bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquisition Efficiency and Technical Repeatability of Dual‐Frequency 3D Vector MR Elastography of the Liver
Authors: Qiu Caixin , Glaser Kevin J. , Owusu Nana , Li Jiahui , Wu Hao , Venkatesh Sudhakar K. , Manduca Armando , Ehman Richard L. , Yin Meng 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMR elastography (MRE) at 60 Hz is widely used for staging liver fibrosis. MRE with lower frequencies may provide inflammation biomarkers.PurposeTo establish a practical simultaneous dual‐frequency liver MRE protocol at both 30 Hz and 60 Hz during a single examination and validate the occurrence of second harmonic waves at 30 Hz.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsOne hundred six patients (48 females, age: 50.0 ± 13.4 years) were divided as follows: Cohort One (15 patients with chronic liver disease [CLD] and 25 healthy volunteers) with simultaneous dual‐frequency MRE. Cohort Two (66 patients with CLD) with second harmonic MRE.Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, single‐ or dual‐frequency MRE at 30 Hz and 60 Hz.AssessmentLiver stiffness (LS) in both cohorts was evaluated with manually placed volumetric ROIs by two independent analyzers. Image quality was assessed by three independent readers on a 4‐point scale (0–3: none/failed, fair, moderate, excellent) based on the depth of wave propagation with 1/3 incremental penetration. The success rate was derived from the percentage of nonzero quality scores.Statistical TestsMeasurement agreement, bias, and repeatability of LS were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Bland–Altman plots, and repeatability coefficient (RC). Mann–Whitney U tests were used to evaluate the differences in image quality between different methods. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsSuccess rate was 97.5% in Cohort One and 91% success rate for the second harmonic MRE in Cohort Two. The second harmonic and conventional MRE showed excellent agreement in LS (all ICCs >0.90). The quality scores for the second harmonic wave images were lower than those from the conventional MRE (Z = −4.523).Data ConclusionCompared with conventional and second harmonic methods, simultaneous dual‐frequency had better image quality, high success rate and the advantage of intrinsic co‐registration, while the second harmonic method can be an alternative if custom waveform is not available.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 1
Identification of transcriptionally‐active human papillomavirus integrants through nanopore sequencing reveals viable targets for gene therapy against cervical cancer
Authors: Zhao Qianqian , Yang Shuaibing , Hao Shijia , Chen Zejia , Tang Lihua , Wu Zhaoting , Wu Jiaxin , Xu Mingqian , Ma Zebiao , Zhou Li , Xu Jianzhen , Qin Qingsong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntegration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) genome into the cellular genome is a key event that leads to constitutive expression of viral oncoprotein E6/E7 and drives the progression of cervical cancer. However, HPV integration patterns differ on a case‐by‐case basis among related malignancies. Next‐generation sequencing technologies still face challenges for interrogating HPV integration sites. In this study, utilizing Nanopore long‐read sequencing, we identified 452 and 108 potential integration sites from the cervical cancer cell lines (CaSki and HeLa) and five tissue samples, respectively. Based on long Nanopore chimeric reads, we were able to analyze the methylation status of the HPV long control region (LCR), which controls oncogene E6/E7 expression, and to identify transcriptionally‐active integrants among the numerous integrants. As a proof of concept, we identified an active HPV integrant in between RUNX2 and CLIC5 on chromosome 6 in the CaSki cell line, which was supported by ATAC‐seq, H3K27Ac ChIP‐seq, and RNA‐seq analysis. Knockout of the active HPV integrant, by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, dramatically crippled cell proliferation and induced cell senescence. In conclusion, identifying transcriptionally‐active HPV integrants with Nanopore sequencing can provide viable targets for gene therapy against HPV‐associated cancers.
