bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of food components during in vitro digestion of silver nanoparticles on cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in intestinal cells
Authors: Lichtenstein Dajana , Ebmeyer Johanna , Knappe Patrick , Juling Sabine , Böhmert Linda , Selve Sören , Niemann Birgit , Braeuning Albert , Thünemann Andreas F. , Lampen Alfonso 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBecause of the rising application of nanoparticles in food and food-related products, we investigated the influence of the digestion process on the toxicity and cellular uptake of silver nanoparticles for intestinal cells. The main food components – carbohydrates, proteins and fatty acids – were implemented in anin vitrodigestion process to simulate realistic conditions. Digested and undigested silver nanoparticle suspensions were used for uptake studies in the well-established Caco-2 model. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to estimate particle core size, size distribution and stability in cell culture medium. Particles proved to be stable and showed radii from 3.6 to 16.0 nm. Undigested particles and particles digested in the presence of food components were comparably taken up by Caco-2 cells, whereas the uptake of particles digested without food components was decreased by 60%. Overall, these findings suggest thatin vivoingested poly (acrylic acid)-coated silver nanoparticles may reach the intestine in a nanoscaled form even if enclosed in a food matrix. While appropriate for studies on the uptake into intestinal cells, the Caco-2 model might be less suited for translocation studies. Moreover, we show that nanoparticle digestion protocols lacking food components may lead to misinterpretation of uptake studies and inconclusive results.
Identification of the Learning Styles and “On-the-Job” Learning Methods Implemented by Nurses for Promoting Their Professional Knowledge and Skills
Authors: Rassin Michal , Kurzweil Yaffa , Maoz Yael 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the learning styles and methods used by nurses to promote their professional knowledge and skills. 928 nurses from 11 hospitals across Israel completed 2 questionnaires, (1) Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory, Version 3.1. and (2) the On-The-Job Learning Styles Questionnaire for the Nursing Profession. The most common learning style was the convergent style. The other learning styles were rated in the following descending order: accommodation, assimilation, and divergence. The on-the-job learning style consistently ranked highest was experience of relevant situations. On the other hand, seeking knowledge from books, journals, television, or the Internet was ranked lowest on all the indicators examined. With respect to general and on-the-job learning styles, statistically significant differences were found between groups of nurses by: country of birth, gender, department, age, education, and role. Nurses required to take more personal responsibility for their own professional development by deepening their self-learning skills.
Numerical Study of Free Convection in a Doubly Stratified Non-Darcy Porous Medium Using Spectral Quasilinearization Method
Authors: Srinivasacharya D. , Motsa Sandile S. , Surender O. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Free convection boundary layer flow past a semi-infinite vertical plate in a doubly stratified fluid-saturated porous medium in the presence of constant suction/injection is analyzed. The flow in the porous medium is described by the Brinkman–Forchheimer-based model. A suitable coordinate transformation is introduced, and the obtained system of non-similar, coupled and nonlinear partial differential equations is solved numerically using the spectral quasi-linearization method. The effects of buoyancy parameter, Darcy number, Forchheimer parameter, suction/injection parameter, thermal and solutal stratification parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration are presented graphically. Further, the local skin friction coefficient, heat and mass transfer rates are presented graphically.
Conservation Laws and Exact Solutions with Symmetry Reduction of Nonlinear Reaction Diffusion Equations
Authors: Tascan Filiz , Yakut Arzu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this work we study one of the most important applications of symmetries to physical problems, namely the construction of conservation laws. Conservation laws have important place for applications of differential equations and solutions, also in all physics applications. And so, this study deals conservation laws of first- and second-type nonlinear (NL) reaction diffusion equations. We used Ibragimov’s approach for finding conservation laws for these equations. And then, we found exact solutions of first- and second-type NL reaction diffusion equations with Lie-point symmetries.
