bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die implikasies van die Handves van Menseregte op die pastorale versorging van die homoseksueel
Authors: Nagel Charlene , Dreyer T. F.J. 
Published: June 2013

Implications of the Bill of Human Rights for the counceling of homosexuals in the church. Section 8 of the Bill of Human Rigths places the problem surrounding homosexuality on the doorstep of the church. The Bill clearly gives more recognition to the homosexual than in the the past and gives him or her equal standing within society. The Bill implies that the homosexual has the freedom and right to practise his or her sexual preference within a normal society, and this right is protected by law. From a Reformed perspective homosexuality has been deemed unacceptable, in accordance with biblical guidelines, and as therefore not being acceptable within a relationship between the believer and God. Therefore it was naturally considered a duty of the church to council the homosexual towards change. Taking this into account, appdrently the view of the church is in conflict with the Bill of Human Rights. Thus the church has to review its responsibility and duty toward the homosexual in order to play an effective and responsible role in a new society.
Inspiration and the Texts of the Bible
Authors: Buchner Dirk 
Published: June 2013

This article seeks to explore what the inspired text of the Old Testament was as it existed for the New Testament authors, particularly for the author of the book of Hebrews. A quick look at the facts makes. it clear that there was, at the time, more than one 'inspired' text, among these were the Septuagint and the Masoretic Text 'to name but two'. The latter eventually gained ascendancy which is why it forms the basis of our translated Old Testament today. Yet we have to ask: what do we make of that other text that was the inspired Bible to the early Church, especially to the writer of the book of Hebrews, who ignored the Masoretic text? This article will take a brief look at some suggestions for a doctrine of inspiration that keeps up with the facts of Scripture. Allied to this, the article is something of a bibliographical study of recent developments in textual research following the discovery of the Dead Sea scrolls.
The significance of Calvin' s anthropology for preaching on ethical themes
Authors: Lategan L. O.K. 
Published: June 2013

In this article the author highlights Calvin's anthropology. A main feature of this anthropology is his dualistic view on man. Calvin was very much influenced by the ancient Greek philosophy, which argued that man had two parts: a superior soul and an inferior body. The author argues that this perception is at odds with a Biblical image of man. According to the Bible no part of man is inferior or superior to any other part of his personhood. The article indicates that a Biblical perspective on anthropology will draw different conclusions in ethics compared to a dualistic perception of the nature of man. A correct appreciation of the anthropology of man is therefore needed to guide decisions in ethics, where the focus is constantly anthropological.
Future Tasks of the International Calvin Research
Authors: Neuser W. H. 
Published: June 2013

With the word international, we think specifically of the worldwide research on Calvin. The term international also points to the international Calvin Congresses, of which, until now, six have been held. At the Congresses we try to combine the international research as well as to give a fresh impetus for research. The lectures of all the previous Congresses have been printed, with exception of the last Congress in Edinburgh, 1994, which is now being printed. The results of these Congresses are therefore easy to obtain - everyone can read them.The task leads to a double question:Which topics of Calvin research have been analysed and discussed succesfully until now? Which topics should urgently be researched in future?The first answer includes both a review of the previous six Congresses as well as a glance at recent Calvin literature; the second answer will be developed in the overview which follows, titled The future tasks of Calvin research.
Die Woord van God by Luther
Authors: Van Wyk J. W.C. 
Published: June 2013

Luther's understanding of the Word of God. This paper attempts to show that Martin Luther is much more than a great personality from the past. He is in fact an important theological father of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk. Our theology must be understood from the perspective of Luther's theology. A call is also made that theologians from the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk not turn their backs on Luther. This paper concentrates on Luther's understand-ing of the Word of God. It gives perspectives on historical developments in Luther's theology. It also disCusses the following themes: the Bible as the Word of God, the relationship between Old and New Testament, the relationship between law and gospel, the position of the pope and the role of experience in understanding the Word of God.
Spiritualiteit, identiteit en die etas van die Nederduitsch Hervarmde Kerk
Authors: Dreyer T. F.J. 
Published: June 2013

Spirituality, identity and the ethos of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk. Recent research emphasises the need to articulate the identity of the community of believers, especially amidst a period of transission. It also points to the fact that identity is closely linked with spirituality. The term 'ethos' is often used in this regard. This article is an attempt to outline the relationship and interdependence of these concepts. Even-tually, the results are applied to the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk, which, like other churches in South Africa, is being challenged to articulate the identity of its community in a transitional period.
J S Semler (1725-1791) se beskouing van geskiedenis, kerkgeskiedenis en heils-geskiedenis - 'n Verkenning
Authors: Pretorius Christo , Botha S. J. 
Published: June 2013

