bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When past meets present: the relationship between website‐induced nostalgia and well‐being
Authors: Cox Cathy R. , Kersten Mike , Routledge Clay , Brown Erin M. , Van Enkevort Erin A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe present research examined whether social media websites increase feelings of nostalgia, and whether this nostalgic reverie promotes psychological and social health. Specifically, in comparison to control conditions, participants exposed to the websites Dear Old Love and Dear Photograph reported greater feelings of nostalgia (Studies 1–3), positive affect (Studies 1 and 3), life satisfaction (Study 1), and relationship need satisfaction (Study 2). Further, mediational analyses revealed that increased thoughts of nostalgia heightened subjective well‐being and social connectedness. Study 3 showed that the relationship between nostalgia and positive affect was specific to the Dear Photograph website and did not generalize to any website focused on close relationships. The implications of this research for nostalgia, internet use, and well‐being are further discussed.
Using Real Activities to Avoid Goodwill Impairment Losses: Evidence and Effect on Future Performance
Authors: Filip Andrei , Jeanjean Thomas , Paugam Luc 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe examine whether managers postpone the recognition of goodwill impairment by manipulating cash flows and the consequences of such a strategy on future performance. According to SFAS 142, an impairment loss must be recognized if the reporting unit's total fair value to which goodwill has been allocated is less than its book value. A growing body of empirical evidence shows that managers delay the recognition of goodwill impairment in accounting books. However, past literature is silent on how managers convince various gatekeepers (e.g., auditors, financial analysts) that recognizing an impairment loss is unnecessary although it seems economically justified. SFAS 142 requires managers to forecast future cash flows to justify the decision to recognize, or not, an impairment loss. Therefore, we predict that managers manipulate upward current cash flows to support their choice to avoid reporting an impairment loss. We also test whether or not this real earnings management is detrimental to future performance. Based on a sample of US firms over the period 2003–2011, we document that firms suspected of postponing goodwill impairment losses exhibit significantly positive discretionary cash flows compared to various control groups. We also find that this real activities manipulation is detrimental to future performance.
Management of dentine hypersensitivity: efficacy of professionally and self‐administered agents
Authors: West Nicola X. , Seong Joon , Davies Maria 
Published: December 2014

AbstractContextThe gold standard treatment modality for dentine hypersensitivity has not yet been established. This review examines the effectiveness of self and professionally applied treatments for the reduction in pain from dentine hypersensitivity.Materials and MethodsElectronic (three databases) and hand searches were performed 14–21 July 2014 to identify randomized controlled trials for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity.ResultsThis systematic review provided numerous treatment modalities for dentine hypersensitivity. Eleven agents and 105 Randomized Controlled Trials were robust enough to be included. The studies varied considerably in design, observation period, active agents, formulation of the whole agent, negative and positive controls and comparator products investigated. The stimuli used were predominantly airblast and tactile or thermal. Due to the heterogeneity between the studies and lack of direct comparison between agents there was insufficient data to undertake a meta‐analysis to compare agents for meaningful conclusions. Best available evidence for each treatment agent has been documented as a narrative.ConclusionsTreatments including stannous fluoride, arginine, calcium sodium phosphosilicate and strontium toothpaste appear to be clinically effective for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity compared to comparators and controls. There is limited evidence to confirm the relative effectiveness of individual professionally applied agents.
Annual Research Review: Optimal outcomes of child and adolescent mental illness
Authors: Costello E. Jane , Maughan Barbara 
Published: December 2014

