bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Laurene‐Type Sesquiterpenes from the Red Sea Red Alga Laurencia obtusa as Potential Antitumor—Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: Alarif Walied M. , Al‐Lihaibi Sultan S. , Ayyad Seif‐Eldin N. , Abdel‐Rhman Mohamed H. , Badria Farid A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThree new laurene‐type sesquiterpenes (I) and (II) are isolated from the organic extract of the red alga Laurencia obtusa.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Elucidation of Submilligram Quantities of Natural Products — Application to Haliclamines G and H from the Arctic Marine Sponge Haliclona viscosa.
Authors: Cychon Christine , Schmidt Gesine , Mordhorst Thorsten , Koeck Matthias 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTwo new haliclamines (I) are identified directly from the crude extract of an arctic sponge using improved chromatographic conditions and detailed knowledge about the fragmentation pattern of haliclamines.
Diagnostic value of tumor markers in lung adenocarcinoma‐associated cytologically negative pleural effusions
Authors: Hsieh Tsung‐Cheng , Huang Wen‐Wei , Lai Chun‐Liang , Tsao Shih‐Ming , Su Cheng‐Chuan 
Published: February 2013

BACKGROUNDCytology fails to detect neoplastic cells in approximately 40% to 50% of malignant pleural effusions (PEs), which commonly accompany lung adenocarcinomas. The diagnostic accuracy of various tumor markers in lung adenocarcinoma‐associated cytologically negative pleural effusions (LAC‐CNPEs) has been poor. The current study attempted to maximize diagnostic efforts in distinguishing LAC‐CNPEs from benign PEs.METHODSPE samples were collected from 74 patients with lung adenocarcinoma with associated cytologically positive (41 patients) and negative (33 patients) PEs, and from 99 patients with benign conditions including tuberculosis (26 patients), pneumonia (28 patients), congestive heart failure (25 patients), and cirrhosis (20 patients). The authors evaluated the diagnostic sensitivity and optimal cutoff points for the tumor markers HER2/neu, CYFRA 21‐1, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) to distinguish LAC‐CNPEs from benign PEs.RESULTSMean levels of HER2/neu, CYRFA 21‐1, and CEA were found to be significantly higher in LAC‐CNPEs compared with benign PEs (P = .0050, P = .0039, and P < .0001, respectively). The cutoff points for HER2/neu, CYFRA 21‐1, and CEA were optimally set at 3.6 ng/mL, 60 ng/mL, and 6.0 ng/mL, respectively. Their sensitivities ranged from 12.1%, to 30.3%, to 63.6%, respectively. CEA combined with CYFRA 21‐1 increased diagnostic sensitivity to 66.7%. The false‐positive rates of these markers in benign PEs were 6.1%, 2.0%, and 0%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe combination of CEA with CYFRA 21‐1 appears to provide the best differentiation between LAC‐CNPEs and benign PEs to date using 2 tumor markers, and allows for the early diagnosis and early treatment of approximately two‐thirds of affected patients. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013;121:483–8. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
[2.2]Paracyclophane–Triazolyl Monophosphane Ligands: Synthesis and Their Copper and Palladium Complexes
Authors: Austeri Martina , Enders Mirja , Nieger Martin , Bräse Stefan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTriazole‐based phosphanes have recently been shown to be interesting ligands in organometallic catalysis. The synthesis of novel [2.2]paracyclophane‐substituted triazole‐based phosphane ligands was achieved. The possibility to synthesize these molecules in a highly enantioenriched form is also reported. Moreover, the ability of the novel ligands to coordinate with metal centers was explored. Besides a dinuclear copper complex, a PdII complex could also be isolated, the structure of which was characterized by X‐ray analysis. PdII complexes derived from these ligands provide highly active catalysts for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides.
ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling triggers inflammatory responses by promoting HMGB1 induction in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Kamo Naoko , Ke Bibo , Ghaffari Amir A. , Shen Xiu-da , Busuttil Ronald W. , Cheng Genhong , Kupiec-Weglinski Jerzy W. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), an adaptor protein for inflammasome receptors, is essential for inducing caspase-1 activation and the consequent secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which is associated with local inflammation during liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). However, little is known about the mechanisms by which the ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β axis exerts its function in hepatic IRI. This study was designed to explore the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling in the regulation of inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. With a partial lobar liver warm ischemia (90 minutes) model, ASC-deficient and wild-type mice (C57BL/6) were sacrificed at 6 hours of reperfusion. Separate animal cohorts were treated with an anti–IL-1β antibody or control immunoglobulin G (10 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally). We found that ASC deficiency inhibited caspase-1/IL-1β signaling and led to protection against liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR) damage, local enhancement of antiapoptotic functions, and down-regulation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)–mediated, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)–driven inflammation. Interestingly, the treatment of ASC-deficient mice with recombinant HMGB1 re-created liver IRI. Moreover, neutralization of IL-1β ameliorated the hepatocellular damage by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/cyclooxygenase 2 signaling in IR-stressed livers. In parallel in vitro studies, the knockout of ASC in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated bone marrow–derived macrophages depressed HMGB1 activity via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and led to the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB and ultimately the depression of proinflammatory cytokine programs. Conclusion: ASC-mediated caspase-1/IL-1β signaling promotes HMGB1 to produce a TLR4-dependent inflammatory phenotype and leads to hepatocellular injury. Hence, ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling mediates the inflammatory response by triggering HMGB1 induction in hepatic IRI. Our findings provide a rationale for a novel therapeutic strategy for managing liver injury due to IR. (HEPATOLOGY 2013)
Global river hydrography and network routing: baseline data and new approaches to study the world's large river systems
Authors: Lehner Bernhard , Grill Günther 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDespite significant recent advancements, global hydrological models and their input databases still show limited capabilities in supporting many spatially detailed research questions and integrated assessments, such as required in freshwater ecology or applied water resources management. In order to address these challenges, the scientific community needs to create improved large‐scale datasets and more flexible data structures that enable the integration of information across and within spatial scales; develop new and advanced models that support the assessment of longitudinal and lateral hydrological connectivity; and provide an accessible modeling environment for researchers, decision makers, and practitioners. As a contribution, we here present a new modeling framework that integrates hydrographic baseline data at a global scale (enhanced HydroSHEDS layers and coupled datasets) with new modeling tools, specifically a river network routing model (HydroROUT) that is currently under development. The resulting ‘hydro‐spatial fabric’ is designed to provide an avenue for advanced hydro‐ecological applications at large scales in a consistent and highly versatile way. Preliminary results from case studies to assess human impacts on water quality and the effects of dams on river fragmentation and downstream flow regulation illustrate the potential of this combined data‐and‐modeling framework to conduct novel research in the fields of aquatic ecology, biogeochemistry, geo‐statistical modeling, or pollution and health risk assessments. The global scale outcomes are at a previously unachieved spatial resolution of 500 m and can thus support local planning and decision making in many of the world's large river basins. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Curve‐Number/Green–Ampt mixed procedure for streamflow predictions in ungauged basins: Parameter sensitivity analysis
Authors: Grimaldi S. , Petroselli A. , Romano N. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA procedure combining the Soil Conservation Service‐Curve Number (SCS‐CN) method and the Green–Ampt (GA) infiltration equation was recently developed to overcome some of the drawbacks of the classic SCS‐CN approach when estimating the volume of surface runoff at a sub‐daily time resolution. The rationale of this mixed procedure, named Curve Number for Green–Ampt (CN4GA), is to use the GA infiltration model to distribute the total volume of the net hyetograph (rainfall excess) provided by the SCS‐CN method over time. The initial abstraction and the total volume of rainfall given by the SCS‐CN method are used to identify the ponding time and to quantify the hydraulic conductivity parameter of the GA equation. In this paper, a sensitivity analysis of the mixed CN4GA parameters is presented with the aim to identify conditions where the mixed procedure can be effectively used within the Prediction in Ungauged Basin perspective. The effects exerted by changes in selected input parameters on the outputs are evaluated using rectangular and triangular synthetic hyetographs as well as 100 maximum annual storms selected from synthetic rainfall time series. When applied to extreme precipitation events, which are characterized by predominant peaks of rainfall, the CN4GA appears to be rather insensitive to the input hydraulic parameters of the soil, which is an interesting feature of the CN4GA approach and makes it an ideal candidate for the rainfall excess estimation at sub‐daily temporal resolution at ungauged sites. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐iterative reconstruction with a prior for undersampled radial MRI data
Authors: Zeng Gengsheng L. , Li Ya , DiBella Edward V. R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper develops an FBP‐MAP (filtered backprojection, maximum a posteriori) algorithm to reconstruct MRI images from undersampled data. An objective function is first set up for the MRI reconstruction problem with a data fidelity term and a Bayesian term. The Bayesian term is a constraint in the temporal dimension. This objective function is minimized using the calculus of variations. The proposed algorithm is non‐iterative. Undersampled dynamic myocardial perfusion MRI data were used to test the feasibility of the proposed technique. It is shown that the non‐iterative Fourier–Bayesian reconstruction method effectively incorporates the temporal constraint and significantly reduces the angular aliasing artifacts caused by undersampling. A significant advantage of the proposed non‐iterative Fourier–Bayesian technique over the iterative techniques is its fast computation time and its ability to reach the optimal solution. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 23, 53–58, 2013.
