bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of silicon incorporation on hybrid polyurethane‐imide elastomers with graphite flakes: Unique microstructures, conducting properties, and mechanical properties
Authors: Jiang An‐ji , Xia Wei , Fang Yu , Huang Jin , Zhang Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a series of silicon hybrid polyurethane‐imides (SPUI) with high stability were constructed by introducing diphenylsilanediol (DPSD) and imidization effect, in which the segment character and hydrogen bonding were adjusted. Various “sea‐island” microphase separations, similar evolution from blooming flower to bud like microdomains was originating from the hard segment clusters, where the segment distribution was labeled and visualized by the stacking of silicon heteroatom. Comparing with pure polyurethane (PU), tensile strength and elongation at break for SPUIs increased from 0.71 ± 0.04 to 17.67 ± 1.84 MPa and from 84.39% ± 6.79% to 202.38% ± 14.50%, respectively. Interestingly, the silicon‐induced aggregates of hard segments in SPUI/graphite flakes (SPUI/GFs), densely crowded around GFs except for some dispersions, revealing similar coupling agent characters of SPUI and self‐affinity with GFs. Thus, the high performance was achieved due to adjustable percolation and cross‐linking networks. Percolation thresholds were decreased from 2.04 to 0.61 wt% and the conductivity of 1.0 × 100 S/m at GFs contents of 5.0 wt% for SPUIz/GFs‐500 was achieved, 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than that of SPUIz/GFs‐2000 except for high stability in conductivity, far lower than those of reported composites. Finally, this study was of great significance for developing functional PU materials with high performance.
Preparation and properties of solvent induced biodegradable thermosetting poly (siloxane urethane)
Authors: Zhang Hao , Qi Xi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Yujie , Li Ning , Zeng Fanglei , Jiang Shengling , Ding Jianning 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is difficult to recycle classic thermosetting plastics. Although some of them can be reprocessed, the mechanical properties decline linearly after processing. In addition, most thermosetting plastics are not environmentally friendly and difficult to degrade, resulting in a lot of pollution and limiting their practical application potential. In this paper, the prepolymer is synthesized by using castor oil (CO), hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS‐OH), and toluene diisocyanate (TDI). Using 4,4'‐diaminodiphenyl disulfide (ODD) as a chain extender with dynamic disulfide bond and aniline (An) as a blocking agent, polysiloxane‐aminoester (SiCPUO) with recyclable function under DMF induction was prepared. The effect of the amount of rigid chain extender (ODD) containing disulfide bond on the properties of SiCPUO was studied, its heat resistance will first increase and then decrease with the increase of ODD content, especially the mechanical properties are more obvious, this trend has never been reported before; the mechanical properties and recyclability of SiCPUO are tested, and the comprehensive performance of SiCPUO2 is the best, the tensile strength is 0.84 MPa and the elongation at break was 65.81%; the solubility test of different solvents showed that it has recyclability, recovery rate is 95%;the material has self‐healing function, the repair efficiency is up to 95%.
Machine learning‐based time series analysis of polylactic acid bead foam extrusion
Authors: Shah Karim Ali , Albuquerque Rodrigo Q. , Brütting Christian , Ruckdäschel Holger 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the behavior of polymer melts during extrusion is essential for optimizing processes and developing new materials. However, analyzing the continuous data generated by an extruder poses significant challenges. This paper investigates the utility of machine learning in predicting melt pressure at the die plate in polylactic acid (PLA) bead foam extrusion, a critical parameter in the extrusion process. Utilizing a random forest (RF) model, we examine how various processing parameters influence melt pressure. By segmenting the data into time‐delayed intervals, we achieve accurate predictions. We present forecasts of melt pressure at the die for intervals of 5 s, 1 min, and 5 min, demonstrating particularly strong performance for the 5‐min forecast with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.88 and the coefficient of determination ( score) of 0.90. By exploring time series data, our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the RF model and provides a foundation for more advanced and precise control strategies in polymer bead extrusion processes.
