bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An electrophysiological correlate of sleep in a shark
Authors: Lesku John A. , Libourel Paul‐Antoine , Kelly Michael L. , Hemmi Jan M. , Kerr Caroline C. , Collin Shaun P. , Radford Craig A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSleep is a prominent physiological state observed across the animal kingdom. Yet, for some animals, our ability to identify sleep can be masked by behaviors otherwise associated with being awake, such as for some sharks that must swim continuously to push oxygenated seawater over their gills to breathe. We know that sleep in buccal pumping sharks with clear rest/activity cycles, such as draughtsboard sharks (Cephaloscyllium isabellum, Bonnaterre, 1788), manifests as a behavioral shutdown, postural relaxation, reduced responsiveness, and a lowered metabolic rate. However, these features of sleep do not lend themselves well to animals that swim nonstop. In addition to video and accelerometry recordings, we tried to explore the electrophysiological correlates of sleep in draughtsboard sharks using electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography, and electrooculography, while monitoring brain temperature. The seven channels of EEG activity had a surprising level of (apparent) instability when animals were swimming, but also when sleeping. The amount of stable EEG signals was too low for replication within‐ and across individuals. Eye movements were not measurable, owing to instability of the reference electrode. Based on an established behavioral characterization of sleep in draughtsboard sharks, we offer the original finding that muscle tone was strongest during active wakefulness, lower in quietly awake sharks, and lowest in sleeping sharks. We also offer several critical suggestions on how to improve techniques for characterizing sleep electrophysiology in future studies on elasmobranchs, particularly for those that swim continuously. Ultimately, these approaches will provide important insights into the evolutionary confluence of behaviors typically associated with wakefulness and sleep.
The sensitivity analysis using adjoint method in numerical modeling of electric potential distribution of the transmission lines
Authors: Paganotti André Luiz , Saldanha Rodney Resende , Lisboa Adriano Chaves , Afonso Márcio Matias , Duane Bell Abrão Marques 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a new methodology for sensitivity analysis evaluation, fast and with high precision of the electric potential distribution near the transmission lines (TL's). The TL is modeled by the finite element method and the sensitivity of the cable positions is obtained using the adjoint method. The sensitivity of the objective function during the optimization process by using methods based on gradient information is obtained by using the adjoint method. The exact sensitivity obtained by the adjoint method concerning the numeric model of the TL's results in new geometries of the bundles conductors with high surge impedance loading. These geometries are not possible to get using analytic models. The sensitivities of a large number of conductors by phase are obtained with high precision and very low computational cost using adjoint sensitivities, which are independent of the number of design variables. The central finite difference method is used to calculate the sensitivities and to validate the adjoint method. With this methodology, the FEM model of the TL can be used during the optimization process without compromising the required computational processing time.
Assessing drought in Turkish basins through satellite observations
Authors: Ozcelik Ceyhun , Yilmaz Mustafa Utku , Benli Kader 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDrought occurs when there is a sustained decrease in rainfall over an extended period, impacting the socio‐cultural and environmental aspects of humans and other living beings. The geographic distribution and timing of droughts play a crucial role in drought management and mitigation strategies. Identifying and predicting the onset of droughts in specific regions, especially in watershed areas, is a primary concern in the field of hydrology. This study focuses on how the spatiotemporal patterns of drought are developing in Turkish Basins using detailed data on Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS), precipitation, and temperature at the pixel level. GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment), PERSIANN (Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks), and WorldClim (World Climate) data sets are employed to assess long‐term changes of drought on a basin‐scale. Spatial analyses are conducted in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment for the derivation of basinal monthly mean, minimum, and maximum statistics of TWS, precipitation, and temperature anomalies within Turkish Basins. Time series analyses are implemented to investigate the temporal evolution of droughts in these basins, for the basinal monthly mean, minimum, and maximum statistics obtained. The Mann–Kendall trend test and Pettitt change point detection tests are used to assess the statistical significance of the calculated trends and to expose the existence of any change point therein, respectively. The findings of the study indicate that Turkiye faces a significant risk of drought development in nearly all its basins, particularly after 2016. The GRACE dataset provides realistic insights into the temporal behaviour of hydrological droughts. PERSIANN is effective in identifying years with extreme meteorological conditions, and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) shows similar effectiveness, while they are ineffective in exposing significant trends due to the nature of the precipitation data. WorldClim data proves insufficient for modelling the temporal behaviour of droughts in these basins.
Access to Sudden Hearing Loss Care at Urgent Care Centers
Authors: Haleem Afash , Rosenthal Zachary , Lee Daniel J. 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo compare patient access to urgent care centers (UCCs) with a diagnosis of sudden hearing loss based on insurance.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐five random UCCs in states with Medicaid expansion and 125 random UCCs in states without Medicaid expansion were contacted by a research assistant posing as a family member seeking care on behalf of a patient with a one‐week history of sudden, unilateral hearing loss. Each clinic was called once as a Medicaid patient and once as a private insurance (PI) patient for 500 total calls. Each phone encounter was evaluated for insurance acceptance and self‐pay price. Secondary outcomes included other measures of timely/accessible care. Chi‐square/McNemar's tests and independent/paired sample t‐tests were performed to determine whether there were statistically significant differences between expansion status and insurance type. Calls ended before answering questions were not included in the analysis.ResultsMedicaid acceptance rate was significantly lower than PI (68.1% vs. 98.4%, p < 0.001). UCCs in Medicaid expansion states were significantly more likely to accept Medicaid (76.8% vs. 59.2%, p = 0.003). The mean wage‐adjusted self‐pay price was significantly greater in states with Medicaid expansion at $169.84 than in states without at $145.34 when called as a Medicaid patient (mean difference: $24.50, 95% Confidence Interval: $0.45–$48.54, p = 0.046). The rates of referral to an emergency department and self‐pay price nondisclosure rates were greater for Medicaid calls than for private insurance calls (8.2% vs. 0.4% and 17.4% vs. 5.8%; p < 0.001 for both).ConclusionMedicaid patients with otologic emergencies face reduced access to care at UCCs.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:5066–5072, 2024
Reintroduced, but not accepted: Stakeholder perceptions of beavers in Germany
Authors: Hohm Maximilian , Moesch Simon S. , Bahm Jennifer , Haase Dagmar , Jeschke Jonathan M. , Balkenhol Niko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

