bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Particle‐grid Modeling for Multi‐scale Droplet/Spray Simulation
Authors: Yang Lipeng , Li Shuai , Hao Aimin , Qin Hong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a novel hybrid particle‐grid method that tightly couples Lagrangian particle approach with Eulerian grid approach to simulate multi‐scale diffuse materials varying from disperse droplets to dissipating spray and their natural mixture and transition, originated from a violent (high‐speed) liquid stream. Despite the fact that Lagrangian particles are widely employed for representing individual droplets and Eulerian grid‐based method is ideal for volumetric spray modeling, using either one alone has encountered tremendous difficulties when effectively simulating droplet/spray mixture phenomena with high fidelity. To ameliorate, we propose a new hybrid model to tackle such challenges with many novel technical elements. At the geometric level, we employ the particle and density field to represent droplet and spray respectively, modeling their creation from liquid as well as their seamless transition. At the physical level, we introduce a drag force model to couple droplets and spray, and specifically, we employ Eulerian method to model the interaction among droplets and marry it with the widely‐used Lagrangian model. Moreover, we implement our entire hybrid model on CUDA to guarantee the interactive performance for high‐effective physics‐based graphics applications. The comprehensive experiments have shown that our hybrid approach takes advantages of both particle and grid methods, with convincing graphics effects for disperse droplets and spray simulation.
Sparse Localized Decomposition of Deformation Gradients
Authors: Huang Zhichao , Yao Junfeng , Zhong Zichun , Liu Yang , Guo Xiaohu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSparse localized decomposition is a useful technique to extract meaningful deformation components out of a training set of mesh data. However, existing methods cannot capture large rotational motion in the given mesh dataset. In this paper we present a new decomposition technique based on deformation gradients. Given a mesh dataset, the deformation gradient field is extracted, and decomposed into two groups: rotation field and stretching field, through polar decomposition. These two groups of deformation information are further processed through the sparse localized decomposition into the desired components. These sparse localized components can be linearly combined to form a meaningful deformation gradient field, and can be used to reconstruct the mesh through a least squares optimization step. Our experiments show that the proposed method addresses the rotation problem associated with traditional deformation decomposition techniques, making it suitable to handle not only stretched deformations, but also articulated motions that involve large rotations.
2D‐D Lifting for Shape Reconstruction
Authors: Nan Liangliang , Sharf Andrei , Chen Baoquan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe present an algorithm for shape reconstruction from incomplete 3D scans by fusing together two acquisition modes: 2D photographs and 3D scans. The two modes exhibit complementary characteristics: scans have depth information, but are often sparse and incomplete; photographs, on the other hand, are dense and have high resolution, but lack important depth information. In this work we fuse the two modes, taking advantage of their complementary information, to enhance 3D shape reconstruction from an incomplete scan with a 2D photograph. We compute geometrical and topological shape properties in 2D photographs and use them to reconstruct a shape from an incomplete 3D scan in a principled manner. Our key observation is that shape properties such as boundaries, smooth patches and local connectivity, can be inferred with high confidence from 2D photographs. Thus, we register the 3D scan with the 2D photograph and use scanned points as 3D depth cues for lifting 2D shape structures into 3D. Our contribution is an algorithm which significantly regularizes and enhances the problem of 3D reconstruction from partial scans by lifting 2D shape structures into 3D. We evaluate our algorithm on various shapes which are loosely scanned and photographed from different views, and compare them with state‐of‐the‐art reconstruction methods.
Realistic road path reconstruction from GIS data
Authors: Nguyen H.H. , Desbenoit B. , Daniel M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe introduce a new approach to construct smooth piecewise curves representing realistic road paths. Given a GIS database of road networks in which sampled points are organized in 3D polylines, our method creates horizontal, then vertical curves, and finally combines them to produce 3D road paths. We first estimate the possibility of each point of being a junction between two separate primitive curve segments. Next, we design a tree‐traversal algorithm to expand sequences of local best fit primitives which are then merged together with respect to the G1 continuity constraint and civil engineering rules. We apply the Levenberg‐Marquardt method to minimize the error between the resulting curve and the sampled points while preserving the G1 continuity.
