bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension
Authors: Bondar' Irina Arkad'evna , Demin Alexander Aristarkhovich , Shabel'nikova Olesya Yur'evna , Onyanova Viktoriya Alexandrovna 
Published: April 2014

Aim. Atherosclerosis is one of the most important complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the present study, we aimed to assess the carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes patients with the arterial hypertension (AH) comorbidity. Materials and Methods. 96 patients with T2DM and AH (30M/66F, aged 53.4?5.4 years, duration of diabetes 7.7?7.5 years) and 30 hypertensive patients without diabetes (12M/18F, aged 53.1?6.0 years) were enrolled in this study. Stiffness indices for right and left common carotid arteries were assessed with noninvasive ultrasound method in both groups. Results. Difference in the intima-media thickness was statistically significant between diabetic and euglycemic patients (1.26?0.17 mm vs. 1.10?0.14 mm, respectively; p0.05), in contrast with their counterparts with longer experience of T2DM (1.27?0.17 mm vs. 1.10?0.14 mm; p
Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients treated with insulin: the advantages of continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: Klimontov Vadim Valer'evich , Tsiberkin Alexander Ivanovich , Fazullina Olga Nikolaevna , Prudnikova Marina Alekseevna , Tyan Nadezhda Viktorovna , Konenkov Vladimir Iosifovich 
Published: April 2014

Aims. To determine the incidence and risk factors for hypoglycemia in elderly insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients by means of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Materials and Methods. We observed seventy-six hospitalized patients with T2DM, aged 65 to 79 years. Treatment with basal insulin (n=36), premixed insulin (n=12) or basal-bolus insulin regimen (n=28) was followed by metformin (n=44), glimepiride (n=14) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (n=14). 2-days CGM with retrospective data analysis was performed in all patients. During CGM, three fasting and three 2-h postprandial finger-prick glucose values were obtained daily with portable glucose meter. Results. Hypoglycemia (identified as blood glucose
Cyber-Physische Produktionssysteme
Authors: Loskyll Matthias , Schlick Jochen 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
Ein wesentliches Merkmal von CPS ist das Anbieten und Nutzen von Diensten in globalen Netzwerken. Übertragen auf Produktionssysteme bedeutet dies das Entwerfen von Systemen ohne die Kenntnis der konkreten Geräte. Die Kapselung mechatronischer Prozessfunktionen und deren semantische Annotation bieten die Grundlage zur abstrakten Beschreibung von Diensten und somit zu deren ad hoc Nutzung über Systemgrenzen hinweg. Der Beitrag zeigt eine Methode zur dynamischen Orchestrierung automatisierungstechnischer Prozesse auf Basis serviceorientierter Steuerungsarchitekturen und semantischer Technologien auf.
Anforderungen an CPS aus Sicht der Automatisierungstechnik / Requirements on CPS from the Viewpoint of Automation
Authors: Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Diedrich Christian , Broy Manfred 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
Die Entwicklung von CPS zeichnet sich durch das Zusammenspiel unterschiedlicher Disziplinen, wie der Informatik und der Automatisierungstechnik (AT), aus. Methoden der Informatik versprechen einen hohen Mehrwert in der Entwicklung zukünftiger CPS, wenn sie auf die Anforderungen der AT, wie z. B. Lebenszyklusaspekte, angepasst werden. Im Folgenden werden vielversprechende Ansätze vor dem Hintergrund der Anforderungen aus der AT beleuchtet.
Fit4Service: ServiceQualität in Bibliotheken
Authors: Passarge Sven 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Dieser Artikel stellt die Initiative ServiceQualität Deutschland näher vor und erläutert, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der konkreten Umsetzung in der Stadtbibliothek Bremerhaven, die notwendigen Schritte, um das dazugehörige Q-Zertifikat zu erhalten.
Frühkindliche Förderung in Bibliotheken steht bei „Lesestart“ im Mittelpunkt
Authors: Lange Stephanie 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Frühkindliche Leseförderung ist zu einem wichtigen Feld moderner Bibliotheksarbeit geworden, bei der die Zusammenarbeit mit Netzwerkpartnern vor Ort eine große Rolle spielt. Das frühkindliche Leseförderprogramm „Lesestart – Drei Meilensteine für das Lesen“, das die Stiftung Lesen im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung durchführt, möchte Bibliotheksfachkräfte in diesem Bereich stärken. Seit November 2013 stehen die Bibliotheken als zentrale Orte kultureller Bildung im Mittelpunkt der zweiten Phase des Lesestart-Programms.
