bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of an intramedullary bone stabilization system using a light‐curable monomer in sheep
Authors: Zani Brett G. , Baird Rose , Stanley James R. L. , Markham Peter M. , Wilke Markus , Zeiter Stephan , Beck Aswin , Nehrbass Dirk , Kopia Gregory A. , Edelman Elazer R. , Rabiner Robert 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTPercutaneous intramedullary fixation may provide an ideal method for stabilization of bone fractures, while avoiding the need for large tissue dissections. Tibiae in 18 sheep were treated with an intramedullary photodynamic bone stabilization system (PBSS) that comprised a polyethylene terephthalate (Dacron) balloon filled with a monomer, cured with visible light in situ, and then harvested at 30, 90, or 180 days. In additional 40 sheep, a midshaft tibial osteotomy was performed and stabilized with external fixators or external fixators combined with the PBSS and evaluated at 8, 12, and 26 weeks. Healing and biocompatibility were evaluated by radiographic analysis, micro‐computed tomography, and histopathology. In nonfractured sheep tibiae, PBSS implants conformably filled the medullary canal, while active cortical bone remodeling and apposition of new periosteal and/or endosteal bone was observed with no significant macroscopic or microscopic observations. Fractured sheep tibiae exhibited increased bone formation inside the osteotomy gap, with no significant difference when fixation was augmented by PBSS implants. Periosteal callus size gradually decreased over time and was similar in both treatment groups. No inhibition of endosteal bone remodeling or vascularization was observed with PBSS implants. Intramedullary application of a light‐curable PBSS is a biocompatible, feasible method for fracture fixation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 291–299, 2016.
Mechanical fatigue performance of PCL‐chondroprogenitor constructs after cell culture under bioreactor mechanical stimulus
Authors: Panadero Juan Alberto , Sencadas Vitor , Silva Sonia C. M. , Ribeiro Clarisse , Correia Vitor , Gama Francisco M. , Gomez Ribelles José Luis , Lanceros‐Mendez Senentxu 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn tissue engineering of cartilage, polymeric scaffolds are implanted in the damaged tissue and subjected to repeated compression loading cycles. The possibility of failure due to mechanical fatigue has not been properly addressed in these scaffolds. Nevertheless, the macroporous scaffold is susceptible to failure after repeated loading–unloading cycles. This is related to inherent discontinuities in the material due to the micropore structure of the macro‐pore walls that act as stress concentration points. In this work, chondrogenic precursor cells have been seeded in poly‐ε‐caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with fibrin and some were submitted to free swelling culture and others to cyclic loading in a bioreactor. After cell culture, all the samples were analyzed for fatigue behavior under repeated loading–unloading cycles. Moreover, some components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) were identified. No differences were observed between samples undergoing free swelling or bioreactor loading conditions, neither respect to matrix components nor to mechanical performance to fatigue. The ECM did not achieve the desired preponderance of collagen type II over collagen type I which is considered the main characteristic of hyaline cartilage ECM. However, prediction in PCL with ECM constructs was possible up to 600 cycles, an enhanced performance when compared to previous works. PCL after cell culture presents an improved fatigue resistance, despite the fact that the measured elastic modulus at the first cycle was similar to PCL with poly(vinyl alcohol) samples. This finding suggests that fatigue analysis in tissue engineering constructs can provide additional information missed with traditional mechanical measurements. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 330–338, 2016.
