bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reappraisal of nine species of Martensia (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) reported from Korea based on morphology and molecular analyses
Authors: Kang Jeong Chan , Yang Mi Yeon , Lin Showe-Mei , Kim Myung Sook 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Previous taxonomic studies reported that nine species of Martensia (i.e., Martensia albida, Martensia australis, Martensia bibarii, Martensia elegans, Martensia flammifolia, Martensia fragilis, Martensia jejuensis, Martensia projecta, and Martensia palmata) occur on the Korean coast. Our recent Martensia collections from various localities in Korea contain many specimens with a huge range of morphological variation and are difficult to classify into the named species. In this study, we analyzed DNA sequences of rbcL and COI genes to access their phylogenetic relationships and to verify taxonomic status based on morphological observations. The molecular analyses revealed that only two species of Martensia occur in Korea (M. albida and M. jejuensis). Martensia albida is characterized by having entire margins of blades with a single band of networks, whereas M. jejuensis is distinguished from the other species by possessing projections along the margins of the networks and blades. Both molecular analyses and morphological observations revealed that M. flammifolia is a member of the genus Nitophyllum. Some features (e.g., thallus habit, branching patterns, blade morphology, positions of reproductive structures) are not reliable for species identification. Our results indicate that the rbcL and the COI gene have sufficient resolution for delimitation at both species and generic levels in the subfamily Nitophylloideae.
Comparison of five automated hematology analyzers in a university hospital setting: Abbott Cell-Dyn Sapphire, Beckman Coulter DxH 800, Siemens Advia 2120i, Sysmex XE-5000, and Sysmex XN-2000
Authors: Bruegel Mathias , Nagel Dorothea , Funk Manuela , Fuhrmann Petra , Zander Johannes , Teupser Daniel 
Published: June 2015

AbstractVarious types of automated hematology analyzers are used in clinical laboratories. Here, we performed a side-by-side comparison of five current top of the range routine hematology analyzers in the setting of a university hospital central laboratory.Complete blood counts (CBC), differentials, reticulocyte and nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) counts of 349 patient samples, randomly taken out of routine diagnostics, were analyzed with Cell-Dyn Sapphire (Abbott), DxH 800 (Beckman Coulter), Advia 2120i (Siemens), XE-5000 and XN-2000 (Sysmex). Inter-instrument comparison of CBCs including reticulocyte and NRBC counts and investigation of flagging quality in relation to microscopy were performed with the complete set of samples. Inter-instrument comparison of five-part differential was performed using samples without atypical cells in blood smear (n=292). Automated five-part differentials and NRBCs were additionally compared with microscopy.The five analyzers showed a good concordance for basic blood count parameters. Correlations between instruments were less well for reticulocyte counts, NRBCs, and differentials. The poorest concordance for NRBCs with microscopy was observed for Advia 2120i (Kendall’s τTo the best of our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive side-by-side comparison of five current top of the range routine hematology analyzers. Variable analyzer quality and parameter specific limitations must be considered in defining laboratory algorithms in clinical practice.
The ratio of calprotectin to total protein as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites
Authors: Lutz Philipp , Pfarr Kenneth , Nischalke Hans Dieter , Krämer Benjamin , Goeser Felix , Glässner Andreas , Wolter Franziska , Kokordelis Pavlos , Nattermann Jacob , Sauerbruch Tilman , Hoerauf Achim , Strassburg Christian P. , Spengler Ulrich 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDiagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is based on a differential ascites leukocyte count which does not provide prognostic information. We performed a pilot study to assess calprotectin in ascites as an alternative diagnostic and prognostic marker.We collected ascites from patients with liver cirrhosis from March 2012 to July 2013. Routine clinical and laboratory data of the patients were recorded. Ascites calprotectin levels were determined by ELISA.Overall, we collected 120 ascites samples from 100 patients with liver cirrhosis and from eight patients with malignant peritoneal effusion as disease control. Samples without infection had significantly lower calprotectin levels (median 34 ng/mL, range 5–795) than SBP samples (median 928 ng/mL, range 21–110,480; p<0.001) and malignant effusions (median 401, range 47–2596 ng/mL; p<0.001). In non-infected ascites, calprotectin levels were higher in Child-Pugh stage B versus C (median 57 ng/mL vs. 17 ng/mL; p<0.001) and in alcoholic versus viral cirrhosis (median 37 ng/mL vs. 10 ng/mL; p=0.015). The ratio of ascites calprotectin to total protein was a better marker for SBP than calprotectin alone (AUROC=0.93; p<0.001; sensitivity 93%, specificity 79%; positive predictive value 60%; negative predictive value 97%). In addition, high levels of the ratio to total protein were associated with poor 30-day survival (p=0.042).The ratio of ascites calprotectin to total protein may be a promising new diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with liver cirrhosis and SBP and should be evaluated further.
Considerations in parathyroid hormone testing
Authors: Cavalier Etienne , Plebani Mario , Delanaye Pierre , Souberbielle Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2015

