bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Représentations et usages sociaux de la musique metal
Authors: Guibert Christophe 
Published: June 2015

Le festival Hellfest, organisé près de Nantes et dédié aux musiques metal (dans son acceptation large), est publiquement et politiquement catégorisé et stigmatisé à l’approche de chaque édition au mois de juin. Si les « entrepreneurs de morale » n’arrivent pas à faire aboutir leurs aspirations, c’est que les ressources sur lesquels s’appuient les organisateurs du festival (capital social et « paix sociale ») d’une part et que les usages sociaux des festivaliers d’autre part, contribuent à maintenir ce type de manifestation dans la sphère du socialement acceptable. L’absence de faits juridiquement déviants, les sens conférés au Hellfest – en particulier la caricature et la « désymbolisation » des symboles catholiques – par les festivaliers puis les propriétés sociales de ces derniers constituent des contre-arguments aux groupes opposés au festival.
Sampling as Political Practice
Authors: Garcia-Solek Hélène 
Published: June 2015

This article seeks to put in perspective Gilberto Gil’s Brazilian cultural policy from 2003 to 2008 as a pioneer attempt to institutionally legitimate musical cultures involving sampling and remix. Mutations brought about by the digital age call for strong reflections upon the concept of “digital culture” enacted for instance in sampling and remix practices, and incarnated in a complex manner by the cultural “glocal” laboratories of underground musical cultures in Brazil. The study of Gil’s policy involves a multifaceted approach mixing music sociology, ethnology, cultural studies, the study of law, policies and of the music industry, in order to clarify the redefinition of musical authorship and intellectual property brought about by musical digital culture along with identifying some challenges for scholars and actors of the musical world for the years to come.
La Monte Young vs The Velvet, Minimalisme vs Punk, savant vs populaire : constructions et déconstructions postmodernes
Authors: Levaux Christophe 
Published: June 2015

La théorie postmoderne a récemment pu pointer l'effondrement de la frontière séparant les cultures savante et populaire. Le Minimalisme et La Monte Young d’une part, le punk et le Velvet Underground d'autre part ont souvent servi d’illustrations de ce nouvel ordre des choses où le dialogue entre des univers autrefois antagonistes s’ouvre enfin. Young, pourtant, n’a pas toujours été un compositeur « savant », et le Velvet Underground n’a été considéré comme un groupe « punk » qu’après sa séparation. C’est en effet au fil de reconstructions opérées par la critique et par la musicologie que ceux-ci ont été cloisonnés au sein d'univers en apparence hermétiques. Et c’est au fil de reconstructions récentes, celles notamment de la « musicologie postmoderne », que ceux-ci ont été réunis sous une même bannière. La confrontation de Young et du Velvet Underground, du minimalisme et du punk dans la littérature critique et musicologique fait ici l'objet d’une investigation portant sur le rôle assumé par celles-ci dans la construction des histoires et des genres respectifs. Cette confrontation plaide en faveur d’une réintroduction des idéologies et des politiques musicologiques dans l’histoire de la musique elle-même.
De l’harmonie éolienne dans les musiques populaires contemporaines
Authors: Björnberg Alf 
Published: June 2015

Cet article examine une forme de pratique harmonique qui tend, depuis quelques années, à se généraliser dans la pop music et dans le rock. Reposant sur des enchaînements d’accords de trois sons élaborés à partir de la gamme éolienne (ou gamme « mineure naturelle »), cette pratique est ici désignée sous le nom d’« harmonie éolienne ». En nous interrogeant sur ses origines, nous verrons qu’elle pourrait découler d’enchaînements d’accords dont les notes fondamentales correspondent à des fragments d’échelles pentatoniques dérivées du blues et de genres apparentés (enchaînements qui sont tout à fait répandus dans le rock et dans la pop depuis les années 1960). Une étude sémantique basée sur les paroles d’un échantillon de chansons de rock et de pop portant la marque de l’harmonie éolienne nous permettra en outre de constater que le champ d’association extra-musical de ces chansons présente une certaine cohérence, en particulier pour ce qui concerne leur sens affectif.
L’identité anglaise dans Dr Dee : An English Opera de Damon Albarn
Authors: Ramialison Ifaliantsoa 
Published: June 2015

