bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shake‐table tests on steel moment‐resisting frames with detachable yielding zones
Authors: Landolfo Raffaele , D'Aniello Mario , Safaei Shayan , Tartaglia Roberto , Di Sarno Luigi , Le Maoult Alain , Rastiello Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article presents an experimental campaign based on shake table tests conducted as part of the European research project FUTURE, funded in the framework of the H2020‐INFRAIA SERA program. Three steel moment‐resisting frame structures equipped with replaceable dissipative elements were tested. The experimental mockups were scaled two thirds from a reference building archetype designed per the latest draft of the upcoming version of Eurocode 8. Each mockup has different bolted end‐plate beam‐to‐column joints, namely reduced beam section (RBS), extended stiffened endplate (ESEP), and Haunched types, designed with European seismic prequalification rules. Additionally, detachable column segments at the base were designed with Reduced Column Sections (RCS) to localize the plastic deformation and enforce the intended global dissipation mechanism. The slab was detailed with reduced areas around the columns to minimize the direct composite action at beam‐to‐column joints. The mockups were subjected to incremental near‐field excitations with combined horizontal and vertical components. In this article, the experimental campaign is first described, providing details on the mockup's geometry, design, scaling, ground excitations, and sensor distribution. Then, the observed global and local responses are discussed. The results demonstrate that the global response of the mockups was significantly influenced by the type of beam‐to‐column joints, which exhibited the expected damage. The RCS configuration in the column bases also showed satisfactory behavior without leading to local or global instabilities throughout the performed tests.
Methylmercury Concentrations More Strongly Associated With Trait Variation Than Food Web Position in Plethodontid Salamanders
Authors: Tennant Jeremiah H. , Cosentino Bradley J. , Cleckner Lisa B. , Brubaker Kristen M. , Razavi N. Roxanna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Salamanders serve as bioindicators of mercury (Hg) in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats and are an important link in the food web between low-trophic prey and higher-trophic predators. We investigated the drivers of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure in three common plethodontid salamander species in New York State, USA, including comparisons among regions, habitat types (terrestrial and semiaquatic), and color morphs of Plethodon cinereus (striped and unstriped). Nonlethal tail samples were collected from one terrestrial species (P. cinereus) and two semiaquatic species (Eurycea bislineata and Desmognathus spp.) in the Adirondack Mountains (ADK) and the Finger Lakes National Forest (FLNF) regions. Samples were analyzed for MeHg and stable isotopes, including δ15N and δ13C which are proxies of trophic position and diet, respectively. Despite elevated biota Hg concentrations typically found in the ADK, salamander MeHg concentrations did not differ by region in the terrestrial species and one of the semiaquatic species. In addition, diet and trophic level did not explain MeHg exposure in salamanders. Semiaquatic salamanders exhibited higher MeHg concentrations than terrestrial salamanders in the FLNF only. Within species, only snout–vent length predicted MeHg concentrations in E. bislineata with few other variables significant as predictors of MeHg concentrations in path models. Among P. cinereus individuals in the FLNF, the striped morph had greater MeHg concentrations than the unstriped morph, and food web tracers were not different between morphs. Overall, New York State salamander Hg concentrations were elevated compared to other locations where these species are present. The present study establishes baseline Hg data in salamanders for future assessments of changes in Hg bioavailability to forests of New York State. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2045–2057. © 2024 SETAC
Neural‐network‐based regularization methods for inverse problems in imaging
Authors: Habring Andreas , Holler Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis review provides an introduction to—and overview of—the current state of the art in neural‐network based regularization methods for inverse problems in imaging. It aims to introduce readers with a solid knowledge in applied mathematics and a basic understanding of neural networks to different concepts of applying neural networks for regularizing inverse problems in imaging. Distinguishing features of this review are, among others, an easily accessible introduction to learned generators and learned priors, in particular diffusion models, for inverse problems, and a section focusing explicitly on existing results in function space analysis of neural‐network‐based approaches in this context.
