bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of post‐harvest pretreatments and drying methods on in vitro bioaccessibility of phenolics and carotenoids in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars
Authors: Nzimande Nokuthula Abegale , Mianda Sephora Mutombo , Seke Faith , Sivakumar Dharini 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTwo pretreatments (ultrasound sonication [US] and microwave [MW]) and drying techniques (hot air [HA] and freeze‐drying [FD]) were used to assess the in vitro bioaccessibility of phenols, carotenoids, and antioxidant activity in three tomato cultivars (Zzx171, Zzx162, and Zzx65). The metabolome‐chemometric analysis showed that tomato cultivars dried by FD and HA differed in metabolites. HA samples contained methoxytyrosine and aconitane‐type diterpenoids. US‐HA enhanced total phenol content bioaccessibility by 64.72%–74.25% in three tomato cultivars after digestion (intestinal phase). US‐HA increased the protocatechuic acid levels in all three tomato cultivars in the intestinal phase, but by 55.23% in Zzx65 compared to the undigested samples. Despite all adopted postharvest pretreatments and drying, US‐HA retained chlorogenic acid, 4‐O‐caffeinyliquinic acid, and rutin better, due to microstructure changes in the intestinal phase, and Zzx65 treated with US‐HA retained the most. In undigested samples, US‐FD improved total carotenoids, lycopene, and β‐carotene retention, but the inaccessibility was reduced significantly during in vitro digestion. Cultivar × postharvest treatment affected all phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and antioxidant activities in the intestinal phase. US‐HA had improved antioxidant power (FRAP) and 3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging activity in the intestinal phase.Practical ApplicationTomatoes are an important part of the human diet. Their high perishability reduces their nutritional and microbiological quality. The lack of cold storage infrastructure in developing countries contributes to food waste. Convective hot air drying is suitable for recycling fresh market waste products as supplement powders. The ultrasound pretreatment protects bioactive compounds in tomato fruit and is non‐thermal. There are several limitations, including equipment cost, energy efficiency, and integration with commercial systems, which limit ultrasound‐assisted drying's scalability. The integration of US‐HA treatment (ultrasound‐assisted hot air drying) could reduce food waste and contribute to the sustainable development goals in agricultural industries.
Highly specific immunoassays for hazardous phenacetin in herbal teas enabled by low electronegativity‐induced coating antigen
Authors: Chen Maner , Lai Wei , Lin Jianhao , Liu Zhiwei , Lei Yi , Wang Yu , Wang Chenglong , Yu Xiaoqin , Mo Qiuhua , Wang Bingzhi , Lei Hongtao , Guan Tian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhenacetin is often illegally adulterated into herbal teas for enhanced analgesic and anti‐inflammatory properties, posing great threats to consumers’ health. However, few rapid tests are available to monitor the banned phenacetin. Though one phenacetin immunoassay has been reported already, its unmet selectivity limits the wider application in rapid screening. Herein, a highly specific and sensitive phenacetin antibody was induced by long spacer arms‐based immunogens coupling with low‐electronegativity coating antigen. Furthermore, a precise indirect competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ic‐ELISA) and a field practical colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (AuNPs‐LFIA) were developed for phenacetin detection in Guangdong herbal teas. This work exhibits low detection limits (8.80 ng/mL for ic‐ELISA, 2.19 ng/mL for AuNPs‐LFIA) and reasonable recoveries (102.8%–111.1% and 91.68%–111.91%). It is noteworthy that both of the developed ic‐ELISA and AuNPs‐LFIA have high accuracy and practicability in blind herbal tea analysis, which was validated by the authorized liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry method. The proposed ic‐ELISA and AuNPs‐LFIA could be promising approaches in monitoring Guangdong herbal teas with potential illegally adulterated phenacetin.Practical ApplicationRapid and accurate monitoring of illicitly added drugs of phenacetin in herbal teas is necessary and important for consumers and regulatory agencies.
