bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 expression in the differential diagnosis of hepatic actinomycosis: a case report
Authors: Wu Chuan-Xin , Guo Hui , Gong Jian-Ping , Liu Qi , Sun Hang 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Introduction
Primary hepatic actinomycosis is a rare disease, but is important in the differential diagnosis of hepatoma in endemic areas. As high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, we postulate that high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 may have a possible pathogenic role in hepatic actinomycosis. To the best of our knowledge, our report is the first to detect an association between highly elevated high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 expression and hepatic actinomycosis.

Case presentation
A 67-year-old Chinese man was admitted to our hospital with a three-month history of epigastric pain, anorexia, and subjective weight loss. Ultrasonography and computed tomography of the patient’s abdomen confirmed a hypodense mass measuring seven cm in diameter in the left lateral segment of his liver. A hepatic tumor was suspected and surgical resection was scheduled. Histopathologic examination revealed that the overall features of the hepatic tissues were consistent with hepatic actinomycosis. Whole blood and hepatic tissue samples of the patient, of patients who had hepatocellular carcinoma and of healthy donors were collected. Serum high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 concentration in actinomycosis was 8.5ng/mL, which was higher than the hepatocellular carcinoma level of 5.2ng/mL and the normal level of <three ng/mL. High mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 messenger ribonucleic acid levels and high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 protein content in the affected tissues of this patient with hepatic actinomycosis were higher than those of the control and hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. The results of immunohistochemistry showed the following: in the control tissues, high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 was distributed mainly in the cytoplasm; in the hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 was distributed primarily in the nucleus; and in the actinomycosis tissues, high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 was increased in both the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Conclusion
High mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 may have a potent biological effect on the pathogenesis of hepatic actinomycosis as a novel cytokine and may be a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of hepatic actinomycosis.
Thermal tolerance breadths among groundwater crustaceans living in a thermally constant environment
Authors: Mermillod-Blondin Florian , Lefour Clélia , Lalouette Lisa , Renault David , Malard Florian , Simon Laurent , Douady Christophe 
Published: January 2013

