bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Inequalities in Urban Adolescents: Role of Physical Activity, Diet, and Genetics
Authors: Ortega Francisco B. , Ruiz Jonatan R. , Labayen Idoia , Martínez-Gómez David , Vicente-Rodriguez Germán , Cuenca-García Magdalena , Gracia-Marco Luis , Manios Yannis , Beghin Laurent , Molnar Dénes , Polito Angela , Widhalm Kurt , Marcos Ascensión , González-Gross Marcela , Kafatos Anthony , Breidenassel Christina , Moreno Luis A. , Sjöström Michael , Castillo Manuel J. 
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE:
Coordinated European projects relying on standardized methods are needed to identify health inequalities across Europe. This study aimed to compare fitness, fatness, and cardiometabolic risk between urban adolescents from the south and center-north of Europe and to explore whether physical activity (PA) and other factors might explain these differences.

METHODS:
The Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence cross-sectional project comprised 3528 adolescents from the south (4 cities) and central-north (6 cities) of Europe, 1089 of whom provided blood samples for analysis. Fitness (strength, speed-agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness), total and abdominal fatness (anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance), and cardiometabolic risk (z scores including fitness, fatness, blood lipids, insulin resistance, and blood pressure) were assessed. The analyses were adjusted for socioeconomic factors, objectively measured PA (accelerometry), total energy intake and diet quality, and genetic variants of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism.

RESULTS:
Adolescents from southern Europe were less fit and fatter according to all markers (P &lt; .001). Differences in cardiometabolic risk scores were not consistent. Adolescents from the south were less active and this would largely explain the differences observed in speed-agility and cardiorespiratory fitness. Differences in total and abdominal fatness could not be explained by PA, energy intake, diet quality, or FTO rs9939609 polymorphism.

CONCLUSIONS:
Fitness and fatness levels indicate that urban adolescents from the south are less healthy than those from central-northern Europe. Our data suggest that differences in PA might explain differences in important health-related fitness components, yet factors explaining the differences in fatness encountered remain unknown.
The Effect of the Interaction Between Podisus nigrispinus and Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on the Reproductive Biology of the Predators of Agroforestry Pests
Authors: Guanabens REM , Serbão J E , Zanuncio T V , Zanuncio J C 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
To effectively reduce agroforestry pest populations, two or more species of their natural predators, rather than only one, could be released. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) and Brontocoris tabidus (Signoret) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) are significant pest predators; however, these natural enemies can interact negatively, thereby decreasing the efficacy of biological control. The aim of this research was to study the effect of increasing the density of B. tabidus on the reproduction of P.nigrispinus and vice versa. The number of eggs per egg masses, nymphs, and longevity of P. nigrispinus decreased when the number of B. tabidus females increased. Furthermore, the egg viability was &gt;75% with one, two, three, and four B. tabidus females; however, with five females, the viability of the P.nigrispinus eggs dropped below 70%. The number of egg masses of P. nigrispinus was similar with increasing density of B. tabidus and, even at low density, P. nigrispinus reduced reproduction of B.tabidus. P. nigrispinus and B. tabiclus often occur simultaneously in the field; these predators can coexist without any reproductive damage to any species when both are at low density.
Polarization Microscopy and Topochemistry of the Cocoon ofLithurgus chrysurus(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
Authors: Rozen Jerome G , Mello Maria Luiza S 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe cocoon of Lithurgus chrysurus Fonscolobe, a univoltine species belonging to the megachilid subfamily Lithurginae, was studied using polarization microscopy and topochemical methods. The aim of the study was to establish the composition and structure of the cocoon wall of this bee in comparison with reported data for other species of this subfamily. The cocoon was found to be composed by macromolecularly oriented, positively birefringent silk protein layers that acquire a complex and thicker multilayered distribution at its rear zone. Although the composition and distribution of the silk threads in this species' cocoon was considered similar to the previously described patterns for other lithurgine bees, the absence of a mucous layer, typically produced by Malpighian tubules, differed from reported data for other species of the same subfamily.
