bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroradiological, genetic and clinical characteristics of histone H3 K27-mutant diffuse midline gliomas in the Kansai Molecular Diagnosis Network for CNS Tumors (Kansai Network): multicenter retrospective cohort
Authors: Hayashi Nobuhide , Fukai Junya , Nakatogawa Hirokazu , Kawaji Hiroshi , Yoshioka Ema , Kodama Yoshinori , Nakajo Kosuke , Uda Takehiro , Naito Kentaro , Kijima Noriyuki , Okita Yoshiko , Kagawa Naoki , Takahashi Yoshinobu , Hashimoto Naoya , Arita Hideyuki , Takano Koji , Sakamoto Daisuke , Iida Tomoko , Arakawa Yoshiki , Kawauchi Takeshi , Sonoda Yukihiko , Mitobe Yuta , Ishibashi Kenichi , Matsuda Masahide , Achiha Takamune , Tomita Takahiro , Nonaka Masahiro , Hara Keijiro , Takebe Noriyoshi , Tsuzuki Takashi , Nakajima Yoshikazu , Ohue Shiro , Nakajima Nobuyuki , Watanabe Akira , Inoue Akihiro , Umegaki Masao , Kanematsu Daisuke , Katsuma Asako , Sumida Miho , Shofuda Tomoko , Mano Masayuki , Kinoshita Manabu , Mori Kanji , Nakao Naoyuki , Kanemura Yonehiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to elucidate the clinical and molecular characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with histone H3 K27-mutant diffuse midline glioma. We retrospectively analyzed 93 patients with diffuse midline glioma (47 thalamus, 24 brainstem, 12 spinal cord and 10 other midline locations) treated at 24 affiliated hospitals in the Kansai Molecular Diagnosis Network for CNS Tumors. Considering the term “midline” areas, which had been confused in previous reports, we classified four midline locations based on previous reports and anatomical findings. Clinical and molecular characteristics of the study cohort included: age 4–78 years, female sex (41%), lower-grade histology (56%), preoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores ≥ 80 (49%), resection (36%), adjuvant radiation plus chemotherapy (83%), temozolomide therapy (76%), bevacizumab therapy (42%), HIST1H3B p.K27M mutation (2%), TERT promoter mutation (3%), MGMT promoter methylation (9%), BRAF p.V600E mutation (1%), FGFR1 mutation (14%) and EGFR mutation (3%). Median progression-free and overall survival time was 9.9 ± 1.0 (7.9–11.9, 95% CI) and 16.6 ± 1.4 (13.9–19.3, 95% CI) months, respectively. Female sex, preoperative KPS score ≥ 80, adjuvant radiation + temozolomide and radiation ≥ 50 Gy were associated with favorable prognosis. Female sex and preoperative KPS score ≥ 80 were identified as independent good prognostic factors. This study demonstrated the current state of clinical practice for patients with diffuse midline glioma and molecular analyses of diffuse midline glioma in real-world settings. Further investigation in a larger population would contribute to better understanding of the pathology of diffuse midline glioma.
Energy recovery from syngas and pyrolysis wastewaters with anaerobic mixed cultures
Authors: Robazza Alberto , Neumann Anke 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe anaerobic digestion of aqueous condensate from fast pyrolysis is a promising technology for enhancing carbon and energy recovery from waste. Syngas, another pyrolysis product, could be integrated as a co-substrate to improve process efficiency. However, limited knowledge exists on the co-fermentation of pyrolysis syngas and aqueous condensate by anaerobic cultures and the effects of substrate toxicity. This work investigates the ability of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic mixed cultures to co-ferment syngas and the aqueous condensate from either sewage sludge or polyethylene plastics pyrolysis in semi-batch bottle fermentations. It identifies inhibitory concentrations for carboxydotrophic and methanogenic reactions, examines specific component removal and assesses energy recovery potential. The results show successful co-fermentation of syngas and aqueous condensate components like phenols and N-heterocycles. However, the characteristics and load of the aqueous condensates affected process performance and product formation. The toxicity, likely resulting from the synergistic effect of multiple toxicants, depended on the PACs’ composition. At 37 °C, concentrations of 15.6 gCOD/gVSS and 7.8 gCOD/gVSS of sewage sludge-derived aqueous condensate inhibited by 50% carboxydotrophic and methanogenic activity, respectively. At 55 °C, loads between 3.9 and 6.8 gCOD/gVSS inhibited by 50% both reactions. Polyethylene plastics condensate showed higher toxicity, with 2.8 gCOD/gVSS and 0.3 gCOD/gVSS at 37 °C decreasing carboxydotrophic and methanogenic rates by 50%. At 55 °C, 0.3 gCOD/gVSS inhibited by 50% CO uptake rates and methanogenesis. Increasing PAC loads reduced methane production and promoted short-chain carboxylates formation. The recalcitrant components in sewage sludge condensate hindered e-mol recovery, while plastics condensate showed high e-mol recoveries despite the stronger toxicity. Even with challenges posed by substrate toxicity and composition variations, the successful conversion of syngas and aqueous condensates highlights the potential of this technology in advancing carbon and energy recovery from anthropogenic waste streams.
Graphical Abstract
PROMRIINE (PRe-operatory Magnetic Resonance Imaging is INEffective) Study: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Impact of Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Surgical Decisions and Clinical Outcomes in Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Mattar André , Antonini Marcelo , Amorim Andressa , Mateus Evandro Falaci , Bagnoli Fabio , Cavalcante Francisco Pimentel , Novita Guilherme , Mori Lincon Jo , Madeira Marcelo , Diógenes Marina , Frasson Antônio Luiz , Millen Eduardo de Camargo , Brenelli Fabrício Palermo , Okumura Lucas Miyake , Zerwes Felipe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to review and summarize the association between preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical outcomes in women with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer from published randomized controlled trials (RCT).

