bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of twinning and maternal age with major structural birth defects in Utah, 1999 to 2008
Authors: Rider Renee A. , Stevenson David A. , Rinsky Janice E. , Feldkamp Marcia L. 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDTwinning is a risk factor for birth defects. Using population‐based data from the Utah Birth Defect Network and the Utah Department of Health Vital Records, we investigated whether twinning increases the risk of major structural birth defects in live‐born opposite‐sex (OS) and same‐sex (SS) twins as proxies for monozygotic and dizygotic twins, respectively. We also assessed whether maternal age modified the association between twinning and birth defects.METHODSAll resident live‐born singleton (n = 492,143) and twin (n = 13,596) infants issued a Utah birth certificate and delivered from 1999 through 2008 were included. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each birth defect using unconditional logistic regression.RESULTSBirth defects were slightly more likely to occur in SS (aOR = 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.70–2.21) than OS (aOR = 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.27–1.90) twins. The aORs stratified by maternal age did not show a trend for any twin type when calculated for all birth defects combined. However, trends were observed for coarctation, pyloric stenosis, and shaft or penoscrotal hypospadias in OS twins; microcephaly, anotia/microtia, conotruncal defects, membranous ventricular septal defects, pyloric stenosis, all hypospadias, and craniosynostosis in SS twins; and tetralogy of Fallot, right ventricular outflow tract obstructions, renal agenesis/hypoplasia, and craniosynostosis in all twins.CONCLUSIONAll twin types have an increased risk for birth defects compared with singletons. SS twins have the highest risk, presumably due to the influence of monozygotic twins. The risk for birth defects in twins was not significantly modified by the mother's age. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:554‐563, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Candidate gene association study implicates p63 in the etiology of nonsyndromic bladder‐exstrophy‐epispadias complex
Authors: Qi Lihong , Wang Mei , Yagnik Garima , Mattheisen Manuel , Gearhart John P. , lakshmanan Yegappan , Ebert Anne‐Karolin , Rösch Wolfgang , Ludwig Michael , Draaken Markus , Reutter Heiko , Boyadjiev Simeon A. 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDBladder‐exstrophy‐epispadias complex (BEEC) is a severe congenital anomaly that represents a spectrum of urological abnormalities where parts or all of the distal urinary tract fail to close during development. Multiple lines of evidence strongly suggested p63 as a plausible candidate gene. We conducted a candidate gene association study to further investigate the role of p63 in human BEEC.METHODSWe conducted a family‐based association study of p63 using 154 Caucasian patients with nonsyndromic BEEC and their unaffected parents. High throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was carried out using Illumina's Golden Gate Assay for 109 selected tagging SNPs localized within p63 with a minor allele frequency > 0.01. Individual and haplotype SNP transmission disequilibrium tests were conducted using Plink and Haploview, respectively. We also examined parent‐of‐origin effects using paternal asymmetry tests implemented in FAMHAP (http://famhap.meb.uni‐bonn.de/index.html).RESULTSNominally significant associations were identified between BEEC and six SNPs (rs17447782, rs1913720, rs6790167, rs9865857, rs1543969, rs4687100), and four haplotype blocks including or near these significant SNPs. Analysis of parent‐of‐origin effects showed significant results for seven SNPs (rs4118375, rs12696596, rs6779677, rs13091309, rs7642420, rs1913721, and rs1399774). None of these results remained significant after multiple testing correction.CONCLUSIONThe altered transmission of p63 variants in nonsyndromic BEEC patients may be suggestive of its involvement in the disease etiology. Further and large multi‐institutional collaborative studies are required to elucidate the role of p63 in nonsyndromic BEEC. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 97:759–763, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wellenausbreitung in bewehrten Feinbetonpaneelen
Authors: Weber Wolfgang , Curbach Manfred 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDie Schutzwirkung von bewehrten Feinbetonpaneelen bei dynamischen Einwirkungen bereits im Bemessungsprozess ausreichend genau einzuschätzen, ist eine Aufgabe von hoher Bedeutung und Aktualität. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist die analytische Beschreibung der Wellenausbreitung in einem solchen Bauteil, welches mit Stahlfasergelegen verstärkt ist. Das analytische Modell kann entsprechende experimentelle Untersuchungen begleiten und darüber hinaus an numerische Methoden gekoppelt werden. Es ist damit geeignet, die (Weiter‐)Entwicklung von Regelwerken zur Bemessung von Feinbetonpaneelen unter stoßartigen Einwirkungen aktiv zu begleiten. In einem ersten Schritt der Modellbildung erfolgt eine Beschränkung auf die Behandlung von Scherwellen. Ausgangspunkt ist ein mechanisches Modell, welches die einzelnen Bewehrungselemente einschließlich des Übergangsbereichs zur homogenen Feinbetonmatrix separat abbildet. Die hierdurch entstehenden Differentialgleichungen werden anschließend analytisch gelöst. Den im Bauwesen inhärenten Abweichungen vom geplanten Soll‐Zustand wird beispielhaft dadurch Rechnung getragen, dass die Dicke dieses Übergangsbereichs als Zufallsgröße modelliert wird. Die sich hierdurch ergebenden Auswirkungen auf die Wellenausbreitung werden anschließend aufgezeigt und bewertet.Wave propagation within panels made of FRCProperly estimating the protective effect of slender walls made of fine‐grained concrete under dynamic loading is a major task in civil engineering. The aim of this contribution is to analytically describe the wave propagation in such a structural element reinforced with steel fibres. The analytical model may be an addendum to experimental studies and can be coupled to numerical methods. In a first step of modelling shear waves are dealt with. Within the mechanical model every reinforcement element is treated as a single inclusion surrounded by a so‐called interphase embedded in a homogeneous matrix of fine‐grained concrete. The differential equations resulting from this mechanical model are then solved analytically. In civil engineering praxis structural elements produced on‐site regularly differ from the intended configuration. These deviances are exemplarily taken into account by modelling the thicknesses of the interphases surrounding the reinforcement elements as random variables. The consequences of this consideration to the wave propagation are presented and evaluated.
Innovative kritische Infrastrukturen mit Hochleistungsbetonen: Auslegungsmethoden gegen Flugzeuganprall
Authors: Riedel Werner , Nöldgen Markus , Stolz Alexander , Wassmann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2013

AbstractFlugzeuganprall wird als außergewöhnliche Einwirkung für stark exponierte kritische Infrastrukturen wie Kernkraftwerke oder sehr große Hochhäuser in Betracht gezogen. Der Beitrag stellt die Entwicklung und Validierung neuer Bauwerkskonzepte auf Basis von Hochleistungsbetonen (HPC, UHPC) vor. Als Beispiele dienen ein Hochhaus [1, 2] und ein externes Schutzbauwerk für bestehende Kernkraftwerke [3, 4], bei denen jeweils der Einsatz von Hochleistungsbetonen die Entwicklung innovativer Tragwerke ermöglicht. Die Methoden des Zwei‐Massen‐Schwingers (ZMS) und Finite‐Elemente‐Methoden in der Struktur‐ und Kurzzeitdynamik werden zusammen mit publizierten und eigenen Validierungsexperimenten [5, 6] benützt, um die Grenzdicke (ultra‐)hochfester, faserbewehrter Stahlbetonbauteile zu ermitteln und somit zentrale Sicherheitszonen der Gebäude vor Brand und Trümmerflug zu schützen.Innovative critical infrastucture with high performance concrete: design against aircraft impactAircraft impact is taken into account as exceptional load case for exposed critical infrastructure such as nuclear plants and super‐rise buildings. This contribution introduces the development and validation of new building concepts based on high performance concretes (HPC, UHPC). A high‐rise building [1, 2] and a superstructure for existing nuclear power plants [2, 3] serve as examples with high performance concretes allowing innovative designs. The design methods “Two‐Degree‐of‐Freedom Model” (TDOF, in German ZMS) and Finite Element Methods for transient and structural dynamics are used together with own validation experiments [5, 6] to derive the limit thicknesses of (ultra) high performance concrete elements with fiber reinforcement, protecting the vital zones of the buildings against impact and fire.
Zuverlässigkeit innerhalb der Auslegung von Stahlbetonplatten unter Explosionsbelastung nach Eurocode
Authors: Bach Andreas , Stolz Alexander , Nöldgen Markus , Thoma Klaus 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBei der Bemessung von Stahlbetonbauteilen gegenüber Explosionsereignissen werden zurzeit lediglich subjektive oder pauschale Sicherheiten berücksichtigt. Es ist zurzeit ungeklärt, welche Sicherheit für diese besondere Belastungsart innerhalb der Bemessung gewährleistet wird. Es wurde ein an Stoßrohrversuchen validiertes Einmassenschwinger‐Modell mit Zuverlässigkeitsanalysen erster Ordnung verknüpft. Diese Verknüpfung erlaubt es, die vorhandenen Sicherheiten innerhalb der Bemessung zu ermitteln. Die Ergebnisse belegen ein Defizit innerhalb der Auslegung hinsichtlich der nach Eurocode 0 (EC0) geforderten Zuverlässigkeit.Reliable design of reinforced concrete plates against explosive actions in accordance with the EurocodeWithin the design of reinforced concrete against explosive threats only a subjective or a lump safety is currently considered. Therefore the established safety is unknown. For the estimation of the existing safety of present approaches the SDOF approach has been linked to the first order reliability method, which allows for a derivation of the given reliability. Hereby it could be proven that the considered safety is, compared to the claimed reliability of the Eurocode (EC0), deficient.
