bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Winning the Baldrige Award: How the Henry Ford Health System Undertook a Five‐Year Improvement Process
Authors: O'Reilly Gannon , Dziurman Brooke , Sprague Jordan , Witt Michael D. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHenry Ford Health Systems (HFHS) won the 2011 Baldrige Award, a major accomplishment. This achievement resulted from a systemwide focus on minimizing and controlling medical errors, a cultural shift to stimulate innovation and creative problem solving, and service excellence at every level. The five‐year effort centered on meeting Baldrige Award criteria, typically utilized in the for‐profit setting. When applied to the nonprofit sector, HFHS managed to reduce costs, reduce medication and treatment errors, introduce multiple creative clinical programs, and launch a new Ritz Carlton‐quality, hotel‐style service.
Sonographic assessment of fetal secondary palate between 12 and 16 weeks of gestation using three‐dimensional ultrasound
Authors: Zajicek Michal , Achiron Reuven , Weisz Boaz , Shrim Alon , Gindes Liat 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate fetal secondary palate in fetuses at 12 to 16 weeks' gestation by three‐dimensional ultrasound.MethodsBetween June 2006 and July 2008, volumes of palate were prospectively acquired in fetuses at gestational age of 12 to 16 weeks. Acquisition was performed when the fetus was facing the transducer with head extended at an angle of 30° to 40° to the ultrasound beam. Secondary palate was assessed off‐line.ResultsSecondary palate was assessed in 45 fetuses with normal face anatomy and 4 fetuses with malformations of the face (one with retrognathia, one with retrognathia and micrognathia, one with cleft lip and one with cleft lip and primary palate). The secondary palate was visualized in 19/49 (38.7%) fetuses: in 2/49, only hard palate was demonstrated; in 6/49, only soft palate and in 11/49, both hard and soft palate were fully demonstrated.ConclusionInformation concerning evenness of secondary palate may be provided by three‐dimensional ultrasound in 38.7% of examined fetuses at 12 to 16 weeks of gestation. This examination should be offered in pregnancies at high risk for cleft palate. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synergistic effect of three‐dimensional multi‐walled carbon nanotube–graphene nanofiller in enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of high‐performance silicone rubber
Authors: Pradhan Bratati , Srivastava Suneel Kumar 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe homogeneous dispersion of nanofillers and filler–matrix interfacial interactions are important factors in the development of high‐performance polymer materials for various applications. In the present work, a simple solution‐mixing method was used to prepare multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)–graphene (G) (3:1, 1:1, 1:3) hybrids followed by their characterization through wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. Subsequently, MWCNT–G (1:1) hybrid was used as reinforcing filler in the formation of silicone rubber (VMQ) nanocomposites by solution intercalation, and their morphology and properties were investigated. Our findings showed that MWCNT–G (0.75 wt%)/VMQ composite exhibited significant improvements in tensile strength (110%) and Young's modulus (137%) compared to neat VMQ. The thermal stability of MWCNT–G (1 wt%)/VMQ was maximally improved by 154 °C compared to neat VMQ. Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated the maximum improvement of glass transition temperature (4 °C), crystallization temperature (8 °C) and melting temperature (5 °C) for MWCNT–G (1 wt%)/VMQ nanocomposite with respect to neat VMQ. Swelling measurements confirmed that the crosslink density and solvent resistance were a maximum for hybrid nanocomposites. Such improvements in the properties of MWCNT–G/VMQ nanocomposites could be attributed to a synergistic effect of the hybrid filler. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Patterning of organic photovoltaic modules by ultrafast laser
