bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong anticommutativity of dirac operators on boson—fermion fock spaces and representations of a supersymmetry algebra
Authors: Arai Asao 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOn the boson—fermion Fock space F(H, K) associated with two complex Hilbert spaces H and K, there exists a family {Qs | S ∈ C(H, K)} of Dirac type operators, where C(H, K) is the set of densely defined closed linear operators from H to K. A theorem on the strong anticommutativity of two Dirac operators QS and QT is established. As an application, representations on F(H, K) of a supersymmetry algebra arising in a two—dimensional relativistic supersymmetric quantum field theory are discussed.
Variation zum Konzept der Lusternik—Schnirelmann—Kategorie
Authors: Scheerer H. , Tanré D. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFor any non—empty class a of pointed spaces, we define the notions of a—cat and a—cat in analogy to T. Ganea's definitions of cat and Cat. Let e.g. s be the class of wedges of spheres Sn, n ≥ 1, then the difference s—cat — cat can be arbitrarily large, s—Cat is well known as spherical cone—length, but what is s—Cat — s—cat? If σ is the class of suspensions we recover cat and Cat. We also investigate subclasses a ⊂ σ such that a—cat(x) = σ–cat(X) for large classes of spaces X. As a byproduct we extend known mapping theorems for cat slightly. As an application we obtain a—cat as an upper bound for the solvability (or nilpotency) degree of certain groups of self—equivalences.
Experimentelle Ermittlung von Werkstoffkenngrößen für innovative Leichtbauprodukte – Bauschinger‐Kenngrößen für 54SiCr6 auf Basis von Zug‐/Druckversuchen
Authors: Thomisch M. , Kley M. 
Published: August 2015

Um mehrstufige Biegeumformprozesse mit gegensätzlich gerichteter Beanspruchung zu simulieren, müssen geeignete Werkstoffparameter bekannt sein. Für hochfeste Federstähle sind nach heutigem Stand viele dieser Parameter noch nicht untersucht worden. Vorliegender Artikel zeigt die Ermittlung verschiedener Bauschinger‐Parameter bzw. Kenngrößen am Werkstoff 54SiCr6.Es kann gezeigt werden, dass zum einen der Bauschingereffekt beim Werkstoff 54SiCr6 an sich nachgewiesen werden kann und zum anderen die für numerische Simulationen notwendigen Bauschinger‐Parameter mit der dargestellten Versuchsmethodik ermittelt werden können. Mit den gewonnenen Werten ist es nun möglich, Werkstoffmodelle für Finite‐Element Simulationen entsprechend anzupassen.Aus den Messungen lassen sich sowohl der Tangentenmodul als auch die plastische Rückverformung jeweils in Abhängigkeit von der plastischen Dehnung ableiten. Der Tangentenmodul sinkt mit zunehmender plastischer Verformung – die plastische Rückverformung nimmt mit steigender plastischer Dehnung zu. Der Tangentenmodul hat ab einer gewissen plastischen Dehnung und darüber hinaus ein konstantes Niveau.
