bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the metabolic profile of parishin by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole‐time of flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Tang Chunlan , Wang Li , Li Jiejiang , Liu Xinxin , Cheng Mengchun , Xiao Hongbin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractParishin is a dominant active ingredient originating from Gastrodia elata Blume, and has good neuroprotective effects against brain disorders. In the present study, the metabolic profile of parishin by in vitro and in vivo experiments was investigated using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole–time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q‐TOF MS) combined with an automated MSE technique. By comparison with reference compounds, accurate mass measurement, the characteristic fragmentation patterns of the parent drug parishin and gastrodin and relevant bio‐transformation knowledge, 14 metabolites (seven hydrolyzates and seven derivatives of gastrodin) were detected and identified in rat plasma and urine after intragastric administration of parishin, including processes of hydrolyzation, oxidation, sulfation and glucuronidation. According to the proposed metabolic pathways of parishin, in vitro hydrolytic experiments and metabolic study of gastrodin in rat plasma, it can be inferred that parishin mainly functions as a prodrug and undergoes hydrolysis before being absorbed into the blood. The hydrolyzate, mainly gastrodin, was involved in further metabolism, which was responsible for pharmacological activities of parishin. In conclusion, this work provides valuable information on parishin metabolism using a rapid and reliable UHPLC/Q‐TOF MS method, which could be widely used for the metabolic investigation of natural product. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous determination of four secoiridoid and iridoid glycosides in rat plasma by ultra performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Wu Yun , Ai Yu , Wang Fenrong , Ma Wen , Bian Qiaoxia , Lee David Y.‐W. , Dai Ronghua 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA simple, reliable and rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of four secoiridoid (gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, sweroside) and iridoid glycosides (loganic acid), the bio‐active ingredients in rat plasma. After liquid–liquid extraction, chromatographic separation was accomplished on a Shim‐pack XR‐ODS column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.1% formic acid in water. A triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry equipped with an electrospray ionization source was used as detector operating both in positive and negative ionization mode and operated by multiple‐reaction monitoring scanning. The lower limits of quantitation were 0.25–30 ng/mL for all the analytes. Both intra‐day and inter‐day precision and accuracy of analytes were well within acceptance criteria (±15%). The mean extraction recoveries of analytes and internal standard (amygdalin) from rat plasma were all >71.4%. The validated method was successfully applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of four analytes in rat plasma between normal and arthritic rats after oral administration of Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan and Gentiana macrophylla extract, respectively. Results showed significant differences in pharmacokinetic properties of the analytes among the different groups. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Positional Scanning Synthesis of a Peptoid Library Yields New Inducers of Apoptosis that Target Karyopherins and Tubulin
Authors: Vendrell‐Navarro Glòria , Rúa Federico , Bujons Jordi , Brockmeyer Andreas , Janning Petra , Ziegler Slava , Messeguer Angel , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe describe the synthesis of a library of 11 638 N‐alkylglycine peptoid trimers in a positional scanning format with adjustment of reaction conditions to account for different reactivities of the monomer building blocks. Evaluation of the library by high‐content phenotypic screening for modulators of the cytoskeleton and mitosis resulted in the identification of two apoptosis‐inducing peptoids, which, despite their structural similarity, target different proteins and cellular mechanisms. Whereas one peptoid binds to karyopherins, which mediate nuclear transport, the other N‐alkylglycine trimer binds tubulin at the vinca alkaloid binding site.