Co-administration of α-lipoic acid and glutathione is associated with no significant changes in serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase or γ-glutamyltranspeptidase levels during the treatment of neuroborreliosis with intravenous ceftriaxone
Authors: Puri Basant K. , Hakkarainen-Smith Jaana S. , Derham Anne , Monro Jean A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract: While pharmacotherapy with intravenous ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin, is a potential treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis, there is concern that it can cause the formation of biliary sludge, leading to hepatobiliary complications such as biliary colic, jaundice and cholelithiasis, which are reflected in changes in serum levels of bilirubin and markers of cholestatic liver injury (alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase). It has been suggested that the naturally occurring substances α-lipoic acid and glutathione may be helpful in preventing hepatic disease. α-Lipoic acid exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in the liver, while glutathione serves as a sulfhydryl buffer. The aim of this study was to determine whether co-administration of α-lipoic acid and glutathione is associated with significant changes in serum levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase during the treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis with long-term intravenous ceftriaxone.: Serum levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase were measured in 42 serologically positive Lyme neuroborreliosis patients before and after long-term treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone (2–4 g daily) with co-administration of oral/intravenous α-lipoic acid (600 mg daily) and glutathione (100 mg orally or 0.6–2.4 g intravenously daily).: None of the patients developed biliary colic and there were no significant changes in serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase or γ-glutamyltranspeptidase levels over the course of the intravenous ceftriaxone treatment (mean length 75.0 days).: Co-administration of α-lipoic acid and glutathione is associated with no significant changes in serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase or γ-glutamyltranspeptidase levels during the treatment of neuroborreliosis with intravenous ceftriaxone.
Therapeutic interventions using a combination of Telmisartan and omega 3-fatty acids in sodium arsenite-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction in rats: modulation through ATP-sensitive K+ channels and eNOS
Authors: Nirwane Abhijit , Pawar Vivek , Majumdar Anuradha 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Background: Effective diet/drug combinations may show additive or synergistic effects in reducing endothelial risk factors vis-à-vis monotherapies. The study evaluated the effect of combined therapy of Telmisartan and omega 3-fatty acids in sodium arsenite-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) in rats.

Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats (180–220 g) were randomized into eight groups; control, sodium arsenite (1.5 mg/kg/day) exposed, sodium arsenite exposure followed by treatment with Telmisartan, omega 3-fatty acids, the combination and/or endothelial modulators for 2 weeks depending on the allocated group. VED was assessed by estimating vascular reactivity. Serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), nitrite/nitrate levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were also determined.

Results: Sodium arsenite produced VED by attenuating acetylcholine-induced endothelial relaxation (% Rmax= 45.36), decreasing levels of serum nitrite/nitrate (9.28 μM/mg protein), GSH (16.06 μg/mg of protein), SOD activity (30.69 units/mg protein) and increasing TBARS (0.19 µM/mg protein) compared with control group. The combined therapy with Telmisartan (10 mg/kg/day) and omega 3-fatty acids (180 mg/kg/day) (% Rmax=80.93, 13.09 µM/mg protein, 25.93 μg/mg of protein, 57.84 units/mg protein and 0.08 µM/mg protein, respectively) significantly abolished the respective derangements induced by sodium arsenite. Further, this combination significantly prevented rise in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels that was induced by sodium arsenite. However, the ameliorative effects of this combination were abated by N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and glibenclamide.

Conclusions: Combined therapy of Telmisartan and omega 3-fatty acids attenuated VED, by activating enzyme nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) through opening of ATP-sensitive K+ channels.
Assessment and relation of total and regional fat mass with bone mineral content among Indian urban adolescents
Authors: Marwaha Raman K. , Garg M.K. , Bhadra Kuntal , Mahalle Namita , Mithal Ambrish , Tandon Nikhil 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFat mass (FM) has been shown to have an effect on bone mass accrual. Though gender and ethnic differences in body composition and bone accrual during puberty have been reported, there are limited data available for Indian children and adolescents.To generate age and gender based percentile charts of FM among urban Indian children and adolescents and to evaluate the relationship with pubertal status and bone mineral content (BMC).There were 1403 children and adolescents (boys: 826; girls: 577) in the study.Total and regional FM, BMC, and pubertal staging were assessed. Fat mass index (FMI), FM/height ratio and BMC/FM ratio, were calculated.The age of the study population ranged from 5 to 18 years, with a mean age of 13.2±2.7 years (boys: 13.0±2.7; girls: 13.4±2.8 years). Total and regional FM as well as FMI increased with increasing age in both genders. The highest percent increase in mean total FM occurred in the age group >8–11 years and decreased thereafter. The total and regional FM was higher in more advanced stages of pubertal maturation. There was no difference in total and regional FM between genders in prepubertal group. The age and pubertal associated increase in FM was significantly higher in girls than boys (p<0.0001). Total as well as regional FM and FMI were positively correlated with age, body mass index, total lean mass, and BMC even after adjusting for age, lean mass, and biochemical parameters.Total and regional FM increased with age and pubertal maturation in both genders. FM was positively correlated with BMC.
Migratory polyarthritis as an adverse effect of thiamazole use in a 13-year-old girl with Graves’ disease
Authors: Janson Jo-Anne , de Laat Paul , Draaisma Jos M.T. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractGraves’ disease is the most prevalent cause of hyperthyroidism in children. The treatment commonly involves antithyroid therapy using a thionamide. We present a case of a 13-year-old girl with the antithyroid arthritis syndrome, presenting as a migratory polyarthritis, after the initiation of thionamide treatment for Graves’ disease. Antithyroid arthritis syndrome warranted immediate cessation of thionamide. Improvement of the arthritis was seen in subsequent days. As there are no other reversible treatment modalities for Graves’ disease in children, definitive treatment with radioactive iodine was needed to control the hyperthyroidism in this child. Antithyroid arthritis syndrome presenting as a migratory polyarthritis is a severe adverse effect of a common pediatric disease and should therefore be recognized by pediatricians.
Knowledge, management and optimization: the use of live traps in control of non-native squirrels
Authors: Mazzamuto Maria Vittoria , Panzeri Mattia , Wauters Lucas , Preatoni Damiano , Martinoli Adriano 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis study identifies techniques to maximize trap efficiency and minimize trapping effort when using live traps to capture the invasive alien Pallas’s squirrel (
Non-Genetic Inheritance, Fertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies
Authors: Zander-Fox Deirdre , O McPherson Nicole , Lane Michelle 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe concept of non-genetic inheritance is gaining considerable attention in the assisted reproductive technology (ART) community due to the reported differences between children born from ART and those that are conceived naturally. It has been demonstrated that children conceived via ART have differences in fetal growth, birth weight, congenital abnormalities, cardiometabolic parameters, glucose homeostasis as well as changes to body composition compared to children conceived naturally. Although these changes may have a parental contribution and may be influenced by the pathology of infertility there is concern that the technologies themselves may play a role. In support of this, is emerging evidence that aspects of ART technology such as culture media formulation and insemination method can alter offspring phenotype. In addition it is also documented that exposure to environmental factors, such as toxins can impact on offspring gametogenesis such that these perturbations persist through generations. With the increasing use of ART and the development of new technologies it is vital that we understand whether ART can effect non-genetic inheritance so that we can optimise technology and prevent abnormal programming and its impact on all aspects of offspring health including fertility and a possible transmission to subsequent generations.
Other-initiated repair in Murrinh-Patha
Authors: Blythe Joe 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe range of linguistic structures and interactional practices associated with other-initiated repair (OIR) is surveyed for the Northern Australian language Murrinh-Patha. By drawing on a video corpus of informal Murrinh- Patha conversation, the OIR formats are compared in terms of their utility and versatility. Certain “restricted” formats have semantic properties that point to prior trouble source items. While these make the restricted repair initiators more specialised, the “open” formats are less well resourced semantically, which makes them more versatile. They tend to be used when the prior talk is potentially problematic in more ways than one. The open formats (especially thangku, “what?”) tend to solicit repair operations on each potential source of trouble, such that the resultant repair solution improves upon the troublesource turn in several ways.
Enhancing electrical and tribological properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix nanocomposite films by co-incorporation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and silicon dioxide microparticles
Authors: Khun Nay Win , Loong Poh Yueh , Liu Erjia , Li Lin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and silicon dioxide microparticles (SiO2-MPs) were co-incorporated in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrices to form PMMA/MWCNT-SiO2-MP nanocomposite films. The SiO2-MP content in the nanocomposite films was varied at a fixed MWCNT content of 4 wt% to investigate the effect of SiO2-MP content on the electrical and tribological properties of the PMMA/MWCNT-SiO2-MP nanocomposite films. The co-incorporation of MWCNTs and SiO2-MPs dramatically lowered the electrical resistance of the nanocomposite films compared to that of the PMMA film, while higher fractions of SiO2-MPs more effectively promoted the decrease in the electrical resistance of the nanocomposite films by improving the conductive networks formed by the MWCNTs in the PMMA matrices. Although the friction of the nanocomposite films significantly increased with increased SiO2-MP content due to the promoted mechanical interlocking between the surface asperities of two mating surfaces, the wear of the nanocomposite films was much less severe than that of the PMMA film during ball-on-disc tribological tests.
Aging hardening characteristic and electrical conductivity of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mo in situ composite
Authors: Wang Song , Zheng Tingting , Xie Ming , Chen Yongtai , Zhang Jiming 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Cu-0.85Cr-0.5Zr-0.5Mo in situ composite was prepared by continuous casting, cold drawing, and aging treatment. By means of the analysis of microhardness, electrical conductivity, and transmission electron microscopy, the aging characteristics and microstructures of the in situ composite were investigated at different aging temperatures and aging times after cold deformation. The results show that the Cu-0.85Cr-0.5Zr-0.5Mo in situ composite has an excellent combination of the microhardness and electrical conductivity aged at 500°C for 4 h, and the microhardness and electrical conductivity reach 171 HV and 81.3% IACS, respectively. Small dispersed particles could strongly pin dislocations and stabilize the substructure from deformation. The main strengthening mechanisms for the in situ composite alloy are the work hardening and the secondary phase or interface strengthening. It was suggested that cold deformation before aging treatment can accelerate the precipitation of the secondary phase and improve the comprehensive properties of the Cu-Cr-Zr-Mo in situ composite.
Wall Pressure Measurements in a Convergent–Divergent Nozzle with Varying Inlet Asymmetry
Authors: Senthilkumar C. , Elangovan S. , Rathakrishnan E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this paper, flow separation of a convergent–divergent (C-D) nozzle is placed downstream of a supersonic flow delivered from Mach 2.0 nozzle is investigated. Static pressure measurements are conducted using pressure taps. The flow characteristics of straight and slanted entry C-D nozzle are investigated for various NPR of Mach 2.0 nozzle. The effect of asymmetry at inlet by providing 15°, 30°, 45° and 57° cut is analyzed. Particular attention is given to the location of the shock within the divergent section of the test nozzle. This location is examined as a function both NPR of Mach 2.0 nozzle and test nozzle inlet angle. Some of the measurements are favorably compared to previously developed theory. A Mach number ratio of 0.81 across the flow separation region was obtained.
3D printing of representation surfaces from tensor data of KH2PO4 and low-quartz utilizing the WinTensor software
Authors: Kaminsky Werner , Snyder Trevor , Stone-Sundberg Jennifer , Moeck Peter 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Tensorial properties such as thermal expansion, optical rotation, the electro-optic effect, elastic constants, and many more are prepared with a Windows executable, WinTensor, for rendering a graphical representation that can be viewed on a monitor or printed out for a tangible 3D model. Examples of 3D printed representation surfaces in KH2PO4 and low-quartz are provided together with a summary of the state of the arts of 3D printing.
Synthesis and crystal structure of the two-dimensional coordination compound potassium oxo-bis(hydroxylamido)-pyridine-2, 3-dicarboxylato-vanadate(V)
Authors: Li Xiu-Cai , Zhang Heng-Qiang , Yang Qiong , Zhang Qi-Ying 
Published: May 2015

Abstract:
The crystal structure of the title compound, K2[VO(C7H3O4N)(NH2O)2(H2O)]2, is composed of KO9 and VO5N2 polyhedra connected through pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate (2,3-dipicolinate) bridges. The VO5N2 coordination polyhedron is a pentagonal bipyramid, with hydroxylamido and dipicolinato ligands being bidentate. The axial positions are occupied by the terminal oxo ligand and one oxygen atom from a deprotonated carboxylate group. The oxygen atoms from hydroxylamido and the nitrogen atoms belonging either to the pyridine ring or to the hydroxylamido occupy the equatorial positions and form an approximate pentagonal plane. The irregular KO9 polyhedra are linked, sharing edges and planes to form infinite chains. These chains are linked by the dipicolinate bridges to form layers. The distorted VO5N2 polyhedron is grafted on to the layer by the dipicolinate carboxylate O atom. Adjacent layers are connected through N–H···O hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional supramolecular structure.
Synthesis and characterization of PbBaGeO4
Authors: Petschnig Lucas L. , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPbBaGeO4was prepared by high-temperature solid-state synthesis at 900 °C in a platinum crucible from lead(II) oxide, barium carbonate, and germanium(IV) oxide. This compound crystallizes with the BaNdGaO4structure type in the orthorhombic space groupP212121(no. 19). The structure was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data:a= 1021.6(2),b= 763.4(2),c= 618.1(2) pm,V= 482.1(2) Å3, and residuals ofR1= 0.0373 andwR2= 0.0730 for all data. Next to structural data, Raman spectroscopic data of PbBaGeO4are reported.
Mussurana montana (Franco, Marques &amp; Puorto, 1997) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae): noteworthy records and an updated distribution map
Authors: Costa Henrique C. , Santos Patrícia Silva , Laia Wanderlei Pereira , Garcia Paulo C. A. , Bérnils Renato Silveira 
Published: May 2015

Mussurana montana is a poorly known dipsadid snake endemic to elevated areas in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. After the examination of specimens deposited in scientific collections, we update the distribution range of M. montana with five new locality records, including its first record from the state of Rio de Janeiro, and a new northernmost and easternmost record in the state of Minas Gerais. These new data reinforce the distribution of M. montana within the mountain ranges of Serra da Mantiqueira and Serra do Mar, from 750–1,610 m above sea level.
Effects of Electrical Stress and High-Energy Electron Irradiation on the InGaP/GaAs Heterojunction Phototransistor
Authors: Than Phuc Hong , Uchida Kazuo , Makino Takahiro , Ohshima Takeshi , Nozaki Shinji 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we discuss the characteristics of the InGaP/GaAs heterojunction phototransistors (HPTs) before and after the electrical stress at room temperature and assess the effectiveness of the emitter-ledge passivation. Although an electrical stress given to the phototransistors by keeping a collector current density of 37 A/cm2 for 1 hour at room temperature was too small to affect the room-temperature common-emitter current gain and photocurrent of both HPTs with and without the emitter-ledge passivation, they showed a significant decrease at 420 K due to the room-temperature electrical stress. Nevertheless, the room-temperature common-emitter current gain and photocurrent of the HPT with the emitter-ledge passivation were still higher than those of the HPT without the emitter-ledge passivation. The effectiveness of the emitter-ledge passivation against the electrical stress was more significant than that on the current gain in the dark. In addition to the electrical stress experiment, for a potential application of the InGaP/GaAs HPTs in space, we will irradiate the HPTs with 1-MeV electrons at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. Both current gain and photocurrent decreased significantly after the electron irradiation. In contrast to the electrical stress, the damage due to the high-energy electron irradiation is a bulk-related phenomenon, and the emitter-ledge passivation does not seem to suppress the degradation.