Photochemical Action of Far‐UVC Radiation (222 nm) in Wastewater Treatment and Indoor Air Disinfection
Authors: Das Aurosikha , Monika  , Kunwar Ambarish 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUltraviolet‐ C irradiation can effectively disinfect various pathogens present in air, surfaces, and water. Various recent research studies suggest use of KrCl* (krypton‐chloride) excimer lamps to disinfect high‐risk public spaces having pathogenic bateria and viruses, as they emit Far‐UVC radiation (222 nm) with lower health risks than germicidal UVC (254 nm). The purification of water and air having pollutants and pathogens is a critical challenge in environmental protection and public health assurance. Far‐UVC excimer lamps (222 nm) have shown potential in decontaminating various organic pollutants, however, their efficacy against inorganic pollutants present in wastewater and indoor air as well as associated chemistry requires further investigations for wider acceptance. This review examines various photochemical action of Far‐UVC radiation (222 nm) in wastewater treatment and indoor air disinfection, elaborating their potential for inorganic pollutant removal in wastewater as well as challenges associated with their application in disinfection of indoor air.
Stimulus effects of extremely low‐frequency electric field exposure on calcium oscillations in a human cortical spheroid
Authors: Saito Atsushi , Shiina Takeo , Sekiba Yoichi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh‐intensity, low‐frequency (1 Hz to 100 kHz) electric and magnetic fields (EF and MF) cause electrical excitation of the nervous system via an induced EF (iEF) in living tissue. However, the biological properties and thresholds of stimulus effects on synchronized activity in a three‐dimensional (3D) neuronal network remain uncertain. In this study, we evaluated changes in neuronal network activity during extremely low‐frequency EF (ELF‐EF) exposure by measuring intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) oscillations, which reflect neuronal network activity. For ELF‐EF exposure experiments, we used a human cortical spheroid (hCS), a 3D‐cultured neuronal network generated from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived cortical neurons. A 50 Hz sinusoidal ELF‐EF exposure modulated [Ca2+]i oscillations with dependencies on exposure intensity and duration. Based on the experimental setup and results, the iEF distribution inside the hCS was estimated using high‐resolution numerical dosimetry. The numerical estimation revealed threshold values ranging between 255–510 V/m (peak) and 131–261 V/m (average). This indicates that thresholds of neuronal excitation in the hCS were equivalent to those of a thin nerve fiber.
Novel low‐band gap non‐fullerene acceptors based on IDIC core as potential photovoltaic materials
Authors: Ravindran Radhiha , Kim Inchan , Kim Yun‐Hi , Kwon Soon‐Ki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThree novel non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) (PhBu‐IDT‐BT‐IC, PhBu‐IDT‐BT‐IC4F and PhBu‐IDT‐BT‐IC4Cl) based on 3,8‐dioctyl‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b’]dithiophene (IDT) core have been designed and synthesized with and without halogen (F and Cl) substitution. The NFAs showed high thermal stability. The ultraviolet–visible absorption studies in solution and thin film for the three acceptors revealed maximum absorption from 687 to 732 nm and 731 to 847 nm, respectively. The onset of absorption in the thin film was found to be extending up to around 960 nm for PhBu‐IDT‐BT‐IC4Cl. The optical band gap ranged from 1.30 to 1.41 eV, which are very low and useful for photovoltaic application. The introduction of halogen appreciably altered the LUMO energy levels, whereas the HOMO energy levels were nearly intact. These small molecule non‐fullerene acceptors could be used as potential acceptors in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic (BHJ‐OPV) applications.
