bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of clay–TiO2 nanocomposite thin films with barrier and photocatalytic properties for food packaging application
Authors: Bodaghi Hojatollah , Mostofi Younes , Oromiehie Abdulrasoul , Ghanbarzadeh Babak , Hagh Ziba Ghasimi 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) nanocomposite films with two types of nanoparticles, TiO2 (3 wt %) and Closite 20A (3 and 5 wt %), were prepared using a melt blow extrusion as an industrial method and their properties such as mechanical properties, water vapor, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas barrier, and antimicrobial activity were tested. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were also performed to determine the degree of dispersion and exfoliation of nanoparticles. Mechanical test indicated that the reinforcement in the presence of the nanocomposites was more than that with their conventional counterparts, and the highest stiffness was achieved in a sample containing 5 wt % clay and 3 wt % TiO2. Exfoliation of silicate layers and a good dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in LDPE were achieved as confirmed by XRD and TEM. The gas barrier properties were improved after formation of the nanocomposites especially by insertion of 5 wt % of clay nanoparticles as a filler in the LDPE matrix. The photocatalytic effect of the nanocomposite film was carried out by antimicrobial evaluation against Pseudomonas spp. and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and by ethylene removal test using 8 W ultraviolet (UV) lamps with a constant relative intensity of 1 mW cm−2. The greatest effects were recorded by combining UVA illumination and active film. It was also proven that the photocatalyst thin film with improved barrier properties prepared by extrusion could be used in horticultural product packaging applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41764.
Silica‐based matrices: State of the art and new perspectives for therapeutic drug delivery
Authors: Andreani Tatiana , Silva Amélia M. , Souto Eliana B. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractColloidal carriers based on silica (Si) matrices are an innovative approach within the context of therapeutic drug delivery systems. These carriers are emerging as a great promise for diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of injuries, particularly in cancer and infectious diseases. In addition, bioencapsulation for biosensing and cell therapy in silica sol–gel allows the survival of enzymes and cells for a long period of time. Owing to their porosity, large surface area, and high capability of functionalization, silica nanoparticles (SiNP) have been considered as an attractive option for several bioanalysis applications, such as selective bioseparation, imaging, and drug and gene delivery. However, although great advances are achieved in the biomedical fields, some toxicity effects can be associated with the use of SiNP. This article aims to present a comprehensive review of recent technological advances for silica matrices in biomedical applications, as well as the potential impact of silica‐based materials on human health and environment.
Adiponectin attenuates Ang Ⅱ‐induced TGFβ1 production in human mesangial cells via an AMPK‐dependent pathway
Authors: Tan Min , Tang Gongyao , Rui Hongliang 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGlomerulosclerosis is a key element in end‐stage renal failure. Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in modulating cell growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation. Adiponectin, a protein derived from adipocytes, is primarily involved in regulating glucose levels and fatty acid break down. It has recently been shown to have antiatherosclerotic and anti‐inflammatory properties. However, the role of adiponectin as a renoprotective agent has not been fully explored. We herein examine the effect of adiponectin on Ang II‐induced TGFβ1 and ECM production in human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs) and explore the signaling pathway involved. In this study, we found that both adiponectin receptor 1 and adiponectin receptor 2 are expressed in HRMCs. Adiponectin (10 μg/mL) attenuated the stimulatory effect of Ang II on TGF‐β1 and fibronectin. Furthermore, adiponectin activated the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the AMPK‐specific inhibitor (compound C) blocked AMPK activation. We also determined that compound C blocked the inhibitory effect of adiponectin on Ang II‐stimulated TGFβ1 and fibronectin production. In summary, these results demonstrate that adiponectin suppresses Ang II‐induced synthesis of ECM in mesangial cells via activation of the AMPK pathway. Based on our data, we suggest that this mechanism could delay the progression of kidney disease.
Analysis of the role of O‐glycosylation in GH51 α‐l‐arabinofuranosidase from Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Amore Antonella , Serpico Annabel , Amoresano Angela , Vinciguerra Roberto , Faraco Vincenza 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn this study, the recombinant α‐l‐arabinofuranosidase from the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus (rPoAbf) was subjected to site‐directed mutagenesis with the aim of elucidating the role of glycosylation on the properties of the enzyme at the level of S160 residue. As a matter of fact, previous mass spectral analyses had led to the localization of a single O‐glycosylation at this site. Recombinant expression and characterization of the rPoAbf mutant S160G was therefore performed. It was shown that the catalytic properties are slightly changed by the mutation, with a more evident modification of the Kcat and KM toward the synthetic substrate pN‐glucopyranoside. More importantly, the mutation negatively affected the stability of the enzyme at various pHs and temperatures. Circular dichroism (CD) analyses showed a minimum at 210 nm for wild‐type (wt) rPoAbf, typical of the beta‐sheets structure, whereas this minimum is shifted for rPoAbf S160G, suggesting the presence of an unfolded structure. A similar behavior was revealed when wt rPoAbf was enzymatically deglycosylated. CD structural analyses of both the site‐directed mutant and the enzymatically deglycosylated wild‐type enzyme indicate a role of the glycosylation at the S160 residue in rPoAbf secondary structure stability.
RETRACTION: Knockdown of GPR137 by RNAi inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis
Authors: Cui Xianping , Liu Yanguo , Wang Bo , Xian Guozhe , Liu Xin , Tian Xingsong , Qin Chengkun 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRETRACTION: G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of cell‐surface molecules involved in a number of biological and pathological processes, have recently emerged as key players in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Orphan G protein‐coupled receptors (oGPCRs) are a group of proteins lacking endogenous ligands. GPR137, one of the novel oGPCR genes, was discovered by homology screening. However, the biological role of GPR137 in cancers has not yet been discussed and is of great therapeutic interest. In this study, we knocked down GPR137 via a lentivirus system in two human pancreatic cancer cell lines BXPC‐3 and PANC‐1. Knockdown of GPR137 strongly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation. Flow cytometry showed that cell cycle was arrested in the sub‐G1 phase and apoptotic cells were significantly increased after GPR137 knockdown. Western blotting confirmed that GPR137 silencing induced apoptosis due to cleavage of PARP (poly ADP‐ribose polymerase) and upregulation of caspase 3. Furthermore, lentivirus‐mediated overexpression of GPR137 promoted the proliferation of PANC‐1 cells, suggesting GPR137 as a potential oncogene in pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, our results prove the importance of GPR137 as a crucial regulator in controlling cancer cell growth and apoptosis.
Determination of oligomeric states of peptide complexes using thermal unfolding curves
Authors: Rabe Martin , Boyle Aimee , Zope Harshal R. , Versluis Frank , Kros Alexander 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIn their native form peptides are often found as oligomeric complexes, meaning they consist of more than one peptide chain. Coiled coils and helical bundles are common examples of such complexes. Their oligomeric state needs to be known precisely as this tremendously influences their biochemical and biophysical properties. The extensive analysis of circular dichroism spectroscopic data is commonly used to investigate the thermodynamics of binding and folding of these complexes. Here we present FitDis! an easy‐to‐use programme, which fits the most common two‐state unfolding transition to the measured thermal unfolding curves of any oligomer of any stoichiometry. We demonstrate, with simulated and real examples, that the comparison of different stoichiometric models fitted to the same dataset reveals the oligomeric states of these complexes along with detailed thermodynamic information. This method will significantly ease the analysis of and increase the amount of information gained from, the thermal unfolding curves of peptide complexes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 104: 65–72, 2015.
The Claisen Rearrangement – Part 2: Impact Factor Analysis of the Claisen Rearrangement, in Batch and in Flow
Authors: Hessel Volker , Shahbazali Elnaz , Noël Timothy , Zelentsov Sergei 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn Part 2, the factors impacting the Claisen rearrangement both in batch and flow processing are analyzed, including the choice of substituent, catalyst, temperature, pressure, concentration, flow rates, and solvent. Part 1 of this review series discussed the potential of using short‐time spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations to elucidate the mechanism and transition state of the Claisen rearrangement. Flow processing offers profound opportunities for studying these factors known to impact the Claisen rearrangement done in batch. It is shown that the same impact factors also rule flow processing, yet now superposed by the very different residence and reaction time settings and by novel process windows which go beyond conventional processing. As a result, massive intensification can be reached and a mechanistic analysis can be done in entirely unpaved processing fields. This links to the analysis given in part 1: it is likely that flow processing can further promote the understanding of the mechanism and transition state of the Claisen rearrangement and, thereby, promote the achievement of better reaction performance.
