bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Sustainability Information on Consumer Decision Making
Authors: O'Rourke Dara , Ringer Abraham 
Published: August 2015

SummaryThis article presents an empirical analysis of the impact of sustainability information on consumer purchase intentions and how this influence varies by issue (health, environment, and social responsibility), product category, type of consumer, and type of information. We assess over 40,000 online purchase interactions on the website GoodGuide.com and find a significant impact of certain types of sustainability information on purchase intentions, varying across different types of consumers, issues, and product categories. Health ratings in particular showed the strongest effects. Direct users—those who intentionally sought out sustainability information—were most strongly influenced by sustainability information, with an average purchase intention rate increase of 1.15 percentage points for each point increase in overall product score, reported on a zero to ten scale. However, sustainability information had, on average, no impact on nondirect users, demonstrating that simply providing more or better information on sustainability issues will likely have limited impact on changing mainstream consumer behavior unless it is designed to connect into existing decision‐making processes.
Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviors Are Associated With Metabolic Syndrome in a Taiwanese Population
Authors: Lin Kuei‐Man , Chiou Jeng‐Yuan , Ko Shu‐Hua , Tan Jung‐Ying , Huang Chien‐Ning , Liao Wen‐Chun 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurposeTo explore associations between metabolic syndrome and modifiable lifestyle behaviors among the adult population in Taiwan.DesignThis cross‐sectional study analyzed data from a nationally representative sample that participated in the 2005–2008 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan. The sample (2,337 participants older than 19 years) provided data on demographic characteristics, modifiable lifestyle behaviors, anthropometric measurements, and blood chemistry panel.MethodsThese data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression, and multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with metabolic syndrome.FindingsMetabolic syndrome had a prevalence of 25.2%, and this prevalence increased with age. In univariate regression analysis, metabolic syndrome was associated with age, living with family members, educational level, and modifiable lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking, betel quid chewing, and physical activity). Individuals with a smoking history and currently chewing betel quid had the highest risk for metabolic syndrome.ConclusionsThe risk for metabolic syndrome might be reduced by public health campaigns to encourage people to quit smoking cigarettes and chewing betel quid. Implementing more modifiable lifestyle behaviors in daily life will decrease metabolic syndrome in Taiwan.Clinical RelevanceConsidering that betel quid chewing and tobacco smoking interact to adversely affect metabolic syndrome risk, public health campaigns against both behaviors seem to be a cost‐effective and efficient health promotion strategy to reduce the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome.
Wear Potential of Dental Ceramics and its Relationship with Microhardness and Coefficient of Friction
Authors: Freddo Rafael Augusto , Kapczinski Myriam Pereira , Kinast Eder Julio , de Souza Junior Oswaldo Baptista , Rivaldo Elken Gomes , da Fontoura Frasca Luis Carlos 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate, by means of pin‐on‐disk testing, the wear potential of different dental ceramic systems as it relates to friction parameters, surface finish, and microhardness.Materials and methodsThree groups of different ceramic systems (Noritake EX3, Eris, Empress II) with 20 disks each (10 glazed, 10 polished) were used. Vickers microhardness (Hv) was determined with a 200‐g load for 30 seconds. Friction coefficients (μ) were determined by pin‐on‐disk testing (5 N load, 600 seconds, and 120 rpm). Wear patterns were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's test, with the significance level set at α = 0.05.ResultsThe coefficients of friction were as follows: Noritake EX3 0.28 ± 0.12 (polished), 0.33 ± 0.08 (glazed); Empress II 0.38 ± 0.08 (polished), 0.45 ± 0.05 (glazed); Eris 0.49 ± 0.05 (polished), 0.49 ± 0.06 (glazed). Microhardness measurements were as follows: Noritake EX3 530.7 ± 8.7 (polished), 525.9 ± 6.2 (glazed); Empress II 534.1 ± 8 (polished), 534.7 ± 4.5 (glazed); Eris, 511.7 ± 6.5 (polished), 519.5 ± 4.1 (glazed). The polished and glazed Noritake EX3 and polished and glazed Eris specimens showed statistically different friction coefficients. SEM image analysis revealed more surface changes, such as small cracks and grains peeling off, in glazed ceramics.ConclusionsWear potential may be related to the coefficient of friction in Noritake ceramics, which had a lower coefficient than Eris ceramics. Within‐group analysis showed no differences in polished or glazed specimens. The differences observed were not associated with microhardness.
