bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Birkhoff–Kellogg Type Theorem for Discontinuous Operators with Applications
Authors: Calamai Alessandro , Infante Gennaro , Rodríguez-López Jorge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBy means of fixed point index theory for multivalued maps, we provide an analogue of the classical Birkhoff–Kellogg Theorem in the context of discontinuous operators acting on affine wedges in Banach spaces. Our theory is fairly general and can be applied, for example, to eigenvalues and parameter problems for ordinary differential equations with discontinuities. We illustrate in detail this fact for a class of second-order boundary value problem with deviated arguments and discontinuous terms. In a specific example, we explicitly compute the terms that occur in our theory.
Multiplier-less Broadband and Linear Phase Digital Hilbert Transformers
Authors: Brachtendorf Hans Georg , Dalpiaz Christoph , Steiger Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Hilbert transformation for generating the analytic signal or signal envelope is widely used in modern communication receivers, in radar and sonar systems. It introduces a$$90^{\circ }$$90∘ phase shift of the input signal. Since the impulse response of the ideal Hilbert transformer is non-causal, it must be approximated by an FIR or IIR filter. This paper shows results of novel algorithms for designing broadband digital IIR Hilbert transformers and its implementation. The designs employ Galerkin or collocation techniques. The transfer function of the Hilbert transformer is a rational polynomial of low order and exhibits approximately linear phase. The filters match the$$90^{\circ }$$90∘ phase shift requirement of Hilbert transformers almost perfectly and exhibit approximately constant group delay in the passband. The achieved image rejection ratio is typically larger than 50 dB. The quantization of the filter coefficients is realized by a Canonical Signed Digit (CSD) representation, reducing the hardware resources compared with two’s complement. The resulting filters are multiplier-less, which is crucial for high-speed signal processing and low power consumption. The design techniques and the CSD representation are realized in a toolbox. The filters were moreover implemented in VHDL and SystemC. Additionally, a tool for automatically generating a VHDL package containing the filter parameters has been implemented.
The integration of performance management and risk management in the public sector: an empirical case
Authors: Bracci E. , Bruno A. , D’Amore G. , Ievoli R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPerformance management and risk management in the public sector have undergone significant improvements; however, few empirical studies have conceptualised the integration of performance management and risk management. This study aimed to understand why it fails in practice and turns into disintegration. To do this, we analyse the role of different actors involved in the integration between performance management and risk management. We have conducted our analysis at the organisational level in a regional context, adopting two different research methods, documentary analysis and collections of interviews. This paper contributes to the theoretical debate with interesting new insights about organisational practices in the public sector. In this research, we adopted the disintegration framework, broadly used as a research methodology in the ontological and social paradigm as reported (Täubig in Totale Institution Asyl, Juventa Verlag, Munich, 2009) for analysing the integration and disintegration between performance management and risk management. This approach presumes the collective engagement of researchers and practitioners, which can help bring to the surface the knowledge embedded in practice and transform it into actionable knowledge to produce practice changes. This study contributes to the public accounting literature by providing empirical evidence about organisational practices in the public sector. It offers a practical and general understanding of performance management and risk management practices functioning in public government. It shows the fundamental role played by key actors when performance management and risk management practices are implemented. This empirical research also has practical implications, creating the basis for the implementation of an integrated system of performance management and risk management in regional governments.
