bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La traduction de la demande d'aide sociale : les cas du handicap et de l'insertion des jeunes
Authors: Bureau Marie-Christine , Rist Barbara , Lima Léa , Trombert Christophe 
Published: May 2013

Résumé	En accumulant des données sur deux dispositifs d’attribution des droits sociaux (aides aux jeunes et droits liés au handicap), nous examinons quel est le statut réservé au demandeur, puis les logiques bureaucratiques et morales qui président au tri des demandes par les acteurs des deux dispositifs. Nous nous interrogeons ensuite sur les marges de manœuvre effectives des usagers dans la co?construction de la demande ainsi que sur les façons dont s’élabore la connaissance des besoins auxquels il s’agit de répondre. Cette comparaison montre qu’il n’y a pas une, mais des « magistratures sociales », plus ou moins participatives, plus ou moins conditionnelles et discrétionnaires, selon le type de bénéficiaires.
« La démarche 276 » à l'aube d'une nouvelle réforme territoriale
Authors: Cogez Jean-Pascal , Rabaey Olivier 
Published: May 2013

Résumé	Modèle original de gouvernance politico?administrative territoriale expérimenté par la région Haute?Normandie et les départements de l’Eure et de Seine?Maritime, la démarche 276 est une coopération inter?collectivités innovante. Fondée sur une logique contractuelle, elle met en place des dispositifs harmonisés, semi?intégrés et intégrés prouvant que les modes de coordination de l’action régionale et départementale sont multiples et qu’il est possible de conjuguer rationalisation budgétaire et efficacité de l’action publique locale. A l’aube d’une nouvelle étape de la décentralisation, il semblait pertinent et utile de tirer les principaux enseignements de cette expérience.
La Modernisation de l'action publique (MAP) n'est pas la poursuite de la RGPP
Authors: Le Clainche Michel 
Published: May 2013

Résumé	Le gouvernement a relancé une nouvelle dynamique de réforme de l’État appelée « Modernisation de l’action publique » (MAP). Malgré le contexte financier toujours dominant, la MAP se distingue de la RGPP par son caractère plus global et sa méthode plus concertée. Les simplifications et l’évaluation des politiques publiques émergent parmi les divers sujets inclus dans cette démarche.
Smart Fields Management: in Deepwater Field: Experience & Perspectives
Authors: Udofia Emmanuel E , Oni Olatunbosun , Oghedegbe Ogbole , Chaker Abdul Samad 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Smart Fields is Shell's version of the digital oilfield and aims for continuous production optimisation of an asset or group of assets through the integration of people, tools and processes. Smart Fields solutions aim to provide an operating field the capabilities to optimise production in the short term and maximize lifecycle value in the long term. Smart Fields Foundation is the first building block towards smartness in an operating field and this solution was implemented first in sub-Sahara Africa for the Bonga Field (the first deepwater field in Nigeria) in April 2008. Recently the solution has been extended with the inclusion of the capability to continuously monitor water injection for pressure maintenance. This paper describes field experiences and perspectives on a Smart Fields Foundation implementation and the embedding journey for a deepwater field called Bonga and uses results of a post implementation study to evaluate the business impact after five years and lessons learnt around sustainability in the operate phase. The change that the solution has brought to Bonga has resulted in a new way of working where reduction in manual data entry, enhanced production monitoring & allocation and improved production system optimisation has been established. It is acknowledged that the Smart Fields way of working has delivered short term benefits but the goal is to sustain high performance levels and the recommendations from this paper could assist similar project implementation and embedding efforts elsewhere in the oil and gas industry.
Flow Assurance Impacts on Lean/Rich MEG Circuit Chemistry and MEG Regenerator/Reclaimer Design
Authors: Latta Thomas Michael , Seiersten Marion Elisabeth , Bufton Scott A 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The chemistry of the Lean and Rich monoethylene glycol (MEG) closed loop circuits is dictated by decisions made by the flow assurance design team. During the life of the gas reservoir both short term events (e.g., completion fluids) and long term events (e.g., corrosion control, scale inhibitors, hydrate inhibition, formation water flow) need to be considered, as well as their effects on the Lean/Rich MEG circuits which need to be confirmed through appropriate testing and simulation. The result of this flow assurance work and testing/simulation is to ensure that proper design criteria are established to minimize detrimental precipitation tendencies in the Lean/Rich MEG circuits and to provide criteria for the MEG regenerator/reclaimer design.
This paper is applicable to subsea gas wells using MEG for hydrate inhibition. The paper outlines a holistic approach, to ensure that the MEG regenerator/reclaimer is properly designed, by emphasizing that three key groups are involved, which are, the flow assurance group (wellhead chemistry), testing/simulation facility (corrosion program/precipitation study), and the hydrocarbons process group (processing facility/MEG regenerator and reclaimer design).
