bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Different Pre-Sowing Treatments on Seed Germination and Seedling Characteristics: A Case Study of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.), Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) and Ridge Gourd (Luffa acutangula)
Authors: Naik B. Pavan Kumar , Ruban J. Sam , Anburani A. , Patra Chinmayee , Venkatraj  , S Praveen Kumar 
Published: August 2024

In order to study the influence of different pre-sowing treatments on seed germination and seedling characteristics of bitter gourd cultivar Co-1, bottle gourd cultivar Pusa summer prolific long and ridge gourd cultivar Arka sumeet an experiment was conducted at Horticulture orchard, Department of Horticulture, Annamalai University during zaid season 2022. Three cucurbits were soaked in various treatments like T1-Control, T2-Tap water @ 24 hours, T3-GA3 @ 100 ppm with 24 hours of soaking, T4- GA3 @ 200 ppm with 24 hours of soaking, T5-100% Coconut water @ 24 hours of soaking, T6-3% Panchagavya @ 24 hours of soaking, T7-100% Fresh Milk @ 24 hours of soaking and T8-Azospirillum @ 24 hours to determine the best treatment. The study findings generally indicate that the seeds of bitter gourd, bottle gourd and ridge gourd responded in a variety of ways depending on the pre-sowing techniques used. Based on the study, the results indicated that the treatments T4- GA3 @ 200 ppm with 24 hours T5-100% Coconut water @ 24 hours and T6-3% Panchagavya @ 24 hours of soaking have shown the highly significant compared to the T1- control and enhanced the germination percentage, shoot length, root length, seedling length and vigour index on all the three cucurbits. These results can be used for developing future research on plant growth improvements and this approach has need to deliberate by modern farmers.
Transient Substrate‐Induced Catalyst Formation in a Dynamic Molecular Network
Authors: Fanlo‐Virgós Hugo , Alba Andrea‐Nekane R. , Hamieh Saleh , Colomb‐Delsuc Mathieu , Otto Sijbren 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn biology enzyme concentrations are continuously regulated, yet for synthetic catalytic systems such regulatory mechanisms are underdeveloped. We now report how a substrate of a chemical reaction induces the formation of its own catalyst from a dynamic molecular network. After complete conversion of the substrate, the network disassembles the catalyst. These results open up new opportunities for controlling catalysis in synthetic chemical systems.
Helligkeit durch lokale Rigidifizierung – LNA‐verstärkte FIT‐Sonden zur bildgebenden Darstellung von Ribonukleotidpartikeln in vivo
Authors: Hövelmann Felix , Gaspar Imre , Loibl Simon , Ermilov Eugeny A. , Röder Beate , Wengel Jesper , Ephrussi Anne , Seitz Oliver 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBei der Analyse der RNA‐Dynamik in lebenden Zellen werden üblicherweise transgene Methoden eingesetzt. Diese erfordern modifizierte RNAs und Zellen. Hingegen ermöglichen Hybridisierungs‐Fluoreszenzsonden Untersuchungen an Wildtyp‐Zellen. Wir haben Nuklease‐resistente FIT(“DNA‐forced intercalation”)‐Sonden entwickelt, in denen hohe Anstiege der Fluoreszenz durch Hybridisierung mit einer großen Helligkeit einhergehen, sodass einzelne Ribonukleotidpartikel (RNP) verfolgt werden können. Hierbei dient ein einzelner Thiazolorange(TO)‐Interkalationsfarbstoff als Nukleobasensurrogat während eine benachbarte LNA(“locked nucleic acid”)‐Modifikation die Umgebung konformativ fixiert. Dies schließt Fluoreszenzabklingkanäle und erhöht so die Helligkeit von TO in Sonden‐Ziel‐Komplexen. Zwei FIT‐Sonden reichen aus, um oskar‐RNPs in lebenden Wildtyp‐Oozyten von Drosophila melanogaster zu verfolgen.
