bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible nanoporous tunable electrical double layer biosensors for sweat diagnostics
Authors: Munje Rujuta D. , Muthukumar Sriram , Panneer Selvam Anjan , Prasad Shalini 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAn ultra-sensitive and highly specific electrical double layer (EDL) modulated biosensor, using nanoporous flexible substrates for wearable diagnostics is demonstrated with the detection of the stress biomarker cortisol in synthetic and human sweat. Zinc oxide thin film was used as active region in contact with the liquid i.e. synthetic and human sweat containing the biomolecules. Cortisol detection in sweat was accomplished by measuring and quantifying impedance changes due to modulation of the double layer capacitance within the electrical double layer through the application of a low orthogonally directed alternating current (AC) electric field. The EDL formed at the liquid-semiconductor interface was amplified in the presence of the nanoporous flexible substrate allowing for measuring the changes in the alternating current impedance signal due to the antibody-hormone interactions at diagnostically relevant concentrations. High sensitivity of detection of 1 pg/mL or 2.75 pmol cortisol in synthetic sweat and 1 ng/mL in human sweat is demonstrated with these novel biosensors. Specificity in synthetic sweat was demonstrated using a cytokine IL-1β. Cortisol detection in human sweat was demonstrated over a concentration range from 10–200 ng/mL.
Doxorubicin-poly (ethylene glycol)-alendronate self-assembled micelles for targeted therapy of bone metastatic cancer
Authors: Ye Wei-liang , Zhao Yi-pu , Li Huai-qiu , Na Ren , Li Fei , Mei Qi-bing , Zhao Ming-gao , Zhou Si-yuan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn order to increase the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin (DOX) on bone metastases, a multifunctional micelle was developed by combining pH-sensitive characteristics with bone active targeting capacity. The DOX loaded micelle was self-assembled by using doxorubicin-poly (ethylene glycol)-alendronate (DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN) as an amphiphilic material. The size and drug loading of DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle was 114 nm and 24.3%. In pH 5.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the micelle released DOX significantly faster than in pH 7.4 PBS. In addition, with the increase of incubation time, more red DOX fluorescence was observed in tumor cells and trafficked from cytoplasm to nucleus. The IC50 of DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle on A549 cells was obviously lower than that of free DOX in 48 h. Furthermore, the in vivo image experimental results indicated that a larger amount of DOX was accumulated in the bone metastatic tumor tissue after DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle was intravenously administered, which was confirmed by histological analysis. Finally, DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle effectively delayed the tumor growth, decreased the bone loss and reduced the cardiac toxicity in tumor-bearing nude mice as compared with free DOX. In conclusion, DOX loaded DOX-hyd-PEG-ALN micelle had potential in treating bone metastatic tumor.
Inhibition of Beta-Amyloid Fibrillation by Luminescent Iridium(III) Complex Probes
Authors: Lu Lihua , Zhong Hai-Jing , Wang Modi , Ho See-Lok , Li Hung-Wing , Leung Chung-Hang , Ma Dik-Lung 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe report herein the application of kinetically inert luminescent iridium(III) complexes as dual inhibitors and probes of beta-amyloid fibrillogenesis. These iridium(III) complexes inhibited Aβ1–40 peptide aggregation in vitro and protected against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. Furthermore, the complexes differentiated between the aggregated and unaggregated forms of Aβ1–40 peptide on the basis of their emission response.
Robustness of cell cycle control and flexible orders of signaling events
Authors: Zhu Hao , Mao Yanlan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe highly robust control of cell cycles in eukaryotes enables cells to undergo strictly ordered G1/S/G2/M phases and respond adaptively to regulatory signals; however the nature of the robustness remains obscure. Specifically, it is unclear whether events of signaling should be strictly ordered and whether some events are more robust than others. To quantitatively address the two questions, we have developed a novel cell cycle model upon experimental observations. It contains positive and negative E2F proteins and two Cdk inhibitors and is parameterized, for the first time, to generate not only oscillating protein concentrations but also periodic signaling events. Events and their orders reconstructed under varied conditions indicate that proteolysis of cyclins and Cdk complexes by APC and Skp2 occurs highly robustly in a strict order, but many other events are either dispensable or can occur in flexible orders. These results suggest that strictly ordered proteolytic events are essential for irreversible cell cycle progression and the robustness of cell cycles copes with flexible orders of signaling events and unveil a new and important dimension to the robustness of cell cycle control in particular and to biological signaling in general.