J S Semler's (1725-1791) view of history, church history and salvation history - An exploration. Johan Solomon Semler introduced a new understanding of Scripture through his view of history. This article tries to indicate that the scheme according to which he viewed history is one based on the distination between content and form. By means of this scheme, Semler endeavoured to reconcile faith and revelation with ideas from the Renaissance, Enlightenment and English Deism. Semler's premises were not just influenced by scholars like Leibnitz and Baumgarten, but his association with Pietism and Orthodoxy further contributed to the formation of his view of history. However, as a result of his premises, Semler surrendered church history and salvation history to the Enlightenment view of history. Church history and salvation history were consequently interpreted in terms of progress in the perfection of morality. Unaware of his own historical position, Semler subjected the contents of church history and salvation history to his own premises.
Die teodiseevraag: 'n Antwoord vanuit 'n pastorale perspektief
Authors: De Kock Petri , Koekemoer J. H. 
Published: June 2013

The problem of theodicy: An answer from a pastoral perspective. A fundamental aspect of the problem of theodicy is the experience of God's action as at times unfair, a perception at home espedally in a situation of human suffering. God's redemptive action in and through his Son Jesus Christ, however, opens a new perspective on this problem. In faith, God is not a distant God any more. He entered into the problematic situation of human suffering, bringing redemption to man.
Onaanvaarbare verskeidenheid in Galasiers: έκκλησία en συνγωγη<Sup>1<Sup>
Authors: Botma M. A. , Koekemoer J. H. , Van Aarde A. G. 
Published: June 2013

Unacceptable diversity in Galatians: έκκλησία and συνγωγη. This article proceeds from the thesis that the formula έν Χριστώ forms the basisof Pauline ecclesiology. To be "in Christ" means to participate in the "Sache Jesu". Participation also means that the believer becomes part of the church. From this thesis the problem of unity and diversity in Galatians is argued. According tot Galatians 2:1-14 it is clear that the "Sache Jesu" was interpreted in diverse ways. The diverse interpretations gave way to conflict between Christian parties. The Christians in Antioch did not follow the Jewish law. Their opponents however felt that it was imperative to hold to circumsicion and the Jewish law. Itis argued that the term έκκλησία was chosen against the term συνγωγη because of the latter term's affiliation with Christians who held to the Jewish law.
Die swyggebod van 1 Korintiers 14:34-35 weer eens onder die loep
Authors: Du Toit Andrie 
Published: June 2013

The taceat mulier of 1 Cor 14:34-35 revisited. Discussions of the role of women in the church's ministry, as well as feminist attacks on Paul, require that the debate on 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 should continue. The latest attempt to solve the clash between 1 Corinthians 11:2-16 and 14:34-35 by text-critical means is discussed and various harmonizing efforts are criticized. Also the expedient of putting the taceat in the mouth of an opposing party is found unconvincing. Paul's theology and especially his view of women in the ministry, indicate that 1 Corinthians 14:33b-36 should be viewed as a post-Pauline interpolation. The development of the different textual traditions was quite complex and includes various kinds of redactional activity. Ironical as it may seem, the identification of 1 Corinthians 33b-36 as a post-Pauline insertion brings us nearer to the original Pauline text than mere external text-critical considerations. However, the always imminent danger of subjectivity requires that this procedure be applied with great circumspection and only as a last option.
Die sintaktiese binding van μετάχαρᾶς in Kolossense 1: 11: 'n Strukturele motivering
Authors: Roberts J. H 
Published: June 2013

The sin tactical linkage of μετάχαρᾶς in Colossians 1: 11: A structural motivation. The study deals with the question whether μετάχαρᾶς in Colossians 1:11 is linked to what precedes or follows it. In trying to answer the question the motivations given for either choice are scrutinised while the use of the expression in the Septuagint and the rest of the New Testament is researched. On the basis of these considerations it is found that no conclusive case could be made for either choice. The focus of the study is then to show that a structural analysis of the prayer section might render a linkage to the preceding to be the more probable choice.
John the purifier: His immersion and his death
Authors: Chilton Bruce 
Published: June 2013

This article aims at arguing that John the Baptist's role in the Synoptic Gospels is both catechetical and christological. John points the way forward to believers' baptism after the manner of Jesus. John's preaching of repentance in Q is cast within the needs of Christian catechesis and addressed to hearers who are at the margins of Judaism. Likewise, the advice to relative prosperous converts in Luke 3:10-14 is not part of the 'historical John's message. In evaluating John the Baptist one should not consider his allegedly prophetic status but the fact that he immersed people and purified them.
Drie probleemareas in gebed: 'n Perspektiefvanuit die Nuwe Testament
Authors: Van Zyl Hermie C. 
Published: June 2013