Materials and Methods
Two independent researchers conducted a systematic review through a comprehensive search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. If there was disagreement between the two reviewers, a third reviewer assessed the manuscript to determine whether it should be included for data extraction. The quality of the papers was assessed using the risk of bias tool, and the evidence was analyzed using GRADE. Meta-analyses using a fixed-effects model were used to estimate the pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
Initially, 21 studies were identified, 15 of which were observational comparative studies. A total of five RCTs were included, and they suggested that preoperative MRI significantly reduced the rate of immediate breast-conserving surgery and increased the risk for mastectomy.

Conclusions
From the RCT perspective, preoperative MRI for newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer did not improve surgical outcomes and may increase the risk of mastectomy.
Combined Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Induction for Screening of Patients with Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma for Subsequent Local Treatment: A New Treatment Paradigm
Authors: Dai Liang , Wu Ya-Ya , Sun Yan , Yu Rong , Yan Wan-Pu , Yang Yong-Bo , Cheng Hong , Gao Yi-Mei , Zhang Bin , Chen Ke-Neng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Definitive chemoradiotherapy is recommended as the primary treatment for cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC). However, local control rates remain unsatisfactory for some patients. Therefore, in this study, we introduced a new treatment paradigm for individuals with CEC, customizing the choice between subsequent local treatments based on their response to induction chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Patients and Methods
Induction treatment comprised two to four cycles of chemotherapy combined with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors. Patients achieving complete response (CR) or near CR after induction treatment underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT), while those not achieving CR or near CR underwent surgical resection.

Results
Among the 40 eligible patients, 14 (35.0%) achieved a CR or near CR after induction treatment. Of the ten patients achieving a CR or near CR, one developed an esophageal fistula after dCRT (10.0%). Among the eight non-CR or non-near CR patients receiving chemoradiotherapy, six developed esophageal fistula (75.0%). Among the 26 patients who did not achieve CR or near CR after induction treatment, the 1-year cancer specific survival (CSS) rates were 93.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.815–1%] for the 18 patients in the surgery group, and 71.4% (95% CI 0.447–1%) for the 8 patients in the chemoradiotherapy group (p = 0.027). The overall laryngeal preservation rate was 85.0% (34/40), with a functional laryngeal preservation rate of 77.5% (31/40).

