bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Primary Biceps Sub-pectoral Tenodesis in an Active Population: A prospective Evaluation of 101 Patients
Authors: Provencher Matthew , McCormick Frank , LeClere Lance E. , Solomon Daniel J. , Dewing Christopher B. 
Published: April 2014

Objectives: SLAP tears and tendonitis disorders of the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) remain a challenge to treat in an active population. The purpose of this study is to prospectively compare the surgical outcomes of a primary biceps tenodesis for SLAP tears and biceps tenosynovitis in a young active population. Methods: Over a 6-year period, 125 patients with mean age of 42.6 (range, 26.3 to 56.5) with a diagnosis of LHBT were prospectively evaluated. Inclusion criteria included patients with a clinical diagnosis of a type II SLAP or anterior shoulder pain who failed conservative management and underwent a diagnostic shoulder arthroscopy. Patients were excluded for full-thickness rotator cuff tears, AC joint pathology, and labral pathology outside of the SLAP lesion. Patients with an arthroscopically confirmed labral tear or biceps tendonopathy underwent a mini-open subpectoral tenodesis with interference screw and were independently evaluated with patient reported outcome measurements (SANE, WORC), and a biceps position examination. Statistical analysis was via Student’s t-test and significance set at p <.05. Results: 101 of 125 patients (81%) completed the study requirements at a mean of 2.75 years (range 1.5 to 5.7 years). 50 Patients were diagnosed with SLAP II tears (40%) and 75 patients with biceps tendonitis (60%), 28 (22%) underwent a rotator cuff debridement for a concomitant low-grade partial rotator cuff tear and LHBT instability. There was a clinically and statistical improvement in patient outcomes scores: (WORC=54%, SANE=58) improved to (WORC=89%, SANE=89.5, p<0.01). 82% of patients returned to work and full activity at a mean of 4.1 months. The biceps muscle measured relative to the antecubital fossa of operative (mean 3.20 cm) versus non-operative (3.11 cm) was not clinically different (p=0.57), except in the 3 that failed tenodesis fixation. There was an 8% complication rate: 3 patients sustained failure of the LHBT tenodesis requiring revision; 2 superficial infections treated with antibiotics; and 3 transient musculoskeletal neruopraxias. Conclusion: A primary biceps tenodesis for pathology of the LHBT provides a clinical and statistically significant improvement in shoulder outcomes with a reliable and efficient return to previous activity level and low risk for surgical complications. However, additional work is necessary to define optimal primary treatment of LHB disorders.
Alternatively activated macrophages derived from monocytes and tissue macrophages are phenotypically and functionally distinct
Authors: Gundra Uma Mahesh , Girgis Natasha M. , Ruckerl Dominik , Jenkins Stephen , Ward Lauren N. , Kurtz Zachary D. , Wiens Kirsten E. , Tang Mei San , Basu-Roy Upal , Mansukhani Alka , Allen Judith E. , Loke P’ng 
Published: April 2014

Key Points
Alternatively activated macrophages derived from monocytes and tissue macrophages have distinct transcriptional profiles and phenotypes. Monocyte-derived AAMs are more involved with immune regulation than tissue-derived AAMs.
MLL-AF6 fusion oncogene sequesters AF6 into the nucleus to trigger RAS activation in myeloid leukemia
Authors: Manara Elena , Baron Emma , Tregnago Claudia , Aveic Sanja , Bisio Valeria , Bresolin Silvia , Masetti Riccardo , Locatelli Franco , Basso Giuseppe , Pigazzi Martina 
Published: April 2014

Key PointsMLL-AF6 leads to aberrant activation of RAS and its downstream targets. RAS targeting is a novel potential therapeutic strategy in AML patients carrying t(6;11).
Siglec-G–CD24 axis controls the severity of graft-versus-host disease in mice
Authors: Toubai Tomomi , Hou Guoqing , Mathewson Nathan , Liu Chen , Wang Ying , Oravecz-Wilson Katherine , Cummings Emily , Rossi Corinne , Evers Rebecca , Sun Yaping , Wu Julia , Choi Sung Won , Fang Dexing , Zheng Pan , Liu Yang , Reddy Pavan 
Published: April 2014

