bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wild Milnor attractors accumulated by lower-dimensional dynamics
Authors: POTRIE RAFAEL 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe present new examples of open sets of diffeomorphisms such that generic diffeomorphisms in those sets have no dynamically indecomposable attractors in the topological sense and have infinitely many chain-recurrence classes. We show that all other classes except one are contained in periodic surfaces. This study allows us to obtain the existence of Milnor attractors as well as study ergodic properties of the diffeomorphisms in those open sets by using ideas and results from Bonatti and Viana [SRB measures for partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms whose central direction is mostly contracting. Israel J. Math.115 (2000), 157–193] and Buzzi and Fisher [Entropic stability beyond partial hyperbolicity. Preprint, 2011, arXiv:1103:2707].
A subgroup formula for f-invariant entropy
Authors: SEWARD BRANDON 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe study a measure entropy for finitely generated free group actions called f-invariant entropy. The f-invariant entropy was developed by L. Bowen and is essentially a special case of his measure entropy theory for actions of sofic groups. In this paper we relate the f-invariant entropy of a finitely generated free group action to the f-invariant entropy of the restricted action of a subgroup. We show that the ratio of these entropies equals the index of the subgroup. This generalizes a well-known formula for the Kolmogorov–Sinai entropy of amenable group actions. We then extend the definition of f-invariant entropy to actions of finitely generated virtually free groups. We also obtain a numerical virtual measure conjugacy invariant for actions of finitely generated virtually free groups.
The metric entropy of random dynamical systems in a Banach space: Ruelle inequality
Authors: LI ZHIMING , SHU LIN 
Published: November 2012

AbstractConsider a random cocycle Φ on a separable infinite-dimensional Banach space preserving a probability measure, which is supported on a random compact set. We show that if Φ satisfies some mild integrability conditions on the differentials, then Ruelle’s inequality relating entropy and positive Lyapunov exponents holds.
The entropy of a special overlapping dynamical system
Authors: BARNSLEY MICHAEL , HARDING BRENDAN , VINCE ANDREW 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe term special overlapping refers to a certain simple type of piecewise continuous function from the unit interval to itself and also to a simple type of iterated function system (IFS) on the unit interval. A correspondence between these two classes of objects is used (1) to find a necessary and sufficient condition for a fractal transformation from the attractor of one special overlapping IFS to the attractor of another special overlapping IFS to be a homeomorphism and (2) to find a formula for the topological entropy of the dynamical system associated with a special overlapping function.
ODD MULTIPERFECT NUMBERS
Authors: CHEN SHI-CHAO , LUO HAO 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA natural number$n$is called multiperfect or$k$-perfect for integer$k\ge 2$if$\sigma (n)=kn$, where$\sigma (n)$is the sum of the positive divisors of$n$. In this paper, we establish a theorem on odd multiperfect numbers analogous to Euler’s theorem on odd perfect numbers. We describe the divisibility of the Euler part of odd multiperfect numbers and characterise the forms of odd perfect numbers$n=\pi ^\alpha M^2$such that$\pi \equiv \alpha ~({\rm mod}~8)$, where$\pi ^\alpha $is the Euler factor of$n$. We also present some examples to show the nonexistence of odd perfect numbers of certain forms.
Calcium, magnesium and potassium intake and mortality in women with heart failure: the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Levitan Emily B. , Shikany James M. , Ahmed Ali , Snetselaar Linda G. , Martin Lisa W. , Curb J. David , Lewis Cora E. 
