bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the manganese-dependent interaction between a transcription factor and its corresponding DNA: insights from gas-phase electrophoresis on a nES GEMMA instrument
Authors: Leščić Ašler Ivana , Radman Katarina , Jelić Matošević Zoe , Bertoša Branimir , Weiss Victor U. , Marchetti-Deschmann Martina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractManganese ion homeostasis is vital for bacteria and is achieved via manganese-dependent transcription factors. Manganese mediation of transcription factor attachment to the corresponding oligonucleotide sequences can be investigated, e.g. via electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). Formation of specific biocomplexes leads to differences in the migration pattern upon gel electrophoresis. Focusing on electrophoresis in the gas-phase, applying a nano electrospray gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analyzer (nES GEMMA) also known as nES differential mobility analyzer (nES DMA), and on transcription factors (MntR proteins) from Bacillus subtilis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we took interest in the gas-phase electrophoresis of the corresponding biospecific complexes. We compared nES GEMMA, separating analytes in the nanometer regime (a few to several hundred nm in diameter) in the gas-phase in their native state according to particle size, to EMSA data. Indeed we were able to demonstrate manganese-mediated attachment of MntR to target genomic sequences with both analytical techniques. Despite some inherent pitfalls of the nES GEMMA method like analyte/instrument surface interactions, we were able to detect the target complexes. Moreover, we were able to calculate the molecular weight (MW) of the obtained species by application of a correlation function based on nES GEMMA obtained data. As gas-phase electrophoresis also offers the possibility of offline hyphenation to orthogonal analysis techniques, we are confident that nES GEMMA measurements are not just complementary to EMSA, but will offer the possibility of further in-depth characterization of biocomplexes in the future.
Graphical Abstract
Role of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in VEXAS syndrome
Authors: Dias Ajoy L. , Groarke Emma M. , Hickstein Dennis , Patel Bhavisha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) is a newly diagnosed syndrome comprising severe systemic inflammatory and hematological manifestations including myelodysplastic syndrome and plasma cell dyscrasia. Since its discovery four years ago, several groups have identified pleomorphic clinical phenotypes, but few effective medical therapies exist which include Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors, interleukin inhibitors (IL-1 and IL-6), and hypomethylating agents. Prospective trials are lacking at this time and most patients remain corticosteroid dependent. VEXAS has a high morbidity from frequent life threatening inflammatory symptoms and risk of progression to hematological malignancies and has an overall survival of 50% at 10 years. Allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) is a curative option for this disease caused by somatic mutations in the UBA1 gene. Here we outline the role of allo-HCT in treating patients with VEXAS syndrome, highlighting the outcomes from several single-institution studies and case reports. Prospective trials will be required to precisely define the role of allo-HCT in the management of VEXAS syndrome.
Bioimpedance analysis of fat free mass and its subcomponents and relative associations with maximal oxygen consumption in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
Authors: Crisafulli Oscar , Bottoni Giorgio , Lacetera Jessica , Fassio Federico , Grattarola Luca , Lavaselli Emanuela , Giovanetti Giuseppe , Tupler Rossella , Negro Massimo , D’Antona Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Fat free mass (FFM) is considered the metabolically active component of human body and is positively associated with maximal oxygen uptake (

$${\text{VO}}_{2} {\text{max}}$$

VO
2

max

). However, FFM is composed of metabolically active and inactive subcomponents whose proportion can vary depending on body composition and clinical condition, possibly affecting such association. Although it is known that in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) peculiar changes in body composition occur, it is unclear whether there are alterations in FFM composition and, if so, whether such alterations affect the association towards

$${\text{VO}}_{2} {\text{max}}$$

VO
2

max

compared to healthy subjects (HS).

Methods
To address this issue, 27 FSHD patients (mean age 37.3; 9 female) and 27 sex and age matched HS, underwent an assessment of

$${\text{VO}}_{2} {\text{max}}$$

VO
2

max

by cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) and body composition, with reference to FFM and its subcomponents, by bioimpedance analysis.

