bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of sintering properties and behavior of sericite ceramifying powder under low temperature
Authors: He Shengkai , Sun Qing , Shen Jiapei , Zhang Jian , Sheng Jiawei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymer–ceramic composites are widely used in refractory cables. The ceramic fillers provide high temperature and fire resistance, while the polymer matrix provides flexibility and improved electrical insulation. The properties of the polymer–ceramic composites are determined by the ceramization‐forming properties of the corresponding ceramifying powders. Properties such as shrinkage, density, and porosity were characterized to compare the effects of different contents of glass powder. The sintering activation energy was calculated using the logarithmic relationship between shrinkage and holding time. The microstructure, cross‐section, and crystalline phases were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to explore the ceramization process of sericite ceramifying powder. The ceramization process of ceramifying powder is proposed. The results show that during low‐temperature sintering, the glass powder and muscovite phases melt and partially transform into α‐quartz and albite low during cooling down.
Bioactive lipid‐enriched concentrates from squid discards by one‐step and two‐step extractions with non‐halogenated solvents
Authors: Paz David , Trigo Marcos , Martínez Sidonia , Aubourg Santiago P. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThis study focused on the preparation of lipid concentrates with high contents of bioactive molecules. Different one‐step and two‐step extractions with non‐halogenated solvents (hexane, HX; isopropanol, IP) were carried out on Patagonian squid (Doryteuthis gahi) discards. As a first step, HX extractions (one, two or three times) were carried out. The resulting substrates were extracted with IP (two, three or four times). Analysis of lipid extracts included total lipid, phospholipid (PL) and tocopherol values, and fatty acid (FA) profile. HX extractions led to remarkable α‐ and γ‐tocopherol values (ca. 1400 and 23 mg kg−1 lipids, respectively); no effect (P > 0.05) of the number of HX extractions was observed. IP extracts provided high PL values (383–501 mg kg−1 lipids); the highest average values were detected with four IP extractions after three HX extractions. Values obtained for tocopherols and PLs were higher (P < 0.05) than those obtained by employing the conventional (chloroform/methanol, 1:1) lipid extraction (ca. 496 and 11 mg kg−1 lipids and 400 g kg−1 lipids, respectively). Range values detected for eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid values and the ω3/ω6 FA ratio were similar to those obtained by the conventional procedure. A valuable procedure is proposed for obtaining PL‐ and tocopherol‐enriched concentrates from marine waste with non‐halogenated solvents.
Diamonds brazing with a novel Cu35Ni35Cr10Fe10Sn10 high‐entropy alloy filler
Authors: Wei Haifeng , Zhang Hui , Xu Dong , Li Weihuo , Hu Qiang , Guo Sheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA novel Cu35Ni35Cr10Fe10Sn10 high‐entropy alloy (HEA) filler with a relatively low melting point (935°C) was designed for brazing diamonds, and its technical advantages over conventional NiCr‐based fillers, that is, favorable wettability, high bonding strength, low thermal damage, and high mechanical performance, were convincingly demonstrated. The newly developed HEA filler had a contact angle of only 11° on the graphite (energetically close to diamond) surface and it could braze diamonds at 1000°C, much lower than the brazing temperature of conventional NiCr‐based fillers. Consequently, the brazed diamond exhibited greatly decreased surface thermal damage, higher fracture strength, and better wear performance. The solidified microstructure of the HEA filler contained three solid solution phases, that is, FeCrNi‐rich, CuNi‐rich, and CuSnNi‐rich phases that were formed through the liquid phase separation process, plus a minor phase of nanosized FeCr‐rich precipitates. The reaction products at the HEA filler/diamond interface were simply an inner Cr3C2 layer and an outer Cr7C3 layer, without other complex brittle compounds that are commonly seen in NiCr‐based fillers after diamond brazing. Apparently, the HEA filler reacted more sufficiently with diamonds, which contributed to improve the bonding strength and wear resistance of the brazed diamond. This work provided a new application scenario for HEAs as promising filler materials for brazing diamonds.
