bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irisin‐Encapsulated Mitochondria‐Targeted Biomimetic Nanotherapeutics for Alleviating Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Zhang Xia , Liang Lijia , Wang Fengxian , Jose Pedro A. , Chen Ken , Zeng Chunyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is the sudden decrease in renal function that can be attributed to dysregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and impaired mitochondrial function. Irisin, a type I membrane protein secreted by skeletal muscles in response to physical activity, has been reported to alleviate kidney damage through regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. In this study, a macrophage membrane‐coated metal‐organic framework (MCM@MOF) is developed as a nanocarrier for encapsulating irisin to overcome the inherent characteristics of irisin, including a short circulation time, limited kidney‐targeting ability, and low membrane permeability. The engineered irisin‐mediated biomimetic nanotherapeutics have extended circulation time and enhanced targeting capability toward injured kidneys due to the preservation of macrophage membrane proteins. The irisin‐encapsulated biomimetic nanotherapeutics effectively mitigate acute ischemia‐reperfusion injury by protecting mitochondrial function and modulating SOD2 levels in renal tubular epithelial cells. The present study provides novel insights to advance the development of irisin as a potential therapeutic approach for AKI.
Schottky Diode Leakage Current Fluctuations: Electrostatically Induced Flexoelectricity in Silicon
Authors: Hurtado Carlos , MacGregor Melanie , Chen Kai , Ciampi Simone 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNearly four decades have passed since IBM scientists pioneered atomic force microscopy (AFM) by merging the principles of a scanning tunneling microscope with the features of a stylus profilometer. Today, electrical AFM modes are an indispensable asset within the semiconductor and nanotechnology industries, enabling the characterization and manipulation of electrical properties at the nanoscale. However, electrical AFM measurements suffer from reproducibility issues caused, for example, by surface contaminations, Joule heating, and hard‐to‐minimize tip drift and tilt. Using as experimental system nanoscale Schottky diodes assembled on oxide‐free silicon crystals of precisely defined surface chemistry, it is revealed that voltage‐dependent adhesion forces lead to significant rotation of the AFM platinum tip. The electrostatics‐driven tip rotation causes a strain gradient on the silicon surface, which induces a flexoelectric reverse bias term. This directional flexoelectric internal‐bias term adds to the external (instrumental) bias, causing both an increased diode leakage as well as a shift of the diode knee voltage to larger forward biases. These findings will aid the design and characterization of silicon‐based devices, especially those that are deliberately operated under large strain or shear, such as in emerging energy harvesting technologies including Schottky‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).
LNMAC Promotes Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lymphatic Metastasis via Epigenetic Regulation of FGF2‐Induced Lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Zhang Chunyu , Yuan Li , Wen Weijia , Shao Caixia , Liao Yuandong , Jia Yan , Zhao Xueyuan , Liao Yan , Xu Dingze , Chen Linna , Yang Guofen , Jiang Hongye , Wang Wei , Yao Shuzhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe lymph node is the most common site of distant metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), which elicits dismal prognosis and limited efficiency for treatment. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying CSCC lymphatic metastasis would provide potential therapeutic strategies for nodal metastatic of CSCC. Here, based on in vivo lymphatic metastasis screening model, a circular RNA is identified that is termed as lymph node metastasis associated circRNA (LNMAC), is markedly upregulated in lymphatic metastatic CSCC and correlated with lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of LNMAC dramatically augments the metastatic capability of CSCC cells to the lymph node via inducing lymphangiogenesis. Mechanistically, LNMAC epigenetically upregulates fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression by directly associating with histone acacetylase 1 (HDAC1), preventing Importin α6/8‐mediated nuclear translocation of HDAC1 and eliciting histone H3K27ac‐induced FGF2 transcriptional activation. Treatment with 3F12E7, an anti‐FGF2 monoclonal antibody, effectively inhibits LNMAC‐induced CSCC lymphatic metastasis. Taken together, these findings indicate that LNMAC plays a crucial role in FGF2‐mediated lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, highlighting that LNMAC might be a therapeutic target for lymph node metastasis in CSCC patients.
