bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Antiochus Cylinder, Babylonian Scholarship and Seleucid Imperial Ideology
Authors: Stevens Kathryn 
Published: December 2014

Abstract:With few surviving Greek sources from Hellenistic Babylonia, we are often ill-informed about the details of Seleucid imperialism ‘on the ground’ — in particular, about the Seleucids' relationship with the Babylonian priestly elites and Babylonian cult and culture. This makes the cuneiform sources all the more important. One of the most intriguing is the Antiochus (or Borsippa) Cylinder, a clay cylinder in the form of a traditional Mesopotamian royal inscription recording Antiochus I's restoration of a Babylonian temple. Although the Cylinder was previously seen as evidence for the adoption of Babylonian cultural forms by the Seleucids, recent readings have analysed it as a product of interaction between Babylonian tradition and Seleucid imperial ideology. Yet the accuracy of such readings crucially depends on situating the Cylinder correctly within its cultural context. Here the inscription is reassessed with close reference to earlier and contemporary Mesopotamian sources. While evidence for ‘copy-and-paste’ redaction imposes significant methodological constraints on textual analysis, certain elements of the Cylinder which are non-traditional from a Babylonian perspective can persuasively be interpreted in terms of Seleucid royal ideology. Ultimately, however, we must question the extent to which the inscription's ideological maneouvres are broadly ‘Babylonian’ or ‘imperial’, rather than shaped by and targeted at a specific local context.
Phemius Suite
Authors: Thomas Oliver 
Published: December 2014

Abstract:This article examines four connected aspects of Phemius' performance in Odyssey 1. The first section examines the poet's unusual technique in relating Phemius' music to other, simultaneous sounds in the ‘soundscape’ of Odysseus' hall. The second argues that the suitors' initial dancing develops into a theme of appropriate and inappropriate nimbleness which, in particular, creates significant connections between books 1 and 22. The third section shows that the poet is suggestive but studiedly vague on the politics of Phemius' first song which, in the final section, I interpret as a self-reflexive and open-ended ‘lesson’ in how to read epic.
Penelope's ‘Stout Hand’ and Odyssean Humour
Authors: Turkeltaub Daniel 
Published: December 2014

Abstract:Penelope's ‘stout hand’ (χειρί παχείηι) in Odyssey 21.6 has troubled readers with its implication that the 20 years Penelope has spent waiting, worrying and weaving have sapped her beauty. Attempts to redeem the verse have only been partially successful at best. By applying semiolinguistic models for jokes to both Odyssey 21.6 and Penelope's increase in stoutness at Odyssey 18.195, this paper pursues the possibility that both passages are humorous. Rather than deride Penelope, the humour celebrates her quintessentially human susceptibility to age and suffering, as well as the virtues she develops in parallel with her husband therefrom. The Odyssey regularly uses humour to similar effect by applying traditional epic formulaic structures to a broader range of subjects than they normally accommodate and thus redefining the heroic virtues that those structures encode so that they exalt mundane human experience.
Timaeus' Explanation of Sense-Perceptual Pleasure
Authors: Wolfsdorf David 
Published: December 2014

