bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PML risk stratification using anti-JCV antibody index and L-selectin
Authors: Schwab Nicholas , Schneider-Hohendorf Tilman , Pignolet Béatrice , Spadaro Michela , Görlich Dennis , Meinl Ingrid , Windhagen Susanne , Tackenberg Björn , Breuer Johanna , Cantó Ester , Kümpfel Tania , Hohlfeld Reinhard , Siffrin Volker , Luessi Felix , Posevitz-Fejfár Anita , Montalban Xavier , Meuth Sven G , Zipp Frauke , Gold Ralf , Du Pasquier Renaud A , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Jacobi Annett , Comabella Manuel , Bertolotto Antonio , Brassat David , Wiendl Heinz 
Published: October 2015

Background: Natalizumab treatment is associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) development. Treatment duration, prior immunosuppressant use, and JCV serostatus are currently used for risk stratification, but PML incidence stays high. Anti-JCV antibody index and L-selectin (CD62L) have been proposed as additional risk stratification parameters. Objective: This study aimed at verifying and integrating both parameters into one algorithm for risk stratification. Methods: Multicentric, international cohorts of natalizumab-treated MS patients were assessed for JCV index (1921 control patients and nine pre-PML patients) and CD62L (1410 control patients and 17 pre-PML patients). Results: CD62L values correlate with JCV serostatus, as well as JCV index values. Low CD62L in natalizumab-treated patients was confirmed and validated as a biomarker for PML risk with the risk factor “CD62L low” increasing a patient’s relative risk 55-fold ( p < 0.0001). Validation efforts established 86% sensitivity/91% specificity for CD62L and 100% sensitivity/59% specificity for JCV index as predictors of PML. Using both parameters identified 1.9% of natalizumab-treated patients in the reference center as the risk group. Conclusions: Both JCV index and CD62L have merit for risk stratification and share a potential biological relationship with implications for general PML etiology. A risk algorithm incorporating both biomarkers could strongly reduce PML incidence.
Cytokine overproduction and crosslinker hypersensitivity are unlinked in Fanconi anemia macrophages
Authors: Garbati Michael R , Hays Laura E , Rathbun R Keaney , Jillette Nathaniel , Chin Kathy , Al-Dhalimy Muhsen , Agarwal Anupriya , Newell Amy E Hanlon , Olson Susan B , Bagby Grover C 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The Fanconi anemia proteins participate in a canonical pathway that repairs cross-linking agent-induced DNA damage. Cells with inactivated Fanconi anemia genes are universally hypersensitive to such agents. Fanconi anemia-deficient hematopoietic stem cells are also hypersensitive to inflammatory cytokines, and, as importantly, Fanconi anemia macrophages overproduce such cytokines in response to TLR4 and TLR7/8 agonists. We questioned whether TLR-induced DNA damage is the primary cause of aberrantly regulated cytokine production in Fanconi anemia macrophages by quantifying TLR agonist-induced TNF-α production, DNA strand breaks, crosslinker-induced chromosomal breakage, and Fanconi anemia core complex function in Fanconi anemia complementation group C-deficient human and murine macrophages. Although both M1 and M2 polarized Fanconi anemia cells were predictably hypersensitive to mitomycin C, only M1 macrophages overproduced TNF-α in response to TLR-activating signals. DNA damaging agents alone did not induce TNF-α production in the absence of TLR agonists in wild-type or Fanconi anemia macrophages, and mitomycin C did not enhance TLR responses in either normal or Fanconi anemia cells. TLR4 and TLR7/8 activation induced cytokine overproduction in Fanconi anemia macrophages. Also, although TLR4 activation was associated with induced double strand breaks, TLR7/8 activation was not. That DNA strand breaks and chromosome breaks are neither necessary nor sufficient to account for the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines by Fanconi anemia cells suggests that noncanonical anti-inflammatory functions of Fanconi anemia complementation group C contribute to the aberrant macrophage phenotype and suggests that suppression of macrophage/TLR hyperreactivity might prevent cytokine-induced stem cell attrition in Fanconi anemia.
At the Bench: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) highlight novel aspects of innate immune system involvement in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Grayson Peter C , Kaplan Mariana J 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The putative role of neutrophils in host defense against pathogens is a well-recognized aspect of neutrophil function. The discovery of neutrophil extracellular traps has expanded the known range of neutrophil defense mechanisms and catalyzed a discipline of research focused upon ways in which neutrophils can shape the immunologic landscape of certain autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus. Enhanced neutrophil extracellular trap formation and impaired neutrophil extracellular trap clearance may contribute to immunogenicity in systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases by promoting the externalization of modified autoantigens, inducing synthesis of type I IFNs, stimulating the inflammasome, and activating both the classic and alternative pathways of the complement system. Vasculopathy is a central feature of many autoimmune diseases, and neutrophil extracellular traps may contribute directly to endothelial cell dysfunction, atherosclerotic plaque burden, and thrombosis. The elucidation of the subcellular events of neutrophil extracellular trap formation may generate novel, therapeutic strategies that target the innate immune system in autoimmune and vascular diseases.
Introducción: Hacia una mirada interaccional y multimodal de las políticas públicas educativas
Authors: Heras Ana Inés , Unamuno Virginia 
Published: October 2015