Aromatic and sensorial profiles of Guichang kiwi wine fermented by indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains
Authors: Guan Tongwei , Gui Xuemei , Wu Yao , Wang Shouqin , Tian Lei , Liu Qingru , Wu Yijiao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) serves as an essential tool for enhancing the sensory and aromatic profiles of fruit wines from specific regions. This study aims to investigate the effects of inoculating indigenous S. cerevisiae strains Sc1, Sc2, and a commercial strain Sy on the physicochemical properties, organic acids, sensory properties, and volatile compounds of Guichang kiwi wines (Sc1 wine, Sc2 wine, Sy wine) compared to unfermented kiwi juice. Compared to Sy wine, the ethanol concentration in Sc1 and Sc2 wines significantly increased, while the total organic acids content decreased, and the sensory properties of alcohol, fruity, and typicality were notably enhanced. Sc1 wine demonstrated the least reduction in vitamin C (VC) concentration and the lowest total organic acids concentration. Additionally, Sc1 wine surpassed Sc2 wine in terms of scores for alcohol, mouth‐feel, acidity, floral, fruity, and typicality. A total of 47 volatile compounds were identified in both the juice and wines using the two‐dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC × GC–MS) technique. A strong correlation was observed between 16 odor‐active compounds and six sensory attributes, while nine aroma‐active compounds (VIP > 1) were identified as the crucial differential compounds responsible for the aromatic characteristics of the juice and wines. Fermentation with Sc1 led to increased production of alcohols, ethyl esters, phenylethyl alcohol, and isoamyl acetate, which significantly enhanced floral and fruity flavors. This study provides evidence that fermentation with the indigenous S. cerevisiae strain Sc1 contributes to improving sensory attributes and enhancing aroma quality in Guichang kiwi wine.Practical ApplicationAs kiwi wine continues to gain widespread popularity among consumers, there is an increasing preference for the use of indigenous yeast strains in the fermentation process. This study demonstrates that, compared to the indigenous S. cerevisiae strain Sc2 and the commercial strain Sy, the indigenous sourced S. cerevisiae strain Sc1 produced fermented wine with the lowest total organic acids content. Furthermore, it exhibits a greater diversity and concentration of volatile compounds, along with a more pronounced floral and fruity aroma. These findings suggest its potential to enhance both the sensory attributes and aroma quality of Guichang kiwi wine.
Detection of Overlooked Rare EGFR Mutations in Non‐small Cell Lung Cancer Using Multigene Testing
Authors: Shiraishi Naoki , Takahama Takayuki , Sakai Kazuko , Tanaka Kaoru , Nakagawa Yuzuki , Kanemura Hiroaki , Nakayama Tomohiro , Kawanaka Yusuke , Kurosaki Takashi , Suzuki Shinichiro , Iwasa Tsutomu , Tanizaki Junko , Inagaki Chiaki , Yonesaka Kimio , Fukuoka Kazuya , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Nishio Kazuto , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecognizing rare molecular variants of driver mutations poses a challenge in precision oncology, particularly for treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we aimed to determine whether Oncomine Dx Target Test Multi‐CDx System (ODxTT), the most widely used genetic test for NSCLC in Japan, potentially overlooks druggable EGFR mutations.Materials and MethodsAmong 418 patients who underwent molecular testing using ODxTT at our hospital, 267 were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. No mutations were reported in 82 of these cases. For these 82 cases, we searched for EGFR mutations in exons 18–21 by examining the binary alignment map file. Once a mutation was identified, its pathological significance was evaluated using the ClinVar database to determine whether ODxTT had overlooked any actionable EGFR mutations.ResultsMutations in EGFR exons 19 and 18 were identified in six and four cases, respectively. Three, six, and none of these variants were detectable using the Cobas EGFR Mutation Test v2, Lung Cancer Compact Panel, and Amoy Dx, respectively. Of the 10 patients, five were subsequently treated with EGFR TKI; three showed partial response, one had stable disease, and one had progressive disease.ConclusionsODxTT failed to identify 10 actionable EGFR mutations, accounting for 12.2% (10/82) of the cases initially reported as not carrying actionable mutations. Therefore, comprehensive genomic profiling should be actively performed early in cases with high clinical suspicion of EGFR mutations.
