bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Optimization Method for Long-Distance Train Timetables Considering Passenger Travel Time Preferences
Authors: WANG Wenxian , CHEN Hao , CHEN Birong , ZHANG Liqing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

With the improvement of railway networks and the increase of train services, more and more passengers are choosing rail transportation. Optimizing train timetables can effectively enhance passenger satisfaction and improve the quality of railway passenger transportation services. In this paper, we develop a method for optimizing long-distance train timetables considering passenger travel time preferences. Based on statistical analysis of departure time preferences and arrival time preferences, Gaussian functions are employed to fit these preference functions. Subsequently, a mixed-integer programming model is formulated to optimize the long-distance train timetable, aiming to maximize passenger travel time preferences and minimize train operation time, while considering constraints such as headways and the range of dwelling times at stations. To solve this mixed-integer nonlinear problem, an improved genetic algorithm incorporating parallel selection and elite retention mechanisms is designed. Finally, the proposed optimization model for long-distance train timetables is applied to a real scenario on the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. Results indicate a 33.6% improvement in passenger travel time preferences in the optimized timetable, and a reduction in undesirable train stops during "passenger sleeping hours" from 86 occurrences to 26.
A Systematic Review of Asian Households’ Dengue-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices
Authors: Arham Ahmad Firdhaus , Mokhtar Mohd Istajib , Zainal Nurhafiza , Jaafar Mohd Hasif , Amin Latifah , Rusly Noor Sharizad , Khaidzir Mohd Fadhli Shah , Aziz Muhammad Firdaus , Muslim Nazri 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Globally, dengue is the most common vector-borne viral infection in the current century, which results in high morbidity and mortality globally. It is a preventable infection, and the success of dengue control depends largely on good knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of targeted communities towards the disease and its preventive measures. Therefore, this present study reviews and analyses two decades of research on KAPs towards dengue among Asian households. The PRISMA approach is used in the study to conduct a systematic literature review on dengue-related KAPs. Major search engines were used in the completion of studies published between 2010 and 2022. The findings revealed that, while the majority of the respondents demonstrated adequate dengue-related knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices, some loops required significant improvement. Authorities should continue to prioritize health education campaigns and programs to boost households’ knowledge and understanding of dengue.
Factors affecting healthcare utilization among foreign beneficiaries of national health insurance in Korea
Authors: Lee Juhyang , Ghang Haryeom 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
To explore the factors affecting healthcare utilization (both inpatient and outpatient services) among foreign beneficiaries of the National Health Insurance (NHI) in Korea.
Methods
We conducted a two-part model analysis employing Andersen's behavioral framework, using health insurance claims data from 2022.
Results
The results indicated that individual need characteristics, such as disability, CCI, and chronic diseases, had the most significant impact on total healthcare utilization and its associated costs. The next significant characteristic was the residence period; the longer the period, the higher the likelihood of healthcare utilization, but the lower the associated costs. Among the predisposing characteristics, individuals aged 65 years and older had the most significant impact on healthcare costs. Additionally, among the enabling characteristics, residency period, residency status, and beneficiary type were most significant.
Conclusion
Foreigners residing in Korea are eligible to use the Korean healthcare system by enrolling in NHI. As the foreign population is projected to grow even faster due to Korea's aging society and low birth rate, this study can assist public health administrators in formulating evidence-based policies.