Beton und Stahlbetonkonstruktionen unter Explosion und Impakt
Authors: Gebbeken Norbert , Hübner Max , Larcher Martin , Michaloudis Georgios , Pietzsch Achim 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit hochdynamischen Einwirkungen auf das Material Beton und auf Stahlbetonkonstruktionen. Zunächst werden die Grundlagen zu den hochdynamischen Einwirkungen Explosion und Impakt kurz beschrieben. Materialien verhalten sich unter diesen Einwirkungen anders als unter statischen Einwirkungen, weshalb auf die Materialmodellierung eingegangen wird. Verfahren der Strukturdynamik können bei Einwirkungen, die lediglich über Millisekunden wirken, gar nicht oder nur in Ausnahmefällen eingesetzt werden. Die sogenannten Hydrocodes sind hier besser geeignet. Anschließend wird gezeigt, wie Stahlbetonkonstruktionen im baulichen Schutz eingesetzt und dimensioniert werden. Um die Anforderungen an die Schutzelemente zu erfüllen, ist die konstruktive Durchbildung von besonderer Bedeutung. Hierfür werden Beispiele aufgeführt.Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Explosion and ImpactThe present paper deals with high dynamic loads acting on concrete material and on reinforced concrete structures. First the explosion and impact events are described briefly. The behavior of materials subjected to high speed loading is different from the behavior under static loads. Therefore concrete material modeling will be shown. Methods of structural dynamics can usually not be applied because high dynamic loads only act over a time period of milliseconds. Therefore a class of hydrocodes will be used. Further the design of reinforced concrete structures which are subjected to explosion and impact is presented. In order to meet the design requirements the corresponding structural detailing has to be considered. Examples will be presented.
A two‐electrode system‐based electrochemiluminescence detection for microfluidic capillary electrophoresis and its application in pharmaceutical analysis
Authors: Pan Jianbin , Chen Zuanguang , Yao Meicun , Li Xinchun , Li Yinbao , Sun Duanping , Yu Yanyan 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTA two‐electrode configuration powered by batteries was designed for a microchip capillary electrophoresis–electrochemiluminescence system. A home‐made working electrode for end‐column mode detection and wall‐jet configuration was made up of a platinum wire (0.3 mm diameter) and a quartz capillary (320 µm internal diameter). The platinum wire served as a pseudoreference electrode. The configuration of the detection power supply comprised two D‐size batteries (connected in series), a switch, and an adjustable resistor. The microchip consisted of two layers: the bottom layer was a glass sheet containing injection and separation channels; the upper layer was polydimethylsiloxane block. In order to reduce the loss of electrochemiluminescence signal, a coverslip (0.17 mm thickness) was used as the floor of the detection reservoir. The performance of the system was demonstrated by separation and detection of atropine, anisodamine and proline. The linear response for proline ranged from 5 µm to 100 µm (r = 0.9968), and the limit of detection was 1.0 µm (S/N = 3). The system was further applied to the measurement of atropine in atropine sulfate injection solutions with the limit of detection 2.3 µm. This new system is a potential tool in pharmaceutical analysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunopathological effects of malaria pigment or hemozoin and other crystals
Authors: Tyberghein Ariane , Deroost Katrien , Schwarzer Evelin , Arese Paolo , Van den Steen Philippe E. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBlood‐stage malaria parasites produce insoluble hemozoin (Hz) crystals that are released in the blood circulation upon schizont rupture. In general, endogenous crystal formation or inhalation of crystalline materials is often associated with pathology. As the immune system responds differently to crystalline particles than to soluble molecules, in this review, the properties, immunological recognition, and pathogenic responses of Hz are discussed, and compared with two other major pathogenic crystals, monosodium urate (MSU) and asbestos. Because of the size and shape of MSU crystals and asbestos fibers, phagolysosomal formation is inefficient and often results in leakage of lysosomal content in the cell cytoplasm and/or in the extracellular environment with subsequent cell damage and cell death. Phagolysosomal formation after Hz ingestion is normal, but Hz remains stored inside these cells for months or even longer without any detectable degradation. Nonetheless, the different types of crystals are recognized by similar immune receptors, involving Toll‐like receptors, the inflammasome, antibodies, and/or complement factors, and through similar signaling cascades, they activate both proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory immune responses that contribute to inflammation‐associated pathology. BioFactors, 40(1):59–78, 2014
Solvent specific persistence length of molecular type I collagen
Authors: Lovelady Heather H. , Shashidhara Satish , Matthews W. Garrett 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTType I collagen is a fibril‐forming protein largely responsible for the mechanical stability of body tissues. The tissue level properties of collagen have been studied for decades, and an increasing number of studies have been performed at the fibril scale. However, the mechanical properties of collagen at the molecular scale are not well established. In the study presented herein, the persistence length of pepsin digested bovine type I collagen is extracted from the conformations assumed when deposited from solution onto two‐dimensional surfaces. This persistence length is a measure of the flexibility of the molecule. Comparison of the results for molecules deposited from different solvents allows for the study of the effect of the solutions on the flexibility of the molecule and provides insight into the molecule's behavior in situ. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 101: 329–335, 2014.
