bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pioneering approach to measure increased resilience to face climate change: insights from the Race to Resilience campaign
Authors: Billi Marco , Bórquez Roxana , Varela Juan Carlos , Aldunce Paulina , Aspee Nicolle , Beauchamp Emilie , Berríos Priscilla , Cuevas Marcela , Loboguerrero Ana María , Mason Bustos Francis , Patwardhan Anand , Rojas Maisa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper illustrates a methodology to measure the impact of resilience-building actions on the increased resilience of people and natural systems to face climate change, developed and field-tested around the Race to Resilience Campaign. Despite increasing acknowledgment of the need for robust methodologies and indicators to monitor and evaluate efforts across adaptation planning and implementation, and provide credibility, accountability and transparency to such actions, there is still a lack of sufficiently standardized and agreed upon metrics able to capture the effect of resilience-building actions. The proposal illustrated in this manuscript offers a pioneering approach for high-level tracking, monitoring and evaluation of resilience-building efforts of non-state actors, based on two complementing sets of metrics: depth metrics measure the degree to which an action is generating a change to fundamental conditions which can demonstrably be related to increasing resilience; while magnitude metrics offer a quantification of the beneficiaries that are affected by these changes. Underlying both stand the Resilience Attributes: properties which can be soundly associated with triggering resilience across different systems, and which can then be used to assess increased resilience ‘by proxy’: that is, by seeing how an action sets forth changes in properties commonly associated with resilience. These Attributes were identified based on updated scientific literature and co-construction exercises with global experts. The integration of Depth and Magnitude indices, adjusted by a Confidence Index evaluating data reliability, allows to estimate the overall contribution of a set of actions on increasing resilience against climate challenges. Based on the above, a possible Monitoring & Evaluation cycle is proposed, and an illustration is offered on two case studies from the Race to Resilience campaign. Key strengths, lessons learned and insights are summarized to stimulate the global discussion, in the context of the Global Stocktake and Global Goal on Adaptation.
Design of an active wing-folding biomimetic flapping-wing air vehicle
Authors: Zhu Yongqiang , Zou Longhua , Zhuang Huyue , Liu Hao , Zhang Pingxia , Zhou Guangyao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In nature, birds and bats dynamically alter their wing shapes to suit various flight environments and tasks. This paper focuses on the design and validation of a biomimetic flapping-wing aerial vehicle, named FlexiWing, which features a unique mechanism for active wing deformation. This mechanism allows the wings to adjust their shapes flexibly in response to flight demands, significantly enhancing attitude control and maneuverability.’ ‘This study began with an in-depth exploration of biomimetic principles, focusing particularly on how birds and bats achieve precise control during flight through active wing deformation. Subsequently, we present a detailed account of the design and fabrication process of the active folding biomimetic flapping-wing aerial vehicle, including the design of mechanical mechanisms and material selection. Utilizing lightweight nylon materials and hollow carbon fiber rods, we successfully constructed a mechanically foldable wing structure. To achieve precise control over the aircraft’s movement, an embedded control system was designed, comprising an onboard embedded flight controller and ground-based equipment. The onboard controller uses a high-performance ESP32-C3 processor and a JY901 inertial measurement unit to acquire real-time attitude information of the aircraft. The control system incorporates Wi-Fi communication technology, enabling operators to send commands via a remote control or personal computer to manage flight modes and attitudes. Ultimately, a series of flight experiments were conducted to validate the performance of FlexiWing. The results demonstrate that FlexiWing exhibits remarkable maneuverability and stability, capable of achieving high-precision attitude control through active wing folding, making it adaptable to complex environments and tasks.’
Infrastructure and well-being
