bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choice of cochlear implant side in a paediatric population
Authors: Sürmelioğlu Ö , Çetik F , Tarkan Ö , Özdemir S , Tuncer Ü , Kiroğlu M , Şahin R 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjective:To compare the effect of right- or left-sided cochlear implantation on listening skills in a paediatric population.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the listening skills performance data of children who were operated on and followed up at the Çukurova University Department of Otorhinolaryngology between 2007 and 2011. Sixty-three patients were included in the study. Patients were evaluated using the Listening Progress Profile, the Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale and the littlEARS test.Results:The mean age of the children was two years (range of one to five years). Twenty-nine patients were male and 34 were female. Twenty-eight patients were implanted in the right ear and 35 in the left ear. There were no statistically significant differences between right and left ear implantees in terms of listening skills performance.Conclusion:This study indicates that the choice of cochlear implant side is not crucial for the development of listening skills.
Structure and dynamics of Gobiidae larvae (Teleostei, Perciformes) in a tropical estuary: seasonal relationships with tidal cycles
Authors: Gomes Eduardo A.P. , Bonecker Ana C.T. 
Published: June 2014

This study aims to describe the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of Gobiidae larvae at a tropical estuarine system in south-east Brazil (Macaé). The samples were collected in six stations, through oblique hauls using a bongo net (330 µm mesh size), coupled to a flowmeter, during the night in the ebb and flood tides in March, July and October 2006 and in February 2007. In the Macaé River estuary was collected a total of 1,234 Gobiidae larvae, representing nine taxa. The highest densities occurred in the river mouth during the flood tide in the rainy season. The most abundant groups were: Gobiosoma parri, Gobionellus oceanicus and Ctenogobius boleosoma. Gobiosoma parri was also dominant at the Macaé estuary, which also presented higher densities in the coastal stations during the rainy season (March), both the flood as the ebb tide. Gobionellus oceanicus and Ctenogobius boleosoma were characteristic of the dry season in the mouth and river stations during the flood tide. The abiotic factors chlorophyll-a and temperature were considered biologically significant for Gobiidae larvae distribution. The spatial and seasonal variations together with the tide influence the distribution of the fish larvae Gobiidae family in the Macaé River estuary and its coastal zone.
The potential distribution of the Vulnerable African lion Panthera leo in the face of changing global climate
Authors: Peterson A. Townsend , Radocy Thomas , Hall Erin , Kerbis Peterhans Julian C. , Celesia Gastone G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe objective of this study is to estimate possible impacts of global climate change on the geographical distribution of the African lion Panthera leo in the coming decades. Current lion population occurrence data across Africa and distributions of lions in historical times (6,000–100 years before present) were obtained from the literature and integrated with data on present-day climates to generate ecological niche models. Models based on distributions of African lions were tested for predictive ability based on various subsetting approaches and were projected across Asia, Africa and Europe, to retrodict the distribution of the species for the past 6,000 years. These models were highly accurate, giving confidence in future projections. Future potential distributions were predicted by projecting ecological niche models onto three climate scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions based on eight climate models for the years 2040–2070. The prediction was of relative range stability into the future: few new areas were identified as becoming suitable for the species but large areas of southern Africa and West Africa are expected to become less suitable. Predictions of effects of climate change on potential distributions of lions may assist conservation efforts by clarifying options for mitigation and response.
