bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular endothelial cells facilitated HCC invasion and metastasis through the Akt and NF-κB pathways induced by paracrine cytokines
Authors: Wang Yao-Hui , Dong Yin-Ying , Wang Wei-Min , Xie Xiao-Ying , Wang Zhi-Ming , Chen Rong-Xin , Chen Jie , Gao Dong-Mei , Cui Jie-Feng , Ren Zheng-Gang 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundIt is well documented that cancer cells secrete angiogenic factors to recruit and sustain tumor vascular networks. However, little is known about the effects of endothelial cells on the behavior of tumor cells. The study here was to determine the roles of endothelial cells in HCC cell growth, migration and invasion.MethodsA mixture of highly metastatic MHCC97H cells and HUVEC cells, as well as MHCC97H cells alone were subcutaneously injected into nude mice to observe the effects of HUVECs on HCC growth. The biological characteristics of MHCC97H cells respectively treated with conditioned medium (CM) derived from HUVECs and endothelial cell basal medium (EBM) in vitro, such as proliferation, migration and invasion, invasion/metastasis associated gene expression, were comparatively analyzed. Differential cytokines between CM and EBM were screened and identified using human cytokine array. Effects of the interested differential cytokine CCL2, IL-8 and CXCL16 and its related signaling pathways were further investigated in HCC cells.ResultsSubcutaneous tumorigenicity of MHCC97H cells in nude mice was promoted by HUVECs and its invasion/metastasis associated genes were significantly upregulated. The in vitro, proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells treated with CM were all significantly enhanced as compared to those with EBM stimulation. Simultaneously, PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathway in HCC cells were activated by CM. Total of 25 differential cytokines were identified between CM and EBM such as angiopoietin-2, CCL2 (MCP-1), uPA, endostatin, CXCL16, IL-8, pentraxin 3 etc. The selected differential cytokines CCL2, IL-8 and CXCL16 all modulated the expressions of HCC invasion/metastasis genes, especially MMP2 and MMP9. In exposure to CCL2 or CXCL16 alone, upregulation in AKT phosphorylation but no change in ERK phosphorylation were found in MHCC97H cells, moreover the contents of nuclear transcription factor NF-κB were increased as compared to the control. However, no effects on the activation of Akt and ERK pathway in MHCC97H were found in exposure to IL-8.ConclusionThis study expands the contribution of endothelial cells to the progression of HCC. It unveils a new paradigm in which endothelial cells function as initiators of molecular crosstalks that enhance survival, migration and invasion of HCC cells.
Striking life events associated with primary breast cancer susceptibility in women: a meta-analysis study
Authors: Lin Yan , Wang Changjun , Zhong Ying , Huang Xin , Peng Li , Shan Guangliang , Wang Ke , Sun Qiang 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Purpose
The association between striking life events, an important stress and acute anxiety disorder, and the occurrence of primary breast cancer is unclear. The current meta-analysis was designed to assess the relationship between striking life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women.

Methods
Systematic computerized searching of the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, and BMJ databases with the combinations of controlled descriptors from Mesh, including breast cancer, breast tumor, cancer of breast, mammary carcinoma, life events, life change events, case–control studies, case-base studies, cohort study, and cohort analysis and identified a total of 307 papers published from January 1995 to April 2012. Following evaluation of methodological quality with the Downs & Black criteria, seven case–control or cohort studies were selected and the association between striking life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women was measured using random effect or fixed-effect odds ratios combined with 95% confidence interval.

Results
The seven studies included in the final meta-analysis included 99,807 women. A meta-analysis showed that the pooled OR for striking life events and breast cancer was 1.51 (95% CI 1.15 - 1.97, P = 0.003), indicating that women with striking life events were at 1.5-fold greater risk of developing breast cancer. The pooled OR for severe striking life events and breast cancer was 2.07 (95% CI 1.06 - 4.03), indicating that women with severe striking life events were at 2-fold greater risk of developing breast cancer.

