bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interface‐engineered resistive memory using plasma‐modified electrode on polyimide substrate
Authors: Zheng Zhi‐Wei , Hsu Hsiao‐Hsuan , Cheng Chun‐Hu 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this study, we report a low power Ni/GeOx /TiOy /TaN resistive random access memory (RRAM) using plasma‐modified electrode. The low sub‐mA switching current, highly uniform switching cycles (only 4% variation for the set) and good high‐temperature current distribution at 125 °C are simultaneously achieved in this RRAM device. Such good performance can be ascribed to interface plasma treatment on TaN electrode where the resulting Ta–N ionic bond increases the oxidation resistance and reduces the oxygen vacancy concentration near TaN interface that is favorable to lower switching power and improve high‐temperature current distribution.magnified image(© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Applicability of MIMO to satellite communications
Authors: Kyröläinen Jukka , Hulkkonen Ari , Ylitalo Juha , Byman Aaron , Shankar Bhavani , Arapoglou Pantelis‐Daniel , Grotz Joel 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents achievements of an on‐going activity where the applicability of MIMO to satellite communications with Digital Video Broadcasting – Satellite services to Handhelds as the key application is studied. The potential satellite and hybrid satellite‐terrestrial MIMO scenarios are described, and the applicable MIMO schemes for each scenario are selected. The performance of the MIMO schemes was studied by performing comprehensive computer simulations, and the main results are presented in this paper. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mars to Earth communications through orbiters: Delay‐Tolerant/Disruption‐Tolerant Networking performance analysis
Authors: Caini C. , Firrincieli R. , de Cola T. , Bisio I. , Cello M. , Acar G. 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYDelay‐Tolerant/Disruption‐Tolerant Networking (DTN) architecture will be used in future deep space missions, to enable autonomous networking operations and disruption‐tolerant data communications. Therefore, it is worth analyzing the performance of the DTN Bundle Protocol (BP) in a realistic deep space environment, reproducing the characteristics of Mars missions. After a comprehensive introduction on data communications between Mars and Earth, the paper presents the essential features of both the BP DTN architecture and the Licklider Transmission Protocol (LTP), adopted here as BP convergence layer on deep space links, thanks to its ability to cope with the very long delays typical of this environment. The focus of our experiments is on analysis of the bundle flow from a Mars lander to an Earth control center through an intermediate relay node, for which two configurations are considered, inspired to Odyssey and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter missions, respectively. Results are obtained by means of a test bed consisting of some GNU/Linux personal computers running either Interplanetary Overlay Network (ION) or DTN2 BP implementations. The analysis of results aims to highlight the role played by BP and LTP in tackling the challenges of Mars to Earth communications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview and comparison of on‐ground and on‐board beamforming techniques in mobile satellite service applications
Authors: Tronc J. , Angeletti P. , Song N. , Haardt M. , Arendt J. , Gallinaro G. 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYThe objective of this paper is to review state‐of‐the‐art techniques of beamforming in mobile satellite systems and evaluate the potential benefits/drawbacks of on‐ground beamforming compared with on‐board beamforming approach. The paper also provides a short analysis of beamforming error sources in on‐ground beamforming such as propagation effects at feeder link level, on‐board degradations at payload level, differential atmospheric perturbations, and Doppler shift effect. An investigation of signal processing techniques is also performed to provide a preliminary assessment of the interest for employing adaptive beamforming and precoding techniques in multi‐spots mobile satellite systems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MidCloud: an agent‐based middleware for effective utilization of replicated Cloud services
Authors: Mohamed Nader , Al‐Jaroodi Jameela 
Published: October 2013

