bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of glycolysis decreases sugar-induced cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Valiakhmetov Airat Ya. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough 30 years have passed since the description of sugar-induced cell death (SICD), the specific molecular mechanism that triggers this process remains unclear. This paper attempts to shed light on the relationship between SICD and glucose catabolism. Deletion of the TPS1 gene resulted in a 44% suppression of SICD and a 75% reduction in the number of cells with excess ROS. The suppression was comparable to the suppression of SICD (38%) and ROS (71%) with deletion of the HXK2 gene. Since HXK2 is the first enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, the effect of two other key glycolytic enzymes on SICD was tested. Deletion of the TDH3 gene (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) resulted in a 39% suppression of SICD and ROS by 48%. Inhibition of Tdh3p with 1 mM iodoacetamide also suppressed SICD by 67% and ROS by 58%. Deletion of the PFK1 (phosphofructokinase 1) gene resulted in a complete block of SICD (97%), but unexpectedly resulted in a significant increase in the number of cells with excess ROS. All strains tested (except ΔPFK1) showed increased glucose consumption, suggesting that redistribution of glucose fluxes between glycolysis and the pentose phosphate shunt is a key regulator of SICD development.
Brain and gonadal genes are differentially expressed inBicyclus anynanabutterfly larvae that learned a heritable novel food odor preference
Authors: Gowri V. , Tian Shen , Monteiro Antónia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBicyclus anynanabutterfly larvae learn to prefer novel odors added to their plant food and transmit those learned preferences to the next generation. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating the inheritance of this acquired preference remain unexplored. Here we examined how larval diet affected gene expression patterns in the larval brain as well as the gonads of adults to explore a potential genetic basis of this inheritance. We fedB. anynanalarvae leaves coated with a novel banana odor (isoamyl acetate), or with a control solution, and performed five choice assays on individual larvae during their development to identify individuals that showed a majority preference for the treatment odor they were fed with. We then dissected male and female larval brains, adult spermatophores, or adult oocytes from those individuals, and profiled mRNA in all tissues and micro-RNA (miRNA) expression in oocytes only. Our results show that there are 83 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across all tissue types in odor and control groups, of which 23 play roles in metabolism, transcription, response to various chemical stimuli, and olfactory pathways. MiRNAs did not differ in expression across diet treatments, but we discovered 57 novel miRNAs in oocytes. The DEGs in gonads are potential epigenetic factors that can regulate the inheritance of a learned odor preference. Still, caution is required as there was no overlap between DEGs across male and female brains, as well as male and female gonads.
Berberine is a novel mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) inhibitor that disrupts MCU-EMRE assembly
Authors: Zhao Haixin , Chen Siqi , Cao Nian , Wu Wenjun , Liu Guangqin , Gao Jun , Chen Jiayi , Li Ting , Lu Dingyi , Zeng Lingmin , Zhu Haizhen , Zhang Weina , Xia Qing , Li Teng , Zhou Tao , Zhang Xue-Min , Li Ai-Ling , Pan Xin 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThe mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex mediates Ca2+entry into mitochondrial, which plays a crucial role in regulating cellular energy metabolism and apoptosis. Dysregulation of MCU is implicated in various diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, cardiac diseases and cancer. Despite its importance, developing specific and clinically viable MCU inhibitors has been challenging. Here, we identify Berberine, a well-established drug with a documented safety profile, as a potent MCU inhibitor through a virtual screening of an FDA-approved drug library. Berberine localizes within mitochondria and directly binds to the juxtamembrane loop domain of MCU. This binding disrupts the interaction of MCU with its essential regulator, EMRE, thereby inhibiting rapid Ca2+entry into the mitochondria. Notably, Berberine pretreatment reduces mitochondrial Ca2+overload and mitigate ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in mice. Our findings establish Berberine as a potent MCU inhibitor, offering a safe therapeutic strategy for diseases associated with dysregulated mitochondrial calcium homeostasis.
Automatic detection of seizures within zebrafish larvae epilepsy models using single-channel electroencephalography
Authors: Delaney Connor , Wei Qi , Peixoto Nathalia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResearchers continue to pursue new drugs capable of treating intractable, or drug- resistant, epilepsy as a large number of patients do not see a reduction in the number of seizures from current treatments. To quicken the pace of drug research, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have been utilized as a model organism for testing anticonvulsant drugs before clinical trials. However, the lengthy task of labeling electroencephalography (EEG) data slows the pace of this line of research and limits its full potential. This study investigated the creation of automatic seizure detection algorithms for electroencephalogram data recorded from seizure-induced zebrafish to detect seizure, artifact, and neurotypical events. Four unique seizure detection algorithms were proposed and implemented based on k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural network (ANN) classifiers. These four techniques were tested using the same input features and their results compared. The best-performing algorithm was identified as the Single Stage KNN with an 83.8% accuracy, followed by the Single Stage ANN with an 80.3% accuracy. The results indicate that a single-stage, multiclass classification architecture may be beneficial to automatically labeling epilepsy data, thus enhancing efficiency. Furthermore, the results for the algorithms which separate the multiclass classification into a series of binary classifications suggest that there are advantages in research and clinical settings to implement a detection algorithm that can delineate neurotypical and non-neurotypical data to assist with manual labeling.
Navigating the Urban River: Transcriptomic Responses of Freshwater Fish to Multiple Anthropogenic Stressors
Authors: Escobar-Sierra Camilo , Lampert Kathrin P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUrbanization imposes multiple anthropogenic stressors on freshwater ecosystems, affecting aquatic species’ physiological responses. This study explores the transcriptomic responses of the freshwater fishCottus rhenanusto various stressors in an urban river system. RNA sequencing of fish from multiple stations revealed significant seasonal variations in gene expression, with a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) observed in the summer. Fish at the station experiencing the highest anthropogenic pressure showed notable responses, particularly during warmer months, with enriched pathways related to metabolism, oxidative stress, and immune responses. Key findings include the activation of metabolic stress pathways and immune system genes, such as IL-17 and MAPK pathways, influenced by high temperatures, salinity, and low oxygen levels. Pathway enrichment analyses highlight the impact of temperature and salinity on oxidative stress and osmoregulation, revealing the critical role of the transportome in adapting to salinity changes. These findings showcase the complex interactions between stressors and physiological responses, emphasizing the need for integrated conservation strategies to manage urban stream ecosystems.
Interplay between chemotaxis, quorum sensing, and metabolism regulatesEscherichia coli-SalmonellaTyphimurium interactionsin vivo
Authors: Laganenka Leanid , Schubert Christopher , Barthel Manja , Nguyen Bidong D. , Näf Jana , Lobriglio Thomas , Hardt Wolf-Dietrich 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMotile bacteria use chemotaxis to navigate complex environments like the mammalian gut. These bacteria sense a range of chemoeffector molecules, which can either be of nutritional value or provide a cue for the niche best suited for their survival and growth. One such cue molecule is the intra- and interspecies quorum sensing signaling molecule, autoinducer-2 (AI-2). Apart from controlling collective behavior ofEscherichia coli, chemotaxis towards AI-2 contributes to its ability to colonize the murine gut. However, the impact of AI-2-dependent niche occupation byE. colion interspecies interactionsin vivois not fully understood.Here, using the C57BL/6J mouse infection model, we show that chemotaxis towards AI-2 contributes to nutrient competition and thereby affects colonization resistance conferred byE. coliagainst the enteric pathogenSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (S.Tm). LikeE. coli,S.Tm also relies on chemotaxis, albeit not towards AI-2, to compete against residingE. coliin a gut inflammation-dependent manner. Finally, by using a barcoded mutant library pool ofS.Tm, we analyzed how AI-2 signaling inE. coliaffects the central metabolism ofS.Tm. AI-2-dependent niche colonization byE. colispecifically affected the fitness ofS.Tm mutants deficient in fumarate respiration (ΔdcuABC) or mannose (ΔmanA) utilization. Our findings thus provide important insights into AI-2-mediatedE. coli-S.Tm interactions during gut infection.Author SummaryBoth chemotaxis and AI-2 quorum sensing systems have been extensively studied inEscherichia coli. Despite our understanding of these systems at a molecular levelin vitro, their physiological relevancein vivo, particularly in the context of mammalian gut colonization, remains less explored. Building on our previous work on the role of chemotaxis and AI-2 signaling inE. coligut colonization, we investigated their roles in interspecies interactions. Specifically, we examined how AI-2-dependent colonization byE. coliaffects its competition with the enteric pathogenSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (S.Tm) and the metabolic requirements forS.Tm growth.Our data show that AI-2 signaling contributes to colonization resistance ofE. coliagainstS.Tm. AlthoughS.Tm also requires chemotaxis to grow efficiently inE. coli-colonized mice, this is independent of its ability to sense AI-2. Notably, AI-2-dependent niche occupation byE. colialteredS.Tm metabolism at different stages of infection. Collectively, our findings highlight how AI-2 signaling in one species can affect the metabolism of its interaction partnersin vivo.
Electron tomography visualization of HIV-1 virions trapped by fusion inhibitors to host cells in infected tissues
Authors: Ladinsky Mark S. , Zhu Li , Ullah Irfan , Uchil Pradeep D. , Kumar Priti , Kay Michael S. , Bjorkman Pamela J. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTHIV-1 delivers its genetic material to infect a cell after fusion of the viral and host cell membranes, which takes place after the viral envelope (Env) binds host receptor and co-receptor proteins. Binding of host receptor CD4 to Env results in conformational changes that allow interaction with a host co-receptor (CCR5 or CXCR4). Further conformational rearrangements result in an elongated pre-hairpin intermediate structure in which Env is anchored to the viral membrane by its transmembrane region and to the host cell membrane by its fusion peptide. Although budding virions can be readily imaged by electron tomography (ET) of HIV-1–infected tissues and cultured cells, virions that are fusing (attached to host cells via pre-hairpin intermediates) are not normally visualized, perhaps because the process of membrane fusion is too fast to capture by EM. To image virions during fusion, we used fusion inhibitors to prevent downstream conformational changes in Env that lead to membrane fusion, thereby trapping HIV-1 virions linked to target cells by prehairpin intermediates. ET of HIV-1 pseudovirions bound to CD4+/CCR5+TZM-bl cells revealed presumptive pre-hairpin intermediates as 2-4 narrow spokes linking a virion to the cell surface. To extend these results to a more physiological setting, we used ET to image tissues and organs derived from humanized bone marrow, liver, thymus (BLT) mice infected with HIV-1 and then treated with CPT31, a high-affinity D-peptide fusion inhibitor linked to cholesterol. Trapped HIV-1 virions were found in all tissues studied (small intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow), and spokes representing pre-hairpin intermediates linking trapped virions to cell surfaces were similar in structure and number to those seen in the previous pseudovirus and cultured cell ET study.IMPORTANCETrapped and untrapped HIV-1 virions, both mature and immature, were distinguished by localizing spokes via 3D tomographic reconstructions of HIV-1 infected and fusion-inhibitor treated tissues of humanized mice. The finding of trapped HIV-1 virions in all tissues examined demonstrates a wide distribution of the CPT31 inhibitor, a desirable property for a potential therapeutic. In addition, the presence of virions trapped by spokes, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, demonstrates that fusion inhibitors can be used as markers for potential HIV-1-target cells within tissues, facilitating the mapping of HIV-1 target cells within the complex cellular milieu of infected tissues.
The impact of source characteristics and parasocial relationship on electronic word-of-mouth influence: the moderating role of brand credibility
Authors: Tran Phuong D. , Le Tri D. , Nguyen Nhu P. , Nguyen Uyen T. 
Published: August 2024

