bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trimetazidine prevents macrophage‐mediated septic myocardial dysfunction via activation of the histone deacetylase sirtuin 1
Authors: Chen Jing , Lai Jinsheng , Yang Lei , Ruan Guoran , Chaugai Sandip , Ning Qin , Chen Chen , Wang Dao Wen 
Published: November 2015

Background and PurposeSepsis is a systemic inflammatory response accompanied by excessive production of inflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular dysfunction. Importantly, macrophage‐derived pro‐inflammatory agents play a key role in cardiovascular impairment in sepsis. Here we have investigated the effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) on pro‐inflammatory responses of macrophages in endotoxin‐induced myocardial dysfunction.Experimental ApproachMice pretreated with TMZ were injected i.p. with LPS and cardiac function evaluated. Levels of macrophage infiltration, macrophage inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were measured using immunohistochemical staining, elisa, real‐time RT‐PCR, Western blot, TUNEL and flow cytometry assays.Key ResultsPretreatment with TMZ prevented LPS‐induced myocardial dysfunction and apoptosis. TMZ also lowered levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in serum and cardiac tissue and myocardial macrophage infiltration. Bone marrow transplantation indicated that TMZ alleviated LPS‐induced myocardial dysfunction via decreasing macrophage infiltration. TMZ reduced expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in LPS‐stimulated cardiac and peritoneal macrophages. Co‐culture of TMZ‐pretreated macrophages with cardiomyocytes and conditioned media from TMZ‐pretreated macrophages both decreased LPS‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The anti‐apoptosis effects of TMZ resulted from decrease of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, partly due to normalizing the sirtuin 1 (Sirt1)/AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Nrf2/haem oxygenase‐1 and Sirt1/PPARα pathways in macrophages. Cytokine secretion was also regulated by ROS, which were attenuated by TMZ via activation of Sirt1, AMPK and PPARα.Conclusions and ImplicationsTMZ protected against LPS‐induced myocardial dysfunction and apoptosis, accompanied by inhibition of macrophage pro‐inflammatory responses. Our studies suggest that TMZ might represent a novel therapeutic agent to prevent and treat sepsis‐induced myocardial dysfunction.
Collagenase 1A2 (COL1A2) gene A/C polymorphism in relation to severity of dental fluorosis
Authors: Escobar‐García Diana , Mejía‐Saavedra Jesús , Jarquín‐Yáñez Lizet , Molina‐Frechero Nelly , Pozos‐Guillén Amaury 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the putative association between the presence of the COL1A2 gene A/C polymorphism and the severity of dental fluorosis in a sample exposed to high concentrations of fluoride.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out that included 80 children residing in a community with high concentrations of fluoride in the drinking water. To determine whether the presence of this polymorphism and dental fluorosis are associated, the presence of the dental fluorosis was considered to be a response variable, while fluoride concentration in water and urine was designated as independent variables. In addition, the children's parents completed questionnaires with general information about drinking and cooking with tap water, consumption of milk and soft drinks, and other putative risk factors.ResultsIndividuals with the polymorphism had nonsignificant odds (OR = 2.24; 95% CI = 0.55–9.02) of having dental fluorosis at higher exposures to fluoride. This finding was similar in individuals without the polymorphism (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 0.44–6.17).ConclusionsThe presence of polymorphism in the COL1A2 gene was not associated with the severity of dental fluorosis.
Contact dermatitis as an adverse reaction to some topically used European herbal medicinal products – Part 3: Mentha × piperita – Solanum dulcamara
Authors: Calapai Gioacchino , Minciullo Paola L. , Miroddi Marco , Chinou Ioanna , Gangemi Sebastiano , Schmidt Richard J. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryThis review focuses on contact dermatitis as an adverse effect of a selection of topically used herbal medicinal products for which the European Medicines Agency has completed an evaluation up to the end of November 2013 and for which a Community herbal monograph – now (since 2015)† called a European Union herbal monograph – has been produced. Part 3: Mentha × piperita L.–Solanum dulcamara L.
Allergic contact dermatitis in children: trends in allergens, 10 years on. A retrospective study of 500 children tested between 2005 and 2014 in one UK centre
Authors: Smith Vanessa M. , Clark Sheila M. , Wilkinson Mark 
Published: November 2015

