bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell fusion through a microslit between adhered cells and observation of their nuclear behavior
Authors: Wada Ken‐Ichi , Hosokawa Kazuo , Kondo Eitaro , Ito Yoshihiro , Maeda Mizuo 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a novel cell fusion method which induces cell fusion between adhered cells through a microslit for preventing nuclear mixing. For this purpose, a microfluidic device which had ∼100 cell pairing structures (CPSs) making cell pairs through microslits with 2.1 ± 0.3 µm width was fabricated. After trapping NIH3T3 cells with hydrodynamic forces at the CPSs, the cells were fused through the microslit by the Sendai virus envelope method. With following timelapse observation, we discovered that the spread cells were much less susceptible to nuclear migration passing through the microslit compared with round cells, and that cytoplasmic fraction containing mitochondria was transferred through the microslit without nuclear mixing. These findings will provide an effective method for cell fusion without nuclear mixing, and will lead to an efficient method for reprograming and transdifferentiation of target cells toward regenerative medicine. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1464–1468. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Fast, Visible‐Light‐Sensitive Azobenzene for Bioorthogonal Ligation
Authors: Poloni Claudia , Szymański Wiktor , Hou Lili , Browne Wesley R. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAzobenzenes have been used as photoresponsive units for the control of numerous biological processes. Primary prerequisites for such applications are site‐selective incorporation of photoswitchable units into biomolecules and the possibility of using non‐destructive and deep‐tissue‐penetrating visible light for the photoisomerization. Here we report a push–pull azobenzene that readily undergoes a Staudinger–Bertozzi ligation with azide groups, that can be addressed with visible light (>440 nm) and exhibits the solvato‐ and acidochromism typical for push–pull systems. The thermal relaxation in aqueous environment proceeds on the low‐millisecond timescale, thus enabling control over biological processes on similar timescales. The approach is demonstrated in the modification of a quartz surface and in the incorporation of an azobenzene unit into a functional peptide, the third zinc finger in the mammalian factor Sp1.
Intrinsic Peroxidase‐like Activity of Porous CuO Micro‐/nanostructures with Clean Surface
Authors: Liu Yuanjun , Zhu Guoxing , Bao Chunlin , Yuan Aihua , Shen Xiaoping 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPorous CuO micro‐/nanostructures with clean surface, prepared through Cu2(OH)2CO3 precursor followed by calcination in air, were proven to be an effective peroxidase mimic. They can quickly catalyze oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2, producing a blue color. The obtained porous CuO micro‐/nanostructure have potential application in wastewater treatment. The apparent steady‐state kinetic parameter was studied with TMB as the substrate. In addition, the potential application of the porous CuO in wastewater treatment was demonstrated with phenol‐containing water as an example. Such investigation not only confirms the intrinsic peroxidase‐like activity of micro‐/nanostructured CuO, but also suggests its potential application in wastewater treatment.
Synthesis of β‐Cyclodextrin‐[60]fullerene Conjugate and Its DNA Cleavage Performance
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Zhang Zhaoheng , Wu Wei , Jiang Xiqun 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA water soluble β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) functionalized [60]fullerene (C60‐CD) was synthesized. The C60‐CD‐induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and DNA‐cleavage ability and cytotoxicity of C60‐CD were studied upon visible light irradiation, demonstrating that the compound is very promising in the applications of photodynamic therapy. The histological analyses demonstrate that C60‐CD has no acute or subacute toxicity to living body.
Mechanical Reinforcement of Molecular Hydrogel by Co‐assembly of Short Peptide‐based Gelators with Different Aromatic Capping Groups
Authors: Li Dongxia , Shi Yang , Wang Ling 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe demonstrated in this study that mixing two short peptide‐based gelators with different aromatic capping groups would result in molecular hydrogels with enhanced mechanical property. We selected gelators of PTZ‐GFFY and Nap‐GFFY for the study. Both PTZ‐GFFY and Nap‐GFFY could independently form molecular hydrogel by a heating‐cooling process. However, the mechanical property of gels of PTZ‐GFFY and Nap‐GFFY was relatively weak with storage moduli (G′) of about 500 and 150 Pa, respectively. A two‐component gel of PTZ‐GFFY and Nap‐GFFY could also form by a heating‐cooling process. Surprisingly, the G′ value of the two‐component gel was about 5000 Pa , which was at least ten times bigger than that of each single‐component gel. This is a novel and simple strategy to improve the mechanical property of molecular hydrogels.
