bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breastfeeding among women employed in Mexico’s informal sector: strategies to overcome key barriers
Authors: Goodman Julia M. , Lara-Mejía Vania , Hernández-Cordero Sonia , Vilar-Compte Mireya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Rates of exclusive breastfeeding fall below recommended levels, particularly among women in paid employment. In Mexico, more than half of women are in informal employment, meaning they lack many of the protections that may support breastfeeding.

Methods
In-depth interviews with 15 key informants representing government agencies (n = 6 organizations), NGOs (n = 4), international organizations (n = 2), and academia (n = 2) in Mexico. Interviews were conducted between March and June 2023. To understand and describe barriers to breastfeeding among informally employed women in Mexico according to key informants and the current and potential policies to address these barriers, we conducted a qualitative thematic analysis.

Results
Current policies to promote, protect, and support breastfeeding predominantly apply to all employed women, but respondents expressed concern that they did not provide adequate protection for women in informal employment. Additional themes concerned the need for relevant programs to be institutionalized and coordinated, discussions of breastfeeding as a right, and the legal equivalence (whether true in practice or not) of formal and informal workers.

Conclusions
Women employed in Mexico’s informal sector face a dearth of maternity protections. According to key informants, few policies exist to promote, protect, and support breastfeeding among employed women, in general, but the economic vulnerability and challenging working conditions of women in informal employment exacerbates their situation. The lack of access to formal labor protections, such as paid maternity leave, creates a significant barrier to breastfeeding for women in the informal sector. Recommendations include short-term policies to fill gaps in social protection for informally employed women, as well as longer-term solutions such as the development of universal social protection programs and supporting formalization.
Impact of exercise dosages based on American College of Sports Medicine recommendations on lipid metabolism in patients after PCI: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wen Qing , Mao Xiao-Rong , Wen Juan , Yang Xiao-Juan , Chen Juan , Han Hu-Kui , Tang Xiao-Li , Ma Qun-Hua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The impact of exercise dosages based on American College of Sports Medicine(ACSM) recommendations on lipid metabolism in patients after PCI remains unclear. This study conducted a meta-analysis of reported exercise dosages from the literature to address this knowledge gap.

Methods
A comprehensive search of databases was conducted to identify eligible randomized controlled studies of exercise interventions in patients after PCI, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Based on the recommended exercise dosages from ACSM for patients with coronary heart disease, exercise doses in the literature that met the inclusion criteria were categorized into groups that were highly compliant with ACSM recommendations and those with low or uncertain ACSM recommendations. The topic was the effect of exercise dose on lipid metabolism in post-PCI patients. This was assessed using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for changes in triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL.

Results
This systematic review included 10 randomized controlled studies. The subgroup analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the high compliance with ACSM recommendations group for triglycerides [SMD=-0.33 (95% CI -0.62, -0.05)], total cholesterol [SMD=-0.55 (95% CI -0.97, -0.13)], low-density lipoprotein [SMD=-0.31 (95% CI -0.49, -0.13)], high-density lipoprotein [SMD = 0.23 (95% CI 0.01, 0.46)], and body mass index [SMD=-0.52 (95% CI -0.87, -0.17)]. Compared to the low or uncertain compliance with ACSM recommendations group, the high compliance group exhibited significant differences in improving TC levels (-0.55(H) vs. -0.46(L)), HDL levels (0.23(H) vs. 0.22(L)), and BMI (-0.52(H) vs. -0.34(L)).