AbstractParathyroid hormone (PTH) is a major player in phosphocalcic metabolism and its measurement is very important for the correct diagnosis and treatment of several diseases. PTH determination represents the paradigm of quality in laboratory medicine as many variables in the pre-, intra-, and post-analytical phases strongly affect the value of the clinical information. Analytical determination of PTH has been rendered difficult by the presence, in the circulation, of truncated fragments that can cross-react with the antibodies used for its determination. In addition, pre-analytical phase is complicated by the lack of stability of the peptide and the best sample to use for its determination remains controversial, as well as sample handling and storage. PTH secretion is also affected by circadian and seasonal rhythms and by physical exercise. Finally, from the post-analytical perspective, establishment of reliable reference ranges requires further efforts as the selection criteria for reference subjects should take into consideration new variables such as gender, race and vitamin D levels. Finally, clinical guidelines have recently revised and improved the criteria for a correct interpretation of PTH values.
Influence of extraction methods on the recovery of astragaloside IV from the roots of Astragalus mongholicus in Soxhlet- and Twisselmann-type apparatus
Authors: Kukuła-Koch Wirginia , Baj Tomasz , Sieniawska Elwira , Koch Wojciech , Widelski Jarosław , Luchowska Katarzyna , Kołodziej Barbara , Głowniak Kazimierz 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Astragalus mongholicus, commonly used in
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), contains significant
amounts of triterpene saponins – astragalosides, which
possess a wide variety of pharmacological actions,
including the treatment of cardiovascular and respiratory
diseases. The present study was performed to develop a
fast and effective extraction method of saponins from
crude plant material using Twisselmann-type apparatus.
Moreover, a detailed comparison between Soxhlet and
Twisselmann apparatus was performed to explain the
advantages and disadvantages of their applications.
The content of astragaloside IV – the major saponin of
A. mongholicus extracts and chosen as an extraction
efficiency marker ‒ was determined by means of RP-HPLCELSD
chromatography in an herein optimized method.
Twisselmann extraction shortened its duration from 4 to 2
hours in comparison with the Soxhlet method ‒ a generally
accepted method preparation for this extract. The
effectiveness of both apparatus was alike (3.24 ± 0.44 mg
and 3.48 ± 0.26 mg of astragaloside IV/ 4g of powdered
root for 2 hours in Twisselmann and 4 hours in Soxhlet
apparatus). Compared with a pharmacopoeial method, the
application of Twisselmann apparatus enabled a decrease
in analysis time of 50%, which is of high significance,
especially for large, scaled-up industrial scale.
Resolution of ketoconazole enantiomers by high-performance liquid chromatography and inclusion complex formation between selector and enantiomers
Authors: Sun Bi-Zhu , He Kui , Chen Xiao-Ming , Chen Chun-Yan , Wang Zhao , Cai Chang-Qun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe analytical resolution of ketoconazole (KTZ) enantiomers was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with sulphobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) as a chiral mobile phase additive (chiral selector). Some important factors affecting the resolution of KTZ enantiomers were investigated. In addition, the molecular interaction between KTZ and SBE-β-CD was studied using the UV absorption spectrum and HPLC for an understanding of the resolution process. The results show that the type and concentration of the chiral mobile phase additive, the pH of the mobile phase and the volume fraction of methanol (φMeOH) in the mobile phase all have a clear influence on the resolution of KTZ enantiomers. Under optimal conditions, namely the use of 0.5 mmol L
Molecular dynamic studies of amyloid-beta interactions with curcumin and Cu2+ ions
Authors: Kozmon Stanislav , Tvaroška Igor 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAmyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide readily forms aggregates that are associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Transition metals play a key role in this process. Recently, it has been shown that curcumin (CUA), a polyphenolic phytochemical, inhibits the aggregation of Aβ peptide. However, interactions of Aβ peptide with metal ions or CUA are not entirely clear. In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to clear the nature of interactions between the 42-residue Aβ peptide (Aβ-42) and Cu
Ni-based olivine-type catalysts and their application in hydrogen production via auto-thermal reforming of acetic acid
Authors: Feng Ming-Shi , Liu Jia-Duo , Zhang Fang-Bai , Huang Li-Hong 
Published: June 2015

