bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclometalation of Phosphanes at Iridium(I): Interplay with Intramolecular Reductive Elimination Induced by the Strong π‐Acceptor Ligands CO and NO+
Authors: Böttcher Hans‐Christian , Junk Merlin , Mayer Peter , Beck Wolfgang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractReaction of [{Ir(μ‐Cl)(coe)2}2] (1; coe = cis‐cyclooctene) with 4 equiv. of PtBu2Ph in CH2Cl2 at ambient temperature resulted in oxidative addition of one phosphane ligand affording the known cyclometalated IrIII complex [IrCl(H)(PtBu2C6H4‐κ2P,C)(PtBu2Ph)] (2) in high yield. Compound 2 exhibits a coordinatively unsaturated five‐coordinate 16 VE species, and its reactivity towards strong π‐acceptor ligands is investigated. Reaction of 2 with CO resulted in addition of the CO ligand and inversion of cyclometalation to give known IrI complex trans‐[IrCl(CO)(PtBu2Ph)2] (3). In a similar manner, 1 reacted with nitrosonium tetrafluoridoborate affording the new complex salt [IrCl(NO)(PtBu2Ph)2][BF4] (4), which is isoelectronic with 3. Compounds 2 and 4 were characterized by spectroscopic methods as well as by X‐ray crystallography confirming their molecular structures.
Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐1,2‐oxazines and Pyrrolidines via Cycloadditions of Donor–Acceptor Cyclobutanes and Nitrosoarenes
Authors: Vemula Naresh , Pagenkopf Brian L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDuring efforts to expand the scope of Lewis‐acid‐catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition between donor–acceptor cyclobutanes and nitrosoarenes, an unexpected formation of pyrrolidine products was discovered when 50 mol‐% of MgI2 was used as a Lewis acid. It was also observed that the electronics of the nitrosoarene and judicious selection of the Lewis acid catalyst have a profound effect on the regioselectivity of the reaction.
Introduction of Ether Groups onto Electron‐Deficient Nitrogen‐Containing Heteroaromatics Using Radical Chemistry under Transition‐Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Okugawa Naoki , Moriyama Katsuhiko , Togo Hideo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractElectron‐deficient nitrogen‐containing heteroaromatics, such as quinoline, isoquinoline, and pyridine, were treated with benzoyl peroxide in dioxane, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, and dipropyl ether at 80 °C to form alkylated nitrogen‐containing heteroaromatics in good yields under transition‐metal‐free conditions. This method was successfully applied to the preparation of lariat aza‐crown ethers using 18‐crown‐6 or 15‐crown‐5 with quinoline and isoquinoline in the presence of benzoyl peroxide in good yields under irradiation conditions with a Hg lamp.
Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of α‐Trifluoromethylthiolated Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Alazet Sébastien , Ismalaj Ermal , Glenadel Quentin , Le Bars Didier , Billard Thierry 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe α‐trifluoromethylthiolation of carbonyl compounds in soft acidic conditions has been developed. With this method only mono‐trifluoromethylthiolation was selectively observed. Base‐sensitive ketones can then be trifluoromethylthiolated. More sensitive aldehydes are also trifluoromethylthiolated under these conditions with good yields. This work provides a new route towards the synthesis of various valuable trifluoromethylthiolated molecules.
The Extra‐Territoriality of the Statutory Stay in an English Administration – Revisited
Authors: Anderson Hamish 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis note is written by way of an addendum to the author's article on the extra‐territorial scope of the stay imposed in an English administration which was published in this journal last year. In that article, it was argued that the stay imposed in an English administration should be treated by the English courts as applying without territorial limitation but that the courts should nonetheless grant leave to proceed in other jurisdictions in any case where there is no sufficient connection with England. The purpose of this note is to reconsider the issue in the light of the decision of the Privy Council in Stichting Shell Pensioenfonds v Krys on anti‐suit injunctions, where judgement was given some months after publication of the original article. It is suggested that the decision in Shell as to the circumstances in which an anti‐suit injunction will be granted has significantly narrowed the issue but that extra‐territoriality would nonetheless still be a desirable development.