Conclusions
This study supports that high compliance with ACSM-recommended exercise dosages has significant impacts on improving TC levels, HDL levels, and BMI. However, no advantage was observed for TG or LDL levels.
Nebulized milk exosomes loaded with siTGF-β1 ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting EMT pathway and enhancing collagen permeability
Authors: Qiu Chong , Zhao Zhenyu , Xu Chenglin , Yuan Ranran , Ha Yuxuan , Tu Qingchao , Zhang Houqian , Mu Zhen , Xin Quanlin , Tian Yu , Wang Aiping , Wang Hongbo , Shi Yanan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is a fatal disease in the interstitial lung associated with high mortality, morbidity, and poor prognosis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a fibroblast-activating protein that promotes fibrous diseases. Herein, an inhalable system was first developed using milk exosomes (M-Exos) encapsulating siRNA against TGF-β1 (MsiTGF-β1), and their therapeutic potential for bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF was investigated. M-siTGF-β1 was introduced into the lungs of mice with PF through nebulization. The collagen penetration effect and lysosomal escape ability were verified in vitro. Inhaled MsiTGF-β1 notably alleviated inflammatory infiltration, attenuated extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and increased the survival rate of PF mice by 4.7-fold. M-siTGF-β1 protected lung tissue from BLM toxicity by efficiently delivering specific siRNA to the lungs, leading to TGF-β1 mRNA silencing and epithelial mesenchymal transition pathway inhibition. Therefore, M-siTGF-β1 offers a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in fibrosis-related disorders.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese pediatric and adult patients with hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: Wu Chongjun , Yan Yixin , Xiong Ting , Jiang Wen , Xu Jing , Rao Yanfei , Ao Jianyun , Xu Chun , Li Xuehong , Qi Longwang , Zheng Wenhong , Li Wenjin , Xu Zhongjin , Yang Yu , Li Zhenjiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, pathogenic gene variants, and potential genotype–phenotype correlations in Chinese patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS).

Methods
Retrospective analysis of clinical data and molecular genetic characteristics was conducted on patients diagnosed with HS at Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Pingxiang People's Hospital and The Third People's Hospital of Jingdezhen between November 2017 and June 2023. Statistical analyses were performed to compare and analyze the red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) data between and within groups based on different mutations and age groups (< 14 and ≥ 14 years).

Results
A total of 34 HS patients were included in this study, comprising 22 children (64.70%) and 12 adults (35.30%). The probands who underwent genetic testing were derived from 34 unrelated families. Thirty-two variants were tested and 9 of them are novel. Eighteen cases had ANK1 variants, 15 had SPTB variants, and 1 had SLC4A1 variant. 25 patients performed core family members underwent genetic testing, 17 (68.0%, 17/25) were de novo, 5 (20.0%, 5/25) were maternally inherited, and 3 (12.0%, 3/25) were paternally inherited. ANK1-HS patients exhibited more severe anemia compared to cases with SPTB-HS, showing lower levels of RBC and HB (P < 0.05). Anemia was more severe in patients diagnosed in childhood than in those diagnosed in adulthood. Within the ANK1-HS group, MCH levels in adult patients was significantly higher than those in children (P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in RBC, HB, MCV, and MCHC levels between two groups. Adult patients with SPTB-HS had significantly higher levels of RBC, HB, and MCH than pediatric patients (P < 0.05), while MCV and MCHC levels showed no significant statistical differences.

Conclusion
This study conducted a comparative analysis of phenotypic characteristics and molecular genetics in adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with HS, confirming that pediatric ANK1-HS patients exhibit a more severe anemic phenotype compared to SPTB-HS patients, while the severity of HS in adults does not significantly differ between different causative genes.
Frontier and hot topics in the application of hydrogel in the biomedical field: a bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace
Authors: Sun Weiming , Wu Wendi , Dong Xiangli , Yu Guohua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydrogels are formed of crosslinked polymer chains arranged in three-dimensional (3D) networks. These chains have good water-containing capacity and are soft and malleable. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility due to their significant water content, flexible structure, and numerous holes. These characteristics make them analogous to biological tissues. Despite the publication of 8700 literature related to hydrogel biomedical applications in the past 52 years (1973 ~ 2024), studies on the use of hydrogels in biomedicine are few. To gain a comprehensive understanding of their current development status, research trends, and prospects in the biomedical application field, it is imperative to conduct a thorough retrospective analysis. In this study, we employ bibliometric analysis and CiteSpace software to quantitatively and visually analyze articles published in this field. Firstly, we provide a quantitative analysis of authorship and institutional publications over the past 52 years to elucidate the fundamental development status regarding hydrogel biomedical applications. Secondly, we did visual studies on terms that are high-frequency, explosive, keyword clustering, and so on, to understand the directionality and evolution of the main research hotspots during each period. Notably, our findings emphasize that fabricating hydrogels into wound healing-promoting dressings emerges as a prominent hotspot within the application field. We anticipate that this paper will inspire researchers with novel ideas for advancing hydrogel applications in biomedicine.
AAV-NRIP gene therapy ameliorates motor neuron degeneration and muscle atrophy in ALS model mice
Authors: Chen Hsin-Hsiung , Yeo Hsin-Tung , Huang Yun-Hsin , Tsai Li-Kai , Lai Hsing-Jung , Tsao Yeou-Ping , Chen Show-Li 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive motor neuron (MN) degeneration, leading to neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dismantling and severe muscle atrophy. The nuclear receptor interaction protein (NRIP) functions as a multifunctional protein. It directly interacts with calmodulin or α-actinin 2, serving as a calcium sensor for muscle contraction and maintaining sarcomere integrity. Additionally, NRIP binds with the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) for NMJ stabilization. Loss of NRIP in muscles results in progressive motor neuron degeneration with abnormal NMJ architecture, resembling ALS phenotypes. Therefore, we hypothesize that NRIP could be a therapeutic factor for ALS.

