bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma feeding vessels: MDCT angiography with 3D reconstruction versus digital subtraction angiography
Authors: Ahmed Ramy M. , Ali Wageeh A. , AbdelHakam Ahmed M. , Ahmed Sayed H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Accurate detection of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) feeding vessels during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is important for an effective treatment, while limiting non-target embolization. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of three dimensional (3D) CT angiography for tumor-feeding vessels detection before TACE compared to DSA.
Methods:
Sixty-nine consecutive patients referred for TACE from May 2022 to May 2023 were included. (3D) CT images were reconstructed from the pre-TACE diagnostic multiphasic contrast enhanced CT images and compared with non-selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images obtained during TACE for detection of HCC feeding vessels. A "Ground truth" made by consensus between observers after reviewing all available images to detect the true feeding vessels was the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), accuracy and ROC curve with AUC were calculated for each modality and compared.
Results:
A total of 136 active HCCs were detected in the 69 consecutive patients included in the study. 185 feeding arteries were detected by 3D CT and DSA and included in the analysis. 3D CT detection of feeding arteries revealed mean sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 91%, 71%, 98%, 36%, and 90%, respectively, with mean AUC = 0.81. DSA detection of feeding arteries revealed mean sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of 80%, 58%, 96.5%, 16.5% and 78%, respectively, with mean AUC = 0.69.
Conclusions:
3D CT angiography images are more accurate than non-selective DSA in detection of HCC feeding arteries and very useful in planning for TACE procedure.
Trial registration:
This study was prospectively registered at Clinicaltrials.gov with ID NCT05304572; Date of registration: 2-4-2022.
Can appropriate surgical wound management prevent surgical site infection after malleolar fracture surgery?
Authors: Sugiura Sara , Oh Yoto , Kaku Takumi , Amano Yusuke , Yoshii Toshitaka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Surgical wound healing failure is the most common complication of malleolar fracture surgery, and appropriate treatment is important to prevent surgical site infection (SSI). This study aimed to determine the incidence of wound healing failure and deep surgical site infection under strict standardized surgical wound management after malleolar fracture surgery.
Methods
Sixty-two patients who underwent surgery for malleolar fracture (AO/OTA classification 44) were reviewed. Strict assessment and surgical intervention were performed even for trivial failure in all wound healing failure cases. The exclusion criteria were open wound, tibial diaphysis fracture, and follow-up < 6 months. Surgical wound healing failure, deep SSI, and posterior fixation status were evaluated in the 42 patients (44A, n = 5; 44B, n = 30; 44C, n = 7) finally included in the study. Patients with a 44B fracture were divided into a B1/B2 group (n = 10) and a B3 group (n = 20) for subgroup analysis to clarify the relationship between severity of malleolar fracture and incidence of surgical wound healing failure.
Results
The incidence of surgical wound healing failure was 19%, but there were no deep SSI. Two of 6 patients who underwent internal fixation for posterior malleolar fragments were complicated with wound failure. Surgical wound healing failure incidence was higher in the B3 group than in the B1/B2 group (30% vs 10%, p = 0.37).
Conclusions
More cases of wound healing failure and less deep SSI were detected in this study compared with previous studies. Strict standardized surgical wound management could help to avoid SSI after malleolar fracture surgery.
Exploring the role of maternal routine and problem-solving actions in promoting child health and nutrition in Kenyan drylands: a qualitative study
Authors: Kiprono Patricia Jebet , Hensel Oliver , Kaufmann Bigitte A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
In the drylands of northern Kenya, mothers strive to promote the health and nutritional well-being of their children, but face many challenges. Most studies, especially those focusing on (agro-)pastoralists use a problem-lens, with recommended standard interventions to improve child nutrition that do not necessarily fit to the local conditions. This study aims to explore (agro-)pastoral women’s knowledge and their practical solutions in child nutrition and care, uncovering their routine and problem-solving actions.
