bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placental histopathological correlates of umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction
Authors: Spinillo Arsenio , Gardella Barbara , Bariselli Silvia , Alfei Alessandro , Silini Enrico , Dal Bello Barbara 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the association between placental histological patterns and umbilical artery (UA) Doppler velocimetry in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR).MethodsA cohort of 126 FGR pregnancies was followed according to a standard protocol. Placental lesions were diagnosed according to consensus nomenclature and standardized criteria.ResultsPulsatility index was normal in 45 (35.7%) and increased in 44 (34.9%) women. End‐diastolic UA Doppler flow was absent in 27 (21.4%) and reversed in 10 (7.9%). Fifty‐four women (42.9%) had preeclampsia. In preeclampsia, increasing Doppler abnormalities, from normal to reversed UA end‐diastolic flow, were directly associated only with an increased number of placental syncytial knots. In normotensive pregnancies, Doppler abnormalities were associated with increased intervillous fibrin deposits, villous hypoplasia, syncytial knots, placental site giant cells, immature intermediate trophoblast, and with pattern of lesions indicating superficial implantation and maternal vascular underperfusion. In the whole cohort, increase of syncytial knots [odds ratio (OR) = 28.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.75–298.5], intervillous fibrin deposits (OR = 2.1; 95%CI = 1.04–4.28), placental site giant cells (OR = 3.0; 95%CI = 1.05–8.84), and patterns suggesting maternal underperfusion (OR = 2.9; 95%CI = 1.0–7.1) were independently associated with increased rates of absent/reversed UA end‐diastolic flow.ConclusionsIn pregnancies complicated by FGR, abnormalities of UA Doppler velocimetry were associated with placental lesions indicating superficial implantation and maternal vascular underperfusion. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The discourse around usefulness, morality, risk and trust: a focus group study on prenatal genetic testing
Authors: Pivetti Monica , Montali Lorenzo , Simonetti Giorgia 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study explores the underlying values and beliefs that guide women's reasoning on prenatal genetic test (PGT) uptake, as framed by their own words, during a group discussion, in a Catholic country such as Italy.MethodsWomen's reasoning was explored by means of five focus group consisting of seven pregnant women and 13 new mothers.ResultsThe focus group material content was analysed using the Nudist software. The discourse around PGT was rooted into four frames of reference: The usefulness dimension was used to express the positions in favour of PGT, whereas morality, risk and trust were used to express negative evaluations on such a technology. Participants advocated for themselves the choice of being tested, besides giving some credit to the partner's opinion. Moreover, participants reported little knowledge on PGT.ConclusionThe research shed some light on the frames of reference used by participants to build their positions on PGT uptake, confirming the public's ability to translate scientific accounts into personally meaningful information. A more complete understanding of the reasons for decisions to test would help counsellors to better communicate with women and couples, and to better assist them to make a better informed testing decision. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Absence of ‘over‐the‐counter’ medicinal products in on‐line prescription records: a risk factor of overlooking interactions in the elderly
Authors: Olesen C. , Harbig P. , Barat I. , Damsgaard E. M. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeTo assess possible origins of harmful interactions in elderly patients arising from the current absence of information on over‐the‐counter (OTC) medicines in the Danish ‘on‐line prescription record’.MethodsInformation on current use of prescription drugs and OTC medicinal products (non‐prescription drugs, herbal medicine, dietary supplements, and others) was collected by home visit interviews. The latter OTC products were not listed in an on‐line prescription record that covered the previous two years. Information on interactions between OTC medicines and between OTC products and prescription drugs was obtained from the Danish National Drug Interaction Database.ResultsOf the 309 patients recruited (median age 75 years, interquartile range (IQR) 70–81), 229 (74%) used 568 OTC medicines not listed in the Danish ‘on‐line prescription record’, amongst which we identified 166 potential interactions ‐ between OTC treatments or between OTC and prescription drugs. Fifty percent of patients taking OTC medicines were exposed to potential interactions, i.e. one to three instances per patient. Twenty‐five percent of patients exposed to interactions experienced interaction listed as ‘Can be used with certain precautions’.ConclusionThe absence of information on OTC products in an on‐line prescription record entails a risk of overlooking interactions in elderly patients. Such products should be included in on‐line medication records to prevent adverse effects from interactions. However, online medication records are not available in all countries and as inclusion of data on OTC drugs seem not to be feasible presently. Still, it is highly recommended that the patient's drug list is reviewed on a regular basis. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of heavy metal ions using a water‐soluble conjugated polymer based on thiophene and meso‐2,3‐dimercaptosuccinic acid
Authors: Laurenti Marco , García Blanco Francisco , Lopez‐Cabarcos Enrique , Rubio‐Retama Jorge 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis work reports the synthesis of a new water‐soluble conjugated polymer, which interacts specifically with heavy metal ions such as lead and mercury. In order to produce such a material, the fluorescent properties of polythiophene, which constitutes the polymer backbone, were combined with the chelating capacity of meso‐2,3‐dimercaptosuccinic acid, which forms the side‐chain of the conjugated polymer. Thus, the new polymer acts as chemical complexing agent, the fluorescence of which is quenched in the presence of heavy metal ions. A possible explanation of the mechanism of such a variation is also discussed. The system presented is envisaged to be used as a sensor for heavy metal ions that appear as pollutants in the environment.
Design, synthesis and fungicidal activity of 11‐alkoxyimino‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e] azepine‐6‐one derivatives
Authors: Xiao Yan‐shuang , Yan Xiao‐jing , Xu Yan‐jun , Huang Jia‐xing , Yuan Hui‐zhu , Liang Xiao‐mei , Zhang Jian‐jun , Wang Dao‐quan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundMacrocyclic compounds with an oxime ether side chain, discovered in Wang's group, showed good fungicidal activity. However, the long synthetic route makes the cost too high for them to be developed further as practical fungicides. Alternative compounds with good fungicidal activity and an easier synthesis than the above‐mentioned macrolactams were sought, and a series of 11‐alkoxyimino‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one derivatives (4) were designed and bioassayed.ResultsThe structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and LC‐MS. The bioassay showed that about half of the 11‐alkoxyimino‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one derivatives (4) displayed good fungicidal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, with EC50 values <15 µg mL−1. 11‐(n‐Butyloxyimino)‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one (4A‐05), 11‐(4‐nitrobenzyloxyimino)‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one (4A‐12) and 11‐(2‐chloro‐6‐fluorobenzyloxyimino)‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one (4A‐21) displayed excellent fungicidal activity, with EC50 values of <2.5 µg mL−1, much better than the commercial fungicide chlorothalonil with an EC50 value of 7.16 µg mL−1. In addition, about half of the 11‐alkoxyimino‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one derivatives (4) had good fungicidal activity against Botrytis cinerea (De Bary) Whetzel, with EC50 values of <10 µg mL−1. 11‐(2‐Fluorobenzyloxyimino)‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one (4A‐16), 11‐(3‐fluorobenzyloxyimino)‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one (4A‐17) and 11‐(2‐chloro‐6‐fluorobenzyloxyimino)‐5,6‐dihydro‐dibenzo[b,e]azepine‐6‐one (4A‐21) displayed excellent fungicidal activity, with EC50 values of 3.73, 2.54 and 3.20 µg mL−1 respectively, comparable with the commercial fungicide procymidon with an EC50 value of 2.45 µg mL−1. Their structure–activity relationship is discussed.ConclusionsThe present work demonstrates that the title compounds show promise as fungicides. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PERCEPTIONS AND FEEDBACKS FOR EFFECTIVELY MANAGING WOOD IN RIVERS