Working memory capacity and self‐cues: Consistent benefits in children and adults
Authors: Ahmed Zahra , McLean Janet F. , Allan Kevin , Cunningham Sheila J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFrom attentional prioritization to enhanced memory, self‐cues trigger a variety of effects within human cognition. Recent work suggests that self‐reference may also enhance working memory, possibly via attentional prioritization. However, there is no direct evidence that self‐cues enhance working memory capacity, or that such boosts covary with individuals' attentional function. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of enhanced working memory capacity for self‐referential cues, independent of attentional processing. We adapted a verbal working memory complex span to create a ‘Self’ condition (featuring the participant's own name), ‘Other’ condition (featuring a non‐self‐name), and Control condition (with no name), in 7–9‐year‐old children (Exp.1, N = 71) and adults (Exp.2, N = 52). In both experiments, the Self condition elicited significantly higher spans than the other conditions (Exp 1: p < .001, ηp2 = .32; Exp 2: p < .001, ηp2 = .25), but this increase in capacity was unrelated to measures of attentional processing or backward digit span. Moreover, equivalent boosts were observed in children and adults, despite adults' significantly higher underlying capacity. We propose a chunking interpretation based on enhanced binding of self‐associated items, directly benefiting individual's working memory capacity regardless of their current attentional competence or ‘baseline’ capacity.
Serum Estradiol Concentrations With Estradiol 0.06% Gel in Transgender and Gender‐Diverse Adults
Authors: Maggacis Raquel A. , Cheung Ada S. , Nolan Brendan J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTransgender and gender‐diverse individuals undergoing estradiol therapy for gender affirmation are typically treated with oral or transdermal estradiol, with transdermal estradiol recommended for those aged > 45 years. There are limited data evaluating estradiol gel in gender‐affirming hormone therapy regimens. We aimed to assess the serum estradiol concentrations achieved with estradiol 0.06% gel in transgender and gender‐diverse adults.DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional audit of transgender and gender‐diverse adults at endocrine clinics in Melbourne, Australia.PatientsEighty‐one adults treated with estradiol 0.06% gel.MeasurementsOutcomes were estradiol 0.06% gel dose, serum estradiol concentration and proportion of individuals achieving target serum estradiol concentrations in consensus guidelines.ResultsMedian serum estradiol concentration was 396 pmol/L (233–681) on 1.5 mg (1.5–2.25) estradiol 0.06% gel daily. Forty‐six percent of individuals achieved serum estradiol concentrations within target range (250–600 pmol/L) of Australian consensus guidelines; 27% were below range and 27% were above range. There was a weak positive correlation between estradiol gel dose and serum estradiol concentration (r = 0.23, p = 0.04).ConclusionEstradiol 0.06% gel achieves target serum estradiol concentrations in a significant proportion of transgender and gender‐diverse adults. This represents an alternative estradiol formulation for individuals desiring estradiol therapy for gender affirmation.
Peri‐Implant Marginal Bone Changes Using High‐Speed Drilling With Irrigation Versus Low‐Speed Drilling Without Irrigation: A Randomized Clinical Trial With 12 Months of Follow‐Up
Authors: Bernabeu‐Mira Juan Carlos , Peñarrocha‐Diago Miguel , Canullo Luigi , Camacho‐Alonso Fabio , Rojo‐Sanchis Julio , Peñarrocha‐Oltra David 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo analyse marginal bone level changes at implants placed using high‐speed drilling (800 rpm) with irrigation versus low‐speed drilling (150 rpm) without irrigation. Peri‐implant soft‐tissue parameters were assessed and the influence of bone density and vertical dimensions of supracrestal soft tissue on marginal bone level changes was evaluated.Material and MethodsPatients with a single posterior edentulous area were included in a randomized parallel single‐blinded clinical trial. The study groups were: high‐speed drilling with irrigation (CG:control group) and low‐speed drilling without irrigation (TG:test group). Marginal bone level changes were measured using parallelized periapical radiographs during 12‐months. Probing depth, bleeding on probing, plaque index, buccal keratinized mucosa, suppuration and recession were measured. The mean total bone density was evaluated in Hounsfield Units. Mann–Whitney U‐test for non‐parametric variables and t‐test for parametric variables were employed.ResultsA total of 66 patients were included (33 per group). The implant success rate was 100% for both groups according to Misch classification. No statistically significant differences were found regarding marginal bone loss (CG: −0.03 (0.17); TG: −0.01 (0.05)), bone remodeling (CG: 0.81 (0.64); TG: 0.86 (0.54)), or peri‐implant soft tissue parameters (p > 0.05). Bone density showed no significant correlation with the peri‐implant bone and soft‐tissue changes. The vertical supracrestal soft tissue was inversely correlated to peri‐implant bone remodeling.ConclusionsWithin the limits, high‐speed drilling with irrigation and low‐speed drilling without irrigation had no statistically significant influence on the peri‐implant marginal bone and soft tissue changes during 12 months of follow‐up. These variables were not significantly influenced by bone density.Trial RegistrationUnique identification number: NCT05286866
Does hospitalisation improve oral anticoagulant optimisation in patients with atrial fibrillation?
