bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holocene biogeography of the southwestern European white‐toothed shrew (Crocidura iculisma, Eulipotyphla) through its fossil record
Authors: Domínguez‐García Ángel C. , Álvarez‐Vena Adrián , Laplana César , Sevilla Paloma , Román Jacinto , Bisbal‐Chinesta Josep Francesc , Calzada Javier , Galindo‐Pellicena M. Ángeles , Benítez De Lugo Enrich Luis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCrocidura iculisma(=C.suaveolens) is a shrew (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla) showing a fragmented distribution limited to the Iberian Peninsula, southern and western France and northwestern Italy. Although it has been in the Iberian Peninsula since the Middle Pleistocene, its biogeographical history remains poorly known.Here, we provide new data onCrocidura iculismafrom the Castillejo del Bonete site (southern Spain) dated as 3.8–3.6 cal kyr BP. At the same time, we analyse changes in its geographic distribution based on its palaeontological record.We have reviewed thoroughly the Holocene record ofCrocidura iculismain southwestern Europe, considering independently the three time intervals according to the stages defined for this geological time series (Greenlandian, Northgrippian and Meghalayan). Whenever found together in fossil sites, the relative abundance of the two sympatric shrews of the genusCrocidura(Crocidura russulaandCrocidura iculisma) was analysed. The data obtained concerning past distribution range and relative abundance were compared with the current status of the species in Iberia to interpret changes through time.The distribution range of the southwestern European white‐toothed shrew in the Iberian Peninsula has notably reduced over time until today. The occurrence at Castillejo del Bonete and other palaeontological records located beyond its current distribution range show that it was distributed in several areas of the eastern part and southern interior of Iberia, at least until the second half of the Meghalayan. Relative abundance patterns observed in the fossil assemblages suggest that competitive exclusion byCrocidura russulaand climatic changes played a crucial role in driving the extirpation ofCrocidura iculismafrom a substantial portion of the Iberian Peninsula.
Characterization of bulk interior and fusion crust of Calama 009 L6 ordinary chondrite
Authors: Petrova E. V. , Chukin A. V. , Varga G. , Dankházi Z. , Leitus G. , Felner I. , Kuzmann E. , Homonnay Z. , Grokhovsky V. I. , Oshtrakh M. I. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFragment of Calama 009 L6 ordinary chondrite recovered in the Atacama Desert was chosen for a complex study of the bulk interior and the fusion crust by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), magnetization measurements, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. SEM demonstrated the presence of Fe‐Ni‐Co grains, troilite and chromite inclusions in both the bulk interior and the fusion crust as well as many veins with ferric compound. EDS showed variations in the Ni concentration within the metal grains and within one metal phase in the grain. XRD revealed some differences in the contents of various phases in the bulk interior and in the fusion crust. XRD indicated the presence of magnesioferrite in the fusion crust as well as the formation of goethite nanoparticles with the mean size of 9 nm in both the bulk interior and the fusion crust. Magnetization measurements demonstrated the ferrimagnetic–paramagnetic phase transition in chromite at 44 K and low values of the saturation magnetization moments (6.46 and 3.26 emu g−1 at 100 K) for the bulk interior and the fusion crust, respectively, due to the lack of Fe‐Ni‐Co alloy as a result of weathering. The Mössbauer spectra of the bulk interior and the fusion crust showed some differences in the number and relative areas of spectral components. The revealing of the Mössbauer spectral components related to 57Fe in the M1 and M2 sites in olivine and orthopyroxene as well as determining the Fe2+ occupations of these sites from XRD permitted us to estimate the temperature of equilibrium cation distribution for these silicates which are (i) 662 K (XRD) and 706 K (Mössbauer spectroscopy) for olivine and (ii) 893 K (XRD) and 910 K (Mössbauer spectroscopy) for orthopyroxene.