Authors: Chin A. , Laurencio L. R. , Daniels M. D. , Wohl E. , Urban M. A. , Boyer K. L. , Butt A. , Piegay H. , Gregory K. J. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThis article reports a survey of 196 river managers in seven states across the USA assessing their perceptions of in‐stream wood. This survey followed corresponding questionnaires given to undergraduate students representing non‐expert views in the same states and in 10 countries around the world. Whereas most students registered predominantly negative views of in‐stream wood (i.e. not aesthetically pleasing, dangerous and needing improvement), American managers perceive rivers with wood as significantly more aesthetically pleasing, less dangerous and needing less improvement than rivers without wood. These views were consistent across different types of managers (conservation, fisheries, forestry, recreation and water), suggesting that because of education, training and field experience beyond the undergraduate degree, managers gain more positive views of in‐stream wood. Analysis of manager responses grouped by years in the profession suggests that professional experience or information within professional networks plays a role. As years worked in the profession increase, managers' responses to photos with and without wood became significantly different, showing sharper discernment in viewing in‐stream wood more positively. We conceptualize evolving management strategies involving wood in American rivers as a series of iterative states within changing human–landscape systems produced by interacting impacts and feedbacks. In this example application, the Interactive, Integrative, and Iterative (III) Framework for Human Landscape Change highlights the importance of public education and policy as necessary feedback linkages to close the gap between people's perceptions of wood and scientific advances that recognize the significant role of wood in rivers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atomic orbital basis sets
Authors: Jensen Frank 
Published: October 2012

AbstractElectronic structure methods for molecular systems rely heavily on using basis sets composed of Gaussian functions for representing the molecular orbitals. A number of hierarchical basis sets have been proposed over the last two decades, and they have enabled systematic approaches to assessing and controlling the errors due to incomplete basis sets. We outline some of the principles for constructing basis sets, and compare the compositions of eight families of basis sets that are available in several different qualities and for a reasonable number of elements in the periodic table. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Changing contexts of youth development: An overview of recent social trends and a psychological model
Authors: Tomasik Martin J. , Pavlova Maria K. , Lechner Clemens M. , Blumenthal Anja , Körner Astrid 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGlobalization and economic change are translated into a variety of changes in the proximal contexts of youth development, which are perceived and tackled differently by different individuals
Is uncertainty bad for you? It depends …
Authors: Schoon Ingrid , Gutman Leslie Morrison , Sabates Ricardo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractParents and educators should be more concerned about uncertainty in educational aspirations than uncertainty regarding career choice among adolescents. Moreover, the impact of uncertainty on young people's attainment varies by socio‐historical context, the timing of uncertainty, the available resources, and individual characteristics of the adolescents themselves.
The future of young women's economic role in a globalized economy: New opportunities, persisting constraints
Authors: Buchmann Marlis , Malti Tina 
Published: October 2012

AbstractYoung women in advanced industrial countries have been outperforming young men in educational attainment at the same time that their labor market outcomes are still lagging. Sex segregation in education and the labor market is identified as an important source of this imbalance.
