bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic activation of mitochondria in glioma stem cells promotes cancer development through a reactive oxygen species-mediated mechanism
Authors: Yuan Shuqiang , Lu Yunxin , Yang Jing , Chen Gang , Kim Sangbae , Feng Li , Ogasawara Marcia , Hammoudi Naima , Lu Weiqin , Zhang Hui , Liu Jinyun , Colman Howard , Lee Ju-Seog , Li Xiao-Nan , Xu Rui-hua , Huang Peng , Wang Feng 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the abilities to renew themselves and to give rise to all cell types (differentiation). It is assumed that induction of differentiation in CSCs would reduce their ability to form tumors. What triggers CSC differentiation and the role of “differentiation” in tumorigenesis remain elusive.

Methods
Glioma stem cell (GSC) lines and subcutaneous as well as orthotopic xenografts established from fresh surgical specimens of glioblastoma multiforme were used.

Results
Exposure of GSCs to serum activates mitochondrial respiration and causes an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as oxidative stress responses, leading to the appearance of differentiation morphology and a deceased expression of CSC markers. Chemical perturbation of the mitochondrial electron transport chain causes ROS increase and further downregulation of stem cell markers, while antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine reduces ROS and suppresses the differentiation of GSCs. Surprisingly, the serum-induced differentiated GSCs exhibit greater ability to form tumor in both orthotopic and subcutaneous xenograft models, which can be suppressed by N-acetyl-cysteine. Mitochondrial ROS from the serum-stimulated cells triggered the activation of nuclear factor-kappa-B (NFκB) pathway, which is a potential mechanism for the promotion of tumorigenesis.

Conclusion
This study suggests that ROS generated from active mitochondrial respiration in the presence of serum is critical in CSCs activation, which promotes tumor development in vivo.
Regulatory withdrawal of medicines marketed with uncertain benefits: the bevacizumab case study
Authors: Vitry Agnes , Nguyen Tuan , Entwistle Vikky , Roughead Elizabeth 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
Withdrawal of conditional regulatory approval or subsidization of new medicines when subsequent evidence does not confirm early trial results may not be well understood or accepted by the public.

Objectives
We present a case study of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)’s decision to withdraw the indication of bevacizumab for the treatment of advanced breast cancer and include an analysis of the reactions of stakeholders with a view to identifying opportunities for improving risk management for new medicines with conditional approval or funding.

Methods
We drew on a range of information sources, including FDA documents, medical journals and media reports, to describe the evidentiary basis of the FDA decisions. We analysed the reactions and perspectives of the stakeholders.

Results
In 2008 bevacizumab was granted conditional approval for treatment of advanced breast cancer by the FDA pending submission of supplementary satisfactory evidence. In 2011 the FDA decision to withdraw the indication was met with a hostile reaction from many clinicians and cancer survivors. There were different interpretations of the therapeutic value of bevacizumab with strong beliefs among cancer survivors that the medicine was effective and potential harm was manageable. High expectations of the public may have been encouraged by overly positive media reports and limited understanding by the public of the complexity of the scientific evaluation of new medicines and of the regulatory processes.

Conclusions
Improving understanding and acceptance of approval or coverage schemes conditional to evidence development may require the development of risk management plans by regulatory and funding institutions. They may include a range of strategies such as requirements for formal patient acknowledgment of the conditional availability of the medicine, ‘black-triangle’ equivalent labels that identify full approval is based on pending evidence, and ongoing communication with the media, public and health professionals.
Sapporo2: a versatile direct N-body library
Authors: Bédorf Jeroen , Gaburov Evghenii , Portegies Zwart Simon 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAstrophysical direct N-body methods have been one of the first production algorithms to be implemented using NVIDIA’s architecture. Now, almost seven years later, the GPU is the most used accelerator device in astronomy for simulating stellar systems. In this paper we present the implementation of the N-body library, which allows researchers to use the GPU for N-body simulations with little to no effort. The first version, released five years ago, is actively used, but lacks advanced features and versatility in numerical precision and support for higher order integrators. In this updated version we have rebuilt the code from scratch and added support for , multi-precision and higher order integrators. We show how to tune these codes for different GPU architectures and present how to continue utilizing the GPU optimal even when only a small number of particles ($N < 100$
N
<
100
) is integrated. This careful tuning allows to be faster than even with the added options and double precision data loads. The code runs on a range of NVIDIA and AMD GPUs in single and double precision accuracy. With the addition of support the library is also able to run on CPUs and other accelerators that support .
Boat-towed radio-magnetotellurics — A new technique and case study from the city of Stockholm
Authors: Bastani Mehrdad , Persson Lena , Mehta Suman , Malehmir Alireza 
Published: October 2015

