bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric evaluation of the Korean version of the Diabetes Self‐efficacy Scale among South Korean older adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chang Sun Ju , Song Misoon , Im Eun‐Ok 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of the Korean version of the Diabetes Self‐efficacy Scale among South Korean older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.BackgroundSelf‐efficacy has been reported to be a key component of enhancing diabetes self‐management, and many healthcare providers have paid attention to the instruments to accurately measure self‐efficacy as related to diabetes self‐management.DesignA psychometric test of an instrument measuring self‐efficacy as related to diabetes self‐management.MethodsA total of 278 Korean older adults with type 2 diabetes were recruited in one senior centre in Seoul, South Korea. The instrument included the Diabetes Self‐efficacy Scale and the summary of the Diabetes Self‐care Activities. Item analyses, reliability including internal consistency and stability, and validity including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and hypothesised relationships test were used to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Diabetes Self‐efficacy Scale.ResultsThe item‐total correlation coefficients of all items were >0·30 and ranged from 0·47–0·73. The coefficient alpha for the internal consistency was 0·89, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for the stability was 0·90. Two factors were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis (factor 1, self‐efficacy for diet‐related self‐management behaviours; factor 2, self‐efficacy for diabetes self‐management behaviours except diet), and the two‐factor model for the confirmatory factor analysis had good fitness indices. The diabetes self‐efficacy scores were positively correlated with the level of diabetes self‐management.ConclusionsThe findings supported that the Korean version of the Diabetes Self‐efficacy Scale was reliable and valid in measuring self‐efficacy as related to diabetes self‐management in Korean older adults with type 2 diabetes.Relevance to clinical practiceThe Korean version of the Diabetes Self‐efficacy Scale can allow healthcare providers to effectively measure self‐efficacy related to diabetes self‐management so that they can provide the appropriate and adequate nursing care to Korean older adults with type 2 diabetes.
The efficacy of diabetic foot care education
Authors: Nemcová Jana , Hlinková Edita 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesTo survey the efficacy of education about factors that influence the learning process and behaviour of diabetics following a nursing interventional project in diabetic foot care education.BackgroundEducating diabetics can change their behaviour, which may contribute to the prevention of diabetic foot ulcer and amputation. However, there is little information on the factors that contribute to effectiveness of foot care education.DesignSurvey.MethodsThe data before education were collected by using structured assessment based on a practical reasoning scheme. The interventional diabetic foot care education project immediately followed. We used verbal and written patient education material. After education (six months), we used a questionnaire by postadministration. The data were analysed using content analysis, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.ResultsWe discovered a rise of knowledge, willingness and motivation to learn and to change the behaviour of diabetics after education. The clinical parameters (weight, Body Mass Index, blood pressure) demonstrated a statistically significant positive change six months after education.ConclusionThe findings after education show a rise in knowledge, willingness and motivation, which are important factors that contribute to changing behaviour of diabetics in diabetic foot care. After education, we identified better results in terms of weight and blood pressure, both of which play a role in the prevention of diabetic ulcer.Relevance to clinical practiceThe education valuable tool ensures knowledge, motivation and willingness to change behaviour in order to prevent diabetic foot complications of diabetics. By using structured assessment, nurses are able to modify their educational interventions.