The ephemeral microbiota: Ecological context and environmental variability drive the body surface microbiota composition of Magellanic penguins across subantarctic breeding colonies
Authors: Ochoa‐Sánchez Manuel , Acuña‐Gómez E. Paola , Moraga Claudio A. , Gaete Katherine , Acevedo Jorge , Eguiarte Luis E. , Souza Valeria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnvironmental microbes routinely colonize wildlife body surface microbiota. However, animals experience dynamic environmental shifts throughout their daily routine. Yet, the effect of ecological shifts in wildlife body surface microbiota has been poorly explored. Here, we sequenced the hypervariable region V3–V4 of the 16S rRNA gene to characterize the body surface microbiota of wild Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) under two ecological contexts: (1) Penguins walking along the coast and (2) Penguins sheltered underground in their nest, across three subantarctic breeding colonies in the Magellan Strait, Chile. Despite ecological contexts, our results revealed that Moraxellaceae bacteria were the most predominant and abundant taxa associated with penguin body surfaces. Nevertheless, we detected colony‐specific core bacteria associated with penguin bodies. The most abundant were: Deinococcus in the Contramaestre colony, Fusobacterium in the Tuckers 1 colony, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in the Tuckers 2 colony. Our results give a new perspective on the niche environmental hypothesis for wild seabirds. First, the ecological characteristics of each colony were associated with the microbial communities from the nest soil and the body surface of penguins inside the nests. For example, in the colonies with heterogenous vegetation cover (i.e. the Tuckers Islets), there was a similar microbial composition between the nest soil and the body surface of penguins. In contrast, on the more arid colony (Contramaestre), we detected differences in the microbial communities between the nest soil and the body surface of penguins.
Pain is a cardinal symptom cutting across Rome IV anatomical categories in disorders of gut‐brain interaction: A network‐based approach
Authors: Burton‐Murray Helen , Guadagnoli Livia , Vanzhula Irina A. , Brown Tiffany A. , Sperber Ami D. , Palsson Olafur , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Staller Kyle 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionDisorders of gut‐brain interaction (DGBI) are symptom‐based disorders categorized by anatomic location but have high overlap and heterogeneity. Viewing DGBI symptoms on a spectrum (i.e. dimensionally) rather than categorically may better inform interventions to accommodate complex clinical presentations. We aimed to evaluate symptom networks to identify how DGBI symptoms interact.MethodsWe used the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire continuously/ordinally scored items collected from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study. We excluded participants who reported ≥1 organic/structural gastrointestinal disorder(s). We sought to (1) identify core symptoms in the DGBI symptom networks, (2) identify bridge pathways between Rome IV diagnostic categories (esophageal, bowel, gastroduodenal, anorectal), and (3) explore how symptoms group together into communities.ResultsOf 54,127 adults, 20,229 met criteria for at least one DGBI (age mean = 42.2 ± 15.5; 57% female). General abdominal pain and epigastric pain were the core symptoms in the DGBI symptom network (i.e., had the strongest connections to other symptoms). Pain symptoms emerged as bridge pathways across existing DGBI diagnostic anatomic location (i.e., abdominal pain connected to chest pain, epigastric pain, rectal pain). Without a priori category definitions, exploratory network community analysis showed that symptoms grouped together into “pain,” “gastroduodenal,” and “constipation,” rather than into groups by anatomic location.ConclusionOur findings suggest pain symptoms are central and serve as a key connection to other symptoms, crosscutting anatomic location. Future longitudinal research is needed to test symptom network relations longitudinally and investigate whether targeting pain symptoms (rather than anatomic‐ or disorder‐specific symptoms) has clinical impact.
Scavenging H2O2 of plant host by saliva catalase of leafhopper vector benefits viral transmission
Authors: Zhang Hongxiang , Chi Yunhua , Chen Siyu , Lv Xinwei , Jia Dongsheng , Chen Qian , Wei Taiyun 
Published: July 2024

Summary

Catalase (CAT) is the main reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐scavenging enzyme in plants and insects. However, it remains elusive whether and how insect saliva CAT suppresses ROS‐mediated plant defense, thereby promoting initial virus transmission by insect vectors.

Here, we investigated how leafhopper Recilia dorsalis catalase (RdCAT) was secreted from insect salivary glands into rice phloem, and how it was perceived by rice chaperone NO CATALASE ACTIVITY1 (OsNCA1) to scavenge excessive H2O2 during insect‐to‐plant virus transmission.

