bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effects of noise, vibration, and low temperature on the physiological parameters of labor employees
Authors: Chao Pao‐Chiang , Juang Yow‐Jer , Chen Chiou‐Jong , Dai Yu‐Tung , Yeh Ching‐Ying , Hu Ching‐Yao 
Published: June 2013

AbstractNoise, vibration, and low temperature render specific occupational hazards to labor employees. The purpose of this research was to investigate the combined effects of these three physical hazards on employees' physiological parameters. The Taguchi experimental method was used to simulate different exposure conditions caused by noise, vibration, and low temperature, and their effects on the physiological parameters of the test takers were measured. The data were then analyzed using statistical methods to evaluate the combined effects of these three factors on human health. Results showed that the factor that influenced the finger skin temperature, manual dexterity, and mean artery pressure (MAP) most was air temperature, and exposure time was the second most influential factor. Noise was found to be the major factor responsible for hearing loss; in this case, hand–arm vibration and temperature had no effect at all. During the study, the temperature was confined in the 5–25°C range (which was not sufficient to study the effects at extremely high‐ and low‐temperature working conditions) because the combined effects of even two factors were very complicated. For example, the combined effects of hand–arm vibration and low temperature might lead to occupational hazards such as vibration‐induced white finger syndrome in working labors. Further studies concerning the occupational damage caused by the combined effects of hazardous factors need to be conducted in the future.
Double‐deleted vaccinia virus in virotherapy for refractory and metastatic pediatric solid tumors
Authors: Lun Xueqing , Ruan Yibing , Jayanthan Aarthi , Liu David J. , Singh Anjali , Trippett Tanya , Bell John , Forsyth Peter , Johnston Randal N. , Narendran Aru 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown successful antitumor effects of systemically delivered double‐deleted vaccinia virus (vvDD) against a number of adult tumor models, including glioma, colon and ovarian cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the oncolytic potential of vvDD against a panel of cell lines representative of pediatric solid tumors that are currently difficult to cure.MethodsCell lines derived from central nervous system atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) (BT12, BT16 and KCCF1), sarcoma (143B, HOS, RD and RH30), and neuroblastoma (SKNAS, SKNBE2, IMR‐5 and IMR‐32) were examined for vvDD mediated cytotoxicity defined by virus expansion followed by loss of tumor cell viability. The normal human fibroblast cell line HS68 was used as a control. Next, relevant orthotopic, subcutaneous and lung metastasis xenograft models were treated with intravenous doses of live vvDD or killed virus controls (DV). Tumor growth inhibition and viral replication were quantified and survival outcomes of these animals were assessed.ResultsvvDD was able to infect and kill nine of eleven of the pediatric tumor cells (81.8%) in vitro. In xenograft models, intravenous administration of a single dose of vvDD significantly inhibited the growth of tumors and prolonged the survival of intracranial and metastatic tumors.ConclusionsOncolytic vvDD administered i.v. shows activity in preclinical models of pediatric malignancies that are resistant to many currently available treatments. Our data support further evaluation of vvDD virotherapy for refractory pediatric solid tumors.