Each well has its own unique chemistry and injection chemicals. Previous work involving MEG injection for hydrate inhibition indicated the need to inform and involve the client regarding the necessity to consider all aspects of the flow assurance program and to ensure appropriate testing/simulation work is completed. This will confirm if any detrimental precipitation occurs in either Lean or Rich MEG circuits (especially if a MEG reclaimer bypass option is used to produce " salty" Lean MEG).
Effective communication and collaboration are required between the flow assurance and hydrocarbons process design teams, as well as the testing/simulation facility, to create a proper design package for the MEG regenerator and reclaimer units, that takes into consideration the chemistry of the Lean and Rich MEG circuits. Key items/actions that need to be considered during conceptual design and front end engineering are outlined. If precipitation tendencies are well understood then the MEG reclaimer design can be optimized to reduce footprint and weight which are key objectives for offshore platforms.
Best Practices for the Collection, Analysis, and Interpretation of Seabed Geochemical Samples To Evaluate Subsurface Hydrocarbon Generation and Entrapment
Authors: Abrams Michael 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The detection and measurement of migrated hydrocarbons in near-surface marine sediments is a relatively routine exploration method to investigate issues of hydrocarbon charge. The presence of near-surface migrated thermogenic hydrocarbons provides strong evidence that an active petroleum system is present, as well as critical information on source, maturity and migration pathways. There are multiple methods currently applied by industry to collect, prepare, extract, and analyze migrated hydrocarbons within near-surface marine sediments.
To improve the detection of seabed thermogenic hydrocarbon seepage, core samples should be collected along likely major migration pathways (cross stratal leakage features) identified by conventional deep seismic and high-resolution seafloor imaging technology. Real time imaging provides greater detail to confirm targeted features for more precise core targeting. Not all targeted cores will hit the designated feature and thus collecting replicates along major migration features is critical. Collecting sediment samples below the Zone of Maximum Disturbance (ZMD) to avoid possible transition zone alteration effects and recent organic matter (ROM) masking problems is critical. Choosing a coring device best suited for local seabed conditions will maximize both penetration and sediment recovery.
Multiple sections per core should be collected at variable depths providing a geochemistry profile. Geochemical analysis should include a full range of hydrocarbon types; hydrocarbon gases (C1 to C5), gasoline plus range hydrocarbons (C5 to C12), and high molecular weight hydrocarbons (C12+). Two types of geochemistry samples should be collected; one to capture the volatile light hydrocarbons (C1 to C12) and non-hydrocarbon gases; and a second for the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons (C12+). The light hydrocarbons require special handling and containers to limit volatile loss and prevent post sampling microbial alteration. Bulk sediment measurements such as quantity of organic matter and sand percent can provide additional important non geochemical information.
Identification of background versus anomalous populations is critical when evaluating sub-surface migrated seabed hydrocarbons. Sediment hydrocarbons are normally highly altered and may not resemble conventional reservoir oil. Novel petroleum related hydrocarbon compounds need to be examined to fully evaluate organic maturity and source facies.
Mapping thermogenic hydrocarbon seeps (oil and gas) relative to key cross-stratal migration pathways via fluid flow modeling and seismic attribute analysis provides an effective petroleum systems tool to better understand the near-surface petroleum relative to subsurface hydrocarbon generation and entrapment. Bear in mind not all surface geochemical surveys will result in the detection of statistically valid thermogenic hydrocarbon seepage.
Evolution of Subsea Boosting: A Review of Past and Present Projects
Authors: Solvik Nils A , Michaelsen Jarle , Luce Phillip 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
This paper will provide an introduction to the benefits of subsea boosting along with outlining a look back into the evolution of the technology development over the years. Furthermore, the paper will share an overview into the various Framo subsea boosting projects that have been completed throughout the last 25 years, totaling approximately 26 projects with 70 pumps being delivered within the major oil and gas regions around the globe.
The paper will highlight the evolution of the boosting technology from the first commercial subsea application to the latest emerging challenges presented in the complex, deep-water, high-pressure projects of the Gulf of Mexico, West Africa and Brazil.
Additional selected projects will be highlighted within the paper to provide a more detailed insight including the obstacles that have been faced along with lessons learned that were used to systematically improve the technology, safety and robustness of the designs.
In preparing for new challenges to come, the paper will demonstrate the steps that have been taken to lead the oil and gas industry in the development, qualification and installation of subsea boosting systems.

Introduction
Development of the first subsea boosting systems began 25 years ago with the intentions to provide cost effective solutions to enable accelerated and prolonged production plateaus to economically marginal subsea fields. Subsea boosting provided the ability to tieback fields to existing production facilities, opening up greater potential of field development.
