bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Loss Characteristics of Coaxial Magnetic Gear According to Three Types
Authors: Lee Jeong-In , Shin Kyung-Hun , Bang Tae-Kyoung , Choi Jang-Young , Kim Kyong-Hwan , Hong Keyyong 
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: Recently, there has been a problem of instability in rare earth prices worldwide. Due to these problems, various structures are being studied to minimize the use of permanent magnets.Methods/Statistical analysis: In this paper, we analyze the loss characteristics of three different types of coaxial magnetic gear (CMG)s using two - dimensional finite element analysis.Findings: This paper, 3 types of CMGs have been analyzed by using the 2-D FEA. The shapes used for the analysis are three types: Surface mounted coaxial magnetic gear (SMCMG), Consequent pole coaxial magnetic gear (CPCMG) and Reluctance coaxial magnetic gear (RCMG).The three types of gear ratios are all seven. For CPCMG and RCMG, the maximum torque is reduced as compared to SMCMG as the permanent magnet usage decreases. However, in case of loss, CPCMG is advantageous for PMloss and RCMG is for coreloss. The efficiency of SMCMG is advantageous, although the three types do not have much difference.Improvements/Applications: Through the two - dimensional finite element analysis, the results of analysis of the losses occurring in three types of magnetic gears were obtained.Â Â
Comparative Analysis of Optimizer Methods for Machine Learning Algorithm using Search Keyword Ad Data
Authors: Park Hyunhee , Ji Minjun , . . 
Published: July 2024

A searching for specific keywords through an online web searching platform (e.g., Google or Naver) is one of the most popular search mechanisms. Therefore, an advertisement on the online web searching platform has become one of the representative advertising marketing mechanisms. In order to advertise a specific keyword, it is necessary to pay the web-search-word to the online web searching platform and participate in the bid system. However, since the ads of online web searching platform are operated privately, it is quite difficult to know the bidding price of specific keywords. In this paper, we compare analysis results of machine learning algorithms with various optimizers to find the targeted rank of specific keywords and the desired ranking on the online web searching platform by using the machine learning algorithms. Particularly, it is quite important to find an appropriate optimization mechanism for the machine learning algorithm because it can derive different results of the applied machine learning algorithm according to the optimization mechanism. Therefore, we propose an appropriate machine learning algorithm with various optimizers by analyzing the web-search-word advertisement data. The ANN of deep learning and regression (i.e., linear, logistic, softmax regressions) algorithms are applied for the machine learning algorithms. In addition, we applied the optimizer mechanisms of Adam, Adagrad, Gradient Descent, Momentum and RMSProp to these algorithms. Extensive simulation results show that the Adam and Adagrad optimizer mechanisms have high test accuracy rate. Specifically, it can be seen that each optimizer mechanism shows quite difference in accuracy rate according to learning rate. Finally, it is necessary to analyze the machine learning algorithm applying various optimizer mechanisms to present the bidding price prediction model of the web-search-word advertisement. In this paper, it makes it possible to predict the optimal bidding price for the web-search-word advertisement.Â Â
A New Graphical Password System Using Intersecting Points in a Signature
Authors: Yang Gi-Chul , . . 
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: These days the most commonly used method of digital user authentication uses text-basedÂ passwords. Security enhancements using text-basedÂ passwordsrequire long and complex passwords, but long and complex text-based passwords are hard to remember and inconvenient to use. Therefore, authentication techniques that can replace text-based passwords are necessary. The objective of this paper is developing a user friendly graphical password system with strong security power.Methods/Statistical analysis: In order to develop a user friendly graphical password system with strong security power, the system developed in this articlecalled PassSign adapts advantages fromthe PassPositions system and signature recognition system. PassPositions system usie relative position information of click points and it is a recognition error free system with high usability. Signature recognition system has strong security power since it is hard to redraw someone elseâ€™s signature but error prone. PassSign takes signatures as passwords and use relative position information of intersecting points generated in an input signature to identify a certain userâ€™s signature for high usability andstrong security.Findings: There are various existing graphical password systems with there own advantages and disadvantages. Among the existing graphical password systems, signature recognition system has advantages of usability and strong security. It is, however, expensive to implement and error prone. PassPositions system also has advantages of reliability and usability, but has not good enough password space. PassSign system developed in this article removes all the disadvantages of those systems while all the advantages are remain.Improvements/Applications: This article introduces a new graphical password system called PassSign. PassSign took advantages of existing graphical password systems and it is user friendly and recognition free with strong security power. Also, PassSign is a light and inexpensive user authentication system which is suitable for various mobile devices with relatively small memory space.Â Â
An Investigational Study on Cloud Security Model and Data Privacy Schemes
Authors: M H Chaithra , Vagdevi S Dr. 
Published: July 2024