Published: November 2012

Although diet is thought to affect the natural history of heart failure (HF), nutrient intake in HF patients has not been well studied. Based on prior research linking high intake of Ca, Mg and K to improved cardiovascular health, we hypothesised that these nutrients would be inversely associated with mortality in people with HF. Of the 161 808 participants in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), we studied 3340 who experienced a HF hospitalisation. These participants were followed for post-hospitalisation all-cause mortality. Intake was assessed using questionnaires on food and supplement intake. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographics, physical function, co-morbidities and dietary covariates. Over a median of 4·6 years of follow-up, 1433 (42·9 %) of the women died. HR across quartiles of dietary Ca intake were 1·00 (referent), 0·86 (95 % CI 0·73, 1·00), 0·88 (95 % CI 0·75, 1·04) and 0·92 (95 % CI 0·76, 1·11) (P for trend = 0·63). Corresponding HR were 1·00 (referent), 0·86 (95 % CI 0·71, 1·04), 0·88 (95 % CI 0·69, 1·11) and 0·84 (95 % CI 0·63, 1·12) (P for trend = 0·29), across quartiles of dietary Mg intake, and 1·00 (referent), 1·20 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·43), 1·06 (95 % CI 0·86, 1·32) and 1·16 (95 % CI 0·90, 1·51) (P for trend = 0·35), across quartiles of dietary K intake. Results were similar when total (dietary plus supplemental) nutrient intakes were examined. In summary, among WHI participants with incident HF hospitalisation, intakes of Ca, Mg and K were not significantly associated with subsequent mortality.
Histological examination of non-lactating bovine udders inoculated with Lactobacillus perolens CRL 1724
Authors: Frola Ignacio D , Pellegrino Matías S , Magnano Gabriel , Giraudo José A , Espeche María C , Nader-Macias María EF , Bogni Cristina I 
Published: November 2012

The effect of intramammary inoculation of Lactobacillus perolens CRL 1724 on bovine udders at drying off was evaluated through histological examination of the canal and cistern tissues. The persistence of the strain in the udder 7 d post inoculation was also determined. Lb. perolens CRL 1724 was recovered from all mammary quarters and no clinical signs or teat damage were observed after inoculation of 106 cfu/ml. The udders showed a normal structural aspect and there were no modifications of the milk appearance. Lb. perolens CRL 1724 cells were evidenced on the surface of the epithelial cells of the cistern without causing any morphological modifications or cell alterations. Lb. perolens CRL 1724 produces a mild inflammatory reaction, characterized by recruitment of neutrophils to the epithelial zone and a slight hyperaemia into blood vessels. This preliminary study provides important information for further studies directed towards the inclusion of Lb. perolens CRL 1724 in the design of probiotic products for preventing bovine mastitis in non-lactating dairy cows.
Synthesis and X-ray powder diffraction data of N-benzyl-6-chloro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline
Authors: Pinilla J. A. , Henao J. A. , Macías M. A. , Romero Bohórquez Arnold R. , Kouznetsov Vladimir V. 
Published: November 2012

The N-benzyl-6-chloro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivative (chemical formula: C24H24ClNO) was obtained from cationic imino Diels–Alder reaction catalyzed by BF3.OEt2. Molecular characterization was performed by 1H and 13C NMR, Fourier transform-infrared and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern for the new compound was analyzed and found to be crystallized in an orthorhombic system with space group Fdd2 (No. 43) and refined unit-cell parameters a = 33.053(7) Å, b = 41.558(9) Å, c = 5.841(1) Å and V = 8023(2) Å3.
New counts of Adélie penguin populations at Scullin and Murray monoliths, Mac. Robertson Land, East Antarctica
Authors: Southwell Colin J. , Emmerson Louise M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractScullin and Murray monoliths are thought to hold the largest concentration of breeding seabirds in East Antarctica. The monoliths were designated as an Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA No. 164) in 2005 in recognition of the global importance of the seabird assemblages and to protect their outstanding ecological and scientific values. The management plan for the Scullin and Murray Monoliths ASPA encourages regular seabird population monitoring using methods such as aerial photography, but the complex logistics of accessing this remote site has until now limited quantitative assessment of the seabird populations to a single survey in 1986/87. In December 2010 we photographed the Adélie penguin population to provide the population counts presented here. We discuss the potential biases and uncertainties in estimating the breeding population from both the recent and 1980s population count data.