„Ich bin ein LeseHeld“ – Leseabenteuer für Jungen
Authors: Fritz Cnut 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Die Angebote von „Ich bin ein Leseheld“ sind methodisch und didaktisch auf Jungen zwischen vier und zehn Jahren abgestimmt und sollen insbesondere Jungen aus bildungsbenachteiligten Familien und/oder Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund fördern. Der Borromäusverein bildet mit Öffentlichen Büchereien und lokalen Akteuren Bündnisse für Bildung. Gemeinsam führen diese Bündnisse ein niederschwelliges Leseförderangebot in Form von Leseabenteuern durch.
Bewertung visueller Signalgestaltung in der Chirurgie mittels Eye-Tracking / Assessment of Visual Signals in Surgery
Authors: Geißler Norman , Schönwald Liane , Strauß Gero , Meixensberger Jürgen , Korb Werner , Bartz Dirk 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie ist es, die optimale Präsentationsart visueller Hinweisreize für chirurgische Assistenzsysteme zu bestimmen. Diese Hinweise können dazu dienen, dem Chirurgen verschiedene Statusinformationen zu präsentieren oder ihn an Gefahrenstellen zu warnen. Dafür müssen die Hinweise die Aufmerksamkeit des Chirurgen erregen, ohne vom eigentlichen Operationsgeschehen abzulenken. Die Studie wurde im Demonstrator-Operationssaal des Innovation Center Computer Assisted Surgery Leipzig (ICCAS) durchgeführt. Die 30 Studienteilnehmer sahen Videoausschnitte einer realen Operation aus dem Sichtfeld des Operateurs, in denen Landoltringe als Hinweisreize präsentiert wurden. Die Landoltringe wurden entweder statisch, blinkend, an- und abschwellend oder hüpfend dargestellt. Die primäre Aufgabe bestand darin, die Elemente zu zählen, die dem Situs hinzugefügt wurden. Während der Durchführung wurden die Augenbewegungen mit einem Eye-Tracker erfasst. Außerdem wurden die subjektive Einschätzung der Sichtbarkeit und der Störung durch die Landoltringe mittels strukturierter Interviews erhoben. Die blinkende Variante zeigte sich sowohl in den subjektiven Einschätzungen als auch in der Blickbewegungsanalyse als beste Wahl für einen Hinweisreiz.
Einflussfaktoren auf die Nutzung von Internetkommunikation älterer Menschen / Impact on the Use of Internetcommunication in Older Adults
Authors: Steinert Anika , Haesner Marten , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Gövercin Mehmet 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
Im Gegensatz zu anderen Altersgruppen ist die Erfassung des Kommunikationsverhaltens älterer Menschen ein bisher vernachlässigtes Thema. Dabei besitzt Kommunikation besonders für ältere Menschen eine hohe Bedeutung. Insbesondere die Kommunikation im Internet kann eine Möglichkeit bieten, den häufig im Alter auftretenden Problemen wie Einsamkeit und Isolation entgegenzuwirken. Auf Grundlage einer Literaturrecherche wurde innerhalb der vorliegenden Studie ein Fragebogen entwickelt und 150 Personen über 60 Jahre zu ihrem Kommunikationsverhalten befragt. Neben soziodemografischen Angaben wurden Daten zur Kommunikationsdauer und -häufigkeit, zu Gesprächspartner und zur Nutzung verschiedener Kommunikationswege erhoben. Zudem wurden die Probanden zu Vor- und Nachteilen verschiedener Kommunikationswege befragt. Fast 50 % der Befragten gaben an, das Internet zur Kommunikation mit anderen zu nutzen. Hierbei beeinflussen insbesondere soziodemografische Faktoren wie das Alter, das Geschlecht und der Bildungsstand die Nutzung von Internetkommunikation. Weiterhin konnte festgestellt werden, dass die tägliche Nutzung des Telefons einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Nutzung des Internets zur Kommunikation hat. Bisher wird das Internet erst von einem geringen Teil der Älteren genutzt. Um die Nutzung von Internetkommunikation in der älteren Bevölkerung zu stärken, ist es notwendig, die Faktoren zu kennen, welche diese beeinflussen.
