bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolución de la femme fatale en Cautivo del deseo: de la tentación y la humillación a la locura y la muerte
Authors: Visa Barbosa Mariona 
Published: July 2015

En este artículo se analiza la evolución del personaje femenino en la película Cautivo del deseo (Of human boundage, John Cromwell, 1934), interpretada por Bette Davis y Leslie Howard. La mujer protagonista de la historia encarna el papel de una típica femme fatale, que pasa por diferentes estadios a lo largo de la película, los cuales son analizados en detalle en este artículo. Aparece en un principio de forma discreta y positiva para ir poco a poco transformándose en una mujer fría que humilla al protagonista masculino constantemente. Finalmente, como en otros finales de películas del cine negro anterior a la II Guerra Mundial, su personaje es castigado por los guionistas, refugiándola en la locura para llevarla finalmente a la muerte. Por el contrario, el personaje masculino encarna el arquetipo de un anti-héroe que será transformado positivamente al final de la historia. En este texto se estudia la evolución de los dos protagonistas de la película y en concreto la forma en que se representa la mujer como femme fatale en las diferentes fases de la historia,. El análisis parte de una metodología narrativa y aplica los postulados de las estructuras antropológicas del imaginario introducidas por Gilbert Durand en los años 60.
Uso de las nuevas tecnologías por las personas mayores en una localidad rural
Authors: Matellanes-Lazo Mónica 
Published: July 2015

Con este artículo, se pretende realizar una visión de las posibilidades que ofrecen las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación para el aprendizaje, concretamente para su uso por las personas mayores, entendiendo que nos encontramos ante unos medios y canales de uso y disfrute exclusivo por los jóvenes, como se viene pensando desde diferentes instancias. Máxime, si tenemos en cuenta que cada vez nos encontramos con un número mayor de personas mayores que deciden dar respuesta a interrogantes o ambiciones, que por algún motivo, no han podido ser resueltas en épocas anteriores de su vida.Los últimos avances en Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación ofrecen a los casi 8 millones de españoles que superan los 65 años, soluciones que les ayudan a permanecer activos socialmente. Para ello se ha realizado un breve cuestionario descriptivo para la obtención de los objetivos marcados. Los resultados aportan un bajo y ligero uso y crecimiento de Internet y de las nuevas tecnologías en una población rural llamada Cabezón de Pisuerga de la provincia de Valladolid.
La gente mayor como sujeto y objeto de la televisión. El estudio en Andalucía
Authors: Olmo López Agustín , Navarro Moreno José Antonio 
Published: July 2015

Este trabajo trata de desvelar la doble relación que existe entre las personas mayores y la televisión. Se da por supuesto que son unos grandes consumidores de la misma, puesto que la televisión juega un papel importante en su tiempo libre, pero está menos analizado cómo y cuánto aparece la tercera edad como objeto de una noticia. Así, nos hemos centrado en buscar los programas informativos de una televisión concreta, en este caso la de Andalucía, durante una temporada completa para fijarnos cuántas veces aparecen y cuál ha sido el contenido de los temas en que intervienen. Así hemos visto que son poco tratados, menos de lo que cuantitativamente significa este grupo de edad en la población, y hemos detallado los temas en que son más recogidos. Vemos que en los programas diarios se centran más en su relación con asuntos derivados de la política, mientras que en los programas no diarios, son más utilizados como sujetos activos
The Genetic Basis of Composite Spike Form in Barley and ‘Miracle-Wheat’
Authors: Poursarebani Naser , Seidensticker Tina , Koppolu Ravi , Trautewig Corinna , Gawroński Piotr , Bini Federica , Govind Geetha , Rutten Twan , Sakuma Shun , Tagiri Akemi , Wolde Gizaw M , Youssef Helmy M , Battal Abdulhamit , Ciannamea Stefano , Fusca Tiziana , Nussbaumer Thomas , Pozzi Carlo , Börner Andreas , Lundqvist Udda , Komatsuda Takao , Salvi Silvio , Tuberosa Roberto , Uauy Cristobal , Sreenivasulu Nese , Rossini Laura , Schnurbusch Thorsten 
Published: July 2015

