bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia on Serum Carboxy-Terminal Hydrolase L1 and Amplitude EEG Changes in Hypoxic-Ischemic Neonates
Authors: Oshaiba Zeinab Farag , El Wakeel Ibrahim Asmaa Abd , Abdel Kader Mohamed Salah EldinMohamed , Ibrahim Reyad Noha Reyad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypoxia-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the most important complications of the newborn period. It is the result of depriving nerve tissue of oxygen and glucose, which may be the result of either hypoxia or ischemia.

Objective
To assess effect of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on EEG changes and Carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1level in neonatal HIE at Al-Zahraa university and El Haram hospitals.

Patients and Methods
This was a prospective comparative study that was conducted at the NICU unit Al ZahraaUniversity and El Haram hospitals for a period from (May 2020 till June 2022). This study included 50 full term newborns (37 to 40 weeks of gestational age) with clinical and laboratory evidence of HIE II–III, They were divided into two groups: Group 1: 25 HIE neonates who were treated with therapeutic hypothermia and group 2: 25 HIE neonates who weren’t received therapeutic hypothermia. Newborns with congenital anomalies, intracranial lesion, epileptic seizure, spinal cord injury or cardiac arrest were excluded from the study. We record EEG changes during 72 hrs by an electroencephalogram with a bioelectric amplifier (Deltamed, Bourgogne), (Philips) Screen. Blood samples were analyzed for UCH-L1 levels by (SEG945Mi). The neonates involved in cooling group were placed over a cooling blanket (Blanketrol III), for 72 hours.

Results
The results showed there was statistically significant relation between high UCH-L1 level and higher grades of the Sarnat score and primitive reflexes of both the cooling group and non cooling group. The results also showed that there were lower levels of UCH-L1 in cooling group compared to non cooling group of the studied neonates Also there was significant negative correlation found between UCH-L1 level and PH, and HCO3 values. This study showed that there was statistically significant relation found between UCH-L1 level and EEG recording on the 3rd day of both the studied groups. This study showed that (84%) of the non cooling group had EEG abnormalities compared to (68%) of the cooling group. Among both groups of the studied neonates, 76% had EEG abnormalities in form of (34%) had suppression EEG, (16%) were occipito-temporal, (20%) fronto-temporal and (6%) centro-parital. Regarding the site of EEG abnormality (18%) were right sided, (24%) were left sided. The study showed that 72% of cooling group were discharged compared to 48% of non cooling group.

Conclusion
From our study we concluded significant improvement in EEG records in ischemic neonates who were treated with therapeutic hypothermia. UCH- L1 is a good early neuronal injury biomarker for detecting severity of HIE P value &lt; 0.001 and is a good predictor of hypoxia with specificity 92% and ppv 86.7% and NPV 65.7%. Therapeutic hypothermia has been noted to reduce severe disability among survivors.
Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule 1 and Urinary Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 as Novelbiomarkers for Early Detection of Sickle Cell Nephropathy
Authors: Elalfy Mohsen Saleh , Moneam Adly Amira Abdel , Aly NihalHussien , Ali Mansour Mahmoud Yasin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common genetic disorders, it not onlyhas hematological pathophysiological consequences, but also has systemic pathologicalmanifestations such as Sickle cell nephopathy(SN). There are no randomized control trials thatexamined the utility of screening test for renal disease in individuals with SCD.

Aim of the Work
To evaluate urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and urinarykidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) as biomarkers for early detection of sickle cell nephropathy and correlate them with proteinuria and decline in estimate glomerular filtration rate ( eGFR).

Patient and Methods
This study was a cross sectional study, conducted at Pediatrics Hematology-Oncology Unit at Ain Shams University Children’s Hospital, where 45 children with sickle cell disease were enrolled aged 6 months - 16 years. Urine samples were collected to measure MCP-1and KIM-1 levels and compared to age and sex matched control.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference found between control group and patients’group regarding the level of MCP-1 in urine as it was found higher in patients than control group with median(IQR) values of 600 pg/ml (300–780) vs. 47.5 pg/ml (30–80, p &lt; 0.001). Regarding the level of KIIM-1 in urine, it was found higher in patients than control group with median (IQR)values of 2.8 ng/ml (1.6–5.6) vs. 0.4 ng/ml (0.4–0.55, p&lt;0.001) respectively.

