bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Final Impressions and Prescriptions for Fixed Prosthodontics
Authors: Mahmood Riham N , Abu-bakr Neamat H , Sanhouri Nada M , Ibrahim Yahia E 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of final impressions and prescriptions for fixed restorations that were received by private and educational institute's laboratories in Sudan.

Materials and methods
Two hundred and seventeen questionnaires were distributed to eight private laboratories and seven dental schools in Sudan. The questionnaires were filled by the dental technicians and who were trained and instructed to complete one questionnaire per one final impression for fixed restoration immediately after it was received.

Results
Total response rate was 87%; the responding technicians had found evidence of obvious contamination in 23.8% of the examined impressions; blood was clear in 68.9% of these cases. Metal stock trays were used in 57.1% of the examined sample. About two-third of the impressions had been taken using condensation silicone (64.6%). Poor or no written instructions were observed in half of the sample (n = 103).

Conclusion
According to results of this study there was widespread use of inappropriate impression materials; the cross-infection control of sent impressions was below standard and there were poor prescriptions and communications with laboratory technicians in Sudan.

How to cite this article
Mahmood RN, Abu-bakr NH, Sanhouri NM, Ibrahim YE. Quality of Final Impressions and Prescriptions for Fixed Prosthodontics. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(3):87-91.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Patient with Avulsed Anterior Teeth
Authors: Tuncel Ilkin , Kilic Gulcin 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Anterior dental avulsion developed after trauma have a special importance, because besides causing lose of function or poor esthetics seen, they may also lead to psychological problems in patient life. To overcome the lack of teeth, there are many prosthetic treatment options. Fiber-assisted resin bridges are the most conservative one among these options. In this case report, prosthetic rehabilitation with fiber-reinforced composite bridge and follow-up period of a patient with post-traumatic teeth avulsion is described.

How to cite this article
Tuncel I, Kilic G. Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Patient with Avulsed Anterior Teeth. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(3):111-114.
Effect of 6 Weeks of Preseason Concurrent Muscular Strength and Plyometric Training in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Shenoy Shweta , Singh Amrinder , Kulkarni Kartik , Sandhu Jaspal 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of combined strength and plyometric training with soccer training alone on strength and power-related measurements in professional soccer players. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: group EG (n = 14) performed heavy resistance and plyometric training thrice a week during 6 weeks training period in addition to 6-8 soccer sessions per week; group CG (n = 14) performed 6-8 soccer sessions a week. EG significantly increased (p < 0.05) ball shooting speed and agility but showed no changes in body mass. Within-subject improvement was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the EG compared with the CG for vertical jump height, 10 and 30 m sprint times, distances covered in the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test. Plyometric can be concurrently performed with high load muscular strength training to enhance soccer players’ explosive performances.

How to cite this article
Singh A, Kulkarni K, Shenoy S, Sandhu J. Effect of 6 Weeks of Preseason Concurrent Muscular Strength and Plyometric Training in Professional Soccer Players. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2014;48(1):27-32.
Sentidos e implicações da gestão universitária para os gestores universitários
Authors: Gomes Osmailda da Fonseca , Gomide Tainá Rodrigues , Gomes Maria Ângela do Nascimento , Araujo Djair Cesario de , Martins Simone , Faroni Walmer 
Published: January 2014

Este estudo objetivou compreender os significados e as implicações da gestão universitária para os gestores universitários da alta administração de uma universidade federal de Minas Gerais. Como objetivo específico verificou a concepção de gestão para o gestor universitário e Identificou a implicação da gestão na vida pessoal e profissional do gestor universitário. O método utilizado na coleta de dados foi a historia oral e evocação de palavras por meio de entrevistas, na analise fez-se uso da analise de conteúdo. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para a concepção de gestão universitária formada desde a docência até a aprendizagem dos gestores nos cargos administrativos. Quanto a implicação na vida profissional identificou o melhora aquisição de liderança, prazer em poder contribuir para comunidade acadêmica e melhora na habilidade gerencial e a diminuição do contato com área de atuação.Nas implicações na vida pessoal identificou ganho com a valorização do ser humano e melhor gerenciamento de conflitos na vida pessoal. Como perda identificou-se menos tempo para família, lazer, férias, menos atividades físicas corroborando para uma péssima saúde e aumento do stress. Conclui-se que há muito a se melhorado na gestão de uma universidade, visto sua complexidade na fusão de cargos docentes com administrativos.
Propuesta para el uso exclusivo de la tasa interna de retorno modificada en la toma de decisión de proyectos industriales de inversión
Authors: Medina J.R. , Romero R.L , Pérez G.A. 
Published: January 2014

