bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'influence du contexte sur le management territorial en Méditerranée. Une analyse comparée de Barcelone, Marseille et Tlemcen
Authors: Hernandez Solange , Belkaid Esma 
Published: October 2013

Cette communication porte sur les modalités de mise en œuvre des stratégies territoriales dans des organisations métropolitaines en Méditerranée. Nous souhaitons comprendre quels facteurs sont susceptibles d’influencer leurs modalités de gestion ? Et quels sont les outils managériaux leur permettant de gérer ces facteurs d’influence ? Pour apporter des réponses, nous menons trois études de cas sur les organisations publiques des métropoles de Barcelone (Espagne), Marseille (France) et Tlemcen (Algérie). Les résultats révèlent des caractéristiques spécifiques aux métropoles de cet espace géographique, telle la prégnance des facteurs d’influence exogène et des outils de gestion de l’interface avec l’environnement.
Un modelo psicobiológico de la sobrealimentación inducida por estrés
Authors: Silva Jaime R. 
Published: October 2013

Los dietantes crónicos muestran un patrón de alimentación paradójico: si bien restringen usualmente su consumo de alimentos, bajo ciertas situaciones se sobrealimentan. Se ha explicado que este patrón resulta de una estrategia cognitiva para controlar situaciones estresantes. La perspectiva de la neurociencia afectiva, desarrollada por Silva, sugiere que esta observación ocurre en individuos afectivamente vulnerables. Específicamente, las personas con una actividad frontal derecha incrementada son propensas a desarrollar aquellos patrones disfuncionales de control emocional. En este artículo se presenta un progreso teórico de este punto de vista científico. Bajo una aproximación psicobiológica, propongo que la sensibilidad al estrés es un aspecto esencial en la fisiología de los dietantes crónicos que puede ser entendida como una predisposición biológica a desarrollar alteraciones en la regulación emocional.
Modelos animales en psicopatología experimental: miedo, tolerancia a las drogas y condicionamiento
Authors: Laborda Mario A. 
Published: October 2013

La noción darwiniana de continuidad de las especies ha justificado la investigación con animales no-humanos para entender al hombre. Si el hombre está evolutivamente conectado con el resto de los animales, entonces podemos encontrar en ellos modelos análogos para estudiar nuestra biología y comportamiento. En psicología, los modelos animales han demostrado ser una efectiva herramienta para entender tanto el comportamiento normal como el anormal. En el presente artículo se presentan algunos ejemplos de modelos animales en psicopatología experimental, y se reportan dos estudios ilustrativos de cómo este tipo de investigación puede ser informativa tanto de la etiología y mantenimiento, como del tratamiento de los desórdenes del comportamiento.
Problemas de comportamiento en los perros domésticos (canis familiaris): aportes de la psicología del aprendizaje
Authors: Elgier Ángel M. , Jakovcevic Adriana , Mustaca Alba E. , Bentosela Mariana , Barrera Gabriela 
Published: October 2013

La convivencia entre los perros domésticos (Canis familiaris) y los humanos puede verse afectada por la presencia de problemas de conducta. Éstos, principalmente, se relacionan con la agresión, el miedo y la ansiedad de separación, y en menor medida, con desórdenes compulsivos. Las alteraciones relacionadas con la agresión son las más preocupantes a nivel social, dado el riesgo que conllevan para el humano. En la presente revisión se describe el patrón conductual de cada tipo de alteración así como algunos de los factores que se encuentran asociados al desarrollo de los problemas de conducta. Por último, se revisan las evidencias de diversos tratamientos conductuales y se discuten posibles aportes del área de la Psicología.
Algunas observaciones sobre la tesis de la declinación del padre y la cuestión de la Ley en psicoanálisis
Authors: Radiszcz S. Esteban 
Published: October 2013

