bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac function in long-term survivors of children posthematopoietic stem cells transplantation
Authors: Sayed Safa Matbouly , Mohamed Wafaa Ezzat Ibrahim , Elzoghby Naira Mohamed , Elsamman Nora 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment for many refractory malignancies, bone marrow failure syndromes, and primary immune deficiencies. Despite the significant improvement in survival after HSCT, the therapy is associated with major short and long-term morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular complications are increasingly recognized as potential outcomes following HSCT. Echocardiography is the method of choice for detecting myocardial dysfunction before, during, and after chemotherapy. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a decrease in left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) more than 10% from the baseline cardiac function or ejection fraction ≤50%.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric transplantation and cardiology units at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Twenty-two long-term survival children underwent hematopoietic stem cells transplantation from 2011 to 2019. Full medical history and examination data were collected. Conventional and two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking echo were done.

Results
The mean age of patients at the time of study was 12.95 ± 4.82 years. Mean age at the time of transplant was 7.02 ± 3.84 years. They were 50% males & 50% females. Long-term survival mean duration was six years. About eighty-six percent of the patients had nonmalignant diseases, while 13% patients had malignant diseases. Regarding the conditioning regimen used; 41% received Cy/ATG, 50% received Cy/Bu and 9% received BEAM. Twenty percent of patients developed acute GVHDs (grade I to II), while 22.7% patients developed chronic GVHDs included 13.7% patients limited skin and ocular manifestations, while 9% had extensive chronic GVHDs. Echocardiography showed that all patients had normal systolic and diastolic function. Only one patient (4.5%) had borderline left ventricle dilatation by M mode, while two patients (9%) had abnormal global longitudinal strain (GLS) by 2D speckle tracking. One had a GLS of 16% and the other one had mild hypokinesia with a GLS of 14%. There was no significant difference between studied patients with cardiac affection and those without cardiac affection as regards demographic data, conditioning regimens, GVHDs prophylaxis and complications of transplant (P value > 0.05).

Conclusion
Monitoring of cardiac function by 2D speckle tracking echo is important to detect any subtle cardiac affection in long-term survivors of HSCT.
Study of the effect and safety of oral lactoferrin therapy for functional iron deficiency anemia in prevalent hemodialysis patients
Authors: Abdelwahab Khaled G. , Elshinnawy Howayda A. , Elsaid Tamer W. , Mohammed Mohammed A. , Elsharabasy Reem M. 
Published: July 2024

Background
The commonly available therapeutic approaches for treating anemia of chronic kidney disease include oral and IV iron supplementation and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein, has been studied for its effect on iron homeostasis.

Aim of the work
To study the effect and safety of oral lactoferrin therapy for functional iron deficiency anemia in prevalent hemodialysis patients.

Patients and methods
This is an interventional case–control study, conducted at Ain Shams University Hospital hemodialysis unit on 70 prevalent hemodialysis patients, who were divided into two groups: (Group A): 35 patients with functional iron-deficiency anemia, who received lactoferrin together with the recommended dose of ESA therapy for 3 months, (Group B): 35 patients with functional iron-deficiency anemia, who received only their recommended dose of ESA therapy for 3 months.

Results
Both groups were age and sex-matched. Both groups showed a significant improvement in their hemoglobin, ferritin, and iron levels after 3 months’ follow-up, with no difference between both groups. No significant difference was noticed in either WBCs or platelets during the study period.

Conclusion
Oral lactoferrin failed to show a superior effect on ESAs alone and could not be used as a substitute to totally replace IV iron supplementation in hemodialysis patients with FID.
Irisin in myelodysplastic syndromes: connecting inflammation, oncogenesis, and atherogenesis
Authors: Abdelhafez Mohamed Ahmed , Shoeib Sabry Abdallah , Arafa Ayman Fathy , Dawood Ashraf Abdelrouf , Elkholy Aly Mohamed , Elrahman Shrief Ramadan Abd Elkhalek Abd , Elrefy Mahmoud Ahmed , Akl Ghada Hamdy 
Published: July 2024

Objective
This study aimed to measure irisin level and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and, to unravel their correlations with other variables in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Background
Multiple components of the marrow environment and of the MDS cell hierarchy itself can contribute to an inflammatory state which can influence MDS emergence, propagation, and evolution. Irisin is an adipomyokine that is involved.in.the.regulation.of.metabolic.processes.and.also.influences.processes.related.to.inflammation including cancer. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease driven by traditional and nontraditional risk factors.

