bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Life Care Annuity: A New Empirical Examination of an Insurance Innovation That Addresses Problems in the Markets for Life Annuities and Long‐Term Care Insurance
Authors: Brown Jason , Warshawsky Mark 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe life care annuity—the integration of the life annuity with long‐term care insurance coverage—is intended to deal with major problems in the currently separate markets for life annuities and long‐term care insurance. The integration would allow the inclusion of most of the population currently rejected by underwriting—those in poor health or lifestyles but who would not go immediately into long‐term care claim—who also have lower life expectancies. We make use of the Health and Retirement Study, on individuals in retirement and their disability incidence, exploiting the panel nature of the survey to estimate transition probabilities in and out of disability states according to numerous demographic and health characteristics. This allows for analysis of disability and mortality risk across a number of dimensions. We find that different risk groups at age 65 have similar projected long‐term care expenses, but that the level‐periodic‐premium structure of most long‐term care insurance policies creates incentives for individuals to separate into different risk pools according to observable characteristics, justifying the underwriting observed on the market. Yet we also find that gender‐rated life care annuities could succeed in pooling risks currently segmented in the market for long‐term care insurance, thus qualifying individuals at or near retirement for permanent long‐term care insurance coverage who do not currently qualify, and allowing for life annuities to be purchased more cheaply than in the stand‐alone annuity market now subject to adverse selection.
The Observed Witness Efficacy Scale: a measure of effective testimony skills
Authors: Cramer Robert J. , DeCoster Jamie , Neal Tess M. S. , Brodsky Stanley L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDespite advances in the scientific methodology of witness testimony research, no sound measure currently exists to evaluate perceptions of testimony skills. Drawing on self‐efficacy and witness preparation research, the present study describes development of the Observed Witness Efficacy Scale (OWES). Factor analyses of a mock jury sample yielded a two‐factor structure (poise and communication style) consistent with previous research on witness self‐ratings of testimony delivery skills. OWES subscales showed differential patterns of association with witness credibility, witness believability, agreement with the witness, and verdict decision. Juror gender moderated the impact of communication style, but not poise, on belief of and agreement with the witness. Results are discussed with attention to application of the OWES to witness research and preparation training.
I don't believe but I pray: spirituality, instrumentality, or paranormal belief?
Authors: Shiah Yung‐Jong , Chang France , Tam Wai‐Cheong Carl , Chuang Shen‐Fa , Yeh Lun‐Chang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThese three studies are among the first to systematically compare five Chinese religious groups on intrinsic (spiritual) and extrinsic (instrumental and paranormal) orientation. In Study 1, a Chinese version of the Index of Core Spiritual Experiences was developed. In Studies 2 and 3, spirituality and religious involvement was found to be greatest among Christians, followed in order by Buddhists, Taoists, traditional nones, and other nones. An instrumental purpose for religious activities and paranormal belief was found to be highest among Taoists, followed in order by Buddhists, traditional nones, other nones, and Christians. The results are consistent with the conclusion that Christianity offers the least support for an extrinsic religious orientation and the most support for an intrinsic religious orientation.
Threshold analysis of reimbursing physicians for the application of fluoride varnish in young children
