bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of cathelicidin LL37 in human anti-neutrophils cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis
Authors: Zhang Ying , Shi Weiwei , Tang Sha , Li Jingyi , Yin Shiwei , Gao Xuejing , Wang Li , Zou Liyun , Zhao Jinghong , Huang Yunjian , Shan Lianyu , Gounni Abdelilah S , Wu Yuzhang , Yuan Fahuan , Zhang Jingbo 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is characterised by the autoinflammation and necrosis of blood vessel walls. The renal involvement is commonly characterised by a pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (PiCGN) with a very rapid decline in renal function. Cathelicidin LL37, an endogenous antimicrobial peptide, has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. To assess whether serum LL37 reflects renal crescentic formation, we measured the serum levels of LL37 in AAV patients with and without crescentic glomerulonephritis (crescentic GN) as compared to healthy controls (HCs). We also analysed the correlation of the serum levels of LL37 and interferon-α (IFN-α) with the clinical characteristics of the patients.

Methods
The study population consisted of 85 AAV patients and 51 HCs. In 40 ANCA-positive patients, a parallel analysis was performed, including the assessment of LL37 and IFN-α levels in the serum and renal biopsies. Of those studied, 15 AAV patients had biopsy-proven crescentic GN, and 25 AAV patients lacked crescent formation. The serum levels of cathelicidin LL37 and IFN-α were both measured by ELISA, and the clinical and serological parameters were assessed according to routine procedures. Immunofluorescence staining was performed on frozen sections of kidney needle biopsies from AAV patients with crescentic GN.

Results
The serum levels of LL37 and IFN-α were significantly increased in AAV patients with crescentic GN compared to AAV patients without crescentic formation and HCs, and patients with high LL37 and IFN-α levels were more likely to be in the crescentic GN group. The LL37 levels were positively correlated with the IFN-α levels, and both LL37 and IFN-α levels showed a positive correlation with serum creatinine and no correlation with complement C3. The renal tissue of crescentic GN patients showed expression of LL37 and IFN-α at the Bowman’s capsule and extracellular sites, suggesting the active release of LL37 and IFN-α.

Conclusions
Significantly higher levels of LL-37 and IFN-α were observed in AAV patients, particularly those with crescentic formation, and LL37 and IFN-α were expressed in the renal tissue of patients with crescentic GN. These data suggest that serum levels of LL37 and IFN-α may reflect both local renal inflammation and systemic inflammation.
A missense mutation accelerating the gating of the lysosomal Cl-/H+-exchanger ClC-7/Ostm1 causes osteopetrosis with gingival hamartomas in cattle
Authors: Sartelet Arnaud , Stauber Tobias , Coppieters Wouter , Ludwig Carmen F. , Fasquelle Corinne , Druet Tom , Zhang Zhiyan , Ahariz Naima , Cambisano Nadine , Jentsch Thomas J. , Charlier Carole 
Published: October 2013

SummaryChloride/proton exchange by the lysosomal anion transporter ClC-7/Ostm1 is of pivotal importance for the physiology of lysosomes and bone resorption. Mice lacking either ClC-7 or Ostm1 develop a lysosomal storage disease and mutations in either protein have been found to underlie osteopetrosis in mice and humans. Some human disease-causing CLCN7 mutations accelerate the usually slow voltage-dependent gating of ClC-7/Ostm1. However, it has remained unclear whether the fastened kinetics is indeed causative for the disease. Here we identified and characterized a new deleterious ClC-7 mutation in Belgian Blue cattle with a severe symptomatology including perinatal lethality and in most cases gingival hamartomas. By autozygosity mapping and genome-wide sequencing we found a handful of candidate variants, including a cluster of three private SNPs causing the substitution of a conserved tyrosine in the CBS2 domain of ClC-7 by glutamine. The case for ClC-7 was strengthened by subsequent examination of affected calves that revealed severe osteopetrosis. The Y750Q mutation largely preserved the lysosomal localization and assembly of ClC-7/Ostm1, but drastically accelerated its activation by membrane depolarization. These data provide first evidence that accelerated ClC-7/Ostm1 gating per se is deleterious, highlighting a physiological importance of the slow voltage-activation of ClC-7/Ostm1 in lysosomal function and bone resorption.
Oleoylethanolamide enhances β-adrenergic-mediated thermogenesis and white-to-brown adipocyte phenotype in epididymal white adipose tissue in rat
Authors: Suárez Juan , Rivera Patricia , Arrabal Sergio , Crespillo Ana , Serrano Antonia , Baixeras Elena , Pavón Francisco J. , Cifuentes Manuel , Nogueiras Rubén , Ballesteros Joan , Dieguez Carlos , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando 
Published: October 2013