Patients and methods
This case–control study was carried out on 40 MDS patients and 40 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. Serum irisin level and CIMT were measured.

Results
The median irisin level and high-density lipoproteins were significantly lower in MDS patients compared with controls whereas CIMT, fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, triglycerides, homocysteine, and high sensitive C-reactive protein were significantly higher in patients than controls.

Conclusion
Irisin level is significantly lower in patients with MDS where as CIMT is significantly higher in MDS patients compared to controls.
Estimation of antioxidant enzymes in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Majeed Safaa A. , Jewad Abdulkareem M. , Al Atbee Mohammed Y.N. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Oxidative stress in hemodialysis (HD) is a critical concern in the management of patients. HD, a life-sustaining renal replacement therapy, exposes individuals to various factors that promote the production of harmful reactive oxygen species within the body. These reactive oxygen species, including free radicals, can overwhelm the body’s antioxidant defenses, leading to oxidative stress.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxides (GPx) and catalase (CAT), and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with dyslipidemia in HD patients and compare them with control groups.

Patients and methods
The case–control study was conducted on 75 patients undergoing HD and 75 age-matched healthy controls. Oxidative stress markers include CAT, SOD, GPx, and MDA. Serum electrolytes including potassium ion (K+), phosphate (PO4), calcium (Ca+), urea, and creatinine (Cr) were measured for each group.

Results
Our results show a significant difference between patients and the control group in each of the oxidative stress markers, which are CAT, GPx, and SOD, showing a decrease that is statistically significant in patients in comparison to the controls. The level of MDA shows an increase that is statistically significant in patients in comparison to the controls. Serum electrolyte levels, which are K+, PO4, urea, and Cr, show a statistically significant increase in patients in comparison to the controls. Ca+ shows a decrease that is statistically significant in patients in comparison to the controls.

Conclusions
From the results, we could conclude that oxidative stress plays a role in HD patients and can affect the management of end-stage renal failure patients.
The Association between Post-Partum Depression and Nutrition and Dietary Patterns: Systematic Review
Authors: Ghaedrahmati Maryam , Alipour Zahra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a common illness with long-term effects on mother and child. Nutrition is a crucial factor in mental health, but research findings on its connection to PPD are inconsistent. This review aims to explore the correlation between PPD and dietary patterns.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, ISI and ISI/Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Iranian databases such as Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and IRANDOC from 2003 to 2020. Our search was based on the keywords “postpartum depression” and “nutrition, vitamin D, Folic acid, iron, zinc, and vitamins.” We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to select articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of the 100 articles identified, only 24 articles met our criteria and were selected for further analysis.

Results:
Research suggests that low levels of vitamin D, iron, folate, and carbohydrates, and an unhealthy diet lacking in vegetables are potential causes of PPD. However, the impact of zinc, omega-3 essential fatty acids, and other nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamin E, and vitamin C on PPD is unclear due to conflicting information. Additionally, limited research has been conducted on the association between group B vitamins and PPD.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, we can lower the risk of PPD by providing dietary guidance and working with healthcare providers. It is important to pay attention to our diet and make sure we are consuming enough vitamins and nutrients to support our mental health.
Relationship between Resilience and Social and Organizational Support among Nurses Working with COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mehdizadeh Soudabeh , Aghamohammadi Phateme , Maleki Maryam , Hasanlo Masoumeh , Abbasi Soheila 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground:One of the coping strategies in stressful situations effectively is resilience skills. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its resulting stresses, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between resilience and social and organizational support among nurses working with COVID-19 patients.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was undertaken on 224 nurses working with COVID-19 patients in Iran in 2021. A demographic questionnaire, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Survey of Perceived Organisational Support were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and interpretive statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient test and linear regression).Results:The mean [Standard Deviation (SD)] resilience score was 65.86 (14.01). In addition, the mean (SD) scores of organizational support and social support were 21.57 (4.46) and 65.10 (10.93), respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient test results showed a statistically significant direct relationship between social support and resilience (r = 0.41,p< 0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant relationship between organizational support and resilience (r = 0.16,p= 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that for each unit increase in social support and organizational support scores, resilience scores increased by 0.41 (p= 0.01) and 0.15 (p< 0.001) units, respectively.Conclusions:The results of the present study showed a direct relationship between resilience and social support and organizational support in nurses. Due to the prolongation of the COVID-19 pandemic and the high prevalence of the disease in our country, nursing managers should seriously consider measures to protect their staff.
Lifestyle Interventions vs. Multi Interventional Therapy on Physiological Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome among Women: A Comparative Study
Authors: Elizabeth A. J. , Aruna J , Mercy P. J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Metabolic syndrome is one of the emerging health issues in developing countries. It includes diabetes, high Blood Pressure (BP), obesity, and elevated blood cholesterol.

