bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Socio‐Politics of the Greek Debt Crisis in a Primary Art Classroom: A Political Cartooning Project
Authors: Christopoulou Martha 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis article reports on an event‐driven case study which took the form of a curriculum intervention in order to examine how a class of fifth‐graders understood, interpreted and commented visually on the Greek debt crisis. Considering art education as a safe place where students can critically investigate through relevant visual culture genres socio‐political issues that affect their own lives, the author developed and implemented a political cartooning project. The students were engaged in making political cartoons about the Greek debt crisis and interrelated socio‐political issues and events. A finding of the study was that the students located, identified and labelled the multiple facets of the Greek crisis in a way that was meaningful to them. They employed visual and/or linguistic metaphors as a humorous mechanism to create meaning and emphasised the enormous strains placed on Greek society. The article concludes that the inclusion of the Greek debt crisis in the art curriculum served as a tool for social awareness for the students and connected schooling with society.
Most appropriate placement for people with dementia: individual experts' vs. expert groups' decisions in eight European countries
Authors: Saks Kai , Tiit Ene‐Margit , Verbeek Hilde , Raamat Katrin , Armolik Angelika , Leibur Jelena , Meyer Gabriele , Zabalegui Adelaida , Leino‐Kilpi Helena , Karlsson Staffan , Soto Maria , Tucker Sue ,   the RightTimePlaceCare Consortium
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimsTo investigate the extent of variability in individuals' and multidisciplinary groups' decisions about the most appropriate setting in which to support people with dementia in different European countries.BackgroundProfessionals' views of appropriate care depend on care systems, cultural background and professional discipline. It is not known to what extent decisions made by individual experts and multidisciplinary groups coincide.DesignA modified nominal group approach was employed in eight countries (Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK) as part of the RightTimePlaceCare Project.MethodsDetailed vignettes about 14 typical case types of people with dementia were presented to experts in dementia care (n = 161) during November and December 2012. First, experts recorded their personal judgements about the most appropriate settings (home care, assisted living, care home, nursing home) in which to support each of the depicted individuals. Second, participants worked in small groups to reach joint decisions for the same vignettes.ResultsConsiderable variation was seen in individuals' recommendations for more than half the case types. Cognitive impairment, functional dependency, living situation and caregiver burden did not differentiate between case types generating high and low degrees of consensus. Group‐based decisions were more consistent, but country‐specific patterns remained.ConclusionsA multidisciplinary approach would standardize the decisions made about the care needed by people with dementia on the cusp of care home admission. The results suggest that certain individuals could be appropriately diverted from care home entry if suitable community services were available.
Estimates of genetic parameters associated with lactation feed intake and growth and composition traits measured during a performance test
Authors: Yoder C.L. , Duttlinger V.M. , Baas T.J. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryDays to reach 113.4 kg, adjusted backfat depth and adjusted loin muscle area to 113.4 kg were evaluated on pure‐bred Landrace (n = 15 660) and Yorkshire (n = 14 808) boars and gilts. Daily lactation feed intake (LFI) was recorded within parity records from pure‐bred Yorkshire (n = 1587) and Landrace (n = 2197) females during day 1–22 of lactation, and LFI curves were predicted using a mixed model. Evaluation of feed intake differences between 2 consecutive days of lactation resulted in the following periods: day 1–6 (PB1), day 7–10 (PB2) and day 11–18 (PB3). Average rate of change in intake (ARC), average daily intake (ADI) and variation from predicted daily LFI values (VAR) metrics were computed for each period of lactation. Gibbs sampling was used to estimate the genetic covariance between LFI metrics and grow‐finish traits. Genetic correlations were strongest between grow‐finish traits, and LFI metrics in first parity sows and were generally favourable, but correlations with LFI metrics during parity 2 or greater were low and not different from 0 (p > 0.05). Genetic correlations between LFI metrics in parity 1 sows with growth and composition traits varied greatly in strength and direction. Selection for leaner, heavier muscled gilts had a limited effect on LFI metrics. However, selection for increased growth rate was associated with higher ARC and ADI and smaller VAR values.
Codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood
Authors: Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Lichtenstein Paul , D'Onofrio Brian M. , Larsson Henrik 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundAttention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co‐occurs with externalizing disorders, but a clear understanding of the etiologic underpinnings is hampered by the limited understanding of the codevelopment of the traits from childhood into early adulthood.MethodsUsing a birth cohort of 2600 twins, the Swedish Twin study of Child and Adolescent Development study, assessed at ages 8–9, 13–14, 16–17, and 19–20, we investigated the codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood. The analyses examined ADHD‐like and externalizing traits, as rated by twins and their parents using the Attention Problems scale and Externalizing scale of the Child Behavior Checklist, and estimated cross‐lagged effects (one trait at one time‐point predicting the other at the next). The covariation between the traits were decomposed into stable (effects carried over from the prior time‐points) and innovative (new effects for each time‐point) sources; each source was further decomposed into additive genetics, shared and nonshared environment.ResultsThe analysis suggested that externalizing traits in middle childhood (age 8–9) predicted ADHD‐like traits in early adolescence (age 13–14), whereas the reverse association was nonsignificant. In contrast, ADHD‐like traits in lateadolescence (age 16–17) predicted externalizing traits in early adulthood (age 19–20). The correlation between ADHD‐like and externalizing traits increased over time. At all time‐points, innovative sources contributed substantially to maintained comorbidity. Genetic effects explained 67% of the covariation at each time‐point; importantly, nearly 50% of these effects were innovative.ConclusionsThis study challenges the belief that ADHD generally precedes externalizing behaviors; rather, change in the etiologic factors across the development is the rule. The effects were due to both new genetic and environmental factors emerging up to young adulthood. Clinicians and researchers needs to consider complex etiologic and developmental models for the comorbidity between ADHD and externalizing behaviors.
Digital differential confocal microscopy based on spatial shift transformation
Authors: LIU J. , WANG Y. , LIU C. , WILSON T. , WANG H. , TAN J. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryDifferential confocal microscopy is a particularly powerful surface profilometry technique in industrial metrology due to its high axial sensitivity and insensitivity to noise. However, the practical implementation of the technique requires the accurate positioning of point detectors in three‐dimensions. We describe a simple alternative based on spatial transformation of a through‐focus series of images obtained from a homemade beam scanning confocal microscope. This digital differential confocal microscopy approach is described and compared with the traditional Differential confocal microscopy approach. The ease of use of the digital differential confocal microscopy system is illustrated by performing measurements on a 3D standard specimen.
Identification of new risk factors for wound separation in gynecologic malignancy surgery
Authors: Yanazume Shintaro , Kamio Masaki , Karakida Noriko , Gibo Akiko , Nakajo Yukiko , Togami Shinichi , Douchi Tsutomu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to compare prophylactic subcutaneous drainage plus subcuticular sutures versus staples for the risk of wound separation after skin closure following gynecologic malignancy surgery, and to investigate the risk factors of this procedure.Material and MethodsPatients were divided into two groups: 120 patients who were treated with subcutaneous drainage plus subcuticular sutures (Suture group) and 201 patients with staples plus subcutaneous sutures (Staples group). In the Suture group, subcuticular tissue was approximated with interrupted 4‐0 polydioxanone sutures, and adhesive closure strips were used on the skin surface. A 3.3‐mm closed drainage was implicated in subcutaneous tissue. In the Staples group, subcutaneous tissue was approximated with interrupted polyglactin (Vicryl, Ethicon) sutures.ResultsBaseline characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. Mean operation times were compatible (201 vs 196 min, P = 0.16). The incidence of wound separation was less in the Suture group than in the Staples group (3/120 vs 17/201, P = 0.033). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the Staples group was an independent risk factor for wound separation (odds ratio 7.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.59–33.91, P = 0.011), independent of obesity, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages, and operation time. None of the 14 obese patients in the Suture group showed surgical wound separation.ConclusionsThe combination of a prophylactic subcutaneous drain and subcuticular sutures reduced wound separation after skin closure following gynecologic malignancy surgery. With the information regarding risk factors established in this study, the above method provides the best results to minimize the risk, particularly in obese patients.
