bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gain of 1q is associated with inferior event‐free and overall survival in patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Gratias Eric J. , Jennings Lawrence J. , Anderson James R. , Dome Jeffrey S. , Grundy Paul , Perlman Elizabeth J. 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDWilms tumor is the most common childhood renal tumor. Although the majority of patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) have good outcomes, some patients still experience disease recurrence and death from disease. The goal of the current study was to determine whether tumor‐specific chromosome 1q gain is associated with event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with FHWT.METHODSUnilateral FHWT samples were obtained from patients enrolled on National Wilms Tumor Study‐4 and Pediatric Oncology Group Wilms Biology Study (POG 9046). 1q gain, 1p loss, and 16q loss were determined using multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification.RESULTSThe 8‐year EFS rate was 87% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 82%‐91%) for the entire cohort of 212 patients. Tumors from 58 of 212 patients (27%) displayed 1q gain. A strong relationship between 1q gain and 1p/16q loss was observed. The 8‐year EFS rate was 76% (95% CI, 63%‐85%) for patients with 1q gain and 93% (95% CI, 87%‐96%) for those lacking 1q gain (P = .0024). The 8‐year OS rate was 89% (95% CI, 78%‐95%) for those with 1q gain and 98% (95% CI, 94%‐99%) for those lacking 1q gain (P = .0075). Gain of 1q was not found to correlate with disease stage (P = .16). After stratification for stage of disease, 1q gain was associated with a significantly increased risk of disease recurrence (risk ratio estimate: 2.72;P = .0089).CONCLUSIONSGain of 1q may provide a valuable prognostic marker with which to stratify therapy for patients with FHWT. A confirmatory study is necessary before this biomarker is incorporated into the risk stratification schema of future therapeutic studies. Cancer 2013;119:3887–3894. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Mammographic screening interval in relation to tumor characteristics and false‐positive risk by race/ethnicity and age
Authors: O'Meara Ellen S. , Zhu Weiwei , Hubbard Rebecca A. , Braithwaite Dejana , Kerlikowske Karla , Dittus Kim L. , Geller Berta , Wernli Karen J. , Miglioretti Diana L. 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDBiennial screening mammography retains most of the benefits of annual breast cancer screening with reduced harms. Whether screening guidelines based on race/ethnicity and age would be more effective than age‐based guidelines is unknown.METHODSMammography data from the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium were linked to pathology and tumor databases. The authors identified women aged 40 to 74 years who underwent annual, biennial, or triennial screening mammography between 1994 and 2008. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of adverse tumor characteristics among 14,396 incident breast cancer cases and 10‐year cumulative risks of false‐positive recall and biopsy recommendation among 1,276,312 noncases.RESULTSNo increased risk of adverse tumor characteristics associated with biennial versus annual screening were noted in white women, black women, Hispanic women aged 40 to 49 years, or Asian women aged 50 to 74 years. Hispanic women aged 50 to 74 years who screened biennially versus annually were found to have an increased risk of late‐stage disease (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0‐2.5) and large tumors (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1‐2.4). Asian women aged 40 to 49 years who underwent biennial screening had an elevated risk of positive lymph nodes (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3‐7.1). No elevated risks were associated with triennial versus biennial screening. Cumulative false‐positive risks decreased markedly with a longer screening interval.CONCLUSIONSThe authors found limited evidence of elevated risks of adverse tumor characteristics with biennial versus annual screening, whereas cumulative false‐positive risks were lower. However, elevated risks of late‐stage disease in Hispanic women and lymph node‐positive disease in younger Asian women who screened less often than annually warrant consideration and replication. Cancer 2013;119:3959–3967. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
To preserve or not to preserve
Authors: Mersereau Jennifer E. , Goodman Linnea R. , Deal Allison M. , Gorman Jessica R. , Whitcomb Brian W. , Su H. Irene 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDThe decision to pursue fertility preservation (FP) after a cancer diagnosis is complex. We examined the prevalence of high decisional conflict and specific factors that influence this decision using the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS).METHODSThe FIRST project is a web‐based survey of female cancer survivors (ages 18‐44 years) who have undergone gonadotoxic treatment. We evaluated the association between recalled decisional conflict and referral to FP counseling and demographic, socioeconomic, and cancer variables.RESULTSOf 208 participants, 115 subjects (55%) had scores consistent with high decisional conflict (DCS score >37.5 of 100), and 43 (21%) were in the moderate range (25‐37.5). In unadjusted analysis, high decisional conflict was associated with lack of referral to FP consultation, not undergoing FP treatment, concerns regarding FP cost, length of survivorship, lower income, education, partner status, and cancer type. In multivariable analysis, significantly higher prevalence of high decisional conflict was observed in participants who were not referred for FP consultation (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06‐1.47), as well as in participants who reported cost of FP services to be prohibitive (PR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.03‐1.31]). Prevalence of high DCS was lower for women who underwent FP treatment (PR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.52‐0.86]).CONCLUSIONSIn this study of female young adult cancer survivors, the majority recalled significant decisional conflict about FP at cancer diagnosis. Increasing access to FP via referral for counseling and cost reduction may decrease decisional conflict about FP for young patients struggling with cancer and fertility decisions. Cancer 2013;119:4044–4050. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
