bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From bag ladies to bathing apes: Japanese interventions in British sartorial culture
Authors: Cambridge Nicolas 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Since 1980 Japanese designers have built a solid, if understated, presence in the United Kingdom. This chapter examines the country’s interventions in British sartorial culture in the arenas of designer fashion, high-street apparel and sub-cultural style from three inter-related perspectives. The first considers the curatorial context of exhibitions that featured a cohort of avant-garde designers. The second addresses contrasting commercial strategies adopted by Japanese designers that involved mobilizations of traditional culture as ‘unique selling points’ and infiltration of the domestic market through collaborations with British apparel makers. The third documents visual consumption of creative outputs mediated through the styling regimes of the fashion periodical, and identifies a gendered differentiation in representations of Japanese fashion design. The conclusion suggests that, in an increasingly cosmopolitan creative milieu, interpretations of British sartorial heritage have become the province of ‘outsiders looking in’.
Pre-transnationalism in dress, a methodology: The unique example of Hong Kong’s expatriate western women, 1960–1997
Authors: Trower Valerie Wilson 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This paper seeks to outline ways in which the topic of transnationalism can be thoroughly explored by other researchers using as an example, research on the Hong Kong fashion system and especially the experience of expatriate Western women in using dress as a means of manifesting identities in the early period of transnationalisn and the period immediately preceding it. Issues of fashion leadership and hegemony are discussed, and particularly expatriate minority dress, together with: the appropriation of regional dress; binge shopping’; and women’s tailoring, all contributing to fashion in one of Asia’s world cities.
The Wigan Dandy: Promenading the dance hall via Detroit and Paris
Authors: Nicholson Sue 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In this short article, I intend to consider the transnationalism inherent within the Northern Soul movement of the 1970s. By contextualizing the sociocultural climate from which this group emerged, the article will argue that by challenging masculinity through performance and dress practices, Northern Soul devotees borrowed not merely from the disaffected black ghettos of Detroit, but from the streets of nineteenth-century Paris.
Aristotle on Political Communities: Lessons from Outside the Politics
Authors: Ranger Jean-Philipe 
Published: October 2013

Abstract This article examines Aristotelian definitions of ‘political community’. Most accounts of this concept focus on the polis, the type of community that features prominently in the Politics. However, if one takes into account passages from the History of Animals and the Nicomachean Ethics VIII-IX, it is possible to uncover a formal definition of ‘political community’. It then becomes clear that other communities, such as those based in virtue-friendship, can be considered political as well according to the criterion set out by Aristotle: a fact which suggests Aristotle has a richer understanding of the concept than scholars usually ascribe to him.
The Tuesday Advantage of Politicians Endorsed by American Newspapers
Authors: Leite Lopez de Leon Fernanda 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article documents the electoral advantage of candidates who have a newspaper endorsement published on Election Day compared to other endorsed candidates. I provide evidence that this advantage is not driven by a selection effect, suggesting that it is instead explained by readers deciding how to vote based on endorsements read on Election Day. Moreover, candidates who have a different political orientation from their endorsing newspapers benefit more from this endorsement than other candidates. These results are based on a newly-compiled dataset matching county-level data of 826 endorsed candidates’ election results with newspaper and county characteristics.
Vertical Contracts and Mandatory Universal Distribution
Authors: Karp Larry S. , Perloff Jeffrey M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
An upstream monopoly that provides a new good to a downstream oligopoly might prefer to sell to a single rather than to multiple downstream firms. For example, Apple initially sold its iPhone through one vendor. If a monopoly uses a single vendor, the government may impose a mandatory universal distribution (MUD) requirement that forces the monopoly to sell to all downstream vendors. However, if the income elasticity of demand for the new good is greater than the income elasticity of the existing generic good, the MUD requirement leads to a higher equilibrium price for both the new good and the generic and lowers consumer welfare.
Absorptive chemistry based extraction for LC-MS/MS analysis of small molecule analytes from biological fluids – an application for 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Authors: Baecher Silvia , Geyer Roland , Lehmann Christine , Vogeser Michael 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background: Already available sample preparation technologies for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry have substantial shortcomings with respect to automation. A novel approach is based on gel-like polymeric material with defined absorption chemistry, which is immobilized in micro-plate wells. It is referred to as Tecan Immobilized Coating Extraction
™ (TICE
™) technology and it enables easy automation on liquid handling systems. We aimed to study the performance of Tecan AC Extraction Plate
™ based on this principle by addressing 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) as an exemplary analyte.

Methods: A protocol for extraction of 25OHD from serum samples based on TICE
™ technology was implemented on a robotic liquid handling system Freedom EVO
® (Tecan). An isotope-dilution ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was used for quantification. Performance was tested according to a comprehensive protocol.

