bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concepciones acerca de la violencia filio-parental en el contexto de Servicios Sociales: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Del Moral Arroyo Gonzalo , Varela Garay Rosa María , Suárez Relinque Cristian , Muaitu Ochoa Gonzalo 
Published: October 2015

ResumenEl número de denuncias por violencia filio-parental (VFP) está aumentando significativamente en los últimos años. Sin embargo los dispositivos y servicios especializados para atender esta problemática son aún escasos, ocupándose en muchas ocasiones los profesionales de Servicios Sociales de la intervención en estos casos. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las concepciones que estos profesionales tienen respecto de la VFP y las características de las familias en las que tiene lugar este tipo de violencia. Aplicando un diseño de investigación cualitativo de corte inductivo se analizaron las respuestas de 43 profesionales de Servicios Sociales siguiendo los pasos propuestos por la Teoría General Inductiva (análisis temático de frecuencias, generación y depuración de categorías, creación de modelos de categorías principales y secundarias). Los resultados indican que las concepciones de los profesionales se clasifican en dos tipos: las conductuales y las relacionales y se situarían a lo largo de la dimensión unidireccionalidad- bidireccionalidad de la violencia. Hay un acuerdo generalizado en que no existe un único tipo de familia en el que sea más probable la VFP aunque sí identifican algunos indicadores familiares que se relacionan con la mayor probabilidad de desarrollo de violencia de hijos a padres (estilos parentales permisivo-sobreprotector, autoritario-violento, el negligente y el confuso; inversión de roles; falta de habilidades parentales y dificultades económicas). AbstractThe number of reported adolescent-towards-parents violence cases is increasing significantly in recent years. However, the specialized services to deal with this problem are still scarce, dealing in many cases practitioners of Social Services intervention in these cases. The aim of this study is to analyze the conceptions of these workers about adolescent-towards-parents violence and what are the family characteristics most strongly associated with this type of violence according to their beliefs. Using an inductive qualitative research design was analyzed responses of 43 workers from Social Services, using as a guide the Inductive General Theory phases (frequency thematic analysis, generation and depuration of categories, creation of models and networks of primary and secondary categories). The results indicate that the definitions of the professionals are divided in two types: behavioral and relational, and can be situated along the unidirectional-bidirectional dimension of violence. There is general agreement that there isn’t a single type of family in which violence is more likely although some indicators are related to the increased likelihood of development of abuse from children to parents (permissive parenting styles-overprotective, authoritarian, violent, neglectful and confused, role reversal, lack of parenting skills and economic difficulties).
Análisis de las atribuciones de guarda y custodia de menores en las sentencias judiciales
Authors: Rodríguez-Domínguez Carles , Jarne Adolfo , Carbonell Xavier 
Published: October 2015

ResumenDada la trascendencia que tienen sobre la vida de los menores involucrados en los procesos de separación o divorcio de sus padres, la atribución de la guarda y custodia de menores está determinada en la jurispruden­cia española por la supremacía del Interés Superior del Menor. Aún son escasos en nuestro entorno los estudios de las resoluciones judiciales sobre las atri­buciones de la custodia de menores. A fin de analizar las sentencias emitidas en separaciones o divorcios ad litem por los tribunales de familia, se confeccionó un protocolo para dar a conocer en el presente estudio los razonamientos sobre la atribución de la guarda y custo­dia, y las medi­das reguladoras entre las partes emitidas por los tribu­nales así como para exponer la evolución de la custodia compartida versus exclusiva en el período 2007 a 2013 en siete juzgados de familia de la ciudad de Barcelona. Los resultados revelaron evidencias de que todas las sentencias analizadas fueron motivadas, mos­traron un incremento a favor de la atribución de la custodia com­partida y un decremento de la custodia exclusiva atri­buida a favor de la madre en dicho período. AbstractGiven the significance on the lives of children in­volved in the processes of separation or divorce of their parents, the attribution of custody and child custody is determined in Spanish jurisprudence by the supremacy of the greater interest of the Child. Are still rare in our environment studies of judicial decisions on the powers of the custody of children. In order to analyze the judgments in separation or divorce ad litem by the family courts, a protocol was drawn to publicize in this study reasoning about the attribution of the custody, and regulatory measures among parts issued by the courts and for explaining the evolution of shared versus sole custody in the period 2007-2013 in seven courts in Barcelona city. The results revealed evidence that all the sentences analyzed were motivated, showed an increase in favor of the attribution of joint custody and a de­crease in sole custody attributed in favor of the mother in that period.
Análisis factorial confirmatorio. Recomendaciones sobre mínimos cuadrados no ponderados en función del error Tipo I de Ji-Cuadrado y RMSEA
Authors: Morata-Ramirez Mª Ángeles , Holgado Tello Francisco Pablo , Barbero-García María Isabel , Mendez Gonzalo 
Published: October 2015

