bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the seasonal variations in access to improved water sources in Ghana: A call to action for policymakers
Authors: Achore Meshack 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Although studies have explored the link between seasonal change in water sources and health, there is limited evidence on the psycho-emotional impact of seasonal shifts in primary water sources, particularly in a country with two different ecological zones. The primary water source for each participating household was categorized by season, and overall changes in water sources and seasonality were explored using Fisher's exact test and Pearson chi-square test. Regarding seasonal changes, 90.3% of the study participants use safely managed water sources across the seasons. Only 7.4% (45) of households switched from safely managed water sources in the dry season to limited sources in the wet season. Similarly, 2% (12) of participants switched from safely managed water sources in the dry season to unimproved water sources in the wet season. The Chi-square test indicates a significant association between emotional distress and the type of water source used in the dry (χ2 = 35.6, df = 3, p = 0.00) and wet (χ2 = 37.8, df = 3, p = 0.00) seasons. Future interventions that aim to increase access to and use of safe drinking water must consider seasonality and climate change and develop infrastructure accordingly.
A comparison of intense rainfall characteristics and mechanisms between monsoon onset and retreat over the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Li Jiaxue , Wu Yanjuan , Birch Cathryn , Schwendike Juliane , Graham Ailish , Berry Gareth 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The thermodynamic and convective characteristics of the seasonal progression of the monsoon over eastern China are examined, with the aim of understanding why regional heavy rainfall events (RHREs) over the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) are more frequent and intense during the monsoon progression from mid-June to mid-July than during the retreat from mid-August to mid-September. During the monsoon progression, the southerly monsoon flow at low and mid-levels intensifies and moves northward, while the Western Pacific subtropical high shifts northeastward. These changes result in enhanced moisture advection over eastern China. The stronger southerly flow brings warmer and moist air into the YRB, leading to a higher equivalent potential temperature (θE) and favouring convection. Conversely, during the monsoon retreat, the northerly flow becomes stronger and drier, causing lower θE air over the YRB. Additionally, as the Western Pacific subtropical anticyclone retreats, easterly prevailing winds prevail over eastern China, causing reduced specific humidity. The monsoon progression period exhibits higher convective available potential energy but also higher convective inhibition, which is overcome by the presence of the monsoon front providing sufficient dynamical uplift. Understanding the severity of RHREs, particularly over the YRB, is crucial for improving forecasting capabilities and reducing societal vulnerability.
Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory–Based Detection of Adverse Drug Reaction Posts Using Korean Social Networking Services Data: Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Lee Chung-Chun , Lee Seunghee , Song Mi-Hwa , Kim Jong-Yeup , Lee Suehyun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Social networking services (SNS) closely reflect the lives of individuals in modern society and generate large amounts of data. Previous studies have extracted drug information using relevant SNS data. In particular, it is important to detect adverse drug reactions (ADRs) early using drug surveillance systems. To this end, various deep learning methods have been used to analyze data in multiple languages in addition to English.

Objective
A cautionary drug that can cause ADRs in older patients was selected, and Korean SNS data containing this drug information were collected. Based on this information, we aimed to develop a deep learning model that classifies drug ADR posts based on a recurrent neural network.

Methods
In previous studies, ketoprofen, which has a high prescription frequency and, thus, was referred to the most in posts secured from SNS data, was selected as the target drug. Blog posts, café posts, and NAVER Q&A posts from 2005 to 2020 were collected from NAVER, a portal site containing drug-related information, and natural language processing techniques were applied to analyze data written in Korean. Posts containing highly relevant drug names and ADR word pairs were filtered through association analysis, and training data were generated through manual labeling tasks. Using the training data, an embedded layer of word2vec was formed, and a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) classification model was generated. Then, we evaluated the area under the curve with other machine learning models. In addition, the entire process was further verified using the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug aceclofenac.

Results
Among the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Korean SNS posts containing information on ketoprofen and aceclofenac were secured, and the generic name lexicon, ADR lexicon, and Korean stop word lexicon were generated. In addition, to improve the accuracy of the classification model, an embedding layer was created considering the association between the drug name and the ADR word. In the ADR post classification test, ketoprofen and aceclofenac achieved 85% and 80% accuracy, respectively.

