bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated level of serum carbohydrate antigen 19.9 as predictor of mortality in patients with advanced medullary thyroid cancer
Authors: Elisei Rossella , Lorusso Loredana , Piaggi Paolo , Torregrossa Liborio , Pellegrini Giovanni , Molinaro Eleonora , Agate Laura , Bottici Valeria , Pani Fabiana , Cacciato Insilla Andrea , Casella Francesca , Ciampi Raffaele , Tognetti Ilaria , Materazzi Gabriele , Basolo Fulvio , Romei Cristina 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundMedullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is capable of secreting several proteins, such as calcitonin (Ct), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), chromogranin and others. Recently, we observed an aggressive MTC with high levels of serum carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (Ca 19.9) and a rapid evolution to death.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether high levels of serum Ca 19.9 could be a prognostic factor of death in patients with advanced MTC.Patients and methodsWe measured Ca 19.9, CEA and Ct in 100 advanced structural recurrent/persistent MTC patients and in 100 cured or biochemically affected MTC patients. Clinical and pathological data were also collected.ResultsSixteen percent of the patients with advanced MTC had high levels of Ca 19.9. The group with abnormal Ca 19.9 levels had significantly higher levels of CEA and Ct compared with the group with normal values of Ca 19.9 (P<0.0001 for both Ct and CEA). At variance, all 100 patients in the MTC control group showed normal levels of Ca 19.9. Moreover, among the advanced cases, the Ca 19.9-positive group showed a higher mortality rate than the group with normal levels. A logistic regression analysis demonstrated that an elevated level of Ca 19.9 is a predictor of mortality (OR=3.78,P=0.04), independent from Ct doubling time.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated that an elevated value of serum Ca 19.9 appears to be a predictive factor of poor prognosis in advanced MTC patients and identifies those cases with a higher risk of mortality in the short term.
Feasibility of proximal right coronary artery imaging by 2D and 3D echocardiography in comparison to coronary angiography
Authors: Stoebe Stephan , Lange Katharina , Pfeiffer Dietrich , Hagendorff Andreas 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The present study was carried out to test the feasibility of proximal right coronary artery (RCA) imaging and to detect proximal RCA narrowing and occlusion by 2D and 3D transthoracic echocardiography in comparison to coronary angiography (CA). Standardised 2D and 3D echocardiography were performed prior to CA in 97 patients with sinus rhythm. The following parameters were determined: the longest longitudinal detectable RCA segment, the minimum and maximum width of the RCA, the area and number of detectable narrowing >50% of the proximal RCA and the correlation between the echocardiographic and angiographic findings. The visualisation of the proximal RCA and the detection of coronary artery narrowing in the proximal RCA are generally possible. Differences in width and area were not statistically significant between 2D and 3D echocardiography, but showed significant differences between echocardiography and CA. For the detection of proximal RCA narrowing, higher sensitivity and specificity values were obtained by 2D than by 3D echocardiography. However, in patients with sufficient image quality 3D echocardiography permits a more detailed visualisation of the anatomical proportions and an en-face view into the RCA ostium. The visualisation of the proximal RCA is feasible and narrowing can be detected by 2D and 3D echocardiography if image quality is sufficient. CA is the gold standard for the detection of coronary artery stenoses. However, the potential of this new approach is clinically important because crucial findings of the proximal RCA can be presumably detected non-invasively prior to CA.
Blueprint for Action: Visioning Summit on the Future of the Workforce in Pediatrics
Authors: Sectish Theodore C. , Hay William W. , Mahan John D. , Mendoza Fernando S. , Spector Nancy D. , Stanton Bonita , Szilagyi Peter G. , Turner Teri L. , Walker Leslie R. , Slaw Kenneth 
Published: June 2015