Glucose regulates heat shock factor 1 transcription activity via mTOR pathway in HCC cell lines
Authors: Ma Wanli , Zhang Yaqing , Mu Hongmei , Qing Xiaoming , Li Shulian , Cui Xiukun , Lou Qiang , Ma Yuanfang , Pu Hongmin , Hu Yanzhong 
Published: May 2015

AbstractHSF1‐mediated heat shock response is activated in most tumors and plays important roles in regulating tumor homeostasis. However, the signals underlying HSF1 activation is still not completely understood. In this paper, we find that glucose, the dominant tumor energy supplement, participates in regulating HSF1's activation in HCC cell lines. The immunoblotting results indicate that the phosphorylation of HSF1/S326, a hallmark of HSF1 activation, varies between the HCC cell lines (e.g., SMMC7721, HapG2, plc/prf5, and Chang‐liver). Glucose, but not 2D‐glucose, can induce the phosphorylation of HSF1 at S326 and upregulate the expression of HSF1's downstream alpha B‐crystallin and Hsp70 as well as the none‐heat shock proteins CSK2 and RBM23 in two tested hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (prl/prf5 and SMMC7721). Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, can suppress the glucose‐induced phosphorylation of HSF1/S326 and the expression of alpha B‐crystallin. Knockdown of HSF1 with shRNA enhances the glucose‐depletion‐mediated inhibition of plc/prf5 cell proliferation. Our data reveal that HSF1 can be activated by glucose‐mTOR pathway, providing an alternative pathway for targeting HSF1 in tumor therapy.
The SYNERGY biodegradable polymer everolimus eluting coronary stent: Porcine vascular compatibility and polymer safety study
Authors: Wilson Gregory J. , Marks Angela , Berg Kimberly J. , Eppihimer Michael , Sushkova Natalia , Hawley Steve P. , Robertson Kimberly A. , Knapp David , Pennington Douglas E. , Chen Yen‐Lane , Foss Aaron , Huibregtse Barbara , Dawkins Keith D. 
Published: May 2015

AimsSYNERGY is a novel platinum chromium alloy stent that delivers abluminal everolimus from an ultrathin poly‐lactide‐co‐glycide (PLGA) biodegradable polymer. This study evaluated the in vivo degradation of the polymer coating, everolimus release time course, and vascular compatibility of the SYNERGY stent.Methods and ResultsSYNERGY stents were implanted in arteries of domestic swine. Devices were explanted at predetermined time points (up to 120 days) and the extent of PLGA coating or everolimus remaining on the stents was quantified. Everolimus levels in the arterial tissue were also evaluated. A pathological analysis on coronary arteries of single and overlapping stents was performed at time points between 5 and 270 days. PLGA bioabsorption began immediately after implantation, and drug release was essentially complete by 90 days; PLGA absorption was substantially complete by 120 days (>90% of polymer was absorbed) leaving a bare metal SYNERGY stent. Vascular response was similar among SYNERGY and control stents (bare metal, polymer‐only, and 3× polymer‐only). Mild increases in para‐strut fibrin were seen for SYNERGY at an early time point with no significant differences in all other morphological and morphometric parameters through 270 days or endothelial function (eNOS immunostaining) at 90 or 180 days. Inflammation was predominantly minimal to mild for all device types.ConclusionIn a swine model, everolimus was released by 90 days and PLGA bioabsorption was complete shortly thereafter. The SYNERGY stent and its biodegradable polymer, even at a 3× safety margin, demonstrated vascular compatibility similar to bare metal stent controls. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“A bend in time”: Shaping the sheath facilitates left atrial appendage closure
Authors: Gafoor Sameer , Heuer Luisa , Schulz Philipp , Matic Predrag , Franke Jennifer , Bertog Stefan , Reinartz Markus , Vaskelyte Laura , Hofmann Ilona , Sievert Horst 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to determine feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of the “shape‐the‐sheath” method in left atrial appendage closure.BackgroundLAA occlusion is often a difficult procedure, due to not just the learning curve but also the three‐dimensional variable nature of the left atrial appendage. Multiple sheaths have been created for various takeoffs. The purpose of this article is to show the feasibility of the “shape‐the‐sheath” method in left atrial appendage closure.MethodsTen consecutive patients undergoing LAA occlusion without the “shape‐the‐sheath” method were compared to 10 consecutive patients undergoing LAA occlusion with the “shape‐the‐sheath” method using the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP) system and the Amplatzer TorqVue 45 × 45 sheath.ResultsThe “shape‐the‐sheath” method resulted in significant decreases in fluoroscopy time (7.2 ± 3.0 min vs. 13.7 ± 6.7 min, P < 0.05), number of partial recaptures (0% vs. 50%, P < 0.05), with a trend toward decrease in the number of complete recaptures (0 vs. 40%, P = 0.09) compared to conventional sheath use.ConclusionsShaping‐the‐sheath is a simple, elegant way to help conform delivery systems to better access the LAA and ensure stable position. Further experience with this procedure optimization step is warranted. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A pathway to earlier discharge following TAVI: Assessment of safety and resource utilization
Authors: Noad Rebecca L. , Johnston Nicola , McKinley Andrew , Dougherty Mark , Nzewi O.C. , Jeganathan Reuben , Manoharan Ganesh , Spence Mark S. 
