bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aqiqah Dengan Ayam Dalam Tradisi Masyarkat Tilihuwa
Authors: Supriyanto Agus Jibu  , Frengki Eki Pulubuhu  , Hamsah Hudafi  
Published: July 2024

Aqiqah yaitu acara yang di lakukan umat Islam yang berkaitan dengan penyembelihan hewan seperti kambing dihari ke-tujuh dari kelahiran sang bayi. Tujuan aqiqah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana implementasi aqiqah dengan ayam dalam tradisi masyarakat di Kelurahan Tilihuwa Kecamatan Limboto Kabupaten Gorontalo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini yaitu menggunakan metode dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif di tinjau dari hukum Islam. Menggunakan pendekatan fikih dan budaya. Adapaun sumber data penelitian ini adalah tokoh agama,adat dan masyarakat. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi aqiqah dengan ayam pada masyarakat di Kelurahan Tilihuwa Kabupaten Gorontalo yaitu: pelaksanaan aqiqah harus menyembelih ayam putih, yang putih bulunya dan kakinya, sepasang jantan dan betina, dan pelaksanaannya dipotong hanya dibagian jenggernya dan dibacakan doa sebagaimana pemotongan kambing. Dasar melakukan aqiqah dengan ayam di Kelurahan Tilihuwa yaitu: karena tidak mampu untuk membeli kambing, menganggap bahwa itu sudah menjadi kebiasaan sejak dahulu sehingga mereka tetap melaksanakannya. Pandangan hukum Islam terhadap aqiqah dengan ayam dalam tradisi masyarakat Kelurahan Tilihuwa Kecamatan Limboto yaitu: bahwa para ulama tidak membenarkan aqiqah menggunakan hewan selain kambing. Namun masyarakat diKelurahan Tilihuwa menganggap bahwa hal itu dibolehkan karena secara perlakuan dari sisi materi yang dilakukan adalah ayam, dan kalau dilihat dari sisi subtansinya, dari sisi perlakuannya, sebenarnya hal itu tidak memenuhi unsur kewajiban agama yang menganjurkan, karena kambing dan ayam beda, tapi dari sisi substansial dan sisi kesyukuran menurut masyarakat Tilihuwa itu sudah memenuhi unsur agama yang penting mensyukuri kelahiran anak. Bagi tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama dan pemerintah hendaknya memberikan pemahaman dan pengarahan kepada warga sekitar terkait dengan pelaksanaan aqiqah dengan ayam.Bagi masyarakat Islam, penelitian ini diharapkan bisa mengetahui tentang hukum dalam melaksanakan aqiqah dengan ayam. Kata kunci: Aqiqah Ayam, Hukum Islam,Ttradisi
Changing penologies and European crime policy: Theory and practice in the global context. Introduction
Authors: Banach-Gutierrez Joanna Beata , Daems Tom , Hucklesby Anthea , Utrat-Milecki Jarosław 
Published: July 2024

This Special Issue deals with the significant questions about changing penologies and European crime policy. The discussed topics cover the general picture, trends and aim of today’s European penology. The focus is paid on the effectiveness of crime policy, its role in contemporary penology and fundamental values which are closely linked with human rights orientated approach. The issue of punishment and prison standards are also presented in the context of International and European standards. Furthermore, Scandinavian approach to crime policy is widely illustrated, especially based on the Finnish and Norwegian studies. W tym numerze specjalnym poruszane są istotne kwestie dotyczące zmieniających się penologii i europejskiej polityki karnej. Tematyka obejmuje ogólny obraz, kierunki i cele współczesnej penologii europejskiej. Nacisk położony jest na skuteczność polityki karnej, jej rolę we współczesnej penologii oraz podstawowe wartości, które są ściśle powiązane z podejściem zorientowanym na prawa człowieka. Zagadnienie kar i standardów więziennych ukazane jest także w kontekście standardów międzynarodowych i europejskich. Ponadto, szeroko zilustrowane jest skandynawskie podejście do polityki karnej, zwłaszcza w oparciu o badania fińskie i norweskie.
