bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of poly(dimethyl siloxane) on the water absorption and natural degradation of poly(lactic acid)/oil‐palm empty‐fruit‐bunch fiber biocomposites
Authors: Akindoyo John Olabode , Beg Mohammad Dalour Hossen , Ghazali Suriati , Islam Muhammad Remanul 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTComposites were fabricated with poly(lactic acid) and oil‐palm empty‐fruit‐bunch (EFB) fibers with extrusion; this was followed by an injection‐molding technique. Before compounding, the surface of the fiber was modified through ultrasound and poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS). The influences of the ultrasound and PDMS on the water absorption and biodegradability of the composites were investigated. Additionally, the composites were buried under soil for 6 months, and their biodegradability was assessed through different characterization techniques, such as tensile testing and weight loss and diffussability measurement. The changes on the surface of the fibers due to treatment were examined by scanning electron microscopy analysis, and the influences on the biodegradability of the composites were observed. Functional group analysis and possible changes before and after degradation were also examined by a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric technique. The results analyses revealed that the treatment of fibers improved the density of the fibers and reduced the water uptake of the composites. The overall weight loss due to soil burial testing was found to be maximum for the untreated‐fiber‐based composites (6.8%), whereas the ultrasound‐ and silane‐treated composites showed the minimum value of weight loss (3.7%). The deterioration of the tensile strength due to degradation was found to be at a maximum for the untreated‐fiber‐based composite (27%), whereas the ultrasound‐ and silane‐treated‐fiber‐based composites showed a minimum value of 8%. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42784.
Use of the 2‐chlorotrityl chloride resin for microwave‐assisted solid phase peptide synthesis
Authors: Ieronymaki Matthaia , Androutsou Maria Eleni , Pantelia Anna , Friligou Irene , Crisp Molly , High Kirsty , Penkman Kirsty , Gatos Dimitrios , Tselios Theodore 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTA fast and efficient microwave (MW)‐assisted solid‐phase peptide synthesis protocol using the 2‐chlorotrityl chloride resin and the Fmoc/tBu methodology, has been developed. The established protocol combines the advantages of MW irradiation and the acid labile 2‐chlorotrityl chloride resin. The effect of temperature during the MW irradiation, the degree of resin substitution during the coupling of the first amino acids and the rate of racemization for each amino acid were evaluated. The suggested solid phase methodology is applicable for orthogonal peptide synthesis and for the synthesis of cyclic peptides. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 104: 506–514, 2015.
A combined cheminformatic and bioinformatic approach to address the proteolytic stability challenge in peptide‐based drug discovery
Authors: Bayden Alexander S. , Gomez Edwin F. , Audie Joseph , Chakravorty Dhruva K. , Diller David J. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTWe have created models to predict cleavage sites for several human proteases including caspase‐1, caspase‐3, caspase‐6, caspase‐7, cathepsin B, cathepsin D, cathepsin G, cathepsin K, cathepsin L, elastase‐2, granzyme A, granzyme B, matrix metallopeptidase‐2 (MMP2), MMP7, MMP9, thrombin, and trypsin‐1. Rather than representing the sequence pattern around the potential cleavage site through a series of flags with each flag representing one of the 20 standard amino acids, we first represent each amino acid by its calculated properties. For these calculated properties, we use validated cheminformatic descriptors, such as molecular weight, logP, and polar surface area, of the individual amino acids. Finally, the cleavage site‐specific descriptors are calculated through various combinations of the individual amino acid descriptors for the residues surrounding the cleavage site. Some of these combinations do not take into account the location of the residue, as long as it is in a prescribed neighborhood of the potential cleavage site, whereas others are sensitive to the precise order of the residues in the sequence. The key advantage of this approach is that it allows one to perform meaningful calculations with nonstandard amino acids for which little or no data exists. Finally, using both docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we examine the potential for and limitations of protease crystal structures to impact the design of proteolytically stable peptides. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 104: 775–789, 2015.
