bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance n‐Channel Thin‐Film Field‐Effect Transistors Based on a Nanowire‐Forming Polymer
Authors: Hahm Suk Gyu , Rho Yecheol , Jung Jungwoon , Kim Se Hyun , Sajoto Tissa , Kim Felix S. , Barlow Stephen , Park Chan Eon , Jenekhe Samson A. , Marder Seth R. , Ree Moonhor 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA new electrontransport polymer, poly{[N,N′‐dioctylperylene‐3,4,9,10‐bis(dicarboximide)‐1,7(6)‐diyl]‐alt‐[(2,5‐bis(2‐ethyl‐hexyl)‐1,4‐phenylene)bis(ethyn‐2,1‐diyl]} (PDIC8‐EB), is synthesized. In chloroform, the polymer undergoes self‐assembly, forming a nanowire suspension. The nanowire's optical and electrochemical properties, morphological structure, and field‐effect transistor (FET) characteristics are investigated. Thin films fabricated from a PDIC8‐EB nanowire suspension are composed of ordered nanowires and ordered and amorphous non‐nanowire phases, whereas films prepared from a homogeneous PDIC8‐EB solution consist of only the ordered and amorphous non‐nanowire phases. X‐ray scattering experiments suggest that in both nanowires and ordered phases, the PDIC8 units are laterally stacked in an edge‐on manner with respect to the film plane, with full interdigitation of the octyl chains, and with the polymer backbones preferentially oriented within the film plane. The ordering and orientations are significantly enhanced through thermal annealing at 200 °C under inert conditions. The polymer film with high degree of structural ordering and strong orientation yields a high electron mobility (0.10 ± 0.05 cm2V−1s−1), with a high on/off ratio (3.7 × 106), a low threshold voltage (8 V), and negligible hysteresis (0.5 V). This study demonstrates that the polymer in the nanowire suspension provides a suitable material for fabricating the active layers of high‐performance n‐channel FET devices via a solution coating process.
A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Agricultural Prices: An Application to Colombian Data
Authors: Iregui Ana María , Otero Jesús 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTThis study focusses on whether the geographical separation of markets constitutes a factor that helps explain the dynamics of agricultural prices. To do this, the authors employ a highly disaggregated dataset for Colombia that consists of weekly observations on wholesale prices for 18 agricultural products traded in markets scattered around the country. The sample period spans almost a decade. According to their results, which are based on generalized impulse response functions, distance (and thus transportation costs) is a factor that helps explain the speed at which prices adjust to shocks in other locations, thus confirming that price adjustments take longer for markets farther apart.
Seizure characteristics in Pallister–Killian syndrome
Authors: Candee Meghan S. , Carey John C. , Krantz Ian D. , Filloux Francis M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPallister–Killian syndrome (PKS) is a congenital disorder attributed to supernumerary isochromosome 12p mosaicism. Craniofacial dysmorphism, learning impairment and seizures are considered cardinal features. However, little is known regarding the seizure and epilepsy patterns in PKS. To better define the prevalence and spectrum of seizures in PKS, we studied 51 patients (39 male, 12 female; median age 4 years and 9 months; age range 7 months to 31 years) with confirmed 12p tetrasomy. Using a parent‐based structured questionnaire, we collected data regarding seizure onset, frequency, timing, semiology, and medication therapy. Patients were recruited through our practice, at PKS Kids family events, and via the PKS Kids website. Epilepsy occurred in 27 (53%) with 23 (85%) of those with seizures having seizure onset prior to 3.5 years of age. Mean age at seizure onset was 2 years and 4 months. The most common seizure types were myoclonic (15/27, 56%), generalized convulsions (13/27, 48%), and clustered tonic spasms (similar to infantile spasms; 8/27, 30%). Thirteen of 27 patients with seizures (48%) had more than one seizure type with 26 out of 27 (96%) ever having taken antiepileptic medications. Nineteen of 27 (70%) continued to have seizures and 17/27 (63%) remained on antiepileptic medication. The most commonly used medications were: levetiracetam (10/27, 37%), valproic acid (10/27, 37%), and topiramate (9/27, 33%) with levetiracetam felt to be “most helpful” by parents (6/27, 22%). Further exploration of seizure timing, in‐depth analysis of EEG recordings, and collection of MRI data to rule out confounding factors is warranted. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epilepsy due to 20q13.33 subtelomere deletion masquerading as pyridoxine‐dependent epilepsy
