bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Placements for the Professions Allied to Medicine, Part 1: A Summary
Authors: Huddleston Rosalind 
Published: April 2015

The shortage of clinical placements for undergraduate students from the professions allied to medicine has been a longstanding problem. A research project was commissioned by the National Health Service Executive (North West) and the Lancashire and South Cumbria Education and Training Consortium to explore the issues around the present clinical placement provision and to identify alternative models of clinical education that could be used in North-West England. A combination of quatitative and quantitative research methods was used to explore the clinical placement difficulties and to identify potential solutions. The report highlighted the complexity of the clinical placement issues and concluded that a combination of strategies needs to be used in tandem in order to address the difficulties. The problem is multifaceted and, consequently, there is no one single solution. The way forward lies in the cooperation and collaboration of education and training consortia, education providers and service providers in implementing the recommendations, which have the potential to increase the numbers of fieldwork education placements that prepare students not only for current but also for future practice.
Audit of a Group Programme for Inpatients in an Acute Mental Health Setting
Authors: Parkinson Sue 
Published: April 2015

This article documents an audit of the ward occupational therapy service in the Hartington Wing, an Acute Mental Health Unit in Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Royal Hospital NHS Trust. A revised service based on ‘open-door’ groups aims to make occupational therapy more accessible at the point of admission and more responsive to changing needs, and it drew praise at the unit's last visit from the Mental Health Act Commission. The findings of the audit demonstrate increased uptake of occupational therapy, with patient contacts almost doubling and the time taken from referral to first patient contact being significantly reduced. The ward nursing staff were positive about the changes but their perception of the occupational therapist's role in ward group programmes remains unclear.
Staff Supervision for Occupational Therapists
Authors: Hunter Elaine P , Blair Sheena E E 
Published: April 2015

In the literature, supervision is described as a process to ensure accountability in the workplace and also to facilitate clinicians to reflect upon their practice. Within occupational therapy the process of supervision is not new, but little has been published on what supervision involves for the occupational therapist. This article is a practice-based paper, intended to be of particular use to occupational therapists who wish to establish supervision systems. The paper is based on 10 years' experience of the first author in evolving a supervise structure for occupational therapists. The central themes of effective supervision, as highlighted in the literature, are presented. The benefits and potential difficulties are described, with an emphasis on the need to understand the aims of supervision. The article suggests that supervision should be supportive but challenging in order to be effective. The essential components of quality supervision are presented; for example, written supervision contracts, training in supervision, reviews and feedback for both supervisor and supervisee. A brief overview of a supervision package is provided as one way to implement supervision for occupational therapists. The package offers a practical guide to the process of supervision, with an emphasis on a supportive and enabling approach. Occupational therapists need to debate the merits and pitfalls of supervision to ensure that the supervision offered is effective and of a high quality.
Transaortic Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation as a second choice over the Transapical access
Authors: Ropponen J. , Vainikka T. , Sinisalo J. , Rapola J. , Laine M. , Ihlberg L. 
Published: April 2015

Background and Aims: In this report, we present our experience with the transaortic transcatheter aortic valve implantation using the SAPIEN valve. The procedural success, 30-day outcome, and survival up to 2 years are compared with the transapical access performed in patients in our institution. Material and Methods: Of a total of 282 transcatheter aortic valve implantation patients, 100 consecutive patients had a non-transfemoral approach. The transaortic and transapical access routes were used in 36 and 64 patients, respectively. The transaortic group had a higher mean logistic EuroSCORE (32.6 vs 25.2, p = 0.021) and more patients with left ventricular ejection fraction less than 40% (33.3% vs 14.1%, p = 0.023). Results: The respective technical success rates for the transaortic and transapical groups were 100% and 95.2% (p = NS). There were significantly more perioperative hemodynamic problems necessitating cardiopulmonary resuscitation or mechanical circulatory support in the transapical group (18.8% vs 2.8%, p = 0.023). The transaortic group had a slightly shorter hospital stay (7 vs 8 days, p = 0.018). The 30-day mortality was 8.6% and 10.9% in the transaortic and transapical group, respectively (p = NS). Combined safety outcome was similar in both groups at 30 days. The respective 1-year survival rates for the transaortic and transapical groups were 71.5% and 68.3%, respectively (p = NS). Conclusion: The trans transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a considerable choice to transapical approach. Despite a higher risk patient cohort, the clinical outcome is at least comparable to the transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation, and it can be utilized as a second choice for patients with prohibitive iliac-femoral anatomy for transfemoral access.
Acute adult-onset still’s disease presenting as pulmonary hemorrhage, urticaria, angioedema and leukemoid reaction: a case report and literature review
Authors: Mora Alfonso Sergio A , Rodríguez Daniel M Cuestas , Londoño John D , Valle-Oñate Rafael , Quintana Gerardo 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Adult-onset Still’s disease is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology characterized by the classic triad of persistent high spiking fevers, joint pain and a distinctive salmon-colored bumpy rash however, the multiorgan involvement can be present.

