bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kindergarten Readiness Assessment Scores in Children who Received Early Life Mechanical Ventilation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Shein Steven L. , D'Alessio Alena , Baker Lena , Fischer Meredith , Fischer Robert , Wilson-Costello Deanne , Maddux Aline B , Garcia-Cobian Richter Francisca 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe impact of prolonged sedative medication usage on cognitive outcomes of young pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients has been incompletely assessed. We aim to assess the feasibility of linking an electronic medical record (EMR) system and a regional database to evaluate performance on standardized testing among PICU survivors. This is a single-center data-linkage study between EMR records and the Child and Household Integrated Longitudinal Data (CHILD) system, which links individual-level data across 35 administrative systems including Kindergarten Readiness Assessment (KRA) scores. The study was performed at a tertiary PICU in Cleveland, Ohio, United States with children born in 2011 or 2012 who received invasive mechanical ventilation and sedation before the age of 3 years in our PICU. We evaluated rate of “on-track” KRA scores, chronic absenteeism, and repeat kindergarten in the study population compared with a propensity score matched cohort from CHILD. Of 182 eligible PICU patients, 98 (54%) had a record identified in CHILD, and 32 had KRA scores available and sufficient data for propensity score matching. Compared with 160 matched controls, PICU patients had a lower rate of “on-track” scores (7/32 [22%] vs 102/160 [64%], p < 0.001) and more chronic absenteeism (14/32 [44%] vs. 34/160 [22%], p = 0.007). There was no difference in rates of repeat kindergarten (8/32 [25%] vs. 36/160 [23%], p  =  ;−0.759). We determined that linking hospital EMR records to regional databases is a feasible method to explore PICU outcomes. Additional studies are needed to confirm our preliminary finding of poor performance compared with matched controls.
Harms Associated with Tracheal Reintubation After Unplanned Extubation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Malone Mathew P. , Harwayne-Gidansky Ilana , Sanders Ronald C. , Napolitano Natalie , Pham Jennifer , Polikoff Lee , Register Melinda , Tarquinio Keiko M. , Shults Justine , Krawiec Conrad , Mallory Palen , Breuer Ryan K. , Shenoi Asha N. , Wollny Krista , Parsons Simon J. , Kandil Sarah B. , Pinto Matthew , Gladen Kelsey M. , Dewan Maya , Graciano Ana Lia , Nett Sholeen , Giuliano John S. , Krishna Ashwin S. , Ducharme-Crevier Laurence , Talukdar Andrea , Lee Jan Hau , Miksa Michael , Lee Anthony , Ahmed Aziez , Page-Goertz Christopher , Jung Philipp , Scott Briana L. , Kelly Serena P. , Al-Subu Awni , Spear Debbie , Allen Lauren , Sizemore Johnna , Kasagi Mioko , Nagai Yuki , Toal Megan , Biagas Katherine , Nadkarni Vinay , Nishisaki Akira ,   for the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS) Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective This study evaluates the clinical harm associated with tracheal intubation (TI) after unplanned extubation (UE) in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU). We hypothesized that TI after UE is associated with a higher risk of adverse airway outcomes (AAOs), including peri-intubation hypoxia.
Methods A total of 23,320 TIs from 59 ICUs in patients aged 0 to 17 years from 2014 to 2020 from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS) database were evaluated. AAO was defined as any adverse TI-associated event and/or peri-intubation hypoxia (SpO2 < 80%). UE trends were assessed over time. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to evaluate the association between UE and AAO, while controlling for patient, provider, and practice confounders.
Results UE was reported as TI indication in 373 (1.6%) patients, with the proportion increasing over time: 0.1% in 2014 to 2.8% in 2020 (p < 0.001). TIs after UE versus TIs without preceding UE were more common in infants (62 vs. 48%, p < 0.001), males (63 vs. 56%, p = 0.003), and children with a history of difficult airway (17 vs. 13%, p = 0.03). After controlling for potential confounders, TI after UE was not significantly associated with AAO (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–1.62, p = 0.06). However, TI after UE was significantly associated with peri-intubation hypoxia (aOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02–1.79, p = 0.03).
Conclusions UE is increasing as an indication for TI, and is more common in infants and children with a history of difficult airway. As TI after UE was associated with increased peri-intubation hypoxia, future study should focus on identifying causality and mitigating peri-intubation risk.
Reconstruction of Z-pinch emission spectra in the wavelength range of less than 10 Å using a crystal X-ray spectrograph
Authors: Skobliakov A. V. , Kolesnikov D. S. , Kantsyrev A. V. , Golubev A. A. , Gritsuk A. N. , Volkov G. S. , Grabovskii E. V. 
Published: July 2024