Particle filtering based pitch sequence correction for monaural speech segregation
Authors: Kim Han‐Gyu , Jang Gil‐Jin , Park Jeong‐Sik , Kim Ji‐Hwan , Oh Yung‐Hwan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article proposes a novel speech and sound segregation framework incorporating a technique for correcting a series of pitch periods based on particle filtering. The conventional pitch track correction method finds the peak locations of the autocorrelation functions to estimate the pitch period, and only the longest reliable pitch streak is used to correct unreliable pitch tracks. Especially in noisy environments, it is hard to find long and reliable pitch streaks, resulting in the degradation of the speech segregation performance. The proposed algorithm based on particle filtering considers all the reliable pitch streaks rather than the longest one and smoothly connects the scattered pitch streaks. To apply the particle filtering algorithm to pitch track correction, the importance weight computation to account for the degree of matchness of the found pitch to the individual spectro‐temporal components is also proposed. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by the results of speech segregation experiments for the mixtures of speech and various noise sources in various mixing signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs). The evaluation measures were SNR, energy loss ratio, and noise residue ratio of the segregated speech, and all these measures showed that the proposed segregation method achieved superior performance compared to the conventional approach. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 23, 64–70, 2013.
Exact ligand cone angles
Authors: Bilbrey Jenna A. , Kazez Arianna H. , Locklin Jason , Allen Wesley D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMany properties of transition‐metal complexes depend on the steric bulk of bound ligands, usually quantified by the Tolman (θ) and solid (θ) cone angles, which have proven utility but suffer from various limitations and coarse approximations. Here, we present an improved, mathematically rigorous method to determine an exact cone angle (θ°) by solving for the most acute right circular cone that contains the entire ligand. The procedure is applicable to any ligand, planar or nonplanar, monodentate or polydentate, bound to any metal center in any environment, and it is ideal for analyzing structures from quantum chemical computations as well as X‐ray crystallography experiments. Exact cone angles were evaluated for a wide array of phosphine and amine ligands bound to palladium, nickel, or platinum by optimizing structures using B3LYP/6‐31G* density functional theory with effective core potentials for the transition metals. The mean absolute deviations of the standard θ and θ parameters from the exact cone angles were 15–25°, mostly caused by distortions from the assumed idealized structures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Leaching of platinum group metals (PGMs) from spent automotive catalyst using electro‐generated chlorine inHClsolution
Authors: Upadhyay Arun K. , Lee Jae‐chun , Kim Eun‐young , Kim Min‐seuk , Kim Byung‐Su , Kumar Vinay 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn order to conserve resources without affecting the environment, an energy efficient leaching process has been studied to recover platinum group metals (PGMs) from spent automotive catalyst using electro‐generated chlorine as a strong oxidant in a separate reactor.ResultsThe different process parameters studied showed an increase in the dissolution ofPGMs(Pt, Pd, Rh) withHClconcentration, current density, time, and temperature but not pulp density. Leaching efficiencies of 71% Pt, 68% Pd and 60% Rh were obtained under the optimized conditions of 6.0 mol L−1HCl, 714 A m−2current density, 363 K, 20 g L−1pulp density, 700 rpm agitation speed. ThePGMsdissolution kinetics followed ash diffusion control with activation energies for Pt, Pd and Rh of 29.6, 26.4, 20.6 inkJmol−1, respectively over the temperature range 298–363 K. The leaching studies carried out after treatment with 20% formic acid at room temperature showed a remarkable increase in dissolution efficiencies to 97% Pt, 94% Pd and 90% Rh.ConclusionsA process for the leaching ofPGMsusing electro‐generated chlorine showed almost total dissolution ofPGMsin hydrochloric acid solution after pretreatment of the spent automotive catalyst with formic acid. The proposed leaching system is eco‐friendly and has high leaching ability forPGMsfrom spent materials. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Methane production via anaerobic digestion of glycerol: a comparison of conventional (CSTR) and high‐rate (PABR) digesters
