bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of External Ear Deformity on Hearing in Wrestlers
Authors: Özal Nurşah , Çetin Kara Halide , Çögen Talha , Özdoğan Hasan Ahmet 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
Cauliflower ear in wrestlers can lead to hearing impairment. This study primarily aims to assess the hearing of wrestlers with bilateral cauliflower ears and determine their external ear canal (EEC) resonance frequencies. Our second aim is to evaluate their hearing quality, speech, and spatial perception.

Method:
This study included 28 male wrestlers aged 18–35 years with bilateral cauliflower ears, as well as 27 male participants in the control group with no wrestling history. The participants' hearing thresholds were determined across the frequency range of 125–16000 Hz for air-conduction and 500–4000 Hz for bone conduction. EEC resonance frequencies were measured. Additionally, all participants completed the Turkish version of the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) questionnaire.

Results:

Wrestlers with cauliflower ears exhibited significantly higher hearing thresholds, particularly at frequencies above 4000 Hz (
p
< .05). Analysis of EEC resonance showed a shift to higher frequencies in the second resonance peak of the right ear (
p
< .001) and the first resonance peak of the left ear (
p
= .045). SSQ scores revealed that wrestlers had higher spatial perception (
p
= .046), hearing quality (
p
= .004), and general scores (
p
= .042) in comparison to the control group.

Conclusions:
Blunt traumas in wrestlers, leading to cauliflower ear, can result in hearing loss. Moreover, deformities in the external ear affect the resonance frequencies of the EEC. Therefore, it is crucial to advocate for the use of ear protection equipment among wrestlers. When fitting hearing aids, attention should be given to changes in the EEC resonance frequency.
Deep learning on medical image analysis
Authors: Wang Jiaji , Wang Shuihua , Zhang Yudong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMedical image analysis plays an irreplaceable role in diagnosing, treating, and monitoring various diseases. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become popular as they can extract intricate features and patterns from extensive datasets. The paper covers the structure of CNN and its advances and explores the different types of transfer learning strategies as well as classic pre‐trained models. The paper also discusses how transfer learning has been applied to different areas within medical image analysis. This comprehensive overview aims to assist researchers, clinicians, and policymakers by providing detailed insights, helping them make informed decisions about future research and policy initiatives to improve medical image analysis and patient outcomes.
Research on adaptive object detection via improved HSA‐YOLOv5 for raspberry maturity detection
Authors: Ling Chen , Zhang Qunying , Zhang Mei , Gao Chihan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the field of machine vision, target detection models have experienced rapid development and have been practically applied in various domains. In agriculture, target detection models are commonly used to identify various types of fruits. However, when it comes to recognizing berries, such as raspberries, the fruits nearing ripeness exhibit highly similar colours, posing a challenge for existing target detection models to accurately identify raspberries in this stage. Addressing this issue, a raspberry detection method called HSA‐YOLOv5 (HSV self‐adaption YOLOv5) is proposed. This method detects immature, nearly ripe, and ripe raspberries. The approach involves transforming the RGB colour space of the original dataset images into an improved HSV colour space. By adjusting corresponding parameters and enhancing the contrast of similar colours while retaining the maximum features of the original image, the method strengthens data features. Adaptive selection of HSV parameters is performed based on data captured under different weather conditions, applying homogeneous preprocessing to the dataset. The improved model is compared with the original YOLOv5 model using a self‐constructed dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved model achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.97, a 6.42 percentage point increase compared to the baseline YOLOv5 model. In terms of immature, nearly ripe, and ripe raspberries, there are improvements of 6, 4, and 7 percentage points, respectively, validating the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Disentangling the X-ray variability in the Lyman continuum emitter Haro 11
Authors: Danehkar A. , Silich S. , Herenz E. C. , Östlin G. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Lyman break analogs in the local Universe serve as counterparts to Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at high redshifts, which are widely regarded as major contributors to cosmic reionization in the early stages of the Universe.
Aims. We studied XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of the nearby LBG analog Haro 11, which contains two X-ray-bright sources, X1 and X2. Both sources exhibit Lyman continuum (LyC) leakage, particularly X2.
