bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitors or Predators: The Influence of Institutional Investors on Sell-Side Analysts
Authors: Gu Zhaoyang , Li Zengquan , Yang Yong George 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT:
Regulators and the investment community have been concerned that institutional investors pressure financial analysts through trading commission fees to issue optimistic opinions in support of their stock positions. We use a unique dataset that identifies mutual fund companies' allocation of trading commission fees to individual brokerages and provide direct evidence on this issue. In particular, we show that for stocks in which the fund companies have taken large positions, analysts are more optimistic in their stock recommendations when their brokerages receive trading commission fees from these fund companies. The relationship is stronger when the commission fee pressure is greater. The market reacts less favorably to the “Strong Buy” recommendations of analysts facing greater commission fee pressure. The funds also respond negatively to such recommendations in making portfolio adjustments. These results point to a source of analyst bias that has been little explored in the literature.
Data Availability: The data are publically available from the sources identified in the paper.
Currency Translation's Effects on Reported Earnings and Equity: An Instructional Case
Authors: Sorensen Susan M. , Xu Zhaohui , Kyle Donald L. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
As globalization increases and companies expand their foreign operations, their reported results, such as earnings per share, are increasingly affected by the volatility of daily foreign currency exchange (FX) rate fluctuations. The case provides a series of requirements to alert students to the effect that FX rate fluctuations have on reported operating results of a hypothetical company whose accounting records are kept in multiple currencies. The hypothetical company is based on a composite of four comparable real companies. Subsidiaries are located in the Euro Zone and China to highlight the difference between a floating currency experiencing volatility and a managed currency. These currencies allow students to address the uncertainties of sovereign debt crises and changing currency policies by governments. Students research applicable standards, obtain disclosures from Form 10-Ks, obtain FX rates, complete Excel worksheets to translate monthly income into U.S. dollars, observe how reported net income changes with the pattern of monthly income and FX rates, discuss the usefulness of the mandatory disclosure on foreign exchange exposure, address the risk factors affecting future FX rates, compute debt covenant requirements, and assess how the variations of FX rates affect the company's compliance with these debt covenants and its ability to implement its business strategy.
The ‘Aboriginal’ Australian Brain in the Scientific Imagination, c. 1820–1880
Authors: Turnbull Paul 
Published: August 2012

Over the past two decades, historians of colonial Australia have greatly enriched our understanding of how Aboriginality was racially constructed in nineteenth and early twentieth settler discourses. However, there is arguably much that is yet to be understood about how racialist perceptions of Aboriginal people owed their cultural suasiveness to medico-scientific investigation of the Aboriginal body.This essay attempts to go some way towards answering this question by exploring in contextualised detail how anatomists and anthropologists, in the century or so after 1820, construed the morphology of the ‘Aboriginal brain’ and its significance in the evolutionary history of humankind. The essay particularly focuses on explicating the goals of these investigators of the ‘Aboriginal’ brain as they themselves saw them evolving through their uses of evidence and modes of reasoning and argument.Fine grained exploration of how the scientific facticity of the ‘Aboriginal’ brain was constructed is arguably essential if we are to understand how in obvious, but also in many subtle ways, the outcomes of this research figured in the construal of the biological and psychic dimensions of Aboriginality within settler culture, and on the development of policies for governing Aboriginal people. Moreover, it also offers us a useful source of vicarious knowledge for assessing contemporary scientific interest in the ‘Aboriginal’ brain.
Laplace Equations and the Weak Lefschetz Property
Authors: Mezzettiaaa Emilia , Miré-Roig Rosa M. , Ottaviani Giorgio 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe prove that r independent homogeneous polynomials of the same degree d become dependent when restricted to any hyperplane if and only if their inverse system parameterizes a variety whose (d -- 1). osculating spaces have dimension smaller than expected. This gives an equivalence between an algebraic notion (called theWeak Lefschetz Property) and a differential geometric notion, concerning varieties that satisfy certain Laplace equations. In the toric case, some relevant examples are classified, and as a byproduct we provide counterexamples to Ilardi's conjecture.
Long-Term Effects of Hippotherapy on One Child with Cerebral Palsy: A Research Case Study
Authors: Shurtleff Tim , Engsberg Jack 
Published: August 2012