Dienogest for the treatment of deep endometriosis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Agarwal Sugandha , Fraser Margaret Ann , Chen Innie , Singh Sukhbir Sony 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA 38‐year‐old woman was found to have a deep 3.3‐cm endometriotic nodule of the bladder, confirmed by cystoscopic resection and imaging. Ultrasound also confirmed a 2.6‐cm vaginal fornix implant with similar appearance to the bladder mass. The patient's primary symptoms were mild dysmenorrhea, catamenial dysuria and hematuria. The patient conceived shortly after referral and 3 months post‐delivery was offered surgical management but declined in favor of medical management. Dienogest 2 mg once a day was started and after 16 months of treatment, more than 50% reduction in the size of the bladder nodule was seen (pretreatment: 3.3 × 3.0 × 2.7 cm, volume: 13.9 cm3; post‐treatment: 2.8 × 2.3 × 1.0 cm, volume: 6.4 cm3). The vaginal mass also decreased in size from a pretreatment value of 2.0 × 2.6 × 1.4 cm (3.8 cm3) to 1.1 × 1.4 × 0.5 mm (0.40 cm3) after the treatment. The patient remained asymptomatic with no significant adverse drug reaction during management. Dienogest may be one of the options for medical management of deep endometriosis in young women especially when surgical intervention is declined.
Case report of a rare dermatosis in pregnancy: Impetigo herpetiformis
Authors: Ulubay Mustafa , Keskin Uğur , Fidan Ulas , Çiçek Ali Fuat , Çalışkan Ercan , Karaca Rıza Efendi , Fıratlıgil Fahri Burçin , Ergün Ali 
Published: October 2014

AbstractImpetigo herpetiformis (IH) is a very rare type of dermatosis seen in pregnancy. According to the published work, IH during pregnancy is associated with the risk of stillbirth, and obstetric management in such cases is very important. Early recognition is important to reduce both maternal and fetal morbidity. We present a case of IH resistant to corticosteroid therapy in a 27‐year‐old pregnant woman where the pregnancy was terminated by the induction of labor.
Part‐Time Employment—Boon to Women but Bane to Men? New Insights on Employer‐Provided Training
Authors: Backes‐Gellner Uschi , Oswald Yvonne , Tuor Sartore Simone 
Published: October 2014

SummaryAlthough previous literature has found substantial differences between female and male workers in almost all labor market outcomes, the question of whether training participation differs between female and male part‐time workers has been neglected. This article provides a novel examination of whether the part‐time training gap is gender‐dependent. Using a Swiss dataset, we find that men engaged in part‐time employment suffer from a serious training disadvantage in comparison to men working full‐time and that this effect is not found for women. Thus, in countries where part‐time participation levels differ significantly between men and women, part‐time employment is a “bane” to men but not to women. Women, however, “pay the price” merely by virtue of being female.
Does Aid Promote Donor Exports? Commercial Interest versus Instrumental Philanthropy
Authors: Martínez‐Zarzoso Inmaculada , Nowak‐Lehmann Felicitas , Parra M. D. , Klasen Stephan 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThis paper investigates by means of advanced panel data techniques whether bilateral aid has been successful in promoting bilateral exports to recipient countries during the period 1988–2007 and to what extent changes in aid policies have influenced this relationship. The main novelty of this research is the distinction between tied and untied aid in a multi‐donor gravity model of trade and the comparison between trade and aid policies in this setting. We find an average positive effect of bilateral aid on exports, which varies over time and across donors and which appears to depend on the extent to which donors tied aid to exports. The effect does appear to have decreased substantially over the period studied and it is even not statistically significant in the 2000s, which could suggest that the recommendations given by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) concerning the untying of aid and aid allocation have been followed by the donors and led to declining impacts on their exports. Interestingly, these decreasing aid‐elasticities are accompanied by increasing coefficients of the regional trade agreement variable, which is positive and statistically significant after 1994. Finally, we find that the strength of the relationship between exports and bilateral aid is correlated with the extent to which aid is tied and partially related to the sectoral allocation of aid.
