bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploratory pharmacodynamics and efficacy of PF-06817024 in a Phase 1 study of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Danto Spencer I. , Tsamandouras Nikolaos , Reddy Padma , Gilbert Steven A. , Mancuso Jessica Y. , Page Karen , Beebe Jean S. , Peeva Elena , Vincent Michael S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPF-06817024 is a humanized antibody against interleukin-33 that has the potential to inhibit type 2 inflammation. An exploratory analysis of the pharmacodynamics and clinical effects of single and repeat doses of PF-06817024 was assessed in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), respectively, as part of a Phase 1, first-in-human study. Rhinosinusitis symptoms were improved, and nasal polyps were decreased in size following treatment with PF-06817024 in patients with CRSwNP. In patients with AD, PF-06817024, in aggregate, reduced disease severity and improved symptoms, as demonstrated by greater percentage decrease from baseline in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores and reduced pruritus numerical rating scores, compared with placebo. The efficacy in AD appeared to be bimodal with a sub-group of participants exhibiting high levels of improvement (EASI75 and EASI90) for a sustained period of time after dosing. In patients with CRSwNP, a consistent trend of decrease in eosinophil levels was observed in the PF-06817024 group, compared with placebo. Further research would be needed to confirm the clinical benefit and safety of PF-06817024 as a treatment for allergic diseases.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02743871. Registered 15 April 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02743871?term=NCT02743871&rank=1.
Ricin intoxication by lethal dose of castor seeds ingestion: a case report
Authors: Noumi Noumi Lysette Joelle , El-Hanna Sylvana , Reine Sandrine Mendeuka N. M. , Van Nuffelen Marc 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Ricin intoxication is a serious condition with symptoms ranging from mild gastroenteritis to fatal outcomes due to shock and multi-organ failure. Intoxication from the ingestion of castor seeds is uncommon. However, its diagnosis is crucial, particularly with a clear history of exposure to castor seeds, regardless of the route of exposure (enteral or parenteral). Prompt diagnosis is essential to monitor and manage the patient effectively and to prevent potentially fatal outcomes. We report a case where ingestion of castor seeds resulted in gastroenteritis severe enough to necessitate emergency medical care.

Case report
We present the case of a 47-year-old Belgian woman of Moroccan descent, previously healthy who was admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of colicky abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting following the ingestion of six castor beans. The patient was diagnosed with ricin intoxication, admitted for observation, and received symptomatic treatment. She was discharged home after a complete recovery three days later.

Conclusion
Our report underscores the clinical manifestations, hemodynamic changes, laboratory findings, and treatment of intoxication due to castor seed ingestion. It contributes to the limited literature on castor seed poisoning in humans, with a specific focus on cases in Belgium. This report aims to raise awareness among clinicians about this condition and emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive history-taking to prevent misdiagnosis and malpractice.
Investigation into the impact of anionic substitution on modulating the optical and catalytic properties of bismuth ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: K Rahina M. , Kodoth Arun Krishna , Pattabi Manjunatha , S Murari M. , Pattabi Rani M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles have emerged as a non-toxic catalyst with remarkable potential for the photodegradation of various environmental pollutants. A notable departure from conventional approaches, where cations are added as dopant, this study achieved enhanced catalytic performance through anion substitution. Specifically, replacing oxygen atoms with nitrogen introduces spin-polarized defect states within the BFO’s energy gap, resulting in a notable reduction in the energy band gap. Nitrogen doping of bismuth ferrite yields a novel material with exceptional capabilities for the photodegradation of methylene blue dye and the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Comprehensive characterization, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, has unequivocally confirmed the successful incorporation of nitrogen into the BFO nanoparticle lattice. Interestingly, field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed no significant alteration in nanoparticle size after nitrogen doping. Meanwhile, UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy unveiled a distinct decrease in the energy gap upon nitrogen incorporation. The observed improvements in catalytic activities can be attributed to nitrogen ions, introduced as substitutes, effectively occupying the oxygen defects within the sample, thereby diminishing recombination centers for photogenerated charge carriers and decreasing recombination rates. Additionally, adsorption kinetics studies underscore the efficacy of the catalyst surface in adsorbing methylene blue and/or 4-nitrophenol, conforming to the Ho pseudo-second-order model. This study not only highlights the exciting potential of nitrogen-doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticles in environmental remediation but also sheds light on the intricate interplay between anion substitution, band structure modification, and catalytic performance enhancement.
Graphical Abstract
Impact of integrated WASH and maternal and child health interventions on diarrhea disease prevalence in a resource-constrained setting in Kenya
Authors: Muriithi Betty , Wandera Ernest Apondi , Takeuchi Rie , Mutunga Felix , Kathiiko Cyrus , Wachira Mary , Tinkoi Joseph , Meiguran Mirasine , Akumu Pius , Ndege Valeria , Mochizuki Ryoichiro , Kaneko Satoshi , Morita Kouichi , Ouma Collins , Ichinose Yoshio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and child health interventions are proven simple and cost-effective strategies for preventing diarrhea and minimizing excess mortality. Individually, they are able to prevent diarrhea though sub-optimally, and their effectiveness when combined may be higher. This study examined the effect of integrated WASH and maternal and child health (MCH) interventions on prevalence of diarrhea, in a resource-limited setting in Kenya.

