bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economics of the 2009-2012 Organic Apple, Strawberry, and Sour Cherry Production in Poland
Authors: Brzozowski Piotr , Zmarlicki Krzysztof 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Certified organic farm area in Poland increased 8.5 fold during the 2003-2010 time period to 518 thousand ha, which constituted 2.8% of the arable land. The production costs and profitability of the organic fruit production of apples, strawberries, and sour cherries were evaluated and compared to conventional production of those fruits. The research was based on data from thirty-two commercial fruit farms; twenty farms with conventional production, and twelve with organic production. The main problems associated with organic production were the costs of weed control and soil cultivation. The conventional production of apples turned out to be slightly more profitable than the organic production. The organic production of sour cherries was not profitable. In the case of strawberries, it was the opposite - the organic production gave a better financial outcome than the conventional one
The Modern Insecticide (Chlorantraniliprole) Used to Control Codling Moth (Cydia Pomonella L.)
Authors: Pluciennik Zofia 
Published: June 2013

Abastract
A series of experiments aimed at testing the usefulness of the new chemical chlorantraniliprole (rynaxypyr) in the control of codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) were conducted in the 2006-2007 time period. The product was applied in various doses: 0.075, 0.125, 0.175, and 0.2 l/ha. The control treatments were applied 2 or 3 times, depending on pest threat. The insecticide was applied in the period of codling moth mass flight. It was noted, that there was a significant reduction in the amount of fruit the codling moth larvae were able to damage in all the conducted experiments. Very good results in codling moth control were obtained after application of the tested product at a dose of 0.125 l/ha and higher.
New Basal Media for Protocorm-Like Body and Callus Induction of Hybrid Cymbidium
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
High frequency protocorm-like body (PLB) production from hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’ has been developed through a new medium, Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium. Two new TC media containing variable amounts of macroand micronutrients and other additives, inspired by Winarto and Teixeira (WT) medium for Anthurium and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium were used to induce PLBs and callus. Control medium was research- and industry-standard Vacin and Went (VW) medium. The first TC medium, TCPLB, could induce significantly more PLBs than on VW while high levels of macronutrients in the second TC medium, TCCALLUS, and MS were required to induce callus. All PLB induction media contained 0.1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg/l kinetin (KIN), 2 g/l tryptone and 20 g/l sucrose, and solidified with 8 g/l Bacto agar while callusinduction media were identical, except that KIN was substituted by thidiazuron (TDZ). Basal medium had a significant effect on PLB and callus formation. This protocol could be used to induce PLBs and callus from other Cymbidium species or cultivars.
The Effect of Postharvest Treatments on Flower Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria ‘Dancing Queen’
Authors: Yeat Choon Sea , Szydlik Marta , Łukaszewska Aleksandra J. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Alstroemeria is one of the most popular cut flowers in Europe, due to its postharvest longevity and a wide colour palette. However, premature leaf yellowing reduces the ornamental value of the flowering stems even before opening of the secondary florets in cymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of sucrose, gibberellin and 8-hydroxychinoline citrate as postharvest treatments of cut Alstroemeria ‘Dancing Queen’.
Several “flower models” were used to distinguish the effects of the chemicals on senescence of flowers and leaves in the above cultivar. Flowering stems were harvested in November 2011 and March 2012 and the response to treatments for both dates differed: while the longevity of primary and secondary florets was prolonged by the standard preservative (8-HQC+S) in the autumn, there was no difference for the spring collection date. For the March harvest, the secondary flower buds opened faster than for the November harvest, where bud opening was generally hastened by 8-HQC+S. Also, the flower model affected floret longevity and changed the response to the treatments: florets on defoliated flowering stems responded better to the preservative than those on stems with leaves. Florets from different flower models differed in diameter: those from complete stems were usually larger than those from isolated cymes. The secondary florets were much smaller than the primary florets, especially in isolated cymes. Both, GA3 and the standard preservative significantly increased the second floret diameter in all models; however, there were no additive effects of the treatments. GA3 significantly postponed leaf yellowing in all floral models while the sugar-containing preservative had little effect. Generally, the flower model had significant effect on leaf longevity.