Rate of Return to Acute Care Hospital Based on Day and Time of Rehabilitation Admission
Authors: Faulk Clinton E. , Cooper Natalie R. , Staneata Judit A. , Bunch Michael P. , Galang Enrique , Fang Xiangming , Foster Keith J. 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo determine if a patient's return to the acute care hospital (RTACH) from an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) because of medical acuity is affected by the day of the week and time of rehabilitation admission.DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingInpatient rehabilitation facility.ParticipantsAll adult patients admitted to the IRF from January 1, 2009, to June 30, 2011. RTACH was defined as an interruption in the patients' rehabilitation course as a result of medical and/or surgical complications requiring a higher level of care. The control group was defined as patients who completed an uninterrupted rehabilitation course. The study included 2282 patients (2026 control patients and 256 case patients).Main Outcome MeasuresWe compared patient demographics, admission impairment groups, discharge diagnosis, admission and discharge Functional Independent Measure (FIM) scores, length of stay, attached hospital versus outside hospital admissions, and RTACH rates between case patients and control patients.ResultsOut of 2282 patients admitted to the IRF over a 30‐month period, 256 patients (10.85%) required an RTACH for a higher level of care not available in the IRF. Two statistically significant results were found for RTACH, including rehabilitation admission time and FIM scores (admission motor and cognition scores). Day of the week for inpatient rehabilitation admission was not statistically significant.ConclusionThis study found that the later in the day a patient was admitted to the IRF, the higher the rate of RTACH. In addition, a lower Motor FIM score was found to be correlated with a higher rate of RTACH. Admission day of the week was not found to be statistically significant with regard to the rate of RTACH. Further research is needed to determine the underlying contributing factors that would help decrease the rate of RTACH.
Koopman-mode decomposition of the cylinder wake
Authors: Bagheri Shervin 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe Koopman operator provides a powerful way of analysing nonlinear flow dynamics using linear techniques. The operator defines how observables evolve in time along a nonlinear flow trajectory. In this paper, we perform a Koopman analysis of the first Hopf bifurcation of the flow past a circular cylinder. First, we decompose the flow into a sequence of Koopman modes, where each mode evolves in time with one single frequency/growth rate and amplitude/phase, corresponding to the complex eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Koopman operator, respectively. The analytical construction of these modes shows how the amplitudes and phases of nonlinear global modes oscillating with the vortex shedding frequency or its harmonics evolve as the flow develops and later sustains self-excited oscillations. Second, we compute the dynamic modes using the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) algorithm, which fits a linear combination of exponential terms to a sequence of snapshots spaced equally in time. It is shown that under certain conditions the DMD algorithm approximates Koopman modes, and hence provides a viable method to decompose the flow into saturated and transient oscillatory modes. Finally, the relevance of the analysis to frequency selection, global modes and shift modes is discussed.
Chronic high-fat diet increases acute neuroendocrine stress response independently of prenatal dexamethasone treatment in male rats
Authors: Abildgaard Anders , Lund Sten , Hougaard Karin S 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been associated with metabolic disorders later in life such as obesity and diabetes as well as psychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. Therefore, we wanted to investigate whether behavioural, metabolic or neuroendocrine abnormalities could be provoked or exacerbated by a high-fat diet (HFD) in an experimental model of IUGR.MethodsPregnant dams were exposed to dexamethasone (DEX) in the third gestational week to induce IUGR. Late adolescent male offspring of DEX- and vehicle-treated dams were then fed a HFD or standard chow for 8 weeks and subjected to a variety of assessments.ResultsOnly diet affected the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis stress response, as HFD doubled the observed corticosterone levels following acute restraint. HFD and prenatal DEX exposure concomitantly exacerbated depressive-like behaviour in the forced swim test, even though no interaction was seen. Prenatal DEX treatment tended to increase the basal acoustic startle response (ASR), while an interaction between HFD and DEX was present in the ASR pre-pulse inhibition suggestive of fundamental changes in neuronal gating mechanisms. Metabolic parameters were only affected by diet, as HFD increased fasting glucose and insulin levels.ConclusionWe conclude that chronic HFD may be more important in programming of the HPA axis stress responsiveness than an adverse foetal environment and therefore potentially implies an increased risk for developing psychiatric and metabolic disease.
