bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-Dimensional NQR Spectroscopy for the Characterization of Crystalline Powders
Authors: Käuper P. , Göbbels V. , Blümler P. , Blümich B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Two-dimensional NQR spectroscopy for correlation of homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths has been applied to the 35Cl resonance of sodium chlorate powders of different origin. Powder from a ground crystal could be discriminated from technical powder by the ratio of linewidths along the two orthogonal axes in the 2D spectrum. These experiments indicate the applicability of NQR spectroscopy in material science.
Interaction of Alkaline Earth Metal Ions with Acetic and Lactic Acid in Aqueous Solutions Studied by 13C NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Kondoh A. , Oi T. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Interaction of alkaline earth metal (magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium) ions with acetic and lactic acid in aqueous media was investigated by 13C NMR spectroscopy. In the acetate systems, signals whose chemical shifts were the averages of those of the free and bound acetate ions were observed. Downfield shifts of the carboxylate carbon signals with increasing metal ion concentration indicated that the acetate ion acted as a monodentate ligand coordinating to the metal ion using the carboxylate group. The metal ion concentration dependence of the peak positions of the methine and carboxylate carbon signals of the lactate ion in the lactate systems suggested that the lactate ion coordinated to a metal ion using the carboxylate and hydroxyl groups. Unique upfield shifts upon complexation in the magnesium lactate systems suggested that the lactate ion coordinated to the magnesium ion from outside the primary hydration sphere.
The present results were consistent with the isotope effects of the alkaline earth metals observed in cation exchange chromatography.
Thermal Instability in Rivlin-Ericksen Elastico-Viscous Fluids in Hydromagnetics
Authors: Sharma R. C. , Kumar P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The thermal instability of a layer of Rivlin-Ericksen elastico-viscous fluid acted on by a uniform vertical magnetic field is considered. For stationary convection, a Rivlin-Ericksen elastico-viscous fluid behaves like a Newtonian fluid. The magnetic field has a stabilizing effect. It is found that the presence of a magnetic field introduces oscillatory modes which were non-existent in its absence. The sufficient condition for the non-existence of overstability is also obtained.
Notiz: Temperature Dependence of the Proton NMR Spectra of Bitumen
Authors: Dolinšek J. , Lahajnar G. , Marin B. , Pirš J. , Sepe A. , Slak J. , Milia F. , Blinc R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The temperature dependence of the proton NMR spectra of bitumen samples of different origin and quality has been measured between 400 K and 80 K. Whereas the linewidths of different samples are essentially identical above 340 K and below 240 K, there is a significant difference in the linewidth transition region around room temperature.
The results show that it is possible to discriminate between bitumen samples of different composition and quality by simply measuring the proton NMR linewidth at room temperature.
A Generalized Debye Scattering Equation
Authors: Wieder Thomas , Fuess Hartmut 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Debye scattering equation for amorphous material and the Laue scattering equation for crystalline material follow from different assumptions on the orientation distribution of the interatomic distance vector rμ,ν. A generalization of these assumptions leads to a new scattering equation which is presented here.
Low Frequency Dielectric Relaxation Process in Liquid Crystals with Nematic and Liquid-Like Smectic Phases
Authors: Urban S. , Kresse H. , Dąbrowski R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Results of dielectric studies of the low frequency relaxation process in several substances exhibiting nematic -smectic C polymorphism are presented. They are compared with the data obtained re-cently for substances with nematic-smectic A and nematic-smectic B phase sequences. It was found that the rate of molecular reorientation around the short axes does not change at the transition between the nematic and a liquid-like smectic phase (Sm A, Sm C), whereas it is considerably retarded at that of the nematic-solid-like smectic (Sm B) phase. However, the activation barrier for this motion is markedly lower in the orthogonal smectics (Sm A, Sm B) than in the nematic and Sm C phases. The analysis of numerous experimental data on the activation enthalpy in the nematic phase shows that the Arrhenius equation conforms better with results than the Diogo-Martins approach, if the nematic range exceeds 10 K.
