bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Larvicidal activity of the essential oil from Tetradium glabrifolium fruits and its constituents against Aedes albopictus
Authors: Liu Xin Chao , Liu Qiyong , Chen Xu Bo , Zhou Ligang , Liu Zhi Long 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn our screening programme for new agrochemicals from wild plants, the essential oil of Tetradium glabrifolium (Champ. ex Benth.) T.G. Hartley fruits was found to possess strong larvicidal activity against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus L. The essential oil was extracted via hydrodistillation, and the constituents were determined by GC‐MS analysis. The active compounds were isolated and identified by bioassay‐directed fractionation.RESULTSGC‐MS analyses revealed the presence of 19 components with 2‐tridecanone (43.38%), 2‐undecanone (24.09%), D‐limonene (13.01%), caryophyllene (5.04%) and β‐elemene (4.07%) being the major constituents. Bioactivity‐directed chromatographic separation of the oil led to the isolation of 2‐tridecanone, 2‐undecanone and D‐limonene as active compounds. The essential oil of T. glabrifolium exhibited larvicidal activity against the early fourth‐instar larvae of A. albopictus, with an LC50 value of 8.20 µg mL−1. The isolated constituent compounds, 2‐tridecanone, 2‐undecanone and D‐limonene, possessed strong larvicidal activity against the early fourth‐instar larvae of A. albopictus, with LC50 values of 2.86, 9.95 and 41.75 µg mL−1 respectively.CONCLUSIONThe findings indicated that the essential oil of T. glabrifolium fruits and the three constituents have an excellent potential for use in control of A. albopictus larvae and could be useful in the search for newer, safer and more effective natural compounds as larvicides. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
The Long and Short of Genetic Counseling Summary Letters: A Case–control Study
Authors: Roggenbuck J. , Temme R. , Pond D. , Baker J. , Jarvis K. , Liu M. , Dugan S. , Mendelsohn N. J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGenetic counseling summary letters are intended to reinforce information received during genetic counseling, but little information is available on patient/family responses to these letters. We conducted a case–control study to assess the effectiveness of two different letter formats. Parents of children receiving a new diagnosis were enrolled. The control group (n = 85) received a genetic counseling summary letter in a narrative format, 4–5 pages in length. After the control enrollment period, genetic counselors were trained by a professional medical writer to develop a concise letter format. The case group (n = 64) received a concise letter, approximately 1.5 pages in length, utilizing simple sentences, lay terms, and lists/bullet points. Parents completed a survey 4 weeks after the visit to rate the letter's format, usefulness, and their emotional reaction. Results show that parents in the case group rated the letter more highly (p = 0.023), particularly in the emotional response dimension (rating changes in anxiety, depression, fear, ability to cope, and confidence in response to the letter). Parents in the case group also rated the genetic counseling session more highly (p = 0.039). In the control group, parents without a college degree were more likely to rate the letter as too long and the level of medical detail as too high. In the case group, no significant differences were seen between parents with or without a college degree. These data suggest that a short genetic counseling summary letter is rated higher by parents, and is particularly associated with a more positive emotional reaction. A short letter format highlighting the basic facts related to the genetic condition may be more useful to parents of diverse educational backgrounds, and may support a positive emotional adaptation at the time of a new diagnosis. Genetic counselors may benefit from specific instruction in medical and educational writing.
