bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring Cement Paste Rheology Using a Modified Dynamic Shear Rheometer: An Approach to Detect Cement-Admixtures Incompatibilities
Authors: Mukhopadhyay A. K. , Jang S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe objective of this research is (1) to develop an easy-to-use Superpave dynamic shear rheometer (DSR)–based device that could measure cement paste rheology with permissible repeatability and sensitivity, and (2) to investigate whether potential cement-admixtures (mineral and chemical) incompatibilities can clearly be identified through direct measurement of cement paste rheology. The DSR was modified to make it suitable for measuring cement paste rheology and a DSR-based rheology test procedure with optimum parameters and test conditions was subsequently developed. An extensive laboratory investigation using the modified and optimized DSR-based rheology test procedure with varieties of cements, supplementary cementitious materials, and different types and dosages of commonly used chemical admixtures under different temperature conditions was conducted. The heat of hydration (HOH) and setting time tests were also performed for all of the studied mixtures as supporting tools. The rheology tests were conducted using both static and dynamic mode of operations. The rate of change of plastic viscosity and yield stress was found to be the most sensitive parameter to identify the studied incompatible mixtures in the static mode and used to develop acceptance criteria. Similarly, monitoring storage modulus over time followed by determining ultimate storage modulus was used to detect the same incompatible mixtures in the dynamic mode. The rheology-based test results are strongly supported by the HOH and setting time results. The test results show that DSR in modified form is capable of measuring cement paste rheology with permissible reproducibility and sensitivity and detecting incompatible mixtures. The modified DSR-based procedure has a great potential to detect problematic combinations of concrete ingredients during the mixture-design process and thereby avoid concrete cracking and other durability issues resulting from incompatibilities.
Flow Optimization of Gas Quenching Processes Using Perforated Plates
Authors: Bucquet Thibaud , Fritsching Udo 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Industrial gas quenching is a cost-effective, environmental-friendly alternative to conventional fluid-based quenching processes used for the heat treatment of workpieces mainly in the automotive industry. The influence of the heat exchanger geometry in a novel gas quenching chamber on the gas flow was investigated through measurement in parallel to CFD-simulations. With reduced quenching chamber dimensions, a flow guiding system utilizing a perforated plate placed between the heat exchanger and the batch has been found to play a significant role on the velocity and turbulence distribution of the gas flow. The use of various perforated plates in this gas quenching process focuses on the exploration of two main parameters: plate porosity and perforation hole diameters. By combining in situ flow and CFD-simulations of heat and fluid flow, optimized parameters have been determined indicating improved uniformity and intensity of the velocity distribution in the quenching chamber, thus obtaining the potential of an overall improvement of the gas quenching process. Geometric parameters of perforated plates introduced into the gas quenching chamber facility are investigated as, e.g., the distance between the plate and the batch. More generally, the use of a perforated plate system to optimize gas flows may be extended to other applications where tube bundle heat exchangers in gas flow processes are involved.
Cooling Characteristics of Meso- and Nanofluids Prepared by the DPIE Method
Authors: Dolinsky A. A. , Grabov L. N. , Moskalenko A. A. , Grabova T. L. , Logvinenko P. N. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe authors have evaluated eco-friendly base fluids for hardening steel such as canola oil and soybean oil to identify alternative renewable quenchants using basestocks available in Ukraine. Meso- and nanofluids were prepared by the discrete-pulse input of energy (DPIE) method. It has been established that the cooling intensity of these quenchants depends not only on the composition of the base fluid and the meso- or nanoparticles but also on the methods of preparation. The influence of the DPIE method on cooling characteristics of vegetable oils was studied. High-temperature cooling properties within the temperature range of 200°C–850°C exceed the observed properties of traditional mineral oil-based quenchants.
Secular trends in the prognostic factors for papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Choi Hoonsung , Lim Jung Ah , Ahn Hwa Young , Cho Sun Wook , Lee Kyu Eun , Kim Kyung Won , Yi Ka Hee , Sung Myung-Whun , Youn Yeo-Kyu , Chung June-Key , Park Young Joo , Park Do Joon , Cho Bo Youn 
Published: August 2014