Proposal for a Domain Wall Nano-Oscillator driven by Non-uniform Spin Currents
Authors: Sharma Sanchar , Muralidharan Bhaskaran , Tulapurkar Ashwin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe propose a new mechanism and a related device concept for a robust, magnetic field tunable radio-frequency (rf) oscillator using the self oscillation of a magnetic domain wall subject to a uniform static magnetic field and a spatially non-uniform vertical dc spin current. The self oscillation of the domain wall is created as it translates periodically between two unstable positions, one being in the region where both the dc spin current and the magnetic field are present and the other, being where only the magnetic field is present. The vertical dc spin current pushes it away from one unstable position while the magnetic field pushes it away from the other. We show that such oscillations are stable under noise and can exhibit a quality factor of over 1000. A domain wall under dynamic translation, not only being a source for rich physics, is also a promising candidate for advancements in nanoelectronics with the actively researched racetrack memory architecture, digital and analog switching paradigms as candidate examples. Devising a stable rf oscillator using a domain wall is hence another step towards the realization of an all domain wall logic scheme.
Mode-resolved frequency comb interferometry for high-accuracy long distance measurement
Authors: van den Berg Steven. A. , van Eldik Sjoerd , Bhattacharya Nandini 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOptical frequency combs have developed into powerful tools for distance metrology. In this paper we demonstrate absolute long distance measurement using a single femtosecond frequency comb laser as a multi-wavelength source. By applying a high-resolution spectrometer based on a virtually imaged phased array, the frequency comb modes are resolved spectrally to the level of an individual mode. Having the frequency comb stabilized against an atomic clock, thousands of accurately known wavelengths are available for interferometry. From the spectrally resolved output of a Michelson interferometer a distance is derived. The presented measurement method combines spectral interferometry, white light interferometry and multi-wavelength interferometry in a single scheme. Comparison with a fringe counting laser interferometer shows an agreement within <10−8 for a distance of 50 m.
Logical error rate in the Pauli twirling approximation
Authors: Katabarwa Amara , Geller Michael R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe performance of error correction protocols are necessary for understanding the operation of potential quantum computers, but this requires physical error models that can be simulated efficiently with classical computers. The Gottesmann-Knill theorem guarantees a class of such error models. Of these, one of the simplest is the Pauli twirling approximation (PTA), which is obtained by twirling an arbitrary completely positive error channel over the Pauli basis, resulting in a Pauli channel. In this work, we test the PTA’s accuracy at predicting the logical error rate by simulating the 5-qubit code using a 9-qubit circuit with realistic decoherence and unitary gate errors. We find evidence for good agreement with exact simulation, with the PTA overestimating the logical error rate by a factor of 2 to 3. Our results suggest that the PTA is a reliable predictor of the logical error rate, at least for low-distance codes.
Phase diagrams of dune shape and orientation depending on sand availability
Authors: Gao Xin , Narteau Clément , Rozier Olivier , du Pont Sylvain Courrech 
Published: September 2015

AbstractNew evidence indicates that sand availability does not only control dune type but also the underlying dune growth mechanism and the subsequent dune orientation. Here we numerically investigate the development of bedforms in bidirectional wind regimes for two different conditions of sand availability: an erodible sand bed or a localized sand source on a non-erodible ground. These two conditions of sand availability are associated with two independent dune growth mechanisms and, for both of them, we present the complete phase diagrams of dune shape and orientation. On an erodible sand bed, linear dunes are observed over the entire parameter space. Then, the divergence angle and the transport ratio between the two winds control dune orientation and dynamics. For a localized sand source, different dune morphologies are observed depending on the wind regime. There are systematic transitions in dune shape from barchans to linear dunes extending away from the localized sand source and vice-versa. These transitions are captured fairly by a new dimensionless parameter, which compares the ability of winds to build the dune topography in the two modes of dune orientation.
