bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conflits travail-famille et intention de quitter dans le domaine de la santé
Authors: Rhnima Aziz , Wils Thierry , Pousa Claudio E. , Frigon Mélanie 
Published: October 2014

La conciliation entre la vie professionnelle et la vie de famille cristallise un défi majeur aussi bien pour les travailleurs, les organisations que pour la société. De nombreux changements et mutations survenus dans le marché du travail et dans la vie familiale participent de l’avènement de cette situation (c.-à-d. les exigences accrues au niveau de la charge de travail suite aux restructurations, les changements fréquents d’affectation, la nécessité d’accorder des soins particuliers à des membres de la famille, etc.). Plusieurs facteurs nocifs à la performance des entreprises découlent de cette situation dont, entre autres, la recrudescence actuelle des comportements de retrait, des intentions de quitter et du roulement volontaire des travailleurs. Ce contexte s’avère particulièrement préoccupant dans le secteur de la santé, notamment chez le personnel infirmier.
L’objectif général de la présente recherche est d’étudier l’influence de différents conflits travail-famille à l’endroit de l’intention de quitter l’organisation au niveau du personnel infirmier. Deux modèles théoriques rivaux, soit le modèle du stress organisationnel et le modèle d’effets d’entraînement, prétendent expliquer l’influence des conflits travail-famille sur l’intention de quitter l’organisation. Le but de cette étude est de vérifier lequel de ces deux modèles théoriques explique le mieux l’influence de la conceptualisation multidimensionnelle de ce conflit (deux directions de ce conflit, soit travail→famille et famille→travail exprimées chacune en termes de temps, d’effort et de comportement) à l’endroit de l’intention de quitter. À partir d’un échantillon de 404 sujets provenant du personnel infirmier d’un centre hospitalier, l’analyse de régression hiérarchique montre que le modèle du stress organisationnel explique davantage l’intention de quitter l’organisation que le modèle d’effets d’entraînement. En outre, les résultats indiquent que ce sont les ingérences de la vie d’emploi, en termes de temps et surtout d’effort, qui intensifient l’intention de quitter. Des avenues de recherche et des implications managériales sont déduites à la lumière des résultats enregistrés.
The Relationship between the Internal Labour Market and Transitions from Temporary to Permanent Employment in Korea
Authors: Kim Hyondong , Lee Dong-Jin 
Published: October 2014

Over the past decade, Korean businesses have experienced significant growth in the proportion of temporary employment. In response, the Korean government has enacted the “Temporary Employment Protection Act” to curb the use of temporary employment. With these legislative changes, Korean employers confront choices about whether to encourage transitions from temporary to permanent employment or to utilise outsourcing/contracting services. The purpose of this study is to explore internal labour markets (ILMs) and investigate why companies are willing to transform temporary employment into permanent employment. Furthermore, in the face of market volatility, we consider how companies are willing to increase the number of temporary workers in order to more easily adjust the numbers and types of human resources, rather than constructing and establishing ILMs within a firm. By investigating the interrelated relationships between ILMs, environmental dynamism, and transitions from temporary to permanent employment status, this study elaborates the features of ILMs in making employment decisions.
The statistical results of this study show that structural elements of ILMs facilitate transitions from temporary to permanent employment. Among ILMs, only seniority-based pay plans reduce the number of permanent employees transferred from temporary status when companies experience dynamic changes in their environments. Furthermore, ILMs exerted greater influences over employers’ decisions about transitions from temporary to permanent employment a few years after the enactment of changes in temporary labour laws and regulations.
This study shows that the features of an employment system determine companies’ decisions about temporary versus permanent employment. ILMs shape and establish organisational norms and cultural traditions that determine employment structures. Furthermore, institutionalised environments also determine whether employers decide to make transitions from temporary to permanent employment. Future studies should pay attention to the features of employment systems as determinants regarding firms’ human capital.
Envergure du poste et engagement : le rôle modérateur du soutien et des relations avec le supérieur
Authors: Marchand Catherine , Vandenberghe Christian 
Published: October 2014

Cette étude examine l’effet modérateur du contexte relationnel des emplois dans la relation entre les caractéristiques du travail et l’engagement affectif envers l’organisation, la profession et la clientèle. Le contexte relationnel est appréhendé par le soutien organisationnel perçu (SOP) et la qualité des relations leader-membre (de l’anglais, leader-member exchange, LMX). Nous émettons l’hypothèse que le soutien organisationnel est perçu comme permettant de combler les besoins socio-émotionnels des employés et révélant une compréhension indulgente de l’organisation envers ses employés. À l’inverse, la qualité des relations leader-membre reflète une approche d’échange social dans laquelle le soutien du supérieur est associé à une finalité d’amélioration du rendement de l’employé. Ces considérations amènent à prédire que le SOP devrait agir comme un modérateur négatif des effets des caractéristiques du travail (envergure du poste) sur l’engagement affectif envers les trois cibles examinées. Au contraire, nous prévoyons que la qualité des relations leader-membre (LMX) agira comme un modérateur positif des effets de l’envergure du poste sur l’engagement affectif.