Baseline genetic associations in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI)
Authors: Nalls Mike A. , Keller Margaux F. , Hernandez Dena G. , Chen Lan , Stone David J. , Singleton Andrew B. ,   on behalf of the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) investigators
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative is an international multicenter study whose main goal is investigating markers for Parkinson's disease (PD) progression as part of a path to a treatment for the disease. This manuscript describes the baseline genetic architecture of this study, providing not only a catalog of disease‐linked variants and mutations, but also quantitative measures with which to adjust for population structure.MethodsThree hundred eighty‐three newly diagnosed typical PD cases, 65 atypical PD and 178 healthy controls, from the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative study have been genotyped on the NeuroX or Immunochip arrays. These data are freely available to all researchers interested in pursuing PD research within the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative.ResultsThe Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative represents a study population with low genetic heterogeneity. We recapitulate known PD associations from large‐scale genome‐wide association studies and refine genetic risk score models for PD predictability (area under the curve, ∼0.74). We show the presence of six LRRK2 p.G2019S and nine GBA p.N370S mutation carriers.ConclusionsThe Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative study and its genetic data are useful in studies of PD biomarkers. The genetic architecture described here will be useful in the analysis of myriad biological and clinical traits within this study. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Simultaneous quantitative determination of multiple bioactive markers in Ocimum sanctum obtained from different locations and its marketed herbal formulations using UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS combined with principal component analysis
Authors: Pandey Renu , Chandra Preeti , Srivastava Mukesh , Mishra D. K. , Kumar Brijesh 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroductionOcimum sanctum L., with phenolic acids, flavonoids, propenyl phenols and terpenoids as active pharmacological constituents, is a popular medicinal herb and is present as an ingredient in many herbal formulations. Therefore, development of a reliable analytical method for simultaneous determination of the pharmacologically active constituents of O. sanctum is of high importance.ObjectiveTo develop and validate a new, rapid, sensitive and selective UPLC–ESI/MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of 23 bioactive markers including phenolic acids, flavonoids, propenyl phenol and terpenoid in the leaf extract and marketed herbal formulations of O. sanctum.MethodsAn UPLC–ESI/MS/MS method using negative electrospray ionisation (ESI) in multiple‐reaction‐monitoring (MRM) mode was used for simultaneous determination. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18‐column using a gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to correlate and discriminate eight geographical collections of O. sanctum based on quantitative data of the analytes.ResultsThe developed method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and found to be accurate, with overall recovery in the range 95.09–104.84% (RSD ≤ 1.85%), precise (RSD ≤ 1.98%) and linear (r2 ≥ 0.9971) over the concentration range of 0.5–1000 ng/mL. Ursolic acid was found to be the most abundant marker in all the samples investigated, except for the marketed tablet.ConclusionThe method established is simple, rapid and sensitive, hence it can be reliably utilised for the quality control of O. sanctum and derived herbal formulations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ABO blood group alleles and prostate cancer risk: Results from the breast and prostate cancer cohort consortium (BPC3)
Authors: Markt Sarah C. , Shui Irene M. , Unger Robert H. , Urun Yuksel , Berg Christine D. , Black Amanda , Brennan Paul , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Gapstur Susan M. , Giovannucci Edward , Haiman Christopher , Henderson Brian , Hoover Robert N. , Hunter David J. , Key Timothy J. , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Canzian Federico , Larranga Nerea , Le Marchand Loic , Ma Jing , Naccarati Alessio , Siddiq Afshan , Stampfer Meir J. , Stattin Par , Stevens Victoria L. , Stram Daniel O. , Tjønneland Anne , Travis Ruth C. , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Ziegler Regina G. , Lindstrom Sara , Kraft Peter , Mucci Lorelei A. , Choueiri Toni K. , Wilson Kathryn M. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundABO blood group has been associated with risk of cancers of the pancreas, stomach, ovary, kidney, and skin, but has not been evaluated in relation to risk of aggressive prostate cancer.MethodsWe used three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs8176746, rs505922, and rs8176704) to determine ABO genotype in 2,774 aggressive prostate cancer cases and 4,443 controls from the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3). Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate age and study‐adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between blood type, genotype, and risk of aggressive prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥8 or locally advanced/metastatic disease (stage T3/T4/N1/M1).ResultsWe found no association between ABO blood type and risk of aggressive prostate cancer (Type A: OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.87–1.08; Type B: OR = 0.92, 95%CI =n0.77–1.09; Type AB: OR = 1.25, 95%CI = 0.98–1.59, compared to Type O, respectively). Similarly, there was no association between “dose” of A or B alleles and aggressive prostate cancer risk.ConclusionsABO blood type was not associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer. Prostate 75:1677–1681, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Introduction of the RTA‐Bddsx gene induces female‐specific lethal effects in transformed Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)