We found that the interaction of OsNCA1 with RdCAT activated its enzymatic activity to decompose H2O2 in rice plants during leafhopper feeding. However, initial insect feeding did not significantly change rice CATs transcripts. Knockout of OsNCA1 in transgenic lines decreased leafhopper feeding‐activated CAT activity and caused higher H2O2 accumulation. A devastating rice reovirus activated RdCAT expression and promoted the cosecretion of virions and RdCAT into leafhopper salivary cavities and ultimately into the phloem. Virus‐mediated increase of RdCAT secretion suppressed excessive H2O2, thereby promoting host attractiveness to insect vectors and initial virus transmission.

Our findings provide insights into how insect saliva CAT is secreted and perceived by plant chaperones to suppress the early H2O2 burst during insect feeding, thereby facilitating viral transmission.
Adult xanthogranuloma in oral cavity and ultrasound‐guided resection surgery: A case report
Authors: de Sousa Rafael Aguiar , Figueiredo Pedro Henrique Almeida , de Paiva Rejane Christina Lopes , Naves Marcelo Drummond , Rocha Tânia de Carvalho , e Silva Micena Roberta Miranda Alves 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo present a rare case of xanthogranuloma affecting the oral cavity of an adult man and to highlight the utility of ultrasound in demonstrating its sonographic features and guiding the surgical procedure.Materials and MethodsDescription of a rare case of oral xanthogranuloma in an adult patient, with treatment performed using ultrasound. This tool provides safety as it functions as a real‐time imaging technique that can be utilized during surgeries without exposing the patient to radiation.ResultsThe case exhibited oral xanthogranuloma as a hypoechoic image with poorly defined borders.ConclusionUltrasound is an excellent tool for aiding diagnostic investigation and during surgical procedures, serving as a surgical guide that ensures accuracy and safety. Additionally, ultrasound is a portable, practical and accessible examination, proving to be indispensable in certain clinical and hospital settings.
Birth Intention Status and Infant Mortality: Fixed‐Effects Analysis of 60 Countries
Authors: Väisänen Heini , Batyra Ewa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMost studies on the impact of birth intentions on children's well‐being do not separate risks of infant mortality associated with pregnancy intention status from the risks that are associated with sociodemographic characteristics. There is a lack of studies taking a multicountry comparative perspective. We analyzed 60 Demographic and Health Surveys in Asia, the Americas, and Africa to examine the association between birth intentions and infant mortality using sibling fixed‐effects linear probability models accounting for confounding due to time‐invariant maternal characteristics. Compared to wanted births, the probability of infant mortality was higher after an unwanted or mistimed birth, or both, in 41 countries. Particularly in West Africa, mostly mistimed pregnancies were associated with infant mortality, whereas in the Americas unwanted pregnancies mattered more. These differences could be partly due to contextual variation in the concept of birth intentions and in the importance of birth spacing and limiting. We show that the risk of infant mortality after an unwanted/mistimed pregnancy was higher in countries with low human development index and high overall infant mortality rate, highlighting the importance of taking context into account rather than pooling data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large‐scale, cross‐regional, and cross‐country comparative study to analyze the association between birth intentions and infant mortality using a fixed‐effects approach.
Genome size and chromosome number variation in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) families and phenotypically contrasting Saccharum genotypes
Authors: García José M. , Andrada Aldo R. , Erazzú Luis E. , Acevedo Alberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModern sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) cultivars originated from an intricate hybridization process, resulting in complex polyploid and aneuploid genomes. Flow cytometry (FCM), which has emerged as a precise and fast method for research on genome size in plants, has potential to unveil key aspects of sugarcane cytogenetics. In this study, FCM probes were conducted to estimate 2C DNA content in 175 Saccharum genotypes embracing phenotypically contrasting canes (commercial cultivars, energy‐cane hybrids, and a Saccharum spontaneum accession) and full‐sib sugarcane families. FCM‐mediated DNA content estimates exhibited high accuracy in predicting chromosome numbers, offering a time‐efficient alternative to classical cytogenetic procedure. Low‐magnitude correlations detected between DNA content and phenotypic traits suggest that indirect selection of agronomic traits using FCM‐mediated DNA content estimates may not be efficient. DNA content variation patterns in sugarcane families varied according to the crossing, and revealed transgressive variations associated with rampant aneuploidy. Altogether, the findings uncover that loss or gain of genetic material constitutes a source of high genetic variability that may substantially impact on crop breeding.