ObjectiveWith the recent increasing rates of screening for thyroid cancer, the cancers now tend to be smaller and less aggressive than those that are diagnosed when presented with symptoms, suggesting changes in the clinical validity of conventional prognostic factors for outcomes. We performed the retrospective study to identify the secular trends in the prognostic factors of thyroid cancer.MethodsWe used medical records of 3147 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) at the Seoul National University Hospital Thyroid Cancer Clinic between 1962 and 2009.ResultsDuring the median 5.1-year follow-up, the overall recurrence rate was 13.3%, and male sex, tumor size, lymph node (LN) involvement, and extrathyroidal extension (ETE) were the significant prognostic factors for recurrence. Thyroid cancer-specific mortality was 1.4%, and the associated prognostic factors were older age, male sex, and LN involvement. For tumor recurrence, the hazard ratio (HR) for male sex decreased from 2.809 (95% CI, 1.497–5.269) in the pre-1989 period to 1.142 (95% CI, 0.736–1.772) in the post-1999 period. The pathologic characteristics, such as tumor size, LN involvement, and ETE, showed similar or increasing HRs over the time periods. For cancer-specific mortality, the HR for male sex decreased from 6.460 (95% CI, 1.714–24.348) in the pre-1990 period to 0.781 (95% CI, 0.083–7.379) in the post-1999 period.ConclusionThe risk for poor outcomes in PTC associated with male sex decreased over time; in contrast, the risk associated with pathologic characteristics remained the same or increased over time. These trends might be associated with recent changes in the characteristics of patients with thyroid cancer.
Standard versus Limited Colon Resection for High Risk T1 Colon Cancer. A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: La Torre Marco , Nigri Giuseppe , Mazzuca Federica , Ferri Mario , Botticelli Andrea , Lorenzon Laura , Pilozzi Emanuela , Ziparo Vincenzo 
Published: August 2014

Background & Aims: National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends a colectomy in presence of high risk T1 colon polyps considering the risk of incomplete lymph node dissection or presence of residual disease. We evaluated the outcomes of segmental versus standard colon resection for high risk T1 colon cancers, in order to demonstrate if segmental colectomy (SegCR) allows same short-term and oncological results compared to standard radical colectomy (StaCR).Methods. A matched case-control study on patients who had undergone segmental versus standard colon resection was performed. One-hundred and two patients with high risk T1 colon cancer after endoscopic polypectomy, divided in 2 homogeneous groups of 51 cases, were analyzed, and intra-operative, post-operative and oncological data were compared.Results. Segmental colectomy allowed less operative time and intra-operative blood loss compared to StaCR (p < 0.001). Hospital stay after SegCR was shorter compared to StaCR (p < 0.001). No differences were found in terms of overall morbidity and mortality rates. Five-year actuarial overall, disease-free and disease-specific survival after StaCR were similar to SegCR (87%, 96% and 95% vs. 88%, 97% and 94%, respectively, p = 0.51, p=0.33, p=0.78).Conclusions. According to our findings, SegCR can be a valid alternative to StaCR for high risk T1 colon polyps. Segmental colectomy allows better peri-operative outcomes compared to StaCR ensuring the same oncological long-term outcomes.
Melanoma and non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients following Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitor Monotherapy and in Combination with Thiopurines: Analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: McKenna Michael R. , Stobaugh Derrick J. , Deepak Parakkal 
Published: August 2014

