bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERSECTIONALITY UNDONE
Authors: Bilge Sirma 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article identifies a set of power relations within contemporary feminist academic debates on intersectionality that work to “depoliticizing intersectionality,” neutralizing the critical potential of intersectionality for social justice-oriented change. At a time when intersectionality has received unprecedented international acclaim within feminist academic circles, a specifically disciplinary academic feminism in tune with the neoliberal knowledge economy engages in argumentative practices that reframe and undermine it. This article analyzes several specific trends in debate that neutralize the political potential of intersectionality, such as confining intersectionality to an academic exercise of metatheoretical contemplation, as well as “whitening intersectionality” through claims that intersectionality is “the brainchild of feminism” and requires a reformulated “broader genealogy of intersectionality.”
HOW PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE IMPEDES INTERSECTIONAL THINKING
Authors: Goff Phillip Atiba , Kahn Kimberly Barsamian 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPsychological science that examines racial and gender bias, primarily located within social psychology, has tended to discount the ways in which race and gender mutually construct each other. Lay conceptions of racial and gender discrimination tend to see racism as primarily afflicting men and sexism primarily afflicting White women, when in fact race and gender are interrelated and work together intersectionally. Ignoring women's experiences of racial discrimination produces androcentric conceptions of racisms—in other words, many definitions of racial discrimination are to some degree sexist (Goff et al., 2008). Similarly, privileging the experiences of White women produces narrow definitions of gender discrimination—in other words, many definitions of gender discrimination are to some degree racist, such that they serve to reinforce the current societal hierarchies. Psychological science sometimes appears to reflect such conceptions. The result is that the social science principally responsible for explaining individual-level biases has developed a body of research that can undervalue the experiences of non-White women (Goff et al., 2008). This article examines features of social psychological science and its research processes to answer a question suggested by this framing: is the current psychological understanding of racism, to some extent, sexist and the understanding of sexism, to some extent, racist? We argue here that the instruments that much of social psychological science uses to measure racial and gender discrimination may play a role in producing inaccurate understandings of racial and gender discrimination. We also present original experimental data to suggest that lay conceptions parallel social psychology's biases: with lay persons also assuming that racism is about Black men and sexism is about White women.2 Finally, we provide some suggestions to increase the inclusivity of psychology's study of discrimination as well as reasons for optimism in this area.
Entwicklung und Validierung einer Skala zum sozialen Exhibitionismus im Internet (SEXI)
Authors: Vetter Max , Eib Constanze , Hill-Kloß Sonja , Wollscheid Philipp , Hagemann Dirk 
Published: January 2014

Sozial exhibitionistisches Verhalten in virtuellen Umgebungen ist trotz seiner aktuell hohen gesellschaftlichen Relevanz bislang nur spärlich untersucht worden. So liegen zwar theoretische Arbeiten vor, die das Konstrukt konzeptuell einzugrenzen versuchen, ein empirischer Nachweis steht jedoch noch aus. Dies liegt nicht zuletzt auch am Fehlen eines adäquaten Diagnostikums. Um sozial exhibitionistisches Verhalten messbar zu machen, wurde ein 15-Item-Fragebogen entwickelt, dessen Ein-Faktoren-Struktur erwartungsgemäß bestätigt werden konnte; es wurde zusätzlich eine 8-Item Kurzversion entwickelt. Die Validierung erfolgte zunächst im Bereich der diskriminanten Validität durch Verortung des Konstrukts innerhalb verschiedener Persönlichkeitsmaße (Studie 1). Daraufhin wurde anhand einer ausführlichen Validierungsstudie die konvergente und diskriminante Validität überprüft und bestätigt (Studie 2) und die konstruierte Skala mittels Prototypenvergleich im Rahmen eines quasiexperimentellen Designs an einem Außenkriterium validiert (Studie 3). Somit liegt mit der Skala zum sozialen Exhibitionismus im Internet nun erstmals ein reliables und valides Instrument zur psychometrischen Messung exhibitionierten Verhaltens in virtuellen Umgebungen vor.
Augmentative biological control: research and methods to help make it work.
