bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety of brigatinib following alectinib-induced-pneumonitis: Case report
Authors: Resuli Blerina , Galarza Heidi , Laura Elsner , Kauffmann-Guerrero Diego , Behr Jürgen , Tufman Amanda 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK TKIs) show robust activity in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring an ALK-rearrangement. Rare but serious side effects, such as pneumonitis can occur with ALK TKIs. We here report a case of a patient with NSCLC with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4- ALK) translocation who tolerated brigatinib following alectinib-induced pneumonitis. The patient was notable for diffuse ground-glass opacities 2 months after of initiating alectinib without dyspnea and hypoxemia. With no alternative etiology of pneumonitis identified, the patient was treated with corticosteroids and discontinuation of alectinib. Following rapid clinical recovery and radiographic resolution of the opacities, the patient was started with brigatinib, with no recurrence of the clinical symptoms or radiographic findings of pneumonitis. While further descriptions are needed, our experience suggests that switching to a second ALK-TKI such as brigatinib may be a safe therapeutic option in some patients who develop drug-induced pneumonitis on alectinib.
Significance of Tumor Mutation Burden related immune gene PAEP in the progression and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Jie , Che Zhifei , Zhou Shiying , Peng Zechun , Cai Fangzhen , He Shuming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common renal malignant disease with a poor prognosis. Tumor mutation load (TMB) has received much attention in various tumor studies, however, there were limited studies focus on the relationship between TMB and ccRCC. We aimed to investigate the role of TMB-related immune gene progestagen‑associated endometrial protein (PEAP) in ccRCC and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods
Somatic mutation data of 336 patients with ccRCC were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the mutational spectrum was analyzed using the "maftools" software package. Based on TCGA -ccRCC cohort, we summarized the status of gene mutations in ccRCC. The TMB was calculated and the samples were divided into high and low TMB groups. Then, we analyzed the relationship between TMB and clinical characteristic. Meanwhile, we identified some TMB-related immune genes through the intersection of TMB-Related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and immune related genes. Finally, We selected the immune genes most associated with TMB, investigated its expression in renal tissues of ccRCC patients, and further investigated its role and potential molecular mechanisms In-vivo and in-vitro.
Results
Using bioinformatics we analyzed the most common mutation of Variant Classification, Variant Type, single nucleotide variants (SNV) Class for missense mutations, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and C > T in ccRCC, respectively. we found that higher TMB related to shorter overall survival (OS), lower age and grade. Finally, we identified progesterone associated endometrial protein (PAEP) gene, a novel TMB-related immune gene in ccRCC, which was significantly overexpression in ccRCC tissues and cells with progression and poor survival in ccRCC patients. Furthermore, by constructing 786-O cell model, our results showed that PAEP promoted the invasion, migration, and proliferation of ccRCC cells; meanwhile, PAEP knockdown suppressed the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. In-vivo studies, we found that after knocking out the PEAP gene, the subcutaneous transplanted tumors in nude mice were smaller and lighter. Mechanistically, we consider that PAEP may regulate the malignant biological phenotype and poor survival prognosis of ccRCC through the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Conclusion
Our study suggests that PAEP might represents a potential target of antibody immunotherapy for ccRCC patients and also provides a strong theoretical basis for the clinical application of PAEP.
Tongue microbiota in relation to the breathing preference in children undergoing orthodontic treatment
Authors: Vrankova Zuzana Marincak , Brenerova Petra , Bodokyova Lenka , Bohm Jan , Ruzicka Filip , Linhartova Petra Borilova 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Mouth breathing (MB) and craniofacial anomalies are interrelated and linked to pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Both MB and orthodontic therapy can influence the oral microbiome. This study examines the relationship between tongue microbiota and breathing preference in children with orthodontic anomalies.
Materials and Methods
The study included 30 children, 15 with MB and 15 with nose breathing (NB), matched by age, sex, and BMI. They underwent clinical and orthodontic examinations, sleep apnea monitoring, and collection of tongue swabs before (M0) and six months into orthodontic therapy (M6). Oral candidas were analyzed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and bacteriome analysis was conducted using 16S rRNA sequencing.
Results
At M0, oral candidas were equally present in both groups. At M6, Candida sp. were found in six children with MB but in none with NB (p = 0.01). No significant differences in bacterial diversity were observed between groups. However, children with MB had higher relative abundance of Solobacterium than others (q = 0.01).
Conclusions
Oral candidas are more common during orthodontic therapy in children with MB. While the study didn't find broad impacts of MB on oral bacteriome composition, it identified a significant link between Solobacterium and MB, highlighting the importance of managing halitosis in these patients.
