bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient outcomes following traumatic fracture of the femoral shaft. Does surgical approach influence outcomes?
Authors: Gosling C , Richardson M , Brown G , Hau R , Pirpiris M , Edwards E 
Published: October 2012

Background and AimLower limb fractures are often associated with poorer patient outcomes. The aim was to describe the 12-month outcomes of bony union, complication rates, health related quality of life (HRQL) and pain following femoral shaft fractures in a trauma registry based cohort.MethodsData for all patients with an ICD-10 injury code for femur, below the level of neck, admitted between May 2005 and June 2009 were obtained from the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry (VOTOR) database. Data were collected at baseline (patient, injury, x-ray and hospital record details) and 12-months (bony union, complications, pain and HRQL—short form-12 (SF-12) summary scores for physical and mental component summary (PCS-12, MCS-12).Results417 femoral shaft fractures (AO-32) were identified in 403 patients (70% male; average (SD) age=37.6(20.6) years). Transport crashes were the most common cause of injury (66%). Simple femoral fractures (51%) were the most common type. Most patients underwent fixation using an antegrade femoral nailing approach (62%). Fracture union was confirmed in 231 patients (average time: 196.5 days), although 45% and 12% demonstrated non-union at 6 and 12-months respectively. 23% of the reviewed cases underwent further femoral surgical intervention including implant exchange, dynamisation and/or bone grafting. There was no association between fixation approach and pain or bone union. The antegrade group had better 12-month physical function scores (PCS-12) (p<0.001).SignificanceThe high rate of delayed union, and the requirement for further surgical intervention in this registry based cohort warrants further investigation in the real world environment.
Thirty day outcomes of severe injuries in patients presenting to the emergency departments of two public tertiary care hospitals in Sindh Pakistan
Authors: Razzak J. , Kalhoro S. 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundPost traumatic mortality and morbidity (PTM&M) is different between different designated hospitals so studies should be done to assess the difference in PTM&M between similar designated hospitalsObjectivesTo assess the difference in the rate of death and disability at 30-days among patients aged ≥14–80 years with history of severe injuries presenting at ER of two public tertiary care hospitals in Sindh Pakistan. To identify risk factors for death and disability due to severe injuries among patients aged ≥14–80 year presenting to the ER of two public tertiary care hospitals in Sindh Pakistan.MethodologyStudy design: longitudinal cohortSample size: 390 eligible participantsStudy follow-up: 30 daysStudy site: civil hospital Karachi and HyderabadData collection tools: Baseline Questionnaire and SF 36 for disabilityStatistical analysis: Rate ratio, rate difference and logistic regressionResultsBy taking Hyderabad as reference, there was no significant difference in incidence rate of mortality (rate ratio 1.12 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.63)) (rate difference 14 (−33, 61)), incidence rate of physical disability (rate ratio 1.01 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.51)) (rate difference 0.88 (−44, 46)) and incidence rate of mental disability (rate ratio 0.69 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.21)) (rate difference −220 (95% CI −556 to 115)) injury severity, patients attended by paramedics as compared to doctors in the ER and delay to receive general management were associated with mortality. Lower extremity injury and higher hospital stay were associated with worse disability.ConclusionIncidence rates of mortality and disability were not different between two tertiary care settings but overall incidence rate of death and disability was higher in severely injured
Orthopaedic surgical treatment delays: communication gaps between the surgical team and patients
Authors: Ifesanya AO 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundDelay in surgical treatment is often a reason for poor outcome in patients. An understanding of the causes of treatment delays is important in improving services.ObjectivesWe reviewed factors responsible for delay in carrying out planned operative orthopaedic procedures and disparities in perception between the surgical team and patients/relations on the causes of the delay.MethodsA questionnaire was administered to all patients who underwent operative orthopaedic procedures at our hospital. Dates decisions to operate were taken, operation dates, diagnoses and reasons for delaying surgeries from the point of view of the operating team and the patient were documented.Results161 patients were recruited. There were 83 males, mean age was 34.2±19.2 years. One hundred and twenty-four were emergencies. Twenty-five had comorbidities. The delay before the operative procedures was 18.1±36.8 days (8.9±22.4 days for emergencies; 51.1±57.1 days for electives; t=-6.261; p=0.001). Fifty percent of emergencies were operated on within 72 h, 84% within the first week; the figures were 13% and 23% respectively for electives. Lack of theatre space was the commonest cause of delay followed by lack of funds for treatment. There was full concordance between doctors and patients in only 71% regarding the causes of the delay and this was lower in the emergency group. There is significant delay before operative orthopaedic treatments in our facility.SignificanceThere is a need for better communication between doctors and patients/relatives about delays in surgical treatment. Theatre facilities should be expanded and efficiency of service delivery improved.
