bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social media platforms of reality drama: A study of selected Facebook accounts
Authors: Ehiemua Kingsley I. , Omoera Osakue S. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article undertakes a linguistic description of the spontaneous and ‘on-demand’ conversational language on social media platforms, using some Facebook accounts to explicate its pedagogical and aesthetic values from the premise that art is both instructive and entertaining. The spontaneous and on-demand conversational language of the Facebook is what this article refers to as ‘real-time’ language. This has become a major part of the inherently essential style of the Facebook and which qualifies it as a narrative similar to reality drama, if not exactly so. This study uses the personal Facebook chats of four Nigerians to affirm that the popularity of the Facebook Internet phenomenon in Nigeria is partly, but significantly, due to the artistic function of its conversational language and its dramatic potentials apart from the democratization, portability, accessibility and the interactiveness of the new media.
Strong solutions of the Boussinesq system in exterior domains
Authors: Komo Christian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We consider the instationary Boussinesq equations in a smooth three-dimensional exterior domain.
A strong solution is a weak solution such that the velocity field additionally satisfies Serrin's condition. The crucial point in this concept of a strong solution is the fact that we have required no additional integrability condition for the temperature. We present a sufficient criterion for the existence of such a strong solution. Further we will characterize the class of initial values that allow the existence of such a strong solution in a sufficiently small interval. Finally, we will obtain a uniqueness criterion for weak solutions of the Boussinesq equations which is based on the identification of a weak solution with a strong solution.
Public Education, Accountability, and Yardstick Competition in a Federal System
Authors: Mandel Philipp , Süssmuth Bernd 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Against the backdrop of a growing national and international accountability movement in education outcomes, this study sets up a simple model of yardstick competition with incumbent-disciplining effects through voters comparing performance measures of public education both across nations and federal states. It implies a potential strategic dilemma where a single top-performance state can block reform measures that could benefit low-performance states more than would do for itself. The linchpin predictions of the model are tested by analyzing announcement effects of student achievement tests on vote and popularity (VP) functions of German national and state government incumbents.
An investigation on mechanical failure of hip joint using finite element method
Authors: Sofuoglu Hasan , Cetin Mehmet Emin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of this work was to study how the stress distributions of the hip joint’s components were changed if the activity was switched from walking to stair climbing for three different prostheses types subjected to either concentrated or distributed load. In the scope of the study, three different cemented prostheses, namely, Charnley, Muller, and Hipokrat were used for cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) reconstruction. The finite element modeling of the hip joint with prosthesis was developed for both hip contact and muscle forces during walking and stair climbing activities. The finite element analyses were then pursued for both concentrated and distributed loading conditions applied statically on these models. Maximum von Mises stresses and strains occurred on the cortical and trabecular layers of bones; prosthesis and cement mantle were determined in order to investigate the mechanical failure of cemented THA reconstruction subjected to the different femoral loading and the activity conditions. This study showed that prosthesis, loading, and activity types had a significant effect on the stresses of components of the hip joint utilized for predicting mechanical failure of the cemented THA reconstruction.
Application of the extended clearance concept classification system (ECCCS) to predict the victim drug-drug interaction potential of statins
Authors: Kunze Annett , Poller Birk , Huwyler Jörg , Camenisch Gian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Background: During drug development, it is an important safety factor to identify the potential of new molecular entities to become a victim of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). In preclinical development, however, anticipation of clinical DDIs remains challenging due to the lack of in vivo human pharmacokinetic data.

Methods: We applied a recently developed in vitro-in vivo extrapolation method, including hepatic metabolism and transport processes, herein referred to as the Extended Clearance Concept Classification System (ECCCS). The human hepatic clearances and the victim DDI potentials were predicted for atorvastatin, cerivastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin acid, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin acid.

Results: Hepatic statin clearances were well-predicted by the ECCCS with six out of eight clearances projected within a two-fold deviation to reported values. In addition, worst-case DDI predictions were projected for each statin. Based on the ECCCS class assignment (4 classes), the mechanistic interplay of metabolic and transport processes, resulting in different DDI risks, was well-reflected by our model. Furthermore, predictions of clinically observed statins DDIs in combination with relevant perpetrator drugs showed good quantitative correlations with clinical observations.

Conclusions: The ECCCS represents a powerful tool to anticipate the DDI potential of victim drugs based on in vitro drug metabolism and transport data.