Summaryβ-adrenergic receptor activation promotes brown adipose tissue (BAT) β-oxidation and thermogenesis by burning fatty acids during uncoupling respiration. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) can inhibit feeding and stimulate lipolysis by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activating receptor-α (PPARα) in the white adipose tissue (WAT). Here we explore whether PPARα activation potentiates the effect of β3-adrenergic stimulation on energy balance mediated by the respective agonists OEA and CL316243. The effect of this pharmacological association was monitored on feeding, thermogenesis, β-oxidation and lipid/cholesterol metabolism in epididymal (e)WAT. CL316243 (1 mg/kg) and OEA (5 mg/kg) co-administration over 6 days enhanced the reduction of food intake and body weight gain, increased the energy expenditure and reduced the respiratory quotient (VCO2/VO2). This negative energy balance agreed with decreased fat mass and increased BAT weight and temperature, as well as lowered plasma levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, NEFAs and the adipokines leptin and TNF-α. Regarding eWAT, CL316243 and OEA treatment elevated the thermogenic factors PPARα and UCP1, reduced p38-MAPK phosphorylation, and promoted brown-like features in the white adipocytes, as the mitochondrial (Cox4i1, Cox4i2) and BAT (Fgf21, Prdm16) genes were over-expressed in eWAT. The enhancement of the fatty acid β-oxidation factors Cpt1b and Acox1 in eWAT was accompanied with an up-regulation of de novo lipogenesis and a reduction of the unsaturated fatty acid synthesis enzyme Scd1. We propose that the combination of β-adrenergic and PPARα receptor agonists promote therapeutic adipocyte remodelling in eWAT that confer a potential clinical utility for the treatment of obesity.
Job Hopping, Information Technology Spillovers, and Productivity Growth
Authors: Tambe Prasanna , Hitt Lorin M. 
Published: October 2013

The movement of information technology (IT) workers among firms is believed to be an important mechanism by which IT-related innovations diffuse throughout the economy. We use a newly developed source of employee microdata—an online resume database—to model IT workers' mobility patterns. We find that firms derive significant productivity benefits from the IT investments of other firms from which they hire IT labor. Our estimates indicate that over the last two decades, productivity spillovers from the IT investments of other firms transmitted through this channel have contributed 20%–30% as much to productivity growth as firms' own IT investments. Moreover, we find that the productivity benefits of locating near other IT-intensive firms can primarily be explained by the mobility of technical workers within the region. Our results are unique to the flow of IT workers among firms, not other occupations, which rules out some alternative explanations related to the similarity of firms that participate in the same labor flow network. This paper was accepted by Yu (Jeffrey) Hu, guest department editor, information systems.
The Potential Role of Oral Fluid in Antidoping Testing
Authors: Anizan Sebastien , Huestis Marilyn A 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurrently, urine and blood are the only matrices authorized for antidoping testing by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Although the usefulness of urine and blood is proven, issues remain for monitoring some drug classes and for drugs prohibited only in competition. The alternative matrix oral fluid (OF) may offer solutions to some of these issues. OF collection is easy, noninvasive, and sex neutral and is directly observed, limiting potential adulteration, a major problem for urine testing. OF is used to monitor drug intake in workplace, clinical toxicology, criminal justice, and driving under the influence of drugs programs and potentially could complement urine and blood for antidoping testing in sports.CONTENTThis review outlines the present state of knowledge and the advantages and limitations of OF testing for each of the WADA drug classes and the research needed to advance OF testing as a viable alternative for antidoping testing.SUMMARYDoping agents are either prohibited at all times or prohibited in competition only. Few OF data from controlled drug administration studies are available for substances banned at all times, whereas for some agents prohibited only in competition, sufficient data may be available to suggest appropriate analytes and cutoffs (analytical threshold concentrations) to identify recent drug use. Additional research is needed to characterize the disposition of many banned substances into OF; OF collection methods and doping agent stability in OF also require investigation to allow the accurate interpretation of OF tests for antidoping monitoring.
Barriers to Study Enrollment in Patients With Advanced Cancer Referred to a Phase I Clinical Trials Unit
Authors: Fu Siqing , McQuinn Lacey , Naing Aung , Wheler Jennifer J. , Janku Filip , Falchook Gerald S. , Piha-Paul Sarina A. , Tu Dennis , Howard Adrienne , Tsimberidou Apostolia , Zinner Ralph , Hong David S. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: October 2013