Electronic Topological Transition in Ag2Te at High-pressure
Authors: Zhang Yuhang , Li Yan , Ma Yanmei , Li Yuwei , Li Guanghui , Shao Xuecheng , Wang Hui , Cui Tian , Wang Xin , Zhu Pinwen 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRecently, Ag2Te was experimentally confirmed to be a 3D topological insulator (TI) at ambient pressure. However, the high-pressure behaviors and properties of Ag2Te were rarely reported. Here, a pressure-induced electronic topological transition (ETT) is firstly found in Ag2Te at 1.8 GPa. Before ETT, the positive pressure coefficient of bulk band-gap, which is firstly found in TIs family, is found by both first-principle calculations and in situ high-pressure resistivity measurements. The electrical resistivity obtained at room temperature shows a maximum at 1.8 GPa, which is nearly 3.3 times to that at ambient pressure. This result indicates that the best bulk insulating character and topological nature in Ag2Te can be obtained at this pressure. Furthermore, the high-pressure structural behavior of Ag2Te has been investigated by in situ high-pressure synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction technique up to 33.0 GPa. The accurate pressure-induced phase transition sequence is firstly determined as P21/c → Cmca → Pnma. It is worth noting that the reported isostructural P21/c phase is not existed and the reported structure of Cmca phase is corrected by CALYPSO methodology. The second high-pressure structure, a long puzzle to previous reports, is determined as Pnma phase. A pressure-induced metallization in Ag2Te is confirmed by the results of temperature-dependent resistivity measurements.
Doppler Audio Signal Analysis as an Additional Tool in Evaluation of Umbilical Artery Circulation
Authors: Thuring Ann , Källén Karin , Brännström K. , Jansson Tomas , Maršál Karel 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the predictive capacity of a new method for sound spectrum analysis of Doppler signals recorded from the umbilical artery in high-risk pregnancies.
Material and Methods The retrospective study comprised 127 pregnant women with various pregnancy complications between 23 and 39 gestational weeks. Umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveforms were recorded with Doppler ultrasound and characterized by pulsatility index (PI) and blood flow class (BFC). Doppler audio signals were stored on a digital video recorder and the sound frequency at the energy level 15 dB below its peak (MAXpeak-15 dB) was estimated off-line. The prediction of probability for composite adverse pregnancy outcome (operative delivery for fetal distress, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, perinatal death) was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.
Results With increasing umbilical artery BFC, the MAXpeak-15 dB frequencies decreased (p < 0.0001) and the PI increased (p < 0.0001). The ROC AUCs for adverse outcome for MAXpeak-15 dB and for PI were 0.842 and 0.836 (p = 0.88), respectively. For the combination of MAXpeak-15 dB and PI, the corresponding AUC was 0.894, significantly higher than that of PI (p < 0.03) and of MAXpeak-15 dB (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Umbilical artery Doppler sound spectrum analysis might be a useful supplement to PI in the clinical evaluation of fetoplacental circulation.
CD8 T-cell recognition of acquired alloantigen promotes acute allograft rejection
Authors: Harper Simon J. F. , Ali Jason M. , Wlodek Elizabeth , Negus Marg C. , Harper Ines G. , Chhabra Manu , Qureshi M. Saeed , Mallik Mekhola , Bolton Eleanor , Bradley J. Andrew , Pettigrew Gavin J. 
Published: September 2015

SignificanceCytotoxic CD8 T-cell responses against mismatched MHC class I alloantigen are the principal arm of the cellular response against a transplanted organ. How CD4 T cells deliver essential help for development of these cytotoxic responses remains unclear. Here we show that recipient dendritic cells present acquired MHC alloantigen both as intact protein, for recognition by cytotoxic CD8 T cells, and as processed allopeptide, for recognition by helper CD4 T cells. Our findings suggest a mechanism by which help is provided for generating effector cytotoxic CD8 T-cell alloresponses at late time points after transplantation and solve a long-standing conundrum as to why host lymphoid tissue is required for CD8 T-cell allorecognition of graft parenchymal cells.
