bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain not processing: is finding a role for BNP in sepsis like fitting a square peg into a round hole?
Authors: McLean Anthony S , Huang Stephen J 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSince its introduction to the intensive care setting a decade ago, B-type natriuretic peptide has been the focus of studies in different areas (in particular, sepsis). With this biomarker, as with many newly identified biomarkers, its diagnostic performance was pursued initially and then its ability to predict outcomes. Despite all the efforts, results have not been consistent and the applications of B-type natriuretic peptide in the intensive care setting remain by and large academic. Will such studies one day become clinical practice? Or are we too obsessed with finding a place for every biomarker?
Purified cell wall from the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus gasseriactivates systemic inflammation and, at higher doses, produces lethality in a rat model
Authors: Xu Xinhui , Hicks Caitlin , Li Yan , Su Junwu , Shiloach Joseph , Kaufman Jeanne B , Fitz Yvonne , Eichacker Peter Q , Cui Xizhong 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Introduction
One proposed benefit of probiotic therapy is that probiotic bacterial cell-wall binding to intestinal cell pathogen-recognition receptors activates protective innate immunity. However, in critically ill patients, intestinal epithelium disruption by shock or other insults may compromise this compartmentalized response and cause systemic bacteria and cell-wall translocation. The effects of intravascular introduction of probiotic bacterial cell wall are unclear.

Methods
We investigated 24-hour infusions of purified cell wall from Lactobacillus gasseri ATC33323 (L. gasseri), a probiotic bacterium, in Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 49).

Results
Increasing cell-wall doses (0 (control), 10, 20, 40, 80, or 160 mg/kg over 24 hours) produced dose-ordered decreases in survival measured after 168 hours (11 survivors/11 total (100%), seven of seven (100%), seven of seven (100%), six of eight (75%), five of eight (63%), and one of nine (11%), respectively, P < 0.0001). The L. gasseri cell wall was equally or more lethal than Staphylococcus aureus cell wall, which was previously studied (100% to 88% survival with the same increasing doses). During challenge, compared with controls, L. gasseri cell wall produced increases in blood IL-1β, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, migratory inhibitory protein-1α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and nitric oxide, and decreases in neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets that were greater with higher versus lower doses (P ≤ 0.05). Medium-dose cell wall (40 and 80 mg/kg combined) progressively decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate, and all doses increased lactate, hepatic transaminases, and creatinine phosphokinase (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion
Although L. gasseri, like other probiotic bacteria, is considered safe, its cell wall can stimulate the maladaptive inflammatory response associated with pathogenic bacteria. Such effects deserve study, especially regarding critically ill patients.
Using the minimum description length principle to reduce the rate of false positives of best-fit algorithms
Authors: Fang Jie , Ouyang Hongjia , Shen Liangzhong , Dougherty Edward R , Liu Wenbin 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The inference of gene regulatory networks is a core problem in systems biology. Many inference algorithms have been proposed and all suffer from false positives. In this paper, we use the minimum description length (MDL) principle to reduce the rate of false positives for best-fit algorithms. The performance of these algorithms is evaluated via two metrics: the normalized-edge Hamming distance and the steady-state distribution distance. Results for synthetic networks and a well-studied budding-yeast cell cycle network show that MDL-based filtering is more effective than filtering based on conditional mutual information (CMI). In addition, MDL-based filtering provides better inference than the MDL algorithm itself.
Internet use in pregnancy
Authors: Weston Claire , Anderson John L 
Published: July 2014

Background: More and more women are turning to the internet in pregnancy. Yet the value of this ever increasing quest for information is an area that appears to be under researched. Objective: This qualitative study aimed to explore the perceived value of internet use in pregnancy, conducted from the viewpoint of three distinct groups: midwives, pregnant women and postnatal women. Methods: Thirteen midwives, seven antenatal women and six postnatal women were recruited to three focus groups and seven in-depth interviews. Results: Appropriate internet usage during pregnancy was positively valued by all groups. However, midwives were more negative in their perceptions of inappropriate use. The data indicated that this could be influenced by their lack of awareness of current pregnancy website use. Conclusion: Greater collaboration between midwives and pregnant women is required to enable access to consistent, verified internet information which can be used appropriately and with confidence.
The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register
Authors: Robertsson O. , Ranstam J. , Sundberg M. , W-Dahl A. , Lidgren L. 
Published: July 2014