La llegada del fin de siglo ha traído consigo un singular diagnóstico que, pronunciado insistentemente en ciertos círculos psicoanalíticos, denunciaría una transformación mayor de la sociedad occidental precipitada por una declinación sin precedentes del Nombre del Padre en la cultura. Sin embargo esta tesis no parece estar exenta de dificultades, además de encontrarse en franca contradicción con algunos aspectos implicados en las nociones sobre las que ella misma se sostiene. A partir de una discusión sobre algunos aspectos de dicha tesis, el presente trabajo busca señalar el lugar paradójico que el psicoanálisis le asigna a la Ley, además de reflexionar sobre los riesgos del reforzamiento de ésta en la sociedad contemporánea.
Escuela y construcción de identidades de género: una aproximación a la masculinización de los varones en edad pre-escolar
Authors: Tomasini Marina E. 
Published: October 2013

Este artículo trata sobre la construcción de identidades de género en los varones en la educación pre-escolar. Se presenta un conjunto de análisis provenientes de una investigación realizada en tres centros de educación inicial en Córdoba, Argentina. Dentro de las interacciones que emergen en la cotidianeidad escolar hay una serie de actuaciones que son interpretadas como parte del proceso de masculinización y se caracterizan por: la centralidad que adquiere el cuerpo en las interacciones entre varones, mediante las agresiones físicas y en juegos corporales; el protagonismo de algunos niños en actos de hostigamiento hacia otros/as compañeros/as; la tendencia de algunos a implicarse en conflictos entre niñas e intentar resolverlos por medio de la violencia física. Se consideran algunas formas por las cuales las intervenciones docentes constituyen sentidos que refuerzan determinada identidad de los "varones" como clase problemática en relación a la disciplina y el orden escolar.
Para una reconstrucción genealógica y epistemológica del concepto de metacognición
Authors: González de Requena Farré Juan Antonio 
Published: October 2013

En las últimas décadas ha habido una creciente investigación acerca de la metacognición, que nos ha familiarizado con metatérminos como metaconocimiento o metaaprendizaje, entre otros. En este artículointentamos reconstruir los modelos de la metacognición previos y los recientes paradigmas metacognitivos. También cuestionamos las implicaciones epistemológicas y las condiciones retóricas y socio-históricas de la acuñación y circulación del léxico metacognitivo.
Burnout en trabajadores de hospitales comunitarios o de baja complejidad: una comparacion de género y de nivel de escolaridad
Authors: Chiang María Margarita , Sigoña Marcelo 
Published: October 2013

Este estudio analiza el nivel de burnout en los trabajadores de hospitales comunitarios o de baja complejidad. La población sobre la cual se aplicó el estudio fue 400 individuos, con una tasa de respuesta de 42%. Se utilizó el Cuestionario para la evaluación del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (CESQT). La fiabilidad de las escalas en todos los casos es adecuada. Los resultados muestran que un 76% de los funcionarios no presenta burnout, un 18% presenta trastorno pero no está inhabilitado clínicamente y un 6% está inhabilitado para trabajar sin tratamiento clínico. El nivel de escolaridad influye en la aparición del burnout, se podría esperar que a niveles de escolaridad universitaria se tuviera mayores recursos para enfrentar el burnout.
Hacia una teoría pragmática y psicoanalítica de porqué las palabras curan. La literalidad de la palabra y la eficacia simbólica en la metáfora
Authors: García Mauricio 
Published: October 2013

El porqué las palabras curan sigue siendo el enigma mayor de las psicoterapias. Para profundizar su comprensión es necesario superar el abordaje lógico-semántico del discurso, según el cual la clave estaría en la producción de sentido, e introducir una visión pragmática para cernir la condición de acto de la palabra. Se comienza analizando el concepto de "Eficacia Simbólica", mostrando los aportes e impases que genera. Luego se reformula la cuestión de la eficacia desde la teoría psicoanalítica de la simbolización, introduciendo aportes de la filosofía analítica. Se concluye que la eficacia del diálogo terapéutico estriba en la literalidad de la palabra y no en sus sentidos segundos, pero a condición de que dicho diálogo haga emerger "promesas de sentido" nunca cumplidas plenamente.
Histopathologic Diagnosis of Pediatric Neoplasms: A Review of International Consultations
Authors: Santiago Teresa C. , Jenkins Jesse J. 
Published: October 2013