Methods
A controlled intervention was implemented in Narok County. The interventions included WASH interventions integrated with promotion of MCH. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on targeted indicators before and after the interventions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square to establish the impact of the interventions.

Results
A total of 431and 424 households and 491 and 487 households in intervention and control sites, respectively, participated in the baseline and endline surveys. Following implementation of the interventions, prevalence of diarrhea decreased by 69.1% (95% CI: 49.6–87.1%) and 58.6% (95% CI: 26.6–82.4%) in the intervention and control site, respectively. Treatment of drinking water and animal husbandry practices were significantly associated with diarrhea post-interventions.

Conclusions
Integrating WASH interventions with other diarrhea control strategies and contextualizing them to meet site-specific needs may effectively prevent diarrhea.
Estimating masticated and cone fuel loads using the Photoload method
Authors: Hood Sharon M. , Flanary Sarah J. , Stalling Christine M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Recognizing the complexity and varied nature of forest fuelbeds is crucial in understanding fire behavior and effects on the landscape. While current modeling efforts often consider fine and coarse woody debris surface fuel loads, those options do not always provide the most complete description of the fuelbeds. Both masticated fuels and cones can be a significant part of the fuelbed, with the potential to influence fire behavior and effects, but they are not currently captured in planar intersect methods or Photoload fuel sampling methodology. Cones are prevalent in most forested conifer stands, while mastication is a type of fuel treatment used to compact fuelbeds by shredding or chipping small trees, shrubs, and down woody debris. The treatment creates nonuniform particle sizes that violate assumptions of the planar intersect method to estimate dead surface fuel loads. The Photoload method of fuel load estimation allows visual estimates of fuel loads by particle type and the flexibility to develop photosequences of new fuel types.

Results
We created Photoload mastication sequences for estimating loading of masticated fuels, as well as cone loading sequences. Our mastication photosequences were developed from Pinus ponderosa-Pseudotsuga menziesii forests in Montana, USA, but could be used to provide a relative estimate of load for any masticated material. The cones used for developing photosequences were gathered from several forest types in the Northern Rockies, USA. We created two masticated fuel photosequences—fine particles < 7.62 cm and coarse particles ≥ 7.62 cm in width and six cone photosequences—Larix occidentalis, P. ponderosa, Pinus monticola, Pinus flexilis, Picea engelmannii, and P. menziesii.

Conclusions
The new mastication and cone loading photosequences can be used together with existing Photoload sequences to obtain total estimates of surface fuel loads. The 1-page sequences can be printed and used in the field to estimate these additional fuel type loads quickly and easily.
Two paralogous PHD finger proteins participate in natural genome editing in Paramecium tetraurelia
Authors: Häußermann Lilia , Singh Aditi , Swart Estienne C. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The unicellular eukaryote Paramecium tetraurelia contains functionally distinct nuclei: germline micronuclei (MICs) and a somatic macronucleus (MAC). During sex, the MIC genome is reorganized into a new MAC genome and the old MAC is lost. Almost 45,000 unique internal eliminated sequences (IESs) distributed throughout the genome require precise excision to guarantee a functional new MAC genome. Here, we characterize a pair of paralogous PHD finger proteins involved in DNA elimination. DevPF1, the early-expressed paralog, is present in only some of the gametic and post-zygotic nuclei during meiosis. Both DevPF1 and DevPF2 localize in the new developing MACs, where IES excision occurs. Upon DevPF2 knockdown (KD), long IESs are preferentially retained and late-expressed small RNAs decrease; no length preference for retained IESs was observed in DevPF1-KD and development-specific small RNAs were abolished. The expression of at least two genes from the new MAC with roles in genome reorganization seems to be influenced by DevPF1- and DevPF2-KD. Thus, both PHD fingers are crucial for new MAC genome development, with distinct functions, potentially via regulation of non-coding and coding transcription in the MICs and new MACs.
Who Does the Talking Here? The Impact of Gender Composition on Team Interactions
Authors: Hardt David , Mayer Lea , Rincke Johannes 
Published: August 2024

We analyze how the gender composition of teams affects team interactions. In an online experiment, we randomly assign individuals to gender-homogenous or gender-mixed teams of four. Teams meet in an audio chat room and jointly work on a team task that is gender-neutral in terms of individual productivity. By design, effects on team performance can only work through communication. We find that all-male teams communicate more than all-female teams and outperform teams of both alternative gender compositions. In mixed teams, men strongly dominate the team conversation quantitatively. Considering the ranking in terms of communication shares in mixed teams, we document that high-skilled men talk the most, followed by low-skilled men. High-skilled women talk more than low-skilled women, but much less than low-skilled men. We conclude that gender composition significantly impacts the way how teams exchange information. This paper was accepted by Dorothea Kübler, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [RI 1959/5-1] and Hans-Frisch-Stiftung. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.03411 .
From moral distress to resilient ethical climate among general practitioners: Fostering awareness. A qualitative pilot study
Authors: Coremans Raf , Saerens Anton , De Lepeleire Jan , Denier Yvonne 
Published: August 2024

Background
Moral distress in and ethical climate of health care institutions are highly intertwined subjects and have been linked to various quality of care indicators as well as job turnover intentions among health care professionals. Predominantly, both phenomena have been studied in intensive care, palliative and in-hospital settings. We aimed to explore the experience of moral distress by general practitioners (GPs), the role of ethical climate in GP moral distress and how ethical climate and moral distress can result in moral resilience in general practice.

Methods and findings
Between April and October 2021, we interviewed 13 doctors active in general practice in Flanders, Belgium, through semi-structured interviews. Data were processed and analysed using the Qualitative Analysis Guide of Leuven (QUAGOL). Most GPs had ample experience with morally distressing situations. Causes, determinants, and consequences do not differ significantly from other care settings. Moral distress can arise from conflicting views of good care, communication problems, and impending harm to third parties. We detected determinants of moral distress on micro-, meso- and macrolevels. GPs associate moral distress with job turnover and emotional, physical, existential, and quality of care effects. Several malleable factors can contribute to resilient ethical climates. This requires acquisition of vocabulary, skills, and knowledge.

Conclusions
Moral distress and ethical climate are important emerging themes for GPs. This research identifies determinants and effects of moral distress and ethical climate in primary care and could help GPs leverage moral distress experiences into morally resilient primary care through multiple suggested strategies.
Mortality risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome cases classified as COVID-19: A longitudinal study
Authors: Rodrigues Nádia Cristina Pinheiro , Teixeira-Netto Joaquim , Monteiro Denise Leite Maia , Andrade Mônica Kramer de Noronha 
Published: August 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global health, with diverse factors influencing the risk of death among reported cases. This study mainly analyzes the main characteristics that have contributed to the increase or decrease in the risk of death among Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) cases classified as COVID-19 reported in southeast Brazil from 2020 to 2023.

Methods
This cohort study utilized COVID-19 notification data from the Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica (SIVEP) information system in the southeast region of Brazil from 2020 to 2023. Data included demographics, comorbidities, vaccination status, residence area, and survival outcomes. Classical Cox, Cox mixed effects, Prentice, Williams & Peterson (PWP), and PWP fragility models were used to assess the risk of dying over time.

Results
Across 987,534 cases, 956,961 hospitalizations, and 330,343 deaths were recorded over the period. Mortality peaked in 2021. The elderly, males, black individuals, lower-educated, and urban residents faced elevated risks. Vaccination reduced death risk by around 20% and 13% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Hospitalized individuals had lower death risks, while comorbidities increased risks by 20–26%.

Conclusion
The study identified demographic and comorbidity factors influencing COVID-19 mortality. Rio de Janeiro exhibited the highest risk, while São Paulo had the lowest. Vaccination significantly reduces death risk. Findings contribute to understanding regional mortality variations and guide public health policies, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions for vulnerable groups.
Counter Revanchist Art in the Global City: Walls, Blockades and Barricades as Repertoires of Creative Action, Leah Modigliani
Authors: Morrell Amish 
Published: August 2024

Review of: Counter Revanchist Art in the Global City: Walls, Blockades and Barricades as Repertoires of Creative Action, Leah Modigliani
New York: Routledge (2024), 202 pp., h/bk,
ISBN: 978-1-032-19511-7, US$180, e-book,
ISBN: 978-1-00325-954-1, US$54.99
Stories from Small Museums, Fiona Candlin, Toby Butler and Jake Watts
Authors: Goskar Tehmina 
Published: August 2024

Review of: Stories from Small Museums, Fiona Candlin, Toby Butler and Jake Watts
Manchester: Manchester University Press (2022), 226 pp., p/bk,
ISBN: 978-1-5261-6688-3, £16.99
A utilização dos impressos como fonte e/ou objeto para a História da Educação
Authors: Ferreira Edna Pereira dos Santos , Hellmann Pâmilla Nataly Miguelão 
Published: August 2024

