bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications of colonoscopy surveillance of patients with Lynch syndrome – 33 years of follow up
Authors: Frank Alexander , Bernstedt Sophie Walton , Jamizadeh Nigin , Forsberg Anna , Hedin Charlotte , Blom Johannes , Backman Ann-Sofie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and study aims: Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary autosomal dominant condition, with an increased lifetime risk of developing malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). Current guidelines differ in recommended colonoscopy-surveillance intervals from 1 to 2 years. Although colonoscopy is considered a safe procedure, there are risks of severe adverse events (SAEs), such as perforation and bleeding, as well as adverse events (AEs), such as abdominal discomfort and post-colonoscopy gastrointestinal infections. Colonoscopy-related bleeding and perforation rates have been reported 0.17% and 0.11%, respectively. However, there are insufficient data regarding complications of colonoscopy-surveillance for LS patients. This study aims to investigate the risk of AEs among LS patients during colonoscopy in the Stockholm region. Patients and methods: This retrospective cohort study includes 351 LS patients undergoing endoscopic surveillance at the Karolinska University Hospital, August 1989 – April 2021. Data from endoscopic surveillance colonoscopies were extracted from patients’ medical records. Results: Of 1873 endoscopies in 351 LS patients, 12 complications (AEs) were documented within 30 days (0.64%) and with a total of 3 bleedings (SAEs, 0.16%). No perforations were identified. Conclusion: Colonoscopy surveillance for LS patients shows a comparatively low risk of AEs per-examination. Colonoscopy complications per-patient, including both SAEs and AEs, show a significantly higher risk. Colonoscopy complications only including SAEs, show a comparatively low risk. Understanding the lifetime risk of surveillance-related colonoscopy complications is important when designing targeted surveillance programmes.
Deep learning-based modeling of land use/land cover changes impact on land surface temperature in Greater Amman Municipality, Jordan (1980–2030)
Authors: Alkaraki Khaled F. , Hazaymeh Khaled , Al-Tarawneh Osama M. , Jawarneh Rana N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractModeling the impacts of Land Use/Land Cover changes (LULCC) on Land Surface Temperature (LST) is crucial in understanding and managing urban heat islands, climate change, energy consumption, human health, and ecosystem dynamics. This study aimed to model past, present, and future LULCC on Land Surface Temperatures in the Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) in Jordan between 1980 and 2030. A set of maps for land cover, LST, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and topography was integrated into the Cellular Automata-Artificial Neural Network (CA-ANN) and the Long-Short-Term Model (LSTM) models to predict the LULC and LST for 2030. The results showed an expansion of urban areas in GAM from 54.13 km2 (6.6%) in 1980 to 374.1 km2 (45.3%) in 2023. However, agricultural areas decreased from 152.13 km2 (18.5%) in 1980 to 140.38 km2 (17%) in 2023, while barren lands decreased from 54.44 km2 (6.6%) in 1980 to 34.71 km2 (4.22%) in 2023. Forested areas declined from 4.58 km2 (0.56%) in 1980 to 4.35 km2 (0.53%) in 2023. Rangelands/ sparsely vegetated areas declined from 557 km2 (67.7%) in 1980 to 270.71 km2 (32.9%) in 2023. The results of modeling LST showed an increase in average LST for all land cover types, with the most significant increases evident within urban areas and Rangelands/Sparsely vegetated areas. The slightest increase in LST was within forested areas as the average LST increased from 28.42 °C in 1980 to 34.16 °C in 2023. The forecasts for the future showed a continuous increase in LST values in all land cover types. These findings highlight the impact of land surface dynamics and their impact on increasing land surface temperature, which urges the adoption of more sustainable planning policies for more livable and thermally comfortable cities.
Investigation of Gamma-Induced Changes to Screening Currents and AC Losses in Mono- Versus Multi-filamentary REBCO Coated Conductors Using DC and AC Magnetometry
Authors: Campbell Holly Jane , Sasaki Hirokazu , Zhang Yifei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractREBCO (rare-earth barium copper oxide) coated conductor tapes are a highly attractive option for magnet materials in future tokamak fusion power plants. However, the threat of intense neutron and gamma radiation, together with AC losses during magnet coil ramping, has raised concerns around magnet coil lifetimes. Irradiation-induced changes to flux creep rate has been identified as a key performance-limiting factor in REBCO tapes at low temperatures and high fields post-irradiation with gamma rays; spontaneous flux creep contributes to hysteretic AC loss in REBCO cables under applied AC fields. Knowing that multi-filamentary tapes are under consideration for tokamaks as an AC loss mitigation, magnetic measurements and gamma irradiation experiments are presented here on striated and mono-filamentary YBCO tapes to investigate the differences in post-irradiation screening currents and AC losses. Reduction in AC losses improved magnetisation critical current density (Jc) retention after 1 MGy in the multi- relative to the mono-filamentary samples. After the 5 MGy dose, striations then made the multi-filamentary tape more susceptible to Jc degradation because of the thinner individual filament width. Scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis on an analogous GdYBCO mono-filamentary tape did not indicate the introduction of nm-scale amorphisation to the active GdYBCO layer after gamma irradiation. A potential theoretical explanation for the underlying mechanism altering the flux-pinning landscape across the REBCO layer surface in gamma-irradiated tapes is discussed. This work concluded that gamma effects on screening current capability should be considered in future tokamak REBCO tape qualification studies.
Most Iterations of Projections Converge
Authors: Thimm Daylen K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConsider three closed linear subspaces $$C_1, C_2,$$