How Mobile Devices Could Change the Face of Serious Gaming
Authors: Dutz Tim , Knöll Martin , Hardy Sandro , Göbel Stefan 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
Der Erfolg von Smartphones und Tablet-PCs hat den Markt der mobile digitalen Spiele nachhaltig beeinflusst, sowohl auf Hardware- als auch auf Softwareebene. Aktuell findet ein Verdrängungsprozess statt, in dessen Rahmen Smartphones andere Geräte für mobiles Spielen vom Markt drängen. Gleichzeitig ermöglichen Smartphones aber auch eine ganz neue Art von digitalen Spielen. In diesem Beitrag betrachten wir die möglichen Implikationen dieser Tatsache auf den Bereich des Serious Gaming.
Career in Open Source? Relevant Competencies for Successful Open Source Developers / Karriere in Open Source? Relevante Kompetenzen für erfolgreiche Open Source Entwickler
Authors: Kimmelmann Nicole 
Published: April 2014

Summary
Open Source (OS) offers new ways of career for software developers. The article describes relevant competencies in a systematic structure along characteristic principles and challenges in Open Source projects. The results are based on a Grounded Theory content analysis of interviews with Open Source software developers, their project managers and human resource managers in Open Source software companies. Implications for future Human Resource Management in software companies are presented as an outlook.
The Deductive Approach to Causal Inference
Authors: Pearl Judea 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis paper reviews concepts, principles, and tools that have led to a coherent mathematical theory that unifies the graphical, structural, and potential outcome approaches to causal inference. The theory provides solutions to a number of pending problems in causal analysis, including questions of confounding control, policy analysis, mediation, missing data, and the integration of data from diverse studies.
Integration von Strecken in die Kreisbogensplinepassung mit optimaler Segmentzahl / Detecting Straight Sections and Optimal Arc Spline Approximation
Authors: Maier Georg , Schindler Andreas , Janda Florian , Brummer Stephan 
Published: April 2014

Zusammenfassung
Viele Anwendungen erfordern eine kompakte und effiziente Kurvenrepräsentation von Daten. Kreisbogensplines - Kurven, die stückweise aus glatt aneinander gesetzten Kreisbögen und Strecken bestehen - überzeugen aus Anwendungssicht durch ihre effektive Beschreibbarkeit. Das SMAP-Verfahren garantiert unter Einhaltung einer einstellbaren maximalen Abweichung einen segmentzahl-minimalen Kreisbogenspline. Um etwa den Anforderungen bei der Erzeugung digitaler Karten gerecht zu werden, wird eine Erweiterung des Verfahrens vorgestellt, die Liniensegmente an geeigneten Stellen in die Lösungskurve integriert.
Eu-doping induced improvement on the second harmonic generation of ZnO Nanowires
Authors: Dhara Soumen , Imakita Kenji , Mizuhata Minoru , Fujii Minoru 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTWe report the Eu doping induced improvement on the second harmonic generation (SHG) of ZnO nanowires and correlates with the structural modification and corresponding linear absorption. A non-monotonic enhancement in the SHG emission is observed with the increase of Eu concentration. To understand the underlying mechanism, the effective second order non–linear coefficient (deff) is calculated from the theoretical fitting with considering the absorption effect. The highest deff (19.09±0.11 pm/V) is obtained for the 1 at.% Eu doped ZnO nanowires, which is several times larger than the standard SHG material β-BaB2O4 (BBO). Dependence of the deff with the Eu doping, structural modification and absorption magnitude are systematically discussed.
Core Blowing Process - Assessment of Core Sands Properties and Preliminary Model Testing
Authors: Dańko R. , Dańko J. , Burbelko A. , Skrzyński M. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The effects of filling the core box cavity and sand compaction in processes of core production by blowing methods (blowing, shooting) depend on several main factors. The most important are: geometrical parameters of cavity and complexity of its shape, number, distribution and shape of blowing holes feeding sands as well as the venting of a technological cavity. Values of individual parameters are selected according to various criteria, but mostly they should be adjusted to properties of the applied core sand. Various methods developed by several researchers, including the authors own attempts, allow to assess core sands properties on the basis of special technological tests projecting the process into a laboratory scale. The developed criteria defining a degree or a filling ability factor provide a better possibility of assessing the core sand behavior during flowing and core box filling, which indicate the value and structure of the obtained compacting decisive - after hardening - for strength and permeability. The mentioned above aspects are analyzed - on the basis of authors’ own examinations - in the hereby paper.
