bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing the risk of nerve injury during Bernese periacetabular osteotomy
Authors: Kalhor M. , Gharehdaghi J. , Schoeniger R. , Ganz R. 
Published: May 2015

The modified Smith–Petersen and Kocher–Langenbeck approaches were used to expose the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh and the femoral, obturator and sciatic nerves in order to study the risk of injury to these structures during the dissection, osteotomy, and acetabular reorientation stages of a Bernese peri-acetabular osteotomy. Injury of the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh was less likely to occur if an osteotomy of the anterior superior iliac spine had been carried out before exposing the hip. The obturator nerve was likely to be injured during unprotected osteotomy of the pubis if the far cortex was penetrated by > 5 mm. This could be avoided by inclining the osteotome 45° medially and performing the osteotomy at least 2 cm medial to the iliopectineal eminence. The sciatic nerve could be injured during the first and last stages of the osteotomy if the osteotome perforated the lateral cortex of ischium and the ilio-ischial junction by > 10 mm. The femoral nerve could be stretched or entrapped during osteotomy of the pubis if there was significant rotational or linear displacement of the acetabulum. Anterior or medial displacement of < 2 cm and lateral tilt (retroversion) of < 30° were safe margins. The combination of retroversion and anterior displacement could increase tension on the nerve. Strict observation of anatomical details, proper handling of the osteotomes and careful manipulation of the acetabular fragment reduce the neurological complications of Bernese peri-acetabular osteotomy. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:636–41.
Meniscal allograft transplantation
Authors: Smith N. A. , Costa M. L. , Spalding T. 
Published: May 2015

The anatomy and microstructure of the menisci allow the effective distribution of load across the knee. Meniscectomy alters the biomechanical environment and is a potent risk factor for osteoarthritis. Despite a trend towards meniscus-preserving surgery, many tears are irreparable, and many repairs fail.Meniscal allograft transplantation has principally been carried out for pain in patients who have had a meniscectomy. Numerous case series have reported a significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes after surgery, but randomised controlled trials have not been undertaken.It is scientifically plausible that meniscal allograft transplantation is protective of cartilage, but this has not been established clinically to date.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:590–4.
Assessment in art and design education: Further reflections upon whippet-fancying and Procrustes
Authors: Hickman Richard 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The reference to ‘whippet-fancying’ in the title refers to the notion of connoisseurship; teachers, who best know their students’ abilities, play the part of the connoisseur. Procrustean references, when applied to education, refer to the tendency to trim the curriculum according to the prevailing assessment practices. There appears to have been a tendency in many developed countries to de-professionalize the profession of teaching, nowhere more so than in the area of assessment, with external examining boards making decisions about students’ capabilities. Such tendencies are felt particularly harshly in the arts. This article argues for assessment practices in visual art that are student-centred and that take the form of a dialogue between teacher and student, taking into account the developing nature of a student’s portfolio. I argue further that meaningful learning in art should not be pre-specified, and that the objectives model of teaching and learning is inappropriate, given our innate need to create and confer aesthetic significance.
The Content of Topsoil Nutrients, Ph and Organic Carbon as Affected by Long-Term Application of Mineral and Organic Fertilisers
Authors: Hlisnikovský Lukáš , Kunzová Eva 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Soil is the fundamental element in agriculture and is affected in a variety of ways. Besides other things, the long-term application of mineral and organic fertilisers can significantly influence the topsoil pool of nutrients, organic carbon content and pH. Within the scope of longterm field experiments in Praha-Ruzyně, we evaluated the effect of six fertiliser treatments - unfertilised Control, farmyard manure (FYM), cattle slurry (CAT), cattle slurry amended with straw from previous cereals (CAT+STR), mineral fertiliser (NPK) and NPK amended with FYM (NPK+FYM) on a topsoil pool of nutrient content, organic carbon content (Cox) and pH between the years 2001 and 2012. In the selected period, the fertiliser treatment did not influence the N and Cox content (ranging from 0.126% to 0.143%). Phosphorus and potassium were significantly higher in the NPK+FYM treatment (109.82 and 279.27 mg/kg, respectively), while calcium and magnesium were significantly lower in the NPK treatment (2,973 and 134.95 mg/kg, respectively). Application of mineral fertilisers significantly decreased the value of pH, influencing the Ca and Mg topsoil concentrations. Organic fertilisers cannot provide a sustainable amount of nutrients to generate high yields in a short time, but release their nutrients slowly and the range of nutrients is wider. Mineral fertilisers, if not amended with organic fertilisers, can provide huge doses of nutrients, which can be quickly reused for high yields, but negatively influence the pH value, resulting in a decrease in the pool of Ca and Mg.
