bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parallel similarity joins on massive high‐dimensional data using MapReduce
Authors: Ma Youzhong , Meng Xiaofeng , Wang Shaoya 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYIn this paper, we focus on high‐dimensional similarity join (HDSJ) using MapReduce paradigm. As the volume of the data and the number of the dimensions increase, the computation cost of HDSJ will increase exponentially. There is no existing effective approach that can process HDSJ efficiently, so we propose a novel method called symbolic aggregate approximation (SAX)‐based HDSJ to deal with the problem. SAX is the abbreviation of symbolic aggregate approximation that is a dimensionality reduction technique and widely used in time series processing, we use SAX to represent the high‐dimensional vectors in this paper and reorganize these vectors into groups based on their SAX representations. For the very high‐dimensional vectors, we also propose an improved SAX‐based HDSJ approach. Finally, we implement SAX‐based HDSJ and improved SAX‐based HDSJ on Hadoop‐0.20.2 and perform comprehensive experiments to test the performance, we also compare SAX‐based HDSJ and improved SAX‐based HDSJ with the existing method. The experiment results show that our proposed approaches have much better performance than that of the existing method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lessons learned implementing a science gateway for hydro‐meteorological research
Authors: D'Agostino Daniele , Danovaro Emanuele , Clematis Andrea , Roverelli Luca , Zereik Gabriele , Parodi Antonio , Galizia Antonella 
Published: September 2015

SummaryA full hydrometeorological (HM) simulation, from rainfall to impact on urban areas, is a multidisciplinary job, which relies on the execution of a workflow composed of complex and heterogeneous model engines. Moreover, the accuracy of the simulation is strongly dependent on an extensive set of configuration parameters, which have to be selected in a consistent way among the models. Within the Distributed Research Infrastructure for Hydro‐Meteorology project, a Web‐based science gateway was developed with the aim to support HM researchers in designing, executing, and managing HM experiments. The core of this science gateway is the portal, which takes care of generating all the configuration files and handles the execution of simulation steps on a heterogeneous computing infrastructure composed of high‐performance computing, Grid resources, and Cloud resources. This paper presents technological insights about the implementation of the portal, with an analysis of the adopted technologies and infrastructures. Our experience highlights the need of coherent policies in the management of data, computational resources, and software components that represent the ecosystem to develop science gateways. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2′‐Methoxyacetophenone: An Efficient Photosensitizer for Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer Formation
Authors: Liu Lizhe , Pilles Bert M. , Reiner Anne M. , Gontcharov Julia , Zinth Wolfgang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractStationary and time‐resolved experiments show that 2′‐methoxyacetophenone (2‐M) is an interesting compound for the investigation of triplet states in thymine samples. Time‐resolved emission experiments show that the fluorescence lifetime of 2‐M is 660 ps. A similar time constant of 680 ps is found in transient IR experiments. The data indicate efficient intersystem crossing (≈97 %) from the fluorescent singlet state to the triplet state. The lifetime of the triplet state of 2‐M dissolved in D2O at room temperature and ambient oxygen concentration is 400 ns. 2‐M has a strong absorption in the UV‐A range and can photosensitize the triplet state of a thymidine dinucleotide with light at a wavelength of 320 nm. The experiments show that 2‐M is well‐suited for time‐resolved experiments on the triplet‐sensitizing process.
The Influence of Surface Modification on the Photoluminescence of CdTe Quantum Dots: Realization of Bio‐Imaging via Cost‐Effective Polymer
Authors: Jin Gan , Jiang Li‐Ming , Yi Dong‐Mei , Sun Hai‐Zhu , Sun Hong‐Chen 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTo impart biocompatibility, stability, and specificity to quantum dots (QDs)—and to reduce their toxicity—it is essential to carry out surface modification. However, most surface‐modification processes are costly, complicated, and time‐consuming. In addition, the modified QDs often have a large size, which leads to easy aggregation in biological environments, making it difficult to excrete them from in vivo systems. To solve these problems, three kinds of conventional polymers, namely, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, neutral), sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS, negative charged), and poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA, positive charged) were selected to modify the surface of QDs at low cost via a simple process in which the size of the QDs was kept small after modification. The effect of polymer modification on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of the QDs was systematically investigated. High quantum yields (QYs) of 65 % were reached, which is important for the realization of bio‐imaging. Then, the cytotoxicity of CdTe QD–polymer composites was systematically investigated via MTT assay using the Cal27 and HeLa cell lines, especially for high concentrations of QD–polymer composites in vitro. The experimental results showed that the cytotoxicity decreased in the order CdTe‐PDDA>CdTe>CdTe‐PSS>CdTe‐PVA, indicating that PSS and PVA can reduce the toxicity of the QDs. An obvious cytotoxicity of CdTe‐PVA and CdTe‐PSS was present until 120 h for the Cal27 cell line and until 168 h for the HeLa cell line. At last, the Cal27 cell line was selected to realize bio‐imaging using CdTe‐PSS and CdTe‐PVA composites with different emission colors under one excitation wavelength.