SummaryAbstract: The climate variability hypothesis assumes that the thermal tolerance breadth of a species is primarily determined by temperature variations experienced in its environment. If so, aquatic invertebrates living in thermally-buffered environments would be expected to exhibit narrow thermal tolerance breadths (stenothermy). We tested this prediction by studying the thermal physiology of 3 isopods (Asellidae, Proasellus) colonizing groundwater habitats characterized by annual amplitude of temperature less than 1°C. The species responses to temperature variation were assessed in the laboratory using five physiological variables: survival, locomotor activity, aerobic respiration, immune defense and concentrations of total free amino acids and sugars. The three species exhibited contrasted thermal physiologies although all variables were not equally informative. In accordance with the climate variability hypothesis, two species were extremely sensitive even to moderate changes in temperature (2°C) below and above their habitat temperature. In contrast, the third species exhibited a surprisingly high thermal tolerance breadth (11°C). Differences in response to temperature variation among Proasellus species indicated that their thermal physiology was not solely shaped by the current temperature seasonality in their natural habitats. More particularly, recent gene flow among populations living in thermally constant yet contrasted habitats might explain the occurrence of eurytherm species in thermally buffered environments.
Ethyl Imidazole-1-carboxylate (EImC) as a Carbonylating Agent: Efficient Synthesis of Oxazolidin-2-ones from Amino Alcohols
Authors: Veeraswamy S , Reddy K Indrasena , Ragavan R Venkat , Yennam Satyanarayana , Jayashree A 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Various substituted oxazolidin-2-ones were synthesized from the corresponding amino alcohols using ethyl imidazole-1-carboxylate (EImC). Highly substituted and sterically hindered amino alcohols and amino alcohols having a free hydroxy group were cyclized to oxazolidin-2-ones efficiently. This method is simple and produces oxazolidin-2-ones in very good yield.
Localized Sn2+ Emission Center Independent of the Optical Basicity of Zinc Phosphate Glass
Authors: Masai Hirokazu , Tanimoto Toshiro , Fujiwara Takumi , Matsumoto Syuji , Tokuda Yomei , Yoko Toshinobu 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
We report the emission and optical properties of RO-substituted (R = Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) 2.5SnO–57.5ZnO–40P2O5 glasses. Although the optical basicity of the host glass is changed by substitution of RO for ZnO, the optical band edge and the peak positions of the photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation (PLE) spectra show no significant changes. Considering the characteristics of ns2-type emission centers, the properties of which are strongly affected by the coordination field, it can be concluded that the localized Sn2+ state affects both the optical absorption edge and the emission.
(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyanilinium)+([18]Crown-6) Supramolecular Cation Salt of Ferromagnetic [MnIICrIII(oxalate)3]−
Authors: Endo Toru , Kubo Kazuya , Yoshitake Masashi , Noro Shin-ichiro , Akutagawa Tomoyuki , Nakamura Takayoshi 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
A single crystal of (3-fluoro-4-methoxyanilinium)+([18]crown-6)[MnIICrIII(oxalate)3]−(CH3OH)2 had the space group Cc owing to the arrangement of the 3-fluoro-4-methoxyanilinium+ cation with C1 symmetry and, therefore, was pyroelectric. A ferromagnetic transition at 5.5 K was observed, which originated from the two-dimensional honeycomb structure of the [MnIICrIII(oxalate)3]− anion.
Expansion of a Clonal CD8+CD57+ Large Granular Lymphocyte Population After Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Wolniak Kristy L. , Goolsby Charles L. , Chen Yi-Hua , Chenn Anjen , Singhal Seema , Mehta Jayesh , Peterson LoAnn C. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Clonal expansions of large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) have been identified in patients following stem cell transplants and may represent posttransplant LGL leukemias or reactive immune responses. To differentiate between these 2 possibilities, we assessed peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with myeloma after autologous stem cell transplant. All patients examined shortly after autologous stem cell transplant had significant increases in the LGLs in the peripheral blood and bone marrow (71% of lymphocytes) as compared with controls (39%). This increase was detectable years after transplant. The LGLs had a reproducible immunophenotype of CD8+CD57+ T cells without phenotypic abnormalities in 19 of 20 patients. Sixty-five percent of the post-autologous stem cell transplant patients had clonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangements in the bone marrow, yet no patients had neutropenia or splenomegaly. Although the LGL expansions were clonal and persistent, the lack of clinical sequelae suggests the clonal LGL expansion is a reactive, potentially beneficial, immune response to autologous stem cell transplant.
Facilitating the Laboratory Diagnosis of α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
Authors: Greene Dina N. , Elliott-Jelf M.C. , Straseski Joely A. , Grenache David G. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
α1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency leads to deterioration of the lungs that can be prevented with diagnosis and treatment. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) electrophoresis is the current biochemical gold standard for detecting AAT deficiency variants but involves complex interpretation. Variant AAT samples were collected over a 2-year period. Stability of AAT for phenotype determination was assessed in whole blood, dried blood spots, and dried serum spots. A compendium displaying 13 common and 5 rare AAT phenotypes was created, and a detailed methodology describing how to recognize AAT banding patterns and interpret a rare phenotype accompanied these visual data. AAT was stable for IEF phenotype analysis for at least 1 week in whole blood and for 24 hours on dried serum spots. In conclusion, a reference compendium of known AAT phenotypes was established that can serve as a resource for interpreting AAT phenotypes.
Elastin biology and tissue engineering with adult cells
Authors: Saitow Cassandra B. , Wise Steven G. , Weiss Anthony S. , Castellot John J. , Kaplan David L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe inability of adult cells to produce well-organized, robust elastic fibers has long been a barrier to the successful engineering of certain tissues. In this review, we focus primarily on elastin with respect to tissue-engineered vascular substitutes. To understand elastin regulation during normal development, we describe the role of various elastic fiber accessory proteins. Biochemical pathways regulating expression of the elastin gene are addressed, with particular focus on tissue-engineering research using adult-derived cells.
How linguistic structure influences and helps to predict metaphoric meaning
Authors: Dunn Jonathan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper argues that two properties of the linguistic structure of an utterance influence and partially determine whether the utterance has a metaphoric meaning that results in a stable interpretation: (i) degree of metaphoricity and (ii) degree of metaphoric saturation. A majority of metaphoric utterances in a corpus study (66%) were unsaturated, low metaphoricity utterances that behave as expected by Max Black and the cognitive linguistics paradigm. However, a significant minority (34%) of the metaphoric utterances were saturated or high metaphoricity utterances that behave partially as expected by Donald Davidson and others working in his tradition. This suggests that the direct and indirect interpretation views of metaphor are not incompatible but apply to different sub-groups of metaphoric utterances. The paper then constructs a model of metaphoric meaning that makes falsifiable predictions about the interpretations of metaphoric utterances in order to provide further evidence that unsaturated, low metaphoricity utterances have stable interpretations. This research provides both converging evidence for the cognitive linguistic view of metaphor and also a framework for limiting its scope to most, but not all, metaphoric utterances.
Independent cross-cultural data reveal linguistic effects on basic numerical cognition
Authors: Everett Caleb 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe role of numeric language in basic numerical cognition is explored via the consideration of results obtained in two recent independent studies, one with Nicaraguan homesigners and one with speakers of Pirahã. Attention is drawn to remarkable parallels between the relevant findings, parallels that provide compelling evidence that adults without access to numeric language face difficulties when simply attempting to differentiate quantities greater than three.
Flexible diskret-kontinuierliche Überwachung und Regelung humanoider Roboter
Authors: Milighetti Giulio , Bauer Christian , Mikut Ralf , Kuntze Helge-Björn 
Published: January 2013

