bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Multi-component Sleep-Mood Group Intervention on Improving Insomnia in University Students – a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pape Laura M. , Jonker Sophie , Kivelä Liia M.M. , Straten Annemieke van , Antypa Niki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Sleep and mental health problems are very common in university students. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component sleep-mood intervention on improving sleep and mental health in university students with clinically significant insomnia symptoms, and to investigate possible mediators.
Methods: Thirty-five participants were randomized to the Sleep Mood Intervention: Live Effectively (SMILE) intervention (n= 23), or wait-list group (n= 12). SMILE is a multi-component group therapy and includes elements of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), mindfulness, and lifestyle modifications, in four weekly two-hour sessions. The primary outcome was insomnia severity. Secondary outcomes were severity of depression and anxiety, and quality of life (QoL). Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep and pre-sleep arousal were assessed as mediators.
Results:Intention-to-treat analysis showed significant time x treatment interaction on insomnia symptoms (p=.021, partial η²=.152), with significantly lower insomnia severity for SMILE compared to waitlist at post-test. No significant effects were found on depression, anxiety, and QoL. Dysfunctional beliefs mediated the effect on insomnia severity, but pre-sleep arousal did not.
Conclusions: This integrated group intervention is associated with reductions in insomnia symptoms in university students. Since no significant effects were detected on mood and QoL, future studies with larger sample size may explore the effects of this intervention on these outcomes.
Trial Registration:
Registry: Overzicht van Medisch-wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Registration number: NL-OMON46359
Date of registration: September 18th, 2018
Pelvic CT as a First-line Imaging Tool for Diagnosis of Perianal Abscess: A Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Jun , Wei Jiaqi , Wu Yujiao , Huang Weizheng , Yang Xiangdong , Li Yaling 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND Pelvic CT is a safe, accurate, economical, and effective tool for preoperative imaging diagnosis. However, the clinical value of pelvic CT in the preoperative diagnosis of perianal abscess remains to be further assessed.
METHODS In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from patients with perianal abscesses treated in our hospital's department of anorectal department from March 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023. All patients were examined by pelvic CT before the operation, and the type, location, and internal opening of the perianal abscess were recorded intraoperatively. Taking the actual results observed during the operation as the reference standard, the differences between the diagnosis results of pelvic CT and the actual results during the operation were compared, and the diagnostic value of pelvic CT before perianal abscess surgery was analyzed.
RESULTS Finally, 33 patients were included, and the actual intraoperative results were ①type of perianal abscess: 19 cases were deep abscess and 14 cases were superficial abscess.②Location of perianal abscess (lithotomy position): 7 were located in the left anterior, 2 in the right anterior, 8 in the left posterior, 4 in the right posterior, 2 in the anterior center, 8 in the posterior center, 1 in the left center, and 1 in the right center. ③The internal opening of perianal abscess: 8 were at 0-3 o'clock position (including 3 o'clock position), 20 cases were at 3-6 o'clock position (including 6 o'clock position), 4 cases were at 6-9 o'clock position (including 9 o'clock position), 1 cases were at 9-12o'clock position (including 12 o'clock position). Pelvic CT diagnostic accuracy: ①type of perianal abscess: 19 cases of deep abscess, 19 cases were consistent with the reality; for 14 cases of superficial abscess, 14 cases were consistent with the actual, and the accuracy was 100%. ②Regarding the location of the perianal abscess, 31 of the 33 cases were consistent with reality, with an accuracy of 93.94%. For the internal opening of the perianal abscess, 27 of the 33 cases were consistent with reality, with an accuracy of 81.82%.
CONCLUSIONS Pelvic CT can conveniently, quickly, and accurately determine the perianal abscess type, location, and internal opening. Compared with other imaging tools such as perianal ultrasound and MRI, pelvic CT has apparent advantages, such as being painless, fast, and economical, and is expected to become a first-line imaging tool for preoperative diagnosis of perianal abscess. We look forward to more large-sample, multicenter, high-quality clinical studies to confirm this conclusion and prepare for its entry into the guidelines for diagnosing and treating perianal abscesses.
