bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences between Black and White South Africans in product failure attributions, anger and complaint behaviour
Authors: Donoghue Suné , Strydom Nina , Andrews Lynda , Pentecost Robin , de Klerk Helena M 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to extend an understanding of how Black and White South African consumers’ causal attributions for major household appliance performance failures impact on their anger and subsequent complaint behaviour. A survey was administered to Black and White South African consumers who were dissatisfied with the performance of a major household appliance item. Respondents resided in a major metropolitan area. The findings showed that, compared to Whites, the Black South Africans felt a low but significantly higher external locus of causality and lower control, and experienced a higher level of anger regarding product failure. The level of anger determined the decision to take complaint action, but racial group determined the type of action taken. Blacks complained more actively to retailers and engaged more in private complaint action than Whites. These findings may show that Black South Africans are developing a more individualistic orientation as consumers. Therefore, researchers should consider the effect of cultural swapping when researching consumer behaviour in multicultural countries. Implications for retailers in terms of complaint handling are indicated.
Is there a link between dietary phytoestrogens and reproductive health in men? A meta‐analysis of data from the USA and China
Authors: Lim David , Shaw Ian C. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThe human health implications of exposure to environmental pollutants and food components (e.g. phytoestrogens) that mimic the female hormone 17β‐estradiol (xenoestrogens) are a subject of significant debate. In this study, we use published data on human dietary phytoestrogen intake and sperm concentrations in the USA and China to assess effects on sperm concentration as a marker of male reproductive health. Comparison of the phytoestrogen intake and sperm concentration trends shows that in the USA phytoestrogen intake has increased from 0.8 mg day−1 in 1993 to 13.7 mg day−1 in 2005 and sperm concentration is trending down (not statistically significant), whereas in China phytoestrogen intake has decreased from 64.7 mg day−1 in 1991 to 15.6 mg day−1 in 2008, and the sperm concentration has increased from 55 × 106 mL−1 in 1999 to 74 × 106 mL−1 in 2008. We present this as evidence that phytoestrogen intake via food might, at least in part, be responsible for sperm concentration trends.
Preparation, antioxidant activity and protective effect of coconut testa oil extraction on oxidative damage to human serum albumin
Authors: Zhang Yufeng , Zheng Yajun , Duan Kejun , Gui Qing 
Published: October 2015

SummaryExtraction, physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition analysis of coconut testa oil (CTO), antioxidant activity and the protective effect on oxidative damage to human serum albumin (HSA) of coconut testa oil extract (CTOE) were investigated. Results showed that the optimal extract condition of CTO was B3A2C2 (temperature of 60 °C, material‐to‐solvent of 1:4 g mL−1 and extraction time of 3 h) with the maximum oil yield (76.83 ± 0.53%). The obtained CTO was nondrying oil with iodine value of 14.69 g per 100 g, and lauric acid was the main component of 42.28%. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of CTOE can reach to 49.81% at 2.5 mg mL−1, while antioxidant activity (AA) on the oxidation of linoleic acid dropped from 56.82% to 31.70% during the first 80 min. CTOE could prevent HSA from oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide via inhibiting the formation of protein carbonyl and increase of hydroperoxides content effectively. Total phenolic content was 68 mg g−1, and the epicatechin and catechin were 2.74 and 2.26 mg g−1 in its phenolic compositions, respectively. These all suggested CTO and CTOE might be new worthy exploiting functional sources.
