bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of dental caries and salivary sIgA with tobacco smoking
Authors: Golpasand Hagh L , Zakavi F , Ansarifar S , Ghasemzadeh O , Solgi G 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundSalivary secretory IgA (sIgA) is said to play an important role in the immune response against dental caries. This study aimed to determine the salivary sIgA levels in healthy smokers and non‐smokers, and its correlation with dental caries.MethodsA total of 70 healthy subjects were selected and classified into four groups according to dental caries and tobacco smoking habits: smoking with caries (Group 1, n = 15); smoking without caries (Group 2, n = 15); non‐smoking with caries (Group 3, n = 15); and non‐smoking without caries (Group 4, n = 25). Salivary sIgA was measured using ELISA. The fissure and proximal caries were examined clinically and radiographically. Caries status was determined according to the decay surface index.ResultsSmokers showed a higher number of caries and the lowest concentration of sIgA. The highest levels of sIgA were observed in non‐smoking and caries‐free subjects compared to caries‐active smokers (123.2 ± 19.9 vs. 13.3 ± 4.1 μg/ml respectively, p < 0.001). Also, the mean level of sIgA in Group 4 was significantly higher than Group 3 (p = 0.009). More importantly, higher and significant levels of sIgA were found in Group 3 versus Group 1 (p < 0.0001) and Group 2 (p = 0.0004).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that low concentrations of salivary sIgA are correlated with a higher prevalence of dental caries in smokers.
Will improving access to dental care improve oral health‐related quality of life?
Authors: Crocombe LA , Mahoney GD , Spencer AJ , Waller M 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine if Australian Defence Force (ADF) members had better oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) than the general Australian population and whether the difference was due to better access to dental care.MethodsThe OHRQoL, as measured by OHIP‐14 summary indicators, of participants from the Defence Deployed Solomon Islands (SI) Health Study and the National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004–06 (NSAOH) were compared. The SI sample was age/gender status‐adjusted to match that of the NSAOH sample which was age/gender/regional location weighted to that of the Australian population.ResultsNSAOH respondents with good access to dental care had lower OHIP‐14 summary measures [frequency of impacts 8.5% (95% CI = 5.4, 11.6), extent mean = 0.16 (0.11, 0.22), severity mean = 5.0 (4.4, 5.6)] than the total NSAOH sample [frequency 18.6 (16.6, 20.7); extent 0.52 (0.44, 0.59); severity 7.6 (7.1, 8.1)]. The NSAOH respondents with both good access to dental care and self‐reported good general health did not have as low OHIP‐14 summary scores as in the SI sample [frequency 2.6 (1.2, 5.4), extent 0.05 (0.01, 0.10); severity 2.6 (1.9, 3.4)].ConclusionsADF members had better OHRQoL than the general Australian population, even those with good access to dental care and self‐reported good general health.
Airborne olive pollen counts are not representative of exposure to the major olive allergen Ole e 1
Authors: Galan C. , Antunes C. , Brandao R. , Torres C. , Garcia‐Mozo H. , Caeiro E. , Ferro R. , Prank M. , Sofiev M. , Albertini R. , Berger U. , Cecchi L. , Celenk S. , Grewling Ł. , Jackowiak B. , Jäger S. , Kennedy R. , Rantio‐Lehtimäki A. , Reese G. , Sauliene I. , Smith M. , Thibaudon M. , Weber B. , Weichenmeier I. , Pusch G. , Buters J. T. M. ,   The HIALINE working group
Published: May 2013

AbstractPollen is routinely monitored, but it is unknown whether pollen counts represent allergen exposure. We therefore simultaneously determined olive pollen and Ole e 1 in ambient air in Córdoba, Spain, and Évora, Portugal, using Hirst‐type traps for pollen and high‐volume cascade impactors for allergen.Pollen from different days released 12‐fold different amounts of Ole e 1 per pollen (both locations P < 0.001). Average allergen release from pollen (pollen potency) was much higher in Córdoba (3.9 pg Ole e 1/pollen) than in Évora (0.8 pg Ole e 1/pollen, P = 0.004). Indeed, yearly olive pollen counts in Córdoba were 2.4 times higher than in Évora, but Ole e 1 concentrations were 7.6 times higher. When modeling the origin of the pollen, >40% of Ole e 1 exposure in Évora was explained by high‐potency pollen originating from the south of Spain. Thus, olive pollen can vary substantially in allergen release, even though they are morphologically identical.