Updates on the Construction of an Eyeglass‐Supported Nasal Prosthesis Using Computer‐Aided Design and Rapid Prototyping Technology
Authors: Ciocca Leonardo , Tarsitano Achille , Marchetti Claudio , Scotti Roberto 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study was undertaken to design an updated connection system for an eyeglass‐supported nasal prosthesis using rapid prototyping techniques. The substructure was developed with two main endpoints in mind: the connection to the silicone and the connection to the eyeglasses. The mold design was also updated; the mold was composed of various parts, each carefully designed to allow for easy release after silicone processing and to facilitate extraction of the prosthesis without any strain. The approach used in this study enabled perfect transfer of the reciprocal position of the prosthesis with respect to the eyeglasses, from the virtual to the clinical environment. Moreover, the reduction in thickness improved the flexibility of the prosthesis and promoted adaptation to the contours of the skin, even during functional movements. The method described here is a simplified and viable alternative to standard construction techniques for nasal prostheses and offers improved esthetic and functional results when no bone is available for implant‐supported prostheses.
A 30‐Year Follow‐Up of Partial Removable Dental Prostheses in a University Dental School Setting
Authors: Singh Balendra Pratap , Gauthier Gilles , Rompre Pierre , De Grandmont Pierre , Emami Elham 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurposeTo describe the pattern of partial removable dental prosthesis (PRDP) designs over a 30‐year period in a cohort of patients from the Université de Montréal, Faculty of Dentistry and to examine the effect of this design in PRDP complaints and the required treatment in a subsample of the patients’ cohort.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective descriptive study, 1380 PRDP laboratory prescriptions (1980‐2009) and 131 PRDP clinical complaint forms (2006‐2008) from the archives of the undergraduate prosthodontics clinic of Université de Montréal were selected. Data on type of PRDPs, design, PRDP‐related complaints, and the need for treatment were collected. Descriptive statistics and bivariate statistical analyses were conducted.ResultsU‐shaped (54%) and lingual plate (94%) were the most common major connectors used in the maxillary and mandibular arch, respectively. In 95% of laboratory prescriptions, circumferential clasp was the design for the retainers. Fracture of PRDP components was the most common (41%) complaint. Most of the complaints (68%) were made by PRDP wearers having natural teeth in the opposing arch. There was a significant relationship between fracture of PRDP components and having opposing natural teeth (p = 0.002). Seventy‐three percent of PRDP‐related complaints were manageable only by minor treatments such as repair, readjustments, and oral hygiene instructions.ConclusionChanges in the design of PRDPs were noticeable at the Université de Montréal since 1980, but there has been little change in the last 20 years. Biomechanical concepts and optimum hygiene were the basic elements in the design of RDPs in this university‐based dental school setting. The majority of the complaints were treated by minor treatments.
Predicting and Understanding Long‐Term Consumer Liking of Standard Versus Novel Chocolate: A Repeated Exposure Study
Authors: Soerensen John G. , Waehrens Sandra S. , Byrne Derek V. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRepeated exposure was investigated for predicting long‐term liking of five chocolates products; three novel products, added cinnamon/cardamom, commercial beet flavor or a homemade beet‐flavor and two existing products: 70% chocolate and chocolate added liquorice. Ninety‐five Danish consumers were exposed daily to one of the five chocolate types during a two‐week period, interrupted twice with exposure to odd samples (day 3 and 10). Liking, arousal and complexity were rated. Arousal and perceived complexity ratings for the chocolates with added Liquorice and cinnamon/cardamom dropped significantly during the exposures, but in both cases was followed by an increase towards the end of the study resulting in the recording of no significant difference between pre and post test. None of the groups showed any significant changes in pre‐post exposure liking. Ratings of arousal and complexity did not provide further understanding of the mechanisms affecting long‐term liking.Practical ApplicationsThe high failure rate of newly developed food products is continuingly a huge issue in the food industry. Product launches failing to meet long‐term consumer liking, can often imply major losses related to development, production, distribution and marketing. The present study investigated the relevance of a repeated exposure test design, when predicting long‐term liking of five chocolate products. Perceived complexity and arousal were also measured, aiming at providing further insight into the recorded liking. No pre‐post exposure changes were found for liking, perceived arousal and complexity, thus a repeated exposure test design was not found relevant to predict long‐term liking of chocolates. The stable liking responses observed in the present study is suggested to be related to the rewarding properties of the chocolate. The extra costs, associated with a repeated exposure test, may however still be feasible, when predicting long‐term liking of other food products with the potential risk of failure.
