bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulse response measurement for locating water tree degradation in XLPE cables
Authors: Hiei Susumu , Hozumi Naohiro , Kurihara Takashi , Okamoto Tatsuki , Uchida Katsumi , Tsuji Taizo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWater treeing is a degradation mode of power cable with polymeric insulation. A water tree is composed of small droplets filled with water. As the conductivity in a water tree is very high, it leads to dielectric breakdown when it grows. Because the inside of the water tree is filled with trap sites, it is polarized with a certain distribution of relaxation time when a DC poling voltage is applied. Although its depolarization process after removing the poling voltage depends on the ambient temperature, applying a “depolarizing voltage” with the opposite polarity can accelerate the process. If a short pulse propagating through the cable is employed as a depolarization voltage, we may locate the water tree by looking at the time‐resolved pulse response. This would lead to a diagnosis method with spatial resolution. In order to retain 100‐m spatial resolution, the response should be as sharp as 1 μs. As a preliminary study, a coaxial communication cable was aged to form water trees. A DC poling voltage was applied followed by a pulse voltage with opposite polarity. The rise time of the pulse was several hundreds of microseconds. A sharp pulse current response 50 μs wide was observed, suggesting that rapid depolarization took place. No such response was seen when the cable specimen was not aged. We concluded that the technique is quite feasible. Because the response was found to be as quick as several microseconds, an experiment using a cable 405 m long with 5 m of degraded length in the middle was performed. It was shown that the degraded point was successfully located. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(3): 18–24, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21294
Basic study of aerial flashover characteristics generated from pore of insulating solid
Authors: Murakami Yoshinobu , Kitani Hiroki , Shirai Jotaro , Nagao Masayuki , Naito Norikazu , Hatano Kazuhisa , Kawamura Hirotoshi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper reports a study on the possibility of an aerial flashover between a coil conductor and a casing in rotating machines under the application of a lower voltage than Paschen's voltage, even when enough insulation distance is secured. The time lag to aerial flashover originating from surface flashover was measured. To understand the aerial flashover influenced by the parameters of the voltage application circuit, the aerial flashover distance was measured using a cable which had a simulated pore to confirm the above issue. The surface flashover characteristic was also measured using a photomultiplier tube (PMT). It became clear that aerial flashover occurred a few milliseconds after surface flashover generation. After showing the peak, the aerial flashover distance decreased with increasing time constant. The surface flashover time estimated by the PMT output exhibited different values with change of capacitance when the time constant is larger. On the other hand, the average surface flashover current was almost the same in spite of the change of capacitance. From these results, it was concluded that the aerial flashover distance was influenced by the time constant of the circuit. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(3): 9–17, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21295
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Aryl Iodides with Sulfinamides
Authors: Belfrage Anna Karin , Wakchaure Prasad , Larhed Mats , Sandström Anja 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA facile palladium(0)‐catalyzed carbonylative protocol for the generation of new acyl‐sulfinamides in moderate to good yields is described. Aliphatic and aromatic sulfinamides were exploited as hitherto unexplored nucleophiles in carbonylation chemistry, with use of CO gas generated ex situ from Mo(CO)6 in a sealed two‐chamber system. Both electron‐poor and electron‐rich (hetero)aryl iodides were employed as electrophiles. The two‐chamber system and the use of an inorganic base were essential for efficacious synthesis of acyl‐sulfinamide products. Finally, it was demonstrated that a one‐pot (or single‐vial) synthesis of acyl‐sulfinamides was feasible under CO at balloon pressure in the presence of Cs2CO3 as base.
Synthesis of a Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of the O‐Antigen from Burkholderia multivorans and Its Oligomers
Authors: Zhang Xin , Gu Guofeng , Guo Zhongwu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBurkholderia multivorans is a Gram‐negative bacterium, and an important opportunistic human pathogen that can cause fatal infections. Its O‐antigens are useful templates for the development of carbohydrate‐based vaccines. A highly convergent and efficient strategy was developed for the synthesis of tri‐, hexa‐, and nonasaccharide fragments of the O‐antigen of B. multivorans species Y. In these syntheses, a trisaccharyl thioglycoside, which was assembled from thiomannoside acceptor and rhamnosyl and mannosyl trichloroacetimidate donors, was used as a key building block. Glycosylation of 3‐azidopropanol with the trisaccharyl donor followed by global deprotection gave the target trisaccharide. The trisaccharyl donor was also used to elongate the carbohydrate chain to obtain the dimer and trimer in a [3 + 3] and [3 + 3 + 3] manner. All of the synthetic targets have a free amino group at their reducing end to facilitate further derivatization, such as conjugation with other functional biomolecules.
