bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes after hepatic resection and subsequent multimodal treatment of recurrence for multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kim P T W , Jang J-H , Atenafu E G , Fischer S , Greig P D , McGilvray I D , Wei A C , Gallinger S , Cleary S P 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
The role of liver resection in patients with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with well preserved liver function is controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of such patients.

Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent liver resection for multifocal HCC between 1992 and 2011. Postoperative outcomes, survival and predictors of outcomes were analysed.

Results
Of 46 patients who underwent hepatic resection for multifocal HCC, 38 had Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B disease. Major hepatectomy was performed in 27 patients, and major complications occurred in nine (20 per cent). The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 7 per cent. Overall 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 78, 64, 59 and 53 per cent respectively (median 70 months), whereas corresponding recurrence-free survival rates were 53, 32, 30 and 27 per cent (median 14 months). Recurrence developed in 28 (61 per cent) of the 46 patients, affecting the liver only in 22. Three-quarters of patients with recurrence underwent further therapy. Major hepatectomy (hazard ratio (HR) 0.37, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.14 to 0·95; P = 0·038), microvascular (HR 3·44, 1·35 to 8·74; P = 0·009) and macrovascular (HR 2·68, 1·11 to 6·43; P = 0·028) invasion, and cirrhosis (HR 3·15, 1·12 to 8·86; P = 0·029) were associated with overall survival. Microvascular invasion (HR 2·81, 1·06 to 7·40; P = 0·037), cirrhosis (HR 3·12, 1·41 to 6·88; P &lt; 0·001) and bilobar disease (HR 2·93, 1·09 to 7·88; P = 0·033) were associated with recurrence-free survival.

Conclusion
In selected patients with multifocal HCC and well preserved liver function, long-term survival is possible after liver resection and subsequent aggressive treatment of recurrence.
Long-term outcomes after endothoracic sympathetic block at the T4 ganglion for upper limb hyperhidrosis
Authors: Panhofer P , Gleiss A , Eilenberg W H , Jakesz R , Bischof G , Neumayer C 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate long-term results, quality of life, satisfaction and compensatory sweating after endothoracic sympathetic block at T4 (ESB4).MethodsPatients who underwent an ESB4 procedure for palmar or palmoaxillary hyperhidrosis between 2001 and 2008 were included in a prospective study at a university hospital. Questionnaires devised by Keller and Milanez de Campos were applied to evaluate disease-specific quality of life.ResultsA total of 189 patients underwent 374 ESB4 procedures. Of 174 evaluated patients, 54 (31·0 per cent) had palmar and 120 (69·0 per cent) had palmoaxillary hyperhidrosis. Median follow-up was 92 months. In both groups, treatment successfully reduced hyperhidrosis (P &lt; 0·001) and quality of life increased significantly after ESB4 (P &lt; 0·001), remaining stable after 5 years. Overall satisfaction rates decreased owing to the development of compensatory sweating and recurrence during follow-up. Compensatory sweating affected 41 patients (23·6 per cent), and was severe in 11 (6·7 per cent) of 163 patients at 5-year follow-up; eight of these 11 patients had been treated for palmoaxillary sweating. The severity of compensatory sweating did not deteriorate with time. The severe recurrence rate increased to 11·0 per cent during follow-up, and was twice as common in patients treated for palmoaxillary sweating as in those treated for palmar sweating (13·2 versus 6·1 per cent respectively). Nine reoperations (5·2 per cent) were performed for persistent sweating, recurrence or compensatory sweating.ConclusionT4 endothoracic sympathetic clip application is safe and effective in patients with upper limb hyperhidrosis, with stable long-term improvements in quality of life.
Renal function 5 years after open and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair from a randomized trial
Authors:   DREAM Study Group, de Bruin J L , Vervloet M G , Buimer M G , Baas A F , Prinssen M , Blankensteijn J D 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
Deterioration of renal function after major vascular surgery is an important complication, and may vary between patients undergoing endovascular (EVAR) or open surgical (OR) repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The objective was to determine the impact of OR and EVAR on renal function after 5 years.