The elusive BAP1 mutation in pediatric melanocytic tumors
Authors: Moustafa Danna , Mologousis Mia A. , Duncan Lyn M. , Hawryluk Elena B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCutaneous BAP1‐inactivated melanocytomas (BIM) are melanocytic proliferations defined histopathologically by an epithelioid, predominantly dermal melanocytic proliferation with loss of BAP1, and have been largely characterized in adult patients but less well‐described in pediatric cohorts. BIM share overlapping histological features with those seen in Spitz nevi; however, unlike Spitz nevi, the majority of BIM carry both BAP1 and BRAFV600E mutations. This study investigated the potential overlap of BIMs with pediatric Spitz nevi by performing immunohistochemical staining of BAP1 and BRAFV600E on pediatric melanocytic tumors with banal Spitz and dermal features. None of the stained tumors in our study exhibited the concurrent BAP1 loss and BRAFV600E positivity that are characteristic of adult BIM, suggesting that this is a low‐frequency mutation among banal tumors in the pediatric population.
The incidence and factors associated with dysnatremia in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis
Authors: Chaiyapak Thanaporn , Sommai Kanokwan , Banluetanyalak Pantira , Sumboonnanonda Achra , Pattaragarn Anirut , Piyaphanee Nuntawan , Lomjansook Kraisoon , Thunsiribuddhichai Yarnarin , Supavekin Suroj 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of dysnatremia in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis varies, and factors associated with either dysnatremia or hyponatremia at presentation have not been identified clearly.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients aged 1 month to 18 years hospitalized for community‐acquired acute gastritis/gastroenteritis from January to October 2016. Factors associated with dysnatremia at presentation were identified using multivariable analysis.ResultsAmong the 304 children included, the median age was 2.2 (1.0, 4.2) years. The incidence of dysnatremia at presentation was 17.1% (hyponatremia 15.8%; hypernatremia 1.3%). Patients who had moderate (p = 0.03) and severe dehydration (p = 0.04) and presented with vomiting and diarrhea simultaneously (p = 0.03) were associated with dysnatremia at presentation. Patients presented with vomiting and diarrhea simultaneously was associated with hyponatremia at presentation (p = 0.02).ConclusionsDysnatremia was common in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis. Moderate to severe dehydration and the presence of vomiting and diarrhea simultanously were significantly associated with dysnatremia at presentation. Furthermore, presenting with vomiting and diarrhea silmutaneously was associated with hyponatremia at presentation. Serum electrolytes should be monitored in patients with those conditions.
Credences for strict conditionals
Authors: Willer Malte 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLess‐than‐certain conditional judgments pose notorious problems for strict analyses of conditionals: across their various incarnations, these analyses have trouble making sense of how conditionals could have non‐trivial probabilities in the first place; minimal constraints on how such probabilities are to be assigned, moreover, lead to results that seem at odds with a strict outlook on the semantics of conditionals, most notably the validity of Conditional Excluded Middle. I demonstrate that a strict analysis can overcome the trouble if couched in a bilateral dynamic setting that properly extends the familiar Ramsey test for accepting conditionals to other iffy attitudes, most importantly the one of rejecting a conditional. The resulting framework accommodates the appeal of Stalnaker's thesis as well as of Conditional Excluded Middle in a strict setting. A discussion of how to handle the probability of epistemically modalized conditionals and of compounds of conditionals is provided.