SummaryBackgroundContact allergy in children is becoming increasingly recognized as a cause of eczema. The causal agents may change with time, but there are few comparative data for this age group.ObjectivesTo compare data from the past 10 years with a similar study from the previous decade.MethodsBetween 2005 and 2014, 500 consecutive children who had been patch tested at Leeds Teaching Hospitals were identified, and the results were reviewed.ResultsTwenty‐seven per cent (134 cases) of children had one or more positive patch test findings. The mean ± standard deviation age of patients with a positive test reaction was 11.9 ± 4.1 years, which was significantly higher than that of patients with a negative result (10.9 ± 4.0 years) (p = 0.01; Mann–Whitney U‐test). No significant relationship between sex and a positive patch test result was found (p = 0.48, chi‐squared). Allergy to nickel was the most frequent finding, although this accounted for 18%, rather than 33% (1995–2004), of all positive reactions. The next most common allergens included fragrance mix 1 (17%), p‐phenylenediamine (16%), and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (6%).ConclusionsAlthough the overall incidence of contact allergy in our paediatric population is static, there has been a significant change in the allergens detected, probably as a result of changes in European legislation and cosmetic product use in children.
RETRACTED: Inhibition of Rho‐kinase by Fasudil protects dopamine neurons and attenuates inflammatory response in an intranasal lipopolysaccharide‐mediated Parkinson's model
Authors: He Qing , Li Yan‐hua , Guo Si‐si , Wang Ying , Lin Wei , Zhang Qiong , Wang Jian , Ma Cun‐gen , Xiao Bao‐Guo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractMicroglia activation and inflammatory factors in brain microenvironment are associated with degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and various PD models. There is increasing evidence that the Rho/ROCK (Rho kinase) signalling pathway may play a critical role in the inflammatory response, and ROCK inhibitor has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective potential and possible mechanism of ROCK inhibitor Fasudil in an intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced PD model. ROCK was activated with LPS stimulation and inhibited by Fasudil treatment in this PD model. Behavioural tests demonstrated a clear improvement in motor performance after Fasudil treatment. Furthermore, Fasudil resulted in a significant attenuation of dopamine cell loss, α‐synuclein accumulation and inflammatory response with the reversion of inflammatory M1 to anti‐inflammatory M2 microglia, decreased NF‐кB activation, and IL‐12 and TNF‐α generation in the SN and olfactory bulb in this model. This study establishes a role for Fasudil in protecting against LPS‐mediated dopamine degeneration and provides a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PD.
Vision problems in ischaemic stroke patients: effects on life quality and disability
Authors: Sand K. M. , Wilhelmsen G. , Næss H. , Midelfart A. , Thomassen L. , Hoff J. M. 
Published: November 2015

Background and purposeVision problems after cerebral infarction are an increasingly acknowledged problem. Our aim was to investigate the effect on quality of life and post‐stroke disability.MethodsPatients admitted to the Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, between February 2006 and July 2008 with acute cerebral infarction were prospectively registered in the NORSTROKE Registry. Patients received a postal questionnaire at least 6 months after stroke. The questionnaire included 15D©, EuroQol 5D (EQ‐5D™), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the Barthel Index (BI).ResultsOf 328 responders, 83 (25.4%) reported a vision problem. Vision problems were associated with older age (71.8 years vs. 66.5 years, P = 0.001), higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission (5.9 vs. 3.8, P < 0.001), higher modified Rankin Scale day 7 (2.0 vs. 1.4, P < 0.001) and lower BI day 7 (85.7 vs. 93.9, P = 0.002). Patients with vision problems had lower median EQ‐5D utility score (0.62 vs. 0.80, P < 0.001), lower median 15D utility score (0.73 vs. 0.89, P < 0.001), higher median HADS score (12 vs. 5, P < 0.001), higher median FSS score (5.6 vs. 4.3, P < 0.001) and lower median BI (95 vs. 100, P < 0.001) on long‐term follow‐up. Patients with self‐reported vision problems scored lower on all sub‐scores of BI on follow‐up (all P < 0.001).ConclusionOne in four patients reported a vision problem on follow‐up after cerebral infarction. Vision problems after cerebral infarction reduce quality of life and are associated with increased disability. Thorough diagnostic evaluation and targeted rehabilitation is important.
Disease‐modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis – a review of approved medications
Authors: Torkildsen Ø. , Myhr K.‐M. , Bø L. 
Published: November 2015

