bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copper-cysteamine nanoparticle-mediated microwave dynamic therapy promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by inhibiting promoting ferroptosis via downregulating PTK2B
Authors: Zhou Hui , Zhang ZiJiang , Liu Zhongtao , Xiong Li , Wen Yu , Liu Juan , Chen Wei , Xu Jiachi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Cancer metastasis stands as the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent studies highlight the role of ferroptosis in inhibiting cancer metastasis. In our prior research, we discovered that Cu-Cy-mediated Microwave Dynamic Therapy (MWDT) triggered ferroptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, leading to reduced cell proliferation. However, the impact of MWDT on tumor metastasis remains unclear, as does the mechanism behind induced iron death. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of MWDT on CRC cell metastasis and uncover the underlying mechanisms. Our findings reveal that MWDT effectively suppresses CRC cell metastasis and significantly decreases PTK2B expression. Functional analyses demonstrate that altering PTK2B expression levels can modulate CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Further investigations unveil PTK2B's regulation of GPX4 and ACSL4 expression, which in turn influences LPO and MDA levels. Targeted overexpression of PTK2B attenuates MWDT's pro-ferroptosis effect and partially reverses its inhibitory effects on tumor cell metastasis and proliferation. Collectively, these results suggest that MWDT inhibits CRC progression and metastasis through PTK2B-mediated ferroptosis, presenting a novel therapeutic approach for metastatic cancer.
New domain decomposition algorithm for convection-dominated diffusion equations with the Samarskii scheme and the Jacobi explicit scheme
Authors: Xue Guanyu , Gao Yulong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A new algorithm for convection-dominated diffusion equations is proposed. Based on the domain decomposition method (DDM), the algorithm integrates the Samarskii scheme and the Jacobi explicit scheme with explicit/implicit coupling to provide parallelism. The domain decomposition method decomposes a large global problem into multiple sub-problems which can be solved on multiple processors in parallel. The parallel algorithm without needing numerical correction can obtain accuracy of Samarskii scheme while maintaining unconditional stability, which marks a step forward compared to the previous DDM. Both theoretical analysis and numerical examples show the accuracy and efficiency of the new algorithm.
AMS Subject Classification: 65M06; 65M12; 65M55; 65Y05
A Self-Questioning Framework Towards Knowledge Self-Organization in Children's Readings via Hybrid Prompt Learning
Authors: He Guoxiu , Yao Jiacheng , Xu Xin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The cultivation of children's intellectual and literacy skills will benefit from heuristic questioning in educational readings like fairy tales. However, as not all stories naturally encompass expert-derived questions, machine-generated questions need to serve as indispensable supplements to enrich the learning experience. Unfortunately, current text generation models fail to generate high-cognitive educational questions closely related to diverse knowledge of stories. To this end, we propose a novel framework that employs automatic hybrid prompt learning to enable self-questioning to organize knowledge. Initially, we design an identifier to locate sentences containing knowledge within a given text, and then train a model to generate corresponding knowledge inferences. Each inference, which acts as the hard prompt, is concatenated with the soft prompt (\textit{i.e.}, learnable parameters) to construct the hybrid prompt. Equipped with these prompts, pre-trained language models can be facilitated to generate questions and then their answers. These question and answer pairs are distillations of the reading's knowledge. We evaluate the generation performance of our framework on an educational question-answering benchmark known as FairytaleQA. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework outperforms baselines according to automatic and manual evaluation metrics. Notably, our approach excels at generating diverse heuristic questions. Moreover, our work holds the potential to contribute significantly to the advancement of children's education.
