bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of antiallergic effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in a murine model of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Kim Boo‐Young , Shin Ji‐Hyeon , Park Hyang Rim , Kim Sung Won , Kim Soo Whan 
Published: February 2013

Objectives/HypothesisPneumococcal vaccines have been widely used, and Streptococcus pneumoniae has been suggested to be an effective therapeutic agent in allergic disease.ObjectivesThe present study was performed to evaluate the effects of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PV) and pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine (PCV), and to examine differences between the vaccines in a murine model of allergic rhinitis.Study DesignIn vivo study using an animal model.SettingCatholic Research Institutes of Medical Science.MethodsAllergic rhinitis was induced in 40 BALB/c mice by intraperitoneal sensitization and intranasal challenge with Dermatophagoides farinae (Derf). The animals were divided into four groups: control, Derf, PV, and PCV. Interferon‐γ, interleukin‐13, and interleukin‐10 levels in nasal lavage fluid and Derf‐specific immunoglobulin E levels in serum were measured. The levels of T‐bet, GATA‐3, and Foxp3 mRNA expression in splenic mononuclear cells were determined. The number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in splenic mononuclear cells was compared between groups by flow cytometry.ResultsAllergic symptom scores, T‐bet and GATA‐3 mRNA levels, serum Derf‐specific immunoglobulin E levels, and tissue eosinophil counts were lower in the PV and PCV groups than the Derf group (P < 0.05). The regulatory T (Treg) cell indicators, Foxp3 mRNA, and percentages of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells were increased in the PV and PCV groups (P < 0.05).Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceBoth PV and PCV suppressed the allergen‐specific T helper 2 response and induced regulatory T cells in a murine model of allergic rhinitis. However, PV and PCV may activate Treg cells via different mechanisms.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 123:2371–2377, 2013
Polymers for the Cell‐Specific Immobilisation of Megakaryocytic Cell Lines
Authors: Hansen Anne , Corless Samuel , Cleland Alexander , Petrik Juraj , Gilbert Nick , Bradley Mark 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPrimary human megakaryocytes, the precursor cells of platelets, are difficult to collect and cultivate. Polymers that enrich these cells without affecting their regulation or function are of interest for basic research as well as for cord blood transplantation purposes since co‐transplantation of enriched megakaryocyte concentrates increase the success of stem cell therapy. Herein, polymer microarrays were used for the discovery of substrates for MEG‐01 cells, with five polymers identified which selectively bound cells of the megakaryocytic lineage. Flow cytometry and miRNA profiling revealed that immobilisation had only a minor effect on the cellular maturation status, making the identified substrates potential candidates for concentrating megakaryocytes from patients prior to transplantation. magnified image
Free fatty acid flux in African‐American and caucasian adults—effect of sex and race
Authors: Nielsen S⊘ren , Sumner Anne E. , Miller Bernard V. , Turkova Hana , Klein Samuel , Jensen Michael D. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveObesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes disproportionately affect African‐American (AA) women. Abnormal adipose tissue free fatty acid (FFA) release is associated with these conditions. Resting energy expenditure (REE) and sex predict FFA release in Caucasians, but whether this is true in AA is unknown. The sex‐specific relationships between FFA release, REE, and race was compared.Design and Methods100 adults (47% AA, 50% male, age 32 ± 8 years [mean ± SD]) from three different centers underwent duplicate measures of FFA release ([U‐13C] palmitate) and REE (indirect calorimetry). Body composition was determined by DXA and abdominal imaging.ResultsAA participants had lower REE, but similar FFA concentrations and flux compared with Caucasian participants. The significant predictors of palmitate release were REE, sex, and race. REE and FFA flux were correlated in both sexes and both races. In a multiple linear regression analysis with palmitate flux as the dependent variable and REE, sex, race, total fat mass, fat‐free mass, and insulin as independent variables, REE was the only independent predictor of FFA release in men. Both REE and race predicted palmitate flux in women.ConclusionsFFA flux is related to REE, but the relationship differs in AA and Caucasian women.