Authors: Huang Chun‐Yen , Dai Shu‐Mei , Chang Cheng 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), can reduce fruit production and quality and is considered to be a major insect pest in many Asian countries. A system combining the toxicity of ricin and the alternative RNA splicing properties of doublesex (RTA‐Bddsx) has been proposed that results in differential sexual processing in vitro. A transgenic approach was used in this study to confirm the existence of female‐specific lethal effects in vivo.RESULTSThe piggyBac‐based vector PB‐Acp‐CF21‐26, which carries the actin 5C promoter and RTA‐Bddsx, was used to establish transgenic lines. Five surviving male flies (F1) demonstrated the presence of selection marker Ds‐Red(+) throughout their entire bodies following single‐pair mating with wild‐type females, indicating germline transmission. A high percentage of males (59.6–100%) were observed in transformed F3 offspring, and this skewed sex ratio indicated that the female‐lethal effects of the RTA‐Bddsx system were heritable and functioned well in B. dorsalis. Some transformed female flies were observed, and these unexpected results were attributed to the loss of the intact transgene after genomic PCR analyses.CONCLUSIONThis transgenic study provides direct evidence for the female‐specific lethal effects of RTA‐Bddsx in B. dorsalis and offers a novel and promising approach for the control of B. dorsalis in the future. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of interfacial oxide thickness on the photocatalytic activity of magnetron‐sputtered TiO2 coatings on aluminum substrate
Authors: Davíðsdóttir Svava , Petit Jean‐Pierre , Shabadi Rajashekhara , Canulescu Stela , Almtoft Klaus P. , Dirscherl Kai , Andersen Inge H. , Ambat Rajan 
Published: August 2015

The influence of the coating/substrate interface on the photocatalytic behavior of Al–TiO2 coatings was investigated. The TiO2 coatings were prepared by magnetron sputtering. The nanoscale structure of the coating was analyzed using X‐ray diffraction; atomic force microscopy; scanning electron microscopy; and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic behavior was investigated through optical spectrophotometry studies and electrochemical experiments; as photo voltage; photocurrent; and electrochemical impedance measurements. Consistent results from both optical and electrochemical measurements showed a maximum UV‐light absorption by titanium dioxide occurring slightly prior to the energy of the maximum photocurrent. The photocurrent of titanium dioxide decreases with increasing thickness of the aluminum oxide interface layer. Aluminum oxide acts as an insulator; disfavoring the electron transport between the coating and the metallic substrate. The highest photocurrents were indeed obtained when the thickness of interfacial aluminum oxide could be reduced by sputtering a thin Ti layer prior to TiO2 coating.Photocurrent plotted for different photon energy for a TiO2 coating on a Ti interlayer consisting of both rutile and anatase. Two photon‐excitation peaks from the TiO2 coating (anatase and rutile) are observed at a potential of 0.34 V versus SHE, while only one peak was observed at a potential 0.14 V versus SHE closer to the conduction band.
Density-Dependent Metabolic Heterogeneity in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Liu Yijun , Muñoz Nathalie , Bunnell Bruce A. , Logan Timothy M. , Ma Teng 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are intrinsically heterogeneous and comprise subpopulations that differ in their proliferation, multi-potency, and functional properties, which are commonly demonstrated by culturing hMSCs at different plating densities. The objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic profiles of different subpopulations of hMSC by testing the hypothesis that the clonogenic hMSC subpopulation, which is selectively enriched in clonal density (CD) and low density (LD) culture (10 and 100 cells per square centimeter, respectively), possesses a metabolic phenotype that differs from that of hMSC in medium- or high-density (MD: 1,000 and HD: 3,000 cells per square centimeter, respectively). Cells at CD and LD conditions exhibited elevated expression of CD146 and colony forming unit-fibroblast compared with cells at MD- or HD. Global metabolic profiles revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of cell extracts showed clear distinction between LD and HD cultures, and density-dependent differences in coupling of glycolysis to the TCA cycle. Metabolic inhibitors revealed density-dependent differences in glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for ATP generation, in glutamine metabolism, in the dependence on the pentose phosphate pathway for maintaining cellular redox state, and sensitivity to exogenous reactive oxygen species. We also show that active OXPHOS is not required for proliferation in LD culture but that OXPHOS activity increases senescence in HD culture. Together, the results revealed heterogeneity in hMSC culture exists at the level of primary metabolism. The unique metabolic characteristics of the clonogenic subpopulation suggest a novel approach for optimizing in vitro expansion of hMSCs. Stem Cells 2015;33:3368–3381
