bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congenital midgut malrotation causing intestinal obstruction in midpregnancy managed by prolonged total parenteral nutrition: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Young Bruce K. , Kurtz Angela , Fraser Candice 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background: A review of the English literature from 1980 to 2010 revealed only six gravidas managed by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for at least 16 weeks of pregnancy. We found only two gravidas with obstruction due to malrotation, both managed surgically.

Case: We report a unique case of bowel obstruction presenting in the second trimester due to congenital malrotation of the small intestine that was conservatively managed by prolonged TPN, with the delivery of a healthy term baby girl. Surgical correction was delayed until the patient was not pregnant.

Conclusion: Intestinal obstruction in pregnancy is rare, and malrotation of the small bowel as the cause is extremely rare. This is the first case of intestinal obstruction in midtrimester in which prolonged TPN was employed when surgery was contraindicated. TPN may be considered if surgery cannot be performed, with an excellent outcome likely.
Exploring structurally conservative blocks as universal templates for modeling eukaryotic cytochrome P450s
Authors: Tu Youbin 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background: An increasing number of crystal structures for eukaryotic P450s have been published, which provided the chance to explore more structural features and construct some knowledge-based methods to facilitate modeling.

Methods: The crystal structures of 14 cytochrome P450s (CYP450) were selected to extract generic spatial anchors typical for three-dimensional (3D) structures of eukaryotic P450s. Multiple sequence alignment and structural superimposition were applied to recognize evolutionarily conserved regions.

Results: Regions containing uninterrupted helical components were identified as structurally conservative blocks (SCBs). The reliability and robustness of the SCBs were further evaluated by sequence entropy and structural deviation. Finally, these SCBs were applied and tested directly in constructing the homology model of the P450 1B1.

Conclusions: SCBs could potentially be applied as universal template to standardize the homology modeling procedure and help predict drug metabolism preferences for eukaryotic P450s.
Synthesis and fungicidal activity of dehydroabietyl-1,2,4-triazolo-thiazolidinones
Authors: Xu Xue-Tang , Ma Xian-Li , Duan Wen-Gui , Chen Li , Cen Bo , Mo Qi-Jin , Wang Jian-Yi 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
In search of novel potent bioactive compounds, a series of novel dehydroabietic acid derivatives bearing 1,2,4-triazolo-thiazolidinone moieties were designed and synthesized. Seven compounds were synthesized of the type 6-substituted benzylidene-3-dehydroabietyl-thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazol-5-ones. To this purpose a condensation reaction was performed with 3-dehydroabietyl-thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazol-5-one and various aromatic aldehydes. All the title compounds were analyzed and characterized by means of IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. A preliminary bioassay showed that, at a concentration of 50 μg ml-1, the target compounds exhibited the best fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum) of the five fungi tested (F. oxysporum f. cucumerinum, Alternaria solani, Physalospora piricola, Cercospora arachidicola, and F. graminearum).
Wood capillarity and deacetylation during eucalyptus alkaline impregnation. Sulphidity effects and comparison between transverse directions
Authors: Inalbon María Cristina , Montagna Pablo N. , Galván María Verónica , Demonte Luciano , Zanuttini Miguel A. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The relative ion transport capacity of wood – the “effective capillary cross sectional area" (ECCSA) – is determined in this work, based on the analogy with the relation between the electrical conductivities of wood and liquid medium. Wood was treated under different conditions and then the corresponding ECCSAA (the index A is for alkali) is estimated from the value obtained in an inert solution at room temperature (ECCSAInert). The difference between radial and tangential ECCSAA values is constant irrespective of pH, time, temperature and the presence of sodium sulfide in the treatment liquor. The results show that ECCSAA is dependent on the degree of removal of native acetyl groups from hardwood O-acetyl-glucuronoxylan. A kinetic expression for Eucalyptus wood deacetylation is validated and used to establish the relationship between the acetyl content and ECCSAA in both anatomical directions.
On the existence of global saturation for spectral regularization methods with optimal qualification
Authors: Mazzieri Gisela L. , Spies Ruben D. , Temperini Karina G. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract.
A family of real functions defining a spectral
regularization method with optimal qualification is considered. Sufficient condition on the family and on the optimal
qualification guaranteeing the existence of saturation are
established. Appropriate characterizations of both the saturation
function and the saturation set are found and some examples are
provided.
How safe is preterm operative vaginal delivery and which is the instrument of choice?
Authors: Corcoran Siobhan , Daly Niamh , Eogan Maeve , Holohan Mary , Clarke Tom , Geary Michael 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine neonatal outcomes in preterm operative vaginal delivery given the current paucity of data available to guide clinicians.