Besnoitia besnoitiandToxoplasma gondii: two apicomplexan strategies to manipulate the host cell centrosome and Golgi apparatus
Authors: CARDOSO RITA , NOLASCO SOFIA , GONÇALVES JOÃO , CORTES HELDER C. , LEITÃO ALEXANDRE , SOARES HELENA 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYBesnoitia besnoitiandToxoplasma gondiiare two closely related parasites that interact with the host cell microtubule cytoskeleton during host cell invasion. Here we studied the relationship between the ability of these parasites to invade and to recruit the host cell centrosome and the Golgi apparatus. We observed thatT. gondiirecruits the host cell centrosome towards the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), whereasB. besnoitidoes not. Notably, both parasites recruit the host Golgi apparatus to the PV but its organization is affected in different ways. We also investigated the impact of depleting and over-expressing the host centrosomal protein TBCCD1, involved in centrosome positioning and Golgi apparatus integrity, on the ability of these parasites to invade and replicate.Toxoplasma gondiireplication rate decreases in cells over-expressing TBCCD1 but not in TBCCD1-depleted cells; while forB. besnoitino differences were found. However,B. besnoitipromotes a reorganization of the Golgi ribbon previously fragmented by TBCCD1 depletion. These results suggest that successful establishment of PVs in the host cell requires modulation of the Golgi apparatus which probably involves modifications in microtubule cytoskeleton organization and dynamics. These differences in howT. gondiiandB. besnoitiinteract with their host cells may indicate different evolutionary paths.
Bartonella clarridgeiae and Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii exposure in captive wild canids in Brazil
Authors: FLEISCHMAN D. A. , CHOMEL B. B. , KASTEN R. W. , ANDRÉ M. R. , GONÇALVES L. R. , MACHADO R. Z. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYWild canids are potential hosts for numerous species of Bartonella, yet little research has been done to quantify their infection rates in South America. We sought to investigate Bartonella seroprevalence in captive wild canids from 19 zoos in São Paulo and Mato Grosso states, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 97 wild canids belonging to four different native species and three European wolves (Canis lupus). Indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing was performed to detect the presence of B. henselae, B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, B. clarridgeiae, and B. rochalimae. Overall, Bartonella antibodies were detected in 11 of the canids, including five (12·8%) of 39 crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous), three (11·1%) of 27 bush dogs (Speothos venaticus), two (8·7%) of 23 maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and one (12·5%) of eight hoary foxes (Lycalopex vetulus), with titres ranging from 1:64 to 1:512. Knowing that many species of canids make excellent reservoir hosts for Bartonella, and that there is zoonotic potential for all Bartonella spp. tested for, it will be important to conduct further research in non-captive wild canids to gain an accurate understanding of Bartonella infection in free-ranging wild canids in South America.
The inverse relationship between food price and energy density: is it spurious?
Authors: Davis George C , Carlson Andrea 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveAn important debate in the literature is whether or not higher energy-dense foods are cheaper than less energy-dense foods. The present communication develops and applies an easy statistical test to determine if the relationship between food price and energy density is an artifact of how the data units are constructed (i.e. is it ‘spurious’ or ‘real’?).DesignAfter matching data on 4430 different foods from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with corresponding prices from the Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion’s Food Prices Database, we use a simple regression model to test if the relationship between food price and energy density is ‘real’ or ‘spurious’.SettingUSA.SubjectsTotal sample size is 4430 observations of consumed foods from 4578 participants from the non-institutionalized US adult population (aged 19 years and over).ResultsOver all 4430 foods, the null hypothesis of a spurious inverse relationship between food price per energy density and energy density is not rejected. When the analysis is broken down by twenty-five food groups, there are only two cases where the inverse relationship is not spurious. In fact, the majority of non-spurious relationships between food price and energy density are positive, not negative.ConclusionsOne of the main arguments put forth regarding the poor diet quality of low-income households is that high energy-dense food is cheaper than lower energy-dense food. We find almost no statistical support for higher energy-dense food being cheaper than low energy-dense food. While economics certainly plays a role in explaining low nutritional quality, more sophisticated economic arguments are required and discussed.