Methods
We used SOD1 G93A mice, expressing human SOD1 with the ALS-linked G93A mutation, as an ALS model. An adeno-associated virus vector encoding the human NRIP gene (AAV-NRIP) was generated and injected into the muscles of SOD1 G93A mice at 60 days of age, before disease onset. Pathological and behavioral changes were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effects of AAV-NRIP on the disease progression of SOD1 G93A mice.

Results
SOD1 G93A mice exhibited lower NRIP expression than wild-type mice in both the spinal cord and skeletal muscle tissues. Forced NRIP expression through AAV-NRIP intramuscular injection was observed in skeletal muscles and retrogradely transduced into the spinal cord. AAV-NRIP gene therapy enhanced movement distance and rearing frequencies in SOD1 G93A mice. Moreover, AAV-NRIP increased myofiber size and slow myosin expression, ameliorated NMJ degeneration and axon terminal denervation at NMJ, and increased the number of α-motor neurons (α-MNs) and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in SOD1 G93A mice.

Conclusions
AAV-NRIP gene therapy ameliorates muscle atrophy, motor neuron degeneration, and axon terminal denervation at NMJ, leading to increased NMJ transmission and improved motor functions in SOD1 G93A mice. Collectively, AAV-NRIP could be a potential therapeutic drug for ALS.
Risk factors for severe and fatal childhood unintentional injury: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Beaulieu Emilie , Herrera Norma Maria Perez , Boutin Amélie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death among children aged 1–19 years worldwide. Systematic reviews assessing various risk factors for different childhood injuries have been published previously. However, most of the related literature does not distinguish minor from severe or fatal injuries. This study aims to describe and summarize the current knowledge on the determinants of severe and fatal childhood unintentional injuries and to discuss the differences between risk factors for all injuries (including minor injuries) and severe and fatal injuries. The study also aims to quantify the reduction in childhood injuries associated with a reduction in exposure to some of the identified risk factors in the Canadian population.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted by searching MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Observational and experimental cohort studies assessing children and adolescents aged ≤ 19 years old and determinants of severe and fatal unintentional injury, such as personal behaviors, family and environmental characteristics, and socioeconomic and geographic context, will be eligible. The main outcome will be a composite of any severe or fatal unintentional injuries (including burns, drowning, transport-related injuries, and falls). Any severity measurement scale will be accepted as long as severe cases require at least one hospital admission. Two authors will independently screen for inclusion, extract data, and assess the quality of the data using the Cochrane ROBINS-E tool. Meta-analysis will be performed using random effects models. Subgroup analyses will examine age subgroups and high- vs low-income countries. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted after restricting analyses to studies with a low risk of bias. Attributable fractions will be computed to assess the burden of identified risk factors in the Canadian population.