A distributed utility‐based scheduling for peer‐to‐peer video streaming over wireless networks
Authors: Luo Haiyan , An Wei , Ci Song , Wu Dalei 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInteractive multimedia applications such as peer‐to‐peer (P2P) video services over the Internet have gained increasing popularity during the past few years. However, the adopted Internet‐based P2P overlay network architecture hides the underlying network topology, assuming that channel quality is always in perfect condition. Because of the time‐varying nature of wireless channels, this hardly meets the user‐perceived video quality requirement when used in wireless environments. Considering the tightly coupled relationship between P2P overlay networks and the underlying networks, we propose a distributed utility‐based scheduling algorithm on the basis of a quality‐driven cross‐layer design framework to jointly optimize the parameters of different network layers to achieve highly improved video quality for P2P video streaming services in wireless networks. In this paper, the quality‐driven P2P scheduling algorithm is formulated into a distributed utility‐based distortion‐delay optimization problem, where the expected video distortion is minimized under the constraint of a given packet playback deadline to select the optimal combination of system parameters residing in different network layers. Specifically, encoding behaviors, network congestion, Automatic Repeat Request/Query (ARQ), and modulation and coding are jointly considered. Then, we provide the algorithmic solution to the formulated problem. The distributed optimization running on each peer node adopted in the proposed scheduling algorithm greatly reduces the computational intensity. Extensive experimental results also demonstrate 4–14 dB quality enhancement in terms of peak signal‐to‐noise ratio by using the proposed scheduling algorithm. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Directed optimization of a newly identified squalene synthase from Mortierella alpine based on sequence truncation and site-directed mutagenesis
Authors: Huang Di , Yao Yongpeng , Zhang Hang , Mei Zhu , Wang Ru , Feng Lu , Liu Bin 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Terpenoids, a class of isoprenoids usually isolated from plants, are always used as commercial flavor and anticancer drugs. As a key precursor for triterpenes and sterols, biosynthesis of squalene (SQ) can be catalyzed by squalene synthase (SQS) from two farnesyl diphosphate molecules. In this work, the key SQS gene involved in sterols synthesis by Mortierella alpine, an industrial strain often used to produce unsaturated fatty acid such as γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid, was identified and characterized. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that MaSQS contained 416 amino acid residues involved in four highly conserved regions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the closest relationship of MaSQS with Ganoderma lucidum and Aspergillus, which also belonged to the member of the fungus. Subsequently, the recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and detected by SDS-PAGE. To improve the expression and solubility of protein, 17 or 27 amino acids in the C-terminal were deleted. In vitro activity investigation based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed that both the truncated enzymes could functionally catalyze the reaction from FPP to SQ and the enzymatic activity was optimal at 37 °C, pH 7.2. Moreover, based on the site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant enzyme mMaSQSΔC17 (E186K) displayed a 3.4-fold improvement in catalytic efficiency (k cat/K m) compared to the control. It was the first report of characterization and modification of SQS from M. alpine, which facilitated the investigation of isoprenoid biosynthesis in the fungus. The engineered mMaSQSΔC17 (E186K) can be a potential candidate of the terpenes and steroids synthesis employed for synthetic biology.
Optimisation of Detergent Ingredients for Stain Removal Using Statistical Modelling
Authors: Shivaji Biranje Santosh , Nathany Abhinav , Mehra Neha , Adivarekar Ravindra 
Published: August 2015

AbstractArtificially soiled test fabrics are widely used to study the cleaning performance of detergents formulations. In this study, artificial soiled cotton test fabrics were prepared in the laboratory using carbon black as a model soil. Design of experiments was used to optimise the concentration of detergent ingredients for stain removal. A multi‐factorial analysis of variance was used to model the effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, nonylphenol ethoxylate, sodium silicate, sodium citrate and sodium carbonate as builders on soil removal. A colourimetric evaluation using the CIELAB system was used to measure soil removal. In general, performance increases with increasing concentration of surfactant, silicate and soda ash.