Evidences support that dengue virus can impart broad‐spectrum immunity against betacoronaviruses in dengue endemic regions
Authors: Mallick Abinash , Sukla Soumi , De Abhishek , Biswas Subhajit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCOVID‐19 tended to be less aggressive in dengue endemic regions. Conversely, dengue cases plummeted in dengue endemic zones during the active years of the pandemic (2020–2021). We and others have demonstrated serological cross‐reactivity between these two viruses of different families. We further demonstrated that COVID‐19 serum samples that were cross‐reactive in dengue virus (DV) serological tests, “cross‐neutralized” all DV serotypes in Huh7 cells. Here we showed by co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging that severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐coronavirus (CoV)‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) spike (S) protein subunit S1 and S2 monoclonal antibodies can indeed, bind to DV particles. Likewise, DV envelope antibodies (DV E Abs) showed high docking frequency with other human pathogenic beta‐CoVs and murine hepatitis virus‐1 (MHV‐1). SARS‐CoV‐2 Ab didn't show docking or Co‐IP with MHV‐1 supporting poor cross‐protection among CoVs. DV E Abs showed binding to MHV‐1 (AFM, Co‐IP, and immunofluorescence) and prepandemic dengue patients' serum samples even “cross‐neutralized” MHV‐1 plaques in cell culture. Furthermore, dengue serum samples showed marked inhibition potential in a surrogate virus‐based competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, used for determining neutralizing Abs against SARS‐CoV‐2 S protein receptor‐binding domain in COVID‐19 serum samples. We therefore, provide multiple evidence as to why CoVs are epidemiologically less prevalent in highly dengue endemic regions globally.
An Overview on Nocardiopsis Species Originating From North African Biotopes as a Promising Source of Bioactive Compounds and In Silico Genome Mining Analysis of Three Sequenced Genomes
Authors: Ouchene Rima , Zaatout Nawel , Suzuki Marcelino T. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTActinobacteria are renowned for their prolific production of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on exploring “rare” genera within this phylum for biodiscovery purposes, notably the Nocardiopsis genus, which will be the subject of the present study. Recognizing the absence of articles describing the research process of finding bioactive molecules from the genus Nocardiopsis in North African environments. We, therefore, present a historical overview of the discoveries of bioactive molecules of the genus Nocardiopsis originating from the region, highlighting their biological activities and associated reported molecules, providing a snapshot of the current state of the field, and offering insights into future opportunities and challenges for drug discovery. Additionally, we present a genome mining analysis of three genomes deposited in public databases that have been reported to be bioactive. A total of 36 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were identified, including those known to encode bioactive molecules. Notably, a substantial portion of the BGCs showed little to no similarity to those previously described, suggesting the possibility that the analyzed strains could be potential producers of new compounds. Further research on these genomes is essential to fully uncovering their biotechnological potential. Moving forward, we discuss the experimental designs adopted in the reported studies, as well as new avenues to guide the exploration of the Nocardiopsis genus in North Africa.
Shape modelling reveals age‐related knee bony shape changes in asymptomatic knees
Authors: Nguyen Katherine , Perriman Diana M. , Scarvell Jennie M. , Pickering Mark R. , Galvin Catherine R. , Smith Paul N. , Lynch Joseph T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) causes bony shape changes within the knee. Furthermore, the risk of developing OA increases with age. However, age alone does not cause OA. It is therefore important to understand the healthy age‐related trajectories of knee shape before attributing these changes to OA. The aim of this study was to determine the association between bony knee shape and age using statistical‐shape modelling (SSM). 96 participants received a CT scan of their knee. Three‐dimensional models were created using manual segmentation. Separate SSM's for the distal femur and proximal tibia were created. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between age and femoral and tibial shape. Fourteen modes of the femoral and tibial SSM's captured 68% and 73% shape variation, respectively. Only femoral mode 3 and tibial mode 7 were associated with age. Increasing age was related to larger femoral bone volume and deepening of the femoral trochlear groove. Furthermore, increased age was associated with medial tibial plateau expansion. Aspects of bony femoral and tibial shape were significantly associated with aging, including femoral and tibial bone size, femoral trochlear groove, and medial tibial plateau area. Changes in knee morphology occur as a normal process of aging without osteoarthritis development. This may be a response to mechanical loading over time. Further research investigating the effect of these changes on loading in the knee may provide valuable information for knee health in older age.