AbstractOlivine is abundant in the Earth’s upper mantle; it has applications in catalysts to enhance their stability in structures. The olivine-type catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal synthesis and tested in the auto-thermal reforming (ATR) of acetic acid (AC), a model compound from bio-oil, for hydrogen production. In the meantime, the natural olivine impregnated with Ni was also tested. Characterisations of XRD, nitrogen physisorption, temperature-programmed reduction, and SEM-EDX were used to find the structure-reactivity relationship. The results indicate that the natural olivine produced a low H
The effects of news frames and political speech sources on political attitudes: The moderating role of values
Authors: Waheed Moniza , Schuck Andreas , Neijens Peter , de Vreese Claes 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study investigated the extent to which values play a role in affecting citizens’ political attitudes when exposed to different media news frames and political speech sources. To test this, we designed a survey experiment which used news coverage of a political speech concerning the cultural practices of immigrants (
Corrupt politicians? Media priming effects on overtly expressed stereotypes toward politicians
Authors: Arendt Florian , Marquart Franziska 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe present study investigates whether or not reading about corrupt politicians influences peoples’ subsequent judgments toward political actors’ supposed corruptness. We expected this media stereotype priming effect to be dependent on pre-existing implicit stereotypes. It was hypothesized that only those participants would show a media priming effect who already have a strong automatic association between ‘politicians’ and ‘corrupt’ in memory prior to reading a further facilitative article (“politicians are corrupt”). Conversely, people who do not have a comparable biased cognitive association should not. Data from an experiment support this hypothesis: We found pre-existing implicit stereotypes to moderate the media priming effect on explicit stereotypes, but only when the newspaper article covered the “corrupt politician” media stereotype with sufficient salience. Furthermore, the experiment showed that antagonistic media primes (“politicians are honest”) did not produce a media priming effect at all. Antagonistic articles were simply not able to prime corruption-related memory traces.
Improvement of corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys for biomedical applications
Authors: Chen Kai , Dai Jianwei , Zhang Xiaobo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn recent years, magnesium (Mg) alloys have attracted great attention due to superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other characteristics important for use in biodegradable implants. However, the development of Mg alloys for clinical application continues to be hindered by high corrosion rates and localized corrosion modes, both of which are detrimental to the mechanical integrity of a load-bearing temporary implant. To overcome these challenges, technologies have been developed to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, among which surface treatment is the most common way to enhance not only the corrosion resistance, but also the bioactivity of biodegradable Mg alloys. Nevertheless, surface treatments are unable to fundamentally solve the problems of fast corrosion rate and localized corrosion. Therefore, it is of great importance to alter and improve the intrinsic corrosion behavior of Mg alloys for biomedical applications. To show the significance of the intrinsic corrosion resistance of biodegradable Mg alloys and attract much attention on this issue, this article presents a review of the improvements made to enhance intrinsic corrosion resistance of Mg alloys in recent years through the design and preparation of the Mg alloys, including purifying, alloying, grain refinement, and heat treatment techniques. The influence of long-period stacking-ordered structure on corrosion behavior of the biodegradable Mg alloys is also discussed.
On topologies in the family of sets with the Baire property
Authors: Hejduk Jacek 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Starting with an operator defined on the family of open sets in a topological Baire space

