bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the economic effect of harm associated with high risk prescribing of oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in England: population based cohort and economic modelling study
Authors: Camacho Elizabeth M , Penner Leonie S , Taylor Amy , Guthrie Bruce , Avery Anthony J , Ashcroft Darren M , Morales Daniel R , Rogers Gabriel , Chuter Antony , Elliott Rachel A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To quantify prevalence, harms, and NHS costs in England of problematic oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prescribing in high risk groups.

Design
Population based cohort and economic modelling study.

Setting
Economic models estimating patient harm associated with NSAID specific hazardous prescribing events, and cost to the English NHS, over a 10 year period, were combined with trends of hazardous prescribing event to estimate national levels of patient harm and NHS costs.

Participants
Eligible participants were prescribed oral NSAIDs and were in five high risk groups: older adults (≥65 years) with no gastroprotection; people who concurrently took oral anticoagulants; or those with heart failure, chronic kidney disease, or a history of peptic ulcer.

Main outcome measures
Prevalence of hazardous prescribing events, by each event and overall, discounted quality adjusted life years (QALYs) lost, and cost to the NHS in England of managing harm.

Results

QALY losses and cost increases were observed for each hazardous prescribing event (
v
no hazardous prescribing event). Mean QALYs per person were between 0.01 (95% credibility interval (CI) 0.01 to 0.02) lower with history of peptic ulcer, to 0.11 (0.04 to 0.19) lower with chronic kidney disease. Mean cost increases ranged from a non-statistically significant £14 (€17; $18) (95% CI −£71 to £98) in heart failure, to a statistically significant £1097 (£236 to £2542) in people concurrently taking anticoagulants. Prevalence of hazardous prescribing events per 1000 patients ranged from 0.11 in people who have had a peptic ulcer to 1.70 in older adults. Nationally, the most common hazardous prescribing event (older adults with no gastroprotection) resulted in 1929 (1416 to 2452) QALYs lost, costing £2.46m (£0.65m to £4.68m). The greatest impact was in people concurrently taking oral anticoagulants: 2143 (894 to 4073) QALYs lost, costing £25.41m (£5.25m to £60.01m). Over 10 years, total QALYs lost were estimated to be 6335 (4471 to 8658) and an NHS cost for England of £31.43m (£9.28m to £67.11m).

