bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Medicaid expansion on cancer treatment and survival among Medicaid beneficiaries and the uninsured
Authors: Primm Kristin M. , Zhao Hui , Adjei Naomi N. , Sun Charlotte C. , Haas Alen , Meyer Larissa A. , Chang Shine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Affordable Care Act expanded Medicaid coverage for people with low income in the United States. Expanded insurance coverage could promote more timely access to cancer treatment, which could improve overall survival (OS), yet the long‐term effects of Medicaid expansion (ME) remain unknown. We evaluated whether ME was associated with improved timely treatment initiation (TTI) and 3‐year OS among patients with breast, cervical, colon, and lung cancers who were affected by the policy.MethodsMedicaid‐insured or uninsured patients aged 40–64 with stage I–III breast, cervical, colon, or non‐small cell lung cancer within the National Cancer Database (NCDB). A difference‐in‐differences (DID) approach was used to compare changes in TTI (within 60 days) and 3‐year OS between patients in ME states versus nonexpansion (NE) states before (2010–2013) and after (2015–2018) ME. Adjusted DID estimates for TTI and 3‐year OS were calculated using multivariable linear regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models, respectively.ResultsME was associated with a relative increase in TTI within 60 days for breast (DID = 4.6; p < 0.001), cervical (DID = 5.0 p = 0.013), and colon (DID = 4.0, p = 0.008), but not lung cancer (p = 0.505). In Cox regression analysis, ME was associated with improved 3‐year OS for breast (DID hazard ratio [HR] = 0.82, p = 0.009), cervical (DID‐HR = 0.81, p = 0.048), and lung (DID‐HR = 0.87, p = 0.003). Changes in 3‐year OS for colon cancer were not statistically different between ME and NE states (DID‐HR, 0.77; p = 0.075).ConclusionsFindings suggest that expanded insurance coverage can improve treatment and survival outcomes among low income and uninsured patients with cancer. As the debate surrounding ME continues nationwide, our findings serve as valuable insights to inform the development of policies aimed at fostering accessible and affordable healthcare for all.
Investigating the Anticancer Effects of Pleurotus ostreatus Polysaccharide on G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Moyen Uddin PK Md , O'Sullivan Jane , Sayful Islam Mohammad , Shahangir Biswas Mohammad , Arbia Lubatul , Pervin Rumana , Rahman Matiar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite the advancement of cancer treatment by various means including surgery, chemotherapy etc, cancer is still a challenging disease to manage. This study was undertaken to investigate extraction, purification, structural elucidation, and the potential anti‐cancer effects of Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide (POP). The anti‐cancer activities were performed on the Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cell Line. The results demonstrated that the MW of POP was154649.8 Da with homopolysaccharide composed of D‐glucose units, featuring (1→6)‐α‐D‐Glcp backbone with O‐6 branches and T‐α‐D‐Glcp terminations. and the yield was 6.27 %. The antitumor activity assessment demonstrated significant cytotoxicity of POP against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells, with an IC50 of 121.801 μg mL, supported by LDH release analysis. POP inhibited cell migration, invasion, and colony formation, indicating its potential as an anti‐cancer agent. POP elicited the apoptotic activity with the upregulation of Caspase‐9 and Bax, and downregulation of Bcl‐2. The DNA fragmentation assay further confirmed apoptosis‐mediated DNA degradations. Additionally, POP‐induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, by altering the expression of p53, Cyclin D, and Cdk4 proteins. So, Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide (POP) showed significant cytotoxicity on Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cells, indicating potential as an anti‐cancer agent.