Response Of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) And Associated Grassy Weeds Grown In Salt-Affected Soil To Effects Of Graminicides And Indole Acetic Acid
Authors: El-Metwally Ibrahim M. , Ali Osama A.M. , Abdelhamid Magdi T. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out in two successive seasons to examine the effect of weed management on wheat crop under saline condition and how herbicides can interact with foliar application with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to improve weed suppression and enhance crop growth and productivity under salinity stress. Clodinafop-propargyl was the best option to attain acceptable grassy weeds control. Increasing IAA from 0 up to 150 ppm significantly increased number and dry weight of grassy weeds in wheat after 80 days from sowing. Application of IAA at 150 ppm recorded the highest number and dry weight of weeds. Clodinafop-propargyl produced the lowest values of number and dry weight of weeds as well as nutrients uptake by weeds when water spraying was added. While application of IAA at 150 ppm gave the maximum values of flag leaf area, SPAD meter values, number of spike/m2, spike length, number of spikelets/spike, grains number/spike, grains weight/spike, as well as grain, straw, and total crude protein, phosphorus and potassium percentages when clodinafop-propargyl treatment was applied. It could be concluded that using IAA at 150 ppm resulted in enhancement of growth and productivity of wheat crop when integrated with clodinafop-propargyl treatment under salinity condition.
The Influence Of Cereal Share In Crop Rotations On The Grain Yield And Quality Of Winter Wheat
Authors: Babulicová Mária , Gavurníková Soňa 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of our study is to find out the influence of different share of cereals and various fertilisation on the grain yield and quality of winter wheat. The long-term field trial with 40, 60 and 80% share of the cereals and two levels of fertilisation (H1 mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget®; H2 mineral fertilisation only) were carried out in the very warm and dry area of continental weather on luvi-haplic chernozem. In the years 2010–2013, the grain yield, the wet gluten content, gluten index, the falling number and sedimentation index of winter wheat according to Zeleny were investigated. The significantly higher grain yield of winter wheat was recorded after preceding crop of common pea. The yield of cereals in crop rotation with 60% share of cereals (7.00 t/ha) was significantly higher than in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals (6.78 t/ha).The statistically higher wet gluten content after pea fore-crop was found out when the mineral fertilisation and organic fertiliser Veget® were applied (33.4%) with comparison to the treatment with mineral fertilisation only (30.08%).
Response Of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crop And Broad-Leaved Weeds To Different Water Requirements And Weed Management In Sandy Soils
Authors: El-Metwally Ibrahim M. , Abdelraouf Ramadan. E. , Ahmed Mohamed A. , Mounzer Oussama , Alarcón Juan José , Abdelhamid Magdi T. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Water scarcity is a major cause of crops yield reduction in many parts of the world. So, a more rational use of irrigation water should be adapted and deficit irrigation principles should be accepted with a certain level of reduction in yield level. To study the efficiency of four water requirements (100% whole season, 75% whole season, 50% whole season and 100% whole season while 50% at grain-filling stage) and five weed-control treatments (three postemergence herbicides i.e., metosulam, tribenuron-methyl, and bromoxynil), hand weeding and unweeded check, and their interactive effects, two field experiments on wheat crop were conducted in two successive seasons at the agricultural experimental station of the National Research Centre, Nubaria, Egypt. Bromoxynil, tribenuron-methyl came in the first order for controlling total broad-leaved weeds. Application of 100% water requirement recorded the highest values compared to all other irrigation water treatments in term of flag-leaf area, chlorophyll content, plant height, number of spike/m2, spike weight, grains number/spike, weight of 1,000 grains, yield and yield attributes of wheat. Metosulam followed by bromoxynil, tribenuron-methyl and hand-weeding treatments gave higher values of grain yield/ha. The highest grain yield, protein and carbohydrates percentages of wheat grains were obtained from addition of 100% water requirement with metosulam treatment was used followed by 75% of water requirement combined with metosulam treatment without significant difference among these treatments.
Molecular Selection Of Tomato And Pepper Breeding Lines Possessing Resistance Alleles Against Tobamoviruses
Authors: Hudcovicová Martina , Korbelová Erika , Šliková Svetlana , Klčová Lenka , Mihálik Daniel , Kraic Ján 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Molecular selection among newly created tomato and pepper lines was applied for identification of lines possessing DNA markers linked with the resistant loci against tobamoviruses ToMV, TMV, PaMMV, and PMMoV. Only four tomato lines among 184 had DNA marker linked with the resistant allele Tm-2 conferring homozygosity at this locus. Resistance of these four lines was tested and confirmed also by virological testing by inoculation with TMV strain 0. Simultaneously tested lines heterozygous at this locus expressed full or unbalanced resistance. Fifty-eight out of 62 tested pepper lines had only marker linked to susceptible allele of the locus L. Three lines derived from tobamovirus resistant pepper cultivars Brill and Brilliant expressed marker linked to resistant allele L3, and only one line derived from resistant cultivar Hurricane possessed both markers. Four selected pepper lines declared resistance also after artificial inoculation with the TMV P0 pathotype. Molecular selection, both in tomato and pepper breeding lines, may be useful in breeding programs directed to tobamovirus resistance.
The cytoskeleton as a drug target for neuroprotection: the case of the autism- mutated ADNP
Authors: Gozes Illana 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFifteen years ago we discovered activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), and showed that it is essential for brain formation/function. Our protein interaction studies identified ADNP as a member of the chromatin remodeling complex, SWI/SNF also associated with alternative splicing of tau and prediction of tauopathy. Recently, we have identified cytoplasmic ADNP interactions with the autophagy regulating microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and with microtubule end-binding (EB) proteins. The ADNP-EB-binding SIP domain is shared with the ADNP snippet drug candidate, NAPVSIPQ termed NAP (davunetide). Thus, we identified a precise target for ADNP/NAP (davunetide) neuroprotection toward improved drug development.
Integration of transcriptome and methylome analysis of aldosterone-producing adenomas
Authors: Murakami Masanori , Yoshimoto Takanobu , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Tsuchiya Kyoichiro , Minami Isao , Bouchi Ryotaro , Izumiyama Hajime , Fujii Yasuhisa , Abe Kosei , Tayama Chiharu , Hashimoto Koshi , Suganami Takayoshi , Hata Ken-ichiro , Kihara Kazunori , Ogawa Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveThe pathophysiology of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA) has been investigated intensively through genetic and genomic approaches. However, the role of epigenetics in APA is not fully understood. In the present study, we explored the relationship between gene expression and DNA methylation status in APA.MethodsWe conducted an integrated analysis of transcriptome and methylome data of paired APA-adjacent adrenal gland (AAG) samples from the same patient. The adrenal specimens were obtained from seven Japanese patients with APA who underwent adrenalectomy. Gene expression and genome-wide CpG methylation profiles were obtained from RNA and DNA samples that were extracted from those seven paired tissues.ResultsMethylome analysis showed global CpG hypomethylation in APA relative to AAG. The integration of gene expression and methylation status showed that 34 genes were up-regulated with CpG hypomethylation in APA. Of these, three genes (CYP11B2, MC2R, and HPX) may be related to aldosterone production, and five genes (PRRX1, RAB38, FAP, GCNT2, and ASB4) are potentially involved in tumorigenesis.ConclusionThe present study is the first methylome analysis to compare APA with AAG in the same patients. Our integrated analysis of transcriptome and methylome revealed DNA hypomethylation in APA and identified several up-regulated genes with DNA hypomethylation that may be involved in aldosterone production and tumorigenesis.
Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio is positively related to type 2 diabetes in a large-scale adult population: a Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health cohort study
Authors: Guo Xiaoyan , Zhang Shu , Zhang Qing , Liu Li , Wu Hongmei , Du Huanmin , Shi Hongbin , Wang Chongjin , Xia Yang , Liu Xing , Li Chunlei , Sun Shaomei , Wang Xing , Zhou Ming , Huang Guowei , Jia Qiyu , Zhao Honglin , Song Kun , Niu Kaijun 
Published: May 2015

AimIt is widely known that inflammation is related to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have shown a direct relationship between the immune system and T2D using a reliable biomarker. Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easy-to-analyze inflammation biomarker, but few studies have assessed the relationship between NLR and T2D. In order to evaluate how NLR is related to T2D, we designed a large-scale cross-sectional and prospective cohort study in an adult population.Subjects and methodsParticipants were recruited from the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital-Health Management Centre. Both a baseline cross-sectional (n=87 686) and a prospective (n=38 074) assessment were performed. Participants without a history of T2D were followed up for ∼6 years (with a median follow-up of 2.7 years). Adjusted logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess relationships between the quintiles of NLR and T2D (covariates: age, sex, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes).ResultsThe prevalence and incidence of T2D were 4.9% and 6.8/1000 person-years respectively. The adjusted odds ratio and hazard ratio (95% CI) of the highest NLR quintile were 1.34 (1.21, 1.49) and 1.39 (1.09, 1.78) (both P for trend <0.01) respectively as compared to the lowest quintile of NLR. Leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts do not significantly predict the eventual development of T2D.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that NLR is related to the prevalence and incidence of T2D, and it suggests that NLR may be an efficient and accurate prognostic biomarker for T2D.
ESTABLECIMIENTO DEL SISTEMA DE REGENERACION POR EMBRIOGÉNESIS SOMÁTICA DE Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Authors: Artigas R Maria D. , Fernandez Da Silva Rafael 
Published: May 2015

<p><em>Azadirachta indica</em>, es una planta con múltiples aplicaciones tanto forestal como farmacológica. Por ende, el establecimiento del sistema de cultivo <em>in vitro</em> por embriogénesis somática ofrece diversas y variadas ventajas, tales como obtener plantas altamente productivas en metabolitos. En este estudio, se utilizaron secciones foliares y cotiledonares, inducidas en medios MS (1962) suplementados con: BAP sólo y combinado con ANA/2,4-D, TDZ sólo y con ABA. La regeneración fue con MS sólo o con K + AIA y BAP + AIA. Como resultado se estableció un sistema eficiente con secciones de cotiledones, observándose organogénesis a bajas concentraciones de BAP, mientras a altos niveles de BAP (2,5 mg.L<sup>-1</sup>), así como con TDZ + ABA (0,02 + 1mg.L<sup>-1</sup>) respectivamente favorecieron la embriogénesis somática primaria y secundaria en un 96 % y 71 % respectivamente. La regeneración fue 71 % con MS, mientras que el enraizamiento fue de 86,67 % con MS½, obteniéndose plantas completas a corto plazo. </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><em>Azadirachta indica</em>, is a plant with multiple forest and pharmacological application. Therefore, the establishment of <em>in vitro</em> culture system for somatic embryogenesis offers several distinct advantages such as obtaining highly productive plant metabolites. In this study, were used sections cotyledon and leaf, induced on MS medium (1962) supplemented with: BAP alone and combined with NAA / 2,4-D, TDZ alone and ABA. Regeneration was with MS alone or with K + BAP + IAA and IAA. As a result was established an efficient system with cotyledon sections, being observed organogenesis at low concentrations of BAP, while high levels of BAP (2.5 mg.L<sup>-1</sup>) with 96 % and TDZ + ABA (0.02 + 1mg.L<sup>-1</sup>) with 71 %, favoring the primary and secondary somatic embryogenesis. Regeneration was 71 % with MS; rooting was 86.67 % with MS½, presenting whole plants obtained short term.</p><p><strong>RESUMO</strong></p><p><em>Azadirachta indica, </em>é uma planta com várias aplicaçãos florestas e farmacológicas. Por conseguinte, a criação de sistema de cultur<em>a in vitro </em>para a embriogénese somática apresenta várias vantagens, tais como a obtenção de plantas altamente produtivas de metabolitos. Neste estudo, as seções de cotilédones e folhas, induzidas em meios suplementado en MS (1962) con: BAP sozinho e combinado com ANA / 2,4-D, TDZ e ABA sozinho. A regeneração foi apenas com MS ou com K + BAP + IAA e IAA. Como resultado, foi eficiente con seções cotiledones, observados organogênese em baixas concentrações de BAP, en quanto altos níveis de BAP (2,5 mg L-1) e com TDZ + ABA (0,02 + 1mg.L-1) favoreceu a embriogênese somática primária e secundária até 96 % e 71%, respectivamente. Regeneração estava com MS 71 %, en quanto que o enraizamento foi de 86,67 %, com ½ MS produzindo plantas inteiras curto prazo.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p> </p>
