bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a coding algorithm to identify patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in an administrative database
Authors: Goldberg David S. , Lewis James D. , Halpern Scott D. , Weiner Mark G. , Re Vincent Lo 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeInternational Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM)‐based algorithms to identify patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been developed outside of the Veterans Affairs healthcare setting. The development and validation of such algorithms are necessary for the conduct of population‐based studies evaluating the epidemiology and comparative effectiveness and safety of therapies for HCC.MethodsWe queried electronic medical records at two tertiary care hospitals to identify patients with two ICD‐9‐CM diagnosis codes for a chronic liver disease and/or cirrhosis plus two ICD‐9‐CM codes for HCC. We determined the positive predictive value (PPV) of this algorithm by comparing it to diagnoses of HCC confirmed by expert medical record review.ResultsAmong 101 patients meeting the algorithm, 88 (PPV: 87.1%; 95% CI: 79.0–93.0%) had confirmed HCC. The algorithm's sensitivity was 91.7% among patients with confirmed HCC, and its specificity was 98.7% among chronic liver disease patients without HCC. Excluding patients who received systemic chemotherapy in the 12 months prior to or 6 months after the initial ICD‐9‐CM code in the algorithm, the PPV increased to 91.6% (87/95; 95% CI: 84.1–96.3%).ConclusionsThe presence of at least two ICD‐9‐CM codes for a chronic liver disease and/or cirrhosis plus two ICD‐9‐CM codes for HCC has a high PPV for identifying HCC cases. This simple, claims‐based algorithm can be used in future epidemiologic studies to examine risk factors for HCC and evaluate outcomes and adverse events of medical therapies prescribed for HCC patients. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erneuerbare Energie für Europa
Authors: Tröndle Tobias , Platt Ulrich , Aeschbach‐Hertig Werner , Pfeilsticker Klaus 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSoll Europas Elektrizitätsversorgung von konventioneller auf hundert Prozent erneuerbare Energie umgestellt werden, dann muss diese Energie hauptsächlich aus Sonne und Wind kommen. Damit wächst der schwankende Anteil in der Netzeinspeisung. Ein schrittweiser Umbau des europäischen Netzes und Kraftwerkparks auf hundert Prozent regenerativen Strom bis 2050 hätte deshalb zwei Konsequenzen. Zum einen muss die Überkapazität an vorhandener Kraftwerksleistung im Verhältnis zur im Jahresmittel nachgefragten Leistung im Netz vom heutigen Faktor 1,8 auf 3,4 ansteigen. Zum anderen erfordert das Ausgleichen der Schwankungen “Regelenergie”. Diese muss entweder aus regelbaren konventionellen Kraftwerken oder aus Energiespeichern kommen. Letzte Variante wäre voll regenerativ. Sie würde aber einen Ausbau der Speicherkapazität von heute 2,5 TWh auf 122 TWh oder 3,8 % des Jahresenergiebedarfs bei zwei Ladezyklen pro Jahr erfordern. Durch das Installieren zusätzlicher Erzeugerleistung kann dieser Speicherbedarf deutlich reduziert werden.
Werner Kolhörster: Pionier der Höhenstrahlungsforschung
Authors: Hoffmann Dieter 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObwohl in heutigen Darstellungen zur Entdeckungs‐ und Frühgeschichte der kosmischen Strahlung meist nur als Randfigur behandelt, gehört Werner Kolhörster zu den herausragenden Pionieren dieses Fachgebiets. Erst seine Ballon‐Hochfahrten haben die Hess'sche Entdeckung zweifelsfrei und in der Physikalischen Gemeinschaft unanfechtbar gemacht. Darüber hinaus wies er zusammen mit Walter Bothe die korpuskulare Natur der Strahlung nach und kann als Mitentdecker der großen Luftschauer gelten.
Leuchtendes Graphen
Authors: Engel Michael , Krupke Ralph 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDie steigende Anforderung an Übertragungskapazität optoelektronischer Bauelemente erfordert die Erforschung von neuartigen Nanomaterialien. Unserer Forschungsgruppe am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie in Zusammenarbeit mit Forschungsgruppen bei IBM und der Universität Cambridge ist es gelungen, Graphen an eine optische Mikrokavität zu koppeln. Damit konnten sowohl grundlegende physikalische Effekte studiert als auch wellenlängenselektive Emitter und Detektoren auf Basis von Graphen demonstriert werden.
