bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Input-Output-Relationen – Zu den Voraussetzungen einer Effizienzmessung medizinischer Fakultäten anhand von Drittmitteln
Authors: Hartstein Judith 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungMedizinische Fakultäten in Deutschland müssen ihre strategischen Kalkulationen auf mehrere Wettbewerbe beziehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag greift die intra-fakultäre Perspektive heraus und versteht die Sicherstellung von Effizienz als zentrale Aufgabe des Controllings durch Dekanate. Empirisch wird untersucht, ob an die an den Fakultäten gehaltenen Daten für die Betrachtung von Effizienz geeignet sind, also des mengenmäßigen Outputs in Bezug auf den Input. Die Voraussetzungen der Effizienzmessung werden dafür als Modellannahmen für die lineare Regression verstanden und exemplarisch diskutiert. Neben den etablierten Variablen wissenschaftliche Beschäftigte (Input) und Publikationen (Output), werden jüngst auch Drittmittel sowohl als Input- als auch als Outputvariablen vorgeschlagen. Aber wäre für die Effizienzmessung eine Perspektive auf Drittmittel als Input möglich und sinnvoll? Und welche Drittmitteldarstellung wäre als Output-Parameter am geeignetsten? Die Diskussion der Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen mündet in Empfehlungen zu den Voraussetzungen einer Effizienzmessung an medizinischen Fakultäten.
Qualitätsmaße zur Evaluierung medizinischer Forschung – Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungen aus dem Projekt QuaMedFo
Authors: Peters Isabella , Biesenbender Sophie 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Verbundprojekt QuaMedFo widmete sich insbesondere der Erforschung der praktischen Verwendung und Eignung von verschiedenen, in Evaluationskontexten der deutschen medizinischen Fakultäten und Universitätskliniken verwendeten Indikatoren. Dabei wählte das Projekt einen forschungsinformationsbasierten Ansatz, der verschiedene Daten bzw. Datenzugänge analysierte und ihre methodisch-theoretische wie auch praktische Nutzbarkeit für verschiedene Anwendungskontexte überprüfte. Dieser Beitrag fasst die zentralen Ergebnisse von QuaMedFo zusammen, beschreibt die Herausforderungen für die Evaluation medizinischer Forschung und formuliert Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungen für die zukünftige Evaluierungspraxis.
Health literacy in physical trauma patients
Authors: Christ Alexandra , Bamer Oskar , Seilern und Aspang Jesse , Aldrian Silke , Herold Johannes , Haider Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Background
Health literacy (HL) refers to the ability to understand and process information provided by the healthcare system and depends on various factors, such as language comprehension, education, and social environment. Low HL was recently associated with increased readmission, morbidity, and mortality. Little is known about HL levels in physical trauma patients. The aim of this study was to determine general HL in physical trauma patients in an outpatient setting and to evaluate possible differences based on demographic characteristics.

Material and methods
A total of 100 physical trauma patients were recruited in the outpatient trauma facility of the Medical University of Vienna. All recruited patients completed the German Short Test of Functional Health Literacy (S-TOFHLA).

Results
The evaluated HL index ranged between 20 and 36 points (highest achievable score: 36 points), with the mean value calculated at 34.3 (adequate). Out of 100 participants, 97 patients (97%) showed adequate HL and 3 patients (3%) reached a score corresponding to a marginal understanding. No patient showed inadequate HL utilizing the S‑TOFHLA tool. No significant differences were found between different demographic categories, including age, education level, native language, and injury location.

Conclusion
In this study, included outpatient trauma patients demonstrated an overall adequate understanding of healthcare related information. Age, sociodemographic background, and/or educational status did not influence performance, which leads to the question as to whether the German version of the S‑TOFHLA is valid to representatively measure HL in these patients. Furthermore, regarding the obvious shortcomings of the S‑TOFHLA, the education standard of the respective population should be taken into consideration when choosing an appropriate testing tool.
