bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boron, nitrogen, and sulfur co‐doped carbon dots as a fluorescence probe for label‐free analysis of Hg2+
Authors: Ding Yu , Chen Yanyan , Wang Chaozhan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHg2+ is one of the most toxic heavy metals, posing a serious threat to the human body and the environmental ecosystem. In order to detect Hg2+ rapidly, accurately, and sensitively, a kind of boron, nitrogen, and sulfur co‐doped carbon dots (B,N,S‐CDs) were synthesized by a simple, economical, and direct hydrothermal method. The average size of the prepared B,N,S‐CDs is 2.7 ± 0.7 nm, and the high photoluminescence quantum yield is 67.6%. Furthermore, due to the efficient quenching effect of Hg2+, such B,N,S‐CDs are considered to serve as an efficient fluorescence sensing platform for label‐free and sensitive detection of Hg2+ with a detection limit of 72 nM. The selectivity experiments reveal that the B,N,S‐CDs are selective and specific for Hg2+ even in the presence of other interfering substances. Most importantly, the Hg2+ sensing platform based on B,N,S‐CDs can be successfully applied to the determination of Hg2+ in tap water and real lake water samples. This stable and inexpensive carbon material exhibits excellent sensitivity and selectivity, potentially suitable for Hg2+ monitoring in environmental applications.
Development of a research agenda for medical grade footwear in the Netherlands: A multidisciplinary multiphase project to determine the key research questions to advance scientific knowledge in the field
Authors: van Netten Jaap J. , Dahmen Rutger , Holtkamp Fred , Aussems Johanna P. , Jansen Gaston , Mik Esther , Bus Sicco A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe field of medical grade footwear is dynamic. Originally, a field where individual knowledge, expertise and skills determined the footwear and its outcomes, now becoming a more evidence‐based and data‐driven field with protocols and systems in place to create appropriate footwear. However, scientific evidence concerning medical grade footwear is still limited. Evidently, all stakeholders, from patients to pedorthists to rehabilitation physicians, will profit from a larger evidence‐base in this field. A widely supported research agenda is an essential first step to advance and facilitate new knowledge.MethodsWe formed a multidisciplinary team and followed the methodology from Dutch medical societies for the development of a research agenda on medical grade footwear. This consisted of seven steps: (1) inventory of relevant questions with users and professionals; (2) analyses of responses; (3) analyses of existing knowledge and evidence; (4) formulating research questions; (5) prioritising research questions by users and professionals; (6) finalising the research agenda and (7) implementing the research agenda.ResultsIn phase 1, 109 participants completed a survey, including 50% pedorthists, 6% rehabilitation physicians and 3% users. Participants provided 228 potential research questions. In phases 2–4, these were condensed to 65 research questions. In phase 5, 152 participants prioritised these 65 research questions, including 50% pedorthists, 13% rehabilitation physicians and 9% users. In phase 6, the final research agenda was created, with 26 research questions, categorised based on the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health ‘process description assistive devices’. In phase 7, an implementation meeting was held with over 50 stakeholders (including users and professionals), resulting in seven applications for research projects based on one or more research questions from the research agenda.ConclusionsThis research agenda structures and guides knowledge development within the field of medical grade footwear in the Netherlands and elsewhere. We expect that this will help to stimulate the field to tackle the research questions prioritised and with that to advance scientific knowledge in this field.