Left Atrial Myxoma Presenting as Infective Endocarditis in a Young Woman
Authors: Masuyama Shinji , Inoue Takehiko , Ichihara Tetsuya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary myocardial tumors, accounting for one-third to one-half of all postmortem cases and approximately three-quarters of all surgically treated tumors. We present here the case of a 29-year-old young woman with no previous medical history who had an abscess infiltrating a myxoma of the left atrium that went into surgical remission. Differential diseases for left atrium masses may include thrombosis, vegetations, and tumors. These masses are at risk for left ventricular flutter and embolism. However, definitive diagnosis by imaging is difficult, especially in the presence of comorbidities, which play an important role in determining the course of treatment.
Microalgae-Based Dosimetry for Monitoring Blue Light Exposure
Authors: Habib Léa , Mounsef Jihane Rahbani , Michael-Jubeli Rime , Abboud Marie , Tfayli Ali , Lteif Roger 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Blue light therapy is increasingly used to treat various skin conditions like acne, psoriasis, and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Yet, excessive blue light exposure can also negatively impact human health by disrupting circadian rhythms, generating free radicals, and damaging skin barrier function. Quantifying personal blue light exposure is therefore essential for optimizing therapeutic efficacy while preventing side effects. However, current blue light dosimetry techniques require complex, expensive instrumentation, making routine monitoring impractical.
In this feasibility study, we explored the potential for developing a blue-light dosimeter that uses the color changes of photodegraded microalgae to measure blue light doses relevant for phototherapy. Two fiber-coupled light-emitting diodes (LEDs), one emitting at 415 nm and the other at 455 nm, were used. A Schizochlamyssp. strain of microalgae exhibited a photobleaching response upon blue light irradiation, with color changes quantitatively linked to exposure dose.
This approach enables real-time monitoring and assessment of blue light exposure in a variety of contexts, including the workplace, the home, and healthcare facilities, in a cost-effective and user-friendly way.
Physiotherapy management of rotator cuff-related shoulder pain in Germany is broadly consistent with recommended practice: An observational study
Authors: Alwins Christine , Smythe Andrew , Balzer Julia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) is a disabling cause of shoulder pain commonly encountered by physiotherapists internationally. Current clinical practice guidelines recommend conservative management (education, exercise, activity modification, analgesia) prior to consideration of imaging and interventional care (injections/surgery). Previous research from the United Kingdom, Belgium, and the Netherlands, Italy, Australia, and France show that current physiotherapy practice is broadly consistent with guideline recommendations, with some key differences in practice between nations. In contrast to these countries, primary qualification of physiotherapists in Germany is not academically based, but a three-year program of vocational training. It is unknown to what extent German physiotherapists are consistent with providing recommended management for RCRSP, and if this differs from practice shown in other countries.
The aim of this study was to investigate the adherence to recommended management for RCRSP in German physiotherapists and compare the findings to practice in other countries.
Methods: An English case vignette-based questionnaire, which had been applied in other studies, was translated, and adapted into German context. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 2022 to March 2022. Relationships between different data were analysed using a Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. A qualitative content analysis was conducted for the open-ended questions.
Results: One hundred and ninety-two German physiotherapists responded to the survey. Results showed that most physiotherapists would use exercise therapy (99,0%;190/192) and education (99,0%;190/192) as part of management of RCRSP, consistent with guideline recommendations. Non-academically trained physiotherapists were more likely to use interventions with insufficient evidence (i.e., electrotherapy, taping) (73.0%;111/152), (Pearson-Chi-square = 6.88, p = 0.011). Views on the design of specific parameters of exercise therapy (i.e., type of exercise, dosage etc.) varied widely within the cohort, but were comparable with findings from the other nations.
Conclusions: German physiotherapy management for RCRSP is broadly consistent with recommendations of current evidence, but heterogeneity exists in the specific recommendations when considering exercise type and dosage. Compared to similar international studies, German physiotherapists provided less research based clinical reasoning to their management choices and non-academically trained German physiotherapists were significantly more likely to recommend interventions with unclear or missing evidence.
Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00030955). Retrospectively registered 05 January 2023.
