bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disorder, pseudo symmetry and photoluminescence properties of a new diphosphate K2Ba3(P2O7)2
Authors: Zhao Dan , Ma Fa-Xue , Zhang Rong-Hua , Li Fei-Fei , Zhang Ai-Yun 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A new ternary metal diphosphate (V) K2Ba3(P2O7)2, has been prepared by high-temperature solution growth (HTSG) method for the first time. Structurally solution through single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis method was complicated by pseudo centering symmetry combined with occupational disorder. The results show that it features a non-centrosymmetric space group Pmn21 with a = 5.5827 (6), b = 9.4196 (9), c = 13.9150 (12) Å, β = 94.561(4)°, Z = 2, R[F
2 > 2σ(F
2)] = 0.028. The structure of K2Ba3(P2O7)2 contains isolated [P2O7] groups in four directions array with their holes occupied by the K+ and the Ba2+ cations. Furthermore, photoluminescence study showed that K2Ba3(P2O7)2 display both a wide emission bond around 408 ~ 422 nm and a sharp bond at around 484 nm (excited by 354 nm).
Does Hospitalization Predict the Disease Course in Ulcerative Colitis? Prevalence and Predictors of Hospitalization and Re- Hospitalization in Ulcerative Colitis in a Population-based Inception Cohort (2000-2012)
Authors: Golovics Petra A. , Lakatos Laszlo , Mandel Michael D. , Lovasz Barbara D. , Vegh Zsuzsanna , Kurti Zsuzsanna , Szita Istvan , Kiss Lajos S. , Balogh Mihaly , Pandur Tunde , Lakatos Peter L. 
Published: August 2015

Background & Aims: Limited data are available on the hospitalization rates in population-based studies. Since this is a very important outcome measure, the aim of this study was to analyze prospectively if early hospitalization is associated with the later disease course as well as to determine the prevalence and predictors of hospitalization and re-hospitalization in the population-based ulcerative colitis (UC) inception cohort in the Veszprem province database between 2000 and 2012.
Methods: Data of 347 incident UC patients diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010 were analyzed (M/F: 200/147, median age at diagnosis: 36, IQR: 26-50 years, follow-up duration: 7, IQR 4-10 years). Both in- and outpatient records were collected and comprehensively reviewed.
Results: Probabilities of first UC-related hospitalization were 28.6%, 53.7% and 66.2% and of first re-hospitalization were 23.7%, 55.8% and 74.6% after 1-, 5- and 10- years of follow-up, respectively. Main UC-related causes for first hospitalization were diagnostic procedures (26.7%), disease activity (22.4%) or UC-related surgery (4.8%), but a significant percentage was unrelated to IBD (44.8%). In Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression analysis disease extent at diagnosis (HR extensive: 1.79, p=0.02) or at last follow-up (HR: 1.56, p=0.001), need for steroids (HR: 1.98, p<0.001), azathioprine (HR: 1.55, p=0.038) and anti-TNF (HR: 2.28, p<0.001) were associated with the risk of UC-related hospitalization. Early hospitalization was not associated with a specific disease phenotype or outcome; however, 46.2% of all colectomies were performed in the year of diagnosis.
Conclusion: Hospitalization and re-hospitalization rates were relatively high in this population-based UC cohort. Early hospitalization was not predictive for the later disease course.
Adverse Food Reaction and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Role of the Dietetic Approach
Authors: Pasqui Francesca , Poli Carolina , Colecchia Antonio , Marasco Giovanni , Festi Davide 
Published: August 2015

