bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Term extraction and Ramsey's theorem for pairs
Authors: Kreuzer Alexander P. , Kohlenbach Ulrich 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this paper we study with proof-theoretic methods the function(al)s provably recursive relative to Ramsey's theorem for pairs and the cohesive principle (COH).Our main result on COH is that the type 2 functional provably recursive fromare primitive recursive. This also provides a uniform method to extract bounds from proofs that use these principles. As a consequence we obtain a new proof of the fact thatis-conservative over PRA.Recent work of the first author showed thatis equivalent to a weak variant of the Bolzano-Weierstraß principle. This makes it possible to use our results to analyze not only combinatorial but also analytical proofs.For Ramsey's theorem for pairs and two colorswe obtain the upper bounded that the type 2 functional provable recursive relative toare inT1. This is the fragment of Gödel's systemTcontaining only type 1 recursion—roughly speaking it consists of functions of Ackermann type. With this we also obtain a uniform method for the extraction ofT1-bounds from proofs that use. Moreover, this yields a new proof of the fact thatis-conservative over.The results are obtained in two steps: in the first step a term including Skolem functions for the above principles is extracted from a given proof. This is done using Gödel's functional interpretation. After this the term is normalized, such that only specific instances of the Skolem functions are used. In the second step this term is interpreted using-comprehension. The comprehension is then eliminated in favor of induction using either elimination of monotone Skolem functions (for COH) or Howard's ordinal analysis of bar recursion (for).
Streptocara formosensis Sugimoto, 1930 (Nematoda: Acuariidae) in wild ducks from the southern coast of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Królaczyk K. , Kavetska K. , Stapf A. , Kalisińska E. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Although nematofauna of wild ducks in north-western Poland seems to be quite well known, researchers still discover species that are new for the fauna of this region and Europe in general. One of them is Streptocara formosensis Sugimoto, 1930 with distinct ecological specificity (the nematode parasites only ducks wintering in the southern Baltic Sea) and topospecificity (limited to the gizzard). During parasitological research on 1005 wild ducks representing 17 species, 13,333 nematodes were isolated, 360 of which (2.7 %) were identified as Streptocara formosensis Sugimoto, 1930. The distinguishing feature of this species from other nematodes of the genus Streptocara (Railliet, Henry and Sisoff, 1912) is the absence of a collar and a specific arrangement of deirids at the nerve ring. During the study, the nematodes were located only under the stratum corneum of the gizzard, lying down in the form of characteristic white “springs.” This is the first observation of this parasite in the nematofauna of Polish wild birds. The nematode was found in 84 (8.35 %) wild ducks representing 7 species: Aythya Marila (Aythyini), Bucephala clangula, Clangula hyemalis, Melanitta nigra, M. fusca, Mergus merganser, Mergellus albellus (Mergini). The highest prevalence (36.7 %) occurred in mergansers; the coefficient of dominance showed that S. formosensis is a subdominant species in B. clangula, C. hyemalis and M. merganser, and a rare species in other hosts. The presence of the parasite in only three out of 157 examined A. marila suggests that the greater scaup is only an accidental host for the nematode.
Intrusion detection system episteme
Authors: Mihályi Daniel , Novitzká Valerie , Ľaľová Martina 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
In our paper we investigate the possibilities of modal logics in coalgebras of program systems. We deal with a simplified model of an intrusion detection system. We model an intrusion detection system as a coalgebra and construct its Kripke model of coalgebraic modal linear logic using powerset endofunctor. In this model we present our idea how a fragment of epistemic linear logic can provide knowledge and belief of intrusion attempt.
General composition for high level Petri nets and its properties
Authors: Peťko Ivan , Hudák Štefan 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Composition of High Level Petri Nets in terms of joining relevant places and/or transitions is considered in the paper. In case of place composition type safe and combined types composition is contemplated. The process of composition is proposed and analysed in three separate cases with respect to the general approaches with minimal composition interface in each case but an analogous extension of the interface follows immediately from the approach introduced. Properties of the composition mechanism are analysed, namely preserving of boundedness, liveness and deadlock freedom. Conditions for preserving of the desired properties are introduced. Usability of the compositional mechanism is analysed in the process of de/compositional analysis.
