bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect and safety of polylactic acid and adipose‐derived stromal vascular fraction cell as an injectable bulking agent in urologic field: A 24‐week follow‐up study
Authors: Lee Seong Ho , Ko Kyungtae , Choo Min Soo , Lee Won Ki , Jeong Hyun Cheol , Cho Sung Tae , Kim Sung Yong , Kim Hayoung , Kang Won Hwa , Kim Gun Poong , Yang Dae Yul 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate whether polylactic acid (PLA) microspheres and adipose‐derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells have appropriate properties as an injectable bulking agent in urologic field. Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats (2‐week‐old) were randomized into two groups. A total of 0.05 mL of PLA microsphere suspension and 0.05 mL of PLA microsphere suspension mixed with PKH26‐labeled SVF cells were injected into bladder wall in group I and group II, respectively. At 2, 8, 16, and 24 weeks of PLA microspheres injection, the volumes of implants were measured and bladder tissues including implants were analyzed and compared grossly and histologically between groups. The distant organs were examined histologically to determine migration of PLA microspheres. At 24 weeks of implantation, 65–70% of injected volume was maintained and there was no significant difference between groups. In histological analyses, injected PLA microspheres were localized in muscular layer of bladder without infiltration into adjacent layer. From 8 to 16 weeks of injection, hybrid tissues contained collagen and actin were observed between PLA microspheres and these findings were more clear in group II. PHK26‐labeled SVF cells were identified by fluorescence microscopy at all time points. There was no migration of PLA microspheres to other organs and no abnormality in weight gain and hematologic values. These results suggest the possibility of PLA microspheres as a potentially useful bulking agent in urologic field. And further investigation is needed to know synergic effect of SVF cells. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 440–447, 2015.
The (PrS/HGF‐pDNA) multilayer films for gene‐eluting stent coating: Gene‐protecting, anticoagulation, antibacterial properties, and in vivo antirestenosis evaluation
Authors: Chang Hao , Ren Ke‐feng , Zhang He , Wang Jin‐lei , Wang Bai‐liang , Ji Jian 
Published: June 2014

AbstractVascular gene‐eluting stents (GES) is a promising strategy for treatment of cardiovascular disease. Very recently, we have proved that the (protamine sulfate/plasmid DNA encoding hepatocyte growth factor) (PrS/HGF‐pDNA) multilayer can serve as a powerful tool for enhancing competitiveness of endothelial cell over smooth muscle cell, which opens perspectives for the regulation of intercellular competitiveness in the field of interventional therapy. However, before the gene multilayer films could be used in vascular stents for real clinical application, the preservation of gene bioactivity during the industrial sterilization and the hemocompatibility of film should be taken into account. Actually, both are long been ignored issues in the field of gene coating for GES. In this study, we demonstrate that the (PrS/HGF‐pDNA) multilayer film exhibits the good gene‐protecting abilities, which is confirmed by using the industrial sterilizations (gamma irradiation and ethylene oxide) and a routine storage condition (dry state at 4°C for 30 days). Furthermore, hemocompatible measurements (such as platelet adhesion and whole blood coagulation) and antibacterial assays (bacteria adhesion and growth inhibition) indicate the good anticoagulation and antibacterial properties of the (PrS/HGF‐pDNA) multilayer film. The in vivo preliminary data of angiography and histological analysis suggest that the (PrS/HGF‐pDNA) multilayer coated stent can reduce the in‐stent restenosis. This work reveals that the (PrS/HGF‐pDNA) multilayer film could be a promising candidate as coating for GES, which is of great potential in future clinic application. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 430–439, 2015.
