bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of neurocognitive‐sparing treatments for brain metastases
Authors: Savitz Samuel T. , Chen Ronald C. , Sher David J. 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDDecisions regarding how to treat patients who have 1 to 3 brain metastases require important tradeoffs between controlling recurrences, side effects, and costs. In this analysis, the authors compared novel treatments versus usual care to determine the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio from a payer's (Medicare) perspective.METHODSCost‐effectiveness was evaluated using a microsimulation of a Markov model for 60 one‐month cycles. The model used 4 simulated cohorts of patients aged 65 years with 1 to 3 brain metastases. The 4 cohorts had a median survival of 3, 6, 12, and 24 months to test the sensitivity of the model to different prognoses. The treatment alternatives evaluated included stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with 3 variants of salvage after recurrence (whole‐brain radiotherapy [WBRT], hippocampal avoidance WBRT [HA‐WBRT], SRS plus WBRT, and SRS plus HA‐WBRT). The findings were tested for robustness using probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses.RESULTSTraditional radiation therapies remained cost‐effective for patients in the 3‐month and 6‐month cohorts. In the cohorts with longer median survival, HA‐WBRT and SRS plus HA‐WBRT became cost‐effective relative to traditional treatments. When the treatments that involved HA‐WBRT were excluded, either SRS alone or SRS plus WBRT was cost‐effective relative to WBRT alone. The deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results.CONCLUSIONSHA‐WBRT and SRS plus HA‐WBRT were cost‐effective for 2 of the 4 cohorts, demonstrating the value of controlling late brain toxicity with this novel therapy. Cost‐effectiveness depended on patient life expectancy. SRS was cost‐effective in the cohorts with short prognoses (3 and 6 months), whereas HA‐WBRT and SRS plus HA‐WBRT were cost‐effective in the cohorts with longer prognoses (12 and 24 months). Cancer 2015;121:4231–4239. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Trefoil factor 1 expression suppresses Helicobacter pylori–induced inflammation in gastric carcinogenesis
Authors: Soutto Mohammed , Chen Zheng , Katsha Ahmed M. , Romero‐Gallo Judith , Krishna Uma S. , Piazuelo M. Blanca , Washington M. Kay , Peek Richard M. , Belkhiri Abbes , El‐Rifai Wael M. 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDInfection with Helicobacter pylori, a high‐risk factor for gastric cancer, is frequently associated with chronic inflammation through activation of nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB). Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) is a constitutively expressed protein in the stomach that has tumor‐suppressor functions and plays a critical role in maintaining mucosal integrity. This study investigated the role of TFF1 in regulating the proinflammatory response to H. pylori infections.METHODSFor in vitro studies, immunofluorescence, luciferase reporter assays, Western blots, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction were performed to investigate the activation of NF‐κB and its target genes in response to infections with H. pylori strains J166 and 7.13. In addition, Tff1‐knockout (KO) and Tff1–wild‐type mice were used for infections with the H. pylori strain called premouse Sydney strain 1.RESULTSThe reconstitution of TFF1 expression in gastric cancer cells significantly suppressed H. pylori–mediated increases in NF‐κB–p65 nuclear staining, transcriptional activity, and expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, chemokine [C‐X‐C motif] ligand 5, and interleukin 4 receptor) that were associated with reductions in the expression and phosphorylation of NF‐κB–p65 and IκB kinase α/β proteins. The in vivo studies using the Tff1‐KO mouse model of gastric neoplasia confirmed the in vitro findings. Furthermore, they demonstrated increases in chronic inflammation scores and in the frequency of invasive gastric adenocarcinoma in the Tff1‐KO mice infected with H. pylori versus the uninfected Tff1‐KO mice.CONCLUSIONSThese findings underscore an important protective role of TFF1 in abrogating H. pylori–mediated inflammation, a crucial hallmark of gastric tumorigenesis. Therefore, loss of TFF1 expression could be an important step in H. pylori–mediated gastric carcinogenesis. Cancer 2015;121:4348–58. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Outcomes of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection following high‐dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplantation
Authors: Cary Clint , Pedrosa Jose A. , Jacob Joseph , Beck Stephen D. W. , Rice Kevin R. , Einhorn Lawrence H. , Foster Richard S. 