This work is devoted to the reconstruction of Z-pinch plasma emission spectra in the wavelength range of less than 10 Å recorded by using a crystal x-ray spectrograph at the Angara 5-1 mega-ampere facility. The spectrograph JA-1 used in experiments has a cylindrical mica crystal with dimensions of 50 × 40 mm2 and radius of curvature of 100 mm. Registration of spectra is performed on the photographic film UF-4 with dimensions of 30 × 10 mm2. To reconstruct the spectra, the previously developed method based on iterative approximation of a true spectrum shape while minimizing a residual between experimental and calculated spectrograms is used. The calculated spectrogram was obtained taking into account the instrumental function of the spectrograph. To define the instrumental function a virtual Monte-Carlo model in the Geant4 toolkit has been developed. This model takes into account the interaction of radiation with the mica crystal using dynamical theory of diffraction. A true spectrum of Z-pinch plasma radiation is reconstructed for a 16 mm high load made of two nested cylindrical wire liners. External liner with a diameter of 12 mm has 40 Al wires with a diameter of 18 μm. The internal liner with a diameter of 5 mm has 4 W wires with a diameter of 6 μm. The W wires have a sputtered layer of Re that is 0.5 μm thick.
On weak influence of aluminum powder size on its post-detonation reaction in different time scales
Authors: Zhang Dongjiang , Yi Zhicong , Gan Yundan , Liu Qijun , Liu Fusheng , Li Xinghan 
Published: July 2024

The outstanding performance of aluminized explosives is attributed to the substantial energy released through aluminum (Al) reactions during post-detonation flow. However, the influences of Al powder size on the explosion power of aluminized explosives sometimes vary significantly across different time scales, which may suggest potential differences in Al reaction processes. To investigate the size-dependent reaction behavior of Al powders at different time scales, a novel experimental apparatus was employed to measure the velocity of a rod propelled by the detonation products of RDX/Al explosives (with Al powder sizes of 1.9 µm or 47.1 µm)1 at ∼1 ms, and the results were compared to those obtained from previous tube tests at around 30 µs. The experimental findings reveal that the impact of Al powder size on the metal-driven capability of aluminized explosives is not substantial at either 1 ms or 30 µs. Given the inadequacy of the phenomenological equation of state for studying the Al reaction due to its inability to ensure the uniqueness of the reaction process, we investigated the tburn∝dAln law using the Gurney energy method, where dAl and tburn denote the powder size and combustion time of Al powders, respectively. The values of n (0.031 and 0.038) were examined for the first time in post-detonation flow, which are significantly smaller than those observed in quasi-static flow. These results substantiate that the weak powder size effect on Al reaction is likely a prevalent phenomenon for micron-sized Al powders in post-detonation flow, attributable to the high pressure and high velocity characteristic of such flows.
Electronic Correlation and Pseudogap-Like Behavior of High-Temperature Superconductor La3Ni2O7
Authors: Li 李 Yidian 义典 , Du 杜 Xian 宪 , Cao 曹 Yantao 延涛 , Pei 裴 Cuiying 翠颖 , Zhang 张 Mingxin 明鑫 , Zhao 赵 Wenxuan 文轩 , Zhai 翟 Kaiyi 恺熠 , Xu 许 Runzhe 润哲 , Liu 柳 Zhongkai 仲楷 , Li 李 Zhiwei 志伟 , Zhao 赵 Jinkui 金奎 , Li 李 Gang 刚 , Qi 齐 Yanpeng 彦鹏 , Guo 郭 Hanjie 汉杰 , Chen 陈 Yulin 宇林 , Yang 杨 Lexian 乐仙 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
High-temperature superconductivity (HTSC) remains one of the most challenging and fascinating mysteries in condensed matter physics. Recently, superconductivity with transition temperature exceeding liquid-nitrogen temperature is discovered in La3Ni2O7 at high pressure, which provides a new platform to explore the unconventional HTSC. In this work, using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio calculation, we systematically investigate the electronic structures of La3Ni2O7 at ambient pressure. Our experiments are in nice agreement with ab initio calculations after considering an orbital-dependent band renormalization effect. The strong electron correlation effect pushes a flat band of d