Comparing teaching with tactile guidance with video modeling with self‐evaluative video feedback to train medical skills
Authors: McCafferty Kelcie E. , Wilder David A. , Gravina Nicole , Bible Letitia , Ferguson Rachel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModern medical training consists largely of lecture‐based instruction and in vivo or video modeling of specific skills. Other instructional methods, such as teaching with acoustical guidance (TAGteach), have rarely been evaluated. In this study, we compared teaching with tactile guidance, or tactile TAGteach in which a vibratory stimulus is delivered to indicate a correct response, with video modeling and self‐evaluative video feedback to teach four participants two medical skills: simple interrupted suture and endotracheal intubation. The results showed that both instructional methods improved performance. However, three participants met the mastery criterion in the tactile TAGteach condition first, although this instructional method required more time to train the skills. We discuss the implications of these findings for training skills to medical practitioners.
Ferroptosis: Latest evidence and perspectives on plant‐derived natural active compounds mitigating doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Wang Boyu , Wang Jiameng , Liu Changxing , Li Chengjia , Meng Tianwei , Chen Jia , Liu Qingnan , He Wang , Liu Zhiping , Zhou Yabin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapy drug widely used in clinical settings, acting as a first‐line treatment for various malignant tumors. However, its use is greatly limited by the cardiotoxicity it induces, including doxorubicin‐induced cardiomyopathy (DIC). The mechanisms behind DIC are not fully understood, but its potential biological mechanisms are thought to include oxidative stress, inflammation, energy metabolism disorders, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. Recent studies have shown that cardiac injury induced by DOX is closely related to ferroptosis. Due to their high efficacy, availability, and low side effects, natural medicine treatments hold strong clinical potential. Currently, natural medicines have been shown to mitigate DOX‐induced ferroptosis and ease DIC through various functions such as antioxidation, iron ion homeostasis correction, lipid metabolism regulation, and mitochondrial function improvement. Therefore, this review summarizes the mechanisms of ferroptosis in DIC and the regulation by natural plant products, with the expectation of providing a reference for future research and development of inhibitors targeting ferroptosis in DIC.This review explores the mechanisms of ferroptosis in doxorubicin‐induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) and summarizes how natural plant products can alleviate DIC by inhibiting ferroptosis through reducing oxidative stress, correcting iron ion homeostasis, regulating lipid metabolism, and improving mitochondrial function.
Medications for alcohol‐use disorder and follow‐up after hospitalization for alcohol withdrawal: A multicenter study
Authors: Allaudeen Nazima , Akwe Joyce , Arundel Cherinne , Boggan Joel C. , Caldwell Peter , Cornia Paul B. , Cyr Jessica , Ehlers Erik , Elzweig Joel , Godwin Patrick , Gordon Kirsha S. , Guidry Michelle , Gutierrez Jeydith , Heppe Daniel , Hoegh Matthew , Jagannath Anand , Kaboli Peter , Krug Michael , Laudate James D. , Mitchell Christine , Pescetto Micah , Rodwin Benjamin A. , Ronan Matthew , Rose Richard , Shah Meghna N. , Smeraglio Andrea , Trubitt Meredith , Tuck Matthew , Vargas Jaclyn , Yarbrough Peter , Gunderson Craig G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol withdrawal is a common reason for admission to acute care hospitals. Prescription of medications for alcohol‐use disorder (AUD) and close outpatient follow‐up are commonly recommended, but few studies report their effects on postdischarge outcomes.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of medications for AUD and follow‐up appointments on readmission and abstinence.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study evaluated veterans admitted for alcohol withdrawal to medical services at 19 Veteran Health Administration hospitals between October 1, 2018 and September 30, 2019. Factors associated with all‐cause 30‐day readmission and 6‐month abstinence were examined using logistic regression.ResultsOf the 594 patients included in this study, 296 (50.7%) were prescribed medications for AUD at discharge and 459 (78.5%) were discharged with follow‐up appointments, including 251 (42.8%) with a substance‐use clinic appointment, 191 (32.9%) with a substance‐use program appointment, and 73 (12.5%) discharged to a residential program. All‐cause 30‐day readmission occurred for 150 patients (25.5%) and 103 (17.8%) remained abstinent at 6 months. Medications for AUD and outpatient discharge appointments were not associated with readmission or abstinence. Discharge to residential treatment program was associated with reduced 30‐day readmission (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.39, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.18–0.82) and improved abstinence (AOR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.33–4.73).ConclusionsReadmission and return to heavy drinking are common for patients discharged for alcohol withdrawal. Medications for AUD were not associated with improved outcomes. The only intervention at the time of discharge that improved outcomes was discharge to residential treatment program, which was associated with decreased readmission and improved abstinence.
