bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise físico-química e microbiológica do leite comercializado em Gurupi (TO, Brasil)
Authors: Bezerra Fabíola Ameida , Pereira Douglas Henrique , Sarmento Renato Almeida , Cavallini Grasiele Soares , Souza Nelson Luis Gonçalves Dias de 
Published: July 2024

O leite bovino é uma bebida vastamente consumida e essencial para a alimentação de milhões de pessoas no mundo, pois provê importantes macro e micronutrientes, especialmente para crianças e adolescentes. Entre esses nutrientes pode-se citar; proteínas, cálcio, magnésio, fósforo, potássio, zinco, selênio, vitamina A, riboflavina, vitamina B-12 entre outros. Contudo, devido suas características físico-químicas ele é um excelente meio para o crescimento de microrganismos patógenos ou não patógenos, e por isso é necessário o tratamento térmico do leite in natura a fim de garantir a segurança alimentar. No Brasil a comercialização do leite in natura é proibida desde 1969, no entanto ainda é muito difundida no país. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as características físico-químicas e microbiológicas de amostras de leite in natura e pasteurizado comercializados na cidade de Gurupi–TO, a fim de determinar a qualidade e o risco do seu consumo. Como resultado dos parâmetros físico-químicos, verificou-se que apenas uma das amostras não estava dentro dos parâmetros de acidez previstos por lei e outra demostrou-se fora do parâmetro de densidade. Em relação os microbiológicos, os resultados foram mais preocupantes com todas as amostras apresentando altas quantidades de Coliformes totais, 83,3% testaram positivos para a presença de Coliforme termotolerantes, uma amostra indicou a presença de Salmonella ssp. e 83.3% e 75% das amostras apresentaram resultados ruins em relação aos parâmetros de Contagem Padrão em Placas e bolores/leveduras, respectivamente. Assim, o presente trabalho mostra a importância de não consumir o leite in natura e a necessidade de conscientizar a população que seu consumo envolve riscos a saúde. Por fim, indica a necessidade da fiscalização dos produtos comercializados a fim de garantir a saúde de população.
Caracterização físico-química e perfil volátil dos licores de frutos do Cerrado Brasileiro
Authors: Silva Flamys Lena do Nascimento , Reis Antonia Cássia de Sousa , Nascimento Natalia Mariana do , Santos Jéssyka Ribeiro , Santos Eliane Fialho , Rambo Magale Karine Diel 
Published: July 2024

A rica biodiversidade brasileira, em especial as frutas nativas de alto valor nutricional, como o jenipapo e o murici, apresentam grande potencial econômico e se destacam na fabricação de licor artesanal. Para serem comercializados como bebida, precisam adequar-se aos padrões regulatórios de qualidade. Neste trabalho, foi realizada as análises físico-químicas de pH, acidez total titulável, densidade, resíduo seco e sólidos solúveis (°Brix) com os seguintes valores para o licor de jenipapo: pH 3,18; 82,95 mg em ácido acético; 1,13 g/L, 42,16 % m/v, °Brix 36,1; respectivamente. Para o licor de murici pH 3,79; 1,71 g em ácido acético em 100 mL de amostra, 1,09 g/mL, 33,03 % m/v, °Brix 36. Apresentou-se ainda a identificação de compostos voláteis através da técnica de microextração em fase sólida no modo headspace (HS-SPME), sincronizada em conjunto com a técnica de Cromatografia Gasosa Acoplada à Espectrometria de Massas (GC-MS), para a caracterização do perfil químico volátil dos licores artesanais de jenipapo e murici. As classes químicas relatadas no fruto do jenipapo foram ácidos carboxílicos (69,6%), seguida de terpenóides 10,1%; álcoois, 8,7%; ésteres, 6,6%; aldeídos e cetonas, 1,0%; e outros, 3,9%. Os principais compostos encontrados no aroma do jenipapo foram ácido hexanóico, ácido octanóico, ácido tetradecanóico, linalol e limoneno. Ésteres foram os mais abundantes compostos encontrados no licor de murici (37,5%), seguidos de aminas (11,99%), álcoois (8,57%), e cetonas (0,18%).