B 3Q MAS NMR Study on Glucose‐Responsive Micelles Self‐assembled from PEG‐b‐P(AA‐co‐AAPBA)
Authors: Ma Rujiang , Wang Beilei , Sun Pingchuan , Shi Linqi 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPhenylboronic acid (PBA) based glucose‐responsive materials have attracted great interests in recent years for developing insulin delivery systems. It is desired to obtain PBA based materials that can response to glucose under physiological pH and understand the mechanism. By using 11B triple‐quantum magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (11B 3Q MAS NMR) measurements, the glucose‐responsive mechanism of micelles self‐assembled from poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐ploy(acrylic acid‐co‐acrylamidophenylboronic acid) PEG‐b‐P(AA‐co‐AAPBA) is deeply investigated. Different configurations of phenylboronic acid during various steps of glucose‐responsive behaviors are clearly analyzed in the 11B 3Q MAS NMR spectra and coordination between carboxyl and PBA is confirmed. By increasing the AA units in PEG‐b‐P(AA‐co‐AAPBA), the carboxyl can coordinate with PBA moieties and cause the glucose‐responsiveness of micelles even in the weak acid environment.
Selection of partial replication on two‐level orthogonal arrays
Authors: Tsai Shin‐Fu , Liao Chen‐Tuo 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDue to the lack of a replication‐based estimate for the experimental error variance, unreplicated orthogonal main‐effect plans (OMEPs) usually appear to be unsatisfactory in screening active factors, when there are certain interactions likely to be non‐negligible. In this study, partially replicated designs constructed through two‐level orthogonal arrays are recommended to compensate for this deficiency. A compound criterion called the extended minimum aberration (EMA) is proposed for choosing the twice‐replicated fractions. According to the EMA criterion, sufficient conditions for constructing the minimal two‐level OMEPs with partial replication are proposed, and a series of EMA designs with practical run‐sizes is provided for practical applications. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 42: 168–183; 2014 © 2014 Statistical Society of Canada
Modelling the influence of endothelial heterogeneity on the progression of arterial disease: application to abdominal aortic aneurysm evolution
Authors: Aparício P. , Mandaltsi A. , Boamah J. , Chen H. , Selimovic A. , Bratby M. , Uberoi R. , Ventikos Y. , Watton P.N. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYWe sophisticate a fluid–solid growth computational framework for modelling aneurysm evolution. A realistic structural model of the arterial wall is integrated into a patient‐specific geometry of the vasculature. This enables physiologically representative distributions of haemodynamic stimuli, obtained from a rigid‐wall computational fluid dynamics analysis, to be linked to growth and remodelling algorithms. Additionally, a quasistatic structural analysis quantifies the cyclic deformation of the arterial wall so that collagen growth and remodelling can be explicitly linked to the cyclic deformation of vascular cells. To simulate aneurysm evolution, degradation of elastin is driven by reductions in wall shear stress (WSS) below homeostatic thresholds. Given that the endothelium exhibits spatial and temporal heterogeneity, we propose a novel approach to define the homeostatic WSS thresholds: We allow them to be spatially and temporally heterogeneous. We illustrate the application of this novel fluid–solid growth framework to model abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) evolution and to examine how the influence of the definition of the WSS homeostatic threshold influences AAA progression. We conclude that improved understanding and modelling of the endothelial heterogeneity is important for modelling aneurysm evolution and, more generally, other vascular diseases where haemodynamic stimuli play an important role. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resource preprocessing and optimal task scheduling in cloud computing environments
Authors: Liu Zhaobin , Qu Wenyu , Liu Weijiang , Li Zhiyang , Xu Yujie 
Published: January 2014

SummaryCloud computing came into being and is currently an essential infrastructure of many commerce facilities. To achieve the promising potentials of cloud computing, effective and efficient scheduling algorithms are fundamentally important. However, conventional scheduling methodology encounters a number of challenges. During the tasks scheduling in cloud systems, how to make full use of resources and how to effectively select resources are also important factors. At the same time, communication delay also plays an important role in cloud scheduling, which not only leads to waiting between tasks but also results in much idle interval time between processing units. In this paper, a fuzzy clustering method is used to effectively preprocess the cloud resources. Combining the list scheduling with the task duplication scheduling scheme, a new directed acyclic graph based scheduling algorithm called earliest finish time duplication algorithm for heterogeneous cloud systems is presented. Earliest finish time duplication attempts to insert suitable immediate parent nodes of the current selected node in order to reduce its waiting time on the processor. The case study and experimental results illustrate that the algorithm proposed in this paper is better than the popular heterogeneous earliest finish time algorithms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of α‐Amino‐γ‐lactams through Pd‐Catalzed Intramolecular Allylic Alkylation of Sarcosine Allyl Amides