A real‐world disproportionality analysis of semaglutide: Post‐marketing pharmacovigilance data
Authors: Du Yikuan , Zhang Mengting , Wang Zhenjie , Hu Mianda , Xie Dongxia , Wang Xiuzhu , Guo Zhuoming , Zhu Jinfeng , Zhang Weichui , Luo Ziyi , Yang Chun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAim/IntroductionThe recent adverse reactions associated with semaglutide have led the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue a “black box warning”, and it is necessary to analyze all reports of adverse reactions to improve the safety of its clinical use.Materials and MethodsStatistical analyses and signal mining were performed by obtaining the adverse event reports related to semaglutide in the FAERS database from the first quarter of 2018 to the fourth quarter of 2023. We used disproportionality and Bayesian analysis to examine clinical and demographic attributes, trends reported quarterly, and contrasts between two distinct indications (obesity and type 2 diabetes).ResultsWe found 10 unexpected adverse signals related to “pancreatic cancer”, “intestinal obstruction”, “cholecystitis”, and “polycystic ovary” and both the two different indications had the same serious adverse reaction events occurring.ConclusionsThis study identified many unexpected signals of serious adverse reactions, suggesting the importance of continuous post‐marketing surveillance of semaglutide to understand its potential risks.
Efficacy of topical treatments for mild‐to‐moderate acne: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized control trials
Authors: Kakpovbia Efe E. , Young Trevor , Milam Emily C. , Qian Yingzhi , Yassin Sallie , Nicholson Joey , Hu Jiyuan , Troxel Andrea B. , Nagler Arielle R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcne is a common skin condition, but little data exist on the comparative efficacy of topical acne therapies. We conducted a systematic review and network meta‐analysis to evaluate the efficacy of topical therapies for mild‐to‐moderate acne. Searches in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL via Ovid, Embase via Ovid and Web of Science were conducted on 29 November 2021. Randomized controlled trials examining ≥12 weeks of topical treatments for acne vulgaris in subjects aged 12 and older were included. Main outcomes were absolute or percent change in acne lesion count and treatment success on the Investigator's Global Assessment scale. Thirty‐five randomized clinical trials with 33,472 participants comparing nine different topical agents were included. Adapalene‐benzoyl peroxide (BPO), clindamycin‐BPO and clindamycin‐tretinoin demonstrated the greatest reduction in non‐inflammatory (ratio of means [RoM] 1.76; 95% CI [1.46; 2.12], RoM 1.70; 95% CI [1.44; 2.02] and RoM 1.87; 95% CI [1.53; 2.30], respectively), inflammatory (RoM 1.56; 95% CI [1.44; 1.70], RoM 1.49; 95% CI [1.39; 1.60] and RoM 1.48; 95% CI [1.36; 1.61], respectively) and total lesion count (ROM 1.67; 95% CI [1.47; 1.90], RoM 1.59; 95% CI [1.42; 1.79] and RoM 1.64; 95% CI [1.42; 1.89], respectively) compared to placebo. All single agents outperformed placebo except tazarotene, which did not significantly outperform placebo for inflammatory and non‐inflammatory lesion count reduction. Most combination agents significantly outperformed their individual components in lesion count reduction and global assessment scores, except for clindamycin‐tretinoin and clindamycin‐BPO, which did not significantly outperform tretinoin (RoM 1.13; 95% CI [0.94; 1.36]) and BPO (RoM = 1.15, 95% CI [0.98; 1.36]), respectively, for non‐inflammatory lesion reduction. There was no significant difference amongst most single agents when evaluating lesion count reduction. Combination agents are generally most effective for mild‐to‐moderate acne; however for non‐inflammatory acne, the addition of clindamycin in topical regimens is unnecessary and should be avoided.
