bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transference of Wheat Expressed Sequence Tag–Simple Sequence Repeats to Paspalum Species and Cross‐Species Amplification of Paspalum notatum Simple Sequence Repeats: Potential Use in Phylogenetic Analysis and Mapping
Authors: Siena Lorena Adelina , Sartor María Esperanza , Quarin Camilo Luis , Espinoza Francisco , Ortiz Juan Pablo A. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe genus Paspalum L. includes numerous species of agronomic importance. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the transferability and polymorphism of publicly available wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) expressed sequence tag (EST)–simple sequence repeat (SSR) (wEST‐SSR) markers to Paspalum spp., assess the cross‐species amplification of Paspalum notatum Flüggé genomic SSRs (PnSSRs) within the genus, and evaluate both types of markers for phylogenetic analyses and mapping. Thirty‐two accessions including 10 species were used. Moreover, 65 F1 hybrids of P. notatum were used for mapping. Transferability ratio of wEST‐SSRs was 72.72%. On average 19.25 bands per primer combination were obtained. Cross‐species amplification of PnSSRs was 55.37%, with an average of 9.45 fragments per primer pair. Both types of markers differed in the amplification capacity between primers pairs and species. Clustering analysis with wEST‐SSR data discriminated accessions by species and taxonomic groups. Genomic relationships were in agreement with previous works indicating that wEST‐SSRs are adequate for phylogenetic surveys in the genus. Mapping experiments showed that both wEST‐SSRs and PnSSRs mapped scattered in the genome. One hundred two new markers were added to the existent P. notatum linkage groups. Primer pairs ksum206, ksum219, and PN03 F2 generated markers linked to apospory. Sequences of EST‐SSRs experimentally mapped in P. notatum showed 46.23 to 55.27% similarity with the original wheat EST. A preliminary comparative mapping analysis was carried combining experimental and in silico mapping results.
Examination of Cold Deacclimation Sensitivity of Annual Bluegrass and Creeping Bentgrass
Authors: Hoffman Lindsey , DaCosta Michelle , Ebdon J. Scott 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAnnual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) (AB) frequently exhibits increased susceptibility to winter injury compared to other cool‐season turfgrass species such as creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) (CB). Interspecific differences in winter survival of these two species may be associated with enhanced sensitivity of AB to decreases in freezing tolerance (deacclimation) during winter and early spring months; however, there is limited understanding of the factors associated with cold deacclimation between these two species. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the deacclimation sensitivity of one AB ecotype and one CB cultivar in response to varying temperature increases and durations. Total shoot growth and freezing tolerance (lethal temperature resulting in 50% mortality [LT50]) of AB and CB was monitored throughout cold acclimation (20, 2, and –2°C) and following exposure to a combination of 4, 8, or 12°C for 1 or 5 d. Overall, freezing tolerance of AB (LT50 of –17.7°C) was significantly lower than CB (LT50 of –21.2°C) following cold acclimation, and in general CB maintained higher levels of freezing tolerance throughout deacclimation compared to AB (LT50 of –16.2 and –12°C, respectively). Both AB and CB exhibited deacclimation in response to above‐freezing temperatures; however, the threshold temperature required to induce greater losses in freezing tolerance was lower for AB compared to CB. Specifically, a 2.5‐fold greater loss in freezing tolerance was detected in AB compared to CB following exposure to 4°C. Furthermore, total shoot growth and LT50 were correlated during deacclimation in these species.
The History of Reed Canarygrass in North America: Persistence of Natives among Invading Eurasian Populations
Authors: Jakubowski Andrew R. , Jackson Randall D. , Casler Michael D. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTReed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinaceaL.) is a major invader in North American wetlands that has also been planted as a forage crop for nearly a century. While the species is native to both North America and Eurasia, the geographic origin of invaders has remained unknown due to the previous inability to distinguish North American and Eurasian populations. The goals of this study were to (i) identify extant native North American populations if they exist, (ii) determine the geographic origin of present‐day populations in North America, and (iii) compare the diversity among Eurasian and North American populations to determine whether there is evidence of a genetic bottleneck in North America. A total of 987 individuals from 373 accessions were investigated using 15 microsatellite markers. A subset of 37 individuals was sequenced at four chloroplast regions. The population structure of the species was inferred using Bayesian clustering approaches and a median joining tree. Native North American populations of reed canarygrass are still present in North America. However, only 3 of the 235 North American accessions sampled were of North American origin. All Eurasian subpopulations were present in North America and invading populations in North America were as diverse as populations in the Eurasian range. The Eurasian populations are far more common in North American wetlands today and suggest introduced Eurasian populations are more invasive than their North American counterparts although the mechanisms for the differences in invasibility remain a mystery.
Test Cross Evaluation of Upland Cotton Accessions for Selected Fiber Properties
Authors: Beyer Benjamin M. , Smith C. Wayne , Percy Richard , Hague Steve , Hequet Eric F. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTTexas A&M AgriLife Research released several upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines that exhibit near extra long and extra long staple (ELS) upper half mean length (UHML) fibers, similar to those produced by pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) and significantly longer than those of upland cultivars currently grown in the United States. While present‐day global marketing systems do not reward the production of such upland cotton fibers, future competitiveness of upland cotton may depend on availability of such variability. Thirty‐six improved upland cotton cultivar accessions from the USDA‐ARS Cotton Collection were crossed to two testers to determine if any contained alleles for additional improvement in fiber length or strength parameters of germplasm developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. ‘Tamcot CAMD‐E’ was chosen as a standard fiber quality tester and TAM B182‐33 ELS was the elite fiber quality tester. The lines, testers, and F1s were grown in Tecoman, Colima, Mexico, and at College Station, TX, in 2010 and at College Station only in 2011. Fiber data were subjected to line × tester analysis. Funtua FT‐5 from northern Africa and Stoneville 474 from the United States may harbor additional UHML and length uniformity alleles for improving TAM B182‐33 ELS. Phytogen 72 (United States) and BJA 592 (northern Africa) may contain additional alleles to improve fiber bundle strength.
Experimental Evaluation of the Energy Performance of an Air Vortex Tube when the Inlet Parameters are Varied
Authors: Torrella E. , Patiño J. , Sánchez D. , Llopis R. , Cabello R. 
Published: December 2013