PurposeSource factors have long been a key construct in studies of word-of-mouth influence, but particularly for the digital context of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), source trustworthiness and parasocial relationships are worth a considerable focus. This study pays close attention to not only the effects source trustworthiness and parasocial relationships exert on eWOM influence but also the antecedents driving them. This study additionally considers the moderating role of brand credibility in the relationships between the two key constructs and eWOM influence. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the constructs.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative survey was sent to university students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, to collect 766 responses, which were then analyzed using an SEM approach. The sampling strategy was based on convenience and snowball sampling techniques to ensure a diverse representation of the student population. Respondents were asked to rate their perceptions of source trustworthiness, parasocial relationships, brand credibility, and eWOM influence regarding social media influencers they follow. The collected data were then analyzed using an SEM approach, utilizing software such as AMOS to validate the measurement model and test the proposed structural relationships.FindingsThe results confirm the strong impact of source trustworthiness and parasocial relationships on eWOM influence and recognize source authenticity to be the most powerful driver behind the two. Additionally, the findings suggest that brand credibility can positively moderate how source trustworthiness affects eWOM influence, with interaction effects examined through multi-group analysis.Originality/valueRelevant implications for researchers and marketing practitioners are discussed, emphasizing the strategic selection of eWOM sources and the cultivation of brand credibility to enhance consumer engagement.
Understanding private consultants’ involvement in technology transfer – a case study
Authors: Soares João , Romero Fernando , Nunes Manuel Lopes , Braga Ana Cristina 
Published: August 2024