Context.—Correct histopathologic diagnosis is fundamental to defining proper treatment and improving outcomes in children with malignancies. The Department of Pathology at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (SJCRH) has collaborated with SJCRH International Outreach Program partner sites to improve the accuracy of histopathologic diagnoses in countries with limited resources. Pathologists at SJCRH provide review and evaluation of cases that are considered difficult or complex.Objectives.—To determine the quality of pathology diagnosis and to identify areas for improvement in our international partner sites, we retrospectively analyzed all the international cases that were submitted for review. A comparison of our data with selected reports of surgical pathology error rates published in the medical literature was performed.Design.—From January 2009 through December 2011, SJCRH received 763 cases submitted by international pathologists from 37 countries for histopathologic review and evaluation. Of 763 cases reviewed, 705 (92.4%) met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Rates of concordance between the submitted diagnoses and SJCRH reviewed diagnoses were analyzed.Results.—Overall concordance, minor disagreement, and major disagreement rates between submitted diagnoses and SJCRH reviewed diagnoses were 430 (61.0%), 98 (13.9%), and 177 (25.1%) of the cases, respectively. Major disagreement rates ranged from 13.7% to 37.1% among studied countries.Conclusions.—The major disagreement rate between referring international sites and SJCRH was substantially higher than the major disagreement rate among US institutions. Lack of the availability of immunohistochemistry and the training of pathologists in the diagnosis of pediatric neoplasms may have contributed to the discrepancies.
Should “Indeterminate” Diagnoses Be Used for Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspirates of Nodules Smaller Than 1 cm?
Authors: Renshaw Andrew A. , Gould Edwin W. 
Published: October 2013

Context.—The Bethesda System for thyroid fine-needle aspirates does not account for the size of the lesion that is aspirated.
Objective.—To determine whether the size of the lesion would be helpful in order to reduce indeterminate thyroid aspirations.
Design.—We correlated the results of all thyroid aspirations and surgical resection for the last 16 years at our institutions.
Results.—A total of 9080 cases were aspirated and 1393 resections were performed. Of those resected, a total of 236 (17%) were classified as atypical follicular cells of undetermined significance, and 256 (18%) were classified as suspicious for a follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm. A total of 52 incidental papillary carcinomas were identified in these indeterminate cases at resection (52 of 492; 11%). Thirty-seven (16%) atypical follicular cells of undetermined significance cases and 21 (8%) suspicious for a follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm cases were for nodules smaller than 1 cm in diameter. When cases subtyped as atypical, a papillary carcinoma cannot be ruled out, were removed (13 cases), the remaining 24 and 21 aspirates identified 3 tumors each (13% and 14%), all papillary carcinomas. Together, the incidence of identified carcinomas was not significantly different than that of incidental carcinomas (13% versus 11%, P = .48). The rate of identified carcinomas was significantly less than for similar indeterminate cases smaller than 1 cm (excluding cases of atypical, papillary carcinoma cannot be ruled out) (88 of 330 cases; 27%; P = .05).
Conclusions.—For nodules smaller than 1 cm in our series, indeterminate aspirates without features of papillary carcinomas have the same risk of malignancy as benign aspirates.
Competition of diffusion and crosslink on the interphase region in carbon fiber/epoxy analyzed by multiscale simulations
Authors: Li Min , Gu Yi‐Zhuo , Li Yan‐Xia , Liu Hong , Zhang Zuo‐Guang 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTMolecular diffusion and crosslink between sizing, epoxy, and hardener agent were simulated to elucidate forming process of interphase in carbon fiber/epoxy composite, by using a multiscale method, in which fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD), coarse‐grained dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) and Monte Carlo‐like polymerizing models are used in combination. It shows that mutual diffusions of the three components tend to result in gradient distributions in the fiber vicinity crossing the interphase transition region. The diffusion behavior is extremely restrained by the crosslink reactions. The results indicate that a period of diffusion before the initiation of chemical reaction is necessarily important to obtain sufficient crosslink within the interphase. The sizing amount and the sizing compositions have significant influence on the interphase region. Thicker sizing layer leads to less crosslink and wider transition region, whereas existence of hardener agent in the sizing layer can generate higher crosslink density without changing the width of the interphase. These results deepen our understanding on molecular formation and optimization of the three‐dimensional interphase region in carbon fiber/epoxy composites. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40032.
Identification and characterization of novel surfactins produced by fungal antagonist Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 6B
Authors: Pathak Khyati V. , Bose Anjali , Keharia Haresh 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe broad‐spectrum fungal antagonist, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 6B (BA6B), isolated from the Jakhao coast of Kutch, India, was investigated for its antifungal metabolites using mass spectrometry. The cyclic lipopeptides harvested from the cell‐free fermentation broth of BA6B by acid precipitation and subsequently dissolved in methanol were subjected to liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS) for their identification and sequence determination. The 26 types of surfactin variants were identified from the methanolic extract by LC–ESI–MS/MS analysis. Among 26 surfactin species, several new cyclic as well as acyclic surfactin variants based on the variation in the β‐hydroxy fatty acid (β‐OH FA) chain length and/or in amino acid positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 were identified. The mass spectrometric analysis of crude extract also enabled the identification of 11 unique molecular mass ions with minimum two or maximum four types of isobaric peptide variants.
Continuous ethanol production from sugarcane molasses using a newly designed combined bioreactor system by immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Xu Wanxia , Liang Lei , Song Zhentao , Zhu Mingjun 
Published: October 2013