Repetition Count: Application to Aero-engine Blade Counting Tasks
Authors: Kaiyu Li , Huitao Zhao , Jun Zhou , Jialu Wang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Engine blades, being critical components of aircraft engines, pose a substantial threat to both the engine and the entire aircraft if they fracture during flight. Hence, inspecting and maintaining these blades are crucial to ensuring flight safety. In the process of blade damage detection, personnel typically utilize borescope inspection equipment to manually examine each blade and count them as they pass, thereby guaranteeing the examination of every individual blade within the engine to prevent any missed or duplicate inspections. This paper presents a new video interpretation method applied to the scenario of engine blade counting. The core of this algorithm involves employing the cosine correlation function to calculate the similarity between video frames captured during borescope inspections, followed by adaptively thresholding the processed signal for dynamic binarization, and ultimately counting the falling edges. By adopting frame-related approaches instead of relying on local image characteristics, this algorithm exhibits high robustness against smooth blade surfaces and metallic reflections. Additionally, it efficiently manages motion blur and directional variations that occur during the rapid movement of the blades. Compared to existing methods, this algorithm requires minimal training time, is compatible with various turbine engine blades, and guarantees real-time count updates.
Antiproliferative and apoptosis effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on HT-29 cells accompanied by subG1 cycle arrest and modulation of mTOR/p62/FAS/Caspase8/Bax pathway
Authors: Rafoogarzadeh Rana , Rafiee Aras , Taheri Saba 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Lactobacillus acidophilus is the most commonly used probiotic that is paving the preventive and biotherapeutic methods for colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying its remedial utility are largely unknown. The cell viability of the HT-29 cell line under concentrations (108,109 and 1010 cfu/ml) of L. acidophilus Sonicated Extract (LSE) screened out, using the MTT assay at 24 and 72 hours. The apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were assessed via flow cytometry. A possible signaling pathway of mTOR/p62/FAS/Caspase8/Bax was examined using qRT-PCR. The LSE was found as an active cell apoptosis inducer and cell proliferation inhibitor (IC50 value as 108 cfu/ml after 72 hr) in a time and dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated subG1 phase arrest. Disclosing mTOR/p62/FAS/Caspase8/Bax expression, revealed another one mechanism underlying LSE-induced apoptosis while leading to cell cycle arrest. LSE upregulated the expression of the Fas death receptor along with caspase8 and Bax-mediated apoptosis genes while suppressing the anti-apoptotic mTOR and p62 expression. The results suggest that LSE has a property in the treatment of colorectal cancer by interfering with multiple cellular functions which depends on the bacterial dose and time administered.
Ratio-based distortion and network distance
Authors: Gao Wei , Wang Weifan , Zhang Hainan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Due to the prevalent theoretical status and high-performance efficiency in computer networks, face recognition, and heterogeneous data analysis, network distance has received mass attention and become an emerging technology in recent years. It is noted that the original difference-based network distance is incompetent to describe the network discrepancy by proportionally expanding/contracting the weight function. To mitigate this shortcoming, this paper proposes ratio-based distortion and network distance, and defines a proportional strong/weak isomorphism which is compatible with the new setting. Several results with theoretical underpinning are deduced by means of mathematical analysis approaches. Additionally, this paper conducts a similarity analysis experiment on a randomly generated network structure dataset using the proposed network distance formula. The analysis of the experimental results, including the corresponding hierarchical clustering diagrams and heatmaps, indicates that the proposed network distance formula has practical application value. The code and data of this paper are completely public at https://github.com/AizhEngHN/Ratio-based-distortion-and-network-distance.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 68T09, 54E35.
A Comprehensive Workflow for Compositional Data Analysis in Archaeometry, with Code in R
Authors: Greenacre Michael , Wood Jonathan R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Compositional data, which have relative rather than absolute meaning, are common in quantitative archaeological research. Such multivariate data are usually expressed as proportions, summing to 1, or equivalently as percentages. We present a comprehensive and defensible workflow for processing compositional data in archaeometry, using both the original compositional values and their transformation to logratios. The most useful logratio transformations are illustrated and how they affect the interpretation of the final results in the context of both unsupervised and supervised learning. The workflow is illustrated on compositional data from bronze ritual vessels to provide compositional fingerprints for the Shang and Zhou periods of the Chinese Bronze Age. Predictions, with caveats, of the fabrication age of the vessels are made from the compositional data -- in effect, compositional rather than typological seriation of the bronzes. In the Supplementary Material, we further explore the effect of zeros in the dataset and compare logaratio analyses with the chiPower approach, where we replace any value in the original data determined as being below the detection limit of the instruments for the element, with zeros. The data and R code for reproducing all the analyses are provided both in the Supplementary Material and online.
