bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet Inhibitory Effect of Clopidogrel in Patients Treated With Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, and Famotidine: A Prospective, Randomized, Crossover Study
Authors: Arbel Yaron , Birati Edo Y. , Finkelstein Ariel , Halkin Amir , Kletzel Hanna , Abramowitz Yigal , Berliner Shlomo , Deutsch Varda , Herz Itzhak , Keren Gad , Banai Shmuel 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundConcerns about an inhibitory effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on clopidogrel metabolism have been raised. Because the pharmacological effect of clopidogrel is dependent on genetically determined activity of the hepatic cytochrome P450 isoenzymes system, it is important to examine the interaction between different PPIs and high on‐treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) after controlling for genetic variability. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of 2 PPIs and a histamine‐2 (H2) receptor‐blocker on platelet reactivity in a crossover trial where each patient was alternately treated with each drug.HypothesisOmeprazole reduces HPR more than other PPI or H2 blockers.MethodsPatients treated with aspirin and clopidogrel for at least 1 month were assigned to 3 consecutive 1‐month treatment periods during which they were treated with each of the 3 study medications twice daily: omeprazole 20 mg, famotidine 40 mg, and pantoprazole 20 mg. At the end of each treatment phase, platelet function was evaluated with the Verify Now system using 2 cutoff values (>208 P2Y12 reaction units [PRUs] and >230 PRUs) for the definition of HPR.ResultsPatients with HPR were older than those without HPR (62 ± 10 vs 55 ± 8 years, respectively, P = 0.03). HPR was more prevalent during omeprazole therapy compared to famotidine or pantoprazole (48%, 33%, and 31%, respectively, for the 208 PRU cutoff, P= 0.04; and 37%, 17%, and 23%, respectively, for the 230 PRU cutoff, P= 0.003).ConclusionsAfter eliminating the effects of interindividual variability in clopidogrel metabolism, omeprazole therapy was associated with substantially more HPR than famotidine or pantoprazole.
Adsorption of Water on an MgSO4(100) Surface: A First‐Principles Investigation
Authors: Luo Jin‐Hua , Zhang Yun‐Hong , Li Ze‐Sheng 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe adsorption properties of water molecules on an MgSO4(100) surface were investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) and supercell models. Optimized stable geometries of one and more than one water molecules adsorbed on an ideal MgSO4(100) surface were obtained. The configurations with water molecules adsorbed on atoms of the second and third atomic layers of the MgSO4(100) surface are quite stable. After adsorption, the separations between both the adjacent Mg atoms (RMgMg) and the adjacent O atoms of the surface (ROO) increase, which indicates that the MgSO4(100) surface starts to deliquesce. In addition, water molecules are more likely to adsorb onto a defective surface rather than an ideal surface. Mulliken population analysis suggests that fewer charges transfer to the water molecule from the Mg atom of a defective substrate. Finally, Raman spectra were calculated for 0.5, 1, and 2 ML (ML=monolayer) water adsorbed on an MgSO4(100) surface, which is helpful for further related experiments.
An image information hiding algorithm based on grey system theory
Authors: Huang Haiping , Huang Shichao , Chen Jiutian , Wang Ruchuan , Xiong Jianhui 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYOn the basis of grey system theory, an image information hiding algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, to choose the blocks of rich texture, a method based on two‐dimensional grey relational analysis is designed; making use of the improved GM(1,1) prediction model, the secret image is compressed losslessly, and then scrambled by means of time‐division multiplexing method in communication theory. Block discrete cosine transform is applied to the chosen blocks, and coefficients of mid frequencies are chosen as the embedded data, whereas the embedding intensity is determined on the basis of human visual system, and the embedding capacity of sub‐blocks can be controlled by its two‐dimensional grey relational grade adaptively. The experiment results show that the algorithm cannot only achieve satisfactory invisibility and robustness, but also improve the payload of the cover image, and meanwhile solve the problem that the small capacity of traditional algorithms in transform domain efficiently. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eating disorder risk behavior and dental implications among adolescents
Authors: Hermont Ana Paula , Pordeus Isabela Almeida , Paiva Saul Martins , Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães , Auad Sheyla Márcia 
Published: April 2013

ObjectiveTo compare the occurrence of tooth erosion (TE) and dental caries (DC) in adolescents with and without risk behavior for eating disorders (EDs).MethodA controlled cross‐sectional study involving 1,203 randomly selected female students aged 15–18 years was conducted in Brazil. Risk behavior for EDs was evaluated through the Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh and dental examinations were performed.ResultsThe prevalence of risk behavior for EDs was 6%. Twenty adolescents (1.7%) were identified with severe risk behavior for EDs and matched to 80 adolescents without such risk. Among the severe risk group, 45% of adolescents were affected by TE and 80% by DC compared with 8.8 and 51.3%, respectively, in the matched group. Adolescents with severe risk had higher chances for TE (OR = 10.04; 95% CI = 2.5–39.4).DiscussionIn this study, a severe risk behavior for EDs was significantly associated with TE, but not with DC. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:677–683)