Ces hypothèses ont été vérifiées lors d’une étude menée en deux temps. D’abord, au temps 1 ont été mesurées l’envergure du poste (variété de la tâche, signification, autonomie, identité et rétroaction; Hackman et Oldham, 1980), le soutien organisationnel perçu (SOP) et la qualité des relations leader-membre (LMX). Par la suite, soit six mois plus tard, l’engagement affectif envers l’organisation, la profession et la clientèle a été évalué. Sur la base d’un échantillon aléatoire de 208 employés gradués en gestion, droit, génie et sciences pures d’une université belge et occupant des emplois dans des organisations variées, les analyses de régression multiple modérée montrent que la relation (positive) entre l’envergure du poste et les trois dimensions de l’engagement affectif s’avère plus faible lorsque le soutien organisationnel perçu est élevé. En revanche, la relation (positive) entre l’envergure du poste et l’engagement affectif envers la profession ainsi qu’envers la clientèle se révèle plus forte lorsque la qualité des relations leader-membre (LMX) est élevée. Nous discuterons de la portée de ces résultats.
Cloning and expression of a hypothetical Loosenin from Neurospora crassa
Authors: Campos-Oliver Aranzazu , Quiroz-Castañeda Rosa Estela , Ortiz-Suri Ernesto , Folch-Mallol Jorge Luis 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Loosenin is a protein recently described which presents amorphogenic activity on cellulose. It was isolated from the Basidiomycete Bjerkandera adusta and it enhances sugar release from cellulosic fibers treated previously with it and then subjected to cellulase treatment. It can also bind to other polysaccharides like chitin and xylans but presents no hydrolytic activity itself. Blast analysis using the loosenin amino acid sequence retrieved a sequence from the Neurospora crassa genome that showed 59% similarity. In this work, we cloned, expressed and partially characterized a putative loosenin from N. crassa, since these proteins have a potential for pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials.
Plaguicidas en México: usos, riesgos y marco regulatorio
Authors: Ortíz Irmene , Avila-Chávez Marco A. , Torres Luis G. 
Published: October 2014

Resumen
El presente documento describe la situación actual referente a la reglamentación de la producción, distribución, almacenamiento y uso de los plaguicidas en México. Se muestran datos de morbilidad como consecuencia del uso de estos productos como un referente de sus efectos sobre la salud humana, así como, los sitios en la República Mexicana en donde la incidencia es mayor. Adicionalmente, se presenta una revisión de la regulación nacional e internacional sobre plaguicidas, así como, las distintas dependencias gubernamentales, organizaciones civiles y centros de investigación involucrados en el tema en México. La información presentada sugiere que a pesar de las regulaciones y restricciones de uso de los plaguicidas, éstos pueden representar un grave problema de salud para los trabajadores y poblaciones expuestas, así como, de contaminación de suelos y aguas en México.
Coupled estimation of surface heat fluxes and vegetation dynamics from remotely sensed land surface temperature and fraction of photosynthetically active radiation
Authors: Bateni S. M. , Entekhabi D. , Margulis S. , Castelli F. , Kergoat L. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractRemotely sensed Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation absorbed by vegetation (FPAR) are assimilated, respectively, into the Surface Energy Balance (SEB) equation and a Vegetation Dynamics Model (VDM) in order to estimate surface fluxes and vegetation dynamics. The problem is posed in terms of three unknown and dimensionless parameters: (1) neutral bulk heat transfer coefficient, which scales the sum of turbulent heat fluxes, (2) soil and canopy evaporative fractions that characterize partitioning among the turbulent heat fluxes over soil and vegetation, and (3) specific leaf area, which captures seasonal phenology and vegetation dynamics. The model is applied over the Gourma site in Mali, the northern region of the West African Monsoon (WAM) domain. The application of the model over the Gourma site shows that spaceborne LST observations can be used to constrain the SEB equation and obtain its key two unknown parameters (i.e., neutral bulk heat transfer coefficient and evaporative fraction). We demonstrate that the spatial patterns of estimated neutral bulk heat transfer coefficient and evaporative fraction resemble, respectively, those of independently observed vegetation index and soil moisture. The framework also yields estimates of surface energy balance components. The daily sensible, latent, and ground heat flux estimates at the Agoufou site that is located in the south of the Gourma region have, respectively, a root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) of 53.6, 34.4, and 45.1 Wm−2. The daily sensible heat flux estimates at the Bamba site, which is located in the north of the Gourma domain, have a RMSE of 42.6 Wm−2. The results also show that remotely sensed FPAR observations can constrain the VDM and retrieve its main unknown parameter (specific leaf area) over large‐scale domains without costly in situ measurements. The results indicate that the estimated specific leaf area values vary reasonably with the expected influential environmental variables such as precipitation, air temperature, and solar radiation. Assimilating FPAR observations into the VDM can also provide an estimate of Leaf Area Index (LAI) dynamics. The estimated LAI values are comparable in magnitude, spatial pattern and temporal evolution with satellite retrievals.