Materials and Methods:
This comparative study was conducted from March 2019 to February 2020 in selected areas of Ernakulam district, Kerala. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group. One-way analysis of variance and paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Women (aged between 35 and 55 years) with metabolic syndrome were recruited by multistage sampling (N = 220) and randomly assigned into three groups: (a) control, (b) Lifestyle Interventions (LI), and (c) Multi Interventional Therapy (MIT). LI was given to the LI group, and reflexology foot massage along with LI was given to the MIT group for 12 weeks. The control group received routine care. Physiological variables were assessed before and after the intervention.

Results:
Women who received MIT and LI had significantly lower values of weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and waist circumference after the treatment from baseline and compared with control (F = 12.09, 15.58, 22.37, p < 0.001). A remarkable change in systolic and diastolic BP was found in the MIT group (pretest mean of systolic BP and diastolic BP in control: 142.3 and 90.1, LI: 141.7 and 89.7, MIT: 141.8 and 89.8, p = 0.945, posttest means control: 142.6 and 90.4, LI: 131.5 and 85.5, MIT: 118.5 and 78.3, (F = 54.83, 57.87, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Both LI and MIT should be considered as interventions for reducing the physiological parameters of metabolic syndrome, such as body weight, BMI, and obesity. MIT was found to be more effective in reducing blood pressure.
Association between Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy and Postpartum Depression: A Narrative Reviews
Authors: Bateineh Sajedah , Atoum Manar Fayiz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a serious depression that develops in the first year, with unknown explained reasons. Many studies evaluated the impact of Vitamin D (VD) levels on depression during pregnancy and postnatal. This narrative review aims to review any association between serum VD levels during pregnancy and the development of PPD.

Materials and Methods:
PPD data from published trials and research articles (period from 2012 to 2022) were assessed through PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar using the following terms: Depression, pregnancy, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH VD), vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and postpartum (PP). Articles were selected manually and with careful tracking to avoid duplication. Articles that investigated any association between VD levels during pregnancy and PPD in the time frame were included in the study, while articles investigating VD levels of PP without depression were excluded.

Results:
In this narrative review, five out of seven studies showed an association between PPD and VDD during pregnancy. Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) enrolled among different studies from 3 days to 1 year PP to assess PPD.

Conclusions:
Pregnant women with VDD are significantly associated with PPD. Longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to evaluate the association between VDD with PPD. Screening VD levels among pre-postnatal mothers may be essential for awareness programs that can be implemented to promote remission of postnatal depression.
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Neonatal Critical Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sakore Surekha Satish , Devi Seeta , Mahapure Prachi , Kamble Meghana , Jadhav Prachi 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) approaches impacted drug discovery, medical imaging, customized diagnostics, and therapeutics. Medicine will be transformed by AI. One such area of medicine where AI is significantly improving care is neonatology.

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to explore the applications of AI in neonatal critical care and its outcome.

Methods:
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a scoping review was conducted utilizing the Web of Science, MEDLINE (PubMed), and Scopus databases. The search was limited to full-text publications on AI applications in neonatal critical care that were published between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2023. Articles specifically addressing the application of AI in neonatal care have been considered within the scope of this review. At least three reviewers had independently executed the screening, data abstraction, and exploration.

Results:
Database searches yielded 631 articles, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. The research encompassed extensive AI applications in neonatal critical care, employed for prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy strategizing. Artificial neural networks, machine learning, deep learning, and shallow hybrid neural networks were the commonly utilized AI techniques (neonatal critical care). These methods were applied to screen for inborn metabolic abnormalities, predict various outcomes, including death and sepsis, identify diseases such as sepsis, and assess neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm newborns, helping plan several medical treatments. The included research demonstrated encouraging outcomes when using AI in neonatal critical care.