Three problem areas in prayer: A perspective from the New Testament. Three problem areas that may cause prayer to be experienced as futile, are discussed. The areas are: the omniscience, will and omnipotence of God. Several texts in (primarily) the New Testament are treated. The article concludes that these areas do not lead to futility in prayer, but rather invite the believer to -through prayer - rest in the providence of God, and to share in his peculiar dealings with individual believers and the cosmos, dealings which are grounded in God's kindness.
Die godsdienshistoriese agtergrond van die Nuwe Testament: Kommentaar op 'n onlangse publikasie
Authors: Thom Johan C. 
Published: June 2013

The religio-historic background of the New Testament: Commentary on a recent publication. The religiohistoric background of the NT is of cardinal importance for its interpretation; however, it is far from easy for New Testament scholars to attain a thorough knowledge of this background. What is needed is not only a broad, general orientation, but also first-hand interaction with texts in which Graeco-Roman religious traditions themselves appear and are expressed. But available introductions are either too general or do not offer a satisfactory theoretical framework for understanding textual materials within context. Hans-Josef Klauck's recent introduction to the religio-historical context of the NT, by presenting not only an "external", theoretical but also an "intemal" perspective emanating from close interaction with the ancient texts themselves, satisfies to an exceptional degree the requirements mentioned above.
Monoteisme en geweld: 'n Perspektief op die standpunt van J Assmann
Authors: Breytenbach A. P.B. 
Published: June 2013

Monotheism and violence: A perspective on the position of J Assmann. The problem of monotheism and violence, as put forward by Assmann in a recent article "Monotheismus und Ikonoklasmus als politische Theologie", is addressed. Violence in a religious context more often than not emanates from a paradigm of exclusive monotheism. The origin of this kind of violence can be traced back to people in position of power who held the opinion that the truth was entrusted to them alone and that their enemies were also the enemies of their god. This also held true for interest groups in Judah. Old Testament literature promoting violence should be read critically within the broader context of books like Genesis, Ruth, Jonah and New Testament writings.
"Saam een liggaam" (1 Kor 10:17)-Deelname van kinders aan die nagmaal
Authors: Buitendag Johan 
Published: June 2013

"We are one body" (1 Cor 10:17) - Child participation in Holy Communion. The conclusion of the article is that Holy Communion should include infants. When the broader framework of theologizing happens to be the covellant, this possibility becomes an imperative. Children - together with others - were the outcasts of society. But Jesus reached out to these marginalized people and repaired their status. The author points out that the current practice of excluding children from the Table of our Lord dates back to the Fourth Lateran Council in 1115. This implied that little children, who have not attained the use of reason, are not of necessity obliged to be included in the sacramental communion. It seems as if Calvin accepted this practice of the church rather uncrincally. The most common argument used to exclude children from Holy Communion, namely that of testing oneself to discern the body of Christ, is based on a misunderstanding of the body of Christ. In this context of Corinthians, the expression is not meant to be the mystical body of Christ, but the real body as expressed by and in the congregation's gathering. And this body should not be torn apart.
The ritual of baptism as status-transformation
Authors: Van Staden Pieter 
Published: June 2013

The ritual of baptism as status-transformation. Rituals are social mechanisms that have the very important function of effecting transitions in social and/or religious roles and status. Such transitions can be both internal and external in nature. Rituals should be differentiated from ceremonies. The latter function to confirm the roles and issues of status in the institutions of family, politics, education, religion, and economics. Ritual is the mechanism by which role and status are changed in a valid way in order to ensure spiritual growth and strengthen the bond with the church. The purpose of the article is to comment on the apparent loss of experiential meaning associated with the ritual of baptism in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk, but probably also in most protestant churches that practice the ritual of infant baptism. The thesis is that infant baptism functions like a ceremony rather than a ritual the infant, not present at its own baptism in any real sense except physically, is never able to experience the affective and cognitive transition originally wrought by the ritual. Therefore, if the church does not introduce some measure to effect the bonding, the individual will always have trouble in identifying with the church.
Apokaliptiek en millennialisme: Die relevansie van die begrip "duisendjarige vredesryk" vir vandag
Authors: Groenewald Jonada 
Published: June 2013

