bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of rabbit carotid aneurysms by hybrid stents (microporous thin polyurethane-covered stents): Preservation of side-branches
Authors: Nishi Shogo , Nakayama Yasuhide , Ishibashi-Ueda Hatsue , Yoshida Masato , Yonetani Hiroshi 
Published: July 2013

Objective We sought to determine the patency of normal arterial branches from the covered segments of an artery after stenting. Background Most intracranial aneurysms occur at arterial branching points (bifurcations, side-branches, or perforators). The post-stenting patency of normal arterial branches from the covered segments of the artery is important. We have previously developed a hybrid stent with micropores to prevent early parent artery occlusion by more early endothelialization, and mid- to long-term parent artery stenosis by control of intimal hyperplasia after aneurysm occlusion. Methods We created aneurysms in 10 rabbits by distal ligation and intraluminal incubation of elastase within an endovascularly trapped proximal segment of the common carotid artery. All animals were treated with hybrid stents having micropores. Four animals were observed for one month and three each for three and 12 months. The patency of the side-branches of the subclavian artery was evaluated angiographically and in some cases, histologically. Results Aneurysms were completely occluded at all time points other than 12 months. The subclavian artery and brachiocephalic artery were patent, without significant stenosis. All the side-branches of the subclavian artery detected on the preoperative angiogram remained patent at the final assessment. Conclusion The use of hybrid stents for aneurysm repair and side-branch patency seems to be effective, as per the long-term results obtained in an animal model.
Effects of rituximab-based B-cell depletion therapy on skin manifestations of lupus erythematosus – report of 17 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Hofmann SC , Leandro MJ , Morris SD , Isenberg DA 
Published: July 2013

Cutaneous manifestations occur frequently in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are pathognomonic in subacute-cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) and chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE). Although B-cell depletion therapy (BCDT) has demonstrated efficacy in SLE with visceral involvement, its usefulness for patients with predominant skin manifestations has not been fully established. In this single-centre, retrospective study 14 consecutive SLE, one CCLE and two SCLE patients with recalcitrant skin involvement were treated with 2 × rituximab 1 g, and 1 × cyclophosphamide 750 mg. Six months after BCDT, nine of 17 (53%) patients were in complete (CR) or partial remission (PR). Relapses occurred in 12 patients (71%) at a mean time of 10 ± 1.8 months after BCDT. A second cycle of BCDT achieved a more sustained remission in seven of nine patients (78%) lasting for a mean time of 18.4 ± 2.7 months. Minor adverse events were experienced by three patients. Mean follow-up was 30 months. Our own results and the literature review demonstrate that BCDT based on rituximab is well tolerated and may be effective for cutaneous lesions of lupus erythematosus. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to further evaluate the value of BCDT for this group of patients.
Comparison of deep gray matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging among adults with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, and neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wu Aimin , Zhang Bingjun , Chen Suqin , Men Xuejiao , Lin Yinyao , Lu Zhengqi 
Published: July 2013

Background: Deep gray matter lesions have been reported in patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), multiple sclerosis (MS), and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the features of deep gray matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among adult patients with ADEM, MS, and NMO. Methods: Ninety-five adult patients with ADEM ( n=12), MS ( n=60), and NMO ( n=23) who had deep gray matter lesions on MRI were enrolled. Morphological features of deep gray matter lesions among these patients were assessed. Results: Putamen involvement was more common in patients with ADEM than in patients with MS and NMO. Differing from children, thalamus involvement might not be helpful in differentiating ADEM from MS in adults. Hypothalamus involvement was more common in patients with NMO than in patients with ADEM and MS. More importantly, bilateral hypothalamus involvement was more helpful in differentiating NMO from MS. The diameter of the thalamus lesions in patients with ADEM was larger than that in patients with NMO. Conclusions: Morphological features of deep gray matter lesions vary among adult patients with ADEM, MS, and NMO, and may be helpful in distinguishing these diseases.
Treatment of complex neurovascular lesions: an interdisciplinary angio suite approach
Authors: Dammann Philipp , Breyer Tobias , Wrede Karsten H. , Stein Klaus-Peter , Wanke Isabel , Grams Astrid E. , Gizewski Elke R. , Schlamann Marc , Forsting Michael , Sandalcioglu I. Erol , Sure Ulrich 
Published: July 2013