Composée par Damon Albarn et présentée dans le cadre des manifestations culturelles organisées autour des Jeux Olympiques de Londres de 2012, Dr Dee : An English Opera est une œuvre qui traite de l’identité anglaise. La place d’Albarn dans le paysage culturel britannique est avant tout liée à ses succès dans la musique populaire, notamment avec le groupe Blur. Fer de lance du mouvement Britpop dans les années 1990, Blur explorait déjà les liens entre musique et identité nationale. L’analyse des référents musicaux et visuels utilisés dans Dr Dee révèle une conception exclusive et conservatrice de l’identité nationale, proche de celle de la Britpop. Ainsi, Dr Dee réfère à une identité historique liée à la période impériale et omet de fait l’apport des migrations postcoloniales. D’un point de vue musical, l’analyse montre que le rock demeure le genre privilégié pour représenter la nation, laissant peu de place à la musique savante ou aux musiques issues des migrations postcoloniales. Paradoxalement, Dr Dee est présenté dans un contexte olympique où l’accent est mis sur une identité nationale multiculturelle. La comparaison avec d’autres projets musicaux d’Albarn révèle des visions contrastées, voire contradictoires de l’anglicité, traduisant le malaise identitaire actuel dans la société britannique.
Inhibition of System Xc− Transporter Attenuates Autoimmune Inflammatory Demyelination
Authors: Evonuk Kirsten S. , Baker Brandi J. , Doyle Ryan E. , Moseley Carson E. , Sestero Christine M. , Johnston Bryce P. , De Sarno Patrizia , Tang Andrew , Gembitsky Igor , Hewett Sandra J. , Weaver Casey T. , Raman Chander , DeSilva Tara M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
T cell infiltration into the CNS is a significant underlying pathogenesis in autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Several lines of evidence suggest that glutamate dysregulation in the CNS is an important consequence of immune cell infiltration in neuroinflammatory demyelinating diseases; yet, the causal link between inflammation and glutamate dysregulation is not well understood. A major source of glutamate release during oxidative stress is the system Xc− transporter; however, this mechanism has not been tested in animal models of autoimmune inflammatory demyelination. We find that pharmacological and genetic inhibition of system Xc− attenuates chronic and relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Remarkably, pharmacological blockade of system Xc− 7 d after induction of EAE attenuated T cell infiltration into the CNS, but not T cell activation in the periphery. Mice harboring a Slc7a11 (xCT) mutation that inactivated system Xc− were resistant to EAE, corroborating a central role for system Xc− in mediating immune cell infiltration. We next examined the role of the system Xc− transporter in the CNS after immune cell infiltration. Pharmacological inhibitors of the system Xc− transporter administered during the first relapse in a SJL animal model of relapsing-remitting EAE abrogated clinical disease, inflammation, and myelin loss. Primary coculture studies demonstrate that myelin-specific CD4+ Th1 cells provoke microglia to release glutamate via the system Xc− transporter, causing excitotoxic death to mature myelin-producing oligodendrocytes. Taken together, these studies support a novel role for the system Xc− transporter in mediating T cell infiltration into the CNS as well as promoting myelin destruction after immune cell infiltration in EAE.
Prevention of Defective Placentation and Pregnancy Loss by Blocking Innate Immune Pathways in a Syngeneic Model of Placental Insufficiency
Authors: Gelber Shari E. , Brent Elyssa , Redecha Patricia , Perino Giorgio , Tomlinson Stephen , Davisson Robin L. , Salmon Jane E. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Defective placentation and subsequent placental insufficiency lead to maternal and fetal adverse pregnancy outcome, but their pathologic mechanisms are unclear, and treatment remains elusive. The mildly hypertensive BPH/5 mouse recapitulates many features of human adverse pregnancy outcome, with pregnancies characterized by fetal loss, growth restriction, abnormal placental development, and defects in maternal decidual arteries. Using this model, we show that recruitment of neutrophils triggered by complement activation at the maternal/fetal interface leads to elevation in local TNF-α levels, reduction of the essential angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor, and, ultimately, abnormal placentation and fetal death. Blockade of complement with inhibitors specifically targeted to sites of complement activation, depletion of neutrophils, or blockade of TNF-α improves spiral artery remodeling and rescues pregnancies. These data underscore the importance of innate immune system activation in the pathogenesis of placental insufficiency and identify novel methods for treatment of pregnancy loss mediated by abnormal placentation.