Pengaruh PAD, Tax Effort, dan Belanja Modal Terhadap Tingkat Kemandirian Keuangan Daerah
Authors: Syafira Frijunita  , Gurendrawati Etty , Utaminingtyas Tri Hesti 
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of regional own-source revenue (PAD), tax effort, and capital expenditure on the level of regional financial independence. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling. The analytical technique employed was panel data regression, with a sample size of 34 districts and/or cities. The data used in this study were secondary data obtained from the official websites of districts/cities in Central Java Province. The results of the t-test indicate that PAD has a positive effect on the level of regional financial independence. Tax effort does not significantly affect the level of regional financial independence. Capital expenditure also does not affect the level of regional financial independence. Meanwhile, the F-test results show that PAD, tax effort, and capital expenditure can be used to predict the level of regional financial independence

Keyword: PAD, Tax Effort, Capital Expenditure, The Level of Regional Financial Independence
Source, transport and fate of nitrate in shallow groundwater in the eastern Niger Delta
Authors: Aleku Dogo Lawrence , Dähnke Kirsten , Pichler Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The eastern Niger Delta region in Nigeria is a hotspot for reactive nitrogen pollution due to extensive animal husbandry, pit latrine usage and agricultural practices. Despite the high level of human activity, the sources and processes affecting nitrogen in groundwater remain understudied. Groundwater nitrate (NO3−) concentrations are highly variable, with some areas recording values well above the safe drinking water threshold of 50 mg/L. This is particularly true near municipal sewage systems. Elevated nitrite (NO2−) and ammonium (NH4+) concentrations were also detected in the study area. Sewage analysis revealed NO3− concentrations ranging from 1 to 145 mg/L, NO2− from 0.2 to 2 mg/L, and notably high NH4+ concentrations. A comparison of major ions indicated that 71%, 90%, 87%, and 92% of groundwater samples surpassed reference site levels for calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl−), respectively, pointing to sewage as a likely source of contamination. The NO3−/Cl− ratios at several sites suggested that most groundwater NO3− originates from human waste. Stable isotope analysis of NO3− showed a general enrichment in 15N and, in some cases, a depletion in 18O, indicating that the NO3− originates from sewage-derived NH4+ nitrification. Although denitrification, a process that reduces NO3−, is present, the high dissolved oxygen (DO) and NO3− levels in the groundwater suggest that denitrification is insufficient to fully mitigate NO3− pollution. Consequently, there is a risk of NO3− leaching from shallow aquifers into the Niger Delta’s surface waters and ultimately into the coastal ocean.
Prevalence and Predictors of Hip Fragility Fractures Related Mortality Following Hip Surgery At a Tertiary Medical Centre Based in Sub Saharan Africa
Authors: Mlaki Goodluck Tumaini , Kyaruzi Victor Meza , Adinan Juma , Mandari Faitoni , Temu Rogers 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Fragility hip fracture not only is common among patient above 50 years who sustain fracture but also it is associated with very high mortality within 1 year post hip surgery. Moreover factors predicting mortality can be identified before hip surgery, modified and reduction of mortality can be achieved to our patients following hip fracture surgery.
Objective: We conducted a cross sectional analytical study which aimed at determining the prevalence and factors predicting early mortality among patients with fragility hip fractures who underwent the hip surgery at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre ( KCMC) from January 2017 to April 2022
Methods and Materials
Participants were selected by convenience sampling technique, all patients admitted with hip fractures at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) who met the inclusion criteria during the study period were recruited. The data were collected from patients’ medical files and Electronic Health Management System (EHMS) using a structured questionnaire and were processed and analyzed using SPSS version 27.
