bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature rise caused in the pulp chamber under simulated intrapulpal microcirculation with different light-curing modes
Authors: Ramoglu Sabri Ilhan , Karamehmetoglu Hilal , Sari Tugrul , Usumez Serdar 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate and compare intrapulpal temperature rise with three different light-curing units by using a study model simulating pulpal blood microcirculation.

Materials and Methods:
The roots of 10 extracted intact maxillary central incisors were separated approximately 2 mm below the cement-enamel junction. The crowns of these teeth were fixed on an apparatus for the simulation of blood microcirculation in pulp. A J-type thermocouple wire was inserted into the pulp chamber through a drilled access on the palatal surfaces of the teeth. Four measurements were made using each tooth for four different modes: group 1, 1000 mW/cm2 for 15 seconds; group 2, 1200 mW/cm2 for 10 seconds; group 3, 1400 mW/cm2 for 8 seconds; and group 4, 3200 mW/cm2 for 3 seconds. The tip of the light source was positioned at 2 mm to the incisor's labial surface.

Results:
The highest temperature rise was recorded in group 1 (2.6°C ± 0.54°C), followed by group 2 (2.57°C ± 0.62°C) and group 3 (2.35°C ± 0.61°C). The lowest temperature rise value was found in group 4 (1.74°C ± 0.52°C); this value represented significantly lower ΔT values when compared to group 1 and group 2 (P  =  .01 and P  =  .013, respectively).

