bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond Tradition: Investigating TruScreen's Performance Versus Pap Smear in Cervical Cancer Detection
Authors: Alhudhud Majed , Maqsood Shazia , Hussein Maab El , Shaheen Rifat , Sarhan Hiba , Aslam Sadia , Khalidi Hisham Al , Butt Amina , Bishtawi Mazen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to determine whether the real-time optoelectronic device (TruScreen™; TS) could be used as an alternative or adjunct to Pap Smear (Liquid Based Cytology (LBC)) for cervical cancer screening.
Method: We conducted a prospective observational study that recruited women who were routinely followed at the gynaecology clinics during the data collection period. All eligible women opportunistically underwent TS and LBC examinations after study enrolment. Women with abnormal findings were referred for colposcopy and cervical biopsy within one month of the abnormal screening results.
Results:Overall, 507 women fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in this study, of which 30 women (5.9%) had abnormal TS findings and underwent colposcopy. Thirteen women (43.3%) had low-grade lesions, and only one (3.3%) had a high-grade lesion. Regarding biopsy findings, three women had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, two women had CIN II+, and one had glandular hyperplasia. The TS yielded a sensitivity of 83.3% (95% CI: 35.9-99.6%) and a specificity of 95% (95% CI: 92.7- 96.8%) for the detection of pathologically diagnosed cervical neoplasms, compared to 66.7% (95% CI: 22.3-95.7%) and 98.2% (95%: CI 96.6%-99.2%) of the Pap smear, respectively. The difference between both screening tools was not statistically significant (p=0.91). The sensitivity (100%, 95% CI 15.6–100%) and specificity (95.6%, 95% CI 93.4-97.2%) of TS and Pap smear for CIN II+ lesions were notably high.
Conclusion: TS represents a reliable and practical screening tool for cervical neoplasms without the need for cervical samples, laboratory equipment, or trained staff. Our study showed that the tool provided real-time and accurate screening results, making it suitable for screening women at risk of cervical cancer.
Differential interaction studies to decipher biochemical and morphological defense mechanisms in Rhizoctonia solani-rice interaction
Authors: Mishra Mansi , Siddabasappa Chethana Bangi , Krishnareddy Prasannakumar Muthakapalli , Akkin Nidhi , Mariyappa Yatish Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Host pathogen interaction in Rhizoctonia solani-rice system remain a critical area of study, yet significant gaps in our understanding persist. In the current study, inoculation of a well characterized virulent isolate of Rhizoctonia solani on diverse rice varieties (Jyoti, Zenith, Tetep, Swarna, KMP220, MTU1010 and BR2655) showed differential disease reaction under glasshouse condition. Tetep recorded least lesion height (17.41%) followed by Zenith (27.81%) while the highest susceptibility was found in Jyoti (68.30%) followed by Swarna (45.89%). Similar results were observed in detached leaf assay with a significant difference in the lesion area and sclerotial development on the rice varieties with maximum in Jyoti (3.53 cm2) and minimum in Tetep (0.59 cm2) at 5 days post inoculation (dpi). Further study under scanning electron micrography on resistant variety Tetep and susceptible variety Jyoti has showed more vigorous and intimate growth along with lobate appressoria formation on sheath surface of Jyoti in comparison to Tetep. An abundant cuticular wax deposition, linearly arranged papillae and stomatal closing was also noticed on the surface of Tetep, acting as barrier to pathogen’s establishment. Additionally, biochemical profiling revealed a higher induction of defense related enzymes viz., polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and phenyl alanine ammonia lyase in resistant varieties in comparison of susceptible one. This study conclusively highlights that Rhizoctonia solani can effectively distinguish between susceptible and resistant host varieties, showing a marked preference for those more vulnerable to infection.
Isochronic substitution relationships between physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep patterns in young children -- an objective assessment based on accelerometers and sleep recorders
Authors: Hu Xuewen , Zhao Guanggao , Fu Jinmei , Sun Shunli , Jiang Tianle , Li Yunong , Shen Fanchao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Based on objective measurement tools such as accelerometers and sleep recorders, to explore the relationship between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sleep patterns of young children, and to summarize effective strategies for optimizing the sleep patterns of different types of preschoolers, in order to provide scientific basis for promoting the health of preschool children's sleep
Methods
A total of 120 children from 3 kindergartens were recruited. Physical activity was measured with the help of a triaxial accelerometer, ActiGraph GT3X-BT; a portable multichannel sleep recorder, Motionloggers, was used to objectively measure the sleep pattern variables of the children. An isochronous substitution model was used to characterize changes in sleep patterns after substitution of moderate to high intensity physical activity, low intensity physical activity and sedentary behavior.
Results
The results of the univariate modeling found no significant associations between moderate-high-intensity physical activity, low-intensity physical activity, and sedentary behavior with any of the sleep pattern indicators in young children (p > 0.05). Distribution model showed that low-intensity physical activity had a significant positive effect on sleep efficiency (p < 0.05) and a significant negative effect on sleep fragmentation index (p < 0.05). The results of isochronal substitution model showed that sleep efficiency increased significantly (p < 0.05), wake after sleep onset and sleep fragmentation index decreased significantly (p < 0.05) when moderate-high-intensity physical activity and sedentary behavior were replaced by low-intensity physical activity for 10 minutes isochronally, and the sleep efficiency increased or decreased continuously with the increase of replacement time.
Conclusions
Increasing the relative proportion of low-intensity physical and decreasing the proportion of sedentary behavior or moderate-high-intensity physical activity is an effective strategy to improve sleep efficiency and reduce night waking time and sleep fragments.
Forecasting the probable range and environmental variables Linked with Indian pangolin habitats in Chakwal District of Pakistan
Authors: Safi Mirza Wajid Ali , Varriano Sophia Ann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The population of Indian pangolin in Chakwal district is under serious threat due to various biological and human induced factors leading to rapid decline. Limited data on their habitat in Pakistan hinders conservation efforts. To address this issue, we conducted a comprehensive study combining a literature review, expert interviews and field surveys. We identified the presence of pangolins at 50 sites through direct observations and features such as burrows and scats along 15 transects and 11 quadrats covering different habitats. Our findings reveal that forested areas, characterized by medium-textured brown soil at altitudes between 400 and 1,300 meters above sea level, host the highest concentration of pangolin burrows. Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt) version 3.4.1 was used to model potential habitat distribution of Indian Pangolin in the study area with more than 100 sightings data from survey and literature. The results of the logistic regression analysis indicated strong correlations between pangolin sightings with distance from waterbodies, termite site presence, topographic diversity, open forest cover and precipitation. It was found that 7.8% (517 sq. km) of Chakwal district has been identified as highly suitable, consisting of fragmented upland forest and grassland and another 26% (1,579 sq. km) as moderately suitable habitat. These findings are essential for understanding the distribution of pangolins in Chakwal district and formulating effective conservation strategies. They provide the basis for local management plans aimed at protecting pangolin natural habitats and ensure their continued protection amid ongoing environmental challenges.
The Mediating Role of Attitude To Physical Activity in the Relationship Between E-Health Literacy and Obesity Awareness
Authors: Mergan Barış , Ateş Fatih , Uğraş Sinan , Sağın Ahmet Enes , Temel Cenk 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The study aims to examine the mediating role of physical activity attitudes in the relationship between university students' e-health literacy levels and obesity awareness.
Methodology: The study was designed with a relational research model, one of the quantitative research methods. A total of 333 university students, 159 males and 174 females, participated in the study. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to examine the relationship between e-health literacy, obesity awareness, and physical activity attitudes. In the study, e-health literacy was employed as the independent variable; obesity awareness was used as the dependent variable, and positive and negative attitudes toward physical activity were used as the mediating variables. The bias-corrected bootstrapping 5000 method was employed to ascertain the significance of the mediating variable, with the lower and upper limit intervals being checked to ensure that no zero values were present.
Results: The mediating effect of positive physical activity attitudes between e-health literacy and obesity awareness was found to be positive and significant (β=0.0112, t=4.259, p=<.001, CI=[0.060-0.163]. The mediating effect of negative attitudes toward physical activity between e-health literacy and obesity awareness was insignificant (β=0.0162, t=0.913, p=0.361, CI=[-0.018-0.049]). A predictive effect of e-health literacy and physical activity attitudes on obesity awareness was identified, with a value of 57%. The study revealed that e-health literacy accounted for 25% of the negative attitudes toward physical activity and 42% of the positive attitudes toward physical activity.
Ethics approval number: Date: 13/02/2024, session no: 03 Decision: 03.14
Conclusion: The study has demonstrated a correlation between e-health literacy and obesity awareness. As e-health literacy levels increase, so too does obesity awareness. On the other side, the current study found a positive and significant relationship between e-health literacy and positive attitudes toward physical activity. It was ultimately determined that positive attitudes toward physical activity had a mediating effect on the relationship between e-health literacy and obesity awareness.
Does delayed implantation affect reproductive outcomes in assisted reproductive technology?
Authors: Tu Jiongjiong , Wangchen Meiyi , Gong Fei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate whether delayed implantation affect reproductive outcomes in assisted reproductive technology (ART).
Methods
This is a single-centre retrospective cohort study. All frozen-thawed cylces were performed between February 2022 to January 2024. Serum hCG levels were sequentially tested on blastocyte transfer day 6, 8, 10 and 12. Patients with initial serum hCG ≥ 5IU/L on transfer day 6 were recorded as the normal implantation and hCG ≥ 5IU/L detected on transfer day 8, 10 and 12 was recorded as the delayed implantation. The reproductive outcomes were compared between groups. The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy rate, secondary outcomes were biochemical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and ectopic pregnancy rate.