Background‘Optimal outcomes’ of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders may mean the best possible outcome, or the best considering a child's history. Most research into the outcomes of child and adolescent psychiatric disorder concentrates on the likelihood of adult illness and disability given an earlier history of psychopathology.MethodsIn this article, we review the research literature (based on a literature search using PubMed, RePORTand Google Advanced Scholar databases) on including optimal outcomes for young people with a history of anxiety, depression, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, or substance use disorders in childhood or adolescence. We consider three types of risks that these children may run later in development: future episodes of the same disorder, future episodes of a different disorder, and functional impairment. The impact of treatment or preventative interventions on early adult functioning is briefly reviewed.ResultsWe found that very few studies enabled us to answer our questions with certainty, but that in general about half of adults with a psychiatric history were disorder‐free and functioning quite well in their 20s or 30s. However, their chance of functioning well was less than that of adults without a psychiatric history, even in the absence of a current disorder.ConclusionsAmong adults who had a psychiatric disorder as a child or adolescent, about half can be expected to be disorder‐free as young adults, and of these about half will be free of significant difficulties in the areas of work, health, relationships, and crime. Optimal outcomes are predicted by a mixture of personal characteristics and environmental supports.
Validation of daily microincrement deposition in otoliths of juvenile and adult Peruvian anchovy Engraulis ringens
Authors: Plaza G. , Cerna F. 
Published: December 2014

Wild adult specimens of the Peruvian anchovy Engraulis ringens were captured and reared to validate the daily periodicity of otolith microincrement formation. The postcapture stress generated spontaneous spawning, making it possible to conduct a rearing trial on larvae first in an artificial nutrient‐enriched system (ANES) for 52 days followed by an artificial feeding regime in a culture tank until day 115 post‐hatch. Microincrements of the sagittal otoliths of sacrificed juveniles [mean ± s.d. total length (LT) = 5·13 ± 0·37 cm, range 5–6 cm; c.v. = 7·5%] showed very distinct light and dark zones. The slope of the relationship between the total number of increments after the hatch check and days elapsed after hatching was not significantly different from 1. The transfer from ANES to the artificial feeding regime induced a mark in the sagittal otoliths. The number of microincrements after this induced mark coincided with the number of days elapsed after the transfer date. In parallel experiments, adult E. ringens (mean ± s.d. LT = 14·92 ± 0·55 cm, range 13–16 cm) were exposed to one of two fluorescent marking immersion treatments with either alizarin red S (ARS; 25 mg l−1 per 6 h) or oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC; 200 mg l−1 per 10 h). The microincrements between fluorescent bands were distinct, ranging from 0·89 to 2·75 µm (mean ± s.d. =1·43 ± 0·28 µm; c.v. = 32%) and from 0·71 to 2·89 µm (1·53 ± 0·27 µm; c.v. = 35%) for ARS and OTC, respectively. The relationship between the number of microincrements between marks and the number of elapsed days for ARS and OCT treatments indicated that there was a significant correspondence between the number of increases observed and the number of days. Hence, daily microincrements of otoliths of E. ringens are likely to be formed in juveniles and adults under natural conditions.
How to Adapt the Implantation Technique for the New SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve Design
Authors: SCHYMIK GERHARD , SCHRÖFEL HOLGER , HEIMESHOFF MARTIN , LUIK ARMIN , THOENES MARTIN , MANDINOV LAZAR 
Published: December 2014