Methods
The Activity Knowledge Analysis tool was used in 16 Focus Group Discussion sessions with caregivers of children below the age of five years from Rendille, Burji and Borana communities in Marsabit County, Kenya. The discussions were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed using MAXQDA software.
Results
Mothers explained their routine actions which included age-appropriate feeding practices, maintaining hygiene, and facilitating the child’s developmental milestones to achieve their goal of having a healthy child. Some of the routine actions include providing special diets, responsive feeding; personal, food and environmental hygiene; massage, engagement in play and interaction to facilitate development. The challenges that mothers face include maintaining their own health, difficulties with feeding, and delayed developmental milestones. These challenges are further compounded by contextual factors; poverty, time constraints and lack of support. To overcome the challenges, mothers used a range of problem-solving actions, including enriching their children’s diets, diversifying their income sources, borrowing food or money, and seeking for social support from family members and the community.
Conclusion
Participatory approaches, such as the use of the Activity Knowledge Analysis tool, have proved useful in exploring caregivers' knowledge, challenges, routines and problem-solving actions that go unnoticed when using surveys, such as the knowledge, attitudes and practices survey. Interventions that take into account mothers’ knowledge and problem-solving activities are better adapted to the cultural, social, economic and environmental conditions and can therefore be more effective in improving the health and nutritional status of their children.
Osimertinib resistance-based immune prognostic related gene signature in EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma, in which PSMD11 promotes tumor progression
Authors: Bai Yuquan , Xu He , Gong Xiaokang , Bao Peilong , Zhao Jinbo , Tao Jiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
At present, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) treatment, as the first-line treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with EGFR mutation, has achieved good clinical efficacy, but most patients will eventually develop acquired resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a strong standard to identify drug-resistant patients with EGFR mutation who can benefit from other treatments.
Methods
Based on the differentially expressed genes between osimertinib (OSI)-resistant cells (PC9OR, H1975OR) and non OSI-resistant LUAD cells (PC9, H1975), the EGFR mutant LUAD prognosis related genes from TCGA database, and the immune genes from ImmPort and InnateDB websites, we constructed an immune prognosis model of OSI resistance to predict the outcome of EGFR mutant LUAD patients. Then, according to the risk score, EGFR mutant LUAD patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups, and the molecular, immune characteristics and responsiveness to chemotherapy and targeted drugs were analyzed. Next, PSMD11 was knocked down using siRNA to evaluate the effects of PSMD11 on PC9OR and H1975OR cells. Finally, the correlation between PSMD11 and OSI resistance was determined in vitro via CCK-8, colony formation assays and flow cytometry, and in vivo via western blot and immunohistochemistry.
Results
We constructed an immune prognostic prediction model consisting of four OSI-resistant genes (C3, PSMD11, G3BP1, TRIB2), and clarified its accuracy in predicting the prognosis of EGFR mutant LUAD patients. According to the risk score classification, high-risk EGFR mutant patients were more sensitive to traditional chemotherapy and targeted drugs, with higher expression of immune checkpoints PD-1, LAG3, IDO1, and more infiltration of CD8 + T cells, M0/M1 macrophages and NK cells. In addition, knockdown of PSMD11 could inhibit cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis, and increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to OSI. And compared with individual treatment, the combination treatment of PSMD11-siRNA and OSI in PC9OR and H1975OR cells could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and promote tumor growth. In addition, PSMD11 could promote the progression of OSI-resistant LUAD by activating the NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Conclusions
our work provide a powerful prediction tool for further screening OSI-resistant LUAD patients suitable for chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
Bioactive amines in non-conventional edible plants from Brazil: health benefits and concerns
Authors: Dala-Paula Bruno Martins , Todescato Angélica Pereira , Gonçalves José Eduardo , Glória Maria Beatriz Abreu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Some bioactive amines in foods are associated with beneficial health effects, but also with food poisoning and intolerance. This study aimed to investigate the levels of nine bioactive amines in ten fruits and vegetables from Brazil using HPLC-FL. Total amine levels ranged from 3.24-58.83mg/kg in serralha and seriguela, respectively. Tryptamine was not detected in any sample. The highest spermidine level was found in seriguela (13.41mg/kg). Putrescine was the prevalent amine in custard apple, acerola, and ora-pro-nobis; spermidine, in jabuticaba, starfruit, and kale; tyramine, in seriguela and marolo. Histamine was detected only in ora-pro-nobis, serotonin, in starfruit, and high agmatine levels were found in acerola, starfruit and serralha. Based on amine levels, seriguela, marolo, custard apple, acerola, jabuticaba, and kale could be dietary sources of polyamines, and starfruit a source of serotonin. However, individuals in use of monoamine-oxidase inhibitors may consider limiting the consumption of seriguela and marolo to avoid adverse effects.