α-robust analysis of the mixed finite element method for the time-fractional Navier-Stokes equations
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhu Rui , Wei Yabing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the fully discrete mixed finite element approximation for the Navier-Stokes equations,incorporating the Caputo fractional derivative with an order $\alpha\in(0,1)$.For spatial discretization of the time-fractional Navier-Stokes equations,the Taylor-Hood finite element method is utilized.In the temporal direction, both the L1 scheme and the fast L1 scheme are employed under nonuniform meshes.The stability and convergence of these schemes are established,evaluating the velocity field in both $L^2$-norm and $H^1$-norm,and the pressure in the $L^2$-norm. Notably, all results demonstrate $\alpha$-robustness,ensuring their validity as $\alpha$ approaches 1 from the left.Furthermore, numerical experiments are conducted to validate the theoretical findings,and comparisons with the classical Navier-Stokes equations are presentedto enhance comprehension and practical application of these two model types.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 65M06; 65M12; 65M60.
Correlation of enamel surface roughness, hardness, and demineralization following the use of orthodontic brackets
Authors: Zawawi Rahaf , Almosa Naif 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to assess the correlation among altered enamel surface roughness, micro-hardness, and demineralization depth follwing the use of orthodontic brackets.
Materials and methods
Data of enamel surface roughness, micro-hardness, and demineralization depth were retrieved from two previous studies (each included 99 extracted human premolar teeth). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between variables.
Results
There was a non- significant weak positive correlation between enamel surface roughness and demineralization depth (r = + 0.151, P = 0.134). A significantly moderate negative correlation was observed between enamel surface micro-hardness and demineralization depth (r = − 0.504, P < 0.001). In addition, a significantly weak negative correlation was observed between the enamel surface roughness and micro-hardness (r = − 0.289, P = 0.004).
Conclusion
Enamel surface properties could affect each other and influence demineralization penetration. Enamel surface roughness is inversely correlated with hardness, and its hardness is inversely correlated with the demineralization depth. Clinical relevance: Dental enamel demineralization is multifactorial; there is limited data regarding enamel surface characteristics contribution its demineralization. This paper focuses on evaluating the correlation between altered enamel surface roughness, micro-hardness, and demineralization depth following the use of orthodontic brackets; thus, the gained data will offer a valuable information for current orthodontic practice (toward a more preventive practice), future research, and material improvement.
Thermodynamic modelling of Ag-Si nano phase diagram including shape effect
Authors: singroha Seema , Yadav Pooja , Kashyap Sanjay , Shekhar Chander 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

CALPHAD method is an especially effective method to calculate the nano phase diagram of systems by combining the thermodynamic database for the bulk with that of the nano systems. In the present study, the influence of particle size and shape has been studied for Ag-Si the system. The Ag-Si system's thermodynamic characteristics are strongly impacted by the change in particle size. The variation in melting temperature of nano particles due to change in their shape has also been calculated for different shapes like thin film, icosahedron, wire, spherical, hexahedron, octahedron and tetrahedron for Ag nanoparticles. It is found that melting temperature depression is minimum for thin films and maximum for tetrahedron-shaped nanoparticles. In this study, the calculated nano phase diagram and the bulk experimental data were compared.
Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Observable Social Cognition Rating Scale (OSCARS) in Arabic-speaking patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Kerbage Georges , Hachem Nagham , Murr Michelle El , Haddad Georges , Hayek Elissar El , Hallit Souheil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
No Arabic-language version of the Observable Social Cognition Rating Scale (OSCARS) has been made available that allows to properly and specifically assess the social cognition (SC) construct in Arabic-speaking populations, and inform the development and evaluation of strategies aimed at improving clinical and functional outcomes. Besides, only scant research has been done on SC in schizophrenia in the Arab contexts. This study aimed to examine the preliminary psychometric characteristics of the Arabic translated version of the OSCARS, including factor structure, reliability, concurrent validity and measurement invariance across sex.
Method
This cross-sectional study has been conducted during February and March 2024, and included 113 chronic, remitted and clinically stable patients with schizophrenia (mean age of 57.52 ± 10.35 years, 63.5% males).
