bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric comorbidities in 3207 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Shavit E. , Dreiher J. , Freud T. , Halevy S. , Vinker S. , Cohen A.D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease affecting skin that bears apocrine glands. Only anecdotal reports and a few small studies have demonstrated a possible association between HS and depression, but these studies were uncontrolled or were based on small sample sizes. To the best of our knowledge, the association between HS and other psychiatric disorders has never been investigated.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between HS and psychiatric disorders: depression, anxiety, psychoses, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted utilizing the database of Clalit Health Services (over 4 100 000 patients). Case patients were defined as having HS when diagnosed by a dermatologist. Control patients without HS were age and gender matched in a 2 : 1 manner. The proportions of patients with psychiatric diseases were compared between patients with and without HS. The association between HS and psychiatric diseases was assessed in multivariate models using logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe study included 3207 patients with HS and 6412 age‐ and gender‐matched controls. Depression was diagnosed in 5.9% of patients with HS vs. 3.5% of patients without HS (P < 0.001). Anxiety was diagnosed in 3.9% of patients with HS vs. 2.4% of patients without HS (P < 0.001). These associations were significant after controlling for the confounders age and gender (Depression: OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.4–2.1; Anxiety: OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3–2.1).ConclusionsHidradenitis suppurativa was associated with depression and anxiety. Dermatologists treating patients with HS should be aware of this important association.
Serum soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in alcoholics: Relation to liver disease severity, fibrogenesis, and alcohol use
Authors: Tuomi Heidi , Kultti Johanna , Danielsson Joanna , Kangastupa Päivikki , Åkerman Kari , Niemelä Onni 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground and AimHeavy alcohol consumption may lead to development of liver disease and the need for non‐invasive parameters for detecting those at risk is widely acknowledged.MethodsWe measured serum soluble urokinase‐type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels from 63 patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD), 57 heavy drinkers without apparent liver disease, and 39 controls who were either moderate drinkers or abstainers.ResultsThe highest serum suPAR concentrations were detected in patients with ALD (P < 0.001) showing high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating ALD patients from heavy drinkers without liver disease (area under curve 0.921, P < 0.001). Levels of suPAR correlated positively with serum markers of fibrogenesis (aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen and hyaluronic acid) (P < 0.001), with clinical (combined clinical and laboratory index P < 0.01) and morphological (combined morphological index P < 0.05) indices of liver disease severity and with the stage of fibrosis (P < 0.01). The suPAR concentrations were also elevated in heavy drinkers when compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe data indicate that serum suPAR concentrations are increased as a result of heavy alcohol consumption and further with development of ALD, showing a good diagnostic performance in detecting those with liver disease. The association with the histological severity of ALD and correlation with fibrosis indicates potential of serum suPAR also as a prognostic marker in ALD.
Normal values and symptom correlation of a simplified oatmeal‐based gastric emptying study in the Chinese population
Authors: Tseng Ping‐Huei , Wu Yen‐Wen , Lee Yi‐Chia , Cheng Mei‐Fang , Tzen Kai‐Yuan , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Lin Jaw‐Town , Hsieh Sung‐Tsang , Yang Wei‐Shiung , Wu Ming‐Shiang 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground and AimInstant oatmeal has been proposed as a good alternative to the standardized low‐fat egg white test meal for gastric emptying studies. We aim to establish normal values of oatmeal‐based gastric emptying scintigraphy and test its correlation with gastroparesis symptoms in the Chinese population.MethodsThis study prospectively enrolled 60 healthy volunteers, 30 functional dyspepsia and 30 diabetes patients with gastroparesis symptoms. All participants were evaluated using the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index. Each participant ingested instant oatmeal mixed with 1 mCi of 99mTc diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid, and serial imaging was immediately acquired for 3 h in the supine position using a left anterior oblique projection. Time‐activity curves were generated and quantitative parameters were determined. Normal values were established from healthy volunteers and further applied in the symptomatic patients.ResultsAll participants finished the test meal and tolerated the procedure well. All gastric emptying parameters were not significantly affected by age or gender. Values above the 95th percentile of T1/2, gastric retention at 1, 2, and 3 h (85 min, 65%, 28%, and 8%, respectively) were indicative of delayed gastric emptying. Values below the 5th percentile of gastric retention at 0.5 and 1 h (40% and 15%, respectively) were indicative of rapid gastric emptying. The lower gastric retention limit at 0.5 and 1 h were 40% and 15%, respectively. Four (13.3%) diabetes and four (13.3%) functional dyspepsia patients had delayed emptying while three diabetes patients (10%) had rapid emptying. Gastric emptying parameters correlated best with vomiting (r = 0.621) and nausea (r = 0.566) in diabetes patients.ConclusionsWe established normal values of oatmeal‐based gastric emptying scintigraphy and observed good correlation with cardinal gastroparesis symptoms in the Chinese population.