Supporting the Bronze CastingThrough Information Structuring Based on Ontology application
Authors: Górny Z. , Wilk-Kołodziejczyk D. , Smolarek-Grzyb A. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
A significant part of the knowledge used in the production processes is represented with natural language. Yet, the use of that knowledge in computer-assisted decision-making requires the application of appropriate formal and development tools. An interesting possibility is created by the use of an ontology that is understandable both for humans and for the computer. This paper presents a proposal for structuring the information about the foundry processes, based on the definition of ontology adapted to the physical structure of the ongoing technological operations that make up the process of producing castings.
The Effect of the Number of Eutectic Grains on Coating Growth During Hot Dip Galvanising of Ductile Iron Castings
Authors: Kopyciński D. , Guzik E. , Szczęsny A. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Studies were conducted on a zinc coating produced on the surface of ductile iron grade EN-GJS-500-7 to determine the eutectic grain effect. For this purpose, castings with a wall thickness of 5 to 30 mm were made and the resulting structure was examined. To obtain a homogeneous metal matrix, samples were subjected to a ferritising annealing treatment. To enlarge the reaction surface, the top layer was removed from casting by machining. Then hot dip galvanising treatment was performed at 450°C to capture the kinetics of growth of the zinc coating (in the period from 60 to 600 seconds). Analysing the test results it was found that within the same time of hot dip galvanising, the differences in the resulting zinc coating thickness on samples taken from castings with different wall cross-sections were small but could, particularly for shorter times of treatment, reduce the continuity of the alloyed layer of the zinc coating.
Directional Solidification of AlSi Alloys with Fe Intermetallic Phases
Authors: Mikołajczak P. , Ratke L. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Directional solidification technique is an important research instrument to study solidification of metals and alloys. In the paper the model [6,7,8] of directional solidification in special Artemis-3 facility was presented. The current work aimed to propose the ease and efficient way in calibrating the facility. The introduced M coefficient allowed effective calibration and implementation of defined thermal conditions. The specimens of AlSi alloys with Fe-rich intermetallics and especially deleterious β-Al5FeSi were processed by controlled solidification velocity, temperature gradient and cooling rate.
Recovery of Tellurium From Sodium Carbonate Slag
Authors: Kucharski M. , Madej P. , Wedrychowicz M. , Sak T. , Mróz W. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This study is devoted to tellurium recovery from sodium carbonate slag, formed in the fire refining process of crude silver. The slag was modified by silica additions and then reduced by carbon oxide. The degree of the slag modification was defined by the parameter kw:

where:ni- the mole numbers of silica, sodium carbonate and sodium oxide. The compositions of the investigated slag determined by the parameter kw and the mole fraction of the tellurium oxide (xTeO2 ) are given in the following Table.

The reduction of tellurium was very fast for all the investigated slags, which was manifested by an almost complete conversion of CO into CO2. Unfortunately, at the same time, a side reaction took place, and as a results sodium telluride was formed, which reported to the slag:
(Na2O)slag + Te(g) + CO = (Na2Te)slag + CO2
The tellurium content in the reduced slag decreases as the parameter kw increases, and only the slag with the kw equal unity was suitable for the tellurium recovery in form of dusts, containing more than 76 wt-% tellurium.
Severe Plastic Deformation Induced in Al, Al-Si, Ag and Cu by Hydrostatic Extrusion
Authors: Kulczyk M. , Przybysz S. , Skiba J. , Pachla W. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The study was concerned with the effect of severe deformation induced in one pass, by hydrostatic extrusion on the properties of fine aluminum, aluminum-silicon alloy, copper and silver wires. The influence of adiabatic heating which takes place during deformation on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the wires was examined. The quality of the surface of the wires was estimated. It has been demonstrated that fine aluminum and silver wires processed by hydrostatic extrusion have very good mechanical properties and a high-quality surface.