Authors: Sivinski J. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Augmentative biological control, especially in field situations, can be complex but there are novel or incompletely explored directions for research and methods development that may lead to improved future performance. At the fundamental level, augmentation faces inherent ecological/behavioural challenges such as enemy dispersal, pest refugia and deleterious interactions within predator/parasitoid guilds. However, these may be addressed by the choice of natural enemies with specific or manipulatable dispersal capabilities which attack hosts when most vulnerable. Integration of augmentative biological control with other control methods has not been sufficiently explored. One promising partner is the sterile insect technique (SIT) and related technologies such as conditional-lethality and genetic-drives that perform best at low and declining pest densities and should interact well, even synergistically, with natural enemy augmentation. Other candidates for integration with augmentative biological control include the addition of plants that support natural enemies, infochemicals such as kairomones that could lead pests to occupy more vulnerable microhabitats and even certain pesticides. At the production level, new or not widely adopted technologies for mass-rearing can lower costs. For example, host irradiation simplifies the handling of parasitoids, improves sanitation, facilitates the movement of natural enemies across borders and allows hosts to be exposed in sentinel-traps. Parasitoid rearing expenses could be halved by using thelytokous strains such as those resulting from
Wolbachia
infections. In some cases, hosts for specialist parasitoids can be obtained inexpensively from the unwanted sex of mass-reared pests: another advantage of integration with SIT. While many innovations are now costly, scientifically sophisticated and planned for use in regional-scale projects, new techniques and genetic modifications could become widely available to the agricultural industry.
What is the risk from wild animals in food-borne pathogen contamination of plants?
Authors: Jay-Russell M. T. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Fresh fruits, nuts and vegetables are increasingly linked to food-borne illnesses, outbreaks and recalls. The trend represents a modern-day public health conundrum wherein consumers are encouraged to eat more fresh produce to help prevent chronic health problems such as obesity and heart disease, but at the same time consumption of contaminated produce can lead to potentially life-threatening acute food-borne disease. Identification of environmental sources responsible for the contamination of raw and minimally processed or fresh-cut plant commodities is necessary to develop prevention strategies. Produce-related outbreaks have been caused by faecal contamination of plants or surrounding watersheds following intrusion by wild or feral animals. A wild animal shedding a zoonotic food-borne pathogen could contaminate plants directly through faecal deposition or indirectly via faecal contamination of agriculture water or soil in contact with the plants. Owing to the low infectious dose of zoonotic enteric pathogens and the potential for attachment and possibly ingress into edible parts of plants, even a low level of contamination from faecal pathogens represents a significant public health concern. This review focuses on potential produce food safety risks from wild animals at the pre-harvest level, and downstream processes that may promote pathogen survival and amplification that could lead to human food-borne illnesses, outbreaks, and recalls. Microbe-plant interactions for the major zoonotic food-borne pathogens and higher risk plant commodities are reviewed. Finally, current guidelines and regulations to minimize risks related to wild animal activity in the production environment are summarized.
The Effects of Policy Expectations on Crop Supply, with an Application to Base Updating
Authors: Hendricks Nathan P. , Sumner Daniel A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe develop a dynamic model to assess the effects of policy expectations on crop supply and illustrate the approach with estimates of the effects of base updating in U.S. crop programs. For corn and soybeans in the Corn Belt, the effect of base updating is relatively small because relevant crop alternatives are subject to similar policies and the alternatives are substitutes in production. Increasing acreage of one program crop to capture future payments from base updating reduces future payments from the alternative crop. We also use our model to assess the effect of base updating on acreage response to prices.
How good are alternative indicators for spawning-stock biomass (SSB) and fishing mortality (F)?
Authors: Probst Wolfgang Nikolaus , Oesterwind Daniel 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Survey-based abundance indices (catch per unit effort, cpue) and harvest ratios (HRs) are usable proxies for spawning-stock biomass and fishing mortality (F). Here, we present an easy approach to calculate secondary indicators based on a public dataset. However, the performance of different cpue/HR indicator metrics varied between stocks, and, therefore, the adequate metrics for secondary indicators should be chosen for each stock after careful analysis by experts.