C
1

,

C
2

,

and $$C_3$$

C
3

of a Hilbert space H and the orthogonal projections $$P_1, P_2$$

P
1

,

P
2

and $$P_3$$

P
3

onto them. Halperin showed that a point in $$C_1\cap C_2 \cap C_3$$

C
1

∩

C
2

∩

C
3

can be found by iteratively projecting any point $$x_0 \in H$$

x
0

∈
H

onto all the sets in a periodic fashion. The limit point is then the projection of $$x_0$$

x
0

onto $$C_1\cap C_2 \cap C_3$$

C
1

∩

C
2

∩

C
3

. Nevertheless, a non-periodic projection order may lead to a non-convergent projection series, as shown by Kopecká, Müller, and Paszkiewicz. This raises the question how many projection orders in $$\{1,2,3\}^{\mathbb {N}}$$

{
1
,
2
,
3
}

N

are “well behaved” in the sense that they lead to a convergent projection series. Melo, da Cruz Neto, and de Brito provided a necessary and sufficient condition under which the projection series converges and showed that the “well behaved” projection orders form a large subset in the sense of having full product measure. We show that also from a topological viewpoint the set of “well behaved” projection orders is a large subset: it contains a dense $$G_\delta $$

G
δ

subset with respect to the product topology. Furthermore, we analyze why the proof of the measure theoretic case cannot be directly adapted to the topological setting.
Scale of effect of landscape patterns on resource selection by bobcats (Lynx rufus) in a multi-use rangeland system
Authors: Branney Aidan B. , Dutt Amanda M. Veals , Wardle Zachary M. , Tanner Evan P. , Tewes Michael E. , Cherry Michael J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Context
There is a growing appreciation that wildlife behavioral responses to environmental conditions are scale-dependent and that identifying the scale where the effect of an environmental variable on a behavior is the strongest (i.e., scale of effect) can reveal how animals perceive and respond to their environment. In South Texas, brush management often optimizes agricultural and wildlife management objectives through the precise interspersion of vegetation types creating novel environments which likely affect animal behavior at multiple scales. There is a lack of understanding of how and at what scales this management regime and associated landscape patterns influence wildlife.

Objectives
Our objective was to examine the scale at which landscape patterns had the strongest effect on wildlife behavior. Bobcats (Lynx rufus) our model species, are one of the largest obligated carnivores in the system, and have strong associations with vegetation structure and prey density, two aspects likely to influenced by landscape patterns. We conducted a multiscale resource selection analysis to identify the characteristic scale where landscape patterns had the strongest effect on resource selection.