Through further gains in subsea boosting the industry saw the world's first subsea multiphase pump installed on the Shell operated Draugen field in 1994. The pump boosted the production 9 km to the main platform from the " Rogn South" satellite field. It helped to successfully increase the production by an additional 5,000 bopd, showing the true evidence of the capability and advantages of using this type of technology.
With the increasing number of subsea boosting systems installed operators are once again stretching the current technology while striving for new developments. With increasing subsea field developments and tieback distances comes an increasing demand to realize the potential of the technology.
IL-2–Independent and TNF-α–Dependent Expansion of Vβ5+ Natural Regulatory T Cells during Retrovirus Infection
Authors: Myers Lara , Joedicke Jara J. , Carmody Aaron B. , Messer Ronald J. , Kassiotis George , Dudley Jaquelin P. , Dittmer Ulf , Hasenkrug Kim J. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Friend virus infection of mice induces the expansion and activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that dampen acute immune responses and promote the establishment and maintenance of chronic infection. Adoptive transfer experiments and the expression of neuropilin-1 indicate that these cells are predominantly natural Tregs rather than virus-specific conventional CD4+ T cells that converted into induced Tregs. Analysis of Treg TCR Vβ chain usage revealed a broadly distributed polyclonal response with a high proportionate expansion of the Vβ5+ Treg subset, which is known to be responsive to endogenous retrovirus-encoded superantigens. In contrast to the major population of Tregs, the Vβ5+ subset expressed markers of terminally differentiated effector cells, and their expansion was associated with the level of the antiviral CD8+ T cell response rather than the level of Friend virus infection. Surprisingly, the expansion and accumulation of the Vβ5+ Tregs was IL-2 independent but dependent on TNF-α. These experiments reveal a subset-specific Treg induction by a new pathway.
Increased Th17 Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment Is Mediated by IL-23 via Tumor-Secreted Prostaglandin E2
Authors: Qian Xuesong , Gu Ling , Ning Huan , Zhang Yanping , Hsueh Eddy C. , Fu Mingui , Hu Xiaoyu , Wei Lin , Hoft Daniel F. , Liu Jianguo 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Tumor cell–derived molecules such as cytokines and lipid mediators play a critical role in inducing chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. We found that Th17 cells were increased in the peripheral blood, spleen, and tumor tissues of mammary gland tumor-bearing mice. The Th17 cell survival factor, IL-23, was also overexpressed in tumor tissues isolated from mice and human breast cancer patients. Soluble molecules secreted from breast tumor cells, but not normal breast epithelial cells, induced IL-23 protein secretion in dendritic cells via induction of p19 mRNA expression. Our data further indicate that tumor-secreted PGE2 through EP2 and EP4 receptors enhanced IL-23 p19 gene transcription through binding to the cAMP-response element in the p19 promoter. Blocking PGE2 synthesis by NS398, a COX2 inhibitor, abrogated the enhancement of p19 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, blocking protein kinase A (PKA) by H89 completely abrogated the inductive effects of tumor-conditioned medium and PGE2 on p19 transcription, whereas the cAMP active analog, Forskolin, mimics the PGE2 effect. Taken together, our results indicate that tumor-secreted PGE2 induces IL-23, but not IL-12, production in the tumor microenvironment, leading to Th17 cell expansion. This inductive effect of PGE2 on IL-23 p19 transcription is mediated through cAMP/PKA signaling transduction pathway.
Artificial Placenta - Lung Assist Devices for Term and Preterm Newborns with Respiratory Failure
Authors: Rochow Niels , Chan Emily C. , Wu Wen-I , Selvaganapathy Ponnambalam R. , Fusch Gerhard , Berry Leslie , Brash John , Chan Anthony K. , Fusch Christoph 
Published: May 2013

Respiratory insufficiency is a major cause of neonatal mortality and long-term morbidity, especially in very low birth weight infants. Today, non-invasive and mechanical ventilation are commonly accepted procedures to provide respiratory support to newborns, but they can reach their limit of efficacy. To overcome this technological plateau and further reduce mortality rates, the technology of an “artificial placenta”, which is a pumpless lung assist device connected to the umbilical vessels, would serve to expand the therapeutic spectrum when mechanical ventilation becomes inadequate to treat neonates with severe respiratory insufficiency. The first attempts to create such an artificial placenta took place more than 60 years ago. However, there has been a recent renaissance of this concept, including developments of its major components like the oxygenator, vascular access via umbilical vessels, flow control, as well as methods to achieve hemocompatibility in extracorporeal circuits. This paper gives a review of past and current development, animal experiments and human case studies of artificial placenta technology.
