bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
God’s Unity and Unity with God: Polemical Interpretations of John 17:20–23 in the Fourth Century
Authors: Foley Holmes Austin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
There are no previous studies of Christ’s prayer in John 17:20–23 as a key text which was debated from multiple theological perspectives in the fourth-century controversies. This article provides a close study of the polemical interpretation of John 17:20–23 in Eusebius of Caesarea, Athanasius of Alexandria, and Hilary of Poitiers. The article considers each interpreter’s exegetical techniques, the views of his opponent(s), and his own positive theological claims. In the conclusion, a taxonomy of these interpretations is provided according to the following criteria: (1) Father–Son unity; (2) καθὼς clauses; (3) God–creature unity. The primary question for each interpreter is: to what extent is the Son’s own unity with the Father paradigmatic for the saints’ unity with the Father? Both Eusebius and Hilary argued that the Son’s own unity with the Father is (with qualifications) actually bestowed upon the saints. They each understood the objective of Christ’s prayer as the realization of a God–creature unity in which the saints are united to the Father ‘just as’ the Son. Athanasius, by contrast, argued that Christ’s prayer exhorts the saints to become one among themselves by learning from the example of the Son’s unity with the Father. Insofar as the saints become one with God, Athanasius insists that such a God–creature unity is radically distinct from the Son’s unity of nature with the Father. Yet for Hilary, this natural unity with the Father is also granted to creatures: to the Son’s own humanity, and to all who are united with it.
How Exercise Works for Your Mental Health Goals
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter showcases how exercises work for mental health goals. It argues that exercise is a useful treatment for low mood and depression, with increasing evidence for similar benefits for anxiety disorders and resilience for habit control. Exercise also has important effects on a crucial brain-maintenance molecule known as BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor). The chapter cites how exercise affects cognition, brain function, neurotransmitters, and sleep patterns. Regardless of how exercise positively affects multiple things at once, it does not mean people should ignore other treatment options since certain types of psychotherapy and medication are effective for treating mood and anxiety disorders.
Thinking Strategies for Exercise
Authors: Otto Michael W. , Smits Jasper A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter covers several thinking strategies for exercise. It explains how thoughts can have a powerful effect on influencing mood and can either boost or sap motivation. Thus, being a good observer of tone and thoughts is vital to making the most out of exercise-related changes in cognition. Some of the thinking strategies during exercise include redirecting negative thoughts and expecting to feel exercise sensations without caring about them. Meanwhile, the thoughts immediately after exercising should revolve around rehearsing benefits and enjoying the success of exercising. The chapter clarifies that miserable exercise sessions are inevitable, but people can still bounce back from these episodes.
Breaking the mass-sheet degeneracy in strong lensing mass modelling with weak lensing observations
Authors: Khadka Narayan , Birrer Simon , Leauthaud Alexie , Nix Holden 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The Hubble constant ($H_0$), a crucial parameter in cosmology, quantifies the expansion rate of the universe so its precise measurement is important to understand the fundamental dynamics of our evolving universe. One of the major limitations of measuring $H_0$ using time-delay cosmography is the presence of the mass-sheet degeneracy (MSD) in the lens mass modelling. We propose and quantitatively assess the use of galaxy–galaxy shear measurements to break the MSD in the strong lensing mass modelling. We use stacked galaxy–galaxy lensing profiles and corresponding covariance matrices from Huang et al. to constrain the MSD in lens mass modelling with a highly flexible mass profile. Our analyses show that if ideally all galaxy–galaxy lensing measurements from the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey can be used to constrain the MSD, we can achieve $\sim 10~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ precision on the MSD constraint. We forecast that galaxy–galaxy lensing measurements from Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST)-like surveys can in general constrain the MSD with $\sim 1\,\mathrm{ per\,cent}-3~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ precision. Furthermore, if we push weak lensing measurements to a lower angular scale of $\sim 0.04\,\rm Mpc$, a survey like LSST can provide $\sim 1~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ precision on the MSD constraint, enabling a measurement of $H_0$ at the 1 per cent level. We demonstrate that galaxy–galaxy weak lensing can robustly constrain the MSD independent of stellar kinematics of the deflector, with wide-field survey data alone.
Dust formation in common envelope binary interactions – II: 3D simulations with self-consistent dust formation
Authors: Bermúdez-Bustamante Luis C , De Marco Orsola , Siess Lionel , Price Daniel J , González-Bolívar Miguel , Lau Mike Y M , Mu Chunliang , Hirai Ryosuke , Danilovich Taïssa , Kasliwal Mansi M 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We performed numerical simulations of the common envelope (CE) interaction between thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars of 1.7 and 3.7 M$_{\odot }$, respectively, and a 0.6 M$_{\odot }$ compact companion. We use tabulated equations of state to take into account recombination energy. For the first time, formation and growth of dust is calculated explicitly, using a carbon dust nucleation network with a C/O abundance ratio of 2.5 (by number). The first dust grains appear within $\sim$1–3 yr after the onset of the CE, forming an optically thick shell at $\sim$10–20 au, growing in thickness and radius to values of $\sim$400–500 au over $\sim$40 yr, with temperatures around 400 K. Most dust is formed in unbound material, having little effect on mass ejection or orbital evolution. By the end of the simulations, the total dust yield is $\sim 8.4\times 10^{-3}$ and $\sim 2.2\times 10^{-2}$ M$_{\odot }$ for the CE with a 1.7 and a 3.7 M$_{\odot }$ AGB star, respectively, corresponding to a nucleation efficiency close to 100 per cent, if no dust destruction mechanism is considered. Despite comparable dust yields to single AGB stars, in CE ejections the dust forms a thousand times faster, over tens of years as opposed to tens of thousands of years. This rapid dust formation may account for the shift in the infrared of the spectral energy distribution of some optical transients known as luminous red novae. Simulated dusty CEs support the idea that extreme carbon stars and ‘water fountains’ may be objects observed after a CE event.
tessilator: a one-stop shop for measuring TESS rotation periods
Authors: Binks A S , Günther H M 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a software package designed to produce photometric light curves and measure rotation periods from full-frame images taken by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which we name ‘tessilator’. tessilator is the only publicly available code that will run a full light curve and rotation period ($P_{\rm rot}$) analysis based on just a (list of) target identifier(s) or sky position(s) via a simple command-line prompt. This paper sets out to introduce the rationale for developing tessilator, and then describes the methods, considerations, and assumptions for: extracting photometry; dealing with potential contamination; accounting for natural and instrumental systematic effects; light-curve normalization and detrending; removing outliers and unreliable data; and finally, measuring the $P_{\rm rot}$ value and several periodogram attributes. Our methods have been tuned specifically to optimize TESS light curves and are independent from the pipelines developed by the TESS Science Processing Operations Center (SPOC), meaning tessilator can, in principle, analyse any target across the entire celestial sphere. We compare tessilator$P_{\rm rot}$ measurements with TESS-SPOC-derived light curves of 1560 (mainly solar-type and low-mass) stars across four benchmark open clusters (Pisces–Eridanus, the Pleiades, the Hyades, and Praesepe) and a sample of nearby field M-dwarfs. From a vetted subsample of 864 targets we find an excellent return of $P_{\rm rot}$ matches for the first three open clusters ($\gt 85$ per cent) and a moderate ($\sim 60$ per cent) match for the 700 Myr Praesepe and MEarth sample, which validates tessilator as a tool for measuring $P_{\rm rot}$. The tessilator code is available at https://github.com/alexbinks/tessilator.
Loss of the DNA repair protein, polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase, activates the type 1 interferon response independent of ionizing radiation
Authors: Kate Wisdom Deebeke , Fanta Mesfin , Weinfeld Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
DNA damage has been implicated in the stimulation of the type 1 interferon (T1IFN) response. Here, we show that downregulation of the DNA repair protein, polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (PNKP), in a variety of cell lines causes robust phosphorylation of STAT1, upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes and persistent accumulation of cytosolic DNA, all of which are indicators for the activation of the T1IFN response. Furthermore, this did not require damage induction by ionizing radiation. Instead, our data revealed that production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) synergises with PNKP loss to potentiate the T1IFN response, and that loss of PNKP significantly compromises mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity. Depletion of mtDNA or treatment of PNKP-depleted cells with ROS scavengers abrogated the T1IFN response, implicating mtDNA as a significant source of the cytosolic DNA required to potentiate the T1IFN response. The STING signalling pathway is responsible for the observed increase in the pro-inflammatory gene signature in PNKP-depleted cells. While the response was dependent on ZBP1, cGAS only contributed to the response in some cell lines. Our data have implications for cancer therapy, since PNKP inhibitors would have the potential to stimulate the immune response, and also to the neurological disorders associated with PNKP mutation.
A comparative analysis of IDH-mutant glioma in pediatric, young adult, and older adult patients
Authors: Lim-Fat Mary Jane , Cotter Jennifer A , Touat Mehdi , Vogelzang Jayne , Sousa Cecilia , Pisano Will , Geduldig Jack , Bhave Varun , Driver Joseph , Kao Pei-Chi , McGovern Alana , Ma Clement , Margol Ashley S , Cole Kristina , Smith Amy , Goldman Stewart , Kaneva Kristiyana , Truong AiLien , Nazemi Kellie J , Wood Matthew D , Wright Karen D , London Wendy B , Warren Katherine E , Wen Patrick Y , Bi Wenya Linda , Alexandrescu Sanda , Reardon David A , Ligon Keith L , Yeo Kee Kiat 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The frequency and significance of IDH mutations in glioma across age groups are incompletely understood. We performed a multi-center retrospective age-stratified comparison of patients with IDH-mutant gliomas to identify age-specific differences in clinico-genomic features, treatments, and outcomes.

