bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Surfactants on the Performance of “Green Additives” as Calcium Carbonate Inhibitors for Aqueous Systems
Authors: Amjad Zahid , Koutsoukos Peter G. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The inhibition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation by “green” additives has been examined in aqueous solution. It has been found that additive performance as CaCO3 inhibitor depends upon additive architecture. The influence of surfactants containing different functional group has also been investigated. Results on the evaluation of surfactants suggest that compared to carboxyl group containing additives, surfactants are ineffective CaCO3 inhibitors. Performance data on the impact of cationic surfactant (e. g., cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, CTAC) suggest that CTAC exhibits an antagonistic effect on the performance of polymers. The antagonistic behavior shown by CTAC on the performance of additives has been explained in terms of cationic – anionic interactions. SEM study shows that presence of low concentration of additive exhibits marked influence on the morphology of CaCO3 crystals formed in presence of additives.
Forschung zu Wald und Klimawandel in Mitteleuropa: eine Werkschau
Authors: Wohlgemuth Thomas , Brang Peter , Bugmann Harald , Rigling Andreas , Zimmermann Niklaus E. 
Published: January 2014

Research on forests and climate change in Central Europe: state of the art
How are trees in Central European forests affected by climate change, yesterday, today and tomorrow? To answer this question, 250 researchers met for the international conference “ClimTree 2013” that took place in Zurich in September 2013. The answers are manifold and confirm that knowledge on this subject is not fully consolidated yet. Nevertheless, there is agreement on the two most important factors causing marked changes: aggravated water shortage during the growing season leading to growth and regeneration changes and inducing mortality, and rising temperatures that accelerate both biotic and abiotic processes, in particular pest outbreaks and forest fires. The question which tree species will dominate under future climatic conditions is lively debated due to novel results from experiments and dendroecological studies that have only partially been considered in forest succession models to date. Thus, the discussion on a next generation of such models has started. The present conference report summarizes the state of the art as well as new research questions in this field.
Nahrungsangebot für Auerhuhnküken – Phänologie und Verteilung der Lepidoptera-Larven
Authors: Hummel Sarah , Graf Roland F. 
Published: January 2014

Food supply for capercaillie chicks – phenology and distribution of the Lepidoptera larvae
According to Scandinavian literature, Lepidoptera larvae are particularly important for the rearing of capercaillie chicks. For Central European habitats, we lack detailed information on invertebrate food availability as a function of habitat conditions and season. Using the sweep-net sampling technique, we examined the phenology and spatial distribution of larvae in forest stands with bilberry vegetation in dependence of the canopy cover and the duration of sunshine. The availability of Lepidoptera larvae was highest in mid of June and decreased to almost zero in July. The abundance and biomass of Lepidoptera larvae was lower at sunny (sunshine duration 4–10 h) and open locations (canopy cover 0–30%) than at shady places (sunshine duration 0–3 h) with intermediate canopy cover (35–60%). These results lead to the conclusion that forests with an intermediate canopy cover provide better foraging habitat for capercaillie chicks than very open and sunny forest stands. Further, the timing of hatching and the phenology of Lepidoptera larvae may be an important issue in Central European habitats. However, in Switzerland we lack information on reproductive success to study this connection more profoundly.
Variations of water stable isotopes (δ18O) in two lake basins, southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Gao Jing , Yao Tandong , Joswiak Daniel 
Published: January 2014

Abstractδ18O measurements based on systematic sampling and isotopic modeling have been adopted to study the controls of stable isotopes in lake water in two lake basins (lakes Yamdrok-tso and Puma Yum-tso) at two different elevations on the southern Tibetan Plateau. Temporally, δ18O values in precipitation and lake water display a seasonal fluctuation in both lakes. Spatially, δ18O values in the two lake basins increase by 10% from the termini of glaciers to the lake shores, by ∽1% from the lake shores to the lake center and by 0.4% from the water surface to depth in these lakes. The clear annual δ18O variations indicate that lake water mixes sufficiently in a short time. Model results show that glacial meltwater and surface lake-water temperature are not the dominant factors in the balance process of stable isotopes in lake water. Equilibrium δ18O values decrease by 0.8% for Yamdrok-tso lake and 0.6% for Puma Yum-tso lake when glacial meltwater contributions to these lakes shrink by 60%. δ18O ratios increase rapidly during the initial stages and take a longer time to approach the equilibrium value.
Crises et mal-logement : réflexions sur la notion de « vulnérabilité résidentielle »
Authors: Fijalkow Yankel 
Published: January 2014