Background & Aims: Reports have shown an increased risk of melanoma skin cancer (MSC) with exposure to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) with thiopurine exposure in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) we sought to evaluate the odds of developing MSC and NMSC for patients on TNF-α inhibitors as monotherapy and in combination therapy with thiopurines and/or steroids.Methods: The FAERS was queried for reports between January 2003 and June 2012. A proportional reporting ratio (PRR) metric analyses was performed on the data to determine the odds of developing MSC and NMSC.Results: The PRR analysis showed increased odds of developing MSC and NMSC for patients on a TNF-α inhibitor (p-value = 0.035 and p-value = 0.03, respectively) and those on a TNF-α inhibitor in combination with a thiopurine (p-value < 0.001 and p-value < 0.001).Conclusion: TNF-α inhibitor monotherapy or use with concomitant thiopurines in patients with IBD is associated with higher odds of developing MSC and NMSC.
Rapid Fecal Calprotectin Level Assessment and the SIBDQ Score Can Accurately Detect Active Mucosal Inammation in IBD Patients in Clinical Remission: a Prospective Study
Authors: Voiosu Theodor , Bengus Andreea , Dinu Roxana , Voiosu Andrei M. , Balanescu Paul , Baicus Cristian , Diculescu Mircea , Voiosu Radu , Mateescu Bogdan 
Published: August 2014

Background & Aims: Mucosal healing is an important predictor of disease-related outcome in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, including those in clinical remission. However, colonoscopy is an invasive procedure and many patients decline repeated endoscopic examinations. We aimed to assess whether noninvasive biomarkers could accurately detect endoscopic mucosal inflammatory activity in IBD patients in clinical remission.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study on IBD patients in clinical remission at Colentina Hospital, Bucharest. Clinical activity was assessed using the Mayo score and Crohns Disease Activity Index (CDAI), quality of life was assessed using the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (FC) levels were determined. All patients underwent ileo-colonoscopy to assess mucosal inflammatory activity.Results: 48 patients were included in this study, with 67% showing endoscopic disease activity. SIBD questionnaire and FC performed well as noninvasive markers of intestinal inflammation (AUROC 0.78 and 0.77, respectively), while CRP could not accurately predict endoscopic disease activity. Fecal calprotectin levels > 30 ľg/g showed a 93% sensitivity and a 50% specificity for detecting inflammatory changes of the mucosa while a combined test using FC > 30µg/g and a SIBDQ score < 6 achieved 81.2% sensitivity and 75% specificity, respectively, in detecting active endoscopic disease.Conclusion: Fecal calprotectin and SIBDQ have good diagnostic accuracy in detecting mucosal inflammatory changes in IBD patients in clinical remission. Combining simple, noninvasive tests such as the SIBDQ and FC levels appears to be a practical method for monitoring disease activity in these patients, possibly reducing the need for repeat endoscopic examinations.
An image analysis procedure to quantify the air void system of mortar and concrete
Authors: Fonseca P. C. , Scherer G. W. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe entrained air void system in cement paste and concrete directly affects both the fresh-state workability and the freeze-thaw durability of concrete pavements and structures. In order to effectively study the air void system, the volume, spacing, and size distribution of the air bubbles must be quantified. This manuscript describes an inexpensive and effective procedure to quantify the air void system using automatic image analysis. We compare various materials used for sample preparation and recommend a procedure to create more accurate images. We further implement a stereological analysis method in the form of a user-friendly and customizable Matlab script. The script was verified by comparing bulk density measurements between air-entrained and control samples with the air content computed by image analysis. As a result, the user can quantify the air void system in a variety of samples by computing the air content, specific surface, spacing, and size distribution of the bubbles.
Interference Fracturing: Nonuniform Distributions of Perforation Clusters That Promote Simultaneous Growth of Multiple Hydraulic Fractures
Authors: Peirce A.P.. P. , Bunger A.P.. P. 
Published: August 2014

