bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Contact, Non-Visual, Multi-Person Hallway GaitMonitoring
Authors: Abedi Hajar , Ansariyan Ahmad , Hedge Eric T. , Mastrandrea Carmelo J. , Morita Plinio P. , Boger Jennifer , Wong Alexander , Hughson Richard L. , Shaker George 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a multi-person gait monitoring system designed for efficient operation in cluttered environments. Thesystem demonstrates robust capabilities in tracking multiple closely spaced individuals and accurately extracting the walkingspeed, even in the presence of others. We address two significant challenges, including enhancing radar resolution andmitigating multipath effects in cluttered settings. Our method shows remarkable accuracy, with a maximum error of 0.33 m/sand a minimum of 0.005 m/s, as validated through 25 walking tests in a bedrest study. Its adaptability makes it a valuableclinical tool, offering insights for predicting underlying health issues in older adults.
The efficacy and safety analysis of oral isavuconazole therapy of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Gu Yanli , Zhang Rong , Ding Wei , Sun Bing , Chen Wei , Meng Zili , Chen Liang , Zhang Fang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

To explore the efficacy and safety of oral isavuconazole in the treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) through a retrospective study. The clinical and laboratory data of patients admitted to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) of Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital from 1 March 2023 to 29 February 2024, clinically diagnosed with IPA, and treated with oral isavuconazole were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 31 patients were involved, including 10 dead and 21 survivors at 42 days. The average hospitalization time was 21.81 ± 8.03 days. The average usage time of isavuconazole was 25.10 ± 12.87 days, while the survival group was greater than the death group (28.62 ± 12.56 days vs 17.70 ± 10.56 days) (P = 0.025). The average time frame between hospitalization and isavuconazole administration was 9.97 ± 7.08 days. The survival group was significantly shorter than the death group (7.86 ± 4.51 days vs 14.4 ± 9.47 days) (P = 0.013). Among the surviving patients, the average hospitalization time for early use was shorter than that for late use (16.33 ± 2.65 days vs 25.83 ± 5.87 days) (P < 0.001). Laboratory parameters including coagulation function, serum electrolytes, liver and kidney function, and blood routine were not significantly affected by oral isavuconazole (all P > 0.05), and no patient was required to discontinue isavuconzole use due to an adverse event. Early oral administration of isavuconazole may reduce mortality rates and hospitalization time, with fewer adverse reactions and a high level of safety.
Predictive value of modified Thrive-c model in the prognosis of AIS patients after reperfusion therapy
Authors: Liu Jianguang , Yang Shuyin , Le Chang wen , Qin Yueyue , Li Jingjing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the predictive value of combining the TyG index with the THRIVE score at admission for AIS patients following reperfusion therapy.
Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 284 AIS patients who had undergone reperfusion therapy. Patients were classified into good or poor prognosis groups based on their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores. We analyzed the relationship between the TyG index, the THRIVE score at admission, and the prognosis of AIS. We applied Spearman correlation analysis to investigate the correlation between the TyG index and the THRIVE score at admission against the 90-day mRS scores of AIS patients post-reperfusion. The study developed a logistic regression analysis model to establish a combined predictive formula. ROC curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive power of the TyG index, the admission THRIVE score, their combined use, the THRIVE-c model, and the modified THRIVE-c model for AIS prognosis.
Results
There were significant differences observed between the groups with poor and good prognoses regarding diabetes, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, gender, NIHSS score at admission, admission THRIVE score, TyG index, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose. Logistic regression analysis determined that both the TyG index and THRIVE score at admission serve as independent risk factors for poor 90-day prognosis in ischemic stroke patients. The combined predictive coefficient, the THRIVE-c model, and the modified THRIVE-c model yielded AUCs of 0.784, 0.81, and 0.847, respectively, indicating their reliable predictive efficacy.
Conclusion
Both the TyG index and the THRIVE score assessed at admission are significant independent predictors of adverse outcomes in AIS patients post-reperfusion therapy. The integration of these metrics, along with the THRIVE-c and modified THRIVE-c models, enhances the accuracy of prognosis prediction for AIS patients.
Anesthesia management for patients with Prader-Willi syndrome undergoing bariatric surgery: a single-center retrospective case series study
Authors: Tan Juan , Liu Haibei , Yang Huawu , Luo Dan , Fu Qiang , Li Qiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disease caused by abnormalities on chromosome 15q11.2-q13. Due to the characteristics of this syndrome, there are many difficulties in the anesthetic management of PWS patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Methods
We reported five times anesthetic management in three patients with PWS undergoing bariatric surgery under general anesthesia combined with nerve block in the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu.