Study design: A retrospective review of 64 cases was conducted, and neonatal outcomes were compared to spontaneous vaginal deliveries in similar gestations. The primary outcomes studied were death and occurrence of intraventricular haemorrhage. Secondary outcomes included admission to NICU, Apgar <3 at 5 min, ventilation requirement, jaundice requiring treatment, culture-proven sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis. The study was conducted in a stand-alone maternity unit of approximately 9000 deliveries per year.

Results and conclusions: We concluded that although vacuum delivery is avoided in preterm infants, outcomes were similar to forceps deliveries of similar gestations.
Defining hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in newborn infants: benchmarking in a South African population
Authors: Horn Alan R. , Swingler George H. , Myer Landon , Harrison Michael C. , Linley Lucy L. , Nelson Candice , Tooke Lloyd , Rhoda Natasha R. , Robertson Nicola J. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Objectives: There are few population-based studies of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in sub-Saharan Africa, and the published criteria that are used to define and grade HIE are too variable for meaningful comparisons between studies and populations. Our objectives were (1) to investigate how the incidence of HIE in our region varies with different criteria for intrapartum hypoxia and (2) to determine how encephalopathy severity varies with different grading systems.

Method: We reviewed the records of infants with a diagnosis of HIE born between September 2008 and March 2009 in public facilities in the Southern Cape Peninsula, South Africa. The incidence of HIE was calculated according to four definitions of intrapartum hypoxia and graded according to three methods.

Results: Depending on which defining criteria were applied, the incidence of HIE varied from 2.3 to 4.3 per 1000 live births, of mild HIE ranged from 0.4 to 1.3 per 1000 live births, and of moderate-severe HIE ranged from 1.5 to 3.7 per 1000 live births. Ninety-seven of the 110 (88%) infants reviewed had at least one intrapartum-related abnormality. Only 62 (56%) infants had a blood gas performed in the first hour of life.

Conclusion: The incidence and grade of HIE can vary more than 2-fold in the same population, depending on which defining criteria are used. Consensus definitions are needed for benchmarking.
Fighting Sicilian Corruption, One Vine at a Time
Authors: doezema marie 
Published: August 2012

For the last decade, Libera Terra has been operating in Italy as a cooperative that turns land once used by the mafia into organic farms and undulating vineyards. Lemons, lentils, chickpeas, grapes—the land is as stunningly beautiful as it is heavy with history. The cooperative aims to make products that people buy not just for their stories but for their quality; provide workers with fair wages and respect; improve the daunting unemployment rate in Sicily, particularly among youth; and undo decades worth of systemic corruption. In 1996, the Italian government passed a law allowing land formerly used by the Mafia to be taken over by social cooperatives like Libera Terra.
Centopassi is a winery under the umbrella of the Libera Terra cooperative. Self-described as “an attempt to produce high-quality wines as a way to give new dignity to lands and people that deserve a better future,” the wine label takes its name from the 2000 film of the same name, meaning “One Hundred Steps,” about the life of Giuseppe “Peppino” Impastato, an anti-Mafia activist who was killed in 1976.
Comparison of a soluble co-formulation of insulin degludec/insulin aspart vs biphasic insulin aspart 30 in type 2 diabetes: a randomised trial
Authors: Niskanen Leo , Leiter Lawrence A , Franek Edward , Weng Jianping , Damci Taner , Muñoz-Torres Manuel , Donnet Jean-Paul , Endahl Lars , Skjøth Trine Vang , Vaag Allan 
Published: August 2012

