bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOXO1 binds to the TAU5 motif and inhibits constitutively active androgen receptor splice variants
Authors: Bohrer Laura R. , Liu Ping , Zhong Jian , Pan Yunqian , Angstman James , Brand Lucas J. , Dehm Scott M. , Huang Haojie 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDAberrant activation of the androgen receptor (AR) is a major factor highly relevant to castration‐resistant progression of prostate cancer (PCa). FOXO1, a key downstream effector of PTEN, inhibits androgen‐independent activation of the AR. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive.METHODSThe inhibitory effect of FOXO1 on full‐length and constitutively active splice variants of the AR was examined by luciferase reporter assays and real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). In vitro protein binding assays and western blot analyses were used to determine the regions in FOXO1 and AR responsible for their interaction.RESULTSWe found that a putative transcription repression domain in the NH2‐terminus of FOXO1 is dispensable for FOXO1 inhibition of the AR. In vitro protein binding assays showed that FOXO1 binds to the transcription activation unit 5 (TAU5) motif in the AR NH2‐terminal domain (NTD), a region required for recruitment of p160 activators including SRC‐1. Ectopic expression of SRC‐1 augmented transcriptional activity of some, but not all AR splice variants examined. Forced expression of FOXO1 blocked the effect of SRC‐1 on AR variants' transcriptional activity by decreasing the binding of SRC‐1 to the AR NTD. Ectopic expression of FOXO1 inhibited expression of endogenous genes activated primarily by alternatively spliced AR variants in human castration‐resistant PCa 22Rv1 cells.CONCLUSIONSFOXO1 binds to the TAU5 motif in the AR NTD and inhibits ligand‐independent activation of AR splice variants, suggesting the PTEN/FOXO1 pathway as a potential therapeutic target for inhibition of aberrant AR activation and castration‐resistant PCa growth. Prostate 73: 1017–1027, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Carrier dynamics and localization in AlInN/GaN heterostructures
Authors: Marcinkevičius Saulius , Liuolia Vytautas , Billingsley Daniel , Shatalov Maxim , Yang Jinwei , Gaska Remis , Shur Michael S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPhotoexcited carrier dynamics and localization potentials in Al0.86In0.14N/GaN heterostructure have been examined by time‐resolved photoluminescence (PL), transient photoreflectance and scanning near‐field optical spectroscopy. The large GaN and AlInN PL intensity difference, and the short AlInN PL decay and GaN PL rise times indicate efficient photoexcited carrier transfer from AlInN to GaN via sub‐band edge states. Near‐field PL scans and photoreflectance data show that the diameter of the localization sites and the distance between them are well below 100 nm. Majority of these states is assigned to In clusters, in which the valence band has a higher energy than the valence band in a uniform AlInN alloy. It is likely that the carrier transport through the sub‐band edge states proceeds via high conductivity channels involving extended defects. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Insulating behavior of interfaces in regrown Al0.23Ga0.77N/GaN double heterostructures on Al0.07Ga0.93N back‐barrier templates
Authors: Reuters B. , Hahn H. , Behmenburg H. , Heuken M. , Kalisch H. , Vescan A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn important issue in multi‐step epitaxial growth processes are the electrical characteristics of regrown interfaces. Here, we present a study on interface quality and its effect onto insulating behavior and scattering effects in planar transistors. A double heterostructure with an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor on top of an AlGaN back‐barrier is used to assess electrical properties. Back‐barrier templates were exposed to air for several days and subsequently treated by wet and dry chemical etching. A strong impact on leakage behaviour of the regrown interface was observed. Lateral leakage currents as low as 1x10–8 A/mm are achieved with an optimized pre‐treatment. Furthermore, under optimized conditions, the regrown GaN channel thickness is varied to investigate the effect of different distances between the two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and the regrown interface. Here, enhanced scattering mechanisms, probably due to ionized impurities, lead to a mobility drop of the 2DEG. A parasitic channel is observed, which indicates the presence of additional impurities at the regrown interface. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High quality strain‐compensated multiple InAs/AlGaNAs quantum dot layers grown by MBE
Authors: Ye Hong , Sadeghi Mahdad , Song Yuxin , Lai Zonghe , Gu Yi , Wang Shumin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIntermediate band solar cells have attracted significant interest as a possible means of achieving high conversion efficiency. Under optimized growth parameters, we successfully achieve a high density of uniform InAs QDs grown on various matrixes by molecular beam epitaxy. Incorporating N atoms into GaAs and AlGaAs barriers effectively compensates the internal compressive strain and avoids formation of dislocations and defects. The 50 stacking of high density and uniform InAs QDs was demonstrated without detectable dislocations using 26 nm GaNAs as a barrier. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tensile strain‐induced formation of micro‐cracks for AlGaN/GaN heterostructures