A Donor‐Acceptor Molecular Octopus and the CLICK Procedure in Columnar Liquid Crystal Phases
Authors: Lehmann Matthias , Reber Lisa , Fink Leonard , Adelmann Juliane 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwo star‐shaped mesogens with a (meso‐tetraphenylporphinato) zinc (II) core and bithiophene conjugated arms with 3,4,5‐trisdodecyloxyphenyl periphery were synthesized. One of these molecules was decorated with four fullerenes via an aliphatic spacer. This is the sterically overcrowded compound with an octapodal morphology. The other star lacks the fullerenes and provides free space between the conjugated arms. This mesogen does not aggregate in solution, but in solid state it forms a hexagonal columnar and a highly ordered oblique helical columnar phase, while the octopus molecule assembles in an amorphous solid. Photophysical studies of the octapodal compound in solution and the solid thin film reveal the formation of J‐type aggregates, in which the interaction between donors (porphyrin) and acceptors (fullerene) dominates leading to absorption bands in the NIR region of the spectra. The mixture of both compounds results in a self‐assembly which is called the Click procedure. Fullerenes of the octopus nanosegregate in the pockets of the star mesogens generating hexagonal columnar structures with a regular stacking along the columnar axis. Thus providing free space is a tool to control the competition between supramolecular interactions and nanosegregation. Such liquid‐crystalline donor‐acceptor structures may play a role in future LC photovoltaic applications.
Exploiting Mixed Valence Charge Transfer for Electrochromic and Electrofluorochromic Use
Authors: Anthony Raj Mohan Raj , Yao Chengzhang , Frémont Mathieu , Skene W. G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn asymmetric mixed valence fluorophore with two different electron rich termini was investigated as a dual‐role active material for electrochromism and electrofluorochromism. The fluorescence quantum yield (Φfl) and emission wavelength of the fluorophore were dependent on solvent polarity. The quantum yield of the material in an electrolyte gel, on a glass substrate and in a device was 40 %, 20 % and 13 % respectively. The fluorophore further underwent two near‐simultaneous electrochemical oxidations. The first oxidation resulted in a 1000 nm red shift in the absorption to broadly absorb in the NIR, corresponding to the intervalence charge transfer (IVCT). Whereas the second oxidation led to a perceived green color at 715 nm with the extinction of the NIR absorbing IVCT. Owing to the dissymmetry of the fluorophore along with its two unique oxidation sites, the IVCT gives rise to a mixed valence transfer charge (MVCT). The coloration efficiency of the fluorophore in both solution and a device was 1433 and 200 cm2 C−1, respectively. The fluorescence intensity could be reversibly modulated electrochemically. The photoemission intensity of the fluorophore was modulated with applied potential in an operating electrochromic/electrofluorochromic device. Both the dual electrochromic and the electrofluorochromic behavior of the fluorophore were demonstrated.
Comparison of skin prick test and prick‐to‐prick test with fruits and vegetables in the diagnosis of food allergy
Authors: Terlouw Severina , van Boven Frank E. , Borsboom‐van Zonneveld Monika , de Graaf‐in ’t Veld Tineke , Gerth van Wijk Roy , van Daele Paul L. A. , van Maaren Maurits S. , Kuijpers Jac H. S. A. M. , Veenbergen Sharon , de Jong Nicolette W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionPrick‐to‐prick (PTP) test with fresh food is accepted as a reliable tool for measuring sensitization to fruits and vegetables. Not all fruits and vegetables are available throughout the year. The objective of this study was to investigate whether skin prick test (SPT) performed with frozen juice of fruits and vegetables (FJFV) is a good alternative to PTP tests performed with fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV).MethodsAdult patients suspected of having a food allergy to fruits and/or vegetables were included. A questionnaire was used to score symptoms after consumption of apple, kiwi, peach, tomato, and carrot. SPTs with FJFV, and PTP tests with FFV were performed. Intra‐class correlation coefficients (ICC) between the SPT and PTP test results were calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of both diagnostic tests towards food allergen specific symptoms (FASS) were calculated.ResultsThirty‐six patients were included. FASS was positive in 75% for apple, 53% for kiwi, 44% for peach, 25% for tomato, and 22% for carrot. ICC between SPT and PTP test results were moderate for apple (0.72) and kiwi (0.71), strong for peach (0.75) and tomato (0.89), and very strong for carrot (0.94). Sensitivity was equal for the SPT and PTP tests for apple (0.93), peach (0.81), and carrot (1.00), and comparable for kiwi (0.50 resp. 0.70), and tomato (0.44 resp. 0.56). Specificity was equal for apple (0.33), peach (0.15), and carrot (0.41), and comparable for kiwi (0.29 resp. 0.21) and tomato (0.80 resp. 0.72).ConclusionsResults of SPT with FJFV and PTP test with FFV are comparable. SPT with FJFV is a good alternative in the daily practice of the allergists.