Automatic 3D Indoor Scene Updating with RGBD Cameras
Authors: Liu Zhenbao , Tang Sicong , Xu Weiwei , Bu Shuhui , Han Junwei , Zhou Kun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSince indoor scenes are frequently changed in daily life, such as re‐layout of furniture, the 3D reconstructions for them should be flexible and easy to update. We present an automatic 3D scene update algorithm to indoor scenes by capturing scene variation with RGBD cameras. We assume an initial scene has been reconstructed in advance in manual or other semi‐automatic way before the change, and automatically update the reconstruction according to the newly captured RGBD images of the real scene update. It starts with an automatic segmentation process without manual interaction, which benefits from accurate labeling training from the initial 3D scene. After the segmentation, objects captured by RGBD camera are extracted to form a local updated scene. We formulate an optimization problem to compare to the initial scene to locate moved objects. The moved objects are then integrated with static objects in the initial scene to generate a new 3D scene. We demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of our approach by updating the 3D scene of several real‐world scenes.
Illuminant Aware Gamut‐Based Color Transfer
Authors: Nguyen R. M. H. , Kim S. J. , Brown M. S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes a new approach for color transfer between two images. Our method is unique in its consideration of the scene illumination and the constraint that the mapped image must be within the color gamut of the target image. Specifically, our approach first performs a white‐balance step on both images to remove color casts caused by different illuminations in the source and target image. We then align each image to share the same ‘white axis’ and perform a gradient preserving histogram matching technique along this axis to match the tone distribution between the two images. We show that this illuminant‐aware strategy gives a better result than directly working with the original source and target image's luminance channel as done by many previous methods. Afterwards, our method performs a full gamut‐based mapping technique rather than processing each channel separately. This guarantees that the colors of our transferred image lie within the target gamut. Our experimental results show that this combined illuminant‐aware and gamut‐based strategy produces more compelling results than previous methods. We detail our approach and demonstrate its effectiveness on a number of examples.
Perceptually‐motivated Stereoscopic Film Grain
Authors: Templin Krzysztof , Didyk Piotr , Myszkowski Karol , Seidel Hans‐Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIndependent management of film grain in each view of a stereoscopic video can lead to visual discomfort. The existing alternative is to project the grain onto the scene geometry. Such grain, however, looks unnatural, changes object perception, and emphasizes inaccuracies in depth arising during 2D‐to‐3D conversion. We propose an advanced method of grain positioning that scatters the grain in the scene space. In a series of perceptual experiments, we estimate the optimal parameter values for the proposed method, analyze the user preference distribution among the proposed and the two existing methods, and show influence of the method on the object perception.
The evolution of Batesian mimicry within the North American Asidini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Smith Aaron D. , Wilson Joseph S. , Cognato Anthony I. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe asidine darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Asidini) are a diverse tribe of flightless tenebrionids found in many arid and sub‐arid habitats around the world. The 263 currently described North American species are contained in ten genera, all of which are restricted to the western half of the continent. The Asidini, like all members of the subfamily Pimeliinae, lack defensive glands. Instead, several phenotypic traits occur within the tribe that may help limit predation. These include the contrasting defensive strategies of crypsis, through either background matching or pattern disruption, and Batesian mimicry of the chemically defended genus Eleodes. Dorsal elytral morphology was assessed between 53 North American asidine species and 13 common Eleodes model species using multiple methodologies to assess similarities between species in the two groups that might indicate mimetic relationships. A phylogeny of the North American asidines is used to map the occurrence of differing defensive strategies within the tribe. Crypsis is reconstructed as the ancestral state, with two origins for Batesian mimicry and multiple reversals. The combination of strongly to weakly cryptic species and varying levels of mimetic fidelity to Eleodes model species make the asidines a promising lineage upon which to further explore the evolution of defensive phenotypes.
