bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of the lymphocyte count as a diagnostic screen in adults with suspected epstein–barr virus infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Biggs Timothy C. , Hayes Stephen M. , Bird Jonathan H. , Harries Philip G. , Salib Rami J. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the predictive diagnostic accuracy of the lymphocyte count in Epstein–Barr virus–related infectious mononucleosis (IM).Study DesignRetrospective case note and blood results review within a university‐affiliated teaching hospital.MethodsA retrospective review of 726 patients undergoing full blood count and Monospot testing was undertaken. Monospot testing outcomes were compared with the lymphocyte count, examining for significant statistical correlations.ResultsWith a lymphocyte count of ≤4 × 109/L, 99% of patients had an associated negative Monospot result (sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 94%). A group subanalysis of the population older than 18 years with a lymphocyte count ≤4 × 109/L revealed that 100% were Monospot negative (sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97%). A lymphocyte count of ≤4 × 109/L correlated significantly with a negative Monospot result.ConclusionsA lymphocyte count of ≤4 × 109/L appears to be a highly reliable predictor of a negative Monospot result, particularly in the population aged >18 years. Pediatric patients, and adults with strongly suggestive symptoms and signs of IM, should still undergo Monospot testing. However, in adults with more subtle symptoms and signs, representing the vast majority, Monospot testing should be restricted to those with a lymphocyte count >4 × 109/L.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 123:2401–2404, 2013
The effect of cancer stage and treatment modality on quality of life in oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Oates Justine , Davies Sarah , Roydhouse Jessica K. , Fethney Judith , White Kate 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo examine changes in health‐related quality of life among oropharyngeal cancer patients by stages and across treatment types among advanced cancer patients.Study DesignIndividual prospective cohort study.MethodsAll newly diagnosed patients with oropharyngeal cancer treated with curative intent were routinely assessed. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) both the Main Module quality‐of‐life questionnaire (QLQ‐C30) and the Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) Module (QLQ‐H&N35) were administered at diagnosis and 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. Complete case analysis was used following assessment of missing data. The proportion of patients with clinically significant deterioration (changes of ≥10 points) from baseline were calculated for each follow‐up time point and compared by stage (I/II vs. III/IV) and then treatment type (chemotherapy and radiotherapy [CRT] vs. surgery and postoperative radiotherapy [S&PORT]).ResultsDeterioration in most domains was most frequent for stage III/IV patients at 3 months (both modules), whereas stage I/II patients experienced this at 6 months (QLQ‐C30) and 12 months (H&N35). Among stage III/IV patients, this happened at all time points for S&PORT patients (QLQ‐C30) versus 12 months for CRT patients (H&N35). The number of patients reporting deterioration was lower for most domains at 12 months compared to earlier periods, although dry mouth remained a problem for most patients (60%–85% across treatment/stage groups).ConclusionsOur preliminary findings suggest that general and disease‐specific deterioration is of most concern for stage I/II patients at 6 and 12 months and at 3 months for advanced cancer patients. For stage III/IV patients receiving S&PORT, general deterioration remains a problem after diagnosis, whereas for CRT patients, disease‐specific deterioration is of most concern at 12 months.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:151–158, 2014
Operationalizing professionalism: A meaningful and practical integration for resident education
Authors: Nichols Brent G. , Nichols Laura M. , Poetker David M. , Stadler Michael E. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisReview contemporary definitions of professionalism and apply them to resident evaluation and education.Data SourcesReview of PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar.Review MethodsReview of articles and bibliographies from 1980 to 2012 for professionalism definitions, evaluation, and education in resident training was performed.ResultsOur initial search returned 291 articles. Sixty‐seven articles were included in the final review. Definitions of professionalism often focused on attitudes and traits such as honesty, altruism, self‐reflection, reliability, and respect for others. The operationalization of such abstract definitions is challenging as they are subject to variable interpretations when translated into measurable behaviors. Despite the challenges, specific behavioral benchmarks can be developed and utilized for evaluation with available methods including patient/nurse surveys, faculty observation, objective structured clinical exams (OSCE), ethical reasoning tests, and completion of administrative tasks. Curriculums have often been lecture‐based, limiting the ability to transmit professional values and behaviors. Professionalism is taught most effectively through multiple modalities including mentorship, faculty role modeling, self‐reflection, and resident professionalism portfolios. For professionalism evaluation and education to be effective, the curriculum should be developed as a collaborative effort between residents and faculty.ConclusionsProfessionalism training requires practical, behavior‐based definitions of professional conduct. Once professional expectations are defined, multiple methods should be used to comprehensively evaluate the learner. Professionalism curriculums must be interactive and promote development through a variety of methods with the goal to improve resident performance in this critical core competency. Laryngoscope, 124:110–115, 2014
The existence of free ultrafilters on ω does not imply the extension of filters on ω to ultrafilters
Authors: Hall Eric J. , Keremedis Kyriakos , Tachtsis Eleftherios 
Published: August 2013

Let X be an infinite set and let and denote the propositions “every filter on X can be extended to an ultrafilter” and “X has a free ultrafilter”, respectively. We denote by the Stone space of the Boolean algebra of all subsets of X. We show:

For every well‐ordered cardinal number ℵ, (ℵ) iff (2ℵ).