Hemodynamic Force Based on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: State of the Art and Perspective
Authors: Hou Yangzhen , Zhou Hui , Li Yajuan , Mao Ting , Luo Jing , Yang Ji 
Published: July 2024

Intracardiac blood flow has long been proposed to play a significant role in cardiac morphology and function. However, absolute blood pressure within the heart has mainly been measured by invasive catheterization, which limits its application. Hemodynamic force (HDF) is the global force of intracavitary blood flow acquired by integrating the intraventricular pressure gradient over the entire ventricle and thus may be a promising tool for accurately characterizing cardiac function. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging technology allow for a noninvasive measurement of HDF through both 4D flow cardiac MRI and cine cardiac MRI. The HDF time curve provides comprehensive data for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this review, a series of HDF parameters is introduced and a summary of the current literature regarding HDF in clinical practice is presented. Additionally, the current dilemmas and future prospects are discussed in order to contribute to the future research.Level of Evidence5.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Performance and projections of the NEX‐GDDP‐CMIP6 in simulating precipitation in the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado biomes
Authors: de Mendonça Leonardo Melo , Blanco Claudio José Cavalcante , da Silva Cruz Josias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe objective of this work is to provide projections of mean annual and monthly precipitation for the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado biomes, in the near‐term (2021–2040), medium‐term (2041–2060) and long‐term (2081–2100). The intermediate and most pessimistic Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios were considered. Thus, 34 high‐resolution global climate models (GCMs) from the NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX‐GDDP) Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) were evaluated. The base period evaluated was from 1981 to 2010. The NEX‐GDDP simulations are bias‐corrected and spatially disaggregated. The Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station v2.0 was chosen as the source of observed data due to low availability in situ data. The Kling‐Gupta efficiency (KGE) and the global performance indicator were implemented in Google Earth Engine to evaluate the GCMs. The results show that the GCMs perform satisfactorily, except for KACE‐1‐0‐G and IITM‐ESM. The median KGE is 0.86 for the biomes. Thus, the Ensemble Model of 32 GCMs (EM‐32) indicates a reduction in precipitation in the biomes, except the northern Cerrado. In the most pessimistic scenario, changes in annual precipitation range from 3% to −33% until the end of the century. The north‐central Amazon and the northwestern Cerrado are the most affected regions. In general, the monthly precipitations between September and November show the most intense decreasing rates. It is estimated that 91% and 23% of areas in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, respectively, show robust signs of reduction in mean annual precipitation. Thus, EM‐32 shows more intense and robust climate projections, in comparison to the total annual precipitation of the subset of 33 raw CMIP6 models from Working Group I of the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. Therefore, the EM‐32 precipitation projections can be applied to future hydrological and hydrosedimentological investigations.
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty approximates healthy knee kinematics more closely than total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Copp Elizabeth H. , Gale Tom H. , Byrapogu Venkata Kalyan C. , Urish Kenneth L. , Anderst William J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) are effective surgeries to treat end‐stage knee osteoarthritis. Clinicians assume that TKA alters knee kinematics while UKA preserves native knee kinematics; however, few studies of in vivo kinematics have evaluated this assumption. This study used biplane radiography to compare side‐to‐side tibiofemoral kinematics during chair rise, stair ascent, and walking in 16 patients who received either TKA or UKA. We hypothesized that TKA knees would have significant kinematic changes and increased asymmetry with the contralateral knee, while UKA knee kinematics would not change after surgery and preoperative knee symmetry would be maintained. Native bone and implant motion were tracked using a volumetric model‐based tracking technique. Six degrees of freedom kinematics were calculated throughout each motion. Kinematics were compared between the operated and contralateral knees pre‐ and post‐surgery using a linear mixed‐effects model. TKA knees became less varus with the tibia more medial, posterior, and distal relative to the femur. UKA knees became less varus with the tibia less lateral on average. Postoperative TKA knees were in less varus than UKA knees on average and at low flexion angles, with an internally rotated tibia during chair rise and stair ascent. At high flexion angles, the tibia was more medial and posterior after TKA than UKA. Side‐to‐side kinematic symmetry worsened after TKA but was maintained or improved after UKA. Greater understanding of kinematic differences between operated and contralateral knees after surgery may help surgeons understand why some patients remain unsatisfied with their new knees.
