bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Thermoelectrics with Exceptional Conductivity by Polymer‐Dopant Matching
Authors: Gámez‐Valenzuela Sergio , Li Jianfeng , Ma Suxiang , Jeong Sang Young , Woo Han Young , Feng Kui , Guo Xugang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAchieving high electrical conductivity (σ) and power factor (PF) simultaneously remains a significant challenge for n‐type organic themoelectrics (OTEs). Herein, we demonstrate the state‐of‐the‐art OTEs performance through blending a fused bithiophene imide dimer‐based polymer f‐BTI2g‐SVSCN and its selenophene‐substituted analogue f‐BSeI2g‐SVSCN with a julolidine‐functionalized benzimidazoline n‐dopant JLBI, vis‐à‐vis when blended with commercially available n‐dopants TAM and N‐DMBI. The advantages of introducing a more lipophilic julolidine group into the dopant structure of JLBI are evidenced by the enhanced OTEs performance that JLBI‐doped films show when compared to those doped with N‐DMBI or TAM. In fact, thanks to the enhanced intermolecular interactions and the lower‐lying LUMO level enabled by the increase of selenophene content in polymer backbone, JLBI‐doped films of f‐BSeI2g‐SVSCN exhibit a unprecedent σ of 206 S cm−1 and a PF of 114 μW m−1 K−2. Interestingly, σ can be further enhanced up to 326 S cm−1 by using TAM dopant as a consequence of its favorable diffusion behavior into densely packed crystalline domains. These values are the highest to date for solution‐processed molecularly n‐doped polymers, demonstrating the effectiveness of the polymer‐dopant matching approach carried out in this work.
Assembly‐Dissociation‐Reconstruction Synthesis of Covalent Organic Framework Membranes with High Continuity for Efficient CO2 Separation
Authors: Zhang Hao , Shao Tianci , Cheng Zeliang , Dong Junchao , Wang Ziyang , Jiang Haicheng , Zhao Xu , Xiaoteng Liu Terence , Zhu Guangshan , Zou Xiaoqin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs), at the forefront of porous materials, hold tremendous potential in membrane separation; however, achieving high continuity in COF membranes remains crucial for efficient gas separation. Here, we present a unique approach termed assembly‐dissociation‐reconstruction for fabricating COF membranes tailored for CO2/N2 separation. A parent COF is designed from two‐node aldehyde and three‐node amine monomers and dissociated to high‐aspect‐ratio nanosheets. Subsequently, COF nanosheets are orderly reconstructed into a crack‐free membrane by surface reaction under water evaporation. The membrane exhibits high crystallinity, open pores and a strong affinity for CO2 adsorption over N2, resulting in CO2 permeance exceeding 1060 GPU and CO2/N2 selectivity surpassing 30.6. The efficacy of this strategy offers valuable guidance for the precise fabrication of gas‐separation membranes.
Near‐IR Emissive B–N Lewis Pair‐Functionalized Anthracenes via Selective LUMO Extension in Conjugated Dimer and Polymer
Authors: Zuo Jingyao , Liu Kanglei , Harrell Jaren , Fang Lujia , Piotrowiak Piotr , Shimoyama Daisuke , Lalancette Roger A. , Jäkle Frieder 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcenes are attractive as building blocks for low gap organic materials with applications, for example, in organic light emitting diodes, solar cells, bioimaging and diagnostics. Previously, we have shown that modification of dipyridylanthracene via B–N Lewis pair fusion (BDPA) strongly redshifts the emission, while facilitating self‐sensitized reactivity toward O2 to reversibly generate the corresponding endoperoxides. Herein, we report on the further expansion of the π‐system of BDPA to a vinyl‐substituted monomer, vinylene‐bridged dimer, and a polymer with an average of 20 chromophores. The extension of π‐conjugation results in largely reduced band gaps of 1.8 eV for the dimer and 1.7 eV for the polymer, the latter giving rise to NIR emission with a maximum at 731 nm and an appreciable quantum yield of 7 %. Electrochemical and computational studies reveal efficient delocalization of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) along the pyridyl‐anthracene‐pyridyl axis, which results in effective electronic communication between BDPA units, selectively lowers the LUMO, and ultimately narrows the band gap. Time‐resolved emission and transient absorption (TA) measurements offer insights into the pertinent photophysical processes. Extension of π‐conjugation also slows down the self‐sensitized formation of endoperoxides, while significantly accelerating the thermal release of singlet oxygen to regenerate the parent acenes.