Langerhans Cells Maintain Local Tissue Tolerance in a Model of Systemic Autoimmune Disease
Authors: King Jennifer K. , Philips Rachael L. , Eriksson Anna U. , Kim Peter J. , Halder Ramesh C. , Lee Delphine J. , Singh Ram Raj 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Systemic autoimmune diseases such as lupus affect multiple organs, usually in a diverse fashion where only certain organs are affected in individual patients. It is unclear whether the “local” immune cells play a role in regulating tissue specificity in relation to disease heterogeneity in systemic autoimmune diseases. In this study, we used skin as a model to determine the role of tissue-resident dendritic cells (DCs) in local and systemic involvement within a systemic lupus disease model. Skin-resident DCs, namely, Langerhans cells (LCs), have been implicated in regulating tolerance or autoimmunity using elegant transgenic models, however, their role in local versus systemic immune regulation is unknown. We demonstrate that although lymphocytes from skin-draining lymph nodes of autoimmune-prone MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr (MRL-lpr) mice react spontaneously to a physiological skin self-Ag desmoglein-3, epicutaneous applications of desmoglein-3 induced tolerance that is dependent on LCs. Inducible ablation of LCs in adult preclinical MRL-lpr and MRL/MpJ-Fas+/+ mice resulted in increased autoantibodies against skin Ags and markedly accelerated lupus dermatitis with increased local macrophage infiltration, but had no effect on systemic autoantibodies such as anti-dsDNA Abs or disease in other organs such as kidneys, lung, and liver. Furthermore, skin-draining lymph nodes of LC-ablated MRL-lpr mice had significantly fewer CD4+ T cells producing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 than LC-intact controls. These results indicate that a skin-resident DC population regulates local tolerance in systemic lupus and emphasize the importance of the local immune milieu in preventing tissue-specific autoimmunity, yet have no effect on systemic autoimmunity.
Circulating Follicular Regulatory T Cells Are Defective in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Dhaeze Tessa , Peelen Evelyn , Hombrouck Anneleen , Peeters Liesbet , Van Wijmeersch Bart , Lemkens Nele , Lemkens Peter , Somers Veerle , Lucas Sophie , Broux Bieke , Stinissen Piet , Hellings Niels 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Follicular regulatory T cells (TFR) have been extensively characterized in mice and participate in germinal center responses by regulating the maturation of B cells and production of (auto)antibodies. We report that circulating TFR are phenotypically distinct from tonsil-derived TFR in humans. They have a lower expression of follicular markers, and display a memory phenotype and lack of high expression of B cell lymphoma 6 and ICOS. However, the suppressive function, expression of regulatory markers, and FOXP3 methylation status of blood TFR is comparable with tonsil-derived TFR. Moreover, we show that circulating TFR frequencies increase after influenza vaccination and correlate with anti-flu Ab responses, indicating a fully functional population. Multiple sclerosis (MS) was used as a model for autoimmune disease to investigate alterations in circulating TFR. MS patients had a significantly lower frequency of circulating TFR compared with healthy control subjects. Furthermore, the circulating TFR compartment of MS patients displayed an increased proportion of Th17-like TFR. Finally, TFR of MS patients had a strongly reduced suppressive function compared with healthy control subjects. We conclude that circulating TFR are a circulating memory population derived from lymphoid resident TFR, making them a valid alternative to investigate alterations in germinal center responses in the context of autoimmune diseases, and TFR impairment is prominent in MS.
Xenophanes of Kolophon
Authors: Lesher J. H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractXenophanes of Kolophon was a poet, performer of epic verse, and philosopher who made significant contributions to early Greek thought. His main interests were the standards for proper conduct at symposia, the measures of personal excellence, erroneous depictions of the gods, the attributes of the one greatest god, the basic substances and forces that order nature, the value of inquiry, and the limits of knowledge. He is best remembered for his criticisms of the stories about the gods told by Homer and Hesiod and his rejection of anthropomorphic conceptions of the divine.
Wine
Authors: Estreicher Stefan K. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