Hybridization and mitochondrial genome introgression betweenRana chensinensisandR. kukunoris
Authors: Qi Yin , Lu Bin , Gao Haiyan , Hu Ping , Fu Jinzhong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMitochondrial genome (mito‐genome) introgression among metazoans is commonplace, and several biological processes may promote such introgression. We examined two proposed processes for the mito‐genome introgression betweenRana chensinensisandR. kukunoris: natural hybridization and sex‐biased dispersal. We sampled 477 individuals from 28 sites in the potential hybrid zone in the western Tsinling Mountains. Mitochondrial gene (cyt‐b) trees were used to examine the introgression events. MicrosatelliteDNAloci,cyt‐band morphological data were used to identify hybrids and to examine the extent of natural hybridization. We detected rampant bidirectional introgressions, both ancient and recent, between the two species. Furthermore, we found a wide hybrid zone, and frequent and asymmetric hybridization. The hybrid zone cline analysis revealed a clear mitochondrial–nuclear discordance; while most nuclear markers displayed similar and steep clines,cyt‐bhad a displaced cline centre and a more gradual and wider cline. We also detected strong and asymmetric historical maternal gene flow across the hybrid zone. This widespread hybridization and detected low mito‐nuclear conflicts may, at least partially, explain the high frequency of introgression. Lastly, microsatellite data and population genetic methods were used to assess sex‐biased dispersal. A weak pattern of female‐biased dispersal was detected in both species, suggesting it may not play an important role in the observed introgression. Our data are consistent with the hybridization hypothesis, but support for the sex‐biased dispersal hypothesis is weak. We further suggest that selective advantages of theR. kukunoris‐type mito‐genome in thermal adaptation may also contribute to the introgression between the two species.
Inactivation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum urease gene using transcription activator‐like effector nuclease‐based targeted mutagenesis
Authors: Weyman Philip D. , Beeri Karen , Lefebvre Stephane C. , Rivera Josefa , McCarthy James K. , Heuberger Adam L. , Peers Graham , Allen Andrew E. , Dupont Christopher L. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryDiatoms are unicellular photosynthetic algae with promise for green production of fuels and other chemicals. Recent genome‐editing techniques have greatly improved the potential of many eukaryotic genetic systems, including diatoms, to enable knowledge‐based studies and bioengineering. Using a new technique, transcription activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs), the gene encoding the urease enzyme in the model diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, was targeted for interruption. The knockout cassette was identified within the urease gene by PCR and Southern blot analyses of genomic DNA. The lack of urease protein was confirmed by Western blot analyses in mutant cell lines that were unable to grow on urea as the sole nitrogen source. Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed a build‐up of urea, arginine and ornithine in the urease knockout lines. All three intermediate metabolites are upstream of the urease reaction within the urea cycle, suggesting a disruption of the cycle despite urea production. Numerous high carbon metabolites were enriched in the mutant, implying a breakdown of cellular C and N repartitioning. The presented method improves the molecular toolkit for diatoms and clarifies the role of urease in the urea cycle.
