bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical subtypes and pregnancy outcome of cervical incompetence
Authors: Xiao Huiqin , Xing Xiaofang , Zhang Can , Shao Yong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: Cervical incompetence is an important cause of mild-term miscarriage or premature birth.This article intends to investigate the effect of surgical treatment of cervical incompetence at difference time and its influence on maternal and fetal outcomes.
Methods: The clinical data of 246 patients in our hospital were divided into selective group (150 cases) and emergency cerclage group(96 cases). According to the different degree of cervical dilatation and amniotic sac protrusion during operation, the emergence cerclage group was divided into 4 types: Type I(43 cases of cervical intraoral dilatation only),Type II(27 cases of cervical intraoral and extraoral dilatation with amniotic sac), Type III(14 cases of amniotic sac protrusion in the upper 1/3 of the vagina ), and the Type IV(12 cases of the amniotic sac protrusion in the middle and lower part do the vagina). The general conditions, high risk factors, postoperative complications, pregnancy outcome and neonatal prognosis were analyzed and compared.
Conclusion: Timely cerclage can significantly prolong the pregnancy time, increase the live birth rate and improve the neonatal outcome. Cervical incompetence can be classified into four types based on the degree of cervical dilation during surgery and the degree of amniotic sac protrusion; Transvaginal amniotic fluid reduction surgery provides an effective surgical solution for patients with cervical incompetence type IV.
Landscape fragmentation and agricultural context impact pollination dynamics of native annual plants
Authors: Sevenello Manuel , Walker Zac C. , Mayfield Margaret M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Agricultural intensification leads to habitat loss and fragmentation, disrupting plant-pollinator interactions directly, through changes in landscape configuration, and indirectly through altered land-use practices. This has detrimental consequences for the persistence of plants, pollinators, and the ecosystem services they provide.
Objectives
We investigated the mechanisms by which environmental and agricultural context impact pollination dynamics and the reproductive success of native plant species in remnant vegetation within an agricultural mosaic. Specifically, we evaluate the direct and indirect effects of landscape fragmentation (patch size and edge effect) and agricultural practices (crop type adjacent to natural remnants) on bee communities and native plants seed production.
Methods
We sampled the pollinator community and conducted pollination experiments on four native annual plant species in the core and edge of nine natural remnants. For each site, we recorded remnant size, adjacent crop type (canola or wheat), and local environmental and biological conditions. We then assessed the relationships between these landscape features, bee communities, pollination services, and the reproductive success of native annual forb species.
Results
Bee abundance was higher in reserves adjacent to canola compared to wheat. However, bee abundance decreased from the core to the edge of remnants adjacent to canola, suggesting a possible pollinator dilution effect. Canola directly and indirectly increased seed production of the focal plant species, mediated by changes in pollinator abundance.
Conclusions
Adjacent crop type, edge effects, and patch size shape plant-pollinator interactions through changes in pollinator abundance, whereas local-scale floral abundance influence pollination dynamics. Our findings indicate that agricultural practices impact the reproductive success of native plants persisting in remnants within an intensively managed agricultural landscape. Further, we show that this effect is mediated by the abundance of generalist insect pollinators in remnant vegetation.
Extreme rainfall forecasting using a hybrid model approach - A case study of the Ajay River basin
Authors: Mandraha Shivanand 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Extreme rainfall event forecasting is important as these events are responsible for causing floods, landslides, and other hazards with substantial socio-economic consequences. The intricate nature of rainfall occurrences makes it more difficult to forecast accurately, especially when it comes to extreme rainfall. This study investigates the application of the Quantile Perturbation Method (QPM) along with the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to forecast extreme rainfall anomalies. This methodology utilizes the strength of QPM to decipher oscillations in time series of extreme rainfall to identify anomalies, which are then forecasted using LSTM. The model was developed for the Ajay River basin as a case study based on historical rainfall data from 1901–2022. To determine the best model, several experiments with various configurations were conducted. Performance metrics such as Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), correlation coefficient (R), and root mean square error (RMSE) were utilized for model evaluations. The QPM-LSTM model was compared against other combined machine learning models, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Regression (SVR). The investigation demonstrated satisfactory predictive performance by the QPM-LSTM model, achieving NSE, R, and RMSE values of 0.87, 0.93, and 7.26, respectively. Compared to the other evaluated models, these results highlighted the potential of the QPM-LSTM model as a valuable tool for forecasting extreme rainfall anomalies, offering significant benefits for water resource management and other sectors vulnerable to extreme rainfall events.
Exploring Gender Differences in Psychological Motivation and Effectiveness Evaluation for College Sports Adherence
Authors: Wang Li , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study examines the influence of gender on psychological motivation and effectiveness evaluation among college students to sports adherence. A questionnaire survey involved 782 Chinese college students, 335 males and 447 females. Data were analyzed using multiple regression, revealing the positive impact of psychological motivation and effectiveness evaluation on promoting adherence to sports activities. Findings indicate that gender significantly influences the psychological motivation and effectiveness evaluation that affect students' commitment to physical education and sports. Male students demonstrated greater adherence to sports, driven by socialization and fun motivation, whereas female students prioritized the evaluative aspects of physical appearance and health. These insights underscore the necessity for tailored physical education strategies that cater to the distinct needs of gender-diverse students, thereby fostering ongoing engagement and adherence to physical activities.
Applying Shifted-Beta-Geometric and Beta-Discrete-Weibull Models for Employee Retention Curve Projection
Authors: Antipov Evgeny A. , Gagarskaya Anastasia , Trofimova Yulia , Pokryshevskaya Elena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Employees are vital assets to any organization, and their departure can result in reduced human capital and operational disruptions. To mitigate this, companies employ predictive analysis to forecast potential employee churn. Probability-based modeling for projecting employee churn is an underexplored area in HR analytics. This paper tests the applicability of the shifted-beta-geometric (sBG) and beta-discrete-Weibull (BdW) models within the context of employee survival projection. Using data from three cohorts of employees, we compare the results of these models with each other as well as with linear and logarithmic regressions. Our key finding is the superior performance of the BdW model, which can capture differences in churn rates between employees and within employees over time. The beta distribution captures the heterogeneous employee loyalty, while the Weibull distribution effectively captures retention rate changes over time. Our research demonstrates that parsimonious probabilistic models, which require minimal data and have so far been used only in customer analytics, can be applied in HR analytics for projecting employee retention curves.
Design, synthesis and nematicidal activity of novel 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives containing amide fragments
Authors: Ou Yuqin , Guo Xue , Zhang Qi , Zhang Wei , Gan Xiuhai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Plant-parasitic nematodes are seriously affecting agricultural production worldwide and there are few highly effective and low-risk nematicides to control nematode diseases. In order to discover new nematicides, a series of 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives containing amide fragments have been designed and synthesized with the principle of active substructure splicing. The nematicidal activity of the target compounds were evaluated in vitro and it indicated that compound C3 exhibited the most nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Aphelenchoides besseyi, and Ditylenchus destructor with the LC50 values of 37.2, 36.6, and 43.4 μg/mL, respectively, which were superior to positive agent tioxazafen. The preliminary mechanisms results revealed that compound C3 not only inhibited the reproduction of B. xylophilus populations, but also affected the production of ROS and the accumulation of lipofuscin and lipids. Furthermore, compound C3 showed good inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) with the IC50 value of 45.5 µmol/L. Molecular docking indicated that compound C3 had excellent binding to amino acids around the SDH active pocket. This work indicated that 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivative containing amide fragment is a promising template for the discovery of new nematicides and compound C3 can be used as a potential nematicide candidate.
Low Temperature Enhances Skin Wound Healing by Activating Long-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis Which Promotes Exit of the Inflammatory Phase
Authors: Zhou Siyi , Li Zeming , Li Ke , Ye Yuanli , Liang Huan , Wang Nian’ou , Liu Weiwei , Jiang Jingwei , Chen Aijun , Xiang Xiao , Lei Mingxing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Empirical evidence indicates that the rate of wound healing varies through different seasons, where it is higher in spring and fall but lower in summer and winter, suggesting appropriate low temperatures may promote wound healing via an unknown mechanism. Here we discover such low temperature which facilitates wound healing by stimulating long-chain fatty acid synthesis that curtails inflammation. Using skin injury and skin organoids models, single-cell RNA-sequencing and spatial transcriptomics analysis, and in vivo functional perturbations, we demonstrate that treatment at 20℃ markedly increases the rate of wound healing by upregulating Elongation of Very Long Chain Fatty Acid Elongase 4 (ELOVL4) in the injured epidermis. We identify docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as the key products of ELOVL4 that independently control wound healing by dampening the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). This chain of physiological events enhances wound healing via its timely exit of the inflammatory phase and entry into the reconstructive phase of tissue repair. Our findings highlight the skin adaptability to low temperatures and link the evolutionarily conserved mechanism of long-chain fatty acid synthesis to wound repair while demonstrating the potential application of low-temperature therapy in wound healing.
Effect of Nanodiamonds on Friction Reduction Performance in Presence of Organic and Inorganic Friction Modifiers
Authors: Piya Afrina Khan , Yang Liuquan , Emami Nazanin , Morina Ardian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The strive to reduce harmful emissions from transport has resulted in an increase emphasis on minimising friction in lubricated contacting components to improve the energy efficiency of automotive engines. In this sense, it is of particular interest to investigate whether synergistic tribological performance could be achieved by combining of two or more friction modifier additives with nanoparticles especially nanodiamonds due to their distinctive tribological properties in order to minimize harmful sulphur and phosphorous concentration from lubricant formulation. This study conducts a comprehensive investigation into the tribological characteristics of lubricant formulations enriched with nanodiamonds (NDs), combined with both organic (Glycerol Monooleate, GMO) and inorganic (Molybdenum dithiocarbamate, MoDTC) friction modifiers, and a minimal quantity of an anti-wear additive (Zinc dialkyl dithio-phosphate, ZDDP) with Poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) base oil. The outcomes of tribological experiments indicate that incorporating NDs can positively influence friction and wear characteristics, depending upon their interactions with other additives present in the lubricant mixture. Analysis of wear scars using High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy reveals that employing NDs as a friction modifier with other additives is a viable strategy to lessen the use of harmful lubricant additives and enhance overall tribological efficacy.
Characterizing and Assessing Drinking Water Treatment Plant Sludges as a Soil Stabilizer in Trabzon, Türkiye
Authors: AYDIN Kemal , SİVRİKAYA Osman , ÜÇÜNCÜ Osman , AYDİN Faruk 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Resources used with the increasing population and developing industry and related wastes are also increasing rapidly. The conscious use of the environment and natural resources for future generations, and the waste products resulting from the resources used should be evaluated with the most economical and environmentally friendly attitude without harming nature. Considering factors such as the country's economy, storage cost, efficient use of resources and most importantly environmental and public health, evaluating these wastes is quite important. Today, many studies have been carried out to assess these wastes with an economic and ecological attitude. Determining the characterization of waste is the most fundamental step to be taken for the selection of the waste evaluation method. Therefore, the most accurate evaluation method is decided by determining the characterization of the waste material to be used. In this study, it was aimed to determine the characterization of waste sludges from some of the drinking water treatment plants in Trabzon, Türkiye and to evaluate them in terms of ground stabilization. In this context, the waste sludge samples from the Esiroğlu, Akçaabat and Derecik Drinking Water Treatment Plants with traditional treatment systems were taken from the plants in slurry form and were first dewatered. Subsequently, a series of analyses and experimental studies on dewatered waste samples were carried out and characterizations of waste sludges were determined based on their mineralogical, chemical, physical and mechanical properties. As the material properties of the treatment sludges in the drinking water treatment plants were evaluated, the WS-1 was found to the most suitable material that could be used in the stabilization of soils. Therefore, the use of this sludge will be both ecological and economical.
Predictive Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Dermatomyositis: A Comprehensive Exploration
Authors: Metko Dea , Bednar Dimitra , Legault Kimberly , Abu-Hilal Mohannad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Dermatomyositis (DM) has been associated with multiple systemic complications, including cardiovascular diseases such as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and/or congestive heart failure (CHF). These cardiovascular complications are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in DM patients emphasizing the importance of identifying predictive factors. Our study investigates risk factors for DCM and/or CHF in patients with adult-onset DM in Ontario, Canada. The study comprised 114 patients in total, with a median age of 58 years (range = 21–99), and 80% female participants. 16 individuals (14%) were diagnosed with DCM and/or CHF. Statistical analyses showed that the presence of Raynaud's phenomenon, increased disease duration, the presence of anti-Ro 52 antibodies, elevated ESR, and elevated LDH were all predictive factors for the development of DCM/CHF in DM patients. In conclusion, this study significantly contributes to our understanding of predictive factors for CVDs in DM patients. Early prediction and continuous monitoring of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) development is crucial, given the significant morbidity and mortality attributed to CVDs in DM patients. Further research is warranted to elucidate underlying mechanisms and refine risk assessment strategies, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes in this complex autoimmune disorder.
Integrating Genome-wide association and whole transcriptome analysis to reveal genetic control of grain quality traits in barley
Authors: Luan Haiye , Gao Jiajia , Qu Xin , Li Yu , Wu Yuhao , Wang Jun , Li Shufen , Xu Meng , Xu Xiao , Sun Miao , Xing Jincheng , Shen Huiquan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop used in animal feed, beer brewing, and food production. Quality traits of barley grain, such as starch and protein contents, have specific requirements depending on the intended end-use product. In this study, 250 barley accessions were evaluated for key grain quality traits, including protein content (GPC), starch content (GSC) and fibre content (GFC) across a two-year period. Through genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis, we identified 96 significant SNPs associated with grain quality traits. Additionally, two materials showed significant differences in grain quality were further selected for transcriptome analysis. A total of 4636 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 3684 DEGs were identified in different development stage. These DEGs mainly participate in carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, starch and sucrose metabolism, and so on. By integrating GWAS and RNA-Seq data analysis approaches, we identified 15 candidate genes primarily involved in hydrolysis of starch, glycosyltransferase and post-translational modification. These findings provide valuable insights for gene cloning related to grain quality and server as a reference for high-quality barley cultivars.
Thickness Dependency Analysis of Igzo Based Thin Film Transistor
Authors: Verma Akshay , Kashyap Nitesh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper highlights the thin film transistors used in the latest applications and devices. The working principle of thin film transistors with various device structures can be used to fabricate thin film transistors. Progress in the latest materials that are being used in applications like LCDs, sensors, RFID tags, Displays, etc. The remarkable characteristics of Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide (IGZO) thin films, for instance, their transparency and high mobility, have generated significant interest in the application part of Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs). The operation of a-IGZO TFTs taking four different insulators [Si 3 N 4 , SiO2, HfO2, and Al2O3] into consideration by varying insulator thicknesses is studied by simulating it over Silvaco [Atlas] TCAD Tool.
Development of a neutralization reaction in a droplet that extracts chemically active surfactant from its homogeneous solution
Authors: Denisova Maria , Kostarev Konstantin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The development of the neutralization reaction in a stationary droplet of cylindrical shape, extracting a surfactant from the surrounding mixture in a vertical Hele-Shaw cell, was studied experimentally. In our experiment, we used a new method of the simultaneous visualization of the refractive index field of light and the distribution of acidity levels in the solutions of source reactants and reaction products within the droplet. To carry out this approach, we utilized a Fizeau interferometer and added a pH indicator to the droplet before the experiment. A digital video camera recorded the resulting interference pattern with the superimposed color distribution created by solutions with different acidity levels. The study was conducted on a system of liquids where the chemical potentials would be equal when the concentration of the extracted reactant in the droplet was much higher than in the surrounding environment. Two variants of reaction realization - with and without Marangoni convection development - were considered. We determined the structures of flows and concentration fields in the droplet and its neighborhood and traced their evolution. Also, we evaluated the characteristic times of the extraction process depending on the initial reactant concentrations and droplet sizes. It was found that the resulting Marangoni convection had an oscillatory character and continued after the reaction completion. As expected, the formation of the capillary motion intensified the development of chemical reaction inside the droplet.
Effect of carbon dots on properties of cement-based self-leveling mortar
Authors: Zhao Ping , Deng Jierui , Jiang Yong , An Hongna , Jia Lujun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this work, the use of carbon dots (CDs) at a very small dosage level (1‱, 2‱, 3‱, and 4‱ by mass) in cement-based self-leveling mortar (SLM) mortar system was studied. The results show that the SLM prepared with CDs exhibited the higher flow value and setting time. The brasion resistance, bond strength, compressive strength, and flexural strength were significantly improved. Microstructure analysis revealed that the CDs could regulate formation of flower-like structure, and promote formation of cement hydration product C-S-H gel. The results of this study can provide a reference for the application of SLM reinforced with carbon dots in actual engineering.
Outcomes associated with Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in kidney transplant recipients: A real-world analysis using a global federated database.
Authors: Davies Elin , Anwar Nageen , Austin Philip , Wong Christopher , Devonald Mark , Lip Gregory , Louise Oni , McDowell Garry , Rao Anirudh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Rationale & Objective: Several trials have shown the nephroprotective and cardiovascular benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) among patients with native kidney disease. However, little is known about the safety and efficacy of SGLT2i in kidney transplant. The study aimed to investigate the benefits of SGLT2i in kidney transplant recipients.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study utilising data from adult kidney transplant recipients (≥ 18 years) was obtained from TriNetX, a global federated health research network. Cohorts were grouped by receipt of SGLT2i and 1:1 propensity-score matched for demographic characteristics, baseline cardiovascular comorbidities, laboratory data and immunosuppression. Cox regression produced hazard ratios with 95% CI for the outcomes.
Outcomes: Primary outcome: incident 5-year death-censored graft failure, rejection, major adverse cardiac events and mortality. Secondary outcomes: known complications of SGLT2i.
Results: 4,872 patients (mean age 59.2 years SD 12.2; 63% male). Patients in the SGLT2i cohort had statistically significantly reduced death censored graft failure (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.37-0.51, p <0.0001), rejection (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.39-0.50, p <0.0001, major adverse cardiovascular events (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70, 0.92, p 0.001) and mortality (HR 0.63 95% CI 0.55-0.72, p <0.017). The cohort identified no significant side effects associated with SGLT2i use.
Conclusion: Kidney transplant recipients treated with SGLT2i demonstrated a significant reduction in clinically relevant outcomes. The data suggests that they may have a strong beneficial role in the kidney transplant population.