Methods
Clinical, histologic, and sequencing data from patients with IDH-mutant, grades 2–4 gliomas, were collected from collaborating institutions between 2013 and 2019. Patients were categorized as pediatric (&lt;19 years), young adult (YA; 19–39 years), or older adult (≥40 years). Clinical presentation, treatment, histologic, and molecular features were compared across age categories using Fisher’s exact test or analysis-of-variance. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to determine the association of age and other covariates with overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results
We identified a cohort of 379 patients (204 YA) with IDH-mutant glioma with clinical data. There were 155 (41%) oligodendrogliomas and 224 (59%) astrocytomas. YA showed significantly shorter PFS and shorter median time-to-malignant transformation (MT) compared to pediatric and adult groups, but no significant OS difference. Adjusting for pathology type, extent of resection, and upfront therapy in multivariable analysis, the YA group was independently prognostic of shorter PFS than pediatric and adult groups. Among astrocytomas, CDK4/6 copy number amplifications were associated with both shorter PFS and shorter OS. Among oligodendrogliomas, PIK3CA and CDKN2A/2B alterations were associated with shorter OS.

Conclusions
IDH-mutant glioma YA patients had significantly shorter PFS and time to MT but did not differ in OS compared to pediatric and adult groups. Treatment approaches varied significantly by patient age and warrant further study as addressable age-associated outcome drivers.
When genetics and pediatric cancer collide: Understanding and optimizing families’ experiences
Authors: Hetherington Kate , Wakefield Claire E , McGill Brittany C , Tucker Katherine M , Donoghoe Mark W , Daly Rebecca , Hunter Jacqueline D , Ballinger Mandy , Fuentes-Bolanos Noemi A , Ziegler David S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Advances in our understanding of the genetic basis of childhood cancer, including primary central nervous system cancers, are improving the diagnosis, treatment, and clinical management of pediatric patients. To effectively translate scientific breakthroughs into enhanced clinical care, it is essential we understand and learn from the experiences of patients, families, and health professionals.