Sicherheit für die Schifffahrt
Authors: Jacobi Manfred 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDer Physiknobelpreis des Jahres 1912 ging an den schwedischen Ingenieur und Erfinder Nils Gustaf Dalén (1869–1937) für die “Erfindung selbstwirkender Regulatoren”, die in Verbindung mit Gasakkumulatoren in Leuchttürmen und Leuchtbojen zum Einsatz kamen.
Von der Paul‐Falle zu Schrödingers Katze
Authors: Meschede Dieter 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDen diesjährigen Physik‐Nobelpreis erhielten zu gleichen Teilen Serge Haroche und David Wineland für ihre bahnbrechenden experimentellen Methoden, die es ermöglichen, individuelle Quantensysteme zu messen und zu manipulieren.
Explosionen in der Champagnerflöte
Authors: Vilgis Thomas 
Published: November 2012

Abstract“Sterne, Sterne, ich trinke Sterne” rief Dom Perignon verzückt, als ihm das erste Glas Champagner die Nase reizte und er davon probierte. So die Anekdote. Kohlendioxidbläschen und deren Spiel im Glas, auf der Zunge, in der Nase, ist der ganz besondere Reiz des Schaumweins. Was aber bewirkt das Perlen überhaupt?
Assessment of Damage of Glutathione by Glow Discharge Plasma at the Gas–Solution Interface through Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Ke Zhigang , Yu Zengliang , Huang Qing 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAlthough non‐thermal discharge plasma is more and more applied in biological field, the molecular mechanisms of plasma acting on biomolecules are still unclear, which are indispensable for understanding the plasma‐induced biological effects. In this work, discharge plasma at the gas–solution interface was employed to irradiate on reduced glutathione (GSH), the most abundant low molecular weight thiol‐containing antioxidant in cells. Through Raman spectroscopy, both the irreversible damage and reversible conversion of GSH to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were monitored in a non‐destructive fashion, so that the reaction kinetic processes through multi‐pathways could be evaluated quickly and quantitatively. Based on the experimental data, the reaction mechanism was discussed. magnified image
Lung function outcome at school age in very low birth weight children
Authors: Cazzato Salvatore , Ridolfi Livia , Bernardi Filippo , Faldella Giacomo , Bertelli Luca 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess pulmonary function and its predictors in very low birth weight (birth weight ≤1,500 g) children (VLBWc) with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), born at gestational age ≤32 weeks at a single tertiary center during 1996–1999, after the introduction of surfactant therapy.MethodsOf the 120 surviving VLBW children, 48 (40%) VLBWc (22 with prior‐BPD) at age 8.5 ± 1.0 years and 46 age‐matched controls (8.8 ± 1.4 years) born at term, underwent lung function study.ResultsAdjusted values (z‐score) of forced vital capacity (z‐FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (z‐FEV1), forced expiratory flow 25–75% (z‐FEF25–75), carbon monoxide lung diffusion capacity (z‐DLCO), and DLCO/alveolar volume (z‐DLCO/VA) were significantly lower than controls (mean difference, 95% CI: −1.35, −1.81 to −0.90, P < 0.001; −1.31, −1.73 to −0.90, P < 0.001; −0.87, −1.29 to −0.46, P < 0.001; −0.98, −1.72 to −0.23, P < 0.001; −0.70, −1.22 to −0.18, P < 0.05; respectively). Residual volume (z‐RV) and RV/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) ratio (%) were significantly higher in VLBWc than controls (mean difference, 95% CI: 1.06, 0.44 to 1.68, P < 0.001; 9.54%, 5.73 to 13.3%, P < 0.001; respectively). No differences were found in lung function between VLBWc (no‐BPD vs. BPD) with the exception of a significant higher RV/TLC ratio in the BPD‐subgroup (mean difference, 95% CI: 7.0%, 0.4 to 13%, P = 0.03). Lung function abnormalities were found in 30 (63%) VLBWc with evidence of airway obstruction and diffusing capacity impairment. A weak relationship was observed between gestational age with z‐FVC (r = 0.30, P = 0.04), birth weight with z‐FEV1 (r = 0.30, P = 0.04) and RV/TLC ratio (r = −0.49, P = 0.001). The duration of oxygen treatment correlated negatively with the z‐DLCO/Va (r = −0.5, P = 0.02). No differences were found in FeNO levels between VLBWc and controls.ConclusionVLBWc at school age showed lung function abnormalities characterized by airway obstruction, hyperinflation, and diffusion impairment. Neonatal lung damage together with preterm birth may play a role in worsening the functional respiratory outcome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:830–837. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nocturnal mouthpiece ventilation and medical hypnosis to treat severe obstructive sleep apnea in a child with cherubism
