bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphonated Bicycles Bearing a N‐N Junction.
Authors: Villemin Elise , Herent Marie‐France , Marchand‐Brynaert Jacqueline 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDiels—Alder reactions between the diene (I) and dienophiles (II) and (IV) give access to phosphonated bicyclic adducts bearing a N—N junction.
ChemInform Abstract: Three Novel Friedelane Triterpenes with Antimicrobial Activity from the Stems of Celastrus monospermus.
Authors: Xie Haiping , Chen Mingxiang , Wang Dingyong , Xu Runlin 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThree novel triterpenes, monospermonal (Ia), monospermonol (Ib) and monospermondiol (II) are isolated together with six known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis and anti‐Protozoal Activity of the 8,4′‐Oxyneolignans Virolin, Surinamensin and Analogues.
Authors: Rye Claire E. , Barker David 
Published: June 2013

AbstractEnantioselective syntheses of the two natural 8,4‐oxyneolignans, virolin (VIIIb) and surinamensin (VIIIc), along with a range of analogues using chiral aldehyde (II) as key intermediate are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanometric Solid Solutions of the Fluorite and Perovskite Type Crystal Structures: Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Boskovic Snezana , Zec Slavica , Matovic Branko , Dohcevic‐Mitrovic Zorana , Popovic Zoran , Zinkenvich Matvei , Aldinger Fritz , Krstic Vladimir 
Published: June 2013

AbstractReview: 12 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: IUPAC‐NIST Solubility Data Series. Part 90. Hydroxybenzoic Acid Derivatives in Binary and Ternary Systems. Part 2. Hydroxybenzoic Acids, Hydroxybenzoates, and Hydroxybenzoic Acid Salts in Nonaqueous Systems
Authors: Goto Ayako , Miyamoto Hiroshi , Salomon Mark , Goto Rensuke , Fukuda Hiroshi , Konigsberger Erich , Konigsberger Lan‐Chi , Scharlin Pirketta 
Published: June 2013

AbstractReview: 46 refs.
Emissions of Vehicle Paint Shops – Life Cycle Considerations of Thermal Afterburning in the Underbody Sealant
Authors: Gadiel Cynthie , Meininghaus Roman , Quoll Maja , Tsotsas Evangelos 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDie in der Automobillackierung bei der Applikation des Unterbodenschutzes entstehende lösemittelhaltige Abluft wird meist mit erdgasbetriebenen thermischen Nachverbrennungsanlagen gereinigt. Anhand einer ökobilanziellen Betrachtung wird die Frage erörtert, ob die Reduzierung der Lösemittelemissionen durch Erdgas‐Verbrennung zu einer Verlagerung der Umweltauswirkungen führt. Anhand von Beispielen wird gezeigt, dass dies nicht der Fall ist, sondern die Reduzierung der Lösemittelemissionen ein positiver Nebeneffekt der für den Lackierprozess sowieso notwendigen Wärmeerzeugung ist. Die Methodik der Ökobilanzierung ist auf Teile einer Automobillackierung anwendbar.
Coupled Simulation of Thermal Stresses in Heat Treatment Furnaces
Authors: Lenz Wolfgang , Pfeifer Herbert 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSchwebebandöfen werden für die Wärmebehandlung von Metallbändern eingesetzt, die zu empfindlich sind, um bei hohen Temperaturen mechanischem Oberflächenkontakt ausgesetzt zu werden. Eine Erhöhung der Prozesstemperatur ist oft ein unvermeidbarer Weg, um wachsenden Anforderungen bezüglich Produktivität und Energie‐ und Ressourceneffizienz nachzukommen. Viele konstruktive Maßnahmen für niedrige und mittlere Temperaturbereiche sind jedoch bei höheren Temperaturen ungeeignet. Zahlreiche thermische Effekte können von klassischen FEM‐Simulation nicht erfasst werden. Das vorliegende Paper stellt eine einfache Methode vor, um mittels gekoppelter numerischer Simulationen die Aussagegenauigkeit von Thermospannungsberechnungen im Auslegungsprozess von Hochtemperaturöfen zu erhöhen.