Exploring the usability of simulated patient methodology in dental clinics in Western Australia: A pilot survey
Authors: Liyange Viduni , Low Xin Rong , Park Joon Soo , Ngo Hien C. , Clifford Rhonda , Seubert Liza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the dental staff knowledge of simulated patient methodology and support for its use to investigate dental staffs' triaging ability.Material and MethodsStaff at dental practices in Western Australia were invited to participate in a cross‐sectional online questionnaire, consisting of demographic questions, questions on triaging, and knowledge of simulated patient methodology. Descriptive and parametric tests were undertaken for quantitative data; qualitative responses were thematically analyzed.ResultsOf the 100 participants, most were female (71%), aged 25−39 years (57%), dentists (46%), and worked in private practices (60%). While 82% of participants triaged dental appointment enquiries, only 26% had heard of simulated patient studies. The majority (66%) of participants spent 1−5 min when triaging appointments and less than half (29%) asked about medical history, aggravating or alleviating factors. Although there was a general positive attitude toward use of simulated patient methodology to investigate practice, some concerns were identified.ConclusionsThe findings of our exploratory study suggests that there may be a potential for utilizing simulated patient studies to improve the care of patients by dental receptionists in general dental practices.
Effects of Different Concentrations of Carbamide Peroxide on Color, Surface Roughness, and Hardness of CAD/CAM Dental Ceramics
Authors: Jamshidi Saman , Alaghemand Homayoun , Esmaeili Behnaz , Gholinia Hemmat 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study assessed the effects of 15% and 20% carbamide peroxide (CP) on color, surface roughness, and hardness of computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) dental ceramics.Materials and MethodsThis in vitro study was conducted on 120 Vita Mark II, Celtra Duo, and Suprinity CAD/CAM ceramic specimens. The ceramic specimens in each group (n = 40) were randomly assigned to two subgroups (n = 20) for polishing and glazing, and their baseline color, surface roughness (Ra), and hardness were assessed. In each subgroup, half of the specimens were exposed to 15% CP, while the other half were exposed to 20% CP. Their color change (ΔE), surface roughness, and hardness were then measured again. Surface roughness, hardness, and color were analyzed sequentially by profilometer, Vickers hardness tester, and spectrophotometer, respectively. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA, one‐way ANOVA, and post hoc Bonferroni test (α = 0.05).ResultsThe surface roughness of all groups significantly increased after bleaching treatment (p < 0.05). Surface hardness of all groups decreased after bleaching treatment, but this reduction was only significant in Vita Mark II subgroups (glazed, polished, 15%, and 20% CP). The ΔE was not clinically and visually perceivable in any group.ConclusionThe present results revealed that concentration of CP and type of surface treatment affected the surface properties of CAD/CAM ceramics. Type of surface treatment only affected the surface hardness of Vita Mark II ceramics (p < 0.05). Concentration of CP had a significant effect only on polished Vita Mark II.
Artificial Intelligence Readiness, Perceptions, and Educational Needs Among Dental Students: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Hammoudi Halat Dalal , Shami Rula , Daud Alaa , Sami Waqas , Soltani Abderrezzaq , Malki Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesWith Artificial Intelligence (AI) profoundly affecting education, ensuring that students in health disciplines are ready to embrace AI is essential for their future workforce integration. This study aims to explore dental students' readiness to use AI, perceptions about AI in health education and healthcare, and their AI‐related educational needs.Material and MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among dental students at the College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University. The survey assessed readiness for AI using the Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale (MAIRS). Students' perceptions of AI in healthcare and health education and their educational needs were also explored.ResultsA total of 94 students responded to the survey. AI readiness scores were average (3.3 ± 0.64 out of 5); while participants appeared more ready for the vision and ethics domains of MAIRS, they showed less readiness regarding cognition and ability. Participants scored average on AI perceptions (3.35 ± 0.45 out of 5), with concerns regarding AI risks and disadvantages. They expressed a high need for knowledge and skills related to AI use in healthcare (84%), AI for health‐related research (81.9%), and AI in radiology and imaging procedures (79.8%). Student readiness had a significant correlation with AI perceptions and perceived level of AI knowledge.ConclusionsThis is the first study in Qatar exploring dental students' AI readiness, perceptions, and educational needs regarding AI applications in education and healthcare. The perceived AI knowledge gaps could inform future curricular AI integration. Advancing AI skills and deepening AI comprehension can empower future dental professionals through anticipated advances in the AI‐driven healthcare landscape.
