bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pesticides in Mississippi air and rain: A comparison between 1995 and 2007
Authors: Majewski Michael S. , Coupe Richard H. , Foreman William T. , Capel Paul D. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

A variety of current-use pesticides were determined in weekly composite air and rain samples collected during the 1995 and 2007 growing seasons in the Mississippi Delta (MS, USA) agricultural region. Similar sampling and analytical methods allowed for direct comparison of results. Decreased overall pesticide use in 2007 relative to 1995 generally resulted in decreased detection frequencies in air and rain; observed concentration ranges were similar between years, however, even though the 1995 sampling site was 500 m from active fields whereas the 2007 sampling site was within 3 m of a field. Mean concentrations of detections were sometimes greater in 2007 than in 1995, but the median values were often lower. Seven compounds in 1995 and 5 in 2007 were detected in ≥50% of both air and rain samples. Atrazine, metolachlor, and propanil were detected in ≥50% of the air and rain samples in both years. Glyphosate and its degradation product, aminomethyl-phosphonic acid (AMPA), were detected in ≥75% of air and rain samples in 2007 but were not measured in 1995. The 1995 seasonal wet depositional flux was dominated by methyl parathion (88%) and was &gt;4.5 times the 2007 flux. Total herbicide flux in 2007 was slightly greater than in 1995 and was dominated by glyphosate. Malathion, methyl parathion, and degradation products made up most of the 2007 nonherbicide flux. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1283–1293. © 2014 SETAC
The disconnect between evidence and practice: a systematic review of person‐centred interventions and training manuals for care home staff working with people with dementia
Authors: Fossey Jane , Masson Sarah , Stafford Jane , Lawrence Vanessa , Corbett Anne , Ballard Clive 
Published: February 2014

ObjectiveThe overall objective is to determine the availability of person‐centred intervention and training manuals for dementia care staff with clinical trial evidence of efficacy.DesignInterventions were identified using a search of electronic databases, augmented by mainstream search engines, reference lists, hand searching for resources and consultation with an expert panel. The specific search for published manuals was complemented by a search for randomised control trials focussing on training and activity‐based interventions for people with dementia in care homes. Manuals were screened for eligibility and rated to assess their quality, relevance and feasibility.ResultsA meta‐analysis of randomised control trials indicated that person‐centred training interventions conferred significant benefit in improving agitation and reducing the use of antipsychotics. Each of the efficacious packages included a sustained period of joint working and supervision with a trained mental health professional in addition to an educational element. However, of the 170 manuals that were identified, 30 met the quality criteria and only four had been evaluated in clinical trials.ConclusionsDespite the availability of a small number of evidence‐based training manuals, there is a widespread use of person‐centred intervention and training manuals that are not evidence‐based. Clearer guidance is needed to ensure that commissioned training and interventions are based on robust evidence. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for older adults with worry symptoms and co‐occurring cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Lenze Eric J. , Hickman Steven , Hershey Tamara , Wendleton Leah , Ly Khanh , Dixon David , Doré Peter , Wetherell Julie Loebach 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundMindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) has the potential to reduce worry and improve cognitive functioning.ObjectivesIn this treatment development project, we examined MBSR in older adults with worry symptoms and co‐occurring cognitive dysfunction. We examined (i) acceptability of MBSR, (ii) whether MBSR needs to be lengthened providing more repetition, (iii) MBSR's benefits for worry reduction and cognitive improvements, and (iv) continued use of MBSR techniques during follow‐up.MethodsTwo sites (St. Louis and San Diego) enrolled individuals aged 65 years or older with significant anxiety‐related distress plus subjective cognitive dysfunction, into traditional 8‐session MBSR groups and 12‐session groups that had the same content but more repetition of topics and techniques. We examined measures of mindfulness, worry, and a neuropsychological battery focused on memory and executive function before and after the MBSR program, and we followed up participants for 6 months after the completion of MBSR regarding their continued use of its techniques.ResultsParticipants (N = 34) showed improvements in worry severity, increases in mindfulness, and improvements in memory as measured by paragraph learning and recall after a delay, all with a large effect size. Most participants continued to use MBSR techniques for 6 months post‐instruction and found them helpful in stressful situations. There was no evidence that the extended 12‐week MBSR produced superior cognitive or clinical outcomes, greater satisfaction, or greater continuation of MBSR techniques than 8‐week MBSR.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings are promising for the further testing and use of MBSR in older adults suffering from clinical worry symptoms and co‐occurring cognitive dysfunction. These are common problems in a broad range of older adults, many of whom have anxiety and mood disorders; therefore, stress reduction intervention for them may have great public health value. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lenalidomide for myelodysplastic syndromes with del(5q): how long should it last?