Bloating, abdominal discomfort or pain, disturbed bowel habits are very common symptoms, frequently reported by the patients soon after food ingestion. These symptoms may occur in different clinical conditions, such as functional bowel disorders, food adverse reactions, gluten-related syndromes, which frequently are interrelated. Consequently, in clinical practice, it is necessary to perform a correct diagnosis in order to identify, for the single patient, the most appropriate therapeutic strategy, which may include not only specific drugs, but also, and mainly, life style changes (healthy nutritional behavior and constant physical activity).
The aim of this review is to provide to the general physician, according to the available evidence, the most appropriate diagnostic work-ups for recognizing the different clinical scenarios (i.e. food allergy and intolerance, functional bowel diseases, gluten-related syndromes), to identify their clinical interrelationships and to suggest the most appropriate management. In fact, as far as food intolerances are concerned, it is well known that the number of patients who believe that their symptoms are related to food intolerance is increasing and consequently they restrict their diet, possibly causing nutritional deficiencies. Furthermore, there is an increasing use of unconventional diagnostic tests for food intolerance which lack accurate scientific evidence; the application of their results may induce misdiagnosis and unhealthy therapeutic choices. Consequently the recognition of food intolerance has to be performed on the basis of reliable tests within an agreed diagnostic workup.
Music Activity as a Communication Tool for Young Autistic Adolescents
Authors: Vilkelienė Aldona , Kondrotienė Eglė 
Published: August 2015

Music and its influence on personality was for a long time under research and still is contextualized. The task of this work was to disclose possibilities of various music activities and to find out their positive influence for young autistic adolescents’ communication and interaction activities. It was also very important to find the answer to the question, if music interaction is possible for autistics as this disorder prevent ability to communicate and to get into contact with other people. Theoretical part of this piecework deals with the reasons for autistic disorder, manifestations of autism and specifics of communication. Also, here are presented approaches of view of different authors what concerns the music and various music activities in the context of musical methods. On the basis of this theoretical context was executed empirical research with autistic people where, according to the chosen music and usage of it’s methodology, was formulated task to try to reach (cultivate) social communication and socialization capabilities.
Empirical research revealed that for young autistic adolescents the most stimulating music activities are music activities: improvisation, singing, also listening to music and movement. Music activities revealed interpersonal relation between young autistic adolescent and pedagogue through more active eye contact; young autistic adolescents started more actively communicate with gestures and body language. Empirical research also displayed that the right choice of the musical method is directly related with the process of education and ensure its success. Also, it was proved that the success of the development of disabled people with communication disorders greatly depends on teamwork, – cooperation among young autistic adolescents, their parents, special educators and social workers. This teamwork cooperation helps to develop communication and cooperation abilities. Research results show that music activities could be (can be) natural process of communication and affiliation for young autistic adolescents.
Control of Silky Crazyweed (Oxytropis sericea) with Aminopyralid + 2,4-D and Picloram + 2,4-D on Native Rangeland
Authors: Goodman Laura E. , Cibils Andrés F. , Steiner Robert L. , Graham John D. , McDaniel Kirk C. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTechniques for preventing crazyweed toxicity in livestock have generally fallen into two categories: excluding livestock access to infested ranges during early spring and fall, and controlling crazyweed populations through herbicide application. Although picloram has been used to control crazyweed effectively in the past, aminopyralid has shown efficacy at lower application rates, exhibits less potential off-target movement, and has been classified as a reduced-risk product. Differences in the response of silky crazyweed and nontarget grasses and forbs to picloram + 2,4-D and aminopyralid + 2,4-D were investigated. Picloram + 2,4-D was applied at a rate of 0.3 kg ae ha−1picloram + 1.1 kg ae ha−12,4-D, and aminopyralid + 2,4-D was applied at a rate of 0.1 kg ae ha−1aminopyralid + 1.2 kg ae ha−12,4-D. Silky crazyweed canopy cover, number of flowering stalks, plant size, and biomass decreased 15 mo after herbicide treatments (MAT) with average percentage of relative reductions of 92, 95, 90, and 99%, respectively. Crazyweed density decreased by 1.5 ± 0.2 SE plants m−2and 1.3 ± 0.2 plants m−2, a relative reduction of 95 and 80%, 15 MAT in aminopyralid + 2,4-D– and picloram + 2,4-D–treated plots, respectively. Plots treated with aminopyralid + 2,4-D had 4% lower nontarget forb canopy cover than did picloram + 2,4-D plots 15 MAT. Grass biomass remained similar within treatments over time for control, aminopyralid + 2,4-D and picloram +2,4-D plots, and was similar in all plots 15 MAT. Plots treated with herbicides had, on average, 11% greater grass cover than did control plots 15 MAT (aminopyralid + 2,4-D: 89%; picloram + 2,4-D: 85%; control: 76%).
Reliability of the ECHOWS Tool for Assessment of Patient Interviewing Skills
Authors: Boissonnault Jill S. , Evans Kerrie , Tuttle Neil , Hetzel Scott J. , Boissonnault William G. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundHistory taking is an important component of patient/client management. Assessment of student history-taking competency can be achieved via a standardized tool. The ECHOWS tool has been shown to be valid with modest intrarater reliability in a previous study but did not demonstrate sufficient power to definitively prove its stability.ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were: (1) to assess the reliability of the ECHOWS tool for student assessment of patient interviewing skills and (2) to determine whether the tool discerns between novice and experienced skill levels.DesignA reliability and construct validity assessment was conducted.MethodsThree faculty members from the United States and Australia scored videotaped histories from standardized patients taken by students and experienced clinicians from each of these countries. The tapes were scored twice, 3 to 6 weeks apart. Reliability was assessed using interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and repeated measures. Analysis of variance models assessed the ability of the tool to discern between novice and experienced skill levels.ResultsThe ECHOWS tool showed excellent intrarater reliability (ICC [3,1]=.74–.89) and good interrater reliability (ICC [2,1]=.55) as a whole. The summary of performance (S) section showed poor interrater reliability (ICC [2,1]=.27). There was no statistical difference in performance on the tool between novice and experienced clinicians.LimitationsA possible ceiling effect may occur when standardized patients are not coached to provide complex and obtuse responses to interviewer questions. Variation in familiarity with the ECHOWS tool and in use of the online training may have influenced scoring of the S section.ConclusionThe ECHOWS tool demonstrates excellent intrarater reliability and moderate interrater reliability. Sufficient training with the tool prior to student assessment is recommended. The S section must evolve in order to provide a more discerning measure of interviewing skills.
Physical Therapists, Telephone Coaches, and Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: Qualitative Study About Working Together to Promote Exercise Adherence
Authors: Hinman Rana S. , Delany Clare M. , Campbell Penelope K. , Gale Janette , Bennell Kim L. 
Published: August 2015