Mechanistic Studies on the Reaction of Nitrocobalamin with Glutathione: Kinetic Evidence for Formation of an Aquacobalamin Intermediate
Authors: Walker David T. , Dassanayake Rohan S. , Garcia Kamille A. , Mukherjee Riya , Brasch Nicola E. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe essential but also toxic gaseous signaling molecule nitric oxide is scavenged by the reduced vitamin B12 complex cob(II)alamin. The resulting complex, nitroxylcobalamin [NO–‐Cbl(III)], is rapidly oxidized to nitrocobalamin (NO2Cbl) in the presence of oxygen; however, it is unlikely that nitrocobalamin is itself stable in biological systems. Kinetic studies on the reaction between NO2Cbl and the important intracellular antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), are reported. In this study, a reaction pathway is proposed in which the β‐axial ligand of NO2Cbl is first substituted by water to give aquacobalamin (H2OCbl+), which then reacts further with GSH to form glutathionylcobalamin (GSCbl). Independent measurements of the four associated rate constants k1, k–1, k2, and k–2 support the proposed mechanism. These findings provide insight into the fundamental mechanism of ligand substitution reactions of cob(III)alamins with inorganic ligands at the β‐axial site.
Macrocyclic Effects in the Mesomorphic Properties of Liquid‐Crystalline Pillar[5]‐ and Pillar[6]arenes
Authors: Nierengarten Iwona , Guerra Sebastiano , Holler Michel , Karmazin‐Brelot Lydia , Barberá Joaquín , Deschenaux Robert , Nierengarten Jean‐François 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWhereas the reaction of 1,4‐bis(2‐bromoethyloxy)benzene (4) with paraformaldehyde in the presence of BF3·Et2O afforded exclusively the cyclopentameric pillar[5]arene derivative (5), both cyclopenta‐ and cyclohexameric macrocycles 5 and 6 were obtained when the reaction of 4 with paraformaldehyde was performed at 45 °C in CHCl3 with FeCl3 as the catalyst. Treatment of compounds 4–6 with sodium azide provided the corresponding polyazides, to which a cyanobiphenyl building block was subsequently grafted to generate model compound 1, pillar[5]arene 2, and pillar[6]arene 3, bearing two, ten and twelve mesomorphic subunits, respectively. The liquid‐crystalline and thermal properties of the compounds were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Comparison of the liquid‐crystalline properties of macrocycles 2 and 3 with those of 1 revealed the strong influence of the macrocyclic pillar[n]arene core on the mesomorphic properties. Whereas only a monotropic mesophase was observed for 1, a broad enantiotropic mesophase was evidenced for both pillar[n]arene derivatives.
Passive sampling for target and nontarget analyses of moderately polar and nonpolar substances in water
Authors: Allan Ian J. , Harman Christopher , Ranneklev Sissel B. , Thomas Kevin V. , Grung Merete 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

The applicability of silicone rubber and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as passive sampling materials for target and nontarget analyses of moderately polar and nonpolar substances was assessed through a field deployment of samplers along a small, polluted stream in Oslo, Norway. Silicone and LDPE samplers of identical surface area (but different volumes) were deployed at 6 sites in the River Alna for 49 d. Quantitative target analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (quadrupole, single-ion monitoring mode) demonstrated that masses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine compounds absorbed in the 2 polymeric materials were consistent with the current understanding of the control and mode of accumulation in these sampler materials. Some deviation was observed for decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and may be linked to the large molecular size of this substance, resulting in lower diffusivity in the LDPE. Target and nontarget analyses with gas chromatography coupled to high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry allowed the identification of a wide range of chemicals, including organophosphate compounds (OPCs) and musk compounds (galaxolide and tonalid). Semiquantitative analysis revealed enhanced quantities of the OPCs in silicone material, indicating some limitation in the absorption and diffusion of these substances in LDPE. Overall, silicone allows nontarget screening analysis for compounds with a wider range of log octanol–water partition coefficient values than what can be achieved with LDPE. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1718–1726. © 2013 SETAC
Wie die Senioren der Zukunft wohnen
Authors: Kramer Caroline , Pfaffenbach Carmella 
Published: April 2013

AbstractFit und aktiv: Wer heute 50 ist, hat andere Ansprüche und Möglichkeiten für den eigenen Ruhestand als die jetzigen Rentner. Human‐ und Kulturgeographen untersuchen, in welcher Weise sich dadurch Wohnformen und Lebensstile verändern.