Numerical Investigations of Effect of Indoor Air Quality on Thermal Comfort in Residential Buildings
Authors: Krzaczek M. , Tejchman J. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The influence of the CO2 concentration in a local air zone in naturally ventilated residential houses on the residents’ behaviour was numerically investigated. A numerical two-dimensional CFD model of the indoor zone based on experiments performed by the authors was used. Different resident locations in the fluid domain and different inlet velocities imposed by wind were considered in simulations. The overall thermal comfort and IAQ indices were also calculated. The investigations results show that in contrast to the overall air quality, the local CO2 was strongly dependent upon the resident location, fresh air inlet velocity and ventilation system type.
Investigation on Corroded Hss Tubular Members under Compression Strengthened with CFRP Composites
Authors: Sundarraja M.C. , Sriram P. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The main objective of this investigation is to assess the feasibility of strengthening of corroded (damaged) square hollow steel tubular sections subjected to compression and to develop or predict the suitable wrapping scheme of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) to enhance the structural behaviour of it. For this study, compact mild steel tubes were used with the main variable being FRP characteristics. Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) fabrics was used as horizontal strips (lateral ties) with other parameters such as the number of layers and spacing of strips. Among fourteen specimens, six were externally bonded by CFRP strips having a constant width of 50mm with a spacing of 20mm and the remaining six were externally bonded by CFRP strips having a constant width of 70mm with a spacing of 20mm, two columns were unbonded. Experiments were undertaken until the failure of columns to fully understand the influence of FRP characteristics on the compressive behaviour of the square sections including their failure modes, axial stress-strain behaviour, enhancement in the load carrying capapcity, and effect of distribution of CFRP layers. Finally, the behaviour of externally bonded hollow tubular sections was compared with one another and also with the control specimens. Evaluation of the results will lead to optimum CFRP jacketing/ wrapping arrangements for the steel tubes considered here.
Apnea in preterm newborns: determinants, pathophysiology, effects on cardiovascular parameters and treatment
Authors: Haskova K , Javorka K , Javorka M , Matasova K , Zibolen M 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Apnea, especially in preterm newborns (AoP) is one of the common problems encountered at neonatal units.
Numerous factors are likely to play a role in the etiology of apnea. Recent data sugest a role for genetic predisposition
of AoP. It seems, that physiological rather than pathological immaturity of the respiratory, or cardiorespiratory
control, play a major part in the pathophysiology of AoP. Immaturity of the brainstem, cerebral cortex, receptors
of the lungs and the airways as well as of the chemoreceptors contribute to the development of apnea in
preterm newborns. Several neurotransmitters (GABA, adenosin, endorphins) and their maturational changes are
including in pathogenesis of apnea, too. The instability of the upper airway in preterm infants, asynchrony of musculature
of the upper airway and diaphragm, pathological changes in the upper airway and malformations of the
central nervous system might also contribute to the occurrence and severity of AoP.
In newborns, apnea occurs more frequently in active sleep than in quiet sleep and the frequency of apnea
in active sleep is higher in the warm conditions. Durations of apnea correlate with the body heat loss.
Cardiovascular changes during apnea - bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction and various changes in
peripheral blood flow and pressure occur together with changes in ECG. The standard clinical management of
apnea includes non-pharmacological treatment (eliciting arousal reactions and reflex breathing by mechanical
skin, or mucosa stimulations), pharmacological treatment (methylxanthines are preferred) and application of continuous
positive airway pressure (CPAP) or in severe apnea - mechanical ventilation.
Oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of pine and cypress litter in selected habitats of Sicily (Italy)
Authors: Seniczak Stanisław , Seniczak Anna 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Oribatid mites live in the soil or plant matter and usually feed on living and dead plant or fungal material, lichens, carrion, or some species are rarely predatory. Oribatid communities were investigated in litter under pine and cypress trees in selected locations in Sicily: Etna slopes (near Rifugio Sapienza and near Castiglione di Sicily), coastal town Giardini Naxos, Archaeological Museum in Agrigento, and Archaeological Park in Sagesta. The most abundant and diverse oribatid mites lived in cypress litter in Agrigento and on Etna slope. The lowest numbers of individuals and species were recorded in pine litter in Agrigento. In the oribatid mite communities, only 1-3 species were abundant, so the values of Shannon H’ index, and Pielou EPielou and Hurlbert EHurlbert evenness indices were rather low. Their values were the highest in pine litter near Rifugio Sapienza, located nearest to the crater of Etna, while the lowest in pine litter in Agrigento. The former habitat was rich in oribatid mites and species, with a large participation of small species, like Suctobelbella subcornigera, Brachychthonius impressus, and Liochthonius simplex, which made up nearly 63% of the total number of oribatid mites within that habitat. In other habitats, usually Oribatula propinqua dominated, but in pine and cypress litter in Giardini Naxos, Oppiella nova and Ramusella clavipectinata were the most abundant, respectively. Among oribatid mites, adults usually dominated, but Adrodamaeus femoratus, Aphelacarus acarinus, Brachychthonius impressus, Liochthonius simplex, Cosmochthonius reticulatus, Metabelba pulverulenta and Pilogalumna crassiclava were rich in juveniles.
Moss mites (Acari, Oribatida) at the edges of bog lakes and pools in Brodnica Lakeland and Orawa–Nowy-Targ Basin (Poland)
Authors: Seniczak Anna , Seniczak Stanisław , Mistrzak Marcin , Nowicka Anna , Krasicka-Korczyńska Ewa 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Moss mites were investigated at the edges of 4 bodies of water located in bogs: 2 lakes in Brodnica Lakeland (O and S) and 2 pools in Orawa-Nowy-Targ Basin (K and LP). The lakes differed from the pools in most of the analysed physicochemical parameters of water and in plant associations growing at their edges. Consequently, the species richness of Oribatida and their species composition differed between lakes and pools, but the total abundance of mites was similar. Abundance of most species was low, and only 13 had dominance indices (D) exceeding 1%. The acarofauna of both lakes was similar, as most abundant in them was Limnozetes foveolatus (D > 80%), and relatively abundant were Hydrozetes longisetosus, Limnozetes ciliatus, Punctoribates sellnicki, and Trhypochthonius nigricans. These species were absent or rare at the edges of pools K and LP. In the pools, differences in species structure of Oribatida were observed. At pool K, Trimalaconothrus maior was most abundant, accompanied by Hydrozetes octosetosus, H. lacustris, and Limnozetes foveolatus. At pool LP, Trimalaconothrus foveolatus was most abundant, which tolerates a wider range of humidity than T. maior; relatively abundant were also T. maior, Hydrozetes lacustris, and several species that were not found in the other bodies of water, including a generalist like Oppiella nova. In this study, Liochthonius furcillatus and Cultroribula berolina were recorded for the first time from Poland.
ROLE OF THE CYP1A2 GENE POLYMORPHISM ON EARLY AGEING FROM OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
Authors: Eshkoor Sa. , Ismail P. , Rahman Sa. , Moin S. , Adon My. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT The ageing process is influenced by many internal and external factors. The toxic substances in the environment can cause genomic damages to cells, which increase the risk of early ageing. Furthermore, the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) gene polymorphism is a susceptibility factor and may enhance the risk of DNA damage in cells. The current study was carried out to show whether occupational exposure could cause genotoxicity in cells carrying the CYP1A2 gene polymorphism, thus enhancing the likelihood of early ageing. This study was conducted on mechanical workshop workers and a control group by collecting buccal cells from their mouths. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) was used to identify the CYP1A2 gene polymorphism in the cells. In addition, three extra methods including micronuclei (MN) test, comet assay and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) were applied to determine the effects of gene polymorphisms on DNA damage and ageing from occupational exposure. The results showed that DNA damage in the cells carrying the mutated genotype was higher than the wild genotype. In addition, the difference in MN frequency (p = 0.001) and relative telomere length (p = 0.002) between workers and controls was significant (p <0.05) in the mutated genotype. The findings indicated a possible protective effect of gene polymorphism against early ageing, which was characterized by lack of a significant influence of CYP1A2 gene polymorphism on genetic material in the subjects (p >0.05). It was concluded that the CYP1A2 gene could be a contributing factor to prevent early ageing from occupational exposure.