At present, cloud computing receiving more attention to the users as well as researchers. It is growing technology which showing more reliable development in the current processing world. It is increasingly popular by offering distinctive administrations like cloud facilitating, storage furthermore, servers and so on for various kinds of organizations as well as in scholastics. On the other hand, there are a few difficulties concerning distributed storage security and information protection. Security is as yet difficult in the distributed computing framework. Such difficulties incorporate loss of client's delicate information, spillage of information and revealing of clients mystery information. By considering these security and information protection issues inside the cloud foundation. This investigation for the most part audits the diverse security and protection difficulties, and arrangements. Additionally, this paper highlights the possible opportunities for storage security and data privacy in distributed computing environmentÂ Â
Efficient Big Data-Based Access Control Mechanism for IoT Cloud Environments
Authors: Jeong Yoon-Su , Kim Yong-Tae , Park Gil-Cheol 
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: Recently, the data using in the internet had processed through the network every day, and cloud services related to IoT are increasing rapidly. In particular, the cloud service related to IoT has been transformed into an era in which data is generated and processed by an individual centered around the enterprise in the past. However, the use of mobile phones and IoT technology had diversified, and the demand for computational cost and accuracy has increased.Methods/Statistical analysis: we propose access control method based on big data that can process various attributes of data in block in IoT cloud environment. The proposed scheme aims to minimize the service latency of users by extracting the security parameters Â of each data by attribute and converting them into pairs with polynomials. In the performance evaluation, we had fined that the data processing time was 7.2% higher than previous scheme and the data processing rate was 9.7% higher than previous scheme. The accuracy according to the type and size of the different data improved by 18.1%. IoT cloud server and user communication delay was 8.5% higher than previous scheme. Finally, the server overhead reduced by 5.8%.Findings: We propose a method that can access verified data without delaying the data by constructing data into subnets and then applying the security parameter Â of the data constituting each subnet to -bit and applying it to the polynomial coefficients.Improvements/Applications: In future research, proposed scheme can be applied to various services related to large-scale data access in the cloud environment.Â Â
A Novel Compact Ultra-Wideband Antenna with Hybrid IE3D/GA Optimization
Authors: Subbarao A. , Sreedhar K. , Raghavan S. , Gayatri N. 
Published: July 2024

A novel compact Ultra-wideband antenna is fabricated and measured. The antenna has a size of 31 mm x 34 mm. The antenna is excited by coplanar wave guide and it provides band width from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz with dual notched bands of 3.3-4.2 GHz and 5.1-6 GHz to avoid interference from worldwide interoperability for microwave access and wireless local area network bands respectively in ultra-wideband. These dual notched band characteristics are obtained by etching a co-directional complementary split ring resonator on radiating patch of the antenna. The antenna dimensions and dual notched bands are optimized by hybrid Genetic Algorithm and IE3D electromagnetic solver. The measured antenna has Omni directional radiation pattern and consistent gain in operating frequency range.Â The time domain group delay of antenna is also measured, which indicates that the antenna has good pulse handling capacity. This antenna can be easily integrated with portable UWB systems.Â
A Novel Compact Ultra-Wideband Antenna with Hybrid IE3D/GA Optimization
Authors: Subbarao A. , Sreedhar K. , Raghavan S. , Gayatri N. 
Published: July 2024

A novel compact Ultra-wideband antenna is fabricated and measured. The antenna has a size of 31 mm x 34 mm. The antenna is excited by coplanar wave guide and it provides band width from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz with dual notched bands of 3.3-4.2 GHz and 5.1-6 GHz to avoid interference from worldwide interoperability for microwave access and wireless local area network bands respectively in ultra-wideband. These dual notched band characteristics are obtained by etching a co-directional complementary split ring resonator on radiating patch of the antenna. The antenna dimensions and dual notched bands are optimized by hybrid Genetic Algorithm and IE3D electromagnetic solver. The measured antenna has Omni directional radiation pattern and consistent gain in operating frequency range.Â The time domain group delay of antenna is also measured, which indicates that the antenna has good pulse handling capacity. This antenna can be easily integrated with portable UWB systems.Â Â
Emotional Intelligence and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour Using Structured Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Jakulin Divya Mary P. , Rajini K. 
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on deriving a model showing relationship between the Emotional Intelligence and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour.The model fits good for nurses who need to be emotionally intelligent and also show citizenship behavior towards the organization while dealing with patients, peer groups and supervisors.Study population were nurses working in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. Sample size taken for the study was 100.Â Â Â
Emission of CI Engine Using FeCl3 and Diethyl ether as Additives
Authors: P. Patnaik P. , K.Acharya S. , K.Mishra S. 
Published: July 2024