Mit beiden Ohren in der Welt
Authors: Unterstell Rembert 
Published: April 2013

AbstractGrundlagennah und anwendungsorientiert: Oldenburger Forscher um den Physiker und Mediziner Birger Kollmeier nutzen das räumliche Hören, um binaurale Hörgeräte zu entwickeln. Das hat ihnen jüngst den „Deutschen Zukunftspreis”︁ eingetragen.
The use of traits-based approaches and eco(toxico)logical models to advance the ecological risk assessment framework for chemicals
Authors: Van den Brink Paul J , Baird Donald J , Baveco Hans (JM) , Focks Andreas 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This article presents a framework to diagnose and predict the effects of chemicals, integrating 2 promising tools to incorporate more ecology into ecological risk assessment, namely traits-based approaches and ecological modeling. Traits-based approaches are used increasingly to derive correlations between the occurrence of species traits and chemical exposure from biological and chemical monitoring data. This assessment can also be used in a diagnostic way, i.e., to identify the chemicals probably posing the highest risks to the aquatic ecosystems. The article also describes how ecological models can be used to explore how traits govern the species-substance interactions and to predict effects at the individual, population, and community and ecosystem level, i.e., from the receptor to the landscape level. This can be done by developing models describing the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of the chemical in the individual, the life-history of species and the connectivity of populations, determining their recovery, and the food web relations at the community and ecosystem level that determine the indirect effects. Special attention is given on how spatial aspects can be included in the ecological risk assessments using ecological models. The components of the framework are introduced and critically discussed. We describe how the different tools and data generated through experimentation (laboratory and semifield) and biomonitoring can be integrated. The article uses examples from the aquatic compartment, but the concepts that are used, and their integration within the framework, can be generalized to other environmental compartments. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013;9:e47–e57. © 2013 SETAC
Use of new scientific developments in regulatory risk assessments: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Tarazona Jose V 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Since the 1990s, science based ecological risk assessments constitute an essential tool for supporting decision making in the regulatory context. Using the European REACH Regulation as example, this article presents the challenges and opportunities for new scientific developments within the area of chemical control and environmental protection. These challenges can be sorted out in 3 main related topics (sets). In the short term, the challenges are directly associated with the regulatory requirements, required for facilitating a scientifically sound implementation of the different obligations for industry and authorities. It is important to mention that although the actual tools are different due to the regulatory requirements, the basic needs are still the same as those addressed in the early 1990s: understanding the ecological relevance of the predicted effects, including the uncertainty, and facilitating the link with the socio-economic assessment. The second set of challenges covers the opportunities for getting an added value from the regulatory efforts. The information compiled through REACH registration and notification processes is analyzed as source for new integrative developments for assessing the combined chemical risk at the regional level. Finally, the article discusses the challenge of inverting the process and developing risk assessment methods focusing on the receptor, the individual or ecosystem, instead of on the stressor or source. These approaches were limited in the past due to the lack of information, but the identification and dissemination of standard information, including uses, manufacturing sites, physical-chemical, environmental, ecotoxicological, and toxicological properties as well as operational conditions and risk management measures for thousands of chemicals, combined by the knowledge gathered through large scale monitoring programs and spatial information systems is generating new opportunities. The challenge is liking predictions and measured data in an integral “-omic type” approach, considering collectively data from different sources and offering a complete assessment of the chemical risk of individuals and ecosystems, with new conceptual approaches that could be defined as “risk-omics based” paradigms and models. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013;9:e85–e91. © 2013 SETAC
ESTIMATION OF CENSORED PANEL‐DATA MODELS WITH SLOPE HETEROGENEITY
Authors: Abrevaya Jason , Shen Shu 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYThis paper considers estimation of censored panel‐data models with individual‐specific slope heterogeneity. The slope heterogeneity may be random (random slopes model) or related to covariates (correlated random slopes model). Maximum likelihood and censored least‐absolute deviations estimators are proposed for both models. The estimators are simple to implement and, in the case of maximum likelihood, lead to straightforward estimation of partial effects. The rescaled bootstrap suggested by Andrews (Econometrica2000;68: 399–405) is used to deal with the possibility of variance parameters being equal to zero. The methodology is applied to an empirical study of Dutch household portfolio choice, where the outcome variable (portfolio share in safe assets) has corner solutions at zero and one. As predicted by economic theory, there is strong evidence of correlated random slopes for the age profiles, indicating a heterogeneous age profile of portfolio adjustment that varies significantly with other household characteristics. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elongation of textile pelvic floor implants under load is related to complete loss of effective porosity, thereby favoring incorporation in scar plates
Authors: Otto Jens , Kaldenhoff E. , Kirschner‐Hermanns R. , Mühl Thomas , Klinge Uwe 
Published: April 2013

AbstractUse of textile structures for reinforcement of pelvic floor structures has to consider mechanical forces to the implant, which are quite different to the tension free conditions of the abdominal wall. Thus, biomechanical analysis of textile devices has to include the impact of strain on stretchability and effective porosity. Prolift® and Prolift + M®, developed for tension free conditions, were tested by measuring stretchability and effective porosity applying mechanical strain. For comparison, we used Dynamesh‐PR4®, which was designed for pelvic floor repair to withstand mechanical strain. Prolift® at rest showed moderate porosity with little stretchability but complete loss of effective porosity at strain of 4.9 N/cm. Prolift + M® revealed an increased porosity at rest, but at strain showed high stretchability, with subsequent loss of effective porosity at strain of 2.5 N/cm. Dynamesh PR4® preserved its high porosity even under strain, but as consequence of limited stretchability. Though in tension free conditions Prolift® and Prolift + M® can be considered as large pore class I meshes, application of mechanical strain rapidly lead to collapse of pores. The loss of porosity at mechanical stress can be prevented by constructions with high structural stability. Assessment of porosity under strain was found helpful to define requirements for pelvic floor devices. Clinical studies have to prove whether devices with high porosity as well as high structural stability can improve the patients' outcome. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 1079–1084, 2014.