Exploration of resting‐state brain functional connectivity as preclinical markers for arousal prediction in prolonged disorders of consciousness: A pilot study based on functional near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Luo Yaomin , Wang Lingling , Yang Yuxuan , Jiang Xin , Zheng Kaiyuan , Xi Yu , Wang Min , Wang Li , Xu Yanlin , Li Jun , Xie Yulei , Wang Yinxu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is no diagnostic assessment procedure with moderate or strong evidence of use, and evidence for current means of treating prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDOC) is sparse. This may be related to the fact that the mechanisms of pDOC have not been studied deeply enough and are not clear enough. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of pDOC using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to provide a basis for the treatment of pDOC, as well as to explore preclinical markers for determining the arousal of pDOC patients.MethodsFive minutes resting‐state data were collected from 10 pDOC patients and 13healthy adults using fNIRS. Based on the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (HbO) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR) in the time series, the resting‐state cortical brain functional connectivity strengths of the two groups were calculated, and the functional connectivity strengths of homologous and heterologous brain networks were compared at the sensorimotor network (SEN), dorsal attention network (DAN), ventral attention network (VAN), default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and visual network (VIS) levels. Univariate binary logistic regression analyses were performed on brain networks with statistically significant differences to identify brain networks associated with arousal in pDOC patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were further analyzed to determine the cut‐off value of the relevant brain networks to provide clinical biomarkers for the prediction of arousal in pDOC patients.ResultsThe results showed that the functional connectivity strengths of oxyhemoglobin (HbO)‐based SEN∼SEN, VIS∼VIS, DAN∼DAN, DMN∼DMN, SEN∼VIS, SEN∼FPN, SEN∼DAN, SEN∼DMN, VIS∼FPN, VIS∼DAN, VIS∼DMN, HbR‐based SEN∼SEN, and SEN∼DAN were significantly reduced in the pDOC group and were factors that could reflect the participants' state of consciousness. The cut‐off value of resting‐state functional connectivity strength calculated by ROC curve analysis can be used as a potential preclinical marker for predicting the arousal state of subjects.ConclusionResting‐state functional connectivity strength of cortical networks is significantly reduced in pDOC patients. The cut‐off values of resting‐state functional connectivity strength are potential preclinical markers for predicting arousal in pDOC patients.
Prison mental health in South‐East Asia: A narrative review
Authors: Arafat S. M. Yasir , Kar Sujita Kumar , Abhayanayake Chittahari , Sharma Pawan , Marthoenis M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSouth‐East Asia is a densely populated region with a considerable, however, under‐prioritized mental health burden. Little is known about the mental health burden and services status in the prisons of the region.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the individual country‐wise prison mental health status in South‐East Asian region.MethodsWe performed a narrative review based on the evidence available in PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Google, and Google Scholar considering the review objectives. We highlighted country perspectives on total population, prison numbers, prisoner numbers, the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and suicide among prisoners, prison mental health services, current challenges, and ways ahead.ResultsWe discussed the prison mental health of five countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, and Sri Lanka). We found overcrowding (131.4%–215.6%) in the prisons, a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the prisons (40%–100%), negligible prison mental health services, and a lack of data on prison suicide with some variations among the five countries. Among the countries, Bangladesh has the highest prevalence (66.4%–100%) of psychiatric morbidity with an absence of a mental health system.ConclusionsPrison mental health in tSouth‐East Asia is a neglected domain and warrants attention regarding ensuring adequate mental health services to the prisoners as there are high unmet mental health needs and an absence of poorly supported mental health needs.
The role of green marketing strategies for a competitive edge: A case study about analysis of leading green companies in Jordan
Authors: Eyadat Ahmad Ali , Almuhana Mohammad , Al‐Bataineh Tarique 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to explore the relationship among green marketing practices, leadership commitment, and environmental performance specifically within Jordan's pharmaceutical industry. It explores the impact of green marketing strategies on the competitive advantage of leading green companies in Jordan. The limitations of this study focused on the Jordanian market, and its findings are not generalizable to other countries due to market contrasts. A quantitative approach was employed to address the research question of “to what extent” these strategies contribute. The theory of the resource‐based view (RBV) was applied to this topic because it suggests that a firm's competitive advantage and performance are primarily determined by its unique resources and capabilities. The research instrument consists of 9 factors clarifying the role of green marketing strategies in improving the competitive edge of leading green companies in Jordan. The population of this study includes all implementing managers of Jordanian leading green companies, while the sample of this study consists of 32 implementing managers. After distributing the scale to the participants of this study, their responses were collected and discussed carefully. Then, their responses were analyzed by using SPSS statistical tests. The results show a significant positive correlation between green marketing strategies and competitive edge. This indicates that leading Jordanian green companies actively gain “green marketing” initiatives to gain and maintain a competitive advantage in the market. The study concludes that embracing green marketing is crucial for Jordanian green companies to compete effectively and achieve sustained success. Novelty or originality in this research looks for specific statements that indicate to a novel theoretical approach, a new methodology, or an innovative application of existing theories, or a unique data. This adds new ideas to the knowledge of this study.