Bone tissue engineering with a collagen–hydroxyapatite scaffold and culture expanded bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Villa Max M. , Wang Liping , Huang Jianping , Rowe David W. , Wei Mei 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOsteoprogenitor cells combined with supportive biomaterials represent a promising approach to advance the standard of care for bone grafting procedures. However, this approach faces challenges, including inconsistent bone formation, cell survival in the implant, and appropriate biomaterial degradation. We have developed a collagen–hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold that supports consistent osteogenesis by donor‐derived osteoprogenitors, and is more easily degraded than a pure ceramic scaffold. Herein, the material properties are characterized as well as cell attachment, viability, and progenitor distribution in vitro. Furthermore, we examined the biological performance in vivo in a critical‐size mouse calvarial defect. To aid in the evaluation of the in‐house collagen–HA scaffold, the in vivo performance was compared with a commercial collagen–HA scaffold (Healos®, Depuy). The in‐house collagen–HA scaffold supported consistent bone formation by predominantly donor‐derived osteoblasts, nearly completely filling a 3.5 mm calvarial defect with bone in all samples (n = 5) after 3 weeks of implantation. In terms of bone formation and donor cell retention at 3 weeks postimplantation, no statistical difference was found between the in‐house and commercial scaffold following quantitative histomorphometry. The collagen–HA scaffold presented here is an open and well‐defined platform that supports robust bone formation and should facilitate the further development of collagen–hydroxyapatite biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 243–253, 2015.
Examination of national lymph node evaluation practices for adult extremity soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Sherman Karen L. , Kinnier Christine V. , Farina Domenico A. , Wayne Jeffrey D. , Laskin William B. , Agulnik Mark , Attar Samer , Hayes John P. , Peabody Terrance , Bilimoria Karl Y. 
Published: June 2014

Background and ObjectivesLymph node evaluation recommendations for extremity soft tissue sarcoma (ESTS) are absent from national guidelines. Our objectives were (1) to assess rates and predictors of nodal evaluation, and (2) to assess rates and predictors of nodal metastases.MethodsESTS patients from the National Cancer Data Base (2000–2009) were assessed, and regression models were used to identify factors associated with nodal evaluation and metastases.ResultsOf 27,536 ESTS patients, 1,924 (7%) underwent nodal evaluation, and of these, 290 (15%) had nodal metastases. Nodal evaluation was most frequently performed for rhabdomyosarcoma (15.6%), angiosarcoma (10.0%), clear cell sarcoma (39.3%), epithelioid sarcoma (28.1%), and synovial sarcoma (9.3%). On multivariable analysis, factors associated with nodal evaluation included histologic subtype, tumor size, and grade. Nodal metastasis rates were highest among patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (32.1%), angiosarcoma (24.1%), clear cell sarcoma (27.7%), and epithelioid sarcoma (31.8%). On multivariable analysis, factors associated with nodal metastases included histologic subtype, tumor size, and grade.ConclusionsNodal evaluation rates are highest among certain expected subtypes but are generally low. However, nodal metastasis rates for many histologic subtypes in patients selected for lymph node evaluation may be higher than previously reported. Multi‐institutional studies should address nodal evaluation for ESTS. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:682–688. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of laser treatment on the expression of cytosolic proteins in the synovium of patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Barabás Klára , Bakos József , Zeitler Zsuzsanna , Bálint Géza , Nagy Erzsébet , Lakatos Tamás , Kékesi Adrienna Katalin , Gáspár Lajos , Szekanecz Zoltán 
Published: June 2014

Background and ObjectiveLow level laser therapy (LLLT) has been developed for non‐invasive treatment of joint diseases. We have previously shown that LLLT influenced synovial protein expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of laser irradiation on osteoarthritic (OA) synovial protein expression.Study Design/Materials and methodsThe synovial membrane samples removed from the knees of 6 OA patients were irradiated ex vivo using near infrared diode laser (807–811 nm; 25 J/cm2). An untreated sample taken from the same patient served as control. Synovial protein separation and identification were performed by two‐dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, respectively.ResultsEleven proteins showing altered expression due to laser irradiation were identified. There