AbstractInflorescences of the tribe Triticeae, which includes wheat (Triticum sp. L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are characterized by sessile spikelets directly borne on the main axis, thus forming a branchless spike. ‘Compositum-Barley’ and tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat’ (T. turgidum convar. compositum (L.f.) Filat.) display noncanonical spike-branching in which spikelets are replaced by lateral branch-like structures resembling small-sized secondary spikes. As a result of this branch formation ‘Miracle-Wheat’ produces significantly more grains per spike, leading to higher spike yield. In this study, we first isolated the gene underlying spike-branching in ‘Compositum-Barley,’ i.e., compositum 2 (com2). Moreover, we found that COM2 is orthologous to the branched headt (bht) locus regulating spike branching in tetraploid ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ Both genes possess orthologs with similar functions in maize BRANCHED SILKLESS 1 (BD1) and rice FRIZZY PANICLE/BRANCHED FLORETLESS 1 (FZP/BFL1) encoding AP2/ERF transcription factors. Sequence analysis of the bht locus in a collection of mutant and wild-type tetraploid wheat accessions revealed that a single amino acid substitution in the DNA-binding domain gave rise to the domestication of ‘Miracle-Wheat.’ mRNA in situ hybridization, microarray experiments, and independent qRT-PCR validation analyses revealed that the branch repression pathway in barley is governed through the spike architecture gene Six-rowed spike 4 regulating COM2 expression, while HvIDS1 (barley ortholog of maize INDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1) is a putative downstream target of COM2. These findings presented here provide new insights into the genetic basis of spike architecture in Triticeae, and have disclosed new targets for genetic manipulations aiming at boosting wheat’s yield potential.
Reflexiones de los volcanólogos sobre su papel profesional en la gestión del riesgo volcánico en el contexto de América Latina
Authors: Ferrés Dolores , Escobar Rudiger P. , Bowman Luke 
Published: July 2015

<span>Las fortalezas y problemáticas comunes de los volcanólogos en los diversos roles que desempeñan como <span>actores para la reducción del riesgo volcánico en América Latina fue debatida en el marco del taller “PASI 2011: Volcanes de conducto abierto”, celebrado en Costa Rica, con participación de profesionales de casi todos los países de <span>la costa pacífia del continente y Argentina, el Reino Unido, Noruega y Suecia. Se trataron gran diversidad de temas, <span>agrupados en cinco bloques, que permitieron defiir necesidades comunes en cinco ámbitos : 1) Carencia de recursos <span>fiancieros, humanos y técnicos en los observatorios de la región; 2) Programas de cooperación gubernamental y no <span>gubernamental entre organismos técnicos y académicos; 3) Necesidades de coordinación regional; 4) El rol de los volcanólogos como comunicadores y su interacción con otros actores de la gestión del riesgo y 5) El aporte de las ciencias <span>sociales y la creación de grupos multidisciplinarios en el ámbito de los observatorios volcanológicos.<br /><span>La margen pacífia del continente americano es un área altamente expuesta a la actividad volcánica, incluyendo algunas <span>de las ciudades más importantes en el continente. Sin embargo, las instituciones encargadas de la observación y el monitoreo de la actividad y las amenazas volcánicas en muchos de los países de esta región, enfrentan serias limitaciones <span>para desempeñar su labor. Para la mayoría de países latinoamericanos, el gran número de volcanes potencialmente activos y el reducido número de volcanólogos que trabajan en su monitoreo, constituyen una de las principales limitantes. <span>La cooperación entre observatorios con universidades y centros de investigación, ha ayudado a cubrir esta necesidad al <span>menos de forma parcial. Trascendiendo su papel científio y técnico como expertos en ciencias físicas o naturales, los <span>volcanólogos también se han visto involucrados en tareas que requieren el desarrollo de otras habilidades, principalmente como comunicadores de información sobre el riesgo volcánico. Esto ha llevado a incrementar la colaboración <span>multidisciplinaria con profesionales del área de las ciencias sociales. Sin embargo, existen aún grandes retos que deberán abordarse en un futuro próximo. Los aportes de la discusión sostenida en el taller pueden constituir un punto de <span>partida para futuros foros y acciones orientados a la reducción del riesgo asociado con la actividad volcánica</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span>
Graphene-based Nanogenerator: Experiments, Theories and Applications
Authors: Li Weiping , Zhang Yupeng , Pan Chunxu 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTIn addition to the piezoelectric nanogenerators and triboelectric nanogenerators, recently, the graphene-based nanogenerator has been widely concerned because of its simple assembly, flexibility and high structural stability. There are many interesting effects in graphene applied for nanogenenrators including anion adsorption in electrolyte solution, ion channels in graphene sheets network and the strain (band engineering) effect, etc. In this paper, we focus explicitly on the experimental results, mechanisms and applications of the graphene-based nanogenerator, and introduce our recent research on the graphene-based nanogenerator based on "modulation of the graphene strain-energy band effect". This nanogenerator is expected to have potential applications in active sensors and sustainable power source.
Cervical Chondrocutaneous Branchial Remnants
Authors: Klockars Tuomas , Kajosaari Lauri 
Published: July 2015