Authors: Kefale Belayneh , Peterson Gregory M. , Mirkazemi Corinne , Dwyer Nathan B. , Salahudeen Mohammed S. , Radford Janette , Boland Camille M. , Bezabhe Woldesellassie M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundHospitalisation offers an opportunity for medication review and correction, yet it has received little attention. We aimed to evaluate oral anticoagulant (OAC) use in patients with atrial fibrillation at hospital admission and discharge and determine whether hospitalisation improves care.MethodsWe conducted an observational study at the Royal Hobart Hospital, Australia, in patients with atrial fibrillation. The appropriateness of stroke‐prevention therapy at admission and discharge was evaluated using Australian guidelines. Factors associated with correcting inappropriate OAC therapy were identified using multiple logistic regression.ResultsAmong 902 patients, 47.1% (n = 425) were receiving inappropriate OAC therapy at admission. The most common errors included lack of OAC therapy (58.6%, n = 249) and underdosing of direct‐acting OACs (15.5%, n = 66). OAC therapy appropriateness at discharge was assessed for 844 patients; 73.8% were receiving appropriate therapy (versus 53.8% at admission (p < .001)). Specifically, 49.0% (n = 191) of the admission therapy errors were corrected. Correction was more likely in patients admitted to the stroke (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 16.93, 95% CI: 1.31–218.48) or cardiology wards (aOR: 4.10, 95% CI: 1.94–8.64), and if bleeding occurred during hospitalisation (aOR: 4.01, 95% CI: 1.07–14.99). Conversely, receiving rivaroxaban at admission (aOR: .23, 95% CI: .11–.51) and having a medium or high bleeding risk (ORBIT score ≥3) (aOR: .46, 95% CI: .25–.84) decreased the likelihood of correction.ConclusionHospitalisation improved OAC therapy appropriateness; however, 51.0% of patients admitted with inappropriate therapy continued without correction. An intervention that enhances the hospital care team correcting inappropriate OAC therapy is warranted.
The Plausibility of Klafki's Model of Exemplary Teaching
Authors: Moilanen Antti 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this article Antti Moilanen assesses criticisms of Wolfgang Klafki's model of exemplary teaching made by Meinert Meyer and Hilbert Meyer and by Chi‐Hua Chu. “Exemplary teaching” is a style of discovery‐based teaching in which students study concrete examples of general principles in such a way that they acquire transferable knowledge and skills. Put differently, the aim of exemplary teaching is to foster categorical Bildung. Klafki's model of exemplary teaching is based on Martin Wagenschein's didactics and his own theory of the categorical Bildung. Here, Moilanen explicates and analyzes Klafki's theory of categorical Bildung, Wagenschein's concepts related to exemplary teaching, Klafki's conception of the conditions and principles of exemplary teaching, and criticisms of Klafki's didactics set out by Meyer and Meyer and by Chu. He then examines whether Meyer and Meyer as well as Chu have adequately understood Klafki's model of exemplary teaching and whether their criticisms are justified, concluding that their criticisms do not credibly question the validity of exemplary teaching.
The impact of modern agricultural development on wage inequality within rural areas
Authors: Li Xiaochun , Zhou Yuean 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWage inequality within rural areas refers to the wage inequality between the modern and traditional agricultural sectors. In developing countries, the development of modern agriculture is an important factor affecting this inequality. This paper establishes a general equilibrium model to investigate this impact under the framework of labor transfer. We found that capital subsidy policies for modern agriculture will be conducive to expanding the scale of modern agriculture and narrowing wage inequality within rural areas. Conversely, wage subsidies for modern agriculture would widen wage inequality within rural areas, despite facilitating the transition of traditional agricultural labor into modern agriculture.
