bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Tale of Three Spectra: Basic Symptoms in Clinical-High-Risk of Psychosis Vary Across Autism Spectrum Disorder, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, and Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Martin James C , Clark Scott R , Hartmann Simon , Schubert K Oliver 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
The clinical-high-risk (CHR) approach was developed to prevent psychosis through the detection of psychosis risk. CHR services are transdiagnostic in nature, therefore the appropriate management of comorbidity is a central part of care. Differential diagnosis is particularly challenging across 3 common comorbidities, schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Phenomenological research indicates a disturbance of “basic self” may differentiate between these commonly comorbid disorders and can be captured by Huber’s basic symptoms (BS) concept. We investigated whether BS vary across these disorders and may inform differential diagnosis in young person’s meeting CHR criteria.

Study Design
A total of 685 participants meeting CHR criteria from the NAPLS-3 cohort completed the COGDIS items of the schizophrenia proneness instrument, a measure of BS, as well as the structured interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). A logistic regression model was used to investigate the variation of COGDIS across SPD, ASD, and BPD, while controlling for age and SIPs positive severity.

Study Results
Meeting COGDIS criteria was positively associated with SPD (OR = 1.72, CI = [1.31–2.28], P = .001) but not ASD nor BPD.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that “basic self-disturbance” as indicated by COGDIS differs across SPD, ASD, and BPD. COGDIS may be useful to inform the management of comorbidities in CHR services, by providing insight into subtle subjective experiences that may benefit from disorder-specific interventions.
Preoperative Radiographic Predictors of Subsequent Fusion After Lumbar Decompression Surgery
Authors: Lambrechts Mark J. , Heard Jeremy C. , D’Antonio Nicholas D. , Lee Yunsoo , Narayanan Rajkishen , Ezeonu Teeto , Breyer Garrett , Paulik John , Somers Sydney , Labarbiera Anthony J. , Canseco Jose A. , Kurd Mark F. , Kaye Ian D. , Hilibrand Alan S. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Kepler Christopher K. 
Published: July 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
The purpose of this study is to determine which demographic, surgical, and radiographic preoperative characteristics are most associated with the need for subsequent fusion after decompression lumbar spinal surgery.

Summary of Background Data.
There is a relatively high rate of the need for repeat decompression or fusion after an index decompression procedure for degenerative spine disease. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of literature identifying risk factors for lumbar fusion following decompression surgery

Methods.
Patients 18 years or older receiving a primary lumbar decompression surgery within the levels of L3–S1 between 2011 and 2020 were identified. All patients had preoperative radiographs and 2 years of follow-up data. Chart review was performed for surgical characteristics and demographics. The sagittal parameters included lumbar lordosis (LL), segmental lordosis (SL), anterior disk height (aDH), posterior disk height (pDH), sacral slope (SS), and pelvic tilt (PT). Pelvic incidence (PI=PT+SS) and pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis (PI−LL) were calculated. In addition, the Roussouly classification was determined for each patient. Bivariant and multivariant analyses were performed.

Results.
Of the 363 patients identified in this study, 96 patients had a fusion after their index decompression surgery. Multivariable analysis identified involvement of L4–L5 level in the decompression [odds ratio (OR)=1.83 (1.09–3.14), P=0.026], increased L5–S1 segmental lordosis [OR=1.08 (1.03–1.13), P=0.001], decreased SS [OR=0.96 (0.93–0.99), P=0.023], and decreased endplate obliquity [OR=0.88 (0.77–0.99), P=0.040] as significant independent predictors of fusion after decompression surgery.

Conclusions.
This is one of the first studies to assess preoperative sagittal parameters in conjunction with demographic variables to determine predictors of the need for fusion after index decompression. We demonstrated that decompression at L4–L5, greater L5–S1 segmental lordosis, decreased sacral slope, and decreased endplate obliquity were associated with higher rates of fusion after decompression surgery.
Autologous Tenon’s capsule graft for the management of subfoveal detachment due to myopic paracentral macular break.
Authors: Fernández-Engroba Jorge , Roquet Ester , Tañá-Sanz Pedro , Nadal Bernat , Nadal Jeroni 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To report a novel surgical technique using an autologous Tenon capsule graft (ATG) after vitrectomy for treating paracentral breaks in pathological myopia.