Comparison of Semantic and Episodic Memory BOLD fMRI Activation in Predicting Cognitive Decline in Older Adults
Authors: Hantke Nathan , Nielson Kristy A. , Woodard John L. , Breting Leslie M. Guidotti , Butts Alissa , Seidenberg Michael , Carson Smith J. , Durgerian Sally , Lancaster Melissa , Matthews Monica , Sugarman Michael A. , Rao Stephen M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPrevious studies suggest that task-activated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can predict future cognitive decline among healthy older adults. The present fMRI study examined the relative sensitivity of semantic memory (SM) versus episodic memory (EM) activation tasks for predicting cognitive decline. Seventy-eight cognitively intact elders underwent neuropsychological testing at entry and after an 18-month interval, with participants classified as cognitively “Stable” or “Declining” based on ≥1.0 SD decline in performance. Baseline fMRI scanning involved SM (famous name discrimination) and EM (name recognition) tasks. SM and EM fMRI activation, along with Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status, served as predictors of cognitive outcome using a logistic regression analysis. Twenty-seven (34.6%) participants were classified as Declining and 51 (65.4%) as Stable. APOE ε4 status alone significantly predicted cognitive decline (R2 = .106; C index = .642). Addition of SM activation significantly improved prediction accuracy (R2 = .285; C index = .787), whereas the addition of EM did not (R2 = .212; C index = .711). In combination with APOE status, SM task activation predicts future cognitive decline better than EM activation. These results have implications for use of fMRI in prevention clinical trials involving the identification of persons at-risk for age-associated memory loss and Alzheimer's disease. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–11)
Examining Protein Crystallization Using Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Gomery Kathryn , Humphrey Elaine C. , Herring Rodney 
Published: November 2012

AbstractElucidation of protein structure using X-ray crystallography relies on the quality of the crystal. Crystals suffer from many different types of disorder, some of which occur during crystal nucleation and early crystal growth. To date, there are few studies surrounding the quality and nucleation of protein crystals partly due to difficulties surrounding viewing biological samples at high resolution. Recent research has led our current understanding of nucleation to be a two-step mechanism involving the formation of nuclei from dense liquid clusters; it is still unclear whether nuclei first start as amorphous aggregate or as crystalline lattices. Our research examines this mechanism through the use of electron microscopy. Using scanning electron microscopy imaging of the protein crystal growth process, a stacking, spiraling manner of growth is observed. The tops of the pyramid-like tetragonal protein crystal structures measure ~0.2 μm across and contain ~125,000 lysozyme units. This noncrystalline area experiences strain due to growth of the protein crystal. Our work shows that it is possible to view detailed early stage protein crystal growth using a wet scanning electron microscopy technique, thereby overcoming the problem of viewing liquids in a vacuum.
Propranolol reduces cognitive deficits, amyloid β levels, tau phosphorylation and insulin resistance in response to chronic corticosterone administration
Authors: Dobarro Marta , Orejana Lourdes , Aguirre Norberto , Ramírez Maria J. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids might result not only in insulin resistance or cognitive deficits, but it is also considered as a risk factor for pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease. Propranolol is a β-adrenergic antagonist commonly used in the treatment of hypertension or acute anxiety. The effects of propranolol (5 mg/kg) have been tested in a model of chronic corticosterone administration (100 µg/ml, 4 wk) in drinking water. Corticosterone administration led to cognitive impairment in the novel object recognition test that was reversed by propranolol. Increased levels of Aβ in the hippocampus of corticosterone-treated mice were counteracted by propranolol treatment, purportedly through an increased IDE expression. Chronic corticosterone treatment induced responses characteristic of insulin resistance, as increased peripheral insulin levels, decreased activation of the insulin receptor (pIR) and decreased associated intracellular pathways (pAkt). These effects might be related to a decreased c-Jun N terminal kinase 1 expression. Again, propranolol was able to counteract all corticosterone-induced effects. One of the main kinases involved in tau phosphorylation, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), which is inactivated by phosphorylation by pAkt, was found to be decreased after corticosterone and increased after propranolol treatment. Concomitant changes in pTau expression were found. Overall, these data further strengthen the potential of propranolol as a therapeutic agent for pathologies associated with the interaction glucocorticoids-insulin resistance and the development of relevant cellular processes for Alzheimer's disease.
