bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic Therapy for Patients With Advanced Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Giordano Sharon H. , Temin Sarah , Kirshner Jeffrey J. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Crews Jennie R. , Davidson Nancy E. , Esteva Francisco J. , Gonzalez-Angulo Ana M. , Krop Ian , Levinson Jennifer , Lin Nancy U. , Modi Shanu , Patt Debra A. , Perez Edith A. , Perlmutter Jane , Ramakrishna Naren , Winer Eric P. 
Published: May 2014

Purpose To provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing oncologists and others on systemic therapy for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive advanced breast cancer. Methods The American Society of Clinical Oncology convened a panel of medical oncology, radiation oncology, guideline implementation, and advocacy experts and conducted a systematic literature review from January 2009 to October 2012. Outcomes of interest included overall survival, progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events. Results A total of 16 trials met the systematic review criteria. The CLEOPATRA trial found survival and PFS benefits for docetaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab in first-line treatment, and the EMILIA trial found survival and PFS benefits for trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in second-line treatment. T-DM1 also showed a third-line PFS benefit. One trial reported on duration of HER2-targeted therapy, and three others reported on endocrine therapy for patients with HER-positive advanced breast cancer. Recommendations HER2-targeted therapy is recommended for patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer, except for those with clinical congestive heart failure or significantly compromised left ventricular ejection fraction, who should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and taxane for first-line treatment and T-DM1 for second-line treatment are recommended. In the third-line setting, clinicians should offer other HER2-targeted therapy combinations or T-DM1 (if not previously administered) and may offer pertuzumab, if the patient has not previously received it. Optimal duration of chemotherapy is at least 4 to 6 months or until maximum response, depending on toxicity and in the absence of progression. HER2-targeted therapy can continue until time of progression or unacceptable toxicities. For patients with HER2-positive and estrogen receptor–positive/progesterone receptor–positive breast cancer, clinicians may recommend either standard first-line therapy or, for selected patients, endocrine therapy plus HER2-targeted therapy or endocrine therapy alone.
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Conventional Versus Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Within an Enhanced Recovery Programme: EnROL
Authors: Kennedy Robin H. , Francis E. Anne , Wharton Rose , Blazeby Jane M. , Quirke Philip , West Nicholas P. , Dutton Susan J. 
Published: May 2014

Purpose Laparoscopic resection and a multimodal approach known as an enhanced recovery program (ERP) have been major changes in colorectal perioperative care that have improved clinical outcomes for colorectal cancer resection. EnROL (Enhanced Recovery Open Versus Laparoscopic) is a multicenter randomized controlled trial examining whether the benefits of laparoscopy still exist when open surgery is optimized within an ERP. Patients and Methods Adults with colorectal cancer suitable for elective resection were randomly assigned at a ratio of 1:1 to laparoscopic or open surgery within an ERP, stratified by center, cancer site (colon v rectum), and age group (< 66 v 66-75 v > 75 years) using minimization. The primary outcome was physical fatigue at 1 month postsurgery. Secondary outcomes included hospital stay, complications, other patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and physical function. Patients and outcome assessors were blinded until 7 days postsurgery or discharge if earlier. Central independent and blinded pathologic assessment of surgical quality was undertaken. Results A total of 204 patients (laparoscopy, n = 103; open surgery, n = 101) were recruited from 12 UK centers from July 2008 to April 2012. One-month physical fatigue scores were similar in both groups (mean: laparoscopy, 12.28; 95% CI, 11.37 to 13.19 v open surgery, 12.05; 95% CI, 11.14 to 12.96; adjusted mean difference, −0.23; 95% CI, −1.52 to 1.07). Median total hospital stay was significantly shorter after laparoscopic surgery (median: laparoscopy, 5; interquartile range [IQR], 4 to 9 v open surgery, 7; IQR, 5 to 11 days; P = .033). There were no differences in other secondary outcomes or in specimen quality after central pathologic review. Conclusion In patients treated by experienced surgeons within an ERP, physical fatigue and other PROs were similar in both groups, but laparoscopic surgery significantly reduced length of hospital stay.
Na Face das Ondas: Coordenadas sobre Literatura no Ecrã
Authors: Maduro Daniela Côrtes 
Published: May 2014

