bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Analyses ofTrichoderma reeseiLAE1 Reveal Conserved and Contrasting Roles of This Regulator
Authors: Karimi-Aghcheh Razieh , Bok Jin Woo , Phatale Pallavi A , Smith Kristina M , Baker Scott E , Lichius Alexander , Omann Markus , Zeilinger Susanne , Seiboth Bernhard , Rhee Catherine , Keller Nancy P , Freitag Michael , Kubicek Christian P 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe putative methyltransferase LaeA is a global regulator that affects the expression of multiple secondary metabolite gene clusters in several fungi, and it can modify heterochromatin structure in Aspergillus nidulans. We have recently shown that the LaeA ortholog of Trichoderma reesei (LAE1), a fungus that is an industrial producer of cellulase and hemicellulase enzymes, regulates the expression of cellulases and polysaccharide hydrolases. To learn more about the function of LAE1 in T. reesei, we assessed the effect of deletion and overexpression of lae1 on genome-wide gene expression. We found that in addition to positively regulating 7 of 17 polyketide or nonribosomal peptide synthases, genes encoding ankyrin-proteins, iron uptake, heterokaryon incompatibility proteins, PTH11-receptors, and oxidases/monoxygenases are major gene categories also regulated by LAE1. chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing with antibodies against histone modifications known to be associated with transcriptionally active (H3K4me2 and -me3) or silent (H3K9me3) chromatin detected 4089 genes bearing one or more of these methylation marks, of which 75 exhibited a correlation between either H3K4me2 or H3K4me3 and regulation by LAE1. Transformation of a laeA-null mutant of A. nidulans with the T. reesei lae1 gene did not rescue sterigmatocystin formation and further impaired sexual development. LAE1 did not interact with A. nidulans VeA in yeast two-hybrid assays, whereas it interacted with the T. reesei VeA ortholog, VEL1. LAE1 was shown to be required for the expression of vel1, whereas the orthologs of velB and VosA are unaffected by lae1 deletion. Our data show that the biological roles of A. nidulans LaeA and T. reesei LAE1 are much less conserved than hitherto thought. In T. reesei, LAE1 appears predominantly to regulate genes increasing relative fitness in its environment.
Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in Youth With Recent Onset of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kriska Andrea , Delahanty Linda , Edelstein Sharon , Amodei Nancy , Chadwick Jennifer , Copeland Kenneth , Galvin Bryan , El ghormli Laure , Haymond Morey , Kelsey Megan , Lassiter Chad , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth , Milaszewski Kerry , Syme Amy 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE:
With the rise of type 2 diabetes in youth, it is critical to investigate factors such as physical activity (PA) and time spent sedentary that may be contributing to this public health problem. This article describes PA and sedentary time in a large cohort of youth with type 2 diabetes and compares these levels with other large-scale investigations.

METHODS:
The Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) trial is a study in 699 youth, recruited from 15 US clinical centers, aged 10 to 17 years with &lt;2 years of type 2 diabetes and a BMI ≥85th percentile.

RESULTS:
In comparison with the subset of the NHANES cohort who were obese (BMI ≥95th percentile), TODAY youth spent significantly more time being sedentary (difference averaging 56 minutes per day; P &lt; .001) as assessed by accelerometry. Although moderate to vigorous activity levels in both obese cohorts for all age groups were exceptionally low, younger TODAY boys were still significantly less active than similarly aged NHANES youth. Comparisons between the TODAY girls and other investigations suggest that the TODAY girls also had relatively lower PA and fitness levels.

CONCLUSIONS:
Adolescents with type 2 diabetes from the large TODAY cohort appear to be less physically active and tend to spend more time being sedentary than similarly aged youth without diabetes identified from other large national investigations. Treatment efforts in adolescents with type 2 diabetes should include decreasing sitting along with efforts to increase PA levels.
Disparities in Transition Planning for Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Cheak-Zamora Nancy C. , Yang Xuejing , Farmer Janet E. , Clark Mary 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE:
Little is known about accessibility to health care transition (HCT) services for youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study expands our understanding by examining the receipt of HCT services in youth with ASD compared with youth with other special health care needs (OSHCN).