The TET2 interactors and their links to hematological malignancies
Authors: Pan Feng , Weeks Ophelia , Yang Feng‐Chun , Xu Mingjiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTen‐eleven translocation (TET) family proteins are dioxygenases that oxidize 5‐methylcytosine to 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine, 5‐formylcytosine, and 5‐carboxylcytosine in DNA, early steps of active DNA demethylation. TET2, the second member of TET protein family, is frequently mutated in patients with hematological malignancies, leading to aberrant DNA methylation profiling and decreased 5hmC levels. Located in the nucleus and acting as a DNA‐modifying enzyme, TET2 is thought to exert its function via TET2‐containing protein complexes. Identifying the interactome network of TET2 likely holds the key to uncover the mechanisms by which TET2 exerts its function in cells. Here, we review recent literature on TET2 interactors and discuss their possible roles in TET2 loss‐mediated dysregulation of hematopoiesis and pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(6):438–445, 2015
Twin Polymerization—a New Principle for Hybrid Material Synthesis
Authors: Ebert Thomas , Seifert Andreas , Spange Stefan 
Published: June 2015

Twin polymerization is a novel modular approach for the synthesis of hybrid materials. Using this strategy two distinct polymers of either inorganic or organic nature are produced from a single source monomer in a mechanistically coupled process. Twin polymerization is an elegant way for producing nanostructured organic‐inorganic hybrid materials of composition and morphology on demand. The main objective of this Review is the explanation of the principle of various twin polymerization processes and their appropriate terminologies. Different types of twin polymerization are classified with respect to the underlying processes as described in individual examples, demonstrating its potential in material synthesis. Prospects of the synthetic methodology of twin polymerization are demonstrated for different molecular structures of twin monomers and the resulting hybrid materials. A comparison with other scenarios for the synthesis of two different polymers within one procedure is included.
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Predicting disability pension – depression as hazard: a 10 year population‐based cohort study in norway
Authors: Lassemo Eva , Sandanger Inger , Nygård Jan F. , Sørgaard Knut W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDisability pension (DP) is an escalating challenge to individuals and the welfare state, with mental health problems as imminent hazard. The objective of the present paper was to determine if a diagnosis of depression increased the risk of subsequent DP, and whether the risk differed by gender. A population cohort of 1230 persons were diagnostically interviewed (Composite International Diagnostic Interview, CIDI) in a population study examining mental health, linked to the DP registry and followed for 10 years. The risk for DP following depression was estimated using Cox regression. Life‐time depression, as well as current depression, increased the risk of subsequent DP for both genders. The fully adjusted [baseline health, health behavior and socio‐economic status (SES)] hazard ratios (HRs) for life‐time depressed men and women were 2.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5–5.8] and 1.6 (95% CI 1.0–2.5) respectively. Men were significantly older at time of DP. There are reasons to believe that depression went under‐recognized and under‐treated. To augment knowledge in the field, without underestimating depression as risk for DP, a deeper understanding of the nature and effects of other distress is needed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (Tnfsf15) facilitates lymphangiogenesis via up‐regulation of Vegfr3 gene expression in lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Qin Ting‐Ting , Xu Guo‐Ce , Qi Jian‐Wei , Yang Gui‐Li , Zhang Kun , Liu Hai‐Lin , Xu Li‐Xia , Xiang Rong , Xiao Guozhi , Cao Huiling , Wei Yuquan , Zhang Qiang‐Zhe , Li Lu‐Yuan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLymphangiogenesis is essential in embryonic development but is rare in adults. It occurs, however, in many disease conditions including cancers. Vascular endothelial growth factor‐C/D (VEGF‐C/D) and VEGF receptor‐3 (Vegfr3) play a critical role in the regulation of lymphangiogenesis. We investigated how the VEGF‐C/Vegfr3 signalling system is regulated by tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (Tnfsf15), an endothelium‐derived cytokine. We report here that Tnfsf15, which is known to induce apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells, can promote lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) growth and migration, stimulate