Key Points
Demonstrates a role for negative regulator of innate immunity, Siglec-G, in controlling GVHD. Shows that enhancing the interaction between host Siglec-G and CD24 on donor T cells with a novel CD24 fusion protein mitigates GVHD.
Can infant lung function predict respiratory morbidity during the first year of life in preterm infants?
Authors: Proietti Elena , Riedel Thomas , Fuchs Oliver , Pramana Isabelle , Singer Florian , Schmidt Anne , Kuehni Claudia , Latzin Philipp , Frey Urs 
Published: April 2014

Compared with term-born infants, preterm infants have increased respiratory morbidity in the first year of life. We investigated whether lung function tests performed near term predict subsequent respiratory morbidity during the first year of life and compared this to standard clinical parameters in preterms.The prospective birth cohort included randomly selected preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Lung function (tidal breathing and multiple-breath washout) was measured at 44 weeks post-menstrual age during natural sleep. We assessed respiratory morbidity (wheeze, hospitalisation, inhalation and home oxygen therapy) after 1 year using a standardised questionnaire. We first assessed the association between lung function and subsequent respiratory morbidity. Secondly, we compared the predictive power of standard clinical predictors with and without lung function data.In 166 preterm infants, tidal volume, time to peak tidal expiratory flow/expiratory time ratio and respiratory rate were significantly associated with subsequent wheeze. In comparison with standard clinical predictors, lung function did not improve the prediction of later respiratory morbidity in an individual child.Although associated with later wheeze, noninvasive infant lung function shows large physiological variability and does not add to clinically relevant risk prediction for subsequent respiratory morbidity in an individual preterm.
Disease progression in young patients with COPD: rethinking the Fletcher and Peto model
Authors: Sanchez-Salcedo Pablo , Divo Miguel , Casanova Ciro , Pinto-Plata Victor , de-Torres Juan P. , Cote Claudia , Cabrera Carlos , Zagaceta Jorge , Rodriguez-Roisin Roberto , Zulueta Javier J. , Marin Jose Maria , Celli Bartolome 
Published: April 2014

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although frequent in older individuals, can also occur at younger age; this latter population has not been well described.We reviewed the functional progression of 1708 patients with COPD attending pulmonary clinics. Those with three or more annual spirometries were divided into those who, at enrolment, were ≤55 (n=103) or ≥65 (n=463) years of age (younger and older COPD, respectively). Baseline and annual changes in lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)) and BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea, exercise capacity) score were recorded and compared between both groups.Severity distribution by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and BODE scores were similar in both groups, except for mild obstruction, which was higher in the younger group. Mean FEV1decline was 38.8 and 40.6 mL·year−1, while BODE scores increased 0.19 and 0.23 units per year, for younger and older COPD, respectively. Both groups had similar proportion of FEV1rapid decliners (42% and 46%, respectively).The severity distribution and progression of disease in younger patients with COPD is similar to that of patients of older age. This observation suggests that younger individuals presenting with COPD develop the disease from an already compromised pulmonary and systemic status, complementing the model of steeper decline of lung function proposed by Fletcher and Peto.
Photoinitiator concentration and modulated photoactivation: influence on polymerization characteristics of experimental composites
Authors: Alonso Roberta Caroline Bruschi , Brandt William Cunha , Souza-Junior Eduardo Jose Carvalho , Puppin-Rontani Regina Maria , Sinhoreti Mário Alexandre Coelho 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This study determined the influence of photoinitiator concentration on polymerization characteristics of experimental composites photoactivated by different methods. Composites based on BisGMA/TEGDMA and 65% of filler were prepared with the concentration of camphorquinone/amine C1-0.5%, C2-1%, C3-1.5%, and photocured using 4 methods: High-intensity (HI), Low-intensity (LI), Soft-start (SS) and Pulse-delay (PD). Were determined the degree of conversion (DC), depth of cure (DCure) and crosslink density (CLD). Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). DC and DCure revealed that there were no differences among the photoactivation methods. C3 and C2 showed higher DC than C1. The CLD evaluation revealed considerable differences among the photoactivation methods. Photoinitiator concentration is a determinant factor in the polymerization characteristics of composites. Composite with low photoinitiator concentration show decreased DC and DCure, when compared with the composites with higher concentrations. Photoactivation methods had no effect on the DC and DCure. However, photoactivation methods showed differences when CLD was tested for composites with higher concentration of photoinitiators.
Predicting six-month mortality of patients with traumatic brain injury: usefulness of common intensive care severity scores
Authors: Raj Rahul , Skrifvars Markus Benedikt , Bendel Stepani , Selander Tuomas , Kivisaari Riku , Siironen Jari , Reinikainen Matti 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II), SAPS II (Simplified Acute Physiology Score II) and SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) scores compared to simpler models based on age and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in predicting long-term outcome of patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) treated in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods
A national ICU database was screened for eligible TBI patients (age over 15 years, GCS 3–13) admitted in 2003–2012. Logistic regression was used for customization of APACHE II, SAPS II and SOFA score-based models for six-month mortality prediction. These models were compared to an adjusted SOFA-based model (including age) and a reference model (age and GCS). Internal validation was performed by a randomized split-sample technique. Prognostic performance was determined by assessing discrimination, calibration and precision.