Results
The originally proposed two-factor model (Social Cognitive Bias and Social Cognitive Ability) showed acceptable model fit in our sample of Arabic-speaking patients with schizophrenia, after removal of two items (items 2 and 3) which yielded low factor loadings. The Arabic version of the OSCARS total and factor scores showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha for of .85-.94. Measurement invariance was established across sex groups at the configural, metric, and scalar levels. No significant differences emerged between male and female patients for latent mean scores of the OSCARS. Finally, concurrent validity was supported by appropriate patterns of correlations with functioning, recovery and emotional intelligence measures. In particular, SC scores correlated negatively and moderately with levels of functioning and recovery of patients, as well as negatively and strongly with self-reported emotional intelligence.
Conclusion
The Arabic OSCARS stands out as a brief, valid, reliable and comprehensive assessment tool to evaluate SC in Arabic-speaking patients with schizophrenia based on the perspectives of interviewers. Offering the Arabic validated version of the OSCARS to clinicians and researchers who work in Arab settings may close the existing gap in the assessment of SC in schizophrenia. Due to its easy and fast application, the Arabic OSCARS is believed to be highly valuable in clinical and research practices.
Neoadjuvant Sintilimab Plus Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Real-World Study
Authors: Wang Congcong , XU Lulu , LIU Zeyu , JIANG Fenge , LIU Jiannan , SUN Ping , LIU Aina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Immunotherapy has demonstrated promise in treating advanced esophageal cancer, yet evidence on neoadjuvant immunotherapy for locally advanced cases remains limited. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: A retrospective review of 54 patients undergoing radical esophageal cancer surgery following neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy was conducted. The treatment regimen consisted of sintilimab (200mg) with albumin paclitaxel (100 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8) and cisplatin (75 mg/m2 on day 1) every 3 weeks. Efficacy and safety were evaluated, alongside peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulation counts and clinicopathological characteristics to identify predictive factors of neoadjuvant efficacy.
Results: All 54 patients underwent surgery, with 53(98.1%) achieving R0 resection. Pathological complete response (pCR) was observed in 22(40.7%) patients. The overall response rate (ORR) was 83.3% (45/54) and the DCR was 100.00% (54/54). A significant association between pCR and CD4+/CD8+ ratio and frequency of CD4+ T cell (p = 0.01, p = 0.01) was identified.
Conclusions: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy combining sintilimab with chemotherapy resulted in favorable clinical outcomes in locally advanced ESCC, accompanied by well tolerability. Peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ ratio and frequency of CD4+ T cell emerged as promising predictive biomarkers for treatment efficacy.
Influence of Cold Temperatures on Pollen Viability and Agronomic Traits of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) in the Post-Rainy Season
Authors: Gaddameedi Anil , Phuke Rahul M , Gorthy Sunita , J Jayakumar. , Bomma Naresh , Kumar A. Ashok 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Low night temperatures during the November-December flowering stage significantly impact sorghum production in semi-arid regions of India, particularly during critical growth stages. To address this issue, a randomized complete block design experiment was conducted at ICRISAT, India, to characterize 16 sorghum genotypes, including nine varieties and seven hybrid parental lines, across controlled environment research facilities and precision experimental fields, with three replications for each genotype. The study found B line 296B and R line ICSR 93034 to be the most susceptible to cold treatments, while B lines 104B, ICSB52, and 185B showed better tolerance. Popular post-rainy sorghum cultivars and a line from Russia demonstrated cold tolerance, exhibiting higher values for pollen viability, panicle harvest index (PHI), and grain yield with minimal deviation between cold and control treatments. Treatment 2 (25°C/5°C) had the most detrimental effects, with the lowest values for pollen viability, PHI, and grain yield. Significant positive correlations were found between PHI (r = 0.67, p ≤ 0.01) and pollen viability (r = 0.50, p ≤ 0.01) with grain yield, indicating PHI's efficacy as a phenotypic indicator for cold tolerance. In field experiments, genotypes and date of sowing (DOS) significantly affected all studied traits, except plant height, with mean PHI, panicle weight, and grain yield notably reduced with the second DOS (8th November), highlighting the impact of cold on sorghum genotypes.