The Federation of Pediatric Organizations engaged members of the pediatric community in an 18-month process to envision the future of the workforce in pediatrics, culminating in a Visioning Summit on the Future of the Workforce in Pediatrics. This article documents the planning process and methods used. Four working groups were based on the 4 domains that are likely to affect the future workforce: Child Health Research and Training, Diversity and Inclusion, Gender and Generations, and Pediatric Training Along the Continuum. These groups identified the issues and trends and prioritized their recommendations. Before the summit, 5 key megatrends cutting across all domains were identified:
1. Aligning Education to the Emerging Health Needs of Children and Families
2. Promoting Future Support for Research Training and for Child Health Research
3. Striving Toward Mastery Within the Profession
4. Aligning and Optimizing Pediatric Practice in a Changing Health Care Delivery System
5. Taking Advantage of the Changing Demographics and Expertise of the Pediatric Workforce
At the Visioning Summit, we assembled members of each of the working groups, the Federation of Pediatric Organizations Board of Directors, and several invited guests to discuss the 5 megatrends and develop the vision, solutions, and actions for each megatrend. Based on this discussion, we offer 10 recommendations for the field of pediatrics and its leading organizations to consider taking action.
A Comparison of the Request Process and Outcomes in Adult and Pediatric Organ Donation
Authors: Siminoff Laura A. , Molisani Anthony J. , Traino Heather M. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Although existing studies suggest that factors affecting families’ decisions regarding pediatric organ donation mirror those for adult patients, health professionals working in this area maintain that pediatric and adult decision-makers differ in significant ways. This study compared the request process, experiences, and authorization decisions between family decision-makers (FDMs) of adult and pediatric donors and nondonors.METHODS:Perceptions of the donation request were collected via telephone interviews with 1601 FDMs approached by staff from 9 US organ procurement organizations (OPOs). Authorization regarding donation (ie, authorized/refused) was obtained from FDM reports and verified by using OPO records. Tests of association were used to estimate differences between FDMs of adult and pediatric patients. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify variables predicting FDM authorization.RESULTS:FDMs of children were significantly more likely to authorize donation than were FDMs of adults (89.7% vs 83.2%; χ2 = 6.2, P = .01). Differences were found between pediatric and adult families’ initial feelings toward donation, donation-related topics discussed, communication behaviors and techniques used, perceptions of the request, and receipt and preference of grief information. The likelihood of FDM authorization increased with the number of topics discussed and communication skills employed during requests. Authorization was not predicted by patient age (ie, adult versus pediatric).CONCLUSIONS:FDMs of children are willing to donate and experience no more psychological distress from the request for donation than do FDMs of adults. Communication emerged as a critical factor of family authorization, reinforcing its importance in requests for donation.
Youth Drinking in the United States: Relationships With Alcohol Policies and Adult Drinking
Authors: Xuan Ziming , Blanchette Jason G. , Nelson Toben F. , Nguyen Thien H. , Hadland Scott E. , Oussayef Nadia L. , Heeren Timothy C. , Naimi Timothy S. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND:The relationship between the alcohol policy environment (ie, the combined effectiveness and implementation of multiple existing alcohol policies) and youth drinking in the United States has not been assessed. We hypothesized that stronger alcohol policy environments are inversely associated with youth drinking, and this relationship is partly explained by adult drinking.METHODS:Alcohol Policy Scale (APS) scores that characterized the strength of the state-level alcohol policy environments were assessed with repeated cross-sectional Youth Risk Behavior Survey data of representative samples of high school students in grades 9 to 12, from biennial years between 1999 and 2011.RESULTS:In fully adjusted models, a 10 percentage point increase in APS scores (representing stronger policy environments) was associated with an 8% reduction in the odds of youth drinking and a 7% reduction in the odds of youth binge drinking. After we accounted for youth-oriented alcohol policies, the subgroup of population-oriented policies was independently associated with lower odds of youth drinking (adjusted odds ratio 0.94; 95% confidence interval 0.92–0.97) and youth binge drinking (adjusted odds ratio 0.96; 95% confidence interval 0.94–0.99). State-level per capita consumption mediated the relationship between population-oriented alcohol policies and binge drinking among youth.CONCLUSIONS:Stronger alcohol policies, including those that do not target youth specifically, are related to a reduced likelihood of youth alcohol consumption. These findings suggest that efforts to reduce youth drinking should incorporate population-based policies to reduce excessive drinking among adults as part of a comprehensive approach to preventing alcohol-related harms. Future research should examine influence of alcohol policy subgroups and discrete policies.
Rumo à consolidação das dimensões da inovatividade e seu impacto no desempenho inovador
Authors: Bezerra Cicero Aparecido , Fernandes Michel de Azevedo 
Published: June 2015