In vitro calcification of bioprosthetic heart valves: test method validation on prosthetic heart valves
Authors: Kiesendahl Nicole , Schmitz Christoph , Peters Lars , Weiler Marek , Schmitz-Rode Thomas , Steinseifer Ulrich , Clauser Johanna C 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A major reason for the failure of bioprosthetic heart valves is calcification. Various pretreatment methods are developed to reduce the calcification behavior. The effectiveness of these methods has so far been investigated in expensive and time-consuming large animal studies. In order to provide a cost-, animal- and possibly also time-saving method, we developed an accelerated dynamic in vitro calcification test method.
In the present study, we validated this method using a comparative test of two differently pretreated groups of porcine heart valve bioprostheses (T6 sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant versus No-T6 treatment). Each group, whose calcification behavior was known from an animal study, contained N = 4 identical surgically implantable aortic bioprostheses. Calcification onsets, progression and extent were detected by high-speed video (HSV) documentation and microscopy. Structural identification of the deposits was carried out by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Semidestructive quantification of the calicifications was done by µ-CT as well as destructive chemical quantification of calcium masses per g tissue dry weight via colorimetry and compelxometry. The histomorphologic localization of the calcifications was examined by von Kossa staining.
Structural analysis of the investigated deposits indicated “biological apatite” for both test groups. Histological examination revealed sandwich-like localization of the calcifications in the spongiosa zone of the cusps. Quantification of the calcifications showed a distinctly stronger calcification tendency of the No-T6 compared to the anti-calcifying pretreated T6 bioprostheses.
We developed and validated a novel and unique test method for in vitro calcification assessment. The quantitative calcification tendencies of the two test groups are comparable with the results of an in vivo study in sheep of these two test groups, after a total of 20 weeks of testing. The structural findings are in line with published in vivo observations and the histomorphological localization appears as known for porcine prostheses.
The Identification of Guessing Patterns in Progress Testing as a Machine Learning Classification Problem
Authors: Atanet Iván Roselló , Sehy Victoria , Sieg Miriam , März Maren 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The detection of guessing patterns in low-stakes progress testing could naturally be understood as a statistical classification problem where test takers are assigned to groups according to probabilities given by a machine learning model. However, the relevant literature on this topic does not include many examples where this approach is discussed; to date, the strategies applied to tackle this problem have been mostly based either on rapid response counting or the detection of unusual answer patterns.
Methods
On the basis of 14,897 participations in the Progress Test Medizin test – which takes place twice a year since 1999 in selected medical schools of Germany, Austria and Switzerland - we formulate the identification of guessing patterns as a binary classification problem. Next, we compare the performance of a logistic regression algorithm in this setup to that of the nonparametric person-fit indices included in R´s PerFit package. Finally, we determine probability thresholds based on the values of the logistic regression functions obtained from the algorithm.
Results
Comparison of logistic regression algorithm with person-fit indices
The logistic regression algorithm included in Python´s Scikit-Learn reached ROC-AUC scores of 0.886 to 0.903 depending on the dataset, while the 11 person-fit indices analysed returned ROC-AUC scores of 0.548 to 0.761.
Best feature set
Datasets based on aggregate scores yielded better results than those were the sets of answers to every item were considered as individual features. The best results were reached with a feature set containing only two parameters (self-monitoring accuracy and number of answered questions); considering the amount of time spent on the test did not lead to any performance improvement.
Probability thresholds
Based on the values of the logistic regression function generated by the applied algorithm, it is possible to establish thresholds above which there is at least a 90% chance of having guessed most answers.
