bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Total Meniscus Reconstruction Using a Novel Fiber-Reinforced Scaffold
Authors: Merriam Aaron R. , Patel Jay M. , Culp Brian M. , Gatt Charles J. , Dunn Michael G. 
Published: August 2015

Background: Meniscus injuries in the United States result in an estimated 850,000 surgical procedures each year. Although meniscectomies are the most commonly performed orthopaedic surgery, little advancement has been made in meniscus replacement and regeneration, and there is currently no total meniscus replacement device approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Hypothesis: A novel fiber-reinforced meniscus scaffold can be used as a functional total meniscus replacement. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A tyrosine-derived, polymer fiber–reinforced collagen sponge meniscus scaffold was evaluated mechanically (tensile and compressive testing) and histologically after 16 and 32 weeks of implantation in an ovine total meniscectomy model (N = 20; 16 implants plus 4 meniscectomies, divided equally over the 2 time periods). The extent of cartilage damage was also measured on tibial plateaus by use of toluidine blue surface staining and on femoral condyles by use of Mankin scores on histological slides. Results: Scaffolds induced formation of neomeniscus tissue that remained intact and functional, with breaking loads approximating 250 N at both 16 and 32 weeks compared with 552 N for native menisci. Tensile stiffness values (99 and 74 N/mm at 16 and 32 weeks, respectively) were also comparable with those of the native meniscus (147 N/mm). The compressive modulus of the neomeniscus tissue (0.33 MPa at both 16 and 32 weeks) was significantly increased compared with unimplanted (time 0) scaffolds (0.15 MPa). There was histological evidence of extensive tissue ingrowth and extracellular matrix deposition, with immunohistochemical evidence of types I and II collagen. Based on significantly decreased surface damage scores as well as Mankin scores, the scaffold implants provided greater protection of articular cartilage compared with the untreated total meniscectomy. Conclusion: This novel fiber-reinforced meniscus scaffold can act as a functional meniscus replacement, with mechanical properties similar to those of the native meniscus, while protecting the articular cartilage of the knee from the extensive damage after a total meniscectomy. Clinical Relevance: This meniscus replacement scaffold has the potential to improve surgical treatment and provide better long-term outcomes for those suffering from severe meniscus damage.
ArthroBroström Lateral Ankle Stabilization Technique
Authors: Acevedo Jorge I. , Ortiz Cristian , Golano Pau , Nery Caio 
Published: August 2015

Background: Arthroscopic ankle lateral ligament repair techniques have recently been developed and biomechanically as well as clinically validated. Although there has been 1 anatomic study relating suture and anchor proximity to anatomic structures, none has evaluated the ArthroBroström procedure. Purpose: To evaluate the proximity of anatomic structures for the ArthroBroström lateral ankle ligament stabilization technique and to define ideal landmarks and “safe zones” for this repair. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten human cadaveric ankle specimens (5 matched pairs) were screened for the study. All specimens underwent arthroscopic lateral ligament repair according to the previously described ArthroBroström technique with 2 suture anchors in the fibula. Three cadaveric specimens were used to test the protocol, and 7 were dissected to determine the proximity of anatomic structures. Several distances were measured, including those of different anatomic structures to the suture knots, to determine the “safe zones.” Measurements were obtained by 2 separate observers, and statistical analysis was performed. Results: None of the specimens revealed entrapment by either of the suture knots of the critical anatomic structures, including the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN), sural nerve, peroneus tertius tendon, peroneus brevis tendon, or peroneus longus tendon. The internervous safe zone between the intermediate branch of the SPN and sural nerve was a mean of 51 mm (range, 39-64 mm). The intertendinous safe zone between the peroneus tertius and peroneus brevis was a mean of 43 mm (range, 37-49 mm). On average, a 20-mm (range, 8-36 mm) safe distance was maintained from the most medial suture to the intermediate branch of the SPN. The amount of inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) grasped by either suture knot varied from 0 to 12 mm, with 86% of repairs including the retinaculum. Conclusion: The results indicate that there is a relatively wide internervous and intertendinous safe zone when performing the ArthroBroström technique for lateral ankle stabilization. While none of the critical anatomic structures was entrapped by the suture knots, it was evident that the IER was included in a majority of the repairs. This study further defines the proximity of adjacent anatomic structures and establishes the anatomic safe zones for the ArthroBroström lateral ankle stabilization procedure. Clinical Relevance: By defining this relatively risk-free zone, surgeons who are not as experienced with arthroscopic lateral ligament repair techniques may approach arthroscopic suture passage with more confidence.
Economic Value Added and Shareholder Wealth - An empirical study of relationship
Authors: Banerjee Ashok 
Published: August 2015