Introduction: This case study followed a 6-year-old child with cerebral palsy for an additional 24 weeks after a 12-week pilot study of hippotherapy (HPOT). Method: Pre-post measures were performed using a video motion capture system before and after 12 weeks, showing head/trunk control improvements. Results: The third measure after 24 more weekly treatments showed no further improvement on the original variables. However, an unanticipated improvement in postural sway was found at the end of 9 months. Conclusion: This suggests that additional investigations are needed with more children with cerebral palsy over longer periods to identify outcomes from extended interventions beyond the 6–12 weeks of most published HPOT studies. Such further work could support better treatment planning and inform discharge criteria considering diminishing returns. The information would provide better evidence-based criteria for referrals and funding. This may make HPOT more accessible for those with disabilities who can benefit in specific and predictable ways.
Using Purposeful Tasks to Improve Motor Performance: Does Object Affordance Matter?
Authors: Hétu Sébastien , Mercier Catherine 
Published: August 2012

Introduction: Purposeful activity is believed to yield better results than meaningless exercises during motor rehabilitation. The objective of this paper is to provide a narrative review of the literature regarding the influence of object affordance on motor performance, a factor that contributes to the purposefulness of a task. Method: Thirty-five reviewed articles were selected following an online search on PubMed, Cinahl and Google Scholar and an inspection of their references. Results of reviewed studies are discussed in relation to (1) the different approaches used to increase object affordance; (2) the influence of clinical conditions on the relationship between object affordance and motor performance; and (3) the influence of object affordance on immediate motor performance vs motor learning. Findings: The three main approaches used to increase object affordance relate to (a) the number of objects used during the task; (b) the functional information that these objects convey; and (c) the functional goals of the task. Reviewed results suggest that increasing object affordance can produce beneficial effects on immediate motor performance and motor learning, and especially support the effect of varying the number of objects. However, most evidence on object affordance has not come from high quality research. Conclusion: Clinicians should favour the use of tasks with high object affordance during both clinical assessment and therapy in order to promote optimal motor performance. More high quality research is needed to assess the influence of object affordance during therapy and on long-term motor learning and clinical outcomes.
Homelessness and Companion Animals: More than Just a Pet?
Authors: Slatter Jessica , Lloyd Chris , King Robert 
Published: August 2012

Purpose: Research identifies the value of animal companionship for people of various ages and with physical and mental health diagnoses. However, there is limited research into the value of animal companionship for the homeless population. Method: This exploratory study aimed to investigate the value that homeless people find in animal companionship; the extent to which homelessness impacts on the ability to have animal companions; and interventions that health professionals can implement to reduce barriers to animal companionship. Twenty-six people were interviewed during Homeless Health Outreach Team outreach. Descriptive analysis of the responses to the semi-structured interviews was carried out. Findings: Results indicated that the majority of participants had given up a pet, and wanted a pet but could not due to their homelessness. The impact of giving up a companion animal was significant. Difficulties associated with pet ownership focused mostly on the living environment and the cost. There were several benefits to having companion animals. Participants viewed that having a pet made a difference to their lives in that it provided friendship and responsibility and contributed to emotional wellbeing. Conclusion: It is suggested that occupational therapists need to be aware of the impact that pet ownership has on the lives of homeless people and to explore ways in which they can assist with this.
Sobre o método ontológico-genético em Filosofia
Authors: Tertulian Nicolas 
Published: August 2012

O ponto de partida do autor é a constatação de que a posição de Lukács no cenário filosófico contemporâneo está longe de ser elucidada. Um pesado silêncio envolve desde há muito tempo suas duas obras de síntese: A Estética e A ontologia do ser social. Em contrapartida, trata-se agora de mostrar que Lukács foi o primeiro a empreender uma genealogia das múltiplas atividades da consciência e de suas objetivações (a economia, o direito, a política e suas instituições, a arte ou a filosofia) a partir da tensão dialética entre subjetividade e objetividade. Ou seja, no pensamento final do filósofo húngaro há um método “ontológico-genético”, visto que ele se dedica a mostrar a estratificação progressiva das atividades do sujeito (por exemplo, atividade utilitária, atividade hedonista e atividade estética), indicando as transições e as mediações, até circunscrever a especificidade de cada uma em função do papel que desempenha na fenomenologia da vida social.
La alfabetización informacional en las Universidades-IES peruanas: Visualización de los niveles de incorporación desde la información publicada en los sitios web de sus bibliotecas
Authors: Uribe Tirado Alejandro 
Published: August 2012