Conclusion
Our data shows a distinct biomarker pattern in children with SCD, identifying KIM-1and MCP-1 as two potential biomarkers of early SN and its progression.
Diagnostic Outcome of Rome IV Criteria in Infant Regurgitation
Authors: El Deeb Marwa Talaat , Mohsen Yosra Mohamed , Soliman Emara Nehal Elsayed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Infant regurgitation is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) occurring in the first year of life. In 2016 Rome IV criteria was launched with criteria for diagnosis of infantile FGIDs including regurgitation.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to follow up cases of infant regurgitation diagnosed by applying Rome IV criteria among neonates and toddlers and reevaluate them to uncover any organic causes among them.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted at the general outpatients’clinic, Children’s Hospital, Ain-Shams University included 280 cases fulfillingRome IV criteria with 3 months for recruitment of patients followed by 3 months follow of each case. Full history and clinical examination were performed with special focus on anthropometric measurements.

Results
from 280 cases 42.9% totally cured (stopped regurgitation), 49.6% partially improved (decreased number of regurgitation episodes per day) and 7.5% didn’t improve (still have the same number of regurgitations per day) with proper weight gain. However, only 3 cases showed failure to thrive which is not related to regurgitation.

Conclusion
None of our cases diagnosed as infant regurgitation by Rome IVcriteria developed any organic diseases during period of follow up indicating the accuracy of Rome IV criteria in excluding organic diseases.
Evaluation of Child Oral Health Related Quality of Life in Bleeding Disorders
Authors: Elsayed Ebeid Fatma Soliman , Khalil El Sherif Nayera Hazaa , Wassel Mariem Osama , Abd El Kader Salwa Mostafa , Abd El Maged Fatma Rezk Refaey 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Oral bleeding is a common symptom for many inherited and acquired bleeding disorders in children. Understanding oral health and treatment needs of patients with bleeding disorders is necessary for patients' primary oral health prevention.

Aim of the Work
To evaluate the oral health problems in children with bleeding disorders both clinically and with child oral health related quality of life questionnaire score. To assess the effect of intervention (education and any necessary dental procedure) on the child oral health related quality of life questionnaire score.

Patients and Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 patients aged from (2-18 years), males represent n = 47 (67.1%), females n = 23 (32.9%). Inherited bleeding disorders represent n = 37 (52.9%) and acquired bleeding disorders represent n = 33 (47.1%). ITP n = 33 (47.1%), hemophilia A n = 27 (38.6%), Von Willebrand’s disease n = 7 (10%) and Glanzmann n = 3 (4.3%) and all subjected to full history taking, examination, dental health estimation, oral health education, dental management and replacement therapy as needed at baseline and after 6 months of follow up from October 2021 to April 2022. ITP bleeding score (ISTH SSC bleeding assessment tool) used to assess severity of ITP patients. Child oral health related quality of life and child oral health impact profile questionnaires were filled by patients/parents at base line and after 6 months follow up.

Results
The current study revealed that (57.1%) of patients have dental caries. Regarding oral hygiene status, (10%) of patients have poor oral hygiene. Regarding gingival health, (50%) of patients have moderate gingivitis and (11.4%) have severe gingivitis. Oral symptomatology, Psychological domain for child, Psychological domain for family, Social domain for child and Total oral health score were significantly affected more with long duration of disease (p-value =0.0005, 0.0015, 0.010, 0.022 and 0.0045 respectively). There was statistically significant improvement in oral health related quality of life questionnaire score after 6 months of follow up with total oral health score (p-value = 0.000).

Conclusion
Oral health was significantly affected among patients with acquired and inherited bleeding disorders. Oral health education and management had significant impact on oral health related quality of life scores after 6 months of follow up.
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Presenting with Diabetic Ketoacidosis during COVID-19 Era
Authors: Matter Randa M , Salah Nouran Y , Ismail Eman A , Ahmed Khaled S , Abdrabo Shimaa S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aim
Cerebrovascular insult (CVI) is a known and significant morbidity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); yet, its prevalence is underestimated. Untreated cerebral hypoperfusion in DKA may lead to cerebral injury, arterial ischemic stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, and hemorrhagic stroke. This study assesses the cerebral perfusion status among children and adolescents with DKA during and after the resolution of DKA.