Methods
This was a post hoc analysis of data collected prospectively from the Dutch Randomized Endovascular Aneurysm Management (DREAM) trial. Five years after surgery, creatinine levels were available for 189 patients (94 after OR and 95 after EVAR). The severity of renal disease was staged using the chronic kidney disease classification of the US National Kidney Foundation clinical guidelines.

Results
Using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for the entire group declined over time, with a mean(s.d.) preoperative value of 80·0(7·6) ml per min per 1·73 m2 compared with 75·7(9·7) ml per min per 1·73 m2 after 5 years (mean difference 4·2 (95 per cent confidence interval 3·2 to 5·3) ml per min per 1·73 m2; P &lt; 0·001). Five years after surgery, the mean eGFR (CKD-EPI equation) was not significantly different between the OR and EVAR groups: 76·3(9·3) versus 75·1(10·0) ml per min per 1·73 m2 (mean difference 1·2 (−1·6 to 3·9) ml per min per 1·73 m2; P = 0·410).

Conclusion
Renal function 5 years after OR and EVAR for AAA was similar. Neither surgical procedure accelerated the loss of renal function. Registration number: NCT00421330 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
The Key Points of Highly Stable Catalysts for Methane Reforming with Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Liu Hong , Guan Chengyue , Li Xuan , Cheng Liyuan , Zhao Jianbo , Xue Nianhua , Ding Weiping 
Published: September 2013

AbstractStable catalysis performance in long‐term operation is crucial for the wide‐scale industrialization of catalytic processes. The degradation of catalysts is a considerable problem for methane reforming with carbon dioxide, owing to carbon deposition on active sites and/or catalytic supports, and sintering of active components at high temperatures. With base metals and a modified alumina support, the present work has developed highly stable catalysts that operate free of coke formation and sintering of active components. Firstly, homogeneous copper‐nickel alloy nanoparticles (NPs), which have never previously been used for this purpose, were produced and then supported as catalytic centers onto alumina. The CuNi alloy catalyst with a Ni to Cu ratio of unity totally prohibits carbon deposition on active centers, while maintaining high activity for the reforming reaction. Second, the modification of alumina by coating with zirconia before supporting the CuNi alloy, drastically inhibits coke formation on the support, prevents the reaction of Cu in the alloy with alumina at high temperatures, and, therefore, promotes the stability of active alloy NPs. Additionally, after supporting the CuNi alloy NPs on zirconia‐coated alumina, the catalyst was coated with a thinner layer of zirconia to protect the CuNi NPs from sintering, while maintaining high activity. This state‐of‐the‐art catalyst is shown to be highly stable for methane reforming with carbon dioxide at high temperatures and the deactivation constant is calculated to be close to zero in a long‐term operation, even at extremely high space velocity of 120 000 mL g−1 h−1. The results are practically important to develop robust, as well as high performance, catalysts for the relevant reactions.
Updated long‐term outcomes and prognostic factors for patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with intraoperative radiotherapy at the Massachusetts General Hospital, 1978 to 2010
Authors: Cai Sophie , Hong Theodore S. , Goldberg Saveli I. , Fernandez‐del Castillo Carlos , Thayer Sarah P. , Ferrone Cristina R. , Ryan David P. , Blaszkowsky Lawrence S. , Kwak Eunice L. , Willett Christopher G. , Lillemoe Keith D. , Warshaw Andrew L. , Wo Jennifer Y. 
Published: September 2013