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse our initial experience using an interdisciplinary angio suite approach to neurosurgical treatment of complex neurovascular lesions and expound technical feasibility and possible applications. Subjects: Six out of 451 patients with cranial or spinal neurovascular lesions were surgically treated in the angio suite (biplane angiographic system) during a 28-month observation period. Clinical baseline data, radiological and intraoperative findings as well as clinical and radiological outcome were assessed. Results: A ventral spinal perimedullary arteriovenous malformation, a ventral spinal perimedullary fistula, two diffuse frontal dural arteriovenous fistulas, a multifocal temporal arteriovenous malformation and a partially embolized fronto-temporo-basal dural arteriovenous fistula were successfully treated with angiographically confirmed complete occlusion and unimpaired neurological condition of the patients at the 12-month follow up. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of this approach and points out possible indications, namely ventrally located spinal lesions and diffuse, deep seated cranial lesions.
Comparison of the effects of Sertindole and Olanzapine on Cognition (SEROLA): a double-blind randomized 12-week study of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia
Authors: Ernst Nielsen René , Odur Florence , Østergaard Torben , Munk-Jørgensen Povl , Nielsen Jimmi 
Published: July 2013

Objective: To assess the cognitive effects of sertindole and olanzapine in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Cognition was the primary outcome of the study. Method: This was a 12-week double-blinded randomized clinical controlled trial. Participants were randomized to either 16–24 mg of sertindole or 10–20 mg of olanzapine. Results: The study had a low recruitment rate ( N = 9) and was terminated before the expected number of patients was reached. No significant differences between groups were found at study end on any of the 32 cognitive subtests. A simple sign test did not show any of the comparator drugs trending towards being superior on the majority of tests. Mean change on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total and PANSS subscales from baseline to end of study were not significantly different between treatment groups. Similar results on cognition and PANSS was seen on completers and last observation carried forward analysis. Conclusion: In this study we did not find any significant differences between sertindole or olanzapine on PANSS subscales or neurocognitive tests in a population consisting of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Pain, Sleep Disturbances, and Functional Limitations in People Living with HIV/AIDS-Associated Distal Sensory Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Sandoval Roberto , Roddey Toni , Giordano Thomas P. , Mitchell Katy , Kelley Carolyn 
Published: July 2013

Background: Pain, sleep, and functional disturbances are a common occurrence in people living with HIV/AIDS-related distal sensory peripheral neuropathy (PLWHA-DSPN) yet lack group classification and quantification. Methods: A total of 46 PLWHA-DSPN were recruited, as part of a 2-group intervention study, to complete the Neuropathic Pain Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires. The participant’s performance during a forward reach task and walking distance in 6 minutes was recorded as a measure of function. Results: The pain (60.77 ± 17.85) and sleep (14.62 ± 4.28) scores denote marked pain and sleep disturbances, compared to sero-negative, age-matched individuals. The ambulation distance was limited (243.99 ± 141.04 m) and inversely associated with the PSQI-sleep efficiency subscale ( rs = −.35, P < .05). The average reaching distances measured (36.07 ± 7.37 cm) were similar to sero-negative, age-matched individuals. Pain, sleep, and functional measures exhibited significant associations. Conclusions: The data collected suggest that PLWHA-DSPN report moderate-to-severe pain and significant sleep disturbances and exhibit limited ambulation distances.
Gait Asymmetries Persist 1 Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: White Kathleen , Logerstedt David , Snyder-Mackler Lynn 
Published: July 2013

Background: After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), motivation to return to previous levels of activity is high. Very few studies have used return-to-activity criteria to determine when to permit athletic play. Return-to-activity measures objectively evaluate functional limb symmetry; however, previous biomechanical studies have found gait deviations in these individuals that persist up to 2 years after surgery. Purpose: To evaluate gait biomechanics in a specific cohort of ACL patients 1 year after surgery and retrospectively compare individuals who pass return-to-activity criteria 6 months after surgery with those who fail. Study Design: Prospective analysis. Methods: A total of 40 athletes who participated regularly (>50 h/y) in cutting, jumping, and pivoting activities and who sustained an isolated, unilateral ACL rupture were included in this study. All participants underwent reconstruction by the same surgeon and received individualized postoperative rehabilitation. Performance-based and self-report data were measured 6 months after surgery to assess readiness to return to activity (90% outcome required to pass); 20 subjects passed return-to-activity criteria and 20 subjects did not. Motion analysis was performed 1 year after surgery, and knee flexion angles, moments, and excursions were measured during gait and evaluated for all subjects. Results: There was no limb × group interaction or effect of group for all measures. Decreased knee measures were seen on the involved limb compared with the uninvolved limb for all subjects, and failed subjects demonstrated larger differences between limbs. Conclusion: Patients continued to demonstrate biomechanical limb asymmetries 1 year after ACLR, regardless of performance-based measures at 6 months. Early return to activity did not ensure limb symmetry at 1 year. Clinical Relevance: Gait asymmetries were seen in all subjects 1 year after surgery regardless of status at 6 months. Potentially prolonging athlete’s timelines for returning to activity may prove beneficial for a successful return to activity as well as for long-term knee function.
Smectite clay from the Sabga deposit (Cameroon): mineralogical and physicochemical properties
Authors: Mache J. R. , Signing P. , Njoya A. , Kunyukubundo F. , Mbey J. A. , Njopwouo D. , Fagel N. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe physicochemical and mineralogical characterization of the <250 μm particle-size fraction from six clay-rich samples from the Sabga deposit (north-west, Cameroon) were carried out to evaluate their potential applications. The major clay mineral is dioctahedral smectite and minor kaolinite is present in three of the clay samples. Cristobalite, feldspars, ilmenite and heulandite are accessory minerals. Application of the Greene-Kelly test revealed that the smectite present is montmorillonite. The chemical composition (wt.%) of the bulk clays consists of (66–70%) SiO2, (13–16%) Al2O3and (2–7%) Fe2O3. Physico-chemical characterization of the clays showed that the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the specific surface area range from 38 to 46 meq/100 g and from 33 to 90 m2/g respectively. The physical and chemical properties are fully compatible with potential uses in environmental applications. After purification and chemical modification, these materials could also be used in refining edible oil as adsorbent, waste water treatment and wine technology.
Rasip1 regulates vertebrate vascular endothelial junction stability through Epac1-Rap1 signaling
Authors: Wilson Christopher W. , Parker Leon H. , Hall Christopher J. , Smyczek Tanya , Mak Judy , Crow Ailey , Posthuma George , De Mazière Ann , Sagolla Meredith , Chalouni Cecile , Vitorino Philip , Roose-Girma Merone , Warming Søren , Klumperman Judith , Crosier Philip S. , Ye Weilan 
Published: July 2013

Key PointsRASIP1 is required for stabilizing nascent patent blood vessels in both mice and zebrafish. RASIP1 is a dynamic effector of EPAC1-RAP1 signaling that controls actin bundling and restricts junction remodeling in vitro and in vivo.
Ibrutinib is an irreversible molecular inhibitor of ITK driving a Th1-selective pressure in T lymphocytes
Authors: Dubovsky Jason A. , Beckwith Kyle A. , Natarajan Gayathri , Woyach Jennifer A. , Jaglowski Samantha , Zhong Yiming , Hessler Joshua D. , Liu Ta-Ming , Chang Betty Y. , Larkin Karilyn M. , Stefanovski Matthew R. , Chappell Danielle L. , Frissora Frank W. , Smith Lisa L. , Smucker Kelly A. , Flynn Joseph M. , Jones Jeffrey A. , Andritsos Leslie A. , Maddocks Kami , Lehman Amy M. , Furman Richard , Sharman Jeff , Mishra Anjali , Caligiuri Michael A. , Satoskar Abhay R. , Buggy Joseph J. , Muthusamy Natarajan , Johnson Amy J. , Byrd John C. 
Published: July 2013

Key PointsIbrutinib is the first clinically viable irreversible ITK inhibitor. Ibrutinib inhibits the formation of Th2 but not Th1 immunity.
Boundedness of the maximal operator in the local Morrey-Lorentz spaces
Authors: Aykol Canay , Guliyev Vagif S , Serbetci Ayhan 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In this paper we define a new class of functions called local Morrey-Lorentz spaces

M

p
,
q
;
λ

loc

(

R
n

)

,

0
<
p
,
q
≤
∞

and

0
≤
λ
≤
1

. These spaces generalize Lorentz spaces such that

M

p
,
q
;
0

loc

(

R
n

)
=

L

p
,
q

(

R
n

)

. We show that in the case

λ
<
0

or

λ
>
1

, the space

M

p
,
q
;
λ

loc

(

R
n

)

is trivial, and in the limiting case

λ
=
1

, the space

M

p
,
q
;
1

loc

(

R
n

)

is the classical Lorentz space

Λ

∞
,

t

1
p

−

1
q

(

R
n

)

. We show that for

0
<
q
≤
p
<
∞

and

0
<
λ
≤

q
p

, the local Morrey-Lorentz spaces

M

p
,
q
;
λ

loc

(

R
n

)

are equal to weak Lebesgue spaces

W

L

1
p

−

λ
q

(

R
n

)

. We get an embedding between local Morrey-Lorentz spaces and Lorentz-Morrey spaces. Furthermore, we obtain the boundedness of the maximal operator in the local Morrey-Lorentz spaces.

MSC:42B20, 42B25, 42B35, 47G10.
Discovery of structural alterations in solid tumor oligodendroglioma by single molecule analysis
Authors: Ray Mohana , Goldstein Steve , Zhou Shiguo , Potamousis Konstantinos , Sarkar Deepayan , Newton Michael A , Esterberg Elizabeth , Kendziorski Christina , Bogler Oliver , Schwartz David C 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Solid tumors present a panoply of genomic alterations, from single base changes to the gain or loss of entire chromosomes. Although aberrations at the two extremes of this spectrum are readily defined, comprehensive discernment of the complex and disperse mutational spectrum of cancer genomes remains a significant challenge for current genome analysis platforms. In this context, high throughput, single molecule platforms like Optical Mapping offer a unique perspective.

Results
Using measurements from large ensembles of individual DNA molecules, we have discovered genomic structural alterations in the solid tumor oligodendroglioma. Over a thousand structural variants were identified in each tumor sample, without any prior hypotheses, and often in genomic regions deemed intractable by other technologies. These findings were then validated by comprehensive comparisons to variants reported in external and internal databases, and by selected experimental corroborations. Alterations range in size from under 5 kb to hundreds of kilobases, and comprise insertions, deletions, inversions and compound events. Candidate mutations were scored at sub-genic resolution and unambiguously reveal structural details at aberrant loci.

Conclusions
The Optical Mapping system provides a rich description of the complex genomes of solid tumors, including sequence level aberrations, structural alterations and copy number variants that power generation of functional hypotheses for oligodendroglioma genetics.
Sequence polymorphisms of rfbT among the Vibrio cholerae O1 strains in the Ogawa and Inaba serotype shifts
Authors: Liang Weili , Wang Luxi , Liang Pu , Zheng Xiao , Zhou Haijian , Zhang Jingyun , Zhang Lijuan , Kan Biao 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background

Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 has two major serotypes, Ogawa and Inaba, which may alternate among cholera epidemics. The rfbT gene is responsible for the conversion between the two serotypes. In this study, we surveyed the sequence variance of rfbT in the Ogawa and Inaba strains in China over a 48-year (1961-2008) period in which serotype shifts occurred among epidemic years.

Results
Various mutation events including single nucleotide, short fragment insertions/deletions and transposases insertions, were found in the rfbT gene of the Inaba strains. Ectopically introducing an intact rfbT could overcome the mutations by converting the Inaba serotype to the Ogawa serotype, suggesting the effects of these mutations on the function of RfbT. Characteristic rfbT mutations were recognized in the Inaba strains among Inaba serotype dominant epidemic years which were separate from the Ogawa dominant epidemics. Three distinguishable mutation sites in rfbT between the classical and the El Tor biotype strains were identified and could serve as biotype-specific biomarkers.

