bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Surface-and-Interface Coupling in Pd-Nanoparticle-coated LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures: Strong Gas- and Photo-Induced Conductance Modulation
Authors: Kim Haeri , Chan Ngai Yui , Dai Ji-yan , Kim Dong-Wook 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPd nanoparticle (NP) coated LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) heterointerface exhibits more notable conductance (G) change while varying the ambient gas (N2, H2/N2 and O2) and illuminating with UV light (wavelength: 365 nm) than a sample without the NPs. Simultaneous Kelvin probe force microscopy and transport measurements reveal close relationships between the surface work function (W) and G of the samples. Quantitative analyses suggest that a surface adsorption/desorption-mediated reaction and redox, resulting in a band-alignment modification and charge-transfer, could explain the gas- and photo-induced conductance modulation at the LAO/STO interface. Such surface-and-interface coupling enhanced by catalytic Pd NPs is a unique feature, quite distinct from conventional semiconductor hetero-junctions, which enables the significant conductance tunability at ultrathin oxide heterointerfaces by external stimuli.
High pressure Raman spectroscopy of H2O-CH3OH mixtures
Authors: Hsieh Wen-Pin , Chien Yu-Hsiang 
Published: February 2015

AbstractComplex intra-molecular interactions and the hydrogen-bonding network in H2O-volatile mixtures play critical roles in many dynamics processes in physical chemistry, biology and Earth and planetary sciences. We used high pressure Raman spectroscopy to study the pressure evolution of vibrational frequencies and bonding behavior in H2O-CH3OH mixtures. We found that the presence of low CH3OH content in H2O increases the transition pressure where water crystallizes to ice VI, but does not significantly change the pressure where ice VI transforms to ice VII. Furthermore, the stiffening rates of C-H stretching frequencies dω/dP in CH3OH significantly decrease upon the crystallization of water and the softening rates of the O-H stretching frequencies of ice VII are suppressed over a narrow pressure range, after which the frequencies of these modes shift with pressure in ways similar to pure CH3OH and ice VII, respectively. Such complex pressure evolution of Raman frequencies along with pronounced variations in Raman intensities of CH3OH within the sample and the hysteresis of the water-ice VI phase transition suggest pressure-induced segregation of low content CH3OH from ice VII. These findings indicate the significant influence of volatiles on the crystallization of sub-surface ocean and thermal evolution within large icy planets and satellites.
Probing the electronic and spintronic properties of buried interfaces by extremely low energy photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Fetzer Roman , Stadtmüller Benjamin , Ohdaira Yusuke , Naganuma Hiroshi , Oogane Mikihiko , Ando Yasuo , Taira Tomoyuki , Uemura Tetsuya , Yamamoto Masafumi , Aeschlimann Martin , Cinchetti Mirko 
Published: February 2015

AbstractUltraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) is a powerful tool to study the electronic spin and symmetry features at both surfaces and interfaces to ultrathin top layers. However, the very low mean free path of the photoelectrons usually prevents a direct access to the properties of buried interfaces. The latter are of particular interest since they crucially influence the performance of spintronic devices like magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Here, we introduce spin-resolved extremely low energy photoemission spectroscopy (ELEPS) to provide a powerful way for overcoming this limitation. We apply ELEPS to the interface formed between the half-metallic Heusler compound Co2MnSi and the insulator MgO, prepared as in state-of-the-art Co2MnSi/MgO-based MTJs. The high accordance between the spintronic fingerprint of the free Co2MnSi surface and the Co2MnSi/MgO interface buried below up to 4 nm MgO provides clear evidence for the high interface sensitivity of ELEPS to buried interfaces. Although the absolute values of the interface spin polarization are well below 100%, the now accessible spin- and symmetry-resolved wave functions are in line with the predicted existence of non-collinear spin moments at the Co2MnSi/MgO interface, one of the mechanisms evoked to explain the controversially discussed performance loss of Heusler-based MTJs at room temperature.