〈
X
,
τ
〉

${\langle X, \tau \rangle }$

we can define a lower density operator on the family of sets having the Baire property with respect to the τ-topology. The investigation of the abstract density topologies generated by such operators is the main subject of this paper.
fpn
-injective and fpn
-flat modules
Authors: Wei Jiaqun , Zhang Yujie 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the notion of fpn
-injective
and fpn
-flat modules, and investigate their properties.
In particular, we prove that
every left R-module has an fpn
-injective cover (resp.
preenvelope) and every right R-module has an fpn
-flat cover
(resp. preenvelope). We also study the exchange properties of
fpn
-injective and fpn
-flat modules, as well as
fpn
-injective precovers (resp. preenvelopes) and fpn
-flat
precovers (resp. preenvelopes), under (almost) excellent
extensions of rings.
On the cardinalities of a
t-sets in a real Hilbert space
Authors: Kharazishvili Alexander 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A set X in a real Hilbert space H is called an
a
t-set if every three-element subset of X forms either an
acute-angled triangle or a right-angled triangle. The maximal
cardinality of an a
t-set in an infinite-dimensional H is
found. Furthermore, the number of right angles in the unit cube

[
0
,
1
]

n

${[0,1]^n}$

is calculated. As an application, a simple solution of a
well-known problem is given, concerning the maximal
cardinality of a strong a
t-set in the Euclidean space ℝ
n
.
I
2(u)-convergence of double sequences of order
(α,β)
Authors: Altin Yavuz , Çolak Rifat , Torgut Birgül 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce and examine the concepts of I
2(u)-convergence
of order (α,β) and
uniformly strong p-Cesàro summability of
order (α,β), of double
sequences of complex (or real) numbers, where

α
,
β

$\alpha ,\beta $

are real numbers such that

0
<
α
,
β
≤
1

${ 0&lt;\alpha ,\beta \le 1}$

. Also, we establish the main
results and prove some inclusion relations between uniformly strong
p-Cesàro summability and I
2(u)-convergence of order
(α,β).
Algebroid functions with given Borel points
Authors: Wu Zhao-Jun , Zhang Shao-Hua 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we prove the following result. Suppose that E is an arbitrary non-empty closed set of real
numbers

(
mod
2
π
)

${(\operatorname{mod} 2\pi )}$

. Then for any positive λ
(

0
<
λ
<
∞

${0&lt;\lambda &lt;\infty }$

), there exists an algebroid function (not
meromorphic) w(z) of order λ in the unit disc, such that
every point