Published: May 2015

IntroductionThere is considerable variability within the population of patients treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), the procedural approach and time to discharge. In Belfast, from the commencement of our program, our approach has been to perform TAVI by the least invasive approach, where feasible, utilizing a percutaneous transfemoral route and local anesthetic. By analyzing our Belfast TAVI database we identified factors that predicted shorter admission times without impacting adversely on patient safety. Following this, we developed an early discharge pathway. The aim of this current study was to perform a prospective analysis of outcomes in our unit since implementation of this pathway assessing discharge time, mortality, serious adverse events, readmission, and resource implications for patients according to time to discharge.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent TAVI and were successfully discharged from 2013 to 2014 over a 14 month period were included, and analyzed according to time to discharge. Baseline and procedural characteristics, mortality, serious adverse events, readmission, and cost were assessed.ResultsIn total 120 patients were included, 26 (21.7%) were discharged the same/next day, 39 (32.5%) early (>1–4 days), and 55 (45.8%) discharged in the late group. There was no significant difference in baseline or preprocedural characteristics. The incidence of complications was low, and there was no difference in 30‐day mortality (P = 0.167) or readmission rates between groups (P = 0.952). Resource analysis revealed the late discharge group cost £3,091.6 more per patient per TAVI than same/next day discharge group.ConclusionSame/next day discharge can be performed safely in appropriately selected patients. Although this will be achieved in a minority of patients (21.7% in this study using an early discharge pathway) it has potential for resource and cost savings. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of radiation dose between different fluoroscopy systems in the modern catheterization laboratory: Results from bench testing using an anthropomorphic phantom
Authors: Christopoulos Georgios , Christakopoulos Georgios E. , Rangan Bavana V. , Layne Ronald , Grabarkewitz Rebecca , Haagen Donald , Latif Faisal , Abu‐Fadel Mazen , Banerjee Subhash , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundVariations in radiation dose between various X‐ray systems have received limited study.ObjectiveWe examined the impact of X‐ray system type on patient radiation dose during cardiac catheterization.MethodsAn anthropomorphic phantom was used in a series of standardized experiments that involved 15 sec of continuous cineangiography in 7 projections. Three to seven experiments were performed in four commonly used X‐ray systems: Innova IGS (GE Healthcare), Integris Allura FD20 (Philips), Allura Clarity (Philips), and Artis one (Siemens). Phantom radiation dose was measured with a dedicated X‐ray dosimetry system (Gafchromic radiology film and Film QA XR software, Ashland) that was precalibrated at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 Gray, and with the X‐ray system built‐in functions.ResultsRadiation dose was lowest with the Allura Clarity system [average film dose 4.2 ± 0.1 cGray, peak film dose 18.3 ± 1.6 cGray, Air Kerma (AK) dose 0.310 ± 0.002 Gray, Dose Area Product (DAP) dose 23.72 ± 0.84 Gray*cm2], intermediate with the Integris Allura FD20 (average film dose 4.4 ± 1.1 cGray, peak film dose 29.4 ± 15.5 cGray, AK 0.482 ± 0.189 Gray, DAP 45.18 ± 21.90 Gray*cm2), and highest with the Artis one system (average film dose 7.4 ± 0.8 cGray, peak film dose 66.9 ± 0.09 cGray, AK 0.746 ± 0.085 Gray, DAP 75.93 ± 9.11 Gray*cm2) and the Innova IGS system (average film dose 7.2 ± 1.0 cGray, peak film dose 49.3 ± 28.9 cGray, AK 0.874 ± 0.340 Gray, DAP 92.28 ± 14.73 Gray*cm2; P = 0.011 for average film dose, P = 0.019 for maximum film dose, P = 0.033 for AK, and P = 0.008 for DAP).ConclusionsThe X‐ray system type has significant impact on patient radiation dose during cardiac catheterization. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acquired aortic atresia: Catheter therapy using covered stents
Authors: Momenah Tarek S. , Khan Muhammad A. , Qureshi Shakeel , Hijazi Ziyad M. 