Conclusions
Our results provide a comprehensive picture of the rfbT gene mutations among the V. cholerae O1 strains in different epidemic periods, which could be further used as the tracing markers in clonality analysis and dissemination surveillance of the epidemic strains.
Characterization of temperature and light effects on the defense response phenotypes associated with the maize Rp1-D21autoactive resistance gene
Authors: Negeri Adisu , Wang Guan-Feng , Benavente Larissa , Kibiti Cromwell M , Chaikam Vijay , Johal Guri , Balint-Kurti Peter 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background

Rp1 is a complex locus of maize, which carries a set of genes controlling race-specific resistance to the common rust fungus, Puccinia sorghi. The resistance response includes the “Hypersensitive response” (HR), a rapid response triggered by a pathogen recognition event that includes localized cell death at the point of pathogen penetration and the induction of pathogenesis associated genes. The Rp1-D21gene is an autoactive allelic variant at the Rp1 locus, causing spontaneous activation of the HR response, in the absence of pathogenesis. Previously we have shown that the severity of the phenotype conferred by Rp1-D21 is highly dependent on genetic background.

Results
In this study we show that the phenotype conferred by Rp1-D21 is highly dependent on temperature, with lower temperatures favoring the expression of the HR lesion phenotype. This temperature effect was observed in all the 14 genetic backgrounds tested. Significant interactions between the temperature effects and genetic background were observed. When plants were grown at temperatures above 30°C, the spontaneous HR phenotype conferred by Rp1-D21 was entirely suppressed. Furthermore, this phenotype could be restored or suppressed by alternately reducing and increasing the temperature appropriately. Light was also required for the expression of this phenotype. By examining the expression of genes associated with the defense response we showed that, at temperatures above 30°C, the Rp1-D21 phenotype was suppressed at both the phenotypic and molecular level.

Conclusions
We have shown that the lesion phenotype conferred by maize autoactive resistance gene Rp1-D21 is temperature sensitive in a reversible manner, that the temperature-sensitivity phenotype interacts with genetic background and that the phenotype is light sensitive. This is the first detailed demonstration of this phenomenon in monocots and also the first demonstration of the interaction of this effect with genetic background. The use of temperature shifts to induce a massive and synchronous HR in plants carrying the Rp1-D21 genes will be valuable in identifying components of the defense response pathway.
Selection of an adjuvant for seasonal influenza vaccine in elderly people: modelling immunogenicity from a randomized trial
Authors: Rümke Hans C , Richardus Jan Hendrik , Rombo Lars , Pauksens Karlis , Plaßmann Georg , Durand Christelle , Devaster Jeanne-Marie , Dewé Walthère , Oostvogels Lidia 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Improved influenza vaccines are needed to reduce influenza-associated complications in older adults. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal formulation of adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine for use in elderly people.

Methods
This observer-blind, randomized study assessed the optimal formulation of adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine based on immunogenicity and safety in participants aged ≥65 years. Participants were randomized (~200 per group) to receive one dose of non-adjuvanted vaccine or one of eight formulations of vaccine formulated with a squalene and tocopherol oil-in-water emulsion-based Adjuvant System (AS03C, AS03B or AS03A, with 2.97, 5.93 and 11.86 mg tocopherol, respectively) together with the immunostimulant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL, doses of 0, 25 or 50 mg). Hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody responses and T-cell responses were assessed on Day 0 and 21 days post-vaccination. The ratio of HI-based geometric mean titers in adjuvanted versus non-adjuvanted vaccine groups were calculated and the lower limit of the 90% confidence interval was transformed into a desirability index (a value between 0 and 1) in an experimental domain for each vaccine strain, and plotted in relation to the AS03 and MPL dose combination in the formulation. This model was used to assess the optimal formulation based on HI antibody titers. Reactogenicity and safety were also assessed. The immunogenicity and safety analyses were used to evaluate the optimal formulation of adjuvanted vaccine.

Results
In the HI antibody-based model, an AS03 dose–response was evident; responses against the A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 strains were higher for all adjuvanted formulations versus non-adjuvanted vaccine, and for the AS03A-MPL25, AS03B-MPL25 and AS03B-MPL50 formulations against the B strain. Modelling using more stringent criteria (post hoc) showed a clear dose-range effect for the AS03 component against all strains, whereas MPL showed a limited effect. Higher T-cell responses for adjuvanted versus non-adjuvanted vaccine were observed for all except two formulations (AS03C and AS03B-MPL25). Reactogenicity increased with increasing AS03 dosage, and with MPL. No safety concerns were raised.

Conclusions
Five formulations containing AS03A or AS03B were identified as potential candidates to improve immune responses to influenza vaccination; AS03B without MPL showed the best balance between improved immunogenicity and acceptable reactogenicity.

Trial registration
This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00540592