Apocalypticism and millennialism: The relevance of the "thousand year reign" for today. With the turn of the century it once again became clear that apocalypticism and millennialism are important themes. At the dawn of a new millennium the expectancy arises that the end of the world is at hand. Apocalypticism deals with the end time and millennialism with the thousandyear reign. The purpose of this study is to look at the relevance of the "thousand year reign" for a postmodern person. The "thousand year reign ", described in Revelation 20:1-10, is a concept that originated in the premodern time. Since there is a difference between how a premodern and a postmodern person understands time, it is important first to understand what this theme meant for the first readers of Revelation and then asking the question as to the relevance of this theme for today.
Design and construction considerations for light steel structures
Authors: De Vos G. P.J. , Van Rensburg B. W.J. 
Published: June 2013

Many alternative structural systems have recently been proposed in South Africa in an attempt to reduce costs of lightweight steel structures. Most of these comprise premanufactured components which are bolted together on site. Large industrial type structures are usually constructed with hot-rolled steel profiles, so that, apart from the architect, a structural engineer, manufacturer and contractor would be required. As an alternative to these existing practices, this article proposes design and construction techniques that may reduce the cost of the structure and at the same time create employment for emerging contractors. The proposed construction method consists of the welding together of lightweight profiles on site. For the structure the following is proposed: short pile footings to provide partial fixidity to the structure, effective and lightweight compositions of cold-formed thin-walled profiles for structural elements, and stressed skin diaphragm design wherein the cladding, purlins and structural elements work together as one unit. Alternative portal frame configurations were analysed and designed to form larger structures, which indicates the versatility of the proposed construction concept. The article further illustrates that the utilization of the proposed construction method results in more economical structures and discusses applications of the principles on a number of real structures.
A review of the determination of the early bactericidal activity of various antituberculosis agents
Authors: Donald P. R. , Sirgel F. A. , Venter A. , Fourie P. B. , Parkin D. P. Parkin , Seifart H. I. , Van de Wal B. W. , Maritz J. S. 
Published: June 2013

The early bactericidal activity (EBA) of an antituberculosis agent is the daily decline in log10 colony forming units of M tuberculosis per ml of sputum during the first two days of treatment with the agent. It reflects the capacity of an agent to kill the actively metabolising organisms in tuberculosis lung cavities. It offers a relatively cheap means to evaluate the antituberculosis activity of an agent in a small group of patients within a matter of months. This article summarizes the authors’ experience in seven published EBA studies and identifies sources of variation in the procedure. The patients who participated in these studies had a mean age of 33 years, a mean weight of 50 kg and there was extensive or massive involvement of the lungs in 55% of patients. The highest EBA values (0,50-0,66) were found in groups of patients receiving isoniazid and the lowest values (0,05 and 0,09 respectively), in patients receiving the aminoglycosides amikacin and paromomycin in a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight. The variation in EBA in 248 patients was 0,0312 and the variation ascribable to the process of sputum production and collection was 0,0233. This implies that the different aspects of sputum production and collection involved in obtaining a representative sputum sample are responsible for most of the variation in EBA results. The selection of patients for inclusion in EBA studies and their ability to co-operate in producing a representative sputum specimen are of critical importance in the successful completion of EBA studies.
Steatohepatitic Hepatocellular Carcinoma, a Morphologic Indicator of Associated Metabolic Risk Factors: A Study From India
Authors: Jain Deepali , Nayak Nabeen C. , Kumaran Vinay , Saigal Sanjiv 
Published: June 2013

Context.—The common risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include persistent viral infection with either hepatitis B or C virus, alcohol abuse, hemochromatosis, and metabolic syndrome. Steatohepatitic (SH) HCC has been recently recognized as a special morphologic variant of HCC associated with metabolic risk factors.Objective.—To assess the SH pattern in HCC cases of various etiologies in Indian patients and to further correlate this morphology with the presence of metabolic risk factors.Design.—A total of 101 cases of HCC with various etiologies in explanted livers from adults were included in the study. Morphologic examination was performed to identify SH lesions within the tumor and in the nontumorous liver parenchyma. Correlation of nontumor and tumor SH morphology with clinically identifiable metabolic risk factors and with non-SH type of HCC was performed.Results.—The SH variant of HCC was identified in 19 livers (18.8%). Most SH-HCC cases were associated with metabolic risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemias. Comparison of SH-HCC with non–SH-HCC was statistically significant in terms of presence of metabolic risk factors.Conclusions.—Steatohepatitic morphology in HCC is frequent in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease–associated cirrhosis (P = .009) and is significantly associated with metabolic risk factors (P = .03). By recognizing SH pattern, one may predict associated metabolic diseases and determine the prognosis both in pretransplant and posttransplant patients.