Evaluation of Exotic Sesame Germplasm for their Resistance Against (Antigastra catalaunalis) Duponchel
Authors: Swetha N. , Boopathi T. , Reddy C. Narendra , Yadav Praduman 
Published: July 2024

Aims: To evaluate 132 USDA germplasm for their resistance against sesame leaf webber A. catalaunalis.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design (RBD).
Methodology: Leaf webber incidence was recorded weekly in two seasons (2023, 2024) and the percent leaf damage was calculated. The data was subjected to statistical analysis. The germplasm were categorized based on the percent leaf damage in both seasons using a 1-9 scoring methodology. The combined mean analysis was also carried out, to obtain unbiased results. the germplasm were also categorized based on the combined analysis.
Results: In season 1, leaf damage by sesame leaf webber ranged from 0% to 97.96%, with PI 170757, PI 223014, and PI 285170 being pest-free, while PI 170726 had the highest damage (97.96%). Germplasm were categorized as highly resistant (48), resistant (31), moderately resistant (25), susceptible (13) and highly susceptible (15). In season 2, damage ranged from 0% to 97.30%, with PI 152498, PI 158045, PI 170757, PI 223014, and PI 285170 being pest-free and PI 170726 again having the highest damage (97.30%). Germplasm were categorized as highly resistant (35), resistant (36), moderately resistant (33), susceptible (12) and highly susceptible (16). Based on combined mean value analysis,
The germplasm were categorized as highly resistant (28), resistant (54), moderately resistant (21), susceptible (11), and highly susceptible (18).
Conclusion: The germplasm PI 170757, PI 223014, and PI 285170 were completely free from pest damage in both seasons and also based on combined mean analysis. Thus these germplasm are highly resistant against sesame leaf webber.
A Novel Approach to the Moving Average Distance and Isolation Forest Method for Forecasting Financial Time Series Data
Authors: Sihabuddin Agus , Rokhman Nur , Wibowo Mohammad Edi , Karim Abdul 
Published: July 2024

Aims: The main aim of this research is to propose a new approach to financial time series data feature extraction using Moving Average Distance combined with Isolation Forest.
Study Design: Building a feature extraction using Moving Average Distance and Isolation Forest for time series data.
Methodology: We propose a Moving Average Distance to calculate the distance of the recent price to a moving average as input for the Isolation Forest algorithm. The distance measurement used in this research is measured in daily periods of 2,3,4,5,10, and 20. This period variation is used to observe the effect of different short, medium, and long terms on the forecasting accuracy. This moving average distance and isolation forest combination enrich the feature used as input for LSTM as a forecasting algorithm.
Results: The daily S&P 500 and SSE index are used as datasets to test the proposed method. The research results showed that the proposed method outperformed the accuracy of previous research. The 3-daily period of moving average distance was the best parameter for the model and gave the best accuracy performance measure for both datasets; we found that the more extended period than that tends to reduce the accuracy.
Conclusion: Our experimental results showed that the proposed method improves the ability of LSTM as a time series forecasting algorithm and outperforms the previous research results.
Resonance broadening due to particle scattering and mode coupling in the quasi‐linear relaxation of electron beams
Authors: Bian Nicolas H. , Kontar Eduard P. , Ratcliffe Heather 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOf particular interest for radio and hard X‐ray diagnostics of accelerated electrons during solar flares is the understanding of the basic nonlinear mechanisms regulating the relaxation of electron beams propagating in turbulent plasmas. In this work, it is shown that in addition to scattering of beam electrons, scattering of the beam‐generated Langmuir waves via for instance mode coupling can also result in broadening of the wave‐particle resonance. We obtain a resonance‐broadened version of weak turbulence theory with mode coupling to ion sound modes. Resonance broadening is presented here as a unified framework which can quantitatively account for the reduction and possible suppression of the beam instability due to background scattering of the beam electrons themselves or due to scattering of the beam‐generated Langmuir waves in fluctuating plasmas. Resonance broadening being essentially equivalent to smoothing of the electron phase space distribution is used to construct an intuitive physical picture for the stability of inverted populations of fast electrons that are commonly observed in situ to propagate in the solar wind.