On the Gold‐Catalyzed Intramolecular 7‐exo‐trig Hydroamination of Allenes
Authors: Pflästerer Daniel , Dolbundalchok Praphasiri , Rafique Shahid , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAniline derivatives with allene side tethers were tested as substrates for a gold‐catalyzed 7‐exo‐trig hydroamination reaction. The nucleophilicity of the aniline derivatives plays an important role for the outcome of the reaction. While electron‐deficient protecting groups at the nitrogen led to competing pathways like hydroarylation or an allene to diene isomerization, clean formation of the desired benzoxazepines was obtained with unprotected aniline derivatives.
Association of height and pubertal timing with lipoprotein subclass profile: Exploring the role of genetic and environmental effects
Authors: Jelenkovic Aline , Bogl Leonie H. , Rose Richard J. , Kangas Antti J. , Soininen Pasi , Ala‐Korpela Mika , Kaprio Jaakko , Silventoinen Karri 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesLittle is known about the relationship between growth and lipoprotein profile. We aimed to analyze common genetic and environmental factors in the association of height from late childhood to adulthood and pubertal timing with serum lipid and lipoprotein subclass profile.MethodsA longitudinal cohort of Finnish twin pairs (FinnTwin12) was analyzed using self‐reported height at 11–12, 14, 17 years and measured stature at adult age (21–24 years). Data were available for 719 individual twins including 298 complete pairs. Serum lipids and lipoprotein subclasses were measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Multivariate variance component models for twin data were fitted. Cholesky decomposition was used to partition the phenotypic covariation among traits into additive genetic and unique environmental correlations.ResultsIn men, the strongest associations for both adult height and puberty were observed with total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, intermediate‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein particle subclasses (max. r = −0.19). In women, the magnitude of the correlations was weaker (max. r = −0.13). Few associations were detected between height during adolescence and adult lipid profile. Early onset of puberty was related to an adverse lipid profile, but delayed pubertal development in girls was associated with an unfavorable profile, as well. All associations were mediated mainly by additive genetic factors, but unique environmental effects cannot be disregarded.ConclusionsEarly puberty and shorter adult height relate to higher concentrations of atherogenic lipids and lipoprotein particles in early adulthood. Common genetic effects behind these phenotypes substantially contribute to the observed associations. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 25:465–472, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Xq25 duplications encompassing GRIA3 and STAG2 genes in two families convey recognizable X‐linked intellectual disability with distinctive facial appearance
Authors: Philippe Anne , Malan Valérie , Jacquemont Marie‐Line , Boddaert Nathalie , Bonnefont Jean‐Paul , Odent Sylvie , Munnich Arnold , Colleaux Laurence , Cormier‐Daire Valérie 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe report here on two patients with Xq25 duplication encompassing GRIA3 gene, encoding glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA subunit 3. The first case of Xq25 duplication was identified using genome‐wide array comparative genomic hybridization (array‐CGH) in a 24‐year‐old patient with syndromic intellectual disability. Based on similar facial features, we clinically suspected a second case of Xq25 duplication in a 4‐year‐old boy with intellectual disabilty. This duplication was confirmed by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) of the GRIA3 gene, as well as by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and further refined by array‐CGH. We suggest that Xq25 duplication is responsible for a novel clinically recognizable X‐linked intellectual disability. Finally, the review of so far published Xq25 duplications support, in addition to the role of GRIA3 gene, a potential contribution of the duplication of STAG2 (Stromal Antigen 2) gene coding for the subunit SA1 of the cohesin complex in the clinical phenotype. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sleep disturbance as part of the neurofibromatosis type 1 phenotype in adults
Authors: Leschziner Guy D. , Golding John F. , Ferner Rosalie E. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant condition with a wide array of neurological complications, including cognitive dysfunction, tumors, malformations, neuropathy, neurovascular disease, and epilepsy. Many of these complications may impact on sleep quality and cause sleep disturbance. Previously sleep disturbance in NF1 has been specifically addressed solely in children. We performed a prospective study of sleep quality in 114 consecutive out‐patients with NF1 attending our national neurofibromatosis service. The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were administered, and information was obtained from patient records on drugs potentially impacting on sleep, complications directly affecting sleep and employment status. The mean ESS was 6.8, and 21% had an abnormally high ESS of 10 or more. The mean global PSQI score was 8.4 (norm mean 2.67), with abnormally high scores in all sleep domains. Thirty‐nine patients had a bed partner and 54% reported features suggestive of periodic limb movements of sleep, 43% had features suggestive of obstructive sleep apnoea, and 10.8% experienced confusion on waking. There was no evidence of phase shift. The ESS did not correlate with the PSQI, but unemployment status was associated with worse global PSQI score and multiple domain sub‐scales of sleep quality in the PSQI. We conclude that sleep disturbance and poor sleep quality are significantly more frequent in the adult NF1 patient population. It is likely to be multi‐factorial, related to pain, anxiety, depression, cognitive issues, and organic sleep pathology. We recommend careful assessment of patients to determine underlying triggers and possible treatment strategies. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.