bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Bone Repair in Diabetic Rats with Metformin‐Modified Silicified Collagen Scaffolds
Authors: Wang Yi‐Rong , Zhang Xiao‐Xia , Chen Xu‐Xu , Yin Xin‐Hua , Yang Ming , Jiang Kuo , Liu Shi‐Chang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRegenerating bone defects in diabetic rats presents a significant challenge due to the detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species and impaired autophagy on bone healing. To address these issues, a metformin‐modified biomimetic silicified collagen scaffold is developed utilizing the principles of biomimetic silicification. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the scaffold enhanced bone tissue regeneration within the diabetic microenvironment through the release of dual bio‐factors. Further analysis reveals a potential therapeutic mechanism whereby these dual bio‐factors synergistically promoted osteogenesis in areas of diabetic bone defects by improving mitochondrial autophagy and maintaining redox balance. The present study provides critical insights into the advancement of tissue engineering strategies aimed at bone regeneration in diabetic patients. The study also sheds light on the underlying biological mechanisms.
iSECRETE: Integrating Microfluidics and DNA Proximity Amplification for Synchronous Single‐Cell Activation and IFN‐γ Secretion Profiling
Authors: Lu Ri , Ang Yan Shan , Cheung Ka‐Wai , Quek Kai Yun , Sin Wei‐Xiang , Lee Elizabeth , Lim Shir Lynn , Yung Lin‐Yue Lanry , Birnbaum Michael E. , Han Jongyoon , Cheow Lih Feng , Zeming Kerwin Kwek 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCytokines, crucial in immune modulation, impact disease progression when their secretion is dysregulated. Existing methods for profiling cytokine secretion suffer from time‐consuming and labor‐intensive processes and often fail to capture the dynamic nature of immune responses. Here, iSECRETE, an integrated platform that enables synchronous cell activation, wash‐free, and target‐responsive protein detection for single‐cell IFN‐γ cytokine secretion analysis within 30 min at room temperature is presented. By incorporating a DNA proximity assay (DPA) into a multifunctional microfluidic system, one‐pot homogenous cytokine signal amplification, with a limit of detection of ≈50 secreted molecules per cell is achieved. iSECRETE can robustly handle various sample types that are shown. Two distinct immune activation assay modalities are demonstrated on iSECRETE. Finally, the detection of single‐cell IFN‐γ secretion as an activation hallmark of chimeric antigen receptor T cells within 6 h of exposure to cancer targets is shown. iSECRETE represents the fastest single‐cell sample‐to‐result cytokine secretion assay to date, providing a powerful tool for advancing the understanding of biological phenotypes, functions, and pathways under in vivo‐like conditions.
Dairy manure influences soil properties, plant nutrient uptake, and tuber quality in potatoes
Authors: Moore Amber , Leytem April , Olsen Nora , Price William , Dungan Robert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDairy manure applications are a common practice in Idaho potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production, however the impacts on tuber yield and quality are not well understood. Our objectives were to determine (1) how repeated dairy manure applications impact soil properties and plant nutrient uptake, and (2) how these changes influence plant nutrient interactions, tuber yield, and quality. Stockpiled dairy manure was fall‐applied over a 6‐year period to two adjacent potato production fields in Kimberly, ID. Eight treatments included application frequency (annual and biennial), manure application rate (18, 36, and 52 Mg ha−1 application−1 [dry weight basis]), fertilizer‐only, and a non‐amended control. Manure treatments were supplemented with fertilizer to prevent nutrient‐limiting conditions. Compared to fertilizer treatments, mean soil organic matter, total N, and K were greater for annual manure by 53%, 47%, and 426%, and biennial manure by 24%, 23%, and 199%, respectively. For annual applications only, mean soil nitrate, P, and electrical conductivity were greater than fertilizer treatments by 247%, 431%, and 222%, respectively. Manure promoted P and K luxury consumption with increasing application rate and frequency. Foliage Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, and Cu correlated negatively against foliage K, potentially due to cation competition and translocation disruption. Annual applications decreased mean tuber specific gravity from 1.078 to 1.073, which may be attributed to saline‐sodic conditions and delayed maturity from late‐season N mineralization. Our findings suggest that biennial manure applications may prevent specific gravity issues. Agronomic parameters related to N, K, and soluble salts should be closely monitored in these systems.
