bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La transformación del presente en la narrativa española contemporánea. Una propuesta: la generación Nocilla.
Authors: Ros Ferrer Violeta 
Published: June 2013

Resumen: En el marco de la era de la información, algunas formas narrativas pueden ser pensadas como el síntoma literario de un cambio en las formas de producir y percibir la cultura. Desde esta perspectiva, se hace urgente el estudio de la influencia de la tecnología y los medios de comunicación en la evolución de ciertas tendencias de la narrativa en el contexto de la España de la primera década del siglo XXI. Este artículo propone la presentación y análisis de los efectos estéticos e ideológicos de la producción literaria de la generación Nocilla en este contexto, así como la reflexión en torno las circunstancias que pueden haber facilitado la aparición y consolidación de la propuesta narrativa de estos autores.Palabras Clave: Narrativa, posmodernidad, canon, generación Nocilla, cambio cultural.Abstract: Within the frame of the Information Age, certain kind of literary fiction could be understood as a synthom of the change happened in the ways of producing and perceiving culture. From this perspective, a study of the influence of technology and media in spanish 21st century fiction is needed. In these terms, this paper presents generación Nocilla's literary production and considers its ideological and aesthetic effects in this context. It also considers the circumstances that might have provided the consolidation of this particular literary agenda. Key Words: Narrative, postmodernism, canon, Nocilla generation, culture change.
Reflexividad y narratividad en Ricardo Piglia: de Macedonio a Fitzgerald
Authors: Torres Perdigón Andrea 
Published: June 2013

Resumen: Este artículo analiza algunos rasgos de la narrativa reciente del argentino Ricardo Piglia con relación a las poéticas de Macedonio Fernández y del estadounidense Francis Scott Fitzgerald. La primera parte trabaja la relación conflictiva de Piglia con el llamado posmodernismo; la segunda parte explica el vínculo entre Piglia y Macedonio, a través de la poética de la autonomía de lo literario; la tercera parte aborda la relación con Fitzgerald, por medio de un análisis de sus respectivas búsquedas de formas narrativas, para concluir en una cuarta parte ciertos cambios dentro de la propia obra novelesca de Piglia. Palabras clave: Piglia, Fitzgerald, Macedonio, posmodernismo, narratividad, metaficción Abstract: This article analyses some of the traits of Ricardo Piglia’s recent narrative fiction by means of its relation to Macedonio Fernández and the American author Francis Scott Fitzgerald. The first part develops Piglia’s conflictual approach to the postmodern. The second part explains the bond between Piglia and Macedonio by showing how their poetics defend the idea of literature’s autonomy. The third part examines his relation to the oeuvre of Fitzgerald by analyzing their respective ways of conceiving narrative forms. The article concludes with a reading of some transformations within Piglia’s novelistic works.Key words: Piglia, Fitzgerald, Macedonio, postmodernism, narrativity, metafiction.
“Vencida a veces, nunca prisionera”. Georgina Herrera y Belkis Ayón: una poética de la autorrepresentación
Authors: Falcón Montes Aída Elizabeth 
Published: June 2013

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la representación de la mujer negra a través de la obra de la poetisa cubana Georgina Herrera y la grabadora Belkis Ayón, y el modo en que el discurso referido a su sexualidad, su raza y su género ha contribuido a formar el imaginario de la identidad nacional.Con el fin de articular el contexto histórico y social de la población negra en Cuba, establezco un breve itinerario que parte de mediados del siglo XX hasta el denominado Periodo Especial en los años 90 del pasado siglo. El conocimiento de estas diferentes etapas es decisivo para entender la situación de la mujer negra en Cuba. En una segunda fase, abordo el proceso de autorrepresentación en Herrera y Ayón mediante el análisis y la posterior comparación de sus producciones literarias y pictóricas respectivamente con el fin de desvelar las motivaciones que impulsan a ambas a elaborar un discurso poético que se sustenta en el legado ancestral africano. Como se verá, este estudio ofrece una visión de la problemática de la mujer negra desde una perspectiva feminista, cuyo tratamiento es abordado teniendo en cuenta su raza, su clase y su género. Palabras clave: autorrepresentación, identidad, mujer negra, discurso de resistencia, cuerpoAbstract: The goal of this article is to analyze the representation of the black woman in the work of the Cuban poet Georgina Herrera and the engraver Belkin Ayón, and the way their discourse about their sexuality, their race, and their genre has contributed towards the formation of a national identity. With the aim of articulating the historical and social context of Afro-Cubans, I establish a brief itinerary which begins in the mid 20th century and ends with the so called “Período Especial” in the 1990s. On a second phase, I address the process of self-representation in Herrera and Ayón through the analysis and subsequent comparison of their literary and pictorial works respectively. My objective is to bring to light the motivations that lead both women to create a poetic discourse based on their ancestral African legacy. It will become apparent that this study offers a vision of the Afro-Cuban woman from a feminist perspective. My approach also takes their race, class, and genre into account. Key Words: self-representation, identity, Afro-Cuban woman, resistance discourse, body.