Tribological properties and wear mechanism of short carbon fiber reinforced SiC composites against Al2O3, SiC, and Si3N4
Authors: Pan Wenqian , Xia Xizhen , Zhou Wei , Li Yang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe tribological properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced silicon carbide composites (C/C‐SiC) were investigated under loads of 30 and 50 N using a reciprocating friction method. The study employed alumina, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride balls as the counterpart materials. Results indicated that under different loads, the C/C‐SiC composites paired with silicon nitride balls exhibited the highest coefficient of friction and wear volume. In contrast, those paired with alumina balls demonstrated the best comprehensive tribological performance, with a low coefficient of friction and low value of wear volume. The wear mechanisms of the different pairs were studied, revealing that the primary wear mechanisms for each pair include abrasive wear, oxidative wear, and fatigue wear.
Exosomes in the Chemoresistance of Glioma: Key Point in Chemoresistance
Authors: Guo Xu , Piao Haozhe , Sui Rui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGliomas are the most ordinary primary virulent brain tumours and commonly used clinical treatments include tumour resection, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Although significant progress has been made in recent years in progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with high‐grade gliomas, the prognosis for patients remains poor. Chemoresistance refers to the phenomenon of decreased sensitivity of tumour cells to drugs, resulting in reduced or ineffective drug efficacy, and is an important cause of failure of tumour chemotherapy. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle, are secreted by cancer cells and various stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and transfer their inclusions to cancer cells, increasing chemoresistance. Furthermore, depletion of exosomes reverses certain detrimental effects on tumour metabolism and restores sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we summarised the correlation between exosomes and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in glioma patients, the mechanisms of action of exosomes involved in resistance and their clinical value. We aimed to afford new thoughts for research, clinical diagnosis and intervention in the mechanisms of chemoresistance in glioma patients.
Ridge Augmentation Using a Self‐Retaining Block Bone Material in Damaged Extraction Sockets: A Multi‐Centre Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Park Shinyoung , Lee Joo‐Yeon , Park Jin‐Young , Song Young Woo , Cha Jae‐Kook , Strauss Franz J. , Shin Seung‐Yun , Lim Hyun‐Chang , Jung Ronald E. , Jung Ui‐Won , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo compare the dimensional stability of a self‐retaining synthetic block bone (srBB) and synthetic bone particles (SBP) for alveolar ridge augmentation (ARA) in damaged extraction sockets.Materials and MethodsARA was randomly performed in two centres on 57 participants presenting damaged extraction socket in a non‐molar tooth: (i) srBB and collagen membrane (srBB group, n = 29) or (ii) SBP and collagen membrane (SBP group, n = 28). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed immediately after ARP (baseline, T0) and at 6 months (T1). T0 and T1 CBCTs were superimposed, and horizontal widths (H0–H5), vertical heights and volume changes were assessed using t‐test.ResultsDue to wound dehiscence, srBB was removed in 10 patients. The change in horizontal width at the most coronal level (H0) was significantly lower for srBB compared to SBP (srBB: 0.8 ± 1.0 mm; SBP: 1.9 ± 2.2 mm, p < 0.05). Significantly less volume decrease was seen at the bucco‐coronal level for srBB (srBB: 3.2 ± 0.6 mm3; SBP: 10.4 ± 2.3 mm3, p < 0.05).ConclusionCompared to synthetic bone particles, synthetic bone blocks have the potential to more effectively augment and maintain the coronal horizontal dimension and width of damaged extraction sockets for up to 6 months. However, this advantage is offset by their relatively high rates of early wound dehiscence.Trial Registration: Korean Clinical Research information service (CRIS) (KCT0005462)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Firm Value: International Evidence on the Role of CSR Assurance
Authors: Choi Ahrum , Jin Lan , Rezaee Zabihollah , Zhou Gaoguang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA growing number of companies around the world have started publishing corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. However, the sustainability literature remains inconclusive as to whether CSR assurance enhances the credibility of these reports, improves stakeholder trust, and ultimately boosts firm value. Analyzing a global sample of 39,776 firm‐year observations from 2002 to 2019, we present robust evidence that CSR assurance positively influences investors' valuation of CSR efforts. Furthermore, auditor‐provided CSR assurance is found to have a greater impact on CSR valuation in countries where institutions are more conducive to opaque financial reporting. Our analysis further reveals that improved financial performance and better financial reporting quality are the main mechanisms behind this effect. Finally, the impact of CSR assurance is found to be more significant in countries with weaker legal institutions and CSR norms.