bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurable All‐Oil Microfluidic Devices by 3D Printing
Authors: Feng Weixiao , Wen Yunhui , Sun Shuyi , Li Peifan , Shi Shaowei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNanoparticle surfactants have been widely used to construct structured liquids in oil‐water systems. Less attention, though, has been given in non‐aqueous systems, for example, oil‐oil systems, mainly due to the lack of suitable surfactants. Here, by using newly developed molecular brush surfactants (MBSs) that form at the DMSO‐silicone oil interface, the construction of all‐oil microfluidic devices is reported with advanced functions. Due to the high interfacial activity of MBSs, Plateau‐Rayleigh instabilities of liquid jets can be completely suppressed, leading to the production of liquid threads with jammed MBSs at the interface. Taking advantage of the 3D printing technique, all‐oil microfluidic devices with complex structures can be constructed, showing promising applications in mass transmission, chemical separation, and material synthesis.
Uncovering the Nonequilibrium Evolution Mechanism between Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3 Cathode and Impurities in the Na2SO4‐FeSO4·7H2O Binary System for High‐Voltage Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Wei , Liu Qi , Yang Qiang , Zhang Xinyu , Yang Zhuolin , Mu Daobin , Li Li , Chen Renjie , Wu Feng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries are increasingly recognized as ideal for large‐scale energy storage applications. Alluaudite Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3 has become one of the focused cathode materials in this field. However, previous studies employing aqueous‐solution synthesis often overlooked the formation mechanism of the impurity phase. In this study, the nonequilibrium evolution mechanism between Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3 and impurities by adjusting ratios of the Na2SO4/FeSO4·7H2O in the binary system is investigated. Then an optimal ratio of 0.765 with reduced impurity content is confirmed. Compared to the poor electrochemical performance of the Na2.6Fe1.7(SO4)3 (0.765) cathode, the optimized Na2.6Fe1.7(SO4)3@CNTs (0.765@CNTs) cathode, with improved electronic and ionic conductivity, demonstrates an impressive discharge specific capacity of 93.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and a high‐rate capacity of 67.84 mAh g−1 at 20 C, maintaining capacity retention of 71.1% after 3000 cycles at 10 C. The Na2.6Fe1.7(SO4)3@CNTs//HC full cell reaches an unprecedented working potential of 3.71 V at 0.1 C, and a remarkable mass‐energy density exceeding 320 Wh kg−1. This work not only provides comprehensive guidance for synthesizing high‐voltage Na2+2δFe2−δ(SO4)3 cathode materials with controllable impurity content but also lays the groundwork of sodium‐ion batteries for large‐scale energy storage applications.
Die Seilnetzmodelle zur Olympiadachlandschaft in München. Letzte Zeugen der Modellstatik
Authors: Schmid Benjamin , Möller Eberhard , Putz Andreas , Weber Christiane , Wenzel Baris 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIm Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts „Last Witnesses – Messmodelle im Ingenieurbauwesen – wissenschaftliche Bedeutung und Erhaltung“, gefördert durch die DFG im Schwerpunktprogramm 2255 „Kulturerbe Konstruktion“, wurden die wenigen überlieferten Messmodelle aus der Epoche der Modellstatik untersucht und dokumentiert. Dieser Bericht gibt Einblick in die für das Münchner Olympiadach gebauten physischen Modelle und ihre Verwendung im Planungsprozess. Dabei werden die Grenzen der Methode der Modellstatik bei großen Seilnetzkonstruktionen deutlich und wie dies die Digitalisierung in Architektur und Bauwesen beförderte.
Experimental evaluation of cyclic behavior of precast concrete frame with steel shear wall
Authors: Koopaizadeh Jaber , Behnamfar Farhad , Tafti Mohammad Reza Javaheri 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study seeks to integrate steel shear walls with precast concrete systems into stable and resistant structures against lateral loads. It is desired to study the ductility factor, lateral strength, and behavior as well as the energy absorption of this integrated system compared to the precast concrete frame without a shear wall. For this purpose, two steel shear wall samples made of mild steel and galvanized steel plates are constructed within a precast concrete frame. The assembly is tested under a cyclic lateral load. The integrity of the connections of steel strips of the wall together, and the boundary of the wall to the frame, is observed to be excellent. The main failure mode is composed of the diagonal yielding of the steel wall. The system benefits from large hysteresis loops and no degradation because of any instability. The beam‐column connections remain almost intact even at large cycles of deformation. Moreover, a bare precast concrete frame is tested in the same way to compare the lateral behavior. The utilized ductile beam‐column connections are successful in retaining the integrity of the system until large drifts. However, the seismic design characteristics of the bare frame turn out to be inferior to the steel shear wall system. Results of the cyclic tests show that by proper design of the interior and exterior connections of the shear wall as well as the beam‐column connections, the steel shear wall system can largely increase the stiffness, ultimate strength, and energy dissipation capacity of a bare precast moment resisting reinforced concrete frame. On top of that, the system is able to retain its integrity up to lateral drifts over 2%.
MHD flow of second‐grade fluid containing nanoparticles having gyrotactic microorganisms across heated convective sheet
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Faizan , Yasmin Humaira , Ali Farhan , Raizah Zehba , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Saeed Anwar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn order to keep mechanical processes running smoothly, there is a growing need for effective heat transport. The present study aims to explore the variation of heat on time‐dependent maximum hydrodynamic drag (MHD) second‐grade nanofluids perceiving motile gyrotactic microbe with stretchable sheets. We process the analysis of the thermal energy distribution by using the convective boundary conditions. In addition to this, we take both the chemical reaction and the heat radiation into consideration. The governing nonlinear (PDEs) are converted into (ODEs) by a similarity transformation and then computed BVP4c technique. The multiple results are marked in the range of opposing flows only. Then, the effects of numerous physical variables on temperature, concentration, fluid velocity, and motile microorganisms are scrutinized using different graphical representations. The unsteady parameter and second‐grade fluid also strengthen for higher qualities, while inverse conduct is identified for a magnetic field framework. Finally, the temperature field cultivates a more significant assessment of the Biot number, and reverse behavior is observed for the Prandtl number. The obtained results are found appropriate to the existing literature.