Background
Integrated models of care are recommended for people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Exercise is integral to management, yet exercise adherence is problematic. Telephone-based health coaching is an attractive adjunct to physical therapist–prescribed exercise that may improve adherence. Little is known about the perceptions and interpretations of physical therapists, telephone coaches, and patients engaged in this model of care.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to explore how stakeholders (physical therapists, telephone coaches, and patients) experienced, and made sense of, being involved in an integrated program of physical therapist–supervised exercise and telephone coaching for people with knee OA.

Design
A cross-sectional qualitative design drawing from symbolic interactionism was used.

Methods
Semistructured interviews with 10 physical therapists, 4 telephone coaches, and 6 patients with painful knee OA. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis informed by grounded theory.

Results
Four themes emerged: (1) genuine interest and collaboration, (2) information and accountability, (3) program structure, and (4) roles and communication in teamwork. Patients reported they appreciated personalized, genuine interest from therapists and coaches and were aware of their complementary roles. A collaborative approach, with defined roles and communication strategies, was identified as important for effectiveness. All participants highlighted the importance of sharing information, monitoring, and being accountable to others. Coaches found the lack of face-to-face contact with patients hampered relationship building. Therapists and coaches referred to the importance of teamwork in delivering the intervention.

Limitations
The small number of physical therapists and telephone coaches who delivered the intervention may have been biased toward favorable experiences with the intervention and may not be representative of their respective professions.