Authors: Vozella Federico , Latagliata Roberto , Carmosino Ida , Volpicelli Paola , Montagna Chiara , Romano Angela , Roberto Amanda , Finsinger Paola , Mancini Marco , Breccia Massimo , Oliva Esther , Alimena Giuliana 
Published: February 2014

AbstractLenalidomide induces in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and del(5q) erythroid and cytogenetic response rates as high as 75% and 50%, respectively. It is still unclear, however, how long lenalidomide treatment should be continued and whether or not the drug could be interrupted. To assess the feasibility of lenalidomide discontinuation, we revised a cohort of 16 low‐risk MDS patients with del(5q) treated at our institute in a phase II multicentric Italian study. Among the 12 responding patients, four discontinued lenalidomide while in complete response. All four patients needed during treatment a permanent lenalidomide reduction from 10 to 5 mg/day because of haematological toxicity (three patients) or grade 3 muscular and bone pain (one patient). At lenalidomide discontinuation after 16, 20, 27 and 20 months from the start, respectively, all four patients were in complete hematologic response and three forth in complete cytogenetic response. Three patients are still in response after 36, 30 and 20 months from lenalidomide discontinuation, respectively: The remaining patient relapsed after 20 months, and she is now receiving a new course of lenalidomide. In conclusion, long‐lasting remissions are achievable in MDS patients with del(5q) in complete response after lenalidomide discontinuation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytoprotective Effect of Eckol Against Oxidative Stress‐Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Involvement of the FoxO3a/AMPK Pathway
Authors: Kim Areum Daseul , Kang Kyoung Ah , Piao Mei Jing , Kim Ki Cheon , Zheng Jian , Yao Cheng Wen , Cha Ji Won , Hyun Chang Lim , Kang Hee Kyoung , Lee Nam Ho , Hyun Jin Won 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the cytoprotective effect of Ecklonia cava‐derived eckol against H2O2‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction in Chang liver cells. While H2O2 augmented levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), eckol decreased it. Eckol also attenuated high intracellular Ca2+ levels stimulated by H2O2 and recovered H2O2‐diminished ATP levels and succinate dehydrogenase activity. Eckol time‐dependently increased the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme with cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress. Eckol recovered Mn SOD expression and activity that were decreased by H2O2. Finally, eckol induced Mn SOD through phosphorylated AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a). Specific silencing RNAs (siRNAs) against FoxO3a and AMPK reduced eckol‐stimulated Mn SOD expression, and diethyldithiocarbamate (Mn SOD inhibitor) and siRNA against Mn SOD reduced the cytoprotective effect of eckol against H2O2‐provoked cell death. These results demonstrate that eckol protects cells from mitochondrial oxidative stress by activating AMPK/FoxO3a‐mediated induction of Mn SOD. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1403–1411, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preoperative diagnosis and surgical management for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas
Authors: Hosokawa Isamu , Shimizu Hiroaki , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Kato Atsushi , Yoshitomi Hideyuki , Furukawa Katsunori , Takayashiki Tsukasa , Ishihara Takeshi , Yokosuka Osamu , Miyazaki Masaru 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPN) remains difficult and optimal surgical management for SPN has yet to be fully defined.MethodsRetrospective analysis was undertaken of all 10 patients (six women, four men) who underwent surgery for SPN between 2001 and 2013.ResultsMean age was 26 years (range, 16–33 years) for women, and 50 years (range, 35–76 years) for men. Although large SPN showed typical imaging findings, small SPN (≤3.0 cm) appears as almost entirely solid tumors. Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) was performed in six patients with atypical findings of SPN for differentiation from other pancreatic neoplasms. Definitive preoperative cytological diagnosis was achieved in all patients who underwent EUS‐FNA. All 10 patients underwent surgical exploration. One patient with portal vein invasion and multiple lung metastases underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with portal vein resection and reconstruction, followed by two pulmonary resections. This patient remains alive as of 34 months after the initial operation.ConclusionsEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration is useful for definitive preoperative diagnosis of SPN. As long‐term survival after surgical resection can be achieved even in patients with locally advanced and metastatic SPN, aggressive surgical resection should be performed.
Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of New Functional Polymers through Multicomponent Systems
Authors: Wang Shiqi , Fu Changkui , Wei Yen , Tao Lei 
Published: February 2014

The synthesis of polymers with various functional groups has always been the core of polymer chemistry. Traditionally, there are two approaches to prepare such polymers: i) preparing functional monomers first and then conducting polymerization to get target functional polymers; and ii) post‐modification of a precursor polymer. Both methods unavoidably involve separation and purification of intermediate products, which is laborious and time‐consuming. A one‐pot synthesis strategy, which combines monomer preparation and controlled polymerization in just one reactor to generate well‐defined polymers efficiently, is thus proposed. Recent advances in the one‐pot synthesis of multifunctional polymers through a multicomponent system are provided in this article.
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Hexagonal undersampling for faster MRI near metallic implants
Authors: Sveinsson Bragi , Worters Pauline W. , Gold Garry E. , Hargreaves Brian A. 
Published: February 2014

PurposeSlice encoding for metal artifact correction acquires a three‐dimensional image of each excited slice with view‐angle tilting to reduce slice and readout direction artifacts respectively, but requires additional imaging time. The purpose of this study was to provide a technique for faster imaging around metallic implants by undersampling k‐space.MethodsAssuming that areas of slice distortion are localized, hexagonal sampling can reduce imaging time by 50% compared with conventional scans. This work demonstrates this technique by comparisons of fully sampled images with undersampled images, either from simulations from fully acquired data or from data actually undersampled during acquisition, in patients and phantoms. Hexagonal sampling is also shown to be compatible with parallel imaging and partial Fourier acquisitions. Image quality was evaluated using a structural similarity (SSIM) index.ResultsImages acquired with hexagonal undersampling had no visible difference in artifact suppression from fully sampled images. The SSIM index indicated high similarity to fully sampled images in all cases.ConclusionThe study demonstrates the ability to reduce scan time by undersampling without compromising image quality. Magn Reson Med 73:662–668, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electronic clinical laboratory test results data tables: lessons from Mini‐Sentinel
Authors: Raebel Marsha A. , Haynes Kevin , Woodworth Tiffany S. , Saylor Gwyn , Cavagnaro Elizabeth , Coughlin Kara O. , Curtis Lesley H. , Weiner Mark G. , Archdeacon Patrick , Brown Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTPurposeDeveloping electronic clinical data into a common data model posed substantial challenges unique from those encountered with administrative data. We present here the design, implementation, and use of the Mini‐Sentinel Distributed Database laboratory results table (LRT).MethodsWe developed the LRT and guided Mini‐Sentinel data partners (DPs) in populating it from their source data. Data sources included electronic health records and internal and contracted clinical laboratory systems databases. We employed the Logical Observation Identifiers, Names, and Codes (LOINC®) results reporting standards. We evaluated transformed results data using data checks and an iterative, ongoing characterization and harmonization process.ResultsKey LRT variables included test name, subcategory, specimen source, LOINC, patient location, specimen date and time, result unit, and unique person identifier. Selected blood and urine chemistry, hematology, coagulation, and influenza tests were included. Twelve DPs with outpatient test results participated; four also contributed inpatient test results. As of September 2013, the LRT included 385,516,239 laboratory test results; data are refreshed at least quarterly. LOINC availability and use varied across DP. Multiple data quality and content issues were identified and addressed.ConclusionDeveloping the LRT brought together disparate data sources with no common coding structure. Clinical laboratory test results obtained during routine healthcare delivery are neither uniformly coded nor documented in a standardized manner. Applying a systematic approach with data harmonization efforts and ongoing oversight and management is necessary for a clinical laboratory results data table to remain valid and useful. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing Bunyavirus N protein oligomerisation using mass spectrometry
Authors: Shepherd Dale A. , Ariza Antonio , Edwards Thomas A. , Barr John N. , Stonehouse Nicola J. , Ashcroft Alison E 
Published: February 2014

