bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Player Strategies in the Design of a Hot Hand Game
Authors: Williams Paul , Nesbitt Keith , Eidels Ami , Washburn Mark , Cornforth David 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe user’s strategy and their approach to decisionmaking are two important concerns when designing user-centric software. While decision-making and strategy are key factors in a wide range of business systems from stock market trading to medical diagnosis, in this paper we focus on the role these factors play in a serious computer game. Players may adopt individual strategies when playing a computer game. Furthermore, different approaches to playing the game may impact on the effectiveness of the core mechanics designed into the game play. In this paper we investigate player strategy in relation to two serious games designed for studying the ‘hot hand’. The ‘hot hand’ is an interesting psychological phenomenon originally studied in sports such as basketball. The study of ‘hot hand’ promises to shed further light on cognitive decision-making tasks applicable to domains beyond sport. The ‘hot hand’ suggests that players sometimes display above average performance, get on a hot streak, or develop ‘hot hands’. Although this is a widely held belief, analysis of data in a number of sports has produced mixed findings. While this lack of evidence may indicate belief in the hot hand is a cognitive fallacy, alternate views have suggested that the player’s strategy, confidence, and risk-taking may account for the difficulty of measuring the hot hand. Unfortunately, it is difficult to objectively measure and quantify the amount of risk taking in a sporting contest. Therefore to investigate this phenomenon more closely we developed novel, tailor-made computer games that allow rigorous empirical study of ‘hot hands’. The design of such games has some specific design requirements. The gameplay needs to allow players to perform a sequence of repeated challenges, where they either fail or succeed with about equal likelihood. Importantly the design also needs to allow players to choose a strategy entailing more or less risk in response to their current performance. In this paper we compare two hot hand game designs by collecting empirical data that captures player performance in terms of success and level of difficulty (as gauged by response time). We then use a variety of analytical and visualization techniques to study player strategies in these games. This allows us to detect a key design flaw the first game and validate the design of the second game for use in further studies of the hot hand phenomenon.
Automated Regression Testing within Video Game Development
Authors: Ostrowski Michail , Aroudj Samir 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAutomated testing reduces the costs of software development. We propose a testing model that is specifically designed for the creation and execution of fully automated regression tests within video game development without the need of test isolation. The proposed model combines the usability and veracity of record and playback techniques and the possible test coverage of tests written in a game specific scripting language. The model has an intuitive structure that enables professional video game testers to create meaningful tests by using only a rudimentary set of programming skills within a graphical user interface. The resulting tool establishes a network connection with one or several concurrently running applications under test while the required performance can be distributed between several dedicated computers. The application under test is modified to process incoming function calls and to generate output that is used to dynamically control the course of the tests and to evaluate if the tested application operates within acceptable parameters.
A Study in Multimedia Design Applied to Film Editing to Construct a Multiple Plots Movie
Authors: Chen Wu-Hsiung 
Published: November 2013

AbstractNarrative has lead filmmaking since the first film was made until now. Digital technologies have become increasingly involved in filmmaking but without changing the single plot storytelling model of a filmmaking. The study proposed an intercut design using Multimedia technology to film editing providing multiple and variety plots in one film. The audiences can experience different plot to the film in every watch. The design concept and process are provided. Future development and recommendation are listed for widen the research area.
Sunderland Software City: The Impact of a Collaborative Project to Develop the Software Industry Within the North East of England
Authors: Dunn David , Irons Alastair , Smith Peter , MacIntyre John 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis paper uses a case study approach to evaluate the impact of a collaborative initiative within the North East of England which sets out to grow and sustain a software industry, based on the strengths of regional players. The project Sunderland Software City has the ambitious aim of developing the people, the infrastructure and the business and enterprise culture to create and sustain a software industry. This paper focuses upon the impact of the project, and presents some lessons learned to date.
Continuous Density Hidden Markov Model for Hindi Speech Recognition
Authors: Sinha Shweta , Agrawal S S , Jain Aruna 
Published: November 2013

AbstractState of the art automatic speech recognition system uses Mel frequency cepstral coefficients as feature extractor along with Gaussian mixture model for acoustic modeling but there is no standard value to assign number of mixture component in speech recognition process.Current choice of mixture component is arbitrary with little justification. Also the standard set for European languages can not be used in Hindi speech recognition due to mismatch in database size of the languages.Parameter estimation with too many or few component may inappropriately estimate the mixture model. Therefore, number of mixture is important for initial estimation of expectation maximization process. In this research work, the authors estimate number of Gaussian mixture component for Hindi database based upon the size of vocabulary.Mel frequency cepstral feature and perceptual linear predictive feature along with its extended variations with delta-delta-delta feature have been used to evaluate this number based on optimal recognition score of the system . Comparitive analysis of recognition performance for both the feature extraction methods on medium size Hindi database is also presented in this paper.HLDA has been used as feature reduction technique and also its impact on the recognition score has been highlighted.
Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, hypermobility type: A characterization of the patients' lived experience
Authors: Murray Brittney , Yashar Beverly M. , Uhlmann Wendy R. , Clauw Daniel J. , Petty Elizabeth M. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTHypermobility type Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS‐HT) is an inherited connective tissue disorder clinically diagnosed by the presence of significant joint hypermobility and associated skin manifestations. This article presents a large‐scale study that reports the lived experience of EDS‐HT patients, the broad range of symptoms that individuals with EDS‐HT experience, and the impact these symptoms have on daily functioning. A 237‐item online survey, including validated questions regarding pain and depression, was developed. Four hundred sixty‐six (466) adults (90% female, 52% college or higher degree) with a self‐reported diagnosis of EDS‐HT made in a clinic or hospital were included. The most frequently reported symptoms were joint pain (99%), hypermobility (99%), and limb pain (91%). They also reported a high frequency of other conditions including chronic fatigue (82%), anxiety (73%), depression (69%), and fibromyalgia (42%). Forty‐six percent of respondents reported constant pain often described as aching and tiring/exhausting. Despite multiple interventions and therapies, many individuals (53%) indicated that their diagnosis negatively affected their ability to work or attend school. Our results show that individuals with EDS‐HT can experience a wide array of symptoms and co‐morbid conditions. The degree of constant pain and disability experienced by the majority of EDS‐HT respondents is striking and illustrates the impact this disorder has on quality of life as well as the clinical challenges inherent in managing this complex connective tissue disorder. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Viscoelastic and adhesive properties of single‐component thermo‐resistant acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives
Authors: Lu Xingchen , Cao Gang , Niu Zhengfa , Pan Qinmin 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTPoly(butyl acrylate‐vinyl acetate‐acrylic acid) based acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) were synthesized by solution polymerization for the fabrication of high performance pressure sensitive adhesive tapes. The synthesized PSAs have high shear strength and can be peeled off substrate without residues on the substrate at temperature up to 150°C. The PSAs synthesized in the present work are single‐component crosslinked and they can be used directly once synthesized, which is convenient for real applications compared to commercial multi‐component adhesives. The results demonstrated that the viscosity of the PSAs remained stable during prolonged storage. The effects of the preparation conditions such as initiator concentration, cross‐linker amount, organosiloxane monomer amount and tackifier resin on the polymer properties, such as glass transition temperature (Tg), molecular weight (Mw), surface energy and shear modulus, were studied, and the dependence of the adhesive properties on the polymer properties were also investigated. Crosslinking reactions showed a great improvement in the shear strength at high temperature. The addition of tackifier resin made peel strength increase compared to original PSAs because of the improvement of the adhesion strength. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40086.
Multiresponsive polyanionic microgels with inverse pH responsive behavior by encapsulation of polycationic nanogels
Authors: Knipe Jennifer M. , Chen Frances , Peppas Nicholas A. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIntelligent, stimuli‐responsive hydrogels have great utility in various fields spanning biomedical technology, separations, and catalysis. Their overall response to surrounding fluids may be further tailored to a specific application by incorporation of one or more intelligent responses within one material, known as multiresponsive hydrogels. This is a report on the facile synthesis and characterization of poly(methacrylic acid‐co‐N‐vinylpyrrolidone) microgels encapsulating polycationic nanogels (70–100 nm) to incorporate inverse pH responsive behavior within a single hydrogel. Potentiometric titration and pH swelling studies reveal a swelling response dependent on both pH and crosslinking agent. Additionally, a protein and a small molecule are loaded and released to evaluate the pH‐dependent binding affinity. Such a material could exhibit unique protein‐binding capacity and pH‐responsive behavior for use in separation or drug delivery applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40098.
