bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change in Switzerland: a review of physical, institutional, and political aspects
Authors: Brönnimann Stefan , Appenzeller Christof , Croci‐Maspoli Mischa , Fuhrer Jürg , Grosjean Martin , Hohmann Roland , Ingold Karin , Knutti Reto , Liniger Mark A. , Raible Christoph C. , Röthlisberger Regine , Schär Christoph , Scherrer Simon C. , Strassmann Kuno , Thalmann Philippe 
Published: March 2014

Climate change is clearly discernible in observed climate records in Switzerland. It impacts on natural systems, ecosystems, and economic sectors such as agriculture, tourism, and energy, and it affects Swiss livelihood in various ways. The observed and projected changes call for a response from the political system, which in Switzerland is characterized by federalism and direct democratic instruments. Swiss climate science embraces natural and social sciences and builds on institutionalized links between researchers, public, and private stakeholders. In this article, we review the physical, institutional, and political aspects of climate change in Switzerland. We show how the current state of Swiss climate science and policy developed over the past 20 years in the context of international developments and national responses. Specific to Switzerland is its topographic setting with mountain regions and lowlands on both sides of the Alpine ridge, which makes climate change clearly apparent and for some aspects (tourist sector, hydropower, and extreme events) highly relevant and better perceivable (e.g., retreating glaciers). Not surprisingly the Alpine region is of central interest in Swiss climate change studies.This article is categorized under:Trans‐Disciplinary Perspectives > National Reviews
Integra® Dermal Regenerative Template Application on Exposed Tendon
Authors: Hulsen John , Diederich Ryan , Neumeister Michael W. , Bueno Reuben A. 
Published: March 2014

Background Tendon without paratenon presents the reconstructive surgeon with a tissue coverage challenge. Integra® dermal regenerative template has been shown to initiate a stable, vascularized bed for skin grafting over tendon. However, histological processes that occur during incorporation have not been described. The purpose of this study is to characterize the pattern of changes that occur when Integra® is applied to an avascular tendon. We hypothesize that vascular incorporation will originate from the wound periphery and proceed toward the tendon center. Methods A full-thickness defect was created over a denuded Achilles tendon in a single hind limb in eight New Zealand white rabbits. Integra was placed over the avascular tendon, and the limb was dressed and splinted. Two animals were euthanized at each timepoint (weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4), and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissue specimens were microscopically evaluated. Results Week 1 specimens demonstrated limited adherence between Integra and the tendon, while myofibroblasts were found encircling the tendon. No cellularity was noted centrally. At week 2, the dermis–Integra junction had increasing vascularity and the central portion developed increasing cellularity. By week 3, Integra was completely revascularized. At week 4, Integra had the histological appearance of normal dermis. Conclusion Neovascularization of Integra® over exposed tendon occurs from the peripheral tissue. Ingrowth proceeds from the dermis–Integra interface toward the center of the graft. Four weeks after application to the denuded tendon, Integra has the histological appearance of native dermis.
Characteristics of head‐up tilt testing with additional adenosine compared with head‐up tilt testing with isoproterenol and isosorbide dinitrate
Authors: Watanabe Norikazu , Kawasaki Shirou , Oonishi Yoshimi , Onuma Yoshimasa , Munetsugu Yumi , Itou Takayuki , Onuki Tatsuya , Miyoshi Fumito , Minoura Yoshino , Adachi Tarou , Kawamura Mitsuharu , Asano Taku , Tanno Kaoru , Kobayashi Youichi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundHead‐up tilt (HUT) testing is used to establish the diagnosis of neurally mediated syncope (NMS). Adenosine administration during HUT testing is useful for inducing NMS. However, no comparison between adenosine HUT testing and HUT testing using other drugs has been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical usefulness of adenosine compared with isoproterenol (ISP) and isosorbide (ISDN) during HUT testing.MethodsThe subjects comprised 103 consecutive patients with unexplained syncope who underwent adenosine and isoproterenol (ISP) HUT tests following a negative response in a drug‐free HUT test. Subjects were first tilted upright at an 80° angle for 30 min and shown to have a negative response in drug‐free HUT test. Subsequently, a continuous bolus of 0.1‐ or 0.2‐mg/kg adenosine was administered while the subjects remained upright and were observed for 5 min (adenosine HUT test). Next, they were tilted upright for 15 min during a continuous infusion of 0.01–0.02 mg/kg min ISP (ISP HUT test). Lastly, they were tilted upright for 15 min after 1.25‐mg ISDN infusion (ISDN HUT test).ResultsThe diagnostic yield of the adenosine HUT test was 18.1% (18/99) and that of the ISP HUT test was 6.0% (6/99; p=N.S.). Sixty‐one of 99 patients underwent ISDN HUT testing, and 17 patients had a positive response. The diagnostic yield of the adenosine HUT test was 14.7% (9/61) and that of ISDN HUT test was 27.8% (p<0.05). Five patients had positive responses in both adenosine and ISDN HUT tests. Conversely, 4 patients had a positive response in the adenosine HUT test and a negative response in the ISDN HUT test.ConclusionThe adenosine HUT test was effective in the diagnosis of NMS and is useful as the ISP HUT test for inducing NMS. The diagnostic yield of the adenosine HUT test was not higher than that of the ISDN HUT test. However, the adenosine HUT test took only a few minutes and induced NMS in some of the patients in whom NMS was not induced by the ISDN HUT test. Therefore, performing adenosine HUT testing is worthwhile.
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 modulates invasion and metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells
Authors: David Muriel , Naudin Cécile , Letourneur Martine , Polrot Mélanie , Renoir Jack-Michel , Lazar Vladimir , Dessen Philippe , Roche Serge , Bertoglio Jacques , Pierre Josiane 
Published: March 2014