Weight management care practices of English and Chinese nurses
Authors: Zhu D.Q. , While A.E. , Norman I.J. , Ye W.Q. 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundObesity is a growing global public health problem which requires all healthcare professionals to deliver weight management care within their roles.AimTo describe nurses' perceived barriers, skills and practices regarding weight‐related care and explore differences between English and Chinese nurses.MethodsA cross‐sectional, self‐administered questionnaire survey was distributed to 588 English nurses employed in a range of clinical settings and healthcare organizations and attending a large university in London (October–November 2010), and 519 Chinese nurses working in one of the largest hospitals in Shanghai, China (February–April 2011). Perceived barriers, skills and practices regarding weight‐related care were measured. Data analysis was undertaken using responses from 399 English and 466 Chinese nurses.ResultsEnglish and Chinese nurses reported similar barriers to undertaking weight‐related care practices which included two relatively new barriers, namely complex patients and the absence of clear practice guidelines. Both English and Chinese nurses reported being moderately skilled to perform weight‐related care practices with the most mean skill scores at the moderate level. Up to 11–54% of the English nurses and 10–25% of the Chinese nurses reported providing recommended weight‐related interventions for most of their patients. Generally, the English nurses reported more barriers, high‐level skills and practices regarding weight‐related care than the Chinese nurses.LimitationsThe convenience samples and self‐report data may have been sources of bias.ConclusionsA variety of barriers and limited skills may help explain the suboptimal weight‐related practices among the nurses.Implications for nursing and health policySkill development of pre‐registration and qualified nurses is indicated as well as the development of the nurse role to include weight management care of obese patients. Evidence‐based guidelines should be readily accessible to support the nurse role in weight‐related care.
A Conversation with Katherine K. Wallman
Authors: Citro Constance F. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryKatherine Wallman has had a highly distinguished career in federal statistics and has been serving as the Chief Statistician in the USA for the last 22 years. She was also the President of the American Statistical Association (ASA) in 1992. This interview starts with Wallman's early career and introduction to the field of statistics and goes on to describe her fascinating journey and many accomplishments. The interview was conducted on 19 November 2014. The author thanks Mary Ann Kasper, CNSTAT staff, for transcribing.
A model for universal social security coverage: The experience of the BRICS countries
Authors: Ghai Mridula 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe BRICS countries have made important progress in extending social security coverage. However, much remains to be achieved to realize the goal of comprehensive universal social security protection. Using policy experiences from the BRICS, the article explores the possibility of drawing from existing models of social security provision to design effective policy interventions for universalizing social security. Main principles of a framework for bridging the coverage gap are identified. These principles are then placed in complimentary and supplementary relationships to develop a framework for policy interventions to bridge the social security coverage gap and achieve universal social security.
Impact of Catheter Contact Force on Superior Vena Cava Mapping and Localization of the Right Phrenic Nerve by High Output Pacing
Authors: ICHIHARA NOBORU , MIYAZAKI SHINSUKE , NAKAMURA HIROAKI , TANIGUCHI HIROSHI , TAKAGI TAKAMITSU , HACHIYA HITOSHI , ARAKI MAKOTO , IWASAWA JIN , KUROI AKIO , IESAKA YOSHITO 
Published: October 2015

Contact Force and SVC IsolationBackgroundRight phrenic nerve injury (PNI) is a major concern during superior vena cava (SVC) isolation. Phrenic nerve (PN) localization by high‐output pacing is a standard technique for anticipating PNI. This study evaluated the impact of catheter contact force (CF) on SVC mapping and PN localization.MethodsTwenty‐one atrial fibrillation patients undergoing cardiac enhanced computed tomography (CT) were prospectively enrolled. SVC geometries were created at the SVC–right atrium junction level with low (<10 × g) and high (>10 × g) CFs. The PN was localized by high‐output pacing (10 V, 2 milliseconds) at the SVC and anterior right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) with different CFs.ResultsThe SVC cross‐sectional area was significantly greater when created with high (22.1 ± 4.9 × g) compared with low CFs (4.2 ± 1.3 × g) (5.3 ± 1.4 cm2 vs. 2.3 ± 0.7 cm2, P < 0.0001). High CFs distorted the SVC and anterior RSPV by a mean of 4.8 ± 2.5 and 4.4 ± 1.7 mm, with minimal distortion at the anteroseptal SVC. The PN was more frequently captured with a high compared with low CF at the SVC (95.2% vs. 71.4%, P = 0.038) and RSPV (66.7% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.0005). The PN capture area was also wider with a high compared with low CF at the SVC (9.0 ± 4.1 mm vs. 4.5 ± 2.8 mm, P = 0.001). The PN location was at the anterolateral, lateral, and posterolateral SVC in 3 (14.3%), 13 (61.9%), and 5 (23.8%) patients, respectively, which was identical to that identified on CT. No PNs located >1.98 mm from the RSPV were captured by RSPV pacing.ConclusionsCF impacted the SVC mapping and PN localization. Cardiac CT identified the PN location, and the distance from the pacing site influenced PN capture.
