bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the Silicone Implant actually in the Subperiosteal Pocket in Augmented Rhinoplasty?
Authors: Tungkeeratichai Jumroon , Bhongmakapat Thongchai , Saitongdee Porncharn , Orathai Pisamai , Urathamakul Sarinya , Chintrakarn Chalermchai , Kunachak Somyot 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTPurposeTo identify the right plane in augmented rhinoplasty to help facilitate the facial plastic surgeons in creating more natural look in oriental noses.Materials and methodsOne hundred and ten adult Thai cadavers comprising 61 males and 49 females from Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University were included in this study. Augmentation rhinoplasty with the closed technique was performed by using silicone prosthesis; then, surgical incision was done at midline from nasion to nasal tip to identify the correlation between silicone and periosteum in the area of rhinion and nasion.ResultsThis study included 61 male and 49 female cadavers. At the rhinion, silicones were placed in subperiosteal plane of 65 cadavers (59.1%) and above periosteum of 45 cadavers (40.9%). In nasion area, silicones were successfully inserted below periosteum of 109 cadavers (99.1%). However, silicone was placed in the supraperiosteum of only one cadaver (0.9%).ConclusionSilicone can be inserted into subperiosteal layer in the area of nasion easier than in the area of rhinion. Augmented rhinoplasty by using silicone insertion in subperiosteal plane, at lease in the nasion area, makes it more natural look, stable and can prevent misalignment.How to cite this articleTungkeeratichai J, Urathamakul S, Chintrakarn C, Bhongmakapat T, Saitongdee P, Orathai P, Kunachak S. Is the Silicone Implant actually in the Subperiosteal Pocket in Augmented Rhinoplasty? Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(3):130-132.
Cephalometric and Audiological Assessment of Eustachian Tube in Down Syndrome and Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Khanna Sunali , Rangasayee R 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective
Cephalometric assessment of Eustachian tube (ET) parameters and audiological evaluation in Down syndrome (DS) and Chronic Otitis Media (COM) and comparison with controls. The ET length, Total Cranial Base (TCB), Posterior Upper Facial Height (PUFH), Maxillary Depth (MD), s-ba (sella-basion) to Palatal Line (PL) and s-ba to ET length were considered.

Materials and methods
The study comprised of 75 subjects of both sexes in the age range of 7 to 20 years. Digital lateral cephalometry was performed for DS, COM and controls (n = 25). Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and immittance audiometry (IA) was performed to assess audiological status.

Results
ET length, PUFH, TCB and MD was found to be significantly reduced in DS and COM. s-ba to PL and s-ba to ET was significantly reduced in DS and COM. The s-ba to PL and s-ba to ET length angle in moderate and severe CHL (Conductive Hearing Loss) was decreased significantly. The s-ba to ET length was significantly decreased in patients with B and C tympanogram.

Conclusion
Aberration in the dimension of the region of the ET can be considered as a predisposing factor for otitis media and conductive hearing loss in DS.

How to cite this article
Khanna S, Rangasayee R. Cephalometric and Audiological Assessment of Eustachian Tube in Down Syndrome and Chronic Otitis Media. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(3):133-138.
Imbalance and Falls in Elderly: Review of Literature
Authors: Chauhan Yogendra Singh 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe purpose of review is to emphasize on the causes and assessment of elderly with imbalance and fall. Rising elderly population in future leading to increase in falls episode and associated injury will bring neurologists, otolaryngologists, cardiologists, psychiatrists, orthopedicians and occupational therapists under one umbrella for the management of elderly with balance disorder. This will increase in interspeciality mutualism and understanding ultimately leading to achieve goal to help our elderly to have better life.How to cite this articleChauhan YS. Imbalance and Falls in Elderly: Review of Literature. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(3):139-141.
Real-Life Decision Making in College Students II: Do Individual Differences Show Reliable Effects?