Authors: Kotani Junji , Tomabechi Shuichi , Miyajima Toyoo , Nakamura Norikazu , Kikkawa Toshihide , Watanabe Keiji , Imanishi Kenji 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper investigated the effect of tensile strain in AlGaN barrier layer on the formation of micro‐cracks at the surface of AlGaN/GaN HEMT structures. The Al0.2Ga0.8N/GaN HEMT structures were cooled down under N2 + NH3 and H2 + NH3 environments and high‐density micro‐cracks were found only for the latter case, indicating that hydrogen etching is essential for crack formation. On the other hand, no micro‐cracks were observed even for H2 + NH3 cooling for thick AlGaN bulk layer. These results clearly correlate the tensile strain in the epitaxial layer and the formation of micro‐cracks. Cross‐sectional TEM analysis unveiled that screw/mixed dislocations were responsible for the formation of micro‐cracks. It is believed that etching preferably starts from the dislocations and propagates along the crystal planes with the help of the tensile strain in the epitaxial layers. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
SEASONALLY DRIVEN VARIATION IN SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AGRICULTURAL LAND USE AND IN‐STREAM NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: Yates A. G. , Brua R. B. , Corriveau J. , Culp J. M. , Chambers P. A. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTGeographic information system (GIS) based distance weighted models were applied to determine critical areas of agricultural influence in nine agriculturally dominated, prairie subcatchments in southern Manitoba, Canada. Models were generated using a range of coefficients to represent nutrient overland and in‐stream attenuation between agricultural source areas and stream sampling stations. Coefficients were also used to represent increased attenuation during overland travel through areas with natural vegetation. Water samples collected at intervals throughout the open water season were used to establish associations between areas of influence and in‐stream total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in each season and under different flow conditions. Critical areas of influence varied seasonally with areas of influence expanding with individual rainfall events. Inclusion of natural vegetated areas on the landscape resulted in substantial increases in model power for only one scenario. Agriculture in areas within approximately 100 m of the stream channel appears to be the most critical driver of in‐stream nutrient conditions during most seasons and under most flow conditions. Best management practices, such as vegetated buffer strips, should be most effective in controlling nutrient losses to southern Manitoba streams when situated within stream corridor, as opposed to upland areas, which appear to have minimal impact on in‐stream conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Low Oxygen Partial Pressure on the Chromium Partition in CaO–MgO–SiO2–Cr2O3–Al2O3 Synthetic Slag at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Albertsson Galina , Teng Lidong , Björkman Bo , Seetharaman Seshadri , Engström Fredrik 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe objective of the present work is to get an understanding of the impact of Al2O3 addition on the phase relationships in the CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–Cr2O3 slags at low oxygen partial pressures (${\rm P}_{{\rm O}_{2} } $ = 10−4 Pa), with a view to control the precipitation of Cr‐spinel in the slag. The equilibrium phases in CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–Cr2O3 slag system in the range on 1673–1873 K have been investigated. The compositions close to the industrial slag systems were chosen. The Cr2O3 content was fixed at 6 wt% and MgO at 8 wt%. Al2O3 contents in the slag were varied in the range of 3–12 wt%. The basicity (CaO/SiO2) of slag was set to 1.6. Gas/slag equilibrium technique was adopted. The samples were heated to 1873 K and soaked at this temperature for 24 h. The samples were then slow cooled to 1673 K and equilibrated for an additional 24 h. The oxygen partial pressure was kept at 10−4 Pa. A gas mixture of CO/CO2 was used to control the oxygen partial pressure. After the equilibration, the samples were quenched in water. The chromium distribution and phase compositions in the quenched slags were studied using SEM–WDS and XRD techniques. The results were compared with the phase equilibrium calculations obtained from FACTSAGE software and the samples equilibrated in air. The size of spinel crystals increased drastically after slow cooling followed by annealing compared to samples being quenched after soaking at 1873 K. It was also found that low oxygen partial pressure had a strong impact on chromium partition. The amount of spinel phase increases with increased Al2O3 content.