Boas práticas de gestão de risco corporativo: estudo de dez empresas
Authors: Ching Hong Yuh , Colombo Thalita Maricone 
Published: June 2013

Vários fatores externos têm pressionado as empresas à adoção da gestão de risco corporativo. Os objetivos desse trabalho são: a) sumarizar os padrões de comportamento na adoção das práticas de gestão de risco pelas empresas pesquisadas; b) fazer uma convergência entre as práticas presentes na literatura e as adotadas pelas empresas. Essa pesquisa é teórico-empírica quanto à sua natureza e com objetivo descritivo. A abordagem adotada é qualitativa/quantitativa e o procedimento é estudo de caso múltiplo de dez empresas. Um questionário semiestruturado foi utilizado como método de coleta de dados. A fim de veri- ficar se existem padrões entre as práticas empregadas, dois critérios de divisão foram utilizados entre as empresas: pequeno e grande porte; nacionais e multinacionais. Todas as empresas de pequeno porte são do enfoque tradicional. O mesmo ocorre com todas as empresas nacionais. Além disso, todas as empresas de enfoque tradicional, exceto uma, adotam todas as sete práticas de gestão de risco encontradas na lite- ratura. Entre as práticas, apenas uma – Independência entre Board e CEO – é adotada por todas as dez em- presas. Várias práticas foram citadas pelas empresas e não encontradas na literatura. A contribuição desse artigo é desenvolver uma estrutura conceitual de gestão de risco corporativo abrangendo o ciclo de gestão de risco corporativo, seus resultados e ferramentas que levam às boas práticas. Uma convergência entre as práticas da literatura e as práticas adotadas pelas empresas é apresentada como um aperfeiçoamento da estrutura conceitual. Como pesquisa futura, sugere-se repetir essa pesquisa em quantidade maior de empresas que a usada nesta pesquisa.
Origin of Phonon Glass–Electron Crystal Behavior in Thermoelectric Layered Cobaltate
Authors: Wu Lijun , Meng Qingping , Jooss Christian , Zheng Jin‐Cheng , Inada H. , Su Dong , Li Qiang , Zhu Yimei 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMeasurement of local disorder and lattice vibrations is of great importance for understanding the mechanisms whereby thermoelectric materials efficiently convert heat to electricity. Attaining high thermoelectric power requires minimizing thermal conductivity while keeping electric conductivity high. This situation is achievable by enhancing phonon scattering through specific structural disorder (phonon glass) that also retains sufficient electron mobility (electron crystal). It is demonstrated that the quantitative acquisition of multiple annular‐dark‐field images via scanning transmission electron microscopy at different scattering‐angles simultaneously allows not only the separation but also the accurate determination of static and thermal atomic displacements in crystals. Applying the unique method to the layered thermoelectric material (Ca2CoO3)0.62CoO2 discloses the presence of large incommensurate displacive modulation and enhanced local vibration of atoms, largely confined within its Ca2CoO3 sublayers. Relating the refined disorder to ab initio calculations of scattering rates is a tremendeous challenge. Based on an approximate calculation of scattering rates, it is suggested that this well‐defined deterministic disorder engenders static displacement‐induced scattering and vibrational‐induced resonance scattering of phonons as the origin of the phonon glass. Concurrently, the crystalline CoO2 sublayers provide pathways for highly conducting electrons and large thermal voltages.