Exudate Unidirectional Pump to Promote Glucose Catabolism Triggering Fenton‐Like Reaction for Chronic Diabetic Wounds Therapy
Authors: Liang Yaxian , Wang Wenjie , Qi Kailong , Wei Yige , Zhao Weifeng , Xie Huixu , Zhao Changsheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe massive accumulation of exudate containing high concentrations of glucose causes wound infection and triggers the release of inflammatory factors, which in turn delays the closure of diabetic wounds. In this study, a Janus membrane is constructed by combining glucose oxidase (GOx) and copper ions (Cu2+) for the treatment of diabetic wounds, which is named as Janus@GOx/Cu2+. It consists of hydrophobic, transitional, and superhydrophilic layers in a three‐layer structure with gradient hydrophilicity for self‐pumping properties. The Janus@GOx/Cu2+ membrane triggers a series of cascading reactions while pumping out diabetic wound exudates. First, glucose oxidase loaded onto the hydrophilic layer of the Janus@GOx/Cu2+ membrane decomposes glucose into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucuronic acid, reducing the local glucose level. The generated glucuronic acid neutralizes the local alkaline environment of chronic wounds. Simultaneously, the H2O2 interacts with the Cu2+ contained in the hydrophobic layers of the Janus@GOx/Cu2+ membrane via a Fenton‐like reaction, generating hydroxyl radicals with excellent bactericidal properties. Cu2+ promotes angiogenesis and wound healing in diabetic wounds. Under the action of multiple responses, the Janus@GOx/Cu2+ membrane promotes wound healing in diabetic infections.
A Mutation Losing an RBP‐Binding Site in the LncRNA NORSF Transcript Influences Granulosa Cell Apoptosis and Sow Fertility
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Sheng Wenmin , Zhang Jiyu , Cao Qiuyu , Du Xing , Li Qifa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSow fertility is an economically important quantitative trait. Hundreds of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) containing tens of thousands of potential candidate genes are excavated. However, among these genes, non‐coding RNAs including long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are often overlooked. Here, it is reported that NORSF is a novel causal lncRNA for sow fertility traits in QTLs. QTLs are characterized for sow fertility traits at the genome‐wide level and identified 4,630 potential candidate lncRNAs, with 13 differentially expressed during sow follicular atresia. NORSF, a lncRNA that involved in sow granulosa cell (sGC) function, is identified as a candidate gene for sow fertility traits as a G to A transversion at 128 nt in its transcript is shown to be markedly associated with sow fertility traits. Mechanistically, after forming the RNA:dsDNA triplexes with the promoter of Caspase8, NORSF transcript with allele G binds to an RNA‐binding protein (RBP) NR2C1 and recruits it to the promoter of Caspase8, to induce Caspase8 transcription in sGCs. Functionally, this leads to a loss of inducing effect of NORSF on sGC apoptosis by inactivating the death receptor‐mediated apoptotic pathway. This study identified a novel causal lncRNA that can be used for the genetic improvement of sow fertility traits.
Structural Quality Factor of Flo‐TENG under Stochastic Wave Excitation
Authors: Guo Dongxin , Chen Chunjin , Li Jiawei , Zhai Lixia , Li Songying , He Sheng , Feng Junrui , Wan Lingyu , Liu Guanlin , Zhai Junyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have recently emerged as a promising technology for efficient water wave energy harvesting. However, there is a paucity of clear guidance regarding the optimal designs of TENGs and their shells to achieve efficient absorption and conversion of water wave energy in real random waves. Herein, from the perspective of wave‐body interaction and energy transfer, this paper proposes a structural quality factor (Qunit) for the quantitative evaluation of both the motion of floating triboelectric nanogenerator (Flo‐TENG) shells and their capability to absorb and convert water wave energy efficiently. The factor is further subdivided into the amplitude structural quality factor (Qacc), which characterizes shell motion amplitude, and the frequency structural quality factor (Qf), which describes shell motion frequency. This paper systematically investigates the impact of various shell parameters such as bow shapes, curvatures, inclinations, and immersion ratios on Qacc and Qf. The findings indicate that variations in shell shape result in distinct Qunit values along different axial directions of wave propagation. These variations directly influence energy absorption efficiency in these directions. These results provide fundamental guidance for the design of high‐performance Flo‐TENG shells and the selection of internal energy harvesting directions to enable more efficient energy conversion.