Prediction of coronary heart disease risk integrating polygenic risk scores and wearables
Authors: Shi Qiaoxin , Jang Haeyoon , Wang Mengyao , Yeung Shiu Lun Au , Luo Shan , Wan Eric Yuk Fai , Sharp Stephen J , Brage Soren , Wareham Nickolas , Kim Youngwon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Prediction of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk through standard equations relying on laboratory-based clinical markers has proven challenging and needs advancement. This study aims to derive and cross-validate CHD-risk prediction models based on lifestyle behaviours including wearables and polygenic risk scores (PRS), and compare their performance with the established Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE). This study included 291,151 white British individuals in the UK Biobank. Cox regression was applied to derive the Lifestyle-Based Model (LBM) for CHD-risk prediction incorporating age, sex, body mass index, dietary intake score (0-3; derived from self-reported food types), smoking status (never, previous, current), and physical activity (wearable-device-derived Euclidean Norm Minus One). Weighted PRS for CHD was calculated based on 300 genetic variants. Over a median 13.8-year follow-up, 13,063 CHD incidence cases were ascertained. The C-index (indicative of discrimination) of the LBM and PCE was 0.713 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.703-0.722) and 0.714 (95% CI: 0.705-0.724). Adding PRS to LBM and PCE increased the C-index to 0.733 (95% CI: 0.724-0.742) and 0.726 (95% CI: 0.716-0.735), respectively. The LBM with and without PRS both demonstrated good calibration, as evidenced by p-values of 0.997 and 0.999, respectively. The addition of PRS to LBM marginally improved calibration, with the slope increasing from 0.981 to 0.983. Integrating PRS resulted in a positive categorical net reclassification improvement (cut-off point: 7.5%) of 4.30% for LBM and 5.04% for PCE. Models incorporating either lifestyle behaviours alone or in combination with genetic traits demonstrated acceptable accuracy for CHD risk prediction.
Modulation of Hormonal, Metabolic, Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome following Combined (resistant and endurance) Training: A Randomized Controlled Trail
Authors: Nasiri Masoud , Monazzami Amirabbas , alavimilani Solmaz , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent disorder among women. Exercise training has been known as an effective treatment for this disorder; however, there is small amount of evidence examining the optimal exercise programs. We evaluated the function of combined (COM) training on metabolic, hormonal parameters, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in PCOS patients.
Methods
This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 30 women with PCOS divided (age: 23.8 ± 5.3 years, height:162.8 ± 4.9 cm, weight: 82.4 ± 9.7 kg, body mass index: 30.3 ± 3.9 kg/m2) into two groups to receive COM training intervention (n = 15) or control group (n = 15) for eight weeks. At the baseline and end-of-intervention, metabolic profiles including fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), lipid profiles, testosterone, free androgen index (FAI), sex hormone binding globulin, anti-Müllerian hormone, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and high Sensitive-C reactive protein were evaluated
Results
After eight-week intervention in training group, insulin (P < 0.001), HOMA-IR (P < 0.001), total cholesterol (P < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001), total testosterone (P < 0.001), AMH ( P = 0.02),MDA (P = 0.04) and FAI (P < 0.001) were significantly decreased, while QUICKI (P = 0.002) was remarkably increased compared with the control group. Moreover, findings showed that there are no significant differences in other variables in the training group compared to the control group.