Authors: Myntti Cynthia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the main contours of debates about well-being and the connections between infrastructure, well-being, and sustainability. Broadly distributed well-being is the goal of national governments, and individual well-being represents a desirable positive state beyond physical health. Contemporary definitions of well-being originated in the field of psychology in the 1980s. Psychologists have highlighted three aspects of well-being: cognitive, affective and eudaimonic well-being. The cognitive evaluation of well-being, through the assessment of life satisfaction, is commonly used in large national and international surveys. There is a growing interest in comprehensive approaches to measuring well-being, and its eudaimonic aspect. The second half of the paper examines the relationship between well-being and three key infrastructure topics—mobility, public space and nature contact—by referring to classic and new examples from urban design, the social sciences, and urban restoration ecology. These examples suggest that dimensions of well-being—among them trust, optimism, belonging, delight and empathy—have consequences beyond the individual and are necessary for community commitments to sustainability and environmental justice.
Parental Beliefs and Education
Authors: Yamamoto Yoko 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Parental influence on children’s learning and education has received continued interest in educational research. This chapter synthesizes research findings and presents parents’ beliefs that guide parents’ support for children’s schooling and education in sociocultural contexts, especially demonstrating research on Japan and the United States as examples of cultural models. First, the chapter focuses on parents’ valuation of learning, including parents’ motivation and goals for supporting their children’s education. It then delineates parental aspirations and expectations of their children’s education, beliefs about children’s abilities and how children learn (e.g., attribution), as well as parents’ beliefs about their roles. The chapter also demonstrates variations within culture, especially concerning socioeconomic status, to highlight parents’ agentic processes to adapt to and negotiate cultural beliefs.
Classroom as a Context for Academic and Cultural Learning
Authors: Chesworth Liz , Tatham Christina , Wilders Charlotte , Wood Elizabeth 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the classroom as a context for academic and cultural learning in early childhood education. Drawing on findings from three research studies, it explores perspectives on academic and cultural learning from contemporary sociocultural theories, and national policy frameworks. The three orienting concepts are children’s peer cultures and play repertoires, children’s identities and linguistic repertoires, and children’s agency and participation in the material culture of the classroom. The classroom is understood as a dialectical place and space of inter- and intra-acting flows, where culture is deeply embedded and enacted as a way of living and being in relationship with humans and nonhumans. The chapter argues that early childhood education policies provide a basic framework of entitlements and aspirations, but may reinforce the tensions between academic and cultural learning, especially as children make the transition to compulsory education. Policies are in themselves not sufficient to encompass the diversities within children’s lives and experiences, including their linguistic, communicative, and cultural repertoires. There are diverse flows and influences that create a cultural assemblage in the classroom, including children’s peer cultures and play cultures, as well as their funds of knowledge.
Conclusion
Authors: Pham Kevin D 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This conclusion chapter discusses the fates of these six thinkers and how they are memorialized in contemporary Vietnam. Moods of shame and pride ebbed and flowed in Vietnam in the twentieth century up to the present, and contemporary Vietnamese are turning to this pantheon of thinkers for guidance on how to harness these moods in productive ways. This chapter also compares and contrasts the ideas of these thinkers to Black anticolonial and revolutionary thinkers, such as Frantz Fanon, Malcolm X, Marcus Garvey, and Amilcar Cabral. It gives special attention to Fanon who admired Vietnamese anticolonialism. The Vietnamese case is ultimately not so unique. Many oppressed peoples have sought to channel their indignation and shame in creative ways to nourish feelings of self-respect, worthiness, and self-confidence.
AEGIS—AcutE Geriatric Intervention Study: pilot study of frontline acute geriatric assessment to improve quality of care in emergency department
Authors: Karjalainen Kaisa J , Tuori Hannele , Salminen Marika , Peltonen Juha , Rantanen Sirpa , Viikari Paula , Viitanen Matti , Nuotio Maria S , Viikari Laura 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Due to the increasing number of older patients in emergency departments (EDs) with frailty, cognitive impairment and multimorbidity, there is a need for geriatric expertise in EDs.