Pyrene‐Based Quantitative Detection of the 5‐Formylcytosine Loci Symmetry in the CpG Duplex Content during TET‐Dependent Demethylation
Authors: Xu Liang , Chen Ying‐Chu , Chong Jenny , Fin Andrea , McCoy Lisa S. , Xu Jun , Zhang Chao , Wang Dong 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMethylcytosine (5mC) is mostly symmetrically distributed in CpG sites. Ten‐eleven‐translocation (TET) proteins are the key enzymes involved in active DNA demethylation through stepwise oxidation of 5mC. However, oxidation pathways of TET enzymes in the symmetrically methylated CpG context are still elusive. Employing the unique fluorescence properties of pyrene group, we designed and synthesized a sensitive fluorescence‐based probe not only to target 5‐formylcytosine (5fC) sites, but also to distinguish symmetric from asymmetric 5fC sites in the double stranded DNA context during TET‐dependent 5mC oxidation process. Using this novel probe, we revealed dominant levels of symmetric 5fC among total 5fC sites during in vitro TET‐dependent 5mC oxidation and novel mechanistic insights into the TET‐dependent 5mC oxidation in the mCpG context.
A Toxic RNA Catalyzes the In Cellulo Synthesis of Its Own Inhibitor
Authors: Rzuczek Suzanne G. , Park HaJeung , Disney Matthew D. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPotent modulators of RNA function can be assembled in cellulo by using the cell as a reaction vessel and a disease‐causing RNA as a catalyst. When designing small molecule effectors of function, a balance between permeability and potency must be struck. Low molecular weight compounds are more permeable whereas higher molecular weight compounds are more potent. The advantages of both types of compounds could be synergized if low molecular weight molecules could be transformed into potent, multivalent ligands by a reaction that is catalyzed by binding to a target in cells expressing a genetic defect. It was shown that this approach is indeed viable in cellulo. Small molecule modules with precisely positioned alkyne and azide moieties bind adjacent internal loops in r(CCUG)exp, the causative agent of myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2), and are transformed into oligomeric, potent inhibitors of DM2 RNA dysfunction by a Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction, a variant of click chemistry.
Cluster Linker Approach: Preparation of a Luminescent Porous Framework with NbO Topology by Linking Silver Ions with Gold(I) Clusters
Authors: Lei Zhen , Pei Xiao‐Li , Jiang Zhan‐Guo , Wang Quan‐Ming 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA cluster‐based luminescent porous metal–organic framework has been constructed through a “cluster linker” approach. The luminescent gold(I) cluster, prefunctionalized with pyrazinyl groups, was used as a cluster linker, similar to an organic linker, to connect silver ions in order to form a 3D framework. 1D channels with 1.1 nm diameter were observed in the framework. The cluster with its intrinsic luminescence was incorporated into a porous framework to give a luminescent bifunctional NbO net. This MOF shows solvatochromic behavior, and the interactions between solvent molecules and silver ions inside the channels account for the changes in absorption and emission spectra.
Hierarchically porous graphitic carbon monoliths containing nickel nanoparticles as magnetically separable adsorbents for dyes
Authors: Liu Yurong , Lin Baoping , Li Dan , Zhang Xueqin , Sun Ying , Yang Hong 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe hierarchically porous graphitic carbon monoliths containing nickel nanoparticles (HPGCM‐Ni) were fabricated via multi‐component co‐assembly in polyurethane (PU) foam scaffold associated with a direct carbonization process from triblock copolymer F127, diblock copolymer PDMS‐PEO, phenolic resol, and nickel nitrate and subsequent silicates removal with NaOH solution. The decomposable PU foam scaffold played important role in the process of multi‐component co‐assembly and macrostructure formation. The nickel salts were reduced to metallic Ni nanoparticles during the carbonization process. The obtained HPGCM‐Ni materials exhibited macropores of 100–450 μm, mesopore size of 7.2 nm, BET surface area of 725 m2 g−1, pore volume of 0.74 cm3 g−1, and saturation magnetization of 2.3 emu g−1. Using methyl orange as model dye pollutant in water, HPGCM‐Ni samples showed good adsorption capacity of 440 mg g−1, exhibiting excellent adsorption characteristics desirable for the application in adsorption of dyes and separation under an external magnetic field. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41322.