z
2
orbital component below the Fermi level (E
F), which is predicted to locate right at E
F under high pressure. Moreover, the d

x
2–y
2
band shows pseudogap-like behavior with suppressed spectral weight and diminished quasiparticle peak near E
F. Our findings provide important insights into the electronic structure of La3Ni2O7, which will shed light on understanding of the unconventional superconductivity in nickelates.
Oxygen-mediated defect evolution and interface analysis of MoOx/n-Si devices
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Tomer Shweta , Vandana  , Fix Thomas , Dutta Mrinal , Srivastava Sanjay Kumar , Pathi Prathap 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The performance of MoO
x
based devices is highly influenced by the presence of oxygen vacancies and the trap density at the oxide-semiconductor interface. This paper presents a detailed investigation of the surface states present at the MoO
x
/c-Si interface through capacitance and conductance methods. Thin films of MoO
x
were deposited on n-Si using DC reactive sputtering of Mo under varying oxygen flow rates and studied the modulation of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) device parameters using appropriate analysis methods. The capacitance-voltage (CV) analysis reveals the formation of nearly dielectric films at an intermediate oxygen flow rate of 15 sccm, exhibiting a dielectric constant of 24 and negative fixed charges of approximately 1.81 × 1012 cm−2. The work function evaluated from the Kelvin probe measurements was found to be a maximum of 5.08 eV for the films deposited at an intermediate oxygen flow rate of 15 sccm. Furthermore, admittance analysis was performed on all the films to determine the loss mechanism in different regions, ranging from inversion to accumulation. Parallel conductance for different bias conditions was studied and observed the domination of oxide traps at higher oxygen flow rates (>20 sccm). Investigations of deep level defects were performed using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) in the temperature range of 100 K–475 K, along with the C-V measurements. A transition in C-V behavior is observed below room temperature, implying that the minority carrier response time is controlled by generation-recombination at low temperatures and by diffusion at high temperatures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements showed that the films are sub-stoichiometric with the dominant oxidation state of Mo+6. The results are discussed and presented in detail.
Generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy model in Non-Riemannian geometry
Authors: Sharif M , Ajmal Madiha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we analyze cosmic evolution and current expansion using the generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy model for the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe in

f
(
Q
)

gravity, where

Q

represents the non-metricity. For this objective, we examine interacting forms of dark energy model and reconstruct

f
(
Q
)

gravity in terms of red-shift parameter. We establish various standard cosmological parameters including the equation of state parameter, the squared speed of sound,

ω

D

−

ω

D

′

and r − s-planes to examine the impact of this dark energy model. The analysis reveals that all the reconstructed models exhibit an increasing or decreasing trend in the pilgrim dark energy parameter. The equation of state parameter depicts the phantom era, while the squared speed of sound reveals a stable generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy model for the entire cosmic evolutionary paradigm. Finally, we study the cosmography of the