Crises and inadequate housing : reflections on the notion of " residential vulnerability"
Inadequate housing has been a subject of political discussion for the past twenty years. The five factors that define it are lack of housing, difficulties in accessing housing, discomfort and squalor, maintenance difficulties and mobility difficulties. Within this context, the Fondation Abbé Pierre makes a distinction between the " number of people experiencing severe problems of inadequate housing" (3.5 million people) and " people in a situation of real short-or medium-term vulnerability" (6.6 million people). This definition is the result of a long evolution that has led the physical causes of inadequate housing to be separated from the causes attributable to human beings. Under this approach, the poor and vulnerable are considered as fully-fledged actors, capable of building their own strategies in relation to the Welfare State. However, observation of these strategies reveals, above all, precarious living arrangements (flat shares, subletting) which call into question the notion of " residential vulnerability".
Home-centered Health-enabling Technologies and Regional Health Information Systems
Authors: von Bargen T. , Kohlmann M. , Marschollek M. , Schwartze J. , Song B. , Wagner M. , Wolf K.-H. , Haux R. , Gietzelt M. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryIntroduction: This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on “Using Data from Ambient Assisted Living and Smart Homes in Electronic Health Records”.Objectives: In this paper, we present a prototype of a Home-Centered Health- Enabling Technology (HET-HC), which is able to capture, store, merge and process data from various sensor systems at people’s home. In addition, we present an architecture designed to integrate HET-HC into an exem -plary regional Health Information System (rHIS).Methods: rHIS are traditionally document-based to fit to the needs in a clinical context. However, HET-HC are producing continuous data streams for which documents might be an inappropriate representation. Therefore, the HET-HC could register placeholder-documents at rHIS. These placeholder-documents are assembled upon user-authenticated request by the HET-HC and are always up-to-date. Moreover, it is not trivial to find a clinical coding system for continuous sensor data and to make the data machine-readable in order to enhance the interoperability of such systems. Therefore, we propose the use of SNOCAP-HET, which is a nomenclature to describe the context of sensor-based measurements in health-enabling technologies.Results: We present an architectural approach to integrate HET-HC into rHIS. Our solution is the centralized registration of placeholder-documents with rHIS and the decentralized data storage at people’s home.Conclusions: We concluded that the pre -sented architecture of integrating HET-HC into rHIS might fit well to the traditional approach of document-based data storage. Data security and privacy issues are also duly considered.
Lessons Learned from a Health Record Bank Start-up
Authors: Shortliffe E. H. , Yasnoff W. A. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryIntroduction: This article is part of a Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on Health Record Banking.Background: In late summer 2010, an organization was formed in greater Phoenix, Arizona (USA), to introduce a health record bank (HRB) in that community. The effort was initiated after market research and was aimed at engaging 200,000 individuals as members in the first year (5% of the population). It was also intended to evaluate a business model that was based on early adoption by consumers and physicians followed by additional revenue streams related to incremental services and secondary uses of clinical data, always with specific permission from individual members, each of whom controlled all access to his or her own data.Objectives: To report on the details of the HRB experience in Phoenix, to describe the sources of problems that were experienced, and to identify lessons that need to be considered in future HRB ventures.Methods: We describe staffing for the HRB effort, the computational platform that was developed, the approach to marketing, the engagement of practicing physicians, and the governance model that was developed to guide the HRB design and implementation.Results: Despite efforts to engage the phy -sician community, limited consumer advertising, and a carefully considered financial strategy, the experiment failed due to insufficient enrollment of individual members. It was discontinued in April 2011.Conclusions: Although the major problem with this HRB project was undercapitalization, we believe this effort demonstrated that basic HRB accounts should be free for members and that physician engagement and participation are key elements in constructing an effective marketing channel. Local community governance is essential for trust, and the included population must be large enough to provide sufficient revenues to sustain the resource in the long term.
Development and characterization of 10 microsatellite loci in the giant cardon cactus, Pachycereus pringlei (Cactaceae)
Authors: Gutiérrez Flores Carina , Lozano Garza O. Adrian , León de la Luz José L. , García de León Francisco J. 
Published: January 2014