Background and purposeThere is still no curative treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), but during the last 20 years eight different disease‐modifying compounds have been approved for relapsing−remittingMS(RRMS).MethodsA literature search was conducted on published randomized controlled phase III trials indexed in PubMed on the approved medications until 21 May 2015.ResultsIn this review the mode of action, documented treatment effects and side effects of the approvedMStherapies are briefly discussed.ConclusionsBased on current knowledge of risk−benefit of the approvedMSmedications, including factors influencing adherence, it is suggested that oral treatment with dimethyl fumarate or teriflunomide should be preferred as a starting therapy amongst the first‐line preparations forde novoRRMS. In the case of breakthrough disease on first‐line therapy, or rapidly evolving severeRRMS, second‐line therapy with natalizumab, fingolimod or alemtuzumab should be chosen based on careful risk−benefit stratification.
Antibiotic resistance: are we all doomed?
Authors: Collignon P. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is a growing and worrying problem associated with increased deaths and suffering for people. Overall, there are only two factors that drive antimicrobial resistance, and both can be controlled. These factors are the volumes of antimicrobials used and the spread of resistant micro‐organisms and/or the genes encoding for resistance. The One Health concept is important if we want to understand better and control antimicrobial resistance. There are many things we can do to better control antimicrobial resistance. We need to prevent infections. We need to have better surveillance with good data on usage patterns and resistance patterns available across all sectors, both human and agriculture, locally and internationally. We need to act on these results when we see either inappropriate usage or resistance levels rising in bacteria that are of concern for people. We need to ensure that food and water sources do not spread multi‐resistant micro‐organisms or resistance genes. We need better approaches to restrict successfully what and how antibiotics are used in people. We need to restrict the use of ‘critically important’ antibiotics in food animals and the entry of these drugs into the environment. We need to ensure that ‘One Health’ concept is not just a buzz word but implemented. We need to look at all sectors and control not only antibiotic use but also the spread and development of antibiotic resistant bacteria – both locally and internationally.
Measuring efficiency of Vietnamese public colleges: an application of the DEA‐based dynamic network approach
Authors: Tran Carolyn‐Dung T. T. , Villano Renato A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn Vietnam, public colleges play a crucial role in shaping the socioeconomic and educational development strategies and providing a skilled labor force needed for the country's market‐oriented economy. Using balanced panel data for 2011–2013, we use the integrated data envelopment analysis based dynamic network model to examine dynamic changes in efficiencies of public colleges in the education sector. This model allows simultaneously estimating efficiencies of financial and academic operations and the overall dynamic changes of colleges in a network structure. Our findings indicate that the overall efficiencies of colleges are, on average, 0.741 while the average efficiencies of the financial and academic operations are 0.722 and 0.760, respectively. Furthermore, the in‐city colleges are more efficient than others, 0.776 and 0.728, respectively.
MINERALOGY, PETROGRAPHY AND CHEMISTRY OF THE CHONDRITE, KAMIOMI, SASHIMA‐GUN, IBARAKI‐KEN, JAPAN
Authors: Okada Akihiko , Shima Masako , Murayama Sadao 
Published: November 2015