Results: Linearity was found over a range from 4.3 to 65.8 ng/mL for 25OHD3. The coefficients of variation for the intra-day and inter-day precision were <6% and accuracy ranged between 96.9% and 99.8% for 25OHD3. Recovery was 84% and efficient control of matrix effects was verified. High sample throughput could be observed with 96 samples prepared in <60 min. Close agreement of results was found for clinical samples analyzed with a second tandem mass spectrometry method based on protein precipitation and two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography for sample preparation (r=0.988, n=73).

Conclusions: The new TICE
™ technology was found to be a useful process for sample preparation in clinical mass spectrometry. Full automation suited for routine analysis was achieved.
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) excretion increases in normal pregnancy but not in preeclampsia
Authors: Ødum Lars , Andersen Anita Sylvest , Hviid Thomas Vauvert F. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) serum values have been shown to increase in preeclampsia. The goal of the present study was to evaluate changes in urinary NGAL concentrations during uncomplicated pregnancy and in cases of preeclampsia and hypertension.Fifty-one pregnant women who developed preeclampsia and 28 diagnosed with essential or gestational hypertension were investigated for urinary NGAL concentrations during pregnancy. As controls, 100 healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were randomly selected. Urinary NGAL as well as urinary creatinine and albumin were measured by a standardized clinical chemistry platform (ARCHITECTUrinary NGAL concentrations increased during pregnancy in healthy pregnant women, whereas this increase was not detected in preeclampsia. In order to correct for diuresis, spot urine concentrations were also determined as NGAL/creatinine ratio. NGAL/creatinine ratio in pregnancy week 36–38 was significantly lower in preeclampsia than in healthy pregnant women or pregnant women with hypertension. NGAL urinary concentrations did not correlate with albumin concentration in urine.Urinary NGAL is not a valuable early biomarker for preeclampsia.
Influence of urine volume on the assessment of intestinal permeability in affected children by multiple sugar probes
Authors: Addobbati Riccardo , Pascolo Lorella , Di Toro Nicola , Sebastiani Giulia B. , Martellossi Stefano , Not Tarcisio 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this study we have looked at the reliability of a multi-sugar test in a pediatric patient population and its accuracy at small urine volumes to evaluate intestinal permeability.Out of 117 subjects enrolled, 31 were healthy and 86 were sick. A solution containing lactulose, rhamnose, sucrose, and sucralose was administered to subjects who were on fasting; the urine excreted during 5 h was collected and measured. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and results were expressed as percentage of sugar recoveries and lactulose/rhamnose (L/R) ratio.The analyses showed a clear effect of low urinary volumes (≤240 mL) particularly affecting rhamnose excretion in healthy subjects and sucrose and sucralose recovery in diseased children. Despite the low rhamnose recovery, as lactulose is not similarly affected, the diagnostic reliability of L/R ratio is well preserved at low diuresis conditions. However, this ratio can be useful to discriminate acute conditions vs. clinical remissions only at high urine volumes. Data also suggest potential diagnostic applicability of sucrose and sucralose in children at high urine volumes.In conclusion, the multi-sugar test has a good predictivity in pediatric subjects but results must be carefully interpreted in the face of reduced diuresis.
Plasma endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) in management of community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Kao Shang-Jyh , Chuang Chun-Yi , Tang Chih-Hsin , Lin Chien-Huang , Bien Mauo-Ying , Yu Ming-Chih , Bai Kuan-Jen , Yang Shun-Fa , Chien Ming-Hsien 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background: Endothelial cell-specific molecule (ESM)-1 is a soluble proteoglycan expressed by the vascular endothelium and which also circulates in the bloodstream. Inflammatory cytokines and proangiogenic growth factors increase its expression, and increased serum levels are found in immunocompetent patients with sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate differential changes in plasma levels of ESM-1 before and after antibiotic treatment in hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Methods: Plasma ESM-1 levels were measured in 82 adult patients with CAP and 82 healthy controls using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Upon initial hospitalization, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), CURB-65, and Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) scores were determined to assess CAP severity in these patients.

Results: Results showed a decline in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) and neutrophils, and decreases in the concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and ESM-1 after antibiotic treatment. The plasma concentration of ESM-1, but not CRP or the WBC count, was correlated with the severity of CAP based on the PSI (r=0.554, p<0.001), CURB-65 (r=0.510, p<0.001), and APACHE II scores (r=0.447, p<0.001).

