bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, severity and etiology of dental wear in patients with eating disorders
Authors: Sales-Peres Sílvia Helena de Carvalho , Araújo Juliana J. , Marsicano Juliane A. , Santos José E. , Bastos José R. M. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, distribution and associated factors of dental wear among patients with eating disorders (EDs). Materials and Methods: An epidemiological cross-sectional survey was conducted by trained, calibrated examiners, using the dental wear index. The sample was composed of 30 patients with EDs (experimental group – G1) and 30 control patients without current or previous history of EDs (G2). A questionnaire was used to assess the etiological factors of dental wear. The univariate analyses using the Chi-square (χ
2) test were used to compare the tooth wear prevalence between groups according to the surface and tooth (P > 0.05). Results: The dental wear was similar for both group; however, the G1 presented more moderate wear in molars when compared with G2 (P = 0.048). The majority of EDs patients related have one or more oral habits (n = 26; 86.6%) and only 13.4% (n = 4) affirmed did not have oral habits. The etiological factors of tooth wear related with dental wear were biting objects (P = 0.04) and pain in temporomandibular disorders (P = 0.03). Conclusion: The highest prevalence of dental wear was observed in the molars teeth. Differences in the extent and pattern of dental wear were found in an individual, emphasized the relevance of clinical parameter.
Effect of citric acid irrigation on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots
Authors: Arslan Hakan , Barutcigil Cagatay , Karatas Ertugrul , Topcuoglu Huseyin Sinan , Yeter Kubra Yesildal , Ersoy Ibrahim , Ayrancı Leyla Benan 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of citric acid irrigation on root fracture in different concentrations and at various time exposures on root fracture. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight human mandibular incisors with similar dimensions were selected. The specimens were decoronated, then divided into 6 groups as follows: A group without instrumentation and filling (G1) and the 5 other groups with canal preparation and irrigation of distilled water (G2), 10% citric acid for 1 min (G3), 50% citric acid for 1 min (G4), 10% citric acid for 10 min (G5), and 50% citric acid for 10 min (G6). In the experimental groups, the canals were obturated and subjected to the strength test. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.05). Results: G6 showed the highest fracture resistance (629.97 N), and G3 showed the lowest fracture resistance (507.76 N). However, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that use of citric acid is safe in terms of fracture resistance.
Estimation of radiographic angles and distances in coronal part of mandibular molars: A study of panoramic radiographs using EMAGO software
Authors: Tsatsoulis Ioannis N. , Filippatos Christos G. , Floratos Spyros G. , Kontakiotis Evangelos G. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was designed to investigate radiographically the effects of age and external irritating stimuli on the morphology and thickness of the pulp chamber ceiling and floor in mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: A total of 234 panoramic radiographs were recruited and 494 mandibular molars were examined in this study. The sample was divided into six age groups: Group 1, <20 years; Group 2, 20-29 years; Group 3, 30-39 years; Group 4, 40-49 years; Group 5, 50-59 years and Group 6, >60 years. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups with regard to the tooth condition (intact or non-intact teeth). Four distances, two angles and two ratios were measured, in order to estimate the dimensions of the pulp chamber and the thickness of the pulp chamber ceiling and floor. Results: The thickness of the pulp chamber ceiling and floor increased significantly from Group 1 to 6. The pulp chamber floor angle presented progressive sharpness from Group 1 to 6 whereas the pulp chamber ceiling angle presented progressive bluntness from Group 1 to 5 and sharpness from Group 5 to 6. Significant differences were identified in the thickness of the pulp chamber ceiling, the thickness of the pulp chamber floor and the ceiling-floor distance between intact and non-intact teeth. Conclusion: Based on those results, there are differences in the location of secondary dentin formation between the two pulp chamber walls. Age is related to diminished pulp chamber size. The increase rate of the pulp chamber ceiling thickness is similar to that of the pulp chamber floor thickness. Furthermore, external irritating stimuli have an effect on the pulp chamber dimensional changes.