Implant survival in 1‐ versus 2‐implant mandibular overdentures: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Srinivasan Murali , Makarov Nikolay A. , Herrmann François R. , Müller Frauke 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review was performed to compare the survival of 1‐ vs. 2‐implant overdentures (IODs) in the edentulous mandible.Materials and methodsManual and electronic database (PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL) searches were performed to identify scientific articles, published in English, reporting on mandibular IODs utilizing unsplinted attachments. Studies were included if they were prospective human studies reporting on two‐piece microrough surface implants with a diameter ≥3 mm. Data were extracted by two independent investigators, and an overall inter‐investigator kappa score was calculated. A meta‐analysis was performed on the included comparative studies.ResultsThe search shortlisted 30 prospective studies for data extraction and statistical analysis. The included studies comprised of only two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing 1‐ vs. 2‐IODs, and a further 28 prospective studies. The kappa score calculated was between 0.86 and 1 for the various parameters. One RCT favored 1‐IODs (RD: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.14) while the other favored 2‐IODs (RD:−0.04, 95% CI: −0.27, 0.19). However, the overall random effects model did not reveal a significant risk difference (RD) for implant failure between the two interventions (I2 = 36.6%, P = 0.209; RD: 0.05, 95% CI: −0.07, 0.18).ConclusionsThe results of this meta‐analysis conclude that the postloading implant survival of 1‐IODs is not significantly different from 2‐IODs. However, the existing scientific evidence in the literature in terms of prospective comparative studies is scarce. Hence, before recommending the 1‐IOD as a treatment modality, long‐term observations are needed and a larger range of functional, prosthodontic, and patient‐centered outcome measures should be considered.
Sensitization to palladium in Europe
Authors: Muris Joris , Goossens An , Gonçalo Margarida , Bircher Andreas J. , Giménez‐Arnau Ana , Foti Caterina , Bruze Magnus , Andersen Klaus Ejner , Rustemeyer Thomas , Feilzer Albert J. , Kleverlaan Cornelis J. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryBackgroundRecently, sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2PdCl4) was found to be a more sensitive palladium patch test allergen than palladium dichloride (PdCl2).ObjectivesTo determine the optimal test concentration of Na2PdCl4, to evaluate the prevalence of palladium sensitization with Na2PdCl4 and PdCl2, and to compare the results with nickel sensitization in a European multicentre study.Materials and methodsIn addition to the European or national baseline series including NiSO4·6H20 5% pet., consecutive patients were tested with PdCl2 and Na2PdCl4 2%, 3% and 4% pet. in eight European dermatology clinics. The age and sex distributions were also evaluated in patients sensitized to nickel and palladium.ResultsIn total, 1651 patients were tested. Relative to 3% Na2PdCl4, 4% Na2PdCl4 did not add any information. Two per cent Na2PdCl4 resulted in more doubtful reactions and showed suboptimal reactivity. The prevalence of palladium sensitization doubled with Na2PdCl4 and was similar to that of nickel. Interestingly, in contrast to nickel sensitization, palladium sensitization was not related to female sex.ConclusionsThree per cent Na2PdCl4 pet. is the most suitable patch test concentration. Sensitization to palladium is almost as prevalent as sensitization to nickel. The sex distribution is different between nickel‐sensitized and palladium‐sensitized patients, suggesting different sources of exposure.