Efficacy and safety of pulsed‐field versus conventional thermal ablation for atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Amin Ahmed Mazen , Nazir Abubakar , Abuelazm Mohamed T. , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Elbenawi Hossam , Aboutaleb Aya , Ellabban Mohamed , Arnaout Moumen , Turkmani Mustafa , Abdelazeem Basel , Volgman Annabelle S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPulsed‐field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an innovative alternative to radiofrequency (RF) and cryoablation because it selectively targets myocardial tissue. Thus, we aim to estimate the efficacy and safety of PFA versus thermal ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis were retrieved from PubMed, WOS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and CENTRAL through September 2023. We used RevMan V. 5.4 to pool dichotomous data using risk ratio (RR) and continuous data using mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). PROSPERO ID: CRD42023480321
ResultsWe included 17 studies with a total of 2255 patients. PFA was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of AF recurrence (RR: 0.66 with 95% CI [0.51, 0.87], p = .003). However, there was no significant difference between PFA and thermal ablation in arrhythmia recurrence (RR: 0.92 with 95% CI [0.74, 1.46], p = .42). PFA was significantly associated with decreased total procedure time (MD: −15.15 with 95% CI [−20.23, −10.07], p < .00001), decreased heart rate change (MD: −7.39 with 95% CI [−12.16, −2.62], p = .002), decreased phrenic nerve palsy (RR: 0.38 with 95% CI [0.15, 0.98], p = .05), and reduced esophageal lesions (RR: 0.09 with 95% CI [0.01, 0.69], p = .02). On the contrary, PFA was significantly associated with increased pericardial tamponade (RR: 6.14 with 95% CI [1.43, 26.33], p = .01).ConclusionPFA was significantly associated with decreased AF recurrence, total procedure time, heart rate change, phrenic nerve palsy, esophageal lesion, and increased incidence of pericardial tamponade compared with thermal ablation.
A psychometric evaluation of the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 among women experiencing intimate partner violence
Authors: Schick Melissa R. , Sullivan Tami P. , Alfano Alexis R. , Weiss Nicole H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecent national estimates suggest that 1 in 2 women will experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime. Given the high prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women experiencing IPV, it is necessary to consider whether PTSD assessments function adequately for this population. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the past‐month version of the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5), one of the most widely used self‐report measures of PTSD symptoms, in a sample of community women experiencing IPV. Participants were 158 women who had experienced IPV in the past 6 months (Mage = 40.14 years, 39.9% White). The PCL‐5 demonstrated good internal consistency, Cronbach's α = .97, and scores were significantly positively correlated with theoretically related constructs (i.e., PTSD symptom count on the SCID‐5, IPV severity, substance use, depression, anxiety, and emotion dysregulation); however, it demonstrated poor 30‐day stability, r = .38, ICC = .55. The ability of the PCL‐5 to discriminate with respect to a PTSD diagnosis was acceptable, AUC = .74. A cutoff score of 21 maximized sensitivity (82.5%) and specificity (55.4%); this is lower than typical cutoffs (i.e., 31–33). Although the PCL‐5 has generally demonstrated adequate psychometric properties, findings suggest that it does not function optimally for women experiencing IPV relative to its functioning for other trauma‐exposed populations. The lower‐than‐typical cutoff suggests that the PCL‐5 may underestimate PTSD prevalence among women experiencing IPV.