Assembly of the steel roof structure for the football stadium in Gdan´sk
Authors: Ziółko Jerzy , Les´niak Alojzy 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe technology of assembling the roof over the stadium built in Gdan´sk for the EURO 2012 European Football Championship is discussed here. The stadium has a characteristic silhouette – its shape and the colours of the façade resemble a cut block of amber. The steel roof structure has a quasi‐elliptical form, with a maximum diameter of 220 m and minimum diameter of 187 m. It is 38 m high and the roof girders extend 48 m over the grandstand below. The roof structure weights 7150 t and was assembled in 226 days.
The aluminium and polycarbonate covering to the roof over the stadium in Gdan´sk
Authors: Kowalski Dariusz 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper presents information about structural elements of the roof covering to the stadium in Gdan´sk built for the 2012 European Football Championship in Poland and the Ukraine. The paper discusses elements of the polycarbonate covering, the supporting structure and the drainage system. It also provides information about tests and research performed prior to construction, which determined the solutions adopted as well as the roof’s present and future condition.
Navigation and steering for autonomous virtual humans
Authors: Kapadia Mubbasir , Badler Norman I. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe ever‐increasing applicability of interactive virtual worlds in industry and academia has given rise to the need for robust, versatile autonomous virtual humans to inject life into these environments. There are two fundamental problems that must be addressed to produce functional, purposeful autonomous populaces: (1)Navigation: finding a collision‐free global path from an agent's start position to its target in large complex environments, and (2) Steering: moving an agent along the path while avoiding static and dynamic threats such as other agents. In this review, we survey the large body of contributions in steering and navigation for autonomous agents in dynamic virtual worlds. We describe the benefits and limitations of different proposed solutions and identify potential future research directions to meet the needs for the next generation of interactive virtual world applications. WIREs Cogn Sci 2013, 4:263–272. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1223This article is categorized under:

Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence
Large‐scale hydrologic and hydrodynamic modeling of the Amazon River basin
Authors: de Paiva Rodrigo Cauduro Dias , Buarque Diogo Costa , Collischonn Walter , Bonnet Marie‐Paule , Frappart Frédéric , Calmant Stephane , Bulhões Mendes Carlos André 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Remote sensing validation of a hydrologic‐hydrodynamic model of the Amazon
Uncertainty of precipitation and river‐floodplain parameters cause model errors
Importance of floodplains and backwater effects on flood waves traveling
Data‐based comparison of frequency analysis methods: A general framework
Authors: Renard B. , Kochanek K. , Lang M. , Garavaglia F. , Paquet E. , Neppel L. , Najib K. , Carreau J. , Arnaud P. , Aubert Y. , Borchi F. , Soubeyroux J.‐M. , Jourdain S. , Veysseire J.‐M. , Sauquet E. , Cipriani T. , Auffray A. 