The Kamiomi, Sashima‐gun (Iwai‐shi), Ibaraki‐ken, Japan, chondrite (observed to fall in spring, during the period 1913–6), consists of olivine, orthopyroxene, nickel‐iron and troilite with minor amount of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, apatite and chromite. The average molar composition of olivine (Fa19) and orthopyroxene (Fs17) indicates that Kamiomi is a typical olivine bronzite chondrite.From the well‐recrystallized texture, the presence of poorly‐definable chondrules, homogeneous composition of olivine and absence of glass, this chondrite could be classified in petrologic type 5.The bulk chemical composition, especially, total Fe (27.33%) and metallic Fe (17.00%) as well as Fetotal/SiO2(0.72), Femetal/Fetotal (0–633) and SiO2/MgO (1.59) support the above conclusion.Coexistence of heavily‐shocked olivine grains in the matrix composed of olivines and pyroxenes which suffered from light to moderate shock effect suggest that impacting phenomena, small‐scaled but locally strong, occurred on the Kamiomi parent body.
Gingival crevicular fluid levels of protease‐activated receptors type 1 and type 2 in diabetic patients with periodontitis
Authors: Abreu I. S. , Euzebio Alves V. T. , Benedete A. P. S. , Bueno da Silva H. A. , França B. N. , Saraiva L. , Lima L. A. , Carvalho M. H. , Holzhausen M. 
Published: November 2015

Background and ObjectiveProtease activated receptor type 1 (PAR1) seems to play a role in periodontal repair, while PAR2 is associated with periodontal inflammation. As diabetes is a known risk factor for periodontal disease, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of type 2 diabetes on PAR1 and PAR2 mRNA expression in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with chronic periodontitis before and after non‐surgical periodontal treatment.Material and MethodsGingival crevicular fluid samples and clinical parameters consisting of measuring probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and plaque index were collected from systemically healthy patients and patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, at baseline and after non‐surgical periodontal therapy. PAR1 and PAR2, as well as the presence of the proteases RgpB gingipain and neutrophil proteinase‐3 were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the gingival crevicular fluid.ResultsThe periodontal clinical parameters significantly improved after periodontal therapy (p < 0.01). Diabetes led to increased expression of PAR1 in gingival crevicular fluid, and in the presence of chronic periodontitis, it significantly decreased the expression of PAR1 and PAR2 (p < 0.05). Moreover, non‐surgical periodontal treatment in diabetics resulted in increased expression of PAR1 and PAR2 (p < 0.05), and decreased expression of RgpB gingipain and proteinase‐3 (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe present data demonstrated that diabetes was associated with an altered expression of PAR1 and PAR2 in the gingival crevicular fluid cells of subjects with chronic periodontitis. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the effects of PAR1 upregulation in periodontally healthy sites and PAR2 downregulation in chronic periodontitis sites on the increased susceptibility and severity of periodontitis in diabetes.
Brachycephalic airway syndrome: a comparative study between pugs and French bulldogs
Authors: Haimel G. , Dupré G. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOBJECTIVETo compare clinical features of brachycephalic airway syndrome and long‐term surgical outcomes between pugs and French bulldogs and evaluate the influence of laryngeal collapse.METHODSThis retrospective study included 72 dogs that underwent wedge rhinoplasty and folded flap palatoplasty for brachycephalic airway syndrome. Epidemiological data, clinical signs, postoperative complications and owners’ responses to a questionnaire at least six months after surgery were compared between pugs and French bulldogs. Spearman's rank correlation tests were used for associating laryngeal collapse with age and respiratory signs before and after surgery.RESULTSOn the basis of the results of the owners’ questionnaires (available in 52/72 dogs), French bulldogs presented with lower activity levels and more severe digestive signs than pugs. Owners perceived clinical improvement in 88 · 5% of all dogs. The grades of respiratory and digestive signs were not different between the breeds in the long‐term follow‐up, and the grade of laryngeal collapse did not influence the grade of respiratory signs or surgical outcome.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCESurgical treatment resulted in improved clinical signs in pugs and French bulldogs with brachycephalic airway syndrome, with a high owner satisfaction rate. There were no correlations between the severity of laryngeal collapse and overall respiratory signs or prognosis.
Adjuvant Maneuvers for Residual Curvature Correction During Penile Prosthesis Implantation in Men with Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Berookhim Boback M. , Karpman Edward , Carrion Rafael 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Introduction
The surgical treatment of comorbid erectile dysfunction and Peyronie’s disease has long included the implantation of an inflatable penile prosthesis as well as a number of adjuvant maneuvers to address residual curvature after prosthesis placement.