Dopamine D2/3 receptor availability and human cognitive impulsivity: a high-resolution positron emission tomography imaging study with [11C]raclopride
Authors: Kim Jong-Hoon , Son Young-Don , Kim Hang-Keun , Lee Sang-Yoon , Kim Young-Bo , Cho Zang-Hee 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveHuman impulsivity is a complex multidimensional construct encompassing cognitive, emotional, and behavioural aspects. Previous animal studies have suggested that striatal dopamine receptors play a critical role in impulsivity. In this study, we investigated the relationship between self-reported impulsiveness and dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in striatal subdivisions in healthy subjects using high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]raclopride.MethodsTwenty-one participants completed 3-T magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution PET scans with [11C]raclopride. The trait of impulsiveness was measured using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Partial correlation analysis was performed between BIS-11 scores and D2/3 receptor availability in striatal subregions, controlling for the confounding effects of temperament characteristics that are conceptually or empirically related to dopamine, which were measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory.ResultsThe analysis revealed that the non-planning (p = 0.004) and attentional (p = 0.007) impulsiveness subscale scores on the BIS-11 had significant positive correlations with D2/3 receptor availability in the pre-commissural dorsal caudate. There was a tendency towards positive correlation between non-planning impulsiveness score and D2/3 receptor availability in the post-commissural caudate.ConclusionThese results suggest that cognitive subtrait of impulsivity is associated with D2/3 receptor availability in the associative striatum that plays a critical role in cognitive processes involving attention to detail, judgement of alternative outcomes, and inhibitory control.
Linear and nonlinear stability criteria for compressible MHD flows in a gravitational field
Authors: MOAWAD S. M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe equilibrium and stability properties of ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) of compressible flow in a gravitational field with a translational symmetry are investigated. Variational principles for the steady-state equations are formulated. The MHD equilibrium equations are obtained as critical points of a conserved Lyapunov functional. This functional consists of the sum of the total energy, the mass, the circulation along field lines (cross helicity), the momentum, and the magnetic helicity. In the unperturbed case, the equilibrium states satisfy a nonlinear second-order partial differential equation (PDE) associated with hydrodynamic Bernoulli law. The PDE can be an elliptic or a parabolic equation depending on increasing the poloidal flow speed. Linear and nonlinear Lyapunov stability conditions under translational symmetric perturbations are established for the equilibrium states.
CONNECTIONS AND NETWORKS IN SPAIN OF A LONDON MERCHANT-BANKER, 1800-1850
Authors: Llorca-Jaña Manuel 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with Anglo-Spanish trade and finances for the period c. 1810-1850. It concentrates on the business activities of a London merchant bank (Huth & Co. or Huth) with Spain during this period by paying special attention to the support given by Huth to the many bilateral trades between Spain and Britain in which the company participated. It also focuses on the support given by Huth to much trade in and out of Spanish ports but which did not go through British ports. This overall support included the provision of credit facilities, exchange rate brokerage, insurance services and commercial intelligence. In addition, the article covers the links between Huth and the Spanish crown, thanks to which the bank became an important conduit of Spanish investments in American securities before 1850. Huth was also the paymaster abroad for the Spanish state. In view of Huth's close connections to the Spanish economy during this period, it is perhaps surprising that this is the first study of this «Spanish» house in London.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTINUOUS-FLOW LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES
Authors: Neyt Mattias , Van den Bruel Ann , Smit Yolba , De Jonge Nicolaas , Erasmus Michiel , Van Dijk Diederik , Vlayen Joan 
Published: June 2013

Objectives: Mechanical circulatory support through left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) improves survival and quality of life for patients with end-stage heart failure who are ineligible for cardiac transplantation. Our aim was to calculate the cost-effectiveness of continuous-flow LVADs.Methods: A cost-utility analysis from a societal perspective was performed. A lifetime Markov model was set up in which continuous-flow LVAD was compared with optimal medical therapy (OMT). The treatment effect was modeled indirectly combining the results of the REMATCH trial comparing OMT with a pulsatile-flow LVAD and the HeartMate II Destination Therapy Trial comparing a pulsatile-flow LVAD with a continuous-flow LVAD. Cost data were based on real-world financial data of sixty-nine patients with a HeartMate II implantation from the University Medical Centre Utrecht (the Netherlands). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.Results: Comparing the continuous-flow HeartMate II with OMT, 3.23 (95 percent confidence interval [CI], 2.18–4.49) life-years were gained (LYG) or 2.83 (95 percent CI, 1.91–3.90) quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). The cost of an LVAD implant was approximately €126,000, of which the device itself represented the largest cost, being €70,000. Total incremental costs amounted to €299,100 (95 percent CI, 190,500–521,000). This resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of €94,100 (95 percent CI, 59,100–160,100) per LYG or €107,600 (95 percent CI, 66,700–181,100) per QALY. Sensitivity analyses showed these results were robust.Conclusions: Although LVAD destination therapy improves survival and quality of life, it remains a relatively expensive intervention which renders the reimbursement of this therapy questionable.
