bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating bacterial community structures in oil collected from the sea surface and sediment in the northern Gulf of Mexico after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Authors: Liu Zhanfei , Liu Jiqing 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBacterial community structures were evaluated in oil samples using culture‐independent pyrosequencing, including oil mousses collected on sea surface and salt marshes during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and oil deposited in sediments adjacent to the wellhead 1 year after the spill. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Erythrobacter, Rhodovulum, Stappia, and Thalassospira of Alphaproteobacteria were the prevailing groups in the oil mousses, which may relate to high temperatures and strong irradiance in surface Gulf waters. In the mousse collected from the leaves of Spartina alterniflora, Vibrio of Gammaproteobacteria represented 57% of the total operational taxonomic units, suggesting that this indigenous genus is particularly responsive to the oil contamination in salt marshes. The bacterial communities in oil‐contaminated sediments were highly diversified. The relatively high abundance of the Methylococcus, Methylobacter, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Chlorofexi bacteria resembles those found in certain cold‐seep sediments with gas hydrates. Bacterial communities in the overlying water of the oil‐contaminated sediment were dominated by Ralstonia of Betaproteobacteria, which can degrade small aromatics, and Saccharophagus degradans of Gammaproteobacteria, a cellulose degrader, suggesting that overlying water was affected by the oil‐contaminated sediments, possibly due to the dissolution of small aromatics and biosurfactants produced during biodegradation. Overall, these results provided key information needed to evaluate oil degradation in the region and develop future bioremediation strategies.
Clinical factors associated with postoperative complications and the functional outcome in mandibular reconstruction
Authors: Tsuchiya Sunao , Nakatsuka Takashi , Sakuraba Minoru , Kimata Yoshihiro , Sakurai Hiroyuki , Nakagawa Masahiro , Takushima Akihiko 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundFew studies have performed a multiple factor analysis to assess the factors associated with successful mandibular reconstructions in a large number of subjects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional outcome in mandibular reconstruction by means logistic regression analysis.MethodsSince April 2005 to September 2009, 126 patients underwent segmental resection of the mandible for cancer ablation and mandibular reconstruction with free flaps at 6 Japanese institutions. The patients' charts were reviewed retrospectively. Twelve patients were excluded for the reconstruction was with double flaps, or they went under secondary reconstruction. With logistic regression analysis in 114 subjects, we assessed multiple factors influencing postoperative speech intelligibility, feeding ability, and postoperative complications of mandibular reconstruction.ResultsThe use of a reconstruction plate with a soft‐tissue free flap only was showed to have a deleterious effect on postoperative feeding. The strong association in the level of statistical significance between the use of a reconstruction plate with soft‐tissue free flaps only and the occurrences of major complications was indicated. It was also statistically revealed that the postoperative presence of opposing teeth contributed to both speech intelligibility and oral intake.ConclusionsIn our research, osteocutaneous flaps were superior to reconstruction plates with soft‐tissue free flaps regard to the postoperative feeding ability and major complication rate. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 33:337–341, 2013.
Techniques and materials for enhancement of peripheral nerve regeneration: A literature review
Authors: Siemionow Maria , Uygur Safak , Ozturk Can , Siemionow Kris 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPeripheral nerve surgery performed under unfavorable conditions results in increased scar formation and suboptimal clinical outcomes. Providing the operated nerve with a protective barrier, reduces fibrosis and adhesion formation and may lead to improved outcomes. The ideal coverage material should prevent scar and adhesion formation, and maintain nerve gliding during motion. Nerve protection using autologous tissues has shown good results, but shortcomings include donor site morbidity and limited availability. Various types of methods and materials have been used to protect nerves. There are both advantages and disadvantages associated with the various materials and techniques. In this report we summarize currently used protective materials applied for nerve coverage under various surgical conditions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2013.