METHODS:
We used the 2005–2006 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs to examine receipt of HCT services for youth (aged 12–17 years) with ASD and youth with OSHCN. Logistic regression analyses explored whether individual, family, or health system factors were associated with receipt of HCT services for youth with ASD.

RESULTS:
Whereas half of youth with OSHCN received HCT services, less than a quarter of youth with ASD did. Only 14% of youth with ASD had a discussion with their pediatrician about transitioning to an adult provider, less than a quarter had a discussion about health insurance retention, and just under half discussed adult health care needs or were encouraged to take on appropriate responsibility. Logistic regression analyses indicated that having a developmental disability or multiple health conditions in addition to ASD and quality of health care were strong predictors of HCT, whereas demographic and family variables accounted for little variance.

CONCLUSIONS:
Youth with ASD experience disparities in access to HCT services. Youth with comorbid conditions are at greatest risk for poor access to HCT services and increased quality of care has a positive effect. Research is needed to understand barriers to care and develop policy and practice guidelines tailored for youth with ASD.
Analysing urban floods and combined sewer overflows in a changing climate
Authors: Nilsen V. , Lier J. A. , Bjerkholt J. T. , Lindholm O. G. 
Published: February 2013

Climate change is expected to lead to an increased frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events. For urban drainage, the primary adverse effects are more frequent and severe sewer overloading and flooding in urban areas, and higher discharges through combined sewer overflows (CSO). For assessing the possible effects of climate change, urban drainage models are run with climate-change-adjusted input data. However, current climate models are run on a spatial–temporal scale that is too coarse to resolve processes relevant to urban drainage modelling, in particular convective precipitation events.
In the work reported here the delta-change method was used to develop a high-resolution time series of precipitation for the period 2071–2100 based on a recently produced climate model precipitation time series for Oslo. The present and future performance of the sewer networks was determined using MOUSE software. The simulations indicated future increases in annual CSO discharge of 33% when comparing years of maximum annual runoff. There is also an 83% increase in annual CSO discharge when comparing years of maximum annual precipitation. In addition, there are increases in the flooding of manholes and increased levels of backwater in pipes, which translates into more flooding of basements.
Surgical and nonsurgical treatment of peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in dogs and cats: 58 cases (1999–2008)
Authors: Burns Colby G. , Bergh Mary Sarah , McLoughlin Mary A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine clinical findings and outcomes for cats and dogs with peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) treated surgically or nonsurgically.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—28 dogs and 30 cats.
Procedures—Medical records for cats and dogs evaluated at 1 of 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were reviewed, and data regarding clinical signs, diagnostic and surgical findings, and outcome were evaluated.
Results—Prevalence of PPDH in the 2 hospitals during the study period was 0.025% (0.062% and 0.015% for cats and dogs, respectively); PPDH was an incidental finding for 13 (46.4%) dogs and 15 (50.0%) cats. Other congenital abnormalities were identified in 16 (571%) dogs and 7 (23.3%) cats (most commonly umbilical hernias, abdominal wall hernias cranial to the umbilicus, or sternal anomalies). Thirty-four (58.6%) animals underwent surgical repair of PPDH; 27 (79.4%) of these animals had a primary diagnosis of PPDH. Detection of clinical signs of PPDH (primary diagnosis) and intestines in the pericardial sac were significantly associated with surgical treatment. Short-term mortality rate for surgically treated animals was 8.8% (3/34). Clinical signs associated with PPDH resolved in 29 (85.3%) of surgically treated animals. No significant differences were detected between dogs and cats or between surgically and nonsurgically treated animals regarding long-term survival rate.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of this study indicated animals with clinical signs of PPDH were more likely to undergo surgery than were animals without such signs. Herniorrhaphy was typically effective for resolution of clinical signs. Long-term survival rates were similar regardless of treatment method. Surgical or nonsurgical treatment of PPDH may be appropriate for animals with or without clinical signs, respectively.
Spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to reactive bronchopneumopathy in a dog
Authors: Boudreau Bianca , Nelson Laura L. , Carey Stephan A. , Williams Kurt J. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Case Description—An 8-year-old 38-kg (84-lb) castrated male German Shepherd Dog cross was evaluated because of respiratory distress secondary to pneumothorax (detected radio-graphically prior to referral).
Clinical Findings—CT of the thorax confirmed the presence of pneumothorax and revealed pulmonary blebs without evidence of infiltrative pulmonary changes. A tentative diagnosis of primary spontaneous pneumothorax was made.
Treatment and Outcome—Exploratory median sternotomy revealed emphysematous changes along the margins of all lung lobes, with the ventral margins of the left cranial, right cranial, and right middle lung lobes most affected. Partial lobectomies of the ventral aspects of these lobes were performed. Histologic examination of tissue samples from the lung lobes revealed diffuse smooth muscle hypertrophy of the terminal and respiratory bronchioles with moderate numbers of peribronchiolar eosinophils. Mucus plugs and mucous cell metaplasia within the airway epithelium were also evident. After surgery, clinical signs resolved and the dog was discharged from the hospital 2 days later. Eight months after surgery, the dog developed a mild cough, and treatment with prednisolone (tapering dosage starting at 0.5 mg/kg [0.023 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h) was initiated. Dosage reduction resulted in recurrence of coughing; however, with continued prednisolone treatment at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg, PO, once daily, the dog was not coughing at 10 months after surgery.
Clinical Relevance—Reactive bronchopneumopathy should be included as a differential diagnosis for spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs.
FROM COCHLEAR IMPLANTS TO BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES
Authors: Tadeusiewicz Ryszard , Rotter Paweł 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In this article two groups of technologies based on connecting a medical device to the human brain are presented. The first group exploits the existing nerves, like the cochlear implant where ear prosthesis is connected to the auditory nerve. Another group is based on a direct connection between an electronic device and the human brain and it is called Brain-Computer Interfaces. The article contains the description of these technologies, points out their current capabilities and limitations and the main barriers to further development. The authors indicate possible directions of future expansion of the discussed technologies.
Physical activity of soldiers in the Polish Armed Force’s military
administration units and special units
Authors: Tomczak Andrzej 
Published: February 2013