As condições habilitadoras da inovação (inovatividade) têm sido, com recorrência, tomadas como tema de pesquisas que analisam sua influência no desempenho inovador, porém de forma ainda dispersa. A presente pesquisa emprega um modelo que consolida o impacto de dez dimensões inovativas no desempenho inovador das organizações e agrega a ele, algumas características de organizações (faturamento, número de funcionários e setor econômico), bem como analisa os resultados a partir de abordagem multivariada categórica, distinta daquela empregada no modelo originalmente proposto. Os resultados indicam que as empresas respondentes não se diferenciam, quanto aos aspectos do modelo, em relação aos setores econômicos. Por outro lado, é evidenciado que, em relação ao faturamento e número de funcionários, as organizações apresentam percepções distintas das dimensões da inovatividade. Finalmente, os resultados indicam que o modelo original apresenta maturidade na medida em que métodos alternativos de análise apontam para semelhantes conclusões.Palavras-chave: Inovatividade. Inovação. Desempenho Inovador.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Singer Samuel , Grommes Christian , Reiner Anne S. , Rosenblum Marc K. , DeAngelis Lisa M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by neurologic symptoms with typical lesions on neuroimaging and may be associated with chemotherapy and immunosuppressive agents used in patients with cancer. We described the spectrum of PRES at a major cancer center.

Methods.
We reviewed charts of adults with PRES between 2005 and 2011 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center for clinical information and outcome.

Results.
We identified 21 women (68%) and 10 men (median cohort age: 58 years). Solid tumors (n = 22, 71%) were more common than hematologic (n = 8) or primary brain malignancies (n = 1). Prior brain irradiation (16%) and central nervous system metastases (10%) were uncommon. There were 55% who received chemotherapy or targeted therapy within the month preceding PRES, including 6 patients who received bevacizumab; PRES followed allogeneic stem cell transplantation in 5 (16%). Presenting symptoms included confusion (71%), seizure (58%), and headache (48%). Maximum systolic and diastolic blood pressures were similar among patients grouped by cancer type, chemotherapy or bevacizumab use, and atypical imaging. Moreover, 37% of patients with both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) had normal CT concurrent with PRES on MRI, and 84% returned to neurologic baseline at a median of 7.5 days (range: 1–167 days) from onset. Successful anticonvulsant taper was achieved in 51%. Chemotherapy rechallenge was attempted in 41% without recurrent PRES. Autopsy revealed nonspecific changes isolated to radiographically affected areas in one of two patients.

Conclusion.
Recent chemotherapy, particularly bevacizumab, is common in cancer patients with PRES. Clinical and radiographic presentations may vary; MRI appears more sensitive than CT. Anticonvulsant taper and chemotherapy rechallenge is often possible.

Implications for Practice:
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is characterized by neurologic symptoms with typical lesions on neuroimaging and may be associated with chemotherapy and immunosuppressive agents used in patients with cancer. Clinical and radiographic presentations are protean, and magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive than computed tomography. Recovery is common, and many patients can be successfully rechallenged with the apparently offending chemotherapy agent or regimen.
PerceÃ§Ã£o de justiÃ§a, discriminaÃ§Ã£o e sexismo
Authors: Santos Maria Helena , AmÃ¢ncio LÃ­gia 
Published: June 2015

