bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strongyloides stercoralis is a cause of abdominal pain, diarrhea and urticaria in rural Cambodia
Authors: Khieu Virak , Srey Sophanaroth , Schär Fabian , Muth Sinuon , Marti Hanspeter , Odermatt Peter 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
We document clinical manifestations of 21 patients heavily infected with S. stercoralis (more than 250 larvae in a single Baermann test) from a community in rural Cambodia, both before and three weeks after ivermectin (200 μg/kg BW, single oral dose) treatment.

Findings
Out of 21 patients, 20 (95.2%), 18 (85.7%) and 14 (66.7%) reported frequent abdominal pain, diarrhea and periods of sensation of itching, respectively, during the previous six months; epigastric (11, 55.0%) and peri-umbilical (13, 65.0%) pains were most frequent. Five patients (23.8%) reported having experienced urticaria the week preceding the examination. One patient suffered from extended urticaria. Three weeks after treatment, most symptoms had been almost entirely resolved.

Conclusions
In rural communities of Cambodia, strongyloidiasis with high parasite load is endemic. It is associated with substantial symptoms and clinical signs, particularly abdominal pain, diarrhea and urticaria. Access to adequate diagnosis and treatment is a pressing issue that needs attention.
Diversity and function of bacterial microbiota in the mosquito holobiont
Authors: Minard Guillaume , Mavingui Patrick , Moro Claire Valiente 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) have been shown to host diverse bacterial communities that vary depending on the sex of the mosquito, the developmental stage, and ecological factors. Some studies have suggested a potential role of microbiota in the nutritional, developmental and reproductive biology of mosquitoes. Here, we present a review of the diversity and functions of mosquito-associated bacteria across multiple variation factors, emphasizing recent findings. Mosquito microbiota is considered in the context of possible extended phenotypes conferred on the insect hosts that allow niche diversification and rapid adaptive evolution in other insects. These kinds of observations have prompted the recent development of new mosquito control methods based on the use of symbiotically-modified mosquitoes to interfere with pathogen transmission or reduce the host life span and reproduction. New opportunities for exploiting bacterial function for vector control are highlighted.
Detection of E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts in human non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Mo Min-Li , Chen Zhao , Zhou Hai-Meng , Li Hui , Hirata Tomomi , Jablons David M , He Biao 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
E2A-PBX1 fusion gene caused by t(1;19)(q23;p13), has been well characterized in acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). There is no report on E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts in human NSCLC tissue specimens and cell lines. We analyzed correlation of E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts with clinical outcomes in 76 patients with adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and other subgroups. We compared mutation status of k-ras, p53 and EGFR in 22 patients with E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts.

Results
We detected E2A-PBX1 transcripts in 23 of 184 (12.5%) NSCLC tissue specimens and 3 of 13 (23.1%) NSCLC cell lines. Presence of E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts correlated with smoking status in female patients (P = 0.048), AIS histology (P = 0.006) and tumor size (P = 0.026). The overall survival was associated with gender among AIS patients (P = 0.0378) and AIS patients without E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts (P = 0.0345), but not among AIS patients with E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts (P = 0.6401). The overall survival was also associated with status of E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts among AIS stage IA patients (P = 0.0363) and AIS stage IA female patients (P = 0.0174). In addition, among the 22 patients with E2A-PBX1 fusion transcripts, 12 (54.5%) patients including all four non-smokers, showed no common mutations in k-ras, p53 and EGFR.

Conclusions
E2A-PBX1 fusion gene caused by t(1;19)(q23;p13) may be a common genetic change in AIS and a survival determinant for female AIS patients at early stage.
Limoniastrum guyonianum aqueous gall extract induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells involving p16INK4A re-expression related to UHRF1 and DNMT1 down-regulation
Authors: Krifa Mounira , Alhosin Mahmoud , Muller Christian D , Gies Jean-Pierre , Chekir-Ghedira Leila , Ghedira Kamel , Mély Yves , Bronner Christian , Mousli Marc 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Several reports have described the potential effects of natural compounds as anti-cancer agents in vitro as well as in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of Limoniastrum guyonianum aqueous gall extract (G extract) and luteolin in the human cervical cancer HeLa cell line, and, if so, to clarify the underlying mechanism. Our results show that G extract and luteolin inhibited cell proliferation and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Both natural products induced programmed cell death as confirmed by the presence of hypodiploid G0/G1 cells. These effects are associated with an up-regulation of the expression of the tumor suppressor gene p16