People's experiences of suffering a lower limb fracture and undergoing surgery
Authors: Forsberg Angelica , Söderberg Siv , Engström Åsa 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesTo describe people's experiences of suffering a lower limb fracture and undergoing surgery, from the time of injury through to the care given at the hospital and recovery following discharge.BackgroundThere is a lack of research on people's experiences of suffering a lower limb fracture and undergoing surgery – from injury to recovery.DesignA qualitative approach was used.MethodsInterviews with nine participants were subjected to thematic content analysis.ResultsOne theme was expressed: from realising the seriousness of the injury to regaining autonomy. Participants described feelings of frustration and helplessness when realising the seriousness of their injury. The wait prior to surgery was a strain and painful experience, and participants needed orientation for the future. They expressed feelings of vulnerability about being in the hands of staff during surgery. After surgery, in the postanaesthesia unit, participants expressed a need to have control and to feel safe in their new situation. To mobilise and regain their autonomy was a struggle, and participants stated that their recovery was extended.Conclusions and relevance to clinical practiceParticipants found themselves in a new and unexpected situation and experienced pain, vulnerability and a striving for control during the process, that is, ‘from realising the seriousness of the injury to regaining autonomy’. How this is managed depends on how the patient's needs are met by nurses. The nursing care received while suffering a lower limb fracture and undergoing surgery should be situation specific as well as individual specific. The safe performance of technical interventions and the nurse's comprehensive explanations of medical terms may help the patient to feel secure during the process.
Long‐term effects of a nurse‐led group and individual patient education programme for patients with chronic inflammatory polyarthritis – a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Grønning Kjersti , Rannestad Toril , Skomsvoll Johan F , Rygg Lisbeth Ø , Steinsbekk Aslak 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the long‐term effect of a nurse‐led hospital‐based patient education programme combining group and individual education for patients with chronic inflammatory polyarthritis.BackgroundPatient education interventions have shown short‐term effects, but few studies have investigated whether the effects are sustained for a longer period.DesignRandomised controlled trial.MethodsPatients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and unspecified polyarthritis were randomised to the intervention group (n = 71) or a waiting list (n = 70). Primary outcomes were as follows: Global Well‐Being and the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Other Symptoms Subscale. Secondary outcomes were as follows: patient activation, physical and psychological health status, patients' educational needs and a Disease Activity Score (DAS28‐3).ResultsThe intervention group had a statistically significant higher global well‐being than the controls after 12 months, mean change score 8·2 (95% CI, 1·6–14·8; p‐value = 0·015), but not in the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Other Symptoms Subscale, mean change score 2·6 (95% CI, −1·8 to 7·1; p‐value = 0·245). Within each group, analyses showed a statistically significant improvement in DAS28‐3, mean change ‐0·3 (95% CI, −0·5 to −0·1; p‐value = 0·001), in the intervention group from baseline to 12 months, but not in the controls. The controls had a statistically significant deterioration in the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Other Symptoms Subscale, mean change −5·0 (95% CI, −8·6 to −1·3; p‐value = 0·008), Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales – 2 Social, mean change 0·3 (95% CI, 0·1–0·5; p‐value = 0·008), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale total, mean change 1·4 (95% CI, 0·3–2·5; p‐value = 0·013).ConclusionA combination of group and individual patient education has a long‐term effect on patients' global well‐being.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses should consider whether a combination of group and individual patient education for patients with chronic inflammatory polyarthritis is an alternative in their clinical practice. This combination is less time‐consuming for the patients, and it includes the benefit of group learning in addition to focusing on patient's individual educational needs.
Preventing postpartum haemorrhage: active management of the third stage of labour
Authors: de Castro Parreira Maria VB , Gomes Nádia C Ferreira 
Published: July 2013

Aims and objectivesTo review scientific publications on health to identify the main practices used for the active management of the third stage of vaginal labour and to assess their effectiveness in preventing postpartum haemorrhage.BackgroundAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO Recommendations for the Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage, 2007. WHO Document Production Services, Geneva), postpartum haemorrhage is considered to be the cause of a quarter of maternal morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. In an attempt to reduce the risk of haemorrhage, a group of interventions have been introduced into clinical practice that constitute active management conduct during the third stage of labour and are recommended by the international organisations.Design and methodsAn integrative literature review of studies on the subject in question, indexed in databases of health between the years 2006–2012, was conducted. The analysis included 13 articles, six of which were original articles and seven of which were literature reviews.ResultsBased on our data analysis, we found that most studies supported the effectiveness of active management in reducing the risk of haemorrhage, in the immediate postpartum period. Despite the fact that active management practices for the third stage of labour differ in their specific elements, in the majority of the selected studies, the interventions followed those recommended by the international organisations.ConclusionsThe results of this review of management practices supported active management of the third stage of labour to prevent postpartum haemorrhage, with five main forms of intervention: administration of oxytocin, delayed clamping of umbilical cord, draining of placental blood, controlled cord traction and uterine massage.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a need to determine gaps in the clinical practices of midwives in regard to the active management of third stage of labour, to update knowledge and practices with the latest scientific evidence.
