bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of the Pre-Engineered Building and Conventional Steel Building
Authors: Varshitha M. , Chandra Mohan Rao B D V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEBs) are the most preferred choice for construction due to their cost-effectiveness and quick construction process. In comparison to traditional steel buildings, PEBs are optimized steel structures that save material about 20 to 30%. This study focuses on the comparision of PEB and CSB in terms of steel take off. The aim of this study is to give valuable insights into efficiency and cost effectiveness of utilizing steel in these two construction methods. Also, to improve understanding of optimal steel usage practices for multiple construction projects by examining the differences between pre-engineered and conventional steel buildings.
Based on the building’s geometrical characteristics such as roof angle, length, breadth, height, bay spacing, and location of the structure, the need for steel is determined. A typical PEB and CSB have been modelled and analysed based on several factors in this project work using Staad Pro software. Based on IS 875 and IS 1893, different types of loads have been computed. These loads have been applied to the Staad Pro model and examined. For the analysis, more than 70 different load combinations were taken into account.
The various response parameters such as shear force, bending moment, axial force, support reactions are compared. The amount of steel required for a PEB against a CSB has been compared. The structures have been analysed both for wind load and seismic loads and the critical load combination has been determined. The amount of steel required for PEB is lesser by 24.90 % compared to CSB.
Study on Non-Linear Behavior of Unstiffened Steel Plate Shear Walled Building Frames
Authors: Shivani Abboju , Alapati Mallika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In recent years, Steel Plate Shear Walls (SPSW) have become popular as effective systems for lateral load resistance for building structures. Due to reduction in the dead load, adequate lateral stiffness, high energy dissipation capacity and good ductility, steel plate shear walls are proven to give economic solutions for building systems. The structural behavior of SPSWs is dependent on various parameters and one of them being thickness.
The present study focuses on investigating the non-linear behavior of SPSW with beam and column-connected infill plates with varied thicknesses and different locations of SPSWs. A 10-storey building frame with a 12m x 12 m plan area is considered for the numerical study. Initially, Nonlinear static analysis, often known as pushover analysis is carried out based on the response spectrum analysis results. Parametric studies are carried out with different thicknesses and different locations of SPSW. Based on the responses like force-deformation relationship results, inter- storey drift feasible SPSW for better nonlinear static performance is presented.
Assessment of Construction Demolition Waste (CDW) with Polypropylene Fibre by Using Mechanical Characteristics and Microscopic Analysis for Sustainable Pavement Material
Authors: Madhu Eishamalla , Harinder D 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The current study investigated the performance of rubber concrete by fully replacing coarse aggregate with construction-demolished waste (CDW) and fine aggregate with natural sand (NS) and recycled sand (RS) by using polypropylene. The test samples were prepared with CDW, NS, RS, and an addition of polypropylene (PPF) at various percentages, such as 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%. This study examines the enhancing properties of concrete mix, such as compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and fracture analysis of concrete mix. Further, the study also focused on the elements in the concrete mix and its microstructure arrangement, which were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The study concludes that the higher compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength at CDW-100%, RS-90%, and 10% replacement of PPF are 28.76 Mpa, 2.06 Mpa, and 2.5 Mpa, respectively. In the other case, the maximum strength was obtained with the replacement of 8% of PPF along with 92% of RS. The study addressed the higher compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength at 28.92 Mpa, 2.26 Mpa, and 3.1 Mpa, respectively, at 8 percent PPF. The SEM tests were conducted to determine the combination of cementitious paste and the structural arrangement of the concrete mix with polypropylene fibre. The study results show better performance and understanding in making use of CDW and CR in pavement application. The study indicated the effective utilisation of waste material in pavement structures while reducing environmental concerns.