Similarities and differences in the clinical features between cardia varices and esophageal varices
Authors: Kondo Takayuki , Maruyama Hitoshi , Kiyono Soichiro , Sekimoto Tadashi , Shimada Taro , Takahashi Masanori , Okugawa Hidehiro , Kobayashi Satoshi , Yoshizumi Hiroaki , Yokosuka Osamu 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground and AimLittle is known about the clinical features of cardia varices (CV). The aim was to examine the background, bleeding risk, and post‐treatment outcomes of CV in patients with portal hypertension.MethodsThe subjects of this retrospective study were 277 patients (179 males, 98 females, 62.9 ± 11.5 years) with esophageal varices (EV). In patients with CV, there were 65 bleeders, and 95 patients received endoscopic treatment for primary or secondary prophylaxis.ResultsThere were 147 patients with CV (53.1%). The higher grade of EV (P < 0.01) and the lower grade of gastric fundal varices (FV) (P = 0.046) were significant factors for the presence of CV. Significant risk factors for bleeding were: the higher grade of EV (P < 0.01), red sign on EV (P < 0.01), lower albumin (P = 0.01), and Child‐Pugh B/C (P < 0.01) for EV and red sign on CV (P < 0.01) and use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)/aspirin (P < 0.01) for CV. All CV disappeared by sclerotherapy combined with argon plasma coagulation or band ligation, and 20 patients (21.1%) in EV and 18 patients (18.9%) in CV had recurrences during the median observation period of 19.4 months. There was no significant difference in the cumulative survival rate between non‐bleeders, bleeders from EV, and those from CV.ConclusionsThe CV were closely associated with advanced grade of EV and less‐advanced grade of FV. Further, usage of NSAIDs/aspirin and red sign were significantly related to the bleeding from CV, suggesting the need for careful management.
Clinicopathological features of patients with acute graft‐versus‐host disease of the upper digestive tract
Authors: Nomura Kosuke , Iizuka Toshiro , Kaji Daisuke , Yamamoto Hisashi , Kuribayashi Yasutaka , Kimura Ryusuke , Yamada Akihiro , Furuhata Tsukasa , Yamashita Satoshi , Kikuchi Daisuke , Matsui Akira , Mitani Toshifumi , Ogawa Osamu , Hoteya Shu , Ota Yasunori , Taniguchi Shuichi , Kaise Mitsuru 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsAcute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) occurring within 100 days post‐transplant is one of critical factors influencing prognosis in transplant recipients. Among cases of GVHD of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, GVHD rarely affects the upper GI. In this study, we retrospectively examined the frequency of upper GI GVHD and diagnostic accuracy.Patients and MethodsFrom among 868 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at our hospital between January 2005 and June 2012, 115 of whom underwent biopsy for upper GI symptoms. The endoscopic findings and histologic diagnosis from these 115 patients were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsGVHD was histologically diagnosed in 85 patients overall (9.8% of all 868 transplant recipients). Although gastric mucosal exfoliation was not commonly observed, this endoscopic finding when used as a diagnostic predictor had both a specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%. When using redness, luster, and mucosal change as predictors, specificity and PPV were relatively high, suggesting that these gastric endoscopic findings are useful in the diagnosis of upper GI GVHD. Among the duodenal endoscopic findings, erosion as a diagnostic predictor had both a high specificity and PPV. The biopsy results often lead to a diagnosis of GVHD even in cases judged to be endoscopically normal.ConclusionsAmong the gastric endoscopic findings, mucosal exfoliation, although rare, and redness, luster, and mucosal change are likely to be useful diagnostic predictors of upper GI GVHD. GVHD was frequently diagnosed in patients with endoscopically normal duodenum, suggesting that biopsies are important for definitive diagnosis.