Development of metabolic syndrome components in adults with a healthy obese phenotype: A 3‐year follow‐up
Authors: Engelsen C. den , Gorter K.J. , Salomé P.L. , Rutten G.E. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjective:There is a lack of data on the progression from a healthy obese phenotype toward an unhealthy obese phenotype and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our aim was to assess the development of MetS 3 years after screening in centrally obese individuals with a healthy obese phenotype and to evaluate the usefulness of repeated screening.Design and Methods:Eighty‐eight individuals (mean age 47 years, 88% female) with central obesity as their only MetS component (ATP III criteria) at baseline screening were re‐evaluated for MetS status after 3 years.Results:At follow‐up, the cardiometabolic risk profile in centrally obese individuals with a healthy phenotype showed a tendency toward deterioration. Thirty‐two percent developed at least one additional MetS component, 7% had developed MetS. Nobody had developed type 2 diabetes. An increased triglyceride level (n = 16) and an increased blood pressure (n = 18) were the components most often present at follow‐up. The people developing additional MetS components had a lower education level compared with the group that preserved the healthy centrally obese phenotype (80 vs. 71% lower educated, P = 0.35). They also had slightly worse baseline levels of the risk factors.Conclusion:The number of centrally obese individuals developing an unhealthy phenotype in this relatively short follow‐up period emphasizes the need for a regular surveillance of cardiometabolic parameters in centrally obese individuals. However, it is questionable whether a repeated screening for type 2 diabetes every 3 years, as recommended by the American Diabetes Association, in this category of patients is appropriate.
Clay‐containing block copolymer nanocomposites with aligned morphology prepared by extrusion
Authors: Carastan Danilo J. , Amurin Leice G. , Craievich Aldo F. , Gonçalves Maria do Carmo , Demarquette Nicole R. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractClay‐containing nanocomposites of polystyrene‐b‐poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐b‐polystyrene (SEBS) copolymers having cylindrical domains were obtained by melt extrusion using a tape die. One type of sample (SEBS‐MA) had maleic anhydride attached to the middle block. Two types of organoclays were added, namely Cloisite20Aand Cloisite30B. Small angle X‐ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the addition of20Aclay toSEBSandSEBS‐MAresulted in nanocomposites with intercalated and partially exfoliated structures, respectively. The addition of30Bclay toSEBSandSEBS‐MApromoted the formation of composites containing relatively large micron‐sized and partially exfoliated clay particles, respectively. OurTEManalysis revealed that clay particles embedded inSEBSare preferably in contact with the polystyrene cylindrical domains, while inSEBS‐MAthey are in contact with the maleated matrix. The extrusion processing promoted alignment of the axes of the polystyrene cylinders along the extrusion direction in all samples, and the basal planes of the clay particles were mostly parallel to the main external surfaces of the extruded tapes. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
1.37 Å Crystal structure of pathogenic factor pectate lyase from Acidovorax citrulli
Authors: Tang Qun , Liu Yan‐Ping , Ren Zheng‐Guang , Yan Xiao‐Xue , Zhang Li‐Qun 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTPectates lyase (Pel) plays an important role in bacteria pathogenicity. The crystal structure of Pel from Acidovorax citrulli (AcPel) has been solved to 1.37 Å resolution. AcPel belongs to the polysaccharide lyase family 1 (PL1), which has a characteristic right‐handed β‐helix fold. AcPel is similar with other Pels in the PL1 family, but also shows some differences at the substrate binding site. Proteins 2013; 81:1485–1490. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Edge‐Selectively Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets
Authors: Chang Dong Wook , Choi Hyun‐Jung , Jeon In‐Yup , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: April 2013

AbstractGraphene, as a single layer of graphite, is currently the focal point of research into condensed matter owing to its promising properties, such as exceptional mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity, large specific surface area, and ultrahigh electron‐transport properties. Therefore, various physical and chemical synthetic procedures to prepare graphene and/or graphene nanoplatelets have been rapidly developed. Specifically, the synthesis of edge‐selectively functionalized graphene (EFG) has been recently reported by using simple and scalable approaches, such as “direct” Friedel‐Crafts acylation reactions in a mild acidic medium and a mechanochemical ball‐milling process. In these approaches, chemical functionalization predominantly take place at the edges of the graphitic layers via the covalent attachment of targeted organic “molecular wedges”. In addition, the distortion of the crystalline structures in the basal plane, which is beneficial for preserving the unique properties of the graphitic framework, can be minimized. In addition, the efficient exfoliation of graphene can be achieved, owing to the strong repulsive forces from the covalently linked wedges and strong shear forces during the reaction. Furthermore, EFG shows promising potential in many useful applications, such as highly conductive large‐area films, metal‐free electrocatalysts for the oxygen‐reduction reaction (ORR), and as additives in composite materials with enhanced properties. Herein, we summarize the recent progress and general aspects of EFG, including synthesis, reaction mechanism, properties, and applications.