Stochastic temporal disaggregation of monthly precipitation for regional gridded data sets
Authors: Thober Stephan , Mai Juliane , Zink Matthias , Samaniego Luis 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWeather generators are used for spatiotemporal downscaling of climate model outputs (e.g., precipitation and temperature) to investigate the impact of climate change on the hydrological cycle. In this study, a multiplicative random cascade model is proposed for the stochastic temporal disaggregation of monthly to daily precipitation fields, which is designed to be applicable to grids of any spatial resolution and extent. The proposed method uses stationary distribution functions that describe the partitioning of precipitation throughout multiple temporal scales (e.g., weekly and biweekly scale). Moreover, it explicitly considers the intensity and spatial covariance of precipitation in the disaggregation procedure, but requires no assumption about the temporal relationship and spatial isotropy of precipitation fields. A split sampling test is conducted on a high‐resolution (i.e., 4 × 4 km2 grid) daily precipitation data set over Germany (≈357,000 km2) to assess the performance of the proposed method during future periods. The proposed method has proven to consistently reproduce distinctive location‐dependent precipitation distribution functions with biases less than 5% during both a calibration and evaluation period. Furthermore, extreme precipitation amounts and the spatial and temporal covariance of the generated fields are comparable to those of the observations. Consequently, the proposed temporal disaggregation approach satisfies the minimum conditions for a precipitation generator aiming at the assessment of hydrological response to climate change at regional and continental scales or for generating seamless predictions of hydrological variables.
Outcome and survival of asymptomatic PML in natalizumab‐treated MS patients
Authors: Dong‐Si Tuan , Richman Sandra , Wattjes Mike P. , Wenten Made , Gheuens Sarah , Philip Jeffrey , Datta Shoibal , McIninch James , Bozic Carmen , Bloomgren Gary , Richert Nancy 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveAs of 3 September 2013, 399 cases of natalizumab‐associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) were confirmed in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. We evaluated outcomes of natalizumab‐treated MS patients who were asymptomatic at PML diagnosis.MethodsAnalyses included data available as of 5 June 2013. Asymptomatic patients diagnosed with PML by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and JC virus DNA detection in the central nervous system were compared with patients presenting with symptoms at diagnosis. Demographics, MRI, and survival over 12 months were analyzed. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores were recorded pre‐PML, at diagnosis, and at 6 and 12 months post‐diagnosis.ResultsA total of 372 PML cases were analyzed; 30 patients were asymptomatic and 342 were symptomatic at PML diagnosis. Classifications of PML lesions on MRI in asymptomatic versus symptomatic patients were unilobar in 68% versus 37%, multilobar in 21% versus 24%, and widespread in 11% versus 40%. In both groups with unilobar lesions, frontal lobe lesions predominated. Prior to PML, mean EDSS and KPS scores were similar for asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. At diagnosis, mean EDSS score was significantly lower for asymptomatic patients (4.1; n = 11) than for symptomatic patients (5.4; n = 193; P = 0.038). Six months after PML diagnosis, asymptomatic patients had less functional disability than symptomatic patients. As of 5 June 2013, 96.7% of asymptomatic patients and 75.4% of symptomatic patients were alive.InterpretationPML patients asymptomatic at diagnosis had better survival and less functional disability than those who were symptomatic at diagnosis.