Bioactive Luminescent Transition‐Metal Complexes for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ma Dik‐Lung , He Hong‐Zhang , Leung Ka‐Ho , Chan Daniel Shiu‐Hin , Leung Chung‐Hang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe serendipitous discovery of the anticancer drug cisplatin cemented medicinal inorganic chemistry as an independent discipline in the 1960s. Luminescent metal complexes have subsequently been widely applied for sensing, bio‐imaging, and in organic light‐emitting diode applications. Transition‐metal complexes possess a variety of advantages that make them suitable as therapeutics and as luminescent probes for biomolecules. It is thus highly desirable to develop new luminescent metal complexes that either interact with DNA through different binding modes or target alternative cellular machinery such as proteins as well as to provide a more effective means of monitoring disease progression. In this Review, we highlight recent examples of biologically active luminescent metal complexes that can target and probe a specific biomolecule, and offer insights into the future potential of these compounds for the investigation and treatment of human diseases.
Preparation and evaluation of composite microspheres of polyacrylamide‐grafted polysaccharides
Authors: Tripathi Rahul , Mishra Brahmeshwar 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe poor mechanical strength and instability of polysaccharide's gel takes away opportunities for versatile application. The grafting of polyacrylamide (PAM) onto polysaccharide was found to be an efficient tool for transforming its properties and obtaining stable and robust composite microspheres (CMs). In this study, free‐radical polymerization reaction was used for the grafting of PAM onto the polysaccharide backbone, and their hydrogel CMs were obtained through an ionotropic gelation method. Porous and buoyant CMs were obtained through the incorporation of sodium bicarbonate into the reaction mixture. Characterizations were done through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The mechanical strength and squeezing capacity were evaluated extensively through a modified syringe method developed in‐house. The squeezing capacity of grafted CMs diminished with the formation of a complex interpenetrating network. The Young's modulus, swelling kinetics, mechanical strength, and squeezing capacity of the grafted microspheres were compared extensively. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2912–2922, 2013
Microstructural characteristics and crystallization behaviors of poly(l‐lactide) scaffolds by thermally induced phase separation
Authors: He Liumin , Zuo Qinhua , Shi Yunfeng , Xue Wei 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) was prepared by four typical approach systems, namely, solid–liquid phase‐separation processes from PLLA–dioxane at −80°C, PLLA–dioxane–water at −80°C, PLLA–tetrahydrofuran (THF) at −80°C, and PLLA–THF at 18°C. The microstructural characteristics and crystallization behaviors of PLLA were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In the PLLA–dioxane binary system and PLLA–dioxane–water ternary system, the solvent froze immediately after quenching to a low temperature, and this restricted the PLLA chain arrangement. Thus, the PLLA amorphous phase dominated in the scaffolds, and solid‐walled structures were produced. THF was liquid throughout the entire process, which enabled free PLLA chain arrangement and further crystallization. Single crystals aggregated by crystal nucleation and growth at a critical temperature (Tc) of 18°C; this resulted in its most common and stable polymorph, the α form. However, α′‐form crystals, which were assumed to be limit‐disordered crystals of the α form, were produced at a low Tc (−80°C). Scaffolds with a plateletlike structure were produced at a Tc of 18°C, whereas a nanofibrous network was obtained at −80°C. PLLA crystallization competed with phase separation; thus, the crystal structure and scaffold morphology depended on the codevelopment of these two processes. Finally, the effects of the scaffold morphologies on the cell behaviors were studied, and the nanofibrous scaffold was found to have better cell adhesion and viability than the other three scaffolds. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39436.
