bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New understanding of the main active substances and the promotion mechanism in the degradation of phenol by Fe–C micro-electrolysis systems
Authors: Zou Yulong , Zhao Haiqian , Zhang Xiaolong , Wang Zhonghua , Yang Xue , Zhang Xing 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The mechanism of phenol degradation by micro-electrolytic systems can be fully understood by evaluating the oxidation of active substances from the two aspects of phenol bond-breaking and mineralization, and the direction of promoting the generation of active substances is pointed out. In this article, the effects of H2O2, O2-•, ·OH and 1O2 in the degradation of phenol were analyzed using phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates as judgment indicators, respectively. And the addition of C6O8H6 to the micro-electrolysis system was adopted to promote the generation of active substances. The experimental results showed that the active substances which played a dominant effect in the process of phenol bond-breaking and mineralization were changed. While 1O2 is dominant in the bond-breaking of phenol, •OH is dominant in the mineralization of phenol. After adding C6O8H6 (1 mmol/L), the removal rates of phenol and COD were increased by 7.35 and 4.85%, respectively. This was attributed to the autoxidation reaction of C6O8H6 and the continuous supply of H+ while reducing Fe3+ to Fe2+. Additionally, the C6O8H6 regulated the reaction pathway to improve the utilization of H2O2. This study provides a new perspective for the understanding of active substances in micro-electrolysis systems.
De ontdekking van Doggerland: de wetenschappelijke waarde van strandvondsten
Authors: Peeters Hans 
Published: July 2024

The discovery of Doggerland: the scientific value of beach finds. Coined in 1998 by archaeologist Bryony Coles, ‘Doggerland’ has become a widely recognised name for the prehistoric landscapes, now submerged beneath the North Sea. For more than 100 years, scholars have suspected remains of these landscapes and their inhabitants to have survived, but direct evidence such as bone and stone tools has long been relatively sparse. Today, much more is known about the preservation of prehistoric landforms, as well as the material remains of animals, humans and artefacts. As part of the NWO-funded project ‘Resurfacing Doggerland’, thousands of finds, collected on Dutch beaches and retrieved from fishing nets, are now being studied in detail. The results will provide new insights into the relationship between climate-induced sea-level rise and socio-cultural processes.
Maak een vuist als je geen hand hebt. Inclusiviteit in (pre)historische jeugdromans
Authors: De Roest Karla 
Published: July 2024

The one-handed hero: Inclusiveness in historical fiction for children. Having grown up with a sister in a wheelchair meant that I took this normalcy into the fictional world of the past. So when I crossed paths with Drem in Rosemary Sutcliff’s 1958 novel Warrior Scarlet, he was to me just a boy with one functional arm. It was not until much later that I realised he was one of the very few protagonists in historical fiction with a disability. A lack of inclusiveness is problematic, first, when it comes to readers identifying with the physical condition of the hero(ine) and, second, because, from an archaeological perspective, the proportion of healthy people in historical fiction seems improbably high, while the representation of people with a disability is often stereotyped. Maybe archaeologists should provide authors of historical fiction with a more informed description of the past.
A Voice-Activated Device Exercise and Social Engagement Program for Older Adult–Care Partner Dyads: Pilot Clinical Trial and Focus Group Study Evaluating the Feasibility, Use, and Estimated Functional Impact of EngAGE
Authors: Huisingh-Scheetz Megan , Nicholson III Roscoe F , Shervani Saira , Smith Chelsea , Danilovich Margaret , Finch Laura , Montoya Yadira , Hawkley Louise C 
Published: July 2024

Background
Maintaining exercise is essential for healthy aging but difficult to sustain. EngAGE is a socially motivated exercise program delivered over a voice-activated device that targets older adult–care partner dyads.

Objective
This 10-week pilot study aimed to assess EngAGE feasibility and use, obtain user experience feedback, and estimate potential impact on function.

Methods
In total, 10 older adults aged ≥65 years were recruited from an independent living residence together with their self-identified care partners. EngAGE delivered National Institute on Aging Go4Life exercises to older adults daily, while care partners received progress reports and prompts to send encouraging messages that were read aloud by the device to the older adult. Older adults’ use was tracked, and physical function was assessed at baseline and follow-up. Follow-up focus group data provided qualitative feedback.