Authors: Mefford Heather C. , Cook Joseph , Gospe Sidney M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA cause of antiepileptic medication resistant seizures presenting in neonates and young infants is pyridoxine‐dependent epilepsy (PDE), an organic aciduria, which is due to recessive mutations in the ALDH7A1 gene, resulting in deficiency of antiquitin. Since the discovery of molecular basis of this disorder, a few patients have been reported with a similar clinical phenotype but without evidence of antiqutin dysfunction. We report on a patient who had carried a clinical diagnosis of PDE for 7 years, but who was than shown to have normal ALDH7A1 sequencing and the absence of biomarkers characteristic of this familial epilepsy. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) demonstrated a 1.5‐Mb terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20, which included deletion of the KCNQ2 and CHRNA4 genes, both of which have been associated with specific epilepsy syndromes. We suggest that this boy's neonatal epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disabilities are secondary to this deletion and that his clinical response to pyridoxine was coincidental. This patient's history emphasizes the utility of array CGH in the evaluation of children with epilepsy of unknown etiology. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical geneticists' views of VACTERL/VATER association
Authors: Solomon Benjamin D. , Bear Kelly A. , Kimonis Virginia , de Klein Annelies , Scott Daryl A. , Shaw‐Smith Charles , Tibboel Dick , Reutter Heiko , Giampietro Philip F. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractVACTERL association (sometimes termed “VATER association” depending on which component features are included) is typically defined by the presence of at least three of the following congenital malformations, which tend to statistically co‐occur in affected individuals: Vertebral anomalies, Anal atresia, Cardiac malformations, Tracheo‐Esophageal fistula, Renal anomalies, and Limb abnormalities. Although the clinical criteria for VACTERL association may appear to be straightforward, there is wide variability in the way clinical geneticists define the disorder and the genetic testing strategy they use when confronted with an affected patient. In order to describe this variability and determine the most commonly used definitions and testing modalities, we present the results of survey responses by 121 clinical geneticists. We discuss the results of the survey responses, provide a literature review and commentary from a group of physicians who are currently involved in clinical and laboratory‐based research on VACTERL association, and offer an algorithm for genetic testing in patients with this association. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical and radiological features of Japanese patients with a severe phenotype due to CASK mutations
Authors: Takanashi Jun‐ichi , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Yamamoto Yuto , Hayashi Shin , Arai Hiroshi , Takahashi Yukitoshi , Maruyama Koichi , Mizuno Seiji , Shimakawa Shuichi , Ono Hiroaki , Oyanagi Reiki , Kubo Satomi , Barkovich A. James , Inazawa Johji 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHeterozygous loss of function mutations of CASK at Xp11.4 in females cause severe intellectual disability (ID) and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia (MICPCH). However, the longitudinal clinical and radiological course of affected patients, including patterns of postnatal growth, has not been described. Neurodevelopmental and imaging information was retrospectively accrued for 16 Japanese (15 female and 1 male) patients with ID and MICPCH associated with CASK mutations. All records were analyzed; patient age ranged from 2 to 16 years at the time of the most recent examinations. The growth pattern, neurological development, neurological signs/symptoms, and facial features were similar in the 15 female patients. Their head circumference at birth was within the normal range in about half, and their height and weight were frequently normal. This was followed by early development of severe microcephaly and postnatal growth retardation. The patients acquired head control almost normally between 3 and 6 months, followed by motor delay. More than half of the female patients had epilepsy. Their MRIs showed microcephaly, brainstem, and cerebellar hypoplasia in early infancy, and a normal or large appearing corpus callosum. The male patient showed a more severe clinical phenotype. These uniform clinical and radiological features should facilitate an early diagnosis and be useful for medical care of females with ID and MICPCH associated with CASK mutations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Developmental and behavioral characteristics of individuals with Pallister–Killian syndrome