Objective Cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants are rare malformations usually found in the lower neck. As high as 76% of patients have been reported to have associated anomalies. We review the literature and report a case series of seven patients with cervical cartilaginous remnants. Design A retrospective case series of seven patients identified from the electronic hospital records. Results Seven patients with cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants were identified (six boys and one girl). Only one of the patients had associated anomalies. Conclusions A review of the literature revealed no evidence for sinuses or cysts related to cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants. Operative treatment can be postponed to a suitable and safe age. There is marked variation in the reported prevalence of associated anomalies, ranging from 11% to 76%.
Seasonality in marine ecosystems: Peruvian seabirds, anchovy, and oceanographic conditions
Authors: Passuni Giannina , Barbraud Christophe , Chaigneau Alexis , Demarcq Hervé , Ledesma Jesus , Bertrand Arnaud , Castillo Ramiro , Perea Angel , Mori Julio , Viblanc Vincent A. , Torres‐Maita Jose , Bertrand Sophie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn fluctuating environments, matching breeding timing to periods of high resource availability is crucial for the fitness of many vertebrate species, and may have major consequences on population health. Yet, our understanding of the proximate environmental cues driving seasonal breeding is limited. This is particularly the case in marine ecosystems, where key environmental factors and prey abundance and availability are seldom quantified. The Northern Humboldt Current System (NHCS) is a highly productive, low‐latitude ecosystem of moderate seasonality. In this ecosystem, three tropical seabird species (the Guanay Cormorant Phalacrocorax bougainvillii, the Peruvian Booby Sula variegata, and the Peruvian Pelican Pelecanus thagus) live in sympatry and prey almost exclusively on anchovy, Engraulis ringens. From January 2003 to December 2012, we monitored 31 breeding sites along the Peruvian coast to investigate the breeding cycle of these species. We tested for relationships between breeding timing, oceanographic conditions, and prey availability using occupancy models. We found that all three seabird species exhibited seasonal breeding patterns, with marked interspecific differences. Whereas breeding mainly started during the austral winter/early spring and ended in summer/early fall, this pattern was stronger in boobies and pelicans than in cormorants. Breeding onset mainly occurred when upwelling was intense but ecosystem productivity was below its annual maxima, and when anchovy were less available and in poor physiological condition. Conversely, the abundance and availability of anchovy improved during chick rearing and peaked around the time of fledging. These results suggest that breeding timing is adjusted so that fledging may occur under optimal environmental conditions, rather than being constrained by nutritional requirements during egg laying. Adjusting breeding time so that fledglings meet optimal conditions at independence is unique compared with other upwelling ecosystems and could be explained by the relatively high abundances of anchovy occurring throughout the year in the NHCS.
Investigation of the Self Tempering Effect of Martensite by Means of Atom Probe Tomography
Authors: Sackl S. , Clemens H. , Primig S. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Self-tempering effects can be observed in steels with relatively high martensite start temperatures. After the formation of the first martensitic laths, carbon is able to diffuse in these laths during cooling, which can be attributed to sufficiently high temperatures. This effect cannot be observed in laths formed at lower temperatures. In steels containing up to 0.2 m.-% carbon, up to 90 % of the carbon atoms in the martensite segregate to dislocations during quenching. Due to its atomic resolution and sensitivity with respect to light elements, atom probe tomography is very well suited for the investigation of this phenomenon. In this study, the self-tempering effect in a quenched and tempered steel 42CrMo4 with a martensite start temperature of 310 °C is investigated by means of atom probe tomography.
Effects of a Statewide Protocol for the Management of Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis on Microbial Profiles and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities: A Retrospective Five-Year Review
Authors: McGuire Amanda L. , Carson Christine F. , Inglis Timothy J. J. , Chakera Aron 
Published: July 2015