Hamstrings‐to‐quadriceps strength and size ratios of male professional soccer players with muscle imbalance
Authors: Denadai Benedito Sérgio , de Oliveira Felipe Bruno Dias , Camarda Sérgio Ricardo de Abreu , Ribeiro Leandro , Greco Camila Coelho 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the concentric hamstrings/quadriceps muscle strength (Hcon:Qcon) and cross‐sectional area ratios (Hcsa:Qcsa) in professional soccer players with Hcon:Qcon imbalance. Nine male professional soccer players (25·3 ± 4·1 years) performed five maximal concentric contractions of the knee extensors (KE) and flexors (KF) at 60 s−1 to assess Hcon:Qcon. The test was performed using the dominant (preferred kicking), and non‐dominant limb with a 5‐min recovery period was allowed between them. Only players with Hcon:Qcon < 0·60 (range: 0·45–0·59) in both limbs were included in this study. The muscle cross‐sectional area (CSA) of KE and KF was determined by magnetic resonance imaging. The correlations between Hcon:Qcon and Hcsa:Qcsa in the dominant leg (r = −0·33), non‐dominant leg (r = 0·19) and in the both legs combined (r = 0·28) were not statistically significant (P>0·05). Thus, the Hcon:Qcon seems not to be determined by Hcsa:Qcsa in professional soccer players with Hcon:Qcon imbalance.
Strategies for Appointment Policy Design with Patient Unpunctuality
Authors: Klassen Kenneth J. , Yoogalingam Reena 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTAppointment policy design is complicated by patients who arrive earlier or later than their scheduled appointment time. This article considers the design of scheduling rules in the presence of patient unpunctuality and how they are impacted by various environmental factors. A simulation optimization framework is used to determine how to improve performance by adjusting the schedule of appointments. Prior studies (that did not include patient unpunctuality) have found that a scheduling policy with relatively consistent appointment interval lengths in the form of a dome or plateau dome rule to perform well in a variety of clinic environments. These rules still perform reasonably well here, but it is shown that a combination of variable‐length intervals and block scheduling are better at mitigating the effects of patient unpunctuality. In addition, performance improves if the use of this policy increases toward the end of the scheduling session. Survey and observational data collected at multiple outpatient clinics are used to add realism to the input parameters and develop practical guidelines for appointment policy decision making.
Producing Synergy: Innovation, IT, and Productivity
Authors: Kleis Landon , Nault Barrie R. , Dexter Albert S. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTBringing innovations to market is critical to industrial progress and economic growth. We explore the potential for information technology (IT) to enable innovations, and thus improve productivity. We hypothesize that a knowledge stock of process‐oriented research and development (R&D) increases total factor productivity growth by leveraging traditional forms of capital and labor, and further enhances the ability of IT capital to increase productivity. We estimate these relationships using two broad panels of U.S. industries covering the periods 1987–1998 and 1998–2005. The results indicate qualified support for a synergistic effect of R&D and IT investment in both periods.
The Use of Latent Semantic Analysis in Operations Management Research
Authors: Kulkarni Shailesh S. , Apte Uday M. , Evangelopoulos Nicholas E. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIn this article, we introduce the use of Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) as a technique for uncovering the intellectual structure of a discipline. LSA is an emerging quantitative method for content analysis that combines rigorous statistical techniques and scholarly judgment as it proceeds to extract and decipher key latent factors. We provide a stepwise explanation and illustration for implementing LSA. To demonstrate LSA's ability to uncover the intellectual structure of a discipline, we present a study of the field of Operations Management. We also discuss a number of potential applications of LSA to show how it can be used in empirical Operations Management research, specifically in areas that can benefit from analyzing large volumes of unstructured textual data.
Partially Flexible Operating Rooms for Elective and Emergency Surgeries
Authors: Ferrand Yann B. , Magazine Michael J. , Rao Uday S. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIn hospitals, the management of operating rooms faces a trade‐off between the need to be responsive to emergency surgeries and to conduct scheduled elective surgeries efficiently. Operating rooms can be configured as flexible and handle both electives and emergencies, or as dedicated to focus on either electives or emergencies. With flexible rooms, the prioritization of emergencies over scheduled electives can lead to schedule disruptions. Focused rooms can lead to imbalances between capacity and surgery workload. Whereas hospital administrators typically handle this trade‐off by employing either flexible rooms (complete flexibility) or dedicated rooms (complete focus), we investigate whether a combination of flexible and dedicated rooms (partial flexibility) could be a preferable alternative. The ensuing question is what is the right combination of flexible and dedicated rooms? A versatile simulation model is developed to evaluate different resource allocation policies under various environmental parameters and performance metrics, including patient wait time, staff overtime, and operating room utilization. The main result is that partial flexibility configurations outperform both complete flexibility and complete focus policies by providing solutions with improved values of expected wait time for both emergency and elective patients.