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1 is an inducible negative regulator of cytokine signaling but its role in human cancer is not completely established. Here we report that, while SOCS1 is expressed in normal colonic epithelium and colon adenocarcinomas, its level decreases during progression of colon adenocarcinomas, the lowest level being found in the most aggressive stage and least differentiated carcinomas. Forced expression of SOCS1 in metastatic colorectal SW620 cells reverses many characteristics of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), as highlighted by the disappearance of the transcription factor ZEB1 and the mesenchymal form of p120ctn and the re‐expression of E‐cadherin. Furthermore, miRNA profiling indicated that SOCS1 also up‐regulates the expression of the mir‐200 family of miRNAs, which can promote the mesenchymal–epithelial transition and reduce tumor cell migration. Accordingly, overexpression of SOCS1 induced cell morphology changes and dramatically reduced tumor cell invasion in vitro. When injected in nude mice, SOCS1‐expressing SW620 cells induced metastases in a smaller number of animals than parental SW620 cells, and did not generate any adrenal gland or bone metastasis. Overall, our results suggest that SOCS1 controls metastatic progression of colorectal tumors by preventing the mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET), including E‐cadherin expression. This pathway may be associated with survival to colorectal cancer by reducing the capacity of generating metastases.
Soya protein stimulates bile acid excretion by the liver and intestine through direct and indirect pathways influenced by the presence of dietary cholesterol
Authors: Arellano-Martínez Gloria Leticia , Granados Omar , Palacios-González Berenice , Torres Nimbe , Medina-Vera Isabel , Tovar Armando R. 
Published: March 2014