Conclusion
The approach consisting of combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy successfully identified patients who were responding well to induction treatment and who were sensitive to radiotherapy, for chemoradiotherapy; thus, improving laryngeal preservation rates. In addition, it also identified patients with poor responses to induction treatment and radiotherapy, for timely surgery; hence, reducing radiotherapy complications and enhancing survival.
Interval Metastases After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: A Multicenter Observational Cohort Study
Authors: van der Zijden Charlène J. , van der Sluis Pieter C. , Mostert Bianca , Nuyttens Joost J. M. E. , van Lanschot J. Jan B. , Spaander Manon C. W. , Valkema Roelf , Coene Peter Paul L. O. , Dekker Jan Willem T. , Fiets Willem E. , Hartgrink Hendrik H. , Hazen Wouter L. , Kouwenhoven Ewout A. , Nieuwenhuijzen Grard A. P. , Rosman Camiel , van Sandick Johanna W. , Sosef Meindert N. , van der Zaag Edwin S. , Lagarde Sjoerd M. , Wijnhoven Bas P. L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite trimodality treatment, 10% to 20% of patients with esophageal cancer experience interval metastases after surgery. Restaging may identify patients who should not proceed to surgery, as well as a subgroup with limited metastases for whom long-term disease-control can be obtained. This study aimed to determine the proportion of patients with interval metastases after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and to evaluate treatment and survival.

Methods
Patients who had cT2-4aN0-3M0 esophageal cancer treated with nCRT were identified from a trial database. Metastases detected up to 14 weeks after nCRT on 18F-FDG-PET/CT or during surgery were categorized as oligometastases (≤3 lesions located in one single organ or one extra-regional lymph node station) or as non-oligometastases. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with metastases after nCRT. The secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and the site and treatment of metastases.

Results
Between 2013 and 2021, 973 patients received nCRT, and 10.3% had interval metastases. Of 100 patients, 30 (30%) had oligometastases, located mostly in non-regional lymph nodes (33.3%) or bones (26.7%). The median OS of this group was 13.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.2–27.1 months). Of 30 patients, 12 (40%) with oligometastases underwent potentially curative treatment, with a median OS of 22.8 months (95% CI 10.4–NA). The patients with non-oligometastases underwent mostly systemic therapy or BSC and had a median OS of 9 months (95% CI 7.4–10.9 months).

Conclusions
Interval metastases were detected in about 10% of patients after nCRT, underscoring the importance of re-staging with 18F-FDG-PET/CT for those who proceed to surgery. A favorable survival might be accomplished for a subgroup of patients with oligometastases.
What role do environmental factors play in the development of neurodegenerative diseases? A narrative review
Authors: Kuszneruk Julia , Chawrylak Katarzyna , Kłusek Magdalena , Kubas Maria , Krzemińska Katarzyna 
Published: July 2024

Introduction and purposes: Degenerative diseases of the nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Environmental influences are significant contributors to the development of these conditions. The primary objective of this research was to examine key environmental factors that are suspected of their impact on the development of diseases, specifically lifestyle, medical conditions, diet and exposure to environmental pollution.

Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. The search employed terms such as 'Alzheimer's disease,' 'Parkinson disease,' 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,' 'environment,' 'pollution,' 'diet,' 'traumatic brain injury,' 'alcohol,' 'obesity,' 'lifestyle factors'. The search included articles published from 2014 to 2024.

Results: Among environmental factors with regard to lifestyle choices, a healthy diet has a protective effect against these diseases, while alcohol consumption was not clearly categorised as harmful or protective. Among past illnesses, an increase in AD, PD after head injury was confirmed, but more research is required as to the impact on ALS incidence. Lipid metabolism disorders affect ALS morbidity, for the AD and PD, studies do not reach consensus. Similarly, with regard to body weight, studies do not clearly indicate whether it is relevant. On the contrary, when it comes to pollution, a lot of studies showed a correlation.