Algorithm of traffic signs recognition based on the rapid transform
Authors: Gamec Jan , Urdzík Daniel , Gamcová Mária 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This paper presents a model of a system for invariant object recognition, which consists of five stages. The first stage shifts the object so that the centroid of the object coincides with the center of the image plane. The second stage is an application of the polar-coordinate transforms used to obtain N-dimensional vectors-representations of the input object. In this stage, any rotation of the input object becomes a cyclic shift of the output value of this stage. The third stage employs CT (Certain Transform), a class of shift-invariant transformations to provide invariant representations for cyclically shifted inputs. The next stage normalizes the outputs of the previous stage to obtain scale invariance. The final stage realizes a classification.
Command and control information systems semantic interoperability using a canonical messaging approach
Authors: Galinec Darko , Steingartner William , Macanga Danijel 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
In presence of rapid development of information and communications technology (ICT) able to increase data processing, much more data can be stored, used and/or mediated and disseminated. Today, information and knowledge become a resource of strategic importance in complex systems, both business and military. On the other hand the question of credibility of the collected data arises: complex systems have to deal with an increasing access to information with less knowledge about their origins and their quality. Due to this lack of information on information, contemporary organizations suffer from organizational indifference. In this paper the ways and means for ensuring semantic interoperability in order to achieve information superiority in complex systems are examined, with special emphasis to military systems using Command and Control Information Systems (C2IS). Canonical messages (canonical intermediaries) based on canonical forms (canonical data models and formats) reduce the number of transformation maps that system must create and manage. An approach based on canonical messaging within the military domain is presented: Multilateral Interoperability Programme (MIP). If implemented correctly and consistently it should lead to achievement of information superiority.
Digital preservation of historical buildings using virtual reality technologies
Authors: Hrozek František , Sobota Branislav , Szabó Csaba 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
3D model creation and visualization is often used in digital preservation of looks and structure of historical buildings. Virtual reality (VR) technologies facilitate this 3D model creation and visualization. 3D scanner can be used for acceleration of the data collection and model creation. 3D displays can be used to improve visual perception and 3D printing can be used for physical model creation. In this paper is presented the way for preservation of historical buildings using virtual reality technologies. Example of preservation procedure, which consists from 3D scanning, 3D model creation, optimization and visualization, is shown on the historical building of The State Theatre of Košice.
Dynamics of the Baltic clam Macoma balthica (Mollusca: Bivalvia) infection with digeneans from the Gymnophallidae family in the Gulf of Gdańsk
Authors: Zgud Izabela , Rolbiecki Leszek , Wołowicz Maciej 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Macoma balthica is a marine bivalve commonly occurring in the boreal zone. It is one of the most common zoobenthos species in the Baltic Sea, including the Gulf of Gdańsk, and a significant element of the food web. Observations of the infection prevalence in M. balthica from different parts of Gulf of Gdańsk were conducted in 2007-2008, taking into account the water depth. Metacercariae of Gymnophalloides (=Lacunovermis) macomae (prevalence: 89.0%) were found, as well as sporocysts with metacercariae of Parvatrema affinis (prevalence: 1.1%) and unidentified sporocysts with cercariae (prevalence: 1.3%). The most infected clams were found on the shallowest research station (30 m).