Global climatology of surface water temperatures of large lakes by remote sensing
Authors: Layden Aisling , Merchant Christopher , MacCallum Stuart 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTLake surface water temperatures (LSWTs) of 246 globally distributed large lakes were derived from Along‐Track Scanning Radiometers (ATSR) for the period 1991–2011. The climatological cycles of mean LSWT derived from these data quantify on a global scale the responses of large lakes' surface temperatures to the annual cycle of forcing by solar radiation and the ambient meteorological conditions. LSWT cycles reflect the twice annual peak in net solar radiation for lakes between 1°S to 12°N. For lakes without a lake‐mean seasonal ice cover, LSWT extremes exceed air temperatures by 0.5–1.7 °C for maximum and 0.7–1.9 °C for minimum temperature. The summer maximum LSWTs of lakes from 25°S to 35°N show a linear decrease with increasing altitude; −3.76 ± 0.17 °C km−1 ( = 0.95), marginally lower than the corresponding air temperature decrease with altitude −4.15 ± 0.24 °C km−1 ( = 0.95). Lake altitude of tropical lakes account for 0.78–0.83 () of the variation in the March to June LSWT–air temperature differences, with differences decreasing by 1.9 °C as the altitude increases from 500 to 1800 m above sea level (a.s.l.) We define an ‘open water phase’ as the length of time the lake‐mean LSWT remains above 4 °C. There is a strong global correlation between the start and end of the lake‐mean open water phase and the spring and fall 0 °C air temperature transition days, ( = 0.74 and 0.80, respectively), allowing for a good estimation of timing and length of the open water phase of lakes without LSWT observations. Lake depth, lake altitude and distance from coast further explain some of the inter‐lake variation in the start and end of the open water phase.
Monitoring Combretastatin A4–induced tumor hypoxia and hemodynamic changes using endogenous MR contrast and DCE‐MRI
Authors: Colliez Florence , Fruytier Anne‐Catherine , Magat Julie , Neveu Marie‐Aline , Cani Patrice D. , Gallez Bernard , Jordan Bénédicte F. 
Published: March 2015

PurposeTo benchmark MOBILE (Mapping of Oxygen By Imaging Lipid relaxation Enhancement), a recent noninvasive MR method of mapping changes in tumor hypoxia, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry, and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) as biomarkers of changes in tumor hemodynamics induced by the antivascular agent combretastatin A4 (CA4).MethodsNT2 and MDA‐MB‐231 mammary tumors were implanted subcutaneously in FVB/N and nude NMRI mice. Mice received 100 mg/kg of CA4 intraperitoneally 3 hr before imaging. The MOBILE sequence (assessing R1 of lipids) and the DCE sequence (assessing Ktrans hemodynamic parameter), were assessed on different cohorts. pO2 changes were confirmed on matching tumors using EPR oximetry consecutive to the MOBILE sequence. Changes in tumor vasculature were assessed using immunohistology consecutive to DCE‐MRI studies.ResultsAdministration of CA4 induced a significant decrease in lipids R1 (P = 0.0273) on pooled tumor models and a reduction in tumor pO2 measured by EPR oximetry. DCE‐MRI also exhibited a significant drop of Ktrans (P < 0.01) that was confirmed by immunohistology.ConclusionMOBILE was identified as a marker to follow a decrease in oxygenation induced by CA4. However, DCE‐MRI showed a higher dynamic range to follow changes in tumor hemodynamics induced by CA4. Magn Reson Med 75:866–872, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of Huntington disease: detection of the paternally inherited expanded CAG repeat in maternal plasma
Authors: van den Oever Jessica M. E. , Bijlsma Emilia K. , Feenstra Ilse , Muntjewerff Nienke , Mathijssen Inge B. , Bakker Egbert , van Belzen Martine J. , Boon Elles M. J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveWith a shift towards noninvasive testing, we have explored and validated the use of noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) for Huntington disease (HD).MethodsFifteen couples have been included, assessing a total of n = 20 pregnancies. Fetal paternally inherited CAG repeat length was determined in total cell‐free DNA from maternal plasma using a direct approach by PCR and subsequent fragment analysis.ResultsAll fetal HD (n = 7) and intermediate (n = 3) CAG repeats could be detected in maternal plasma. Detection of repeats in the normal range (n = 10) was successful in n = 5 cases where the paternal repeat size could be distinguished from maternal repeat patterns after fragment analysis. In all other cases (n = 5), the paternal peaks coincided with the maternal peak pattern. All NIPD results were concordant with results from routine diagnostics on fetal genomic DNA from chorionic villi.ConclusionIn this validation study, we demonstrated that all fetuses at risk for HD could be identified noninvasively in maternal plasma. Additionally, we have confirmed results from previously described case reports that NIPD for HD can be performed using a direct approach by PCR. For future diagnostics, parental CAG profiles can be used to predict the success rate for NIPD prior to testing. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A neuroligin‐1‐derived peptide stimulates phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor NR1 subunit and rescues MK‐801‐induced decrease in long‐term potentiation and memory impairment
Authors: Korshunova Irina , Gjørlund Michelle D. , Owczarek Sylwia , Petersen Anders V. , Perrier Jean‐François , Gøtzsche Casper René , Berezin Vladimir 
Published: March 2015

AbstractNeuroligins (NLs) are postsynaptic adhesion molecules, interacting with presynaptic neurexins (NXs), which determine the differential formation of excitatory (glutamatergic, NL1) and inhibitory (GABAergic, NL2) synapses. We have previously demonstrated that treatment with a NL2‐derived peptide, neurolide‐2, reduces sociability and increase animal aggression. We hypothesized that interfering with NL1 function at the excitatory synapses might regulate synaptic plasticity and learning, and counteract memory deficits induced by N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor inhibition. First, neuronal NMDA receptor phosphorylation after treatment with NL1 or a mimetic peptide, neurolide‐1, was quantified by immunoblotting. Subsequently, we investigated effects of neurolide‐1 on long‐term potentiation (LTP) induction in hippocampal slices compromised by NMDA receptor inhibitor MK‐801. Finally, we investigated neurolide‐1 effects on short‐ and long‐term social and spatial memory in social recognition, Morris water‐maze, and Y‐maze tests. We found that subcutaneous neurolide‐1 administration, restored hippocampal LTP compromised by NMDA receptor inhibitor MK‐801. It counteracted MK‐801‐induced memory deficit in the water‐maze and Y‐maze tests after long‐term treatment (24 h and 1–2 h before the test), but not after short‐term exposure (1–2 h). Long‐term exposure to neurolide‐1 also facilitated social recognition memory. In addition, neurolide‐1‐induced phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor NR1 subunit on a site important for synaptic trafficking, potentially favoring synaptic receptor retention. Our findings emphasize the role of NL1–NMDA receptor interaction in cognition, and identify neurolide‐1, as a valuable pharmacological tool to examine the in vivo role of postsynaptic NL1 in cognitive behavior in physiological and pathological conditions.
Inhibition of the compound action potentials of frog sciatic nerves by aroma oil compounds having various chemical structures
Authors: Ohtsubo Sena , Fujita Tsugumi , Matsushita Akitomo , Kumamoto Eiichi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPlant‐derived chemicals including aroma oil compounds have an ability to inhibit nerve conduction and modulate transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Although applying aroma oils to the skin produces a local anesthetic effect, this has not been yet examined throughly. The aim of the present study was to know how nerve conduction inhibitions by aroma oil compounds are related to their chemical structures and whether these activities are mediated by TRP activation. Compound action potentials (CAPs) were recorded from the frog sciatic nerve by using the air‐gap method. Citral (aldehyde), which activates various types of TRP channels, attenuated the peak amplitude of CAP with the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.46 mmol/L. Another aldehyde (citronellal), alcohol (citronellol, geraniol, (±)‐linalool, (−)‐linalool, (+)‐borneol, (−)‐borneol, α‐terpineol), ester (geranyl acetate, linalyl acetate, bornyl acetate), and oxide (rose oxide) compounds also reduced CAP peak amplitudes (IC50: 0.50, 0.35, 0.53, 1.7, 2.0, 1.5, 2.3, 2.7, 0.51, 0.71, 0.44, and 2.6 mmol/L, respectively). On the other hand, the amplitudes were reduced by a small extent by hydrocarbons (myrcene and p‐cymene) and ketone (camphor) at high concentrations (2–5 mmol/L). The activities of citral and other TRP agonists ((+)‐borneol and camphor) were resistant to TRP antagonist ruthenium red. An efficacy sequence for the CAP inhibitions was generally aldehydes ≥ esters ≥ alcohols > oxides >> hydrocarbons. The CAP inhibition by the aroma oil compound was not related to its octanol–water partition coefficient. It is suggested that aroma oil compounds inhibit nerve conduction in a manner specific to their chemical structures without TRP activation.
