bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS MEASUREMENTS OF A FORCE TRANSDUCER AGAINST SMALL AND SHORT-DURATION IMPACT FORCES
Authors: Djamal Mitra , Watanabe Kazuhide , Irisa Kyohei , Prayogi Irfa Aji , Takita Akihiro , Yamaguchi Takao , Fujii Yusaku 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A method for evaluating the dynamic characteristics of force transducers against small and short-duration impact forces is developed. In this method, a small mass collides with a force transducer and the impact force is measured with high accuracy as the inertial force of the mass. A pneumatic linear bearing is used to achieve linear motion with sufficiently small friction acting on the mass, which is the moving part of the bearing. Small and short-duration impact forces with a maximum impact force of approximately 5 N and minimum half-value width of approximately 1 ms are applied to a force transducer and the impulse responses are evaluated.
The Geometry of Product Conjugate Connections
Authors: Blaga Adara M. , Crăşmăreanu Mircea 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Properties of pairs of product conjugate connections are stated with a special view towards the integrability of the given almost product structure. We define the analogous in product geometry of the structural and the virtual tensors from the Hermitian geometry and express the product conjugate connections in terms of these tensors. Some examples from the geometry of a pair of complementary distributions are discussed and for this case the above structural and virtual tensors are expressed in terms of O’Neill-Gray tensor fields.
Consistency Between Analytical and Finite Element Predictions for Safety of Cylindrical Pressure Vessels at Higher Temperatures
Authors: Iancu Otto Theodor , Erhard Anton , Otremba Frank , Sklorz Christian 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The prediction of the plastic collapse load of cylindrical pressure vessels is very often made by using expensive Finite Element computations. The calculation of the collapse load requires an elastic-plastic material model and the consideration of non-linear geometry effects. The plastic collapse load causes overall structural instability and cannot be determined directly from a Finite Element analysis. In the present paper the plastic collapse load for a cylindrical pressure vessel is determined by an analytical method based on a linear elastic perfectly plastic material model. When plasticity occurs the material is considered to be incompressible and the tensor of plastic strains to be parallel to the stress deviator tensor. In this case the finite stress-strain relationships of Henkel can be used for calculating the pressure for which plastic flow occurs. The analytical results are completely confirmed by Finite Element predictions.
Investigation of the Element Diffusion in Friction Welded X53CrMnNiN219 and X45CrSi93 Steels
Authors: Uzkut Mehmet , Ünlü Bekir Sadık , Yavuz Mesut , Akdag Mustafa 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In this study, high alloyed steel bars with a diameter of 12.30 mm made up of 1.4871 (X53CrMnNiN219) and 1.4718 (X45CrSi93) steels were used as experimental material for friction welding. Metallographic and X-ray diffraction investigations as well as microprobe sampling were performed on the samples. Mechanical orientation of particles caused by plastic deformation and carbide scattering has been observed. The diffusion behaviour has been investigated for the elements Cr, Ni, Mn, and Si, respectively. The existence of (Cr,Fe)7C3 carbides in the welding region was also observed.
Fluvial Landscape and the State: Property and the Gangetic Diaras in Colonial India, 1790s-1890s
Authors: Sinha Nitin 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Looking at the interplay of law and revenue as a means of understanding colonial practices and policies towards diaras, this paper addresses a relatively neglected field in the agrarian-ecological history of South Asia. The constant formation and disappearance of lands due to river shifts raised several issues. Among the most important from the viewpoint of the colonial state were secure revenue extraction and the fixation of proprietorial rights. Using a number of case-studies, the paper argues that, although maximisation of revenue did not necessarily mean the dilution of the idea of the Permanent Settlement, the state throughout the nineteenth century failed to arrive at a standardised set of practices because of its own structural (bureaucratic) incoherency, ideological underpinnings and the ecological settings.
Human Agency and Exotic Birds in New Zealand
Authors: Star Paul 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The subject of biological invasion is now accepted as a major theme in environmental history. This paper analyses the role of human agency in the deliberately managed invasion of British birds to New Zealand in the late nineteenth century, and finds both historical and ecological relevance in the available data. Evidence concerning these introductions, largely undertaken by acclimatisation societies, has already played a significant role in the development of biological invasion theory. Analysis of some of the data has been used by ecologists to confirm the importance of propagule pressure (introduction effort) in successful introduction. This paper exploits the recently increased accessibility of historic newspaper references to acclimatisation in New Zealand and stresses their importance. Firstly, they show the limits of the database used until now by ecologists when analysing the introductions. Secondly, a close case study sheds new light on the full potential for human agency with regard to introduction effort. The historic role of skilled individuals in perfecting and passing on management techniques, increasing acclimatisation success, is explored. Attention is also given to secondary, and even tertiary, releases of exotic birds from locally-established populations within New Zealand, accelerating the rate of spread. This indicates more active, multi-layered human involvement than that identified by ecologists in their numerical analyses. Finally, it is suggested that examination of historic New Zealand avian introductions may have relevance for present-day conservation biology, given the parallel between small exotic populations seeking to establish in a new location and small populations of endangered native species trying to avoid extinction. By 1900 there may already have been a transfer of technical expertise, gained from acclimatising exotics, to the newer task of conserving the indigenous.
Révéler l’Art Brut : À la recherche d’un musée idéal
Authors: Rousseau Valérie 
Published: April 2014