Effectiveness of trauma fast track in Hhon Kaen regional hospital
Authors: Impool T 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundTrauma audit shown that delayed operative surgery was the most important problem for mortality rate in trauma patients.ObjectivesTo compare timing from emergency room (ER) to operative room (OR) and mortality rate of injured patients with penetrated torso or active vascular injury with shock after trauma fast track (TFT) was established in our hospital.MethodsProspective, descriptive study, we enrolled the patients who had indication for TFT into study. Data was analysed from June 2010 to May 2012. The mortality rate and timing from ER to OR were compared to previous data for 2 years ago.Results35 injured patients were indicated for TFT. 17 injuries (48.57%) were transferred by referral system. Of these, 26 injuries (74.29%) were penetrated with shock, nine injuries (25.71%) had active vascular injury with shock. 13 injuries (37.14%) were dead, six injuries died at ER and seven injuries died at post-operative period. All of dead case had probability of survival (Ps) less than <0.75. 18 injuries (62.07%) of operative group were transfer from ER to OR within 30 min.SignificanceAfter we used the TFT, we found that injured patients had undergone surgery earlier and mortality rate was deceased. In the future, this system may be applied in blunt injured patients or other injuries with exactly indicated for surgery, especially the injured patients of road traffic injury that was major problem in Thailand.
An epidemiologic profile of trauma patients admitted to maputo central hospital, maputo-mozambique
Authors: Mahoque R , Cliff J , Lynch C , Wright D , Click L , Sasser S , Macleod J 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundIn Mozambique, the magnitude of trauma and violence has increased in recent years with traffic crashes as the leading cause of traumatic death.ObjectiveIs to describe the epidemiological profile of trauma patients hospitalised in the Maputo Central Hospital (HCM), Mozambique.MethodsDescriptive cross-sectional study of injured patients admitted to HCM in 35-day period of study.ResultsInjury was frequent in males (65%) 15–34 years old. Traffic accidents were the main cause of injury (39%) with pedestrians most affected, followed by falls (23%) and burns (20%). Majority of falls (64%) occurred over 45 years. Majority of burn victims were under 5 years caused by hot liquid. More than half patients arrived in the hospital in a private car and only 26% received first-aid in lower health facilities, prior to arrival at the hospital. The traffic injured patients required in average 5 days of hospitalisation, while burned required an average of 10 days.ConclusionsInjured patients are primarily men aged 15–34. Road traffic injuries, falls and burns dominate the admitted injuries. Road traffic injured patients were primarily pedestrians. Burns have the highest average length of stay affecting mainly patients under five years of age.SignificanceTo contribute for national health system strengthening plan and monitory.
Demonstrating the need for injury prevention services in an urban community
Authors: Shields W , Frattaroli S , McDonald E , Gielen A 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundInjuries from burns, scalds and carbon monoxide (CO) remain serious hazards in urban environments internationally. In preparation for a community intervention, trial baseline data was collected from a sample of homes in 12 census tracts to establish comparability between communities.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo report on baseline knowledge and observed safety behaviours for fire, scald and CO in a large urban sample.MethodsPairs of data collectors visited a random sample of homes in 12 census tracts. Residents completed an interview administered survey. The survey consisted of demographic data, knowledge and observed safety behaviours. Following the survey, data collectors tested the temperature of the hot water and all CO and smoke alarms.Results/OutcomeData were collected from 603 homes between July and December 2009. A majority of respondents were African American (61%), female (70%), between the ages of 25 and 54 (66%), and had a high school education or less (51%). A majority of respondents (74%) reported a per capita income of US$25 000 or less and (52%) reported renting their home. Children (<18) lived in 40% of households. A minority of households (40%) had working smoke alarms on every level, or a working CO alarm (28%). A majority of households (57%) of the households had safe (<120 F) hot water temperatures. Knowledge scores were varied across topics areas.Significance/Contribution to the FieldThe study demonstrate the need for continued efforts to promote live saving injury prevention counter measures such as smoke alarms and CO alarms as well as the need for testing hot water temperatures in our urban environment.