The Role of C1orf50 in Breast Cancer Progression and Prognosis
Authors: Otani Yusuke , Tanaka Atsushi , Maekawa Masaki , Peña Tirso , Toyooka Shinichi , Doihara Hiroyoshi , Roehrl Michael H , Fujimura Atsushi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Although the prognosis of breast cancer has significantly improved compared to other types of cancer, there are still some patients who expire due to recurrence or metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method to identify patients with poor prognosis at the early stages of cancer. In the process of discovering new prognostic markers from genes of unknown function, we found that the expression of C1orf50 determines the prognosis of breast cancer patients, especially for those with Luminal A breast cancer. This study aims to elucidate the molecular role of C1orf50 in breast cancer progression. Bioinformatic analyses of the breast cancer dataset of TCGA, and in vitro analyses, reveal the molecular pathways influenced by C1orf50 expression. C1orf50 knockdown suppressed the cell cycle of breast cancer cells and weakened their ability to maintain the undifferentiated state and self-renewal capacity. Interestingly, upregulation of C1orf50 increased sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibition. In addition, C1orf50 was found to be more abundant in breast cancer cells than in normal breast epithelium, suggesting C1orf50 involvement in breast cancer pathogenesis. Furthermore, the mRNA expression level of C1orf50 was positively correlated with the expression of PD-L1 and its related factors. These results suggest that C1orf50 promotes breast cancer progression through cell cycle upregulation, maintenance of cancer stemness and immune evasion mechanisms. Our study uncovers the biological functions of C1orf50 in Luminal breast cancer progression, a finding not previously reported in any type of cancer.
Is Early Stenting Beneficial in Advanced Cervical Cancer : Prospective Study to Determine the Factors Predicting Successful DJ Stent Insertion in Malignant Ureteric Obstruction Secondary to Cervical Cancer
Authors: Venkataramana Ashwath , RP Sanjay , Ramaiah Keshavamurthy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

AIM
To study the clinical, biochemical and radiological factors predicting successful DJ stent insertion in cases of advanced carcinoma cervix with obstructive uropathy in order to proactively stent patients with advanced cervical cancer at an earlier stage
METHODS
Prospective study where 109 patients of advanced Carcinoma cervix with obstructive uropathy were included. DJ stent insertion was considered successful if atleast one ureter was intubated. Clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters analysed with the primary outcome of successful DJS insertion using ROC curves. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy calculated. FIsher's test and Chi square test used to calculate the value of significance. P < 0.05 considered significant.
RESULTS
11%, 31%, 35%, and 22% of subjects had grade1, grade2, grade 3, grade 4 HUN respectively. DJS was successful in 66 patients. The likelihood of DJS declined with increase in tumor's size (chi sq 17.3, p = 0.0051) and HUN grade (chi sq 13.68, p = 0.003). Plotting ROC curves showed that serum albumin < 2.9 mg/dl (sn − 44% and sp − 83.3%), serum creatinine of > 4.4 mg/dl (sn -75%, sp − 80.95%), and serum urea level of more than 47 mg/dl (sn − 62%, sp = 88%) and eGFR < 11.2ml/min/1.73m2 reduced the success of DJ stent.
CONCLUSION
Probability of successful DJ stent depends on grade of HUN, size of the tumour, eGFR ,serum albumin, presence of bladder infiltration and history of radiotherapy. Efficacy of diversion by DJS and PCN insertion with respect to return of renal function were not significantly different.
Prostatic Cave Stones Post-Cystolitholapaxy with TURP. A Rare Complication
Authors: Madaka Seham , Basalat Ward , Al-Karaja Layth , Nassar Laith , Alhashash Khaled , Asad Diya , Sneineh Saeda Abu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Prostatic cave stones, also known as prostatic utricular stones, are exceedingly rare complications following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and cystolitholapaxy. These stones form within the prostatic utricle, a remnant of the Mullerian duct within the prostate gland. While TURP and cystolitholapaxy are common procedures for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and bladder stones respectively, the occurrence of post-procedure prostatic cave stones is uncommon and not well documented in the literature. We report the rare development of prostatic cave stones following a combined cystolitholapaxy and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) procedure.
Case presentation:
a 55-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent kidney stones, urinary symptoms, and multiple different surgical interventions. He developed urinary bladder stones which required cystolitholapaxy and during the procedure partial prostate resection was performed via transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) due to enlargement. As a result of this combined surgical procedure prostatic cave stones were formed.
Conclusion
Rare complications, such as prostatic cave stones, may occur post-urologic operatives, which require clinicians’ attention and consideration. This highlights the importance of recognizing and managing rare complications to ensure optimal patient care.