Modal abundances of pyroxene, olivine, and mesostasis in nakhlites: Heterogeneity, variation, and implications for nakhlite emplacement
Authors: Corrigan Catherine M. , Velbel Michael A. , Vicenzi Edward P. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNakhlites, clinopyroxenite meteorites from Mars, share common crystallization and ejection ages, suggesting that they might have been ejected from the same place on Mars by the same ejection event (impact) and are different samples of the same thick volcanic flow unit or shallow sill. Mean modal abundances and abundance ranges of pyroxene, olivine, and mesostasis vary widely among different thin‐sections of an individual nakhlite. Lithologic heterogeneity is the main factor contributing to the observed modal‐abundance variations measured in thin‐sections prepared from different fragments of the same stone. Two groups of nakhlites are distinguished from one another by which major constituent varies the least and the abundance of that constituent. The group consisting of Nakhla, Lafayette, Governador Valadares, and the Yamato nakhlite pairing group is characterized by low modal mesostasis and pyroxene‐olivine covariance, whereas the group consisting of the Miller Range nakhlite pairing group and Northwest Africa 5790 is characterized by low modal olivine and pyroxene‐mesostasis covariance. These two groups sample the slowest‐cooled interior portion and the chilled margin, respectively, of the nakhlite emplacement body as presently understood, and appear to be also related to recently proposed nakhlite groups independently established using compositional rather than petrographic observations. Phenocryst modal abundances vary with inferred depth in the nakhlite igneous body in a manner consistent with solidification of the nakhlite stack from dynamically sorted phenocryst‐rich magmatic crystal‐liquid mush.
Risk factors for keratoconus in Israel: a case–control study
Authors: Gordon‐Shaag Ariela , Millodot Michel , Kaiserman Igor , Sela Tzahi , Barnett Itzhaki Guy , Zerbib Yaffa , Matityahu Efrat , Shkedi Shira , Miroshnichenko Svetlana , Shneor Einat 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurposeKeratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal thinning disorder with an uncertain aetiology. Environmental and genetic factors, including consanguinity, eye rubbing and possibly sun exposure, play a role in the aetiology of KC. Here we test for risk factors for KC in an Israeli population with particular emphasis on sun exposure.MethodsThis case–control study included KC patients who were diagnosed at Care Laser Medical Group, a refractive surgery clinic with branches throughout Israel. The control group included age, sex and ethnicity matched individuals who were randomly selected from patients presenting at the clinic for refractive surgery, but without KC. Study subjects were asked to fill out a self‐administered questionnaire that included demographic and geographic details, questions on ocular and general health and sun exposure. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyse univariable and multivariable data to identify risk factors for KC.ResultsSeventy‐three KC patients and 146 controls participated in the study. Univariable analyses demonstrated that eye rubbing [odds ratio (OR) = 3.76], positive family history of KC (OR = 6.10) and parents' education (<12 years, OR = 0.27, 0.23 for father's and mother's education respectively) were significant risk factors for KC. Univariable analyses of sun exposure behaviour during teenage years proved equivocal with some behaviours emerging as protective for KC (wearing a hat outdoors, OR = 3.13) or as risk factors (spending time in the shade, OR = 0.45), while others showed no association [limiting time in the sun (p = 0.51), and wearing sunglasses (p = 0.20)]. Most of the factors that were significant in the univariable analyses, also emerged as statistically significant in the multivariable model (OR = 3.37, 9.68, 0.35, 5.51 for eye rubbing, family history, parental education, wearing a hat outdoors, with the exception of spending time in the shade (p = 0.88).ConclusionsEye rubbing, parents' education (as a measure of socio‐economic status) and having family members with KC emerged as significant risk factors for KC. The role of sun exposure in KC remains equivocal and warrants further research.
