bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective near-infrared laser programming for shape-memory polymer–carbon nanotube composite material 4D printing
Authors: Li Honggeng , Chen Zhe , Yu Shouyi , Jian Bingcong , Yin Hanlin , Ge Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Light stimulation can realise the remote control of the deformation of the specific position of 4D printing structure. Shape-memory polymer–carbon nanotube (CNT) composite materials, with outstanding near-infrared photothermal conversion rate and shape-memory ability, is one type of the most popular light responsive smart materials. However, current studies focused on the photothermal effect and shape-memory applications of light-responsive shape-memory polymer composite (SMPC) sheet structures, and there is no research on the photothermal effect in the depth direction of light-responsive SMPC three-dimensional structures. Here, we prepared a UV curable, mechanically robust, and highly deformable shape-memory polymer (IBBA) as the matrix of light responsive SMPC. CNTs were added as photothermal conversion materials. We explore the photothermal effect of near-infrared laser on the surface and depth of IBBA–CNT composites cube. Shape-memory experiments show that different folded shapes can be obtained by selective near-infrared laser programming. Selective near-infrared laser programming three-dimensional movable type plate shows a programming application in depth direction of three-dimensional light-responsive intelligent structure. This research extends the application of near-infrared laser in 4D printing to the depth direction of intelligent structures, which will bring more complex and interesting 4D printing structures in the future.
QUOTATIONS OF LUCAN AND THE INDIRECT TRADITION: TEXTUAL NOTES ON THE BELLVM CIVILE
Authors: Barrière Florian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article deals with the contribution of the indirect tradition to establishing the text of Lucan's Bellum ciuile. First, the methodological basis for the use of quotations is outlined, and then five passages from the Bellum ciuile are discussed. The variant readings which appear in the indirect tradition constitute important points that have been wrongly neglected by most editors of Lucan's poem.
In vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of phage cocktail against Mammaliicoccus sciuri, a causative agent of bovine mastitis
Authors: Shahana Shirin Puthiya Maliyekkal , Chandran Archana , Surabhi Pathiyarathvalappill Subrahmanian , Rathish Ramachandran Latha , Rahila Mundakka Paramban 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this research paper the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of phage cocktail against the coagulase negative Mammaliicoccus sciuri was investigated. Three M. sciuri isolates obtained from clinical bovine mastitis samples were characterized and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacteriophages with lytic activity against M. sciuri isolates were isolated from dairy farm effluents. Two typical phages were isolated using standard enrichment and plaque assay techniques, purified by polyethylene glycol precipitation, and morphologically characterized based on shape and size using transmission electron microscopy. This was followed by determination of host range using spot tests and stability to varying temperature, pH and UV treatment. The phage cocktail suppressed bacterial activity within 30 min of exposure. Crystal violet assay showed that the tested phages and their cocktail significantly reduced the biofilm biomass of all three M. sciuri strains compared to the untreated control in vitro within 24 h with a single dosing. Transmission electron micrography of the purified phage particle revealed an icosahedral head and a rigid contractile tail, characteristic of the class Caudoviricetes. The findings open new avenues in phage-based antimicrobial approaches for controlling contagious and teat skin opportunistic bacteria causing bovine mastitis.
Identity Politics within Kentucky’s Civil Service and the Growth of the Bureaucratic State
Authors: Hood James Larry 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor five decades now the various levels of government in the United States, through the use of affirmative action and diversity policies, have sought a more racially and gender-wise equitable society with respect to equal employment opportunity. Governments established hiring goals for women and racial minorities. Goals became quotas as state and local governments (and private employers) that were dependent on federal money made certain that goals produced desired results by preferring people based on their race or gender. This article is a case study of how the Commonwealth’s welfare cabinet over two decades ago used long-standing civil service regulations and policies to pursue preferential employment practices while conterminously pursuing greater societal equity by reducing governmental oversight of welfare programs. All this foreshadowed President Biden’s iteration of affirmative action—federal equity directives regarding employment preferences and greater conditions of equality. After the events described herein, Democratic Kentucky transformed itself into a Republican state.