Characterization of the Stereochemical Structures of 2H‐Thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidine Compounds and Their Binding Affinities for Anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 Family Proteins
Authors: Xu Yaochun , Zhou Mi , Li Yan , Li Chengke , Zhang Zhengxi , Yu Biao , Wang Renxiao 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn a previous study we reported a class of compounds with a 2H‐thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidine core structure as general inhibitors of anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 family proteins. However, the absolute stereochemical configuration of one carbon atom on the core structure remained unsolved, and its potential impact on the binding affinities of compounds in this class was unknown. In this study, we obtained pure R and S enantiomers of four selected compounds by HPLC separation and chiral synthesis. The absolute configurations of these enantiomers were determined by comparing their circular dichroism spectra to that of an appropriate reference compound. In addition, a crystal structure of one selected compound revealed the exocyclic double bond in these compounds to be in the Z configuration. The binding affinities of all four pairs of enantiomers to Bcl‐xL, Bcl‐2, and Mcl‐1 proteins were measured in a fluorescence‐polarization‐based binding assay, yielding inhibition constants (Ki values) ranging from 0.24 to 2.20 μM. Interestingly, our results indicate that most R and S enantiomers exhibit similar binding affinities for the three tested proteins. A binding mode for this compound class was derived by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to provide a reasonable interpretation of this observation.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Rose Bengal Analogues as SecA Inhibitors
Authors: Cui Jianmei , Jin Jinshan , Hsieh Ying‐Hsin , Yang Hsiuchin , Ke Bowen , Damera Krishna , Tai Phang C. , Wang Binghe 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSecA, a key component of bacterial Sec‐dependent secretion pathway, is an attractive target for exploring novel antimicrobials. Rose bengal (RB), a polyhalogenated fluorescein derivative, was found from our previous study as a potent SecA inhibitor. Here we describe the synthesis and structure–activity relationships (SAR) of 23 RB analogues that were designed by systematical dissection of RB. Evaluation of these analogues allowed us to establish an initial SAR in SecA inhibition. The antimicrobial effects of these SecA inhibitors are confirmed in experiments using E. coli and B. subtilis.
Near‐infrared fluorescence‐guided resection of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: van der Vorst Joost R. , Schaafsma Boudewijn E. , Hutteman Merlijn , Verbeek Floris P. R. , Liefers Gerrit‐Jan , Hartgrink Henk H. , Smit Vincent T. H. B. M. , Löwik Clemens W. G. M. , van de Velde Cornelis J. H. , Frangioni John V. , Vahrmeijer Alexander L. 
Published: June 2013

BACKGROUNDThe fundamental principle of oncologic surgery is the complete resection of malignant cells. However, small tumors are often difficult to find during surgery using conventional techniques. The objectives of this study were to determine if optical imaging, using a contrast agent already approved for other indications, could improve hepatic metastasectomy with curative intent, to optimize dose and timing, and to determine the mechanism of contrast agent accumulation.METHODSThe high tissue penetration of near‐infrared (NIR) light was exploited by use of the FLARE (Fluorescence‐Assisted Resection and Exploration) image‐guided surgery system and the NIR fluorophore indocyanine green in a clinical trial of 40 patients undergoing hepatic resection for colorectal cancer metastases.RESULTSA total of 71 superficially located (< 6.2 mm beneath the liver capsule) colorectal liver metastases were identified and resected using NIR fluorescence imaging. Median tumor‐to‐liver ratio was 7.0 (range, 1.9‐18.7) and no significant differences between time points or doses were found. Indocyanine green fluorescence was seen as a rim around the tumor, which is shown to be entrapment around cytokeratin 7–positive hepatocytes compressed by the tumor. Importantly, in 5 of 40 patients (12.5%, 95% confidence interval = 5.0‐26.6), additional small and superficially located lesions were detected using NIR fluorescence, and were otherwise undetectable by preoperative computed tomography, intraoperative ultrasound, visual inspection, and palpation.CONCLUSIONSNIR fluorescence imaging, even when used with a nontargeted, clinically available NIR fluorophore, is complementary to conventional imaging and able to identify missed lesions by other modalities. Cancer 2013;119:3411–8. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Neuronal activity in the medial associative‐limbic and lateral motor part of the rat subthalamic nucleus and the effect of 6‐hydroxydopamine‐induced lesions of the dorsolateral striatum
Authors: Lindemann Christoph , Alam Mesbah , Krauss Joachim K. , Schwabe Kerstin 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTLesions of the rat nigrostriatal dopamine system by injection of 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) lead to abnormal neuronal activity in the basal ganglia (BG) motor loop similar to that found in Parkinson's disease (PD). In the BG motor loop the subthalamic nucleus (STN) represents an important structure, which, however, also comprises areas of the BG associative and limbic loops. We were interested whether neuronal activity would differ between the STN medial associative‐limbic and lateral motor part, and whether selective 6‐OHDA‐induced lesions of the dorsolateral striatum, the entrance region of the BG motor loop, would differently affect these subregions. In male Sprague–Dawley rats 6‐OHDA (n = 12) or vehicle (n = 10) was bilaterally injected in the dorsolateral striatum. Four weeks later extracellular single‐unit activity and local field potentials were recorded in medial and lateral STN neurons of urethane‐anesthetized rats. In sham‐lesioned rats the discharge rate and burst activity were higher in the lateral compared to the medial STN. Similar differences were found for other neuronal activity measures (coefficient of variation of interspike interval, skewness, kurtosis, approximate entropy). After 6‐OHDA injection neuronal burst activity was enhanced, while the discharge rate was not affected. In addition, in 6‐OHDA‐lesioned rats β‐band oscillatory activity was enhanced, with no difference between STN subregions. We found important differences of neuronal activity between STN subregions, indicating functional segregation. However, selective 6‐OHDA lesions of the dorsolateral striatum also had a pronounced effect on the medial STN subregion, indicating interaction between BG loops. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3226–3240, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increased radial glia quiescence, decreased reactivation upon injury and unaltered neuroblast behavior underlie decreased neurogenesis in the aging zebrafish telencephalon
Authors: Edelmann Kathrin , Glashauser Lena , Sprungala Susanne , Hesl Birgit , Fritschle Maike , Ninkovic Jovica , Godinho Leanne , Chapouton Prisca 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe zebrafish has recently become a source of new data on the mechanisms of neural stem cell (NSC) maintenance and ongoing neurogenesis in adult brains. In this vertebrate, neurogenesis occurs at high levels in all ventricular regions of the brain, and brain injuries recover successfully, owing to the recruitment of radial glia, which function as NSCs. This new vertebrate model of adult neurogenesis is thus advancing our knowledge of the molecular cues in use for the activation of NSCs and fate of their progeny. Because the regenerative potential of somatic stem cells generally weakens with increasing age, it is important to assess the extent to which zebrafish NSC potential decreases or remains unaltered with age. We found that neurogenesis in the ventricular zone, in the olfactory bulb, and in a newly identified parenchymal zone of the telencephalon indeed declines as the fish ages and that oligodendrogenesis also declines. In the ventricular zone, the radial glial cell population remains largely unaltered morphologically but enters less frequently into the cell cycle and hence produces fewer neuroblasts. The neuroblasts themselves do not change their behavior with age and produce the same number of postmitotic neurons. Thus, decreased neurogenesis in the physiologically aging zebrafish brain is correlated with an increasing quiescence of radial glia. After injuries, radial glia in aged brains are reactivated, and the percentage of cell cycle entry is increased in the radial glia population. However, this reaction is far less pronounced than in younger animals, pointing to irreversible changes in aging zebrafish radial glia. J. Comp. Neurol. 521: 3099–3115, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protecting source–location privacy based on multirings in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Yao Lin , Kang Lin , Deng Fangyu , Deng Jing , Wu Guowei 
Published: June 2013

SummaryWireless sensor networks (WSNs) are expected to be widely deployed to collect data in military and civilian applications. Because of the open nature of WSNs, it is easy for an adversary to eavesdrop sensor communication and to trace packets, causing privacy concern for the sensor devices. The privacy issue, especially location privacy, can be critical for monitoring applications in WSNs. A unique case of location privacy is that of the sources, which are vulnerable of being captured and target attacks. In this paper, we propose a scheme to protect the source–location privacy based on a novel use of multiring topology. To achieve a uniformly distributed traffic pattern throughout the network, the source node selects two random rings each from its external rings and internal rings and a set of two random angles with a sum of 180 degrees for each packet. The packet is sent at one of the angles in each ring. Fake packets are also injected to provide path diversity and to increase attack time, which is defined as the time that the adversary takes to locate the source successfully. These techniques protect the source node from packet tracing attacks as well as traffic analysis attacks. Our analysis and simulations, performed in the NS2 simulator and MATLAB, demonstrate that our proposed scheme can provide better spatial traffic evenness and longer attack time, along with a modest increase of hop count and energy consumption.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effects of the Formation of Stone–Wales Defects on the Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Silicon Carbide Nanoribbons: A First‐Principles Investigation
Authors: Guan Jia , Yu Guangtao , Ding Xiuling , Chen Wei , Shi Zhiming , Huang Xuri , Sun Chiachung 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDetailed first‐principles density functional theory (DFT) computations were performed to investigate the geometries, the electronic, and the magnetic properties of both armchair‐edged silicon carbide nanoribbons (aSiCNRs) and zigzag‐edged silicon carbide nanoribbons (zSiCNRs) with Stone–Wales (SW) defects. SW defects in the center of aSiCNRs can remarkably reduce their band gaps, irrespective of the orientation of the defect, whereas zSiCNRs with SW defects in the center or at the edges exhibit degenerate energies of their ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) states, in which metallic and half‐metallic behavior can be observed, respectively; half‐metallic behavior can even be observed in both the FM and AFM states simultaneously. Further, it was shown that the formation energies of the SW defects in SiCNRs are orientation dependent, and the formation of edge defects is always favored over the formation of interior defects in zSiCNRs. The possible existence of SW defects in SiCNRs was further validated through exploring the kinetic process of their formation. These findings can be anticipated to provide valuable information in promoting the potential applications of SiC‐based nanomaterials in multifunctional and spintronic nanodevices.