The new balloon‐expandable Edwards SAPIEN 3 THV has significant design improvements requiring adjustments in the implantation technique as compared to the previous generation SAPIEN XT. Basically, the new valve requires less oversizing due to the outer skirt, which, if positioned underneath the annulus, can reduce the occurrence and severity of paravalvular leak (PVL). As with any transcatheter vale, a thorough assessment of the device‐landing‐zone, the surrounding structures, and the distribution of calcifications is of vast importance. Once the SAPIEN 3 valve is positioned with the initial orientation of the middle balloon marker at the level of the leaflet hinge points, the outer skirt will remain under the annulus, despite the foreshortening of the lower inflow portion of the valve. If there is an incomplete apposition, the outer skirt can conform to the anatomy, close the gaps, and reduce the risk of PVL. When calcifications are located on the edges of the annulus, PVL is common with the SAPIEN XT THV but dramatically reduced with the SAPIEN 3 THV. If the calcification extends from the annulus into the entire LVOT, there is always an incomplete apposition of the either valve frame; however, the resulting PVL is reduced by the outer skirt of the SAPIEN 3. In 165 consecutive SAPIEN 3 patients, 89.7% (n = 145) had none or a trace PVL and there were no patients with moderate or severe PVL.The new generation SAPIEN 3 valve allows more challenging anatomies to be treated, requires less oversizing, and can reduce PVL. (J Interven Cardiol 2015;28:82–89)
Online colour training system for dental students: a comprehensive assessment of different training protocols
Authors: Liu M. , Chen L. , Liu X. , Yang Y. , Zheng M. , Tan J. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the training effect and to determine the optimal training protocol for a recently developed online colour training system. Seventy students participated in the evaluation. They first completed a baseline test with shade guides (SGT) and the training system (TST), and then trained with one of the three system training methods (Basic colour training for group E1, Vitapan Classical for E2, and Vitapan 3D‐Master for E3) or shade guides (group C1) for 4 days. The control group (C2) received no training. The same test was performed after training and they finally completed a questionnaire. The correct matches after training increased in three experimental groups and group C1. Among experimental groups, the greatest improvement of correct matching number was achieved by group E3 (4·00 ± 1·88 in SGT, 4·29 ± 2·73 in TST), followed by E2 (2·29 ± 2·73 in SGT, 3·50 ± 3·03 in TST) and E1 (2·00 ± 2·60 in SGT, 1·93 ± 2·96 in TST). The difference between E3 and E1 was statistically significant (P = 0·036 in SGT, 0·026 in TST). The total average training time was shorter in group E2 (15·39 ± 4·22 min) and E3 (17·63 ± 5·22 min), with no significant difference between them. Subjective evaluations revealed that self‐confidence in colour matching were improved greater in group C1 and E3. In conclusion, all tested sections of the system effectively improved students' colour‐matching ability. Among system training methods, Vitapan 3D‐Master showed the best performance; it enabled greater shade‐matching improvement, it saved time and was superior in subjective evaluations.
Effects of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) with different rates on autonomic nervous system responses and self‐reported levels of stress
Authors: Tanosoto T. , Bendixen K. H. , Arima T. , Hansen J. , Terkelsen A. J. , Svensson P. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryTo characterise self‐reported levels of stress and autonomic responses in healthy humans evoked by different rates of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT). Fifteen participants performed PASATs with different rates (3·6‐, 2·4‐, 1·6‐ or 1·2‐s intervals) and a control task, in random order. Correct responses, self‐reported levels of stress and autonomic responses to the PASATs were estimated. Increased PASAT rates were associated with decreases in correct responses (P < 0·001) and increases in self‐reported levels of stress (P < 0·001). For autonomic responses, significant changes were seen in 10 variables during 2·4‐s PASAT compared with the respective baseline; however, significant differences in relative changes from baseline were found between the 2·4‐s PASAT and control task only for mean RR‐intervals (P < 0·001), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0·002 and P = 0·006) and cardiac output (P < 0·001). Regarding comparison between the four PASATs, significant differences in the relative changes from baseline were seen between the 3·6‐s PASAT and faster PASATs, for example mean RR‐intervals, high‐frequency power and respiration rate; however, there were no differences between the faster PASATs. The autonomic responses during the PASATs with different rates were quite similar for the faster PASATs (intervals < 2·4 s); however, the slowest 3·6‐s PASAT evoked significantly less self‐reported stress and autonomic arousal compared with the faster PASATs. Standardization of the PASAT rate may be important for studies on autonomic nervous system function and self‐reported measures of stress. Future studies may test more complex interactions between stress, autonomic responses and pain responses.
Growth and haematological response of indigenous Venda chickens aged 8 to 13 weeks to varying dietary lysine to energy ratios
Authors: Alabi O. J. , Ng'ambi J. W. , Mbajiorgu E. F. , Norris D. , Mabelebele M. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThe effect of feeding varying dietary lysine to energy levels on growth and haematological values of indigenous Venda chickens aged 8 – 13 weeks was evaluated. Four hundred and twenty Venda chickens (BW 362 ± 10 g) were allocated to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Each treatment was replicated seven times, and each replicate had fifteen chickens. Four maize–soya beans‐based diets were formulated. Each diet had similar CP (150 g/kg DM) and lysine (8 g lysine/kg DM) but varying energy levels (11, 12, 13 and 14 MJ ME/kg DM). The birds were reared in a deep litter house; feed and water were provided ad libitum. Data on growth and haematological values were collected and analysed using one‐way analysis of variance. Duncan's test for multiple comparisons was used to test the significant difference between treatment means (p < 0.05). A quadratic equation was used to determine dietary lysine to energy ratios for optimum parameters which were significant difference. Results showed that dietary energy level influenced (p < 0.05) feed intake, feed conversion ratio, live weight, haemoglobin and pack cell volume values of chickens. Dry matter digestibility, metabolizable energy and nitrogen retention not influenced by dietary lysine to energy ratio. Also, white blood cell, red blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration in female Venda chickens aged 91 days were not influenced by dietary lysine to energy ratio. It is concluded that dietary lysine to energy ratios of 0.672, 0.646, 0.639 and 0.649 optimized feed intake, growth rate, FCR and live weight in indigenous female Venda chickens fed diets containing 8 g of lysine/kg DM, 150 g of CP/kg DM and 11 MJ of ME/kg DM. This has implications in diet formulation for indigenous female Venda chickens.
The Transcriptional Signatures of Cells from the Human Peyronie's Disease Plaque and the Ability of These Cells to Generate a Plaque in a Rat Model Suggest Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Gelfand Robert A. , Vernet Dolores , Kovanecz Istvan , Rajfer Jacob , Gonzalez-Cadavid Nestor F. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Introduction
The success of medical therapies for Peyronie's disease (PD) has not been optimal, possibly because many of them went directly to clinical application without sufficient preclinical scientific research. Previous studies revealed cellular and molecular pathways involved in the formation of the PD plaque and in particular the role of the myofibroblast.