Learning and Knowledge Loss: Returning Antiquities from Fordham University to Italy
Authors: Gill David W. J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn May 2021 a group of 96 classical antiquities was seized from Fordham University where they had formed part of their museum collection. The seizure was directly linked to the investigation by US authorities of objects that had been handled by the dealer Edoardo Almagià. The Fordham material was dominated by objects derived from Italy: Apulian, Campanian, and Paestan figure-decorated pottery; red-on-white ware associated with Crustumerium in Lazio; and Etruscan pottery, architectural terracottas, and terracotta votives. The objects were all donated to Fordham by William D. Walsh and had largely been acquired at auctions or through a narrow group of Manhattan galleries.
A feasibility study on the implementation of head and neck adaptive radiotherapy. A single centre’s experience
Authors: Avgousti Raphaela , Antypas Christos , Armpilia Christina , Simopoulou Foteini , Liakouli Zoi , Karaiskos Pantelis , Kouloulias Vasileios , Zygogianni Anna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The purpose of the study is to measure anatomical and dosimetric changes experienced by patients with head and neck cancer undergoing intensity-modulated radiation therapy and evaluate the need for adaptive radiotherapy using predefined relative thresholds as benchmarks.

Methods:
This study involved 31 consecutive patients. Two computed tomography (CT) scans were utilized for initial treatment planning and a midpoint assessment. The study employed rigid registration and contour transfer techniques to apply primary dose calculation to midpoint CT, generating a hybrid plan, and an adaptive plan was generated on the midpoint CT.

Results:
The results revealed statistically significant volume reductions mainly in PTV70, PTV60 and PTV54 volumes. The volume of the parotid glands exhibited volumetric reductions in most of the patients. Hybrid plans demonstrated inferior dose coverage of the tumour regions, and comparisons between hybrid and adaptive plans showed significant variations in the maximum doses.

Conclusions:
Anatomical deviations necessitating a repeat CT scan, along with the application of a new immobilization mask, emerged as a primary rationale for replanning. Indicators that could potentially encompass a breach of 95% dose coverage for 95% of the tumour volume, maximum doses surpassing 50 Gy in the spinal cord and 59 Gy in the brainstem<>, as well as lateral neck displacement exceeding 1cm from the initial position act as benchmarks before implementing a replan.
Seamless Hourly Estimation of Negative Air Ion Concentrations: Integrating Hybrid Stacked Machine Learning Models With Kriging Spatiotemporal Augmentation
Authors: Liang Zhehao , Zeng Zhaoliang , Kada Martin , Luo Yanqing , Kaufhold Lilli , Xu LinSen , Gui Ke , Zhao Yan , Wang Yaqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNegative Air Ions (NAIs), essential for environmental and human health, facilitate air purification and offer antimicrobial benefits. Our study achieves hourly estimations of NAIs using a machine learning framework, developed from a multi‐layer selection pipeline of over 200 variables, to identify the key determinants critical for adapting to high‐resolution NAIs dynamics. Addressing site sparsity and NAIs volatility, we introduced a hybrid stacking incorporating pseudo sites generated from Kriging Spatiotemporal Augmentation (KSTA) to mitigate spatial overfitting. Our approach, validated in Zhejiang, China, demonstrates exceptional accuracy, achieving R2 values of 0.90 (sample‐based), 0.85 (temporal‐based), and 0.79 (site‐based). This work not only sheds light on NAIs behavior in relation to diurnal shifts, land use, and environmental events, but also integrates a health grading system, enhancing public health strategies through precise air quality assessment.
Light People: Prof. Juejun Hu, exploring the light
Authors: Sun Tingting 
Published: August 2024

EditorialProfessor Juejun Hu was admitted by Tsinghua University as top scorer in the science college entrance examination of Fujian Province. After graduating, he went to MIT to pursue further studies, where he continued to excel and became a faculty member. Each step of his journey has been marked by extraordinary achievements, setting a standard that few can match. Today, Prof. Hu is recognized as a leading expert in integrated photonics and optical materials. His pioneering research has not only advanced the frontiers of academia but also made significant impacts on industrial applications. In this interview, we invite you to delve into Prof. Hu’s research world, exploring his unique insights into technological innovation and how he uses the power of science to shape the future.
Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke diagnosed in infants receiving therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Gonzalez Fernando F. , Monsell Sarah E. , Cornet Marie-Coralie , Glass Hannah , Wisnowski Jessica , Mathur Amit , McKinstry Robert , Li Yi , Wu Tai-Wei , Mayock Dennis E. , Heagerty Patrick J. , Juul Sandra E. , Wu Yvonne W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Both perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) can present with neonatal encephalopathy. We hypothesized that among infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia, presence of PAIS is associated with a higher risk of seizures and a lower risk of persistent encephalopathy after rewarming.

Methods
We studied 473 infants with moderate or severe HIE enrolled in the HEAL Trial who received a brain MRI. We defined PAIS as focal ischemic infarct(s) within an arterial distribution, and HIE pattern of brain injury as central gray, peripheral watershed, or global injury. We compared the risk of seizures (clinically suspected or electrographic), and of an abnormal 5-day Sarnat exam, in infants with and without PAIS.

Results
PAIS was diagnosed in 21(4%) infants, most of whom (16/21, 76%) also had concurrent HIE pattern of brain injury. Infants with PAIS were more likely to have seizures (RR 2.4, CI 2.8–3.3) and persistent moderate or severe encephalopathy on 5-day Sarnat exam (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.9–3.4).

Conclusion
Among infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia, PAIS typically occurs with concurrent HIE pattern brain injury. The higher rate of encephalopathy after rewarming in infants with PAIS may be due to the frequent co-existence of PAIS and HIE patterns of injury.
Longitudinal assessment of established risk stratification models in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Authors: Zuern Kosima , Hielscher Thomas , Werly Annika , Breitkreutz Iris , Sauer Sandra , Raab Marc S. , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Mai Elias K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRisk of progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) into multiple myeloma and related plasma cell disorders can be determined by three major risk stratification models, namely Mayo2005, Sweden2014, and NCI2019. This retrospective study of 427 patients with MGUS diagnosed according to the 2014 International Myeloma Working Group criteria aimed to describe and analyze the longitudinal applicability of these risk models. In all three models, the majority of patients remained at their baseline risk group, whereas small numbers of patients migrated to a different risk group. Proportions of patients among risk groups remained stable over time (e.g. Mayo2005 model, low-risk group, at baseline: 43%, after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 years: 40%, 37%, 37%, 43%, 44%, and 43%). All three risk models reliably distinguished risk of progression at baseline, upon yearly reassessment (e.g. 1 year from diagnosis) and in time-dependent analyses. Upstaging to a high-risk category was associated with an increased risk of progression in all three models (Mayo2005: hazard ratio [HR] = 5.43, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.21–24.39, p = 0.027; Sweden2014: HR = 13.02, 95% CI 5.25–32.28, p < 0.001; NCI2019: HR = 5.85, 95% CI 2.49–13.74, p < 0.001). Our study shows that MGUS risk stratification models can be applied longitudinally to repeatedly determine and improve individual risk of progression. Patient migration to higher risk categories during follow up should prompt more frequent monitoring in clinical routine.
SREBP2 restricts osteoclast differentiation and activity by regulating IRF7 and limits inflammatory bone erosion
Authors: Kim Haemin , Choi In Ah , Umemoto Akio , Bae Seyeon , Kaneko Kaichi , Mizuno Masataka , Giannopoulou Eugenia , Pannellini Tania , Deng Liang , Park-Min Kyung-Hyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOsteoclasts are multinucleated bone-resorbing cells, and their formation is tightly regulated to prevent excessive bone loss. However, the mechanisms by which osteoclast formation is restricted remain incompletely determined. Here, we found that sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) functions as a negative regulator of osteoclast formation and inflammatory bone loss. Cholesterols and SREBP2, a key transcription factor for cholesterol biosynthesis, increased in the late phase of osteoclastogenesis. The ablation of SREBP2 in myeloid cells resulted in increased in vivo and in vitro osteoclastogenesis, leading to low bone mass. Moreover, deletion of SREBP2 accelerated inflammatory bone destruction in murine inflammatory osteolysis and arthritis models. SREBP2-mediated regulation of osteoclastogenesis is independent of its canonical function in cholesterol biosynthesis but is mediated, in part, by its downstream target, interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7). Taken together, our study highlights a previously undescribed role of the SREBP2-IRF7 regulatory circuit as a negative feedback loop in osteoclast differentiation and represents a novel mechanism to restrain pathological bone destruction.