Este artigo teÃ³rico analisou as dinÃ¢micas intergrupais e a mudanÃ§a social, particularmente no caso das categorias de sexo e das relaÃ§Ãµes de gÃ©nero, no sentido de perceber a persistÃªncia das discriminaÃ§Ãµes e destacar as condiÃ§Ãµes que contribuem para esta. O artigo articula diferentes nÃ­veis de anÃ¡lise, sobretudo ao nÃ­vel intergrupal e ideolÃ³gico, para conhecer a perspetiva dos envolvidos e entender as condiÃ§Ãµes que levam os membros dos grupos dominados a adotar (ou nÃ£o) aÃ§Ãµes que melhorem a situaÃ§Ã£o. Demonstra, nomeadamente, que estes grupos vivem um estado de ambiguidade face Ã s consequÃªncias do preconceito e discriminaÃ§Ã£o a que sÃ£o sujeitos e que, por isso, nem sempre percebem que sÃ£o discriminados. Este sentimento, tambÃ©m entendido como uma estratÃ©gia de coping, nÃ£o contribui para a mudanÃ§a, porque limita o envolvimento das pessoas em aÃ§Ãµes que conduzam Ã alteraÃ§Ã£o da situaÃ§Ã£o.
Reflexiones sobre la Tecnociencia desde una epistemlogía feminista. Acercamiento al pensamiento de D. J. Haraway
Authors: Tacoronte Domínguez Mª José 
Published: June 2015

<p>En este artículo se analiza la epistemología de Donna Haraway entendida como epistemología política y ética. En él se exponen los conceptos y argumentos centrales de su pensamiento acerca de la ciencia, la epistemología y los nuevos sujetos epistémico-sociales, con el objetivo de mostrar cómo se anudan epistemología feminista, propuesta política y ética. Asimismo se mostrarán los mecanismos que utiliza Haraway para zafarse de la lógica binaria y tradicional, sustituyéndola por una lógica polifónica.</p>
Igualdad y desigualdad de género en los imaginarios sociales del amor de pareja heterosexual
Authors: Verdú Delgado Ana Dolores 
Published: June 2015

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p>En las últimas décadas las relaciones de género han experimentado profundas transformaciones en España, paralelamente a la lucha por la igualdad, como valor institucional, y a los cambios producidos en los modos de organizar la vida íntima. No obstante, son muchos los estudios que detectan la importante influencia que todavía tiene el sexismo en los imaginarios del amor de la población más joven. Este artículo parte de la revisión de algunos de estos estudios para analizar posteriormente datos provenientes de una encuesta distribuida en centros universitarios de la provincia de Alicante. Los resultados de esta encuesta señalarían la mayor presencia de igualdad en este contexto con respecto a la adolescencia, detectando asimismo diferencias de género en determinados aspectos.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 2.25pt 0pt 0cm; text-indent: 0cm;"> </p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>
Coeducación para la equidad: A propósito del corpus curricular de la educación chilena. Análisis desde una perspectiva de género
Authors: Contreras Hernández Paola , Trujillo Cristoffanini Macarena 
Published: June 2015

<p>Para avanzar hacia la equidad de género en la educación, es vital analizar los contenidos curriculares que han legitimado las diferencias sociales entre mujeres y varones, apostando así por la visibilización de estereotipos de género sexistas que cuestionen el currículum oculto de género. De este modo, se presenta un análisis exploratorio desde la perspectiva de género sobre la asignatura de historia y geografía de enseñanza media de la educación chilena, cuyos resultados a nivel cualitativo evidenciaron la reproducción del androcentrismo en el estudio de la historia, que se materializa en lo que proponemos denominar como “curriculum aséptico de género”. Con el fin de cuestionar estos supuestos androcéntricos de la historia, y, a modo de ejemplo, presentamos una propuesta de contenidos coeducativos en la enseñanza de esta materia.</p><p> </p>
Evolución histórica y educativa del deporte femenino. Una forma de exclusión social y cultural
Authors: Zapico Robles Belén , E. Tuero del Prado Concepción 
Published: June 2015