Conclusions:
AI-driven electronic arrangements upgrade neonatal basic care by improving risk forecast, promising critical commitments to future health care. Be that as it may, careful appraisal, evidence-based considers, and determination of safety, ethics, and information straightforwardness issues are essential before implementation. Acceptance by administrative bodies and the therapeutic community pivots on tending to these concerns.
The Effect of Plastic Wrap Use to Prevent Hypothermia on Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity in Extreme Preterm Infants
Authors: Alsafadi Tariq , Albaloushi Mohammad Hakim , Alsafadi Faris Tariq , Jarrada Shadi , Alshoibi Jamal 
Published: July 2024

Background:Hypothermia immediately afterbirth is common, especially in preterm (PT) infants because of their skin immaturity. If it is prolonged, it can lead to mortality and morbidity. Although plastic wrap (PW) can improve neonatal hypothermia by decreasing evaporative heat loss, its effect on mortality and morbidity is uncertain.Aim:The aim of the study was to detect if PW can decrease mortality and morbidity in PT infants from 240to 296weeks’ gestation.Design:The study design was a retrospective study.Setting:The study was conducted at two neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).Materials and Methods:NICUs medical records from 2021 to 2023.Statistical Analysis:The data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 187 PT infants from 240to 296-week gestation were admitted to both NICUs during that period, 148 PT infants were included in the study. Mean gestational age (GA) was 27.2 ± 2.7 weeks and mean birth weight was 865 ± 375 g; 75 PT infants (51%) were male, and 30 PT infants (20.2%) were hypothermic on admission. After adjusting for risk factors that potentially increased the mortality, admission temperature did not affect the mortality significantly (odds ratio [OR]: 0.8, confidence interval [CI]: 0.6–1.1). The only factor that increased the mortality significantly was GA (OR: 1.1, CI: 1.05–1.4). The other model that tested the effect of admission temperature on the morbidity showed that none of the morbidities were significantly decreased after adjusting for risk factors, necrotizing enterocolitis (OR: 1.05, CI: 0.8–1.3), intraventricular hemorrhage (OR: 0.8, CI: 0.6–1.09), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR: 1.1, CI: 0.8–1.3), retinopathy of prematurity (OR: 1.2, CI: 0.9–1.4), and late-onset sepsis (OR: 1.1, CI: 0.9–1.4).Conclusion:PW applied immediately after birth seemed to improve admission temperature in PT infants from 240to 296-week gestation, but it did not improve neonatal mortality or morbidity.
Intergrowth 21 Versus Fenton 2013 Growth Charts: Congruence in Assessing the Birth Size and the Proportion of Extra-uterine Growth Restriction in Preterm Babies
Authors: Jose Georgeena Elsa , Khamkar Anilkumar M. , Pote P. D. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Intergrowth-21st and Fenton 2013 growth charts are used for postnatal growth monitoring in preterms. There is no international consensus on which graph to refer to and why. This study is a local validation, of which graph would be plausible for the Indian population to detect small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and extra-uterine growth restriction (EUGR) babies, abetting in the settlement of this ambiguity.

Objectives:
The primary objective was to compare the Intergrowth-21st with Fenton 2013 growth charts for birth size classification and to detect the proportion of EUGR in preterms. The secondary objective was to assess the proportion of comorbidities in SGA babies by both these graphs.

Methods:
The design of the study was a prospective comparative observational study. All preterm newborns (24–<37 weeks of gestation) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Noble Hospital and Research Center, Maharashtra, were the participants. Weight, length, and head circumference were plotted on Intergrowth 21 and Fenton growth charts at birth and at 4 weeks of age or at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age whichever is later. Corresponding Z-scores and percentiles were calculated electronically from their respective online software.

Outcome:
the reliability of Intergrowth-21st when compared to Fenton 2013 growth charts in assessing the birth size was better, and detection of the proportion of EUGR in preterm babies was better with Fenton charts.

Results:
A total of 429 preterm babies with a mean gestational age of 33.3 ± 2.4 weeks were included in the study. Fenton (67.1%) overestimated the proportion of EUGR when compared to Intergrowth-21st (18.6%) which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). On the contrary, although the proportion of SGA babies detected was higher with Intergrowth-21st (29.8%) when compared to Fenton (19.6%), there was moderate-to-high statistically significant agreement observed between the two growth charts in detecting SGA babies (Kappa = 0.716, P < 0.001). The proportion of comorbidities did not vary significantly among the SGA babies between the growth charts (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Fenton overestimates EUGR when compared to Intergrowth-21st, whereas both the growth charts are equally good in identifying SGA babies with no differences in the comorbidities detected. Intergrowth-21st standards look more pertinent for growth monitoring in the current study setting for Indian preterm babies.