Sometimes inclusion breeds suspicion: Self‐uncertainty and belongingness predict belief in conspiracy theories
Authors: van Prooijen Jan‐Willem 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn the present contribution, the author investigated the idea that messages communicating inclusion by others lead to stronger conspiracy beliefs about impactful societal events than messages communicating exclusion by others. These effects of belongingness, however, were expected only among people who experience high levels of self‐uncertainty. In Study 1, a manipulation of belongingness predicted belief in conspiracy theories only among people with unstable self‐esteem (an individual difference indicator of self‐uncertainty), while controlling for self‐esteem level. In Study 2, a manipulation of belongingness influenced belief in conspiracy theories only among participants who were experimentally induced to feel uncertain about themselves. It is concluded that among self‐uncertain people, inclusion breeds suspicion about the causes of impactful and harmful societal events.
Ferrocene Aryl Derivatives for the Redox Tagging of Graphene Nanoplatelets
Authors: Yang Minjun , Batchelor‐McAuley Christopher , Moreira Gonçalves Luís , Lima Carlos F. R. A. C. , Vyskočil Vlastimil , Tschulik Kristina , Compton Richard G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAryl derivatives of ferrocene are used for the modification of graphitic surfaces. Stronger adsorption is utilized as a route to enable the electrochemically tagging of new carbon materials. Model experiments are reported on an EPPG electrode where the adsorption of 1‐(biphen‐4‐yl)ferrocene is found to be a factor of ca. 5 times more thermodynamically favorable than the underivatised form. Two further derivatives were also studied and the voltammetric responses of this class of ferrocenes are found to be significantly influenced by ion‐pairing. Finally, the successful use of these new materials for the modification and redox tagging of graphene nanoplatelets is demonstrated.
Shaking table tests of a reinforced concrete waffle–flat plate structure designed following modern codes: seismic performance and damage evaluation
Authors: Benavent‐Climent Amadeo , Donaire‐Avila Jesús , Oliver‐Saiz Elena 
Published: October 2015

SummaryShaking table tests were conducted on a scaled reinforced concrete waffle–flat plate structure. It represented a conventional construction design under current building codes in the Mediterranean area. The test structure was subjected to a sequence of four seismic simulations of increasing magnitude. Each simulation was associated with a seismic hazard level characterized by the mean return period PR. The test structure performed well for the simulations associated with PR = 95, 475 and 975 years but collapsed under the maximum considered earthquake of PR = 2475 years. Damage concentrated at column bases, where the maximum chord rotation reached 93% of the ultimate capacity, and at the transverse beams of the exterior plate‐to‐column connection that failed in torsion. It is shown that most (from 85% to 90%) of the energy input by the earthquake that contributes to damage is dissipated by the plate. The capacity curve of the tested structure estimated from the experimental base shear vs. top displacement relationship allowed us to compute the overstrength (1.4). It is close to the maximum established by European code EN 1998‐1 (1.5). Based on a detailed study of the test results, potential updates to current codes and design recommendations are suggested. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of selenium on development, survival, and accumulation in the honeybee (A
pis mellifera L.)