Case description
A 40-year-old woman previously healthy was referred to our hospital with 7 days of high fever and generalized arthralgia, The physical exam revealed angioneurotic edema detected on soles, palms and tongue and widespread red, urticated plaques in a symmetrical distribution affecting the arms, dorsal hands, upper and lower chest and back. Followed 5 days later by fever, the patient presented dyspnea, cough and hypoxemia, the imaging studies showed unilateral consolidation and pleural effusion. The bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and skin biopsy were consistent with neutrophilic urticarial. The hematological disorders, infections and other autoimmune diseases were excluded.

Discussion and evaluation
The diagnosis of adult-onset Still’s disease can be very difficult. There are no specific tests and reliance is usually placed on a symptom complex and the well described typical rash seen in most patients. In recent years, however, other cutaneous manifestations of Adult-onset Still’s disease have been reported but these are not so well known.

Conclusions
The evidence of rare manifestations is growing and the early clinical presentation of Adult-onset Still’s is extremely variable, making diagnosis difficult. For this reason, data on early clinical presentation of the disease are of interest. We reported the first case of acute Adult-onset Still’s disease with the association of pulmonary hemorrhage, urticaria and angioedema including a rare systemic manifestation as leukemoid reaction.
A case of hypothalamic hypopituitarism accompanied by recurrent severe hypoglycemia
Authors: Takai Maiko , Kaneto Hideaki , Kamei Shinji , Mune Tomoatsu , Kaku Kohei 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Hypothalamic hypopituitarism is relatively rare cause of secondary adrenal deficiency which is often accompanied by severe hypoglycemia. Hydrocortisone replacement therapy is essential for this condition, but gastrointestinal symptom such as nausea and vomiting is not well-recognized adverse effect of hydrocortisone.

Case description
A 64-year-old-woman was referred to our hospital because of frequent severe hypoglycemia. She was diagnosed as type 2 diabetes when she was 58 years old but had not been treated since she was 60. We ruled out the possibility of exogenous administration of insulin or other anti-diabetic drugs, insulinoma and insulin autoimmune syndrome. After glucose injection, she once became conscious, but severe hypoglycemia was often observed even after that. In addition, counter-regulatory hormone levels were not increased even at the time of hypoglycemia. We conducted several hormone load tests. In corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) load test, excess and delayed reaction of ACTH was observed. In thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) load test, TSH and prolactin were normally secreted in response to TRH. In luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) load test, delayed reaction of LH and FSH was observed. Based on such hormone loading tests, we diagnosed this patient as idiopathic hypothalamic hypopituitarism and consequent adrenal deficiency. We immediately intravenously injected hydrocortisone and started oral hydrocortisone therapy. However, just after taking hydrocortisone, vomiting was often observed which disturbed sufficient steroid hormone replacement, leading to recurrent hypoglycemia. Therefore, we stopped hydrocortisone and instead started an alternative treatment with prednisolone. After that, vomiting and hypoglycemia were not observed at all.

Discussion and Evaluation
We diagnosed this subject as hypothalamic hypopituitarism mainly by the following two findings: (1) excess and delayed reaction of ACTH in CRH load test, (2) delayed reaction of LH and FSH in LHRH load test.

