bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the quality of evidence for verbal autopsy diagnosis of stroke in Vietnam
Authors: Gupta Sachin , Khieu Thi Quynh Trang , Rao Chalapati , Anh Ngo , Hoa Nguyen Phuong 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
Background: Information on the leading causes of mortality will continue to rely on verbal autopsy (VA) in developing countries. The accuracy of VA methods in correctly ascertaining the cause for each individual death is crucial in order to have confidence in the data collected through the procedure. Accuracy of the VA procedure is generally established by carrying out validation studies involving a comparison of the underlying cause of death derived from the VA with a reference underlying cause from medical records. Such validation is only possible in cases for which clinical records are available, and this is clearly not the case for most deaths in developing countries. We attempt to verify the accuracy of VA evidence by reviewing the responses to specific symptom questions and other information recorded in verbal autopsy questionnaires that were assigned cerebrovascular conditions (stroke) as causes of death upon physician review in Vietnam. Materials and Methods: A national sample mortality surveillance activity identified deaths and causes of death that had occurred during 2008 in selected communes in 16 provinces distributed across Vietnam. All cases from the northern provinces of Hanoi, Hai Duong, Quang Ninh and Thanh Hoa with ICD codes pertaining to cerebrovascular diseases were identified. A total of 326 VA questionnaires for deaths from cerebrovascular diseases were reviewed and analysed in detail for the presence of symptoms pertaining to stroke. The respondents’ narration of the chronological disease history and the hospital diagnosis was also examined with an aim to explore supporting signs for diagnosis and to verify the quality of VA interview. Differences between responses among cases with and without hospital admission were examined using Chi-squared test of statistical significance. Results: Ninty percent of the cases diagnosed as stroke were found to have positive response to the key symptoms; viz., paralysis (in structured question or free text) and history of stroke. For the remaining 10% of cases, stroke was assigned as a cause-of-death based on other suggestive cardiac signs and symptoms such as hypertension, unconsciousness, or headache, etc. Community had different perspectives of “paralysis” and “stroke” which might have affected the diagnosis of stroke in some aspects. Respondents of cases with hospital admission or visit were found to have a better recall of disease symptoms than those without hospital admission. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the possible utility of VA content analysis method to back up the low coverage of conventional validation studies in developing countries owing to nonavailability of medical records. The understanding of the VA content would also form the basis for improvement in the quality of interviews and collection of data to achieve better quality information in future.
The effect of vitamin A supplementation on stimulated T-cell proliferation with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Jafarirad Sima , Siassi Fereydoon , Harirchian Mohammad-Hossein , Sahraian Mohammad-Ali , Eshraghian Mohammad-Reza , Shokri Fazel , Amani Reza , Bitarafan Sama , Mozafari Sabah , Saboor-Yaraghi Aliakbar 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease whereby myelin sheath of the central nervous system is destroyed. Vitamin A is known to play a role in the immune system. It has been recognized that some metabolites of vitamin A can be used effectively to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Aims: The effect of vitamin A as retinyl palmitate on T-cell proliferation in MS patients. Setting and Design: This study is a double blind clinical trial of two test groups over a period of 6 months. Materials and Methods: Thirty five multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were divided into two groups. One group received 25,000 IU/day vitamin A (as retinyl palmitate) and the other group were administered a placebo. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated and stimulated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) before and after the trial period. BrdU calorimetric assay was performed to measure cell proliferation. Statistical Analysis: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and paired t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Observations showed statistical significant differences in the reduction of cell proliferation in the presence of MOG and fetal calf serum (FCS) in the culture medium, between patients receiving vitamin A and the placebo (P = 0.046). Although, this difference was not significant between the two vitamin A and placebo groups in MOG treatment with human serum, a decrease was observed in the group of patients taking vitamin A supplements (P = 0.019). Phytohemagglutinin did not cause any change in cell proliferation between the two groups. Conclusion: The results suggest supplementation with retinyl palmitate in patients with MS reduce MOG stimulatory effects on T-cells.