Methods
We examined resource selection within the home range for 9 bobcats monitored from 2021 to 2022 by fitting resource selection functions which included variables representing landcover, water, energy infrastructure, and landscape metrics (edge density, patch density, and contagion). We fit models using landscape metrics calculated at 10 different scales and compared model performance to identify the scale of effect of landscape metrics on resource selection.

Results
The scale of effect of landscape metrics occurred at finer scales. The characteristic scale for edge density and patch density was 30 m (the finest scale examined), and the characteristic scale for contagion occurred at 100 m. Bobcats avoided locations with high woody patch density and selected for greater woody edge density and contagion. Bobcats selected areas closer to woody vegetation and water bodies while avoiding herbaceous cover and energy development infrastructure.

Conclusions
A key step in understanding the effect of human development and associated landscape patterns on animal behavior is the identifying the scale of effect. We found support for our hypothesis that resource selection would be most strongly affected by landscape configuration at finer scales. Our study demonstrates the importance of cross-scale comparisons when examining the effects of landscape attributes on animal behavior.
Beyond boundaries: Unifying classification and segmentation in wildfire detection systems
Authors: Singh Swapnil , Vazirani Vidhi , Singhania Sanvika , Suroth Vaishnavi Singh , Soni Vaibhav , Biwalkar Ameyaa , Krishnan Deepa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractForest fires, a dangerous natural phenomenon, cause large-scale destruction in forests and nearby communities. In this paper, we leverage the capabilities of classification and fast prediction of machine learning and deep learning to detect forest fires by proposing a dual-stage approach of identification and segmentation of burnt/burning regions. The initial identification step uses simple classification by harnessing custom convolutional neural network and AlexNet to detect satellite images displaying signs of burning, followed by the next step of segmentation, which employs UNet and SegNet architectures to precisely localize the burnt/burning areas. We chose UNet considering its ability of efficient feature preservation, and SegNet prominent use for precise boundary delineation. For training our models, we have curated a dataset using Google Earth Engine, querying latitude, longitude, and dates. Image processing techniques facilitated the extraction of segmentation masks, bounding box images, and segmented images. The post-training results portray that CNN outperforms AlexNet with an 88.19% accuracy for classification, while in segmentation, UNet excelled over SegNet with a dice score of 0.6869. If deployed, this study stands to benefit forest officials, local communities, and biodiversity. Moreover, it aids afforestation teams in identifying burnt zones for targeted reforestation efforts, ensuring a more effective response to forest fires.
Contrasting rhizosheath formation capacities in two maize inbred lines: implications for water and nutrient uptake
Authors: Hosseini Bahareh , Cheraghi Meysam , Hiesch Sigrid , Yu Peng , Zarebanadkouki Mohsen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Rhizosheath, the soil attached to plant roots, may enhance drought resilience by improving water and nutrient uptake. This study evaluates the effects of rhizosheath formation on water and nutrient absorption from soils with different textures and moistures.

Methods
Two maize inbred lines R109B (Rh +) and Ky228 (Rh-), known for their distinct rhizosheath formation yet having identical root morphology, were cultivated in loamy sand and loamy soils. When plants were 45 days old, a controlled soil drying cycle was initiated and parameters such as plant transpiration rate (E), leaf water potential ($${\psi }_{leaf}$$

ψ

leaf

), and soil water content/potential were monitored. At the end of soil drying cycle, the total nutrient uptake in the plants’ shoots was assessed.

Results
Rh + demonstrated a denser rhizosheath, particularly in loamy sand, correlating with increased root hair development. Rh + plants in loamy sand had a 1.73-fold increase in normalized mass rhizosheath compared to loam soil. In moderate moisture, Rh + exhibited improved soil–plant-water relationships, evidenced by higher midday E and $${\psi }_{leaf}$$

ψ

leaf

in loamy soil than Rh-. However, no significant differences were noted under severe drought between Rh + and Rh-, likely attributed to diminished root hairs functionality. In loamy sand, Rh + plants exhibited 1.5 times higher phosphorus uptake, 1.46 times higher calcium uptake, and 2.02 times higher manganese uptake compared to Rh-.