PbbHLH137 interacts with PbGIF1 to regulate pear fruit development by promoting cell expansion to increase fruit size
Authors: Sha Guangya , Cheng Jingjing , Wang Xue , Xue Qiyang , Zhang Haiqi , Zhai Rui , Yang Chengquan , Wang Zhigang , Xu Lingfei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe regulation of fruit development is a complex process and a core issue in the fruit tree industry. To investigate the role of PbGIF1 in pear fruit development, we identified a transcription factor PbbHLH137 that regulates pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) fruit development by screening a yeast library constructed from fruit cDNA. Yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), and split luciferase complementation (split‐LUC) assays were performed to confirm the PbbHLH137–PbGIF1 interaction. By tracing the complete fruit development process, we found that PbbHLH137 expression was closely related to fruit size and highly involved at the late pear fruit development stage. Transgenic experiments showed that heterologous expression of PbbHLH137 or PbGIF1 promoted fruit enlargement. PbbHLH137 promoted mainly the expansion of fruit cell volume, whereas PbGIF1 mainly increased the number of cells. Further LUC experiments demonstrated that PbGIF1 promoted the transcriptional activation ability of PbbHLH137. Our work identified PbbHLH137 as a transcription factor that regulates fruit development, and showed that PbGIF1 played an ongoing role during fruit development, making it a candidate gene for genetic improvement of pear fruit development.
The impact of state Medicaid coverage of abortion on people accessing care in three states
Authors: Heil Susan K. R. , Caglayan Koray , Castillo Graciela , Valenzuela‐Mendez Cristian , Lankford Coretta Mallery , Sgro Gina , Yang Manxi , Downing Lori , Bhalla Meera , Davis Stephanie McNally 
Published: July 2024

AbstractContextMedicaid is a major funder of reproductive health services, including family planning and pregnancy‐related care, especially for people with limited income and people of color. Federal Medicaid funds cannot be used for abortion however 16 states allow state Medicaid funds to pay for abortion. In recent years, Illinois and Maine implemented, and West Virginia discontinued, state Medicaid coverage of abortion.MethodologyWith retrospective procedure‐ and patient‐level data obtained from clinics in these three states, we used an interrupted time series design, multivariable regression models, and descriptive statistics to assess changes in procedure volume and patients' share of total procedure price (patient price).ResultsIn Maine and Illinois, implementing state Medicaid coverage of abortion contributed to an immediate overall increase in abortion access (as seen by a rise in monthly procedure volume at the time of the policy's implementation), a decrease in patient price (by 36% in Maine and 44% in Illinois) after policy implementation as compared to pre‐implementation, and overall improved access among people of color. Conversely, when West Virginia discontinued coverage, access to care decreased, patient price increased by 130%, and the share of abortion procedures among people of color decreased.ConclusionsIn the fragmented abortion access landscape of the post‐Roe era, our study provides new evidence that financial assistance offered through state Medicaid policies that cover abortion may be most helpful to those facing traditional structural inequities to access, while discontinuation of Medicaid coverage of abortion further burdens those already economically marginalized.
Amicus brief of over 300 reproductive health researchers supports mifepristone's safety and effectiveness
Authors: Barrow Amanda , Cohen Cathren , Serpico Jaclyn , Goodman Melissa , Grossman Daniel , Raifman Sarah , Upadhyay Ushma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOn January 30, 2024, over 300 researchers filed an amicus brief in FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine, a United States (US) Supreme Court case concerning the regulatory status of mifepristone, one of two drugs used in medication abortion. In this Comment we summarize the legal challenge, responses from the FDA and drug manufacturer to these challenges, oral arguments presented before the Court, and the implications of the Court's decision on access to mifepristone in the US. We also summarize the content of the accompanying amicus brief.
Anxiety is related to slower RSA oscillation during stress response and regulation
Authors: Zhang Chen , Lu Junshi , Gao Guosong , Cui Jinshi , Li Man , Zang Yinyin , Yang Jiongjiong , Wang Li 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRespiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of the parasympathetic nervous system activity, has been considered indicative of stress response and emotion regulation. However, the relationship between RSA and anxiety remains inconclusive, partly because previous research has primarily focused on static RSA levels. In this nonclinical sample (N = 75, Mage = 20.89 ± 1.72 SD, 48 males), we used a damped oscillator model to characterize RSA dynamics across 30‐s epochs while participants completed the Trier social stress test. Results showed that RSA constantly oscillated during the three periods of TSST (namely Rest, Stress, and Recovery). Importantly, slower RSA oscillation in the Stress period was related to elevated state anxiety, whereas in the Recovery period, it was related to higher trait anxiety. These findings demonstrated the dynamic nature of RSA during the whole course of stress response. Slower RSA oscillation may indicate inflexible and tardy physiological regulation which may give rise to anxiety issues.