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for the cardon, a giant columnar cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) of the Sonoran Desert, to investigate intraspecific genetic patterns of diversity and population structure.• Methods and Results: Using 454 GS‐FLX technology and bioinformatics tools, microsatellite primers were successfully identified on 282 reads, including di‐, tri‐, tetra‐, penta‐, and hexanucleotides. A set of 10 primers were characterized on 80 individuals collected in two areas of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. All 10 loci were polymorphic, with a mean of 6.3 alleles per locus and overall levels of observed and expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.41 to 0.59 and from 0.40 to 0.57, respectively. Alleles per individual plant ranged from one to four, suggesting a polyploidal genome.• Conclusions: These loci should be useful for future investigations of population structure, genetic diversity, and gene flow in the cardon cactus.
Proximité des représentations de la maladie chez le malade et ses proches : revue de littérature et illustration clinique
Authors: Villani Murielle , Flahault Cécile , Montel Sébastien , Sultan Serge , Bungener Catherine 
Published: January 2014

La représentation de la maladie reste un champ de recherche fondamental en psychologie, en ce sens qu’il permet de mieux comprendre les comportements de santé dans le contexte de maladies chroniques ou épisodes aigus. De nombreuses études ont, en effet, montré que la représentation de la maladie d’un patient a un impact significatif sur son adaptation physique et psychologique. En partant des modèles théoriques les plus fréquemment utilisés, notamment en psychologie de la santé, pour expliquer la constitution des représentations de la maladie, cet article tente de répondre aux questions suivantes : de quelle manière les proches sont-ils touchés par la maladie chronique ou les épisodes aigus d’un patient ? Quel est l’impact des similarités ou des divergences de représentation entre le patient et ses proches ? Une rapide revue de littérature et l’exemple clinique d’un couple confronté au cancer du sein nous conduisent à penser que cette représentation doit être abordée, tant du point de vue du patient que de celui de ses proches, et que l’analyse des interactions entre les différentes représentations permet un dialogue thérapeutique fécond.
Fantôme, traces et trauma. De la douleur du deuil à l'expression d'un trauma encrypté
Authors: Condamin Christine , Diere Coralie 
Published: January 2014

En prenant l’exemple d’une première rencontre avec une fillette de huit ans, les auteurs montrent comment l’expression graphique et narrative peut être analysée selon les processus propres au rêve, en rapport avec le mouvement associatif, suscité lors de la relation transférentielle et comment celle-ci suscite aussi diverses associations, comme autant de jalons qui ont marqué son histoire ; certains deuils, traumas précoces et/ou transgénérationnels peuvent même, parfois, être allégués et revécus. Ce travail avec le dessin peut offrir, comme scène de l’inconscient, les conditions nécessaires à l’expression de traumas et d’angoisses jusqu’alors indicibles, impensables ou encryptés, et même de désirs jusque là occultés. Une première séance laisse parfois augurer d’un travail possible de restauration, de valorisation narcissique et de subjectivation, qui pourra s’effectuer au long des séances qui vont suivre.
Note de recherche. Le Grand Paris : vers une problématique de l'action métropolitaine
Authors: Bourdin Alain 
Published: January 2014