Zusammenfassung
Die Regelung humanoider Roboter stellt nicht nur hohe Anforderungen an den Entwurf der kognitiven Architektur und der Hardwarekomponenten, sondern auch an die Planungs-, Regelungs- und Überwachungskomponenten, die die Lücke zwischen der Kognition und der Hardware schließen. Dieser Beitrag baut auf einer Übersicht über aktuelle Trends bei Industrie- und Servicerobotern auf und präsentiert ein generisches Lösungskonzept in Form eines modularen, multisensoriellen, diskret-kontinuierlichen Regelungs- und Überwachungskonzepts. Hierbei wird insbesondere die Zerlegung komplexer Aktionen in einzelne Grundgeschicklichkeiten mit integrierten Regelungs- und Überwachungslösungen beschrieben.
Association Between Physical Activity and Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Kodama Satoru , Tanaka Shiro , Heianza Yoriko , Fujihara Kazuya , Horikawa Chika , Shimano Hitoshi , Saito Kazumi , Yamada Nobuhiro , Ohashi Yasuo , Sone Hirohito 
Published: January 2013

OBJECTIVE
The association between habitual physical activity (PA) and lowered risk of all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been suggested in patients with diabetes. This meta-analysis summarizes the risk reduction in relation to PA, focusing on clarifying dose-response associations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Electronic literature searches were conducted for cohort studies that examined relative risk (RR) of ACM or CVD in relation to PA in patients with diabetes. For the qualitative assessment, RR for the highest versus the lowest PA category in each study was pooled with a random-effects model. We added linear and spline regression analyses to assess the quantitative relationship between increases in PA and ACM and CVD risk.

RESULTS
There were 17 eligible studies. Qualitatively, the highest PA category had a lower RR [95% CI] for ACM (0.61 [0.52–0.70]) and CVD (0.71 [0.60–0.84]) than the lowest PA category. The linear regression model indicated a high goodness of fit for the risk of ACM (adjusted R2 = 0.44, P = 0.001) and CVD (adjusted R2 = 0.51, P = 0.001), with the result that a 1 MET-h/day incrementally higher PA was associated with 9.5% (5.0–13.8%) and 7.9% (4.3–11.4%) reductions in ACM and CVD risk, respectively. The spline regression model was not significantly different from the linear model in goodness of fit (P = 0.14 for ACM risk; P = 0.60 for CVD risk).