Preparation of amphoteric polycarboxylate superplasticizers and their performances in cementitious system
Authors: Jiang Lingfei , Kong Xiangming , Lu Zichen , Hou Shanshan 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTA series of amphoteric polycarboxylate (PC) polymers were synthesized by radical copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA), [3‐(methacryloylamino) propyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) and ω‐methoxypolyoxyethylene methacrylate ester (MPEGMA). Cationic groups were introduced in to PC molecules with expectation of less retardation effect on cement hydration compared to the traditional anionic PC superplasticizers. The content of cationic groups in polymer was varied by changing the monomer ratio of MAPTAC to AA in the synthesis recipes. The structure of the synthesized amphoteric PCs was verified by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The performances of the amphoteric PCs were evaluated by measurement of flowability and zeta‐potential of cement pastes and adsorption amount of PC in cement pastes. Impacts of the PCs on cement hydration were studied by isothermal calorimetry. It is concluded that both anionic and cationic PC polymers can be effectively adsorbed onto the surface of cement particles and thus change the zeta potential of cement pastes. The adsorption amounts of the amphoteric PCs decrease with increasing content of cationic units. A proper incorporation of cationic units into PC polymers may lead to a higher fluidizing performance in fresh cement pastes. The amphoteric PC polymers with higher content of cationic units show less retardation effect on cement hydration and hence higher early strength of cementitious materials may be achieved by using amphoteric PCs with appropriated content of cationic units without losing their plasticizing efficiency. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41348.
Polypyrrole film architectures influence on platinum nanoparticles efficiency in ethanol electrooxidation
Authors: Stoian Andrei Bogdan , Buica George‐Octavian , Demetrescu Ioana 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe electrodeposition of polypyrrole films from aqueous surfactant solution through a two‐dimensional polystyrene template onto indium‐tin oxide substrate has been investigated. The polymer grows in the interstitial spaces of the self‐assembled polystyrene spheres, which were subsequently removed by dissolution in toluene. The new obtained surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Platinum nanoparticles were deposited onto the nanostructured polypyrrole electrode and used as a catalyst for the oxidation of ethanol for direct ethanol fuel cells. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41375.
Numerical prediction of algae cell mixing feature in raceway ponds using particle tracing methods
Authors: Ali Haider , Cheema Taqi A. , Yoon Ho‐Sung , Do Younghae , Park Cheol W. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn the present study, a novel technique, which involves numerical computation of the mixing length of algae particles in raceway ponds, was used to evaluate the mixing process. A value of mixing length that is higher than the maximum streamwise distance (MSD) of algae cells indicates that the cells experienced an adequate turbulent mixing in the pond. A coupling methodology was adapted to map the pulsating effects of a 2D paddle wheel on a 3D raceway pond in this study. The turbulent mixing was examined based on the computations of mixing length, residence time, and algae cell distribution in the pond. The results revealed that the use of particle tracing methodology is an improved approach to define the mixing phenomenon more effectively. Moreover, the algae cell distribution aided in identifying the degree of mixing in terms of mixing length and residence time. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 297–307. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of fexofenadine in Hank's balanced salt solution by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection: application to Caco‐2 cell permeability studies
Authors: Júnior Marco Antônio dos. Reis , de Faria Ana Cláudia Miranda , Velozo Eudes da. Silva , Dalla Costa Teresa , de Andrade Frank Pereira , de Castro Whocely Victor 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe drug‐transporting proteins can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodymanics of many drugs, resulting in an erratic and unpredictable pharmacological response. The Caco‐2 monolayer is routinely applied to investigate the carrier‐mediated transport of drugs. Therefore, the selection of a marker compound able to characterize the activity of such transporters is crucial. Fexofenadine (FEX), a P‐gp/OATP substrate, can be considered a suitable probe. However, in order to use be used as a marker compound, it is mandatory to develop an analytical method able to quantify this drug during the in vitro permeability assay. An HPLC method with ultraviolet detection was developed; the mobile phase consisted of phosphate buffer (pH 3.2) containing 10 m m of sodium octanosulphonate and acetonitrile (60:40) and the flow rate was set at 1.2 mL/min. Fexofenadine was eluted at 40°C, the retention time was about 4.6 min. The LOD and LOQ values were 1.9 and 6.2 ng/mL, respectively. Verapamil and ketoconazole, the most common P‐gp inhibitors, were eluted as distinct peaks of that corresponding to fexofenadine The method was successfully applied to quantify the amount of FEX transported across the Caco‐2 monolayer and could be an additional tool for those investigating the role of membrane transporters on drug absorption. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quadruple wild‐type (WT) GIST: defining the subset of GIST that lacks abnormalities of KIT, PDGFRA, SDH, or RAS signaling pathways
Authors: Pantaleo Maria A. , Nannini Margherita , Corless Christopher L. , Heinrich Michael C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA subset of GISTs lack mutations in the KIT/PDGFRA or RAS pathways and yet retain an intact succinate dehydrogensase (SDH) complex. We propose that these KIT/PDGFRA/SDH/RAS‐P WT GIST tumors be designated as quadruple wild‐type (WT) GIST. Further molecular and clinicophatological characterization of quadruple WT GIST will help to determine their prognosis as well as assist in the optimization of medical management, including clinical test of novel therapies.