Endo- and exothermal mechanocaloric response in rubbers
Authors: Matsuo Takasuke , Takajo Daisuke 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe investigated mechanocaloric properties of two silicone rubbers using an in-house made apparatus. Tension $$f$$
f
and temperature change $$\Delta T$$

Δ
T

of the rubber samples in the form of tapes were measured as they were extended up to a normalized length $$\lambda \approx 2$$

λ
≈
2

at a constant rate. Endothermal and exothermal components of the thermal response were observed and separated. The engineering stress and (decrease of) the entropy density derived from the data were analyzed. The number densities of the partial chains and the coefficients of the positive (endothermal) entropy contribution were determined as material constants of the rubbers. Non-idealities were revealed by the large difference between the work done on the rubber for the extension and the heat that evolved in the process. It decreased to a considerable extent when the heat was corrected for the endothermal effect arising from the above-mentioned endothermal entropy contribution. This may be understood as an indication of hidden near-ideality of silicone rubbers. Dissipation of the work into heat is quantified using the difference between the temperature changes on extension and contraction.
Strategic Bureaucracy: The Convergence of Bureaucratic and Strategic Management Logics in the Organizational Restructuring of Universities
Authors: Woelert Peter , Stensaker Bjørn 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOver recent decades, one can identify two key narratives associated with changes in university organization and governance. The first narrative focuses on the administrative consequences of an off-loading state relinquishing direct control over some of universities’ internal operations while at the same time driving bureaucratization at the institutional level. The second narrative focuses on the emergence of an increasingly competitive and uncertain environment driving universities to transform into strategically managed organizations. In this paper, we argue that while the organizational logics associated with these two narratives imply differently accentuated forms of legitimation, they converge and combine with respect to key dimensions of universities’ internal organizing, ultimately giving rise to a hybrid form of organizational governance we label ‘strategic bureaucracy’. Such strategic bureaucracy, we illustrate, is characterized by a strong focus on strategic leadership and the associated management techniques while also intensifying organizational features traditionally associated with bureaucratic governance such as formalization and hierarchical authority.
Non-thermal obliteration of critically ranked carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and its resistance gene in a batch atmospheric plasma reactor
Authors: Mosaka Thabang B. M. , Unuofin John O. , Daramola Michael O. , Tizaoui Chedly , Iwarere Samuel A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been implicated as direct key reservoir of both antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) associated with human infection, as high concentrations of ARBs and ARGs have been detected in recycled hospital wastewater. Among the ARBs, the carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has been ranked as priority 1 (critical) pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), due to its overwhelming burden on public health. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology as an alternative disinfection step to inactivate this bacterium and its ARGs. Culture-based method and PCR were employed in confirming the carbapenem resistance gene blaNDM-1 in A. baumannii (BAA 1605). Suspension of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (24 h culture) was prepared from the confirmed isolate and subjected to plasma treatment at varying time intervals (3 min, 6 min, 9 min, 12 min, and 15 min) in triplicates. The plasma-treated samples were evaluated for re-growth and the presence of the resistance gene. The treatment resulted in a 1.13 log reduction after 3 min and the highest log reduction of ≥ 8 after 15 min, and the results also showed that NTP was able to inactivate the blaNDM-1 gene. The log reduction and gel image results suggest that plasma disinfection has a great potential to be an efficient tertiary treatment step for WWTPs.
