bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Mifepristone plus Misoprostol with Misoprostol alone for First Trimester Medical Abortion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol
Authors: Shimels Tariku 
Published: July 2024

Objective: The objective of this review is to compare mifepristone plus misoprostol combined regimen with misoprostol alone in medical abortion of first trimester pregnancy.
Introduction: Original clinical trials have demonstrated that the combined mifepristone plus misoprostol has a marked effectiveness on first trimester abortion practices compared to the misoprostol alone regimen. However, there is no clear evidence if this effect holds consistent direction for all main outcomes and, whether subsequent complications or side effects are minimal or not. This review is intended to provide aggregated evidence for this question through comparison of the respective regimens based on findings from previous randomized control trial studies.
Inclusion criteria: Randomized control trials which compared mifepristone plus misoprostol with misoprostol alone for first trimester medical abortion and published in English language will be included in the review. Articles attempted to evaluate procedures and mechanisms of first trimester abortion other than mifepristone plus misoprostol combined regimen with misoprostol alone will be excluded.
Methods: An internet based search of different engines will be undertaken to identify articles on the proposed topic. Using text words contained in the titles and abstracts of relevant articles, a full search of PubMed/Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, WHO international clinical Trial registry platform and google scholar will be made. We used English based articles published earlier to April 2019 on human subjects as a search limit. Studies which fulfil the inclusion criteria will be selected, appraised and assessed for methodological quality by two independent reviewers. Data on participants, study methods, interventions, and outcomes will be abstracted. Included studies will be pooled for meta-analysis. Results will be reported in odds or risk ratio at 95% confidence interval.
Readiness of Health Facilities in Providing Antenatal Care Laboratory Tests and Satisfaction of Clients in Ethiopia
Authors: Abawollo Hailemariam Segni 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: For early identification of pregnancy complications and other problems that affect the outcomes of pregnancy, pregnant women need to receive laboratory tests during antenatal care. The provision of antenatal care laboratory tests is influenced by the availability and capacity of the support systems.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the readiness of health facilities in providing antenatal care laboratory tests and satisfaction of clients.
Methods: A health facility based cross-sectional study design was employed. Facility readiness was assessed in a sample of 205 health facilities and exit interview with 1,180 pregnant women.
Results: 199 facilities and 960 pregnant women were involved. The sampled facilities have fulfilled the minimum requirements including 67% for infrastructure, 67.2% for documents, 49.6% for equipment, and 76% for trained laboratory personnel. The average reagents stockout rate on the date of the visit was 29.6% with stockouts during the past thirty days being at 32% and the mean number of days stocks last for 93 days. The average availability of the laboratory tests was 84% with infrastructure (p=0.018) and equipment (p=0.000) being the significant predictors. The overall satisfaction rate with the services provided was 83.2%.
Conclusions: Readiness of health facilities to deliver antenatal care laboratory tests was low with acceptable client satisfaction rate. The identified gaps need to be addressed to ensure better quality antenatal care laboratory test services.
Key words: Laboratory test, Antenatal care laboratory tests, ANC laboratory tests, USAID, Transform: Primary Health Care.
Antenatal care service utilization among women who gave birth amid COVID-19 pandemic in Wollega Zone, West Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study
Authors: TURI EBISA , Tilahun Temesgen , Getachew Motuma , Tesfaye Tariku , Etana Belachew , Abdisa Eba , Olani Wolkite , Ewunetu Adisu , Fetensa Getahun , Rikitu Dufera , Tesfaye Edosa , Chego Melese , Fekadu Ginenus , Tolossa Tadesse 
Published: July 2024

Background: Starting from the day it was declared as an outbreak the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been observed in almost all countries and costing the lives of hundreds of thousands. The counter effect of preventive measurements is believed to affect the health of many vulnerable populations including pregnant mothers. Hence, this study was aimed to assess antenatal care service utilization and associated factors among women who gave birth amid the pandemic in West Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in selected districts of West Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Epi data version 3.1 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences window (SPSS) version 25.0 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was done.
Results: A total of 827 participants were involved in the study with a response rate of 97.87 %. The prevalence of antenatal cares service utilization among mothers who gave birth during the pandemic was 54.4 % with 95% (51.0, 57.6). Age of mother, residence, occupation of mother, educational level of the mother, fear related to spreading of COVID-19 in the community, fear of being infected, following government guidelines, using a facemask, covering face and mouth when coughing, and level of practice towards covid-19 prevention measures had a statistically significant association with antenatal cares service utilization.
Conclusion: The finding of the study revealed that there is a low antenatal care service utilization during the pandemic. Hence, health care providers should strengthen the integration of messages on COVID-19 prevention measures and health education with pregnancy risk, family planning and postnatal care. It is also advisable to start technology-based services to avert the transportation and related problems.
A Trend analysis of frozen embryo transfer at Alhikmah fertility center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Sewit 
Published: July 2024