Bone and Skeletal Muscle: Neighbors With Close Ties
Authors: DiGirolamo Douglas J , Kiel Douglas P , Esser Karyn A 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

The musculoskeletal system evolved in mammals to perform diverse functions that include locomotion, facilitating breathing, protecting internal organs, and coordinating global energy expenditure. Bone and skeletal muscles involved with locomotion are both derived from somitic mesoderm and accumulate peak tissue mass synchronously, according to genetic information and environmental stimuli. Aging results in the progressive and parallel loss of bone (osteopenia) and skeletal muscle (sarcopenia) with profound consequences for quality of life. Age-associated sarcopenia results in reduced endurance, poor balance, and reduced mobility that predispose elderly individuals to falls, which more frequently result in fracture because of concomitant osteoporosis. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the parallel development and involution of these tissues is critical to developing new and more effective means to combat osteoporosis and sarcopenia in our increasingly aged population. This perspective highlights recent advances in our understanding of mechanisms coupling bone and skeletal muscle mass, and identify critical areas where further work is needed.
Cell proliferation is promoted by compressive stress during early stage of chondrogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs
Authors: Wang Yating , Wang Jun , Bai Ding , Song Jinlin , Ye Rui , Zhao Zhihe , Lei Lei , Hao Jin , Jiang Chunmiao , Fang Shanbao , An Shu , Cheng Qian , Li Juan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe presence of an appropriate number of viable cells is prerequisite for successive differentiation during chondrogenesis. Chondrogenic differentiation has been reported to be influenced by mechanical stimuli. This research aimed to study the effects of cyclic compressive stress on cell viability of rat bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BMSCs) during chondrogenesis as well as its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that dynamic compression increased cell quantity and viability remarkably in the early stage of chondrogenesis, during which the expression of Ihh, Cyclin D1, CDK4, and Col2α1 were enhanced significantly. Possible signal pathways implicated in the process were explored in our study. MEK/ERK and p38 MAPK were not found to function in this process while BMP signaling seemed to play an important role in the mechanotransduction during chondrogenic proliferation. In conclusion, dynamic compressive stress could enhance cell viability during chondrogenesis, which might be achieved by activating BMP signaling. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1935–1942, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Akt inhibition promotes hexokinase 2 redistribution and glucose uptake in cancer cells
Authors: Neary Catherine L. , Pastorino John G. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractHexokinase II (HK2), the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of glycolysis, is overexpressed in many cancers, as is the central signaling kinase Akt. Akt activity promotes HK2 association with the mitochondria, as well as glucose uptake by cancer cells. In HeLa cervical cancer cells, Akt inhibitor IV (Ai4) increased nuclear HK2 localization, while in MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, Ai4 merely induced cytoplasmic redistribution without increased nuclear accumulation. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against Akt confirmed the effect in HeLa cells. Next, we treated the cells with clotrimazole (CTZ), which detaches HK2 from the mitochondria, or leptomycin B (LMB), which promotes HK2 nuclear accumulation, and determined the effect on HK2 subcellular distribution. In both cell lines, CTZ detached HK2 from the mitochondria, without substantially increasing nuclear HK2, while LMB increased nuclear HK2, without redistributing cytoplasmic HK2. Contrary to expectations, Akt inhibition promoted glucose uptake in both cell lines, suggesting that Akt inhibition may increase glucose uptake by detaching HK2 from the mitochondria. In both cell lines, CTZ and LMB increased glucose uptake. However, the results in the HeLa cells showed greater effects: CTZ increased glucose uptake to a similar degree to Ai4, while LMB was far more effective than either. These data suggest that both detachment of HK2 from the mitochondria and increased nuclear HK2 are important for Ai4‐induced increased glucose uptake. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1943–1948, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.