bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical relevance of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as infection markers in renal impairment: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Park Ji Hyeon , Kim Do Hee , Jang Hye Ryoun , Kim Min-Ji , Jung Sin-Ho , Lee Jung Eun , Huh Wooseong , Kim Yoon-Goo , Kim Dae Joong , Oh Ha Young 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Although the clinical application of procalcitonin (PCT) as an infection marker in patients with impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2) has been increasing recently, it is unclear whether PCT is more accurate than C-reactive protein (CRP). We investigated the clinical value of CRP and PCT based on renal function.

Methods
From November 2008 to July 2011, a total of 493 patients who simultaneously underwent CRP and PCT tests were enrolled. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and characteristics of both markers were analyzed according to infection severity and renal function.

Results
In patients with impaired renal function, the area under the ROC curve was 0.876 for CRP and 0.876 for PCT. In patients with infection, CRP levels differed depending on whether the infection was localized, septic, or severely septic, whereas PCT levels were higher in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. In patients without infection, CRP did not correlate with eGFR, while PCT was negatively correlated with eGFR.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that CRP is accurate for predicting infection in patients with impaired renal function. The study suggests that in spite of its higher cost, PCT is not superior to CRP as an infection marker in terms of diagnostic value.
Prognosis and Conditional Disease-Free Survival Among Patients With Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kurta Michelle L. , Edwards Robert P. , Moysich Kirsten B. , McDonough Kathleen , Bertolet Marnie , Weissfeld Joel L. , Catov Janet M. , Modugno Francesmary , Bunker Clareann H. , Ness Roberta B. , Diergaarde Brenda 
Published: November 2014

Purpose Traditional disease-free survival (DFS) does not reflect changes in prognosis over time. Conditional DFS accounts for elapsed time since achieving remission and may provide more relevant prognostic information for patients and clinicians. This study aimed to estimate conditional DFS among patients with ovarian cancer and to evaluate the impact of patient characteristics. Patients and Methods Patients were recruited as part of the Hormones and Ovarian Cancer Prediction case-control study and were included in the current study if they had achieved remission after a diagnosis of cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum (N = 404). Demographic and lifestyle information was collected at enrollment; disease, treatment, and outcome information was abstracted from medical records. DFS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Conditional DFS estimates were computed using cumulative DFS estimates. Results Median DFS was 2.54 years (range, 0.03-9.96 years) and 3-year DFS was 48.2%. The probability of surviving an additional 3 years without recurrence, conditioned on having already survived 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after remission, was 63.8%, 80.5%, 90.4%, 97.0%, and 97.7%, respectively. Initial differences in 3-year DFS at time of remission between age, stage, histology, and grade groups decreased over time. Conclusion DFS estimates for patients with ovarian cancer improved dramatically over time, in particular among those with poorer initial prognoses. Conditional DFS is a more relevant measure of prognosis for patients with ovarian cancer who have already achieved a period of remission, and time elapsed since remission should be taken into account when making follow-up care decisions.
Quality of Cancer Pain Management: An Update of a Systematic Review of Undertreatment of Patients With Cancer
Authors: Greco Maria Teresa , Roberto Anna , Corli Oscar , Deandrea Silvia , Bandieri Elena , Cavuto Silvio , Apolone Giovanni 
Published: November 2014

Purpose Pain is a frequent symptom in patients with cancer, with substantial impact. Despite the availability of opioids and updated guidelines from reliable leading societies, undertreatment is still frequent. Methods We updated a systematic review published in 2008, which showed that according to the Pain Management Index (PMI), 43.4% of patients with cancer were undertreated. This review included observational and experimental studies reporting negative PMI scores for adults with cancer and pain published from 2007 to 2013 and retrieved through MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar. To detect any temporal trend and identify potential determinants of undertreatment, we compared articles published before and after 2007 with univariable, multivariable, and sensitivity analyses. Results In the new set of 20 articles published from 2007 to 2013, there was a decrease in undertreatment of approximately 25% (from 43.4 to 31.8%). In the whole sample, the proportion of undertreated patients fell from 2007 to 2013, and an association was confirmed between negative PMI score, economic level, and nonspecific setting for cancer pain. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of results. Conclusion Analysis of 46 articles published from 1994 to 2013 using the PMI to assess the adequacy of analgesic therapy suggests the quality of pharmacologic pain management has improved. However, approximately one third of patients still do not receive pain medication proportional to their pain intensity.
Impact of Spin in the Abstracts of Articles Reporting Results of Randomized Controlled Trials in the Field of Cancer: The SPIIN Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Boutron Isabelle , Altman Douglas G. , Hopewell Sally , Vera-Badillo Francisco , Tannock Ian , Ravaud Philippe 
Published: November 2014

Purpose We aimed to assess the impact of spin (ie, reporting to convince readers that the beneficial effect of the experimental treatment is greater than shown by the results) on the interpretation of results of abstracts of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the field of cancer. Methods We performed a two-arm, parallel-group RCT. We selected a sample of published RCTs with statistically nonsignificant primary outcome and with spin in the abstract conclusion. Two versions of these abstracts were used—the original with spin and a rewritten version without spin. Participants were clinician corresponding authors of articles reporting RCTs, investigators of trials, and reviewers of French national grants. The primary outcome was clinicians' interpretation of the beneficial effect of the experimental treatment (0 to 10 scale). Participants were blinded to study hypothesis. Results Three hundred clinicians were randomly assigned using a Web-based system; 150 clinicians assessed an abstract with spin and 150 assessed an abstract without spin. For abstracts with spin, the experimental treatment was rated as being more beneficial (mean difference, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.35; P = .030), the trial was rated as being less rigorous (mean difference, −0.59; 95% CI, −1.13 to 0.05; P = .034), and clinicians were more interested in reading the full-text article (mean difference, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.08 to 1.47; P = .029). There was no statistically significant difference in the clinicians' rating of the importance of the study or the need to run another trial. Conclusion Spin in abstracts can have an impact on clinicians' interpretation of the trial results.
Comparing Standard Versus Prosocial Internet Support Groups for Patients With Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Helper Therapy Principle
Authors: Lepore Stephen J. , Buzaglo Joanne S. , Lieberman Morton A. , Golant Mitch , Greener Judith R. , Davey Adam 
Published: November 2014