RATIONALEBunyaviruses have become a major threat to both humans and livestock in Europe and the Americas. The nucleocapsid (N) protein of these viruses is key to the replication cycle and knowledge of the N oligomerisation state is central to understanding the viral lifecycle and for development of therapeutic strategies.METHODSBunyamwera virus and Schmallenberg virus N proteins (BUNV‐N and SBV‐N) were expressed recombinantly in E. coli as hexahistidine‐SUMO‐tagged fusions, and the tag removed subsequently. Noncovalent nano‐electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry was conducted in the presence and absence of short RNA oligonucleotides. Instrumental conditions were optimised for the transmission of intact protein complexes into the gas phase. The resulting protein‐protein and protein‐RNA complexes were identified and their stoichiometries verified by their mass. Collision‐induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry was used in cases of ambiguity.RESULTSBoth BUNV‐N and SBV‐N proteins reassembled into N‐RNA complexes in the presence of RNA; however, SBV‐N formed a wider range of complexes with varying oligomeric states. The N:RNA oligomers observed were consistent with a model of assembly via stepwise addition of N proteins. Furthermore, upon mixing the two proteins in the presence of RNA no heteromeric complexes were observed, thus revealing insights into the specificity of oligomerisation.CONCLUSIONSNoncovalent mass spectrometry has provided the first detailed analysis of the co‐populated oligomeric species formed by these important viral proteins and revealed insights into their assembly pathways. Using this technique has also enabled comparisons to be made between the two N proteins. © 2014 The Authors. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
High‐speed parallel implementations of the rainbow method based on perfect tables in a heterogeneous system
Authors: Kim Jung Woo , Seo Jungjoo , Hong Jin , Park Kunsoo , Kim Sung‐Ryul 
Published: February 2014

SummaryThe computing power of graphics processing units (GPU) has increased rapidly, and there has been extensive research on general‐purpose computing on GPU (GPGPU) for cryptographic algorithms such as RSA, Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC), NTRU, and Advanced Encryption Standard. With the rise of GPGPU, commodity computers have become complex heterogeneous GPU+CPU systems. This new architecture poses new challenges and opportunities in high‐performance computing. In this paper, we present high‐speed parallel implementations of the rainbow method based on perfect tables, which is known as the most efficient time‐memory trade‐off, in the heterogeneous GPU+CPU system. We give a complete analysis of the effect of multiple checkpoints on reducing the cost of false alarms and take advantage of it for load balancing between GPU and CPU. For GTX460, our implementation is about 1.86 and 3.25 times faster than other GPU‐accelerated implementations, RainbowCrack and Cryptohaze, respectively, and for GTX580, 1.53 and 2.40 times faster. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recovery of cellulase activity after ethanol stripping in a novel pilot-scale unit
Authors: Skovgaard Pernille Anastasia , Christensen Børge Holm , Felby Claus , Jørgensen Henning 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Recycling of enzymes has a potential interest during cellulosic bioethanol production as purchasing enzymes is one of the largest expenses in the process. By recycling enzymes after distillation, loss of sugars and ethanol are avoided, but depending on the distillation temperature, there is a potential risk of enzyme degradation. Studies of the rate of enzyme denaturation based on estimation of the denaturation constant K D was performed using a novel distillation setup allowing stripping of ethanol at 50–65 °C. Experiments were performed in a pilot-scale stripper, where the effect of temperature (55–65 °C) and exposure to gas–liquid and liquid–heat transmission interfaces were tested on a mesophilic and thermostable enzyme mixture in fiber beer and buffer. Lab-scale tests were included in addition to the pilot-scale experiments to study the effect of shear, ethanol concentration, and PEG on enzyme stability. When increasing the temperature (up to 65 °C) or ethanol content (up to 7.5 % w/v), the denaturation rate of the enzymes increased. Enzyme denaturation occurred slower when the experiments were performed in fiber beer compared to buffer only, which could be due to PEG or other stabilizing substances in fiber beer. However, at extreme conditions with high temperature (65 °C) and ethanol content (7.5 % w/v), PEG had no enzyme stabilizing effect. The novel distillation setup proved to be useful for maintaining enzyme activity during ethanol extraction.
