bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Outcome Measure (DASH) and Its Shortened Version (QuickDASH)
Authors: Franchignoni Franco , Vercelli Stefano , Giordano Andrea , Sartorio Francesco , Bravini Elisabetta , Ferriero Giorgio 
Published: October 2013

Study Design Prospective, single-group observational design. Objectives To determine the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) outcome measure and its shortened version (QuickDASH) in patients with upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders, using a triangulation of distribution- and anchor-based approaches. Background Meaningful threshold change values of outcome tools are crucial for the clinical decision-making process. Methods The DASH and QuickDASH were administered to 255 patients (mean ± SD age, 49 ± 15 years; 156 women) before and after a physical therapy program. The external anchor administered after the program was a 7-point global rating of change scale. Results The test-retest reliability of the DASH and QuickDASH was high (intraclass correlation coefficient model 2,1 = 0.93 and 0.91, respectively; n = 30). The minimum detectable change at the 90% confidence level was 10.81 points for the DASH and 12.85 points for the QuickDASH. After triangulation of these results with those of the mean-change approach and receiver-operating-characteristic-curve analysis, the following MCID values were selected: 10.83 points for the DASH (sensitivity, 82%; specificity, 74%) and 15.91 points for the QuickDASH (sensitivity, 79%; specificity, 75%). After treatment, the MCID threshold was reached/surpassed by 61% of subjects using the DASH and 57% using the QuickDASH. Conclusion The MCID values from this study for the DASH (10.83 points) and the QuickDASH (15.91 points) could represent the lower boundary for a range of MCID values (reasonably useful for different populations and contextual characteristics). The upper boundary may be represented by the 15 points for the DASH and 20 points for the QuickDASH proposed by the DASH website. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(1):30–39. Epub 30 October 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4893
Clinical Rehabilitation Guidelines for Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation on the Tibiofemoral Joint
Authors: Edwards Peter K. , Ackland Timothy , Ebert Jay R. 
Published: October 2013

Synopsis Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has become an established technique for the repair of full-thickness chondral defects in the knee. Matrix-induced ACI (MACI) is the third and current generation of this surgical technique, and, while postoperative rehabilitation following MACI aims to restore normal function in each patient as quickly as possible by facilitating a healing response without overloading the repair site, current published guidelines appear conservative, varied, potentially outdated, and often based on earlier ACI surgical techniques. This article reviews the existing evidence-based literature pertaining to cell loading and postoperative rehabilitation following generations of ACI. Based on this information, in combination with the technical benefits provided by third-generation MACI in comparison to its surgical predecessors, we present a rehabilitation protocol for patients undergoing MACI in the tibiofemoral joint that has now been implemented for several years by our institution in patients with MACI, with good clinical outcomes. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 5. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(2):102–119. Epub 30 October 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.5055
Performances des firmes publiques algériennes : une question de privatisation ou de gouvernance des firmes ?
Authors: Labaronne Daniel 
Published: October 2013

La privatisation algérienne est-elle un facteur d’amélioration des performances des firmes du pays ? La privatisation est-elle une solution pour la sortie de crise de l’entreprise publique algérienne ? Pour répondre à ces questions nous mobilisons les apports théoriques et empiriques des études qui ont testé, notamment dans le cas des firmes d’Europe de l’Est, les liens entre la performance des firmes et leur forme (publique versus privée), leur structure (outsiders versus insiders) ou leur statut (managérial versus individuel). Les résultats souvent contradictoires et quelquefois contraires aux attentes théoriques de ces études nous incitent à être prudents quant aux effets attendus de la privatisation sur l’amélioration des performances des firmes algériennes. Nous défendons l’idée que c’est davantage le renforcement des institutions de marché, notamment celles qui encadrent les mécanismes de micro-gouvernance : contrainte budgétaire dure et pressions concurrentielles, qui peut jouer un rôle décisif dans l’amélioration des performances du système productif algérien.