Practical algorithm for diagnosing patients with recurrent wheals or angioedema
Authors: Maurer M. , Magerl M. , Metz M. , Siebenhaar F. , Weller K. , Krause K. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundChronic urticaria is a common disorder characterized by recurrent wheals, angioedema, or both. Several differential diagnoses need to be considered in patients presenting with wheals and/or angioedema. These include rare diseases such as autoinflammatory syndromes and urticarial vasculitis in patients with recurrent wheals and bradykinin‐mediated angioedema in patients with recurrent swellings.Aim and ResultIn order to not miss these conditions, we have developed a symptom‐based diagnostic algorithm for the management of patients with wheals and/or angioedema.Discussion and ConclusionBy asking the right questions and performing a limited diagnostic workup as suggested here, this algorithm may help to establish the right diagnosis and treat patients early and more effectively.
Liver surgery in the multidisciplinary management of gastrointestinal stromal tumour
Authors: Cananzi Ferdinando C. M. , Belgaumkar Ajay P. , Lorenzi Bruno , Mudan Satvinder 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIntroductionAfter the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the role of surgical resection in treating liver metastasis from gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is unclear. In this study, we evaluated the outcome of patients treated with TKIs followed by surgery for metastatic GIST.MethodsEleven patients underwent liver resection after downsizing TKIs therapy for metastatic GIST from 2006 until 2010 were reviewed.ResultsOne and two‐year overall survival rates were 80.8 and 70.7%. All patients with an initially resectable tumour were still alive without recurrence. Patients operated on clinical response had a better outcome (1‐ and 2‐year overall survival (OS) rate 100%) than those operated on disease progression (1‐ and 2‐year OS rates 60 and 40%; P = 0.043). No deaths were observed among patients who achieved an R0 resection (R0 versus R1/R2, P = 0.001).DiscussionR0 resection and clinical response to TKI are predictor of survival. Surgical resection should be performed as soon as feasible in responding patients. In poor responders, surgery may not add any survival benefit, except in localized progressive disease. In resectable metastatic liver disease, preoperative TKIs or upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy could be considered. Larger studies are needed to determine the optimum approach in patients with metastatic GIST.
HPV‐genotypes in high‐grade intraepithelial cervical lesions in Danish women
Authors: Kirschner Benny , Schledermann Doris , Holl Katsiaryna , Rosenlund Mats , Raillard Alice , Quint Wim , Molijn Anco , Jenkins David , Junge Jette 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectiveA study was undertaken to assess the distribution of high‐risk HPV‐genotypes in high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplastic lesions in Danish women.DesignObservational, cross‐sectional.SettingDanish data from a multi‐centre study undertaken in 13 European countries.Population290 archived fixed biopsies with high‐grade cervical lesions from the Departments of Pathology at the University Hospitals in Hvidovre and Odense, Denmark.MethodsRelevant histological samples were anonymized and shipped to a central laboratory for histopathology review and PCR‐testing for HPV‐DNA. A standardised HPV‐test methodology was utilised to enable comparison of HPV‐genotype distribution.ResultsOf 290 Danish cervical samples, 276 were evaluated as histologically adequate and all of these were HPV‐positive (HPV+). Of the HPV+ samples 77.9% were diagnosed with a single HPV‐type, with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)3 diagnosed in 82.3% and CIN2, CIN2/3, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and AIS+ other high‐grade lesion diagnosed in the remaining 17.7%. The most prevalent HPV‐types were: HPV16 (54.0%), HPV33 (13.5%), HPV31 (10.7%), HPV18 (7.9%) and HPV52 (4.7%). Of the HPV+ samples, 21.4% were diagnosed with multiple HPV‐types, with CIN3 diagnosed in 79.6% and CIN2, CIN2/3, AIS and AIS+ other high‐grade lesion diagnosed in the remaining 20.4%. The most prevalent HPV‐types were: HPV16 (49.2%), HPV31 (30.5%), HPV52 (27.1%), HPV51 (20.3%), HPV18 (16.9%), HPV33 (13.6%), HPV45 (11.9%), with 0.7% unknown types.ConclusionsHPV16 and HPV18 were detected in approximately 75% of high‐grade intraepithelial cervical lesions in a Danish population (single or multiple infections); these two genotypes are considered causative in at least 61.9% of the high‐grade intraepithelial lesions (single infection).