Authors: Hladun Kristen R. , Kaftanoglu Osman , Parker David R. , Tran Khoa D. , Trumble John T. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is an important agricultural pollinator in the United States and throughout the world. In areas of selenium (Se) contamination, honeybees may be at risk because of the biotransfer of Se from plant products such as nectar and pollen. Several forms of Se can occur in accumulating plants. In the present study, the toxicity of 4 compounds (selenate, selenite, methylselenocysteine, and selenocystine) to honeybee adult foragers and larvae was assessed using dose–response bioassays. Inorganic forms were more toxic than organic forms for both larvae (lethal concentration [LC50] selenate = 0.72 mg L−1, LC50 selenite = 1.0 mg L−1, LC50 methylselenocysteine = 4.7 mg L−1, LC50 selenocystine = 4.4 mg L−1) and foragers (LC50 selenate = 58 mg L−1, LC50 selenite = 58 mg L−1, LC50 methylselenocysteine = 161 mg L−1, LC50 selenocystine = 148 mg L−1). Inorganic forms of Se caused rapid mortality, and organic forms had sublethal effects on development. Larvae accumulated substantial amounts of Se only at the highest doses, whereas foragers accumulated large quantities at all doses. The present study documented very low larval LC50 values for Se; even modest transfer to brood will likely cause increased development times and mortality. The toxicities of the various forms of Se to honeybee larvae and foragers are discussed in comparison with other insect herbivores and detritivores. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2584–2592. © 2013 SETAC
Dynamic compressive behavior of basalt fiber reinforced concrete after exposure to elevated temperatures
Authors: Ren Weibo , Xu Jinyu , Su Haoyang 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThis paper investigated the dynamic behavior of basalt fiber reinforced concrete (BFRC) after elevated temperatures by using a 100‐mm‐diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus. Changes in weight and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) were also studied. The results indicate that the weight losses of BFRC before cooling increase with temperature, while a reduction in weight loss value is observed after water cooling. The UPV values of BFRC decrease constantly as temperature increases, and the measured velocities under the same temperature increase with fiber content as temperature exceeds 200 °C. For a given temperature, the strain rate, dynamic strength, critical strain, and impact toughness of BFRC increase with impact velocity. For a given impact velocity, the increasing temperature generally leads to an increase in strain rate and critical strain and results in a decrease in dynamic strength and impact toughness except in the case of 200 °C. At 200 °C, however, a marginal reduction, even an improvement in dynamic strength is observed, and the impact toughness initially decreases, then increases with loading rate when compared with that at room temperature. Basalt fiber is effective in improving the strength performance, deformation capacity, and energy absorption property of concrete after high temperature. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fingerabdrücke aus der Tiefe
Authors: Jahn Sandro 
Published: October 2015

AbstractZur Entstehung und Struktur der Erde finden sich in Mineralen und Fluiden grundlegende Informationen. Neuartige Computersimulationen lassen jetzt die Konzentrationen von Haupt‐ und Spurenelementen sowie deren Isotope mit großer Genauigkeit modellieren. So können geologische Prozesse rekonstruiert werden, die vor Milliarden Jahren stattgefunden haben.
Bridging the Consumer‐Medical Divide: How to Regulate Direct‐to‐Consumer Genetic Testing
Authors: Edwards Kyle T. , Huang Caroline J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhile 23andMe aspires to be “the world's trusted source of personal genetic information,” the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) believes that the company's advertising practices have been anything but trustworthy. Last November, a harshly worded FDA “warning letter” demanded that the direct‐to‐consumer genetic testing company immediately discontinue marketing its unapproved “medical device.” The tussle between 23andMe and the FDA has attracted more attention than a typical disagreement between a company and a government agency. Larry Downes and Paul Nunes identify 23andMe as a “Big Bang Disruption”: an invention that revolutionizes the existing market, foiling both industry incumbents and unprepared regulators. The outcome of the FDA's current review to hold the answer to the million‐dollar question: how will DTC genetic testing be regulated in the future? Ideally, the FDA's regulations should not pose undue burdens on consumers seeking personal genetic information but, rather, help consumers make a transition out of the consumer setting and into the medical setting.
Weekly cisplatin and radiotherapy for low risk, locoregionally advanced human papillomavirus–positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Urban Damien , Corry June , Solomon Ben , Lim Annette M. , Fua Tsien , Coleman Andrew , D'Costa Ieta , Tiong Albert , Liu Chen , Peters Lester J. , Rischin Danny 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere is interest in different treatment strategies, including deintensification in good prognosis human papillomavirus‐positive (HPV(+)) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We reviewed our experience with weekly cisplatin in low‐risk, locoregionally advanced HPV(+) oropharyngeal SCC since late 2009.MethodsData from patients with low‐risk HPV(+) oropharyngeal SCC treated with weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m2) and 70 Gy radiotherapy were collected. Low risk was defined as stage III to IV oropharyngeal SCC excluding T1‐2N1, T4 or N3 disease, or N2b to N2c disease in patients with >10 pack‐year smoking history.ResultsOf 31 patients, the median age was 56 years (range, 41–69 years). All patients completed 70 Gy radiotherapy within 51 days and 84% completed at least 5 cycles of cisplatin. Grade 3 mucositis occurred in 22 patients (71%) and grade 3 febrile neutropenia in 6 patients (19%). No patients required enteral feeding at 12 months. The median follow‐up was 30 months (range, 21–57 months) with no recurrences or deaths.ConclusionConcurrent weekly cisplatin is relatively well‐tolerated and associated with excellent disease control in low‐risk, locoregionally advanced HPV(+) oropharyngeal SCC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1117–E1121, 2016
Sesquiterpenes from Rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus with Cytotoxic Activities on Human Cancer Cells in vitro
Authors: Ryu Byeol , Kim Hye Mi , Lee Jae‐Seung , Cho Yoon Jin , Oh Myung Sook , Choi Jung‐Hye , Jang Dae Sik 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTwo new sesquiterpenes, cyperusol A3 (1) and 3β‐hydroxycyperenoic acid (2), along with three known sesquiterpenes, britanlin E (3), 1β,4α‐dihydroxyeudesm‐11‐ene (4), and 11,12‐dihydroxyeudesm‐4‐en‐3‐one (5), were isolated from the AcOEt‐soluble fraction of rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by physical and spectroscopic methods (1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, 2D‐NMR, and MS). All of the isolates, 1–5, were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against human ovarian cancer cells (A2780) and endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (Ishikawa) using MTT assays.
Phenylalanine‐Derived Imidazolines Bearing Heteroaromatic Pendants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Asymmetric Henry Reaction
Authors: Tydlitát Jiří , Bureš Filip , Růžičková Zdeňka 
Published: October 2015

AbstractStarting from L‐phenylalanine, (2S)‐3‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐diamine has been prepared and used as building block for the construction of the imidazoline ring. Four new optically pure NH‐imidazolines bearing different six‐membered heteroaromatic substituents on the C(2) position have been prepared and subsequently N‐modified. N‐Substitution afforded two regioisomers that were separated. Some of them proved to be instable and hydrolyzed to diamides. The molecular structures of NH‐imidazolines, both N‐substituted regioisomers, as well as diamides, were unambiguously confirmed by X‐ray‐analysis and NMR spectra. The successfully prepared imidazolines, as well as diamides, were applied as catalysts in a Cu(II)‐catalyzed Henry reaction achieving 26–98% chemical yields and enantiomeric excesses of 3–42%.
Stilbenoids and Phenols in Acanthopanax brachypus
Authors: Hu Hao‐Bin , Liang Hai‐Peng , Zheng Xu‐Dong , Wu Yun , Zhang Xiao‐Wei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThree new stilbenoids, including α‐(3′‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐5′‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐methoxy‐3‐methylbenzofuran (1), 4‐methyl‐(E)‐resveratrol 3‐(2″‐p‐hydroxybenzoyl)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), and 5‐O‐methyl‐(E)‐resveratrol 3‐(6″‐acetyl)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3), together with six known stilbenoids and phenols, acetovanillone 1‐(6′‐vanilloyl)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, eugenyl‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, α‐(3′‐hydroxy‐5′‐methoxy‐2′‐methylphenyl)‐2‐hydroxybenzofuran, α‐(3′‐hydroxy‐5′‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐hydroxybenzofuran, pinosilvin 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, and (E)‐resveratrol 3‐(6″‐galloyl)‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside were isolated from the EtOH extract of the stem bark of Acanthopanax brachypus. Their structures were determined by spectral analysis including extensive 2D‐NMR spectral analyses. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against human tumor A549 cell line (IC50 values of 4.87 and 5.63 μM, resp.).
Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Role Breadth: A Meta‐Analytic and Cross‐Cultural Analysis
Authors: Jiao Changquan , Richards David A. , Hackett Rick D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe provide a meta‐analysis of the empirical literature concerning role breadth, defined as the degree to which employees consider organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) to be an inherent part of their job. Results based on a combined sample size of 9,222 showed: (a) Confucian Asians consider OCB as part of their job to a greater extent than do their Anglo counterparts; (b) affiliative kinds of OCB (e.g., helping, conscientiousness, and courtesy) are more likely to be considered part of one's job than are change‐oriented OCB (e.g., voice, taking charge, and initiative); and (c) OCB‐inclusive role breadth correlates strongly with OCB (rc = .43). The implications of these findings for human resources practice, such as competency modeling, employee selection and training, organizational rewards, and employee‐employer/supervisor relations, are discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing the Effects of Cultural Intelligence on Team Knowledge Sharing From a Socio‐Cognitive Perspective
Authors: Chen Mei‐Liang , Lin Chieh‐Peng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDrawing upon social cognitive theory, this research postulates cultural intelligence as a key driver of knowledge sharing among culturally diverse teams. An empirical testing of the proposed model, by investigating team leaders from high‐tech industries, reveals the applicability of social cognitive theory in understanding cultural intelligence, perceived team efficacy, and knowledge sharing. Specifically, the test results herein show that knowledge sharing is directly influenced by metacognitive, cognitive, and motivational cultural intelligence. At the same time, knowledge sharing is indirectly impacted by metacognitive and behavioral cultural intelligence through the mediation of perceived team efficacy. Lastly, this research provides managerial implications and limitations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
INVESTIGATION AND ASSESSMENT OF SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE OF PING‐TUNG NEARSHORE AREA IN SOUTHWESTERN TAIWAN
Authors: Kao Ruey‐Chy , Zavialov Peter O. , Ding Chung‐Feng 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTSubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a potential pathway for nutrients and anthropogenic pollutants that flow from the land into the coastal ocean, and probably influences the aquatic ecosystem in tidal areas. This paper focused on surveying possible groundwater locations around the coastal area. The possible location, pathway and discharge of SGD in the Ping‐Tung Shelf of southwestern Taiwan were described by oceanographic measurements. During the field surveys of the study area, onboard surface to bottom CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) profiling, ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) measurements, and fluorescence profiling were carried out at 25 different stations. The collected hydrographic data were used to identify a suspected SGD site in the central part of the study area, where a local drop of salinity by up to 0.06 psu has been observed in the lowermost 0.2 ~ 1.5 m of the water column. Thanks to explicit evidence for a possible pathway and locations, seepage meters were deployed on the sea bed to measure the SGD rate at about 6.0 ml h−1 m−2 in the dry season. Based on the surveyed data, the likely locations of the SGD sources in the study area were specified, all of which were restricted to the inner shelf at a depth less than 8 m. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Counselor Competence With Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Clients: Differences Among Practice Settings
Authors: Farmer Laura B. , Welfare Laura E. , Burge Penny L. 
Published: October 2015

Counselors from school and community practice, counseling students, and counselor educators (N= 468) participated in this study of competence to serve lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) clients. Participants reported high LGB‐affirmative attitudes but lower knowledge and skills. School counselors reported significantly lower LGB competence than did counselors in other settings. Implications include the importance of graduate and postgraduate training to improve LGB knowledge and skills and the hope that LGB‐affirmative attitudes suggest receptivity toward such growth.Consejeros que trabajan en prácticas escolares y de comunidad, estudiantes de consejería y educadores de consejería (N= 468) participaron en este estudio sobre la competencia para servir a clientes lesbianas, gays y bisexuales (LGB). Los participantes comunicaron un nivel elevado de actitudes afirmativas hacia LGB, pero menores conocimientos y habilidades. Los consejeros escolares indicaron niveles de competencia en LGB significativamente menores que los consejeros en otros escenarios. Las implicaciones incluyen la importancia de la formación de estudiantes de grado y posgrado para mejorar sus conocimientos y habilidades sobre LGB y la esperanza de que las actitudes afirmativas hacia LGB sugieren receptividad hacia dicha formación.