bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of HIV Infection and Menopause Status on Raltegravir Pharmacokinetics in the Blood and Genital Tract
Authors: Cottrell Mackenzie L , Patterson Kristine B , Prince Heather MA , Jones Amanda , White Nicole , Wang Ruili , Kashuba Angela DM 
Published: June 2015

Background This study describes first dose and steady state pharmacokinetics of raltegravir (RAL) in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and blood plasma (BP). Methods Three cohorts of women were enrolled sequentially in a single-site, open-label pharmacokinetic study of oral raltegravir 400 mg twice daily: HIV-negative premenopausal, HIV-infected premenopausal and HIV-infected post-menopausal women. BP and CVF were collected over 12 h after a single observed dose and at steady state. RAL concentrations were measured by HPLC-MS methods. Data are expressed as median (IQR). The ANOVA rank-sum test was used to evaluate between-group differences in steady state raltegravir exposure (area under the concentration-time curve over the 12-h dosing interval [AUC0–12h]). Results First dose pharmacokinetics were obtained in HIV-negative premenopausal women and HIV-infected post-menopausal women only. The median (IQR) BP AUC0–12h was 3,099 (985–5,959) and 4,239 (2,781–13,695) ng•h/ml and the median (IQR) CVF AUC0–12h was 1,720 (305–5,288) and 13,797 (11,066–19,563) ng•h/ml for HIV-negative pre-menopausal and HIV-infected post-menopausal women, respectively. All cohorts contributed to steady-state pharmacokinetic profiles. Median (IQR) BP AUC0–12h did not differ between the groups: 8,436 (3,080–10,111), 5,761 (1,801–10,095) and 6,180 (5,295–8,282) ng•h/ml in HIV-negative premenopausal, HIV-infected premenopausal and HIV-infected post-menopausal women, respectively. There was a trend for lower CVF AUC0–12h among HIV-negative women 3,164 (1,156–9,540) compared to 11,465 (9,725– 17,138) and 9,568 (4,271–24,306) ng•h/ml HIV-infected premenopausal and HIV-infected post-menopausal women, respectively, but this was not statistically significant ( P=0.08). HIV-negative premenopausal women had a median (IQR) CVF:BP AUC0–12h ratio of 0.46 (0.2–1.1), whereas HIV-infected premenopausal and post-menopausal women had median (IQR) CVF:BP AUC0–12h ratio of 3.9 (1.2–6.7) and 1.4 (0.7–4.3), respectively. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate RAL exposure in BP and CVF in premenopausal HIV-negative and pre- and post-menopausal HIV-infected women. These data indicate HIV and menopausal status may influence antiretroviral distribution into the female genital tract.
Reflective classroom networks. Thérapie réflective en réseau, dans la salle de classe pour les enfants souffrant de troubles du spectre autistique
Authors: Kliman Gilbert 
Published: June 2015

La méthode de la thérapie réflective en réseau utilise la classe en âge préscolaire et permet de renforcer les effets de courtes séances individuelles de psychothérapie en classe (15 à 20 min) menées avec les jeunes patients plusieurs fois par semaine. Les proches du patient, les enseignants et les thérapeutes sont à la fois témoins, participants et bénéficiaires. Des principes simples et des techniques de thérapie réflective en réseau sont montrés ici, tout comme leurs résultats, ainsi qu’une transcription d’une session de thérapie en classe. Des études effectuées sur plusieurs classes montrent l’efficacité sur l’augmentation du QI et l’intérêt de l’évaluation à un âge précoce chez des enfants victimes d’anorexie, de troubles autistiques et de syndrome de stress.
Messages énigmatiques du côté de chez Swann
Authors: Drossart Francis 
Published: June 2015