We are entering a new era with governmental bodies taking an increasingly guiding role, gaining control of registries, demanding direct access with release of open public information for quality comparisons between hospitals. This review is written by physicians and scientists who have worked with the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register (SKAR) periodically since it began. It reviews the history of the register and describes the methods used and lessons learned.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:217–22.
Methylene Malonates and Cyanoacrylates: Energy-Efficient, High-Performance Sustainable Adhesive Systems*
Authors: Stevenson Peter R. , Kern Kimberly E. , Roman Peter D. , DeSousa Joseph D. , Ellison Matthew M. , Malofsky Bernard M. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
More robust and eco-friendly adhesive options are growing in demand. Monomer-based adhesive systems provide an alternative to solventborne adhesives residentially and industrially used. The systems discussed here include cyanoacrylates and methylene malonates. Although not typically used for woodworking, novel one-part cyanoacrylate formulations have been developed for millwork applications offering improved sustained strength and durability. Mechanical and environmental testing highlight the feasibility of using one-part cyanoacrylate systems in lieu of traditional solventborne wood glues or two-part cyanoacrylate adhesives. Similar to cyanoacrylates, methylene malonates provide supplementary environmental resistance that increases the range of overall industrial application.
Manufacturing Medium-Density Particleboards from Wood–Bark Mixture and Different Adhesive Systems*
Authors: Wang Xiang-Ming , Fang Haixia , Feng Martin , Zhang Yaolin , Yan Ning 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The disposal problem of bark residues and the shortage of wood raw material supply in some regions make the use of bark an attractive option for the industry. In this study, medium-density particleboards were manufactured from mixed black spruce bark and spruce-pine-fir wood particles at a weight ratio of 50/50. Different adhesive systems were used as binders for the bark-based panels, including commercial phenol-formaldehyde (PF), urea-formaldehyde (UF), polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) resins, and a laboratory-synthesized lignin-PF resin containing 30 wt% lignin substitution for phenol. The objective was to investigate the suitability of utilizing bark residues in the manufacture of particleboards for the floor underlayment (PBU) application. The resulting boards were evaluated according to the ANSI A208.1‐2009 standard for internal bond (IB), modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, hardness, thickness swell, and linear expansion. The test results indicate that all panels made with these resin systems can meet the PBU requirements in terms of IB and hardness and that those bonded with 8 percent PF or 5 percent pMDI can meet all the requirements by the ANSI A208.1‐2009 standard for the floor underlayment application in terms of the properties evaluated. Results of this study imply that it is feasible to use bark as a raw material to manufacture medium-density particleboard for the floor underlayment application.
Memory, Counternarrative, and the Body Politic in Post–Imjin War Chosŏn Korea
Authors: Park Saeyoung 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
From the late Chosŏn Dynasty to the present day in both North and South Korea, General Im Kyŏngŏp (1594–1646) has been honored for his loyal service against the Manchus in the early seventeenth century. A close reading of official accounts, literati essays, legal cases, and historical fiction reveals, however, that Im was a deserter and a suspected traitor at the time of his death. Yet by the late eighteenth century, the Chosŏn state had promoted Im, presented him as an ideal subject, and honored his loyalty through state-sanctioned commemoration. Today, the memory of Im remains largely positive; twenty-first century Koreans predominantly know him as a Chosŏn hero or as the object of shamanic supplication. This article suggests that Im’s posthumous rehabilitation attests to the growing power of a reading public and the influence of popular culture on political discourse in an early modern public sphere.
Influence of the Confounding Factors Age and Sex on MicroRNA Profiles from Peripheral Blood
Authors: Meder Benjamin , Backes Christina , Haas Jan , Leidinger Petra , Stähler Cord , Großmann Thomas , Vogel Britta , Frese Karen , Giannitsis Evangelos , Katus Hugo A , Meese Eckart , Keller Andreas 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) measured from blood samples are promising minimally invasive biomarker candidates that have been extensively studied in several case-control studies. However, the influence of age and sex as confounding variables remains largely unknown.