SummaryThe Cloud relies heavily on resource replication to support the demands of the clients efficiently. Replicated Cloud services are distributed across large geographic areas and are accessible via the Internet. This paper describes MidCloud; an agent‐based middleware that provides Cloud clients with dynamic load balancing and fault tolerance mechanisms for effective utilization of replicated Cloud services and resources. MidCloud can be used to connect clients with multiple replicated Cloud services and provide fast and reliable service delivery from multiple replicas. Several approaches for load balancing and fault tolerance in distributed systems were introduced; however, they require prior knowledge of the environment's operating conditions and/or constant monitoring of these conditions at run time that allows the applications to adjust the load and redistribute the tasks when operational conditions change and when failures occur. These techniques work well when there is no high communication delay. Yet, this is not true in the Cloud, where data storage and computation servers are scattered all over the world and communication delays are usually very high. MidCloud deploys approaches to reduce the negative impact of high and dynamic delays on the Cloud servers and the Internet. The experimental results show the positive effects of using MidCloud to provide efficient load balancing and fault tolerance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The development of hippocampal cellular assemblies
Authors: Li Guangnan , Pleasure Samuel J. 
Published: October 2013

The proper assembly of a cohort of distinct cell types is a prerequisite for building a functional hippocampus. In this review, we describe the major molecular events of the developmental program leading to the cellular construction of the hippocampus. Data from rodent studies are used here to elaborate on our understanding of these processes. WIREs Dev Biol 2014, 3:165–177. doi: 10.1002/wdev.127This article is categorized under:

Signaling Pathways > Cell Fate Signaling
Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: Regional Development
The Use of FTIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Rapid Authentication of Extra Virgin Olive Oil
Authors: Rohman Abdul , Che Man Y. B. , Yusof Farahwahida Mohd. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe authenticity of high value edible fats and oils including extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is an emerging issue, currently. The potential employment of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics of multivariate calibration and discriminant analysis has been exploited for rapid authentication of EVOO from canola oil (Ca‐O). The optimization of two calibration models of partial least square (PLS) and principle component regression was performed in order to quantify the level of Ca‐O in EVOO. The chemometrics of discriminant analysis (DA) was used for making the classification between pure EVOO and EVOO adulterated with Ca‐O. The individual oils and their blends were scanned on good contact with ZnSe crystals in horizontal attenuated total reflectance, as a sampling technique. The wavenumbers of 3,028–2,985 and 1,200–987 cm−1 were used for quantification and classification of EVOO adulterated with Ca‐O. The results showed that PLS with normal FTIR spectra was well suited for quantitative analysis of Ca‐O with a value of the coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.99. The error, expressed as root mean square error of calibration obtained was relatively low, i.e. 0.108 % (v/v). DA can make the classification between pure EVOO and that adulterated with Ca‐O with one misclassified reported.
The effects of combiningArtemisia annuaandCurcuma longaethanolic extracts in broilers challenged with infective oocysts ofEimeria acervulinaandE. maxima
Authors: ALMEIDA GUSTAVO F. D. , THAMSBORG STIG M. , MADEIRA ALDA M. B. N. , FERREIRA JORGE F. S. , MAGALHÃES PEDRO M. , FILHO LUIZ C. DEMATTÊ , HORSTED KLAUS , HERMANSEN JOHN E. 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYDue to an increasing demand for natural products to control coccidiosis in broilers, we investigated the effects of supplementing a combination of ethanolic extracts ofArtemisia annuaandCurcuma longain drinking water. Three different dosages of this herbal mixture were compared with a negative control (uninfected), a positive control (infected and untreated), chemical coccidiostats (nicarbazin+narazin and, later, salinomycin), vaccination, and a product based on oregano. Differences in performance (weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion rate), mortality, gross intestinal lesions and oocyst excretion were investigated. Broilers given chemical coccidiostats performed better than all other groups. Broilers given the two highest dosages of the herbal mixture had intermediate lesion scores caused byEimeria acervulina, which was higher than in broilers given coccidiostats, but less than in broilers given vaccination, oregano and in negative controls. There was a trend for lower mortality (P= 0·08) in the later stage of the growing period (23–43 days) in broilers given the highest dosage of herbal mixture compared with broilers given chemical coccidiostats. In conclusion, the delivery strategy of the herbal extracts is easy to implement at farm level, but further studies on dose levels and modes of action are needed.
Laser-ablation and induced nanoparticle synthesis
Authors: Batani Dimitri , Vinci Tommaso , Bleiner Davide 
Published: October 2013