Reversible Carbene Formation in the Ionic Liquid 1‐Ethyl‐3‐Methylimidazolium Acetate by Vaporization and Condensation
Authors: Kar Bishnu Prasad , Sander Wolfram 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe role of N‐heterocyclic carbenes in the chemistry of ionic liquids based on imidazolium salts has long been discussed. Here, we present experimental evidence that 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium‐2‐ylidene (EMIm) can coexist with its protonated imidazolium cation (EMImH+) at low temperatures. If the vapor of the ionic liquid [EMImH+][AcO−] is trapped in solid argon or nitrogen at 9 K, only acetic acid (AcOH) and the carbene, but no ionic species, are found by IR spectroscopy. This indicates that during the evaporation of [EMImH+][AcO−] proton transfer occurs to form the neutral species. If the vapor of [EMImH+][AcO−] is trapped at 9 K as film in the absence of a host matrix, a solid consisting of EMImH+, EMIm, AcO−, and AcOH is formed. During warming to room temperature the proton transfer in the solid to form back the IL [EMImH+][AcO−] can be monitored by IR spectroscopy. This clearly demonstrates that evaporation and condensation of the IL [EMImH+][AcO−] results in a double proton transfer, and the carbene EMIm is only metastable even at low temperatures.
Measuring the Absorption Rate of CO2 in Nonaqueous CO2‐Binding Organic Liquid Solvents with a Wetted‐Wall Apparatus
Authors: Mathias Paul M. , Zheng Feng , Heldebrant David J. , Zwoster Andy , Whyatt Greg , Freeman Charles M. , Bearden Mark D. , Koech Phillip 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe kinetics of the absorption of CO2 into two nonaqueous CO2‐binding organic liquid (CO2BOL) solvents were measured at T=35, 45, and 55 °C with a wetted‐wall column. Selected CO2 loadings were run with a so‐called “first‐generation” CO2BOL, comprising an independent base and alcohol, and a “second‐generation” CO2BOL, in which the base and alcohol were conjoined. Liquid‐film mass‐transfer coefficient (k′g) values for both solvents were measured to be comparable to values for monoethanolamine and piperazine aqueous solvents under a comparable driving force, in spite of far higher solution viscosities. An inverse temperature dependence of the k′g value was also observed, which suggests that the physical solubility of CO2 in organic liquids may be making CO2 mass transfer faster than expected. Aspen Plus software was used to model the kinetic data and compare the CO2 absorption behavior of nonaqueous solvents with that of aqueous solvent platforms. This work continues our development of the CO2BOL solvents. Previous work established the thermodynamic properties related to CO2 capture. The present paper quantitatively studies the kinetics of CO2 capture and develops a rate‐based model.