METHODS
We systematically explored the impact of age and sex on miRNAs in a cohort of 109 physiologically unaffected individuals whose blood was characterized by microarray technology (stage 1). We also investigated an independent cohort from a different institution consisting of 58 physiologically unaffected individuals having a similar mean age but with a smaller age distribution. These samples were measured by use of high-throughput sequencing (stage 2).

RESULTS
We detected 318 miRNAs that were significantly correlated with age in stage 1 and, after adjustment for multiple testing of 35 miRNAs, remained statistically significant. Regarding sex, 144 miRNAs showed significant dysregulation. Here, no miRNA remained significant after adjustment for multiple testing. In the high-throughput datasets of stage 2, we generally observed a smaller number of significant associations, mainly as an effect of the smaller cohort size and age distribution. Nevertheless, we found 7 miRNAs that were correlated with age, of which 5 were concordant with stage 1.

CONCLUSIONS
The age distribution of individuals recruited for case-control studies needs to be carefully considered, whereas sex may be less confounding. To support the translation of miRNAs into clinical application, we offer a web-based application (http://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/mirnacon) to test individual miRNAs or miRNA signatures for their likelihood of being influenced.
Terra-&-Terror Ecology: Secrets from the Arrakeen underground
Authors: Mellamphy Nandita Biswas 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In this article, I use Frank Herbert’s Dune novels to exemplify a rather dark eco-vision of planetary ecology. The chthonic planetary eco-vision is necessarily terrifying, in that humanity is demoted from its role as ‘steward’ of a personified nature (mother nature), i.e., as caring intermediary between nature and culture, to a role in which the human is nothing more than fuel and fodder – bait and lure – for what could be called the ‘Great Ecology’ of planetary regeneration and desertification. Dune shows the dark side of the ‘Green’ will ecologize, which I argue involves the necessary violation of the stated values of eco-conservationist visions and ambitions.
Negotiating visions of modernity: Female stars, the melindrosa and desires for a Brazilian film industry
Authors: Conde Maite 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This article examines discourses and elaborations of a Hollywood-inflected stardom in 1920s’ Brazilian cinema, focusing in particular on a new generation of female stars who emerged during this decade. It does so by tracing the elaboration of this American-style star system in the context of a vibrant urban consumer culture, one that depended on women. The discussion centres on two intersecting lines of enquiry. First, it explores how the development of female star texts was inextricably related to an urban mass culture that emerged in early-twentieth-century Brazil. In doing so, it highlights stardom’s dialogue with the figure of the melindrosa, Brazil’s own ‘new woman’. A symbolic and spectacular embodiment of urban modernity and women’s new public role in it, by the start of the twentieth century, the melindrosa proliferated in the country’s magazines and popular novels and became a key intertext for films of the period and especially their stars. Second, the article relates this complex and contradictory embodiment of female stars to discussions concerning Brazilian cinema itself. It explores the ways in which female stardom of the 1920s and, by extension, women’s consumer culture played a key role in forging a Brazilian film industry.
Cinematic time and the question of possibility in Carlos Saura’s Elisa, vida mía (1977)
Authors: Keller Patricia 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This essay offers a theoretical approach to reading the relationship between narrative, image and temporality in Carlos Saura’s intensely philosophical yet understudied film Elisa, vida mía (1977). Through close readings, I analyse how the film creates a series of openings or spaces from which to reflect on cinematic time as a reciprocal process of folding and unfolding, entangled with cycles of arrivals and departures, experience and perception, memories and dreams, and illuminance and violence. I also explore the visualization of loss as an essential aspect of Saura’s cinematic construction of subjectivity and spectatorship. Ultimately, this article argues that in Elisa, Saura breaks with a system of suture to establish a cinema of loss or ‘cinema of wounds’ that not only depicts loss as a narrative element, but also integrates a structure of loss into the film’s temporal and visual composition. This loss constitutes a vital form of possibility when it, in turn, becomes part of the spectator’s viewing experience.
Transatlantic interpretations of Das Lied in mir/El día que no nací (Cossen, 2010): The appropriation of children in Argentina as narrated in German cinema
Authors: Luengo Ana 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In this article I analyse the German movie Das Lied in mir/El día que no nací by Florian Cossen (2010) as an example of the European narration of crimes committed by the last Argentinian military junta. Latin American dictatorships are symbolic places of memory which suggest and permit a moral reflection about the crimes of the state in global terms. My point of departure is that the movie, which deals with the illegal appropriation of children, has various potential receptions that are enabled by both the story and intermedial references. I focus on how the film introduces a new approach in the discussion about the politics of memory by relating it to other Argentinian movies and intellectual discourses about this topic. Against this background, the article discusses two different interpretations: first, from an intercontinental perspective, the movie reminds us of the ignominious European responsibility for crimes committed by South American dictatorships. Second, without this historic-political reflection, it suggests an existentialist meaning directed at an international public.
El turismo de eventos y reuniones en destinos turísticos maduros: Un pilar para la reconversión del producto turístico de Puerto de la Cruz (Tenerife)
Authors: Pérez Díaz Crístofer , Páez Escobar Ángel Israel 
Published: July 2014

