bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conscious Correction of Scapular Orientation in Overhead Athletes Performing Selected Shoulder Rehabilitation Exercises: The Effect on Trapezius Muscle Activation Measured by Surface Electromyography
Authors: De Mey Kristof , Danneels Lieven , Cagnie Barbara , Huyghe Lies , Seyns Elien , Cools Ann M. 
Published: November 2012

Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Objectives To assess the effect of conscious correction of scapular orientation on the activation of the 3 sections of the trapezius muscle during shoulder exercises in overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis. Background Previous research has led to the recommendation of 4 exercises for training of the trapezius muscle: prone extension, sidelying external rotation, sidelying forward flexion, and prone horizontal abduction with external rotation. However, the extent to which conscious correction of scapular orientation impacts trapezius muscle activation levels during these exercises is unknown. Methods Absolute (upper trapezius [UT], middle trapezius [MT], lower trapezius [LT]) and relative (UT/MT and UT/LT) muscle activation levels were determined with surface electromyography in 30 asymptomatic overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis, during 4 selected exercises performed with and without conscious correction of scapular orientation. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to determine if a voluntary scapular orientation correction strategy influenced the activation levels of the different sections of the trapezius during each exercise. Results With conscious correction of scapular orientation, activation levels of the 3 sections of the trapezius muscle significantly increased during prone extension (mean ± SD difference: UT, 5.9% ± 8.6% maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]; MT, 13.8% ± 11.0% MVIC; LT, 9.8% ± 10.8% MVIC; P<.05) and sidelying external rotation (UT, 2.2% ± 4.4% MVIC; MT, 6.7% ± 10.6% MVIC; LT, 13.3% ± 24.4% MVIC; P<.05). There was no difference between conditions for sidelying forward flexion and prone horizontal abduction with external rotation. The UT/MT and UT/LT ratios were similar between conditions for all 4 exercises. Conclusion Conscious correction of scapular orientation during the prone extension and sidelying external rotation exercises can be used to increase the activation level in the 3 sections of the trapezius in overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis. Although lack of kinematic data limits the interpretation of the results, this study suggests that conscious correction of scapular orientation can be performed without altering the favorable UT/MT and UT/LT ratios that have been previously reported for these exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(1):3–10. Epub 16 November 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4283
Comparison of the Sonographic Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles and Connective Tissues in Individuals With and Without Lumbopelvic Pain
Authors: Whittaker Jackie L. , Warner Martin B. , Stokes Maria 
Published: November 2012

Study Design Cross-sectional, case-control study. Objectives To measure and compare the resting thickness of the 4 abdominal wall muscles, their associated perimuscular connective tissue (PMCT), and interrecti distance (IRD) in persons with and without lumbopelvic pain (LPP), using ultrasound imaging. Background The muscles and PMCT of the abdominal wall assist in controlling the spine. Functional deficits of the abdominal wall muscles have been detected in populations with LPP. Investigations of the abdominal wall in those with LPP are primarily concerned with muscle, most commonly the transversus abdominis (TrA) and internal oblique (IO). Because the abdominal wall functions as a unit, all 4 abdominal muscles and their associated connective tissues should be considered concurrently. Methods B-mode ultrasound imaging was used to measure the resting thickness of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique, IO, and TrA muscles; the PMCT planes; and IRD in 50 male and female subjects, 25 with and 25 without LPP (mean ± SD age, 36.3 ± 9.4 and 46.6 ± 8.0 years, respectively). Univariate correlation analysis was used to identify covariates. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) and the Kruskal-Wallis test (IRD) were used to compare cohorts (α = .05). Results The LPP cohort had less total abdominal muscle thickness (LPP mean ± SD, 18.9 ± 3.0 mm; control, 20.3 ± 3.0 mm; ANCOVA adjusted for body mass index, P = .03), thicker PMCT (LPP, 5.5 ± 0.2 mm; control, 4.3 ± 0.2 mm; ANCOVA adjusted for body mass index, P = .007), and wider IRD (LPP, 11.5 ± 2.0 mm; control, 8.4 ± 1.8 mm; Kruskal-Wallis, P = .005). Analysis of individual muscle thickness revealed no difference in the external oblique, IO, and TrA, but a thinner RA in the LPP cohort (LPP mean ± SD, 7.8 ± 1.5 mm; control, 9.1 ± 1.2 mm; ANCOVA adjusted for body mass index, P<.001). Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the morphological characteristics of all 4 abdominal muscles and PMCT in individuals with LPP. The results suggest that there may be altered loading of the PMCT and linea alba secondary to an altered motor control strategy involving a reduced contribution of the RA. Further, the change in RA and connective tissue morphology may be more evident than changes in external oblique, IO, and TrA thickness in persons with LPP. The causes and functional implications of these changes warrant further investigation, as does the role of the RA muscle in the development and persistence of LPP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(1):11–19. Epub 16 November 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4450
Cognitive Treatment of Illness Perceptions in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Siemonsma Petra C. , Stuive Ilse , Roorda Leo D. , Vollebregt Joke A. , Walker Marion F. , Lankhorst Gustaaf J. , Lettinga Ant T. 
Published: November 2012