Methodology
Forty children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) presenting with DKA were assessed for severity of DKA, diabetes-duration, insulin therapy, Rappaport coma/ Near coma scale, Rancho los amigos levels of cognitive functioning scale, glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c), D-dimer, INR and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during DKA and repeated neuro cognitive scoring, laboratory and MRI after resolution of the DKA.

Results
The mean age of the children and adolescents with T1DM presenting with DKA was 11.40 ± 2.82 years; their median diabetes-duration was 3 year; their mean HbA1c was 13.54 ± 2%. There was significant increase in platelet (P = 0.005), D-dimer (P &lt; 0.001), Creatinine (P &lt; 0.001) and Pulse wave velocity (P = 0.004) during attack of DKA while there was significance decrease in Apparent diffusion coefficient (P &lt; 0.001). There was 30% of children and adolescents with T1DM had ischemic MRI changes during DKA. In children and adolescent with ischemic changes there was significant increase in severity of DKA (P = 0.003), HbA1c (P = 0.016), INR (P = 0.002), D-dimer (P &lt; 0.001), Creatinine (P = 0.003).

Conclusion
Significant cerebral hypoperfusion occur during the DKA which is correlated with the DKA severity and D-dimer levels.
Arabic Translation of The Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities CPCHILD Scale
Authors: Mostafa Mohamed Duaa Mohamed , Ahmed Hassanein Sahar Mohamed , Eldin Amin Ghada Essam , Abdelaziz Asmaa Wafeeq , El-Gharbawy Nermin Hassan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Children with cerebral palsy have difficulties in daily life activities (feeding, toilet training, dressing), communication, and mobility. The children’s independence and quality of life decrease when their performance in activities of daily living is reduced. Evaluation of motor function for affected children with cerebral palsy (CP), individual needs and goals of these patients and their parents is still lacking and needs to be further addressed. The CPCHILD is a multidimensional patient centered assessment tool.

Aim of the Work
Our aim is to translate and provide an Arabic version of the CPCHILD for assessing the caregivers’ perceptions of the health status, comfort, wellbeing, functional abilities, and quality of life for their children with cerebral palsy.

Patient and Methods
This study was a cross sectional study, conducted at Pediatric Neurology Clinic at Children’s Hospital, and Physical Medicine Outpatient Clinic at Ain Shams University Hospitals. The CPCHILD was translated from English to Arabic with the agreement of the scale's owner. The Arabic version was provided through translation and back translation process, which was then presented to the caregivers of CP children for evaluation of the perspectives and quality of life for their children.

Results
An Arabic version of the CPCHILD scale was created. The enrolled caregivers for children with CP were the biological mothers. The mothers of the CP children were able to understand and respond to the translated scale and reported poor mean total CPCHILD score 26.45 (0-58.3).

Conclusion
The Arabic version of the scale was provided through translation and back translation process and the version was prepared for subsequent validation tests. The translated version will help in applying the scale in the caregivers' language in a culture proper setting and can be helpful in the assessment of health-related quality of life of children with CP.
The Role of Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 (YKL-40) as a Marker of Disease Activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients
Authors: Abd ElBar Nadia Salah Kamel , Elwy Mohamed Ali , El-Leithy Sally Abdel-Samie , Hassanien Khaliel Radwa Raafat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Ankylosing spondylitis is a prototype of spondyloarthritides that primarily affects the axial skeleton. Sacroiliitis is the hallmark and accompanied by inflammation of the entheses and formation of syndesmophytes, leading to spinal ankylosis in later stages. Prevalence estimates vary between 0.1% and 2% in different populations.The most utilized peripheral blood biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis activity in clinical practice and clinical trials are ESR and CRP. However, they have low sensitivity and specificity.

