bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood IQ and risk of bipolar disorder in adulthood: prospective birth cohort study
Authors: Smith Daniel J. , Anderson Jana , Zammit Stanley , Meyer Thomas D. , Pell Jill P. , Mackay Daniel 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundIntellectual ability may be an endophenotypic marker for bipolar disorder.AimsWithin a large birth cohort, we aimed to assess whether childhood IQ (including both verbal IQ (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) subscales) was predictive of lifetime features of bipolar disorder assessed in young adulthood.MethodWe used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a large UK birth cohort, to test for an association between measures of childhood IQ at age 8 years and lifetime manic features assessed at age 22–23 years using the Hypomania Checklist-32 (HCL-32; n=1881 individuals). An ordinary least squares linear regression model was used, with normal childhood IQ (range 90–109) as the referent group. We adjusted analyses for confounding factors, including gender, ethnicity, handedness, maternal social class at recruitment, maternal age, maternal history of depression and maternal education.ResultsThere was a positive association between IQ at age 8 years and lifetime manic features at age 22–23 years (Pearson's correlation coefficient 0.159 (95% CI 0.120–0.198), P>0.001). Individuals in the lowest decile of manic features had a mean full-scale IQ (FSIQ) which was almost 10 points lower than those in the highest decile of manic features: mean FSIQ 100.71 (95% CI 98.74–102.6) v. 110.14 (95% CI 107.79–112.50), P>0.001. The association between IQ and manic features was present for FSIQ, VIQ and for PIQ but was strongest for VIQ.ConclusionsA higher childhood IQ score, and high VIQ in particular, may represent a marker of risk for the later development of bipolar disorder. This finding has implications for understanding of how liability to bipolar disorder may have been selected through generations. It will also inform future genetic studies at the interface of intelligence, creativity and bipolar disorder and is relevant to the developmental trajectory of bipolar disorder. It may also improve approaches to earlier detection and treatment of bipolar disorder in adolescents and young adults.
Antipsychotics for the management of psychosis in Parkinson's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jethwa Ketan Dipak , Onalaja Oluwademilade A. 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundAntipsychotics can exacerbate motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease psychosis.AimsTo systematically review the literature on the efficacy and acceptability of antipsychotics for Parkinson's disease psychosis.MethodRandomised controlled trials comparing an antipsychotic with placebo were systematically reviewed.ResultsThe final selection list included nine studies using quetiapine (3), clozapine (2), olanzapine (3) and pimavanserin (1). A narrative synthesis and meta-analyses (where appropriate) were presented for each antipsychotic. Clozapine demonstrated superiority over placebo in reducing psychotic symptoms. Quetiapine and olanzapine did not significantly improve psychotic symptoms. All three antipsychotics may exacerbate motor symptoms. Quetiapine studies were associated with high drop-out rates due to adverse events. Pimavanserin is a novel treatment that warrants further investigation.ConclusionsFurther research is needed. Clozapine and pimavanserin appear to be a promising treatment for Parkinson's disease psychosis.
Influence of age, irradiation and humanization on NSG mouse phenotypes
Authors: Knibbe-Hollinger Jaclyn S. , Fields Natasha R. , Chaudoin Tammy R , Epstein Adrian A. , Makarov Edward , Akhter Sidra P. , Gorantla Santhi , Bonasera Stephen J. , Gendelman Howard E. , Poluektova Larisa Y. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTHumanized mice are frequently utilized in bench to bedside therapeutic tests to combat human infectious, cancerous and degenerative diseases. For the fields of hematology-oncology, regenerative medicine, and infectious diseases, the immune deficient mice have been used commonly in basic research efforts. Obstacles in true translational efforts abound, as the relationship between mouse and human cells in disease pathogenesis and therapeutic studies requires lengthy investigations. The interplay between human immunity and mouse biology proves ever more complicated when aging, irradiation, and human immune reconstitution are considered. All can affect a range of biochemical and behavioral functions. To such ends, we show age- and irradiation-dependent influences for the development of macrocytic hyper chromic anemia, myelodysplasia, blood protein reductions and body composition changes. Humanization contributes to hematologic abnormalities. Home cage behavior revealed day and dark cycle locomotion also influenced by human cell reconstitutions. Significant age-related day-to-day variability in movement, feeding and drinking behaviors were observed. We posit that this data serves to enable researchers to better design translational studies in this rapidly emerging field of mouse humanization.
Canine MPV17 truncation without clinical manifestations
Authors: Hänninen Reetta L. , Ahonen Saija , Màrquez Merce , Myöhänen Maarit J. , Hytönen Marjo K. , Lohi Hannes 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes (MDS) are often serious autosomal recessively inherited disorders characterized by tissue-specific mtDNA copy number reduction. Many genes, including MPV17, are associated with the hepatocerebral form of MDS. MPV17 encodes for a mitochondrial inner membrane protein with a poorly characterized function. Several MPV17 mutations have been reported in association with a heterogeneous group of early-onset manifestations, including liver disease and neurological problems. Mpv17-deficient mice present renal and hearing defects. We describe here a MPV17 truncation mutation in dogs. We found a 1-bp insertion in exon 4 of the MPV17 gene, resulting in a frameshift and early truncation of the encoded protein. The mutation halves MPV17 expression in the lymphocytes of the homozygous dogs and the truncated protein is not translated in transfected cells. The insertion mutation is recurrent and exists in many unrelated breeds, although is highly enriched in the Boxer breed. Unexpectedly, despite the truncation of MPV17, we could not find any common phenotypes in the genetically affected dogs. The lack of observable phenotype could be due to a late onset, mild symptoms or potential tissue-specific compensatory mechanisms. This study suggests species-specific differences in the manifestation of the MPV17 defects and establishes a novel large animal model to further study MPV17 function and role in mitochondrial biology.
Photochemical Cleavage of Axial Group Attached to the Central Carbon Atom of Triangulene Leuco Derivatives at the Ethanol/Au(111) Substrate
Authors: Yokoyama Soichi , Hirose Takashi , Matsuda Kenji 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Triangulene leuco derivatives bearing phenylethynyl group at the central carbon atom show a photocleavage reaction affording their cationic form with the quantum yield (Φr) of 0.33–0.67 in ethanol. The photoreaction can be detected not only by the change of absorption and fluorescence due to the generation of the cation, but also by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the single-molecule resolution at the air/Au(111) interface.
Gourmet babies: French accents in American baby food
Authors: Dunne Sara Lewis , Egan Chrys 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Twentieth-century American parenting and pediatric norms dictated that babies transition from breast milk or formula to solids through a specific progression of flavourless foods. The pre-packaged baby food paradigm started shifting in the 1960s– 1970s when Americans were questioning everything and returning to nature. Baby food, both home-made and commercial, began including a broader range of tastes, textures and flavours. Over the past 40–50 years, American adults have grown in their awareness of gourmet, ethnic and organic foods, not only for themselves but for their babies. The current trend of French influences on American parenting and food choices supports the reawakening trend in the United States of savouring food for pleasure, enjoying home-cooked meals, and demanding diverse high-quality commercial foods, not only for adults but for children as well. This French-infused American food renaissance is reflected in rapidly declining sales of traditional US baby food products, and the subsequent industry reinvention to meet new demands. Baby foods now include pomegranate, kale, quinoa, spices, and other ingredients that were not available in mass-marketed baby foods a decade ago.
Cooking with Hannibal: Food, liminality and monstrosity in Hannibal
Authors: Fuchs Michael 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Food plays a central role in the NBC show Hannibal, Bryan Fuller’s recent re-imagination of the well-known tale about a serial-killing psychiatrist named Dr Hannibal Lecter. This article traces food’s path from procurement via preparation to its consumption. Along this path, the article highlights how the show constantly questions binaries by intelligently interconnecting the eponymous character, who happens to be a cannibal, to his relation to food. In the end, this article demonstrates that food, a liminal object that enters the human body from the outside, is a remarkably potent semiotic vehicle for relating a story about a human monster who rejects and yet, surprisingly, at the same time reinforces cultural boundaries.
Low serum sclerostin levels in newborns with vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Pirgon Ozgur , Sandal Gonca , Cetin Hasan , Dundar Bumin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSclerostin is a glycoprotein produced by osteocytes that is being evaluated as a potential clinical marker of bone turnover. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between neonatal vitamin D status and levels of circulating sclerostin.Forty newborns were recruited for the study. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] concentration <20 ng/mL and the newborns were divided into two groups as vitamin D deficient and vitamin D sufficient groups. Calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and sclerostin were measured at birth.Newborns with vitamin D deficiency had markedly lower 25(OH)D levels than vitamin D sufficient newborns (8.5±4.4 ng/mL vs. 35.3±10.6 ng/mL, p<0.001). Vitamin D deficient infants also had significantly lower serum sclerostin levels (188.4±21.9 vs. 282.3±30.4 pg/mL; p: 0.026) than vitamin D sufficient newborns at birth. However, we did not detect a significant linear association between neonatal sclerostin and maternal/neonatal 25(OH)D levels.Our data also demonstrated that vitamin D deficient newborns exhibited lower sclerostin levels than vitamin D sufficient newborns. The low sclerostin level might serve as a marker of decreased osteocyte activity in newborns with vitamin D deficiency.
First- and fifth-minute Apgar scores of 0–3 and infant mortality: a population-based study in São Paulo State of Brazil
Authors: Viau Ângela Cristina , Kawakami Mandira Daripa , Teixeira Monica La Porte , Waldvogel Bernadette Cunha , Guinsburg Ruth , de Almeida Maria Fernanda Branco 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTo determine the infant mortality of newborns with 1- and 5-min Apgar scores of 0–3.Population cohort study with neonates with birth weight ≥400 g, gestational age ≥22 weeks and 1- and 5-min Apgar scores of 0–3, without malformations, born in São Paulo State (Brazil) from January 2006 to December 2007. Apgar scores were confirmed in the original certificates of live births and/or medical records. During this period, among 1,027,132 live births, 1640 met the study criteria, with an incidence of 1.6 per 1000 live births. When the 5-min Apgar score was 0, 1, 2 and 3, the infant mortality rate was 97%, 94%, 64% and 47%, respectively. Risk factors associated with infant deaths were 5-min Apgar score of 0 or 1 [odds ratio (OR) 16.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.1–24.8], birth weight <2500 g (OR 7.5, 95% CI 5.7–9.8), birth at hospitals outside the state capital (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3–2.3), in private or charitable hospitals (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.0), and during the night shift (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7).For infants with 1- and 5-min Apgar scores of 0–3, the infant mortality is high. Besides the biological variables associated with the chance of dying, the organization of the perinatal care influences the outcome.
Disparity in post-treatment maternal circulating magnesium sulfate levels between twin and singleton gestation: Is this the missing link between plurality and adverse outcome?
Authors: Marom-Haham Lilach , Mazaki-Tovi Shali , Zilberman Itamar , Kalter Anat , Haas Jigal , Sivan Eyal , Schiff Eyal , Yinon Yoav 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMagnesium sulfate (MgSOCase control study including two groups of pregnant women who received intravenous MgSOMaternal serum levels of magnesium were significantly lower among patients with twin gestations compared to those with singleton ones 6 h after initiation of treatment (4.6 vs. 4.8 mg/dL, P=0.003). In addition, the rate of pregnant women who obtained therapeutic levels 6 h after initiation of treatment was significantly lower in twin gestations than in singleton ones (36% vs. 58%, P=0.008). Multiple regression analysis revealed that twin gestations were independently and significantly associated with low maternal serum magnesium levels.Maternal serum concentrations of magnesium are lower in twin pregnancies than in singleton ones following MgSO
The association of first trimester bleeding with preterm delivery
Authors: Szymusik Iwona , Bartnik Pawel , Wypych Klaudia , Kolaczkowska Halszka , Kosinska-Kaczynska Katarzyna , Wielgos Miroslaw 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPreterm birth (PTB) is a predictor of perinatal morbidity and mortality, and prematurity continues to burden public healthcare with growing expenses. First trimester bleeding (FTB) has a well-known association with PTB; however, the relationship with severity of PTB is less obvious.The primary aim of the study was to analyze the influence of FTB on the risk and severity of PTB, as well as to assess the connection of FTB and other pregnancy complications.It was an observational case control study. The material consisted of medical records of patients who delivered between 2010 and 2013. Two groups were formed – 497 women with FTB and 500 women without bleeding.Women with FTB were more likely to deliver preterm in general (OR=2.11; 95% CI 1.43–3.10). The risk of extremely PTB (<28 weeks) was almost four-fold (OR=3.76; 95% CI 0.97–17.06) and very PTB (28–31 weeks) more than three-fold (OR=3.41; 95% CI 0.86–15.69). FTB increased the risk of placenta previa (OR=4.81; 95% CI 1.29–20.53; P=0.007).FTB is a risk factor of PTB and is associated with greater risk of PTB-related pregnancy complications. Management of FTB pregnancies should include thorough screening for both preterm delivery and placental pathologies.
Single-Nucleotide-Specific Targeting of the Tf1 Retrotransposon Promoted by the DNA-Binding Protein Sap1 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Hickey Anthony , Esnault Caroline , Majumdar Anasuya , Chatterjee Atreyi Ghatak , Iben James R , McQueen Philip G , Yang Andrew X , Mizuguchi Takeshi , Grewal Shiv I S , Levin Henry L 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) constitute a substantial fraction of the eukaryotic genome and, as a result, have a complex relationship with their host that is both adversarial and dependent. To minimize damage to cellular genes, TEs possess mechanisms that target integration to sequences of low importance. However, the retrotransposon Tf1 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe integrates with a surprising bias for promoter sequences of stress-response genes. The clustering of integration in specific promoters suggests that Tf1 possesses a targeting mechanism that is important for evolutionary adaptation to changes in environment. We report here that Sap1, an essential DNA-binding protein, plays an important role in Tf1 integration. A mutation in Sap1 resulted in a 10-fold drop in Tf1 transposition, and measures of transposon intermediates support the argument that the defect occurred in the process of integration. Published ChIP-Seq data on Sap1 binding combined with high-density maps of Tf1 integration that measure independent insertions at single-nucleotide positions show that 73.4% of all integration occurs at genomic sequences bound by Sap1. This represents high selectivity because Sap1 binds just 6.8% of the genome. A genome-wide analysis of promoter sequences revealed that Sap1 binding and amounts of integration correlate strongly. More important, an alignment of the DNA-binding motif of Sap1 revealed integration clustered on both sides of the motif and showed high levels specifically at positions +19 and −9. These data indicate that Sap1 contributes to the efficiency and position of Tf1 integration.
ABO/Rh Blood Groups and Risk of HIV Infection and Hepatitis B among Blood Donors of Abidjan, Côte D’Ivoire
Authors: Siransy Liliane Kouabla , Nanga Zizendorf Yves , Zaba Flore Sandrine , Tufa Nyasenu Yawo , Dasse Sery Romuald 
Published: September 2015

Hepatitis B and HIV infection are two viral infections that represent real global public health problems. In order to improve their management, some hypotheses suggest that genetic predispositions like ABO and Rh blood groups would influence the occurrence of these diseases.
The aim of the present study was to examine the association between ABO and Rhesus blood groups and the susceptibility to HIV infection and hepatitis B.
We conducted a cross-sectional and analytical study in a population of voluntary blood donors in the Blood Transfusion Center of Abidjan. All blood donors who donated blood between January and June 2014 were tested for HBs antigen and anti-HIV antibodies (ELISA tests) and were ABO typed.
The total number of examined blood donors during this period was 45,538, of which 0.32% and 8.07% were respectively infected with HIV and hepatitis B virus. O-group donors were more infected than non-O donors.
Our study is an outline concerning the search for a link between ABO and Rh blood groups and hepatitis B and HIV infection. Further studies should be conducted to confirm the interaction between these two infections and contribute to the search for new therapeutic approaches.
Schwerwiegende Komplikationen nach nicht bestimmungsgemäßer Anwendung von Octenidindihydrochlorid
Authors: Kramer M. , Thiel C. , Kaiser S. 
Published: September 2015

ZusammenfassungGegenstand: Vorgestellt werden vier Hunde, bei denen tiefergehende Bissverletzungen mit Octenidindihydrochlorid-haltigen Wundspüllösungen (Octenivet® bzw. Octenisept®) gespült wurden und die in der Folge schwerwiegende lokale Komplikationen entwickelten. Material und Methoden: Retrospektive Auswertung der klinischen Symptomatik, der weiterführenden Diagnostik, der Therapie und des Krankheitsverlaufes. Ergebnisse: Bei vier Hunden traten nach Anwendung von Octenidindihydrochlorid-haltigen Wundspüllösungen hochgradige Gewebsnekrosen und persistierende Ödeme auf. Die klinische Symptomatik entspricht in der Humanmedizin beschriebenen Krankheitsverläufen. Die Therapie gestaltet sich langwierig und kann durch sekundäre Wundinfektionen kompliziert werden. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die Spülung von tieferen Wunden, insbesondere von Bissverletzungen, mit Octenidindihydrochlorid ohne Abflussmöglichkeit der Lösung kann zu persistierenden Ödemen, Entzündungsreaktionen und Gewebsnekrosen führen. Die nicht bestimmungsgemäße Anwendung von Octenidindihydrochlorid zur Wundspülung muss in der Veterinärmedizin vermieden werden.
Afatinib in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring Uncommon EGFR Mutations Pretreated With Reversible EGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Heigener David F. , Schumann Christian , Sebastian Martin , Sadjadian Parvis , Stehle Ingo , Märten Angela , Lüers Anne , Griesinger Frank , Scheffler Matthias ,   for the Afatinib Compassionate Use Consortium (ACUC)
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Background.
Afatinib, an irreversible ErbB family blocker, is approved for treatment of patients with previously untreated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Efficacy of afatinib in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor-naïve (TKI-naïve) patients with uncommon EGFR mutations (other than exon 19 deletions or exon 21 point mutations) has been reported; however, efficacy in TKI-pretreated patients with uncommon EGFR mutations is unknown.

Materials and Methods.
In the afatinib compassionate use program (CUP), patients with advanced or metastatic, histologically confirmed NSCLC progressing after at least one line of chemotherapy and one line of EGFR-TKI treatment were enrolled. Demographic data, mutation type, response rates, time to treatment failure (TTF), and safety in patients harboring uncommon EGFR mutations were reported.

Results.
In 60 patients (63% female, median age 63 years [range: 30–84 years]), a total of 66 uncommon EGFR mutations including 30 T790M mutations were reported (18.4% and 11%, respectively, of known EGFR mutations within the CUP). Most patients (67%) received afatinib as third- or fourth-line treatment. Median TTF was 3.8 months (range: 0.2 to &gt;24.6 months; p = .244) in patients with uncommon mutations compared with 5.1 months (range: 0.1 to &gt;21.1 months) in patients with common mutations (n = 165). Pronounced activity was observed with E709X mutations (TTF &gt;12 months). No new safety signals were detected.

Conclusion.
Afatinib is clinically active and well tolerated in many TKI-pretreated NSCLC patients harboring uncommon EGFR mutations. Compared with results reported in TKI-naïve patients, activity was also indicated in patients with T790M and exon 20 insertion mutations.

Implications for Practice:
This analysis consists of a large database of non-small cell lung cancer patients with uncommon EGFR mutations who were previously treated with reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Although indirectly assessed, the results indicate that patients with uncommon EGFR mutations can derive benefit from treatment with the irreversible ErbB family blocker afatinib, even in some cases of tumors harboring resistance-mediating exon 20 mutations. In this study, adverse events were modest and consistent with previous reports on afatinib.