bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 5‐year clinical and computerized tomographic implant follow‐up in sinus‐lifted maxillae and native bone
Authors: Sbordone Carolina , Toti Paolo , Ramaglia Luca , Guidetti Franco , Sbordone Ludovico , Martuscelli Ranieri 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe present study analysed apical and marginal bone remodelling around dental implants placed in both maxillary (sinus elevated with particulated autogenous osseous graft) and corresponding native bone areas, with a follow‐up of 5 years. The clinical survival of implants was also observed.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective chart review, 27 patients were enrolled, with 55 dental implants inserted from 2000 to 2006, 26 of which were followed (one implant per patient); if required, patients were treated via sinus lift with autogenous bone and particulate technique. The internal controls were implants positioned in native areas beneath the sinus. Radiologic survey was assessed via computerized tomographic analysis measuring apical bone level (ABL) and marginal bone level (MBL), at 1‐ (T1), 3‐ (T2) and 5 years (T3), around implants (buccal, b; palatal, p; mesial, m; and distal sides, d). Clinical probing depth (CPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) for all the four peri‐implant aspects were measured. Cumulative survival rate (CSR) and survival rate (SR) of implants were calculated. Significances for paired and unpaired comparisons were searched for.ResultsA significant degree of apical resorption was recorded between T1 and T3 for the mesial particulate group; again, a significant difference was discovered between the native and particulate procedures for mABL. A further feature was discovered for the particulate procedure, for which ABLs resulted negative at least for three of the aspects. Regarding MBL measurements, similar behaviours were revealed using time‐comparison analysis for the two procedures at the buccal aspect. Comparisons among diameters, irrespective of the procedure, showed that resorption times for the bMBL were shorter as the diameter of the implant became wider. The implant CSR was 92% in native areas (two failures/25 implants) and 93.3% in sinuses lifted with particulate bone (two failures/30 implants).ConclusionsThe results suggest that a protrusion of the implant apices into augmented sinus lift occurred, whereas the bone remodelling of the coronal areas was not influenced by the events in the maxillary sinus. A diameter ranging from 4 to 5 mm might better guarantee a conservation of marginal peri‐implant bone level compared with implants with smaller diameters.
The Normal Impact of Age and Gender on Right Heart Structure and Function
Authors: Henein Michael , Waldenström Anders , Mörner Stellan , Lindqvist Per 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundAs the proportion of elderly population increases rapidly, it might be difficult to differentiate physiological changes in cardiac function due to age from the pathophysiological ones. In addition, cardiac function variations with gender are well established. The right ventricular (RV) plays an important role in the overall cardiac function, but reference values varying with age and gender are lacking.Material and MethodsWe studied 255 healthy individuals from a general population register, mean age of 58 ± 19 (range 22–89) years, 125 were females. We used 2D and M‐mode echocardiography to measure RV inflow tract (RVIT) and RV outflow tract (RVOT) dimensions and fractional shortening (fs). Spectral Doppler echocardiography was also used.ResultsWe found a modest decrease in RVIT dimensions (P < 0.05), but increase in RVOT dimensions with advancing age (P < 0.05). A small decrease in RVOT fs with age was also found (P < 0.05). Estimated pulmonary pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance increased (P < 0.001) as did RVOT wall thickness (P < 0.001), but RV diastolic function was not altered (P < 0.001) with age. Despite correction for the BSA, males showed larger RVIT dimensions (P < 0.001 for both), but RVOT end‐diastolic dimension was larger in females (P < 0.05). RVIT and RVOT fractional shortening were increased in females (P < 0.01 for both).ConclusionIn a cohort of normal individuals, age has significant impact on RV structure and function, inlet area falls and outflow tract dimensions increase and fractional shortening also increase in females. In addition, RVOT wall thickness significantly increases and Doppler markers of pulmonary vascular resistance show a consistent rise. The age‐related changes should carefully be considered when commenting on normality and when using absolute values.