The present study attempts to explore the supremacy of EVA over other variables in explaining the stock price performance. Five independent variables (Earning Per Share, Adjusted Return on Net Worth, Capital Productivity, Labour Productivity and Economic Value Added) are chosen to establish the relationship between shareholder wealth and financial variables. Market Value Added (MVA), which is a measure of shareholder wealth, is considered as the dependent variable. The above hypothesis is tested on the time series data. Nine industries are chosen for this purpose viz., Automobile, Cement, Cotton and Blended Yarn, Diversified, Drugs & Pharmaceuticals, Finished Steel, Paper, Tea and Coffee and Tyre.
Studies on the profile of IMT's Distance Learning Students
Authors: Uberoi N.K. 
Published: August 2015

Studies on the profile of Distance Learning Students carried out at IMT indicate that initially the students develop a high level of motivation. The motivation wanes with time. The same is true for confidence building. It is suggested that in order to sustain high levels of motivation and confidence, it is essential to have an idea about the difficulties of students. Another finding of the present study is enhancement of managerial skills. Factors determining this finding need to be analysed further. The study also revealed that there is no gender difference in respect of motivation, confidence building and acquisition of skills.
Basement Membrane-Based Glucose Sensor Coatings Enhance Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Vivo
Authors: Klueh Ulrike , Qiao Yi , Czajkowski Caroline , Ludzinska Izabela , Antar Omar , Kreutzer Donald L. 
Published: August 2015

Background: Implantable glucose sensors demonstrate a rapid decline in function that is likely due to biofouling of the sensor. Previous efforts directed at overcoming this issue has generally focused on the use of synthetic polymer coatings, with little apparent effect in vivo, clearly a novel approach is required. We believe that the key to extending sensor life span in vivo is the development of biocompatible basement membrane (BM) based bio-hydrogels as coatings for glucose sensors. Method: BM based bio-hydrogel sensor coatings were developed using purified BM preparations (ie, Cultrex from Trevigen Inc). Modified Abbott sensors were coated with Cultrex BM extracts. Sensor performance was evaluated for the impact of these coatings in vitro and in vivo in a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) mouse model. In vivo sensor function was assessed over a 28-day time period expressed as mean absolute relative difference (MARD) values. Tissue reactivity of both Cultrex coated and uncoated glucose sensors was evaluated at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post–sensor implantation with standard histological techniques. Results: The data demonstrate that Cultrex-based sensor coatings had no effect on glucose sensor function in vitro. In vivo glucose sensor performance was enhanced following BM coating as determined by MARD analysis, particularly in weeks 2 and 3. In vivo studies also demonstrated that Cultrex coatings significantly decreased sensor-induced tissue reactions at the sensor implantation sites. Conclusion: Basement-membrane-based sensor coatings enhance glucose sensor function in vivo, by minimizing or preventing sensor-induced tissues reactions.
Anterior communicating artery aneurysm: Accuracy of CT angiography in determination of inflow dominance
Authors: Ahmed Osama , Zhang Shihao , Brown Benjamin L , Toms Jaime , Gonzalez-Toledo Eduardo , Guthikonda Bharat , Cuellar Hugo 
Published: August 2015

Background Preoperative assessment of anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aneurysms with cerebral angiography is common, but not without risk. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a widely available imaging modality that provides quick acquisition, low morbidity, and low cost. One disadvantage is that it does not provide dynamic information. In this study, the authors sought to determine whether CTA alone can reliably predict the inflow dominance to an AcoA aneurysm. Methods Eighty-three patients with ruptured AcoA aneurysms were reviewed retrospectively. Only those patients with both preoperative CTA and cerebral angiogram were included, thus excluding six patients. Four independent observers reviewed the CTAs and attempted to identify the dominant A1. Additionally, three mathematical models were created to identify the dominant A1. These responses were compared to cerebral angiograms. Results Four observers were correct in judging the dominant A1 an average of 93% of the time. Seventeen cases were read incorrectly by only one of four observers, and three cases were read incorrectly by two observers. For cases with incorrect readings, the average percentage difference in A1 sizes was 19.6%. For cases read unanimously correct, the average percentage difference in A1 sizes was 42.7%. Mathematical model #3 correctly evaluated the dominant A1 in 97% of the cases. Conclusions This study found CT angiograms can be reliable in predicting the inflow dominance to the majority of AcoA aneurysms.
MLL leukemia induction by genome editing of human CD34+ hematopoietic cells
Authors: Buechele Corina , Breese Erin H. , Schneidawind Dominik , Lin Chiou-Hong , Jeong Johan , Duque-Afonso Jesus , Wong Stephen H. K. , Smith Kevin S. , Negrin Robert S. , Porteus Matthew , Cleary Michael L. 
Published: August 2015

Key Points
Genome editing of primary human HSPCs generates MLL leukemias that model clinical disease features and molecular pathogenesis.
The relationship between paediatric foot posture and body mass index: do heavier children really have flatter feet?
Authors: Evans Angela Margaret , Karimi Leila 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have found positive correlation between flatfeet and increased body mass in children. One study, utilizing a differing method of foot posture assessment, found the inverse. The purpose of this study was to further explore the relationship between children's foot posture and body mass, utilizing the foot posture index in a large study population, as opposed to the footprint based measures of most previous studies.MethodsData for both foot posture index (FPI) and body mass index (BMI) for healthy children were acquired from five previous studies. The amalgamated dataset comprised observations for both BMI and FPI‐6 in 728 children aged from three to 15 years. Three FPI‐6 scores levels defined the range of flatfeet detected: FPI‐6 ≥ +6; FPI‐6 ≥ +8; FPI‐6 ≥ +10. BMI cut‐points were used to define overweight for each age group.ResultsIn the study population of 728 children, flatfeet (FPI ≥ +6) were found in 290 (40 %) cases and non‐flatfeet in 438 (60 %) cases. FPI ≥ +8 yielded flatfeet in 142 (20 %) cases and FPI ≥ +10 yielded flatfeet in 41 (5 %) cases. Whilst 272 (37 %) children were overweight, only 74 (10.1 %) of the overweight children had flatfeet (FPI ≥ +6), which diminished to 36 (4.9 %) at FPI ≥ +8, and 9 (1.2 %) at FPI ≥ +10.Significant and moderate correlation was found between BMI and age (r = 0.384, p < 0.01). Very weak, but significant, correlation was found between BMI and FPI (r = −0.077, p < 0.05). Significant mean differences between gender and BMI were found (t‐test = 2.56, p < 0.05). There was strong correlation between FPI scores on left and right sides (r = 0.899, p < 0.01).ConclusionsThis study found no association between increased body mass and flatfeet in children, a finding in contrast to that repeatedly concluded by many previous studies. Whilst properties of the FPI and BMI are limiting, these findings question the concern about children's increased body mass as a specific influence on (flatter) foot posture, and also the validity of footprint versus anatomically based foot posture measures.
iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling reveals different protein expression between normal skin and hypertrophic scar tissue
Authors: Tan Jianglin , He Weifeng , Luo Gaoxing , Wu Jun 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
A hypertrophic scar is a unique fibrotic disease that only exists in humans. Despite advances in burn care and rehabilitation, as well as progress in the management during these decades, the hypertrophic scar remains hard to cure following surgical methods and drugs for treatment. In this study, we are looking forward to finding the multitude of possible traumatic mechanisms and the underlying molecular signal ways in the formation of the hypertrophic scar.

Methods
We used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling technology, followed by high-throughput 2D LC-MS/MS, to determine relative quantitative differential proteins between the hypertrophic scar and normal skin tissue.

