bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping Seed Phytic Acid Concentration and Iron Bioavailability in a Pea Recombinant Inbred Line Population
Authors: Shunmugam A. S. K. , Liu X. , Stonehouse R. , Tar'an B. , Bett K. E. , Sharpe A. G. , Warkentin T. D. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTPhytate, the storage form of P in seeds, is not well digested by monogastrics, thereby contributing to micronutrient deficiency, decreased feed efficiency, and environmental pollution. This research was aimed at developing a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based genetic linkage map and mapping genomic regions associated with phytic acid‐phosphorus (PA‐P) concentration using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (PR‐15) derived from a cross between a low phytate (low phytic acid [lpa]) mutant pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotype, 1‐2347‐144, and a normal phytate cultivar CDC Meadow. A total of 163 RILs were genotyped using a 1536‐SNP Illumina GoldenGate array. Three hundred and sixty‐seven polymorphic SNP markers ordered into seven linkage groups (LGs) were used to generate a linkage map with a total length of 437.2 cM. PR‐15 lines were grown in replicated field trails in Saskatoon and Rosthern, SK, in 2012 and 2013. Chi‐square statistics confirmed the single gene inheritance of PA‐P concentration in these RILs. Phytic acid‐phosphorus (PA‐P) phenotype was mapped to LG5. Iron bioavailability (FEBIO) of PR‐15 lines estimated using the Caco‐2 cell culture bioassay was negatively correlated with PA‐P concentration. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for FEBIO was mapped on to the same location on LG5 as phytic acid concentration. The QTL with a maximum LOD score of 15.1 explained 60.5% of the phenotypic variation in FEBIO. The markers flanking this QTL region can be employed in marker‐assisted selection to select pea lines with low phytate and greater Fe bioavailability.
Trend of tuberculosis and performance evaluation of new sputum positive tuberculosis from Satara district, India
Authors: Mohite RV , Mohite VR , Ganganahalli PG , Lale SV 
Published: February 2015

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has remained a major public health threat worldwide and considering this, Govt. of India declared TB as notifiable disease in year 2012. Objectives: To assess the trend of TB in Satara district, India and to evaluate outcome of new sputum positive TB cases registered under district Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective record based cross-sectional study was conducted in District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC), Satara district, Maharashtra, India during March 2013. All Registered TB cases under DTC from the year 2002 to 2012 were included as study subjects. The district RNTCP records since the year 2002-2012, for all TB cases were viewed and analyzed by investigator according to RNTCP outcome evaluation indicators. The trend of TB was statistically analyzed for the period of eleven years by using chi-square trend test.Results: Annual the total TB case detection rate was 117.94/ lakh for year 2002 which decreased to 98.30 / lakh for year 2012. The proportions of pulmonary TB cases decreased from 92.23% to 81.0% since year 2002 to 2012 whereas proportions of HIV-reactive TB cases increased from 3.11% to 25.3% since year 2009 to 2011.Proportions of male TB cases were almost the double of females; however child TB cases increased continuously with maximum TB cases belonged to pulmonary type. The proportional trend of New Sputum Positive (NSP) cases showed periodic fluctuations ranging from 34% to 50% since year 2002 to 2012. The performance of outcome evaluation indicators of NSP cases during evaluation period as viz., cure rate ranging from 79.91% to 87.02% with periodic fluctuations, sputum conversion rate continuously increased from 78.5% to 93.5%,treatment success rate ranging from 82.7% to 90% with apparent difference, whereas defaulter rate decreased from 7.5% to 3.8% by year 2011, treatment failure rate continuously decreased to 2.1% whereas Death rate ranging from 5.2% to 10.4%. The proportional trends of outcome evaluation indicators of NSP-TB cases showed statistically significant difference over period of year 2002 to 2012.Conclusion: Data indicates that TB is still big problem in rural area of western Maharashtra, India and need to strengthen the awareness programme about TB and involvement of private health sector to control the burden of TB. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11112 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 30-35
MDCT evaluation of coronary artery calcification in Nepalese population undergoing CT thorax examination for non-cardiac pathology
Authors: Gupta Mukesh Kumar , Rauniyar Raj Kumar , Pandey Naveen Kumar , Yadav Deepak Kumar 
Published: February 2015