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Foundation: “A Review of Bearing Capacity and Settlement Behaviour Studies”
Authors: Kommu Suresh , Pranay Cheela , Prashanthi Pandiri , Vamshi Chatamoni , Sravanth Poreddy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In regions where the soil conditions exhibit softness, engineering endeavours frequently encounter obstacles such as significant settlement and restricted load-bearing capability of shallow foundations. In order to address these challenges and to have the safety of infrastructure, it is vital to utilize techniques for improving the ground. The emergence of polymer materials has paved the way for the progression of technology for Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) foundation treatment, which is extensively applied in the construction of highways, railways, and buildings. Geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) involves the incorporation of geosynthetic materials, often reinforced with polymers, into the soil to enhance its mechanical and engineering properties. This reinforcement serves to improve the distribution of loads, reduce settlement, and ultimately amplify the overall bearing capacity.
Experimental Analysis of Composite Paver Block Using Bagasse Ash and Crushed Clay Brick
Authors: Kumar Anant , Shakar Abhigyan , Lonhare Mayush , Verma Balraj , Dhruw Harsh Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study looks at the environmental effects of producing paver blocks using traditional cement, which is resource-intensive and emits greenhouse gases. By using waste materials like bagasse ash and broken clay brick, the study seeks to increase the compressive strength of paver blocks while boosting environmental friendliness. When used in place of cement, bagasse ash, which is known for its pozzolanic qualities, improves mechanical strength and durability while requiring less heat during hydration. Because of their natural resilience, crushed clay bricks are used as fine aggregates. In the experimental testing, up to 15% of the cement was replaced with bagasse ash and up to 35% of the fine aggregate with crushed clay brick. The discoveries help to reduce production expenses as well as the price of the concrete paver block and environmental benefits such as reduced carbon footprint and minimized landfill contributions. The importance of sustainable practices in building materials is emphasized by this study,
Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Ternary Blended Geopolymer Concrete using Fly ash, GGBS and Alccofine
Authors: Reddy Bharath Simha , Siempu Rakesh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the present context of sustainable development, the entire construction sector is focusing on reducing the carbon dioxide emissions. Geopolymer concrete is an alternate to the traditional cement concrete which has no cement thereby reducing the CO2 emissions. Geopolymer concrete attains the requisite strength through the process of polymerization instead of hydration as in case of the traditional cement concrete. In the geopolymer concrete, fly ash is the binder which participates in the process of polymerization along with the alkali’s like NaOH and Na2SiO3. In the current study, the ternary blended geopolymer concrete was made using Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash (FA) and Alccofine as binder materials. In the first stage geopolymer concrete using fly ash was developed. In the second stage, the binary blend geopolymer concrete was developed using two binders Fly Ash and GGBS. Finally, Alccofine was included as the ternary binder in the geopolymer concrete. Two grades of concrete with different binder contents and alkaline to binder ratio were developed having 28-day compressive strengths of 40 & 65 MPa. The mixes were cast and tested for the mechanical properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexure strength at 7 & 28 days. The results of ternary blended geopolymer were compared with the results of fly ash based geopolymer concrete and binary blend geopolymer concrete. It was observed from experimental results that ternary blend geopolymer concrete has shown better results compared to the binary blend as well as FA based geopolymer concrete.
Synergistic Integration of Mn-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles with Hibiscus Nano-Host Matrix: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Applications
Authors: Naga Bhaskararao Y. , Tirumala Rao B. , Rupa Venkateswara Rao B. , Naveen Kumar B.V. , Rajyalakshmi Ch. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the present study delves into the synthesis and characterization of a novel nanocomposite, achieved by integrating manganese doped zinc oxide nanoparticles within the unique nano-host matrix of Hibiscus. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the crystalline nature of the prepared sample. UV-Vis absorption spectra demonstrated intriguing absorbance bands, with a blue shift attributed to the presence of MnO and smaller particles, enhancing the material’s optical properties. The presence of Mn2+ ions led to broadening of peaks in the FTIR spectra, further confirming the successful integration of Mn-doped ZnO within the Hibiscus nano-host. The eco-friendly nature of the Hibiscus host matrix, coupled with the exceptional properties of Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles, paves the way for sustainable and environmentally friendly material development.