were three patients whose tissue samples demonstrated a significant increase (P < 0.05) in mitochondrial heat shock 60 kD protein 1 variant 1. The expression of the other proteins (calpain small subunit 1, tubulin alpha‐1C and beta 2, vimentin variant 3, annexin A1, annexin A5, cofilin 1, transgelin, and collagen type VI alpha 2 chain precursor) significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to the control samples.ConclusionsA single diode laser irradiation of the synovial samples of patients with osteoarthritis can statistically significantly alter the expression of some proteins in vitro. These findings provide some more evidence for biological efficacy of LLLT treatment, used for osteoarthritis. Lasers Surg. Med. 46:644–649, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A single‐cell imaging screen reveals multiple effects of secreted small molecules on bacteria
Authors: Salje Jeanne 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBacteria cells exist in close proximity to other cells of both the same and different species. Bacteria secrete a large number of different chemical species, and the local concentrations of these compounds at the surfaces of nearby cells may reach very high levels. It is fascinating to imagine how individual cells might sense and respond to the complex mix of signals at their surface. However, it is difficult to measure exactly what the local environmental composition looks like, or what the effects of individual compounds on nearby cells are. Here, an electron microscopy imaging screen was designed that would detect morphological changes induced by secreted small molecules. This differs from conventional approaches by detecting structural changes in individual cells rather than gene expression or growth rate changes at the population level. For example, one of the changes detected here was an increase in outer membrane vesicle production, which does not necessarily correspond to a change in gene expression. This initial study focussed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Burkholderia dolosa, and revealed an intriguing range of effects of secreted small molecules on cells both within and between species.
The pathogenesis of Pisa syndrome in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Castrioto Anna , Piscicelli Céline , Pérennou Dominic , Krack Paul , Debû Bettina 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTPostural abnormalities such as postural deviations affect nearly all patients with advanced Parkinson's disease and represent an important source of disability. Although their existence has long been known, their management remains a challenge as they respond poorly to medication, brain surgery, or physiotherapy. Improving management strategies will require better understanding of the mechanisms underlying such postural deformities.In this review on the pathophysiology of Pisa syndrome, we examine the data supporting the central and peripheral hypotheses that attempt to explain these lateral trunk deviations. Although the pathophysiology is very probably multifactorial, the bulk of the data supports central, rather than peripheral, hypotheses. The central hypotheses that are best supported by both animal studies and clinical data include asymmetry of basal ganglia output and abnormalities in the central integration of sensory information. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiology underlying Pisa syndrome. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Multiple system atrophy: Prognostic indicators of survival
Authors: Figueroa Juan J. , Singer Wolfgang , Parsaik Ajay , Benarroch Eduardo E. , Ahlskog J. Eric , Fealey Robert D. , Parisi Joseph E. , Sandroni Paola , Mandrekar Jay , Iodice Valeria , Low Phillip A. , Bower James H. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractNeurological and autonomic presentation in multiple system atrophy (MSA) may predict early mortality. Quantification of early autonomic failure as a mortality predictor is lacking. Early neurological and autonomic clinical features were retrospectively reviewed in 49 MSA cases (median age at onset, 56.1 years; 16 women) confirmed by autopsy at Mayo Clinic. When available, the 10‐point composite autonomic severity score derived from the autonomic reflex screen provided quantification of the degree of autonomic failure and thermoregulatory sweat test quantitated body surface anhidrosis. Symptoms at onset were autonomic in 50%, parkinsonian in 30%, and cerebellar in 20% of cases. Survival (median [95% confidence interval]) was 8.6 [6.7‐10.2] years. Survival was shorter in patients with early laboratory evidence of generalized (composite autonomic severity score ≥ 6) autonomic failure (7.0 [3.9‐9.8] vs. 9.8 [4.6‐13.8] years; P = 0.036), and early requirement of bladder catheterization (7.3 [3.1‐10.2] vs. 13.7 [8.5‐14.9] years; P = 0.003) compared with those