e

i
θ

${e^{i\theta }}$

,

θ
∈
E

${\theta \in E}$

, on the unit circle is a Borel
point of order λ of w(z) and w(z) has no other Borel
point of order λ. This result generalizes the related
results of a meromorphic function due to Lo Yang, Guanghou Zhang, Daochun
Sun and Zongsheng Gao.
Boosting the Food Functionality (In Vivo and In Vitro) of Spirulina by Gamma Radiation: An Inspiring Approach
Authors: Islam Jahid M. M. , Ismail Md. , Islam Md. Rakibul , Hossain Md. Faruk , Shekhar Hossain Uddin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Foods (natural or processed) containing known biologically active compounds, which supplies clinically established and well-documented health benefits, are termed as functional food. Study objectives were to boost food functionality of spirulina, to optimize the required radiation dose, and to test functionality of spirulina both in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose fat binding capacity, sugar binding capacity, hydration property, antioxidative property, total polyphenol content were assessed at different radiation doses. A total of 30 rats were divided into three groups to carry out in vivo experiments to validate the outcomes of in vitro experiments. Targeted physico-chemical properties of spirulina were increased at their maximum level at 15 kGy radiation dose. In vivo experiments validated the outcomes of in vitro experiments. Though gamma radiation improves food functionality of spirulina at various radiation doses, but the optimum dose is recommended as 15 kGy.
Comparison of Moisture Sorption Isotherms and Quality Characteristics of Freeze-Dried and Boiled-Dried Abalone
Authors: Chun Ji-Yeon , Jo Yeon-Ji , Shim Jun-Bo , Min Sang-Gi , Hong Geun-Pyo 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This study investigated the moisture sorption isotherm (MSI) profiles of freeze-dried (FD) and boiled-dried (BD) abalone at 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C, and compared the quality characteristics of the abalone after rehydration. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and the calculated monolayer moisture content of FD abalone were higher than those of BD abalone. After rehydration, FD abalone showed a higher yield and a lower shear force than BD abalone. Additionally, the appearance of FD abalone was similar to that of fresh abalone, reflecting a potential application of FD to produce value-added dried abalone.
Pulsatile Flow of Blood in a Vessel Using an Oldroyd-B fluid
Authors: Sajid M. , Zaman A. , Ali N. , Siddiqui A. M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the effects of body acceleration on an unsteady pulsatile flow of blood in a vessel. The non-Newtonian behavior of blood is modeled by the constitutive equation of an Oldroyd-B fluid. The behavior of the blood is assumed as an Oldroyd-B fluid in the core and a viscous fluid in the periphery. This new model predicts the relaxation and retardation phenomena in a pulsatile flow. Our interest lies in investigating the effects of stress relaxation and retardation in unsteady pulsatile flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid. The modeled equations are normalized and solved numerically using finite difference method. The results are graphically displayed and influence of the pertinent parameter on various physical quantities of interest is analyzed.
Translanguaging practices in complex multilingual spaces: A discontinuous continuity in post-independent South Africa
Authors: Makalela Leketi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWhereas the use of discursive linguistic resources among multilingual speakers has been closely scrutinized in recent years, highly complex multilingual spaces have not been adequately documented in research. This article reports on new sociolinguistic developments in post-Apartheid South Africa and explores how people mobility and integration of a historically divided society produces hybrid ways of identifying and making sense of the world. Analysis of self-recorded student interactions from five townships in Johannesburg shows that traditional language boundaries have blurred and given way to a complex and multilayered variety, referred to as
The Acute Oral Toxicity of Commonly Used Pesticides in Iran, to Honeybees (Apis Mellifera Meda)
Authors: Rasuli Farhang , Rafie Javad Nazemi , Sadeghi Amin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The honey bee is credited with approximately 85% of the pollinating activity necessary to supply about one-third of the world’s food supply. Well over 50 major crops depend on these insects for pollination. The crops produce more abundantly when honey bees are plentiful. Worker bees are the ones primarily affected by pesticides. Poisoning symptoms can vary depending on the developmental stage of the individual bee, and the kind of chemical employed. The oral toxicity of these insecticides: (phosalone and pirimicarb), acaricide (propargite), insecticide and acaricide (fenpropathrin), fungicides, and bactericides (copper oxychloride and the Bordeaux mixture), were evaluated for the purposes of this research. The results showed that fenpropathrin had high acute oral toxicity (LC50-24h and LC50-48 were 0.54 and 0.3 ppm, respectively). Propargite had 7785 ppm (active ingredient) for LC50-24h and 6736 ppm (active ingredient) for LC50-48h in honeybees and is therefore, non-toxic to Apis mellifera. On the other hand, copper oxychloride had minimum acute oral toxicity to honeybees (LC50-24h and LC50-48 were 4591.5 and 5407.9 ppm, respectively) and was therefore considered non-toxic. Also, the Bordeaux mixture was safe to use around honeybees. Phosalone and primicarb were considered highly and moderately toxic to honeybees, respectively.