bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Thermal Heavy Oil Recovery from Strong Bottom-Water-Drive Reservoir by Combining SAGD with Downhole Water Sink
Authors: Qin Wenting , Wojtanowicz Andrew K. , Li Hongwei 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
While SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage) can be used to recovery heavy oil from strong bottom water drive reservoir, the bottom water is known to have a detrimental effect on the SAGD performance, may cause unsuccessful SAGD application. During SAGD process, the common practice to control the water encroachment is to keep the steam chamber pressure at or above the aquifer pressure. At higher pressure, less latent heat is available, leading to unprofitable SAGD project with low oil production rate and low oil recovery.
In this paper, an innovative approach is proposed to tackle the problem by combining the use of SAGD with DWS (Downhole Water Sink). The concept of DWS is the first to be integrated into SAGD production process. With a new type of well completion design, along with the two separated wells of SAGD, another well is completed in the water zone to decrease the aquifer pressure through continuous water production. As the aquifer pressure decreasing, low steam chest pressure can be maintained, thus allowing for more latent heat available in the formation which would ensure high oil rate and high oil recovery.
A theoretical study of SAGD-DWS performance on improving heavy oil recovery is conducted in this paper. A design model is developed to predict the optimum ranges of the SAGD-DWS production parameters under various operation scenario. The effects of the new approach on increasing oil rate and improving oil recovery in comparison to that of conventional SAGD are quantified. The results demonstrate that unlike other thermal recovery methods, the combined use of SAGD with DWS can prevent the water invasion into the steam chamber while allowing for low steam chamber pressure with high heat efficiency.
Metabolic Factors in Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis – A Review of Clinical Data
Authors: Pillai Sruti , Littlejohn Geoffrey 
Published: December 2014

Objectives:We aimed to review the literature linking metabolic factors to Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH), in order to assess associations between growth factors and DISH.Method:We identified studies in our personal database and PubMed using the following keywords in various combinations: “diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis”, “ankylosing hyperostosis”, “Forestier’s disease”, “diabetes”, “insulin”, “obesity”, “metabolic”, “growth factors”, “adipokines”, “glucose tolerance” and “chondrocytes”.Results:We were not able to do a systematic review due to variability in methodology of studies. We found positive associations between obesity (especially abdominal obesity), Type 2 diabetes mellitus, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and DISH.Conclusion:Current research indicates that certain metabolic factors associate with DISH. More precise studies deriving from these findings on these and other newly identified bone-growth factors are needed.
Recruitment of HIV-Positive Women in Research: Discussing Barriers, Facilitators, and Research Personnel’s Knowledge
Authors: Loutfy Mona R , V Logan Kennedy , Mohammed Saira , Wu Wei , Muchenje Marvelous , Masinde Khatundi , Salam Khaled , Soje Lena , Gregorovich Sandra , Tharao Wangari 
Published: December 2014

Background :
Women have historically been under-represented in HIV research, partly due to ineffective recruitment strategies.

Objective :
To improve the existing understanding of recruitment for HIV-positive women based on a province-wide cross-sectional study.

Methods :
A survey was emailed to all site coordinators who recruited participants in a study involving 490 HIV-positive women living in Ontario, Canada. The survey consisted of questions regarding the important recruitment barriers and successes. Quantitative data were then contextualized within extensive knowledge from research personnel and team members.

Results :
Completed surveys were received from (89%) site coordinators (34/38) and 98% (31/34) were women. The highest ranked recruitment barriers identified were: sensitivity of the research topic (59%), time/availability constraints (59%), language barriers (53%), HIV disclosure/stigma issues (47%), lack of trust of research personnel (41%), fear of research (41%) and inaccessibility to child care and transportation (41%). The respondents felt that the most important personal attributes for recruitment were research personnel who were respectful (97%), skilled (91%), flexible (88%) and empathetic (88%) and had good communication skills (88%). The most successful recruitment strategies identified were: developing a strong rapport (88%) that was facilitated by an empathetic relationship (100%), acknowledging the sensitive nature of the research topic (94%), providing cash financial compensation (88%), and developing recruitment strategies unique to women (88%).