En este artículo destacamos los ejes que guiaron el trabajo de edición de un número especial de Archivos Analíticos de Política Pública Educativa, orientado a indagar en la relación entre prácticas cotidianas y políticas públicas educativas a través de estudios provenientes de la etnografía y sociolingüística. Destacamos por ello que los escritos presentados toman en cuenta tres premisas fundantes que conforman un programa metodológico y conceptual de base compartida: 1) que con el lenguaje se dice y se hace (el lenguaje es acción social); 2) que las normas vigentes son interpretadas y significadas por los miembros de sus instituciones en forma permanente y 3) que a su vez la acción social y las normas que le dan marco se inscriben en contextos multinivel y de temporalidades diversas. Tomando en cuenta estas cuestiones básicas, este volumen reúne escritos que permiten visualizar los modos específicos en que las políticas públicas son constantemente re-significadas por los actores sociales involucrados en sus respectivas comunidades educativas en países como México, Argentina, Brasil y Reino Unido, a través de su acción cotidiana, inscripta en y con el lenguaje, en temporalidades que pueden analizarse a niveles sincrónicos y diacrónicos. Este artículo comenta qué permiten identificar para el campo específico los trabajos presentados, así como qué dejan planteado como ejes para continuar trabajando.
Tu es Petrus. Das Pontifikat Benedikts XVI. (2005-2013).
Authors: Kluting Harm 
Published: October 2015

Artykuł profesora historii Kościoła, który w wieku 62 lat został w 2011 roku przez kard. Jo- achima Meissnera z Kolonii wyświęcony na kapłana, stanowi podsumowanie doktrynalne i pasto- ralne całego pontyfikatu Benedykta XVI. Autor na początku opisuje swoje pierwsze spotkanie z kard. Josephem Ratzingerem i późniejszą korespondencję z Benedyktem XVI. Następnie z bó- lem ukazuje niezbyt życzliwą atmosferę w Niemczech po wyborze Ratzingera na papieża i w cza- sie jego pontyfikatu, co po 500 latach od wyboru na papieża Niemca powinno być szczególnym powodem do dumy.Analizę nauczania papieskiego zaczyna od krótkiego omówienia trylogii Jezusa z Nazaretu, a w dalszej kolejności encyklik Benedykta XVI Deus Caritas est i Spe salvi oraz Caritas in verita- te. Wspomina o 24 podróżach apostolskich Benedykta XVI, które odbył w czasie ośmiu lat swegopontyfikatu. Przedstawia założenia Roku Pawłowego, Kapłańskiego i Roku Wiary, połączonego ściśle z ideą nowej ewangelizacji, które zostały ogłoszone przez papieża. Do dorobku Benedykta należą też 44 kanonizacje i 105 beatyfikacji. Podkreśla szczególne zasługi papieża w dziedzinie dialogu międzyreligijnego i ekumenicznego. Ukazuje wkład refleksji papieskiej dla pogłębienia problematyki wolności religijnej. Wspomina też o cieniach tego pontyfikatu, do których zalicza przede wszystkim sprawę pedofilii w Kościele oraz aferę Vatileaks.
Early Substance Use and Subsequent DUI in Adolescents
Authors: Ewing Brett A. , Tucker Joan S. , Miles Jeremy N.V. , Shih Regina A. , Kulesza Magdalena , Pedersen Eric R. , D’Amico Elizabeth J. 
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE:
Little is known about risk factors in early adolescence that lead to driving under the influence (DUI) and riding with a drinking driver (RWDD). In a diverse group of adolescents, we longitudinally explored the influence of alcohol and marijuana (AM) use, AM beliefs, and peer and family factors (including familism) on DUI/RWDD in high school.