Published: May 2015

IntroductionTo maintain aortic continuity, aortic arch interruption is usually treated surgically. We present our experience of aortic arch reconstruction using percutaneous implantation of covered stents and mid‐term follow‐up.ObjectiveTo describe the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness using percutaneous placement of covered stents for functional aortic atresia and mid‐term follow‐up.MethodsNine patients (7 males), mean age of 30.8 ±16.2 years (range 13–58 years) and mean body weight of 65.7± 14.9 kg (range 52–95 kg), were investigated for systemic hypertension and found to have functional aortic interruption. All were treated with percutaneous perforation, combined with balloon dilation and implantation of covered stents. After stent implantation, control angiograms were performed.ResultsAll the patients had functional aortic interruption and continuity was established by perforating the atretic segment with trans‐septal Brockenbrough needle or the stiff end of a guide wire. A covered Cheatham‐Platinum CP stent was used to establish the luminal continuity of the aortic arch. Angiograms after stent deployment showed good forward flow through the stent and hemodynamic assessment revealed minimal gradients across the stent. The mean invasive descending aortic systolic blood pressure before stenting was 86.6 ± 14.3 mm Hg, which increased to 116.5 ± 16.3 mm Hg, after stenting (P = 0.004). The mean invasive descending aortic diastolic blood pressure before stenting was 63.6 ± 8.1 mm Hg, which increased to 79.7 ± 13.3 mm Hg after stenting (P = 0.002).ConclusionPercutaneous treatment of functional aortic atresia with covered stents is feasible, safe, and effective alternative to surgery with excellent short‐ and mid‐term results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of ultra‐long second‐generation drug‐eluting stent implantation
Authors: Honda Yohsuke , Muramatsu Toshiya , Ito Yoshiaki , Sakai Tsuyoshi , Hirano Keisuke , Yamawaki Masahiro , Araki Motoharu , Kobayashi Norihiro , Takimura Hideyuki , Sakamoto Yasunari , Mouri Shinsuke , Tsutumi Masakazu , Takama Takuro , Takafuji Hiroya , Tokuda Takahiro , Makino Kenji 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesThis study investigated the safety and prognosis of ultra‐long second DES (UL‐2nd DES) implantation in real‐world practice.BackgroundLong stenting is a widely known predictor of stent thrombosis (ST) or target lesion revascularization (TLR) in first‐generation drug‐eluting stents (DES).MethodsParticipants were 1,669 patients (2,763 lesions) who had undergone successful second DES implantation; they were assigned to one of three groups: ultra‐long 2nd DES (UL‐DES; >50 mm, 166 patients, 259 lesions), long second DES (L‐DES; 20–50 mm, 758 patients, 1,212 lesions), or short second DES (S‐DES; <20 mm, 745 patients, 1,292 lesions). The primary endpoint was TLR, and secondary endpoints were ST, cardiac death, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE; composite of TLR, ST and cardiac death). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify independent predictors of TLR.ResultsPatient characteristics including dual antiplatelet therapy duration were similar across groups. Follow‐up data were obtained from hospital charts, by contacting patients. Target lesion characteristics in the UL‐DES group showed higher right coronary artery and chronic total occlusion lesion rates. TLR rates (23.1 ± 13.2 months) were significantly higher in the UL‐DES group relative to other groups during follow up (P < 0.001). TLR rate was similar between S‐DES and L‐DES (P = 0.30). The incidence of ST was similar across groups (P = 0.40). MACE was significantly higher in the UL‐DES group relative to other groups due to higher TLR rates (P = 0.01). In a Cox proportional hazard model, hemodialysis (RR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.69–3.67, P < 0.001) and total stent length of >50 mm (RR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.07–2.55, P = 0.02) were independent predictors of TLR.ConclusionsUltra‐long DES implantation was associated with higher TLR rates but did not increase ST, while long DES implantation up to 50 mm was safe and acceptable. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vascular complications in steroid treated patients undergoing transfemoral aortic valve implantation