Microkinetic analysis of the CO2 effect on OCM over a La‐Sr/CaO catalyst
Authors: Cheng Yonggang , Mendes Pedro S. F. , Yazdani Parviz , Thybaut Joris W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGiven its role as a primary side product and a potential soft oxidant in the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM), understanding the effect of CO2 co‐feeding on OCM emerges as a key milestone to optimize the process. To grasp the molecular impact of CO2, a mechanistic investigation over a La‐Sr/CaO catalyst was carried out via microkinetic modeling. Seven catalyst descriptors with a precise physico‐chemical meaning were regressed for both pure O2 and CO2 co‐feeding in order to assess eventual structural changes induced in the catalyst by the presence of CO2 in the feed. Global significance was achieved in both regressions and experimental trends were successfully reproduced by the specifically determined catalyst descriptors. CO2 co‐feeding is deemed responsible for generating a new active phase, for example, by converting metal oxides into (oxy‐)carbonates, among others, resulting in a decrease in active site density (D16) from 10 × 10−5 mol/m2 to 7 × 10−5 mol/m2. In the presence of the CO2‐induced phase, the catalyst exhibits higher attraction for unsaturated hydrocarbons as indicated by the higher initial sticking probabilities of CH3• (D11) and C2H4 (D15), which increase from 4.9 × 10−4 to 8 × 10−2 and from 2.1 × 10−2 to 3 × 10−2, respectively. Additionally, there are also lower the overall energy barriers for the activation of hydrocarbons on the catalyst, stemming from the decrease in the H abstraction enthalpy from CH4 (D1) from 14 to 6 kJ/mol. The operating conditions, in particular the O2 content, are critical in distinguishing the effect of CO2 co‐feeding. While at typical operating conditions, CO2 promotes the total oxidation of methane, in the prerequisite of reduced amount of O2, it may also act as an additional oxygen donor. This work provides molecular details on the CO2 induced changes in catalyst properties but also provides unprecedent quantified insights of the reaction mechanism underlying experimental observations.
Acute ultraviolet B irradiation increases cholesterol and decreases Cyp7a1 expression in the liver of female mice
Authors: Yamane Takumi , Okumoto Takahiro , Tamura Tomoko , Oishi Yuichi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation impacts both skin and hepatic functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of UVB irradiation on cholesterol metabolism in the liver. Hairless mice were exposed to UVB (1.6 J/cm2) irradiation. Dorsal skin and liver samples were collected 24 h after exposure. Total RNA was extracted from the skin and liver tissues, and used for DNA microarray analysis and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hepatic mRNA expression of Cyp7a1 revealed a 4.4‐fold decrease in the UVB (+) group compared to that in the UVB (−) group. No differences were observed in the expression of the other genes related to cholesterol metabolism. Additionally, the level of hepatic total cholesterol in the UVB (+) group was significantly higher than in the UVB (−) group. These findings suggest that acute UVB irradiation increases total cholesterol levels and decreases Cyp7a1 expression in the liver.
Evaluating the eDNA spatial signal in natural populations and its application for the monitoring of the threatened Harttiella (Siluriformes, Loricariidae)
Authors: Condachou Céline , Coutant Opale , Brosse Sébastien , Murienne Jérôme 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo face the current downward trajectory of freshwater biodiversity loss, the implementation of effective biodiversity monitoring programs is of utmost importance. Environmental DNA offers unprecedented opportunities for this aim but several challenges still need to be addressed before implementing efficient species monitoring using eDNA. One of them is optimizing the eDNA sampling scheme to maximize the eDNA detection probability. For instance, in flowing freshwaters, the transport of eDNA downstream from its source can impact the eDNA detection probability, and blur the link between eDNA detection and the local occurrence of the species. Here, we investigated the eDNA spatial range of Harttiella lucifer (Siluriformes, Loricariidae), a threatened neotropical siluriform fish inhabiting French Guianese mountain streams, and confined to waterfalls and fast‐flowing environments. Environmental samples were collected at 11 sites from the H. lucifer population to 2000 m downstream. A species‐specific dPCR approach was applied to quantify the amount of DNA present in each sample and evaluate the eDNA detection probability of H. lucifer according to the distance from its source. Results showed an accumulation of eDNA at 50 and 100 m downstream from H. lucifer population. The evaluation of detection probabilities revealed that 300 m downstream from H. lucifer population, the probability of detection drops to 50%. This study suggests that eDNA drift in neotropical small streams is limited to a few tens meters downstream. These findings demonstrate that in neotropical small streams, eDNA provides a picture of the local fish fauna rather than integrating information over large spatial scales.
