bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power usage of production supercomputers and production workloads
Authors: Pakin Scott , Storlie Curtis , Lang Michael , Fields Robert E. , Romero Eloy E. , Idler Craig , Michalak Sarah , Greenberg Hugh , Loncaric Josip , Rheinheimer Randal , Grider Gary , Wendelberger Joanne 
Published: December 2013

SummaryPower is becoming an increasingly important concern for large supercomputer centers. However, to date, there have been a dearth of studies of power usage ‘in the wild’—on production supercomputers running production workloads. In this paper, we present the initial results of a project to characterize the power usage of the three Top500 supercomputers at Los Alamos National Laboratory: Cielo, Roadrunner, and Luna (#15, #19, and #47, respectively, on the June 2012 Top500 list). Power measurements taken both at the switchboard level and within the compute racks are presented and discussed. Some noteworthy results of this study are that (1) variability in power consumption differs across architectures, even when running a similar workload and (2) Los Alamos National Laboratory's scientific workload draws, on average, only 70–75% of LINPACK power and only 40–55% of nameplate power, implying that power capping may enable a substantial reduction in power and cooling infrastructure while impacting comparatively few applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application ofDNAbarcoding for identification of freshwater carnivorous fish diets: Is number of prey items dependent on size class forMicropterus salmoides?
Authors: Jo Hyunbin , Gim Jeong‐An , Jeong Kwang‐Seuk , Kim Heui‐Soo , Joo Gea‐Jae 
Published: December 2013

AbstractUnderstanding predator–prey interactions is a major challenge in ecological studies. In particular, the accurate identification of prey is a fundamental requirement in elucidating food‐web structure. This study took a molecular approach in determining the species identity of consumed prey items of a freshwater carnivorous fish (largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides), according to their size class. Thirty randomly selected gut samples were categorized into three size classes, based on the total length of the bass. Using the universal primer for the mtDNAcytochrome oxidase I (COI) region, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was performed on unidentified gut contents and then sequenced after cloning. Two gut samples were completely empty, andDNAmaterials from 27 of 28 gut samples were successfully amplified byPCR(success rate: 96.4%). Sequence database navigation yielded a total of 308 clones, containingDNAfrom 26 prey items. They comprised four phyla, including seven classes, 12 orders, and 12 families based onBLASTandBOLDdatabase searches. The results indicate that largemouth bass show selective preferences in prey item consumption as they mature. These results corroborate a hypothesis, presence of ontogenetic diet shift, derived through other methodological approaches. Despite the practical limitations inherent inDNAbarcoding analysis, high‐resolution (i.e., species level) identification was possible, and the predation patterns of predators of different sizes were identifiable. The utilization of this method is strongly recommended for determining specific predator–prey relationships in complex freshwater ecosystems.
Estimate of flood inundation and retention on wetlands using remote sensing and GIS
Authors: Chen Yun , Wang Bing , Pollino Carmel A. , Cuddy Susan M. , Merrin Linda E. , Huang Chang 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTFlood inundation and retention are key hydrological characteristics of floodplain wetlands. This study developed a methodology for regional estimates of potential floodwater retention under floodplain inundation from ecologically significant flood return periods by coupling remote sensing and geographic information system technologies with spatial hydrological modelling. The Macquarie Marshes in Australia were selected as the case study area. Time series of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer 8‐day composite imagery were related to peak flows (Ml day−1) of the 1‐in‐10 return period. Inundation extent in corresponding images was detected using the modified normalised difference water index (mNDWI). The potential maximum soil water retention was derived using a spatial hydrological modelling approach, which is driven by the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS CN) method. Soil and land cover data were collected and intersected to determine spatial distribution of CN using ArcGIS. The CN‐based retention capacity map was then integrated with an inundation extent map to delineate the spatial pattern of retention under inundation. The results have ecological implications in relation to the response of broad eco‐types in wetlands. This study has proved that the integration of remote sensing, geographic information system and spatial hydrologic modelling can be used to provide essential information as inputs to the management of environmental flows in terms of sustaining ecosystem function, biodiversity and habitat suitability. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A test of equilibrium theory and a demonstration of its practical application for predicting the morphodynamics of the Yangtze River