HIP/PAP prevents excitotoxic neuronal death and promotes plasticity
Authors: Haldipur Parthiv , Dupuis Nina , Degos Vincent , Moniaux Nicolas , Chhor Vibol , Rasika Sowmyalakshmi , Schwendimann Leslie , le Charpentier Tifenn , Rougier Elodie , Amouyal Paul , Amouyal Gilles , Dournaud Pascal , Bréchot Christian , El Ghouzzi Vincent , Faivre Jamila , Fleiss Bobbi , Mani Shyamala , Gressens Pierre 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectivesExcitotoxicity plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of perinatal brain injuries. Among the consequences of excessive activation of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA)‐type glutamate are oxidative stress caused by free radical release from damaged mitochondria, neuronal death and subsequent loss of connectivity. Drugs that could protect nervous tissue and support regeneration are attractive therapeutic options. The hepatocarcinoma intestine pancreas protein/pancreatitis‐associated protein I (HIP/PAP) or Reg3α, which is approved for clinical testing for the protection and regeneration of the liver, is upregulated in the central nervous system following injury or disease. Here, we examined the neuroprotective/neuroregenerative potential of HIP/PAP following excitotoxic brain injury.MethodsWe studied the expression of HIP/PAP and two of its putative effectors, cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein 19 (ARPP19) and growth‐associated protein 43 (GAP‐43), in the neonatal brain, and the protective/regenerative properties of HIP/PAP in three paradigms of perinatal excitotoxicity: intracerebral injection of the NMDA agonist ibotenate in newborn pups, a pediatric model of traumatic brain injury, and cultured primary cortical neurons.ResultsHIP/PAP, ARPP19, and GAP‐43 were expressed in the neonatal mouse brain. HIP/PAP prevented the formation of cortical and white matter lesions and reduced neuronal death and glial activation following excitotoxic insults in vivo. In vitro, HIP/PAP promoted neuronal survival, preserved neurite complexity and fasciculation, and protected cell contents from reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐induced damage.InterpretationHIP/PAP has strong neuroprotective/neuroregenerative potential following excitotoxic injury to the developing brain, and could represent an interesting therapeutic strategy in perinatal brain injury.
Die Bedeutung von Metallionen für die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Biomaterialien auf Proteinbasis
Authors: Degtyar Elena , Harrington Matthew J. , Politi Yael , Fratzl Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractProtein‐Metall‐Wechselwirkungen wurden bisher vor allem hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutung in Stoffwechselprozessen betrachtet. Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass sie auch die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Biomaterialien verbessern können, wie z. B. Härte, Zähigkeit, Haftung und die Fähigkeit zur Selbstheilung. Die zugrundeliegenden Prinzipien werden hier anhand einiger Beispiele, wie der Beißwerkzeuge von Arthropoden, der Byssusfäden von Miesmuscheln und des Zements von Sandburg‐Würmern, besprochen. Diese neuen Erkenntnisse können auch für die Entwicklung von bio‐inspirierten Metallopolymeren mit potentiellen Anwendungen in der Industrie und Biomedizin von Bedeutung sein.
The Mechanical Role of Metal Ions in Biogenic Protein‐Based Materials
Authors: Degtyar Elena , Harrington Matthew J. , Politi Yael , Fratzl Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractProtein‐metal interactions—traditionally regarded for roles in metabolic processes—are now known to enhance the performance of certain biogenic materials, influencing properties such as hardness, toughness, adhesion, and self‐healing. Design principles elucidated through thorough study of such materials are yielding vital insights for the design of biomimetic metallopolymers with industrial and biomedical applications. Recent advances in the understanding of the biological structure–function relationships are highlighted here with a specific focus on materials such as arthropod biting parts, mussel byssal threads, and sandcastle worm cement.
Energy Storage Materials Synthesized from Ionic Liquids
Authors: Gebresilassie Eshetu Gebrekidan , Armand Michel , Scrosati Bruno , Passerini Stefano 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe advent of ionic liquids (ILs) as eco‐friendly and promising reaction media has opened new frontiers in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Beyond their use as electrolyte components in batteries and supercapacitors, ILs have unique properties that make them suitable as functional advanced materials, media for materials production, and components for preparing highly engineered functional products. Aiming at offering an in‐depth review on the newly emerging IL‐based green synthesis processes of energy storage materials, this Review provides an overview of the role of ILs in the synthesis of materials for batteries, supercapacitors, and green electrode processing. It is expected that this Review will assess the status quo of the research field and thereby stimulate new thoughts and ideas on the emerging challenges and opportunities of IL‐based syntheses of energy materials.
New diurethane plasticizers for polyurethane thermoplastics and perspective functional composites
Authors: Tereshatov Vasiliy Vasilyevich , Senichev Valeriy Yulyevich 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTA method to synthesize low‐molecular‐mass diurethane compounds via reaction between diisocyanates and various primary and secondary alcohols was presented. A number of diurethanes with the melting points below 100oC were revealed. These diurethanes can be used as fusible plasticizers for thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) and for high‐filled composites based thereupon. TPU based on oligotetramethyleneoxide diol and on 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate and containing 30% of fusible diurethanes were produced. In the presence of such plasticizers, a 3‐order increase in magnitude of the melt flow index was demonstrated. Data evincing significantly larger strength values of TPU and of tungsten‐containing high‐filled composites (94.2 wt %), comparing with thermoplastics plasticized with low‐molecular‐mass liquids, were presented. The mechanism of this phenomenon attributed to the partial crystallization of diurethanes in TPU compositions was described. Samples of low‐toxic thermoplastic polyurethane having density value of 9.4 g/cm3 and meant for protection of various facilities from radioactive radiation, instead of highly toxic metallic, lead, were prepared. Issues of improving the frost resistance of this new type of TPU were considered. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41481.