La TIR (tasa interna de retorno) es el método de evaluación de rentabilidad de proyectos de inversión mejor conocido. Esta tasa interna de retorno representa, en la interpretación tradicional de las tasas de interés, a la tasa de interés ganada por una inversión alternativa sobre el saldo no recuperado de una inversión. Sin embargo, cuando se presenta una inconsistencia, basada en la aparición de raíces múltiples, se acude a la Tasa Interna de Retorno Modificada (TIRM) para aportar una definición a la toma de decisiones. El trabajo sostiene que este método de la TIRM puede ser utilizado siempre en la toma de decisiones económicas financieras, porque conceptualmente utiliza valores en sus variables de decisión, mucho más cercanos a los que operan en el mercado y en el conocimiento de quién toma la decisión, involucrando en su resultado el que se puede obtener con los métodos tradicionales, en el caso que estos se aplican con solvencia. Aún, este método se comprobará es efectivo en el caso de proyectos de inversión con diferentes horizontes de planificación. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/nexo.v26i2.1287 Nexo Revista Científica Vol. 26, No. 02, pp. 83-87/Diciembre 2013
Design of Neural Network Control System for Controlling Trajectory of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Eski İkbal , Yildirim SCahin 
Published: January 2014

A neural network based robust control system design for the trajectory of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) is presented in this paper. Two types of control structure were used to control prescribed trajectories of an AUV. The vehicle was tested with random disturbances while taxiing under water. The results of the simulation showed that the proposed neural network based robust control system has superior performance in adapting to large random disturbances such as underwater flow. It is proved that this kind of neural predictor could be used in real-time AUV applications.
Correlations between Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Epidermal Growth Factor and Leptin in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Cuihong  Song  , Jie  Liao  , Zihui  Deng  , Jinying  Zhang  , Hui  Xue  , Yongming  Li  , Chen Liang  , Ming Han  , Jianhua Li  , Guangtao Yan  
Published: January 2014

Objectives:Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and leptin have been reported to be intimately intertwined in lung carcinogenesis.However, few studies have simultaneously examined these proteins in lung cancer and whether a correlation exist among them remains unclear. Here, we compared the levels of CEA, EGF and leptin in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and controls and evaluated the possible associations among them. Methods:97 patients ranged from 30 to 83 years of age were studied. Serum CEA, EGF and leptin levels were determined following a standard protocol. The relationships between these proteins and clinicopathological factors were evaluated by Wilcoxon rank sum or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Spearman rank-correlation were used to determine the correlations among CEA, EGF and leptin. Co-expression of these proteins in NSCLC tissues was examined by immunofluorescence. Results: Serum CEA and leptin levels in NSCLC patients were significantly higher compared to controls (both P = 0.000), but no statistically significant difference was found for EGF. CEA and EGF were not associated with the tumor-related factors, but leptin was strongly correlated with sex (P = 0.005). Significant correlations among these proteins were found when the patients were categorized into subgroups. Co-expresstion of these proteins was significantly enhanced with lung carcinogenesis. Conclusions:CEA, EGF and leptin may interplay and play vital roles in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. Besides CEA, the leptin levels were also significantly higher in NSCLC patients than in controls. Determination of preoperative leptin levels may prove useful for screening and predicting NSCLC.
Bevacizumab in Combination with FOLFIRI in the First-Line Treatment of Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Institution Experience
Authors: Abigail Ruiz de Lobera  , Aitziber Buqué  , Alberto Muñoz  , Sergio Carrera  , Aintzane Sancho  , Itziar Rubio  , Eddy I. Gutierrez  , Mikel Arruti  , Inés Marrodán  , Guillermo López-Vivanco  
Published: January 2014

Introduction: Bevacizumab combined with IFL (irinotecan, bolus 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin) has been shown to improve outcomes for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, infusional 5-fluorouracil-based combinations are now considered optimal in this setting. We analyzed the efficacy and toxicity of FOLFIRI (irinotecan, infusional 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin)-bevacizumab in an unselected cohort of consecutive patients with mCRC. Materials and Methods: Patients with unresectable mCRC received bevacizumab 5 mg/kg and irinotecan 180 mg/m² on day 1, leucovorin 200 mg/m² on days 1 and 2, 5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m² bolus, and 600 mg/m² continuous infusion on days 1 and 2, every 14 days. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety were assessed. Results: Overall, 127 patients were included (69% male, median age 64 years); 15 patients had diabetes, 40 had hypertension, and 23 were undergoing anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy. Median PFS was 11.0 months (95% CI 10.0-12.0); median OS was 26.0 months (95% CI 21.9-30.1). The ORR was 55.1% (95% CI 46.3-63.6%), with 12 complete responses, 58 partial responses, and 44 patients with stable disease. Salvage surgery was performed in 31 patients (24%), including 23 with liver metastases and one with lung metastases. Grade 3/4 toxicities included neutropenia (17%), vomiting (6%), and diarrhea (17%); grade 3/4 bevacizumab-related toxicities included hypertension (2%), hemorrhage (2%), and venous (7%) and arterial thromboembolic events (5%). Conclusion: FOLFIRI-bevacizumab was active and tolerable in this cohort of unselected patients with mCRC, resulting in a high surgical rescue rate and prolonged survival.
La iluminación en el videojuego. Aproximación a las claves que guían las interacciones del jugador en los entornos tridimensionales lúdicos.
Authors: Ruiz Marta Fernández 
Published: January 2014

