bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult phenotype of Russell‐Silver syndrome: A molecular support for Barker‐Brenner's theory
Authors: Takenouchi Toshiki , Awazu Midori , Eggermann Thomas , Kosaki Kenjiro 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDevelopmental Origins of Health and Disease theory stems from large‐scale epidemiologic observation. The presumed mechanism for this hypothesis includes epigenetic changes; however, it remains to be elucidated if individuals with intrauterine growth retardation and epigenetic changes confirmed at the molecular level are indeed susceptible to adult‐onset disease. Here we document three individuals with Russell‐Silver syndrome, a prototypic condition caused by hypomethylation of the differently methylated imprinting center region 1 (ICR1) between the IGF2 and H19 loci on chromosome 11p15. At follow‐up, the three patients developed adult‐onset diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus in their early 20s. The presence of molecularly confirmed epigenetic changes in these patients provides a biological basis for Barker‐Brenner's theory at an individual level.
Utility of Intracardiac Echocardiography for Catheter Ablation of Complex Cardiac Arrhythmias in a Medium‐Volume Training Center
Authors: Filgueiras‐Rama David , de Torres‐Alba Fernando , Castrejón‐Castrejón Sergio , Estrada Alejandro , Figueroa Jorge , Salvador‐Montañés Óscar , López Teresa , Moreno‐Yanguela Mar , López Sendón José L. , Merino José L. 
Published: January 2015

Aims and ObjectivesNew electrophysiology tools like intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) might help to minimize and early detect complications during cardiac ablation procedures. The aim of the study was to assess the utility and vascular safety of ICE during catheter ablation of complex cardiac arrhythmias in a medium‐volume training center.MethodsProspective, observational study consisted of consecutive patients who underwent catheter‐based ablation of complex cardiac arrhythmias. All procedures were performed using three‐dimensional electro‐anatomical mapping and routine cannulation of right and left femoral veins. The ICE probe was initially positioned at the mid‐level of the right atrium and properly moved to monitor different steps of the procedure and identify complications. All procedure‐related vascular complications were registered.ResultsOne hundred two patients (age 61.4 ± 13.1 years, 69 male) underwent 110 ablation procedures. Pulmonary vein isolation was the most common ablation substrate (55.4%). Ventricular tachycardia (17.2%) and left atrial flutter procedures (16.4%) were also common. The use of ICE enabled us to early initiate anticoagulation and to optimize the transseptal puncture. It also provided the capability to early detect life‐threatening complications such as tamponade (3.6%), along with important information during the procedure such as exact catheter location, lesion formation, and stability during radiofrequency delivery. Such benefits were not associated with a higher number of vascular complications.ConclusionThe use of ICE during catheter‐based ablation of complex cardiac substrates provides technical features that may decrease complications and increase accuracy while applying radiofrequency, especially in training centers where fellows start to perform complex procedures.
Mating success at high temperature in highland‐ and lowland‐derived populations as well as in heat knock‐down selected Drosophila buzzatii
Authors: Sambucetti Pablo , Norry Fabian M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThermal‐stress selection can affect multiple fitness components including mating success. Reproductive success is one of the most inclusive measures of overall fitness, and mating success is a major component of reproduction. However, almost no attention has been spent to test how mating success can be affected by thermal‐stress selection. In this study, we examine the mating success in the cactophilic Drosophila buzzatii Patterson & Wheeler (Diptera: Drosophilidae) derived from two natural populations that nearly represent the ends of an altitudinal cline for heat knock‐down resistance. Furthermore, we extended the analysis using laboratory lines artificially selected for high and low heat knock‐down resistance. Mating success at high temperature was found to be higher in the lowland than the highland population after a heat pre‐treatment. Moreover, individuals selected for heat knock‐down resistance showed higher mating success at high temperature than did individuals selected for low knock‐down resistance. These results indicate that adaptation to thermal stress can confer an advantage on fitness‐related traits including mating success and highlight the benefits of earlier heat exposure as an adaptive plastic response affecting mating success under stress of higher temperature.