Authors: Kostanecka Anna , Close Lindsey B. , Izumi Kosuke , Krantz Ian D. , Pipan Mary 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPallister–Killian syndrome is a sporadic disorder caused by the presence of mosaic tetrasomy of the short arms of chromosome 12. Case reports of children with Pallister–Killian syndrome have described a range of developmental and behavioral outcomes, but no systematic studies of these outcomes exist. The objective of this study was to describe developmental and behavioral characteristics of individuals with Pallister–Killian syndrome participating in a national meeting of families and their affected children. Sixteen individuals with Pallister–Killian syndrome, ages 16 months to 19 years, were studied using questionnaires and direct interview. Among the 16 patients enrolled in the study, 3 probands were between 16 and 19 months, and had severe developmental delay. Among the rest of the 13 probands older than 24 months, 11 children had a developmental level of less than 8 months age equivalent. They were non‐ambulatory, non‐verbal, and passive, requiring extensive assistance in daily living. There were two higher functioning children who were ambulatory, and verbal. One of these children met criteria for Autism on the Autism Diagnostic Interview‐Revised. Thus, although most individuals with Pallister–Killian syndrome studied showed profound intellectual disability and sensory impairments, individuals with Pallister–Killian syndrome can have mild to moderate intellectual disability. Therefore, in individuals with physical examination findings of Pallister–Killian syndrome, formal diagnostic testing should be considered, even in individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability. Further studies will be needed to determine if these higher functioning children with Pallister–Killian syndrome are at increased risk for autism. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Head‐to‐head comparison of subcutaneous abatacept versus adalimumab for rheumatoid arthritis: Findings of a phase IIIb, multinational, prospective, randomized study
Authors: Weinblatt Michael E. , Schiff Michael , Valente Robert , van der Heijde Désirée , Citera Gustavo , Zhao Cathy , Maldonado Michael , Fleischmann Roy 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveThere is a need for comparative studies to provide evidence‐based treatment guidance for biologic agents in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, this study was undertaken as the first head‐to‐head comparison of subcutaneous (SC) abatacept and SC adalimumab, both administered along with background methotrexate (MTX), for the treatment of RA.MethodsPatients with active RA who were naive to treatment with biologic agents and had an inadequate response to MTX were randomly assigned to receive 125 mg SC abatacept weekly or 40 mg SC adalimumab biweekly, both given in combination with MTX, in a 2‐year study. The primary end point was treatment noninferiority, assessed according to the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement response (ACR20) at 1 year.ResultsOf the 646 patients who were randomized and treated, 86.2% receiving SC abatacept and 82% receiving SC adalimumab completed 12 months of treatment. At 1 year, 64.8% of patients in the SC abatacept group and 63.4% in the SC adalimumab group demonstrated an ACR20 response; the estimated difference between groups was 1.8% (95% confidence interval −5.6%, 9.2%), thus demonstrating the noninferiority of abatacept compared to adalimumab. All efficacy measures showed similar results and kinetics of response between treatments. The rate of radiographic nonprogression (defined as a total modified Sharp/van der Heijde score [SHS] less than or equal to the smallest detectable change) was 84.8% for SC abatacept–treated patients and 88.6% for SC adalimumab–treated patients, while the mean change from baseline in the total SHS was 0.58 and 0.38, respectively. In the SC abatacept and SC adalimumab groups, the incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs) was 10.1% and 9.1%, respectively, and the rate of serious infections was 2.2% and 2.7%, respectively. In patients treated with SC abatacept, the frequency of discontinuations due to AEs was 3.5% and discontinuations due to SAEs was 1.3%, while in patients treated with SC adalimumab, the frequencies were 6.1% and 3%, respectively. Injection site reactions occurred in 3.8% of patients receiving SC abatacept compared to 9.1% of patients receiving SC adalimumab (P = 0.006).ConclusionThe results demonstrate that SC abatacept and SC adalimumab have comparable efficacy in patients with RA, as shown by similar kinetics of response and comparable inhibition of radiographic progression over 1 year of treatment. The safety was generally similar, other than the occurrence of significantly more local injection site reactions in patients treated with SC adalimumab.
Contemporary perioperative care strategies
Authors: Adamina M , Gié O , Demartines N , Ris F 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Background
Historically, the preoperative and postoperative care of patients with gastrointestinal cancer was provided by surgeons. Contemporary perioperative care is a truly multidisciplinary endeavour with implications for cancer-specific outcomes.