Kinematical alignment better restores native patellar tracking pattern than mechanical alignment
Authors: Kim Yong Deok , Lim Dohyung , Kwak Dai‐Soon , Cho Nicole , Koh In Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess whether kinematic alignment (KA) outperforms mechanical alignment (MA) in restoring patellar tracking to native patterns by using a clustering algorithm.MethodsTwenty cadavers (40 knees) were evaluated. For each cadaver, one knee was randomly assigned to KA and the other to MA. KA total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures were performed using a caliper‐verified technique, while MA TKA procedures utilized a measured resection technique. Subsequently, all specimens were mounted on a customized knee‐testing system, and patellar tracking was measured using a motion analysis system. All patellar tracking data were clustered using the density‐based spatial clustering of applications with noise algorithm. Differences in patellar tracking patterns and the restoration of native patellar tracking were compared between the two alignment strategies.ResultsPatellar tracking patterns following KA were considerably different from MA. Pre‐ and post‐TKA patellar tracking patterns following MA were grouped into separate clusters, whereas a substantial proportion of patellar tracking patterns following KA were grouped into the pre‐TKA dominant cluster. Compared to MA, a greater proportion of patellar tracking patterns following KA showed similar patterns to native knees (p < 0.05) and more patellar tracking patterns following KA paired with preoperative patterns (p < 0.01).ConclusionKA restored native patellar tracking patterns more closely compared to MA.Level of EvidenceLevel I, therapeutic study.
Restoration of the anterior compartment after robotic total knee arthroplasty significantly improves functional outcome and range of motion at 1 year
Authors: Kafelov Moussa , Batailler Cécile , Servien Elvire , Lustig Sébastien 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to assess the functional outcomes based on restoring the anterior compartment after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsThis retrospective study included 96 primary TKAs performed between 2021 and 2022. Functional positioning principles were applied using an image‐based robotic‐assisted system. The mean age was 69.2 ± 7.9 years. Knee Society Score (KSS), Kujala score, Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) and knee flexion were collected preoperatively and at 1 year. The depth difference between native and prosthetic trochlea was measured to assess anterior compartment restoration at full extension, 30°, 70° and 90° flexion. The global anterior compartment restoration combined the anterior compartment restoration and the patellar thickness restoration.ResultsThe trochlear offset was mostly understuffed after TKA compared to the native anatomy, mainly for medial and lateral condyles at 30° and 70° of flexion. The global anterior compartment restoration was understuffed in full extension (−0.7 mm ± 2), at 30° (−4.4 mm ± 2) and 70° of flexion (−3.6 mm ± 2.5). At 90°, the global anterior compartment restoration was overstuffed (2.2 mm ± 1.8). Functional scores were not significantly influenced by the anterior compartment stuffing at 0° and 30° (n.s.). The anterior compartment overstuffing at 70° and 90° was associated with decreased KSS function score (p = 0.009) and flexion (p = 0.04).ConclusionModerate anterior understuffing was frequently observed after TKA performed with functional positioning and an image‐based robotic‐assisted system. This understuffing did not influence the functional outcomes. The overstuffing of the anterior compartment led to a reduction in KSS function score and flexion measurements at 1 year.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective cohort study.
Collateral ligament strain is linearly related to coronal lower limb alignment: A biomechanical study
Authors: Peez Christian , Hägerich Luise Maria , Ruhl Felix , Klimek Matthias , Briese Thorben , Glasbrenner Johannes , Deichsel Adrian , Raschke Michael J. , Kittl Christoph , Herbst Elmar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of coronal lower limb alignment on collateral ligament strain.MethodsTwelve fresh‐frozen human cadaveric knees were used. Long‐leg standing radiographs were obtained to assess lower limb alignment. Specimens were axially loaded in a custom‐made kinematics rig with 200 and 400 N, and dynamic varus/valgus angulation was simulated in 0°, 30°, and 60° of knee flexion. The changes in varus/valgus angulation and strain within different fibre regions of the collateral ligaments were captured using a three‐dimensional optical measuring system to examine the axis‐dependent strain behaviour of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) at intervals of 2°.ResultsThe LCL and sMCL were exposed to the highest strain values at full extension (p < 0.001). Regardless of flexion angle and extent of axial loading, the ligament strain showed a strong and linear association with varus (all Pearson's r ≥ 0.98; p < 0.001) and valgus angulation (all Pearson's r ≥ −0.97; p < 0.01). At full extension and 400 N of axial loading, the anterior and posterior LCL fibres exceeded 4% ligament strain at 3.9° and 4.0° of varus, while the sMCL showed corresponding strain values of more than 4% at a valgus angle of 6.8°, 5.4° and 4.9° for its anterior, middle and posterior fibres, respectively.ConclusionThe strain within the native LCL and sMCL was linearly related to coronal lower limb alignment. Strain levels associated with potential ultrastructural damages to the ligaments of more than 4% were observed at 4° of varus and about 5° of valgus malalignment, respectively. When reconstructing the collateral ligaments, an additional realigning osteotomy should be considered in cases of chronic instability with a coronal malalignment exceeding 4°–5° to protect the graft and potentially reduce failures.Level of EvidenceThere is no level of evidence as this study was an experimental laboratory study.
