bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is energy pooling necessary in ultraviolet matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization?
Authors: Lin Hou‐Yu , Song Botao , Lu I‐Chung , Hsu Kuo‐Tung , Liao Chih‐Yu , Lee Yin‐Yu , Tseng Chien‐Ming , Lee Yuan‐Tseh , Ni Chi‐Kung 
Published: November 2013

RATIONALEEnergy pooling has been suggested as the key process for generating the primary ions during ultraviolet matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (UV‐MALDI). In previous studies, decreases in fluorescence quantum yields as laser fluence increased for 2‐aminobenzoic acid, 2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5‐DHB), and 3‐hydroxypicolinic acid were used as evidence of energy pooling. This work extends the research to other matrices and addresses whether energy pooling is a universal property in UV‐MALDI.METHODSEnergy pooling was investigated in a time‐resolved fluorescence experiment by using a short laser pulse (355 nm, 20 ps pulse width) for excitation and a streak camera (1 ps time resolution) for fluorescence detection.RESULTSThe excited‐state lifetime of 2,5‐DHB decreased with increases in laser fluence. This suggests that a reaction occurs between two excited molecules, and that energy pooling may be one of the possible reactions. However, the excited‐state lifetime of 2,4,6‐trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) did not change with increases in laser fluence. The upper limit of the energy pooling rate constant for THAP is estimated to be approximately 100–500 times smaller than that of 2,5‐DHB.CONCLUSIONSThe small energy pooling rate constant for THAP indicates that the potential contribution of the energy pooling mechanism to the generation of THAP matrix primary ions should be reconsidered. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Occupancy Patterns of Mammals and Lentic Amphibians in the Elwha River Riparian Zone Before Dam Removal
Authors: Jenkins K. J. , Chelgren N. D. , Sager‐Fradkin K. A. , Happe P. J. , Adams M. J. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe downstream transport of sediments and organics and upstream migration of anadromous fishes are key ecological processes in unregulated riverine ecosystems of the North Pacific coast, but their influence on wildlife habitats and populations is poorly documented. Removal of two large hydroelectric dams in Washington's Elwha Valley provides an unprecedented opportunity to study long‐term responses of wildlife populations to dam removal and restoration of these key ecological processes. We compared pre‐dam removal patterns in the relative abundance and occupancy of mesocarnivores, small mammals and lentic amphibians of the Elwha River riparian zone above, between and below the dams. Occupancy of riparian habitats by three mesocarnivore species diminished upriver but did not appear to be closely linked with the absence of salmon in the upper river. Although the importance of salmon in the lower river cannot be discounted, other gradients in food resources also likely contributed to observed distribution patterns of mesocarnivores. Abundance and occupancy patterns within congeneric pairs of new world mice (Peromyscus spp.) and shrews (Sorex spp.) indicated that closely related species were negatively associated with each other and responded to habitat gradients in the riparian zone. The availability of lentic habitats of amphibians was highly variable, and occupancy was low as a result of rapidly changing flows during the larval development period. We speculate that long‐term changes in habitat conditions and salmon availability following dam removal will elicit long‐term changes in distribution of mesocarnivores, small mammals and amphibians. Long‐term monitoring will enhance understanding of the role of fish and restored ecosystem processes on wildlife communities along salmon‐bearing rivers in the region. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality Control—An Approach Applying Multivariate Control Charts during the Operation of Systems Involving Human Processes
Authors: Mihalcin Matthew J. , Mazzuchi Thomas A. , Sarkani Shahram , Dever Jason R. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTQuality assurance during the operation of a system is critical for maintaining performance within desired specifications. Without proper monitoring and control, a system is capable of erratic behavior resulting in degraded performance, unplanned downtime for maintenance, or system failure. Statistical analysis has proven useful when appropriately applied for quality control activities, as is evidenced within the manufacturing industry. The collection of statistical techniques commonly applied to evaluate the performance of systems and/or processes is known as statistical process control. This paper presents an approach concerning the statistical process control technique of control charting, demonstrating its applicability to controlling and monitoring operational systems involving human processes with multiple quality characteristics. Typical control chart application assumes a normal distribution for analyzed data and sufficient data points necessary to collect an appropriately sized sample. The novelty of the proposed approach is in the intent of monitoring the overall operation of a process, focusing on initial inputs and final outputs, while utilizing 100% of process‐generated data from systems where the operational pace does not lend to the collection of large amounts of data points. In this paper, the applicability of the proposed approach is demonstrated on a corporate information technology help desk. An approach designed for systems within the scope of this paper would be beneficial to multiple industries and organizations for evaluation of systems consisting of human‐involved processes.