lymphangiogenesis, and facilitate lymphatic circulation. Treatment of mouse LECs with Tnfsf15 results in up‐regulation of Vegfr3 expression; this can be inhibited by gene silencing of death domain‐containing receptor‐3 (DR3; Tnfrsf25), a cell surface receptor for Tnfsf15, with siRNA, or by blocking Tnfsf15–DR3 interaction with a Tnfsf15 neutralizing antibody, 4‐3H. Additionally, Tnfsf15/DR3 signalling pathways in LECs include activation of NF‐κB. Tnfsf15‐overexpressing transgenic mice exhibit a marked enhancement of lymph drainage; this is confirmed by treatment of wild‐type mice with intraperitoneal injection of recombinant Tnfsf15. Moreover, systemic treatment of pregnant Tnfsf15 transgenic mice with 4‐3H leads to inhibition of embryonic lymphangiogenesis. Our data indicate that Tnfsf15, a cytokine produced largely by endothelial cells, facilitates lymphangiogenesis by up‐regulating Vegfr3 gene expression in LECs, contributing to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the circulatory system. This finding also suggests that Tnfsf15 may be of potential value as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of lymphoedema. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determinants of suicidal ideation in gynecological cancer patients
Authors: Tang G. X. , Yan P. P. , Yan C. L. , Fu B. , Zhu S. J. , Zhou L. Q. , Huang X. , Wang Y. , Lei J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveGynecological cancer survivors are at increased risk of psychological problems including suicide risk. Suicidal ideation, which was thought to be precursor to suicide attempts, has not been well studied. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, and determinants of suicidal ideation for women with gynecological cancer, and then to assess the effect of coping style and social support on suicidal ideation.MethodsPatients with cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancers seen at Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital from September 2012 to June 2013 were consecutively recruited and were asked to complete the Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale, Suicidal Ideation of Self‐rating Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire and Social Support Rating Scale. Path analysis was used to examine the relationship among coping style, social support, depression symptoms and suicidal ideation.ResultsA total of 579 (579/623, 93.0%) gynecological cancer patients were enrolled in this study and completed all investigations between September 2012 and June 2013. Among them, 105 (18.1%) patients reported suicidal ideation, with the highest rate in patients with ovarian cancer (30.16%). Suicidal ideation was associated with depression symptoms, care providers, chemotherapy history and acceptance‐resignation. Path analysis showed that the acceptance‐resignation affected suicidal ideation directly as well as mediated by social support and depression symptoms, while confrontation and avoidance affected suicidal ideation entirely through social support and depression symptoms.ConclusionsSuicidal ideation is high among patients with gynecological cancer, especially among ovarian cancer patients. Coping strategies such as confrontation and avoidance, and social support may be helpful for preventing suicidal ideation among them. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural basis of the broadly neutralizing anti‐interferon‐α antibody rontalizumab
Authors: Maurer Brigitte , Bosanac Ivan , Shia Steven , Kwong Mandy , Corpuz Racquel , Vandlen Richard , Schmidt Kerstin , Eigenbrot Charles 
Published: June 2015

AbstractInterferons‐alpha (IFN‐α) are the expressed gene products comprising thirteen type I interferons with protein pairwise sequence similarities in the 77–96% range. Three other widely expressed human type I interferons, IFN‐β, IFN‐κ and IFN‐ω have sequences 29–33%, 29–32% and 56–60% similar to the IFN‐αs, respectively. Type I interferons act on immune cells by producing subtly different immune‐modulatory effects upon binding to the extracellular domains of a heterodimeric cell‐surface receptor composed of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, most notably anti‐viral effects. IFN‐α has been used to treat infection by hepatitis‐virus type C (HCV) and a correlation between hyperactivity of IFN‐α‐induced signaling and systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), or lupus, has been noted. Anti‐IFN‐α antibodies including rontalizumab have been under clinical study for the treatment of lupus. To better understand the rontalizumab mechanism of action and specificity, we determined the X‐ray crystal structure of the Fab fragment of rontalizumab bound to human IFN‐α2 at 3Å resolution and find substantial overlap of the antibody and IFNA2 epitopes on IFN‐α2.