Agronomic performance and dry matter yield stability of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes in Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Mossie Tesfa , Biratu Kasa , Yifred Hilena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the yield performance and stability of 10 Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes. A completely randomized design with three replications was used to assess these genotypes. Genotype and genotype × environment (GGE) interaction and additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) biplot models were utilized for analysis. The combined results indicated a significant (p ≤ 0.05) impact on dry matter yield and other agronomic traits. Genotypes and environments contributed to 26.93% and 52.17% of the observed variation in dry matter yield, respectively. The GGE and AMMI biplot models identified promising genotypes based on mean dry matter yield and stability. G3, G1, and G10 genotypes were highlighted as stable with high dry matter yield across different environments compared to others, AMMI analysis also revealed that they had above‐average dry matter yield, minimal deviation from the regression line (S2di), and a regression coefficient close to one, which indicated their desirability and stability. Among the 10 genotypes, these Napier grass genotypes were considered the most desirable and stable due to their characteristics. H18 had a longer vector and a small angle with average environmental axis (AEA), making it an ideal environment for selecting superior genotypes accurately. In conclusion, G3 and G1 were identified as ideal genotype candidates for broader utilization under similar environmental conditions.
Biomarker‐induced gold aggregates enable activatable near‐infrared‐II photoacoustic image‐guided radiosensitization
Authors: Fu Qinrui , Wei Chuang , Yang Xiao , Wang Mengzhen , Song Jibin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCurrent radiotherapy (RT) lacks the ability to accurately discriminate between tumor and healthy tissues, resulting in significant radiation‐induced damage for patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for precise RT techniques that can optimize tumor control while minimizing adverse effects on surrounding healthy tissues. In this study, we developed a nanodrug (AuNR@Peptide) composed of furin‐responsive RVRR peptide‐conjugated AuNRs, which integrates an activatable probe and a radiosensitizer into a single system for accurate tumor localization, enabling image‐guided precision RT. Upon reaching the tumor site after intravenous administration, proteolytic cleavage of RVRR substrates on AuNR@Peptide by biomarker triggers aggregation of gold nanorods (AuNRs) into larger aggregates, leading to activation of near‐infrared (NIR)‐II photoacoustic (PA) signals to precisely localize the tumor and enhance tumor retention by preventing migration and backflow of AuNRs. This significantly amplifies radiosensitivity efficiency. The peak time point at which the NIR‐II PA signal was observed at the tumor site after injection serves as a reference for initiating RT, demonstrating substantial improvement in tumor RT through investigations related to radiosensitization mechanisms. The integration of imaging and therapy in this study offers a promising image‐guided therapeutic modality for tumors.
Isothiourea‐Catalysed Acylative Kinetic Resolution of Tertiary Pyrazolone Alcohols
Authors: Westwood Matthew T. , Omar Farah Abdikani , Wise Henry B. , Sinfield Mike , Robichon Camille , Prindl Martha I. , Cordes David B. , Ha‐Yeong Cheong Paul , Smith Andrew D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of methods for the selective acylative kinetic resolution (KR) of tertiary alcohols is a recognised synthetic challenge with relatively few successful substrate classes reported to date. In this manuscript, a highly enantioselective isothiourea‐catalysed acylative KR of tertiary pyrazolone alcohols is reported. The scope and limitations of this methodology have been developed, with high selectivity observed across a broad range of substrate derivatives incorporating varying substitution at N(2)‐, C(4)‐ and C(5)‐, as well as bicyclic constraints within the pyrazolone scaffold (30 examples, selectivity factors (s) typically >100) at generally low catalyst loadings (1 mol %). The application of this KR method to tertiary alcohols derived directly from a natural product (geraniol), alongside pharmaceutically relevant drug compounds (indomethacin, gemfibrozil and probenecid), with high efficiency (s >100) is also described. The KR process is readily amenable to scale up using bench grade solvents and reagents, with effective resolution on a 50 g (0.22 mol) scale demonstrated. The key structural motif leading to excellent selectivity in this KR process has been probed through computation, with an NC=O⋅⋅⋅isothiouronium interaction from substrate to acylated catalyst observed within the favoured transition state. Similarly, the effect of C(5)‐aryl substitution that leads to reduced experimental selectivity is probed, with a competitive π–isothiouronium interaction identified as leading to reduced selectivity.