Impact of Temperature Upon Expression Levels of Thrr, Gnrhr, and Fshr Leading to Gonadal Maturation of G5 Transgenicmutiara Strain Female Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus)
Authors: Grandiosa Roffi , Buwono Ibnu Dwi , Mulyani Yuniar , Pratiwy Fittrie Meyllianawaty 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aims to determine the impact of temperature upon the relative expression ratio of thyroid hormone receptor (THRr), gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHr), follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHr) and ꞵ-actin genes as internal control expression in transgenic G5 mutiara female catfish and non-transgenic catfish using real-time PCR. In addition, the expression of growth hormone (GH) and estradiol (E2) levels which both induced gonadal growth was further observed. The temperature treatment (A: 22°C; B: 26°C; C: 30°C for transgenic fish; and A*: 22°C; B*: 26°C; C*: 30°C for non-transgenic fish) were designed with 6 replicates (n = 6) during a 60-day rearing period. A warm temperature (26°C) was the optimum temperature that induced THRr, GnRHr, FSHr gene expressions (means, 3.40 ± 0.69, 4.23 ± 0.62, 7.25 ± 0.43 respectively) and induced higher GH (means, 6.13 ± 0.78 ng/ml) and E2 (means 5.78 ± 1.05 ng/ml) levels leading to an increase in transgenic ovary weight (means, 59.90 ± 2.20 g) in transgenic fish higher than non-transgenic. Meanwhile, low temperature (22°C) and high temperature (30°C) caused a decrease in the expression levels of THRr, GnRHr, FSHr for transgenic fish and for non-transgenic fish. The presence of CgGH in G5 transgenic catfish was able to maintain adequate GH levels and has the potential to stimulate the growth of female gonads at high temperatures (30°C).
The Risk Factors for Massive Cerebral Infarction Secondary to Epidural Hematoma Caused by Brain Trauma in Children
Authors: Yao Guojie , Si Yue , Lu Dan , 赵 晗文 , Jiang Xiaobing , Zhang Gang , Wang Jiancai , Yang Liu , Yang Yanping , Li Yuqian , Zhao Haikang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Massive cerebral infarction (MCI), which is associated with adverse outcomes and significant mortality rates, is one of the most severe complications following epidural hematoma (EDH) caused by brain trauma. In pediatric patients, the incidence of MCI is higher than in adults, yet current research on this condition remains limited. We conducted a multi-center retrospective study, collecting 15 clinical indicators from a cohort of 62 pediatric EDH patients who developed MCI and 65 pediatric EDH patients without MCI. The univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed for the preliminary evaluation of post-operative MCI to obtain the influencing factors of MCI. Of various parameters, 8 potential risk factors of cerebral infarction were revealed through the univariate analysis with statistically significant differences. And multivariate analysis of these indicators showed that 7 factors, including age, mid-line shift, preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale scores, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, multiple injuries, mydriasis and perioperative shock turned out to be the main significant risk factors. Our results provide predictors for children cerebral infarction, making early recognition for risks and aggressive managements more possible to prevent MCI.
Research on Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Simulation Source Domain to Experimental Target Domain with Improved Alternating Transfer Learning
Authors: Wang Heng , Wang Peng , Wang Siyuan , Li Danqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Rolling bearing fault diagnosis is of significant importance in practical production and life. However, existing research still faces certain challenges. For instance, source domain data for rolling bearing fault diagnosis often originates from laboratory experiments, making it difficult to acquire real-world data during the transfer learning process. Additionally, the training approach of domain adaptation networks lags behind, failing to fully leverage the advantages of loss functions. To address these issues, this paper proposes a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on joint IATL (Improved Alternating Transfer Learning) from the dynamics simulation model source domain to the target domain. This paper considers the influence of real-time positions of rolling elements on the radial displacement excitation function when the rolling elements enter the defect region and takes into account factors such as the size of fault defects and bearing speed on the impact force at the edge of rolling elements after impacting defects. The dynamic equations of rolling bearings are modified to construct a dynamic simulation model of rolling bearing fault states to obtain a source domain dataset with rich fault label information. To harness the high recognition rate of CNN for images and improve the training speed of the model, vibration signal time-domain waveforms are directly converted into grayscale images as inputs to the neural network. An improved alternating transfer learning approach is proposed to enhance the loss function and training method for transfer learning. This is achieved by alternately calculating loss functions in different layers, reducing the distance between different domains, and updating network parameters alternately, harnessing the complementary advantages of different loss functions. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) bearing dataset is used as the target domain dataset. Three experimental verifications are conducted involving the same bearing model, cross-bearing model, and a small-sample dataset in the transfer from simulation domain to target domain. The results indicate that compared to algorithms that only calculate CORAL and MMD loss functions, this paper’s algorithm effectively reduces the feature distribution differences between domain data and exhibits a higher fault classification accuracy.