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUNDCharacterizing the role of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PC‐RPLND) after high‐dose chemotherapy (HDCT) has been limited by small sample sizes. This study reports on survival after HDCT with stem cell support and PC‐RPLND as well as histologic findings in the retroperitoneum.METHODSThe prospectively maintained testicular cancer database of Indiana University was queried for patients receiving HDCT with stem cell transplantation before PC‐RPLND. The cause and date of death were obtained through patient chart review and contact with referring physicians. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to evaluate overall survival (OS). The log‐rank test was used for tests of significance. A multivariate, backward, stepwise Cox regression model was built to evaluate predictors of overall mortality.RESULTSA total of 92 patients were included in the study. In the entire cohort, the retroperitoneal (RP) histology findings at the time of PC‐RPLND were necrosis (26%), teratoma (34%), and cancer (38%). Sixty‐six patients (72%) harbored either a teratoma or active cancer in the RP specimen at PC‐RPLND. The median follow‐up for the entire cohort was 80.6 months. A total of 28 patients (30%) died during follow‐up. The 5‐year OS rate of the entire cohort was 70%. The most significant predictor of death was PC‐RPLND performed in the desperation setting with elevated markers.CONCLUSIONSDespite these patients being heavily pretreated with multiple cycles of chemotherapy, including HDCT, approximately three‐fourths were found to have a teratoma and/or active cancer in the retroperitoneum. This underscores the importance of PC‐RPLND for rendering patients free of disease and providing a potential for cure. Cancer 2015;121:4369–75. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Click‐Type PtII‐Mediated Hydroxyguanidine–Nitrile Coupling Provides Useful Catalysts for Hydrosilylation Cross‐Linking
Authors: Demakova Marina Ya. , Bolotin Dmitrii S. , Bokach Nadezhda A. , Islamova Regina M. , Starova Galina L. , Kukushkin Vadim Yu. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe nitrile complexestrans‐[PtCl2(RCN)2] (R=Et (NC1),tBu (NC2), Ph (NC3),p‐BrC6H4(NC4)) andcis‐[PtCl2(RCN)2] (R=Et (NC5),tBu (NC6), Ph (NC7)) react with 1 equiv of the hydroxyguanidine OC4H8NC(=NOH)NH2(HG) furnishing the mono‐addition productstrans‐ andcis‐[PtCl2(RCN){NH=C(R)ON=C(NH2)NC4H8O}] (1–4and9–11; 7 examples; 54–74 % yield). Treatment of any of the nitrile complexesNC1–NC7withHGin a 1:2 molar ratio generated the bis‐addition productstrans‐ andcis‐[PtCl2{NH=C(R)ON=C(NH2)NC4H8O}2] (5–8and12–14; 7 examples; 69–89 % yield). The PtII‐mediated coupling between nitrile ligands andHGproceeds substantially faster than the corresponding reactions involving amid‐ and ketoximes and gives redox stable products under normal conditions. Complexes 1,6⋅4 CH2Cl2,7⋅4 CH2Cl2,8⋅2 CH2Cl2, andNC4were studied by X‐ray crystallography. Platinum(II) species1–3,10,11, and especially9, efficiently catalyze the hydrosilylation cross‐linking of vinyl‐terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) and trimethylsilyl‐terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane‐co‐ethylhydrosiloxane) giving high‐quality thermally stable silicon resins with no structural defects. The usage of these platinum species as the catalysts does not require any inhibitors and, moreover, the complexes and their mixtures with vinyl‐ and trimethylsilyl‐terminated polysiloxanes are shelf‐stable in air.
Early adversity, neural development, and inflammation
Authors: Chiang Jessica J. , Taylor Shelley E. , Bower Julienne E. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTEarly adversity is a risk factor for poor mental and physical health. Although altered neural development is believed to be one pathway linking early adversity to psychopathology, it has rarely been considered a pathway linking early adversity to poor physical health. However, this is a viable pathway because the central nervous system is known to interact with the immune system via the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system (ANS). In support of this pathway, early adversity has been linked to changes in neural development (particularly of the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex), HPA axis and ANS dysregulation, and higher levels of inflammation. Inflammation, in turn, can be detrimental to physical health when prolonged. In this review, we present these studies and consider how altered neural development may be a pathway by which early adversity increases inflammation and thus risk for adverse physical health outcomes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 887–907, 2015.