Objetivo. Identificar desde la información disponible en los sitios Web de las bibliotecas de las universidades/instituciones de enseñanza superior (IES) del Perú, los niveles de incorporación que estaría teniendo la alfabetización informacional (ALFIN) como servicio fundamental y transversal de toda biblioteca en el siglo XXI. Método. Partiendo de los postulados del análisis de contenidos Web, se realiza un proceso investigativo registrando la información recopilada, en primer lugar, en una ficha de contenidos, y posteriormente, en una base de datos que permite realizar el análisis comparativo y la presentación gráfica de los resultados. Resultados. Se identificó que en la actualidad desde la información que se presenta en los sitios Web de las universidades-IES del Perú, un porcentaje muy reducido de bibliotecas universitarias se encontrarían realizando acciones de un nivel 1 ó 2 de incorporación de ALFIN, ya que una gran mayoría se encuentra aún desarrollando programas y procesos muy enfocados a la formación de usuarios tradicional, mientras que otra gran mayoría, desafortunadamente, no presenta ninguna acción-información sobre trabajos desde la perspectiva formadora que debe tener toda biblioteca. Conclusiones. Es necesario aunar esfuerzos entre las bibliotecas de las universidades-IES peruanas para que las más adelantadas apoyen los avances de las otras bibliotecas, y así en el tema de ALFIN, poder trabajar colaborativamente en acciones de formación-autoformación, bechmarking, intercambio de recursos y objetos de aprendizaje, entre otras.
Simplifying Gardner’s Labyrinth: The Role of Interpersonal Relationships in Pablo Picasso’s Artistic Development
Authors: Gupta Anoop 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
An attempt is made to demonstrate if not the dispensability of Gardner’s (1983) theory of multiple intelligences, at least that it is not foundational, to understanding what motivated Picasso’s creative development. Gardner used the theory of multiple intelligences to account for the extraordinariness of various figures, including Picasso, who is supposed to illustrate bodily ability and low scholastic aptitude. The theory of multiple intelligences, however, is undetermined by the facts of Picasso’s life. After interpreting Picasso in terms of his interpersonal relations, generic problems with the theory of multiple intelligences are reviewed, and the benefits of assuming a single one are propounded. It is argued that the case of Picasso illustrates the social cognitive and interpersonal dimensions of thinking as such.
Scenes of Aesthetic Education: Rancière, Oedipus, and Notre Musique
Authors: de Boever Arne 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
In an interview titled "The Janus-Face of Politicized Art," Jacques Rancière describes his methodology as follows: "I always try to think in terms of horizontal distributions, combinations between systems of possibilities, not in terms of surface and substratum. Where one searches for the hidden beneath the apparent, a position of mastery is established. I have tried to conceive of a topography that does not presuppose this position of mastery." The aim is to construct "little by little, an egalitarian or anarchist theoretical position that does not presuppose this vertical relationship of top to bottom." In this essay, I ask, first, how we can theorize the two methodologies that Rancière opposes in view of actual practices of aesthetic education. To further this theoretical reflection, I continue with some reflections on a graduate student seminar on aesthetics and politics that I taught in the Master’s Program in Aesthetics and Politics in the School of Critical Studies at the California Institute of the Arts. Rancière’s work was one of the main inspirations for this program, and I reflect in this essay on how the methodology of horizontal distributions is played out in the aesthetic education that the program offers. In the third and fourth parts of this essay, I explore the ways in which these different methodologies circulate in what I am calling in my title two "scenes of aesthetic education": the first is Oedipus’s confrontation with the Sphinx in Sophocles’s famous play; the second is Jean-Luc Godard’s discussion of the shot reverse shot film technique in his film Notre Musique. Each of these scenes enables one to understand much about Rancière’s methodology and its importance for aesthetic education.
Biomimetic Architectures for the Impedimetric Discrimination of Influenza Virus Phenotypes
Authors: Wicklein Bernd , del Burgo M. Ángeles Martín , Yuste María , Carregal‐Romero Ester , Llobera Andreu , Darder Margarita , Aranda Pilar , Ortín Juan , del Real Gustavo , Fernández‐Sánchez César , Ruiz‐Hitzky Eduardo 
Published: August 2012