Learning Objectives
Assess barriers for advanced cancer patients to participate in phase I trials. Discuss strategies to improve the rate of enrollment of cancer patients in phase I trials.
Clinical Efficacy of Targeted Biologic Agents as Second-Line Therapy of Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Owonikoko Taofeek K. , Chowdry Rajasree P. , Chen Zhengjia , Kim Sungjin , Saba Nabil F. , Shin Dong M. , Khuri Fadlo R. 
Published: October 2013

Learning Objectives
List the therapeutic opportunities with tyrosine kinase inhibitors for advanced thyroid cancer, especially in the frontline setting. Describe and discuss the current knowledge and experience with salvage therapy with biologic agents for thyroid cancer.
Effect of a Lipid-Lowering Nutraceutical on Pulse-Wave-Velocity in Hypercholesterolemic
Patients with or without Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Cicero Arrigo F.G. , Parini Angelo , Rosticci Martina , Brancaleoni Barbara , Derosa Giuseppe , Grandi Elisa , Borghi Claudio 
Published: October 2013

The recent literature has put a large interest on nutraceuticals with lipid lowering activity for the management
of moderate cholesterolemia in subjects with mildly increased cardiovascular disease risk. The aim of our study was to
evaluate the middle-term effect of a combined lipid-lowering nutraceutical on lipid parameters and aortic stiffness.
For this study we consecutively enrolled 40 moderately hypercholesterolemic outpatients with mild-to-moderate chronic
kidney disease (CKD) and 40 cross-matched hypercholesterolemic subjects without CKD. All the patient were treated
daily with a combined nutraceutical containing red yeast rice (3 mg monacolin K) and berberine (500 mg). At the baseline
and after 6 months of treatment we measured blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ematochemistry parameters.
No significant change has been observed during the study in both groups regarding body mass index, blood pressure, liver
transaminases, creatinin-phosfokinase and eGFR.
In non CKD patients TC improved by (-21,6%), LDL-Cholesterol by (-24,2%), non HDL-Cholesterol (-24,0%) and TG (-
20,8%).
In CKD patients TC improved by (-21,1%), LDL-Cholesterol by (-23,7%), non HDL-Cholesterol (-23,9%) and TG (-
20,4%).
No difference among groups has been observed regarding the effects on lipid metabolism.
The PWV has significantly improved in both groups (p<0.01) without differences between groups.
In summary, a combined lipid-lowering nutraceutical improved lipid pattern and PWV in both non CKD and mild-tomoderate
CKD patients.
Introduction: ‘Dying for Gold’: The Effects of Mineral Miningon HIV, Tuberculosis, Silicosis, and Occupational Diseases in Southern Africa
Authors: Stuckler David , Steele Sarah , Lurie Mark , Basu Sanjay 
Published: October 2013

This article begins a special series, a roundtable discussion on mining activity and health, edited by David Stuckler, Sarah Steele, Mark Lurie, and Sanjay Basu. Mineral mining is among the world's most hazardous occupations. It is especially dangerous in southern Africa, where mining activity is a leading cause of HIV and tuberculosis epidemics. Inside mines, silica dust exposure causes long-term pulmonary damage. Living conditions are often substandard; poorly ventilated living quarters facilitate tuberculosis and airborne disease spread, and high rates of alcohol and tobacco use compromise immune responses. Family segregation, a legacy of apartheid's migrational labor system, increases the likelihood of risky sexual activity. Sex trafficking in women increases risks of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, and labor trafficking in men through poorly regulated labor brokering impedes access to health care. Labor migration spreads mining hazards to rural, labor-supplying communities. Cross-border care is often inadequate or nonexistent, contributing to significantly greater rates of extensive and multi-drug resistance in miners, ex-miners, their families, and communities. Miners in high-income countries, working for the same transnational companies, do not experience elevated rates of death and disability. Cost-effective interventions can reduce HIV incidence through social housing, curb trafficking of high-risk groups, stop tuberculosis spread through screening and detection, and reduce drug resistance by standardizing cross-border care. Urgent action is needed to respond to mining's staggering, yet avoidable disease toll in sub-Saharan Africa.
Analysis of sickle hemoglobin
Authors: Shrestha A , Karki S 
Published: October 2013