iff “ is a continuous image of ” iff “ has a free open ultrafilter
” iff “every countably infinite subset of has a limit point”.
implies “every open filter on extends to an open ultrafilter” implies “has an open ultrafilter” implies
It is relatively consistent with that (ω) holds, whereas (ω) fails. In particular, none of the statements given in (2) implies (ω).
MRSI of the medial temporal lobe at 7 T in explosive blast mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Hetherington Hoby P. , Hamid Hamada , Kulas Joseph , Ling Geoffrey , Bandak Faris , de Lanerolle Nihal C. , Pan Jullie W. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeUp to 19% of veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have a history of mild traumatic brain injury with 70% associated with blast exposure. Tragically, 20–50% of this group reports persistent symptoms, including memory loss. Unfortunately, routine clinical imaging is typically normal, making diagnosis and clinical management difficult. The goal of this work was to develop methods to acquire hippocampal MRSI at 7 T and evaluate their sensitivity to detect injury in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury.MethodsAt 7 T, hippocampal MRSI measurements are limited by: (1) poor B0 homogeneity; (2) insufficient
strength and homogeneity; and (3) chemical shift dispersion artifacts. To overcofme these limitations we: (1) used third degree B0 shimming; (2) an inductively decoupled transceiver array with radiofrequency shimming; and (3) a volume localized single slice sequence using radiofrequency shimming‐based outer volume suppression.ResultsIn 20 controls and 25 veterans with mild traumatic brain injury due to blast exposure with memory impairment, hippocampal N‐acetyl aspartate to choline (P < 0.001) and N‐acetyl aspartate to creatine (P < 0.001) were decreased in comparison to control subjects.ConclusionWith the appropriate methods robust spectroscopic imaging of the hippocampus can be carried out at 7 T. MRSI at 7 T can detect hippocampal injury in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury. Magn Reson Med 71:1358–1367, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Body Part Representation, Fragmentation and Patterns of Ertebølle Deer Exploitation in Northwest Zealand, Denmark
Authors: Gron K. J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe faunal assemblages from Asnæs Havnemark, Fårevejle and Trustrup, located in northwest Zealand, Denmark, yielded extensive yet substantially fragmented bone material dating predominantly to the late Mesolithic Ertebølle culture, ca. 5400–3950 cal BC. This paper presents a combined assessment of skeletal part representation of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from these three sites in conjunction with quantification of overall fragmentation data for the assemblages. These data indicate that the observed pattern of skeletal part abundance is most consistent with a pattern of density‐mediated skeletal attrition, and therefore the whole carcasses were initially deposited. Deer were not part of a logistic exploitation strategy at these sites. This indicates variability during the Ertebølle period not only in which resources were exploited, but in how these resources were processed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk of Arrhythmias Associated with Ipratropium Bromide in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Asthma: A Nested Case‐Control Study
Authors: Adimadhyam Sruthi , Schumock Glen T. , Walton Surrey , Joo Min , McKell Joanne , Lee Todd A. 
Published: August 2013

Study ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of arrhythmias associated with inhaled anticholinergic (IAC) use in young patients with asthma.DesignPopulation‐based nested case‐control study.DatabaseIMS LifeLink Health Plan Claims Database.PatientsPatients 5–24 years of age who were diagnosed with asthma and were new users of asthma controller medications were identified between July 1997 and April 2010. Cases were newly diagnosed with arrhythmia and were matched with up to 10 controls based on age, gender, geographic region, and quarter and year of first controller medication dispensing.Measurements and Main ResultsExposure to IACs was determined in the 180 days prior to the event date, defined as date of arrhythmia claim. Active use was defined as sufficient days’ supply of a prescription to extend through the event date. Among 283,429 patients with asthma, 7656 cases were matched to 76,304 controls. Most of those included were female (58.8%) and 12 years or older (73.3%). Active exposure of IACs was observed in 0.69% of cases and 0.18% of controls. Active use was associated with a 1.56‐fold increase in arrhythmia risk compared with nonactive users or nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–2.25]). Risk was highest among active users of ipratropium (ORadj 1.59, 95% CI 1.08–2.33). Active high‐dose users of IACs (more than 0.114 mg of ipratropium equivalents) had a 69% increase in risk (ORadj 1.69, 95% CI 1.10–2.59), whereas the added risk for active users receiving low‐dose IACs (0.114 mg of ipratropium equivalents or less) was not statistically significant (ORadj 1.22, 95% CI 0.53–2.65).ConclusionUse of ipratropium bromide was associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias in 12–24‐year‐old patients with asthma.