Level of plasma thioredoxin in male patients with manic episode at initial and post‐electroconvulsive or antipsychotic treatment
Authors: Genc Abdullah , Kalelioglu Tevfik , Karamustafalioglu Nesrin , Tasdemir Akif , Gungor Ferda Can , Genc Esra Sena , Incir Said , Ilnem Cem , Emul Murat 
Published: October 2014

AimOxidative stress is defined as exposure to excessive oxidants and/or decrease in antioxidant capacity. Several studies have shown the effects of free radicals and antioxidant defense systems in bipolar disorder. We aimed to investigate the role of thioredoxin (TRX), which is a novel oxidative stress marker in patients with bipolar disorder.MethodsSixty‐eight hospitalized bipolar patients who were in manic episode were included in the study. As a control group, 30 healthy people were elected. Two groups were formed. The first group consisted of patients who were undergoing electroconvulsive treatment + antipsychotic treatment (haloperidol+quetiapine) and members of the other group were taking only antipsychotic treatment. Plasma thioredoxin levels were measured before and after treatment.ResultsPretreatment plasma TRX levels of patients were significantly lower than the controls (P < 0.05). Comparing pre‐ and post‐treatment plasma TRX levels of all patients, post‐treatment plasma TRX levels were significantly lower than the pre‐treatment plasma TRX levels (P < 0.05). When we compared TRX levels between the electroconvulsive treatment + antipsychotic treatment group and the antipsychotic treatment group (P > 0.05) and within groups (P > 0.05) we did not find any statistically significant difference.ConclusionOxidative balance is impaired in bipolar disorder manic episode in favor of the oxidants. Decreased plasma TRX levels in the manic episode probably mean that antioxidant capacity is decreased in the bipolar disorder patients in the manic episode. Further studies in euthymic and depressive states are also needed to gain more insight into the role of TRX in bipolar disorder.
Effects of multiple mating on the fecundity of an invasive pest (Octodonta nipae): the existence of an intermediate optimal female mating rate
Authors: Li Jinlei , Zhang Xiang , Hou Youming , Tang Baozhen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMultiple mating is found in many insect taxa where both of the sexes can mate more than once. For males, this leads to the advantage of increasing their paternity by fertilizing more females. However, there is a trade‐off of resource allocation between reproduction and other life‐history characters. In the present study, the impact of increased mating rate on reproductive fitness of the invasive nipa palm hispid beetle Octodonta nipae Maulik (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is investigated. A series of mating frequencies (i.e. 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 times) is selected from video frame playback, ranking from the minimum to maximum mating rate observed under laboratory conditions over a given time period. Fecundity parameters such as lifetime egg production, egg‐hatching rate, effective oviposition period and longevity are investigated for the evaluation of reproductive efficiency. For female O. nipae, increased fecundity is correlated with the mating frequency. Females mating 15 times lay the largest number of eggs (138.82 ± 6.87) and have a hatching rate of 47.43 ± 4.08%. After mating 20 times, females suffer significant declines in oviposition (90.31 ± 8.38 eggs) and egg‐hatching rate (34.16 ± 4.93%). Moreover, the population growth rate reaches a maximum in the females that mate 15 times. The results show that multiple matings in O. nipae have an intermediate optimal range within which female reproductive success is enhanced, providing empirical evidence for the existence of a trade‐off between costs and benefits during copulation based on resource allocation.
Internet Governance: Territorializing Cyberspace?
Authors: Glen Carol M. 
Published: October 2014

Internet governance evolved in an ad hoc manner and produced a decentralized, regulatory environment that has been shaped by a myriad of public and private organizations. The decentralized nature of this form of Internet governance is now being challenged. New technical, security, and privacy issues have raised political questions concerning whether such loose regulatory coordination can adapt quickly enough to twenty‐first‐century challenges. Such doubts go well beyond the technical; they reflect profound questions about who should control the Internet. This article examines the issue of Internet governance in light of recent challenges. Discussion is centered on assessing efforts to replace the current decentralized, multistakeholder governance model with a centralized, multilateral model. Trends are examined with reference to efforts by some member states of the International Telecommunication Union to strengthen the role of governments in Internet regulation, especially during negotiations at the 2012 World Conference on International Telecommunications.Related ArticlesWalsh, James I. 2008. “.” Politics & Policy 33 (): 642‐670. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2005.tb00217.x/abstract
Turner, Scott. 1997. “.” Southeastern Political Review 25 (): 303‐324. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.1997.tb00841.x/abstract
Fisher, Bonnie, Michael Margolis, and David Resnick. 1996. “.” Southeastern Political Review 24 (): 399‐429. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.1996.tb00088.x/abstractRelated MediaFilm Clips: . 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veqNnfknxbI
. 2008. . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EawWtV32ZLA
. 2014. . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdzM0KCIJpY