bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Allylborations of Aldehydes Using α,α‐Disubstituted Allylic Pinacol Boronic Esters.
Authors: Hesse Matthew J. , Essafi Stephanie , Watson Charlotte G. , Harvey Jeremy N. , Hirst David , Willis Christine L. , Aggarwal Varinder K. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTetrasubstituted homoallylic alcohols with exceptional levels of diastereo‐and enantioselectivity are synthesized through allylboration of aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Designed Amide as an Aldol Donor in the Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Weidner Karin , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe azaindolylamido group is found to trigger exclusive formation of the amide enolate in the presence of enolizable aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light‐Mediated C—H Difluoromethylation of Electron‐Rich Heteroarenes.
Authors: Su Yi‐Ming , Hou Yu , Yin Feng , Xu Yue‐Ming , Li Yan , Zheng Xiaoqi , Wang Xi‐Sheng 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA method for the photolytic Ru‐catalyzed difluoro(phenylsulfonyl)methylation of a variety of heterocycles using difluoro(phenylsulfonyl)methyl iodide as reagent is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Trifluoromethylthiolation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids in Aqueous Emulsion.
Authors: Hu Feng , Shao Xinxin , Zhu Dianhu , Lu Long , Shen Qilong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe decarboxylative trifluoromethylthiolation of secondary and tertiary carboxylic acids tolerates a wide range of functional groups and is accelerated by performance in an aqueous emulsion.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclopropanated 7‐Oxabenzonorbornadienes.
Authors: McKee Mary , Haner Jamie , Carlson Emily , Tam William 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBoth symmetrical and unsymmetrical 7‐oxabenzonorbornadienes are cyclopropanated using gaseous diazomethane in the presence of a Pd catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Beyond Directed ortho Metalation: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Amide‐Directed CAr—N Activation/C—C Coupling Reaction of Anthranilamides with Organoboronates.
Authors: Zhao Yigang , Snieckus Victor 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSubstitution of the 2‐dimethylamino group in (I) by a 2‐diethylamino or a 2‐amino group leads to the corresponding analogues of (III) in significantly lower yield or no reaction, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Organocatalysis and Photocatalysis: An Anthraquinone‐Catalyzed Indole‐C3‐Alkylation/Photooxidation/1,2‐Shift Sequence.
Authors: Lerch Stephanie , Unkel Lisa‐Natascha , Brasholz Malte 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA dichloroanthraquinone‐catalyzed, thermal C3‐alkylation of indoles is developed which can be combined with a photooxidation/1,2‐shift sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Synergistic Catalysis: Highly Diastereoselective Benzoxazole Addition to Morita—Baylis—Hillman Carbonates.
Authors: Ceban Victor , Putaj Piotr , Meazza Marta , Pitak Mateusz B. , Coles Simon J. , Vesely Jan , Rios Ramon 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA new reaction based on synergistic catalysis, in which two catalytic cycles involving organometallic activation of an alkyl azaarene by AgOAc and Lewis base (DABCO) activation of a Morita—Baylis—Hillman carbonates, is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Promoted One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Aryl Substituted 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles and 1,2,4‐Oxadiazole Derivatives Using Al3+‐K10 Clay as a Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Suresh Dhanusu , Kanagaraj Kuppusamy , Pitchumani Kasi 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe catalyst can be recycled and used at least 5 times with only a slight decrease in yield.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Heterocyclic Fusion Reaction and Its Application for Expeditious Syntheses of Rutaecarpine and Its Analogues.
Authors: Huang Guozheng , Roos Dominika , Stadtmueller Patricia , Decker Michael 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRutaecarpine (IIIa) and various analogs are prepared from anhydrides (I) and (VI) with cyclic imines via a simple heterocyclic fusion reaction which involves a spontaneous dehydrogenation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Functionalization of 3‐Azolylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Geraschenko Oleksandr V. , Khodakovskiy Pavel V. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Tolmachev Andrey A. , Mykhailiuk Pavel K. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe formation of compound (IX) as a single isomer starting from an 1:1 cis/trans‐mixture of diamine (VIII) is explained by epimerization during formation of the intermediate Schiff base.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Microbial Activity of Acrylamides with Heteroatoms.
Authors: Kooner Anoopjit Singh , Sharma S. , Sharma Poonam 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe title compounds (V), (VII), (VIII)/(IX), (X), and (XI) are screened for their microbial activity against Rhizobium sp.