Harnessing Immersive Virtual Reality: A Comprehensive Scoping Review of its Applications in Assessing, Understanding, and Treating Eating Disorders
Authors: Di Natale Anna Flavia , Pizzoli Silvia Francesca Maria , Brizzi Giulia , Di Lernia Daniele , Frisone Fabio , Gaggioli Andrea , Rabarbari Elisa , Oasi Osmano , Repetto Claudia , Rossi Chiara , Scerrati Elisa , Villani Daniela , Riva Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmersive Virtual Reality (IVR) has shown promise in the assessment, understanding, and treatment of eating disorders (EDs), providing a dynamic platform for clinical innovation. This scoping review aims to synthesize the recent advancements and applications of IVR in addressing these complex psychological disorders.MethodsThis review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols, focusing on studies published in the past five years. It included peer-reviewed papers that used IVR for ED assessment, examination, or treatment. A comprehensive database search provided a selection of relevant articles, which were then methodically screened and analyzed.ResultsTwenty studies met the inclusion criteria, with a primary focus on Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and Binge Eating Disorder (BED). The application of IVR was categorized into three areas: assessment, understanding, and treatment. IVR was found to be an effective tool in assessing body image distortions and emotional responses to food, providing insights that are less accessible through traditional methods. Furthermore, IVR offers innovative treatment approaches by facilitating exposure therapy, modifying body-related biases, and enabling emotional regulation through embodied experiences. The studies demonstrate IVR’s potential to improve body image accuracy, reduce food-related anxieties, and support behavioral changes in ED patients.ConclusionIVR stands out as a transformative technology in the field of EDs, offering comprehensive benefits across diagnostic, therapeutic, and experiential domains. The IVR’s ability to simulate the brain’s predictive coding mechanisms provides a powerful avenue for delivering embodied, experiential interventions that can help recalibrate distorted body representations and dysfunctional affective predictive models implicated in EDs. Future research should continue to refine these applications, ensuring consistent methodologies and wider clinical trials to fully harness IVR’s potential in clinical settings.
Validation and assessment of the self-injurious behavior scale for tic disorders (SIBS-T)
Authors: Szejko Natalia , Schlarmann Heike große , Pisarenko Anna , Haas Martina , Brandt Valerie , Jakubovski Ewgeni , Müller-Vahl Kirsten R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSelf-injurious behavior (SIB) is a well-known phenomenon in patients with chronic tic disorders (CTD). To investigate prospectively symptomatology of SIB in adults with CTD, we developed and validated the self-injurious behavior scale for tic disorders (SIBS-T). Patients completed the SIBS-T and a variety of assessments for tics and comorbidities. We investigated SIB frequency, internal consistency of the SIBS-T, and carried out an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). We enrolled n = 123 adult patients with CTD. SIB was reported by n = 103 patients (83.7%). The most frequently reported SIB were beating/pushing/throwing and were found in 79.6% of cases. Patients with SIB had significantly higher tic severity measured with the Adult Tic Questionnaire (ATQ) (p = 0.002) as well as higher severity of psychiatric comorbidities such as obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCS) (p < 0.001,), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (p < 0.001,), and anxiety (p = 0.001). In addition, patients with SIB had significantly lower quality of life (p = 0.002). Pearson correlations demonstrated significant associations between SIB and severity of tics (p < 0.001), depression (p = 0.005), ADHD (p = 0.008), and borderline personality traits (p = 0.014). Consequently, higher SIBS-T also correlated with greater impairment of quality of life (p < 0.001). The internal consistency of the SIBS-T was good (α = 0.88). The EFA confirmed a single factor underlying the SIBS-T.
Design of a microstrip Wilkinson power divider using a low pass filter with the particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Mohammadi Milad , Karimi Gholamreza , Sarabi Hesam Ghitasy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a microstrip Wilkinson power divider (MWPD) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is designed, simulated, and fabricated using novel resonators. In addition, attenuators and open-ended stubs are incorporated to generate a broad cut-off band and reduce unwanted harmonics. The proposed power divider has a central frequency of 1 GHz. The performance of each used resonator is analyzed based on lumped-element circuit models.TheLandCparameters of the equivalent circuit of the used resonators are predicted and optimized with the assistance of the PSO method. The subsequent phase was the fabrication of the proposed MWPD, after which its performance was evaluated in the light of the results obtained from the simulation. It was discovered that there was a high degree of concordance between the two. On the other hand, the fabricated circuit has several benefits, including a suitable S12of − 3.15 dB, a high return loss of less than − 24 dB at the operating frequency, a compact size of 0.058$${\varvec{\lambda}}_{{\varvec{g}}}$$λg × 0.064$${\varvec{\lambda}}_{{\varvec{g}}}$$λg, and the ability to remove undesired harmonics. The results show a high level of suppression of the unwanted harmonics (up to the 16th harmonic) and a great responsiveness in the passband, while having very low ripple. As a result, the proposed circuit may be used in a wide variety of electronic devices, such as radar transmitter and receiver circuits, and many other high-frequency systems.