Assessing the responsiveness of the Brazilian FIS to treatment for traumatic dental injury
Authors: Antunes Lívia A. A. , Antunes Leonardo dos S. , Luiz Ronir R. , Leão Anna T. T. , Maia Lucianne C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the responsiveness of the Brazilian version of the Family Impact Scale (B‐FIS) to describe changes in the quality of life (QoL) after treatment for traumatic dental injury (TDI).MethodsAfter applying the eligibility criteria, 156 patients from 2 to 14 years old, who were attending a dental trauma center, were selected over an 18‐month period. QoL was evaluated at two different appointments: A1 (after TDI) and A2 (after TDI treatment). The B‐FIS scores were calculated using the additive method. The responsiveness was analyzed by standardized response means (SRMs).ResultsMean B‐FIS scores were 12.1 (7.5 SD) and 2.7 (4.4 SD), while the median scores were 12.0 and 2.0, at A1 and A2 (P < 0.01), respectively. The B‐FIS responsiveness scores dropped 9.4 points after TDI treatment. The change was observed as a decrease in the impact after TDI treatment, demonstrating a positive reduction in its absolute number as well as an improvement in the family's QoL. The SRM achieved was as follows: 1.2 total scale, 1.1 parental emotions, 0.5 family conflicts, 0.9 parental/family activity, 0.1 financial burden. The B‐FIS scores indicated that TDI has significant impact on the family's QoL in A1 and still has impact in A2. The change was observed as a positive decrease in the impact after TDI treatment.ConclusionsThe responsiveness of the FIS (Brazilian version) in detecting the family's change in QoL after TDI treatment was confirmed by SRM.
Freeform Shadow Boundary Editing
Authors: Mattausch O. , Igarashi T. , Wimmer M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe present an algorithm for artistically modifying physically based shadows. With our tool, an artist can directly edit the shadow boundaries in the scene in an intuitive fashion similar to freeform curve editing. Our algorithm then makes these shadow edits consistent with respect to varying light directions and scene configurations, by creating a shadow mesh from the new silhouettes. The shadow mesh helps a modified shadow volume algorithm cast shadows that conform to the artistic shadow boundary edits, while providing plausible interaction with dynamic environments, including animation of both characters and light sources. Our algorithm provides significantly more fine‐grained local and direct control than previous artistic light editing methods, which makes it simple to adjust the shadows in a scene to reach a particular effect, or to create interesting shadow shapes and shadow animations. All cases are handled with a single intuitive interface, be it soft shadows, or (self‐)shadows on arbitrary receivers.
A Correlated Parts Model for Object Detection in Large 3D Scans
Authors: Sunkel M. , Jansen S. , Wand M. , Seidel H.‐P. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of detecting objects in 3D scans according to object classes learned from sparse user annotation. We model objects belonging to a class by a set of fully correlated parts, encoding dependencies between local shapes of different parts as well as their relative spatial arrangement. For an efficient and comprehensive retrieval of instances belonging to a class of interest, we introduce a new approximate inference scheme and a corresponding planning procedure. We extend our technique to hierarchical composite structures, reducing training effort and modeling spatial relations between detected instances. We evaluate our method on a number of real‐world 3D scans and demonstrate its benefits as well as the performance of the new inference algorithm.
Interactive Facades Analysis and Synthesis of Semi‐Regular Facades
Authors: AlHalawani Sawsan , Yang Yong‐Liang , Liu Han , Mitra Niloy J. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractUrban facades regularly contain interesting variations due to allowed deformations of repeated elements (e.g., windows in different open or close positions) posing challenges to state‐of‐the‐art facade analysis algorithms. We propose a semi‐automatic framework to recover both repetition patterns of the elements and their individual deformation parameters to produce a factored facade representation. Such a representation enables a range of applications including interactive facade images, improved multi‐view stereo reconstruction, facade‐level change detection, and novel image editing possibilities.