ChemInform Abstract: Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquid—DMSO Promoted and Improved One‐Pot Synthesis of 5,6‐Diaryl‐1,2,4‐triazines.
Authors: Tamboli Riyaj S. , Giridhar Rajani , Mande Hemant M. , Shah Shailesh R. , Yadav Mange Ram 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOptimum reaction conditions are studied for the synthesis of title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Inversion of γ‐Vinyl‐γ‐butyrolactone under Palladium Catalysis: Application to the Synthesis of (+)‐exo‐ and (+)‐endo‐Brevicomins.
Authors: Fernandes Rodney A. , Kattanguru Pullaiah , Bethi Venkati 
Published: November 2014

Abstract(+)‐endo‐Brevicomin (V) is prepared in 27.4% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Phosphinylation of α,α‐Diaryl Allylic Alcohols with Concomitant 1,2‐Aryl Migration.
Authors: Chu Xue‐Qiang , Zi You , Meng Hua , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe monoaryl allylalcohol 2‐phenyl‐but‐3‐en‐2‐ol is almost inert under the reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Method for Desymmetrizing 1,1′‐Ferrocenedicarboxaldehyde.
Authors: Benniston Andrew C. , Sirbu Dumitru , Turta Constantin , Probert Michael R. , Clegg William 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe dialdehyde (I) can be easily converted into the desymmetrized compound (II) by simple oxidation with KMnO4.
ChemInform Abstract: Increased Eu2+ Content and Codoping Mn2+ Induced Tunable Full‐Color Emitting Phosphor Ba1.55Ca0.45SiO4:Eu2+,Mn 2+.
Authors: Miao Shihai , Xia Zhiguo , Zhang Jie , Liu Quanlin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe new single‐phase white‐light emitting phosphor of title is prepared by solid state reaction of BaCO3, CaCO3, SiO2, MnCO3, and Eu2O3 (CO atmosphere, 1250 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Chromophores, Fluorophores and Robust Ancillary Ligands for Molecular Catalysts: 1,3‐Bis(2‐pyridylimino)isoindolines
Authors: Sauer Desiree C. , Melen Rebecca L. , Kruck Matthias , Gade Lutz H. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractReview: [recent progress towards chiral 3‐bis(2‐pyridylimino)isoindolines derivatives (BPI) as ligands for enantioselective catalysis as well as developments in the use of BPI complexes in materials science, focusing on luminescent and birefringent materials; 55 refs.
Clinical and prognostic factors for renal parenchymal, pelvis, and ureter cancers in SEER registries: Collaborative stage data collection system, version 2
Authors: Altekruse Sean F. , Dickie Lois , Wu Xiao‐Cheng , Hsieh Mei‐Chin , Wu Manxia , Lee Richard , Delacroix, Scott 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUNDThe American Joint Committee on Cancer's (AJCC) 7th edition cancer staging manual reflects recent changes in cancer care practices. This report assesses changes from the AJCC 6th to the AJCC 7th edition stage distributions and the quality of site‐specific factors (SSFs).METHODSIncidence data for renal parenchyma and pelvis and ureter cancers from 18 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries were examined, including staging trends during 2004‐2010, stage distribution changes between the AJCC 6th and 7th editions, and SSF completeness for cases diagnosed in 2010.RESULTSFrom 2004 to 2010, the percentage of stage I renal parenchyma cancers increased from 50% to 58%, whereas stage IV and unknown stage cases decreased (18% to 15%, and 10% to 6%, respectively). During this period, the percentage of stage 0a renal pelvis and ureter cancers increased from 21% to 25%, and stage IV and unknown stage tumors decreased (20% to 18%, and 7% to 5%, respectively). Stage distributions under the AJCC 6th and 7th editions were about the same. For renal parenchymal cancers, 71%‐90% of cases had known values for 6 required SSFs. For renal pelvis and ureter cancers, 74% of cases were coded as known for SSF1 (WHO/ISUP grade) and 47% as known for SSF2 (depth of renal parenchymal invasion). SSF values were known for larger proportions of cases with reported resections.CONCLUSIONSStage distributions between the AJCC 6th and 7th editions were similar. SSFs were known for more than two‐thirds of cases, providing more detail in the SEER database relevant to prognosis. Cancer 2014;120(23 suppl):3826‐35. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
DNA barcoding reveals novel insights into pterygophagy and prey selection in distichodontid fishes (Characiformes: Distichodontidae)
Authors: Arroyave Jairo , Stiassny Melanie L. J. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractDNA barcoding was used to investigate dietary habits and prey selection in members of the African‐endemic family Distichodontidae noteworthy for displaying highly specialized ectoparasitic fin‐eating behaviors (pterygophagy). Fin fragments recovered from the stomachs of representatives of three putatively pterygophagous distichodontid genera (Phago, Eugnathichthys, and Ichthyborus) were sequenced for the mitochondrial gene co1. DNA barcodes (co1 sequences) were then used to identify prey items in order to determine whether pterygophagous distichodontids are opportunistic generalists or strict specialists with regard to prey selection and, whether as previously proposed, aggressive mimicry is used as a strategy for successful pterygophagy. Our findings do not support the hypothesis of aggressive mimicry suggesting instead that, despite the possession of highly specialized trophic anatomies, fin‐eating distichodontids are opportunistic generalists, preying on fishes from a wide phylogenetic spectrum and to the extent of engaging in cannibalism. This study demonstrates how DNA barcoding can be used to shed light on evolutionary and ecological aspects of highly specialized ectoparasitic fin‐eating behaviors by enabling the identification of prey species from small pieces of fins found in fish stomachs.
