bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Koza i kozioł w polskich przysłowiach oraz wyrażeniach przysłowiowych
Authors: Kielak Olga 
Published: May 2015

Goat and ram in Polish proverbs and proverbial expressions. One cultural-linguistic image of animals, or two?
The paper discusses proverbs and proverbial expressions relating to goats and rams. An analysis of the collected material has allowed the author to establish a series of common characteristics that are ascribed to animals of both sexes (to goats and rams), and of features that are only ascribed to one of them. The cultural-linguistic images of goats and rams, reconstructed based on proverbs and proverbial expressions, are not identical. The image of the ram is much more modest than that of the goat, a consequence of the quantitative disproportion between the data referring to the two animals. Apart from proverbs and proverbial expressions, ethnographic materials were used in the analysis, making it possible to explain the origin of the analysed proverbs.
Markdown or Everyday Low Price? The Role of Behavioral Motives
Authors: Özer Özalp , Zheng Yanchong 
Published: May 2015

We study a seller’s optimal pricing and inventory strategies when behavioral (nonpecuniary) motives affect consumers’ purchase decisions. In particular, the seller chooses between two pricing strategies, markdown or everyday low price, and determines the optimal prices and inventory level. Two salient behavioral motives that impact consumers’ purchase decisions and the seller’s optimal strategies are anticipated regret and misperception of product availability. Regret arises when a consumer initially chooses to wait but encounters stockout later, or when the consumer buys the product at the high price but realizes that the product is still available at the markdown price. In addition, consumers often perceive the product’s future availability to be different than its actual availability. We determine and quantify that both regret and availability misperception have significant operational and profit implications for the seller. For example, ignoring these behavioral factors can result in up to 10% profit losses. We contrast the roles of consumers’ strategic (pecuniary) motives with their behavioral (nonpecuniary) motives in affecting purchase, pricing, and inventory decisions. The presence of the behavioral motives reinstates the profitability of markdown over everyday low price, in sharp contrast to prior studies of only strategic motives that suggest the contrary. We characterize how and why strategic versus behavioral motives affect decisions in distinctive manners. In doing so, this paper also introduces and determines the behavioral benefits of pricing in leveraging consumers’ behavioral regularities. We advocate that tactics that may intensify consumers’ misperception of availability, such as disclosing low inventory levels, can have a far-reaching impact on improving the seller’s profit. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2147 . This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Communicating war in Mali, 2012: On-offline networked political agency in times of conflict
Authors: Bruijn Mirjam de , Pelckmans Lotte , Sangare Boukary 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The Arab Spring raised high expectations for political freedom, especially for situations in which the rapid development of ICT intersects with political oppression and rebellion, as was the case in Mali, West Africa. In 2012 the country’s northern part fell into the hands of ‘rebels’ and jihadists were on the rise. This article tries to understand the development of political agency in relation to the unprecedented access to new ICT of the Fulani nomads and urbanites in the Mopti region (Hayre), who engage increasingly with new actors and networks present in the war zone: ‘rebels’ and jihadists; the diaspora from that region; and the journalistic and academic communities who visit the region. We argue that political agency is emerging in the relation between (newly appearing) information networks in both the on- and off-line worlds. These networked societies are embedded in cultural and social historical specificities of the Sudan-Sahel zone in conflict.
Kenya Decides: Kiswahili, social media and politics in Kenya’s 2013 general elections
Authors: Bing Natascha 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
As Kenya’s 2013 general elections have witnessed, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and new media have played a crucial role in shaping political landscapes. The debates on Twitter and Facebook, being important forums for Kenyans engaging in politics, display discussions in quite creative linguistic forms. In contrast to most recent studies focusing on how ICT and new media were catalysts for the 2007/08 post-election violence, this article will shed light on the role of Kiswahili and social media in the process of fostering participation in the 2013 general election campaigns. It takes a closer look at how the use of Kiswahili and mobile phones has shaped citizen engagement by offering new forms and spaces of expression. It will give insight into evolving digital practices of political communication during the 2013 general elections in Kenya.
Reappraising indigenous African communication systems in the twenty-first century: New uses for ancient media
Authors: Meribe nnaEmeka 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Advancements in communication technology appear to have combined with other factors to stifle research in Indigenous African Communication Systems (IACS). While the mass media and the new media are powerful communication systems that are arguably meeting most of contemporary society’s communication and information needs, there is an important segment of the developing world’s population that these media do not seem to carry along: the rural people. In Africa, rural people rarely have access to mainstream communication systems and their exposure to them is highly limited by several issues. However, they tend to attach much significance to their indigenous communication systems, indicating that the systems are still relevant today and are, therefore, worthy of being researched. This article examines the relationship between rural people and IACS. It investigates the use of these modes of communication in the mobilization of rural people for development projects. Through a study of two rural communities in south-east Nigeria, the article demonstrates why rural Africans have continued to rely on IACS and contends that these communication systems are not being idealized as they are still meeting the information needs of many.