Reductive Amination of ω‐Oxoecdysteroids in the Synthesis of Dimeric Ecdysteroids
Authors: Savchenko Rimma G. , Kostyleva Svetlana A. , Odinokov Victor N. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractN‐Alkyl‐ and N‐arylaminoecdysteroids were synthesized for the first time by reductive amination of ω‐oxoecdysteroids. By using aliphatic or aromatic diamines, dimeric ecdysteroids with an ethylenediamine or p‐phenylenediamine bridge at the C(24), C(24′)‐position of the monomeric moieties were obtained.
Synthesis of Novel, Chiral Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex‐2‐ene Amino Acid Derivatives as Useful Synthons in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Stadler Heinz 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA short and concise synthesis of novel, chiral bicyclo[3.1.0]hex‐2‐ene amino acid derivatives 13 and 14 has been developed. The key step is a stereo‐ and regioselective allylic amination of exo‐ and endo‐methyl bicyclo[3.1.0]hex‐2‐ene‐6‐carboxylates 8 and 9, which were prepared from 7,7‐dichlorobicyclo[3.2.0]hept‐2‐en‐6‐one (1). These amino acid derivatives are useful building blocks in medicinal chemistry and can be prepared as chiral compounds by using either (+)‐1 or (−)‐1 as starting material.
Refractive indices of unfilled resin mixtures and cured composites related to color and translucency of conventional and low‐shrinkage composites
Authors: Miletic Vesna , Jakovljevic Nikola , Manojlovic Dragica , Marjanovic Jovana , Rosic Aleksandra A. , Dramićanin Miroslav D. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis study correlated the refractive indices (RIs) of unfilled resin mixtures and resin‐based composites (RBCs) with color and translucency of conventional and low‐shrinkage RBCs. Unfilled resin mixtures based on different ratios of conventional monomers Bisphenol A‐glycidyl‐methacrylate (BisGMA)/triethyleneglycol‐dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and urethane‐dimethacrylate (UDMA)/TEGDMA and a low‐shrinkage monomer FIT‐852 (FIT, Esstech Inc.)/TEGDMA were used to prepare model RBCs, containing 30 wt % of the organic matrix and 70 wt % of silanated barium‐glass fillers (n = 1.553, Esstech Inc.). The RIs of resins were measured on an ABBE refractometer, those of cured RBCs using the Becke‐line method in immersion oils. Color and translucency were determined using an AvaSpec‐2048 (Avantes BV) spectrometer. The RIs of unfilled resin mixtures decreased with increasing amounts of TEGDMA. Cured RBCs had higher RIs than their respective resin mixtures. BisGMA‐based composites were more translucent with significantly lower L* values than FIT‐ and UDMA‐based RBCs. The RIs of unfilled resins positively correlated with cured RBCs (p = 0.001), as did the RIs with translucency (p = 0.001) and color (p = 0.008). Resin mixtures and corresponding RBCs based on UDMA and its modified low‐shrinkage version, FIT, showed similar optical properties. The RIs of unfilled resins appeared to be good predictors of the RIs of cured RBCs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 7–13, 2017.
Commercially Available Preparations of Recombinant Wnt3a Contain Non‐Wnt Related Activities Which May Activate TGF‐β Signaling
Authors: Carthy Jon M. , Engström Ulla , Heldin Carl‐Henrik , Moustakas Aristidis 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe Wnt ligands are a family of secreted signaling proteins which play key roles in a number of cellular processes under physiological and pathological conditions. Wnts bind to their membrane receptors and initiate a signaling cascade which leads to the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of β‐catenin. The development of purified recombinant Wnt ligands has greatly aided in our understanding of Wnt signaling and its functions in development and disease. In the current study, we identified non‐Wnt related signaling activities which were present in commercially available preparations of recombinant Wnt3a. Specifically, we found that treatment of cultured fibroblasts with recombinant Wnt3a induced immediate activation of TGF‐β and BMP signaling and this activity appeared to be independent of the Wnt ligand itself. Therefore, while purified recombinant Wnt ligands continue to be a useful tool for studying this signaling pathway, one must exercise a degree of caution when analyzing the results of experiments that utilize purified recombinant Wnt ligands. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 938–945, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An evaluation of the severity and progression of epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 1 versus hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 2