Banking regulation in the European union: Some issues and concerns
Authors: Hall Maximilian J.B. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBanking regulation and supervision in the EU today has to be conducted in accordance with the Single Market legislation promulgated by the European Commission. The creation of a European Single Market in financial services, which was provided for in the Treaty of Rome of 1957 and in the Single European Act of July 1987 which revised it, was originally planned for completion by the end of 1992, although the final pieces of the jigsaw were not in place until the beginning of 1996. This article explains what the European Single Market in financial services represents, the rationale for it, and the measures, including the use of legally binding Directives, adopted to deliver it on the banking front. It concludes with a discussion and analysis of some of the issues and concerns which implementation of the Single Market program for banking services has given rise to, with special emphasis being placed on the evolution of minimum capital standards for banks.
A review of discriminant analysis in high dimensions
Authors: Mai Qing 
Published: April 2013

AbstractLinear discriminant analysis (LDA) is among the most classical classification techniques, while it continues to be a popular and important classifier in practice. However, the advancement of science and technology brings the new challenge of high‐dimensional datasets, where the dimension can be in thousands. In such datasets, LDA is inapplicable. Recently, statisticians have devoted many efforts to creating high‐dimensional LDA methods. These methods typically perform variable selection via regularization techniques. Various theoretical results, algorithms, and empirical results support the application of these methods. In this review, we provide a brief description of difficulties in extending LDA and present some successful proposals.WIREs Comput Stat2013, 5:190–197. doi: 10.1002/wics.1257This article is categorized under:Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Clustering and Classification
Osmium‐Nitrosyl Complexes with Glycine, Picolinic Acid, ­L‐Proline and D‐Proline: Synthesis, Structures and Antiproliferative Activity
Authors: Gavriluta Anatolie , Novak Maria , Tommasino Jean Bernard , Meier Samuel M. , Jakupec Michael A. , Luneau Dominique , Arion Vladimir B. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe reactions of [Os(NO)Cl5]2– with glycine (GlyH), picolinic acid (PicoH), L‐proline (L‐ProH) and D‐proline (D‐ProH) afforded four novel complexes of the general formula [Os(NO)Cl3(AA)]–, where AA = Gly, Pico, L‐Pro and D‐Pro, respectively. X‐ray diffraction studies have revealed that in all cases the same isomer type from three theoretically possible, has been isolated, namely mer(Cl), trans(NO, O)‐[Os(NO)Cl3(AA)]–. Spectroscopic and electrochemical properties, behavior in aqueous solution and antiproliferative activity in three human cancer cell lines are also reported.
Platinum(IV) Complexes Featuring Axial (1, 4–13C2)Succinato Ligands – Synthesis, Characterization, and Preliminary ­Investigations in Cancer Cell Lysates
Authors: Banfic Jelena , Adib‐Razavi Mahsa S. , Galanski Mathea Sophia , Keppler Bernhard K. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe chemistry of cytotoxic platinum(II) complexes is more or less restricted to ligand exchange reactions, derivatization of coordinated ligands is cumbersome, and subsequent purification in many cases impossible. Consequently, kinetically more inert platinum(IV) complexes found their way into the development of novel, promising anticancer drugs. Research has focused more and more during the last years on the use of platinum(IV) complexes featuring one or two axial succinato ligands in which one carboxylic acid moiety is available for further derivatization. In order to gain a deeper insight into the mechanism of action, isotopically labeled platinum(IV) complexes with axial (1, 4–13C2)succinato ligands were synthesized and fully characterized by multinuclear (1H, 13C, 15N, and 195Pt) 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy. Especially of note in this context is a long range 1H,13C shift correlation signal detected between the equatorial ammine protons and the axially coordinated carboxylato moiety. Furthermore, their behavior in extracts of SW480 cancer cells was investigated. Preliminary results demonstrate that cisplatin analogs are reduced significantly faster in comparison to carboplatin analogs.