Potential seasonal calibration for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction using skeletal microstructures and strontium measurements from the cold‐water coral Lophelia pertusa
Authors: MOUCHI VINCENT , CROWLEY QUENTIN G. , JACKSON ANDREW L. , MCDERMOTT FRANK , MONTEYS XAVIER , RAFÉLIS MARC DE , RUEDA JOSÉ LUIS , LARTAUD FRANCK 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTLophelia pertusa is a colonial cold‐water coral species with a wide spatial distribution in recent marine waters. Analysing the chemistry of its skeleton allows reconstruction of environmental parameter variations. While numerous studies have attempted to interpret such analyses, little information is available on the microstructures of Lophelia pertusa and their temporal constraints. This study introduces newly recognized microstructures in the coral wall following growth along the radial axis. The thicknesses of these ‘micro‐layers’ are correlated with strontium concentrations and can be used to estimate seasonal growth rates of single polyps from the colony. We propose that each of these micro‐layers represents a period of 1 month of mineralization and can locate two decreasing periods in growth rate during a year: one caused by limited food availability during winter months and one in autumn linked to gametogenesis. High‐frequency study of strontium concentrations using this interpretation shows a lunar cycle. We demonstrate that while the micro‐layers are present in all L. pertusa specimens from four locations in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, growth patterns reveal a complex organization that limits their visibility. Strontium fluctuations, however, appear to be a promising mechanism by which to establish a temporal calibration.
Growing Fat on Reform: Obesity and Nutritional Disparities among China's Children, 1979–2005
Authors: Morgan Stephen L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractEconomic growth over the past three decades has greatly improved the nutrition and living standards of people in China. However, increasingly, the Chinese are becoming heavier. As many as a quarter of Chinese school-age urban boys are overweight or obese, yet a third of Chinese children remain underweight. Drawing on six national surveys of children's health conducted since 1979, the article reports on trends in nutritional status and regional disparities. It shows that the drivers behind the increase in mean body mass and in nutritional inequality are associated with rising household incomes and associated inequalities between provinces.
Influences on the diet quality of pre-school children: importance of maternal psychological characteristics
Authors: Jarman Megan , Inskip Hazel M , Ntani Georgia , Cooper Cyrus , Baird Janis , Robinson Sian M , Barker Mary E 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that maternal psychological profiles relate to children’s quality of diet.DesignCross-sectional study. Mothers provided information on their health-related psychological factors and aspects of their child’s mealtime environment. Children’s diet quality was assessed using an FFQ from which weekly intakes of foods and a diet Z-score were calculated. A high score described children with a better quality diet. Cluster analysis was performed to assess grouping of mothers based on psychological factors. Mealtime characteristics, describing how often children ate while sitting at a table or in front of the television, their frequency of takeaway food consumption, maternal covert control and food security, and children’s quality of diet were examined, according to mothers’ cluster membership.SubjectsMother–child pairs (n 324) in the Southampton Initiative for Health. Children were aged 2–5 years.SettingHampshire, UK.ResultsTwo main clusters were identified. Mothers in cluster 1 had significantly higher scores for all psychological factors than mothers in cluster 2 (all P<0·001). Clusters were termed ‘more resilient’ and ‘less resilient’, respectively. Children of mothers in the less resilient cluster ate meals sitting at a table less often (P=0·03) and watched more television (P=0·01). These children had significantly poorer-quality diets (β=−0·61, 95 % CI −0·82, −0·40, P≤0·001). This association was attenuated, but remained significant after controlling for confounding factors that included maternal education and home/mealtime characteristics (P=0·006).ConclusionsThe study suggests that mothers should be offered psychological support as part of interventions to improve children’s quality of diet.