Conclusions:
The lowest intrapulpal temperature rise was induced by 3200 mW/cm2 for 3 seconds of irradiation. Despite the significant differences among the groups, the temperature increases recorded for all groups were below the critical value of 5.6°C.
Polyimide Dielectric Layer on Filaments for Organic Field Effect Transistors: Choice of Solvent, Solution Composition and Dip-Coating Speed
Authors: Rambausek Lina , Bruneel Els , De Mey Gilbert , Van Langenhove Lieva 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In today’s research, smart textiles is an established topic in both electronics and the textile fields. The concept of producing microelectronics directly on a textile substrate is not a mere idea anymore and several research institutes are working on its realisation. Microelectronics like organic field effect transistor (OFET) can be manufactured with a layered architecture. The production techniques used for this purpose can also be applied on textile substrates. Besides gate, active and contact layers, the isolating or dielectric layer is of high importance in the OFET architecture. Therefore, generating a high quality dielectric layer that is of low roughness and insulating at the same time is one of the fundamental requirements in building microelectronics on textile surfaces. To evaluate its potential, we have studied polyimide as a dielectric layer, dip-coated onto copper-coated polyester filaments. Accordingly, the copper-coated polyester filament was dip-coated from a polyimide solution with two different solvents, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethylformaldehyde. A variety of dip-coating speeds, solution concentrations and solvent-solute combinations have been tested. Their effect on the quality of the layer was analysed through microscopy, leak current measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Polyimide dip-coating with polyimide resin dissolved in NMP at a concentration of 15w% in combination with a dip-coating speed of 50 mm/min led to the best results in electrical insulation and roughness. By optimising the dielectric layer’s properties, the way is paved for applying the subsequent semi-conductive layer. In further research, we will be working with the organic semiconductor material TIPS-Pentacene
Effect of Weave Structure on Thermo-Physiological Properties of Cotton Fabrics
Authors: Ahmad Sheraz , Ahmad Faheem , Afzal Ali , Rasheed Abher , Mohsin Muhammad , Ahmad Niaz 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the relationship between fabric weave structure and its comfort properties. The two basic weave structures and four derivatives for each selected weave structure were studied. Comfort properties, porosity, air permeability and thermal resistance of all the fabric samples were determined. In our research the 1/1 plain weave structure showed the highest thermal resistance making it suitable for cold climatic conditions. The 2/2 matt weave depicted the lowest thermal resistance which makes it appropriate for hot climatic conditions.
Surface Morphology of Polyimide Thin Film Dip-Coated on Polyester Filament for Dielectric Layer in Fibrous Organic Field Effect Transistor
Authors: Rambausek Lina , Bruneel Els , Van Driessche Isabel , Van Langenhove Lieva 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The idea of wearable electronics automatically leads to the concept of integrating electronic functions on textile substrates. Since this substrate type implies certain challenges in comparison with their rigid electronic companions, it is of utmost importance to investigate the application of materials for generating the electronic functions on the textile substrate. Only when interaction of materials and textile substrate is fully understood, the electronic function can be generated on the textile without changing the textile’s properties, being flexible or stretchable. This research deals with the optimization of the dielectric layer in a fibrous organic field effect transistor (OFET). A transistor can act as an electrical switch in a circuit. In this work, the polyimide layer was dip-coated on a copper-coated polyester filament. After thoroughly investigating the process conditions, best results with minimal thickness and roughness at full insulation could be achieved at a dip-coating speed of 50 mm/min. The polyimide solution was optimal at 15w% and the choice for the solvent NMP was made. In this paper, details on the pre-treatment methods, choice of solvent and dip-coating speed and their effect on layer morphology and thickness, electrical properties and roughness are reported. Results show that the use of polyimide as a dielectric layer in the architecture of a fibrous OFET is promising. Further research deals with the application of the semiconductor layer within the mentioned architecture, to finally build an OFET on a filament for application in smart textiles.
A Wear Geometry Model of Plain Woven Fabric Composites
Authors: Gu Dapeng , Yang Yulin , Chen Suwen , Su Wenwen 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The paper g describes a model meant for analysis of the wear geometry of plain woven fabric composites. The referred model consists of a mathematical description of plain woven fabric based on Peirce’s model coupled with a stratified method for the solution of the wear geometry. The evolutions of the wear area ratio of weft yarn, warp yarn and matrix resin on the worn surface are simulated by MatLab software in combination of warp and weft yarn diameters, warp and weft yarn-to-yarn distances, fabric structure phases (SPs). By comparing theoretical and experimental results from the PTFE/Kevlar fabric wear experiment, it can be concluded that the model can present a trend of the component area ratio variations along with the thickness of fabric, but has a inherently large error in quantitative analysis as an idealized model.
The Efficiency of Non-Flammable Functional Underwear
Authors: Glombikova Viera , Komarkova Petra 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This study evaluates the efficiency of non-flammable functional underwear used as a secondary heat barrier in extreme conditions. Five groups of knitted fabrics were analysed for flame resistance and selected physiological properties (water vapour permeability, air permeability, thermal resistance and liquid moisture transport by moisture management transport). The results indicated similar levels of flame resistance for the materials tested but show important differences in terms of physiological characteristics, namely liquid moisture transport, which influences the safety and comfort of protective clothing.
Influence of Heat Treatment on the Bending Behaviour of LLDPE Monofilaments
Authors: Kolgjini Blerina , Schoukens Gustaaf , Kola Ilda , Rambour Stijn , Shehi Ermira , Kiekens Paul 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
It is known that artificial turf surfaces based on LLDPE monofilaments have the potential to replace natural turf surfaces used for several sport surfaces. Even though the production parameters have a strong influence on the behaviour of monofilaments and indirectly on the final product, the effect of heat treatment at different stages of the production lines is not studied in detail. Therefore, the influence of heat treatment during the production of monofilaments was investigated. This investigation includes a study of the mechanical properties such as tensile testing and bending behaviour and morphological analyses by employing DSC measurements. The results show that the applied heat treatment has a strong influence on the bending behaviour even though the classical studied morphology structures do not show significant changes. Heat treatment influences quite importantly the characteristics of the non-crystalline part of the monofilaments and results in better long-term properties, such as resilience, deformation recovery and fibrillation resistance.
Strong epistemic modality in parliamentary discourse
Authors: Vukovic Milica 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSounding convincing in order to convince ‒ this simple strategy seems to come in handy for politicians trying to win over the electorate. Strong epistemic modality, which allows politicians to express a great degree of commitment to the truth of the utterance, pervades political discourse in general and parliamentary discourse in particular. The aim of the paper is to examine the linguistic devices employed to express certainty and commitment, i.e. to study strong epistemic modality systematically in the UK parliamentary language. The examination is carried out on strong epistemic adverbs, verbs, nouns and adjectives both quantitatively and qualitatively, and some reflections regarding their use in the Labour and the opposition discourse are presented. The results point to a relatively strong presence of strong epistemic modality in parliamentary discourse and light is shed on the ways it is used in this type of discourse.
Laser Reference Sensor Alignment Tracking and Star Observations
Authors: Smith Noah H. , Bae Sungkoo , Schutz Bob E. 
Published: October 2014