<p>Uno de los elementos más característicos de nuestra sociedad en relación a la diferenciación y desigualdad de la mujer en el ámbito del deporte es el lenguaje en todas sus facetas comunicativas: escrito, verbal, icónico, etc. y es lo que puede contribuir de forma evidente a promocionar un cambio sustancial en el contexto del deporte femenino. Sin embargo, para esbozar la configuración del deporte femenino es necesario recurrir a una perspectiva histórico-educativo, que nos permita reflexionar sobre la persistencia de los estereotipos arraigados en nuestra realidad social y cultural. La finalidad de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre factores diversos (históricos, sociales, culturales y educativos) que evidencian la desigualdad en torno al género en el ámbito del deporte.</p><p> </p>
División sexual del periodismo. Ellas a las aulas y ellos a las redacciones: estudio del caso vasco.
Authors: Rivero Santamarina Diana 
Published: June 2015

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p>Recientemente se viene hablando de una feminización de la profesión periodística derivada de las cada vez mayores tasas de graduadas en Periodismo. Sin embargo, los datos sobre la conformación de los distintos estamentos de los medios de comunicación parecen falsear esta hipótesis, ya que a día de hoy el número de periodistas hombres en activo es superior al de sus homólogas. Por ello, se pretende estudiar este fenómeno por medio del análisis del caso del País Vasco, a través de la obtención de datos de licenciadas y licenciados por la Universidad del País Vasco en los últimos trece años. Asimismo, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de la composición de los principales medios con sede en este territorio.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>
Fontes para o estudo da pobreza no norte de Portugal oitocentistas
Authors: Lopes Esteves Alexandra Patricia 
Published: June 2015

<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: xx-small;"><p> </p></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><span lang="PT" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nuestro trabajo se centra en la prestación de cuidados llevado a cabo por el hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Visitación da vila de Caminha, ubicado en el distrito de Viana do Castelo, y dedicado a la atención de personas desfavorecidas. Tomándo como ejemplo la actividad desarrollada por otras instituciones similares en del siglo XIX, buscaremos analizar la organización y las reglas de funcionamiento de este hospital, la actividad desarrollada por los diferentes los profesionales que prestaban servicio, la tipología de los pacientes, con especial atención a los grupos profesionales a los que pertenecían, y finalmente, las enfermedades que provocaron su internamiento.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>
Evolución, perspectivas y transformaciones de la Europa bajodanubiana
Authors: Marcu Silvia 
Published: June 2015

El artículo analiza la evolución, las transformaciones más recientes y las perspectivas de la región bajodanubiana -que incluye a Rumania y a Bulgaria- en el marco geopolítico, histórico y cultural de la nueva Europa, desde el pasado, incluyendo los cambios acaecidos desde 1989 y hasta la actualidad, con las consecuentes dificultades que se presentan de cara a la próxima integración en el mundo de valores occidentales: la Alianza Atlántica OTAN y, sobre todo, la Unión Europea. Se incide tanto en la evolución, en la herencia histórico-cultural, y en la valoración de dichos cambios, como en las características del nuevo sistema político y económico y en el atraso de las reformas. A pesar de las incertidumbres que nublan el escenario de la región, el análisis vislumbra también ciertas perspectivas optimistas.
Las áreas de montaña en Cantabria ante el reto de su desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Delgado Viñas Carmen 
Published: June 2015

<p>El objetivo fundamental de la Ley 45/2007 de Desarrollo Sostenible del Medio Rural, como su propio título sugiere, es el progreso de los espacios rurales entendido bajo una nueva perspectiva territorial. En consecuencia, superando el enfoque antagónico tradicional entre el campo y la ciudad, la Ley española toma como punto de partida la consideración de la diversidad actual de los espacios rurales al afirmar que no existe un medio rural único, sino medios rurales múltiples y diferentes con necesidades de atención distintas.</p> <p>El paso previo para la aplicación de la Ley ha sido la delimitación de los diferentes tipos de áreas o “zonas” rurales existentes en cada Comunidad Autónoma con el fin de disponer de fórmulas de apoyo específicas, en función de las necesidades particulares de cada territorio y en razón de la situación provocada por las principales tendencias de la dinámica territorial reciente: la diversificación económica, la desagrarización y la despoblación. Las dos primeras pueden considerarse como rasgos comunes a todos los espacios rurales, la tercera como una seña diferencial que afecta en particular a las áreas más desfavorecidas.</p>