Investigation of false triggering mechanism
Authors: Umegami Hirokatsu , Nishigaki Akihiro , Hattori Fumiya , Yamamoto Masayoshi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis paper discusses a problem that a half‐bridge circuit can generate, namely a false trigger by high‐speed switching transition. In general, a false trigger occurs by charging a gate–source capacitance because of high‐speed voltage transition and influx of current via a reverse transfer capacitance. Therefore, it is thought that the ratio of the input capacitance and the reverse transfer capacitance is important to check whether a false trigger occurs. However, we find another reason and propose a novel assumption. A novel false triggering mechanism appears by considering the source‐side parasitic inductance. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Predictive value of hemoperitoneum for outcome of methotrexate treatment in ectopic pregnancy: an observational comparative study
Authors: Gnisci A. , Stefani L. , Bottin P. , Ohannessian A. , Gamerre M. , Agostini A. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the predictive value of hemoperitoneum for the outcome of methotrexate (MTX) treatment of ectopic pregnancy (EP).MethodsThis observational prospective single‐center study included women presenting with EP treated with MTX from November 2007 to November 2009. The percentage of women with hemoperitoneum at the beginning of MTX treatment was compared between two groups: those whose treatment was successful and those whose treatment failed. The rate of hemoperitoneum in each group and its value in predicting the outcome of MTX treatment of EP were assessed.ResultsMTX treatment was successful in 69 of 93 (74%) cases. The percentage of women with hemoperitoneum at the beginning of treatment was significantly higher in women in whom MTX treatment failed as compared to those in whom it was successful (15/24 (62.5%) vs 17/69 (24.6%); P = 0.001). The likelihood of requiring surgery following treatment with MTX was higher in women with hemoperitoneum (odds ratio, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.74–15.14). Study of the diagnostic performance of hemoperitoneum in predicting the need for surgical treatment after MTX treatment revealed a sensitivity of 0.63, a specificity of 0.76, a positive predictive value of 0.47 and a negative predictive value of 0.85.ConclusionsThe presence of hemoperitoneum appears to be a risk factor for MTX treatment failure. It is important to inform women as fully as possible about the risk of such failure. Nonetheless, the predictive value of this sign is insufficient for either routinely excluding women with hemoperitoneum from MTX treatment or omitting post‐treatment monitoring. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Three‐Dimensional Porous NbO‐Type Anionic Framework: Synthesis, Structure, Magnetic and Adsorption Properties
Authors: Bai Zheng‐Shuai , Ni Pei‐Zhong , Zheng Hui‐Dong , Zhao Su‐Ying 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAbstract. Three‐dimensional porous framework {[Ni3(BPTCA)2(H2O)2][Ni(H2O)6]·10H2O}n (1) was synthesized by using the 4, 4′‐bipyridine‐2, 2′6, 6′‐tetracarboxylic acid anion (BPTCA–4) as building block under hydrothermal conditions. The structural analysis revealed this complex has a NbO topology. Unexpectedly, 1 has an anionic framework with 10.9 × 8.7 Å rectangle channels, and the cationic [Ni(H2O)6]2+ species serve as guest. In addition, thermogravimetric analyses proved 1 can keep its crystalline nature even at 300 °C. The nitrogen adsorption and magnetic properties of 1 were also investigated.