Background Peritonitis is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early empirical antibiotic therapy is recommended, with the choice of agents guided by local resistance patterns. As routine use of specific antimicrobial agents can drive resistance, regular assessment of causative organisms and their susceptibility to empirical therapy is essential. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of all PD peritonitis cases and positive PD fluid cultures obtained over a 5-year period in Western Australia following the introduction of a statewide protocol for the initial management of PD peritonitis with intraperitoneal vancomycin and gentamicin. Results The incidence of PD peritonitis decreased from 1 in 16 patient months (0.75/year at risk) to 1 in 29 patient months (0.41/year at risk) over the 5 years. There were 1,319 culture-positive samples and 1,069 unique isolates identified. Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 69.9% of positive cultures, with vancomycin resistance averaging 2% over the study period. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 25.4% of positive cultures, with gentamicin resistance identified in an average of 8% of organisms. No increase in antimicrobial resistance to vancomycin or gentamicin occurred over the 5 years and there was no change in the proportion of gram-positive (69.9%), gram-negative (25.4%) or fungal (4.4%) organisms causing PD peritonitis. Conclusions Over time, the peritonitis rates have dramatically improved although the profile of causative organisms remains similar. Empirical treatment of PD peritonitis with intraperitoneal vancomycin and gentamicin remains efficacious, with high levels of susceptibility and no evidence that the introduction of this statewide empirical PD peritonitis treatment protocol is driving resistance to these agents.
Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial isolates from respiratory secretions of ventilated patients in a multi-specialty hospital
Authors: Ahmed Nishat Hussain , Hussain Tabish , Biswal Indu 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Context: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial infection occurring in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. VAP occurs due to interplay of three factors - impaired host defense, access of large numbers of pathogenic bacteria to the lower respiratory tract and the virulence of the organism. Knowledge of colonizing microbial flora and their antibiogram in ventilated patients is of great importance in timely institution of empirical therapy, so that mortality and morbidity due to VAP can be reduced. Subjects and Methods: A prospective study was performed over a period of 6 months in a multi-specialty hospital to determine the various pathogens in respiratory secretions and to determine the prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR). Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26%), Acinetobacter (26%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (26%), followed by Escherichia coli (15%), Staphylococcus aureus (6%) and Citrobacter spp. (1.5%) were the common pathogens isolated in our study. In all, 72.73% (48/66) bacterial isolates were isolated from medical ICU, while 25.76% (17/66) were isolated from surgical ICU. Only one strain (Acinetobacter) was isolated from pediatric ICU. Fifty-seven (86.36%) of the 66 pathogens in our study were MDR. Conclusion: There is increasing colonization of pathogenic bacteria in ventilated patients admitted in ICUs, which are predominantly MDR. These colonizers may cause infection resulting in VAP. Judicious use of antibiotics, guided by local antibiotic resistance profile coupled with strict infection control practices alongside application of VAP bundle are important measures to prevent these pathogens from causing VAP in ICU patients.
Brainstem auditory evoked potential in clinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Sharma Kirti , Kumar Naresh , Behera Joshil Kumar , Sood Sushma , Das Sibadatta , Madan Harnam Singh 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Objectives: The association of hypothyroidism with impairment of hearing is known to occur. It may be of any kind i. e., conductive, sensorineural or mixed. The aim of this study is to assess auditory pathway by brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in newly diagnosed patients of clinical hypothyroidism and healthy sex- and age-matched controls. Materials and Methods: The study included 25 healthy age- and sex-matched controls (Group I) and 25 patients of newly diagnosed clinical hypothyroidism (Group II). The recording was taken by using RMS EMG EP MK2 equipment. Statistical Analysis Used: Unpaired Student′s t test. Results: There was a significant increase in wave IV (5.16 ± 0.85 ms) and wave V (6.17 ± 0.89 ms) latencies of right ear BAEP of Group II in comparison to wave IV (4.66 ± 0.39 ms) and wave V (5.49 ± 0.26 ms) of Group I. Wave V of left ear BAEP of Group II was also prolonged (6 ± 0.61 ms) in comparison to Group I (5.47 ± 0.35 ms). There was a significant difference in inter-peak latencies IPL I -V (4.44 ± 0.66 ms) and IPL III -V (2.2 ± 0.5 ms) of right ear BAEP of Group II in comparison to IPL I -V (3.94 ± 0.31 ms) and IPL III -V (1.84 ± 0.34 ms) of Group I. A significant prolongation was also found of IPL I -V (4.36 ± 0.59 ms) and IPL III -V (2.2 ± 0.42 ms) of left ear BAEP of Group II in comparison to IPL I -V (3.89 ± 0.3 ms) and IPL III -V (1.85 ± 0.3 ms) of Group I. Conclusion: Prolongation of wave IV and V along with inter-peak latencies in BAEP of both ears suggests that central auditory pathway is affected significantly in clinical hypothyroid patients.
Richard Schacht's Nietzsche
Authors: Clark Maudemarie 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
In this article, written for a panel presentation celebrating the thirtieth anniversary of the publication of Richard Schacht's Nietzsche, I examine the perspective from which Schacht wrote his 1983 book. That perspective, I argue, accounts for many virtues of the book, including Schacht's convincing treatment of Nietzsche as a philosopher who deserved to be taken seriously and, in its amazing thoroughness, his demonstration that Nietzsche's thought could be organized using the sort of framework one would use for other great philosophers. But it also accounts for certain commitments that differ substantially from mine; in particular, in its extensive reliance on Nietzsche's unpublished material, and in its neglect of the genealogy of Nietzsche's views and questions of his style, which I take to be more central.
Argentina con China: el riesgo de la bonanza
Authors: Miranda Roberto 
Published: July 2015

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las características del bilateralismo de Argentina con China, a fin de determinar la perspectiva de este bilateralismo como relación interdependiente. En este sentido, hipotetizamos que si bien Argentina obtuvo importantes «ganancias relativas», fue China quien amplió la asimetría preexistente en el marco de los extraordinarios niveles de interacción alcanzados entre ambos países. Esto significó, para Argentina, el riesgo de ingresar a una situación de
dependencia con el país asiático. Precisamente en este análisis, más allá de haber realizado el recorrido de las relaciones bilaterales durante la primera década del presente siglo, identificamos los motivos y las condiciones que determinaron el mencionado riesgo.
Bellina
Authors: Cros Michèle 
Published: July 2015

Nous sommes au Burkina, en pays lobi, lors d’un grand rituel de fécondité. L’ethnologue effectue une mission de terrain avec son jeune fils. On nous apprend que notre chienne (Bellina) est atteinte d’un mal foudroyant. On pourrait alléger sa souffrance à l’aide de soins palliatifs. L’enfant pleure celle qu’il considère comme une sorte de petite soeur. Les Lobi, mis au courant de cette situation, recommandent au contraire de tuer au plus vite Bellina afin d’en faire une bonne soupe, cynophagie oblige. Deux modes de représentations, d’affects et de comportements se retrouvent soudain mis en écho, discutés et commentés. Ils seront ici analysés à l’aide de narrations graphiques, de brèves de terrain recueillies dans le hors-champ de l’enquête et de récits aux allures de mythe. Mis en dialogues, ces éléments discursifs accentuent autant la violence de ces déliaisons croisées qu’ils mettent en évidence des liaisons vitales inattendues unissant l’homme au chien, en France comme au Burkina.
Amours sans frontières
Authors: Dalla Bernardina Sergio 
Published: July 2015

Consécutivement aux avancées de l’éthologie (l’animal pense, souffre, se projette même dans le futur), aux données de l’anthropologie (l’animal, dans de nombreuses sociétés, est considéré comme un sujet à part entière) et aux déductions de la philosophie (s’il est un sujet, il a donc des droits), nous assistons aujourd’hui à une révision de la frontière homme/animal. Cette remise en cause, illustrée par des ouvrages comme Animal liberation (1975) de Peter Singer, a des effets collatéraux : en « libérant » les animaux elle dédouane aussi, et rend donc représentable, toute une série de fantasmes liés à la sexualité entre espèces différentes. Concevable sur un plan logique, cette révolution pose des problèmes d’ordre symbolique. Les rumeurs rattachées aux pratiques zoophiles, avec leur cortège de traumatismes, de maladies et autres « sanctions » (naturelles et surnaturelles) nous rappellent que l’abolition des différences, sur le plan de l’imaginaire, a des effets catastrophiques : loin d’assurer la paix, elle engendre le désordre et alimente les conflits.