Methods
This retrospective study is of older patients visiting Turku University Hospital ED between 2 January and 31 December 2022. Patients aged 75 years of older were screened for frailty using Triage Risk Screening Tool (TRST) and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Nonacute, frail patients (CFS ≥4) suitable for Targeted Geriatric Assessment (TGA) (n = 1096) were scanned for the risk of delirium, cognitive impairment, change in functional status, falls, malnutrition and depression. A comprehensive patient record was made with recommendations for future care.

Results
TRST was completed in 70% of the ED visits, and two-thirds of those were considered high-risk. Among the patients assessed by the geriatric team (TGA), nonspecific complaint (38%) and falls (35%) were the main reasons for ED admission. Cognitive impairment was present in over 60% and orthostatic hypotension in 40% of the patients. The 72-hour revisit rate for TGA-patients was 2.3%. For the real-life control group, the 72-hour revisit rate was 4.6% (P = .001). Thirty-day revisit rates were 10% and 16%, respectively (P &lt; .001). The need for rehabilitation, cognitive evaluation and intensifying home care were the main recommendations for future care.

Conclusions
TGA approach provides structured and accurate information on older patients’ background. This may lead to more precise diagnostics, a thorough consideration of hospital intake and a secure discharge from the ED. Ensuring continuity of care may help to reduce readmissions to EDs.
Leveraging real-world Data from administrative claims and medical records to inform safety and effectiveness of piperacillin-tazobactam in the Management of Pediatric Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Blumenstock Jesse A , Faerber Jennifer A , Menon Muida , Lawler Rasheeda , Downes Kevin J , Kratz Ellen , Erickson Kelley , Haltzman-Cassenti Brittany , Yildirim Inci , Hussaini Laila , Elmontser Mohnd , Sederdahl Bethany K , Hahn Andrea , Thomson Joanna , Newland Jason , Terrill Cindy , Bradley John , Zachariah Phillip , Younus Muhammad , Mo Jingping , Wible Michele , Tawadrous Margaret , Fisher Brian T 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Pediatric-specific safety data are required during development of pharmaceutical agents. Retrospective studies can leverage real-world data to assess safety and effectiveness in children where prospective, controlled studies are not feasible.
A retrospective cohort study combined data from Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS) and medical records to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam (P/T) in pediatric patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). After identifying 407 patients diagnosed with HAP receiving P/T (n=140) or Comparator (n=267) HAP-appropriate antibiotics between 2003-2016 across seven pediatric institutions, we evaluated comparative risk of a serious adverse event (SAE). Clinical improvement 14 days after therapy initiation was studied as a secondary outcome. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to compare between exposure groups using inverse probability-weighted Poisson regression models.
The unadjusted and adjusted IRRs with 95% CIs for SAEs were 1.26(0.66-2.39) and 1.24(0.65-2.35). The unadjusted and adjusted ORs with 95% CIs for clinical improvement were 1.14(0.56-2.34) and 1.50(0.67-3.38).
Point estimates from this retrospective analysis suggest similar safety and clinical effectiveness of P/T and comparator antibiotics for treating HAP. However, due to wide CIs, actual between-group differences cannot be excluded. Existing real-world data can be utilized to inform pediatric-specific safety and effectiveness of medications used in off-label settings.
Skip sampling: subsampling in the frequency domain
Authors: McElroy Tucker , Politis Dimitris N 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Over the last 35 years, several bootstrap methods for time series have been proposed. Popular time domain methods include the block bootstrap, the stationary bootstrap, the linear process bootstrap, among others; subsampling for time series is also available, and is closely related to the block bootstrap. The frequency domain bootstrap has been performed either by resampling the periodogram ordinates or by resampling the ordinates of the discrete Fourier transform. The paper at hand proposes a novel construction of subsampling the discrete Fourier transform ordinates, and investigates its theoretical properties and realm of applicability. Numerical studies show that the new method performs comparably to the frequency domain bootstrap for linear spectral means and ratio statistics, while at the same time yielding significant computational savings as well as numerical stability. Some key words: Discrete Fourier transform; Spectral density, Time series.
Understanding and achieving species elements in the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
Authors: McGowan Philip J K , Hutchinson Alison , Brooks Thomas M , Elliott Wendy , Hoffmann Michael , Mair Louise , McDougall Amy , Raimondo Domitilla C , Butchart Stuart H M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework was adopted in December 2022 by the parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. The framework states outcomes for species to be achieved by 2050 in goal A and establishes a range of targets to reduce pressures on biodiversity and halt biodiversity loss by 2030. Target 4 calls for urgent recovery actions for species where the implementation of other targets is insufficient to eliminate extinction risk. We analyze key species elements of goal A and target 4, examine their meaning and clarify implementation needs. We emphasize that target 4 should not be seen simply as the species target, because effective implementation of all targets is essential to achieve the species ambitions in goal A, but, rather, as a target for species that require urgent focused actions and emphasize that an indicator is needed to measure the implementation of urgent management actions. We conclude by considering next steps to identify priorities, undertake further research, make use of resources, ensure cooperation and capacity development.
619 - Lebrikizumab improves signs and symptoms of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in patients not adequately controlled or non-eligible for cyclosporine: a placebo-controlled, randomized phase 3 clinical study (ADvantage)
Authors: Warren Richard B , de Bruin-Weller Marjolein , Tsianakas Athanasios , Khemis Abdallah , Szepietowski Jacek C , Chih-Ho Hong H , Armengol Clara , Falqués Meritxell , Agell Helena , Massana Eric , Gil Esther Garcia , Weidinger Stephan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Lebrikizumab (LEB), a novel monoclonal antibody with high affinity and slow off-rate to interleukin-13, is efficacious and safe in adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Efficacy of cyclosporine A (CsA), used for severe AD, may not be optimal in some AD patients and its safety limits long-term use.