Fatal Surgical or Procedure‐Related Complications: A Finnish Registry‐Based Study
Authors: Hakala Tapio , Vironen Jaana , Karlsson Sari , Pajarinen Jarkko , Hirvensalo Eero , Paajanen Hannu 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIntroductionIn Finland, all healthcare personnel must be insured against causing patient injury. The Patient Insurance Centre (PIC) pays compensation in all cases of malpractice and in some cases of infection or other surgical complications. This study aimed to analyze all complaints relating to fatal surgical or other procedure‐related errors in Finland during 2006–2010.Materials and methodsIn total, 126 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Details of patient care and decisions made by the PIC were reviewed, and the total national number of surgical procedures for the study period was obtained from the National Hospital Discharge Registry.ResultsOf the 94 patients who underwent surgery, most fatal surgical complications involved orthopedic or gastrointestinal surgery. Non‐surgical procedures with fatal complications included deliveries (N = 10), upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or nasogastric tube insertion (N = 8), suprapubic catheter insertion (N = 4), lower intestinal endoscopy (N = 5), coronary angiogram (N = 1), pacemaker fitting (N = 1), percutaneous drainage of a hepatic abscess (N = 1), and chest tube insertion (N = 2). In 42 (33.3 %) cases, patient injury resulted from errors made during the procedure, including 24 technical errors and 15 errors of judgment. There were 19 (15.2 %) cases of inappropriate pre‐operative assessment, 28 (22.4 %) errors made in postoperative follow‐up, 23 (18.4 %) cases of fatal infection, and 11 (8.8 %) fatal complications not linked to treatment errors.ConclusionFatal surgical and procedure‐related complications are rare in Finland. Complications are usually the result of errors of judgment, technical errors, and infections.
Triggers and patterns of integration initiatives in successful buyer–supplier relationships
Authors: Vanpoucke Evelyne , Vereecke Ann , Boyer Kenneth K. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWhile previous studies have focused on the benefits, risks and outcomes of buy–sell relationships, little is known about the dynamics of these relationships. Our study takes an initial step in this direction by examining how firms develop successful relationships. We review the literature and analyze multiple buyer–supplier relationships to explore developments over time, identify triggers for change, and identify effective management practices for long‐term inter‐organizational relationships. We employ retrospective data to compare six long‐standing buyer–supplier relationships. Our data suggest a recurring pattern of integration initiatives in the evolution towards a successful buy–sell relationship. Specifically, our field data indicate that this pattern starts with initiatives for logistics responsiveness, followed by knowledge exchange initiatives and finally initiatives to increase the use of common resources. Each of these initiatives are triggered by specific opportunities and are emergent in nature. By examining the triggers in the development and maintenance of buy–sell relationships, our study adds to the integration of existing life‐cycle frameworks, which increases our understanding of a life‐cycle theory for inter‐organizational relationships.
pERK 1/2 inhibit Caspase‐8 induced apoptosis in cancer cells by phosphorylating it in a cell cycle specific manner
Authors: Mandal Ranadip , Raab Monika , Matthess Yves , Becker Sven , Knecht Rainald , Strebhardt Klaus 
Published: November 2013

ERK 1/2 are found to be hyperactive in many cancers. Active ERK 1/2 (pERK 1/2) are known to protect cancer cells from undergoing death receptor‐mediated apoptosis, although the mechanism(s) behind this is poorly understood. Through in vitro kinase assays and mass‐spectrometry we demonstrate that pERK 1/2 can phosphorylate pro‐Caspase‐8 at S387. Also, in EGFR‐overexpressing Type I and II ovarian and breast cancer cell lines respectively, ERK 1/2 remain active only during the interphase. During this period, pERK 1/2 could inhibit Trail‐induced apoptosis, most effectively during the G1/S phase. By knocking‐down the endogenous pro‐Caspase‐8 using RNAi and replacing it with its non‐phosphorylatable counterpart (S387A), a significant increase in Caspase‐8 activity upon Trail stimulation was observed, even in the presence of pERK 1/2. Taken together, we propose that a combination of Trail and an inhibitor of ERK 1/2 activities could potentially enhance of Trail's effectiveness as an anti‐cancer agent in ERK 1/2 hyperactive cancer cells.