Clinical and cytological characteristics of serous effusions in 69 cases of lymphoma patients
Authors: Zhang Suxia , Chen Xue , Bo Jiaqi , Zhu Xuyou , Zhang Tingting , Gao Zhaoping , Zheng Fanshuo , Bi Xiaohan , Luo Xiu , Li Bing , Xiu Bing , Zeng Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the value of cell morphology, immunophenotype, and gene alterations of serosal effusion in the diagnosis of lymphoma.MethodsSerosal effusion of 69 cases of lymphoma patients were collected, including 36 cases with malignant effusion and 33 cases with nonmalignant effusion. Ordinary cytology, liquid‐based cytology, cellblock, and immunocytochemical staining were performed in each case, some cases were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization for C‐MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 gene translocations. T/B cell ratio in malignant and nonmalignant serosal effusions was analyzed and compared by flow cytometry (FCM) and immunohistochemical (IHC), respectively. The prognostic value of serous effusion in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was investigated and another 20 DLBCL cases without effusion were successively selected as control.ResultsThe number of naive lymphocytes, apoptotic bodies, and mitotic figures were more common in malignant effusions compared with nonmalignant effusions (p < .01). The top three lymphomas in malignant effusion were DLBCL (19/36, 52.8%), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (4/36, 11.1%, 3 blastoid variant) and high‐grade B‐cell lymphoma (HGBL) (4/36, 11.1%). T/B cell ratio by FCM analysis ranged from 0.00 to 0.55 (mean 0.084) in malignant effusion, and 2.58 to 984.00 (mean 249.9) in nonmalignant effusion. The difference was significant (p = .017). The T/B cell ratio by IHC analysis ranged from 0.02 to 3.00 (mean 0.200) in malignant effusion, and 2.00–100.00 (mean 34.10) in nonmalignant effusion. The difference was significant (p = .017). In the effusions involving DLBCL, most effusions were present at the time of diagnosis (57.9%); single pleural effusions were more common (36.8%). The median overall survival times of patients with malignant effusion, nonmalignant effusion and DLBCL without serous effusion were 11, 17, and 23 months respectively (p = .04). Three patients of HGBL died, and the overall survival times were 5, 8, and 9 months, respectively.ConclusionsThe cytomorphological characteristics combined with immunophenotype, FCM, gene rearrangement, and other tests can diagnose and classify patients with effusion as the first symptom. The T/B cell ratio is less than 1 by FCM or IHC suggesting a malignant serosal effusion. The presence of malignant effusion in DLBCL patients is an important clue for poor prognosis.
How important are the cytomorphologic subtypes of the salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) category in the Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytology? An institutional experience 2018–2024
Authors: Arisi Maria Florencia , Jin Xueting , Ravish Nakul A. , Chand Momal T. , Baloch Zubair 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionSalivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) is an important diagnostic category of the Milan System for reporting salivary gland cytology (MSRSGC). Further subcategorization by cytomorphologic subtypes has been recommended to risk‐stratify cases. In this study, our institutional experience with the risk of neoplasm (RON) and risk of malignancy (ROM) based on cytomorphologic subcategorization of SUMP is reported. We also report the prevalence of malignancy (POM) at our institution.MethodsThe pathology database was queried for cases of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosed as SUMP along with follow‐up at our institution from 2018–February 2024. This study was approved by an institutional review board.ResultsOf 1159 cases of salivary gland FNA specimens reported as per MSRSGC at our institution, 14.8% (171/1159 cases) were diagnosed as SUMP, with these reports verified by at least 16 cytopathologists. Surgical follow‐up was available for 139/171 (81.3%) of these cases, for which the original cytomorphologic subgroups were as follows: 65 (46.8%) basaloid, 48 (34.5%) oncocytic/oncocytoid, 14 (10.1%) myoepithelial, 9 (6.5%) other, 2 (1.4%) clear cell, and 1 (0.7%) mucinous. The POM within SUMP at our institution is within a range of 29.8%–36.7%. When considering all cases, our institutional RON for SUMP was 97.8% (136/139), and the ROM was 36.7% (51/139). Notably, a significant portion of cases (36%, 50/139) underwent review at a daily intradepartmental consensus conference. Analysis revealed that SUMP cases that underwent consensus review had a ROM of 46% (23/50), versus 31.5% (28/89) in independently verified cases (p = .13). Of the cytomorphologic subgroups, basaloid SUMP in particular was more likely to be benign on resection when the case had been independently verified than after consensus review (p = .0082). When considering only the independently verified cases, the ROM for each subgroup was as follows: 38.7% (12/31) in oncocytic/oncocytoid, 20% (9/45) in basaloid, 33.3% (2/6) in myoepithelial, 60% (3/5) in “other”, and 100% (1/1) in both mucinous and clear cell (p = .0407).ConclusionWhile the RON is high across all cytomorphologic subgroups of SUMP, the ROM does vary across the groups, with basaloid cytomorphology having the lowest ROM. This effect is seen in independently verified cases but not in cases having undergone consensus review.