Conclusions
The current meta-analysis showed significant evidence for a positive association between striking life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women.
“They just scraped off the calluses”: a mixed methods exploration of foot care access and provision for people with rheumatoid arthritis in south‐western Sydney, Australia
Authors: Hendry Gordon J , Gibson Kathryn A , Pile Kevin , Taylor Luke , Du Toit Verona , Burns Joshua , Rome Keith 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThere is little indication that foot health services in Australia are meeting modern day recommendations for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. The overall objective of this study was to explore the current state of foot health services for patients with RA with an emphasis on identifying barriers to the receipt of appropriate foot care in South‐West Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.MethodsA mixed (quantitative and qualitative) approach was adopted. Indications for appropriate access to foot care were determined by comparing the foot health, disease and socio‐demographic characteristics of patients with unmet foot care demands, foot care users and patients with no demands for foot care. Perceptions of provision of, and access to, foot care were explored by conducting telephone‐based interviews using an interpretative phenomenology approach with thematic analysis.ResultsTwenty‐nine participants took part in the cross‐sectional quantitative research study design, and 12 participants took part in the interpretative phenomenological approach (qualitative study). Foot care access appeared to be driven predominantly by the presence of rearfoot deformity, which was significantly worse amongst participants in the foot care user group (p = 0.02). Five main themes emerged from the qualitative data: 1) impact of disease‐related foot symptoms, 2) footwear difficulties, 3) medical/rheumatology encounters, 4) foot and podiatry care access and experiences, and 5) financial hardship.ConclusionsFoot care provision does not appear to be driven by appropriate foot health characteristics such as foot pain or foot‐related disability. There may be significant shortfalls in footwear and foot care access and provision in Greater Western Sydney. Several barriers to adequate foot care access and provision were identified and further efforts are required to improve access to and the quality of foot care for people who have RA. Integration of podiatry services within rheumatology centres could resolve unmet needs of people with RA by permitting rapid access to expert‐led multidisciplinary foot care for people with RA.
Identifying essential genes/reactions of the rice photorespiration by in silico model-based analysis
Authors: Lakshmanan Meiyappan , Mohanty Bijayalaxmi , Lee Dong-Yup 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
Photorespiration, a highly wasteful process of energy dissipation, depresses the productivity of C3 plants such as rice (Oryza sativa) under dry and hot conditions. Thus, it is highly required to understand the cellular physiology and relevant metabolic states under photorespiration using systems approaches, thereby devising strategies for improving rice production.

Findings

In silico model-driven gene deletion analysis was performed on photorespiring leaf cells under ambient and stressed environmental conditions using our central metabolic network of rice cells. As a result, we identified a number of essential genes for the cell growth across various functional pathways such as photorespiratory cycle, Calvin cycle, GS-GOGAT cycle and sucrose metabolism as well as certain inter-compartmental transporters, which are mostly in good agreement with previous experiments. Synthetic lethal (SL) screening was also performed to identify the pair of non-essential genes whose simultaneous deletion become lethal, revealing the existence of more than 220 pairs of SLs on rice central metabolism.

Conclusions
The gene deletion and synthetic lethal analyses highlighted the rigid nature of rice photosynthetic pathways and characterized functional interactions between central metabolic genes, respectively. The biological roles of such reported essential genes should be further explored to better understand the rice photorespiration in future.
Tangible mixed reality for remote design review: a study understanding user perception and acceptance
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Dunston Phillip S 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Background
The design review process is often expensive due to the need for face-to-face meetings between the involved parties. Distributed design collaboration is made possible by advances in networking techniques. A tangible Mixed Reality (MR)-based virtual design prototype was created as a distributed virtual environment (DVE) for the purpose of improving remote design review collaboration. This tangible MR system has been developed to a point that experimental evaluation is necessary in order to understand the strengths and weaknesses of various features of the system.

Methods
In this paper, we evaluated the tangible MR system against a commercial 3D distributed design review system in three aspects: the investigation of how users experienced virtual models in the tangible MR system as compared with the commercial system, the measurement of the users’ attitude towards the effectiveness of the tangible MR system, and the discoveries of usability issues involved in the tangible MR interface through usability studies.

