bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of antioxidant phenolics in Syringa vulgaris L. flowers and fruits by HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐MS
Authors: Tóth Gergő , Barabás Csenge , Tóth Anita , Kéry Ágnes , Béni Szabolcs , Boldizsár Imre , Varga Erzsébet , Noszál Béla 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this study the polyphenolic composition of lilac flowers and fruits was determined for the first time. For the identification of compounds, accurate molecular masses and formulas, acquired by LC and ESI‐TOF‐MS and fragmentation pattern given by LC‐ESI/MS/MS analyses, were used. Our chromatographic system in conjunction with tandem MS was found to be valuable in the rapid separation and determination of the multiple constituents in methanolic extracts of lilac flowers and fruits. Altogether 34 phenolics, comprising 18 secoiridoids, seven phenylpropanoids, four flavonoids and five low‐molecular‐weight phenols, were identified. As marker compounds two secoiridoids (oleuropein and nuzhenide), two phenylpropanoids (acteoside and echinacoside) and rutin were quantified by validated methods. As a result of quantitative analysis, it was confirmed that flowers contain significant amounts of phenylpropanoids (acteoside, 2.48%; echinacoside, 0.75%) and oleuropein (0.95%), while in fruits secoiridoid oleuropein (1.09%) and nuzhenide (0.42%) are the major secondary metabolites. The radical scavenging activities of the extracts and the constituents were investigated by DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2′‐azino‐bis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid)] assays. Both extracts show remarkable antioxidant activities. Our results clearly show that lilac flowers and fruits are inexpensive, readily available natural sources of phenolic compounds with pharmacological and cosmetic applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of a high‐performance liquid chromatography method for quantification of carbamazepine with chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay
Authors: Guerrero Garduño Óscar , González‐Esquivel Dinora F. , Escalante‐Membrillo Carmen , Fernández Ángeles , Rojas‐Tomé Irma Susana , Jung Cook Helgi , Castro Nelly 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCarbamazepine is an antiepileptic drug widely used for the treatment of epilepsy. In the National Institute of Neurology, monitoring has been performed using the technique chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) in an automated way during the last five years. The aim of this study was to develop a simple and rapid HPLC analytical method coupled to DAD‐UV detection for the determination of plasma concentrations of carbamazepine and compare its feasibility with those used in routine analysis. The developed HPLC method was fully validated and the applicability of the proposed method was verified through the analysis of plasma samples of patients and later compared with the quantification of the same plasma samples with the CMIA method. The limit of quantification obtained was 0.5 μg/mL. The mean value for recovery was 99.05% and the coefficient of variation (CV) was 5.6%. The precision and accuracy of this method were within the acceptable limits; inter‐ and intraday CV values were <10%. The correlation between the CMIA method and the developed HPLC method was very good (r ≈ 0.999). A Bland–Altman plot showed no significant bias between the results. The HPLC‐DAD method may be an alternative to determine and monitoring the carbamazepine levels in human plasma or serum. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outcomes of both abbreviated hyper‐CVAD induction followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation and conventional chemotherapy for mantle cell lymphoma: a 10‐year single‐centre experience with literature review
Authors: Alwasaidi Turki Abdulaziz , Hamadah Abdulaziz , Altouri Sultan , Tay Jason , McDiarmid Sheryl , Faught Carolyn , Allan David , Huebsch Lothar , Bredeson Christopher , Bence‐Bruckler Isabelle 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients diagnosed with Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) between 01 January 2000 and 31 December 2009. Eighty eight patients with MCL were included in the analysis of whom 46 (52%) received abbreviated Hyper‐CVAD (a total of two cycles; with addition of Rituximab since 2005) with an intention of proceeding to autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto‐HCT), with a median age of 58 years. Response rate to induction at auto‐HCT time was 89% and complete response was 61%. Forty four patients received an auto‐HCT with a 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 31.2% and 62.5%, respectively. There were 42 nontransplant eligible patients with a median age of 72 years, and 5‐year PFS and OS were 0.0% and 39.9%, respectively. The median survival and PFS in the auto‐HCT eligible group were 68 and 33 months, compared to 32 and 12 months in nontransplant eligible group, without a plateauing of the survival curves in either group. Treatment‐related mortality in the auto‐HCT eligible group was 10.9% (n = 5); two patients died during R‐Hyper‐CVAD and 3 (6.8%) experienced transplant‐related mortality. An abbreviated R‐Hyper‐CVAD‐based induction strategy followed by consolidative auto‐HCT is feasible and provides moderate potential of long‐term survival. Further research to define risk‐adapted strategies; to optimize disease control, is required.