CONCLUSIONS
More PA was associated with a larger reduction in future ACM and CVD risk in patients with diabetes. Nevertheless, any amount of habitual PA was better than inactivity.
Habitually Higher Dietary Glycemic Index During Puberty Is Prospectively Related to Increased Risk Markers of Type 2 Diabetes in Younger Adulthood
Authors: Goletzke Janina , Herder Christian , Joslowski Gesa , Bolzenius Katja , Remer Thomas , Wudy Stefan A. , Roden Michael , Rathmann Wolfgang , Buyken Anette E. 
Published: January 2013

OBJECTIVE
Carbohydrate nutrition during periods of physiological insulin resistance such as puberty may affect future risk of type 2 diabetes. This study examined whether the amount or the quality (dietary glycemic index [GI], glycemic load [GL], and added sugar, fiber, and whole-grain intake) of carbohydrates during puberty is associated with risk markers of type 2 diabetes in younger adulthood.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The analysis was based on 226 participants (121 girls and 105 boys) from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study (DONALD) with an average of five 3-day weighed dietary records (range 2–6) during puberty (girls, age 9–14 years; boys, age 10–15 years) and fasting blood samples in younger adulthood (age 18–36 years) (average duration of follow-up 12.6 years). Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze the associations between carbohydrate nutrition and homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (n = 214).

RESULTS
A higher dietary GI was prospectively related to greater values of HOMA-IR (Ptrend = 0.03), ALT (Ptrend = 0.02), and GGT (Ptrend = 0.04). After adjustment for sex, adult age, baseline BMI, and early life and socioeconomic factors as well as protein and fiber intake, predicted mean HOMA-IR values in energy-adjusted tertiles of GI were 2.37 (95% CI 2.16–2.60), 2.47 (2.26–2.71), and 2.59 (2.35–2.85). The amount of carbohydrates, GL, and added sugar, fiber, and whole-grain intake were not related to the analyzed markers.

CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate that a habitually higher dietary GI during puberty may adversely affect risk markers of type 2 diabetes in younger adulthood.
The failure of preoperative ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer embolization to improve outcomes in arteriovenous malformation management: case series
Authors: Morgan Michael Kerin , Davidson Andrew Stewart , Koustais Stavros , Simons Mary , Ritson Elizabeth Anne 
Published: January 2013

Object
Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer embolization is increasingly used preoperatively in the resection of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, the case for embolization improving the outcome of resection has not been evaluated. In this paper the authors set out to compare outcomes after surgery for brain AVMs in 2 consecutive periods of practice. In the first period, selective embolization was used without the use of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. In the second period, selective embolization with ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer was performed.

Methods
A consecutive case series (prospectively collected data) was retrospectively analyzed. Adverse outcomes were considered to be an outcome modified Rankin Scale score greater than 2 due to embolization or surgery.

Results
A total of 538 surgical cases were included. The percentages of adverse outcomes were as follows: 0.34% for Spetzler-Martin AVMs less than Grade III (1 of 297 cases); 5.23% (95% CI 2.64%–9.78%) for Grade III AVMs (9 of 172 cases); and 17% (95% CI 10%–28%) for AVMs greater than Grade III (12 of 69 cases). There was no improvement in outcomes from the first period to the second period. The adverse outcome for Grade III brain AVMs in the first period was 5.2% (7 of 135 cases) and in the second period (after ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer was introduced) it was 5.4% (2 of 37 cases). For AVMs greater than Grade III, the adverse outcome was 12% (6 of 49 cases) in the first period and 30% (6 of 20 cases) in the second period.

Conclusions
Outcomes for brain AVM surgery were not improved by ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer embolization. Preoperative embolization of high-grade AVMs with an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer did not prevent those hemorrhagic complications which embolization is hypothesized to prevent based on theoretical speculations but not demonstrated in practice.
Two-Level Newton Iteration Methods for Navier-Stokes Type Variational Inequality Problem
Authors: An Rong , Qiu Hailong 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper deals with the two-level Newton iteration method based on the pressure projection stabilized finite element approximation to solve the numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes type variational inequality problem. We solve a small Navier-Stokes problem on the coarse mesh with mesh size H and solve a large linearized Navier-Stokes problem on the fine mesh with mesh size h. The error estimates derived show that if we choose h = O (|logh|1/2H3), then the two-level method we provide has the same H1 and L2 convergence orders of the velocity and the pressure as the one-level stabilized method. However, the L2 convergence order of the velocity is not consistent with that of one-level stabilized method. Finally, we give the numerical results to support the theoretical analysis.
On the Construction of Well-Conditioned Hierarchical Bases for (div)-Conforming ℝn Simplicial Elements
Authors: Xin Jianguo , Cai Wei , Guo Nailong 
Published: January 2013