Association Between Physician Orders for Life‐Sustaining Treatment for Scope of Treatment and In‐Hospital Death in Oregon
Authors: Fromme Erik K. , Zive Dana , Schmidt Terri A. , Cook Jennifer N. B. , Tolle Susan W. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between Physician Orders for Life‐Sustaining Treatment (POLST) for Scope of Treatment and setting of care at time of death.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingOregon in 2010 and 2011.ParticipantsPeople who died of natural causes.MeasurementsOregon death records containing cause and location of death were matched with POLST orders for people with a POLST form in the Oregon POLST registry. Logistic regression was used to measure the association between POLST orders and location of death.ResultsOf 58,000 decedents, 17,902 (30.9%) had a POLST form in the registry. Their orders for Scope of Treatment were comfort measure only, 11,836 (66.1%); limited interventions, 4,787 (26.7%); and full treatment, 1,153 (6.4%). Comfort measures only (CMO) orders advise avoiding hospitalization unless comfort cannot be achieved in the current setting; 6.4% of participants with POLST CMO orders died in the hospital, compared with 44.2% of those with orders for full treatment and 34.2% for those with no POLST form in the registry. In the logistic regression, the odds of dying in the hospital of those with an order for limited interventions was 3.97 times as great (95% CI = 3.59–4.39) as of those with a CMO order, and the odds of those with an order for full treatment was 9.66 times as great (95% CI = 8.39–11.13).ConclusionsThe association with numbers of deaths in the hospital suggests that end‐of‐life preferences of people who wish to avoid hospitalization as documented in POLST orders are honored.
OsHK3 is a crucial regulator of abscisic acid signaling involved in antioxidant defense in rice
Authors: Wen Feng , Qin Tingting , Wang Yao , Dong Wen , Zhang Aying , Tan Mingpu , Jiang Mingyi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this study, the role of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) histidine kinase OsHK3 in abscisic acid (ABA)‐induced antioxidant defense was investigated. Treatments with ABA, H2O2, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced the expression of OsHK3 in rice leaves, and H2O2 is required for ABA‐induced increase in the expression of OsHK3 under water stress. Subcellular localization analysis showed that OsHK3 is located in the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane. The transient expression analysis and the transient RNA interference test in rice protoplasts showed that OsHK3 is required for ABA‐induced upregulation in the expression of antioxidant enzymes genes and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Further analysis showed that OsHK3 functions upstream of the calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase OsDMI3 and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase OsMPK1 to regulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes in ABA signaling. Moreover, OsHK3 was also shown to regulate the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase genes, OsrbohB and OsrbohE, and the production of H2O2 in ABA signaling. Our data indicate that OsHK3 play an important role in the regulation of ABA‐induced antioxidant defense and in the feedback regulation of H2O2 production in ABA signaling.