Pitfalls in screening streptococci for retrieving superior streptokinase (SK) genes: no activity correlation for streptococcal culture supernatant and recombinant SK
Authors: Keramati Malihe , Roohvand Farzin , Aslani Mohammad Mehdi , Motevalli Fatemeh , khatami Shohreh , Memarnejadian Arash 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Streptokinase (SK), the heterogeneous protein family secreted by some groups of β-hemolytic streptococci (βHS), is a plasminogen activator and well-known drug for thrombolytic therapy. Differences in plasminogen activation property of streptococcal culture supernatants (SCS) have been traditionally used to identify superior producer strains and SK genes (skc) for recombinant SK (rSK) production. However, the role of SK heterogeneity and whether SK activities in SCS correlate with that of their corresponding rSK is a matter of debate. To address these concerns, SCS of nine group C streptococci (GCS) screened among 252 βHS clinical isolates were compared for plasminogen activation using S-2251 chromogenic assay. The GCS (Streptococcus equisimilis) showing the highest (GCS-S87) and lowest (GCS-S131) activities were selected for PCR-based isolation of skc, cloning and rSK production in Escherichia coli. The 6×His-tagged rSK proteins were purified by NI–NTA chromatography, analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting and their activities were determined. While SCS of GCS-S87 and GCS-S131 showed different plasminogen activations (95 and 35 %, respectively) compared to that of the reference strain (GCS-9542), but interestingly rSK of all three strains showed close specific activities (1.33, 1.70, and 1.55 × 104 IU mg−1). Accordingly, SKS87 and SKS131 had more than 90 % sequence identity at the amino acids level compared to SK9542. Therefore, SK heterogeneity by itself may not contribute to the differences in plasminogen activation properties of SCS and evaluation of this activity in SCS might not be a proper assay for screening superior skc.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Amido‐Amine‐Based Cationic Gemini Surfactants
Authors: Ghumare Anant K. , Pawar Balu V. , Bhagwat Sunil S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA series of novel cationic gemini surfactants were synthesized from corresponding amido‐amines in a single step reaction. The amido‐amines were obtained from long chain carboxylic acids and 3‐N,N‐dimethylamino‐1‐propyl‐amine with excellent isolated yield (up to 95 %). All the synthesized quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) were further investigated for surface active properties. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction were determined. The surface tension measurements of newly synthesized gemini surfactants showed good water solubility, and low CMC values, had great efficiency in lowering the surface tension and a strong adsorption at the air/water interface than the corresponding monomeric surfactants. Further, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized QACs against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria was also investigated.
Key Lipid Oxidation Products Can Be Used to Predict Sensory Quality of Fish Oils with Different Levels of EPA and DHA
Authors: Sullivan Ritter Jenna C. , Budge Suzanne M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDespite its many health benefits, many consumers avoid fish oil supplements due to fishy tastes and odors. Common chemical measures of oxidation have little correlation with sensory properties, making it difficult to determine the sensory quality of fish oil without the use of an expensive sensory panel. Here we investigate an alternative method to assess oxidation using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Fish oils containing different amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were oxidized, and headspace volatiles were monitored over time and compared to sensory evaluations by a taste panel. Peroxide value and anisidine value were also measured. Sensory panel scores and headspace volatile data were analyzed using principal component analysis and linear regression to identify key volatiles responsible for changes in sensory degradation of oils over time. A total of eight compounds were identified, primarily aldehydes and ketones. By monitoring these volatiles, it may be possible to create a simple method to assess oxidation in fish oils that correlates well with sensory properties of the oil without the use of a sensory panel.
A new informant‐based questionnaire for instrumental activities of daily living in dementia
Authors: Sikkes Sietske A.M. , de Lange‐de Klerk Elly S.M. , Pijnenburg Yolande A.L. , Gillissen Freek , Romkes Rolinka , Knol Dirk L. , Uitdehaag Bernard M.J. , Scheltens Philip 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundInterference in everyday functioning is part of the diagnostic criteria for dementia. Questionnaires measuring “instrumental activities of daily living” (IADL) are used to measure this interference, but the psychometric quality of these questionnaires is often questioned. In addition, these questionnaires are less suited for early‐onset patients. This is problematic, given the high frequency of relatively young patients in memory clinics. In this article, we describe the development and psychometric properties of a new informant‐based IADL questionnaire aimed at detecting incipient dementia and appropriate for a broad age range.MethodsWe defined IADL in consensus with experts and constructed items based on existing items and suggestions from experts and informants. Informants of subjects (n = 206) who visited the Alzheimer Center of the VU University Medical Center completed the questionnaire. Factor structure was investigated using classical exploratory factor analysis and item response theory. We assessed test–retest reliability in 73 informants using weighted κ values.ResultsThe questionnaire consisted of 75 items and was computerized to enhance ease of administration. Exploratory factor analysis supported a single‐factor model, with 48.3% of the variance being explained by the first factor. We removed five items, as they did not fit the model. High internal consistency was demonstrated. Test–retest reliability showed that the majority of items (87.9%) had substantial‐to‐almost perfect κ values.ConclusionThe Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire (Amsterdam IADL questionnaire is a registered trademark of Alzheimer Center VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) is a 70‐item informant‐based computerized questionnaire aimed at detecting early dementia and early‐onset dementia. Initial results show that this questionnaire is a promising new tool.