It is out of my hands: how deferring control to God can decrease quality of life for breast cancer patients
Authors: McLaughlin Bryan , Yoo Woohyun , D'Angelo Jonathan , Tsang Stephanie , Shaw Bret , Shah Dhavan , Baker Timothy , Gustafson David 
Published: August 2013

AbstractObjectiveThis paper seeks to contribute to the understanding of how and why religion affects psychosocial health outcomes. We propose a theoretical model predicting that when women with breast cancer defer control to God they will experience fewer breast cancer related concerns. Deferring control to God, however, should also reduce the likelihood that they take a proactive coping approach, which will be exacerbated by lowered breast cancer concerns. We therefore predict that this passive coping style will ultimately result in lower levels of quality of life.MethodsData were collected as part of a randomized clinical trial funded by the National Cancer Institute. A total of 192 women with breast cancer participated in a computer‐mediated social support group. Deferring control to God statements were captured by using computer‐aided content analysis of discussion posts. Psychosocial outcomes were measured using longitudinal survey data. Analysis was performed using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe results of our analysis largely confirm our mediation model for which we find significant model fit. As predicted, deferring control to God leads to lower levels of breast cancer concerns but also to more passive coping styles. Ultimately, deferring control to God can lead to lower levels of quality of life.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates how and why religious coping can lead to both positive and negative psychosocial health outcomes. Health care practitioners should encourage patients who are relying on religion to keep their end of the bargain and maintain an active coping style. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electronic and transport properties of graphene nanoribbon barbell‐shaped heterojunctions
Authors: Price Miles D. S. , Cruz‐Silva Eduardo , Luiza Mariano Torres Costa Ana , Morais de Vasconcelos Fabrìcio , Girão Eduardo Costa , Zhang S.B. , Meunier Vincent 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe study the electronic transport properties of graphene nanoribbon barbell systems using a combination of density functional theory and Landauer–Büttiker electronic transport theory to establish the relationship between the conduction gaps of barbell‐shaped graphitic heterojunctions and those of their constituting elements. The barbells considered in this study are built from graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with either a zigzag or armchair mono‐hydrogen terminated edge structure. The mechanism of bandgap variations is rationalized on the existence of specific boundary conditions imposed on the spin distribution at the interface, as well as on the property of the junction channel. It is established that the nature of the spin polarized conductance pattern depends significantly on the type of graphene nanoribbon edge and the coupling between the two graphene nanoribbon sublattices. The findings highlight the difficulty of exploiting the intrinsic properties of pristine zigzag GNRs when they are placed between electrodes, even when the contact is seamless and defect‐free, since the intrinsic mismatch between the zigzag sectors induce a long‐range spin defect state that affects that dictates the details of the conduction gap of the assembly.
Ternary and Multinary Compounds
Authors: Abou‐Ras Daniel , Dittrich Herbert , Schorr Susan 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe 18th International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds (ICTMC‐18) was held on 27–31 August 2012 at the Paris‐Lodron University of Salzburg, Austria. This conference has followed the tradition of being an interdisciplinary forum for the exchange of information and experience in the exciting field of materials science of ternary and multinary compounds, which was initiated in 1973 in Bath, UK, by Prof. Brian Pamplin.Scientific sessions as well as keynote lectures on various topics of current interest have covered a wide range of materials science on ternary and multinary compounds, their synthesis, their properties, and their applications. About 40% of the presentations were devoted to ternary and quaternary materials for thin film photovoltaics as the traditional main topic of the ICTMC conference series, but also new topics emerged, like materials for energy storage and thermoelectrics. Interestingly, about 10% of the contributions were devoted to ab‐initio calculations of electron and phonon spectra of ternary and quaternary materials for energy conversion or storage.The scientific programme of the ICTMC‐18 included 6 exciting keynote lectures and 42 interesting oral contributions. Three poster sessions provided time for scientific discussions. Most of these contributions are included in the present proceedings.We were happy about a broad participation. Colleagues from 21 countries set the basis for an exciting meeting: Japan, Germany, Azerbaijan, France, Austria, Taiwan, Italy, Great Britain, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, China, India, Belarus, Portugal, The Netherlands and Spain (order according to the number of participants). We also received positive feedback concerning the social programme of the ICTMC‐18, organized within the historical city of Salzburg.The Guest Editors would like to express their thanks to the members of the International Advisory Committee, to the Local Organizing Ccommittee, to the Sponsors Chemetall GmbH and Carl‐Zeiss GmbH, and to all who contributed to this conference with their support and advice. We are very grateful to the referees for their contributions during the editorial process.The next conference, ICTMC‐19, will be held at Toki Messe in Niigata, Japan, chaired by Prof. Tsuboi. We convey to the organizers our best wishes for a successful meeting.The Guest Editors