Hypocretin‐1/Hypocretin Receptor 1 Regulates Neuroplasticity and Cognitive Function through Hippocampal Lactate Homeostasis in Depressed Model
Authors: Chen Bing , Jin Kangyu , Dong Jingyi , Cheng Shangping , Kong Lingzhuo , Hu Shaohua , Chen Zuobing , Lu Jing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCognitive dysfunction is not only a common symptom of major depressive disorder, but also a more common residual symptom after antidepressant treatment and a risk factor for chronic and recurrent disease. The disruption of hypocretin regulation is known to be associated with depression, however, their exact correlation is remains to be elucidated. Hypocretin‐1 levels are increased in the plasma and hypothalamus from chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model mice. Excessive hypocretin‐1 conducted with hypocretin receptor 1 (HCRTR1) reduced lactate production and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression by hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), thus impairing adult hippocampal neuroplasticity, and cognitive impairment in CUMS model. Subsequently, it is found that HCRTR1 antagonists can reverse these changes. The direct effect of hypocretin‐1 on hippocampal lactate production and cognitive behavior is further confirmed by intraventricular injection of hypocretin‐1 and microPET‐CT in rats. In addition, these mechanisms are further validated in astrocytes and neurons in vitro. Moreover, these phenotypes and changes in molecules of lactate transport pathway can be duplicated by specifically knockdown of HCRTR1 in hippocampal astrocytes. In summary, the results provide molecular and functional insights for involvement of hypocretin‐1‐HCRTR1 in altered cognitive function in depression.
Photocurrent Spectroscopy of Dark Magnetic Excitons in 2D Multiferroic NiI2
Authors: Lebedev Dmitry , Gish J. Tyler , Garvey Ethan S. , Song Thomas W. , Zhou Qunfei , Wang Luqing , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Chan Maria K. , Darancet Pierre , Stern Nathaniel P. , Sangwan Vinod K. , Hersam Mark C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductors are promising components of opto‐spintronic devices due to terahertz operation frequencies and minimal interactions with stray fields. However, the lack of net magnetization significantly limits the number of experimental techniques available to study the relationship between magnetic order and semiconducting properties. Here, they demonstrate conditions under which photocurrent spectroscopy can be employed to study many‐body magnetic excitons in the 2D AFM semiconductor NiI2. The use of photocurrent spectroscopy enables the detection of optically dark magnetic excitons down to bilayer thickness, revealing a high degree of linear polarization that is coupled to the underlying helical AFM order of NiI2. In addition to probing the coupling between magnetic order and dark excitons, this work provides strong evidence for the multiferroicity of NiI2 down to bilayer thickness, thus demonstrating the utility of photocurrent spectroscopy for revealing subtle opto‐spintronic phenomena in the atomically thin limit.
Dynamics of Intra‐Cell Thermal Front Propagation in Lithium‐Ion Battery Safety Issues
Authors: Jia Yikai , Zhao Peng , Finegan Donal P. , Xu Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThermal runaway (TR), a critical failure mode in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), poses significant safety risks and hinders wider application of LIBs. TR typically begins at a localized heat source and spreads across the cell. Understanding thermal front propagation (TFP) characteristics, such as front and velocity, is crucial for assessing energy release and temperature distribution for battery hazardous estimation. Recent studies assume that TR within cells propagates at a near‐constant velocity, based on the reaction kinetics and thermal properties. Here, an intra‐battery TR model is further proposed and it indicates that TFP velocity stabilizes when the front is distanced from the heat source. Theoretical estimates for propagation velocity and front are developed and validated through numerical simulations and experimental tests from the NREL Battery Failure Databank. The energy release rate during TFP and the impact of preheating based on a point heat source are explored. This work clarifies the long‐standing clouds of the thermal font propagation behaviors within the single cell, highlights the power and beauty of mathematics modeling to describe the complicated thermal behaviors, and provides important guidelines for thermal hazardous understanding for next‐generation batteries.