Background: In recent years, the use of frozen embryo transfers in Artificial reproductive technology has gradually increased, owing to improvements in laboratory techniques such as vitrification and blastocyst culture making pregnancy rates approaching those of fresh transfer cycles.
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the pregnancy rate after frozen embryo transfer, analyze the clinical factors that can potentially influence the result of pregnancy and identify patients who could benefit from this approach.
Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study design was used to select patients that have undergone frozen embryo transfer from January 1, 2019- March 31, 2022 at Alhikmah fertility center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Baseline data and pregnancy rate was collected, computed with SPSS version 24 for statistical associations and presented with tables. The primary outcome was a positive pregnancy test defined as serum ?-HCG level of >10mIU/ml.
Result: A total of 180 frozen embryo transfers were done for 128 women over the study period and the pregnancy rate was 26.6%. The mean age of the patients was 31.88(± 5.04). Majority (45.3%) had tubal factor infertility. ? 13(median) oocytes were collected for 53.9%. A freeze-all technique was used in 46% of the patients and the rest had extra embryos. Age of the patient <35 and retrieval of oocytes above median had relation with positive pregnancy outcome. More importantly, freezing for risk of hyperstimulation and transfer of day 5embryos had a significant association with pregnancy with p-value <0.05.
Conclusion: From this study, we’ve seen promising pregnancy rate after frozen embryo transfer in patients with age group <35 and those having ?13 oocyte. In addition, we can conclude that freezing for women at risk of hyperstimulation and transferring day 5embryos leads to a positive pregnancy result. However, since this is a retrospective study, we suggest a prospective comparative study to be done in the future for better recommendation.
Key words: frozen embryo transfer, pregnancy rate, outcome predictors, assisted reproductive technology
Prevalence of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Admitted in Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegaye Setegn , Gure Tadesse , Adane Amlak , Arkew Mesay , Kenay Abera 
Published: July 2024