Use of Ultrasonography to Locate Laryngeal Structures for Laryngeal Electromyography
Authors: Seo Han Gil , Jang Hye Jin , Oh Byung‐Mo , Kim Won , Han Tai Ryoon 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveTo measure the representative anatomic landmarks for laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) and to delineate an accurate ultrasonography‐guided approach.DesignA retrospective study.SettingA university hospital.ParticipantsA total of 518 patients (270 men and 248 women) who underwent LEMG.MethodsThe medical records, LEMG records, and ultrasonographic measurements of the patients who underwent LEMG in our electromyography laboratory between March 2010 and January 2013 were reviewed.Main Outcome MeasurementThe longest dimension of the cricothyroid membrane, the height of the arch of the cricoid cartilage, and the distance from the superior border of the cricoid cartilage to the midpoint of the vocal fold were measured by using ultrasonography.ResultsA total of 585 studies in 518 patients with a standard deviation (SD) mean age of 56.01 ± 14.36 years (men, 59.28 ± 14.09 years; women, 52.45 ± 13.81 years) were reviewed. The most common etiology was surgery (44.6%), and the left side (56%) of the vocal folds was more frequently involved than the right side (23.4%) or both sides (9.4%). The longest dimension of the cricothyroid membrane, height of the arch of the cricoid cartilage, and distance from the superior border of the cricoid cartilage to the midpoint of the vocal fold measured 1.06 ± 0.33 cm (men, 1.16 ± 0.34 cm; women, 0.97 ± 0.29 cm), 0.83 ± 0.24 cm (men, 0.88 ± 0.24 cm; women, 0.77 ± 23 cm), and 1.88 ± 0.48 cm (men, 2.09 ± 0.51 cm; women, 1.70 ± 0.36 cm), respectively. All measurements differed significantly between the men and women (P < .001 by Student t test).ConclusionsThe current study provides reference ranges for ultrasonographic measurements of important anatomic landmarks for LEMG. This study also provides a technique for using ultrasonography in LEMG. Ultrasonography may be used as an adjuvant to overcome certain technical pitfalls of LEMG.
Garnet-pyroxene and lawsonite-bearing rocks of the Maksyutov Complex (Southern Urals)
Authors: Valizer P.M. , Rusin A.I. , Krasnobaev A.A. , Likhanov I.I. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The new petrological and geochrological data are used to constrain the nature of garnet-clinopyroxene and lawsonite-bearing rocks, which contain a rare variety of Fe-Ca-rich garnets. These rocks associated with antigorite serpentinites have no equivalents in the other units of the Maksyutov eclogite-glaucophane schist complex and, thus, can be regarded as a separate “mafic-ultramafic” unit. Based on their mineral and chemical composition, the garnet-clinopyroxene and lawsonite-bearing rocks can be interpreted as HP associations formed within a deep continental rifting setting. They experienced a series of metasomatic alterations during decompression exhumation and were accreted to the Maksyutov Complex as a result of the arc-continent collision. The U–Pb zircon data indicate that a Late Riphean–Lower Paleozoic age (824 and 440–470 Ma) was a crystallization age of garnet-clinopyroxene rocks and Ar–Ar white mica age (341 ± 2 Ma) represents the timing of the final accretion of all structural unit to the Maksyutov Complex.
Numerical modeling and inversion of electromagnetic logs in the wells drilled with biopolymer and oil-based mud
Authors: Glinskikh V.N. , Nikitenko M.N. , Epov M.I. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlgorithms and software for numerical modeling and inversion of electromagnetic logs in the wells drilled with biopolymer and oil-based mud are developed. The algorithms are based on linearized solutions of the forward and inverse problems of electromagnetic logging and permit fast modeling of induction logs and efficient recovery of electric conductivity around the well. Mathematical modeling is based on numerical-analytical solution of the 2D forward problem taking into account high conductivity contrast between the well and the formation. Linear inversion is based on SVD-decomposition of information matrix. The results of numerical modeling and inversion of synthetic and field logs at the intervals of fluid-saturated terrigenous and carbonate formations drilled using biopolymer and oil-based mud are given.
Reliability and responsiveness of the Norwegian version of the Neck Disability Index
Authors: Johansen Jan Borre , Roe Cecilie , Bakke Eva , Mengshoel Anne Marit , Andelic Nada 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background and aim
The Norwegian version of the Neck Disability Index (NDI) has been widely used in previous studies. To our knowledge, the test–retest reliability and responsiveness of the NDI have not been investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the test–retest reliability and responsiveness of the Norwegian version of the NDI in neck pain patients seen in a specialized outpatient clinic.