AbstractRapid discrimination of avian vs. human phenotypes of emerging influenza A virus isolates with pandemic potential is an important issue in pathogenesis and epidemiology studies of the infection. In this work, functional architectures are tailored on the surface of a gold electrode, introducing receptor molecules as a sensing entity that mimics those found in the membrane of target cells of the influenza A virus and with the aim of developing an impedimetric‐based detector for influenza A virus phenotyping. In a bottom‐up approach, the artificial receptors are built by sequential assembly of a 1‐octanethiol/octyl‐galactoside hybrid bilayer, followed by an enzyme‐mediated functionalization of the terminal galactoside groups with sialic acid molecules. The detection mechanism relies hence on the specific affinity between the sialic acid‐galactose receptor moieties anchored on the modified electrode surface and the hemagglutinin (HA) viral surface protein. By using the appropriate type of sialyltransferase enzyme, sialylation of galactose residues is made through α‐2,3 or α‐2,6 linkages. This permits the envisaged impedimetric detector to discriminate rapidly between avian vs. human strains of influenza A virus with the absence of elaborate sample preparation steps. In contrast to immunosensors based on antibodies as bioreceptor, the sialylated modified gold electrode is also able to distinguish among influenza phenotypes, which could make the here presented detector a reagentless, label‐free diagnostic device for influenza phenotyping.
Factors Affecting the Performance of Farmer Companies in Sri Lanka: Lessons for Farmer‐Owned Marketing Firms
Authors: Rosairo H. S. Rohitha , Lyne Michael C. , Martin Sandra K. , Moore Kevin 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTSri Lanka introduced farmer companies to link smallholders with high‐value markets. This study examines how the institutional, group, and management characteristics of these farmer companies affect their performance. Theories about causal relationships are tested using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The results indicate that farmer companies perform better when shares are tradable between members, and patrons pay and receive market‐related prices for their inputs and products. All directors should be nominated by shareholders and voting should be conducted by secret ballot. To strengthen accountability, the right to hire and fire executive managers should vest with the board of directors and should not be appropriated by government agencies that facilitate these companies. Although directors and managers should monitor shareholder views, they must take policy and strategic decisions themselves as failure to centralize decision‐making results in severe influence problems. Farmer company performance is compromised by the absence of well‐defined and regularly observed processes to develop and implement strategies, and by inadequate or inappropriate management skills. These management problems may diminish if government facilitators had a clear exit plan from the time the company is established as this would help to focus their attention on the critical task of empowering farmer shareholders to direct and administer their company. [EconLit Citations: Q130, Q010].
Autothermal Metal Recovery from WEEE by Energy Optimized Zero Waste Metallurgy
Authors: Maurell‐Lopez Sebastian , Eschen Marcus , Ayhan Mehmet , Friedrich Bernd 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEin autothermer Prozess zum Recycling von Elektronikschrott wurde untersucht. Dazu wurde in Kleinversuchsserien an zwei verschiedenen Elektronikschrottfraktionen ein Prozessfenster ermittelt, das anschließend in Versuchen im Demonstrationsmaßstab angewendet wurde. Das Ziel einer Rückgewinnungsrate von > 97 % für Kupfer und Edelmetalle und Erzeugung einer marktfähigen Mineralphase wurden übertroffen.
Synthesis of Functionalized 2‐Aminopyrroles by Lewis Acid Catalyzed Ring‐opening of 1,1,2,3‐Tetrasubstituted Cyclopropanes with Arylamines
Authors: Han Ying , Fu Qin , Tang Wanquan , Yan Chaoguo 
Published: August 2012