Surface Roughness of Acrylic and Silicone‐Based Soft Liners: In Vivo Study in a Rat Model
Authors: Bail Michele , Jorge Janaina Habib , Urban Vanessa Migliorini , Campanha Nara Hellen 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this in vivo animal study was to investigate changes in the surface roughness of soft liners over time.Materials and MethodsForty adult Wistar rats (Rattus norvergicus albinus) were fitted with acrylic custom‐made palatal plates relined by dynamic impressions and tested with the following soft liners: Dentuflex (DF), Trusoft (TS), Dentusoft (DS), and Ufi Gel P (UG). Half of the animals for each tested material had the plates fitted during the material reline procedure. Their surface roughness was read immediately (IRa group, n = 5). The other half used the palatal plates for 14 days before roughness readings were performed (FRa group, n = 5). The surface roughness (Ra) of the inner surface from the relined dentures was recorded using a Surftest SJ‐401 with eight readings per specimen, and mean values were obtained. Data (μm) were analyzed by two‐way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).ResultsIRa means (2.92 ± 0.87 μm) and FRa means (3.35 ± 0.65 μm) were significantly different (p = 0.016). UG showed a lower (p = 0.01) Ra mean (2.1 ± 0.52 μm) than DF (3.94 ± 0.81 μm), TS (4.12 ± 0.64 μm), and DS (3.27 ± 0.64 μm).ConclusionsUfi Gel P showed the smoothest surface among the materials evaluated. The period of use resulted in changes in the surface roughness of the materials tested.
Influence of Full‐Contour Zirconia Surface Roughness on Wear of Glass‐Ceramics
Authors: Luangruangrong Palika , Cook N. Blaine , Sabrah Alaa H. , Hara Anderson T. , Bottino Marco C. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of full‐contour (Y‐TZP) zirconia surface roughness (glazed vs. as‐machined) on the wear behavior of glass‐ceramics.Materials and MethodsThirty‐two full contour Y‐TZP (Diazir®) specimens (hereafter referred to as zirconia sliders) (ϕ = 2 mm, 1.5 mm in height) were fabricated using CAD/CAM and sintered according to the manufacturer's instructions. Zirconia sliders were embedded in brass holders using acrylic resin and then randomly assigned (n = 16) according to the surface treatment received, that is, as‐machined or glazed. Glass‐ceramic antagonists, Empress/EMP and e.max/EX, were cut into tabs (13 × 13 × 2 mm3), wet‐finished, and similarly embedded in brass holders. Two‐body pin‐on‐disk wear testing was performed at 1.2 Hz for 25,000 cycles under a 3 kg load. Noncontact profilometry was used to measure antagonist height (μm) and volume loss (mm3). Qualitative data of the zirconia testing surfaces and wear tracks were obtained using SEM. Statistics were performed using ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05.ResultsAs‐machined yielded significantly higher mean roughness values (Ra = 0.83 μm, Rq = 1.09 μm) than glazed zirconia (Ra = 0.53 μm, Rq = 0.78 μm). Regarding glass‐ceramic antagonist loss, as‐machined zirconia caused significantly less mean height and volume loss (68.4 μm, 7.6 mm3) for EMP than the glazed group (84.9 μm, 9.9 mm3), while no significant differences were found for EX. Moreover, EMP showed significantly lower mean height and volume loss than EX (p < 0.0001). SEM revealed differences on wear characteristics between the glass‐ceramics tested.Conclusione.max wear was not affected by zirconia surface roughness; however, Empress wear was greater when opposing glazed zirconia. Overall, surface glazing on full‐contour zirconia did not minimize glass‐ceramic wear when compared with as‐machined zirconia.
