bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lived experience of having lymphedema after treatment of head and neck cancer: A qualitative study
Authors: Arends Coralie R. , Molen Lisette van der , Brekel Michiel W.M. van den , Stuiver Martijn M. , Sluis Klaske van 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Head and neck lymphedema (HNL) is an accumulation of interstitial protein-rich fluid. During treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC), lymphatic vessels may be removed or damaged, causing a decrease in the function of the lymphatic system among 75% of the patients. To explore the lived experience of patients with head and neck lymphedema as a residual symptom after head and neck cancer treatment.
Methods
We performed a qualitative study using a narrative approach. Participants were eligible when they had lymphedema after completed curative HNC treatment. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis according to Braun et al. A maximum sampling strategy was used to include a diverse group of participants.
Results
Ten participants, five men and five women, were interviewed. Three main themes emerged. “One of many issues” highlighted the difficulty participants faced in distinguishing lymphedema from other symptoms they experienced. The second theme “Having lymphedema & dealing with it,” covers how the participants described their lymphedema and its impact on their social life. The third theme “Knowing and controlling my lymphedema,” covered the participants’ ability to recognize and manage their lymphedema, including self-management.
Conclusions
Our study shows that lymphedema is part of a larger palette of residual symptoms after HNC treatment. While it took some time to adjust to having lymphedema, it has minimal impact on social aspects in this sample. Participants showed high therapy compliance and used self-management techniques effectively. Our findings also emphasize the need for healthcare professionals to recognize the interdependence between lymphedema and other residual symptoms and address them in an integrated manner.
Prophylactic Dextrose Gel Use in Newborns at Risk for Hypoglycemia
Authors: Dumpa Vikramaditya , Devarapalli Venkatasai , Niven Makenzie , Canonigo Jared , Spray Beverly , Avulakunta Indirapriya , Beavers Jared , Andrews Jennifer 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective:To assess the impact of prophylactic dextrose gel on short-term outcomes in infants at risk for hypoglycemia.Methods:Retrospective, single-center, pre and post-intervention study of neonates at risk for hypoglycemia -infants of diabetic mothers, large and small for gestational age infants, born between January 2015 and May 2023. Infants were categorized into two groups for analysis. 1. Pre- dextrose gel (01/2015 to 04/2018, n=788) and 2. Dextrose gel (01/2019 to 05/2023, n=1495). Infant demographic data and outcome variables were compared between the two groups.Results:2283 infants were eligible. Prophylactic dextrose gel use was associated with decreased admission rates to NICU secondary to hypoglycemia (2.7% vs. 6.5%), reduced incidence of hypoglycemia in the first 48 hours (32% vs. 43.3%), and higher exclusive breastmilk use at discharge (47% vs. 37.3%).Conclusion: The use of prophylactic dextrose gel in certain high-risk newborns was associated with improved patient outcomes.
Diabetic striatopathy with stroke-like symptoms: A case report
Authors: Alonso-Ramírez Angie Carolina , Araque-Amaya Consuelo María , Márquez-Rosales Benjamín Alexander , Calderón-Martínez Ernesto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetic striatopathy, also known as nonketotic hyperglycemia-induced hemichorea, is a rare neurological complication of diabetes and is characterized by hemichorea or hemiballismus associated with hyperdense changes on computed tomography (CT) or hyperintensities on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences in the contralateral basal ganglia in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. A number of theories have been proposed regarding the pathophysiology of this disease, including petechial hemorrhage, mineral deposition, myelin destruction, and infarction with astrocytosis. Glycemic control is usually the first-line treatment, followed by antidopaminergic medications less often, which results in symptom improvement.
Case presentation:
A 68-year-old female patient with a history of non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypothyroidism presented to the emergency department with stereotyped choreic movements predominantly affecting the left side of her body, associated with moderate shoulder and posterior neck pain, dysarthria and left hemiparesis. On physical examination, choreic movements were observed on the left side of the body, trunk, and head with mild left hemiparesis and dysarthria. Initial investigations revealed hyperglycemia (hemoglobin A1c 11.1%) and decreased renal function (creatinine 1.51 mg/dl), with a normal CT scan of the brain. She was initially prescribed levodopa and amantadine, followed by valproic acid, without any improvement. MRI revealed a hyperintensity in the right lentiform nucleus, consistent with diabetic striatopathy. Internal medicine managed her comorbidities, optimizing her glycemic and blood pressure control. Quetiapine was initiated, leading to significant improvement. Symptomatic management with quetiapine was continued, and she was discharged with medication adjustments and a neurology follow-up appointment.
Conclusions
Diabetic striatopathy is a rare neurological condition that affects diabetic patients and can be commonly misdiagnosed when presented with other neurological symptoms. However, it is important for physicians to be aware of this condition because, if properly treated, it has a good prognosis and can lead to improved quality of life for patients.