Gender Differences in Domestic Responsibilities of Otolaryngologists—A Mixed‐Methods Analysis
Authors: Graham M. Elise , Aleksa Emily , Dzioba Agnieszka , Madou Edward , Chen Tanya , Strychowsky Julie E. , Hu Amanda , Chan Yvonne , Seemann Natashia M. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesFemale otolaryngologist‐head and neck surgeons (OHNS) confront unique barriers. This study examines the influence of home life, especially gendered division of household labor, on leadership, productivity, and burnout.MethodsA survey was distributed through social media and national society list‐serv. Demographics, responsibility for household roles, and Maslach Burnout Inventory for Medical Personnel were included. Participants were invited to participate in semi‐structured interviews, employing purposive sampling, with qualitative thematic analysis.ResultsResponse rate was 26.4% (145 of 550 of eligible participants; 38.7% women, 60.7% men). Significantly fewer women were married (64.3% vs. 92% of men, p < 0.001), and significantly more were childless (21.4% of women vs. 9.1% of men, p = 0.037). More men reported exclusive/major responsibility for five duties, including yard work and home maintenance (all p < 0.03). More women reported exclusive/major responsibility for 15 duties, including meal planning and coordinating childcare (all p < 0.03). Women had higher Emotional Exhaustion on univariate analysis (p = 0.015). Across 27 interviews, two main themes were identified, each with three associated subthemes: Theme one, “division of duties,” with subthemes (1) the way household duties were divided, (2) traditional gender norms, and 3. changing duties over time/unexpected circumstances. Theme two, “impact of domestic duties,” with subthemes (1) professional, (2) financial, and (3) burnout/life satisfaction.ConclusionsWomen OHNS disproportionately manage domestic responsibilities, possibly altering career trajectory for some OHNS. Burnout, especially emotional exhaustion, may be elevated due to inequitable labor. Future research should focus on identifying ways to improve equity for this group.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 134:S1–S12, 2024
Pediatric Esophageal Button Battery Protocol Reduces Time From Presentation to Removal
Authors: Goh Samantha , Siu Jennifer M. , Philteos Justine , James Adrian L. , Ostrow Olivia , McKinnon Nicole K. , Everett Tobias , Levine Mark , Whyte Hilary , Lam Christopher Z. , Propst Evan J. , Wolter Nikolaus E. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveEvaluate implementation of an institutional protocol to reduce the time to removal of esophageal button battery (BB) and increase use of mitigation strategies.MethodsWe developed a protocol for esophageal BB management [Zakai's Protocol (ZP)]. All cases of esophageal BB impaction managed at a tertiary care center before and after implementation from 2011 to 2023 were reviewed. Time to BB removal, adherence to critical steps, and use of mitigation strategies (honey/sucralfate, acetic acid) were evaluated.ResultsFifty‐one patients (38 pre‐ZP, 13 post‐ZP) were included. Median age was 2.3 years (IQR 1.3–3.4). After implementation, the time from arrival at the institution to arrival in the operating room (OR) reduced by 4.2 h [4.6 h (IQR 3.9–6.5) to 0.4 h (IQR 0.3–0.6), p < 0.001] and there was improvement in all management steps. The number of referrals direct to otolaryngology increased from 51% to 92%, arrival notification increased from 86% to 100%, avoidance of second x‐ray increased from 63% to 100%, and direct transfer to OR increased from 92% to 100%. Adherence to mitigation strategies such as preoperative administration of honey or sucralfate increased from 0% to 38%, intraoperative use of acetic acid from 3% to 77%, and nasogastric tube insertion from 53% to 92%.ConclusionImplementation of ZP substantially reduced the time to BB removal and the use of mitigation strategies in our tertiary care institution. Additional strategies focused on prevention of BB ingestion, and shortening the transfer time to the tertiary care hospital are required to prevent erosive complications.Level of Evidence3, Case‐series Laryngoscope, 134:5170–5177, 2024
Viral infection of coccolithophore host induces shifts in particulate organic matter stoichiometry
