bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P.49: Light‐Diffusing Films Using Two‐step UV Irradiation for Various Displays
Authors: Kusama Kentaro , Katagiri Baku , Orui Tomoo , Shoshi Satoru 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe have developed novel light‐diffusing films by forming two kinds of refractive‐index distribution structures inside a film. The depth of the non‐structural region, which appears near the surface, was controlled by the first UV irradiance. Moreover, the louver or column structures could be formed to this region by the second irradiation. This novel film has both isotropic and anisotropic diffusion property and will contribute to realize the new low power display systems.
P.52: A Colorful Holographic Display System with Enlarged Viewing Zone Using Multiplex SLMs
Authors: Jia Jia , Wang Yongtian , Liu Juan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA full‐color holographic display system with enlarged viewing zone by rotational half mirror is presented where the CGHs are divided into several areas to extend the viewing angle based on multiple intensity images with depth map. It can produce the 3D image with correct depth cue, effect of light and shadow.
P.55: A Study of Optimal Viewing Distance in an AS3D Display
Authors: Hsu Wan‐Hsuan , Huang Kuo‐Chung , Chou Yi‐Heng , Lin Lang‐chin , Lin Hoang Yan , Chen Fu‐Hao , Liao Ching‐Chiu , Chen Yi‐Han , Lee Kuen 
Published: July 2013

AbstractOptimal Viewing Distance (OVD) is a basic and important auto‐stereoscopic 3D (AS3D) display characteristic. A number of studies, especially in the 3D display design and metrology fields, have mentioned this item for a long time. Unfortunately, there have been few theoretical and empirical studies on OVD. In this paper, we study OVD based on designer's formula, and geometrical and ray tracing approaches are applied to the simulation and measured data. We find that the OVD no more exist in practical cases, and we suggest the thought OVD should be modified by designated eye position (DEP).
P.59: New Synthesis of Novel Phosphor for LED Technology: Synthesizing Sr3Y2(BO3)4:Eu2+ From Strontium Borate Precursors
Authors: Kilburn Troy B. , Way Zachary K. , Orme Patrick , Diaz Anthony L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDoping Eu2+ is challenging in some materials because of the stability of Eu3+. An alternative method for doping divalent europium was explored in the phosphor Sr3B2O6:Eu. Sr3B2O6:Eu has been synthesized with a mixture of divalent and trivalent emission. Here, samples prepared by traditional‐methods are compared to samples prepared using a SrB4O7:Eu precursor.
P.63: Low Temperature Oxide TFTs on Plastic Films for Flexible Display Applications
Authors: Lin Wei‐Ting , Sun Shuo‐Yang , Huang Wan‐Chen , Li Hung‐Wei , Cheng Chun‐Cheng , Liu Chu‐Yu , Chiang Min‐Feng 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA low temperature process flow of preparing amorphous InGaZnO (a‐IGZO) TFTs is presented. When a‐IGZO TFTs are used for flexible display, they suffer the process temperature limited due to the thermal stability of plastic films. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of most usable plastic films is under 250°C. In this work, the highest process temperature was decreased to 220°C, and a‐IGZO TFTs on plastic films showed excellent bias stress stability.
P.68: Reflective Interferometric Modulator Display with Temporal Color Modulation
Authors: Ji Zhong , Zhu Lei 
Published: July 2013

AbstractE‐paper based on the interferometric principle is gaining popularity as a result of the success of Qualcomm's Mirasol technology. We report an interferometric modulator that realizes primary colors through analog modulation by actuating the movable mirrors in suspension with designated locations and orientation. Colors can be temporally modulated and stiction problems can be avoided.
P.150L: Late‐News Poster: A Thermoformable Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Yang Ming‐Huan , Tsai Chen‐Chu , Chen Wei‐Ting , Chang Ruo‐Lan , Chin Chih‐Lung , Chen Janglin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA high aspect ratio and novel conformal display was realized and developed. The stretchable electrode and display media, deposited on an amorphous‐PET substrate were thermoformed to a specific shape by vacuum forming process. This novel conformal display has potential for smart skin, outer shell of products applications.
P.75: Temperature Dependence of Dielectric and Electro‐optical Properties of Polymer‐Stabilized Blue Phases
Authors: Lim Gihwan , Okumura Yasushi , Higuchi Hiroki , Kikuchi Hirotsugu 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe relationship between dielectric and electro‐optical properties of polymer‐stabilized blue phases (PSBPs) with different polymer concentration was investigated at low temperature. Dynamics of LC molecular rotation and local reorientation of director in PSBPs are affected differently by polymer network. Through reflection spectra, we found that the ordered structure of PSBPs suddenly decreased at low temperature, and PSBPs with lower polymer ratio and longer chiral pitch maintained the ordered structure until lower temperature.