Methods. We analyzed the X-ray variability using principal component analysis (PCA) and performed spectral modeling of the X1 and X2 observations made with the Chandra ACIS-S instrument.
Results. The PCA component, which contributes to the X-ray variability, is apparently associated with variable emission features, likely from ionized superwinds. Our spectral analysis of the Chandra data indicates that the fainter X-ray source, X2 (X-ray luminosity LX ∼ 4 × 1040 erg s−1), the one with higher LyC leakage, has a much lower absorbing column (NH ∼ 1.2 × 1021 cm−2) than the heavily absorbed luminous source X1 (LX ∼ 9 × 1040 erg s−1 and NH ∼ 11.5 × 1021 cm−2).
Conclusions. We conclude that X2 is likely less covered by absorbing material, which may be a result of powerful superwinds clearing galactic channels and facilitating the escape of LyC radiation. Much deeper X-ray observations are required to validate the presence of potential superwinds and determine their implications for the LyC escape.
Imaging of I Zw 18 by JWST
Authors: Bortolini Giacomo , Östlin Göran , Habel Nolan , Hirschauer Alec S. , Jones Olivia C. , Justtanont Kay , Meixner Margaret , Boyer Martha L. , Blommaert Joris A. D. L. , Crouzet Nicolas , Lenkić Laura , Nally Conor , Sargent Beth A. , van der Werf Paul , Güdel Manuel , Henning Thomas , Lagage Pierre O. 
Published: June 2024

Context. The blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxy I Zw 18 is one of the most metal-poor (Z ∼ 3% Z⊙) star-forming galaxies known in the local Universe. Since its discovery, the evolutionary status of this system has been at the center of numerous debates within the astronomical community.
Aims. We aim to probe and resolve the stellar populations of I Zw 18 in the near-IR using JWST/NIRCam’s unprecedented imaging spatial resolution and sensitivity. Additionally, our goal is to derive the spatially resolved star formation history (SFH) of the galaxy within the last 1 Gyr, and to provide constraints for older epochs.
Methods. We used the point spread function fitting photometry package DOLPHOT to measure positions and fluxes of point sources in the F115W and F200W filters’ images of I Zw 18, acquired as part of the JWST GTO ID 1233 (PI: Meixner). Furthermore, to derive I Zw 18’s SFH, we applied a state-of-the-art color-magnitude diagram (CMD) fitting technique (SFERA 2.0), using two independent sets of stellar models: PARSEC-COLIBRI and MIST.
Results. Our analysis of I Zw 18’s CMD reveal three main stellar populations: one younger than ∼30 Myr, mainly associated with the northwest star-forming (SF) region; an intermediate-age population (∼100 − 800 Myr), associated with the southeast SF region; and a red and faint population, linked to the underlying halo of the galaxy, older than 1 Gyr and possibly as old as 13.8 Gyr. The main body of the galaxy shows a very low star formation rate (SFR) of
~10-4M⊙ yr−1
between 1 and 13.8 Gyr ago. In the last billion years, I Zw 18 shows an increasing trend, culminating in two strong bursts of SF around ∼10 and ∼100 Myr ago. Notably, I Zw 18 Component C mimics the evolution of the main body, but with lower SFRs on average.
Conclusions. Our results confirm that I Zw 18 is populated by stars of all ages, without any major gaps. Thus, I Zw 18 is not a truly young galaxy, but rather a system characterized by an old underlying stellar halo, in agreement with what has been found in other BCDs by similar studies. The low SF activity exhibited at epochs older than 1 Gyr is in agreement with the “slow cooking" dwarf scenario proposed in the literature, and could have contributed to its low metal content. The galaxy is now experiencing its strongest episode of star formation (∼ 0.6 M⊙ yr−1) mainly located in the northwest region. A recent gravitational interaction between the main body and Component C is the most likely explanation for this starburst.