Microenvironment‐adaptive nanodecoy synergizes bacterial eradication, inflammation alleviation, and immunomodulation in promoting biofilm‐associated diabetic chronic wound healing cascade
Authors: Chen Lei , Peng Mengna , He Wei , Hu Xiaoli , Xiao Jian , Shi Linqi , Liu Yong , Li Yuanfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe presence of bacterial biofilms and the occurrence of excessive inflammatory response greatly imped the healing process of chronic wounds in diabetic patients. However, effective strategies to simultaneously address these issues are still lacking. Here, a microenvironment‐adaptive nanodecoy (GC@Pd) is constructed via the coordination and in situ reduction of palladium ions on gallic acid‐modified chitosan (GC) to promote wound healing by synergistic biofilm eradication, inflammation alleviation, and immunoregulation. During the weakly acidic conditions of the biofilm infection stage, GC@Pd serves as a nanodecoy to induce bacterial aggregation. Subsequently, through its oxidase‐like activity generating reactive oxygen species and the hyperthermia from photothermal effects, it effectively eliminates the biofilm. As the local microenvironment of diabetic wounds transitions to an alkaline inflammatory state, the enzyme‐like activity of GC@Pd adapts to catalase‐like activity, effectively eliminating reactive oxygen species at the site of inflammation. Additionally, GC@Pd could selectively capture pro‐inflammatory cytokines through Michael addition reactions. In vivo experiments and transcriptomic analysis confirmed that GC@Pd could accelerate the wound transition from inflammatory to proliferative phase by eliminating biofilm infection and reducing the inflammatory response, thus promoting diabetic chronic wound healing. The nanodecoy provides a potential therapeutic strategy for treating biofilm‐infected diabetic chronic wounds.
COVID‐19 deaths in dental occupations and other healthcare occupations among U.S. decedents in 2020
Authors: Blackley Brie Hawley , Fechter‐Leggett Ethan D. , Alexander Talia , Panagakos Fotinos , Chipps Tammy , Cox‐Ganser Jean M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly studies during the COVID‐19 pandemic suggested dental occupations were among the highest risk for exposure to SARs‐CoV‐2 because of multiple factors increasing exposure, including close proximity to unmasked patients and performance of aerosol‐generating procedures. However, to date, few studies have investigated COVID‐19 deaths in United States dental occupations, and compared COVID‐19 deaths among healthcare occupations.MethodsWe analyzed 2020 mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics' National Vital Statistics System. Multivariable logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for COVID‐19 as the underlying cause of death in relation to occupation in working‐age decedents (≤65 years), after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and medical conditions associated with severe COVID‐19.ResultsDental occupations did not have significantly higher risk for COVID‐19 death when compared to all other occupations combined. Among healthcare occupations with frequent, direct patient‐ or client interactions, LPNs and LVNs, and speech and language pathologists had significantly elevated adjusted ORs for COVID‐19 death when compared to dentists, dental hygienists, or dental assistants. Similarly, nurse practitioners had significantly higher ORs for COVID‐19 mortality than dentists or dental hygienists, and approached significance when compared to dental assistants. Conversely, massage therapists and other health diagnosing and treating practitioners had significantly lower adjusted ORs for COVID‐19 death compared with dental occupations.ConclusionOur study highlights potential differences in work‐related transmission of SARs‐CoV‐2 and subsequent COVID‐19 deaths in healthcare occupations, and furthers a previously limited understanding of COVID‐19 deaths in healthcare occupations in 2020, before COVID‐19 vaccine availability. Our results indicate that dental occupations were not among the highest, nor lowest risk, healthcare occupations for COVID‐19 deaths in 2020, despite their known risks of direct exposure.
