bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participation in Sports/Recreational Activities and the Occurrence of Psychological Distress in Mid‐Aged Adults: Findings From the HABITAT Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Ruyi , Brown Wendy J. , Burton Nicola W. , Mielke Gregore I. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate prospective associations between participation in sports/recreational activities and the occurrence of moderate‐to‐severe psychological distress over 2 years in a sample of mid‐aged Australians.MethodsThis prospective study used data from 6699 adults aged 40+ years, living in Brisbane in 2007, and surveyed in 2009, 2011 and 2013. Participants provided self‐reported data on frequency of participation in each of 11 sports/recreational activities in past 12 months and completed the Kessler Psychological Distress 6‐item Scale (K6). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models with a 2‐year lag were used to assess the associations of participation in sports/recreational activities in 2009 and 2011 with new cases of moderate‐to‐severe psychological distress (K6 score ≥ 5) in 2011 and 2013.ResultsFrom 2009 to 2013, 22.4% of participants without moderate‐to‐severe psychological distress at baseline (N = 4943) developed this outcome in at least one survey. Overall, there were no clear patterns of association between frequency of participation in sports and recreational activities and occurrence of moderate‐to‐severe psychological distress. In unadjusted models, weekly participation in some activities (e.g., tennis, golf, and exercise classes) was associated with reduced odds of moderate‐to‐severe psychological distress over the next 2 years, but these associations were attenuated in most adjusted models with sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health covariates. Participation in home‐based exercise and running/jogging were associated with higher odds of psychological distress.ConclusionOur findings do not provide strong evidence of beneficial associations of frequency of sport/recreational activities with psychological distress but show surprising negative associations of home‐based exercise and running/jogging with occurrence of moderate‐to‐severe psychological distress over 2 years.
Mechanical Interaction Between the Tendons of the Extrinsic Finger Flexors
Authors: Maas H. , Geusebroek G. , Baan G. C. , Veeger H. E. J. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTHumans possess an incredible capacity for dexterity, but independent finger control is limited. One factor constraining finger independence is the connections between the tendons of the extrinsic finger muscles. The aim of this study was to assess to what extent the linkages between the distal tendons of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) and those of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) constrain finger independence. Experiments on human fresh frozen cadaveric upper extremities (n = 6) were performed. First, one finger (target) was flexed whereas the other (nontarget) fingers were held in a nearly extended position. The change (Δ) in total flexion angle (∑Θ; i.e., the sum of angles of the different finger joints) of the target finger from the ∑Θ corresponding to the extended position at the start of the movement until the ∑Θ corresponding to the onset of force exertion at the nontarget fingers was assessed. Second, the distribution of force across the four fingers upon loading the tendon of the target finger was assessed for two finger positions (extended, 90° flexion of metacarpal phalangeal joint). For both muscles and for all fingers, the range of independent movement was small (<7°). Δ∑Θ at force onset was lowest for fingers immediately adjacent to the target finger and highest for more distant fingers. For both muscles and for all fingers, some of the target finger force (<14% for FDP, <2% for FDS) was distributed to the nontarget fingers, which increased (up to 58%) only for FDP in response to target finger flexion. We conclude that mechanical connections between the FDP and FDS tendons constrain finger independence. Such constraints become apparent when moving one finger relative to the other fingers.
C10orf99 regulates angiogenesis by regulating VEGF and MMP2 in psoriasis
Authors: Chen Caifeng , Ye Zhenjie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by epidermal hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration and excessive neovascularization. It was previously found that C10orf99 regulates keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation in psoriasis. However, the role of C10orf99 on angiogenesis associated with psoriasis is unknown.MethodsWe used imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced psoriasis mice and M5‐induced cellular model of psoriasis to research the effects of C10orf99 knockdown on angiogenesis in psoriasis in vivo and in vitro.ResultsIn this study, our data showed that C10orf99 knockdown ameliorated imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced red plaques in mice and reduced the number of microvessels. Furthermore, we found such an effect was achieved by down‐regulating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and metallomatrix proteinase 2 (MMP2). Consistently, C10orf99 knockdown significantly downgraded the expression of MMP2 and VEGF in cellular model of psoriasis.ConclusionThese results suggested that C10orf99 could regulate angiogenesis in psoriasis and it might be a promising potential target of psoriasis.
COVID‐19 and global value chains: A discussion of arguments on value chain organisation and the role of the WTO
Authors: Bacchetta Marc , Bekkers Eddy , Piermartini Roberta , Rubinova Stela , Stolzenburg Victor , Xu Ankai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe conduct an in‐depth analysis of the reasons for changes in global value chains as a result of COVID‐19 both from a positive angle, analysing expected changes in the behaviour of firms, and from a normative angle, assessing the different arguments for policy interventions by governments. The analysis generates three main conclusions. First, the COVID‐19 pandemic could contribute to diversification of sources of supply whose extent will vary by sector depending on the costs of value chain reorganisation. The pandemic, by contrast, is not likely to contribute much to re‐shoring, the return of manufacturing activities to industrialised countries, which is more likely to be driven by pre‐existing trends such as rising factor costs in emerging countries, increasing uncertainty about trade policy, and robotization and automation of production. Second, the pandemic has led to increased attention to the provision of essential goods in situations of crisis. Third, the largest risk for the global economy in the aftermath of the pandemic is a move away from open, non‐discriminatory trade policies, which would jeopardise the large benefits of open trade regimes in the current global economy characterised by scale economies, innovation spillovers, and a global division of labour.
Offshoring and the dynamics of employment, production, and imports: Evidence from the German International Sourcing Survey
Authors: Kaus Wolfhard , Zimmermann Markus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses the effect of offshoring on firm outcomes, using data from Germany's International Sourcing Survey (ISS) 2017 linked to other firm‐level data. We use a direct, survey‐based measure of offshoring on the extensive margin, namely whether a firm has relocated business functions abroad that were previously performed domestically within the firm. The analysis proceeds in two parts. First, difference‐in‐differences propensity score matching estimates reveal a negative effect of offshoring on domestic employment and production. However, most of this effect is not because the offshoring firms shrink, but because they do not grow as fast as the non‐offshoring firms. We further decompose the underlying employment dynamics using direct survey evidence on how many jobs the firms destroyed/created due to offshoring. Second, we analyse changes in the mix of import goods. Offshoring firms increase the share of ‘produced goods imports’, that is goods which are both imported and produced domestically by the firm. In contrast, offshoring firms do not increase the share of intermediate goods imports (a commonly used proxy for offshoring), as defined by the BEC Rev. 5 classification.
Clinicopathologic description of a cutaneous melanocytic tumor in a 1‐year‐old cat
Authors: Bae Min‐Kyung , Cha Ji‐Woo , Lim Ha‐Young , Kim Chae‐Wook , Han Se‐Hee , Sur Jung‐Hyang , Yhee Ji‐Young 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA feline cutaneous melanocytic tumor in a 1‐year‐old cat is reported. The cytologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of the pediatric feline cutaneous melanocytoma are included. A solitary, black‐colored nodule on the head was histologically diagnosed as the epithelioid type of melanocytoma. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic melanocytes demonstrated immunoreactivity to the S100 and MelanA antibodies but not to the PNL2 antibody. Despite high mitotic counts (17/10HPFs) and a Ki67 index (33%) suggesting malignant melanoma, the patient exhibited a favorable 5‐month outcome. The mitotic activity of the neoplastic cells may not provide a reliable prediction for feline melanocytic tumors.
Adolescent health and well-being check-up programme in three African cities (Y-Check): protocol for a multimethod, prospective, hybrid implementation-effectiveness study
Authors: Banati Prerna , Ross David Anthony , Weobong Benedict , Kapiga Saidi , Weiss Helen Anne , Baltag Valentina , Nzvere Farirai , Glozah Franklin , Nsanya Mussa Kelvin , Greco Giulia , Ferrand Rashida , Doyle Aoife Margaret 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundDuring adolescence, behaviours are initiated that will have substantial impacts on the individual’s short-term and long-term health and well-being. However, adolescents rarely have regular contact with health services, and available services are not always appropriate for their needs. We co-developed with adolescents a health and well-being check-up programme (Y-Check). This paper describes the methods to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, short-term effects and cost-effectiveness of Y-Check in three African cities.MethodThis is a multi-country prospective intervention study, with a mixed-method process evaluation. The intervention involves screening, on-the-spot care and referral of adolescents through health and well-being check-up visits. In each city, 2000 adolescents will be recruited in schools or community venues. Adolescents will be followed-up at 4 months. The study will assess the effects of Y-Check on knowledge and behaviours, as well as clinical outcomes and costs. Process and economic evaluations will investigate acceptability, feasibility, uptake, fidelity and cost effectiveness.Ethics and disseminationApproval has been received from the WHO (WHO/ERC Protocol ID Number ERC.0003778); Ghana Health Service (Protocol ID Number GHS-ERC: 027/07/22), the United Republic of Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research (Clearance No. NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/4199), the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (Approval Number MRCZ/A/2766) and the LSHTM (Approval Numbers 26 395 and 28312). Consent and disclosure are addressed in the paper. Results will be published in three country-specific peer-reviewed journal publications, and one multicountry publication; and disseminated through videos, briefs and webinars. Data will be placed into an open access repository. Data will be deidentified and anonymised.Trial registration numberNCT06090006.