The laser reference sensor is the central instrument in the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite 2 laser pointing knowledge system, simultaneously observing stars and the altimetry laser in a single instrument coordinate frame. The star observations are relatively sparse, with a predicted brightness cutoff near visual magnitude 5, and their density varies significantly across the sky. There are star gaps of up to approximately 200 s, and areas of the sky with 20 simultaneously observable stars. The star observations are augmented with observations from two spacecraft star trackers using an alignment filter. The filter tracks the motion of the laser reference sensor relative to the spacecraft. Monte Carlo simulation is used to characterize the effects of various magnitude cutoffs, types of alignment variations, and regions of the sky on alignment tracking and overall pointing knowledge performance. Multiple model adaptive estimation is used to map alignment process noise filter tuning with respect to the input parameters. The results include pointing knowledge uncertainty predictions over an input parameter space of three star brightness cutoffs, two types of alignment variations, and three alignment variation amplitudes. The results also map pointing uncertainty to regions of the sky and individual stars.
Auditory processing deficit in a patient with Ramsay Hunt syndrome
Authors: Saransh Jain , George Sony , Sam Shincy Anna 
Published: October 2014

Objective:
The present study was undertaken to investigate the auditory processing skills in an individual diagnosed as ‘herpes zoster oticus with polycranialis multiplexa involving VII, IX and X cranial nerve with lacunar infarct in the right frontal cortex’ (Ramsay Hunt syndrome type II). Prior investigation on hearing sensitivity revealed that sensorineural hearing loss with both cochlear and retrocochlear involvement was frequent in these individuals. Apart from hearing loss, multiple neurological conditions such as infections, myelopathies and vasculopathies relating to both central and peripheral nervous system, were also found to be associated with this condition. Research evidence suggested that an auditory processing disorder may be associated with all these conditions. It is, therefore, possible that auditory processing disorders may be associated with Ramsay Hunt syndrome type II. There is a dearth of literature investigating auditory processing skills in such individuals, which suggested the need to investigate such skills.

Study design:
This was a single case study design investigating auditory processing skills using a series of behavioural and objective tests known to be sensitive enough to assess them. Behavioural tests such as speech perception in noise, gap detection, duration pattern and duration discrimination and objective tests like speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses, click-evoked auditory middle latency responses and speech-evoked auditory middle latency responses were performed.

Results:
Investigations of the peripheral auditory system revealed a mild sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear and minimal hearing loss in the left ear with no indication of retrocochlear pathology. Poor scores on speech perception in noise, gap detection, duration pattern and a duration discrimination test pointed towards the presence of auditory processing disorder. These results were further confirmed using more objective tests where the absence of a far-field response component in the speech-evoked auditory brainstem response, as well as absence of the middle latency response, strengthened the behavioural test findings.