Reducing Inefficiency in Public Good Provision Through Linking
Authors: GALAVOTTI STEFANO 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe characterize the optimal mechanism for the provision of n public goods in an economy with m agents, binary valuations. The mechanism “links” the n problems together because decisions and transfers are based on the whole vector of valuations of the agents. In particular, the decision on whether or not to provide a public good depends not only on the valuations of the agents for that good but, in some cases, also on the valuations for the other goods reported by the low‐valuation agents. For the two‐agent case, we show that the mechanism is asymptotically efficient and we provide an example that compares its relative efficiency with optimal separate provision and with another asymptotically efficient mechanism in the literature.
Dynamic Difference‐Form Contests
Authors: PELOSSE YOHAN 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis study presents a multistage contest designed by an organizer who chooses the (indivisible) winner prize together with the ranking scheme. When the organizer's objective is to maximize efforts, the optimal ranking scheme that selects the prize recipient coincides with a version of the piecewise linear difference‐form success function postulated by Che and Gale (2000). Even if the organizer's objective is not necessarily to maximize agents' effort, a noisy ranking of the difference‐form remains optimal.
The effects of hoarding disorder on families: an integrative review
Authors: Büscher T. P. , Dyson J. , Cowdell F. 
Published: July 2013

Accessible summaryIt is estimated that between 2% and 5% of the population experience symptoms of compulsive hoarding. Recent investigation into hoarding has shown that it is a problem in its own right and is therefore being added to a diagnostic manual of mental disorders.
This integrative literature review examines the impact that hoarding has on family members.
The comprehensive literature review spans a period from database inception to November 2012. A search of the databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, and psycINFO, together with hand searches, was completed.
Thematic analysis revealed three overriding themes: quality of life, shattered families and rallying around. These themes illuminate the negative impact that hoarding behaviour has on families and the inadequacy of available services.
The relative lack of robust evidence about the impact of hoarding behaviour on families suggests that further research is needed in this emergent field.
AbstractCompulsive hoarding affects approximately 2–5% of the adult population. Increasing recognition has led to its inclusion as a distinct condition in forthcoming revisions to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V. Hoarding behaviour can have a detrimental effect on the health and well‐being of family members. A rigorous review of available evidence using a novel three‐stage literature search was undertaken: (1) an extensive scoping review; (2) a traditional search of databases including Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, and psycINFO using combinations of keywords; and (3) review of cited references and hand‐searching of selected journals. Evidence was selected using predefined inclusion criteria. Papers included two surveys, one qualitative study and one case study. An integrative review methodology was used to synthesize the evidence presented. Analysis revealed three overriding themes: quality of life, shattered families and rallying around. These illuminated the experiences of family members. These papers revealed families under strain and often at breaking point but with the resolve to pull together if the right support is available. This review concludes that further research is needed to investigate the effects of hoarding on family members and how these may best be met.
The effects of mysid grazing on kelp zoospore survival and settlement
Authors: VanMeter Kyle , Edwards Matthew S. 
Published: July 2013

Recent studies have indicated that long‐distance dispersal by kelp zoospores may play an important role in the colonization of newly exposed rocky habitats and in the recovery of recently disturbed kelp forests. This may be facilitated by the vertical transport of zoospores into the shallower portions of the water column where they are exposed to greater alongshore currents that increase their dispersal potential. However, this vertical transport can also expose them to elevated irradiances and enhanced grazing by zooplankton, both of which negatively impact zoospore survival and settlement. In this study, we used plankton tows to show that zooplankton (mysids) were at least seven times more abundant in the surface waters than near the benthos along the edge of a large kelp forest at the time of our spring sampling. We then used feeding experiments and epifluorescence microscopy to verify that these mysids grazed on kelp zoospores. Finally, we conducted laboratory experiments to show that grazing by these mysids over a 12 h period reduced kelp zoospore settlement by at least 50% relative to treatments without grazing. Together with previous studies that have revealed the impacts of high irradiance on zoospore survival and settlement, our study indicates that the vertical transport of kelp zoospores into the shallower portions of the water can also expose them to significantly increased mortality from mysid grazing. Thus, if these patterns are consistent over broader temporal and geographic scales, vertical transport may not be a viable method for sustained long‐distance zoospore dispersal.