Conclusion :
There are differences in the approaches needed for the recruitment of HIV-positive women in research. For successful recruitment of HIV-positive women, a strong rapport between the research personnel and study participants is important. This rapport is facilitated by having study personnel who are respectful, trustworthy, empathetic, and flexible. Population-specific recruitment strategies are important to ensure adequate recruitment of minority groups in research with greater gender consideration for women requiring specific attention.
In vitro study of human osteoblast proliferation and morphology on orthodontic mini-implants
Authors: Bueno Ricardo Carvalho , Basting Roberta Tarkany 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the proliferation and morphology of human osteoblasts cultured on two brands of mini-implants after 24, 48, and 72 hours, in addition to the chemical composition found on their surface.

Materials and Methods:
Two brands of mini-implant (Morelli and Neodent) were evaluated; polystyrene was used as a control group (n  =  3). Osteoblasts were cultured on the surface of sterilized mini-implants in a CO2 incubator at different time periods (24, 48, and 72 hours). Osteoblast proliferation was quantified by scanning electron microscopy using up to 5000× magnification, and cell morphology was analyzed by a single observer. For the chemical analysis, spectroscopy X-ray fluorescence was used to identify and quantify chemical components on the surface of the mini-implants.

Results:
Two-way ANOVA showed no significant interaction between the factors studied (P  =  0.686). A Tukey test revealed no significant difference in osteoblast proliferation between the mini-implants at all studied periods; however, a difference in cell proliferation was detected between the Neodent and the control group (P  =  .025). For all groups, time had a direct and positive effect on osteoblast proliferation (P &lt; .001). The significant elements present in both brands of mini-implants were titanium, aluminum, vanadium, and iron.

Conclusions:
Osteoblast proliferation was present on the mini-implants studied, which increased over time; however, no significant difference between brands was observed. No difference was seen between the mini-implants evaluated in terms of chemical composition. Cell adhesion after 72 hours suggests that areas of bone remodeling can be achieved, thus initiating the process of mini-implant anchorage.
A psychological study of people who seek orthodontic treatment: Comparison with untreated controls
Authors: Jamilian Hamidreza , Jamilian Mehri , Darnahal Alireza , Jamilian Abdolreza , Perillo Letizia 
Published: December 2014

Objective
Improvement in appearance is an important motivation for orthodontic treatment; nevertheless, not all patients with malocclusion seek treatment; therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the psychological state of patients with moderate to severe malocclusion who seek orthodontic treatment with patients who suffer from similar malocclusion but do not seek treatment.

Materials and Methods
Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 questionnaire which assesses psychological states of people were given to 100 subject with moderate to severe malocclusion who were undergoing orthodontic treatment and 100 subjects with similar malocclusion who did not request orthodontic treatment. All subjects had similar demographic variables. Clinical scales measured by the test included: Hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychopathic deviate, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizophrenia, and hypomania. The questionnaire consisted of 71 questions, and the subjects had to mark “True” or “False” in response. The scores were transformed into T-scores by a trained psychologist. The results were evaluated by independent t-test.

Results and Conclusion
The results of the test showed that both treated and untreated subjects were in similar psychological state and were psychologically normal; therefore, it is likely that other factors affect patients’ willingness for seeking orthodontic treatment rather than their psychological state.
Rutinas de producción informativa en los ciberdiarios de referencia de Ecuador: El Universo, El Mercurio, El Diario y Crónica de la Tarde
Authors: Rivera Rogel Diana , Pereira-Fariña Xosé , Yaguache Quichimbo Jenny 
Published: December 2014