While reintroductions of regionally extinct native species usually benefit ecosystems, reintroduced animals often struggle to locate appropriate habitats where they can establish themselves without conflict with humans. European beavers (Castor fiber) were successfully reintroduced to Germany almost 60 years ago and have reached high abundances again. As beavers can damage trees and change landscapes, they are increasingly in conflict with humans.

We investigated human perceptions of beavers in Germany using an online survey, as they are an example of a reintroduced species with an expanding population and potential conflicts with humans. We asked participants about their emotions (anger, fear, interest, joy) towards beavers and what they consider to be acceptable beaver habitats.

Of nearly 1500 survey participants, 803 (53%) were from the general public, 475 (32%) from the agricultural sector and 219 (15%) from forestry. People in these sectors had very different perspectives: beavers were positively perceived by the general public, but negatively by stakeholders working in agriculture and forestry. Independently of stakeholder groups, we also found regional differences, as participants from Bavaria—the German state with the highest beaver densities—viewed beavers more negatively than those from the rest of Germany.

Zoos and wildlife parks, as well as urban and nature conservation areas, were considered to be the most acceptable habitats for beavers, whereas survey participants did not accept private gardens and cultivated areas as beaver habitats.

We discuss the sources of negative emotions towards beavers and how ecologically suitable habitats differ from those that appear acceptable by humans. Even 60 years after their reintroduction, beavers in Germany are still being recognized as both a novelty and a nuisance. Our findings highlight the need for active beaver management and increased public engagement to enable positive coexistence between beavers and humans in Germany.

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Changes in the users of the social‐ecological system around a reciprocal human‐dolphin relationship
Authors: Cantor Mauricio , Santos‐Silva Bruna , Daura‐Jorge Fábio G. , Machado Alexandre M. S. , Peterson Débora , da‐Rosa Daiane X. , Simões‐Lopes Paulo C. , Valle‐Pereira João V. S. , Zank Sofia , Hanazaki Natalia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In contrast to many contemporary negative human‐nature relationships, Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities have stewarded nature through cultural practices that include reciprocal contributions for both humans and nature. A rare example is the century‐old artisanal fishery in which net‐casting fishers and wild dolphins benefit by working together, but little is known about the persistence of the social‐ecological system formed around this cultural practice.

Here, we frame the human‐dolphin cooperative fishery in southern Brazil as a social‐ecological system based on secondary data from the scientific and grey literature. To investigate the dynamics of this system, we survey the local and traditional ecological knowledge and examine potential changes in its main component—the artisanal fishers—over time and space.

Over 16 years, we conducted four interview campaigns with 188 fishers in fishing sites that are more open (accessible) or closed (restricted) to external influence. We investigated their experience, engagement and economic dependence on dolphin‐assisted fishing, as well as the learning processes and transmission of the traditional knowledge required to cooperate with dolphins.

Our qualitative data suggest that fishers using accessible and restricted fishing sites have equivalent fishing experience, but those in more restrictive sites tend to be more economically dependent on dolphins, relying on them for fishing year‐round. The traditional knowledge on how to cooperate with dolphins is mostly acquired via social learning, with a tendency for vertical learning to be frequent among fishers using sites more restrictive for outsiders. Experience, economic dependence and reliance on vertical learning seem to decrease recently, especially in the accessible site. Our quantitative analyses, however, suggest that some of these fluctuations were not significant.

Our study outlines the key components of this social‐ecological system and identifies changes in the attributes of a main component, the users. These changes, when coupled with changes in other components such as governance and resource units (fish and dolphins), can have implications for the persistence of this cultural practice and the livelihoods of Local Communities. We suggest that continuous monitoring of this system can help to safeguard the reciprocal contributions of this human‐nature relationship in years to come.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
High DOCK1 expression identifies a distinct prognostic subgroup of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: Results of the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group AML‐05 trial
Authors: Yoshitomi Masahiro , Tsujimoto Shin‐Ichi , Ikeda Junji , Kawai Tomoko , Ohki Kentaro , Hara Yusuke , Yamato Genki , Tanoshima Reo , Tomizawa Daisuke , Shimada Akira , Horibe Keizo , Adachi Souichi , Taga Takashi , Tawa Akio , Hayashi Yasuhide , Ito Shuichi , Shiba Norio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe molecular pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was dramatically clarified over the latest two decades. Several important molecular markers were discovered in patients with AML that have helped to improve the risk stratification. However, developing new treatment strategies for relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is crucial due to its poor prognosis.ProcedureTo overcome this difficulty, we performed an assay for transposase‐accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC‐seq) in 10 AML patients with various gene alterations. ATAC‐seq is based on direct in vitro sequencing adaptor transposition into native chromatin, and is a rapid and sensitive method for integrative epigenomic analysis. ATAC‐seq analysis revealed increased accessibility of the DOCK1 gene in patients with AML harboring poor prognostic factors. Following the ATAC‐seq results, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure DOCK1 gene expression levels in 369 pediatric patients with de novo AML.ResultsHigh DOCK1 expression was detected in 132 (37%) patients. The overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) among patients with high DOCK1 expression were significantly worse than those patients with low DOCK1 expression (3‐year EFS: 34% vs. 60%, p < .001 and 3‐year OS: 60% vs. 80%, p < .001). To investigate the significance of high DOCK1 gene expression, we transduced DOCK1 into MOLM14 cells, and revealed that cytarabine in combination with DOCK1 inhibitor reduced the viability of these leukemic cells.ConclusionsOur results indicate that a DOCK1 inhibitor might reinforce the effects of cytarabine and other anti‐cancer agents in patients with AML with high DOCK1 expression.
Characteristics and degradability of laser print waste paper fiber reinforced PLA resin matrix composite materials
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Chang Xing , Xu Long , Huang Maocai , Zuo Liyuan , Cao Jing , Wu Yali , Li Xin , Yang Menghao , Gao Limin , Bo Xiangfeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs is well known, Laser print paper is usually produced with high‐quality chemical wood pulp. The laser print waste paper fiber (LPWF) is a high‐quality secondary fiber, and the research and development of high‐value utilization technology for laser print waste paper has attracted much attention in the field of renewable resource recycling. In this study, LPWF was used to reinforce poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites in the field, and the composites were modified with bioenzyme, cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), and nano‐silicon carbide (Nano‐SiC) to enhance the interfacial compatibility of LPWF/PLA composites. The study systematically investigated the effects of various modification methods on the characteristics and degradability of composites made from laser print waste paper fiber reinforced PLA resin matrix. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the composites treated with CPAM and Nano‐SiC were significantly improved, with tensile strengths of 54.3 and 59.5 MPa, and flexural strengths of 85.1 and 91.5 MPa, respectively, and the water absorption of the composites was reduced after the modification treatment, while the thermal stability was improved. The degradation performance of the composites in various water environments indicated that the inclusion of LPWF accelerated the water degradation rate of the composites, with the maximum degradation rate of the composite reaching 1.26% in 30 days.Highlights
Laser print waste paper is an excellent quality recyclable fiber resource.
Four modifiers were used to modify LPWF/PLA composites.
Characteristics and degradability of the composites were investigated.
Significantly improved properties of CPAM and Nano‐SiC modified composites.
The degradation rate of composites is increased by the addition of LPWF.
An experimental and computational investigation of discharge mode transitions in a partially magnetized radio frequency capacitively coupled oxygen discharge
Authors: Liu Jia‐Rui , Wang Xiao‐Kun , Wang Li , Zhao Kai , Liu Yong‐Xin , Song Yuan‐Hong , Wang You‐Nian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA magnetized capacitively coupled oxygen plasma was studied synergistically using phase resolved optical emission spectroscopy and particle‐based kinetic simulation. Discharge mode transitions from ambipolar mode into drift mode and finally into α mode induced by increasing the magnetic field were observed at different driving frequencies and different electrode gaps. The simulation results demonstrate that the discharge operating in the same mode exhibits a similar degree of electronegativity. By increasing driving frequency or electrode gap, the same discharge mode transition tends to occur at a lower magnetic field, and, meanwhile, the high electric field and electron power absorption shift from the bulk region to the sheath edge.
Creating a digital approach for promoting physical activity in pediatric pulmonary hypertension: A framework for future interventions
Authors: Avitabile Catherine M. , Mota Jena P. , Yeaman Kiley M. , Andrieux Sybil J. , Lechtenberg Lara , Escobar Emma , Chuo John , Xanthopoulos Melissa S. , Faig Walter , O'Malley Shannon M. , Ford Elizabeth , McBride Michael G. , Paridon Stephen M. , Mitchell Jonathan A. , Zemel Babette S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChildren with pulmonary hypertension (PH) often demonstrate limited exercise capacity. Data support exercise as an effective nonpharmacologic intervention among adults with PH. However, data on exercise training in children and adolescents are limited, and characteristics of the optimal exercise program in pediatric PH have not been identified. Exercise programs may have multiple targets, including muscle deficits which are associated with exercise limitations in both adult and pediatric PH. Wearable accelerometer sensors measure physical activity volume and intensity in the naturalistic setting and can facilitate near continuous data transfer and bidirectional communication between patients and the study team when paired with informatics tools during exercise interventions. To address the knowledge gaps in exercise training in pediatric PH, we designed a prospective, single arm, nonrandomized pilot study to determine feasibility and preliminary estimates of efficacy of a 16‐week home exercise intervention, targeting lower extremity muscle mass and enriched by wearable mobile health technology. The exercIse Training in pulmONary hypertEnsion (iTONE) trial includes (1) semistructured exercise prescriptions tailored to the participant's baseline level of activity and access to resources; (2) interval goal setting fostering self‐efficacy; (3) real time monitoring of activity via wearable devices; (4) a digital platform enabling communication and feedback between participant and study team; (5) multiple avenues to assess participant safety. This pilot intervention will provide information on the digital infrastructure needed to conduct home‐based exercise interventions in PH and will generate important preliminary data on the effect of exercise interventions in youth with chronic cardiorespiratory conditions to power larger studies in the future.
A case of treatment for pulmonary infection caused by multidrug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Guo Chenxia , Xu Shaohua , Yan Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii is a major pathogen in hospital‐acquired infections notorious for its strong acquired resistance and complex drug resistance mechanisms. Owing to the lack of effective drugs, the mortality rate of extensively drug‐resistant A. baumannii pneumonia can reach as high as 65%. This article analyzes a case where a combination of cefoperazone‐sulbactam, polymyxin B, and minocycline with rifampicin successfully treated XDR‐AB pulmonary infection. Combination therapy is effective and has a particular clinical value.
Psychodermatology in Hungary: Awareness and Practice Patterns of Dermatologists
Authors: Cápec Gabriella , Jafferany Mohammad , Cápec Szergej , Hoffmann Sára , Sárdy Miklós 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Psychodermatology is an interdisciplinary branch of medicine between psychiatry /psychology and dermatology.

Objectives
This study aimed to assess Hungarian dermatologists’ awareness, practice patterns and attitudes towards psychodermatology.

Methods
A questionnaire-based survey was sent from October 2020 to June 2021 to 100 dermatologists (including residents in dermatology) in Hungary with a response rate of 51%. The participants were asked about understanding of the concept of psychodermatology and their training in this field, comfort in treatment, and interest in continuing medical education on dermatological disorders with psychological components.

Results
49% of the respondents understood psychodermatology as a bidirectional interaction of the patient’s mental and dermatological conditions, and 25.5% were comfortable in treating psychodermatological patients. The most common dermatological diagnoses with psychological/psychiatric involvement reported were psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis, anxiety, delusional parasitosis, and depression were the most common diagnoses when dermatologists referred patients to psychiatrists. In total, 76.5% of participants could not name any resource (magazine, website, etc.) for patients and their families where information about psychodermatology is available, and 58.8% showed a definite interest in attending training on psychodermatology.

Conclusion
The results of our study suggest that Hungarian dermatologists have a high awareness of the term “psychodermatology”, and only a quarter of practitioners feel adequately equipped and comfortable managing patients with psychosomatic aspects in their treatment. The relatively large gap between the number of patients with a psychodermatological component and referrals by dermatologists to mental health specialists indicates the potential importance of more intensive collaboration between dermatologists, psychiatrists and/or psychologists.