Jean Dubuffet thought of museums as «morgues for embalming» or «citadels of official culture», and denounced «the sterilized actions of their culturales pomp». The initiatives he led between 1945 and 1976, in order to define and finally institutionalize
Art Brut, forged in spite of apparent contradictions, a veritable museological reflection towards outsider works. Our article attempts to identify the strategies for the conservation and presentation of Art Brut by examining the initiatives that were prevalent during the inception of its very notion. We focus on certain seminal moments during Dubuffet’s singular contribution, targeting the resistance he observed and the museum approaches that he dispelled. By breaking away from the traditional museum and the practices in place at this time in the field of fine art, he virtually conceived of an «ideal museum», imbued with an ethnological sensibility, resonating with scientific values and responsive to the discourse of the intellectual community.
Updating the OMERACT Filter: Implications of Filter 2.0 to Select Outcome Instruments Through Assessment of “Truth”: Content, Face, and Construct Validity
Authors: Tugwell Peter , Boers Maarten , D’Agostino Maria-Antonietta , Beaton Dorcas , Boonen Annelies , Bingham Clifton O. , Choy Ernest , Conaghan Philip G. , Dougados Maxime , Duarte Catia , Furst Daniel E. , Guillemin Francis , Gossec Laure , Heiberg Turid , van der Heijde Désirée M. , Hewlett Sarah , Kirwan John R. , Kvien Tore K. , Landewé Robert B. , Mease Philip J. , Østergaard Mikkel , Simon Lee , Singh Jasvinder A. , Strand Vibeke , Wells George 
Published: April 2014

Objective.The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter provides guidelines for the development and validation of outcome measures for use in clinical research. The “Truth” section of the OMERACT Filter requires that criteria be met to demonstrate that the outcome instrument meets the criteria for content, face, and construct validity.Methods.Discussion groups critically reviewed a variety of ways in which case studies of current OMERACT Working Groups complied with the Truth component of the Filter and what issues remained to be resolved.Results.The case studies showed that there is broad agreement on criteria for meeting the Truth criteria through demonstration of content, face, and construct validity; however, several issues were identified that the Filter Working Group will need to address.Conclusion.These issues will require resolution to reach consensus on how Truth will be assessed for the proposed Filter 2.0 framework, for instruments to be endorsed by OMERACT.
Les « Mixed Martial Arts » sont-ils solubles dans la pulsion sexuelle de mort ?
Authors: Vannier Jean-Luc 
Published: April 2014