PurposeIn the realm of innovation systems and technology transfer (TT), the emergence of open innovation and complex market dynamics has amplified innovation intermediaries’ prominence of their role and involvement in TT projects. This study delves into private consultants’ involvement in TT projects, namely in what got them involved by the project’s key stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachAn iterative two-phased research approach was followed, including exploratory interviews and a quantitative case study of a consultancy firm engaged in 219 TT projects.FindingsFive main key motivators were found to lead TT stakeholders to involve private consultants in their TT projects, being the most relevant, the proactivity of private consultants.Originality/valueThe case study and results provide an alternative perspective of TT endeavours, emphasising the importance given by TT stakeholders (mostly recipient companies) to private consultants’ involvement as innovation intermediaries.
Exploring stability of Jeffrey fluids in anisotropic porous media: incorporating Soret effects and microbial systems
Authors: Sridhar S. , Muthtamilselvan M. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to present a study on stability analysis of Jeffrey fluids in the presence of emergent chemical gradients within microbial systems of anisotropic porous media.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses an effective method that combines non-dimensionalization, normal mode analysis and linear stability analysis to examine the stability of Jeffrey fluids in the presence of emergent chemical gradients inside microbial systems in anisotropic porous media. The study focuses on determining critical values and understanding how temperature gradients, concentration gradients and chemical reactions influence the onset of bioconvection patterns. Mathematical transformations and analytical approaches are used to investigate the system’s complicated dynamics and the interaction of numerous characteristics that influence stability.

