bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regenerative nature-based tourism: tour guides and stakeholder dynamics in Arctic Norway
Authors: Omma Frida Marie 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe research paper aims to explore how tour guides can contribute to regenerative tourism and the ways in which natureculture guiding practices align with stakeholder interests and the perspectives of tourism futures.Design/methodology/approachThe ethnographic study used a multispecies approach to nature-based tourism in Arctic Norway and Sápmi, incorporating a Sámi methodology and non-human relationality.FindingsThe tour guides recognise that they are part of a more-than-human world and practice ethics that are responsible for their relations to non-human actors. Transformative experiences that are active learning opportunities can strengthen a sense of care within the tourists and pose as potential regenerative incomes in local communities, instead of extractive industries. Local knowledge and Sámi ways of being have a vital role in the tour guides' natureculture practices, which can revitalise cultural heritage and strengthen Indigenous empowerment.Practical implicationsThe article suggests that tourism management and local governments must prioritise the support of tour guide initiatives involving restorative properties for socio-ecological systems. Citizen science and cultural activities are some ways that can generate a thriving ecosystem and create meaningful interactions between local communities and tourists.Originality/valueThe research highlights the unique role of tour guides as intermediaries who can translate regenerative principles into action, communicate the essence of place and take part in innovative collaborations. Tour guide practices align with the stakeholder view that tourism futures should benefit the communities and respect ecological limits.
Are negative reviews the order terminators? An aspect-based sentiment threshold analysis of online reviews in the context of sharing accommodation
Authors: Wang Bo , Jin Xin , Ma Ning 
Published: June 2024

PurposeExisting research has predominantly concentrated on examining the factors that impact consumer decisions through the lens of potential consumer motivations, neglecting the sentiment mechanisms that propel guest behavioral intentions. This study endeavors to systematically analyze the underlying mechanisms governing how negative reviews exert an influence on potential consumer decisions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper constructs an “Aspect-based sentiment accumulation” index, a negative or positive affect load, reflecting the degree of consumer sentiment based on affect infusion model and aspect-based sentiment analysis. Initially, it verifies the causal relationship between aspect-based negative load and consumer decisions using ordinary least squares regression. Then, it analyzes the threshold effects of negative affect load on positive affect load and the threshold effects of positive affect load on negative affect load using a panel threshold regression model.FindingsAspect-based negative reviews significantly impact consumers’ decisions. Negative affect load and positive affect load exhibit threshold effects on each other, with threshold values varying according to the overall volume of reviews. As the total number of reviews increases, the impact of negative affect load diminishes. The threshold effects for positive affect load showed a predominantly U-shaped course of change. Hosts respond promptly and enthusiastically with detailed, lengthy text, which can aid in mitigating the impact of negative reviews.Originality/valueThe study extends the application of the affect infusion model and enriches the conditions for its theoretical scope. It addresses the research gap by focusing on the threshold effects of negative or positive review sentiment on decision-making in sharing accommodations.
Reconfiguring gender, kinship, and spirituality: space‐ and place‐making in Muslim Malaysia
Authors: Thimm Viola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the public and private spaces of Malaysia's capitalist cities, Malay women abide by a stricter Islamic dress code than they do in rural areas. Hence, in this local context, spatial public/private and ‘placial’ rural/urban order are of importance for gender identifications and practices. These orders imply influences on gendered forms of embodiment in the form of dress codes. This research examines the sociocultural constitutions of space and place in Malaysia regarding their relatedness to one another. The central argument states (1) that public space in Muslim contexts is defined as a social space in which men and women who are eligible to marry (non‐mahram) encounter each other; and (2) that these relations are perceived and practised differently in urban and rural public and private spaces. This implies that the public‐private divide is based significantly on gendered kinship relations: that is, concepts of family.