Research on DXA bone density measurements and trabecular bone scores in obese Chinese women and men before and after bariatric surgery
Authors: You Huimin , Shang Jingjie , Huang Zhenjun , He Wenjun , Zheng Chunping , Xu Hao , Gong Jian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to analyze body composition, bone mineral density (BMD) parameters and the trabecular bone score (TBS) in obese patients before, 3 months after and 1 year after bariatric surgery as a method to evaluate the changes in BMD and skeletal microarchitecture (MA) in obese patients after bariatric surgery and to provide a basis for further accurate assessment of the bone health status of this population and subsequent treatment.
Methods
This study was a retrospective analysis of 167 patients who underwent bariatric surgery and DXA bone density measurements in our hospital from June 2017 to December 2022. Forty-one patients underwent DXA imaging before surgery and 3 months and 1 year after surgery. First, the changes in BMD and TBS before and after surgery were analyzed. Then, the changes in BMD and TBS before and after surgery were analyzed according to sex and obesity groups. Finally, the correlations between the TBS or BMD and body composition 1 year after surgery were analyzed.
Results
Before bariatric surgery, the Z scores of the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip and the BMD of the femoral neck of females were lower than those of males (p < 0.05), but the average values were normal. Changes in the BMD and TBS were related to time, the degree of obesity and sex. Changes in the TBS were closely related to changes in the BMD, and the trends in the changes in the BMD were basically the same among the different groups of obese individuals of different sexes. A negative correlation was observed between the TBS and fat percentage (total body, legs, trunk, android area) and the lumbar spine Z score in patients 1 year after bariatric surgery (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Bariatric surgery in obese patients has no obvious adverse effects on BMD or TBS. DXA can better evaluate the changes in BMD and MA in obese patients after bariatric surgery, providing a basis for the clinical evaluation of the postbariatric efficacy of bariatric surgery in obese patients and subsequent accurate assessment of the bone health status and treatment of this population.
Studies on floral organ Structure and female and male gametophyte development of Pseudosasa subsolida S. L. Chen &amp; G. Y. Sheng
Authors: Jiang Bonan , Cao Zhihua , Yang Dejia , Wang Yongmei , Ma Yingchun , Zhang Shiqi , Zhan Hui , Yu Lixia , Wang Shuguang , Li Juan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pseudosasa subsolida belongs to Poaceae Pseudosasa, Because of its unique flowering cycle of bamboo plants and the physiological characteristics of asexual reproduction, The acquisition of the floral material from Pseudosasa subsolida poses significant challenges. A comprehensive anatomical study on the floral organs and the development of female and male gametes of P. subsolida was conducted in 2021 at Southwest Forestry University (Kunming,Yunnan,China) to investigate the influencing factors of its low seed setting rate, utilizing routine paraffin section methods. The results revealed that the spikelet of P. subsolidaexhibited the characteristics of a pseudospikelet with a latent bud, while the inflorescence displayed traits of an infinite inflorescence. Each spikelet contained approximately 10–16 florets and was accompanied by two bracts at its base. The fundamental structure of the florets comprised one lemma, one palea, three lodicules, three stamens, and one pistil. Many anomalies were still observed at later stages of anther development. These abnormalities included the failure of pollen grain formation, shrinkage deformation in the drug sac and tapetum cells, and the absence of middle layer cells. Additionally, microspores appeared hollow with no discernible contents. The primary factor contributing to the low seed setting rate of P. subsolidawas the aberrant development of male gametophytes. The significance of this study lay in its pioneering exploration of the reproductive structure of P. subsolida,and provide a theoretical reference for the fundamental examination of flower structure.
First encounters with five non-native diaspidids in India
Authors: Joshi Sunil , Gouthami Desavath , Bhaskar Haseena , Ganganalli Sharanabasappa M. , Swamy Kalleshwara , Nand Satya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper focuses on the records of alien scale insects and their possible spread and probable threat to agricultural, horticultural crops and ornamentals grown indoors and outdoors. The scale insects were mostly collected in open fields, and indoor plants grown in residential and office areas. New records of the following alien armoured scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) are presented: Duplaspidiotus claviger (Cockerell), Lepidosaphes laterochitinosa Green, Kuwanaspis howardi (Cooley), Rutherfordia malloti (Rutherford) and Aulacaspis alisiana Takagi. Each of the five species is diagnosed with a combination of unique field and mounted identification characters. Ecological information on host plants, distribution, and economic importance is furnished.