Conclusion
Root hair development is a crucial factor in rhizosheath formation. The efficacy of the rhizosheath in enhancing water and nutrient uptake is significantly influenced by soil texture and moisture conditions.
Using a measurement type-independent metric to compare patterns of determinants between patient-reported versus performance-based physical function in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Liegl Gregor , Fischer Felix H. , Canaud Bernard , Woodward Mark , Barth Claudia , Davenport Andrew , Török Marietta , Strippoli Giovanni F. M. , Hegbrant Jörgen , Cromm Krister , Bots Michiel L. , Blankestijn Peter J. , Fischer Kathrin I. , Rose Matthias ,   the CONVINCE Scientific Committee
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We applied a previously established common T-score metric for patient-reported and performance-based physical function (PF), offering the unique opportunity to directly compare measurement type-specific patterns of associations with potential laboratory-based, psychosocial, sociodemographic, and health-related determinants in hemodialysis patients.

Methods
We analyzed baseline data from the CONVINCE trial (N = 1,360), a multinational randomized controlled trial comparing high-flux hemodialysis with high-dose hemodiafiltration. To explore the associations of potential determinants with performance-based versus patient-reported PF, we conducted multiple linear regression (backward elimination with cross-validation and Lasso regression). We used standardized T-scores as estimated from the PROMIS PF short-form 4a (patient-reported PF) and the Physical Performance Test (performance-based PF) as dependent variables.

Results
Performance-based and patient-reported PF were both significantly associated with a laboratory marker-based indicator of muscle mass (simplified creatinine index), although the effects were relatively small (partial f2 = 0.04). Age was negatively associated with PF; the effect size was larger for performance-based (partial f2 = 0.12) than for patient-reported PF (partial f2 = 0.08). Compared to performance-based PF, patient-reported PF showed a stronger association with self-reported health domains, particularly pain interference and fatigue. When using the individual difference between patient-reported and performance-based T-scores as outcome, we found that younger age and more fatigue were associated with lower patient-reported PF compared to performance-based PF (small effect size).

Conclusion
Patient-reported and performance-based assessments were similarly associated with an objective marker of physical impairment in hemodialysis patients. Age and fatigue may result in discrepancies when comparing performance-based and patient-reported scores on the common PF scale.
Trial Registration CONVINCE is registered in the Dutch Trial Register (Register ID: NL64750.041.18). The registration can be accessed at: https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en/trial/52958.
Smellscapes and diachronic olfaction
Authors: Skrzypulec Błażej 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccording to a common view, olfactory experiences lack well-developed spatial content. Nevertheless, there is also an important opposition to such a restricted perspective on olfactory spatiality, which claims that a view ascribing only rudimentary spatial content to olfaction arises from a narrow focus on short and passive olfactory experiences. In particular, it is claimed that due to the active and diachronic aspects of olfaction, olfactory experiences represent ‘smellscapes,’ i.e., spatially organized arrangements of odor plumes. This paper considers the thesis that olfaction represents smellscapes by distinguishing weaker and stronger understandings of smellscapes. Weak smellscapes are odors standing in allocentric spatial relations, while strong smellscapes, in addition, are odors located at places having specific sizes and shapes. It is argued that only weak smellscapes are plausibly represented by human olfaction.
Eight-year follow-up of patient-reported outcomes in patients with breast cancer participating in exercise studies during chemotherapy
Authors: Binyam David , Naaktgeboren Willeke R. , Groen Wim G. , Aaronson Neil K. , Hiensch Anouk E. , van Harten Wim H. , Stuiver Martijn M. , May Anne M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown beneficial exercise effects on fatigue, anxiety and depression and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in breast cancer (BC) patients during and shortly after treatment. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of exercise during chemotherapy for BC on these outcomes.

Methods
We invited participants of two highly comparable RCTs that investigated the effects of exercise (EX) (versus usual care (UC)) during chemotherapy in patients with non-metastatic BC (N = 357) to participate in an 8-year follow-up. In both trials, fatigue, anxiety and depression and HRQoL were assessed using the same questionnaires, at multiple timepoints. Linear mixed-effect models were used to compare study arms over time.