Resumen En Psicología, para obtener evidencias sobre validez de constructo mediante Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio es habitual trabajar con variables ordinales que presentan asimetría. En este estudio de simulación se analiza el comportamiento del método de Mínimos Cuadrados no Ponderados (ULS) en escalas tipo Likert con base en los índices χ2 de razón de verosimilitud (C2) y RMSEA. Para ello, se han manipulado cuatro factores experimentales: el número de factores o dimensiones (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), número de puntos de respuesta (3, 4, 5, 6), grado de asimetría de la distribución de respuestas (simétrica, asimétrica moderada y severa) y tamaño muestral (100, 150, 250, 450, 650, 850) de los modelos simulados. Según los principales resultados, el índice C2 muestra siempre un error Tipo I mayor que RMSEA, con independencia de los factores experimentales analizados. Finalmente, se discuten diferentes alternativas de acción y se presentan futuras líneas de investigación. AbstractIn order to obtain evidences about construct validity through Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Social Sciences, working with skewed ordinal variables has been usual. In this simulation study the performance of Unweighted Least Squares (ULS) method in Likert scales according to Likelihood Ratio Test (C2) and RMSEA indices is analysed through Type I error. For this purpose, four experimental factors have been manipulated: the number of factors or dimensions (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), the number of response points (3, 4, 5, 6), the degree of skewness of the responses distribution (symmetric, moderately and severely asymmetric) and the sample size (100, 150, 250, 450, 650, 850) of the simulated models. According to the main results, C2 index always shows a bigger Type I error than RMSEA, regardless of the experimental factors analysed. Finally, different action alternatives are discussed and future research lines are presented.
Vancomycin Tissue Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Lower-Limb Infections via In Vivo Microdialysis
Authors: Housman Seth T. , Bhalodi Amira A. , Shepard Ashley , Nugent James , Nicolau David P. 
Published: October 2015

Background
Vancomycin is a common treatment option for skin and skin structure infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Given the increasing prevalence of MRSA, vancomycin is widely used as empirical therapy. In patients with lower-limb infections, antimicrobial penetration is often reduced because of decreased vascular perfusion. In this study, we evaluated the tissue concentrations of vancomycin in hospitalized patients with lower-limb infections.

Methods
An in vivo microdialysis catheter was inserted near the margin of the wound and was perfused with lactated Ringer's solution. Tissue and serum samples were obtained after steady state for one dosing interval. Tissue concentrations were corrected for percentage of in vivo recovery using the retrodialysis technique.

Results
Nine patients were enrolled (mean ± SD: age, 54 ± 19 years; weight, 105.6 ± 31.5 kg). Patients received a mean of 12.8 mg/kg of vancomycin every 12 hours (n = 7), every 8 hours (n = 1), or every 24 hours (n = 1). Mean ± SD steady-state trough vancomycin concentrations in serum and tissue were 11.1 ± 3.3 and 6.0 ± 2.6 μg/mL. The mean ± SD 24-hour free drug areas under the curve for serum and wound were 283.7 ± 89.4 and 232.8 ± 75.7 μg*h/mL, respectively. The mean ± SD tissue penetration ratio was 0.8 ± 0.2.

Conclusions
These data suggest that against MRSA with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1 μg/mL or less, vancomycin achieved blood pharmacodynamic targets required for the likelihood of success. Reduced concentrations may contribute to poor outcomes and the development of resistance. As other literature suggests, alternative agents may be needed when the pathogen of interest has a minimum inhibitory concentration greater than 1 μg/mL.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Clostridial Collagenase
Authors: Galperin Richard C. , Lange Darrell L. , Ramsay Sarah J. , Shi Lei , Weedon Kathy A. , Hudson Nancy M. , Dickerson Jaime E. , Cargill D. Innes , Slade Herbert B. 
Published: October 2015

Background
Digestion of collagen with clostridial collagenase (CC) produces peptides that can induce cellular responses consistent with wound healing in vivo. However, nonhealing human wounds are typically in a state of chronic inflammation. We evaluated the effects of CC on markers of inflammation in cell culture and wound fluid from diabetic patients.