Results
On average, participants completed 393.7 individual exercises over the 10-week intervention period or 39.4 exercises/wk (range 48-492, median 431, IQR 384-481, SD 112.4) without injury and used EngAGE on an average of 41 of 70 days or 4.1 d/wk (range 7-66, median 51, IQR 23-56, and SD 21.2 days). Mean grip strength increased nonsignificantly by 1.3 kg (preintervention mean 26.3 kg, SD 11.0; postintervention mean 27.6 kg, SD 11.6; P=.34), and 4 of 10 participants improved by a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 2.5 kg. Further, the time for 5-repeated chair stands significantly reduced by 2.3 seconds (preintervention mean 12, SD 3.6 s; postintervention mean 9.7, SD 2.7 s; P=.02), and 3 of 9 participants improved by an MCID of –2.3 seconds. Furthermore, 3-meter usual walk performance was brisk at baseline (mean 2.1, SD 0.4 s) and decreased by 0.1 seconds (postintervention 2, SD 0.4 s; P=.13), although 5 of 9 participants improved by a MCID of 0.05 m/s. Qualitative results showed perceived benefits, favored program features, and areas for improvement.

Conclusions
We present a pilot study of a new voice-activated device application customized to older adult users that may serve as a guide to other technology development for older adults. Our pilot study served to further refine the application and to inform a larger trial testing EngAGE’s impact on functional outcomes, a necessary step for developing evidence-based technology tools.
Decision Support Tool to Improve Decision-Making for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Development Process and Alpha Testing
Authors: Ajiboye Wale , Yusuf Abban , Pedersen Cheryl , Brown Rebecca , Dzonsons Kristaps , Nelson LaRon 
Published: July 2024

Background
African, Caribbean, and Black (Black) communities in Canada are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective option for the prevention of HIV. However, the use of PrEP for HIV prevention among eligible Black clients in Canada remains far below the thresholds necessary to achieve the goal of zero new HIV infections. In a recent study in Toronto, PrEP-eligible Black clients were found to have decisional conflict and unmet decisional needs, which affected the quality of their decision-making process regarding the initiation and adherence to PrEP. There is evidence that decision support tools (DSTs) can improve the quality of a decision, the quality of the decision-making process, the implementation or continuation of the chosen option, and the appropriate use of health services. Despite these benefits, there is currently no DST for PrEP-eligible Black clients being asked to consider PrEP for HIV prevention.

Objective
Our study aimed to develop a DST to improve PrEP decision-making for Black clients and to evaluate the tool’s acceptability and usability.

Methods
We developed and evaluated the PrEP DST for Black patients using the 7-step process outlined in the Ottawa Decision Support Group Guideline for the development and evaluation of DST. To facilitate the implementation of the Ottawa Decision Support Group guideline, we assembled a multidisciplinary team of primary health care providers, researchers, community members with lived experiences, and digital content designers to serve as the steering committee. First, we assessed patients’ and primary health care providers’ views on decisional support needs, after which we determined the content, design, and distribution plan for the DST. Subsequently, we conducted evidence synthesis, reviews, and appraisal before developing the PrEP DST prototype. The final tool was reviewed by steering committee members for completeness before acceptability and usability testing with potential Black clients and PrEP providers.

Results
The web-based DST yielded 27 pages divided into 6 distinct sections. The six sections include (1) an introduction of the DST, (2) clarify your decision, (3) knowledge, (4) a value clarification exercise, (5) support system, and (6) next steps. Both Black clients and PrEP providers reported ease of task performance, general satisfaction, and usefulness of the tool to support decision-making for Black clients. Feedback on usability centered on the need to add a user guide to increase usability. All feedback was incorporated into the final tool.

Conclusions
A PrEP DST for Black clients developed using a systematic process and a multidisciplinary steering committee was acceptable and usable by both Black clients and PrEP providers. Further study (eg, randomized controlled trials) may be needed to evaluate the efficacy of the PrEP DST.
Identifications of Similarity Metrics for Patients With Cancer: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Manuilova Iryna , Bossenz Jan , Weise Annemarie Bianka , Boehm Dominik , Strantz Cosima , Unberath Philipp , Reimer Niklas , Metzger Patrick , Pauli Thomas , Werle Silke D , Schulze Susann , Hiemer Sonja , Ustjanzew Arsenij , Kestler Hans A , Busch Hauke , Brors Benedikt , Christoph Jan 
Published: July 2024

Background
Understanding the similarities of patients with cancer is essential to advancing personalized medicine, improving patient outcomes, and developing more effective and individualized treatments. It enables researchers to discover important patterns, biomarkers, and treatment strategies that can have a significant impact on cancer research and oncology. In addition, the identification of previously successfully treated patients supports oncologists in making treatment decisions for a new patient who is clinically or molecularly similar to the previous patient.

Objective
The planned review aims to systematically summarize, map, and describe existing evidence to understand how patient similarity is defined and used in cancer research and clinical care.

Methods
To systematically identify relevant studies and to ensure reproducibility and transparency of the review process, a comprehensive literature search will be conducted in several bibliographic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, LIVIVIVO, and MEDLINE, covering the period from 1998 to February 2024. After the initial duplicate deletion phase, a study selection phase will be applied using Rayyan, which consists of 3 distinct steps: title and abstract screening, disagreement resolution, and full-text screening. To ensure the integrity and quality of the selection process, each of these steps is preceded by a pilot testing phase. This methodological process will culminate in the presentation of the final research results in a structured form according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) flowchart. The protocol has been registered in the Journal of Medical Internet Research.