Partnering to prevent fire injury at the community level: triumphs and challenges from the front lines
Authors: Frattaroli S , McDonald E , Jones V , Shields W , Gielen A 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundCommunity-based interventions are a recognised approach to fire prevention because such an approach aims to achieve population level changes and is not limited to high-risk groups or individuals. Community-based work involves partnerships, often with multiple partners—yet the literature offers little guidance about how to develop and maintain effective partnerships.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo describe individuals' experiences as part of a diverse research-practice partnership that was active over several years and oversaw a community trial of a home visit smoke alarm distribution programme. To identify lessons to inform future partnered research.MethodsWe conducted a series of semistructured key informant interviews with partners in the Johns Hopkins Home Safety Study (JHHSS).Results/OutcomesBetween July 2011 and January 2012 we conducted 12 interviews with the JHHSS partners. We were unable to interview one individual who changed jobs at the end of the project. Interviewees attributed the importance of fire and concordance between the partnership's mission and their own organisational priorities as central to their participation. They also cited the strong administrative arm of the partnership as a factor in their continued participation, but emphasised that same infrastructure could have been more proactive in disseminating information among the partnership and engaging the community. Interviewees cited high staff turnover and selection of communities based on statistical, rather than neighbourhood criteria as reasons for some of these challenges.Significance/Contribution to the FieldUnderstanding how to develop and maintain diverse partnerships is a key component of effective community-based intervention work.
Identifying residences at increased risk of experiencing an unintentional house fire incident, death or injury
Authors: Turner SL , Rodgers SE , Lyons RA 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundAlthough a large body of literature exists for individual-level risk factors associated with fire-related death and injury; few studies have explored household-level risk factors, or distinguished risk factors for different house fire outcomes.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo use anonymised routinely collected records, to identify distinguishing household-level risk factors for experiencing an accidental house fire incident, death or injury.MethodsA household-level, matched case-control study. Case households were identified using Fire and Rescue Service (FRS) records, and matched to control households, on fire date and FRS region. The Secure Anonymised Information Linkage databank, which holds anonymised routinely collected demographic, health, education and environment records; will be used to identify household-level predictor variables. Logistic regression and classification and regression tree analysis will be used to identify risk factors.Results/Outcomes7027 case households were matched to 351 350 control households. Residents were identified using the Welsh Demographic Service; a dataset containing details of all individuals registered with a General Practice. Household level predictor variables to be investigated: household demographics, property characteristics, area level deprivation, number of residents who smoke, have mental health conditions, special education needs, special medical requirements and limited mobility. Subanalyses will explore risk factors associated with different house fire outcomes.Significance/Contribution to the FieldThis study is one of the first to use anonymised routinely collected records, on a large scale, to identify household-level risk factors for experiencing an unintentional house fire. These findings will help the FRS to target home fire safety interventions more effectively.
Analysis of child injury surveillance in Tongzhou district of Beijing from 2006 to 2010
Authors: Shao C , Jia W , Chang X 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundNow, in China, injury has been become the leading cause of death of children aged 0–14 instead of malnutrition and infectious diseases. Each year, it is estimated that at least 10 million children have been harmed by the various injuries, 100 000 children death and 400 000 children disabled.ObjectiveTo study the status of child injure in Tongzhou district of Beijing for providing scientific basis on injury prevention and control.MethodsInjury surveillance data of three hospitals in Tongzhou district from 2006 to 2010 were collected and analysed.ResultsA total of 4855 child injury cases were collected, including 3177 boys (65.42%) and 1679 girls (34.58%). The most frequent time of injury occurrence was June and July in 1 year, and at 10:00 in 1 day. The five main causes of injury were falls (37.72%), animal injury (29.26%), blunt injury (12.68%), non-motor vehicle accident (6.45%) and knife/sharp injury (6.22%). The majority of injuries happened in home (49.42%), schools (25.58%), roads (14.68%), public places (6.49%) and sport facilities (1.69%). Upper limbs (35.61%), lower limbs (32.33%) and heads (23.54%) were injured more frequently than other parts of the body. The most of the injuries are unintentional, minor injuries.SignificanceIt is suggested to take intervention programmes against different child injuries and increase the publicity of injury in families and schools to improve the supervision of parents and the whole society.
Injuries among children in China: results from national injury surveillance system, 2010
Authors: Wang Y , Duan LL 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundInjury is the first death cause of children aged 1–17 in China, and among the first 10 death causes in this population, there are five different types of injuries.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo describe the characteristics of injuries among children aged 0–18 in China.MethodsData collected from China National Injury Surveillance System that based on emergency and outpatient department of 127 sentinel hospitals around the whole country in 2010 were analysed. Mechanism, intent, nature, severity and outcome of injury, as well as local where injury occurred, activity while injury occurred, and primary body part affected were summarised.Results/OutcomesAll 92% of the injuries were unintentional. The first three causes of injuries among children aged 0–18 were falling, road traffic injury (RTI) and blunt injury, which caused more than 75% of the injuries. More than half of the injuries happened at home or on the highway/street. All 65% of the injuries were happened during recreational activities. And 48% of the cases were bruises or abrasions. More than 86% of the injuries affected head, upper or lower trunk. All 98% of the injuries were mild or moderate, and 85% of the injuries were healed.Significance/Contribution to the FieldIt's necessary to have a good understanding of the characteristics of child injuries for child injury prevention, such as the determination of the emphasis, the arrangement of the resources, as well as the development of preventive policy and measurement.