Conclusions:
The results of the present case study focus on the presence of auditory processing disorders and, thus, meticulous investigations of auditory processing skills are warranted in the audiological test battery of these individuals.
Climatic niche differences between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes ofChamerion angustifolium(Onagraceae)
Authors: Thompson Ken A. , Husband Brian C. , Maherali Hafiz 
Published: October 2014

•Premise of the study:Polyploidy—the possession of more than two copies of each chromosome in the nucleus—is common in flowering plants. Polyploid plants can occupy different geographic ranges than their diploid progenitors, but the factors responsible for maintaining these range differences are poorly understood. Polyploidy can have significant physiological consequences, and the present study aims to determine whether previously described physiological differences between cytotypes are correlated with climatic niches and geographic distributions.•Methods:Prior research indicates that tetraploid plants ofChamerion angustifolium(Onagraceae) are more tolerant of drought and less tolerant of freezing than diploids, which suggests that they should occupy a niche that is warmer and drier than that of diploids. We extracted climate data for 134 populations ofC. angustifoliumclassified as pure diploid, pure tetraploid, or mixed‐ploidy. We compared climatic conditions between these population categories and generated ecological niche models to compare their geographic distribution with prior qualitative estimates.•Key results:Pure tetraploid populations occupy habitats that are warmer and drier than those of pure diploid populations. Mixed‐ploidy populations occur in habitats that are not strictly intermediate between pure diploid and pure tetraploid populations, but are as cold as pure diploid populations and have intermediate soil moisture deficits. Our niche models were similar to previous qualitative estimates of cytotype geographic distribution.•Conclusions:The correspondence between the physiological tolerances of cytotypes, their climatic niches, and their geographic distributions suggests that physiological traits are at least partially responsible for differences in the realized climatic niches of diploid and tetraploidC. angustifolium.
Single dose Peramivir for the Treatment of Acute Seasonal Influenza: Integrated Analysis of Efficacy and Safety from Two Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Whitley Richard , Laughlin Alan , Carson Simon , Mitha Essack , Tellier Guy , Stich Mark , Elder Jenna , Alexander W James , Dobo Sylvia , Collis Phil , Sheridan William P 
Published: October 2014

Background Current influenza treatment options include oral or inhaled antiviral agents. There is an unmet need for parenteral antiviral treatments. Methods Peramivir, a parenteral influenza neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI), was administered by single-dose intramuscular (IM) injection in two placebo-controlled studies in adult outpatients with acute, uncomplicated influenza during two consecutive influenza seasons. Results In a Phase II study, peramivir treatment significantly shortened duration of fever and reduced viral load in nasopharyngeal secretions. A subsequent Phase III study was not fully enrolled; however, in both studies, the magnitude of the treatment effect favouring peramivir was consistent with that reported for other NAIs. A post-hoc analysis was conducted by integrating efficacy and safety results of 427 subjects from both studies. The median time to alleviation of symptoms (TTAS) in subjects receiving peramivir 300 mg (113.2 h) was shorter than for placebo (134.8 h; P=0.161 adjusted for smoking behaviour, influenza season and virus type; unadjusted P=0.047). The median time to resolution of fever was reduced by 24 h after treatment with peramivir 300 mg compared with placebo ( P=0.004). The proportion of subjects shedding influenza virus was significantly decreased over 48 h following peramivir treatment ( P=0.009). Detection of post-treatment viruses with decreased susceptibility to NAIs was uncommon. Peramivir was generally safe and well-tolerated with types and rates of adverse event similar to placebo. Conclusions The results of these studies are consistent with previous reports of peramivir administered by intravenous infusion, and demonstrate a positive risk–benefit profile for peramivir in patients with acute uncomplicated influenza.
Comment penser aujourd'hui la valence différentielle des sexes ?
Authors: Faure-Pragier Sylvie 
Published: October 2014