Herbaceous Plants for Climate Adaptation and Intensely Developed Urban Sites In Northern Europe: A Case Study From the Eastern Romanian Steppe
Authors: Sjöman Henrik , Bellan Patrick , Hitchmough James , Oprea Adrian 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn the increasingly compact city, services currently provided for in parks will in future be compressed into smaller green unit-structures, often associated with paved surfaces. Left-over spaces in urban environments, such as traffic roundabouts and strips along paths, roads and other corridors, will be important in the future city in order to deliver different eco-system services, especially stormwater management. It is therefore essential to start now to develop the knowledge and experience needed to create sustainable plantings for these sites. This paper presents the findings of a field survey in eastern Romania that sought to identify potential species for urban paved plantings in the Scandinavian region (northern Europe). The research approach is rooted in the hypothesis that studies of natural vegetation systems and habitats where plants are exposed to environmental conditions similar to those in inner-city environments can: 1) identify new or non-traditional species and genotypes adapted to urban environments; and 2) supply information and knowledge about their use potential concerning growth, flowering, life form, etc. In total, 117 different herbaceous species, all of which experience water stress regimes comparable to those in urban paved sites in Scandinavia. The initial information obtained from this field survey present a base of knowledge of which species that have a future potential for use in urban environment, which is of great importance in the following work within this project instead of testing species randomly without this knowledge of the species tolerance and performance in similar habitats.
Remote Sensing of Suspended Sediment Over Gulf of Martaban
Authors: Matamin Abd Rahman , Ahmad Fadhli , Mamat Mustafa , Abdullah Khiruddin , Harun Shahariah 
Published: May 2015

AbstractGulf of Martaban is located at the north of Andaman, and is one of the world most turbid areas. The presence of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the water body could reduce the underwater transmittance. This study has been conducted to investigate the variation of SSC over the Gulf of Martaban. Remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) of 667 nm is used as a proxy to represent the sediment SSC variation over the study area. The data for the period of July 2002 to March 2014 acquired from MODIS Aqua 4 km resolution are used in this study. As a result, there is no obvious yearly variation in the SSC cover area. The SSC variation over this study area is found to be seasonal. High homogenous SSC covers area observably during the northeast (NE) monsoon season that occurs from December to January. The sediment cover area could reach the latitude of 15°N that located at the south of the gulf. During southwest (SW) monsoon season that occurs from May to September, low and sparse SSC cover area is observed. As a consequence, the area covered by the SSC is higher during the NE monsoon season as compared to the SW monsoon season. Hence, the SSC cover area during the NE monsoon season is greater than the yearly averaged SSC cover area. Meanwhile the SSC cover area during the rainy SW monsoon season is less than the yearly and NE monsoon season.
Relationships Between Fungal Contamination and Some Physicochemical Properties of Rapeseeds
Authors: Janda Katarzyna , Markowska-Szczupak Agata 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate some properties of rapeseed, to determine the amount of fungi including thermotolerant and xerophilic species and to specify the correlations between some physical properties of rapeseed and the number of fungi. Material was 18 samples of rapeseeds. The characteristics of seeds included volumetric weight, impurities, pH, moisture, water activity, fat content, fat acidity and critical moisture of seeds. Number of fungi were investigated on RBA, YpSs, DG18 medium at 25, 37 and 45°C. Differences between amount of rapeseed impurities and fat acidity have been revealed. The number of fungi was diversified depending on medium and incubation temperature. The largest fungi number was isolated on DG18 at 25°C. Correlations between physicochemical properties of seeds and number of isolated fungi have been pointed out. Our study demonstrated that low pH values and weight by volume of seeds as well as high acidity of fat can be used as indicators of contamination of rapeseeds by fungi.
Behaviour and Ecological Impacts of Termites: Fecundity Investigations in Mounds
Authors: Wako Sutuma Edessa 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA radical study was conducted on the behaviour and ecological impacts of termites in Haru District of Western Oromia, Ethiopia. It was aimed at investigating the natural behaviour, fecundity in mounds, ecological impacts and recommending possible solutions to termite problems. Four mounds in different sites were vertically dug down to display the profile of the queen, soldiers, workers, number of laid eggs, nymphs and colonies of termites. On an average, termite queens of the study site may lay about 25 eggs per minute, 36, 000 eggs per day and 13, 140, 000 eggs annually. The fourth queen was unearthed to study the structure, size, number of ovaries and fecundity. It was examined that the death of a queen does not affect the colony, because four small queens are formed and one of them becomes the queen of queens and replaced the dead queen promptly. Accordingly, termites are found to be one of the most destructive agents of our ecosystems and their management requests careful and biological control methods. As a result, the negative effect of termites outweighs the positive effect of termites so that minimising the population size is important for human beings.