Recruitment, distribution boundary and habitat temperature of an arcto‐boreal gadoid in a climatically changing environment: a case study on Northeast Arctic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)
Authors: Landa Camilla S. , Ottersen Geir , Sundby Svein , Dingsør Gjert E. , Stiansen Jan E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractClimate change is expected to have major effects on the distribution and abundance of fish. In spite of extensive research on the topic in high‐latitude marine ecosystems, the mechanistic understanding of how temperature impacts recruitment and distribution of arcto‐boreal fish stocks remains elusive. Exemplified by an arcto‐boreal gadoid in the Barents Sea, the Northeast Arctic (NEA) haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), we investigate the effect of ecosystem temperature (here temperature from a fixed reference section) on abundance and distribution boundaries between 1981 and 2008. During this time interval there has been a trend of increasing temperature in the ecosystem. We compare the ecosystem temperature with the species habitat temperature ofNEAhaddock (i.e., ambient temperature of the population) – two temperature approaches representing the indirect and direct environmental impacts on fish, respectively. In addition to the temperature effects, density‐dependent effects on distribution boundaries are considered. The study is based on swept area density estimates and spatial temperature data collected annually in winter surveys. We found a positive relationship between ecosystem temperature and abundance, a connection related to both direct and indirect mechanisms with short‐term and long‐term pathways. Distribution boundaries are, on a year‐to‐year basis, more related to abundance than ecosystem temperature. The long‐term trends, however, indicate a north‐eastward shift in distribution boundaries, probably indirectly related to the coinciding ecosystem temperature increase. In spite of the gradual increase in ecosystem temperature, the abundance of 4‐ to 7‐ year oldNEAhaddock expanded into colder waters. Thus, our results show how different the two temperature approaches may be.
Aggression is associated with aerobic glycolysis in the honey bee brain1
Authors: Chandrasekaran S. , Rittschof C. C. , Djukovic D. , Gu H. , Raftery D. , Price N. D. , Robinson G. E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAerobic glycolysis involves increased glycolysis and decreased oxidative catabolism of glucose even in the presence of an ample oxygen supply. Aerobic glycolysis, a common metabolic pattern in cancer cells, was recently discovered in both the healthy and diseased human brain, but its functional significance is not understood. This metabolic pattern in the brain is surprising because it results in decreased efficiency of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in a tissue with high energetic demands. We report that highly aggressive honey bees (Apis mellifera) show a brain transcriptomic and metabolic state consistent with aerobic glycolysis, i.e. increased glycolysis in combination with decreased oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, exposure to alarm pheromone, which provokes aggression, causes a metabolic shift to aerobic glycolysis in the bee brain. We hypothesize that this metabolic state, which is associated with altered neurotransmitter levels, increased glycolytically derived ATP and a reduced cellular redox state, may lead to increased neuronal excitability and oxidative stress in the brain. Our analysis provides evidence for a robust, distinct and persistent brain metabolic response to aggression‐inducing social cues. This finding for the first time associates aerobic glycolysis with naturally occurring behavioral plasticity, which has important implications for understanding both healthy and diseased brain function.