Conclusions
Here, we propose a process for developing a model for classifying ADR posts using SNS data. After analyzing drug name-ADR patterns, we filtered high-quality data by extracting posts, including known ADR words based on the analysis. Based on these data, we developed a model that classifies ADR posts. This confirmed that a model that can leverage social data to monitor ADRs automatically is feasible.
Spatiotemporal Changes and Influencing Factors of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Guangzhou, China, From 2013 to 2022: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Liu Jiaojiao , Wang Hui , Zhong Siyi , Zhang Xiao , Wu Qilin , Luo Haipeng , Luo Lei , Zhang Zhoubin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
In the past 10 years, the number of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) cases reported in Guangzhou, China, has averaged about 60,000 per year. It is necessary to conduct an in-depth analysis to understand the epidemiological pattern and related influencing factors of HFMD in this region.

Objective
This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of HFMD cases in Guangzhou from 2013 to 2022 and explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors and HFMD incidence.

Methods
The data of HFMD cases in Guangzhou come from the Infectious Disease Information Management System of the Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Spatial analysis and space-time scan statistics were used to visualize the spatiotemporal distribution of HFMD cases. Multifactor ordinary minimum regression model, geographically weighted regression, and geographically and temporally weighted regression were used to analyze the influencing factors, including population, economy, education, and medical care.

Results
From 2013 to 2022, a total of 599,353 HFMD cases were reported in Guangzhou, with an average annual incidence rate of 403.62/100,000. Children aged 5 years and younger accounted for 93.64% (561,218/599,353) of all cases. HFMD cases showed obvious bimodal distribution characteristics, with the peak period from May to July and the secondary peak period from August to October. HFMDs in Guangzhou exhibited a spatial aggregation trend, with the central urban area showing a pattern of low-low aggregation and the peripheral urban area demonstrating high-high aggregation. High-risk areas showed a dynamic trend of shifting from the west to the east of peripheral urban areas, with coverage first increasing and then decreasing. The geographically and temporally weighted regression model results indicated that population density (β=−0.016) and average annual income of employees (β=−0.007) were protective factors for HFMD incidence, while the average number of students in each primary school (β=1.416) and kindergarten (β=0.412) was a risk factor.

Conclusions
HFMD cases in Guangzhou were mainly infants and young children, and there were obvious differences in time and space. HFMD is highly prevalent in summer and autumn, and peripheral urban areas were identified as high-risk areas. Improving the economic level of peripheral urban areas and reducing the number of students in preschool education institutions are key strategies to controlling HFMD.
Exactitud de las encuestas para las elecciones de gubernaturas en México según modo de aproximación (2021-2023)
Authors: De la Peña Ricardo 
Published: August 2024

En este texto se revisa la exactitud de las estimaciones producto de encuestas publicadas en fecha próxima a las elecciones para las gubernaturas en México celebradas de 2021 a 2023 según los distintos modos de aproximación de los que actualmente se dispone.
La primera parte del ensayo se destina a la exposición de las características de los indicadores convencionalmente más usados para medir la exactitud de los estudios demoscópicos de carácter cuantitativo orientados a la medición de las preferencias electorales previas a unos comicios, así como de indicadores que pudieran ser más correctos y eficientes desde un punto de vista teórico-metodológico para la medición de fenómeno.
Una vez expuestos los estimadores tradicionales y aquellos que metodológicamente resultan ser más correctos y eficientes para medir la exactitud de las encuestas, se efectúa un cotejo entre lo previsto por los ejercicios hechos públicos en el periodo de referencia contra los resultados electorales, diferenciando los datos según el modo de aproximación empleado.
Las principales limitaciones del ejercicio es su carácter casuístico, por lo que las conclusiones a las se arriba solo pueden ser considerados como evidencia circunstancial y de ninguna manera definitiva sobre el fenómeno bajo estudio. Su originalidad, sin embargo, radica en que el cotejo de diferencias según modo de aproximación no suele ser el método usado para el análisis de la exactitud de las encuestas, a pesar de su eventual relevancia.
Esto se constata al observar que, como resultado del ejercicio de estimación de la exactitud de las encuestas, se encuentra que esta exactitud sí depende del modo de aproximación que se emplee para su realización.
Penggunaan Tepung Mocaf dalam Bahan Baku Pembuatan Gluten free Misoa
Authors: Febrianta Mario Valentio , Febrianta Febianti 
Published: August 2024