Results
Obesity, sleep apnea, airway ventilatory dysfunction and hypotonia were the main challenge for patients with PWS in our study. We took some special measures, mainly including reverse Trendelenburg position, gradually deepening sedation, multimode analgesia and perioperative progressive respiratory exercise. Only in case1a, respiratory obstruction occurred during mask ventilation, which improved through the oropharynx and nasopharyngeal ventilation tract. In addition, delayed awakening occurred in case1a after surgery, and the respiratory condition did not improve significantly after the use of neostigmine and atropine. Her tracheal tube was removed on the first postoperative day. When she came in the second time (case1b), we used sugammadex as the antagonistic muscle relaxants and successfully removed the tracheal tube 10 minutes after the procedure.
Conclusions
We recommend choosing sugammadex as the antagonistic muscle relaxant, progressive respiratory exercise and multimode analgesia in PWS patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Besides, the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal ventilatory tract should be prepared before the anesthesia induction.
Frequency of temporomandibular disorders and their correlation with improper operating posture in Iranian dentists
Authors: Onsori Maryam , Barzegar Mohsen , Mehrparvar Amir Houshang , Pouyafard Adele 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the frequency of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and their correlation with improper operating posture in Iranian dentists.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 59 dentists practicing in Yazd city, Iran with improper operating posture according to the rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) tool (level 2 or higher). Neck pain and disability were evaluated by the neck disability index (NDI), and neck flexion and rotation were assessed by the flexion rotation test-active (FRT-A). The frequency of TMDs was evaluated by clinical examination and Fonseca’s questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the Fisher’s exact test and Spearman’s correlation test (alpha = 0.05).
Results
A significant correlation was noted between improper posture and TMDs in 23-28-and 29–34-year-old age groups, males and females, in dentists with less than 4 years of work experience, in general dentists, in participants working for a maximum of 38 hours/week and a minimum of 39 hours/week, those visiting a maximum of 3 patients or a minimum of 4 patients per shift, those not using a dental loupe, and those with a suitable dental unit according to their dominant hand (P < 0.05). A significant correlation was found between the RULA level and severity of TMDs in dentists (r = 0.476, P < 0.001). The NDI score had a significant direct correlation with the TMD score (r = 0.476, P < 0.001) while a significant inverse correlation was found between the FRT-A and TMD scores (r=-0.414, P = 0.023).
Conclusion
The frequency of TMDs and neck disability was higher in dentists with improper operating posture.
Diabetes Telemedicine Mediterranean Diet (DiaTeleMed) Study: study protocol for a fully remote randomized clinical trial evaluating personalized dietary management in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Berube Lauren T. , Popp Collin J. , Curran Margaret , Hu Lu , Pompeii Mary Lou , Barua Souptik , Bernstein Emma , Salcedo Vanessa , Li Huilin , St-Jules David E. , Segal Eran , Bergman Michael , Williams Natasha J. , Sevick Mary Ann 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The Diabetes Telemedicine Mediterranean Diet (DiaTeleMed) Study is a fully remote randomized clinical trial evaluating personalized dietary management in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study aims to test the efficacy of a personalized behavioral approach for dietary management of moderately-controlled T2D, versus a standardized behavioral intervention that uses one-size-fits-all dietary recommendations, versus a usual care control (UCC). The primary outcome will compare the impact of each intervention on the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE).
Methods
Eligible participants are between 21 to 80 years of age diagnosed with moderately-controlled T2D (HbA1c: 6.0–8.0%), and managed on lifestyle alone or lifestyle plus metformin. Participants must be willing and able to attend virtual counseling sessions and log meals into a dietary tracking smartphone application (DayTwo), and wear a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) for up to 12 days. Participants are randomized with equal allocation (n = 255, n = 85 per arm) to one of three arms: 1) Personalized, 2) Standardized, or 3) UCC. Measurements occur at 0 (baseline), 3, and 6 months. All participants receive isocaloric energy and macronutrients targets to meet Mediterranean diet guidelines plus 14 intervention contacts over 6 months (4 weekly then 10 biweekly) to cover diabetes self-management education. The first 4 UCC intervention contacts are delivered via synchronous videoconferences followed by educational video links. Participants in Standardized receive the same education content as UCC on the same schedule. However, all intervention contacts are conducted via synchronous videoconferences, paired with Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)-based behavioral counseling, plus dietary self-monitoring of planned meals using a mobile app that provides real-time feedback on calories and macronutrients. Participants in the Personalized arm receive all elements of the Standardized intervention, plus real-time feedback on predicted post-prandial glycemic response (PPGR) to meals and snacks logged into the mobile app.
Discussion
The DiaTeleMed study will address an important gap in the current landscape of precision nutrition by determining the contributions of behavioral counseling and personalized nutrition recommendations on glycemic control in individuals with T2D. The fully remote methodology of the study allows for scalability and innovative delivery of personalized dietary recommendations at a population level.