AbstractHierarchical bases of arbitrary order for (div)-conforming triangular and tetrahedral elements are constructed with the goal of improving the conditioning of the mass and stiffness matrices. For the basis with the triangular element, it is found numerically that the conditioning is acceptable up to the approximation of order four, and is better than a corresponding basis in the dissertation by Sabine Zaglmayr [High Order Finite Element Methods for Electromagnetic Field Computation, Johannes Kepler Universität, Linz, 2006]. The sparsity of the mass matrices from the newly constructed basis and from the one by Zaglmayr is similar for approximations up to order four. The stiffness matrix with the new basis is much sparser than that with the basis by Zaglmayr for approximations up to order four. For the tetrahedral element, it is identified numerically that the conditioning is acceptable only up to the approximation of order three. Compared with the newly constructed basis for the triangular element, the sparsity of the mass matrices from the basis for the tetrahedral element is relatively sparser.
Synthesis of Fluorinated Building Blocks by Transition‐Metal‐Mediated Hydrodefluorination Reactions
Authors: Kuehnel Moritz F. , Lentz Dieter , Braun Thomas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe activation and functionalization of carbon–fluorine bonds can be considered as a major challenge in organometallic chemistry. The growing demand for means to introduce fluorine into new materials or into biologically active molecules has inspired the development of diverse synthetic strategies. Hydrodefluorination is regarded as a promising approach to access partially fluorinated building blocks from readily available perfluorinated bulk chemicals. We provide an overview of transition‐metal‐based complexes and catalysts that were developed to mediate hydrodefluorination reactions. Special emphasis will be placed on discussing the underlying mechanistic patterns and their impact on scope and selectivity. In addition, future requirements for further developing this field will be highlighted.
Nanoscale Assembly of Paramagnetic Organic Radicals on Au(111) Single Crystals
Authors: Savu Sabine‐Antonia , Biswas Indro , Sorace Lorenzo , Mannini Matteo , Rovai Donella , Caneschi Andrea , Chassé Thomas , Casu Maria Benedetta 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe successful thin‐film deposition of a pyrene‐substituted nitronyl nitroxide radical under controlled conditions has been demonstrated. The electronic properties, chemical environment at the interface, and morphology of the thin films have been investigated by a multitechnique approach. Spectroscopic and morphological analyses indicate a Stranski–Krastanov growth mode and weak physisorption of molecules onto the metallic surface. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy shows that evaporation processes and deposition do not affect the paramagnetic character of the molecules. Useful concepts for the engineering of new, purely organic‐based magnets, which may open the way to fruitful exploitation of organic molecular‐beam deposition for assembly on solid surfaces in view of future technological applications, are presented.
Ni‐Catalyzed [4+3+2] Cycloaddition of Ethyl Cyclopropylideneacetate and Dienynes: Scope and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Yamasaki Ryu , Ohashi Masato , Maeda Kyotaro , Kitamura Takuya , Nakagawa Minami , Kato Korehito , Fujita Tetsushi , Kamura Ryohei , Kinoshita Kazuto , Masu Hyuma , Azumaya Isao , Ogoshi Sensuke , Saito Shinichi 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA detailed study of the Ni‐catalyzed [4+3+2] cycloaddition reaction between ethyl cyclopropylideneacetate and dienynes has been conducted, resulting in the development of a new method for the synthesis of compounds containing nine‐membered rings. We studied the reactivity of various dienynes, together with their substituent and conformational effects. The mechanism of the reaction was probed by examining the stoichiometric reactions of the Ni complexes and dienynes.