Eine Untersuchung der Gegenübertragung in der psychosozialen Arbeit mit Geflüchteten
Authors: Verhülsdonk Lukas , Petzold Moritz Bruno 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn Deutschland lebt inzwischen die weltweit drittgrößte Flüchtlingspopulation. Infolgedessen haben in Bereichen psychosozialer Arbeit Berührungspunkte mit Geflüchteten deutlich zugenommen. Erste Forschungsergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass mit Geflüchteten Tätige in der Arbeit spezifische Erlebensmuster aufzeigen. Solche Erlebensmuster lassen sich aus psychodynamischer Perspektive als Gegenübertragungsreaktionen auffassen. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde ermittelt, ob in der psychosozialen Arbeit mit Geflüchteten typische Gegenübertragungsreaktionen auftreten, wodurch diese Gegenübertragungsreaktionen gekennzeichnet sind, und mit welchen Faktoren diese zusammenhängen. Dazu wurden qualitative Leitfadeninterviews mit fünf in diesem Bereich Tätigen durchgeführt. Die Interviews wurden anschließend mithilfe der zusammenfassenden Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Dadurch konnte eine Reihe von Gegenübertragungsreaktionen, welche bei den Befragten in der Arbeit mit Geflüchteten auftreten und für die Arbeit mit dieser Gruppe typisch sein könnten, beobachtet werden. Ebenso traten Gefühle von Verantwortung für die Perspektiven Geflüchteter, Rollenunsicherheiten sowie Abwehr und Ablehnung wiederholt in der Gegenübertragung auf. Diese Gegenübertragungsreaktionen wurden durch die Befragten mit interindividuell bedeutsamen Faktoren wie Traumatisierungen oder Asylrecht in Verbindung gebracht. Diese eher hypothesengenerierenden Ergebnisse bieten Ansatzpunkte für weitere Forschung und für die Anwendung in Schulung und Supervision. Sie könnten zudem als Denkanstoß für strukturelle Verbesserungen in der Geflüchtetenversorgung dienen.
Side-specific factors for intraoperative hemodynamic instability in laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma: a comparative study
Authors: Habeeb Tamer A. A. M. , Araujo-Castro Marta , Chiaretti Massimo , Podda Mauro , Aiolfi Alberto , Kryvoruchko Igor A. , Manangi Mallikarjuna N. , Shelat Vishal , Kalmoush Abd-Elfattah , Labib Mohamed Fathy , Elshafey Mohammed Hassan , Ibrahim Sameh Mohamed Mahmoud , Abo Alsaad Mohamed Ibrahim , Elbelkasi Hamdi , Mansour Mohamed Ibrahim , Elshahidy Tamer Mohamed , Heggy Ibrahim A. , Elsayed Rasha S. , Fiad Alaa A. , Yehia Ahmed M. , Yassin Mahmoud Abdou , Elballat Mahmoud R. , Hebeishy Mohamed H. , AboZeid Ahmed Khaled , Saleh Mohamed Adel Ahmed , Hamed Abd Elwahab M. , Abdelghani Amr A. , Mousa Bassam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma (PHEO) is challenging because of the high risk of intraoperative hemodynamic instability (HDI). This study aimed to compare the incidence and risk factors of intraoperative HDI between laparoscopic left adrenalectomy (LLA) and laparoscopic right adrenalectomy (LRA).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed two hundred and seventy-one patients aged > 18 years with unilateral benign PHEO of any size who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy at our hospitals between September 2016 and September 2023. Patients were divided into LRA (N = 122) and LLA (N = 149) groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to predict intraoperative HDI. In multivariate analysis for the prediction of HDI, right-sided PHEO, PHEO size, preoperative comorbidities, and preoperative systolic blood pressure were included.

Results
Intraoperative HDI was significantly higher in the LRA group than in the LLA (27% vs. 9.4%, p < 0.001). In the multivariate regression analysis, right-sided tumours showed a higher risk of intraoperative HDI (odds ratio [OR] 5.625, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.147–27.577, p = 0.033). The tumor size (OR 11.019, 95% CI 3.996–30.38, p < 0.001), presence of preoperative comorbidities [diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary heart disease] (OR 7.918, 95% CI 1.323–47.412, p = 0.023), and preoperative systolic blood pressure (OR 1.265, 95% CI 1.07–1.495, p = 0.006) were associated with a higher risk of HDI in both LRA and LLA, with no superiority of one side over the other.