Background
Illness perceptions have been shown to predict patient activities. Therefore, studies of the effectiveness of a targeted illness-perception intervention on chronic nonspecific low back pain (CLBP) are needed.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of treatment of illness perceptions against a waiting list for patients with CLBP.

Design
This was a prospectively registered randomized controlled trial with an assessor blinded for group allocation.

Setting
The study was conducted in an outpatient rehabilitation clinic.

Participants
The participants were 156 patients (18–70 years of age) with CLBP (&gt;3 months).

Intervention
Patients were randomly assigned to either a treatment group or to a waiting list (control) group. Trained physical therapists and occupational therapists delivered 10 to 14 one-hour treatment sessions according to the treatment protocol.

Measurements
The primary outcome measure was change in patient-relevant physical activities (Patient-Specific Complaints questionnaire). The secondary outcome measures were changes in illness perceptions (Illness Perceptions Questionnaire) and generic physical activity level (Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale). Measurements were taken at baseline (0 weeks) and after treatment (18 weeks).

Results
A baseline-adjusted analysis of covariance showed that there were statistically significant differences between intervention and control groups at 18 weeks for the change in patient-relevant physical activities. This was a clinically relevant change (19.1 mm) for the intervention group. Statistically significant differences were found for the majority of illness perception scales. There were no significant differences in generic physical activity levels.

Limitations
Longer-term effectiveness was not studied.

Conclusions
This first trial evaluating cognitive treatment of illness perceptions concerning CLBP showed statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements in patient-relevant physical activities at 18 weeks.
Is inclusion of the occiput necessary in fusion for C1–2 instability in rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: Werle Stephan , Ezzati Ali , ElSaghir Hesham , Boehm Heinrich 
Published: November 2012

Object
The atlantoaxial joint is the location most and earliest affected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In longstanding disease, ligamentous and osseous destruction can progress and involve all cervical segments. If surgical intervention is necessary, some prefer, to be safe, undertaking fusion to the occiput, whereas others advocate 1-level fusion of C1–2. Sparing the occiput (Oc)–C1 segment would allow retention of a considerable amount of physiological range of motion and seems beneficial against subaxial overload. Previous clinical studies on this topic have provided only nonspecific data after short-term follow-up, rendering a segment-sparing approach questionable.
The purpose of the present investigation was to assess long-term progression of inflammatory or degenerative destruction in the Oc–C1 segment after isolated C1–2 fusion for RA.

Methods
In a series of 113 consecutive patients with RA-related destruction restricted to the craniocervical junction, 14 individuals underwent Oc–C2 fusion and 99 underwent surgery exclusively at the C1–2 level. After a mean follow-up period of 9.4 years (range 4.9–14.7 years), 46 patients were available for clinical and radiographic examination, including CT imaging.

Results
None of the 46 patients needed additional surgery to extend the fusion to the occiput. Despite marked deterioration in the subaxial cervical spine, in general there were little or no changes in the atlantooccipital region. All but one patient presented with bony fusion of the fixed C1–2 level at follow-up.

Conclusions
The results of this investigation suggest that if the Oc–C1 joint is free of osseous destructions on conventional radiographs and free of abnormalities on MRI scans at the time of surgery (for transarticular fixation and fusion of C1–2), there is a very low risk for relevant destruction in the following 5–14 years. Thus, no prophylactic oligosegmental approach, but rather a segment-sparing monosegmental approach, is preferred, even in patients with high inflammatory levels.
Modeling Problem-oriented Clinical Notes
Authors: de Vries Robbé P. F. , Cillessen F. H. J. M. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryObjectives: To develop a model as a starting-point for developing a problem-oriented clinical notes application as a generic component of an Electronic Health Record (EHR).Methods: We used the generic conceptualization of Weed’s problem-oriented medical record (POMR) to link progress notes to problems, and the Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan (SOAP) headings to classify elements of these notes. Health Level 7 (HL7) Version 3 and Unified Modeling Language (UML) were used for modeling. We looked especially at the role of Conditions and Concerns, and how to model these to document clinical reasoning.Results: We developed a generic HL7-based model for progress notes. In this model the specific clinical note has a condition as its reason. An assertion can be made about a condition. Any condition, observation or procedure can be a concern that has to be tracked. Utmost important is the relationship between constituting parts of a progress note and specially between progress notes by linking a progress note to conditions that are part of an earlier progress note. From this model a comprehensive hierarchical condition tree can be built. Several views, such as chronological, SOAP and condition-oriented, are possible. The clinical notes application is used in daily clinical practice. The model meets explicit design criteria and clinical needs.Conclusions: With the comprehensive HL7 standard it is possible to model and map progress notes using SOAP headings and POMR methodology. We have developed a generic, flexible and applicable paradigm by using acts for each assessment that refer to a condition (1), by separating conditions from concerns (2), and by an extensive use of the working list act (3).
Semantic Localization-driven Partial Image Retrieval in CT Series
Authors: Cavallaro A. , Kriegel H.-P. , Schubert M. , Petri M. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryBackground: Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) contain very large amounts of computed tomography (CT) data. When querying a PACS for a particular series, the user is often not interested in the complete series but in a certain region of interest (ROI), described e.g. by an example view in another series or an anatomical concept.Objectives: Restricting a retrieval query to such an ROI saves both loading time and navigational effort. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for defining and retrieving ROIs.Methods: We employ interpolation and regression techniques for mapping the slices of a series to a newly generated standardized height atlas of the human body.Results: Examinations of the accuracy and the saved input/output (I/O) costs of our new method on a repository of 1,360 CT series demonstrate the advantages of our system. Depending on the scope of the retrieval query, we can economize up to 99% of the total loading time.Conclusion: Our proposed method for flexible, context-based, partial image retrieval enables the user to directly focus on the relevant portion of the image material and it targets the high potential of I/O cost reduction of a common PACS.
Towards a Personalized and Dynamic CRT-D
Authors: Santini L. , Forleo G. B. , Minni V. , Mafhouz K. , Della Rocca D. G. , Fresiello L. , Romeo F. , Ferrari G. , Di Molfetta A. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryBackground: In spite of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) benefits, 25 – 30% of patients are still non responders. One of the possible reasons could be the non optimal atrioventricular (AV) and interventricular (VV) intervals settings. Our aim was to exploit a numerical model of cardiovascular system for AV and VV intervals optimization in CRT.Methods: A numerical model of the cardiovascular system CRT-dedicated was previously developed. Echocardiographic parameters, Systemic aortic pressure and ECG were collected in 20 consecutive patients before and after CRT. Patient data were simulated by the model that was used to optimize and set into the device the intervals at the baseline and at the follow up. The optimal AV and VV intervals were chosen to optimize the simulated selected variable/s on the base of both echocardiographic and electrocardiographic parameters.Results: Intervals were different for each patient and in most cases, they changed at follow up. The model can well reproduce clinical data as verified with Bland Altman analysis and T-test (p > 0.05). Left ventricular remodeling was 38.7% and left ventricular ejection fraction increasing was 11% against the 15% and 6% reported in literature, respectively.Conclusions: The developed numerical model could reproduce patients conditions at the baseline and at the follow up including the CRT effects. The model could be used to optimize AV and VV intervals at the baseline and at the follow up realizing a personalized and dynamic CRT. A patient tailored CRT could improve patients outcome in comparison to literature data.
Variation of tibial plateau geometry and cruciate ligament coordinates in six breeds of dogs
Authors: Sabanci S. S. , Onar V. , Ocal M. K. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryObjectives: The first aim of this study was to examine whether or not variations concerning the conformational characteristics of the proximal surface of the tibial plateau exist among six different dog breeds as well as within the same breed. The second aim of this study was to determine the coordinates of the cruciate ligaments.Methods: One hundred and four tibias of 52 mature dogs from six different breeds were used. Photographs of the proximal surface of tibial plateau were taken, and measurements for the length, width and area of the tibial plateau, and the lateral and medial condyles were taken. In addition, the intercondylar width, height of Gerdy's tubercle, popliteal notch depth, and extensor groove depth were measured and recorded. The quotients from these measurements were calculated and compared amongst the dog breeds. The coordinates of the cruciate ligaments, according to the centre of tibial plateau, were also determined.Results: Based on the calculated quotients, variations in the geometry of the tibial plateau geometry were common among the breeds. Within the same breed, on the other hand, length and width measurements of the tibial plateau were the least variable parameters among the other parameters examined. The cranial cruciate ligament was located in front of the surface centre of tibial plateau in all breeds. The position of cranial cruciate ligament was more variable in the craniocaudal direction than that observed in the mediolateral direction; this was the exact opposite of caudal cruciate ligament.Clinical significance: The inter-breed variations of the quotients determined in the present study may facilitate attempts aimed to assess the risk factors of stifle joint injury and to design total knee prostheses.
Spinal fracture in a dog with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis
Authors: Burger M. , Amort K. , Brunnberg L. , Kornmayer M. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryA six-year-old, spayed female Weimaraner dog was first presented with the complaint of hindlimb paresis and then hindlimb paralysis two years later after colliding with a tree. Radiographs and computed tomography revealed spinal fractures at lumbar vertebrae (L)2-3 and at L4-5. In addition, the spinal column was affected by new bone formation along the vertebral bodies, bridging the disc spaces, as seen in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Open reduction and internal fixation was achieved with standard vertebral body plating. This is the first report of DISH-associated spinal fractures after minor trauma in a dog. Surgery resulted in return of the full function after the first, and in improvement of neurologic function after the second incident.
From Psycho-Economics to Neuro-Economics
Authors: Walliser Bernard 
Published: November 2012

Résumé En économie, trois niveaux d’organisation emboîtés - en l’occurrence comportemental, mental et neuronal - sont traditionnellement distingués. Ils introduisent des concepts théoriques ou observationnels spécifiques et proposent leurs propres modèles pour la prise de décision d’un individu. Si la psycho-économie relie les actions qu’il met en œuvre aux états mentaux qu’il affiche, la neuro-économie relie ses états mentaux aux zones actives de son cerveau. Sont ainsi définis des principes de pontage qui mettent en relation des concepts ayant une interprétation semblable et définis à deux niveaux successifs. Grâce à ces principes, des relations ou même des modèles suggérés indépendamment à deux niveaux adjacents peuvent être associés. Si quelques applications prescriptives de ces principes ont été plus récemment proposées, elles reposent encore sur une base conceptuelle très fragile. Classification JEL : A12, B41, D87.
Seeking Ambiguity: a Review on Neuroimaging Studies on Decision Making under Ambiguity
Authors: Taya Fumihiko 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Les développements récents de l’imagerie cérébrale permettent d’envisager le réseau spécifique du cerveau qui est impliqué dans la prise de décision (Glimcher et al. 2004 ; Camerer 2008). L’un des domaines les plus intéressants est celui de « l’aversion à l’ambiguïté », situation dans laquelle les agents essaient d’éviter les configurations inconnues comme cela apparaît clairement dans le paradoxe d’Ellsberg. Même si l’aversion à l’ambiguïté est un phénomène qui a été abondamment observé, on sait que l’incertitude procédant plutôt d’une incomplétude de l’information se résout après obtention de l’information manquante, et les agents peuvent alors considérer les configurations ambiguës. Ici, nous nous proposons de recenser un grand nombre des études d’imagerie cérébrale consacrées à l’aversion à l’ambiguïté. Il a été démontré que la fonction affective du COF ainsi que la fonction cognitive du cortex préfrontal jouent un rôle déterminant dans la prise de décision sous incertitude. Nous commentons la mise en évidence des fonctions cognitives qui sont impliquées dans la prise de décision en présentant les contributions en imagerie cérébrale consacrées aux processus cognitifs de haut niveau. Classification JEL : D87.
Survey of Bat Mortalities at a Wind-Energy Facility in North Dakota
Authors: Bicknell Lucas J. , Gillam Erin H. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
In recent years, the wind-energy industry has rapidly expanded around the world, and studies assessing potential wildlife impacts have documented that bats are especially susceptible to injury and mortality near wind turbines. The rapid construction of many wind facilities in North Dakota, one of the states with the highest wind-energy potential, is of concern because little is known about the distribution and ecology of bats in North Dakota, and no research has assessed turbine-related impacts in the state. The objective of this research was to make preliminary assessments of bat fatalities at a wind facility in North Dakota. Six surveys were conducted at 12 turbines within an operational wind facility in South-central North Dakota from 25 July to 12 September 2010. In total, we discovered nine bat carcasses from two species. Although our data do not assess fatality rates, these findings do point to a need for future research on the impacts of the growing wind-energy industry in North Dakota.
Glioma-Initiating Cell Elimination by Metformin Activation of FOXO3 via AMPK
Authors: Sato Atsushi , Sunayama Jun , Okada Masashi , Watanabe Eriko , Seino Shizuka , Shibuya Keita , Suzuki Kaori , Narita Yoshitaka , Shibui Soichiro , Kayama Takamasa , Kitanaka Chifumi 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Control of the cancer stem/initiating cell population is considered key to realizing the long-term survival of glioblastoma patients. Recently, we demonstrated that FOXO3 activation is sufficient to induce differentiation of glioma-initiating cells having stem-like properties and inhibit their tumor-initiating potential. Here we identified metformin, an antidiabetic agent, as a therapeutic activator of FOXO3. Metformin activated FOXO3 and promoted differentiation of such stem-like glioma-initiating cells into nontumorigenic cells. Furthermore, metformin promoted FOXO3 activation and differentiation via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, which was sensitive to extracellular glucose availability. Importantly, transient, systemic administration of metformin depleted the self-renewing and tumor-initiating cell population within established tumors, inhibited tumor formation by stem-like glioma-initiating cells in the brain, and provided a substantial survival benefit. Our findings demonstrate that targeting glioma-initiating cells via the AMPK-FOXO3 axis is a viable therapeutic strategy against glioblastoma, with metformin being the most clinically relevant drug ever reported for targeting of glioma-initiating cells. Our results also establish a novel, direct link between glucose metabolism and cancer stem/initiating cells.