bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
structures containing silicon nanocrystals in
radiation dosimetry
Authors: Nesheva Diana , Nedev Nikola , Curiel Mario , Dzhurkov Valeri , Arias Abraham , Manolov Emil , Mateos David , Valdez Benjamin , Bineva Irina , Herrera Rigoberto 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This article makes a brief review of the most important
results obtained by the authors and their collaborators
during the last four years in the field of the development
of metal-insulator-silicon structures with dielectric
film containing silicon nanocrystals, which are suitable
for applications in radiation dosimetry. The preparation
of SiOx films is briefly discussed and the annealing
conditions used for the growth of silicon nanocrystals are
presented. A two-step annealing process for preparation
of metal-oxide-semiconductor structures with three-layer
gate dielectrics is described. Electron Microscopy investigations
prove the Si nanocrystals growth, reveal the crystal
spatial distribution in the gate dielectric and provide
evidences for the formation of a top SiO2 layerwhen applying
the two-step annealing. Two types of MOS structures
with three region gate dielectricswere fabricated and characterized
by high frequency capacitance/conductancevoltage
(C/G-V) measurements. The effect of gamma and
ultraviolet radiation on the flatband voltage of preliminary
charged metal-oxide-semiconductor structures is investigated
and discussed.
Kantowski-Sachs Cosmological model with quark and strange
quark matter in f(R) theory of gravity
Authors: Adhav Kishor S. , Bansod Abhijit S. , Munde Samadhan L. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper we have studied the Kantowski-
Sachs cosmological model with the quark and strange
quark matter in the f (R) theory of gravity. The general solutions
of the field equations are obtained by assuming the
physical condition shear scalar σ is proportional to scalar
expansion θ, which leads to the relation B = An between
metric coefficients B and A. The physical and geometrical
aspects of the model are also discussed.
Schrödinger spectrum generated by the Cornell potential
Authors: Hall Richard L. , Saad Nasser 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The eigenvalues Ed
nl (a, c) of the d-dimensional Schrödinger equation with the Cornell potential V(r) = −a/r + c r, a, c > 0 are analyzed by means of the envelope method and the asymptotic iteration method (AIM). Scaling arguments show that it is suffcient to know E(1, λ), and the envelope method provides analytic bounds for the equivalent complete set of coupling functions λ(E). Meanwhile the easily-implemented AIM procedure yields highly accurate numerical eigenvalues with little computational effort.
Harnack inequalities and applications for functional SDEs driven by fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Li Zhi , Luo Jiaowan 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper, Harnack inequalities are established for stochastic functional differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H < 1/2. As applications, the strong Feller property, the log-Harnack inequality and the entropy-cost inequality are given. We also get the derivative estimate and give the corresponding Harnack inequality.
Tipping the MYC–MIZ1 balance: targeting the HUWE1 ubiquitin ligase selectively blocks MYC‐activated genes
Authors: Schaub Franz X , Cleveland John L 
Published: November 2014

MYC family oncoproteins (MYC, N‐MYC and L‐MYC) function as basic helix‐loop‐helix‐leucine zipper (bHLH‐Zip) transcription factors that are activated (i.e., overexpressed) in well over half of all human malignancies (Boxer & Dang, ; Beroukhim et al, ). In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Eilers and colleagues (Peter et al, ) describe a novel approach to disable MYC, whereby inhibition of the ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 stabilizes MIZ1 and leads to the selective repression of MYC‐activated target genes.
Quantification of cytosolic interactions identifies Ede1 oligomers as key organizers of endocytosis
Authors: Boeke Dominik , Trautmann Susanne , Meurer Matthias , Wachsmuth Malte , Godlee Camilla , Knop Michael , Kaksonen Marko 
Published: November 2014

AbstractClathrin‐mediated endocytosis is a highly conserved intracellular trafficking pathway that depends on dynamic protein–protein interactions between up to 60 different proteins. However, little is known about the spatio‐temporal regulation of these interactions. Using fluorescence (cross)‐correlation spectroscopy in yeast, we tested 41 previously reported interactions in vivo and found 16 to exist in the cytoplasm. These detected cytoplasmic interactions included the self‐interaction of Ede1, homolog of mammalian Eps15. Ede1 is the crucial scaffold for the organization of the early stages of endocytosis. We show that oligomerization of Ede1 through its central coiled coil domain is necessary for its localization to the endocytic site and we link the oligomerization of Ede1 to its function in locally concentrating endocytic adaptors and organizing the endocytic machinery. Our study sheds light on the importance of the regulation of protein–protein interactions in the cytoplasm for the assembly of the endocytic machinery in vivo.
Sex Differences in Factors Contributing to Family‐to‐work and Work‐to‐family Conflict in Japanese Civil Servants
Authors: Fujimura Yuko , Sekine Michikazu , Tatsuse Takashi 
Published: November 2014

Sex Differences in Factors Contributing to Family‐to‐work and Work‐to‐family Conflict in Japanese Civil Servants: Yuko FUJIMURA, et al. Department of Epidemiology and Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama—ObjectivesAs the number of dual‐earner couples in Japan has increased, work‐life balance has become important. This study aimed to examine the factors that contribute to work‐family conflict.MethodsThe participants included 3,594 (2,332 men and 1,262 women) civil servants aged 20−59 working for local government on the west coast of Japan. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether work, family, or lifestyle characteristics were associated with work‐family conflict.ResultsFor men, family‐to‐work conflict was associated with being elderly, having low‐grade employment, working long hours, raising children, and sleeping shorter hours. For women, being married and raising children were strong determinants of family‐to‐work conflict, and being middle‐aged, working long hours, and sleeping shorter hours were also associated with this type of conflict. Regarding work‐to‐family conflict, working long hours was the strongest determinant of conflict in both sexes. In men, being elderly, living with family, eating dinner late, and sleeping shorter hours were also associated with work‐to‐family conflict. In women, having highgrade employment, being married, raising children, and eating dinner late were associated with work‐to‐family conflict.ConclusionsThis study showed that working long hours was the primary determinant of work‐tofamily conflict in both sexes and that being married and raising children were strong factors of family‐to‐work conflict in women only. Sex differences may reflect divergence of the social and domestic roles of men and women in Japanese society. To improve the work‐life balance, general and sex‐specific health policies may be required.
Metabolic Rate Prediction in Young and Old Men by Heart Rate, Ambient Temperature, Weight and Body Fat Percentage
Authors: Ueno Satoru , Ikeda Koichi , Tai Tetsuo 
Published: November 2014