Maternal factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding failure: A community-based cross-sectional study in the north of Iran
Authors: Akbarian-rad Zahra , Nikbakht Hossein-Ali , Nikpour Maryam , Roudbari Jamileh Aqatabar , Zabihi Fahimeh , Dooki Mohammadreza Esmaeili 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
To improve exclusive breastfeeding, we have to resolve challenges for mothers and babies. This study aims to determine the maternal factors causing to failure in exclusive breastfeeding.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on all infants who had attended the healthcare centers for their first 6-month vaccinations, from 2019 to 2021 in xxx, xxx. Maternal factors including demographic, social, and midwifery information were collected using a checklist. Failure of exclusive breastfeeding was defined as using anything other than breast milk, such as pacifiers, bottles, sugar water, or complementary feeding for infants during the first 6 months of age. Binary Logistic analysis examined the influence of predictor variables on exclusive breastfeeding. The significance level was considered at P < 0.05.
Result
Out of the 1,400 infants at the end of the study, 413 29.5% were exclusively breastfed. Multivariate regression showed education level OR: 1.42, P = 0.003 and urban residence OR: 1.89, P < 0.001 were associated with increased discontinuation, while term pregnancy OR: 0.47, P = 0.008 served as a preventive factor. Breastfeeding education OR: 6.7, P = 0.067 and breast problems OR: 6.4, P = 0.082 had a 6-fold effect on the decrease and increase of discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding, respectively, although this relationship was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
This study showed preterm delivery, higher education and living in urban area can increase the probability of failure of exclusive breastfeeding. These findings provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and policymakers working to promote and support exclusive breastfeeding.
Photobiomodulation therapy facilitates transplantation of dental pulp stem cells for spinal cord injury
Authors: Zhang Xinran , Zhu Biao , Tang Lu , Yang Wenwen , Su Lin , Li Haotian , Zhao Ying 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been demonstrated as ﻿a therapeutic ﻿strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). However, post-traumatic response following SCI leads to activation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function, which affects the survival rate of grafted cells. Photobiomodulation therapy is noninvasive ﻿option promoting regeneration and repair in SCI. ﻿This study aimed to probe whether PBMT would regulate the survival and differentiation of transplanted DPSCs in the model of SCI.
Methods ﻿Firstly, the protective effects of PBMT were investigated in vitro using DPSCs induced by H2O2. ﻿The anti-apoptotic effect was characterized using TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, western blot and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Then, a retroviral system was applied to establish DPSCs co-expressing luciferin and green fluorescent protein (GFP) (named as Luc-GFP-DPSCs) to trace transplanted cells in vivo. ﻿The survival status of engrafted DPSCs was assessed through bioluminescence imaging (BLI) after the cell transplantation. Behavioral tests and histological staining were carried out to observe the injury recovery and immunofluorescent staining was used to clarify the differentiation of transplanted DPSCs in mice model of SCI.
Results ﻿The results revealed the protective effects of PBMT on H2O2-induced DPSCs cell death in vitro. PBMT could relieve apoptosis and oxidative stress of DPSCs. Meanwhile, the study ﻿revealed that PBMT treatment significantly promoted survival and neural differentiation of grafted DPSCs in vivo. PBMT assisting DPSCs transplantation could achieve better results in functional recovery than cellular transplantation alone.
Conclusions ﻿PBMT facilitates the potential repair and regeneration of transplanted DPSCs in SCI.