Authors: Huang He Qing , Deng Caiyun , Nanson Gerald C. , Fan Beilin , Liu Xiaofang , Liu Tonghuan , Ma Yuanxu 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTTaking the width/depth ratio of a river channel as an independent variable, a variational analysis of basic flow relationships shows that alluvial‐channel flow adjusts channel geometry to achieve stationary equilibrium when the condition of maximum flow efficiency (MFE) is satisfied. As a test of the veracity of MFE and to examine if this theory of self‐adjusting channel morphodynamics can be practically applied to large river systems, this study examines the degree of correspondence between theoretically determined equilibrium channel geometries and actual measurements along the middle and lower Yangtze River. Using four different forms of the Meyer‐Peter and Müller bedload relation and relations of flow continuity and resistance we show that the Meyer‐Peter and Müller bedload relation modified on the basis of MFE theory predicts channel dimensions most accurately when applied to the middle and lower Yangtze River. This provides convincing evidence supporting MFE equilibrium theory. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using a thermal tracer to estimate overland and rill flow velocities
Authors: de Lima João L. M. P. , Abrantes João R. C. B. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTFlow velocity is a basic hydraulic property of surface flows and its precise calculation is necessary for process based hydrological models, such as soil erosion and rill development models, as well as for modelling sediment and solute transport by runoff. This study presents a technique based on infrared thermography to visualize very shallow flows and allow a quantitative measurement of overland flow and rill flow velocities. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the traditional dye tracer technique with this new thermal tracer technique by injecting a combined tracer (heated dye) into shallow flowing surface water. The leading edge tracer velocities estimated by means of infrared video and by the usual real imaging video were compared. The results show that thermal tracers can be used to estimate both overland and rill flow velocities, since measurements are similar to those resulting from using dye tracers. The main advantage of using thermography was the higher visibility of the leading edge of the injected tracer compared with the real image videos. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tumor classification for early oral cancer: Re‐evaluate the current TNM classification
Authors: (Hubert) Low Tsu‐Hui , Gao Kan , Elliott Michael , Clark Jonathan R 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundWe hypothesized that incorporation of tumor thickness into the tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) system will provide better prognostic information. Tumors were reclassified as T1 if ≤5‐mm thick/≤4‐cm diameter, and T2 if >5‐mm thick/≤4‐cm diameter.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of 322 patients with T1 and T2 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) between 1987 and 2012. Univariable survival analysis was performed using the log‐rank test and multivariable analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsMultivariable analysis confirmed that tumor thickness is the most important predictor of disease‐specific survival (DSS; hazard ratio [HR], 2.7; p = .03) and overall survival (OS; HR, 2.9; p = .001). Using the current TNM classification system, there is no significant difference in survival between the T1 and T2 groups for DSS (p = .13) or OS (p = .66). The revised staging system was superior at stratifying patients according to the T classification for both DSS (p = .016) and OS (p < .001).ConclusionTumor thickness is an important prognostic indicator in early oral SCC and should be incorporated in the TNM classification system. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 223‐228, 2015
Multicentric human papillomavirus–associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Caley Andrew , Evans Mererid , Powell Ned , Paleri Vinidh , Tomkinson Alun , Urbano Teresa Guerrero , Jay Amrita , Robinson Max , Thavaraj Selvam 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to present the clinicopathological features of a series of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated head and neck second primary tumors.MethodsPatients with HPV‐associated head and neck second primary tumors from 3 centers were identified. HPV infection was evaluated using p16 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), high‐risk HPV DNA by in situ hybridization (ISH), and HPV genotyping by DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enzyme immunoassay (EIA).ResultsEleven patients were identified: 5 with synchronous and 6 with metachronous HPV‐positive second primary tumors, the latter demonstrating a mean time interval of 5 years. There were 13 second primary tumors: 11 oropharyngeal, 1 nasopharyngeal, and 1 floor of the mouth. Nine of 10 genotyped patients harbored HPV‐16, and 1 patient had HPV‐33 in 3 synchronous tumors.ConclusionHPV‐associated second primary tumors may present as synchronous and/or metachronous lesions and can arise outside the oropharynx after prolonged intervals. Further work is necessary to identify patients at risk and to elucidate the mechanisms of HPV‐associated head and neck second primary tumors. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 202‐208, 2015
SUMOylated αNAC Potentiates Transcriptional Repression by FIAT
Authors: Hekmatnejad Bahareh , Akhouayri Omar , Jafarov Toghrul , St‐Arnaud René 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThe transcriptional coregulator αNAC (Nascent polypeptide associated complex And Coregulator alpha) and the transcriptional repressor FIAT (Factor Inhibiting ATF4‐mediated Transcription) interact but the biological relevance of this interaction remains unclear. The activity of αNAC is extensively modulated by post‐translational modifications (PTMs). We identified a novel αNAC PTM through covalent attachment of the Small Ubiquitin‐like MOdifier (SUMO1). Recombinant αNAC was a SUMO1 target in in vitro SUMOylation assays and we confirmed that αNAC is conjugated to SUMO1 in cultured osteoblasts and in calvarial tissue. The amino acid sequence of αNAC contains one copy of the composite “phospho‐sumoyl switch” motif that couples sequential phosphorylation and SUMOylation. We found that αNAC is selectively SUMOylated at lysine residue 127 within the motif and that SUMOylation is enhanced when a phosphomimetic mutation is introduced at the nearby serine residue 132. SUMOylation did not alter the DNA‐binding capacity of αNAC. The S132D, hyper‐SUMOylated αNAC mutant specifically interacted with histone deacetylase‐2 (HDAC2) and enhanced the inhibitory activity of FIAT on ATF4‐mediated transcription from the Osteocalcin gene promoter. This effect required binding of SUMOylated αNAC to the target promoter. We propose that maximal transcriptional repression by FIAT requires its interaction with SUMOylated, HDAC2‐interacting αNAC. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 866–873, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genistein Modulates Proliferation and Mitochondrial Functionality in Breast Cancer Cells Depending on ERalpha/ERbeta Ratio
Authors: Pons Daniel Gabriel , Nadal‐Serrano Mercedes , Blanquer‐Rossello M. Mar , Sastre‐Serra Jorge , Oliver Jordi , Roca Pilar 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBreast cancer is the most common malignancy in women of developed countries. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genistein, a soy phytoestrogen, and 17β‐estradiol (E2) could have effects on the cell cycle and mitochondrial function and dynamics. Three human breast cancer cell lines with different estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) ratio were used: MCF‐7 (high ERα/ERβ ratio), T47D (low ERα/ERβ ratio) and MDA‐MB‐231 (ER‐negative). Cell proliferation, cell cycle, mitochondrial functionality, and mitochondrial dynamics parameters were analyzed. E2 and genistein treatment induced cell proliferation and apoptosis inhibition in MCF‐7, but not in T47D and MDA‐MB‐231. Moreover, genistein treatment produced an up‐regulation of ERβ and a rise in cytochrome c oxidase activity in T47D cells, decreasing the ATP synthase/cytochrome c oxidase ratio. Finally, genistein treatment produced a drop in mitochondrial dynamics only in MCF‐7 cells. In summary, the beneficial effects of genistein consumption depend on the ERα/ERβ ratio in breast cells. Therefore, genistein treatment produces cell cycle arrest and an improvement of mitochondrial functionality in T47D cells with a low ERα/ERβ ratio, but not in MCF‐7 (high ERα/ERβ ratio) and MDA‐MB‐231 (ER‐negative) ones. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 949–958, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conserved regulation of hoxc11 by pitx1 in Anolis lizards
Authors: Park Sungdae , Infante Carlos R. , Rivera‐Davila Laura C. , Menke Douglas B. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAnolis lizards are an emerging model system for the study of limb development and evolution, but very little is known concerning the regulatory interactions that control limb patterning differences among Anolis species or what regulatory interactions are deeply conserved between Anolis and other tetrapod groups. Here we report the establishment of an embryonic limb micromass culture system that enables functional studies of forelimb and hindlimb gene regulatory networks in Anolis. Characterization of this culture system demonstrated that embryonic forelimb and hindlimb micromasses from different Anolis species are easy to sustain in culture for weeks, and the expression of forelimb and hindlimb‐specific gene expression patterns are maintained for at least 8 days in culture. We tested the ability of this system to explore regulatory linkages between transcription factors and their putative target genes through the ectopic expression of a hindlimb‐specific transcription factor, pitx1, in forelimb micromasses. We found that pitx1 expression in forelimb cells is sufficient to strongly induce the expression of hoxc11, a gene that normally exhibits hindlimb‐restricted expression. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 322B: 156–165, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Imitation and Creativity: Beneficial Effects of Propulsion Strategies and Specificity
Authors: Mecca Jensen T. , Mumford Michael D. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPrior studies examining imitation of exemplar solutions have produced a mixed pattern of findings with some studies indicating that exemplar imitation contributes to creative problem‐solving and other studies indicating that it may inhibit creative problem‐solving. In the present effort, it is argued that the effects of exemplar imitation on creative problem‐solving depend on the strategies people use when working with exemplars. In the present study, people were asked to provide advertising campaigns in response to a marketing problem. Prior to starting work on this problem, manipulations were made in exemplar content. Imitation strategies used in problem‐solving, for example, forward incrementation, and redefinition, were assessed. It was found that imitation strategies were strongly related to the production of higher quality, more original, and more elegant advertising campaigns. Moreover, use of these strategies was facilitated when more specific information was presented in exemplar solutions. The implications of these findings for understanding the role of imitation in creative problem‐solving are discussed.
Precipitation and Erosivity in Southern Portugal: Seasonal Variability and Trends (1950–2008)
Authors: Nunes Adélia N. , Lourenço Luciano , Vieira António , Bento‐Gonçalves António 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSouthern Portugal experiences the lowest amounts of annual precipitation and the highest level of susceptibility to soil erosion, drought events and desertification phenomena in mainland Portugal. The first goal of this paper was to analyse spatial variability and trends in annual precipitation and erosivity in southern mainland Portugal for the period 1950/1951–2007/2008. The second objective was to evaluate seasonality in relation to precipitation distribution, erosivity and concentration over the same period and to evaluate and detect possible changes in the time trend for precipitation erosivity. In order to achieve these objectives, the annual and seasonal precipitation figures, corresponding to data from 90 rain gauges, were analysed and the Modified Fournier Index and Precipitation Concentration Index calculated for each station. The results obtained revealed distinct behaviour patterns for yearly precipitation, erosivity and concentration trends. Decreases in annual precipitation and erosivity figures accompanied by increases in precipitation concentration were found. Nevertheless, no generalised significant trends have been detected for these variables. In seasonal terms, there was a general trend towards an increase in amount, concentration and precipitation erosivity in autumn and summer, and a significantly reducing in winter. The increase in precipitation erosivity, particularly in the autumn, the most water‐erosive season, suggests a rising in potential soil erosion risk in southern Portugal. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selection of Tree Species and Soil Management for Simultaneous Fuelwood Production and Soil Rehabilitation in the Ethiopian Central Highlands
Authors: Tesfaye Mehari A. , Bravo‐Oviedo Andrés , Bravo Felipe , Kidane Berhane , Bekele Kassahun , Sertse Demissew 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn the Ethiopian Central Highlands, a serious soil degradation occurs while fuelwood demand is high. This study consists of an evaluation of seven tree species for fuelwood and soil restoration under three soil management options: control, manure and manure + mulch, in degraded highlands of Ethiopia. The experimental design was a split‐plot, species as the main plot and treatment as subplot, with three replicates. Survival count, height and root collar diameter growth measurements were measured annually until 48 months. Biomass production for fuelwood was inferred at the end of the experiment. Before and after the experiment, soil parameters (pH, organic carbon, N, P, K and cation exchange capacity) were measured to test changes in soil condition because of species plantation. A mixed model and repeated analysis of variance was performed. Grevillea robusta A. Cunn. ex R. Br. showed maximum survival (100%), followed by H. abyssinica (Bruce) J.F.Gmel. (93·52%); while the lowest survival rate was recorded for A. decurrens Willd. (57·41%). Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F.Gmel. and Chamaecytisus palmensis (Christ.) Hutch showed the lowest growth rates but both species showed the highest soil condition improvement. E. globulus Labill. and Acacia species presented the highest growth rates and biomass although Eucalyptus depleted soil nitrogen. Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F.Gmel. is recommended for soil rehabilitation, whereas Grevillea robusta A. Cunn. ex R. Br. can be used for simultaneous fuelwood production and soil rehabilitation. An ecological based study on E. globulus’ Labill. effects in Central Highlands is recommended before recommendation for large scale fuelwood plantations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF POLICIES TO DEAL WITH WILDFIRE RISK
Authors: Carreiras Manuela , Ferreira Antonio José Dinis , Valente Sandra , Fleskens Luuk , Gonzales‐Pelayo Óscar , Rubio José Luis , Stoof Cathelijne R. , Coelho Celeste Oliveira A. , Ferreira Carla Sofia Santos , Ritsema Coen J. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTFires are the main driver of land degradation in forest areas in Mediterranean sub‐humid regions and are likely to increase as a result of climate and other global changes. To prevent deleterious processes induced by fire, several policies and strategies have been implemented at national and regional scales. We perform a comparative study of policies and strategies of Portuguese and Spanish (Comunitat Valenciana) cases in order to assess the differences between them and identify their roles in forest fire prevention and in combating and mitigating impacts. To this end, we analyse the sustainability objectives stated in the legislation of each country to identify the strategies used to deal with forest fires and the extent to which they are integrated to achieve the sustainability objectives they pursue. The comparative analysis includes an assessment of sustainability, evaluated by the explicitness of the objectives, and identification of how the lines of action contribute to reach these objectives. We found different levels of complexity and that the adoption or rejection of some of the techniques is closely related to the tradition and the experience of local communities. This analysis highlights the importance of local characteristics and the stakeholders, involvement in designing effective strategies to reduce fire risk. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Urinary fumonisin B1 and estimated fumonisin intake in women from high‐ and low‐exposure communities in Guatemala
Authors: Torres Olga , Matute Jorge , Gelineau‐van Waes Janee , Maddox Joyce R. , Gregory Simon G. , Ashley‐Koch Allison E. , Showker Jency L. , Zitomer Nicholas C. , Voss Kenneth A. , Riley Ronald T. 
Published: December 2013

ScopeFumonisin (FB) intake can be high when maize is a dietary staple. We determined (i) urinary FB (UFB) in women consuming maize in high‐ and low‐exposure communities in Guatemala, (ii) the FB levels in maize, (iii) the relationship between UFB and FB intake, and (iv) the relative excretion of UFB1, UFB2, and UFB3.Methods and resultsUrine and maize were analyzed for FB for 1 year in three departments. Maize consumption was estimated by an interview questionnaire. Fumonisin B1, B2, and B3 (FB1, FB2 and FB3), were detected in 100% of maize samples. FB1 in maize and urine was significantly higher in Jutiapa compared to Chimaltenango or Escuintla. The FB intake paralleled UFB1 in a dose‐dependent manner but UFB1 was present in much higher levels than UFB2 or UFB3 compared to maize.ConclusionIn Jutiapa, agroecological conditions favored FB production. UFB1 mirrored the estimated FB intake. UFB1 > 0.1 ng/mL resulted in a dose‐dependent increase in the risk of exceeding FB intake of 2 μg/kg b.w./day compared to women with no detectable UFB1. More than 50% exceeded 2 μg/kg b.w./day when UFB1 was >0.5 ng/mL. UFB2 and UFB3 were rarely detected confirming that FB1 is either absorbed better or preferentially excreted in urine.