Se tomó como base primordial los perfiles de rutinas de producción de los ciberdiarios de Ecuador (El Universo, El Mercurio, El Diario y Crónica de la Tarde) para conocer la dinámica de trabajo y la práctica profesional de los periodistas en la recolección de la información. Metodología: Se utilizaron técnicas de observación no participante y entrevistas en las salas de redacción de cada ciberdiario. La observación en los diarios se efectúo de acuerdo a las siguientes fechas: El Mercurio (1 y 2 de junio de 2011), El Universo (7 de junio de 2011), El Diario (9 y 10 de junio de 2011), y Crónica de la Tarde (13 y 14 de junio de 2011). Resultados: Los resultados apuntan a que los ciberdiarios mantienen métodos de trabajo rutinario. Discusión: La estructura de trabajo es heredada del medio tradicional. Hay una ausencia de participación de los periodistas en la toma de decisiones, redefinición y evaluación del producto digital. Conclusiones: La transición del trabajo de los periodistas de la versión en papel a la digital presenta una alerta considerable. La organización de las salas de redacción es coherente con las dinámicas de trabajo de los medios, teniendo en cuenta que los recursos humanos son limitados y poco capacitados.
Simulation of Turbulent Flows Using a Finite-Volume Based Lattice Boltzmann Flow Solver
Authors: Guzel Goktan , Koc Ilteris 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn this study, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is implemented through a finite-volume approach to perform 2-D, incompressible, and turbulent fluid flow analyses on structured grids. Even though the approach followed in this study necessitates more computational effort compared to the standard LBM (the so called stream and collide scheme), using the finite-volume method, the known limitations of the stream and collide scheme on lattice to be uniform and Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) number to be one are removed. Moreover, the curved boundaries in the computational domain are handled more accurately with less effort. These improvements pave the way for the possibility of solving fluid flow problems with the LBM using coarser grids that are refined only where it is necessary and the boundary layers might be resolved better.
A Finite-Volume Method for Nonlinear Nonlocal Equations with a Gradient Flow Structure
Authors: Carrillo José A. , Chertock Alina , Huang Yanghong 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe propose a positivity preserving entropy decreasing finite volume scheme for nonlinear nonlocal equations with a gradient flow structure. These properties allow for accurate computations of stationary states and long-time asymptotics demonstrated by suitably chosen test cases in which these features of the scheme are essential. The proposed scheme is able to cope with non-smooth stationary states, different time scales including metastability, as well as concentrations and self-similar behavior induced by singular nonlocal kernels. We use the scheme to explore properties of these equations beyond their present theoretical knowledge.
A Differential Algebraic Method for the Solution of the Poisson Equation for Charged Particle Beams
Authors: Erdelyi B. , Nissen E. , Manikonda S. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe design optimization and analysis of charged particle beam systems employing intense beams requires a robust and accurate Poisson solver. This paper presents a new type of Poisson solver which allows the effects of space charge to be elegantly included into the system dynamics. This is done by casting the charge distribution function into a series of basis functions, which are then integrated with an appropriate Green's function to find a Taylor series of the potential at a given point within the desired distribution region. In order to avoid singularities, a Duffy transformation is applied, which allows singularity-free integration and maximized convergence region when performed with the help of Differential Algebraic methods. The method is shown to perform well on the examples studied. Practical implementation choices and some of their limitations are also explored.
Relationship of Dental Caries with Fluoride Concentration in Unstimulated whole Saliva of 7 to 15-year-old Nonfluoride Users
Authors: Sharma Suresh , Talwar Manjit , Tewari Amrit , Chawla Harpinder Singh 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective
The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between dental caries and fluoride concentration in unstimulated whole saliva of non-fluoride users.

Study design
Ninety subjects, aged 7 to 15 years who were non-fluoride users, participated in the study. Dental caries was recorded using modified Moller's index. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected early in the morning. Fluoride concentration in saliva was estimated using combination ion specific fluoride electrode (Orion). Water fluoride of the area ranged from 0.34 to 0.38 ppm.