The Influencing Factors and Bridge Relationships of PTSD and Depression Symptoms among Snakebite Victims: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Survey
Authors: Chen Yu , FU Wenning , Song Xingyue , Hu Yanlan , Wang Juntao , Hao Wenjie , He Lanfen , Diané Mohamed , Souaré Ibrahima Sory , Guo Wei , Lv Chuanzhu , Han Xiaotong , Yan shijiao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The incidence of comorbid depression and Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is higher in snakebite victims. However, it is currently unclear the current situation and influencing factors of depression and PTSD in Chinese snakebite victims.
Methods
A representative sample of 6837 snakebite victims were assessed with the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (Civilian Version) and The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Multivariate analyses, including network analysis, evaluated the influencing factors of PTSD and depression caused by snake bites, as well as the bridge symptoms of comorbidity networks.
Results
Among 6,837 snakebite victims, 79.5% reported PTSD symptoms and 81.4% reported depression. Comorbidity of PTSD and depression was found in 75.1%. Key factors included the presence sequelae after snakebite (ORPTSD =2.307, ORDepression=1.885), time to medical facilities (6–8 hours: ORPTSD =3.172, ORDepression =2.462), and marital status (divorced/widowed: ORPTSD =1.784, ORDepression =1.760). Symptoms I1 ("Repeated disturbing memories") and D1 ("Bothered by things that don’t usually bother me") bridged PTSD and depression networks.
Conclusion
The primary psychological challenges for snakebite victims in China are Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, which is concerning. Standardized diagnosis and treatments, timely medical care, and stable marital relationships can reduce risks. Additional psychological support, especially for those with severe bridge symptoms, and managing negative memories can help. Further research should concentrate on understanding victims' psychological states and developing effective interventions. And devising effective intervention programs.
Histopathology of the Tongue in a Hamster Model of COVID-19
Authors: Coggins John M , Saito Marina Hosotani , Cook Rebecca , Urata Shinji , Urata Megumi , Harsell Nantian Lin , Tan Wilhelmina Nanrui , Figueira Bibiana Toro , Bradley Megan , Quadri Nadia Z. , Saripada Janisah Amirah I. , Reyna Rachel A. , Maruyama Junki , Paessler Slobodan , Makishima Tomoko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
With altered sense of taste being a common symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), our objective was to investigate the presence and distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) within the tongue over the course of infection.
Methods
Golden Syrian hamsters were inoculated intranasally with SARS-CoV-2 and tongues were collected at 2, 3, 5, 8, 17, 21, 35, and 42 days post-infection (dpi) for analysis. In order to test for gross changes in the tongue, the papillae of the tongue were counted. Paraffin-embedded thin sections of the tongues were labeled for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antigen.
Results
There was no difference in fungiform or filiform papillae density throughout the course of infection. SARS-CoV-2 antigen was observed in the circumvallate papillae taste buds (3–35 dpi) and autonomic ganglia (5–35 dpi), as well as in the serous and mucous salivary glands of the posterior tongue (2–42 dpi).
Conclusion
The presence and distribution of SARS-CoV-2 suggest that the virus could cause taste disturbance by infecting the circumvallate taste buds. This effect could be exacerbated by a diminished secretion of saliva caused by infection of the serous salivary glands and the autonomic ganglia which innervate them.