Findings
The analysis is performed using the Jeffrey-Darcy type and Boussinesq estimation. The process involves using non-dimensionalization, using the normal mode approach and conducting linear stability analysis to convert the field equations into ordinary differential equations. The conventional thermal Rayleigh Darcy number

RDa,c is derived as a comprehensive function of various parameters, and it remains unaffected by the bio convection Lewis number

Łe. Indeed, elevating the values of ζ and

γ′ in the interval of 0 to 1 has been noted to expedite the formation of bioconvection patterns while concurrently expanding the dimensions of convective cells. The purpose of this investigation is to learn how the temperature gradient affects the concentration gradient and, in turn, the stability and initiation of bioconvection by taking the Soret effect into the equation. The results provide insightful understandings of the intricate dynamics of fluid systems affected by chemical and biological elements, providing possibilities for possible industrial and biological process applications. The findings illustrate that augmenting both microbe concentration and the bioconvection Péclet number results in an unstable system. In this study, the experimental Rayleigh number

RDa,c was determined to be

4π2at the critical wave number (

δcˇ) of π.

Originality/value
The study’s novelty originated from its investigation of a novel and complicated system incorporating Jeffrey fluids, emergent chemical gradients and anisotropic porous media, as well as the use of mathematical and analytical approaches to explore the system’s stability and dynamics.
Accountable hospital governance structure rules in Iran: a qualitative document analysis
Authors: Jalilvand Mohammad Ali , Raeisi Ahmad Reza , Shaarbafchizadeh Nasrin 
Published: August 2024

PurposeHospital governance accountability structures in Iran, similar to other countries, have undergone various reforms with different goals. The current study aimed to identify the rules and regulations of the hospital governance structure in Iran and how they pay attention to accountability.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative document content analysis study was conducted using hospital governance structure documents in Iran using the Ready materials, Extract data, Analyze data and Distil (READ) document analysis framework. 2,921 documents were extracted from the official government websites of Iran. After screening, seven documents related to the hospital governance structure were selected. A directed content analysis approach was used. The findings were finally future purification matched with the original documents.FindingsThe findings showed that documents had not addressed the inclusive governance structure of the hospital comprehensively. The medical staff organization structure is not considered in the documents, and its duties are assigned to a technical or a clinical director. Most documents addressed financial accountability. The documents did not require the hospital’s governance to have an inclusive accountability structure. However, they paid more attention to the administrative and financial autonomy of hospitals.Practical implicationsAccountability is one of the most essential components in the hospital's governance structure. It can increase the success of hospital efficiency, effectiveness, vision and mission fulfillment. The study result can help health services policymakers and managers formulate better organization structure rules and regulations for hospital governance accountability.Originality/valueThis study is the first qualitative analysis of accountable governance structure documents in Iranian hospitals. We used the READ method as a comprehensive approach for document analysis.
“I like the sound of that”: understanding the effectiveness of audio in ads
Authors: Barnes Stuart J. , Wang Weisha 
Published: August 2024

PurposeSports advertisements such as the Super Bowl showcase products and brands that have invested increasingly large sums financially to gain viewers’ attention. However, how audio features in advertisements impact viewers' behavior remains unexplored.Design/methodology/approachUsing the lens of signaling theory, this research uses advanced data analytics of voice and music audio in Super Bowl advertisements to examine its impacts on viewers.FindingsResults show that advertisement viewers prefer more voiced frames and have a greater liking behavior of voiced frames with a low intensity (less loud) and a higher F1 frequency, which is typically associated with male vocal tracts. A fast music tempo works better for longer advertisements. The model controls for various types of ad appeals. The research underlines the importance of voice and music in signaling successful brand features that are likely to increase the ad-liking behavior of consumers (positive effect).Research limitations/implicationsThe current research implies that brands advertising through sports ads must carefully select voice actors and music in order to provide the most positive signals for a brand to have the most significant effect and, thus, a greater return on the high sums invested in the ads.Originality/valueFirst, this research contributes in terms of a new research process for using audio analytics in advertising. The detailed research process outlined can be used for future research examining audio and music from advertisements. Second, our findings provide additional support to the important role of voice features (e.g. intensity and frequency) as signals in inducing responses from consumers (Biswaset al., 2019; Hagtvedt and Brasel, 2016). Third, the study surfaces a new theoretical association: the effect of tempo in moderating the relationship between duration and propensity to like an ad.