Impact of Aquarius sea surface salinity observations on coupled forecasts for the tropical Indo‐Pacific Ocean
Authors: Hackert Eric , Busalacchi Antonio J. , Ballabrera‐Poy Joaquim 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study demonstrates the impact of gridded in situ and Aquarius sea surface salinity (SSS) on coupled forecasts for August 2011 until February 2014. Assimilation of all available subsurface temperature (ASSIM_Tz) is chosen as the baseline and an optimal interpolation of all in situ salinity (ASSIM_Tz_SSSIS) and Aquarius SSS (ASSIM_Tz_SSSAQ) are added in separate assimilation experiments. These three are then used to initialize coupled experiments. Including SSS generally improves NINO3 sea surface temperature anomaly validation. For ASSIM_Tz_SSSIS, correlation is improved after 7 months, but the root mean square error is degraded with respect to ASSIM_Tz after 5 months. On the other hand, assimilating Aquarius gives significant improvement versus ASSIM_Tz for all forecast lead times after 5 months. Analysis of the initialization differences with the baseline indicates that SSS assimilation results in an upwelling Rossby wave near the dateline. In the coupled model, this upwelling signal reflects at the western boundary eventually cooling the NINO3 region. For this period, coupled models tend to erroneously predict NINO3 warming, so SSS assimilation corrects this defect. Aquarius is more efficient at cooling the NINO3 region since it is relatively more salty in the eastern Pacific than in situ SSS which leads to increased mixing and upwelling which in turn sets up enhanced west‐to‐east SST gradient and intensified Bjerknes coupling. A final experiment that uses subsampled Aquarius at in situ locations infers that high‐density spatial sampling of Aquarius is the reason for the superior performance of Aquarius versus in situ SSS.
A diameter‐sensitive flow entropy method for reliability consideration in water distribution system design
Authors: Liu Haixing , Savić Dragan , Kapelan Zoran , Zhao Ming , Yuan Yixing , Zhao Hongbin 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFlow entropy is a measure of uniformity of pipe flows in water distribution systems. By maximizing flow entropy one can identify reliable layouts or connectivity in networks. In order to overcome the disadvantage of the common definition of flow entropy that does not consider the impact of pipe diameter on reliability, an extended definition of flow entropy, termed as diameter‐sensitive flow entropy, is proposed. This new methodology is then assessed by using other reliability methods, including Monte Carlo Simulation, a pipe failure probability model, and a surrogate measure (resilience index) integrated with water demand and pipe failure uncertainty. The reliability assessment is based on a sample of WDS designs derived from an optimization process for each of the two benchmark networks. Correlation analysis is used to evaluate quantitatively the relationship between entropy and reliability. To ensure reliability, a comparative analysis between the flow entropy and the new method is conducted. The results demonstrate that the diameter‐sensitive flow entropy shows consistently much stronger correlation with the three reliability measures than simple flow entropy. Therefore, the new flow entropy method can be taken as a better surrogate measure for reliability and could be potentially integrated into the optimal design problem of WDSs. Sensitivity analysis results show that the velocity parameters used in the new flow entropy has no significant impact on the relationship between diameter‐sensitive flow entropy and reliability.
Future snowfall in western and central Europe projected with a high‐resolution regional climate model ensemble
Authors: de Vries Hylke , Lenderink Geert , van Meijgaard Erik 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSnowfall frequency and intensity are influenced strongly by climate change. Here we separate the basic frequency change resulting from a gradually warming climate, from the intensity changes, by focusing on snowfall on days where the mean temperature is below freezing (Hellmann days). Using an ensemble of simulations, obtained with the high‐resolution regional climate model KNMI‐RACMO2 driven by the EC‐EARTH global climate model and RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 forcing scenarios, we show that in addition to the strong decrease in the number of Hellmann days, also a substantial reduction in the mean Hellmann‐day snowfall can be expected over large parts of western and central Europe. Moreover, seasonal snowfall extremes display trends that are comparable or even larger. Projected intensity reductions are locally as large as −30% per degree warming, thus being in sharp contrast to mean winter precipitation, which increases in most future climate scenarios. Exceptions are the high Alps and parts of Scandinavia, which may see an increase of up to +10% per degree warming.
