bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural insights into the assembly mechanism of the flagellar MS-ring with three different symmetries
Authors: Kinoshita Miki , Makino Fumiaki , Miyata Tomoko , Imada Katsumi , Namba Keiichi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe flagellar basal body MS-ring, formed by 34 FliF subunits, is the core of the flagellar motor as well as the base for flagellar assembly. The MS-ring is also a housing for the flagellar protein export gate complex that is required for construction of the flagellum on the cell surface. A large periplasmic region of FliF contains three ring-building motifs named RBM1, RBM2, and RBM3. RBM3 forms the S-ring and β-collar with C34 symmetry. RBM2 forms the inner core ring of the M-ring with C23 symmetry surrounded by 11 cog-like structures formed by RBM1 and RBM2. However, it remains unknown how FliF assembles to generate these three different symmetries within the MS-ring. Here, we report the two cryoEM structures of the MS-ring formed by FliF co-expressed with FliG and transmembrane export gate proteins. Structural comparison of 33-mer and 34-mer MS-rings revealed that a subtle change in the conformation of RBM3 produces the different rotational symmetries. Combination of cryoEM structural and mutational analyses of the MS-ring with C33 symmetry provides evidence that the well-conserved DQxGxxL motif within a flexible loop connecting RBM2 and RBM3 allows RBM2 to take two different orientations relative to RBM3 to form not only 11 cog-like structures just outside the inner core ring with C22 symmetry but also an appropriately sized central pore in the inner core ring to accommodate the export gate complex.IMPORTANCEThe flagellar MS-ring is the core of the flagellar motor and serves not only as an initial template for flagellar assembly but also as a base to accommodate the flagellar protein export complex. The MS-ring is formed by 34 subunits of FliF with two transmembrane helices and a large periplasmic region containing ring-building motifs, RBM1, RBM2, and RBM3. FliF adopts two different conformations in the MS-ring to generate three different rotational symmetries, C34, C23, and C11. However, how FliF assembles to produce these three symmetries remains a mystery. Combination of cryoEM structural and mutational analyses has provided evidence that the well-conserved DQxGxxL motif within a hinge loop connecting RBM2 and RBM3 allows RBM2 to take two different orientations relative to RBM3, allowing 23 RBM2 domains of 34 subunits to form the inner core ring with a properly sized central pore to accommodate the flagellar protein export complex.
Introducing ‘identification probability’ for automated and transferable assessment of metabolite identification confidence in metabolomics and related studies
Authors: Metz Thomas O. , Chang Christine H. , Gautam Vasuk , Anjum Afia , Tian Siyang , Wang Fei , Colby Sean M. , Nunez Jamie R. , Blumer Madison R. , Edison Arthur S. , Fiehn Oliver , Jones Dean P. , Li Shuzhao , Morgan Edward T. , Patti Gary J. , Ross Dylan H. , Shapiro Madelyn R. , Williams Antony J. , Wishart David S. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMethods for assessing compound identification confidence in metabolomics and related studies have been debated and actively researched for the past two decades. The earliest effort in 2007 focused primarily on mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and resulted in four recommended levels of metabolite identification confidence – the Metabolite Standards Initiative (MSI) Levels. In 2014, the original MSI Levels were expanded to five levels (including two sublevels) to facilitate communication of compound identification confidence in high resolution mass spectrometry studies. Further refinement in identification levels have occurred, for example to accommodate use of ion mobility spectrometry in metabolomics workflows, and alternate approaches to communicate compound identification confidence also have been developed based on identification points schema. However, neither qualitative levels of identification confidence nor quantitative scoring systems address the degree of ambiguity in compound identifications in context of the chemical space being considered, are easily automated, or are transferable between analytical platforms. In this perspective, we propose that the metabolomics and related communities consider identification probability as an approach for automated and transferable assessment of compound identification and ambiguity in metabolomics and related studies. Identification probability is defined simply as 1/N, where N is the number of compounds in a reference library or chemical space that match to an experimentally measured molecule within user-defined measurement precision(s), for example mass measurement or retention time accuracy, etc. We demonstrate the utility of identification probability in anin silicoanalysis of multi-property reference libraries constructed from the Human Metabolome Database and computational property predictions, provide guidance to the community in transparent implementation of the concept, and invite the community to further evaluate this concept in parallel with their current preferred methods for assessing metabolite identification confidence.
Structural disconnections caused by white matter hyperintensities in post-stroke spatial neglect
Authors: Röhrig Lisa , Karnath Hans-Otto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhite matter hyperintensities (WMH), a common feature of cerebral small vessel disease, affect a wide range of cognitive dysfunctions, including spatial neglect. The latter is a disorder of spatial attention and exploration typically after right hemisphere brain damage. To explore the impact of WMH on neglect-related structural disconnections, the present study investigated the indirectly quantified structural disconnectome induced by either stroke lesion alone, WMH alone, or their combination. Further, we compared different measures of structural disconnections – voxel-wise, pairwise, tract-wise, and parcel-wise – to identify neural correlates and predict acute neglect severity. We observed that WMH-derived disconnections alone were not associated to neglect behavior. However, when combined with disconnections derived from individual stroke lesions, pre-stroke WMH contributed to post-stroke neglect severity by affecting right frontal and subcortical substrates, like the middle frontal gyrus, basal ganglia, thalamus, and the fronto-pontine tract. Predictive modeling demonstrated that voxel-wise disconnection data outperformed other measures of structural disconnection, explaining 42% of the total variance. Compared to using stroke lesion anatomy, prediction performance can be improved by either estimating stroke-based structural disconnections or delineating the combined anatomy of stroke lesion and WMH. We conclude that pre-stroke alterations in the white matter microstructure due to WMH contribute to post-stroke deficits in spatial attention, likely by impairing the integrity of human attention networks.