Immobilization of β‐galactosidase from Escherichia coli onto modified natural silk fibers
Authors: Monier M. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTA polymeric support based on the natural silk fibers was prepared and characterized for covalent immobilization of β‐galactosidase from Escherichia coli. The silk fibers were grafted using polyacrylonitrile in presence of benzophenone as a photo‐initiator. The grafted fibers were then activated by treatment with hydrazine hydrate followed by glyoxal cross‐linker. FTIR spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM) in addition to the staining test derived from the Coomassie protein assay were utilized for investigation of the modification and immobilization steps. Also, the activity of both free and immobilized β‐galactosidase was evaluated as a function of the various important parameters like grafting percentage, pH, and temperature. In addition, the kinetic parameters Km and vmax for both free and immobilized enzyme were anticipated using Michaelis–Menten equation. The results in this study indicated that the prepared modified woven silk fibers could be used effectively as a polymeric support for immobilization of β‐galactosidase. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2923–2931, 2013
Permeability and transport model of epoxy membranes with various surface morphologies
Authors: Luo Yu‐Shun , Cheng Kuo‐Chung , Wang Chiu‐Ya , Chang Yi‐Min , Wu Ying‐Hong , Chen Yi‐Ping 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTEpoxy membranes that have interconnected pores with different surface structures were synthesized using the chemically induced phase separation process. The epoxy membrane was produced from a mixture of epoxy resin, D.E.R. 331, and the curing agent, 2,4,6‐tris‐(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP‐30) in diisobutyl ketone, while covered with a contacting film. It was found that the surface morphology of the epoxy membranes could be changed by the fraction of DIBK, or by using different contacting films of which the surface pore sizes ranged from 0.15 through 2.4 μm. Furthermore, ethanol permeabilities through the epoxy membranes were measured. The permeabilities are approximately 3–4700 L/m2 h bar and depend on either the bulk morphology or the skin structure of the membranes. The epoxy membranes with various porosities and ethanol permeabilities could be also prepared using different compositions of the DMP‐30 and diethylene triamine (DETA)) mixture. A modified Hagen–Poiseuille equation was proposed to describe the effects of the surface and bulk porosity on ethanol permeability. It was found that at low permeabilities, most of the resistance of the surface layers is higher than that of the bulk section. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2938–2946, 2013
Targeted functionalization of spruce O‐acetyl galactoglucomannans—2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐oxyl‐oxidation and carbodiimide‐mediated amidation
Authors: Leppänen Ann‐Sofie , Xu Chunlin , Eklund Patrik , Lucenius Jessica , Österberg Monika , Willför Stefan 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTModified spruce O‐acetyl galactoglucomannans (GGMs) can be used as molecular anchors to alter the surface properties or to activate the surface of cellulose. To selectively introduce functionalities, GGMs were oxidized on C‐6 of hexoses by 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐oxyl‐mediated oxidation. Different degrees of oxidation were successfully obtained by varying the reaction parameters. Low degrees could be obtained by performing the oxidations in bromide‐free conditions. The formed uronic acids were further modified by a carbodiimide‐mediated amidation reaction, which opens a window for introducing various functionalities selectively on hexoses. The adsorption of the modified GGMs to various cellulose samples was investigated. Indirect bulk sorption to fibers was compared to direct adsorption to nanofibrillated cellulose ultrathin films. GGMs with low degrees of oxidation showed high affinity to cellulose surfaces and could be sorbed onto cellulose in pure water. Moderate amounts of GGMs with high degree of oxidation could be sorbed onto cellulose in the presence of salts. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3122–3129, 2013
Preparation, characterization of UV‐Curable Waterborne Polyurethane‐Acrylate and the application in metal iron surface protection