Comparison of Energy Absorption Properties of High Nitrogen Austenitic Steel and Cast Alloy Determined Using Low Velocity Perforation Test
Authors: Mocko W. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The results of energy absorbing analysis of VP159 austenitic steel and LH556 cast alloy were presented in this article. The assessment was carried out on the basis of drop-weight tower perforation test at impact energy equal to 500J and striker velocity equal to 12,5 m/s. Moreover, the basic mechanical properties of both tested materials were estimated in order to calibrate coefficients of the Johnson-Cook visco-plasticity model and Johnson-Cook damage initialization criterion as well. Subsequently, both models were applied for the finite element method simulation of perforation process. The reasonable agreement between measured and calculated shape of energy absorption curves were obtained for steel and cast alloy as well.
Research on the Electrical Conductivity of Fluoride Electrolytes NaF - AlF3 - CaF2 in Liquid and Solid State
Authors: Palimaka P. , Pietrzyk S. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The main aim of the present work was to perform conductivity measurement of fluoride electrolytes in binary system Na3AlF6- CaF2 and ternary system Na3AlF6- AlF3 - CaF2. The experiments were done in a wide range of temperature (580-1300 K), including the liquid and solid phase. Temperature dependencies of the conductivity of the liquid and solid cryolite mixtures with CaF2 (2, 4 and 6 wt %) and ternary solution (88 wt % Na3AlF6 - 8 wt % AlF3 -4 wt % CaF2) were determined by an A.C. two-electrodes technique. The simultaneous measurements of conductivity and temperature were made in 1min steps during heating and cooling of the sample with rate 0,5 K·min-1. It was confirmed, that the addition of CaF2 to liquid electrolyte decreases its electrical conductivity and liquidus temperature, whereas addition of aluminium fluoride up to 4 wt % in solid state has the inverse influence on conductivity. The studied ternary system showed the highest conductivity in the solid state at temperatures up to phase transition α-β in solid cryolite (ca. 780 K). This may be due to the formation of a solid solution of NaCaAlF6 in -Na3AlF6 and the formation of cationic vacancies, which facilitate the transport of electrical charge.
Characterization of Alumina Scale Formed on FeCrAl Steel
Authors: Reszka K. , Morgiel J. , Zurek Z. , Jaron A. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
In this paper the morphology of the oxide scale formed at 850°C on the foil surface of FeCrAl steel is described. Two types of samples have been used: one covered with an Al nano-layer and the second without. Microscopic observations of the cross-sections of scales have demonstrated that in the case of foil without Al nano-layer there is a remnant of an amorphous Al2O3 nano-layer, from which γ and θ crystallites of Al2O3 have been grown. In the case of foil covered with the Al nano-layer, α-Al2O3 phase is present and θ-phase forms a forest of whiskers on the surface.
Effect of Temperature on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Mechanically Alloyed Al-Nio Composite
Authors: Zygmunt-Kiper M. , Blaz L. , Sugamata M. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Mechanical alloying of high-purity aluminum and 10 wt.% NiO powders combined with powder vacuum compression and following hot extrusion method was used to produce an Al-NiO composite. Mechanical properties of as-extruded materials as well as the samples annealed at 823 K /6 h, were tested by compression at 293 K - 770 K. High mechanical properties of the material were attributed to the highly refined structure of the samples. It was found that the structure morphology was practically not changed during hot-compression tests. Therefore, the effect of deformation temperature on the hardness of as-deformed samples was very limited. The annealing of samples at 823 K/6 h induced a chemical reaction between NiO-particles and surrounding aluminum matrix. As a result, the development of very fine aluminum oxide and Al3Ni grains was observed.
Model Approach of Carbon Deposition Phenomenon in Steam and Dry Methane Reforming Process
Authors: Kaczmarczyk R. , Gurgul S. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
This paper presents thermodynamic conditions for carbon deposition in steam and dry methane reforming process. Ranges of substrate concentrations and temperatures for creating carbon deposition were specified in an analytical form. In the description of the conversion of methane CH4-H2O and CH4-CO2 parametric equations were used, which allowed to define equilibrium composition of the process. The article formulates the basic assumptions of parametric equations models and their use to describe the course of the homogeneous reactions. The results may provide a model basis for the description of properties of the mixed reforming process CH4-H2O-CO2.