Molecular characterisation of Bacillus thuringiensis strain MEB4 highly toxic to the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: Abdelmalek Nouha , Sellami Sameh , Ben Kridis Asma , Tounsi Slim , Rouis Souad 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDCry2 proteins play an essential role in current Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) applications and in the prevention of insect resistance to Cry1A toxins. This paper reports on the screening and characterisation of novel Bt strains harbouring effective cry2A‐type genes and higher insecticidal activity to Ephestia kuehniella.RESULTSA total of 29 native Bt strains were screened to search for the potent strain against E. kuehniella. The plasmid pattern of the selected strains showed interesting variability. PCR‐RFLP analysis of two amplified regions showed high sequence identity within the selected cry2A‐type genes. SDS‐PAGE and western blot analysis revealed the presence of Cry2Aa toxin only in the MEB4 and BLB240 strains. The activation of Cry2Aa protoxins by larval midgut juice, trypsin or chymotrypsin enzymes revealed significant differences in terms of proteolysis profiles. Interestingly, a 49 kDa band was detected in the proteolysis pattern of BLB240, suggesting the presence of a chymotrypsin cleavage site that might have affected its insecticidal activity. Further, bioassays demonstrated that MEB4 (103.08 ± 36 µg g−1) was more active than BLB240 (153.77 ± 45.65 µg g−1) against E. kuehniella.CONCLUSIONBased on its potent insecticidal activity, the MEB4 strain could be considered to be an effective alternative agent for the control of E. kuehniella. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Sustainability Through Happiness: A Framework for Sustainable Development
Authors: Cloutier Scott , Pfeiffer Deirdre 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHappiness is commonly thought of as an individual characteristic for which each person is solely responsible. However, happiness is also a community characteristic influenced by factors external to the individual. This article offers an alternative sustainable community development framework that focuses on improved opportunities for happiness. Key components of the framework include happiness visioning, public participation, a happiness profit inventory, and systems planning and sustainability interventions. Lessons learned from applying this framework to a neighborhood in a fast‐growing region in the southwestern United States are drawn. Ultimately, happiness offers a universal measure focused on the quality of human life and a community development framework that may translate to a sustainable future. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
A conceptual framework of challenges and solutions for managing global software maintenance
Authors: Ulziit Bayarbuyan , Warraich Zeeshan Akhtar , Gencel Cigdem , Petersen Kai 
Published: June 2015

AbstractContextSoftware maintenance process in globally distributed settings brings significant management challenges to software organizations.ObjectivesInvestigate the factors specific to managing software maintenance process in globally distributed settings and best practices in software organizations.MethodA systematic literature review and interviews with industry practitioners were conducted. For analysis and synthesis, the grounded theory method was used.ResultsWe identified a number of management challenges and mitigation strategies and then classified them under people, process, product, and technology factors. Overall, a structure of challenges and solutions, the conceptual framework, has been developed that may be used to understand and classify global maintenance challenges.ConclusionsDistributed software maintenance process has specific management challenges in relation to process, people, product, and technology. Therefore, companies performing maintenance in distributed settings should consider these factors, which are not present in the general global software development literature, although many lessons apply to both. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced Reduction of Coal‐Containing Titanomagnetite Concentrates Briquette with Multiple Layers in Rotary Hearth Furnace
Authors: Hu Tu , Lv Xuewei , Bai Chenguang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe enhanced reduction of coal‐containing titanomagnetite concentrates (TC) briquette with a three‐layer bed are investigated using a electric furnace containing three heating zones under argon atmosphere, simulating the heating regime similar to those that exist in an actual RHF. It is found that the reduction rate of the briquette on the top layer is greatly higher than that on the middle and bottom layers for a three‐layer bed reduction. It is impossible that the whole bed reaches complete reduction without reoxidation of reduced briquettes of top layer. It is observed that bigger briquettes on the top layer decreased the reduction rates of briquettes on the lower layers due to the more shielding of radiation. Ferrosilicon (Fe–Si) is used for increasing the reduction rate of the briquettes on the lower layers, which is found to be accelerated. The whole bed simultaneously reaches a high metallization degree with a shorter reduction time. It is revealed that using a multi‐layer bed of TC–coal composite briquettes in RHF could be achieved by accelerating the reduction rates of briquettes with appropriate amount of Fe–Si addition for different lower layers.