Shale Gas Resource Potential and Accumulation Model of the Middle Jurassic Yangye Formation in the Piedmont Zone of the Southwestern Margin of the Tarim Basin, Northwest China
Authors: Wumaier Amina , Wu Chao , Ao Haichao , Yang Mancang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To elucidate the shale gas resource potential and accumulation model in the complex structural zone on the piedmont of the southwestern margin of the Tarim Basin, this study conducted geological surveys, core descriptions, organic shale geochemistry, X-ray diffraction (XRD) on shale reservoirs, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the characteristics of the source rocks and reservoirs in the Middle Jurassic Yangye Formation in the southwestern Tarim Basin. This study establishes a shale gas accumulation model of the study area and identifies a favourable area for shale gas exploration. The results showed that the total organic carbon (TOC) content of the Yangye Formation source rocks ranges from 0.51%-2.68%, with an average value of 1.41%, the hydrocarbon generation potential (S1 + S2) ranges from 0.0411–4.5625 mg/g, with an average value of 1.7706 mg/g, and the chloroform bitumen “A” content ranges from 0.002%-0.177%, with an average value of 0.090%. Organic matter mainly consists of type II1 kerogen. Overrall, the Yangye Formation exhibits moderate to good mature source rocks, with estimated resources reaching 1029.51×108 m3. The porosity of the reservoirs is between 1.18% and 1.47%, the permeability is between 0.000480 and 0.001778 mD, and the brittle mineral content is 55.18%. The types of microscopic reservoir spaces are mainly primary intergranular pores and intragranular pores. The “monocline-retention” type and “syncline core type” shale gas accumulation models are developed for the study area. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct shale gas exploration in the northern monocline of the study area and the deep part of the Jurassic intermountain basin, which are areas where the oil and gas preservation conditions are good.
Portable UV-C Device to Treat High Flow of Infectious Aerosols Generated during Clinical Respiratory Care
Authors: Vincent Richard , Rapoport David , Balchandani Priti , Borrello Joseph , Schotsaert Michael , Karlicek Robert , Laghlali Gabriel , Warang Prajakta , Park Seokchan , Singh Gagandeep , Morgan Isabella , Paredes James , Rathnasinghe Raveen , Wolf Jacob , Garcia-Sastre Adolfo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Respiratory interventions including noninvasive ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure and high-flow nasal oxygen generated infectious aerosols may increase risk of airborne disease (SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus) transmission to healthcare workers. We developed/tested a prototype portable UV-C254 device to sterilize high flows of viral-contaminated air from a simulated patient source at airflow rates of up to 100 l/m. Our device consisted of a central quartz tube surrounded 6 high-output UV-C254 lamps, within a larger cylinder allowing recirculation past the UV-C254 lamps a second time before exiting the device. Testing was with nebulized A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) influenza virus. RNA extraction and qRT-PCR showed virus transited through the prototype. Turning on varying numbers of lamps controlled the dose of UVC. Viability experiments at low, medium and high (100 l/min) flows of contaminated gas were conducted with 6, 4, 2 and 1 lamp activated (single-pass and recirculation were tested). Our data show 5-log reduction in particle forming units from a single lamp (single- pass and recirculated conditions) at high and low flows. UVC dose at 100 l/m was calculated at 11.6 mJ/cm2 single pass and 104 mJ/cm2 recirculated. The protype device shows high efficacy in killing nebulized influenza virus in a high flow of contaminated air.
Olanzapine for young PEople with aNorexia nervosa (OPEN): Results of a feasibility study
Authors: Said Olena , Stringer Dominic , Filiz Ece Sengun , Mutwalli Hiba , Bektas Sevgi , Akkese Melahat Nur , Kellermann Vanessa , Ireland Katie , Tyrrell-Bunge Elizabeth , Beishon-Murley Demelza , Khor Joel W. T. , Allman Lee , Barker Joanna , Kotze Nicus , Carter Ben , Simic Mima , Sually Dilveer , Bentley Jessica , Young Allan H. , Madden Sloane , Byford Sarah , Landau Sabine , Lawrence Vanessa , Treasure Janet , Schmidt Ulrike , Nicholls Dasha , Himmerich Hubertus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Despite the availability of evidence-based treatments for anorexia nervosa (AN), remission rates are moderate, and mortality is high. Olanzapine is used for treatment-resistant AN even though the evidence