Environnements institutionnels et internationalisation des réseaux de franchise : le cas contrasté des pays du Maghreb
Authors: Chanut Odile , Gharbi Nadjoua , Bonet Fernandez Dominique 
Published: October 2013

La franchise commerciale qui s’est imposée comme un modèle dominant pour la distribution dans les économies occidentales, concerne désormais aussi les pays émergents, avec l’internationalisation des franchiseurs. Cet article cherche à expliquer le différentiel important du développement de la franchise entre le Maroc, l’Algérie et la Tunisie. Les explications peuvent être trouvées dans l’environnement institutionnel général de ces pays (risque pays, contrôle des flux de capitaux vers l’étranger), mais aussi dans la volonté des pouvoirs publics de moderniser les structures de distribution ainsi que dans l’environnement institutionnel spécifique de la franchise : le droit de la franchise, le développement de fédérations qui agissent pour la légitimation de la franchise auprès de partenaires fournisseurs des ressources, les banques et les candidats à la franchise. Le cadre théorique mobilisé est celui des théories institutionnelles (DiMaggio et Powell, 1983) et des théories néo-institutionnelles. A partir d’une analyse documentaire des principales bases de données publiques dans les trois pays, complétée par une recherche sur le terrain, nous proposons une grille d’analyse de l’environnement institutionnel spécifique à la franchise.
Aumento de la conducta operante tras la presentación de estímulos condicionados asociados al efecto del etanol
Authors: Alarcón Acuña Daniel , Miguez Cavieres Gonzalo , Betancourt Mainhard Ronald 
Published: October 2013

Estudios previos señalan que estímulos externos asociados a drogas adquieren propiedades motivacionales que llegan a controlar la respuesta operante de búsqueda/consumo de droga y otro tipo de recompensas. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar que los ECs asociados al efecto del etanol adquieren propiedades motivacionales modificando la tasa de respuesta operante para la obtención de comida. Para ello se realizó un experimento de transferencia de control con ratas albinas. Al grupo experimental se le hicieron presentaciones contingentes del EC (tono) y el estímulo incondicionado (EI) (i.e., efecto del etanol). Los sujetos del grupo control tuvieron exposiciones aleatorias EC/EI. Posteriormente se comparó la tasa de respuesta operante para la búsqueda de comida frente al EC al etanol en el grupo experimental y control. Los resultados indican que los ECs asociados al efecto del etanol aumentan la respuesta operante frente a reforzadores naturales.
La práctica de la investigación educativa desde la psicología: Intereses implícitos y finalidad social
Authors: Carrasco Aguilar Claudia 
Published: October 2013

El presente artículo busca desarrollar la tesis de que la Psicología y la Educación pueden vincularse en el ámbito de la Investigación Educativa, por medio de una relación que no ubique a ninguna de estas disciplinas en una posición de dominación sobre la otra. Tradicionalmente la Psicología se ha colocado al servicio de los intereses de reproducción social de la Educación, colaborando con su mantención por medio de estrategias de validación derivadas de las formas de investigación científica. Sin embargo, actualmente nos encontramos en un escenario en el cual las innovaciones y cuestionamientos éticos y políticos a estas formas de aproximarse al fenómeno educativo están comenzando a evidenciarse con mayor fuerza, demostrando que existen experiencias prácticas desde metodologías como la Sistematización de Experiencias y la Investigación-Acción, que colaboran con el cuestionamiento de la función social de la Investigación Educativa desde la intervención psicológica, con una finalidad última de emancipación social.
Aproximaciones al estudio de la Transmisión Transgeneracional del Trauma Psicosocial
Authors: Faúndez Ximena , Cornejo Marcela 
Published: October 2013

El presente artículo hace una revisión de los principales estudios que se han realizado en torno al fenómeno de la tortura tras la dictadura militar chilena y analiza cómo estos estudios han abordado las consecuencias transgeneracionales de la tortura a nivel familiar. Se examinan brevemente los conceptos de tortura, trauma y transmisión transgeneracional, haciendo hincapié en la concepción de tortura como trauma psicosocial. Bajo los criterios de mecanismos y contenidos, se presentan desarrollos teóricos y los principales hallazgos de trabajos empíricos realizados en Chile y en diversas partes del mundo sobre la transmisión transgeneracional del trauma psicosocial a segundas y terceras generaciones. Finalmente, lo presentado se discute, señalando algunas consideraciones teóricas y metodológicas para futuros estudios a nivel nacional.