High‐performance resistive/capacitive pressure sensor applied on smart insoles detecting abnormal activity
Authors: Truong Tran Thuy Nga , Kim Jooyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an approach to pressure sensors with dual‐function resistors and capacitors implemented with interdigitated capacitors fabricated on a flexible substrate for detecting abnormal actions during walking. In this study, we proposed a highly sensitive, broad‐range pressure sensor achieved through a combination of porous Ecoflex, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), coating single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and interdigitated electrodes. First, characterizations of the capacitor and resistor sensor applied onto cotton fabric are completed by precision LCR meter across the frequency at 50 kHz. Subsequently, the presence of volume fraction CNTs enhances the bond strength of composites, and coating SWCNT improves sensor sensitivity. The robustness of our presented sensor is validated through testing under high pressure (50 kPa) for more than 1000 cycles. Furthermore, the combination of CNTs and porous dielectric, along with SWCNT coating, achieves a broad detection range (500 kPa) with a sensitivity range from 0.018 (at 500 kPa) to 0.15 (at 5 kPa). Finally, our high‐performance resistive/capacitive pressure sensor applied on smart insoles represents a significant advancement in wearable technology for health monitoring and safety applications. Leveraging an advanced autoencoder, our proposed sensor accurately detects abnormal activity patterns, such as sudden stops or irregular gait, thereby alerting users to potential safety concerns. Its ability to detect abnormal activity patterns enhances user safety and well‐being, making it a tool for various healthcare and fitness applications.
Simultaneously enhancing the flow properties and mechanical strength of polyphenylene sulfide via in‐mold ultrasonic‐assisted injection molding
Authors: Bi Mingcheng , Liu Junfeng , Wu Qiong , Jiang Fei , Nie Pengcheng , Xu Zhongbin , Huang Xing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInjection molding is widely used for making intricate plastic products due to its precision, cost efficiency, and fast production. Industries like consumer electronics, aerospace, and medical, demand high mechanical properties from these parts. However, high‐performance polymers face challenges in flowability. Ultrasonic‐assisted injection molding offers a solution, but its impact on flowability and mechanical properties is not fully understood. We propose a novel injection mold design with in‐mold ultrasonic vibration to address this. By applying high‐frequency shear forces to the melt, it alters polymer chain alignment, enhancing flow and microstructure. Employing polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin as the primary material, this study systematically explores the impact of varying ultrasonic vibration durations and stages on melt filling behavior and product performance. Compared with conventional molds, ultrasonic‐assisted molds reduce melt viscosity by 38% and improve mechanical properties by 10.21%, with a 17.1% increase in crystallinity. This technology shows promise for improving flowability and mechanical properties in injection molding, with potential for wide industrial application.
Insights from different reproductive gene knockdowns via RNA interference in the lady beetle Eriopis connexa: Establishing a new model for molecular studies on natural enemies
Authors: Nobre Ianne Caroline da Silva , Coelho Roberta Ramos , de Souza Felipe Marinho Coutinho , Reis Manoely Abreu , Torres Jorge Braz , Antonino José Dijair 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInsect pest control can be achieved by the application of RNA interference (RNAi), a key molecular tool in functional genomics. Whereas most RNAi research has focused on insect pests, few studies have been performed on natural enemies. Validating the efficacy of RNAi in natural enemies is crucial for assessing its safety and enabling molecular research on these organisms. Here, we assessed the efficacy of RNAi in the ladybird beetle Eriopis connexa Germar (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), focusing on genes related to reproduction, such as vitellogenin (Vg) and its receptor (VgR). In the transcriptome of E. connexa, we found one VgR (EcVgR) and two Vg genes (EcVg1 and EcVg2). These genes have been validated by in silico analyses of functional domains and evolutionary relationships. Five‐day‐old females were injected with 500 ng/µL of a specific double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) (dsEcVg1, dsEcVg2, or dsEcVgR) for RNAi tests, while nonspecific dsRNA (dsGFP or dsAgCE8.1) was used as a control. Interestingly, dsEcVg2 was able to knockdown both Vg genes, while dsEcVg1 could silence only EcVg1. Additionally, the viability of the eggs was significantly reduced when both Vg genes were knocked down at the same time (after treatment with dsEcVg2 or “dsEcVg1+dsEcVg2”). Ultimately, malformed, nonviable eggs were produced when EcVgR was silenced. Interestingly, no dsRNA treatment had an impact on the quantity of eggs laid. Therefore, the feasibility of RNAi in E. connexa has been confirmed, suggesting that this coccinellid is an excellent Neotropical model for molecular research on natural enemies and for studying RNAi nontarget effects.