Density and Electrical Conductivity of Molten (2K, Fe)Cl2, (2K, Co)Cl2, and (2K, Ni)Cl2
Authors: Red’kin A. A. , Salyulev A. B. , Smirnov M. V. , Khokhlov V. A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The density and electrical conductivity of molten (2K, Fe)Cl2, (2 K, Co)Cl2 and (2K, Ni)Cl2 have been investigated. The density was measured by the maximum bubble pressure and dylatometric methods, the electrical conductivity by an AC technique. The molar volume and equivalent conductance were calculated.
Long-range Structures in Bulk Water. A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Kohlmeyer Axel , Witschel Wolfgang , Spohr Eckhard 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We present recent calculations of pair correlation functions and partial structure factors derived from molecular dynamics simulations of large bulk water systems (up to 12 167 water molecules). We observe small amplitude oscillations of the pair correlation functions in the range between 10 and 20 Ä.
Evaluation of Luminescence Decay Measurements Probed on Pure and Doped Pt(IV) Hexahalogeno Complexes. II. Molecular Properties Obtained from Temperature Dependent Lifetime Curves
Authors: Biertümpel Ingo , Schmidtke Hans-Herbert 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Lifetime measurements down to nearly liquid helium temperatures are used for determining energy levels and transition rates between excited levels and relaxations into the ground state. Energies are obtained from temperature dependent lifetimes by fitting experimental curves to model functions pertinent for thermally activated processes. Rates are calculated from solutions of rate equations. Similar parameters for pure and doped Pt(IV) hexahalogeno complexes indicate that excited levels largely belong to molecular units. Some of the rates between excited states are only somewhat larger than decay rates into the ground state, which is a consequence of the polyexponential decay measured also at low temperature (2 K). In the series of halogen complexes, the rates between spinorbit levels resulting from 3T1g increase from fluorine to bromine, although energy splittings become larger. Due to the decreasing population of higher excited states in this series, K^PtFö shows a tri-exponential, K2PtCl6 a bi-exponential and FoPtBr6 a mono-exponential decay. In the latter case the population density of higher excited states relaxes so fast that emission occurs primarily from the lowest excited Γ3(3T1g) level. Phase transitions and emission from chromophores on different sites can also be observed.
Dihydronaphthalenone Carboxylates - Spectral Characteristics and Structure
Authors: Bakalova Sn. , Georgieva A. , Nikolov P. , Stanoeva E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The absorption and luminescence characteristics of a group of newly synthesized methyl esters of 2-alkyl (p-substituted-aryl) -aminomethylene-3,4-dihydro-1(2 H)-naphthalenone-4-carboxylic acids have been investigated. The studied compounds may exist in three tautomeric forms. On the basis of comparison of their electronic spectra to those of similar substances, the observed substituent effect on the position of the UV-VIS absorption bands, the IR spectra and the results of PPP-SCF-CI quantum-chemical calculations it is concluded that the keto tautomer predominates in solution.
Notiz: Report on the Generalized Tanh Method Extended to a Variable-Coefficient Korteweg-de Vries Equation
Authors: Tian Bo , Gao Yi-Tian 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We briefly report that the generalized tanh method can be extended from the situation with coefficient constants to that with coefficient functions. Soliton-typed solutions for a vari-able-coefficient Korteweg-de Vries equation are thus found. Similar work can be done for the generalized variable-coefficient Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations.
On Some Aspects of an Hg Based EPR Experiment
Authors: Walther Thomas , Fry Edward S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An experimental realization of Bohm's spin-1/2 EPR gedanken-experiment is possible using the spin-1/2 nuclei of the isotope 199 Hg. The dissociation of dimers of the 199 Hg 2 isotopomer, using a spectroscopically selective stimulated Raman process, leads to the generation of an entangled state between the two 199 Hg atoms. The measurement of nuclear spin correlations between the two atoms in this entangled state is achieved by detection of the atoms using a spin state selective two photon excitation-ionization scheme. The experiment will not only close the detector efficiency loophole, but in addition will permit enforcement of the locality condition. Effects of imperfect analyzers will also be discussed.