Will antimicrobial resistance of BRD pathogens impact BRD management in the future?
Authors: Brumbaugh Gordon W. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractResistance is a qualitative interpretation of antimicrobial activity in vitro. Critical to management of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the clinical response in vivo. Attempts to connect activity in vitro to response in vivo have been complicated by the complexity of BRD, interpretation of antimicrobial activity in vitro, and inconsistent measures of clinical success or failure. During recent history, the discovery, development, and commercialization of antimicrobials have decreased. In response to resistance, voluntary and imposed restrictions on use of antimicrobials have been implemented. Resistance can be reversed using technology and knowledge of mechanisms of resistance. Perhaps approaches that reverse resistance will be used in clinical management of BRD in the future. The short answer to the question posed in the title is, ‘yes.’ Since antimicrobial drugs were discovered, resistance has been a consideration for selection of treatment of any infectious disease and BRD is not unique. In the opinion of the author, the more important question is, ‘How will antimicrobial resistance of BRD pathogens impact BRD management in the future?’
The K526R substitution in viral protein PB2 enhances the effects of E627K on influenza virus replication
Authors: Song Wenjun , Wang Pui , Mok Bobo Wing-Yee , Lau Siu-Ying , Huang Xiaofeng , Wu Wai-Lan , Zheng Min , Wen Xi , Yang Shigui , Chen Yu , Li Lanjuan , Yuen Kwok-Yung , Chen Honglin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHost-adaptive strategies, such as the E627K substitution in the PB2 protein, are critical for replication of avian influenza A viruses in mammalian hosts. Here we show that mutation PB2-K526R is present in some human H7N9 influenza isolates, in nearly 80% of H5N1 human isolates from Indonesia and, in conjunction with E627K, in almost all seasonal H3N2 viruses since 1970. Polymerase complexes containing PB2-526R derived from H7N9, H5N1 or H3N2 viruses exhibit increased polymerase activity. PB2-526R also enhances viral transcription and replication in cells. In comparison with viruses carrying 627K, H7N9 viruses carrying both 526R and 627K replicate more efficiently in mammalian (but not avian) cells and in mouse lung tissues, and cause greater body weight loss and mortality in infected mice. PB2-K526R interacts with nuclear export protein and our results suggest that it contributes to enhance replication for certain influenza virus subtypes, particularly in combination with 627K.
Serotonin receptor 3A controls interneuron migration into the neocortex
Authors: Murthy Sahana , Niquille Mathieu , Hurni Nicolas , Limoni Greta , Frazer Sarah , Chameau Pascal , van Hooft Johannes A. , Vitalis Tania , Dayer Alexandre 
Published: November 2014

AbstractNeuronal excitability has been shown to control the migration and cortical integration of reelin-expressing cortical interneurons (INs) arising from the caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE), supporting the possibility that neurotransmitters could regulate this process. Here we show that the ionotropic serotonin receptor 3A (5-HT3AR) is specifically expressed in CGE-derived migrating interneurons and upregulated while they invade the developing cortex. Functional investigations using calcium imaging, electrophysiological recordings and migration assays indicate that CGE-derived INs increase their response to 5-HT3AR activation during the late phase of cortical plate invasion. Using genetic loss-of-function approaches and in vivo grafts, we further demonstrate that the 5-HT3AR is cell autonomously required for the migration and proper positioning of reelin-expressing CGE-derived INs in the neocortex. Our findings reveal a requirement for a serotonin receptor in controlling the migration and laminar positioning of a specific subtype of cortical IN.