Hericium erinaceus Extract Induces Apoptosis via PI3K/AKT and RAS/MAPK Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Atmaca Harika , Çamli Pulat Çisil , Ilhan Suleyman , Kalyoncu Fatih 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is increasing globally, surpassing lung cancer in incidence. Despite available treatment options, prostate cancer remains incurable. Hence, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to treat PCa. Hericium erinaceus (HE), a medicinal mushroom, offers diverse therapeutic benefits. We examined HE's effects on PCa cells, preparing an ethanol extract and identifying its volatile compounds through GC‐MS. MTT assay assessed cell viability, while specific inhibitors and western blotting explored HE's impact on PI3K/AKT and RAS/MAPK pathways. Flow cytometry and ELISA evaluated apoptosis induction. HE showed concentration‐ and time‐dependent cytotoxicity on PCa cells with minimal effects on normal cells. Mechanistically, HE suppressed PI3K/AKT and RAS/MAPK pathways, reducing phosphorylated protein levels. Moreover, it induced PCa cell apoptosis. These findings suggest HE as a potential therapeutic for prostate cancer, shedding light on its cytotoxic and apoptotic effects for further investigation.
Design, Synthesis, Evaluation of Antitubercular Activity and Insilco Studies of Novel 1,5‐Naphthyridin‐2(1H)‐One Pendent 1,2,3‐Triazoles
Authors: Chilakala Nagendra Babu , Roy Arnab , Kalia Nitin Pal , Thumma Vishnu , Raju B. , Etnoori Sharada , Premalatha K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA library of 1,5‐Naphthyridin‐2(1H)‐one based 1,2,3‐triazole analogues (11a–q) were synthesized via series of reactions such as protection, oxidation, cyclization and click chemistry. The new molecules were tested for their antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis mc26230 and determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) employing Rifampicin as reference. The 3‐cyano and 4‐cyano substituted analogues 11e and 11f displayed superior activity with an MIC value of 4.0 μg/ml. Additionally, these potent molecules were tested for determination of their MBC values and ATP depletion assay showed a hopeful relative luminescence. Additionally, determined the MIC of 11e and 11f against multi‐drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis viz. mc2 8243, mc2 8247 and mc2 8259. The cytotoxicity of these two molecules presented no effects on normal cell. The profound results of these two molecules proved them as potential antitubercular agent. Further, molecular docking studies were portrayed against crystal structure of M. tuberculosis dihydrofolate reductase which garnered promising docking scores and binding interactions such as H‐bond and hydrophobic. ADME prediction revealed their favorable drug‐likeness characteristics.
Phyllanretiosides A and B: Two Undescribed Compounds from Phyllanthus Reticulatus with Nitric Oxide Production Inhibition and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Yen Duong Thi Hai , Tai Bui Huu , Yen Pham Hai , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Huong Phan Thi Thanh , Bang Ngo Anh , Dung Duong Thi , Trang Do Thi , Anh Le Tuan , Van Kiem Phan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhytochemical study on the methanol extract of the leaves of Phyllanthus reticulatus led to the isolation of two new compounds, phyllanretiosides A (1) and B (2) together with ten known ones (3–12). Their chemical structures were determined by HR‐ESI‐MS, NMR, and ECD spectra in comparison with the literature. Three ellagitannins, phyllanretioside A (1), corilagin (3), and phyllanthusiin C (4) inhibited lipopolysaccharide(LPS)‐induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values of 63.2, 83.2, and 5.6 μM, respectively. In addition, compounds 1, 3, and 4 exhibited significantly antimicrobial activity (MICs: 16–128 μg/mL) towards some of seven microbial strains.