Simultaneous accumulation of anatoxin-a and microcystins in three fish species indigenous to lakes affected by cyanobacterial blooms
Authors: Pawlik-Skowrońska Barbara , Toporowska Magdalena , Rechulicz Jacek 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
A four-year study carried out in a lake with perennial water blooms caused by toxigenic Planktothrix agardhii (Oscillatoriales) and Anabaena lemmermanii, Anabaena flos-aquae, Anabaena spp. and Aphanizomenon issatchenkoi (Nostocales) revealed that the lake-dwelling fish were threatened by simultaneous exposure to intracellular and extracellular microcystins (MCs) as well as anatoxin-a (ANTX). Higher contents of anatoxin-a and microcystins were found in livers than in fish muscles. This is the first report on ANTX accumulation in the common fish, indigenous to European freshwaters during perennial cyanobacterial blooms. Generally, the omnivorous roach (Rutilus rutilus) and Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) accumulated higher amounts of MCs in their tissues compared to mostly predacious perch (Perca fluviatilis), and similar amounts of ANTX. The long-lasting presence of MCs exceeding the safe levels for consumption was found in fish muscles. ANTX accumulation in fish muscles (up to 30 ng g−1 FW) suggests the probability of its transfer in a food chain.
A review of biological research in the Vistula Lagoon
Authors: Paturej Ewa , Gutkowska Agnieszka , Mierzejewska Joanna 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The Vistula Lagoon, a brackish water body that offers unique living conditions to aquatic organisms, is an interesting object of hydrobiological investigations. This paper presents a review of biological research conducted on the Vistula Lagoon, from simple floristic and faunistic analyses to satellite-based comprehensive environmental analyses. Changes that occurred in the studied aquatic ecosystem due to human pressure over the last century are discussed. Innovative research technologies determined what measures should be taken to preserve the unique biocenoses in the Vistula Lagoon.
The STarT Back Screening Tool and Individual Psychological Measures: Evaluation of Prognostic Capabilities for Low Back Pain Clinical Outcomes in Outpatient Physical Therapy Settings
Authors: Beneciuk Jason M. , Bishop Mark D. , Fritz Julie M. , Robinson Michael E. , Asal Nabih R. , Nisenzon Anne N. , George Steven Z. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundPsychologically informed practice emphasizes routine identification of modifiable psychological risk factors being highlighted.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to test the predictive validity of the STarT Back Screening Tool (SBT) in comparison with single-construct psychological measures for 6-month clinical outcomes.DesignThis was an observational, prospective cohort study.MethodsPatients (n=146) receiving physical therapy for low back pain were administered the SBT and a battery of psychological measures (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire physical activity scale and work scale [FABQ-PA and FABQ-W, respectively], Pain Catastrophizing Scale [PCS], 11-item version of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia [TSK-11], and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9]) at initial evaluation and 4 weeks later. Treatment was at the physical therapist's discretion. Clinical outcomes consisted of pain intensity and self-reported disability. Prediction of 6-month clinical outcomes was assessed for intake SBT and psychological measure scores using multiple regression models while controlling for other prognostic variables. In addition, the predictive capabilities of intake to 4-week changes in SBT and psychological measure scores for 6-month clinical outcomes were assessed.ResultsIntake pain intensity scores (β=.39 to .45) and disability scores (β=.47 to .60) were the strongest predictors in all final regression models, explaining 22% and 24% and 43% and 48% of the variance for the respective clinical outcome at 6 months. Neither SBT nor psychological measure scores improved prediction of 6-month pain intensity. The SBT overall scores (β=.22) and SBT psychosocial scores (β=.25) added to the prediction of disability at 6 months. Four-week changes in TSK-11 scores (β=−.18) were predictive of pain intensity at 6 months. Four-week changes in FABQ-PA scores (β=−.21), TSK-11 scores (β=−.20) and SBT overall scores (β=−.18) were predictive of disability at 6 months.LimitationsPhysical therapy treatment was not standardized or accounted for in the analysis.ConclusionsPrediction of clinical outcomes by psychology-based measures was dependent upon the clinical outcome domain of interest. Similar to studies from the primary care setting, initial screening with the SBT provided additional prognostic information for 6-month disability and changes in SBT overall scores may provide important clinical decision-making information for treatment monitoring.
Is the “Intelligibility of Religious Language” Debate Dead?