Background:Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is frequently encountered as incidental findings during CT evaluation of thorax; however, little is known about its magnitude and association with atherosclerotic risk factors in Nepalese population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of incidental CAC in patients undergoing standard thoracic CT examination for non-cardiac pathology and to correlate it with risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis.Methods: A hospital based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 216 patients over 8 month duration. The coronary arteries were evaluated for calcification on 16-slice MDCT and the frequency of CAC was correlated with atherosclerotic risk factors viz. age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking and obesity.Results: Incidental CAC was seen in 72(33.3%) of total 216 patients. The rates of CAC below 40, 40-60 and above 60 years age group were 0%, 31.6% and 43.9% respectively. The frequency of CAC in male and female were 35% and 31.2% for all ages, 43.6% and 20% for 40-60 years group, and 35.2% and 61.1% for above 60 years age group respectively. The frequency of CAC was higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (47.5%), hypertension (42.3%), smoking (43%) and obesity (38.9%).Conclusion: Incidental CAC was seen in 33.3% of the patients and it had significant association with advancing age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and smoking. Rate of CAC was significantly higher in male for 40-60 years group but the frequency drastically increased in female for above 60 years group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11205 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 40-44
Maternal death audit- institutional based maternal death review in four major hospitals of Municipal Corporation of Delhi
Authors: Sinha Maruti , Venkatesh B.G. , Rani Rekha , Kaur Ramanjeet , Daral Rekha , Aggarwal Asha 
Published: February 2015

Objective : In India not much importance is still being given to Medical Audit & Death Audit which requires an in-depth analysis of maternal deaths with reference to the cause of death, ways in which the death could have been prevented and deficiencies in health care facilities. Methods: Audit was conducted by Facility BMDR approach, across the various Municipal Corporation of Delhi Hospitals namely, 980 bedded Hindu Rao Hospital, 450 bedded Kasturba Hospital, 250 bedded Swamy Dayanand Hospital and 97 bedded Girdhari Lal Maternity Hospital. Results: The total deliveries combing all hospitals was 113237 out of which 86859 were normal deliveries, 1572 deliveries were assisted forceps or vacuum deliveries and remaining 23403 patients underwent lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) . The total patients who lost life are 194. Out of 194 maternal deaths highest deaths are found in the age group of 20 to 24 i.e 74(38.1%) and almost similar pattern in the age group between 25 to 29 is 73(37.6%) and, maximum deaths (135-69.6%) were observed amongst women who were pregnant for the first time in their life,. Haemorrhage was the major cause of maternal deaths N=61(31.4%) hypertension N=25(12.9) and septicaemia N=24(24.4). 84(43.3%) cases were unstable at the time of admission. 72 (37.1%) cases haemoglobin percentage in blood was not documented and of the remaining only15(7.7%) had above 11 Hb%. Conclusion: Death Audit can become a continuous evolving process to create awareness in health care facilities regarding their deficiencies and scope for improvements which unfortunately is well below par and requires standardization along with a comprehensive policy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11237 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 67-75
Excessive crying due to erupting neonatal tooth: A case report
Authors: Mondal Monojit , Biswas Biswajit , Roy Atanu , Kumar Prashanth , Bose Sayan , Biswas Tanmoy , Banerji Nayan , Rana Kriti Sundar 
Published: February 2015

Tooth eruption normally starts from 6 months of age. Teeth that appear at birth are called natal teeth, whereas, teeth that erupt during the first month of life are called neonatal teeth. Both are uncommon, with the ratio of natal to neonatal is 3:1. Presence of neonatal teeth may lead to complication in mother like painful bitten or bleeding nipples or it may cause complications in babies like difficulty in feeding, pain/distress due to erupting tooth, swallowing of the tooth, repeated trauma to the tip or undersurface of the tongue resulting in Riga-Fede ulceration and rarely aspiration. We are presenting a 15-day-old male baby who admitted at our hospital primarily with excessive crying and poor feeding and on a thorough physical examination revealed an erupting neonatal tooth. Other causes of excessive crying have been excluded.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11241 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 87-88
New enterant in the class of uropathogens-Shewanella algae
Authors: Ostwal K , Shah P , Pathak S , Jadhav A , Shaikh N 
Published: February 2015

A 70 year old diabetic male presented with fever, urgency of micturition, oliguria, swelling over both legs. His midstream urine sample was sent for microbiological examination and it revealed Shewanella algae. Patient was treated with antibiotics and he recovered completely after treatment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11503 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 92-95
Physical Environment and Hygiene status at food service establishments in a tertiary care medical college campus in Delhi: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Boro Pallavi , Soyam Vishal C. , Anand Tanu , Kishore Jugal 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Food can be a potential source of infection and disease, right from the point of preparation to the point of consumption. It is more likely in the food service establishments where mass food is prepared.Objectives: To study the physical environment and hygiene status at food service establishments in a tertiary care teaching hospital in central Delhi. Materials and Methods: An observational cross sectional study was conducted from June-August, 2014 in medical college and associated hospital in Delhi using questionnaire to assess sanitation and environmental hygiene status. The checklist contained 12 categories with a maximum possible score of 139 for the vegetarian and 140 for the non-vegetarian food establishments. The classification of the establishments on the basis of score obtained is as follows: Grade 1 = 0-25%, Grade 2= 26-50%, Grade 3= 51-75%, Grade 4 = 76-100% Data analysis: The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: A total 13 food service establishments were included of which most (92.3 %) were operated on contractual basis. Majority (84.6 %) provided non-vegetarian food. None of the food handlers were given uniform to wear during their working hours. Few (15.2%) were using caps but those were not covering the entire hair.Conclusion: The conditions of the food establishments in the medical college campus are not of prescribed standard and needs improvement. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11533 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 76-79
Ghost cell odontogenic cyst : A rare case with literature review
Authors: Shivakumar B.N. , Reddy Santhosh , Nayak Barakha , Rathore Nehal 
Published: February 2015

