bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Motus wearable sensor based system to accurately classify postures and movements in 3-14 aged children
Authors: Rasmussen Charlotte Lund , Hendry Danica , Thomas George , Beynon Amber , Stearne Sarah , Zabatiero Juliana , Davey Paul , Larsen Jon Roslyng , Rohl Andrew Lloyd , Straker Leon , Campbell Amity 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Robust measurements of children’s postures and movements are required to understand their impact on health and wellbeing. Recent advances in wearable sensor technology may enable the development of accurate measurements. Motus, a wearable sensor based system for surveillance of postures and movements, has shown high accuracy among adults. However, its accuracy to measure postures and movements among children is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the criterion validity of Motus to measure common postures and movements among children between 3–14 years old in a laboratory setting. We further assessed if the sex or age of children impacted accuracy.
Method
Data were collected on 48 children who attended a structured ~ 1-hour data collection session at a Curtin University laboratory with their caregivers. The session was video recorded and thigh acceleration was measured using a SENS accelerometer. Data from the accelerometer were processed and classified into nine postures and movements using the Motus software. Human-coded video provided the ground truth to calculate sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1-scores, and balanced accuracy.
Results
We observed good to very good overall accuracy (F1-score = 61.9, balanced accuracy = 81.1%) and for classifying lying, sitting, standing (ranging between 63.2–85.3%). Walking and running were classified with moderate to very good accuracy. The lowest accuracy was observed for classifying stair climbing. We found a higher accuracy for stair climbing among girls compared to boys and for older compared to younger age-groups for walking, running and stair climbing.
Conclusion
Motus showed moderate to very good accuracy for detecting lying, sitting, standing, and running among children. The system could be improved for classifying the more dynamic postures and movements (i.e. walking, running and stair climbing), particularly among younger children and developed further to measure more child-specific postures and movements.
The Effect of Hemostatic Sutures on Open Suprapubic Prostatectomy Outcomes: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Utlu Adem , Aksakallı Tugay , Çelik Feyzullah , Cinislioğlu Ahmet Emre , Demirdöğen Saban Oğuz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effect of suturing the bladderneck in benign prostatic hyperplasia surgery on bleeding parameter sand surgical outcomes.
Methods
The age, comorbidities, preoperative findings, surgical treatment techniques, peroperative and postoperative bleedingrates, blood transfusion rates, complication rates, surgery note sand postoperative patient follow-ups of the patients operated on for benign prostatic hyperplasia were taken from the patient files. Patients who were sutured to the bladder neck and those who were not were divided into two group sand compared in terms of bleeding and surgical results.
Results
A total of 170 patients were included in the study, 106 patients whounder went bladder neck suturing and 64 patients who did not undergo bladder neck suturing. While the mean operation time in hemostatic suture applied group 84.2 ± 7.8 minutes, this time was 61.4 ± 6.3 minutes hemostatic suture not applied group. (p < 0.001)The mean decrease in hemoglobin levels at the 2nd postoperative hour in the suturing group was observed to be greater than in the non-suturing group (2.1 g/dl,2 g/dl, respectively). There was no statistical difference in postoperative blood transfusion rates (15.1%,15.6%, respectively, p = 0.137). Postoperative complications and follow-updata were similar for bothgroup. Bladder neck contracture was higher rate (7.5%vs.3.1%) in hemostatic suture applied group but ıt was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Application of hemostatic suture prolongs the operation time of open prostatectomy without affecting bleeding parameter sand postoperative results. For this reason, open prostatectomy surgery is a surgical method that can be performed safely without applying sutures.
Immunotherapy or targeted therapy versus best supportive care for advanced gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Meade Adriana , Santero Marilina , Savall-Esteve Olga , Bracchiglione Javier , Leache Leire , Selva Anna , Macias Ismael , Cerdà Paula , Bonfill Xavier 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the efficacy and safety of non-chemotherapy anticancer drugs (ACDs) compared to best supportive care (BSC) or placebo for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC).