Results
For patients with delayed implantation, the biochemical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in contrast to those with normal implantation (52.6% vs. 16.1%, P = 0.000).The early miscarriage rate was comparable between groups (5.3% vs. 9.9%, P = 0.345). The ectopic pregnancy rate was also higher in delayed implantation group ( 3.5% vs. 0.3%, P = 0.006). The ongoing pregnancy rate was significantly lower in delayed implantation group in contrast to normal implantation group (31.6% vs. 73.6%, P = 0.000). After multivariate logistic regression analyses, normal implantation group had increased odds of ongoing pregnancy compared to delayed implantation group (adjusted OR, 6.36; 95% CI, 3.46–11.70, P = 0.000).
Conclusions
The delayed implantation is strongly associated with higher incidence of biochemical pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy as well as decreased ongoing pregnancy rate.
Effective Summarization of ChatGPT User Feedback: Integrating Topic Detection with Markov Chains
Authors: Akraoui Bouchra El , Chakour Imane , Daoui Cherki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the era of ChatGPT, user feedback is essential for understanding this advanced technology and navigating the evolving field of artificial intelligence. To gain insights into the risks, limitations, and areas for improvement, our study focuses on analyzing Twitter interactions. We address the unique challenges posed by Twitters characteristicsbrevity, informality, and rapid temporal changesin understanding and summarizing user-generated content related to ChatGPT. Our research emphasizes interest-based multi-tweet topic detection and summarization, tackling challenges such as brevity, noise, and dynamic content. To address these challenges, we introduce a approach that merges Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) for effective topic detection in 500,036 English tweets from the first three months after ChatGPT’s announcement. Our method is rigorously compared with traditional models such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and BERTopic. The coherence scores, which reflect the quality of the extracted topics, show values of 0.68 for LDA, 0.51 for BERTopic, and an impressive 0.92 for our proposed model, demonstrating a 92.67 % improvement in effectiveness. Our goals extend beyond topic detection to include comprehensive topic summarization using Markov Decision Processes (MDP). When compared to LexRank, TextRank, and TopicRank, our method significantly enhances multi-tweet summarization accuracy, as evidenced by improved ROUGE evaluation metrics. In conclusion, our approach represents a significant advancement in the accuracy of automatic multi-tweet summarization.
CARAT: an innovative tool for quantifying carbon sequestration in agroforestry systems
Authors: Vanneste Thomas , Pardon Paul , Coussement Tom , Baens Eveline , Elsen Annemie , Carton Sarah , Reubens Bert , Verheyen Kris 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Agroforestry is widely recognized as a sustainable land-use practice that integrates production with numerous environmental benefits. Notably, the potential of agroforestry systems to sequester significant amounts of carbon (C) in both above- and belowground pools has put them forward as a promising climate change mitigation strategy. Previous research has estimated C stocks in agroforestry systems, but considerable variation was found depending on site-specific biological, edaphic, climatic and management factors. The CARbon Agroforestry Tool (CARAT) is developed to simulate and visualise the spatiotemporal variation in above- and belowground C stocks of agroforestry systems in temperate Europe with customized tree species selection, field design, land use and edaphic conditions. It allows users to quantify the long-term C sequestration in the tree biomass and in the soil, which could be relevant for a wide range of applications, including optimizing system design or assessment of the potential carbon credits a farmer could receive through agroforestry implementation. We believe that this tool represents an important leap forward in assessing and optimizing the C sequestration potential of specific agroforestry systems, and will allow upfront financial compensation in the context of rapidly emerging carbon farming practices. The tool will be readily available to practitioners, advisors, researchers and policy actors, and currently pioneering with respect to its user-friendliness and versatility.
Hypersensitivity Reactions Induced by Iodinated Contrast Media inRadiological Diagnosis: A Disproportionality Analysis Based on the FAERSDatabase
Authors: Long Jinjin , Ji Yifan , Zhang Yawen , Li Xinghui 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to evaluate the Pharmacovigilance (PV) and severity of hypersensitivity reactions induced by non-ionic Iodinated Contrast Media
(ICM) in the radiology diagnosis reported to the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the reports of ICM-induced hypersensitivity reactions submitted to the FAERS database between January 2015 and
January 2023 and conducted a disproportionality analysis. The seven most common non-ionic ICM, including iohexol, iopamidol, ioversol,
iopromide, iomeprol, iobitridol, and iodixanol, were chiefly analyzed. Our primary endpoint was the PV of non-ionic ICM-induced total
hypersensitivity events. STATA 17.0 MP was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
In total, 35357 reports of adverse reaction events in radiology diagnosis were retrieved from the FAERS database. Among them, 6181 reports were
on hypersensitivity reaction events (mean age: 57.1 ± 17.8 years). The hypersensitivity reaction-related PV signal was detected for iohexol,
ioversol, iopromide, iomeprol, iobitridol, and iodixanol, but not for iopamidol. The proportion of iomeprol-induced hypersensitivity reactions and
the probability of ioversol-induced severe hypersensitivity reactions have been found to be significantly increased.