Impact of oxidized sucrose as a bio‐based crosslinker on thermoformable films made from lupin protein isolate (Lupinus angustifolius L.)
Authors: Maidl Maximilian , Englberger Heidi , Abbasnia Amirhossein , Van Opdenbosch Daniel , Zollfrank Cordt 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of oxidized sucrose (OS) on selected functional properties of cast films from lupin protein isolate (LPI). LPI with a protein content larger than 0.9 g g−1 was obtained by alkaline extraction and isoelectric precipitation from bitter narrow‐leaved lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.). OS was synthesized by vicinal diol cleavage using sodium periodate and was successfully characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared‐, 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and aldehyde titration. Films were produced from heated (85°C, 30 min), alkaline (pH 10), aqueous solutions of LPI (0.1 mL−1), glycerol (300 mg g−1 of LPI) and OS (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg g−1 of LPI). The effect of covalent crosslinking between OS and protein chains was studied by investigating mechanical properties, moisture content, total soluble matter, water vapor permeability, and protein solubility for all films. LPI films produced with the addition of OS showed increased mechanical performance as the tensile strength was increased from 3.5 up to 9.3 MPa and elongation at break values could be raised from 118% to 176%. Taken together with the facts that these films are thermoformable and show improved wet strength compared with control films, make them promising materials for sustainable packaging and short‐term applications in agriculture and forestry.
Fabrication and performance evaluation of an innovative asymmetric polyethersulfone composite membrane for efficient methyl blue filtration
Authors: Wu Jianming , Ma Qian , Pang Qingkai , Xu Qinjie , Geng Lihong , Peng Xiangfang , Chen Zhenming , Li Peng , Chen Yukun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGiven the toxicity of wastewater pollutants to both humans and the environment, it is critical to develop a new synthetic membrane with superior permeability and rejection. Herein, a novel asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) composite filtration membrane was successfully prepared using a simple alternating vacuum‐deposition process with positively charged chitosan and negatively charged cellulose nanofibrils as polycations and polyanions, respectively. As expected, the produced PES composite filtration membranes had a compressed and negatively charged surface, which prevented the anionic dye methyl blue (MB) molecules from infiltrating into the membrane matrix. Consequently, the resulting PES composite filtration membranes exhibited an extremely high MB rejection (99.7%) and a satisfactory flux (37.47 L h−1 m−2 MPa−1). In addition, the composite membrane demonstrated extremely selective removal of anionic dyes in the presence of neutral dyes due to the Donnan effect. Furthermore, the developed PES composite filtration membranes displayed exceptional long‐term stability (99.8% rejection and 36.5 L h−1 m−2 MPa−1 flux after 50 h of filtration) and recycling properties (90.1% flux recovery rate after 3 cycles of running). In conclusion, the PES composite filtration membranes prepared in this study presented great potential in wastewater filtering.
A unified framework to investigate and interpret hybrid and allopolyploid biodiversity across biological scales
Authors: Krieg Christopher P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPremiseHybridization and polyploidization are common in vascular plants and important drivers of biodiversity by facilitating speciation and ecological diversification. A primary limitation to making broad synthetic discoveries in hybrid and allopolyploid biodiversity research is the absence of a standardized framework to compare data across studies and biological scales.MethodsHere, I present a new quantitative framework to investigate and interpret patterns in hybrid and allopolyploid biology called the divergence index (DI). The DI framework produces standardized data that are comparable across studies and variables. To show how the DI framework can be used to synthesize data, I analyzed published biochemical, physiological, and ecological trait data of hybrids and allopolyploids. I also apply key ecological and evolutionary concepts in hybrid and polyploid biology to translate nominal outcomes, including transgression, intermediacy, expansion, and contraction, in continuous DI space.ResultsBiochemical, physiological, ecological, and evolutionary data can all be analyzed, visualized, and interpreted in the DI framework. The DI framework is particularly suited to standardize and compare variables with very different scales. When using the DI framework to understand niche divergence, a metric of niche overlap can be used to complement insights to centroid and breadth changes.DiscussionThe DI framework is an accessible framework for hybrid and allopolyploid biology and represents a flexible and intuitive tool that can be used to reconcile outstanding problems in plant biodiversity research.
Adaptive fault‐tolerant control for air cushion vehicle with fixed‐time convergence
Authors: Dan Bai , Mingyu Fu , Hanbo Deng , Qiusu Wang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a fixed‐time convergence adaptive sliding mode fault‐tolerant controller (ASFTC) to address the air cushion vehicle (ACV) trajectory tracking problem under unknown environmental disturbances and actuator faults. The introduced method enhances the robustness and reduces the chattering of the controller, by proposing an initial state‐independent fixed‐time convergence method combined with a global sliding mode surface which has the advantage of quickly reaching the “sliding mode”. The model knowledge neural network (MKNN) method is employed to eliminate uncertain parameter effects, and it adjusts disturbance and fault estimates in real time based on tracking errors without the need for upper‐bound disturbance information and additional observer compensation. Finally, simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive fault‐tolerant control system.
Li‐Ion Storage and Diffusivity in Sulfurized Polybutadiene Containing Covalently Bound Sulfur as a Polysulfide Shuttle‐Free Cathode Material for Li−S Batteries
Authors: Muduli Sadananda , Boecker Marcel , Prädel Leon , Neumann Christof , Du Qian , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, a new polymer has been explored as a cathode host for lithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs). Sulfurized polybutadiene materials were synthesized by a single‐step, scalable, and easily tailored heat treatment method. The optimized synthesis process allows for high sulfur loadings of up to 50 wt %. Thermogravimetric analysis‐mass spectrometry (TGA‐MS) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies confirm that the sulfur is covalently bound to the polymeric backbone, which overcomes the otherwise common capacity‐fading polysulfide shuttle effect of lithium‐sulfur (LSBs) batteries. The absence of free elemental sulfur in the synthesized active materials allows for a stable capacity of up to 1200 mAh g−1 at a rate of C/20. The porous polymer networks reduce the pulverization of the cathode during cycling, resulting in long‐term cycling stability of 1500 continuous galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) cycles. Capacity contribution studies depict that at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1, the sulfurized polybutadiene cathode‐based cells have 65 % capacitive and 35 % diffusive contribution of the total charge stored. A comprehensive study on Li‐ion storage with capacity contribution and diffusion studies of polysulfide shuttle‐free sulfurized polybutadiene cathode material for LSBs is presented.
Unveiling the Chemical Constituents and Inhibitory Roles of Extracts from Pinus Pinea L. Nut and Nutshell: a Novel Source for Pharmaceutical Antimicrobials
Authors: Unver Tuba , Gurhan Ismet 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAntibiotic resistance in infectious diseases has been a serious problem for the last century, and scientists have focused on discovering new natural antimicrobial agents. Pinus pinea has been used as a natural pharmacotherapeutic agent with antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and high antioxidant properties. In this study, GC‐MS and LC‐HR/MS were employed to analyze Pinus pinea L. nut and nutshell extracts. DPPH radical scavenging assay was performed to analyze the antioxidant properties of the extracts, but no activity was determined. GC‐MS analysis showed that linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids were the three most dominant fatty acids in nut and nutshell extracts, with ratios between 6.75 % and 47.06 % (v/v). LC‐HR/MS revealed that the nutshell methanol extract had a higher phenolic content than other extracts, with vanillic acid (1.4071 mg/g). Antimicrobial activity assays showed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extracts varied between 5.94 and 190 mg/mL, and the most significant inhibition was seen in the nutshell methanol extract (MICs: between 5.94 and 47.5 mg/mL). Consequently, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts can be attributed to the dense fatty acids they contain, and the nutshell methanol extract showed the most potent inhibition related to the abundance of phenolic compounds in the extract.