Higher risk for incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality among community‐dwelling octogenarians without pneumococcal vaccination
Authors: Ahmed Momanna B. , Patel Kanan , Fonarow Gregg C. , Morgan Charity J. , Butler Javed , Bittner Vera , Kulczycki Andrzej , Kheirbek Raya E. , Aronow Wilbert S. , Fletcher Ross D. , Brown Cynthia J. , Ahmed Ali 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimsOctogenarians have the highest incidence of heart failure (HF) that is not fully explained by traditional risk factors. We explored whether lack of pneumococcal vaccination is associated with higher risk of incident HF among octogenarians.Methods and resultsIn the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), 5290 community‐dwelling adults, ≥65 years of age, were free of baseline HF and had data on pneumococcal vaccination. Of these, 851 were octogenarians, of whom, 593 did not receive pneumococcal vaccination. Multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations of lack of pneumococcal vaccination with incident HF and other outcomes during 13 years of follow‐up were estimated using Cox regression models, adjusting for demographics and other HF risk factors including influenza vaccination. Octogenarians had a mean (±SD) age of 83 (±3) years; 52% were women and 17% African American. Overall, 258 participants developed HF and 662 died. Lack of pneumococcal vaccination was associated with higher relative risk of incident HF (aHR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.01–1.85; P = 0.044). There was also higher risk for all‐cause mortality (aHR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02–1.49; P = 0.028), which was mostly driven by cardiovascular mortality (aHR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.06–1.98; P = 0.019). Octogenarians without pneumococcal vaccination had a trend toward higher risk of hospitalization due to pneumonia (aHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.99–1.81; P = 0.059). These associations were not observed among those 65–79 years of age.ConclusionsAmong community‐dwelling octogenarians, lack of pneumococcal vaccination was associated with a significantly higher independent risk of incident HF and mortality, and trend for higher pneumonia hospitalization.
γδ T cells come to stay: Innate skin memory in the Aldara model
Authors: Prinz Immo , Sandrock Inga 
Published: September 2015

The term immunological memory has long been a trademark restricted to adaptive lymphocytes such as memory B cells and plasma cells as well as memory CD8+ αβ T cells. In recent years, innate lymphocytes such as NK cells have also been shown to adapt to their environment by antigen‐specific expansion and selective survival. However, whether γδ T cells mount comparable memory responses to pathogenic stimuli is less well understood. In this issue of European Journal of Immunology, Hartwig et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2015. 45: 3022–3033] identify a subset of IL‐17‐producing γδ T cells that are capable of establishing long‐lived memory in the skin of mice exposed to imiquimod in the Aldara psoriasis model. These γδ T cells uniformly express a Vγ4+Vδ4+ TCR. They produce IL‐17A/F and persist in the dermis for long periods of time, also at untreated distal sites. Upon secondary challenge, experienced Vγ4+Vδ4+ cells show enhanced effector functions and mediate exacerbated secondary inflammation. These findings showcase innate γδ T‐cell memory that uses a single conserved public TCR combination. Furthermore, they provide mechanistic insight to the observed psoriatic relapses in patients in response to topical treatment with imiquimod.
Influence of the Crystal Structure on the Luminescence Properties of Mixed Eu,La–(1,10‐Phenanthroline) Complexes
Authors: Yang Ting‐Hai , Fu Lianshe , Ferreira Rute A. S. , Nolasco Mariela M. , Rocha João , Carlos Luís D. , Shi Fa‐Nian 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA series of europium Eu‐ and La‐doped complexes with two different crystal structures, namely, EuxLa1–x(phen)2(NO3)3 [phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline, x = 1.0 (1), 0.88 (2), 0.73 (3), and 0.52 (4)] and {[EuxLa1–x(phen)2(H2O)2(NO3)2](NO3)·2(phen)(H2O)} [x = 0.28 (5) and 0.0 (6)], were synthesized in aqueous solution by using different Eu/La ratios.The complexes were characterized by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. Compounds 1–4 and 5, 6 were obtained for Eu/La molar ratios higher than 5:5 and smaller than 3:7, respectively. The photoluminescence properties of these compounds depend on the crystal structure, which is determined by the Eu/La reactant ratio. Complexes 1–4 exhibit a quantum efficiency (η = 55 %) and quantum yield (q = 31 %) higher than 5 (η = 23 % and q = 6 %). The photophysical properties assessed by using the LUMPAC software are in good accord with the experimental values, particularly, the calculated (26 %) and measured emission quantum yields (31 %; excitation at the ligands at 255 nm).
Host‐Sensitized Photoluminescence and Coordination Environment Evolution in Ba6(Bi1–xTbx)9B79O138 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1)
Authors: Li Qiaoqi , Cong Rihong , Gao Wenliang , Yang Tao 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBorates are well‐known candidates for optical materials and, here, we are particularly interested in Ba6Bi9B79O138 (BBBO), which has an interesting layered‐type structure and Bi3+‐containing characteristics that has prompt us to explore its host‐sensitized photoluminescence (PL). Solid solutions of BBBO:xTb3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) were prepared and its host‐sensitized photoluminescence was confirmed, which is a result of the efficient Bi3+‐to‐Tb3+ energy transfer. Furthermore, an evolution of the coordination environments of the Bi3+/Tb3+ sites was observed when increasing x. This evolution was found to correlate to the variation of the PL spectra. In particular, the value of the ratio of cyan/green [defined as I(5D4→7F6)/I(5D4→7F5) of Tb3+] was about 0.28 when x < 0.4, and it increased to 0.71 at x = 0.9 and thereafter remained almost constant. Ba6(RE0.3–yBiyTb0.7)9B79O138 (RE = La or Y, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.3) were also prepared for better understanding of the host‐sensitization effect and in both series, Ba6(RE0.1Bi0.2Tb0.7)9B79O138 show the highest emission.