Snapshot in surgery: intraperitoneal encapsulated fat necrosis
Authors: Oh Han Boon , Arab Nahlah , Teo Lynette , Lieske Bettina 
Published: December 2014

Key Clinical MessageA 66‐year‐old man with rectal cancer was found to have an incidental ring‐like lesion in the left rectovesical pouch. Histology revealed an encapsulated fat necrosis. Intraperitoneal encapsulated fat necroses are postulated to be a result of infarcted epiploic appendages resulting in a free‐floating lesion.
Disseminated histoplasmosis associated with acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Rajput Ashish , Bence‐Bruckler Isabelle , Huebsch Lothar , Jessamine Peter , Toye Baldwin , Padmore Ruth 
Published: December 2014

Key Clinical MessageHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially life‐threatening clinical syndrome caused by uncontrolled activation of lymphocytes and histiocytes resulting in high levels of cytokines. Acquired HLH occurs in autoimmune, inflammatory, infectious, and immunosuppressive disorders. Prompt identification and treatment of an underlying triggering cause improves clinical outcome.
Goodpasture's disease following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a case report & literature review
Authors: Cranfield Alistair , Mathavakkannan Suresh 
Published: December 2014

Key Clinical MessageShock wave lithotripsy may unmask epitopes within the glomerular basement membrane, leading to the formation of anti‐glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies and clinical disease in susceptible individuals. Although rare, our case highlights the need for vigilant monitoring of renal function following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. This may allow for early recognition, treatment and improved outcome of anti‐GBM disease.
Geophysical Interpretation and Formation Mechanism of the Yandang Low Uplift in the East China Sea Shelf Basin
Authors: Chuan‐Sheng YANG , Gang LI , Xi‐Wu LUAN , Chang‐Qing YANG , Jian‐Ming GONG , Yan‐Qiu YANG , Yan‐Hui SUO 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe Yandang Low Uplift is a significant tectonic unit of the East China Sea Shelf Basin, which has previously received little attention. Based on the geophysical interpretation of seismic, gravity and magnetic data, Mesozoic distributions and basin structures are studied in this work to reveal formation mechanism of the Yandang Low Uplift. Our results show that the Yandang Low Uplift is characterized by a series of circular gravity highs which trend NE in free air gravity anomaly map and residual gravity anomaly map, but magnetic lows of about −60∼–160 nT in △T magnetic anomaly map, including some magnetic highs caused by magma intrusion. The uplift lies between the Oujiang Sag and the Minjiang Sag along a discontinuous NE‐trending axis, about 170 km long and 15∼50 km wide. Jurassic and Cretaceous strata are widely distributed on the uplift, with a thickness of about 500∼1500 m, and cover a total area of about 5000 km2 with some local absence. The Oujiang Sag distinctly differs from the Minjiang Sag in the structure of Mesozoic basin. The former is a typical faulted basin bordered by En‐echelon faults to the east, where Mesozoic half‐grabens and tilted fault blocks are well developed. However, the latter is a down‐warped basin with few faults and igneous rocks, where Mesozoic compressional anticlines, faulted anticlines and inverted structures are well developed. Above all, this study deduces that the Yandang Low Uplift is a palaeo‐uplift comprised of Proterozoic strata and distinct from the Taipei Low Uplift. Furthermore, the Yandang Low Uplift and the Zhe‐Min Uplift might be joined in a single entity in Jurassic, and divided into two parts in late Cretaceous.
