bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural lineage development in the rhesus monkey with embryonic stem cells
Authors: Chen Hongwei , Wei Qiang , Zhang Jing , Tan Tao , Li Rongrong , Chen Jilin 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThere are three controversial and undetermined models of neurogenesis and gliogenesis from neuroepithelial cells in the early neural tube; the first in which neurons and glia were proposed to originate from a single homogenous population, the second from two separate pools of committed glial and neuronal progenitors, or, lastly, from transit radial glial (RG). Issues concerning embryonic neural lineage development in primates are not well understood due to restrictions imposed by ethics and material sources. In this study, early neural lineage development was investigated in vitro with rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells (rESC) by means of immunofluorescence with lineage specific markers. It was revealed that neural differentiation likely progresses in a sequential lineage restriction pathway from neuroepithelial stem/progenitor cells to neurons and glia via RG and intermediate precursors: neuronal precursors and glial progenitors. In conclusion, our results suggest that the early neural lineage development of rESC in vitro supported the model in which neuroepithelial cells develop into RG capable of generating both neurons and glia. This work should facilitate understanding of the mechanism of development of the nervous system in primates.
Resource reallocation does not influence estimates of pollen limitation or reproductive assurance in Clarkia xantiana subsp. parviflora (Onagraceae)
Authors: Runquist Ryan D. Briscoe , Moeller David A. 
Published: September 2013

• Premise of study: Studies of pollen limitation and the reproductive assurance value of selfing are important for examining the process of floral and mating system evolution in flowering plants. Recent meta‐analyses have shown that common methods for measuring pollen limitation may often lead to biased estimates. Specifically, experiments involving single‐ or few‐flower manipulations per plant tend to overestimate pollen limitation compared to those involving manipulations on most or all flowers per plant. Little previous work has explicitly tested for reallocation within individual systems using alternative methods and response variables.• Methods: We performed single‐flower and whole‐plant pollen supplementation and emasculation of flowers of Clarkia xantiana subsp. parviflora to estimate pollen limitation (PL) and reproductive assurance (RA). We compared levels of PL and RA using the following response variables: fruit set, seeds/flower, and seeds/plant. We also assessed the germination and viability of seeds to evaluate potential variation in pollen quality among treatments.• Key results: Autonomous selfing in Clarkia xantiana subsp. parviflora eliminates pollen limitation and provides reproductive assurance. Estimates from single‐flower manipulations were not biased, closely resembling those from whole‐plant manipulations. All three response variables followed the same pattern, but treatments were only significantly different for seeds/flower. Pollen quality, as indicated by seed viability, did not differ among treatments.• Conclusions: Partial plant manipulations provided reliable estimates of pollen limitation and reproductive assurance. These estimates were also unaffected by accounting for pollen quality. Although whole plant manipulations are desirable, this experiment demonstrates that in some systems partial plant manipulations can be used in studies where whole‐plant manipulations are not feasible.
Rapid detection of drug resistance and mutational patterns of extensively drug-resistant strains by a novel GenoType® MTBDRsl assay
Authors: Singh AK , Maurya AK , Kant S , Umrao J , Kushwaha RAS , Nag VL , Dhole TN 
Published: September 2013

Background:
The emergence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is a major concern in the India. The burden of XDR-TB is increasing due to inadequate monitoring, lack of proper diagnosis, and treatment. The GenoType ®
Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance second line (MTBDRsl) assay is a novel line probe assay used for the rapid detection of mutational patterns conferring resistance to XDR-TB.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to study the rapid detection of drug resistance and mutational patterns of the XDR-TB by a novel GenoType ® MTBDRsl assay.

Materials and Methods:
We evaluated 98 multidrug-resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis isolates for second line drugs susceptibility testing by 1% proportion method (BacT/ALERT 3D system) and GenoType ® MTBDRsl assay for rapid detection of conferring drug resistance to XDR-TB.

Results:
A total of seven (17.4%) were identified as XDR-TB by using standard phenotypic method. The concordance between phenotypic and GenoType ® MTBDRsl assay was 91.7-100% for different antibiotics. The sensitivity and specificity of the MTBDRsl assay were 100% and 100% for aminoglycosides; 100% and 100% for fluoroquinolones; 91.7% and 100% for ethambutol. The most frequent mutations and patterns were gyrA MUT1 (A90V) in seven (41.2%) and gyrA + WT1-3 + MUT1 in four (23.5%); rrs MUT1 (A1401G) in 11 (64.7%), and rrs WT1-2 + MUT1 in eight (47.1%); and embB MUT1B (M306V) in 11 (64.7%) strains.