KLK1 and ZG16B proteins and arginine–proline metabolism identified as novel targets to monitor atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome and recovery
Authors: Martin-Lorenzo Marta , Zubiri Irene , Maroto Aroa S. , Gonzalez-Calero Laura , Posada-Ayala Maria , de la Cuesta Fernando , Mourino-Alvarez Laura , Lopez-Almodovar Luis F. , Calvo-Bonacho Eva , Ruilope Luis M. , Padial Luis R. , Barderas Maria G. , Vivanco Fernando , Alvarez-Llamas Gloria 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We pursued here the identification of specific signatures of proteins and metabolites in urine which respond to atherosclerosis development, acute event and/or recovery. An animal model (rabbit) of atherosclerosis was developed and molecules responding to atherosclerosis silent development were identified. Those molecules were investigated in human urine from patients suffering an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), at onset and discharge. Kallikrein1 (KLK1) and zymogen granule protein16B (ZG16B) proteins, and l-alanine, l-arabitol, scyllo-inositol, 2-hydroxyphenilacetic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid metabolites were found altered in response to atherosclerosis progression and the acute event, composing a molecular panel related to cardiovascular risk. KLK1 and ZG16B together with 3-hydroxybutyric acid, putrescine and 1-methylhydantoin responded at onset but also showed normalized levels at discharge, constituting a molecular panel to monitor recovery. The observed decreased of KLK1 is in alignment with the protective mechanism of the kallikrein–kinin system. The connection between KLK1 and ZG16B shown by pathway analysis explains reduced levels of toll-like receptor 2 described in atherosclerosis. Metabolomic analysis revealed arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism and degradation of ketone bodies as the three main pathways altered. In conclusion, two novel urinary panels of proteins and metabolites are here for the first time shown related to atherosclerosis, ACS and patient’s recovery.
Detergency of Vegetable Oils and Semi‐Solid Fats Using Microemulsion Mixtures of Anionic Extended Surfactants: The HLD Concept and Cold Water Applications
Authors: Do Linh D. , Attaphong Chodchanok , Scamehorn John F. , Sabatini David A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn spite of the increasing interest in cold temperature detergency of vegetable oils and fats, very limited research has been published on this topic. Extended surfactants have recently been shown to produce very promising detergency with vegetable oils at ambient temperature. However, the excessive salinity requirement (4–14 %) for these surfactants has limited their use in practical applications. In this work, we investigated the mixture of a linear C10–18PO–2EO–NaSO4 extended surfactant and a hydrophobic twin‐tailed sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate surfactant for cold temperature detergency of vegetable oils and semi‐solid fats. Four vegetable oils of varying melting points (from −10 to 28 °C) were studied, these were canola, jojoba, coconut and palm kernel oils. Anionic surfactant mixtures showed synergism in detergency performance compared to single surfactant systems. At temperatures above the melting point, greater than 90 % detergency was achieved at 0.5 % NaCl. While detergency performance decreased at temperatures below the melting point, it was still superior to that of a commercial detergent (up to 80 vs. 40 %). Further, results show that the experimental microemulsion phase behaviors correlated very well with predictions from the hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation concept.
Oxidized Low‐Density Lipoprotein Inhibits THP‐1‐Derived Macrophage Autophagy via TET2 Down‐regulation
Authors: Li Guohua , Peng Juan , Liu Yanhui , Li Xiaohong , Yang Qin , Li Yongqing , Tang Zhihan , Wang Zuo , Jiang Zhisheng , Wei Dangheng 
Published: December 2014

AbstractOxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) is an independent risk factor of atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism underlying its pro‐atherosclerosis roles has not yet been well explored. DNA demethylation modification, via DNA methyltransferases or ten‐eleven‐translocation (TET) family, is a crisis epigenetic regulation for various biological and pathological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ox‐LDL on macrophage autophagy and its potential epigenetic mechanism. Results showed that after treatment with 0, 10, 20, 40 or 80 mg/L ox‐LDL for 24 h, the autophagy markers Beclin 1 and LC3 expression were obviously decreased at protein levels (P < 0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of TET2 was evidently decreased (P < 0.05). After pre‐treatment with TET2 siRNA, the mRNA and protein levels of Beclin 1 and LC3 decreased compared with the 80 mg/L treatment group (P < 0.01). The mRNA and protein levels of Beclin 1 and LC3‐II were up‐regulated (P < 0.05) in the 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) of pretreatment group. Consistent with the Western blot results, cell immunofluorescence showed that the protein concentration of LC3‐II decreased in the TET2 siRNA group and increased in the 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine group. Taken together, these results showed that DNA demethylation modifications regulate ox‐LDL‐treated THP‐1 macrophages autophagy and TET2 might be a novel regulator.