Numerical study of third‐grade nanofluid flow with motile microorganisms under the mixed convection regime over a stretching cylinder
Authors: Waqas Hassan , Hasan Md. Jahid , Jaima Shahrin Jahan , Naqvi Syed Muhammad Raza Shah , Manzoor Umair , Liu Dong , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe investigation of mixed convective flow involving microorganisms in nanofluid has garnered considerable interest in recent times owing to its extensive applicability in the biomedical domain. However, there has been a lack of study investigating a comprehensive parameter analysis for the flow of a third‐grade nanofluid around a cylinder in the presence of microorganisms. This study focuses on numerically investigating the flow of nanofluid around a stretched cylinder in the presence of motile microorganisms. The study also considers convective boundary conditions. Moreover, this study explores the nanofluid qualities related to Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusion characteristics. The variable parameters include the Prandtl number (Pr), Peclet number (Pe), buoyancy ratio parameter (Nr), mixed convection parameter (), bioconvection Lewis number (Lb), Biot number (Bi), and Marangoni number (Ma). The bvp4c issue solver tool in MATLAB is used to numerically solve the nonlinear governing differential equations. The numerical model has been validated using prior papers. Graphical representations are created to depict several important measurements, such as velocity streamlines, velocity profiles, temperature distributions, nanoparticle concentrations, densities of gyrotactic motile microorganisms, local Nusselt numbers, skin friction, and Sherwood numbers. The link between the Nusselt number and the parameters Nt and Rd suggests that as Nt falls and Rd increases, the Nusselt number increases. The skin friction value is directly proportional to the values of Nr and Nc. There is a positive correlation between the rise in the local mass transfer rate and the values of Rd and Nt. The population of mobile microorganisms grows as the values of Lb and Pe decrease.
Impersonal Bei Sentences in Early Mandarin: Form and Function
Authors: Ting Jen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter investigates a specific type of bei construction in Early Mandarin, characterized by the absence of an overt subject. I propose that these bei sentences contain an empty subject position, accommodating either referential or non-referential subjects. The bei sentences with a non-referential subject are argued to exhibit similarities to impersonal constructions found in various languages (Malchukov & Siewierska, 2011; Siewierska, 2008) both in terms of form and function. The findings of this study will broaden the discussion of impersonal constructions beyond European languages, thereby enhancing our understanding of impersonal constructions across different languages.
Searching dark photons using displaced vertices at Belle II — with backgrounds
Authors: Jaeckel Joerg , Phan Anh Vu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Dark photons in the MeV to GeV range with kinetic mixing of the order of ≲ 10−4 − 10−3 can be produced in significant numbers at low energy colliders such as Belle II. Their decay length can be macroscopic raising the hope for a fairly clean search via displaced vertices as proposed in [1]. However, even this is not background free. Here, we calculate and discuss problematic backgrounds from displaced photon conversion and discuss their potential impact on the sensitivity. In addition we also briefly consider the dangers of prompt backgrounds.
Occurrence and identification of lungworms in Iranian wild boars
Authors: Ghahvei Younes , Khani Maryam , Azizi Shahrzad , Khovand Hosein , Shamsi Shokoofeh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study represents the first investigation into the occurrence and identification of Metastrongylus spp. in wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Iran, utilizing both molecular and morphological methods. Thirteen wild boars from Kerman Province were examined, with 92.3% found to be infected with at least one species of Metastrongylus. Mixed infections were observed in 38.46% of the animals. Morphological and molecular analyses confirmed the presence of M. pudendotectus and M. salmi, with prevalence rates of 76.9% and 53.9%, respectively. Histopathological examination revealed transverse and longitudinal sections of Metastrongylus parasites within the airways, causing partial to complete obstruction, interstitial pneumonia, and inflammatory responses. The study also highlights the public health significance of these parasites. The higher prevalence observed compared to earlier studies suggests changes in environmental conditions, host dynamics, or agricultural practices as possible factors, warranting further investigation. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive surveillance and control measures to mitigate the risk of zoonotic transmission, particularly in regions with significant wild and domestic swine populations. This study contributes to the understanding of Metastrongylus spp. distribution and their pathological impact, emphasizing the ecological importance of wild boars and the necessity for continued monitoring and research to prevent and control infections in both animal and human populations.
The validity of over-the-counter skin, hair, and nail recommendations for adult patients with cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Javdan Bahar , Pattison Lindsay M. , Rangu Sneha A. , Tejeda Emely , McLellan Beth N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Importance
Patients undergoing cancer treatment experience a multitude of skin, hair, and nail adverse events, prompting them to use non-evidence-based and often restrictive over-the-counter (OTC) recommendations to alleviate their symptoms. Comprehensively assessing evidence-based OTC modalities is crucial to enable cancer patients to comfortably resume their lives post-treatment and integrate clinically sound practices into their self-care routines.