Fuzzy Transitions from Quantum to Classical Mechanics and New Phenomena of Mesoscopic Objects
Authors: Hsu J. P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A new "phase invariant" equation of motion for both microscopic and macroscopic objects is proposed. It reduces to the probabilistic wave equation for small masses and the deterministic classical equation for large masses. The motions of mesoscopic objects and fuzzy transitions between quantum and classical mechanics are discussed on the basis of the generalized equation. Experimental tests of new predictions are discussed.
Measurement of a Weak Value
Authors: Hulet R. G. , Ritchie N. W. M. , Story J. G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
"Weak measurements" are measurements in which the coupling between the measuring device and the observable to be measured is so weak that the eigenvalues of the observable are not resolved. Under certain circumstances the corresponding eigenfunctions can be made to interfere, producing a measurement result which is outside the allowed range of the observable's eigenvalues. We present the first measurement of this so-called "weak value" using an optical experiment. In our experiment, the small displacement between the two orthogonally polarized components of a laser beam passed through a birefringence crystal is measured. We use a numerical simulation to show that this phenomenon may be practical for detecting and amplifying small effects.
Predicting Two Dimensional Hamiltonian Chaos
Authors: Pattanayak Arjendu K. , Schieve William C. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We use geometrical analysis to show that the Toda-Brumer-Duff criterion for transition to chaos is a simple application of Jacobi's equation. Further, we propose a new criterion for this transition for two-dimensional hamiltonian systems and summarize the results.
A Principal of Linear Covariance for Quantum Mechanics and Its Consequences Taking one Beyond Symmetry
Authors: Sinanoğlu Oktay 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A Principle of Linear Covariance is stated which follows from the "superposition principle" of quantum mechanics. Accordingly, quantum mechanical equations should be written in linearly covariant form which makes them look the same under non-unitary as well as unitary transformations. The principle leads to a non-unitary classification of all molecules (and clusters and solids) into distinct equivalence classes giving hitherto unknown relations between isomeric molecules. One also gets kinetic and thermic selection rules for chemical reactions. All these are independent of, and far more general than any unitary or point group symmetries. The invariants found for each class of molecules or clusters allow qualitative electronic deductions and are more generally applicable than symmetry based quantum numbers.
Coherent States and Coordinate-Free Quantization
Authors: Klauder J. R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The usual quantization procedures interpret canonical transformations in an active way linking them with unitary transformations, while the quantization procedure offered by coherent states completely separates classical canonical transformations and unitary operator transformations. By exploiting this property, along with a physically motivated shadow metric, it is seen how to realize the quantization process in as coordinate-free a form as holds in classical mechanics.
W-Algebras
Authors: 'Raifeartaigh L. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
W-algebras are defined as polynomial extensions of the Virasoro algebra by primary fields, and they occur in a natural manner in the context of two-dimensional integrable systems, notably in the KdV and Toda systems. Their occurrence in those theories can be traced to their being the residual symmetry algebras when certain first-class constraints are placed on Kac-Moody algebras. In particular, their occurrence in 2-dimensional Toda theories is explained by the fact that the Toda theories can be regarded as constrained Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) theories. The general form of such first-class constraint for WZNW theories is investigated, and is shown to lead to a wider class of two-dimensional integrable systems, all of which have W-algebras as symmetry algebras.
Gravitation Theory in Path Space
Authors: Teitelboim Claudio 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A formulation of gravitation theory originally proposed by Mandelstam is re-examined. The idea is to avoid the use of coordinates while staying in the continuum. This is accomplished by regarding a point as the end of a path. The theory is then formulated in the space of all paths. The analysis relies on the properties of path deformations. These deformations play the role of gauge transformations in path space. Their algebra is established. It closes if and only if the defining conditions of a riemannian geometry hold (Bianchi identity and vanishing of the antisymmetric part of the Riemann tensor in three of its indices). Two problems faced by Mandelstam are solved: (i) An explicit formula is given which establishes when two neighboring paths end at the same point, (ii) An action principle is given, in terms of a functional integral over path space. It is also indicated how to reconstruct the metric from the curvature through gauge fixing in path space. Brief comments are offered on the possibility of developing an invariant description of loops regarded as boundaries of two-dimensional surfaces.