A comparison of linaclotide and lubiprostone dosing regimens on ion transport responses in human colonic mucosa
Authors: Kang Sang Bum , Marchelletta Ronald R. , Penrose Harrison , Docherty Michael J. , McCole Declan F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractLinaclotide, a synthetic guanylyl cyclase C (GC‐C) agonist, and the prostone analog, Lubiprostone, are approved to manage chronic idiopathic constipation and constipation‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Lubiprostone also protects intestinal mucosal barrier function in ischemia. GC‐C signaling regulates local fluid balance and other components of intestinal mucosal homeostasis including epithelial barrier function. The aim of this study was to compare if select dosing regimens differentially affect linaclotide and lubiprostone modulation of ion transport and barrier properties of normal human colonic mucosa. Normal sigmoid colon biopsies from healthy subjects were mounted in Ussing chambers. Tissues were treated with linaclotide, lubiprostone, or vehicle to determine effects on short‐circuit current (Isc). Subsequent Isc responses to the cAMP agonist, forskolin, and the calcium agonist, carbachol, were also measured to assess if either drug caused desensitization. Barrier properties were assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance. Isc responses to linaclotide and lubiprostone were significantly higher than vehicle control when administered bilaterally or to the mucosal side only. Single versus cumulative concentrations of linaclotide showed differences in efficacy while cumulative but not single dosing caused desensitization to forskolin. Lubiprostone reduced forskolin responses under all conditions. Linaclotide and lubiprostone exerted a positive effect on TER that was dependent on the dosing regimen. Linaclotide and lubiprostone increase ion transport responses across normal human colon but linaclotide displays increased sensitivity to the dosing regimen used. These findings may have implications for dosing protocols of these agents in patients with constipation.
and control design for polytopic continuous‐time Markov jump linear systems with uncertain transition rates
Authors: Morais Cecília F. , Braga Márcio F. , Oliveira Ricardo C. L. F. , Peres Pedro L. D. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis paper investigates the problems of
and
state feedback control design for continuous‐time Markov jump linear systems. The matrices of each operation mode are supposed to be uncertain, belonging to a polytope, and the transition rate matrix is considered partly known. By appropriately modeling all the uncertain parameters in terms of a multi‐simplex domain, new design conditions are proposed, whose main advantage with respect to the existing ones is to allow the use of polynomially parameter‐dependent Lyapunov matrices to certify the mean square closed‐loop stability. Synthesis conditions are derived in terms of matrix inequalities with a scalar parameter. The conditions, which become LMIs for fixed values of the scalar, can cope with
and
state feedback control in both mode‐independent and mode‐dependent cases. Using polynomial Lyapunov matrices of larger degrees and performing a search for the scalar parameter, less conservative results in terms of guaranteed costs can be obtained through LMI relaxations. Numerical examples illustrate the advantages of the proposed conditions when compared with other techniques from the literature. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An end‐to‐end alternative to TCP PEPs: Initial Spreading, a TCP fast start‐up mechanism
Authors: Sallantin Renaud , Baudoin Cédric , Chaput Emmanuel , Arnal Fabrice , Dubois Emmanuel , Beylot André‐Luc 
Published: March 2015

SummaryWhile Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Performance Enhancing Proxy (PEP) solutions have long been undisputed to solve the inherent satellite problems, the improvement of the regular end‐to‐end TCP congestion avoidance algorithms and the recent emphasis on the PEPs drawbacks have opened the question of the PEPs sustainability.Nevertheless, with a vast majority of Internet connections shorter than ten segments, TCP PEPs continue to be required to counter the poor efficiency of the end‐to‐end TCP start‐up mechanisms. To reduce the PEPs dependency, designing a new fast start‐up TCP mechanism is therefore a major concern. But, while enlarging the Initial Window (IW) up to ten segments is, without any doubt, the fastest solution to deal with a short‐lived connection in an uncongested network, numerous researchers are concerned about the impact of the large initial burst on an already congested network.Based on traffic observations and real experiments, Initial Spreading has been designed to remove those concerns whatever the load and type of networks. It offers performance similar to a large IW in uncongested network and outperforms existing end‐to‐end solutions in congested networks. In this paper, we show that Initial Spreading, taking care of the satellite specificities, is an efficient end‐to‐end alternative to the TCP PEPs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Model driven security framework for software design and verification