Preparation of 1,3‐Diolein by Irreversible Acylation
Authors: Wang Xiaosan , Han Zhengyang , Zou Wanzhen , Yang Wan , Jin Qingzhe , Wang Xingguo 
Published: December 2014

AbstractEarlier findings on the nutritional benefits of diacylglycerols (DAGs) have attracted much attention on the synthesis of DAGs. In this study, we reported an improved method for the lipase‐catalyzed synthesis of 1,3‐diolein by the irreversible glycerolysis of vinyl oleate with glycerol. The effects of reaction system, lipase loading, molar ratio of vinyl oleate to glycerol, reaction temperature and time on 1,3‐diolein content in crude reaction mixture were investigated. When the reaction was conducted in a solvent‐free system at 30 °C for 8 h by reacting 2 mmol vinyl oleate with 1 mmol glycerol with 8 % (w/w, relative to total reactants) Lipozyme RM IM (Novozymes, Beijing, China) as catalyst, there were 90.5 ± 2.9 % (area/area) 1,3‐diolein and (3.3 ± 0.3) % 1,2‐diolein produced. After purification, 1,3‐diolein was obtained at 81.4 % yield with 98.2 % purity. The lipase‐catalyzed synthesis of 1,3‐diolein using vinyl oleate as acyl donor by glycerolysis was also conducted using a medium with 50 mmol of glycerol and 100 mmol vinyl oleate. Compared to enzymatic esterification in a solvent, enzymatic glycerolysis for the synthesis 1,3‐diolein is more effective due to the irreversible reaction, mild due to the low reaction temperature, and environmentally benign due to the use of solvent‐free reaction system.
Misattributing speech and jumping to conclusions: A longitudinal study in people at high risk of psychosis
Authors: Winton-Brown T.T. , Broome M.R. , Allen P. , Valli I. , Howes O. , Garety P.A. , Johns L.C. , McGuire P. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBiases in cognition such as Jumping to Conclusions (JTC) and Verbal Self-Monitoring (VSM) are thought to underlie the formation of psychotic symptoms. This prospective study in people with an At Risk Mental State (ARMS) for psychosis examined how these cognitive biases changed over time, and predicted clinical and functional outcomes. Twenty-three participants were assessed at clinical presentation and a mean of 31 months later. Performance on a JTC and VSM tasks were measured at both time points. Relationships to symptom severity, level of function and the incidence of psychotic disorder were then examined. The levels of symptoms, function and VSM all improved over time, while JTC was stable. Five participants (22%) developed a psychotic disorder during the follow-up period, but the risk of transition was not related to performance on either task at baseline, or to longitudinal changes in task performance. JTC performance correlated with symptom severity at baseline and follow-up. Similarly, performance on the two tasks was not related to the level of functioning at follow-up. Thus, while the ARMS is associated with both VSM and JTC biases, neither predict the onset of psychosis or the overall functional outcome.
Necessary Metacarpophalangeal Joints Range of Motion to Maintain Hand Function
Authors: Hayashi Hiroyuki , Shimizu Hideki , Okumura Shoji , Miwa Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2014

Objective/Background This study was conducted to ascertain the necessary flexion or extension range of motion (ROM) required for the finger metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints to maintain hand function. Methods Twenty-one healthy adults were recruited for participation in this study. Each participant's right-hand function was evaluated using the Jebsen–-Taylor hand function test and the O'Connor finger dexterity test. Experiment 1 was conducted to assess the influence of the orthosis on hand function. The function of each participant's right hand was measured without an orthosis, with all the finger MCP joints limited to 90° of flexion and 45° of hyperextension. Experiment 2 was conducted to evaluate the impact of limited flexion and extension of all the MCP joints on hand function. The movements of all the finger MCP joints were limited to 70°, 60°, 50°, and 40° of flexion and 20°, 30°, 40°, and 50° of extension lag using orthoses. Results No significant difference was found between a normal hand and a hand with either flexion of 90° or hyperextension of 45° in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, no significant difference was found between a normal hand and a hand for which the flexion angle was 70°, with an extension lag of 30° or 20°. Conclusion The necessary ROMs of the MCP joints to maintain hand function are flexion ROM >70° with an extension ROM <30° of extension lag.
Carotid plaque as a predictor of dementia in older adults: The Three‐City Study
Authors: Carcaillon Laure , Plichart Matthieu , Zureik Mahmoud , Rouaud Olivier , Majed Bilal , Ritchie Karen , Tzourio Christophe , Dartigues Jean‐François , Empana Jean‐Philippe 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe contribution of carotid atherosclerosis to incident dementia remains unclear. We examined the association between carotid plaques (CP) and common carotid intima media thickness (CCA‐IMT) with incident dementia and its subtypes, and their added value for dementia risk prediction.MethodsAt baseline, 6025 dementia‐free subjects aged 65–86 years underwent bilateral carotid ultrasonography measures of CP and plaque‐free CCA‐IMT. Subjects were followed‐up over 7 years for the detection of dementia.ResultsAfter a mean 5.4 years of follow‐up, 421 subjects developed dementia including 272 Alzheimer's disease and 83 vascular/mixed dementia (VaD). Only CP were independently related to VaD (HR≥2 sites with plaques = 1.92; 95% confidence interval or CI = 1.13–3.22) and improved VaD risk prediction (continuous Net Reclassification Index = 30.1%; 95%CI = 8.4–51.7) beyond known dementia risk factors. Accounting for stroke or competing risk by death marginally modified the results.ConclusionIn older adults, CP are independent predictors of incident VaD and may improve VaD risk prediction.
Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: Common pathways, common goals
Authors: Hartley Dean , Blumenthal Thomas , Carrillo Maria , DiPaolo Gilbert , Esralew Lucille , Gardiner Katheleen , Granholm Ann-Charlotte , Iqbal Khalid , Krams Michael , Lemere Cynthia , Lott Ira , Mobley William , Ness Seth , Nixon Ralph , Potter Huntington , Reeves Roger , Sabbagh Marwan , Silverman Wayne , Tycko Benjamin , Whitten Michelle , Wisniewski Thomas 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn the United States, estimates indicate there are between 250,000 and 400,000 individuals with Down syndrome (DS), and nearly all will develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology starting in their 30s. With the current lifespan being 55 to 60 years, approximately 70% will develop dementia, and if their life expectancy continues to increase, the number of individuals developing AD will concomitantly increase. Pathogenic and mechanistic links between DS and Alzheimer's prompted the Alzheimer's Association to partner with the Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome and the Global Down Syndrome Foundation at a workshop of AD and DS experts to discuss similarities and differences, challenges, and future directions for this field. The workshop articulated a set of research priorities: (1) target identification and drug development, (2) clinical and pathological staging, (3) cognitive assessment and clinical trials, and (4) partnerships and collaborations with the ultimate goal to deliver effective disease‐modifying treatments.
Effects of three‐times‐per‐week versus on‐demand tadalafil treatment on erectile function and continence recovery following bilateral nerve sparing radical prostatectomy: Results of a prospective, randomized, and single‐center study
Authors: Canat Lütfi , Güner Bayram , Gürbüz Cenk , Atış Gökhan , Çaşkurlu Turhan 
Published: December 2014

AbstractErectile dysfunction (ED) and urinary incontinence after bilateral nerve‐sparing radical prostatectomy (BNSRP) still remain major causes of morbidity. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5‐Is) have a role in the treatment of ED after BNSRP. Several studies in patients with ED and lower urinary tract symptoms demonstrated that PDE5‐Is could improve both erectile function and urinary symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacies of two dosing regimens of 20 mg tadalafil (on‐demand and 3 times per week) and to assess the role of tadalafil in recovery of erectile function and continence after BNSRP. We conducted a single‐center, prospective, randomized controlled trial of three times per week versus on‐demand tadalafil 20 mg and a control group after BNSRP. A total of 129 preoperatively potent and continent patients were included in the study. The patients were evaluated at 6 weeks and 12 months postoperatively for erectile function and continence status. There was no significant difference between all three groups with respect to erectile function at 6 weeks after the surgery. Twelve months after the surgery, the International Index of Erectile Function score was significantly higher in the group using tadalafil 20 mg three times per week. However, there was no significant difference between the treated groups and the control group with respect to the continence status at 12 months after the surgery. There was no correlation between incontinence and ED after the surgery in all groups. Tadalafil 20 mg three times per week is an efficacious and well‐tolerated treatment option for ED after BNSRP. Treatment with 20 mg tadalafil either three times per week or on demand cannot improve continence recovery after BNSRP compared with the control group.