Conclusions
Integrated physical therapy and telephone coaching was perceived as beneficial by most stakeholders. Programs should be structured but have some flexibility to give therapists and coaches some freedom to adjust treatment to individual patient needs as required. Opportunities for visual communication between telephone coaches and patients could facilitate relationship building.
The expression of Cx43, TGF&beta;/smads signaling pathways and PCNA in the occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma and the relationship among them
Authors: Li Chun-Hui , Pan Li-Hui , Liu Hai-Wang , Sahi Rajina , Zhao Xing , Cheng Yu 
Published: August 2015

Aims and Objectives: To detect the protein expression level of Cx43, smad4 and PCNA in normal and gastric carcinoma tissue by immuno-histochemistry, western blotting and RT-PCR method. We intend to reveal the relationship between their expression in occurrence and development. Simultaneously through analyzing experimental data we have obtained the correlation among them.Materials and Methods: Immuno-histochemistry and western blotting were adopted to detect the expression of Cx43, smad4 and PCNA protein in normal and carcinomatous gastric tissue, expression levels mRNA of Cx43, smad4 and PCNA were detected by RT-PCR in normal and carcinomatous gastric tissue. Experimental data were analyzed by combining clinical pathology data using statistical approach. Results: The expression levels of Cx43, and smad4 in carcinomatous gastric tissue were lower than they were in normal gastric tissue. The expression level of PCNA in carcinomatous gastric tissue was higher than that in normal gastric tissue. The expression levels of Cx43, Smad4 and PCNA in groups of age and gender is not significant. The expression of Cx43, Smad4 and PCNA in different clinicopathologic features of carcinomatous gastric tissue including degrees of pathological differentiation, lymph node metastasis condition, depth of tumor invasion and TNM stages is statistically significant. With the progression of gastric carcinoma, the expression levels of Cx43 and Smad4 were decreased, conversely PCNA showed a high expression level. Based on the analysis Cx43 negatively correlated with PCNA, Cx43 positively correlated with Smad4, Smad4 negatively correlated with PCNA.Conclusions: The protein and mRNA expressions of Cx43, smad4 and PCNA were significant differences between normal gastric tissue and gastric carcinoma, also were concerned with differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, TNM stages and depth of invasion, while not significant with age and gender. This suggests that they may play an important role in occurrence and development of gastric carcinoma, but also may have some interaction. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 6-13
Are the adverse psychiatric outcomes reflection of occupational stress among nurses: An exploratory study
Authors: Davey Anuradha , Sharma Parul , Davey Sanjeev , Shukla Arvind , Srivastava Kajal , Vyas Shaili 
Published: August 2015

Background: Stress-related disorders encompass a broad array of conditions, including psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety etc. Among healthcare professionals, nurses have been found to be most prone to burnout.Aims and Objective: 1) To find out the prevalence of recent stress among staff nurses in terms of somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression and; 2) To find out the association between these psychiatric outcomes and various socio-demographic variables, inter-personal relationships, working environment and professional stress.Materials and Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study conducted on 100 staff nurses. Goldberg and Hillier’s 28-item scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to measure the psychological aspect of quality of life of Staff nurses. Results: The most common psychological outcome noted was the social dysfunction (94%) among the staff nurses. For anxiety, potential stressor were doctors’ attitude, insufficient salary and separate wash room for females; whereas significant association was found between depression and unsatisfactory attitude of doctors, fellow nurses, not enough time for rest and not getting enough holidays.Conclusion: Social dysfunction could be cause or effect of other psychiatric manifestations like anxiety or depressionAsian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 96-100
Epidemiological study of burn injury with special reference to its prevention- A Nine-year retrospective study from a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal, India
Authors: Kuiri Shib Shankar , Ghosh Bikash Chandra , Mandal Nilay , Nandi Mintu Mohan , Saradar Tusar Kanti , Ghosh Goutam 
Published: August 2015