Authors: Dikstein Tamar , Antler Gilad , Pellerin André , Sharoni Shlomit , Frada Miguel J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBlooms of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa huxleyi (formerly Emiliania huxleyi) are routinely infected by a specific lytic virus (EhV) that kills host cells and drives bloom termination. However, the impact of EhV on nutrient retention and stoichiometric ratios of particulate organic matter remains unknown, limiting our current understanding of the biogeochemical significance of the G. huxleyi–EhV interaction. To tackle this knowledge gap, we surveyed both nitrate, phosphate, and alkalinity consumption by the cells, as well as the elemental composition (C : N : P) of particulate organic matter during infections in culture. We found that within 24 h of infection, alkalinity concentration in the solution stabilized, and nutrient uptake declined to low levels. In parallel, the molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen in particulate organic matter increased by 10–17% and the nitrogen to phosphorus ratio declined by 5–12% relative to the noninfected algal cultures. These variations likely resulted from intracellular lipid accumulation as part of viral infection as well as the differential retention of phosphorus‐rich macromolecular pools in decaying cells, respectively. After infection, as most host cells lysed, we detected a progressive enrichment in phosphorus and nitrogen relative to carbon in the remaining particulate organic matter, which could be attributed to the accumulation of colonizing heterotrophic bacteria with a distinct elemental composition. This study indicate that marine viruses influence the elemental stoichiometry and fate of phytoplankton‐born organic materials in the oceans.
Solvent Effects in Structural Engineering for Photoluminescent Low‐Dimensional Metal Halides
Authors: Gao Xiaowen , Guo Fengwan , Chen Rong , Lin Fang , Li Qi , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLow‐dimensional metal halides (LDMHs) represent a promising class of materials in various luminescent applications because of their self‐trapped exciton (STE) emissions with unique properties such as broad luminescence spectra, large Stokes shift, and high color rendition. LDMHs at the molecular level can be constructed, including 2D layers, 1D chains, and 0D clusters assembled by polyhedra units, all of which exhibit significantly different luminescence properties from 3D MHs. The dimensional regulation of LDMHs has been explored for years, including the choice of organic cations, modulating electron‐phonon coupling effect, and adding external temperature and pressure. Herein, this review discusses the synergy between structural engineering and solvent effects for LDMHs, including the emission mechanisms for LDMHs and the roles solvent molecules play in regulating the dimensions. In addition, challenges and opportunities for LDMHs are discussed to shed light on the future development of novel materials with multifunctional optical properties suitable for practical applications.
Associations of blood pressure in the third trimester and risk of venous thromboembolism postpartum
Authors: Li Qian , Wang Hongfei , Wang Huafang , Deng Jun , Cheng Zhipeng , Fan Fengjuan , Lin Wenyi , Zhu Ruiqi , Chen Shi , Guo Jinrong , Weng Yuxiong , Tang Liang V. , Hu Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStudies on the associations of blood pressure (BP) and the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) had been performed neither among pregnant women nor in Chinese population. This study included participants of pregnant women from a retrospective multicenter cohort, between May 2020 and April 2023. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) of the participants were measured in the third trimester. The incidences of VTE (including deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism) at 42 days postpartum were followed. With regards to SBP, pregnant women in the Q1 (≤114 mmHg), Q2 (115–122 mmHg), and Q4 group (≥131 mmHg) had increased risk of VTE than those in Q3 group (123–130 mmHg), with ORs 4.48 [1.69, 11.85], 3.52 [1.30, 9.59], and 3.17 [1.12, 8.99], respectively. Compared with pregnant women with the Q4 of DBP (≥85 mmHg), women of Q1 (≤71 mmHg) were found to have elevated risk of VTE (OR 2.73 [1.25, 5.96]). A one standard deviation decrease of DBP (9 mmHg) was related with 37% elevated risk of VTE (OR 1.37 [1.05, 1.79]). This study demonstrated a U‐shaped association of SBP in the third trimester and VTE postpartum and inverse association of DBP in the third trimester and VTE postpartum.