INK4A
and a down-regulation of the expression of the anti-apoptotic actor UHRF1 and its main partner DNMT1. Moreover, G extract- and luteolin-induced UHRF1 and DNMT1 down-regulation is accompanied with a global DNA hypomethylation in HeLa cell line. Altogether our results show that G extract mediates its growth inhibitory effects on human cervical cancer HeLa cell line likely via the activation of a p16INK4A -dependent cell cycle checkpoint signalling pathway orchestrated by UHRF1 and DNMT1 down-regulation.
Clinal distribution of human genomic diversity across the Netherlands despite archaeological evidence for genetic discontinuities in Dutch population history
Authors: Lao Oscar , Altena Eveline , Becker Christian , Brauer Silke , Kraaijenbrink Thirsa , van Oven Mannis , Nürnberg Peter , de Knijff Peter , Kayser Manfred 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
The presence of a southeast to northwest gradient across Europe in human genetic diversity is a well-established observation and has recently been confirmed by genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. This pattern is traditionally explained by major prehistoric human migration events in Palaeolithic and Neolithic times. Here, we investigate whether (similar) spatial patterns in human genomic diversity also occur on a micro-geographic scale within Europe, such as in the Netherlands, and if so, whether these patterns could also be explained by more recent demographic events, such as those that occurred in Dutch population history.

Methods
We newly collected data on a total of 999 Dutch individuals sampled at 54 sites across the country at 443,816 autosomal SNPs using the Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 5.0 (Affymetrix). We studied the individual genetic relationships by means of classical multidimensional scaling (MDS) using different genetic distance matrices, spatial ancestry analysis (SPA), and ADMIXTURE software. We further performed dedicated analyses to search for spatial patterns in the genomic variation and conducted simulations (SPLATCHE2) to provide a historical interpretation of the observed spatial patterns.

Results
We detected a subtle but clearly noticeable genomic population substructure in the Dutch population, allowing differentiation of a north-eastern, central-western, central-northern and a southern group. Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant southeast to northwest cline in the distribution of genomic diversity across the Netherlands, similar to earlier findings from across Europe. Simulation analyses indicate that this genomic gradient could similarly be caused by ancient as well as by the more recent events in Dutch history.

Conclusions
Considering the strong archaeological evidence for genetic discontinuity in the Netherlands, we interpret the observed clinal pattern of genomic diversity as being caused by recent rather than ancient events in Dutch population history. We therefore suggest that future human population genetic studies pay more attention to recent demographic history in interpreting genetic clines. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that genetic population substructure is detectable on a small geographic scale in Europe despite recent demographic events, a finding we consider potentially relevant for future epidemiological and forensic studies.
Systematic review and stratified meta-analysis of the efficacy of RhoA and Rho kinase inhibitors in animal models of ischaemic stroke
Authors: Vesterinen Hanna M , Currie Gillian L , Carter Samantha , Mee Sarah , Watzlawick Ralf , Egan Kieren J , Macleod Malcolm R , Sena Emily S 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundThere is currently only one clinically approved drug, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. The RhoA pathway, including RhoA and its downstream effector Rho kinase (ROCK), has been identified as a possible therapeutic target. Our aim was to assess the impact of study design characteristics and study quality on reported measures of efficacy and to assess for the presence and impact of publication bias.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on publications describing the efficacy of RhoA and ROCK inhibitors in animal models of focal cerebral ischaemia where outcome was assessed as a change in lesion size or neurobehavioural score, or both.ResultsWe identified 25 published papers which met our inclusion criteria. RhoA and ROCK inhibitors reduced lesion size by 37.3% in models of focal cerebral ischaemia (95% CI, 28.6% to 46.0%, 41 comparisons), and reduced neurobehavioural data by 40.5% (33.4% to 47.7%, 30 comparisons). Overall study quality was low (median=4, interquartile range 3–5) and measures to reduce bias were seldom reported. Publication bias was prevalent and associated with a substantial overstatement of efficacy for lesion size.ConclusionsRhoA and ROCK inhibitors appear to be effective in animal models of stroke. However the low quality score, publication bias and limited number of studies are areas which need attention prior to conducting clinical trials.
Evidence for new targets and synergistic effect of metronomic celecoxib/fluvastatin combination in pilocytic astrocytoma
Authors: Mercurio Sandy , Padovani Laetitia , Colin Carole , Carré Manon , Tchoghandjian Aurélie , Scavarda Didier , Lambert Sally , Baeza-Kallee Nathalie , Fernandez Carla , Chappé Céline , André Nicolas , Figarella-Branger Dominique 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background
Pilocytic astrocytomas occur predominantly in childhood. In contrast to the posterior fossa location, hypothalamo-chiasmatic pilocytic astrocytomas display a worse prognosis often leading to multiple surgical procedures and/or several lines of chemotherapy and radiotherapy to achieve long-term control. Hypothalamo-chiasmatic pilocytic astrocytomas and cerebellar pilocytic astrocytomas have a distinctive gene signature and several differential expressed genes (ICAM1, CRK, CD36, and IQGAP1) are targets for available drugs: fluvastatin and/or celecoxib.