Results
This protocol outlines the methodologies used in conducting the scoping review. A search of the specified electronic databases and after removing duplicates resulted in 1183 unique records. As of March 2024, the review process has moved to the full-text evaluation phase. At this stage, data extraction will be conducted using a pretested chart template.

Conclusions
The scoping review protocol, centered on these main concepts, aims to systematically map the available evidence on patient similarity among patients with cancer. By defining the types of data sources, approaches, and methods used in the field, and aligning these with the research questions, the review will provide a foundation for future research and clinical application in personalized cancer care. This protocol will guide the literature search, data extraction, and synthesis of findings to achieve the review’s objectives.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/58705
Evolução do rendimento do trabalho no Brasil por cor ou raça e por regiões: 2014-2019
Authors: Gonçalves João de Souza 
Published: July 2024

O objetivo principal do trabalho é descrever a evolução do rendimento do trabalho do país por cor ou raça, segundo as regiões brasileiras no período 2014-2019. O artigo é caracterizado como um estudo comparativo da evolução dos rendimentos. Tanto para os ocupados brancos como para os pretos ou pardos e para o período 2014-2019, as regiões Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste foram a que apresentaram os maiores rendimentos médios do país e as regiões Norte e Nordeste, os menores. Durante a crise econômica de 2015-2016, os rendimentos mensais e por hora diminuíram em todas regiões do país. A queda no rendimento foi, proporcionalmente, maior para os pretos ou pardos que para os brancos, afetando mais, portanto, os vulneráveis. Durante a fraca recuperação econômica de 2017-2019, a situação se inverteu, os rendimentos aumentaram em todas regiões, mas, subiram proporcionalmente, mais para os pretos ou pardos que para os brancos. Para o país como um todo, entre 2014 e 2019, os rendimentos diminuíram, demonstrando que o aumento dos rendimentos no período 2017-2019 foi incapaz de repor as perdas geradas no biênio da crise econômica (2015-2016) e as quedas percentuais nos rendimentos dos brancos e pretos ou pardos se igualaram, mantendo o hiato entre ambos extremamente elevado, portanto, não houve redução da desigualdade dos rendimentos por cor ou raça no período. A diferença relativa entre os rendimentos dos homens brancos em relação aos homens pretos ou pardos diminuiu. Por outro lado, aumentou a diferença entre os rendimentos das mulheres brancas em relação às pretas ou pardas. Assim, o período 2014-2019 pode ser caracterizando como um período de estagnação do mercado de trabalho.
A controladoria como unidade administrativa de apoio aos gestores no controle operacional e financeiro de indústrias
Authors: Renan Silva Salustiano Pablo , Antonio Oliveira Araújo Manoel , Moreira Jabur Danilo , Fernando de Oliveira Pires Paulo 
Published: July 2024

O serviço de controladoria e os sistemas de controle interno são ferramentas básicas para a eficácia da gestão empresarial e tendem a contribuir para a continuidade da empresa, geração de recursos, emprego e renda e, consequentemente, para o desenvolvimento social. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar as principais atividades, sistemas de controle interno e artefatos de controladoria empregados por gestores no controle operacional e financeiro de indústrias. Embasam teoricamente este estudo, entre outros, os autores Borinelli (2006), Padoveze (2016), Crepaldi (2017), Martins (2018). O método empregado foi estudo de caso composto, de natureza empírica, do tipo descritivo-exploratório e as unidades de análise, três empreendimentos industriais com atividades produtivas distintas. Serviu de instrumento de coleta de dados entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados receberam tratamento qualitativo. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam que, mesmo não estando consolidada em uma estrutura administrativa específica, a controladoria ajuda na identificação de oportunidades de melhoria, na redução dos custos e maximização dos resultados financeiros.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA BASED ONARTICULATE STORYLINE 3 SOFTWARE ON TEMPERATURE AND HEAT MATERIAL IN SMA NEGERI 14 MEDAN
Authors: Khairina Devi , Rais Abdul 
Published: July 2024