We have developed a new data acquisition system and technique to measure the radio magnetotelluric (RMT) signals from distant radio transmitters with the objective of mapping and modeling electric resistivity structures below a river or lake. The acquisition system is towed by a boat; therefore, we call the technique boat-towed RMT. The data acquisition is fast with a production rate of approximately [Formula: see text] using a nominal sampling spacing of 10–15 m. Given the ample number of radio transmitters available in most parts of the world, the method can be used for near-surface studies of various targets. We have developed boat-towed RMT measurements on Lake Mälaren near the city of Stockholm in Sweden to determine the feasibility of the method. Approximately 15 km of RMT data were collected during three days above a planned 60-m-deep bypass tunnel with the goal of providing information on the bedrock depth and possible weak zones within the bedrock. The measured resistivity and phase data were of high quality with errors on the order of a few percent. The resistivity models from 2D inversion of the data showed a good correlation with available geologic data in resolving bedrock depth and also resistivity layering within the lake. Resistivity maps derived from the dense 2D models suggested a northeast–southwest-striking low-resistivity zone at less than a 30-m depth. The zone likely represents fractured crystalline bedrock. The boat-towed RMT technique is well suited for water bodies with moderate electric resistivity such as in brackish and freshwater environments.
Air-gun bubble-ghost interactions
Authors: King Jack R. C. 
Published: October 2015

The signals from air guns are reflected from the sea surface, and these reflections (termed the “ghost”) interact with the air-gun bubbles, affecting the behavior of the bubble and the emitted signal. In current air-gun modeling, this interaction is either neglected, or it is accounted for using a simplistic approach involving the assumption of spherical symmetry. I have developed a 2D axisymmetric finite-volume model of an air-gun bubble, in which the effects of the sea surface were included through the use of a novel artificial boundary condition, which transmits the ghost wave into a computational domain, where it interacts with the bubble. The interaction between the bubble and the ghost wave is then treated axisymmetrically. The ghost reduces the damping and the period of the bubble. Simulations determine that at the bubble surface, the ghost wave is transmitted into the bubble and reflected back into the water. The bubble focuses the ghost wave on the bubble center, where it is reflected. This process is repeated for a few oscillations, as the energy of the ghost wave within the bubble is transmitted into the water through a series of pulses. The effect of this interaction is that near-field signatures contain components at frequencies between 400 and 600 Hz shortly after the impact of the ghost wave. I present near-field measurements that show this. The interaction between air guns in an array takes the same form as this bubble-ghost interaction, but with greater magnitude, because the separation of neighboring guns is less than the depth at which they are towed. Including this theory of interaction in air-gun modeling will improve the accuracy of modeled results.
Μνημειακή τοπογραφία του βόρειου άκρου της πόλης της Ρόδου
Authors: ΜΑΝΟΥΣΟΥ-ΝΤΕΛΛΑ Κατερίνα 
Published: October 2015

<p>Μετά την χαλάρωση και τελική διάλυση των αρχαίων αστικών δομών, το βόρειο άκρο της πόλης της Ρόδου, μεταξύ του «μικρού λιμένος»- Μανδράκι- και του δυτικού λιμένος, «αγροτοποιήθηκε», στο πλαίσιο του ριζικού μετασχηματισμού της σχέσης μεταξύ πόλης και υπαίθρου κατά την μεταβατική περίοδο ανάμεσα στην ύστερη αρχαιότητα και τον μεσαίωνα. Η συστηματική παρακολούθηση των μηχανισμών μετασχηματισμού των αστικών δομών, μέχρι την παγίωση του μεσαιωνικού οχυρωματικού περιβόλου, αποτελεί το αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης.</p><p> </p>
Το όραμα του Προφήτη Δανιήλ (Δαν. Ζ ́, 1 14) στη μεταβυζαντινή ζωγραφική
Authors: ΣΚΩΤΤΗ Τερψιχόρη-Πατρίτσια 
Published: October 2015