Whatever Happened to William Dawson'sNegro Folk Symphony?
Authors: BROWN GWYNNE KUHNER 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWilliam Levi Dawson (1899–1990) is remembered chiefly for his masterful choral arrangements of Negro spirituals and for his multi-decade leadership of the Tuskegee Institute Choir. In 1934, however, his career seemed to be headed in a very different direction: Leopold Stokowski programmed Dawson'sNegro Folk Symphonyon four Philadelphia Orchestra concerts that met with acclaim from critics and audiences alike. The broadcast of one of these concerts on the Columbia Broadcasting System had a particularly powerful impact on the many African Americans in the radio audience. Materials in the William Levi Dawson Collection at Emory University illuminate both the momentousness of the symphony's debut and its provocatively minor impact on the trajectory of its composer's career. This article examines the premiere of theNegro Folk Symphonyas a groundbreaking event both public and personal, offers an explanation for the symphony's startlingly rapid descent into obscurity, and argues that this effective and fascinating work merits renewed attention from conductors and scholars today.
Impact of land surface conditions on 2004 North American monsoon in GCM experiments
Authors: Feng X. , Bosilovich M. , Houser P. , Chern J.‐D. 
Published: November 2012

In this study, two sets of six‐member ensemble simulations were performed for the boreal summer of 2004 using the Finite Volume General Circulation model to investigate the sensitivity of the North American monsoon (NAM) system to land surface conditions and further to identify the mechanisms by which land surface processes control the NAM precipitation. The control simulation uses a fully interactive land surface model, whereas the sensitivity experiment uses prescribed land surface fields from the Global Land Data Assimilation System.The response of the monsoon precipitation to land surface changes varies over different regions modulated by two different soil moisture–precipitation feedbacks. The vast northern NAM region, including most of Arizona and New Mexico, as well as the northwestern Mexico shows that soil moisture has a positive feedback with precipitation primarily due to local recycling mechanisms. The reduction of soil moisture decreases latent heat flux and increases sensible heat flux and consequently increases the Bowen ratio and surface temperature, leading to a deep (warm and dry) boundary layer, which suppresses convection and hence reduces precipitation. Over the west coast of Mexico near Sinaloa, a negative soil moisture–precipitation relationship is noted to be associated with a large‐scale mechanism. The reduced soil moisture changes surface fluxes and hence boundary layer instability and ultimately low‐level circulation. As a result, the changes in surface pressure and large scale wind field increase moisture flux convergence and consequently moisture content, leading to increased atmospheric instability and in turn enhancing convection and accordingly precipitation. These results further reinforce the important role of land surface conditions on surface process, boundary structure, atmospheric circulation, and rainfall during the NAM development.
Hydrological and chemical connectivity dynamics in a groundwater‐dependent ecosystem impacted by acid sulfate soils
Authors: Nath B. , Lillicrap A. M. , Ellis L. C. , Boland D. D. , Oldham C. E. 
Published: November 2012

Key Points
Temporal dynamics of hydrological connectivity plays key role in GDE ecology
Initial vertical connectivity causes surface ponding and hotspot creation
Subsequent horizontal connectivity causes hotspot mixing and drains GDE
A periconceptional energy‐rich dietary pattern is associated with early fetal growth: the Generation R study
Authors: Bouwland‐Both MI , Steegers‐Theunissen RPM , Vujkovic M , Lesaffre EMEH , Mook‐Kanamori DO , Hofman A , Lindemans J , Russcher H , Jaddoe VWV , Steegers EAP 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveTo identify periconceptional maternal dietary patterns associated with crown–rump length (CRL), estimated fetal weight (EFW) and birthweight.DesignPopulation‐based prospective birth cohort study.SettingRotterdam, the Netherlands.ParticipantsFor this study, 847 pregnant Dutch women were eligible. Women were included between 2001 and 2005.MethodsInformation on nutritional intake was collected by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. For extracting dietary patterns, principal component factor analysis was used. Fetal growth was assessed using ultrasound measurements. Information on birth outcomes was retrieved from medical records. Multivariate regression analyses were used.Main outcome measuresCrown‐to‐rump length, estimated fetal weight in second and third trimester and birthweight.ResultsAn ‘energy‐rich dietary pattern’ was identified, characterised by high intakes of bread, margarine and nuts. A significant association was shown between a high adherence to this dietary pattern (difference, mm: 2.15, 95% confidence interval 0.79–3.50) and CRL (linear trend analyses P = 0.015). No association was revealed between increasing adherence to this dietary pattern and EFW in second or third trimester, or birthweight.ConclusionThis study suggests that increasing adherence to an energy‐rich dietary pattern is associated with increased CRL in the first trimester.