ω

D

−

ω

D

′

and r − s planes that correspond to the freezing region and Chaplygin gas model, respectively. We conclude that all the outcomes are consistent with the pilgrim dark energy phenomenon.
Revealing the microstructures of metal halide perovskite thin films via advanced transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Xian 冼 Yeming 业铭 , Wang 王 Xiaoming 晓明 , Yan 鄢 Yanfa 炎发 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are excellent semiconductors that have led to breakthroughs in applications in thin-film solar cells, detectors, and light-emitting diodes due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance. However, the performance and stability of MHP-based devices are significantly influenced by their microstructures including the formation of defects, composition fluctuations, structural inhomogeneity, etc. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for direct observation of microstructure at the atomic-scale resolution and has been used to correlate the microstructure and performance of MHP-based devices. In this review, we highlight the application of TEM techniques in revealing the microstructures of MHP thin films at the atomic scale. The results provide critical understanding of the performance of MHP devices and guide the design of strategies for improving the performance and stability of MHP devices.
Current sensor unanticipated fault detection and compensation of 14.5-meter optical/infrared telescope drive system based on algebraic transformations
Authors: Deng Zhuangzhuang , Yang Shihai , Li Yun , Xu Lingzhe , Pan Cong , Jiang Canyi , Guo Yanpeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses an unanticipated fault detection,
isolation, and compensation (FDIC) strategy for the arc splicing
permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) operating under a
promising 14.5-meter optical/infrared telescope drive system,
specifically focusing on current sensors. The application is based
on algebraic transformations that allow not only failure detection
but also location and isolation. Besides, detection is performed
merely by means of the measured current sensors and does not require
additional knowledge or estimators; isolation utilizes information
provided by detection to locate where the faults originated and
release isolation signals; and compensation is carried out through
the remaining currents that are not affected by the faults. It is
noted from the results that the performance of FDIC in faulty mode
is very acceptable and uncompromising in terms of fault detection,
current symmetry, speed tracking, load torque and robustness
remedial measures. Therefore, the proposed method can effectively
ensure the stable operation of the drive system in the presence of
faults.
Calculation of efficiency and resolution of a hexagonal NaI(Tl) detector as a function of source position
Authors: Hamzawy A. , Badawi M.S. , Ruskov I.N. , Grozdanov D.N. , Badawi M.I. , Thabet A.A. , Kopatch Yu.N. , Fedorov N.A. , Salem B.A. , collaboration TANGRA 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Most gamma-ray scintillation detectors currently in use are made from inorganic materials that have a relatively high electron density. Quite often they are used to build multidetector systems that provide high scintillation light output. The performance of a gamma radiation detector (its detection efficiency) depends on the shape and size of the crystal, as well as on the source-to-detector geometry used. The NaI(Tl) gamma detector exhibits moderate energy resolution but relatively high gamma-ray detection efficiency and fast time response. In this work, the efficiency and resolution of a scintillation hexagonal detector are studied to optimize its response function. This type and size of scintillator were selected to construct a budget-friendly, reconfigurable, easy-to-maintain multidetector system for registering gamma-rays following fission, capture, and inelastic neutron scattering reactions, with reasonably good energy and time resolutions The research results made it possible to establish a geometric solid angle that increases the efficiency of recording gamma-ray radiation of the hexagonal NaI(Tl) scintillation probe under study.
A review of bioinspired dry adhesives: from achieving strong adhesion to realizing switchable adhesion
Authors: Zhao Jinsheng , Xia Neng , Zhang Li 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the early twenty-first century, extensive research has been conducted on geckos’ ability to climb vertical walls with the advancement of microscopy technology. Unprecedented studies and developments have focused on the adhesion mechanism, structural design, preparation methods, and applications of bioinspired dry adhesives. Notably, strong adhesion that adheres to both the principles of contact splitting and stress uniform distribution has been discovered and proposed. The increasing popularity of flexible electronic skins, soft crawling robots, and smart assembly systems has made switchable adhesion properties essential for smart adhesives. These adhesives are designed to be programmable and switchable in response to external stimuli such as magnetic fields, thermal changes, electrical signals, light exposure as well as mechanical processes. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the development history of bioinspired dry adhesives from achieving strong adhesion to realizing switchable adhesion.
Poisson electrodynamics with charged matter fields