Genetic diversity and population structure of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Philippines
Authors: Cabusas John Vincent B. , Latina Romnick A. , Caoili Barbara L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is an invasive pest species that has incurred massive economic damages in areas cultivating economically important crops like corn, rice, cotton and many others. Known to be a native of the Western Hemisphere, FAW has since then established itself in many parts of Africa, Asia and Australia and Oceania. The Philippines had been among the Asian countries vulnerable to FAW invasion, which was validated in June 2019. This study aims to characterize the existing strains and haplotypes of FAW and describe the genetic structure and the signature of its recent demographic history nationwide. COI sequences reveal the predominance of rice‐strain over the corn‐strain FAW, while Tpi sequences are more accurate in defining the corn‐strain found in corn and sugarcane. Discordant COI‐Tpi configurations frequently occur the most in the entire FAW population at 65.29%. Nucleotide and haplotype diversity are low with an average of 0.005976 and 0.4019 respectively. In addition to non‐significant values in neutrality tests suggesting neutral evolution, the low nucleotide and haplotype diversity indicate population contraction from founder effect. Variations are mostly found within regions, and genetic structure is moderate among regions (FST = 0.14375). These results can be attributed to low selective pressures accompanying its establishment, or more likely due to recent migration and/or human‐assisted factors such as trade. Implications on pest management and prospective studies in the future are also discussed in this study.
Using random forest algorithm to improve Ceutorhynchus napi GYLL. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) occurrence forecasting
Authors: Legros Quentin , Pontet Célia , Robert Céline 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRandom Forest algorithm was used to predict on‐field presence probability of rape stem weevil in France as a function of climatic and landscape variables, based on a long‐term and multisite data set. A first version of the model included a set of 342 variables. A variable selection procedure was used to retain only the 15 most influential variables without significant drop in predicting performances. Most retained variables were temperature related and results showed that the sum of maximum daily temperature above 9°C during the week preceding observation was the predictor with the largest influence on rape stem weevil occurrence. This model reached a mean AUC of 0.77 and outperformed some other published models. As such, this model can help farmers to precisely time insecticide application. It has been integrated in a decision support system freely available in the Terres Inovia (French applied agricultural research and development institute dedicated to oilseed crops) website.
The effect of nomophobia levels on nursing students' depression, anxiety and stress levels
Authors: Yigit Deniz , Cakirli Merve , Acikgoz Ayfer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRationaleNomophobia becoming widespread can have negative effects on the psychology of nursing students, who are the nurses of the future. Yet, the psychological well‐being of the nursing group dealing with human health is essential for psychologically supporting the individuals they care for and reducing the potential for errors in nursing care. Therefore, it is necessary to determine nomophobia in nursing students and examine its relationship with psychological states.AimsThis research was conducted to determine the effect of nomophobia levels on depression, anxiety and stress levels of nursing students.MethodThe descriptive and correlational research was completed with 544 nursing students. Data were collected using the Data Collection Form, Nomophobia Scale, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS‐21) and analysed using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov‐Smirnov, Shapiro‐Wilk, Spearman, Mann‐Whitney U and Kruskal‐Wallis tests. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe students' mean age was 21.10 ± 1.32. Their mean nomophobia score was 102.51 ± 27.06. 65.6% had depression, 66.2% had anxiety, and 35.8% had stress at different levels. A relationship was found between the students' nomophobia mean scores and their depression, anxiety and stress subscale scores (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe students' nomophobia levels were high. As students' nomophobia levels increased, their depression, anxiety and stress levels increased. Our recommendation is to inform nurses about nomophobia, support conscious phone use, and direct students affected by nomophobia to relevant units. Our recommendation is to inform nursing students about nomophobia, direct students affected by nomophobia to relevant units, and support their participation in activities that will raise awareness among students.