P.98: Novel Composite Photo‐alignment Layer for Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Guo Qi , Srivastava Abhishek , Ma Ying , Pozhidaev Eugene , Chigrinov Vladimir , Kwok Hoi Sing 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA novel composite photo‐alignment layer for ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) displays is explored. The key technique is to introduce a functional liquid crystal polymer into a rewritable azo‐dye material with proper mixing. Bearing good alignment quality derived from the azo‐dye, the composite layer provides strong anchoring energy comparable to that of rubbed polyimide layers. Furthermore, by using a two‐step exposure process, the composite layer shows much better stability than that with a pure azo‐dye material.
P.155L: Late‐News Poster: Surface Monolayer Stabilized Vertically Aligned Liquid Crystals for Display Applications
Authors: Oh Su Yeon , Kim Sun Soo , Kim Jin‐Wook , Lee Seung Hee , Lee Myong‐Hoon , Kang Shin‐Woong 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe surface monolayer stabilized vertically aligned liquid crystal (VA‐LC) mode is presented for television applications. Photo‐reactive self‐assembled monolayer (PR‐SAM) is formed on inorganic oxide surfaces. The SAM layer on oxide surfaces initially induce a homeotropic alignment of nematic LCs. Subsequent polymerization of the photo‐reactive SAM under applied electric field efficiently stabilizes LC alignment and induces a stable pretilt of LC molecules for four different directions in each pixel of the fishbone‐patterned VA‐cells. As results, improved electro‐optic characteristics, such as faster grey‐to‐grey response time, lower threshold voltage and enhanced brightness, are obtained after the polymerization‐induced stabilization of the photo‐reactive SAM.
P.101: Investigation on Flexoelectric Effect in the Fringe Field Switching Mode
Authors: Jeong Il Hwa , Jang In Won , Kim Dae Hyoung , Han Ji Su , Kumar Baliyan Vijay , Lee Seung Hee , Ahn Seon Hong , Cho Sung Ho , Yi Chung 
Published: July 2013

AbstractOrientation of liquid crystal (LC) in an on state of the fringe field switching (FFS) mode has splay and bend deformation of LC director, which might cause spontaneous polarization by LC layer itself. Existence of flexoelectric effect is confirmed by observing appearance of flickering while the device is driven by ac voltage. We have tested LC mixtures having positive dielectric anisotropy and studied flexoelectric effects dependent on frequency and temperature.
P.104: 2‐Face Viewable Display Using Dye‐Doped Liquid Crystal
Authors: Chen Chao Ping , Li Hongjing , He Zhenghong , Li Xiao , Xiong Yuan , Hu Wei , Su Yikai , Jhun Chul Gyu 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe present a liquid crystal display that allows two faces of the display viewed at opposite directions to show different image/video content simultaneously. This device is characterized by a dye‐doped liquid crystal, which can eliminate the need for polarizers and offer a very low crosstalk between two separated viewing angles.
P.119: High‐Performance Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes with a Conjugated Polyelectrolyte
Authors: Yang Jungjin , Kwon Yongwon , Kwak Jeonghun , Lee Changhee 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe demonstrated red, yellow, green and blue polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) with high performances using a conjugated polyelectrolyte electron injection layer and high work function metal (Ag). PLEDs using a conjugated polyelectrolyte layer show improved performances in terms of the luminance and efficiency, as compared to the devices without this layer. Furthermore, it is providing a new possibility of all solution‐processed PLEDs with Ag electrodes.
P.127: 55 Inches 3D Short‐Throw Rear‐Projection‐System with Broadband Polarizing‐type Glasses
Authors: Chen Sheng‐Hao , Chen Yi‐Jiun , Lin Hoang Yan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn order to realizing a large‐sized glass‐type 3D display, a 55” screen 3D rear projection system is built. The number and the order of retarders used in the glasses are optimized to reduce the crosstalk and color‐shift caused by head‐rotation. The result shows that image quality is greatly improved.
P.128: Virtual Force Sensing Using Smooth Stroke Reconstruction Algorithm for Capacitive Touch Panels
Authors: Lin Chih‐Lung , Chang Yi‐Ming , Chen Hung‐Sheng , Li Chia‐Sheng , Lin Alvin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis work adopts a method to detect the force signal from z‐directional with a stylus and finger for capacitive touch panels (CTPs). To obtain the accuracy of force signal, the Kalman filter (KF) is utilized to reduce the noise of force signal. Moreover, the directional weighted method is used to achieve the smooth drawing and stroke reconstruction after processing force signal by the KF algorithm. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of drawing and stroke reconstruction with both stylus and finger.