Conclusions
NSAIDs continue to be a source of avoidable harm and healthcare cost in these five high risk populations, especially in inducing an acute event in people with chronic condition and people taking oral anticoagulants.
Developing a nomogram model for 3-month prognosis in patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis: a multifactor logistic regression model approach
Authors: Li Yinglei , Li Litao , Qie Tao 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThis study is to establish a nomination graph model for individualised early prediction of the 3-month prognosis of patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) receiving intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.DesignFor the period from January 2016 through August 2022, 991 patients who had an acute stroke eligible for intravenous thrombolysis were included in the retrospective analysis study. The study was based on multifactor logistic regression.ParticipantsPatients who received treatment from January 2016 to February 2021 were included in the training cohort, and those who received treatment from March 2021 to August 2022 were included in the testing cohort.InterventionsEach patient received intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 hours of onset, with treatment doses divided into standard doses (0.9 mg/kg).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was a 3-month adverse outcome (modified Rankin Scale 3–6).ResultsThe National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score after thrombolysis (OR=1.18; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.36; p = 0.015), door-to-needle time (OR=1.01; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.02; p = 0.003), baseline blood glucose (OR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.16; p=0.042), blood homocysteine (OR=7.14; 95% CI: 4.12 to 12.71; p<0.001), monocytes (OR=0.05; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.043; p=0.005) and monocytes/high-density lipoprotein (OR=62.93; 95% CI: 16.51 to 283.08; p<0.001) were independent predictors of adverse outcomes 3 months after intravenous thrombolysis, and the above six factors were included in the nominated DGHM2N nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of the training cohort was 0.870 (95% CI: 0.841 to 0.899) and in the testing cohort was 0.822 (95% CI: 0.769 to 0.875).ConclusionsA reliable nomogram model (DGHM2N model) was developed and validated in this study. This nomogram could individually predict the adverse outcome of patients who had an AIS receiving intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for 3 months.
Assessing the effectiveness of “BETTER Women”, a community-based, primary care-linked peer health coaching programme for chronic disease prevention: protocol for a pragmatic, wait-list controlled, type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial
Authors: Kithulegoda Natasha , Williams Camille , Senthilmurugan Aranee , Aimola Sabrina , Atkinson John , Banerjee Ananya Tina , Bazeghi Farnaz , Bender Jacqueline L , Flynn Susan , Ghatage Lena , Goulbourne Elaine , Grunfeld Eva , Heisey Ruth , Rao Anjana , Sutcliffe Kaylyn , Lofters Aisha , Ivers Noah M 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe Building on Existing Tools to Improve Cancer and Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening in Primary Care (BETTER) programme trains allied health professionals working in primary care settings to develop personalised chronic disease ‘prevention prescriptions’ with patients. However, maintenance of health behaviour changes is difficult without ongoing support. Sustainable options to enhance the BETTER programme and ensure accessibility to underserved populations are needed. We designed the BETTER Women programme, which uses a digital app to match patients with a trained peer health coach (PHC) who provides ongoing support for health behaviour change after receipt of a BETTER prevention prescription in primary care.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a type 1 hybrid implementation-effectiveness patient-randomised trial. Interested women aged 40–68 years will be recruited from three large, sociodemographically distinct primary care clinics (urban, suburban and rural). Patients will be randomised 1:1 to intervention or wait-list control after receipt of their BETTER prevention prescription. We will aim to recruit 204 patients per group (408 total). Effectiveness will be assessed by the primary outcome of targeted behaviours achieved for each participant at 6 months, consisting of three cancer screening tests (cervical, breast and colorectal) and four behavioural determinants of cancer and chronic disease (diet, smoking, alcohol use and physical activity). Data will be collected through patient survey and clinical chart review, measured at 3, 6 and 12 months. Implementation outcomes will be assessed through patient surveys and interviews with patients, peer health coaches and healthcare providers. An embedded economic evaluation will examine cost per quality-adjusted life-year and per additional health behavioural targets achieved.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by Women’s College Hospital Research Ethics Board (REB), the Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre REB and the University of Toronto REB. All participants will provide informed consent prior to enrolment. Participation is voluntary and withdrawal will have no impact on the usual care received from their primary care provider. The results of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals and shared via conference presentations. Deidentified datasets will be shared on request, after publication of results.Trial registration numberNCT04746859.
Intersection of adverse childhood experiences, suicide and overdose prevention
Authors: Austin Anna E , DePadilla Lara , Niolon Phyllis , Stone Deborah , Bacon Sarah 
Published: July 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), suicide and overdose are linked across the life course and across generations and share common individual-, interpersonal-, community- and societal-level risk factors. The purpose of this review is to summarise the shared aetiology of these public health issues, synthesise evidence regarding potential community- and societal-level prevention strategies and discuss future research and practice directions.Growing evidence shows the potential for community- and societal-level programmes and policies, including higher minimum wage; expanded Medicaid eligibility; increased earned income tax credits, child tax credits and temporary assistance for needy families benefits; Paid Family Leave; greater availability of affordable housing and rental assistance; and increased participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), to contribute to ACEs, suicide and overdose prevention. Considerations for future prevention efforts include (1) expanding the evidence base through rigorous research and evaluation; (2) assessing the implications of prevention strategies for equity; (3) incorporating a relational health perspective; (4) enhancing community capacity to implement, scale and sustain evidenced-informed prevention strategies; and (5) acknowledging that community- and societal-level prevention strategies are longer-term strategies.
Herpes zoster oftálmico em paciente pediátrico: um relato de caso
Authors: Andrade Matheus Carvalho Nascimento de , Costa Clara Soares , Bomtempo Gabriel Campos , Fernandes Herbert José , Coelho Amanda Maria e Silva , Montoro Pedro de Moura Campos 
Published: July 2024

O herpes vírus (HHV) é uma família heterogênea, que apresenta oito tipos distintos de vírus, podendo causar diferentes manifestações em humanos. Este relato de caso abordará sobre a infecção em um paciente pediátrico pelo tipo 3 (HHV-3), denominado vírus varicela zoster (VVZ). Paciente, sexo masculino, oito anos de idade, com cartão de vacina atualizado, chegou ao pronto atendimento, acompanhado pela mãe, com queixa de aparecimento de lesões papulares em hemiface esquerda e febre de 38°C, há um dia. Recebeu avaliação inicial com indicação de uso de sintomáticos e Aciclovir de uso tópico, seguida de alta hospitalar. Retornou ao pronto atendimento com quadro de cefaleia e vômitos em jato. Foi internado em enfermaria pediátrica para a coleta do líquor, que não demonstrou alterações, e iniciado Aciclovir endovenoso. Intercorreu com infecção bacteriana secundária nas lesões, sendo iniciado antibioticoterapia com Oxacilina. Evoluiu com boa resposta clínica, recebendo alta para acompanhamento ambulatorial. O presente relato expôs a infecção por HZ em um paciente de oito anos de idade, faixa etária de baixa incidência da doença. O caso ressalta a importância do diagnóstico precoce e elucida o impacto do atraso no tratamento.
Esquizofrenia catatônica: relato de caso
Authors: Correia Emanuel de Freitas , Eugênio Igor Guedes , Andrade Kelly Cristina Lira de , Correia Esiane de Freitas , Peixoto Audenis Lima de Aguiar 
Published: July 2024