PurposeInternet support group (ISG) members benefit from receiving social support and, according to the helper therapy principle, by providing support to others. To test the mental health benefits of providing support to others, this trial compared the efficacy of a standard ISG (S-ISG) and an enhanced prosocial ISG (P-ISG).MethodsA two-armed randomized controlled trial with 1-month pretest and post-test assessments was conducted with women (N = 184) diagnosed in the past 36 months with nonmetastatic breast cancer who reported elevated anxiety or depression. Women were randomly assigned to either the S-ISG or P-ISG condition. Both conditions included six professionally facilitated live chat sessions (90-minute weekly sessions) and access to an asynchronous discussion board; P-ISG also included structured opportunities to help and encourage others.ResultsRelative to the S-ISG, participants in the P-ISG condition exhibited more supportive behaviors (emotional, informational, and companionate support), posted more messages that were other-focused and fewer that were self-focused, and expressed less negative emotion (P < .05). Relative to the S-ISG, participants in the P-ISG condition had a higher level of depression and anxiety symptoms after the intervention (P < .05).ConclusionDespite the successful manipulation of supportive behaviors, the P-ISG did not produce better mental health outcomes in distressed survivors of breast cancer relative to an S-ISG. The prosocial manipulation may have inadvertently constrained women from expressing their needs openly, and thus, they may not have had their needs fully met in the group. Helping others may not be beneficial as a treatment for distressed survivors of breast cancer.
Survival Among Patients With Pancreatic Cancer and Long-Standing or Recent-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yuan Chen , Rubinson Douglas A. , Qian Zhi Rong , Wu Chen , Kraft Peter , Bao Ying , Ogino Shuji , Ng Kimmie , Clancy Thomas E. , Swanson Richard S. , Gorman Megan J. , Brais Lauren K. , Li Tingting , Stampfer Meir J. , Hu Frank B. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Kulke Matthew H. , Fuchs Charles S. , Wolpin Brian M. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose Long-standing diabetes is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and recent-onset diabetes in the several years before diagnosis is a consequence of subclinical pancreatic malignancy. However, the impact of diabetes on survival is largely unknown. Patients and Methods We analyzed survival by diabetes status among 1,006 patients diagnosed from 1986 to 2010 from two prospective cohort studies: the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). We validated our results among 386 patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2013 from a clinic-based case series at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, diagnosis year, and cancer stage. Results In NHS and HPFS, HR for death was 1.40 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.69) for patients with long-term diabetes (> 4 years) compared with those without diabetes (P < .001), with median survival times of 3 months for long-term diabetics and 5 months for nondiabetics. Adjustment for a propensity score to reduce confounding by comorbidities did not change the results. Among DFCI patient cases, HR for death was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.07 to 2.20) for those with long-term diabetes compared with those without diabetes (P = .02), with median survival times of 9 months for long-term diabetics and 13 months for nondiabetics. Compared with nondiabetics, survival times were shorter for long-term diabetics who used oral hypoglycemics or insulin. We observed no statistically significant association of recent-onset diabetes (< 4 years) with survival. Conclusion Long-standing diabetes was associated with statistically significantly decreased survival among patients with pancreatic cancer enrolled onto three longitudinal studies.
Germline Mutations in SUFU Cause Gorlin Syndrome–Associated Childhood Medulloblastoma and Redefine the Risk Associated With PTCH1 Mutations
Authors: Smith Miriam J. , Beetz Christian , Williams Simon G. , Bhaskar Sanjeev S. , O'Sullivan James , Anderson Beverley , Daly Sarah B. , Urquhart Jill E. , Bholah Zaynab , Oudit Deemesh , Cheesman Edmund , Kelsey Anna , McCabe Martin G. , Newman William G. , Evans D. Gareth R. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose Heterozygous germline PTCH1 mutations are causative of Gorlin syndrome (naevoid basal cell carcinoma), but detection rates > 70% have rarely been reported. We aimed to define the causative mutations in individuals with Gorlin syndrome without PTCH1 mutations. Methods We undertook exome sequencing on lymphocyte DNA from four unrelated individuals from families with Gorlin syndrome with no PTCH1 mutations found by Sanger sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), or RNA analysis. Results A germline heterozygous nonsense mutation in SUFU was identified in one of four exomes. Sanger sequencing of SUFU in 23 additional PTCH1-negative Gorlin syndrome families identified a SUFU mutation in a second family. Copy-number analysis of SUFU by MLPA revealed a large heterozygous deletion in a third family. All three SUFU-positive families fulfilled diagnostic criteria for Gorlin syndrome, although none had odontogenic jaw keratocysts. Each SUFU-positive family included a single case of medulloblastoma, whereas only two (1.7%) of 115 individuals with Gorlin syndrome and a PTCH1 mutation developed medulloblastoma. Conclusion We demonstrate convincing evidence that SUFU mutations can cause classical Gorlin syndrome. Our study redefines the risk of medulloblastoma in Gorlin syndrome, dependent on the underlying causative gene. Previous reports have found a 5% risk of medulloblastoma in Gorlin syndrome. We found a < 2% risk in PTCH1 mutation–positive individuals, with a risk up to 20× higher in SUFU mutation–positive individuals. Our data suggest childhood brain magnetic resonance imaging surveillance is justified in SUFU-related, but not PTCH1-related, Gorlin syndrome.
Foreign Experience of Authentic Estimation in Profile Teaching with Application of a Portfolio Activity Tasks and Projects
Authors: Новикова  , Novikova Tatyana 
Published: November 2014

The article reveals the issues of estimation and its strategy changes in foreign countries. The attention is paid to alternative methods and technologies of
estimation, which allow estimating &#34;the advanced skills&#34; of pupils and that is technology of portfolio. This article describes therequirements which allow
making authentic estimation. There is an answer to the question: why the Russian and foreign school needs a portfolio. It describes the types of portfolio
and gives the characteristic of an effective portfolio. It reveals the procedures of portfolio formation. There are examples of possible portfolio usage. It
considers the requirements to portfolio, used in profile training, rules of its presentation, criteria of estimation, with the use of case-stadi method.
Spatially resolved measurement of hydroxyl
(OH) radical concentration in a microwave
plasma jet by planar laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: Voráč Jan , Hnilica Jaroslav , Kudrle Vít , Dvořák Pavel 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The spatially resolved concentration of OH radicals in the effluent of a microwave (MW) surfatron plasma jet was measured by planar laser-induced fluorescence. Two cases were compared – constant MW power and MW power modulated by 80 Hz. In both cases the maximal concentration was at the tip of the visible discharge, but for constant MW power the OH was spread over a larger volume. The maximum concentration in both cases was on the order of 1022 m-3.
Emission characteristics of laser ablation-hollow cathode glow discharge spectral source
Authors: Karatodorov Stefan , Mihailov Valentin , Grozeva Margarita 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The emission characteristics of a scheme combining laser ablation as sample introduction source and hollow cathode discharge as excitation source are presented. The spatial separation of the sample material introduction by laser ablation and hollow cathode excitation is achieved by optimizing the gas pressure and the sample-cathode gap length. At these conditions the discharge current is maximized to enhance the analytical lines intensity.
Influence of a plasma jet on the viability
of Candida albicans
Authors: Moravský Ladislav , Klas Matej , Machová Eva , Pisklová Katarina , Matejčík Štefan 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A rapid growth of interest in low temperature plasma in medicine in recent years has given a rise to a number of different applications. We report a low cost kHz driven argon plasma jet with flow rate less than 0.15 L min-1 suitable for treatment of small areas infected with the wide-spread yeast pathogen Candida albicans. The plasma jet has been applied for inactivation of
C. albicans seeded on an agar surface as well as yeast suspensions. The effects of different treatment parameters (gas composition, distance and treatment time) have been studied on the efficiency of yeast inactivation. C. albicans viability was evaluated by XTT assay and by measuring diameters of circular transparent zones.
Atmospheric pressure glow discharge in air used for ethanol conversion: experiment and modelling
Authors: Arkhipenko Valery I. , Kirillov Andrey A. , Simonchik Leanid V. , Safronau Yauhen A. , Chernukho Andrey P. , Migoun Aleksey N. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Complex theoretical and experimental investigation of ethanol into syngas conversion assisted by DC atmospheric pressure discharge with plasma cathode is presented. Infrared absorption spectroscopy together with the equation for the conservation of the number of atoms at the inlet and outlet of the reactor are used to determine the composition of syngas, the main components of which are hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and acetylene. It is shown that the plasma-chemical reactor enables efficient (over 90%) ethanol into syngas conversion with an output of 2 L min-1 and at energy costs of about 3 electron-volts per one hydrogen molecule. Numerical modeling of conversion kinetics at discharge conditions was performed assuming thermal nature of the process. Experimental and calculated data are in good agreement.
Hydrogen production from ethanol in nitrogen microwave plasma at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Hrycak Bartosz , Czylkowski Dariusz , Miotk Robert , Dors Miroslaw , Jasinski Mariusz , Mizeraczyk Jerzy 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Hydrogen seems to be one of the most promising alternative energy sources. It is a renewable fuel as it could be produced from e.g. waste or bio-ethanol. Furthermore hydrogen is compatible with fuel cells and is environmentally clean. In contrast to conventional methods of hydrogen production such as water electrolysis or coal gasification we propose a method based on atmospheric pressure microwave plasma. In this paper we present results of the experimental investigations of hydrogen production from ethanol in the atmospheric pressure plasma generated in
waveguide-supplied cylindrical type nozzleless
microwave (2.45 GHz) plasma source (MPS). Nitrogen was used as a working gas. All experimental tests were performed with the nitrogen flow rate Q ranged from 1500 to
3900 NL h-1 and absorbed microwave power PA up to
5 kW. Ethanol was introduced into the plasma using the induction heating vaporizer. The process resulted in an ethanol conversion rate greater than 99%. The hydrogen production rate was up to 728 NL[H2] h-1 and the energy efficiency was 178 NL[H2] per kWh of absorbed microwave energy.
A pécsi egészségtudományi képzések megjelenése és előzményei
Authors: Betlehem József 
Published: November 2014