β‐Carotene Revisited by Transient Absorption and Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Quick Martin , Kasper Marc‐André , Richter Celin , Mahrwald Rainer , Dobryakov Alexander L. , Kovalenko Sergey A. , Ernsting Nikolaus P. 
Published: October 2015

Abstractβ‐Carotene in n‐hexane was examined by femtosecond transient absorption and stimulated Raman spectroscopy. Electronic change is separated from vibrational relaxation with the help of band integrals. Overlaid on the decay of S1 excited‐state absorption, a picosecond process is found that is absent when the C9‐methyl group is replaced by ethyl or isopropyl. It is attributed to reorganization on the S1 potential energy surface, involving dihedral angles between C6 and C9. In Raman studies, electronic states S2 or S1 were selected through resonance conditions. We observe a broad vibrational band at 1770 cm−1 in S2 already. With 200 fs it decays and transforms into the well‐known S1 Raman line for an asymmetric C=C stretching mode. Low‐frequency activity (<800 cm−1) in S2 and S1 is also seen. A dependence of solvent lines on solute dynamics implies intermolecular coupling between β‐carotene and nearby n‐hexane molecules.
Short‐term and long‐term effects of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment: a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Ruifei , Wang Rui , Li Haixia , Sun Sihao , Zou Meijuan , Cheng Gang 
Published: October 2015

SummaryTo assess the short‐term and long‐term effects of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment, a meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials of DPP‐4 inhibitor interventions in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment was performed. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through the end of March 2015. Randomized clinical trials were selected if (1) DPP‐4 inhibitors were compared with a placebo or other active‐comparators, (2) the treatment duration was ≥12 weeks and (3) data regarding changes in haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), changes in fasting plasma glucose or hypoglycaemia and other adverse events were reported. Of 790 studies, ten studies on eight randomized clinical trials were included. Compared with the control group, DPP‐4 inhibitors were associated with a greater HbA1c reduction in both the short‐term [mean differences (MD) = −0.45, 95% confidence intervals (−0.57, −0.33), p < 0.0001] and long‐term [MD = −0.33, 95% confidence intervals (−0.63, −0.03), p = 0.03] treatments. However, the long‐term greater reduction in HbA1c with DPP‐4 inhibitor treatment was only significant when the control treatment comprised placebo plus stable background treatment, but not glipizide plus stable background treatment. DPP‐4 inhibitors were associated with a greater fasting plasma glucose reduction [MD = −12.59, 95% confidence intervals (−22.01, −3.17), p = 0.009] over the short‐term; however, this effect was not present over the long‐term. Regarding the hypoglycaemia adverse events assessment, the long‐term treatment data indicated there was no increased risk of hypoglycaemia compared with placebo or active‐controlled anti‐diabetic drugs. The present meta‐analysis confirms that DPP‐4 inhibitors are effective and equivalent to other agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antioxidant treatment ameliorates experimental diabetes‐induced depressive‐like behaviour and reduces oxidative stress in brain and pancreas
Authors: Réus Gislaine Z. , dos Santos Maria Augusta B. , Abelaira Helena M. , Titus Stephanie E. , Carlessi Anelise S. , Matias Beatriz I. , Bruchchen Livia , Florentino Drielly , Vieira Andriele , Petronilho Fabricia , Ceretta Luciane B. , Zugno Alexandra I. , Quevedo João 
Published: October 2015

AbstractStudies have shown a relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the development of major depressive disorder. Alterations in oxidative stress are associated with the pathophysiology of both diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of antioxidants N‐acetylcysteine and deferoxamine on behaviour and oxidative stress parameters in diabetic rats. To this aim, after induction of diabetes by a single dose of alloxan, Wistar rats were treated with N‐acetylcysteine or deferoxamine for 14 days, and then depressive‐like behaviour was evaluated. Oxidative stress parameters were assessed in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens and pancreas. Diabetic rats