A Conformal Field Theory of Extrinsic Geometry of 2-d Surfaces
Authors: Viswanathan K.S. , Parthasarathy R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In the description of the extrinsic geometry of the string world sheet regarded as a conformal immersion of a 2-d surface in R3 it was previously shown that, restricting to surfaces with h √ g = 1, where h is the mean scalar curvature and g is the determinant of the induced metric on the surface, leads to Virasaro symmetry. An explicit form of the effective action on such surfaces is constructed in this article, which is the extrinsic curvature analog of the WZNW action. This action turns our to be the gauge invariant combination of the actions encountered in 2-d intrinsic gravity theory in light-cone gauge and the geometric action appearing in the quantization of the Virasaro group. This action, besides exhibiting Virasaro symmetry in z-sector, has SL (2, C) conserved currents in the z̅-sector. This allows us to quantize this theory in the z̅-sector along the lines of the WZNW model. The quantum theory on h √ g = 1 surfaces in R3 is shown to be in the same universality class as the intrinsic 2-d gravity theory.
Energy Gain, Stability, and Bunching in Gas-Loaded Hermite-Gaussian Laser Linac
Authors: Bochove E. J. , Moore G. T. , Scully M. O. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Gas-loaded Hermite-Gaussian laser linacs yield greater gain and interaction lengths then vacuum linacs, however, optical beam and drift tube damage are not adequately alleviated in uniformly loaded devices. These problems can be resolved if the loading is graded so as to accommodate the phase velocity variation of the laser beam.
Squeezing of Light within the Framework of Population Theoretic Approach
Authors: Srinivasan S. K. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A multiphase approach for the population model of photons is proposed and it is shown that number squeezed coherent light as well as thermal light can be accomodated. It is also shown that the multiphase approach is a very natural way of describing non-Markov nature of the evolution of the density matrix.
Laser-Phase-Noise-Induced Stochastic-Resonance Fluorescence
Authors: Su Chang , Rangwala A.A. , Wódkiewicz K. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Stochastic fluctuations of coherent and incoherent components of the resonance fluorescence intensity induced by Wiener-Levy laser phase noise are investigated. Statistical properties of the atomic dipole moment and stochastic Mollow spectra of atomic dipole fluctuations for different values of the laser linewidth and Rabi frequency are calculated. It is shown that these spectra exhibit a triplet structure which is purely classical and entirely laser-noise dependent.
High Resolution Subwavelength Inspection Method for Measuring the Uniformity of Conducting Films
Authors: Torti Russell G. , Couchman James C. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A microwave adapter was fitted to a wax filled reducing wedge in order to transmit 8-12 GHz microwaves through a sub-wavelength rectangular opening. The configuration produced a 70 dB dynamic range and was found suitable for high resolution inspection of 1 to 10,000 ohm per square conducting films. Network analyzer measurements on 12 conducting films that were reported to be 5 to 1500 ohms per square are compared to the reported values and reconciled with electromagnetic theory.
Relativistic Hamiltonian Model for Higgs Resonance
Authors: Chiu Charles B. , Sudarshan E . C . G . , Bhamathi G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We construct a relativistic Hamiltonian model for Higgs resonance. Resonance trajectories are studied as a function of the parameters of the model. The possibility of a narrow width Higgs resonance in 1 TeV region cannot be ruled out from general considerations. Our model may serve as a phenomenological guide in the search for Higgs resonance.
Production of Tauonic Uranium in e+ -e- Machines
Authors: Morley P. D. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
I discuss the production of tauonic uranium in e+ -e- machines. A suggested experimental arrangement is given which allows for future machine improvement. To obtain the energy levels to within 1% accuracy, the Dirac equation is solved using a radial uranium charge distribution. Finally, weak t capture P + τ ￫ N + υτ in uranium is calculated.