Gorlin in 1962 described calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) for the first time as a separate entity. It is an odontogenic cyst with notable presence of histopathological features which contains a cystic lining demonstrating “Ghost” cells with a propensity to calcify. COC shows diversity of variants according to its clinical, histopathological & radiological characteristics. A case of calcifying odontogenic cyst is reported with its review of literature.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11586 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 83-86
Clinical evaluation of a sub-lingual vaccine for prevention of exacerbations in COPD
Authors: Nadig P.D. , Haran A. , Shetty M. 
Published: February 2015

Background: Lower airway bacterial infection is one of the major cause for exacerbation inCOPD. Multicomponent vaccines derived from the various causative pathogens are shownto prevent the exacerbations.Aims and Objectives: The present study was carried out toevaluate the effi cacy of sublingual vaccine (Ismigen) in preventing the exacerbations inCOPD and to observe its tolerability.Materials and Methods: Twenty four COPD patientsmeeting the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study. Ismigen was administered once aday sublingually for ten days a month for three consecutive months. They were observed over one year for exacerbations, hospitalisations, respiratory symptoms, lung function tests and adverse reactions. The mean scores of the parameters in the previous year were compared with that of the year following treatment. Students t test and Chi- square test were used for analysis. Results: The mean number of exacerbations reduced from 6.79±3.51 to 2.67±1.90 (p<0.001) and the mean number of hospitalisations from 2.29±1.85 to 0.67±0.87 (p<0.001). There was no significant change in the respiratory symptom score and lung function test. Mild non-serious adverse event was reported by one patient.Conclusion: The results indicated that Ismigen could be an effective and well-tolerated add on therapy in COPD to reduce the frequency and severity of exacerbations.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11634 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 51-54
Strengthening adverse drug reaction reporting in Nepal
Authors: Jha Nisha , Rathore Devendra Singh , Shankar Pathiyil Ravi , Gyawali Sudesh , Hassali Mohamed Azmi , Alshakka Mohammed , Alshammri Thamir M. 
Published: February 2015

Pharmacovigilance in Nepal is still in infancy. Till date only healthcare professionals are involved and the problem of underreporting is seen. The national pharmacovigilance centre is located in the national regulatory authority of Nepal, i.e. Department of Drug Administration (DDA). Lack of adequate human resources for managing the pharmacovigilance program in Nepal has been a limitation for the growth of pharmacovigilance activities. Currently, there is neither any involvement of community pharmacists in Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reporting process nor any involvement of consumers for the same. This paper reviews the current status of pharmacovigilance and mentions possible benefits of involving consumers or patients in the existing pharmacovigilance program. A systematic review were conducted by searching different databases like PubMed, Google scholar, EMBASE, NepJOL, and Scopus. This study also describes the role of healthcare professionals in ADR reporting, possible reasons for underreporting of ADRs, regulatory perspectives and benefits of involving consumers in pharmacovigilance. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11659Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 9-13
Glycaemic status is an important risk factor for the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Panwar Ajay , Kumar Pramod , Atam V. , Verma Neetu , Kumar Pradeep , Bairwa Shilpa 
Published: February 2015

Objective: To assess the frequency of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and correlation with HbA1C in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Patients and research methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care medical centre in north india.All patients of >30 to <60 years of age, who were newly(within a month) diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, according to world health organization(WHO)criteria and american diabetes association(ADA) recommendations,were included in the study. HbA1C was estimated from venous blood collected in ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid(EDTA) test tube, using boronate affinity chromatography (HPLC).Diabetic retinopathy was assessed by fundus examination using direct ophthalmoscope after dilatation of pupils.Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study(ETDRS) scale was used to assess the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Results: 28 % of the newly diagnosed cases were found to have diabetic retinopathy, of which 73.52% were of mild NPDR (non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy) and 26.47% were of moderate NPDR. Mean FPG of population with retinopathy was 194.05 ±29.82 mg/dl and that of population without retinopathy was 175.67 ± 27.71mg/dl. Mean HbA1C of population with retinopathy was 7.71±1.01%and that of population without retinopathy was 7.22 ± 0.74. Conclusions: Mild NPDR is the most common form of diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients. Study demonstrated a very significant positive correlation between level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and frequency of diabetic retinopathy in these cases. So, glycaemic status is an important risk factor for the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11745 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 36-39
Percutaneous closure of congenital coronary artery fistulae in 5 children: A single center experience
Authors: Yadav Shiv Kumar , Yi Qi-jian 
Published: February 2015