Le cas du Grand Paris constitue un passage à la limite à partir duquel on peut construire un idealtype de l’action métropolitaine. Celle-ci présente des caractéristiques spécifiques qui la distinguent fortement des types d’action habituellement étudiés dans les organisations, dans la sphère politique ou dans les mouvements sociaux. On insiste ici sur quatre dimensions, fortement illustrées par le Grand Paris et dont on s’efforce de montrer qu’elles structurent l’action métropolitaine : (1) les caractéristiques des acteurs et leurs modes de mobilisation et d’implication, (2) la régulation des coopérations par la référence au territoire, notion qui, dans le cas métropolitain, présente de grandes particularités, (3) les modalités spécifiques de la construction du sens donné à l’action et (4) la nature des objets (visés et réellement produits) de l’action, qui pose un ensemble de questions.
Behavioral Response of Bats to Passive Integrated Transponder Tag Reader Arrays Placed at Cave Entrances
Authors: Britzke Eric R. , Gumbert Mark W. , Hohmann Matthew G. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
An increasingly popular mark–recapture method to study the ecology of bats is the use of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. Deployment of PIT reader arrays at entrances to caves and mines can yield insight into bat behavior during swarming, winter activity, and emergence. This application has the potential to address questions about bat activity at cave and mine entrances in response to white-nose syndrome or bat seasonal movements; however, no studies have examined the response of bats to these arrays. We describe bat response to placement of PIT tag reader arrays using camcorders and supplemental infrared illuminators at three cave entrances near Bloomington, Indiana, during spring 2006. A random subset of 5-min periods was viewed and bat behavior was classified. Circling represented &gt;70% of all behavior noted for two caves but only represented approximately 30% of behavior at the third cave. Proportions of observed activity that resulted in contacts or landings were consistently low across the three caves (x̄  =  1.34%; range 0.5–3.0%), with most contacts causing bats to simply change course and fly away. Based on our observations, positioning reader PIT tag reader arrays at cave entrances to passively recapture PIT tags does not limit bat movements. However, video monitoring during initial sampling efforts of future projects should be conducted to verify appropriate placement and configuration of PIT tag reader arrays. This research provides data illustrating the lack of significant impact in using PIT tag reader arrays at cave entrances, thereby opening up the potential use of this technology to address issues of bats ecology that cannot be obtained with other marking techniques.
Infinite Families of A4-Sextic Polynomials
Authors: Ide Joshua , Jones Lenny 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIn this article we develop a test to determine whether a sextic polynomial that is irreducible overℚhas Galois group isomorphic to the alternating groupA4. This test does not involve the computation of resolvents, and we use this test to construct several infinite families of such polynomials.
Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty after 2 Previously Rejected Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Keratoplasties
Authors: Bee Carson R. , Chamberlain Winston D. 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To report on a patient with a welding flash burn with subsequent scarring and edema who twice underwent femtosecond laser-assisted keratoplasty (FLAK). Both grafts failed due to endothelial decompensation. He subsequently underwent successful Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) under the second FLAK graft to decrease rejection risk and prevent further full-thickness keratoplasty. Methods: A 51-year-old man with a history of 2 FLAK procedures with subsequent graft failures likely from noncompliance with postoperative medications had diffuse microcystic edema with a visual acuity of counting fingers at 5 feet. The patient underwent DSAEK procedure 4 months after the second FLAK procedure. Results: No dehiscence occurred during second laser trephination of cornea. Sections of mild misalignment between the first and second FLAK graft trephinations were noted on optical coherence tomography. Post-DSAEK, the patient had a rapidly clearing, well-attached graft with mild temporal overlap of the graft-host interface. All sutures were removed from the overlying FLAK graft by 3 months after DSAEK (7 months after repeat FLAK). At 9 months post-DSAEK, the patient's uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 20/30. Conclusions: Early secondary femtosecond laser trephination after first FLAK is possible even if the second graft is misaligned. A crescent remnant of the original graft was well-healed into the host cornea 7.5 months after the original surgery. The 3-month-old second FLAK graft was able to support a DSAEK surgery and rapid postoperative visual recovery. All sutures were removed from the cornea by 7 months after the second FLAK surgery.