Code smells analysis for android applications and a solution for less battery consumption
Authors: Gupta Aakanshi , Suri Bharti , Sharma Deepanshu , Misra Sanjay , Fernandez-Sanz Luis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the digitization era, the battery consumption factor plays a vital role for the devices that operate Android software, expecting them to deliver high performance and good maintainability.The study aims to analyze the Android-specific code smells, their impact on battery consumption, and the formulation of a mathematical model concerning static code metrics hampered by the code smells. We studied the impact on battery consumption by three Android-specific code smells, namely: No Low Memory Resolver (NLMR), Slow Loop (SL) and Unclosed Closable, considering 4,165 classes of 16 Android applications. We used a rule-based classification method that aids the refactoring ideology. Subsequently, multi-linear regression (MLR) modeling is used to evaluate battery usage against the software metrics of smelly code instances. Moreover, it was possible to devise a correlation for the software metric influenced by battery consumption and rule-based classifiers. The outcome confirms that the refactoring of the considered code smells minimizes the battery consumption levels. The refactoring method accounts for an accuracy of 87.47% cumulatively. The applied MLR model has an R-square value of 0.76 for NLMR and 0.668 for SL, respectively. This study can guide the developers towards a complete package for the focused development life cycle of Android code, helping them minimize smartphone battery consumption and use the saved battery lives for other operations, contributing to the green energy revolution in mobile devices.
People follow motivation-structural rules when they react to synthetised sounds
Authors: Korcsok Beáta , Faragó Tamás , Ferdinandy Bence , Miklósi Ádám , Korondi Péter , Gácsi Márta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmotionally expressive vocalizations can elicit approach-avoidance responses in humans and non-human animals. We investigated whether artificially generated sounds have similar effects on humans. We assessed whether subjects' reactions were linked to acoustic properties, and associated valence and intensity. We generated 343 artificial sounds with differing call lengths, fundamental frequencies and added acoustic features across 7 categories and 3 levels of biological complexity. We assessed the hypothetical behavioural response using an online questionnaire with a manikin task, in which 172 participants indicated whether they would approach or withdraw from an object emitting the sound. (1) Quieter sounds elicited approach, while loud sounds were associated with avoidance. (2) The effect of pitch was modulated by category, call length and loudness. (2a) Low-pitched sounds in complex sound categories prompted avoidance, while in other categories they elicited approach. (2b) Higher pitch in loud sounds had a distancing effect, while higher pitch in quieter sounds prompted approach. (2c) Longer sounds promoted avoidance, especially at high frequencies. (3) Sounds with higher intensity and negative valence elicited avoidance. We conclude that biologically based acoustic signals can be used to regulate the distance between social robots and humans, which can provide an advantage in interactive scenarios.
Advanced differential evolution for gender-aware English speech emotion recognition
Authors: Yue Liya , Hu Pei , Zhu Jiulong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpeech emotion recognition (SER) technology involves feature extraction and prediction models. However, recognition efficiency tends to decrease because of gender differences and the large number of extracted features. Consequently, this paper introduces a SER system based on gender. First, gender and emotion features are extracted from speech signals to develop gender recognition and emotion classification models. Second, according to gender differences, distinct emotion recognition models are established for male and female speakers. The gender of speakers is determined before executing the corresponding emotion model. Third, the accuracy of these emotion models is enhanced by utilizing an advanced differential evolution algorithm (ADE) to select optimal features. ADE incorporates new difference vectors, mutation operators, and position learning, which effectively balance global and local searches. A new position repairing method is proposed to address gender differences. Finally, experiments on four English datasets demonstrate that ADE is superior to comparison algorithms in recognition accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, the number of used features and execution time. The findings highlight the significance of gender in refining emotion models, while mel-frequency cepstral coefficients are important factors in gender differences.