BACKGROUNDIn the current study, the authors evaluated long‐term outcomes, intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT)‐related toxicity, and prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) among patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) who received IORT as part of their treatment at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).METHODSMedical records were reviewed for 194 consecutive patients with unresectable LAPC who were treated with IORT at MGH between 1978 and 2010. OS was calculated using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Prognostic factors were evaluated at the univariate level by the log‐rank test and at the multivariate level by the Cox proportional hazards model. Rates of disease progression and treatment toxicity were calculated.RESULTSThe 1‐year, 2‐year, and 3‐year survival rates were 49%, 16%, and 6%, respectively. Six patients (3%) survived for > 5 years. The median OS was 12.0 months. Among 183 patients with known post‐IORT disease status, the 2‐year local progression‐free survival and distant metastasis‐free survival rates were 41% and 28%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, an IORT applicator diameter ≤ 8 cm (hazards ratio [HR], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.30‐0.84 [P = .009]), a Charlson age‐comorbidity index ≤ 3 (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.31‐0.73 [P = .001]), and receipt of chemotherapy (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.33‐0.66 [P < .001]) predicted improved OS. The median OS for patients with all 3 positive prognostic factors was 21.2 months.CONCLUSIONSWell‐selected patients with LAPC with small tumors and low Charlson age‐comorbidity indices can achieve good long‐term survival outcomes with a treatment regimen that incorporates chemotherapy and IORT. Cancer 2013;119:4196–4204. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
The diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma in effusion cytology
Authors: Paintal Ajit , Raparia Kirtee , Zakowski Maureen F. , Nayar Ritu 
Published: September 2013

BACKGROUNDThe diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) in effusion specimens is controversial. At the study institution (Northwestern University), a primary diagnosis of MM is made on fluid cytology specimens. In an effort to estimate the practice at other institutions, a survey was disseminated regarding cytologic diagnosis of MM. The authors also evaluated their own institution's experience with primary cytologic diagnosis of MM.METHODSPatients with MM at the study institution were identified from 1992 through 2011. Fluid cytology specimens preceding histologic diagnoses were reviewed. A survey was sent to a number of cytology laboratories to assess practice patterns regarding the diagnosis of MM.RESULTSAt the study institution, 20 cases of MM had effusion specimens preceding the diagnostic histologic material. In 6 cases (30%), a definitive diagnosis of MM was rendered via cytology alone. There were no false‐positive diagnoses of MM. Of 55 laboratories that responded to the survey, 36 reported making a definitive diagnosis of MM after cytologic analysis. Almost all laboratories (35) willing to diagnose MM in effusions reported performing immunohistochemistry to distinguish adenocarcinoma from MM. A smaller proportion (18) of these laboratories reported doing additional immunohistochemistry or fluorescence in situ hybridization for p16 to help distinguish benign from malignant mesothelial proliferations. Those who do not definitively diagnose MM in fluid specimens state inability to identify invasion and overlap with reactive mesothelial proliferation as factors supporting their practice. Most respondents (32) felt that the clinicians at their institution would manage a patient based on a cytologic diagnosis of MM.CONCLUSIONSThe majority of respondents reported making a definitive diagnosis of MM in effusion cytology specimens. The diagnosis of MM in effusions, although not sensitive, is extremely specific. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013;121:703–707. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Value of immunohistochemistry in the detection of BRAFV600E mutations in fine‐needle aspiration biopsies of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Zimmermann Anne‐Katrin , Camenisch Ulrike , Rechsteiner Markus P. , Bode‐Lesniewska Beata , Rössle Matthias 
Published: September 2013