<p>Το όραμα του ζ ́ κεφαλαίου του Βιβλίου του προφήτη Δανιήλ εικονογραφείται σπάνια κατά τη βυζαντινή εποχή. Αντίθετα, στα μεταβυζαντινά χρόνια στοιχεία του εικονίζονται αρκετά συχνά, είτε αυτόνομα είτε, συνηθέστερα, ενταγμένα σε παραστάσεις της Δευτέρας Παρουσίας. Σε ορισμένες περιπτώσεις μάλιστα ο προφήτης εικονίζεται ως οραματιστής της Δεύτερης Έλευσης. Αυτή η «ξαφνική» διάδοση προτείνεται να ερμηνευθεί σε συσχετισμό με τη διάδοση που γνώρισαν μετά το 1453 τα αποδιδόμενα στον Δανιήλ εσχατολογικά κείμενα, γνωστά ως Οράσεις.</p><p> </p>
Ένα τρίπτυχο τέχνης Γεωργίου Κλόντζα στο Βουκουρέστι
Authors: ΒΟΚΟΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Παναγιώτης Λ. 
Published: October 2015

<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } --> <p>Ένα τρίπτυχο του Εθνικού Μουσείου Τέχνης της Ρουμανίας στο Βουκουροέστι, από το οποίο λείπει το αριστερό φύλλο, είναι τυπικό της τέχνης του μεγάλου καστρινού ζωγράφου Γεωργίου Κλόντζα (μνείες 1562-1608). Σχολιάζονται οι παραστάσεις, η ορθογραφία των επιγραφών, η σχέση με άλλα τρίπτυχα του ζωγράφου. Πρόκειται για άνισο έργο, στο οποίο εργάσθηκαν ενδεχομένως και μέλη του εργαστηρίου του Κλόντζα.</p> <p> </p>
Wie neue Kommunikationstechnologien zur Verwirklichung von Kants Idee öffentlichen Rechts beitragen können
Authors: Wildenauer Miriam 
Published: October 2015

Abstract:The later Kant (1797/98) believed that he had solved the highest problem of humankind, namely, how a society should be constituted by law so that the freedom of each one of its members is maximized under the law
Crystal structure of bis(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2N,N′)-bis(thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylato-κ2O,O′)-cadmium(II), C32H22CdN4O8S2
Authors: Li Lei , Guo Jin-Bo , Wei-Liu Bao , Min-Wen Yu , Wang Bo , Xia Xiao Dong , Mu Kai 
Published: October 2015

AbstractC32H22CdN4O8S2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.7788(6) Å, b = 10.8548(9) Å, c = 18.830(2) Å, α = 84.334(1)°, β = 88.762(1)°, γ = 72.840(1)°, V = 1511.7 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0206, wRref(F2) = 0.0547, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of poly[[(1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone-κ1O) zinc(II)]-μ-furan-2,5-dicarboxylato-κ4O,O′:O′′,O′′′], [Zn(C5H10N2O)(C6H2O5)], C22H24N4O12Zn2
Authors: Song Jia-Long , Xie Peng , Qiao Qian 
Published: October 2015

AbstractC22H24N4O12Zn2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 15.0626(4) Å, b = 10.6095(3) Å, c = 18.6056(4) Å, β = 117.896(2)°, V = 2627.8 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0281, wRref(F2) = 0.0763, T = 173 K.
REKAYASA PENENTUAN JENIS KELAMIN DALAM KANDUNGAN MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: HM Muh. Said 
Published: October 2015

Engineering the Determination of Sex in the Womb According to Islamic Law. Currently, modern science and technology have developed quickly and dynamically. One development in medical science is engineering of the foetus (genetics) which can bring about benefits and at the same time possibilities that can be harmful to human dignity. Under Islamic law, engineering studies of the foetus can be categorised as a part of issues of fikih al-nawâzil. The problems are in need of the ihtiyâth ijtihâdiyyahprocess or regularity of istishlâhiyyah. Therefore, when mashlahahdominates as the main principle in engineering of the foetus then it can be justified. But if undertaken solely as a limited exercise at the same time determining the sex of the foetus then it cannot be justified under Islamic law because the exercise intervenes in the area of God Almighty in the creation of life.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1285
Percepción del estado de salud y factores asociados en adultos mayores
Authors: Castaño Vergara Diana Marcela , Cardona Arango Doris 
Published: October 2015

