bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors in venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients
Authors: Hotoleanu Cristina , Andercou Aurel 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) causes considerable morbidity and mortality. About half of all VTE cases in adults are related to recent hospitalization, in spite of the clinical guidelines regarding prophylaxis. We aimed to assess the frequency and the independent risk factors in VTE in hospitalized patients, and to compare the risk factors in medical versus surgical cases. A case-control study consisting of 732 patients (382 with VTE and 350 controls) was designed. At least one risk factor was found in 90.31% of VTE cases; more than half of the patients presented multiple risk factors, associated with a double risk comparatively to the intervention of only one factor. A similar distribution of the risk factors was found in both medical and surgical patients, except for congestive cardiac failure (predominant in medical cases) and respectively, varicose veins, previous episode of VTE and cancer (predominant in surgical VTE patients). The independent risk factors in VTE were the following: previous episode of VTE, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive cardiac failure, varicose veins and cancer. The study shows the importance of the risk factors in VTE and the need to detect hospitalized patients at risk in both medical and surgical cases.
Artificial neural networks approach to early lung cancer detection
Authors: Goryński Krzysztof , Safian Izabela , Grądzki Włodzimierz , Marszałł Michał , Krysiński Jerzy , Goryński Sławomir , Bitner Anna , Romaszko Jerzy , Buciński Adam 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Lung cancer is rated with the highest incidence and mortality every year compared with other forms of cancer, therefore early detection and diagnosis is essential. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are “artificial intelligence” software which have been used to assess a few prognostic situations. In this study, a database containing 193 patients from Diagnostic and Monitoring of Tuberculosis and Illness of Lungs Ward in Kuyavia and Pomerania Centre of the Pulmonology (Bydgoszcz, Poland) was analysed using ANNs. Each patient was described using 48 factors (i.e. age, sex, data of patient history, results from medical examinations etc.) and, as an output value, the expected presence of lung cancer was established. All 48 features were retrospectively collected and the database was divided into a training set (n=97), testing set (n=48) and a validating set (n=48). The best prediction score of the ANN model (MLP 48-9-2) was above 0.99 of the area under a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. The ANNs were able to correctly classify 47 out of 48 test cases. These data suggest that Artificial Neural Networks can be used in prognosis of lung cancer and could help the physician in diagnosis of patients with the suspicion of lung cancer.
Increased oxidative stress status in rat serum after five minutes treadmill exercise
Authors: Trofin Florin-Petrut , Ciobica Alin , Cojocaru Dumitru , Chirazi Marin , Honceriu Cezar , Trofin Laurentiu , Serban Dragomir , Timofte Daniel , Cojocaru Sabina , Anton Emil 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Although it is accepted that an important correlation exists between the physical exercise and the oxidative stress status, the data regarding the levels of the main oxidative stress markers after physical training have been difficult to interpret and a subject of many controversies. There are also very few studies regarding the effects of short-time exercise on the oxidative stress status modifications. Thus, in the present report we were interested in studying the modifications of some oxidative stress markers (two antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, a lipid peroxidation parameter — malondyaldehide, the total antioxidant status and protein carbonyl levels), from the serum of rats that were subject to one bout of five minutes exercise on a treadmill, when compared to a control sedentary group. In this way, we observed a decrease of superoxide dismutase specific activity in the rats which performed the exercises. Still, no modifications of glutathione peroxidase specific activity were found between groups. In addition, increased levels of malondyaldehide and protein carbonyls were observed in the rats subjected to exercises. In conclusion, our data provides new evidence regarding the increase of the oxidative stress status, as a result of a 5-minutes bout of treadmill exercising in rats, expressed through a decrease in the SOD specific activity and the total antioxidant status and also an increase of the lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation processes.
Association between Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease and Streptococcus pneumoniae infection
Authors: Ángeles Valcárcel-García M , Aliste-Santos Carlos , González-Quintela Arturo , Díaz-Peromingo José 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a rare histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis that affects typically young women causing fever and painful laterocervical lymphadenopathy. The etiology is unknown, but several viral infections and autoimmune diseases have been related with the disease. Bacterial infections are less frequent. Diagnosis needs for excisional lymph node biopsy that shows paracortical areas of coagulative necrosis with abundant debris, distortion of the nodal architecture, and a large amount of histiocytes at the margins of the necrotic areas. There is no specific treatment for the disease. We present the case of a young woman with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease associated with lower respiratory tract infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae and review the literature.
Diagnosis of paediatric airway foreign body: is it easy?
Authors: Rybojad Beata , Niedzielska Grażyna , Rudnicka-Drożak Ewa 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Foreign-body aspiration in children results in diagnostic problems, mainly because of nonspecific signs. Therefore, in this study, we placed particular stress on false-positive and -negative predictors. Charts of 139 consecutive paediatric patients aged 6.0 months to 15.5 years who underwent bronchoscopy for a suspected foreign body aspiration were analysed retrospectively. A foreign body was found in 95 cases (68%). The anamnesis was positive in 91%. Cough was the most common clinical symptom (91%) with a sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 23%, respectively. There were no significant correlations between clinical symptoms and the locations of foreign bodies. The majority of focal hyperinflation (24%) and atelectasis (15%) were seen in chest radiographs, with a sensitivity and specificity of 33% and 89% (hyperinflation) and 15% and 82% (atelectasis), respectively. Chest X-rays were normal in 46 cases; however, an object was removed in 25. Persistent infiltrates were present in 14 X-rays, and a foreign body was extracted during bronchoscopy in 4. A highly significant correlation between the type of foreign body and radiological signs was noted (p = 0.00001). Anamnesis, clinical symptoms, and radiological findings are helpful in confirming aspiration, but can be misleading. Chronic or recurrent pneumonia should prompt further bronchoscopic diagnosis.
Analysis of ultrastructural synaptic apparatus in parietal neurocortical and midbrain neurons in animals with experimental mild craniocerebral injury prior to and following magneto-laser therapy
Authors: Zubkova Olena , Semenova Vira , Samosiuk Ivan , Zukow Walery , Vaslovich Viktoria , Samosiuk Natalia 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Taking over someone else's e-learning design: challenges trigger change in e-learning beliefs and practices
Authors: Scott Karen M. 
Published: July 2014