Comparative Study on Properties of Plastic Bricks with Conventional Bricks
Authors: Biradar Sangmesh V , Srujan Kumar A. , Vijaya Gowri T. , Alisha Shaik Subhan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Plastic brick is one of the innovative types of brick which is made up of plastic waste. Plastic bricks reduce pollution problem from garbage plastic. Since plastic bricks don’t require brick kilns, it’s possible to stop the pollution caused by these bricks and create them easily. So, to create a balance between environmental protection and pollution we made plastic bricks possible to suit this environment. This study uses plastic trash from plastic bottles composed of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Poly Propylene (PP) in same proportions (1:1) called as fully plastic brick. After that, tests will be conducted on the bricks to examine compressive strengths, water absorption, thermal shrinkage, fire ignition, efflorescence, impact and to compare these properties with burnt clay bricks. The result found that plastic bricks has more compressive strength than clay bricks and with negligible water absorption. Thermal shrinkage and cost of the plastic brick less than the clay brick. Fire ignition value of plastic brick covered with aluminium sheet more than the normal clay brick.
A study of the effects on human electrostatic discharge current waveform verification
Authors: Niu Wenjuan , Rao Zhangfei , Yin Xuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The electrostatic discharge sensitivity testing of devices and microcircuits is important according to their susceptibility to damage by exposure to a defined human electrostatic discharge (ESD). The human ESD simulator is evaluated to guarantee that it can provide the current waveform required for the standard. It is confirmed that inconsistent human ESD test results are provided from different ESD simulators built in accordance with the standard specifications. It is necessary to study the effects on human ESD current waveform verification to improve the accuracy and consistency of verification results. However, the current waveform verification results are influenced by equipment performance and parasitic parameters. The human ESD simulator equivalent circuit is introduced to analyze how the current waveform is affected by digital oscilloscope performance and parasitic parameters caused by the current probe connection location. The experimental results show that the rise time of human ESD current waveform is influenced by the digital oscilloscope bandwidth and the current probe connected location, but the peak current and decay time are not changed significantly.
A 1.5 V 20 kHz 108.07 dB SNR discrete-time dynamic zoom ADC based on ultra low leakage process
Authors: Liu Hengzhi , Xu Fei , Kit Kwan Hing , Wu Zhaohui , Li Bin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study introduces a hybrid discrete-time (DT) dynamic Zoom ADC based on the CanSemi 110-nm Mixed Signal CMOS process. The two-step conversion process, comprising parallel coarse and fine phases, is executed by a 5-bit asynchronous SAR ADC and a third-order ΣΔ modulator. Non-ideal effects present in Zoom ADC were analysed and quantified through modelling, deriving design specifications of circuits. Under the constraints of low power supply and high threshold voltages, boost circuits were implemented to counteract the MOS switch-on-resistance nonlinearity. The Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) in the integrators adopts a folded cascode structure. Data Weighted Averaging (DWA) and Chopper-Stabilization (CHS) techniques were employed to alleviate the effects of capacitor mismatch and offset. The post-simulation results indicate the proposed Zoom ADC achieved 108.07 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) over a 20 kHz bandwidth while utilizing 3.32 mW of power.
Compact long differential transmission line with ground cavity in 65 nm CMOS
Authors: Li Zezheng , Wang Changwei , Li Yongjie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a base-band differential transmission line for a phased-array receiver in 65 nm CMOS. It mainly consists of two parallel metal lines as signal carriers with surrounding layers to form a close cavity. The 1000-μm long differential transmission line with a line width of 1 μm achieves a transmittance from -2.99 dB to -2.15 dB and a relative phase from -28.54° to 0 over 0-2 GHz. Based on the passive structure, the power consumption is zero, and the core cross-section occupies a compact area of 10 μm *2.11 μm.