Dans la théorie dite de la « Séduction généralisée », Jean Laplanche met l’accent sur les messages énigmatiques de nature sexuelle, adressés inconsciemment à l’enfant par l’adulte et tout particulièrement par sa mère. À partir de deux scènes de La Recherche du Temps Perdu , nous essaierons de montrer comment ces messages peuvent être décrits puis élaborés par le Narrateur, d’abord enfant, puis jeune adulte.
Numerical Simulation of Rarefied Gas Flows with Specified Heat Flux Boundary Conditions
Authors: Meng Jianping , Zhang Yonghao , Reese Jason M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe investigate unidirectional rarefied flows confined between two infinite parallel plates with specified heat flux boundary conditions. Both Couette and force-driven Poiseuille flows are considered. The flow behaviors are analyzed numerically by solving the Shakhov model of the Boltzmann equation. We find that a zero-heat-flux wall can significantly influence the flow behavior, including the velocity slip and temperature jump at the wall, especially for high-speed flows. The predicted bimodal-like temperature profile for force-driven flows cannot even be qualitatively captured by the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations.
Plano estratégico para o ambiente acadêmico: estudo de caso em grupo de pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Paraná
Authors: Greef Ana Carolina , Costa Francisco Daniel De Oliveira , Castilho Junior Newton Corrêa de 
Published: June 2015

Introdução. A competição entre concorrentes atuantes no ambiente acadêmico tem características distintas daquela entre agentes inseridos no mercado competitivo organizacional. Os objetivos estratégicos da primeira categoria de concorrentes referem-se à visibilidade e ao posicionamento no mercado de pesquisadores, grupos de pesquisa, Universidades. Assim, a aplicação de um plano estratégico ao Grupo de Pesquisa Aplicada em Ciência, Informação e Tecnologia (GP-CIT), poderá - potencialmente - agregar valor a processos e decisões neste ambiente. Método. Pesquisa aplicada envolvendo os seguintes passos: caracterização do ambiente; identificação da principal demanda em relação tipo de planejamento e voltada para a definição do foco; síntese do posicionamento do ambiente frente a seu mercado de atuação; diagnóstico de fatores internos e externos; detalhamento da competência central; definição de direcionamento estratégico; esboço da estratégia nos níveis de negócios, colaboração e crescimento. Resultados. As características da cultura interna e externa do GP-CIT são favoráveis à realização do planejamento estratégico com vistas a reforçar o potencial de recursos, competências e oportunidades. Tais aspectos fundamentaram o delineamento da direção estratégica a ser seguida pelo Grupo no ambiente acadêmico, com foco em uma visão de longo prazo e apoio em missão, objetivos e valores de negócio. Estratégias de diferenciação, colaboração e crescimento foram formuladas conforme objetivos de atuação do GP-CIT no ambiente acadêmico, considerando-se a dinâmica competitiva a ele inerente. Conclusões. A implementação das estratégias deve seguir passos cautelosos e decisões bem fundamentadas, agregando perspectivas sólidas e competitivas à atuação. O pensamento estratégico, enquanto visão holística, passa a ser inserido na cultura do Grupo de maneira a modificar não apenas processos a ele relacionados, mas todo o paradigma de atividades e competições no ambiente acadêmico.
A PERCEPÇÃO DOS PRATICANTES DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA SOBRE A QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL SONORA DOS PARQUES PÚBLICOS DE CURITIBA-PARANÁ
Authors: Szeremeta Bani , Zannin Paulo Henrique 
Published: June 2015

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a percepção dos praticantes de atividade física sobre a qualidade ambiental sonora dos parques públicos de Curitiba – Paraná. Foram selecionados quatro parques: três destes localizados muito próximos e/ou cercados por vias de intenso tráfego de veículos e um situado em região mais tranquila, o qual foi considerado como área controle. Foram realizadas 328 entrevistas com os usuários destas áreas (82 em cada parque), medições acústicas e mapeamento acústico. Confirmou-se a grande influência do ruído do tráfego intenso de veículos no ambiente sonoro dos parques, onde a maioria dos pontos e regiões que apresentam níveis sonoros que excederam o limite imposto pela lei municipal de Curitiba (55 dB[A]) estão no perímetro dos parques, próximos das vias de grande movimentação. Como esperado apenas a área controle apresentou valor médio de nível de pressão sonora de acordo com a legislação local e uma boa qualidade do ambiente sonoro conforme a percepção dos usuários. Também foram identificadas outras condições no ambiente, além dos níveis de pressão sonora e forma urbana do entorno, que interferem conjuntamente na paisagem sonora dos parques e na sua percepção pelos frequentadores, tais como: o grau de incômodo ao ruído de trânsito, os tipos de sons que integram a paisagem sonora, a paisagem visual, as expectativas dos usuários aos sons, e os locais das estruturas dos equipamentos de lazer e atividade física.
Some Remarks on Gombrowicz’s Kronos
Authors: Fiut Aleksander 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Is it a rough draft or a finished text? Are these private notes that should never have been published or an important work by Witold Gombrowicz? Do we now have—at long last—a portrait of the real Gombrowicz, without masks or mystifications? The discussion that has raged in various journals since the publication of Kronos has continually returned to these questions
Légitimité et stratégies de légitimation des associations de consommateurs dans le paysage consumériste actuel
Authors: Nabec Lydiane , Chevalier Corinne , Briat Eric , Roux Dominique 
Published: June 2015