The paper presents the analysis of the energy performance of an air vortex cooling tube under variations of the
air inlet properties, with three independent experimental tests validated through the energy balance in the device.
The experimental analysis includes the following variations of the input conditions: First, the effect of the air inlet
pressure to the vortex tube, focused on the analysis of temperature variations in the output cold stream and in the cooling
capacity when the cold flow fraction varies. Second, we studied air inlet temperature variations to the vortex tube under
different cold flow fractions, which is an analysis not found in the literature. And finally, is studied the performance of the
vortex tube when the insulation is provided or in absence of insulation.
Trichomonas vaginalis acidic phospholipase A2: isolation and partial amino acid sequence
Authors: Escobedo-Guajardo Brenda , González-Salazar Francisco , Palacios-Corona Rebeca , Torres de la Cruz Víctor , Morales-Vallarta Mario , Mata-Cárdenas Benito , Garza-González Jesús , Rivera-Silva Gerardo , Vargas-Villarreal Javier 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSexually transmitted diseases are a major cause of acute disease worldwide, and trichomoniasis is the most common and curable disease, generating more than 170 million cases annually worldwide. Trichomonas vaginalis is the causal agent of trichomoniasis and has the ability to destroy in vitro cell monolayers of the vaginal mucosa, where the phospholipases A2 (PLA2) have been reported as potential virulence factors. These enzymes have been partially characterized from the subcellular fraction S30 of pathogenic T. vaginalis strains. The main objective of this study was to purify a phospholipase A2 from T. vaginalis, make a partial characterization, obtain a partial amino acid sequence, and determine its enzymatic participation as hemolytic factor causing lysis of erythrocytes. Trichomonas S30, RF30 and UFF30 sub-fractions from GT-15 strain have the capacity to hydrolyze [2-14C-PA]-PC at pH 6.0. Proteins from the UFF30 sub-fraction were separated by affinity chromatography into two eluted fractions with detectable PLA A2 activity. The EDTA-eluted fraction was analyzed by HPLC using on-line HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry and two protein peaks were observed at 8.2 and 13 kDa. Peptide sequences were identified from the proteins present in the eluted EDTA UFF30 fraction; bioinformatic analysis using Protein Link Global Server charged with T. vaginalis protein database suggests that eluted peptides correspond a putative ubiquitin protein in the 8.2 kDa fraction and a phospholipase preserved in the 13 kDa fraction. The EDTA-eluted fraction hydrolyzed [2-14C-PA]-PC lyses erythrocytes from Sprague-Dawley in a time and dose-dependent manner. The acidic hemolytic activity decreased by 84% with the addition of 100 μM of Rosenthal’s inhibitor.
Schallfeldmodellierung von Ultraschall-Transversalwellen-Prüfköpfen
Authors: Mielentz Frank , Feller Viktor , Krause Martin , Orglmeister Reinhold , Mayer Klaus 
Published: December 2013