A wideband readout charge amplifier for superconducting nanowire single photon detector
Authors: Wang Wen , Wu Chenjian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper represents a 2.5 GHz gain-bandwidth product readout amplifier. It employs three folded cascode core units and negative feedback paths. The feedback path includes capacitors and resistors. It can reduce input resistance and isolate the parasitic photodiode capacitance. To reduce the capacitance of the long wire, it is integrated with a superconducting nanowire single photon detector and amplifies signals in a cryogenic working environment. After the measurement of this integrated circuit, it can convert a 1 GHz 1 uA sinusoid signal into a 10 mV voltage signal under a cryogenic condition. The total chip is fabricated in a 180 nm SMIC under a supply voltage of 1.2 V with a power consumption of 60 mW. Its gain is 2.976 uV/e.
Associations of Vitamin D-Related Biomarkers With Hypertension and the Renin–Angiotensin System in Men and Women
Authors: Wang Lu , Cook Nancy R , Manson JoAnn E , Gaziano J Michael , Buring Julie E , Sesso Howard D 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Vitamin D may prevent the development of hypertension through down-regulation of renin–angiotensin system. However, epidemiologic studies assessing the interrelation of vitamin D-related biomarkers with hypertension are sparse.

METHODS
We examined the prospective associations between vitamin D-related biomarkers and the risk of hypertension in a nested case-control study. In each of the Women’s Health Study (WHS) and Physicians’ Health Study (PHS) II, 500 incident hypertension cases and 500 age and race-matched controls were randomly selected. Baseline plasma 25(OH)-vitamin D [25(OH)D], parathyroid hormone (PTH), and total renin concentrations were measured.

RESULTS
Among controls, 25(OH)D and PTH were inversely correlated, but neither was correlated with total renin. In the crude model, there was a trend of association between increasing quintiles of 25(OH)D and lower risk of hypertension in women, with relative risks and 95% CIs of 1.00, 1.24 (0.84–1.83), 0.82 (0.53–1.25), 0.75 (0.48–1.16), and 0.81 (0.52–1.27) (P, trend: .07). Adjustment for body mass index and other hypertension risk factors eliminated this association (relative risk of 5th quintile: 1.03). No associations were found in men. Baseline PTH and ratio of 25(OH)D to PTH were not associated with the risk of hypertension in women or men. When men and women were included in the same model, vitamin D insufficiency (defined as 25(OH)D &lt;20 ng/mL) also was not associated with an increased risk of hypertension. No interactions were found across subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study found no association of baseline plasma 25(OH)D or PTH with the risk of hypertension or total renin concentration in middle-aged and older men and women.
Environmental community transcriptomics: strategies and struggles
Authors: Mante Jeanet , Groover Kyra E , Pullen Randi M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Transcriptomics is the study of RNA transcripts, the portion of the genome that is transcribed, in a specific cell, tissue, or organism. Transcriptomics provides insight into gene expression patterns, regulation, and the underlying mechanisms of cellular processes. Community transcriptomics takes this a step further by studying the RNA transcripts from environmental assemblies of organisms, with the intention of better understanding the interactions between members of the community. Community transcriptomics requires successful extraction of RNA from a diverse set of organisms and subsequent analysis via mapping those reads to a reference genome or de novo assembly of the reads. Both, extraction protocols and the analysis steps can pose hurdles for community transcriptomics. This review covers advances in transcriptomic techniques and assesses the viability of applying them to community transcriptomics.
Religious Expression and Exemptions in the Private Sector Workplace: Spotting Bias
Authors: Hunter-Henin Myriam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Courts tasked with ruling on religious freedom claims in the private sector workplace have been faced with the following challenge: too weak a protection of religious freedom and it will become meaningless; too strong, and individual freedom will be stifled. Recently, courts on each side of the Atlantic have, respectively, leant towards each of these two extremes. In Europe, courts have afforded minimalist and, as I will argue, too restrictive a protection to religious interests. Whether out of deference to state constitutional traditions or economic interests, they have often undermined the protection of religious freedom. Conversely, in the United States, the Supreme Court has granted a maximalist and, as I will argue, excessive protection to religious interests. The article will demonstrate the flaws of each approach. It will unravel the main three types of bias that underlie these extreme positions, namely the state, the economic and the religious bias.