Authors: Sweet William 
Published: November 2012

Abstract: One important issue in Anglo-American philosophy of religion during the last half-century concerns whether religious language is intelligible—that is, cognitively meaningful. While many have regarded the debate over intelligibility as problematic, the current status of the issue may not be clear. In this paper I review some of the history of this philosophical debate and present the recent discussion, including some discussion in theology on this question. I also propose how one might defend the intelligibility of religious language.
Where Nature Weds Culture
Authors: Dasgupta Samir 
Published: November 2012

Jalais, Annu. 2010. Forest of Tigers: People, Politics, and Environment in the Sundarbans. New York: Routledge.Pandian, Anand. 2009. Crooked Stalks: Cultivating Virtue in South India. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Subramanian, Ajantha. 2009. Shorelines: Space and Rights in South India. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
Delineation of Alar Ligament Morphology: Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 1.5 and 3 Tesla
Authors: Schmidt Peter , Mayer Thomas E. , Drescher Robert 
Published: November 2012

Rupture of the alar and transverse ligaments due to whiplash injury can lead to upper cervical spine instability and subsequent neurological deterioration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the normal anatomical variability of the alar ligaments in asymptomatic individuals with 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare the findings with standard 1.5-T examinations.
Thirty-six participants underwent 3-T and 1.5-T MRIs. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were analyzed by classifying the alar ligaments with regard to the features detectability, signal intensity compared with muscle tissue, homogeneity, shape, spatial orientation, and symmetry. Delineation of the alar ligaments was significantly better on 3-T images, which were subjectively preferred for evaluation. The alar ligaments showed great variability. In the majority of participants, the alar ligaments were hypointense to muscle tissue, inhomogeneous, and different in shape and orientation. A statistically significantly higher number of ligaments appeared symmetric on 3-T imaging, indicating that 1.5-T imaging may underestimate the proportion of patients with normal, symmetric ligaments.
This study demonstrates that high-field 3-T MRI provides better visualization of the alar ligaments compared with 1.5-T MRI. The higher signal-to-noise ratio allows detection of small signal changes. A great interindividual variety of the MRI morphology of the alar ligaments was found in participants with no history of neck trauma. Further studies with more participants are necessary to evaluate alar ligament pathologies in patients with a history of whiplash injury.
Ulnar Nerve Palsy Associated With Closed Midshaft Forearm Fractures
Authors: Suganuma Seigo , Tada Kaoru , Hayashi Hiroyuki , Segawa Takeshi , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2012

Ulnar nerve palsy is a rare complication of closed midshaft forearm fractures; only 8 cases have been reported. This article describes a case of ulnar nerve palsy associated with a midshaft forearm fracture.
A 12-year-old girl sustained a right midshaft forearm fracture. Whether she had a peripheral nerve injury was unknown due to strong pain. She underwent emergency manual reduction and intramedullary pinning. However, ulnar nerve palsy was remarkable postoperatively and gradually worsened. Therefore, neurolysis was performed 9 weeks later. The nerve had adhered to surrounding scar tissue. Six months after a second surgery, she had no motor dysfunction. The pathogenesis of ulnar nerve palsy complicated with midshaft forearm fractures varies and may be the result of direct contusion, direct damage by a bony spike, bony entrapment after closed reduction, and entrapment by a scar. In the current case, the patient was uncooperative at initial examination. Therefore, it is unknown whether she presented with immediate ulnar nerve palsy after the fracture. However, the ulnar nerve was not entrapped at the fracture site, and the surrounding muscle was intact but adhered to the surrounding scar tissue. The etiology of this case was considered to be entrapment by scar formation. According to a literature search, the authors recommend exploring the nerve approximately 8 to 10 weeks after primary surgery, after which neurological symptoms do not tend to improve.