Linfoma T Intestinal Monomórfico CD56+. Primer Caso Informado en Colombia y Revisión de la Literatura
Authors: Ricaurte G Orlando 
Published: May 2015

<p>Mujer de 80 años con hallazgo incidental de masa abdominal en mesogastrio, a quien le realizan resección de intestino delgado por sospecha de absceso con síndrome adherencial. El estudio patológico de la pieza quirúrgica demostró compromiso por linfoma no Hodgkin T monomórfico CD56+. Los linfomas T del tubo digestivo son inusuales, correspondiendo a 5% de las neoplasias linfoides de esta localización. El linfoma intestinal T monomórfico CD56+, corresponde a 10 - 20% de los linfomas T intestinales, se presenta en regiones donde la enfermedad celiaca es infrecuente y no se asocia a enteropatía. Su curso es agresivo y habitualmente se manifiesta como una emergencia quirúrgica por obstrucción o perforación intestinal.</p>
BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO DA VÁRZEA - RS: O PAPEL DO ÓRGÃO GESTOR
Authors: Da Cunha Kemerich Pedro Daniel , Ritter Luciana Gregory , Dulac Vinicius Ferreira , Cruz Rafael Cabral 
Published: May 2015

Os comitês de gerenciamento de bacias hidrográficas são colegiados instituídos oficialmente pelo Governo do Estado que representam a instância básica de participação da sociedade no Sistema Estadual de Recursos Hídricos, devendo promover a gestão participativa e social, sendo que os mesmos devem ser compostos por vários segmentos da sociedade, dentre eles: setores usuários da água, sociedade civil organizada e órgãos públicos envolvidos na questão dos recursos hídricos. Cabe aos comitês acompanhar a implementação dos instrumentos de gestão dos recursos hídricos e amenizar conflitos entre os diferentes atores sociais envolvidos, a fim de que as necessidades sejam atendidas, mas sempre levando em consideração a conservação das águas. Deste modo o objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a evolução das ações do Comitê de Bacia do Rio da Várzea e seus impactos na implementação do Sistema Estadual de Recursos Hídricos na respectiva bacia. Para efetivar tais propósitos, tanto as deliberações como os projetos aprovados contidos nas atas do comitê foram classificados pela pesquisa, segundo a natureza do assunto. Observou-se que o Comitê apresenta problemas relacionados principalmente à falta de participação dos membros e escassez de recursos financeiros. A elaboração do Plano de Bacia, apesar de ainda não apresentar todas as fases concluídas, corrobora com a questão do planejamento da conservação, em quantidade e qualidade, da água na bacia hidrográfica, e tem por finalidade fundamentar e orientar a implementação da Política Estadual de Recursos Hídricos, assegurando as metas e os usos neles previstos, na área da bacia.
Divergências funcionais e estratégias de resistência à seca entre espécies decíduas e sempre verdes tropicais
Authors: Souza Bruno Cruz de , Oliveira Rafael Silva , Araújo Francisca Soares de , Lima André Luiz Alves de , Rodal Maria Jesus Nogueira 
Published: May 2015

Analisamos a variação funcional entre espécies decíduas (ED) e sempre verdes (ESV) para compreender as divergências nas estratégias de tolerância e evitação à seca. O estudo foi realizado em um fragmento de floresta tropical sazonalmente seca, localizada no munícipio de Pentecoste (3°47'S, 39°16'W), Ceará, Brasil. Mensuramos 17 traços funcionais foliares em 17 ED e cinco ESV, sendo 12 morfofuncionais, um fenológico e quatro fisiológicos. Verificamos que as ED exibiram maior taxa de fotossíntese por massa (Amassa), menor longevidade foliar (LF) e massa foliar específica (MFE) quando comparadas às sempre verdes. Esses traços foram considerados traços-chaves preditores das estratégias de evitação e tolerância à seca. As ED e ESV apresentaram uma demanda conflitante entre tolerância à seca e taxa fotossintética, pois a LF foi negativamente correlacionada com à Amassa. Embora tenham demonstrado diferenças claras na MFE e LF não observamos diferenças significativas na Aárea e gs, consequentemente, ED e ESV não diferiram na eficiência no uso da água durante o período chuvoso. Apesar da variabilidade substancial dentro do grupo, todas as ED exibem estratégia de evitação à seca enquanto que ESV exibem um conjunto de traços funcionais foliares relacionados a estratégia de tolerância à seca.