Published: February 2013

Key PointsA general framework for comparing frequency analysis methodsFocus is on the predictive performance of frequency analysis methodsReliability of uncertainty estimates is assessed using a predictive distribution
Pore‐scale evaluation of uranyl phosphate precipitation in a model groundwater system
Authors: Fanizza Michael F. , Yoon Hongkyu , Zhang Changyong , Oostrom Martinus , Wietsma Thomas W. , Hess Nancy J. , Bowden Mark E. , Strathmann Timothy J. , Finneran Kevin T. , Werth Charles J. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
In situ uranyl phosphate precipitation is fast on the time scale of remediation
Ca2+ & SO42‐ affect uranyl phosphate precipitation rate and morphology
Only chernikovite is formed, and it blocks pore spaces and reduces mixing
Tree rings and multiseason drought variability in the lower Rio Grande Basin, USA
Authors: Woodhouse C. A. , Meko D. M. , Griffin D. , Castro C. L. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
A new tree‐ring data network is used to reconstruct the southwestern US monsoon
Reconstructions indicate low Rio Grande flow followed by a dry summer is common
The severity of the current Rio Grande basin drought is not yet unprecedented
Influence of constant rate versus slug injection experiment type on parameter identifiability in a 1‐D transient storage model for stream solute transport
Authors: Wlostowski Adam N. , Gooseff Michael N. , Wagener Thorsten 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Dispersion is more sensitive using slugs than using constant rate methods
Storage zone area is more sensitive using constant rate than slug methods
Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis methods reveal information content of data
Recognizing and modeling variable drawdown due to evapotranspiration in a semiarid riparian zone considering local differences in vegetation and distance from a river source
Authors: Johnson Brady , Malama Bwalya , Barrash Warren , Flores Alejandro N. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Analytical model developed for river leakage contribution to riparian zone ET
River contributions to ET can be distinguished in relative drawdown at wells
Improved relative contributions to ET from river and aquifer can be calculated
Invariant differential operators for non-compact Lie algebras parabolically related to conformal Lie algebras
Authors: Dobrev V. K. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn the present paper we continue the project of systematic construction of invariant differential operators for non-compact semisimple Lie groups. Our starting points is the class of algebras, which we call ’conformal Lie algebras’ (CLA), which have very similar properties to the conformal algebras of Minkowski space-time, though our aim is to go beyond this class in a natural way. For this we introduce the new notion ofparabolic relationbetween two non-compact semisimple Lie algebrasGandG′that have the same complexification and possess maximal parabolic subalgebras with the same complexification. Thus, we consider the exceptional algebraE7(7)which is parabolically related to the CLAE7(−25), the parabolic subalgebras includingE6(6)andE6(−26). Other interesting examples are the orthogonal algebras so(p, q) all of which are parabolically related to the conformal algebraso(n, 2) withp+q=n+ 2, the parabolic subalgebras including the Lorentz subalgebra so(n− 1, 1) and its analogs so(p− 1,q− 1). We consider also E6(6)and E6(2)which are parabolically related to the hermitian symmetric case E6(−14), the parabolic subalgebras including real forms of sl(6).We also give a formula for the number of representations in the main multiplets valid for CLAs and all algebras that are parabolically related to them. In all considered cases we give the main multiplets of indecomposable elementary representations including the necessary data for all relevant invariant differential operators. In the case ofso(p,q) we give also the reduced multiplets. We should stress that the multiplets are given in the most economic way in pairs ofshadow fields. Furthermore we should stress that the classification of all invariant differential operators includes as special cases all possibleconservation lawsandconserved currents, unitary or not.