Methods:
A single case report of a patient with incipient subfoveal detachment and a paracentral break. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed, and next, an ATG was harvested and tucked into the break, followed by final air endotamponade.

Results:
After only two days, the ATG effectively plugged the paracentral break and optical coherence tomography demonstrated complete resolution of foveoschisis and subfoveal detachment.

Conclusion:
The ATG plug offers a promising alternative for the management of paracentral breaks in eyes with pathological myopia, especially those refractory or secondary to previous surgeries. Further studies will be necessary to evaluate its long-term outcomes and safety.
The effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on individuals with text neck syndrome: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Kaya Meltem , Ucgun Hikmet , Denizoglu Kulli Hilal 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Text neck syndrome is an overuse condition that has become a global problem for all ages who use smartphones. Although therapeutic approaches are used to manage text neck syndrome, relatively little evidence exists on efficacy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques on individuals with text neck syndrome.

Methods:
Thirty-eight participants with text neck syndrome were randomly allocated to either the experimental or control group. Both groups performed the program including cervical range of motion, strengthening, and posture correction exercises for 6 weeks, 3 days a week, once a day for 10 repetitions. In the experimental group were included in a PNF program 3 days a week for 6 weeks. In the program, contract-relax and replication techniques were used. Pain intensity, cervical range of motion, cervical muscles’ endurance, posture, and disability were assessed. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks.

Results:
Pain intensity, neck muscle endurance tests, posture, and disability scores significantly improved in both groups (P < .05). The cervical range of motion values in all directions were significantly increased only in the experimental group (P < .05). The improvements in pain intensity, neck muscle endurance tests, posture, and disability scores were greater in the experimental group compared with the control group (P < .05).

Conclusion:
PNF could be used effectively to reduce neck pain and disability level and enhance cervical range of motion, cervical muscles’ endurance, and posture in individuals with text neck syndrome.
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Liu Lin , Zhang Ranran , Nie Nana , Wang Dahai , Lin Yi , Gao Zhaisong , Chang Hong 
Published: July 2024

Backgrounds:
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare inflammatory disease.

Objective:
This report aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of CRMO and enhance clinicians’ comprehension. We present 3 atypical cases, highlighting their unique clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and effective treatment strategies.

Methods:
We retrieved 3 CRMO cases in our hospital from September 2019 to August 2022. The clinical features were analyzed retrospectively, and relevant literatures were reviewed.

Results:
All 3 cases initially presented with bone pain, normal leucocyte counts, negative rheumatoid factors and no signs of sclerotic or hyperostotic lesions. Case 1, a 12-year-old girl, exhibited concurrent acne on the forehead and historic necrotizing lymphadenitis, a previously unreported association with CRMO. Case 2, a 14-year-old boy, tested positive for human leukocyte antigen-B27 and displayed scoliosis along with multifocal osteomyelitis. Case 3, a 9-year-old girl, presented with scoliosis, and chest computed tomography revealed changes in the T8 vertebral body, initially suggesting Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Bone biopsy was conducted in case 1 and case 3, revealing chronic inflammation. All 3 cases affected long bones, pelvis, and vertebra, involving 8, 6 and 5 bones, respectively, identified by magnetic resonance imaging. Genetic analysis was undertaken in cases 1 and 2 but no pathogenic mutations were identified. Upon the confirmation of a CRMO diagnosis, all patients were initiated on a treatment regimen comprising nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors. In cases 1 and 2, due to the severity of their bone pain, they were also administered to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, specifically methotrexate. All 3 patients achieved remission of bone pain. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of CRMO, we conducted a thorough review of relevant literature.