The Serine Shunt enables formate conversion to formaldehydein vivo
Authors: Schann Karin , Wenk Sebastian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicrobial valorization of CO2-derived substrates has emerged as a promising approach to address climate change and resource scarcity. Formate, which can be efficiently produced from CO2, shows great potential as a sustainable feedstock for biotechnological production. However, the scope of formate assimilation pathways is restricted by the limited number of natural formate-assimilating enzymes. To overcome this limitation, several new-to-nature routes for formate assimilation based on its reduction to formaldehyde have been proposed, but they suffer from low catalytic efficiencies and cannot yet support bacterial growth. Here, we propose the Serine Shunt as a novel formate reduction route and demonstrate its activityin vivo. In this pathway, formate is attached to glycine to form serine, which is subsequently cleaved into formaldehyde and glycine, thereby effectively converting formate to formaldehyde. Unlike other formate reduction routes, the Serine Shunt mainly utilizes natural reactions with favorable enzyme kinetics, while requiring the same amount of ATP and NAD(P)H as the most efficient new-to-nature route. We implemented the Serine Shunt in engineeredE. colistrains using a step-wise approach by dividing the pathway into metabolic modules. After validating the individual module activities, we demonstrated thein vivoactivity of the complete Serine Shunt by measuring intracellular formaldehyde production with a GFP sensor and coupling its activity to cell growth. Our results indicate that the Serine Shunt could be applied as a novel formate reduction route in methylotrophic hosts relevant for biotechnology.
Enhanced and idiosyncratic neural representations of personally typical scenes
Authors: Wang Gongting , Chen Lixiang , Cichy Radoslaw Martin , Kaiser Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevious research shows that the typicality of visual scenes (i.e., if they are good examples of a category) determines how easily they can be perceived and represented in the brain. However, the unique visual diets individuals are exposed to across their lifetimes should sculpt very personal notions of typicality. Here, we thus investigated whether scenes that are more typical to individual observers are more accurately perceived and represented in the brain. We used drawings to enable participants to describe typical scenes (e.g., a kitchen) and converted these drawings into 3D renders. These renders were used as stimuli in a scene categorization task, during which we recorded EEG. In line with previous findings, categorization was most accurate for renders resembling the typical scene drawings of individual participants. Our EEG analyses reveal two critical insights on how these individual differences emerge on the neural level: First, personally typical scenes yielded enhanced neural representations from around 200 ms after onset. Second, personally typical scenes were represented in idiosyncratic ways, with reduced dependence on high-level visual features. We interpret these findings in a predictive processing framework, where individual differences in internal models of scene categories formed through experience shape visual analysis in idiosyncratic ways.
Honey bulk DNA metagenomic analysis to identify honey biological composition and monitor honey bee pathogens
Authors: Paluoja Priit , Vaher Mihkel , Teder Hindrek , Krjutškov Kaarel , Salumets Andres , Raime Kairi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHoney’s DNA mixture originates from various organismal groups like plants, arthropods, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Conventional methods like melissopalynological analysis and targeted honey DNA metabarcoding offer a limited view of honey’s biological composition. We conducted a honey bulk DNA metagenomic analysis to characterize the honey’s taxonomic composition and identify honey bee-related pathogens and parasites based on 266 Estonian and 103 foreign honey samples. 70.4% of the DNA in Estonian honey was derived from green plant families likeBrassicaceae,Rosaceae,Fabaceae, andPinaceae. Geographical distribution analysis revealed distinct botanical compositions between Estonian mainland and island samples. The bacterial familyLactobacillaceaewas prevalent overall, reflecting the honey bee microbiota in honey. We detected 12 honey bee pathogens and parasites, includingPaenibacillus larvaeandNosema ceranae. In conclusion, the study underscores the potential of bulk DNA-based and non-targeted metagenomic approaches for monitoring honey bee health, environmental quality, and honey composition, origin, and authenticity.
PARP inhibition enhances exemestane efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Yusoh Nur Aininie , Su Liping , Chia Suet Lin , Tian Xiaohe , Ahmad Haslina , Gill Martin R. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the breast cancer subtype with the poorest prognosis and median survival rate. Targeting PARP1/2 with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) and achieving synthetic lethality is an effective strategy for TNBCs with BRCA1/2 mutations, however, the majority of TNBCs are BRCA1/2 wild type. Synergistic drug combinations with PARPi offers the potential to expand the use of PARPi towards BRCA-proficient cancers, including TNBC. To identify new PARPi combinations, we screened a library of 166 FDA-approved oncology drugs for synergy with the PARPi Olaparib in TNBC cells. We found that Exemestane, an aromatase inhibitor, synergised with Olaparib with a significant decrease in IC50values and clonogenicity accompanied by elevated DNA damage and apoptosis seen in combination treatment. The mechanistic basis for synergy was rationalised by the previously unreported ability of Exemestane to induce replication stress, as evidenced by ATR pathway activation and RPA foci formation. Low impact of this combination towards normal breast epithelial cells was observed and Exemestane has no reported severe toxicity as a monotherapy. This combination was able to achieve enhanced tumor growth inhibition in a murine xenograft model, greater than either drug employed as a single-agent. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of differential genes indicated alterations in pathways associated with cell death in response to Exemestane and Olaparib treatment.