Coinage Metal Effect on the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Monomeric Metal‐Hydride Complexes
Authors: Sorbelli Diego , Belpassi Leonardo , Belanzoni Paola 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe role of the coinage metal in monomeric hydride complexes for the reduction of carbon dioxide to formate has been computationally addressed in this work. The common reaction mechanism, i. e. a concerted M−H (M=Cu, Ag, Au) bond attack to the CO2 carbon atom with one oxygen atom coordinating to the metal center, has been analyzed, revealing a kinetically less favorable reactivity for the gold‐hydride complex. A thorough computational investigation discloses that, while all complexes feature covalent electron‐sharing M−H bonds, copper‐ and silver‐hydride complexes display a relevant M(δ+)−H(δ−) bond polarization, which enables an enhanced basicity of the hydride and, thereby, a more kinetically favorable CO2 reduction process. This study provides useful guidelines for the design of monomeric metal hydride complexes as promising candidates for the CO2 reduction.
Optimization of electrolyte‐insulator‐semiconductor capacitor sensor by differential design
Authors: Luo Jiezhang , Liu Shibin , Chen Yinghao , Tan Jie , Zhao Wenbo , Yang Yongyi , Hui Chenbo , Zheng Yaoxin , Tan Yue , Li Guifang , Li Xueliang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn electrolyte‐insulator‐semiconductor capacitor (EISCAP) sensor with the unique differential design is proposed where a liquid‐free reference (LR) device is used as the reference signal source. After the output matching based on AC excitation adjustment, LR device can provide up to 80 % elimination efficiency of background signal for differential EISCAP sensor. Experiment results of pH sensing demonstrate that the differential EISCAP sensor has the better accuracy and time stability compared with conventional EISCAP sensor. The differential design provides a feasible optimization direction for EISCAP sensor in monitoring applications.
Risk of behavioral disturbances in pediatric patients with epilepsy and mild to moderate cognitive impairment: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Schader Carla , Schmidlechner Tristan , Cornell Sonia , Gerstl Lucia , Trollmann Regina , Borggraefe Ingo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess whether children and adolescents with epilepsy are at higher risk of behavioral disturbances when they have concomitant cognitive disturbances.MethodsBehavioral scores were generated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Cognitive evaluation was applied by using different age appropriate versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. CBCL scores (total, externalizing, internalizing) were compared between patients with and without intellectual disability (IQ score < 70 and ≥70, respectively).Results144 (10.2 mean age, 6.0–17.9 range) patients were recruited for the study. Patients with mild to moderate intellectual disability (full‐scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) < 70) were not at higher risk of behavioral disturbances (total CBCL score ≥ 63) than patients without cognitive impairment. The mean total CBCL score was 62.0 ± 10.6 (range 42.0–83.5, 95% CI 57.9–62.0) and 59.3 ± 10.3 (range 38.0–80.0, CI 57.4–61.2) for patients with FSIQ < 70 and ≥70, respectively. There was no correlation between FSIQ and total CBCL scores. These findings were true for all IQ subcategories.SignificanceBehavioral disturbances among children and adolescents with epilepsy occur despite the presence or absence of intellectual dysfunction with respect to full‐scale IQ.