Constant high adrenal FDG uptake in PET/CT associated with mitochondrial disease
Authors: Martikainen Mika H. , Hohenthal Ulla , Pirilä Laura , Kemppainen Jukka 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe describe a patient with the m.3243A>G mitochondrial DNA mutation who developed sepsis caused by Streptococcus constellatus. In the acute phase of illness, abnormally high uptake of 18F‐FDG was observed in both adrenal glands that appeared anatomically normal. In repeated imaging six months later the adrenal uptake had diminished but remained clearly elevated. We did not observe high adrenal FDG uptake as in the patient described here among 30 patients with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis that were investigated with identical imaging protocol. In sepsis, oxygen consumption and metabolic rate are increased compared to normal metabolism. The observed high adrenal FDG uptake during sepsis in this patient probably reflects the acute metabolic stress induced by the infection. Interestingly, in repeated imaging six months later, the adrenal SUVs had diminished but were still abnormally high: this suggests constant high levels of metabolic stress associated with the mitochondrial disorder.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction, Fatty Acid Composition, Oxidative Stability, and Antioxidant Effect of Torreya grandis Seed Oil
Authors: Dong Didi , Wang Hongfei , Xu Feng , Xu Chao , Shao Xingfeng , Li Hesheng 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTorreya grandis seed oil (TGSO) extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide was explored from the extraction conditions, fatty acid composition, its oxidative stability and antioxidant activity in a bench‐scale apparatus. An L9(34) orthogonal design was applied to optimize extraction parameters. The results demonstrated that the maximum yield of 94.57 % was obtained at 45 MPa, 4 h and 50 °C. There were 18 kinds of compounds found within TGSO; the predominant ingredient was linoleic acid (42.02 %), followed by oleic acid (32.14 %) and dihomo‐γ‐linolenic acid (9.80 %). The IC50 values for 1,6‐bis(diphenylphosphino) hexane radical (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (HO•) and superoxide radical (O2·−) were 5.61, 3.16 and 4.20 mg/mL, respectively.
USING MODEL-INDEPENDENT LOWER BOUNDS TO IMPROVE PRICING OF ASIAN STYLE OPTIONS IN LÉVY MARKETS
Authors: Deelstra Griselda , Rayée Grégory , Vanduffel Steven , Yao Jing 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAlbrecheret al. (Albrecher, H., Mayer Ph., Schoutens, W. (2008) General lower bounds for arithmetic Asian option prices.Applied Mathematical Finance,15, 123–149) have proposed model-independent lower bounds for arithmetic Asian options. In this paper we provide an alternative and more elementary derivation of their results. We use the bounds as control variates to develop a simple Monte Carlo method for pricing contracts with Asian-style features. The conditioning idea that is inherent in our approach also inspires us to propose a new semi-analytic pricing approach. We compare both approaches and conclude that these both have their merits and are useful in practice. In particular, we point out that our newly proposed Monte Carlo method allows to deal with Asian-style products that appear in insurance (e.g., unit-linked contracts) in a very efficient way, and outperforms other known Monte Carlo methods that are based on control variates.