BACKGROUNDFine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is important in the diagnostic establishment of suspicious thyroid nodules. In thyroid neoplasms, mutation of the BRAF gene occurs rather exclusively in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and results in > 98% of the cases in V600E amino acid substitution. In the current study, the authors investigated the diagnostic value of a recently described monoclonal antibody that detects this specific mutation on FNAB specimens from patients with PTC.METHODSBRAFV600E status of FNAB cell blocks from 55 patients with PTC was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the new BRAFV600E antibody (clone VE1) and by Sanger sequencing (SaS). In discrepant cases, ultra‐deep sequencing was also performed. Available corresponding histological specimens were investigated by IHC and, in selected cases, with SaS as well.RESULTSAll cases yielded evaluable IHC staining results of the cell block sections with good interobserver agreement (kappa value, 0.650). Ten tumors (18.2%) demonstrated no staining, 10 tumors (18.2%) demonstrated equivocal staining, 25 tumors (45.4%) demonstrated moderate staining, and 10 tumors (18.2%) demonstrated strong staining. SaS was able to be performed in 48 cases. Nineteen cases demonstrated wild‐type BRAF and 29 cases were found to have the BRAFV600E mutation. After performing ultra‐deep sequencing 1 false‐positive and 2 false‐negative VE1 IHC cases remained, resulting in a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 93.8%.CONCLUSIONSBRAFV600E mutations in FNAB specimens from patients with PTC can be reliably detected in most cases by IHC with a new mutation‐specific antibody. Interpretation of VE1 IHC staining results on cell block slides of PTC can be difficult in some cases. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:48–58. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Coordination Complexes Containing Cu2I2 Units and Their Application in Luminescence and Catalysis
Authors: Zhao Huaixia , Li Xinxiong , Wang Jinyun , Li Liuyi , Wang Ruihu 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe reaction of bis‐ or tris‐chelating nitrogen‐containing ligands (L1–L5) with CuI gave rise to five coordination complexes consisting of Cu2I2 dimeric units. L1 in complex 1 adopts a cis conformation and links Cu2I2 into a dinuclear structure. L2 and L3 in complexes 2 and 3 exhibit a trans conformation, and the alternative linkage of L2 or L3 and Cu2I2 results in the formation of a 1D chain. In complex 4, two pyrazolyl‐pyridine units of L4 at the same side of the central phenyl ring are connected to Cu2I2 forming a tetranuclear macrocycle, and the third pyrazolyl‐pyridine unit at the other side of the central phenyl ring further links the macrocycle into a 1D chain. L5 bridges Cu2I2 in a cis conformation forming a tetranuclear complex, which is very different from 1 owing to the difference of the electronic property between pyrazolyl and triazolyl rings. The coordination nitrogen atoms in two pairs of ortho‐positioned nitrogen‐containing chelating rings in L1 and L5 are directed toward opposite and the same directions, respectively. Complexes 1–4 containing pyrazolyl‐pyridine units showed luminescence whereas no clear emission was observed in complex 5 containing triazolyl‐pyridine units, despite the fact that they were investigated under the same conditions. The application of complexes 1–5 in the copper(I)‐catalyzed Ullmann cross‐coupling reaction and azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction was preliminarily evaluated.
Hierarchical TiO2/V2O5 Multifunctional Membrane for Water Purification
Authors: Gao Peng , Tai Ming Hang , Sun Darren Delai 
Published: September 2013