Methods
Lipopolysaccharide-induced release of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 from interferon-γ–activated THP-1 monocytes was measured in the presence or absence of CC or CC collagen digests. In the clinical study, 17 individuals with mildly inflamed diabetic foot ulcers were randomized to receive CC ointment (CCO) or hydrogel. Weekly assessments included wound appearance and measurements. Wound exudate was collected at baseline and at 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. A multiplex assay was used to measure levels of analytes, including those associated with inflammation and with inflammation resolution.

Results
Lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were found in media of cells cultured with CC or CC digests of collagen type I or III than for untreated lipopolysaccharide controls (P < .05). Clinically, CCO and hydrogel resulted in improvement in wound appearance and a decrease in mean wound area. The CCO, but not the hydrogel, was found to increase the level of analytes associated with resolution of inflammation while decreasing those associated with inflammation. There was a general correlation between resolution of inflammation and healing.

Conclusions
These results support a hypothesis that debridement with CCO is associated with decreased inflammation and greater progress toward healing.
Correcting for the influence of ice‐rafted detritus on grain size‐based paleocurrent speed estimates
Authors: Jonkers Lukas , Barker Stephen , Hall Ian R. , Prins Maarten A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe grain size of deep‐sea sediments provides an apparently simple proxy for current speed. However, grain size‐based proxies may be ambiguous when the size distribution reflects a combination of processes, with current sorting only one of them. In particular, such sediment mixing hinders reconstruction of deep circulation changes associated with ice‐rafting events in the glacial North Atlantic because variable ice‐rafted detritus (IRD) input may falsely suggest current speed changes. Inverse modeling has been suggested as a way to overcome this problem. However, this approach requires high‐precision size measurements that register small changes in the size distribution. Here we show that such data can be obtained using electrosensing and laser diffraction techniques, despite issues previously raised on the low precision of electrosensing methods and potential grain shape effects on laser diffraction. Down‐core size patterns obtained from a sediment core from the North Atlantic are similar for both techniques, reinforcing the conclusion that both techniques yield comparable results. However, IRD input leads to a coarsening that spuriously suggests faster current speed. We show that this IRD influence can be accounted for using inverse modeling as long as wide size spectra are taken into account. This yields current speed variations that are in agreement with other proxies. Our experiments thus show that for current speed reconstruction, the choice of instrument is subordinate to a proper recognition of the various processes that determine the size distribution and that by using inverse modeling meaningful current speed reconstructions can be obtained from mixed sediments.
Messtechnische Ermittlung der U‐Werte von Außenwänden im Vergleich mit Typologiewerten für den Gebäudebestand
Authors: Merzkirch Alexander , Hoos Thorsten , Maas Stefan , Scholzen Frank , Waldmann Daniéle 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDie Wirtschaftlichkeit von Renovierungsvorhaben an Altbauten hängt im Wesentlichen von der erwarteten Wertsteigerung, der Miethöhe und den zu erreichenden Energieeinsparungen ab. Um diese Einsparungen zu berechnen, wird ein rechnerischer Vergleich zwischen dem aktuellen Verbrauch und dem Verbrauch nach der Sanierung angestrebt. Zahlreiche Studien zeigen auf, dass der rechnerische Energiebedarf von Gebäuden häufig von dem tatsächlichen Verbrauch abweicht. Dies gilt vor allem für vor 1970 errichtete Altbauten. Ein wichtiger Eingangsparameter der Berechnungsmethodik sind die U‐Werte der Außenwände, welche typischerweise vom Energieexperten vor Ort aus Typologien des Gesetzgebers für die jeweilige Wandkonstruktion ausgewählt werden. In dieser Veröffentlichung werden Mess‐ und Simulationsergebnisse von verschiedenen Wandtypen präsentiert. Die ermittelten Werte lagen dabei zwischen 0,9 und 1,2 W/(m²K) und somit deutlich unter den in Luxemburg angenommenen Typologiewerten von 1,4 und 2,1 W/(m²K). Die beschriebenen Abweichungen zwischen Energiebedarfsberechnung und tatsächlichem Energieverbrauch können somit zum Teil auf fehlerhafte Annahmen des