Effects of Anti-Ethylene Treatments on Ethylene Production and Antioxidant Activities in Cut Spray Carnation
Authors: Karimi Mahnaz , Hassanpour Asil Moazzam , Nematzadeh Ghorbanali , Zakizadeh Hedayat 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The present investigation was aimed to study changes in ethylene production, ACC content and antioxidant enzymes of cut spray carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers that had been treated with amino-oxyacetic acid (AOA), benzyladenine (BA) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Maximum vase life in ‘Optima’ spray carnations was obtained with 0.6 mg l-1 1-MCP. Ethylene production was significantly decreased by AOA at concentrations over 100 mg l-1, BA at 30 mg l-1, and 1-MCP at all concentrations, compared with the control. A significant increase in ACC content was observed in 1-MCP treated cut flowers compared with the control. However, the decline in ACC content was observed after using 100 or 150 mg l-1 AOA. A significant increase in SOD, CAT and POX enzyme activities was observed in the treatment with 0.6 mg l-1 1-MCP.
On the response of Himalayan glaciers to climate change
Authors: Banerjee Argha , Shankar R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractModelling the response of Himalayan glaciers to rapid climate change is an important problem. The poorly understood effects of debris cover and the variable response of the glaciers have made it difficult to understand their dynamics. We propose a simple model for debris-covered glaciers and validate it against data from Dokriani Glacier, India. Numerical investigations of the model show that the response of debris-covered glaciers to a warming climate has two timescales. There is a period when the glacier loses ice by thinning but the front is almost stationary and it develops a long, slow-flowing tongue. This stationary period, which can be >100 years for glaciers with a large extent of debris cover, is negligible for bare glaciers. The quasi-stagnant tongue does not develop in response to cooling. An analysis of remote-sensing data in the light of these results indicates that the variable response of the glaciers in the Himalaya is consistent with a climate that is warming on average, but has considerable spatial variability in the warming rates. We estimate the average warming rate to be about the same as the global average.
Lidar measurement of snow depth: a review
Authors: Deems Jeffrey S. , Painter Thomas H. , Finnegan David C. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractLaser altimetry (lidar) is a remote-sensing technology that holds tremendous promise for mapping snow depth in snow hydrology and avalanche applications. Recently lidar has seen a dramatic widening of applications in the natural sciences, resulting in technological improvements and an increase in the availability of both airborne and ground-based sensors. Modern sensors allow mapping of vegetation heights and snow or ground surface elevations below forest canopies. Typical vertical accuracies for airborne datasets are decimeter-scale with order 1 m point spacings. Ground-based systems typically provide millimeter-scale range accuracy and sub-meter point spacing over 1 m to several kilometers. Many system parameters, such as scan angle, pulse rate and shot geometry relative to terrain gradients, require specification to achieve specific point coverage densities in forested and/or complex terrain. Additionally, snow has a significant volumetric scattering component, requiring different considerations for error estimation than for other Earth surface materials. We use published estimates of light penetration depth by wavelength to estimate radiative transfer error contributions. This paper presents a review of lidar mapping procedures and error sources, potential errors unique to snow surface remote sensing in the near-infrared and visible wavelengths, and recommendations for projects using lidar for snow-depth mapping.
Frères et Sœurs – pour le meilleur et pour le pire
Authors: von Benedek Lisbeth 
Published: June 2013

Loin d’être un simple déplacement des sentiments très ambivalents des enfants pour leurs parents vers la fratrie, les relations fraternelles ont leur propre dynamique. Elles préfigurent le processus de différenciation entre soi et l’autre. Le frère, la sœur – image à la fois du semblable et de l’autre – met en lumière les enjeux archétypiques et pulsionnels qui contribuent fortement à la construction de l’identité et des relations avec les autres. Premières figures de l’altérité, les frères et les sœurs sont des cibles de projection immédiatement disponibles et peuvent incarner des facettes inacceptables de soi-même. L’apprentissage de l’ambivalence des sentiments, mais aussi de la complicité et de la solidarité créées par le partage des premières expériences de la petite enfance au sein de la fratrie, accompagnent toute la vie. Par ailleurs, les complexes fraternels ont un impact sur la dynamique de tout groupe et de toute affiliation.