The radiative impact of clouds on the shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone
Authors: Voigt Aiko , Bony Sandrine , Dufresne Jean‐Louis , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWhereas it is well established that clouds are important to changes in Earth's surface temperature, their impact on changes of the large‐scale atmospheric circulation is less well understood. Here we study the radiative impact of clouds on the shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in response to hemispheric surface albedo forcings. The problem is approached using aquaplanet simulations with four comprehensive atmosphere models. The radiative impact of clouds on the ITCZ shift differs in sign and magnitude across models and is responsible for half of the model spread in the ITCZ shift. The model spread is dominated by tropical clouds whose radiative impact is linked to the dependence of their cloud radiative properties on the circulation. The simulations not only demonstrate the importance of clouds for circulation changes but also propose a way to reduce the model uncertainty in ITCZ shifts.
Detecting decadal scale increases in anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean
Authors: Kouketsu Shinya , Murata Akihiko M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe used two methods to evaluate the uncertainty of estimates of decadal scale increases of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean: analysis of changes along observation sections and analysis of gridded data produced by a statistical model. Both methods yielded similar results, although some differences were apparent. Clear differences existed where large estimation uncertainties were associated with the use of gridded data. The sparsity of observations and influences of isopycnal heaving, water mass shifts, and other factors accounted for the large uncertainties of the estimates. Our results clearly indicated that more frequent observations will be necessary to understand anthropogenic CO2 changes around Antarctica, which is an important anthropogenic CO2 sink. The rate of increase of global anthropogenic CO2 storage in the most recent decade was estimated to be 28.7 Pg C decade−1 on the basis of changes along sections, which is a little larger than previous estimates based on model studies. The uncertainty based on the statistical method was as much as ±4.4 Pg C decade−1.
Solar cycle, seasonal, and diurnal variations of subauroral ion drifts: Statistical results
Authors: He Fei , Zhang Xiao‐Xin , Chen Bo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe solar cycle, seasonal, and diurnal variations of the subauroral ion drifts (SAIDs) are investigated for the first time to use such a large database of 18,226 SAID events observed by the DMSP satellites during 1987–2012. Statistical results show that SAIDs occur mostly at 60.1° invariant latitude and 2230 magnetic local time with a typical half width of 0.57°, move equatorward during high solar activities with large widths, and have two occurrence peaks in spring and fall equinoxes and two valleys in summer and winter solstices. The seasonal variation of SAID latitude has two valleys in spring and fall, and SAID width has a valley distribution with a minimum in summer. SAIDs exhibit a clear day‐to‐night difference in latitude. The diurnal variation of SAID width has a morning valley and an afternoon peak. The generation mechanism of SAID associated with the electron precipitation and the downward field‐aligned current is also supported in this study.