Aims
The current work aimed to determine under normal and fibrotic conditions what differentiates PD cells from tunica albuginea (TA) and corpora cavernosa (CC) cells by defining their global transcriptional signatures and testing in vivo whether PD cells can generate a PD-like plaque.

Methods
Human TA, PD, and CC cells were grown with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1; TA+, PD+, CC+) or without it (TA−, PD−, CC−) and assayed by (i) immunofluorescence, Western blot and RT-PCR for myofibroblast, smooth muscle cell and stem cell markers; (ii) collagen content; and (iii) DNA microarray analysis. The ability of PD+ cells to induce a PD-like plaque in an immuno-suppressed rat model was assessed by Masson trichrome and Picrosirius Red stainings.

Main Outcomes Measures
Fibroproliferative features of PD cells and identification of related key genes as novel targets to reduce plaque size.

Results
Upon TGFβ1stimulation, collagen levels were increased by myofibroblasts in the PD+ but not in the CC+ cells. The transcriptional signature of the PD− cells identified fibroproliferative, myogenic (myofibroblasts), inflammatory, and collagen turnover genes that differentiate them from TA− or CC− cells and respond to TGFβ1 with a PD+ fibrotic phenotype, by upregulation of IGF-1, ACTG2, MYF5, ACTC1, PSTN, COL III, MMP3, and others. The PD+ cells injected into the TA of the rat induce a PD-like plaque.