Abstract:Much has been written about Plato's accounts of pleasure in Republic 9 and Philebus, almost nothing about his account in Timaeus. But with respect to sense-perceptual pleasure specifically, the account in Timaeus is unique and extremely informative. This paper examines, in turn, the physiology and the psychology of sense-perceptual pleasure, focusing on the text at 64a2–65b3, but drawing on a wide range of passages from elsewhere in the dialogue. The paper concludes with a further suggestion: that Timaeus is implicitly committed to a distinction between two kinds of perceptual pleasure, sense-perceptual pleasure and ‘brute’ pleasure.
Optimal periodic gain scheduling for bipedal walking with hybrid dynamics
Authors: Harel M. , Agranovich G. , Brand M. 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYWe present an optimal gain scheduling control design for bipedal walking with minimum tracking error. We obtained a linear approximation by linearizing the nonlinear hybrid dynamic model about a nominal periodic trajectory. This linearization allows us to identify the linear model as a linear periodic system. An optimal feedback was designed using Bellman's dynamic programming. The linear periodic system allows us to determine a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) for a single period and to set the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) function in a linear quadratic form. In this way, the dynamic programming yielded an admissible continuous gain scheduling that was designed with regard to the hybrid dynamics of the system. We tuned the optimization parameters such that the tracking error and the average energy consumption are minimized. Due to linearization, we were able to examine the stability of the approximated periodic system achieved by the periodic gain according to Floquet's theory, by calculating the monodromy matrix of the closed-loop hybrid system. In addition to determining stability, the eigenvalues of this approximated monodromy matrix allowed us to evaluate the settling time of the system. This approach presents a direct method for optimal solution of locomotion control according to a given reference trajectory.
Singularity robust balancing of parallel manipulators following inconsistent trajectories
Authors: Özdemir Mustafa 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYWhen compared to serial manipulators, parallel manipulators have small workspaces mainly due to their closed-loop structure. As opposed to type I singularities (or inverse kinematic singularities) that are generally encountered at the workspace boundaries, type II singularities characteristically arise within the workspace, and around them, the inverse dynamic solution becomes unbounded. Hence, a desired trajectory passing through a type II singular position cannot be achieved by the manipulator, and its useful workspace becomes further and substantially reduced. It has been previously shown in the literature that if the trajectory is replanned in such a way that the dynamic equations of motion of the manipulator are consistent at a type II singularity, i.e. if the trajectory is consistent, then the manipulator passes through this singular configuration in a controllable manner, while the inverse dynamic solution remains finite. An inconsistent trajectory, on the other hand, is stated in the literature to be unrealizable. However, although seems a promising technique, trajectory replanning itself is also a deviation from the originally desired trajectory, and there might be cases in applications where, due to some task-specific reasons, the desired trajectory, although inconsistent, is not allowed to be replanned to satisfy the consistency conditions. In this paper, a method of singularity robust balancing is proposed for parallel manipulators passing through type II singular configurations while following inconsistent trajectories. By this means, an originally unrealizable inconsistent trajectory passing through a type II singularity can be followed without any deviation, while the required actuator forces remain bounded after the manipulator is balanced according to the design methodology presented in this study. The effectiveness of the introduced method is shown through numerical simulations considering a planar 3-DOF 2-PRR parallel manipulator under different balancing scenarios.
Neuropsychological Performance of Youth with Secondary Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder 6- and 12-Months after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Ornstein Tisha J. , Sagar Sanya , Schachar Russell J. , Ewing-Cobbs Linda , Chapman Sandra B. , Dennis Maureen , Saunders Ann E. , Yang Tony T. , Levin Harvey S. , Max Jeffrey E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe present study compared executive dysfunction among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), also called secondary ADHD (S-ADHD), pre-injury ADHD and children with TBI only (i.e., no ADHD). Youth aged 6–16 years admitted for TBI to five trauma centers were enrolled (n=177) and evaluated with a semi-structured psychiatric interview scheduled on three occasions (within 2 weeks of TBI, i.e., baseline assessment for pre-injury status; 6-months and 12-months post-TBI). This permitted the determination of 6- and 12-month post-injury classifications of membership in three mutually exclusive groups (S-ADHD; pre-injury ADHD; TBI-only). Several executive control measures were administered. Unremitted S-ADHD was present in 17/141 (12%) children at the 6-month assessment, and in 14/125 (11%) children at 12-months post-injury. The study found that children with S-ADHD exhibited deficient working memory, attention, and psychomotor speed as compared to children with pre-injury ADHD. Furthermore, the children with S-ADHD and the children with TBI-only were impaired compared to the children with pre-injury ADHD with regard to planning. No group differences related to response inhibition emerged. Age, but not injury severity, gender, or adaptive functioning was related to executive function outcome. Neuropsychological sequelae distinguish among children who develop S-ADHD following TBI and those with TBI only. Moreover, there appears to be a different pattern of executive control performance in those who develop S-ADHD than in children with pre-injury ADHD suggesting that differences exist in the underlying neural mechanisms that define each disorder, underscoring the need to identify targeted treatment interventions. (JINS, 2014,20, 971–981)
Differences in the use of involuntary admission across the Veneto Region: which role for individual and contextual variables?
Authors: Donisi V. , Tedeschi F. , Salazzari D. , Amaddeo F. 
Published: December 2014