Metal–Halogen Secondary Bonding in a 2,5‐Dichlorohydroquinonate Cobalt(II) Complex: Insight into Substrate Coordination in the Chlorohydroquinone Dioxygenase PcpA
Authors: Schofield Jeremy A. , Brennessel William W. , Urnezius Eugenijus , Rokhsana Dalia , Boshart Monica D. , Juers Douglas H. , Holland Patrick L. , Machonkin Timothy E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDespite the unprecedented selectivity of the hydroquinone ring‐cleaving dioxygenase PcpA for ortho‐chlorohydroquinones, there are no examples of an ortho‐chlorohydroquinone bound to a transition‐metal complex. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of (TpPh2Co)2(μ‐2,5‐dichlorohydroquinonate), for which TpPh2 is tris(3,5‐diphenylpyrazolyl)borate, were explored. The dianionic 2,5‐dichlorohydroquinonate bridges two (TpPh2Co) moieties and coordinates each cobalt(II) center through the oxygen and chlorine atoms of the chlorohydroquinone. The Co–Cl distance of 2.778 Å shows the characteristics of a metal–halogen secondary bond, as we previously showed in ortho‐halophenolate complexes. This compound represents the first example of metal–halogen secondary bonding with a halohydroquinone and, thus, provides a potential structural model for selective substrate binding to the metal center in PcpA.
A Ferricyanide‐mediated Activated Sludge Bioassay for Determination of the Toxicity of Water
Authors: Ma Haipeng , Yong Daming , Kim Hojong , Zhang Zhijia , Ma Shenghua , Han Xiaojun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractActivated sludge was successfully exploited as the medium in the fast ferricyanide‐mediated toxicity (FM‐TOX) bioassay. The mediated biosensor toxicity assessment using activated sludge greatly simplified the testing process and improved detection sensitivity. The principle of the method is that the respiration of bacteria in the activated sludge is inhibited by the pollutants, and the extent of the inhibition is related to the concentration of toxicants. A series of experimental conditions (activated sludge concentration, incubation time, reaction temperature and pH of the solution) were optimized in order to increase the sensitivity. Different kinds of toxicants and natural water samples were examined under the best conditions and IC50 values of them were obtained respectively. According to the testing results, a toxicity order was given: Hg2+>Zn2+>Cd2+>Pb2+ for heavy metal ions; 3,5‐DCP>PA>Methanol for organic toxicants and Machete>DDT for pesticides. The detection limits for those pollutants are lower than the values in the national standard. These results confirmed that this sensor may serve as an early warning device for avoiding environmental pollution and affecting public health.
Fabrication of Hierarchical Hollow Manganese Silicate Spheres for the Simultaneous Enhanced Determination of 2‐Aminophenol and 4‐Aminophenol
Authors: Sun Junyong , Shi Zhaoxia , Li Jifan , Liu Bingbing , Gan Tian 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe developed a new electrochemical method for the simultaneous determination of 2‐aminophenol (2‐AP) and 4‐aminophenol (4‐AP) based on hollow manganese silicate spheres. The hierarchical hollow structure of manganese silicate submicrometer spheres was formed by the assemblage of numerous nanobubbles, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images. As sensing material for the simultaneous determination of 2‐AP and 4‐AP for the first time, the electrochemical performances of 2‐AP and 4‐AP were studied in detail. The detection limits (S/N=3) for 2‐AP and 4‐AP were as low as 18 and 11 nM, respectively.
Could Voltammetry be an Effective Alternative Technique to Study Adsorption Kinetics of Electroactive Metal Ions?