Thiomethyl Substituted Dicopper Complexes: Attempts to Reproduce the Asymmetry of the Active Site from Type 3 Copper Enzymes
Authors: Rammal Wassim , Selmeczi Katalin , Philouze Christian , Saint‐Aman Eric , Pierre Jean‐Louis , Belle Catherine 
Published: April 2013

AbstractTwo new dinucleating phenol‐based ligands (m‐HLSMe and p‐HLSMe) bearing pyridine‐containing pendant arms with a SMe group on one pyridine (meta or para position relative to the pyridine nitrogen atom) have been synthesized. After coordination by two copper(II) ions, the corresponding μ‐phenoxido, μ‐hydroxido dicopper(II) complexes were isolated and characterized by UV/Vis, EPR spectroscopy, single‐crystal X‐ray analysis (for the complex with the SMe substituent at the meta position) and electrochemistry. The presented compounds mimic the active site of type 3 copper enzymes and in particular the distinct environments of the copper ions.Both complexes are active as catalysts for the oxidation of 3, 5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol to the respective quinone. The catalytic properties of the complexes depend on substrate binding, as reflected by the KM values determined for the complexes in presence of 3, 5‐dtbc and are not correlated directly with the redox properties of the dicopper center.
Chelating Agents as Tools for the Treatment of Metal Overload
Authors: Gumienna‐Kontecka Elzbieta , Nurchi Valeria M. , Szebesczyk Agnieszka , Bilska Paulina , Krzywoszynska Karolina , Kozlowski Henryk 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMetal ions poisoning can result from environmental factors, intentional action, or disruption of homeostasis. Although the origin of toxicity may be different, the treatment is similar. Chelation therapy aims to remove the excess of metal ions from tissues to stop further damage of cells. For almost every metal ion, molecules that are able to bind it and remove from the human body are known. Over the years some new chelating agents were discovered and introduced into clinical treatment. In this paper we have focused on typical chelators for metal ions, both essential and toxic for humans. The treatment of poisoning caused by essential metal ions is hard due to the risk of removing them from the biologically relevant molecules (e.g. enzymes). Acute metal ions poisoning is rather rare, so the development of chelators for such cases are historical, but prolonged toxicity of, especially, essential metal ions is extensively studied.
Impact of Preoperative Organ Failures on Survival in Intensive Care Unit Patients with Colectomy
Authors: Sipola Seija , Syrjälä Hannu , Koivukangas Vesa , Laurila Jouko J. , Ohtonen Pasi , Saarnio Juha , Ala‐Kokko Tero I. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative changes in sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, daily norepinephrine (NE) dose, lactate, C‐reactive protein, and white blood cell count among patients with colectomy in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 77 colectomized patients (30 female, 47 male) who were treated in a single tertiary‐level mixed ICU during 2000–2009.ResultsThe underlying conditions leading to colectomy included sepsis (31 patients), cardiovascular operations (21 patients), and fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis (25 patients). The 28‐day mortality was 53.3 % (41/77). Nonsurvivors had significantly higher median values than survivors (p < 0.05) for the following parameters: admission SOFA [10.0 (25th–75th percentile 8.0–13.0) vs. 9.0 (6.5–10.0)], highest SOFA [14.0 (12.0–16.0) vs. 12.5 (9.5–14.5)], operative day lactate level (6.3 vs. 2.2 mmol/L), and NE dose (16.8 vs. 9.3 total mg/day). During the last three preoperative days, significant increases were observed in total SOFA score (p < 0.001) and in cardiovascular (p < 0.001), coagulation (p = 0.017), renal (p < 0.01), and respiratory (p < 0.001) SOFA subscores, without statistically significant differences between nonsurvivors and survivors. Increasing Glasgow Coma Scale score, preoperative lactate level, and NE dose were significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionsIt should be prospectively studied whether preoperatively increasing lactate level and NE dose are surrogate markers for early laparotomy among ICU patents with colitis.
Laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy for biliary atresia
Authors: Yamataka Atsuyuki 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMinimally invasive surgery requires mastery of complex skills and exhaustive knowledge of anatomic variations but the patient benefits from excellent cosmesis, less requirement for analgesia and respiratory support, and a reduced incidence of postoperative morbidity, such as bowel adhesions and incisional hernias. Laparoscopic portoenterostomy is being performed with encouraging results after the open extended portoenterostomy procedure currently performed was revised to more closely resemble the original procedure developed by Kasai in the 1950s. Thus, the risk for damage to micro bile ducts around the porta hepatis is minimized because deep suturing and extensive dissection are eliminated.
Geology, Petrography and Geochemistry of Rhyolite-Hosted Uranium Mineralization at Mohar, Shivpuri District, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Roy Madhupurna , Pandey Pradeep , Bhairam C. L. , Parihar P. S. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract:
In the westernmost part of the Bundelkhand Granitoid Complex (BGC), a mesa structure represents a unique outlier, surrounded by brecciated granite and filled with Vindhyan sedimentary rocks locally known as the Dhala Formation near Mohar village of Shivpuri district, Madhya Pradesh. Uranium mineralisation located in the area is mostly associated with rhyolite of peralkaline to peraluminous in nature, that has a high average uranium concentration (30 ppm). The mineralization is in or adjacent to caldera and is hydrothermal vein-type. Radioactivity is mainly due to coffinite with limited radioactivity due to U-Ti complex, uranium adsorbed in clay and labile uranium along fracture. Coffinite occurs in association with pyrite and chalcopyrite or chlorite with presence of fluorite. Features such as chloritisation, clay formation and sulfide mineralisation manifest hydrothermal alteration. Chemical analysis indicates the aluminous nature of the rock and their high K2O / Na2O (3.81-12.84) ratios are suggestive of predominance of potash feldspar over sodic. The alteration index varies from 49.88-92.40, which, reflects high intensity of hydrothermal alteration. Chlorite-carbonate-pyrite index (CCPI), a measure of the intensity of replacement of sodic feldspars and glass by sericite, chlorite, carbonate, and pyrite associated with hydrothermal alteration proximal to the ore bodies varies from 3.84-49.66. On the basis of core study, geochemistry and mineralogy, it is envisaged that epigenetic hydrothermal solutions were responsible for concentration of uranium as coffinite, radioactive carbonaceous matter and adsorbed uranium phases in rhyolite with sulfide confined to weak planes.
Interpretation of Voids or Buried Pipes using Ground Penetrating Radar Modeling
Authors: Singh K. K. K. , Kumar Indresh , Singh Upendra K. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract:
In coal mines abandoned works or voids at shallow depth, might be a potential hazard and therefore, such areas are considered for redevelopment. As voids and fractures accumulate groundwater which may be hazardous for the mines work. Subsidence, fire, flooding and some other kinds of environmental hazards related to shallow coal works, necessitate for better understanding of voids and their interpretation for Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data. Whereas, in civil engineering, GPR is used for detection of the buried pipe, however, it becomes difficult to differentiate betweem the pipes used for water supply and for electrical cable. In order to better interpretation of voids and buried pipes we present a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solution based on Maxwell’s equations that allows accounting for the frequency dependence of the dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of many near-surface materials. The algorithm and the results presented here, however, offer the perspective to improve some of these inherent problems and thus help to make 2-D structure a more reliable and effective tool for probing the shallow subsurface. Also it is found that the different dispersion mechanisms cause significant amplitude and phase differences, which may be relevant to amplitude variation with offset (AVO) and stratigraphic investigations using Ground Penetrating Radar.