Results: The prevalence of fragility hip fracture was 4.24% among 6521 admitted trauma patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) during the study period. Male were predominant gender. 81.10% of patient were operated late; main reasons of delay were payment and comorbidities. Mortality within one year was 24.70% most death occurred within 3months accounting for 64.1%. Among the factors analyzed, the following variables showed statistically significant associations with mortality among patients who underwent surgical treatment for hip fragility fractures: Patients with Health Insurance had a significantly lower odds of death compared to those paying with cash (odds ratio = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01 - 0.84). Patients with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) above and moderate score (3-4) had significantly higher odds of death compared to those with a mild score (1-2) (odds ratio = 7.70, 95% CI: 1.03 - 57.49). `Patients with higher ASA scores (ASA2) had significantly higher odds of death compared to those with ASA1 (odds ratio = 7.70, 95% CI: 1.03 - 57.49).
Conclusion Mortality within 1-year was very high. Most patients died within 3 months post-surgery. Most of our patient were operated late, payment and comorbidities were the main reasons of delaying hip surgery at our setting
The association between weight-adjusted waist circumference index and lumbar bone mineral density
Authors: Cao Dongdong , Yu Weijie , Chen Jixin , Yang Jialin , Guo Tianci , Niu Puyu , Liu Aifeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel metric developed for assessing fat and muscle mass, showing potential advantages over traditional measures like body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Despite its promise, the relationship between WWI and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the association between lumbar BMD and WWI among adults in the United States.
Methods
Using data from the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we selected adult participants aged 20 years and older. WWI and lumbar BMD were correlated using weighted multiple linear regression, and their non-linear connection was tested using smooth curve fitting. In addition, we conducted subgroup analyses and interaction tests.
Results
After adjusting for variables influencing lumbar BMD, analysis of 11,409 participants using a multiple linear regression model revealed a significant negative correlation between WWI and lumbar BMD. Subgroup analyses indicated consistent negative correlations across all subgroups, with race, gender, and BMI stratification significantly influencing the observed negative correlation.
Conclusions:
This study found a significant negative association between WWI and lumbar BMD in American adults. These findings contribute to understanding the complex relationship between obesity-related metrics and bone health, emphasizing the importance of considering WWI as a potential indicator in assessing bone density.
Hyper virulent Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Type CT 11424 of Listeria monocytogenes isolate causing stillbirth in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Muntasir , Islam Md Saiful , Jahan M Ishrat , Deb Arpita Shyama , Rahman Afruna , Chowdhury Atique Iqbal , Islam Kazi Munisul , Hossain Mohammad Zahid , Ahmed Dilruba , Arifeen Shams El , Gurley Emily S , Rahman Mustafizur 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a foodborne pathogen that can lead to severe pregnancy outcomes. This study reports the clinical and genomic characteristics of a Listeria-mediated stillbirth identified through the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) project in Bangladesh. The Lm-BD-CHAMPS-01 isolate was recovered from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a male stillborn baby. Maternal history, clinical, and demographic data were collected by the CHAMPS surveillance platform. An expert panel evaluated all reports to determine the role of Lm infection in the causal chain of stillbirth. Genomic characterization included multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core genome MLST (cgMLST), serotyping, and the presence or absence of virulence and stress adaptation genes. Genetic divergence and phylogenetic analyses were conducted to determine the relationship with other reported isolates globally.
Results
The isolate Lm-BD-CHAMPS-01 was identified as a novel cgMLST CT11424. It belonged to ST 308, Serotype 4b, Clonal Complex 1, and Phylogenetic Lineage 1. Key Lm virulence genes facilitating the crossing of the placental barrier, including full-length inlA, LIPI-1, and LIPI-3, were detected. The isolate was closely related to clinical Lm isolates, as determined by Grapetree based on cgMLST. SNP-based phylogenetic analysis found Lm-BD-CHAMPS-01 to be the most distant from other CC1 isolates in the database. Possible sources of infection included the consumption of contaminated raw vegetables or exposure to pigeons.
Conclusions
The virulence profile of the first genome sequence of clinical Lm from Bangladesh, which also caused stillbirth, underscores the understudied nature of this pathogen in the region. Rural healthcare professionals should be aware of Lm infection risks during pregnancy. Pregnant women should be counseled on the dangers of consuming potentially contaminated raw food and exposure to animals or birds to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes due to Lm infection.
Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block on Postoperative Analgesia for Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jinaworn Pongkwan , Pannangpetch Patt , Bunanantanasan Kamonchanok , Manomaisantiphap Siwaporn , Udomsawaengsup Suthep , Thepsoparn Marvin , Saeyup Pipat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Bariatric surgery advocates multimodal analgesia, discouraging opioid use to minimize side effects such as nausea and vomiting during postoperative pain management for quicker recovery. Combining erector spinae plane block (ESPB) with multimodal analgesia aims to reduce opioid consumption, improving postoperative recovery. This study aimed to compare morphine consumption between patients with morbid obesity undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery with and without ESPB.
Methods: This study enrolled 91 patients with morbid obesity who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery involving either sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass. Of these, 63 patients were included in this study. The participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group, which received an ESPB before the standard anesthesia protocol, or the control group without any pre-anesthesia block. The primary outcome measured was 24-h morphine consumption via a patient-controlled analgesia machine. Secondary outcomes included patients' satisfaction, postoperative numerical rating score, changes over time, and quality of recovery (QoR) using the Thai QoR-35 score.
Results: We found no statistically significant difference in morphine consumption between the intervention group, which received an ESPB before the standard anesthesia protocol, and the control group without any pre-anesthesia block. Furthermore, our analysis revealed no significant differences in patient satisfaction, postoperative numeric rating score, or QoR across all five aspects evaluated using the Thai QoR-35 score.
Conclusion: ESPB did not reduce morphine consumption and quality of recovery during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Further studies are required to confirm and identify the reason of the ineffectiveness.
Educational Intervention Impact on Nurses' Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Models: A Longitudinal Randomized Trial
Authors: Fragkaki Maria , Kavga-Paltoglou Anna , Kelesi Martha , Fasoi Georgia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Emotional intelligence plays a critical role in nursing leadership,influencing organizational dynamics and patient care. However, there is limitedunderstanding of the impact of Emotional Intelligence on leadership in Primary Health Care in theGreek context.
Methods: A longitudinal experimental design assessed the effects of an educationalintervention on Emotional Intelligence and leadership among Greek Primary Health Care nurses. Questionnaires,including the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale and MultifactorLeadership Questionnaire, were administered pre- and post-intervention.
Results: The intervention group exhibited significant improvements in Emotional Intelligence andadoption of transformational leadership styles compared to the control group. Tableshighlighted nuanced changes in leadership dynamics post-intervention.
Conclusion: Educational interventions effectively enhance nurses’ Emotional Intelligence and influenceleadership styles, emphasizing the need for tailored professional developmentprograms in nursing education.
Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical, registration reference: IRCT 20240126060816N1 (Trial ID 75188) at 30/01/2024 “retrospectively registered”.
Assessing Cognitive Function by a Virtual Reality Serious Game System in Schizophrenia Patients at Stable Phase: A prospective nonrandomized clinical trial
Authors: Li Xingxing , Zhuo Yu , Yu Jianying , Zhao Wenting , Wu Chenxin , Yan Kai , Yue Leiyu , Sun Yu , Xiong Qian , Cao Xi , Kou Xiaomin , Liu Zhenmi , Meng Xiandong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Cognitive impairments are enduring characteristics and core deficits in patients of schizophrenia, particularly impairments in working memory and executive function. It is very important to accurately assess the true cognitive function of schizophrenia patients, but the existing assessment tools have shortcomings in the aspects of ecological assessment, immersion and fun assessment. Virtual reality (VR) technologies and serious games have shown potential in these aspects.
Methods: We conducted a prospective non-randomized controlled trial to explore the application of a VR serious game system, integrating VR technology and serious game, in assessing cognitive functions in patients with SZ. Forty-two patients with SZ and sixty-five healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. The system recorded and scored the participants' performance in the VR serious game. We compared the performance between patients with SZ and HCs, and further explored its association with the scores by Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (B-CATS). Further, machine learning models were established to classify patients with SZ and HCs.