Conclusion
LRA was associated with a significantly higher intraoperative HDI than LLA. Right-sided PHEO was a risk factor for intraoperative HDI.
A methodological approach for filling the gap in extreme daily temperature data: an application in the Calabria region (Southern Italy)
Authors: Barca Emanuele , Guagliardi Ilaria , Caloiero Tommaso 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRegional studies are crucial for monitoring and managing the impacts of extreme climatic events. This phenomenon is particularly important in some areas, such as the Mediterranean region, which has been identified as one of the most responsive regions to climate change. In this regard, the analysis of large space-time sets of climatic data can provide potentially valuable information, although the datasets are commonly affected by the issue of missing data. This approach can significantly reduce the reliability of inferences derived from space-time data analysis. Consequently, the selection of an effective missing data recovery method is crucial since a poor dataset reconstruction could lead to misleading the decision makers’ judgments. In the present paper, a methodology that can enhance the confidence of the statistical analysis performed on the reconstructed data is presented. The basic assumption of the proposed methodology is that missing data within certain percentages cannot significantly change the shape or parameters of the complete data distribution. Therefore, by applying several missing data recovery methods whose reconstructed dataset better overlaps the original dataset, larger confidence is needed. After the gap filling procedure, the temporal tendencies of the annual daily minimum temperature (T < 0 °C) were analysed in the Calabria region (southern Italy) by applying a test for trend detection to 8 temperature series over a 30-year period (1990–2019). The results showed that there was a constant reduction in the duration of frosty days, indicating the reliability of the effect of climate change.
The role of local knowledge in snow observation and applied snow avalanche forecasting in Longyearbyen, Svalbard
Authors: Johannessen Stig , Haavik Torgeir Kolstø 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this article, we present the results of our study of knowledge in the actor-network of snow avalanche forecasters and observers in Longyearbyen, Svalbard. Our study aimed to understand how observers and forecasters make sense of snow conditions and snow avalanche risks. To do so, we conducted empirical investigations, which included interviews with key observation, forecasting, and decision-making actors in Longyearbyen’s risk governance system and autoethnographic participatory observation by the first author during the 36 months they worked closely with several informants in Longyearbyen. We draw on perspectives from literature on sensemaking, sensework, and tacit knowledge to conceptualize the modus operandi of observers and forecasters in a manner that allows for generalization to contexts beyond snow avalanche forecasting in Longyearbyen. We find that avalanche-related knowledge construction is highly dependent on the experiences of the observers from their non-professional interaction with the local topography and snow as part of their leisurely activities. Further, social relations and communication among observers and forecasters are essential in knowledge construction. Based on the different processes and resources entering the knowledge construction, we describe three dimensions of local knowledge involved in snow avalanche forecasting: situated, social knowledge; embodied knowledge; and synthetic knowledge. We elaborate on these dimensions of knowledge and discuss implications for the development and administration of avalanche warning systems in contexts characterized by a high degree of transience and change in phenomena.
Obesity awareness-insight is inversely associated with body composition and physical activity behaviour in women with obesity at the admission to a lifestyle modification program
Authors: Güneş Sümeyya Betül , Aytutuldu Güzin Kaya , Akıncı Buket 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aim
This study was conducted to examine obesity awareness-insight in relation to body composition and physical activity behaviour in women with obesity who were admitted to a lifestyle modification program.

Subject and methods
Eighty-two participants (age = 38.22 ± 12.49 years) were included. Body composition was assessed. The Obesity Awareness and Insight scale (OASIS), Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF) were applied.

Results
The OASIS total score was positively correlated with SBQ and body composition. OASIS “negative outcome awareness” score was negatively correlated with IPAQ-SF moderate physical activity (p < 0.05 for all). OASIS total score and “illness awareness” and “awareness of need for treatment” scores were higher in Class 2 and Class 3 obese participants than in Class 1 participants.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that increased obesity awareness-insight correlated with deteriorating body composition and increased sedentary behaviour among women with obesity who were admitted to a lifestyle modification program. Furthermore, awareness of obesity-related adverse outcomes revealed an inverse association with physical activity.