KurzfassungUltraschallmessverfahren werden seit Langem erfolgreich für Prüfaufgaben, wie zum Beispiel die Ermittlung von Bauteilgeometrien, im Bauwesen eingesetzt. Um die Schallbündelung der Prüfköpfe zu verbessern, werden oft mehrere Prüfköpfe in einem Array angeordnet. Für die Entwicklung der Prüfkopfarrays ist es zweckmäßig, mithilfe von Modellierungen den Einfluss der Arraygröße, der Anordnung der Einzelprüfköpfe im Array und der Prüffrequenz auf das Schallfeld zu untersuchen. Dazu werden in der Praxis erfolgreich Modellierungen auf der Basis der Elastodynamischen Finiten Integrationstechnik (EFIT) und der Punktquellensynthese angewendet. Beim Aufbau der Arrays kommen zurzeit immer häufiger Transversal-Punktkontaktprüfköpfe zur Anwendung. Daher wird bei der Beschreibung der Schallfeldberechnung insbesondere auf die der Transversalwellenprüfköpfe eingegangen und mithilfe von Modellierungen und Experimenten gezeigt, wie sich die Prüfkopfpositionierung auf die Richtcharakteristik auswirkt.
Effects of Copper (Cu), Indium (In), Tin (Sn), Antimony (Sb) and Zinc (Zn) in Sterling Silver Alloys on Mechanical Properties Improvement
Authors: Praiphruk Sumethee , Lothongkum Gobboon , Nisaratanaporn Ekasit , Lohwongwatana Boonrat 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The jewelry industry has been searching for sterling silver with high hardness values as it is believed by the industry to have direct effect on scratch resistance as well as improved mechanical properties such as “spring” property. Even though the direct relationship between hardness and how springy the jewelry articles are could not be linked. However it is a conventional wisdom of goldsmith to observe the usual trend for alloys with higher hardness to be more elastic. Moreover it is a common and cheap test to apply to a jewelry article. Therefore it is common find jewelry manufacturers to discuss and compare hardness values. The current commercial alloys could reach 140–170 HV after careful heat treatments and/or mechanical treatments. In our research, we focused on a systematic alloy development study of ultra-hard silver alloy systems. These systems could reach high hardness values in as-cast state without subsequent post-processing treatments. The complex system comprises of silver content in the range of 80.0–92.5 wt.- % with supersaturated matrix. Twenty-two alloying element candidates and fifteen supersaturated ternary and quaternary compositions were investigated. Vickers hardness tests were performed on prototyped alloy ingots. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to measure the lattice distortion as well as to identify second or third phases in the alloys, if they existed. Metallography and electron microscopes were used to identify the microstructures. Seven developed alloy systems were presented in this paper as the investigation led to the discovery of a quaternary ductile alloy system with the hardness value of 142 HV as cast. The microstructure of the quaternary alloy was mostly single phase and these preliminary results suggested the alloy could be a good candidate for jewelry application.
Neurolysis alone as the treatment for neuroma-in-continuity with more than 50% conduction in infants with upper trunk brachial plexus birth palsy
Authors: Andrisevic Emily , Taniguchi Marshall , Partington Michael D. , Agel Julie , Van Heest Ann E. 
Published: December 2013

Object
The debate addressed in this article is that of surgical treatment methods for a neuroma-in-continuity. The authors of this study chose to test the hypothesis that more severe nerve injuries, as distinguished by < 50% conduction across a neuroma-in-continuity, could be treated with neuroma resection and grafting, whereas less severe nerve injuries, with > 50% conduction across the neuroma, could be treated with neurolysis alone.