<p><strong>Objetivo</strong> Analizar los factores sociodemográficos y servicios de salud asociados a la percepción del estado de salud en adultos mayores dela Sociedad San Vicente de Paúl de Medellín en el segundo semestre del año 2011.</p><p><strong>Materiales y Métodos</strong> Estudio descriptivo, de fuente primaria. Se encuestaron telefónicamente a 104 adultos, a quienes se les preguntó por características sociodemográficas y servicios en salud que pudieran estar afectando la percepción del estado de salud. En su análisis se usaron medidas descriptivas, pruebas estadísticas, modelos de regresión explicativos y se calculó la razón de prevalencia con su intervalo de confianza del 95 %.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong> Los adultos encuestados tenían en promedio 68 años de edad, con escolaridad primaria, predominó el sexo femenino, afiliados al régimen subsidiado y reciben apoyo de las familias. A menos edad es mejor la percepción de su salud y son las mujeres, las que conviven en unión libre y quienes no tienen escolaridad, quienes tienen una percepción negativa de su estado de salud. En cuanto a los servicios en salud, sufrir dos, cuatro ó más enfermedades, no recibir tratamiento y consultar con psicología entre dos y cuatro meses, perciben un mal estado de su salud.</p><p><strong>Conclusión</strong> El 64 % de los adultos mayores encuestados perciben un buen estado de salud, pero ser mayor de edad, mujer, tener comorbilidades, no recibir tratamientos y poca accesibilidad a otros servicios de salud, está asociados a una baja autopercepción del estado de salud de los adultos mayores. </p>
Intervención educativa con docentes: fortalecimiento de habilidades psicosociales para la vida y hábitos saludables con escolares en Bogotá
Authors: Mantilla-Uribe Blanca P. , Oviedo-Cáceres Maria del Pilar , Hernandez-Quirama Andrea , Hakspiel-Plata Maria C. 
Published: October 2015