Methods
A literature review was performed querying PubMed and the Cochrane Library for articles published between 1966 to 2012 on specific perioperative interventions with the potential to improve the outcomes of surgical oncology patients. Keywords used were: fast-track, enhanced recovery, accelerated rehabilitation, multimodal and perioperative care. Specific interventions included normothermia, hyperoxygenation, surgical-site infection, skin preparation, transfusion, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, thromboembolism and antibiotic prophylaxis, laparoscopy, radiotherapy, perioperative steroids and monoclonal antibodies. Included articles had to be randomized controlled trials, prospective or nationwide series, or systematic reviews/meta-analyses, published in English, French or German.

Results
Important elements of modern perioperative care that improve recovery of patients and outcomes in surgical oncology include accelerated recovery pathways, thromboembolism and antibiotic prophylaxis, hyperoxygenation, maintenance of normothermia, avoidance of blood transfusion and cautious use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, promotion of laparoscopic surgery, chlorhexidine–alcohol skin preparation and multidisciplinary meetings to determine multimodal therapy.

Conclusion
Multidisciplinary management of perioperative patient care has improved outcomes.
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous stereoselective determination of venlafaxine and its major metabolite, O‐desmethylvenlafaxine, in human plasma
Authors: Dutta Lalit , Ahmad Syed Imran , Mukherjee Subhra Kanti , Mishra Sanjeev , Khuroo Arshad , Monif Tausif 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTA sensitive, accurate and highly stereoselective assay for the simultaneous determination of venlafaxine (VEN) and its equipotent metabolite, O‐desmethyl venlafaxine (ODV), in human plasma was developed and validated. Analytes were simultaneously extracted from plasma using solid‐phase extraction and detected by tandem mass spectrometry in positive ion mode with a turbo ion spray interface. Deuterium‐labeled VEN and ODV were used as internal standards. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Chiral AGP column, using a time programmed gradient flow with a total run time of 16 min. The method has a lower limit of quantitation of 0.60 ng/mL. The assay was linear over a range 0.60–300.00 ng/mL for both the enantiomers of VEN and ODV, respectively, with coefficient of correlation > 0.99. The extraction recoveries were >77.0% on an average for all the four analytes. The analytes were found stable in plasma through three freeze (−15 °C) and thaw cycles and under storage at room temperature for 8 h, and also in mobile phase at 10 °C for 54 h. The method has shown good reproducibility, with intra‐ and inter‐day variation coefficients < 9%, for all the analytes, and has proved to be very reliable for analysis of VEN and its metabolite in clinical study samples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advances in analytical methods to study cholesterol metabolism: the determination of serum noncholesterol sterols
Authors: Andrade Isabel , Santos Lèlita , Ramos Fernando 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTCholesterol biosynthesis precursors and plant sterols are noncholesterol sterols currently used as relative surrogate markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption, respectively. Its determination in serum samples is a way of diagnosing inherited disorders and also a tool for health evaluation during lipid‐lowering lifestyle/drug therapy monitoring. This approach is the only one that can be used for large‐scale clinical trials or population based studies, but, nevertheless, there is no reference method for the quantification of noncholesterol sterols in human serum samples and only analysis by GC‐FID and GC‐MS has been reported to be completely validated. Although there has been a wider use of noncholesterol sterols for the measurement and characterization of cholesterol metabolism, there is a lack of harmonization of measurements and of standardization of the methodology, which is essential for routine measurements of diagnostic utility. New recent advances in analytical methods for the determination of serum noncholesterol sterols are highlighted, focusing on the sample preparation, separation and detection techniques, which will enhance the range of applications in clinical practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Programming in Situ Immunofluorescence Intensities through Interchangeable Reactions of Dynamic DNA Complexes
Authors: Zimak Jan , Schweller Ryan M. , Duose Dzifa Y. , Hittelman Walter N. , Diehl Michael R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe regulation of antibody reporting intensities is critical to various in situ fluorescence‐imaging analyses. Although such control is often necessary to visualize sparse molecular targets, the ability to tune marker intensities is also essential for highly multiplexed imaging strategies in which marker reporting levels must be tuned both to optimize dynamic detection ranges and to minimize crosstalk between different signals. Existing chemical amplification approaches generally lack such control. Here, we demonstrate that linear and branched DNA complexes can be designed to function as interchangeable building blocks that can be assembled into organized, fluorescence‐reporting complexes. We show that the ability to program DNA‐strand‐displacement reactions between these complexes offers new opportunities to deterministically tune the number of dyes that are coupled to individual antibodies in order both to increase and controllably balance marker reporting levels within fixed cells.
Stepwise Degradation of Trifluoromethyl Platinum(II) Compounds
Authors: Martínez‐Salvador Sonia , Forniés Juan , Martín Antonio , Menjón Babil , Usón Isabel 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe action of moisture on the homoleptic organoplatinum(II) compound [NBu4]2[Pt(CF3)4] (1) gives rise to the carbonyl derivative [NBu4][Pt(CF3)3(CO)] (2), which is itself moisture stable. However, treatment of compound 2 with HCl(aq) results in the formation of [NBu4][cis‐Pt(CF3)2Cl(CO)] (3), which undergoes degradation of an additional CF3 group by further treatment with HCl(aq) in large excess, affording [NBu4][cis‐Pt(CF3)Cl2(CO)] (4). The carbonyl derivatives 2–4 are fairly stable species, in which the CO ligand, however, can be readily extruded by reaction with trimethylamine N‐oxide (ONMe3). Thus, compound 2 reacts with ONMe3 in the presence of a number of neutral or anionic ligands affording a series of singly or doubly charged derivatives with the general formulae [NBu4][Pt(CF3)3(L)] [L=CNtBu (5), PPh3 (6), P(o‐tolyl)3 (7), tht (8; tht=tetrahydrothiophene)] and [NBu4]2[Pt(CF3)3X] [X=Cl (9), Br (10), I (11)], respectively. Compound 2 also reacts with ONMe3 and pyridin‐2‐thiol (C5H5NS) giving rise to the five‐membered metallacyclic derivative [NBu4][Pt(CF3)2(CF2NC5H4S‐κC,κS)] (12), which can be viewed as a difluorocarbene species stabilized by intramolecular base coordination. On the other hand, treatment of compound 3 with ONMe3 in the presence of C5H5NS yields the four‐membered metallacyclic compound [NBu4][Pt(CF3)2(NC5H4S‐κN,κS)] (13). The geometries of the metallacycles in compounds 12 and 13 are compared. In the absence of any additional ligand, compound 3 undergoes dimerization producing the dinuclear species [NBu4]2[{Pt(CF3)2}2(μ‐Cl)2] (14). Halide abstraction in the latter compound with AgClO4 in THF yields the solvento compound cis‐[Pt(CF3)2(thf)2] (15). The highly labile character of the THF ligands in compound 15 makes this species a convenient synthon of the “cis‐Pt(CF3)2” unit.
Energy/Hole Transfer Phenomena in Hybrid α‐Sexithiophene (α‐STH) Nanoparticle–CdTe Quantum‐Dot Nanocomposites
Authors: Bhattacharyya Santanu , Paramanik Bipattaran , Kundu Simanta , Patra Amitava 
Published: November 2012

AbstractConsiderable attention has been paid to hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites for designing new optical materials. Herein, we demonstrate the energy and hole transfer of hybrid hole‐transporting α‐sexithiophene (α‐STH) nanoparticle–CdTe quantum dot (QD) nanocomposites using steady‐state and time‐resolved spectroscopy. Absorption and photoluminescence studies confirm the loss of planarity of the α‐sexithiophene molecule due to the formation of polymer nanoparticles. Upon photoexcitation at 370 nm, a nonradiative energy transfer (73 %) occurs from the hole‐transporting α‐STH nanoparticles to the CdTe nanoparticles with a rate of energy transfer of 6.13×109 s−1. However, photoluminescence quenching of the CdTe QDs in the presence of the hole‐transporting α‐STH nanoparticles is observed at 490 nm excitation, which is due to both static‐quenching and hole‐transfer‐based dynamic‐quenching phenomena. The calculated hole‐transporting rate is 7.13×107 s−1 in the presence of 42×10−8 M α‐STH nanoparticles. Our findings suggest that the interest in α‐sexithiophene (α‐STH) nanoparticle–CdTe QD hybrid nanocomposites might grow in the coming years because of various potential applications, such as solar cells, optoelectronic devices, and so on.