Methods
The goal of this study was to compare preoperative and postoperative Active Movement Scale (AMS) scores in children with upper trunk brachial plexus birth injuries treated with neurolysis alone if the neuroma's conductivity was > 50% on intraoperative nerve testing. Seventeen patients (7 male, 10 female) met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Surgery was done when the patients were an average of 10 months old (range 6–19 months). The authors analyzed AMS scores from the preoperative assessment, 1-year postoperative follow-up visit, and subsequent follow-up assessment as close to 3 years after surgery as possible (referred to in this paper as > 2-year postoperative scores).

Results
Comparison of preoperative and 1-year follow-up data showed significant improvement in shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation, and internal rotation; elbow flexion and supination; and wrist extension. Comparison of preoperative findings and results of assessment at > 2-year follow-up showed significant improvement in shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation; and elbow flexion and supination. At final follow-up, useful function (AMS score of 6 or 7) was achieved for elbow flexion in 14 of 16 patients, shoulder flexion in 11 of 15 patients, shoulder abduction in 11 of 16 patients, and shoulder external rotation in 5 of 15 patients.

Conclusions
This report indicates that there is a subgroup of patients who can benefit clinically, with functional improvement of shoulder and elbow function, from treatment with neurolysis alone for upper trunk lesions demonstrating more than 50% conduction across the neuroma on intraoperative nerve testing. Patients with less than 50% conduction, indicating more severe disease, are treated with nerve resection and grafting in the authors' treatment algorithm.
Effect of machined interfacet allograft spacers on cervical foraminal height and area
Authors: Tan Lee A. , Gerard Carter S. , Anderson Paul A. , Traynelis Vincent C. 
Published: December 2013

Object
Iatrogenic foraminal stenosis is a well-known complication in cervical spine surgery. Machined interfacet allograft spacers can provide a large surface area, which ensures solid support, and could potentially increase foraminal space. The authors tested the hypothesis that machined interfacet allograft spacers increase cervical foraminal height and area.

Methods
The C4–5, C5–6, and C6–7 facets of 4 fresh adult cadavers were exposed, and the cartilage was removed from each facet using customized rasps. Machined allograft spacers were tamped into the joints. The spines were scanned with the O-arm surgical imaging system before and after placement of the spacers. Two individuals independently measured foraminal height and area on obliquely angled sagittal images.

Results
Foraminal height and area were significantly greater following placement of the machined interfacet spacers at all levels. The Pearson correlation between the 2 radiographic reviewers was very strong (r = 0.971, p = 0.0001), as was the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.907, p = 0.0001). The average increase in foraminal height was 1.38 mm. The average increase in foraminal area was 18.4% (0.097 mm2).

Conclusions
Modest distraction of the facets using machined interfacet allograft spacers can increase foraminal height and area and therefore indirectly decompress the exiting nerve roots. This technique can be useful in treating primary foraminal stenosis and also for preventing iatrogenic foraminal stenosis that may occur when the initially nonlordotic spine is placed into lordosis either with repositioning after central canal decompression or with correction using instrumentation. These grafts may be a useful adjunct to the surgical treatment of cervical spine disease.
Serial endovascular embolization as stand-alone treatment of a sacral aneurysmal bone cyst
Authors: Doss Vinodh T. , Weaver Jason , Didier Scott , Arthur Adam S. 
Published: December 2013

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are destructive cystic lesions of the bone and are common in children. They are expansile in nature and, therefore, may become symptomatic. These have traditionally been treated surgically; but recently, endovascular embolization has shown promise as a stand-alone therapy. The authors describe a case of an ABC highlighting the effectiveness and efficiency of endovascular treatment. A 16-year-old boy was referred for a 4-month history of radiating back pain and urinary hesitancy. Findings from his neurological examination were normal, but he had problems ambulating because of pain. Magnetic resonance imaging and CT scanning showed a cystic mass in the sacrum; a biopsy was performed and diagnosis of ABC was confirmed. Treatment options were then discussed with the family.
The patient underwent 2 endovascular embolizations in approximately 1 month: Onyx 18 was involved in the first session, and N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue was used in the second session. After the first treatment, the patient experienced a dramatic decrease in pain and concomitant improvement in function. The patient went from being mildly symptomatic after the first treatment to completely asymptomatic after the second treatment. Clinical and radiographic follow-up obtained at 2, 6, and 18 months after initial treatment revealed the patient to be asymptomatic with progressive ossification.
Endovascular treatment can be effective in treating symptomatic cases of ABC in which surgery would carry significant risk. Selective arterial embolization can promote sclerosis and result in an immediate and significant decrease in pain.
From Losing to Loss: Exploring the Expressive Capacities of Videogames Beyond Death as Failure
Authors: Harrer Sabine 
Published: December 2013