Diurnal cortisol profiles in autistic adolescents and young adults: Associations with social difficulties and internalizing mental health symptoms
Authors: Ilen Laura , Delavari Farnaz , Feller Clémence , Zanoletti Olivia , Sandi Carmen , Schneider Maude 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSeveral autism‐related characteristics, such as social difficulties, may contribute to high perceived stress and increased exposure to stressful life events in some autistic individuals. Repeated exposure to stress might lead to the dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary‐adrenocortical‐axis and be a vulnerability factor for developing mental health difficulties. Previous studies show contradictory findings on salivary cortisol in autism. In the current study, we investigated diurnal cortisol profiles in autistic adolescents and young adults, as well as their associations with social difficulties, stress exposure, and mental health symptoms. Autistic (n = 48, Mage = 17.6) and nonautistic (n = 51, Mage = 18.4) participants collected salivary cortisol at home six times a day for 2 days. Social difficulties, exposure to stressful life events/bullying, and mental health symptoms were assessed with questionnaires and clinical interviews. Similar diurnal cortisol slopes (DCS) and cortisol awakening responses were observed between the groups, but autistic participants showed higher total cortisol output (AUCG, area under the curve with respect to ground) during the day (b = 19.09, p = 0.009). In the autistic group, more severe social difficulties were associated with flatter DCS (b = 0.01, p = 0.007). Finally, cortisol alterations were associated with self‐reported mental health symptoms, especially in autistic females in analyses uncorrected for multiple comparisons. In conclusion, our results do not indicate autism‐related group‐level alterations in most diurnal cortisol measures, but autistic youth showed higher total cortisol (AUCG) compared with nonautistic peers. More detailed investigation of interindividual variability in cortisol profiles within autistic people might give us important insights into vulnerability to developing stress‐related mental health difficulties.
Somatosensory temporal sensitivity in adults on the autism spectrum: A high‐density electrophysiological mapping study using the mismatch negativity (MMN) sensory memory paradigm
Authors: Isenstein Emily L. , Freedman Edward G. , Molholm Sophie , Foxe John J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAtypical reactivity to somatosensory inputs is common in autism spectrum disorder and carries considerable impact on downstream social communication and quality of life. While behavioral and survey work have established differences in the perception of somatosensory information, little has been done to elucidate the underlying neurophysiological processes that drive these characteristics. Here, we implemented a duration‐based somatosensory mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm to examine the role of temporal sensitivity and sensory memory in the processing of vibrotactile information in autistic (n = 30) and neurotypical (n = 30) adults. To capture the variability in responses between groups across a range of duration discrepancies, we compared the electrophysiological responses to frequent standard vibrations (100 ms) and four infrequent deviant vibrations (115, 130, 145, and 160 ms). The same stimuli were used in a follow‐up behavioral task to determine active detection of the infrequent vibrations. We found no differences between the two groups with regard to discrimination between standard and deviant vibrations, demonstrating comparable neurologic and behavioral temporal somatosensory perception. However, exploratory analyses yielded subtle differences in amplitude at the N1 and P220 time points. Together, these results indicate that the temporal mechanisms of somatosensory discrimination are conserved in adults on the autism spectrum, though more general somatosensory processing may be affected. We discuss these findings in the broader context of the MMN literature in autism, as well as the potential role of cortical maturity in somatosensory mechanisms.
