bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “Nawrūz King”: the rebellion of Amir Nawrūz in Khurasan (688–694/1289–94) and its implications for the Ilkhan polity at the end of the thirteenth century
Authors: Hope Michael 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn 688/1289 Nawrūz Aqa, a leading Mongol magnate, began a rebellion in Khurasan to resist the Ilkhan Arghun's attempts to centralize power and loosen the Mongol aristocracy's grip on provincial government. The rebellion of Nawrūz was significantly different from any Mongol uprising that had occurred in the Ilkhanate to that date: it was distinguished by the successful fusion of Chinggisid and Islamic traditions of political and spiritual authority to support Nawrūz's challenge against the Hülegüid monarchy. This new hybrid political philosophy allowed Nawrūz to mobilize both the sedentary and nomadic populations of Khurasan to overhaul the power structure of the Ilkhanate. The present study of the early career and rebellion of Amīr Nawrūz will reveal how his movement forced the Turco-Mongolian leadership to reconfigure its political, social and religious relationships, among themselves and with the sedentary Muslim population they ruled.
Effects of target attributes on children's patterns of referential under- and over-specification
Authors: CHAREST MONIQUE , JOHNSTON JUDITH R. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTWe examined the effects of object attributes on children's descriptive patterns in a referential communication task. Thirty preschoolers described object pairs that were selected by the experimenter. The targets were defined by shared size or colour, and differed on the non-target dimension in half of the trials. The children also completed a non-verbal reasoning task with analogous stimuli. They selected objects after observing the experimenter make a choice and inferring the basis for selection. In the communication task, the children produced fewer size than colour descriptions, particularly when the size targets differed in colour. They also over-specified colour features more often than size. They did not show a similar challenge identifying size relationships in the non-verbal task. The results support the conclusion that target attributes have a systematic influence on children's referential performance. Potential mechanisms for these effects, and directions for future research are discussed.
On complex line arrangements and their boundary manifolds
Authors: FLORENS V. , GUERVILLE-BALLÉ B. , MARCO-BUZUNARIZ M.A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLet ${\mathcal A}$ be a line arrangement in the complex projective plane $\mathds{C}\mathds{P}^2$. We define and describe the inclusion map of the boundary manifold, the boundary of a closed regular neighbourhood of ${\mathcal A}$, in the exterior of the arrangement. We obtain two explicit descriptions of the map induced on the fundamental groups. These computations provide a new minimal presentation of the fundamental group of the complement.
A heat trace anomaly on polygons
Authors: MAZZEO RAFE , ROWLETT JULIE 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLet Ω0be a polygon in$\mathbb{R}$2, or more generally a compact surface with piecewise smooth boundary and corners. Suppose that Ωεis a family of surfaces with${\mathcal C}$∞boundary which converges to Ω0smoothly away from the corners, and in a precise way at the vertices to be described in the paper. Fedosov [6], Kac [8] and McKean–Singer [13] recognised that certain heat trace coefficients, in particular the coefficient oft0, are not continuous as ε ↘ 0. We describe this anomaly using renormalized heat invariants of an auxiliary smooth domainZwhich models the corner formation. The result applies to both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. We also include a discussion of what one might expect in higher dimensions.