Como respuesta a una situación de declive, Puerto de la Cruz está siendo objeto de importantes planes, estrategias y actuaciones destinadas a reconvertir el destino. El desarrollo del denominado turismo de reuniones puede encajar perfectamente en las tendencias actuales que se plantean para el destino, sobre todo, si se aprovechan las sinergias generadas por la celebración de eventos, tanto grandes como pequeños acontecimientos, incrementando así la competitividad del destino. Esta investigación tiene como principal objetivo analizar la situación actual del turismo de eventos en este destino turístico, identificando su potencial y planteando algunas sugerencias, para convertir este segmento de turismo en uno de los motores que apoyará la reinvención de Puerto de la Cruz.
The pharmacogenetics of carboxylesterases: CES1 and CES2 genetic variants and their clinical effect
Authors: Merali Zahra , Ross Stephanie , Paré Guillaume 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) and carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) are serine esterases responsible for the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds present in a number of pharmaceutical products. Several common genetic variants of the CES1 and CES2 genes have been shown to influence drug metabolism and clinical outcomes. Polymorphisms of the CES1 gene have been reported to affect the metabolism of dabigatran etexilate, methylphenidate, oseltamivir, imidapril, and clopidogrel, whereas variants of the CES2 gene have been found to affect aspirin and irinotecan. Although the findings of these studies may be preliminary, they demonstrate the potential clinical utility of CES polymorphisms; however, more research is required, especially with respect to CES2. In this review, we outline the functional, molecular, and genetic properties of CES1 and CES2, and highlight recent studies that have shown relations between CES1 and CES2 variants and contemporary pharmacotherapy.
Discourse objectivization, social variation and style of Spanish second-person singular tú
Authors: Serrano María José , Oliva Miguel Ángel Aijón 
Published: July 2014