Descrever um caso de Esquizofrenia Catatônica em jovem. Metodologia: O relato de caso é de caráter observacional e foi aprovado pelo Comitê de ética de uma Instituição Pública de Alagoas. O caso foi acompanhado no Ambulatório de Saúde Mental Dr. Alberto Magalhães inserido no complexo do Hospital Escola Portugal Ramalho. O paciente foi recrutado por busca ativa e informado, assim como a sua responsável, acerca das informações relativas à pesquisa. A partir da autorização assinada, que foi solicitada pelos pesquisadores através de entrevista baseada nos princípios de consulta médica, estando presente todos os orientandos e um dos orientadores. Realizou-se consulta de fonte secundária de dados e utilização das informações clínicas de admissão, internação e resumo de alta, registrados em prontuários revisados no Hospital, cuja identificação do participante permaneceu resguardada. Relato de Caso: Paciente sexo masculino, 28 anos, solteiro, sem filhos. Acompanhado pela mãe que relata episódios de “surtos” recentes, tendo invadido igrejas, estabelecimentos e destruído patrimônios. Refere ainda agitação psicomotora e agressividade. Apresenta discurso incompreensível e indiferença às perguntas realizadas. Por vezes, ficando em silêncio e inerte. Outras, com solilóquio e mudança no tom da voz. Não aceitava medicações, estava inquieto e saía diversas vezes de casa com dromomania. Aproximadamente há 15 dias, começou a não tomar banho e ficar sem comer, aceitando apenas água. Discussão: O diagnóstico prévio de esquizofrenia fortaleceu a principal hipótese diagnóstica de estado catatônico relacionado à esquizofrenia. Nota-se que houve acometimento acentuado das integridades mental, física e social, uma vez que o paciente não se alimentava corretamente, possuía higiene pessoal prejudicada, postura e atitude inadequadas, com atividade motora baseada em estereotipias e maneirismos, além de furor catatônico, estupor, negativismo e obediência automática. Conclusões: Portanto, manejar a esquizofrenia, e ser conhecedor das variadas apresentações, possibilita assistência de qualidade, proporcionando um bem-estar digno ao indivíduo.
Torque and power of knee extensor muscles at individualized isokinetic angular velocities
Authors: Hong Jiheon , Woo Jonggeun , Jeon Jeongwoo 
Published: July 2024

Objective Existing isokinetic contractions are characterized using standardized angular velocities, which can induce differing adaptations. Here, we characterized the variation in the isokinetic parameters of knee extensors according to individualized angular velocity (IAV). Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 19 young, healthy men. We measured the maximum angular velocity (MAV) of concentric knee extension using the isotonic mode of an isokinetic dynamometer. Isometric and isokinetic (at angular velocities corresponding to 100%, 70%, 40%, and 10% of each individual’s MAV) knee extensor contractions were performed, and the peak torque and mean power were recorded. Results Peak torque significantly decreased with increasing IAV (129.42 ± 25.04, 84.37 ± 20.97, and 56.42 ± 16.18 Nm at 40%, 70%, and 100%, respectively), except for isometric contraction (233.36 ± 47.85) and at 10% of MAV (208 ± 48.55). At the mean power, 10% of MAV (74.52 ± 20.84 W) was significantly lower than the faster IAV (176.32 ± 49.64, 161.53 ± 56.55, and 145.95 ± 50.64 W at 40%, 70%, and 100%, respectively), and 100% was significantly lower than 40%. Conclusion The optimized IAV for isokinetic contraction to improve power output while maintaining torque is 10% to 40% of MAV. IAV may reflect both the velocity and force components of power because individuals do not have the same angular velocity.
Comparison of pipeline embolization device and flow redirection endoluminal device in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Musmar Basel , Orscelik Atakan , Salim Hamza , Musmar Fares , Adeeb Nimer , Naamani Kareem El , Essibayi Muhammed Amir , Spellicy Samantha , Abdelgadir Jihad , Dmytriw Adam A. , Patel Aman B. , Pereira Vitor Mendes , Cuellar-Saenz Hugo H. , Guthikonda Bharat , Zomorodi Ali , Jabbour Pascal , Hasan David 
Published: July 2024