Let’s talk about health: shoppers’ discourse regarding health while food shopping
Authors: O’Brien Michelle C , McConnon Aine , Hollywood Lynsey E , Cuskelly Geraldine J , Barnett Julie , Raats Monique , Dean Moira 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to examine the role of health in consumers’ food purchasing decisions through investigating the nature of people’s discourse regarding health while conducting their food shopping.DesignThe study employed the think-aloud technique as part of an accompanied shop. All mentions of health and terms relating to health were identified from the data set. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted to examine how health was talked about in relation to people’s food choice decisions.SettingSupermarkets in Dublin, Republic of Ireland and Belfast, Northern Ireland.SubjectsParticipants (n50) were aged over 18 years and represented the main household shopper.ResultsResponsibility for others and the perceived need to illicit strict control to avoid ‘unhealthy’ food selections played a dominant role in how health was talked about during the accompanied shop. Consequently healthy shopping was viewed as difficult and effort was required to make the healthy choice, with shoppers relating to product-based inferences to support their decisions.ConclusionsThis qualitative exploration has provided evidence of a number of factors influencing the consideration of health during consumers’ food shopping. These results highlight opportunities for stakeholders such as public health bodies and the food industry to explore further ways to help enable consumers make healthy food choices.
Psychosocial experiences in the context of life-threatening illness: The cardiac rehabilitation patient
Authors: Holder Gerard N. , Young William C. , Nadarajah Sheeba R. , Berger Ann M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjective:One of the most prevalent life-threatening illnesses is heart disease. The initial trauma of being diagnosed with a life-threatening illness or having a cardiac event can begin a psychosocial chain reaction that results in a transformation of the lives of these patients. The goal of our study was to investigate the lived experiences of psychosocial healing in rehabilitation of cardiac patients using a qualitative written interview.Method:A purposive sample of 14 cardiac event survivors was recruited. Participants were interviewed after informed consent and screening. We used a qualitative analysis and model-revision approach similar to the procedure outlined by Charmaz (2006).Results:Participants consistently mentioned that a heightened awareness of mortality was a motivating factor that led to participants focusing more on their family and relationships, having an enhanced outlook on life, and making healthy lifestyle changes.Significance of results:If clinicians are able to employ a measure to better understand the nature of a patient's progression from cardiac event to successful recovery, interventions such as cardiac rehabilitation can be implemented earlier and more effectively during the course of the illness and recovery phases of treatment. Theoretically, this early detection of a patient's progression could reduce the time spent recovering from a cardiac event, and it would allow treatments for these conditions to better alleviate the psychosocial concerns faced by patients.
ON THE WAY TO A WIDER MODEL THEORY: COMPLETENESS THEOREMS FOR FIRST-ORDER LOGICS OF FORMAL INCONSISTENCY
Authors: CARNIELLI WALTER , CONIGLIO MARCELO E. , PODIACKI RODRIGO , RODRIGUES TARCÍSIO 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper investigates the question of characterizing first-orderLFIs (logics of formal inconsistency) by means of two-valued semantics.LFIs are powerful paraconsistent logics that encode classical logic and permit a finer distinction between contradictions and inconsistencies, with a deep involvement in philosophical and foundational questions. Although focused on just one particular case, namely, the quantified logicQmbC, the method proposed here is completely general for this kind of logics, and can be easily extended to a large family of quantified paraconsistent logics, supplying a sound and complete semantical interpretation for such logics. However, certain subtleties involving term substitution and replacement, that are hidden in classical structures, have to be taken into account when one ventures into the realm of nonclassical reasoning. This paper shows how such difficulties can be overcome, and offers detailed proofs showing that a smooth treatment of semantical characterization can be given to all such logics. Although the paper is well-endowed in technical details and results, it has a significant philosophical aside: it shows how slight extensions of classical methods can be used to construct the basic model theory of logics that are weaker than traditional logic due to the absence of certain rules present in classical logic. Several such logics, however, as in the case of theLFIs treated here, are notorious for their wealth of models precisely because they do not make indiscriminate use of certain rules; these models thus require new methods. In the case of this paper, by just appealing to a refined version of the Principle of Explosion, or Pseudo-Scotus, some new constructions and crafty solutions to certain nonobvious subtleties are proposed. The result is that a richer extension of model theory can be inaugurated, with interest not only for paraconsistency, but hopefully to other enlargements of traditional logic.