The Diagnostic Validity of Citric Acid‐Free, High Dose 13C‐Urea Breath Test After Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Korea
Authors: Kwon Yong Hwan , Kim Nayoung , Lee Ju Yup , Choi Yoon Jin , Yoon Kichul , Hwang Jae Jin , Lee Hyun Joo , Lee AeRa , Jeong Yeon Sang , Oh Sooyeon , Yoon Hyuk , Shin Cheol Min , Park Young Soo , Lee Dong Ho 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe 13C‐urea breath test (13C‐UBT) is a noninvasive method for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The aims of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic validity of the 13C‐UBT cutoff value and to identify influencing clinical factors responsible for aberrant results.Methods13C‐UBT (UBiTkit; Otsuka Pharmaceutical, cutoff value: 2.5‰) results in the range 2.0‰ to 10.0‰ after H. pylori eradication therapy were compared with the results of endoscopic biopsy results of the antrum and body. Factors considered to affect test results adversely were analyzed.ResultsAmong patients with a positive 13C‐UBT result (2.5‰ to 10.0‰, n = 223) or a negative 13C‐UBT result (2.0‰ to < 2.5‰, n = 66) after H. pylori eradication, 73 patients (34.0%) were false positive, and one (1.5%) was false negative as determined by endoscopic biopsy. The sensitivity, specificity, false‐positive rate, and false‐negative rate for a cutoff value of 2.5‰ were 99.3%, 47.1%, 52.9%, and 0.7%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of the 13C‐UBT were 67.3% and 98.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that a history of two or more previous H. pylori eradication therapies (OR = 2.455, 95%CI = 1.299–4.641) and moderate to severe gastric intestinal metaplasia (OR = 3.359, 95%CI = 1.572–7.178) were associated with a false‐positive 13C‐UBT result.ConclusionThe 13C‐UBT cutoff value currently used has poor specificity for confirming H. pylori status after eradication, and this lack of specificity is exacerbated in patients that have undergone multiple prior eradication therapies and in patients with moderate to severe gastric intestinal metaplasia. In addition, the citric‐free 13C‐UBT would increase a false‐positive 13C‐UBT result.
Metallothionein gene expression is altered in oral cancer and may predict metastasis and patient outcomes
Authors: Brazão‐Silva Marco T , Rodrigues Maria Fernandes S , Eisenberg Ana Lúcia A , Dias Fernando L , de Castro Luciana M , Nunes Fábio D , Faria Paulo R , Cardoso Sérgio V , Loyola Adriano M , de Sousa Suzana C O M 
Published: January 2015

AimsMetallothioneins (MTs) are proteins associated with the carcinogenesis and prognosis of various tumours. Previous studies have shown their potential as biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Aiming to understand more clearly the function of MTs in OSCC we evaluated, for the first time, the gene expression profile of MTs in this neoplasm.Materials and resultsTissue samples from 35 cases of tongue and/or floor of mouth OSCC, paired with their corresponding non‐neoplastic oral mucosa (NNOM), were retrieved (2007–09). All tissues were analysed for the following genes using TaqMan® reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR) assays: MT1A, MT1B, MT1E, MT1F, MT1G, MT1H, MT1X, MT2A, MT3 and MT4. The expression of MT1B and MT1H was seldom detected in both OSCC and NNOM. A significant loss of MT1A, MT1X, MT3 and MT4 expression and gain of MT1F expression was observed in OSCC, compared to NNOM. Cases with MT1G down‐regulation exhibited the worst prognoses. The up‐regulation of MT1X was restricted to non‐metastatic cases, whereas up‐regulation of MT3 was related to cases with lymph node metastasis.ConclusionsMetallothionein mRNA expression is altered significantly in oral squamous cell carcinomas. The expression of MT1G, MT1X and MT3 may aid in the prognostic discrimination of OSCC cases.
Safety evaluation of aflatoxin B1 in peanut oil after ultraviolet irradiation detoxification in a photodegradation reactor
Authors: Diao Enjie , Shen Xiangzhen , Zhang Zheng , Ji Ning , Ma Wenwen , Dong Haizhou 
Published: January 2015

SummaryThe high incidence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in peanut oil has caused wide public concern in the world. Many studies have verified that ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can degrade AFB1 in foods. A new photodegradation reactor has been developed to study the photodegradation efficiency of AFB1 in peanut oil, and the safety of peanut oil was evaluated after UV irradiation detoxification based on the mutagenicity of Salmonella typhimurium tester strains and cytotoxicity of HepG2 cells. The results showed that AFB1 in peanut oil could be decomposed efficiently using the photodegradation reactor. AFB1 was decreased from 51.96 ± 4.24 to 7.23 ± 0.59 μg kg−1 in 10 min and reduced by 86.08% compared with that of the negative control. The residual AFB1 in peanut oil was far less than the limit level set by Chinese government (20 μg kg−1). The Ames test and cell viability assay revealed that 10 min of UV irradiation reduced significantly the toxicity of AFB1 in peanut oil. All the results suggest that the deleterious effects of AFB1 can be highly reduced by UV irradiation in the photodegradation reactor, and the reactor can be applied in a large scale in detoxification of AFB1 in peanut oil in the oil industry.