Background Advancements in flow diversion technology have revolutionized the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The pipeline embolization device (PED) and the flow redirection endoluminal device (FRED) have emerged as prominent tools in this field. This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy profiles of PED and FRED in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Methods Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Studies comparing PED and FRED were included and data extraction focused on study characteristics, patient demographics, and clinical and radiological outcomes. Primary outcomes were favorable outcomes, described as modified Rankin scale (mRS) 0–2 score, and complete/near-complete occlusion, while secondary outcomes included retreatment rate and thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications. Results Five studies, comprising 1238 patients, were included. No significant differences were found between PED and FRED in terms of complete occlusion at 6 months and 1 year, complete/near-complete occlusion at the last follow up, retreatment rates, and thromboembolic, in-stent thrombosis and hemorrhagic complications. However, FRED was significantly associated with higher favorable outcomes compared to PED (odds ratio: 0.37; confidence interval: 0.17 to 0.81; p = 0.01). Conclusion This study showed that both PED and FRED had comparable rates of complete occlusion, retreatment and complications, and FRED also demonstrated a higher likelihood of achieving favorable outcomes. The study underscores the need for further research with larger cohorts and longer follow up to consolidate these findings.
Glenoid notching after reverse shoulder arthroplasty: The influence of different neck-shaft angles
Authors: Pereira Catarina , Carrapatoso Manuel , Barros Luís H , Claro Rui 
Published: July 2024

Background The implications of notching in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and its relation with the rate of complications are still unclear. Our main aim was to retrospectively study the notching incidence in the three most used implants in our practice, considering their different neck-shaft angle (NSA) and determine its relation with implant failure, or other complications. Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical and imaging records of 259 patients who underwent RSA in our hospital, including surgery reports, prosthesis designs and techniques. We assessed all radiographs taken during the follow up to evaluate notching incidence, progression and signs of failure. Results Notching occurred in 35% cases. The average time to notch development was 19 months. Implants with a lower NSA showed significantly lower incidence of notching when compared to other implants ( P < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, the NSA proved to be an independent predictor for the occurrence of notching in this series. Discussion According to our results, higher NSA is an independent predictor of the occurrence of notching. There was significant increase in the notching rate with follow up. In the future, larger case series with longer follow-up are necessary to evaluate the relation between notching and radiological and clinical complications.
Successful surgical separation of asymmetrical caudal duplication or parasitic twinning in a kitten
Authors: Botsoglou Rachel , Albert Rebecca , Krauß Maximiljan 
Published: July 2024

Case summary A female kitten with two ectopic supernumerary pelvic limbs arising from the umbilicus was born in our clinic. Five weeks after the kitten’s birth, she showed an acute deterioration in condition, with clinical signs of an ileus in the intestines entering the supernumerary body part. We then performed a surgical separation of the supernumerary limbs and intestines. Based on clinical findings and radiography, the kitten was classified as a case of parasitic twinning-omphalopagus or a subtype of asymmetrical caudal duplication, rather than a case of polymelia. Parasitic twinning and caudal duplication are rare congenital malformations in many animal species and in humans, which can often have a poor outcome. Almost 1 year after the separation, the cat appeared to be living a normal life without complications. Relevance and novel information A good outcome is rare in parasitic twinning because many of these animals present with other concurrent health issues, such as congenital heart malformation or cleft palate, or they are stillborn. However, this pathological entity is scarce in small animal medicine, and there is no documented survival rate. To our knowledge, this is the first officially documented case of parasitic twinning-omphalopagus in a cat in the past decade.
Remote sensing mental health: A systematic review of factors essential to clinical translation from validation research
Authors: Bidargaddi Niranjan , Leibbrandt Richard , Paget Tamara L , Verjans Johan , Looi Jeffrey CL , Lipschitz Jessica 
Published: July 2024

Background Mental illness remains a major global health challenge largely due to the absence of definitive biomarkers applicable to diagnostics and care processes. Although remote sensing technologies, embedded in devices such as smartphones and wearables, offer a promising avenue for improved mental health assessments, their clinical integration has been slow. Objective This scoping review, following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, explores validation studies of remote sensing in clinical mental health populations, aiming to identify critical factors for clinical translation. Methods Comprehensive searches were conducted in six databases. The analysis, using narrative synthesis, examined clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of the populations studied, sensing purposes, temporal considerations and reference mental health assessments used for validation. Results The narrative synthesis of 50 included studies indicates that ten different sensor types have been studied for tracking and diagnosing mental illnesses, primarily focusing on physical activity and sleep patterns. There were many variations in the sensor methodologies used that may affect data quality and participant burden. Observation durations, and thus data resolution, varied by patient diagnosis. Currently, reference assessments predominantly rely on deficit focussed self-reports, and socio-demographic information is underreported, therefore representativeness of the general population is uncertain. Conclusion To fully harness the potential of remote sensing in mental health, issues such as reliance on self-reported assessments, and lack of socio-demographic context pertaining to generalizability need to be addressed. Striking a balance between resolution, data quality, and participant burden whilst clearly reporting limitations, will ensure effective technology use. The scant reporting on participants’ socio-demographic data suggests a knowledge gap in understanding the effectiveness of passive sensing techniques in disadvantaged populations.