Historic Shipwreck Study in Dongsha Atoll with Bathymetric LiDAR
Authors: Tian‐Yuan Shih Peter , Chen Ya‐Hsing , Chen Jie‐Chung 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDongsha Atoll is a coral reef located in the South China Sea. The surrounding area is characterized by dangerous shoals. Historic shipwrecks mark past human activities. Due to the shallow water and risky navigational conditions in the area, a sonar survey with platforms on the water surface was not feasible. Airborne bathymetric LiDAR, which utilizes green laser for measurement, however, is a proven convenient method for studying shipwrecks around the atoll, particularly in shallow‐water areas. At a point density of about 3.5 m by 3.5 m, four shipwrecks were identified. The bathymetric measurements allow not only the length of the shipwreck to be estimated, but also its height above the sea floor. The full waveform record of the laser reflection also provided information to separate the wreckage from its surroundings. This provides an excellent working environment for marine archaeological analysis, as not only the location, but also the depth and geomorphological information can be assessed in an integrated setting. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epidemiologic characteristics of birth defects in the Hainan Province from 2000 to 2010, China
Authors: Fan Lichun , Gong Tian , Cao Xia , Du Yukai 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDAlthough the prevalence of congenital malformations is high in China, little information is available on the Hainan Province.METHODSData used in this study were collected from 2000 to 2010 by monitoring newborns (including both live births and stillbirths) in the Hainan Province. Comparison analyses were conducted by performing χ2 tests.RESULTSThe data showed an increasing temporal trend of the birth defect prevalence in the Hainan Province; however, the rate of birth defects changed over time.CONCLUSIONThe Hainan Province is confronted with the challenge to reduce the prevalence of birth defects. Interventions should focus on the rural areas where a higher prevalence of birth defects is observed. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:750–754, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhancement of the helical content and stability induced in a linear oligopeptide by an i, i+4 intramolecularly double stapled, overlapping, bicyclic [31, 22, 5]‐(E)ene motif
Authors: Mazzier Daniela , Peggion Cristina , Toniolo Claudio , Moretto Alessandro 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTTwo consecutive i, i+4 intramolecular, side chain‐to‐side chain, macrocyclizations of different type carried out on a preformed, partially helical peptide result in a largely predominant, double stapled, overlapping, bicyclic [31,22,5]‐(E)ene motif. A detailed ECD and NMR conformational study revealed a significant enhancement of the original helical content and stability, accompanied by an increase of the α‐helix amount over that of the 310‐helix. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 102: 115–123, 2014.
Preorganized Anion Traps for Exploiting Anion–π Interactions: An Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Bretschneider Anne , Andrada Diego M. , Dechert Sebastian , Meyer Steffen , Mata Ricardo A. , Meyer Franc 
Published: November 2013

Abstract1,3‐Bis(pentafluorophenyl‐imino)isoindoline (AF) and 3,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐1,8‐bis(pentafluorophenyl)‐9H‐carbazole (BF) have been designed as preorganized anion receptors that exploit anion–π interactions, and their ability to bind chloride and bromide in various solvents has been evaluated. Both receptors AF and BF are neutral but provide a central NH hydrogen bond that directs the halide anion into a preorganized clamp of the two electron‐deficient appended arenes. Crystal structures of host–guest complexes of AF with DMSO, Cl−, or Br− (AF:DMSO, AF:Cl−, and ${{\rm A}{{{\rm F}\hfill \atop 2\hfill}}}$:Br−) reveal that in all cases the guest is located in the cleft between the perfluorinated flaps, but NMR spectroscopy shows a more complex situation in solution because of E,Z/Z,Z isomerism of the host. In the case of the more rigid receptor BF, Job plots evidence 1:1 complex formation with Cl− and Br−, and association constants up to 960 M−1 have been determined depending on the solvent. Crystal structures of BF and BF:DMSO visualize the distinct preorganization of the host for anion–π interactions. The reference compounds 1,3‐bis(2‐pyrimidylimino)isoindoline (AN) and 3,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐1,8‐diphenyl‐9H‐carbazole (BH), which lack the perfluorinated flaps, do not show any indication of anion binding under the same conditions. A detailed computational analysis of the receptors AF and BF and their host–guest complexes with Cl− or Br− was carried out to quantify the interactions in play. Local correlation methods were applied, allowing for a decomposition of the ring–anion interactions. The latter were found to contribute significantly to the stabilization of these complexes (about half of the total energy). Compounds AF and BF represent rare examples of neutral receptors that are well preorganized for exploiting anion–π interactions, and rare examples of receptors for which the individual contributions to the binding energy have been quantified.
Generation and Spectroscopic Identification of ClCNS, ClNCS and NCCNS
Authors: Krebsz Melinda , Tarczay György , Pasinszki Tibor 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe photolysis of four chloro‐substituted thiadiazoles (3,4‐dichloro‐, 3‐chloro‐ and 3‐chloro‐4‐fluoro‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole; 3,5‐dichloro‐1,2,4‐thiadiazole) and 3,4‐dicyano‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole was investigated in inert solid‐argon matrices at cryogenic temperatures by means of UV irradiation at selected wavelengths of 254 and 280 nm. The photolysis products were identified by mid‐IR and UV spectroscopy. Evidence for the existence of three novel pseudohalides, namely, chloronitrile sulfide (ClCNS), chlorine isothiocyanate (ClNCS) and cyanogen N‐sulfide (NCCNS), was provided by direct spectroscopic methods supported by quantum chemical calculations. Ground‐state geometries, vibrational frequencies, IR intensities, and UV excitation energies of ClCNS, ClNCS and NCCNS were obtained from calculations using the B3LYP, CCSD(T) and SAC‐CI methods and the aug‐cc‐pV(T+d)Z basis set.