T helper 9 cells induced by plasmacytoid dendritic cells regulate interleukin-17 in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ruocco Gabriella , Rossi Silvia , Motta Caterina , Macchiarulo Giulia , Barbieri Francesca , De Bardi Marco , Borsellino Giovanna , Finardi Annamaria , Grasso Maria Grazia , Ruggieri Serena , Gasperini Claudio , Furlan Roberto , Centonze Diego , Battistini Luca , Volpe Elisabetta 
Published: February 2015

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by persistent inflammation orchestrated by cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 T helper (Th) cells. In particular, Th1 and Th17 cells amplify, whereas T regulatory (Treg) cells moderate inflammation. The role of other Th subsets in MS is not clear. In the present study, we investigated the generation of different Th responses by human dendritic cells (DCs) in MS. We compared the production of several Th cytokines by naive CD4+ T-cells polarized with myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs (mDCs and pDCs) in healthy donors (HD) and relapsing–remitting (RR)-MS patients. We found that resiquimod-stimulated mDCs were able to activate Th17 differentiation, whereas pDCs induced interleukin (IL)-10-producing Th cells. Surprisingly, resiquimod-stimulated pDCs from MS patients also significantly induced the differentiation of Th9 cells, which produce IL-9 and are known to be involved in allergic diseases. We investigated the potential role of IL-9 in MS. We found that IL-9 activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT5 phosphorylation and interfered with IL-17 and interferon (IFN) regulatory transcription factor (IRF)-4 expression in Th17-polarized cells. Moreover, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 107 RR-MS patients, IL-9 inversely correlated with indexes of inflammatory activity, neurodegeneration and disability progression of MS. High levels of IL-9 were associated with the absence of IL-17 in the CSF of RR-MS patients. Our results demonstrate a Th9-inducing potential of pDCs in MS, suggesting an immunoregulatory role leading to attenuation of the exaggerated Th17 inflammatory response.
Pigment epithelium-derived factor regulates microvascular permeability through adipose triglyceride lipase in sepsis
Authors: He Ting , Hu Jiongyu , Yan Guangning , Li Lingfei , Zhang Dongxia , Zhang Qiong , Chen Bing , Huang Yuesheng 
Published: February 2015

The integrity of the vascular barrier, which is essential to blood vessel homoeostasis, can be disrupted by a variety of soluble permeability factors during sepsis. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a potent endogenous anti-angiogenic molecule, is significantly increased in sepsis, but its role in endothelial dysfunction has not been defined. To assess the role of PEDF in the vasculature, we evaluated the effects of exogenous PEDF in vivo using a mouse model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis and in vitro using human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs). In addition, PEDF was inhibited using a PEDF–monoclonal antibody (PEDF–mAb) or recombinant lentivirus vectors targeting PEDF receptors, including adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and laminin receptor (LR). Our results showed that exogenous PEDF induced vascular hyperpermeability, as measured by extravasation of Evan's Blue (EB), dextran and microspheres in the skin, blood, trachea and cremaster muscle, both in a normal state and under conditions of sepsis. In control and LR–shRNA-treated HDMECs, PEDF alone or in combination with inflammatory mediators resulted in activation of RhoA, which was accompanied by actin rearrangement and disassembly of intercellular junctions, impairing endothelial barrier function. But in ATGL–shRNA-treated HDMECs, PEDF failed to induce the aforementioned alterations, suggesting that PEDF-induced hyperpermeability was mediated through the ATGL receptor. These results reveal a novel role for PEDF as a potential vasoactive substance in septic vascular hyperpermeability. Furthermore, our results suggest that PEDF and ATGL may serve as therapeutic targets for managing vascular hyperpermeability in sepsis.