Capturing Relightable Human Performances under General Uncontrolled Illumination
Authors: Li Guannan , Wu Chenglei , Stoll Carsten , Liu Yebin , Varanasi Kiran , Dai Qionghai , Theobalt Christian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe present a novel approach to create relightable free‐viewpoint human performances from multi‐view video recorded under general uncontrolled and uncalibated illumination. We first capture a multi‐view sequence of an actor wearing arbitrary apparel and reconstruct a spatio‐temporal coherent coarse 3D model of the performance using a marker‐less tracking approach. Using these coarse reconstructions, we estimate the low‐frequency component of the illumination in a spherical harmonics (SH) basis as well as the diffuse reflectance, and then utilize them to estimate the dynamic geometry detail of human actors based on shading cues. Given the high‐quality time‐varying geometry, the estimated illumination is extended to the all‐frequency domain by re‐estimating it in the wavelet basis. Finally, the high‐quality all‐frequency illumination is utilized to reconstruct the spatially‐varying BRDF of the surface. The recovered time‐varying surface geometry and spatially‐varying non‐Lambertian reflectance allow us to generate high‐quality model‐based free view‐point videos of the actor under novel illumination conditions. Our method enables plausible reconstruction of relightable dynamic scene models without a complex controlled lighting apparatus, and opens up a path towards relightable performance capture in less constrained environments and using less complex acquisition setups.
A Particle‐Grid Method for Opaque Ice Formation
Authors: Im Jaeho , Park Hanwook , Kim Jong‐Hyun , Kim Chang‐Hun 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a particle‐grid method to simulate the generation of opaque ice which has air bubbles in it. Water temperature is diffused over a grid, and the exchange of dissolved air between ice and water particles is simulated. We render a particle as an air bubble if it has sufficient air. Otherwise, it is treated as a cloudy volume by distributing air into dissolved air field when the final state has been reached. In addition, our method includes a model in which heat transfer rate may change across the grid. Unlike previous models which could generate an ice volume of only fixed shapes, our approach uses signed distance function (SDF) to generate opaque ice volumes stored in containers of various geometric shapes and can render needle‐shaped or egg‐shaped bubbles.
Adaptive Quantization Visibility Caching
Authors: Popov Stefan , Georgiev Iliyan , Slusallek Philipp , Dachsbacher Carsten 
Published: May 2013

AbstractRay tracing has become a viable alternative to rasterization for interactive applications and also forms the basis of most global illumination methods. However, even today's fastest ray‐tracers offer only a tight budget of rays per pixel per frame. Rendering performance can be improved by increasing this budget, or by developing methods that use it more efficiently. In this paper we propose a global visibility caching algorithm that reduces the number of shadow rays required for shading to a fraction of less than 2% in some cases. We quantize the visibility function's domain while ensuring a minimal degradation of the final image quality. To control the introduced error, we adapt the quantization locally, accounting for variations in geometry, sampling densities on both endpoints of the visibility queries, and the light signal itself. Compared to previous approaches for approximating visibility, e.g. shadow mapping, our method has several advantages: (1) it allows caching of arbitrary visibility queries between surface points and is thus applicable to all ray tracing based methods; (2) the approximation error is uniform over the entire image and can be bounded by a user‐specified parameter; (3) the cache is created on‐the‐fly and does not waste any resources on queries that will never be used. We demonstrate the benefits of our method on Whitted‐style ray tracing combined with instant radiosity, as well as an integration with bidirectional path tracing.
Analytic Visibility on the GPU
Authors: Auzinger T. , Wimmer M. , Jescke S. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a parallel, implementation‐friendly analytic visibility method for triangular meshes. Together with an analytic filter convolution, it allows for a fully analytic solution to anti‐aliased 3D mesh rendering on parallel hardware. Building on recent works in computational geometry, we present a new edge‐triangle intersection algorithm and a novel method to complete the boundaries of all visible triangle regions after a hidden line elimination step. All stages of the method are embarrassingly parallel and easily implementable on parallel hardware. A GPU implementation is discussed and performance characteristics of the method are shown and compared to traditional sampling‐based rendering methods.