AbstractLaser pulses are largely used for processing and analysis of materials and in particular for nano-particle synthesis. This paper addresses fundamentals of the generation of nano-materials following specific thermodynamic paths of the irradiated material. Computer simulations using the hydro code MULTI and the SESAME equation of state have been performed to follow the dynamics of a target initially heated by a short laser pulse over a distance comparable to the metal skin depth.
Electroconvulsive therapy: is there a role for treating older patients?
Authors: Ramos-Garcia MI , González-Salazar CF 
Published: October 2013

SummaryElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a powerful acute treatment for severe and resistant depression. We review literature related to the efficacy, safety and tolerability of ECT in older people, with an emphasis on research studies and reviews published in the last 25 years. In general ECT has been considered a very effective and safe treatment for depression and other psychiatric and non-psychiatric disorders in older people. Amnesia is commonly attributed to ECT treatment, but studies suggest that the negative effects of ECT on cognition are probably small in older patients. Currently the balance of risks and benefits of ECT justify its use for severe depression in older patients, both with and without dementia.
Ultrastructure of vitrified rabbit transgenic embryos
Authors: Chrenek P. , Makarevich A.V. , Popelková M. , Schlarmannová J. , Toporcerová S. , Ostró A. , Živčák J. , Bosze Zs. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine the viability of rabbit transgenic (enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-positive) embryos cultured in vitro and compare with gene-microinjected (Mi) non-transgenic (EGFP-negative) embryos following vitrification. Non-microinjected and non-vitrified embryos were used as the control. Morphological signs of injury to embryo organelles were determined at the ultrastructural level using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Morphometric evaluation was performed on cellular organelles using microphotographs obtained by TEM. Intact and Mi embryos recovered from in vivo fertilized eggs at 19–20 hours post coitum (hpc) were cultured for up to 72 hpc (morula stage), evaluated for the EGFP gene integration and then vitrified in 0.25 ml insemination straws in modified EFS (40% ethylene glycol + 18% Ficoll 70 + 0.3 M sucrose) vitrification solution. After 1–3 days the embryos were devitrified, a representative selection of embryos was analyzed by TEM and the remaining embryos were subjected to additional in vitro culture. Observations by TEM showed that the vitrified/warmed EGFP-positive and EGFP-negative embryos had a slight accumulation of cellular debris and lipid droplets compared with the control intact embryos. More severe changes were detected in the membrane structures of the treated embryos, mostly in the cytoplasmic envelope, trophoblastic microvilli, junctional contacts and mitochondria. We suggest that the higher proportion of deteriorated cell structures and organelles in the treated embryos may be due to the vitrification process rather than to mechanical violation (the gene-microinjection procedure), as a detailed inspection of ultrastructure revealed that most damage occurred in the cell membrane structures.
Transcript processing and export kinetics are rate-limiting steps in expressing vertebrate segmentation clock genes
Authors: Hoyle Nathaniel P. , Ish-Horowicz David 
Published: October 2013