without these clinical features. On Cox proportional analysis, prognostic indicators of shorter survival were older age at onset (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.04 [1.01‐1.08]; P = 0.03), early requirement of bladder catheterization (7.9 [1.88‐38.63]; P = 0.004), and early generalized (composite autonomic severity score ≥ 6) autonomic failure (2.8 [1.01‐9.26]; P = 0.047). Gender, phenotype, and early development of gait instability, aid‐requiring ambulation, orthostatic symptoms, neurogenic bladder, or significant anhidrosis (thermoregulatory sweat test ≥ 40%) were not indicators of shorter survival. Our data suggest that early development of severe generalized autonomic failure more than triples the risk of shorter survival in patients with MSA. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Changes in motor cortical excitability in patients with Sydenham's chorea
Authors: Khedr Eman M. , Ahmed Mohamed A. , Ali Anwar M. , Badry Reda , Rothwell John C. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeThe neurophysiological characteristics of motor cortex have been well characterized in patients with Huntington's disease. We present the first data on cortical excitability in patients with Sydenham's chorea.MethodsMotor cortex excitability was examined using transcranial magnetic stimulation in 16 patients in the early clinical stages of Sydenham's chorea and in 17 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects. Investigations included resting and active motor threshold, motor evoked potential, input–output curves, contralateral silent period, and transcallosal inhibition.ResultsResting and active motor threshold were significantly higher and motor evoked potentials were significantly smaller in patients in comparison with controls. The input–output curves were shallower in both hemispheres of patients with chorea compared with controls. No significant differences were seen in silent period or transcallosal inhibition duration.ConclusionSydenham's chorea is characterized by reduced excitability of corticospinal output similar to that observed in Huntington's disease. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Extra‐nigral pathological conditions are common in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: An in vivo positron emission tomography study
Authors: Bohnen Nicolaas I. , Frey Kirk A. , Studenski Stephanie , Kotagal Vikas , Koeppe Robert A. , Constantine Gregory M. , Scott Peter J.H. , Albin Roger L. , Müller Martijn L.T.M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractCholinergic denervation has been associated with falls and slower gait speed and β‐amyloid deposition with greater severity of axial motor impairments in Parkinson disease (PD). However, little is known about the association between the presence of extra‐nigral pathological conditions and freezing of gait (FoG). Patients with PD (n = 143; age, 65.5 ± 7.4 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage, 2.4 ± 0.6; Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, 25.9 ± 2.6) underwent [11C]methyl‐4‐piperidinyl propionate acetylcholinesterase and [11C]dihydrotetrabenazine dopaminergic PET imaging, and clinical, including FoG, assessment in the dopaminergic “off” state. A subset of subjects (n = 61) underwent [11C]Pittsburgh compound‐B β‐amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Normative data were used to dichotomize abnormal β‐amyloid uptake or cholinergic deficits. Freezing of gait was present in 20 patients (14.0%). Freezers had longer duration of disease (P = 0.009), more severe motor disease (P < 0.0001), and lower striatal dopaminergic activity (P = 0.013) compared with non‐freezers. Freezing of gait was more common in patients with diminished neocortical cholinergic innervation (23.9%, χ2 = 5.56, P = 0.018), but not in the thalamic cholinergic denervation group (17.4%, χ2 = 0.26, P = 0.61). Subgroup analysis showed higher frequency of FoG with increased neocortical β‐amyloid deposition (30.4%, Fisher Exact test: P = 0.032). Frequency of FoG was lowest with absence of both pathological conditions (4.8%), intermediate in subjects with single extra‐nigral pathological condition (14.3%), and highest with combined neocortical cholinopathy and amyloidopathy (41.7%; Cochran‐Armitage trend test, Z = 2.63, P = 0.015). Within the group of freezers, 90% had at least one of the two extra‐nigral pathological conditions studied. Extra‐nigral pathological conditions, in particular the combined presence of cortical cholinopathy and amyloidopathy, are common in PD with FoG and may contribute to its pathophysiology. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Effects of changes in muscle activation level and spine and hip posture on erector spinae fiber orientation