Background: Sickle Hemoglobin is the most common pathological hemoglobin mutation worldwide which forms sickle shape or elongated forms on deoxygenation. According to malaria hypothesis, there is resistance against malaria by the heterozygous carrier state. There is spread of Hb S allele from the highly malarial regions to most other regions worldwide. The study was conducted as Sickle Hemoglobin has been frequently seen in our institute. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of pathology, Maharajgunj medical campus, Tribhuwan University Teaching hospital, from January 2011 to January 2013. All the relevant data were obtained from the archives of the department. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed by Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis at alkaline pH Method. Sickling test was done using sodium dithionite. Results: A total of 35 cases were diagnosed as sickle cell disorder. The male: female ratio was 2.5:1with the commonest age group 11-20 years (42.8%). Sixty percent showed hemoglobin between 6-8 gm/ dl. Tharu, Chaudhary and Tharu, Rana (91.3%) were the commonest ethnic group with both sickle cell anemia and trait. Lama, Neupane and Baral suffered only from trait. Mean corpuscular volume ranged from 82 to 94 fL. On peripheral blood smear reversible and irreversible sickle cells were present in 88.56 % of cases and 11.42% were devoid of sickle cells. Sickling test was positive in all cases. On cellulose acetate electrophoresis 22 (62.85%) cases had Hb S, Hb F and Hb A2 or HbS and Hb A2 where as 13(37.1%) showed Hb S, Hb A and Hb A2 variants. Conclusion: The commonest ethnic group of Tharus(91.3%), Chaudhary and Rana are from Terai region of Nepal which is a malarial zone. However 8.4% of cases were seen in other ethnic group who are from non-endemic region. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i6.8989 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, 437-440
Donor Hemovigilance Programme in managing Blood Transfusion Needs: Complications of Whole Blood Donation
Authors: Mangwana S 
Published: October 2013

Background: Hemovigilance like quality systems and audits have become an integral part of Blood Transfusion Services in the developed countries and has contributed greatly to its development. Hemovigilance begins with donors and must enable the collection of information on reactions occurring during the donation of blood, selections of donors and to prevent such incidents. The aim of study was to help identify the trends of adverse events , occurring in blood donors at a tertiary-care hospital, to recommend best practices to improve donor care and safety Materials and Methods: This record-based study was conducted on all adverse events related to allogenic whole blood donations performed over 24 months. All whole blood donations were analyzed. All adverse events occurring during or at the end of the donation were noted using a standardized format and analyzed determining significance at p<0.05. Results: Overall rate was 0.3% with vasovagal reactions constituting 82%, and 18% mild syncopal reactions (p<0.001). Immediate vasovagal reaction with injury was very rare (0.007%). Vasovagal reactions showed a significant association with young age, female gender, first time donation status. Mean age of persons recording adverse effects was 30.23 ± 7.49 years as compared to those without adverse effects, 31.14 ± 8.56 years. Conclusion: Donor safety is an essential perquisite to increase voluntary blood donation. AE analysis helps in identifying the blood donors at risk of AE, applying appropriate motivational strategies, predonation counseling, care during and after donation, developing guidelines and hemovigilance programme in countries with limited resources. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i6.8993 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, 459-463
Pathological diagnosis of peritoneal loose body: a case report
Authors: Rajbhandari M , Karmacharya A , Shrestha S 
Published: October 2013

Peritoneal loose bodies are usually incidental findings at laparotomy. Their sizes range from that of a pea to giant loose bodies. We report a case of giant loose peritoneal body measuring 5x 4 cm found incidentally in a 67 year old man. Mobile pelvic masses are extremely rare findings. They are usually located in the pelvic cavity due to the fact that they gravitate to the most dependent part of the pelvic cavity. Usually these peritoneal loose bodies are left untreated until complications arise. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i6.9005 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, 512-514
Aristote, Poétique 1457 b 13-14 : la métaphore d'espèce à espèce
Authors: Picot Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2013