Methods
Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) searching (May 2022) MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Epistemonikos, ClinicalTrials.gov and PROSPERO. Certainty of evidence was evaluated following GRADE.
Results
Six RCTs included. Targeted therapies likely result in a slight increase in overall survival (OS) (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.75, 0.93; moderate certainty) and progression free survival (PFS) (HR 0.52, 95%CI 0.43, 0.62; moderate certainty). Toxicity had a slightly increased risk (RR 1.19, 95%CI 0.95, 1.48; low certainty). Immunotherapy also showed a likely improvement in PFS (HR 0.60, 95%CI 0.49, 0.73; moderate certainty) while toxicity showed a likely higher risk (RR 2.72, 95% CI 1.24, 5.94; moderate certainty). However, benefits in survival translated to time gains slightly over a month for OS and less than a month for PFS. No data were reported on performance status (PS), hospital admissions, or quality of life (QoL).
Conclusions
Our study suggests some survival benefits with low toxicity from these treatments, but gains are marginal. Uncertainties persist regarding their impact on QoL and outcomes for patients with poor PS. Caution is advised in treatment selection for advanced patients, who should actively participate in decision-making. Future research should include diverse patient populations and assess patient-centered outcomes with consistent comparator groups for BSC.
Registration
The study protocol was registered in OSF (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7CHX6) on 2022-04-01.
Genomic Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Human-derived Chikungunya Virus Imported from Thailand Using Amplicon-based Next-Generation Sequencing, Republic of Korea
Authors: Lee Seonghyeon , Lee Seung Soon , Kim Bohyeon , Natasha Augustine , Park Kyungmin , Lim Taehun , Kim Seong-Gyu , Byun Jae Hwan , Rajoriya Shivani , Park Jieun , Prayitno Sara Puspareni , Lee Woan , Song Jin-Won , Oh Yeonsu , Shin Kyu Sung , Kim Won-Keun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), causing Chikungunya fever (CF), is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes primarily in tropical regions. CHIKV infection poses a public health burden owing to international travel and climate change. Implementation of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) contributes to the formulation of effective public health and travel medicine policies to mitigate emerging CHIKV in non-endemic areas. A patient with CF, who traveled to Thailand, was enrolled at Sacred Chuncheon Hospital (Chuncheon, Republic of Korea). Amplicon-based NGS was performed using the patient’s sera on days 2 and 6 after hospitalization. The nearly whole genome sequence of CHIKV was recovered from day 2 post-hospitalization, while only 9% on day 6. The phylogenetic inference demonstrated that the CHIKV genotype belonged to the East/Central/South African lineage. In addition, zoonotic potential was evaluated by the machine learning model This study highlights the effectiveness of amplicon-based MinION sequencing derived from a patient who traveled from an endemic area. Precise and timely collection of patient samples is strongly correlated with genomic acquisition and genotypic identification. Therefore, this study provides insight into the active surveillance for NGS-based genomic diagnosis and characterization of emerging CHIKV outbreak in endemic and non-endemic areas.
Prognostic significance of osteosarcopenia in patients with stage IV gastric cancer undergoing conversion surgery
Authors: Hirase Yuki , Arigami Takaaki , Matsushita Daisuke , Shimonosono Masataka , Tsuruda Yusuke , Sasaki Ken , Baba Kenji , Kawasaki Yota , Ohtsuka Takao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Recently, several investigators have focused on the clinical significance of osteosarcopenia in malignancies; however, its prognostic impact on patients with gastric cancer after conversion surgery (CS) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sarcopenia, osteopenia, and osteosarcopenia in this patient population.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 24 patients with gastric cancer who underwent CS. Before CS, the skeletal muscle index at the L3 vertebra and bone mineral density at the Th11 vertebra were measured to investigate sarcopenia and osteopenia, respectively. Osteosarcopenia was defined as the coexistence of sarcopenia and osteopenia. The relationship between perioperative osteosarcopenia and patient prognosis, including clinicopathological factors, was assessed.