Authors: Thies Sarah , Kazmaier Uli 
Published: January 2014

AbstractN‐Protected amino acid allyl amides with an allylic leaving group can be used as substrates in palladium‐catalyzed allylic alkylation. Whereas intermolecular allylations proceed with excellent yields under standard conditions for enolate reactions, the intramolecular version is not a trivial issue. N‐Protected glycine amides preferentially form piperidinones through N‐allylation, but the corresponding sarcosine derivatives provide γ‐lactams in acceptable to good yields in dichloromethane, especially when the corresponding titanium enolates are formed.
Synthesis of (+)‐Lentiginosine and Its Pyrrolizidine Analogue Based on Intramolecular Cyclization of α‐Sulfinyl Carbanions
Authors: Du‐a‐man Sakkarin , Soorukram Darunee , Kuhakarn Chutima , Tuchinda Patoomratana , Reutrakul Vichai , Pohmakotr Manat 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA synthesis of (+)‐lentiginosine and its pyrrolizidine analogue was accomplished in six steps, starting from L‐(+)‐tartaric acid. The key step of these syntheses involves the intramolecular cyclization of α‐sulfinyl carbanions for the construction of the indolizidine or pyrrolizidine ring.
Stereoselective Access to Trisubstituted Cyclopentanols from Chiral Unsaturated Oxo Esters by Ketyl Radical Cyclization
Authors: Feuillastre Sophie , Pelotier Béatrice , Piva Olivier 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSubstituted cyclopentanols with three contiguous stereocenters were prepared with impressive diastereocontrol through a samarium diiodide induced 5‐exo‐trig radical process. The chiral unsaturated oxo ester precursors were prepared with ee values up to 90 % from propionaldehyde through a two‐step organocatalyzed aldolization and Wittig–Horner olefination reaction sequence.
Relaxation method for pounding action between adjacent buildings at expansion joint
Authors: Takabatake Hideo , Yasui Masaaki , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Kishida Akiko 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYEarthquake‐induced structural pounding frequently causes serious damage to buildings, particularly at the expansion joint (hereafter, EXPJ) between adjacent buildings. Because the EXPJ width in existing reinforced concrete buildings is usually very small, typically about 5 cm for school buildings in Japan, collision avoidance cannot be achieved by seismic retrofitting. This paper presents an experimental investigation into an effective method for reducing severe structural damage due to pounding at the EXPJ between narrowly separated buildings. The method involves inserting a shock‐absorbing material such as rubber into the EXPJ gap. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated by laboratory shaking tests using two model buildings. Furthermore, a lumped mass model is used to carry out a collision analysis in order to numerically investigate the influence of such a shock‐absorbing material. Both the numerical and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The validity of the proposed method is also demonstrated by numerical simulation of adjacent 10‐story steel buildings with an EXPJ width of 5 cm. The force, acceleration and velocity produced by earthquake‐induced structural pounding are found to be remarkably mitigated by inserting a soft shock‐absorbing material into the EXPJ gap. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An iterative method for the computation of the response of linearised Navier–Stokes equations to harmonic forcing and application to forced cylinder wakes
Authors: Lu Liang , Papadakis George 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYThe central aim of this paper is the development and application of an efficient, iterative methodology for the computation of the perturbation fields induced by harmonic forcing of the linearised Navier–Stokes equations. The problem is formulated directly in the frequency domain, and the resulting system of equations is solved iteratively until convergence. The method is easily implemented to any implicit code that can solve iteratively the steady‐state Navier–Stokes equations. In this paper, it is applied to investigate the flow around a static cylinder with pulsating approaching flow and a cylinder undergoing forced stream‐wise oscillations. All terms of the perturbation kinetic energy equation are computed, and it is shown that perturbations grow by extracting energy from two sources: the underlying base flow field and the externally provided energy that maintains the imposed oscillation. The periodic drag force acting on the cylinder is also computed, and it is demonstrated that Morrison's equation is a simple model that can estimate with good accuracy the amplitude and phase of this force with respect to the approaching flow. The perturbation fields induced by periodic inlet flow (static cylinder) and forced stream‐wise cylinder oscillation are closely related: the velocity fields are identical in the appropriate reference frames, and a simple expression is derived, which links the pressures in the two flow cases. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychotic major depression in older people: a systematic review