As universities invest in the development of e-learning resources, e-learning sustainability has come under consideration. This has largely focused on the challenges and facilitators of organisational and technological sustainability and scalability, and professional development. Little research has examined the experience of a teacher dealing with e-learning sustainability when taking over a course with an e-learning resource and associated assessment. This research focuses on a teacher who was inexperienced with e-learning technology, yet took over a blended unit of study with an e-learning resource that accounted for one-fifth of the subject assessment and was directed towards academic skills development relevant to the degree program. Taking a longitudinal approach, this research examines the challenges faced by the new teacher and the way she changed the e-learning resource and its implementation over two years. A focus of the research is the way the teacher's reflections on the challenges and changes provided an opportunity and stimulus for change in her e-learning beliefs and practices. This research has implications for the way universities support teachers taking over another teacher's e-learning resource, the need for explicit documentation of underpinning beliefs and structured handover, the benefit of teamwork in developing e-learning resources, and provision of on-going support.Keywords: e-learning sustainability; e-learning beliefs and practices; reflection; longitudinal research(Published: 30 July 2014)Citation: Research in Learning Technology 2014, 22: 23362 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v22.23362
Real-Time Dynamic Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations During Microcoaxial Phacoemulsification Using Different Aspiration Flow Rates and Their Impact on Early Postoperative Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Vasavada Vaishali , Raj Shetal M. , Praveen Mamidipudi R. , Vasavada Abhay R. , Henderson Bonnie A. , Asnani Priyadarshi K. 
Published: July 2014

PURPOSE:
To compare the impact of varying fluidic parameters on intraoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations and postoperative outcomes.

METHODS:
Prospective randomized study of 80 eyes undergoing cataract surgery that were randomly assigned to low (aspiration flow rate: 20 cc/min; bottle height: 90 cm; vacuum: 400 mm Hg) and high (aspiration flow rate: 40 cc/min; bottle height: 110 cm; vacuum: 400 mm Hg) fluidic parameter groups. Real-time dynamic intraoperative IOP was measured during nuclear fragment removal. Mean maximum and minimum IOP and percentage reduction in IOP from maximum were compared between groups. Postoperatively, the rate of change in central corneal thickness and anterior chamber inflammation at days 1 and 7, endothelial cell density at 3 months, and corneal clarity on day 1 were compared.

RESULTS:

Minimum IOP in the low and high parameters groups was 35 ± 4.0 and 34.5 ± 6.8 mm Hg, respectively. Maximum IOP in the low and high parameters groups was 69 ± 3.0 and 85 ± 1.2 mm Hg, respectively (
P
< .002). Mean percent reduction from maximum was 59% in the high parameters group compared to 41% in the low parameters group, with the difference being statistically significant (
P
< .002). Rate of change in central corneal thickness was greater in the high parameters group at postoperative days 1 and 7 (
P
< .001). Anterior chamber inflammation and corneal clarity on the first postoperative day were significantly better in the low parameters group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Higher aspiration flow rate and bottle heights are associated with high intraoperative IOPs of up to 85 mm Hg. Prolonged elevated IOP during cataract surgery was found to have more anterior segment inflammation and more edematous corneas.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(8):534–540.]
Topical Cyclosporine A Treatment in Corneal Refractive Surgery and Patients With Dry Eye
Authors: Torricelli Andre A. M. , Santhiago Marcony R. , Wilson Steven E. 
Published: July 2014

PURPOSE:
To evaluate preoperative and postoperative dry eye and the effect of cyclosporine A treatment in patients screened for corneal refractive surgery and treated with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or LASIK.