Does Social Capital Protect Against the Adverse Behavioural Outcomes of Child Neglect?
Authors: Kotch Jonathan B. , Smith Jamie , Margolis Benyamin , Black Maureen M. , English Diana , Thompson Richard , Lee Li‐Ching , Taneja Gitanjali , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. 
Published: August 2014

LONGSCAN was a longitudinal study of the risks and consequences of child abuse and neglect conducted between 1992 and 2012 among five sites across the US. Interviews with mothers of at‐risk children began when the children were four years of age, and mothers and children from age six to age 18 years were interviewed every other year. Maltreatment reports were obtained from departments of social services, and subjects’ self‐reported abuse was obtained at age 12. Generalised estimating equations were used to investigate the impact of informal social control, social cohesion and trust (SCT), and caregiver depression at ages 12, 14 and 16 years on externalising behaviours, smoking and alcohol use among 18‐year olds who had been neglected prior to age 12. In models controlling for child age and gender, maltreatment types other than neglect, maternal education and study site, SCT significantly reduced the impact of caregiver depression on externalising behaviour and alcohol use among the neglected children at age 18. This moderating effect was not seen among non‐neglected 18‐year‐old children. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Messages:

Child neglect is a significant predictor of adolescent health risk behaviours.
Caregiver depression increases the risk of neglect and increases the adverse behavioural outcomes of neglect.
Among children neglected before age 12, in the presence of caregiver depression, SCT reduce externalising behaviours and alcohol use at age 18.
Identification and treatment of caregiver depression, along with supporting community cohesion and neighbourhood trust, can ameliorate some of the negative outcomes associated with child neglect.‘Child neglect is a significant predictor of adolescent health risk behaviours’
Enzyme Toolbox: Novel Enantiocomplementary Imine Reductases
Authors: Scheller Philipp N. , Fademrecht Silvia , Hofelzer Sebastian , Pleiss Jürgen , Leipold Friedemann , Turner Nicholas J. , Nestl Bettina M. , Hauer Bernhard 
Published: August 2014

AbstractReducing reactions are among the most useful transformations for the generation of chiral compounds in the fine‐chemical industry. Because of their exquisite selectivities, enzymatic approaches have emerged as the method of choice for the reduction of CO and activated CC bonds. However, stereoselective enzymatic reduction of CN bonds is still in its infancy—it was only recently described after the discovery of enzymes capable of imine reduction. In our work, we increased the spectrum of imine‐reducing enzymes by database analysis. By combining the currently available knowledge about the function of imine reductases with the experimentally uncharacterized diversity stored in protein sequence databases, three novel imine reductases with complementary enantiopreference were identified along with amino acids important for catalysis. Furthermore, their reducing capability was demonstrated by the reduction of the pharmaceutically relevant prochiral imine 2‐methylpyrroline. These novel enzymes exhibited comparable to higher catalytic efficiencies than previously described enzymes, and their biosynthetic potential is highlighted by the full conversion of 2‐methylpyrroline in whole cells with excellent selectivities.
A Coenzyme‐Independent Decarboxylase/Oxygenase Cascade for the Efficient Synthesis of Vanillin
Authors: Furuya Toshiki , Miura Misa , Kino Kuniki 
Published: August 2014

AbstractVanillin is one of the most widely used flavor compounds in the world as well as a promising versatile building block. The biotechnological production of vanillin from plant‐derived ferulic acid has attracted much attention as a new alternative to chemical synthesis. One limitation of the known metabolic pathway to vanillin is its requirement for expensive coenzymes. Here, we developed a novel route to vanillin from ferulic acid that does not require any coenzymes. This artificial pathway consists of a coenzyme‐independent decarboxylase and a coenzyme‐independent oxygenase. When Escherichia coli cells harboring the decarboxylase/oxygenase cascade were incubated with ferulic acid, the cells efficiently synthesized vanillin (8.0 mM, 1.2 g L−1) via 4‐vinylguaiacol in one pot, without the generation of any detectable aromatic by‐products. The efficient method described here might be applicable to the synthesis of other high‐value chemicals from plant‐derived aromatics.