Conclusions: Plasma levels of ESM-1 may be able to play a role in the diagnosis and clinical assessment of the severity of CAP, which could potentially guide the development of treatment strategies.
Evaluation of 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 cross-reactivity in the Roche Elecsys Vitamin D Total protein binding assay
Authors: van den Ouweland Johannes M.W. , Beijers Antonius M. , van Daal Henny , Elisen Marc G.L.M. , Steen Gerard , Wielders Jos P.M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background: Presence of the 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3] metabolite affects accurate determination of 25(OH)D3 by most routine liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods and to an unknown extent in present immuno- and protein binding assays. We studied 3-epi-25(OH)D3 cross-reactivity in a competitive protein binding (CPB) assay (Roche Elecsys).

Methods: Neonatal samples, containing up to 58% of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were used for measurement by the CPB assay and by an LC-MS/MS method separating 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3. Analytical recovery was also studied by addition of exogenous 3-epi-25(OH)D3.

Results: The CPB assay showed approximately 51% cross-reactivity to 3-epi-25(OH)D3 at exogenous addition. In contrast, there was minimal 3-epi-25(OH)D3 recognition by the CPB assay when present as the natural endogenous metabolite.

Conclusions: The automated CPB assay displays minimal 3-epi-25(OH)D3 cross-reactivity in samples containing significant concentrations of endogenous 3-epi-25(OH)D3. Exogenous 3-epi-25(OH)D3 added to human serum or plasma seems to behave different from endogenous presence, and caution is warranted when using samples spiked with vitamin D metabolites for testing analytical specificity or external quality assurance in immuno- or protein binding assays.
Beating the bugs: roles of microbial biofilms in corrosion
Authors: Li Kwan , Whitfield Matthew , Van Vliet Krystyn J. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMicrobiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a complex type of environmentally assisted corrosion. Although poorly understood and challenging to ameliorate, it is increasingly appreciated that MIC accelerates failure of metal alloys, including steel pipeline. Historically, this type of material degradation process has been treated from either an electrochemical materials perspective or a microbiological perspective. Here, we review the current understanding of MIC mechanisms for steel – particularly those in sour environments relevant to fossil fuel recovery and processing – and outline the role of the bacterial biofilm in both corrosion processes and mitigation responses.
Protein-based nano-structure fabrication in aqueous solution: Bio Nano Process
Authors: Yamashita Ichiro 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTA new nano-fabrication process, utilizing protein supramolecules, biomineralization, and nano-etching was proposed, which was named Bio Nano Process (BNP). The main processes of the BNP include the nanoparticle (NP) or nanowire (NW) synthesis utilizing bio-template (biomineralization) and nanostructure fabrication utilizing self-organization of protein supramolecules. Proteins are so designed to produce the final structures. The space where nano functional structures are fabricated is named an “Active Bio-field”. It was proven that the process has vast potential to be applied to a wide range of quantum effect base nano-devices and thin film devices.
What Lies Within: Novel Strategies in Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Forde Patrick M. , Reiss Kim A. , Zeidan Amer M. , Brahmer Julie R. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Introduction.
Immunotherapy has become an increasingly important therapeutic strategy for those with cancer, with phase III studies demonstrating survival advantages in melanoma and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a promising target for the next generation of immune-based strategies. In this article, we examine the current state of the art in lung cancer immunotherapy, including vaccines that specifically target lung tumor antigens and immune checkpoint antibodies such as antiprogrammed death 1 (anti-PD-1). Both approaches harness innate immunity against tumors by suppressing tumor-induced immune paresis.

Methods.
To identify relevant clinical trials of immunotherapy in NSCLC, PubMed and Medline databases were searched using the terms “immunotherapy” and “NSCLC,” and several other therapy-specific search terms (e.g., PD-1, NSCLC). Additionally, abstracts presented at international lung cancer symposia, the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting, and the European Society of Medical Oncology annual meeting between 2005 and 2013 were evaluated.

Results.
Large international phase III trials of NSCLC vaccines have completed accrual in both the adjuvant and metastatic disease settings. Results of the START study were disappointing, but results from other studies are still awaited. Immune checkpoint modulation has shown promise, with separate phase I studies of the anti-PD-1 antibody, nivolumab, and anti-PD-L1 antibody, MPDL3280A, demonstrating good tolerance and durable responses for certain patients with NSCLC who were heavily pretreated.

Conclusions.
Immune-based strategies have shown initial promise for early- and advanced-stage NSCLC. Validating these findings in randomized studies and discovering durable biomarkers of response represent the next challenges for investigation.
A Randomized Study of Interferon α-2b Versus No Treatment as Consolidation After High Dose Therapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Relapsed Lymphoma
Authors: Bosly André , Grigg Andrew , Holte Harald , Gisselbrecht Christian , Radford John , Rossi Andrea , Lopez-Guillermo Armando , Trneny Marek , Sebban Catherine , Hagberg Hans , Leal da Costa Fernando , Colombat Philippe , Bron Dominique , Coiffier Bertrand 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background.
Patients with lymphoma who have experienced a first relapse or progression and have disease deemed sensitive to salvage chemotherapy nevertheless have a high likelihood of having a second relapse. To decrease the likelihood of a second relapse after high-dose therapy (HDT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), interferon (IFN) α-2b was given in a prospective randomized international trial.