Emission of Harmful Gases from Poultry Farms and Possibilities of Their Reduction
Authors: Brouček Jan , Čermák Bohuslav 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis review is devoted to methodology that can help to assess emission of gases from poultry housings and could be used to expand the knowledge base of researchers, policymakers and farmers to maintain sustainable environment conditions for farming systems. Concentration and emission of ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide in poultry barns are discussed in this paper. Surveys of ammonia and greenhouse gases mean concentrations and emission factors in different poultry systems are showed. This paper is also gives the findings in emission mitigation, especially to different manure handling practices, management schemes, housing and facility designs for broilers and laying hens. Finally this paper focused on investigating practical means to reduce air emissions from animal production facilities.
Regularization strategy for determining laser beam quality parameters
Authors: Regińska Teresa , Regiński Kazimierz 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A simplified model of a laser beam leads to an ill-posed Cauchy problem for the Helmholtz equation on an infinite strip. In the case of large wave numbers, the problem corresponds to an operator equation with an unbounded operator. The first problem considered concerns optimality of a spectral type regularization method for reconstructing the radiation field from measurements given only on a part of the boundary. The optimal order of convergence, previously known for particular cases, is proved for an arbitrary wave number and for nonzero Dirichlet and Neumann conditions under a priori and a posteriori choice of a regularization parameter.
In the second part, the regularized solutions are employed to describe the geometrical properties of the beam and, in particular, to find approximate beam quality parameters such as the waist of the axial profile of the beam and its position. The mathematical considerations are preceded by a section where the main notions of laser beam optics are introduced and briefly explained.
The first solution of a long standing problem: Reconstruction formula
for a 3-d phaseless inverse scattering problem for the Schrödinger
equation
Authors: Klibanov Michael V. , Romanov Vladimir G. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A long standing problem is completely solved here for the first time. This
problem was posed by K. Chadan and P. C. Sabatier in their classical book
“Inverse Problems in Quantum Scattering Theory”, Springer,
New York, 1977. The inverse scattering problem of the reconstruction of the
unknown potential with a compact support in the three-dimensional Schrödinger equation
is considered. Only the modulus of the scattering complex-valued wave field
is known, whereas the phase is unknown. It is shown that the unknown
potential can be reconstructed via the inverse Radon transform. This
solution has potential applications in imaging of nanostructures.
A Test of the Long Memory Hypothesis Based on Self-Similarity
Authors: Davidson James , Rambaccussing Dooruj 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis paper develops a new test of true versus spurious long memory, based on log-periodogram estimation of the long memory parameter using skip-sampled data. A correction factor is derived to overcome the bias in this estimator due to aliasing. The procedure is designed to be used in the context of a conventional test of significance of the long memory parameter, and a composite test procedure is described that has the properties of known asymptotic size and consistency. The test is implemented using the bootstrap, with the distribution under the null hypothesis being approximated using a dependent-sample bootstrap technique to approximate short-run dependence following fractional differencing. The properties of the test are investigated in a set of Monte Carlo experiments. The procedure is illustrated by applications to exchange rate volatility and dividend growth series.
Study on the impact of Fe2P phase on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4
Authors: Ma Yuan , Liu Dajun 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The research on impurity in the lithium iron phosphate has been a hot topic. Especially when prepared by the solid state method, the impurities occurred easily through high-heat sintering. But some impurity is not completely bad for the cell performance, such as Fe2P. In this paper, the influence of Fe2P has been researched. Using the magnetic separation method, the high and low contents of Fe2P in lithium iron phosphate are obtained and then compared with the primary sample. Results show that the Fe2P phase helps to improve the rate and cycling performances, but a too high content will decrease the specific capacity of the sample due to the low content of active material. It is proven with the electrochemical measurement that the Fe2P phase could enhance the electrical conductivity of cathode, but it gives electrochemical inactivity. It can be concluded that the high rate or high capacity types LiFePO4 could be obtained by controlling the content of Fe2P through adjusting the preparation process.
Bank characteristics and the interbank money market: a distributional approach
Authors: Iori Giulia , Kapar Burcu , Olmo Jose 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper studies the relationship between bank characteristics, such as size, nationality, operating currency and sovereign debt in the parent country, and the distribution of funding spreads observed in the e-MID interbank money market during the Great financial crisis. Our setup is a pseudo-panel with a random number of international banks acting in the interbank market in each period. We develop new econometric tools for panel data with random effects and discrete covariates, such as a nonparametric kernel estimator of the distribution function of the response variable conditional on a set of covariates and a consistent test of first order stochastic dominance. Our empirical results, based on these tests, shed light on the survivorship bias in the e-Mid market, and reveal the existence of a risk premium on small banks, banks with currencies different from the Euro, and banks based on countries under sovereign debt distress in the periphery of the European Union. Finally we assess the impact of policy intervention in the aftermath of the financial crisis.