Methods
This report summarizes findings from 4 Australian psychosocial substudies exploring the perspectives of patients, parents, clinicians, and scientists participating in research related to childhood cancer genetics. Specifically, these studies focus on the psychosocial impact of germline testing in children, surveillance for children with a cancer predisposition syndrome and the perspectives of healthcare professionals who deliver this testing and surveillance.

Results
Data presented highlight some of the opportunities and challenges associated with the changing context of genetic predisposition testing for children, adolescents and yound adults with cancer and illustrate how embedding psychosocial data collection in clinical research can answer important questions in the field and inform the design of patient-centric models of care, resources, and workforce training.

Conclusions
By embracing these perspectives, we can ensure that advances in genetic research translate into enhanced family experiences, and, ultimately, improved outcomes for children and young people with cancer, and their families.
Weight loss interventions for patients with prostate cancer: a scoping review
Authors: Yeary Karen Hye-cheon Kim , Yu Han , Varady Krista , Tang Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review Guidelines were used to conduct a scoping review of weight loss interventions for patients with prostate cancer, with the goal to ascertain the impact of these interventions on body weight, body composition, metabolic biomarkers, and prostate cancer–related outcomes.

Methods
Six bibliographical databases were searched. Eligible studies included articles reporting weight loss behavioral interventions with at least dietary change as an intervention component, body weight as an outcome, and interventions not solely focused on weight loss maintenance. Patients with prostate cancer of any stage were included. At least 2 independent reviewers used a data-charting form to extract study characteristics and results.

Results
A total of 12 studies were included. The sample consisted predominately of White patients with prostate cancer (multiple stages) in the United States. Most interventions included both dietary and physical activity components and were delivered 1-on-1 in-person and/or by telephone. Most of the studies reported that participants experienced significant weight loss and beneficial body composition changes, with a higher proportion of studies with a longer intervention period and dose (time) reporting greater magnitude of changes in outcomes. There were mixed results regarding the interventions’ impact on metabolic biomarkers and prostate cancer–related outcomes.

Discussion
Understanding the impact of weight loss interventions on patients with prostate cancer is important. Studies including metabolic biomarkers, prostate cancer outcomes, and more diverse populations are needed.
Endoscopic balloon dilation of esophageal stricture in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patient: challenges faced and safety of procedure
Authors: Mishra Ruchi , Tetarbe Shivangi , Bedekar Vinit Vinod , Shah Ira 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background: Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) stands as the prototype category of disorders featuring subepidermal fragility, characterized by skin blistering induced by minimal trauma. The gastrointestinal tract is a common site of extracutaneous injury. Esophageal stricture (ES) is one of the severe complications, with nearly 70% of patients experiencing ES within the initial 25 years of life. Case Report: We present a 11-year-old female child of dystrophic EB (DEB) who presented with dysphagia. Barium swallow showed a short segment proximal ES. We faced many challenges before endoscopy owing to difficult intravenous access, restricted mouth opening, multiple dental caries and low haemoglobin. Dental extraction under general anaesthesia and fibreoptic intubation with a smaller sized endotracheal tube guided over epidural catheter was done at another tertiary care institute. Child had severe bleeding due to airway manipulation. Management: At our centre endoscopy guided serial balloon dilation (BD) of ES was performed without intubation under total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) without any complications. The stricture was serially dilated under direct visualization till 12 mm in three sessions at three-weekly intervals using CRE (controlled radial expansion) fixed and wire-guided balloon dilators. During the first session 20 mg of triamcinolone acetate injection was also topically applied without mucosal invasion. No such further topical or submucosal applications were attempted due to risk of perforation. Conclusion: Endoscopy guided BD of ES is safe and effective in EB patients when done by experienced team.
Giant cell arteritis and therapeutic response: a dual facet of immunotherapy in metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma
Authors: Adjadé Ganiou , Haag Kelly , Meunier Jérôme , El Fadli Mohammed , Essadi Ismail , Belbaraka Rhizlane 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a promising cancer treatment, allowing significant and long-term therapeutic responses. Nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death protein-1, is one of the molecules of this therapeutic class with known and manageable side effects. Giant cell arteritis is a rare immune-related adverse event most often manifested by headaches poorly released by common antalgics and can result in visual loss. We report its occurrence in an 80-year-old patient on maintenance nivolumab for metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma. Prompt diagnosis and initiation of glucocorticoid therapy led to symptom improvement and visual recovery.
Treatment patterns for patients with BRCA1/2-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Bilen Mehmet A , Khilfeh Ibrahim , Rossi Carmine , Morrison Laura , Diaz Lilian , Hilts Annalise , Lefebvre Patrick , Pilon Dominic , George Daniel J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with BRCA-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have an aggressive disease course. This study aimed to describe real-world treatment patterns among patients with BRCA-positive mCRPC.