Authors: Harriss Alexandra B. , Brown Stephen H.M. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: During lumbar flexion, the fiber orientation of the lumbar erector spinae (LES) muscle becomes oriented more along the spine compressive axis. It is unknown how changes in LES activation effect fiber orientation. Methods: Ultrasound images of LES were collected during 2 sets of experimental conditions: (1) varying levels of LES activation while lying prone; and (2) varying spine and hip angles while seated. Electromyographic activity and lumbar spine and hip angles were also recorded. Results: As LES activation increased, increases in fiber orientation (signifying increased orientation along the posterior shear axis) were found (P < 0.001). Compared with the relaxed sitting posture, decreases in fiber orientation were found with full spine flexion and combined spine and hip flexion (P < 0.001), but there were no changes with full hip flexion alone. Conclusions: Activation magnitude and spine posture both affect LES fiber orientation, thus modifying its ability to protect the spine against anterior shear forces. Muscle Nerve 51: 426–433, 2015
Impact of denervation‐induced muscle atrophy on housekeeping gene expression in mice
Authors: Nakao Reiko , Yamamoto Saori , Yasumoto Yuki , Kadota Koji , Oishi Katsutaka 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Immobilization induced by experimental denervation leads to rapid and progressive alterations in structural and biochemical properties of skeletal muscle. Real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) is a popular method of elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle atrophy. Identification of suitable reference genes that are not affected by experimental conditions is a critical step in accurate normalization of real‐time RT‐PCR. Methods: We investigated the impact of denervation‐induced muscle atrophy for 2 weeks on the expression of common housekeeping genes. Results: Denervation differentially affected the expression levels of these genes. RefFinder software identified TATA box binding protein (Tbp) as the most stable gene and showed that the stability of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (Gapdh) and hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) genes was low, even though they are widely used for normalization. Conclusions: The appropriate reference gene for normalization of genes of interest in denervated muscle is Tbp. Muscle Nerve 51: 276–281, 2015
Rigid chain ribbon‐like metallopolymers
Authors: Carella Antonio , Borbone Fabio , Roviello Giuseppina , Caruso Ugo , Ferone Claudio , Ricciotti Laura , Pirozzi Beniamino , Persico Paola , Schieroni Alberto Giacometti , Roviello Antonio 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTA set of new copolymers is here reported in which the repeating units are connected each other through Cu(II) metal centers. The coordination link is based on the bis‐chelating properties of salicylaldiminate groups of two different monomers. Due to their chemical structure, the two monomers afford, respectively, flexible and rigid repeating units in the metallocopolymers constitution upon coordination to copper centers. All the copolymers were soluble and easily processable. As shown by XRD analysis, rigid units' rich copolymers adopt a ribbon‐like structure in solid state in which highly planar strands of polymer stack thanks to π−π interactions, similarly to the polymer composed exclusively by rigid units. This behavior can be justified assuming the existence of a partial block character in copolymer constitution where long sequences of rigid units are alternated to sequences of flexible units. This assumption is supported also by DSC and UV–Vis analysis. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 2412–2421
Real time laser interference microscopy for bar‐spread polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends
Authors: Haq Ehtsham Ul , Toolan Daniel T. W. , Emerson Jillian A. , Epps Thomas H. , Howse Jonathan R. , Dunbar Alan D. F. , Ebbens Stephen J. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate that real‐time laser interference microscopy can be used to directly observe the dynamics of film formation and phase separation processes for a bar‐spread polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) blend. The ability to dynamically image laser interference patterns allows compete drying curves and polymer content to be determined throughout the film formation process. The polymer content at which phase separation structure first is observed in the interference micrograph sequence is in good agreement with calculated spinodal curves. Morphology evolution proceeds from phase separation onward via coarsening and coalescence to arrive at the final domain structure. In comparison, spin coating the same polymer blend results in structure evolution being quenched further from equilibrium due to the faster drying rate. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 985–992