Background and Aim: Coronary artery fistulae (CAF) are rare anomalies. In this study, we have done percutaneous closure of CAF in children with three different devices; ventricle septal defect (VSD) occluder, patent ductus arterious (PDA) occluder and Cook coil.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients, admitted to our heart center inpatient department between September 2004 and April 2013, that had a percutaneous closure of CAF in our center, and evaluated outcomes of patients with CAF treated with cardiac catheterization.Results: A total of fi ve patients (3 females) ranged in age from7 months to 10 years with congenital CAF underwent percutaneous closure. The fistulae had origins from right coronary artery (RCA) and from left coronary artery (LCA) in 3 cases and 2 cases respectively. One RCA drained to right atrium and rest four drained to right ventricle. All 5 cases had a co ntinuous murmur. During closure, 2 fistulae closed with VSD occluder, 2 with PDA occluder & 1 with Cook coil. Percutaneous closure was successfully achieved in all the 5 patients. Follow-up studies showed that there was complete abolition without recanalization. No deaths occurred.Conclusion: Percutaneous closure of congenital CAF is very safe and effective in children with less complication and shorter hospital stay.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11786 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 45-50
CNS Complications of Systemic Malignancy amongst patients attending a Radiotherapy facility in Lagos
Authors: Popoola A.O. , Igwilo A.I. , Idowu O. , Ketiku K.K. , Duncan K.J.T. 
Published: February 2015

Introduction: The Central nervous system (CNS) is a frequent a site of relapse of systemic cancer. There are few data available in literature about the frequency and nature of symptomatic histopathological variants of secondary brain/spinal tumours drawn against the gender/age distribution in our environment. Objective: To study the frequency and manifestation of CNS involvement in patients with systemic cancer for a high index of suspicion so that practitioner will have highest index of suspicion to make early diagnosis and treatment in our environment.Material and methods: A total of 119 patients with histological confirmed cases of cancer with secondaries to the CNS, were analysed for this study. Results: CNS metastasis were more common in female (67%) than male (33%) p=0.047. Spinal cord metastasis is the most common type of neurological manifestation (66.9%) with p=0.011. Breast (60.5%) and prostate (21%) were the most common site of primary tumour. Neurological manifestations were mostly associated with advanced Stage tumours (54.9%) (p=0.000). Approximately half of the cases, 56 (54.9%) were presented at late stage (4). Neurological manifestation occurred <6 months (43.1%) after initial diagnosis of the primary tumour. Spinal/radicular pain was the most prevalent among the patients (43%). CT scan/MRI Imaging in (52.6%) and mode of treatment was radiotherapy (99%) of patients. Conclusion: Even though therapy is largely palliative, research should focus on enhancing the efficacy of whole brain radiotherapy and invest in the biosynthesis of synergistic new systemic agents that could also cross the BBB.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11805 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 55-60
Oestrogen Receptor Alpha and Progesterone Receptor in Uterus and Ovaries on Different Days of The Oestrus Cycle in Hyperthyroid Rats
Authors: Bozoglu Halil , Karaca Turan 
Published: February 2015

Background: The present study evaluated, in different oestrus cycle phases, the oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PgR) in rates with hyperthyroid ovaries and uterus.Materials and Methods: Sixty-four adult female wistar albino rats were used. Animals were randomly separated into eight different groups, four of which constituted the control group and the other four of which were the actual experimental group. Hyperthyroidism was induced by daily s.c. injection of L-thyroxine (L-T4, 250 µg/kg) for 21 days.Results: Hyperthyroidism induced decreased plasma TSH levels and increased plasma free T4 levels (P < 0.001). In addition, it increased plasma oestrogen levels in all cycle phases, and plasma progesterone levels increased in different cycle phases, excluding the oestrus phase, in rats (P < 0.01). By the end of the experiment, ERα percentages were decreased in oestrus days in uterine luminal epithelium; however, ERα percentages were increased in metoestrus phases in hyperthyroid rats. ERα was elevated in proestrus, metoestrus and dioestrus phases in the corpus luteum, and hyperthyroidism also increased ERα percentages in theca folliculi. In uterine luminal epithelium, the hyperthyroidism group showed higher expressions of PgR (P < 0.05) in oestrus and metoestrus phases and decreased oestrus phase compared to control rats.Conclusions: As a result, we conclude that both the levels of plasma estrogen and progesterone as well as the differences in the distributions of relevant receptors in ovarian and uterus tissues have an impact on female infertility due to hyperthyroidism. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11816 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 14-20