Abstract This investigation aims to uncover the variation of the Spanish second-person singular subject pronoun tú ‘you.sg’ when it displaces its content away from the particular circumstances of the speaker and changes its deictic meaning to a resource for the objectivization of the utterance. The multiple repercussions of the formal variation (expression and omission) of this subject on internal and external levels of meaning will be explored. Essential to understanding this case of variation is the consideration of prominent features of the communicative situation, as well as the social identities and roles assumed by the speakers within it (including professional affiliation, transactional vs. interpersonal communicative stance and gender). The results of the analysis allow us to sketch basic interactional and discursive tendencies governing objectivizing uses of the second-person singular tú along the oral-written continuum
Protein domain hierarchy Gibbs sampling strategies
Authors: Neuwald Andrew F. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHierarchically-arranged multiple sequence alignment profiles are useful for modeling protein domains that have functionally diverged into evolutionarily-related subgroups. Currently such alignment hierarchies are largely constructed through manual curation, as for the NCBI Conserved Domain Database (CDD). Recently, however, I developed a Gibbs sampler that uses an approach termed
In vitro reconstitution of a highly processive recombinant human dynein complex
Authors: Schlager Max A , Hoang Ha Thi , Urnavicius Linas , Bullock Simon L , Carter Andrew P 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCytoplasmic dynein is an approximately 1.4 MDa multi‐protein complex that transports many cellular cargoes towards the minus ends of microtubules. Several in vitro studies of mammalian dynein have suggested that individual motors are not robustly processive, raising questions about how dynein‐associated cargoes can move over long distances in cells. Here, we report the production of a fully recombinant human dynein complex from a single baculovirus in insect cells. Individual complexes very rarely show directional movement in vitro. However, addition of dynactin together with the N‐terminal region of the cargo adaptor BICD2 (BICD2N) gives rise to unidirectional dynein movement over remarkably long distances. Single‐molecule fluorescence microscopy provides evidence that BICD2N and dynactin stimulate processivity by regulating individual dynein complexes, rather than by promoting oligomerisation of the motor complex. Negative stain electron microscopy reveals the dynein–dynactin–BICD2N complex to be well ordered, with dynactin positioned approximately along the length of the dynein tail. Collectively, our results provide insight into a novel mechanism for coordinating cargo binding with long‐distance motor movement.
Minimal metabolic pathway structure is consistent with associated biomolecular interactions
Authors: Bordbar Aarash , Nagarajan Harish , Lewis Nathan E , Latif Haythem , Ebrahim Ali , Federowicz Stephen , Schellenberger Jan , Palsson Bernhard O 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPathways are a universal paradigm for functionally describing cellular processes. Even though advances in high‐throughput data generation have transformed biology, the core of our biological understanding, and hence data interpretation, is still predicated on human‐defined pathways. Here, we introduce an unbiased, pathway structure for genome‐scale metabolic networks defined based on principles of parsimony that do not mimic canonical human‐defined textbook pathways. Instead, these minimal pathways better describe multiple independent pathway‐associated biomolecular interaction datasets suggesting a functional organization for metabolism based on parsimonious use of cellular components. We use the inherent predictive capability of these pathways to experimentally discover novel transcriptional regulatory interactions in Escherichia coli metabolism for three transcription factors, effectively doubling the known regulatory roles for Nac and MntR. This study suggests an underlying and fundamental principle in the evolutionary selection of pathway structures; namely, that pathways may be minimal, independent, and segregated.
Transitioning the Premature Infant from Nonsupine to Supine Position Prior to Hospital Discharge
Authors: McMullen Sherri L. , Wu Yow-Wu , Austin-Ketch Tammy , Carey Mary G. 
Published: July 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to document the clinical practice of transitioning the hospitalized premature infant to the supine position and determine if hospital policy influenced practice.Design: This study was a retrospective medical chart review.Sample: The charts were reviewed from two urban hospitals that had Level III NICUs in upstate New York.Main Outcome Variable: The outcome variable was to determine clinical practice of transitioning premature infants to the supine position.Results: The percentage of premature infants who were transitioned to the supine position at least 24 hours prior to hospital discharge varied, but the postmenstrual age at transition did not vary. The hospital with a policy transitioned premature infants to the supine position one week prior to discharge as compared with two days in the hospital without a policy. Despite national recommendations, no infants were transitioned into the supine position by 32 weeks postmenstrual age.