bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully Acoustic Telemetry System Improves Cost Efficiency and Safety in DSTs for Deepwater
Authors: Wakabayashi D. , Dias F. , Marcançola F. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The Drillstem Test (DST) is an important process used to gain knowledge and understanding about a reservoir, from identifying the characteristics of its oil and gas, to production planning, extending as well to the commercial viability of the entire reservoir. Since 1920, the need to better understand reservoir conditions has driven numerous technology developments throughout different generations. These technologies have helped define reservoirs in harsh conditions. Through the continued search for innovative DST solutions for the challenging deepwater scenario, a new generation of DST tools was successfully achieved. This technological package of downhole tools were influenced mainly by the communication method applied. The acoustic telemetry system is the backbone of the downhole tool network system, providing an efficient and effective bi-directional communication link between the data acquisition computer in the rig control cabin and the tools located down hole. This paper presents how wireless acoustic control of drill-stem test tools can improve cost efficiency and safety in DST operations by: Reducing risks associated with the use of annulus pressure to actuate downhole toolsReducing casing-pressure limitations by using lower applied annulus pressureReducing and, in some cases, eliminating the use of wireline operations in the wellAcoustic signal not affected by mud weightAllowing optimization of the operations by providing real time data monitoringAllowing accurate status feedback and diagnostic from the down hole tools, reducing uncertaintiesReducing the duration of each period of the operation can potentially reduce rig timeAdding redundancy capabilities (tools can operate with means other than acoustic as backup)Comparing with wireline based systems in allowing real-time data acquisition during all the periods of the operationReducing number of personnel necessary in the rig by allowing remote access and analysis of the data
The system was first-time deployed in a semi-submersible rig in a pre-salt region of southeast Brazil. The fully controlled operations included: Opening tester valve for flowClosing tester valve for buildupOpening circulation portsActuating downhole samplersAcquiring real-time pressure and temperature dataTransmitting real-time data to customer officeAnalyzing data in real-time
This paper will discuss how this new full telemetry acoustic system elevated testing operations to a higher performance level, improving cost efficiency and safety in DSTs for deepwater application.
The Transmuted Marshall-Olkin Fr\'{e}chet Distribution: Properties and Applications
Authors: Z. Afify Ahmed , Hamedani G. G. , Ghosh Indranil , Mead M. E. 
Published: October 2015

<p>This paper introduces a new four-parameter lifetime model, which extends the Marshall-Olkin Fr\'{e}chet distribution introduced by Krishna et al. (2013), called the transmuted Marshall-Olkin Fr\'{e}chet distribution. Various structural properties including ordinary and incomplete moments, quantile and generating function, R\'{e}nyi and q-entropies and order statistics are<br />derived. The maximum likelihood method is used to estimate the model parameters. We illustrate the superiority of the proposed distribution over other existing distributions in the literature in modeling two real life data sets.</p>
L’émergence du « féminisme territorial »
Authors: Semblat Marie-Lise 
Published: October 2015