The wild grape
Vitis vinifera sylvestris
was domesticated and the first wine made in Neolithic times between the Black and Caspian Seas in a region that encompasses Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, eastern Turkey, and northwestern Iran. Wine played an important role for religious, sanitary, medical, and trade reasons. The Phoenicians introduced viticulture around the Mediterranean basin starting around 800 BCE and the ancient Greeks made wine a democratic drink. The Romans perfected the technology for its mass production and expanded viticulture away from the Mediterranean coast.
Müskebi
Authors: Kelder Jorrit M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Müskebi (also spelled Müsgebi) is a site on the west coast of Anatolia, situated on a peninsula north of Kos. The site was first settled by Mycenaeans in the fourteenth century BCE, and was apparently deserted in the twelfth century. The site is renowned because of forty‐eight Mycenaean style chamber tombs.
Corsica
Authors: Peche‐Quilichini Kewin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

The earliest human settlement in Corsica dates back to the Mesolithic and intensified throughout the Neolithic. During the Bronze Age (2000–850
bce
), the island integrated Nuragic and Italic cultural features from Sardinia and the Italian mainland (material production, architecture, etc.) and progressively incorporated them to forge an original identity. During the Iron Age (850–100
bce
), the island was characterized by extensive cultural fragmentation that separated the north from the south in particular. It is in this period, too, that the Phocaean colony of Alalia was founded on the east coast, and that burial contexts testify to a strong intensification of exchanges with neighboring regions.
Peisandros
Authors: Shear Julia L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPeisandros was one of the main oligarchic leaders of the Four Hundred in ancient Athens and played an instrumental role in their seizure of power in 411 BCE during the later stages of the Peloponnesian War. Since he is known to have been active in the radical democracy of the 420s, his conversion to oligarchy must have taken place not long before the events of 411. When the Four Hundred were overthrown, he fled to the Spartans and is not subsequently known to have been active.
AntiochosVIIIGrypos
Authors: Erickson Kyle 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAntiochos VIII Grypos (“hook‐nosed”) (r. 126–97/6bce) was a Seleucid king, the son of Demetrios II Nikator and Cleopatra Thea. Having defeated the threat posed by the murderer of his father, he was engaged for most of the rest of his reign in a civil war with his half‐brother, Antiochos IX Kyzikenos.
AntiochosIXKyzikenos
Authors: Erickson Kyle 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAntiochos IX Philopator “Kyzikenos” (r. 114/13–95bce) was the youngest son of Antiochos VII and Cleopatra Thea. Kyzikenos played a major role in the continued breakdown of the Seleucid kingdom, waging an unsuccessful but nearly continuous war against his half‐brother Antiochos VIII Grypos.
Children, pledging of
Authors: Vuolanto Ville 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Family strategies and the need for cash in an economy based on self‐sufficiency led to the pledging of freeborn children becoming a common phenomenon in Greco‐Roman world, both for boys and girls. Parents would pledge children, with their labor and services as further security, for the repayment for debts. Often the pledged child worked in the household of the creditor for the capital and/or interest of the debt, and thus the phenomenon was linked to child work and, more particularly, to the selling of children and the leasing of their work.
Idios Logos, Gnomon of the – Greco‐Roman Egypt
Authors: Nowak Maria 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

The Gnomon of Idios Logos is a collection of legal rules preserved on two papyri (
BGU
V 1210: second century
ce
,
P.Oxy
. XLII 3014: first century
ce
). It was written for a procurator of the
idios logos
. The text contains 115 legible paragraphs concerning different legal matters, such as the status of persons, emancipation, mixed unions, succession, burial, Egyptian priests, and temples.
Sealing, ancient Near East
Authors: Colbow Gudrun 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Sealings are impressions in wax or clay that verify ownership or authenticate administrative or business contracts. For the earliest sealings in the ancient Near East, stamp seals were used. Cylinder seals were introduced only with the beginning of writing. Sealings provide information about the seal owner or user and help to establish dossiers, while their representations reveal much about intersigillarity.
Monopoly, Ptolemaic Egypt
Authors: Salmenkivi Erja 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In Ptolemaic Egypt the state extensively controlled various branches of the economy. The methods of conducting control over the manufacture and sale of many key products, such as vegetable oils and linen, are usually called royal monopolies. The monopolistic control of the state, however, was often intertwined with the Ptolemaic tax farming system.
Eteocypriot
Authors: Georgiou Artemis 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Eteocypriot refers to an ancient language attested on inscriptions found mostly, though not exclusively, at the city of Amathus, on the south coast of Cyprus. The script in which Eteocypriot was written is the Cypriot Syllabary, and was used between the eighth and fourth centuries
bce
. The language remains unintelligible.
Cinna, L. Cornelius
Authors: Lovano Michael 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