The cross‐modal aspect of mouse visual cortex plasticity induced by monocular enucleation is age dependent
Authors: Nys Julie , Aerts Jeroen , Ytebrouck Ellen , Vreysen Samme , Laeremans Annelies , Arckens Lutgarde 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTMonocular enucleation (ME) drastically affects the contralateral visual cortex, where plasticity phenomena drive specific adaptations to compensate for the unilateral loss of vision. In adult mice, complete reactivation of deprived visual cortex involves an early visually driven recovery followed by multimodal plasticity 3 to 7 weeks post ME (Van Brussel et al. [] Cereb. Cortex 21:2133–2146). Here, we specifically investigated the age dependence of the onset and the exact timing of both ME‐induced reactivation processes by comparing cortical activity patterns of mice enucleated at postnatal day (P) 45, 90, or 120. A swifter open‐eye potentiated reactivation characterized the binocular visual cortex of P45 mice. Nevertheless, even after 7 weeks, the reactivation remained incomplete, especially in the monocular cortex medial to V1. In comparison with P45, emergent cross‐modal participation was demonstrated in P90 animals, although robust reactivation similar to enucleated adults (P120) was not achieved yet. Concomitantly, at 7 weeks post ME, somatosensory and auditory cortex shifted from a hypoactive state in P45 to hyperactivity in P120. Thus, we provide evidence for a presensitive period in which gradual recruitment of cross‐modal recovery upon long‐term ME coincides with the transition from adolescence to adulthood in mice. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:950–970, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential Pharmacokinetics of Ganitumab in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Versus Other Advanced Solid Cancers
Authors: Zhu Min , Gosselin Nathalie H. , Kuchimanchi Mita , Johnson Jessica , McCaffery Ian , Mouksassi Mohamad‐Samer , Loh Elwyn , Lu Jian‐Feng 
Published: August 2013

AbstractGanitumab is an investigational, fully human monoclonal antibody antagonist of the insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF1R) that has shown trends towards improved progression‐free survival and overall survival in a phase 2 pancreatic cancer clinical trial. To characterize ganitumab pharmacokinetics (PK) and identify factors affecting PK, ganitumab serum concentration data from three clinical trials were analyzed. The PK of ganitumab as monotherapy and in combination with gemcitabine in patients with pancreatic or non‐pancreatic cancer were assessed with a non‐linear mixed‐effect model. We found that ganitumab exhibited linear and time‐invariant kinetics. A two‐compartment model adequately described data over a dose range of 1–20 mg/kg with good predictive capability. Typical clearance and central volume of distribution values were 1.7‐ and 1.3‐fold higher, respectively, in patients with pancreatic cancer than in patients with other advanced solid cancers, resulting in lower ganitumab exposure. Covariate analysis was used to evaluate effects of cancer type, gemcitabine coadministration, clinical study, demographics, and laboratory values on ganitumab PK. Pancreatic cancer type was the most significant covariate on clearance along with weight, albumin, and serum creatinine. Gemcitabine coadministration did not affect ganitumab clearance. Thus, disease state can significantly affect PK and should be considered when selecting the clinically effective dose.
Pharmacokinetics of a Single 150‐mg Intravenous Infusion of Fosaprepitant: Effects of Concentration and Infusion Time in Healthy Japanese Men
Authors: Azuma Junichi , Fukase Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPurposeFosaprepitant dimeglumine (Proemend® for Injection; formerly ONO‐7847) is a phosphorylated prodrug that is rapidly converted to aprepitant, an oral selective neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist approved for the prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting. This Phase 1 study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of fosaprepitant after a single intravenous dose in healthy Japanese men.MethodsAll fosaprepitant‐ or placebo‐treated subjects were assessed for the occurrence of adverse events.ResultsNinety subjects were randomized into treatment and placebo groups. The plasma fosaprepitant concentrations generally reached steady state by 15 minutes after the start of infusion. Although the maximum concentration was proportional to the infusion time, no clinically important pharmacokinetic differences were noted in the cohorts examined. Most adverse events observed in this study were associated with infusion site reactions, which tended toward a higher incidence with shorter infusion times. These events were mild in severity.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that fosaprepitant at different concentrations and over different infusion times has a pharmacokinetic and safety profile that is comparable to the intravenous dose previously established as efficacious and well tolerated. The dosing flexibility afforded by the single‐dose fosaprepitant formulation should lead to greater convenience for patients and health care providers.