Requirement of full TCR repertoire for regulatory T cells to maintain intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Nishio Junko , Baba Minato , Atarashi Koji , Tanoue Takeshi , Negishi Hideo , Yanai Hideyuki , Habu Sonoko , Hori Shohei , Honda Kenya , Taniguchi Tadatsugu 
Published: September 2015

Significance
In mammals, both T and B lymphocytes possess a large repertoire of antigen receptors. Although this repertoire is critical for coping with potentially any foreign antigen the immune system encounters, it may also be critical to maintain peripheral tolerance by a subset of T cells, termed regulatory T cells. Using mutant mice expressing a restricted T-cell receptor repertoire, we show that the development of spontaneous colitis, a T-helper type 17 cell-mediated inflammation driven by gut microbiota, is accompanied by a paucity of peripherally derived regulatory T cells and hyperactivation of migratory dendritic cells. Our study reveals a new facet of the full T-cell receptor repertoire requirement in intestinal homeostasis.
Quantified abundance of magnetofossils at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary from synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy
Authors: Wang Huapei , Wang Jun , Chen-Wiegart Yu-chen Karen , Kent Dennis V. 
Published: September 2015

SignificanceThe Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) is an abrupt global warming event that occurred at about 55.8 Ma and is closely linked to a large carbon isotope excursion. What caused the PETM is unresolved. An unusual abundance of single-domain magnetite particles in PETM sediments on the Atlantic Coastal Plain might represent condensates from a comet impact. Alternatively, the magnetic nanoparticles may be of biogenic origin. We are now able to quantify the concentration of those magnetic grains that are distinctly of biogenic origin using synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy. These and related findings allow us to exclude magnetofossils as a significant source of magnetization of the PETM sediments and point to an impact condensate origin of the magnetite particles.
In competition with ISI: the perceptions of chief editors of Malaysian local journals
Authors: BODAGHI Nahid Bayat , SANNI S.A. , ZAINAB A.N. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTUniversities have had to develop new strategies to raise their profile in the international marketplace. In Malaysia, as in many other nations, publication in ISI‐ranked journals is a crucial factor. This focus is causing a strain on national journals that suffer from a lack of content, institutional support, and national recognition. This paper presents data about Malaysian journal publishing and the study questioned editors in chief of Malaysian journals to obtain opinions of the problems they encounter and possible solutions. Data were collected through interviews. The participants in the study highlighted four main issues that resulted in a weak publishing environment: institutional reputation building (academic reputation), researcher prestige/image building, lack of focus on local journal issues by legislators, and a weak publishing culture. The article concludes that the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education should pay attention to national initiatives in countries such as India and Australia that recognize national journals and reward researchers for publishing in them.
Book editors in the social sciences and humanities: an analysis of publication and collaboration patterns of established researchers in Flanders
Authors: OSSENBLOK Truyken L.B. , GUNS Raf , THELWALL Mike 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTBook editors in the social sciences and humanities play an important role in their fields but little is known about their typical publication and collaboration patterns. To partially fill this gap, we compare Flemish editors and other researchers, in terms of career stage, productivity, publication types, publications with domestic and international collaboration as well as the number of (international or all) unique co‐authors, co‐editors and associated book chapter authors. The results show that editors are mostly established researchers, especially in the social sciences, produce more book chapters and monographs than do other researchers, and are more productive. Nevertheless, editors collaborate less than do other researchers, both in terms of publications and in number of co‐authors. Including book chapter authors in the editors' collaboration networks makes those networks substantially larger, demonstrating that editors do not mainly call upon authors from their existing collaboration network when choosing book chapter authors in the edited books. Finally, editors seem to co‐author with their book chapter authors slightly more often after the publication of the edited book than before.