Therapeutic inducers of the HSP70/HSP110 protect mice against traumatic brain injury
Authors: Eroglu Binnur , Kimbler Donald E. , Pang Junfeng , Choi Justin , Moskophidis Demetrius , Yanasak Nathan , Dhandapani Krishnan M. , Mivechi Nahid F. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) induces severe harm and disability in many accident victims and combat‐related activities. The heat‐shock proteins Hsp70/Hsp110 protect cells against death and ischemic damage. In this study, we used mice deficient in Hsp110 or Hsp70 to examine their potential requirement following TBI. Data indicate that loss of Hsp110 or Hsp70 increases brain injury and death of neurons. One of the mechanisms underlying the increased cell death observed in the absence of Hsp110 and Hsp70 following TBI is the increased expression of reactive oxygen species‐induced p53 target genes Pig1, Pig8, and Pig12. To examine whether drugs that increase the levels of Hsp70/Hsp110 can protect cells against TBI, we subjected mice to TBI and administered Celastrol or BGP‐15. In contrast to Hsp110‐ or Hsp70i‐deficient mice that were not protected following TBI and Celastrol treatment, there was a significant improvement of wild‐type mice following administration of these drugs during the first week following TBI. In addition, assessment of neurological injury shows significant improvement in contextual and cued fear conditioning tests and beam balance in wild‐type mice that were treated with Celastrol or BGP‐15 following TBI compared to TBI‐treated mice. These studies indicate a significant role of Hsp70/Hsp110 in neuronal survival following TBI and the beneficial effects of Hsp70/Hsp110 inducers toward reducing the pathological consequences of TBI.
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Our data indicate that loss of Hsp110 or Hsp70 in mice increases brain injury following TBI. (a) One of the mechanisms underlying the increased cell death observed in the absence of these Hsps following TBI is the increased expression of ROS‐induced p53 target genes known as Pigs. In addition, (b) using drugs (Celastrol or BGP‐15) to increase Hsp70/Hsp110 levels protect cells against TBI, suggesting the beneficial effects of Hsp70/Hsp110 inducers to reduce the pathological consequences of TBI.
Dynamics of hippocampal acetylcholine release during lithium‐pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus in rats
Authors: Hillert Markus H. , Imran Imran , Zimmermann Martina , Lau Helene , Weinfurter Stefanie , Klein Jochen 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe lithium‐pilocarpine model is a rat model of epilepsy that mimics status epilepticus in humans. Here, we report changes of acetylcholine (ACh) release in the hippocampus before, during and after status epilepticus as monitored by microdialysis in unanesthetized rats. Administration of pilocarpine (30 mg/kg s.c.) to rats pretreated with lithium chloride (127 mg/kg i.p.) caused a massive, six‐fold increase of hippocampal ACh release, paralleling the development of tonic seizures. When seizures were stopped by administration of diazepam (10 mg/kg i.p.) or ketamine (75 mg/kg i.p.), ACh levels returned to normal. Extracellular concentrations of glutamate remained unchanged during this procedure. Administration of atropine (1 mg/kg i.p.) 2 h after pilocarpine caused a further increase of ACh but did not affect seizures, whereas injection of mecamylamine (5 mg/kg i.p.) reduced ACh levels and seizures in a delayed fashion. Local infusion of tetrodotoxin, 1 μM locally) or hemicholinium (10 μM locally) strongly reduced ACh release and had delayed effects on seizures. Administration of glucose or inositol (250 mg/kg each i.p.) had no visible consequences. In parallel experiments, lithium‐pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus also enhanced striatal ACh release, and hippocampal ACh levels equally increased when status epilepticus was induced by kainate (30 mg/kg i.p.). Taken together, our results demonstrate that seizure development in status epilepticus models is accompanied by massive increases of extracellular ACh, but not glutamate, levels. Treatments that reduce seizure activity also reliably reduce extracellular ACh levels.
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Status epilepticus was induced in rats by lithium‐pilocarpine administration, and extracellular levels of acetylcholine (ACh) were measured in the hippocampus by microdialysis. Seizures caused several‐fold increases of ACh levels which were reduced to control levels when seizures were stopped by diazepam or ketamine. Further experiments confirmed that cholinergic hyperexcitation accompanies status epilepticus, even when kainate was used as inducing agent.