is limited. Its effect on eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, its efficacy and tolerability, and its acceptability and adherence rate are unclear.Methods We assessed the feasibility of a future definitive trial on olanzapine in young people with AN in an open-label, one-armed feasibility study that aimed to include 55 patients with AN or atypical AN aged 12–24 who gained < 2 kg within at least one month of treatment as usual (TAU) during outpatient, inpatient, or day-care treatment. Time points for assessments were at baseline, 8 weeks, 16 weeks, and 6 or 12 months. We estimated the following planning parameters: Recruitment rate (number of patients who agreed to take olanzapine/number eligible), adherence rate (number adhering to treatment/number recruited) and attrition rate (number completing study assessments/number recruited). In addition, two effect size parameters were estimated: Mean change in body mass index (BMI) and mean change in ED psychopathology.Results Fifty-two people were pre-screened (June 2022 to May 2023; 10 study sites in England). 15 were ineligible (2 not approached for other reasons). Of the 35 eligible, 15 declined or did not take part for other reasons. Thus, 20 participants were recruited and started olanzapine (recruitment rate: 20/35 = 57%). 15 out of 20 (75%) continued olanzapine for ≥ 16 weeks, and 13 participants (65%) remained in the trial until follow-up (either 6 or 12 months). Participants experienced, on average, a decrease over time in their Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) Global scores (0.07 per week, N = 20) and an increase in BMI during (0.08 kg/m2 per week, N = 20) treatment with olanzapine plus TAU.Conclusions Possible reasons for the recruitment difficulties and the low adherence rate include the high clinical workload of ED services during the COVID-19 pandemic and the reluctance of patients to agree to take olanzapine under the relatively restricted conditions of a clinical study.Trial registration: International standard randomised controlled trial register number: ISRCTN80075010. Registration date: 27/04/2022.
Investigating the Influence of Exchange-correlation Effects and the Hubbard Term on the Electronic Bands of Defected Cu2o: a Dft Study
Authors: Idowu Ibrahim Ismail , Mohammed Lawal , Umar Sadiq , Uzairu Ahmad , Yusuf Bashir , Itas Yahaya Saadu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the structural and electronic properties of defected Cu2O using density functional theory (DFT) within the Quantum Espresso package, incorporating plane wave and pseudopotential methods. The analysis includes three exchange-correlation functionals: Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE), Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof revised for solids (PBEsol), and local density approximation (LDA), with and without the Hubbard term (U=8.5 eV for Cu and O). The study reveals that PBE and PBEsol underestimate the experimental lattice constant 'b' while PZ-LDA provides values closer to the experimental data. The lattice parameters for PBEsol (b = 7.6940 Å) and PZ-LDA (b = 7.7006 Å) were observed to deviate from the initial lattice parameter (b = 8.5040 Å). Bond distances, such as Cu-O and O-O, are overestimated across all functionals, with PBE yielding the highest values (Cu-O = 1.9082 Å, O-O = 3.8027 Å) compared to PZ-LDA (Cu-O = 1.9077 Å, O-O = 3.8018 Å) and PBEsol (Cu-O = 1.8652 Å, O-O = 3.7406 Å). The Cu-Cu bond distance showed a modulated pattern with LDA underestimating these values (Cu-Cu = 3.1776 Å). Bond angles in the structure also varied, with angles such as Cu5∠O11∠Cu6, Cu5∠O11∠Cu7, and Cu6∠O11∠Cu7 showing significant deviations across functionals. The inter-atomic distances at the vacant site also exhibited noticeable changes post-relaxation, particularly with PBEsol and LDA, where the distances between Cu atoms such as Cu11 to Cu21 (2.4855 Å), Cu06 to Cu16 (2.4855 Å), and Cu06 to Cu11 (2.6653 Å) differed from the initial values (3.006 Å). The inclusion of the Hubbard term notably impacted the band structure, improving the band gap values for all functionals. The Fermi energy (eV) for PBE (1.97 eV), PBEsol (1.05 eV), and LDA (1.27 eV) showed varied deviations. The study highlights the Jahn-Teller distortion effect, particularly at the Cu-Cu bond length at the oxygen vacant site, and underscores the importance of Cu 3dxz, 3dyz, and O 2s orbital hybridization in forming the defected Cu2O band gap. The research therefore, underscores the necessity of accounting for exchange-correlation effects and the Hubbard term in accurately modeling defected Cu2O, contributing to a deeper understanding of its electronic properties and guiding future doping investigations.