Significance
This paper describes in vivo measurements of the kinetics of transcript processing and export for endogenous genes in mouse and chick embryos. It shows that transcript export is unexpectedly slow, even slower than splicing, and relates its finding to rate-limiting steps that would contribute to the molecular oscillator that drives segmentation in vertebrate embryos. It also relates them to interspecies differences in clock period.
Inferring the soybean (Glycine max) microRNA functional network based on target gene network
Authors: Xu Yungang , Guo Maozu , Liu Xiaoyan , Wang Chunyu , Liu Yang 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Motivation: The rapid accumulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) and experimental evidence for miRNA interactions has ushered in a new area of miRNA research that focuses on network more than individual miRNA interaction, which provides a systematic view of the whole microRNome. So it is a challenge to infer miRNA functional interactions on a system-wide level and further draw a miRNA functional network (miRFN). A few studies have focused on the well-studied human species; however, these methods can neither be extended to other non-model organisms nor take fully into account the information embedded in miRNA–target and target–target interactions. Thus, it is important to develop appropriate methods for inferring the miRNA network of non-model species, such as soybean (Glycine max), without such extensive miRNA-phenotype associated data as miRNA-disease associations in human.
Results: Here we propose a new method to measure the functional similarity of miRNAs considering both the site accessibility and the interactive context of target genes in functional gene networks. We further construct the miRFNs of soybean, which is the first study on soybean miRNAs on the network level and the core methods can be easily extended to other species. We found that miRFNs of soybean exhibit a scale-free, small world and modular architecture, with their degrees fit best to power-law and exponential distribution. We also showed that miRNA with high degree tends to interact with those of low degree, which reveals the disassortativity and modularity of miRFNs. Our efforts in this study will be useful to further reveal the soybean miRNA–miRNA and miRNA–gene interactive mechanism on a systematic level.
Availability and implementation: A web tool for information retrieval and analysis of soybean miRFNs and the relevant target functional gene networks can be accessed at SoymiRNet: http://nclab.hit.edu.cn/SoymiRNet.
Contact: maozuguo@hit.edu.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Parallel Tempering algorithm for probabilistic sampling and multimodal optimization
Authors: Sambridge Malcolm 
Published: October 2013

AbstractNon-linear inverse problems in the geosciences often involve probabilistic sampling of multimodal density functions or global optimization and sometimes both. Efficient algorithmic tools for carrying out sampling or optimization in challenging cases are of major interest. Here results are presented of some numerical experiments with a technique, known as Parallel Tempering, which originated in the field of computational statistics but is finding increasing numbers of applications in fields ranging from Chemical Physics to Astronomy. To date, experience in use of Parallel Tempering within earth sciences problems is very limited. In this paper, we describe Parallel Tempering and compare it to related methods of Simulated Annealing and Simulated Tempering for optimization and sampling, respectively. A key feature of Parallel Tempering is that it satisfies the detailed balance condition required for convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo (McMC) algorithms while improving the efficiency of probabilistic sampling. Numerical results are presented on use of Parallel Tempering for trans-dimensional inversion of synthetic seismic receiver functions and also the simultaneous fitting of multiple receiver functions using global optimization. These suggest that its use can significantly accelerate sampling algorithms and improve exploration of parameter space in optimization. Parallel Tempering is a meta-algorithm which may be used together with many existing McMC sampling and direct search optimization techniques. It's generality and demonstrated performance suggests that there is significant potential for applications to both sampling and optimization problems in the geosciences.
Ecological coherence of diversity patterns derived from classical fingerprinting and Next Generation Sequencing techniques
Authors: Gobet Angélique , Boetius Antje , Ramette Alban 
Published: October 2013

SummaryChanges in richness and bacterial community structure obtained via 454 Massively Parallel Tag Sequencing (MPTS) and Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Analysis (ARISA) were systematically compared to determine whether and how the ecological knowledge obtained from both molecular techniques could be combined. We evaluated community changes over time and depth in marine coastal sands at different levels of taxonomic resolutions, sequence corrections and sequence abundances. Although richness over depth layers or sampling dates greatly varied [∼ 30% and 70–80% new operational taxonomic units (OTU) between two samples with ARISA and MPTS respectively], overall patterns of community variations were similar with both approaches. Alpha‐diversity estimated by ARISA‐derived OTU was most similar to that obtained from MPTS‐derived OTU defined at the order level. Similar patterns of OTU replacement were also found with MPTS at the family level and with 20–25% rare types removed. Using ARISA or MPTS datasets with lower resolution, such as those containing only resident OTU, yielded a similar set of significant contextual variables explaining bacterial community changes. Hence, ARISA as a rapid and low‐cost fingerprinting technique represents a valid starting point for more in‐depth exploration of community composition when complemented by the detailed taxonomic description offered by MPTS.
Borrelia chilensis, a new member of theBorrelia burgdorferisensu lato complex that extends the range of this genospecies in theSouthernHemisphere
Authors: Ivanova Larisa B. , Tomova Alexandra , González‐Acuña Daniel , Murúa Roberto , Moreno Claudia X. , Hernández Claudio , Cabello Javier , Cabello Carlos , Daniels Thomas J. , Godfrey Henry P. , Cabello Felipe C. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryBorrelia burgdorferisensu lato (s.l.), transmitted byIxodesspp. ticks, is the causative agent ofLyme disease. AlthoughIxodesspp. ticks are distributed in bothNorthern andSouthernHemispheres, evidence for the presence ofB. burgdorferis.l. inSouthAmerica apart fromUruguay is lacking. We now report the presence of culturable spirochetes with flat‐wave morphology and borrelialDNAin endemicIxodes stilesiticks collected inChile from environmental vegetation and long‐tailed rice rats (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus). Cultured spirochetes and borrelialDNAin ticks were characterized by multilocus sequence typing and by sequencing five other loci (16Sand 23Sribosomal genes, 5S–23Sintergenic spacer,flaB,ospC). Phylogenetic analysis placed this spirochete as a new genospecies within theLyme borreliosis group. Its plasmid profile determined by polymerase chain reaction and pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis differed from that ofB. burgdorferi B31A3. We propose naming this newSouthAmerican member of theLyme borreliosis groupB. chilensis VA1 in honor of its country of origin.
Software platforms to facilitate reconstructing genome‐scale metabolic networks
Authors: Hamilton Joshua J. , Reed Jennifer L. 
Published: October 2013

SummarySystem‐level analyses of microbial metabolism are facilitated by genome‐scale reconstructions of microbial biochemical networks. A reconstruction provides a structured representation of the biochemical transformations occurring within an organism, as well as the genes necessary to carry out these transformations, as determined by the annotated genome sequence and experimental data. Network reconstructions also serve as platforms for constraint‐based computational techniques, which facilitate biological studies in a variety of applications, including evaluation of network properties, metabolic engineering and drug discovery. Bottom‐up metabolic network reconstructions have been developed for dozens of organisms, but until recently, the pace of reconstruction has failed to keep up with advances in genome sequencing. To address this problem, a number of software platforms have been developed to automate parts of the reconstruction process, thereby alleviating much of the manual effort previously required. Here, we review four such platforms in the context of established guidelines for network reconstruction. While many steps of the reconstruction process have been successfully automated, some manual evaluation of the results is still required to ensure a high‐quality reconstruction. Widespread adoption of these platforms by the scientific community is underway and will be further enabled by exchangeable formats across platforms.
Sequential cervical length screening in pregnancies after loop excision of the transformation zone conisation: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Pils S , Eppel W , Seemann R , Natter C , Ott J 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo review our experience with a screening programme that included four sequential cervical length (CL) measurements from 16 to 22 weeks of gestation.DesignHistorical cohort study.SettingTertiary‐care centre in a university hospital.PopulationThere were 312 singleton pregnancies in 321 women with a previous large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ), and 62 pregnancies after a second‐trimester miscarriage in a previous pregnancy.MethodsThe CL measurements were performed by transvaginal ultrasound at 16, 18, 20, and 22 completed weeks of gestation.Main outcome measuresEarly preterm delivery before 34 completed weeks of gestation.ResultsEarly preterm delivery was found in 7.4%. The CL at 16 completed weeks of gestation was smaller in the LLETZ group (36 mm, interquartile range 30–40 mm) compared with the control group (38 mm, interquartile range 32–42 mm; P = 0.040). For the analysis of risk factors for early preterm delivery after LLETZ, only cases with a complete data set were included (n = 145). In a multivariate analysis, two parameters remained significantly predictive, with CL at 16 completed weeks of gestation being the most significant measure (P < 0.001, OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83–0.98), followed by conception using IVF treatment (P = 0.031, OR 0.64, 95% CI 1.54–34.80).ConclusionsEven as early as 16 weeks of gestation, women with early preterm delivery reveal a significantly lower CL than those without. Dynamics in the CL do not add to this information.