Authors: Galotti Kathleen M. , Tandler Jane M. , Wiener Hillary J. D. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
First-year undergraduates participated in a short-term longitudinal study of real-life decision making over their first 14 months of college. They were surveyed about 7 different decisions: choosing courses for upcoming terms (on 3 different occasions), choosing an academic major (twice), planning for the upcoming summer, and planning for sophomore-year housing. They also completed a survey of self-reported decision-making styles and the Need for Cognition survey (Cacioppo and Petty, 1982) to assess their focus on rationality and enjoyment of analytic thinking. Results showed few statistically significant correlations between stylistic measures and behavioral measures of decision making, in either the amount of information considered or the way in which the information integration tracked predictions of linear models of decision making applied to each participant’s data. However, there were consistent correlations, across the 7 decisions, between stylistic measures and affective reactions to, or retrospective descriptions of, episodes of decision making. We suggest that decision-making styles instruments may better reflect the construction of narratives of self as a decision maker more than they do actual behavior during decision making.
Effectiveness of Rituximab for the Otolaryngologic Manifestations of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener's)
Authors: Lally Lindsay , Lebovics Robert S. , Huang Wei‐Ti , Spiera Robert F. 
Published: February 2014

ObjectiveEar, nose, and throat (ENT) involvement is the most prevalent manifestation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) (GPA) and correlates with permanent damage and decreased quality of life. Although prior studies have evaluated the efficacy of rituximab (RTX) for granulomatous features of GPA, none have evaluated its efficacy solely for ENT manifestations. We compared the effectiveness of RTX to other therapies for the ENT manifestations of GPA in a large, well‐characterized cohort.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 975 visits from 99 GPA patients seen at a tertiary care ENT practice between 2003 and 2013. At each visit, subjects had a complete ENT examination, with ENT activity assessed by a single expert otolaryngologist. ENT disease activity during the observational period in subjects receiving RTX was compared to subjects receiving all other therapy.ResultsIn total, 48 subjects had never received RTX and 51 received RTX at least once. There was no active ENT disease during 92.4% of the observational period (days) for subjects receiving RTX, compared with 53.7% of the observational period for subjects not receiving RTX (odds ratio 11.0 [95% confidence interval 5.5–22.0], P < 0.0001). Subjects receiving RTX, compared with those receiving methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, or trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole, were significantly more likely to have no active ENT disease (P < 0.0001 for each comparison).ConclusionRTX is an effective treatment for ENT manifestations of GPA. Subjects treated with RTX were significantly less likely to have active ENT disease compared with those not receiving RTX. Patients being treated with RTX were 11 times less likely to have active ENT disease than patients being treated with other therapies.
Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab in Elderly Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Enrolled in a French Society of Rheumatology Registry
Authors: Payet Sarah , Soubrier Martin , Perrodeau Elodie , Bardin Thomas , Cantagrel Alain , Combe Bernard , Dougados Maxime , Flipo René‐Marc , Le Loët Xavier , Shaeverbeke Thierry , Ravaud Philippe , Gottenberg Jacques‐Eric , Mariette Xavier 
Published: February 2014

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) as a function of patient age.MethodsWe included all rheumatoid arthritis patients in the AutoImmunity and Rituximab registry with a 2‐year followup.ResultsOf the 1,709 patients, 191 were age ≥75 years, 417 were ages 65–74 years, 907 were ages 50–64 years, and 194 were age <50 years. At baseline, the elderly and very elderly patients presented with longer disease duration, a higher incidence of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C‐reactive protein level, a lower incidence of previous tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) therapy, and a smaller number of previously used TNFα agents. Disease activity, rheumatoid factor (RF), or anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP) antibodies and corticosteroid therapy were not statistically different among the groups. At 24 months, no significant difference was shown among the groups for RTX discontinuation rates (36.1% if age <50 years, 32.6% if ages 50–64 years, 34.5% if ages 65–74 years, and 32.5% if age >75 years). The reasons for discontinuation (inefficacy, adverse events) were the same in all 4 groups. Infections were more common in the elderly. Patients ages 65–75 years were more likely to be good responders than nonresponders at 1 year of followup than patients age ≥75 years (odds ratio 3.81, 95% confidence interval 1.14–12.79) after adjustment on disease duration, RF/anti‐CCP positivity, corticosteroids, anti‐TNF use, and baseline Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28). After the sixth month, the decrease in DAS28 score was less marked in the population age >75 years than in the group age <50 years.ConclusionThe efficacy and safety of RTX is affected by age.
Simple and robust adaptive control
Authors: Barkana Itzhak , Fradkov Alexander L. 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARYMost papers of this special issue are extended and revised versions of the papers from the invited sessions dedicated to ‘simple and robust adaptive control’ from the 17th IFAC World Congress (IFAC 2011) and 11th IFAC Workshop on Adaptation and Learning in Control and Signal Processing (ALCOSP 2013). They provide sufficient coverage both for the rigorous mathematical explanation and treatment of the theoretical problems related to stability and performance and the detailed presentation of the specific realistically large application. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Salt, Shake, Fuse—Giant Hybrid Polymer/Lipid Vesicles through Mechanically Activated Fusion
Authors: Henderson Ian M. , Paxton Walter F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractLarge (200 nm) poly(ethylene oxide)‐b‐poly(butadiene) polymer vesicles fuse into giant (>1 μm) vesicles with mild agitation in dilute aqueous NaCl solutions. This unusual effect is attributed to the salt‐induced contraction of the poly(ethylene oxide) corona, reducing steric resistance between vesicles and, with agitation, increasing the probability of contact between the hydrophobic cores of adjacent membranes. In addition, NaCl and agitation facilitated the creation of giant hybrid vesicles from much smaller homogeneous polymersomes and liposomes. Whereas lipid vesicles do not readily fuse with each other under the same circumstances, they did fuse with polymersomes to produce hybrid polymer/lipid vesicles.
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Direct C(sp2)H/C(sp3)H Oxidative Cross‐Coupling by Chiral Iodine Reagents
Authors: Wu Hua , He Yu‐Ping , Xu Lue , Zhang Dong‐Yang , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAn asymmetric organocatalytic direct CH/CH oxidative coupling reaction of N1,N3‐diphenylmalonamides has been well established by using chiral organoiodine compounds as catalysts, wherein four CH bonds were stereoselectively functionalized to give structurally diverse spirooxindoles with high levels of enantioselectivity. More importantly, the findings indicated that chiral hypervalent organoiodine reagents can serve as alternative catalysts for the creation of enantioselective functionalization of inactive CH bonds.
Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Functionalized Phenols by Aerobic Oxidation of Grignard Reagents
Authors: He Zhi , Jamison Timothy F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPhenols are important compounds in chemical industry. An economical and green approach to phenol preparation by the direct oxidation of aryl Grignard reagents using compressed air in continuous gas‐liquid segmented flow systems is described. The process tolerates a broad range of functional groups, including oxidation‐sensitive functionalities such as alkenes, amines, and thioethers. By integrating a benzyne‐mediated in‐line generation of arylmagnesium intermediates with the aerobic oxidation, a facile three‐step, one‐flow process, capable of preparing 2‐functionalized phenols in a modular fashion, is established.
Selective Amplification of CO Bond Hydrogenation on Pt/TiO2: Catalytic Reaction and Sum‐Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy Studies of Crotonaldehyde Hydrogenation
Authors: Kennedy Griffin , Baker L. Robert , Somorjai Gabor A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde in the presence of supported platinum nanoparticles was used to determine how the interaction between the metal particles and their support can control catalytic performance. Using gas‐phase catalytic reaction studies and in situ sum‐frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG) to study Pt/TiO2 and Pt/SiO2 catalysts, a unique reaction pathway was identified for Pt/TiO2, which selectively produces alcohol products. The catalytic and spectroscopic data obtained for the Pt/SiO2 catalyst shows that SiO2 has no active role in this reaction. SFG spectra obtained for the Pt/TiO2 catalyst indicate the presence of a crotyl‐oxy surface intermediate. By adsorption through the aldehyde oxygen atom to an O‐vacancy site on the TiO2 surface, the CO bond of crotonaldehyde is activated, by charge transfer, for hydrogenation. This intermediate reacts with spillover H provided by the Pt to produce crotyl alcohol.