Inequality in Denmark, 1987–2021
Authors: Leth‐Petersen Søren , Sæverud Johan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe investigate the progression of income inequality in Denmark over the years 1987–2021. During this time, we observe a consistent rise in inequality in household disposable income. This rise is influenced by shifts at both the high and low ends of the income spectrum, despite the fact that inequality in gross earnings remained unchanged up until 2008. The growing inequality in household disposable income coincides with various policy reforms aimed at enhancing incentives for employment. These changes include the reduction of the marginal tax rate on earned income and a decrease in the generosity of unemployment benefits and other forms of social assistance. At the same time, Denmark has experienced a noticeable increase in immigration, particularly from non‐Western countries and Eastern Europe. Immigrants, who rely more heavily on social transfers, find themselves increasingly at the lower income levels. Our analysis underscores that while the policy reforms were designed to encourage employment, they have also led to heightened inequality in disposable income.
Components of the evolution of income inequality in Sweden, 1990–2021
Authors: Karimi Arizo , Lucke Charlotte , Palme Mårten 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper documents how the inequality of household equivalent disposable income has changed in Sweden over the period 1990–2021. We find that income inequality has unambiguously increased. Measured by the Gini coefficient, inequality increased from around 0.19 to almost 0.3 by the end of 2020. We then analyse the backgrounds to this change by measuring the importance of changes in different components of the overall income distribution: the wage distribution; the distribution of hours of work; capital incomes; income differences between labour market participants and non‐participants; income redistribution through income taxes and benefits; and, finally, the effect of increased immigration to Sweden.
Changing patterns of inequality in Norway: the roles of gender, education, immigration and unions
Authors: Bennett Patrick , Salvanes Kjell 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe assess the evolution of inequality over time in Norway and the underlying factors which determine such changes. Inequality is low in Norway, and remains relatively unchanged from 1980 to 2019. However, these aggregate measures mask persistent inequalities across sex, education and immigrant status. Among men, inequality increases from 1980 while the opposite is true for women. Low‐educated workers fare increasingly worse over time relative to middle‐ and high‐educated workers. Despite this, the earnings of women lag behind those of lower‐educated men and considerable gender gaps exist. While immigration increases considerably, immigration itself does not drive the rise in inequality among men. Decomposing the importance of unions for earnings reveals that the declining importance of unionisation for earnings among men in the bottom half of the distribution may be an important factor behind rising inequality.
Birth expectations, birth experiences and childbirth‐related post‐traumatic stress symptoms in mothers and birth companions: Dyadic investigation using response surface analysis
Authors: Buyukcan‐Tetik Asuman , Seefeld Lara , Bergunde Luisa , Ergun Turan Deniz , Dikmen‐Yildiz Pelin , Horsch Antje , Garthus‐Niegel Susan , Oosterman Mirjam , Lalor Joan , Weigl Tobias , Bogaerts Annick , Van Haeken Sarah , Downe Soo , Ayers Susan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesDuring the perinatal period, women and their birth companions form expectations about childbirth. We aimed to examine whether a mismatch between birth expectations and experiences predict childbirth‐related post‐traumatic stress symptoms (CB‐PTSS) for mothers and birth companions. We also explored the influence of the mismatch between mothers' and birth companions' expectations/experiences on CB‐PTSS.DesignDyadic longitudinal data from the Self‐Hypnosis IntraPartum Trial.MethodsParticipants (n = 469 mothers; n = 358 birth companions) completed questionnaires at 27 and 36 weeks of gestation and 2 and 6 weeks post‐partum. We used the measures of birth expectations (36 weeks gestation), birth experiences (2 weeks post‐partum) and CB‐PTSS (6 weeks post‐partum).ResultsCorrelations revealed that birth expectations were associated with experiences for both mothers and birth companions but were not consistently associated with CB‐PTSS. Birth experiences related to CB‐PTSS for both mothers and birth companions. The response surface analysis results showed no support for the effect of a mismatch between expectations and experiences on CB‐PTSS in mothers or birth companions. Similarly, a mismatch between mothers' and birth companions' expectations or experiences was unrelated to CB‐PTSS.ConclusionsFollowing previous literature, birth expectations were associated with experiences, and experiences were associated with CB‐PTSS. By testing the effect of the match between birth experiences and expectations using an advanced statistical method, we found that experiences play a more substantial role than the match between experiences and expectations in CB‐PTSS. The impact of birth experiences on CB‐PTSS highlights the importance of respectful and supportive maternity care.
A single‐site feasibility randomised controlled trial comparing ‘my hypo compass’ short pyscho‐educational intervention with standard care alone in individuals with type 1 diabetes and impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia
Authors: Bashir Ayat , Flatt Anneliese J. , Richell Gez , Shaw James A. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThe HypoCOMPaSS multi‐centre trial achieved improvement in hypoglycaemia awareness and 20‐fold reduction in severe hypoglycaemia (SH) in a cohort with long‐standing type 1 diabetes (T1D). All participants received ‘my hypo compass’ (MHC) brief structured psycho‐educational intervention in addition to optimisation of insulin delivery/glucose monitoring. In this 24‐week, prospective, single‐centre feasibility RCT, we piloted MHC as a sole intervention in comparison to standard clinical care alone (CON).MethodsParticipants with T1D and impaired hypoglycaemia awareness (IAH) (Clarke score ≥4) were recruited. MHC comprised a group/individual 1–2 h face‐to‐face session followed by a telephone call and second face‐to‐face session at 4 weeks. Outcome measures at 24 weeks were compared with baseline.ResultsFifty‐two individuals provided consent for screening with 39 fulfilling eligibility criteria. Fifteen withdrew before any study intervention. Twenty‐four adults with (mean ± SD) T1D duration 41.0 ± 15.1 years commenced/completed the study (100% visit attendance); 12 randomised to MHC and 12 to CON. All had IAH at baseline and at 24 weeks. Annualised SH rate following MHC was 3.8 ± 19.0 (24 weeks) versus 12.6 ± 3.5 (Baseline) and in CON group 2.0 ± 19.0 (24 weeks) versus 4.6 ± 11.5 (Baseline). ‘Immediate Action’ for and ‘Worry’ about hyperglycaemia measured by the Hyperglycaemia Avoidance Scale appeared lower following MHC. Participants attended all study visits and reflected positively on the MHC intervention.ConclusionsFeasibility of MHC implementation without additional intervention has been demonstrated. MHC education was associated with positive changes in attitudes and behaviours with the potential to reduce SH risk. MHC provides a validated, simple, well‐received programme to fulfil the educational component within RCTs targeting problematic hypoglycaemia and as part of holistic clinical care.
Supply chain finance and firm strategic change: A firm life cycle perspective
Authors: Ma Chen , Liu Qian , Cao Ruiqing , Dai Zixuan , Guo Fei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUsing a proprietary data set from the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, we examine the relationship between Supply Chain Finance (SCF) and strategic change in core firms. Our analysis reveals that SCF facilitates strategic change in growing firms but hinders it in declining firms, with no significant effect on mature firms. In growing firms, SCF enhances risk‐taking capacity and reduces equity costs, while in declining firms, it stabilizes supply chains and increases customer concentration. In mature firms, SCF leads to strategic inertia. Economic tests suggest SCF aids firms in establishing unique competitive advantages at various stages of their life cycles.
Closed inguinal castration technique in horses compared with field castrations using post‐operative serum amyloid A analysis
Authors: Riemersma Dirk Jan , Fahlbusch Gerold , Rijkenhuizen Astrid B. M. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe inflammatory response to a truly closed castration procedure in 51 horses using an inguinal approach was quantified by serum amyloid A (SAA) measurements to be on average 94 mg/L on day three after surgery. The average SAA value after field castrations, using a scrotal approach, was reported by four different investigations to be between 480 and 708 mg/L on day three post‐operatively. The discrepancy in SAA levels between these different approaches proved to be significant (p < 0.001), quantifying a substantially lower inflammatory response of the closed inguinal technique over regular field castrations using a scrotal approach.