Experimental study of neuropharmacological profile of Euphorbia pulcherrima in mice and rats
Authors: Singh Kundan Kr , Rauniar Gajendra P , Sangraula Himal 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
Context: Euphorbia pulcherrima (EP) belongs to the family: Euphorbiaceae and Genus: Euphorbia. Many species of Euphorbia have been reported as having beneficial properties like anticonvulsive effect, central analgesic properties, antipyretic action, central depressant action and strong sedative effect. However, little study has been done and published on EP. Aims: To observe and evaluate various neuropharmacological effects like antinociceptive effect, anticonvulsant effect, motor in-coordination, pentobarbital induced sleeping time and behavioral responses of EP in mice and rats. Setting and Design: Quantitative experimental study in mice and rats by various experimental models. Materials and Methods: Different experimental models were used to assess the antinociceptive effect (hotplate, tail flick and acetic acid induced writhing test), anticonvulsant effect (Maximal Electroshock Seizure test [MES] and Pentylenetetrazole induced seizures [PTZ]), motor in-coordination effect (Rota rod test), pentobarbital induced sleeping time and behavioral responses of EP in mice and rats after oral administration of EP crude dried extracts in three different doses (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg). Statistical Analysis Used: The significance of difference with respect to control was evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. A probability (P-value) level less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: In MES test model, duration of tonic hind limb extension in mice treated with EP was significantly less as compared to vehicle treated group. EP was most effective in a dose of 1000 mg/kg. There was also significant increase in the latency and decrease in the incidence of convulsions with the use of EP in three different doses in PTZ induced seizure model. Conclusions: This study showed EP (crude dried) extracts to possess anticonvulsant properties but no effect on motor co-ordination and anxiety.
An observational study of foot lifts asymmetry during obstacle avoidance
Authors: Tomar Ujjawal Singh , Gupta Nalina 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
Background: Specific information regarding obstacle-clearance strategies used by community-dwelling young and elderly is scant in the literature, and physical barriers encountered in real-life situations have not been used in most of the studies. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine foot lift asymmetry during obstacle avoidance in young and elderly subjects. Settings and Design: This was an observational study. Materials and Methods: Thirty elderly and 30 young individuals were taken for the study. All the subjects were evaluated using different scales and foot lift asymmetry was measured on a walkway using three obstacles of different heights. Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) value of the asymmetric index of the young was 3.25±0.28 and the mean and SD value of the asymmetric index of the elderly was 3.53±0.47. The asymmetric index of the elderly population was found to be higher than that of the younger population. Conclusion: The asymmetric index of the elderly population was found to be higher than that of the younger population, though it is not clinically significant.
Endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoid surgery of pituitary adenoma
Authors: Yadav YR , Sachdev S , Parihar V , Namdev H , Bhatele PR 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTEndoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoid surgery (EETS) is increasingly used for pituitary lesions. Pre-operative CT and MRI scans and peroperative endoscopic visualization can provide useful anatomical information. EETS is indicated in sellar, suprasellar, intraventricular, retro-infundibular, and invasive tumors. Recurrent and residual lesions, pituitary apoplexy and empty sella syndrome can be managed by EETS. Modern neuronavigation techniques, ultrasonic aspirators, ultrasonic bone curette can add to the safety. The binostril approach provides a wider working area. High definition camera is much superior to three-chip camera. Most of the recent reports favor EETS in terms of safety, quality of life and tumor resection, hospital stay, better endocrinological, and visual outcome as compared to the microscopic technique. Nasal symptoms, blood loss, operating time are less in EETS. Various naso-septal flaps and other techniques of CSF leak repair could help reduce complications. Complications can be further reduced after achieving the learning curve, good understanding of limitations with proper patient selection. Use of neuronavigation, proper post-operative care of endocrine function, establishing pituitary center of excellence and more focused residency and endoscopic fellowship training could improve results. The faster and safe transition from microscopic to EETS can be done by the team concept of neurosurgeon/otolaryngologist, attending hands on cadaveric dissection, practice on models, and observation of live surgeries. Conversion to a microscopic or endoscopic-assisted approach may be required in selected patients. Multi-modality treatment could be required in giant and invasive tumors. EETS appears to be a better surgical option in most pituitary adenoma.
Cerebral tuberculoma as a manifestation of paradoxical reaction in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Das Anirban , Das Sibes Kumar , Mandal Abhijit , Halder Arup Kumar 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTExpansion of cerebral tuberculomas or their new appearance as a manifestation of paradoxical reaction in patients under antituberculous chemotherapy is well documented. Distinguishing paradoxical reaction from disease progression or treatment failure is an important issue in tuberculosis management. Five cases of cerebral tuberculomas are reported here as manifestations of paradoxical reaction in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis on antituberculous treatment. Case 1 and 2 had tuberculous meningitis, Case 3 had miliary tuberculosis, Case 4 had miliary tuberculosis and destructive vertebral lesions, and Case 5 had pulmonary tuberculosis. Continuation of antituberculous drugs and addition of steroids led to full recovery of all patients.
Primary extradural hydatid cyst extended to paraspinal muscles
Authors: Boulahroud Omar , Sharma B.S. , Dao Ibrahim , Asri Cherif Abad El , Boucetta Mohammed 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTPrimary spinal epidural hydatid cyst without bony involvement is extremely rare. Authors report the case of a 44-yearold female brought to their attention for a rapidly progressive paraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed extradural multiple cysts with “bunch of grapes” appearance extended to the paraspinal muscles through neural foramina without bony involvement on computed tomography (CT) scan. Histopathologic examination after a surgical approach confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid cyst. The early postoperative period showed a progressive improvement of her neurological deficit. The long-term follow-up under discontinued antihelminthic chemotherapy was uneventful.
Morganella morganii, subspecies morganii, biogroup A: An unusual causative pathogen of brain abscess
Authors: Patil Asha B. , Nadagir Shobha D. , Lakshminarayana S. A. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
Morganella morganii is a gram negative aerobe , found often as intestinal commensal. It is commonly implicated in Urinary tract infections and pyogenic infections, but rarely causes CNS infections especially brain abscess. There are very few published reports of Morganella morganii as a causative pathogen in brain abscess. High index of suspicion of this pathogen is important in cases of brain abscess secondary to otogenic infections. This paper reports an unusual case of Morganella morganii, subspecies morganii, biogroup A Brain abscess .The paper also reviews other infections caused by Morganell morganii.
Neurocysticercosis presenting as Millard Gubler syndrome
Authors: Prasad Rajniti , Kapoor Kanika , Mishra O.P. , Srivastava Arvind 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTNeurocysticercosis is a common childhood neurological illness in India. A variety of presentations have been reported in the literature, including weber syndrome. Neurocysticercosis, manifesting as Millard Gubler syndrome, have not been reported in literature. Therefore, we report a child presented to us with Millard Gubler syndrome due to pontomedullary neurocysticercosis and was treated successfully.
Multiple oligodendroglioma with pseudoprogression
Authors: Matsuyama Junko 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTA 72 year-old male hospitalized with aphasia, abnormal behavior, and rapidlyprogressive dementia.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced by contrast media demonstrated multiplebrain tumors in left parietal lobe and left paraventricular region. Biopsy was performed,andhistopathological examination and genetical evaluation revealed anaplasticoligodendroglioma. Local radiation 50Gy was given, and Temozolomide via orallyadministered for 42 days. After the chemoradiotherapy, even though the parietal tumorshowed lessening of the size, enlargement of the tumor in the left paraventricularregion was observed, and we considered that phenomenon was pseudoprogression. 5courses of Temozolomide therapy was added, but cerebellar tumor appeared andenlarged with hydrocephalus, and died 1 year and 3 months after the firsthospitalization.
Giant osteoid osteoma of the ethmoid bone with unusual large nidus
Authors: Müslüman Ahmet Murat , Yilmaz Adem , Oba Ersin , Kabukcuoglu Fevziye , Uysal Ender 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTOsteoid osteoma (OO) is a benign bone neoplasm which is seen in the long bones of appendicular skeleton. It is rarely seen in the cranium.Ethmoid bone OO has been very rarely reported so far. We report another case of giant osteoid osteoma involving the ethmoid bone with intraorbital and intracranial extension in a 3O year old female patient. This case with unusual anatomical location was presented. It is first time reporting a giant osteoid osteoma of ethmoid bone with such a large nidus.
Miliary brain metastases from occult lung adenocarcinoma: Radiologic and histopathologic confirmation
Authors: Kahveci Ramazan , Gürer Bora , Sekerci Zeki , Kaygusuz Gülşah 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT“Miliary brain metastases”, also termed as “Carcinomatous encephalitis”, are an extremely rare form of cerebral metastasis. Here in this article, we report a 52 year-old male patient with miliary brain metastases originating from occult lung adenocarcinoma. There were no significant findings on his initial physical and neurological examinations except limited cooperation. Brain computed tomography revealed edematous regions at the inferior sections of both parietal lobes. Then after, the contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed innumerable multi-dimensional lesions associated with surrounding edema on T2-weighted images. The proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed increases in the choline and lipid peaks with decreased N-acetylaspartate in a similar manner with metastatic brain tumors. Histopathological findings pointed out that malignant epithelial tumor metastasis were originating in primary lung adenocarcinoma. Despite the advances in technical equipments and medical knowledge, miliary metastatic brain tumors are quite rare and the differential diagnosis is difficult. Our aim in this article was to present this rare case in which the lung was thought to be the primary focus; and outline the radiological characteristics. Also, we believe that the findings presented by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy may contribute to making a differential diagnosis.
Occipital dermal sinus with a vermian dermoid
Authors: Srikantha Umesh , Khanapure Kiran , Nirmala S. , Varma Ravi Gopal 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTCongenital occipital dermal sinus with an underlying dermoid is a rare, benign lesion of embryological origin and may occur anywhere along the neuraxis. We present a case of a 15-year-old girl with a vermian dermoid and an occipital dermal sinus. Gross total resection of the lesion was done and post-operative period was uneventful. A detailed review of the literature is also covered.
Seizure and embolic stroke secondary to patent foramen ovale in a migrant girl
Authors: Turner Joseph V. , Turner Joseph V. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTEpisodes of loss-of-consciousness in school-aged children are not uncommon and include metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, and psychiatric/psychosocial causes. This case describes a first episode of seizure in an 11-year-old migrant girl. History and language issues contributed to the diagnostic dilemma. Ongoing neurological symptoms prompted transfer to a tertiary care facility where investigation revealed patent foramen ovale (PFO) with likely paradoxical embolus. Prevalence and management of this condition is briefly reviewed in the context of the current presentation.
Diffusion-weighted imaging: As the first diagnostic clue to Creutzfeldt Jacob disease
Authors: Kumaran Sunitha P. , Gupta Kanchan , Pushpa B. T. , Viswamitra Sanjaya , Joshy E. V. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTWe describe a case report where the diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD) was suspected by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiologist in a 75-year-old lady who presented with rapid cognitive decline. MRI revealed cortical T2 and FLAIR(fluid attenuation and inversion recovery) hyperintensities in bilateral fronto-parietal and temporo-occipital locations and showed significant restriction on diffusion-weighted images(DWI). In this case report, we discuss the role of MRI to suspect the diagnosis of CJD in appropriate clinical settings.
Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome
Authors: Behera Manas R. , Patnaik Sibabrata , Mohanty Aswini K. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTA 14-month-old male child presented with recurrent generalized seizures, spastic hemiplegia, microcephaly and had developmental delay in motor and speech domains. CT of the brain revealed characteristic features diagnostic of infantile type of cerebral hemiatrophy or Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome.
Endoscopic assisted microsurgical removal of cerebello-pontine angle and prepontine epidermoid
Authors: Chowdhury Forhad H. , Haque Mohammod R. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTCerebello-pontine(CP) angle and prepontine epidermoid tumors are challenging lesions because they grow along the subarachnoid spaces around the very important neurovascular structures and often extend into the supratentorial compartment. They have typically been removed through a variety of anterolateral, lateral, and posterolateral cranial base microsurgical approaches. Sometime they were removed by the endoscope-assisted microneurosurgical (EAM) techniques. Here we report a CP angle and preontine epidermoid tumor extended to supratentorial compartment presented with trigeminal neuralgia that was removed by pure endoscopic visualization through retrosigmoid retromastoid lateral suboccipital approach. (The method of using endoscope along with surgical instruments passing along the sides of endoscope is termed as Endoscope-Controlled Microsurgery—ECM.) So far our knowledge, in the literature this type of report is probably very rare.
A casa da sabedoria - Uma leitura dos estatutos da Biblioteca Pública de Évora de 1811
Authors: Lourenço Vaz Francisco António 
Published: October 2012

La Biblioteca Pública de Évora debe su fundación y sus valiosos fondos a la iniciativa de D. Manuel del Cenáculo. Los primeros años de la institución fueron marcados por la inestabilidad y la guerra, la biblioteca fue saqueada por el ejército francés en 1808 y una parte sustancial de su colección fue destruida. Con los Estatutos de 1811, el fundador dotaba la biblioteca de un financiamiento generoso y de personal que quería al servicio del público e de una colección de gran valor, no sólo libros, sino también obras de arte, antigüedades y productos naturales. Con este trabajo se presenta un breve informe histórico de la biblioteca y analiza las ideas expuestas en su estatutos, comparándolos con la legislación y otros documentos nacionales e internacionales de cariz o bibliotecológico. También se evaluará el cumplimiento de un propósito establecido en el estatutos, convertir la biblioteca en una "Casa de la Sabiduría".
Psy des villes, psy des champs : quelles différences ?
Authors: St-André Élise 
Published: October 2012

Dans cette réflexion, l’auteure parle dans un premier temps de sa pratique psychiatrique actuelle dans une clinique externe de psychiatrie urbaine. Elle réfléchit sur le stress, dont souffrent de nombreux patients, et sur ses incidences sur les patients. Qu’est-ce que le stress ? Qu’est-ce que le stress posttraumatique ? Quelles sont les incidences ? Comment les patients s’y adaptent-ils ? Elle répond par des exemples cliniques. Dans la suite de sa réflexion, elle revient sur sa pratique psychiatrique rurale pour en dégager les différents aspects qui mettent en relief les différences entre la pratique psychiatrique urbaine et rurale.
Jeu pathologique chez les patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson
Authors: Nadeau Dominic , Giroux Isabelle , Dufour Julie , Simard Martine 
Published: October 2012

Le jeu pathologique consiste en une pratique inadaptée, persistante et répétée du jeu qui a des répercussions majeures sur les individus touchés, leur famille et la société (APA, 2003). Plusieurs facteurs de risque de nature biologique, psychologique et sociale ont été soulevés comme pouvant contribuer au jeu pathologique. Une nouvelle population à risque a récemment été découverte : les patients atteints de la Maladie de Parkinson. Le développement d’un jeu pathologique chez ces patients serait principalement relié à une médication associée au traitement de la Maladie de Parkinson, les agonistes dopaminergiques. Bien qu’une recrudescence d’études neurologiques qui s’intéressent à ce phénomène ait été notée, peu d’intervenants semblent être au courant de cette problématique et peu de recherches ont été réalisées afin d’étudier les aspects psychologiques de cette problématique.