bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment of Advanced Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Topilow Harvey W , Ackerman Albert L , Wang Frederick M , Strome Robert R 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Thirty-nine eyes of 20 premature infants, mean birth weight 922 g, mean gestational age 27 weeks, with active retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), were treated. Thirty-one eyes with stage 3+ ROP and 180° to 360° of preretinal neovascularization received cryotherapy to ablate the zone of peripheral avascular retina. All underwent complete regression of active disease. Eight of these eyes subsequently developed retinal detachments due to ongoing vitreous traction. One detachment was inoperable. Six eyes were successfully reattached following scleral buckling surgery. One of these six redetached and became inoperable after 20 months. Pars plicata vitrectomy was not successful in reattaching the eighth case. Twentyeight of these 31 eyes retain useful visual acuity with follow-up of 15 to 70 months (mean 41 months). There have been no complications resulting from cryotherapy.
Eight other eyes with stage 4 ROP (traction retinal detachment) were treated with cryotherapy and scleral buckling surgery. All were initially reattached, but ongoing v'rtreoretinal traction caused redetachment in five. One was inoperable. "Open sky" vitrectomy was successful in reattaching three of the other four. Of the six cases that remained reattached with follow-up of 6 to 51 months, only two retain useful vision.
Rotational Tarsal Conjunctival Flap in the Treatment of Scleral Necrosis
Authors: Rootman David S , Insler Michael S , Kaufman Herbert E 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Scleral necrosis and perforation are difficult to manage. We describe a technique whereby a vascular strip of tarsal tissue with overlying conjunctiva can be rotated and sutured to a necrotic area of sclera that has been debrided, leading to rapid healing. The technique is performed easily, and can aid in the healing of areas of necrotic sclera that threaten perforation by providing a vascular pedicle.
Cognition‐enhancing drugs induce intrusive traumatic memories: a two‐case report
Authors: Zahlan Nadine , Levitt Anthony 
Published: May 2014