Poloidal ULF wave observed in the plasmasphere boundary layer
Authors: Liu W. , Cao J. B. , Li X. , Sarris T. E. , Zong Q.‐G. , Hartinger M. , Takahashi K. , Zhang H. , Shi Q. Q. , Angelopoulos V. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe report on a rare ultra‐low‐frequency (ULF) wave generation event associated with the formation of a plasmasphere boundary layer (PBL), which was well observed by one of the THEMIS satellites, TH‐D, during subsequent outbound passes. On 13 September 2011, TH‐D observed a sharp plasmapause at L = 3.4. The plasmasphere started to expand and continued to be refilled on 14 September. On 15 September, a PBL was formed with two density gradients at L = 4.4 and 6.5, respectively. Within the two density gradients, strong radial magnetic field and azimuthal electric field oscillations were observed, suggesting poloidal ULF waves. Based on the phase delay between magnetic and electric field signals, as well as the comparison between the observed wave frequency and predicted harmonic eigenfrequency, we find that the observed oscillations are second harmonic poloidal waves. Further investigation shows that the observed waves are likely generated by drift‐bounce resonance with “bump‐on‐tail” plasma distributions at ~10 keV. We demonstrate that the waves are excited within the PBL where the eigenfrequency is close to the bounce frequency of these hot protons, but not outside the PBL where the eigenfrequency deviates from the bounce frequency. Finally, we suggest that cold plasma density seems to be a controlling factor for ULF wave generation as well, in addition to the bump‐on‐tail energy source, by altering eigenfrequency of the local field lines.
Comparison of two editions of Tokyo guidelines for the management of acute cholangitis
Authors: Sun Gang , Han Lu , Yang Yunsheng , Linghu Enqiang , Li Wen , Cai Fengchun , Kong Jinyan , Wang Xiangdong , Meng Jiangyun , Du Hong , Wang Hongbin , Huang Qiyang , Hyder Quratulain , Zhang Xiuli 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackground The Tokyo guidelines from 2007 (TG07) and 2013 (TG13) were compared for the management of acute cholangitis (AC).Methods We reviewed patients with clinically‐proven AC by detecting purulent biles during biliary drainage. TG07 and TG13 were compared regarding diagnosis, severity grading and prognostic values. New risk factors for 30‐day mortality were investigated.Results Definite diagnosis for 120 eligible patients was made in 104 (86.7%) and 101 (84.2%) cases by TG07 and TG13, respectively (P = 0.36), higher than 61 (50.8%) by Charcot's triad (P < 0.001). Diagnostic overlap and concordance (κ) are 90.8% (109/120) and 0.63 (P < 0.0001). Patients classified into mild and moderate grades by TG07 and TG13 differed significantly (P = 0.043). Both guidelines could not predict clinical outcomes except the needs for multi ERCP session by TG13. Intrahepatic obstruction (OR = 11.2, 95% CI: 1.55–226.9) and hypoalbuminemia (≤ 25.0 g/l; OR = 17.3, 95% CI: 3.5–313.6) were independent risk factors for 30‐day mortality in multivariate model.Conclusion Two guidelines are reproducible and reliable in AC diagnosis but different in severity grading. TG13 are more practical for immediate severity grading, enabling planning treatment upon admission. Intrahepatic obstruction is a new candidate predictor of 30‐day mortality for further assessment.