METHODS:
A consecutive case series of 1,056 patients screened for corneal refractive surgery from 2007 to 2012 was retrospectively analyzed. The level of preoperative and postoperative dry eye and the responsiveness to topical cyclosporine A treatment were assessed.

RESULTS:
One eye of each patient was randomly selected. A total of 642 eyes progressed to surgery: 524 (81.6%) and 118 (18.4%) underwent LASIK and PRK, respectively. Of 81 (7.7%) diagnosed as having dry eye, 55 were deemed potential candidates and optimized for refractive surgery. Thirty-seven patients with moderate dry eye were treated with topical cyclosporine A prior to surgery (mean duration: 3.2 ± 2.1 months; range: 1 to 12 months). After cyclosporine A treatment, 28 (75.7%) eyes underwent LASIK, 4 (10.8%) eyes underwent PRK, and 5 (13.5%) eyes were not operated on due to failed treatment of dry eye. Postoperative refractive surgery-induced neurotrophic epitheliopathy (LINE in LASIK) was noted in 132 (27.3%) and 12 (11.1%) eyes that underwent LASIK and PRK, respectively. Topical cyclosporine A was prescribed in 79 LASIK-induced and 3 PRK-induced dry eyes. After 12 months or more of cyclosporine A treatment, 5 (6.1%) eyes continued to have dry eye symptoms or signs.

CONCLUSIONS:
Topical cyclosporine A treatment is effective therapy for optimizing patients for refractive surgery and treatment of new onset or worsened dry eye after surgery.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(8):558–564.]
Utility and diagnostic accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration cytology of mediastinal lesions: Saudi Arabian experience
Authors: Raddaoui Emad , Alhamad Esam H , Zaidi Shaesta Naseem , Al-Habeeb Fatmah F , Arafah Maha 
Published: July 2014

Objective:
The objective of this study is to evaluate the cytological accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-TFNA) of the mediastinal mass/nodular lesions.

Study Design:
Over 3½ years from inception at King Khalid University Hospital, a retrospective analysis of the cytological diagnoses of all the EBUS-TFNA procedures performed in 80 patients who had mediastinal mass/nodular enlargement. Cytology results were reviewed and correlated with the histologic follow-up.

Results:
Of the 80 patients who underwent EBUS-TFNA, 15 cases (18.75%) were positive for malignancy, 48 cases (60%) negative for malignancy and 17 cases (21.25%) unsatisfactory. Of the 48 cases, which were negative for malignancy, 24 (50%) cases were of granulomatous inflammation. The overall diagnostic yield of our EBUS-TFNA specimen was 78.75%. Forty-seven cases (58.75%) of 80 cases had histological follow-up biopsies. Among them, 32 cases (68%) had the same cytological and histological diagnosis and 15 cases (31.09%) had discordance between the cytology and the follow-up histological diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for diagnosing granulomas by EBUS-TFNA are 77%, 82%, 83%, and 75% and for diagnosing malignancy are 71%, 100%, 100%, and 82%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Preliminary results show that cytological samples obtained through EBUS-TFNA are accurate and specific in making a diagnosis of the mediastinal mass/nodular lesions. Its optimum use depends on the effective collaboration between the cytotechnologist, pathologist, and the bronchoscopist.
Adult Identification of Music Behaviors Demonstrated by Young Children
Authors: Reese Jill A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to investigate how adults identify music behaviors of young children in play-based early childhood settings. Seventy-two adults (24 child development teachers, 24 early childhood music teachers, and 24 professional musicians) participated. In each professional expertise group, half were parents. Adults watched video of young children (ages 5 months to 15 months) and adults interacting musically, and pressed the spacebar to identify music behaviors demonstrated by the children. Adults heard one of two directions: half identified behaviors that made musical sense, and half identified behaviors that seemed intentionally musical. Total number of identified behaviors varied significantly based on professional expertise (child development, early childhood music, and professional musician), but not significantly based on parental status or directions. Total number of consensus acts (music behaviors identified by 75% or more of participants in a group) varied significantly based on professional expertise. Consensus acts contained common features: beat-related movements and vocalizations. Results suggest professional expertise in early childhood music may enhance adults’ abilities to identify behaviors as music. Early childhood music teachers identified significantly more music behaviors than the other two groups. Results suggest professional expertise may influence the types of behaviors adults identify as music. All adults agreed beat-related movement was music; early childhood music teachers were significantly more likely than any other group to identify vocalizations as music behaviors.
The Underlying Structure of Parental Involvement–Home Environment in Music
Authors: Zdzinski Stephen 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the underlying multifaceted structure of home environment in music using a factor analysis methodology, and to create a scale that reflects this structure. Students from a major metropolitan area in the southeastern United States (N = 523) enrolled in general music classes, orchestra classes, band classes, and chorus classes in grades 4–12 completed a 99-item pool measure. Items were created based on previous research in music education and education. A factor analysis of the item measure identified seven parental involvement–home environment in music factors: Home Musical Structure, Attitudes Toward Music, Home Musical Environment, Music Program Support, Parental Expectations, Family Musical Participation, and Family Musical Background. Six items for each factor were selected for the final scale based on factor loadings and to measure unique aspects of each factor. The MANOVA revealed that five of the seven factors (Home Musical Structure, Attitudes Toward Music, Home Musical Environment, Music Program Support, and Family Musical Participation) differed by sample characteristics.
Is Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis Gas-Distended and Ruptured Lymphatics?: Reappraisal by Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Gui Xianyong , Zhou Yi , Eidus Leslie , Falck Vincent , Gao Zu-hua , Qin Lihui 
Published: July 2014