ausstellenden Experten vor Ort zurückgeführt werden, welche sich an Typologiewerten orientieren.Measuring determination of U‐values of external walls in comparison with typical catalogue values for existing buildings. The economic benefit of retrofit actions for old buildings depends on possibly increasing building value and rents and also on the achieved energy savings. To estimate the savings, usually the calculated energy demand before and after the renovation is compared. Several studies show, that calculated energy demand and consumed energy often show great differences, especially for old buildings before the 1970s. One important input parameter for the energy demand calculation is the u‐value of the façade which is commonly chosen by the energy expert on site, out of a catalogue, where typical values for certain wall constructions are presented. In this publication, results of heat flow measurements and dynamic simulations of different typical wall constructions of old buildings are presented. The measured and simulated u‐values for those facades were between 0.9 and 1.2 W/(m²K) and significantly lower, than the values in the Luxembourgish catalogue, which range from 1.4 to 2.1 W/(m²K), depending on the construction material. The deviations between calculated building energy demand and actual consumed energy can at least partly be explained by false assumptions of energy experts on site, who use the u‐value catalogue for choosing the input parameters of their calculation.
Stressor oder Ressource? Die Bedeutung der bauphysikalischen Bedingungen für den Menschen am Beispiel der Lichtumgebung
Authors: Steidle Anna , de Boer Jan , Werth Lioba , Sedlbauer Klaus 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIm Zeitalter der Wissensarbeit steigt die Bedeutung mentaler und psychologischer Faktoren wie Konzentrationsfähigkeit, Stimmung und Motivation für eine hohe Leistungsfähigkeit. Die physikalischen Bedingungen an Büroarbeitsplätzen können einerseits einen Stressor darstellen, der die Konzentration erschöpft und den Nutzer ermüdet, oder eine räumliche Ressource, die Arbeitstätigkeiten erleichtert oder Nutzerbedürfnisse befriedigt und dadurch Engagement und Stimmung bei der Arbeit steigert. Inwiefern bestimmte räumliche Bedingungen am Arbeitsplatz eine Ressource oder einen Stressor darstellen, lässt sich anhand der drei Ebenen des Komforts abschätzen: physischer, funktionaler und psychischer Komfort. Ein solcher Ansatz soll helfen, “psychisch nachhaltige“ physikalische Raumbedingungen zu schaffen, die die psychischen Ressourcen der Nutzer schonen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird dieses neue Verständnis von Komfort mithilfe der zugrunde liegenden psychologischen Prozesse erklärt und am Beispiel der bauphysikalischen Variablen “Beleuchtung“ illustriert.Stressor or resourse? The significance of physical conditions and comfort exemplified by lighting conditions. In the era of knowledge work, high performance increasingly depends on mental and psychological factors like concentration, mood, and motivation. Physical conditions in offices can either constitute a stressor depleting concentration and fatiguing users, or an environmental resource facilitating work activities and satisfying user needs and, in turn, heightening engagement and mood at work. To what extent certain physical conditions at the workplace function as resources or as stressors can be estimated based on three levels of comfort: physical, functional, and psychological comfort. This approach aims at supporting the creation of “psychologically sustainable” physical conditions, which conserve the users’ psychological resources. In this article, this new understanding of comfort will be explained based on the underlying psychological processes and will be illustrated using the example of the physical variable of lighting.
Mesoporous Zirconium Phenylenesiliconate‐phosphonate Hybrids with Ordered Lamellar Nanostructures
Authors: Maeda Kazuyuki , Kobayashi Hiroki , Oguro Kaku , Otsu Masato , Kondo Atsushi , Maki Tei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNovel ordered lamellar mesostructure pZrPS‐2 was hydrothermally prepared by using zirconium propoxide and 4‐(EtO)2OPC6H4Si(OEt)3 (pPPS‐E), which was hydrolyzed to organic building units substituted with both siliconate and phosphonate groups, in the presence of CnTAB and TMAOH. The pZrPS‐2 materials were obtained at a Zr/PPS ratio of 2 or higher and the basal spacing was increased by using a longer‐chain surfactant (n=12–18). Removal of the occluded surfactants at 300 °C resulted in retention of the lamellar structure with negligible shrinkage of the interlayer distance. Nitrogen adsorption studies revealed the ordered mesoporous nature of pZrPS‐2 with a pore diameter of approximately 2 to 3 nm. The lamellar structure is assumed to be composed of layers that include zirconia‐based crystalline nanodomains and interlayer pillars mainly based on PPS units. Although lamellar structures with the same crystalline phase also formed when no surfactant was added or when the meta isomer of PPS was used, no mesoporous materials were obtained except pZrPS‐2. A possible schematic model to elucidate these results is also proposed.