Aims.The first aim of this study is to compare involuntary admissions across the Veneto Region in Italy. The second aim is to explore the relation between mental health services provision, characteristics of population, individual factors and involuntary admissions.Methods.For 21 Mental Health Departments (MHDs) in the Veneto Region (Italy), the average population prevalence rate of involuntary admissions between 2000 and 2007 and the percentage of involuntary admissions were calculated. Chi-square tests for equality of proportions were used to test hypotheses. Variables at the individual, contextual and organisational levels were used in multiple regressions, with the involuntary admission data as dependent variables.Results.The average prevalence rate of involuntary commitment was 12.75 ranging from 1.96 to 27.59 across MHDs . About 75% of the involuntary admissions referred to psychotic patients, and almost half of patients were aged 25–44. Significant differences among MHDs emerged; higher percentages of involuntary admissions were generally found in densely populated areas. Higher ageing indices and rates of social workers were found as predictors of the prevalence rate. In the multilevel regression, being males and psychotic significantly increased involuntary admissions, while the percentage of singles in population decreased it.Conclusions.This study contributes to define the specific contribution of each factor predicting the use of involuntary admission, even within areas under the same legislation. It shows how the inclusion of both individual and contextual factors may lead to better predictions and provides precious data for the services improvement.
Critical role of lysine 134 methylation on histone H2AX for γ-H2AX production and DNA repair
Authors: Sone Kenbun , Piao Lianhua , Nakakido Makoto , Ueda Koji , Jenuwein Thomas , Nakamura Yusuke , Hamamoto Ryuji 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe presence of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX) is associated with the local activation of DNA-damage repair pathways. Although γ-H2AX deregulation in cancer has previously been reported, the molecular mechanism involved and its relationship with other histone modifications remain largely unknown. Here we find that the histone methyltransferase SUV39H2 methylates histone H2AX on lysine 134. When H2AX was mutated to abolish K134 methylation, the level of γ-H2AX became significantly reduced. We also found lower γ-H2AX activity following the introduction of double-strand breaks in Suv39h2 knockout cells or on SUV39H2 knockdown. Tissue microarray analyses of clinical lung and bladder tissues also revealed a positive correlation between H2AX K134 methylation and γ-H2AX levels. Furthermore, introduction of K134-substituted histone H2AX enhanced radio- and chemosensitivity of cancer cells. Overall, our results suggest that H2AX methylation plays a role in the regulation of γ-H2AX abundance in cancer.
Fitting magnetic field gradient with Heisenberg-scaling accuracy
Authors: Zhang Yong-Liang , Wang Huan , Jing Li , Mu Liang-Zhu , Fan Heng 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe linear function is possibly the simplest and the most used relation appearing in various areas of our world. A linear relation can be generally determined by the least square linear fitting (LSLF) method using several measured quantities depending on variables. This happens for such as detecting the gradient of a magnetic field. Here, we propose a quantum fitting scheme to estimate the magnetic field gradient with N-atom spins preparing in W state. Our scheme combines the quantum multi-parameter estimation and the least square linear fitting method to achieve the quantum Cramér-Rao bound (QCRB). We show that the estimated quantity achieves the Heisenberg-scaling accuracy. Our scheme of quantum metrology combined with data fitting provides a new method in fast high precision measurements.
Patterns of text reuse in a scientific corpus
Authors: Citron Daniel T. , Ginsparg Paul 
Published: December 2014