Evaluation of antibacterial effects of pulp capping agents with direct contact test method
Authors: Yalcin Muhammet , Arslan Ugur , Dundar Ayse 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Objectives: Calcium hydroxide has been used in dentistry as a major capping material having the capacity to introduce the formation of a mineralized dentin bridge, but it has no direct inducing effect to the pulp cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of three different pulp capping agents using a direct contact test (DCT). Materials and Methods: The antibacterial properties of three pulp capping agents were evaluated a DCT. For the DCT, wells (n = 12) of 96-microtiter plates were coated with the tested cements (Dycal, Dentsply, USA; DiaRoot BioAggregate, Diadent, Holland; Calcimol LC, Voco, Germany) and Kalzinol (zinc oxide/eugenol cement, Dentsply, USA) was used as control material. A Lactobacillus casei suspension was placed on the surface of each specimen for 1 h at 37°C. Bacterial growth was monitored for 16 h with a temperature-controlled microplate spectrophotometer. The kinetics of the outgrowth in each well were recorded continuously at 650 nm every 30 min. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison test. The level of significance was determined as P < 0.05. Results: All pulp capping agents showed an increase in the logarithmic growth rate of L. casei when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Therefore, all pulp capping agents did not show antibacterial activity. Conclusions: The tested pulp capping agents haven't got antibacterial properties. Therefore, they should be used carefully when pulp is exposed or only very thin dentin remained over the pulp to avoid bacterial contamination.
Clinicopathological study of jaw cysts in southeast region of Turkey
Authors: Demirkol Mehmet , Ege Bilal , Yanik Saim , Aras M. Hamdi , Ay Sinan 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze clinic and radiologic features and the prevalence of jaw cysts in southeast region of Turkey. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in 149 cysts of the jaw diagnosed among 407 individuals who were taken biopsy in our department from October 2008 to December 2012. All cysts were treated by enucleation, marsupialization, or combination, and all cases were histologically examined. Results: One-hundred-and-forty-eight cases were classified odontogenic, one was non-odontogenic. There were 89 cysts (59.7%) in men, 60 (40.3%) in women. The mean age was 32.72 years. We found 80 cysts (35 F, 45 M) in the maxillary and 69 (28 F, 41 M) in mandible. It is observed that 94 were radicular cysts (63%), 40 were dentigerous cysts (26.9%), 9 were odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) (6.1%), 5 were residual radicular cysts (3.4%), and 1 was nasopalatine cyst (0.6%). In radicular cysts, 56 of them (59.5%) were located in the anterior region of the jaws; 18 dentigerous cysts and 2 OKCs were found in the posterior region of mandible. Clinically, the chief complaint of patients was expansion and pain. Radiographically, scalloping of the lesion between the teeth was found in 1 case, root resorption was seen in 3 cases, and displacement of the teeth and follicles was observed in 16 cases. Conclusions: We found similar prevalence of jaw cysts that reported in the literature, in which most odontogenic cysts (OCs) were inflammatory origin.
An in vitro study to evaluate the effects of addition of zinc oxide to an orthodontic bonding agent
Authors: Jatania Archana , Shivalinga B. M. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study is to test the antimicrobial effect of zinc oxide when incorporated into an orthodontic bonding material and to check the effect of addition of zinc oxide on the shear bond strength of the bonding material. Materials and Methods: Zinc oxide was added to a resin modified light cure glass ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji Ortho LC GC America, Alsip, Ill) to make modified bonding agent containing 13% and 23.1% ZnO and the antimicrobial assay was done using agar disc diffusion method. Discs of the modified bonding agent were prepared and a culture of Streptococcus mutans mixed with soft agar was poured over it and incubated at 38°C for 48 h and zones of inhibition were measured. The test was repeated after a month to check the antimicrobial effect. In addition shear bond strength of the brackets bonded with the modified bonding agent was tested. Results: The agar disc showed zones of inhibition around the modified bonding agent and the antimicrobial activity was more when the concentration of ZnO was increased. The antimicrobial effect was present even after a month. The shear bond strength decreased as the concentration of ZnO increased. Conclusion: The incorporation of ZnO into a resin modified light cure GIC (Fuji Ortho LC GC America, Alsip, Ill) added antimicrobial property to the original compound.
Application of the novel method in the diagnosis and treatment of median rhomboid glossitis Candida-associated
Authors: Pili Francesca Maria Giovanna , Erriu Matteo , Piras Alessandra , Garau Valentino 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to demonstrate how current molecular techniques should be integrated in the diagnostic process and can have a crucial role in the management of oral fungal infections. A case of median rhomboid glossitis Candida-associated and its resolution will be described step by step. At the time of the first observation, the lesion on the surface of the tongue did not respond to the previous administration of topical antifungal agent, such a nystatin. Firstly, in order to identify the causative agent and confirm Candida albicans infection, a brushing of the lesion was performed and polymerase chain reaction analysis was carried out. In addition, deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing method, known as Pyrosequencing®, was used in the detection of point mutations commonly associated with fluconazole resistance and consequently, in the prediction of susceptibility to azole agents. According to molecular findings, the administration of fluconazole has therefore led to resolution of the case in 2 weeks. This case highlights how the use of molecular techniques, now-a-days, can assist the clinicians to quickly obtain the report with highly accurate and precise results and appropriately support them in the diagnosis and therapeutic process.
Three-dimensional imaging techniques: A literature review
Authors: Karatas Orhan Hakki , Toy Ebubekir 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTImaging is one of the most important tools for orthodontists to evaluate and record size and form of craniofacial structures. Orthodontists routinely use 2-dimensional (2D) static imaging techniques, but deepness of structures cannot be obtained and localized with 2D imaging. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging has been developed in the early of 1990’s and has gained a precious place in dentistry, especially in orthodontics. The aims of this literature review are to summarize the current state of the 3D imaging techniques and to evaluate the applications in orthodontics.
Development and Use of IgM/J‐Chain Fusion Proteins for Characterization of Immunoglobulin Superfamily Ligand‐Receptor Interactions
Authors: Ammann Johannes U. , Trowsdale John 
Published: February 2014

AbstractDiscovery of binding partners for immunoglobulin molecules expressed by cells of the immune system is an important topic of current research. However, many ligand‐receptor interactions are of low affinity, and hence detection is refractory to most established protocols. We evaluated fusion proteins based on human IgM as high avidity probes to screen for ligand‐receptor binding. We describe methods for cloning, expression, and quantification of IgM fusion proteins with J‐chain. Furthermore, we outline protocols to assess binding of IgM fusion proteins to cells and to plate‐bound proteins. Compared to standard IgG‐fusion proteins, IgM + J chain increased binding of a test interaction, PD‐L1 to PD‐1, up to 1000‐fold. Curr. Protoc. Protein Sci. 75:19.24.1‐19.24.11. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Protein Profiling Using Two‐Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis (2‐D DIGE)
Authors: Feret Renata , Lilley Kathryn S. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract2‐D DIGE relies on pre‐electrophoretic labeling of samples with one of three spectrally distinct fluorescent dyes, followed by electrophoresis of all samples in one 2‐D gel. The dye‐labeled samples are then viewed individually by scanning the gel at different wavelengths, which circumvents problems with gel‐to‐gel variation and spot matching between gels. Image analysis programs are used to generate volume ratios for each spot, which essentially describe the intensity of a particular spot in each test sample, and thus enable protein abundance level changes to be identified and quantified. This unit describes the 2‐D DIGE procedure including sample preparation from various cell types, labeling of proteins, and points to consider in the downstream processing of fluorescently labeled samples. Curr. Protoc. Protein Sci. 75:22.2.1‐22.2.17. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Global assessment of ocean carbon export by combining satellite observations and food‐web models
Authors: Siegel D. A. , Buesseler K. O. , Doney S. C. , Sailley S. F. , Behrenfeld M. J. , Boyd P. W. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe export of organic carbon from the surface ocean by sinking particles is an important, yet highly uncertain, component of the global carbon cycle. Here we introduce a mechanistic assessment of the global ocean carbon export using satellite observations, including determinations of net primary production and the slope of the particle size spectrum, to drive a food‐web model that estimates the production of sinking zooplankton feces and algal aggregates comprising the sinking particle flux at the base of the euphotic zone. The synthesis of observations and models reveals fundamentally different and ecologically consistent regional‐scale patterns in export and export efficiency not found in previous global carbon export assessments. The model reproduces regional‐scale particle export field observations and predicts a climatological mean global carbon export from the euphotic zone of ~6 Pg C yr−1. Global export estimates show small variation (typically < 10%) to factor of 2 changes in model parameter values. The model is also robust to the choices of the satellite data products used and enables interannual changes to be quantified. The present synthesis of observations and models provides a path for quantifying the ocean's biological pump.
Geophysical signatures of past and present hydration within a young oceanic core complex
Authors: Blackman Donna K. , Slagle Angela , Guerin Gilles , Harding Alistair 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBorehole logging at the Atlantis Massif oceanic core complex provides new information on the relationship between the physical properties and the lithospheric hydration of a slow‐spread intrusive crustal section. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Hole U1309D penetrates 1.4 km into the footwall to an exposed detachment fault on the 1.2 Ma flank of the mid‐Atlantic Ridge, 30°N. Downhole variations in seismic velocity and resistivity show a strong correspondence to the degree of alteration, a recorder of past seawater circulation. Average velocity and resistivity are lower, and alteration is more pervasive above a fault around 750 m. Deeper, these properties have higher values except in heavily altered ultramafic zones that are several tens of meters thick. Present circulation inferred from temperature mimics this pattern: advective cooling persists above 750 m, but below, conductive cooling dominates except for small excursions within the ultramafic zones. These alteration‐related physical property signatures are probably a characteristic of gabbroic cores at oceanic core complexes.
Amine‐Tunable Ruthenium Catalysts for Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones
Authors: Rodríguez Sonia , Qu Bo , Fandrick Keith R. , Buono Frederic , Haddad Nizar , Xu Yibo , Herbage Melissa A. , Zeng Xingzhong , Ma Shengli , Grinberg Nelu , Lee Heewon , Han Zhengxu S. , Yee Nathan K. , Senanayake Chris H. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA series of efficient ruthenium catalysts has been developed for the asymmetric hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation of ketones with high reactivities and selectivities. The new chiral bisdihydrobenzooxaphosphole (BIBOP)/diamine‐ruthenium complexes catalyzed the enantioselective hydrogenation of substrates such as aryl and heteroaryl cyclic and alkyl ketones with substrate/catalyst (S/C) ratios of up to 100,000. The opposite sense of enantioselectivity can be obtained by proper selection of a diamine with a given chirality of the phosphine. The usefulness of the new system has been demonstrated in the asymmetric hydrogenation of a complex synthetic intermediate towards cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors at S/C 20,000 on large‐scale operation.magnified image
Synthesis of 4‐Aminoxanthones by an Uncatalyzed, Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Bornadiego Ana , Díaz Jesús , Marcos Carlos F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of xanthones via a multicomponent reaction of isocyanides is described for the first time. In this one‐pot process, a tandem [4+1] plus [4+2] cycloaddition leads to polysubstituted 4‐aminoxanthones in excellent to quantitative yields at room temperature in a non‐catalyzed reaction.magnified image
On the Involvement of a Spiroepoxide Intermediate in N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)‐Catalyzed Benzoin Condensations – An Approach by Oxygenation of Deoxy‐Breslow Intermediates
Authors: Berkessel Albrecht , Elfert Silvia 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe involvement of a spiroepoxide, an isomer of the Breslow intermediate, in the catalytic cycle of the N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐catalyzed benzoin condensation was suggested by S. Gronert in 2007, based on calculations. To test this hypothesis, enediamines were generated in situ from (in part 13C‐labeled) N‐heterocyclic carbenes, benzyl bromide and base, and subsequently treated with various single‐oxygen atom oxidants. Clean oxidation occurred with a triazolylidene‐derived enediamine and an N‐sulfonyloxaziridine as oxidant, but NMR monitoring gave no hint to the accumulation of a spiroepoxide. Instead, oxidative cleavage of the enediamine to the free carbene and benzaldehyde was observed, with subsequent oxidation of the carbene to a urea. Presumably, electrophilic oxygenation of the enediamine occurs at the exocyclic methylene carbon atom and affords a zwitterion – identical to the primary carbene‐aldehyde adduct of the benzoin cycle – which undergoes retro‐cleavage to carbene and aldehyde. However, the occurrence of a spiroepoxide as transient intermediate of the oxidative CC bond cleavage cannot rigorously be excluded.magnified image
Palladium‐Catalyzed [2+2+1] Oxidative Annulation of 4‐Hydroxycoumarins with Unactivated Internal Alkynes: Access to Spiro Cyclopentadiene‐Chroman‐2,4‐dione Complexes
Authors: Peng Shiyong , Gao Tao , Sun Shaofa , Peng Yanhong , Wu Minghu , Guo Haibing , Wang Jian 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHerein, we report our new results regarding a palladium‐catalyzed [2+2+1] oxidative annulation of 4‐hydroxycoumarins with unactivated internal alkynes, which affords a new class of compounds: the spiro cyclopentadiene‐chroman‐2,4‐diones.magnified image
Cobalt‐Catalyzed C‐4 Selective Alkylation of Quinolines
Authors: Yamamoto Shohei , Saga Yutaka , Andou Takashi , Matsunaga Shigeki , Kanai Motomu 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe cobalt‐catalyzed direct C‐4 selective alkylation of quinolines is described. The reaction conditions used previously for pyridines were fully modified to achieve C‐4 selectivity in quinoline alkylation. Cobalt(II) acetate [Co(OAc)2] (2–4 mol%) in combination with butyllithium (BuLi) and pyridine was best, and C‐4 alkylation proceeded in 54–95% yield with C‐4/C‐2=>20:1–2.5:1 and branched/linear=>20:1 selectivity.magnified image
Visible Light Photoredox Catalyzed Cascade Cyclizations of α‐Bromochalcones or α‐Bromocinnamates with Heteroarenes
Authors: Paria Suva , Reiser Oliver 
Published: February 2014

AbstractVinyl radicals were generated from α‐bromochalcones or α‐bromocinnamate ethyl ester under visible light photoredox catalyzed conditions via an oxidative quenching cycle of the iridium complex [Ir{dF(CF3)ppy}2(dtbbpy)]PF6 and subjected to cascade cyclizations with heteroarenes entailing two consecutive CC bond formations and three CH activations. The process is amenable to furans, benzofurans, pyrroles, and indoles, giving rise to a broad variety of novel polycyclic frameworks in high yields under mild and environmentally benign reaction conditions.magnified image
Direct Synthesis of 1,4‐Diols from Alkenes by Iron‐Catalyzed Aerobic Hydration and CH Hydroxylation
Authors: Hashimoto Takuma , Hirose Daisuke , Taniguchi Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2014

AbstractVarious 1,4‐diols are easily accessible from alkenes through iron‐catalyzed aerobic hydration. The reaction system consists of a user‐friendly iron phthalocyanine complex, sodium borohydride, and molecular oxygen. Furthermore, the effect of additional ligands on the iron complex was examined for a model reaction. The second hydroxy group is installed by direct C(sp3)H oxygenation, which is based on a [1,5] hydrogen shift process of a transient alkoxy radical that is formed by formal hydration of the olefin.
Preparation and properties of high performance phthalide‐containing bismaleimide reinforced polydicyclopentadiene
Authors: Hu Fangyuan , Du Jie , Ou Tao , Zheng Yubin 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTA series of phenolphthalein‐containing bismaleimide (PPBMI) reinforced polydicyclopentadiene blends (PPBMI/polyDCPD) were prepared via the ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of DCPD in the presence of PPBMI. The crosslinked networks between PPBMI and polyDCPD backbones resulted in the reinforced structures. The curing behavior, thermal, and mechanical properties were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry investigations showed the samples exhibit similar singular exothermic peak, and the exothermic peak of the PPBMI/polyDCPD blends slightly shifted to a lower temperature direction compared with the unfilled polyDCPD, meanwhile, the exothermic peak of the PPBMI/polyDCPD blends slightly shifts back to a higher temperature direction with the PPBMI content increased. Both dynamic mechanical analysis and thermo gravimetric analysis measurements revealed the optimal thermal performance of PPBMI/polyDCPD was obtained with 20 wt % loading of PPBMI. In addition, while PPBMI content increased, the weight loss peak at 100–200°C disappeared and the temperature of maximum rate of decomposition (Td,max) increased. Moreover, bending tests showed the best mechanical performance was achieved at 5 wt % loading of PPBMI in blends. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40474.