Results
Among the 24 patients, 9 (37%) had osteosarcopenia. Osteosarcopenia was significantly correlated with body mass index, depth of tumor invasion, and tumor stage (all p < 0.05). The median overall survival and disease-free survival after CS in patients with osteosarcopenia were significantly shorter than those in patients without osteosarcopenia (all p < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, osteosarcopenia was identified as an independent factor related to overall survival alone (p = 0.04).
Conclusion
Assessment of osteosarcopenia has clinical utility in predicting the prognosis after CS in patients with stage IV gastric cancer after chemotherapy.
Mortality from prostate cancer in the years 2007-2021 in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Authors: Claaßen Kevin , Karpinski Madeleine , Kajüter Hiltraud , Hüsing Johannes , Möller Lennart , Wellmann Ina , Grünwald Viktor , Hadaschik Boris , Albers Peter , Stang Andreas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The crude mortality rate and the lifetime mortality risk from prostate cancer in Germany are above international average. However age-standardised mortality and years of life lost per capita from prostate cancer are declining. This study analyses the mortality-related measures for the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) in Germany.
Methods
Based on the cause of death statistics and data from the NRW State Cancer Registry on 45,300 deaths in the years 2007–2021, mortality rates, the lifetime mortality risk from prostate cancer, median age at death and years of life lost are presented. Additionally, the 15 most frequent causes of death of 95,013 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer are reported.
Results
With a stable lifetime mortality risk from prostate cancer, age-standardised mortality and years of life lost per capita are decreasing while crude mortality and median age at death are increasing in NRW. Less than half of the patients die from their prostate cancer. Malignant neoplasms of the urinary bladder and other urinary organs also occur more frequently as a cause of death than it would be expected based on the age-specific risk in the total population.
Conclusions
More people in North Rhine-Westphalia are dying of prostate cancer over time due to demographic ageing alone. At the same time, the individual mortality risk has not increased and when patients die of prostate cancer, it is at an increasingly older age. However, there is an association with deaths from cancers of the lower urinary tract in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer, which could potentially be due to percutaneous radiation of the prostate but demands further evaluation.
Deep Learning-Driven Plant Disease Detection and Custom Fertilizer Formulation
Authors: Chavan(Cholke) Puja , Mahajan Parth , Patil Swarup , Patle Priyanshi , Pawar Bhagyesh , Pawar Nikita 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Plant Disease Detection aims to revolutionize agricultural management by integrating an InceptionV3 for precise, real-time detection of plant diseases with an innovative hardware system for the custom preparation of fertilizers. Traditional farming practices, plagued by inefficient resource usage, generalized disease management, and suboptimal fertilization, often lead to reduced crop health and environmental damage. Our approach leverages InceptionV3 that achieves a 97.34% accuracy rate in diagnosing various plant diseases by analyzing field images. Our custom fertilizer formulation system is designed to automatically mix two liquid fertilizers into a single, properly proportioned solution, eliminating the need for manual handling. This automated approach not only ensures precise blending but also enhances safety by preventing direct contact with potentially harmful substances. By integrating this system into agricultural practices, we aim to improve both efficiency and safety in fertilizer application. This integrated solution not only optimizes resource management but also promotes sustainable farming practices by ensuring precise nutrient application and effective disease control. The results highlight the benefits of combining advanced technologies to address agricultural challenges, advocating for their broader implementation in modern farming systems to improve crop yield and quality.