Conclusions
In our setting, logistic regression clearly outperformed nonparametric person-fit indices in the task of identifying guessing patterns. We attribute this result to the greater flexibility of machine learning methods, which makes them more adaptable to diverse test environments than person-fit indices.
Awareness of transcranial magnetic stimulation among psychiatrists in Oman towards transcranial magnetic stimulation: Single institution study
Authors: Al-Balushi Mohammed , AL-Huseini Salim , Chan Moon Fai , Alkaabi Said , Balushi Naser Al , Al-Adawi Samir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive treatment method that is increasingly becoming prominent due to the limitations of existing pharmacopsychotherapy modalities. To date, a dearth of studies examines the awareness of rTMS among psychiatrists in the Arabian Gulf population. In this region, resistance to treatment is widespread due to the cultural attribution of ‘psychic pain’ to somatic attribution and the stigma associated with pharmaco-psychotherapy.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the understanding and attitudes of psychiatrists towards rTMS and determine the factors that contribute to the knowledge of rTMS in Oman.
Methods: A quantitative observational cross-sectional study will be conducted using an online survey. The survey will collect demographic information, and a validated measure was adopted to assess variation in knowledge and attitudes towards rTMS was adopted. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression will be performed to identify risk factors associated with knowledge levels.
Result: 50 psychiatrists participated in this study, resulting in a response rate of 83%. The average age of the participants was 32.7±4.3 years [26.0-41.0], with more than half being female (n=28, 56.0%) and residents (Junior/Senior) (n=25, 50.0%). Most of the sample were Omani (n=45, 90.0%) and worked in tertiary hospitals (n=38, 76.0%). The average scores for knowledge and attitudes towards rTMS in this sample were 14.5±3.8 and 22.5±6.3, respectively. The linear model showed that seniors and older had a higher level of knowledge than junior residents (ß=4.65, p<.001). Furthermore, participants who had access to an rTMS device at work had a higher level of knowledge than those who did not (ß=1.88, p=0.027).
Conclusion: Three factors significantly impact the knowledge of psychiatrists about rTMS: their higher educational level, the presence of an rTMS device at work, and the availability of standardized training in rTMS.
Kritik Ibn Hajar Terhadap ‘Ikrimah Perawi Khawarij Dalam Sahih Al-Bukhari
Authors: As'ad As'ad Kholilurrahman 
Published: August 2024

Kelompok-kelompok yang memiliki sekte aneh dan unik selalu menjadi sasaran kajian penting dalam kajian keislaman, terutama dalam ilmu hadis. Ulama memberikan identitas kepada kelompok-kelompok ini sebagai ahl al-ahwa wa al-bida’ (orang yang mengikuti hawa nafsunya dan membuat sesuatu yang baru dalam perkara agama). Salah satu periwayat adalah ‘Ikrimah Maula ibn ‘Abbas, yang termasuk dalam kelompok Khawarij, dan hadisnya termaktub dalam kitab Sahih al-Bukhari, sebuah kitab yang sangat terkenal atas keautentikannya. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk mengkaji hal ini dengan tujuan untuk memahami apa dan bagaimana priwayat ahl bid’ah dapat diterima hadisnya. Selain itu, perlu juga untuk melihat tanggapan Ibn Hajar terhadap periwayat ‘Ikrimah ini. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan atau (library research). Sumber datanya adalah karya-karya Ibn Hajar. Dengan melalui serangkaian masalah dan metode yang digunakan, menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa; ada tiga tuduhan yang dipaparkan oleh Ibn Hajar pertama, dituduh berbohong, kedua dituduh berpaham khawarij, ketiga dituduh suka memina-minta, kesemuanya merupakan tuduhan yang tidak ada bukti.