Preparation and characterisation of black conversion coating of Cr(NO3)3–CoCl2–NiCl2 of Zn–Ni alloy electroplated on 2024 aluminium alloy surface
Authors: Chen Tingyi , Huang Qiming , Zhu Hongtao , Ma Yaqi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo meet the application requirements of electronic connectors, a trivalent chromium process (TCP) conversion coating was prepared on the Zn–Ni alloy plating of 2024 aluminium alloy. The composition of the TCP solution was as follows: 45 g/L Cr(NO3)3, 14 g/L CoCl2, 1.3 g/L NiCl2, 10 g/L citric acid, 10 g/L succinic acid and 1 g/L sodium dodecyl sulphate. The properties of TCP were characterised by a range of techniques, including macroscopic observations, scanning electron microscope, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometer, three‐dimensional (3D) morphometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarisation curves and conductivity tests. The TCP prepared in this experiment exhibits a uniform black colour and bright appearance, predominantly composed of Zn, Ni, O, Cr and Co. The TCP enhances the impedance of Zn–Ni alloys, reduces the corrosion current to 1.99 × 10−5 A/cm2 and maintains a flatter surface 3D morphology and less surface roughness following electrochemical testing. It has better corrosion resistance. Following the preparation of the TCP on a suitably sized shell sample, the shell resistance was 1.2 mVDC with good electrical conductivity, which meets the requirements for electrical connector applications.
Improving Parkinson's Disease Care through Systematic Screening for Depression
Authors: Marras Connie , Meyer Zachary , Liu Hongliang , Luo Sheng , Mantri Sneha , Allen Allison , Baybayan Sydney , Beck James C. , Brown Amy E. , Cheung Francis , Dahodwala Nabila , Davis Thomas L. , Engeland Megan , Fearon Conor , Jones Nicole , Mills Kelly , Miyasaki Janis M. , Naito Anna , Neault Marilyn , Nelson Eugene C. , Onyinanya Ebubechukwu , Ropa Carlos , Weintraub Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDepression is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) but is underrecognized clinically. Although systematic screening is a recommended strategy to improve depression recognition in primary care practice, it has not been widely used in PD care.MethodsThe 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐15) was implemented at 5 movement disorders clinics to screen PD patients. Sites developed processes suited to their clinical workflow. Qualitative interviews with clinicians and patients provided information on feasibility, acceptability, and perceived utility.ResultsPrior to implementation, depression screening was recorded in 12% using a formal instrument; 64% were screened informally by clinical interview, and no screening was recorded in 24%. Of 1406 patients seen for follow‐up care during the implementation period, 88% were screened, 59% using the GDS‐15 (self‐administered in 51% and interviewer administered in 8%), a nearly 5‐fold increase in formal screening. Lack of clinician or staff time and inability to provide the GDS‐15 to the patient ahead of the visit were the most commonly cited reasons for lack of screening using the GDS‐15; 378 (45%) patients completing the GDS‐15 screened positive for depression, and 137 were enrolled for a 12‐month prospective follow‐up. Mean GDS‐15 scores improved from 8.8 to 7.0 (P < 0.0001) and the 39‐item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire emotional subscore from 42.2 to 36.7 (P = 0.0007).ConclusionsDepression screening in PD using a formal instrument can be achieved at much higher levels than is currently practiced, but there are barriers to implementing this in clinical practice. An individual site‐specific process is necessary to optimize screening rates.
Existence and multiplicity of weak solutions for a system of fourth‐order elliptic equations with combined nonlocal and indefinite source terms
Authors: Kefi Khaled 
Published: July 2024

This manuscript aims to investigate the existence of weak solutions for a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) described by Equation (1.2). The system consists of a set of PDEs with Leray–Lions operators and nonlinear terms. The goal is to establish the existence of at least one nontrivial weak solution and at least three weak solutions for the system. The PDEs are defined on a bounded domain in
, with
, and subject to appropriate boundary conditions. The system involves various parameters, functions, and growth conditions that are carefully defined throughout the paper. The study focuses on understanding the behavior and existence of solutions for this system of PDEs, which has applications in physics, engineering, and other scientific fields.