Results
In between-groups comparison, patients showed lower amounts of body cell mass (BCM) and intracellular water (ICW) which reflect in lower BCM/FFM ratio and higher extracellular to intracellular water ratio (ECW/ICW). Patients’

$${\text{VO}}_{2} {\text{max}}$$

VO
2

max

was lower than HS and, even if with lower associative values than HS, correlated with FFM and BCM, while BCM/FFM and ECW/ICW ratios associations were observed only in HS.

Conclusion
FSHD patients showed lower amount of BCM and ICW. BCM resulted as the parameter with the highest associative value with VO2max in both groups. Since

$${\text{VO}}_{2} {\text{max}}$$

VO
2

max

is associated with functional ability in dystrophic patients, BCM, rather than FFM, could be an additional body composition-based clinical stratification factor.
Innexin expression and localization in the Drosophila antenna indicate gap junction or hemichannel involvement in antennal chemosensory sensilla
Authors: Prelic Sinisa , Keesey Ian W. , Lavista-Llanos Sofia , Hansson Bill S. , Wicher Dieter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOdor detection in insects is largely mediated by structures on antennae called sensilla, which feature a strongly conserved architecture and repertoire of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and various support cell types. In Drosophila, OSNs are tightly apposed to supporting cells, whose connection with neurons and functional roles in odor detection remain unclear. Coupling mechanisms between these neuronal and non-neuronal cell types have been suggested based on morphological observations, concomitant physiological activity during odor stimulation, and known interactions that occur in other chemosensory systems. For instance, it is not known whether cell–cell coupling via gap junctions between OSNs and neighboring cells exists, or whether hemichannels interconnect cellular and extracellular sensillum compartments. Here, we show that innexins, which form hemichannels and gap junctions in invertebrates, are abundantly expressed in adult drosophilid antennae. By surveying antennal transcriptomes and performing various immunohistochemical stainings in antennal tissues, we discover innexin-specific patterns of expression and localization, with a majority of innexins strongly localizing to glial and non-neuronal cells, likely support and epithelial cells. Finally, by injecting gap junction-permeable dye into a pre-identified sensillum, we observe no dye coupling between neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Together with evidence of non-neuronal innexin localization, we conclude that innexins likely do not conjoin neurons to support cells, but that junctions and hemichannels may instead couple support cells among each other or to their shared sensillum lymph to achieve synchronous activity. We discuss how coupling of sensillum microenvironments or compartments may potentially contribute to facilitate chemosensory functions of odor sensing and sensillum homeostasis.
Lymph node ratio prognosticates overall survival in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer
Authors: Naidu K. , Chapuis P. H. , Connell L. , Chan C. , Rickard M. J. F. X. , Ng K-S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Lymph node ratio (LNR) is suggested to address the shortcomings of using only lymph node yield (LNY) or status in colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis. This study explores how LNR affects survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), seeking to provide clearer insights into its application.

Methods
This observational cohort study investigated stage IV patients with CRC (1995–2021) who underwent an upfront resection of their primary tumour at Concord Hospital, Sydney. Clinicopathological data were extracted from a prospective database, and LNR was calculated both continuously and dichotomously (LNR of 0 and LNR > 0). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The associations between LNR and various clinicopathological variables were tested using regression analyses. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses estimated OS in univariate and multivariate survival models.

Results
A total of 464 patients who underwent a primary CRC resection with clear margins (mean age 68.1 years [SD 13.4]; 58.0% M; colon cancer [n = 339,73.1%]) had AJCC stage IV disease. The median LNR was 0.18 (IQR 0.05–0.42) for colon cancer (CC) resections and 0.21 (IQR 0.09–0.47) for rectal cancer (RC) resections. A total of 84 patients had an LNR = 0 (CC = 66 patients; RC = 18 patients). The 5-year OS for the CC cohort was 10.5% (95% CI 8.7–12.3) and 11.5% (95% CI 8.4–14.6) for RC. Increasing LNR demonstrated a decline in OS in both CC (P < 0.001) and RC (P < 0.001). In patients with non-lymphatic dissemination only (LNR = 0 or N0 status), there was better survival compared with those with lymphatic spread (CC aHR1.50 [1.08–2.07;P = 0.02], RC aHR 2.21 [1.16–4.24;P = 0.02]).

Conclusions
LNR is worthy of consideration in patients with mCRC. An LNR of 0 indicates patients have a better prognosis, underscoring the need for adequate lymphadenectomy to facilitate precise mCRC staging.
Current status and future perspectives of contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnosis of breast lesions
Authors: Ito Toshikazu , Manabe Hironobu , Kubota Michiyo , Komoike Yoshifumi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdvances in various imaging modalities for breast lesions have improved diagnostic capabilities not only for tumors but also for non-tumorous lesions. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) plays a crucial role not only in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions, identification of sentinel lymph nodes, and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis but also in assessing the therapeutic effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). In CEUS, two image interpretation approaches, i.e., qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, are employed and applied in various clinical settings. In this paper, we review CEUS for breast lesions, including its various applications.
Sick of Leading? Supervisory Responsibility and Its Consequences for Sickness Absenteeism and Sickness Presenteeism
Authors: Funk Stephanie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research examines the impact of leadership positions with supervisory responsibility on two labor-market related health behaviors—sickness absenteeism and sickness presenteeism, i.e., working while being sick. Drawing on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, this study posits that supervisory responsibility, serving as both a job resource and a demand, reduces sickness absenteeism while concurrently increasing sickness presenteeism behavior. The study identifies permanent availability and time pressure as two key aspects of leadership positions with supervisory responsibility that mediate these relationships. Using German-linked employer-employee data, the empirical results suggested that having supervisory responsibility reduces sickness absenteeism while at the same time elevating the engagement in sickness presenteeism. Furthermore, these relationships are partially mediated by leaders’ need for permanent availability and the time pressure inherent in positions with supervisory responsibility. This research advances our understanding of job characteristics of leadership positions by illustrating that job demands can yield favorable outcomes, offering valuable insights into the complex interplay between leadership positions and leaders’ health behaviors.
Central bank independence, income inequality and poverty: What do the data say?
Authors: Sturm Jan-Egbert , Bodea Cristina , de Haan Jakob , Hicks Raymond 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper examines whether the independence of central banks is related to income inequality and poverty. Following the 2008 financial crisis, independent central banks have been criticized that their actions contribute to an unequal income distribution. Yet, the case can also be made that such independence is orthogonal to income inequality or can even help mitigate it. As proxies for inequality, we employ five-year averages of the Gini coefficient and the poverty gap. Our database consists of a large set of countries, covering a long period. Our fixed effects panel estimates suggest that—despite many claims to the contrary—there is neither a robust relationship between central bank independence and the Gini coefficient nor between independence and the poverty gap. Several robustness checks (using alternative proxies for income inequality and central bank independence, interaction effects, quantile and cross-section regressions) confirm our finding.
Synergistic Anti-Dermatophytic Potential of Nanoparticles and Essential Oils Combinations
Authors: Sayed Mohsen A. , Ghazy Nahla. M. , El-Bassuony Asmaa A. H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConventional antifungal therapies becoming less effective in treating dermatophytic infections. For this reason, researchers are looking for alternative treatments. The current research has tested the antifungal efficacy of eight novel synthesized metallic nanoparticle compounds: Ag0.49Cr2.51O4, Ag0.99Fe1.01O3, CoLa0.019Fe1.981O4, Co0.99Fe1.99O4, Ag0.99Cr1.01O2, Ca0.99Fe1.99O4, CoBi0.019Fe1.981O4, and Cu0.99Fe1.99O4 were synthesized by a flash auto-combustion reaction to evaluate synergistic potential of the Np’s exhibited antifungal activity in combination with Cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, tea tree and thyme essential oils extracted by soxhlet method against Microsporum canis, Trichophyton tonsurans, T. violaceum, T. verrucosum, and Epidermophyton floccosum. Four nanoparticle compounds exhibited antifungal activity which were: Ag0.49Cr2.51O4, Ag0.99Fe1.01O3, CoLa0.019Fe1.981O4, and Co0.99Fe1.99O4 against all tested dermatophytes. Maximum inhibition was recorded in the cases of Ag0.99Fe1.01O3, Ag0.99Fe1.01O3 + cinnamon against M.canis. Least minimum inhibitory concentrations were attained by Cinnamon against M. canis, Ag0.99Fe1.01O3 against M.canis, T. tonsurans, and T.violaceum, Ag0.99Fe1.01O3+Cinnamon against M. canis, T. violaceum and, T. verrucosum, Ag0.99Fe1.01O3 + Clove, and Ag0.99Fe1.01O3 + Lemongrass against M. canis. The study showed promising results regarding the synergistic antifungal efficacy of nanoparticle compounds combined with essential oils in the cases of Ag0.99Fe1.01O3 with cinnamon, Ag0.99Fe1.01O3 with clove and Ag0.99Fe1.01O3 with lemon grass against all tested dermatophytes.
Wood-derived biochar as a matrix for cost-effective and high-performing composite thermal energy storage materials
Authors: Kouchachvili Lia , Gagnon-Caya Guillaume , Djebbar Reda 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
High energy storage density, affordability, and environmental friendliness are the key requirements for materials used in thermal energy storage systems. A new composite thermal energy storage material (TESM) with all these requirements was fabricated by utilizing a biochar matrix. Biochar was derived from the slow pyrolysis of forestry residues, an abundant source of underutilized biomass in Canada. The results of this experimental study indicate that the carbonization conditions of the biomass affect the structure and surface morphology of the biochar and consequently its thermal properties. Amongst the carbonization conditions that were investigated in this study, a peak temperature of 800 °C with a heating rate of 2.5 °C/min yielded a biochar with an energy storage capacity of 508 J/g. This biochar was then used as a matrix for fabricating the composite TESM with salt hydrate. The composite showed high thermal stability after ten hydration/dehydration cycles with an average thermal energy storage capacity of 3795 J/g. The cost of thermal energy storage in this composite was found to be $0.50 CAD /kWhth.
Mourre theory and spectral analysis of energy-momentum operators in relativistic quantum field theory
Authors: Kruse Janik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA central task of theoretical physics is to analyse spectral properties of quantum mechanical observables. In this endeavour, Mourre’s conjugate operator method emerged as an effective tool in the spectral theory of Schrödinger operators. This paper introduces a novel class of examples from relativistic quantum field theory that are amenable to Mourre’s method. By assuming Lorentz covariance and the spectrum condition, we derive a limiting absorption principle for the energy-momentum operators and provide new proofs of the absolute continuity of the energy-momentum spectra. Moreover, under the assumption of dilation covariance, we show that the spectrum of the relativistic mass operator is purely absolutely continuous in$$(0,\infty )$$(0,∞).
Anticausatives in transitive guise
Authors: Schäfer Florian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article discusses verbs of change that allow a formally transitive construal that, nevertheless, has anticausative semantics. Verbs forming such “transitive anticausatives” (e.g., The water raised its temperature) also form canonical anticausatives (cf. The temperature of the water rose). Such verbs differ from verbs that only form canonical anticausatives (cf. The water warmed) in that they do not lexicalize a fixed scale along which they measure change, so that the DP merged in the internal argument position of these verbs (a DP denoting a property concept like the temperature) can determine the actual scale of change. When these verbs form canonical anticausatives, the entity undergoing change along this scale is realized as the possessor of this internal argument DP. When these verbs form transitive anticausatives, the entity undergoing the change is realized in the verb’s canonical external argument position, where it is, however, not assigned any external argument role. Instead, as in the canonical anticausative variant, it is interpreted as the possessor of the internal argument DP. This possessive relation is overtly reflected in English and other languages where the subject of the transitive anticausative construal binds a possessive pronoun in the internal argument DP. After an illustration of the phenomenon in typologically different languages, the article lays out the above semantic properties of the transitive anticausative construal and the verbs occurring in it. It then subsumes transitive anticausatives under the theory of the causative alternation in Alexiadou et al. (2006, 2015) and Schäfer (2008). Particular attention is, thereby, given to the morphological marking that sets apart, in many languages, the lexical causative and the anticausative variant of (a subset of) alternating verbs (cf. English raise/rise). Transitive anticausatives show a theoretically challenging but informative behavior here. Even though the transitive anticausative construal expresses anticausative semantics, its verb necessarily features the morphological marking that is canonically associated with its lexical causative use. This suggests that the morphological difference often found between pairs of lexical causative and anticausative verbs is only indirectly related to causative and anticausative semantics but is ultimately determined by more abstract, syntactic properties.
Could low prolactin levels after radiotherapy predict the onset of hypopituitarism?
Authors: Mele Chiara , Pigni Stella , Caputo Marina , Birtolo Maria Francesca , Ciamparini Carola , Mazziotti Gherardo , Lania Andrea Gerardo Antonio , Marzullo Paolo , Prodam Flavia , Aimaretti Gianluca 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBoth local and external cranial radiotherapy (RT) can induce neurotoxicity and vascular damage of the hypothalamic-pituitary area, which can promote neuroendocrine alterations. While anterior pituitary insufficiency after RT has been extensively characterized, data on the effect of RT on prolactin (PRL) secretion are limited and heterogeneous, with different patterns of PRL behavior described in the literature. A progressive decline in PRL levels, reflecting a time-dependent, slowly evolving radiation-induced damage to the pituitary lactotroph cells has been reported. To date, the association between hypopituitarism and hypoprolactinemia in patients undergoing RT has not yet been fully investigated. The few available data suggest that lower PRL levels can predict an extent damage of the pituitary tissue and a higher degree of hypothalamic dysfunction. However, most studies on the effect of RT on pituitary function do not properly assess PRL secretion, as PRL deficiency is usually detected as part of hypopituitarism and not systematically investigated as an isolated disorder, which may lead to an underestimation of hypoprolactinemia after RT. In addition, the often-inadequate follow-up over a long period of time may contribute to the non-recognition of PRL deficiency after RT. Considering that hypoprolactinemia is associated with various metabolic complications, there is a need to define appropriate diagnostic and management criteria. Therefore, hypoprolactinemia should enter in the clinical investigation of patients at risk for hypopituitarism, mainly in those patients who underwent RT.
Mass Spectrometer Experiment for a Uranus Probe
Authors: Vorburger Audrey , Wurz Peter , Helled Ravit , Mousis Olivier 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUranus distinguishes itself from other planets in the Solar System with a range of remarkable attributes, including a magnetosphere with a unique configuration, its quiescent atmosphere, its heating imbalance, its dense and narrow rings, and its unusually dark and tectonically processed icy satellites. Yet no mission to date has investigated either this ice giant or Neptune from up close. A Uranus Orbiter and Probe has thus been identified as the highest-priority new NASA Flagship mission for initiation in the decade 2023–2032. One invaluable instrument on a Uranus probe is a mass spectrometer experiment that analyzes the planet’s chemical composition in situ in real-time during the probe’s descent through the atmosphere. The selection of a mass spectrometer experiment is profoundly driven by the scientific questions the mission seeks to address and necessitates the accurate measurements of crucial elements including their isotope ratios. In addition to fulfilling the posed science requirements, the chosen experiment must adhere to stringent constraints such as mass, power, and size limitations while also prioritizing speed, simplicity of operation, a high level of reliability, and a completely autonomous operation. Here, we offer a succinct overview of the scientific rationale driving the Uranus probe mission, exploring various potential configurations for the mass spectrometer experiment, detailing instruments that complement a mass spectrometer, and discussing key factors that influence the mission’s profile. We also address the possibility of a collaborative effort between NASA and ESA, which could play a pivotal role in ensuring the successful development of this groundbreaking mission.