Results
The findings from user feedback suggest that the tangible MR system may facilitate problem-solving and the quantity of work in a given amount of time and that virtual design displayed in the mixed scene was a useful aid in the design error detection task.

Conclusion
These findings are useful for the improvement of future generations of the MR system. Also the suggestions can be further generalized to become usability guidelines for the MR developers in other applications and domains.
Hypercholesterolemia boosts joint destruction in chronic arthritis. An experimental model aggravated by foam macrophage infiltration
Authors: Prieto-Potín I , Roman-Blas JA , Martínez-Calatrava MJ , Gómez R , Largo R , Herrero-Beaumont Gabriel 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to determine whether hypercholesterolemia increases articular damage in a rabbit model of chronic arthritis.

Methods
Hypercholesterolemia was induced in 18 rabbits by administrating a high-fat diet (HFD). Fifteen rabbits were fed normal chow as controls. Chronic antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) was induced in half of the HFD and control rabbits, previously immunized, by intra-articular injections of ovalbumin. After sacrifice, lipid and systemic inflammation markers were analyzed in blood serum. Synovium was analyzed by Krenn score, multinucleated cell counting, immunohistochemistry of RAM11 and CD31, and TNF-α and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene expression. Active bone resorption was assessed by protein expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and quantification of cathepsin K, contact surface and the invasive area of pannus into bone.

Results
Rabbits receiving the HFD showed higher total serum cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides and CRP levels than rabbits fed a normal diet. Synovitis score was increased in HFD, and particularly in AIA and AIA + HFD groups. AIA + HFD synovium was characterized by a massive infiltration of RAM11+ cells, higher presence of multinucleated foam cells and bigger vascularization than AIA. Cathepsin K+ osteoclasts and the contact surface of bone resorbing pannus were also increased in rabbits with AIA + HFD compared with AIA alone. Synovial TNF-α and MCP-1 gene expression was increased in AIA and HFD rabbits compared with healthy animals. RANKL protein expression in AIA and AIA + HFD groups was higher compared with either HFD or normal groups.

Conclusions
This experimental model demonstrates that hypercholesterolemia increments joint tissue damage in chronic arthritis, with foam macrophages being key players in this process.
Identification of three new cis-regulatory IRF5 polymorphisms: in vitro studies
Authors: Alonso-Perez Elisa , Fernandez-Poceiro Romina , Lalonde Emilie , Kwan Tony , Calaza Manuel , Gomez-Reino Juan J , Majewski Jacek , Gonzalez Antonio 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Background
Polymorphisms in the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) gene are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases through independent risk and protective haplotypes. Several functional polymorphisms are already known, but they do not account for the protective haplotypes that are tagged by the minor allele of rs729302.

Methods
Polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs729302 or particularly associated with IRF5 expression were selected for functional screening, which involved electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and reporter gene assays.

Results
A total of 54 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5' region of IRF5 were genotyped. Twenty-four of them were selected for functional screening because of their high LD with rs729302 or protective haplotypes. In addition, two polymorphisms were selected for their prominent association with IRF5 expression. Seven of these twenty-six polymorphisms showed reproducible allele differences in EMSA. The seven were subsequently analyzed in gene reporter assays, and three of them showed significant differences between their two alleles: rs729302, rs13245639 and rs11269962. Haplotypes including the cis-regulatory polymorphisms correlated very well with IRF5 mRNA expression in an analysis based on previous data.