Interactions of allelic variance of PNPLA3 with nongenetic factors in predicting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and nonhepatic complications of severe obesity
Authors: Guichelaar M.M.J. , Gawrieh S. , Olivier M. , Viker K. , Krishnan A. , Sanderson S. , Malinchoc M. , Watt K.D. , Swain J.M. , Sarr M. , Charlton M.R. 
Published: February 2013

Objective: Allelic variation (rs738409C→G) in adiponutrin (patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing protein 3, PNPLA3) has been associated with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis. The physiologic impact of the PNPLA3 G allele may be exacerbated in patients with severe obesity. In this study, we investigated the interactions of PNPLA3 rs738409 with a broad panel of metabolic and histologic characteristics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients with medically complicated obesity.Design and Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing bariatric surgery were selected for a prospective study. They underwent extensive laboratory and histologic (liver biopsy) assessment, as well as evaluation of rs738409 polymorphism by TaqMan assay.Results: Only 12 (8.3%) of the 144 patients had normal liver histology, with 72 (50%) NASH, of whom 15 (10.4% of total patients) had fibrosis stage 2‐3. PNPLA3 GG genotype correlated positively (P < 0.05) with serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, fibrinogen, and insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, homeostasis model assessment—insulin resistance, and presence of NASH. Multivariate analysis indicated that PNPLA3 rs738409 G versus C allele remained an (independent) risk factor for NASH, in addition to CK‐18 >145 IU/l, glucose >100 mg/dl, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) >0.8 mg/dl. The probability of NASH increased from 9% (no risk factor) to 82% if all four risk factors were present.Conclusions: In this cohort of patients with medically complicated obesity, PNPLA3 rs738409 G allelic expression is associated with hepatic (NASH) and nonhepatic complications of obesity, such as insulin resistance. These novel findings may be related to a greater impact of PNPLA3 variant in magnitude and scope in patients with severe obesity than in less obese populations. Further studies are needed to characterize the nature of these associations.
Dynamic poverty experiences and development of overweight in a prospective cohort of US children aged 4‐14 years
Authors: Margerison‐Zilko Clarie E. , Cubbin C. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveTo examine the associations between poverty dynamics and the long‐term risk of developing overweight or obesity.Design and MethodsOur data are a representative sample of US children from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Child and Young Adult Survey (1986‐2008). We used survival analysis to compare risk of developing overweight or obesity among 5,613 children aged 4‐14 years from never poor households, transient poor households (those that became poor only once), recurrent poor households (those that became poor more than once), and persistent poor households (those that became poor and remained poor for at least 4 consecutive years) and examined interactions by race/ethnicity, gender, and age.ResultsCompared with children from never poor households, children from transient poor households (HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68‐0.92), recurrent poor households (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62‐0.87), and persistently poor households (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.51‐0.74) had significantly reduced risks of becoming overweight or obese. These associations did not vary by race/ethnicity, gender, or age.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that poverty experiences are associated with reduced risk of becoming overweight or obese among children of 4‐14 years.
Satiety, but not total PYY, Is increased with continuous and intermittent exercise
Authors: Holmstrup M. E. , Fairchild T. J. , Keslacy S. , Weinstock R. S. , Kanaley J. A. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveThis study determined the hormonal and subjective appetite responses to exercise (1‐h continuous versus intermittent exercise throughout the day) in obese individuals.Design and MethodsEleven obese subjects (>30 kg/m2) underwent three 12‐h study days: control condition [sedentary behavior (SED)], continuous exercise condition [(EX) 1‐h exercise], and intermittent exercise condition [(INT) 12 hourly, 5‐min bouts]. Blood samples (every 10 min) were measured for serum insulin and total peptide YY (PYY) concentrations, with ratings of appetite (visual analog scale [VAS): every 20 min]. Both total area under the curve (AUC), and subjective appetite ratings were calculated.ResultsNo differences were observed in total PYY AUC between conditions, but hunger was reduced with INT (INT < EX; P < 0.05), and satiety was increased with both SED and INT conditions (INT > EX and SED > EX; P < 0.05). A correlation existed between the change in total PYY and insulin levels (r = −0.81; P < 0.05), and total PYY and satiety (r = 0.80; P < 0.05) with the EX condition, not the SED and INT conditions.ConclusionsThe total PYY response to meals is not altered over the course of a 12‐h day with either intermittent or continuous exercise; however, intermittent exercise increased satiety and reduced hunger to a greater extent than continuous exercise in obese individuals.