Novel Insecticidal Pyridylhydrazono Derivatives Identified via Scaffold Hopping and Conformation Regulation Strategies
Authors: Li Xiaoyang , Zhou Cong , Yang Wulin , Li Zhong , Cheng Jiagao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInsect transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels are critical targets for insecticides. In this study, various scaffold‐hopping strategies were employed in the rational design of pyridylhydrazono derivatives as potential insect TRPV channels modulators. Insecticidal bioassay demonstrated that the initial target compounds exhibited lower insecticidal activity compared to pymetrozine, with the optimal compound B3 exhibiting a mortality rate of 53.3 % against Aphis craccivora at 400 mg L−1. Conformation analysis indicated that the high energy barrier required for the transition from the lowest‐energy conformation to the active conformation may be a key factor contributing to the reduced insecticidal activities of the target compounds. Further structural optimizations aimed at reducing this energy barrier through binding mode‐based conformation regulation led to the identification of optimal target 4‐(3′‐pyridylhydrazono)pyrazol‐5‐one derivatives C1 and C2. These compounds exhibited reduced transition energy barriers and improved insecticidal activity, with moderate mortality rate of 66.3 % and 75.7 % against A. craccivora at 400 mg L−1, respectively. These findings provide valuable insights for future research on the discovery of insect TRPV modulators and have significant implications for the development of more effective agricultural insecticides.
Organ‐On‐A‐Chip Devices: Technology Progress and Challenges
Authors: Obeid Pierre J. , Yammine Paolo , El‐Nakat Hanna , Kassab Rima , Tannous Tony , Nasr Zeina , Maarawi Therese , Dahdah Norma , El Safadi Ali , Mansour Agapy , Chmayssem Ayman 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrgan‐On‐a‐Chip (OOC) is a multichannel 3D‐microfluidic cell‐culture system incorporated in a chip that simulates the behavior of an organ. This technology relies on a multidisciplinary science that benefits from and contributes in the progress of many fields including microbiology, microfluidics, biomaterials, and bioengineering. This review article summarizes the progress and achievements of various organ‐on‐chip technologies. It highlights the significant advantages of this technology in terms of reducing animal testing and providing personalized medical responses. In addition, this paper demonstrates how OOC is becoming a promising and powerful tool in pharmaceutical research to combat diseases. It predicts not only the effects of drugs on the target organs but also, using body‐on‐a‐chip systems, it may provide insights into the side effects of the drug delivery on the other organs. Likewise, the models used for the construction of various organ‐on‐a‐chip devices are investigated along with the design and materials of microfluidic devices. For each OOC, the integrated monitoring devices within the chips (e. g., sensors and biosensors) are discussed. We also discuss the evolution of FDA regulations and the potential in the near future for integrating OOCs into protocols that support and reduce the need for and the failure rates in preclinical and clinical studies.
Interdependent Dynamic Nitroaldol and Boronic Ester Reactions for Complex Dynamers of Different Topologies
Authors: Karalius Antanas , Qi Yunchuan , Ayinla Mubarak , Szabó Zoltán , Ramström Olof 
Published: August 2024

AbstractComplex dynamic systems displaying interdependency between nitroaldol and boronic ester reactions have been demonstrated. Nitroalkane‐1,3‐diols, generated by the nitroaldol reaction, were susceptible to ester formation with different boronic acids in aprotic solvents, whereas hydrolysis of the esters occurred in the presence of water. The boronic ester formation led to significant stabilization of the nitroaldol adducts under basic conditions. The use of bifunctional building blocks was furthermore established, allowing for main chain nitroaldol‐boronate dynamers as well as complex network dynamers with distinct topologies. The shape and rigidity of the resulting dynamers showed an apparent dependency on the configuration of the boronic acids.