In games, loss is as ubiquitous as it is trivial. One reason for this has been found in the established convention of on-screen character death as a signifier for failure (Klastrup 2006; Grant 2011; Johnson 2011). If that’s all that games have to offer in terms of addressing an existential trope of human experience, the worried protectionist concludes, shouldn’t we dismiss this intrinsically flat medium as inferior to more established media forms such as film or literature? (Ebert 2010). Contrary to this view, this paper discusses gameplay examples that shed light on how this medium might leverage its expressive resources to arrive at rich representations of loss.
First, the notion of loss implied in Sigmund Freud’s work “Mourning and Melancholia” (1917) will be discussed in relation to losing in games. Looking at procedurality, fictional alignment and experiential metaphor as three expressive gameplay devices identified by Doris Rusch (2009) will help explain the expressive shortcoming of losing and lay out what is at stake with profound gameplay expression. Moreover, it will serve as the keywords structuring the following analysis of three videogames, Final Fantasy VII (1997), Ico (2001) and Passage (2007), and their design decisions fostering deep representations of loss. Keeping the Freudian notion of loss in mind, we can trace its repercussions on the three expressive dimensions respectively. Following a separate analysis of each gameplay example, the last section will discuss some commonalities and differences and arrive at the identification of desired object, permanent disruption and linearity as design aspects modeling loss in more compelling ways than losing.
Narrated Political Theory: Theorizing Pop Culture in Dietmar Dath’s Novel Für immer in Honig
Authors: Spitaler Georg 
Published: December 2013

In recent decades, debates on the relationship between pop culture and the political have transgressed academia and have even been prominent in pop (media) discourses and texts, including pop literature. Amongst the contributions at the intersection of art, theory and entertainment are the novels and essays by the German author Dietmar Dath. Taking the example of his novel Für immer in Honig (Berlin 2005/2008), it will be discussed how the book reloads and theorizes pop culture, and how a common cultural-theoretical narrative of de-politicized pop is challenged by the imaginative narratives of the novel.
It will be argued that Dath’s references to affective ‘mattering maps’ of pop culture, that on the one hand tend to fall into the pitfalls of exclusive ‘pop sophistication’, nevertheless play a key role for his aesthetical/theoretical project of political emancipation, and that these references can be viewed as examples of why popular passions matter for the formation of political identities/subjectivities as well as for the production and reading of political theory.
Processes controlling Southern Ocean shortwave climate feedbacks in CESM
Authors: Kay J. E. , Medeiros B. , Hwang Y.‐T. , Gettelman A. , Perket J. , Flanner M. G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA climate model (Community Earth System Model with the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CESM‐CAM5)) is used to identify processes controlling Southern Ocean (30–70°S) absorbed shortwave radiation (ASR). In response to 21st century Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 forcing, both sea ice loss (2.6 W m−2) and cloud changes (1.2 W m−2) enhance ASR, but their relative importance depends on location and season. Poleward of ~55°S, surface albedo reductions and increased cloud liquid water content (LWC) have competing effects on ASR changes. Equatorward of ~55°S, decreased LWC enhances ASR. The 21st century cloud LWC changes result from warming and near‐surface stability changes but appear unrelated to a small (1°) poleward shift in the eddy‐driven jet. In fact, the 21st century ASR changes are 5 times greater than ASR changes resulting from large (5°) naturally occurring jet latitude variability. More broadly, these results suggest that thermodynamics (warming and near‐surface stability), not poleward jet shifts, control 21st century Southern Ocean shortwave climate feedbacks.