Cytoplasmic HIV-1 RNA is mainly transported by diffusion in the presence or absence of Gag protein
Authors: Chen Jianbo , Grunwald David , Sardo Luca , Galli Andrea , Plisov Sergey , Nikolaitchik Olga A. , Chen De , Lockett Stephen , Larson Daniel R. , Pathak Vinay K. , Hu Wei-Shau 
Published: November 2014

Significance
HIV-1 full-length RNA must go to specific subcellular compartments to carry out its functions as a template for translation of structural and enzymatic proteins and as the genetic material for new virions. RNA mislocalization can affect the functions of the RNA and its encoded proteins, causing defects in viral replication. Currently, little is known about how HIV-1 RNA is transported in the cytoplasm. Here, we demonstrate that HIV-1 full-length RNAs use diffusion as the major mechanism for cytoplasmic transport in the absence of viral group-specific antigen (Gag) proteins and even in the presence of sufficient Gag proteins for virus assembly, indicating that Gag does not alter the RNA transport mechanism. These studies provide insights into mechanisms essential to viral replication.
Modulation of DNA loop lifetimes by the free energy of loop formation
Authors: Chen Yi-Ju , Johnson Stephanie , Mulligan Peter , Spakowitz Andrew J. , Phillips Rob 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Storage and retrieval of the genetic information in cells is a dynamic process that requires the DNA to undergo dramatic structural rearrangements. One prominent but still incompletely understood example of such rearrangements is protein-mediated DNA looping. Here, we use a single-molecule biophysical technique to show that the elasticity of the DNA and protein affects the kinetics of both loop formation and, unexpectedly, loop breakdown, and we develop a theory based on polymer physics to explain the origin of these observations. Our results demonstrate a previously unidentified way to probe the looping reaction pathway and quantify the effects of both the DNA and protein elasticity in looping kinetics, and therefore better understand their roles in many gene-regulatory processes.
Graphene cover-promoted metal-catalyzed reactions
Authors: Yao Yunxi , Fu Qiang , Zhang Y. Y. , Weng Xuefei , Li Huan , Chen Mingshu , Jin Li , Dong Aiyi , Mu Rentao , Jiang Peng , Liu Li , Bluhm Hendrik , Liu Zhi , Zhang S. B. , Bao Xinhe 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceCarbon deposits have been widely observed on metal surfaces in a variety of catalytic reactions, and the graphitic carbon species are often considered as inhibitors for surface reactions. We demonstrate here that CO adsorption and oxidation can occur on Pt surface covered by monolayer graphene, showing that the space between graphene overlayer and metal surface can act as a two-dimensional (2D) nanoreactor. Inside, CO oxidation happens with lower activation barrier due to the confinement effect of the graphene cover. This finding reminds us to reconsider the role of graphitic carbon in metal-catalyzed surface reactions and further provides a way to design novel catalysts.
Orbital apocenter is not a sufficient condition for HST/STIS detection of Europa’s water vapor aurora
Authors: Roth Lorenz , Retherford Kurt D. , Saur Joachim , Strobel Darrell F. , Feldman Paul D. , McGrath Melissa A. , Nimmo Francis 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Images of Europa’s UV aurora taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in December 2012 have revealed local hydrogen and oxygen emissions in intensity ratios that identify the source as electron impact excitation of water molecules. The existence of water vapor plumes as a source for the detected localized water vapor and the possible accessibility of subsurface liquid water reservoirs at these locations have important implications for the exploration of Europa’s potentially habitable environments. The observations reported here tested whether orbital position near the apocenter is an essential requirement for plume activity. Only an upper limit on the amount of water vapor was obtained. Orbital position is therefore not a sufficient condition for detecting plumes and they may be episodic events.
Silicon isotopes in angrites and volatile loss in planetesimals
Authors: Pringle Emily A. , Moynier Frédéric , Savage Paul S. , Badro James , Barrat Jean-Alix 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Understanding volatile elements in the early solar system is a key step toward understanding the processes of planetary formation and the composition of Earth, but the origin of volatiles on Earth is not well understood. In this article, we present measurements of silicon isotope ratios in angrites, a class of meteorites dating from the first few million years after condensation of solids from the solar nebula. We show that the silicon isotope composition of angrites is consistent with a depletion of volatile elements on the angrite parent body through impact events during accretion. Such volatile-poor planetesimals may represent the material that formed the Earth.