The journal and the authors apologise for errors in Table 2 of this article that was published in the August issue (vol 167, pp 287–294). The n values were incorrectly published. The correct values are presented below and the table is published in full below.Table 2Observed mean changes from baseline HbA1c, FPG and body weight. Data are observed as mean (s.d.) for all randomised subjects (full analysis set).nBaselineaWeek 16bChange from baselineHbA1c (%) IDegAsp618.5 (1.2)6.7 (1.0)−1.8 (1.1)c AF598.5 (0.9)6.6 (0.6)−1.9 (1.1)c BIAsp 30628.6 (1.0)6.7 (0.7)−1.8 (0.9)cFPG (mmol/l) IDegAsp6111.5 (2.6)6.4 (2.2)−5.1 (2.9) AF5911.8 (2.9)6.5 (1.9)−5.3 (3.0) BIAsp 306211.7 (3.1)7.5 (2.1)−4.3 (3.0)Body Weight (kg) IDegAsp6187.5 (16.3)88.6 (16.9)1.1 (2.8) AF5984.9 (14.3)85.6 (14.9)0.7 (2.5) BIAsp 306291.8 (13.5)93.2 (13.1)1.4 (3.2)aValues at randomisation.bLast observation carried forward.c% points.
Indium tin oxide modified by titanium dioxide nanoparticles dispersed in poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) for use as an electron-collecting layer in organic solar cells with an inverted structure
Authors: Shim Jae Won , Cheun Hyeunseok , Dindar Amir , Kim Yunsang , Zhou Yinhua , Fuentes-Hernandez Canek , Hwang Do-Kyung , Perry Joseph W. , Kippelen Bernard 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Nucleation and Growth Behavior of Quaternary-Sputtered Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Thin Films
Authors: Myers Jason D. , Frantz Jesse A. , Bekele Robel Y. , Nguyen Vinh Q. , Bruce Allan , Frolov Sergey V. , Cyrus Michael , Sanghera Jas S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn the past two decades, the growing global demand for solar energy has spurred scientific interest in alternative technologies to conventional silicon. In particular, CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) has emerged as a competitor. We have developed a scalable deposition technique using RF magnetron sputtering of quaternary CIGS. Notably, the resulting films do not require postselenization, reducing processing time and cost. We have fabricated devices above 10% efficiency using this approach, showing its promise as a production method for highperformance CIGS photovoltaics. However, the morphology of the sputtered CIGS layer is markedly different from conventional evaporated films; grain sizes vary through the thickness of the film, with numerous small grains dominating at the Mo/CIGS interface that then either terminate or grow in an inverted-pyramid fashion to form large, columnar grains at the CIGS/CdS interface.To better understand the origin of this morphology, we have studied the growth behavior of the CIGS layer using a combination of atomic force microscopy and electron microscopy to observe initial nucleation and grain growth behavior of quaternary-sputtered CIGS. We also discuss the effects of interfacial layers at the Mo/CIGS interface, demonstrating a novel wetting layer that conformally coats the Mo surface.
Synthesis of Iron Pyrite Film through Low Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Adusumilli Siva P , Dhakal Tara P , Westgate Charles R 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTPyrite phase of FeS2 has attracted substantial attention in the field of thin film solar technology because of its high optical absorption coefficient (~5 x 105 cm-1 at hν > 1.3eV) and the band gap of 0.95 eV. In this research, we have grown highly pure iron pyrite films using a low temperature atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition technique. The synthesis temperature is in the range of 375-400°C and Di-tert-butyl disulfide (TBDS) is used as the sulfur precursor. TBDS is a safe and low cost sulfur source unlike H2S, which is highly toxic and requires extreme care in handling. The films obtained were uniform and free from common impurity phases such as troilite and marcasite. The FeS2 films grown earlier with CVD synthesis and sulfurized using H2S had pinholes and contained secondary phases like marcasite and troilite. The FeS2 pyrite phase was confirmed using various characterization techniques that included SEM, EDS, XRD and XPS.
Electroluminescence of p-GaN/MgO/n-ZnO Heterojunction Light-emitting Diodes
Authors: Chen XinYi , Ng Alan M. C. , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Ling Chi Chung , Chan Wai-Kin , Fong Wai Keung , Lui Hsian Fei , Surya Charles 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTLight-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on p-GaN/ZnO heterojunction were fabricated. GaN was deposited on sapphire using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and two kinds of ZnO i.e. ZnO thin film deposited by sputtering and ZnO nanorods (NRs) grown by hydrothermal method were used as n-type layer respectively. MgO film with the thickness around 10 nm was deposited by electron-beam deposition to act as an interlayer between GaN and ZnO. Photoluminescence, electroluminescence and I-V curves were measured to compare the properties of GaN based heterojunction LEDs with different architectures. The existence of MgO interlayer as well as the morphology of ZnO obviously influenced the electrical and optical properties of GaN based LEDs. The effect of MgO interlayer on ZnO growth, properties and I-V curves and emission spectra of LEDs is discussed in detail.
Near-surface Seismic Investigation of Barringer (Meteor) Crater, Arizona
Authors: Roy Soumya , Stewart Robert R. 
Published: August 2012