Die Erscheinung und die Voraussetzungen der gesundheitwissenschaftlichen Bildungen in Pécs

Bei der Untersuchung der neuesten Geschichte der Universität Pécs ist die Entwicklung der medizinischen Ausbildung dokumentarisch gut zu ertappen. Während der präventiven und heilenden Tätigkeit im Allgemeinen bzw. neben der Medizin wurde für die Entwicklung und Ausbildung von zahlreichen anderen Gesundheitsberufen in unserem Land lediglich wenig Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt.
Die Studie zielt darauf ab, über die Entwicklung der nicht-medizinisch gesundheitlichen (in heutiger Form gesundheitwissenschaftlichen) Bereiche und über deren Gesichte bezüglich der Ausbildung in Pécs ein klares Bild zu geben.
Ein weiteres Ziel war, die Vorgeschichte der Ausbildung der Gesundheitsberufe in Pécs und Bratislava bzw. deren elementaren Ausbildungsformen mit der Universität verbunden und der heutigen Struktur der Universität Pécs zu präsentieren. Während der Überblickstudie führte der Autor die Analyse von Primär- und Sekundärquellen durch.
Die Ausbildung der Gesundheitsberufe in Pécs bezüglich der Pflegekräfte und Geburtshelfer schloss bis zum 20-sten Jahrhundert der Ausbildungsstruktur der Gesundheitsversorgung der Großstädte außerhalb der Hauptstadt in Ungarn an. Nach der Umsetzung der königlich-ungarischen Elisabeth-Universität in Bratislava nach Pécs ist die Arbeit von Heim Pál bemerkenswert, der nach der Organisation eines Netzwerkes für Säuglings- und Mutterfürsorge auch in Pécs strebte.
Die landesweiten Bestrebungen in den 1920–30 Jahren für die Förderung der Pflegeausbildung, verbunden mit den Namen von Johan Béla sind aber leider nicht zu identifizieren. In den Städten, in denen zu dieser Zeit die Medizinausbildung stattgefunden war (Budapest, Debrecen, Kolozsvár–Szeged), wurde das Nationale Institut für Pflege- und Fürsorgeinausbildung lediglich in Pécs nicht ins Leben gerufen.
Ab 1990 kann man in Pécs über gesundheitwissenschaftliche Ausbildungen in die Hochschulausbildung integriert (am Anfang auf Hochschul- später auf Universitätsniveau) sprechen. In dieser Entwicklung erwarb die Universität von Pécs jedoch in mehrerer Hinsicht eine führende Rolle, besonders mit dem Start von Ausbildungen für Pflegekräfte und sog. Fürsorgerin (Sozialarbeiter im Jugendamt) auf Masterniveau und mit der Verwirklichung von Promotionsprogram, und tat es deutlich vor der Hauptstadt.
Bis zum Anfang der 21-sten Jahrhundert erreichte die Universität, dass es Ausbildungen gemäß der internationalen Systeme der Gesundheitsausbildungen, dem Bologna-Prozess angeschlossen, verwirklicht und passte sich an der Ausbildungspraxis der west-europäischen und transatlantischen Ländern.
Fotó: Magyar Nemzeti Digitális Archívum / Csorba Győző Könyvtár Helyismereti Gyűjtemény