Community assessment of methods to deconvolve cellular composition from bulk gene expression
Authors: White Brian S. , de Reyniès Aurélien , Newman Aaron M. , Waterfall Joshua J. , Lamb Andrew , Petitprez Florent , Lin Yating , Yu Rongshan , Guerrero-Gimenez Martin E. , Domanskyi Sergii , Monaco Gianni , Chung Verena , Banerjee Jineta , Derrick Daniel , Valdeolivas Alberto , Li Haojun , Xiao Xu , Wang Shun , Zheng Frank , Yang Wenxian , Catania Carlos A. , Lang Benjamin J. , Bertus Thomas J. , Piermarocchi Carlo , Caruso Francesca P. , Ceccarelli Michele , Yu Thomas , Guo Xindi , Bletz Julie , Coller John , Maecker Holden , Duault Caroline , Shokoohi Vida , Patel Shailja , Liliental Joanna E. , Simon Stockard ,   Tumor Deconvolution DREAM Challenge consortium, de Reyniès Aurélien , Jain Aashi , Mishra Shreya , Kumar Vibhor , Peng Jiajie , Han Lu , Otazu Gonzalo H. , Meadows Austin , Danaher Patrick J. , Jaakkola Maria K. , Elo Laura L. , Racle Julien , Gfeller David , Livne Dani , Efroni Sol , Snir Tom , Cast Oliver M. , Miller Martin L. , Couturier Dominique-Laurent , Chang Wennan , Cao Sha , Zhang Chi , Otto Dominik J. , Reiche Kristin , Kämpf Christoph , Rade Michael , Schimmelpfennig Carolin , Kreuz Markus , Scholz Alexander , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Heiser Laura M. , Guinney Justin , Gentles Andrew J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe evaluate deconvolution methods, which infer levels of immune infiltration from bulk expression of tumor samples, through a community-wide DREAM Challenge. We assess six published and 22 community-contributed methods using in vitro and in silico transcriptional profiles of admixed cancer and healthy immune cells. Several published methods predict most cell types well, though they either were not trained to evaluate all functional CD8+ T cell states or do so with low accuracy. Several community-contributed methods address this gap, including a deep learning-based approach, whose strong performance establishes the applicability of this paradigm to deconvolution. Despite being developed largely using immune cells from healthy tissues, deconvolution methods predict levels of tumor-derived immune cells well. Our admixed and purified transcriptional profiles will be a valuable resource for developing deconvolution methods, including in response to common challenges we observe across methods, such as sensitive identification of functional CD4+ T cell states.
Certified algorithms for equilibrium states of local quantum Hamiltonians
Authors: Fawzi Hamza , Fawzi Omar , Scalet Samuel O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPredicting observables in equilibrium states is a central yet notoriously hard question in quantum many-body systems. In the physically relevant thermodynamic limit, certain mathematical formulations of this task have even been shown to result in undecidable problems. Using a finite-size scaling of algorithms devised for finite systems often fails due to the lack of certified convergence bounds for this limit. In this work, we design certified algorithms for computing expectation values of observables in the equilibrium states of local quantum Hamiltonians, both at zero and positive temperature. Importantly, our algorithms output rigorous lower and upper bounds on these values. This allows us to show that expectation values of local observables can be approximated in finite time, contrasting related undecidability results. When the Hamiltonian is commuting on a 2-dimensional lattice, we prove fast convergence of the hierarchy at high temperature and as a result for a desired precision ε, local observables can be approximated by a convex optimization program of quasi-polynomial size in 1/ε.