Several studies using different animal models have demonstrated that the consumption of soya protein (SP) reduces serum cholesterol concentrations by increasing the excretion of bile acids (BA). However, the mechanism by which SP enhances BA excretion is not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether the consumption of SP regulates the expression of key enzymes involved in hepatic BA synthesis and the transporters involved in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) via fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) and/or small heterodimer protein (SHP) in rats. To achieve this aim, four groups of rats were fed experimental diets containing 20 % casein (C) or SP with or without the addition of 0·2 % cholesterol and the expression of hepatic genes involved in BA synthesis and the ileal and hepatic RCT was measured. Rats fed the SP diet had higher concentrations of ileal FGF15 and hepatic FGF15 receptor (FGFR4) and increased expression ofSHPand liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH1) than those fed the C diet; as a result, the excretion of faecal BA was greater. The addition of cholesterol to the diet repressed the protein abundance of FGF15 and FGFR4; however, SP increased the expression ofSHPandLRH1to a lesser extent. Nonetheless, the expression ofABCG5/8was increased in the intestine of rats fed the SP diet, and the effect was enhanced by the addition of cholesterol to the diet. In conclusion, SP in the presence of cholesterol increases BA synthesis via the repressions of FGF15 and SHP and accelerates BA excretion to prevent cholesterol overload in the enterocytes by increasing RCT.
Antidepressants, autonomic function and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study
Authors: Zimmermann-Viehoff F. , Kuehl L. K. , Danker-Hopfe H. , Whooley M. A. , Otte C. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundAntidepressants reduce depressive symptoms in patients with coronary heart disease, but they may be associated with increased mortality. This study aimed to examine whether the use of tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) is associated with mortality in patients with coronary heart disease, and to determine whether this association is mediated by autonomic function.MethodA total of 956 patients with coronary heart disease were followed for a mean duration of 7.2 years. Autonomic function was assessed as heart rate variability, and plasma and 24-h urinary norepinephrine.ResultsOf 956 patients, 44 (4.6%) used TCA, 89 (9.3%) used SSRI, and 823 (86.1%) did not use antidepressants. At baseline, TCA users exhibited lower heart rate variability and higher norepinephrine levels compared with SSRI users and antidepressant non-users. At the end of the observational period, 52.3% of the TCA users had died compared with 38.2% in the SSRI group and 37.3% in the control group. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for TCA use compared with non-use was 1.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–2.69, p = 0.01]. Further adjustment for measures of autonomic function reduced the association between TCA use and mortality (HR = 1.27, 95% CI 0.67–2.43, p = 0.47). SSRI use was not associated with mortality (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.81–1.64, p = 0.44).ConclusionsThe use of TCA was associated with increased mortality. This association was at least partially mediated by differences in autonomic function. Our findings suggest that TCA should be avoided in patients with coronary heart disease.
Between History and Historiography: The Origins of Classical Kuchipudi Dance
Authors: Putcha Rumya S. 
Published: March 2014

This article examines the intertwined discourses and debates of classicism, linguistic regionalism, caste, and gender in the case of South Indian dance. By focusing on the dance form, Kuchipudi, from Andhra Pradesh, the first administrative region in India formed on the basis of language, this study exposes the important connections between identity politics and the creation of cultural icons, such as classical dance. This study deconstructs the paradox of Kuchipudi's classicization, as it has become historicized as a symbol of masculine, Brahminical, Telugu culture, on the one hand, and the projects of Indian modernity, which center on the iconicization of the female dancer, on the other.Through archival, discursive, and ethnographic analysis, this article examines how the construction of classicism in Kuchipudi dance creates and supports hegemonic versions of Telugu history. This focus extends previous studies of Indian classical dance by sustaining questions about the reification of the Kuchipudi dancing body, the implications that this has regarding the fate of hereditary courtesan dancers, and the discursive strategies that allow Brahmin male history and female dance practice to coalesce.
Cardiac rhabdomyoma presenting as infective endocarditis: a case report
Authors: Azhari Nawal , Hakim Manal , Barefah Ghaith 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe report a case of cardiac rhabdomyomas in an infant who presented with right ventricular tachycardia, and a clinical picture of infective endocarditis. Typical features of tuberous sclerosis developed subsequently. To the best of our knowledge, cardiac rhabdomyoma has not been reported previously in association with infective endocarditis.
Compact 3D USB dongle monopole antenna for mobile wireless communication bands
Authors: Elsheakh Dalia M. , Safwat Amr M.E. 
Published: March 2014

Three-dimensional compact volume internal antenna for universal serial bus (USB) dongle that covers hexa operating bands is proposed in this paper. The volume of the proposed USB dongle is 15×20×4 mm3; it is based on two connected monopoles, one of them is semi-circular monopole ended by three unit cells of meander-line and the other is a bent monopole with four unit cells of high-impedance wire. The proposed antenna is realized on a printed circuit board to reduce the fabrication costs. The coupling between the antenna elements broadens the operating bandwidth, which includes most of the wireless commercial service bands, GSM850/GSM900/UMTS/GSM1800/GSM1900/WCDMA2100/802.11b/g/LTE2600 (824–2690 MHz) as well as 802.11a/n (5150–5825 MHz). The antenna's simulated and experimental results are in good agreement.
Wearable dual‐band composite right/left‐handed waveguide textile antenna for WLAN applications
Authors: Yan Sen , Soh Ping Jack , Vandenbosch Guy A.E. 
Published: March 2014