Relationships between structure, ionization profile and sensitivity of exogenous anabolic steroids under electrospray ionization and analysis in human urine using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Cha Eunju , Kim Sohee , Kim Hee Won , Lee Kang Mi , Kim Ho Jun , Kwon Oh‐Seung , Lee Jaeick 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe relationships between the ionization profile, sensitivity, and structures of 64 exogenous anabolic steroids (groups I–IV) was investigated under electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions. The target analytes were ionized as [M + H]+ or [M + H–nH2O]+ in the positive mode, and these ions were used as precursor ions for selected reaction monitoring analysis. The collision energy and Q3 ions were optimized based on the sensitivity and selectivity. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.05–20 ng/mL for the 64 steroids. The LODs for 38 compounds, 14 compounds and 12 compounds were in the range of 0.05–1, 2–5 and 10–20 ng/mL, respectively. Steroids including the conjugated keto‐functional group at C3 showed good proton affinity and stability, and generated the [M + H]+ ion as the most abundant precursor ion. In addition, the LODs of steroids using the [M + H]+ ion as the precursor ion were mostly distributed at low concentrations. In contrast, steroids containing conjugated/unconjugated hydroxyl functional groups at C3 generated [M + H − H2O]+ or [M + H − 2H2O]+ ions, and these steroids showed relatively high LODs owing to poor stability and multiple ion formation. An LC‐MS/MS method based on the present ionization profile was developed and validated for the determination of 78 steroids (groups I–V) in human urine. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of mequitazine in human plasma by gas chromatography– quadrupole mass spectrometry and its application to a human pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Ahn Sung‐Hoon , Maeng Han‐Joo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA specific and sensitive gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) with quadrupole mass analyzer type was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of mequitazine in human plasma. After liquid–liquid extraction of plasma samples containing mequitazine and promethazine (internal standard, IS) using hexane with pH adjustment, the extract was evaporated and an aliquot of reconstituted residue was injected into the GC‐MS system. The assay showed linearity over a concentration range from 1 to 50 ng/mL. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision for mequitazine was <9.09 and 9.29%, respectively, and intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy ranged from −7.97 to 9.05% and from −1.51 to 7.89%, respectively. The lower limit of quantification was 1 ng/mL in the present assay. The developed analytical method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after a single oral administration of mequitazine in human subjects. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The difference between blood‐associated and water‐associated herbs of Danggui‐Shaoyao San in theory of TCM, based on serum pharmacochemistry
Authors: Wang Yunlai , Li Guoqiang , Zhou Yu , Yin Dengke , Tao Chunlei , Han Lan , Yue Xiaoli , Pan Yongfu , Yao Yao , Peng Daiyin , Xu Fan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDanggui‐Shaoyao San (DSS) is a famous Chinese formula for activating blood circulation and promoting urination. This study was to investigate the difference of material basis between a blood‐associated herbs group and a water‐associated herbs group. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the formula can be divided into a blood‐associated herbs group (Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora and Ligusticum chuanxiong) and a water‐associated herbs group (Atractylodes macrocephala, Alisma orientale and Poria cocos). The HPLC fingerprint of the formula was established for quality control. Serum samples from rats, orally administrated DSS, and the decomposed recipes of DSS, were analyzed by HPLC‐DAD and the transitional blood components of DSS were identified. Twenty‐one common peaks were identified in the fingerprint of DSS. Contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, ferulic acid and alisol B 23‐acetate in co‐decoction were significantly higher than those in individual decoction. Eleven peaks belonged to the blood‐associated herbs group (four metabolites and seven prototype components; paeoniflorin and ferulic acid appeared in prototype components), whereas six peaks belonged to the water‐associated herbs group (three metabolites and three prototype components). It was concluded that the serum pharmacochemistry is a meaningful approach for clarifying the difference between blood‐associated and water‐associated herbs in chemical composition. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of 2D WO3 Nanomaterials with Enhanced Catalytic Activities: Current Status and Perspective
Authors: Wang Jiajun , Liu Chang‐jun 
Published: August 2015

Abstract2D WO3 nanomaterials have shown specific morphology, unique optical and electronic properties due to their decreasing dimension. Therefore, the preparation of 2D WO3 nanomaterials becomes extremely important. Hydrothermal and solvothermal methods are the frequently applied methods, which can realize a large amount of productions. Other preparation methods, such as cold plasma, exfoliation, and the solid‐liquid phase arc discharge (SLPAD) route, have also shown various improvements in reducing the thickness, size control or in a simple and easy fabrication with use of fewer chemicals. When used as supporting materials, 2D WO3 nanolamella significantly promote the dispersion of noble metals, improve the metal‐support interaction and increase the electron density of Pt. Besides, the 2D nanostructure can increase the charge‐carrier transfer rate, decrease the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, alter their photoabsorption properties and lead to higher specific surface area. These advantages effectively promote their optical properties and photocatalytic activity.
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ECAM1) is required in the maintenance of corneal epithelial barrier integrity
Authors: Zhou Jinzi , Jiang Jian , Wang Shuhong , Xia Xiaobo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCorneal epithelial barrier integrity is critical in the maintenance of the corneal homeostasis. The corneal barrier dysfunction may be associated with the pathogenesis of a number of eye diseases. In this study, we assessed the expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ECAM1) in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE). The epithelial barrier function of the corneal epithelial monolayer was determined in Transwells. We found that the HCE cells expressed ECAM1. Knockdown of ECAM1 markedly compromised the HCE monolayer barrier function. A complex of ECAM1, claudin1, and occludin was detected in the HCE monolayers, which was not detected in the ECAM1‐null HCE monolayers. Exposure to the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐13, inhibited the expression of ECAM1 in HCE cells and compromised the barrier function, which was prevented in the HCE monolayer with the ECAM1 overexpression. In conclusion, ECAM1 is required in the formation of the tight junction complex and maintaining the corneal epithelial barrier function.
Clinical outcomes of real‐world patients treated with an amphilimus polymer‐free stent versus new generation everolimus‐eluting stents
Authors: Panoulas Vasileios F. , Latib Azeem , Naim Charbel , Sato Katsumasa , Ielasi Alfonso , Tespili Maurizio , Godino Cosmo , Testa Luca , Bedogni Francesco , Colombo Antonio 
Published: August 2015

Objectives/BackgroundTo compare the 1‐year clinical outcomes after implantation of the amphilimus, polymer‐free stent (Cre8) versus new generation everolimus‐eluting stents (EESs) in a real‐world patient registry.MethodsA total of 187 consecutive patients treated with Cre8 between January 2011 and August 2013 in four Italian centers were included. These were propensity matched with 150 patients treated with new generation EES during the same period. Primary outcome was 1‐year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization.ResultsBoth groups had similar baseline characteristics, including diabetes (28% Cre8 vs. 27.3% EES, P = 0.972) and previous percutaneous coronary intervention (56% Cre8 vs. 58% EES, P = 0.726). There was a higher prevalence of B2/C lesions in the EES group (70.1% vs. 83.8%, P < 0.001). Total stent length per patient was similar. There were no significant differences in 1‐year estimated MACE (7.4% Cre8 vs. 10.2% EES, P = 0.261), all‐cause mortality (1.3% Cre8 vs. 1.4% EES, P = 0.823), target vessel revascularization (5.2% Cre8 vs. 8.8% EES, P = 0.169), and target lesion revascularization (3% Cre8 vs. 7.4% EES, P = 0.108) between the two groups. When adjusting for differences in baseline lesion characteristics, hazard ratioCre8/EES for MACE was not significantly different between the two groups (0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.37–1.53, Pnoninferiority = 0.001, Psuperiority = 0.432). In patients with diabetes (Cre8, n = 42; EEE, n = 41), 1‐year target lesion revascularization was 2.5% in the Cre8 group versus 14.6% in the EES group (P = 0.056).ConclusionsIn a “real‐world” patient registry, the Cre8 stent is associated with noninferior 1‐year MACE rates compared with that of new generation EES. Trends of superior efficacy in patients with diabetes treated with Cre8 require further investigation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term survival and preprocedural predictors of mortality in high surgical risk patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repair
Authors: Triantafyllis Andreas S. , Kortlandt Friso , Bakker Annelies L.M. , Swaans Martin J. , Eefting Frank D. , van der Heyden Jan A.S. , Post Martijn C. , Rensing Benno W.J.M. 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesTo evaluate long‐term survival in high surgical risk patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repair (MVR) using the MitraClip® system and to identify preprocedural predictors of long‐term mortality.BackgroundData for long‐term survival and preprocedural predictors of mortality after percutaneous MVR in high surgical risk patients are sporadic.MethodsFrom January 2009 to April 2013, 136 consecutive high surgical risk patients, with symptomatic moderate‐to‐severe or severe mitral regurgitation (MR), underwent percutaneous MVR using the MitraClip system. Cardiac and overall survival was determined at one and 2 years postprocedure. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify preprocedural predictors of long‐term mortality.ResultsOne year postprocedure, cardiac and overall survival was 86.7% and 84.6%, respectively and at 2 years cardiac and overall survival was 77.7% and 74.8%, respectively. In univariate analysis advanced age, lower body mass index, impaired renal function, elevated levels of log‐N‐terminal‐pro‐brain‐natriuretic‐peptide (log‐NTproBNP), poor performance in functional tests (New York Heart Association (NYHA) class) and high logistic Euroscore (LES) and Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score were identified as preprocedural predictors of long‐term cardiac mortality. In multivariate analysis preoperative NYHA class III and IV, elevated levels of log‐NTproBNP and advanced age predicted long‐term cardiac mortality.ConclusionsPercutaneous MVR using the MitraClip system has favorable long‐term survival rates in high surgical risk patients. Preprocedural NYHA functional class III and IV, elevated log‐NTproBNP levels and advanced age predict higher long‐term cardiac mortality and should be considered during patient selection. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Safety and feasibility of local myocardial hypothermia
Authors: Otterspoor Luuk C. , van't Veer Marcel , van Nunen Lokien X. , Wijnbergen Inge , Tonino Pim A.L. , Pijls Nico H.J. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundIn ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), reduction in time to reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery reduces infarct size. In animal models, an additional reduction of infarct size was observed when hypothermia was induced before reperfusion, despite a longer ischemic time. However, several human studies did not corroborate this positive effect, which is believed to be in part due to the inability of systemic induced hypothermia to induce sufficient decrease of local myocardial temperature before reperfusion. Providing rapid local myocardial hypothermia by intracoronary infusion of saline before reperfusion in patients with STEMI may overcome this problem. In this study, we evaluate the safety and feasibility of providing rapid intracoronary myocardial hypothermia in patients undergoing intracoronary blood flow measurements based on thermodilution with continuous infusion of saline at room temperature.Methods and ResultsIn 53 patients with stable angina (SA) and 20 patients with STEMI, a total of 215 measurements were performed. The measurements consisted of continuous selective intracoronary infusion of saline at room temperature with rates between 10 ml/min and 30 ml/min. Temperature changes compared to initial blood temperature (Tb) were measured at the tip of the infusion catheter (Ti) and distally in the coronary artery (Td). In patients with SA, Ti was −5.65 ± 1.41°C (range −9.27 to −2.28) and Td was −0.78 ± 0.51°C (range −3.27 to −0.23°C). In patients with STEMI, Ti was −7.45 ± 0.51°C (range −8.21 to −6.56) and Td was −1.37 ± 0.82°C (range −4.62 to −0.74°C). In all patients, steady‐state intracoronary hypothermia was achieved within 15 sec and could be maintained without noticeable complications.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of inducing intracoronary hypothermia by selective infusion of saline at room temperature in patients with SA and STEMI. Steady‐state hypothermia could be achieved and maintained quickly, easily, and safely using common PCI techniques. Therefore, our findings warrant further studies to the use of intracoronary hypothermia to enhance myocardial salvage in acute myocardial infarction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Implantation of everolimus‐eluting bioresorbable scaffolds in a diabetic all‐comers population
Authors: Wiebe Jens , Gilbert Florian , Dörr Oliver , Liebetrau Christoph , Wilkens Eva , Bauer Timm , Elsässer Albrecht , Möllmann Helge , Hamm Christian W. , Nef Holger M. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundDiabetes is associated with aggressive atherosclerosis, leading to an increased risk of in‐stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) are a new technology for the treatment of coronary lesions that might be beneficial due to their dissolving character, especially in diabetic patients.ObjectiveThis study was designed to evaluate feasibility and mid‐term clinical outcome of the implantation of PLLA‐based, everolimus‐eluting BRS for the treatment of coronary lesions in a diabetic all‐comers population.MethodsAll patients of an all‐comers registry with diabetes eligible for BRS implantation were included. Outcome parameters were target vessel failure (TVF), major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including target lesion revascularization (TLR), cardiac death, and myocardial infarction. Follow‐up was conducted via telephone and/or office visit.ResultsA total of 120 diabetic patients were included. Of all diabetics, 35.0% had insulin‐dependent diabetes, and all other patients were treated with oral antidiabetics or dietary modification. The median age was 67 (59–72) years and 26.7% were female. Patients underwent coronary angiography due to acute coronary syndrome in 50.8%. Of 127 lesions, 60.6% were B2/C lesions according to ACC/AHA classification. The 6‐month rates of TVF, TLR, and MACE were 8.9, 2.7, and 8.4%, respectively.ConclusionThis evaluation confirms reasonable clinical outcome of bioresorbable vascular scaffold implantation in a high‐risk diabetic population with predominately complex lesions during daily clinical practice. Nevertheless, long‐term data are required for final evaluation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reactivity of a Zn(Cys)2(His)2 Zinc Finger with Singlet Oxygen: Oxidation Directed toward Cysteines but not Histidines
Authors: Lebrun Vincent , Tron Arnaud , Lebrun Colette , Latour Jean‐Marc , McClenaghan Nathan D. , Sénèque Olivier 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSinglet oxygen (1O2) is an important reactive oxygen species in biology that has deleterious effects. Proteins constitute the main target of 1O2 in cells. Several organisms are able to mount a transcriptional defense against 1O2. ChrR and MBS are two proteins with Zn(Cys)2(His)2 zinc finger sites that are involved in the regulation of the defense against 1O2. In this article, we investigate the reactivity of Zn⋅CPF, a Zn(Cys)2(His)2 classical ββα zinc finger, with 1O2. We show that Zn⋅CPF interacts with 1O2 mainly by physical quenching using a combination of 1O2 luminescence quenching and kinetic competition experiments. The chemical reaction, which accounts for 5 % of the interaction, leads to oxidation of cysteines but not histidines. Primary photooxidation products, identified by HPLC and mass spectrometry, are sulfinate (75±5 %) and disulfides (25±5 %). The peptides that have a single cysteine thiolate oxidized into a sulfinate are still able to bind one equivalent Zn2+ but with a dramatic reduction of the binding constant compared to Zn⋅CPF despite the preservation of the ββα fold, as shown by NMR and CD titrations. Finally, Zn⋅CPF is compared to Zn⋅LTC, a treble clef Zn(Cys)4 zinc finger, to gain further insight into the behavior of zinc fingers toward 1O2.
Two Pseudopolymorphic Star‐Shaped Tetranuclear Co3+Compounds with Disulfide Anions Exhibiting Two Different Connection Modes and Promising Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Pienack Nicole , Lühmann Henning , Djamil John , Permien Stefan , Näther Christian , Haumann Sebastian , Weihrich Richard , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe compound [Co4(C6H14N2)4(μ4‐S2)2(μ2‐S2)4] (I) and the pseudo‐polymorph [Co4(C6H14N2)4(μ4‐S2)2(μ2‐S2)4]⋅4 H2O (II) were obtained under solvothermal conditions (C6H14N2=trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane). The structures feature S22−ions exhibiting two different coordination modes. Terminal S22−entities join two Co3+centres in a μ2fashion, whereas the central S22−groups connect four Co3+cations in a μ4‐ coordination mode. CompoundIIcan be transformed into compoundIby heat and storage over P2O5and storing compoundIin humid air yields in the formation of compoundII. The intermolecular interactions investigated through Hirshfeld surface analysis reveal that besides S⋅⋅⋅H bonding close contacts are associated with relatively weak H⋅⋅⋅H interactions. A detailed DFT analysis of the bonding situation explains the long SS bonds in the μ4‐bridging S22−units and the short bonds for the S22−moieties in the μ2‐connecting mode. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution experiments demonstrate the potential of compoundIIas catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Revisiting the Solution Structure of Ceric Ammonium Nitrate.
Authors: Demars Thomas J. , Bera Mrinal K. , Seifert Soenke , Antonio Mark R. , Ellis Ross J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSynchrotron X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, XANES, EXAFS, and Raman spectroscopy indicate that aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Pentapotassium Dihydrogen Nonavanadato(V)platinate(IV) Nonahydrate.
Authors: Joo Hea‐Chung , Lee Uk 
Published: August 2015

AbstractK5 [H2PtV9O28]·9H2O crystallizes in the triclinic space group P$\bar 1$ with Z = 2 (single crystal XRD).