Objective
To detect the role of YKL-40 as an objective Marker of disease activity in ankylosing Spondylitis Patients.

Patient and Methods
This study was a case control study, included fifteen ankylosing spondylitis patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic and inpatient department of Physical Medicine, Rheumatoloy and Rehabilitation of Ain Shams university hospitals and fifteen adult healthy volunteers as a control group. Approval of the Ain shams university research and ethical committee was obtained.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between patient and control group as regard age and sex. YKL-40 showed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. large scale studies with follow up of patients in response to drug treatment are needed to be done to assess its uses as a disease activity marker. large scale prospective studies are needed with the assessment of comorbidities and their time of development in correlation to YKL-40 as it has an excellent potential for prediction of these comorbidities.

Conclusion
YKL-40 marker is a good predictor for ankylosing spondylitis disease.
Metformin Protects Non Diabetic rats from LPS-Induced Cognitive and Locomotor dysfunctions and Role of vitamin B12 Supplementation
Authors: Hamed Gehane Mahmoud , Saad Dalia Abdelsalam , Mohammed Nancy Yahia , Elsayed Mohamed H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive deterioration of cognitive functions and its initial symptoms are easily mistaken for stress or ageing. The current study was conducted to throw light on the effect of metformin, solely and in combination with vitamin B12, on LPS –induced AD like neurodegeneration and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in non diabetic rats.

Methods
35 adult albino male rats, were randomly allocated into the following groups: Group I: Control rat group (C), Group II: LPS- induced Alzheimer group (LPS), Group III: LPS-induced Alzheimer’s disease group supplemented with metformin: (LPS-Metformin), Group IV: LPS- induced Alzheimer’s disease group supplemented with metformin & Vitamin B12: (LPS- Metformin & vit B12). Behavioral assessment tests were done. At the end of the study, serum glucose, insulin, and plasma vit B12, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were assessed. Histopathological examination of the brain tissue was also performed.

Results
The results of behavioral tests revealed that the time consumed by the animal for reaching the platform at the water maze test was significantly prolonged, while the time stability values by the animal at low and high velocities at rotarod test were significantly decreased in the LPS group compared to the control group. The biochemical results revealed that serum glucose and insulin, as well as HOMA-IR values, were significantly increased while plasma vit B12 was significantly decreased in the LPS group compared to the control group. Upon treatment with metformin solely or in combination with vitamin B12, these changes were improved. These results were further confirmed by histopathological examinations.

Conclusion
Metformin had a prophylactic effect on LPS induced neurodegenerative disease like dementia as it enhanced cognitive function, however it did not change locomotor and balance performance. This was explained, partially by its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects.
Metabolic Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation in High Fat Diet Fed Rats: Possible Role of GLP-1 and Serotonin
Authors: EL Kafoury Bataa Mohamed , Ebrahim Asmaa Tarek , Abd-El Hamid Ali Manal Said , Mehanna Nayra Shaker , Ibrahim Ramadan Gamil El-Sayed , Morsy Wessam Ezzat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
High fat diet (HFD) predisposes to many metabolic changes; it may disrupt gut barrier integrity and gut microbiota composition. Synbiotic supplementation may promote host’s metabolic health by selective activation of the healthy microorganisms. This study aimed to probe the interaction between synbiotic supplementation, gut microbiota and GUT hormones in HFD states. Twenty-seven adult male albino rats, 3 groups, group I: control, group II: HFD received HFD for 12 weeks and group III: synbiotic-supplemented HFD received synbiotic in the last 6 weeks. The anthropometric measurments were measured. Liver transaminases, lipid profile, parameters of insulin resistance, serum serotonin, glucagon like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1), oxidant/antioxidant markers (MDA/GPx), zonulin levels and quantitative cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were 3 assessed. Samples of liver and colon were employed for histopathological studies. Compared to HFD group, synbiotic led to a significant reduction in anthropometric measurements, liver enzymes, atherogenic index, HOMA-IR and MDA denoting improved dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and oxidative state. Moreover, synbiotic supplementation decreased serum zonulin and increased both serum serotonin, GLP-1 and cecal SCFAs. Synbiotic supplementation ameliorated the metabolic derangements and the disturbed integrity of the intestinal barrier induced by HFD through reducing serum GLP-1, serotonin and cecal SCFAs.
Protective Effects of Stem Cells and Vitamin D3 Against Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Hamed Gehane M , Abou-Bakr Doaa Ahmed , Hassan Ali Radwa , El Masry Maryam Mosad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Liver transplantation is one of the most efficient life-saving treatments for various end-stage hepatic diseases. However, hepatic ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a major problem in liver surgeries morbidities and mortalities. Stem cells (SCs) have been recently received increasing attention for cell-based therapy, especially in regenerative medicine, including liver diseases.