Ecological Validity and Neuroanatomical Correlates of the NIH EXAMINER Executive Composite Score
Authors: Possin Katherine L. , LaMarre Amanda K. , Wood Kristie A. , Mungas Dan M. , Kramer Joel H. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractExecutive functions refer to a constellation of higher-level cognitive abilities that enable goal-oriented behavior. The NIH EXAMINER battery was designed to assess executive functions comprehensively and efficiently. Performance can be summarized by a single score, the “Executive Composite,” which combines measures of inhibition, set-shifting, fluency, and working memory. We evaluated the ecological validity of the Executive Composite in a sample of 225 mixed neurological patients and controls using the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), an informant-based measure of real-world executive behavior. In addition, we investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of the Executive Composite using voxel-based morphometry in a sample of 37 participants diagnosed with dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or as neurologically healthy. The Executive Composite accounted for 28% of the variance in Frontal Systems Behavior Scale scores beyond age. Even after including two widely used executive function tests (Trails B and Stroop) as covariates, the Executive Composite remained a significant predictor of real-world behavior. Anatomically, poorer scores on the Executive Composite were associated with smaller right and left dorsolateral prefrontal volumes, brain regions critical for good executive control. Taken together, these results suggest that the Executive Composite measures important aspects of executive function not captured by standard measures and reflects the integrity of frontal systems. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–9)
Atomic Force Microscopy Characterization of the External Cortical Bone Surface in Young and Elderly Women: Potential Nanostructural Traces of Periosteal Bone Apposition During Aging
Authors: Milovanovic Petar , Djuric Marija , Neskovic Olivera , Djonic Danijela , Potocnik Jelena , Nikolic Slobodan , Stoiljkovic Milovan , Zivkovic Vladimir , Rakocevic Zlatko 
Published: June 2013

AbstractOn the basis of the suggestion that bone nanostructure bears “tissue age” information and may reflect surface deposition/modification processes, we performed nanoscale characterization of the external cortical bone surface at the femoral neck in women using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The specific aims were to assess age-related differences in bone nanostructure and explore the existence of nanostructural traces of potential bone apposition at this surface. Our findings revealed that the external cortical surface represents a continuous phase composed of densely packed mineral grains. Although the grains varied in size and shape, there was a domination of small grains indicative of freshly deposited bone (mean grain size: young, 35 nm; old, 37 nm;p> 0.05). Advanced quantitative analysis of surface morphological patterns revealed comparable roughness and complexity of the surface, suggesting a similar rate of mineral particle deposition at the surface in both groups. Calcium/phosphorus ratio, a measure of bone tissue age, was within the same range in both groups. In summary, our AFM analyses showed consistent nanostructural and compositional bone features, suggesting existence of new bone at the periosteal bone surface in both young and elderly women. Considering observed age-related increase in the neck diameter, AFM findings may support the theory of continuous bone apposition at the periosteal surface.