Depuis plusieurs années, la position des associations de consommateurs, acteurs historiques du mouvement consumériste, s’est fragilisée. Légitimer leur rôle auprès de leurs publics est pourtant un enjeu majeur de la protection des intérêts des consommateurs. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les stratégies de légitimation qui peuvent les y aider. Une étude qualitative permet de dresser un diagnostic sur leur légitimité au travers des représentations et des pratiques de cinquante et un répondants pour s’informer sur les caractéristiques de l’offre et se défendre en cas de litige. Quatre stratégies de légitimation sont présentées, avec les risques inhérents à leur mise en œuvre : accroitre la visibilité des associations de consommateurs, sélectionner des cibles prioritaires, se spécialiser pour gagner en expertise et soutenir les actions collectives.
Gamme de produits et fidélisation des consommateurs dans les catégories d’achat fréquent : proposition d’un cadre conceptuel et d’un modèle diagnostic
Authors: Aurier Philippe , Mejía Victor 
Published: June 2015

Dans une catégorie, les marques proposent souvent des gammes composées de nombreux produits. Or, la plupart des recherches considèrent la fidélité comportementale au niveau « marque », sans considérer les produits de sa gamme. De plus, seule la fidélité longitudinale est considérée, négligeant ainsi la fidélité instantanée. Nous proposons ici une décomposition de la fidélité comportementale en fonction de l’unité de choix achetée (un produit spécifique / différents produits de la gamme) et de la perspective temporelle (instantanée / longitudinale). Le modèle Logit proposé permet de diagnostiquer la performance des gammes des marques de la catégorie et d’émettre des préconisations managériales.
Hétérogénéisation de l’énonciation dans l’oeuvre de Tanguy Viel
Authors: Richir Alice 
Published: June 2015

La question « qui parle ? » dans les romans de Tanguy Viel a tendance à être éludée par l’identification d’un narrateur homodiégétique qui est, de surcroît, le personnage principal de l’histoire. Cette réponse spontanée ne résiste toutefois pas à une lecture plus attentive de l’oeuvre de cet auteur. Chez Viel, l’énonciation n’est jamais transparente, l’identification jamais unilatérale. Toute tentative pour déterminer l’identité de l’instance en charge de la narration met bien vite au jour les traces linguistiques d’une présence subjective autre que celle du narrateur identifié. En effet, l’univocité de la voix narrative est rapidement mise en doute par le caractère indéterminé du narrateur qui l’assume, ainsi que par le fait que la parole de celui-ci est constamment hantée par d’autres voix dont l’origine demeure incertaine. Il s’agira dans cet article de déplier progressivement cette question de l’attribution de la narration, en commençant par interroger la nature de la figure en charge de celle-ci pour, ensuite, identifier les procédés déployés au service d’une telle entreprise de subversion de la mise en récit.
The secret lives of Drosophila flies
Authors: Markow Therese Ann 
Published: June 2015