Fast radio bursts may originate from nearby flaring stars
Authors: Loeb Abraham , Shvartzvald Yossi , Maoz Dan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Six cases of fast radio bursts (FRBs) have recently been discovered. The FRBs are bright (∼0.1–1 Jy) and brief (∼1 ms) pulses of radio emission with dispersion measures (DMs) that exceed Galactic values, and hence FRBs have been interpreted to be at cosmological distances. We propose, instead, that FRBs are rare eruptions of flaring main-sequence stars within ∼1 kpc. Rather than associating their excess DM with the intergalactic medium, we relate it to a blanket of coronal plasma around their host star. We have monitored at optical bands the stars within the radio beams of three of the known FRBs. In one field, we find a bright (V = 13.6 mag) variable star (0.2 mag peak to trough) with a main-sequence G-type spectrum and a period P = 7.8 h, likely a W-UMa-type contact binary. Analysis of our data outside of the FRB beams indicates a 5 per cent probability of finding, at random, a variable star of this brightness and amplitude within the FRB beams, but this could still be a chance coincidence. We find no unusual variable stars in the other two FRB fields. Further observations are needed to investigate if similar nearby (≲800 pc) stars are the sources of FRBs.
Effect of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Rice Quality: Proximate Composition, Dietary Fibers, and Free Sugars
Authors: Goufo Piebiep , Ferreira Luis M. M. , Carranca Corina , Rosa Eduardo A. S. , Trindade Henrique 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTLittle is known regarding the impact of elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) on the chemical composition of rice grains. A field experiment was conducted with open‐top chambers with rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Ariete) grown at two levels of atmospheric CO2 (375 and 550 μmol/mol), and their effects were monitored on the proximate composition and carbohydrate contents of the grains. Following exposure to elevated [CO2], soluble dietary fiber increased by 136, 82, and 77% in brown rice, white rice, and bran, respectively. Increases of a lower magnitude (8%) were observed for insoluble dietary fiber in the bran and brown rice. For all 10 sugars identified, there was a trend for increasing their content. For example, increases of 135% were recorded for glucose in the white rice. In all rice milling fractions, elevated [CO2] reduced the protein (4–15%) and amylose (6–16%) contents, with no effect on the ash, starch, and gross energy contents. The fat content was increased by elevated [CO2] in the white rice (23%) and tended to decrease in the bran (9%). It is concluded that besides yield, increased dietary fiber might be another positive effect of high levels of atmospheric CO2 expected by the middle of the current century.
First Report of Bloat Nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) Infecting Garlic in Ohio
Authors: Testen A. L. , Walsh E. K. , Taylor C. G. , Miller S. A. , Lopez-Nicora H. D. 
Published: January 2014

Bloat nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) Filipjev (also known as stem and bulb nematode), is a key pest of garlic (Allium sativum) globally (1) as heavy infestations can lead to complete crop loss. Although not a major crop in Ohio, garlic is grown in diversified vegetable production systems. In July 2013, diseased garlic bulbs were received from a grower in Lorain County, OH, from a field with wide symptom distribution. Bulbs were discolored, exhibited splitting, and had basal plate damage including reduced roots. Nematodes were extracted for examination by placing bulb slices in water. Recovered nematodes had morphological characteristics of D. dipsaci, including a short stylet with prominent knobs, a distinct median esophageal bulb, a basal bulb slightly overlapping the intestine, a conical and pointed tail, and males with distinct bursa (1). To confirm the identity of the nematode, further morphological and molecular studies were performed. Nematode images were captured on a DM IRB inverted microscope (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) using a Retiga 2000 camera (Q Imaging, Surrey, Canada). Images were analyzed using Image J (NIH). For females (n = 16), means and ranges were: L = 1,080.1 (972.2 to 1,229.5) μm, a = 36.6 (33.5 to 41.9), b = 6.2 (5.3 to 6.8), c = 11.1 (9.1 to 12.8), and stylet 10.1 (8.9 to 11.2) μm. For males (n = 6), L = 1,589.2 (1,494 to 1,702.7) μm, a = 43.0 (40.7 to 46.0), b = 6.9 (6.4 to 7.3), c = 11.7 (9.2 to 13), with stylet 10.8 (10 to 12.2) μm and spicules 25.2 (23.8 to 26.8) μm. The measurements were highly similar to those of D. dipsaci (1). DNA was extracted from 50 to 100 nematodes using a PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit (Mo-Bio Laboratories, Inc., Carlsbad, CA) as well as from individual females, and partial ITS sequences were amplified using primer set TW81/AB28 (3). The partial ITS sequences shared 99 to 100% sequence identity with GenBank accessions of D. dipsaci from garlic (DQ452956, JX123258). Expansion segments D2-D3 were sequenced following amplification of DNA from individual females using primer set D2A/D3B (4) and shared 99% sequence identity with D. dipsaci from garlic (FJ707362, JX123259). In this case, the grower noted bloat nematode symptoms following the introduction of new planting material into the field. Therefore, the availability of bloat nematode-free planting material or treated bulbs (2) is essential for preventing introduction of this pathogen. Once established, management options are limited as this nematode is difficult to eliminate. With this first report of D. dipsaci on garlic in Ohio, we have identified a new pest that can greatly reduce garlic yields in this state. References: (1) W. Nickle, ed. Ditylenchus. In: Manual of Agricultural Nematology, 1991. (2) P. Roberts et al. J. Nematol. 27:448, 1995. (3) S. Subbotin et al. Phytopathology 95:1308, 2005. (4) G. Tenente et al. Nematropica 34:1, 2004.