Authors: Khirani Sonia , Kadlub Natacha , Delord Vincent , Picard Arnaud , Fauroux Brigitte 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA 4‐year old boy presented severe obstructive sleep apnoea due to complete nasal obstruction secondary to cherubism. Because of anticipatory anxiety due to numerous surgical interventions, medical hypnosis was proposed to facilitate non‐invasive continuous positive pressure ventilation (CPAP) acceptance. CPAP by means of an oral interface was completely accepted after three hypnosis sessions and resulted in the correction of his obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. This report highlights the benefit of medical hypnosis in facilitating CPAP acceptance as well as the efficacy of mouthpiece ventilation in a severe form of cherubism with complete nasal obstruction. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:927–929. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on caregiver health related quality of life during the first 2 years of life
Authors: McGrath‐Morrow Sharon A. , Ryan Timothy , Riekert Kristin , Lefton‐Greif Maureen A. , Eakin Michelle , Collaco Joseph M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectivesPreterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) frequently require complex home medical regimens and re‐hospitalization during the first 2 years of life. The burden of caring for these medically complex children may negatively affect caregiver health related quality of life (HRQoL). The objectives of this study were to measure caregiver HRQoL of children with BPD and to identify factors that impact caregiver HRQoL during the first 2 years of life.MethodsChildren (n = 186) were recruited from the Johns Hopkins BPD Outpatient Clinic between January 2008 and July 2011. Caregiver HRQoL was measured using The PedsQLTM Family Impact Module. Respiratory symptoms and morbidities were assessed using questionnaires.ResultsAmong caregivers of BPD children, significant improvement in physical, worry, and daily domains improved longitudinally as children aged. An association was found between lower total HRQoL scores and caregivers of BPD children who reported more respiratory symptoms and acute care usage. No difference in total HRQoL scores was found between caregivers of BPD children requiring respiratory/enteral support and caregivers of children who did not. Caregiver income and educational level did not predict total HRQoL score, but Non‐White race and public insurance was associated with a higher total HRQoL score at the first outpatient visit.ConclusionAn association was found between lower HRQoL scores and caregivers of BPD children with frequent respiratory symptoms and acute care usage. Screening for low HRQoL in caregivers of BPD children with frequent respiratory illnesses should be considered to identify those who may benefit from additional support and intervention. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:579–586. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of glucocorticoids and idebenone on respiratory function in patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Buyse Gunnar M. , Goemans Nathalie , van den Hauwe Marleen , Meier Thomas 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) progressive weakness of respiratory muscles leads to a restrictive pulmonary syndrome that contributes to early morbidity and mortality. Currently no curative treatment exists for DMD. In a Phase II randomized placebo‐controlled study (DELPHI) in 21 DMD boys at age 8–16 years, idebenone (450 mg/d) showed trends of efficacy for cardiac and respiratory endpoints. Since the DELPHI study population comprised both glucocorticoid‐naïve subjects and glucocorticoid‐users, we now report a post‐hoc analysis investigating the effects of glucocorticoids and idebenone on markers of respiratory weakness, particularly peak expiratory flow (PEF) percent predicted (PEF%p). Baseline values of PEF%p correlated well with the percent predicted values for maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (MIP%p), forced vital capacity (FVC%p), and forced expired volume in 1 sec (FEV1%p). Baseline PEF%p and FVC%p were significantly higher in patients on concomitant glucocorticoids compared to glucocorticoid‐naïve patients. In the latter subgroup, idebenone caused a 8.0 ± 12.1% improvement in PEF%p, whilst patients on placebo declined by −12.3 ± 17.9% (P < 0.05) in the course of the 12 month study. In patients receiving concomitant glucocorticoids, PEF%p remained stable (−0.4 ± 14.6%) in the idebenone group compared to a decline by −6.2 ± 12.4% (P = 0.24) in the placebo group. Idebenone showed a trend for efficacy on FVC%p only in glucocorticoid‐naïve patients. Because of the study limitations, these data are exploratory and preclude any firm conclusions. In conclusion, PEF appears to be a sensitive respiratory function parameter that could be a valid and clinically relevant endpoint in intervention studies in DMD. In DELPHI the effect size of idebenone on PEF%p was significantly larger in steroid‐naive patients, possibly indicating a maximum treatment effect reached by steroids or steroid‐mediated suppression of idebenone's effects. The impact of standard care glucocorticoids on respiratory function will have to be considered in the planning of future interventional trials in DMD. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:912–920. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide and wheezing phenotypes in preschool children