Results
Salivary fluoride concentration (mean ± SE) in saliva (n = 90) was 0.03 ± 0.03 ppm with a range of 0.01 to 0.24 ppm. The DMFT ± SE was 3.26 ± 0.27 and DMFS 4.30 ± 0.42. Correlation of fluoride concentration in saliva was inverse and significant with DMFT (p < 0.01) and DMFS (p < 0.01) using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

Conclusion
Fluoride concentration in saliva could be an indication of the individual's caries risk and help isolating high risk individuals requiring special chairside preventive strategies.

How to cite this article
Talwar M, Tewari A, Chawla HS, Sachdev V, Sharma S. Relationship of Dental Caries with Fluoride Concentration in Unstimulated whole Saliva of 7 to 15-year-old Nonfluoride Users. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2): 59-62.
Medications in Thai Patients with Oral Lichen Planus, Oral Lichenoid Drug Reaction and Glossitis
Authors: Nalamliang Napat , Tangnantachai Nichruethai , Thongprasom Kobkan 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionMedications have been widely used in the dental patients for the treatment of their systemic diseases. In fact, those drugs have some side-effects to many organs and also the oral cavity. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between medications and oral lichen planus (OLP), oral lichenoid drug reaction (OLDR) and glossitis (GT) in Thai patients.Materials and methodsOne hundred and thirty-eight cases of Thai patients were included in this study. Medical records of all cases with oral lesions and symptoms referred to the oral medicine clinic during 2007 to 2010 were extracted. Oral lichen planus group consisted of 88 cases, GT 26 cases and OLDR 24 cases. All data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 11.5.ResultsIn our study, 75.5% of patients used more than one medication while single drug used was 24.5%. Antihypertensive drugs were the most commonly used in all groups. Antihypertensive and hypolipidemic drugs were equally taken 22.4% in OLP patients. Patients with OLDR taking antihypertensive in 54.2% followed by hypolipidemic (37.5%), NSAIDs (25%), hypoglycemic/antiplatelet (16.7%) each and others 25%. Patients in GT group were also used antihypertensive drugs 35%, NSAIDs 25%, hypolipidemic 20% respectively.ConclusionMost of patients with oral lesions took more than one medication. Antihypertensive drugs were the most commonly used in Thai patients with oral lesions.How to cite this articleNalamliang N, Tangnantachai N, Thongprasom K. Medications in Thai Patients with Oral Lichen Planus, Oral Lichenoid Drug Reaction and Glossitis. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2):73-76.
Bilateral Symmetrical Mucocele of the Lower Lip: Report of a Rare Clinical Presentation
Authors: Mortazavi Hamed , Khalighi Hamid Reza , Baharvand Maryam , Eshghpour Majid 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
Oral mucocele (OM) is a common benign lesion in the oral cavity. We aimed to present an unusual clinical feature of OM.

Materials and methods
We report an 8-year-old girl presented with symmetrical bilateral masses on her lower lip with a known history of lip biting during school hours. After surgical removal of the lesions, histopathologic evaluation showed dilatation of minor salivary gland ducts because of mucus retention, and diagnosis of mucocele was established.

Results
According to our data, presence of bilateral mucocele was reported once before, which was an asymmetrical occurrence of lower lip mucocele causing malocclusion in a 3-year-old child.

Conclusion
Although rare, oral mucocele may present as bilateral symmetrical lesions.

How to cite this article
Mortazavi H, Khalighi HR, Baharvand M, Eshghpour M. Bilateral Symmetrical Mucocele of the Lower Lip: Report of a Rare Clinical Presentation. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2):92-94.
Nonsurgical Retreatment of Lower Incisor with Apical Lesion
Authors: Dagna Alberto 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
Orthograde retreatment is the first choice to manage an endodontic failure, because surgical approach not always eliminates from the root canal all those microorganisms that caused the failure. Endodontic surgery is commonly performed, when the root canal space is no longer accessible as a result of the presence coronal obstacles. But this case report demonstrates that the attempt to removal of prosthetic crown and post allows to create the right access and then to perform an adequate shaping, cleansing and sealing of the root canal system, even if the chronic periapical pathology induced an initial apical resorption. When the apical diameter is increased, perfect obturation with gutta-percha is not possible, and the apical sealing can be managed with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Follow-up intraoral periapical radiograph at 20 months shows adequate repair of the periapical rarefaction.