Acquired idiopathic penile lymphedema: Successful prevention of acute phase progression with low‐dose corticosteroids
Authors: Fujimoto Noriki , Honda Shinichiro , Nakanishi Gen , Tachibana Takao , Tanaka Toshihiro 
Published: January 2014

AbstractLymphedema is classified as a congenital disorder or acquired disorder. Common causes of acquired genital lymphedema include surgery, trauma, radiotherapy, neoplastic infiltration, venereal diseases and filariasis. Acquired idiopathic cases are also sometimes observed among genital lymphedema. There is no standard algorithm for the treatment of genital lymphedema. Surgical management for penile lymphedema in the chronic phase was discussed in many previous articles, however, management to prevent progression in the acute phase has been rarely mentioned. We present a case of acquired idiopathic penile lymphedema, in which histological examination was performed and acute phase progression was successfully ceased with low‐dose corticosteroids. This is the first report that proposes the usefulness of low‐dose systemic glucocorticoids for acquired idiopathic penile lymphedema showing rapid progression and histopathological lymphocytic inflammation.
Utilization of matrix‐assisted laser desorption and ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for identification of infantile seborrheic dermatitis‐causing Malassezia and incidence of culture‐based cutaneous Malassezia microbiota of 1‐month‐old infants
Authors: Yamamoto Mikachi , Umeda Yoshiko , Yo Ayaka , Yamaura Mariko , Makimura Koichi 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption and ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) has been utilized for identification of various microorganisms. Malassezia species, including Malassezia restricta, which is associated with seborrheic dermatitis, has been difficult to identify by traditional means. This study was performed to develop a system for identification of Malassezia species with MALDI‐TOF‐MS and to investigate the incidence and variety of cutaneous Malassezia microbiota of 1‐month‐old infants using this technique. A Malassezia species‐specific MALDI‐TOF‐MS database was developed from eight standard strains, and the availability of this system was assessed using 54 clinical strains isolated from the skin of 1‐month‐old infants. Clinical isolates were cultured initially on CHROMagar Malassezia growth medium, and the 28S ribosomal DNA (D1/D2) sequence was analyzed for confirmatory identification. Using this database, we detected and analyzed Malassezia species in 68% and 44% of infants with and without infantile seborrheic dermatitis, respectively. The results of MALDI‐TOF‐MS analysis were consistent with those of rDNA sequencing identification (100% accuracy rate). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a MALDI‐TOF‐MS database for major skin pathogenic Malassezia species. This system is an easy, rapid and reliable method for identification of Malassezia.