Training innate immunity: the changing concept of immunological memory in innate host defence
Authors: Netea Mihai G. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe inability of innate immunity to build an immunological memory is considered a main difference with adaptive immunity. This concept has been challenged by studies in plants, invertebrates and mammals. Recently, a paradigm shift in our understanding host defence has been triggered by the mounting evidence for innate immune memory, leading to increased responses to secondary infections. Important differences between the cell populations and the molecular mechanisms exist between the adaptive traits of innate host defence on the one hand and immunological memory of adaptive immunity on the other hand. The lasting state of enhanced innate immunity termed ‘trained immunity’ is mediated by prototypical innate immune cells such as natural killer cells and monocytes/macrophages. It provides protection against reinfection in a T/B‐cell‐independent manner, with both specific mechanisms and nonspecific epigenetic reprogramming mediating these effects. This concept represents a paradigm change in immunity, and its putative role in resistance to reinfection may represent the next step in the design of future vaccines.
Transition from child and adolescent to adult mental health services in the Republic of Ireland: an investigation of process and operational practice
Authors: McNamara Niamh , McNicholas Fiona , Ford Tamsin , Paul Moli , Gavin Blanaid , Coyne Imelda , Cullen Walter , O'Connor Karen , Ramperti Nicolas , Dooley Barbara , Barry Siobhan , Singh Swaran P. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAimEnsuring a seamless transition from child to adult mental health services poses challenges for services worldwide. This is an important process in the ongoing care of young people with mental illness; therefore, it is incumbent on all countries to probe their individual structures to assess the quality of mental health service delivery to this vulnerable cohort. To date, there have been no published studies on the transition from Child to Adult Mental Health Services in the Republic of Ireland. To this end, a nationwide survey of transition policies of community mental health teams in both services was conducted in order to compare best practice guidelines for transition with current process and experience in clinical practice.MethodStructured interviews were conducted with 57 consultant psychiatrists (representing 32 CAMHS teams and 25 AMHS teams) to obtain information on annual transition numbers, existing transition policies and operational practice from the professional perspective.ResultsNumbers of young people considered suitable for transfer to adult services (M = 7.73, SD = 9.86, n = 25) were slightly higher than numbers who actually transferred (M = 4.50, SD = 3.33, n = 20). There is a lack of standardized practice nationwide regarding the service transition boundary, an absence of written transition policies and protocols, and minimal formal interaction between child and adult services.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that there are critical gaps between current operational practice and best practice guidelines. Future studies will investigate the impact this has on the transition experiences of young people, their carers and health‐care professionals.
Combinatorial molecular marker assays of WT1,survivin, and TERT at initial diagnosis of adult acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kim Hee‐Je , Choi Eun‐Jeong , Sohn Hyun‐Jung , Park So‐Hye , Min Woo‐Sung , Kim Tai‐Gyu 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHigh levels of expression of Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1), survivin, or telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) genes are introduced as leukemia‐associated targets predicting clinical outcome. We prospectively investigated the leukemia‐associated gene transcripts by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction from 151 adult patients with AML associated with the patients' clinical characteristics. The maximum levels of each gene in bone marrow were 64.4‐, 8.1‐, and 3.9‐fold higher than those in the normal control, respectively. In contrast to the WT1 and TERT levels, survivin showed comparatively higher expression in the unfavorable cytogenetic group of patients. We found a significant difference in survivin levels between the CR and non‐CR groups (P = 0.0237). TERT expression levels were higher in patients who had a greater number of peripheral blood leukemic blasts at diagnosis (P = 0.0191). Non‐MRC subtypes and patients without specific mutations were the most powerful predictive factors for a better CR rate, by multivariate analyses. The lower levels of both WT1 and survivin co‐expression (P = 0.0129) and both survivin + TERT co‐expression (P = 0.0115) were significant factors for better OS. Besides lower initial levels of serum ferritin (P = 0.0401), lower levels of WT1 (P = 0.0438) and survivin (P = 0.0401), lower levels of both WT1 and survivin co‐expression (P = 0.0031), and the three‐gene combination of lower WT1 + survivin + TERT (P = 0.0454) were powerful predictive factors for better EFS. As our findings were based on a single disease entity, that is, adult AML, they suggest that the expression of these genes may be critical for the immunobiology of AML to influence the clinical outcome in various ways.