Hollow Spheres of Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Encased in Graphitic Layers as Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
Authors: Hu Yang , Jensen Jens Oluf , Zhang Wei , Cleemann Lars N. , Xing Wei , Bjerrum Niels J. , Li Qingfeng 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNonprecious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction are the ultimate materials and the foremost subject for low‐temperature fuel cells. A novel type of catalysts prepared by high‐pressure pyrolysis is reported. The catalyst is featured by hollow spherical morphologies consisting of uniform iron carbide (Fe3C) nanoparticles encased by graphitic layers, with little surface nitrogen or metallic functionalities. In acidic media the outer graphitic layers stabilize the carbide nanoparticles without depriving them of their catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). As a result the catalyst is highly active and stable in both acid and alkaline electrolytes. The synthetic approach, the carbide‐based catalyst, the structure of the catalysts, and the proposed mechanism open new avenues for the development of ORR catalysts.
Acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber functionalization for the toughening modification of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Authors: Raiisi‐Nia Mohammad Reza , Aref‐Azar Ahmad , Fasihi Mohammad 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe incorporation of functionalized acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) into recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was introduced as an effective route for modifying the properties of PET and as a new method for PET recycling as well. To achieve modified NBR, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted onto NBR with optimized reactive mixing, in which the highest grafting degree and lowest gel content were generated. PET/NBR blends with and without GMA functionalization were produced by melt mixing, and the mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical thermal properties, and phase morphologies of the systems were determined and compared. We found that low amounts of peroxide initiator (dicumyl peroxide) and high levels of the GMA monomer in the presence of the styrene comonomer led to the maximum grafting degree and suppressed the competing rubber crosslinking and GMA homopolymerization reactions. The blend compatibility with PET determined from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis spectra and scanning electron microscopy images was greatly improved when the NBR‐grafted GMA was used instead of the neat NBR in the blend recipes. As a result, the rubber phase dispersed in the PET matrix more finely, and the impact strength of the blend advanced very significantly. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40483.
Association of Serum C‐Reactive Protein Levels With Lupus Disease Activity in the Absence of Measurable Interferon‐α and a C‐Reactive Protein Gene Variant
Authors: Enocsson Helena , Sjöwall Christopher , Kastbom Alf , Skogh Thomas , Eloranta Maija‐Leena , Rönnblom Lars , Wetterö Jonas 
Published: February 2014

ObjectiveThe type I interferon (IFN) system is important in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We previously demonstrated an inhibitory effect of IFNα on interleukin‐6 (IL‐6)–induced C‐reactive protein (CRP) in vitro, hypothetically explaining the poor correlation between disease activity and CRP levels in SLE. This study was undertaken to investigate disease activity, IL‐6 levels, and CRP levels in relation to a CRP gene polymorphism and IFNα.MethodsSera from 155 SLE patients and 100 controls were analyzed for CRP. Patients were genotyped for a CRP single‐nucleotide polymorphism (rs1205) associated with low CRP levels. Serum IFNα and IL‐6 levels were quantified by immunoassays. Clinical disease activity was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI‐2K).ResultsCRP levels were increased in SLE patients compared to controls, but were not associated with SLEDAI‐2K or IL‐6 levels. However, exclusion of patients carrying at least one rs1205 minor allele revealed an association between disease activity and CRP levels (P = 0.005). We found a strong association between disease activity and CRP levels (P < 0.0005) when patients with measurable IFNα levels as well as the minor allele of rs1205 were excluded from the analysis. Similarly, when patients with elevated IFNα levels and/or the rs1205 polymorphism were excluded, IL‐6 levels were associated with CRP levels.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that the serum IFNα level as well as the CRP genotype affect the CRP response in SLE patients. Lack of correlation between serum levels of CRP and disease activity could therefore be explained by activation of the type I IFN system and polymorphisms in the CRP gene.