Flies of the genus Drosophila, and particularly those of the species Drosophila melanogaster, are best known as laboratory organisms. As with all model organisms, they were domesticated for empirical studies, but they also continue to exist as wild populations.Decades of research on these flies in the laboratory have produced astounding and important insights into basic biological processes, but we have only scratched the surface of what they have to offer as research organisms. An outstanding challenge now is to build on this knowledge and explore how natural history has shaped D. melanogaster in order to advance our understanding of biology more generally.
Disproportionality Analysis From World Health Organization Data on Semaglutide, Liraglutide, and Suicidality
Authors: Schoretsanitis Georgios , Weiler Stefan , Barbui Corrado , Raschi Emanuel , Gastaldon Chiara 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have gained use primarily due to their weight-reduction effects, although a regulatory review was undertaken for potential suicidality concern.ObjectivesTo evaluate potential signals for suicidal and self-injurious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with the GLP-1 RAs semaglutide and liraglutide.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsDisproportionality analysis through the case-control design using the World Health Organization (WHO) global database of suspected ADRs. Participants were clinical patients worldwide experiencing an ADR suspectedly attributable to semaglutide or liraglutide in the database from inception to August 30, 2023. Data were analyzed from September to December 2023.ExposureTreatment with semaglutide or liraglutide regardless of indication or treatment duration.Main Outcomes and MeasuresReporting odds ratio (ROR) and the bayesian information component (IC) with 95% CIs were calculated as measures of disproportionate reporting of suicidal and self-injurious ADRs associated with semaglutide and liraglutide compared with all other medications. Sensitivity analyses were conducted including patients with coreported use of antidepressants and benzodiazepines and using dapagliflozin, metformin, and orlistat as comparators. A disproportionality signal was considered when the lower limits of the ROR and IC were above 1 and 0, respectively.ResultsA total of 107 (median [IQR] age 48 [40-56] years; 59 female patients [55%]) and 162 (median [IQR] age 47 [38-60] years; 100 female patients [61%]) cases of suicidal and/or self-injurious ADRs were reported between November 2000 and August 2023 with semaglutide and liraglutide, respectively. Significant disproportionality was detected only for semaglutide-associated suicidal ideation (ROR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.18-1.77; IC, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.19-0.78), which remained significant in patients with coreported use of antidepressants (ROR, 4.45; 95% CI, 2.52-7.86; IC, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.98-2.63) and benzodiazepines (ROR, 4.07; 95% CI, 1.69-9.82; IC, 1.67; 95% CI, 0.11-2.65), when compared with dapagliflozin (ROR, 5.56; 95% CI, 3.23-9.60; IC, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.36-0.95), metformin (ROR, 3.86; 95% CI, 2.91-5.12; IC, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.94-1.53) and orlistat (ROR, 4.24; 95% CI, 2.69-6.69; IC, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.36-0.95).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study using the WHO database found a signal of semaglutide-associated suicidal ideation, which warrants urgent clarification.
New Nitrate Additive Enabling Highly Stable and Conductive SEI for Fast‐Charging Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Su Kexin , Luo Piao , Wu Yuanlong , Song Xin , Huang Lianzhan , Zhang Shaocong , Song Huiyu , Du Li , Cui Zhiming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolyester‐based electrolytes formed via in situ polymerization, have been regarded as one of the most promising solid electrolyte systems. Nevertheless, it is still a great challenge to address the issue of their high reactivity with metallic lithium anode by optimizing the components and properties of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a new class of N‐containing additive, isopropyl nitrate (ISPN) that can be miscible with ester solvents is demonstrated, and a chemically stable and ion‐conductive LiF‐Li3N composite SEI is constructed. In addition, ISPN can induce the formation of anion‐enriched solvation structures and reduces the desolvation barrier of Li+, resulting in fast transport of Li+. With the addition of ISPN, ionic conductivity of the electrolyte has nearly doubled, reaching as high as 5.3 × 10−4 S cm−1. What's more, the LiFePO4 (LFP)|ISPN‐PTA|Li cell exhibits exceptional cycle stability and fast charging capabilities, maintaining stable cycling for 850 cycles at 10 C rate. Even when paired with the high‐voltage cathode, the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622)|ISPN‐PTA|Li cell achieves an impressive capacity retention of 97.59% after 165 cycles at 5 C. This study offers a novel approach for ester‐based polymer electrolytes, paving the way toward the development of stable and high‐energy Li metal battery technologies.
Carbon Dots for Anti‐Corrosion