Methods.
In this trial, 221 patients with varying histologic diagnoses (8 small lymphocytic, 37 follicular, 9 mantle, 90 diffuse large B-cell, 20 peripheral T-cell, 3 high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and 54 Hodgkin lymphoma) were randomly assigned to receive no further treatment (arm A: 117 patients) or IFNα-2b, 3 MU three times weekly, for 18 months (arm B: 104 patients).

Results.
In arm B, 21 patients (20%) did not receive IFNα-2b because of early progression or absence of hematologic recovery, 29 patients (28%) completed the 18 months of treatment, and 54 patients (52%) interrupted treatment because of progression (23%) or toxicity (29%). Event-free survival and overall survival were not different between the two arms on an intent-to-treat analysis and also if analysis was restricted to patients who were alive and had not experienced disease progression three months after transplantation. The study was not sufficiently powered to evaluate effects in histologic subtypes.

Conclusion.
In this trial, post-autograft IFNα-2b did not improve outcomes in a heterogeneous group of patients with lymphoma.
Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Significantly Reduces Severe Hypoglycemia in Hypoglycemia-Unaware Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Choudhary Pratik , Ramasamy Sharmin , Green Louisa , Gallen Geraldine , Pender Siobhan , Brackenridge Anna , Amiel Stephanie A. , Pickup John C. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on the frequency of severe hypoglycemia (SH) in patients with established hypoglycemia unawareness.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective audit of 35 patients with type 1 diabetes and problematic hypoglycemia unawareness, despite optimized medical therapy (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion/multiple daily insulin injections), who used CGM for &gt;1 year.

RESULTS
Over a 1-year follow-up period, the median rates of SH were reduced from 4.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.75–7.25) episodes/patient-year to 0.0 (0.0–1.25) episodes/patient-year (P &lt; 0.001), and the mean (±SD) rates were reduced from 8.1 ± 13 to 0.6 ± 1.2 episodes/year (P = 0.005). HbA1c was reduced from 8.1 ± 1.2% to 7.6 ± 1.0% over the year (P = 0.005). The mean Gold score, measured in 19 patients, did not change: 5.1 ± 1.5 vs. 5.2 ± 1.9 (P = 0.67).

CONCLUSIONS
In a specialist experienced insulin pump center, in carefully selected patients, CGM reduced SH while improving HbA1c but failed to restore hypoglycemia awareness.
Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Subjects With Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome Treated With Phentermine and Topiramate Extended Release
Authors: Garvey W. Timothy , Ryan Donna H. , Henry Robert , Bohannon Nancy J.V. , Toplak Hermann , Schwiers Michael , Troupin Barbara , Day Wesley W. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate over 108 weeks the effect of phentermine and topiramate extended release (PHEN/TPM ER) treatment on progression to type 2 diabetes and/or cardiometabolic disease in subjects with prediabetes and/or metabolic syndrome (MetS) at baseline.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Subanalysis of a phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of overweight/obese subjects (BMI ≥27 to ≤45 kg/m2) with two or more comorbidities. Subjects were randomized to placebo, PHEN 7.5 mg/TPM ER 46 mg (7.5/46), or PHEN 15 mg/TPM ER 92 mg (15/92) plus lifestyle modifications for 108 weeks. Percent weight loss in the intent-to-treat population using multiple imputation (ITT-MI), annualized incidence rate of progression to type 2 diabetes, and changes in glycemia, lipid parameters, blood pressure, and waist circumference were evaluated.

RESULTS
At baseline, 475 subjects met the criteria for prediabetes and/or MetS. After 108 weeks, subjects with prediabetes and/or MetS in the placebo, 7.5/46, and 15/92 groups experienced mean percent weight loss of 2.5, 10.9, and 12.1%, respectively (ITT-MI; P &lt; 0.0001 vs. placebo), associated with reductions of 70.5 and 78.7% in the annualized incidence rate of type 2 diabetes for those receiving 7.5/46 and 15/92, respectively (ITT, P &lt; 0.05), versus placebo. The ability of PHEN/TPM ER to prevent diabetes was related to degree of weight lost and was accompanied by significant improvements in cardiometabolic parameters. PHEN/TPM ER was well tolerated by this subgroup over 2 years.

CONCLUSIONS
PHEN/TPM ER plus lifestyle modification produced significant weight loss and markedly reduced progression to type 2 diabetes in overweight/obese patients with prediabetes and/or MetS, accompanied by improvements in multiple cardiometabolic disease risk factors.