Film Review
Authors: Villar-Pérez Raquel 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Half of a Yellow Sun, Biyi Bandele (2013) United Kingdom/Nigeria: Shareman Media, Slate Films Film: Half of A Yellow Sun Release Date: September 2013 (TIFF) April 2014 (United Kingdom) August 2014 (Nigeria) Producer: Andrea Calderwood, Gail Egan Director: Biyi Bandele Author: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie A Production company: Shareman Media, Slate Films Production cost: US$8 million
Noether’s theorem and the Willmore functional
Authors: Bernard Yann 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNoether’s theorem and the invariances of the Willmore functional are used to derive conservation laws that are satisfied by the critical points of the Willmore energy subject to generic constraints. We recover in particular previous results independently obtained by R. Capovilla and J. Guven, and by T. Rivière. Several examples are considered in detail.
From plane to spatial angles: PTB’s spatial angle autocollimator calibrator
Authors: Kranz Oliver , Geckeler Ralf D. , Just Andreas , Krause Michael , Osten Wolfgang 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Electronic autocollimators are utilised versatilely for non-contact angle measurements in applications like straightness measurements and profilometry. Yet, no calibration of the angle measurement of an autocollimator has been available when both its measurement axes are engaged. Additionally, autocollimators have been calibrated at fixed distances to the reflector, although its distance may vary during the use of an autocollimator. To extend the calibration capabilities of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) regarding spatial angles and variable distances, a novel calibration device has been set up: the spatial angle autocollimator calibrator (SAAC). In this paper, its concept and its mechanical realisation will be presented. The focus will be on the system’s mathematical modelling and its application in spatial angle calibrations. The model considers the misalignments of the SAAC’s components, including the non-orthogonalities of the measurement axes of the autocollimators and of the rotational axes of the tilting unit. It allows us to derive specific measurement procedures to determine the misalignments in situ and, in turn, to correct the measurements of the autocollimators. Finally, the realisation and the results of a traceable spatial angle calibration of an autocollimator will be presented. This is the first calibration of this type worldwide.
Ileal transposition in rats influenced glucose
metabolism and HSP70 levels
Authors: Stygar Dominika , Sawczyn Tomasz , Skrzep-Poloczek Bronisława , Karcz-Socha Iwona , Doleżych Bogdan , Zawisza-Raszka Agnieszka , Augustyniak Maria , Żwirska-Korczala Krystyna , Karcz Wojciech Konrad 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Objective: Ileal transposition procedure (IT),
in combination with sleeve gastrectomy, is widely used
to induce diabetes remission and to control related
metabolic abnormalities. A transposition of a long
segment of distal ileum in obese Zucker rats improved
glucose tolerance 6 months after IT. The premise of
our study was to to examine the long - term effects of
ileum transposition on the liver glycolytic enzymes
content in a euglycemic group of operated Zucker rats.
Methods: Twenty male Zucker rats underwent either
the transposition of 50% distal ileum or a sham surgery.
Six months after surgery, liver tissue concentrations
of glycogen synthase kinase alpha (GSK-3α), glucose
6-phosphatase (G6PC), glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM)
and phosphofructokinase (PFK) and HSP70 were assessed
by immunoenzymatic methods. Results: HSP70 values
were significantly higher in the IT group compared to
SHAM. G6PC liver concentrations in the IT group were
almost 1.45-fold lower than in the SHAM operated rats.
Statistical analyses (F-test) showed HSP70 levels were
significantly related to caveolin-1and SHAM group.
Conclusions: Lowered glycolytic enzyme concentrations
assessed in the liver suggest positive effects on glucose
metabolism in long-term observations.
Cell-penetrating peptides for nanomedicine – how to choose the right peptide
Authors: Tabujew Ilja , Lelle Marco , Peneva Kalina 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMore than two decades ago, a group of peptides, now known as cell-penetrating peptides, sparked the hope that the ultimate carrier molecules have been found. The high expectations for these peptides, which are reflected in their bold name, led to many disappointments due to the controversial results their utilization entailed and nowadays even their effectiveness has been called into question. In this review, we discuss the uptake mechanism and application of cell penetrating peptides as mediators for organelle specific delivery of nanocarriers, pointing out the possibilities as well as strategies of their successful utilization. Additionally, we provide an overview of the conjugation techniques usually employed for the attachment of cell penetrating peptides to quantum dots, as well as silver and gold nanoparticles, and we address the various aspects that need to be considered for the successful implementation of cell penetrating peptides for organelle-specific delivery of nanoparticles into cells.