Microwave waveguide filter with broadside wall slots
Authors: Shang Xiaobang , Lancaster Michael J. , Dimov Stefan 
Published: February 2015

An investigation into rectangular waveguide filters with open slots on the broad side walls is reported. This type of waveguide filter eliminates the need for direct contact between the two waveguide halves and intentionally leaves a gap in the middle of broad side walls. For X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz) waveguides, such a gap can be nearly as wide as 9% of the internal waveguide width a, without introducing any significant radiation loss. A fifth‐order filter centred at 10 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 2% is designed based on such a structure, and fabricated from aluminium and tested. There is good agreement between measurement and simulation results. This verifies the proposed structure as well as the design procedure.
Adherence to Buprenorphine Treatment Guidelines in a Medicaid Program
Authors: Baxter Jeffrey D. , Clark Robin E. , Samnaliev Mihail , Aweh Gideon , O'Connell Elizabeth 
Published: February 2015

Background Buprenorphine is the most frequently prescribed medication for treating substance use disorders in the United States, but few studies have evaluated the structure of treatment delivered in real-world settings. The purpose of this study is to investigate adherence to current buprenorphine treatment guidelines using administrative data for Massachusetts Medicaid. Methods We identified buprenorphine treatment episodes beginning in 2009 through pharmacy claims. We then used service claims to identify treatment-related physician, behavioral, and laboratory services received in the induction, stabilization, and maintenance phases of these treatment episodes. Rates of service utilization were compared with those recommended in treatment guidelines. Results A total of 3674 treatment episodes met inclusion criteria, representing 3005 unique Medicaid beneficiaries. Liver enzymes were tested in 47.3% of episodes, but testing for hepatitis C (23.2%), hepatitis B (19.6%), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; 13.7%) was less frequent. Adherence to recommended physician visit frequency was 37.6% during induction, 39.7% during stabilization, and 51.2% during maintenance. For behavioral care, adherence rates were 40.0% during induction, 41.2% during stabilization, and 41.0% during maintenance. Rates of toxicology testing met or exceeded recommendations in just over 60% of episodes in the induction (61.1%), stabilization (62.1%), and maintenance (61.4%) phases. Although rates varied by treatment phase, substantial proportions of episodes showed no evidence of physician visits (27.2–42.8%), behavioral care (44.3–60.0%), and toxicology screening (25.3–39.0%). Conclusions Our data suggest that there is significant variability in the structure of buprenorphine treatment provided to Massachusetts Medicaid beneficiaries, and that half or less of episodes include physician and behavioral visits at recommended frequencies. The use of administrative data for this type of analysis is limited by the potential for missing or inaccurate data. More research is needed to establish the levels of services most closely associated with positive outcomes to help guide providers in offering the highest-quality care.
Assessment of the Long-Term Viability of the Myxospores of Myxobolus cerebralis as Determined by Production of the Actinospores by Tubifex tubifex
Authors: Nehring R. Barry , Schisler George , Chiaramonte Luciano , Horton Annie , Poole Barbara 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
While whirling disease was first observed in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in 1893, the complete life cycle of Myxobolus cerebralis (Mc), the causative agent of the disease, was not understood until 1984, when it was shown to involve two obligate hosts, a salmonid fish and the aquatic oligochaete Tubifex tubifex (Tt). The viability of the triactinomyxon (TAM) actinospores produced by Tt has been well studied, and is known to be temperature dependent and measured in days and weeks. Assertions that Mc myxospores produced by infected fish remain viable for years or even decades were made during the mid-20th century, decades before the Mc life cycle was described. Moreover, the duration of myxospore viability has not been well studied since the life cycle was elucidated. In a series of time-delay treatments, we assessed the long-term viability of Mc myxospores by exposure to Mc-susceptible Tt oligochaetes and quantified TAM production. As the time delay between inoculation and incubation of Mc myxospores in sand and water and exposure to Tt oligochaetes increased, TAM production decreased exponentially. Production among the 15-d time-delay replicates was reduced 74.7% compared with the 0-d treatment. Likewise, total TAM production was reduced 94.5, 99.4, and 99.9%, respectively, in the 90-, 120-, and 180-d time-delay treatments. Linear regression analysis of our data and the absence of TAM production among replicates of Mc myxospores held at 5°C for 365 d prior to exposure to Mc-susceptible Tt oligochaetes indicate that the long-term viability of Mc myxospores is less than 1 year under the conditions of this study.