Conclusion:
CRMO is a rare autoinflammatory bone disorder with diverse clinical presentations and a lack of specific laboratory tests, which leads to potency to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis. By raising awareness and improving diagnostic criteria, physicians are now better equipped to identify CRMO. We contribute to share our understanding of CRMO by presenting 3 cases with untypical clinical features, highlighting the importance of recognizing this rare condition for timely and effective management.
Rehabilitation report of 2 cases of spinal cord ischemic injury after intra-aortic repair
Authors: Cheng Shu , Li Xuan , Zhang Yufei , Liu Chenxi , Rao Yi , Zhang Yang , Wu Jinlun , Sun Jinwen , Laakso E-Liisa 
Published: July 2024

Rationale:
Spinal cord ischemia injury is a serious complication after intra-aortic surgery, with a low incidence but high disability rate. However, patients often do not receive comprehensive treatment in the early stages of the disease. Therefore, active neurological intervention is needed to protect and prevent spinal cord ischemia during and after surgery. In this paper, rehabilitation program and imaging data of 2 cases with spinal cord ischemic injury are presented and discussed regarding causes, prevention and acute treatment with this disease, which could be referred by clinicians.

Patient concerns:
Case report 1: A 69-year-old male patient underwent aortic arch aneurysm and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (coated stent) was performed under general anesthesia. Complete paralysis of both lower limbs, constipation, and urinary retention occurred after surgery and was subsequently referred to our rehabilitation department. Case report 2: A man aged 41 years experienced sudden chest pain with no dizziness or headache. Weakness of both lower limbs gradually appeared over 30 minutes with subsequent loss of consciousness. He was diagnosed with aortic dissection and underwent aortic stent implantation. Inpatient rehabilitation began systematically 3 months after discharge.

Diagnoses:
The 2 patients were diagnosed with paraplegia and spinal cord ischemic injury.

Interventions:
The patients received strength and transfer training, sensory input, health mission, and activities of daily living.

Outcomes:
Patient 1 returned home without assistive devices and patient 2 returned home with wheelchair.

Lessons:
Perioperative spinal cord protection is directly related to postoperative quality of life. Once the symptoms of spinal cord ischemic injury occur, cerebrospinal fluid drainage should be performed as soon as possible to increase mean arterial pressure. At the same time, methylprednisolone, ganglioside, anticoagulation, vasodilator drugs, and symptomatic supportive treatments are required. Intercostal artery and subclavian artery are reconstructed if necessary. Symptom stability flags referral to commence rehabilitation. Repetitive functional training is necessary to help patients return to the family and society as soon as possible.
Association between high uric acid and the risk of Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jieyu , Zeng Longhai , Bu Lufang , Liao Hairong , Wang Meixiang , Xiong Yan , Cao Fei 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Uric acid, as an important antioxidant substance in human body, has attracted much attention in relation to the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the causal relationship between them is still controversial. We perform a meta-analysis to summarize the available evidence from cohort studies on the association between high uric acid and the risk of PD.

Methods:
We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, and Embase to obtain the Odds Ratio (OR) of high uric acid and PD and pooled the data using RevMan software (v5.4; Cochrane library).

Results:
A total of 18 studies involving more than 840,774 participants were included. Overall, we found a significant association (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.77–0.91) between high uric acid and PD. Subgroup analysis was stratified by gender, indicating more statistically significant protective effects of serum urate in men (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.54–0.81) than that of in women (OR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76–0.98). People under the age of 60 (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.33–0.86) are more likely to benefit from high uric acid than people over age of 60 (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.63–0.86). The resistance of high uric acid to PD in LRRK2 mutation carriers (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.11–0.45) is stronger than that in non-manifesting LRRK2 mutation carriers (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16–0.85). In addition, a dose-response trend of serum urate to reduce PD risk was also observed (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.48–0.93).

Conclusion:
Our study confirms a significant association between high uric acid and the risk of PD, especially in men under 60 years old, and a dose-response trend of uric acid to reduce PD risk was also observed. Furthermore, LRRK2 mutation carriers are more likely to benefit from high uric acid than non-manifesting LRRK2 mutation carriers.
Uncommon Millettia pachycarpa Benth poisoning: A case report
Authors: Long Jiangchao , Huang Yong , Guo Jun 
Published: July 2024

Background:

Millettia pachycarpa Benth, rich in rotenone, can disrupt the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Ingestion may cause respiratory and central nervous system depression, and in severe cases, lead to death. This is the first detailed clinical case report of M. pachycarpa Benth poisoning, aiming to help systematization of diagnosis and treatment.