Aims and Objectives: We conducted a retrospective analysis among 1984 burn patients to study the incidence, prevalence of burn injury, its various types and modes (actual event behind the burn injury), risk factors and to find out the preventive measures.Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was carried out among 1984 patients having burn injuries, admitted in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal, India over a period of nine years. The sources of information were the admission registers and the patients' folders from the medical records department. The Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Ethical Committee. The information obtained included age, sex, whether accidental or suicidal, etiology of burn injury and particularly the mechanism of injury. Results: Females were mostly affected (83%) in comparison to males. Among the study population, most of the burn patients were in the age group of 21-30yrs i.e. 35.3%. The number of burn patients were less in number in the age group of 11-20yrs i.e. 7.3%. Most of the burn injuries (87%) were accidental. Suicidal burns occurred in 10% cases. Of which about 1/3rd of the cases were due to dowry related issues. A significant number of teenagers also attempted suicides due to trivial reasons (e.g. failure in examination, quarrelling with parents). Gas oven related injuries occurred in 2.7% cases. Oil lamps (‘kupi’), candles and hurricane-lanterns, diyas were also responsible to some extent in rural India for flame burns(5%). Smoking related burn injuries occurred in 1.7% cases. Scald injuries occurred in 14% cases. Chemical injuries (0.3%) were due to spillage of unlabelled bottles of acid/alkali. Electrical burn injury occurred in 4.9% cases. Conclusion: Burn injury prevention is not easy, but to avoid the significant morbidity and mortality following injury we have to prevent it by any means. A coordinated and dedicated approach among social workers , medical and paramedical personnel, administrators can only minimize the incidence of burn.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 70-75
A study on assessment of HbA1c level as a diagnostic criterion of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dutta Agnibha , Dudhe Ashish P , Deb Subhasish , Dasgupta Somnath , Sarkar Amit 
Published: August 2015

Aims and Objectives: We compared performance of HbA1c in diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus with that of fasting plasma glucose and tried to determine cut off point of HbA1c for optimum sensitivity and specificity in a population of eastern India both from urban and rural background.Materials and Methods: The analysis was conducted in persons aged between 40 and 80 years, visiting our institution, who are newly diagnosed as diabetic and non-diabetic attending hospital for some other reason, who underwent FPG and HbA1c testing, in the time period January 2013 to August 2014.Results: From 100 individuals (mean age 54.6 years) HbA1c ? 6.5% produced sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 72%, positive predictive value 76.27% and negative predictive value 87.80% when compared to FPG ? 126 mg% as standard. By ROC curve, optimum cut off point for HbA1c was found to be 7.05% for diagnosis of diabetes.Conclusion: Using a cut off value of HbA1c of 7% may optimise detection of diabetes mellitus and ensure proper patient care.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 49-52
Unlocking the Development of Hydropower Potential
Authors: Dhungel Kamal Raj 
Published: August 2015

Nepal is rich in hydropower amounted to 42 GW. But it is poor in terms of per capita electricity consumption amounted to 106 KWh which keeps Nepal in a lowest position among the countries of South Asia. Harnessing this is a must for Nepal to run to the road to prosperity. Electricity use and economic growth move in the same direction indicating an additional unit of growth requires additional multiple unit of electricity. There are a number of stakeholders of the rivers flowing inside Nepal. These rivers are being shared by four sovereign countries –originated in Tibet, enter Nepal and cross the border to flow in India and then in Bangladesh before reaching their final destiny. These rivers provide drinking water to the people of these countries. In addition, another option for the benefit to share of these rivers among the stakeholders is to develop hydropower in Nepal and export it to light the cities of the rest of countries. Nepal should prepare itself to make favorable environment-creating domestic market, reducing electricity generation cost, maintaining rule of law, creating stable policies, ending political instability, adopting appropriate pricing policies- to invite foreign direct investment needed to harness. HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 17, July 2015
Climate Change and Community Perceptions in the Khudi Watershed, Lamjung, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Aseem Raj 
Published: August 2015

Climate change and people’s perception on such changes are analysed for the Khudi Watershed in Western Nepal. Climate change trends in the western hilly region of Nepal were investigated focusing on two major climatic indicators: surface air temperature and rainfall. Further, community’s perceptions on climate change impacts were analysed. We found considerable warming in the study area with a mean temperature increase of 0.18°C decade-1. Annual rainfall is varying with prolonged dry periods. During monsoon season short but intense rainfall events were observed. Local denizens have also experienced these changes and think that weather related changes are affecting their livelihood practices with increased weather related disasters, less agricultural yield, and imbalances in socio-economic behavior. HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 17, July 2015