Background: Preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM) affects approximately 3% of all pregnancies and is responsible for one-third of all preterm births. Despite its contribution to maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, evidence on the burden of PPROM and its associated factors in the study area is scarce. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of PPROM and its associated factors among pregnant women at University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia from August 01 to 31, 2021.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 449 randomly selected preterm pregnancies admitted to the labor ward of Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized University Hospital. Data related to socio-demographic variables, obstetric and reproductive health conditions, and labor and related pregnancy outcomes were extracted from their medical records using a structured checklist. After checking for completeness, the data were entered into Epidata 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS 25. Factors associated with PPROM were identified using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression. Association was described using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI). P-value <0.05 in the final model was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Of 449 preterm pregnant women included in the study, 64 (14.3%; 95% CI:11.1% -17.5%) had PPROM. Preterm PROM was significantly associated with urinary tract infections (AOR=6.33; 95% CI:3.26-12.29), vaginal bleeding (AOR=2.62; 95% CI:1.23-5.57), history of abortion (AOR= 3.07; 95% CI:1.33-7.06) and mid upper arm circumference <23 (AOR=7.06; 95% CI: 4.02-12.43). A total of 3 (4.3%) stillbirth and 16 (22.9%) early neonatal deaths occurred corresponding with a gross perinatal mortality rate of 271 per 1000 births.
Conclusion: One in seven preterm pregnancies in eastern Ethiopia had PPROM. Urinary tract infection, vaginal bleeding, previous history of abortion, and undernutrition were associated with PPROM. Early screening and treatment of urinary tract infections and vaginal bleeding are essential to reduce the risk of PPROM.
Biochemical Pregnancy Outcomes among Day 3 Vs 5 Embryotransfer in the Fertility Reproductive Mecicine Center at Teritary Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mahtemsilassie Mintesnot , Wondafrash Mekitie , Negash Mustefa , Ansa Meseret 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: the burden of infertility is the worst in sub-Saharan countries with rare availability of assisted reproductive technology treatment and, even in the best set up where this service is available, generally it has a low implantation rate that could be partially explained by the days of embryo transferred after ovum pick up. however, the effects of a day of embryo transfer on pregnancy outcomes are an area of controversy in countries with advanced fertility treatment, on top of that we have very little research done on issues related to invitro fertilization
Objective: The aim of this study was to see the effect of the day of (D3 vs D 5) embryos transfer on biochemical pregnancy outcome in the first and the only public IVF center in Ethiopia
Method: it was a retrospective record review that was conducted in the center of fertility at saint Paul hospital millennium medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January 2021-December 2021 G.C. with a total sample size of 201
Result: During the study period there were a total of 201 clients who has undergone embryo transfer fulfilling the inclusion criteria(age less than 35, at least one embryo transferred is grade one, fresh transfer), 94 of them were day 5 embryos and 107 were day 3. Both groups are comparable in baseline characteristics including the mean age, duration of infertility, cause of infertility, method of sperm insemination, level of physician transferring the embryo, number of embryos transferred, and grade of embryo transferred. Biochemical pregnancy between day 3 and day 5 embryo transfer was similar in both groups 67 (62.6%) and 59 (62.8%) respectively (p=0.98). However, the chance of having twin pregnancy was higher among day 5 embryo transfer 19 sets of twin pregnancy (36%) compare to day 3 embryo transfer 10 sets of twin pregnancy (17%) with p =0.053.
Conclusion: In women aged less than 35 as long as we have available good quality embryos transferring day 3 embryo is an alternative option over blastocyst transfer with comparable biochemical pregnancy without increasing the chance of multiple pregnancies, this in turn decreases the risk of multiple pregnancies related complications. In addition, cleavage-stage embryo transfer carries fewer burdens and costs in a setup with low resources and busy environment and it has also low cost and stress on patients.
Keywords: day 5 and day 3 embryo transfer, Ethiopia, public IVF center, biochemical pregnancy
Incidence, associated factors and outcomes of antepartum hemorrhage at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Mekelle General Hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Hailu  , Girmatsion Fisseha  , Gelila Goba  , Hale Teka  , Sumeya Ahmed  , Yemane Awol 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The leading cause of maternal mortality in world is obstetric hemorrhage. Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is defined as bleeding from or into the genital tract after 28weeks of pregnancy and before delivery of the baby. Placenta previa and Abruptio placenta are the two major causes of antepartum hemorrhage worldwide including Ethiopia, and contribute significantly to obstetric hemorrhage which is the most common cause of maternal death in developing countries like Ethiopia. Hence, the present study is planned to assess the incidence, associated factors and outcomes of APH at ACSH and Mekelle general hospital.
Objective: To assess incidence, associated factors and outcomes of APH at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital and Mekelle general hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
Methodology: Hospital based prospective cross sectional (observational) was carried out at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital and Mekelle general hospital over a period of 6 months from February 01, 2018 to July 30, 2018 on all pregnant mothers who were admitted to labor and maternity ward with the diagnosis of antepartum hemorrhage.
Results: There were a total of 5368 deliveries in both Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital and Mekelle general hospital over a period of six months between February, 1/2018 to July, 30/2018. During this period, 192 mothers were diagnosed to have APH making incidence of 3.8 %. The major causes of APH were abruptio placenta in 89 (46.5 %) and placenta previa in 64 (33.3 %). Anemia and PPH were the main maternal complications, each accounting for 98(51 %) and 25 (13 %) respectively. There was one maternal death (0.5 %). Of the total 200 newborns, 26 (13 %) were stillbirth and there were 19 (9.5 %) of early neonatal deaths that died in the first seven days of life after admission to NICU making PMR of 22.5 %.
Conclusion: APH which is primarily caused by abruptio placenta and placenta previa significantly affects the maternal and perinatal outcomes ACSH and MGH compared to reports from other countries. Maternal address out of Mekelle, severe maternal anemia, and abruptio placenta are predictors of increased perinatal mortality.
Factors Affecting Knowledge of Emergency Contraception among Addis Ababa University Female Students, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mariye Yitbarek Fantahun , Fasil Nebiyou , Bisrat Mekedem Hailemariam , Weldetensaye Eskinder Kebede 
Published: July 2024

Background: The prevalence of unintended pregnancy is very high in Ethiopia and young and adolescents are one of the major groups that are affected by it. The lack of knowledge of emergency contraception methods is one of the contributing factors to the increasing prevalence of unintended pregnancy. In this study, we explored the level of awareness and the factors affecting the knowledge of one of the most vulnerable groups in our society, university students.
Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge as well as factors affecting Knowledge of emergency contraception among female students.
Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Addis Ababa University. The sample size calculated was 648. Data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire and data was entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics was performed to get frequency and percentages. Logistic regression and Chi-square analysis were used to identify predictors of the outcome variable.
Result: A total of 648 students were included in the study giving a response rate of 100%. Of all the respondents, 111 (17%) were sexually active, 439 (68%) have ever heard about and 158 (24.5%) have ever used emergency contraception methods. Of those respondents who ever heard of emergency contraceptive methods 265 (60%) (95% CI: 58%, 62%) were found to have good knowledge. The study has shown that field of study (AOR, 7.24; 95% CI: 4.103,12.772, P < 0.000) and every use of emergency contraceptive methods (AOR, 2.075; 95% CI: 1.234,3.490, P < 0.006) were significantly associated with having good knowledge of emergency contraceptive methods.
Conclusion and recommendation: The level of knowledge about emergency contraception is fair. This study showed, that faculty of study and every use of emergency contraception are found to have a significant association with good knowledge of emergency contraceptive methods. Even though the knowledge of the respondents is fair much has to be done to improve their knowledge of the different methods by preparing a reproductive health education lesson, especially for students in non-medical faculty who may have been unaddressed.
Pregnancy Outcomes In Obese Women Who Gave Birth During The Outbreak Of The Covid-19 And Before It
Authors: Dolati Sepideh , Farzad Leila , Goharinezhad Salime , Zarrati Mitra 
Published: July 2024