Pixelation with Concentration‐Encoded Effective Photons for Quantitative Molecular Optical Sectioning Microscopy
Authors: Wang Geng , Iyer Rishyashring R. , Sorrells Janet E. , Aksamitiene Edita , Chaney Eric J. , Renteria Carlos A. , Park Jaena , Shi Jindou , Sun Yi , Boppart Stephen A. , Tu Haohua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIrreproducibility in molecular optical sectioning microscopy has hindered the transformation of acquired digital images from qualitative descriptions to quantitative data. Although numerous tools, metrics, and phantoms have been developed, accurate quantitative comparisons of data from different microscopy systems with diverse acquisition conditions remains a challenge. Here, they develop a simple tool based on an absolute measurement of bulk fluorophore solutions with related Poisson photon statistics, to overcome this obstacle is developed. Demonstrated in a prototypical multiphoton microscope, this tool unifies the unit of pixelated measurement to enable objective comparison of imaging performance across different modalities, microscopes, components/settings, and molecular targets. The application of this tool in live specimens identifies an attractive methodology for quantitative imaging, which rapidly acquires low signal‐to‐noise frames with either gentle illumination or low‐concentration fluorescence labeling.
Epidermal growth factor receptor‑targeted antibody nimotuzumab combined with chemoradiotherapy improves survival in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score matching real‐world study
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhang Xinxin , Lang Jinyi , Wu Shaoxiong , Sun Yan , Wang Peiguo , Qiu Sufang , Huang Xiaodong , Ren Guoxin , Liu Kun , Du Xiaojing , Xiao Shaowen , Wang Zhongqiu , Weng Youliang , Zhang Ye , Zhou Hang , Tu Wenyong , Zhang Chenping , Yi Junlin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPatients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA‐HNSCC) have poor survival outcomes. The real‐world efficacy of nimotuzumab plus intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)‐based chemoradiotherapy in patients with LA‐HNSCC remains unclear. A total of 25,442 HNSCC patients were screened, and 612 patients were matched by propensity score matching (PSM) (1:1). PSM was utilized to balance known confounding factors. Patients who completed at least five doses of nimotuzumab were identified as study group. The primary end point was 3‐year overall survival (OS) rate. Log‐rank test examined the difference between two survival curves and Cloglog transformation test was performed to compare survival at a fixed time point. The median follow‐up time was 54.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.7–55.9) months. The study group was associated with improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.57–0.99, p = 0.038) and progression‐free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58–0.96, p = 0.021). Subgroup analysis revealed that aged 50–60 year, IV, N2, radiotherapy dose ≥ 60 Gy, without previous surgery, and neoadjuvant therapy have a trend of survival benefit with nimotuzumab. Nimotuzumab showed favorable safety, only 0.2% had nimotuzumab‐related severe adverse events. Our study indicated the nimotuzumab plus chemoradiotherapy provides survival benefits and safety for LA‐HNSCC patients in an IMRT era.
Registered general nurses' health assessment practices in a tertiary hospital: A focused ethnography study
Authors: Salifu Mohammed Awal , Salifu David Abdulai , Gross Janet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the assumptions and values that influence nursing health assessment practices among registered general nurses in general medical and surgical wards.DesignThe study was designed as a focused ethnography.MethodsA semi‐structured interview guide was used to explore prevailing nursing health assessment practices of 13 registered general nurses in an attempt to explore the assumptions and values influencing health assessment practices in the study setting. Data were analysed inductively using an interpretive qualitative content analysis method.ResultsNursing health assessment practices, and underlying assumptions and values were underpinned by a central theme of a culture of low expectation relating to nursing health assessment. The culture of low expectation was highlighted in five themes: (1) Unsystematic Assessment of Health Status, (2) Purpose of Nursing Health Assessment, (3) The Role of Nursing Educational and Regulatory Institutions, (4) Ward Ethos and (5) The Role of Organizational and Ward Leadership.ImplicationThe adoption of a holistic nursing health assessment framework with a clearly defined purpose of aiding nursing diagnoses can guide patient‐centred care delivery and facilitate early recognition of physiological deterioration.Patient or Public ContributionThirteen registered general nurses were interviewed, and the initial findings returned to them for validation.ConclusionThe potential contribution of nursing health assessment to nursing practice and patient outcomes may not be fully realized if nursing health assessment is not situated within a holistic health assessment model with a clearly defined purpose for nursing practice.