We investigated the shallow subsurface of Barringer (Meteor) Crater, Arizona using high-resolution seismic methods. The seismic surveys were conducted in May, 2010 during a joint expedition by the University of Houston, the University of Texas at Austin, and the Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI). We performed compressional (P)-wave refraction analysis on the seismic data and found P-wave velocities of 450–2,500 m/s for a 55-m deep model. Away from the crater rim (toward the south), the shallow P-wave low-velocity layers thin. We also estimated a near-surface, shear (S)-wave velocity structure using a surface-wave inversion method. S-wave velocities vary from 200–700 m/s for the top 16–20 m, increasing to 900–1,000 m/s at 38-m depth. We interpret a prominent change in S-wave velocity (at around 500–600 m/s) as the transition from the ejecta blanket (a sheet of debris thrown out of the crater during the impact) to the bed-rock Moenkopi sandstone. The ejecta is characterized as unconsolidated, low velocity, and low density. This S-wave transition takes place at a depth range of 12–20 m near the crater rim with a thinning away from the crater rim. This consistent P-wave and S-wave structure is interpreted as the ejecta blanket. Ultrasonic measurements on hand samples collected during the expedition give a range of P-wave velocities of 800–1,600 m/s for the Moenkopi. Predicted bulk densities from estimated S-wave velocities using modified Gardner's equation fall in the range of 1.8–2.5 gm/cm3, with low-density materials (ejecta) underlain by high-density materials (bedrock). These density results, along with available drilling information and residual gravity anomalies, also support the thinning of the ejecta blanket.
Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) in Karst Terrain, Southwest Georgia: Implications for Detecting Anomalous Features and Fracture Zones
Authors: Parker E. Horry , Hawman Robert B. 
Published: August 2012

Multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) was used to map bedrock topography, image anomalies in the soil overburden, and detect variations in the degree of limestone weathering in covered, karst terrain near Albany, Georgia. Surface-wave data were acquired along seven parallel lines and two perpendicular cross-lines. Two surveys using a hammer and moving van-source were conducted to address the trade-off between lateral resolution and depth penetration. Resolution matrices show that the depth ranges most effectively imaged are 0.5–4 m for half-spread hammer data, 3–12 m for full-spread hammer data, and 8–20 m for van-source data. A steep S-velocity gradient marked by the 350 m/s contour at depths of 9–12 m is interpreted as the bedrock surface, in agreement with coincident borehole data. The models indicate variations within limestone bedrock (S-velocity: 350–700 m/s) and anomalous zones within the sandy-clay overburden. Standard penetration tests at two locations 45-m apart confirm variations in limestone rigidity suggested by the velocity models. At one location, a dissolution feature (N-value: 0) within highly weathered, saturated limestone (N-values: 12 and 19) correlates with low S-velocities (<350 m/s). Borehole data from the second location shows more rigid limestone (N-values: 25 and 34) that correlates with S-velocities between 350–400 m/s. A zone of weathered rock at depths of 12–20 m imaged along a suspected fracture zone is consistent with borehole data and sinkhole formation at the ground surface. An anomaly associated with a burn pit at the intersection of two perpendicular profiles was imaged at two different scales. S-velocity models and distinct changes in apparent velocity of direct P-waves and surface waves across shot gathers constrain the lateral and vertical extent of the anomaly, and borehole data verify changes in soil composition and depth (5 m) to the base of the anomaly.
Practical Estimation of Near-surface Bulk Density Variations Across the Border Ranges Fault System, Central Kenai Peninsula, Alaska
Authors: Mankhemthong Niti , Doser Diane I. , Baker Mark R. 
Published: August 2012