Authors: Hendrix Kristin S. , Downs Stephen M. , Brophy Ginger , Carney Doebbeling Caroline , Swigonski Nancy L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveMost state Medicaid programs reimburse physicians for providing fluoride varnish, yet the only published studies of cost‐effectiveness do not show cost‐savings. Our objective is to apply state‐specific claims data to an existing published model to quickly and inexpensively estimate the cost‐savings of a policy consideration to better inform decisions – specifically, to assess whetherIndianaMedicaid children's restorative service rates met the threshold to generate cost‐savings.MethodsThreshold analysis was based on the 2006 model byQuiñonezet al. Simple calculations were used to “align” the Indiana Medicaid data with the published model.Quarterly likelihoods that a child would receive treatment for caries were annualized. The probability of a tooth developing a cavitated lesion was multiplied by the probability of using restorative services. Finally, this rate of restorative services given cavitation was multiplied by 1.5 to generate the threshold to attain cost‐savings. Restorative services utilization rates, extrapolated from availableIndianaMedicaid claims, were compared with these thresholds.ResultsFor children 1‐2 years old, restorative services utilization was 2.6 percent, which was below the 5.8 percent threshold for cost‐savings. However, for children 3‐5 years of age, restorative services utilization was 23.3 percent, exceeding the 14.5 percent threshold that suggests cost‐savings.ConclusionsCombining a published model with state‐specific data, we were able to quickly and inexpensively demonstrate that restorative service utilization rates for children 36 months and older in Indiana are high enough that fluoride varnish regularly applied by physicians to children starting at 9 months of age could save Medicaid funds over a 3‐year horizon.
Primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma in the head and neck: don't judge a lump by its presentation
Authors: Yates J.M. , Bolt R. , Nahabedian V. , Fernando M. , Hunter K.D. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIsolated swellings within the head and neck region are common phenomena, with the majority being readily diagnosed and appropriately managed. While history alone will often assist in arriving at a correct diagnosis, discrepancies and inconsistencies in the clinical picture should act as a prompt for the clinician to consider the prospect of having encountered less common pathology. We report a case of an unusual supra‐orbital swelling where the history, clinical findings and initial investigations masked a rare diagnosis. The differential diagnoses for this case principally included haematoma, infection and cutaneous cyst. However, following a period of review with no improvement in either symptoms or objective clinical measures, incisional biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma. Management thereafter involved referral for lymphoma specialist assessment, with subsequent investigation to establish the level of locoregional and/or systemic involvement and the initiation of appropriate radiotherapy.
Identification and characterization of seedling and adult plant resistance to Puccinia hordei in Chinese barley germplasm
Authors: Derevnina Lida , Singh Davinder , Park Robert F. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractLeaf rust of barley, caused by Puccinia hordei, occurs in all barley‐growing regions of Australia causing significant yield losses under epidemic conditions. The development and use of resistant cultivars are the most economical and environmentally sustainable method to control leaf rust which in turn relies on ongoing efforts to identify and characterize new sources of resistance. The aim of this study was to postulate known genes and/or identify new sources of resistance to P. hordei. Fifty‐two genotypes were assessed at the seedling and adult plant growth stages. On the basis of multipathotype tests, 39 genotypes lacked detectable seedling resistance, and nine were postulated to carry the genes Rph2, Rph4, Rph12 and Rph19 singly. Four genotypes carried uncharacterized seedling resistance; however, the gene(s) present in each were ineffective to at least one of the pathotypes used. Field tests at the adult plant growth stage revealed the presence of adult plant resistance (APR) in 12 genotypes. Tests of allelism and marker analysis indicated that resistance genes present in these genotypes were independent of the APR gene Rph20.
Development of microsatellite markers in sweet passion fruit, and identification of length and conformation polymorphisms within repeat sequences