Summary

Study aim: To determine physical activity levels of soldiers in military administration units and special units.

Material and methods: The research included 58 military administration soldiers (male) and 45 special unit soldiers.
The average age of the military administration soldiers was 45.2 ± 5.54 years, whereas in the case of special unit
soldiers it was 31.4 ± 4.40 years. The research tool employed was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire
(IPAQ), long version, last 7 days.

Results: According to the adopted criteria, all special unit soldiers and 41.4% of the military administration soldiers
were assigned a high level of physical activity (p<0.001). Of the researched soldiers in the military administrative
units, 29.3% were assigned to the adequate level and 29.3% were assigned to the inadequate level. One in two soldiers
from military administration units does not participate in mandatory physical education classes nor do they compensate
for the shortage of physical activity in their leisure time.

Conclusions: Definite steps should be taken regarding broadly based promotion of health and physical activity among
Polish Armed Forces soldiers.
Effects of vertical, horizontal, and combination depth jump training
on long jump performance
Authors: Singh Dalwinder , Singh Sukhwinder 
Published: February 2013

Summary

Study aim: To assess the effects of vertical, horizontal, and combination depth jump training programs on the performance
of the running long jump by male athletes.

Material and methods: A total of 80 physical education students ranging in age between 18-21 years with mean depth
jump performance of 44.3 ± 5.13 cm from a 45 cm high box were purposively selected to act as subjects. The subjects
were randomly assigned to vertical depth jump training (VD), horizontal depth jump training (HD), the combination
of both (CD), and a control group (CG). Each week, experimental groups performed 6 sets (10 repetitions per
set) twice a week for 10 weeks of depth jump training from a height of 20 cm, which progressed to 40 cm according
to the step method. Running long jump (RLJ) was measured before and after 10 weeks. Analysis of covariance, with
pre-test scores as a covariate, was applied to compare scores. A pairwise comparison was done by using the Scheffe’s post-hoc test.

Results: The average increase of RLJ performance in groups VD (0.17 m) and CD (0.23 m) was significantly different
(p<0.05) than in group CG (0.05 m). Improvement in group HD (0.12 m) was not significantly different than in
group CG; moreover, no significant difference existed between training groups.

Conclusions: A combination of both vertical and horizontal depth jumping is required for long jumpers, with a higher
proportion of vertical depth jumping.
Generation changes over the period of 1986-2006 in the physical
fitness of boys aged 7-19 from eastern Poland at particular stages
of education
Authors: Saczuk Jerzy , Wasiluk Agnieszka , Zalech Mirosław 
Published: February 2013

Summary

Study aim: To assess the size of secular trends in the physical fitness of boys from eastern Poland taking into consideration
stages of education.

Material and methods: The physical fitness results of boys aged 7-19 years living in eastern regions of Poland were
analyzed: 3188 students were examined in 1986 while in 2006 the research included 10 810 boys. In both examinations
(1986 and 2006), the level of motor abilities was measured according to the guidelines of the International Physical
Fitness Test. The individual results of children and youth examined in 2006, which took into account calendar age,
were converted into points on a T scale, with means and standard deviations from 1986 accepted as norms. On the
basis of the obtained point values and taking into account stages of education (7-9 – integrated teaching, 10-12 – primary
school, 13-15 – lower-secondary school, 16-18 – upper-secondary school), arithmetic means and dispersion values
concerning motor abilities in the groups were calculated. Individual results in motor abilities of every subject were
used to define quantitative generation changes. Differences between the means obtained in 1986 and 2006, as well
as between the fractions of boys qualified for respective fitness category in both examinations, were assessed.

Results: Over the 2-decade period the boys from eastern Poland slightly improved their results only as far as sit-ups
are concerned (1.47 points), while the level of bent arm hang, handgrip, 50 m run, and shuttle run 4×10 m remained
the same. In contrast, negative changes were observed in the long run (4.44 points), the sit-and-reach test (4.47 points),
and the standing broad jump (3.74 points). The greatest decline in motor abilities was noted amongst schoolchildren
from integrated education classes (2.69 points); whereas the smallest decline was noted in adolescents from lower
secondary schools (0.60 points).

Conclusions: The changes noted in physical fitness indicate that in the context of health the revision of the Act on
Physical Culture from 2002, which reduced the number of school’s physical education classes, is a debatable issue.
Body image of adolescent boys
Authors: Turski Jakub , Głogowska Joanna , Wilczkiewicz Marcin , Stupnicki Romuald 
Published: February 2013

Summary

Study aim: To compare the perception of own body by adolescent boys with an external assessment.

Material and methods: Two groups of boys (45 from Warsaw, aged 15 – 16 years, and 49 from a small town in South-
Eastern Poland, aged 16 years) were studied by using standard body image templates containing 9 shapes. Every boy
indicated the perceived shape and that he wished to have. The external assessment was done by the same investigator
and that assessment served to classify boys as underweight (n = 4), normal (n = 51) or overweight (n = 39; Shapes 1
– 2, 3 – 4 and 5 – 9, respectively) and to correlate the scores with BMI.

Results: The external and self-assessments were concordant in overweight boys, the desired shapes being significantly
lower only in Group 1. The percentage of overweight boys was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Group 1 than in
Group 2. “Normal” boys from Group 1 significantly (p<0.001) overrated their body shape compared with external
rating. External ratings of body shape significantly correlated with BMI values in both groups alike (r = 0.82, p<0.001).

Conclusions: The presented approach to body shape studies may contribute to preventing biosocial disorders in
adolescent boys brought about by thoughtless striving for an ideal shape promoted by mass media.
Effects of stretching exercises on primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent
girls
Authors: Shahr-jerdy Shahnaz , Hosseini Rahman Sheikh , Gh Maghsoud Eivazi 
Published: February 2013

Summary

Study aim: To assess the effect of one term of stretching exercise on primary dysmenorrhea in high school students.