Results
Quantification by RT-Q-PCR of the expression of these genes was performed in a series of 51 pilocytic astrocytomas and 10 glioblastomas: they were all significantly overexpressed in hypothalamo-chiasmatic pilocytic astrocytomas relative to cerebellar pilocytic astrocytomas, and CRK and ICAM1 were significantly overexpressed in pilocytic astrocytomas versus glioblastomas.
We used two commercially available glioblastoma cell lines and three pilocytic astrocytoma explant cultures to investigate the effect of celecoxib/fluvastatin alone or in combination. Glioblastoma cell lines were sensitive to both drugs and a combination of 100 μM celecoxib and 240 μM fluvastatin was the most synergistic. This synergistic combination was used on the explant cultures and led to massive cell death of pilocytic astrocytoma cells.
As a proof of concept, a patient with a refractory multifocal pilocytic astrocytoma was successfully treated with the fluvastatin/celecoxib combination used for 18 months. It was well tolerated and led to a partial tumor response.

Conclusion
This study reports evidence for new targets and synergistic effect of celecoxib/fluvastatin combination in pilocytic astrocytoma. Because it is non-toxic, this new strategy offers hope for the treatment of patients with refractory pilocytic astrocytoma.
Tailoring fungal morphology of Aspergillus niger MYA 135 by altering the hyphal morphology and the conidia adhesion capacity: biotechnological applications
Authors: Colin Verónica Leticia , Baigorí Mario Domingo , Pera Licia María 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCurrent problems of filamentous fungi fermentations and their further successful developments as microbial cell factories are dependent on control fungal morphology. In this connection, this work explored new experimental procedures in order to quantitatively check the potential of some culture conditions to induce a determined fungal morphology by altering both hyphal morphology and conidia adhesion capacity. The capacity of environmental conditions to modify hyphal morphology was evaluated by examining the influence of some culture conditions on the cell wall lytic potential ofAspergillus nigerMYA 135. The relative value of the cell wall lytic potential was determined by measuring a cell wall lytic enzyme activity such as the mycelium-bound β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (Mb-NAGase). On the other hand, the quantitative value of conidia adhesion was considered as an index of its aggregation capacity. Concerning microscopic morphology, a highly negative correlation between the hyphal growth unit length (lHGU) and the specific Mb-NAGase activity was found (r = -0.915, P < 0.001). In fact, the environment was able to induce highly branched mycelia only under those culture conditions compatible with specific Mb-NAGase values equal to or higher than 190 U gdry.wt-1. Concerning macroscopic morphology, a low conidia adhesion capacity was followed by a dispersed mycelial growth. In fact, this study showed that conidia adhesion units per ml equal to or higher than 0.50 were necessary to afford pellets formation. In addition, it was also observed that once the pellet was formed the lHGUhad an important influence on its final diameter. Finally, the biotechnological significance of such results was discussed as well.
Products of pairs of Dehn twists and maximal real Lefschetz fibrations
Authors: Degtyarev Alex , Salepci Nermin 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe address the problem of existence and uniqueness of a factorization of a given element of the modular group into a product of two Dehn twists. As a geometric application, we conclude that any maximal real elliptic Lefschetz fibration is algebraic.
Estimates forF-jumping numbers and bounds for Hartshorne–Speiser–Lyubeznik numbers
Authors: Mustaţă Mircea , Zhang Wenliang 
Published: May 2013