How to cite this article
Dagna A, Saini R. Nonsurgical Retreatment of Lower Incisor with Apical Lesion. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2):98-102.
Performance-Based Testing in Mild Stroke: Identification of Unmet Opportunity for Occupational Therapy
Authors: Morrison M. Tracy , Edwards Dorothy F. , Giles Gordon Muir 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Age at first stroke is decreasing, and most strokes are mild to moderate in severity. Executive function (EF) deficits are increasingly recognized in the stroke population, but occupational therapists have not altered their evaluation methods to fully accommodate changing patient needs. We present a hierarchical performance-based testing (PBT) pathway using data to illustrate how PBT could identify patients with mild stroke-related EF deficits in need of occupational therapy intervention. Data suggest that a substantial number of patients with EF deficits after mild stroke could benefit from occupational therapy services.
Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Occupational Performance of People With Motor Impairments After Stroke: An Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Nilsen Dawn M. , Gillen Glen , Geller Daniel , Hreha Kimberly , Osei Ellen , Saleem Ghazala T. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We conducted a review to determine the effectiveness of interventions to improve occupational performance in people with motor impairments after stroke as part of the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Project. One hundred forty-nine studies met inclusion criteria. Findings related to key outcomes from select interventions are presented. Results suggest that a variety of effective interventions are available to improve occupational performance after stroke. Evidence suggests that repetitive task practice, constraint-induced or modified constraint-induced movement therapy, strengthening and exercise, mental practice, virtual reality, mirror therapy, and action observation can improve upper-extremity function, balance and mobility, and/or activity and participation. Commonalities among several of the effective interventions include the use of goal-directed, individualized tasks that promote frequent repetitions of task-related or task-specific movements.
Effectiveness of Interventions for Adults With Psychological or Emotional Impairment After Stroke: An Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Hildebrand Mary W. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This evidence-based review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions to prevent or mitigate the effects of psychological or emotional impairments after stroke. Thirty-nine journal articles met the inclusion criteria. Six types of interventions were identified that addressed depression, anxiety, or mental health–related quality of life: exercise or movement based, behavioral therapy and stroke education, behavioral therapy only, stroke education only, care support and coordination, and community-based interventions that included occupational therapy. Evidence from well-conducted research supports using problem-solving or motivational interviewing behavioral techniques to address depression. The evidence is inconclusive for using multicomponent exercise programs to combat depression after stroke and for the use of stroke education and care support and coordination interventions to address poststroke anxiety. One study provided support for an intensive multidisciplinary home program in improving depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life. The implications of the findings for practice, research, and education are discussed.
Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Occupational Performance of People With Cognitive Impairments After Stroke: An Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Gillen Glen , Nilsen Dawn M. , Attridge Jessica , Banakos Erasmia , Morgan Marie , Winterbottom Lauren , York Wesley 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This evidence-based review was conducted to determine which interventions are effective in improving occupational performance after stroke. Forty-six articles met the inclusion criteria and were examined. Interventions for the following impairments were reviewed: general cognitive deficits, executive dysfunction, apraxia, memory loss, attention deficits, visual field deficits (included because of their close relationship with neglect), and unilateral neglect. Evidence is available from a variety of clinical trials to guide interventions regarding general cognition, apraxia, and neglect. The evidence regarding interventions for executive dysfunction and memory loss is limited. There is insufficient evidence regarding impairments of attention and mixed evidence regarding interventions for visual field deficits. The effective interventions have some commonalities, including being performance focused, involving strategy training, and using a compensatory as opposed to a remediation approach. The implications of the findings for practice, research, and education are discussed.