O primeiro volume do livro Impressos que educam, organizado por Kênia Hilda Moreira e Ana Maria de Oliveira Galvão, é resultado da parceria institucional de dois grupos de pesquisas da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) e da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), que têm em comum a problematização acerca da Cultura Escrita. A obra compõe a Série Histórias de Leitura e reúne trabalhos de pesquisadores vinculados a ambos os grupos, os quais buscam analisar a relação estabelecida pelos homens com os diferentes objetos impressos e a leitura. O prefácio intitulado Sobre la prensa en la historia de la educación, de autoria de José María Hernández Díaz, catedrático da Universidad de Salamanca, enfatiza que os diversos impressos utilizados como fonte evidenciam dimensões educativas variadas e seus possíveis leitores, seja crianças, jovens, adultos, e públicos, como feminino, religioso ou de excepcionais. Hernández Díaz destaca também as contribuições dos impressos, seja com recursos formativos ou informativos, com origem em instituições religiosas, científicas ou típicas de áreas especializadas (como revistas femininas, juvenis, entre outros).
Política e História na Educação: uma interlocução para a produção de conhecimento sobre a Escola Primária Paulista
Authors: Fernandes Fabiana Silva 
Published: August 2024

O que a política teria para contribuir com a história? O livro recém lançado, de autoria de Géssica Priscila Ramos, intitulado “História, Política e Educação: da construção à desconstrução da Escola Primária Paulista”, permite fazer essa reflexão, na medida em que é fruto da trajetória de investigação de uma pesquisadora que tem experiência na área de política educacional e que, de forma competente, transita pela história, estabelecendo vínculos entre acontecimentos políticos, econômicos e sociais com a legislação educacional, construindo uma narrativa preciosa e bem fundamentada, que dá voz e vida aos documentos normativos consultados. Trazendo para a história da educação uma discussão teórica que é da política educacional, a autora contribui para o resgate da legislação como uma fonte de pesquisa importante, na medida em que o texto normativo é a materialização de expectativas, anseios e promessas de mudanças educacionais, congregando interesses que ora vislumbram uma educação pública laica que contribua para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do país, ora retrocedem nos avanços prometidos.
PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM DUKUNGAN PSIKOSOSIAL MELALUI PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID (PFA) OLEH RELAWAN BENCANA ERUPSI SEMERU KABUPATEN LUMAJANG
Authors: Kharima Nadya , Yulianti Yulianti , Anjani Aninda Dwi 
Published: August 2024

The Semeru mountain eruption disaster that occurred in Lumajang Regency which occurred on December 4, 2021 left many sorrows including loss of property, relatives, and prolonged trauma. Therefore, volunteers are present to provide support to disaster victims with various forms of assistance such as evacuation assistance, logistics, warm posts, free laundry and psychosocial support. Currently, psychosocial support programs appear in the form of Psychological First Aid (PFA). Based on this, this study focuses on seeing how the implementation of psychosocial support programs through PFA by volunteers of the mount semeru eruption disaster in Lumajang regency. The research methods in this study use descriptive qualitative research using data collection through interviews and documentation studies. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are eight components of PFA implementation that have been implemented by volunteers, namely (1) contact and involvement; (2) safety and comfort; (3) stabilization; (4) information collection: needs and concerns (5) practical assistance; (6) relationship with social support; (7) information about coping; and (8) interrelationships with collaborative services. And there are obstacles felt by volunteers are related to adaptation to language, because volunteers are usually brought from different regions so that different languages are also different. Keywords: Psychosocial Support, Volunteers, Semeru Eruption
Cosmopolitanism of Langsa Society during Colonial Era
Authors: Sumiyati Sumiyati , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri , Rochwulaningsih Yety , Azhari Ichwan 
Published: August 2024

The advent of modernization in the 19th century significantly influenced the development of Langsa City, Aceh Province, as a cosmopolitan city. Despite having a strong Islamic tradition, Langsa was able to embrace cosmopolitanism without losing its Acehnese identity. This study focuses on the influence of cosmopolitanism on the socio-cultural life of the Langsa community. Cosmopolitanism in Langsa also influenced the lifestyle of its people, as seen in their global thinking and the perspectives of the educated elite. The research findings indicate that cosmopolitanism in Langsa has been ongoing for a long time, starting from the pre-Islamic era, continuing through the waves of European and other foreign arrivals, the influence of colonialism, independence, the arrival of modernist Islam, and up to the New Order political era. With abundant natural resources, Langsa has attracted foreigners. The interaction of people from various nations has led to the convergence of diverse cultures. However, despite being influenced by external cultures, the people of Langsa have also maintained their original culture amidst a hybrid culture. This is partly because the native people of Langsa, in their lifestyle, tend to follow the ulama(religious scholars) rather than the umara (secular leaders). As a cosmopolitan city, Langsa has also become a meeting place for modernist thoughts. One example is the acceptance of Muhammadiyah as a modernist Islamic organization.