Diagnostic performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography and attenuation imaging for fibrosis and steatosis assessment in chronic liver disease
Authors: Kobayashi Tamaki , Nakatsuka Takuma , Sato Masaya , Soroida Yoko , Hikita Hiromi , Gotoh Hiroaki , Iwai Tomomi , Tateishi Ryosuke , Kurano Makoto , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We investigated the diagnostic performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and attenuation imaging (ATI) in detecting fibrosis and steatosis in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), comparing them with established methods.

Methods
In 190 patients with CLD, 2D-SWE and vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) were used for liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and ATI and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were used for steatosis quantification. The correlations between these new and established methods were analyzed.

Results
Significant correlations were found between 2D-SWE and VCTE (r = 0.78, P < 0.001), and between ATI and CAP (r = 0.70, P < 0.001). Liver stiffness tended to be lower with 2D-SWE compared with that with VCTE, especially in cases with higher LSM, and ATI was less influenced by skin-capsular distance than CAP. Area under the receiver-operating characteristics curves (AUCs) and optimal cut-offs of 2D-SWE for diagnosing liver fibrosis stages F2, F3, and F4 were 0.73 (8.7 kPa), 0.79 (9.1 kPa), and 0.88 (11.6 kPa), respectively. The AUCs and optimal cut-offs of ATI for diagnosing hepatic steatosis grades S1, S2, and S3 were 0.91 (0.66 dB/cm/MHz), 0.80 (0.79 dB/cm/MHz), and 0.88 (0.86 dB/cm/MHz), respectively. A subgroup analysis of 86 patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease also demonstrated good performance for 2D-SWE and ATI.

Conclusion
2D-SWE and ATI performed comparably with conventional VCTE and CAP in evaluating CLD, offering reliable alternatives for diagnosing liver fibrosis and steatosis.
Parameterized complexity of candidate nomination for elections based on positional scoring rules
Authors: Schlotter Ildikó , Cechlárová Katarína , Trellová Diana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConsider elections where the set of candidates is partitioned into parties, and each party must nominate exactly one candidate. The Possible President problem asks whether some candidate of a given party can become the unique winner of the election for some nominations from other parties. We perform a multivariate computational complexity analysis of Possible President for several classes of elections based on positional scoring rules. We consider the following parameters: the size of the largest party, the number of parties, the number of voters and the number of voter types. We provide a complete computational map of Possible President in the sense that for each choice of the four possible parameters as (i) constant, (ii) parameter, or (iii) unbounded, we classify the computational complexity of the resulting problem as either polynomial-time solvable or -complete, and for parameterized versions as either fixed-parameter tractable or [1]-hard with respect to the parameters considered.
Air-Film Coupling in Prefilming Airblast Atomisers and the Implications for Subsequent Atomisation
Authors: Wetherell Jack R. J. , Garmory Andrew 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrefilming airblast atomisers are commonly used in gas turbine combustion system fuel injectors. As the film propagates across the prefilmer it interacts with the high velocity gas stream above it. In this paper a numerical investigation into this interaction is presented. A Coupled Level Set & Volume of Fluid method is used to simulate the development of the film along the KIT-ITS planar prefilmer (Gepperth et al., in: 23rd European conference on liquid atomization and spray systems (ILASS-Europe 2010), Brno, Czech Republic, September, 2010). Initial results showed the importance of correctly specifying the contact angle as too high a value leads to the formation of rivulets instead of a continuous film. An analysis of the film and air showed two-way coupling. The presence of the film increases the growth rate of the gas phase boundary layer, and the strength and size of the turbulent structures within it. Surface waves form in the film, initially driven by the turbulent fluctuations, but developing into transverse waves. These waves are shown to be independent, stochastic events instead of a periodic wave system. At the trailing edge of the prefilmer the increased turbulence level in the air, the variations in the film thickness and the associated change in fuel mass flow and momentum will have large implications for the atomisation process and subsequent fuel spray. These will also impact simulation of the atomisation, as the boundary condition complexity is much greater than commonly used, and the variations will require larger domains and longer simulation times to obtain fully converged atomisation statistics.