Dynamics and stoichiometry of a regulated enhancer-binding protein in live Escherichia coli cells
Authors: Mehta Parul , Jovanovic Goran , Lenn Tchern , Bruckbauer Andreas , Engl Christoph , Ying Liming , Buck Martin 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBacterial enhancer-dependent transcription systems support major adaptive responses and offer a singular paradigm in gene control analogous to complex eukaryotic systems. Here we report new mechanistic insights into the control of one-membrane stress-responsive bacterial enhancer-dependent system. Using millisecond single-molecule fluorescence microscopy of live cells we determine the localizations, two-dimensional diffusion dynamics and stoichiometries of complexes of the bacterial enhancer-binding ATPase PspF during its action at promoters as regulated by inner membrane interacting negative controller PspA. We establish that a stable repressive PspF–PspA complex is located in the nucleoid, transiently communicating with the inner membrane via PspA. The PspF as a hexamer stably binds only one of the two psp promoters at a time, suggesting that psp promoters will fire asynchronously and cooperative interactions of PspF with the basal transcription complex influence dynamics of the PspF hexamer–DNA complex and regulation of the psp promoters.
UniNovo: a universal tool for de novo peptide sequencing
Authors: Jeong Kyowon , Kim Sangtae , Pevzner Pavel A. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Mass spectrometry (MS) instruments and experimental protocols are rapidly advancing, but de novo peptide sequencing algorithms to analyze tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra are lagging behind. Although existing de novo sequencing tools perform well on certain types of spectra [e.g. Collision Induced Dissociation (CID) spectra of tryptic peptides], their performance often deteriorates on other types of spectra, such as Electron Transfer Dissociation (ETD), Higher-energy Collisional Dissociation (HCD) spectra or spectra of non-tryptic digests. Thus, rather than developing a new algorithm for each type of spectra, we develop a universal de novo sequencing algorithm called UniNovo that works well for all types of spectra or even for spectral pairs (e.g. CID/ETD spectral pairs). UniNovo uses an improved scoring function that captures the dependences between different ion types, where such dependencies are learned automatically using a modified offset frequency function.
Results: The performance of UniNovo is compared with PepNovo+, PEAKS and pNovo using various types of spectra. The results show that the performance of UniNovo is superior to other tools for ETD spectra and superior or comparable with others for CID and HCD spectra. UniNovo also estimates the probability that each reported reconstruction is correct, using simple statistics that are readily obtained from a small training dataset. We demonstrate that the estimation is accurate for all tested types of spectra (including CID, HCD, ETD, CID/ETD and HCD/ETD spectra of trypsin, LysC or AspN digested peptides).
Availability: UniNovo is implemented in JAVA and tested on Windows, Ubuntu and OS X machines. UniNovo is available at http://proteomics.ucsd.edu/Software/UniNovo.html along with the manual.
Contact: kwj@ucsd.edu or ppevzner@ucsd.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Bayesian evolutionary model testing in the phylogenomics era: matching model complexity with computational efficiency
Authors: Baele Guy , Lemey Philippe 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMotivation: The advent of new sequencing technologies has led to increasing amounts of data being available to perform phylogenetic analyses, with genomic data giving rise to the field of phylogenomics. High-performance computing is becoming an indispensable research tool to fit complex evolutionary models, which take into account specific genomic properties, to large datasets. Here, we perform an extensive Bayesian phylogenetic model selection study, comparing codon and nucleotide substitution models, including codon position partitioning for nucleotide data as well gene-specific substitution models for both data types. For the best fitting partitioned models, we also compare independent partitioning with standard diffuse prior specification to conditional partitioning via hierarchical prior specification. To compare the different models, we use state-of-the-art marginal likelihood estimation techniques, including path sampling and stepping-stone sampling.Results: We show that a full codon model best describes the features of a whole mitochondrial genome dataset, consisting of 12 protein-coding genes, but only when each gene is allowed to evolve under a separate codon model. However, when using hierarchical prior specification for the partition-specific parameters instead of independent diffuse priors, codon position partitioned nucleotide models can still outperform standard codon models. We demonstrate the feasibility of fitting such a combination of complex models using the BEAGLE library for BEAST in combination with recent graphics cards. We argue that development and use of such models needs to be accompanied by state-of-the-art marginal likelihood estimators because the more traditional and computationally less demanding estimators do not offer adequate accuracy.Contact: guy.baele@rega.kuleuven.be