Sea Tracks and Trails: Indian Ocean Worlds as Method
Authors: Burton Antoinette , Kale Madhavi , Hofmeyr Isabel , Anderson Clare , Lee Christopher J. , Green Nile 
Published: July 2013

Cluster AbstractThough historians have long imagined it as a world both unto itself and integral to histories of global capital, nation‐building, imperial rivalry, and sustainability in many dimensions, the Indian Ocean and environs have become a preoccupation for scholars from a wide variety of locations, disciplinary, and institutional, in the last two decades. The essays in this cluster offer a thematic introduction to recent work in Indian Ocean World history and studies chiefly by focusing on the question of method. Drawing on research that takes transregional, comparative, and subaltern approaches to the field, contributors map the dynamic relationships between the “regional integration” that characterizes the IOW's histories of connection, interdependence, and flow and the striated, fractious history of imperial forces always in sight, in play, and in motion in these waters.
CD30 expression by bone marrow mast cells from different diagnostic variants of systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Morgado José M , Perbellini Omar , Johnson Ryan C , Teodósio Cristina , Matito Almudena , Álvarez‐Twose Iván , Bonadonna Patrizia , Zamò Alberto , Jara‐Acevedo Maria , Mayado Andrea , Garcia‐Montero Andrés , Mollejo Manuela , George Tracy I , Zanotti Roberta , Orfao Alberto , Escribano Luis , Sánchez‐Muñoz Laura 
Published: July 2013

AimsCD30 expression by bone marrow (BM) mast cells (MC) has been reported recently in systemic mastocytosis (SM) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of CD30 expression in SM as assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry.Methods and resultsA total of 163 consecutive BM samples corresponding to 142 SM patients and 21 non‐mastocytosis cases were studied. CD30 was positive in most SM patients (80%), but in only one non‐mastocytosis case (4.8%). When combined with CD25, CD30 contributed to an improved accuracy over that of CD25 alone (98% versus 93%) mainly because most (eight of nine) of the well‐differentiated SM (WDSM), who lacked CD25, were CD30+. Similar levels of expression of CD30 were observed among all different subgroups of SM except mast cell leukaemia; among indolent SM (ISM) patients, no significant association was observed between the levels of CD30 expression and other clinical and biological features of the disease.ConclusionsThe increased expression of CD30 associated with absence of CD25 contributes to the diagnosis of WDSM and its distinction from other subtypes of SM. By contrast, CD30 expression did not contribute either to prognostic stratification of ISM or to the differential diagnosis between ISM and aggressive SM cases.
SYMPTOM BURDEN IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A REVIEW OF RECENT LITERATURE
Authors: Almutary Hayfa , Bonner Ann , Douglas Clint 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYBackgroundPeople living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience multiple symptoms due to both the disease and its treatment. However, these symptoms are often underrecognised. In addition, the majority of studies have focused on an individual symptom; however, these symptoms rarely occur in isolation and may instead occur in clusters.Aim of ReviewTo investigate the total symptom burden in advanced CKD (Stages 4 and 5) and to identify the key instruments that are used to assess multiple symptoms.MethodsA literature search from 2006 to 2012 was undertaken and a total of 19 articles were included.ResultsThe most common CKD symptoms were fatigue or lack of energy, feeling drowsy, pain and pruritus. However, symptom assessment instruments varied between studies, often with inconsistent or inadequate symptom dimensions.ConclusionPeople with CKD experience a high symptom burden, although little is known about the burden for people with CKD Stage 4 and for those with CKD Stage 5 receiving peritoneal dialysis. This review recommends that a full range of symptoms be assessed for those at different stages of CKD. Improved understanding of the burden of symptoms can be used as the basis for treatment choices and for identifying priorities which are likely to contribute to a better quality of life and improve the quality of care.