Authors: Vlassis T. , Stamatelatou K. , Antonopoulou G. , Lyberatos G. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiodiesel is an alternative to fossil fuels and can be used directly in internal combustion engines when mixed with diesel. The economic feasibility of biodiesel production necessitates the valorisation of glycerol, which is produced in large quantities (equal to 10% of the biodiesel produced). Anaerobic digestion is applicable to a variety of organic residues yielding biogas rich in methane. In order to estimate the net potential of glycerol to yield methane, pure glycerol was selected to avoid any effect from the impurities in crude glycerol.RESULTSThe anaerobic digestion of pure glycerol was studied in two types of bioreactors: a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a baffled reactor (periodic anaerobic baffled reactor, PABR). Both reactors were operated in mesophilic conditions (35 °C) at various organic loading rates. The maximum glycerol loading achieved in a CSTR was 0.25 g COD L–1 d–1, yielding 0.074 ± 0.009 L CH4 L–1 d–1. On the other hand, PABR allowed glycerol degradation at a loading of 3 g COD L–1 d–1 yielding 0.993 ± 0.102 L CH4 L–1 d–1.CONCLUSIONPABR was proved to be more efficient since it was subjected to a 10‐fold higher organic loading rate than CSTR. Moreover, its performance was much higher in terms of COD removal and methane productivity. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
MR imaging of renal collecting system with gadoxetate disodium: Feasibility for MR urography
Authors: Dym R. Joshua , Chernyak Victoria , Rozenblit Alla M. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeTo determine the feasibility of using gadoxetate disodium for MR urography.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 50 consecutive gadoxetate disodium‐enhanced abdominal MRI examinations meeting inclusion criteria. For each examination, 30 min postcontrast hepatobiliary phase sequences were reviewed to assess bilateral collecting system segments, including upper pole, interpolar, and lower pole calyces; renal pelvis; and proximal one‐third of ureter. Each segment was assessed for degree of opacification (none, <50%, ≥50%, complete) and susceptibility artifact (none, partial thin rim, thick/complete rim, total obscuration). Opacification and susceptibility scores were also calculated for each examination.ResultsThe 50 reviewed examinations were performed on 46 patients (26 women, 20 men; mean age, 57 years) and included a total of 1000 segments. Of these, 808 (80.8%) were opacified completely, 103 (10.3%) were opacified ≥50%, 39 (3.9%) were opacified <50%, and 50 (5.0%) were not opacified. Of 1000 segments, no susceptibility artifact was present in 822 (82.2%), while a partial thin rim was present in 113 (11.3%), a thick/complete rim in 64 (6.4%) and total obscuration in 1 (0.1%).ConclusionGadoxetate disodium contrast produced a high degree of opacification of the proximal urinary collecting system with low incidence of susceptibility artifact; therefore, it is a feasible contrast agent for MR urography. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:816–823. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Operational dissection of β‐amyloid cytopathic effects on cultured neurons
Authors: Callizot Noelle , Combes Maud , Steinschneider Rémy , Poindron Philippe 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAlzheimer disease (AD) affects mainly people over the age of 65 years, suffering from different clinical symptoms such as progressive decline in memory, thinking, language, and learning capacity. The toxic role of β‐amyloid peptide (Aβ) has now shifted from insoluble Aβ fibrils to smaller, soluble oligomeric Aβ aggregates. The urgent need for efficient new therapies is high; robust models dissecting the physiopathological aspects of the disease are needed. We present here a model allowing study of four cytopathic effects of Aβ oligomers (AβO): oxidative stress, loss of synapses, disorganization of the neurite network, and cellular death. By generating a solution of AβO and playing on the concentration of and time of exposure to AβO, we have shown that it was possible to reproduce early effects (oxidative stress) and the long‐term development of structural alterations (death of neurons). We have shown that 1) all toxic events were linked to AβO according to a specific timing and pathway and 2) AβO were probably the key intermediates in AD pathogenesis. The present model, using Aβ peptide solution containing AβO, reproduced essential neuropathological features of AD; the effects involved were similar whatever the kind of neurons tested (cortical vs. hippocampal). By using a single system, it was possible to embrace all toxic mechanisms at defined times and concentrations, to study each involved pathway, and to study the effects of new molecules on the different neurotoxic pathways responsible for development of AD. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of potentially inhibiting substances on C and net N mineralization of a sandy soil—a case study
Authors: Heumann Sabine , Rimmer David L. , Schlichting Andre , Abbott Geoffrey D. , Leinweber Peter , Böttcher Jürgen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRecently, indirect evidence was obtained for inhibition of soil net N mineralization by sterols in soil organic matter, which could have been caused by their antioxidant or antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to test the effect of potential inhibitors (i.e., individual compounds with known antioxidant and/or antimicrobial properties) on soil microbial mineralization processes during incubation for 7 and 14 d. A sandy agricultural soil was amended with four substances: two phenolic acids differing in their antioxidant capacity (AOC) (acetovanillone with no AOC, ferulic acid with large AOC), Trolox, an analogue of vitamin E (large AOC), and β‐sitosterol (no AOC, but potential antimicrobial properties). The two compounds with large AOC (ferulic acid and Trolox) showed no significant inhibition of C and net N mineralization; and the Trolox amendment actually caused a significant increase in C and net N mineralization after 7 d of incubation. Acetovanillone with no measurable AOC caused a significant increase in C mineralization (109% of substance C added), indicating degradation of the substance, and a very pronounced negative net N mineralization within 7 d (–356%), which was interpreted as N immobilization. Only β‐sitosterol showed strong inhibition of net N mineralization after 7 and 14 d (–59% and –26%, respectively) which was not interpreted as N immobilization, since there was no concomitant increase in C mineralization. Thus, an antimicrobial effect of β‐sitosterol specificly on microorganisms of the N cycle was suggested, but there was no clear inhibitory effect caused by the antioxidant compounds.
Isolation and identification of antioxidative peptides from pilot‐scale black‐bone silky fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson) muscle oligopeptides
Authors: Liu Wenying , Gu Ruizeng , Lin Feng , Lu Jun , Yi Weixue , Ma Yong , Dong Zhe , Cai Muyi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDA pilot‐scale production was developed to produce oligopeptide powder from black‐bone silky fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson) muscle (BSFP) by two‐step enzymatic hydrolysis and multistage separation. The resultant BSFP was assessed for antioxidant activities against four free radicals (hydroxyl, 1,1‐dipheny‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide and peroxyl) and against the peroxidation of linoleic acid in a lipid peroxidation model system. After separation by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC), five major fractions of BSFP were tested for DPPH radical scavenging activity and subjected to mass spectrometry to identify the active peptides.RESULTSBSFP showed potential antioxidant activity in four assay systems. Three RP‐HPLC fractions produced higher antioxidant effect than BSFP, with Fraction 4 showing the strongest activity. A total of 18 peptides were identified, and two peptides – Leu‐Trp‐Arg and Asn‐Met – had strong scavenging activity, with IC50 values of 2.28 ± 0.05 and 4.65 ± 0.09 mg mL−1, respectively. Asn‐Met is a novel antioxidative peptide that has not been previously reported.CONCLUSIONSThe results showed that the pilot‐scale production of BSFP was a practical way to produce peptides with high value and potential antioxidant activity. BSFP and its antioxidative peptides can be a source of natural antioxidant and used as a food additive. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry