bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of deep sedation as compared to general anaesthesia in percutaneous mitral valve repair using the MitraClip® system
Authors: Rassaf Tienush , Balzer Jan , Zeus Tobias , Rammos Christos , Shayganfar Sascha , Hall Silke V. , Wagstaff Rabea , Kelm Malte 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveTo characterize the safety and efficacy of deep sedation (DS) as compared to general anaesthesia (GA) in percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) using the MitraClip® system.BackgroundPMVR with the MitraClip® system has emerged as a therapeutic alternative to surgical valve repair in high‐risk patients. The PMVR procedure is typically performed under GA. Due to their high surgical risk, avoidance of GA in many of those patients would be desirable. Methods: In an open‐label observational study 21 patients with severe mitral regurgitation were randomized to either GA or DS using propofol. Primary endpoints of this comparison were related to safety with rate of conversion from DS to GA, bleeding, aspiration, and pneumonia. Secondary endpoints were related to efficacy with procedural, in‐hospital, and mid‐term outcome at 1 month.ResultsAll clips have been implanted successfully in both groups. No conversion from DS to GA was necessary. Four patients undergoing GA suffered from upper respiratory tract infections and two from peripheral vascular complications during placement of central venous catheter for GA. Short‐ and mid‐term efficacy were comparable in both groups with a reduced hospital stay in the DS group.ConclusionPVMR in high‐risk patients performed under DS is as safe and effective as with GA, preventing complications related to GA and shortening hospital stay. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimization of the Continuous Polycondensation Process for Polyethylene Adipate
Authors: Xi Zhenhao , Chen Like , Sun Wenjun , Zhao Ling , Yuan Weikang 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA continuous polycondensation process for polyethylene adipate in a bubbling reactive distillation tower with six trays allowed achieving high conversion of carboxyl end groups within short residence times. Influences of different operating conditions including residence time, reaction temperature, pressure, etc. on reactor performance were investigated by experimental and simulation analyses. Optimal conditions for polyethylene adipate continuous polycondensation in the bubbling reactive distillation tower reactor were defined and applied to the process.
Hybrid Reverse Osmosis‐Capacitive Deionization versus Two‐Stage Reverse Osmosis: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Minhas Muhammad B. , Jande Yusufu A. C. , Kim Woo‐Seung 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReverse osmosis (RO) is a high‐pressure single‐phase desalination process used to obtain freshwater from seawater/brackish water. The RO system shows high energy consumption for a given unit volume of pure water produced. The reported hybrid system of RO and capacitive deionization (CDI) aims at improving the RO water recovery and minimizing energy consumption. The RO‐CDI system is simulated and compared with two‐stage RO, to determine the effectiveness of the new hybrid system. The energy recovery from RO brine was also studied. The specific energy consumption by two‐stage RO for two different arrangements of the energy recovery device is higher than for RO‐CDI. The hybrid RO‐CDI system is energy efficient for the production of freshwater from brackish water.
Geometric Matching Principle for Adsorption Selectivity of Ionic Liquids: A Simple Method into the Fascinating World of Shape‐Controlled Chemistry
Authors: Qi Kezhen , Qin Qing , Duan Xiaochuan , Wang Guichang , Wu Liyan , Zheng Wenjun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) possess effective functions in controlling the phase and morphology of nanomaterials. However, it is still unclear how ILs affect the morphology control and what the origin of adsorption selectivity of ILs is on different crystal facets. It is a challenge to develop a simple method to select the suitable kinds of ILs for achieving the controllable synthesis of nanomaterials with designable shape. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were combined with experiment to study the interaction mechanism between ILs and crystal facets. An important relationship is proposed, named as the geometric matching principle, in which the adsorption site of substrate should not only need to meet the space requirement for interionic stacking of ILs, but also needs to maximize the interaction between adsorbed ILs and substrate. This new finding is meaningful for prediction of the adsorption selectivity of ILs and clarification of their shape‐controlled chemistry.
Investigations of Scope and Mechanism of Nickel‐Catalyzed Transformations of Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidates to Glycosyl Trichloroacetamides and Subsequent, Atom‐Economical, One‐Step Conversion to α‐Urea‐Glycosides
Authors: McKay Matthew J. , Park Nathaniel H. , Nguyen Hien M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe development and mechanistic investigation of a highly stereoselective methodology for preparing α‐linked‐urea neo‐glycoconjugates and pseudo‐oligosaccharides is described. This two‐step procedure begins with the selective nickel‐catalyzed conversion of glycosyl trichloroacetimidates to the corresponding α‐trichloroacetamides. The α‐selective nature of the conversion is controlled with a cationic nickel(II) catalyst, [Ni(dppe)(OTf)2] (dppe=1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, OTf=triflate). Mechanistic studies have identified the coordination of the nickel catalyst with the equatorial C2‐ether functionality of the α‐glycosyl trichloroacetimidate to be paramount for achieving an α‐stereoselective transformation. A cross‐over experiment has indicated that the reaction does not proceed in an exclusively intramolecular fashion. The second step in this sequence is the direct conversion of α‐glycosyl trichloroacetamide products into the corresponding α‐urea glycosides by reacting them with a wide variety of amine nucleophiles in presence of cesium carbonate. Only α‐urea‐product formation is observed, as the reaction proceeds with complete retention of stereochemical integrity at the anomeric CN bond.
Isolable Aryl‐Substituted Silyl Radicals: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity
Authors: Taira Kanako , Ichinohe Masaaki , Sekiguchi Akira 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIsolable aryl‐substituted silyl radicals (tBu2MeSi)2(Ar)Si. (Ar=C6H5, 4‐tBuC6H4, 4‐PhC6H4, 3,5‐tBu2C6H3) were synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding iodosilane with an equimolar amount of potassium graphite (KC8) in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The crystal structure of 3,5‐tBu2C6H3 derivative, which was determined by X‐ray crystallography, showed a planar geometry around the Si atom for the radical center. EPR studies of all four radicals revealed the lack of the delocalization of the unpaired electron over the aromatic ring. Reactivity and spectroscopic studies of the less‐hindered phenyl‐substituted silyl radical showed that it exists as an equilibrium mixture of the radical and its silene‐type dimer in solution.
Metal‐Catalyzed Reductive Coupling Reactions of Organic Halides with Carbonyl‐Type Compounds
Authors: Moragas Toni , Correa Arkaitz , Martin Ruben 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMetal‐catalyzed reductive coupling reactions of aryl halides and (pseudo)halides with carbonyl‐type compounds have undergone an impressive development within the last years. These methodologies have shown to be a powerful alternate strategy, practicality aside, to the use of stoichiometric, well‐defined, and, in some cases, air‐sensitive organometallic species. In this Minireview, the recent findings in this field are summarized, with particular emphasis on the mechanistic interpretation of the results and future aspects of this area of expertise.
Fully Diastereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted, Functionalized Piperidines and Decahydroquinolines Based on Multicomponent Reactions Catalyzed by Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate
Authors: Suryavanshi Padmakar A. , Sridharan Vellaisamy , Maiti Swarupananda , Menéndez J. Carlos 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN)‐catalyzed, three‐component reaction between primary amines, β‐dicarbonyl compounds, and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes in ethanol heated to reflux, constitutes a general, one‐pot synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridines. Their reduction with sodium triacetoxyborohydride furnished piperidine derivatives bearing up to five substituents with full diastereoselectivity in a hitherto inaccessible stereochemical arrangement. The reaction proceeded with no significant loss of enantiomeric purity under mild reduction conditions that are compatible with several functional groups that are normally sensitive to reduction. Octahydroquinolin‐5‐one derivatives, which were prepared by a modified version of the initial multicomponent reaction, were not suitable substrates for the sodium triacetoxyborohydride mediated reduction, but they were transformed into the corresponding decahydroquinolines, including a precursor of the amphibian alkaloid pumiliotoxin C, by catalytic hydrogenation under a variety of conditions.
Uniaxial Movements of a Metal–Cyanide Framework Switched by Weak Interactions through Dehydration and Rehydration
Authors: Wei Bin , Shang Ran , Zhang Xi , Shao Xiu‐Dan , Yao Ye‐Feng , Wang Zhe‐Ming , Xiong Ren‐Gen , Zhang Wen 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA metal–cyanide framework undergoes a dehydration–rehydration triggered reversible single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal transformation. The resulting accordion‐like contraction–expansion corresponds to a size change along the c axis as much as 24 %. This anisotropic response arises from the cooperativity among the water molecules, K ions, and CN groups between the unique two‐dimensional bimetallic layers through weak interactions of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic (ionic) interactions. The key role of the water molecules in the dehydration–rehydration process is revealed by solid‐state 1H NMR spectroscopy and dielectric measurements.
A Novel Domino Synthesis of Quinazolinediones by Palladium‐Catalyzed Double Carbonylation
Authors: Li Haoquan , Li Wanfang , Spannenberg Anke , Baumann Wolfgang , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: June 2014

AbstractCombining commercially available bromoanilines and bromobenzonitriles in a novel double carbonylation process allows for a straightforward synthesis of isoindolo[1,2‐b]quinazoline‐10,12‐diones. At least five different CC and/or CN bonds are selectively formed in this 3‐component reaction, which likely proceeds through sequential carbonylation–cyclization–isomerisation–carbonylation steps. Notably, two molecules of CO are inserted in this highly efficient palladium‐catalyzed process.
Rolle und Bedeutung der Chemie im Terrorismus
Authors: Wöhrle Dieter 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTerrorismus richtet sich durch Terrororganisationen und auch terroristische Einzeltäter mit Gewaltaktionen als Druckmittel gegen die demokratisch etablierte Ordnung mit dem Ziel eines politischen oder religiösen Wandels. Im Vordergrund steht die auch weiterhin zunehmende Zahl von Anschlägen mit Explosivstoffen, die in diesem Artikel etwas eingehender behandelt werden. Auch Brandbomben bilden einen einfachen Zugang zu Anschlägen. Ein großes Gefahrenpotential wird durch das Ausbringen toxischer Chemikalien (chemische Kampfstoffe, Produkte aus der industriellen Produktion) gesehen. Dies betrifft auch die Freisetzung von radioaktiven Stoffen mit Hilfe von Explosivstoffen. Dann werden Möglichkeiten des Missbrauchs der Chemie zusammenfassend auch unter Berücksichtigung möglicher terroristischer Anschläge durch biologische und nukleare Waffen gegenübergestellt. Damit können wir uns in der Verantwortung für unser Fach besser in die Diskussion um den Terrorismus, Gefahren durch Anschläge und mögliche Vermeidungsstrategien einschalten.
Selective Route to 2‐Propenyl Aryls Directly from Wood by a Tandem Organosolv and Palladium‐Catalysed Transfer Hydrogenolysis
Authors: Galkin Maxim V. , Samec Joseph S. M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA tandem organosolv pulping and Pd‐catalysed transfer hydrogenolysis depolymerisation and deoxygenation has been developed. The tandem process generated 2‐methoxy‐4‐(prop‐1‐enyl)phenol in 23 % yield (92 % theoretical monomer yield) starting from pine wood and 2,6‐dimethoxy‐4‐(prop‐1‐enyl)phenol in 49 % yield (92 % theoretical monomer yield) starting from birch wood. Only endogenous hydrogen from wood was consumed, and the reaction was performed using green solvents.
Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids with Tertiary Amines: Amide Formation over Copper Catalysts through C–N Bond Cleavage
Authors: Xiong Biquan , Zhu Longzhi , Feng Xiaofeng , Lei Jian , Chen Tieqiao , Zhou Yongbo , Han Li‐Biao , Au Chak‐Tong , Yin Shuang‐Feng 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed system for the amidation of carboxylic acids with tert‐amines through C–N bond cleavage was developed. This protocol is practical and represents a simple way to produce functionalized amides from basic starting materials in moderate to good yields. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the reaction.
Qigong versus exercise therapy for chronic low back pain in adults – A randomized controlled non‐inferiority trial
Authors: Blödt S. , Pach D. , Kaster T. , Lüdtke R. , Icke K. , Reisshauer A. , Witt C.M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe value of qigong in the treatment of chronic low back pain is unclear. In a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated whether qigong is non‐inferior to exercise therapy in patients with chronic low back pain.MethodsGerman outpatients (aged 46.7 ± 10.4) with chronic low back pain [mean visual analogue scale (VAS), 53.9 ± 12.5 mm] were enrolled and randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either qigong (64 patients, 12 sessions with 1 × 90 min/week over 3 months) or exercise therapy (63 patients, 12 sessions 1 × 60 min/week). The primary outcome measure was the average pain intensity over the last 7 days on a VAS (0–100 mm, 0 = no pain, 100 = worst imaginable pain, non‐inferiority margin = 5 mm) after 3 months. Follow‐up was measured after 6 and 12 months.ResultsThe mean adjusted low back pain intensity after 3 months was 34.8 mm [95% confidence interval (CI) 29.5; 40.2] in the qigong group and 33.1 mm (95% CI 27.7; 38.4) in the exercise group. Non‐inferiority of the qigong group compared with the exercise group failed to show statistical significance (p = 0.204). In both groups, 10 patients reported suspected adverse reactions (e.g., muscle soreness, dizziness, pain) the total number was comparable in both groups (qigong n = 40, exercise n = 44).ConclusionsQigong was not proven to be non‐inferior to exercise therapy in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Its role in the prevention of chronic low back pain might be addressed in further studies.
Age‐associated changes in hippocampal‐dependent cognition in Diversity Outbred mice
Authors: Koh Ming Teng , Spiegel Amy M. , Gallagher Michela 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTEpisodic memory impairment due to aging has been linked to hippocampal dysfunction. Evidence exists for alterations in specific circuits within the hippocampal system that are closely coupled to individual differences in the presence and severity of such memory loss. Here, we used the newly developed Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse that was designed to model the genetic diversity in human populations. Young and aged DO mice were tested in a hippocampal‐dependent water maze task. Young mice showed higher proficiency and more robust memory compared to the overall performance of aged mice. A substantial number of the older mice, however, performed on par with the normative performance of the younger mice. Stereological quantification of somatostatin‐immunoreactive neurons in the dentate hilus showed that high‐performing young and unimpaired aged mice had similar numbers of somatostatin‐positive interneurons, while aged mice that were impaired in the spatial task had significantly fewer such neurons. These data in the DO model tie loss of hilar inhibitory network integrity to age‐related memory impairment, paralleling data in other rodent models. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ANI inactivation: Unconditioned anxiolytic effects of anisomycin in the ventral hippocampus
Authors: Greenberg Anastasia , Ward‐Flanagan Rachel , Dickson Clayton T. , Treit Dallas 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTAlthough hippocampal function is typically described in terms of memory, recent evidence suggests a differentiation along its dorsal/ventral axis, with dorsal regions serving memory and ventral regions serving emotion. While long‐term memory is thought to be dependent on de novo protein synthesis because it is blocked by translational inhibitors such as anisomycin (ANI), online (moment‐to‐moment) functions of the hippocampus (such as unconditioned emotional responding) should not be sensitive to such manipulations since they are unlikely to involve neuroplasticity. However, ANI has recently been shown to suppress neural activity which suggests (1) that protein synthesis is critical for neural function and (2) that paradigms using ANI are confounded by its inactivating effects. We tested this idea using a neurobehavioral assay which compared the influence of intrahippocampal infusions of ANI at dorsal and ventral sites on unconditioned emotional behavior of rats. We show that ANI infusions in ventral, but not dorsal, hippocampus produced a suppression of anxiety‐related responses in two well‐established rodent tests: the elevated plus maze and shock‐probe burying tests. These results are similar to those previously observed when ventral hippocampal activity is directly suppressed (e.g., by using sodium channel blockers). The present study offers compelling behavioral evidence for the proposal that ANI adversely affects ongoing neural function and therefore its influence is not simply limited to impairing the consolidation of long‐term memories. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epigenetic Landscape of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia—Moving Toward Personalized Medicine
Authors: Lamba Gurpreet , Zaidi Sayyed Kaleem , Luebbers Kimberly , Verschraegen Claire , Stein Gary S. , Rosmarin Alan 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic cancer that is characterized by accumulation of immature myeloid cells in the blood and bone marrow. The malignant cells in AML have reduced capacity to mature fully, and often exhibit chromosomal abnormalities, defects in cell signaling, and abnormal cell cycle control. Genetic and epigenetic changes are implicated in the onset and progression of AML. While progress has been made in using genetic and epigenetic changes as prognostic features of AML, these findings have not yet been effectively translated into novel treatment strategies. Disappointingly, rates of recurrence in AML remain high and overall survival is poor. Research strategies should focus on developing a comprehensive landscape of genetic and epigenetic changes in individual patients with AML to expand the clinicians' therapeutic armamentarium and to individualize and optimize treatment. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1669–1672, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sp1 Is Necessary for Gene Activation of Adamts17 by Estrogen
Authors: Jia Zanhui , Gao Shuping , M'Rabet Nadira , De Geyter Christian , Zhang Hong 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTAdamts17 is a member of a family of secreted metalloproteinases. In this report, we show that knockdown of Adamts17 expression induces apoptosis and inhibits breast cancer cell growth. Adamts17 expression can rapidly be induced by estrogens. siRNA knockdown of Sp1 or Myc demonstrated that Sp1 is required to induce Adamts17 gene expression in response to estrogen. Moreover, reporter assays showed that the proximal promoter and the upstream sequences were not capable of conferring estrogen responsiveness, suggesting that Sp1 elements may be located in the downstream intronic region. We further demonstrated that Sp1 and Myc binding in the proximal promoter region contributed to the Adamts17 basal expression. Furthermore, histone deacetylase (HDAC) and methylase inhibitors also induced Adamts17 expression, indicating that epigenetic alterations, such as aberrant HDAC and/or methylation are associated with dysregulated Adamts17 expression. By meta‐analysis using Oncomine microarray data, we found that higher Adamts17 expression is found in several human cancer cell subtypes, especially in breast ductal carcinoma. Moreover, we found that there is an inverse correlation between higher Adamts17 expression and patients' survival. Our study suggests that Adamts17 may support breast cancer cell growth and survival. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1829–1839, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tension Force‐Induced ATP Promotes Osteogenesis Through P2X7 Receptor in Osteoblasts
Authors: Kariya Taro , Tanabe Natsuko , Shionome Chieko , Manaka Soichiro , Kawato Takayuki , Zhao Ning , Maeno Masao , Suzuki Naoto , Shimizu Noriyoshi 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTOrthodontic tooth movement induces alveolar bone resorption and formation by mechanical stimuli. Force exerted on the traction side promotes bone formation. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is one of the key mediators that respond to bone cells by mechanical stimuli. However, the effect of tension force (TF)‐induced ATP on osteogenesis is inadequately understood. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of TF on ATP production and osteogenesis in MC3T3‐E1 cells. Cells were incubated in the presence or absence of P2X7 receptor antagonist A438079, and then stimulated with or without cyclic TF (6% or 18%) for a maximum of 24 h using Flexercell Strain Unit 3000. TF significantly increased extracellular ATP release compared to control. Six percent TF had maximum effect on ATP release compared to 18% TF and control. Six percent TF induced the expression of Runx2 and Osterix. Six percent TF also increased the expression of extracellular matrix proteins (ECMPs), ALP activity, and the calcium content in ECM. A438079 blocked the stimulatory effect of 6% TF on the expression of Runx2, Osterix and ECMPs, ALP activity, and calcium content in ECM. This study indicated that TF‐induced extracellular ATP is released in osteoblasts, suggesting that TF‐induced ATP promotes osteogenesis by autocrine action through P2X7 receptor in osteoblasts. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 12–21, 2015. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spindle Microtubule Dysfunction and Cancer Predisposition
Authors: Stumpff Jason , Ghule Prachi N. , Shimamura Akiko , Stein Janet L. , Greenblatt Marc 
Published: June 2014

AbstractChromosome segregation and spindle microtubule dynamics are strictly coordinated during cell division in order to preserve genomic integrity. Alterations in the genome that affect microtubule stability and spindle assembly during mitosis may contribute to genomic instability and cancer predisposition, but directly testing this potential link poses a significant challenge. Germ‐line mutations in tumor suppressor genes that predispose patients to cancer and alter spindle microtubule dynamics offer unique opportunities to investigate the relationship between spindle dysfunction and carcinogenesis. Mutations in two such tumor suppressors, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and Shwachman–Bodian–Diamond syndrome (SBDS), affect multifunctional proteins that have been well characterized for their roles in Wnt signaling and interphase ribosome assembly, respectively. Less understood, however, is how their shared involvement in stabilizing the microtubules that comprise the mitotic spindle contributes to cancer predisposition. Here, we briefly discuss the potential for mutations in APC and SBDS as informative tools for studying the impact of mitotic spindle dysfunction on cellular transformation. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 1881–1883, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.