Exogenous hydrogen sulfide ameliorates memory dysfunction in post-stroke depressed mice by reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in astrocytes
Authors: Sun Yan-nan , Wang Shu-peng , Guo Zhao-hua , Shan Yu-dong , Cui Li-li , Yan Lu-chan , Zhang Li-min , Li Bao-dong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Cognitive decline is common in post-stroke depression (PSD) and has been reported to be associated with oxidative stress. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)—an antioxidant gas molecule—participates in producing the antioxidant glutathione, upregulating antioxidant signals, and maintaining mitochondrial integrity. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an H2S donor) on cognitive impairment after PSD. After subjecting middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice to chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 21 days, NaHS 0.1 mmol/kg was injected intraperitoneally daily for seven consecutive days. The forced swimming test (FST) and fear conditioning test (FC) were used to evaluate depression-like behavior and cognitive function. NaHS administration significantly reversed MCAO plus CRS-induced PSD and cognitive impairment, including increased immobility time, reduced context-related freezing time, elevated astrocytic pyroptosis indicated by interleukin-18 and cleaved caspase-1 in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3, downregulated oscillations in theta, and upregulated oscillations in gamma under FC conditions. H2S provides a new perspective for treating cognitive impairment in PSD patients.
Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma appeared at different cervical sites: a rare case report
Authors: Chen Huihui , Wang Qingqi , King Min , Huang Wei , zhang Hao , Li Jiaxin , Xu Donghan , Zhao Lin , Wu Bowen , Lin Xin , Li Liqi , Zheng Yuhong , Niu Yihao , Huang Donghui , Yan Peiyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The concurrent development of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in separate regions of the cervix is extremely rare. We report a case of HPV-related adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma occurring at distinct locations within the cervix in a patient with primary cervical cancer stage IA1.
Case presentation
A 54-year-old female patient was found to be HPV type 18 positive during a routine physical examination, with Liquid-based Cytology Test (LCT) of the cervix indicating Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS). Subsequent colposcopy-directed cervical biopsies identified mid-to-low grade squamous cell carcinoma at several locations (3, 6, 9, 12 o'clock positions and the ECC),and the clinical diagnosis was stage IA1. Preoperative comprehensive abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, including contrast enhancement, did not indicate any lymph node enlargement, and computed tomography urography of the urinary system was unremarkable. The squamous cell carcinoma antigen level was within the normal range.
On May 22, 2023, the patient underwent laparoscopic radical resection of cervical cancer under general anesthesia and the postoperative pathology indicated HPV-related squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (at 11-12 o'clock positions) and HPV-related cervical adenocarcinoma (at 1 o'clock and 3-4 o'clock positions). No cancer invasion was found in the vagina, vaginal margin, or bilateral parametrium. There was no lymphovascular, blood vessel, or nerve invasion. Immunohistochemistry: Adenocarcinoma: Ki-67(90%+), P40(-), P16(diffuse+), MLH1(+), MSH2(+), MSH6(+), PMS2(+), P53(-, mutant type), CK7(+), CEA(+), ER(-), PR(-); Squamous cell carcinoma: P40(partial+), P63(+), ki-67(90%+), CK7(+), P16(diffuse+).
Conclusions
In this instance, the concurrent manifestation of both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in the cervix, both associated with HPV infection, underscores the likely pivotal role of HPV infection in this unusual phenomenon.Proactive HPV vaccination at an early stage is an effective preventive measure, and regular cervical cancer screenings can aid in the early identification of lesions, leading to improved treatment results.