Glyphosate affects the sporulation dynamics of Rhizophagus species more severely than mechanical defoliation or the contact herbicide diquat
Authors: Bastogne Bérengère , Buysens Catherine , Schtickzelle Nicolas , Lalaymia Ismahen , Declerck Stéphane 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are totally dependent on a suitable host plant for their carbon resources. Here, we investigated under in vitro conditions, the impact of defoliation practices, i.e. mechanical defoliation or chemical defoliation with a contact (Reglone®, containing the active ingredient diquat) or systemic (RoundUp®, containing the active ingredient glyphosate) herbicide, on the dynamics of spore production of Rhizophagus irregularis and Rhizophagus intraradices associated to Solanum tuberosum and/or Medicago truncatula. Glyphosate affected the spore production rate more rapidly and severely than diquat or mechanical defoliation. We hypothesize that this effect was related to the disruption of the C metabolism in the whole plant combined with a possible direct effect of glyphosate on the fungus within the roots and/or in the soil via the release of this active ingredient from decaying roots. No glyphosate could be detected in the roots due to technical constraints, while its release from the roots in the medium corresponded to 0.11% of the active ingredient applied to the leaves. The three defoliation practices strongly affected root colonization, compared to the non-defoliated plants. However, the amount of glyphosate released into the medium did not affect spore germination and germ tube growth. These results suggest that the effects of defoliation on the dynamics of spore production are mainly indirect via an impact on the plant, and that the effect is faster and more marked with the glyphosate-formulation, possibly via a direct effect on the fungus in the roots and more hypothetically on spore germination in the environment.
The Oomplet Dataset Toolkit: A flexible and extensible system for large-scale, multi-category image generation
Authors: Kasarda John P. , Zhang Angela , Tong Hua , Tan Yuan , Wang Ruizi , Verstynen Timothy , Tarr Michael 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Understanding the dynamics of perceptual learning in humans, non-human animals, and artificial agents requires large stimulus sets with flexible features that can be used to discriminate across categorical groups. Here we introduce the Oomplet Dataset Toolkit (ODT), an open-source, publicly available toolbox for generating up to 9.1 million unique visual stimuli that are assembled across ten different feature dimensions. The resulting stimuli consist of cartoon-like humanoid characters -- ''Oomplets'' -- that are meant to be engaging, pleasant to look at, and can be appropriately used in research on a variety of populations, including children. Across several behavioral experiments, we show how eight of the ten possible dimensions that define an individual Ooomplet can be used by adults as effective classification boundaries for simple perceptual discrimination. The ODT thus provides a flexible and customizable way for generating very large and novel stimulus sets in order to study perceptual learning in both biological and artificial systems.
Thermal Aging Analysis of Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymeric Thermal Interface Materials: Degradation and Performance Characteristics
Authors: Ramu S , Senthilkumar N , Raj Deepan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the degradation and performance characteristics of a composite made of carbon quantum particles (CQD), bamboo fiber, and aluminized glass fiber. It also looks at the thermal aging analysis of polymeric thermal materials. Carefully extracted from sugarcane bagasse, a sustainable byproduct, are the CQD particles. The fabrication process involves compression molding, ensuring that the composite conforms to ASTM standards during characterization. Thermal aging experiments are conducted in a hot air oven at a consistent temperature of 50 degrees Celsius, spanning durations of 120, 240, and 360 days. Finding out how thermal aging affects the composite's mechanical qualities, dielectric characteristics, fatigue resistance, and thermal conductivity is the main goal. Observations reveal a certain level of decline in all thermal aged specimens when compared to non-aged counterparts, where the non-aged specimens consistently exhibit superior values in all properties. However, the decline values are deemed negligible and manageable due to their low magnitudes. These reduced drop in values highlight the ways that carbon quantum particles, stacked bamboo fibers, and aluminized glass fiber reinforce one another. The minimal reduction in properties demonstrates the composite material's ability to withstand high-temperature environments without compromising its overall performance. This study contributes valuable insights into the durability and reliability of polymeric thermal materials. The implications extend to diverse applications, including insulation, electrical components, and structural reinforcements even at high temperature areas.
Prediction and analysis of anti-aging peptides using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Zhang Zhiyuan , Chen Yuanyuan , Chen Guozhong , Wang Mingyang , Pan Yuanyuan , Li Erguang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background The process of aging is an intrinsic and inevitable aspect of life, affecting every organism. Diseases associated with aging pose a significant challenge to global healthcare system. In recent years, with the application of peptide therapy in geriatric research, anti-aging peptides have emerged as a promising strategy for combating aging. These peptides, with their low immunogenicity and ease of synthesis, hold promise as potential therapeutics for aging. Consequently, the accurate identification and discovery of more anti-aging peptides is of paramount importance. However, to date, no computational methods have been employed by researchers to identify such peptides. Results In this study, we innovatively constructed a benchmark dataset of anti-aging peptides based on the biological functions and significance of these peptides. Subsequently, we proposed Antiaging-FL, a prediction model based on feature representation learning and machine learning, to predict anti-aging peptides. The results indicate that Antiaging-FL achieved an AUC, ACC, and MCC value of 1.0, 0.997, and 0.995, respectively, on the AAP400 dataset, and an AUC, ACC, and MCC value of 0.99, 0.97, and 0.95, respectively, on the test set, demonstrating excellent predictive performance. Conclusions We have developed a powerful bioinformatics tool, Antiaging-FL, to expedite the discovery of new putative anti-aging peptides. In the future, Antiaging-FL could assist researchers in related fields and provide insights into the functional mechanisms of anti-aging peptides, while also guiding drug development in aging research.