The transcription factor MYC2 positively regulates terpene trilactone biosynthesis through activating GbGGPPS expression in Ginkgo biloba
Authors: Zheng Jiarui , Liao Yongling , Ye Jiabao , Xu Feng , Zhang Weiwei , Zhou Xian , Wang Lina , He Xiao , Cao Zhengyan , Yi Yuwei , Xue Yansheng , Chen Qiangwen , Sun Jiaxing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Terpene trilactones (TTLs) have important medicinal value, but their low content in Ginkgo biloba leaves makes their exploitation extremely costly, thereby limiting the development of TTL related industries. It was found that exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment increased the accumulation of TTLs, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Here, we identified two bHLH transcription factors in G. biloba, with the protein subcellular localizations in the nucleus. GbMYC2s expression was strongly induced by MeJA treatment, and the interactions between GbJAZs and GbMYC2s were demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments. Overexpression of GbMYC2_4 and GbMYC2_5 enhanced Arabidopsis root sensitivity and significantly increased TTL content. In addition, GbGGPPS was found to be a common target of GbMYC2_4 and GbMYC2_5 by yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and DAP-seq, and they achieved regulation of GbGGPPS by binding to G-box. Further findings revealed that GbMYC2_4 and GbMYC2_5 bind G-box not universally but selectively. Our study revealed that jasmonic acid signaling mediates TTL biosynthesis through the GbJAZ-GbMYC2-GbGGPPS module, which enriches the terpenoid biosynthesis regulatory networks and provides a research basis and target genes for enhancing TTL content through genetic engineering.
“Odds of finding evidence of life beyond Earth in my lifetime? I would say it’s 50% plus or minus 50%”: Interview with Shawn Dromagal-Goldman
Authors: Britten Anna 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Shawn Domagal-Goldman is an exoplanet hunter – his official title is deputy director of the Sciences and Exploration Directorate at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center – who spends his days using data sets to hunt for life on other planets. He talks to Anna Britten about his work and the role of statistics at the biggest space organisation in the world
No girl left behind? Mental health and quality of life
Authors: Abdillah Abdillah , Widianingsih Ida , Buchari Rd Ahmad , Nurasa Heru , Ahmadi Zahra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The ban on girls’ education or difficult access to education has significant impacts on their mental health and quality of life (QoL), including: (a) Increased Mental Health Problems; (b) Loss of Educational Opportunities; (c) Limited Social Interaction; (d) Disruption of Aspirations and Routines; and (e) Increased Insecurity. This study extends the investigation into the need for awareness and action on the mental health and well-being of girls due to the ban or difficult access to education. Addressing the adverse impacts of the ban or difficult access to girls’ education requires a multifaceted approach that includes challenging traditional norms, providing alternative education pathways, empowering girls through targeted interventions, and recognizing the critical role of education.
Improving the future of clinical trials and translation of mesenchymal stromal cell therapies for neonatal disorders
Authors: Chang Yun Sil , Yang Misun , Ahn So Yoon , Sung Se In , Park Won Soon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Despite recent advances in neonatal intensive care medicine, neonatal disorders such as (bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD], intraventricular hemorrhage [IVH], and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy [HIE]) remain major causes of death and morbidity in survivors, with few effective treatments being available. Recent preclinical studies have demonstrated the pleiotropic host injury-responsive paracrine protective effects of cell therapy especially with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) against BPD, IVH, and HIE. These findings suggest that MSCs therapy might emerge as a novel therapeutic modality for these currently devastating neonatal disorders with complex multifactorial etiologies. Although early-phase clinical trials suggest their safety and feasibility, their clinical therapeutic benefits have not yet been proven. Therefore, based on currently available preclinical research and clinical trial data, we focus on critical issues that need to be addressed for future successful clinical trials and eventual clinical translation such as selecting the right patient and optimal cell type, route, dose, and timing of MSCs therapy for neonatal disorders such as BPD, HIE, and IVH.