Results
A total of 3166 proteins were identified with a high confidence (≥95 % confidence). And, a total of 89 proteins were identified as the differential proteins between the hypertrophic scar and normal skin, among which 41 proteins were up-regulated and 48 proteins were down-regulated in the hypertrophic scar. GO-Analysis indicated the up-regulated proteins were involved in extracellular matrix, whereas the down-regulated proteins were involved in dynamic junction and structural molecule activity.

Conclusions
In our study, we demonstrate 89 proteins present differently in the hypertrophic scar compared to normal skin by iTRAQ technology, which might indicate the pathologic process of hypertrophic scar formation and guide us to propose new strategies against the hypertrophic scar.
Perforin-2/Mpeg1 and other pore-forming proteins throughout evolution
Authors: McCormack Ryan , Podack Eckhard R 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Development of the ancient innate immune system required not only a mechanism to recognize foreign organisms from self but also to destroy them. Pore-forming proteins containing the membrane attack complex Perforin domain were one of the first triumphs of an innate immune system needing to eliminate microbes and virally infected cells. Membrane attack complex of complement and Perforin domain proteins is unique from other immune effector molecules in that the mechanism of attack is strictly physical and unspecific. The large water-filled holes created by membrane attack complex of complement and Perforin domain pore formation allow access for additional effectors to complete the destruction of the foreign organism via chemical or enzymatic attack. Perforin-2/macrophage-expressed protein 1 is one of the oldest membrane attack complexes of complement and Perforin domain protein involved in immune defense, and it is still functional today in vertebrates. Here, we trace the impact of Perforin-2/macrophage-expressed protein 1 from the earliest multicellular organisms to modern vertebrates, as well as review the development of other membrane attack complexes of complement and Perforin domain member proteins.
Saturated Five-membered N,B-Heterocyclic Carbene: A Computational Study
Authors: Ghambarian Mehdi , Azizi Zahra , Ghashghaee Mohammad 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A saturated five-membered N,B-heterocyclic carbene was investigated as a new heterocyclic carbene by ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) methods. A compromise between stability and reactivity of this carbene led us to the conclusion that the new carbene is a viable candidate for experimental preparation.
FLORIO, R. Transformaciones del héroe y el viaje heroico en El Peristephanon de Prudencio. Bahía Blanca: Ediuns, 2011. 267 p.
Authors: Tola Eleonora 
Published: August 2015