Simple physical model for chemomechanics
Authors: Shemesh A. , Stolyarova S. , Nemirovsky Y. , Eichen Y. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present a simple model linking chemical interactions with macroscopic mechanical deformations for polymer‐coated microcantilever devices. The chemo‐mechanical process is treated in terms of Fickian diffusion followed by a structural relaxation of the polymer‐guest complex. The model is tested on a series of microcantilever bending experiments, in the presence of different isotopologues, and at different incident guest fluxes. In many cases, a nontrivial behavior, expressed by the appearance of an overshoot, is observed. The new model provides insight into the ways chemical interactions and reorganization processes manifest themselves in mechanical processes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys., 2013
Can mindfulness‐based interventions help adolescents with cancer?
Authors: Jones Paul , Blunda Megan , Biegel Gina , Carlson Linda E. , Biel Matthew , Wiener Lori 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDuring the past 30 years, there has been an increase in the incidence of cancer in adolescents. While recent studies have illustrated remarkable resilience in youth living with cancer, they can also face daunting acute and chronic adjustment struggles, cognitive and school problems, family and peer relational difficulties, depression, post‐traumatic stress symptoms, and other anxiety disorders. Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs), increasingly shown to be effective in a variety of medical and mental health settings, may be particularly beneficial for adolescents with cancer. This paper reviews evidence from clinical trials of MBIs showing a variety of benefits for adult cancer patients, adolescents with anxiety disorders and chronic pain, and clinically healthy teenagers, which collectively point to likely benefits of MBIs for teen cancer patients. The authors also explore ways that the particular psychological problems often faced by teen cancer patients, including anxiety about the future, may be especially well suited to mindfulness approaches such as learning to observe physical sensations, thoughts, and emotions, as well as cultivating compassion towards themselves and others. The paper concludes with an exploration of unanswered and potential research questions regarding the future use of MBIs with adolescents with cancer, and potentially with teenagers with other chronic diseases. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Particle Size on Silver Nanoparticle Deposition onto Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) Plasma Functionalized Polyamide Fabric
Authors: Vu Nguyen Khanh , Zille Andrea , Oliveira Fernando Ribeiro , Carneiro Noémia , Souto Antonio Pedro 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe effect on the deposition of three different size silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto a polyamide 6,6 (PA) fabric pre‐treated using air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was investigated. The SEM, EDS, and XPS analysis confirm that the smaller is the diameter of AgNPs, the higher the amount of adsorbed NPs on the PA. The DBD treatment on PA induces a threefold increase in Ag adsorption. The result confirms a dual effect on the wettability of the plasma treated PA substrate. AgNPs slightly enhance hydrophobicity of the PA surface and, at the same time, protect it against the plasma aging effect. magnified image
Exploring Links between Internal and International Migration in Albania: a View from Internal Migrants
Authors: Çaro Erka , Bailey Ajay , Van Wissen Leo J. G. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTOver the last 20 years, Albania has experienced sweeping economic and social changes, caused in part by increasing internal and international migration flows. Migration trajectories of Albanians represent a combination of internal, international, and return migration. Whereas scholars have previously focused mainly on international migration, the current research explores the dynamics between internal and international migration. Typically, the internal migration of a family is supported, psychologically and financially, by the international migration of other household members. This paper reports on the influence that social and economic remittances have on the livelihoods of internal migrants. Using an ethnographic approach, financial and social remittances were shown to improve internal migrants' quality of life, assisting their adjustment process. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards a wireless sensor system for real‐time H2O2 monitoring in aseptic food processes