SU (2/1) as a Chiral Supersymmetry
Authors: Ne'eman Yuval 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Weinberg-Salam model is embedded in SU (2/1), thereby considerably reducing the arbitrariness in SU(2) and U(1) assignments for leptons and quarks. The grading of the matter fields corresponds to their chirality. The action of the odd generators of a superalgebra usually involves a change in the statistics of the states, in the representation carrier-space. We explain the interplay between chiralities and statistics.
A Brief Introduction to the Strong CP Problem
Authors: Wu Dan-di 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The present status of the strong CP problem is briefly reviewed in a heuristic way. A crisis in EDMN calculation is explained. The equation of vacuum alignment obtained by the author and collaborators last year put a constraint on strong CP parameters. Thus the strong CP will be forced to vanish in one of the three scenarios characterized respectively by axion, zero quark mass and vanishing quark condensate.
PVT Measurements on 4-n-Pentyl-4´-Cyano-Biphenyl (5CB) and trans-4-(4´-Octyl-Cyclohexyl)-Benzonitrile (8PCH) up to 300 MPa
Authors: Sandmann M. , Hamann F. , Würflinger A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Specific volumes are presented for 4-n-pentyl-4´-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and trans-4-(4´-octyl-cyclo-hexyl)-benzonitrile (8PCH) for temperatures between 300 and 370 K up to 300 MPa. The p,Vm ,T data were determined for the liquid crystalline and isotropic phases, and partly also for the solid phase adjacent to the melting curve. Stable and metastable crystal phases can be distinguished. The density and melting temperature of the metastable form are lower than for the stable one. Volume and enthalpy changes accompanying the phase transitions are reported as well. The p,Vm ,T data allow to calculate the entropy change for a hypothetical transition at constant volume. The molar volumes along the nematic-isotropic phase transition TNI (p) allow to determine the molecular field parameter γ = ∂In TNI /∂ In VNI.
Second Virial Coefficients and Transport Properties of Hexafluoride Gases from an Improved Intermolecular Potential
Authors: Coroiu Ilioara , Demco D. E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Second virial coefficients and a large number of Chapman-Cowling collision integrals were calculated for gases obeying an improved intermolecular potential proposed by Aziz et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 94, 1034 (1991)]. The results are tabulated for a large reduced temperature range, kT/ε from 0.1 to 100. The treatment was entirely classical, and no corrections for quantum effects were made. The higher approximations to the transport coefficients were also calculated and tabulated for the same temperature range. These results should be applicable to characterize the bulk properties of various spherical molecules, especially to predict gaseous transport properties. Evaluation of the potential parameters for uranium hexafluoride, together with fitting to second virial coefficient, viscosity, thermal conductivity and self-diffusion data are also presented. This potential appears to have the best overall predictive ability for gaseous hexafluoride data.
Proton Spin-lattice Relaxation in Amorphous States of Organic Molecular Solids
Authors: Myaing M. T. , Šekarić L. , Beckmann P. A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We have measured the temperature dependence of the proton spin-lattice relaxation rate R at 8.50 and 22.5 MHz in solid 1,3,5-tri-ethyl-benzene and solid 1,2,4-tri-ethyl-benzene. Analysis of the data strongly suggests that we are studying amorphous states in these slowly solidified organic solids (that are liquids at room temperature). The ethyl groups are static on the Larmor frequency time-scale. There are no simple-model interpretations of the data, but a reasonable model for the dominantly-occurring amorphous state data observed with 1,3,5-tri-ethyl-benzene suggests that two of the three methyl groups are reorienting and the third is static on the proton Larmor frequency time scale. The same approach for the two amorphous states observed in 1,2,4-tri-ethyl-benzene suggests that all three methyl groups are reorienting in one state and that three of the six methyl groups in each pair of molecules are turned off in a second state. We discuss that, whereas specific dynamical statements are model dependent, the proton spin relaxation technique does make some general qualitative statements about the mesostructure of the solid.