METHODS:
We conducted 3 surveys 2 years apart of 1189 students recruited from 16 middle schools in Southern California. We used multivariable models to evaluate the effects of AM use, AM beliefs, and peer and family factors at ages 12 and 14 on DUI/RWDD at age 16.

RESULTS:
At age 12, adolescents with more positive beliefs about marijuana (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–2.20) and more ability to resist marijuana offers (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.22–2.92) had significantly higher risk of DUI/RWDD 4 years later. At age 14, youth with more past month alcohol use (OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.07–4.11), positive beliefs about marijuana (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.31–2.13), exposure to peer AM use (alcohol: OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.02; marijuana: OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.28–4.53), and family marijuana use (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.12–2.11) had higher risk of DUI/RWDD at age 16.

CONCLUSIONS:
Findings indicate a need to target adolescents as young as sixth grade at multiple levels to help prevent DUI/RWDD in high school. Given recent changes in legislation in several states, research should begin to focus on the distinction between DUI/RWDD of AM.
ROLE OF DOPAMINE D1- AND D2-RECEPTORS IN THE DELTA1-OPIOIDERGIC IMMUNOSTIMULATION
Authors: Cheido M. A. , Gevorkyan M. M. 
Published: October 2015

The study has shown that activation of delta1-opioid receptors by a highly selective peptide agonist DPDPE (100 µg/kg) results in a significant increase of the immune response to antigen (SRBC, 5×108) in CBA mice. SCH-23390 (1 mg/kg), a selective antagonist of the postsynaptic dopamine D1-receptors, and selective D2-blocker haloperidol (1 mg/kg) prevented immunostimulating effect of DPDPE. Comparison of effects of the antagonists suggests that delta1-opioidergic immunostimulation has more significant impact due to involvement of dopamine D1-receptors.
A genotyping assay for missense mutation in WISP3 gene associated with childhood onset pseudorheumatoid arthropathy
Authors: Pojskic Lejla , Gavrankapetanovic Ismet , Lojo-Kadric Naida , Hadziselimovic Rifat , Bajrovic Kasim 
Published: October 2015

Introduction: Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder reported to be caused by gene alterations of the Wnt1-inducible signaling pathway protein 3 corresponding gene (WISP3) located on chromosome position 6q22. Up to date, there is only a handful of WISP3 mutations identified in Europe, whereas most mutations are identified in Asia and Middle East. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of genetic dissection of WISP3 associated with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Based on clinical examination findings (general manifestations, physical examination, characteristics of their bones on X-ray and laboratory results), an index patient was directed to WISP3 genotyping for confirmation of suspected diagnosis of PPD.Methods: DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. All 5 exons and their exon-intron boundaries of the WISP3 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced by Sanger method. Segregation analysis was done to confirm the familial carrier status.Results: A missense mutation (C223G) - homozygous T to G transition at c.667 in exon 4 was identified in index patient. This mutation changed codon CAG to TAG and resulted in a subsequent change of the cysteine to glycine codon. Same mutation was observed in both parents in heterozygous form confirming the familial segregation.Conclusion: Due to its nature, the identified mutation C223G in exon 4 in WISP3 gene is the most probably causative for PPD in described patient. Here we describe the PCR based method for genotyping of specific mutation in WISP3 gene. The identification of this mutation might be a valuable addition to a regional databases on rare genetic variant although a functional analysis should be performed to explain its pathological effect.
Selected Method of Diagnosing Aviation Ergatic Systems
Authors:   Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Aeronautics, Slovakia, Kurdel Pavol , Češkovič Marek , Nyulászi Ladislav , Adamčík František 
Published: October 2015

Insufficiency in showing errors in aviation ergatic system is understood to be a situation when there is no available information about the system or some of the board information is unreliable. With the use of the method of automatic diagnosis it is possible to analyse the symptoms of analytical redundancy. Residual differences, i.e. residuents, which are the final value expression of the consequences (effects) of function observation, which are measured on obtained mathematical model, are the keystones of this method. The content of the mathematical model application contains generator of residuents, i.e. signals, which carry the information about the incorrectness (errors) and aviation ergatic system (AES) failures.
Association Between Free Fatty Acid (FFA) and Insulin Resistance: The Role of Inflammation (Adiponectin and high sensivity C-reactive Protein/hs-CRP) and Stress Oxidative (Superoxide Dismutase/SOD) in Obese Non-Diabetic Individual
Authors: Sukmawati Indriyanti Rafi , Donoseputro Marsetio , Lukito Widjaja 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Obesity is highly related to insulin resistance, therefore, the increased number of obesity is followed by the increased prevalence of type 2 Diabetes Melitus. Obesity is associated with increased of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in muscle, liver and endothelial cells. The increase of ROS would lead to insulin resistance (IR) and increased proinflamatory protein. FFA plays an important role in IR by inhibiting muscle glucose transport and oxidation via effects on serin/threonine phosphorylation of IRS-1. The aim of this study was discover the existence of SOD, hs-CRP and and adiponectin levels towards the occurrence of insulin resistance which was caused by elevated level of FFA and to discover the interaction between SOD, hs-CRP and adiponectin in non diabetic obese adult male.METHOD: This was observational study with cross sectional design. There were 65 obese male non diabetic subjects and 45 non obese male non diabetic subjects who met the criteria. In this study, measurements were done on body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin, hs-CRP and SOD. Obese was defined as BMI >25 kg/m2, normal weight was defined as BMI 18.5-23 kh/m2 and Insulin Resistance was defined as HOMA-IR >1.RESULT: This study showed that Hypoadiponectinemia condition, decreased SOD level and high level of hs-CRP is associated with insulin resistance in obese non diabetic subject. Adiponectin and SOD were correlated negatively with insulin resistance in obese non diabetic (Adiponectin, r=-0.455, p<0.001; SOD, r=-0.262, p=0.003), hs-CRP was positively correlated with insulin resistance in obese non diabetic (r=0.592, p<0.001). FFA levels was increased in obese insulin resistance compared with non obese non insulin resistance. The Odds Ratio of Adiponectin, hs-CRP and SOD in this study was analyzed by logistic binary. The OR for SOD 3.6 (p=0.001), hs-CRP 9.1 (p<0.001) and Adiponectin 7.2 (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: This study suggested that FFA levels increased in obese insulin resistance as compared with non obese non insulin resistance. Hypoadiponectinemia, decreased SOD and elevated hs-CRP were associated with insulin resistance in obese non diabetic subjects.KEYWORDS: obesity, insulin resistance, FFA, SOD, hs-CRP, adiponectin
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21), Free Fatty Acid (FFA), High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hsCRP) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) Among Indonesian Obese Non-Diabetic Males
Authors: Lina Yani , Lawrence Gatot Susilo , Wijaya Andi , As'ad Suryani 
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) is known as an important endocrine and paracrine regulator of metabolic homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that FGF21 attenuates lipolysis in human adipocytes, which is suggested as a FGF21's mechanism as anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-hyperglycemia and anti-obesity. The aim of this study was to measure the correlation between FGF21, FFA, hsCRP and HOMA-IR among Indonesian obese non diabetic males.METHOD: The study was observational with cross sectional design. The analysis was done in 137 subjects aged 30-60 years with non diabetic abdominal obesity. We measured the biochemical markers FGF21, FFA, hsCRP, fasting insulin and fasting glucose. We also measured weight, height, waist circumrefence (WC), creatinine, serum glutamin oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Correlation between markers was measured using Pearson and Spearman's analysis. RESULT: There were significant positive correlations between FGF21-HOMA-IR (r=0.314, p=0.000); FGF21-WC (r=0.173, p=0.043); FFA=hsCRP (r=0.270, p=0.001); and WC-HOMA-IR (r=0.279, p=0.001). There was significant negative correlation between FGF21-FFA (r=-0.038, p=0.657) and FGF21-hsCRP (r=-0.061, p=0.482). CONCLUSION: In this study we found that although there was no significant correlation, FGF21 might act as an anti-lipolytic and anti-inflammation agent among Indonesian obese non-diabetic males. Our findings agree with results of previous studies that the positive correlation between FGF21-WC and FGF21-HOMA-IR moght occur as a compensatory mechanism or resistance to FGF21 in obesity.KEYWORDS: Obesity, FGF21, FFA, hsCRP, HOMA-IR
Competition‐mediated feedbacks in experimental multispecies epizootics
Authors: Dallas Tad , Hall Richard J. , Drake John M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCompetition structures ecological communities and alters host–pathogen interactions. In environmentally transmitted pathogens, an infection‐resistant competitor may influence infection dynamics in a susceptible species through the negative impacts of competition (e.g., by reducing host density or causing nutritional stress that increases susceptibility to infection) and/or the positive impacts of reducing transmission efficiency (e.g., by removing environmental pathogen stages). Thus, a non‐susceptible competitor may enhance, reduce, or have no net effect on susceptible host density and infection prevalence. Here, we couple an epidemiological model with experimental epidemics to test how resource competition with a non‐susceptible competitor (Daphnia pulicaria) influences fungal microparasite (Metschnikowia bicuspidata) infection dynamics in a susceptible host species (D. dentifera). Our model and experiments suggest that competitor density can mediate the direction and magnitude of the effect of competition on infection dynamics, with a peak in infection prevalence occurring at intermediate competitor densities. At low densities, the non‐susceptible competitor D. pulicaria may reduce infection prevalence in the susceptible host by removing fungal spores from the environment through feeding. However, when competitor density is increased and resources become limiting, D. pulicaria negatively impacts the susceptible host by increasing susceptible host feeding rates, and therefore fungal spore intake, and further by reducing susceptible host population size as it is driven toward competitive exclusion. In conclusion, these results show that a tradeoff between the competitor as a consumer of pathogen, which serves to reduce epidemic size, and as a modifier of susceptible host foraging ecology, which influences infection rates, may alternately enhance or dampen the magnitude of local epidemics.
Entre douleur et comportement, quelle place pour la représentation ?
Authors: Maupas Anne 
Published: October 2015

Il est fréquent, dans la clinique psychosomatique, de voir coexister chez un même patient un fonctionnement mental marqué par des défauts de représentation, des conduites agies et des somatisations. À partir de la clinique d’une patiente souffrant de fibromyalgie (douleurs diffuses) et présentant différents niveaux de fonctionnement allant du plus névrotique au plus comportemental, l’auteur s’interroge sur ces différents niveaux de mentalisation. À travers son vécu douloureux, cette patiente articule peu à peu le psychique et le somatique. À la faveur de la relation transférentielle, dans le cadre d’un travail de psychothérapie en institution, des remaniements psychiques ont pu s’opérer. L’abandon du fonctionnement en tout ou rien et l’accès à une plus grande passivité à permis au « corps-douloureux » de laisser la place à un « corps-plaisir ».
Accompagner le handicap à l’école
Authors: Ourghanlian Pascal 
Published: October 2015

L’enseignant référent est un enseignant spécialisé, du premier ou du second degré, qui, au sein de l’Éducation nationale et en interface entre le jeune et/ou ses parents, l’école et les services de soins, a en responsabilité d’assurer la cohérence et la continuité du parcours de scolarisation de l’élève reconnu en situation de handicap par une maison départementale des personnes handicapées ( mdph ). Les missions de l’enseignant référent peuvent se décliner selon six axes et/ou remplir six fonctions : d’animation, d’aide et conseil, d’information, de liaison, de mémoire et de veille. Sa pratique professionnelle est d’ accompagner , faisant entrer ce métier récent dans la cohorte des métiers du « travail sur autrui » au sens que François Dubet donne à cette expression. Cet article vise un rappel de la législation en vigueur quant à la scolarisation des élèves reconnus en situation de handicap du point de vue de l’enseignant référent et propose quelques vignettes d’une pratique en construction qui se doit de porter sur elle-même un regard réflexif et critique.
L’école pour tous n’est pas l’école de tous
Authors: Herrou Cécile 
Published: October 2015

Lorsque l’enfant handicapé dispose de toutes ses facultés de compréhension et d’apprentissage, son inclusion à l’école se réduit à une organisation particulière et à un coût financier. Elle est bien vécue. Dès lors que l’enfant présente un handicap dont la nature ne lui permet pas d’accéder aussi vite et aussi complétement aux acquis que l’on attend de tout élève, son inclusion se double alors du risque permanent d’exclusion. Cette situation anxiogène propulse inévitablement l’enfant handicapé dans l’échec. Cet article s’efforce de poser les questions relatives à notre démarche d’inclusion, et montre que ce chantier ne fait que commencer..., jusqu’à ce que l’inclusion n’existe plus puisqu’il n’y aurait plus de risque d’exclusion. Une utopie réalisable ?