Authors: Kirchner Patrick , Oberländer Jan , Suso Henri‐Pierre , Rysstad Gunnar , Keusgen Michael , Schöning Michael J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA wireless sensor system based on the industrial ZigBee standard for low‐rate wireless networking was developed that enables real‐time monitoring of gaseous H2O2 during the package sterilization in aseptic food processes. The sensor system consists of a remote unit connected to a calorimetric gas sensor, which was already established in former works, and an external base unit connected to a laptop computer. The remote unit was built up by an XBee radio frequency (RF) module for data communication and a programmable system‐on‐chip controller to read out the sensor signal and process the sensor data, whereas the base unit is a second XBee RF module. For the rapid H2O2 detection on various locations inside the package that has to be sterilized, a novel read‐out strategy of the calorimetric gas sensor was established, wherein the sensor response is measured within the short sterilization time and correlated with the present H2O2 concentration. In an exemplary measurement application in an aseptic filling machinery, the suitability of the new, wireless sensor system was demonstrated, wherein the influence of the gas velocity on the H2O2 distribution inside a package was determined and verified with microbiological tests.
Charge transport in nanoparticle chains influenced by stabilizer molecules
Authors: Govor Leonid V. , Bauer Gottfried H. , Reiter Günter , Parisi Jürgen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe have bridged a pair of gold electrodes through chains and arrays of gold nanoparticles (NPs), which were stabilized by a coating of citrate molecules. We performed a systematic and comparative analysis of current–voltage (I–V) characteristics for chains of NPs having variable lengths and configurations. Besides stochastic current fluctuations at a constant bias voltage and quasi‐periodic fluctuations of the differential conductance arising from conformational changes of citrate molecules, we also observed that the arrangement and distribution of NPs can be changed by the applied electric field, contributing to conductance fluctuations and leading to irreversible changes and finally rupture of the conducting bridge. Although in all cases gold is bridged by the same citrate molecules, a significantly higher resistance between gold electrodes and the citrate coated gold NPs was found as compared to the resistance between identical NPs. This difference is attributed to the fact that citrate molecules are chemically attached to the NPs, but are only physically interacting with the electrodes. Thus, the resistance of the bridge is not only a function of the number of molecular contacts but also depends on the strength of the individual interactions between metal conductor and molecules.
Thermodynamic investigations in the precursor region of FeGe
Authors: Cevey L. , Wilhelm H. , Schmidt M. , Lortz R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHigh‐resolution DC magnetization and AC‐specific‐heat data of the cubic helimagnet FeGe have been measured as function of temperature and magnetic field. The magnetization data as well as the isothermal susceptibility data confirm the complexity of the magnetic phase diagram in the vicinity of the onset of long‐range magnetic order (Tc = 278.5 K) and the existence of a segmented A‐phase region. Moreover, these data revealed independent and clear indications of phase boundaries and crossovers within the A‐phase region. Together with the anomalies in the specific‐heat data around Tc and at small magnetic fields (H < 600 Oe) a complex magnetic phase diagram of FeGe is obtained.
Search for a quantum critical point in CeRhSi3 via electrical resistivity
Authors: Iida Hiroki , Sugawara Tetsuya , Aoki Haruyoshi , Kimura Noriaki 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe have verified an existence of a quantum critical point (QCP) in heavy‐fermion superconductor CeRhSi3 under magnetic fields and pressures by using the electrical resistivity measurements. Firstly, we revealed magnetic field–temperature (H–T) phase diagrams at several pressures: below and above the pressure where the antiferromagnetic (AFM) order disappears in zero magnetic field. In a higher pressure, we determined the quantum‐phase‐transition field HM where the AFM transition temperature drops to zero. Recovery to Fermi liquid state is not clearly observed above HM. Therefore, HM is not conclusively determined as the QCP.