Si bien los videojuegos actuales se caracterizan en su mayoría por su gran riqueza visual (texturas en alta definición, iluminación dinámica, etc), ésta no siempre tiene un fin meramente estético o decorativo, sino que puede adoptar un papel funcional al guiar visualmente al jugador en las diferentes interacciones que debe realizar en el juego. El propósito de este trabajo es explorar el papel la iluminación como recurso expresivo empleado para condicionar los movimientos y las acciones del jugador en los videojuegos. De acuerdo a ello, se ha desarrollado un análisis de contenido sobre una muestra de videojuegos comerciales actuales. El trabajo concluye con una descripción de las principales propiedades de la luz empleadas en el videojuego como forma de facilitar al jugador el acceso interactivo en los entornos tridimensionales.
Wind‐blown sandstones cemented by sulfate and clay minerals in Gale Crater, Mars
Authors: Milliken R. E. , Ewing R. C. , Fischer W. W. , Hurowitz J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractGale Crater contains Mount Sharp, a ~5 km thick stratigraphic record of Mars' early environmental history. The strata comprising Mount Sharp are believed to be sedimentary in origin, but the specific depositional environments recorded by the rocks remain speculative. We present orbital evidence for the occurrence of eolian sandstones within Gale Crater and the lower reaches of Mount Sharp, including preservation of wind‐blown sand dune topography in sedimentary strata—a phenomenon that is rare on Earth and typically associated with stabilization, rapid sedimentation, transgression, and submergence of the land surface. The preserved bedforms in Gale are associated with clay minerals and elsewhere accompanied by typical dune cross stratification marked by bounding surfaces whose lateral equivalents contain sulfate salts. These observations extend the range of possible habitable environments that may be recorded within Gale Crater and provide hypotheses that can be tested in situ by the Curiosity rover payload.
REPAD: An empirical model of pitch angle distributions for energetic electrons in the Earth's outer radiation belt
Authors: Chen Yue , Friedel Reiner H. W. , Henderson Michael G. , Claudepierre Seth G. , Morley Steven K. , Spence Harlan E. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe have recently conducted a statistical survey on pitch angle distributions of energetic electrons trapped in the Earth's outer radiation belt, and a new empirical model was developed based upon survey results. This model—relativistic electron pitch angle distribution (REPAD)—aims to present statistical pictures of electron equatorial pitch angle distributions, instead of the absolute flux levels, as a function of energy, L shell, magnetic local time, and magnetic activity. To quantify and facilitate this statistical survey, we use Legendre polynomials to fit long‐term in situ directional fluxes observed near the magnetic equator from three missions: CRRES, Polar, and LANL‐97A. As the first of this kind of model, REPAD covers the whole outer belt region, providing not only the mean and median pitch angle distributions in the area but also error estimates of the average distributions. Preliminary verification and validation results demonstrate the reliable performance of this model. Usage of REPAD is mainly to predict the full pitch angle distribution of fluxes along a given magnetic field line, or even on a given drift shell, based upon one single unidirectional or omnidirectional flux measurement anywhere on that field line. This can be particularly useful for data assimilation, which usually has large tolerance on data errors. In addition, relatively small variations in pitch angle distributions measured at L shell between ~ 4 and 5 justify the assumption of fixed pitch angle distributions at GPS equatorial crossings (L ~ 4.2) used in our previous studies.
Opposite effects of absorbing aerosols on the retrievals of cloud optical depth from spaceborne and ground‐based measurements
Authors: Li Zhanqing , Zhao Fengsheng , Liu Jianjun , Jiang Mengjiao , Zhao Chuanfeng , Cribb Maureen 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAbsorbing aerosols above or within cloud layers have drawn much attention in recent years due to substantially enhanced absorption of solar radiation that may affect reflection at the top of the atmosphere. The retrieval of cloud properties is usually conducted without any regard to aerosols. This study illustrates that retrievals of cloud optical depth (τc) from spaceborne and ground‐based sensors are both affected by such aerosols and lead to opposite biases. A ground‐based retrieval algorithm is developed for the simultaneous retrieval of τc and cloud droplet effective radius using spectral irradiance measurements from a multifilter rotating spectroradiometer and liquid water path (LWP) data from a microwave radiometer deployed in China. The algorithm is applied to data acquired from 17 May 2008 to 12 May 2009 at a heavily polluted site in the heart of the Yangtze delta region in China. The ground‐based retrieval of cloud droplet effective radius increases with increasing LWP. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer retrievals tend to overestimate (underestimate) LWP when cloud LWP is less (greater) than about 200 g/m2. Model tests show strong sensitivities to the retrieval of τc from ground and spaceborne sensors under varying absorption, loading, and vertical distribution conditions. For absorbing aerosol mixed with cloud, τc tends to be underestimated from space, but overestimated from the ground, leading to very poor agreement between ground‐based and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer retrievals. Their differences increase with increasing τc. This finding suggests that in a turbid atmosphere with absorbing aerosols, the aerosol effect should be considered, or it would mislead any validation using satellite and ground‐based retrievals.
Three‐Component Reactions of Aromatic Aldehydes and Two Different Nucleophiles and their Leaving Ability‐Determined Downstream Conversions of the Products
Authors: Li Minghao , Taheri Amir , Liu Meng , Sun Shaohuan , Gu Yanlong 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMany three‐component reactions of aromatic aldehydes with activated methylene derivatives and an associated nucleophile have been developed by using L‐proline as the catalyst. Nucleophiles, such as indoles, thiophenols, mercaptans, 2‐methylfuran and benzenesulfinic acid, could be successfully used in the reactions while the activated methylene derivatives can be 1,3‐cyclohexanedione, dimedone, 1,3‐cyclopentanedione, 1‐phenyl‐3‐methyl‐5‐pyrazolone, 4‐hydroxycoumarin, 4,6‐dihydroxy‐2‐mercaptopyrimidine, 4‐hydroxy‐1‐methyl‐2quinolone, 4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2‐pyrone and 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone. Investigation of the downstream utilization of the products from the above multicomponent reactions (MCRs) revealed that selective cleavages of carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bonds in these molecules are indeed possible, which opens an avenue to access some new SN1‐type reactions. Particularly, when the MCR product of an aromatic aldehyde, dimedone and thiophenol was treated with an acid catalyst in the presence of an appropriate nucleophile, cleavage of the carbon‐sulfur bond occurred preferentially, thus providing many complex molecules that cannot be attained by other known methods.magnified image
Biometallorganische Chemie mit IspG und IspH: Struktur, Funktion und Hemmung der an der Isoprenoid‐Biosynthese beteiligten [Fe4S4]‐Proteine
Authors: Wang Weixue , Oldfield Eric 
Published: January 2014