Effect of oligosaccharyl transglycosylation on the cytotoxicity of cardiac glycoside proscillaridin A and its ability to inhibit hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Wakamatsu Akira , Fujisawa Yu , Ohashi Hiroyuki , Kinoshita Takashi , Dozaki Masahito , Suda Minoru , Honda Tomoyuki , Ohashi Takao , Kajiura Hiroyuki , Ueda Keiji , Fujiyama Kazuhito , Misaki Ryo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Proscillaridin A, a cardiac glycoside, has been reported to inhibit taurocholic acid uptake via the sodium taurocholate cotransporter polypeptide, a functional receptor for hepatitis B virus (HBV), thereby directly or indirectly inhibiting HBV infection. However, the strong cytotoxicity of proscillaridin A complicates its application as a drug. This study focuses on how the glycan structure of glycosides significantly influences their functions and explores the reduction of cytotoxicity through enzymatic modification of proscillaridin A’s glycan structure. Novel glycosides featuring GN1-type oligosaccharides, derived from sialo- or asialo-N-linked glycans, were synthesized using scillaren A as an acceptor substrate. Scillaren A contains a glucose residue β1,4-linked to the rhamnose residue of proscillaridin A. The synthesis employed Endo-CC-N180H, a mutant of endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase. These novel glycosides dramatically reduced cytotoxicity and enhanced cell viability in cultured human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Monitoring of cell death revealed that necrosis by proscillaridin A was suppressed in HepG2 cells treated with the novel glycosides. Furthermore, these novel glycosides maintained an inhibitory potency against HBV infection similar to those of proscillaridin A and scillaren A. These results indicate that the transfer of N-linked glycan-derived oligosaccharides to glycosides may provide a promising platform for endowing them with novel functions for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Non-union Treatment in the arm, wrist, and fingers: A Multicenter Retrospective Study Contrasting Conventional Treatment with the Allogeneic Cortical Bone Screw (Shark Screw®)
Authors: Huber Elisabeth , Jakob Gerd , Palle Wolfgang , Borchert Gudrun H. , Pastl Klaus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The cause of pseudarthrosis is the interaction of various biological and biomechanical factors with systemic and local interactions. Successful therapy consists of a combination of optimizing mechanical stability and activating biological factors. The conventional method for treating non-union is debridement and stabilization with metal hardware. But it leads to complications and a potential second operation for hardware removal. The human allogeneic cortical bone screw (Shark Screw®) provides a close contact between allograft and host bone, which is required for revascularisation and bone healing. The Shark Screw® merges human cortical bone properties with screw stability, addressing non-union surgery principles by integrating mechanical and biological aspects.
Material and Methods: The retrospective-multi-center study included 31 patients, 11treated with the conventional method(metal hardware ± graft) and 20 patients with the Shark Screw® (±graft). Patient demographics, non-union location, autograft and/or allograft use, follow-up time, complications, union-rate, time-to-union and time-to-return to work were recorded.
Results: Follow-up was 17 months in the conventional group and 12 months in the Shark Screw® group. The union rate was 72.7% in the conventional group and 95.0% in the Shark Screw® group. Time to union was significantly shorter in the Shark Screw® group with 12 weeks in comparison to 39 weeks in the conventional group. Conclusion The Shark Screw® presents a reliable option for treating non-unions in the shoulder, forearm, hand, and fingers. It demonstrates a low complication rate. The human allogeneic cortical bone screw (Shark Screw®) combines both stability and biology with a single transplant. The socioeconomic effect is another advantage using the Shark Screw®. Level of evidence: III
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with jejunojejunal bypass surgery in patients with obesity: a correlation analysis between body weight, inflammation, glucose metabolism, and sex
Authors: Feng Feng , Gao Yuqi , Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Guiqi , Peng Liping , Liu Yunjiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Bariatric surgery, which can be performed via laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with jejunojejunal bypass (LSG + JJB), is a promising treatment for patients with obesity. However, the influencing factors in LSG and LSG + JJB surgery remain unclear.
Methods
This study included 60 patients with obesity, divided randomly into LSG group and LSG + JJB group based on the surgical type. The weight loss and diabetes remission were compared at 3 months after surgery. Blood glucose metabolism indices including fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as well as inflammatory factors were measured.
Results
We found that the hypoglycemic effect in the LSG + JJB group was significantly superior to that in the LSG group. In the LSG + JJB group, weight was associated with inflammatory factors, including IL-8 (r = 0.431, P = 0.017), TNF-α (r = 0.381, P = 0.038), IL-10 (r = 0.410, P = 0.024), and glucose metabolism indicators FBG (r = 0.360, P = 0.050) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.374, P = 0.042). In addition, we observed a correlation between inflammatory factors and glucose metabolism in this group. The operative effect was also found to correlate with sex; males showed a more optimal effect in decreasing glucose metabolism and reducing inflammatory factors than females who underwent LSG + JJB surgery.
Conclusion
LSG + JJB surgery was related to inflammation, glucose metabolism, and sex, providing valuable insights for effective treatment approaches targeting individuals with obesity.