Material and methods: 179 single girls aged 15-17 years with moderate-to-severe primary dysmenorrhea were selected
from 6 high schools located in 2 different city zones. The students were non-athletes and volunteered for the study.
The participants were randomly divided into 2 groups: an experimental group (n = 124) and a control group (n = 55).
In the intervention group, the subjects were requested to complete an active stretching exercise for 8 weeks (3 days
per week, 2 times per day, 10 minutes each time) at home. In the pre-test, all of subjects were examined for pain intensity
(10-point scale), pain duration, and the use of sedative tablets in 2 continuous menstruation cycles. The posttest
was examined 8 weeks later.

Results: After 8 weeks, pain intensity was reduced from 7.65 to 4.88, pain duration was decreased from 7.48 to 3.86
hours, and use of sedative tablets was decreased from 1.65 to 0.79 tablets in the experimental group (p<0.05). In the
control group, a significant decline was only noted for pain duration (p<0.001).

Conclusions: Stretching exercises are effective in reducing pain intensity, pain duration, and the amount of painkillers
used by girls with primary dysmenorrhea.
The Principles and the Specifics of Trading in Commodities
Authors: Baran Dušan , Herbacsková Anita 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In the present period of instability on financial markets, investments in commodities are the solution for elimination of the consequences of inflation and ensure the yield. When investing in commodities, the use of specifics of commodities compared to other assets. The distribution of commodities we can interpret for agricultural commodities, commodities of energy, precious and other metals, and weather. Therefore, in the framework of the investment portfolio are the commodities. This is the reason why one of the most popular types of investment assets now become commodities. In the interpretation of particular commodities we talk about commodity futures. The reason is that the spot market with commodities is limited storage facilities. The growth of the popularity, which allows a wide range of commodities, has caused that in addition to from institutional investors and speculators for trade may involve even small investors. This development will be supplemented by interpretation of the charts and figers, which will be commented and used for generalization of knowledge. Finally, the article will be interpreted by the further development of the market for commodities as it by article assumes from the results of research.
Individualisation of Lean Concept in Companies Dealing with Mass Production
Authors: Bednár Roman 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The methods of lean manufacturing primarily designed for businesses dealing with serial production, are also used in other types of production. However the concept of lean production was not designed for these types of businesses, they are utilized only partially. Paper focuses on applying methods of lean concept in companies which are dealing with mass production and their options of exchange for other methods in the event of disagreement. Basis of the article is a list of lean methods with its description and its utilization in practice. The questionnaire was utilized to identify information from the practice. Based on this survey were identified the critical methods that are no longer appropriate for companies dealing with mass production. However, there are alternative methods of describing the problem. It is possible to say that companies are trying to get closer to their goal by modification of the basic concepts. And the concept of Lean Enterprise serves as a standard.
Equipment Categorization as a Basis to Improve the Organization of Maintenance
Authors: Drahňovský Juraj 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Each enterprise must worry about its technical equipment. There are many concepts and strategies to improve the management of the maintenance, e. g. TPM, RBI, LCC, CBM, RCM etc. However, the basis for each one of these systems should be the equipment categorization. The purpose of categorization is to classify equipments according to the type of risk associated with their main function. This allows to focus attention on the parameters and the criteria used to assign the degree of risk when the equipment fails and to determine the proper method of maintenance.
The Statistical Regulation Of The Turning Process
Authors: Lestyánszka Škủrková Katarína 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This article has been handled of statistics pursing of capability process of turning by screws production in RIBE Slovakia, k.s. Objective of the statistical assessment process is to determine whether all major manageable causes of instability of the process have been removed. The basis for statistical regulation is management of production processes. If a process operates with large number of random effects, the resulting distribution has the character of a normal distribution. As the result showed on based of quality control charts for average and standard deviation (X, R) we are able to say that the turning process is under the statistics control.