bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choledochal Cyst Originating from Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in a Child
Authors: Tseng Wei-Lung , Lin Hao-Yu , Lin Wen-Hsi , Lai Hong-Shiee 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Choledochal cysts are common in Asian children. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), which is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis and may lead to bile duct stricture over the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile duct, is rare in children. Here we report a case of a 10-year-old boy who presented with a choledochal cyst originating from PSC. He had suffered from repeated abdominal pain and cholangitis for 3 years. A type IV choledochal cyst was suspected from the ultrasound and computed tomography image showing a distended gallbladder and dilatation of the bilateral intrahepatic duct at the hepatic hilar area and common bile duct (CBD). During laparotomy, a markedly distended gallbladder was noted and was shown to have no communication with the CBD by intraoperative cholangiogram. Choledochal cysts with extrahepatic and intrahepatic duct dilatation at the hilar area and marked stenosis with nearly total obstruction of the distal CBD were noted. Hepaticojejunostomy was performed. The histopathologic findings demonstrated a typical PSC picture. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful for 8 months after surgery, and he received no medication during a regular follow-up.
Laparoscopic Surgical Treatment for Patients With Short- and Long-Segment Barrett's Esophagus: Which Technique in Which Patient?
Authors: Braghetto Italo , Korn Owen , Valladares Héctor , Debandi Aníbal , Díaz Juan Carlos , Brunet Luis 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Laparoscopic antireflux surgery is very successful in patients with short-segment Barrett's esophagus (BE), but in patients with long-segment BE, the results remain in discussion. In these patients, during the open era of surgery, we performed acid suppression + duodenal diversion procedures added to the antireflux procedure (fundoplication + vagotomy + antrectomy + Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy) to obtain better results at long-term follow-up. The aim of this prospective study is to present the results of 3 to 5 years' follow-up in patients with short-segment and long-segment or complicated BE (ulcer or stricture) who underwent fundoplication or the acid suppression–duodenal diversion technique, both performed by a laparoscopic approach. One hundred eight patients with histologically confirmed BE were included: 58 patients with short-segment BE, and 50 with long-segment BE, 28 of whom had complications associated with severe erosive esophagitis, ulcer, or stricture. After surgery, among patients treated with fundoplication with cardia calibration, endoscopic erosive esophagitis was observed in 6.9% of patients with short-segment BE, while 50% of patients with long-segment BE presented with positive acid reflux, persistence of endoscopic esophagitis with intestinal metaplasia, and progression to dysplasia (in 5% of cases; P  =  0.000). On the contrary, after acid suppression–duodenal diversion surgery in patients with long-segment BE, more than 95.6% presented with successful results regarding recurrent symptoms and endoscopic regression of esophagitis. Regression of intestinal metaplasia to the cardiac mucosa was observed in 56.9% of patients with short-segment BE who underwent fundoplication and in 61% of those with long-segment BE treated with the acid suppression–duodenal diversion procedure. Patients with long-segment BE who experienced fundoplication alone presented no regression of intestinal metaplasia; on the contrary, progression to dysplasia was observed in 1 case (P  =  0.049). Patients with short-segment BE can be successfully treated with fundoplication, but for patients with long-segment BE, we suggest performance of fundoplication plus an acid suppression–duodenal diversion procedure.
Current Status of Hair Restoration Surgery
Authors: Caroli Shobit , Pathomvanich Damkerng , Amonpattana Kulakarn , Kumar Anand 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Hair restoration has emerged as a subspecialty of aesthetic plastic surgery practiced by a wide range of doctors including plastic surgeons, general surgeons, dermatologists, and even general practitioners. As a current trend, most doctors practice “Ultrarefined follicular unit hair transplantation” in which the entire procedure is done precisely with minimal donor scar. In selected cases, Mega or even Giga sessions are now done with natural appearance and almost undetectable scar, in a single session with good density. This article is an attempt to review the history of hair restoration surgery, describe a novel technique currently practiced in our center, and summarize possible future innovations.
Malignant Transformation of Benign Intraosseous Schwannoma in the Cervical Spine: A Case Report with an Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Peng Xinsheng , Chen Liyan , Du Hong , Lai Yingrong , Li Fobao , Zou Xuenong 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Although 3% to 30% of lesions in von Recklinghausen disease undergo malignant transformation, malignant transformation of benign solitary schwannoma is extremely rare. We reported a case of recurrence and malignant transformation in a benign intraosseous schwannoma arising in the cervical spine of a 44-year-old man. The patient presented giant tumor in the C3 vertebral body with aggressive, expansile, and osteolytic destruction and relapsed 2 years after surgical resection and spinal reconstruction. Clinical data, radiologic characteristics, surgical management, histopathologic and immunohistochemical features were noted in the duration of follow-up. The local recurrence, nuclear pleomorphism, epithelioid differentiation, a small number of positive S-100 protein-staining cells, and especially the high percentage of positive cells with p53 (80%) and Ki-67 (75%) proteins support the aggressive nature of the lesion in malignant transformation of benign intraosseous schwannoma in the cervical spine. Immunohistochemistry would be useful as an ancillary technique in diagnosis. It is our practice to suggest that such case has to be carefully resected and the patient followed up.