Language and utilisation of emergency care in Queensland
Authors: Mahmoud Ibrahim , Hou Xiang‐Yu , Chu Kevin , Clark Michele 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo compare access and utilisation of EDs in Queensland public hospitals between people who speak only English at home and those who speak another language at home.MethodsA retrospective analysis of a Queensland statewide hospital ED dataset (ED Information System) from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2010 was conducted. Access to ED care was measured by the proportion of the state's population attending EDs. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the relationships between ambulance use and language, and between hospital admission and language, both after adjusting for age, sex and triage category.ResultsThe ED utilisation rate was highest in English only speakers (290 per 1000 population), followed by Arabic speakers (105), and lowest among German speakers (30). Compared with English speakers, there were lower rates of ambulance use in Chinese (odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval, 0.47–0.54), Vietnamese (0.87, 0.79–0.95), Arabic (0.87, 0.78–0.97), Spanish (0.56, 0.50–0.62), Italian (0.88, 0.80–0.96), Hindi (0.61, 0.53–0.70) and German (0.87, 0.79–0.90) speakers. Compared with English speakers, German speakers had higher admission rates (odds ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.34), whereas there were lower admission rates in Chinese (0.90, 0.86–0.99), Arabic (0.76, 0.67–0.85) and Spanish (0.83, 0.75–0.93) speakers.ConclusionThis study showed that there was a significant association between lower utilisation of emergency care and speaking languages other than English at home. Further researches are needed using in‐depth methodology to investigate if there are language barriers in accessing emergency care in Queensland.
Revision of the genera Erithionyx Blackburn and Wioletta Ślipiński (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccidulini)
Authors: Tomaszewska Wioletta , Ślipiński Adam 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe members of endemic Australian ladybird genera Erithionyx and Wioletta are revised. Lectotypes are designated for Rhizobius elongatulus Crotch, R. subfusca Blackburn, R. lanosus Blackburn and Erithionyx albatus Lea. R. subfusca Blackburn is found to be a synonym of R. elongatulus Crotch (syn. n.). Wioletta ovata sp. n. is described from Northern Australia. The nomenclatural history, diagnoses and distribution data are provided for each species. Keys to the species of both genera are included.
Fluid recovery during lung lavage in meconium aspiration syndrome
Authors: Dargaville Peter A , Copnell Beverley , Mills John F , Haron Ismail , Lee Jimmy KF , Tingay David G , Rohana Jaafar , Mildenhall Lindsay F , Jeng Mei‐Jy , Narayanan Anushree , Battin Malcolm R , Kuschel Carl A , Sadowsky Joel L , Patel Harshad , Kilburn Charles J , Carlin John B , Morley Colin J ,   on behalf of the lessMAS Trial Study Group
Published: November 2012

AbstractLung lavage using two aliquots of 15 mL/kg of dilute surfactant was performed in 30 ventilated infants with severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Mean recovery of instilled lavage fluid was 46%, with greater fluid return associated with lower mean airway pressure at 24 h and a shorter duration of respiratory support.ConclusionRecovery of instilled lavage fluid is paramount in effective lung lavage in MAS and must be afforded priority in the lavage technique.