Non—Contact Lens Use—Related Acanthamoeba Keratitis in Southern Turkey: Evaluation of Risk Factors and Clinical Features
Authors: Erdem Elif , Evcil Yusuf , Yagmur Meltem , Eroglu Fadime , Koltas Soner , Ersoz Reha 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic methods, risk factors, and clinical features of Acanthamoeba keratitis cases in patients who do not wear contact lenses. Methods: Medical records of 26 consecutive patients with non—contact lens—related Acanthamoeba keratitis, who were followed up at the tertiary eye care center between May 2010 and May 2012, were analyzed. Laboratory, demographic, and clinical findings were evaluated pertaining to the patients. Results: Twenty-six non—contact lens—related Acanthamoeba keratitis cases were included in the study. The main risk factors were trauma (group 1, n = 13 patients) and ocular surface disease (group 2, n = 12 patients). One patient had both of the risk factors mentioned above. Overall test results showed that Acanthamoeba positivity rates were 15.3% for direct microscopy, 46.1% for culture, 92.3% for conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and 100% for real-time PCR. The rates of full-thickness corneal involvement and ring-shaped infiltrations were higher in group 2, whereas superficial keratitis and radial keratoneuritis were higher in group 1. The final visual acuities were significantly better in group 1 than group 2 (p<0.025). Conclusions: This study is the first regional report from Turkey about Acanthamoeba keratitis in non—contact lens users. A majority of cases admitted to a tertiary eye care center were related to trauma or ocular surface disease. Physician suspicion is critically important for the timely diagnosis of these cases. At this point, molecular diagnostic tests (PCR or real-time PCR) seem to support the clinical diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis with the help of fast and reliable results.
Intraoperative and Postoperative Corneal Thickness Change after Collagen Crosslinking Therapy
Authors: Hassan Ziad , Modis Laszlo , Szalai Eszter , Berta Andras , Nemeth Gabor 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: To assess intraoperative and postoperative changes in corneal thickness subsequent to riboflavin-UVA (collagen crosslinking [CXL]) treatment. Methods: Forty-one eyes of 41 patients (mean age 27.97 ± 6.97 years) were treated with CXL technique. During treatment, isotonic riboflavin was instilled and corneal thickness measurements were obtained at the cornea apex, the thinnest point, and the pupil center at 15 and 30 minutes, then 3 days, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery using Pentacam HR and an ultrasound pachymeter. Results: A decrease in corneal thickness was detected 15 minutes intraoperatively with a value of 108.95 ± 48.6 μm, and 112.35 ± 47.3 μm at 30 minutes (p<0.001). Three days after the operation, no deviation was found from the initial values (p = 0.17). No further changes were detected during the follow-up period. Conclusions: Isotonic riboflavin solution used during CXL treatment resulted in a significant decrease in corneal thickness, but its effect had disappeared by postoperative day 3.
Retractor Plication versus Retractor Plication and Lateral Tarsal Strip for Eyelid Entropion Correction
Authors: Ranno Stefano , Sacchi Matteo , Gilardi Daniela , Lembo Andrea , Nucci Paolo 
Published: January 2014

Purpose: Involutional entropion is a common lower lid malposition. Addressing both the horizontal and the vertical lower eyelid laxity in patients with involutional entropion seems to have a more long-lasting effect on maintaining lower eyelid stability; however, there is some disagreement as to which approach is the best surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to determine differences in the surgical outcome of Jones retractor plication (JRP) alone versus Jones retractor plication with a lateral tarsal strip (JRP + LTS) for the treatment of involutional entropion. Methods: A retrospective case series comparison of 118 patients with primary involutional lower eyelid entropion was performed. Jones retractor plication alone was performed in 61 patients, and JRP + LTS in 57 patients. The baseline characteristics of the 2 groups were similar. Patients were retrospectively evaluated from a retrospective case-note review 3 weeks and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postoperatively. Successful surgery was defined as a normal eyelid position. Results: A total of 115 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 60 in the JRP group and 55 in the JRP + LTS group. Ten patients (16.5%) in the JRP group and 2 patients (3.5%) in the JRP + LTS group had a recurrence of the entropion at or before their 24-month follow-up visit (p = 0.03). Conclusions: These data provide strong evidence that the success rate at 24 months is higher in patients treated with the JRP + LTS procedure compared with JRP alone.