Key Clinical MessagePhysicians managing patients with the use of drugs with cognition‐enhancing properties should be aware of the possibility of concurrent emergent, intrusive traumatic memories in individuals without existing cognitive impairment. Dose response should be closely monitored, as the adverse event may follow titration past an individual threshold.
Mapping of sheep sensory cortex with a novel microelectrocorticography grid
Authors: Gierthmuehlen Mortimer , Wang Xi , Gkogkidis Alexis , Henle Christian , Fischer Joerg , Fehrenbacher Thomas , Kohler Fabian , Raab Markus , Mader Irina , Kuehn Celina , Foerster Katharina , Haberstroh Joerg , Freiman Thomas M. , Stieglitz Thomas , Rickert Joern , Schuettler Martin , Ball Tonio 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTMicroelectrocorticography (µECoG) provides insights into the cortical organization with high temporal and spatial resolution desirable for better understanding of neural information processing. Here we evaluated the use of µECoG for detailed cortical recording of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in an ovine model. The approach to the cortex was planned using an MRI‐based 3D model of the sheep's brain. We describe a minimally extended surgical procedure allowing placement of two different µECoG grids on the somatosensory cortex. With this small craniotomy, the frontal sinus was kept intact, thus keeping the surgical site sterile and making this approach suitable for chronic implantations. We evaluated the procedure for chronic implantation of an encapsulated µECoG recording system. During acute and chronic recordings, significant SEP responses in the triangle between the ansate, diagonal, and coronal sulcus were identified in all animals. Stimulation of the nose, upper lip, lower lip, and chin caused a somatotopic lateral‐to‐medial, ipsilateral response pattern. With repetitive recordings of SEPs, this somatotopic pattern was reliably recorded for up to 16 weeks. The findings of this study confirm the previously postulated ipsilateral, somatotopic organization of the sheep's sensory cortex. High gamma band activity was spatially most specific in the comparison of different frequency components of the somatosensory evoked response. This study provides a basis for further acute and chronic investigations of the sheep's sensory cortex by characterizing its exact position, its functional properties, and the surgical approach with respect to macroanatomical landmarks. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:3590–3608, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Childhood Obsessive–compulsive Traits in Anorexia Nervosa Patients, Their Unaffected Sisters and Healthy Controls: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Degortes Daniela , Zanetti Tatiana , Tenconi Elena , Santonastaso Paolo , Favaro Angela 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAlthough there is evidence that childhood perfectionistic traits predate the onset of eating disorders, few studies to date have examined the prevalence and clinical correlates of these traits in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and their unaffected sisters. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of childhood obsessive–compulsive traits in patients with lifetime AN, their unaffected sisters and healthy women. A total of 116 AN patients, 32 healthy sisters and 119 controls were assessed by the EATATE Interview to assess traits such as perfectionism, inflexibility, rule‐bound traits, drive for order and symmetry, and excessive doubt and cautiousness. Both self‐report and maternal reports were collected. AN patients reported more childhood obsessive–compulsive traits than their healthy sisters and controls. In contrast, no differences between healthy controls and unaffected sisters emerged. In patients with AN, a dose–response relationship was found between the number of childhood obsessive–compulsive traits and psychopathology, including body image distortion, thus indicating that these traits are an important feature to be considered in assessing and treating eating disorders. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Multivariate Time Series Model with Hierarchical Structure for Over‐Dispersed Discrete Outcomes
Authors: Terui Nobuhiko , Ban Masataka 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose a multivariate time series model for over‐dispersed discrete data to explore the market structure based on sales count dynamics. We first discuss the microstructure to show that over‐dispersion is inherent in the modeling of market structure based on sales count data. The model is built on the likelihood function induced by decomposing sales count response variables according to products' competitiveness and conditioning on their sum of variables, and it augments them to higher levels by using the Poisson–multinomial relationship in a hierarchical way, represented as a tree structure for the market definition. State space priors are applied to the structured likelihood to develop dynamic generalized linear models for discrete outcomes.For the over‐dispersion problem, gamma compound Poisson variables for product sales counts and Dirichlet compound multinomial variables for their shares are connected in a hierarchical fashion. Instead of the density function of compound distributions, we propose a data augmentation approach for more efficient posterior computations in terms of the generated augmented variables, particularly for generating forecasts and predictive density.We present the empirical application using weekly product sales time series in a store to compare the proposed models accommodating over‐dispersion with alternative no over‐dispersed models by several model selection criteria, including in‐sample fit, out‐of‐sample forecasting errors and information criterion. The empirical results show that the proposed modeling works well for the over‐dispersed models based on compound Poisson variables and they provide improved results compared with models with no consideration of over‐dispersion. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seroepidemiology ofToxoplasmain a coastal region of Haiti: multiplex bead assay detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies that recognize the SAG2A antigen
Authors: PRIEST J. W. , MOSS D. M. , ARNOLD B. F. , HAMLIN K. , JONES C. C. , LAMMIE P. J. 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYToxoplasma gondiiis a globally distributed parasitic protozoan that infects most warm-blooded animals. We incorporated a bead coupled with recombinant SAG2A protein into our Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) multiplex bead assay (MBA) panel and used it to determineToxoplasmainfection rates in two studies in Haiti. In a longitudinal cohort study of children aged 0–11 years, the infection rate varied with age reaching a maximum of 0·131 infections/year in children aged 3 years [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·065–0·204]. The median time to seroconversion was estimated to be 9·7 years (95% CI 7·6–∞). In a cross-sectional, community-wide survey of residents of all ages, we determined an overall seroprevalence of 28·2%. The seroprevalence age curve from the cross-sectional study also suggested that the force of infection varied with age and peaked at 0·057 infections/year (95% CI 0·033–0·080) at age 2·6 years. Integration of theToxoplasmaMBA into NTD surveys may allow for better estimates of the potential burden of congenital toxoplasmosis in underserved regions.
An evaluation of Hospice New Zealand's interprofessional fundamentals of palliative care program at a single site
Authors: Henning Marcus , Hu Julie , Webster Craig , Brown Hadley , Murphy Jo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjective:To study the efficacy of two modules within the Fundamentals of Palliative Care educational program within a single site. The modules included the concepts of Essence of Palliative Care and Pain and Symptom Management.Method:A mixed-methods approach incorporating questionnaires and interviews was implemented. Two phases were included. First, a purposive sample of 22 workshop participants were invited to fill out evaluation questionnaires on two occasions (immediately after the session and four weeks as follow-up). Second, semistructured interviews were conducted and interviews transcribed and analyzed using content analysis.Results:Participants felt they gained further knowledge in palliative patient management and refined their clinical practice. The questionnaire feedback revealed that the Essence of Palliative Care module provided a breadth of content but had difficulties in capturing the diverse needs of all attendees. The Pain and Symptom Management module was perceived as more technical and clinical, and this suited health professionals with an informed background. The interviewee feedback (three nurses, three nurse educators, one manager) suggested that the learning outcomes were comprehensive but needed to be more sensitive to learner needs. The teaching and learning activities were perceived as useful and encouraging. However, learners came from diverse contexts, and it was difficult to suit all learning preferences. Assessment and evaluation processes required more psychometric attention.Significance of Results:The piloting of the Fundamentals of Palliative Care program at this single site was of benefit and relevance to participants in their clinical practice. Overall, participants felt the course was useful to them and that they were able to gain valuable knowledge and skills. Several areas could be refined to optimize the learning, including: (1) knowing attendee learning potentialities and prior experiences, (2) considering a more inclusive and formal assessment process, (3) creating diverse mechanisms for disseminating knowledge and skills, and (4) improving methods of evaluation.
Crystal-momentum dispersion of ultrafast spin change in fcc Co
Authors: Si M. S. , Li J. Y. , Yang D. Z. , Xue D. S. , Zhang G. P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractNearly twenty years ago, Beaurepaire and coworkers showed that when an ultrafast laser impinges on a ferromagnet, its spin moment undergoes a dramatic change, but how it works remains a mystery. While the current experiment is still unable to resolve the minute details of the spin change, crystal momentum-resolved techniques have long been used to analyze the charge dynamics in superconductors and strongly correlated materials. Here we extend it to probe spin moment change in the entire three-dimensional Brillouin zone for fcc Co. Our results indeed show a strong spin activity along the Δ line, supporting a prior experimental finding. The spin active pockets coalesce into a series of spin surfaces that follow the Fermi surfaces. We predict two largest spin change pockets which have been elusive to experiments: one pocket is slightly below the Δ line and the other is along the Λ line and close to the L point. Our theory presents an opportunity for the time-, spin- and momentum-resolve photoemission technique.
Formation initiale des Enseignants de Physique-Chimie : l’Ouverture aux Nanosciences & Nanotechnologies
Authors: Dubreuil F. , Baudrant A. , Rambaud Ch. , Marchi F. 
Published: May 2014

En
2010
la
refonte
de
la
formation
des
enseignants
du
primaire
et
secondaire
a
conduit
à
la
création
des
Master
Enseignement
;
c’est
dans
ce
cadre
que
l’Université
Joseph
Fourier
a
décidé
de
consacrer
une
unité
d’enseignement
(UE)
dite
d’ouverture
à
la
recherche
aux
« Nano »
pour
les
futurs
professeurs
de
physique
et
de
chimie.
Cette
UE
intitulée
« Objets
quotidiens,
Nanosciences
et
Education »
unique
en
France
a
la
particularité
de
s’appuyer
sur
des
plateformes
d’enseignement
expérimental
de
haut
niveau
dans
ce
domaine.
De
plus
elle
propose
une
évaluation
des
connaissances
innovante
qui
repose
sur
la
conception
d’une
séquence
d’enseignement
sur
une
thématique
« Nano »
dédiée
à
des
élèves
de
niveau
première
ou
Terminale
scientifique.
Retour d’expérience d’une formation EURODOTS en compatibilité électromagnétique des circuits intégrés
Authors: Sicard Etienne , Boyer Alexandre , Serpaud Sébastien 
Published: May 2014

Nous présentons un retour d’expérience d’une session de formation théorique et pratique d’une semaine, focalisée sur la compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) des circuits intégrés (CI). Après avoir posé nos motivations pour la construction de ce cours, nous décrivons sa structure, l’approche pédagogique, les compétences visées, les outils et des travaux pratiques associés. Nous donnons aussi une synthèse de l’évaluation faite par les participants à la formation organisée en 2012, qui démontre l’intérêt de coupler des sessions expérimentales et travaux pratiques aux sessions de cours. La formation CEM composants est
labélisée « Quality Labeled Course » par Eurotraining et a obtenu le soutien financier du programme Européen « EURODOTS ».
Short‐term spatial stability in trophic interactions
Authors: Díaz Eliecer R. , McQuaid Christopher D. 
Published: May 2014

Summary

The concept of stability in ecological theory has been a subject of debate for more than 40 years. Its value lies in being the explanatory principle underlying equilibrium in nature. Until now, the possibility of spatial stability in trophic interactions, defined as resilience of trophic activity (e.g. herbivore/algae or predator/prey) within patches after a disturbance, has not been explored. This concept requires the demonstration of two properties: (i) the return after a strong disturbance to a reference level of intensity of the trophic interaction (intensity criterion), and (ii) positive spatial correlation between pre‐ and post‐disturbance intensity of the trophic interaction (spatial determinism criterion).

The first criterion can be assessed by checking the consistency of intensities of grazing effects between years and the second criterion by correlating the intensities of grazing between years on the same set of patches. We used a spatially explicit test, repeated after experimental disturbance of the same plots in two consecutive years, to test for the existence of spatial stability in the effects of grazing on rocky shore algal assemblages.

The detection of spatial stability depended on the level of resolution at which the prey assemblages were examined (species, functional group and trophic level) and allowed us to demonstrate stability in grazing effects, which shape the mosaic of patches on the high rocky shore at scales of 10s of meters.