Results
In total, 1,625 patients were included. The overall six-month mortality was 33%. The APACHE II and SAPS II-based models showed good discrimination (area under the curve (AUC) 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75 to 0.82; and 0.80, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.83, respectively), calibration (P > 0.05) and precision (Brier score 0.166 to 0.167). The SOFA-based model showed poor discrimination (AUC 0.68, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.72) and precision (Brier score 0.201) but good calibration (P > 0.05). The AUC of the SOFA-based model was significantly improved after the insertion of age and GCS (∆AUC +0.11, P < 0.001). The performance of the reference model was comparable to the APACHE II and SAPS II in terms of discrimination (AUC 0.77; compared to APACHE II, ΔAUC −0.02, P = 0.425; compared to SAPS II, ΔAUC −0.03, P = 0.218), calibration (P > 0.05) and precision (Brier score 0.181).

Conclusions
A simple prognostic model, based only on age and GCS, displayed a fairly good prognostic performance in predicting six-month mortality of ICU-treated patients with TBI. The use of the more complex scoring systems APACHE II, SAPS II and SOFA added little to the prognostic performance.
Leishmanial lipid suppresses the bacterial endotoxin-induced inflammatory response with attenuation of tissue injury in sepsis
Authors: Chatterjee Nabanita , Das Subhadip , Bose Dipayan , Banerjee Somenath , Jha Tarun , Das Saha Krishna 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe use of live, attenuated, or genetically modified microbes or their cellular component(s) or metabolites has begun to emerge as a potential new approach in medicinal research to deliver biologically active entities. Thus, advancing our knowledge of such microbe-mediated therapy may suggest new avenues for therapeutic intervention in many diseases. We had earlier reported that the total lipid of attenuated Leishmania donovani suppressed the inflammatory responses in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Our present study reveals that the pLLD, isolated from pathogenic L. donovani, decreases the inflammatory level of bacterial endotoxin in stimulated mouse macrophages, as also in the in vivo murine system. It exerts the activity by reducing the level of different mediators, such as cytokine-chemokine(s). It also suppresses the expression of the ubiquitous transcription factor NF-κBp65 in stimulated macrophage cells, improves the endotoxin-associated liver damage, reduces the vascular permeability factors, such as VEGF, and suppresses the expression of cell adhesion molecules, including ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, P-selectin, and E-selectin, in liver of septic mice. These findings indicate that pLLD may prove to be a potential anti-inflammatory agent and protect from endotoxin-induced sepsis in hepatic impairment.
Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Allylic Alcohols via Hydrolase–Metal Combo Catalysis: An Effective Method for the Synthesis of Optically Active Compounds
Authors: Akai Shuji 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This review focuses on the dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of racemic allylic alcohols to produce allylic esters in high chemical and optical yields, which was achieved by combining hydrolase-catalyzed kinetic resolution and in situ racemization of the remaining less reactive enantiomers. Two classes of racemization catalysts, e.g., Ru complexes and oxovanadium compounds, are mainly discussed. Typical examples of DKR are shown along with their application in the concise syntheses of optically active compounds as valuable synthetic intermediates. The domino process integrating DKR with the active use of the installed acyl moiety for subsequent intramolecular cyclization is also discussed, which has great potential for the asymmetric syntheses of optically active fused cyclic molecules possessing multiple stereogenic centers.
The Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Noncontiguous Spinal Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Study in 23 Cases
Authors: Huang Jia , Zhang Hongqi , Zeng Kefeng , Gao Qile 
Published: April 2014