Metabolic Rate Prediction in Young and Old Men by Heart Rate, Ambient Temperature, Weight and Body Fat Percentage: Satoru UENO, et al. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health—ObjectivesAn estimation of metabolic rate (MR) is needed to determine wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT) reference values in order to reduce heat strain in physical workers. The aim of this study was to develop MR prediction equation for younger and older men in hot working environments.MethodsWe measured the MR and heart rate (HR) of both younger and older men at ambient temperatures (Ta) of 25, 30 and 35°C while they cycled on a bicycle ergometer at a workload of 30, 45 and 60% of maximal oxygen uptake . (V ). Seven younger male university students aged O2max 22.9 ± 0.7 (mean ± SD) years and seven older male workers aged 61.7 ± 2.2 (mean ± SD) years participated in this study. MR, HR and rectal temperature (Tre) were measured during the study. HR, ambient temperature (Ta), body weight (BW) and body fat percentage (BF) served as predictors of MR using multivariate analysis. To increase the MR prediction accuracy, the following three alternative predictors of HR were used: HRres, calculated as 100 × [(HR − resting HR) / (maximal HR − resting HR)]; HRnet, calculated as (HR − resting HR); and HRi, calculated as (HR / resting HR).ResultsThe R2value indicated that the models with HR or res HR were more accurate than those with HRor HR. net i Ta had a significantly positive correlation with MR in older men. BW had a significantly positive correlation with MR in both younger and older men, and BF had a significantly negative correlation with MR in both younger and older men.ConclusionsHR or HR res net enabled more accurate MR prediction than HR. BW and BF would increase the accuracy of MR prediction.
Health Outcomes in Young Adults From Foster Care and Economically Diverse Backgrounds
Authors: Ahrens Kym R. , Garrison Michelle M. , Courtney Mark E. 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Foster youth have high rates of health problems in childhood. Little work has been done to determine whether they are similarly vulnerable to increased health problems once they transition to adulthood. We sought to prospectively evaluate the risk of cardiovascular risk factors and other chronic conditions among young adults formerly in foster care (FC) and young adults from economically insecure (EI) and economically secure (ES) backgrounds in the general population.METHODS:We used data from the Midwest Evaluation of the Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth (FC group; N = 596) and an age-matched sample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (EI and ES groups; N = 456 and 1461, respectively). After controlling for covariates, we performed multivariate regressions to evaluate health outcomes and care access by group at 2 time points (baseline at late adolescence, follow-up at 25–26 years).RESULTS:Data revealed a consistent pattern of graduated increase in odds of most health outcomes, progressing from ES to EI to FC groups. Health care access indicators were more variable; the FC group was most likely to report having Medicaid or no insurance but was least likely to report not getting needed care in the past year.CONCLUSIONS:Former foster youth appear to have a higher risk of multiple chronic health conditions, beyond that which is associated with economic insecurity. Findings may be relevant to policymakers and practitioners considering the implementation of extended insurance and foster care programs and interventions to reduce health disparities in young adulthood.
Variability in ADHD Care in Community-Based Pediatrics
Authors: Epstein Jeffery N. , Kelleher Kelly J. , Baum Rebecca , Brinkman William B. , Peugh James , Gardner William , Lichtenstein Phil , Langberg Joshua 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND:
Although many efforts have been made to improve the quality of care delivered to children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in community-based pediatric settings, little is known about typical ADHD care in these settings other than rates garnered through pediatrician self-report.

METHODS:
Rates of evidence-based ADHD care and sources of variability (practice-level, pediatrician-level, patient-level) were determined by chart reviews of a random sample of 1594 patient charts across 188 pediatricians at 50 different practices. In addition, the associations of Medicaid-status and practice setting (ie, urban, suburban, and rural) with the quality of ADHD care were examined.

RESULTS:
Parent- and teacher-rating scales were used during ADHD assessment with approximately half of patients. The use of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria was documented in 70.4% of patients. The vast majority (93.4%) of patients with ADHD were receiving medication and only 13.0% were receiving psychosocial treatment. Parent- and teacher-ratings were rarely collected to monitor treatment response or side effects. Further, fewer than half (47.4%) of children prescribed medication had contact with their pediatrician within the first month of prescribing. Most variability in pediatrician-delivered ADHD care was accounted for at the patient level; however, pediatricians and practices also accounted for significant variability on specific ADHD care behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS:
There is great need to improve the quality of ADHD care received by children in community-based pediatric settings. Improvements will likely require systematic interventions at the practice and policy levels to promote change.
Podobieństwo wahań koniunkturalnych w Stanach Zjednoczonych i w dużych gospodarkach wschodzących
Authors: Wyrobek Joanna , Stańczyk Zbigniew 
Published: November 2014

The purpose of the paper was to verify the hypothesis that a relationship exists between business cycles in the US and the main emerging economies (excluding China). If one compares the deviations of GDPs from their long-term trends on the basis of the conducted analysis, including harmonic and coherence analysis, it appears that prior to the global financial crisis there was already some degree of synchronisation of cycles between these economies and the US, which then increased substantially during the crisis itself. If this was a real phenomenon, one may justifiably have doubts as to the ability of the majority of emerging economies to reach pre-crisis GDP growth rates in the near future.
Evaluation of Transverse Maxillary Expansion after a Segmental Posterior Subapical Maxillary Osteotomy in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients with Severe Collapse of the Lateral Maxillary Segments
Authors: Carpentier S. , Van Gastel J. , Schoenaers J. , Carels C. , Poorten V. Vander , Coucke W. , Verdonck A. 
Published: November 2014