CCR1-Mediated STAT3 Tyrosine Phosphorylation and CXCL8 Expression in THP-1 Macrophage-like Cells Involve Pertussis Toxin-Insensitive Gα14/16 Signaling and IL-6 Release
Authors: Lee Maggie M. K. , Chui Ricky K. S. , Tam Issan Y. S. , Lau Alaster H. Y. , Wong Yung H. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Agonists of CCR1 contribute to hypersensitivity reactions and atherosclerotic lesions, possibly via the regulation of the transcription factor STAT3. CCR1 was demonstrated to use pertussis toxin-insensitive Gα14/16 to stimulate phospholipase Cβ and NF-κB, whereas both Gα14 and Gα16 are also capable of activating STAT3. The coexpression of CCR1 and Gα14/16 in human THP-1 macrophage-like cells suggests that CCR1 may use Gα14/16 to induce STAT3 activation. In this study, we demonstrated that a CCR1 agonist, leukotactin-1 (CCL15), could indeed stimulate STAT3 Tyr705 and Ser727 phosphorylation via pertussis toxin-insensitive G proteins in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells, human erythroleukemia cells, and HEK293 cells overexpressing CCR1 and Gα14/16. The STAT3 Tyr705 and Ser727 phosphorylations were independent of each other and temporally distinct. Subcellular fractionation and confocal microscopy illustrated that Tyr705-phosphorylated STAT3 translocated to the nucleus, whereas Ser727-phosphorylated STAT3 was retained in the cytosol after CCR1/Gα14 activation. CCL15 was capable of inducing IL-6 and IL-8 (CXCL8) production in both THP-1 macrophage-like cells and HEK293 cells overexpressing CCR1 and Gα14/16. Neutralizing Ab to IL-6 inhibited CCL15-mediated STAT3 Tyr705 phosphorylation, whereas inhibition of STAT3 activity abolished CCL15-activated CXCL8 release. The ability of CCR1 to signal through Gα14/16 provides a linkage for CCL15 to regulate IL-6/STAT3–signaling cascades, leading to expression of CXCL8, a cytokine that is involved in inflammation and the rupture of atherosclerotic plaque.
IL-10 Produced by Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) Controls Colitis and Pathogenic Ex-iTregs during Immunotherapy
Authors: Schmitt Erica G. , Haribhai Dipica , Williams Jason B. , Aggarwal Praful , Jia Shuang , Charbonnier Louis-Marie , Yan Ke , Lorier Rachel , Turner Amy , Ziegelbauer Jennifer , Georgiev Peter , Simpson Pippa , Salzman Nita H. , Hessner Martin J. , Broeckel Ulrich , Chatila Talal A. , Williams Calvin B. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
“Natural” regulatory T cells (nTregs) that express the transcription factor Foxp3 and produce IL-10 are required for systemic immunological tolerance. “Induced” regulatory T cells (iTregs) are nonredundant and essential for tolerance at mucosal surfaces, yet their mechanisms of suppression and stability are unknown. We investigated the role of iTreg-produced IL-10 and iTreg fate in a treatment model of inflammatory bowel disease. Colitis was induced in Rag1−/− mice by the adoptive transfer of naive CD4+ T cells carrying a nonfunctional Foxp3 allele. At the onset of weight loss, mice were treated with both iTregs and nTregs where one marked subset was selectively IL-10 deficient. Body weight assessment, histological scoring, cytokine analysis, and flow cytometry were used to monitor disease activity. Transcriptional profiling and TCR repertoire analysis were used to track cell fate. When nTregs were present but IL-10 deficient, iTreg-produced IL-10 was necessary and sufficient for the treatment of disease, and vice versa. Invariably, ∼85% of the transferred iTregs lost Foxp3 expression (ex-iTregs) but retained a portion of the iTreg transcriptome, which failed to limit their pathogenic potential upon retransfer. TCR repertoire analysis revealed no clonal relationships between iTregs and ex-iTregs, either within mice or between mice treated with the same cells. These data identify a dynamic IL-10–dependent functional reciprocity between regulatory T cell subsets that maintains mucosal tolerance. The niche supporting stable iTregs is limited and readily saturated, which promotes a large population of ex-iTregs with pathogenic potential during immunotherapy.