Deciphering the pathogenesis of melanized focal changes in the white skeletal muscle of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Bjørgen Håvard , Brimsholm Malin , Asserson Charlotte Finstad , Skaar Kirstin , Knutsen Geir Magne , Oaland Øyvind , Haldorsen Randi , Fjelldal Per Gunnar , Hansen Tom , Rimstad Espen , Kleist Britta Andrea , Lund‐Iversen Marius , Kowalewski Mariusz Pawel , Koppang Erling Olaf 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMelanized focal changes (MFCs) in the fillet of farmed Atlantic salmon is a major quality concern. The changes are thought to initially appear as acute red focal changes (RFCs) that progress into chronic MFCs. Recent findings have indicated that hypoxia may be important in their development, possibly leading to necrosis affecting not only myocytes but also adipocytes. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate possible hypoxic conditions in RFCs and the subsequent inflammatory responses and lesions in the adipose tissue in RFCs and MFCs. A collection of RFCs, MFCs and control muscle samples from several groups of farmed salmon was studied. Using immunohistochemistry, we found induction of the hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 pathway in RFCs. Histological investigations of RFCs and MFCs revealed different stages of fat necrosis, including necrotic adipocytes, a myospherulosis‐like reaction and the formation of pseudocystic spaces. Accumulations of foamy macrophages were detected in MFCs, indicating degradation and phagocytosis of lipids. Using in situ hybridization, we showed the presence of tyrosinase‐ and tyrosinase‐related protein‐1‐expressing amelanotic cells in RFCs, which in turn became melanized in MFCs. In conclusion, we propose a sequence of events leading to the formation of MFCs, highlighting the pivotal role of adiposity, hypoxia and fat necrosis.
Serum interleukin‐6 levels at the start of the second course of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy predict therapeutic efficacy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter analysis
Authors: Suzuki Takanori , Matsuura Kentaro , Suzuki Yuta , Okumura Fumihiro , Nagura Yoshihito , Sobue Satoshi , Matoya Sho , Miyaki Tomokatsu , Kimura Yoshihide , Kusakabe Atsunori , Narahara Satoshi , Tokunaga Takayuki , Nagaoka Katsuya , Murakami Shuko , Inoue Takako , Kuroyanagi Keita , Kawamura Hayato , Fujiwara Kei , Nojiri Shunsuke , Kataoka Hiromi , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimSerum interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) before the administration of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez + Bev) is a prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with Atez + Bev. We previously revealed that the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and serum chemokine levels during treatment with Atez + Bev were more useful as prognostic biomarkers. Therefore, we examined the predictive ability of serum IL‐6 for the efficacy of Atez + Bev in patients with HCC.MethodsWe enrolled 94 patients with HCC who received treatment with Atez + Bev. Initial responses were assessed through dynamic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The levels of IL‐6 in serum were measured before and at the initiation of the second course of Atez + Bev. Subsequently, the relationship of IL‐6 levels with treatment efficacy was evaluated.ResultsIL‐6 levels at the initiation of the second course tended to be higher in patients with progressive disease versus those with non‐progressive disease in the initial evaluation (P = 0.054). Moreover, the cutoff value (7.4 pg/mL) was useful in stratifying patients by overall survival (i.e. low vs high: not reached vs 21.4 months, respectively, P = 0.001) and progression‐free survival (low vs high: 11.9 vs 5.2 months, respectively, P = 0.004). This result was reproduced in patients with HCC who received Atez + Bev as first‐line therapy. In the multivariate analyses, IL‐6 levels at the initiation of the second course were independent predictive factors for progression‐free and overall survival.ConclusionsSerum levels of IL‐6 at the initiation of the second course of treatment may predict Atez + Bev efficacy and prognosis in HCC.
Dietary supplementation of Sida rhombifolia enhances the plasma antioxidation and modulates gut microbiota in Anyi tile‐like grey chickens
Authors: Liu Qiuhong , Chen Biao , Li Xinghui , Zhou Mingfang , Xiong Ting , Hu Xiaolong , Mao Huirong , Liu Sanfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSida rhombifolia (S. rhombifolia) is a widely used herbal plant for humans because of its antioxidant and antibacterial effects, but its potential use as a feed additive for livestock has not been investigated. Twenty 350 days‐old Anyi tile‐like grey chickens were randomly divided into a control group (fed basal diet) and a treatment group (fed basal diet + 3% of S. rhombifolia), and these chickens were feed for 31 days. Dietary S. rhombifolia remarkably enhanced plasma antioxidants, including the significantly increased total antioxidant capability (p < 0.01), catalase (p = 0.04), and superoxide dismutase (p < 0.01) in the treatment group. Furthermore, dietary S. rhombifolia also modulated chicken cecal microbiota, including an increased microbial diversity (Shannon, p = 0.03; Chao1, p = 0.03) in the treatment group. Regarding taxonomic analysis, 34 microbial taxa showed significant differences between the two groups. Meanwhile, the dominant phylum Actinobacteriota (p = 0.04), and dominant genera Desulfovibrio (p = 0.04) and Olsenella (p = 0.02) were significantly increased after treatment, whereas the pathogenic genus Escherichia‐Shigella (p = 0.04) was significantly decreased after feeding S. rhombifolia. The results indicating that S. rhombifolia has potential for use as a natural plant feed additive for chickens.