Authors: Kubis Peter , Li Ning , Stubhan Tobias , Machui Florian , Matt Gebhard J. , Voigt Monika M. , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we demonstrate that laser patterning of organic solar cells by ultrafast laser systems (pulse length <350 fs) is an attractive process to produce photovoltaic modules with outstanding high geometric fill factors. Moreover, in terms of precision, registration, and debris generation and in terms of keeping the damage to the underneath layers at a minimum, ultrafast laser patterning with a pulse length of few hundreds of femtoseconds turns out to yield superior results. Ablation of all three different solar cell layers (electrodes (P1 and P3) and interfaces and semiconductor (P2)) is achieved with a single wavelength simply by a precise adjustment of the laser fluence and the patterning overlap. Camera positioning allows a precise registration between the various processing steps and a reduction of the width of the overall interconnection regime to the hundreds of micrometers dimension, resulting in high geometrical fill factors of over 90% for monolithically interconnected organic solar cell modules. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mesoporous silica particles grafted with poly(ethyleneoxide‐block‐N‐vinylcaprolactam)
Authors: Karesoja Mikko , McKee Jason , Karjalainen Erno , Hietala Sami , Bergman Lotta , Linden Mika , Tenhu Heikki 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTMesoporous silica particles were grafted with thermoresponsive poly(ethyleneoxide‐b‐N‐vinylcaprolactam), PEO‐b‐PVCL. N‐vinylcaprolactam was first polymerized on particle surfaces using surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) and then, the poly(ethyleneoxide) blocks were attached to the PVCL chain ends with click chemistry. The sizes, thermoresponsiviness, and colloidal stability of SiO2‐PVCL and SiO2‐PVCL‐b‐PEO particles and their aqueous dispersions were studied by scanning electron microscopy, turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering, zeta sizer, and microcalorimetry. The phase separation temperature of the PEO‐b‐PVCL grafted particles did not considerably differ from that of the SiO2‐PVCL particles. The zeta potential of the grafted particles was close to zero at room temperature but decreased strongly upon heating. The decrease is related to the collapse of the PVCL blocks and correspondingly, the exposure of the silica surface toward the aqueous phase. The colloidal stability of the particles could be enhanced by adding PEO blocks to the chain ends of the PVCL grafts. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5012–5020
Synthesis and characterization of thermally crosslinkable hole‐transporting polymers for PLEDs
Authors: Park Sang‐Mi , Yook Kyoung‐Soo , Lee Woo‐Hyung , Hong Yongtaek , Lee Jun‐Yeob , Kang In‐Nam 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTTwo new thermally crosslinkable hole‐transporting polymers, X‐PTPA and X‐PCz, were synthesized via Yamamoto coupling reactions. The number‐averaged molecular weights (Mn) of X‐PTPA and X‐PCz were found to be 45,000 and 48,000, respectively, and therewith, polydispersity indices were of 1.8 and 1.7, respectively. Thermally crosslinked X‐PTPA and X‐PCz exhibit excellent solvent resistance and stable optoelectronic properties. The UV–visible maximum absorption peaks of X‐PTPA and X‐PCz in the thin film state are at 389 and 322 nm, respectively. The HOMO levels of X‐PTPA and X‐PCz are estimated to be −5.27 and −5.39 eV, respectively. Multilayered devices (ITO/crosslinked X‐PTPA or X‐PCz/SY‐PPV/LiF/Al) were fabricated with SY (SuperYellow) as the emitting layer. The maximum efficiency of the multilayered device with a crosslinked X‐PTPA layer is approximately three times higher than that of the device without a crosslinked X‐PTPA layer and much higher than that of the crosslinked X‐PCz device. This result can be explained by the observations that crosslinked X‐PTPA produces increased electron accumulation within the emitter, SY, and also efficient exciton formation due to improved charge balance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5111–5117
Is digoxin use for cardiovascular disease associated with risk of prostate cancer?