Authors: Sharapov Alexey A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Poisson electrodynamics is the low-energy limit of a rank-one noncommutative gauge theory. It admits a closed formulation in terms of a Poisson structure on the space-time manifold and reproduces ordinary classical electrodynamics in the commutative limit. In this paper, we address and solve the problem of minimal coupling to charged matter fields with a proper commutative limit. Our construction relies essentially on the geometry of symplectic groupoids and works for all integrable Poisson manifolds. An additional advantage of our approach is that the corresponding Lagrangians can be defined on an arbitrary metric background.
Identification of temperature and diffusion effects during helium swelling of the surface layer of a TiTaNbV alloy
Authors: Giniyatova Sholpan G , Kadyrzhanov Kayrat K , Shlimas Dmitriy I , Borgekov Daryn B , Kozlovskiy Artem L , Uglov Vladimir V 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The article presents the comprehensive analysis results of the connection between structural changes caused by the effects of deformation swelling and softening effects during high-dose irradiation with He2+ ions, alongside determines the kinetics of changes in structural and strength parameters contingent upon irradiation conditions (in the case of irradiation temperature variations). The interest in such studies is due to the need to study the influence of temperature factors on the diffusion mechanisms of implanted He2+ into the damaged layer of a high-entropy TiTaNbV alloy in the case of high-dose irradiation. At the same time, the study of such mechanisms makes it possible to determine not only the radiation resistance of TiTaNbV alloys, but also to expand the general understanding of the influence of the structural features of high-entropy alloys associated with deformation distortion of the crystal structure, which prevents diffusion and migration mechanisms of defect propagation in the damaged layer. During determination of changes in strength properties depending on irradiation conditions, it was found that irradiation temperature growth leads to both a rise in the degree of softening under high-dose irradiation and an increase in the thickness of the softened layer under high-dose irradiation. These changes indicate that at high temperatures, the diffusion of implanted ions is not restrained by structural distortions, which results in their migration to a greater depth exceeding the ion travel depth, which should be considered when designing the use of these alloys in the case of their operation in extreme conditions.
Effects of ZrO2 ceramics doped with varying content on the mechanical properties and energy release characteristics of W-Zr alloys
Authors: Fang Yuanhang , Zhan Tingbian , Li Xiaojun , Xie Changyou , Zhang Xinggao , Wang Weizhan , Jiang Xiansong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A W-Zr alloy doped with ceramic powder W54.5Zr35-xNi6.7Fe3.3Mo0.5 (ZrO2) x was prepared by powder metallurgy. The effects of the ceramic content on the dynamic and static compressive mechanical behavior and energy release properties of the alloy were studied. The results showed that the addition of ceramics enhanced the energy release characteristics of the W-Zr alloy, and made the alloy break more thoroughly and the fragment cloud distribute evenly. The reaction delay time was shorter and the energy release reaction was more complete. However, the maximum temperature of the alloy reaction decreased. In addition, the addition of ceramics improves the mechanical properties of the material, and its compressive strength is much higher than that of traditional W-Zr alloys.(ZrO2)1 exhibited good mechanical behavior and energy release characteristics. The aftereffect damage performance was further verified using a ballistic gun experiment. Ballistic gun test results showed that (ZrO2) 1 can penetrate A92124 aluminum targets with a thickness of 2 mm at a speed of 809.3 m s−1 and ignite post-target absorbent cotton, with both penetration and post-target damage capabilities.
Effect of cortical bone thickness on shear stress and force in orthodontic miniscrew-bone interface – A finite element analysis
Authors: V Balamurali , Magesh Varadaraju , Harikrishnan Pandurangan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Miniscrews are widely used in orthodontics as an anchorage device while aligning teeth. Shear stress in the miniscrew-bone interface is an important factor when the miniscrew makes contact with the bone. The objective of this study was to analyze the shear stress and force in the screw-bone interface for varying Cortical Bone Thickness (CBT) using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Varying CBT of 1.09 mm (1.09CBT) and 2.66 mm (2.66CBT) with miniscrews of Ø1.2 mm, 10 mm length (T1), Ø1.2 mm, 6 mm length (T2) and Ø1.6 mm, 8 mm length (T3) were analyzed. Six Finite Element (FE) models were developed with cortical, cancellous bone, miniscrews and gingiva as a prism. A deflection of 0.1 mm was applied on the neck of the miniscrews at 0°, +30° and −30° angles. The shear stress and force in the screw-bone interface were assessed. The results showed that the CBT affects the shear stress and force in the screw-bone interface region in addition to the screw dimensions and deflection angulations. T1 screw generated lesser shear stress in 1.09CBT and 2.66CBT compared to T2 and T3 screws. Higher CBT is preferred for better primary stability in shear aspect. Clinically applied forces of 200 gms to 300 gms to an anchorage device induces shear stress in the miniscrew-bone interface region might cause stress shielding. Thus, clinicians need to consider the effect of varying CBT and the size of the miniscrews for the stability, reduced stress shielding and better anchorage during orthodontic treatment.