Aim
To review the various surgical options for addressing curvature after prosthesis placement, with specific attention paid to an original article by Wilson et al. reporting on modeling over a penile prosthesis for the management of Peyronie’s disease.

Methods
A literature review was performed analyzing articles reporting the management of penile curvature in patients undergoing implantation of an inflatable penile prosthesis.

Main Outcome Measures
Reported improvement in Peyronie’s deformity as well as the complication rate associated with the various surgical techniques described.

Results
Modeling is a well-established treatment modality among patients with Peyronie’s disease undergoing penile prosthesis implantation. A variety of other adjuvant maneuvers to address residual curvature when modeling alone is insufficient has been presented in the literature.

Conclusions
Over 20 years of experience with modeling over a penile prosthesis have proven the efficacy and safety of this treatment option, providing the surgeon a simple initial step for the management of residual curvature after penile implantation which allows for the use of additional adjuvant maneuvers in those with significant deformities.
Uranium isotopic composition and absolute ages of Allende chondrules
Authors: Brennecka G. A. , Budde G. , Kleine T. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA handful of events, such as the condensation of refractory inclusions and the formation of chondrules, represent important stages in the formation and evolution of the early solar system and thus are critical to understanding its development. Compared to the refractory inclusions, chondrules appear to have a protracted period of formation that spans millions of years. As such, understanding chondrule formation requires a catalog of reliable ages, free from as many assumptions as possible. The Pb‐Pb chronometer has this potential; however, because common individual chondrules have extremely low uranium contents, obtaining U‐corrected Pb‐Pb ages of individual chondrules is unrealistic in the vast majority of cases at this time. Thus, in order to obtain the most accurate 238U/235U ratio possible for chondrules, we separated and pooled thousands of individual chondrules from the Allende meteorite. In this work, we demonstrate that no discernible differences exist in the 238U/235U compositions between chondrule groups when separated by size and magnetic susceptibility, suggesting that no systematic U‐isotope variation exists between groups of chondrules. Consequently, chondrules are likely to have a common 238U/235U ratio for any given meteorite. A weighted average of the six groups of chondrule separates from Allende results in a 238U/235U ratio of 137.786 ± 0.004 (±0.016 including propagated uncertainty on the U standard [Richter et al. 2010]). Although it is still possible that individual chondrules have significant U isotope variation within a given meteorite, this value represents our best estimate of the 238U/235U ratio for Allende chondrules and should be used for absolute dating of these objects, unless such chondrules can be measured individually.
Shock effects in the Willamette ungrouped iron meteorite
Authors: Rubin Alan E. , Breen John P. , Wasson John T. , Pitt Darryl 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA slab of the Willamette ungrouped iron contains elongated troilite nodules (up to ~2 × 10 cm) that were crushed and penetrated by wedges of crushed metal during a major impact event. What makes this sample unique is the contrast between the large amount of shock damage and the very small (~1%) amounts of shock melting in the large troilite nodules. The postshock temperature was low, probably ≾960 °C. The Widmanstätten pattern has been largely obscured by an episode of postshock annealing that caused recrystallization of the kamacite. The shock and thermal history of Willamette includes (1) initial crystallization and formation of multicentimeter‐size troilite nodules from trapped melt, (2) impact‐induced melting of metal‐sulfide assemblages to form lobate taenite masses a few hundred micrometers in size, (3) impact‐crushing of the nodules and jamming of metal wedges into them, (4) simultaneous crushing of metal grains adjacent to sulfide throughout the meteorite, (5) postshock annealing causing minor recrystallization of metal and troilite, and (6) a late‐stage shock event (and additional annealing) producing Neumann lines in the kamacite.