Results: Significant differences were observed in the performances of VR serious game between the two groups. The performances of VR serious game was consistent with the scores by B-CATS, particularly in the SZ group. Machine learning models effectively classified patients with SZ and HCs based on results of VR serious game, with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve areas of 0.804 using Logistic Regression Machine model (LRM) and 0.819 using Support Vector Machine (SVM) model.
Conclusion: These findings emphasized the potential of utilizing VR serious game system as a cognitive assessment tool for patients with SZ at stable phase.
A retrospective analysis: incidence and risk factors of blood transfusion after lumbar spinal surgery
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Wu Changda , Hao Zihua , Dai Zhengfeng , Huang Wencheng , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Blood transfusion is a frequently observed complication subsequent to lumbar spinal surgery (LSS), which may potentially result in a range of unfavorable consequences. However, a related large-scale multi-center analysis has not been conducted thus far.
Methods
A retrospective database analysis was performed using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, which is the largest comprehensive hospital care database in the United States. The analysis included the data from 2010 to 2019, evaluating the patient's demographic characteristics, health system data, comorbidities, and medical and surgical issues during the perioperative process.
Results
There were 931,789 patients undergoing LSS..The overall incidence rate of blood transfusion was found to be 7.3%, generally decreasing from 8.6% in 2010 to 5.0% in 2019. Patients undergoing LSS with blood transfusions exhibited a higher prevalence of comorbidities, prolonged length of stay, increased total hospitalization costs, and elevated in-hospital mortality rates. These patients were associated with complications including thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, postoperative shock, gastrointestinal bleeding, chest pain, respiratory failure, heart failure, hemorrhage, and wound infection. Risk factors associated with blood transfusion included advanced age (≥ 65 years), female, alcohol abuse, deficiency anemia, rheumatoid diseases, chronic blood loss anemia, congestive heart failure, coagulopathy, metastatic cancer, obesity, peripheral vascular disorders, chronic renal failure, solid tumor without metastasis, valvular disease.
Conclusion
Blood transfusion emerges as a frequent complication following LSS and several risk factors were identified, which will help ensure safe management of postoperative patients and improve outcomes. Clinicians should pay more attention to these factors, thereby improving perioperative management.
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of 15-Month Ambulatory Long COVID in Unvaccinated Adults
Authors: Silva Rosilene da , Silva Camilla Costa , Silva Livia Caroline Machado da , Neves Pablo Fabiano Moura das , de Assis Gabriela Maria Coimbra Coelho , Berg Ana Virgínia Soares van den , Falcão Aline Semblano Carreira , Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando da Costa , Santos Eduardo José Melo dos , Vallinoto Antonio Carlos Rosário , Quaresma Juarez Antônio Simões , Falcão Luiz Fábio Magno 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The extent of long COVID-19 across the world seems uncertain. Existing studies have not fully elucidated the profile, extent, and progression of the disease or its long-term severity.
Objectives
We described and analysed the symptoms and sequelae of unvaccinated patients with long COVID for up to 15 months in the Brazilian Amazon.
Methods
We interviewed 300 patients aged 18 years or older with post-COVID-19 symptoms, screened based on a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, from September 2020 to July 2021 in a cross-sectional study.
Results
The median age of the patients was 47 years, and 62% were women. Our data suggest that those who had mild COVID-19 (61%) in the acute phase of illness appeared to have prolonged symptoms of COVID-19; 84% had symptoms for more than 3 months that persisted for up to 15 months. Acute symptoms of COVID-19 that persisted over the long COVID were observed in 43% of patients; 14% developed new symptoms, and 43% had new and persistent symptoms. Less tolerable symptoms such as fatigue and shortness of breath were more common in male patients with non-mild illnesses, whereas more tolerable symptoms, such as anosmia and taste changes, were more common in female patients with mild illnesses.
Conclusion
Our results suggest a high prevalence of some symptoms related to the post-COVID-19 phase as well as a supposed correlation between the duration of COVID-19 and the number of symptoms, which appear to increase over time. These results can be explained by factors such as the pathophysiology of the disease itself; however, more comparative studies are needed to elucidate the role of other factors, such as environmental and socioeconomic factors.