bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An iteration-based design algorithm for high frequency transformer in SSTs and its validation by finite element analysis
Authors: Joseph Sherin , John Shajimon Kalayil , Kudilil Prasad Pinkymol , Joseph Jineeth , Nair Muraleedharan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an iteration-based algorithm for the optimum design of a high frequency transformer for solid-state transformer (SST) applications. This algorithm minimizes the total owning cost (TOC) of a distribution type solid-state transformer. The unique features of this algorithm compared with the available algorithms in the literature are as follows: it iterates eight design variables, four constraints are defined for selecting the valid designs, and it works with different core materials and AC test voltages. The algorithm uses various user-defined data inputs to calculate loss capitalization values for TOC calculation. In every iteration, TOC is estimated, and calculated values of design constraints are compared with their threshold limits. A case study is conducted on a high-frequency transformer (HFT) incorporated in 1000-kVA, 11-kV/415-V, Dyn11 three-phase wound core SST. This is to determine the optimum design parameters. In this case study, the algorithm was iterated with 2,100,000 design data inputs, generating 258,272 designs that satisfied all design constraints. The optimum design with minimum TOC is selected from the generated 258,272 designs. The optimum design is validated using finite element analysis in ANSYS software. Comparing the results of both analyses, the deviation is less than 5%. Hence, the algorithm’s reliability is proved.
Experimental study on the behavior of small-scaled circular and square RC columns under various loading conditions and corrosion effect
Authors: Elshafei Merna , Abdalla Hany , Youssef Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReinforced concrete columns are vital load-bearing elements, responsible for transferring vertical loads and resisting lateral forces. While numerous factors govern column performance, this study pinpoints cross-sectional shape, transverse reinforcement configuration, and the corrosive threat as its primary areas of investigation. Thus, 20 small-scaled (1/8th scale) RC columns (square and circular, with ties or spirals) were tested under various loading conditions. Columns were divided into five groups. A preliminary test was conducted to determine individual axial load capacity through failure under axial compressive loading. The main test then explored their behavior under combined axial load and variable lateral drift compared to their behavior at two corrosion levels 15% and 25%. While corrosion levels were roughly achieved, uneven distribution due to the accelerated process concentrated pitting near construction joints, impacting reinforcement more than rebar. Results confirmed the efficacy of spirals in enhancing capacity, particularly for circular columns where they also increased lateral load capacity. However, spirals also amplified corrosion vulnerability in circular columns, suggesting a steeper decline in performance at higher corrosion levels. Two key models were derived from analyzing the recorded data: normalized total dissipated energy and normalized absolute peak load. Future research should prioritize exploring column behavior under a wider range of combined loads and corrosion levels to refine and validate these models.
Sex Differences in Alcohol Use: Is It All About Hormones?
Authors: Maddern Xavier J , Ursich Lauren T , Bailey Grace , Pearl Amy , Anversa Roberta G , Lawrence Andrew J , Walker Leigh C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Risky alcohol use and alcohol use disorders (AUD) are a rising problem in women, yet a major disparity in our understanding of what drives alcohol consumption in women remains. Historically biomedical research has focused on male subjects; however, recent increases in reporting of females, have highlighted major differences between the sexes. Here we review the current literature of the effect of gonadal steroid hormones (estrogens, androgens, and progestins), neurosteriods, and neurobiological factors on alcohol use in clinical and preclinical studies of both sexes. Further, we briefly discuss how fundamental sex differences in genetics, metabolism, neuroimmune, and stress responses may influence sex differences in alcohol intake. Comparing the sexes could aid in the discovery of novel therapeutics to treat AUD, and implementation of current treatment options in women.
Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016
Authors: Cormack Louise , Lazuka Volha , Quaranta Luciana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Exposure to infectious diseases in early life has been linked to increased mortality risk in later life in high-disease settings, such as eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe. Less is known about the long-term effects of early-life disease exposure in milder disease environments. This study estimates heterogeneous effects from disease exposure in infancy on later-life mortality in twentieth-century Sweden, by socioeconomic status at birth and sex. Using historical population data for southern Sweden, we study 11,515 individuals who were born in 1905–1929 from age 1 until age 85. We measure exposure to disease using the local post–early neonatal mortality rate in the first 12 months after birth and apply flexible parametric survival models. For females, we find a negative effect on life expectancy (scarring) at ages 1–85 following high disease exposure in infancy, particularly for those born to unskilled workers. For males, we find no negative effect on later-life survival, likely because stronger mortality selection in infancy outweighs scarring. Thus, even as the incidence of infectious diseases declined at the start of the twentieth century, early-life disease exposure generated long-lasting negative but heterogeneous population health effects.
Lymphovascular Invasion is an Independent Negative Prognostic Factor in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Donato Britton B. , Campany Megan E. , Brady Justin T. , Asher Jenkins J. , Butterfield Richard , Armstrong Valerie , Beamer Staci E. , dos Santos Pedro Reck , D’Cunha Jonathan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has not yet been described. Potential utility as an adjunct to current staging guidelines remains unknown.