Objective The purpose of this longitudinal retrospective study was to evaluate transverse maxillary expansion after a Schuchardt or segmental posterior subapical maxillary osteotomy (SPSMO) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). A second aim was to compare these data with data for adult patients without CLP who were receiving a surgical assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE). Method The study group comprised 19 patients with CLP and a severe transversally collapsed maxilla who were treated with SPSMO followed by hyrax expansion at the University Hospitals Leuven. Dental casts of the 19 patients were analyzed before treatment, at maximum expansion, during orthodontic treatment, at the completion of orthodontic treatment. and 2 years after orthodontic treatment and were measured at the canine, premolar, and molar levels. Adult patients without CLP who were enrolled in a prospective study served as the control group. Results Maxillary expansion within the study group was significantly greater ( P < .05) at all measured levels compared with the maxillary arch before treatment. No significant relapse was measured in the study group 2 years after orthodontic treatment. When comparing the study and control groups, the only statistical difference was that canine expansion was significantly greater in the study group. Conclusion SPSMO followed by maxillary expansion and orthodontic treatment is an appropriate treatment option to correct a severe transversally collapsed maxilla in patients with CLP. The overall treatment effect of SPSMO expansion is comparable with the effects of SARPE, although canine expansion was greater in the SPSMO group.
Biomass is the main driver of changes in ecosystem process rates during tropical forest succession
Authors: Lohbeck Madelon , Poorter Lourens , Martínez-Ramos Miguel , Bongers Frans 
Published: November 2014

Over half of the world's forests are disturbed, and the rate at which ecosystem processes recover after disturbance is important for the services these forests can provide. We analyze the drivers' underlying changes in rates of key ecosystem processes (biomass productivity, litter productivity, actual litter decomposition, and potential litter decomposition) during secondary succession after shifting cultivation in wet tropical forest of Mexico.We test the importance of three alternative drivers of ecosystem processes: vegetation biomass (vegetation quantity hypothesis), community‐weighted trait mean (mass ratio hypothesis), and functional diversity (niche complementarity hypothesis) using structural equation modeling. This allows us to infer the relative importance of different mechanisms underlying ecosystem process recovery.Ecosystem process rates changed during succession, and the strongest driver was aboveground biomass for each of the processes. Productivity of aboveground stem biomass and leaf litter as well as actual litter decomposition increased with initial standing vegetation biomass, whereas potential litter decomposition decreased with standing biomass. Additionally, biomass productivity was positively affected by community‐weighted mean of specific leaf area, and potential decomposition was positively affected by functional divergence, and negatively by community‐weighted mean of leaf dry matter content.Our empirical results show that functional diversity and community‐weighted means are of secondary importance for explaining changes in ecosystem process rates during tropical forest succession. Instead, simply, the amount of vegetation in a site is the major driver of changes, perhaps because there is a steep biomass buildup during succession that overrides more subtle effects of community functional properties on ecosystem processes. We recommend future studies in the field of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning to separate the effects of vegetation quality (community‐weighted mean trait values and functional diversity) from those of vegetation quantity (biomass) on ecosystem processes and services.
CD247, a Novel T Cell–Derived Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Detecting Disease Progression and Severity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Eldor Roy , Klieger Yair , Sade-Feldman Moshe , Vaknin Ilan , Varfolomeev Inna , Fuchs Camil , Baniyash Michal 
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE
We have previously shown that chronic inflammation results in immunosuppression associated with CD247 downregulation in T lymphocytes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to be associated with chronic inflammation. We therefore sought to examine CD247 expression levels in patients with T2DM and to assess whether it can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for disease complications and outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Peripheral blood samples from 75 T2DM patients and 40 healthy control subjects were collected and analyzed for the expression level of CD247 in T lymphocytes. Subjects with T2DM underwent a medical interview with physical examination and were followed for an additional average of 19.2 ± 0.9 months to determine the occurrence of major adverse disease end points. The relationship between the level of CD247 expression and disease status at the time of blood draw and the ability of the marker to identify future complications was evaluated.