Significance
In the modern electronic format it is both easier to reuse text and easier to detect reused text. This is the first comprehensive study of patterns of text reuse within the full texts of an important large scientific corpus, covering a 20-y timeframe. It provides an important baseline for what is regarded as standard practice within the affected research communities, a standard somewhat more lenient than that currently applied to journalists, popular authors, and public figures.
Hummingbirds control hovering flight by stabilizing visual motion
Authors: Goller Benjamin , Altshuler Douglas L. 
Published: December 2014

Significance
The avian brain has numerous specializations for navigation and processing visual information, but relatively little is known about how flying birds control their position in space. To study the role of vision in controlling hovering flight, we developed a virtual reality environment where visual patterns could be displayed to a freely flying hummingbird. Normal flight could only be performed if the visual background was completely stationary. In contrast, any motion in the background image caused the birds to lose stability. In natural settings, visual motion is constantly produced when objects and observers move relative to each other. This research demonstrates that flying birds are surprisingly sensitive to movements in their visual field and direct flight to respond to those movements.
The birth of a dinosaur footprint: Subsurface 3D motion reconstruction and discrete element simulation reveal track ontogeny
Authors: Falkingham Peter L. , Gatesy Stephen M. 
Published: December 2014

SignificanceWe reconstructed the 3D foot movements of guineafowl traversing a granular substrate from biplanar X-rays, and then incorporated those kinematics into a discrete element simulation. Digital track models permitted visualization of in vivo track formation at the surface and at virtual bedding planes for the first time. Application of these volumetric data to fossil dinosaur tracks uncovered the developmental origin of previously enigmatic features. A “track ontogeny” perspective helps integrate limb and substrate dynamics into the interpretation of track morphology, from which foot anatomy cannot be read directly.
Inflammatory sensitization of nociceptors depends on activation of NMDA receptors in DRG satellite cells
Authors: Ferrari Luiz Fernando , Lotufo Celina Monteiro , Araldi Dionéia , Rodrigues Marcos A. , Macedo Larissa P. , Ferreira Sérgio H. , Parada Carlos Amilcar 
Published: December 2014

Significance
The present study provides evidence for a role of glutamate as a neuromodulator of the afferent nociceptive information. Our results show that the nociceptive impulse generated by an inflammatory event in the peripheral tissue is regulated in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) by a system that involves satellite glial cells and glutamatergic NMDA receptors. To our knowledge, this work is one of the first demonstrations of the involvement of glutamate in a modulatory process in the DRG, a site where there are no synapses, in addition to its classical role as a neurotransmitter.
Folding kinetics of WW domains with the united residue force field for bridging microscopic motions and experimental measurements
Authors: Zhou Rui , Maisuradze Gia G. , Suñol David , Todorovski Toni , Macias Maria J. , Xiao Yi , Scheraga Harold A. , Czaplewski Cezary , Liwo Adam 
Published: December 2014

Significance
In spite of recent advances made in computer simulation techniques, one of the main challenges in the protein-folding field is to bridge microscopic motions and experimental measurements. This paper demonstrates that the physics-based, coarse-grained united-residue (UNRES) force field, which has the ability to simulate folding of small- and midsize proteins in the millisecond timescale, can predict the folding kinetics correctly and bridge theoretical and experimental worlds. The results suggest that the use of the UNRES force field will open a new door to the understanding of protein motions at much longer timescales and help explain the differences between theoretical results and experimental observations.
Hebbian and neuromodulatory mechanisms interact to trigger associative memory formation
Authors: Johansen Joshua P. , Diaz-Mataix Lorenzo , Hamanaka Hiroki , Ozawa Takaaki , Ycu Edgar , Koivumaa Jenny , Kumar Ashwani , Hou Mian , Deisseroth Karl , Boyden Edward S. , LeDoux Joseph E. 
Published: December 2014