Personal connections, financial advisors and M&A outcomes
Authors: Jandik Dobrina , Jandik Tomas , Xu Weineng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPersonal connections (based on prior employment, educational, or social club membership overlaps) between top executives and board members of the bidding firm and those of the bidder financial advisor affect Mergers and Acquisition (M&A) outcomes. M&A deals where bidder top managers share past personal work‐related connections with their advisors are associated with 1.7% lower bidder announcement returns compared to the returns for deals without such connections. We also show M&A deals advised by personally connected financial advisors are more likely to be completed but take longer to get finalized. Last, when connections exist, the bidder CEO receives a higher cash bonus upon completion of the deal, and the financial advisors are rewarded by higher advisor fees. Overall, our findings suggest that personal connections between bidders and their financial advisors could be detrimental.
Setts of European badger Meles meles in open habitats: trend or exception?
Authors: Kurek Przemysław , Wiatrowska Blanka , Ważna Agnieszka , Vink Hans 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReports on the location of badger setts generally focussed on woodland habitats and paid little attention to open areas. There was a negative correlation between the number of setts in open landscape and the proportion of forest cover with an inflection point at 25–35%. A higher proportion of badger setts in open habitats is observed when forest cover is below the inflection point. The location of setts in the open landscape results from the dominance of these habitats and the low availability of woodland and that is a permanent aspect of badger behaviour and not a short‐term trend.
Fake News!
Authors: Weatherall James Owen , O’Connor Cailin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe review several topics of philosophical interest connected to misleading online content. First we consider proposed definitions of different types of misleading content. Then we consider the epistemology of misinformation, focusing on approaches from virtue epistemology and social epistemology. Finally we discuss how misinformation is related to belief polarization, and argue that models of rational polarization present special challenges for conceptualizing fake news and misinformation.
Elementary preservice teachers' use of prompts to encourage student‐to‐student talk during simulated argumentation discussions
Authors: Masters Heidi L. , Lottero‐Perdue Pamela S. , Placa Nicora , Galindo Enrique , Mikeska Jamie N. , Howell Heather 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProviding opportunities for students to talk directly with their peers is a critical dimension to facilitating discussions in mathematics and science, including argumentation‐focused discussions in which students construct arguments and critique others' arguments. Research suggests that supporting student‐to‐student talk and facilitating argumentation discussions are complex and challenging practices for preservice teachers (PSTs). Elementary PSTs from two mathematics and two science methods courses practiced facilitating student‐to‐student talk within the context of an argumentation‐focused discussion. This study's main purpose was to explore the prompts that 29 PSTs used to encourage student‐to‐student talk in a simulated classroom. Findings show the PSTs were able to use direct prompts that encourage student‐to‐student talk but were just as likely to use prompts that may discourage students from talking to each other. Most direct prompts PSTs used to encourage student‐to‐student talk were for the purpose of argumentation construction and/or critique. PSTs were more likely to use indirect prompts, much like Talk Moves, that encourage students to consider others' ideas rather than requesting that students talk with each other. These findings have important implications for future research, as well as for teacher educators and professional learning facilitators who support teachers learning to encourage student‐to‐student talk during argumentation‐focused discussions.
Supplemental Material: Collision structures of the Prince William terrane and Chugach terrane docking along the Shumagin and Unimak convergent margins, Alaska, USA
Authors: Huene Roland von , Miller John J. 