Authors: Deveci Engin , Caglayan Mehmet U. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractInformation system security is receiving increasing attention every day because a security problem can cause serious financial loss or even loss of lives. Some of these security problems occur as a result of poor design practices, where important security functionality is not designed properly and is directly implemented later in the development cycle in an unmethodical way. Researchers have put a great deal of effort into defining processes and tools to design and develop more secure information systems. However, verification of the designed and developed security functionality is of utmost importance. In some cases, designs and codes also need to be formally or semi‐formally verified and certified by authorities. The Common Criteria is one of the widely used universal frameworks for evaluating the security functionality of information systems. In this paper, we propose a new framework, model driven security framework, for the analysis, design, and evaluation of security properties of information systems. Our aim is to support information system developers and evaluation authorities who implement the higher‐level Common Criteria (levels 6 and 7) security assurance process using formal methods based on Unified Modelling Language, Object Constraint Language, Promela, and Spin. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Fibroblast Growth Factor signaling pathway
Authors: Ornitz David M. , Itoh Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2015

The signaling component of the mammalian Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) family is comprised of eighteen secreted proteins that interact with four signaling tyrosine kinase FGF receptors (FGFRs). Interaction of FGF ligands with their signaling receptors is regulated by protein or proteoglycan cofactors and by extracellular binding proteins. Activated FGFRs phosphorylate specific tyrosine residues that mediate interaction with cytosolic adaptor proteins and the RAS‐MAPK, PI3K‐AKT, PLCγ, and STAT intracellular signaling pathways. Four structurally related intracellular non‐signaling FGFs interact with and regulate the family of voltage gated sodium channels. Members of the FGF family function in the earliest stages of embryonic development and during organogenesis to maintain progenitor cells and mediate their growth, differentiation, survival, and patterning. FGFs also have roles in adult tissues where they mediate metabolic functions, tissue repair, and regeneration, often by reactivating developmental signaling pathways. Consistent with the presence of FGFs in almost all tissues and organs, aberrant activity of the pathway is associated with developmental defects that disrupt organogenesis, impair the response to injury, and result in metabolic disorders, and cancer. WIREs Dev Biol 2015, 4:215–266. doi: 10.1002/wdev.176This article is categorized under:

Early Embryonic Development > Development to the Basic Body Plan
Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles
Birth Defects > Organ Anomalies
Controlled trial of an Internet-based intervention for overweight teens (Next.Step): effectiveness analysis
Authors: Sousa Pedro , Fonseca Helena , Gaspar Pedro , Gaspar Filomena 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Adolescent obesity is a major health problem. The need for effective adolescent weight management programs is of high clinical and public health relevance. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an e-therapeutic platform (Next.Step), aiming to promote weight management skills and the adoption of health-promoting lifestyles. This nonrandomized clinical trial with control group uses a sample of 94 adolescents who attended a paediatric obesity clinic. The experimental group was invited to access the platform Next.Step during 24 weeks, in addition to the standard treatment program. The control group followed the standard treatment protocol and joined a waiting list. Overall, the outcomes of the e-therapeutic program were not substantially better than those obtained with a traditional kind of intervention despite the intervention being associated with an improved health responsibility score (d = 0.51; p = 0.014). Several predictors of the Next.Step effectiveness were found.

Conclusion: Although the e-therapeutic program led to a significant increase in health responsibility, inconclusive results were found regarding the program effectiveness compared to the standard multidisciplinary intervention. The lack of significant differences between groups may be due to the reduced rates of program adherence and the high dropout rate.

What is Known:• Adolescent obesity has reached epidemic proportions, and standard treatment programs have been unable to achieve the desired adherence so far.• Internet-based programs have already shown positive results in the adult obese population, but information is scarce regarding adolescents.

What is New:• This study assesses the effectiveness of a structured case management program including communication technologies on both the behavioural change and the health of obese adolescents.• The e-therapeutic program led to an increase in health responsibility.