Patient concerns:
An elderly male who lost consciousness for 3 hours after consuming the fruit of M. pachycarpa Benth. Arterial blood gas analysis indicated a significant decrease in pH, a sharp increase in lactate levels, and elevated CO2 partial pressure with normal O2 partial pressure.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with food intoxication by M. pachycarpa Benth, concomitant with aspiration pneumonia and distributive shock.

Interventions:
The patient was given continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and invasive mechanical ventilation.

Outcomes:
The patient was successfully discharged after 5 days of hospitalization. Follow-up after 2 weeks showed no significant discomfort.

Conclusion:
Isolated CO2 retention without hypoxemia, significantly reduced pH, and markedly elevated lactate levels strongly suggest poisoning by M. pachycarpa Benth. CRRT and invasive mechanical ventilation are beneficial for patients. Early implementation of CRRT to remove toxins and early initiation of assisted ventilation to improve respiratory failure are recommended upon suspicion of the disease.
A phase 2, open-label study of anti-inflammatory NE3107 in patients with dementias
Authors: Haroon Jonathan , Jordan Kaya , Mahdavi Kennedy , Rindner Elisabeth , Becerra Sergio , Surya Jean Rama , Zielinski Margaret , Venkatraman Victoria , Goodenowe Dayan , Hofmeister Kaitlyn , Zhang Jeffrey , Ahlem Clarence , Reading Christopher , Palumbo Joseph , Pourat Bijan , Kuhn Taylor , Jordan Sheldon 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, multifactorial, neurodegenerative disorder affecting >6 million Americans. Chronic, low-grade neuroinflammation, and insulin resistance may drive AD pathogenesis. We explored the neurophysiological and neuropsychological effects of NE3107, an oral, anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing molecule, in AD.

Methods:
In this phase 2, open-label study, 23 patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia received 20-mg oral NE3107 twice daily for 3 months. Primary endpoints assessed changes from baseline in neurophysiological health and oxidative stress (glutathione level) using advanced neuroimaging analyses. Secondary endpoints evaluated changes from baseline in neuropsychological health using cognitive assessments, including the 11-item Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog11), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Clinical Dementia Rating, Quick Dementia Rating Scale, Alzheimer’s Disease Composite Score, and Global Rating of Change (GRC). Exploratory endpoints assessed changes from baseline in neuroinflammation biomarkers (tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-α) and AD (amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau [P-tau]).

Results:
NE3107 was associated with clinician-rated improvements in cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity within the brain. In patients with MMSE ≥ 20 (mild cognitive impairment to mild AD; n = 17), NE3107 was associated with directional, but statistically nonsignificant, changes in brain glutathione levels, along with statistically significant improvements in ADAS-Cog11 (P = .017), Clinical Dementia Rating (P = .042), Quick Dementia Rating Scale (P = .002), Alzheimer’s Disease Composite Score (P = .0094), and clinician-rated GRC (P < .001), as well as in cerebrospinal fluid P-tau levels (P = .034) and P-tau:amyloid beta 42 ratio (P = .04). Biomarker analyses also demonstrated directional, but statistically non-significant, changes in plasma TNF-α, consistent with the expected mechanism of NE3107. Importantly, we observed a statistically significant correlation (r = 0.59) between improvements in TNF-α levels and ADAS-Cog11 scores (P = .026) in patients with baseline MMSE ≥ 20.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that in this study NE3107 was associated with what appear to be positive neurophysiological and neuropsychological findings, as well as evidence of improvement in biomarkers associated with neuroinflammation and AD in patients diagnosed with dementia. Our findings are consistent with previous preclinical and clinical observations and highlight a central role of neuroinflammation in AD pathogenesis.
Comparison of the postoperative effects of the erector spinae plane block and local infiltration analgesia in patients operated with lumbotomy surgery incision: Randomized clinical study
Authors: Hakimoğlu Sedat , Özdemir Taner , Çömez Mehmet Selim , Urfali Senem , Yildirak Ekrem , Görür Sadik , Turhanoğlu Selim 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Our aim was to observe the effects of local infiltration analgesia (LIA) or erector spinae plane block (ESPB) methods, which we applied preemptively in patients who were scheduled for surgery with a lumbotomy surgical incision and on intraoperative remifentanil consumption, and to compare the postoperative numerical rating scale (NRS), morphine demand, consumption, and pain degrees.