Conclusions
We should be aware of the possibility of hypothalamic hypopituitarism as a cause of recurrent severe hypoglycemia. Also, we should be aware that hydrocortisone could induce gastrointestinal symptom and that in such a case we should stop hydrocortisone and start prednisolone to sufficiently replace steroid hormone and avoid recurrent hypoglycemia.
Longitudinal determinants of mental health treatment-seeking by
US soldiers
Authors: Adler Amy B. , Britt Thomas W. , Riviere Lyndon A. , Kim Paul Y. , Thomas Jeffrey L. 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundStudies with members of the armed forces have found a gap between reports
of mental health symptoms and treatment-seeking.AimsTo assess the impact of attitudes on treatment-seeking behaviours in
soldiers returning from a combat deployment.MethodA sample of 529 US soldiers were surveyed 4 months (time 1) and 12 months
(time 2) post-deployment. Mental health symptoms and treatment-seeking
attitudes were assessed at time 1; reported mental healthcare visits were
assessed at time 2.ResultsFactor analysis of the total time 1 sample revealed four attitude
factors: professional concerns, practical barriers, preference for
self-management and positive attitudes about treatment. For the subset of
160 soldiers reporting a mental health problem at time 1, and controlling
for mental health symptom severity, self-management inversely predicted
treatment-seeking; positive attitudes were positively related.ConclusionsResults demonstrate the importance of broadening the conceptualisation of
barriers and facilitators of mental healthcare beyond stigma. Techniques
and delivery models emphasising self-care may help increase soldiers'
interest in using mental health services.
Lectotypification and identity of Xylosma fasciculiflora (Salicaceae)
Authors: Liao Shuai , He Li , Shang Ce , Zhang Zhi-Xiang 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe valid publication, type and identity of Xylosma fasciculiflora (Salicaceae) are reviewed. “Xylosma fascicuflorum” (the specific epithet should have been spelled fasciculiflora) was effectively but not validly published by Lai in 1994, the author citing two gatherings, Bing–Yun Qiu 50405 and Ming–Gang Li 697 from ZNFC (now CSFI) and IBG (now IBK), as types contrary to Art. 40.2 of the Code. However, based on information from the publication and herbarium sheets, Lai intended to cite Bing–Yun Qiu 53405, “50405” being a typographical error. Specimens of Bing–Yun Qiu 50405 examined at KUN were identified as Liparis sp. (Orchidaceae). Xylosma fasciculiflora was validly published by Jin in 1999, with Qiu's single gathering cited as type but with the collection number again incorrectly cited as “50405”; the institution code was also miscited as ZJFC (not ZNFC as originally cited by Lai). The intended holotype, Bing–Yun Qiu 53405 at CSFI could not be found and has been determined to be lost. Therefore, the isotype at IBK is designated here as the lectotype. The lectotype and isolectotypes do not represent Xylosma, but rather Myrsine semiserrata (Myrsinaceae). Therefore, Xylosma fasciculiflora is treated as a synonym of Myrsine semiserrata.
CONSTITUVE MODELLING FOR CREEP OF DRAWN COPPER WIRE
Authors: Boumerzoug Zakaria , Gareh Salim 
Published: April 2015

The high-temperature creep behaviour of drawn copper wire was studied by different constant stresses 98,108 and 118 MPa and under the temperatures of 250, 290 and 340°C. This study deals with the creep based prediction modelling of an industrial copper wire. The proposed unified creep damage constitutive equations were determined using experimental data achieved for materials at applied stress. The comparison of experimental and predicted effective creep strain curves is carried out for all applied stresses applied on the drawn copper wire. The evaluated stress exponent n = 9.21, 10 and 14 and the activation energy Q = 22.25, 31.75 and 50.75 indicated that the creep deformation of the drawn copper wire is controlled by the dislocation creep. The evaluated of the mean relative error from 5.18 % to 10.11 confirmed the creep strain predicted by the proposed model well agree with experimental data.
Bed bathing: how good cleaning turns into great care
Authors: Peate Ian , Lane Janet 
Published: April 2015