Objective
Perform a systematic review and assessment of evidence-based OTC skin, hair, and nail care recommendations for adult patients undergoing cancer treatment.

Evidence review
PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Medline databases were searched in March 2023 to identify English articles addressing OTC skin, hair, and nail care recommendations for adult patients before, during, and after cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy (RT). Quality was assessed with Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine criteria.

Findings
2192 unique articles were screened, of which 77 met inclusion criteria consisting of 54 randomized controlled trials (RCT), 8 non-randomized controlled cohorts, 1 non-randomized controlled clinical trial, 3 controlled prospective cohorts, 4 prospective cohorts, 2 controlled clinical trials, 1 prospective comparative study, 2 case reports, and 2 case series discussing 9322 patients. An additional article outside of our database search was included for a total of 78 articles. OTC skin care treatments with the best quality of evidence included moisturizing creams. Our review revealed a paucity of evidence-based hair and nail care practices.

Conclusions and relevance
This systematic review serves to highlight the efficacy of diverse OTC skin, hair, and nail care recommendations for adult cancer patients while encouraging further clinical trials to establish evidence-based management guidelines.
Neural algorithm for optimization of multidimensional object controller parameters
Authors: Bałazy Patryk , Lalik Krzysztof , Knap Paweł 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOptimal control of multivariable systems is a complex dynamic process that minimizes the cost function to obtain the optimal control strategy. Unfortunately, for nonlinear systems, it is not possible to use the traditional linear quadratic regulator (LQR), which would be optimal over the entire range of parameter variation. The problem of nonlinear multivariable systems and their optimal control is very momentous. The solution presented in this paper is based on the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) networks in controlling a five-degree-of-freedom overhead crane system. Additionally, unlike the classical approach, the algorithm is adapted to directly analyze tabular data of inputs and outputs of the controlled model instead of analyzing its state as feedback (model-free). Implementing the new control structure for the multivariable system improved control quality compared to the classical LQR controller with linearization at the operating point. In addition to quality, the resource indicators, which in the LQR controller are represented by the matrix R, have been significantly improved. The architecture of the neural control system is presented, ensuring that over the entire range of nonlinearity, the quality of control is preserved while reducing the cost of its resource intensity. Obtaining optimal control with reduced resources for its implementation induces a wide range of applications of such neural control in engineering systems. The effectiveness of the proposed control system has been demonstrated in simulation studies. The simulation results present the system’s excellent control performance and adaptability over the entire range of object nonlinearity. The neural algorithm resulted in significantly shorter adjustment time and better control quality with significantly less system resource consumption and increased system dynamics.
Management der akuten infektiösen Gastroenteritis bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern
Authors: Vécsei Andreas 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungEine akute infektiöse Gastroenteritis ist eine häufige Erkrankung bei Kindern. Die Behandlung gemäß den Leitlinien der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie (ESPGHAN) konzentriert sich darauf, eine Rehydrierung innerhalb von 4 h mit einer hypoosmolaren oralen Rehydrierungslösung (ORL) zu erreichen. Während der Rehydrierungs- und Realimentationsphase wird empfohlen, dass Mütter weiterhin stillen. Die Realimentation mit normaler Kost soll früh erfolgen, bereits nach 4 h Rehydrierung. Weiterer Flüssigkeitsverlust durch Diarrhoe nach erfolgter Rehydrierung sollte durch ORL ausgeglichen werden. Der Einsatz unnötiger Medikamente sollte vermieden werden. In Österreich halten sich Kinderärzt:innen genauer an diese ESPGHAN-Empfehlungen als der europäische Durchschnitt. Angesichts der Bedeutung des Themas im kinderärztlichen Alltag ist es jedoch ratsam, das Management der akuten Gastroenteritis regelmäßig zu überprüfen und vertieft zu behandeln. Dabei ist es auch sinnvoll, Anregungen zur Überprüfung etablierter Standardmaßnahmen, die sich eingeschlichen haben könnten, sowie potenzieller Verstöße gegen Leitlinien im täglichen Arbeitsbereich der Kinderärzt:innen anzubieten.