Experimental study on mechanical responses of 3D needle‐punched composite preforms at different needling densities: Failure structures, tensile and interlayer peeling strengths
Authors: Han Zian , Wang Xi , Wu Hui , Gao Xiaoping , Xu Peng , Pan Tiandi , Gao Mingze , You Geyi , Du Peijian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, needle‐punched quartz fiber felt / fabrics preforms (NQFFPs) with a wide needling densities (NDs) range from 70 to 280 punches/cm2 were manufactured, then the inner correlation among the NDs, mechanical properties and structural failure modes were studied and revealed. Firstly, the effects of NDs on mechanical strengths, which included tensile and interlayer peeling strengths of NQFFPs, were analyzed through experimental methods. Moreover, MATLAB software was applied to fit the NDs‐mechanical strength curves, then best fitting equations were defined to characterize the change rules between NDs and mechanical strengths. Additionally, with NDs increment, tensile strengths decreased from 0.727 to 0.0925 MPa, whereas interlayer peeling strengths increased from 83.46 to 135.04 N/m. Afterwards, the 3D image technology was utilized to capture failure morphologies of NQFFPs at different NDs from tensile and interlayer peeling experiments, which furtherly revealed the failure mechanisms of NQFFPs at different NDs. This work is significant for the engineering manufacturing and application of needle‐punched preforms and the composites.Highlights
Failure structure characteristics of NQFFPs at different NDs were captured.
Change rules between NDs and strengths were characterized by math equations.
The correlation among NDs, fracture morphologies and strengths was revealed.
An oil‐on‐water minimum quantity lubrication technology for high‐quality grinding of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites
Authors: Li Pulin , Zhao Huan , Yan Xin , Wen Zihang , Wang Rongguo , Ding Han 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composites, known for their excellent mechanical properties and environmental sustainability, are highly sought‐after in aerospace, energy, and many other fields. Grinding could be used to realize the high‐accuracy and low‐damage machining of CFRTP components. However, due to the temperature sensitivity and water absorption of CFRTP, dry and flood lubrication grinding could cause thermal damage and hygrothermal aging, respectively. In addition, these methods could lead to dust and excessive cutting fluids harmful to the environment. Addressing these bottlenecks, this study is the first to propose using oil‐on‐water minimum quantity lubrication (OoW‐MQL) to grind CFRTP. Experiments including various lubricating conditions and grinding parameters were performed to investigate the grinding performance. Experimental results showed that OoW‐MQL with the oil–water proportion of 1:1 outperformed the other lubricating conditions, achieving the best surface quality with the lowest grinding forces and temperatures. The optimal oil–water proportion remained almost unchanged under different grinding parameters. Furthermore, importance analysis using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm demonstrated that oil–water proportion was the most critical factor affecting surface roughness. This study proves the feasibility of OoW‐MQL and provides technical guidance for high‐quality grinding of CFRTP.Highlights
Oil‐on‐water minimum quantity lubrication (OoW‐MQL) was proposed to grind carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composites.
The experimental results of grinding forces, grinding temperatures, surface roughness and surface morphologies were analyzed, which proved that OoW‐MQL with oil–water proportion (1,1) had outstanding lubricating and cooling capability.
The effect of grinding parameters on the optimal oil–water proportion was proved to be negligible through comparative tests under grinding parameters of high force and high temperature.
Quantitative analysis using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm identified the oil–water proportion as the most critical factor influencing surface roughness.