Published: June 2024

<p>Maps of the October 2020 earthquake aftershocks area showing lower plate source structure, the orientation of lower crustal fabric, and bend faulting. ALEUT line 6 illustrating the absence of coherent landward dipping reflections in ALEUT seismic lines other than line 5 and an explanation of limits in migrating strike reflections. </p>
Achieved oxygen saturations and risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia with pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants
Authors: Gentle Samuel J , Singh Avinash , Travers Colm P , Nakhmani Arie , Carlo Waldemar A , Ambalavanan Namasivayam 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveCharacterisation of oxygen saturation (SpO2)-related predictors that correspond with both bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH) development and survival status in infants with BPD-PH may improve patient outcomes. This investigation assessed whether (1) infants with BPD-PH compared with infants with BPD alone, and (2) BPD-PH non-survivors compared with BPD-PH survivors would (a) achieve lower SpO2distributions, (b) have a higher fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) exposure and (c) have a higher oxygen saturation index (OSI).DesignCase–control study between infants with BPD-PH (cases) and BPD alone (controls) and by survival status within cases.SettingSingle-centre study in the USA.PatientsInfants born at <29 weeks’ gestation and on respiratory support at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age.ExposuresFiO2exposure, SpO2distributions and OSI were analysed over the week preceding BPD-PH diagnosis.Main outcomes and measuresBPD-PH, BPD alone and survival status in infants with BPD-PH.Results40 infants with BPD-PH were compared with 40 infants with BPD alone. Infants who developed BPD-PH achieved lower SpO2compared with infants with BPD (p<0.001), were exposed to a higher FiO2(0.50 vs 0.34; p=0.02) and had a higher OSI (4.3 vs 2.6; p=0.03). Compared with survivors, infants with BPD-PH who died achieved a lower SpO2(p<0.001) and were exposed to a higher FiO2(0.70 vs 0.42; p=0.049).ConclusionsSpO2-related predictors differed between infants with BPD-PH and BPD alone and among infants with BPD-PH by survival status. The OSI may provide a non-invasive predictor for BPD-PH in preterm infants.
Case of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, possibly secondary to vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis, successfully treated with rituximab
Authors: Temido Maria José , Lopes Sandra , Figueiredo Pedro , Portela Francisco 
Published: June 2024

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), autoimmune destruction of erythrocytes is most commonly secondary to immunomodulated conditions. The association between AIHA and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been poorly investigated. We aim to report a case of AIHA in a patient with ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with vedolizumab.A case of a woman in her 30s with UC that after the initiation of vedolizumab developed severe anaemia. Due to the absence of visible blood losses and a positive Coombs direct test, the diagnosis of AIHA was established. The patient initially initiated prednisolone with no response. Rituximab had to be introduced. After a few days with this therapy, there was a clinical and analytical improvement.AIHA must be taken into account as a possible cause of anaemia in patients with IBD. The differential diagnosis between IBD or drug-related (namely vedolizumab) as the cause of the AIHA is complex and almost impossible to establish.
Classifying and quantifying changes in papilloedema using machine learning
Authors: Branco Joseph , Wang Jui-Kai , Elze Tobias , Garvin Mona K , Pasquale Louis R , Kardon Randy , Woods Brian , Szanto David , Kupersmith Mark J 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMachine learning (ML) can differentiate papilloedema from normal optic discs using fundus photos. Currently, papilloedema severity is assessed using the descriptive, ordinal Frisén scale. We hypothesise that ML can quantify papilloedema and detect a treatment effect on papilloedema due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension.MethodsWe trained a convolutional neural network to assign a Frisén grade to fundus photos taken from the Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Treatment Trial (IIHTT). We applied modified subject-based fivefold cross-validation to grade 2979 longitudinal images from 158 participants’ study eyes (ie, the eye with the worst mean deviation) in the IIHTT. Compared with the human expert-determined grades, we hypothesise that ML-estimated grades can also demonstrate differential changes over time in the IIHTT study eyes between the treatment (acetazolamide (ACZ) plus diet) and placebo (diet only) groups.FindingsThe average ML-determined grade correlated strongly with the reference standard (r=0.76, p<0.001; mean absolute error=0.54). At the presentation, treatment groups had similar expert-determined and ML-determined Frisén grades. The average ML-determined grade for the ACZ group (1.7, 95% CI 1.5 to 1.8) was significantly lower (p=0.0003) than for the placebo group (2.3, 95% CI 2.0 to 2.5) at the 6-month trial outcome.InterpretationSupervised ML of fundus photos quantified the degree of papilloedema and changes over time reflecting the effects of ACZ. Given the increasing availability of fundus photography, neurologists will be able to use ML to quantify papilloedema on a continuous scale that incorporates the features of the Frisén grade to monitor interventions.