Resenha de FLORIO, R. Transformaciones del héroe y el viaje heroico en El Peristephanon de Prudencio. Bahía Blanca: Ediuns, 2011. 267 p.
Implications for the biofunctionalization of drug-eluting devices at the example of a site-selective antibody modification for drug eluting stents
Authors: Petersen Svea , Häcker Christiane , Turan Gökmen , Knödler Stefanie , Brodehl Andreas , Drynda Andreas , Kische Stephan , Frerich Bernhard , Birkemeyer Ralf , Ince Hüseyin , Vollmar Brigitte , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Sternberg Katrin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFunctionality of implant surfaces is considerably determined by the conformations of immobilized biomolecules adjustable by the applied surface modification approach. Moreover, surface modification of drug eluting systems often needs to be thoroughly optimized with regard to possible drug losses associated with a loss of functionality. Here, we thoroughly investigate biomolecule surface loading, functionality, morphology and stability in dependence of modification conditions at the example of a site-selective immobilization of anti-CD34 antibodies (CD34-Ab) to drug-eluting stents with the aim of providing general information on the biofunctionalization of drug eluting systems. In this context, we demonstrate that the reaction time of biomolecule immobilization defines achievable surface loads but also drug loss. We could moreover show that the used site-selective immobilization procedure elevated the surface functionality considerably in comparison to surfaces modified by random physisorption. Furthermore investigated bionfunctional stability gives important indications for storage conditions of biofunctionalized implants.
Massive ascites in a patient with preeclampsia
Authors: Stanić Žana , Vulić Marko , Tadin Ivica 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Preeclampsia is a systemic endothelial disorder triggered by many factors originated by the human placenta. The presence of massive ascites (more than 2 L of serous liquid in peritoneal cavity) signifies rare and severe complication of preeclampsia. We present a case of 25-year-old primigravida admitted to hospital due to preeclampsia who immediately after delivery developed a clinical condition similar to hemorrhagic shock, but the explorative laparotomy revealed only massive ascites of 4.5 L serous liquid. We suggest that appearance of massive ascites in women with preeclampsia is the underestimated fact that surprises us frequently. Sometimes, its sudden onset can mimic life-threatening conditions, as happened with our patient. Cautious evaluation of peritoneal fluid quantity in women with preeclampsia could warn the obstetrician about the potential risks that demand more intensive and more frequent maternal and fetal surveillance.
Bioinspired infrared detection using thermoresponsive hydrogel nanoparticles
Authors: Luo Zhen , Chen Jun , Shen Qingchen , He Jiaqing , Shan Hao , Song Chengyi , Tao Peng , Deng Tao , Shang Wen 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The development of high performance uncooled infrared (IR) detection and imaging systems will greatly expand the application of IR technology in broad areas such as transportation, environmental monitoring, and medical care. Inspired by the superior IR detection capability of beetle Melanophila acuminata, we explored the potential use of hydrogel nanoparticles (NPs) in uncooled IR detection system. In the system, the absorption of the incoming IR radiation by the temperature-sensitive hydrogel NPs, together with water, induces the volume change of the hydrogel NPs, similar to the volume change of the biofluid inside the sensillae receptors in M. acuminata caused by the IR radiation. This volume change results in the change of optical readout (transmittance in this study) in visible range and provides the sensitive detection of the IR radiation. In this work, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (poly(NIPAM-co-AAc)) copolymer NPs with different sizes were synthesized and their IR sensing performances were studied in detail. The correlation between the NP size and concentration and the IR sensing property was also discussed in the paper. This work helps enhance the understanding of the response of hydrogel NPs under IR radiation, and offers a potential material system for uncooled IR detection that is inspired by M. acuminata. The direct use of transmittance of the NP solution as the readout for IR detection also provides a simple and sensitive IR detection approach for low cost and portable industrial applications.
Sustaining Civil Peace: A Configurational Comparative Analysis
Authors: Gries Thomas , Palnau Irene 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWhile much work has been devoted to the causes and consequences of civil war, little has been done to explore the prerequisites for civil peace. We shift the focus from the determinants of war to the preconditions to sustain peace, and address the following question: Are there necessary or sufficient conditions for stable civil peace? We use Qualitative Comparative Analysis to approach this question. We do not find necessary conditions for civil peace, but distinct potentially sufficient paths. These are (i) the presence of a fully democratic regime and (ii) the presence of a strongly autocratic regime, with the latter further requiring either a) the absence of a youth bulge and non-miserable living conditions or b) the absence of ethnic tensions. The first type of civil peace is referred to as inherent civil peace whereas the second type is largely a result of strong repression and thus denoted coerced civil peace.
Security Perception after the Completion of UN Peacekeeping in Timor-Leste
Authors: Dorussen Han 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSurveys are a valuable complement to field research and quantitative objective data. A small survey of the perception of security in Timor-Leste following the departure of UN peacekeepers shows most reporting that security has continued to improve. More vulnerable respondents are however more likely to regret the UN exit. Retrospectively the evaluation of the UN is largely positively, but few regret that the mission has completed.
The effect of large area graphene oxide (LAGO) nanosheets on the mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol
Authors: Nawaz Khalid , Ayub Muhammad , Ul-Haq Noaman , Khan M.B. , Khan Niazi Muhammad Bilal , Hussain Arshad 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Large area graphene oxide sheets were synthesized, dispersed in water and used as nanofiller for mechanical improvement in terms of Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at low loading. The molecular level dispersion and interfacial interactions between the graphene oxides and polymeric matrix PVA were the real challenges. An excellent improvement in mechanical properties at 0.35 wt% loading was observed. Modulus improved from 1.58 GPa to 2.72 GPa (~71% improvement), UTS improved from 120 MPa to 197 MPa (~65% improvement), and in spite of these improvements, interestingly, there was no fall in elongation at break at this loading.