Seismic Activities and Earthquake Potential in the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Qi‐Dong DENG , Shao‐Ping CHENG , Ji MA , Peng DU 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau is a region with intensive tectonic deformation and high level earthquake activity. On the basis of historical records, there have been 18 earthquakes with magnitude over 8 and more than 100 events with magnitude between 7 and 7.9 in the plateau. All of these events occured either along plate boundary of the Himalaya or along boundaries among the intra‐plate fault blocks as well as sub‐blocks. There have been three phases of earthquake clustering in the Tibetan Plateau, 1920 to 1937, 1947 to 1976, and 1995 to present, since instrumental seismic records began in 1900. Each phase of the cluster is characterized by events of magnitude over 8 and a number of events of magnitude over 7 to form an earthquake series. The three phases are the Haiyuan‐Gulang earthquake series in 1920s to 1930s, the Zayu‐Damxung earthquake series in 1950s to 1970s, and the Kunlun‐Wenchuan series since the beginning of this century. Each earthquake series also has its major active region of occurrences. For example, the major active region of occurrence is associated with the newest phase of earthquake series is the Bayan Har fault block. The episodes of seismic activity in the Tibetan Plateau coincide with the high level activities of global mega‐earthquake (Mw ≥ 8) activity. The Kunlun‐Wenchuan earthquake series concurs with the global earthquake activity since 2001 suggesting geodynamic connections between them. Based on careful comparative studies, we suggest the current phase of earthquake activity continues today, giving that the global mega‐earthquakes (Mw8∼9) occur frequently along plate boundaries and major intra‐plate earthquakes (Mw7∼8) occur along boundaries of crustal fault block. Through studies of relationships between global and regional earthquake activities and of temporal and spatial distribution of the earthquakes in the Tibetan Plateau, this paper summarized general tendencies of current earthquake activity, assesses recent earthquake potential, and proposes suggestions for intensive earthquake monitoring.
One‐Way Wave Equation Least‐Squares Migration Based on Illumination Compensation
Authors: Hua‐Min ZHOU , Sheng‐Chang CHEN , Hao‐Ran REN , Han‐Chuang WANG , Guo‐Xin CHEN 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLeast‐squares migration is a linear seismic inversion method which is established based on the linear relationship between seismic reflection data and underground reflection. Compared with conventional imaging technique, it has better performance in preserving amplitude. This paper presents an one‐way wave equation least‐squares migration based on illumination compensation. Firstly, we use the stable Born approximation generalized screen one‐way wave‐field propagator to construct the linear operator between reflected seismic data and underground reflection. Then we use the linear optimization method to solve the linear inverse problem of the least‐squares migration. In the process of solving the optimization problems iteratively, we employ the seismic wave illumination as a preconditioned operator of the iterative inversion, so as to accelerate the convergence of iteration. During the one‐way wave propagation, we consider the transmission effect arising from velocity interface, and substitute monopole source for the dipole source in conventional migration. Applying the method proposed in this paper to the layered theory model and the Marmosi model achieved ideal results.
Effects of Direct Double Auger Decay on the Population Dynamics of Neon Irradiated by Ultraintense x‐ray Pulses
Authors: Gao C. , Zeng J. , Yuan J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe population and charge state distribution of neon interacting with ultraintense x‐ray pulses are investigated by solving a time‐dependent rate equation in the detailed level‐accounting (DLA) approximation. Due to the detailed description of neon atom and ions, our DLA result improves the agreement between predictions and experimental measurements for odd neon charge states. In the framework of the DLA formalism, we further studied the effects of direct double Auger decay (DDAD) on charge state distribution. After the 1s photoionization of neon atom, the DDAD processes give accessible decay channels from the K‐shell hole state of Ne+ to levels of Ne3+, resulting in an increase of the population fraction of Ne3+ and a decrease of that of Ne2+. Compared with the results without considering the DDAD effects, better agreement is obtained between theory and experiment. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Towards ab Initio Thermodynamics of the Electron Gas at Strong Degeneracy