Results
In total, 156 participants (EX = 82; UC = 74) completed the follow-up questionnaires. EX reported comparable general (between-group difference 0.73, 95% confidence interval (− 0.35; 1.80), ES = 0.18) and physical fatigue (0.55 (− 0.55; 1.65), ES = 0.13), small but statistically significantly higher levels of anxiety (1.24 (0.47 to 2.00), ES = 0.39) and depression (1.10 (0.34; 1.85), ES = 0.38), significantly lower global HRQoL (− 5.99 (− 10.65; − 1.32), ES = 0.34) and comparable summary HRQoL (− 1.90 (− 4.70; 0.89), ES = 0.16) compared to UC.

Conclusion
No long-term beneficial effects of exercise during chemotherapy on BC patients’ fatigue, anxiety, depression or HRQoL were observed. The less favourable outcomes for mood and HRQoL that were observed 8 years after participation in an exercise intervention may be explained by selective loss-to-follow-up.

Implications for cancer survivors
The results highlight the need to incorporate strategies that promote physical activity maintenance after participation in an exercise programme to also counteract long-term detrimental side effects of cancer treatment.
Lesbian and bisexual breast cancer survivors’ post-treatment resource needs
Authors: Rhoten Bethany , Tree Jennifer M. Jabson , David Kurt , Boehmer Uli , Scout NFN 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of our study was to identify and describe determinants of lesbian and bisexual breast cancer survivors’ post-treatment resources.

Methods
We used a cross-sectional descriptive study design. The data reported here were gathered as part of OUT: The National Cancer Survey, administered electronically from September 2020 to March 2021 via social media and community partners. We used descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact tests, and thematic analysis to analyze survivor perceptions of information availability, treatment environment, care plans, social support, and health.

Results
Of those who participated in the survey, (N =430) 366 identified as lesbian, and 64 identified as bisexual. Mean age was 58.6 years (range 21 – 91 years). Fewer than 11% of our sample indicated they could find helpful information about being a queer person with cancer during their treatment. Over 75% of our sample that received a cancer survivorship care plan indicated that their plan did not include resources for queer individuals.

Conclusions
Affirming cancer treatment environments and resources tailored to the needs of lesbian and bisexual breast cancer survivors are critical for reducing disparities.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Survivorship care plans should include resources for queer individuals as a part of holistic cancer care.
Physical activity maintenance in colorectal cancer survivors after an exercise intervention applying behaviour change techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Agirre-Elordui Saioa , Fernández-Landa Julen , Olasagasti-Ibargoien Jurgi , Castañeda-Babarro Arkaitz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the long-term effect of combined physical activity (PA) and behaviour change techniques (BCT) interventions in PA maintenance of colorectal cancer survivors (CRCS) and identify the most frequent BCT implemented in them.

Methods
PRISMA recommendations were followed. Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials up to October 2023. Studies in which CRCS completed a PA intervention based on any Theoretical Model of Behaviour Change (TMBC) and a subsequent follow-up period were included. Between-group differences at baseline and after follow-up were pooled for meta-analysis. BCT codification was performed using the BCT taxonomy v1. Methodological quality and evidence certainty were also assessed.

Results
Five studies involving 906 CRCS met the inclusion criteria. PA interventions applying BCT showed a significant change with a small positive effect (pooled SMD = 0.22 (0.09, 0.35)) on the PA after a follow-up period between 3 and 12 months. Twenty-two different BCTs were identified (mean 17.2, range 15–19) of which 12 were common across all interventions.

Conclusions
PA and BCT interventions have been found to be effective in improving the long-term maintenance of PA in CRCS. Further studies with higher methodological quality are needed to confirm these findings.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Aerobic exercise, pedometers, PA diaries and educational materials seem to be important aspects to achieve sustainable adherence to an active lifestyle over time. Supervision, access to fitness areas and applying some BCT appear to be differentiating features to obtain more successful PA maintenance.