Palms predict the distributions of birds in southwestern Amazonia and are potential surrogates for land-use planning by citizen scientists
Authors: Menger Juliana , Santorelli Junior Sergio , Emilio Thaise , Magnusson William E. , Anciães Marina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the absence of high-quality biodiversity data, land-use planners and conservationists often rely on biodiversity surrogates. Many studies have proposed surrogates based on assumptions about the environmental niches of species. However, the use of such assumptions is not always useful because biological processes and ecological interactions can operate at different scales due to the non-uniform geographical distribution of environmental conditions. In such cases, compositional heterogeneity across the same region can be expected but is often hidden by broad-scale environmental data. Furthermore, these assumptions may obscure important relationships between species and their environment. To elucidate this issue, we asked whether biotic interactions between two taxonomic groups are more important than other factors in reflecting the distribution of unsampled species. To do this, we compared the relationship between the distribution of bird species and the distribution of the five most-abundant palm species which are often considered indicators of bird communities. These species include Lepidocaryum tenue, Oenocarpus bataua, Oenocarpus bacaba, Mauritiella aculeata, and Attalea speciosa. Additionally, we considered environmental factors (precipitation, water-table levels, sand and clay contents) and the ecoregions along the Purus-Madeira interfluve as drivers of bird species composition. Our results show that bird-assemblage composition was strongly correlated with changes in palm-species abundance. The presence-absence data for bird-species showed that palm-species alone explained 25% and 19% of composition of all birds and only canopy birds, respectively. These palm species are abundant and can be easily identified and monitored by non-specialists, such as citizen scientists. Citizens are often involved in data acquisition but may not have the experience to sample large assemblages consisting of hundreds of species; thus, these five most-abundant palms species could serve as a cost-effective and efficient biodiversity surrogate for birds.
Regional foraging areas of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting at Aldabra Atoll: insights from stable isotopes and satellite telemetry
Authors: Sanchez Cheryl L. , Casale Paolo , Bunbury Nancy , A’Bear Luke , Bielsa Maria , Jones Christopher W. , van Rooyen Martin C. , Souyana Brian , Fleischer-Dogley Frauke , Ceriani Simona A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSea turtles spend the majority of their lives at foraging grounds. These areas are important for population persistence but generally occur in coastal habitats, which are under increasing human pressure. Identifying key foraging areas is therefore an important step to understanding critical sea turtle habitats, and therefore their threats. Isotope ratios (δ15N, δ13C) from skin tissues of 90 green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting at the regionally important rookery of Aldabra Atoll, Seychelles, were analyzed with samples collected during two periods: 51 samples from March to September 2021, and 39 samples from January to April 2022. These analyses were complemented by nine satellite tracks to identify key foraging areas. Hierarchical clustering and discriminant function analysis identified two main foraging areas: the East African coast (Tanzania and Somalia) and northern Madagascar. Isotopic values indicated that the majority of green turtles nesting at Aldabra forage at one of these two areas, with slightly more green turtles visiting the East African coast. Geographical isotopic patterns were not found latitudinally, suggesting a potential limit to this approach for coastal areas in the Western Indian Ocean. However, we found longitudinal variation of δ13C and δ15N that few studies have reported. This is the first study in this region to combine satellite telemetry and stable isotope analysis to assign likely foraging areas of green turtles and advances understanding of the complex migration patterns and foraging ecology of this species. We demonstrate the potential and the limitations of stable isotope analysis for identifying/characterizing green turtle foraging areas in this region.