Conclusion: In summary, research studies varied in size and quality, so caution must be exercised in drawing conclusions. This review suggests that there is a relationship with the environment, and future research may focus on exploring these connections.
Neuroblastom i Wilmsov tumor - standard liječenja
Authors: Stepan Giljević Jasminka 
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the basic characteristics and standard of treatment for neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor. The age at which these tumors appear is related to an earlier age. Neuroblastoma occurs slightly more often in boys, while nephroblastoma occurs slightlymore often in girls. The localization and stage of the disease define the clinical presentation. Neuroblastoma occurs more often as a metastatic disease with the possibility of developing a paraneoplastic syndrome, while Wilms tumor occurs more often as a localized disease. After the initial diagnosis, which determines the stage and risk of the disease, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is started. After the reevaluation, an operation follows, followed by postoperative chemotherapy. Nephrectomy is still used in the operative treatment of unilateral Wilms tumor. The residual kidney tissue is preserved in the bilateral Wilms tumor and an individual approach is implemented. Low-risk neuroblastoma can be treated with observation, chemotherapy, and surgery. Megatherapy and autolo-gous stem cell transplantation are used in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma, followed later by immunotherapy and retinoid therapy. Radiotherapy is used in advanced stages of Wilms tumor and in high-risk neuroblastoma. The use of the radioactive isotope meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is also possible in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Rapid diagnosis and intensity of treatment defined by the risk of tumor disease with the use of appropriate supportive therapy are the basis of care for neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor.
Uloga kirurgije u liječenju solidnih tumora dječje dobi
Authors: Keretić Dorotea , Car Andrija , Mesić Marko , Kralj Rok , Petračić Ivan , Miljanović Vrđuka Veronika , Višnjić Stjepan 
Published: July 2024

Objective: The objective of this paper is to present the spectrum of surgical procedures that we perform for the purpose of treating oncological patients and the role of surgeons in oncological treatment.Methods: The PubMed medical database was searched with reference to the basic literature in pediatric surgery.Results: By searching and excluding, 18 recent works were considered along with 2 pediatric surgery books on the topic of surgical treatment of solid tumors in childhood. There were no exclusion parameters.Conclusion: The role of surgery in pediatric oncology during the 20th century changed it is position starting from the first and only option for small patients to it is place in the worldwide accepted treatment protocols. The surgical techniques we use in the diagno-sis and treatment of childhood tumors continuously evolve according to a specific type of tumor. Methods that were also previously acceptable are now becoming more and more meticulous to preserve the patient’s quality of life and fertility. Surgical techniques include tumor biopsy methods, surgery of tumor`s primary site (extirpation of tumors, resection of organs or organ systems), staging of tumors according to anatomic extension, operations for disease relapse and metastases, and palliative and supportive procedures. The role of surgery in the prophylaxis of oncological disease is also well defined for various predisposing syndromes and diseases. The most important aspect of surgical oncological treatment is strict adherence to and familiarity with the protocol for a certain type of tumor, as well as a multidisciplinary and individual approach to the pediatric oncologic patient.
Metode nuklearne medicine u dijagnostici i lije?enju neuroblastoma visokog rizika ? prikaz slu?aja
Authors: Gladić Nenadić Vedrana , Rajacic Nada 
Published: July 2024

Neuroblastoma is childhood’s most common extracranial solid tumor, with a broad spectrum of biological conduct. The high-risk disease encompasses a significant portion of childhood cancer mortality. Nuclear medicine methods, including disease risk categorization, are essential in the diagnostic process. However, nuclear medicine has its place as a segment of the multidisciplinary treatment of high-risk diseases, too. In this article, a patient diagnosed with high-risk neuroblastoma due to age and metastases is presented, with an accent on the role of nuclear medicine and a multidisciplinary approach in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
ODREĐIVANJE PROGNOSTIČKOG RIZIKA TUMORSKE BOLESTI KOD DJECE SA SOLIDNIM TUMORIMA
Authors: Jakovljević Gordana 
Published: July 2024