Conclusions
We concluded that combined training is more effective than resistance or endurance trainings alone for treatment of PCOS, although further studies are needed to reach comprehensive data regarding the design of exercise protocols for PCOS patients.
Safety of Adenosine for Pediatric Tachyarrhythmia Treatment in the Emergency Department: a Multi-Hospital 10-year Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Randall Melanie , Burt Tristen , Cruise Scott , Mesisca Michael , Minahan Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Supraventricular tachycardia is the most common dysrhythmia in children. Initial vagal maneuvers are successful less than half of the time. Adenosine, a potent AV nodal blocker with short half-life, is recommended as first line pharmacotherapy. Minor side effects from adenosine are common, but report of serious side effects such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, torsades de pointes, syncope or hypotension are confined to small case series or studies greater than 20 years old. We aimed to specifically identify the incidence of serious side effects of adenosine in children in the emergency department.
Methods
Between 2002 and 2022, all children less than 18 years old who received adenosine for tachyarrhythmia treatment in one of two emergency departments were included. The electronic record was reviewed for demographic information, patient history, treatments given, and side effects or complications were observed. Electrocardiograms before, during and after adenosine administration were reviewed.
Results
77 patients met inclusion criteria. There were 73 patients with an initial rhythm of typical SVT. The other four patients included one with SVT with aberrancy, one with a junctional rhythm, one with atrial fibrillation, and one with an undetermined narrow complex tachycardia. 50 patients had cardiac rhythm monitoring during adenosine administration. 17 of these patients had three or more consecutive ventricular beats following adenosine, however no patients required treatment. No patients had syncope. One patient had brief hypotension after adenosine that normalized without intervention. Four patients were electrically cardioverted due to persistent SVT. Twelve patients were placed on continuous antiarrhythmic medication for persistent SVT. The patient with atrial fibrillation remained in atrial fibrillation despite adenosine and electrical cardioversion three times. The patient with undetermined tachycardia had no response to adenosine or amiodarone, then had brief cardiac arrest after intubation. Echocardiography showed heart failure.
Conclusions
Adenosine treatment in typical supraventricular tachycardia in pediatric patients is safe.
The effectiveness of vitrified zygote accumulation for managing the extremely diminished ovarian reserve in infertile women: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Pi-Tsang , Tsai Ni-Chin , Lin Yu-Ju , Lien Hao-Ting , Hsiao Yu-Yang , Su Yu-Ting , Huang Hsuan-Wei , Lan Kuo-Chung 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Accumulated vitrified embryos are stored for later thawed transfer to deal with poor responders. However, the cost and outcome of vitrified zygotes have yet to be studied. Our study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the vitrified zygote accumulation method in diminished ovarian reserve patients.
Methods
This retrospective study included 122 diminished ovarian reserve patients who met the Poseidon classification groups 3 and 4 from June 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022. The patients underwent controlled ovarian stimulation and embryo transfer using accumulated vitrified zygotes. The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate per embryo transfer and stimulation cycle are evaluated.
Results
Two hundred seventy-eight IVF/ICSI cycles in one hundred twenty-two females treated at our institution were divided into two groups, according to age < 40 years (n = 51) and ≥ 40 years (n = 71). The younger group had significantly more favorable outcomes than the older group only in live birth rates per cycle (12.6% vs. 4%, p = 0.029) and per transfer (24.1% vs. 9.9%, p = 0.027). However, the older group had more embryos per transfer (2.4 ± 0.9 vs. 2.0 ± 0.8, p = 0.014). There were no differences between the number of stimulation cycles per patient, the number of oocytes and mature oocytes retrieved, the number of transfer cycles per patient, the cost per patient, or transfer. We set a model mimicking the cost of fresh embryos. The zygote accumulation strategy costs were higher per patient and per cycle than those of the fresh embryo transfer model.
Conclusions
In diminished ovarian reserve women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment, younger women had significantly better live birth rates than the older women applying the vitrified zygote accumulation strategy, even though the older group had a higher number of embryos per transfer. However, the zygote accumulation strategy benefits older women more than fresh embryo transfer. The strategy might cost more but decrease the anxiety and stress.
The effect on colorectal cancer incidence and stage with population-based FOBT-screening in Sweden
Authors: Wilén Hanna Ribbing , Jonsson Håkan , Blom Johannes 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aim
To investigate colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and stage of disease in the population invited vs not invited to the guaiac-based Fecal Occult Blood (gFOBT) and Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) colorectal cancer screening program in Stockholm-Gotland, Sweden, 2008–2021 and to estimate the incidence rate by gender and localization in the colorectum.
Methods
The study cohort consisted of all 60-69-years-old residents of the Stockholm-Gotland region 2008–2012 according to the population register. Screening with biennial gFOBT was introduced in randomized birth cohorts from 2008 and replaced by FIT with cut-off level 40µg/g in women and 80µg/g in men for a positive test in 2015. Record linkage was made to the National Cancer Register and to the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Register (SCRCR). The age-standardized CRC incidence ratio was compared in invited and non-invited during screening and in 70-75-year-olds and assessed overall and by gender, CRC stage and localization.
Results
In total, 320 989 and 151 533 individuals were invited to a first gFOBT and FIT round, and 5 972 CRCs were diagnosed. During screening, the overall age-adjusted incidence ratio for the gFOBT- and FIT-invited compared to the non-invited was 0.99 (95% CI 0.91–1.07) and 1.03 (95% CI 0.93–1.15) respectively. Post screening, 70–75 years of age, the overall incidence rate was 12% lower among the invited than the non-invited (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81–0.97). During FIT screening, the incidence for stage I and proximal CRC was 38 and 23% higher than in the non-invited (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09–1.76 and RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.02–1.48 respectively). The incidence post screening was 22% lower regarding stage I CRC, 13% lower in women, and 17% lower for distal CRCs as compared to the non-invited (RR 95% CI 0.78 0.63–0.95, 0.87 0.76-1.00 and 0.83 0.74–0.94 respectively).
Conclusion
In the Stockholm-Gotland screening program the shift to FIT significantly increased the incidence rate in early staged and proximal CRCs as compared to the uninvited, and the significant decrease in the overall CRC incidence post screening was mainly seen in distal, early staged CRCs in women.
Development and validation of a prediction model for esophageal varices by changes in spleen size after Rex surgery
Authors: Chen Yunpei , Chen Zhiqiang , Chen Liu , Chen Jiancai , Zeng Linyi , Wen Zhe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose To develop a noninvasive prediction model for esophageal varices (EVs) based on changes in spleen size after Rex surgery.
Method The clinical data of children with cavernous transformation of the portal vein who underwent Rex surgery at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of our hospital from 2014-09 to 2021-12 were collected, and the children were divided into a no-to-mild group and a moderate-to-severe group according to the EV status on postoperative gastroscopy. Variables related to changes in spleen size were included in logistic regression models. Construction and internal validation of a postoperative moderate-to-severe EV risk prediction model.
Results A total of 78 children were included, 55 in the no-mild group and 23 in the moderate-severe group. The splenic thickness difference (STD), splenic long diameter difference (SDD), and splenic volume difference (SVD) were included in the multifactorial logistic regression analysis, and the regression equation obtained was modeled as logit(P)= -STDx0.18-SVDx0.011+0.502. The STD and SVD are independent risk factors for moderate-to-severe EV after surgery. The area under the ROC curve was 89.73%, the optimal threshold point was -0.952, and its specificity and sensitivity were 82.6% and 83.3%, respectively.The model was internally validated, and the C-index was 0.897, indicating good discrimination and calibration.
Conclusion The model constructed by multifactorial logistic regression is valuable and effective for the noninvasive detection of postoperative EVs, and deserves further research.