Received May 14, 2014; accepted September 27, 2014
Efficacy of Florfenicol for Control of Mortality Associated with Edwardsiella ictaluri in Three Species of Catfish
Authors: Gaunt Patricia S. , Chatakondi Nagaraj , Gao Dana , Endris Richard 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The efficacy of florfenicol for control of mortality associated with Edwardsiella icatluri was studied in fingerlings of Channel Catfish Ictalurus puntatus (Delta strain), Blue Catfish I. furcatus (D&B strain), and a hybrid catfish (Delta strain Channel Catfish × D&B strain Blue Catfish). On day 0, fish were immersion challenged in 65-L aquaria. For each of the three species of catfish, 10 aquaria were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, either treated with florfenicol at 0 mg/kg of body weight (unmedicated feed) or at 10 mg/kg (medicated feed). Fish were treated for 10 consecutive days, monitored for mortality during this treatment period, and observed for 14 d afterwards. Post observation, all survivors were humanely euthanized in tricaine methanesulfonate, cultured for E. ictaluri, and examined for gross pathology. The mean cumulative percent mortality from enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) challenge among the three genotypes of catfish did not differ between Blue Catfish, hybrid, and Channel Catfish in treated or control groups. However, the florfenicol-treated fish had a significantly lower mean cumulative mortality (6%) than the controls (78%). All genotypes of catfish tested were responsive to treatment with florfenicol-medicated feed for control of mortality associated with ESC. There were no significant differences in mortality associated with hybrid catfish, blue catfish, and Channel Catfish (Delta strain).
Received July 20, 2014; accepted October 10, 2014
Activating transcription factor 5 is required for mouse olfactory bulb development via interneuron
Authors: Umemura Mariko , Tsunematsu Kanako , Shimizu Yusuke I , Nakano Haruo , Takahashi Shigeru , Higashiura Yasutomo , Okabe Masaru , Takahashi Yuji 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) is a stress response transcription factor of the cAMP-responsive element-binding/ATF family. Earlier, we reported that ATF5 expression is up-regulated in response to stress, such as amino acid limitation or arsenite exposure. Although ATF5 is widely expressed in the brain and the olfactory epithelium, the role of ATF5 is not fully understood. Here, the olfactory bulbs (OBs) of ATF5-deficient mice are smaller than those of wild-type mice. Histological analysis reveals the disturbed laminar structure of the OB, showing the thinner olfactory nerve layer, and a reduced number of interneurons. This is mainly due to the reduced number of bromodeoxyuridine-positive proliferating cells in the subventricular zone, where the interneuron progenitors are formed and migrate to the OBs. Moreover, the olfaction-related aggressive behavior of ATF5-deficient mice is reduced compared to wild-type mice. Our data suggest that ATF5 plays a crucial role in mouse OB development via interneuron.
Spirit at work in faculty and staff organizational commitment
Authors: Bell-Ellis Rhonda S. , Jones Linda , Longstreth Molly , Neal Judi 
Published: February 2015

This study examines the impact of four dimensions of spirit at work on organizational commitment: (1) engaging work, (2) sense of community, (3) mystical experience, and (4) spiritual connection. Eight hundred and forty participants from two universities – one faith-based and
one secular – were surveyed using the Spirit at Work Scale and the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire. On average, employees at the faith-based university were significantly more committed to their institution and had higher spirit at work than did employees of the secular university
(p < 0.000). While there have been studies on this relationship in health care settings, this is the first such study in higher education. This study adds to the literature in the workplace spirituality field, where few empirical studies on the connection between spirit
at work and organizational commitment exist.
Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of the Lionfish Invasion in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Perspectives from a Broadscale Trawl Survey
Authors: Switzer Theodore S. , Tremain Derek M. , Keenan Sean F. , Stafford Christopher J. , Parks Sheri L. , McMichael Robert H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The recent introduction of invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish species (Red Lionfish Pterois volitans and Devil Firefish P. miles, hereafter collectively referred to as lionfish) into the western Atlantic Ocean has been extensively documented in both the scientific literature and the media. Nevertheless, much of the information synthesized has been obtained via diver-based surveys and there is likely a depth-related bias to the understanding of the temporal and spatial dynamics of the lionfish invasion. Accordingly, we examined data from a broadscale fisheries-independent trawl survey of bare substrates and low-relief habitats that was initiated in 2008 in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Lionfish were first observed in the survey in 2010, when two individuals were collected off southwestern Florida. The distribution of lionfish continued to expand northward through the Florida panhandle in 2011 and 2012, when 40 and 29 lionfish were collected, respectively. A dramatic increase in the abundance (391 individuals) and distribution of lionfish occurred in 2013. Evidence from this survey suggests that lionfish first colonized deeper (&gt;30 m) low-relief habitats before populations expanded into shallower waters. The prevalence of lionfish on primarily nonreef habitats at depths beyond those frequented by recreational divers will likely have important implications for efforts to control or eradicate lionfish populations in the region. Moving forward, information from long-term, multispecies surveys such as this will continue to provide valuable insight into the spatial and temporal dynamics of the lionfish invasion and allow us to assess long-term ecological consequences of increasing lionfish abundances.
Received August 3, 2014; accepted November 7, 2014
Calibrating the Human Mutation Rate via Ancestral Recombination Density in Diploid Genomes
Authors: Lipson Mark , Loh Po-Ru , Sankararaman Sriram , Patterson Nick , Berger Bonnie , Reich David 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe human mutation rate is an essential parameter for studying the evolution of our species, interpreting present-day genetic variation, and understanding the incidence of genetic disease. Nevertheless, our current estimates of the rate are uncertain. Most notably, recent approaches based on countingde novomutations in family pedigrees have yielded significantly smaller values than classical methods based on sequence divergence. Here, we propose a new method that uses the fine-scale human recombination map to calibrate the rate of accumulation of mutations. By comparing local heterozygosity levels in diploid genomes to the genetic distance scale over which these levels change, we are able to estimate a long-term mutation rate averaged over hundreds or thousands of generations. We infer a rate of 1.61 ± 0.13 × 10−8mutations per base per generation, which falls in between phylogenetic and pedigree-based estimates, and we suggest possible mechanisms to reconcile our estimate with previous studies. Our results support intermediate-age divergences among human populations and between humans and other great apes.
The InSilicoGenotyper (ISG): an open-source pipeline to rapidly identify and annotate nucleotide variants for comparative genomics applications
Authors: Sahl Jason W. , Beckstrom-Sternberg Stephen M. , Babic-Sternberg James S. , Gillece John D. , Hepp Crystal M. , Auerbach Raymond K. , Tembe Waibhav , Wagner David M. , Keim Paul S. , Pearson Talima 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThe identification and annotation of nucleotide variants, including insertions/deletions and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), from whole genome sequence data is important for studies of bacterial evolution, comparative genomics, and phylogeography. TheinSilicoGenotyper (ISG) represents a parallel, tested, open source tool that can perform these functions and scales well to thousands of bacterial genomes. ISG is written in Java and requires MUMmer (Delcher, et al., 2003), BWA (Li and Durbin, 2009), and GATK (McKenna, et al., 2010) for full functionality. The source code and compiled binaries are freely available fromhttps://github.com/TGenNorth/ISGPipelineunder a GNU General Public License. Benchmark comparisons demonstrate that ISG is faster and more flexible than comparable tools.