displayed depressive‐like behaviour, and treatment with N‐acetylcysteine reversed this alteration. Carbonyl protein levels were increased in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and pancreas of diabetic rats, and both N‐acetylcysteine and deferoxamine reversed these alterations. Lipid damage was increased in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and pancreas; however, treatment with N‐acetylcysteine or deferoxamine reversed lipid damage only in the hippocampus and pancreas. Superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in the amygdala, nucleus accumbens and pancreas of diabetic rats. In diabetic rats, there was a decrease in catalase enzyme activity in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, nucleus accumbens and pancreas, but an increase in the hippocampus. Treatment with antioxidants did not have an effect on the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, animal model of diabetes produced depressive‐like behaviour and oxidative stress in the brain and periphery. Treatment with antioxidants could be a viable alternative to treat behavioural and biochemical alterations induced by diabetes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating the dual‐boundary forcing concept in subsurface–land surface interactions of the hydrological cycle
Authors: Rahman M. , Sulis M. , Kollet S. J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSubsurface and land surface processes (e.g. groundwater flow, evapotranspiration) of the hydrological cycle are connected via complex feedback mechanisms, which are difficult to analyze and quantify. In this study, the dual‐boundary forcing concept that reveals space–time coherence between groundwater dynamics and land surface processes is evaluated. The underlying hypothesis is that a simplified representation of groundwater dynamics may alter the variability of land surface processes, which may eventually affect the prognostic capability of a numerical model. A coupled subsurface–land surface model ParFlow.CLM is applied over the Rur catchment, Germany, and the mass and energy fluxes of the coupled water and energy cycles are simulated over three consecutive years considering three different lower boundary conditions (dynamic, constant, and free‐drainage) based on groundwater dynamics to substantiate the aforementioned hypothesis. Continuous wavelet transform technique is applied to analyze scale‐dependent variability of the simulated mass and energy fluxes. The results show clear differences in temporal variability of latent heat flux simulated by the model configurations with different lower boundary conditions at monthly to multi‐month time scales (~32–91 days) especially under soil moisture limited conditions. The results also suggest that temporal variability of latent heat flux is affected at even smaller time scales (~1–3 days) if a simple gravity drainage lower boundary condition is considered in the coupled model. This study demonstrates the importance of a physically consistent representation of groundwater dynamics in a numerical model, which may be important to consider in local weather prediction models and water resources assessments, e.g. drought prediction. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Drawing on What We Do as Readers
Authors: Gilles Carol , Wang Yang , Johnson Danielle 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe debate between content area and disciplinary literacy continues. Should content teachers adopt more general strategies, as often suggested by language arts teachers, or learn more discipline‐specific strategies? Neither choice positions content teachers as expert. In this inquiry, a team of middle school teachers uncovered their reading strategies in their disciplines and embedded the most useful ones in their classrooms. In this descriptive case study, field notes of team meetings, classroom observations, interviews of teachers and students, and student work samples were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that teachers were metacognitive and used both discipline‐specific and general strategies in their teaching. Learning was most powerful when the entire team collaborated to work on content connections and to give students specific ways to overcome confusion. Implications point to rethinking the divide between discipline‐specific and general strategies and promoting authentic collaboration of content area and language arts teachers.