Methods
This study included patients referred to the neck and back outpatient clinic at Oslo University Hospital. A total of 255 patients were included in the study, of which 42 participated in the test–retest portion of the study. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess test-retest reliability. A total of 113 patients participated in the responsiveness analyses. Based on their responses on the Global Rating Scale of Change (GRS), patients were categorized into the following groups: worsened (n = 24), unchanged (n = 7) and improved (n = 62). The minimal detectable change (MDC) for the NDI was calculated. Responsiveness was assessed by constructing a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC curve) to distinguish patients who had improved or worsened from those who remained unchanged. The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) was estimated.

Results
The test–retest reliability between the baseline scores and the retest NDI scores was very good (ICC = 0.84; 95% CI 0.72–0.91). The ability of the NDI to discriminate between improved and unchanged patients (responsiveness) over time was acceptable based on the ROC curve analysis (AUC = 0.70; 95% CI 0.58–0.82). The estimated MDC for the Norwegian version of the NDI is 12.3%, and the MCID is 16.6%.

Conclusion
The Norwegian version of the NDI proved to be an instrument with good test–retest reliability and acceptable responsiveness for assessing neck pain-related disability among neck pain patients in a specialized outpatient clinic
10Be exposure dating of river terraces at the southern mountain front of the Dzungarian Alatau (SE Kazakhstan) reveals rate of thrust faulting over the past ~ 400 ka
Authors: Cording Anja , Hetzel Ralf , Kober Martin , Kley Jonas 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe mountain belts of the Dzungarian Alatau (SE Kazakhstan) and the Tien Shan are part of the actively deforming India–Asia collision zone but how the strain is partitioned on individual faults remains poorly known. Here we use terrace mapping, topographic profiling, and 10Be exposure dating to constrain the slip rate of the 160-km-long Usek thrust fault, which defines the southern front of the Dzungarian Alatau. In the eastern part of the fault, where the Usek River has formed five terraces (T1–T5), the Usek thrust fault has vertically displaced terrace T4 by 132 ± 10 m. At two sites on T4, exposure dating of boulders, amalgamated quartz pebbles, and sand from a depth profile yielded 10Be ages of 366 ± 60 ka and 360 + 77/− 48 ka (both calculated for an erosion rate of 0.5 mm/ka). Combined with the vertical offset and a 45–70° dip of the Usek fault, these age constraints result in vertical and horizontal slip rates of ~ 0.4 and ~ 0.25 mm/a, respectively. These rates are below the current resolution of GPS measurements and highlight the importance of determining slip rates for individual faults by dating deformed landforms to resolve the pattern of strain distribution across intracontinental mountain belts.
ON THE EXISTENCE OF CHAOTIC BEHAVIOUR IN PURE AND SIMPLE MICROBIAL COMPETITION: THE ROLE OF CONTOIS KINETICS
Authors: ASIF MOHAMMAD , ALI EMAD , AJBAR ABDELHAMID 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMicrobial competition for nutrients is a common phenomenon that occurs between species inhabiting the same environment. Bioreactors are often used for the study of microbial competition since the number and type of microbial species can be controlled, and the system can be isolated from other interactions that may occur between the competing species. A common type of competition is the so-called “pure and simple” competition, where the microbial populations interact in no other way except the competition for a single rate-limiting nutrient that affects their growth rates. The issue of whether pure and simple competition under time-invariant conditions can give rise to chaotic behaviour has been unresolved for decades. The third author recently showed, for the first time, that chaos can theoretically occur in these systems by analysing the dynamics of a model where both competing species grow following the biomass-dependent Contois model while the yield coefficients associated with the two species are substrate-dependent. In this paper we show that chaotic behaviour can occur in a much simpler model of pure and simple competition. We examine the case where only one species grows following the Contois model with variable yield coefficient while the other species is allowed to grow following the simple Monod model with constant yield. We show that while the static behaviour of the proposed model is quite simple, the dynamic behaviour is complex and involves period doubling culminating in chaos. The proposed model could serve as a basis to re-examine the importance of Contois kinetics in predicting complex behaviour in microbial competition.