Temperature–field phase diagram of quantum critical CeAuSb2
Authors: Lorenzer K.‐A. , Strydom A. M. , Thamizhavel A. , Paschen S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCeAuSb2 has previously been classified as an antiferromagnet with moderately enhanced electron masses. As the magnetic order is suppressed by a magnetic field, non‐Fermi liquid behaviour has been shown to emerge, suggesting the presence of a quantum critical point (QCP). Within the ordered phase a metamagnetic transition was detected. Here we investigate the material by isothermal magnetization M(H), transverse magnetoresistivity ρt(H) and Hall resistivity ρH(H) measurements. We show that the metamagnetic transition splits into two first order transitions below 2 K. Pronounced anomalies in ρt(H) and ρH(H) are not only observed at the QCP and the metamagnetic transitions but also at a new characteristic field above the QCP.
Thermodynamics of field‐tuned quantum critical point in CeAgSb2
Authors: Zou Yang , Logg Peter , Barber Mark , Feng Zhuo , Ebihara Takao , Grosche F. Malte 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe intermetallic compound CeAgSb2 is a rare example of a ferromagnetically ordered Kondo lattice system. The transition temperature of 9.6 K in zero field is sensitive to the application of magnetic fields perpendicular to the easy axis. Therefore transverse field tuning could be used as an effective way to investigate quantum critical behaviour. In this work we present combined measurements of the specific heat and the magnetocaloric effect which allows a comprehensive thermodynamical study of the system. The entropy landscape is constructed as a function of temperature and field tuning.
Magnetic properties of Yb(Rh0.42Co0.58)2Si2
Authors: Hannaske Ariane , Stockert Oliver , Klingner Christoph , Krellner Cornelius , Matas Slavomir , Pedrero Luis , Brando Manuel , Geibel Christoph , Steglich Frank 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we present a comprehensive study of heat capacity, resistivity, neutron diffraction and magnetization measurements on Yb(Rh0.42Co0.58)2Si2. Heat capacity and resistivity measurements revealed one phase transition at Tm ≈ 820 mK into the magnetically ordered phase, but in neutron diffraction experiments the magnetic intensity at the commensurate position $\tau = (\matrix{ {0.25 } & {0.75 } & {0} \cr } )$ vanished already at a lower TL ≈ 700 mK. From magnetization measurements we could derive the existence of two magnetic phases, an antiferromagnetic phase below TL ≈ 700 mK and an intermediate phase in the temperature range $T_{{\rm L}} < T < T_{{\rm m}} $, which shows surprisingly ferromagnetic properties when applying magnetic fields along the [001] direction.
GaN‐based high voltage transistors for efficient power switching
Authors: Waltereit Patrick , Reiner Richard , Czap Heiko , Peschel Detlef , Müller Stefan , Quay Rüdiger , Mikulla Michael , Ambacher Oliver 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present results from GaN‐based high voltage transistors used for power switching applications. The static and dynamic properties of transistors on SiC and Si substrates are determined. Overall, this technology is capable to deliver 1000 V breakdown and 95 A output current as well as a lower product of on‐resistance and gate charge than conventional Si‐based structures. Areas of further improvement in epitaxial growth and device processing are outlined in order to combine these high currents and high voltages in a single device. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
InGaAs HEMTs with T‐gate electrodes formed by multi‐layer SiCN molds
Authors: Yoshida Tomohiro , Kobayashi Kengo , Otsuji Taiichi , Suemitsu Tetsuya 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe report a method to control the shape of T‐gates precisely by using multi‐layer SiCN molds. The SiCN molds consist of a series of SiCN thin films with gradually changed etching properties. The SiCN was deposited by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition using hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) vapor. An optimized deposition condition of SiCN molds enables us to achieve more precisely control in the T‐gate shape such as the stem angle. The SiCN molds technique was applied to the fabrication of T‐gates in InGaAs high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). Two types of HEMTs using the SiCN molds with different deposition conditions were fabricated. The detail analysis of the HEMTs indicates that the difference in the parasitic gate delay and gate resistance reflects the T‐gate shapes. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)