Damage-programmable design of metamaterials achieving crack-resisting mechanisms seen in nature
Authors: Gao Zhenyang , Zhang Xiaolin , Wu Yi , Pham Minh-Son , Lu Yang , Xia Cunjuan , Wang Haowei , Wang Hongze 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe fracture behaviour of artificial metamaterials often leads to catastrophic failures with limited resistance to crack propagation. In contrast, natural materials such as bones and ceramics possess microstructures that give rise to spatially controllable crack path and toughened material resistance to crack advances. This study presents an approach that is inspired by nature’s strengthening mechanisms to develop a systematic design method enabling damage-programmable metamaterials with engineerable microfibers in the cells that can spatially program the micro-scale crack behaviour. Machine learning is applied to provide an effective design engine that accelerate the generation of damage-programmable cells that offer advanced toughening functionality such as crack bowing, crack deflection, and shielding seen in natural materials; and are optimised for a given programming of crack path. This paper shows that such toughening features effectively enable crack-resisting mechanisms on the basis of the crack tip interactions, crack shielding, crack bridging and synergistic combinations of these mechanisms, increasing up to 1,235% absorbed fracture energy in comparison to conventional metamaterials. The proposed approach can have broad implications in the design of damage-tolerant materials, and lightweight engineering systems where significant fracture resistances or highly programmable damages for high performances are sought after.
Why East Asian monsoon anomalies are more robust in post El Niño than in post La Niña summers
Authors: Zhang Pengcheng , Xie Shang-Ping , Kosaka Yu , Lutsko Nicholas J. , Okumura Yuko M. , Miyamoto Ayumu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) supplies vital rainfall for over one billion people. El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) markedly affects the EASM, but its impacts are more robust following El Niño than La Niña. Here, we show that this asymmetry arises from the asymmetry in ENSO evolution: though most El Niño events last for one year, La Niña events often persist for 2-3 years. In the summers between consecutive La Niña events, the concurrent La Niña opposes the delayed effect of the preceding winter La Niña on the EASM, causing a reduction in the magnitude and coherence of climate anomalies. Results from a large ensemble climate model experiment corroborate and strengthen the observational analysis with an order of magnitude increase in sample size. The apparent asymmetry in the impacts of the ENSO on the EASM can be reduced by considering the concurrent ENSO, in addition to the ENSO state in the preceding winter. This has important implications for seasonal climate forecasts.
Pharmacological investigation of new niclosamide-based isatin hybrids as antiproliferative, antioxidant, and apoptosis inducers
Authors: Omran Mervat M. , Kamal Mona M. , Ammar Yousry A. , Abusaif Moustafa S. , Ismail Magda M. F. , Mansour Heba H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA group of Niclosamide-linked isatin hybrids (Xo, X1, and X2) was created and examined using IR, 1HNMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. These hybrids' cytotoxicity, antioxidant, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis-inducing capabilities were identified. Using the SRB assay, their cytotoxicity against the human HCT-116, MCF-7, and HEPG-2 cancer cell lines, as well as VERO (African Green Monkey Kidney), was evaluated. Compound X1 was the most effective compound. In HCT-116 cells, compound X1 produced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, promoted cell death, and induced apoptosis through mitochondrial membrane potential breakdown in comparison to niclosamide and the control. Niclosamide and compound X1 reduced reactive oxygen species generation and modulated the gene expression of BAX, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and PAR-4 in comparison to the control. Docking modeling indicated their probable binding modalities with the XIAP BIR2 domain, which selectively binds caspase-3/7, and highlighted their structural drivers of activity for further optimization investigations. Computational in silico modeling of the new hybrids revealed that they presented acceptable physicochemical values as well as drug-like characteristics, which may introduce them as drug-like candidates. The study proved that compound X1 might be a novel candidate for the development of anticancer agents as it presents antiproliferative activity mediated by apoptosis.