RESULTS
We observed a significant reduction in CD247 expression levels in T lymphocytes of T2DM patients when compared with healthy volunteers. CD247 downregulation was associated with disease severity, complications, and the occurrence of future cardiovascular events, suggesting its potential use not only as a diagnostic but also as a prognostic biomarker.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest the use of CD247 as a biomarker in diabetic patients for evaluating the state of chronic inflammation that contributes to morbidity and mortality in this disease and for the prediction of future cardiovascular events.
Glycemic Targets in the Second and Third Trimester of Pregnancy for Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Maresh Michael J.A. , Holmes Valerie A. , Patterson Christopher C. , Young Ian S. , Pearson Donald W.M. , Walker James D. , McCance David R. 
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE
To assess the relationship between second and third trimester glycemic control and adverse outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes, as uncertainty exists about optimum glycemic targets.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Pregnancy outcomes were assessed prospectively in 725 women with type 1 diabetes from the Diabetes and Pre-eclampsia Intervention Trial. HbA1c (A1C) values at 26 and 34 weeks’ gestation were categorized into five groups, the lowest, &lt;6.0% (42 mmol/mol), being the reference. Average pre- and postprandial results from an eight-point capillary glucose profile the previous day were categorized into five groups, the lowest (preprandial &lt;5.0 mmol/L and postprandial &lt;6.0 mmol/L) being the reference.

RESULTS
An A1C of 6.0–6.4% (42–47 mmol/mol) at 26 weeks’ gestation was associated with a significantly increased risk of large for gestational age (LGA) (odds ratio 1.7 [95% CI 1.0–3.0]) and an A1C of 6.5–6.9% (48–52 mmol/mol) with a significantly increased risk of preterm delivery (odds ratio 2.5 [95% CI 1.3–4.8]), pre-eclampsia (4.3 [1.7–10.8]), need for a neonatal glucose infusion (2.9 [1.5–5.6]), and a composite adverse outcome (3.2 [1.3–8.0]). These risks increased progressively with increasing A1C. Results were similar at 34 weeks’ gestation. Glucose data showed less consistent trends, although the risk of a composite adverse outcome increased with preprandial glucose levels between 6.0 and 6.9 mmol/L at 34 weeks (3.3 [1.3–8.0]).

CONCLUSIONS
LGA increased significantly with an A1C ≥6.0 (42 mmol/mol) at 26 and 34 weeks' gestation and with other adverse outcomes with an A1C ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). The data suggest that there is clinical utility in regular measurement of A1C during pregnancy.
Prioritization of the biomarkers to be analyzed in the French biomonitoring program
Authors: Fillol Clémence , Garnier Robert , Mullot Jean-Ulrich , Boudet Céline , Momas Isabelle , Salmi Louis Rachid , Vandentorren Stéphanie 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop a
comprehensive prioritization method to select the
biomarkers to be monitored in the French national
biomonitoring program. The first step consisted in
building an exhaustive list of biomarkers. The next step
involved prioritizing the initial list of biomarkers according
to specific scientific questions about human exposure
to chemicals in the environment, and meet logistical,
feasibility and budgetary constraints. The Delphi
consensus method was used to prioritize biomarkers and
was developed in three phases: i) the definition of relevant
criteria for selecting biomarkers; ii) the prioritization of the
biomarker list based on these criteria and iii) the validation
of the list by the stakeholders. Among the eight relevant
criteria for selecting biomarkers, hazard identification
and social perception were the highest-rated and lowestrated
criteria, respectively. After scoring each criterion
for each group of biomarkers, and discussing the relative
ranking of each group during a round table meeting, the final prioritized list obtained contained both historic (e.g.
dioxins or lead) and emerging substances (e.g. phthalates,
bisphenol A). Combining rigor and flexibility, our method
has clearly helped to build a prioritized list shared and
supported by many international actors.