AbstractEnzyme des Methylerythritolphosphat‐Weges sind eine attraktive Angriffsstelle für Antiinfektiva. Die letzten beiden Enzyme dieses Biosyntheseweges, IspG und IspH, sind [Fe4S4]‐Proteine, die über neuartige Mechanismen 2 H+/2 e−‐Reduktionen katalysieren und vom Menschen nicht gebildet werden. In diesem Aufsatz fassen wir aktuelle Fortschritte der strukturellen, mechanistischen und inhibitorischen Studien zu diesen beiden Enzymen zusammen. Insbesondere werden mechanistische Vorschläge mit biometallorganischen Zwischenstufen vorgestellt und mit anderen mechanistischen Möglichkeiten verglichen. Auf Substratanaloga basierende Inhibitoren, die durch rationale Überlegungen und das Screening von Substanzbibliotheken entwickelt wurden, werden diskutiert. Die präsentierten Ergebnisse untermauern die biometallorganischen Katalysemechanismen für IspG und IspH und eröffnen Perspektiven für die Entwicklung von Inhibitoren, die auf [Fe4S4]‐Cluster in Proteinen zielen.
Synthesis of Bis(heteroaryl) Ketones by Removal of Benzylic CHR and CO Groups
Authors: Maji Arun , Rana Sujoy , Akanksha  , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed method for synthesis of diaryl ketones (Ar‐CO‐Ar′) through removal of benzylic ‐CH2‐, ‐CO‐, and ‐CHR‐ groups from Ar‐CO‐CXR‐Ar′ has been discovered. A number of symmetrical and unsymmetrical heterocyclic ketones, which are usually difficult to synthesize, can be prepared in good to excellent yields. This method was applied to the synthesis of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug suprofen (47 % yield over three steps). Based on preliminary mechanistic and kinetic studies, an active Cu/O2 species is proposed to mediate the rearrangement reaction.
Luminescent Materials: Locking π‐Conjugated and Heterocyclic Ligands with Boron(III)
Authors: Frath Denis , Massue Julien , Ulrich Gilles , Ziessel Raymond 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMultidisciplinary research on novel organic luminescent dyes is propelled by potential applications in plastic electronics and biomedical sciences. The construction of sophisticated fluorescent dyes around a tetrahedral boron(III) center is a particular approach that has fueled the creativity of chemists. Success in this enterprise has been readily achieved with simple synthetic protocols, the products of which display unusual spectroscopic behavior. This account is a critical review of recent advances in the field of boron(III) complexes (excluding BODIPYs and acetylacetonate boron complexes) involving species displaying similar coordination features, and we outline their potential development in several disciplines.
Coupling of an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene on Iron with Alkynes to Form η5‐Cyclopentadienyl‐Diimine Ligands
Authors: Hatanaka Tsubasa , Ohki Yasuhiro , Tatsumi Kazuyuki 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA cyclometalated N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand in a half‐sandwich iron complex was found to couple with alkynes, leading to a unique type of ring opening of the carbene ligand and the formation of ferrocenyl–diimine complexes. An intermediary iron complex obtained from the reaction with phenylacetylene reveals that the ring opening follows the formation of a fused heterocycle consisting of an imidazole ring and two alkynes.
Anion‐Controlled Switching of an X Ligand into a Z Ligand: Coordination Non‐innocence of a Stiboranyl Ligand
Authors: Ke Iou‐Sheng , Jones James S. , Gabbaï François P. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe tetravalent platinum stiboranyl complex [(o‐(Ph2P)C6H4)2(o‐C6Cl4O2)Sb]PtCl2Ph (2) has been synthesized by reaction of [(o‐(Ph2P)C6H4)2SbClPh]PtCl (1) with o‐chloranil. In the presence of fluoride anions, the stiboranyl moiety of 2 displays non‐innocent behavior and is readily converted into a fluorostiborane unit. This transformation, which is accompanied by elimination of a chloride ligand from the Pt center, results in the formation of [(o‐(Ph2P)C6H4)2(o‐C6Cl4O2)SbF]PtClPh (3). Structural, spectroscopic, and computational studies show that the conversion of 2 into 3 is accompanied by a cleavage of the covalent PtSb bond present in 2 and formation of a longer and weaker Pt→Sb interaction in 3. These results show that this new Pt–Sb platform supports the fluoride‐induced metamorphosis of a stiboranyl X ligand into a stiborane Z ligand.