Authors: Wright Jonathan L. , Hansten Philip D. , Stanford Janet L. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPURPOSEDigoxin is a commonly used medication for heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias that has recently been suggested as a novel chemotherapeutic agent. Preclinical studies of prostate cancer (PCa) have shown anti‐tumor activity with digoxin. We explore the relationship between use of digoxin and PCa risk.METHODSData from a population‐based case–control study of incident cases aged 35–74 years at PCa diagnosis in 2002–2005 in King County, Washington were available. Controls were identified by random digit dialing and frequency matched by age. Use of digoxin was determined from in‐person questionnaires regarding medical and prescription history. The relationship of digoxin use with PCa risk was evaluated with logistic regression.RESULTSOne thousand one cases of PCa and 942 controls were analyzed. The prevalence of digoxin use in controls was 2.7%, and use was positively correlated with age. In multivariate analysis adjusting for age, race, PSA screening, and family history of PCa, digoxin use was associated with a reduction in the odds ratio of PCa (OR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.30–1.10). Among those with ≥3 PSA tests over the preceding 5 years (546 cases, 380 controls), digoxin use was associated with a stronger reduction of PCa risk (OR 0.44, 95% CI: 0.20–0.98).CONCLUSIONThese data indicate digoxin use may be associated with a reduction in risk of PCa. Given the potential mechanisms by which digoxin may exert an anti‐neoplastic effect and other recent studies showing a negative association between digoxin use and PCa, further research is warranted. Prostate 74:97–102, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toxicity associated with repeated administration of artemether–lumefantrine in rats
Authors: Owumi Solomon E. , Gbadegesin Michael A. , Odunola Oyeronke A. , Adegoke Ayodeji M. , Uwaifo Anthony O. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTChemotherapy remains an important approach in the fight against malaria. Artemether–lumefantrine combination is widely in use due to its effectiveness against Plasmodium falciparum. Misuse in the form of multiple repeated doses of this anti‐malaria drug is rampant in Nigeria. This study was designed to assess the hepatotoxic and clastogenic potential of extreme misuse of artemether–lumefantrine in rats. Graded doses of artemether–lumefantrine (1–5 mg/kg body weight) were administered by oral gavage for 6 weeks, twice daily, for 3 consecutive days per week. Artemether–lumefantrine, at all doses, did not have significant effects on the body and relative liver weight of treated group compared to the negative control group. The mean γ‐glutamyltransferase, alanine, and aspartate aminotransaminase activity in groups of artemether–lumefantrine treated rats were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the negative control group indicating that repeated administration of artemether–lumefantrine may be hepatotoxic. Findings from histological analyses of liver cross‐section support the enzyme pattern of hepatoxicity. In addition, the drug, at all experimental doses, significantly induced (p < 0.05) formation of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow cells of the treated rats compared with the negative control indicating clastogenic potential of the drug when misused. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 301–307, 2015.
CaRch1p does not functionally interact with the high‐affinity Ca2+ influx system (HACS) of Candida albicans
Authors: Alber Joerg , Jiang Linghuo , Geyer Joachim 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe plasma membrane protein CaRch1p of Candida albicans, homologous to the human solute carrier protein SLC10A7, is involved in the regulation of calcium homeostasis. C. albicans cells lacking CaRCH1 are hypersensitive to high extracellular Ca2+ concentrations and show increased tolerance to ketoconazole (KCZ). We assume a higher basal Ca2+ influx in the rch1/rch1 mutant strain at low extracellular Ca2+ concentrations, which is not detrimental to C. albicans cells but may be sufficient to activate calcineurin, finally resulting in an increased tolerance to KCZ. However, at 8 µg/ml KCZ plus 3 mm Ca2+ the rch1/rch1 mutant and the wild‐type strains showed identical growth. By further increasing the Ca2+ concentration to 30 mm, this phenotype was completely reversed and the rch1/rch1 mutant strain became extremely sensitive to 8 µg/ml KCZ, probably due to synergistic toxic effects of Ca2+ and KCZ under these conditions. Furthermore, we aimed to clarify whether CaRch1p interacts with the Cch1p component of the voltage‐gated calcium influx channel Cch1p/Mid1p in C. albicans cells. As disruption of the two alleles of CCH1 in the rch1/rch1 mutant strain did not alter its hypersensitivity to high extracellular Ca2+, and as this phenotype was completely abolished by low amounts of Mg2+ in the rch1/rch1 mutant as well as in the cch1/cch1 rch1/rch1 double mutant, we conclude that CaRch1p is a functional component of the low‐affinity calcium uptake system (LACS) system and does not functionally interact with Cch1p. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Airborne Bacterial Populations Above Desert Soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
Authors: Bottos Eric M. , Woo Anthony C. , Zawar-Reza Peyman , Pointing Stephen B. , Cary Stephen C. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Bacteria are assumed to disperse widely via aerosolized transport due to their small size and resilience. The question of microbial endemicity in isolated populations is directly related to the level of airborne exogenous inputs, yet this has proven hard to identify. The ice-free terrestrial ecosystem of Antarctica, a geographically and climatically isolated continent, was used to interrogate microbial bio-aerosols in relation to the surrounding ecology and climate. High-throughput sequencing of bacterial ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes was combined with analyses of climate patterns during an austral summer. In general terms, the aerosols were dominated by Firmicutes, whereas surrounding soils supported Actinobacteria-dominated communities. The most abundant taxa were also common to aerosols from other continents, suggesting that a distinct bio-aerosol community is widely dispersed. No evidence for significant marine input to bio-aerosols was found at this maritime valley site, instead local influence was largely from nearby volcanic sources. Back trajectory analysis revealed transport of incoming regional air masses across the Antarctic Plateau, and this is envisaged as a strong selective force. It is postulated that local soil microbial dispersal occurs largely via stochastic mobilization of mineral soil particulates.
Implementation of the sludge biotic index in a petrochemical WWTP in Brazil: improving operational control with traditional methods
Authors: Leal Ana Lusia , Dalzochio Marina Schmidt , Flores Tatiane Strogulski , de Alves Aline Scherer , Macedo Julio Cesar , Valiati Victor Hugo 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Microbiological analysis of activated sludge is an important tool for monitoring wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The utilization of the sludge biotic index (SBI) provides helpful information in examining the quality of biological treatment process and has been tested for several different systems. Although its utilization has been increasing, it is still not widespread, especially in Brazil. Also, its applicability has been considered limited for some particular systems. Thus, it becomes important to evaluate the relations among operational and biological parameters of each WWTP in order to characterize the system and its variations. In this work, microscopic analysis were performed once a week for 1 year (n = 54) and the results were compared to the physicochemical, operational parameters and efficiency of the plant along the period. The four seasons were comprised and analyzed, as we cannot neglect the influence of environmental changes in this subtropical region. Not only had we found a strong influence of the evaluated parameters on the structure of the biological community but there is also a good correspondence of SBI with the performance of the WWTP. More importantly, including microscopic analysis in the operational routine made it possible to notice even the slightest changes in the biological community that were not enough to diminish the SBI classification of the sludge, but were satisfactorily informative to show in advance to operators when to take corrective actions about an increase of COD and BOD in the influent and when it was necessary to discard the exceeding sludge.
A proof of the Kuramoto conjecture for a bifurcation structure of the infinite-dimensional Kuramoto model
Authors: CHIBA HAYATO 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Kuramoto model is a system of ordinary differential equations for describing synchronization phenomena defined as coupled phase oscillators. In this paper, a bifurcation structure of the infinite-dimensional Kuramoto model is investigated. A purpose here is to prove the bifurcation diagram of the model conjectured by Kuramoto in 1984; if the coupling strength $K$ between oscillators, which is a parameter of the system, is smaller than some threshold ${K}_{c} $, the de-synchronous state (trivial steady state) is asymptotically stable, while if $K$ exceeds ${K}_{c} $, a non-trivial stable solution, which corresponds to the synchronization, bifurcates from the de-synchronous state. One of the difficulties in proving the conjecture is that a certain non-selfadjoint linear operator, which defines a linear part of the Kuramoto model, has the continuous spectrum on the imaginary axis. Hence, the standard spectral theory is not applicable to prove a bifurcation as well as the asymptotic stability of the steady state. In this paper, the spectral theory on a space of generalized functions is developed with the aid of a rigged Hilbert space to avoid the continuous spectrum on the imaginary axis. Although the linear operator has an unbounded continuous spectrum on a Hilbert space, it is shown that it admits a spectral decomposition consisting of a countable number of eigenfunctions on a space of generalized functions. The semigroup generated by the linear operator will be estimated with the aid of the spectral theory on a rigged Hilbert space to prove the linear stability of the steady state of the system. The center manifold theory is also developed on a space of generalized functions. It is proved that there exists a finite-dimensional center manifold on a space of generalized functions, while a center manifold on a Hilbert space is of infinite dimension because of the continuous spectrum on the imaginary axis. These results are applied to the stability and bifurcation theory of the Kuramoto model to obtain a bifurcation diagram conjectured by Kuramoto.