A Two-Phase Bootstrap Approach to Facilitate Conversion from Text to Semantic Graph
Authors: Abd-Elrahem Mohamed , El-gamal salwa , Abd-Elfattah Besheer , Zaki Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a two-phase un-learnable approach to convert a text to its semantic graph. In the first phase: divide and conquer, the input text is divided into small pieces manageable by the available text to graph conversion tool (e.g.: Senna). This phase as such yields a collection of small subgraphs that don’t represent the entire text as a whole, however each individual small subgraph represents a corresponding piece of input text. In the second phase: focus attention, the underlying subgraphs are appended together by making use of a bootstrap algorithm to provide a strongly connected single graph that represents the entire input text. In the two phases, both SRL and RDF are considered and thoroughly explained. Accordingly, the corresponding two algorithms on divide and conquer and focus attention are bootstrapped (for both SRL and RDF), are evaluated and compared. The implementation of the such algorithms has indicated that this approach can be used with advantages of being simple, fast, straightforward and practical, which makes it attractive for those NLP researchers who are interested in converting texts to semantic graphs.
Mitigation of Lps-induced Anxiety and Oxidative Stress Through Mitragynine: Targeting Tlr-4 and Mda Modulation
Authors: Faiz Hanisah Muhammad , Abdullah Muhammad Hazim , Yunusa Suleiman , Has Ahmad Tarmizi Che , Hassan Zurina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Neuroinflammation marked by increased toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 expression contributes to the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. Mitragynine, an indole alkaloid derived from the kratom plant (Mitragyna speciosa Korth), shows promise as a potential pharmacotherapeutic agent for anxiety due to its anti-inflammatory activity. However, the mechanism involved in its anxiolytic effect remains unclear.
Aims: This study investigated the effects of mitragynine on anxiety-like behaviours, TLR4 expression and oxidative stress in the frontal cortex of rats treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Methodology: Rats received a single 1 mg/kg LPS injection intraperitoneally (i.p.) to induce anxiety. Mitragynine was then administered at the doses of 1, 5 or 10 mg/kg body weight 1h post-LPS administration. Impact of mitragynine on anxiety was assessed using both open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM). TLR4 expression was measured using western blot, while oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, GPx, CAT) were measured using protein assays.
Results: Mitragynine ameliorated LPS-induced anxiety behaviours in the EPM. Mitragynine (5 and 10 mg/kg) reversed the effect of LPS on TLR4 expression in the rats’ brains. All doses of mitragynine reduced lipid peroxidation in the frontal cortex of LPS-treated rats.
Conclusion: Mitragyninemitigates LPS-induced anxiety by alleviating lipid peroxidation in the frontal cortex.
Bacterial Attachment and Junctional Transport Function in Induced Apical-Out Polarized and Differentiated Canine Intestinal Organoids
Authors: Yoshida Shino , Nakazawa Meg , Kawasaki Minae , Ambrosini Yoko. M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Dogs are increasingly recognized as valuable large animal models for understanding human intestinal diseases, as they naturally develop conditions similar to those in humans, such as EnterohemorrhagicE. coli,Clostridium difficileinfection, inflammatory bowel disease, and ulcerative colitis. Given the similarity in gut flora between dogs and humans, caninein vitrointestinal models are ideal for translational research. However, conventional extracellular matrix-embedded organoids present challenges in accessing the lumen, which is critical for gut function. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of inducing polarity reversal and differentiation in canine apical-out colonoids, evaluate their barrier integrity, and visualize host-pathogen interactions. Results Our results demonstrated successful polarity reversal and differentiation induction while maintaining barrier integrity. Polarity reversal allowed for enhanced observation of host-pathogen interactions, facilitating visual assessments and membrane integrity evaluations using both pathogenic and nonpathogenicE. coli. This process led to the downregulation of stem cell markerLGR5and upregulation of intestinal epithelial cell markerALPI, indicating differentiation. Further differentiation was observed with the use of a differentiation culture medium, resulting in significant upregulation ofALPIand goblet cell markerMUC2. Conclusion The findings suggest that apical-out canine colonoids can serve as physiologic and valuable models for studying the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical significance of intestinal diseases in dogs. This model has the potential to advance both canine and human gastrointestinal research, enhancing our understanding of gastrointestinal physiology and pathology, and aiding in the development of novel therapeutics.