Differential role of nonhomologous end joining factors in the generation, DNA damage response, and myeloid differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Felgentreff Kerstin , Du Likun , Weinacht Katja G. , Dobbs Kerry , Bartish Margarita , Giliani Silvia , Schlaeger Thorsten , DeVine Alexander , Schambach Axel , Woodbine Lisa J. , Davies Graham , Baxi Sachin N. , van der Burg Mirjam , Bleesing Jack , Gennery Andrew , Manis John , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , Notarangelo Luigi D. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
In this study, we compare the differential impact of nonhomologous end-joining–deficient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients with mutations in genes encoding DNA ligase 4, DNA-protein kinase catalytic subunit, or Artemis, on cellular reprogramming, DNA damage repair, and myeloid differentiation. We found a predominant role for ligase 4 in genomic stability and myeloid differentiation of iPSCs, but a minor one for Artemis. Disease modeling with patient-derived iPSCs may provide significant insights into phenotypic variability associated with mutations in various genes along the same pathway and may serve as a platform to explore tissue-specific consequences of single gene defects and development of therapeutic interventions.
Structural basis for simultaneous recognition of anO-glycan and its attached peptide of mucin family by immune receptor PILRα
Authors: Kuroki Kimiko , Wang Jing , Ose Toyoyuki , Yamaguchi Munechika , Tabata Shigekazu , Maita Nobuo , Nakamura Seiko , Kajikawa Mizuho , Kogure Amane , Satoh Takeshi , Arase Hisashi , Maenaka Katsumi 
Published: June 2014

SignificanceHere we show that both sialylatedO-linked sugar T antigen (sTn) and its attached peptide are required for recognition of paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor α (PILRα) byO-glycosylated mucin and related proteins. The crystal structure of PILRα complexed with theO-glycosylated peptide reasonably explains this simultaneous recognition of both the sTnO-glycan and the compact peptide structure, distinct from other sugar-recognition receptors. The structure provides a novel framework for the receptor-binding mode ofO-glycosylated mucin proteins, which are relevant in immune responses and viral infection.
Differential targeting of VDAC3 mRNA isoforms influences mitochondria morphology
Authors: Michaud Morgane , Ubrig Elodie , Filleur Sophie , Erhardt Mathieu , Ephritikhine Geneviève , Maréchal-Drouard Laurence , Duchêne Anne-Marie 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Eukaryotic cells have developed a variety of mechanisms to sort proteins into distinct intracellular compartments, using protein signals and potentially mRNA localization. Most mitochondrial proteins are nucleus-encoded and imported into mitochondria. The amino acid signals and receptors involved in import are now well characterized. However, a new model is emerging, involving mRNA targeting in mitochondrial protein import. In this work, we show that two mRNA isoforms encoding a mitochondrial porin are differentially targeted to the mitochondrial surface. The mRNA sorting signal has been identified and can be used as a tool to target a reporter RNA to mitochondria. Moreover, the differential mRNA targeting impacts mitochondria morphology and size, demonstrating the role of mRNA targeting in mitochondria biogenesis.
Female hurricanes are deadlier than male hurricanes
Authors: Jung Kiju , Shavitt Sharon , Viswanathan Madhu , Hilbe Joseph M. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Meteorologists and geoscientists have called for greater consideration of social science factors that predict responses to natural hazards. We answer this call by highlighting the influence of an unexplored social factor, gender-based expectations, on the human toll of hurricanes that are assigned gendered names. Feminine-named hurricanes (vs. masculine-named hurricanes) cause significantly more deaths, apparently because they lead to lower perceived risk and consequently less preparedness. Using names such as Eloise or Charlie for referencing hurricanes has been thought by meteorologists to enhance the clarity and recall of storm information. We show that this practice also taps into well-developed and widely held gender stereotypes, with potentially deadly consequences. Implications are discussed for understanding and shaping human responses to natural hazard warnings.