Objetivo: Determinar los resultados de la intervención educativa dirigida a docentes para el fortalecimiento de hábitos saludables y habilidades psicosociales para la vida en niños y niñas de básica primaria en instituciones públicas de la ciudad de Bogotá. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con enfoque descriptivo para lo cual se utilizó como técnica de recolección de información el grupo focal, buscando ahondar con las personas participantes su experiencia, metodología, implementación y resultados del proceso formativo con enfoque de promoción de la salud con énfasis en Habilidades psicosociales para la Vida y Hábitos Saludables con los grupos de escolares. Para el análisis de la información se tuvo en cuenta el enfoque propuesto por Taylor y Bogdan, y para apoyar el análisis se utilizó el software ATLAS ti (v. 6.2). Resultados: La participación de docentes en los procesos formativos tuvo una repercusión en diferentes escenarios de sus vidas, es así como se identifican vivencias en su vida personal, familiar y laboral. Lo cual se explica desde tres ámbitos: lo novedoso del proceso formativo, la creatividad generada en su práctica docente y la solidaridad a la hora de la implementación en las instituciones educativas. Conclusiones: Las personas participantes de la investigación identifican la metodología participativa utilizada en el proceso formativo como innovador y elemento importante para su adherencia al programa, superando así sus predisposiciones iniciales a participar. De la misma manera, el fortalecimiento de la creatividad de docentes es un factor que contribuye al ejercicio docente.
Hypertrophic Obesity and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Dysfunction
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Over the past 50 years, scientists have recognized that not all adipose tissue is alike, and that health risk is associated with the location as well as the amount of body fat. Different depots are sufficiently distinct with respect to fatty-acid storage and release as to probably play unique roles in human physiology. Whether fat redistribution causes metabolic disease or whether it is a marker of underlying processes that are primarily responsible is an open question.CONTENT: The limited expandability of the subcutaneous adipose tissue leads to inappropriate adipose cell expansion (hypertrophic obesity) with local inflammation and a dysregulated and insulin-resistant adipose tissue. The inability to store excess fat in the subcutaneous adipose tissue is a likely key mechanism for promoting ectopic fat accumulation in tissues and areas where fat can be stored, including the intra-abdominal and visceral areas, in the liver, epi/pericardial area, around vessels, in the myocardium, and in the skeletal muscles. Many studies have implicated ectopic fat accumulation and the associated lipotoxicity as the major determinant of the metabolic complications of obesity driving systemic insulin resistance, inflammation, hepatic glucose production, and dyslipidemia.SUMMARY: In summary, hypertrophic obesity is due to an impaired ability to recruit and differentiate available adipose precursor cells in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Thus, the subcutaneous adipose tissue may be particular in its limited ability in certain individuals to undergo adipogenesis during weight increase. Inability to promote subcutaneous adipogenesis under periods of affluence would favor lipid overlow and ectopic fat accumulation with negative metabolic consequences.KEYWORDS: obesity, adipogenesis, subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, adipocyte dysfunction
Molecular Regulation and Rejuvenation of Muscle Stem (Satellite) Cell Aging
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Age-related muscle loss leads to lack of muscle strength, resulting in reduced posture and mobility and an increased risk of falls, all of which contribute to a decrease in quality of life. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process, which is not yet completely understood.CONTENT: Skeletal muscle undergoes a progressive age-related loss in mass and function. Preservation of muscle mass depends in part on satellite cells, the resident stem cells of skeletal muscle. Reduced satellite cell function may contribute to the age-associated decrease in muscle mass. Recent studies have delineated that the aging process in organ stem cells is largely caused by age-specific changes in the differentiated niches, and that regenerative outcomes often depend on the age of the niche, rather than on stem cell age. It is likely that epigenetic states will be better define such key satellite cell features as prolonged quiescence and lineage fidelity. It is also likely that DNA and histone modifications will underlie many of the changes in aged satellite cells that account for age-related declines in functionality and rejuvenation through exposure to the systemic environment.SUMMARY: Skeletal muscle aging results in a gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle function and regenerative capacity, which can lead to sarcopenia and increased mortality. Although the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia remain unclear, the skeletal muscle stem cell, or satellite cell, is required for muscle regeneration. Decreased muscle stem cell function in aging has long been shown to depend on altered environmental cues, whereas the contribution of intrinsic mechanisms remained less clear. Signals in the aged niche were shown to cause permanent defects in the ability of satellite cells to return to quiescence, ultimately also impairing the maintenance of self-renewing satellite cells. Therefore, only anti-aging strategies taking both factors, the stem cell niche and the stem cells per se, into consideration may ultimately be successful.KEYWORDS: satellite cell, muscle, aging, niche, regenerations
Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Initiation in Boys Before and Since Routine Use: Southern California, 2009–2013
Authors: Hechter Rulin C. , Chao Chun R. , Sidell Margo A. , Sy Lina S. , Ackerson Bradley K. , Slezak Jeff M. , Patel Nilesh J. , Tseng Hung Fu , Jacobsen Steven J. 
Published: October 2015

Objectives. We examined the trends and correlates of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV4) initiation in insured boys during the periods before and after routine use recommendation. Methods. We grouped data from electronic medical records of boys aged 9 to 17 years from the Kaiser Permanente Southern California prepaid health plan into 3 open cohorts: permissive use: 2009 to 2010; anal cancer indication added: 2010 to 2011; and routine use: 2011 to 2013. We estimated adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) between demographics and vaccination initiation using Poisson regression. Results. HPV4 initiation increased across cohorts—1.6%, 3.4%, and 18.5%—with the greatest increase among boys aged 11 to 12 years in cohort 3. Initiation was associated with receiving influenza vaccination in the previous year in all cohorts (cohort 3: ARR = 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46, 1.51) and with non-White race/ethnicity following routine recommendation (cohort 3, non-Hispanic Black: ARR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.08, 1.30; Hispanic: ARR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.17, 1.29; Asian/Pacific Islanders: ARR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.20). Conclusions. Routine use recommendation increased the uptake of HPV4 in boys. System-level interventions to encourage providers to routinely recommend HPV4 vaccination may help increase HPV4 uptake in boys.