We demonstrate a near-surface density estimation approach in an area without exposed outcrop or where outcrop occurrences do not adequately represent the subsurface rock densities based on the Nettleton (1939) - Parasnis (1952) technique as extended by Rao and Murty (1973) . We applied this technique in the central Kenai Peninsula, Alaska where the region is cut by a major fault zone, the Border Ranges fault system, that juxtaposes two terranes with greatly varying geological and geophysical properties. The Kenai Peninsula region can be generally divided into two different geologic settings: recent fluvial and glacial deposits of the Cook Inlet basin to the west and accreted metamorphic terranes of the Kenai Mountains to the east. Our study region includes glacial cover, deep lakes, and large topographically-driven gravity gradients between the Kenai Mountains and Cook Inlet. We selected 11 gravity loops from ∼580 gravity points collected in 2009, which have 10–20 gravity points per loop; nine loops (A to I) are located in the Quaternary glacial and alluvial deposits and two loops (J and K) are in Cretaceous metamorphic rocks of the Kenai Mountains. Inversion of the free-air anomaly data gave estimates of near-surface rock densities and their associated uncertainties. Our inversion results are comparable to values obtained from density logs in the Cook Inlet basin ranging from 1.64 to 2.60 g/cm3 with an average uncertainty of 0.12 g/cm3. Estimated densities for the accreted metamorphic terrane in the eastern peninsula of 2.89 ± 0.02 and 2.86 ± 0.01 g/cm3 are slightly higher than measured densities from hand rock samples.
GPR Investigations to Assess the State of Damage of a Concrete Water Tunnel
Authors: Arosio Diego , Munda Stefano , Zanzi Luigi , Longoni Laura , Papini Monica 
Published: August 2012

Erosional voids developing around concrete-lined tunnels can compromise the safety of the surrounding areas, as well as of the tunnels themselves. In this study, ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to assess the condition of a water tunnel built to channel a river under a mountain road. The tunnel is lined with 60–80 cm thick concrete and has a semicircular cross-section with a diameter that varies between 3 m and 4 m. The concrete structure has been damaged from erosion beneath the concrete floor, creating a sequence of pools and waterfalls, which further extend the erosive action below the floor and side walls.
Measurement of mini-implant stability using resonance frequency analysis
Authors: Nienkemper Manuel , Wilmes Benedict , Panayotidis Agamemnon , Pauls Alexander , Golubovic Vladimir , Schwarz Frank , Drescher Dieter 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate whether resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is suitable to measure orthodontic mini-implant stability. Implant size significantly affects the level of resonance frequency. Regarding the operating mode of RFA, it has to be proven whether the resonance frequency of mini-implants in bone fits the range of frequency emitted by the Osstell ISQ device.

Material and Methods:
For this purpose the SmartPegs in the Osstell ISQ device were modified to fit with the inner screw thread of orthodontic mini-implants, and 110 mini-implants were inserted into porcine pelvic bone. RFA was performed parallel and perpendicular to the run of superficial bone fibers. A suitability test, Periotest, was also performed in the same directions. Compacta thickness was measured using cone-beam computed tomography. Correlation tests and linear regression analysis were carried out between the three methods.

Results:
The RFA showed a mean Implant Stability Quotient value of 36.36 ± 2.67, and the Periotest mean value was −2.10 ± 1.17. The differences between the two directions of measurement were statistically significant (P &gt; .001) for RFA and the Periotest. There was a high correlation between RFA and the Periotest (r  =  −0.90) and between RFA and compacta thickness (r  =  0.71). The comparison between the Periotest and compacta thickness showed a correlation coefficient of r  =  −0.64.

Conclusion:
The present results suggest that RFA is feasible as a measurement method for orthodontic mini-implant stability. As a consequence, it could be used for clinical evaluation of current stability and allow stability-related loading of mini-implants to reduce the failure rate.