La mort comme signifiant de rupture
Authors: Barros Gewehr Rodrigo 
Published: June 2013

Cet essai cherche à ajouter quelques arguments concernant les mésententes entre Freud et Jung. Comme l’histoire de la psychologie des profondeurs l’a montré, ces deux chercheurs ont construit une amitié pour ensuite se séparer l’un de l’autre, aussi bien au niveau personnel que théorique. Plusieurs raisons ont déjà été avancées pour rendre compte de cette rupture, mais l’auteur pense qu’il y a encore quelques pièces à ajouter, notamment en ce qui concerne les aspects épistémologiques et ontologiques en jeu dans leur relation théorique. En d’autres termes, leurs conceptions sur la nature de la psyché ont-elles joué un rôle dans les difficultés qui ont mené à la fin de leur collaboration ? Quelques réponses y sont apportées par le biais de leur correspondance, soulignant notamment les rapports qui se dessinent entre les aspects théoriques et leur relation personnelle. La mort, finalement, apparaît comme signifiant de l’impossible dans cette rencontre.
S'attacher à faire ce qui vient à l'esprit
Authors: Delapalme Flore 
Published: June 2013

Abstract En suivant les pas de Jung à la recherche de son mythe, on obtient quelques indications sur la façon de s’y prendre pour « entrer dans ce qui est sien » : s’attacher à faire ce qui vient à l’esprit, à la manière d’un enfant s’adonnant à ses jeux.
Des RI françaises en émergence ?
Authors: Cornut Jérémie , Battistella Dario 
Published: June 2013

Cet article établit un état des lieux des Relations internationales (RI) françaises à partir des réponses obtenues dans le quatrième sondage TRIP ( Teaching, Research, and International Policy ) auquel 3 466 internationalistes de 20 pays différents – et, parmi eux, 101 Français – ont participé en septembre 2011. Le bilan qui ressort de cette étude – portant sur la place des RI dans l’université française, l’éventuelle existence de RI à la française, le positionnement des internationalistes français par rapport aux tendances en cours dans les RI mondiales, leur attitude par rapport aux praticiens des relations internationales, et la question de la langue française – est ambigu : se dessinent les prémices d’une émergence des RI françaises, même si un certain nombre d’éléments invite à relativiser ce constat.
Interactive Emulator System to Aid Clinical Practice Outcomes for Nurses
Authors: Bowtell Les , Kist Alexander A. , Osbourne Daniel , Parker Victoria R. 
Published: June 2013

Clinical practice is a key element of nursing studies programmes. Amongst its aims are familiarisation with medical equipment, appropriate use of clinical reasoning in a ward setting and calculation and delivery of patient medication fluids requirements. The setting for this is typically a simulated ward environment and is structured around group training. While this is cost effective, it does not cater well for minority groups and those wishing to train at their own pace. A number of group dynamic related social issues can also lead to students dominating others within the session. This can result in less than satisfactory learning outcomes for the remainder of the group. Other factors that come into play are the wide age range, social and ethnic backgrounds of the nursing student cohort.
Recent Remote Access Nursing Laboratory work has shown a marked improvement in residential school assessment results in areas such as readiness to practice and clinical reasoning levels demonstrated for those students in the trial nursing RAL project. With the aim of further enhancing the effectiveness and at the same time reducing implementation costs an interactive IV pump emulator was developed. Enhancements included guided introductions, provision of additional scaffolding and inbuilt annotated assessments. This paper discusses the techniques used and general implementation of this system and reports on positive results of the conducted trials.