Conclusions:
These data suggest that the GenoType ® MTBDRsl assay is rapid, novel test for detection of resistance to second line anti-tubercular drugs. This assay provides additional information about the frequency and mutational patterns responsible for XDR-TB resistance.
Candidemia in intensive care unit patients
Authors: Giri S , Kindo AJ , Kalyani J 
Published: September 2013

Background:
The occurrence of candidemia is on a rise worldwide. Non-albicans Candida species have emerged as major causes of candidemia in many countries. Added to it is the problem of antifungal resistance in Candida isolates.

Objectives:
To find out the prevalence of candidemia in our intensive care unit (ICU) setup along with the antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida isolates and various risk factors associated with candidemia.

Materials and Methods:
All Candida isolates from blood stream infections of ICU patients were included in the 1 year study period (November 2008-October 2009). The isolates were speciated using various phenotypic tests. Antifungal susceptibility testing was done by disk diffusion methods according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and also using CANDIFAST. Various risk factors associated with the development of candidemia were looked into.

Results:
A total of 39 Candida isolates were isolated during the study period of 1 year (prevalence of 0.65%). Candida tropicalis (74.35%) was the most common isolate followed by Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata. All the 39 Candida isolates (100%) were sensitive to amphotericin B while 12 isolates (30.8%) were resistant to fluconazole. The risk factors commonly associated with candidemia patients were long term antibiotic therapy (64.1%), use of central venous catheters (56.4%), urinary catheters (53.9%), steroid therapy (35.9%) and diabetes mellitus (33.3%).

Conclusion:
Candidemia is emerging as a significant problem in hospitalized patients, especially in ICU setups. Non-albicans Candida species are the major cause of candidemia as found in our study and few other studies in India. Multicentric studies involving many hospitals are required to know the true prevalence of candidemia and the status of antifungal drug resistance among Candida isolates in our country.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Octenidine Hydrochloride, MTAD and Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mixed with Calcium Hydroxide
Authors: Tirali Resmiye Ebru , Gulsahi Kamran , Cehreli Sevi Burcak , Karahan Zeynep Ceren , Uzunoǧlu Emel , Elhan Atilla 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of thisin vitrostudy was to investigate whether mixing with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] affects the antimicrobial action of Octenidine hydrochloride (Octenisept), MTAD and chlorhexidine againstEnterococcus faecalisandCandida albicans.Materials and methodsFreshly grown cultures ofEnterococcus faecalis, Candida albicansand a mixture of both strains were incubated in agar plates containing brain-heart infusion broth (BHIB). Zones of inhibition were measured at 24 and 48 hours. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, both p = 0.05).ResultsMixing with Ca(OH)2significantly increased the antibacterial effect of Octenisept (p < 0.05), but did not alter its antifungal activity. Only chlorhexidine showed more antibacterial and antifungal efficiency compared to its Ca(OH)2-mixed version (both p < 0.05). Mixing with Ca(OH)2decreased the antibacterial efficacy of MTAD, but increased its antifungal effect (both p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results demonstrate the differential effects of Ca(OH)2addition on the antimicrobial action of the tested endodontic medicamentsin vitro. Ca(OH)2was as effective as its combination with all of the tested medicaments.How to cite this articleTirali RE, Gulsahi K, Cehreli SB, Karahan ZC, Uzunoğlu E, Elhan A. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Octenidine Hydrochloride, MTAD and Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mixed with Calcium Hydroxide. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(3):456-460.
Comparison of Orange Oil and Chloroform as Gutta- Percha Solvents in Endodontic Retreatment
Authors: Khan Farhan Raza , Rehman Kiran , Aman Nadia 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of gutta-percha removal achieved with simple mechanical technique using two different solvents.Materials and methodsIt was anin vitroexperimental study conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan on 27 extracted human molars divided into two groups by alternate sampling technique.The teeth were prepared by manual filing and obturated with gutta-percha and calcium hydroxide sealer. Two drops of the assigned solvent were placed on the orifice of the obturated canal and Gates Glidden drills #1, 2 and 3 were used for removal of coronal gutta-percha. Manual filing was done for removal of remaining gutta-percha and the solvent was used in drops until needed. Postoperative periapical radiographs were taken to visualize the remaining gutta-percha left in the canals.Descriptive statistics (mean and SD) of the variables such as tooth type, obturation length and canal curvatures were determined. Chi-square and independent sample t-tests were applied and level of significance was set at 0.05.ResultsThere was 5.19 (3.8) mm of remaining gutta-percha in the orange oil group and 5.37 (4.2) mm in the chloroform group (p = 0.90).ConclusionThere is no statistically significant difference between the orange oil and chloroform when used as solvent for removing gutta-percha.How to cite this articleRehman K, Khan FR, Aman N. Comparison of Orange Oil and Chloroform as Gutta-Percha Solvents in Endodontic Retreatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(3):478-482.
Postoperative Plasma D-Dimer Value for Predicting Deep Venous Thrombosis following Hip Arthroplasty with Nadroparin Prophylaxis
Authors: Xu Zhihong , Shi Dongquan , Zhang Chengji , Chen Dongyang , Dai Jin , Teng Huajian , Jiang Qing 
Published: September 2013

The aim of the study was to assess the value of D-dimer as an event predicitor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients given low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Plasma D-dimer levels were obtained preoperatively and at days 1, 3, and 7 postoperatively in 83 consecutive patients undergoing THA treated with nadroparin prophylaxis plus intermittent pneumatic compression. Unilateral ascending venography was performed at postoperative day 7 or 8. There was a significant difference between the D-dimer levels in the DVT group (28 patients) and non-DVT group (55 patients) on each day (P<0.01). ROC analysis showed the AUC on postoperative days 1, 3 and 7 was 0.706, 0.712 and 0.772 respectively. The D-dimer concentration on postoperative day 1, day 3 or day 7 is of moderate predicting value of DVT in patients undergoing THA, treated with nadroparin prophylaxis plus intermittent pneumatic compression.
Topography of the Periacetabular Bone in Chinese Patients – do Current Cages Fit?
Authors: Yang Dejin , Zhou Yixin , Shao Hongyi , Tang Qiheng , Yin Xinghua 
Published: September 2013

Background Understanding the anatomy of the periacetabular bone is critical for designing and implanting cages, as well as reconstruction of lost periacetabular bone. We aimed to study the topography of periacetabular bone and compare it with current cages to examine their fit in a Chinese population. Methods We performed three-dimensional measurement on computed tomography images of 105 hemipelves to delineate the topography of the periacetabular bone. We compared the bone with digital models of commercially available cages, and divided the results into three scenarios (fit, mismatch and unfit) according to absence or existence of overhang and the extent of contouring needed after implanting the cages to the pelves. Results Our measurement provided a representation of normal topography of the periacetabular bone. Only 21% of the patients studied had commercially available cages which fit their pelves, whilst there was no cage that fitted 59% of the patients even after extensive contouring. conclusion Current acetabular cages have low fit rates for the periacetabular bone in Chinese patients.
Synthesis of Azulene Derivatives That Have an Azathiacrown Ether Moiety and Their Selective Color Reaction Towards Silver Ions
Authors: Wakabayashi Shigeharu , Uchida Miyuki , Tanaka Rika , Habata Yoichi , Shimizu Makoto 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAzulene derivatives that have an azathiacrown ether moiety were synthesized by using a modification of the method described by Vögtle and co‐workers. These compounds are highly selective for detecting Ag+ions, which is demonstrated visually by a color change from orange to violet. Structural studies of the Ag+‐induced colored product by NMR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS identified a 1:1 (Ag+:ligand) complex formed by the coordination of Ag+ion with the azathiacrown ether moiety. Competition experiments in the presence of other metal ions, ESI MS/MS experiments on the Ag+and Hg2+complexes, and DFT calculations on the Ag+complex suggest that the high selectivity and color change for Ag+ion is due to the relatively strong binding of the azathiacrown ether moiety to Ag+ion, and not to π–cation interactions. Azulene derivatives that are highly selective toward a particular heavy metal ion and undergo a distinct color change have not been reported before.
Polysulfone/zinc oxide nanoparticle mixed matrix membranes for CO2/CH4 separation
Authors: Moradihamedani Pourya , Ibrahim Nor Azowa , Ramimoghadam Donya , Yunus Wan Md Zin Wan , Yusof Nor Azah 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTPreparation and characterization of novel polysulfone/zinc oxide (PSf/ZnO) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with different ZnO loadings for high selective CO2/CH4 separation were aimed in this study. Scanning electron microscopy photographs demonstrated that spongy and small tear like pores in plain PSf membrane (0 wt % of ZnO) replaced with large tear like pores close to surface layer by increasing ZnO content up to 0.1 and 1 wt %. In contrast, a dense and less free volume structure was obtained in membranes having 3 and 5 wt % of ZnO. Membrane porosity increased from 28.68 to 50.51% with increasing ZnO content from 0 to 1 wt %. Then, a reduction in porosity was observed for membranes containing 3 and 5 wt % of ZnO. Atomic force microscopy images presented variation in membrane surface roughness. Surface roughness decreased from 67.64 nm for plain PSf to 47.86 nm for membrane containing 1 wt % of ZnO. While, surface roughness increased and reached to 115.5 and 122.4 nm for MMMs having 3 and 5 wt % of ZnO. Gas separation properties of PSf/ZnO MMMs were examined and CO2/CH4 selectivity of MMMs containing 3 and 5 wt % of ZnO were 22.29 and 54.29, respectively, in 1 bar feed pressure. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39745.
Direct Amidation from Alcohols and Amines through a Tandem Oxidation Process Catalyzed by Heterogeneous‐Polymer‐Incarcerated Gold Nanoparticles under Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Soulé Jean‐François , Miyamura Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe describe herein a highly elegant and suitable synthesis of amide products from alcohols and amines through a tandem oxidation process that uses molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant. Carbon‐black‐stabilized polymer‐incarcerated gold (PICB‐Au) or gold/cobalt (PICB‐Au/Co) nanoparticles were employed as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst depending on alcohol reactivity and generated only water as the major co‐product of the reaction. A wide scope of substrate applicability was shown with 42 examples. The catalysts could be recovered and reused without loss of activity by using a simple operation.