Effect of the preload in the general static load‐carrying capacity of four‐contact‐point slewing bearings for wind turbine generators: theoretical model and finite element calculations
Authors: Aguirrebeitia Josu , Plaza Jon , Abasolo Mikel , Vallejo Javier 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a generalization of previous works developed by the authors in the field of the calculation and selection of slewing bearings, where a theoretical model for the estimation of the static load‐carrying capacity of four‐contact‐point slewing bearings was obtained. Those previous works assumed that there was no preload in the balls; in the present work, the model has been improved in order to consider the effect of the preload, in such a way that it provides more realistic results because this type of bearings are preloaded in several applications to increase the stiffness and therefore the accuracy of the system. In parallel, and for comparison purposes, the finite element model built by the authors in previous works has been also adapted to include the preload in the balls. Both models, theoretical and FE, assess in complete agreement the increase of the stiffness with the preload level; the results show that the static load‐carrying capacity does not vary appreciably with the usual values adopted for the preload. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two mode Mindlin–Herrmann rod solution based on modified couple stress theory
Authors: Güven U. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn this work, the classical two mode Mindlin–Herrmann rod model is extended by using the modified couple stress theory having the single internal length scale parameter to investigate the propagation of the longitudinal stress waves along a nanorod. This analysis also contains the single mode Rayleigh Bishop rod solution based on the modified couple stress theory. Comparative results for the classical Mindlin–Herrmann and the single mode Rayleigh–Bishop rod models based on the modified couple stress theory are presented and discussed. The present analysis shows that Mindlin–Herrmann rod model is influenced significantly by the internal length scale parameter.
Religious Congregations and Social Justice Participation: A Multilevel Examination of Social Processes and Leadership
Authors: Houston Jaclyn D. , Todd Nathan R. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractReligious congregations have potential to be mediating structures for social justice participation. However, research has yet to examine the specific social processes or leadership characteristics within congregations that may promote social justice participation. In this study, we use data from 176,901 participants nested within 1,938 congregations to test how social processes (i.e., religious attendance at worship services, extra‐worship participation, bonding social capital, a congregational norm for justice) and leadership characteristics (i.e., leader modeling of justice, horizontal leadership style) predict personal social justice involvement through the congregation (i.e., participation in social justice activities sponsored by the congregation) as well as personal social justice involvement outside the congregation (i.e., participation in social justice activities not sponsored by the congregation). We use multilevel logistic regression to examine these social processes and leadership characteristics at both individual and congregational levels of analysis. Results showed distinct patterns of associations at individual and congregational levels of analysis and that different social processes and leadership characteristics predicted personal social justice participation through or outside the congregation. These findings reveal the importance of social processes and leadership characteristics in understanding how congregations may mediate social justice participation. Implications for community psychology research and practiced also are discussed.
LC–MS/MS quantification of N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid levels in the urine and potential relationship with dietary sialic acid intake and disease in 3- to 5-year-old children
Authors: Chen Yue , Pan Lili , Liu Ni , Troy Frederic A. , Wang Bing 
Published: August 2013

Red meat and dairy products contain high sialic acid (Sia) levels, but the metabolic fate and health impact in children remain unknown. The aims of the present study were to quantify the levels of urinary Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) and to determine their relationship with dietary Sia intake. Spot urine samples were collected from 386 healthy children aged 3 (n 108), 4 (n 144) and 5 (n 134) years at 06.30–07.00, 11.30–12.00 and 16.30–17.00 hours. Food intake levels were recorded on the day of urine sample collection. Sia levels were quantified using LC–MS/MS with [13C3]Sia as an internal standard. We found that (1) total urinary Sia levels in healthy pre-school children ranged from 40 to 79 mmol Sia/mol creatinine; (2) urinary Sia levels were independent of age and consisted of conjugated Neu5Ac (approximately 70·8 %), free Neu5Ac (approximately 21·3 %), conjugated KDN (approximately 4·2 %) and free KDN (approximately 3·7 %); Neu5Gc was detected in the urine of only one 4-year-old girl; (3) total urinary Sia levels were highest in the morning and declined over time in 4- and 5-year-old children (P< 0·05), but not in 3-year-old children; (4) Sia intake levels at breakfast and lunch were approximately 2·5 and 0·16 mg Sia/kg body weight; and (5) there was no significant correlation between dietary Sia intake levels and urinary Sia levels. Urinary Sia levels varied with age and time of day, but did not correlate with Sia intake in 3- to 5-year-old children. The difference in urinary Sia levels in children of different age groups suggests that the metabolism and utilisation rates of dietary Sia are age dependent.