Materials and methods
De-identified electronic health record data from the Flatiron Health-Foundation Medicine Inc. Metastatic Prostate Cancer Clinico-Genomic Database (January 01, 2011 to June 30, 2022) were used to select patients with BRCA-positive mCRPC initiating first-line (1L) therapy with an oncologist-defined advanced line of therapy (LOT) or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) monotherapy. Treatment sequences and reasons for censoring were described in 1L, and among patients who initiated a second-line (2L) therapy.

Results
A total of 98 treated patients with BRCA-positive mCRPC were identified. The top 3 treatment regimens in 1L, overall, were ADT monotherapy (19%), enzalutamide (14%), and olaparib (13%). The main reason for censoring patients with ADT monotherapy was death (52.6%). Among 79 patients treated with an advanced LOT in 1L, 43.0% (n = 34) did not initiate a 2L therapy, of which, 29.4% died. In patients who initiated a 2L (n = 45), the most common 1L to 2L treatment sequence was olaparib to docetaxel (11.1%). The most prescribed 2L therapies were docetaxel (22.2%), olaparib (20.0%), abiraterone acetate (13.3%), and enzalutamide (11.1%). From 1L initiation, the median time-to-next-treatment was 6.2 months.

Conclusion
Among patients with BRCA-positive mCRPC, ADT monotherapy, enzalutamide, and olaparib were most commonly used. Prognosis of BRCA-positive patients was poor, with most patients failing initial therapy resulting in a switch to a new therapy or death. These findings highlight the need for earlier and more effective treatments for patients with BRCA-positive mCRPC.
The New Year’s Eve Meeting
Authors: Yang Dali L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Beginning with the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention leadership learning of the Wuhan outbreak via social media posts on December 30, 2019, a complex interplay of factors, particularly hierarchical interactions within China’s party-government structure, shaped China’s response to the COVID-19 outbreak. This chapter focuses on the New Year’s Eve emergency meeting in Wuhan involving national, provincial, and municipal health officials and experts. Based on a substantial amount of clinical, epidemiological, and genomic investigations, officials and experts decided on the closure of the Huanan Seafood Market and on an action program to be followed. However, the assumptions about the Huanan Seafood Market being the source of the virus and the virus not yet being transmissible from human to human proved erroneous, creating a false sense of security and a missed opportunity to mobilize the public in containing the outbreak in Wuhan.
The China CDC, the Huanan Seafood Market, and Epidemiological Tunnel Vision
Authors: Yang Dali L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
During the initial Wuhan outbreak, the delay in recognizing the human-to-human transmission of the virus raises questions about the role of the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) and the National Health Commission in intellectual and strategic leadership. Even though many cases of novel coronavirus infections very early on were not linked to the Huanan Seafood Market, the China CDC leadership did not review these crucial data until 3 weeks after the outbreak, leading to a gap in understanding and response. This chapter posits that this failure was likely due to an inadequacy in epidemiological imagination and intellectual leadership within a political-administrative environment of fragmented authoritarianism and information suppression. A rigid cognitive framework based on prior experiences with SARS was applied, leading to the downplaying of cases suggesting human-to-human transmission.