Atypical and variable attention patterns reveal reduced contextual priors in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Hou Wenwen , Cheng Rong , Zhao Zhong , Liao Haotian , Li Jing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show impairments in using contextual priors to predict others' actions and make intention inference. Yet less is known about whether and how children with ASD acquire contextual priors during action observation and how contextual priors relate to their action prediction and intention inference. To form proper contextual priors, individuals need to observe the social scenes in a reliable manner and focus on socially relevant information. By employing a data‐driven scan path method and areas of interest (AOI)‐based analysis, the current study investigated how contextual priors would relate to action prediction and intention understanding in 4‐to‐9‐year‐old children with ASD (N = 56) and typically developing (TD) children (N = 50) during free viewing of dynamic social scenes with different intentions. Results showed that children with ASD exhibited higher intra‐subject variability when scanning social scenes and reduced attention to socially relevant areas. Moreover, children with high‐level action prediction and intention understanding showed lower intra‐subject variability and increased attention to socially relevant areas. These findings suggest that altered fixation patterns might restrain children with ASD from acquiring proper contextual priors, which has cascading downstream effects on their action prediction and intention understanding.
Luftporenbeton mit superabsorbierenden Polymeren (SAP)
Authors: Schack Tobias , Dittmar Sebastian , Schauerte Matthias , Mazanec Oliver , Haist Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDie prozesssichere Einführung des angestrebten notwendigen künstlich eingeführten Luftporengehalts im Frischbeton stellt unter bestimmten baupraktischen Randbedingungen eine große Herausforderung dar. Schwankende Eigenschaften im Luftporengehalt können zu einer erhöhten Zurückweisung von Lieferungen und zu mangelnden Betoneigenschaften im Bauteil führen. Die Einflüsse auf die Luftporenbildung und ‐stabilität sind vielfältig und resultieren aus betontechnologischen, herstellungsbedingten und umgebungstechnischen Bedingungen. Die Robustheit gegenüber baupraktischen Schwankungen von superabsorbierenden Polymeren (SAP) zur Einführung eines künstlichen Luftporensystems in den Festbeton ist bisher noch recht unbekannt. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags werden aufbauend auf den vorangegangenen Teilen 1 (Frischbetoneigenschaften) und 2 (Festbetoneigenschaften) systematische Untersuchungen zur Robustheit von LP‐Betonen sowohl mit superabsorbierenden Polymeren als auch klassischem LP‐Bildner gegenüber Schwankungen der Ausgangsstoffe (Zement und feine Gesteinskörnung) und der Umgebungsbedingungen (Temperatur) beschrieben und diskutiert. Die experimentellen Untersuchungsergebnisse zeigen, dass superabsorbierende Polymere (SAP) im Beton sehr robust gegenüber solchen baupraktischen Einflüssen hinsichtlich der Einführung künstlicher Luftporen und des resultierenden Frost‐Widerstands reagieren.
Evolution of transgender rights in India: Better late than never
Authors: Bhargava Daideepya Chandra , Meshram Vikas P. , Shekhawat Raghvendra Singh , Kanchan Tanuj 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe progress of transgender rights in India has seen significant strides with milestones such as the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) judgment and the enactment of the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act in 2019. The NALSA judgment recognized the right of transgender individuals to self‐identify their gender. This decision led to the formal recognition of a ‘third gender’, advancing legislative and social reforms. Prior to this, transgender individuals faced substantial hurdles, including limited access to education, employment, and healthcare due to a lack of legal recognition. Within a few years, The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act established a framework that safeguards the rights of transgender individuals and prohibits discrimination based on gender. This legislation requires the government to take measures like promoting education, providing vocational training opportunities, ensuring accessible healthcare services, and offering social security support. It also addresses the healthcare needs of transgender individuals thereby contributing to their overall well being. The Support for Marginalised Individuals for Livelihood and Enterprise (SMILE) program and Garima Greh are initiatives that provide spaces and empower a marginalized transgender individuals and promoting their inclusion, justice and empowerment. This article explores the progress pertaining to transgender rights and welfare, while highlighting efforts undertaken by the Indian government.