Coupled quasi‐harmonic bases
Authors: Kovnatsky A. , Bronstein M. M. , Bronstein A. M. , Glashoff K. , Kimmel R. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe use of Laplacian eigenbases has been shown to be fruitful in many computer graphics applications. Today, state‐of‐the‐art approaches to shape analysis, synthesis, and correspondence rely on these natural harmonic bases that allow using classical tools from harmonic analysis on manifolds. However, many applications involving multiple shapes are obstacled by the fact that Laplacian eigenbases computed independently on different shapes are often incompatible with each other. In this paper, we propose the construction of common approximate eigenbases for multiple shapes using approximate joint diagonalization algorithms, taking as input a set of corresponding functions (e.g. indicator functions of stable regions) on the two shapes. We illustrate the benefits of the proposed approach on tasks from shape editing, pose transfer, correspondence, and similarity.
A Data‐Driven Approach to Realistic Shape Morphing
Authors: Gao Lin , Lai Yu‐Kun , Huang Qi‐Xing , Hu Shi‐Min 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMorphing between 3D objects is a fundamental technique in computer graphics. Traditional methods of shape morphing focus on establishing meaningful correspondences and finding smooth interpolation between shapes. Such methods however only take geometric information as input and thus cannot in general avoid producing unnatural interpolation, in particular for large‐scale deformations. This paper proposes a novel data‐driven approach for shape morphing. Given a database with various models belonging to the same category, we treat them as data samples in the plausible deformation space. These models are then clustered to form local shape spaces of plausible deformations. We use a simple metric to reasonably represent the closeness between pairs of models. Given source and target models, the morphing problem is casted as a global optimization problem of finding a minimal distance path within the local shape spaces connecting these models. Under the guidance of intermediate models in the path, an extended as‐rigid‐as‐possible interpolation is used to produce the final morphing. By exploiting the knowledge of plausible models, our approach produces realistic morphing for challenging cases as demonstrated by various examples in the paper.
Sparse Modeling of Intrinsic Correspondences
Authors: Pokrass J. , Bronstein A. M. , Bronstein M. M. , Sprechmann P. , Sapiro G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe present a novel sparse modeling approach to non‐rigid shape matching using only the ability to detect repeatable regions. As the input to our algorithm, we are given only two sets of regions in two shapes; no descriptors are provided so the correspondence between the regions is not know, nor we know how many regions correspond in the two shapes. We show that even with such scarce information, it is possible to establish very accurate correspondence between the shapes by using methods from the field of sparse modeling, being this, the first non‐trivial use of sparse models in shape correspondence. We formulate the problem ofpermuted sparse coding, in which we solve simultaneously for an unknown permutation ordering the regions on two shapes and for an unknown correspondence in functional representation. We also propose a robust variant capable of handling incomplete matches. Numerically, the problem is solved efficiently by alternating the solution of a linear assignment and a sparse coding problem. The proposed methods are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively on standard benchmarks containing both synthetic and scanned objects.
View‐Dependent Realtime Rendering of Procedural Facades with High Geometric Detail
Authors: Krecklau Lars , Born Janis , Kobbelt Leif 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe present an algorithm for realtime rendering of large‐scale city models with procedurally generated facades. By using highly detailed assets like windows, doors, and decoration such city models can provide an extremely high geometric level of detail but on the downside they also consist of billions of polygons which makes it infeasible to even store them as explicit polygonal meshes. Moreover, when rendering urban scenes usually only a very small fraction of the city is actually visible which calls for effective culling mechanisms. For procedural textures there are efficient screen space techniques that evaluate, e.g., a split grammar on a per‐pixel basis in the fragment shader and thus render a textured facade in a view dependent manner. We take this idea further by introducing 3D geometric detail in addition to flat textures. Our approach is a two‐pass procedure that first renders a flat procedural facade. During rasterization the fragment shader triggers the instantiation of a detailed asset whenever a geometric facade element is potentially visible. The set of instantiated detail models are then rendered in a second pass. The major challenges arise from the fact that geometric details belonging to a facade can be visible even if the base polygon of the facade itself is not visible. Hence we propose measures to conservatively estimate visibility without introducing excessive redundancy. We further extend our technique by a simple level of detail mechanism that switches to baked textures (of the assets) depending on the distance to the camera. We demonstrate that our technique achieves realtime frame rates for large‐scale city models with massive detail on current commodity graphics hardware.