Recensão de Miguel Rettenmaier e Tania Rösing (Org.) Questões de literatura na tela. Passo Fundo, Editora Universidade de Passo Fundo, 2010, 273 pp. ISBN P78-85-7515-725-1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-1_14
Porquê Editar a Marginalia Pessoana?
Authors: Estibeira Maria do Céu 
Published: May 2014

A edição da marginalia de Fernando Pessoa (considerada por muitos como um segundo espólio) assume-se como imprescindível no universo dos estudos pessoanos, podendo ser considerada como uma extensão da sua produção literária, ao mesmo tempo que é reveladora do seu “work-in-progress” enquanto poeta e ensaísta. O presente artigo pretende dar a conhecer algumas das especificidades da marginalia incluída na Biblioteca Particular de Fernando Pessoa, bem como apresentar algumas problemáticas e dificuldades inerentes à sua edição.
AbstractThe edition of Fernando Pessoa’s marginalia (considered by many as an additional literary estate) is very important in the universe of Pessoa’s criticism, as it can be part of the poet’s literary production, as well as revealing the poet’s “work in progress” as creator and critic. This article intends to present some details of the marginalia in the books that belonged to Fernando Pessoa’s Private Library. It also discusses the editorial difficulties and problems raised by the different types of marginalia.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1_1_4
Estranhamentos: Materialidades da Escrita na Viena de 1900
Authors: Ribeiro António Sousa 
Published: May 2014

A partir de um conceito amplo de materialidades, percorrem-se alguns aspetos da modernidade vienense com vista a pôr em relevo dimensões da prática da escrita que oferecem paralelismos relevantes com a obra de Fernando Pessoa. AbstractUsing a broad notion of materialities, the article touches upon some aspects of Viennese modernity with the aim of highlighting several dimensions of the practice of writing that offer relevant parallels to the work of Fernando Pessoa. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-1_8
Electric Properties of Mg-substituted Lithium Iron Spinel
Authors: Kaykan L.S. , Gasyuk I.M. , Ugorchuk V.V. , Kaykan J.S. , Sichka M.Y. 
Published: May 2014

The paper deals with the issue of compiling the Southwestern dialect dictionaries. A survey of the history of the dialect dictionaries from the mid-nineteenth century to the present is given. The scientific background and principles of compiling the dictionaries in question are analyzed. Special attention is given to dictionary register, dictionary entry structure, description of semantic properties of registered words, illustrative material, word passport.
It has been established that many aspects of the Hutsul dialects are reflected in different lexicographical works, though a big academic dictionary still needs to be written. There exist big differential dictionaries of the Boyko, Bukovynian, Upper Dniestrian dialects. The Transcarpathian and Lemko dialects are less closely studied in this respect. There have been carried out some lexicographical studies of the Podillian, Pokuttian, Southern Volynian dialects and the dialects of the Sian river basin; further research is certainly needed to provide a firm basis for compiling dictionaries of these dialects.
Nonsynonymous Substitution Rate Heterogeneity in the Peptide-Binding Region Among DifferentHLA-DRB1Lineages in Humans
Authors: Yasukochi Yoshiki , Satta Yoko 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAn extraordinary diversity of amino acid sequences in the peptide-binding region (PBR) of human leukocyte antigen [HLA; human major histocompatibility complex (MHC)] molecules has been maintained by balancing selection. The process of accumulation of amino acid diversity in the PBR for six HLA genes (HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1, and DPB1) shows that the number of amino acid substitutions in the PBR among alleles does not linearly correlate with the divergence time of alleles at the six HLA loci. At these loci, some pairs of alleles show significantly less nonsynonymous substitutions at the PBR than expected from the divergence time. The same phenomenon was observed not only in the HLA but also in the rat MHC. To identify the cause for this, DRB1 sequences, a representative case of a typical nonlinear pattern of substitutions, were examined. When the amino acid substitutions in the PBR were placed with maximum parsimony on a maximum likelihood tree based on the non-PBR substitutions, heterogeneous rates of nonsynonymous substitutions in the PBR were observed on several branches. A computer simulation supported the hypothesis that allelic pairs with low PBR substitution rates were responsible for the stagnation of accumulation of PBR nonsynonymous substitutions. From these observations, we conclude that the nonsynonymous substitution rate at the PBR sites is not constant among the allelic lineages. The deceleration of the rate may be caused by the coexistence of certain pathogens for a substantially long time during HLA evolution.
Prevention of Dental Caries in Children From Birth Through Age 5 Years: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Moyer Virginia A. 
Published: May 2014

DESCRIPTION:
Update of the 2004 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on prevention of dental caries in preschool-aged children.

METHODS:
The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on prevention of dental caries by primary care clinicians in children 5 years and younger, focusing on screening for caries, assessment of risk for future caries, and the effectiveness of various interventions that have possible benefits in preventing caries.

POPULATION:
This recommendation applies to children age 5 years and younger.

RECOMMENDATION:
The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians prescribe oral fluoride supplementation starting at age 6 months for children whose water supply is deficient in fluoride. (B recommendation) The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians apply fluoride varnish to the primary teeth of all infants and children starting at the age of primary tooth eruption. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening examinations for dental caries performed by primary care clinicians in children from birth to age 5 years. (I Statement)
Synthesis of CaMn2O4-related electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution electrode of water-splitting
Authors: Taki Yuya , Tan Zhenquan , Ohara Satoshi , Itoh Takashi , Nakano Yoshiaki , Fujii Katsushi , Sugiyama Masakazu 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTWater-splitting by using electric power produced by solar cells is promising system to produce hydrogen without fossil fuels. Oxygen evolving catalyst is, however, major problem to prevent using this system widely because precious materials are used in the catalyst. Considering from the photosynthesis II of plants, the compound of Ca-Mn-O is one of the candidates for the oxygen evolving catalyst. In this study, the synthesis condition and the oxygen evolving electrocatalytic activity of CaMn2O4•xH2O are investigated. The overpotential at 0.1 mA/cm2 was 0.28 V when using the electrode of carbon paste and CaMn2O4•H2O with the weight ratio of 3:1.
DNA molecules site-specific immobilization and their applications
Authors: Zhang Xiaoning , Hu Hongmei 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In addition to its role as a carrier of genetic information, DNA has been recognized as a construction material for the assembly of different objects and structural arrangements with nanoscale features. As a result of DNA’s self-recognition properties (based on the specific base-pairing of G-C and T-A), monolayer films of nucleic acids on solid supports have attracted an escalating attentions. Recently, numerous novel materials based on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) DNA structures have been reported, which extends their utility to a large number of appliations. This review paper intends to be a new and comprehensive overview of recent strategies to site-specifically immobilized DNA on various materials, including carbonaceous substances, gold, and silica substrate, emphasizing the applications of site-specific DNA nanostructure-based devices for diagnostic, bioanalytical, food safety and environmental monitoring. Additionally, an up-to-date perspective is proposed at the end of this review.
Chemical and technological characterization of medieval glass bracelets from South-East Bulgaria
Authors: Georgieva Ralitsa , Detcheva Albena , Dimitriev Yanko 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The present paper deals with chemical and physicochemical characterization of seven glass fragments of medieval glass bracelets from South-East Bulgaria. Samples were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Gravimetric chemical analysis was used for silica assessment. Flame photometry was applied to determine sodium and potassium content while aluminium, calcium and magnesium were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after dissolution using a mixture of acids. All investigated artefacts are soda-lime-silica glasses and when produced two different recipe norms were used. Important technological parameters of glass manufacturing were determined and discussed. This investigation throws light on the technological development and production of glass during medieval times.
Application of positron spectroscopy for investigation of threshold space of oil-gas rocks
Authors: Arefyev Konstantin , Grafutin Victor , Prokopyev Evgeny , Lider Andrey , Laptev Roman , Bordulev Yury 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This article considers the possibility of applying the positron annihilation spectroscopy method for investigating the pore space of rocks from oil-gas and methane-coal deposits. The diagnostics of the structure was performed using the method of spectrometry of angular correlation of annihilation rays (ACAR). Using the samples of porous silicon, the authors have shown the applicability of the ACAR method for determination of the average dimensions of spherical and cylindrical nanosized objects and their concentration
Occurrence of 2-phenylphenol in food paper packages
Authors: Votavová Lenka , Hanušová Kristýna , Vápenka Lukáš , Dobiáš Jaroslav , Kvasnička František 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Twenty three paper based packaging materials commercially used for food packaging in the Czech Republic were analysed with regard to 2-phenylphenol (OPP) content using HPLC technique with fluorimetric detection. The HPLC method was modified with the aim to increase its sensitivity. OPP was detected in quantities ranging from 10 mg kg−1 to 527 mg kg−1 in twenty tested samples. The level of OPP in packaging materials was in close correlation to the content of recycled pulp in used paper material. The migration of OPP from two packaging materials comprised of paperboard coated with low density polyethylene (LDPE) into food simulants was determined at 40°C for 10 days. The levels of migration into 3% acetic acid, 10% ethanol and olive oil were below the limit of detection of used analytical procedure. In the case of 95% ethanol, 13% and 21% of OPP present in tested samples were transferred into simulant. The found occurrence of OPP in paper packages does not pose any significant safety risk for food consumer, but OPP could be considered as wide spread contaminant in paper materials.
Influence of sintering temperature on secondary phases formation and microwave dielectric properties of Ca2Ce2Ti5O16 ceramics
Authors: Manan Abdul , Khan Sami , Qazi Ibrahim 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Ca2Ce2Ti5O16 dielectric ceramics prepared by conventional solid-state ceramic route was investigated. Phase composition and microwave dielectric properties were measured using XRD and Vector network analyzer, respectively. XRD analysis of the calcined and sintered samples revealed the formation of CeO2 and another unidentified phase (that vanished at ≥ 1400 °C) as secondary phases along with the parent Ca2Ce2Ti5O16 phase. The amount of the parent Ca2Ce2Ti5O16 phase increased with increasing sintering temperature from 1350 °C to 1450 °C accompanied by a decrease in the apparent density. The density decreased but ɛr and Qu f
o increased with sintering temperature. An er ~ 81.5, Qu fo ~5915 GHz and t f ~ 219 GHz were
achieved for the sample sintered at 1450 °C.
Preparation of vertically aligned ZnO crystal rods in aqueous solution at external electric field
Authors: Prijamboedi B. , Maryanti E. , Haryati T. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In this study, an external electric field was used to facilitate the growth of vertically aligned ZnO crystal rods on the surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates in an aqueous solution. We used Zn(NO3) and C6H12N4 as precursor and reagent. We found that the external electric field generated by DC potential of 5 kV between two electrodes that were placed outside the bottle could facilitate the growth of homogeneous, high density and vertically aligned ZnO crystal rods. Position of the substrate during the growth of crystal was found to be important to obtain well aligned crystal. The crystals that were grown near the negative electrode had the best properties. Photoluminescence measurement at room temperature revealed sharp peaks at around 360 and 380 nm and a broad peak around 420 nm that indicated good properties of ZnO crystals grown with external electric field.
Non-replaced Mandibular First Molars and Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction
Authors: Gupta SK , Pratibha PK , Bhat KM , Mutalik S , Guddattu V 
Published: May 2014

Background: Mandibular first molars serve as key teeth of occlusion. Non replacement of these teeth may affect stability of the dentition and have long term effects on the Temperomandibular joint. The purpose of this study was to observe the association between nonreplaced mandibular molars and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD). Methods: A total of 174 patients, both male and female with missing mandibular first molars, were included in the study. The changes due to non-replacement of mandibular molars were observed clinically. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was examined for clinical and radiographic changes. Intra oral findings were correlated with TMJ findings. Results: Supra eruption of opposing maxillary molars and drift of adjacent teeth had a significant association with asymptomatic clicking of the TMJ. Further, patients with deep bite had radiographic findings of condylar flattening. Clicking of the TMJ was a frequent finding in patients with longer duration of molar loss. Conclusion: Missing molars not only have periodontal implications but also far reaching effects on the condylar health of the associated TMJ. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 03 | Number 01 | January-June 2014 | Page 57-62 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v3i1.10360
Autoimmune thyroiditis: clinical presentation in a Nepalese population
Authors: Paudel K , Paudel B 
Published: May 2014

Background: Hypothyroidism has a wide range of clinical presentations. This study was conducted to describe the clinical manifestations of chronic Hashimoto`s thyroiditis (HT) in a Nepalese population. We also tried to identify symptoms or signs characteristic for HT. Methods: During the study period, all newly diagnosed patients with hypothyroidism were interviewed about symptoms, and clinical signs were assessed. The data of hypothyroid patients were divided in two groups: TPO antibody positive and TPO antibody negative. The symptoms and signs of the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results: Among the 88 hypothyroid patients, 33 (37.5%) had positive TPO antibody levels. Female patients were more likely to be TPO antibody positive (41.3% among female and 15.4% among male). The most frequent symptoms were lethargy, cold intolerance, constipation, tingling sensation and weight gain, and the most frequent signs were facial puffiness and non-pitting pedal edema, in both groups. Statistical analysis revealed, that cold intolerance, decreased appetite and insomnia were significantly more prevalent symptoms in the TPO antibody positive group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Hashimoto`s thyroiditis is a common cause of primary hypothyroidism. It is not possible to differentiate it from the clinical presentation. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 03 | Number 01 | January-June 2014 | Page 68-71 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v3i1.10362
Silent meningioma leading to death
Authors: Bhattacharya P , Chattopadhyay S 
Published: May 2014

Benign intracranial meningiomas are seldom the cause of death in elderly.It may be the triggering factor for a sequence of events which may ultimately lead to death. The silent nature of such tumors leads to delay in diagnosis and thus proper management. Findings at autopsy may confirm the diagnosis and cause of death in such cases. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 03 | Number 01 | January-June 2014 | Page 72-73 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v3i1.10364
Une estimation du coût dabattement de la pollution atmosphérique pour les entreprises françaises
Authors: Riedinger Nicolas , Hauvuy Erwan 
Published: May 2014

The Cost of Air Pollution Abatement for French Firms.
We estimate a technology of air pollution abatement, defined as a relation between conventional production, emissions and inputs specifically allocated to environmental protection. We use original firm-level data on both air emissions and investments in abatement equipment and “ clean ” processes. Carrying out estimations on an unbalanced panel of 428 firms over the period 1992-1999, we find that the marginal cost of abatement in the case of sulphur dioxides exceeds the current French tax rate several times over. This suggests that, for this pollutant, the level of emissions is currently determined much more by performance standards than by the tax.
Rente foncière et anticipations dans le périurbain
Authors: Napoléone Claude , Geniaux Ghislain 
Published: May 2014

Land Rent and Anticipations in Peri-Urban Areas.
Urban sprawl modifies the structure of areas far beyond the actual urban cores, especially via agricultural and residential land markets in peri-urban areas. For an explicit examination of anticipations made on the future use of arable lands, we develop a two-stage hedonic model with a Box-Cox transformation of the endogenous variable, control of heteroscedasticity and of spatial autocorrelation. Our estimates are based on transactions in agricultural and urban land over 10 years on real estate markets in the Bouches-du-Rhône département, and on detailed descriptions of the environment of the property concerned, obtained through a Geographical Information System. We demonstrate that anticipation effects have a predominant impact on the market in agricultural land and that the institutional regulation of this market by land-use plans is not sufficient to keep them under control.