AbstractGiven an ideal a on a smooth variety in characteristic zero, we estimate theF-jumping numbers of the reductions of a to positive characteristic in terms of the jumping numbers of a and the characteristic. We apply one of our estimates to bound the Hartshorne–Speiser–Lyubeznik invariant for the reduction to positive characteristic of a hypersurface singularity.
Jikken Kōbō and Takiguchi Shūzō: The New Deal Collectivism of 1950s Japan
Authors: Tezuka Miwako 
Published: May 2013

In post-1945 Japan, the government, guided by the occupation authority, reeducated the people with a democratic ideology. Belligerent nationalism was replaced by a national mission of enrichment of arts and culture. Takiguchi Shūzō (1903 – 79), a poet-critic and supporter of vanguard art since the prewar period, continued to cultivate the spirit of defiance against the establishment in the postwar art world. However, as a respected man of culture, he was also involved in a project of building the first national museum of modern art for the purpose of public enlightenment. This article explores how Takiguchi fostered independent art movements despite his conflicting engagement with the establishment.
In Takiguchi's mind, artistic collectivism had to be rooted in the public domain so that art and society would inform each other. His utopian vision paralleled many objectives of the historical avant-gardes of the West, and it was transmitted to the postwar generation of artists, most notably, to the artists' collective Jikken Kōbō (Experimental Workshop; active 1951 – 57). This group exemplified the postwar Japanese reception of the Bauhausian philosophy of unified art, and Takiguchi played an important role in fostering Jikken Kōbō's interest in the Bauhaus. By placing the transmission of utopianism from Takiguchi to Jikken Kōbō in a larger politicocultural context, this article analyzes the effect of the legacy of the US-led occupation on the idea of artistic collectivism in 1950s Japan.
The United States was already under the influence of the Bauhaus in the 1930s as evidenced in the establishments of Black Mountain College and the Chicago Bauhaus. The concept of progressive art education promoted by these schools eventually reached Japan through the postwar occupation, whose initial directive was fueled by New Deal liberalism. This article examines a work that revisited Bauhausian philosophy, Jikken Kōbō's 1955 The Future Eve (Mirai no ivu), an experimental ballet theater based on a science fiction novel written in 1886 by the French novelist Villiers de l'Isle-Adam. The Future Eve revealed Jikken Kōbō's affinity with the Bauhaus in its collective engagement with production of theater, its strong interest in merging art and technology, and ultimately, its belief in art's relevance to social and public issues of the time.
Gutai Chain: The Collective Spirit of Individualism
Authors: Tiampo Ming 
Published: May 2013