Objectives
We report 16-week efficacy and safety of LEB + low-/mid-potency topical corticosteroids (TCS) in patients with moderate-to-severe AD, not adequately controlled/non-eligible for CsA, in the phase 3 ADvantage study.

Methods
ADvantage had a 16-week, randomized, double-blind, PBO-controlled, parallel-group period followed by a 36-week open-label maintenance period. Eligibility: adults and adolescents (age ≥12 - &lt;18 years), Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) ≥16, Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) ≥3, ≥10% body surface area of AD involvement, and patients not adequately controlled or non-eligible for CsA. Randomization: 2:1 to LEB 250 mg with a loading dose of LEB 500 mg at baseline and week-2, or PBO every two weeks (Q2W). All patients received concomitant mid-potency TCS through week-16; dosage tapered once lesions were controlled and stopped after 7 days. Primary endpoint: percentage of patients achieving 75% reduction in EASI (EASI 75) at week-16. Secondary endpoints: percentage of patients achieving EASI 90, IGA 0/1, and ≥4-point improvement in pruritus Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at week-16. Safety endpoints: treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), serious adverse events (SAEs) and TEAEs causing discontinuation.

Results
312/331 patients (212 LEB+TCS and 100 PBO+TCS) completed the 16-week period. At week 16, significantly higher proportion of LEB+TCS vs PBO+TCS patients achieved EASI 75 (68.4% vs 40.8%, p&lt;0.001) and EASI 90 (42.9% vs 20.8%, nominal p&lt;0.001); higher percentage of patients achieved IGA 0/1 (42.0% vs 24.5%, nominal p&lt;0.01) and ≥4-point improvement in pruritus NRS (49.9% vs 29.7%, nominal p&lt;0.05). TEAEs: 61.8% LEB+TCS vs 53.2% PBO+TCS, with nasopharyngitis and conjunctivitis being the most common TEAEs. SAEs and TEAEs causing discontinuation were low and similar in both groups.

Conclusions
At week 16, LEB 250 mg Q2W + TCS significantly improved AD signs and symptoms in adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD and history of inadequate response to CsA, or for whom CsA was not advisable.
627 - A checklist to aid in identifying patients with atopic dermatitis who are candidates for systemic therapy
Authors: Silverberg Jonathan , Augustin Matthias , Eichenfield Lawrence , Lio Peter , Guttman-Yassky Emma , Atwater Amber Reck , Pierce Evangeline , Rueda Maria Jose , Li Alvin , Maldonado Yolanda Munoz , Simpson Eric 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The decision to initiate systemic therapy (ST) in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is complex, with no criteria that are globally agreed upon. To aid dermatology providers in this decision-making, the “When to Start Systemic Therapy Checklist” was developed. The checklist comprises three components: (A) clinical severity, (B) subjective burden, and (C) lack of treatment response, each with several criteria. Systemic therapy is indicated when at least one criterion in each component is fulfilled.