Study of Micellization of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Non‐Aqueous Media Containing Lauric Acid and Dimethylsulfoxide
Authors: Ali Anwar , Nabi Firdosa , Malik Nisar Ahmad , Tasneem Shadma , Uzair Sahar 
Published: February 2013

AbstractInteractions between dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), lauric acid (LA) and anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in non‐aqueous media have been studied in detail using conductometric, volumetric, and ultrasonic speed techniques. Conductivities, densities and ultrasonic speeds of 1 × 10−3 to 11 × 10−3 m SDS solutions in a mixture of LA (0.10 m) and DMSO between 298.15 and 313.15 K have been measured. The experimental data have been correlated against temperature and concentration of SDS using standard relations. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values have been determined by using different methods like conductance, density and ultrasonic speed. All the methods yielded identical CMC values. The measured data were used to calculate various useful thermodynamic parameters like standard free energy, , enthalpy, , and entropy, , of micelle formation. From the density data of the surfactant, the change of the apparent molar volume upon micellization has been calculated. Density and ultrasonic speed data were used to evaluate the apparent molar adiabatic compressibility for the micelle of the surfactant at different temperatures over a wide concentration range.
Antimicrobial Catanionic Vesicular Self‐Assembly with Improved Spectrum of Action
Authors: Chaouat Clara , Balor Stéphanie , Roques Christine , Franceschi‐Messant Sophie , Perez Emile , Rico‐Lattes Isabelle 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA catanionic mixture based on three components, N‐dodecyldiethanolamine, decanoic acid and azelaic acid, was prepared and investigated from a physico‐chemical point of view and for its antimicrobial activity. The spontaneously formed vesicles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and electron microscopy. These experiments showed spherical vesicles with an average diameter of 200 nm and a zeta potential of +22 mV. The antimicrobial activity of the vesicle dispersion against different strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes and Candida albicans), was evaluated and compared with the activity of the components separately. The synergistic effect of these bioactive self‐assembled catanionic vesicles on the spectrum of activity and on the cytoplasmic membrane is discussed.
Higher Serum EPA or DHA, and Lower ARA Compositions with Age Independent Fatty Acid Intake in Japanese Aged 40 to 79
Authors: Otsuka Rei , Kato Yuki , Imai Tomoko , Ando Fujiko , Shimokata Hiroshi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) are the predominant long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) among membrane phospholipids in the mammalian brain and neural tissues. This cross‐sectional study examined age effects on serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), DHA, and ARA compositions assessed with reference to dietary intakes among 1,014 Japanese men and 1,028 Japanese women aged 40–79 years. Venous blood was collected early in the morning after at least 12‐h fasting. Serum fatty acid (FA) compositions were expressed as molar percentages of the total FA (mol% of total). Diet was assessed using a 3‐day dietary record that included photographs. Participants were categorized into groups by sex and age (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and 70–79 years). Intakes of fish, EPA, and DHA tended to increase with age. Significant positive correlations between serum FA composition and the corresponding weight percentage of total FA intake were observed for EPA and DHA in all sex and age groups, and for ARA among females in their 40s. Serum EPA and DHA compositions were higher, while ARA decreased with age, and these associations remained consistent even after adjusting for corresponding FA intake. These results suggest potential effects of age on differences in blood EPA, DHA, and ARA compositions, independent of corresponding FA intake among community‐dwelling Japanese men and women.
Biometric identification of capillariid eggs from archaeological sites in Patagonia
Authors: Taglioretti V. , Fugassa M.H. , Beltrame M.O. , Sardella N.H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNumerous eggs of capillariid nematodes have been found in coprolites from a wide range of hosts and in raptor pellets in archaeological samples from Patagonia. The structure and sculpture of the eggshell of these nematodes and their biometry are commonly used for identification. The aim of this study was to determine whether eggs of the genusCalodiumwith similar morphology, found in different archaeological samples from Patagonia, belong to the same species. For this purpose, capillariid eggs (N= 843) with thick walls and radial striations were studied by permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). Eggs exhibiting similar shape and structure also showed similar biometry, regardless of the zoological origin of coprolites (P= 0.84), host diet (P= 0.19), character of the archaeological sites (P= 0.67) and chronology (P= 0.66). Thus, they were attributed to the same species. We suggest that an unidentified zoonotic species of the genusCalodiumoccurred in the digestive tract of a wide range of hosts in Patagonia during the Holocene and that both human and animal populations were exposed to this parasite during the Holocene in the study area.