In order to illustrate a metaphor of species to species, Aristotle, in the Poetics (1457 b 13-14), quotes two fragments of a poet, without specifying the poet's name. The edition generally accepted of the second fragment, the one of R. Kassel (1965), is re-examined in the light of new data given by Marc. gr. 307 of Theo of Smyrna. One should not read τεμὼν ταναήκεϊ χαλκῷ (Kassel's edition) but τεμὼν ἀτειρέι χαλκῷ.
The two quotes found in the Poetics are not understood in an empedo- clean context, as H. Diels believes. There is no purification by water drawn in a container of bronze, after a murder by a bronze. It is to be understood differently, thanks to the Homeric background constituted by Iliad XIV 517-519 and Iliad III 292-295. Bronze draws blood and draws the forces of life until death.
Les débuts de la Révolution d’Espagne de 1808 vus de Londres par le rédacteur de L’Ambigu..., Jean-Gabriel Peltier
Authors: Dufour Gérard 
Published: October 2013

L’Ambigu ou Variétés politiques et littéraires, publié à Londres par l’émigré royaliste français Jean-Gabriel Peltier fut, pendant la Guerre d’Indépendance, de Cadix à Saint-Pétersbourg, une source d’informations privilégiée pour tous les rédacteurs de périodiques qui voulurent réfuter la propagande propagée par Le Moniteur et le Journal de l’Empire. Mais avant d’être l’un des « plus illustres et intrépides défenseurs du trône et de l’autel », et d’encourager les Espagnols à défendre par l’insurrection les droits de Ferdinand VII, Peltier eut quelque mal à réagir face aux événements d’Aranjuez et de Bayonne qui marquèrent le début de la Révolution d’Espagne de 1808. Rédigeant, au fur et à mesure, sa chronique politique d’après les seules informations fournies par la presse impériale, accumulant un retard important dans la publication des numéros de L’Ambigu, Peltier se montra évidemment extrêmement critique envers Napoléon, l’accusant même de lâcheté. Il se montra en revanche moins sévère à l’égard du Prince de la Paix. Mais il ne ménagea ni Charles IV, ni surtout Ferdinand (« le Niais »), et ses conseillers (des « enfants » et des « ânes ») et condamna sans appel une insurrection populaire qui ne pouvait qu’aggraver le sort des Espagnols. Ce n’est qu’après le discours de Georges III à l’occasion de la clôture de la session parlementaire, le 4 juillet 1808, que, cessant de n’utiliser que les informations fournies par le Moniteur et publiant force documents diffusés à Londres dès le 10 juin par les députés de la Junte Générale des Asturies auprès du gouvernement britannique, il devint le chantre de la « sainte insurrection d’Espagne » et l’enthousiaste défenseur de Ferdinand Le Désiré. Au-delà des vacillations d’un journaliste pris au dépourvu par des événements imprévus, l’attitude de Peltier nous renseigne également sur celui de son maître, Louis XVIII, qui se considérait comme le « chef de la maison de Bourbon » et n’apprécia pas davantage que lui l’attitude du Prince des Asturies à Aranjuez et à Bayonne.
George Lippard's Fragile Utopian Future and 1840s American Economic Turmoil
Authors: Williams Nathaniel 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
Nineteenth-century U.S. novelist and social activist George Lippard wrote his 1845 best seller, The Quaker City; or, The Monks of Monk Hall, in the wake of economic chaos following the Banking Panic of 1837. While most of the novel portrays sensationalized acts of violence and sexual aggression used to call attention to the dire social circumstances of his era, Lippard includes two contrasting prophecies of America's future: one, a dystopian nightmare set in A.D. 1950, and the other, a brief, utopian vision set in approximately A.D. 2040. Lippard's inclusion of this utopian revelation, which portrays a United States free of violence, provides insights into the fate of utopia in America during troubled economic times. This article examines Lippard's early brand of urban socialism and his role as a sensation novelist, noting his narrative method for articulating utopian ideas. By selecting a precariously stationed female character as his visionary, Lippard underscores the fragility of utopian potentiality amid 1840s U.S. economic chaos. Because of Lippard's allegorical structure, as his heroine is threatened, so too is the utopian future she foresees.