Left atrial appendage closure using the amulet device: An initial experience with the second generation amplatzer cardiac plug
Authors: Lam Simon Cheung Chi , Bertog Stefan , Gafoor Sameer , Vaskelyte Laura , Boehm Patrick , Ho Raymond Wei Jian , Franke Jennifer , Hofmann Ilona , Sievert Horst 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesAim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility, safety, and short‐term outcome of left atrial appendage (LAA) closure with a new generation LAA closure device.BackgroundThe Amulet device (AGA, St Jude Medical, Minneapolis, MN) is a new generation of the amplatzer cardiac plug (ACP), specifically designed for LAA closure. This new version is designed to facilitate the implantation process and minimize procedural or device‐related complications.MethodsThe device was implanted in 17 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Clinical data were obtained at baseline, during the procedure, at discharge, at 30 and 90 days.ResultsAll devices were implanted successfully. Device sizes ranged from 20 mm to 31 mm. A 12 French (Fr) or 14 Fr delivery sheath was used depending on the selected device size. Full and partial recapture was performed in 1 case and 3 cases, respectively. There was 1 procedure‐related pericardial effusion successfully managed with pericardiocentesis. There was no device embolization. The mean length of stay was 2.1 ± 0.3 days. At 90 days, there were no deaths, strokes, systemic thromboembolism, or bleeding complications. There was no device‐related thrombus or pericardial effusion at 90‐day TEE. In 2 of the 17 patients minimal peridevice flow (smaller than 2 mm) was present.ConclusionsThe Amulet device, which has new novel features as compared with the first generation ACP, is a feasible option for LAA closure. From our initial experience, implantation of the Amulet is associated with high success rate and good short‐term outcome. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polysiloxane‐Based Luminescent Elastomers Prepared by Thiol–ene “Click” Chemistry
Authors: Zuo Yujing , Lu Haifeng , Xue Lei , Wang Xianming , Wu Lianfeng , Feng Shengyu 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSide‐chain vinyl poly(dimethylsiloxane) has been modified with mercaptopropionic acid, methyl 3‐mercaptopropionate, and mercaptosuccinic acid. Coordinative bonding of EuIII to the functionalized polysiloxanes was then carried out and crosslinked silicone elastomers were prepared by thiol–ene curing reactions of these composites. All these europium complexes could be cast to form transparent, uniform, thin elastomers with good flexibility and thermal stability. The networks were characterized by FTIR, NMR, UV/Vis, and luminescence spectroscopy as well as by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The europium elastomer luminophores exhibited intense red light at 617 nm under UV excitation at room temperature due to the 5D0→7F2 transition in EuIII ions. The newly synthesized luminescent materials offer many advantages, including the desired mechanical flexibility. They cannot be dissolved or fused, and so they have potential for use in optical and electronic applications.
Multicomponent Assembly of Fluorescent‐Tag Functionalized Ligands in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Sensing Explosives
Authors: Gole Bappaditya , Bar Arun Kumar , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDetection of trace amounts of explosive materials is significantly important for security concerns and pollution control. Four multicomponent metal–organic frameworks (MOFs‐12, 13, 23, and 123) have been synthesized by employing ligands embedded with fluorescent tags. The multicomponent assembly of the ligands was utilized to acquire a diverse electronic behavior of the MOFs and the fluorescent tags were strategically chosen to enhance the electron density in the MOFs. The phase purity of the MOFs was established by PXRD, NMR spectroscopy, and finally by single‐crystal XRD. Single‐crystal structures of the MOFs‐12 and 13 showed the formation of three‐dimensional porous networks with the aromatic tags projecting inwardly into the pores. These electron‐rich MOFs were utilized for detection of explosive nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) through fluorescence quenching with high selectivity and sensitivity. The rate of fluorescence quenching for all the MOFs follows the order of electron deficiency of the NACs. We also showed the detection of picric acid (PA) by luminescent MOFs is not always reliable and can be misleading. This attracts our attention to explore these MOFs for sensing picryl chloride (PC), which is as explosive as picric acid and used widely to prepare more stable explosives like 2,4,6‐trinitroaniline from PA. Moreover, the recyclability and sensitivity studies indicated that these MOFs can be reused several times with parts per billion (ppb) levels of sensitivity towards PC and 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT).