bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing smart tourism destinations: A case study using bidirectional encoder representations from transformers‐based occupancy predictions in torrevieja (Spain)
Authors: Giménez Manuel José Ginés , Giner Pérez de Lucia José , Celdrán Bernabeu Marco Antonio , Mazón López José Norberto , Cano Escribá Juan Carlos , Cecilia Canales José María 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTourism represents a crucial socio‐economic pillar globally, yet the multifaceted challenges it poses necessitate innovative management approaches. The paradigm of smart tourism harnesses advanced data analytics tools to promote both profitability and sustainability in tourist destinations, leading to new levels of destination smartness. Accurate tourist occupancy prediction, particularly in areas dominated by second‐home accommodations where traditional hospitality data may be insufficient, plays a key role in optimising tourism management. To address this data gap, our prior research employed ARIMA modelling on Airbnb booking time series and analysed tourism‐related Twitter conversations to forecast occupancy levels in Torrevieja (Alicante); a prominent second‐home tourism destination in Southeastern Spain. In this extended study, we delve deeper into the realm of social sensing by utilising bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) for topic modelling. Our methodology involves the processing and analysis of Twitter data to identify prominent themes related to Torrevieja. The findings not only reveal nuanced perceptions and discussions about the destination but also underscore the effectiveness of BERT in capturing intricate topic dynamics. Importantly, this work highlights how the alignment of specific topics with booking patterns can further enhance predictive accuracy for tourist occupancy, presenting a robust toolkit for stakeholders in the tourism sector.
A novel ensemble deep reinforcement learning model for short‐term load forecasting based on Q‐learning dynamic model selection
Authors: He Xin , Zhao Wenlu , Zhang Licheng , Zhang Qiushi , Li Xinyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractShort‐term load forecasting is critical for power system planning and operations, and ensemble forecasting methods for electricity loads have been shown to be effective in obtaining accurate forecasts. However, the weights in ensemble prediction models are usually preset based on the overall performance after training, which prevents the model from adapting in the face of different scenarios, limiting the improvement of prediction performance. In order to improve the accurateness and validity of the ensemble prediction method further, this paper proposes an ensemble deep reinforcement learning approach using Q‐learning dynamic weight assignment to consider local behaviours caused by changes in the external environment. Firstly, the variational mode decomposition is used to reduce the non‐stationarity of the original data by decomposing the load sequence. Then, the recurrent neural network (RNN), long short‐term memory (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit (GRU) are selected as the basic power load predictors. Finally, the optimal weights are ensembled for the three sub‐predictors by the optimal weights generated using the Q‐learning algorithm, and the final results are obtained by combining their respective predictions. The results show that the forecasting capability of the proposed method outperforms all sub‐models and several baseline ensemble forecasting methods.
White dwarf magnetospheres: Shielding volatile content of icy objects and implications for volatile pollution scarcity
Authors: Zhou Wen-Han , Liu Shang-Fei , Lin Douglas N. C. 
Published: July 2024

Context. About 25–50% of white dwarfs are found to be contaminated by heavy elements, which are believed to originate from external sources such as planetary materials. Elemental abundances suggest that most of the pollutants are rocky objects and only a small fraction of white dwarfs bear traces of volatile accretion.
Aims. In order to account for the scarcity of volatile pollution, we investigate the role of the white dwarfs’ magnetospheres in shielding the volatile content of icy objects.
Methods. We estimated the volatile sublimation of inward drifting exocomets. We assume the orbits of the exocomets are circularized by the Alfvén wing drag that is effective for long-period comets.
Results. Volatile material can sublimate outside the corotation radius and be shielded by the magnetic field. The two conditions for this volatile-shielded mechanism are that the magnetosphere radius must be larger than the corotation radius and that the volatiles are depleted outside the corotation radius, which requires a sufficiently slow orbital circularization process. We applied our model to nine white dwarfs with known rotational periods, magnetic fields, and atmosphere compositions. Our volatile-shielded model may explain the excess of volatile elements such as C and S in the disk relative to the white dwarf atmosphere in WD2326+049 (G29-38). Nevertheless, given the sensitivity of our model to the circularization process and material properties of icy objects, there remains considerable uncertainty in our results.
Conclusions. We emphasize the importance of white dwarfs’ magnetic fields in preventing the accretion of volatile gas onto them. Our work suggests a possible explanation for the scarcity of volatile-accretion signatures among white dwarfs. We also identify a correlation between the magnetic field strength, the spin period, and the composition of pollutants in white dwarf atmospheres. However, given the uncertainties in our model, more observations are necessary to establish more precise constraints on the relevant parameters.
Dorsal Metatarsal Closed Wedge Osteotomy in the Treatment of Freiberg’s Disease: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Öztürk Vedat , Bilgili Mustafa Gökhan , Baca Emre 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the clinical and radiological results of dorsal metatarsal closed wedge osteotomy and headless screw fixation in the surgical treatment of Freiberg’s disease.Thirty-four patients who were treated with dorsal metatarsal closed wedge osteotomy (DMCWO) for Freiberg’s disease between February 2018 and March 2022 were included in the study. Patients were staged according to the classification system described by Smillie. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society’s (AOFAS) lesser metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal scale, the visual analog scale (VAS), the range of motion (ROM) of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, and a subjective patient satisfaction questionnaire. For radiological evaluation, the amount of preoperative shortening of the involved metatarsal, the amount of metatarsal shortening developed after osteotomy, and radiological recovery times were recorded.Thirty-two (94.1%) of the patients were female, and two (5.9%) were male. The average postoperative follow-up period for patients was 33.7 months (range: 24 months to 41 months). The mean AOFAS scores increased from 53.24 to 86.26 (p < 0.01). The mean VAS scores decreased from 8.59 to 1.79, and it was observed that the patients’ pain improved significantly (p < 0.01). The mean ROM of the MTP joint increased from 48.76 degrees to 70.76 degrees (p < 0.01). An average of 2.5 mm (range 1 mm to 4.1 mm) of shortening of the metatarsal length developed postoperatively (p < 0.01). Arthrosis developed in 1 case (2.9%), and transfer metatarsalgia developed in 2 cases (5.8%).DMCWO is an effective treatment for both the early and advanced stages of symptomatic Freiberg’s disease, leading to high patient satisfaction.
Affordable Implementation of a Point-of-Care Ultrasound Program in a Large Tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to Assess Umbilical Venous Catheter Tips and Aid Central Placement
Authors: Wren John T. , Eslambolchi Azadeh , Clark Kristen , Najaf Tasnim 
Published: July 2024

Objective This study aimed to implement a point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) program into a large neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to enhance care by improving (1) umbilical venous catheter (UVC) tip identification and (2) central placement.
Study Design A POCUS program was established with core providers who received training from external and internal experts. A prospective study (n = 94) compared the accuracy of UVC identification between neonatology-performed ultrasound (NeoUS) and X-ray relative to a referent of radiology-interpreted ultrasound. Finally, an ultrasound-guided UVC insertion protocol was introduced to rescue noncentral traditionally placed catheters (n = 37).
Results Program implementation trained six providers for a total cost of approximately $10,500 USD. NeoUS was more accurate than X-ray at identifying UVC location (81.9 vs. 60.6%) with improved sensitivity and specificity (80.0 and 84.6 vs. 52.5 and 66.7%, respectively). POCUS guidance was able to rescue 89.2% of catheters that were originally noncentral.
Conclusion POCUS implementation in a large NICU is feasible, affordable, and can improve quality of care.
Key Points
Neuropsychological profile in tuberous sclerosis complex: a study of clinical and cognitive variables in a cohort from Brazil
Authors: Cardozo Laís Faria Masulk , Schwind Mariana Richartz , Pereira Ana Paula Almeida de , Dufner-Almeida Luiz Gustavo , Haddad Luciana Amaral , Bruck Isac , Antoniuk Sérgio Antonio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a wide clinical, cognitive, and behavioral expressivity.
Objective To assess the neuropsychological profile of individuals clinically diagnosed with TSC and the factors that could significantly impact their cognitive development.
Methods A total of 62 individuals with ages ranging from 3 to 38 years were followed up in a tertiary attention hospital in Southern Brazil, and they were assessed using a standard battery and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, when intellectual disability was observed.
Results History of epilepsy was found in 56 participants (90.3%), and 31 (50%) presented an intellectual disability. Among the other half of TSC individuals without intellectual disability, 8 (12.9%) presented borderline classification, 20 (32.2%) presented average scores, and 3 (4.8%) were above average. In total, 17 participants (27.4%) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis suggested that seizures, age at diagnosis, visual perception, and general attention significantly impact cognitive performance indexes.
Conclusion The present study suggests that the occurrence of epileptic seizures and older age at diagnosis contribute to higher impairment in the domains of cognitive development, underlining the importance of early diagnosis and the prevention of epileptic seizures or their rapid control. The development of attentional skills, visual perception, and executive functions must be followed up.
An agent-based modelling approach to wave-like diversification of language families
Authors: Hartmann Frederik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In contrast to phylogenetic tree inference, wave model approaches are often regarded as difficult to
computationally implement for inference of language relatedness. This paper proposes a basic framework for the computational
modelling of wave-like diversification in language families and explains the model type of agent-based models for linguistic data.
The approach is based on agent-based simulations which allow for the detailed simulation of speaker interactions within speech
communities. The proposed framework operates by simulating a large number of possible diversification situations with different
parameter settings and selecting those runs that yield a good fit to the linguistic data of the geographical spread of different
languages. The model can be fed with the geographical extent of languages and their known innovations in order to computationally
reconstruct the most likely diversification scenarios of these languages under the wave model.
韓漢音的分期與中古到現代的演變
Authors: Eom Ik-sang 
Published: July 2024

抽象的
「韓漢音」是漢字的韓語讀音。本文首先探討韓漢音的分期、層次、母胎方言和其時期問題。本文提出將韓漢音分成古代、中古、近代和現代四個時期的依據。為了有效地比較韓漢音與韓語和漢語，本文還建議將古代韓語以七世紀為基準劃分為早期古代韓語和晚期古代韓語。本文還介紹韓漢音層次和母胎方言問題。韓漢音以漢語中古音為基準層次可分為比它早的層次和比它晚的層次。韓漢音母胎方言是七、八世紀漢語中古音。本文還重點分析從中古韓漢音到現代韓漢音音系的主要演變過程。在上古韓漢音時期還沒有完全確立音位地位的送氣音、輔音韻尾、聲調等語音特徵在中古韓漢音時期逐漸定型。中古韓漢音還保持七、八世紀中古漢語四等、重紐等音韻特點。到十六世紀末中古韓漢音的聲調完全消失。十七世紀初是中古和近代韓漢音的轉捩點。在十八、十九世紀韓漢音大量發生齒齦音顎化。近代韓漢音的顎化現象與近代漢語顎化走的是不同路線，因此可知它是韓語內部變化。在二十世紀現代韓漢音，部分母音消失，而且部分二合母音變成單母音。現代韓漢音比過去略有簡化。
Broadband flat supercontinuum generated by chalcogenide double-clad step-index fiber with special dispersion
Authors: Liu Yinpeng , Li Shuguang , Liao Meisong , Zhang Lei , Wang Chun , Guo Ying , Gao Weiqing , Zhang Zhibing , He Dongyu , Yu Shizi , Wang Tianxing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To achave a broader supercontinuum in the mid-infrared band, a chalcogenide double-clad step-index fiber is proposed. Comprising As2Se3, AsSe2, and As2S5 glass, this fiber effectively confines light within the core, minimizing fiber dispersion fluctuations. By iteratively adjusting the dispersion curve of the fiber, enhancement of the supercontinuum spectrum generation is possible. Spectral broadening primarily results from four-wave mixing and self-phase modulation. Raman scattering within the pulse generates unstable higher-order solitons, which, upon breakup, contribute to spectrum broadening. This study explores the effects of pulse laser parameters and fiber length on supercontinuum generation, obtains regular cognition and offers theoretical analyses of the results. Through optimization of parameters, a mid-infrared supercontinuum with an 11 μm width is achieved. These findings underscore the potential of chalcogenide double-clad step-index fiber for generating a mid-infrared supercontinuum light source. The designed fiber structure should be helpful in supercontinuum sources, bio-molecule sensing, and spectroscopy.
Dimensional effects in analysis of laser-induced-desorption diagnostics data
Authors: Stepanenko A A , Gasparyan Yu M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The accurate assessment of the local tritium concentration in the tokamak first wall by means of the laser-induced desorption (LID) diagnostics is sought as one the key solutions to monitoring the local radioactive tritium content in the first wall of the fusion reactor ITER. Numerical models of gas desorption from solids used for LID simulation are usually closed with the one-dimensional transport models. In this study, the temperature and particle dynamics in the target irradiated by a short laser pulse during LID are analyzed by means of the two-dimensional model to assess the validity of using one-dimensional approximation for recovering the diagnostics signal. The quantitative estimates for the parameters governing the heat and particle transfer are presented. The analytical expressions for the sample spatiotemporal temperature profiles driven by the target irradiation with a Gaussian laser beam with the trapezoid temporal shape are derived. The obtained relations are used to simulate tritium desorption from a tungsten sample driven by pulsed heating. It is shown that depending on the ratio between the laser spot radius and the heat diffusion length, the one-dimensional approach can noticeably overestimate the sample temperature in the limit of small laser spot radius (estimated for tungsten as ∼0.5–1.0 mm), resulting in more than 100% larger amounts of tritium desorbed from the target, compared to the two-dimensional approximation. In the limit of large laser spot radius (≥1.5 mm), both approaches yield comparable amounts of tritium desorbed from the sample.
Stability and photocatalytic performance enhancement of sodium-doped CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposites for dye wastewater degradation
Authors: Gu Donghang , Pan Yucheng , Fang Tingsen , Zhang Xi , Zhou Yun , Lu Feng , Liu Wenchao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The extremely poor stability of lead halide perovskites has always been a challenge. In this paper, CsPbBr3 nanocrystals, CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposites and Na-CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposites were prepared by thermal injection and ligand-assisted reprecipitation method. The photocatalytic effect and stability of CsPbBr3 in aqueous systems were significantly improved by sodium ions doping and complexation with Cs4PbBr6. The results showed that the photocatalytic degradation rate of 5% Na-CsPbBr3 for Sudan red (III) was 57.8% within 180 min, while that of pure CsPbBr3 was only 14.47%. In the CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposites, Na-CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposites photocatalyzed nearly 94% of Sudan red (III) in 120 min, while CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 photocatalyzed only 56% of organic dyes in the same time. Cs4PbBr6 can passivate CsPbBr3
in situ to enhance the stability of the perovskite material. In the four cyclic degradation experimental tests in aqueous systems, the nanocomposites maintained good stability performance. This study provides a new way to improve the catalytic performance and stability of perovskite materials.
Regularization methods for the inverse initial value problem for the time-fractional diffusion equation with robin boundary condition
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Authors: Chen Yongbo , Shi Chengxin , Cheng Hao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the article, we focus on the inverse initial value problem for the time-fractional diffusion equation with robin boundary condition on a cylindrical symmetric field. The ill-posedness of this problem is proved. We introduce the modified Landweber iteration method(MLIM), the Truncated singular value decomposition(TSVD) method for solving it and propose a new regularization method, named as the TSVD-modified Landweber iteration method(TMLIM). The error estimates between the exact solution and the regularized approximate solution are presented by using two regularization parameter selection rules. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the regularization methods.
CosmoMIA: cosmic web-based redshift space halo distribution
Authors: Forero Sánchez D. , Kitaura F.-S. , Sinigaglia F. , Coloma-Nadal J.M. , Kneib J.-P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModern galaxy surveys demand extensive survey volumes and resolutions surpassing current dark matter-only simulations' capabilities. To address this, many methods employ effective bias models on the dark matter field to approximate object counts on a grid. However, realistic catalogs necessitate specific coordinates and velocities for a comprehensive understanding of the Universe. In this research, we explore sub-grid modeling to create accurate catalogs, beginning with coarse grid number counts at resolutions of approximately 5.5h-1Mpc per side. These resolutions strike a balance between modeling nonlinear damping of baryon acoustic oscillations and facilitating large-volume simulations. Augmented Lagrangian Perturbation Theory (ALPT) is utilized to model the dark matter field and motions, replicating the clustering of a halo catalog derived from a massive simulation atz= 1.1. Our approach involves four key stages: Tracer Assignment: Allocating dark matter particles to tracers based on grid cell counts, generating additional particles to address discrepancies. Attractor Identification: Defining attractors based on particle cosmic web environments, acting as gravitational focal points. Tracer Collapse: Guiding tracers towards attractors, simulating structure collapse. Redshift Space Distortions: Introducing redshift space distortions to simulated catalogs using ALPT and a random dispersion term. Results demonstrate accurate reproduction of monopoles and quadrupoles up to wave numbers of approximatelyk= 0.6hMpc-1. This method holds significant promise for galaxy surveys like DESI, EUCLID, and LSST, enhancing our understanding of the cosmos across scales.
Design of shortcuts to adiabaticity for Bose–Einstein condensate dynamics in soliton Josephson junctions
Authors: Wu Jingru , Han Chengyu , Kong Qian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article primarily establishes a two-soliton system and employs the Lewis–Riesenfeld invariant inverse control method to achieve shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) technology. We study an atomic soliton Josephson junctions (SJJs) device and subsequently compare and analyze it with atomic bosonic Josephson junctions. Moreover, we use higher-order expressions of the auxiliary equations to optimize the results and weaken the detrimental effect of the sloshing amplitude. We find that in the adiabatic shortcut evolution of two systems with time-containing tunnelling rates, the SJJs system is more robust over a rather short time evolution. In comparison with linear ramping, the STA technique is easier to achieve with the precise modulation of the quantum state in the SJJs system.
Contributions of the extended ELISE and BATMAN Upgrade test facilities to the roadmap towards ITER NBI
Authors: Fantz U. , Wünderlich D. , Wimmer C. , Barnes M. , den Harder N. , Heinemann B. , Heiler A. , Lindqvist M. , Merk F. , Navarro A. , Nocentini R. , Orozco G. , Riedl R. , Yordanov D. , Zielke D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
ITER’s NBI systems are a first of its kind system with very challenging targets for the RF-driven ion source and the acceleration stage. In a step ladder approach, the ion source test facilities BATMAN Upgrade (BUG) and ELISE support the activities carried out at the Neutral Beam Test Facility, Padua, which is equipped with the ion source facility SPIDER and with MITICA being equivalent to the ITER Heating Neutral Beam injector (HNB), capable of operating at the full power and pulse length of the ITER HNBs. The contributions of the prototype ion source at BUG (1/8 scale) and the size scaling experiment ELISE (1/2 size ITER source) to the roadmap are manifold: for hydrogen operation the ion source performance is demonstrated in several sequential 1000 s pulses, whereas long pulse deuterium operation is limited by the heat load of the co-extracted electrons on the extraction grid. Measures like special magnetic filter field configurations or biasing of surfaces and improved Cs management are identified. Both facilities have recently been extended to full steady state compatibility and very first insights of the ion source performance with steady state extraction compared to the previously used beam blips (10 s extraction every 150 s) are already gained. A pulse length of 400 s, as required for the first deuterium campaigns at ITER, seems to be feasible soon, whereas the one hour pulse imposes the highest challenge to overcome. Investigations on beam divergence revealed a divergence at the upper limit of the acceptable value for the HNB. Measurements on the beam uniformity on the scale of beamlet groups and grid segments at ELISE demonstrated a uniformity of better than the required 90%. BUG and ELISE gave input to recent implementations at SPIDER; MITICA and ITER’s NBI. Still open points and challenges are addressed, for which a continuation of the step ladder approach is essential.
Quasi-continuous re-binning of measured spectra and associated uncertainties
Authors: Dombrowski H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As part of an evaluation of gamma-ray spectra or other
spectra, the need to adapt the binning quasi-continuously may
arise. Often, the re-distribution of measured events to a new energy
scale may be required. The necessity to change the energy scale can
have several reasons. Frequently, a drift of the detector or the
amplifier leads to different energy scales of measured spectra in
time. In order to calculate difference spectra or sum spectra, the
energy axis and binning of all spectra has to be adapted. Moreover,
before a spectrum is unfolded, its energy axis also has to be
adapted to the energy scale of the response matrix. Widespread
commercial software packages, which are commonly used for the
analysis of spectra, do not include an algorithm which solves this
task. Three algorithms are presented in this work after shedding
light on the mathematical background. An analysis of the statistical
uncertainty of the counts of re-binned or remapped spectra completes
this paper.