Perfluorooctanoic acid‐induced toxicity in primary cultures of chicken embryo cardiomyocytes
Authors: Jiang Qixiao , Ma Weiping , Wu Jie , Wingard Christopher J. , DeWitt Jamie C. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a widespread environmental contaminant that induces developmental cardiotoxicity. It is detectable in late stage chicken embryos and hatchling chickens. To investigate mechanism(s) of cardiotoxicity, primary cultures of cardiomyocytes were prepared from 10‐day‐old chicken embryos that were (A) pre‐exposed to vehicle or 2 mg of PFOA/kg of egg weight in ovo or (B) incubated with PFOA in vitro at concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 µg/mL in medium for 1 or 36 h. When viability was assessed, survival of cardiomyocytes prepared from pre‐exposed embryos did not differ from vehicle controls, even under conditions of serum starvation designed to challenge the cells. However, 1 h of exposure to 100 µg/mL of PFOA in vitro and 36 h of exposure to 75 and 100 µg/mL PFOA in vitro decreased viability. When contractility was evaluated, cardiomyocytes cultured from pre‐exposed embryos exhibited decreases in time to maximum departure velocity and cell length at peak contraction, whereas cardiomyocytes exposed in vitro exhibited a reduction in the 50% relaxation time at a concentration of 1 µg/mL relative to vehicle controls. Morphological assessment revealed decreased cardiomyocytes axial length following in ovo PFOA exposure and 24 h in vitro PFOA 50 µg/mL exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which was evaluated only in cardiomyocytes exposed to PFOA in vitro, was significantly elevated following incubation with 50 µg/mL of PFOA for 1 h. These data indicate that while in vitro exposure to relatively high concentrations of PFOA can induce cytotoxicity and ROS, developmental cardiotoxicity observed in ovo is not likely mediated via PFOA‐induced overt cytotoxicity, but likely by altering early cardiac morphologic and function processes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1580–1590, 2016.
Risk Factors for Central Compartment Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Qu Ning , Zhang Ling , Ji Qing‐hai , Chen Jia‐ying , Zhu Yong‐xue , Cao Yi‐ming , Shen Qiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe surgical management of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), especially regarding the necessity of central lymph node dissection (CLND), remains controversial. This meta‐analysis was conducted to investigate the clinicopathologic factors predictive of central compartment lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients diagnosed with PTMC.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from their inception to September 2013. Published studies that explored the association between clinicopathologic factors and CLNM in PTMC patients were included. From the identified studies, we extracted the number of individuals with or without each risk factor to calculate the CLNM‐positive proportions and used fixed/random‐effects models for the meta‐analyses of overall relative risk (RR). The pooling analysis on the association between CLNM or the different CLNDs and prognosis was also conducted.ResultsA total of 19 eligible studies that included 8345 patients were identified. Three studies did therapeutic CLND, while the other 16 studies performed prophylactic CLND in PTMC patients. Meta‐analyses revealed that CLNM was associated with male gender (RR = 1.36; 95 % CI 1.22–1.52, p = 0.001), younger age (<45 years; RR = 1.15; 95 % CI 1.04–1.27, p = 0.006), larger tumor size (>5 mm; RR = 1.51 95 % CI 1.32–1.65, p = 0.001), multifocality (RR = 1.40; 95 % CI 1.27–1.54, p = 0.001), and extrathyroidal extension (RR = 1.81; 95 % CI 1.34–2.43, p = 0.001). Meta‐regression analysis indicated that a disparity in the proportion of PTMC patients with CLNM in each study was the main factor resulting in heterogeneity among the 19 studies. In addition, the pooling analyses suggested that CLNM did not significantly predict neck recurrences [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.67–1.22, p = 0.054], and the prophylactic CLND group did not improve local control significantly compared to the therapeutic group (RR = 0.96, 95 % CI 0.46–2.01, p = 0.544).ConclusionProphylactic CLND may be performed in PTMC patients with clinically uninvolved central lymph nodes but with high risk factors; multicenter studies with long‐term follow‐up are recommended to better understand the risk factors and surgical management for central nodes in PTMC.