Authors: Araújo Diele A. G. , Faria Ana C. A. , Takeuchi Regina M. , Santos André L. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe suitability of LSV to study adsorption kinetics of metal ions was evaluated using Cu2+ adsorption on Amberlite® IR‐120 as a model system. LSV provided results in agreement with conventional batch method with remarkable decreasing on analysis time and reagents consumption, since no adsorbent/adsorbate separation is required. Adsorption curves can be obtained in situ using only one portion of adsorbate solution. LSV provides higher temporal resolution for adsorption curves, which is indispensable to evaluate adsorption mechanisms and the performance of new adsorbent materials. Therefore, LSV not only saves time and reagents but also provides better quality of kinetic adsorption data.
Enantioselective column coupled electrophoresis employing large bore capillaries hyphenated with tandem mass spectrometry for ultra‐trace determination of chiral compounds in complex real samples
Authors: Piešťanský Juraj , Maráková Katarína , Kovaľ Marián , Havránek Emil , Mikuš Peter 
Published: September 2015

A new multidimensional analytical approach for the ultra‐trace determination of target chiral compounds in unpretreated complex real samples was developed in this work. The proposed analytical system provided high orthogonality due to on‐line combination of three different methods (separation mechanisms), i.e. (1) isotachophoresis (ITP), (2) chiral capillary zone electrophoresis (chiral CZE), and (3) triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (QqQ MS). The ITP step, performed in a large bore capillary (800 μm), was utilized for the effective sample pretreatment (preconcentration and matrix clean‐up) in a large injection volume (1–10 μL) enabling to obtain as low as ca. 80 pg/mL limits of detection for the target enantiomers in urine matrices. In the chiral CZE step, the different chiral selectors (neutral, ionizable, and permanently charged cyclodextrins) and buffer systems were tested in terms of enantioselectivity and influence on the MS detection response. The performance parameters of the optimized ITP – chiral CZE‐QqQ MS method were evaluated according to the FDA guidance for bioanalytical method validation. Successful validation and application (enantioselective monitoring of renally eliminated pheniramine and its metabolite in human urine) highlighted great potential of this chiral approach in advanced enantioselective biomedical applications.
Effects of the boscalid fungicide Filan® on the marine amphipod Allorchestes compressa at environmentally relevant concentrations
Authors: Vu Hung T. , Keough Michael J. , Long Sara M. , Pettigrove Vincent J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Fungicides are widely used in agriculture to control fungal diseases. After application, fungicides can be transported offsite to surface and groundwater and ultimately enter estuarine and marine environments. The presence of fungicides in the marine environment may pose risks to marine organisms, but little is known about fungicide effects on these organisms, especially invertebrates. The present study investigated the effects of the commonly used boscalid fungicide Filan® on life history traits, feeding rate, and energy reserves (lipid, glycogen, and protein content) of the marine amphipod Allorchestes compressa over 6 wk under laboratory conditions. Amphipods were exposed to 3 concentrations of Filan (1 μg, 10 μg, and 40 μg active ingredient [a.i.]/L), with 5 replicates per treatment. Lipid content and reproduction were the most sensitive measures of effect, with lipid content reduced by 53.8% at the highest concentration. Survival, growth, and other energy reserves of amphipods were also negatively affected by Filan, and the effects were concentration dependent. Antennal deformities were incidentally observed on the amphipods at a concentration of 40 μg a.i./L. The results of the present study indicate comprehensive effects of the boscalid fungicide Filan on A. compressa at environmentally relevant concentrations. The decline or absence of A. compressa in marine ecosystems could impair the ecosystem function because of their important role in trophic transfer and nutrient recycling. The authors' results suggest that even though the use of fungicides is often regarded as posing only a minor risk to aquatic organisms, the assessment of their long-term effects is critical. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1130–1137. © 2015 SETAC
Insights into the nature of uranium target proteins within zebrafish gills after chronic and acute waterborne exposures
Authors: Bucher Guillaume , Mounicou Sandra , Simon Olivier , Floriani Magali , Lobinski Ryszard , Frelon Sandrine 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

New data on the nature of the protein targets of uranium (U) within zebrafish gills were collected after waterborne exposure, with the aim of a better understanding of U toxicity mechanisms. Some common characteristics of the U protein target binding properties were found, such as their role in the regulation of other essential metals and their phosphorus content. In total, 21 potential protein targets, including hemoglobin, are identified and discussed in terms of the literature. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:736–741. © 2015 SETAC