Trial registration:
The DiaTeleMed Study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05046886)
A Study on Factors Influencing Delayed Sputum Conversion in Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Based on Bacteriology and Genomics
Authors: Pang Mengdi , Dai Xiaowei , Wang Nenhan , Yi Junli , Sun Shanhua , Miao Honghao , Zhang Jie , Zhang Hongtai , Li Jie , Ding Beichuan , Yang Xinyu , Li Chuanyou 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Conversion of sputum from positive to negative is one of the indicators of intensive phase treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. We analyzed the sputum conversion of 1782 patients diagnosed sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Beijing between 2021–2022 and designed a case-matched study including 24 pairs of delayed and timely sputum-conversion patients. We collect isolates from delayed-sputum-conversion patients before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) and initial isolates of timely-sputum-conversion patients who reported sputum positive only once. 75 strains were conducted drug sensitivity testing (DST) of 13 anti-TB drugs and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to analyze the risk factors of delayed conversion and the dynamics changes of drug resistance and genomics of MTB during ATT. We found TB patients who achieve sputum negative conversion at the end of 2 months of ATT have better treatment outcomes and whose initial isolates show lower levels of drug resistance. Clinical isolates from delayed conversion patients showed dynamically changing resistance phenotypes and intra-host heterogeneity and changes in dominant pathogenic bacteria. SNP profiles showed large differences between groups. The study provided insight into the bacteriological and genomic variation of delayed-sputum-conversion. It would be helpful for early assessment of sputum conversion and Guidance on anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Wealth-based equity in essential newborn care practices in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Delele Tadesse , Persson Lars Åke , Alemu Kassahun , Schellenberg Joanna , Lemma Seblewengel , Defar Atkure , Getachew Theodros , Taye Girum , Shiferaw Solomon , Abdissa Zewditu , Tariku Amare , Zelalem Meseret , Berhanu Della 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The World Health Organization has listed several newborn care practices as essential for health and survival. Reports from low-income countries, including Ethiopia, show inequities in practices but need more comprehensiveness. We aimed to analyze wealth-based equity of selected essential newborn care practices, i.e., skin-to-skin care, delayed bathing, proper cord care, and timely breastfeeding initiation among neonates born at health facilities and homes in Ethiopia.
Methods
The Performance Monitoring for Action Ethiopia 2019–2020 survey was conducted in five Ethiopian regions, representing 90% of the total population. We used data on 2,493 newborns. Wealth quintiles were based on principal component analysis of household assets. Wealth-based equity of selected essential newborn care practices was analyzed separately for facility and home deliveries using equiplot, equity gaps, equity ratios, and concentration indices.
Results
Overall, the equiplots for skin-to-skin care and delayed bathing practices showed minimal inequities for babies born in health facilities. When comparing the extreme groups, socio-economic differences were seen in delayed bathing and timely breastfeeding initiation. Using wealth as a continuous variable across all respondents, delayed bathing and proper cord care were more frequent in the better-off households. In home births, the equiplots showed that all selected essential newborn care practices were more common in the least poor groups. While comparing the extreme groups, socio-economic inequities were present in skin-to-skin care and delayed bathing practices. Using wealth as a continuous variable, skin-to-skin care and delayed bathing were more common in better-off households.
Conclusion
The coverage of selected essential newborn care practices was higher in facility deliveries. There were minimal socio-economic differences in newborn care of facility births, while inequities in skin-to-skin care and delayed bathing were prominent in home births. Initiatives should focus on increasing facility delivery and improving newborn care practices at home to ensure newborn care equity in Ethiopia.
Zinc isotope fractionation in soil-rice systems constrained by varying water regimes and Zn fertilizer application: implication for Zn biofortification
Authors: Zhong Songxiong , Gao Ruichuan , Liu Yuhui , Cao Kaiwen , Jin Chao , Li Xiaomin , Fang Liping , Liu Tongxu , Liu Chuanping , Li Fangbai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and aims Zinc (Zn) deficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.) induced by flooded conditions is a persistent global issue that limits grain Zn accumulation. Soil drainage and Zn fertilizer can enhance soluble Zn in the soil to address Zn deficiency in rice grains. However, the mechanisms underlying the uptake and transport in rice plants remain unclear.
Methods Zn uptake and transport processes in rice constrained by water regimes and Zn fertilizers were elucidated using Zn isotope and gene analyses.
Results Compared with bulk soil, the Zn isotope compositions of CaCl2 and HCl-extracted pools were systematically higher, but the soil solution was much lighter. All the soil pools marginally varied with the constraining water regimes. In rice, ZIP family genes were constitutively downregulated in the roots and nodes, whereas OsHMA2 was upregulated under the drainage regime and Zn addition relative to the flooding regime. Soil solution-to-shoot and node I-to-grain isotope fractionation were hardly affected by the water regime. However, the fractionation shifted negatively with Zn addition during uptake and was less pronounced for shoot-to-node I, and node I-to-grain transport.
Conclusions Switching water regimes from flooding to drainage negligibly affected soil solution-to-shoot transport and node-controlled allocation of isotopically light Zn to grains. However, rice utilizes a low-affinity transport system to isotopically transport light Zn, and the ZIP family transporters become less important when Zn fertilizer is applied. This study demonstrated that Zn fertilizer is more robust for reinforcing grain Zn relative to the drainage regime.
Geographic Equity in Essential Newborn Care Practices in Ethiopia: a cross- sectional study
Authors: Delele Tadesse , Persson Lars Åke , Schellenberg Joanna , Berhanu Della , Lemma Seblewengel , Defar Atkure , Getachew Theodros , Taye Girum , Shiferaw Solomon , Abdissa Zewditu , Tariku Amare , Zelalem Meseret , Alemu Kassahun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Essential newborn care practices vary across different social groups, but evidence on the geographic equity of newborn care in Ethiopia is scarce. We aimed to assess the geographic distribution and equity of selected essential newborn care practices recommended by the World Health Organization that are initial skin-to-skin care, delayed bathing, proper cord care, timely breastfeeding initiation, and immunizations of BCG and first-dose polio vaccines among neonates born at health facilities and homes in Ethiopia.
Methods
We analyzed data from 2,493 neonates in the Performance Monitoring for Action Ethiopia 2019–2021 survey in five Regions and Addis Ababa City Administration. We studied the geographic variation of selected essential newborn care practices using Global Moran’s I statistics and hot and cold spot analysis (Local Getis-Ord Gi* statistic), and the coverage of these practices were predicted for the whole Country using Kriging interpolation.
Results
This study showed that selected essential newborn care practices were higher among neonates in health facilities, those born in Central, Northern, Southern, and a few areas in Southwest and Northwest Ethiopia. Geographic inequities were demonstrated in delayed bathing in facility and home births, proper cord care in facility births, and first immunizations in both facility and home births. Geographic inequities were not observed for initial skin-to-skin care and timely breastfeeding initiation.
Conclusion
Selected essential newborn care practices were higher among neonates born in health facilities, and the recommended essential newborn care practices were higher in Central and Northern Ethiopia. There were geographic inequities in delayed bathing and immunizations of BCG and first-dose polio vaccines among neonates born in health facilities and homes. Enhancing facility delivery, availing first vaccinations in facilities, and improving discharge counseling for mothers during antenatal, delivery and postnatal care are crucial to ensuring geographic equity in essential newborn care in Ethiopia.
Male-origin microchimerism and risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta‑analysis
Authors: Li Jun , Shao Tingting , Kou Junyan , Ni Liwei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Many women carry male cells of presumed fetal origin–so-called male-origin microchimerism (MOM) in their circulation and tissues. Numerous studies have reported contradicting results on the relationship between MOM and cancer risk. We aim to quantify the incidence of cancer among patients and to synthesize the available research evidence.
Methods: We performed a systemic search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. Studies reporting the cancer risk in women who test positive for male microchimerism were included. A random-effects model was applied to abtain the pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).
Results: Twelve studies consisting of 3078 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Data regarding risk of breast, colon, ovarian, endometrial, thyroid and brain cancer among patients were subjected to quantitative analysis. Pooled analysis showed a significantly reduced rate of cancer (pooled RR = 0.51, 95%CI 0.32–0.82) among MOM-positive women.
Conclusions: Individuals harboring MOM exhibits a significantly low risk of cancer.
Association of Trouble Sleeping with Increased Risk of Gallstone Disease in U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2017-2020
Authors: Liu Xiaoqiang , Huang Yisen , Huang Yingxuan , Lin Chanchan , Xu Boming , Zeng Yilin , Chen Peizhong , Liu Xiaobo , Wang Yubin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Trouble sleeping is prevalent in modern society and is known to be associated with various health problems. However, studies on the relationship between trouble sleeping and gallstones are relatively few. This study aims to explore the potential association between trouble sleeping and gallstones among adult Americans.
Methods
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2020 were analyzed, including 7,438 adult participants. The relationship between trouble sleeping and gallstones was assessed using multivariable logistic regression models, with sensitivity analyses performed using multiple imputation, weighted analysis, and propensity score matching.
Results
Among the 7,438 participants, 780 (10.5%) reported having gallstones. The analysis showed a significantly increased risk of gallstones among participants with trouble sleeping (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–1.76, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated consistent associations across different subgroups based on sex, age, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, with interaction observed in age subgroups.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that trouble sleeping may be an independent risk factor for gallstones. This highlights the potential importance of improving sleep quality in the prevention of gallstones.