A novel methylation-detection panel for HPV associated high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervical cancer screening
Authors: Cheng Xiaobo , Chai Ranran , Zhang Teng , Chen Yanjie , Fan Fangqin , Ye Yingfei , Jin Guanqin , Li Tingting , Wang Hui , Ding Jingwen , Zheng Min , Han Yanhua , Tang Qinzhu , Song Zhiqing , Ji Yiqun , Song Wengweng , Luo Weifeng , Kang Yu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Cervical cancer (CC) was considered to be the most common gynaecological cancer, with an estimated 342,000 deaths worldwide each year, as the majority of patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of multi-locus methylation assay for the early detection of CC.
Methods
The cervical exfoliated cell samples from 492 HPV-positive females with cervical lesions were collected and subjected to methylation detection of gene FAM19A4, EPB41L3 and PAX1 after bisulfite conversion. The levels of gene methylation in patients with different severity of cervical lesions were evaluated and compared. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established and efficacy indexes such as sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to assess the diagnostic value of DNA methylation detection at multiple gene loci for CC.
Results
The methylation levels of FAM19A4, EPB41L3 and PAX1 were significantly increased with the grade of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. The sensitivities of FAM19A4, EPB41L3 and PAX1 alone for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and CC diagnosis were 84.6%, 86.3% and 88.0%, respectively; when three markers were combined by a logistic regression model, the sensitivity was 88.0%, with a high specificity of 97.7% and AUC of 0.957 (95% CI: 0.937–0.977).
Conclusion
Methylation status of FAM19A4, EPB41L3 and PAX1 were highly specific and effective for monitoring the progression of cervical lesions and the tri-gene methylation assay provided an alternatively non-invasive choice for CC early screening.
Efficient augmentation of superparamagnetic ferrite with alum sludge as a sustainable nanoadsorbent matrix for promoting dye removal: preparation, characterization and application
Authors: Mangood Ahmed H. , Salama Eman Sh. , El-Sayed Ibrahim E.T. , Fouad Mai K. , tony maha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Alum sludge is produced in massive amounts through the process of water-works due to the use of aluminum sulphate as a coagulant. The possibility of twining cadmium sliver ferrites named CdAgF and cadmium cupper ferrites named CdCuF fabricated by a simple co-precipitation route with alum sludge (AS) based waste is accompanied. The prepared ferrite materials are mixed in a 50 % proportions with a modified AS (AS400) and labeled as AS400F-CdCu and AS400F-CdAgand introduced as adsorbent material. The surface functionalities, structure and morphology of the prepared adsorbents are evaluated via scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The prepared composites are applied in the removal of two types of dyes from wastewater stream as a simulated textile effluent named Synozol dyes Red K‑HL and Synozol dyes Blue K‑HL. Initially, the isotherm time is located at 1 h of contact time. Then, the adsorption parameters are investigated and the optimal operational parameters are recorded at natural pH of the aqueous effluent (7.0) and the economic adsorbent dose used is 1 g/L. the dye concentration is evaluated and the studied range (20-100 mg/L) reported that increasing the dye concentration increasing the adsorption capacity. Thermal effect has a negative behavior on the adsorption capacity. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models are evaluated to check the experimental data and the results are best fitted with Langmuir model for the both dyes. The greatest monolayer adsorption capacity is associated to CdAgF and its composite form AS400-CdAgF that is recorded as 149.031 and 102.564 mg/g, respectively for KHL Red dye and 79.744 and 32.414, respectively for KHL Blue dye. Also, the kinetic model is investigated and the data is following pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Finally, the recyclability of the catalyst showed its effectiveness for sustainable use.
Prevalence And Predictors of Anaemia Among Children 6 - 59 Months in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Analysis of National Demographic Health Data
Authors: Mieh Sudue Epaphroditus , Wanjiru James Njuguna , Kanu Lucas K , Curry Tanya , Kerkula Johnson Socrates , Dushimirimana Theophile , Koray Munawar Harun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Anaemia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Anaemia has a significant impact on children's health. It can interfere with cognitive and physical development, and in severe situations, and it can prove fatal. The purpose of this study is to provide a detailed review of the current prevalence of anaemia in SSA and to identify important risk factors among children under five years, and suggest practical solutions for prevention and control.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach using data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 22 countries in SSA, from 2010 to 2023. A total of 93524 participants were included in the study. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of anaemia among children under five years. Pooled prevalence and adjusted odds ratio, with a 95% confidence interval were reported. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Data management and analysis were performed using STATA version 18 macOS version.