Crisis Communication: An Inequalities Perspective on the 2010 Boston Water Crisis
Authors: Galarce Ezequiel M. , Viswanath K. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjective: Although the field of crisis risk communication has generated substantial research, the interaction between social determinants, communication processes, and behavioral compliance has been less well studied. With the goal of better understanding these interactions, this report examines how social determinants influenced communications and behavioral compliance during the 2010 Boston, Massachusetts, water crisis.Methods: An online survey was conducted to assess Boston residents' knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, mass and interpersonal communication, and preventive behaviors on emergency preparedness topics dealing with the water crisis. Of a total sample of 726 respondents, approximately one-third (n = 267) reported having been affected by the water crisis. Only data from affected participants were analyzed.Results: Following an order to boil water, 87.5% of respondents refrained from drinking unboiled tap water. These behaviors and other cognitive and attitudinal factors, however, were not uniform across population subgroups. All communication and behavioral compliance variables varied across sociodemographic factors.Conclusions: Crisis communication, in conjunction with other public health preparedness fields, is central to reducing the negative impact of sudden hazards. Emergency scenarios such as the Boston water crisis serve as unique opportunities to understand how effectively crisis messages are conveyed to and received by different segments of the population.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:349-356)
Haitian Earthquake Relief: Disaster Response Aboard theUSNS Comfort
Authors: Walk Ryan M. , Donahue Timothy F. , Stockinger Zsolt , Knudson M. Margaret , Cubano Miguel , Sharpe Richard P. , Safford Shawn D. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjective:The Haitian earthquake of January 12, 2010, was a disaster essentially unprecedented in the Western Hemisphere's recorded history. TheUSNS Comfortdeparted from Baltimore, Maryland, within 72 hours of the earthquake and arrived in Port-au-Prince harbor on January 19. During the subsequent 40 days, the ship provided one of the largest relief efforts in the US Navy's history.Methods:The data analyzed included all patients evaluated and treated by theUSNS Comfortbetween January 19 and February 27, 2010. A medical chart with a unique identifier was created for each patient on admission. A patient database was created from these records and used for this analysis.Results:A total of 872 patients and 185 patient escorts were processed aboard the ship. Ages ranged from younger than 1 day to 89 years: 635 were adults and 237 were children. Of those admitted, 817 of the patients were admitted for longer than 24 hours; the average length of stay was 8.0 days. The need for surgery was substantial: 454 patients went to the operating room (OR) 843 times for 927 cumulative procedures. A total of 58 patients underwent amputations.Conclusions:Haiti was almost completely reliant on foreign medical teams for trauma care. Analysis of the data illustrates the challenges of triage and treatment in a humanitarian mass-casualty response. The remarkable coordination and cooperation among the Haitian Ministry of Health, nongovernmental humanitarian aid organizations, and the US military highlighted the responders' respective capabilities and demonstrated the importance of collaboration in future disaster response efforts.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:370–377)
Electrospinning of Functionalized Copolymer Nanofibers from Poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐methyl methacrylate)
Authors: El‐Aassar M. R. , Fouda Moustafa M. G. , Kenawy El‐Refaie 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTElectrospinning has been recognized as a feasible process for fabrication of continuous fibers with diameters ranging from several micrometers to a few nanometers. In the present study, electrospinning of acrylonitrile (AN) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) copolymer in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent has been investigated. Poly(AN‐co‐MMA) nanofiber was modified and functionalized through introducing terminal amine groups by polyethyleneimine (PEI). Factors affecting the functionalizing process such as the PEI concentration and incubation time with PEI have been studied. Its influence on the amount of the coupled amine group in the nanofibers. PEI, with the highest concentration of amino groups, has been used as a carrier in a number of industrial immobilized bio‐systems. The poly(AN‐co‐MMA) nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermal characterization, and FT‐IR spectroscopic analysis, before and after the functionalization process © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 2013, 32, 21329; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21329
Improvement in Oil Absorbency by Using Modified Carbon Nanotubes in Preparation of Oil Sorbents