AbstractContinuous ethanol fermentation using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), immobilized yeast, and sugarcane molasses (22 and 35°Bx) with 8 g/L urea was run in a combined bioreactor system consisting of three‐stage tubular bioreactors in series. The effect of the dilution rate (D) at 0.0037, 0.0075, 0.0117, 0.0145, 0.018, and 0.0282 H−1 on continuous ethanol fermentation was investigated in this study. The results showed that D had a significant effect on fermentation efficiency, sugar‐utilized rate, ethanol yield, and ethanol productivity in this designed continuous fermentation system. The D had a linear relationship with residual sugar and ethanol production under certain conditions. The highest fermentation efficiency of 83.26%, ethanol yield of 0.44 g/g, and the lowest residual sugar content of 6.50 g/L were achieved at 0.0037 H−1 in the fermentation of 22°Bx molasses, indicating that the immobilization of cells using PVA, sugarcane pieces, and cotton towel is feasible and the established continuous system performs well.
Imaging early signaling events in T lymphocytes with fluorescent biosensors
Authors: Randriamampita Clotilde , Lellouch Annemarie C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMany recent advances in our understanding of T lymphocyte functions in adaptive immunity are derived from sophisticated imaging techniques used to visualize T lymphocyte behavior in vitro and in vivo. A current challenge is to couple such imaging techniques with methods that will allow researchers to visualize signaling phenomenon at the single‐cell level. Fluorescent biosensors, either synthetic or genetically encoded, are emerging as important tools for revealing the spatio‐temporal regulation of intracellular biochemical events, such as specific enzyme activities or fluctuations in metabolites. In this review, we revisit the development of fluorescent Ca2+ sensors with which the first experiments visualizing T lymphocyte activation at the single‐cell were performed, and which have since become routine tools in immunology. We then examine a number of examples of how fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)‐based biosensors have been developed and applied to T lymphocyte migration, adhesion and T‐cell receptor (TCR)‐mediated signal transduction. These include the study of small GTPases such as RhoA, Rac and Rap1, the tyrosine kinases Lck and ZAP‐70, and metabolites such as cAMP and Ca2+. Future development and use of biosensors should allow immunologists to reconcile the vast wealth of existing biochemical data concerning T‐cell functions with the power of dynamic live‐cell imaging.
Development of a CFD Model of Bubble Column Bioreactors: Part One – A Detailed Experimental Study
Authors: McClure D. D. , Kavanagh J. M. , Fletcher D. F. , Barton G. W. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe holdup and bubble size distribution (BSD) in bubble columns using both air/water and an industrially relevant air/fermentation media system are investigated. It was found that the BSD in the air/fermentation media system was quite narrow and did not change with height. In contrast, the BSD in the air/water system varied considerably with height depending on the sparger design used. Holdup measurements were also performed for different superficial velocities. The holdup in the air/fermentation media system was greater than that for the air/water system, a result attributed to the presence of surface‐active compounds in the fermentation media.
MicroRNA‐222 and MicroRNA‐146b are tissue and circulating biomarkers of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Lee James C. , Zhao Jing Ting , Clifton‐Bligh Roderick J. , Gill Anthony , Gundara Justin S. , Ip Julian C. , Glover Anthony , Sywak Mark S. , Delbridge Leigh W. , Robinson Bruce G. , Sidhu Stanley B. 