Socio‐environmental variables associated with malnutrition and intestinal parasitoses in the child population of Misiones, Argentina
Authors: Zonta María L. , Oyhenart Evelia E. , Navone Graciela T. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesThe aim was to analyze the socio‐environmental variables associated with malnutrition and intestinal parasitoses in children from Aristóbulo del Valle, Province of Misiones (Argentina).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed in 2,291 schoolchildren (age, 4–14 years). Body weight and height were measured and body mass index was calculated. NHANES III reference was used to estimate the nutritional status—underweight, stunting, wasting, overweight, and obesity. The parasitological analysis was performed by fecal and anal brush samples. The socio‐environmental variables were surveyed using a semi‐structured questionnaire. These variables were processed by categorical principal component analysis (cat‐PCA).ResultsThe two first axes defined four subgroups of schoolchildren: three of these were associated with urban characteristics (high, middle, and periurban), whereas the remaining subgroup was considered rural. Stunting and parasitic infections occurred mainly in the periurban group, that is the group of higher socio‐environmental vulnerability. On the other hand, the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity and the lowest parasitism was observed in the high urban group.ConclusionsThe similarity between rural and middle urban groups in stunting prevalence reveals that cities are not healthier than rural environments. On the contrary, the fact that the rural group presents the lowest prevalence of overweight reaffirms that poverty and malnutrition are progressively moving from rural to urban areas, and that rural children have still more diverse and healthy diets favored by the consumption of homemade products (i.e., orchards, animal husbandry, etc.), placing them at an earlier stage of the nutrition transition. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:609–616, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, self‐assembly, and drug release behavior of star‐shaped poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐b‐poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer with porphyrin core
Authors: Feng Zhao , Zhi‐Ming Wang , Ya‐Fei Huang , Xiao‐Hui Dai , Yan‐Ru Ge , Jian‐Ming Pan , Yong‐Sheng Yan , Sun Lin 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTA serial of star‐shaped poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐b‐poly(ethylene oxide) (SPPCL‐b‐PEO) block copolymers with porphyrin core were successfully synthesized from ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ε‐caprolactone (CL) initiated with porphyrin core, followed by coupling reaction with a hydrophilic polymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) shell. The structure of this novel copolymer were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Notably, the as‐prepared porphyrin‐cored star‐shaped copolymer could self‐assembly into different structures determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic lighting scattering (DLS), which provides the great potential of using this well‐defined photodynamic therapy material for drug delivery system. Particularly, the doxorubicin‐loaded SPPCL‐b‐PEO nanosphere exhibits property of pH‐induced drug release. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40996.
Thermal conductivity of filled sol‐gel‐derived hybrid materials
Authors: Pihale Sven , Eder Florian , Kroke Edwin 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTA novel sol‐gel‐based hybrid material has been synthesized from organofunctional silanes and aluminates via hydrolysis and condensation reactions. The hybrid material was—in comparison to a silicone rubber—filled with equal amounts of metal filler particles in order to investigate the effective thermal conductivity. The data obtained were compared with theoretical models available in literature to gain understanding of mechanisms responsible for the measured conductivities. Samples were prepared via casting and spin‐coating techniques on Teflon® and silicon substrates and characterized using laser flash analysis (LFA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was demonstrated, that the hybrid material with an aluminum content of 40 vol % offers the possibility to achieve an up to five times higher thermal conductivity than filled silicone references. The influence of thermal transition between matrix material and filler was evaluated by a sandwich‐layer setup. The results suggest that increased thermal conductivity is also caused by the lower thermal resistance and improved interphase connections within the hybrid material. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 41037.
Steep Increase in Myonuclear Domain Size During Infancy
Authors: Delhaas Tammo , Van der Meer Sander F.T. , Schaart Gert , Degens Hans , Drost Maarten R. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe investigated whether myonuclear number increases in proportion to the increase in fiber size during maturational growth of skeletal muscle. Thoraco‐abdominal muscle tissue was obtained from twenty 6‐day to 15‐year‐old boys and girls during cardiothoracic surgery. Cross‐sections were stained by anti‐laminin for the basal lamina and by DAPI to identify nuclei. Basal lamina was traced on digital images to measure the fiber cross‐sectional area (FCSA). Nuclei located within the basal lamina were considered myonuclei if pax7‐negative and satellite cell nuclei if pax7‐positive. Samples of two children were excluded from analysis because of clear signs of hypoxia as shown by positive carbonic anhydrase IX staining. Linear regression showed that FCSA increased with age by 187 μm2·per annum (R2 = 0.90; P < 0.001). Satellite cell density showed a dramatic decrease in the first months of life, but this was not accompanied by an increase in myonuclei per muscle fiber cross‐section. Till four years of age the number of myonuclei per muscle fiber cross‐section remained relatively constant but increased thereafter. Myonuclear domain size showed a steep increase during infancy and reached adult values in the young adolescent phase. Anat Rec, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.