An Efficient Procedure to Identify and Quantify New Molecules for Insulating Gas Mixtures
Authors: Franck C. M. , Dahl D. A. , Rabie M. , Haefliger P. , Koch M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn this contribution, a new procedure to systematically identify and quantify novel molecular gases with low global warming potential for application in high voltage insulation as gas mixtures is presented. The attention is focused on highly efficient procedures to be able to scan a large number of candidate gases. To identify new molecules, we derived an empirical correlation between the electric strength of a gas and certain molecular properties, like polarizability or dipole moment, which can be calculated by means of density functional theory. The swarm parameters of these pre‐selected molecules in mixtures with buffer gases is then quantified, using a newly set‐up Pulsed Townsend experiment. The setup operates with a high degree of automation to enable systematic evaluation of gas mixtures not to miss possible synergistic effects. Key element of this PT setup is a new photocathode that works with a high quantum efficiency and long lifetime even when exposed to reactive species during the measurements. Moreover, for an automated operation it is important to know precisely in which range the experiment can be operated, i.e. for example to know up to which electron density space charge effects can be neglected. Finally, the measured swarm parameters need to be translated into breakdown voltage strengths of different electrode arrangements and different applied voltage wave shapes. For this, a model of the the streamer to leader transition in SF6 will be applied to other strong electronegative gases in future studies to test if the model is universally valid. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The study of epigenetic mechanisms based on the analysis of histone modification patterns by flow cytoametry
Authors: Watson Maria , Chow Sue , Barsyte Dalia , Arrowsmith Cheryl , Shankey T. Vincent , Minden Mark , Hedley David 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEpigenetic regulation of genes involved in cell growth, survival, or differentiation through histone modifications is an important determinant of cancer development and outcome. The basic science of epigenetics uses analytical tools that, although powerful, are not well suited to the analysis of heterogeneous cell populations found in human cancers, or for monitoring the effects of drugs designed to modulate epigenetic mechanisms in patients. To address this, we selected three clinically relevant histone marks (H3K27me3, H3K9ac, and H3K9me2), modulated their expression levels by in vitro treatments to generate high and low expressing control cells, and tested the relative sensitivity of candidate antibodies to detect the differences in expression levels by flow cytoametry using a range of sample preparation techniques. We identified monoclonal antibodies to all three histone marks that were suitable for flow cytoametry. Staining intensities were reduced with increasing formaldehyde concentration, and were not affected by ionic strength or by alcohol treatment. A protocol suitable for clinical samples was then developed, to allow combined labeling of histone marks and surface antigens while preserving light scatter signals. This was applied to normal donor blood, and to samples obtained from 25 patients with leukemia (predominantly acute myeloid leukemia). Significant cellular heterogeneity in H3K9ac and H3K27me3 staining was seen in normal peripheral blood, but the patterns were very similar between individual donors. In contrast, H3K27me3 in particular showed considerable inter‐patient heterogeneity in the leukemia cell populations. Although further refinements are likely needed to fully optimize sample staining protocols, “flow epigenetics” appears to be technically feasible, and to have potential both in basic research, and in clinical application. © 2013 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The Sox17CreERT2 knock‐in mouse line displays spatiotemporal activation of Cre recombinase in distinct Sox17 lineage progenitors
Authors: Engert Silvia , Burtscher Ingo , Kalali Behnam , Gerhard Markus , Lickert Heiko 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe HMG‐box transcription factor Sox17 is essential for endoderm formation, vascular development, and definitive hematopoiesis. To investigate the fate of distinct Sox17‐expressing progenitor cells in a spatiotemporal manner, we generated a hormone‐inducible CreERT2 knock‐in mouse line. By homologous recombination we fused a codon improved, ligand‐dependent estrogen receptor Cre recombinase by an intervening viral T2A sequence for co‐translational cleavage to the 3' coding region of Sox17. Induction of Cre activity by administration of tamoxifen at defined time points of early mouse development and subsequent genetic lineage tracing confirmed the inducibility and tissue specificity of Cre recombination. Furthermore, Cre activity could be selectively induced in extra‐embryonic and embryonic endoderm lineages, the primitive gut tube, and in endothelial cells of the vascular system as well as in the hemogenic endothelium of the dorsal aorta. The Sox17CreERT2 mouse line therefore represents a new tool for genetic lineage tracing in a tissue‐specific manner and in addition enables lineage‐restricted functional analysis. genesis 51:793–802. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of the inlet air temperature on the microencapsulation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed oil
Authors: Ng Shy‐Kai , Wong Pui‐Yee , Tan Chin‐Ping , Long Kamariah , Nyam Kar‐Lin 