Earlier menarcheal age in Spanish girls is related with an increase in body mass index between pre‐pubertal school age and adolescence
Authors: Gavela‐Pérez T. , Garcés C. , Navarro‐Sánchez P. , López Villanueva L. , Soriano‐Guillén L. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryBackgroundHigher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with earlier pubertal development.ObjectiveThe aim of this longitudinal study was to determine menarcheal age in a Spanish cohort and to assess its association with anthropometric variables at birth, childhood and adolescence. We also analyse whether the tracking of weight between different ages could affect the timing of menarche.MethodsThe sample population included 195 randomly selected 6–8‐year‐old girls who participated in the baseline of the Four Provinces Study and in the follow‐up of this study at 13–16 years old. Anthropometrical variables were measured and BMI and BMI z‐score were calculated. Information regarding birth weight and menarche was obtained by means of self‐report questionnaire.ResultsCorrelation analysis showed a significant negative association of age at menarche with weight, BMI and BMI z‐score in the baseline and follow‐up groups but not with weight at birth. Fat mass at adolescence is related to a significantly earlier menarcheal age. When comparing weight categories, earliest menarcheal age is associated with an increase of BMI between 6–8‐year‐old and 13–16‐year‐old girls.ConclusionIn our study, high weight in girls is associated with the earliest age at menarche. This becomes a major influence when weight gain occurs between pre‐pubertal school age and adolescence.
Analysis of a dynamic lot‐sizing problem with production capacity constraint
Authors: Zhang Zhicong , Yan Xiaohui , Li Shuai 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe study a capacitated dynamic lot‐sizing problem with special cost structure involving setup cost, freight cost, production cost, and inventory holding cost. We investigate two cases of the problem categorized by whether the maximal production capacity in one period is an integral multiple of the capacity of a container and reveal the special structure of an optimal solution for each case. In the case where the maximal production capacity is an integral multiple of a container's capacity, the T‐period problem is solved using polynomial effort by a network algorithm. For the other case, the problem is transformed into a shortest path problem, and a network‐based algorithm combining dynamic programming is proposed to solve it in polynomial time. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate application of the algorithms to solve the two cases of the problem.
A study on the use of heuristics to solve a bilevel programming problem
Authors: Angelo Jaqueline S. , Barbosa Helio J. C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe bilevel programming problem is characterized as an optimization problem that has another optimization problem in its constraints. The leader in the upper level and the follower in the lower level are hierarchically related where the leader's decisions affect both the follower's payoff function and allowable actions, and vice versa. One difficulty that arises in solving bilevel problems is that unless a solution is optimal for the lower level problem, it cannot be feasible for the overall problem. This suggests that approximate methods could not be used for solving the lower level problem, as they do not guarantee that the optimal solution is actually found. However, from the practical point of view near‐optimal solutions are often acceptable, especially when the lower level problem is too costly to be exactly solved thus rendering the use of exact methods impractical. In this paper, we study the impact of using an approximate method in the lower level problem, discussing how near‐optimal solutions on the lower level can affect the upper level objective function values. This study considers a bilevel production‐distribution planning problem that is solved by two intelligent heuristics hierarchically related: ant colony optimization for solving the upper level problem, and differential evolution method to solve the lower level problem.
Analysis of Meteorological Drought Pattern During Different Climatic and Cropping Seasons in Bangladesh
Authors: Alamgir Mahiuddin , Shahid Shamsuddin , Hazarika Manzul Kumar , Nashrrullah Syams , Harun Sobri Bin , Shamsudin Supiah 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDrought is one of the most frequent natural disasters in Bangladesh which severely affect agro‐based economy and people's livelihood in almost every year. Characterization of droughts in a systematic way is therefore critical in order to take necessary actions toward drought mitigation and sustainable development. In this study, standardized precipitation index is used to understand the spatial distribution of meteorological droughts during various climatic seasons such as premonsoon, monsoon, and winter seasons as well as cropping seasons such as Pre‐Kharif (March‐May), Kharif (May‐October), and Rabi (December‐February). Rainfall data collected from 29 rainfall gauge stations located in different parts of the country were used for a period of 50 years (1961‐2010). The study reveals that the spatial characteristics of droughts vary widely according to season. Premonsoon droughts are more frequent in the northwest, monsoon droughts mainly occur in the west and northwest, winter droughts in the west, and the Rabi and Kharif droughts are more frequent in the north and northwest of Bangladesh. It is expected that the findings of the study will support drought monitoring and mitigation activities in Bangladesh.
Speciation in the dark: diversification and biogeography of the deep‐sea gastropod genus Scaphander in the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Eilertsen Mari H. , Malaquias Manuel António E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to improve understanding about the mode, geography and tempo of diversification in deep‐sea organisms, using a time‐calibrated molecular phylogeny of the heterobranch gastropod genus Scaphander.LocationAtlantic and Indo‐West Pacific (IWP) oceans.MethodsTwo mitochondrial gene markers (COI and 16S) and one nuclear ribosomal gene (28S) from six Atlantic species of Scaphander, and four IWP species were used to generate a multilocus phylogenetic hypothesis using uncorrelated relaxed‐clock Bayesian methods implemented in beast and calibrated with the first occurrence of Scaphander in the fossil record (58.7–55.8 Ma).ResultsTwo main clades were supported: clade A, with sister relationships between species and subclades from the Atlantic and IWP; and clade B, with two western Atlantic sister species. Our estimates indicate that the two earliest divergences in clade A occurred between the middle Eocene and late Miocene and the most recent speciation occurred within the middle Miocene to Pleistocene. The divergence between the two western Atlantic species in clade B was estimated at late Oligocene–Pliocene.Main conclusionsThe prevailing mode of speciation in Scaphander was allopatric, but one possible case of sympatric speciation was detected between two western Atlantic species. Sister relationships between IWP and Atlantic lineages suggest the occurrence both of vicariance events caused by the closure of the Tethyan Seaway and of dispersal between the two ocean basins, probably around South Africa during episodic disruptions of the deep‐sea regional current system caused by glacial–interglacial cycles. Cladogenetic estimates do not support comparatively older diversification of deep‐sea faunas, but corroborate the hypothesis of a pulse of diversification centred in the Oligocene and Miocene epochs. Amphi‐Atlantic species were found to occur at deeper depths (bathyal–abyssal) and we hypothesize that trans‐Atlantic connectivity is maintained by dispersal between neighbouring reproductive populations inhabiting the abyssal sea floor and by dispersal across the shelf and slope of Arctic and sub‐Arctic regions.
MiR‐200b expression in breast cancer: a prognostic marker and act on cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting Sp1
Authors: Yao YaSai , Hu Jian , Shen Zan , Yao RuYong , Liu ShiHai , Li Yong , Cong Hui , Wang XinGang , Qiu WenSheng , Yue Lu 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as important post‐transcriptional regulators involved in various biological and pathological processes of cells. In the present study, we investigated the roles and mechanisms of miR‐200b in human breast cancer (BC). MiR‐200b expression was carried out by qRT‐PCR in human BC cell lines and clinical samples and the prognostic potential of miR‐200b expression was further evaluated. In vitro, effects of miR‐200b on BC cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were tested by CCK‐8 kit, flow cytometric analysis respectively. Luciferase assay and Western blot analysis were performed to validate the potential targets of miR‐200b after the preliminary screening by employing open access software. We found that miR‐200b was significantly down‐regulated in both BC tissues and cell lines. The low expression of miR‐200b was correlated with late TNM stage, negative oestrogen receptor and positive HER‐2 status. Multivariate analysis showed that miR‐200b expression was an independent prognostic predictor for BC patients. Integrated analysis identified Sp1 as a direct and functional target of miR‐200b. Knockdown of Sp1 inhibited cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and act on cell cycle resembling that of miR‐200b high expression. Our data demonstrates that miR‐200b has potential to serve as prognostic biomarker and tumour suppressor for BC patients. As a direct and functional target of miR‐200b, Sp1 and miR‐200b both could be an exciting target for BC treatment strategy.