Cholecystokinin modulates age-dependent Thalamocortical Neuroplasticity
Authors: Li Xiao , Feng Jingyu , Hu Xiaohan , Zhou Peipei , Chen Tao , Zheng Xuejiao , Jendrichovsky Peter , Wang Xue , Chen Mengying , Li Hao , Chen Xi , Zeng Dingxuan , Zhang Mengfan , Xiao Zhoujian , He Ling , Bello Stephen Temitayo , He Jufang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe thalamocortical pathway exhibits neuroplasticity not only during the critical period but also in adulthood. Here, we aimed to investigate the modulation of age-dependent thalamocortical plasticity by cholecystokinin (CCK). Our findings revealed the expression of CCK in thalamocortical neurons, and high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the thalamocortical pathway elicited the release of CCK in auditory cortex (ACx), as evidenced by CCK sensor. HFS of the medial geniculate body (MGB) induced thalamocortical long-term potentiation (LTP) in wildtype young adult mice. However, knockdown of Cck expression in MGB neurons or blockade of the CCK-B receptor (CCKBR) in ACx effectively abolished HFS-induced LTP. Notably, this LTP could not be elicited in both juvenile mice (week 3) and mice over 18 months old, due to the absence of CCKBR in juvenile mice and the inability of CCK to be released in aged mice. Remarkably, the administration of exogenous CCK into the auditory cortex of the aged mice restored this LTP, accompanied by a significant improvement in frequency discrimination. These findings suggest the potential of CCK as a therapeutic intervention for addressing neurodegenerative deficits associated with thalamocortical neuroplasticity.
Light long-lived particles at the FCC-hh with the proposal for a dedicated forward detector FOREHUNT and a transverse detector DELIGHT
Authors: Bhattacherjee Biplob , Dreiner Herbi K. , Ghosh Nivedita , Matsumoto Shigeki , Sengupta Rhitaja , Solanki Prabhat 
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we propose a dedicated forward detector, FOREHUNT (FORward Experiment for HUNdred TeV), for 100 TeV FCC-hh for the detection of light long-lived particles (LLP) coming from B-meson decay. We calculate the signal acceptance as a function of mass and proper decay length of the LLP for 100 TeV and interpret our result in terms of model parameters for models of dark Higgs scalar and heavy neutral leptons. We also compare the sensitivity with proposed transverse detectors like MATHUSLA, CODEX-b for HL-LHC, and DELIGHT (Detector for long-lived particles at high energy of 100 TeV) for FCC-hh. Our analysis reveals that if the LLP is light (≲4.4  GeV) and has a low proper decay length (<10  m), a forward detector like FOREHUNT is the best option to look for the decaying LLP, while DELIGHT is preferable for higher proper decay lengths.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Revealing the digital transformation, uncovering hidden process dimensions of education
Authors: Tsupari Kaisa , Lagstedt Altti , Kauppinen Raine 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis study explores the consequences of digitalization in the field of education, particularly in relation to teachers’ course processes in higher education institutions. It emphasizes the importance of understanding how information systems (IS) support not only individual tasks but also processes as a whole. The results reveal that process practices have not been considered comprehensively and even core processes may be unseen.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was conducted to explore the extent to which teachers’ processes are discussed in the literature. A qualitative case study was then conducted at a Finnish higher education institution to identify course processes and their relationships to IS.FindingsTeachers’ processes have scarcely been discussed in the literature, and the process support provided by ISs is remarkably limited. It seems that course processes, which are core to education, are a blind spot in education digitalization. To support evaluating the level of support by IS, novel course process indicators were introduced.Practical implicationsDeveloping core processes, teachers’ course processes and thesis processes in education field, supports improving service quality. In all industries, organizations should consider whether processes are properly recognized and whether IS support not only individual tasks but also processes as a whole. We recommend recognizing and applying business process management practices to better support teachers’ work and to improve overall efficiency in education.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first education sector study that attends to teacher’s work as a comprehensive process.
Career variety and turnover intention: mediating role of job crafting and moderating role of HR innovators and integrators
Authors: Yue Meiqi , Zhu Xiji , Zhu Fei 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Previous studies have indicated that career variety offers numerous benefits in the work environment; however, knowledge regarding the mechanisms that retain employees with diverse career experiences is scant. Drawing on person–environment (P–E) fit theory and the job crafting perspective, this study aims to explore the relationship between career variety and turnover intention, and the roles of job crafting and HR innovators and integrators in this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
This study examines the nonlinear effect of career variety on turnover intention using survey data collected from 509 employees (Study 1) and 346 employees and their supervisors (Study 2) in China.