AbstractUnder the catalysis of Lewis acid Co(ClO4)2 the reaction of the sterically hindered 1,1,2,3‐tetrasubstituted cyclopropanes with arylamines in refluxing THF gave the functionalized 2‐aminopyrroles with sequential ring‐opening of cyclopropane, nucleophilic substitution, nucleophilic addition of cyano group and recyclization processes.
Domino Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling of 2‐Aryl Acetals with Ketones Using DDQ as Oxidant and Reactant Precursor
Authors: Li Jiangsheng , Cai Feifei , Li Zhiwei , Xue Yuan , Cheng Chao , Liu Weidong , Cao Zhong 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA novel domino cross dehydrogenative coupling of 2‐aryl acetals with unmodified ketones has been developed, using DDQ as both the oxidant and reactant precursor.
β‐Secretase (BACE1) inhibition causes retinal pathology by vascular dysregulation and accumulation of age pigment
Authors: Cai Jun , Qi Xiaoping , Kociok Norbert , Skosyrski Sergej , Emilio Alonso , Ruan Qing , Han Song , Liu Li , Chen Zhijuan , Bowes Rickman Catherine , Golde Todd , Grant Maria B. , Saftig Paul , Serneels Lutgarde , de Strooper Bart , Joussen Antonia M. , Boulton Michael E. 
Published: August 2012

Abstractβ‐Secretase (BACE1) is a major drug target for combating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we show that BACE1−/− mice develop significant retinal pathology including retinal thinning, apoptosis, reduced retinal vascular density and an increase in the age pigment, lipofuscin. BACE1 expression is highest in the neural retina while BACE2 was greatest in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid. Pigment epithelial‐derived factor, a known regulator of γ‐secretase, inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐induced in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis and this is abolished by BACE1 inhibition. Moreover, intravitreal administration of BACE1 inhibitor or BACE1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) increases choroidal neovascularization in mice. BACE1 induces ectodomain shedding of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) which is a prerequisite for γ‐secretase release of a 100 kDa intracellular domain. The increase in lipofuscin following BACE1 inhibition and RNAI knockdown is associated with lysosomal perturbations. Taken together, our data show that BACE1 plays a critical role in retinal homeostasis and that the use of BACE inhibitors for AD should be viewed with extreme caution as they could lead to retinal pathology and exacerbate conditions such as age‐related macular degeneration.
Synergy of photoacoustic and fluorescence flow cytometry of circulating cells with negative and positive contrasts
Authors: Nedosekin Dmitry A. , Sarimollaoglu Mustafa , Galanzha Ekaterina I. , Sawant Rupa , Torchilin Vladimir P. , Verkhusha Vladislav V. , Ma Jie , Frank Markus H. , Biris Alexandru S. , Zharov Vladimir P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn vivo photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence flow cytometry were previously applied separately using pulsed and continuous wave lasers respectively, and positive contrast detection mode only. This paper introduces a real‐time integration of both techniques with positive and negative contrast modes using only pulsed lasers. Various applications of this new tool are summarized, including detection of liposomes loaded with Alexa‐660 dye, red blood cells labeled with Indocyanine Green, B16F10 melanoma cells co‐expressing melanin and green fluorescent protein (GFP), C8161‐GFP melanoma cells targeted by magnetic nanoparticles, MTLn3 adenocarcinoma cells expressing novel near‐infrared iRFP protein, and quantum dot‐carbon nanotube conjugates. Negative contrast flow cytometry provided label‐free detection of low absorbing or weakly fluorescent cells in blood absorption and autofluorescence background, respectively. The use of pulsed laser for time‐resolved discrimination of objects with long fluorescence lifetime (e.g., quantum dots) from shorter autofluorescence background (e.g., blood plasma) is also highlighted in this paper. The supplementary nature of PA and fluorescence detection increased the versatility of the integrated method for simultaneous detection of probes and cells having various absorbing and fluorescent properties, and provided verification of PA data using a more established fluorescence based technique. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)