An innovative, flexible, planar waveguide antenna operating in dual‐band mode for WLAN applications is proposed. This antenna has a simple topology, is compact and is easy to manufacture fully using textiles. It involves loading by a composite right/left‐handed waveguide to generate similar radiation patterns and low backward radiation in both operating bands. The latter property is extremely desirable for wearable applications as it avoids performance degradation due to dielectric coupling to the body, besides reducing possible health risks. Simulated and measured results indicate a good reflection and radiation performance agreement in both the 2.45 and the 5.4 GHz WLAN bands.
Design of low‐phase‐noise CMOS transformer‐based gate‐coupled quadrature VCO
Authors: Shen Yi , Tsang K.F. , Lee Wah Ching , Hung Faan Hei , Triantis Iasonas F. , Xuan Kai 
Published: March 2014

A low‐phase‐noise transformer‐based gate‐coupled quadrature voltage‐controlled oscillator (TGC‐QVCO) using 0.13 μm CMOS technology is presented. The TGC‐QVCO consumes 7 mW at 1 V power supply with 18% frequency tuning. The measured phase noise at 1 MHz offset varies from about −122 to −119 dBc/Hz for frequency tuning from 1.34 to 1.6 GHz. The achieved figure of merit (FoM) is 179 dB and the chip area is 800 × 900 μm2.
Miniaturised 43 Gbit/s ROSA module using TO‐can package for optical transceivers
Authors: Kang Sae‐Kyoung , Lee Joon Ki , Huh Joon Young , Kim KwangJoon , Lee Jong Hyun 
Published: March 2014

A 43 Gbit/s receiver optical subassembly (ROSA) module using a compact transistor outline‐can (TO‐can) package has been developed and successfully demonstrated at transmission over a 2 km single‐mode fibre. The electrical interface of the ROSA is made of an impedance‐matched flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) which is orthogonally connected to the TO‐can package. The measured 3 dB optical‐to‐electrical bandwidth is ∼31.5 GHz and the receiver sensitivity is <−8.4 dBm at an extinction ratio of 8.2 dB and a bit error rate of 10−12.
Femtosecond laser‐written waveguides in thulium‐doped fluoroindate glass for S‐band amplification
Authors: Elan F. , Olivero M. , Falcão‐Filho E.L. , de Araújo C.B. , Messaddeq Y. , Gomes A.S.L. 
Published: March 2014

Channel waveguides were written in a fluoroindate bulk glass containing thulium, with a femtosecond laser operating at 800 nm, 100 fs pulses and a repetition rate of 1 kHz. Formation of waveguides occurred for average powers from 1 to 8 mW (corresponding to energies of 1–8 μJ) and scan velocities in the range of 0.1–4 mm/s. Passive optical characterisation included visual inspection by an optical microscope, insertion loss and mode profile. Active characterisation was performed by co‐propagating pumping in a dual‐pump scheme that included an 808 nm and a 1054 nm laser diode for an efficient inversion of the 3H4 level, which is responsible for stimulated emission in the 1460–1530 nm spectral range. Preliminary tests show a net gain of 2.5 dB at 1487 nm, for straight waveguides 1 cm long. Applications include the fabrication of lossless components working in the S‐band region of the optical communication spectrum.
Knowledge discovery by accuracy maximization
Authors: Cacciatore Stefano , Luchinat Claudio , Tenori Leonardo 
Published: March 2014

Significance
We propose an innovative method to extract new knowledge from noisy and high-dimensional data. Our approach differs from previous methods in that it has an integrated procedure of validation of the results through maximization of cross-validated accuracy. In many cases, this method performs better than existing feature extraction methods and offers a general framework for analyzing any kind of complex data in a broad range of sciences. Examples ranging from genomics and metabolomics to astronomy and linguistics show the versatility of the method.
Two-photon microscopy reveals early rod photoreceptor cell damage in light-exposed mutant mice
Authors: Maeda Akiko , Palczewska Grazyna , Golczak Marcin , Kohno Hideo , Dong Zhiqian , Maeda Tadao , Palczewski Krzysztof 
Published: March 2014