Le présent article porte sur le féminisme « territorial », un concept issu d’une analyse portant sur les nouveaux groupes de femmes rurales. Ce concept s’applique aux pratiques territorialisées de groupes qui, croisant les dimensions spatiale et sociale du développement, traduisent tout à la fois d’autres expressions du développement et l’émergence d’un nouveau féminisme que nous avons nommé « territorial ». Opérationnalisé par le réseau Aster-International, le concept est bien vivant, car, après avoir figuré parmi les thèmes du plaidoyer du Monde selon les femmes (Bruxelles) en mars 2008, il est devenu une hypothèse du programme de recherche du CRESS-Lessor de l’Université de Bretagne. Ce sont les actions de terrain et des démarches collectives en développement local, en coopération européenne et internationale menées par des femmes qui ont conduit l’auteure à analyser les pratiques repérées et à les théoriser dans le cadre d’une recherche pour le doctorat. À partir de constats issus du vécu et de l’observé, une démarche systématique de recherche (entretiens et groupes de discussion) a été mise en oeuvre en France, en Grèce et en Irlande, mais aussi au Canada francophone.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease update for the primary care physician
Authors: Mitz Howard S 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common ailments that can decrease quality of life to below that of patients with congestive heart failure. Patients can present with typical, atypical, or serious symptoms, either alone or in combination. History, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and 24-hour pH monitoring can help with the diagnosis; but all are not needed for each patient. This clinical review will help primary care physicians to make a rapid diagnosis, guide subsequent treatment, and indicate when to order additional testing or referral, or both.
Alzheimer's disease diagnosis
Authors: Dinsmore Steven T 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This section reviews some of the more prominent alternate causes of dementia that need to be excluded when pursuing a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In practice, this exclusion cannot be done with 100% precision. Consequently, the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is approximately 85%. Brain biopsy, which is seldom performed in practice, is the only method of moving diagnostic accuracy to near 100%. There is yet no intervention that halts or reverses the underlying pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, so the invasive brain biopsy is rarely justified to confirm a diagnosis.
Caring for the caregivers
Authors: Galluzzi Katherine E 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Although direct care of the patient with Alzheimer's disease remains the focus of the physician's concern, the importance of evaluating and responding to the needs of that patient's caregivers cannot be ignored. Osteopathic physicians provide a truly holistic approach to treatment of the patient with Alzheimer's disease when that treatment includes the care of the entire family. This article provides a brief overview of the major issues affecting caregiving for the patient with Alzheimer's disease. It describes the warning signs of caregiver burnout; and it provides guidelines for accessing resources available to assist the caregivers.
Feasibility of Using Ultrasonography to Establish Relationships Among Sacral Base Position, Sacral Sulcus Depth, Body Mass Index, and Sex
Authors: Lockwood Michael D. , Kondrashova Tatyana , Johnson Jane C. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Context: Identifying relationships among anatomical structures is key in diagnosing somatic dysfunction. Ultrasonography can be used to visualize anatomical structures, identify sacroiliac landmarks, and validate anatomical findings and measurements in relation to somatic dysfunction. As part of the osteopathic manipulative medicine course at A.T. Still University–Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, first-year students are trained to use ultrasonography to establish relationships among musculoskeletal structures.

Objectives: To determine the ability of first-year osteopathic medical students to establish sacral base position (SBP) and sacral sulcus depth (SSD) using ultrasonography and to identify the relationship of SBP and SSD to body mass index (BMI) and sex.

Methods: Students used ultrasonography to obtain the distance between the skin and the sacral base (the SBP) and the distance between the skin and the tip of the posterior superior iliac spine bilaterally. Next, students calculated the SSD (the distance between the tip of the posterior superior iliac spine and the SBP). Data were analyzed with respect to side of the body, BMI, sex, and age. The BMI data were subdivided into normal (18-25 mg/kg) and overweight (25-30 mg/kg) groups.

Results: Ultrasound images of 211 students were included in the study. The SBP was not significantly different between the left and right sides (36.5 mm vs 36.5 mm; P=.95) but was significantly different between normal and overweight BMI categories (33.0 mm vs 40.0 mm; P<.001) and between men and women (34.1 mm vs 39.0 mm; P<.001). The SSD was not significantly different between left and right sides (18.9 mm vs 19.8 mm; P=.08), normal and overweight BMI categories (18.9 mm vs 19.7 mm, P=.21), or men and women (19.7 mm vs 19.0 mm; P=.24). No significant relationship was identified between age and SBP (P=.46) or SSD (P=.39); however, the age range was narrow (21-33 years).