background: Due to its nature, the covid-19 disease can have adverse effects on pregnant mothers, fetuses and newborns.
Objective:Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate pregnancy outcomes in obese women who gave birth during the outbreak of the covid-19 and before it.
Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted on 444 obese pregnant women in two groups, before and during the outbreak of covid-19, and the outcomes of pregnancy and the role of covid-19 in their development have been investigated. The data were collected through online questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, logistic regression model and odds ratio analysis were performed.
Results: According to the independent t-test between the two groups, the average BMI in the two groups was 32.95 and 33.12, respectively. According to the obtained statistics (Pr (T > t) = 0.7076 and t = -0.5469), this difference was not significant. Also, corona-virus infection had no effect on pregnancy outcomes such as gestational vomiting, gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage and weight gain during pregnancy, but it increases the chances of urinary infections, need to cesarean section and premature delivery, although these increases were not significant.
Conclusion: Covid-19 can cause some consequences and outcomes, including premature birth, gestational diabetes, increased body mass index and other dangerous complications for pregnant mothers, fetuses or babies.
PERINATAL AND MATERNAL OUTCOME OF PREECLAMPSIA WITH SEVERITY FEATURE MANAGED EXPECTANTLY AT ST. PAUL’S HOSPITAL MILLENNIUM MEDICAL COLLEGE (SPHMMC), 2021, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA. A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kebede Birhanu , Solomon Ananaya , Abraham Tizita 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Background
Preeclampsia refers to the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive woman. It is labeled as Preeclampsia with severe features when one of the severity signs occurs. Worldwide, Preeclampsia occurs in up to 7.5 percent of pregnancies and 10 - 15 % of direct maternal deaths are associated with preeclampsia and eclampsia. Majority of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome occur in Preeclampsia with severe features and when Preeclampsia occurs remote from term ( ).
Objective
The main objective of this study was to determine the maternal and perinatal outcome of Preeclampsia with severe features managed expectantly at SPHMMC in one year period.
Materials and Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted. The study participants were selected consecutively by including all mothers admitted during the study period (January 2021 to December 2021 G.C.) with the diagnosis of Preeclampsia with severe features to SPHMMC that fulfill the inclusion criteria.
Data taken was, the patients chart and a direct patient interview using pre-tested & structured questionnaire. Collected data was entered in to Epi info version 7 & analysis was made through SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics, tables & figures was used to describe the study finding.
Result –the mean days of prolongation of pregnancy was 11.5 days with slight increment of maternal complication from expected proportion that completely resolved postpartum. The most common maternal complications were HELLP syndrome (15.1%) and abruptio placenta (7.2%). There were 21 perinatal deaths (08 still births and 13 neonatal deaths) that give perinatal mortality rates of 276 per 1000 live births. The rate of NICU admission was 66.7% and the neonatal survival to seventh day was 71.7%.
Only 66(90.4%) of the women were a good candidate for expectant management. Magnesium sulphate and steroid (dexamethasone) at admission was given 100% but 8.2% of the mothers didn’t get magnesium sulphate during intra partum and post partum period.
Conclusion / Recommendation - Proper selection of pregnant mothers with pre-eclampsia with severity feature and Close and frequent maternal and fetal surveillance during expectant management is associated with a good perinatal outcome without significant difference in maternal complication.
Key Words: pre-eclampsia ,Perinatal outcome, maternal complication.
PENGARUH NAUNGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT GAHARU (AquilariaMalaccensis) DI PERSEMAIAN JURUSAN KEHUTANAN, FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS PATTIMURA.
Authors: Hayani Hayani , Sahupala Andjela , Komul Yulianus 
Published: July 2024

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is a non-timber forest product commodity that has a high selling value. Indonesia is the largest agarwood producer in the world. By the end of 1990, Indonesia could produce more than 600 tons of agarwood annually. The research was carried out in the nursery of the Forestry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Patimura University. This research was carried out from February to May 2024 to determine the effect of shade on the growth of gaharu seedlings (Aquilaria malaccensis). The percentage of shade supports the growth of (Aquilaria malaccensis). The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments, namely no shade, 50% shade, 65% shade, and 75% shade. The research results show that gaharu seeds are a semi-tolerant type, or a type of gaharu tree that can grow in open and shaded areas.