Resiliencia Familiar: un enfoque de investigación e intervención con familias multiproblemáticas
Authors: Gómez Esteban , Kotliarenco María Angélica 
Published: October 2013

En este artículo se presenta el concepto resiliencia familiar, revisando sus antecedentes históricos, desarrollos actuales y posibles aplicaciones en el campo de la intervención clínica, psicosocial y de salud con familias altamente vulnerables. Este enfoque permite articular los aportes teóricos y empíricos de campos hasta ahora inconexos, como las ciencias del desarrollo, la terapia familiar y la intervención biopsicosocial con familias y niños vulnerables. Se distingue entre el riesgo crónico, la crisis significativa o la tensión familiar, en cuya presencia se activan procesos de resiliencia diferentes. La resiliencia familiar se define como el conjunto de procesos de reorganización de significados y comportamientos que activa una familia sometida a estrés para recuperar y mantener niveles óptimos de funcionamiento y bienestar, equilibrando sus recursos y necesidades familiares. Quedan numerosos aspectos metodológicos que resolver, como evaluar familias integralmente, la necesidad de estudios longitudinales y de investigación especialmente diseñada a partir de este enfoque.
Decreased Expressions of Toll-Like Receptor 9 and Its Signaling Molecules in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus–Infected Patients
Authors: Sajadi Seyyed Mohammad Ali , Mirzaei Vahid , Hassanshahi Gholamhossein , Khorramdelazad Hossein , Daredor Hassan Yousefi , Hosseini Seyyed Mohammad Hossein , Moogooi Mojgan , Ravary Ali , Arababadi Mohammad Kazemi , Kennedy Derek 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in immune responses, especially innate immunity, against viral infections. Toll-like receptor 9 recognizes intracellular viral double-strand DNA, which leads to the activation of nuclear factor B (NF-κB) through the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) pathway. Defects in the expression of TLR9 and its signaling molecules may cause attenuated immune responses against hepatitis B virus.
Objective.—To determine expression levels of TLR9 messenger RNA along with MYD88, interleukin 1 receptor–associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and NF-κB in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB)–infected patients.
Design.—In this study, 60 CHB patients and 60 healthy controls were recruited and the expression of TLR9 and its downstream signaling molecules was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques using β-actin as a housekeeping gene.
Results.—Our results showed that expression of TLR9, MYD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, and NF-κB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CHB patients was significantly decreased in comparison with healthy controls.
Conclusions.—According to our results, it appears that CHB patients are unable to appropriately express genes in the TLR9 pathway, which may impede immune responses against hepatitis B virus infection. These results suggest a mechanism that may partially explain the fact that immune responses are disrupted in CHB patients.
Immunostaining for Rapid Diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with the Tetramethylrhodamine-5-Isothiocyanate–Conjugated Anti–Promyelocytic Leukemia Monoclonal Antibody PG-M3
Authors: Alayed Khaled M. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Phan Danh , Ojiaku Chinemerem , Patel Jyoti , Yap Jan Paul V. , McCord Yen , Woods Janaya S. , Konoplev Sergej , Bueso-Ramos Carlos E. , Reyes Steven R. 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Anti–promyelocytic leukemia (PML) immunofluorescence staining is a known diagnostic tool for rapid diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
Objective.—We describe our methods using the recently developed, commercially available, tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate–labeled PG-M3 anti-PML antibody for APL testing.
Design.—Immunofluorescence staining with the tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate–labeled PG-M3 antibody was used to detect PML-RARA in bone marrow aspirate and/or peripheral blood smears from 30 patients with acute leukemia. The results were compared with those of concurrent testing with our in-house polyclonal anti-PML antibody and with established tests.