Authors: Penha Helen Alves , Pereira Guilherme Da Silva , Zucchi Maria Imaculada , Diniz Augusto Lima , Vieira Maria Lucia Carneiro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to construct and characterize an SSR‐enriched genomic library for Passiflora alata, a fruit species native to the Brazilian plateau and the eastern Amazon region. There is potential to improve this crop, as the fruit is attractive because of its pleasant aroma and flavour characteristics. Of 862 sequences, 391 (45%) were found to have SSRs. We identified 412 microsatellites: 69% were classified as perfect, 23% imperfect, 5% interrupted and 3% were compound microsatellites. The main types of repeat sequences were dinucleotide (62.5%) and trinucleotide (23%) repeats. It was possible to design 312 primer pairs, and 229 of them were synthesized and tested. The amplicons were electrophoresed using denaturing and non‐denaturing gels to screen for divergence between two phenotypically distinct parents of a mapping population of P. alata. Length and conformation polymorphisms within repeat sequences amounted to 35% and 28%, respectively. The importance of the development of SSR markers for sweet passion fruit and the effectiveness of the SSCP approach to increase the available number of polymorphic SSRs are discussed.
Pediatric Teledermatology Consultations: Relationship Between Provided Data and Diagnosis
Authors: Philp Julie C. , Frieden Ilona J. , Cordoro Kelly M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThere is a shortage of pediatric dermatologists. Teledermatology has emerged as a tool to facilitate access to dermatologists. Many questions remain regarding how to optimize consultations in order to provide the best diagnosis and management recommendations. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to categorize the historical data and judge the adequacy of photographs sent by referring providers to our academic pediatric teledermatology practice at the University of California, San Francisco, and to evaluate the relationship of these data to our ability to render a diagnosis. A diagnosis was rendered in 75% of cases. The only historical data associated with receiving a diagnosis was prior treatment (OR 2.01, CI 1.01, 4, p < 0.05). Appropriate image distance from the target was associated with receiving a diagnosis for rashes (OR 2.69, CI 1.07, 6.8, p = 0.04) and growths (OR 4.16, CI 1.04, 16.6, p = 0.04). A lack of diagnosis was significantly associated with a recommendation for referral for biopsy (OR 0.03, CI 0.01, 0.10, p < 0.0001) or for in‐person consultation (OR 0.19, CI 0.05, 0.66, p < 0.001). In conclusion, pediatric teledermatologists are able to make a diagnosis most of the time, regardless of historical information provided or image quality. The rate of diagnosis may be improved with the use of standardized templates for historical information. Similarly, photography training could minimize the need for in‐person consultation. Specific information regarding prior treatments could also help in providing useful management recommendations.
Draft Genome Sequence of Gluconobacter frateurii NBRC 103465, a Glyceric Acid-Producing Strain
Authors: Sato Shun , Umemura Maiko , Koike Hideaki , Habe Hiroshi 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Gluconobacter frateurii
strain NBRC 103465 can efficiently produce glyceric acid (GA) from raw glycerol feedstock derived from biodiesel fuel production processes. Here, we report the 3.4-Mb draft genome sequence of
G. frateurii
NBRC 103465. The draft genome sequence can be applied to examine the enzymes and electron transport system involved in GA production.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Polyextremophilic
Exiguobacterium
sp. Strain S17, Isolated from Hyperarsenic Lakes in the Argentinian Puna
Authors: Ordoñez Omar F. , Lanzarotti Esteban , Kurth Daniel , Gorriti Marta F. , Revale Santiago , Cortez Néstor , Vazquez Martin P. , Farías María E. , Turjanski Adrian G. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Exiguobacterium
sp. strain S17 is a moderately halotolerant, arsenic-resistant bacterium that was isolated from Laguna Socompa stromatolites in the Argentinian Puna. The draft genome sequence suggests potent enzyme candidates that are essential for survival under multiple environmental extreme conditions, such as high levels of UV radiation, elevated salinity, and the presence of critical arsenic concentrations.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Deletion Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain
Authors: Shen Junying , Yan Xing , Dong Jianming , Jiang Yunbo , Fang Liurong , Xiao Shaobo , Chen Huanchun 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus HZ-31 strain is different from any other previously sequenced porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains. It contains a 59-amino acid (aa) discontinuous deletion in aa 467 to 474, aa 498 to 519, and aa 533 to 561 of
nsp2
. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of this novel Chinese virulent PRRSV variant.
Genome Sequence of Bacillus subtilis SPZ1, an Evolved Strain for Higher Uptake Rate of Tributyrin
Authors: Song Ping , Xu Xian , Jiang Ling , Zhang Renchuang , Wang Jing , Xu Qing , Li Shuang 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