Box Isolation of Fibrotic Areas (BIFA): A Patient‐Tailored Substrate Modification Approach for Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: KOTTKAMP HANS , BERG JAN , BENDER RODERICH , RIEGER ANDREAS , SCHREIBER DOREEN 
Published: October 2015

Substrate Modification BIFA in AF AblationBackgroundCatheter ablation strategies beyond pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) are less well defined. Increasing clinical data indicate that atrial fibrosis is a critical common left atrial (LA) substrate in AF patients (pts).ObjectiveWe applied a new substrate modification concept according to the individual fibrotic substrate as estimated from electroanatomic voltage mapping (EAVM) in 41 pts undergoing catheter ablation of AF.ResultsFirst, EAVM during sinus rhythm was done in redo cases of 10 pts with paroxysmal AF despite durable PVI. Confluent low‐voltage areas (LVA) were found in all pts and were targeted with circumferential isolation, so‐called box isolation of fibrotic areas (BIFA). This strategy led to stable sinus rhythm in 9/10 pts and was transferred prospectively to first procedures of 31 pts with nonparoxysmal AF. In 13 pts (42%), no LVA (<0.5 mV) were identified, and only PVI was performed. In 18 pts (58%), additional BIFA strategies were applied (posterior box in 5, anterior box in 7, posterior plus anterior box in 5, no box in 1 due to diffuse fibrosis). Mean follow‐up was 12.5 ± 2.4 months. Single‐procedure freedom from AF/atrial tachycardia was achieved in 72.2% of pts and in 83.3% of pts with 1.17 procedures/patient.ConclusionsIn approximately 40% of pts with nonparoxysmal AF, no substantial LVA were identified, and PVI alone showed high success rate. In pts with paroxysmal AF despite durable PVI and in approximately 60% of pts with nonparoxysmal AF, individually localized LVA were identified and could be targeted successfully with the BIFA strategy.
Celecoxib prevents pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wang Fan , Zhang Yingxia , Kang Yimin , Wang Haisheng , Si Mingming , Su Liping , Xin Xue , Xue Feng , Hao Fei , Yu Lechu , Xu Jinzhong , Liu Yanlong , Xue Mingming 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTo explore the effects of celecoxib on pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy (CH), cardiac dysfunction and explore the possible protective mechanisms. We surgically created abdominal aortic constrictions (AAC) in rats to induce CH. Rats with CH symptoms at 4 weeks after surgery were treated with celecoxib [2 mg/100 g body‐weight(BW)] daily for either 2 or 4 weeks. Survival rate, blood pressure and cardiac function were evaluated after celecoxib treatment. Animals were killed, and cardiac tissue was examined for morphological changes, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Four weeks after AAC, rats had significantly higher systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, greater heart weight and enlarged cardiomyocytes, which were associated with cardiac dysfunction. Thus, the CH model was successfully established. Two weeks later, animals had impaired cardiac function and histopathological abnormalities including enlarged cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibrosis, which were exacerbated 2 weeks later. However, these pathological changes were remarkably prevented by the treatment of celecoxib, independent of preventing hypertension. Mechanistic studies revealed that celecoxib‐induced cardiac protection against CH and cardiac dysfunction was due to inhibition of apoptosis via the murine double mimute 2/P53 pathway, inhibition of inflammation via the AKT/mTOR/NF‐κB pathway and inhibition of oxidative stress via increases in nuclear factor E2‐related factor‐2‐mediated gene expression of multiple antioxidants. Celecoxib suppresses pressure overload‐induced CH by reducing apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.
Positive parenting and children's prosocial behavior in eight countries
Authors: Pastorelli Concetta , Lansford Jennifer E. , Luengo Kanacri Bernadette Paula , Malone Patrick S. , Di Giunta Laura , Bacchini Dario , Bombi Anna Silvia , Zelli Arnaldo , Miranda Maria Concetta , Bornstein Marc H. , Tapanya Sombat , Uribe Tirado Liliana Maria , Alampay Liane Pena , Al‐Hassan Suha M. , Chang Lei , Deater‐Deckard Kirby , Dodge Kenneth A. , Oburu Paul , Skinner Ann T. , Sorbring Emma 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundResearch supports the beneficial role of prosocial behaviors on children's adjustment and successful youth development. Empirical studies point to reciprocal relations between negative parenting and children's maladjustment, but reciprocal relations between positive parenting and children's prosocial behavior are understudied. In this study reciprocal relations between two different dimensions of positive parenting (quality of the mother–child relationship and the use of balanced positive discipline) and children's prosocial behavior were examined in Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States.MethodsMother–child dyads (N = 1105) provided data over 2 years in two waves (Mage of child in wave 1 = 9.31 years, SD = 0.73; 50% female).ResultsA model of reciprocal relations between parenting dimensions, but not among parenting and children's prosocial behavior, emerged. In particular, children with higher levels of prosocial behavior at age 9 elicited higher levels of mother–child relationship quality in the following year.ConclusionsFindings yielded similar relations across countries, evidencing that being prosocial in late childhood contributes to some degree to the enhancement of a nurturing and involved mother–child relationship in countries that vary widely on sociodemographic profiles and psychological characteristics. Policy and intervention implications of this study are discussed.
Thuja occidentalis: identification of volatiles and electroantennographic response by the invasive cedar bark beetle, Phloeosinus aubei
Authors: Bozsik G. , Tröger A. , Francke W. , Szőcs G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRecently, the distribution of the Mediterranean cedar bark beetle, Phloeosinus aubei Perris (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), has expanded to Central Europe. Reported mostly on cypress in the Mediterranean area, potential host plants in the invaded range include other scale‐leafed conifers, such as cultivars of arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis L. To reveal potential kairomonal cues for P. aubei, volatiles of T. occidentalis were collected and analysed by gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC‐EAD). Assignments of chemical structures of antennally active components were carried out by gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) using authentic reference samples. Antennal responses to synthetic samples of the identified compounds were studied by electroantennography (EAG), with antennae of female and male P. aubei. GC‐EAD analysis of head space volatiles of T. occidentalis revealed 22 antennally active compounds, of which 21 were identified. The most abundant components were α‐ and β‐thujone, fenchone, camphor, terpinen‐4‐ol, bornyl acetate and α‐terpinyl acetate, all of which are oxygenated monoterpenes. When EAG activities of synthetic samples were compared, the most intensive responses from female antennae were elicited by a mixture of α‐ and β‐thujone, followed by (–)‐terpinen‐4‐ol, (+)‐camphor, cis‐4‐thujanol, (+)‐sabina ketone, (+)‐terpinen‐4‐ol, isopulegone, (–)‐fenchone, borneol, (3Z)‐hexen‐1‐ol, (–)‐1‐octen‐3‐ol and (+)‐sulcatol. Male antennae responded the most to (–)‐terpinen‐4‐ol and cis‐4‐thujanol followed by the mixture of α‐ and β‐thujone. The next highest responses were elicited by (+)‐camphor, borneol, (+)‐terpinen‐4‐ol, (+)‐sulcatol and (+)‐sabina ketone. Striking differences were found between responses to the enantiomers of fenchone, sulcatol and 1‐octen‐3‐ol, whereas responses to the enantiomers of terpinen‐4‐ol did not differ significantly from each other. Several antennally active volatiles of T. occidentalis have also been reported from cypress and various other members of the Cupressaceae, suggesting that the sensory apparatus of P. aubei may recognize the shared components, which may enable rapid adaptation to new hosts in the invaded areas.
Thiopurine metabolite testing in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Goldberg Rimma , Moore Gregory , Cunningham Georgina , Schulberg Julien , Marsh Philip , Brown Steven , Connell William , Lust Mark , Kamm Michael A , Bell Sally 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundThiopurine use in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is limited by drug toxicity and lack of therapeutic efficacy. We assessed the utility of thiopurine metabolite testing and the relationship between disease activity, dose, and metabolite levels in a real world setting.MethodsPatients identified from pathology databases (2007–2012) at two tertiary IBD centers were included if they had thiopurines for at least four weeks. Demographics, dose, test indication, clinical status, action taken, and outcome were obtained by retrospective medical record review.ResultsA total of 169 patients were included. 6‐Thioguanine (TGN) levels were sub‐therapeutic in 52%, therapeutic in 34%, and supratherapeutic in 14%. Test indication was active disease (79%), adverse effect (11%), or adherence assessment (7%). TGN trended lower in the active disease group compared to those with adverse effects (273 (+/− 23.2) versus 447 (+/− 117.7) pmol/8 × 108 RBC, P = 0.05). Weight‐based dosing did not improve rates of therapeutic TGN levels (under‐dosed 31.5% vs standard dose 35.4%), but was significantly associated with shunting toward 6‐MMP (23.1% vs 6.8%, P = 0.008, OR = 4.1). Testing resulted in a change in patient treatment in 86% of patients with active disease and subtherapeutic levels and in 68% of tested patients overall.ConclusionsMetabolite testing resulted in a change in management in most patients not responding to thiopurines or experiencing adverse events. Weight‐based dosing did not increase rates of therapeutic levels but was associated with increased 6MMP shunting.
Histopathological analysis of the olfactory epithelium of zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to sublethal doses of urea
Authors: Bettini Simone , Lazzari Maurizio , Ferrando Sara , Gallus Lorenzo , Franceschini Valeria 
Published: October 2015

AbstractChronic renal disease is known to alter olfactory function, but the specific changes induced in olfactory organs during this process remain unclear. Of the uraemic toxins generated during renal disease, high levels of urea are known to induce hyposmic conditions. In this study, the effects of environmental exposure to elevated concentrations of urea (7, 13.5 and 20 g L−1) on the sensory mucosa of zebrafish in acute toxicity and chronic toxicity tests were described. It was observed that lamellae maintained structural integrity and epithelial thickness was slightly reduced, but only following exposure to the highest concentrations of urea. Pan‐neuronal labelling with anti‐Hu revealed a negative correlation with levels of urea, leading to investigation of whether distinct neuronal subtypes were equally sensitive. Using densitometric analysis of immunolabelled tissues, numbers of Gα olf‐, TRPC2‐ and TrkA‐expressing cells were compared, representing ciliated, microvillous and crypt neurons, respectively. The three neuronal subpopulations responded differently to increasing levels of urea. In particular, crypt cells were more severely affected than the other cell types, and Gα olf‐immunoreactivity was found to increase when fish were exposed to low doses of urea. It can be concluded that exposure to moderate levels of urea leads to sensory toxicity directly affecting olfactory organs, in accordance with the functional olfactometric measurements previously reported in the literature.
Uncovered secret of a Vasseur‐Tramond wax model
Authors: Pastor J. F. , Gutiérrez B. , Montes J. M. , Ballestriero R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe technique of anatomical wax modelling reached its heyday in Italy during the 18th century, through a fruitful collaboration between sculptors and anatomists. It soon spread to other countries, and prestigious schools were created in England, France, Spain and Austria. Paris subsequently replaced Italy as the major centre of manufacture, and anatomical waxes were created there from the mid‐19th century in workshops such as that of Vasseur‐Tramond. This workshop began to sell waxes to European Faculties of Medicine and Schools of Surgery around 1880. Little is known of the technique employed in the creation of such artefacts as this was deemed a professional secret. To gain some insight into the methods of construction, we have studied a Vasseur‐Tramond wax model in the Valladolid University Anatomy Museum, Spain, by means of multi‐slice computerised tomography and X‐ray analysis by means of environmental scanning electron microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the hair. These results have revealed some of the methods used to make these anatomical models and the materials employed.