Objectives
To corroborate the validity of this checklist, we evaluated the agreement between the decision to initiate ST using the checklist, against the reference, CorEvitas AD Registry patients prescribed a ST.

Methods
Adults with moderate-to-severe AD from the prospective, longitudinal CorEvitas AD registry were included in this descriptive analysis (July 2020 – August 2023). Patients were included if they were initiating ST at enrollment (ST group) or not initiating ST at enrollment (non-ST group) but had vIGA-AD® ≥3 and Eczema Area Severity Index ≥12. The checklist criteria were compared against registry outcome measures; when a criterion did not match a measure, either a proxy measure was selected or that part of the questionnaire was excluded. Overall percentage agreement (accord between checklist criteria and ST initiation status [reference standard]) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated.

Results
In the ST group (n=1488), 97.0% of patients met at least one criterion from section A, 94.1% from section B, and 92.1% for either section A or B. In the non-ST group (n=208), 100% of patients met at least one criterion from section A, 92.3% from section B, and 92.3% from either section A or B. Among patients in the ST group who met at least one criterion each from section A and B, overall percentage agreement was 81.7% (95% CI: 79.8%, 83.5%). Section C, which addresses “lack of treatment response” could not be evaluated due to the absence of relevant data in the registry.

Conclusions
Nearly all patients initiating ST met at least one criterion from both section A and B of the “When to Start Systemic Therapy Checklist”, demonstrating a strong alignment between the checklist sections A and B and disease burden of AD patients in the registry. Subsequent research is needed to assess section C due to registry limitations. Future analyses should examine why some patients with high disease burden and severity remain untreated with systemics.
629 - A novel efficacy index for long-term therapy outcomes expressed by maintenance of EASI 75 and IGA 0,1 response in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Silverberg Jonathan I , Irvine Alan , Foley Peter , Del Rosso James , Schacht Alexander , Dossenbach Martin , Casillas Marta , Johansson Erin , Gallo Gaia , Gold Linda Stein 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic inflammatory disease requiring long-term, continuous therapy, yet in real life, patients may need to temporarily interrupt therapy.

Objectives
To indirectly compare long-term outcomes with lebrikizumab, tralokinumab, and dupilumab, we present an exploratory efficacy index, which accounts for on-drug and off-drug combined outcomes at Week 52.

Methods
The data set consisted of patients who, after 16 weeks, responded to treatment, defined as achieving either an IGA 0,1 or EASI 75 score, and who were randomized to receive maintenance dosages of lebrikizumab 250 mg Q4W (ADvocate1; ADvocate2), tralokinumab 300 mg Q2W (ECZTRA1; ECZTRA 2), and dupilumab 300 mg QW, Q2W (SOLO-CONTINUE) or were randomized to withdraw these treatments up to Week 52. The efficacy index is based on a weighted combination of response rates at Week 52, using non-responder imputation results, for IGA 0,1 or EASI 75, for patients who were either in the treatment continuation or the withdrawal arm. Here, we report the efficacy index, in which the weight places equal emphasis on continuing or stopping treatment, and we compare the efficacy index of tralokinumab and dupilumab with lebrikizumab.

Results
The efficacy index (95% CI) for lebrikizumab, tralokinumab, and dupilumab, respectively, was 53% (45%-61%), 45% (37%-53%), and 34% (28%-40%) with IGA 0,1; 63% (55%-71%), 42% (35%-49%), and 51% (45%-57%) with EASI 75. With IGA 0,1, lebrikizumab was statistically different from dupilumab; with EASI 75, lebrikizumab was statistically different from dupilumab and tralokinumab.

Conclusions
This novel efficacy index, which accounts for the importance of continuing or stopping therapy after Week 16, may be a useful tool to indirectly compare long-term treatment outcomes. Lebrikizumab’s higher efficacy index may translate to improved long-term management of AD.