Progranulin mitigates intestinal injury in a murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis by suppressing M1 macrophage polarization
Authors: Mo Dandan , Qiu Youjun , Tian Bing , Liu Xinli , Chen Yujie , Zou Guotao , Guo Chunbao , Deng Chun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNeonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a critical digestive disorder frequently affecting premature infants. Characterized by intestinal inflammation caused by activated M1 macrophages, modulation of macrophage polarization is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for NEC. It has been demonstrated that the growth factor‐like protein progranulin (PGRN), which plays roles in a number of physiological and pathological processes, can influence macrophage polarization and exhibit anti‐inflammatory characteristics in a number of illnesses. However, its role in NEC is yet to be investigated. Our research showed that the levels of PGRN were markedly elevated in both human and animal models of NEC. PGRN deletion in mice worsens NEC by encouraging M1 polarization of macrophages and escalating intestinal damage and inflammation. Intravenous administration of recombinant PGRN to NEC mice showed significant survival benefits and protective effects, likely due to PGRN's ability to inhibit M1 polarization and reduce the release of pro‐inflammatory factors. Our findings shed new light on PGRN's biological role in NEC and demonstrate its potential as a therapeutic target for the disease.
A case for the use of chemotherapy in hereditary mitochondrial optic neuropathies: Successful administration of cisplatin/etoposide in a male patient with testicular seminoma and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
Authors: Vrisakis Jean‐Luc , Fraser Clare L. , Shahnam Adel , Nindra Udit , Grimison Peter 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageWe report on the successful use of chemotherapy for treatment of stage 2B testicular seminoma in a carrier of the Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy 11778 mitochondrial mutation. Neurotoxic chemotherapy may not prompt disease conversion.
Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis as an initial manifestation of sarcoidosis: A rare case and its management
Authors: Kumar Aman , Bai Rakhi , Sanjna Fnu , Sonam Fnu , Karishma Fnu , Girish Fnu , Ali Muhammad Zia , Singh Binayak , Ahmed Zahoor , Mandal Anjali 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageSarcoidosis‐induced LETM represents a rare but life‐threatening neurological manifestation of sarcoidosis, characterized by spinal cord inflammation, and associated neurological deficits. Sarcoidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of LETM, particularly in patients with no lung involvement. Prompt recognition and management are obligatory to optimize outcomes and prevent long‐term disability.AbstractSarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory granulomatous disorder characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas. Although sarcoidosis commonly affects the skin, lymph nodes, and lungs, neurological involvement of sarcoidosis has also been reported. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a rare but well‐documented serious manifestation of neuroscoidosis. We report a case of LETM caused by sarcoidosis in a 53‐year‐old male who presented with progressive bilateral lower extremity weakness, urinary retention, and paresthesia. Laboratory evaluations revealed elevated inflammatory markers. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine showed hyperintense signals consistent with transverse myelitis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein levels. Chest computed tomography showed hilar lymphadenopathy. A biopsy of the intrathoracic lymph node showed noncaseating granulomas consistent with sarcoidosis. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis‐induced LETM was made after ruling out all other possible etiologies. His condition improved gradually after starting high‐dose prednisone, mycophenolate, and rehabilitation strategies. Our case underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of sarcoidosis‐induced LETM and highlights that sarcoidosis must be included among differential diagnoses of LETM, especially in cases with no lung involvement.
Complete hematologic response in a patient with multiple pretreated angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma after belinostat therapy followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A case report
Authors: De Wilde Sigrid , Graux Carlos 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageBelinostat therapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a promising salvage strategy for heavily pretreated patients with peripheral T‐cell lymphoma.AbstractEffective treatments for peripheral T‐cell lymphoma in the relapsed and refractory (r/r) setting are limited. However, with the development and approval of innovative therapies, effective therapeutic options are becoming available for this patient population. This case report describes the treatment course of a patient with multiple r/r nodal follicular T‐helper cell lymphoma of angioimmunoblastic type. Treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat as bridging, enabled allogeneic stem cell transplantation and resulted in a durable complete hematologic response for at least 21 months post‐transplantation.