Complex Hadamard Matrices contained in a Bose–Mesner algebra
Authors: Ikuta Takuya , Munemasa Akihiro 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Acomplex Hadamard matrix is a square matrix H with complex entries of absolute value 1 satisfying
HH* = nI, where * stands for the Hermitian transpose and I is the identity matrix of order n. In this paper,
we first determine the image of a certain rational map from the d-dimensional complex projective space to
Cd(d+1)/2. Applying this result with d = 3, we give constructions of complex Hadamard matrices, and more
generally, type-II matrices, in the Bose–Mesner algebra of a certain 3-class symmetric association scheme.
In particular, we recover the complex Hadamard matrices of order 15 found by Ada Chan. We compute the
Haagerup sets to show inequivalence of resulting type-II matrices, and determine the Nomura algebras to
show that the resulting matrices are not decomposable into generalized tensor products.
Thermoelastic Simulations Based on Discontinuous Galerkin Methods: Formulation and Application in Gas Turbines
Authors: Hao Zengrong , Gu Chunwei , Song Yin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis study extends the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods to simulations of thermoelasticity. A thermoelastic formulation of interior penalty DG (IP-DG) method is presented and aspects of the numerical implementation are discussed in matrix form. The content related to thermal expansion effects is illustrated explicitly in the discretized equation system. The feasibility of the method for general thermoelastic simulations is validated through typical test cases, including tackling stress discontinuities caused by jumps of thermal expansive properties and controlling accompanied non-physical oscillations through adjusting the magnitude of IP term. The developed simulation platform upon the method is applied to the engineering analysis of thermoelastic performance for a turbine vane and a series of vanes with various types of simplified thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems. This analysis demonstrates that while TBC properties on heat conduction are generally the major consideration for protecting the alloy base vanes, the mechanical properties may have more significant effects on protections of coatings themselves. Changing characteristics of normal tractions on TBC/base interface, closely related to the occurrence of coating failures, over diverse components distributions along TBC thickness of the functional graded materials are summarized and analysed, illustrating the opposite tendencies in situations with different thermal-stress-free temperatures for coatings.
Note on the Equivalence of Variable Separation Solutions Based On the Improved tanh-Function Method
Authors: Kong Liang-Qian , Chen Xuan , Xu Ling , Dai Chao-Qing 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The equivalence of variable separation solutions based on the improved tanh-function method (ITM) for nonlinear models is illustrated. As an example, we restudy the (2+1)-dimensional generalised Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov system via the ITM. Based on the radical sign-combined ansatz, five types of variable separation solutions are obtained. By careful analysis, we prove that these seemingly independent variable separation solutions actually depend on each other.
EPR studies on carboxylic esters, 23 [1]. Preparation of new dialkyl azulenedicarboxylates and EPR-spectroscopic study of their radical anions
Authors: Voss Jürgen , Pesel Thomas , Buddensiek Dirk , Lehtivarjo Juuso 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSelected dialkyl azulenedicarboxylates were prepared by carbo-bromination of alkyl azulenemonocarboxylates and subsequent alcoholysis or by alkoxycarbonylcarbene insertion of ethyl indane-2-carboxylate. The electrochemical behavior of the diesters was studied by means of differential pulse polarography and cyclovoltammetry.In-situelectroreduction of the azulenedicarboxylic esters led to the corresponding radical anions, the EPR spectra of which were recorded. For certain radical anions a rearrangement under migration of the functional group from the 5- into the 6-position was observed. The spin density distribution in these non-alternantπ-electron systems as determined from the proton hyperfine structure (hfs) coupling constants was compared with the results of MO calculations and discussed with respect to the influence of substituents.
Interlaboratory Cooperative Study of the Precision and Accuracy of the Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide Content in the Atmosphere
Authors: Foster J. F. , Beatty G. H. 
Published: May 2015

Description
This report presents the results obtained from an experimental study of the accuracy and precision of the measurement of atmospheric levels of nitrogen dioxide using the Griess-Saltzman reaction according to ASTM Method D 1607(1). The evaluation of D 1607 was performed as part of the first phase of Project Threshold, a comprehensive program to validate ASTM methods of measuring various atmospheric contaminants, including also sulfur dioxide, lead, dustfall, total sulfation, and particulate matter in Phase 1.