Context.—Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a condition with multiple gas-filled cysts within the bowel wall, associated with diverse background diseases. Its pathogenesis is still a mystery. Some previous observations scattered in the literature have suggested an association of the cystic spaces in PCI with the lymphatics.Objective.—To further investigate whether PCI results from the ballooning of gas-filled lymphatic channels.Design.—We did immunostaining of podoplanin, a mucoprotein preferentially expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells, in 13 cases (8 men, 5 women; age range, 18–80 years) of PCI. Ten cases were diagnosed in resected segments of bowel and 3 in biopsies. Pneumatosis was seen in the right side of the colon (9 cases), transverse colon (1 case), sigmoid colon (1 case), and small bowel (2 cases). In addition, immunostaining for CD31, calretinin, WT1, CD68, smooth muscle actin, desmin, vimentin, and cytokeratins was also performed for comparison and correlation.Results.—A strong immunopositivity of podoplanin was seen in a condensed linear structure in the pericystic interstitium in 100% of the cases, but was not seen in the overlying giant and flat cells that were all CD68-positive histiocytes. Meanwhile, the podoplanin-expressing structure was negative for calretinin and WT1, which ruled out the possible mesothelial origin. There were coexistent variable immunopositivity of smooth muscle actin, which suggests an admixture of myofibroblasts. These findings indicated that the PCI cases were gas-distended lymphatics with the lymphatic epithelium ruptured and embedded in the reactive histiocytes and giant cells.Conclusion.—Our findings support the lymphatic theory about the pathogenesis of PCI.
Pathologic T1 Subclassification of Ampullary Carcinoma With Perisphincteric or Duodenal Submucosal Invasion: Is It T1b?
Authors: You DongDo , Heo JinSeok , Choi SeongHo , Choi DongWook , Jang Kee-Taek 
Published: July 2014

Context.—In ampullary carcinoma staging, T1 is defined as a tumor limited to the ampulla of Vater or the sphincter of Oddi, and T2 is defined as invasion into the duodenal wall. However, the definition of duodenal wall invasion is vague. Ampullary carcinoma that invades beyond the sphincteric of Oddi (perisphincteric invasion) or into the duodenal submucosa could be considered pT1b because submucosal invasion is classified as pT1b in gastrointestinal tract tumors. However, there are no data regarding T subclassifications for ampullary carcinoma with perisphincteric or duodenal submucosa invasion.
Objectives.—To determine the T subclassification of ampullary carcinoma that invades into perisphincteric or duodenal submucosa.
Design.—Pathologically proven ampullary carcinomas with T1 or T2 were reviewed (n = 105). We reclassified tumors as pT1a that were limited to within the sphincter of Oddi (n = 40; 38%), as pT1b for tumors that invaded beyond the sphincter of Oddi or into the duodenal submucosa (n = 25; 24%), and as pT2 for tumors that invaded into duodenal proper muscle (n = 40; 38%).
Results.—Lymph node metastasis and recurrence were absent in ampullary carcinoma with pT1a, whereas nodal metastasis were noted in 24% (6 of 25) and 40% (16 of 40) of the ampullary carcinomas with pT1b and pT2, respectively. Tumor recurrence/metastasis rate of ampullary carcinoma with pT1b and pT2 was 44% (11 of 25) and 40% (16 of 40), respectively. The 5-year disease-free-survival rates from ampullary carcinoma with pT1a, pT1b, and pT2 were 95% (38 of 40), 56% (14 of 25), and 58% (23 of 40), respectively (P = .003). The 5-year overall survival from ampullary carcinoma with pT1a, pT1b, and pT2 was 98% (39 of 40), 72% (18 of 25), and 60% (24 of 40), respectively.
Conclusions.—The clinicopathologic outcome of ampullary carcinoma with a pT1b subclassification was worse than it was for T1a and approached the outcome for pT2.