Study design
A retrospective clinical study.

Objective
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the surgical treatment of noncontiguous spinal tuberculosis (NSTB), and to discuss its therapeutic strategies.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of clinical and radiographic data that were prospectively collected on 550 consecutive spinal tubercular patients including 27 patients who were diagnosed and treated as NSTB in our institution from June 2005 to June 2011. Apart from 4 patients being treated conservatively, the remainder received surgery by posterior transforaminal debridement, interbody fusion with instrumentation, posterior instrumentation and anterior debridement with fusion in a single or two-stage operation. The clinical outcomes were evaluated before and after treatment in terms of hematologic and radiographic examinations, bone fusion and neurologic status. The Oswestry Disability Index score was determined before treatment and at the last follow-up visit.

Results
23 patients (15 M/8F), averaged 44.6±14.2 years old (range, 19 to 70 yd), who received surgical treatment, were followed up after surgery for a mean of 52.5±19.5 months (range, 24 to 72 months). The kyphotic angle was changed significantly between pre- and postoperation (P<0.05). The mean amount of correction was 12.6±7.2 degrees, with a small loss of correction at last follow-up. All patients achieved solid bone fusion. No patients with neurological deficit deteriorated postoperatively. Neither mortalities nor any major complications were found. There was a significant difference of Oswestry Disability Index scores between preoperation and the final follow-up.

Conclusion
The outcomes of follow-up showed that posterior and posterior-anterior surgical treatment methods were both viable surgical options for NSTB. Posterior transforaminal debridement, interbody fusion and posterior instrumentation, as a less invasive technique, was feasible and effective to treat specific tubercular foci.
A diagram for co-participation
Authors: Tait Stuart 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This article explores the roles of ‘collaborator’ and ‘participant’ in what might loosely be described as collective art practice. I propose that social roles, including those of artist, participant and collaborator, are altogether more flexible and permeable than conventionally thought. The article begins with Manuel DeLanda’s development of his ‘assemblage theory’ of society and the possibility of considering collaborations as assemblages. I then discuss Erving Goffman’s concept of ‘role adjustments’ in order to discuss the way participants change positions within a project as it is enacted; Pierre Bourdieu’s ‘Habitus’ highlights how participants and collaborators orientate themselves within the social; and finally, Gilles Deleuze’s ‘diagram’ outlines how a theory of collectivity can be multiple. The article argues for a synthesis of participation and collaboration, which allows for a reflexive and performative process of collective practice that produces a collective social space.
Singular equivariant asymptotics and Weyl’s law. On the distribution of eigenvalues of an invariant elliptic operator
Authors: Ramacher Pablo 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWe study the spectrum of an invariant, elliptic, classical pseudodifferential operator on a closed Riemannian manifoldMcarrying an effective and isometric action of a compact, connected Lie groupG. Using resolution of singularities, we determine the asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues along the isotypic components, and relate it to the reduction of the corresponding Hamiltonian flow, proving that the reduced spectral counting function satisfies Weyl’s law, together with an estimate for the remainder.
A flip-flopper and a dumb guy walk into a bar: Political humor and priming in the 2004 campaign
Authors: Young Dannagal Goldthwaite 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis paper outlines the results of an on-line experiment assessing the impact of political humor on construct salience. The experiment employed a 3 condition between-subjects design on a snowball sample of participants (N = 216) to test how exposure to political jokes affect the salience of traits and issues mentioned in those jokes and how political knowledge moderates these effects. Results indicate that jokes can prime caricatured issues and traits to the same extent as non-humorous stimuli in the mind of the audience. Findings also suggest that political humor may increase political awareness among apolitical audiences, consistent with research by Baum (2005a, 2005b, 2003).
Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene by Zirconia-Based Catalysts
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Srivastava Vimal C. , Badoni Rajender P. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The objective of this study is to report usage of laboratory-prepared zirconia-based samples, normal zirconia (ZD), calcined zirconia at 893 K (ZC) and sulfated and calcined zirconia at 893 K (SZC), as potential catalysts for the oxidative removal of sulfur from model oil (dibenzothiophene in iso-octane). Optimum catalyst doses for all catalysts were found to be 1.0 g/L. The catalytic oxidation of DBT on zirconia samples was found to be a gradual process, and quasi-equilibrium reached in 6 h. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters have also been calculated.
Electrolytes for vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Wu Xiongwei , Liu Jun , Xiang Xiaojuan , Zhang Jie , Hu Junping , Wu Yuping 
Published: April 2014

AbstractVanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs) are one of the most practical candidates for large-scale energy storage. Its electrolyte as one key component can intensively influence its electrochemical performance. Recently, much significant research has been carried out to improve the properties of the electrolytes. In this review, we present the optimization on vanadium electrolytes with sulfuric acid as a supporting electrolyte and their effects on the electrochemical performance of VRBs. In addition, other kinds of supporting electrolytes for VRBs are also discussed. Prospective for future development is also proposed.
Lonely Riders and Cooperation Networks: Member of Parliaments’ Private Motions in the Finnish Parliament 1999–2010
Authors: Pajala Antti 
Published: April 2014

AbstractMembers’ of Parliament (MP) private motions in the Finnish parliament Eduskunta are explored. During 1999–2010, the Finnish MPs introduced nearly 20,000 motions, from which 75% turned out to be budget amendments while legislative motions constituted some 10%. Roughly half were single signer motions while the rest were sponsored by various MP combinations. Only few motions were processed in committees and even fewer got accepted. A growing amount of party motions sponsored by one party group were found. Motions sponsored by MPs from the same electoral district were found as well. A handful of motions sponsored by the absolute majority of Eduskunta were also found. Comparing the sponsor networks with the Swedish parliament, where the MPs tend to cooperate with their group comrades, reveals the Finnish MPs cooperating significantly more often over the party lines. While analyses of plenary voting primarily divide the Finnish MPs into government and opposition blocs the analysis of private motions results in a completely different pattern of cooperation. In Eduskunta matters are initiated somewhat freely while at the stage of decision party discipline steps in.
Fatigue Life Evaluation of an Annular Combustor Casing of a Gas Turbine Engine
Authors: Sarangi Niranjan , Panigrahi S. K. , Chandrasekhar U. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Structural analysis of annular combustors of aero gas turbines presents substantial challenges to engine-development establishments because of its multifunctional aspects such as complex geometry, thin wall structures, and stringent airworthiness requirements. This paper outlines an experimental methodology for fatigue life evaluation of an annular combustor casing using a closed-loop hydraulic test facility and presents results corresponding to the initial configuration. Premature fatigue failure has revealed that a design feature with a high stress concentration on the combustor casing needs to be modified. Iterative studies are taken up to overcome the design deficiency. This paper presents a unique approach whereby the experimental results for a full-scale annular combustor are correlated with numerical predictions for ensuring structural integrity in accordance with military airworthiness standards.