This study aims to produce interactive learning media based on articulate storyline 3 software to test the feasibility of the developed media, determine the response of students to the developed media and test the effectiveness of Interactive Learning media. This type of research is research and development with a development design model 4D (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). The subjects of this study were 40 students of Class XI in SMA Negeri 14 Medan. The research instruments used were observation sheet, interview instrument, student response questionnaire and test instrument. Based on the results of the feasibility test by material experts obtained a percentage of 90% with very decent criteria, assessment by media experts is 86% with very decent criteria and assessment by expert users (teachers) is 90% with very decent criteria. The effectiveness of Interactive Learning Media obtained a value calculated with a gain of 0.43. The results were included in the medium category in improving students ' cognitive abilities. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Interactive Learning media based on articulate storyline 3 software that has been developed is very feasible to be used as a medium in the process of learning physics and can improve students cognitive abilities. Keywords: Interactive Learning Media, 4D Thiagarajan, Articulate Storyline 3
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI MEDIA PAPAN FLANEL PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B DI TK HARAPAN BUNDA SUKAMARGA
Authors: Laila Maftuhatul , Islahudin Ahmad Noor , Marlisa Lusi 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal kosa kata Bahasa Inggris menggunakan media papan flanel pada anak di TK Harapan Bunda Sukamarga. Masalah utama yang muncul dalam mengenalkan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris pada anak usia dini yakni kurangnya media pembelajaran yang menarik sehingga minat belajar anak dalam mengenal kosa kata Bahasa Inggris belum berkembang dengan baik.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mixed metode dengan menggunakan pendekatan PTK. Pendekatan PTK digunakan untuk mengukur adanya perubahan atau kenaikan pada siklus 1 dan siklus selanjutnya. Subjek penelitian ini yakni anak-anak di TK Harapan Bunda Sukamarga. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siklus dan setiap siklusnya terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan, Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan,pengamatan, dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan menggunakan dua teknik kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengukur hasil refleksi pada PTK dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS, sedangkan kualitatif menjabarkan hasil yang di dapati oleh data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini terlihat bahwasanya meningkatnya kemampuan mengenal kosa kata Bahasa Inggris untuk setiap siklusnya, pada saat pra tindakan menunjukkan hasil rata-rata presentase 49,5%, kemudian mulai meningkat pada siklus 1 yaitu 60,5%, dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 83,00%. Bedasarkan Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa media papan flanel efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal kosa kata Bahasa Inggris anak kelompok B di Tk Harapan Bunda Sukamrga.
Kata Kunci : Kosa Kata Bahasa Inggris, Media papan flanel, Anak Usia Dini
The Influence of Social Responsibility on Profitability in the Southern African Banking Industry
Authors: Aliamutu Kansilembo Freddy , Mkhize Msizi Vitalis 
Published: July 2024

Objective – This study aims to examine the effect of social responsibility on profitability in the Southern African banking industry. Methodology – The study utilized content analysis to evaluate financial statements, including measures of return on assets and return on equity, and social responsibility components based on International Accounting Principles. Panel data from 2015 to 2019 were used to assess the impact of social responsibility reporting on profitability. This paper regresses SR reporting on Profitability using panel data from 2015 to 2019.Results – The standard deviation for banks in Mozambique (0.1916) was higher than that of banks in South Africa (0.0928) according to the SR_Dind variable. The lack of significance in the impact of environmental initiatives on profitability (λ1 = 0.001, P-value 0.1) may be attributed to Mozambique's underdeveloped status compared to South Africa. The larger size and significance of the SR_Dind coefficient for the entire sample suggest that the impact is more significant for South African banks (λ1 = 0.057 and λ1 = 0.068, p ˂ 5%) than for Mozambique banks (λ2 = 0.049 and λ2 = 0.051, p ˂ 5%).Research limitations/implications – The study's focus on a small sample (the biggest 10 banks in every nation) makes it less intriguing than it could be if all banks had been included in the sample. The research significantly elucidates the relationship between SR reporting and profitability by throwing light on SR's behaviour in the banking industry, answering the unresolved problem relating SR reporting and profitability in the banking industry. The study may be used by lawmakers and shareholders to help explain how banks operate in these two nations.Novelty/Originality –The study provides an original perspective on how voluntary Social Responsibility Commitment Report could help enhance profitability in the banking industry.
Pont’s Index, is it Reliable and Applicable for Iraqis?
Authors: M. Hussien Hiba , A. Mohammed Shahbaa , M. K. Nissan Layth , Nahidh Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

To facilitate the correct diagnosis and treatment planning, a range of diagnostic orthodontic indices have been developed. Pont’s index, as one of them, was documented to estimate the ideal maxillary dental arch widths from the sum of crown widths of maxillary incisors. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the applicability of Pont’s index to Iraqi individuals.
Fifty stone dental models for 25 females and 25 males were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Orthodontics in Baghdad College of Dentistry. The dental arch widths at the level of 1st premolar and molar areas in addition to the mesiodistal crown widths of all teeth were measured using an electronic vernier. The estimated arch widths were compared to the actual ones using paired sample t-test.
The results showed highly significant differences between the actual and estimated maxillary inter-premolar and intermolar widths with over-estimated values in both genders. New formulas were developed to make Pont's index more reliable, and the newly estimated widths were non-significantly different from the actual one. The original Pont’s index is an unreliable and inapplicable method for arch width prediction. A specific modification of Pont’s index is developed and can be applied for more reliable results.