There are a number of matters that can have an impact on a person's ability to maintain their own personal hygiene. Some people—for example, those who are confined to bed—can become dependent on the healthcare assistant and assistant practitioner (HCA and AP) to carry out their hygiene needs. This aspect of care—the provision of personal hygiene—is seen as an essential aspect of care. This article will focus on the role of the HCA and AP when performing a bed bath for a hospitalised patient; the principles of care are outlined, with a key emphasis on maintaining patient dignity and respect.
Assistant practitioners: an essential support in a climate of austerity
Authors: Matthews David 
Published: April 2015

In the UK, the past decade has witnessed the growth of the assistant practitioner (AP), a higher-level support worker role situated at band 4 of the NHS career framework, just below registered nurse. Various factors are given for the role's development, but little analysis is provided as to the economic reasons for its implementation. With reference to the period since the economic crisis of 2007-08, this article proposes that the AP's implementation and function are influenced by the needs of the economy. With the UK Coalition Government refusing to increase public expenditure as it is thought detrimental to economic growth, emphasising instead the need to reduce public debt, an expansion of registered nurses is unlikely, despite growing service user demand. As a result, the AP has become an important economic development in an attempt to maintain standards of nursing care in the present economic climate.
Research roundup: April 2015
Authors: Greener Mark 
Published: April 2015

In brief ▪ The risks of using paracetamol may be greater than ‘currently perceived in the clinical community’ ▪ Varenicline increased cessation rates among smokers who reduced cigarette consumption before attempting to quit ▪ Insulin degludec, recently approved for children and adolescents, provides equivalent glycaemic control to insulin detemir, with a greater reduction in plasma glucose and a lower risk of hyperglycaemia with ketosis ▪ A new study offers the ‘first general population-based evidence’ that gout may protect against Alzheimer's disease, offering new insights into pathogenesis and, possibly, treatment
Lack of association between KCNJ11 (rs5219) and ABCC8 (rs757110) polymorphisms and sulphonylurea treatment response in type 2 diabetes patients in Novosibirsk region
Authors: Bondar Irina Arkad'evna , Filipenko Maksim Leonidovich , Shabel'nikova Olesya Yur'evna , Sokolova Ekaterina Alexeevna 
Published: April 2015

Aim. Sulfonylureas (SU) are widely used in everyday clinical practice in treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is a considerable variability in SU effects, which may be caused by psychological, social, biological and genetic factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between rs5219 KCNJ11 gene and rs757110 ABCC8 gene polymorphism and long-term response to SU-drugs of second and third generation in the Novosibirsk region. Materials and Methods. 326 patients with type 2 diabetes in the Novosibirsk region were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on HbA1c level. The first group included patients with target HbA1c levels on SU monotherapy. The second group included patients who did not reach target HbA1c levels on the highest dose of SU. Genotyping of KCNJ11 (rs5219) and ABCC8 (rs757110) was performed by TaqMan real-time PCR (ICBFM SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia). Results. Patients with type 2 diabetes with a good response to SU-therapy compared to the group of patients with a poor response to SU-therapy were older (65.8?9.1 years vs. 61.6?7.9 years, p
Insulin/weight ratio may serve as a predictor of success during insulin pump therapy in type 2 diabetes patients: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Levit Shmuel , Filippov Yury Ivanovich , Cohen Ohad , Weichman Maria , Azuri Joseph , Manisteski Yossi , Levit Vyacheslav Moiseevich 
Published: April 2015