Les progrès médicaux dans le champ de la procréatique et l’autonomie quasi totale dans la conception qu’ils confèrent amènent à revisiter la théorie de Françoise Héritier sur la « valence différentielle des sexes ». Quid de la dépendance de la femme par rapport à l’homme aujourd’hui en France ? Les évolutions constatées durant ces vingt dernières années, aussi bien dans les techniques de fécondation que dans les nouvelles configurations familiales, tendent à révéler de nouvelles inégalités hommes/femmes dans leur rapport respectif à la sexualité et à la parentalité. Pour autant, l’avènement de nouveaux modèles de procréation, à travers l’exemple des couples lesbiens, introduit également à l’élaboration d’un nouveau fantasme originaire : le sujet accéderait à la symbolisation, bien plus par la certitude d’être « enfant du désir d’enfant » de ses parents que par la mise en œuvre d’un fantasme de scène primitive.
« Bricoleur » du langage
Authors: Douville Olivier 
Published: October 2014

Le passage adolescent est paradoxal. D’une part, le jeune se pose comme un sujet par et pour la rupture d’avec l’univers culturel domestique, d’autre part il va reprendre souvent pour édifier son devenir des éléments culturels refoulés à la génération précédente. Ce paradoxe est vif et très visible en ce qui concerne les contextes de migration, mais il est interne à chaque processus adolescent, « migrant » ou « autochtone ». L’article, prenant appui sur la notion due à C. Lévi-Strauss de « langage mythopoétique », explore les traductions de ce paradoxe dans la façon particulière qu’ont les adolescents de modeler la langue et de prendre la parole.
La construction de l'identité de genre à l'adolescence
Authors: Chiland Colette 
Published: October 2014

Après quelques remarques portant sur la terminologie (sexe, genre, identité), un bref rappel sera fait sur la construction de l’identité de genre jusqu’à l’adolescence. Le passage d’une certaine androgynie de l’enfance à la plénitude de l’identité sexuée se fait parfois avec quelques difficultés banales ; c’est aussi le moment où l’accès possible à une sexualité complète et fécondante confirme ou développe l’orientation sexuelle. En dehors de tout trouble du développement du sexe, certains adolescents (transsexuels) ont un refus de leur sexe d’assignation, qui est leur sexe biologique, et demandent une transformation hormono-chirurgicale. Certains adolescents ont un problème d’identité de genre en rapport avec leur trouble du développement du sexe. Au sein de notre culture s’est développé un mouvement « transgenre » qui remet en question le genre et va jusqu’à refuser toute distinction de sexe, posant ainsi des problèmes qui ne sont plus médicaux, mais sociétaux.
Le sexe et le genre : la différence anatomique des sexes entre réalité déniée et réalité augmentée
Authors: Brousselle André 
Published: October 2014

La question du genre revient à l’avant de la scène politique et serait même affaire de culture, voire de civilisation. Il est stimulant d’opposer deux types d’attitudes extrêmes vis-à-vis de la différence anatomique des sexes : celle de J. Butler, étendant le déni de la différence anatomique, et celles de rituels d’excision et de circoncision, qui visent à accroître cette différence en créant une « réalité augmentée ». Les psychothérapies montrent comment les problématiques de l’adolescent peuvent retrouver ces mêmes dénis pour des raisons internes et non plus purement culturelles.
Territoire et mémoire en Bohême : la gestion post-socialiste du passé allemand le long de la frontière germano-tchèque
Authors: Bauer Paul 
Published: October 2014

Plus de vingt ans après la chute du régime socialiste en Tchécoslovaquie, les traces du passé allemand dans les pays tchèques sont l’objet d’une mise en patrimoine symbolisée par l’ouverture en 2012, à Ústí nad Labem (Nord-Ouest de la Bohême), d’un musée dédié à l’apport culturel des populations germanophones dans l’histoire de la République tchèque. Partant de cet exemple, l’analyse se propose d’interroger la gestion du passé allemand à partir de l’étude de l’articulation mémoire/territoire dans les espaces frontaliers de la République tchèque depuis 1990. Agencé en trois parties, cet article présente dans un premier temps la notion de mémoire sociale et son intérêt pour la recherche en géographie sociale et culturelle. Il restitue ensuite l’évolution de la relation société/espace dans les régions frontalières tchèques depuis 1945 afin de saisir les cadres de représentation spatiaux dans lesquels s’effectue la mobilisation du passé allemand dans le présent.