Results: The overall prevalence of anaemia across all the included countries is 61% (95% CI: 61%-62%), with the lowest prevalence reported in Rwanda 37% (95% CI: 35%-39%) and highest prevalences were reported in Mali 82% (95% CI: 81%-84%). Children aged 24-59 months were significantly less likely (AOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.505 - 0.586) to experience anaemia compared to those aged 6-23 months. Children who received a Vitamin A supplement (AOR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.814 - 0.916) and dewormer (AOR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.812 – 0.914) were less likely to be anaemic. Anaemia is less prevalent among children whose mothers took iron supplements (59.5%) compared to those who did not (68.1%). Anaemia prevalence is highest among children of mothers with no education (68.8%) and lesser among mothers with higher education (49.4%). The chi-square test (𝜒2 = 294.9, p < 0.0001) indicates a significant association between maternal education and anaemia. The chi-square test (𝜒2 = 54.3, p < 0.0001) shows a significant association between iron supplementation during pregnancy and anaemia.
Conclusion: Our study showed a high prevalence of anaemia in SSA, suggesting the urgency of timely and comprehensive efforts with regards to this problem. Women empowerment and promoting integrated maternal and child health service delivery models are essential in dealing with childhood anaemia and improving children’s well-being and development in SSA and achieving SDG 2 in the sub-region.
Photoacoustic Polydopamine-Indocyanine Green (PDA-ICG) Nanoprobe for Detection of Senescent Cells
Authors: Hartono Muhamad , Baker Andrew G , Else Thomas R , Evtushenko Alexander S , Bohndiek Sarah E , Muñoz-Espín Daniel , Fruk Ljiljana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Cellular senescence is considered an important tumour suppression mechanism in response to damage and oncogenic stress in early lesions. However, when senescent cells are not immune-cleared and persist in the tumour microenvironment, they can drive a variety of tumour-promoting activities, including cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. Additionally, there is compelling evidence demonstrating a direct connection between chemo(radio)therapy-induced senescence and the development of drug resistance and cancer recurrence. Therefore, detection of senescent cells in tissues holds great promise for predicting cancer occurrence earlier, assessing tumour progression, aiding patient stratification and prognosis, and informing about the efficacy of potential senotherapies. However, effective detection of senescent cells is limited by lack of biomarkers and readout strategies suitable for in vivo clinical imaging. To this end, a nanoprobe composed of biocompatible polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle doped with FDA-approved indocyanine green (ICG) dye, namely PDA-ICG, was designed as a contrast agent for senescence detection using photoacoustic imaging (PAI). In an in vitro model of chemotherapy-induced senescence, PDA-ICG nanoprobe showed an elevated uptake in senescent cells relative to cancer cells. In addition to its improved photostability, 2.5-fold enhancement in photoacoustic signal relative to ICG was observed. Collectively, the results indicate that the PDA-ICG nanoprobe has the potential to be used as a contrast agent for senescence detection of chemotherapy-induced senescence using PAI.
Understanding access barriers to care in diabetic eye disease for underserved patients in Alabama: An expert interview study
Authors: Ko Stella , Tabano David , Kilany Mona , Jinnett Kimberly , Kirksey Victor , Ledesma Reg , Mossburg Sarah , Nguyen Charlene , Wilson Bryan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Underserved populations often have difficulty accessing care for diabetic eye disease, including screening, referral, and treatment. Although access barriers for diabetes care management have been well documented, less is understood of the access barriers for diabetic eye care specifically, and particularly among rural and underrepresented populations. This study aims to identify access barriers and opportunities to connect underserved patients in Alabama with diabetic eye screening and specialty care.
Methods We conducted 12 semistructured interviews with experts in ophthalmology, diabetes care management, and primary care in Alabama between November 2023 and January 2024. We used the Health Equity Implementation Framework to code interviews and identify key themes related to access barriers and other obstacles to care, as well as opportunities to improve access to diabetic eye screening and treatment.
Results Multiple factors associated with access barriers have been identified including aspects of the health care system in both inner and outer contexts, patient factors, and patient-provider interactions. We identified a mix of social, economic, and environmental barriers and opportunities at the patient and clinical encounter levels that influence access to eye care for underserved patients with diabetes in Alabama. Several innovative approaches were identified to improve patient access to eye care services at the health system level and during clinical engagement, including mobile clinics, expanded appointment times, one-stop shops, and improved information distribution before, during, and after the clinical encounter.
Conclusions Several innovative approaches have been suggested by the experts to improve access to care across several domains, including transportation and clinic mobility, teleophthalmology, and improved information dissemination to patients on diabetic eye disease. Further research is needed to establish an evidence base for additional innovations aimed at improving access to diabetic eye care and expanding their scope through quantitative research efforts, both in Alabama and nationwide.
Contributions to the literature
· Diabetes management is complex, and diabetic eye care may not be prioritized, particularly among underserved patients, and in health care settings with access barriers and other constraints.
· Identifying access barriers and opportunities to improve diabetic eye care among rural and underserved patients can improve overall care.
· Transportation and clinic mobility, teleopthalmology and improved information distribution to patients throughout their care can all help improve patient access for diabetic eye care.