Significance
The influential Hebbian plasticity hypothesis suggests that an increase in the strength of connections between neurons whose activity is correlated produces memories. Other theories, however, propose that neuromodulatory systems need to be activated together with Hebbian plasticity mechanisms to engage memory formation. The present work provides direct in vivo evidence supporting the idea that a parallel mechanism involving neuromodulation and Hebbian processes is both necessary and sufficient to trigger synaptic strengthening and behavioral associative memory formation. This parallel process may represent a general mechanism used by many learning systems in the brain.
Gill Infection Model for Columnaris Disease in Common Carp and Rainbow Trout
Authors: Declercq A. M. , Chiers K. , Haesebrouck F. , Van den Broeck W. , Dewulf J. , Cornelissen M. , Decostere A. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Challenge models generating gill lesions typical for columnaris disease were developed for the fry of both Common Carp Cyprinus carpio and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss by means of an immersion challenge and Flavobacterium columnare field isolates were characterized regarding virulence. Carp inoculated with highly virulent isolates revealed diffuse, whitish discoloration of the gills affecting all arches, while in trout mostly unilateral focal lesions, which were restricted to the first two gill arches, occurred. Light microscopic examination of the gills of carp exposed to highly virulent isolates revealed a diffuse loss of branchial structures and desquamation and necrosis of gill epithelium with fusion of filaments and lamellae. In severe cases, large parts of the filaments were replaced with necrotic debris entangled with massive clusters of F. columnare bacterial cells enwrapped in an eosinophilic matrix. In trout, histopathologic lesions were similar but less extensive and much more focal, and well delineated from apparently healthy tissue. Scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations of the affected gills showed long, slender bacterial cells contained in an extracellular matrix and in close contact with the destructed gill tissue.
This is the first study to reveal gill lesions typical for columnaris disease at macroscopic, light microscopic, and ultrastructural levels in both Common Carp and Rainbow Trout following a challenge with F. columnare. The results provide a basis for research opportunities to examine pathogen–gill interactions.
Received January 10, 2014; accepted July 27, 2014
A Chat about Insurance: Experimental Results from Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Clarke Daniel , de Nicola Francesca , Vargas Hill Ruth , Kumar Neha , Mehta Parendi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractFarmers throughout the developing world face multiple sources of uninsured risk to agricultural production and household assets. In this paper, we present results from an experimental demand‐elicitation exercise in rural Bangladesh to shed light on smallholder farmers' interest in formal insurance products. We propose a suite of insurance and savings products, and we randomly vary the price of one insurance option (area‐yield insurance) and the presence of one of the savings options (group savings). Consistent with economic theory, farmers buy more of the insurance products that cover the risks they primarily face. However, because farmers are subject to a variety of risks, they do not focus on only one type of insurance; instead, they evenly split their endowment between life and disability insurance and agricultural insurance. Demand for area‐yield insurance falls with price; we also observe important cross‐price elasticities with other insurance products. The presence of group savings does not alter demand for insurance, though group savings is found to be a particularly popular risk management tool, especially when decisions are made in groups.
Supply Response, Marginal Cost, and Soil Erosion Implications of Stover‐based Biofuels
Authors: Sesmero Juan , Pratt Michelle , Tyner Wallace 
Published: December 2014

AbstractExisting economic analysis of corn stover as an energy feedstock has not considered potential changes in land use associated with different stover prices. We estimate the response of corn stover supply density to its price driven by changes in land use and examine its implications for a processing plant's pricing strategy and marginal cost, as well as associated changes in soil erosion. We find that plants will exploit the intensive margin as well as the extensive margin to secure additional amounts of stover. Our results show, counterintuitively, that a market for stover may result in lower soil erosion due to reallocations of land to continuous corn with removal, which, combined with no‐till farming, results in lower soil erosion than the baseline without stover removal. Also contrary to expectations, using cover crops with stover removal may result in higher soil erosion due to land use changes within the fuel shed associated with optimal pricing.