Factor Structure of the Ruminative Responses Scale
Authors: Griffith James W. , Raes Filip 
Published: December 2014

Abstract. The 10-item Ruminative Responses Scale is used to measure two facets of rumination: brooding and reflection. These subscales are used to seek differential correlations with other variables of interest (e.g., depression). The validity of these facets, however, is questionable because brooding and reflection were distinguished based on factor analyses, but subsequent analyses have been inconsistent. We investigated these facets using factor analyses in a large community-based sample (N = 625). Other measures of rumination and depression were used as criteria for validity analyses. Only the brooding items formed a robust scale. A consistent reflection factor did not emerge. Brooding showed convergent validity with other measures of rumination as well as depression, all rs > .4. Brooding was also higher among participants with a history of depression compared with never-depressed participants. Implications for the interpretation of past research and for conducting future research are discussed.
The Dutch Symptom Checklist-90-Revised
Authors: Smits Iris A. M. , Timmerman Marieke E. , Barelds Dick P. H. , Meijer Rob R. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R; Derogatis, 1977 , 1994 ) was constructed to measure both general psychological distress and specific primary symptoms of distress. In this study, we evaluated to what extent the scale scores of the Dutch SCL-90-R reflect general and/or specific aspects of psychological distress in a psychiatric outpatients sample (N = 1,842), using a hierarchical factor model. The results revealed that the total scale score measures general psychological distress, with high reliability. The subscale scores Sleep Difficulties, Agoraphobia, Hostility, and Somatization reflect the specific primary symptoms reasonably well, with high reliability. The subscale score Depression hardly measures specific symptoms of distress, but instead a very common construct as is measured with the total scale of the SCL-90-R. The use of the Depression subscale score beyond the total scale score of the SCL-90-R appears therefore of limited value in clinical practice.
Experience and Diagnostic Anchors in Referral Letters
Authors: Spaanjaars Nanon L. , Groenier Marleen , van de Ven Monique O. M. , Witteman Cilia L. M. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract. The present study investigated whether diagnostic anchors, that is: diagnoses suggested in referral letters, influence judgments made by clinical psychologists with different levels of experience. Moderately experienced clinicians (N = 98) and very experienced clinicians (n = 126) were randomly assigned to reading a referral letter suggesting either depression or anxiety, or no referral letter. They then read a psychiatric report about a depressed patient, and gave a preliminary and final diagnosis. Results showed that the correctness of the diagnoses by very experienced clinicians was unaffected by the referral diagnosis. Moderately experienced clinicians did use the suggested diagnosis as anchor; when they had read a referral letter suggesting depressive complaints they were more inclined to classify the patient with a depressive disorder. In conclusion, the diagnosis in a referral letter influences the diagnostic decision made by moderately experienced clinicians.
The Answer Is Blowing in the Wind
Authors: Rammstedt Beatrice , Mutz Michael , Farmer Richard F. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract. This study examined the effects of weather on personality self-ratings. Single-assessment data were derived from the German General Social Survey conducted in 2008. For a subset of the participants (N = 478), official weather station data for the day a personality inventory was completed could be determined. Among these respondents, 140 (29%) completed the personality inventory on an unambiguously sunny day, 59 (12%) completed the measure on an unambiguously rainy day, and 279 (59%) completed the questionnaire on a day characterized by mixed weather conditions. Results revealed that self-ratings for some personality domains differed depending on the weather conditions on the day the inventory was completed. When compared with corresponding self-ratings collected under mixed weather conditions, ratings for the Big Five dimension of Openness to Experience were significantly lower on rainy days and ratings for Conscientiousness were significantly lower on sunny days. These results are suggestive of some limitations on the assumed situational independence of trait ratings.