Authors: Fink Noam , Segev Amit , Barbash Israel , Bogdan Andrada , Hamdan Ashraf , Mazin Israel , Maor Elad , Hay Ilan , Guetta Victor , Fefer Paul 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo assess the rate of Vascular complications in steroid treated patients undergoing transfemoral aortic valve implantation (TAVI).BackgroundSteroid therapy has been associated with increased post‐surgical bleeding. Vascular complications are a major concern in patients undergoing TAVI. However, the effect of corticosteroids on vascular complications has not been assessed in these patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 220 consecutive patients undergoing transfemoral TAVI at our institute between 2009 and 2013. Patients who were on steroids at the time of the procedure (n = 25) were compared with those who were not (n = 195).ResultsBaseline characteristics between groups were similar except for greater incidence of chronic renal failure (52 vs. 25%, P = 0.05) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (50.3 vs. 55.8%, P = 0.037) in the steroid group. The rate of procedural success and nonvascular complication were similar in both groups with the exception of more temporary AV block in the steroid group (24 vs. 8%, P = 0.016). Patients treated with steroids had significantly more minor vascular complication (44 vs. 23%, P = 0.024), and significantly more femoral artery stenosis (16 vs. 5%, P = 0.036), occlusion (8 vs. 1%, P = 0.014), need for femoral artery percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (32 vs. 12%, P = 0.009), and femoral artery PTA or stenting (32% vs. 15%, P = 0.031). On multivariate analysis steroid treatment was the only predictor of minor vascular complications (RR=2.65, 95% CI 1.04‐6.8, P = 0.042).ConclusionsConcurrent corticosteroid treatment is associated with a higher rate of minor vascular complication following transfemoral TAVI. Operators should be aware of this risk when assessing patients for the procedure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Primary afferent neurons containing calcitonin gene‐related peptide but not substance P in forepaw skin, dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord of mice
Authors: Kestell Garreth R. , Anderson Rebecca L. , Clarke Jennifer N. , Haberberger Rainer V. , Gibbins Ian L. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn mice dorsal root ganglia (DRG), some neurons express calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) without substance P (SP; CGRP+SP‐). The projections and functions of these neurons are unknown. Therefore, we combined in vitro axonal tracing with multiple‐labeling immunohistochemistry to neurochemically define these neurons and characterize their peripheral and central projections. Cervical spinal cord, DRG, and forepaw skin were removed from C57Bl/6 mice and multiple‐labeled for CGRP, SP, and either marker for the sensory neuron subpopulations transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), neurofilament 200 (NF200), or vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT1). To determine central projections of CGRP+SP‐ neurons, Neurobiotin (NB) was applied to the C7 ventral ramus and visualized in DRG and spinal cord sections colabeled for CGRP and SP. Half (50%) of the CGRP‐immunoreactive DRG neurons lacked detectable SP and had a mean soma size of 473 ± 14 μm2 (n = 5); 89% of the CGRP+SP‐ neurons expressed NF200 (n = 5), but only 32% expressed TRPV1 (n = 5). Cutaneous CGRP+SP‐ fibers were numerous within dermal papillae and around hair shafts (n = 4). CGRP+SP‐ boutons were prevalent in lateral lamina I and in lamina IV/V of the dorsal horn (n = 5). NB predominantly labeled fibers penetrating lamina IV/V, 6 ± 3% contained CGRP (n = 5), and 21 ± 2% contained VGluT1 (n = 3). CGRP+SP‐ afferent neurons are likely to be non‐nociceptive. Their soma size, neurochemical profile, and peripheral and central targets suggest that CGRP+SP‐ neurons are polymodal mechanoceptors. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:2555–2569, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.