Authors: Schoof T. , Groth S. , Bonitz M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRecently a number of theoretical studies of the uniform electron gas (UEG) at finite temperature have appeared that are of relevance for dense plasmas, warm dense matter and laser excited solids and thermodynamic density functional theory simulations. In particular, restricted path integral Monte Carlo (RPIMC) results became available which, however, due to the Fermion sign problem, are confined to moderate quantum degeneracy, i.e. low to moderate densities. We have recently developed an alternative approach–configuration PIMC [T. Schoof et al., Contrib. Plasma Phys. 51, 687 (2011)] that allows one to study the so far not accessible high degeneracy regime. Here we present the first step towards UEG simulations using CPIMC by studying implementation and performance of the method for the model case of N = 4 particles. We also provide benchmark data for the total energy. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Hierarchy of Fluctuation‐Dissipation Theorems for the Classical One‐Component Plasma
Authors: Golden K. I. , Heath J. T. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe have derived tractable cubic (p = 3) and quartic (p = 4) fluctuation‐dissipation theorems (FDTs) for the classical one‐component plasma in a form that links a single (p + 1)‐point dynamical structure function to a linear combination of p th‐order density response functions amenable to calculation from model plasma kinetic equations. For p ≥ 3, we note the emergence of “remainder” contributions comprised of clusters of lower‐order dynamical structure functions which can be ultimately traded for response functions vis‐á‐vis the linear and quadratic FDTs. Our analysis provides insight into the structure of the FDT hierarchy. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A tribute to pioneers of strongly coupled plasmas: Hugh E. DeWitt, Bernard Jancovici, and Forrest J. Rogers
Authors: Whitley H. D. , Alastuey A. , Gaffney J.A. , Cauble R. , Kraeft W.D. , Bonitz M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe field of strongly coupled Coulomb systems that stretches from dense plasma, to astrophysics, condensed matter and high energy physics has seen a dramatic development over the last four decades. At the beginning of this process were a few physicists whose work has had a high impact on many exciting developments of the recent years. Among them are Hugh E. DeWitt, Bernard Jancovici and Forrest J. Rogers who passed away in 2013–2014. Their important contributions to the field of strongly coupled Coulomb systems are summarized in this article. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
B‐cell inhibition by cross‐linking CD79b is superior to B‐cell depletion with anti‐CD20 antibodies in treating murine collagen‐induced arthritis
Authors: Brühl Hilke , Cihak Josef , Talke Yvonne , Gomez Manuel Rodriguez , Hermann Fabian , Goebel Nicole , Renner Kerstin , Plachý Jiří , Stangassinger Manfred , Aschermann Susanne , Nimmerjahn Falk , Mack Matthias 
Published: December 2014

Depletion of B cells with the anti‐CD20 antibody rituximab is an established therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. However, rituximab has only moderate efficacy, most likely due to insufficient depletion of B cells in lymphoid organs and expansion of pathogenic B cells. We found that an antibody against mouse CD79b profoundly blocks B‐cell proliferation induced via the B‐cell receptor, CD40, CD180, and chondroitin sulfate, but not via TLR4 or TLR9. Treatment with anti‐CD79b also induces death in resting and activated B cells. B‐cell inhibition is mediated by cross‐linkage of CD79b, but independent of Fc‐receptor engagement. In the model of collagen‐induced arthritis, an antibody against mouse CD20 depletes B cells very efficiently but fails to suppress the humoral immune response against collagen and the development of arthritis. In contrast, the antibody against CD79b, and a deglycosylated variant of this antibody, almost completely inhibits the increase in anti‐collagen antibodies and the development of arthritis. In mice with established arthritis only the fully glycosylated antibody against CD79b is effective. Our data show that targeting B cells via CD79b is much more effective than B‐cell depletion with anti‐CD20 antibodies for therapy of arthritis. These findings may have important implications for treatment of B‐cell–mediated autoimmune diseases.
ZnCl2‐Promoted One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Multisubstituted Thiazolo[4,5‐b]pyridines and Thieno[2,3‐b:4,5‐b′]dipyridines
Authors: Luo Laichun , Meng Lanlan , Peng Yangqiu , Xing Yongning , Sun Qi , Ge Zemei , Li Runtao 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA ZnCl2‐promoted one‐pot synthesis of multisubstituted thiazolo[4,5‐b]pyridines and thieno[2,3‐b:4,5‐b′]dipyridines from mercaptonitrile salts, α‐bromo ketones and ketones has been developed. This approach involves a tandem SN2 alkylation/Thorpe–Ziegler cyclization/Friedländer reaction, which allows the creation of two hetero rings and four new bonds in a single operation. The reaction proceeds smoothly under solvent‐free conditions to afford fused pyridines in moderate to good yields.