PAPR, the reduction ratio in the probability of becoming infected by PAPR supplying air Ir_in needed to adjust from a critical infection spread situation with the effective reproduction number Rt = 2 to the target effective reproduction number Rt_target = 0.9 is only 55%.Conclusions The possibility of utilizing PAPR as a lockdown alternative was demonstrated.
Nationwide assessment of pyrethroid resistance escalation and investigation of its molecular basis in Anopheles funestus from Cameroon
Authors: Tazokong Hervé Raoul , Tchamga Stevia Ntadoun , Tchouakui Magellan , Assatse Tatiane , Djova Steve Valdi , Mugenzi Leon M. J. , Mahamat Gadji , Boyomo Onana , Wondji Charles Sinclair 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Malaria prevention still relies greatly on vector control interventions. However, increasing levels of resistance to pyrethroids across Africa have significantly reduced the efficacy of pyrethroid-based interventions leading to a stagnation and/or an increase of malaria burden. Consequently, it is imperative to nation-widely characterize the extent and molecular basis of this resistance.
Methods: This study was conducted from 2020 to 2021 in a South-North transect across Cameroon to assess patterns of resistance to insecticides in Anopheles funestus, establish its impact on efficacy of insecticide-treated nets and investigate underlying molecular mechanisms. Taqman assay and nested PCR were used to determine Plasmodium sporozoite prevalence. Genotyping of known genetic markers as well as species identification was done using PCR technique while quantitative PCR was used to determine gene expression.
Results: High pyrethroid resistance intensity was noticed in all sites with mortalities ranging from 80-93.9%, 84.9-96.7% and 82% for permethrin, deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin at 10x concentration respectively.
This high level of resistance led to dramatic inefficacy of pyrethroid-only nets with 0-17% mortality recorded 24-hour post exposure while PBO-based nets displayed optimal efficacy. The L119F-GSTe2 allele was higher in the South (56-68%) compared to the North (20-37%) meanwhile the P450-linked 4.3kb structural variant was fixed contrasting with the absence of the CYP6P9a/b-R, 6.5kb insertion and N485I-Ace1 alleles. Furthermore, the L119F-GSTe2allele confers significant ability to mosquito to survive permethrin. In addition, the CYP325A, CYP6P5, CYP6P9a/b, and the Carb2514 were the most overexpressed genes in pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes. However, no further association was noticed between these alleles/genes and increasing doses of pyrethroids.
Conclusion: This study confirms the escalation of pyrethroid resistance across Cameroon and the inefficacy of pyrethroid-only nets and highlights genes potentially implicated in the aggravation of insecticide resistance.