First-line treatment for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and hip-related quality of life: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing a 6-month supervised strength exercise intervention to usual care (the Better Hip Trial)
Authors: Foldager Frederik Nicolai , Kierkegaard-Brøchner Signe , Kemp Joanne L , van Tulder Maurits W , Lund Bent , Mygind-Klavsen Bjarne , Bibby Bo Martin , Dalgas Ulrik , Mechlenburg Inger 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionFemoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is a motion-related and position-related clinical condition of the hip associated with pain, reduced physical function and hip-related quality of life (QoL). Interestingly, higher maximal muscle strength is associated with less pain, better physical function and improved QoL in people with FAIS. Furthermore, preliminary evidence suggests that a proportion of patients with FAIS respond positively to strength exercise as first-line treatment. Nonetheless, there is little evidence supporting a specific exercise intervention offered as a first-line treatment. We will conduct a randomised controlled trial investigating the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a 6-month strength exercise intervention compared with usual care as first-line treatment in patients with FAIS.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre randomised controlled trial that will be conducted at hospitals and physiotherapy clinics across Denmark and Australia. A total of 120 patients with FAIS will be randomised (1:1) to 6 months of supervised strength exercise or usual care. The primary outcome is the change in hip-related QoL measured using the International Hip and Outcome Tool 33 (iHOT-33) from baseline to the end of intervention. A health economic evaluation will be conducted from a societal and healthcare perspective based on the data collection over a 12-month period starting at baseline. The analysis will calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios using quality-adjusted life-years and iHOT-33 scores while estimating costs using microcosting and cost questionnaires. Secondary outcomes include objectively measured physical function at baseline and after 6 months and patient-reported outcomes measured at baseline, 3-month, 6-month and 12-month follow-up.Ethics and disseminationThe trial has been approved by the Committee on Health Research Ethics in the Central Denmark Region (journal no 1-10-72-45-23) and La Trobe University Human Ethics Committee (HEC24042) and is registered at the Central Denmark Region List of Research Projects (journal no 1-16-02-115-23). Informed consent will be obtained from each participant before randomisation. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT05927935.
Determinants of puerperal sepsis among postpartum women: a case–control study in East Shoa Zone public hospitals, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Oyato Befekadu Tesfaye , Debele Tirunesh , Edosa Dejene , Abasimel Husen Zakir , Awol Mukemil , Kebede Eleni Tesfaye , Gezahagn Andualem , Desta Adugna Alemu , Alemu Fikadu Tolesa , Asfaw Samuel Boja 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo identify determinants of puerperal sepsis among postpartum women attending East Shoa Zone public hospitals, Central Ethiopia, 2023.Design and settingAn institutional-based, unmatched case–control study was conducted from 19 June 2023 to 4 September 2023, in East Shoa Zone public hospitals.Participants495 postpartum women (100 cases and 395 controls) were selected using systematic sampling techniques. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and from medical charts using a pretested, structured questionnaire. The AOR with its corresponding 95% CI was used to identify determinant variables. Findings were presented in texts and tables.Outcome measuresThe medical charts of participants were reviewed to identify those who had developed puerperal sepsis.ResultsAnaemia (AOR 6.05; 95% CI 2.57 to 14.26), undernourishment (AOR 4.43; 95% CI 1.96 to 10.01), gestational diabetes mellitus (AOR 3.26; 95% CI 1.22 to 8.74), postpartum haemorrhage (AOR 3.17; 95% CI 1.28 to 7.87), obstructed labour (AOR 2.76; 95% CI 1.17 to 6.52), multiparity (AOR 2.54; 95% CI 1.17 to 5.50), placenta previa (AOR 2.27; 95% CI 1.11 to 4.67) and vaginal examination ≥5 times (AOR 2.19; 95% CI 1.05 to 4.54) were the independent determinants of puerperal sepsis in this study.ConclusionThis study found that gestational diabetes mellitus, anaemia, undernourishment, placenta previa, obstructed labour, postpartum haemorrhage and five or more per-vaginal examinations during labour were the determinants of puerperal sepsis. Therefore, it is recommended that obstetric care providers strictly adhere to guidelines on the number of vaginal exams that should be performed throughout labour and that they perform these exams using the appropriate infection-prevention techniques. In addition, they should provide comprehensive health education on nutrition during pregnancy and postnatal periods and the importance of iron supplements.