Improving the performance of IC engine and reducing the toxic gases by applying the advance technology is the main key to safe guard the nation economy and health. The present investigation is to compare the emission of the single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine by adding proper additives ferric chloride (FeCl3) and diesel-diethyl ether (DEE) with diesel. The investigation defeats that Diesel-DEE15 combination has show the lowest HC and CO emissions except NO emission.Â Â Â
A Glimpse on Iceberg Query Evaluation Techniques
Authors: V. Chandra Shekhar Rao V. , P. Sammulal Dr. 
Published: July 2024

Queries are required to determine distinct quality worthâ€™s and also their accumulation that is over a predefined limit from this significant variety of documents. The information keeping as well as getting are playing a significant function in the information clustering and also information warehousing methods. The performance of an information retrieving approach relies on the information details queries for getting the information from the data source. Iceberg query is an one-of-a-kind course of gathering query, which calculates accumulation worthâ€™s over a provided limit. The queries which are having this sort of nature are called as Iceberg( IB) queries.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Existing data source system perform it similar to typical query so it take even more time to implement. It is difficult job to essence fascinating as well as crucial details promptly from big data source. Great deals of research study has actually been done to raise the rate of IB query. Initially scientists makes use of tuple check strategy to perform IB query which is time consuming and also need even more memory. To get rid of these troubles scientists recommended IB query examination utilizing Bitmap Indexing strategies. This method prevent total table check so time called for to carry out IB query is decreased as well as memory demand is likewise lowered.Â Â
Characteristic of Husk Charcoal, Bokashi Compost, and Wood Charcoal as Biofilter Filler on Application of Ammonia 5 Percent
Authors: Juliana Siregar Mia , . . 
Published: July 2024

Bio-filter has been widely used as one of methods to remove odorous gas, because of inexpensive, easy, and can remove the odour perfectly. This research has been conducted in order to determine the best physical of characteristic of bokashi compost, husk charcoal, and wood charcoal toward the adsorption of ammonia and compositions of such materials. 5% of Ammonia solution has been used to the physical characteristic of packing material. Some methods which use was water content and density, porosity, pressure drops, Water Holding Capacity (WHC), Pollutant Holding Capacity (PHC). Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistic test with error value 5% and continued with Duncan Test. From the physical experiment, by performance ranking shows husk charcoal is better than wood charcoal, and compost. Husk carbon shows the highest porosity, availability in hold water and air, PHC, and pressure drops. Husk carbon can adsorb 1.18x10-3 g-N/g bk of ammonia. Treatment of material composition with a ratio of (K212) shows that it is the best composition in ammonia absorption. This is evident from the water content of K212, lower pressure drops, PHC of 1.8x10-4 g-N / g bk. The conclusions are husk charcoal can be used as an alternative material absorbent of ammonia pollutant which is good enough seen from its physical character and the addition of wood charcoal as a filler composition can improve the physical character of the material as a filler on the mixture of compost material bokashi and charcoal husk.Â Â
Prediction of Automotive Component Load Configuration Using Best Fit Life Distribution
Authors: Asri Yusuff Mohd , Arifin Zakaria Kamarul , Ahmad Azrulhisham Engku 
Published: July 2024

An extreme event such as strong shock resulting from a violation of the hole or a large object on the road can cause damage to vehicle components. As such, the study needs to be done to address the behavior of failure data using the fatigue life and reliability characteristics of extreme fatigue life failure statistical approach. The study also be done by developing a characterization of life distributions based data and configuration best match load to allow a generalized prediction. The research involves testing the fatigue life and cyclic strain fatigue life data generation using Monte Carlo simulation based on the parameters of probabilistic stress cycle curve. Features for all parametric distributions were analyzed by the method of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) for the generalized extreme value distributions. Assess the suitability of the life distribution for the reliability of extreme fatigue life can be seen through a probability density function. This study found that the developed method capable of predicting the relationship between the load configuration and shape of the distribution of a component failure studied. This approach can contribute to reduced time of experimental testing which is an emphasis in the production process components. This implication provides a particularly significant impact on the development of the automotive industry and enhance the manufacturing sector.Â Â
An EOQ Model for Deteriorating Items with Selling Price Dependent Exponential Demand for Time Varying Holding and Deterioration Costs
Authors: Kumar Verma Sachin , Rizwanullah Mohd. , Singh Chaman 
Published: July 2024

Research investigation of the past few decades shown that the researchers developed economic order quantity (EOQ) model for perishable items under constant deterioration and constant demand. Though, in actual practice it is not true. This paper involved a representation of an inventory control model, in which perishable items has been taken with a price as well as an exponential dependent demand. The measured items in the model are deteriorating in nature based on time dependent deterioration rate. In the earlier studies the holding cost often treated as a constant, which is not suited to the most of the practical life situations. In real practical situation some kind of items treat holding cost is a function of time, which is increase as the time increases. In this paper, a model is developed which included the time dependent linear holding cost. We have achieved the estimated optimal solution under the given assumption according to the situation. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the model and the sensitivity analysis of various parameters is approved out for the validation of the proposed method.Â Â
Development of Nighttime Vehicle Detection System using 5-stage Cascade Classifier
Authors: Venkatasubramanian Ranganathan , M Elangovan 
Published: July 2024