Conclusion: The study yielded repeatable and reproducible results when establishing SBP and SSD using ultrasonography. The statistically significant relationship between SBP and higher BMI and between SBP and female sex may point to more soft tissue overlaying the sacrum in these groups. Further research is needed on the use of ultrasonography to establish criteria for somatic dysfunction.
Incidence of Somatic Dysfunction in Healthy Newborns
Authors: Waddington Erica L. , Snider Karen T. , Lockwood Michael D. , Pazdernik Vanessa K. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Context: Recent evidence suggests that osteopathic manipulative treatment of somatic dysfunction in newborns may decrease complications and hospital length of stay. Such dysfunction may result from external forces related to the birth process, but its incidence is unknown.

Objective: To identify the incidence and patterns of somatic dysfunction in healthy newborns at least 6 hours after birth and to correlate those findings with maternal and labor history, gestational age, and findings of the initial newborn assessment performed immediately after birth.

Methods: Healthy newborns aged 6 to 72 hours were physically examined and assessed for somatic dysfunction, including asymmetry and motion restriction of the cranial, cervical, lumbar, and sacral regions. The total somatic dysfunction identified was summarized in a somatic dysfunction severity score (SDSS), calculated by assigning 1 point for each identified finding; the SDSS could range from 0 (no somatic dysfunction) to 34 (all somatic dysfunctions assessed present). Findings were correlated with maternal and newborn characteristics and labor history. Descriptive analyses were performed, and findings were compared between the initial newborn assessment and the research examination.

Results: One hundred newborns were examined (mean gestational age, 38.5 weeks). In 99 newborns (99%), at least 1 sphenobasilar synchondrosis strain pattern was present, with sidebending rotations being the most common (present in 63 newborns [63%]). Condylar compression was found in 95 newborns (95%), temporal bone restrictions in 85 (85%), motion restriction of at least 1 cervical vertebral segment in 91 (91%) and at least 1 lumbar vertebral segment in 94 (94%), and a posterior sacral base in 80 (80%). The SDSS was not associated with mode of delivery or labor augmentation (P=.49 and P=.54, respectively), but it was positively associated with the duration of labor; each 1-hour increase in labor increased the predicted SDSS by 0.12 points (P=.04).

Conclusion: Somatic dysfunction of the cranial, cervical, lumbar, and sacral regions was common in healthy newborns, and the total somatic dysfunction (SDSS) was related to the length of labor. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01496872)
Achilles Tendon Disorders
Authors: Saini Sundeep S. , Reb Christopher W. , Chapter Megan , Daniel Joseph N. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Disorders of the Achilles tendon, the largest tendon in the human body, are common and occur in both active and sedentary persons. A thorough history and physical examination allow primary care physicians to make an accurate diagnosis and to initiate appropriate management. Mismanaged or neglected injuries markedly decrease a patient’s quality of life. A growing body of related literature is the basis for current therapeutic regimens, which use a multimodal conservative approach, including osteopathic manipulative treatment. Although primary care physicians can manage most cases of Achilles tendon disorders, specialty care may be needed in certain instances. Procedural intervention should consider any comorbid conditions in addition to patients’ lifestyle to help guide decision making. When appropriately managed, Achilles tendon disorders generally carry a favorable prognosis.
Development of Peer Tutoring Services to Support Osteopathic Medical Students’ Academic Success
Authors: Swindle Nicholas , Wimsatt Leslie 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Context: Peer tutoring can benefit both tutors and tutored students, but information is lacking regarding establishing and measuring outcomes of such a program at new medical schools.

Objective: To examine the outcomes of a pilot peer tutoring initiative and explore the implications for long-term program development.

Methods: Fifty-one osteopathic medical students who participated in a pilot peer tutoring program during the 2013-2014 academic year were surveyed regarding satisfaction with the program. Course grade means for the tutors (all courses) and tutored students (specific courses) were analyzed before and after participating in the tutoring experience. Data analyses were performed using frequency distributions, t tests, and qualitative assessment of emergent themes.

Results: The survey had a 76% response rate (39 of 51 students). Both tutored students and tutors were satisfied with the tutoring program. Statistically significant changes in course grades for the tutored courses were noted at 3 to 4 and 8 to 9 months among the tutored students who were most at risk for failure (P=.001). Tutor course grades showed no significant changes for any of the courses in which they were enrolled (P=.445).

Conclusion: Learning gains were realized by the students at greatest academic risk. Additional research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes.
Crystals of Knowledge Production. An Intercontinental Conversation about Open Science and the Humanities
Authors: Stern Niels , Guédon Jean-Claude , Jensen Thomas Wiben 
Published: October 2015

<p>In this article two scholars engage in a conversation about open access and open science in research communication with a specific focus on the Humanities. </p><p>The two scholars have very different points of departure. Whereas Jean-Claude Guedón has been a professor of Literature in North-America for many years and part of the open access movements since its beginning, Thomas Wiben Jensen is in the early part of his carreer and fairly new to the concept of open access. </p><p>The conversation begins with a focus on the Danish national strategy for open access and this strategy's consquenses for the journal NyS where Thomas Wiben is part of the editorial board. However, the conversation brings the reader on an unexpected journey through the history of science communication and through alternative ways of understanding knowledge production as frozen moments or crystals in the Great Conversation of science.</p><p>It is the hope of the editor and the contributors that the conversation can lead to a debate about innovative ways of communicating and distributing scientific results. </p>
Synoptic conditions related to soil moisture‐atmosphere interactions and unorganized convection in Oklahoma
Authors: Ford Trent W. , Quiring Steven M. , Frauenfeld Oliver W. , Rapp Anita D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAtmospheric modification by anomalously dry or wet soils can both enhance and suppress convective activity. However, the local‐scale and mesoscale feedback governing soil moisture‐precipitation coupling are embedded within the larger synoptic‐scale environment. Despite their importance, synoptic‐scale atmospheric conditions are rarely considered in studies examining soil moisture‐atmosphere interactions. We combine self‐organizing maps of 500 hPa geopotential height, spatial synoptic classification, and Hybrid Single‐Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model air mass trajectories to determine if the synoptic‐scale environment affects the ability of the land surface to force unorganized convection in Oklahoma. We identify several synoptic patterns that significantly impact the frequency of unorganized convection. Synoptic patterns characterized by midlevel troughs over the Southern Great Plains are less frequently associated with unorganized convective events. These patterns exhibit cool air advection in the midlevel and lower level of the atmosphere and are linked to suppression of convective activity. The synoptic patterns characterized by 500 hPa ridging over the study region are more frequently associated with unorganized convective events. These patterns likely result in increased net radiation, vapor pressure deficit, and more homogenously dry soils. Unorganized convective events that occur during these synoptic conditions initiate preferentially over dry soils. We present evidence that the synoptic‐scale environment can influence whether and how the land surface has an impact on convection.
Seasonal winter forecasts and the stratosphere
Authors: Scaife A. A. , Karpechko A. Yu. , Baldwin M. P. , Brookshaw A. , Butler A. H. , Eade R. , Gordon M. , MacLachlan C. , Martin N. , Dunstone N. , Smith D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe investigate seasonal forecasts of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and their relationship with the stratosphere. Climatological frequencies of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) and strong polar vortex (SPV) events are well represented and the predicted risk of events varies between 25 and 90% from winter to winter, indicating predictability beyond the deterministic range. The risk of SSW and SPV events relates to predicted NAO as expected, with NAO shifts of −6.5 and +4.8 hPa in forecast members containing SSW and SPV events. Most striking of all is that forecast skill of the surface winter NAO vanishes from these hindcasts if members containing SSW events are excluded.