Aim
to investigate the effect of vitamin D and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM- MSCs) solely or combined on hepatic IR injury.

Methods
Sixty adult male Wister rats were allocated into 5 groups; Sham, IR: underwent hepatic IR, vit. D-IR: received vit. D in a dose of 500 IU/Kg/day, by gavage, 5 days/week for 2 weeks, then subjected to hepatic IR, Stem cell-IR: received single IV injection of 1 × 106 BM-MSCs prior to hepatic IR and Combined-IR: received both vit. D and BM-MSCs prior to hepatic IR. All rats were subjected to estimation of Liver index (LI), assessment of serum levels of alanine, aspartate transaminases (ALT, AST) and vitamin D, hepatic tissue levels of Malondialdehyde (H.MDA), Superoxide dismutase (H.SOD), Interleukin-2, 10 (H.IL-2, H.IL-10), Caspase-3 (H.Casp-3), H.LC3B and hepatocyte growth factor (H.HGF), as well as histopathological liver examination and scoring.

Results
Hepatic IR resulted in significant elevation of ALT, AST and H.MDA, H.IL-2, H. Casp- 3 as well as significant reduction in LI, vit. D, H.SOD, H.IL-10, H.LC3B and H.HGF with evident hepatic sinusoidal congestion, cytoplasmic vacuolation and cellular necrosis. Treatment either solely or in combination mitigate these changes with the combined treatment showed the best results compared to the individual use.

Conclusion
In vivo coadministration of vitamin D and BM-MSCs prior to hepatic IR attenuated hepatocellular damage through preventing oxidative stress and inflammatory response, augmenting autophagic, regenerative capacity and anti-apoptotic effect.
Abdominoplasty Combined with the Anterior Component Separation Technique for Reconstruction of Midline Large Ventral Hernias: Functional and Aesthetic Outcome Clinical Study
Authors: Akila Abdulaziz A , Affifi Salah Nasser M , Amr Adel Hussein , Desawy Bakry Sameh Adel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Large midline ventral hernias, diastasis of recti and the associated laxity and abdominal shape deformity, represent aesthetic and functional problems for the patients. So, the surgical treatment of both pathologies at the same time is highly recommended if the patient’s general condition permits. This can be achieved by a comprehensive technique incorporating abdominoplasty performed by a transverse lower abdominal incision into any of the hernia repair techniques.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional and aesthetic outcome of the combined abdominoplasty and anterior component separation technique in the management of midline ventral abdominal hernias.

Patients and Methods
This study is a prospective case control study that evaluates both functional and aesthetic outcome of performing abdominoplasty on patients with large midline ventral hernias. This study was conducted between December 2020 to March 2022 at the Plastic Surgery Department, Demerdash University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Study consisted of fifteen patients with different presentations of abdominal wall laxity and ventral hernias. Patients were evaluated regarding their age, BMI, degree of rectus diastasis, Pre-operative radiological findings, post Operative complication and hernia reoccurrence, patients’ satisfaction, and the pre-operative and post-operative umbilical measurements were compared.

Results and Conclusion
The current study showed that Abdomioplasty can be combined with complex hernia repair by anterior component separation technique within the same setting in high-risk patients safely with an excellent functional outcome and acceptable satisfactory aesthetic results. Although, this can be associated with an increased risk of postoperative surgical site complications such as; skin necrosis and wound infection. Patient characteristics associated with the development of complications following anterior component separation combined with abdominoplasty include obesity, previous abdominal procedures and previous pregnancies.