Conclusions
This suggests a novel combination therapy to eliminate a PD plaque by targeting the identified genes to (i) improve collagenase action by stimulating endogenous metalloproteinases specific to key collagen types and (ii) counteract fibromatosis by inhibiting myofibroblast generation, proliferation, and/or apoptosis.
Testing the credibility of historical newspaper reporting of extreme climate and weather events
Authors: Munro Duncan , Fowler Anthony 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn recent years, newspaper research has been streamlined by digitisation and online hosting by PapersPast. This paper tests the reliability and credibility of reporting of extreme weather and climatic events through PapersPast to determine if newspaper research of past climate can be further streamlined. Searches were conducted through four early‐20th‐century Auckland newspapers, where counts of articles returned by key‐word searches for particular periods were compared against periods of known extremes. We find that blind searches have only limited potential in identifying extreme weather and climatic events and that they are no substitute for thorough analyses of documentary sources.
Photosynthetic leaf area modulates tiller bud outgrowth in sorghum
Authors: KEBROM TESFAMICHAEL H. , MULLET JOHN E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractShoot branches or tillers develop from axillary buds. The dormancy versus outgrowth fates of buds depends on genetic, environmental and hormonal signals. Defoliation inhibits bud outgrowth indicating the role of leaf‐derived metabolic factors such as sucrose in bud outgrowth. In this study, the sensitivity of bud outgrowth to selective defoliation was investigated. At 6 d after planting (6 DAP), the first two leaves of sorghum were fully expanded and the third was partially emerged. Therefore, the leaves were selectively defoliated at 6 DAP and the length of the bud in the first leaf axil was measured at 8 DAP. Bud outgrowth was inhibited by defoliation of only 2 cm from the tip of the second leaf blade. The expression of dormancy and sucrose‐starvation marker genes was up‐regulated and cell cycle and sucrose‐inducible genes was down‐regulated during the first 24 h post‐defoliation of the second leaf. At 48 h, the expression of these genes was similar to controls as the defoliated plant recovers. Our results demonstrate that small changes in photosynthetic leaf area affect the propensity of tiller buds for outgrowth. Therefore, variation in leaf area and photosynthetic activity should be included when integrating sucrose into models of shoot branching.
The effect of 222‐nm UVC phototesting on healthy volunteer skin: a pilot study
Authors: Woods Julie A , Evans Alan , Forbes Paul Donald , Coates Philip J , Gardner June , Valentine Ronan M , Ibbotson Sally H , Ferguson James , Fricker Christopher , Moseley Harry 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundFrequent topical antiseptic use to hands is now common in healthcare and other work environments. Inevitably, the use of such antiseptics will present an occupational risk for irritancy and allergic dermatitis. New, less irritant and even non‐chemical antimicrobial approaches are under investigation.MethodsA Sterilray disinfectant source (222 nm) conventionally used to sterilize equipment and work surfaces was assessed for tolerability in human skin. Using an escalating dosage study methodology, four skin phototype I and II healthy volunteers had their minimal erythema dose (MED) determined. Punch biopsies of irradiated sites were stained for cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD). The degree of CPD was compared with that in biopsies from unexposed skin and from areas exposed to UVB (280–315 nm) radiation.ResultsCalibrated spectral measurements revealed emission at a peak wavelength of 222 nm with 97% emission at wavelengths less than 250 nm. At low doses below the threshold bacteriostatic effect, the source was capable of inducing both erythema and CPD formation in human skin. In two individuals, cells in the basal layer were not shielded by the overlying tissue as indicated by the presence of CPD.ConclusionThe source showed an erythemogenic or CPD potential at lower doses than those required to reach the reported threshold bacteriostatic effect.
Periodontal disease in children and adolescents of Latin America
Authors: Botero Javier E. , Rösing Cassiano Kuchenbecker , Duque Andres , Jaramillo Adriana , Contreras Adolfo 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPeriodontal diseases are a group of infectious diseases that mainly include gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is the most prevalent form of periodontal disease in subjects of all ages, including children and adolescents. Less frequent types of periodontal disease include aggressive periodontitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and various diseases of herpesviral and fungal origin. This review aimed to retrieve relevant information from Latin America on the prevalence of periodontal diseases among children and adolescents of the region. Gingivitis was detected in 35% of young Latin American subjects and showed the highest frequencies in Colombia (77%) and Bolivia (73%) and the lowest frequency in Mexico (23%). The frequency of gingivitis in subjects from other Latin American countries was between 31% and 56%. Periodontitis may affect <10% of the young population in Latin America, but the data are based on only a few studies. A more precise assessment of the distribution and severity of periodontal disease in children and adolescents of Latin America may help policy makers and dentists to institute more effective public health measures to prevent and treat the disease at an early age to avoid major damage to the permanent dentition.