Published: August 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different inlet air temperatures on the physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of microencapsulated kenaf seed oil (MKSO). Kenaf seed oil was homogenised with the wall materials at a total solid content of 30% and was spray‐dried at 160, 180 or 200°C inlet air temperature. The microstructure and morphology of the microencapsulated kenaf seed oil were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The physicochemical properties, such as moisture content, water activity and particle size, of MKSO produced at different inlet air temperatures showed a significant difference (p<0.05). MKSO produced with an inlet air temperature of 160°C exhibited the highest microencapsulation efficiency (MEE, 96.46%) compared to 180°C (78.42%) and the efficiency was lowest at 200°C (58.96%). Increasing the inlet air temperature also resulted in significantly increased (p<0.05) lipid oxidation of MKSO and decreased total intrinsic phenolic content upon accelerated storage. However, all MKSO had lower lipid oxidation and higher total phenolic content than bulk (unencapsulated) oil. This study indicates that increased inlet air temperature results in larger particle size, higher lipid oxidation and lower MEE. The process of microencapsulation could protect oil from the external environment that causes lipid oxidation.Practical applications: Kenaf seed oil contains PUFA and phytosterols, which are beneficial to human health. However, the PUFA in kenaf seed oil is susceptible to lipid oxidation, which degrades its nutritional value. Microencapsulation is used to protect the kenaf seed oil from being oxidised. By knowing the influence of the inlet air temperature on the physical properties and oxidative stability of the microencapsulated kenaf seed oil, the ideal inlet air temperature can be used to produce microencapsulated kenaf seed oil, which may be incorporated into food products to supplement the bioactive compounds that are beneficial to human health.
Rapid Synthesis of Fused Oxabicycles through the Molecular Rearrangement of Spirocyclic Ethers
Authors: Palmer Leoni I. , Veits Gesine K. , Read de Alaniz Javier 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA molecular rearrangement of 5,5‐spirocyclic cyclopentenones to 5,6‐fused cyclopentenones catalyzed by Amberlyst®15 is described. This work emphasizes the utility of renewable resources, such as furfural, that can be transformed into a variety of valuable products. It also highlights the viability of 5,5‐spirocycles as intermediates en route to 5,6‐fused cyclopentenones.
Modeling the potential effects of atrazine on aquatic communities in midwestern streams
Authors: Bartell Steven M. , Brain Richard A. , Hendley Paul , Nair Shyam K. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

The comprehensive aquatic systems model for atrazine (CASMATZ) estimates the potential toxic effects of atrazine on populations of aquatic plants and consumers in a generic lower-order midwestern stream. The CASMATZ simulates the daily production of 20 periphyton and 6 aquatic vascular plant species. The modeled consumer community consists of 17 functionally defined species of zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, bacteria, and fish. Daily values of population biomass (grams of carbon per square meter) are calculated as nonlinear functions of population bioenergetics, physical–chemical environmental parameters, grazing/predator–prey interactions, and population-specific direct and indirect responses to atrazine. The CASMATZ uses Monte Carlo methods to characterize the implications of phenotypic variability, environmental variability, and uncertainty associated with atrazine toxicity data in estimating the potential impacts of time-varying atrazine exposures on population biomass and community structure. Comparisons of modeled biomass values for plants and consumers with published data indicate that the generic reference simulation realistically describes ecological production in lower-order midwestern streams. Probabilistic assessments were conducted using the CASMATZ to evaluate potential modeled changes in plant community structure resulting from measured atrazine exposure profiles in 3 midwestern US streams representing watersheds highly vulnerable to runoff. Deviation in the median values of maximum 30-d average Steinhaus similarity index ranged from 0.09% to 2.52% from the reference simulation. The CASMATZ could therefore be used for the purposes of risk assessment by comparison of site monitoring–based model output to a biologically relevant Steinhaus similarity index level of concern. Used as a generic screening technology or in site-specific applications, the CASMATZ provides an effective, coherent, and transparent modeling framework for assessing ecological risks posed by pesticides in lower-order streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2402–2411. © 2013 SETAC
Selected Reactions of Diethyl (E)‐1‐(bromomethyl)‐2‐cyanovinylphosphonate with Secondary and Tertiary Amines
Authors: Fray Asma , Kraïem Jihène Ben , Amri Hassen 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTAn easy regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of new nitrogenous molecules 2a–e was successfully realized via an effective coupling reaction of diethyl (E)‐1‐(bromomethyl)‐2‐cyanovinylphosphonate 1 with various secondary amines in methanol. Hence, the use of less and more bulky secondary amines gives rise, respectively, to the successive (SN2′) substitution–isomerization and (SN2) substitution derivatives 2a–c and 2d–e. Moreover, the addition of tertiary amines to 1 in the same reaction conditions, leads exclusively to the rearranged vinyl ether 3 in good yields.