Authors: Gournellis Rossetos , Oulis Panagiotis , Howard Robert 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically review available evidence relevant to the following issues: (1) whether psychotic major depression (PMD) in older people differs in overall severity from non‐PMD, besides the presence of psychotic symptoms; (2) whether it constitutes a distinct clinical entity from non‐PMD; and (3) whether it differs from PMD in younger adults.DesignA computerized MEDLINE, PsycINFO and the entire Cochrane Library search has been performed in June 2013 for prospective controlled studies investigating PMD features in older people.ResultsThirty‐five relevant studies were identified. PMD in older people compared with non‐PMD has been shown to present with overall more severe depressive symptomatology, more psychomotor disturbance, more guilt feelings, more depressive episodes with psychosis, worse prognosis, more severe executive dysfunction associated with frontal lobe atrophy, and lower serum dopamine β‐hydroxylase activity. No differences in the efficacy of an antidepressant plus antipsychotic combination versus antidepressant monotherapy in the acute treatment as well as in the maintenance treatment were found. PMD in older patients is characterized by more somatic complaints and delusions of hypochondriacal and impending disaster content and by a lower comorbidity with anxiety disorders compared with PMD in younger adults.ConclusionsPsychotic major depression in older people is associated with higher severity in most clinically important key features than in non‐PMD. However, available evidence is still insufficient for the conclusive elucidation of its nosological status. Finally, the differences between PMD in older and younger patients can be attributed to biological and psychosocial changes of old age. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictors of perceived functional ability in early‐stage dementia: self‐ratings, informant ratings and discrepancy scores
Authors: Martyr Anthony , Nelis Sharon M. , Clare Linda 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveAssessing functional ability is an important element in diagnosing and monitoring the progression of dementia, with research suggesting a link between functional ability and cognition. We investigated the predictors of total score and individual item functional ratings made by people with dementia (PwD), carers of PwD and the resulting discrepancy score.MethodsPeople with early‐stage Alzheimer's disease, vascular or mixed dementia (n = 100) and their carers completed the Functional Activities Questionnaire. PwD also completed tests of memory, verbal executive function, language and cognitive screening, and provided ratings of mood. Carers provided a rating of stress.ResultsImmediate memory predicted self‐rated functioning, whereas carer stress predicted informant‐rated functioning. Letter fluency predicted the discrepancy between self‐rated and informant‐rated functioning. For self‐rated functioning, the direction and pattern of the individual item predictors suggested a degree of functional awareness. Informant ratings were dominated by carer stress and, to a lesser extent, everyday memory. The discrepancy scores were also predicted by carer stress and everyday memory, but also letter fluency.ConclusionsSelf‐rated functioning showed evidence of awareness based on the direction and pattern of significant individual item predictors. Informant ratings, however, were found to be significantly influenced by carer stress. The findings have implications for the use of perceived functional ratings in clinical and research settings. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nitrogen transformation and plant growth in response to different urea‐application methods and the addition of DMPP
Authors: Xu Li , Chen Huan , Xu JingJing , Yang JianBo , Li XueChao , Liu ManQiang , Jiao JiaGuo , Hu Feng , Li Huixin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe differences in soil inorganic‐nitrogen (N) concentration and distribution, plant biomass, and root growth in the presence or absence of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4‐dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) under different urea‐application methods (placement versus homogeneously applied) were explored in a short‐term microcosm experiment. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown in a microcosm with six different treatments: no amendment (CK), DMPP homogeneously applied (DMPP‐hom), urea homogeneously applied (Urea‐hom), urea with DMPP homogeneously applied (Urea + DMPP‐hom), urea placement (Urea‐place), and urea with DMPP placement (Urea + DMPP‐place). After 28 d, plant biomass, soil inorganic nitrogen content, distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen and plant roots in the soil were analyzed. The soil inorganic N and plant roots tended to be distributed asymmetrically in the placement treatment but were distributed symmetrically in the homogeneous treatment. DMPP addition significantly increased the soil NH$ _4^+ $‐N content and decreased the NO$ _3^- $‐N content, especially near the fertilized zones in the placement treatment. Compared to the urea‐only treatments, DMPP application significantly increased the shoot biomass and root lengths of the wheat in the homogeneous treatment but decreased them in the placement treatment. Therefore, homogeneously applied urea and DMPP may produce a more uniform nutrient distribution, leading to greater nitrogen retention in the soil and thus accelerating wheat growth.