Recent trends in psychotropic medication use in children and adolescents in Ireland
Authors: Parkin Rebecca , Bennett Kathleen , Nicholas Fiona Mc , Hayden John C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn response to concerns regarding overprescribing of psychotropic medication in children/adolescents, this study examined trends in psychotropic medication use in Ireland by age group and gender. A retrospective, repeated, cross-sectional study of the Irish pharmacy claims database was conducted. Yearly prevalence of children/adolescents receiving dispensed psychotropic medications was analysed from January 2017 to December 2021 and compared across years, age groups (5–15 years, and stratified as 5–11 and 12–15 years) and gender. Yearly prevalence was defined as the mean number of patients in receipt of medication per month per 1000 eligible population during a given calendar year. Negative binomial regression was used to examine the association of year, age group and gender on prevalence. Prevalence ratios (PRs) per year (average change in prevalence between each year) were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The prevalence of included psychotropic medications dispensed in the 5–15 years group increased from 6.41 (95% CI: 6.22, 6.59) in 2017 to 8.46 (95% CI: 8.26, 8.68) in 2021 per 1000 eligible population (32% increase). The PR per year (adjusting for age category and gender) was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.035, 1.107; p < 0.001). An increasing trend over time was also observed for all individual drug classes. These findings suggest increased use of psychotropic medication in children/adolescents from 2017 to 2021. However, despite increased prevalence over time, comparison with the literature shows that psychotropic medication use in Ireland remains lower than international comparators.
Monitoring the potential dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in foods, environment, and clinical samples: a one health prospective
Authors: Das Madhuchhanda , Ojha Anup Kumar , Dolma Karma G , Majumdar Tapan , Sarmah Pallab , Hazarika Suranjana , Modi Dilem , Gogoi Dimpu , Das Samaresh , Ramamurthy Thandavarayan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Circulation of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria in the environment, animals, and humans is a major concern. Food chain is an important link to spread AMR across the biosphere. Global warming, preserved and fast foods availability, random use of un-prescribed antimicrobials, unplanned bio-waste management, and using high doses of antibiotics and bio-fertilizers to agricultural fields and animal farms, increase the threat of spreading AMR bacteria. Current study reports prevalence of AMR in enteric pathogens isolated from food, food handlers, environment, and diarrheal patients. The incidence data on AMR pathogens were collected from Assam, Sikkim, Tripura, and Arunachal Pradesh, India, through a well-structured market and hospital surveillance. There were 428 (3.0%) enteric pathogens detected in food and 184 (5.3%) in clinical samples. Most of the pathogens were resistant (70–100%) to commonly used antimicrobials in treatment of diarrheal infection. Result showed a spread of AMR across food chain, underscoring need for swift preventive intervention.
Configuration balancing for stochastic requests
Authors: Eberle Franziska , Gupta Anupam , Megow Nicole , Moseley Benjamin , Zhou Rudy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The configuration balancing problem with stochastic requests generalizes well-studied resource allocation problems such as load balancing and virtual circuit routing. There are given m resources and n requests; each request has multiple possible configurations, each of which increases the load of each resource by some amount. The goal is to select one configuration for each request to minimize the makespan: the load of the most-loaded resource. In the stochastic setting, the amount by which a configuration increases the resource load is uncertain until the configuration is chosen, but we are given a probability distribution. We develop both offline and online algorithms for configuration balancing with stochastic requests. When the requests are known offline, we give a non-adaptive policy for configuration balancing with stochastic requests that