Motion sensitivity and caloric responsiveness in vestibular migraine and Meniere's disease
Authors: Sharon Jeffrey D. , Hullar Timothy E. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives/HypothesisWe examined whether scores on a motion sensitivity questionnaire (MSQ) could distinguish between vestibular migraine (VM) and Meniere's disease (MD). As a secondary goal, we examined whether scores on the MSQ correlated with results from caloric testing.Study DesignThis study administered a telephone questionnaire to subjects who met clinical criteria for vestibular migraine, Meniere's disease, and controls.MethodsA MSQ was administered to 20 subjects meeting American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO) criteria for MD, 30 subjects meeting Neuhauser criteria for both probable vestibular migraine (pVM) and definite vestibular migraine (dVM), and 22 controls.ResultsThe average score on the MSQ was 5.9 for VM, 4.25 for MD, and 0.4 for controls. Both the VM and MD scored significantly higher than the controls (P = 0.0001), but results were not statistically different from each other (P = 0.17). However, the average score for subjects with dVM was 7.1, which was significantly higher than subjects with pVM whose average score was 4.2 (P = 0.045) and higher than subjects with MD (P = 0.048). When each question of the MSQ was analyzed, motion sensitivity to riding in a car was found to be significantly different between VM (average score 1.1) and MD (average score 0.5), with P value of 0.048. Scores of MSQ did not correlate with the total eye speed (TES) on caloric testing.ConclusionsSubjects with VM and MD had elevated levels of motion sensitivity compared to controls. Subjects with VM had more motion sensitivity to riding in a car than those with MD, but their TES was not different.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 124:969–973, 2014
Current incidence of duplicate publication in otolaryngology
Authors: Cheung Veronique Wan Fook , Lam Gilbert O. A. , Wang Yun Fan , Chadha Neil K. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives/HypothesisDuplicate publication—deemed highly unethical—is the reproduction of substantial content in another article by the same authors. In 1999, Rosenthal et al. identified an 8.5% incidence of duplicate articles in two otolaryngology journals. We explored the current incidence in three otolaryngology journals in North America and Europe.Study DesignRetrospective literature review.MethodsIndex articles in 2008 in Archives of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Laryngoscope, and Clinical Otolaryngology were searched using MEDLINE. Potential duplicate publications in 2006 through 2010 were identified using the first, second, and last authors' names. Three authors independently investigated suspected duplicate publications—classifying them by degree of duplication.ResultsOf 358 index articles screened, 75 (20.9%) had 119 potential duplicates from 2006 to 2010. Full review of these 119 potential duplicates revealed a total of 40 articles with some form of redundancy (33.6% of the potential duplicates) involving 27 index articles (7.5% of 358 index articles); one (0.8%) “dual” publication (identical or nearly identical data and conclusions to the index article); three (2.5%) “suspected” dual publications (less than 50% new data and same conclusions); and 36 (30.3%) publications with “salami‐slicing” (portion of the index article data repeated) were obtained. Further analysis compared the likelihood of duplicate publication by study source and subspecialty within otolaryngology.ConclusionsThe incidence of duplicate publication has not significantly changed over 10 years. “Salami‐slicing” was a concerning practice, with no cross‐referencing in 61% of these cases. Detecting and eliminating redundant publications is a laborious task, but it is essential in upholding the journal quality and research integrity.Levels of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 124:655–658, 2014
Pig oocytes with a large perivitelline space matured in vitro show greater developmental competence after parthenogenesis and somatic cell nuclear transfer
Authors: Lee Joohyeong , You Jinyoung , Lee Geun‐Shik , Hyun Sang‐Hwan , Lee Eunsong 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to examine the developmental competence of pig oocytes in relation to the size of the perivitelline space (PVS) of oocytes matured in vitro. Immature oocytes were matured in medium 199 or porcine zygote medium (PZM)‐3 containing 108 or 61.6 mM NaCl. In vitro‐matured (IVM) oocytes were examined for intracellular glutathione (GSH) level; cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) mRNA levels; and developmental competence after parthenogenesis (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). IVM oocytes with a larger PVS had higher (P < 0.05) levels of intracellular GSH (1.00 pixels/oocyte vs. 0.57 pixels/oocyte) and blastocyst formation (54.3% vs. 37.3%) after PA than oocytes with a smaller PVS. Culturing oocytes for maturation in PZM‐3 with reduced (61.6 mM) NaCl increased (P < 0.05) the size of the PVS (6.4 µm vs. 2.8 µm) compared to control oocytes that were matured in normal PZM‐3 containing 108 mM NaCl. Moreover, oocytes with a larger PVS showed higher CDK1, PCNA, and ERK2 mRNA and intracellular GSH levels (1.6 pixels/oocyte vs. 1.2 pixels/oocyte) and increased blastocyst formation after PA (52.1% vs. 40.6%) and SCNT (31.8% vs. 18.2%) than control oocytes. Our results demonstrate that pig oocytes with a large PVS have greater developmental competence after PA and SCNT, which is attributed to improved cytoplasmic maturation based on the enhanced GSH level and transcription factor expression. Further, enlargement of the PVS by culturing in low‐NaCl medium improves the developmental competence of pig oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 80: 753–762, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Das Meer‐Ei
Authors: Schmidt‐Böcking Horst , Luther Gerhard , Lay Christoph , Bard Jochen 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDer wachsende Anteil schwankender erneuerbarer Energiequellen im Netz erfordert mehr Stromspeicherkapazität. Ausgereift sind bislang nur Pumpspeicherkraftwerke. Besonders für schwimmende Offshore‐Windparks in Meeren mit viel Wind und großer Wassertiefe könnte eine radikal neue Speichertechnologie geeignet sein: das Meeres‐Druckspeicherkraftwerk. Das Funktionsprinzip dieses auf den Meeresboden versenkten “Meer‐Eies” ähnelt dem eines Pumpspeicherkraftwerks. Es ersetzt eines der beiden Reservoirs durch den hohen Wasserdruck in der Umgebung. Die technische Machbarkeit sollen Pilotprojekte zeigen.
Die Geburt der modernen Atomtheorie
Authors: Eckert Michael 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDas Bohrsche Atommodell verdankt seine Entstehung dem von Niels Bohr verfolgten Ziel einer neuen Theorie der Materie. Mit einem auf quantisierten Kreisbahnen sich um einen Atomkern bewegenden Elektron war es Teil einer viel umfassenderen Trilogie über den Bau von Atomen und Molekülen. Sein Erfolg beschränkte sich auf die Erklärung der Spektralserien von Wasserstoff. Die quantentheoretische Begründung dieses Atommodells war fragwürdig. Dennoch gehört es zu den Marksteinen der modernen Atomtheorie, die 1925 in die Quantenmechanik mündete.
Die Münze im Würfelturm
Authors: Vollmer Michael , Möllmann Klaus‐Peter 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHinter manchem vermeintlichen Zaubertrick versteckt sich einfache Physik. Das entzieht den Tricks aber nicht ihre Faszination. Im Gegenteil. Ein gutes Beispiel ist das folgende Rätsel, das sowohl auf Kindergeburtstagen als auch auf Partys mit Erwachsenen erfolgreich eingesetzt werden kann. Hochgeschwindigkeits‐Aufnahmen ermöglichen die physikalische Analyse.
Eis – Grenzflächen zum Schlecken
Authors: Vilgis Thomas 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIm Sommer kommt an einem cremigen Eis kein Physiker vorbei. Der Blick ins Eis zeigt allerdings ein äußerst kompliziertes Gebilde aus gasförmigen, flüssigen und festen Bestandteilen, die von einer Vielzahl von Grenzflächen separiert sind. Die Balance zwischen Grenzflächenenergien und Aggregatzuständen lassen erahnen, wie komplex die Struktur eines banalen Vanilleeises tatsächlich ist.
PdPt Nanocubes: A High‐Performance Catalyst for Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane
Authors: Amali Arlin Jose , Aranishi Kengo , Uchida Takeyuki , Xu Qiang 
Published: July 2013

An effective way to improve the catalytic activity of metal‐based nanostructured materials is to control the size, shape, or composition. Here, the bimetallic PdPt nanoparticles (NPs) show significant dependency on the shape for catalytic hydrolysis of ammonia borane. The catalytic activity of PdPt cubic nanoparticles (cNPs) is found to be the best compared with the activities of spherical nanoparticles (sNPs) of Pd, Pt, and PdPt and cNPs of Pd under the same reaction conditions. The turnover frequency (50.02 min−1) of PdPt cNPs for ammonia borane hydrolysis is among the values of the most active catalysts. This high catalytic performance of PdPt cNPs encourages the approach of shape and composition control for various catalytic applications.
Single‐Cell Investigations of Silver Nanoparticle–Bacteria Interactions
Authors: Vishnupriya Sudarsan , Chaudhari Kamalesh , Jagannathan Ramya , Pradeep Thalappil 
Published: July 2013

Interaction of bacteria with citrate‐reduced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of size 25 nm ± 8.5 nm is studied using Raman spectroscopy in conjunction with plasmon resonance imaging of single bacterial cells. Distribution of isolated nanoparticles (NPs) inside Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922; E. coli) is observed by hyperspectral imaging (HSI) as a function of incubation time. Time‐dependent degradation of bacterial DNA upon incubation of AgNPs with E. coli is proven by Raman spectroscopic studies. While attachment of NPs is evident in HSI, molecular changes are evident from the surface‐enhanced Raman spectra of adsorbed DNA and its fragments. Distinct enhancement of DNA features is observed upon interaction of AgNPs and the number of such distinct features increases with incubation time, reaches a maximum, and decreases afterwards. This systematic interaction of DNA with the NPs system and its gradual chemical evolution is proven by investigating isolated plasmid DNA. A comparative Raman study with silver ions has shown that DNA features are observable only when bacteria are incubated with AgNPs. Energetics of interaction examined with microcalorimetry suggests the exothermicity of −1.547 × 1010 cal mol−1 for the NP–bacteria system. Specific interaction of AgNPs with exocyclic nitrogen present in the bases, adenine, guanine, and cytosine, leads to the changes in DNA.