There is one death in every four minutes due to road accidents in India. This paper is a contribution towards the development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems such as overtaking assistance system, Adaptive cruise control system, etc., which in turn could reduce the number of road accidents. This paper proposes a three-step method to detect the vehicles in front during nighttime in one-way road. In the first step, the classifier is trained with negative samples and Region of Interest (ROI) marked positive samples. In the second step, input images are acquired and enhanced. In the third step, the enhanced input images are fed into the trained 5-stage cascade classifier, where the vehicles in front are detected and visually presented. This method can detect the vehicles in front during nighttime in one-way road with 65.6% accuracy.Â Â Â
Energy Generation using Magnetic Repulsion
Authors: Shivarudra Swamy R. , N.S Jayalakshmi. , Kumar Mohit , . Ujawal 
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes a novel technology to convert the magnetic repulsive force available from permanent magnets to electrical energy using repulsion magnet technique. The proposed technology employs the theory of magnetic repulsion to generate the electricity. The system uses permanent magnets to produce repulsion and this repulsive force produces a torque, which drives a DC generator. The repulsive magnetic V channel consists of repulsive magnetic line of forces. The two channels repel each other, which create a force in the forward direction. The bullet magnet that is used is inserted into the channel and passed through a repulsive barrier and ultimately is placed in the repulsive part of the magnetic _field lines that shoots the bullet in forward direction. A belt coupler is coupled with the bullet and wrapped in the rotor of the dynamo. The torque produced by the repulsive forces will ultimately drive the dynamo, which will result, to electricity generation. It is almost free energy as the energy input is quite low and efficiency will be very high. This model requires no electrical input and works only on the forces of nature.Â Â
Performance of Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) as Corrosion Inhibitor of Ductile Iron
Authors: Faizul Idham Mohd , Fathmi Masor Mohamad , Mohd Norzila , Abdullah Bulan , Khadijah Alias Siti 
Published: July 2024

The effectiveness of Piper Nigrum as green corrosion inhibitor towards ductile iron in 1M Sodium Hydroxide was studied. Piper Nigrum, also known as black pepper had undergone extraction process in order to get the final product in the form of liquid which acted as inhibitor. The sample of this inhibitor was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) in determining the bonding and the functional group of the inhibitor. Meanwhile, the capability of Piper Nigrum to inhibit corrosion was tested based on concentration of inhibitors by using the gravimetric method. Ductile iron was exposed to 1M Sodium Hydroxide which acted as corrosive medium and inhibitor concentration of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g/L respectively for three hours at constant temperature of 50Â°C. In addition, there was one ductile iron which was exposed to 1M Sodium Hydroxide in the absence of inhibitor. The ductile iron was then visualized by the microstructure observation through microscope. As a result, FTIR had indicated that the presence of hetero atoms in alkaloids Piperine made Piper Nigrum to have an ability to inhibit corrosion. Besides, Piper Nigrum could achieve maximum inhibition efficiency of 97.97% while the corrosion rate was only 0.8059 mm/year at 0.3 g/L inhibitor. Furthermore, the concentration of inhibitor gave insignificant effect on the microstructure. However, the morphology of ductile iron microstructure had shown slight difference when the ductile iron was immersed in higher concentration of inhibitor. This had proved that the higher concentration of inhibitor, the less corrosion occurred.Â Â Â
Potential Utilization of Rubber Seed Meal as Feed and Food
Authors: Abiola Oluodo Lukman , Huda Nurul , Fay Komilus Connie 
Published: July 2024

Feed and food crisis has been a global concern due to its increasing prices. It led researchers to consider an alternative non-conventional edible material. This paper discussed the previous studies conducted on rubber seed as feed and food.Â Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis)Â is a multipurpose tree; grown primarily for the production of latex with numerous useful by-products such as rubber seed, woods and oil. The rubber seed has a promising amount of crude protein, with the existence of a major toxic compound (cyanogenic compound) which has hindered the proper utilisation of the existing nutrient. The present review finds out the nutritional composition of the rubber seed to be moisture content was 3.99%, crude protein 23, crude fat 68.5 and ash 4.3 g/100g respectively. The amino acid in rubber seed was high in Glutamic acid (16.13%) and low in Cysteine (0.78%). Since, rubber seeds contained substantial amount proximate components, therefore it could be assumed as edible food and promising feed resource for livestock. Despite its promising protein contents, rubber seed meal contains cyanogens compound but this drawback could be overcome by boiling and storage time period which could lead to increase the nutrients availability and utilisation of rubber seed as edible feed and food.Â