Ista tumorska bolest kod različitih bolesnika može imati različitu prognozu, odnosno dužinu preživljenja. S ciljem individualizacije terapije i poboljšanja liječenja pedijatrijskih malignih tumora, intenzitet i vrsta liječenja iste tumorske bolesti kod razičitih bolesnika mo?e biti različita. Razlike u liječenju određene su stupnjem rizika, odnosno prognostičkim čimbenicima rizika. Prognostički čimbenici rizika utječu na ishod liječenja i preživljenje.
Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Presenting as Palpable Breast Masses
Authors: Swied Muhammed Yaman , Al Turk Yahia , Maitar Michael 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Appendiceal tumors are rare and are most commonly diagnosed incidentally during surgical removal of the appendix for acute appendicitis. Appendiceal adenocarcinomas are the most common appendiceal cancers, and their metastasis to the breast is extremely uncommon. We report a case of mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma presenting with breast metastasis. To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one case published in the literature about appendiceal cancer with metastasis to the breast. Interestingly, our patient's initial presentation was palpable breast masses rather than gastrointestinal symptoms.
Crohn's Disease–Associated Granulomatous Pancreatitis With Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
Authors: Xu Anthony A. , Vincent Sara , Ma Samuel , Catania Vanessa , Zarrin-Khameh Neda 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease occur commonly and can lead to considerable morbidity. Pancreatic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease have been reported to be more common in Crohn's disease (CD) than ulcerative colitis. We report a case of granulomatous inflammation in the body of the pancreas with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, which prompted a diagnosis switch from ulcerative colitis to CD. This is of interest to readers to remind them that pancreatic manifestations can occur and are more common in CD.
Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease With Thrombocytopenia, Anasarca, Fever, Reticulin Fibrosis/Renal Insufficiency, and Organomegaly (TAFRO) Syndrome in a Liver Transplant Recipient
Authors: Mashal Fares A. , Awad Joseph A. , Tillman Benjamin F. , Mosse Claudio A. , Thandassery Ragesh B. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that can be potentially fatal without timely diagnosis and treatment. We describe the first-ever reported occurrence of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis/renal insufficiency, and organomegaly syndrome in a liver transplant recipient. The diagnosis was challenging as the clinical presentation closely mimicked decompensated cirrhosis, and the profound thrombocytopenia limited tissue diagnosis. However, we were able to establish the diagnosis and treat it effectively. This case report signifies that a high index of suspicion and aggressive treatment can be lifesaving in liver transplant recipients presenting with this rare disorder.
Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Yadav Ajay Kumar , Shrestha Milan , Rajbhandari Sabin , Kafle Roshan , Shrestha Swarup , Khadka Dibas , Poudel Saugat , Paudel Mukesh 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/PNET) is a type of malignancy that usually appears as a tumor in the bone. However, in a few patients with ES/PNET, it can occur outside of the bone. Although extraosseous ES/PNET can appear in various parts of the body, involvement of small bowel is rare. If it does, it can present with vague abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding. This case report presents a 28-year-old gentleman with extraosseous ES/PNET in the duodenum who experienced gastrointestinal bleeding as a presenting symptom.
Endoscopic Deployment of Cardiac Septal Occluder Device to Close an Enterovaginal Fistula
Authors: Edelson Scott F.D. , Edelson Cyrus V. , Jones Jacob , Quiles John G. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Enterovaginal fistulas (EF) are a rare, pathologic connection between the small bowel and vagina. EF commonly present with abnormal passage of stool, flatus, and purulence through the vaginal orifice, leading to increased risk of severe infections, and cause extreme discomfort for patients. A 70-year-old woman with a history of urothelial carcinoma was treated surgically, resulting in a persistent symptomatic EF. Her course was complicated by multiple failed surgical attempts to fistula closure. Ultimately, she was deemed a poor surgical candidate. Gastroenterology successfully closed her fistula using a cardiac occluder device. This case highlights an innovative solution to treat patients with refractory fistulas.