Food protein‐induced enterocolitis syndrome caused by fish and/or shellfish in Italy
Authors: Miceli Sopo Stefano , Monaco Serena , Badina Laura , Barni Simona , Longo Giorgio , Novembre Elio , Viola Serena , Monti Giovanna 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe study describes the demographic features, culprit foods, clinical features and outcomes for children presenting with acute fish and/or shellfish food protein‐induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) in four Italian paediatric allergy centres.MethodsA retrospective/prospective study was undertaken. All children diagnosed with fish or shellfish FPIES were enrolled. The diagnosis of FPIES was based on Sicherer's or Miceli Sopo clinical criteria. Skin prick tests (SPT) were performed in all patients, at the time of diagnosis and prior to OFC.ResultsSeventy children were enrolled. Mean age at first episode was 14 months (range 6–46 months); mean age at diagnosis was 34 months (range 6–164 months). Sole and cod were the fish most commonly implicated. Fifty‐seven of 70 (81%) children had FPIES exclusively to fish, 37 of 57 (65%) children had single‐fish FPIES, 20 of 57 (35%) multiple‐fish FPIES, nine of 70 (13%) presented adverse reactions exclusively to shellfish, and four of 70 (6%) presented adverse reactions to both fish and shellfish. Only four (5.7%) children presented episodes of acute FPIES with different foods (2 to cow's milk, 1 to egg, 1 to beef); in all cases, onset was prior to that of fish or shellfish FPIES. Fifteen of 70 (21%) children tolerated fish other than the offending fish. Twenty‐four of 70 (34%) children achieved tolerance (age range 24–102 months).ConclusionsThe chief peculiarities of acute fish and shellfish FPIES, compared to more frequent cow's milk or soy FPIES, are (i) later age of onset, (ii) longer persistence and (iii) possibility of tolerating fish other than the offending fish. Adverse reactions with shellfish are possible.
The oldest known bryozoan: Prophyllodictya (Cryptostomata) from the lower Tremadocian (Lower Ordovician) of Liujiachang, south‐western Hubei, central China
Authors: Ma Junye , Taylor Paul D. , Xia Fengsheng , Zhan Renbin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA new cryptostome bryozoan, Prophyllodictya simplex sp. nov., is described from the Nantzinkuan Formation (Lower Ordovician, lower Tremadoc) of Liujiachang, central China. This antedates the previously oldest known bryozoan by several million years. Colony morphology and the phylogenetic position of Prophyllodictya within Cryptostomata are explored. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Cryptostomata (except Prophyllodictya) can be divided into two major groups, and that Prophyllodictya occupies a basal position in the cryptostome tree, which accords with its simple morphology and antiquity. A close relationship is evident between bryozoans from the South China palaeoplate and those from Baltica.
Activity, Passivity, and Normative Avowal
Authors: McAninch Andrew 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe idea that agents can be active with respect to some of their actions, and passive with respect to others, is a widely held assumption within moral philosophy. But exactly how to characterize these notions is controversial. I argue that an agent is active just in case (A) her action is one whose motive she can truly avow as reason‐giving,or(B) her action is one whose motive she can disavow, provided her disavowal effects appropriate modifications in her future motives. This view maintains a link between activity, reason‐responsiveness, and answerability, while avoiding commitments to an implausible theory of motivation.
How is Self‐Forgiveness Possible?
Authors: Milam Per‐Erik 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe idea of self‐forgiveness poses a serious challenge to any philosopher interested in giving a general account of forgiveness. On the one hand, it is an uncontroversial part of our common psychological and moral discourse. On the other, any account of self‐forgiveness is inconsistent with any general account of forgiveness which implies that only the victim of an offense can forgive. To avoid this conclusion, one must either challenge the particular claims that preclude self‐forgiveness or offer an independently plausible account of self‐forgiveness. I deploy both strategies in this article, explaining what self‐forgiveness is and how it is possible.