Summary
One of the important hurdles in horizontal-well stimulation is the generation of hydraulic fractures (HFs) from all perforation clusters within a given stage, despite the challenges posed by stress shadowing and reservoir variability. In this paper, we use a newly developed, fully coupled, parallel-planar 3D HF model to investigate the potential to minimize the negative impact of stress shadowing and thereby to promote more-uniform fracture growth across an array of HFs by adjusting the location of the perforation clusters. In this model, the HFs are assumed to evolve in an array of parallel planes with full 3D stress coupling while the constant fluid influx into the wellbore is dynamically partitioned to each fracture so that the wellbore pressure is the same throughout the array. The model confirms the phenomenon of inner-fracture suppression because of stress shadowing when the perforation clusters are uniformly distributed. Indeed, the localization of the fracture growth to the outer fractures is so dominant that the total fractured area generated by uniform arrays is largely independent of the number of perforation clusters. However, numerical experiments indicate that certain nonuniform cluster spacings promote a profound improvement in the even development of fracture growth. Identifying this effect relies on this new model's ability to capture the full hydrodynamical coupling between the simultaneously evolving HFs in their transition from radial to Perkins-Kern-Nordgren (PKN)-like geometries (Perkins and Kern 1961; Nordgren 1972).
Myxopapillary Ependymoma of Filum Terminale
Authors: Koev Ilian G. , Poryazova Elena G. , Kitova Tania T. , Miryanov Petar Zh. , Kitov Borislav D. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
We report a case of 56-year-old patient suffering from myxopapillary ependymoma of filum terminale at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The patient presented with progressive complaints of permanent pain in the anal and sacral region with duration of 8 months. When sneezing or attempting to do brisk movements, the pain irradiated to the posterior surface of the right thigh. Vertebral syndrome was absent. Neurological examination demonstrated no other abnormalities. Magnetic-resonance imaging showed intradural tumor of cauda equina at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The present article discusses the role of MRI in the diagnosis of clinical cases presenting with atypical lumboradiculalgia. We have put an emphasis on the early diagnosis of myxopapillary ependymoma of filum terminale which has an impact on the surgical strategy and postoperative outcome.
Influence of the PDMS substrate stiffness on the adhesion of Acanthamoeba castellanii
Authors: Gutekunst Sören B , Grabosch Carsten , Kovalev Alexander , Gorb Stanislav N , Selhuber-Unkel Christine 
Published: August 2014

Background: Mechanosensing of cells, particularly the cellular response to substrates with different elastic properties, has been discovered in recent years, but almost exclusively in mammalian cells. Much less attention has been paid to mechanosensing in other cell systems, such as in eukaryotic human pathogens.Results: We report here on the influence of substrate stiffness on the adhesion of the human pathogen Acanthamoebae castellanii (A. castellanii). By comparing the cell adhesion area of A. castellanii trophozoites on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates with different Young’s moduli (4 kPa, 29 kPa, and 128 kPa), we find significant differences in cell adhesion area as a function of substrate stiffness. In particular, the cell adhesion area of A. castellanii increases with a decreasing Young’s modulus of the substrate.Conclusion: The dependence of A. castellanii adhesion on the elastic properties of the substrate is the first study suggesting a mechanosensory effect for a eukaryotic human pathogen. Interestingly, the main targets of A. castellanii infections in the human body are the eye and the brain, i.e., very soft environments. Thus, our study provides first hints towards the relevance of mechanical aspects for the pathogenicity of eukaryotic parasites.
El ethos en la « conversacionalización » del discurso público. Las alocuciones de asunción de la presidente argentina Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
Authors: Vitale María Alejandra 
Published: August 2014

Cet article fait un retour critique sur la manière dont N. Fairclough utilise la notion d’éthos (1992, 1995 a ), empruntée à D. Maingueneau (1978) dans la perspective de l’analyse du discours critique. Nous nous y examinons également les réflexions de Fairclough sur l’identité sociale et la personnalité (2003). Ces réflexions sont étroitement liées à la notion d’éthos bien que le terme ne soit pas utilisé dans son dernier travail auquel nous faisons référence. Nous analysons par la suite les discours d’inauguration successifs (2007, 2011) de la présidente argentine Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. Nous montrons que la « conversationnalisation » du discours public qui découle de « l’informalisation des identités »(Fairclough 1992, 1995 ab , 2003) est liée à la construction par la présidente d’un éthos militant (Vitale 2013). Cela se voit dans la manière dont Cristina Fernández de Kirchner transgresse les conventions du genre « discours d’inauguration »(Chumaceiro 2006, Chumaceiro et Alvarez 2007, Campbell et Jamieson 2008). Ces conventions exigent l’utilisation d’un langage formel, l’adhésion au protocole et la construction de l’auditoire comme une communauté nationale en évitant la polémique et en affirmant les valeurs qui unissent le pays. Or, la présidente argentine construit un éthos militant de manière verbale et non verbale à travers le sourire qui augmente l’impression d’informalité ainsi que la nature polémique de ses énoncés.
Éthos et interaction : analyse du débat politique Hollande-Sarkozy
Authors: Sandré Marion 
Published: August 2014

Cet article analyse l’éthos, tel qu’il s’est révélé dans le débat de l’entre-deux-tours de l’élection présidentielle française de 2012, entre François Hollande et Nicolas Sarkozy. Après avoir défini la notion d’éthos en fonction de l’analyse du discours, de l’analyse des interactions, du discours politique et médiatique, je présente ma méthodologie pour appréhender l’éthos dans son corpus. L’étude du débat se divise en deux catégories : l’image affichée par le locuteur et l’image attribuée par l’interlocuteur, chacune révélant des marqueurs de l’éthos différents. L’analyse s’intéresse à l’éthos dit dans le discours et à l’éthos montré par le discours et par le comportement des interactants. L’objectif est d’expliquer les différentes (dé) constructions que les candidats font de leur propre image et de celle de leur adversaire dans l’échange. On montrera que la gestion de l’image dans ce genre, et plus particulièrement dans ce corpus, est complexe. La forte interactivité implique que l’éthos soit construit par les deux concurrents. Comme il ne reste que deux candidats à l’issue du premier tour, l’éthos se construit en miroir : pendant qu’un candidat tente d’élaborer une image positive de lui-même, l’autre poursuit le but opposé et lui attribue une image négative. L’essentiel est de trouver un juste équilibre entre ces deux dynamiques pour ne pas ternir sa propre image en montrant un comportement trop agressif. Dans ce débat, la gestion de l’image est l’enjeu même de l’échange : elle se doit d’être convaincante aux yeux du public.
Au-delà de l'éthos discursif : l'éthos galant
Authors: Grinshpun Yana 
Published: August 2014

Dans cet article, nous essayons de montrer la polyvalence de la notion d’éthos ainsi que les problèmes qu’elle soulève en considérant les pratiques sociales « galantes » au XVII e siècle et celles qui s’en inspirent au XXI e siècle. Dans le cas de la galanterie, on a affaire à des pratiques collectives pour lesquelles on ne peut pas séparer éthos discursif et éthos non discursif. Le concept d’incorporation permet de mieux rendre compte de son fonctionnement. Nous montrons qu’à travers la discipline du corps et la maîtrise des interactions verbales l’éthos contribue de manière décisive à construire l’identité du groupe en lui permettant de se distinguer. Ces normes sont réfléchies dans des discours experts, en particulier ceux de Madeleine de Scudéry sur la conversation. Pour terminer, nous étudions à travers l’exemple de l’Ecole de la courtoisie comment aujourd’hui ce type de normes s’intègre dans le processus de distinction sociale à travers lequel se légitiment les élites.
De la culture écrite à l'illettrisme
Authors: Filhon Alexandra 
Published: August 2014

Aujourd’hui les durées d’études ne cessent de s’allonger et la détention d’un diplôme est de plus en plus souvent exigée pour accéder au marché du travail. Dans ce contexte socioéconomique, les situations d’illettrisme sont appréhendées comme un « problème » majeur pour la société qu’il faut impérativement évaluer pour mieux y remédier. Partant de ce constat, cet article vise à montrer que la mesure de cette situation sociale ne peut être perçue comme le miroir de la réalité sociale. Derrière la construction d’une catégorie statistique réside des rapports à l’écrit divers et surtout un vécu qui ne peut être saisi uniquement en termes de difficultés, de manques ou d’incapacités. Loin d’être dépourvus de ressources sociales et de capacités de mobilisation, les personnes évaluées en difficulté en français ne se vivent pas nécessairement comme des « illettrés » malgré les discours normatifs véhiculés.