On shifting sands: assessing the financial sustainability of UK learned societies
Authors: JOHNSON Rob , FOSCI Mattia 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThis article provides a quantitative assessment of the extent to which UK learned societies rely on publishing revenues. Drawing on work completed as part of a Universities UK project to monitor the transition to open access in the United Kingdom, it considers the risks that increased market consolidation and a shift to open access publishing present for societies' financial sustainability in the coming years. The project identified 279 UK societies that publish peer‐reviewed publications. It is estimated that publishing accounts for just over £300 million, or 26%, of these societies' overall revenues of £1.2 billion, but an in‐depth analysis of 30 societies found that the proportion is as high as 80% in some cases. Publishing is typically a profitable activity for societies, and thereby supports their charitable activities and makes an important contribution to their overall financial sustainability. Although most societies are presently in good financial health, the combined pressures of market consolidation and open access, coupled with early indications of an increase in the costs of publishing, suggests that their reliance on publishing could prove an uncertain foundation in the years to come.
Data exchange standards to support and acknowledge peer‐review activity
Authors: PAGLIONE Laura Dorival , LAWRENCE Rebecca Naomi 
Published: September 2015

Key points
Peer review is used to evaluate research, including publications, scientific awards, and grant proposals, and there is a continuum of at least six approaches to review from completely closed, double‐blind review to fully‐open and citable peer review.
It is getting harder to find suitable experts to serve as reviewers so publishers and others are experimenting with methods to incentivize researcher participation, with a growing interest in enabling citation of peer‐review activity as a component.
A Working Group on Peer Review Service, facilitated by CASRAI, was created to develop a data model and citation standard for peer‐review activity that can be used to support both existing and new review models.
Standardized citation structures for reviews can enable the inclusion of peer‐review activity in personal recognition and evaluation, as well the ability to refer to reviews as part of the scholarly literature.
Open access — the rise and fall of a community‐driven model of scientific communication
Authors: SCHÖPFEL Joachim 
Published: September 2015

Key points
In 25 years, open access has become a significant part of scientific communication, but its success story should not conceal a fundamental change of its nature.
Open access started at the grassroots, as a bottom‐up, community‐driven model of open journals and repositories but today the driving forces are commercial, institutional, and political interests.
The fall of open access as a community‐driven model is running the risk of becoming dysfunctional for scientists and may create new barriers and digital divides.
Presence of competitors influences photosynthesis, but not growth, of the hard coral Porites cylindrica at elevated seawater CO2
Authors: Brien H. V. , Watson S.-A. , Hoogenboom M. O. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Changes in environmental conditions, such as those caused by elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), potentially alter the outcome of competitive interactions between species. This study aimed to understand how elevated CO2 could influence competitive interactions between hard and soft corals, by investigating growth and photosynthetic activity of Porites cylindrica (a hard coral) under elevated CO2 and in the presence of another hard coral and two soft coral competitors. Corals were collected from reefs around Orpheus and Pelorus Islands on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. They were then exposed to elevated pCO2 for 4 weeks with two CO2 treatments: intermediate (pCO2 648) and high (pCO2 1003) compared with a control (unmanipulated seawater) treatment (pCO2 358). Porites cylindrica growth did not vary among pCO2 treatments, regardless of the presence and type of competitors, nor was the growth of another hard coral species, Acropora cerealis, affected by pCO2 treatment. Photosynthetic rates of P. cylindrica were sensitive to variations in pCO2, and varied between the side of the fragment facing the competitors vs. the side facing away from the competitor. However, variation in photosynthetic rates depended on pCO2 treatment, competitor identity, and whether the photosynthetic yields were measured as maximum or effective photosynthetic yield. This study suggests that elevated CO2 may impair photosynthetic activity, but not growth, of a hard coral under competition and confirms the hypothesis that soft corals are generally resistant to elevated CO2. Overall, our results indicate that shifts in the species composition in coral communities as a result of elevated CO2 could be more strongly related to the individual tolerance of different species rather than a result of competitive interactions between species.