Results.—All APL cases showed a positive (fine/microgranular) immunofluorescence staining pattern, whereas non-APL cases showed a negative (chunky/macrogranular) pattern. These results, which were available within 2 hours, were validated by testing with the polyclonal anti-PML antibody and with established cytogenetic and molecular testing methods.
Conclusions.—We validated the utility of the tetramethylrhodamine-5-isothiocyanate–labeled anti-PML antibody PG-M3 for the diagnosis of APL. Our results indicate that immunofluorescence staining with this antibody is a rapid and reliable method for the diagnosis of APL.
The Utility of the BIOMED-2 Primers in the Detection of 2 Clonal, B-Lymphoproliferative Disorders Simultaneously Involving the Same Site
Authors: Ly Brenda , Cotta Claudiu V. 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Molecular tests for clonality performed on atypical lymphoid lesions may yield abnormal results because of the coexistence of monoclonal B lymphocytosis or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in the sample investigated.
Objective.—To investigate the ability of the BIOMED-2 sets of primers to identify 2 clonal populations in the same formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sample.
Design.—Ten cases with 2 B-lymphoproliferative disorders at the same site were analyzed using 5 BIOMED-2 primer sets (IGH FR1, FR2, FR3, IGK VJ, and IGK VKde).
Results.—All 10 cases (100%) showed at least 1 clone; 8 of 10 cases (80%) had 2 clones with at least 1 primer set, and the 2 clones were shown by 4 or 5 primer sets in none of the cases (0%), by 3 sets in 1 of 10 cases (10%), by 2 sets in 4 of 10 cases (40%), and by 1 set in 3 of 10 cases (30%). The most effective set was IGH FR2, detecting 4 of 10 biclonal cases (40%). The IGK VJ and IGK VKde each showed 2 clones in 3 of 10 cases (30% each). The least effective sets were IGH FR1 and FR3, with 2 of 10 cases (20%) each, with IGH FR1 being the least useful.
Conclusions.—The BIOMED-2 primers are effective in the detection of 2 clonal populations in the same sample.
Review of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and HER-2/neu Immunohistochemistry Impacts on Treatment for a Small Subset of Breast Cancer Patients Transferring Care to Another Institution
Authors: Jorns Julie M. , Healy Patrick , Zhao Lili 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER-2/neu studies are variably submitted for pathology review but are influential in treatment choices for breast cancer patients seeking second opinion or transferring care.Objective.—To determine the frequency of interinstitutional discordance for the interpretation of ER/PR and HER-2/neu immunohistochemical slides and assess the resulting clinical significance.Design.—One thousand one hundred thirty-nine ER, 1111 PR, and 663 HER-2/neu immunohistochemistry stains from 1139 cases were reviewed at contributing and referral centers and compared for concordance and clinical impact of discordance.Results.—Interinstitutional concordance for individual stains was excellent (ER: κ = 0.93; PR: κ = 0.90; HER-2/neu: κ = 0.93). One hundred four (9.1%) had interinstitutional discordance in 1 or more stains; however, the majority of the discordance was clinically insignificant. Seven patients (0.6%) had a clinically significant change in treatment recommendation based on review and 2 (0.2%) had interpretation changes that would likely have resulted in treatment change had they not already completed therapy. Two patients (0.2%) had change in treatment despite concordant interpretations.Conclusions.—Overall, there was excellent interinstitutional concordance for pathology review of ER, PR, and HER-2/neu immunohistochemistry stains. However, a small but significant number of patients (0.8%) received potential benefit from review, justifying inclusion of these slides along with other pathology slides to be reviewed for all breast cancer patients being seen at another institution who have not yet completed hormonal and/or chemotherapy.