Determination of Soil Endangerment by Wind Erosion with Consideration of Legislative Changes in Acceptable Soil Loss
Authors: Streďanský Jozef , Lackóoá Lenka , Streďanská Anna , Varga Viktor 
Published: May 2015

AbstractValue tightening of acceptable soil loss by wind erosion in amendment to the Act No. 220/2004 on Protection and Use of Agricultural Land in the Slovak Republic from 1st of April 2013 is necessary to reconsider wind erosion intensity in agricultural territories. The paper presents results of wind erosion intensity calculation by using Wind Erosion Equation (WEQ) that is recommended by Act No. 220/2004. As observed we choose cadastral area Moèenok territory and had determined and compared changes in levels of soil endangerment of arable land by wind and spatial delamination of wind erosion in specific territory of Moèenok. According to WEQ calculation, we determined that soil loss from 3778.85 ha arable land is 1220.52 ha, which is highly endangerment by wind erosion. By defining levels of soil erosion endangerment (LSEE), we found out that area in 3rd class of endangerment rose from 1.48% to 43.37% after changing acceptable soil from 40 to 15 t ha-1 year-1. Results enable us to specify priority areas where to implement erosion control measures in according to sustainable use and protection of arable land in model area.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Cattle
Authors: Podkówka Zbigniew , Čermák Bohuslav , Podkówka Witold , Brouček Jan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractCattle produce greenhouse gases (GHG) which lead to changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere. These gases which cause greenhouse effect include: methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ammonia (NH3), dust particles and non-methane volatile organic compounds, commonly described as other than methane hydrocarbons. Fermentation processes taking place in the digestive tract produce ‘digestive gases’, distinguished from gases which are emitted during the decomposition of manure. Among these digestive gases methane and non-methane volatile organic compounds are of particular relevance importance. The amount of gases produced by cows can be reduced by choosing to rear animals with an improved genetically based performance. A dairy cow with higher production efficiency, producing milk with higher protein content and at the same time reduced fat content emits less GHG into the environment. Increasing the ratio of feed mixtures in a feed ration also reduces GHG emissions, especially of methane. By selection of dairy cows with higher production efficiency and appropriate nutrition, the farm's expected milk production target can be achieved while at the same time, the size of the herd is reduced, leading to a reduction of GHG emissions.
On the fourth derivative test for exponential sums
Authors: Robert Olivier 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We give an upper bound for the exponential sum ∑
m=1,...,M
exp(2iπf(m)) where f is a real-valued function whose fourth derivative has the order of magnitude λ > 0 small.
Van der Corput's classical bound, in terms of M and λ only, involves the exponent 1/14. We show how this exponent
may be replaced by any θ < 1/12 without further hypotheses. The proof uses a recent result by Wooley
on the cubic Vinogradov system.
On fractional Tikhonov regularization
Authors: Gerth Daniel , Klann Esther , Ramlau Ronny , Reichel Lothar 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
It is well known that Tikhonov regularization in standard form may determine approximate solutions that are too smooth, i.e., the approximate solution may lack many details that the desired exact solution might possess. Two different approaches, both referred to as fractional Tikhonov methods have been introduced to remedy this shortcoming. This paper investigates the convergence properties of these methods by reviewing results published previously by various authors. We show that both methods are order optimal when the regularization parameter is chosen according to the discrepancy principle. The theory developed suggests situations in which the fractional methods yield approximate solutions of higher quality than Tikhonov regularization in standard form. Computed examples that illustrate the behavior of the methods are presented.
Inverse problems of demand analysis and their applications to computation of positively-homogeneous Konüs–Divisia indices and forecasting
Authors: Klemashev Nikolay I. , Shananin Alexander A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
According to Pareto’s theory of consumer demand a rational
representative consumer should choose their consumption bundle as
the solution of a mathematical programming problem of maximization of the
utility function under their budget constraint. The inverse problem
of demand analysis is to recover the utility function from the
demand functions. The answer to the question of solvability of this
problem is based on the revealed preference theory. If the problem
is unsolvable, one should apply regularization procedure by
introducing irrationality indices. When recovering the utility
function one puts a priori requirements on it. In this paper, we
suggest including positively-homogeneity property into these
requirements. We compare the setups with and without this
requirement both theoretically and empirically and provide evidence
in favor of requiring this property when computing economic indices
for consumer representing consumption behavior of large number of
various households for large time intervals.