Point‐of‐Use Hybrid Inventory Policy for Hospitals
Authors: Rosales Claudia R. , Magazine Michael , Rao Uday 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTModern point‐of‐use technology at hospitals has enabled new replenishment policies for medical supplies. One of these new policies, which we call the hybrid policy, is currently in use at a large U.S. Midwest hospital. The hybrid policy combines a low‐cost periodic replenishment epoch with a high‐cost continuous replenishment option to avoid costly stockouts. We study this new hybrid policy under deterministic and stochastic demand. We develop a parameter search engine using simulation to optimize the long‐run average cost per unit time and, via a computational study, we provide insights on the benefits (reduction in cost, inventory, and number of replenishments) that hospitals may obtain by using the hybrid policy instead of the commonly used periodic policies. We also use the optimal hybrid policy parameters from the deterministic analysis to propose approximate expressions for the stochastic hybrid policy parameters that can be easily used by hospital management.
Use of first‐order tributaries by brown trout (Salmo trutta) as nursery habitat in a cold water stream network
Authors: Louison Michael J. , Stelzer Robert S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMany investigators have examined the importance of suitable in‐stream habitat and flow regime to salmonid fishes. However, there is much less known about the use of small (<5 l·s−1 discharge) first‐order streams within a larger stream network by salmonids. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of small headwater streams by juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta in the Emmons Creek stream network in Wisconsin, USA, and to determine whether abundance was related to habitat variables in these streams. Fishes in eight spring‐fed first‐order streams were sampled during a 7‐month period using a backpack electroshocker and measured for total length. Habitat variables assessed included stream discharge, water velocity, sediment composition and the abundance of cover items (woody debris and macrophytes). Densities of YOY trout ranged from 0 to 1 per m2 over the course of the study and differed among first‐order streams. Stepwise multiple regression revealed discharge to be negatively associated with trout density in spring but not in summer. All other habitat variables were not significantly related to trout density. Our results demonstrate the viability of small first‐order streams as nursery habitat for brown trout and support the inclusion of headwater streams in conservation and stream restoration efforts.
Effects of an invasive consumer on zooplankton communities are unaltered by nutrient inputs
Authors: Sinclair James S. , Arnott Shelley E. 
Published: October 2014

Summary

Interactions between multiple anthropogenic stressors can have unexpected synergistic or antagonistic effects, making it difficult to predict their combined effects using single‐stressor studies. The interaction between invasive consumers and nutrient enrichment is particularly important as both stressors frequently co‐occur, and their respective bottom‐up and top‐down effects have the potential to interact across multiple trophic levels.

We conducted a mesocosm experiment that crossed an increasing nutrient addition gradient against an increasing zebra mussel invasion gradient. Native zooplankton communities were added to the mesocosms, and after 3 months, we examined how the single‐stressor effects on available resources and the zooplankton community were altered by their multiple‐stressor interaction.

Added nutrients had no effect on small phytoplankton, but increased the abundance and dominance of copepods and reduced the density of large phytoplankton, probably due to increased top‐down predation pressure. Zebra mussels reduced large phytoplankton concentration by about 80%, rotifer abundance by about 75%, and shifted communities towards dominance by cladocerans and adult/juvenile copepods.

When combined, the top‐down control exerted by the mussels interacted antagonistically to prevent any bottom‐up influence of nutrient enrichment on the zooplankton community. These results provide insight into the potential outcomes of nutrient and invasive consumer stressor interactions, and illustrate the need for researchers to consider environmental change in a multiple‐stressor context.