Authors: Pourjavadi Ali , Doulabi Malihe 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThis article reports the first oil‐absorbent cross‐linked copolymer consisting of modified multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and showing high oil absorbency. Also, to investigate and evaluate the effective parameters on oil absorbency, cross‐linked dodecyl methacrylate (DDMA)–diphenylacrylamide (DPAA) and DDMA–butyl acrylate (BA) copolymers were synthesized. DDMA was copolymerized with different mol% of DPAA or BA and cross‐linked using azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator and various weight percentages of 1,4‐butandiol dimethacrylate, methylene bisacrylamide, or vinyl group–modified MWCNT cross‐linkers. The effects of monomer feed composition, cross‐linker concentration, and the hydrophobicity of the copolymer units on swelling properties of the cross‐linked copolymers were studied through the oil‐absorbency tests. It was found that in the reactions used vinyl group–modified MWCNTs act as cross‐linking agents for the free radical polymerization, carbon nanotubes (CNT) played the other roles, that is, as a comonomer and an adsorbent. The oil absorbents containing CNTs showed the highest oil absorbency (toluene, 42.6 g; crude oil, 36.0 g/g oil absorbent). Therefore, CNT‐based oil absorbent can be introduced as a promising candidate for environmental protection and oil recovery. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 2013, 32, 21332; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21332
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Morphological Characterization of Chiral Poly(amide–imide) Nanostructures in Molten Ionic Liquid Salt
Authors: Mallakpour Shadpour , Zadehnazari Amin 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTIonic liquids (ILs) are outstanding microwave‐absorbing agents due to their high ionic conductivity and polarizability, thus leading to a high heating rate and considerably shortened reaction time. In this study, a series of novel chiral poly(amide–imide) (PAI) nanostructures with hydroxyphenyl pendant units in the side chain were prepared with excellent yields via a simple microwave heating method using molten tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as a molten IL and triphenyl phosphite as the condensing agent. The polymerization proceeded well in molten TBAB and PAIs were obtained with high yields and moderate inherent viscosities ranging from 0.32 to 0.49 dL/g. The obtained PAIs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific rotation, powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, and in some cases by 1H NMR technique. The FE‐SEM micrographs and XRD showed that the synthesized PAIs were nanostructured and amorphous polymers that nanosize particles are in the range of 66–78 nm. The effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the size of polymer particles was also investigated. The transparent and flexible thin films based on PAI nanostructures were obtained by a casting technique, and their properties were studied. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 2013, 32, 21333; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21333
Electrospinning core‐shell nanofibers for interfacial toughening and self‐healing of carbon‐fiber/epoxy composites
Authors: Wu Xiang‐Fa , Rahman Arifur , Zhou Zhengping , Pelot David D. , Sinha‐Ray Suman , Chen Bin , Payne Scott , Yarin Alexander L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis article reports a novel hybrid multiscale carbon‐fiber/epoxy composite reinforced with self‐healing core‐shell nanofibers at interfaces. The ultrathin self‐healing fibers were fabricated by means of coelectrospinning, in which liquid dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) as the healing agent was enwrapped into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to form core‐shell DCPD/PAN nanofibers. These core‐shell nanofibers were incorporated at interfaces of neighboring carbon‐fiber fabrics prior to resin infusion and formed into ultrathin self‐healing interlayers after resin infusion and curing. The core‐shell DCPD/PAN fibers are expected to function to self‐repair the interfacial damages in composite laminates, e.g., delamination. Wet layup, followed by vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique, was used to process the proof‐of‐concept hybrid multiscale self‐healing composite. Three‐point bending test was utilized to evaluate the self‐healing effect of the core‐shell nanofibers on the flexural stiffness of the composite laminate after predamage failure. Experimental results indicate that the flexural stiffness of such novel self‐healing composite after predamage failure can be completely recovered by the self‐healing nanofiber interlayers. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was utilized for fractographical analysis of the failed samples. SEM micrographs clearly evidenced the release of healing agent at laminate interfaces and the toughening and self‐healing mechanisms of the core‐shell nanofibers. This study expects a family of novel high‐strength, lightweight structural polymer composites with self‐healing function for potential use in aerospace and aeronautical structures, sports utilities, etc. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
The nuclear import machinery is a determinant of influenza virus host adaptation
Authors: Resa‐Infante Patricia , Gabriel Gülsah 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAfter viral entry into the cell, the nuclear envelope poses a major cellular barrier that needs to be overcome upon adaptation of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) to the new host. To ensure efficient viral transcription and replication in the nucleus of the host cell, the viral polymerase complex of avian influenza viruses needs to switch from recognition of avian to mammalian components of the nuclear import machinery. Recent evidence suggests that influenza viruses have evolved different mechanisms to utilize importin‐α isoforms as components of this machinery, bridging pre‐ and post‐nuclear import on both sides of the nuclear envelope.