Photo‐aligned photonic ferroelectric liquid crystal fibers
Authors: Budaszewski Daniel , Srivastava Abhishek K. , Woliński Tomasz R. , Chigrinov Vladimir G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPreliminary studies of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) partially infiltrated with photo‐aligned ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) under the influence of external electric field are reported. The proper alignment of the FLC molecules is achieved by generating a photo‐aligning layer on the inner side of the PCF microcavities. The sulfonic azo dye, which is used as an alignment layer, offers a variable anchoring energy depending on the irradiation energy, and thus, a good control on the FLC alignment inside microchannels is possible. Moreover, a state of polarization of the light being guided inside the PCF infiltrated selectively with FLC changes under the influence of external electric field.
Arbitrary pretilt and azimuth angles generation by stacked photoalignment layers
Authors: Lee Chung‐Yung , Li Yuet‐Wing , Tseng Man‐Chun , Chigrinov Vladimir G. , Kwok Hoi‐Sing 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe report a method of fabricating a nano‐sized stack alignment layer. The stacked alignment layer consists of nano‐domains of vertical and planar alignment materials. Experiments reveal that photoalignment thin film can undergo dewetting and form discrete nano‐sized domains. Such self‐organized structure creates a discontinuous layer stacked on top of a continuous layer and hence produces an inhomogeneous alignment surface. With two or more different principle alignment directions, this new alignment layer is capable of producing multiple pretilt and azimuth angle domains on a single substrate.
Aggregate‐induced emission in light‐emitting liquid crystal display technology
Authors: Zhao Dongyu , Fan Fan , Chigrinov Vladimir G. , Kwok Hoi Sing , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNowadays, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) with light‐emission are considered as energy‐efficient devices and are promising alternatives to conventional LCDs. To realize such possibility, strong fluorescent materials with a dichroic properties are required. Aggregate‐induced emission (AIE) is an unusual photophysical phenomenon shown by some luminogenic materials that will be highly emissive in their aggregate state. In this work, we studied the AIE effect of a luminescent liquid crystalline molecule TPE‐PPE in our LC system as a luminophore dopant. The result showed the excellent AIE effect that higher concentration of luminogen in the nematic LC host induced stronger luminescent intensity. Through exposure of a photoisomeriable alignment material sulfonic‐dye‐1, the photopatterning of a light‐emitting LC device was achieved with the use of the TPE‐PPE/nematic LC mixture.
Microbial conversion of pyrolytic products to biofuels: a novel and sustainable approach toward second-generation biofuels
Authors: Islam Zia Ul , Zhisheng Yu , Hassan El Barbary , Dongdong Chang , Hongxun Zhang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis review highlights the potential of the pyrolysis-based biofuels production, bio-ethanol in particular, and lipid in general as an alternative and sustainable solution for the rising environmental concerns and rapidly depleting natural fuel resources. Levoglucosan (1,6-anhydrous-β-d-glucopyranose) is the major anhydrosugar compound resulting from the degradation of cellulose during the fast pyrolysis process of biomass and thus the most attractive fermentation substrate in the bio-oil. The challenges for pyrolysis-based biorefineries are the inefficient detoxification strategies, and the lack of naturally available efficient and suitable fermentation organisms that could ferment the levoglucosan directly into bio-ethanol. In case of indirect fermentation, acid hydrolysis is used to convert levoglucosan into glucose and subsequently to ethanol and lipids via fermentation biocatalysts, however the presence of fermentation inhibitors poses a big hurdle to successful fermentation relative to pure glucose. Among the detoxification strategies studied so far, over-liming, extraction with solvents like (n-butanol, ethyl acetate), and activated carbon seem very promising, but still further research is required for the optimization of existing detoxification strategies as well as developing new ones. In order to make the pyrolysis-based biofuel production a more efficient as well as cost-effective process, direct fermentation of pyrolysis oil-associated fermentable sugars, especially levoglucosan is highlly desirable. This can be achieved either by expanding the search to identify naturally available direct levoglusoan utilizers or modify the existing fermentation biocatalysts (yeasts and bacteria) with direct levoglucosan pathway coupled with tolerance engineering could significantly improve the overall performance of these microorganisms.