Anxiety type modulates immediate versus delayed engagement of attention‐related brain regions
Authors: Spielberg Jeffrey M. , De Leon Angeline A. , Bredemeier Keith , Heller Wendy , Engels Anna S. , Warren Stacie L. , Crocker Laura D. , Sutton Bradley P. , Miller Gregory A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundHabituation of the fear response, critical for the treatment of anxiety, is inconsistently observed during exposure to threatening stimuli. One potential explanation for this inconsistency is differential attentional engagement with negatively valenced stimuli as a function of anxiety type.MethodsThe present study tested this hypothesis by examining patterns of neural habituation associated with anxious arousal, characterized by panic symptoms and immediate engagement with negatively valenced stimuli, versus anxious apprehension, characterized by engagement in worry to distract from negatively valenced stimuli.ResultsAs predicted, the two anxiety types evidenced distinct patterns of attentional engagement. Anxious arousal was associated with immediate activation in attention‐related brain regions that habituated over time, whereas anxious apprehension was associated with delayed activation in attention‐related brain regions that occurred only after habituation in a worry‐related brain region.ConclusionsResults further elucidate mechanisms involved in attention to negatively valenced stimuli and indicate that anxiety is a heterogeneous construct with regard to attention to such stimuli.
High‐throughput cognitive assessment using BrainTest.org: examining cognitive control in a family cohort
Authors: Sabb Fred W. , Hellemann Gerhard , Lau Deanna , Vanderlan Jessica R. , Cohen Heather J. , Bilder Robert M. , McCracken James T. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding the relationship between brain and complex latent behavioral constructs like cognitive control will require an inordinate amount of data. Internet‐based methods can rapidly and efficiently refine behavioral measures in very large samples that are needed for genetics and behavioral research. Cognitive control is a multifactorial latent construct that is considered to be an endophenotype in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While previous studies have demonstrated high correlations between Web‐ and lab‐based scores, skepticism remains for its broad implementation.MethodsHere, we promote a different approach by characterizing a completely Web‐recruited and tested community family sample on measures of cognitive control. We examine the prevalence of attention deficit symptoms in an online community sample of adolescents, demonstrate familial correlations in cognitive control measures, and use construct validation techniques to validate our high‐throughput assessment approach.ResultsA total of 1214 participants performed Web‐based tests of cognitive control with over 200 parent–child pairs analyzed as part of the primary study aims. The data show a wide range of “subclinical” symptomatology in a web community sample of adolescents that supports a dimensional view of attention and also provide preliminary narrow‐sense heritability estimates for commonly used working memory and response inhibition tests.ConclusionsFinally, we show strong face and construct validity for these measures of cognitive control that generally exceeds the evidence required of new lab‐based measures. We discuss these results and how broad implementation of this platform may allow us to uncover important brain–behavior relationships quickly and efficiently.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Naturally‐Occurring Nanoporous Copper Sheet‐Silicate with 6482 Cages Related to Synthetic “CuSH” Phases.
Authors: Welch Mark D. , Rumsey Michael S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe structure of a new naturally‐occurring nanoporous copper silicate of formula Na2CaCu2Si8O20 ·H2O is reported and its relations to synthetic nanoporous, so‐called CuSH phases is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Resolution Structural Characterization of Two Layered Aluminophosphates by Synchrotron Powder Diffraction and NMR Crystallographies.