AbstractMembrane technology provides a new choice to solve the looming clean water scarcity crisis. However, severe membrane fouling is a great challenge in the membrane‐based water treatment field. In this study, a new hierarchical TiO2/V2O5 multifunctional membrane was fabricated for the first time by assembling TiO2/V2O5 composites as a functional layer on top of the polymer supporting layer. Compared with conventional membranes, this multifunctional membrane is capable of concurrently filtering water and removing water pollutants to produce clean water without membrane fouling. Hence, this membrane can sustain high permeate flux for a longer period. These virtues can be attributed to the following reasons, among others: 1) low resistance of the nanofibrous functional layer, 2) enhanced light absorption and scattering of the hierarchical nanostructure, and 3) facilitated charge separation owing to the heterojunctions between TiO2 and V2O5. This novel membrane opens up a new avenue for the fabrication of a next‐generation multifunctional membrane.
Infant and adult visual attention during an imitation demonstration
Authors: Taylor Gemma , Herbert Jane S. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTDeferred imitation tasks have shown that manipulations at encoding can enhance infant learning and memory performance within an age, suggesting that brain maturation alone cannot fully account for all developmental changes in early memory abilities. The present study investigated whether changes in the focus of attention during learning might contribute to improving memory abilities during infancy. Infants aged 6, 9, and 12 months, and an adult comparison group, watched a video of a puppet imitation demonstration while visual behavior was recorded on an eye tracker. Overall, infants spent less time attending to the video than adults, and distributed their gaze more equally across the demonstrator and puppet stimulus. In contrast, adults directed their gaze primarily to the puppet. When infants were tested for their behavioral recall of the target actions, “imitators” were shown to have increased attention to the person and decreased attention to the background compared to “non‐imitators.” These results suggest that attention during learning is related to memory outcome and that changes in attention may be one mechanism by which manipulations to the learning event may enhance infant recall memory. © 2013 The Authors. Developmental Psychobiology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.. Dev Psychobiol 56: 770–782, 2014.
Asymmetry in children's salivary cortisol and alpha‐amylase in the context of marital conflict: Links to children's emotional security and adjustment
Authors: Koss Kalsea J. , George Melissa R.W. , Cummings E. Mark , Davies Patrick T. , El‐Sheikh Mona , Cicchetti Dante 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTRecent research supports the promise of examining interactive models of physiological processes on children's adjustment. The present study investigates interactions between children's autonomic nervous system activity and adrenocortical functioning in the context of marital discord; specifically, testing models of concurrent responses proposed by Bauer et al. ([2002] Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 23:102–113) in the prediction of children's behavioral responses to conflict and adjustment. Asymmetry and symmetry in children's salivary alpha‐amylase and cortisol were examined in 195 children (M age = 8 years) in response to viewing conflict vignettes. Results were partially consistent with an interactive model in the context of high marital discord; asymmetry among higher alpha‐amylase and lower cortisol related to higher emotional insecurity and concurrent and subsequent maladjustment. In contrast, patterns of symmetrical responses were related to greater maladjustment for children exposed to lower levels of marital discord, supporting an additive model. Findings support the importance of a multisystem approach to investigating the adaptiveness of children's physiological stress responses, while also highlighting the value of considering physiological responses in the context of family risk. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 836–849, 2014.
Exposure to ethanol on prenatal days 19–20 increases ethanol intake and palatability in the infant rat: Involvement of kappa and mu opioid receptors
Authors: Díaz‐Cenzano Elena , Gaztañaga Mirari , Gabriela Chotro M. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTPrenatal exposure to ethanol on gestation Days 19–20, but not 17–18, increases ethanol acceptance in infant rats. This effect seems to be a conditioned response acquired prenatally, mediated by the opioid system, which could be stimulated by ethanol's pharmacological properties (mu‐opioid receptors) or by a component of the amniotic fluid from gestation‐day 20 (kappa‐inducing factor). The latter option was evaluated administering non‐ethanol chemosensory stimuli on gestation Days 19–20 and testing postnatal intake and palatability. However, prenatal exposure to anise or vanilla increased neither intake nor palatability of these tastants on postnatal Day 14. In experiment 2, the role of ethanol's pharmacological effect was tested by administering ethanol and selective antagonists of mu and kappa opioid receptors prenatally. Blocking the mu‐opioid receptor system completely reversed the effects on intake and palatability, while antagonizing kappa receptors only partially reduced the effects on palatability. This suggests that the pharmacological effect of ethanol on the fetal mu opioid system is the appetitive reinforcer, which induces the prenatally conditioned preference detected in the preweanling period. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1167–1178, 2014.
Longitudinal associations between infections and atopic disorders across childhood and dysregulated adrenocortical functioning in early adolescence
Authors: Ruttle Paula L. , Serbin Lisa A. , Martin‐Storey Alexa , Stack Dale M. , Schwartzman Alex E. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTThe present study sought to determine if exposure to common childhood medical problems (i.e., infections and atopic disorders [e.g., allergies, asthma]) may dysregulate the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis. Longitudinal data from 96 youth were used to examine this possibility. Medical records were drawn from government databases indicating the frequency of visits to healthcare facilities for infections and atopic disorders from infancy to early adolescence. During early adolescence, participants provided salivary cortisol samples from awakening until bedtime over 2 consecutive days. Individuals with a history of increased number visits for infections across childhood displayed elevated levels of cortisol at awakening whereas individuals with childhood histories of visits for atopic disorders displayed blunted diurnal cortisol slopes. These findings build on previous research documenting associations between infections and atopic disorders and cortisol by identifying longitudinal linkages from early health problems to later HPA axis functioning. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 897–907, 2014.