Significance
Identifying the sequence of events underlying light-induced pathology is important for understanding the mechanisms leading to retinal degeneration, and consequently for development of therapies against retinal diseases. In this study, we characterized the early phase of retinal degeneration using two-photon microscopy, mass spectroscopy, and genetically modified mice. We identified rod photoreceptors as the initial locus of degeneration. Primary changes included retinoid-dependent formation of fluorescent metabolic by-products within rod photoreceptor cells and a nearly three-fold expansion/swelling of rod outer segments. These changes were followed by secondary infiltration of microglia/macrophages to clear photoreceptor cell debris. Finally, we provide evidence that phagocytosis-mediated transfer of rod-derived toxic compounds to the retinal pigmented epithelium is required to elicit damage to that cell layer.
Physical activity when young provides lifelong benefits to cortical bone size and strength in men
Authors: Warden Stuart J. , Mantila Roosa Sara M. , Kersh Mariana E. , Hurd Andrea L. , Fleisig Glenn S. , Pandy Marcus G. , Fuchs Robyn K. 
Published: March 2014

Significance
Bones adapt to mechanical forces in youth to increase their size and strength but are more at risk for breaking later in life. Do the skeletal benefits of physical activity in youth persist with aging? Here we show at an upper extremity site that half of the benefit in bone size and one-third of the benefit in bone strength obtained from physical activity during youth are maintained throughout life, even though the bone mass benefits are lost. When physical activity was continued during aging, some mass and more strength benefits were preserved. These data suggest that physical activity during youth should be encouraged for lifelong bone health, with the focus being optimization of bone size rather than increasing mass.
Structural mechanism of serum amyloid A-mediated inflammatory amyloidosis
Authors: Lu Jinghua , Yu Yadong , Zhu Iowis , Cheng Yifan , Sun Peter D. 
Published: March 2014

Significance
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a major serum acute-phase protein and a cause of secondary amyloidosis, which impacts ∼1% of patients with chronic inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis and neoplastic diseases. The lack of structural information has hampered our understanding of SAA-mediated amyloidosis and the development of effective therapies. Here we report a crystal structure of human SAA1.1 as a prototypic member of the family. SAA1.1 exists as a hexamer with subunits displaying a unique four-helix bundle fold. We further defined binding sites for heparin and high-density lipoprotein, identified major amyloidogenic epitopes, and visualized SAA-mediated protofibril formation using electron microscopy. These studies provide mechanistic insights into amyloidogenic conformational transition of SAA.
Extended lifespan and reduced adiposity in mice lacking the FAT10 gene
Authors: Canaan Allon , DeFuria Jason , Perelman Eddie , Schultz Vincent , Seay Montrell , Tuck David , Flavell Richard A. , Snyder Michael P. , Obin Martin S. , Weissman Sherman M. 
Published: March 2014

Significance
For the first time we describe a physiological role for HLA-F adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10) in metabolism, obesity, and aging in mammals. We show that FAT10 knockout prevents the development of age-associated obesity in mice while extending lifespan and vigor without the appearance of deleterious developmental effects. In addition, we did not observe an increase in cancer incidence. If the role of FAT10 in humans is similar to mice, then targeting of FAT10 may hold promising therapeutic impact for the treatment of various diseases including obesity and obesity-related diseases and aging associated diseases.
Low-dose recombinant properdin provides substantial protection againstStreptococcus pneumoniaeandNeisseria meningitidisinfection
Authors: Ali Youssif Mohammed , Hayat Azam , Saeed Bayad Mawlood , Haleem Kashif S. , Alshamrani Saleh , Kenawy Hany I. , Ferreira Viviana P. , Saggu Gurpanna , Buchberger Anna , Lachmann Peter J. , Sim Robert B. , Goundis Dimitrios , Andrew Peter W. , Lynch Nicholas J. , Schwaeble Wilhelm J. 
Published: March 2014

SignificanceThis paper describes the successful therapeutic application of properdin, a positive regulator of complement activation. Recombinant expression of properdin generated a highly polymerized artificial form of properdin, Pn, with significantly higher functional activity than the lower-grade properdin polymers in serum. Adding low pharmacologic quantities of Pnto serum markedly enhanced complement deposition onNeisseria meningitidisandStreptococcus pneumoniaeand dramatically boosted serum lysis of meningococci. In mouse models of infection for these two major human pathogens, a single low-dose application of Pnsignificantly reduced bacteremia and markedly increased survival rates. Interestingly, therapeutic induction of massive complement mediated lysis of meningococci did not induce septic shock symptoms through the release of bacterial toxins.