Cardiovascular risk factors, cortisol, and amyloid‐β deposition in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Authors: Toledo Jon B. , Toledo Estefanía , Weiner Michael W. , Jack Clifford R. , Jagust William , Lee Virginia M.‐Y. , Shaw Leslie M. , Trojanowski John Q. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere is epidemiological evidence that cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) also are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease, but there is limited information on this from neuropathological studies, and even less from in vivo studies. Therefore, we examined the relationship between CVRF and amyloid‐β (Aβ) brain burden measured by Pittsburgh Compound B‐positron emission tomography (PiB‐PET) studies in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.MethodsNinety‐nine subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort who had a PiB‐PET study measure, apolipoprotein E genotyping data, and information available on CVRF (body mass index [BMI], systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure [DBP], and cholesterol and fasting glucose test results) were included. Eighty‐one subjects also had plasma cortisol, C‐reactive protein, and superoxide dismutase 1 measurements. Stepwise regression models were used to assess the relation between the CVRF and the composite PiB‐PET score.ResultsThe first model included the following as baseline variables: age, clinical diagnosis, number of apolipoprotein ε4 alleles, BMI (P = .023), and DBP (P = .012). BMI showed an inverse relation with PiB‐PET score, and DBP had a positive relation with PiB‐PET score. In the second adjusted model, cortisol plasma levels were also associated with PiB‐PET score (P = .004). Systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, or impaired fasting glucose were not found to be associated with PiB‐PET values.ConclusionIn this cross‐sectional study, we found an association between Aβ brain burden measured in vivo and DBP and cortisol, indicating a possible link between these CVRF and Aβ burden measured by PiB‐PET. These findings highlight the utility of biomarkers to explore potential pathways linking diverse Alzheimer's disease risk factors.
Imaging brain amyloid in nondemented young adults with Down syndrome using Pittsburgh compound B
Authors: Handen Benjamin L. , Cohen Ann D. , Channamalappa Umapathy , Bulova Peter , Cannon Sheila A. , Cohen William I. , Mathis Chester A. , Price Julie C. , Klunk William E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is one of the most common causes of intellectual disability. Although DS accounts for only 15% of all individuals with intellectual disabilities, adults with DS account for approximately 60% of individuals with intellectual disabilities and Alzheimer's disease. This is thought to be because of overproduction of the β‐amyloid (Aβ) protein due to trisomy for the Aβ precursor protein gene on chromosome 21. Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) is a noninvasive in vivo positron emission tomography tracer used to image amyloid deposition in living humans. Studies using PiB have shown an age‐dependent asymptomatic amyloid deposition in more than 20% of the cognitively normal elderly population. Presymptomatic carriers of presenilin (PS‐1) and Aβ precursor protein gene mutations who are destined to develop Alzheimer's disease also show preclinical amyloid deposition. This report describes a pilot study involving the use of PiB in seven adults with DS (age: 20–44 years). Compared with objective cutoffs for amyloid positivity in older non‐DS cognitively normal control subjects, only two of the seven DS subjects (age: 38 and 44 years) showed increased PiB retention. The remaining five subjects aged between 20 and 35 years showed no detectable increase in PiB retention. Interestingly, the two subjects who showed elevated PiB retention showed a striatal‐predominant pattern similar to that previously reported for PS‐1 mutation carriers. These results demonstrate the feasibility of conducting PiB positron emission tomography scanning in this special population, and suggest a link between Aβ overproduction and early striatal deposition of fibrillar Aβ.