Effects of polyurethane hardness on the propagation of acoustic signals from partial discharge
Authors: Samad Abdul , Siew W. H. , Given Martin , Liggat John , Timoshkin Igor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolymeric insulation is a critical component of high voltage systems. However, exposure to high electric stress can cause partial discharges (PDs) to occur and may result in the deterioration of insulation and lead to dielectric failure. These PD events are accompanied by the production of acoustic pressure impulses in the polymer. Detection of these acoustic pressure impulses can reveal the presence of PDs and locate their source. However, analysing the detected acoustic emission (AE) signal is challenging. The acoustic pressure source's nature and the propagating medium's properties, such as density, viscosity, and elasticity, significantly affect the propagating AE signal. The effects of the hardness of the polyurethane (PU) on the propagating AE signal are reported by the authors based on results obtained from laboratory experiments. It was observed that the decay rate in the magnitude of the acoustic impulse was high in PU at all hardness levels following an exponential behaviour. The analysis of the frequency spectra indicates that the higher frequency components attenuate more strongly with distance. These laboratory results can be valuable for engineers and industries as they provide valuable insight into how the physical characteristics of a material affect the propagation characteristics of AE signals during the detection and location of PD source using the AE detection technique.
Chronische Niereninsuffizienz bei Typ-2-Diabetes – die stille Bedrohung einer Multisystemerkrankung
Authors: Günes-Altan Merve , Schmieder Roland 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie hohe Prävalenz von Typ-2-Diabetes (T2D) und die damit einhergehenden Auswirkungen auf verschiedene Organsysteme stellen in der Behandlung der betroffenen Patienten eine große Herausforderung dar. Eine der häufigsten Komplikationen ist die diabetische Nephropathie, die weltweit etwa 700 Millionen Menschen betrifft. Sie ist die Hauptursache für die Entwicklung einer chronischen Niereninsuffizienz (CNI) und führt zu einem signifikant erhöhten kardiovaskulären Risiko. Die diabetische Nephropathie präsentiert sich somit als Multisystemerkrankung und erfordert einen umfassenden Behandlungsansatz. Dieser Ansatz umfasst neben der Optimierung des Lebensstils auch die medikamentöse Therapie einschließlich antihyperglykämischer, antihypertensiver und lipidsenkender Wirkstoffe sowie neuere Wirkstoffe wie SGLT2-Inhibitoren, nicht steroidale Mineralokortikoid-Rezeptorantagonisten und GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten zur Nephro- und Kardioprotektion.
Komplexe koronare Herzerkrankung und Diabetes
Authors: Reith Sebastian 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Vergleich zur Normalpopulation haben Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus ein signifikant höheres kardiovaskuläres Risiko. Dies beinhaltet eine erhöhte kardiovaskuläre Ereignisrate sowohl vor einer Koronarintervention im Nativgefäß als auch postinterventionell im mit einem Stent versorgten Gefäßsegment. Entsprechend anspruchsvoll ist die optimale Revaskularisationsstrategie bei Diabetes und Vorliegen eines komplexen Koronarbefunds. Gerade bei einer koronaren Mehrgefäßerkrankung scheint die aortokoronare Bypassoperation bei Diabetikern einer perkutanen Koronarintervention überlegen zu sein, wohingegen die Datenlage bei koronarer Hauptstammbeteiligung und beim akuten Koronarsyndrom noch uneinheitlich ist.