bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable touring: exploring value creation through social marketing
Authors: Henderson Stephen 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the social marketing-based approach to live performance adopted by Jack Johnson and its potential as the basis of a developmental model for sustainable touring.

Design/methodology/approach
– Musician Jack Johnson has been recognised as a leader in his approach to sustainable touring. The research approach uses stakeholder interviews to examine his “Sleep Through the Static” tour from a phenomenological perspective.

Findings
– The activities adopted during the global tour provide “upstream” contributions to social change agendas as well as “downstream” contributions to change behaviour. “Downstream” contribution leans towards closed behaviour settings for the corporate community and open behaviour settings for the social community. Limitations are the extent of resources required; better understanding of audience targets and their perceived value of behaviour change.

Research limitations/implications
– The use of a single example means that consideration of the success of this model is limited to one approach when others might offer other options. However, the phenomenological approach is sufficient to begin to understand the value creation process at work here.

Practical implications
– A range of performers in different cultural areas might consider the potential of this approach as a means to contribute to sustainable touring goals.

Originality/value
– Much of the literature available for event managers focuses on environmental concerns to the neglect of other dimensions of sustainability. This work highlights how the social marketing of sustainable development offers a wider scope to touring performers.
Contemporary career concepts and their fit for the Arabian Gulf context
Authors: Forstenlechner Ingo , Baruch Yehuda 
Published: November 2013

Purpose– The contemporary nature of careers has changed significantly in Western societies, yet studies on the nature of this change in different cultures are sparse. The aim of this paper is to explore how career theories and concepts from Western origin fit the Middle East, particularly within the emerging Arabian Gulf economy, putting in context explanatory propositions expanding the Western view of career theory and applying it to the environment of a rapidly changing society.Design/methodology/approach– This research uses a conceptual analysis approach.Findings– Owing to demographic changes, and increasing awareness of the societal, economic and political concerns, the country cannot maintain that implicit promise. The old psychological contract has been breached as the country cannot keep offering similar jobs to the growing number of young people entering the labour market.Originality/value– This paper is the first aiming to explain emerging Middle Eastern countries' labour markets in their entirety, using existing Western career theories and concepts. Implications for individuals and employers in the global private sector who may consider a move to the Gulf are offered.
Personality and political skill as distal and proximal predictors of leadership evaluations
Authors: A. Gentry William , B. Leslie Jean , C. Gilmore David , Parker Ellen III B. , R. Ferris Gerald , C. Treadway Darren 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– Although individual difference variables are important in the prediction of leadership effectiveness, comparatively little empirical research has examined distal and proximal traits/characteristics that help managers lead effectively in organizations. The aim of this paper is to extend previous research by examining whether and how specific distal, narrow personality traits and the more proximal characteristic of political skill are related to decisiveness, a specific competency of leadership effectiveness, as rated from direct reports and peers.

Design/methodology/approach
– Self-report data on political skill and personality traits (i.e. perceptiveness and affability) from 225 practicing managers from the US, together with other-report (i.e. peer and subordinate) ratings of their leadership effectiveness (i.e. decisiveness) were used to test the mediating effects of political skill.

Findings
– Results show that political skill (i.e. the social astuteness dimension) mediated the relationships between narrow personality traits and evaluations of leadership effectiveness as rated by some, but not other rater sources. Specifically, the social astuteness dimension of political skill mediated the relationship between perceptiveness and decisiveness ratings from direct reports but not for ratings from peers, and the full political skill composite measure mediated the relationship between affability and decisiveness ratings from peers but not for ratings from direct reports.

Research limitations/implications
– Limitations include the availability of only two narrow personality traits, which constrained the scope of the possible mediation tests of all individual dimensions of political skill.

Practical implications
– Political skill is shown to be a more proximal predictor of leadership effectiveness than personality dimensions. Thus, political skill should be considered over personality for emerging leaders. Further, differences in ratings due to source (i.e. peer and subordinate) indicate the need for organizational leaders to consider the source when evaluating effectiveness reports.

Originality/value
– This study is one of the first to integrate the Ferris et al. model of political skill and the Zaccaro et al. distal-proximal trait model of leadership effectiveness.
Understanding employees' informal workplace learning
Authors: Bernadette van Rijn Monique , Yang Huadong , Sanders Karin 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This paper aims to investigate the joint influence of employees' career motivation and their self-construal on their engagement in three informal workplace learning activities: keeping up-to-date, asking for feedback from supervisors and knowledge sharing.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected through an online questionnaire from 323 employees from four Dutch Vocational Education and Training (VET) schools. Regression analyses were used to test the hypothesis.

Findings
– Career motivation is positively related to all three informal learning activities. Employees' individual self-construal strengthens the relationship between career motivation and engagement in the learning activity of keeping up-to-date, while employees' collective self-construal strengthens the relationship between career motivation and engagement in the learning activity of knowledge sharing. Contrary to expectations, employees' relational self-construal does not strengthen the relationship between career motivation and engagement in the learning activity of feedback asking from supervisors.

Research limitations/implications
– The use of cross-sectional data collection made this study vulnerable to common method bias. Future studies should consider using a longitudinal research approach to overcome this limitation.

Practical implications
– The findings suggest that both the motivational issue of “what do you want” and the self-identity issue of “who you are” are important for employee informal workplace learning. For human resource (HR) professionals this suggests that they should stimulate employees' career motivation, while for employees this suggests that they should engage in informal learning activities in keeping with their own style.

Originality/value
– This is one of the first studies to provide empirical support for the joint influence of career motivation and self-construal on employees' informal workplace learning.
The regulatory environment of comparative advertisement in India – an analysis
Authors: Kaur Rajinder , Aggarwal Rashmi 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This study aims to compile the present situation of comparative advertisement in Indian markets and the existing legal remedies by citing some factual cases from the industry and important judicial pronouncements.

Design/methodology/approach
– It is a qualitative research based on primary and secondary source of information. Secondary sources comprise of statutory provisions of relevant act, articles/news items available in academic/trade journals and information generated from Government of India web sites. Primary research involved face-to-face interactions with practising advocates from Delhi High Court and Supreme Court of India in the area of trademarks. Information was collected on parameters related to efficacy, applicability, enforceability, monitoring, and legal issues of trademarks and disparagements.

Findings
– In India, comparative advertisement is relatively a new concept and the lawful remedies are not that strong as that is other countries. In the absence of the stringent laws, the practice of comparative advertisement has seen many derogatory consequences a few are mentioned here. The paper concludes by giving recommendations on the issues of legal aspects of comparative advertisement in India.

Originality/value
– This research paper attempts to provide an overall understanding of judicial environment on comparative advertisement in India which is still at its nascent stage.
Significant changes to rules for private securities offerings
Authors: Engvall David , Martin David , Caywood Warren , Wawrzyniak James 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explain changes to the SEC rules governing private offerings of securities, permitting general solicitation and general advertising in certain private placements conducted under Rule 506 of Regulation D under the US Securities Act of 1933, and amending Rule 506 to disqualify certain “bad actors” from private placements conducted under the rule.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper explains the new Rule 506(c), which removes the prohibition on general solicitation and general advertising provided that all purchasers are accredited investors and the issuer has taken all reasonable steps to verify that they are accredited investors. The paper explains the final rules relating to bad-actor disqualifications, and also explains several amendments to Regulation D that the SEC has proposed to give the Commission additional insight into the market and help prevent potential fraud.

Findings
– In adopting these rule amendments simultaneously, the SEC balanced the often counterpoised considerations of promoting capital formation and protecting investors.

Practical implications
– Issuers engaging in offerings under the new Rule 506(c) must develop adequate processes to verify the accredited investor status of purchasers and to identify bad actors as defined in the rule.

Originality/value
– The paper provides practical guidance from experienced financial services lawyers.
To purchase or not to purchase US products: role of religiosity, animosity, and ethno-centrism among Malaysian consumers
Authors: Ahmed Zafar , Anang Rosdin , Othman Nor , Sambasivan Murali 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The main purpose of this research is to empirically test how animosity, religiosity, and ethnocentrism interact to affect judgment about US products and purchase action of consumers in a progressive Islamic country like Malaysia. There are many studies that have been conducted in conservative Islamic countries such as Iran, Jordan, Morocco, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.

Design/methodology/approach
– The product chosen for this research is US fast food restaurants. A questionnaire was constructed and responses were obtained from 410 Malaysian consumers from different ethnic backgrounds. The authors tested the framework using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Findings
– Based on the test results, the authors conclude the following significant relationships: animosity on purchase action of consumers, ethnocentric tendencies on animosity of consumers, religiosity on ethnocentric tendencies of consumers, religiosity on animosity of consumers, ethnocentric tendencies of consumers on judgment of foreign product, foreign product judgment of consumers on purchase action, and animosity and ethnocentrism play mediating roles.

Originality/value
– The current study adds significantly to the body of knowledge on consumer behavior, especially the roles of animosity, religiosity, and ethnocentrism. The findings can help marketing managers to formulate appropriate strategies when consumers decide to boycott US products.
Corporate volunteering programs and consumer perceptions: an information processing perspective
Authors: S. Mattila Anna , Hanks Lydia 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to understand how consumers perceive corporate volunteering programs. In particular, the author examines the moderating role of information processing and customer relationship status on consumer attitudes towards two types of volunteering programs: employee vs customer.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using a scenario method, the author manipulated customer relationship status and program type while information processing was measured.

Findings
– The author's results demonstrate that elaborate processing has a positive impact on credibility of the program and altruistic motivation of the firm. Less involved processing led to lower favorable trait attributions with employee rather than customer-based volunteering programs. Finally, relationship type moderated the impact of program type on attitudes towards the company.

Originality/value
– These findings contribute to the understanding of customer reactions to corporate volunteering programs by examining the ways in which processing level, loyalty status, and program type interact to influence the customer's perception of the company.
Alleviating the negative impact of delayed recovery: process- versus outcome-focused explanations
Authors: Chang Chia-Chi , Chen Chia-Yi 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– Limited research has explored the potential marketing strategies to counter the damage associated with delayed recovery. Based on the construal level theory, this study seeks to suggest that customers tend to focus on different aspects of the compensation according to the speed of recovery. Thus, providing an adequate explanation to customers corresponding to expected recovery speed can effectively alleviate customer dissatisfaction with a delayed recovery.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study examined the proposed hypotheses using a 2 (immediate vs delayed) by 2 (explanation: process-focused vs outcome-focused) experimental design.

Findings
– The analytical results show that when an immediate recovery is available, an outcome-focused explanation will result in higher post-failure satisfaction than will a process-focused explanation. Conversely, when a delayed recovery is expected, post-failure satisfaction is higher for customers who receive a process-focused explanation than for those who receive an outcome-focused explanation.

Practical implications
– This study thus recommends that firms should provide explanations compatible with expected recovery speed to better enhance post-failure satisfaction.

Originality/value
– This study contributes to the body of service recovery literature by examining the differential effectiveness of outcome-focused and process-focused explanations under immediate and delayed recovery conditions. The findings provide a guideline that managers can use to formulate suitable explanations to alleviate the detrimental effects of delayed recovery.
Maternal and paternal contributions to pathogen resistance dependent on development stage in a whitefish (Salmonidae)
Authors: Clark Emily S. , Pompini Manuel , Marques da Cunha Lucas , Wedekind Claus 
Published: November 2013

Summary
It is often assumed that maternal and paternal contributions to offspring phenotype change over the lifetime of an individual. However, studies on parental effects typically suffer from the problems that heritabilities and maternal environmental effects are difficult to separate, and that both may depend on environmental factors and developmental stage.
In order to experimentally disentangle maternal from paternal contributions and the likely effects of developmental stage from ecological effects, we sampled a natural population of the whitefish Coregonus palaea, used gametes for full‐factorial in vitro fertilizations, raised over 10 000 of the resulting offspring singly at controlled conditions, and exposed them at different points during embryonic development to one of two strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens that differed in their virulence characteristics (only one caused mortality, while both delayed hatching and reduced growth).
Vulnerability to infection increased markedly over embryo development. This change coincided with a distinct shift in the importance of maternal to additive genetic effects on survival. Timing of exposure also affected the variance components for hatching time and larval length, but in a less consistent direction than the variance components for mortality. No significant genetic variation was found for any reaction norms across time points of exposure, indicating a uniformity among genotypes in how susceptibility changed over development. Phenotypes were also typically correlated across time points, which could constrain the evolution of the reaction norms.
Our experiment demonstrates that the relative maternal and paternal contributions to susceptibility to an infection, and hence the evolutionary potential to respond to pathogen‐induced selection, depends not only on the kind of pathogenic stress but also on the timing of the challenge.
How grasshoppers respond to road noise: developmental plasticity and population differentiation in acoustic signalling
Authors: Lampe Ulrike , Reinhold Klaus , Schmoll Tim 
Published: November 2013

Summary

Increasing levels of anthropogenic noise have the potential to mask signals of acoustically communicating species in their natural habitats. Animals in noise‐polluted habitats typically adjust their signals away from high background noise levels to ensure successful signal transmission under challenging environmental conditions. Earlier we demonstrated that male Chorthippus biguttulus grasshoppers from roadside habitats produce courtship signals with elevated frequency components compared to conspecifics from non‐roadside habitats.

Here, we use a common garden approach to study the mechanisms underlying this response. We transferred grasshopper nymphs from seven roadside as well as five non‐roadside habitats to the laboratory to rear half of them under noisy and the other half under quiet conditions in a full factorial two‐by‐two design. Courtship songs of adult males were later recorded under standardized quiet conditions.

Males exposed to road noise as nymphs produced signals with higher frequency components compared to males reared under quiet conditions, indicating developmental plasticity as a mechanism underlying the signal adjustment to anthropogenic noise in grasshoppers.

In addition, males originating from roadside habitats produced signals with higher frequency components and an increased syllable to pause ratio – a sexually selected signal trait – compared to males from non‐roadside habitats.

Our results demonstrate for the first time that developmental plasticity may play an important role in song trait modifications in response to anthropogenic noise. Furthermore, they suggest that multiple roadside populations may have diverged in parallel, possibly in response to selection for minimizing signal masking by road noise.
Uninvited U.S. Investors? Economic Consequences of Involuntary Cross‐Listings
Authors: ILIEV PETER , MILLER DARIUS P. , ROTH LUKAS 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTWe study the economic consequences of a recent Securities and Exchange Commission securities regulation change that grants foreign firms trading on the U.S. over‐the‐counter (OTC) market an automatic exemption from the reporting requirements of the 1934 Securities Act. We document that the number of voluntary (sponsored) OTC cross‐listings did not increase following the regulation change, suggesting that it did not achieve its intended purpose of increasing voluntary OTC cross‐listings through a reduction in compliance costs. We do find that the design of the regulation allowed financial intermediaries to create an unprecedented number of involuntary (unsponsored) OTC ADRs: 1,700 unsponsored ADR programs for 920 firms were created for companies that had previously chosen not to cross‐list in the United States. Our difference‐in‐differences analysis based on a matched sample approach documents that foreign firms forced into the U.S. capital markets experience a significant decrease in firm value, and we further show that the decrease in firm value is related to an increase in U.S. litigation risk. We also find that depositary banks’ propensity to involuntarily cross‐list firms is positively related to banks’ expected fee revenue, and that banks chose firms that incur high costs when involuntarily cross‐listed. Our results provide evidence that securities regulation can be exploited for private gain and result in costly unintended consequences.
Intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride therapy does not reduce length of stay of alcohol‐intoxicated patients in the emergency department: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Perez Siegfried RS , Keijzers Gerben , Steele Michael , Byrnes Joshua , Scuffham Paul A 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundI.v. 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is frequently used to treat ED patients with acute alcohol intoxication despite the lack of evidence for its efficacy.ObjectiveThe study aims to compare treatment with i.v. normal saline and observation with observation alone in ED patients with acute alcohol intoxication.MethodsA single‐blind, randomised, controlled trial was conducted to compare a single bolus of 20 mL/kg i.v. normal saline plus observation with observation alone. One hundred and forty‐four ED patients with uncomplicated acute alcohol intoxication were included. The study was conducted in one tertiary and one urban ED in Queensland, Australia. Primary outcome was ED length of stay (EDLOS). Secondary outcomes were treatment time, breath alcohol levels, intoxication symptom score, level of intoxication and associated healthcare costs.ResultsBoth groups were comparable at baseline: blood alcohol content (BAC) was similar between treatment and control groups (0.20 % BAC vs 0.19 % BAC, P = 0.44) as were initial intoxication symptom scores (22.0 vs 22.3, P = 0.90). Both groups had a similar EDLOS (287 min vs 274 min, P = 0.89; difference 13 min [95% CI −37–63]) and treatment time (244 min vs 232 min, P = 0.94; difference 12 min [95% CI −31–55]). Change of breath alcohol levels, intoxication score and level of intoxication were not significantly different between the two groups. Patients in the treatment group had an additional healthcare cost of A$31.92 compared with control.ConclusionsI.v. normal saline therapy added to observation alone does not decrease ED length of stay compared with observation alone. Intoxication symptom scores and general state of intoxication were similar in both groups. The present study suggests that either approach is reasonable, but observation alone might be preferred as it is less resource intensive.