Conclusion
We have found that three polymorphisms in LD with the protective haplotypes of IRF5 have differential allele effects in EMSA and in reporter gene assays. Identification of these cis-regulatory polymorphisms will allow more accurate analysis of transcriptional regulation of IRF5 expression, more powerful genetic association studies and deeper insight into the role of IRF5 in disease susceptibility.
Improved exercise performance and increased aerobic capacity after endurance training of patients with stable polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Authors: Alemo Munters Li , Dastmalchi Maryam , Katz Abram , Esbjörnsson Mona , Loell Ingela , Hanna Balsam , Lidén Maria , Westerblad Håkan , Lundberg Ingrid E , Alexanderson Helene 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Introduction
This randomized, controlled study on patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis was based on three hypotheses: patients display impaired endurance due to reduced aerobic capacity and muscle weakness, endurance training improves their exercise performance by increasing the aerobic capacity, and endurance training has general beneficial effects on their health status.

Methods
In the first part of this study, we compared 23 patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis with 12 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. A subgroup of patients were randomized to perform a 12-week endurance training program (exercise group, n = 9) or to a non-exercising control group (n = 6). We measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and the associated power output during a progressive cycling test. Endurance was assessed as the cycling time to exhaustion at 65% of VO2 max. Lactate levels in the vastus lateralis muscle were measured with microdialysis. Mitochondrial function was assessed by measuring citrate synthase (CS) and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD) activities in muscle biopsies. Clinical improvement was assessed according to the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group (IMACS) improvement criteria. All assessors were blinded to the type of intervention (that is, training or control).

Results
Exercise performance and aerobic capacity were lower in patients than in healthy controls, whereas lactate levels at exhaustion were similar. Patients in the exercise group increased their cycling time, aerobic capacity and CS and β-HAD activities, whereas lactate levels at exhaustion decreased. Six of nine patients in the exercise group met the IMACS improvement criteria. Patients in the control group did not show any consistent changes during the 12-week study.

Conclusions
Polymyositis and dermatomyositis patients have impaired endurance, which could be improved by 12 weeks of endurance training. The clinical improvement corresponds to increases in aerobic capacity and muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities. The results emphasize the importance of endurance exercise in addition to immunosuppressive treatment of patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01184625
Intrachromosomal Amplification of Chromosome 21 Is Associated With Inferior Outcomes in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated in Contemporary Standard-Risk Children's Oncology Group Studies: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Heerema Nyla A. , Carroll Andrew J. , Devidas Meenakshi , Loh Mignon L. , Borowitz Michael J. , Gastier-Foster Julie M. , Larsen Eric C. , Mattano Leonard A. , Maloney Kelly W. , Willman Cheryl L. , Wood Brent L. , Winick Naomi J. , Carroll William L. , Hunger Stephen P. , Raetz Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2013

Purpose Five-year overall survival (OS) for children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) exceeds 90% with risk-adapted therapy. Age, initial WBC count, genetic aberrations, and minimal residual disease (MRD) are used for risk stratification. Intrachromosomal amplification of a region of chromosome 21 (iAMP21; three or more extra copies of RUNX1 on an abnormal chromosome 21) is a recently identified recurrent genomic lesion associated with inferior outcome in some studies. We investigated the impact of iAMP21 in a large cohort treated in contemporary Children's Oncology Group (COG) ALL trials. Patients and Methods Fluorescent in situ hybridization for specific genetic aberrations was required at diagnosis. MRD was measured by flow cytometry at end induction. Outcome was measured as event-free survival (EFS) and OS. Results iAMP21 was found in 158 (2%) of 7,793 patients with B-ALL age ≥ 1 year; 74 (1.5%) of 5,057 standard-risk (SR) patients, and 84 (3.1%) of 2,736 high-risk (HR) patients. iAMP21 was associated with age ≥ 10 years, WBC less than 50,000/μL, female sex, and detectable MRD at day 29. Four-year EFS and OS were significantly worse for patients with iAMP21 and SR B-ALL, but iAMP21 was not a statistically significant prognostic factor in HR patients. There was no interaction between MRD and iAMP21. Among SR patients, day 29 MRD ≥ 0.01% and iAMP21 were associated with the poorest EFS and OS; absence of both was associated with the best outcome. Conclusion iAMP21 is associated with inferior outcome in pediatric B-ALL, particularly SR patients who require more intensive therapy and are now treated on HR COG ALL protocols.
Design and Synthesis of Porous Coordination Polymers Showing Unique Guest Adsorption Behaviors
Authors: Matsuda Ryotaro 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Gas storage and separation are becoming a high priority area of research due to economic, industrial, and environmental reasons. The last two decades have therefore witnessed dramatic growth in the search for more efficient and adaptable nanoporous materials. In particular, much attention has been focused on porous coordination polymers (PCPs) or metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as new nanoporous materials. Based on the unlimited combination of metal ions and organic ligands, PCPs can provide infinite variety of nanospace in their pores. As molecular adsorption is dependent on the size, shape, and surface nature of nanospace, many unique molecular adsorption or trapping phenomena have been reported in this class of compounds. In this account, I focus on how thoughtful design can lead to the synthesis of porous coordination polymers that demonstrate unprecedented adsorption behavior not found in other porous materials. Examples include selective adsorption of acetylene over carbon dioxide in the CPL series of PCPs, using charge-transfer to induce selective adsorption of nitric oxide and oxygen in TCNQ (7,7,8,8-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane) based PCP and light-induced on-demand adsorption and structural transformations in CID-based PCPs. The guidelines underpinning such unique, highly selective guest adsorption are discussed.
Chemistry of Anthracene–Acetylene Oligomers. XXIII. Molecular Structures and Stereochemistry of Anthracene–Diacetylene Cyclic Dimers Having Two Intraannular Alkoxy Groups
Authors: Toyota Shinji , Tsuya Takuya , Iwanaga Tetsuo 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Anthracene–diacetylene cyclic dimers having two alkoxy groups (OMe, OEt, or OPr groups) at the intraannular positions were synthesized by dimerization of 1,8-diethynylanthracene precursors. For the OEt and OPr compounds, anti- and syn-stereoisomers that differed in the direction of the alkyl groups were separated by chromatography. Kinetic measurements showed that the barriers to isomerization from syn-isomer to anti-isomer were 124 and &gt;146 kJ mol−1 for the OEt and OPr compounds, respectively. The molecular structures of these compounds were examined by X-ray analysis and DFT calculations. The preference for anti-isomers is attributable to the intramolecular C–H···O hydrogen bonds. The effects of substituents on the molecular structures and the barriers to isomerization are discussed.
Synthesis of Anionic Sulfonate-functionalized Conducting Polymer Nanotubes and Selective Confinement of Cationic Gold Nanoparticles in Their Inner Cavities via Electrostatic Interaction
Authors: Fujimoto Nobuyuki , Nakahodo Tsukasa , Fujihara Hisashi 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
New sulfonate-functionalized conducting polythiophene nanotubes were synthesized and easily dispersed in water without them aggregating. The positively charged Au nanoparticles with viologen were selectively attached to the inner surfaces of their negatively charged polythiophene nanotubes via an interfacial electrostatic interaction.
Mathematical Forecasting Model of Water Sources’ Ecological Safety
Authors: Сметанников  , Smetannikov Yu. , Коптев  , Koptev N. , Зайцев  , Zaytsev V. , Лукашев  , Lukashev E. 
Published: August 2013

Mathematical modeling techniques of self-cleaning separate mechanisms, and also the models, which consider the impact of toxicants on the course of biological processes are offered. The functions reflecting a system reaction nature on internal and
external factors are received.
The obtained results qualitatively correctly describe the &#34;biomass – resource&#34; system evolution, which allows during comparison of model equations’ solutions and experimental data to calculate the kinetic constants of model.
Effectively Managing Dental Caries: Prevention and Disease Ownership
Authors: Brunton Paul 
Published: August 2013

• Better prevention will result in smaller carious lesions being diagnosed at an earlier stage • White spot lesions are amenable to being repaired using biomimetic technologies • Digital technology will improve diagnosis but will also assist practitioners in the monitoring of lesions • When operative intervention is indicated it will be of a minimal nature. Following validation, newer techniques for caries removal will become the norm