Morphology and aggregation of RADA‐16‐I peptide Studied by AFM, NMR and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Bagrov Dmitry , Gazizova Yuliya , Podgorsky Victor , Udovichenko Igor , Danilkovich Alexey , Prusakov Kirill , Klinov Dmitry 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTRADA‐16‐I is a self‐assembling peptide which forms biocompatible fibrils and hydrogels. We used molecular dynamics simulations, atomic‐force microscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and thioflavin T binding assay to examine size, structure, and morphology of RADA‐16‐I aggregates. We used the native form of RADA‐16‐I (H‐(ArgAlaAspAla)4‐OH) rather than the acetylated one commonly used in the previous studies. At neutral pH, RADA‐16‐I is mainly in the fibrillar form, the fibrils consist of an even number of stacked β‐sheets. At acidic pH, RADA‐16‐I fibrils disassemble into monomers, which form an amorphous monolayer on graphite and monolayer lamellae on mica. RADA‐16‐I fibrils were compared with the fibrils of a similar peptide RLDL‐16‐I. Thickness of β‐sheets measured by AFM was in excellent agreement with the molecular dynamics simulations. A pair of RLDL‐16‐I β‐sheets was thicker (2.3 ± 0.4 nm) than a pair of RADA‐16‐I β‐sheets (1.9 ± 0.1 nm) due to the volume difference between alanine and leucine residues. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 72–81, 2016.
Metabolism‐Activated Multitargeting (MAMUT): An Innovative Multitargeting Approach to Drug Design and Development
Authors: Mátyus Péter , Chai Christina L. L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMultitargeting is a valuable concept in drug design for the development of effective drugs for the treatment of multifactorial diseases. This concept has most frequently been realized by incorporating two or more pharmacophores into a single hybrid molecule. Many such hybrids, due to the increased molecular size, exhibit unfavorable physicochemical properties leading to adverse effects and/or an inappropriate ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) profile. To avoid this limitation and achieve additional therapeutic benefits, here we describe a novel multitargeting strategy based on the synergistic effects of a parent drug and its active metabolite(s). The concept of metabolism‐activated multitargeting (MAMUT) is illustrated using a number of examples.
An examination of fitness costs of glyphosate resistance in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea
Authors: Debban Catherine L. , Okum Sara , Pieper Kathleen E. , Wilson Ariana , Baucom Regina S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFitness costs are frequently invoked to explain the presence of genetic variation underlying plant defense across many types of damaging agents. Despite the expectation that costs of resistance are prevalent, however, they have been difficult to detect in nature. To examine the potential that resistance confers a fitness cost, we examined the survival and fitness of genetic lines of the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea, that diverged in the level of resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. We planted a large field experiment and assessed survival following herbicide application as well as fitness of the divergent selection lines in the absence of the herbicide. We found that genetic lines selected for increased resistance exhibited lower death compared to control and susceptible lines in the presence of the herbicide, but no evidence that resistant lines produced fewer seeds in the absence of herbicide. However, susceptible lines produced more viable seeds than resistant or control lines, providing some evidence of a fitness cost in terms of seed germination, and thus potential empirical support for the expectation of trait trade‐offs as a consequence of adaptation to novel environments.
Investigation of the Corey Bromolactamization with N‐Functionalized Allylamines
Authors: Schulte Adrian , Janich Simon , Würthwein Ernst‐Ulrich , Saito Susumu , Wünsch Bernhard 
Published: October 2015

N‐Allylamines were employed for the diastereoselective synthesis of 8‐bromo‐substituted, cis‐configured perhydroquinoxalines and β‐bromoalcohols. The yield and constitution of the products depend considerably on the functionalization of the allylic N‐atom. Herein the reaction of glycine‐derived cyclohex‐2‐enamines 5 under bromolactamization conditions (LiOtBu, NBS) is reported. Methyl carbamate 5a led diastereoselectively to the cis‐configured perhydroquinoxaline 6a, whereas the amides 5b and 5c provided cis,trans‐configured ‐bromoalcohols 7b and 7c. Based on high level theoretical calculations (DFT) factors controlling the cyclization of lithiated intermediates and the relative energies of possible products are discussed.