Methods
The National Cancer Database was queried from 2006 to 2020. Univariate and multivariable models, Kaplan Meier method, and log-rank test were used. Subgroup analyses by pN stage were conducted.

Results
Of 9,689 patients, 23.2% had LVI. LVI was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio [HR] 1.401, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.307–1.502, p < 0.0001) with reduction in median survival to 20.0 months (95% CI 18.9–21.4) from 39.7 months (95% CI 37.8–42.3, p < 0.0001). Multivariable survival analysis adjusted on pN and pT stage found that patients with LVI had decreased survival in a given pN stage (p < 0.001). pN0/LVI+ patients had a similar prognosis to the higher staged pN1/LVI− (28.6 months), although pN1/LVI− patients did slightly worse (p = 0.0135). Additionally, patients with pN1/LVI+ had equivalent survival compared with pN2/LVI− (p = 0.178) as did pN2/LVI+ patients compared with pN3/LVI− (p = 0.995).

Conclusions
In these data, LVI is an independent negative prognostic factor in EAC. LVI was associated with a survival reduction similar to an upstaged nodal status irrespective of T stage. Patients with LVI may be better classified at a higher pN stage.
Asymptotic Scaling of Optimal Cost and Asymptotic Optimality of Base-Stock Policy in Several Multidimensional Inventory Systems
Authors: Bu Jinzhi , Gong Xiting , Chao Xiuli 
Published: July 2024

Asymptotic Optimality of Simple Heuristic Policies for Multidimensional Inventory Systems Stochastic inventory systems with multidimensional state spaces, such as lost-sales system with positive lead time and perishable inventory system, are challenging to manage because of the curse of dimensionality, and their optimal control policies are extremely complex. In “Asymptotic Scaling of Optimal Cost and Asymptotic Optimality of Base-Stock Policy in Several Multidimensional Inventory Systems,” Bu, Gong and Chao consider three classes of such systems in the regime of large unit penalty cost, and they establish the asymptotic optimality of (modified) simple base-stock policies as well as an explicit expression for the optimal cost rate in each of these systems. These results justify the applications of such policies in real-world applications, and they are achieved by constructing tight newsvendor upper and lower bounds on the systems’ costs and analyzing the asymptotic scaling of newsvendor costs with large unit penalty cost. This approach is expected to be useful in studying other multidimensional stochastic inventory systems.
Escala de alerta precoce na identificação de pacientes com risco de deterioração clínica
Authors: Sá Bruna Victória de Sousa , Aguiar Adriana Sousa Carvalho de , Rocha Elyrose Sousa Brito , Bezerra Sandra Marina Gonçalves , Almeida Paulo César de 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: avaliar pontuação da National Early Warning Score (NEWS) em relação ao tipo de desfecho e perfil dos pacientes da enfermaria clínica médica de um hospital em Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Método: estudo quantitativo realizado num hospital público, em Teresina, com 150 prontuários de pacientes internados no setor clínica médica de fevereiro de 2022 a dezembro de 2022, a partir de registros demográficos, clínicos e valores da escala na admissão e desfecho. Resultados: houve associação dos valores da escala com a faixa etária (p=0,029), tempo de internação (p=0,023) e tipo de desfecho (p < 0,001). Alto risco clínico prevaleceu entre pacientes do sexo masculino (13%), na faixa etária de 60 a 94 anos (13%), com permanência de 21 a 57 dias (19,2%) e óbito como desfecho (100%). Conclusão: implementação da referida escala evidenciou ser fundamental para prever agravos clínicos e melhorar qualidade da assistência.
The evaluation of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) reliability generalization: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wojujutari Ajele Kenni , Idemudia Erhabor Sunday , Ugwu Lawrence Ejike 
Published: July 2024

Background
The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is widely used for detecting psychiatric disorders, but its reliability across different populations remains to be determined.

Objective
This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the reliability of GHQ-12 across varied cultural and demographic settings.

Method
This meta-analysis evaluates the reliability of General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-12]’ across diverse populations, employing a systematic search strategy and rigorous inclusion criteria. This meta-analysis evaluates the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) using a pre-registered protocol (CRD42023488436) to ensure unbiased results. Data from 20 studies published between 2016–2023 were analysed using a random-effects model, with quality assessment guided by COSMIN Risk of Bias and QUADAS-2. This study enhances our understanding of GHQ-12’s psychometric properties.

Results
For the GHQ-12 subscales, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.72 (90% CI [0.68, 0.75]) for anxiety and depression, 0.82 (90% CI [0.79, 0.86]) for social dysfunction, and 0.72 (90% CI [0.68, 0.76]) for loss of confidence. However, the analysis showed substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 90.04%), with significant variability in reliability estimates across different studies. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.84 (95% Cl [0.810, 0.873]) with SE = 0.016 (90% CI [0.68, 0.82], p < .05), indicating moderate to high internal consistency. Quantifying heterogeneity revealed a substantial level (se = 0.0016, I2 = 96.7%), signifying considerable variability in the reliability estimate among the studies. Results further show Cronbach’s alpha coefficients range from 0.82 to 0.85 (95% Cl [0.77, 0.86 to 0.81, 0.90]) for the GHQ 12 items.

Conclusion
While reaffirming the GHQ-12’s utility in mental health assessment, our findings urge a more cautious and context-aware application of the questionnaire. The substantial heterogeneity and variability in reliability scores indicate a need for further research. Future studies should explore the reasons behind this variability, focusing on cultural, socio-economic, and methodological factors that might influence the GHQ-12’s reliability. This critical analysis underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the GHQ-12’s applicability and the importance of tailoring mental health assessment tools to specific population characteristics.
Associations between the neighbourhood food environment and food and drink purchasing in England during lockdown: A repeated cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Kalbus Alexandra Irene , Cornelsen Laura , Ballatore Andrea , Cummins Steven 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Evidence for the effect of neighbourhood food environment (NFE) exposures on diet in the UK is mixed, potentially due to exposure misclassification. This study used the first national COVID-19 lockdown in England as an opportunity to isolate the independent effects of the NFE exposure on food and drink purchasing, and assessed whether these varied by region.

Methods
Transaction-level purchasing data for food and drink items for at-home (1,221 households) and out-of-home consumption (171 individuals) were available from the GB Kantar Fast Moving Consumer Goods Panel for London and the North of England. The study period included 23rd March to 10th May 2020 (‘lockdown’), and the same period in 2019 for comparison. NFE exposures included food outlet density and proximity, and NFE composition within a 1 km network buffer around the home. Associations were estimated for both years separately, adjusted for individual and household characteristics, population density and area deprivation. Interaction terms between region and exposures were explored.

Results
There were no consistent patterns of association between NFE exposures and food and drink purchasing in either time period. In 2019, there was some evidence for a 1.4% decrease in energy purchased from ultra-processed foods for each additional 500 m in the distance to the nearest OOH outlet (IR 0.986, 95% CI 0.977 to 0.995, p = 0.020). In 2020, there was some evidence for a 1.8% reduction in total take-home energy for each additional chain supermarket per km2 in the neighbourhood (IR 0.982, 95% CI 0.969, 0.995, p = 0.045). Region-specific effects were observed in 2019 only.

Discussion
Findings suggest that the differences in exposure to the NFE may not explain differences in the patterns or healthiness of grocery purchasing. Observed pre-pandemic region-specific effects allude to the importance of geographical context when designing research and policy. Future research may assess associations for those who relied on their NFE during lockdown.
Primary Gastric and Duodenal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma With Symptomatic Anemia
Authors: Alabed Abdulla , Abubaker Faisal , Sharif Omar , Zayed Alddana , Aljufairi Eman 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a low-grade lymphoma derived from marginal zone B cells in extranodal tissue. Gastric MALT lymphoma is frequently seen; however, duodenal MALT lymphoma is rare, and there is no standardized knowledge up to date about the management of the disease. We present a case of a 56-year-old woman with gastric and duodenal MALT lymphoma.
Biotehnološki procesi kot sredstvo za povečanje dostopnosti in antioksidativne aktivnosti fenolnih spojin iz zrn krušne pšenice in pire
Authors: MENCIN Marjeta 
Published: July 2024

Cereal grains, especially bran, are a rich source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. The potential positive effects of phenolics from whole grains of spelt and bread wheat on human health are limited by the poor bioaccessibility and bioavailability of their bound phenolics. Studies have shown that biotechnological processes (germination/fermentation/enzymatic treatment) are an effective strategy for improving the release of bound phenolics from the cell wall matrix of cereal grains. In this review article, the effects of biotechnological processes on the composition, antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility of phenolics from spelt and bread wheat grains are discussed in detail. Existing research indicates the presence of a different phenolics in spelt and bread wheat grains, making whole grains excellent for improving nutritional value of products. It has been shown that biotechnological processes can effectively increase the content of bioaccessible and bioavailable phenolics in cereal grains, which enables improved in vitro antioxidant activity. Currently, there is a lack of in vivo studies to confirm the findings obtained in vitro, so in vivo studies to determine the biological activity of phenolic compounds from pre-treated grains will be crucial in the future.
Irregular loci in the Emerton–Gee stack for GL2
Authors: Bellovin Rebecca , Borade Neelima , Hilado Anton , Kansal Kalyani , Lee Heejong , Levin Brandon , Savitt David , Wiersema Hanneke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Let