Simulation of GNSS reflected signals and
estimation of position accuracy in
GNSS-challenged environment
Authors: Jakobsen Jakob , Jensen Anna B. O. , Nielsen Allan Aasbjerg 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper describes the development and testing
of a simulation tool, called QualiSIM. The tool estimates
GNSS-based position accuracy based on a simulation
of the environment surrounding the GNSS antenna,
with a special focus on city-scape environments with large
amounts of signal reflections from non-line-of-sight satellites.
The signal reflections are implemented using the extended
geometric path length of the signal path caused by
reflections from the surrounding buildings.
Based on real GPS satellite positions, simulated Galileo
satellite positions, models of atmospheric effect on the
satellite signals, designs of representative environments
e.g. urban and rural scenarios, and a method to simulate
reflection of satellite signals within the environment we
are able to estimate the position accuracy given several
prerequisites as described in the paper.
The result is a modelling of the signal path from satellite
to receiver, the satellite availability, the extended pseudoranges
caused by signal reflection, and an estimate of the
position accuracy based on a least squares adjustment of
the extended pseudoranges. The paper describes the models
and algorithms used and a verification test where the
results of QualiSIM are compared with results from collection
of real GPS data in an environment with much signal
reflection.
The Uganda Gravimetric Geoid Model 2014 Computed by The KTH Method
Authors: Sjöberg L. E. , Gidudu A. , Ssengendo R. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
For many developing countries such as Uganda,
precise gravimetric geoid determination is hindered by the
low quantity and quality of the terrestrial gravity data.
With only one gravity data point per 65 km2, gravimetric
geoid determination in Uganda appears an impossible
task. However, recent advances in geoid modelling
techniques coupled with the gravity-field anomalies from
the Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer
(GOCE) satellite mission have opened new avenues
for geoid determination especially for areas with sparse
terrestrial gravity. The present study therefore investigates
the computation of a gravimetric geoid model overUganda
(UGG2014) using the Least Squares Modification of Stokes
formula with additive corrections. UGG2014 was derived
from sparse terrestrial gravity data from the International
Gravimetric Bureau, the 3 arc second SRTM ver4.1 Digital
Elevation Model from CGIAR-CSI and the GOCE-only
global geopotential model GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R5. To
compensate for the missing gravity data in the target area,
we used the surface gravity anomalies extracted from the
World Gravity Map 2012. Using 10 Global Navigation Satellite
System (GNSS)/levelling data points distributed over
Uganda, the RMS fit of the gravimetric geoid model before
and after a 4-parameter fit is 11 cm and 7 cm respectively.
These results show that UGG2014 agrees considerably
better with GNSS/levelling than any other recent regional/
global gravimetric geoid model. The results also
emphasize the significant contribution of the GOCE satellite
mission to the gravity field recovery, especially for areas
with very limited terrestrial gravity data.With an RMS
of 7 cm, UGG2014 is a significant step forward in the modelling
of a “1-cm geoid” over Uganda despite the poor quality
and quantity of the terrestrial gravity data used for its
computation.
Advances in the Application of Thin-Walled Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Elements
Authors: Henriksen Thomas , Lo Stephen , Knaack Ulrich 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Thin-walled fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) elements are being adapted for large scale buildings with complex geometry envelopes. The current production methods, developed in the initial stages of glass fiber reinforced concrete FRC elements in the 1970s, are limited when striving to produce more complex shaped FRC elements. The limitations of the FRC elements in terms of material properties and surface quality were described for these current state of the art production methods. New production methods and casting techniques were proposed that will advance the application of thin-walled FRC for buildings with complex geometry envelopes. Evaluation of the current state of the art production methods concluded that the sprayed glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) methods are currently the most flexible solution which has the greatest potential for adapting the method to the requirements of complex geometry buildings. Further development of thin-walled GFRC elements would be possible by developing a mold system for complex geometry panels with an edge-return, which can utilize GF-UHPC with a vacuum technology, making it possible to produce complex geometry GFRC elements with an increased material performance and yet still meet the aesthetic requirements of minimal visual defects in the surface of thin-walled elements.
Atmospheric Corrosion Investigation of Aluminum-Coated, Zinc-Coated, and Copper-Bearing Steel Wire and Wire Products
Authors: Sweet Beryle G. , Britton Thomas C. 
Published: May 2015

Description
DS 65 will help you select the wire product which will best serve your requirements for atmospheric corrosion protection. The report presents the results of 32 years of exposure of specimens representing:
• Unfabricated Wires (bare copper-bearing steel; zinc-coated steel wire; aluminum-coated steel wire; aluminum-coated steel wire) and
• Fabricated Wire Products (farm-field fence fabric; barbed wire; chain-link fence fabric; high-strength strand; aluminum conductors; steel reinforced).
Includes color photographs of each specimen.