The lipase-producing strain
Bacillus subtilis
SPZ1 is isolated from the medium by tributyrin as the sole carbon source. Here, we present a 4.13-Mb assembly of its genome sequence, which may provide various kinds of useful information related to
Bacillus
spp., such as mechanisms and control of the substrate uptake and protein secretion pathways.
Genome Assembly of Citrus Leprosis Virus Nuclear Type Reveals a Close Association with Orchid Fleck Virus
Authors: Roy Avijit , Stone Andrew , Otero-Colina Gabriel , Wei Gang , Choudhary Nandlal , Achor Diann , Shao Jonathan , Levy Laurene , Nakhla Mark K. , Hollingsworth Charla R. , Hartung John S. , Schneider William L. , Brlansky Ronald H. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

The complete genome of citrus leprosis virus nuclear type (CiLV-N) was identified by small RNA sequencing utilizing leprosis-affected citrus samples collected from the state of Querétaro, Mexico. The nucleotide identity and phylogenetic analysis indicate that CiLV-N is very closely related to orchid fleck virus, which typically infects
Cymbidium
species.
Development and evaluation of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT): a mixed-methods study
Authors: Highet Gill , Crawford Debbie , Murray Scott A , Boyd Kirsty 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveTo refine and evaluate a practical, clinical tool to help multidisciplinary teams in the UK and internationally, to identify patients at risk of deteriorating and dying in all care settings.MethodsWe used a participatory research approach to refine the 2010 Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT) and evaluate its use in clinical practice. We conducted an ongoing peer review process for 18 months via an open access webpage, and engaged over 30 clinicians from the UK and internationally in developing an effective tool. Secondly, we carried out a prospective case-finding study in an acute hospital in SE Scotland. Four multidisciplinary teams identified 130 patients with advanced kidney, liver, cardiac or lung disease following an unplanned hospital admission.ResultsThe SPICT was refined and updated to consist of readily identifiable, general indicators relevant to patients with any advanced illness, and disease-specific indicators for common advanced conditions. Hospital clinicians used the SPICT to identify patients at risk of deteriorating and dying. Patients who died had significantly more unplanned admissions, persistent symptoms and increased care needs. By 12 months, 62 (48%) of the identified patients had died. 69% of them died in hospital, having spent 22% of their last 6 months there.ConclusionsThe SPICT can support clinical judgment by multidisciplinary teams when identifying patients at risk of deteriorating and dying. It helped identify patients with multiple unmet needs who would benefit from earlier, holistic needs assessment, a review of care goals, and anticipatory care planning.
Modelling effect of sericitization of plagioclase on the
40
K/
40
Ar and
40
Ar/
39
Ar chronometers: implication for dating basaltic rocks and mineral deposits
Authors: Verati Chrystèle , Jourdan Fred 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