Authors: Xiang Tengfei , Wang Jiaqi , Liang Yanli , Daoudi Walid , Dong Wei , Li Ruiqian , Chen Xuxin , Liu Shengjun , Zheng Shunli , Zhang Kui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) have garnered extensive attention owing to their excellent biocompatibility, elevated specific surface area, and facile functionalization, as well as their diverse methods of preparation. In recent times, CDs have been applied for anti‐corrosion and obtained some significant results. In this work, the preparation methods of CDs are first briefly introduced, and the relative merits of different approaches are highlighted. Subsequently, the application of CDs in the realm of corrosion inhibitors is discussed, and the corrosion inhibition effects and mechanism of nitrogen‐doped CDs, nitrogen and sulfur‐co‐doped CDs, as well as CDs functionalized with other elements and nitrogen‐co‐doped are summarized. Finally, the application of CDs and functionalized CD‐modified coatings for anti‐corrosion and their protective mechanism is analyzed in detail. This review summarizes recent progress in research related to CDs and heteroatom‐doped CDs in anti‐corrosion applications and anticipates the prospects and applications of CDs in corrosion protection. With their unique properties and versatile applications, CDs are expected to assume a progressively pivotal role in the advancement of cutting‐edge corrosion protection technologies.
Molecule Anchoring Strategy Promotes Vertically Homogeneous Crystallization and Aligned Interfaces for Efficient Pb–Sn Perovskite Solar Cells and Tandem Device
Authors: Xing Gang , Li Changbo , Gao Weiyin , Yang Jianxiong , Zhao Xiaojia , Wang Jinpei , Ran Xueqin , Chao Lingfeng , Huang Hai , Zhou Yipeng , Chen Yonghua , Wu Zhongbin , Ran Chenxin , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNarrow‐bandgap (NBG) Pb–Sn perovskites are ideal candidates as rear subcell in all‐perovskite tandem solar cells. Because Pb–Sn perovskites contain multiple components, the rational regulation of vertical structure and both interfaces of the film is primarily crucial to achieve high‐performing NBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a molecule anchoring strategy is developed to in situ construct Cs0.1MA0.3FA0.6Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 perovskite film with vertically aligned crystals and optimized interfaces. Specifically, l‐alanine methyl ester is developed as an anchoring additive to induce the vertical crystal growth, while PEA2PbI3SCN film is introduced to promote the homogeneous crystallization at the buried interface via SCN− anchoring with cations. Further ethylenediamine dihalides (EDA(I/Cl)2) post‐treatment leads to the gradient energy level alignment on the film surface. Pb–Sn PSCs based on such film show efficient charge transport and extraction, producing a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.3% with an impressive fill factor of 82.14%. Notably, combining with semitransparent 1.78 eV wide‐bandgap PSCs, the four‐terminal all‐perovskite tandem device achieves a PCE of 27.1%. This work opens up a new pathway to boost the performance of Pb–Sn PSCs and their tandem devices.
Tellurene Polymorphs: A New Frontier for Solar Harvesting with Strong Exciton Anisotropy and High Optical Absorbance
Authors: Grillo Simone , Postorino Sara , Palummo Maurizia , Pulci Olivia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBy using ab initio simulations based on density functional theory and many‐body perturbation theory, a comprehensive analysis of the distinct optical signatures of various tellurene polymorphs and their associated unique anisotropic excitonic characteristics is presented. Despite the atomic thickness of these materials, these findings reveal that their optical absorbance reaches as high as 50% in the near‐infrared and visible range. This investigation highlights the exceptional potential of these 2D semiconducting materials in the development of ultra‐thin and flexible homo‐ and hetero‐junctions for solar light harvesting, achieving photoconversion efficiencies up to 19%, a performance level comparable to current silicon technologies.
Actuarial implications of prevented planting coverage
Authors: Turner Dylan , Tsiboe Francis , Biram Hunter , Connor Lawson 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWithin the Federal Crop Insurance Program (FCIP), prevented planting (PP) coverage provides payments for pre‐planting costs associated with crops that ultimately cannot be planted due to adverse weather. PP indemnities, which are not considered production losses within the FCIP rating methodology, influence premium rates differently than typical losses. This study utilizes a panel data set consisting of approximately 77,697 county level observations from RMA's summary of business to identify the relationship between the prevalence of prevent plant use and a number of actuarial related outcomes. Overall, we find that increases in the share of total indemnities attributable to PP claims over the preceding 10 years produce generally negligible changes to loss ratios, but can significantly increase loss ratios among subsets of the FCIP that heavily utilize PP coverage (greater than 20% of total indemnities). This suggests that, despite loss ratios being robust to typical rates of PP claims, actuarial performance can degrade when PP payments are high relative to indemnities from all other perils. Additionally, a simulation is conducted in which prevent plant indemnities are counterfactually treated as production losses when pricing FCIP contracts as opposed to current practice of recovering prevent plant costs via a fixed rate load. Doing so suggests significant improvements in loss ratios for crops that have historically had high shares of prevent plant indemnities, however, these improvements come at the expense of higher premiums and reduced demand for crop insurance.