Authors: Xu Jicheng , Rong Xinshan , Chi Tongyao , Wang Ming , Wang Yingying , Yang Dongya , Qiu Fengxian 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTHydroxyethyl methyl acrylate (HEMA) capped waterborne polyurethane‐acrylate (WPUA) oligomer was firstly prepared from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyether polyol (NJ‐220), dimethylolbutanoic acid (DMBA), HEMA via in‐situ and anionic self‐emulsifying method. Ultraviolet (UV) curable WPUA coating was obtained from HEMA‐capped oligomer, butyl acrylate (BA) and multifunctional acrylates (TPGDA) as reactive diluents, and Darocur 1173 as photoinitiator. The physical properties of WPUA oligomers, such as particle size, apparent viscosity, and surface tension were investigated. Some mechanical properties of UV‐WPUA films, such as contact angles, thermal properties, and solvent (water, HCl, NaOH, NaCl, and ethanol) resistance of UV‐WPUA coating films were measured. The surface morphologies were measured by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The surface free energy of the UV‐cured film was calculated from contact angle measurements using the Lewis acid–base three liquids method. The specific UV‐WPUA coating was selected to protect the iron materials that observed the effect of the protection. The results indicate that the prepared UV‐WPUA coating has excellent protective behavior to metal iron materials and may offer some contributions to protect iron cultural relics. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3142–3152, 2013
Transparent, flexible, and high‐strength regenerated cellulose/saponite nanocomposite films with high gas barrier properties
Authors: Yang Quanling , Saito Tsuguyuki , Isogai Akira 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTRegenerated cellulose‐saponite nanocomposite films were prepared from LiOH/urea solutions, and exhibited high optical transparency and flexibility. The saponite platelets formed intercalated nanolayered structures in the composites. The longitudinal directions of both the cellulose II crystallites and the saponite platelets were preferentially oriented parallel to the film surface in the composites. The good nanodispersibility and high orientation of the saponite platelets in the composite films resulted in high mechanical strength, high Young's modulus, and good thermal dimensional stabilities, and gas barrier properties in the composites, compared with a reference cellulose film. Moreover, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the composite film reached 241 MPa and 7.7 GPa, respectively, when a simple drawing process was applied to the wet composite film; this is probably owing to the improvement in the orientation of the cellulose II crystallites and saponite platelets in the composites. The composite films also showed high toughness and ductility. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3168–3174, 2013
Phenyl‐1,3,5‐Trithienyl‐Diketopyrrolopyrrole: A Molecular Backbone Potentially Affording High Efficiency for Solution‐Processed Small‐Molecule Organic Solar Cells through Judicious Molecular Design
Authors: Zhang Shanlin , Jiang Bo , Zhan Chuanlang , Huang Jianhua , Zhang Xin , Jia Hui , Tang Ailing , Chen Lili , Yao Jiannian 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFinding new molecular backbones is necessary for further advances in solution‐processed small‐molecule organic solar cells (SM‐OSCs). Increasing molecular π conjugation generally enhances the light‐harvesting ability, and the resulting strong π–π‐stacking interactions improve the charge‐carrier transport ability; both increase the efficiency. In this study, we focus on the phenyl‐1,3,5‐trithienyl (3T‐P) backbone because of its C3 symmetry, planarity, and particularly high conjugation between the three arms through the core phenyl unit. When the three arms were functionalized with diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) units to afford 3D-T-P, only modest efficiency was achieved (1.16 %). Introduction of 4,8‐bis(2‐(2‐ethylhexylthienyl)) benzodithiophene (BDT) between the 3T‐P and DPP units to give 3D-B-T-P enhanced the light‐harvesting ability, and particularly improved the hole mobility by 1.5 orders of magnitude (5.91×10−2 versus 1.05×10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1). When using PC71BM as the acceptor material, 3D-B-T-P gave the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.27 %, which is about 1.9 times higher than the best efficiency from 3D-T-P (≈1.16 %). The efficiency can be improved up to 3.60 % with 3 % (v/v) of 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO) as the cosolvent and thermal annealing at 100 °C for 10 min. This PCE is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest efficiency reported to date among the phenyl‐1,3,5‐based C3‐symmetric molecules. Removing one DPP unit from 3D-T-P to form 2D-T-P, or from 3D-B-T-P to form 2D-B-T-P both decreased the light‐harvesting ability and the hole mobility, thereby affording lower efficiency. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the planar phenyl‐1,3,5‐trithienyl‐based C3‐symmetric structure can be a promising backbone, and enhancing the conjugation of the 3D-T-P backbone can effectively improve the device performance.