Measuring hydrogen exchange rates in invisible protein excited states
Authors: Long Dong , Bouvignies Guillaume , Kay Lewis E. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Site-specific rates of exchange of amide hydrogens with solvent protons are important parameters for characterizing protein structure and dynamics, providing insight into a range of biomolecular processes. In typical hydrogen exchange experiments, measured rates reflect exchange from all accessible states of a protein. Here we describe an NMR approach for measuring exchange rates in sparsely populated, transiently formed conformational states that interconvert with a highly populated and long-lived ground state. An application to a protein folding reaction of the Fyn SH3 domain is provided to illustrate the methodology, establishing that robust measures of hydrogen exchange are obtained both for the ground, native state and the invisible, unfolded state that are uncontaminated by the folding exchange process.
Contact inhibition and high cell density deactivate the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, thus suppressing the senescence program
Authors: Leontieva Olga V. , Demidenko Zoya N. , Blagosklonny Mikhail V. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
This work solves longstanding mysteries in the field of contact inhibition (CI), cancer, and aging. As shown here during CI, cells do not undergo senescence, thus resuming proliferation after replating. We found that CI was associated with inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which is required for the senescence program. In cancer cells, lacking CI, mTOR was still inhibited in high cell density by an alternative mechanism. Our work explains why CI is reversible and how cells can avoid senescence in vivo, allowing the organism to last for decades. Implications for cancer therapy are discussed.
Type I interferon is a therapeutic target for virus-induced lethal vascular damage
Authors: Baccala Roberto , Welch Megan J. , Gonzalez-Quintial Rosana , Walsh Kevin B. , Teijaro John R. , Nguyen Anthony , Ng Cherie T. , Sullivan Brian M. , Zarpellon Alessandro , Ruggeri Zaverio M. , de la Torre Juan Carlos , Theofilopoulos Argyrios N. , Oldstone Michael B. A. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Lassa virus is, after dengue virus, the second most common cause of viral hemorrhagic fever. In susceptible individuals, Lassa virus infection is associated with vascular permeability, leading to tissue edema, organ failure, and death. Hemorrhagic fever viruses efficiently infect vascular endothelial cells, but are generally considered noncytopathic. Thus, the mechanism of virus-induced vascular injury remains unclear. Using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus variant clone 13, a prototype of Lassa virus, we show here that lethal vascular leakage in susceptible mice was completely prevented by type I IFN receptor blockade. Therefore, approaches that target type I IFNs or effector molecules induced by these cytokines may be considered for the treatment of Lassa fever and other severe hemorrhagic viral illnesses.
Risso's dolphin depredation in the Azorean hand-jig squid fishery: assessing the impacts and evaluating effectiveness of acoustic deterrents
Authors: Cruz Maria João , Jordão Vera Leal , Pereira João Gil , Santos Ricardo Serrão , Silva Mónica A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDepredation by cetaceans is a growing problem that may have serious economic implications for fisheries and for dolphin conservation. We investigated depredation by Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus) in the hand-jig squid fishery around the Azores to determine the factors that may influence depredation behaviour and impacts on the fishery, and conducted experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of acoustic deterrent devices. Monitoring of the interaction between dolphins and the fishery was carried out through interviews with fishers and observations made from fishing vessels. Depredation was reported in 50% of the 506 interviews conducted from 2009 to 2011 and Risso's dolphins were reportedly responsible for 92% of the depredation events. Risso's dolphin depredation was recorded in 33% of the observed fishing trips (n = 96). Generalized additive models revealed that depth, sea surface temperature, and fishing time were important factors affecting depredation probability. Generalized linear models showed that fishing time also influenced the number of squids depredated, with greater catch losses predicted as duration of the fishing events increased. Depredation rate was calculated at 3% yielding an estimate of 8–12 t of squid lost to dolphins per year and an annual economic loss of €50 000 for the squid fishery of S. Miguel. The use of pingers had no significant effect on the catch per unit effort of squids. Depredation rates were similar for the control (0.20), inactive (0.19), and active (0.19) pinger conditions. Models indicated no significant effect of pinger brand and condition on cetacean depredation. This study is the first attempt to monitor depredation by Risso's dolphins on a hand-jig squid fishery providing a scientific basis for future management of interactions between cetaceans and fisheries.