Three novel species in the Pseudo‐nitzschia pseudodelicatissima complex: P. batesiana sp. nov., P. lundholmiae sp. nov., and P. fukuyoi sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae) from the Strait of Malacca, Malaysia
Authors: Lim Hong Chang , Teng Sing Tung , Leaw Chui Pin , Lim Po Teen 
Published: July 2013

A study on the morphology and phylogeny of 18 strains of Pseudo‐nitzschia established from the Strait of Malacca, Peninsular Malaysia, was undertaken. Morphological data combined with molecular evidence show that they constitute three new species, for which the names, P. batesiana sp. nov., P. lundholmiae sp. nov., and P. fukuyoi sp. nov., are proposed. The three new species closely resemble species in the P. pseudodelicatissima complex sensu lato. Morphologically, P. batesiana differs from other species in the complex by having a smaller part of cell overlapping in the chain, whereas P. lundholmiae differs by having fewer poroid sectors and P. fukuyoi by having a distinct type of poroid sectors. Nucleotide sequences of the LSU rDNA (D1–D3) of the three new species reveal significant nucleotide sequence divergence (0.1%–9.3%) from each other and from other species in the P. pseudodelicatissima complex s.l. The three species are phylogenetically closely related to species in the P. pseudodelicatissima complex, with P. batesiana appearing as a sister taxon to P. circumpora, P. caciantha, and P. subpacifica; whereas P. lundholmiae and P. fukuyoi are more closely related to P. pseudodelicatissima and P. cuspidata. The three species show 2–3 compensatory base changes (CBCs) in their ITS2 transcripts when compared to the closely related species. The ITS2 with its structural information has proven its robustness in constructing a better resolved phylogenetic framework for Pseudo‐nitzschia.
Characterization of the extracellular matrix of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae): structure, composition, and adhesive characteristics
Authors: Willis Anusuya , Chiovitti Anthony , Dugdale Tony M , Wetherbee Richard 
Published: July 2013

The extracellular matrix of the ovoid and fusiform morphotypes of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin) was characterized in detail. The structural and nanophysical properties were analyzed by microscopy. Of the two morphotypes, only the ovoid form secretes adhesive mucilage; light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the mucilage was secreted from the girdle band region of the cell as cell‐substratum tethers, accumulating on the surface forming a biofilm. After 7 d, the secreted mucilage became entangled, forming adhesive strands that crisscrossed the substratum surface. In the initial secreted mucilage atomic force microscopy identified a high proportion of adhesive molecules without regular retraction curves and some modular‐like adhesive molecules, in the 7 d old biofilm, the adhesive molecules were longer with fewer adhesive events but greater adhesive strength. Chemical characterization was carried out on extracted proteins and polysaccharides. Differences in protein composition, monosaccharide composition, and linkage analysis are discussed in relation to the composition of the frustule and secreted adhesive mucilage. Polysaccharide analysis showed a broad range of monosaccharides and linkages across all fractions with idiosyncratic enrichment of particular monosaccharides and linkages in each fraction. 3‐linked Mannan was highly enriched in the cell frustule fractions indicating a major structural role, while Rhamnose and Fucose derivatives were enriched in the secreted fractions of the ovoid morphotype suggesting involvement in cell adhesion. Comparison of SDS‐PAGE of extracellular proteins showed two major bands for the ovoid morphotype and four for the fusiform morphotype of which only one appeared to be common to both morphotypes.