Effect of Changes to the Manufacturer Application Techniques on the Shear Bond Strength of Simplified Dental Adhesives
Authors: Chasqueira Ana Filipa , Arantes-Oliveira Sofia , Portugal Jaime 
Published: June 2013

Purpose The aim of this work was to assess the shear bond strength (sbs) between a composite resin and dentin, promoted by two dental adhesive systems (one-step self-etching adhesive Easy Bond [3M ESPE], and two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Scotchbond 1XT [3M ESPE]) with different application protocols (per manufacturer's instruction (control group); with one to four additional adhesive layers; or with an extra hydrophobic adhesive layer). Methods Proximal enamel was removed from ninety caries-free human molars to obtain two dentin discs per tooth, which were randomly assigned to twelve experimental groups (n=15). After adhesion protocol, the composite resin (Filtek Z250 [3M ESPE]) was applied. Specimens were mounted in the Watanabe test device and shear bond test was performed in a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls tests (P<0.05). Results The highest SBS mean value was attained with the Easy Bond three layers group (41.23±2.71 MPa) and the lowest with Scotchbond 1XT per manufacturer's instructions (27.15±2.99 MPa). Easy Bond yielded higher SBS values than Scotchbond 1XT. There were no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between the application protocols tested, except for the three and four layers groups, that presented higher SBS results compared to manufacturer's instruction groups (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were detected between the three and four layers groups (P≥0.05). Conclusion It is recommendable to apply three adhesive layers when using Easy Bond and Scotchbond 1XT adhesives, since it improves SBS values without consuming much time.
Womanism, Spirituality, and Self-Health Management Behaviors of African American Older Women
Authors: Harvey Idethia Shevon , Johnson Lashaune , Heath Corliss 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Many older African American women perceive spirituality as an important resource in facilitating the self-management process of their chronic disease conditions. Research designs, which are congruent with theoretical frameworks of African American women, are important. However, many researchers remain unfamiliar with womanist thought or are unsure of how that framework can be used to understand specific aspects of self-management practices. The purpose of this exploratory study is to explicate a womanist epistemological framework that can support the development of self-management intervention designs aimed at assisting older African American women in health-promoting behaviors. Data from a sample of twenty-one African American women were collected from semistructured interviews and analyzed for common themes through narrative analysis. Four themes emerged from the linkage of womanism, spirituality, and self-management. Spiritual- and womanist-based strategies may provide a foundation for innovative self-management programs that target this older African American female population. Healthcare workers and public health professionals can assist in the co-creation of programs that focus on the collective personal responsibility of health promotion practices.
Evaluation of WHO immunologic criteria for treatment failure: implications for detection of virologic failure, evolution of drug resistance and choice of second‐line therapy in India
Authors: Vallabhaneni Snigdha , Chandy Sara , Heylen Elsa , Ekstrand Maria L 
Published: June 2013

IntroductionRoutine HIV viral load (VL) testing is not available in India. We compared test performance characteristics of immunologic failure (IF) against the gold standard of virologic failure (VF), examined evolution of drug resistance among those who stayed on a failing regimen because they did not meet criteria for IF and assessed implications for second‐line therapy.MethodsParticipants on first‐line highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Bangalore, India, were monitored for 24 months at six‐month intervals, with CD4 count, VL and genotype, if VL>1000 copies/ml. Standard WHO criteria were used to define IF; VF was defined as having two consecutive VL>1000 copies/ml or one VL>10,000 copies/ml. Resistance was assessed using standard International AIDS Society‐USA (IAS‐USA) recommendations.ResultsOf 522 participants (67.6% male, mean age of 37.5; 85.1% on nevirapine‐based and 40.4% on d4T‐containing regimens), 57 (10.9%) had VF, 38 (7.3%) had IF and 13 (2.5%) had both VF and IF. The sensitivity of immunologic criteria to detect VF was 22.8%, specificity was 94.6% and positive predictive value was 34.2%. Forty‐four participants with VF only continued on their failing first‐line regimen; by the end of the study period, 90.9% had M184V, 63.6% had thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs), 34.1% had resistance to tenofovir, and 63.6% had resistance to etravirine.ConclusionsWHO IF criteria have low sensitivity for detecting VF, and the presence of IF poorly predicts VF. Relying on CD4 counts leads to unnecessary switches to second‐line HAART and continuation of failing regimens, jeopardizing future therapeutic options. Universal access to VL monitoring would avoid costly switches to second‐line HAART and preserve future treatment options.