Authors: Bouchevreau Boris , Martineau Charlotte , Mellot‐Draznieks Caroline , Tuel Alain , Suchomel Matthew R. , Trebosc Julien , Lafon Olivier , Amoureux Jean‐Paul , Taulelle Francis 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe structures of (enH2)2 [Al5(OH)(PO4)3 (PO3OH)4]·2H2O and (enH2)2 [Al5(PO4)5(PO3OH)2] ·H2O are determined by powder synchrotron XRD and solid state NMR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: HgBrI: A Promising Nonlinear Optical Material in IR Region.
Authors: Wu Qi , Li Yanjun , Chen Huaichuan , Jiang Kui , Li Hua , Zhong Cheng , Chen Xingguo , Qin Jingui 
Published: August 2013

AbstractHgBrI is obtained by room temperature evaporation of an acetone solution containing HgBr2 and I2 in the molar ratio of 2:1.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structural and Magnetic Characterization of the Fluorinated Compound 15R‐BaFeO2F.
Authors: Clemens Oliver , Berry Frank J. , Bauer Jessica , Wright Adrian J. , Knight Kevin S. , Slater Peter R. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract15R‐BaFeO2F (I) and 15R‐BaFeO2.27F0.5 (II) are prepared by low temperature fluorination of the precursor 15R‐BaFeO3‐dF0.2 (III) using polyvinylidenedifluoride as a fluorination agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Synthesis of p‐Type Zn‐Doped α‐Fe2O3 Nanotube Arrays for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.
Authors: Qi Xiaopeng , She Guangwei , Wang Meng , Mu Lixuan , Shi Wensheng 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe title nanotube arrays are prepared on transparent conductive substrates by anodic electrodeposition using ZnO nanorod arrays as sacrificial template and Zn source, and aqueous FeCl2 solution as the electrolyte (75 °C, pH 4.0).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of [N(CH3)4]2O3SOSO2(s) and [N(CH3)4]2 [(O2SO)2SO2]·SO2(s) Containing (SO4)(SO2)x2‐ x = 1, 2, Members of a New Class of Sulfur Oxydianions.
Authors: Bruna Pablo , Decken Andreas , Grein Friedrich , Passmore Jack , Rautiainen J. Mikko , Richardson Stephanie , Whidden Tom 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCompound (III) is characterized by IR and Raman spectroscopy, and quantum chemical DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Oxytelluride: Perovskite and CsCl Intergrowth in Ba3Yb2O5Te.
Authors: Whalen J. B. , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSingle crystals of the title compound are obtained from a Ba flux containing Te and yttria (molar ratio 20:1:2; stainless steel crucible in evacuated quartz ampoule, 1000 °C, 20 h; slow cooling to 600 °C and separation of the crystals from the flux by centrifugation).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Orthorhombic Mo and V Based Complex Oxides Coordinating Alkylammonium Cation in Its Heptagonal Channel and Their Application as a Catalyst.
Authors: Ishikawa Satoshi , Murayama Toru , Ohmura Shunpei , Sadakane Masahiro , Ueda Wataru 
Published: August 2013

Abstract(MeNH3)6Mo7O24 (I), (Me2NH2) 2Mo3O10·H2O (II), (Me3NH)2Mo3O10 (III), (Et‐NH3)2Mo3O10 (IV), Pr‐NH2(Pr‐NH3)6Mo7O24 (V), (enH2)Mo3O10·H2O (VI), (NH3‐CH2‐CH (Me)‐NH3)Mo3O10·H2O (VII), and (NH3‐ (CH2)3‐NH3) Mo3O10·H2O (VIII) are obtained by evaporation of aqueous solutions containing MoO3 and the respective alkylamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Chemical Bonding of CaFe2‐xRhxSi2 (x = 0, 1.32, and 2) and SrCo2Si2.
Authors: Hlukhyy Viktor , Hoffmann Andrea V. , Faessler Thomas F. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCaFe2Si2 (I), CaFe0.68Rh1.32Si2 (II), CaRh2Si2 (III) and SrCo2Si2 (IV) are obtained from melts of the elements under Ar.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Catalyzed Mannich‐Type Reaction of Enolizable Cyclic 1,3‐Dicarbonyls to Acyclic Nitrones: An Entry to Functionalized β‐Enamino Diones.
Authors: Cordaro Massimiliano , Risitano Francesco , Scala Angela , Rescifina Antonio , Chiacchio Ugo , Grassi Giovanni 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe advantages of the new title synthesis are the mild conditions, simple work‐up, and the straightforward access to important synthetic intermediates.