Misoa ialah sejenis mie yang berbahan dasar tepung terigu dan air garam. yang memiliki tekstur sangat halus, mudah patah dan bewarna putih, akan tetapi jika di masak akan memiliki tekstur yang lembut dan kenyal. Tujuan dilakukanya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Kualitas dari gluten free misoa dengan mengunakan tepung mocaf sebagai bahan bakunya, Mocaf (Modified Cassava Flour) ialah olahan tepung yang berbahan dasar singkong atau yang lebih dikenal dengan ubi kayu. gluten free misoa hasil eksperimen ini akan di uji organoleptik dari segi rasa, warna, aroma dan tekstur untuk mengetahui kualitas gluten free misoa berbahan tepung mocaf, Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah kuisioner yang akan di isi oleh 20 panelis, Selanjutnya juga akan perhitungan sederhana untuk mengetahui biaya produkri dari gluten free misoa berbahan dasar tepung mocaf. Penelitian dilakukan di dapur tempat tinggal penulis di bali yang Beralamat di Jalan Gunung Salak Utara, Komplek Percot, No 1.

Misoa is a type of noodle made from wheat flour and salt water. which has a very smooth texture, breaks easily and is white in color, but if it is cooked it will have a soft and chewy texture. The purpose of this research was to determine the quality of gluten free misoa using mocaf flour as a raw material, Mocaf (Modified Cassava Flour) is a processed flour made from cassava or better known as cassava. gluten free misoa results of this experiment will be tested organoleptic in terms of taste, color, aroma and texture to determine the quality of gluten free misoa made from mocaf flour. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire which will be filled in by 20 panelists. knowing the production cost of gluten free misoa made from mocaf flour. The research was conducted in the kitchen where the author lives in Bali which is located at Jalan Gunung Salak Utara, Percot Complex, No. 1.
PENERAPAN LATIHAN PERNAPASAN TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN SANGKAR TORAKS PADA PEROKOK KONVENSIONAL AKTIF
Authors: Kusuma I Komang Pramana Darma , Permadi Agung Wahyu , Parwata I Made Yoga 
Published: August 2024

Perilaku merokok merupakan salah satu penyebab masalah kesehatan masyarakat karena dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit. Salah satu dampak dari aktivitas merokok terhadap kesehatan yaitu dapat menyebabkan gangguan pernapasan yang berpengaruh pada penurunan sangkar toraks sehingga aktivitas menjadi terganggu. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian latihan kombinasi pursed lip breathing dan maximal inspiratory exercise terhadap pengembangan sangkar toraks pada perokok konvensional aktif. Metode yang digunakan yaitu One groups pre-test and post-test design. Hasil analisis data penelitian pada uji normalitas yang menggunakan Shapiro Wilk Test pada kelompok kombinasi, untuk hasil pre-test sebesar 0,144 dan post-test sebesar 0,482 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa data berdistribusi normal. Uji Hipotesis menggunakan uji paired sample t-test dengan hasil sig sebesar 0,000 yang berarti p < 0,05 sehingga terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada kelompok sampel setelah diberikan latihan kombinasi pursed lip breathing dan maximal inspiratory exercise., kesimpulan yang dapat diambil yaitu terdapat peningkatan pada pengembangan sangkar toraks setelah diberikannya latihan pernapasan kombinasi pursed lip breathing dan maximal inspiratory exercise terhadap perokok konvensional aktif.
ASCORBIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION FOR ADJUNCTIVE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: REVIEW OF LABORATORY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL TRIALS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rakasiwi Muhammad Ilham Dhiya , Taufik Muhammad , Aristyo Kevin , Wandawa Azlina D , Burhan Erlina , Kurniawan Gerry , Ferian Muhammad Farel 
Published: August 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly lethal global disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which has affected approximately a quarter of the world's population. Ascorbic acid is acknowledged for its strong antioxidant properties, its ability to modulate the immune system, and its effectiveness against Mtb infections. Method: Literature search based on specific keywords following the PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) research question was carried out on Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, as well as Garuda for clinical research in Indonesia. The flow of the literature search followed PRISMA and risk of bias analysis using the Rob2 tool. Discussion: Laboratory studies have shown that ascorbic acid, whether given by itself or in conjunction with standard anti-TB medications, can decrease the quantity of Mtb colony-forming units (CFU). Similar outcomes were witnessed in experiments conducted with mice. The administration of ascorbic acid to mice infected with Mtb also led to a reduction in lung tissue damage. Clinical trials carried out in Indonesia demonstrated that the addition of ascorbic acid resulted in a greater sputum conversion rate in comparison to patients who did not receive this supplementation. Conclusion: Ascorbic acid exhibits several clinical attributes that prove beneficial in the management of TB.
Using Artificial Intelligence in ESG Assurance
Authors: Li Nichole , Kim Meehyun , Dai Jun , Vasarhelyi Miklos A. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
As environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting has become a mainstream channel for companies to communicate their commitment to sustainability issues, the need for reliable and transparent ESG reports is increasing. However, research on ESG assurance is still in its early stages. ESG assurance poses more challenges than traditional financial auditing due to the diverse subjects and types of information in ESG reports. This paper proposes using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and exogenous data as solutions. It discusses how AI can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of ESG assurance by assessing vast and extensive data. This paper also explores AI’s application throughout the general ESG assurance process and contributes to the discussion on providing high-quality ESG assurance services. Additionally, it provides practical implications for auditors, regulators, and stakeholders.
Improving Functional Status of Older Adults Through Health Literacy Media: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tandilangi Trisnawati Paulus , Rekawati Etty , Eriska Winda 
Published: August 2024