Diagnostic value of combinations of symptoms of migraine and tension-type headache included in the diagnostic criteria for children and adolescents in the international classification of headache disorders 2nd edition
Authors: Pacheva Iliyana H. , Milanov Ivan G. , Ivanov Ivan S. , Stefanov Rumen S. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
AIM: To suggest diagnostic combinations of symptoms for migraine and tension type headache (TTH), and for differentiation of overlapping headache (classified as either migraine or TTH) through evaluation of the diagnostic value of combinations of characteristics included in the International Headache Society diagnostic criteria for migraine and TTH in children and adolescents.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study comprised an epidemiological school-based study (412 of 1029 pupils with chronic / recurrent headache) and a clinical study conducted in the Pediatric Neurology Ward and outpatient clinic at Plovdiv Medical University Hospital (203 patients with chronic / recurrent headache). An inclusion criterion was at least two episodes of headache during the last year. Exclusion criteria were: headache occurring only during acute infections; withdrawal of informed consent. Headache was classified according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 2nd edition (ICHD-II) The diagnostic value of all combinations of items in criteria C and D for migraine and TTH was measured by sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratio.
RESULTS: The combination “unilateral location, severe intensity, aggravation by physical activity” had 100% specificity for migraine. The combination “bilateral location, pressingtightening
quality, mild intensity, no aggravation by physical activity” had 100% specificity for TTH. The combinations: “migrainous location, severe intensity, aggravation by physical
activity”, “severe intensity, nausea”, “pulsating quality, nausea”, “pulsating quality, migrainous
location, aggravation by physical activity” seemed to pose the greatest risk for developing migraine. These combinations - “no nausea, no photophobia”, “bilateral location, mild intensity and either no aggravation by physical activity or pressing-tightening quality, or no nausea or no photophobia” increased the most the TTH risk. Using these combinations as additional criteria for overlapping headache we classi ed 50% of overlapping headache as TTH and 8.3% as migraine.
CONCLUSIONS: Some combinations of symptoms clarify the diagnosis of migraine and TTH. More than 50% of overlapping headache could be differentiated as TTH or MWA by the proposed combinations.
Cystic fibrosis and celiac disease - multifaceted and similar
Authors: Genkova Nelly D. , Yankov Ivan V. , Bosheva Miroslava N. , Anavi Benjamin L. , Grozeva Dafina G. , Dzhelepova Nadezhda G. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
Celiac disease and cystic fibrosis share a number of clinical manifestations. The comorbidity rate of these diseases is low: 1:200000. We present a case of a child aged 1 year and 5 months, born to a mixed-marriage parents, with concomitant cystic fibrosis and celiac disease manifesting initially with chronic diarrhea. Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was made on the basis of changes in pulmonogram and three positive sweat tests with the malabsorption managed. Celiac disease was demonstrated through immunological tests (serological test of anti-transglutaminase antibodies of IgA class), histological tests (altered duodenal mucosa) and the therapeutic effect of a gluten-free diet.
This case is the first ever reported case of a child with concomitant cystic fibrosis and celiac disease in Bulgaria. The case suggests the need for targeted screening for celiac disease in children with cystic fibrosis.