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUNDPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) persistence or recurrence and the need for long‐term surveillance can cause significant inconvenience and morbidity in patients. Currently, recurrence risk stratification is accomplished by using clinicopathologic factors, and serum thyroglobulin is the only commercially available marker for persistent or recurrent disease. The objective of this study was to determine microRNA (miRNA) expression in PTC and determine whether 1 or more miRNAs could be measured in plasma as a biomarker for recurrence.METHODSPatients with recurrent PTC (Rc‐PTC) and those without recurrence (NR‐PTC) were retrospectively recruited for a comparison of their tumor miRNA profiles. Patients with either newly diagnosed PTC or multinodular goiter who were undergoing total thyroidectomy were prospectively recruited for an analysis of preoperative and postoperative circulating miRNA levels. Healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group.RESULTSMicroRNA‐222 and miR‐146b were over‐expressed 10.8‐fold and 8.9‐fold, respectively, in Rc‐PTC tumors compared with NR‐PTC tumors (P = .014 and P = .038, respectively). In plasma from preoperative PTC patients, levels of miR‐222 and miR‐146b were higher compared with the levels in plasma from healthy volunteers (P < .01 for both). Reductions of 2.7‐fold and 5.1‐fold were observed in the plasma levels of miR‐222 and miR‐146b, respectively, after total thyroidectomy (P = .03 for both).CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated that tumor levels of miR‐222 and miR‐146b are associated with PTC recurrence and that miR‐222 and miR‐146b levels in the circulation correspond to the presence of PTC. The potential of these miRNAs as tumor biomarkers to improve patient stratification according to the risk of recurrence and as circulating biomarkers for PTC surveillance warrants further study. Cancer 2013;119:4358–4365. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Subicular–parahippocampal projections revisited: Development of a complex topography in the rat
Authors: O'Reilly Kally C. , Gulden Dahl Annelene , Ulsaker Kruge Ingvild , Witter Menno P. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe subicular–parahippocampal projection has been proposed as the major output pathway of the hippocampus. This projection shows a striking topographic organization along its three‐dimensional axes. Here we aimed to study the development of this projection system. We found that an adult‐like topography of subiculum‐to‐parahippocampal projections is present by postnatal day 7 (P7). The cellular morphology in the subiculum is immature at this age, reaching maturity by P15–19. The density of projections increases from P7 to P15–19 but does so within the constraints of the adult topography. Projections to the entorhinal cortex show a clear arrangement in line with the adult data, in that distal portions of the subiculum project to the medial entorhinal cortex, whereas proximal portions project to the lateral entorhinal cortex. Our results add new details to the proximodistal organization of projections to the pre‐ and parasubiculum. We show that these projections arise exclusively from the more distal part, sharing their origin with that of medial entorhinal projections. Within this distal portion of the subiculum, a proximodistal gradient of origin maps onto a presubicular termination gradient starting in proximal presubiculum and extending gradually until it covers the proximodistal extent. Proximally located neurons in the distal part of the subiculum target the distal portion of the parasubiculum, and distal subicular neurons target the proximal most portion of parasubiculum. Given the specificity of the known topographic projections this early in development, we expect that these newly described topographic features will be maintained in the adult. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:4284–4299, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.