Brainstem raphe hypoechogenicity is an independent predictor of post-stroke depression
Authors: Richter Daniel , Ebert Andreas , Mazul Lisa , Ruland Quirin , Charles James Jeyanthan , Gold Ralf , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Palaiodimou Lina , Juckel Georg , Krogias Christos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication after stroke and has a substantial effect on the quality of life of patients. Nevertheless, reliable individual prediction of PSD is not possible. As depressive symptoms have been associated with brainstem raphe (BR) hypoechogenicity on transcranial sonography (TCS), we aimed to explore the association of BR hypoechogenicity and the occurrence of PSD.
Materials and Methods The Prognostic Markers of Post-Stroke Depression (PROMoSD) study is a prospective, observational, single-center, investigator-initiated study that included patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) to investigate the presence of BR hypoechogenicity by TCS early after symptom onset. The primary outcome was the presence of PSD assessed at the three-month follow-up investigation by a blinded psychiatrist and defined according to the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V criteria).
Results From 105 included AIS patients, 99 patients completed the study. AIS patients with a hypoechogenic BR developed a PSD at three months more frequently compared to patients with normal echogenicity (48.0% versus 4.1%, P <0.001). After adjustment for confounders (sex, mRS at follow-up, previous depressive episode), a hypoechogenic BR remained independently associated with a substantial increase in the appearance of PSD (adjusted OR: 6.371, 95%-CI: 1.181–34.362).
Conclusion A hypoechogenic BR is a strong and independent predictor of PSD at three months after AIS. TCS could be a routine tool to assess PSD risk in clinical practice, thereby streamlining diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms.
A case of gastric granulosa cell tumor resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Lu Shijie , Xu Chengyi , Zhang Lian , Li Junan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGranular cell tumors, uncommon soft tissue growths, predominantly manifest in the subcutaneous and tongue areas, while those in the gastrointestinal tract are scarce and develop slowly. Patients typically show no distinct clinical symptoms and are hard to differentiate from gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, smooth muscle tumors, neural sheath tumors, and rhabdomyosarcomas using endoscopy. This paper details a case of a granular cell tumor in the stomach addressed through endoscopic submucosal dissection, focusing on its endoscopic attributes and clinicopathological traits.
Iron-Catalyzed Three-Component Asymmetric Carboazidation of Alkenes with Alkanes and Trimethylsilyl Azide
Authors: Liu Yangbin , Feng Xiaoming , Ge Liang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe fusion of transition-metal catalysis with radical chemistry provides a versatile platform for the asymmetric radical carboazidation of alkenes to enable the rapid assembly of highly functionalized chiral azide compounds. Here, we present an iron-catalyzed asymmetric three-component radical carboazidation that processes electron-deficient alkenes by direct activation of aliphatic C–H bonds. This strategy provides access to a range of valuable chiral azides from readily available chemical feedstocks bearing a tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenter, and their synthetic potential is further showcased through straightforward transformations to provide other valuable enantioenriched building blocks.
Base-Promoted Reaction between N-Acyl Benzotriazoles and p-Toluenesulfonylmethyl Isocyanide (TosMIC): A Facile Synthesis of 4,5-Disubstituted Oxazoles
Authors: Li Wanfang , You Hui , Liu Daming , Pan Mengni , Shen Yue , Li Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe herein developed a base-promoted cyclization reaction between N-acyl benzotriazoles and p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) to afford 4,5-disubstituted oxazoles. In the presence of 3 equiv of K3PO4, the two readily available starting materials reacted in N,N-dimethylformamide at 80 °C to give 28 examples of 4-tosyl-5-aryl, -alkyl, or -alkenyl-substituted oxazoles in moderate to high yields.
Association between Eating-Fasting and Sleep-Wake Cycles with Eating Times and Food Consumption throughout the Day: Longitudinal Study with Pregnant Women
Authors: Pereira Cecília Silva , Balieiro Laura Cristina Tibiletti , Teixeira Gabriela Pereira , Gontijo Cristiana Araújo , Marot Luisa Pereira , Fahmy Walid Makin , Crispim Cibele Aparecida , Maia Yara Cristina de Paiva 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective To investigate the associations of the sleep–eating interval with eating times and food consumption throughout the day in pregnant women.