Older age can be followed by an aging process that shows a decrease in physical function due to various degenerative problems that reduce immunity caused the older adults vulnerable to infectious diseases. Health literacy can improve the physical function of the older adults in using self management agents, social support, access to health services and increasing the quality of life of older adults. The aim of this paper is to obtain the existence evidence of health literacy impact in improving older adults health status and functional or physical well-being living in community-setting and clinical setting. This paper used some databases Proquest database, PubMed, Sage Journal, Scopus, Ebscohost, Science Direct, anf Taylor & Francis. There are 11 articles published between 2014 - 2024 were reviewed using the PRISMA method. This review found that there are different types of health literacy media (print and digital) and there are combination of health literacy with physical activity interventions to deliver health information to older people. Standardized health literacy media in readability, and easy to use such as video/web/electronic, game-based, digital, and mobile-based and health literacy interventions combined with planned physical activities can increase knowledge, self-efficacy, cognitive function, quality of life, and reducing frailty score, fall risk, depression score.
APLIKASI ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE DAN JENIS PUPUK BERBEDA PADA KONDISI CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN TERHADAP MORFOLOGI DAN EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN AIR PADA RUMPUT PAKCHONG
Authors: Susanti Wulan , Liman Liman , Muhtarudin Muhtarudin , Erwanto Erwanto 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian level mikoriza dan jenis pupuk yang berbeda pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan serta interaksi antara keduanya terhadap morfologi dan efisiensi penggunaan air rumput pakchong. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada November 2022-Januari 2023, dilakukan di Rumah kaca Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial yang terdiri atas faktor mikoriza dan faktor pupuk. Faktor mikoriza terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan yaitu M0 (tanpa mikoriza), M1 (mikoriza 20 gram), M2 (mikoriza 40 gram), M3 (mikoriza 60 gram) dan faktor pupuk terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu P1 (pupuk kambing), P2 (pupuk NPK), P3 (pupuk NPK + pupuk kambing). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Sidik Ragam (Analysis of Variance) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian pemberian mikoriza dan jenis pupuk tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap morfologi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, rasio daun batang, luas permukaan daun dan efisiensi penggunaan air rumput pakchong serta tidak ada pengaruh antara kedua perlakuan. Pemberian mikoriza dan jenis pupuk berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap bobot akar rumput pakchong, akan tetapi tidak ada interaksi antara kedua perlakuan. Hasil uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada bobot segar akar rumput pakchong menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan mikoriza M0 tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan M1 dan M3, perlakuan mikoriza M2 tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan M1 dan M3, dan perlakuan M0 berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan M2. Hasil uji BNT bobot segar akar rumput pakchong pada perlakuan pupuk menujukkan bahwa perlakuan P1 berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan P2 dan P3.
Pengaruh Siklus Basah Kering terhadap Perilaku Mekanik Tanah Lempung Stabilisasi Biosementasi dengan Bakteri Bacillus Subtilis
Authors: Indriani Andi Marini , Utomo Gunaedy , Syahputra M Ryan 
Published: August 2024