One‐Step Synthesis and High‐Efficiency Decoloration of Multifunctional Porous‐C/Fe3O4 Nanospheres by Using a Sandwich‐Structured Precursor with Three Roles
Authors: Wang Li‐Zu , Wen Ming , Yuan Pin‐Shi , Zhou Linyi , Wu Qing‐Sheng 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA new strategy for the one‐step synthesis of multifunctional porous‐C/Fe3O4 nanospheres has been successfully developed by using ferrocenyl formic acid as a precursor. Based on its special structure, this sandwich structural precursor of ferrocenyl formic acid plays three roles in the synthesis process: it simultaneously serves as the carbon and iron source, templating agent, and pore‐forming agent. The proposed synthesis is corroborated by characterization through SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area measurements, BJH distributions, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The average diameter of as‐synthesized porous‐C/Fe3O4 nanospheres is about 400 nm. Because of the porous structure of carbon nanospheres and its surface plasmon resonance with attached Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the as‐synthesized porous‐C/Fe3O4 nanospheres exhibit high activity toward the decoloration of rhodamine B. In addition, the resultant composites present ferromagnetic behavior with a magnetization saturation of 13.76 emu g−1, can be easily separated and recycled by an external magnet field for use in a variety of applications.
A Graphene/Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Hybrid as an Anode for High‐Performance Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhao Cui‐e , Sun Dong , Zhang Jian‐Rong , Zhu Jun‐Jie 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an innovative power‐output device, which utilizes microorganisms to metabolize fuel and transfers electrons to the electrode surface. In this study, we decorated the surface of graphene (G) with a conducting polymer, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), through galvanostatic electropolymerization to fabricate a G/PEDOT hybrid anode for an Escherichia coli MFC. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses illustrated that the G/PEDOT hybrid anode possesses a larger active surface area and lower charge‐transfer resistance than three other kinds of anodes, namely, carbon paper (CP), graphene‐modified carbon paper (CP/G), and PEDOT‐modified carbon paper (CP/PEDOT). Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the bacteria growth on the four anodes. A compact biofilm was formed on the hybrid anode owing to the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged bacteria and positively charged PEDOT backbone. The constant‐load (1 KΩ) discharge curves of MFCs with CP, CP/G, CP/PEDOT, and G/PEDOT anodes revealed that the G/PEDOT electrode had good stability and high voltage output. The G/PEDOT anode generated a maximum power density of 873 mW m−2, which is about 15 times higher than that of CP (55 mW m−2) in an H‐shaped dual‐chamber MFC. All the experimental results suggest that the performance of the G/PEDOT hybrid anode is superior to the CP, CP/G, or CP/PEDOT anode.
Computational Studies on the Mechanism of the Copper‐Catalyzed sp3‐CH Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction
Authors: Cheng Gui‐Juan , Song Li‐Juan , Yang Yun‐Fang , Zhang Xinhao , Wiest Olaf , Wu Yun‐Dong 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA detailed computational study of a copper‐catalyzed aerobic cross‐dehydrogenative coupling reaction has been conducted. To select a reliable method to describe the thermochemistry of a single electron transfer (SET) process, benchmark calculations have been performed. M06/6‐311+g(d,p) is appropriate to evaluate the thermochemistry of the SET process for the system involving iminium species. The computational results support an SET mechanism, but also uncover an alternative mechanism in which O2 is directly involved in a hydrogen‐abstracting step. A comparative study with tert‐butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant has also been performed. The computations reveal several competitive pathways, including a radical pathway, a CuIII pathway, and an SET mechanism for the Cu/TBHP system.
Versatile Eco‐friendly Pickering Emulsions Based on Substrate/Native Cyclodextrin Complexes: A Winning Approach for Solvent‐Free Oxidations
Authors: Leclercq Loïc , Company Roberto , Mühlbauer Andrea , Mouret Adrien , Aubry Jean‐Marie , Nardello‐Rataj Véronique 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSolvent‐less Pickering emulsions were developed and applied to catalytic oxidation. These systems are stabilized by inclusion complexes between cyclodextrins and substrates, forming a 3D network among the dispersed phase. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant and [Na]3[PW12O40] as a catalyst, they provide particularly efficient reaction media for the oxidation of olefins, organosulfurs, and alcohols. The reactions proceed at competitive rates (up to 400 h−1) with straightforward separation of the phases by centrifugation or heating. Moreover, these new eco‐friendly systems work at a preparative scale (up to 2.5 M) and are recycled without loss of activity.
Carbon Nanofibers Grafted on Activated Carbon as an Electrode in High‐Power Supercapacitors
Authors: Gryglewicz Grażyna , Śliwak Agata , Béguin François 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA hybrid electrode material for high‐power supercapacitors was fabricated by grafting carbon nanofibers (CNFs) onto the surface of powdered activated carbon (AC) through catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD). A uniform thin layer of disentangled CNFs with a herringbone structure was deposited on the carbon surface through the decomposition of propane at 450 °C over an AC‐supported nickel catalyst. CNF coating was controlled by the reaction time and the nickel content. The superior CNF/AC composite displays excellent electrochemical performance in a 0.5 mol L−1 solution of K2SO4 due to its unique structure. At a high scan rate (100 mV s−1) and current loading (20 A g−1), the capacitance values were three‐ and fourfold higher than those for classical AC/carbon black composites. Owing to this feature, a high energy of 10 Wh kg−1 was obtained over a wide power range in neutral medium at a voltage of 0.8 V. The significant enhancement of charge propagation is attributed to the presence of herringbone CNFs, which facilitate the diffusion of ions in the electrode and play the role of electronic bridges between AC particles. An in situ coating of AC with short CNFs (below 200 nm) is a very attractive method for producing the next generation of carbon composite materials with a high power performance in supercapacitors working in neutral medium.
Amination of Heteroaryl Chlorides: Palladium Catalysis or SNAr in Green Solvents?
Authors: Walsh Katie , Sneddon Helen F. , Moody Christopher J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe reaction of heteroaryl chlorides in the pyrimidine, pyrazine and quinazoline series with amines in water in the presence of KF results in a facile SNAr reaction and N‐arylation. The reaction is less satisfactory with pyridines unless an additional electron‐withdrawing group is present. The results showed that the transition‐metal‐free SNAr reaction not only compares favourably to palladium‐catalysed coupling reactions but also operates under environmentally acceptable (“green”) conditions in terms of the base and solvent.
Grasping the world through words: From action to linguistic production of verbs in early childhood
Authors: Levi Gabriel , Colonnello Valentina , Giacchè Roberta , Piredda Maria Letizia , Sogos Carla 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTWe investigated whether the bodily‐mediated production of verbs emerges earlier than verb recognition and oral production during early language acquisition. Children (aged 18–22, 23–27, 28–32, and 33–37 months) viewed animated pictures representing actions related to transitive and intransitive verbs and were asked to (i) orally indicate the verb presented, (ii) recognize the target verb among other verbs, and (iii) perform the actions corresponding to the target verb enunciated by the experimenter. Children 18–22 months showed a capacity to enact the verbs, while their recognition and oral production abilities were not comparably developed. Until 27 months of age, children produced more transitive than intransitive verbs across tasks. The gap between verb recognition and verb oral production was found in all ages tested. This is the first study to directly demonstrate that the ability to produce verbs, especially transitive verbs, via overt body actions emerges ontogenetically earlier than recognition and oral production. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 510–516, 2014.