K-theory and mapping spaces: an appendix to “Equivariant semi-topological K-homology and a theorem of Thomason”
Authors: Østvær Paul Arne 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe discuss a geometric model for equivariant algebraic K-theory of quasiprojective varieties. This is inspired by and extends earlier work of Grayson-Walker on algebraic K-theory and related theories. Our main result is used by Hornbostel-Heller in their work on equivariant semi-topological K-homology and a theorem of Thomason.
Genotypic relationships betweenTaenia saginata, Taenia asiaticaand their hybrids
Authors: YAMANE KANAKO , YANAGIDA TETSUYA , LI TIAOYING , CHEN XINGWANG , DEKUMYOY PARON , WAIKAGUL JITRA , NKOUAWA AGATHE , NAKAO MINORU , SAKO YASUHITO , ITO AKIRA , SATO HIROSHI , OKAMOTO MUNEHIRO 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYPartial sequences of the DNA polymerase delta (pold) gene fromTaenia saginata-like adult worms were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed thatpoldgene sequences were clearly divided into two clades, differing from each other in five to seven nucleotides. There is little doubt thatT. saginataandTaenia asiaticawere once separated into two distinct taxa as has been concluded in previous studies. On the other hand, most of the adult worms, which were identified asT. asiaticausing mitochondrial DNA, were homozygous for an allele that originated from the allele ofT. saginatavia single nucleotide substitution. These results indicate that most of the adult worms, which had been calledT. asiatica, are not actually ‘pureT. asiatica’ but instead originated from the hybridization of ‘pureT. saginata’ and ‘pureT. asiatica’.
The Folk-Lore of a Turkish Labour Battalion
Authors: Welch F. B. 
Published: October 2013

For over a year I had charge of a Labour Battalion of Turks in the Struma valley in Macedonia. They were chiefly recruited from two villages in the hills west of the river. In the course of conversation with them I naturally discovered a good many items of their beliefs, which I jotted down from time to time; this does not claim, however, to be a scientific record.Most of the details were supplied to me by a young Turk named Ali Mustafa, from a small village called Cherkess Keui near the Struma. His grandfather, like so many other Circassians, had left the Caucasus after the Russo-Turkish war, and had been planted by the Government in one of the many new villages which were formed for these immigrants. This particular village was very unhealthy, and in consequence there were only three of the original families left.
A British Officer on Active Service, 1799
Authors: Wace A. J. B. 
Published: October 2013

The letters here published were written by Major John Finlay R.E. to his wife during his absence on active service in the Netherlands in 1799 and form part of the Finlay papers preserved with the library of his son George Finlay, the Philhellene and Historian, in the British School at Athens.John Finlay was the eldest of the numerous family of James Finlay, merchant and manufacturer, of Argyle Street, Glasgow, and of Abigail Wharry his wife. He was born there in 1757 on September 18th, and entered Glasgow University as a student in 1770. Later he adopted the army as his profession and received his commission in the Royal Engineers on May 25th, 1790. He served in the West Indies, and among his papers are some sketches made there and dedicated to his patron the Duke of Richmond, then Master General of the Ordnance, as well as plans for attacking various places held by the enemy in America, including Buenos Ayres.
Introduction
Authors: Myres John L. 
Published: October 2013

The remote date of the researches here described needs a word of explanation and apology.In the latter part of the year 1913 the Committee of the Cyprus Museum received a Government grant for the purpose of exploratory work on sites selected to illustrate principal periods and aspects of antiquity, and to provide the basis for estimates of the value and the cost of operations on a larger scale. I accepted the invitation of the Committee to supervise this project, and to give to my former pupil at Oxford, Mr. Menelaos Markides, then Keeper of the Cyprus Museum, the personal introduction to field work which might enable him to continue such excavations, on a modest scale, on his own responsibility. As there was some prospect of finding human remains, I obtained from the British Association for the Advancement of Science a small grant to meet the expenses of another friend and pupil, the late Leonard H. D. Buxton of Exeter College, Oxford, who held the Oxford Diploma in Anthropology, and had been engaged in anthropometric work in the excavations of Sir Henry Wellcome at Jebel Moya in the Sudan.