K
/

Q
p

K/\mathbf{Q}_{p}

be unramified.
Inside the Emerton–Gee stack

X
2

\mathcal{X}_{2}

, one can consider the locus of two-dimensional mod 𝑝 representations of

Gal
⁢

(

K
̄

/
K

)

\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{K}/K)

having a crystalline lift with specified Hodge–Tate weights.
We study the case where the Hodge–Tate weights are irregular, which is an analogue for Galois representations of the partial weight one condition for Hilbert modular forms.
We prove that if the gap between each pair of weights is bounded by 𝑝 (the irregular analogue of a Serre weight), then this locus is irreducible.
We also establish various inclusion relations between these loci.
First-principles calculations of the mechanical properties of Mg2Si intermetallic via ternary elements doping
Authors: Hu Hai , Liu Tinging , Li Zhendong , Wang Xu , Wang Yanbiao , Li Shaorong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Site preference, structural stability and mechanical properties of Mg2Si doped by ternary elements were studied by first-principles calculation. Formation enthalpies show that light element impurity Al and rare earth elements Sc and Y tend to occupy the Mg site, while transition element Cu has a preference for the Si site. Shear modulus to bulk modulus ratio (G/B), Poisson’s ratio ν and Cauchy pressure show that the ductility of Mg2Si is improved for ternary element addition. The introduced parameter of ductility factor D indicates that the enhanced dislocation emission but suppressed micro-crack propagation is the key to enhancing ductility. Electronic structure indicates the brittleness is due to the strong covalent interaction between Mg-2p and Si-3p (Mg-3s and Si-3p/3s). While, with the incorporation of alloying elements, abundant electrons are injected into the matrix Mg2Si. Thereby, the covalent interaction is effectively suppressed and the ductility is improved.
The semiotics of red-tagging: hateful affects against the community pantry movement
Authors: Buso Nelson Mangaldan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study demonstrates how a red-tagging post on the community pantry movement in the Philippines performs its affective work of hate through the use of diverse modes of meaning-making (composition, representation, and language). It does so by employing a semiotic approach that integrates a multimodal framework that is attentive to materiality and an affective approach to discourse studies. The analysis traces and reveals different affective affordances of the semiotic resources in the chosen red-tagging post. Overall, the study sheds light on how red-tagging practices – in this case, in the form of a poster/Facebook post – are strategically semioticized, thus contributing to a larger political project of constructing an affective discourse of hate against the community pantry movement.
High-Intensity Running During International Male Field Hockey Involves Frequent Changes of Direction and Repeated Accelerations but Seldom Reaches Sprint Velocities
Authors: Goods Paul S.R. , Appleby Brendyn , Scott Brendan R. , Peeling Peter , Galna Brook 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Goods, PS, Appleby, B, Scott, BR, Peeling, P, and Galna, B. High-intensity running during international male field hockey involves frequent changes of direction and repeated accelerations but seldom reaches sprint velocities. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—The aim of this investigation was to quantify the characteristics of high-intensity running in international male field hockey. Player movement data were collected through wearable player tracking devices across 3 tournaments (17 matches) from 27 members of the Australian male field hockey team (totaling 266 player matches). Active duration (minute), high-intensity efforts (>2.5 m·s−2 for >1 second), repeated high-intensity efforts (≥3 efforts with ≤45-second recovery between efforts), and sprints (>7 m·s−1) were extracted and aggregated for each player match. The duration, distance, mean and peak speed, mean change of direction and straightness for each high-intensity effort, and peak deceleration at the conclusion of each effort were calculated. Mixed-effects models were used to estimate the mean for each outcome (fixed effect), with random intercepts modeled for player and match. On average, players completed 42.2 high-intensity efforts and 2.1 sprints per match. High-intensity efforts were short (3.61 seconds, 12.9 m), failed to reach high velocities (average peak velocity: 4.8 m·s−1), and involved frequent changes of direction (56% of efforts were not straight). There were 4.7 bouts of repeated high-intensity efforts per player, per match (comprising 3.8 efforts, with 3.53 seconds per effort separated by 16.2-second recovery). Last, we also found that 29% of high-intensity efforts involved a high-speed deceleration (>3.5 m·s−2), and these occurred frequently when in conjunction with a >45° (86%) or >90° (89%) change of direction. We recommend practitioners focus on developing players' ability to repeatedly accelerate, decelerate, and change direction over short distances and adopt testing and monitoring programs that assess these qualities.