Findings
Career variety and turnover intention exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship – mediated by job crafting. Additionally, the HR innovator and integrator moderated the relationship between career variety and job crafting. When the HR innovator and integrator were strong, employees engaged in more job crafting at intermediate levels of career variety.

Originality/value
The findings not only deepen our understanding of the inherent capabilities and preference traits of employees with diverse career backgrounds but also enrich the body of research on career variety, reconcile inconsistencies across previous studies and offer new insights into strategic organisational interventions for retaining a workforce with varied career experiences.
How foodstagramming posts influence restaurant visit intention: the mediating role of goal relevance and mimicking desire
Authors: Chen Yun Victoria , Jin Xin , Gardiner Sarah , Wong IpKin Anthony 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the role of social media visual posts (known as foodstagramming) on restaurant visit intention. Drawing on the heuristic–systematic model and normative focus theory, this research introduces a framework that assesses the effects of key foodstagramming attributes – vicarious expression, aesthetic appeal and post popularity – and the mediating roles of goal relevance and mimicking desire, in the process.

Design/methodology/approach
Structural equation modelling was performed to test the proposed model using a sample of tourists (n = 377) and residents (n = 341). Multi-group analysis was performed to compare the differences between these groups.

Findings
Results reveal that mimicking desire and goal relevance influence restaurant visit intention; however, mimicking desire has a stronger influence than goal relevance. Little difference was found between the tourist and the resident groups in the proposed relationships, except that vicarious expression positively influences mimicking desire in the tourist group but not in the resident group.

Practical implications
This study guides restauranteurs and social media influencers (foodstagrammers). It shows that consumers value the textual content and aesthetic appeal of photos over the popularity of a post. It also indicates that vicarious expression is more important for tourists than for residents.

Originality/value
This research advances social media marketing literature by proposing a new information processing framework. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first studies to explore the impact of visual post attributes on individual decision-making behaviours through socially acceptable norms.
Agile transformation in the energy sector: empowering autonomous teams
Authors: Standahl Johannessen Seline , Karlsen Jan Terje 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore how to structure an energy organization to be more agile in the context of digitalization and find the common success factors and challenges the organizations face to transform.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative multiple-case study of an energy company and an online market company, both from the Nordic countries, was conducted in 2023. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews with 16 participants.

Findings
This research provides valuable insights into the challenges and critical success factors crucial for a successful digital transformation. The study illuminates the interplay between technological advancements and organizational shifts, the adoption of agile methodologies, the importance of inclusive leadership and the integration of autonomous teams in realizing digital transformation goals. The research emphasizes the profound impact of these factors on the transformational journey within organizations. In particular, the adoption of agile methodologies takes on heightened significance in the swiftly evolving business landscape of today, calling for a transition from project-centric approaches to more adaptive and sustainable product-centric models.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the practice and enhanced understanding of organizing business and technology teams in energy companies to achieve fast flow. The analysis and discussion of various empirical findings shed light on the success factors and challenges of digital transformation – issues that many organizations are currently or will likely soon be grappling with. The impact of different organizational structures on agility in an organization has yet to be thoroughly studied.