Rupture model of the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake from teleseismic and regional waveforms
Authors: Hartzell Stephen , Mendoza Carlos , Zeng Yuehua 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe independently invert teleseismic P waveforms and regional crustal phases to examine the finite fault slip model for the 2011 Mw 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake. Theoretical and empirical Green's functions are used for the teleseismic and regional models, respectively. Both solutions show two distinct sources each about 2 km across and separated by 2.5 km. The source at the hypocenter is more localized in the regional model leading to a higher peak slip of 130 cm and higher average stress drop of 250 bars compared with 86 cm and 150 bars for the same source in the teleseismic model. Both sources are centered at approximately 8 km depth in the regional model, largely below the aftershock distribution. In the teleseismic model, the sources extend updip to approximately 6 km depth, into the depth range of the aftershocks. The rupture velocity is not well resolved but appears to be near 2.7 km/s.
Improved assessment of gross and net primary productivity of Canada's landmass
Authors: Gonsamo Alemu , Chen Jing M. , Price David T. , Kurz Werner A. , Liu Jane , Boisvenue Céline , Hember Robbie A. , Wu Chaoyang , Chang Kuo‐Hsien 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe assess Canada's gross primary productivity (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP) using boreal ecosystem productivity simulator (BEPS) at 250 m spatial resolution with improved input parameter and driver fields and phenology and nutrient release parameterization schemes. BEPS is a process‐based two‐leaf enzyme kinetic terrestrial ecosystem model designed to simulate energy, water, and carbon (C) fluxes using spatial data sets of meteorology, remotely sensed land surface variables, soil properties, and photosynthesis and respiration rate parameters. Two improved key land surface variables, leaf area index (LAI) and land cover type, are derived at 250 m from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer sensor. For diagnostic error assessment, we use nine forest flux tower sites where all measured C flux, meteorology, and ancillary data sets are available. The errors due to input drivers and parameters are then independently corrected for Canada‐wide GPP and NPP simulations. The optimized LAI use, for example, reduced the absolute bias in GPP from 20.7% to 1.1% for hourly BEPS simulations. Following the error diagnostics and corrections, daily GPP and NPP are simulated over Canada at 250 m spatial resolution, the highest resolution simulation yet for the country or any other comparable region. Total NPP (GPP) for Canada's land area was 1.27 (2.68) Pg C for 2008, with forests contributing 1.02 (2.2) Pg C. The annual comparisons between measured and simulated GPP show that the mean differences are not statistically significant (p > 0.05, paired t test). The main BEPS simulation error sources are from the driver fields.
Modular‐based adaptive control of uncertain nonlinear time‐varying systems with piecewise jumping parameters
Authors: Zhu Yang , Wen Changyun , Su Hongye , Liu Xiangbin 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYNonlinear time‐varying systems exist widely in practice. Therefore, it is of great theoretical importance and practical value to investigate the problem of controlling such systems. However, the results available in developing adaptive control to address such a problem are still limited. Especially a majority of them are restricted to be slowly time‐varying linear systems. This paper presents a modular‐based adaptive control scheme for parametric strict feedback nonlinear time‐varying systems. The parameters considered include both continuous and piecewise time‐varying parameters, and they are not necessarily restricted to be slowly time‐varying or infrequent jumping. The technique of adaptive backstepping with nonlinear damping is employed in the control design module, while the parameter projection algorithm is performed on the parameter estimation module. It is proved that the uniform boundedness of all closed‐loop system signals can be guaranteed with the proposed control scheme. The performance of the tracking error in the mean square sense with respect to the parameter variation rate is also established. Furthermore, perfect asymptotically tracking can be achieved when the varying rates of unknown parameters are in the space. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Switched Systems with Partial Actuator Faults
Authors: Liu Yonghui , Niu Yugang , Lam James , Zhang Baoyong 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis paper considers the sliding mode control for a class of uncertain switched systems with partial actuator faults. By employing a weighted sum of the input matrices, a common integral sliding surface is designed. Moreover, the exponential stability of the sliding mode dynamics is analyzed by adopting the multiple Lyapunov function method and the average dwell time strategy. It is shown that the state trajectory can be driven onto the proposed sliding surface despite the presence of parameter uncertainties, external disturbances, and actuator faults. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.