Aims. To evaluate long-term efficacy of CSII for treating type 2 diabetes patients. To make an attempt to predict which patient would be more likely to reduce HbA1c levels (success) on CSII. Methods. 18 Type 2 diabetes patients who began insulin pump therapy in our institute were included. All patients were previously treated by insulin with a mean duration of 54.9?51.4 months. Results. Mean duration of follow-up with CSII was 42.2?27.0 months. No significant changes were seen in HbA1c in total cohort (p=0.064), but fasting plasma glucose was reduced from 10,5?2,9 to 7,6?1,9 mmol/l, p=0.007. No weight gain and no severe hypoglycemia were noted. All patients were divided to three groups according to their HbA1c levels: those whose treatment was successful (A), failed (B) or neutral (C), (5, 8, 5 patients respectively). A difference was found in insulin/weight (IWR) ratio within the group A: 0.81?0.29 U/kg before vs. 0.41 ?0.12 U/kg on CSII, p=0.043. There was a difference in IWR on CSII in group A compared to group B (0.41 ?0.12 U/kg vs. 0.93?0.6 U/kg respectively, p=0.011). We also noted a trend of weight reduction in the group A vs. weight gain in the group B. Conclusions. CSII is a viable tool in insulin ? requiring type 2 diabetes persons, since the insulin dosing and release it provides are much more physiological. CSII is safe and effective for improving glycemic control, but not in all diabetes patients. We suggest IWR reduction may serve as an early predictor of success on CSII. This work may serve as a "proof-of-concept" study, demonstrating once again the fundamental role of strict weight control in type 2 diabetes. More studies are needed to explore and confirm our experience.
Cystatin C and collagen type IV in diagnostics of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Klimontov Vadim Valer'evich , Eremenko Nadezhda Valentinovna , Myakina Natalya Evgen'evna , Fazullina Olga Nikolaevna 
Published: April 2015

Aim. To compare kidney disease markers: glomerular filtration rate (GFR), calculated upon creatinine and cystatin C, urinary cystatin C, collagen type IV and albumin in type 2 diabetic patients with normal and moderately reduced renal function. Materials and methods. 56 patients, aged 43?70 years, and 16 healthy controls, aged 40-72 years, were included in the study. GFR was calculated by equations based on creatinine (CKD-EPIcreat), cystatin C (CKD-EPIcys) or both markers (CKD-EPIcreat-cys). Serum and urinary cystatin C was measured by immunoturbidimetric method, urinary albumin, albumin excretion rate (AER) and collagen type IV excretion was determined by ELISA. The body composition was investigated in 24 patients by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results. In diabetic patients serum cystatin C level correlated positively with age (r=0.37), GFR calculated by CKD-EPIcreat (r=-0.43) and fat mass percentage (r=0.55). There was a positive correlation between GFR calculated by the CKD-EPIcys and GFR by CKD-EPIcreat (r=0.48). In multiple regression analysis the percentage of body fat influenced the GFR calculated by CKD-EPIcys or CKD-EPIcreat-cys. No correlation between urinary cystatin C and serum cystatin C level, GFR and AER was found. Collagen type IV excretion was increased in patients with decreased GFR, compared to those with normal GFR (p=0.002). Urinary collagen type IV correlated with both GFR and AER (r=-0.28 and r=0.47). Conclusion. The measurement of serum cystatin C with calculation of GFR by CKD-EPIcys and CKD-EPIcreat-cys, in addition to the CKD-EPIcreat, increases the accuracy of CKD diagnostics in type 2 diabetic patients. However, obesity and particularly body fat mass affect the results of estimation of GFR based on cystatin C. The increase in urinary collagen type IV, but not in cystatin C excretion, is related to GFR decline and AER elevation in these patients.
Measures to inhibit the growth of apple tree top with the `gala´ variety
Authors: BEBER Matjaž 
Published: April 2015

In Fruit Research Center Maribor different methods of less vigorous growth of apple tree top with the variety `Gala´ were conducted during the period from 2010 to 2013: applying a coating of the central leader at a height of 2.2 m with 2 % solution of growth regulator NAA (Luxan Late – Val) and plant resin, the use of the growth retardant Regalis (2 times), of replacing the the top of the tree with the highest appropriate bent branch, removal of new shoots 28 days after flowering (tearing) and the June cut after the completion of the primary growth. Increment of annual shoots and harvest in the top (over 2.2 m) was followed. Most commonly used practices, the June cut and tearing of young shoots resulted in the strongest growth in the top. The vigour of the top of the tree was the best reduced by the use of plant growth regulators (Regalis and NAA top coating) and replacing the top of the tree. The highest yield of the top of the tree was achieved by using Regalis, meanwhile tearing of the young shoots gave the lowest yield. The replacing the top of the tree is suitable measure for organic production, because it successfully reduces the vigour of the tree top without the use of growth regulators.