Pratique sportive de l’extrême, les « Mixed Martial Arts » (MMA) suscitent un questionnement psychanalytique sur la nature de l’énergie pulsionnelle indispensable tant à l’entraînement que lors d’un combat. Les adeptes des MMA se rapprochent de la définition freudienne de la « horde » et entretiennent un rapport pour le moins énigmatique, non dénué d’une sexualité « élargie », au corps de l’autre et à la douleur. La soumission de l’adversaire, but ultime d’un combat, dévoile des enjeux inconscients, notamment dans le registre du sadisme et des angoisses scopiques.
Despiking of magnetic resonance signals in time and wavelet domains
Authors: Costabel Stephan , Müller‐Petke Mike 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTIn this paper three different despiking methods for surface‐NMR data are investigated and compared. Two of these are applied in the time domain: a threshold is determined that identifies and marks a spiky event. Afterward, the marked time sequence is substituted with zeros or with the mean value of the signal amplitude of the measurement repetitions for the same passage on the time axis. The third despiking approach takes advantage of the wavelet‐like nature of spiky events. It isolates and eliminates spiky signals in the wavelet domain, i.e., after transforming a single record with the help of the discrete wavelet transform. The latter is able to reconstruct the original signal content in the (spike‐caused) distorted time sequence to some extent. If the spiky noise in surface‐NMR measurements consists mainly of single spiky events, the three despiking methods show very similar results and are able to remove spiky noise from data very effectively, as we can show with two real data examples. However, a synthetic study shows that, if a series of spikes within a relatively short period of time occurs, the wavelet‐based despiking approach shows significant shortcomings. Because the NMR signal content cannot be restored completely in a single record, the fitting of the signal after stacking leads to underestimation of the initial amplitude up to approximately 10%. Nevertheless, we can show that, in principle, the processing of surface‐NMR data in the wavelet domain works and can lead to the same results as straight‐forward applications. Moreover, wavelet‐based strategies have some interesting properties and thus have some potential for further development regarding surface‐NMR processing, which is discussed in detail.
Exploiting the MRS‐phase information to enhance detection of masked deep aquifers: examples from the Netherlands
Authors: Roy Jean , Lubczynski Maciek W. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTSeveral magnetic resonance soundings (MRS) in the Netherlands showed a monotonous single peak anomaly on the amplitude versus excitation moment sounding pattern, which were interpreted as a single aquifer when using an amplitude‐only mode MRS data inversion. However, in all these soundings, borehole logs documented the presence of two or three aquifers separated by clay‐rich aquitards in the first 100 m below ground surface. Such environments were electrically conductive so a phase excursion was noticeable on the MRS soundings. Multi‐aquifer systems, in a conductive environment, may show interference among signals originating from different parts of the systems including amplitude masking or destructive interference. A new version of an off‐the‐shelf MRS forward modelling and inversion tool (Samovar 11.3) allowing complex amplitude and phase inversion was used to detect and parameterize deep, MRS‐masked second aquifers at two selected sites in the Netherlands, one near Delft and one near Waalwijk. At the Delft site, the proposed strategy was effective in the detection and characterization of a second previously missed aquifer at 45 m below ground surface, while at the Waalwijk site, the second aquifer was not detected because of a considerably deeper aquifer at 85 m and too small excitation (6000 A ms). However, forward modelling showed that with a larger excitation moment (e.g., 13 000 A ms), detection and parameterization of the second aquifer would become possible when using both amplitude and phase.
Integrating MRS data with hydrologic model ‐ Carrizal Catchment (Spain)
Authors: Baroncini‐Turricchia G. , Francés A.P. , Lubczynski M.W. , Martínez‐Fernández J. , Roy J. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance sounding (MRS) provides quantitative hydrogeological information on hydrostratigraphy and hydraulic parameters of subsurface (e.g., flow and storage property of aquifers) that can be integrated in distributed hydrologic models. The hydraulic parameters are typically obtained by pumping tests. In this study, we propose an MRS integration method based on optimizing MRS estimates of aquifer hydraulic parameters through hydrologic model calibration.The proposed MRS integration method was applied in the 73 km2 Carrizal Catchment in Spain, characterized by a shallow unconfined aquifer with an unknown aquifer bottom. 12 MRS survey results were inverted with Samovar 11.3, schematized and integrated in the transient, distributed, coupled, hydrologic, MARMITES‐MODFLOW model. As the aquifer bottom was unknown, the aquifer was schematized into one unconfined layer of uniform thickness. For that layer, MRS estimators of specific yield and transmissivity/hydraulic conductivity were calculated as weighted averages of the inverted MRS layers. The MRS integration with hydrologic model was carried out by introducing multipliers of specific yield and transmissivity/hydraulic conductivity that were optimized during transient model calibration using 11 time‐series piezometric observation points. The optimized multipliers were 1.0 for specific yield and 3.5*10‐9 for hydraulic conductivity. These multipliers were used, and can be used in future MRS investigations in the Carrizal Catchment (and/or adjacent area with similar hydrogeological conditions), to convert MRS survey results into aquifer hydraulic parameters.The proposed method of MRS data integration in the hydrologic model of Carrizal Catchment not only allowed us to calibrate the model but also to confirm the functional capability of MRS in quantitative groundwater assessment. Most importantly however, it demonstrated that if pumping tests are not available, the use of MRS integrated in distributed coupled hydrological models, or even in standalone groundwater models, provides a valuable aquifer parameterization alternative.
Clinical approach to obscure GI bleeding - Diagnostic testing and management
Authors: Prabakaran Prashanth , Guda Nalini , Thomas Jacob , Heise Charles , Gopal Deepak 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) can present as a diagnostic dilemma and management can be challenging. The search for causes of OGIB is usually centered on visualizing the small bowel, and in the past decade, the technology to visualize the entire small bowel has significantly advanced. Moreover, small bowel endoscopic imaging has replaced, in many instances, prior radiographic evaluation for obscure GI bleeding. These new modalities, such as small bowel capsule endoscopy (CE), balloon-assisted deep enteroscopy [double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) and single balloon enteroscopy (SBE)], and overtube-assisted deep enteroscopy (spiral enteroscopy), are paving the way toward more accurately identifying and treating patients with OGIB. We will review the diagnostic modalities available in evaluating a patient with OGIB and also propose the management based on clinical and endoscopic findings.
Cystic lesion of pancreas - Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
Authors: Baijal Rajiv , R. Praveen Kumar H. , Gupta Deepakkumar T. , Shah Nimish , Amarapurkar D. , Gupte Parijat 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIntraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas is an intraductal mucin-producing epithelial neoplasm that arises from the main and/or branched pancreatic duct. It usually presents as cystic lesion of pancreas. There are well known differential diagnosis of cystic pancreatic lesion. Pancreatic cystic neoplasms are detected at an increasing frequency due to an increased use of abdominal imaging. The diagnosis and treatment of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (IPMN) of the pancreas has evolved over the past decade. IPMN represents a spectrum of disease, ranging from benign to malignant lesions, making the early detection and characterization of these lesions important. Definitive management is surgical resection for appropriate candidates, as benign lesions harbor malignant potential. IPMN has a prognosis, which is different from adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. We report a case of a 58-year-old male with intraductal papillary neoplasm involving main duct and side branches presenting to us with clinical symptoms of chronic pancreatitis with obstructive jaundice and cholangitis treated surgically.
Perceptions of Internal Medicine–Pediatrics Residents About Autonomy During Residency
Authors: Mieczkowski Alexandra E. , Rubio Doris , Van Deusen Reed 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Background
The development of autonomy is a key component of residency training. Although studies have examined levels of graduated autonomy within specialties, they have not, to our knowledge, examined how residents' perceptions of autonomy differ among specialties.

Objective
We surveyed residents in internal medicine–pediatrics programs to determine their perceptions of the autonomy they experienced when they were serving on internal medicine (IM) and pediatrics inpatient rotations.

Methods
In 2012, we administered a 24-item online survey to residents in 36 internal medicine–pediatrics programs.

Results
Of 698 eligible residents, 143 (20.5%) participated. Participants were distributed equally among all 4 postgraduate years and between IM and pediatrics rotations. Participants were more likely to agree they experienced an appropriate level of autonomy when they were on IM rotations than when they were on pediatrics rotations (97.9% versus 34.3%, P &lt; .001), were more likely to report experiencing frustration with too little oversight while on IM rotations (32.9% versus 2.2%, P &lt; .001), and were more likely to report experiencing frustration with too much oversight while on pediatrics rotations (48.2% versus 0.7%, P &lt; .001). Responses to items that described frequently encountered circumstances and hypothetical medical cases indicated participants were more likely to feel anxiety and discomfort with autonomous decision making while on pediatrics rotations.

Conclusions
Residents in internal medicine–pediatrics programs perceive significant differences in the autonomy they experience during IM and pediatrics rotations. This may influence their confidence in medical decision making.
Use of a Secure Social Media Platform to Facilitate Reflection in a Residency Program
Authors: Bernard Aaron W. , Kman Nicholas E. , Bernard Robert H. , Way David P. , Khandelwal Sorabh , Gorgas Diane L. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Background
Reflective writing is used to promote learning and professional growth in medical education. Sharing reflections with peers and supervisors facilitates feedback that enhances understanding.

Objective
We explored the feasibility of using a secure social media platform to share reflections and promote reflective discussions in an emergency medicine residency program.

Methods
This was a prospective pilot investigation evaluated with a poststudy opinion survey. Reflective discussions were also described using basic quantitative and qualitative methods.

Results
The 2-month, voluntary, pilot study included 21 faculty and 36 residents. Faculty posted reflections and replies (n  =  146) more frequently than residents did (n  =  48). Survey data suggested both groups found the platform engaging and easy to use, valued the security of the platform, and felt the conversations were valuable to their professional development.

Conclusions
Secure social media offers a feasible option for sharing reflections and facilitating reflective discussions in medical education.
Development and Performance of Electronic Acute Kidney Injury Triggers to Identify Pediatric Patients at Risk for Nephrotoxic Medication-associated Harm
Authors: Spires W.L. , Mottes T.A. , Schaffzin J.K. , Barclay C. , Goldstein S.L. , Kirkendall E.S. 
Published: April 2014

Summary
Background: Nephrotoxic medication-associated acute kidney injury (NTMx-AKI) is a costly clinical phenomenon and more common than previously recognized. Prior efforts to use technology to identify AKI have focused on detection after renal injury has occurred.
Objectives: Describe an approach and provide a technical framework for the creation of risk-stratifying AKI triggers and the development of an application to manage the AKI trigger data. Report the performance characteristics of those triggers and the refinement process and on the challenges of implementation.
Methods: Initial manual trigger screening guided design of an automated electronic trigger report. A web-based application was designed to alleviate inefficiency and serve as a user interface and central workspace for the project. Performance of the NTMx exposure trigger reports from September 2011 to September 2013 were evaluated using sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV).
Results: Automated reports were created to replace manual screening for NTMx-AKI. The initial performance of the NTMx exposure triggers for SN, SP, PPV, and NPV all were 0.78, and increased over the study, with all four measures reaching 0.95 consistently. A web-based application was implemented that simplifies data entry and couriering from the reports, expedites results viewing, and interfaces with an automated data visualization tool. Sociotechnical challenges were logged and reported.
Conclusion: We have built a risk-stratifying system based on electronic triggers that detects patients at-risk for NTMx-AKI before injury occurs. The performance of the NTMx-exposed reports has neared 100% through iterative optimization. The complexity of the trigger logic and clinical work-flows surrounding NTMx-AKI led to a challenging implementation, but one that has been successful from technical, clinical, and quality improvement standpoints. This report summarizes the construction of a trigger-based application, the performance of the triggers, and the challenges uncovered during the design, build, and implementation of the system.
Citation: Kirkendall ES, Spires WL, Mottes TA, Schaffzin JK, Barclay C, Goldstein SL. Development and performance of electronic acute kidney injury triggers to identify pediatric patients at risk for nephrotoxic medication-associated harm. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 313–333 http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-12-RA-0102