Explanatory Factors of Integrated Sustainability and Financial Reporting
Authors: Frias‐Aceituno José V. , Rodríguez‐Ariza Lázaro , Garcia‐Sánchez Isabel M. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe complexity of the business world has led to growing demands being made of companies regarding the information provided on their financial performance, corporate governance and contribution to developing sustainability. In response, some leading companies have begun to publish integrated reporting, in the form of a document providing a coherent summary of this information, thus facilitating stakeholder engagement.This paper examines the validity of the hypotheses of the theories of agency and of signalling, and analyses the political costs and those borne by owners in voluntarily developing this new type of business document. More specifically, in order to determine their prevalence among the suggested reasons for these paradigms, we analyse the effect of industry concentration, together with other factors, in the development of integrated reporting.The analysis of a non‐balanced sample of 1590 international companies for the years 2008–2010, in which a logistic regression methodology is applied to panel data, reveals the negative impact of industry concentration on the development of a more pluralist report, simultaneously taking into account stakeholders, sustainability and the long‐term viewpoint, as well as questions of responsible investment, business ethics and transparency. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Anti‐human‐cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G levels in glioma risk and prognosis
Authors: Susan Amirian E. , Marquez‐Do Deborah , Bondy Melissa L. , Scheurer Michael E. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in glioma development and progression remains controversial. The purpose of our study was to assess the potential associations between anti‐HCMV antibodies (immunoglobulin G [IgG] and immunoglobulin M [IgM]) and glioma risk and prognosis using data from the Harris County Case–Control Study. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between glioma status and antibody levels among glioma cases (n = 362) and cancer‐free controls (n = 462). Hazard ratios and 95% CIs were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for age, race, and sex, to determine if antibody levels were associated with survival over time among cases. Among IgG‐positive participants, increasing anti‐HCMV IgG levels were associated with decreasing glioma risk (P for trend = 0.0008), and those with the lowest level of anti‐HCMV IgG (<10 U/mL) had the highest glioma risk, controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity (OR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.42–4.43). Antibody levels were not associated with survival among glioma cases. Our study contributes new evidence toward the potential importance of the direct and indirect effects of HCMV infection in gliomagenesis.
Influence of the Lime Slurry Droplet Spectrum on the Efficiency of Semi‐Dry Flue Gas Desulfurization
Authors: Katolicky J. , Jicha M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics is presented to predict the efficiency of a semi‐dry flue gas desulfurization process. The Euler‐Lagrange particle tracking method is used to predict both evaporation and mass transfer between the flue gas and the lime slurry droplets. The overall desulfurization process is split into two periods, i.e. the constant‐rate and the falling‐rate period, during which the fundamental chemical reaction between sulfur dioxide and calcium hydroxide is modeled. The absorption efficiency is calculated for different spray characteristics, taking into account different size spectra of the lime slurry droplets characterized by different standard deviations for a constant mass mean diameter d50 of 25 μm. The results are compared with published experiments and show excellent agreement as well as a significant role of the spray characteristics in the FGD efficiency.
Spirulina platensisCulture with Flue Gas Feeding as a Cyanobacteria‐Based Carbon Sequestration Option
Authors: Arata S. , Strazza C. , Lodi A. , Del Borghi A. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe scientific community is currently examining potential approaches in order to reduce the anthropical contributions to global warming. One approach is carbon capture and its storage, i.e., capturing CO2 at its source and storing it indefinitely to avoid its release into the atmosphere. Conversion of CO2 by microalgae or cyanobacteria is a sequestration option. Here, the application of an air‐lift reactor to flue gas treatment using cyanobacteria for the absorption of CO2 was investigated, with the simultaneous abatement of NOx. A Spirulina platensis culture was fed with CO2 and NOx, simulating a flue gas. The preliminary test yielded positive indications on the process feasibility, both in terms of cell productivity (86.8 mg L–1d–1) and CO2 abatement (229 mg d–1). Opportune dosages of flue gas used in fed‐batch test achieved a high abatement of CO2 (407 mg d–1), 90.0 % removal of NOx, and a biomass production of 188.7 mg L–1d–1.
Decolorization of Methyl Orange Dye at IrO2‐SnO2‐Sb2O5 Coated Titanium Anodes
Authors: Chaiyont R. , Badoe C. , Ponce de León C. , Nava J. L. , Recio F. J. , Sirés I. , Herrasti P. , Walsh F. C. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA film of iridium and tin dioxides doped with antimony oxide (IrO2‐SnO2‐Sb2O5) was deposited onto Ti mesh and plate substrates by the Pechini method. The electrode surface morphology and composition were characterized by SEM‐EDS. The ternary oxide coating was used for the anodic oxidation of methyl orange (MO) azo dye. Linear sweep voltammetry was used to identify the electrode potentials that favour MO degradation. Batch electrolyses were then carried out at a constant electrode potential of 1.5, 1.75 and 2.0 V vs. SHE using either a three‐electrode batch cell or a flow reactor. The dye solutions were totally decolorized via reactive oxygen species, such as •OH, H2O2 and O3 formed in situ from water oxidation at the Ti/IrO2‐SnO2‐Sb2O5 surface.