Synthesis of glyco‐Fused Bicyclic Compounds; Conformationally Constrained Scaffolds and Useful Polyfunctional Building Blocks
Authors: Cardona Francisco , D'Orazio Giuseppe , Silva Artur M. S. , Nicotra Francesco , La Ferla Barbara 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe synthesized fused bicyclic polyfunctional compounds containing a highly hydroxylated pyran ring starting from commercially available methyl glucopyranoside and adopting a RCM annulation approach. The versatile α,β‐unsaturated ketone group was introduced on the newly formed ring and, as an example of the potential of these polyfunctionalized building blocks, a tetracyclic compound was synthesized through a Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction.
Swallowing, voice, and quality of life after supratracheal laryngectomy: Preliminary long‐term results
Authors: Schindler Antonio , Fantini Marco , Pizzorni Nicole , Crosetti Erika , Mozzanica Francesco , Bertolin Andy , Ottaviani Francesco , Rizzotto Giuseppe , Succo Giovanni 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to report preliminary long‐term outcomes after supratracheal laryngectomy (STL).MethodsTwenty‐two male patients who underwent STL were involved in this study. Swallowing skills, neoglottis motility, and vibrations were videoendoscopically assessed. Aerodynamic measures, spectrogram analysis, aspiration pneumonia, body weight variations, and voice perceptual assessment were performed. Generic, voice‐related, and swallowing‐related quality of life (QOL) were assessed.ResultsAspiration was found in 10, 2, and 5 patients, respectively, for liquids, semisolids, and solids. Neoglottis motility was generally preserved, whereas vibration was impaired. Aerodynamic measures showed a poor performance. Perceptual assessment revealed highly dysphonic voices. In only 8 patients, a harmonic structure was visible in the spectrograms. Aspiration pneumonia occurred in 2 patients. Preoperative weight was maintained in 16 patients. Generic, voice‐related, and swallowing‐related QOL revealed satisfied patients.ConclusionAfter STL, swallowing was sufficiently restored and QOL was satisfactory, whereas the voice was severely impaired even if oral communication was well preserved. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 557–566, 2015
An examination of the structural link between post‐traumatic stress symptoms and chronic pain in the framework of fear‐avoidance models
Authors: López‐Martínez A.E. , Ramírez‐Maestre C. , Esteve R. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe tendency to respond with fear and avoidance can be seen as a shared vulnerability contributing to the development of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain. Although several studies have examined which specific symptoms of PTSD (re‐experiencing, avoidance, emotional numbing and hyperarousal) are associated with chronic pain, none has considered this association within the framework of fear‐avoidance models.MethodsSeven hundred fourteen patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain were assessed. Of these, 149 patients were selected for the study based upon the following inclusion criteria: exposure to a traumatic event before the onset of pain (with scores equal to or higher than 8 points on the fear and hopelessness scales of the Stressful Life Event Screening Questionnaire Revised) and scores equal to or higher than 30 on the Davidson Trauma Scale.ResultsStructural equation modelling was used to test the association between PTSD symptoms and pain outcomes (pain intensity and disability) using the mediating variables considered in the fear‐avoidance models. The results show that emotional numbing and hyperarousal symptoms, but neither re‐experiencing nor avoidance, affected pain outcome via anxiety sensitivity (AS), catastrophizing and fear of pain. PTSD symptoms increased the levels of AS, which predisposes to catastrophizing and, in turn, had an effect on the tendency of pain patients to respond with more fear and avoidance.ConclusionsThis study provides empirical support for the potential role of PTSD symptoms in fear‐avoidance models of chronic pain and suggests that AS is a relevant variable in the relationship between both disorders.