Acoustic Skyrmionic Mode Coupling and Transferring in a Chain of Subwavelength Metastructures
Authors: Sun Wen‐Jun , Zhou Nong , Chen Wan‐Na , Sheng Zong‐Qiang , Wu Hong‐Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSkyrmions, a stable topological vectorial textures characteristic with skyrmionic number, hold promise for advanced applications in information storage and transmission. While the dynamic motion control of skyrmions has been realized with various techniques in magnetics and optics, the manipulation of acoustic skyrmion has not been done. Here, the propagation and control of acoustic skyrmion along a chain of metastructures are shown. In coupled acoustic resonators made with Archimedes spiral channel, the skyrmion hybridization is found giving rise to bonding and antibonding skyrmionic modes. Furthermore, it is experimentally observed that the skyrmionic mode of acoustic velocity field distribution can be robustly transferred covering a long distance and almost no distortion of the skyrmion textures in a chain of metastructures, even if a structure defect is introduced in the travel path. The proposed localized acoustic skyrmionic mode coupling and propagating is expected in future applications for manipulating acoustic information storage and transfer.
Prediction of Novel Trigonal Chloride Superionic Conductors as Promising Solid Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wang Yao , Ren Ziang , Zhang Jinsen , Lu Shaohua , Hua Chenqiang , Yuan Huadong , Luo Jianmin , Liu Yujing , Nai Jianwei , Tao Xinyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecently emerging lithium ternary chlorides have attracted increasing attention for solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) due to their favorable combination between ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. However, a noticeable discrepancy in Li‐ion conductivity persists between chloride SSEs and organic liquid electrolytes, underscoring the need for designing novel chloride SSEs with enhanced Li‐ion conductivity. Herein, an intriguing trigonal structure (i.e., Li3SmCl6 with space group P3112) is identified using the global structure searching method in conjunction with first‐principles calculations, and its potential for SSEs is systematically evaluated. Importantly, the structure of Li3SmCl6 exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 15.46 mS cm−1 at room temperature due to the 3D lithium percolation framework distinct from previous proposals, associated with the unique in‐plane cation ordering and stacking sequences. Furthermore, it is unveiled that Li3SmCl6 possesses a wide electrochemical window of 0.73−4.30 V vs Li+/Li and excellent chemical interface stability with high‐voltage cathodes. Several other Li3MCl6 (M = Er, and In) materials with isomorphic structures to Li3SmCl6 are also found to be potential chloride SSEs, suggesting the broader applicability of this structure. This work reveals a new class of ternary chloride SSEs and sheds light on strategy for structure searching in the design of high‐performance SSEs.
Recent Progress and Perspective in Pure Water‐Fed Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Shaik Shajahan , Kundu Joyjit , Yuan Yuliang , Chung Wonsuk , Han Donggu , Lee Ung , Huang Hongwen , Choi Sang‐Il 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) is an emerging device in the green hydrogen production industry, the use of alkaline electrolyte tackles the practicality due to the issues of lowering system efficiency and environmental impacts. State‐of‐the‐art technology using pure water as an electrolyte is advancing to overcome the current challenges of AEMWE. In particular, the development of this technology requires a comprehensive evaluation of techno‐economic aspects, aiming to balance innovation with cost considerations. This involves the critical development of advanced catalysts, membranes, and devices designed for efficiency, as well as assessing their economic viability amidst prevailing technological challenges. This review delves into the timely technical challenges of developing pure water‐fed AEMWE, highlights current progress and research prospects, and suggests opportunities for advancing AEMWE technology. This review also emphasizes the importance of advanced characterization techniques for effective analysis and evaluation in this context.