Charge Fluctuations and Ethylene‐Group‐Ordering Transition in β′′‐(BEDT‐TTF)4[(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3]⋅Y Molecular Charge‐Transfer Salts
Authors: Olejniczak Iwona , Frąckowiak Arkadiusz , Świetlik Roman , Prokhorova Tatiana G. , Yagubskii Eduard B. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe polarized infrared reflectance and Raman spectra of the three quasi‐two‐dimensional β′′‐(BEDT‐TTF)4[(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3]⋅Y bifunctional charge‐transfer salts, where BEDT‐TTF=bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene and Y=C6H5Br, (C6H5CN)0.17(C6H5Br)0.83, (C6H5CN)0.4(C6H5F)0.6, have been measured as a function of the temperature. Signatures of charge inhomogenity have been found in both Raman and infrared spectra of the β′′‐(BEDT‐TTF)4[(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3]⋅Y superconductors. A 100 K transition to a mixed insulating/metallic state is clearly seen for the first time in the temperature dependence of the electronic spectra of superconducting β′′‐(BEDT‐TTF)4[(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3]⋅C6H5Br. We suggest that this phase transition is due to subtle changes in the ethylene groups ordering, which are related to a structural phase transition in the anionic layer. The infrared and Raman spectra of quasi‐two‐dimensional metal α‐′pseudo‐κ′‐(BEDT‐TTF)4[(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3]C6H4Br2 are also investigated.
Review of CVD Synthesis of Graphene
Authors: Muñoz Roberto , Gómez‐Aleixandre Cristina 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis article presents an overview of the research highlights in graphene synthesis by CVD. The growth mechanisms over transition metals and alloys (with emphasis on Cu and Cu alloys) are discussed, including new developments and experiments in transfer‐free graphene growth on dielectric materials. The focus is on the role of the various synthesis parameters, including the thermodynamic aspects of the chemical process, and the physical, chemical, and morphological properties of the substrate catalyst. The relationships between these parameters, and the properties of the as‐grown graphene are discussed. Some important relationships are reviewed and used to influence the fundamental parameters of, and methods for, the synthesis of high quality graphene.
Surface‐immobilized Gold Nanoparticles by Organometallic CVD on Amine‐terminated Glass Surfaces
Authors: Ertorer Erden , Avery Jessica C. , Pavelka Laura C. , Mittler Silvia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe growth of surface‐immobilized gold nanoparticles with organometallic (OM)CVD on amine‐terminated surfaces, utilizing a (trimethylphospine)methylgold ((CH3)3PAuCH3) precursor is described. Samples fabricated using various deposition times are characterized by UV‐vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Particle stability on the samples is tested by washing and rinsing treatments with various organic solvents. A biotin‐streptavidin scheme is applied to demonstrate the biosensing capabilities of the samples. The size, interparticle distance, and shape of the gold nanoparticles demonstrates that OMCVD is a simple, economic, and fast way of fabricating surface‐bonded and stable gold nanoparticles. The plasmonic properties, the stability of the particles, and the biotin‐streptavidin test show that these OMCVD‐grown gold nanoparticles are suitable for reproducible, low noise, and highly sensitive biosensing applications.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Transformations of Bromhexine into Bioactive Compounds as Glucocerebrosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Sharif Muhammad , Pews‐Davtyan Anahit , Lukas Jan , Schranck Johannes , Langer Peter , Rolfs Arndt , Beller Matthias 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA general synthesis for dicarbonylated derivatives of the parent drug bromhexine is described. By using the commercially available Pd(OAc)2/BuPAd2 (CataCXium A, Ad = adamantyl) catalyst system, the carbonylative arylation, amination, and alkoxylation of bromhexine proceeded with up to 79 % product yield. Selected synthesized derivatives of bromhexine showed improved effects as glucocerebrosidase inhibitors.
Facile Fabrication of Zirconia Modified Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing of Phosphate
Authors: Cheng Wan‐Ling , Chang Jen‐Lin , Su Ya‐Ling , Zen Jyh‐Myng 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe report here a facile method to immobilize zirconia nanoparticles on a disposable screen‐printed carbon electrode (designated as ZrO2‐SPCE) for phosphate sensor application. Simply by ultrasonicating a bare SPCE in a ZrO2 slurry, ZrO2 nanoparticles can be immobilized effectively on the electrode surface as verified by surface characterization evidences. Using ferricyanide as a redox probe, an increase in the charge transfer resistance (Rct) of ferricyanide upon adsorption of phosphate on ZrO2 is used for the determination of phosphate. This ZrO2‐SPCE phosphate sensor shows a wide linear range up to 1 mM and a detection limit of 1.69 µM (S/N=3). Practical applicability of the ZrO2‐SPCE is demonstrated by detecting phosphate content in human blood samples.