On the embodied nature of knowledge: From neurons to numbers
Authors: Fischer Martin H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInterdisciplinary investigations of the human mind through the cognitive sciences have identified a key role of the body in representing knowledge. After characterizing knowledge at grounded, embodied, and situated levels, number knowledge is analyzed from this hierarchical perspective. Lateralized cortical processing of coarse versus fine detail is identified as a grounding substrate for the population stereotype few/left, many/right, which then contributes to number‐related sensory and motor biases at the embodied and situated levels. Implications of this perspective for education and rehabilitation are discussed.
Natural variation of WBR7 confers rice high yield and quality by modulating sucrose supply in sink organs
Authors: Shi Huan , Yun Peng , Zhu Yun , Wang Lu , Wang Yipei , Li Pingbo , Zhou Hao , Cheng Shiyuan , Liu Rongjia , Gao Guanjun , Zhang Qinglu , Xiao Jinghua , Li Yibo , Xiong Lizhong , You Aiqing , He Yuqing 
Published: June 2024

SummaryGrain chalkiness is an undesirable trait that negatively regulates grain yield and quality in rice. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying chalkiness is complex and remains unclear. We identified a positive regulator of white‐belly rate (WBR). The WBR7 gene encodes sucrose synthase 3 (SUS3). A weak functional allele of WBR7 is beneficial in increasing grain yield and quality. During the domestication of indica rice, a functional G/A variation in the coding region of WBR7 resulted in an E541K amino acid substitution in the GT‐4 glycosyltransferase domain, leading to a significant decrease in decomposition activity of WBR7A (allele in cultivar Jin23B) compared with WBR7G (allele in cultivar Beilu130). The NIL(J23B) and knockout line NIL(BL130)KO exhibited lower WBR7 decomposition activity than that of NIL(BL130) and NIL(J23B)COM, resulting in less sucrose decomposition and metabolism in the conducting organs. This caused more sucrose transportation to the endosperm, enhancing the synthesis of storage components in the endosperm and leading to decreased WBR. More sucrose was also transported to the anthers, providing sufficient substrate and energy supply for pollen maturation and germination, ultimately leading to an increase rate of seed setting and increased grain yield. Our findings elucidate a mechanism for enhancing rice yield and quality by modulating sucrose metabolism and allocation, and provides a valuable allele for improved rice quality.
Comparative study on biochemical responses to imidacloprid and clothianidin in cockroaches (Blattella germanica)
Authors: Konkala Anand , Narra Madhusudan Reddy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCockroaches, ubiquitous pests known for significant reproduction and as potential vectors of diseases, are notorious for their adoptability to a variety of insecticides that cause substantial challenges in pest control. The present research evaluated the LC50 concentrations of imidacloprid (0.65 mg/L) and clothianidin (2.5 μg/L) for Blattella germanica using topical and bait methods. The cockroaches were exposed to one‐third concentration of LC50 at a regular interval of 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days. During exposure, the activity of P450 monooxygenase increased, whereas the activity of brain acetylcholinesterase decreased. Lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline and acid phosphatase activity were highest on day 4, with a slight recovery on day 20. The elevated activities for superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as increased lipid peroxidation levels on day 4, followed by a significant recovery in activity on day 20. The glutathione‐S‐transferase activity was elevated while the glutathione content was reduced, and a significant restoration was observed at the end of the experiment. The biochemical mechanisms of the organisms such as P450, esterase enzymes and oxidative systems, are actively involved in the detoxification mechanism. The study elucidated that the insecticide defence mechanism triggers detoxification pathways that encompass the metabolism of endogenous insecticidal compounds, with clothianidin showing greater efficacy and lower detoxification compared with imidacloprid.