bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High expression of serine protease, Brachyurin in the posterior midgut of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) during horse dropping processing
Authors: Wakuda Megumi , Sakamoto Takuma , Tanaka Akane , Sugimura Satoshi , Higashiura Yuki , Nakazato Takeru , Bono Hidemasa , Tabunoki Hiroko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
Livestock droppings cause some environmental problems, but they have the potential to be used as effective biomass resources. The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), is suitable for efficiently processing such resources. By using BSF larvae for the disposal of livestock droppings, we can obtain two valuable products: protein resources and organic fertilizer. However, there is insufficient research on the digestive enzymes suitable for processing this waste. Here, we aimed to construct an efficient BSF processing system using livestock droppings, and we explored the digestive enzymes involved in this process.

Results
First, we investigated the characteristics of transcripts expressed in the midgut of BSF larvae and found that immune response-related genes were expressed in the midgut. Then, we investigated digestive enzymes and identified a novel serine protease, HiBrachyurin, whose mRNA was highly expressed in the posterior midgut when BSF larvae fed on horse droppings. Despite the low protein content of horse droppings, larvae that fed on horse droppings accumulated more protein than those in the other groups. Therefore, HiBrachyurin may contribute to digestibility in the early stage of protein degradation in BSF larvae fed on horse droppings.
Optimizing chitosan derived from Metapenaeus affinis: a novel anti-biofilm agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Riahi Anali , Mabudi Hadideh , Tajbakhsh Elahe , Roomiani Laleh , Momtaz Hasan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a commonly found Gram-negative bacterium in healthcare facilities and is renowned for its ability to form biofilms and its virulence factors that are controlled by quorum sensing (QS) systems. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains of this bacterium poses a significant challenge in the field of medicine. Consequently, the exploration of novel antimicrobial agents has become a top priority. This research aims to optimize chitosan derived from white shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) computational approach. The objective is to investigate chitosan’s potential as a solution for inhibiting QS activity and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa ATCC 10,145. Under optimized conditions, chitin was treated with NaOH (1.41 M) for 15.75 h, HCl (7.49% vol) for 2.01 h, and at a deacetylation temperature of 81.15 °C. The resulting chitosan exhibited a degree of deacetylation (DD%) exceeding 93.98%, as confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis, indicating its high purity. The extracted chitosan demonstrated a significant synergistic antibiotic effect against P. aeruginosa when combined with ceftazidime, enhancing its bactericidal activity by up to 15-fold. In addition, sub-MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) concentrations of extracted chitosan (10 and 100 µg/mL) successfully reduced the production of pyocyanin and rhamnolipid, as well as the swimming motility, protease activity and biofilm formation ability in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, chitosan treatment downregulated the RhlR and LasR genes in P. aeruginosa when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The optimized chitosan extract shows significant potential as a coating agent for surgical equipment, effectively preventing nosocomial infections caused by P. aeruginosa pathogens.
Entry of ZSWIM4 to the nucleus is crucial for its inhibition of KIT and BMAL1 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Cao Xu , Tian Jinhai , Cheung Man Yee , Zhang Liangying , Liu Zimei , Jiang Zongying , Zhang Shaoting , Xiao Kun , Zhao Sien , Wang Ming , Ding Feng , Li Shujing , Ma Lijun , Zhao Hui , Sun Jianmin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Zinc finger SWIM-type containing 4 (ZSWIM4) is a zinc finger protein with its function largely uncharacterized. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of ZSWIM4 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Results
We found that ZSWIM4 expression is inhibited by the predominantly mutated protein KIT in GISTs, while conversely, ZSWIM4 inhibits KIT expression and downstream signaling. Consistent with the observation, ZSWIM4 inhibited GIST cell survival and proliferation in vitro. RNA sequencing of GISTs from KITV558A/WT mice and KITV558A/WT/ZSWIM4−/− mice showed that loss of ZSWIM4 expression increases the expression of circadian clock pathway member BMAL1 which contributes to GIST cell survival and proliferation. In addition, we found that KIT signaling increases the distribution of ZSWIM4 in the nucleus of GIST cells, and which is important for its inhibition of KIT and BMAL1. In agreement with the results in vitro, the in vivo studies showed that ZSWIM4 deficiency increases the tumorigenesis of GISTs in KITV558A/WT mice.

Conclusions
Taken together, our results revealed that the entry of ZSWIM4 to the nucleus is important for its inhibition of KIT and BMAL1, ultimately attenuating GIST tumorigenesis. The results provide a novel insight in the understanding of signal transduction in GISTs and lay strong theoretical basis for the advancement of GIST treatment.
Electrocardiographic tracking of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension: incidence and prognostic outcomes from the SPRINT trial
Authors: Zhang Zhuxin , Li Le , Zhang Zhenhao , Hu Zhao , Xiong Yulong , Zhou Likun , Yao Yan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
This study explores the impact of intensive blood pressure (BP) control on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) incidence and evaluates the prognostic implications of LVH status (pre-existing/new-onset/persistent/regression) using Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) Electrocardiogram Data.

Methods
Poisson regression was used to assess new-onset LVH and LVH regression rates. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models determined the risk of adverse cardiovascular events (ACE), a composite of myocardial infarction (MI), non-MI acute coronary syndrome, stroke, heart failure, or cardiovascular death, alongside safety adverse events.

Results
In 8,016 participants, intensive BP control significantly reduced new-onset LVH (8.27 vs. 14.79 per 1000-person years; adjusted p<0.001) and increased LVH regression (14.89 vs. 11.89 per 1000-person years; adjusted p<0.001). Elevated ACE risk was notable in participants with pre-existing LVH [adjusted HR: 1.94 (95% CI: 1.25–2.99); p = 0.003], new-onset LVH [adjusted 1.74 (95% CI: 1.16–2.60); p = 0.007], and persistent LVH[adjusted HR: 1.96 (95% CI: 1.11–3.46); p = 0.020], compared to those without LVH. Intriguingly, LVH regression attenuated this risk increment [adjusted HR: 1.57 (95% CI: 0.98–2.53); p = 0.062]. Achieving a BP target of < 120/80 mmHg nullified the increased ACE risk in those with pre-existing LVH.

Conclusions
Intensive BP control is instrumental in both reducing the emergence of LVH and fostering its regression. Pre-existing, new-onset LVH and persistent LV remain a predictor of adverse cardiovascular prognosis, whereas LVH regression and achieving on-treatment BP < 120/80 mmHg in pre-existing LVH individuals may further mitigate residual cardiovascular risk.

Clinical trial registration
URL: ClinicalTrials.gov Unique Identifier: NCT01206062.
An in-silico approach towards multivariate acceptable ranges in biopharmaceutical manufacturing
Authors: Kunzelmann Marco , Thoma Judith , Laibacher Sabrina , Studts Joey M. , Presser Beate , Spitz Julia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMultivariate interactions between process parameters can heavily impact product quality and process performance in biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Thus, multivariate interactions should be identified and appropriately controlled. This article describes an in-silico approach to establish multivariate acceptable ranges; these ranges help to illustrate the combined impact of multiple input variables on product quality and process performance. Additionally, this article includes a case study for a monoclonal antibody polishing application.Proven acceptable ranges are set by changing only one input parameter at a time while keeping all others constant to understand the impact of process variability on product quality or process performance, but the impact of synergistic variables are not evaluated. Within multivariate acceptable ranges, any combination of input parameters of a unit operation yields the desired product quality and process performance. The layered approach applied in this article is based on risk assessment and statistical models to leverage prior knowledge and existing data. The risk assessment is specific for a manufacturing facility but is applicable to multiple products manufactured in the same facility. No additional wet-lab experiments are required for building the statistical models when development and process characterization are executed using a design of experiments approach, compared to a univariate evaluation of data. The established multivariate acceptable range justifies revised normal operating ranges to ensure process control. Further, the determination of multivariate acceptable ranges adds to overall process knowledge, ultimately supporting the implementation of a more effective control strategy.
Reproducibility of semi-quantitative assessment of aortic valve calcification and valve motion on echocardiography: a small-scale study
Authors: Balian D. , Koethe B. , Mohanty S. , Daaboul Y. , Mahrokhian S. H. , Frankel J. , Li J. , Kherlopian A. , Downey B. C. , Wessler B. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common degenerative valve disease in high income countries. While hemodynamic metrics are commonly used to assess severity of stenosis, they are impacted by loading conditions and stroke volume and are often discordant. Anatomic valve assessments such as aortic valve calcification (AVC) and valve motion (VM) during transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can offer clues to disease severity. The reliability of these semi-quantitatively assessed anatomic imaging parameters is unknown.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of semi-quantitative assessment of AVC and valve VM on TTE. TTEs representing a range of AS severities were identified. The degree of calcification of the aortic valve and the degree of restricted VM were assessed in standard fashion. AVC scores and valve motion were assessed by readers with varied training levels blinded to the severity of AS. Correlation and inter-reader reliability between readers were assessed.

Results
420 assessments (210 each for AVC and VM) were collected for 35 TTEs. Correlation of AVC for imaging trainees (fellows and students, respectively), ranged from 0.49 (95% CI 0.18–0.70) to 0.62 (95% CI 0.36–0.79) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.30–0.76) to 0.54 (95% CI 0.25–0.74) for VM. Correlation of anatomic assessments between echocardiographer-assigned AVC grades was r = 0.76 (95% CI 0.57–0.87)). The correlation between echocardiographer-assigned assessment of VM was r = 0.73 (95% CI 0.53–0.86), p < 0.00001 for both. For echocardiographer AVC assessment, weighted kappa was 0.52 (0.32–0.72), valve motion weighted kappa was 0.60 (0.42–0.78).

Conclusion
There was good inter-reader correlation between TTE-based semi-quantitative assessment of AVC and VM when assessed by board certified echocardiographers. There was modest inter-reader reliability of semi-quantitative assessments of AVC and VM between board certified echocardiographers. Inter-reader correlation and reliability between imaging trainees was lower. More reliable methods to assess TTE based anatomic assessments are needed in order to accurately track disease progression.

Clinical Trial Number
STUDY00003100.
Estimated global and regional economic burden of genital herpes simplex virus infection among 15–49 year-olds in 2016
Authors: Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn , Lee Shaun Wen Huey , Kulchaitanaroaj Puttarin , Rayanakorn Ajaree , Lee Haeseon , Looker Katharine Jane , Hutubessy Raymond , Gottlieb Sami L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Globally, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 and -1 infections contribute to a large disease burden, but their full economic consequences remain unclear. This study aims to estimate the global economic impact of genital HSV-2 and HSV-1 infection and its consequences for people with genital ulcer disease, neonatal herpes, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection attributable to HSV-2.

Methods
Using a societal perspective, the economic burden was calculated at the country level and presented by World Health Organization (WHO) regions and World-Bank income levels. The disease burden was obtained from previously published global disease burden studies in 2016 and disaggregated for 194 countries. Estimates of healthcare resource utilisation were sourced from a literature review, and online interviews were conducted with 20 experts from all 6 WHO regions. Relevant costs were obtained from the literature and estimated in 2016 international dollars (I$).

Results
Both genital HSV-2 (I$31·2 billion) and HSV-1 (I$4·0 billion) infections and their consequences were estimated to cost I$35·3 billion globally in 2016. The major economic burden was from the Americas and Western Pacific regions combined, accounting for almost two-thirds of the global burden (I$20·8 billion). High- and upper-middle-income countries bore a large proportion of the economic burden (76·6% or I$27·0 billion). Costs were driven by the large number of HSV-2 recurrences; however, even assuming conservatively that people with symptomatic herpes have on average only one episode a year, global costs were estimated at I$16·5 billion.

Conclusions
The global costs of genital HSV infection and its consequences are substantial. HSV prevention interventions have the potential to avert a large economic burden in addition to disease burden; thus, efforts to accelerate HSV vaccine development are crucial.
Regional Adiposity and Insulin Sensitivity—Interactions With Menopause and HIV in Middle-Aged Black African Women
Authors: Masemola Maphoko , Mendham Amy E , Micklesfield Lisa K , Pheiffer Carmen , Hawley James , Kengne Andre Pascal , Chikowore Tinashe , Kufe Clement Nyuyki , Crowther Nigel J , Norris Shane , Storbeck Karl-Heinz , Olsson Tommy , Karpe Fredrik , Goedecke Julia H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore depot-specific functional aspects of adipose tissue, examining the putative role for menopause and HIV status on insulin sensitivity (SI) and beta-cell function in Black South African women.

Methods
Women (n = 92) from the Middle-Aged Soweto Cohort, including premenopausal HIV-negative women (n = 21); premenopausal women living with HIV (LWH; n = 11); postmenopausal HIV-negative women (n = 42); and postmenopausal women LWH (n = 18) underwent the following tests: body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry); fasting bloods for sex hormones, inflammation, and adipokines; frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test for SI and beta-cell function (disposition index, DI); abdominal (aSAT) and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (gSAT) biopsies for cell size, and mRNA expression of adipokines, inflammation, and estrogen receptors (ER).

Results
Depot-specific associations between gene expression and insulin parameters did not differ by HIV or menopause status. Pooled analysis showed significant models for SI (P = .002) and DI (P = .003). Higher SI was associated with lower leptin and CD11c expression in aSAT and higher adiponectin in gSAT. Higher DI was associated with higher aSAT and gSAT expression of adiponectin, lipoprotein lipase, ERα, and PPARγ, and lower leptin in aSAT. Women LWH had higher expression of adiponectin and lower expression of leptin in both aSAT (P = .002 and P = .005) and gSAT (P = .004 and P = .002), respectively, and a larger proportion of smaller cells in aSAT (P &lt; .001).

Conclusion
Insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function were distinctively associated with aSAT and gSAT. While menopause did not influence these relationships, HIV had a significant effect on adipose tissue, characterized by variations in cell size distribution and transcript levels within the depots.
NHANES 2011–2014: Objective Physical Activity Is the Strongest Predictor of All-Cause Mortality
Authors: LEROUX ANDREW , CUI ERJIA , SMIRNOVA EKATERINA , MUSCHELLI JOHN , SCHRACK JENNIFER A. , CRAINICEANU CIPRIAN M. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Objectively measured physical activity (PA) is a modifiable risk factor for mortality. Understanding the predictive performance of PA is essential to establish potential targets for early intervention to reduce mortality among older adults.

Methods
The study used a subset of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014 data consisting of participants 50 to 80 yr old (n = 3653, 24297.5 person-years of follow-up, 416 deaths). Eight accelerometry-derived features and 14 traditional predictors of all-cause mortality were compared and ranked in terms of their individual and combined predictive performance using the 10-fold cross-validated concordance (C) from Cox regression.

Results
The top 3 predictors of mortality in univariate analysis were PA related: average Monitor-Independent Movement Summary (MIMS) in the 10 most active hours (C = 0.697), total MIMS per day (C = 0.686), and average log-transformed MIMS in the most 10 active hours of the day (C = 0.684), outperforming age (C = 0.676) and other traditional predictors of mortality. In multivariate regression, adding objectively measured PA to the top performing model without PA variables increased concordance from C = 0.776 to C = 0.790 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
These findings highlight the importance of PA as a risk marker of mortality and are consistent with prior studies, confirming the importance of accelerometer-derived activity measures beyond total volume.
Associations between Sleep and Physical Activity Behavior Clusters and Epigenetic Age Acceleration in Mexican Adolescents
Authors: BANKER MARGARET , JANSEN ERICA C. , GOODRICH JACLYN M. , ENGLISH LINDSEY , DOLINOY DANA C. , SONG PETER X. K. , MITCHELL JONATHAN A. , TÉLLEZ-ROJO MARTHA MARÍA , CANTORAL ALEJANDRA , PETERSON KAREN E. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Epigenetic aging, a marker of biological aging measured by DNA methylation, may be affected by behaviors, including sleep and physical activity. However, investigations of physical activity and sleep with epigenetic aging among pediatric populations are scant and have not accounted for correlated behaviors.

Methods
The study population included 472 Mexico City adolescents (52% female). Blood collection and 7-d wrist actigraphy (Actigraph GTX-BT) occurred during a follow-up visit when participants were 14.5 (2.09) yr. Leukocyte DNA methylation was measured with the Infinium MethylationEPIC array after bisulfite conversion, and nine epigenetic clocks were calculated. Sleep versus wake time was identified through a pruned dynamic programing algorithm, and physical activity was processed with Chandler cutoffs. Kmeans clustering was used to select actigraphy-assessed physical activity and sleep behavior clusters. Linear regression analyses were used to evaluate adjusted associations between the clusters and epigenetic aging.

Results
There were three unique clusters: “Short sleep/high sedentary behavior,” “Adequate sleep duration and late sleep timing/low moderate or vigorous physical activity (MVPA),” and “Adequate sleep duration/high MVPA.” Compared with the “Adequate duration/high MVPA,” adolescents with “Adequate duration and late sleep timing/low MVPA” had more accelerated aging for the GrimAge clock (β = 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.07–1.19). In pubertal-stratified analyses, more mature adolescents in the “Adequate sleep duration and late sleep timing/low MVPA group” had accelerated epigenetic aging. In contrast, females in the “Short sleep/high sedentary” group had decelerated epigenetic aging for the Wu pediatric clock.

Conclusions
Associations between behavior clusters and epigenetic aging varied by pubertal status and sex. Contrary results in the Wu clock suggest the need for future research on pediatric-specific clocks.
Preparedness and Response in the Century of Disasters: Overview of Information Systems Research Frontiers
Authors: Abbasi Ahmed , Dillon Robin , Rao H. Raghav , Liu Sheng Olivia R. 
Published: July 2024

“The Century of Disasters” refers to the increased frequency, complexity, and magnitude of natural and man-made disasters witnessed in the 21st century: the impact of such disasters is exacerbated by infrastructure vulnerabilities, population growth/urbanization, and a challenging policy landscape. Technology-enabled disaster management (TDM) has an important role to play in the Century of Disasters. We highlight four important trends related to TDM, smart technologies and resilience, digital humanitarianism, integrated decision-support and agility, and artificial intelligence–enabled early warning systems, and how the confluence of these trends lead to four research frontiers for information systems researchers. We describe these frontiers, namely the technology-preparedness paradox, socio-technical crisis communication, predicting and prescribing under uncertainty, and fair pipelines, and discuss how the eight articles in the special section are helping us learn about these frontiers. History: Senior editor, Suprateek Sarker. Funding: This study was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) [Grants 2240347 and IIS-2039915]. H. R. Rao is also supported in part by the NSF [Grant 2020252]. The usual disclaimer applies.
Use of the Therapy Outcome Measure in community intermediate care: results of a service evaluation
Authors: Cross Andrea , Chetter Christine , Rajai Azita , Krishnamoorthy Bhuvaneswari 
Published: July 2024

Background/Aims Outcome measures are essential in clinical practice to demonstrate patient improvement and secure funding for services. The purpose of this service evaluation was to explore levels of patient improvement as measured by the Therapy Outcome Measure in a community intermediate care team. Methods A total of 232 patients who completed a course of therapy treatment with a community intermediate care team between December 2021 and February 2023 were scored on admission and at discharge using the Therapy Outcome Measure. Changes in scores from admission to discharge were summarised as percentages or median (interquartile range). The authors assessed if receiving input from intermediate care support workers had an impact on the improvement. Additionally, the authors explored if there was a relationship between change in scores and the number of therapy sessions. Results Across the four Therapy Outcome Measure domains (impairment, activity, participation and wellbeing) the proportion of patients exhibiting a 0.5-point or more increase in scores ranged between 43.5% and 52.2%. Between 0.9% and 3% of patients showed a deterioration in scores and between 47.0% and 54.3% experienced no change in score. Regarding intermediate care support worker input vs no intermediate care support worker input, the proportion of patients that improved by 0.5 points or more was significantly different between the two groups in the impairment domain (67.2% and 43.9% respectively, P=0.003). There were very weak correlations found between the number of therapy sessions and the level of improvement. Conclusions The Therapy Outcome Measure may be a useful tool for community teams to assess patient outcome measures. More studies are required in other community therapy teams to allow for comparison between services. Implications for practice The results of this service evaluation may assist allied health professionals in selecting an appropriate outcome measure to use with their patients and the data may also be useful for benchmarking purposes.