Examining predictive meteorological variables in the singing behavior of northern white‐cheeked gibbons (Nomascus leucogenys) in northern Lao PDR
Authors: White Jay , Rasphone Akchousanh , Thoyar Anong , Nijman Vincent 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConsidering the conservation attention needed to keep viable the few remaining wild populations of the Critically Endangered northern white‐cheeked gibbon (Nomascus leucogenys), there has been a serious paucity of research undertaken for the species. To improve the effectiveness of surveys of this and other gibbon species, and ultimately their conservation, it is important to better understand the variables that affect their singing behavior—the feature that is currently used in most gibbon population surveys. We collected singing and meteorological data from 320 days, between October 2020 and March 2021, at 80 different locations, during an auditory presence/non‐detection survey of N. leucogenys in northeastern Lao PDR. Songs were detected on 100 of the 320 days, a total of 154 song bouts. We analyzed the differences in song bout frequency, song bout timing (in relation to sunrise), and song bout length in relation to the meteorological variables of temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover, rain, fog, and wind. We found song bout frequency to be significantly greater on mornings with cloud cover (as a function of improved detection), on mornings without fog, on mornings without rain, and on warmer mornings. We found song bouts to start significantly earlier on mornings without fog and on warmer mornings when fog was present. Finally, we found song bouts lasted longer on mornings with fog and on warmer mornings. We did not find any significant relationships with relative humidity or wind. These patterns fit with prior research on behavioral responses of gibbons to weather and improve the understanding of gibbon vocal behavior to better prepare researchers for designing auditory surveys of Nomascus and other gibbon species.
Synthesis of Cd‐MOF and Eu3+@Cd‐MOF as Multitarget Sensors for Simultaneous Sensing Cr (VI) Anion and 4‐NA
Authors: Wang Fengqin , Wang Yihui , Xie Zhijian , Zhao Zhongrui , Dong Zhenghong , Feng Xue , Ren Qian , Dong Caifu 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as a kind of sensing material plays an important role for environmental monitoring and human health. In this paper, we prepared a luminescent Cd‐MOF: [Cd2L·4H2O]·H2O. (H4L = 2,5‐bis‐(3,4‐dicarboxy‐phenyl)thiophene‐amide) under the solvothermal condition. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis shows that Cd‐MOF has a 2D layer structure, and it exhibits a strong fluorescence emission at 470 nm. The sensing experiment displays Cd‐MOF as multitarget probe can selectively detect Cr (VI) anions and 4‐nitroaniline (4‐NA) with high sensitivity, good anti‐interference ability, and good recyclability. In addition, dual‐emission Eu3+@Cd‐MOF was obtained by encapsulating Eu3+ ions into Cd‐MOF, in which Cd‐MOF sensitizes Eu3+ ion emission. Accordingly, Eu3+@Cd‐MOF also acts as multitarget and self‐calibrated probe to selectively detect Cr (VI) ions and 4‐NA synchronously at the same conditions. However, the changes of fluorescence emissions of Eu3+@Cd‐MOF toward Cr (VI) ions are different from that of the original Cd‐MOF. The possible sensing mechanism be attributed to the competitive energy absorption between Cd‐MOF or Eu3+@Cd‐MOF and the analytes. All the results may provide broad prospects for developing multitarget sensing platform for sensing environment pollutants.
Preparation of PEK‐C‐toughened epoxy structural adhesive for bonding CF/PEEK composites
Authors: Wang Dezhi , Hou Liran , Zhao Liwei , Li Hongfeng , Fan Xupeng , Liu Changwei , Guo Zhiyuan , Qu Chunyan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, an epoxy structural adhesive was fabricated by using the high‐performance thermoplastic engineering plastic phenolphthalein‐based polyaryletherketone (PEK‐C) as tougheners, and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) and 4,4‐diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) as the curing agents. The effect of PEK‐C on the mechanical properties, microstructure, and adhesive properties of the modified epoxy resin system was investigated. Epoxy structural adhesive with 20 phr PEK‐C exhibited excellent bonding performance and thermal stability. The PEK‐C toughened adhesive presented high shear strength of 31.6 MPa and 27.6 MPa at 120°C and 150°C, respectively. The PEK‐C toughened epoxy structural adhesive was then used to bond CF/PEEK composites, and the effects on the bonding properties of CF/PEEK were investigated. By the combined treatment of sandpaper grinding and corona discharge (80 mesh sandpaper sanding + corona treatment for 30 s), the shear strength of the composite joints is increased to 18.73 MPa. And the shear strength retention rate of the joint was 99.8%. The strategy can be used to fabricate sandwich structures with CF/PEEK as the skin with excellent performance. Therefore, PEK‐C toughened modified epoxy resin is conducive to the enhancement of adhesive properties and has a better performance for the bonding of CF/PEEK materials.