Authors: Oh Mi‐Ae , Shim Jung Yeon , Jung Young‐Ho , Seo Ju‐Hee , Young Kim Hyung , Kwon Ji‐Won , Kim Byoung‐Ju , Kim Hyo Bin , Kim Woo Kyung , Lee So‐Yeon , Jang Gwang Cheon , Song Dae Jin , Kim Ha‐Jung , Shin Yee‐Jin , Park Jung‐Won , Cho Sang‐Heon , Lee Joo‐Shil , Hong Soo‐Jong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is a chronic lower airway inflammatory disease. Nitric oxide is an inflammatory mediator produced endogenously in the airway. Previous studies have demonstrated that the fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is increased in asthma.ObjectivesTo investigate if FeNO concentrations were correlated with wheezing phenotypes in preschool children and to compare the FeNO results with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and pulmonary function test (PFT) results.MethodsWe performed skin prick tests, methacholine provocation tests, PFT, impulse oscillometry bronchodilator response (IOS BDR) tests, and FeNO measurements in 372 preschool children between the ages of 4 and 6 years. Wheezing phenotypes were defined according to the age of onset and persistency.ResultsPersistent wheezers had higher FeNO levels than transient wheezers and non‐wheezers. Among persistent wheezers, those with atopy and AHR had significantly higher FeNO levels than those without atopy or AHR. FeNO levels were significantly higher in late‐onset wheezers than early‐onset wheezers and non‐wheezers. Among late‐onset wheezers, those with atopy and AHR had a significantly higher FeNO concentration than those without atopy or AHR as well as those with either atopy or AHR. However, there were no significant differences in AHR, PFT, or IOS BDR between persistent and transient wheezers or between late‐onset wheezers and early‐onset wheezers.ConclusionFeNO may be a better marker for asthma phenotypes in preschool children than AHR and PFT results. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:563–570. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Strain‐specific induction of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) in mice
Authors: Jackson Christopher M. , Flies Dallas B. , Mosse Claudio A. , Parwani Anil , Hipkiss Edward L. , Drake Charles G. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDProstatitis, a clinical syndrome characterized by pelvic pain and inflammation, is common in adult males. Although several induced and spontaneous murine models of prostatitis have been explored, the role of genetic background on induction has not been well‐defined.METHODSUsing a standard methodology for the induction of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP), we investigated both acute and chronic inflammation on several murine genetic backgrounds.RESULTSIn our colony, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice evinced spontaneous prostatitis that was not augmented by immunization with rat prostate extract (RPE). In contrast, the standard laboratory strain Balb/c developed chronic inflammation in response to RPE immunization. Development of EAP in other strains was variable.CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that Balb/c mice injected with RPE may provide a useful model for chronic prostatic inflammation. Prostate 73: 651–656, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selenoprotein P genetic variants and mrna expression, circulating selenium, and prostate cancer risk and survival
Authors: Penney Kathryn L. , Li Haojie , Mucci Lorelei A. , Loda Massimo , Sesso Howard D. , Stampfer Meir J. , Ma Jing 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDLow levels of selenium have been associated with increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Selenoprotein P is the most abundant selenoprotein in serum and delivers ten selenocysteine residues to tissues. Variation in the selenoprotein P gene (SEPP1) may influence PCa development or modify the effects of selenium. We examined the association of SEPP1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with PCa risk and survival, and tested for interactions.METHODSThe Physicians' Health Study (PHS) is a prospective cohort of 22,071 US physicians; we utilized a nested case–control study of 1,352 PCa cases and 1,382 controls. We assessed four SNPs capturing common variation within the SEPP1 locus. In a subset of men (n = 80), we evaluated SEPP1 mRNA expression in tumors.RESULTSTwo SNPs were significantly associated with PCa risk. For rs11959466, each T allele increased risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02,1.69; Ptrend = 0.03). For rs13168440, the rare homozygote genotype decreased risk compared to the common homozygote (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.96). Moreover, there was a significant interaction of rs13168440 with plasma selenium; increasing selenium levels were associated with decreased PCa risk only among men with the minor allele (Pinteraction = 0.01). SEPP1 expression was significantly lower in men with lethal PCa than long‐term survivors.CONCLUSIONSSEPP1 genetic variation was associated with PCa incidence; replication of these results in an independent dataset is necessary. These findings further support a causal link between selenium and PCa, and suggest that the effect of selenium may differ by genetics. Prostate 73: 700–705, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensitive ionization of non‐volatile analytes using protein solutions as spray liquid in desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhu Zhiqiang , Han Jing , Zhang Yan , Zhou Yafei , Xu Ning , Zhang Bo , Gu Haiwei , Chen Huanwen 
Published: November 2012

RATIONALEDesorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is the most popular ambient ionization technique for direct analysis of complex samples without sample pretreatment. However, for many applications, especially for trace analysis, it is of interest to improve the sensitivity of DESI‐mass spectrometry (MS).METHODSIn traditional DESI‐MS, a mixture of methanol/water/acetic acid is usually used to generate the primary ions. In this article, dilute protein solutions were electrosprayed in the DESI method to create multiply charged primary ions for the desorption ionization of trace analytes on various surfaces (e.g., filter paper, glass, Al‐foil) without any sample pretreatment. The analyte ions were then detected and structurally characterized using a LTQ XL mass spectrometer.RESULTSCompared with the methanol/water/acetic acid (49:49:2, v/v/v) solution, protein solutions significantly increased the signal levels of non‐volatile compounds such as benzoic acid, TNT, o‐toluidine, peptide and insulin in either positive or negative ion detection mode. For all the analytes tested, the limits of detection (LODs) were reduced to about half of the original values which were obtained using traditional DESI. The results showed that the signal enhancement is highly correlated with the molecular weight of the proteins and the selected solid surfaces.CONCLUSIONSThe proposed DESI method is a universal strategy for rapid and sensitive detection of trace amounts of strongly bound and/or non‐volatile analytes, including explosives, peptides, and proteins. The results indicate that the sensitivity of DESI can be further improved by selecting larger proteins and appropriate solid surfaces. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved reporter ion assignment of raw isobaric stable isotope labeled liquid chromatography/matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time‐of‐flight mass spectral data for quantitative proteomics
Authors: Jakoby Thomas , Tholey Andreas , van den Berg Bart H.J. 
Published: November 2012

RATIONALEIsobaric labeling strategies (e.g. iTRAQ or TMT) are commonly applied in tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) level quantitative proteomics. However, we frequently observed missing isotope reporter ion signals in a large‐scale liquid chromatography/matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time‐of‐flight mass spectrometric (LC/MALDI‐TOF/TOF) quantitative proteomics experiment. To understand this issue, we systematically investigated the processing of MS/MS spectra into peak lists prior to peptide identification and quantification.METHODSA 15‐protein standard, with six proteins in different concentrations, was labeled with iTRAQ 4‐plex, iTRAQ 8‐plex or TMT 6‐plex, tryptic digested and measured using LC/MALDI‐TOF/TOF. Three commercially and open‐source available peak list generation software tools were compared based on missing reporter ions, peptide identification and quantification.RESULTSWe found that each tool discarded lower‐intensity reporter ions, when they followed a higher intensity reporter ion, due to the implemented de‐isotoping algorithms. By using the non‐de‐isotoping setting within TS2Mascot, we found that all reporter ions are exported, yet less peptides were identified with Mascot. Therefore, we developed a strategy merging the de‐isotoped and non‐de‐isotoped outputs from TS2Mascot using the Perl script RICmerge.pl.CONCLUSIONSWith this approach, we correctly quantified all labeled peptides that were identified within the 15‐protein standard. This strategy allows improved annotation of isobaric tag labeled peptide MS/MS spectra and improves downstream peptide and protein quantification in proteomics studies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.