Conclusion:
The probability and severity of hypersensitivity reaction events in non-ionic ICM are different. Iohexol, ioversol, iopromide, iomeprol, iobitridol,
and iodixanol have higher risks compared to iopamidol. In addition, the constituent ratio of hypersensitivity reactions induced by iomeprol is
significantly increased, and the associated probability induced by ioversol is significantly increased.
Medicinal Value of Mushroom: A Deeper Insight
Authors: Gupta Krishna , Tejaswini Masne , Umekar Milind J. 
Published: July 2024

:
Fungi are widely acknowledged as one of the most diverse and ecologically significant organisms with substantial economic importance on Earth.
Edible and medicinal mushrooms have been recognized by human societies since ancient times, serving not only as valuable sources of
nourishment but also as medicinal agents. The primary objective of this study is to explore the fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms and assess their
capacity to serve as reservoirs of bioactive metabolites with pharmaceutical potential. The extensive analysis conducted aimed to elucidate the
significant potential of these medicinal mushrooms, comparable to that of plants, in producing valuable bioactive compounds, thereby positioning
them as abundant reservoirs for pharmaceutical compounds.

:
Fungi produce many different bioactive compounds of different molecular weights, including lectins, lipids, peptidoglycans, phenols, polyketides,
polysaccharides, proteins, polysaccharide-protein/peptide complexes, ribosomal and non-ribosomal peptides, steroids, terpenoids, and others.
These compounds have more than 130 different therapeutic properties, such as analgesic, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-plaque,
antiviral, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, cholesterol-lowering, blood-sugar-lowering, blood-pressure-lowering, immune system, response system
modulation, immune suppression, cell growth stimulation or regeneration, and more. Several bioactive polysaccharides or polysaccharide-protein
complexes identified in these medicinal mushrooms seem to augment both innate and cell-mediated immune responses. Furthermore, these
compounds display anti-tumor properties in both animal models and humans.
Pola komunikasi interpersonal pelatih dan atlet dalam Olahraga Crossfit di Yogyakarta
Authors: Wijaya Alda Nadila , Laksana Novianto Yudha 
Published: July 2024

AbstrakCrossfit merupakan olahraga yang populer di mancanegara. Sementara di Indonesia, peminatnya hanya tersebar di kota-kota besar, salah satunya di Yogyakarta. Minimnya kompetisi, berdampak pada jumlah prestasi yang dihasilkan oleh atlet olahraga crossfit. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola komunikasi interpersonal pelatih dan atlet dalam olahraga crossfit. Objek dari penelitian ini yaitu pelatih dan atlet crossfit di Bhumi Satoe, Yogyakarta. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Untuk pengumpulan data pada penelitian yaitu wawancara dan observasi, untuk menentukan informan dalam pengambilan data menggunakan purposive sampling. Peneliti menggunakan teknik analisis data yaitu, pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pola komunikasi interpersonal antara pelatih dan atlet crossfit di Bhumi Satoe adalah pola komunikasi sirkular, yaitu bentuk komunikasi dua arah berkelanjutan yang menghasilkan berbagai umpan balik atau feedback seperti dukungan, suportifitas, empati dan kesetaraan. Namun pada poin keterbukaan antara pelatih dan atlet masih belum dilakukan secara optimal.Kata Kunci : Crossfit, Komunikasi Interpersonal, Pola Komunikasi AbstractCrossfit is a popular sport overseas. While in Indonesia, enthusiasts are only spread in big cities, one of which is in Yogyakarta. The lack of competition has an impact on the number of achievements produced by crossfit athletes. Therefore, this study aims to determine how the interpersonal communication of coaches and athletes in crossfit sports. The object of this research is crossfit coaches and athletes at Bhumi Satoe, Yogyakarta. The approach used in this research is to use a qualitative approach. For data collection in the study, namely interviews and observations, to determine informants in data collection using purposive sampling. Researchers used data analysis techniques, namely, data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the interpersonal communication pattern between trainers and crossfit athletes at Bhumi Satoe is a circular communication pattern, which is a form of continuous two-way communication that produces various feedback or feedback such as support, supportiveness, empathy and equality. But at the point of openness between trainers and athletes is still not done optimally.Keywords : Crossfit, Interpersonal Communication, Patterns of Communication