Enhancing SNR in CEST imaging: A deep learning approach with a denoising convolutional autoencoder
Authors: Kurmi Yashwant , Viswanathan Malvika , Zu Zhongliang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a SNR enhancement method for CEST imaging using a denoising convolutional autoencoder (DCAE) and compare its performance with state‐of‐the‐art denoising methods.MethodThe DCAE‐CEST model encompasses an encoder and a decoder network. The encoder learns features from the input CEST Z‐spectrum via a series of one‐dimensional convolutions, nonlinearity applications, and pooling. Subsequently, the decoder reconstructs an output denoised Z‐spectrum using a series of up‐sampling and convolution layers. The DCAE‐CEST model underwent multistage training in an environment constrained by Kullback–Leibler divergence, while ensuring data adaptability through context learning using Principal Component Analysis–processed Z‐spectrum as a reference. The model was trained using simulated Z‐spectra, and its performance was evaluated using both simulated data and in vivo data from an animal tumor model. Maps of amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) effects were quantified using the multiple‐pool Lorentzian fit, along with an apparent exchange‐dependent relaxation metric.ResultsIn digital phantom experiments, the DCAE‐CEST method exhibited superior performance, surpassing existing denoising techniques, as indicated by the peak SNR and Structural Similarity Index. Additionally, in vivo data further confirm the effectiveness of the DCAE‐CEST in denoising the APT and NOE maps when compared with other methods. Although no significant difference was observed in APT between tumors and normal tissues, there was a significant difference in NOE, consistent with previous findings.ConclusionThe DCAE‐CEST can learn the most important features of the CEST Z‐spectrum and provide the most effective denoising solution compared with other methods.
Local evidence in sub‐Saharan Africa; the CANCaRe Africa experience—Lessons learned and shared thoughts about the way forward
Authors: Israels Trijn , Mdoka Cecilia , Fufa Diriba , Chagaluka George , Bhakta Nickhill , Mallon Brenda , Molyneux Elizabeth M. , Sung Lillian , Chimalizeni Yamikani , Atwiine Barnabas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCollaborative research generating local evidence is key to closing the research and survival gap between sub‐Saharan Africa and high‐income countries. Lessons learned by CANCaRe Africa, the Collaborative African Network for Childhood Cancer Care and Research while pioneering such research are being discussed together with recommendations for the future.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyacrylamide double‐network ionic conductive hydrogel strain sensor with high sensitivity and high elongation at break
Authors: Wu Zijian , Liu Xiaorui , Xu Qi , Zhang Liying , Abdou Safaa N. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Zhang Jing , El‐Bahy Zeinhom M. , Guo Ning , Gao Junguo , Weng Ling , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a soft material with biocompatibility and stimulation response, ionic conductive hydrogel‐based wearable strain sensors show great potential across a wide spectrum of engineering disciplines, but their mechanical toughness is limited in practical applications. In this study, freeze‐thawing techniques were utilized to fabricate double‐network hydrogels of poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyacrylamide (PVA/PAM) with both covalent and physical cross‐linking networks. These double‐network hydrogels demonstrate excellent mechanical performance, with an elongation at break of 2253% and tensile strength of 268.2 kPa. Simultaneously, they also display a high sensitivity (Gage factor, GF = 2.32 at 0%–200% strain), achieve a rapid response time of 368 ms without the addition of extra conductive fillers or ions, stable signal transmission even after multiple cycles, and fast response to human motion detection.
The Jersey Daffodil Project: Integrating nanopore sequencing into classrooms improves STEM skills, scientific identity and career development
Authors: Hale Jon , Harkess Alex , Könyves Kálmán 
Published: July 2024

Societal Impact StatementThe Jersey Daffodil Project, a secondary school initiative, boosted students' aspirations in science careers. Fieldwork, DNA sequencing and discussions with scientists enriched their learning and aspirations. Surveys revealed a positive shift in students' views towards STEM careers. The project also influenced an entire cohort to pursue biological sciences in 2021. The use of cutting‐edge technology reduced costs and time, showing promise for broader school collaboration. This project not only transforms science education but also inspires students, shaping their futures and fostering a new generation of scientists.