Materials and Methods A longitudinal study with 100 pregnant women treated at the public health network in the city of Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil, during the entire gestational period. The time intervals between waking up and the first eating episode and between the last eating episode and going to sleep (independent variables) were investigated. Outcome measures were meal and sleep times, as well as food consumption throughout the day.
Results Food consumption closer to sleep at night is associated with higher total daily caloric intake in the first (β = −0.337, p = 0.016) and second trimesters (Ts) of pregnancy (β = −0.240, p = 0.023), and with longer sleep duration on weekdays (p < 0.05 for all three trimesters). We did not find associations between the wake-up to first eating episode interval and total calories (p > 0.05 for all three trimesters), but the longer this interval, the greater the percentage of calories at dinner (1T: β = 0.266, p = 0.003; 2T: β = 0.269, p = 0.045) and at the last meal (1T: β = 0.324, p = 0.001; 2T: β = 0.231, p = 0.033).
Discussion Taking longer to eat the first meal after waking up is associated with higher caloric intake later in the day, while taking longer to sleep after eating the last meal is associated with higher total daily caloric intake and shorter sleep duration, especially in the beginning and middle of pregnancy.
Physical Activity Level and Sleep Quality in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Luciano Ygor Matos , Pinto Rafael Zambelli , Gobbi Cynthia , Fernandes Guilherme Luiz , Dokkedal-Silva Vinicius , Lemos Ítalo R. , Pires Gabriel Natan , Andersen Monica Levy , Tufik Sergio , Morelhão Priscila Kalil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe worldwide increase in life expectancy has resulted in a significant aging of the population. The physiological and functional changes that result from the aging process, changes in sleep patterns, and the prevalence of chronic diseases affect the health and well-being of individuals aged over 60.
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between levels of physical activity (PA) and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults.
Methods This is a cross-sectional study, with the participants randomly recruited according to the region and street in which they live. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was applied to assess sleep quality, the Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly (MBQ-E) to assess PA levels, as well as questionnaires to obtain social, demographic and anthropometric data. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted with PA activity as the independent variable and sleep quality as the dependent variable of interest, while also considering all potential covariates.
Results A total of 503 older adults were analyzed, of whom 377 (75%) were classified as inactive and only 126 (25%) as active. Among the participants, 344 (68.4%) had poor sleep quality, 86 (17.1%) had symptoms of insomnia, and 57 (11.5%) reported complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness. We found that 128 participants (25.4%) consumed alcohol and 41 (8.2%) were current smokers. Multivariate regression results showed an inverse association between PA levels and sleep (Beta coefficient = −0.67 ([95% confidence interval = −1.29 to −0.04]).
Conclusions The results of the study indicate that being physically inactive is associated with poor sleep quality.
Status Epilepticus in Children at a Tertiary Care Center in India: Etiology, Preventable Risk Factors, and Short-Term Outcome
Authors: Merani Kejal , Masavkar Sanjeevani Satish 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological emergency in children. Recent guidelines suggest initiating treatment after 5 minutes of seizure activity.
Objective This study analyzes the clinical, laboratory parameters, and treatment outcomes of children with SE to identify preventable risk factors.
Materials and Methods Prospective observational study of 150 children. They were evaluated for relevant history, clinical features, laboratory investigations, treatment, course, and outcome.
Results The risk factors that had an impact on outcome in children with SE were identified as red flag signs on initial pediatric advanced life support (PALS) assessment, malnutrition, abnormal head circumference and number of seizures before child presented to hospital. The strongest predictor of outcome was stable status of children on initial PALS assessment (odds ratio = 20.174 [1.117, 364.393], p = 0.042). Presence of abnormal head size was 86% less likely to have favorable outcome and if the child had lesser number of seizures before child presented to hospital (single), it was 3.7 times likely that it would yield a favorable outcome.