Methods:
Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists I to III patients aged 18 to 75 years who were due to be operated on with a lumbotomy surgical incision were included in the study. The present study was conducted via prospective, randomized controlled, double-blind trials. After the induction of standard anesthesia, LIA was applied to 30 patients and ESPB was applied to 30 patients preemptively. The dose of remifentanil consumed in the intraoperative period was measured, and the hemodynamic parameters were measured every 5 minutes. Morphine bolus treatment with the postoperative patient–controlled analgesia and rescue analgesia with paracetamol were planned for the patients. Postoperative morphine and additional analgesia consumption, NRS, hemodynamic parameters, and complications were recorded for 48 hours.

Results:
There was no difference between the groups in terms of demographic and hemodynamic data. The mean consumption of remifentanil was measured as 455 ± 165.23 µg in the intraoperative ESPB group and 296.67 ± 110.59 µg in the LIA group, and a statistical difference was observed (P = .001). In the postoperative follow-ups, the ESPB group drug consumption and NRS score averages were significantly lower at all times (P = .01; patient-controlled analgesia-morphine, 41.93 ± 14.47 mg vs 57.23 ± 15.5 mg and additional analgesic-paracetamol: 2.1 ± 1.06 vs 4.27 ± 1.14 g). The mean duration of additional analgesic intake of the groups was 10.6 ± 8.1 in the LIA group, while it was 19.33 ± 8.87 in the ESPB group, a significant difference. The patient satisfaction questionnaire was also significantly in favor of ESPB (P = .05).

Conclusions:
In conclusion, it has been shown that the intraoperative LIA method is more effective in terms of remifentanil consumption and in controlling pain in operations performed with a flank incision, but the ESPB method provides longer and more effective pain control in postoperative follow-ups.
Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide therapy for Henoch schonlein purpura nephritis in children: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Di , Liu Tongqiang , Lu Jingkui , Li Xianping , Liu Xiaoming , Xu Wei 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety between glucocorticoids combined with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) versus glucocorticoids combined with cyclophosphamide (CTX) for henoch schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in children.

Methods:
Databases including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database were searched from the inception to April 5th, 2024. Eligible studies comparing glucocorticoids combined with MMF versus glucocorticoids combined with CTX for HSPN in children were included. Data were analyzed using Review Manager Version 5.3.

Results:
Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 4 non-randomized studies involving 675 patients were identified. Compared with CTX therapeutic schedule, MMF therapeutic schedule had a higher complete remission (CR) within the 6 months (OR 1.61, 95%CI 1.16–2.22, P = .004) and CR within the 12 months (OR 1.73, 95%CI 1.00–2.97, P = .05). However, there was no significant difference between MMF and CTX therapeutic schedule concerning total remission (TR) within the 6 months (OR 1.54, 95%CI 0.82–2.92, P = .18) and TR within the 12 months (OR 2.08, 95%CI 0.86–5.01, P = .10). In addition, incidences of gastrointestinal discomfort (OR 0.33, 95%CI 0.19–0.56, P < .0001), liver function injury (OR 0.28, 95%CI 0.09–0.87, P = .03), myelosuppression (OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.06–0.41, P = .0001), alopecia (OR 0.25, 95%CI 0.07–0.91, P = .03) in MMF therapeutic schedule were all lower than CTX therapeutic schedule. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 therapeutic schedules concerning infection (OR 0.90, 95%CI 0.50–1.61, P = .72), rash (OR 0.38, 95%CI 0.07–2.04, P = .26).

Conclusion:
Glucocorticoids combined with MMF had a higher CR and lower incidence of adverse effects compared with glucocorticoids combined with CTX in the treatment of HSPN in children.