Discussion
Given the numerous determinants of childhood injuries and the challenges that may be involved in identifying which individuals should be prioritized for injury prevention efforts, this evidence may help to inform the identification of high-risk children and prevention interventions, considering the disproportionate consequences of severe and fatal injuries. This evidence may also help pediatric healthcare providers prioritize counseling messaging.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42023493322.
Exploring heart rate variability in polycystic ovary syndrome: implications for cardiovascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mirzohreh Seyedeh Tarlan , Panahi Padideh , Heidari Fariba 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent and complex endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It has significant implications for female endocrine function, reproductive health, and metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia. Studies have shown that decreased heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic dysfunction, is associated with adverse cardiovascular events. Recent research has focused on investigating autonomic function in PCOS, and some studies have suggested altered autonomic drive in these patients. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate cardiac autonomic function by analyzing HRV in women with PCOS.MethodsThis systematic review was prepared using PRISMA reporting guidelines. The databases searched were PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Risk of Bias was assessed using ROBINS-I for non-RCTs. The GRADE approach was employed to evaluate the level of certainty in the evidence for each outcome. In order to identify the underlying cause of high heterogeneity, a subgroup analysis was conducted. Sensitivity analysis was checked. A random effect model was used and calculated a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsSeventeen articles were included in the final analysis, varied in quality, ranging from a "low" to a "high risk of bias". Combined analyses indicated a notable decrease in HRV among individuals with PCOS compared to the control group. Significant changes were observed in SDNN (SMD: -0.763, 95%CI [-1.289 to -0.237],p=0.004), PNN50 (SMD: -1.245, 95%CI [-2.07, -0.419],p=0.003), LF/HF ratio (SMD: 0.670, 95%CI [0.248, 1.091],p=0.002), HFnu (SMD: -0.873, 95%CI [-1.257, -0.489],p=0.000), LFnu (SMD: 0.840, 95%CI [0.428, 1.251],p=0.000) and TP (SMD: -1.997, 95%CI [-3.306, -0.687],p=0.003). The heterogeneity was partially explained by types of study design. Subgroup analysis revealed significant alterations of HRV in normal-weighted and overweight PCOS cases. Conversely, no significant changes in HRV were observed in obese PCOS cases.ConclusionThe findings of this meta-analysis provide evidence suggesting diminished HRV in individuals with PCOS compared to non-PCOS control group.
A three-arm randomized phase II study of dostarlimab alone or with bevacizumab versus nonplatinum chemotherapy in recurrent gynecological clear cell carcinoma: DOVE (APGOT-OV7/ENGOT-ov80 study).
Authors: Lee Jung-Yun , Tan David Shao Peng , Ray-Coquard Isabelle Laure , Lee Jung Bok , Kim Byoung-Gie , Van Nieuwenhuysen Els , Huang Ruby Yun-Ju , Tse Ka Yu , Gonzalez Martin Antonio , Scott Clare L. , Hasegawa Kosei , Wilkinson Katie , Yang Eunyeong , Kristeleit Rebecca 
Published: July 2024

TPS5627 Background: Recurrent gynecological clear cell carcinoma (rGCCC) is known for low objective response rates to chemotherapy. Prior preclinical and clinical data suggests potential synergy of immune checkpoint inhibitor adding bev in rGCCC. Dostarlimab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1, combined with the anti-angiogenic bevacizumab, presents a novel therapeutic approach. The aim of the present study is to investigate the efficacy of dostarlimab +/- bevacizumab in rGCCC. Methods: DOVE is a global, multicenter, international, open-label, randomized phase 2 study of dostarlimab +/- bevacizumab with standard chemotherapy in patients with rGCCC. It enrolls 198 patients with rGCCC, assigning them to one of three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio: Group A (dostarlimab monotherapy), Group B (dostarlimab + bevacizumab), Group C: investigator’s choice chemotherapy. Patients with PD on Group A or Group C were allowed to crossover to Group B. Stratification factors are prior bevacizumab use, prior lines of therapy (1 vs. >1), and primary site (ovarian vs. non-ovarian). Key inclusion criteria are histologically proven confirmed recurrent or persistent clear cell carcinoma of the ovary, endometrium, cervix, vagina and vulva, up to 5 prior lines of therapies, disease progression within 12 months after platinum-based chemotherapy, and measurable disease. Key exclusion criteria are prior treatment with an anti PD-1, anti PD-L1, or anti PD-L2 agent. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival by investigator. The secondary endpoints include ORR, DCB, DCR, PFS2, OS, and toxicity. Exploratory objectives include immune biomarker. The study, commencing in Jan 2024, is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06023862). Clinical trial information: NCT06023862 .
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors With and Without Up-Front Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases From
EGFR
and
ALK
Oncogene–Driven Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (TURBO-NSCLC)
Authors: Pike Luke R.G. , Miao Emily , Boe Lillian A. , Patil Tejas , Imber Brandon S. , Myall Nathaniel J. , Pollom Erqi L. , Hui Caressa , Qu Vera , Langston Jacob , Chiang Veronica , Grant Michael , Goldberg Sarah B. , Palmer Joshua D. , Prasad Rahul N. , Wang Tony J.C. , Lee Albert , Shu Catherine A. , Chen Lanyi Nora , Thomas Nicholas J. , Braunstein Steve E. , Kavanagh Brian D. , Camidge D. Ross , Rusthoven Chad G. 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE

Newer-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (
EGFR
) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (
ALK
) rearrangements have demonstrated high CNS activity. The optimal use of up-front stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases (BM) in patients eligible for CNS-penetrant TKIs is controversial, and data to guide patient management are limited.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data on TKI-naïve patients with EGFR- and ALK-driven NSCLC with BM treated with CNS-penetrant TKIs with and without up-front SRS were retrospectively collected from seven academic centers in the United States. Time-to-CNS progression and overall survival (OS) were analyzed, with multivariable adjustment in Fine & Gray and Cox proportional hazards models for clinically relevant factors.

RESULTS

From 2013 to 2022, 317 patients were identified (200 TKI-only and 117 TKI + SRS). Two hundred fifty (79%) and 61 (19%) patients received osimertinib and alectinib, respectively. Patients receiving TKI + SRS were more likely to have BM ≥1 cm (
P
< .001) and neurologic symptoms (
P
< .001) at presentation. Median OS was similar between the TKI and TKI + SRS groups (median 41
v
40 months, respectively;
P
= .5). On multivariable analysis, TKI + SRS was associated with a significant improvement in time-to-CNS progression (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.96];
P
= .033). Local CNS control was significantly improved with TKI + SRS (HR, 0.30 [95% CI, 0.16 to 0.55];
P
< .001), whereas no significant differences were observed in distant CNS control. Subgroup analyses demonstrated a greater benefit from TKI + SRS in patients with BM ≥1 cm in diameter for time-to-CNS progression and CNS progression-free survival.

CONCLUSION

The addition of up-front SRS to CNS-penetrant TKI improved time-to-CNS progression and local CNS control, but not OS, in patients with BM from EGFR
-
and ALK-driven NSCLC. Patients with larger BM (≥1 cm) may benefit the most from up-front SRS.
New Evidence From Census 2020 on the Residential Segregation of Same-Sex Households: A Research Note
Authors: Spring Amy , Ghaziani Amin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The 2020 decennial census provides new insights into the demography of same-sex households and can shed light on ongoing debates in urban and gayborhood studies. Although the U.S. Census gives a vast undercount of the LGBTQ population, it is still the largest source of nationally representative data on same-sex households and is accessible over three time points (2000, 2010, 2020). In this research note, we use 2020 census data to examine the residential patterns of same-sex households down to the neighborhood level. By employing the index of dissimilarity, we present results for the 100 largest U.S. cities and 100 largest metropolitan areas that demonstrate moderate yet persistent segregation. In a continuation of prior trends, male same-sex households remain more segregated from different-sex households than do female same-sex households. We find moderate levels of within-group segregation by gender and marital status—representing new demographic trends. Finally, metropolitan areas have a higher dissimilarity index than cities, revealing greater levels of segregation when factoring in suburban areas. We discuss these trends in light of debates regarding the spatial organization of sexuality in residential contexts and outline future avenues for research utilizing recently released 2020 census data.