Understanding road traffic injuries and prevention measures for children in rural Bangladesh: a qualitative study of community members' views
Authors: Baset MK , Towner E , Noor T , Rahman A , Chowdhury RA , Islam M , Rahman AKMF 
Published: October 2012

IntroductionRoad traffic injury (RTI) was the second leading cause of injury mortality and fourth leading of injury morbidity in Bangladesh. For both mortality and morbidity most the vulnerable age group was 5–9 years.ObjectivesTo gain an in-depth understanding of people's perception of causes and their concepts of prevention of childhood RTIs in rural Bangladesh.MethodFocus Group Discussions were conducted with seven groups: mothers and fathers of children aged 5–12 years; adolescents; students and non-school going children aged 6–12 years, teachers and local leaders. Out of 79 participants 40 were female. The study was conducted in Raiganj rural community in Bangladesh.ResultsMost respondents considered that children, aged 5–10 years are at risk of road traffic injuries in rural community, with school going boys being particularly vulnerable. Most of the RTIs were reported to occur on school journey particularly returning home. Key sources of risk identified by participants included: risk taking behaviour, poor supervision, lack of road skills, untrained drivers, unauthorised vehicles, and poorly implemented traffic law. Preventive interventions suggested included supervision, training in road skills, law enforcement by government, increase awareness in the community, and improvement of the road infrastructure.ConclusionsCommunity people could identify the causes of childhood RTIs and suggest ways of preventing them; but knowledge is not translated into preventative actions. Appropriate community based intervention programmes need to be multi-facet and include practical road safety education for children.
A study on road safety features and awareness in selected schools in Vellore
Authors:   Road safety group, John O , John SM , Bose A 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundRoad traffic injuries are the commonest and second leading cause of death in the 15–19 and 5–14 years age group, respectively.AimRoad safety of school children is a poorly addressed issue in India. Safety features near schools and awareness among students were assessed in schools in Vellore.MethodologyA school transport safety checklist was prepared based on robust recommendations. A questionnaire was administered to 146 Year nine students, aged 13–17 years. Six schools were selected by convenience sampling.ResultsNone of the schools had speed breakers, traffic redistribution arrangements, pedestrian crossings or median islands. 66.67% had no school zone board or traffic lights at intersections near the school. Eighty-seven of 146 questionnaire respondents were boys. About 22–25% of students reported having either collided with, or been involved in a crash with a two-wheeler in the previous month. A total of 49% of the two-wheeler users rode motorised vehicles to school, despite being under-age for licence. None of the cyclists wore helmets. Only 16% students could not identify even one of four common road signs.SignificanceFindings revealed near non-existent safety features near schools and inadequate awareness regarding road safety among students. A phased school safety plan should be planned in consultation with civil authorities. These findings could represent the situation in other parts of India.
Using social media to get our child injury prevention messages out there
Authors: Carter W 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundSafekids New Zealand uses our national series of ‘Safekids Campaign’ Workshops, our www.safekids.org.nz website, media releases/work with media, print advertising, resources and quarterly newsletterSafekids Newsto disseminate our unintentional child injury prevention messages PLUS we now use the social media: our YouTube channel, the www.MySafekids.org.nz video and audio website, Twitter—handle @Safekidsnz, and ourCoalition Updatee-newsletter.Aims/Objectives/PurposeWe strive to get our evidence-based unintentional child injury prevention messages out into a world full of contradictory information and advice. What does the social media revolution mean for unintentional child injury prevention? Web 2.0 applications and developments give us new opportunities to get our messages seen, heard and understood. The new keywords are: Social-Mobile-Location and Global.MethodsThis poster presentation will briefly describe some examples of how we currently work with social media.Results/OutcomesWe believe in the idea that science(including injury prevention science)is not just for scientists—basing our work on reliable evidence is a reflection of the Enlightenment beliefs that: some data are better than other data, some theories are better than other theories and thatknowledge sets us free. The extremely dynamic and fast-changing world of social media helps us reach new audiences in new ways with this knowledge. What are the emerging challenges to us getting our injury prevention messages ‘out there’? What are the new opportunities for us to take advantage of? (Twitpic, Pinterest, ‘social discovery’ and other new apps?)