Authors: Hunter Benjamin N. , Timmins Benjamin H. , McDonald Jamie , Whitehead Kevin J. , Ward P. Daniel , Wilson Kevin F. 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant vascular dysplasia whose hallmark symptom is spontaneous recurrent epistaxis. Two major genetic subtypes of this syndrome are HHT1 and HHT2. Severity of epistaxis ranges from occasional low‐volume bleeding to frequent large‐volume hemorrhage. This study evaluated the severity and progression of epistaxis in HHT1 versus HHT2.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed for 183 genotyped HHT patients seen at our center from 2010 to 2013. Data collected included epistaxis severity score (ESS), age of epistaxis onset, number and type of treatments, age at which treatments were sought, complete blood count values, ferritin, number of telangiectases, blood transfusions, iron therapy history, and patient demographics.Results115 subjects with HHT2 were compared to 68 with HHT1. Subjects with HHT2 had a higher ESS compared to HHT1 (P = .043) and a later age of onset of epistaxis (P = .005). HHT2 subjects were more likely to use oral iron (P = .032) and were more likely to seek interventions to control their epistaxis (P = .029).ConclusionsHHT2 is associated with more severe epistaxis and a subsequent higher rate of interventions, requiring more aggressive therapy as compared to HHT1.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 126:786–790, 2016
Outcomes in endocrine cancer surgery are affected by racial, economic, and healthcare system demographics
Authors: Al‐Qurayshi Zaid , Randolph Gregory W. , Srivastav Sudesh , Kandil Emad 
Published: September 2015

Objectives/HypothesisSurgeon experience has been recognized in several clinical fields as a significant element of superior management outcomes. In this study, we seek to assess the association between surgeon volume and patients' community health status with the outcomes of thyroid and parathyroid surgery indicated for primary malignancies.Study DesignA cross‐sectional study utilizing the State Inpatient Databases, 2010–2011, for Florida, New York, and Washington was merged with the County Health Rankings database.MethodsInternational Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes were used to identify adult (≥18 years) patients who underwent thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy indicated for primary malignancies.ResultsA total of 6,347 records were included. Compared to high‐volume surgeons, patients treated by low‐volume surgeons were more likely to develop postoperative complications in the 1‐month period after the operation (odds ratio: 4.34, 95% confidence interval: 3.31‐5.70, P < .001). Furthermore, both low‐ and intermediate‐volume surgeons were associated with a longer hospital stay (>2 days) and a higher risk of admission to the intensive care unit (P < .01 each). Cost of health services was significantly in the highest quartile (>$10,254.66) for patients treated by low‐volume surgeons (P < .001). Patients who lived in communities of poor health measures had a higher risk of postoperative complications (16.3% vs. 11.8%, P = .030) independent of the clinical presentation and management type. Patients living in high health‐risk communities and those of black and Hispanic backgrounds were more likely to be treated by low‐volume surgeons (P < .001 each).ConclusionsThe surgeon's volume and the patient's living conditions are crucial and independent factors in multiple aspects of endocrine cancer management.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 126:775–781, 2016
Assessing Impacts of Crested Wheatgrass AND Native Species Establishment on Soil Characteristics in Reclaimed LAND Using Bayesian Posterior Predictive Distributions
Authors: Gasch Caley K. , Huzurbazar Snehalata V. , Wick Abbey F. , Stahl Peter D. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe examined the interacting effects of drastic disturbance and re‐vegetation communities on the development of soil properties over time. We compared soil characteristics from an undisturbed reference site with reclaimed mine sites that differed by vegetation type and time since reclamation: Three sites were seeded solely with crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) (11, 16, and 29 years old), and two were seeded with native cool‐season grass mixes (14 and 26 years old). We sampled soil at two depths (0–5 and 5–15 cm) for soil macroaggregate and microaggregate weights, aggregate carbon to nitrogen (C : N) ratios, and microbial abundance. We employed a Bayesian bivariate model to account for potential correlations in soil properties across depths and compared soil properties across sites using posterior predictive distributions. We found that all reclaimed soils, regardless of vegetation type, had total aggregate weights that were similar to the undisturbed reference soil but had a larger proportion of macroaggregates than the reference soil. Aggregate C : N ratios were similar between the undisturbed reference and crested wheatgrass soils, while the reclaimed native cool‐season grass soils had lower C : N ratios in the top 5 cm. Total microbial abundance in soils seeded with crested wheatgrass was an order of magnitude lower than that in soils occupied by native species (both reclaimed and undisturbed). The presence of crested wheatgrass on the reclaimed sites alone did not differentiate all soil properties across our reclamation sites, but seeding this single, aggressive species may have contributed to maintaining different belowground characteristics on reclaimed soils. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incontinence in children, adolescents and adults with Williams syndrome
Authors: von Gontard Alexander , Niemczyk Justine , Borggrefe‐Moussavian Sorina , Wagner Catharina , Curfs Leopold , Equit Monika 
Published: September 2015

AimsWilliams Syndrome (WS) is a microdeletion syndrome (chromosome 7q11.23) characterized by typical facial features, cardiovascular disease, behavioural symptoms, and mild intellectual disability (ID). The aim of this study was to assess the rates of incontinence and psychological problems in persons with WS.Methods231 individuals with WS were recruited through the German parent support group (52.0% male, mean age 19.4 years). Faecal incontinence (FI) was diagnosed from the age of 4 years and nocturnal enuresis (NE) and daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) of 5 years onwards. The Parental Questionnaire: Enuresis/Urinary Incontinence, the International‐Consultation‐on‐Incontinence‐Questionnaire–Pediatric LUTS (ICIQ‐CLUTS), as well as the Developmental Behavior Checklist for parents (DBC‐P) or for adults (DBC‐A) were filled out by parents or caregivers.Results17.8% of the sample had NE, 5.9% DUI and 7.6% FI. NE was present in 44.9% of children (4–12 years), 13.5% of teens (13–17y), 3.3% of young adults (18–30y) and in 3.6% of adults (> 30y). DUI (and FI) decreased from 17.9% (21.4%) in children to 0% in adults. 3.5% of the sample had an ICIQ‐CLUTS score in the clinical range. 30.5% of children and 22.1% of adults had a clinical DBC score. Children and teens with clinically relevant DBC‐P‐scores had significantly higher DUI rates.ConclusionsChildren with WS have high rates of incontinence and LUTS, which decrease with age. Most adults are continent. NE is the most common subtype. Except for DUI in children, incontinence is not associated with behavioural problems. Screening, assessment and treatment of incontinence in individuals with WS is recommended. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:1000–1005, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of PU‐TZnO solid‐phase extractor for selective detection of mercury in complex matrices
Authors: Akhtar Kalsoom , Marwani Hadi M. , Seo Jongchul , Bakhsh Esraa M. , Kim Dowan , Asiri Abdullah M. , Khan Sher Bahadar 
Published: September 2015

In this study, a new effective solid‐phase extractor (PU‐TZnO 3) was developed for a selective extraction and determination of mercury using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The selectivity of PUA (PU‐TZnO 0.5, PU‐TZnO 1, PU‐TZnO 3, or PU‐TZnO 5) was investigated toward several metal ions, including Au(III), Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Hg(II), Pb(II), Pd(II), and Zn(II). Based on selectivity and pH studies, Hg(II) was the most quantitatively adsorbed on PU‐TZNO 3 phase at pH 2, indicating that PU‐TZnO 3 is more selective for Hg(II) as compared to other metal ions. Based on the adsorption isotherm analysis, the maximum adsorption capacity of PU‐TZnO 3 phase for Hg(II) was found to be 99.68 mg g−1, following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Further kinetic models suggested pseudo second‐order kinetic model for adsorption of Hg(II) on the PU‐TZnO 3. In addition, results of thermodynamic investigation demonstrated that a general spontaneous process is favorable for adsorption mechanism of Hg(II) on PU‐TZnO 3. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:2106–2112, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
A hydrogel‐forming liquid crystalline elastomer exhibiting soft shape memory
Authors: Torbati Amir H. , Mather Patrick T. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTResearch in the field of liquid crystalline polymers has recently witnessed the introduction of liquid crystalline hydrogels. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a new liquid crystalline network featuring elastomeric softness, water‐swelling and shape memory characteristics. By comparing with a nonmesogenic network prepared using the same procedure, we reveal structure–property relationships of the liquid crystalline and crystalline polymer networks. Wide angle and small angle X‐ray scattering studies were used to examine the liquid crystalline ordering in both dry and hydrated states. Such ordering was found to be related to the observed shape memory and actuation (two‐way shape memory) properties and these phenomena are highlighted with demonstrations of shape change in response to heat and water stimuli. This study provides insight into the mechanisms affecting the shape evolution of water activated anisotropic liquid crystalline hydrogels and enables the future design of materials or devices for a variety of applications such as biomaterials interacting with body fluids in a hydrated state. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.2016,54, 38–52