Severe group A streptococcal infections in a paediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Lithgow Anna , Duke Trevor , Steer Andrew , Smeesters Pierre Robert 
Published: June 2014

AimTo describe the clinical presentation, management and outcomes for children with invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infection in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU).MethodsWe reviewed the clinical and laboratory records of patients admitted to a PICU in Melbourne with invasive GAS infection from April 2010 to April 2013. Outcomes recorded included survival, organ failure, need for extracorporeal support, renal replacement therapy and prolonged neuromuscular weakness.ResultsTwelve cases of invasive GAS infection were identified. The most common clinical presentations were pneumonia (n = 5), bacteraemia with no septic focus (n = 4) and septic arthritis (n = 3). Necrotising fasciitis occurred in one patient and another patient presented with ischaemic lower limbs requiring amputation. Of the eight isolates with available emm typing results, the most common emm type was emm1 (n = 4) followed by emm4, 12 and 22. Nine patients had multi‐organ failure. Ten patients required mechanical ventilation for a median duration of 8 days. Nine patients required inotropic and/or vasopressor support and four patients extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Eleven patients survived. A prolonged period of neuromuscular weakness following the initial severe illness was common (n = 5), but most children returned to normal or near normal neurological function.ConclusionsInvasive GAS disease in children may cause severe multi‐organ failure with resultant prolonged intensive care stay and significant morbidity. However, a high rate of survival and return to normal functioning may be achieved with multi‐system intensive care support and multi‐disciplinary rehabilitation.
Enterovirus infections are associated with white matter damage in neonates
Authors: Wu Tai , Fan Xiao‐Ping , Wang Wei‐Yan , Yuan Tian‐Ming 
Published: June 2014

AimTo explore the imaging findings of neonatal infants infected with enteroviruses.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 12 patients who were diagnosed with encephalitis caused by enterovirus. Clinical presentation, cranial ultrasonography (cUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and neurodevelopment outcome of 12 cases were analysed.ResultsTwelve infants, with a gestational age of 35 to 39 weeks, presented at 36 to 41 weeks postmenstrual age with clinical symptoms of enterovirus infections. Ten of 12 neonatal infants had a fever and 4 of 12 presented with a sepsis‐like illness. cUS in one preterm infant showed periventricular echogenicity. Neonatal MRI confirmed white matter changes in 12 infants. Follow‐up of infants were 18 months. Outcome was variable with cerebral palsy in 2 infants and normal neurodevelopment outcome in 10 infants.ConclusionsEnterovirus may cause severe central nervous system infection in the neonatal period. The neuroimaging studies are informative and should be a part of care for infants with enteroviruses.
Self-Reported Indicators of Hypersexuality and Its Correlates in a Female Online Sample
Authors: Klein Verena , Rettenberger Martin , Briken Peer 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Hypersexual behavior has been a controversial and much disputed issue in the field of sexual medicine. However, only little attention has been paid to hypersexual behavior in women. Therefore, to date there is limited knowledge on the behavioral patterns of hypersexuality in women.

Aims
The purpose of the present study was to examine which sexual behavioral patterns are associated with self-reported indicators of hypersexuality in a female online sample. The second aim was to evaluate the association between hypersexuality and sexual risk behavior in women.

Methods
In total, 988 women participated in an online survey. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between sexual behavioral patterns and hypersexuality. Furthermore, correlation analyses were calculated in order to identify the relationship between sexual risk behavior and hypersexuality.

Main Outcome Measures
Indicators of hypersexual behavior were measured by the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI). In addition, current and present impersonal sexual activities were investigated. Sexual risk behavior was assessed using the Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale (SSSS).

Results
High masturbation frequency, number of sexual partners, and pornography use were associated with a higher degree of hypersexual behavior in women. Furthermore, the HBI total score was positively correlated to sexual risk behavior.

Conclusion
The results of the current study do not support the idea of previous research that hypersexual women are typically engaged in more passive forms of sexual behavior. Rather female hypersexuality seems to be more characterized by impersonal sexual activity. An association between hypersexual behavior and sexual risk behavior was identified. The implications of these findings for potential prevention strategies and therapeutic interventions are discussed.