Tanah lempung mempunyai daya dukung sangat kecil sehingga banyak menjadi masalah pada pekerjaan di bidang Teknik Sipil terutama pada negara dengan 2 musim seperti Indonesia. Siklus basah kering akibat perubahan musim ini tentu akan menyebabkan perubahan pada daya dukung tanah. Pada musin panas biasanya daya dukung cukup tinggi tetapi dimusim hujan daya dukung akan sangat rendah. Perkembangan metode stabilisasi tanah semakin baik dengan munculnya beberapa ide inovatif salah satunya dengan metode stabilisasi menggunakan mikroorganisme yang dikenal dengan istilah biosementasi. Tetapi metode ini harus terus dikaji terutama pengaruh siklus basah kering terhadap perubahan nilai CBRsoaked tanah lempung. Salah stu jenis mikroorganisme yang mampu menghasilkan CaCO3 yang dapat meningkatkan daya dukung tanah adalah bakteri Bacillus Subtilis. Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode curing yang berbeda dimana tanah diperam selama 14 hari dengan metode soaked yaitu dikeringkan selama 10 hari dan direndam selama 4 hari, Metode 1 Siklus A dengan cara di rendam selama 6 hari kemudian dikeringkan selama 8 hari dan metode 1 siklus B di keringkan selama 6 hari lalu dilakukan perendaman selama 6 hari dan dikeringkan selama 2 hari baru di uji untuk mengetahui perubahan sifat mekanis tanah California Bearing Ratio (CBR) dengan variasi campuran bakteri umur kultur 1 hari sebanyak 3%, 4.5% dan 6%. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan metode Soaked lebih baik dibandingkan metode 1 Siklus A dan B. Terjadi peningkatan nilai CBR dibandingkan dengan tanah asli dimana dengan metode Soaked meningkat hingga 5 kali lipat, metode 1 Siklus A sebersar 89% sedangkan metode 1 Siklus B hanya meningkat 15%.
Penilaian Risiko Proyek Infrastruktur Kereta Api Cepat Jakarta – Bandung
Authors: Ashadi Reza Ferial , Citra Zel , Sari Intan Purnama 
Published: August 2024

Masa depan adalah hal yang tidak pasti tapi risiko adalah suatu keniscayaan yang pasti terdapat dalam setiap proyek. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan suatu pengelolaan risiko untuk meminimalisisr dampak negatif yang mungkin terjadi yang menimbulkan kerugian dalam proyek tersebut. Seni mengelola risiko adalah tujuan dari manajemen risiko yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai suatu risiko, sehingga dapat mengidentifikasi, menganalisis, serta mengevaluasi risiko yang dapat terjadi pada suatu proyek konstruksi, seperti pada proyek infrastruktur. Proyek Kereta Api Cepat Jakarta Bandung adalah suatu mega proyek infrastruktur yang pengerjaannya dilakukan secara bersama oleh Indonesia dan China ditenggarai mempunyai risiko yang sangat tinggi sehingga diperlukan suatu pengelolaan risiko yang tepat untuk meminimalisisr dampak negatifnya. Dalam penelitian ini diambil studi kasus proyek tersebut pada Seksi II yaitu dari Karawang-Purwakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah HIRADC yang dikombinasikan dengan metode Severity Index untuk analisis risikonya. Penelitian ini dibatasi hanya dari sudut pandang kontraktor. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 30 jenis risiko yang bisa diklasifikasi kedalam 9 kategori pada tahap konstruksi. Dari 30 jenis risiko tersebut, berdasarkan hasil analisis terdapat 3 jenis risiko tinggi yaitu keterlambatan pembayaran oleh pemilik proyek, kesulitan akses menuju lokasi proyek, dan ketidakpastian kondisi di lapangan.