Photophysical and Laser Properties of Cassettes based on a BODIPY and Rhodamine Pair
Authors: Gartzia‐Rivero Leire , Yu Haibo , Bañuelos Jorge , López‐Arbeloa Iñigo , Costela Angel , Garcia‐Moreno Inmaculada , Xiao Yi 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis work deals with the synthesis and the photophysical and laser properties of new BODIPY‐rhodamine cassettes. These dyads differ in their rigid and conjugated spacer group (phenyl or acetylenephenyl) and in their linking positions (meta or para). The photophysical properties of these cassettes are controlled by the formation/opening of the spirolactone ring, which, in turn, switches off/on an energy‐transfer process between the chromophores. Herein, we thoroughly describe the influence of the attached spacer group, as well as the distance and orientation between the donor–acceptor pair, on the excitation energy transfer. The observed fast dynamics and efficiency suggest that the process mainly takes place “through‐bond”, although the “through‐space” mechanism also contributes to the whole process. As a result, efficient laser emission from the rhodamine is achieved upon excitation of the BODIPY, in particular for the cassette that contains an acetylenephenyl spacer group in a para disposition.
Total Synthesis of a Glycoglycerolipid from Meiothermus taiwanensis through a One‐Pot Glycosylation Reaction and Exploration of its Immunological Properties
Authors: Ghosh Bhaswati , Lai Yen‐Hsun , Shih Yu‐Yin , Pradhan Tapan Kumar , Lin Chun‐Hung , Mong Kwok‐Kong Tony 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe total synthesis of a glycoglycerolipid isolate of Meiothermus taiwanensis and its truncated structural analogues is reported. Our synthesis employed DMF‐modulated and low‐concentration glycosylation reactions for the construction of α‐ and β‐glycosidic bonds in the absence of participating protecting groups. Further simplification of the synthesis was achieved by employing a low‐concentration one‐pot glycosylation procedure. Preliminary immunological studies showed that one of the truncated structural analogues suppressed the cytokine production of THP‐1 monocytes.
Molecular farming in tobacco hairy roots by triggering the secretion of a pharmaceutical antibody
Authors: Häkkinen Suvi T. , Raven Nicole , Henquet Maurice , Laukkanen Marja‐Leena , Anderlei Tibor , Pitkänen Juha‐Pekka , Twyman Richard M. , Bosch Dirk , Oksman‐Caldentey Kirsi‐Marja , Schillberg Stefan , Ritala Anneli 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTRecombinant pharmaceutical proteins expressed in hairy root cultures can be secreted into the medium to improve product homogeneity and to facilitate purification, although this may result in significant degradation if the protein is inherently unstable or particularly susceptible to proteases. To address these challenges, we used a design of experiments approach to develop an optimized induction protocol for the cultivation of tobacco hairy roots secreting the full‐size monoclonal antibody M12. The antibody yield was enhanced 30‐fold by the addition of 14 g/L KNO3, 19 mg/L 1‐naphthaleneacetic acid and 1.5 g/L of the stabilizing agent polyvinylpyrrolidone. Analysis of hairy root cross sections revealed that the optimized medium induced lateral root formation and morphological changes in the inner cortex and pericycle cells, indicating that the improved productivity was at least partially based on the enhanced efficiency of antibody secretion. We found that 57% of the antibody was secreted, yielding 5.9 mg of product per liter of induction medium. Both the secreted and intracellular forms of the antibody could be isolated by protein A affinity chromatography and their functionality was confirmed using vitronectin‐binding assays. Glycan analysis revealed three major plant complex‐type glycans on both forms of the antibody, although the secreted form was more homogeneous due to the predominance of a specific glycoform. Tobacco hairy root cultures therefore offer a practical solution for the production of homogeneous pharmaceutical antibodies in containment. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 336–346. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Ludwigite Borate: Mg2InBO5.
Authors: Li H. K. , Wang L. , Cai G. M. , Fan J. J. , Fan X. , Jin Z. P. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of MgO, In2O3, and H3BO3 (1300 °C, 36 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Near UV‐Pumped Bluish‐White Emitting K(Ba,Sr,Ca)BP2O8:Eu2+ Phosphors.
Authors: Su Shaodong , Liu Wei , Duan Ruijing , Cao Lixin , Su Ge , Zhao Chenggong 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA series of Eu2+‐doped K(Ba,Sr,Ca)BP2O8 phosphors is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of K2CO3, BaCO3, H3BO3, NH4H2PO4, SrCO3, CaCO3, and Eu2O3 (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Heavy Doping of Nickel in Compound Mo3Sb7: Structure and Thermoelectric Properties.
Authors: Deng Xiaolong , Lue Minfeng , Meng Jian 
Published: September 2013

AbstractPolycrystalline heavily Ni‐doped Mo3Sb7 phases (NixMo3‐yNiySb7, x + y = 0.00, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (evacuated quartz ampoules, 1043 K, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Large Reversible Magnetocaloric Effect in LnMn2 (Ln: Tb, Dy, Ho, Er) Compounds.
Authors: Zuo Wenliang , Hu Fengxia , Sun Jirong , Shen Baogen 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by arc melting of stoichiometric amounts of the elements followed by annealing (1073 K, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Intercalation of Hexagonal Boron Nitride with Broensted Acids.
Authors: Kovtyukhova Nina I. , Wang Yuanxi , Lv Ruitao , Terrones Mauricio , Crespi Vincent H. , Mallouk Thomas E. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThermal drying of suspensions of hexagonal BN with H2SO4, H3PO4, and HClO4 (70—1000 °C) results in nonoxidative intercalation to form stage‐1 compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Polytellurides of Mn, Fe, and Zn from Mild Solvothermal Reactions in Liquid Ammonia.
Authors: Kysliak Oleksandr , Marcus Max , Bredow Thomas , Beck Johannes 
Published: September 2013

Abstract[Mn(NH3)6]Te4 (I), [Fe(NH3)6]Te4·NH3 (II), and [Zn(NH3)4]2Te15 (III) are obtained by solvothermal reaction of elemental Mn, Fe, and Zn with Te in liquid NH3 at 50 °C (≤50% yield for (II), 100% yield for (I) and (III)).
ChemInform Abstract: Low Temperature Synthesis of Silicon Carbide Nanomaterials Using a Solid‐State Method.
Authors: Dasog Mita , Smith Larissa F. , Purkait Tapas K. , Veino Jonathan G. C. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractControlled morphologies of β‐SiC nanocrystalline materials are prepared via solid‐state metathesis reaction of sol‐gel derived SiO2 nanospheres, nanorods, and nanofibers, together with Mg and C powders (600 °C).