$$O(\frac{\log m}{\log \log m})$$

O
(

log
m

log
log
m

)

-approximates the optimal adaptive policy, which matches a known lower bound for the special case of load balancing on identical machines. When requests arrive online in a list, we give a non-adaptive policy that is

$$O(\log m)$$

O
(
log
m
)

competitive. Again, this result is asymptotically tight due to information-theoretic lower bounds for special cases (e.g., for load balancing on unrelated machines). Finally, we show how to leverage adaptivity in the special case of load balancing on related machines to obtain a constant-factor approximation offline and an

$$O(\log \log m)$$

O
(
log
log
m
)

-approximation online. A crucial technical ingredient in all of our results is a new structural characterization of the optimal adaptive policy that allows us to limit the correlations between its decisions.
Classes of probability measures built on the properties of Benford’s law
Authors: Cerqueti Roy , Maggi Mario 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBenford’s law is a particular discrete probability distribution that is often satisfied by the significant digits of a dataset. The nonconformity with Benford’s law suggests the possible presence of data manipulation. This paper introduces two novel generalized versions of Benford’s law that are less restrictive than the original Benford’s law—hence, leading to more probable conformity of a given dataset. Such generalizations are grounded on the existing mathematical relations between Benford’s law probability distribution elements. Moreover, one of them leads to a set of probability distributions that is a proper subset of that of the other one. We show that the considered versions of Benford’s law have a geometric representation on the three-dimensional Euclidean space. Through suitable optimization models, we show that all the probability distributions satisfying the more restrictive generalization exhibit at least acceptable conformity with Benford’s law, according to the most popular distance measures. We also present some examples to highlight the practical usefulness of the introduced devices.