The community analysed was highly resilient due to its domination by species that can quickly re‐colonize and recover to pre‐disturbance levels and showed spatial determinism because of the tendency of both grazers and algae to colonize particularly favourable areas.

Synthesis. The most important findings are as follows: (i) spatial stability was confirmed for a trophic interaction, and (ii) spatial determinism in these systems was detectable. We suggest that patches exhibiting predictability in trophic interaction strength can function as initiators of recovery after disturbance and at the same time represent the deterministic initial condition that might shape long‐term spatial configurations within the landscape.
Role of the transumbilical laparoscopic‐assisted single‐channel, single‐port procedure in an interval appendectomy for pediatric mass‐forming appendicitis: A preliminary retrospective analysis
Authors: Ohno Yasuharu 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIntroductionA transumbilical laparoscopic‐assisted single‐channel, single‐port procedure was introduced during laparoscopic interval appendectomy for mass‐forming appendicitis in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the original laparoscopic interval appendectomy.MethodsThis study analyzed 31 children who underwent laparoscopic interval appendectomy using a single‐channel, single‐port procedure. The appendectomy was usually planned 8–12 weeks following initial conservative treatment. The procedure was a single‐channel surgery using a 12‐mm single port. Both a 5‐mm telescope and grasper were inserted simultaneously into the single channel. The grasper held the appendix, and an extracorporeal appendectomy was performed.ResultsAppendectomy was planned for 29 patients, as 2 patients deviated from the protocol. The procedure was successful in 21 patients (72.4%). An accessory port was necessary in eight patients, two of whom successfully underwent laparoscopic surgery; the remaining six were converted to open appendectomy. The average length of surgery was 43 min in the single‐channel, single‐port procedure. No postoperative complications occurred in any patient.ConclusionThe single‐channel, single‐port procedure was successfully performed in over 70% of the patients. This preliminary retrospective analysis indicates that the procedure is safe and potentially beneficial in children with mass‐forming appendicitis who require laparoscopic interval appendectomy.
Morphology of accessory structures of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) eye
Authors: Rodrigues Fernanda M. , Silva Fernanda M. O. , Trompieri‐Silveira Ana C. , Vergara‐Parente Jociery E. , Miglino Maria A. , Guimarães Juliana P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) has a cosmopolitan distribution and inhabits coastal and oceanic habitats, being present in polar and tropical waters. In aquatic mammals, vision has an important role in the perception of photoperiod changes. Due to lack of information on the morphology of Mysticetes, this study aimed to provide a morphological description of the adnexal structures of the humpback whale eye. Three newborn female specimens, stranded on the coast of Sergipe, Brazil, were used. Samples were fixed in a 10% formalin solution, dissected and photographed, and all the structures were collected and analysed using different light microscopy techniques. Eyelids were characterized by a palpebral fissure, a palpebral opening, two grooves (dorsal and ventral) and the presence of mechanoreceptors in the dermis. Some fibres of the four recti muscles had palpebral, scleral and glandular insertions. The Harderian gland filled the area between the orbit wall and the eyeball. Two vascular networks separated the extraocular retractor muscle of the eye and surround the optic nerve. The morphology of the accessory structures of the humpback whale eye was similar to that of other cetaceans, which suggests an adaptation to diving during migration, contributing to the perception of temperature difference in different regions.
Use of Multiple Imputation to Correct for Bias in Lung Cancer Incidence Trends by Histologic Subtype
Authors: Yu Mandi , Feuer Eric J. , Cronin Kathleen A. , Caporaso Neil E. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackground: Over the past several decades, advances in lung cancer research and practice have led to refinements of histologic diagnosis of lung cancer. The differential use and subsequent alterations of nonspecific morphology codes, however, may have caused artifactual fluctuations in the incidence rates for histologic subtypes, thus biasing temporal trends.Methods: We developed a multiple imputation (MI) method to correct lung cancer incidence for nonspecific histology using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program during 1975 to 2010.Results: For adenocarcinoma in men and squamous in both genders, the change to an increasing trend around 2005, after more than 10 years of decreasing incidence, is apparently an artifact of the changes in histopathology practice and coding system. After imputation, the rates remained decreasing for adenocarcinoma and squamous in men, and became constant for squamous in women.Conclusions: As molecular features of distinct histologies are increasingly identified by new technologies, accurate histologic distinctions are becoming increasingly relevant to more effective “targeted” therapies, and therefore, are important to track in patients. However, without incorporating the coding changes, the incidence trends estimated for histologic subtypes could be misleading.Impact: The MI approach provides a valuable tool for bridging the different histology definitions, thus permitting meaningful inferences about the long-term trends of lung cancer by histologic subtype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(8); 1546–58. ©2014 AACR.