Facilitating interprofessional learning: experiences of using a digital activity for training handover of critically ill patients between a primary health care centre and ambulance services – a qualitative study
Authors: Taloyan Marina , Helen Conte , Ninni Åkesson , Guldbrand Sofie , Lindström Veronica 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo explore students’ and facilitators’ experiences of using a developed digital activity for interprofessional learning (IPL) focusing on critically ill patient handovers from a primary healthcare (PHC) centre to the ambulance service.DesignA qualitative study design was employed, and the reporting of this study adheres to the Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative research guidelines for qualitative studies.SettingA PHC centre and the ambulance service in Stockholm, Sweden.ParticipantsA total of 31 participants were included in the study: 22 students from five different healthcare professions, seven facilitators and two observers.InterventionA digital IPL activity was developed to overcome geographical distances, and the scenario included the handover of a critically ill patient from personnel within the PHC centre to the ambulance service personnel for transport to an emergency department. Four digital IPL activities were conducted in 2021.ResultsThe digital IPL activity eliminated the issue of geographical distance for students and facilitators, and it enabled the students to find an interprofessional model for collaboration through reasoning, by communicating and sharing knowledge with the support of a common structure. Participants perceived the digital IPL activity and scenario as authentic, feasible and facilitated IPL. Using a case with an acute and life-threatening condition was a success factor for students to experience high realism in their IPL on patient safety, handover, care and treatment.ConclusionThe developed digital IPL activity facilitated the students’ IPL and demonstrated potential sustainability as the digital approach supported overcoming geographical distances for both students and facilitators. By using a scenario involving an authentic case focusing on handovers of a critically ill patient, IPL, feasibility and acceptability were supported. However, it is crucial to emphasise that a comprehensive evaluation, both quantitative and qualitative, over an extended period of clinical rotations and involving a larger group of students is still warranted to ensure continuous improvement and development.
Adverse effects with semaglutide: a protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Sillassen Christina Dam Bjerregaard , Kamp Caroline Barkholt , Petersen Johanne Juul , Faltermeier Pascal , Siddiqui Faiza , Grand Johannes , Dominguez Helena , Frølich Anne , Gæde Peter Haulund , Gluud Christian , Mathiesen Ole , Jakobsen Janus 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSemaglutide is increasingly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, overweight and other conditions. It is well known that semaglutide lowers blood glucose levels and leads to significant weight loss. Still, a systematic review has yet to investigate the adverse effects with semaglutide for all patient groups.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review and search major medical databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Science) and clinical trial registries from their inception and onwards to identify relevant randomised clinical trials. We expect to conduct the literature search in July 2024. Two review authors will independently extract data and perform risk-of-bias assessments. We will include randomised clinical trials comparing oral or subcutaneous semaglutide versus placebo. Primary outcomes will be all-cause mortality and serious adverse events. Secondary outcomes will be myocardial infarction, stroke, all-cause hospitalisation and non-serious adverse events. Data will be synthesised by meta-analyses and trial sequential analysis; risk of bias will be assessed with Cochrane Risk of Bias tool—version 2, an eight-step procedure will be used to assess if the thresholds for statistical and clinical significance are crossed, and the certainty of the evidence will be assessed by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol does not present any results. Findings of this systematic review will be published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024499511.
Perceptions of families and healthcare providers about feeding preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: protocol for a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Schanz Willow R , Akhter Aunum , Richardson Georgette , Story William T , Samuelson Riley , Imdad Aamer 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe underdevelopment of preterm infants can lead to delayed progression through key early milestones. Demonstration of safe oral feeding skills, constituting proper suck-swallow reflex are requirements for discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to ensure adequate nutrition acquisition. Helping an infant develop these skills can be draining and emotional for both families and healthcare staff involved in the care of preterm infants with feeding difficulties. Currently, there are no systematic reviews evaluating both family and healthcare team perspectives on aspects of oral feeding. Thus, we first aim to evaluate the current knowledge surrounding the perceptions, experiences and needs of families with preterm babies in the context of oral feeding in the NICU. Second, we aim to evaluate the current knowledge surrounding the perceptions, experiences and needs of healthcare providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, nurses, dietitians, speech-language pathologists and occupational therapists) in the context of oral feeding in the NICU.Methods and analysisA literature search will be conducted in multiple electronic databases from their inception, including PubMed, CINHAL, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials and PsycINFO. No restrictions will be applied based on language or data of publication. Two authors will screen the titles and abstracts and then review the full text for the studies’ inclusion in the review. The data will be extracted into a pilot-tested data collection sheet by three independent authors. To evaluate the quality, reliability and relevance of the included studies, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist will be used. The overall evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria. We will report the results of the systematic review by following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the synthesis of Qualitative research checklist.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval of this project is not required as this is a systematic review using published and publicly available data and will not involve contact with human subjects. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023479288.