Caseous mitral annulus calcification: A forgotten benign condition mimicking cardiac mass, a case report
Authors: Nèji Henda , Bennour Emna , Baccouche Ines , Kechaou Salma , Kammoun Ikram , Affes Meriem , Hantous‐Zannad Saoussen 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageCaseous mitral annulus calcification is a rare benign condition that can be misdiagnosed on echocardiography especially when it presents as a mass. This report highlights the contribution of cardiac MRI and computed tomography to the diagnosis through the case of a patient previously treated for breast cancer.AbstractWe report the case of a patient, previously treated for breast cancer, in whom echocardiography suggested the diagnosis of a cardiac tumor due the presence of a mass on the posterior mitral annulus. Cardiac magnetic resonance was inconclusive. Computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis of caseous mitral annulus calcification.
Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Development of Azobenzene‐Spiropyran@Gold Nanoparticles for Controlled Singlet Oxygen Generation
Authors: Hau‐Ting Wei Jack , Cai‐Syaun Wu Melody , Chiang Chuan‐Kuei , Huang Pei‐Hsuan , Gong Tianxun , Yong Ken‐Tye , Voon Kong Kien 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of durable photosensitizers is pivotal for advancing phototherapeutic applications in biomedicine. Here, we introduce a core‐shell azobenzene‐spiropyran structure on gold nanoparticles, engineered to enhance singlet oxygen generation. These nano‐photosensitizers exhibit increased structural stability and thermal resistance, as demonstrated by slowed O−N−C bond recombination dynamics via in‐situ Raman spectroscopy. Notably, the in‐situ formation of merocyanine and a light‐induced compact shell arrangement extend its half‐life from 47 minutes to over 154 hours, significantly boosting singlet oxygen output. The nano‐photosensitizer also shows high biocompatibility and notably inhibits tau protein aggregation in neural cells, even with phosphatase inhibitors. Further, it promotes dendritic growth in neuro cells, doubling typical lengths. This work not only advances chemical nanotechnology but also sets a foundation for developing long‐lasting phototherapy agents for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Urea Ligand‐Promoted Chainwalking Heteroannulation for the Synthesis of 6‐ and 7‐membered Azaheterocycles
Authors: Monteferrante Owen E. , Houghtling Kaitlyn E. , Kropiwnicki Aidan R. , Paradine Shauna M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTypical approaches to heterocycle construction require significant changes in synthetic strategy even for a change as minor as increasing the ring size. The ability to access multiple heterocyclic scaffolds through a common synthetic approach, simply through trivial modification of one reaction component, would enable facile access to diverse libraries of structural analogues of core scaffolds. Here, we show that urea‐derived ligands effectively promote Pd‐mediated chainwalking processes to enable remote heteroannulation for the rapid construction of six‐ and seven‐membered azaheterocycles under essentially identical reaction conditions. This method demonstrates good functional group tolerance and effectively engages sterically hindered substrates. In addition, this reaction is applicable to target‐oriented synthesis, demonstrated through the formal synthesis of antimalarial alkaloid galipinine.
Synthesis, Structures, and Properties for PIII‐Doped Hetero‐Buckybowls and Their Phosphonium Salts
Authors: Feng Lijun , Hua Xinqiang , Shang Jihai , Feng Yawei , Yuan Chengshan , Liu Zitong , Zhang Hao‐Li , Shao Xiangfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDoping polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with heteroatoms enables manipulation of their electronic structures. Herein, the structures and properties of phosphorus (P) doped heterosumanenes (HSEs) are regulated by varying the valence states of P‐dopant. The phosphine sulfide (PV) and chalcogens (S, Se, Te) co‐doped HSEs (1‐3) are reduced to trivalent phosphorus (PIII) doped analogues 4–6. Then, the PIII‐dopants on 4–6 are converted to phosphonium salts (R4P+), giving 7–9. The valence states of P‐dopant show great influence on molecular geometries and electronic structures. Taking P and S co‐doped HSEs as example, bowl‐depths increase in the order of 1 (PV)<7 (R4P+)<4 (PIII), and the HOMO energy levels and HOMO‐LUMO gaps increase to be 7<1<4. Consistent with the theoretical calculation, the first oxidation potentials decrease and the absorption/emission bands show blue shift from 7 to 1 to 4. The transformation of PV to PIII leads to large variations on the coordination with Ag+, owing to the alteration of coordination site from P=S to PIII. The phosphonium salts show ring‐opening of phosphole rings under electrochemical reduction. It is found that chalcogen atoms play pivotal roles on coordination patterns of coordination complexes and the conversion rates of ring‐opening reactions.