Conclusion Aggressive treatment of seizures, identification of red flag signs on initial PALS assessment, identification and treatment of malnutrition, anemia, hypocalcemia, and sodium derangements, strengthening vaccination to prevent central nervous system infections, and early intervention for developmental delay, can all help to combat morbidity and mortality in children with SE.
Stabilization with a String-of-Pearls Plate as Treatment for Degenerative Lumbosacral Disease in a Young German Shepherd Dog
Authors: Bohin Clara , Finnen Andrea , Gambino Jennifer , Bos Alexandra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to report the use of a String-of-Pearls (SOP) plate for lumbosacral stabilization as treatment for a 1-year-old German Shepherd suffering from sacral osteochondritis and compressive myelopathy due to lumbosacral subluxation and causing a chronic right hindlimb lameness.Clinical, imaging, and surgical features are described.
Study Design Case report.
Results A dorsal laminectomy allowed for debridement and lumbosacral stabilization using an SOP plate which led to significant improvement of clinical signs and resolution of pain and discomfort.
Conclusion Successful surgical management was achieved with good long-term results using an SOP plate to stabilize the lumbosacral junction.
Insights into Angiographic Recanalization of Large Arterial Occlusion: Institutional Experience with Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Charan Bheru Dan , Gaikwad Shailesh B. , Jain Savyasachi , Garg Ajay , Sebastian Leve Joseph Devarajan , Srivastava M. V. Padma , Bhatia Rohit , Pandit Awadh Kishore , Kale Shashank Sharad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. Most strokes are ischemic in nature and early recanalization of occluded vessels determines good outcomes. Recanalization of occluded vessels depends on many angiographic and demographic features. These factors need to be identified for better patient overall outcomes. Better preoperative knowledge of factors can help in customizing our treatment approach and explaining the prognosis to the guardians of the patients. We aim to share our institutional experience with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for stroke and studied factors that affect an angiographic recanalization of vessels. A retrospective single-center study was conducted involving 104 patients who underwent MT at our institution between January 2016 and December 2019. Patient demographics, baseline characteristics, pre- and postprocedural imaging findings, and other clinical data were meticulously reviewed. We divided patients into successful recanalization (modified thrombolysis in cerebral ischemia [mTICI] 2b or 3) and unsuccessful recanalization (mTICI 2a or 1) groups and various factors were analyzed to evaluate their impact on recanalization rates. In the univariate analysis, a significant association was observed between successful recanalization and several factors: the absence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) as a risk factor (p = 0.035), the presence of a hyperdense vessel sign (p = 0.003), and the use of treatment methods including aspiration (p = 0.031), stent retriever (p = 0.001), and Solumbra (p = 0.019). However, in the multivariate analysis, none of these factors exhibited statistical significance. The presence of RHD is a risk factor associated with poor angiographic recanalization in all three MT treatment modalities. Based on the above variables we can guide the patients/relatives prior to MT procedure for their better outcome and risk–benefit ratio.
Change starts within: does managerial ability matter to green innovation?
Authors: Jiang Yalin , Cai Wei , Wang Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the crucial link between managerial ability and green innovation. Motivated by the need for sustainable business practices and the pivotal role innovation plays in environmental sustainability, we identify a significant gap in the existing literature: the specific impact of managerial ability on fostering green innovation has not been adequately explored. Our research is anchored in the resource-based view, arguing that managerial ability is a strategic resource that can significantly influence a firm’s capacity for green innovation. Our empirical analysis employs multiple regression analysis on a dataset of 2455 Chinese A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2022, examining the relationship between managerial ability and green innovation. To ensure a thorough investigation, we control for both firm-specific and year-specific fixed effects. Our findings reveal a significant positive correlation between managerial ability and green innovation, highlighting the critical role of managerial competencies in enhancing environmental innovation. Notably, subgroup analyses indicate that this relationship is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises, firms with a higher proportion of institutional investors, and in contexts with stricter environmental regulations and less developed product markets. These results not only fill the identified gap in the literature by providing empirical evidence of the impact of managerial ability on green innovation but also offer practical insights for businesses, managers, and policymakers looking to promote sustainable innovation.