This article is a theoretical investigation of the Gutai's collective enterprise, examining the creative process of Gutai Art Exhibitions from 1955 to 1962 and looking in particular at the Outdoor Exhibitions and Gutai Art on Stage. I will argue that the group's leader, Yoshihara Jiro, engendered a collective spirit of individualism that at once embraced utopian ideals of collectivism and was suspicious of any enterprise that encouraged a dissolution of self. Marked by this ambivalence, Yoshihara adapted the collective experience to create a community in which creativity became a dialogical enterprise based upon a foundation of subjective autonomy: subjective autonomy, that is, as an ethical concept propounded by postwar authors such as Sakaguchi Ango, who believed that authenticity and individualism were the only defenses against the mass psychology that enabled the militarism of the Second World War.
Despite this emphasis on the individual, I argue that the collective enterprise of the Gutai altered the creative process irrevocably, and that it is impossible to consider the work of any artist separate from the group. In his article “Gutai kusari” (“Gutai Chain”) on the tension between the individual and the collective, the artist Ukita Yôzô wrote, “The works at the Gutai Art Exhibition evolve from a state of mind and concentration exactly like that when aiming at a moving target.” It is precisely this experience of creation in dialogue with a community, aiming at a moving target that cannot be dismissed.
Convenient First Synthesis of Hydroxy- and Amino-γ,γ′-bisphosphonates via Reduction and Reductive Amination of γ,γ′-Diphosphonyl Ketones
Authors: Samarat Ali , Yahyaoui Marwa , Aouani Iyadh , Touil Soufiane 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Simple and efficient methodologies have been developed for the synthesis of novel hydroxy- and aminobisphosphonate derivatives, through the reduction and reductive amination of γ,γ′-diphosphonyl ketones.
Reduced Graphene Oxide/CuI Nanocomposite: An Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the N-Phenylation of Indole
Authors: Fang Fang , Wu Kong-Lin , Li Xiang-Zi , Dong Chao , Liu Li , Wei Xian-Wen 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
In this letter, a reduced graphene oxide/CuI (rGO/CuI) nanocomposite was obatined by a facile chemical reduction route for the first time. The different reaction conditions that affected the catalytic properties of rGO/CuI nanocomposite were investigated. The catalytic activity of rGO/CuI nanocomposite for the N-phenylation of indole was much better than that of rGO and CuI.
Photocatalytic Reduction of Uranyl Ions over Anatase and Rutile Nanostructured TiO2
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Li Hui , Li Le , Deng Jian , Deng Weiyi , Zhao Yubao 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Anatase and rutile nanostructured TiO2 semiconductor catalysts were prepared by wet-chemical methods and used for the photoreduction of uranyl ions under UV radiation. It was found that there is an obvious difference between their catalytic performances: rutile TiO2 nanorods give the highest activity per unit surface area, being over twice as active as P25 and 10 times more active than the anatase counterparts.
Morphological Control of Anodic TiO2 Nanotubes by the Modulation of Applied Potential
Authors: Lee So-Hee , Kim Hyun Sik , Ahn Kwang-soon , Kang Soon Hyung 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Bamboo-type TiO2 nanotube (BT-TONT) arrays were developed by biasing the facile alternating voltage (AV, 80–20 V) and compared to smooth-walled TiO2 nanotube (SW-TONT) arrays grown by forcing a constant voltage (CV). The duration at 20 V in the AV mode had a considerable influence on the morphological properties such as the thickness, ridge spacing, and pore size for the same cycles. As the duration at 20 V was increased, the length and ridge spacing decreased, while the pore size increased. This is due to the formation of a thick blocking layer that blocks the growth of TONT. However, the repetitive formation of ridges in the BT-TONT arrays induced an enlargement of the surface area, resulting in an improvement of the short-circuit current (Jsc) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) in comparison with that of the SW-TONT arrays. In particular, the 20 V (20 min dwell time) TONTs exhibited a photoconversion efficiency (η) of 0.20% per thickness, compared with 0.077% for the SW-TONTs. Therefore, the formation of BT-TONT arrays can give an increased surface area for dye uptake, leading to an improved photoconversion efficiency.
First occurrence of a Hymenosomatid crab Elamena mathoei (Desmarest, 1823) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: ZAOUALI J. , BEN SOUISSI J. , RIFI M. , D'UDEKEM d'ACOZ C. 
Published: May 2013

Mediterranean fauna is undergoing drastic modifications as a result of anthropogenic activities and global warming. The most important of these is the colonization of the Mediterranean Sea by alien species, many of them entering through the Suez Canal. While many of them are still confined to the Levant Basin, several have extended their distribution westwards to Tunisian waters. The presence of the Indo-west Pacific hymenosomatid crab Elamena mathoei on a rocky shore at Sidi Daoud, Cape Bon Peninsula, Tunisia, is the first Mediterranean record of this species. It is a testimony to the changes in the patterns of invasion in the Mediterranean Sea.