L. Cornelius Cinna (d. 84
bce
), Julius Caesar's father‐in‐law, suffered near historical eclipse; his political adversaries, like Sulla, flooded the pages of Roman history with their version of the civil war waged against Cinna's faction for control of the republic. In reducing him to the stock‐figure of a villain, they made the very name “Cinna” equivalent to the label “tyrant” in the politics of their time. Cinna, indeed, had minimal qualms about eliminating die‐hard senatorial enemies or “leading” the government through dubious means or employing an army to achieve his own ends; he did defend his own
dignitas
at all costs. In these ways, as well as in his efforts to fully integrate Rome's Italian allies into the body politic and his conciliatory approach to members of the elite, even those who did not agree with him, Cinna became a model for many important figures in the republic's future.
Corinthian War
Authors: Bearzot Cinzia 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

The Corinthian War (395–387/6
bce
) pitted Sparta against a coalition formed by Athens, Thebes, Argos, and Corinth, and took its name from the main area of military operations. The war originated in the dissatisfaction of Sparta's former allies during the Peloponnesian War with Sparta's taking advantage of the victory to her own exclusive benefit. Such discontent was exploited by the Persian King who funded Sparta's enemies to stop the war Agesilaos was conducting in Asia. The cities that had allied against Sparta established a joint council at Corinth. Sparta's difficulties both on land (following the political union of Corinth and Argos) and at sea led the Spartans to seek an agreement with Persia in 392
bce
. The King's Peace ended the war in 387/6. The first “common peace” to be concluded, it reestablished Persian authority over the Greek cities of Asia and established the principle of autonomy and freedom for all other Greeks, again to the advantage of the Great King and Sparta.
Julia, daughter of Augustus
Authors: Hopwood Bronwyn 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Julia (39 BCE–14 CE), the daughter of Augustus and Scribonia, was married in turn to M. Claudius Marcellus (25 BCE), M. Vipsanius Agrippa (21 BCE), and Ti. Claudius Nero (11 BCE). The marriage to her cousin Marcellus produced no children. The marriage to Agrippa produced three boys and two girls: Gaius Caesar (20 BCE), Julia Minor (19 BCE), Lucius Caesar (17 BCE), Agrippina Maior (14 BCE), and Agrippa Postumus (12 BCE). The marriage to Tiberius produced a son who died in infancy. Disgraced in 2 BCE on the charge of adultery, Julia was divorced from Tiberius and relegated to the island of Pandateria by her father. In 4 CE Augustus permitted her exile to be served on the mainland at Rhegium, but left orders in his will (13 CE) that she be excluded from his mausoleum. Julia died in exile.
Lokroi Epizephyrioi
Authors: Donnellan Lieve 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Lokroi is a Greek
polis
in Calabria, southern Italy. Its foundation is attributed to colonists from Lokris on mainland Greece, and dated to the early seventh century
bce
. Lokroi was a regional power in the Archaic period but steadily declined afterwards, due to wars with neighbors and internal strife. Lokroi is especially known for its fine bronzes, terracotta plaques, and sculpture.
Perception
Authors: Lautner Peter 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In ancient times, perception was viewed as a passive affection, a change in the sense caused by external sense‐objects. In Plato, perception as a passive affection was confined to the reception of primary sense‐qualities such as colors and sounds. Aristotle broadened its range to include apprehension of shape and size, discrimination of data originated in different sense‐modalities (e.g., telling the difference between sweet and white), and perceptual awareness. On denying the role of formal elements in perception the Hellenistic philosophers insisted that it is to be explained as a bodily process, that is, as a reception of bodily impacts by the sense‐organ. The Aristotelian view was also criticized by Galen who emphasized the inferential nature of perception. Plotinus considered perception to be a judgmental activity, a characteristic essential to his thesis of the unity of the senses and perceptual power. The Plotinian notion was developed by Neoplatonists in Late Antiquity into a projectivist theory according to which the soul sends forth notions during the perceptual process, which makes perception conceptual, meaning that sense‐perception is impossible without use of concepts.