Facile Synthesis of Trisubstituted Carbazoles by Acid‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Annulation of 2‐Amidodihydrofurans with Indoles
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Li Pan , Xia Chungu , Li Fuwei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA mild and convenient synthesis of carbazoles by TfOTMS (trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate)‐catalyzed ring‐opening annulation of 2‐amidodihydrofurans is presented with a high degree of chemoselectivity and regioselectivity. This procedure was also scaled up to a gram‐scale synthesis. The reaction could involve an iminonium intermediate through a series of CO, CN bond cleavages, CC bond formations, and a 1,2‐migration process.
A Simple Chiral Cu(II) Complex as an Effective Phase‐Transfer Catalyst for the Enantioselective Alkylation of Dissymmetric Glycinate Ketimines
Authors: Bafqiren Hanane , Zouihri Hafid , Gmouh Said , Jamal Eddine Jamal 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCatalytic asymmetric benzylation of a dissymmetric tert‐butylglycinate ketimine, incorporating 1‐naphthyl and phenyl groups as the Schiff base substituents, under phase‐transfer conditions was investigated. It was interesting to note that the sense of asymmetric induction of the alkylation of Z‐imine stereoisomer is opposite to that of the corresponding E stereoisomer with a similar degree of enantioselectivity. More interestingly, the chiral Cu(II) complex of the Schiff base derived from (R)‐2‐phenylglycinol and 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde was found to catalyze the same reaction under solid‐liquid conditions with comparable enantioselectivity (up to 60% ee) with respect to known cinchona alkaloid catalysts. The solvent/base‐system parameter was shown to control the optimal catalytic activity. Chirality 27:944–950, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of Synthesis Conditions on the Mesopore Distribution and Morphology Control of Hierarchical ZSM‐5 Zeolites Synthesized by Double‐Acyloxy Organosilane Surfactants
Authors: Han Jiaji , Liu Dongliang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA novel type of double‐acyloxy amphiphilic organosilanes with different alkyl chain lengths were synthesized as mesoporous templating agents to prepare mesoporous ZSM‐5 zeolites. The zeolites obtained had sponge‐like surfaces and variable morphology; mesopores of 4, 13, and 33 nm were constructed in the crystals without damaging their crystallinity. The H2O/Si ratio, Si/Algel ratio, and organosilane template content all had an influence on zeolite crystallinity and surface properties as indicated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physisorption analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, variation of the alkyl chain length of the organosilanes resulted in different zeolite crystal size, morphology, and pore‐size distribution.
Determination of the Relative Configuration of β‐Amino Acid Esters Based on Residual Dipolar Couplings
Authors: Niklas Thomas , Steinmetzger Christian , Liu Weiping , Zell Daniel , Stalke Dietmar , Ackermann Lutz , John Michael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractConfigurational and conformational characterization of two synthetic β‐amino acid esters comprising an indan motif was achieved by residual dipolar couplings. We further observed that the stability of Q factors upon addition of structural noise substantially facilitates the selection of the “correct” structure. The two analyzed compounds differ by a single methyl group, which leads to a remarkable conformational change.
Klinische Forschung: Jetzt ist die Politik gefragt
Authors: Bruckner‐Tuderman Leena Kaarina 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDie Universitätsmedizin steht vor enormen wissenschaftlichen und strukturellen Herausforderungen. Die Wissenschaft mit ihren Förderaktivitäten und die Klinika können die Probleme lindern, aber nicht grundsätzlich lösen. Notwendig ist eine Gesundheits‐ und Wissenschaftspolitik, die moderne Entwicklungen und veränderte Rahmenbedingungen gleichermaßen aufnimmt und danach handelt.