Study of the reasons for heterogeneity in feldspar-quartz material after firing
Authors: Lewicka Ewa , Franus Wojciech 
Published: March 2014

Streszczenie
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań dwóch pastylek uformowanych z surowców skaleniowo- -kwarcowych o różnym uziamieniu i składzie chemicznym, na powierzchni których po wypaleniu w 1200°C ujawniły się różnej wielkości (odpowiednio 7-8 i 500-600 \im) ciemne wrostki o meta- licznym połysku. W celu identyfikacji mineralogicznej tych niejednorodności oraz ustalenia przyczyn ich zróżnicowania przeprowadzono badania metodą mikroskopii scanningowej (SEM/EDS) oraz obserwacje mikroskopowe w świetle przechodzącym i odbitym. Badania te pozwoliły na powiązanie genezy powstania wrostków ze składem mineralnym i chemicznym próbek w stanie surowym, a zwłaszcza udziałem w nich faz żelazistych. Jako główną fazę mineralną budującą wrostki zidenty- fikowano hematyt. Wysnuto przypuszczenie, że powstanie jego skupień w procesie wypalania mogło być skutkiem rozpadu minerałów będących nośnikami żelaza (biotyt, chloryt) oraz wydzielenia z powstałego stopu wtórnej, skoncentrowanej żelazonośnęj fazy mineralnej. Różnicę wielkości wytrąceń autorzy wiążąz różnym uziamieniem surowców wykorzystanych do sporządzenia pastylek. Istnienie zależności pomiędzy wielkością ziaren a stopniem spieczenia i jednorodnością tworzywa ceramicznego po wypaleniu potwierdzają opublikowane badania innych autorów. Optymalne roz- drobnienie surowców stosowanych zwłaszcza w procesie szybkiego wypalania mas ceramicznych ma kluczowe znaczenie dla uzyskania tworzywa pozbawionego niepożądanych wrostków, o zwartej mikrostrukturze i wymaganych parametrach.
Managing cognitive dissonance: experience from an environmental education teachersí training course in the Czech Republic
Authors: Cincera Jan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This paper presents a qualitative evaluation of seven in-service environmental education teacher training courses conducted in the Czech Republic in 2009-2011. The evaluation applied a grounded theory approach. 14 focus groups, 13 interviews and two postprogramme questionnaires were used. The evaluation describes a process of managing cognitive dissonance between the participants' concepts of effective teaching and environmental education and concepts presented by the courses. The paper discusses the strategies applied by the course managers for facilitating a conflict and defensive mechanisms used by the participants. The paper also discusses the implication of this experience for future courses
Competitiveness and quality of higher education: graduates' evaluation
Authors: Bikse Veronika , Rivža Baiba , Latvian Ieva Brence 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to find the competitiveness of Latvian university graduates in Latvia and the European Union labour market concerning aspects of entrepreneurship education. To achieve the purpose of this study to determine the competitive and qualitative levels of Latvian universities and necessary improvements that need to be made, a survey of 4,909 graduates (from the years 2006-2011) representing six Latvia universities was performed between November-December, 2011. Results indicate that, in general, the graduates consider themselves competitive in the Latvian labour market. The graduates have positive opinions concerning the quality of theoretical knowledge as well as the abilities to present information and to evaluate, analyse and systematise it. At the same time, there are serious improvements that are necessary in regard to entrepreneurship education and to increase the competitiveness of Latvian universities, which can be done by improving the quality of the study process, the content of courses, teaching (learning) methods and the attitudes of academic staff to better motive students to develop their skills emphasising the practical side of the study process
Remember Gerhard Richter in the Thunderstorm of Beethoven: The Influence of Cross-Sensory Coupling on Memory, Intercultural Communication, and the Verbalization of Paintings and Sounds
Authors: Martinez Emilie 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This interdisciplinary study focuses on the perception and verbalization of messages conveyed through instrumental music, soundscapes, and contemporary paintings. International young-adult university students learning German participated in a series of experiments conducted at Friedrich Schiller University in Jena, Germany. To incorporate globalization and cultural difference into this analysis, the author compared the reactions of Western and Asian participants to auditory and visual stimuli. This paper explores the concepts of mixed media, cross-sensory coupling, and esthetic synesthesia, and throws new light on the contribution of cross-sensory coupling to verbalization and to long-term memory processes, from encoding to retrieval. In addition, the author demonstrates how intercultural communication is based upon universal emotions aroused by contemporary paintings, instrumental music and soundscapes.