Social skills as predictors of communication, performance and quality of collaboration in project‐based learning
Authors: Notari M. , Baumgartner A. , Herzog W. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe assumption that social skills are necessary ingredients of collaborative learning is well established but rarely empirically tested. In addition, most theories on collaborative learning focus on social skills only at the personal level, while the social skill configurations within a learning group might be of equal importance. Using the integrative framework, this study investigates which social skills at the personal level and at the group level are predictive of task‐related e‐mail communication, satisfaction with performance and perceived quality of collaboration. Data collection took place in a technology‐enhanced long‐term project‐based learning setting for pre‐service teachers.For data collection, two questionnaires were used, one at the beginning and one at the end of the learning cycle which lasted 3 months. During the project phase, the e‐mail communication between group members was captured as well. The investigation of 60 project groups (N = 155 for the questionnaires; group size: two or three students) and 33 groups for the e‐mail communication (N = 83) revealed that personal social skills played only a minor role compared to group level configurations of social skills in predicting satisfaction with performance, perceived quality of collaboration and communication behaviour. Members from groups that showed a high and/or homogeneous configuration of specific social skills (e.g., cooperation/compromising, leadership) usually were more satisfied and saw their group as more efficient than members from groups with a low and/or heterogeneous configuration of skills.
Polyphenolic Content and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits of Plum (Prunus domestica L.) Cultivars “Valjevka” and “Mildora” as Influenced by Air Drying
Authors: Miletić Nemanja , Mitrović Olga , Popović Branko , Nedović Viktor , Zlatković Branislav , Kandić Miodrag 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPolyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity of freshly harvested plums cvs. “Valjevka” and “Mildora,” and changes caused by drying were analyzed. Plum drying at 90C resulted in significant changes in anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenolics content, and antioxidant capacity in both cultivars examined. Statistical analysis showed that antioxidant capacity of both fresh plums and prunes of “Valjevka” and “Mildora” is strongly influenced by the phenolic constituents of the fruit. The major phenolic compound in fresh plums and prunes is neochlorogenic acid, followed by caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. After drying, a significant decrease in neochlorogenic acid and an increase in caffeic acid was observed, while chlorogenic acid content decreased in prunes of “Valjevka,” and increased in prunes of “Mildora.” Rutin and protocatechuic acid contents were slightly decreased after drying, while gallic acid content was dramatically increased. A complete degradation of cyanidin was induced by drying.Practical ApplicationsThis study is intended to inform producers of dried fruits about changes induced by drying, as well as to highlight the supposition that dried fruits may be considered functional food due to the high level of polyphenolic compounds and increased antioxidant capacity. The scientific results relative to the nutritional profile of prunes, combined with their attractive appearance and favorable flavor, may serve as a commercial strategy, given the increased level of consumers' awareness on the importance of healthy food intake.
Exploration of the effects of gender and mild esophagitis on esophageal pain thresholds in the normal and sensitized state of asymptomatic young volunteers
Authors: Krarup A. L. , Gunnarsson J. , Brun J. , Poulakis A. , Edebo A. , Ringström G. , Drewes A. M. , Simrén M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundClinical data suggest gender differences in gastrointestinal pain, but very little experimental data exist. Esophageal painful thresholds to mechanical, thermal, electric, and chemical stimuli can be measured with the esophageal multimodal pain model. The aim was to measure the effect of gender and mild esophagitis on esophageal pain perception.MethodsThirty‐five healthy asymptomatic volunteers [19 men, median age 29 (22–56 years)] underwent upper GI endoscopy, 24 h pH/impedance measurement, and multimodal esophageal pain stimulation before and after sensitization with acid. Stimulus intensities at painful thresholds were recorded.Key ResultsMen had higher pain thresholds (PT) to mechanical stimulation (mean volume: men 20.9 ± 10 mL vs women 15.2 ± 6.8 mL, P = 0.02) and more men tolerated the maximum acid challenge (58% vs 20%, P = 0.03). There were no differences between genders for PT to 1 thermal stimulation [mean stimulation time (men, women): heat; 20 ± 5 s vs 21 ± 6 s or cold; 33.3 ± 20.1 s vs 20.7 ± 21.4 s, P > 0.2], 2 electrical current (mean current: men 17.6 ± 9.2 mA vs women 12.9 ± 3.7 mA, P = 0.11), or 3 acid volume [median volume: men 200 (20;200) mL vs women 133 (40;200) mL, P = 0.2]. Fifteen asymptomatic subjects had mild esophagitis (10 men, all Los Angeles A). There were no differences in esophageal PT between subjects with normal endoscopy or mild esophagitis (all P > 0.3).Conclusions & InferencesThe effects of gender and mild esophagitis on esophageal multimodal pain perception have been measured in asymptomatic volunteers. The study suggests that gender, not mild esophagitis, tends to influence mechanical and chemical esophageal pain.
Efficacy and Safety of Catheter Ablation for Long‐Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Women
Authors: ZHANG XIAO‐DONG , TAN HONG‐WEI , GU JUN , JIANG WEI‐FENG , ZHAO LIANG , WANG YUAN‐LONG , LIU YU‐GANG , ZHOU LI , GU JIA‐NING , LIU XU 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivesIt is uncertain whether gender affects the outcomes of catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF). The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CA for long‐standing persistent AF in women.MethodsBetween January 2010 and May 2011, 220 consecutive patients (73 females, 33.2%), with long‐standing persistent AF who underwent CA were prospectively recruited. Gender‐related differences in clinical presentation, periprocedural complications, and outcomes were compared.ResultsWomen were less likely to have lone AF than men (27.4% vs 47.6%; P = 0.004). The incidence of rheumatic heart disease was higher in women (19.2% in women vs 1.4% in men; P < 0.001). Women had a lower initial ablation success rate than men (35.6% vs 57.1%; P = 0.003). Hematomas occurred more often in women (6.8% in women vs 0.7% in men; P = 0.027). A Cox regression analysis demonstrated total duration of AF (per month, hazard ratio [HR] 1.003, confidence interval [CI] 1.001–1.006; P = 0.006) and gender (HR 1.663, CI 1.114–2.485; P = 0.013) as the independent predictors for recurrence after the first CA.ConclusionsWomen and long AF duration were closely related to the recurrence of AF after the first ablation in patients with long‐standing persistent AF. Women also had a higher risk of vascular complications.
The Special Value of Epistemic Self‐Reliance
Authors: Byerly T. Ryan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPhilosophers have long held that epistemic self‐reliance has a special value. But, this view has recently been challenged by prominent epistemologist Linda Zagzebski. Zagzebski argues that potential sources of support for the claim that epistemic self‐reliance has a special value fail. Here I provide a novel defense of the special value of epistemic self‐reliance. Self‐reliance has a special value because it is required for attaining certain valuable cognitive achievements. Further, practicing self‐reliance may be all‐things‐considered worthwhile even when doing so is a less reliable way of getting to the truth than relying on others and even when doing so is flatly unreliable in getting to the truth.
Application of digital soil mapping methods for identifying salinity management classes based on a study on coastal central China
Authors: Guo Y. , Shi Z. , Li H. Y. , Triantafilis J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn coastal China, there is an urgent need to increase land for agriculture. One solution is land reclamation from coastal tidelands, but soil salinization poses a problem. Thus, there is need to map saline areas and identify appropriate management strategies. One approach is the use of digital soil mapping. At the first stage, auxiliary data such as remotely sensed multispectral imagery can be used to identify areas of low agricultural productivity due to salinity. Similarly, proximal sensing instruments can provide data on the distribution of soil salinity. In this study, we first used multispectral QuickBird imagery (Bands 1–4) to provide information about crop growth and then EM38 data to indicate relative salt content using measurements of apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) in the horizontal (ECh) and vertical (ECv) modes of operation. Second, we used a fuzzy k‐means (FKM) algorithm to identify three salinity management zones using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ECh and ECv/ECh. The three identified classes were statistically different in terms of auxiliary and topsoil properties (e.g. soil organic matter) and more importantly in terms of the distribution of soil salinity (ECe) with depth. The resultant three classes were mapped to demonstrate that remote and proximally sensed auxiliary data can be used as surrogates for identifying soil salinity management zones.