Is Understanding Epistemic in Nature?
Authors: Rattan Gurpreet , Wikforss Åsa 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIs understanding epistemic in nature? Does a correct account of what constitutes understanding of a concept mention epistemological notions such as knowledge, justification or epistemic rationality? We defend the view that understanding is epistemic in nature – we defend epistemological conceptions of understanding. We focus our discussion with a critical evaluation of Tim Williamson's challenges to epistemological conceptions of understanding in The Philosophy of Philosophy. Against Williamson, we distinguish three kinds of epistemological conceptions and argue that Williamson's arguments succeed against only the most heavily committed kind, and leave the less heavily committed kinds untouched. Further, we argue that Williamson's elaboration of lessons from his arguments point in a direction opposite of his own conclusions and give vivid articulation and support to epistemological conceptions. We suggest also that skepticism about Williamson's larger metaphilosophical conclusions – according to which understanding plays no special role in the epistemology of philosophy – may be in order.
New ATP‐binding cassette A3 mutation causing surfactant metabolism dysfunction pulmonary type 3
Authors: Piersigilli Fiammetta , Peca Donatella , Campi Francesca , Corsello Mirta , Landolfo Francesca , Boldrini Renata , Danhaive Olivier , Dotta Andrea 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRespiratory distress syndrome (RDS) may occur in term and near‐term infants because of mutations in surfactant‐related genes. ATP‐binding cassette A3 (ABCA3), a phospholipid carrier specifically expressed in the alveolar epithelium, is the most frequently involved protein. We report the case of a couple of late‐preterm fraternal twin infants of opposite sex carrying the same compound heterozygous ABCA3 mutations, one of which has never been previously reported, with different disease severity, suggesting variable penetrance or sex‐related differences. ABCA3 deficiency should be considered in term or near‐term babies who develop unexplained RDS.
Familial cleidocranial dysplasia misdiagnosed as rickets over three generations
Authors: Franceschi Roberto , Maines Evelina , Fedrizzi Michela , Piemontese Maria Rosaria , De Bonis Patrizia , Agarwal Nivedita , Bellizzi Maria , Di Palma Annunziata 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia characterized by hypoplastic clavicles, late closure of the fontanels, dental problems and other skeletal features. CCD is caused by mutations, deletions or duplications in runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), which encodes for a protein essential for osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation. We describe three familial cases of CCD, misdiagnosed as rickets over three generations. No mutations were detected on standard DNA sequencing of RUNX2, but a novel deletion was identified on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and multiple ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA). The present cases indicate that CCD could be misdiagnosed as rickets, leading to inappropriate treatment, and confirm that mutations in RUNX2 are not able to be identified on standard DNA sequencing in all CCD patients, but can be identified on qPCR and MLPA.
Effect of LED Blue Light on Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum Strains
Authors: Lafuente María T. , Alférez Fernando 
Published: August 2015

AbstractStudies on the antimicrobial properties of light have considerably increased due in part to the development of resistance to actual control methods. This study investigates the potential of light‐emitting diodes (LED) blue light for controlling Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum. These fungi are the most devastating postharvest pathogens of citrus fruit and cause important losses due to contaminations and the development of resistant strains against fungicides. The effect of different periods and quantum fluxes, delaying light application on the growth and morphology of P. digitatum strains resistant and sensitive to fungicides, and P. italicum cultured at 20°C was examined. Results showed that blue light controls the growth of all strains and that its efficacy increases with the quantum flux. Spore germination was always avoided by exposing the cultures to high quantum flux (700 μmol m−2 s−1) for 18 h. Continuous light had an important impact on the fungus morphology and a fungicidal effect when applied at a lower quantum flux (120 μmol m−2 s−1) to a growing fungus. Sensitivity to light increased with mycelium age. Results show that blue light may be a tool for P. digitatum and P. italicum infection prevention during handling of citrus fruits.