The
40
Ar/
39
Ar technique is the most commonly used technique to date basaltic rocks. For basaltic rocks older than about 30 Ma, the dating of plagioclase separates is preferred over groundmass as the latter is susceptible to containing cryptic alteration due to fluid circulations, difficult if not impossible to remove during sample preparation. Alteration under such metamorphic conditions progressively forms K-rich sericite after plagioclase. Owing to its transparency, plagioclase allows a distinction to be made optically between partially–completely altered grains and fresh grains. However, practice shows that grains that contain less than about 1% of sericite are hard to identify under the stereomicroscope. Owing to the high K
2
O content (
c.
10 wt%) of sericite, such compromised grains can have dramatic effects on the age determination of plagioclase.

Here, we investigate and quantify the effect of sericite on the
40
Ar/
39
Ar age determination of plagioclase using a numerical model with multiple variable parameters. We show that the most influential parameter is the time difference between the crystallization of plagioclase and the sericitization event. We also show that for some continental flood basalts, even 0.1 wt% of sericite can bias the apparent age of a plagioclase separate by several hundred thousand years. The presence of sericite can be identified using a combination of Ca/K ratios, age spectra, and
39
Ar and
37
Ar degassing curves obtained during a conventional
40
Ar/
39
Ar step-heating procedure. When the age of the fresh plagioclase and its Ca/K ratio are known, the percentage of sericitization and the age of the alteration event can be estimated. Ultimately, above approximately 65% of sericitization, the apparent age measured on the altered plagioclase is within ±1% of the age of the alteration event, with implications for accurately dating low-temperature metamorphism and mineral deposit formations.

Supplementary material:

Further details of calculation are available at
www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18609
.
40
Ar/
39
Ar geochronology and the diffusion of
39
Ar in phengite–muscovite intergrowths during step-heating experiments
in vacuo
Authors: Forster Marnie A. , Lister Gordon S. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Step-heating experiments
in vacuo
are routine when conducting
40
Ar/
39
Ar geochronology, including for white mica. White mica can break down, due to dehydroxylation and delamination, so experiments involving mica are often conducted in relative haste, and not with the care and precision necessary when intending to apply multi-diffusion-domain theory to model the results. Here we show, however, that carefully managed step-heating experiments appear to allow release of argon through solid-state diffusion processes alone. We analysed phengite-muscovite intergrowths in high-pressure metamorphic rocks exhumed in and beneath extensional ductile shear zones during continental extension. Such materials often yield Arrhenius plots in which there is a distinct steepening of slope mid-way through the step-heating sequence. This steepening appears to correspond with steps in which release of argon from phengite components dominate. We analysed the data using a computer program (
eArgon
) and numerically simulated mixing of gas released from multiple diffusion domains. The results suggest that diffusion of
39
Ar in phengitic white mica involves radically different diffusion parameters in comparison with muscovite. If these results extrapolate to nature then
40
Ar/
39
Ar geochronology may allow direct dating of white mica mineral growth during metamorphism.

Supplementary material:

Data files A, B and C are available at
www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18619
. Data file A C++ computer code used to infer data for an Arrhenius plot, assuming different diffusion geometries. These methods are excerpted from the
eArgon
computer program used to analyse these data.

Data file B Analytical methods and procedures used in the laboratory for
40
Ar/
39
Ar geochronology performed on the samples reported.

Data file C XML formatted data tables for the step-heating experiments reported in this study, in a form that can be read by the
eArgon
computer program.
Adult Stature and Risk of Cancer at Different Anatomic Sites in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Kabat Geoffrey C. , Anderson Matthew L. , Heo Moonseong , Hosgood H. Dean , Kamensky Victor , Bea Jennifer W. , Hou Lifang , Lane Dorothy S. , Wactawski-Wende Jean , Manson JoAnn E. , Rohan Thomas E. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Background: Prospective studies in Western and Asian populations suggest that height is a risk factor for various cancers. However, few studies have explored potential confounding or effect modification of the association by other factors.
Methods: We examined the association between height measured at enrollment in 144,701 women participating in the Women's Health Initiative and risk of all cancers combined and cancer at 19 specific sites. Over a median follow-up of 12.0 years, 20,928 incident cancers were identified. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) per 10 cm increase in height, with adjustment for established risk factors. We also examined potential effect modification of the association with all cancer and specific cancers.
Results: Height was significantly positively associated with risk of all cancers (HR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.11–1.16), as well as with cancers of the thyroid, rectum, kidney, endometrium, colorectum, colon, ovary, and breast, and with multiple myeloma and melanoma (range of HRs: 1.13 for breast cancer to 1.29 for multiple myeloma and thyroid cancer). These associations were generally insensitive to adjustment for confounders, and there was little evidence of effect modification.
Conclusions: This study confirms the positive association of height with risk of all cancers and a substantial number of cancer sites.
Impact: Identification of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated both with height and with increased cancer risk may help elucidate the association. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(8); 1353–63. ©2013 AACR.