Adolescent vulnerability and the distress of rejection: Associations of adjustment problems and gender with control, emotions, and coping
Authors: Zimmer‐Gembeck Melanie J. , Skinner Ellen A. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe examined adjustment problems as risks for patterns of emotions, appraisals, and coping with rejection, and explored whether these processes could account for sex (boy/girl) differences in coping. Young adolescents (N = 669, grades 6–8) completed questionnaires, which assessed responses to peer rejection threat with two short scenarios. Using structural equation modeling to test a multivariate process model, adolescents with heightened social anxiety had the most maladaptive responses to rejection threat, including elevated emotional reactions, more self‐blame, and coping using more social isolation, rumination and opposition. Adolescents reporting more depressive symptoms felt less control and anticipated using less adaptive coping (less support seeking, distraction, and negotiation), whereas aggressive adolescents responded with more anger and coped via opposition. Moreover, as anticipated, sex differences in coping, symptoms, emotions, and appraisals were found. However, coping differences between boys and girls were mostly nonsignificant after accounting for symptoms, aggression, emotional reactions, and appraisals.
Evaluation of parturient perception and aversion before and after primary cesarean delivery in a low‐resource country
Authors: Adeniran Abiodun S. , Aboyeji Abiodun P. , Fawole Adegboyega A. , Balogun Olayinka R. , Adesina Kikelomo T. , Isiaka‐Lawal Salamat 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the perception of and aversion to cesarean delivery (CD) and their determinants before and after primary CD.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional survey of pregnant women undergoing primary CD (elective or emergency) was conducted in six health facilities in Ilorin, Nigeria. All participants completed an interviewer‐administered questionnaire before the operation and 3–4 days thereafter. The statistical analysis included the calculation of odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and a logistic regression.ResultsOf the 254 participants, 182 (71.7%) and 53 (20.9%) had an aversion to CD before and after the procedure, respectively. A woman's personal decision was the overriding factor influencing acceptance of the operation. Preoperative predictors of aversion were prenatal admission (OR 2.86 [95% CI,1.07–7.66]; P = 0.030) and a history of previous surgery (OR 0.42 [95% CI, 0.24–0.75]; P = 0.003), whereas postoperatively a low number of prenatal clinic visits (less than four; OR 3.05 [95% CI,1.63–5.69]; P = 0.001) and a history of previous surgery (OR 0.51 [95% CI, 0.27–0.96]; P = 0.034) were significant. Postprocedure, 164 (64.6%) women said they would accept a repeat CD.ConclusionPatient education, prenatal care, and previous surgical experiences were important in determining women's perception of and aversion to CD.
Linkage analyses in Caribbean Hispanic families identify novel loci associated with familial late‐onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Barral Sandra , Cheng Rong , Reitz Christiane , Vardarajan Badri , Lee Joseph , Kunkle Brian , Beecham Gary , Cantwell Laura S. , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Farrer Lindsay A. , Haines Jonathan L. , Goate Alison M. , Foroud Tatiana , Boerwinkle Eric , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Mayeux Richard 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionWe performed linkage analyses in Caribbean Hispanic families with multiple late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) cases to identify regions that may contain disease causative variants.MethodsWe selected 67 LOAD families to perform genome‐wide linkage scan. Analysis of the linked regions was repeated using the entire sample of 282 families. Validated chromosomal regions were analyzed using joint linkage and association.ResultsWe identified 26 regions linked to LOAD (HLOD ≥3.6). We validated 13 of the regions (HLOD ≥2.5) using the entire family sample. The strongest signal was at 11q12.3 (rs2232932: HLODmax = 4.7, Pjoint = 6.6 × 10−6), a locus located ∼2 Mb upstream of the membrane‐spanning 4A gene cluster. We additionally identified a locus at 7p14.3 (rs10255835: HLODmax = 4.9, Pjoint = 1.2 × 10−5), a region harboring genes associated with the nervous system (GARS, GHRHR, and NEUROD6).DiscussionFuture sequencing efforts should focus on these regions because they may harbor familial LOAD causative mutations.