Essure® for management of hydrosalpinx prior to in vitro fertilisation—a systematic review and pooled analysis
Authors: Arora P , Arora RS , Cahill D 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundHydrosalpinges in infertile women reduce the success of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) by 50%. Surgical management of hydrosalpinges before IVF improves outcome but these procedures are often contraindicated in women with dense pelvic adhesions. Tubal occlusion achieved by Essure® via hysteroscopy provides an alternative.ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review on the efficacy and safety of Essure® in the management of hydrosalpinx before IVF.Search strategyWe searched MEDLINE (January 1950 to July 2013), EMBASE (January 1980 to July 2013) and Web of Science (1899 to July 2013). We also searched reference lists of relevant articles and proceedings of relevant international conferences (2000–2013).Selection criteriaAll types of studies where women with suspected infertility and presence of hydrosalpinx had hysteroscopic tubal occlusion with Essure® before IVF.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently selected studies and extracted data. Where necessary, study authors were contacted for further data.Main resultsIn all, 115 women in 11 studies received Essure®, mainly in the outpatient setting where local anaesthesia by paracervical block and/or intravenous sedation was used. Successful placement of Essure® was achieved in 96.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 91.1–98.9%) of women and tubal occlusion in 98.1% (95% CI 93.1–99.9%). Subsequent IVF resulted in 38.6% pregnancy rate (95% CI 30.9–46.8%), 27.9% live birth rate (95% CI 21.1–35.8%) and 28.6% combined ongoing pregnancy and live birth rate (95% CI 21.7–36.6%) per embryo transfer.Author's conclusionsEssure® appears to be an effective option for management of hydrosalpinx in women before IVF although evidence from a randomised controlled clinical trial is lacking.
Numerous osteoclast‐like giant cells in metastases from lung adenocarcinoma, but absent from primary tumor
Authors: Matsukuma Susumu , Takeo Hiroaki , Kato Kimi , Sato Kimiya 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe report a rare case of lung adenocarcinoma in a 54‐year‐old man, in whom osteoclast‐like giant cells (OCGCs) were found only in metastases. Autopsy revealed that metastases involving the tongue, gallbladder, stomach, intestines, right adrenal gland, and bones contained numerous OCGCs. Some metastases to the lungs and liver also contained OCGCs, but the primary tumor and metastases to the right atrium, spleen, left adrenal gland, and lymph nodes did not. Primary lung carcinoma cells were positive for cytokeratin 7 (CK7), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF‐1), and Napsin A, but were negative for vimentin and CD68. Frequently poorly cohesive metastatic carcinoma cells admixtured with OCGCs showed weak CK7/EMA positivity, no TTF‐1/Napsin A staining, and newly expressed vimentin. OCGCs were positive only for CD68 and vimentin, implying reactive cells. OCGCs can develop only in metastatic lesions, possibly associated with their anaplastic changes or epithelial mesenchymal transition.
Perioperative epidural analgesia reduces cancer recurrence after gastro‐oesophageal surgery
Authors: HILLER J. G. , HACKING M. B. , LINK E. K. , WESSELS K. L. , RIEDEL B. J. 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundRecent interest has focused on the role of perioperative epidural analgesia in improving cancer outcomes. The heterogeneity of studies (tumour type, stage and outcome endpoints) has produced inconsistent results. Clinical practice also highlights the variability in epidural effectiveness. We considered the novel hypothesis that effective epidural analgesia improves cancer outcomes following gastro‐oesophageal cancer surgery in patients with grouped pathological staging.MethodsFollowing institutional approval, a database analysis identified 140 patients, with 2‐year minimum follow‐up after gastro‐oesophageal cancer surgery. All patients were operated on by a single surgeon (2005–2010). Information pertaining to cancer and survival outcomes was extracted.ResultsUnivariate analysis demonstrated a 1‐year 14% vs. 33% (P = 0.01) and 2‐year 27% vs. 40% [hazard ratio (HR)=0.59; 95% CI, 0.32–1.09, P = 0.087] incidence of cancer recurrence in patients with (vs. without) effective (> 36 h duration) epidural analgesia, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated increased time to cancer recurrence (HR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.17–0.63, P < 0.0001) and overall survival benefit (HR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.21–0.83, P < 0.0001) at 2‐year follow‐up following effective epidural analgesia. Subgroup analysis identified epidural‐related cancer recurrence benefit in patients with oesophageal cancer (HR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16–0.75, P = 0.005) and in patients with tumour lymphovascular space infiltration (LVSI), (HR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.26–0.94, P = 0.03). Effective epidural analgesia improved estimated median time to death (2.9 vs. 1.8 years, P = 0.029) in patients with tumour LVSI.ConclusionsThis study found an association between effective post‐operative epidural analgesia and medium‐term benefit on cancer recurrence and survival following oesophageal surgery. A prospective study that controls for disease type, stage and epidural effectiveness is warranted.