High mutation detection rates in cerebral cavernous malformation upon stringent inclusion criteria: one‐third of probands are minors
Authors: Spiegler Stefanie , Najm Juliane , Liu Jian , Gkalympoudis Stephanie , Schröder Winnie , Borck Guntram , Brockmann Knut , Elbracht Miriam , Fauth Christine , Ferbert Andreas , Freudenberg Leonie , Grasshoff Ute , Hellenbroich Yorck , Henn Wolfram , Hoffjan Sabine , Hüning Irina , Korenke G. Christoph , Kroisel Peter M. , Kunstmann Erdmute , Mair Martina , Munk‐Schulenburg Susanne , Nikoubashman Omid , Pauli Silke , Rudnik‐Schöneborn Sabine , Sudholt Irene , Sure Ulrich , Tinschert Sigrid , Wiednig Michaela , Zoll Barbara , Ginsberg Mark H. , Felbor Ute 
Published: January 2014

AbstractCerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are prevalent vascular malformations occurring in familial autosomal dominantly inherited or isolated forms. Once CCM are diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging, the indication for genetic testing requires either a positive family history of cavernous lesions or clinical symptoms such as chronic headaches, epilepsy, neurological deficits, and hemorrhagic stroke or the occurrence of multiple lesions in an isolated case. Following these inclusion criteria, the mutation detection rates in a consecutive series of 105 probands were 87% for familial and 57% for isolated cases. Thirty‐one novel mutations were identified with a slight shift towards proportionally more CCM3 mutations carriers than previously published (CCM1: 60%, CCM2: 18%, CCM3: 22%). In‐frame deletions and exonic missense variants requiring functional analyses to establish their pathogenicity were rare: An in‐frame deletion within the C‐terminal FERM domain of CCM1 resulted in decreased protein expression and impaired binding to the transmembrane protein heart of glass (HEG1). Notably, 20% of index cases carrying a CCM mutation were below age 10 and 33% below age 18 when referred for genetic testing. Since fulminant disease courses during the first years of life were observed in CCM1 and CCM3 mutation carriers, predictive testing of minor siblings became an issue.
Mechanochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Alkaline Earth Metal Terephthalates: M(C8H4O4)·nH2O (M = Ca, Sr, Ba)
Authors: Scholz Gudrun , Abdulkader Abdullah , Kemnitz Erhard 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe mechanochemical synthesis offers an easy access to obtain alkaline earth metal terephthalates M(C8H4O4)·nH2O (M = Ca, Sr, Ba). In the presented study we describe for the first time the mechanochemical synthesis of powders of Ca(C8H4O4)·3H2O, Ca(C8H4O4), Sr(C8H4O4)·H2O, and Ba(C8H4O4), which so far were only synthesized as single crystals from aqueous solutions or by reactions in an autoclave. Furthermore, a new hydrate Ba(C8H4O4)·2(1.5)H2O, not described so far in the literature, was prepared. All compounds were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, FT‐IR, and MAS NMR spectroscopic measurements.