Hormonal induction of Brycon cephalus (Characiformes, Characidae) to spermiation using D-ala6, pro9net-mGnRH + metoclopramide
Authors: Bashiyo-Silva Cristiane , Costa Raphael da Silva , Ribeiro Douglas de Castro , Senhorini José Augusto , Veríssimo-Silveira Rosicleire , Ninhaus-Silveira Alexandre 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThis study aimed to establish a hormonal induction protocol for spermiation of Brycon cephalus males, using Ala6, Pro9Net-mGnRH + metoclopramide (Ovopel®). Thus, 20 males were used divided into three inductor treatments [⅓ pellet/kg (T1), ⅔ pellet/kg (T2) and 1⅓ pellet/kg (T3)] and one control group (CO), which only received physiological solution applications (0.9% NaCl). All treatments were applied in a single dose. For evaluation of the availability of the treatment, the following seminal parameters were analyzed: seminal volume, subjective spermatic motility, duration of motility, pH, osmolality and spermatic concentration. T3 showed the highest seminal volume (4.66 ± 1.52 ml), and was significantly different in comparison with T1 (2.0 ± 0.9 ml), T2 (3.5 ± 1.3 ml) and CO (2.3 ± 1.2 ml). In relation to spermatic motility, T2 and T3 showed significantly higher levels [5, (81–100%)]. However, T3 showed significantly lower average sperm motility duration than T1, T2 and CO (30 ± 7 s; 28 ± 6 s; 32 ± 8 s, respectively). With regard to the seminal parameters of spermatic concentration, pH and osmolality, no significant variation was verified among treatments. In conclusion, mGnRH + metoclopramide used for hormonal induction of B. cephalus reproduction does not induce changes related to spermatic concentration, pH and osmolality parameters of the seminal fluid and the most adequate doses among tested treatments were ⅔ pellet/kg live fish.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Rozema Tamika , Klein Lisa R. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTakotsubo cardiomyopathy, “broken heart syndrome”, is a well-known diagnosis in adults; however, this entity remains rare and is not well represented in the paediatric population. This report illustrates a case of takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a premature neonate with a brief discussion of the condition.
No association between fish consumption and risk of stroke in the Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Spain): a 13·8-year follow-up study
Authors: Amiano Pilar , Chamosa Saioa , Etxezarreta Nerea , Arriola Larraitz , Moreno-Iribas Conchi , Huerta José-María , Egües Nerea , Guevara Marcela , Navarro Carmen , Chirlaque María-Dolores , Sánchez María-José , Molina-Montes Esther , Requena Mar , Quirós Jose-Ramón , Obón-Santacana Mireia , Jakszyn Paula , González Carlos-Alberto , Dorronsoro Miren 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo prospectively assess the associations between lean fish, fatty fish and total fish intakes and risk of stroke in the Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Spain).DesignFish intake was estimated from a validated dietary questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between the intakes of lean fish, fatty fish and total fish and stroke risk. Models were run separately for men and women.SettingFive Spanish regions (Asturias, San Sebastian, Navarra, Granada and Murcia).SubjectsIndividuals (n 41 020; 15 490 men and 25 530 women) aged 20–69 years, recruited from 1992 to 1996 and followed-up until December 2008 (December 2006 in the case of Asturias). Only participants with definite incident stroke were considered as cases.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 13·8 years, 674 strokes were identified and subsequently validated by record linkage with hospital discharge databases, primary-care records and regional mortality registries, comprising 531 ischaemic, seventy-nine haemorrhagic, forty-two subarachnoid and twenty-two unspecific strokes. After multiple adjustments, no significant associations were observed between lean fish, fatty fish and total fish consumption and the risk of stroke in men or women. In men, results revealed a non-significant trend towards an inverse association between lean fish (hazard ratio=0·84; 95 % CI 0·55, 1·29, Ptrend=0·06) and total fish consumption (hazard ratio=0·77; 95 % CI 0·51, 1·16, Ptrend=0·06) and risk of total stroke.ConclusionsIn the EPIC-Spain cohort, no association was found between lean fish, fatty fish and total fish consumption and risk of stroke.
Switching rates in health insurance markets decrease with age: empirical evidence and policy implications from the Netherlands
Authors: Duijmelinck Daniëlle M.I.D. , van de Ven Wynand P.M.M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAll consumer groups with specific preferences must feel free to easily switch insurer in order to discipline insurers to be responsive to consumers’ heterogeneous preferences. This paper provides insight into the switching behaviour of low-risks (i.e. young or healthy consumers) and high-risks (i.e. elderly or unhealthy consumers) in the Netherlands in the period 2009–2012. We analysed: (1) administrative data with objective health status information (i.e. medically diagnosed diseases and pharmaceutical use) and information on health care expenses of nearly the entire Dutch population (n=15.3 million individuals) and (2) three-year sample data (n=1152 individuals). Our findings indicate that switching rates strongly decrease with age. For example, in 2009, consumers aged 25–44 switched 10 times more than consumers aged 75 or older. Another finding is that switching rates decrease as the predicted health care expenses increase. Although healthy consumers switch twice as much as unhealthy consumers, this difference becomes much smaller after adjusting for age. We conclude that our findings can be explained by higher perceived switching costs by elderly consumers than by young consumers. Consequently, insurers have low incentives to act as quality-conscious purchasers of care for the elderly consumers. Therefore, strategies should be developed to increase the choice of insurer of elderly consumers.
Rapid epitaxy-free graphene synthesis on silicidated polycrystalline platinum
Authors: Babenko Vitaliy , Murdock Adrian T. , Koós Antal A. , Britton Jude , Crossley Alison , Holdway Philip , Moffat Jonathan , Huang Jian , Alexander-Webber Jack A. , Nicholas Robin J. , Grobert Nicole 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLarge-area synthesis of high-quality graphene by chemical vapour deposition on metallic substrates requires polishing or substrate grain enlargement followed by a lengthy growth period. Here we demonstrate a novel substrate processing method for facile synthesis of mm-sized, single-crystal graphene by coating polycrystalline platinum foils with a silicon-containing film. The film reacts with platinum on heating, resulting in the formation of a liquid platinum silicide layer that screens the platinum lattice and fills topographic defects. This reduces the dependence on the surface properties of the catalytic substrate, improving the crystallinity, uniformity and size of graphene domains. At elevated temperatures growth rates of more than an order of magnitude higher (120 μm min−1) than typically reported are achieved, allowing savings in costs for consumable materials, energy and time. This generic technique paves the way for using a whole new range of eutectic substrates for the large-area synthesis of 2D materials.
Intrinsically stretchable and transparent thin-film transistors based on printable silver nanowires, carbon nanotubes and an elastomeric dielectric
Authors: Liang Jiajie , Li Lu , Chen Dustin , Hajagos Tibor , Ren Zhi , Chou Shu-Yu , Hu Wei , Pei Qibing 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThin-film field-effect transistor is a fundamental component behind various mordern electronics. The development of stretchable electronics poses fundamental challenges in developing new electronic materials for stretchable thin-film transistors that are mechanically compliant and solution processable. Here we report the fabrication of transparent thin-film transistors that behave like an elastomer film. The entire fabrication is carried out by solution-based techniques, and the resulting devices exhibit a mobility of ∼30 cm2 V−1 s−1, on/off ratio of 103–104, switching current >100 μA, transconductance >50 μS and relative low operating voltages. The devices can be stretched by up to 50% strain and subjected to 500 cycles of repeated stretching to 20% strain without significant loss in electrical property. The thin-film transistors are also used to drive organic light-emitting diodes. The approach and results represent an important progress toward the development of stretchable active-matrix displays.
Molecular interactions on single-walled carbon nanotubes revealed by high-resolution transmission microscopy
Authors: Umeyama Tomokazu , Baek Jinseok , Sato Yuta , Suenaga Kazu , Abou-Chahine Fawzi , Tkachenko Nikolai V. , Lemmetyinen Helge , Imahori Hiroshi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe close solid-state structure–property relationships of organic π−aromatic molecules have attracted interest due to their implications for the design of organic functional materials. In particular, a dimeric structure, that is, a unit consisting of two molecules, is required for precisely evaluating intermolecular interactions. Here, we show that the sidewall of a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) represents a unique molecular dimer platform that can be directly visualized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Pyrene is chosen as the π−aromatic molecule; its dimer is covalently linked to the SWNT sidewalls by aryl addition. Reflecting the orientation and separation of the two molecules, the pyrene dimer on the SWNT exhibits characteristic optical and photophysical properties. The methodology discussed here—form and probe molecular dimers—is highly promising for the creation of unique models and provides indispensable and fundamental information regarding molecular interactions.
Giant colloidal silver crystals for low-loss linear and nonlinear plasmonics
Authors: Wang Chun-Yuan , Chen Hung-Ying , Sun Liuyang , Chen Wei-Liang , Chang Yu-Ming , Ahn Hyeyoung , Li Xiaoqin , Gwo Shangjr 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe development of ultrasmooth, macroscopic-sized silver (Ag) crystals exhibiting reduced losses is critical to fully characterize the ultimate performance of Ag as a plasmonic material, and to enable cascaded and integrated plasmonic devices. Here we demonstrate the growth of single-crystal Ag plates with millimetre lateral sizes for linear and nonlinear plasmonic applications. Using these Ag crystals, surface plasmon polariton propagation lengths beyond 100 μm in the red wavelength region are measured. These lengths exceed the predicted values using the widely cited Johnson and Christy data. Furthermore, they allow the fabrication of highly reproducible plasmonic nanostructures by focused ion beam milling. We have designed and fabricated double-resonant nanogroove arrays using these crystals for spatially uniform and spectrally tunable second-harmonic generation. In conventional ‘hot-spot’-based nonlinear processes such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering and second-harmonic generation, strong enhancement can only occur in random, localized regions. In contrast, our approach enables uniform nonlinear signal generation over a large area.
Engineering deceleration and acceleration of soliton emitted from Airy pulse with quadratic phase modulation in optical fibers without high-order effects
Authors: Zhang Lifu , Liu Kun , Zhong Haizhe , Zhang Jinggui , Deng Jianqin , Li Ying , Fan Dianyuan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSoliton propagation direction can be engineered in optical fibers in the presence of high-order effects (HOEs). It is well known that Raman effects can decelerate the soliton. Here we investigate the manipulation of the deceleration or acceleration of soliton emitted from Airy pulse whose spectrum is imposed an initial quadratic phase modulation (QPM) in optical fibers in the absence of HOEs. We show that, under the action of the anomalous second-order dispersion (SOD) and Kerr nonlinearity, Airy pulse with QPM is able to emit soliton with acceleration or deceleration depending on whether the QPM is negative or positive and at a rate that is determined by the magnitude of QPM. The reason is that the acceleration behaviors of incident Airy pulse is altered depending on whether SOD and QPM have the same or opposite signs. Our study shows the possibility of controlling and manipulating the soliton propagation and interaction in optical fibers without HOEs, by purposely choosing appropriate QPM parameter of an Airy pulse.
Seismic footprints of shallow dyke propagation at Etna, Italy
Authors: Falsaperla Susanna , Neri Marco 
Published: July 2015

AbstractOne of the key issues in forecasting volcanic eruptions is to detect signals that can track the propagation of dykes towards the surface. Continuous monitoring of active volcanoes helps significantly in achieving this goal. The seismic data presented here are unique, as they document surface faulting processes close (tens to a few hundred meters) to their source, namely the dyke tip. They originated nearby - and under - a seismic station that was subsequently destroyed by lava flows during eruptive activity at Etna volcano, Italy, in 2013. On February 20, a ~600 m-long and ~120 m wide NW-SE fracture field opened at an altitude between 2750 and 2900 m. The consequent rock dislocation caused the station to tilt and offset the seismic signal temporarily. Data acquisition continued until the arrival of the lava flow that led to the breakdown of the transmission system. Shallow ground fracturing and repeated low-frequency oscillations occurred during two stages in which the seismic signal underwent a maximum offset ~2.57 × 104 nm/s. Bridging instrumental recordings, fieldwork and conceptual modelling, these data are interpreted as the seismic footprints of a magmatic dyke intrusion that moved at speed ~0.02 m/s (first stage) and 0.46 m/s (second stage).
Stimulated scattering effects in gold-nanorod-water samples pumped by 532 nm laser pulses
Authors: Shi Jiulin , Wu Haopeng , Liu Juan , Li Shujing , He Xingdao 
Published: July 2015

AbstractStimulated scattering in gold-nanorod-water samples has been investigated experimentally. The scattering centers are impurity particles rather than the atoms or molecules of conventional homogeneous scattering media. The pump source for exciting stimulated scattering is a pulsed and narrow linewidth second-harmonic Nd: YAG laser, with 532 nm wavelength, ~8 ns pulse duration and 10 Hz repetition rate. Experimental results indicate that SMBS, SBS and STRS can be generated in gold-nanorod-water samples under appropriate pump and absorption conditions. The incident pump energy has to be larger than a certain threshold value before stimulated scattering can be detected. The absorption coefficient of samples at 532 nm wavelength depends on the one of characteristic absorption bands of gold nanorods located around 530 nm. A critical absorption coefficient "Equation missing" can be determined for the transition from SBS to STRS. Also, the spectral-line-broadening effects of STRS have been observed, the line-shape presents a pseudo-Voigt profile due to the random thermal motion of molecules and strong particle collision.
Polymerase/DNA interactions and enzymatic activity: multi-parameter analysis with electro-switchable biosurfaces
Authors: Langer Andreas , Schräml Michael , Strasser Ralf , Daub Herwin , Myers Thomas , Heindl Dieter , Rant Ulrich 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe engineering of high-performance enzymes for future sequencing and PCR technologies as well as the development of many anticancer drugs requires a detailed analysis of DNA/RNA synthesis processes. However, due to the complex molecular interplay involved, real-time methodologies have not been available to obtain comprehensive information on both binding parameters and enzymatic activities. Here we introduce a chip-based method to investigate polymerases and their interactions with nucleic acids, which employs an electrical actuation of DNA templates on microelectrodes. Two measurement modes track both the dynamics of the induced switching process and the DNA extension simultaneously to quantitate binding kinetics, dissociation constants and thermodynamic energies. The high sensitivity of the method reveals previously unidentified tight binding states for Taq and Pol I (KF) DNA polymerases. Furthermore, the incorporation of label-free nucleotides can be followed in real-time and changes in the DNA polymerase conformation (finger closing) during enzymatic activity are observable.
Flexural bending of southern Tibet in a retro foreland setting
Authors: Wang Erchie , Kamp Peter J. J. , Xu Ganqing , Hodges Kip V. , Meng Kai , Chen Lin , Wang Gang , Luo Hui 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe highest elevation of the Tibetan Plateau, lying 5,700 m above sea level, occurs within the part of the Lhasa block immediately north of the India-Tibet suture zone (Yarlung Zangbo suture zone, YZSZ), being 700 m higher than the maximum elevation of more northern parts of the plateau. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain this differentially higher topography and the rock uplift that led to it, invoking crustal compression or extension. Here we present the results of structural investigations along the length of the high elevation belt and suture zone, which rather indicate flexural bending of the southern margin of the Lhasa block (Gangdese magmatic belt) and occurrence of an adjacent foreland basin (Kailas Basin), both elements resulting from supra-crustal loading of the Lhasa block by the Zangbo Complex (Indian plate rocks) via the Great Counter Thrust. Hence we interpret the differential elevation of the southern margin of the plateau as due originally to uplift of a forebulge in a retro foreland setting modified by subsequent processes. Identification of this flexural deformation has implications for early evolution of the India-Tibet continental collision zone, implying an initial (Late Oligocene) symmetrical architecture that subsequently transitioned into the present asymmetrical wedge architecture.
Large scale systematic proteomic quantification from non-metastatic to metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Yin Xuefei , Zhang Yang , Guo Shaowen , Jin Hong , Wang Wenhai , Yang Pengyuan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA systematic proteomic quantification of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) colorectal cancer tissues from stage I to stage IIIC was performed in large scale. 1017 proteins were identified with 338 proteins in quantitative changes by label free method, while 341 proteins were quantified with significant expression changes among 6294 proteins by iTRAQ method. We found that proteins related to migration expression increased and those for binding and adherent decreased during the colorectal cancer development according to the gene ontology (GO) annotation and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). The integrin alpha 5 (ITA5) in integrin family was focused, which was consistent with the metastasis related pathway. The expression level of ITA5 decreased in metastasis tissues and the result has been further verified by Western blotting. Another two cell migration related proteins vitronectin (VTN) and actin-related protein (ARP3) were also proved to be up-regulated by both mass spectrometry (MS) based quantification results and Western blotting. Up to now, our result shows one of the largest dataset in colorectal cancer proteomics research. Our strategy reveals a disease driven omics-pattern for the metastasis colorectal cancer.