Quantitative precision of optical frequency domain imaging: direct comparison with frequency domain optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Kobayashi Yuhei , Kitahara Hideki , Tanaka Shigemitsu , Okada Kozo , Kimura Takumi , Ikeno Fumiaki , Yock Paul G. , Fitzgerald Peter J. , Honda Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
No systematic validation study is available with optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI), directly compared with frequency domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Controversy also remains about the impact of different stent contour tracing methods by OFDI/FD-OCT. In vitro: coronary phantom models (1.51–5.04 mm) were imaged with OFDI, FD-OCT, and IVUS, demonstrating excellent quantitative precision with a slight overestimation of mean lumen diameter (difference 0.01–0.02 mm). In vivo: corresponding 64 OFDI/IVUS images of stented coronary segments from 20 swines were analyzed. Minimum lumen area by OFDI was larger than IVUS at baseline (P < 0.001), whereas it was smaller than IVUS at follow-up. When stent was traced at leading edges of struts by OFDI, minimum stent area was similar between OFDI and IVUS (P = 0.60). When traced at the highest intensity points of struts by OFDI, it was significantly larger in OFDI than in IVUS (P < 0.001). Three modalities have clinically acceptable precision across the wide range of lumen diameters. In vivo measurements by OFDI and IVUS could slightly be discrepant depending on the parameters and time points. In stent assessment by OFDI, the 2 methods led to a small but systematic difference; therefore, consistency in methodology is advised for comparative studies.
Immobilienmarkteffekte des Emscherumbaus?
Authors: K. Bauer Thomas 
Published: August 2015

In Germany, research on the impact of regional policy interventions on real estate prices is rather scarce. Comprising an investment of more than € 4,5 billion over the period from 1991 to 2020, the ecological reconstruction of the Emscher river in the northern part of the Ruhr area is one of the largest infrastructural projects in Europe. This paper investigates on a small scale level whether the Emscher conversion affects real estate prices in the renewal area. The empirical analysis is based on georeferenced data on housing for sale and rent over the period from 2007 to 2011 provided by ImmobilienScout24, which have been enriched by additional georeferenced data. Price trends within the individual towns and cities of the conversion area “Neues Emschertal” and in reference regions (Emscher region outside of conversion zone, Ruhr valley) are analysed using hedonic price functions. The results suggest that there are no significant effects of the Emscher reconstruction programme on local rents so far, whereas prices of dwellings for sale have performed more stable in parts of the Emscher conversion zone than in the reference regions, where prices have declined.
Fulminant Central Plus Peripheral Nervous System Demyelination without Antibodies to Neurofascin
Authors: Vural Atay , Göçmen Rahşan , Kurne Aslı Tuncer , Oğuz Kader Karlı , Temuçin Çağrı Mesut , Tan Ersin , Karabudak Rana , Meinl Edgar , Erdem Özdamar Sevim 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundCombined central and peripheral nervous system demyelination is a rare and poorly described phenomenon. Recently, anti-neurofascin antibodies were reported to be positive in 86% of these patients in a Japanese cohort. Yet, there seems to be a clinical, radiological, and serological heterogeneity among these patients. In this report, our aim is to describe characteristics of our patients with this entity and compare with others in the literature.MethodsWe report clinical, electrophysiological, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of five patients with both multiple sclerosis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy from our institutional database containing 1890 MS patients.ResultsThree patients presented with extensive, active demyelination of both central nervous system and peripheral nervous system with hypertrophic peripheral nerves. Plexuses, trunks, division and cords were involved in the process. Oligoclonal band was negative. Conduction block was not detected. Corticosteroid treatment was not adequate. Others had a slowly progressive clinical course. Serum anti-neurofascin antibody was negative. Review of the literature revealed similar cases with active disease, early-onset hypertrophic peripheral nerves, and central demyelination, in addition to other cases with an insidious course.ConclusionsPatients with combined central and peripheral demyelination form a spectrum. Some patients may have an antibody-mediated syndrome with or without anti-neurofascin antibodies and others seem to represent a coincidence.