Spatial differences of dissolved organic matter composition and humification in an artificial lake
Authors: Zhang Jin , Tan Jiajia , Wang Yingjie 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The depth-dependent dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) structure and humification in an artificial lake limits the understanding of lake eutrophication and carbon cycling. Using fluorescence regional integration (FRI) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) models to analyze the 3D fluorescence spectroscopy dataset, we revealed the depth-dependent structure and vertical distribution of DOM in the estuarine and center regions of Lake Hongfeng. The percentage fluorescence response (Pi,n) showed humic acid is an important part of DOM in Lake Hongfeng. Fluorescence results show that the fulvic-like and protein-like materials in HF1-DOM located at the estuarine position showed greater variation in the middle stage, probably due to human influence and sediment suspension. Fluorescence index (PI+II+IV,n/PIII+V,n and FIC4/FIC3) can be used to indicate the degree of humification of DOM in artificial lakes. Results of each index show that the estuary is more affected by human activities, and the humification degree is significantly lower than that of the center of the lake. The evaluation index system of the humification degree of artificial lake established in this study can effectively predict the eutrophication state of the typical area of artificial lake and deeply understand the possible important influence of human activities on the carbon cycle of lake.
A Comparison of Antibiotics’ Resistance Patterns of E. coli and B. subtilis in their Biofilms and Planktonic Forms
Authors: Sharma Shagun , Jhalora Vandana , Mathur Shubhita , Bist Renu 
Published: August 2024

Background:
A biofilm refers to a community of microbial cells that adhere to surfaces
that are surrounded by an extracellular polymeric substance. Bacteria employ various
defence mechanisms, including biofilm formation, to enhance their survival and resistance
against antibiotics.

Objective:
The current study aims to investigate the resistance patterns of Escherichia coli (E.
coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) in both biofilms and their planktonic forms

Methods:
E. coli and B. subtilis were used to compare resistance patterns in biofilms versus
planktonic forms of bacteria. An antibiotic disc diffusion test was performed to check the resistance
pattern of biofilm and planktonic bacteria against different antibiotics such as penicillin
G, streptomycin, and ampicillin. Biofilm formation and its validation were done by using quantitative
(microtiter plate assay) and qualitative analysis (Congo red agar media).

Results:
A study of surface-association curves of E. coli and B. subtilis revealed that surface
adhesion in biofilms was continuously constant as compared to their planktonic forms, thereby
confirming the increased survival of bacteria in biofilms. Also, biofilms have shown high resistance
towards the penicillin G, ampicillin and streptomycin as compared to their planktonic
form.

Conclusion:
It is safely inferred that E. coli and B. subtilis, in their biofilms, become increasingly
resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin and streptomycin
Integral Membrane Protein Degradation: A Novel Paradigm by PROTAC Technology
Authors: Ray Priyanka , Nayak Aditi , Setua Saini 
Published: August 2024

:
Integral membrane proteins are attractive targets for therapeutic intervention due to their crucial roles in cellular functions and their involvement in
various diseases. However, targeting these proteins for degradation has posed significant challenges due to their complex structures and diverse
functions. The emergence of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) represents a groundbreaking paradigm shift in drug development, offering
a novel approach to address the degradation of integral membrane proteins. This review explores the innovative application of PROTAC
technology in inducing the degradation of integral membrane proteins. PROTACs are molecules that have two roles: they bring together specific
target proteins and E3 ubiquitin ligases, which help with ubiquitination and the degradation of proteins by proteasomes. As PROTACs are made up
of separate parts, they can be put together to make custom molecules that can target difficult targets, such as integral membrane proteins. This
review covers recent developments and advancements in the design and optimisation of PROTACs tailored for integral membrane protein
degradation. Furthermore, it also discusses the problems that come up when trying to target membrane proteins and how PROTACs solve these
problems by using ligands that can pass cell membranes and specifically interact with target proteins. It delves into the potential therapeutic
implications of degrading integral membrane proteins using PROTACs and elucidates the impact of this novel approach in treating diseases that
involve aberrant membrane protein expression or function by highlighting specific examples and case studies.