bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Awareness and Attitude about Research Ethics among Dental Faculties in India
Authors: Gopinath Nithin Manchery , John Joseph , Senthilkumar E , Nagappan N 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and attitude about research ethics and research ethics committees (RECs) among dental faculties.

Materials and methods
This cross-sectional questionnaire study incorporated a self administered questionnaire. Descriptive, Chi-square and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results
The overall response rate to the study was 85%. More than half were familiar with research ethics, principles and functions of the research ethics committee. Though there were some faculties whose attitude regarding research ethics principle was not optimal.

Conclusion
The present study revealed a broad acceptance among the faculties acceptance toward RECs and training in research ethics, though there existed certain gap in knowledge about research among the faculties.

Clinical significance
This will help us to understand the knowledge, awareness and attitudes of dental faculties toward research ethics, which will help the institutional officials to develop better educational programs in the field of research ethics in order to help them conduct better research henceforth.

How to cite this article
MG Nithin, John J, Senthilkumar E, Nagappan N. Knowledge Awareness and Attitude about Research Ethics among Dental Faculties in India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(5):608-613.
Vroege receptie van Tourniers Le Roi des Aulnes in de Nederlandse literatuurkritiek (1970-1972)
Authors: Corjanus Marjolein 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

The early reception of Tournier’s Le Roi des Aulnes in Dutch literary criticism (1970-1972) – a comparison with the reception in France and Germany

This article aims at analysing the early reception by the Dutch literary press of Le Roi des Aulnes, the 1970 novel by the well-known French author Michel Tournier (1924). In this case of literary border transfer, the interpretations and qualifications expressed by Dutch critics are compared to those made by their German and French counterparts.
As it turns out, early Dutch criticism of Tournier’s novel is a hybrid one, oscillating between a more German-orientated, historical interpretation and a psychological, symbolical interpretation, which is typical of French criticism of Le Roi des Aulnes. Moreover, Dutch criticism of Tournier’s novel is far from outspoken, lacking any debate or overtly negative criticism, especially in comparison with certain critics in the German press, such as Jean Améry. As such, no attempt is made to evaluate Tournier’s novel within a distinct Dutch frame of reference, which might be explained by the fact that Dutch critics know that their literary field is a peripheral one, dominated by literary fields such as those in France and Germany. It is also argued that the Dutch, as a polyglot nation, are able to review Le Roi des Aulnes at a very early stage in its original, French version, which could have created a bias towards French criticism.
Terug tot de werkelijkheid?
Authors: De Taeye Lieselot 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Back to Reality? Present-day Documentary Trends in Dutch Literature from a Twentieth-Century Literary Historical Perspective

In contemporary Dutch literary production, the ‘world outside’ has gained ground. The genre of literary non-fiction has conquered a less marginal place in the literary field, but (fictional) novels, too, are characterized by a higher prevalence of factual discourse. In this article, I address how a conceptual framework of documentary literature can elucidate the literary innovations in Samaritaan (2011) by A.H.J. Dautzenberg, Duizend heuvels (2012) by Koen Peeters and La Superba (2013) by Ilja Leonard Pfeijffer. Before analysing these works, I provide a definition of ‘documentary literature’ and explore how it has been conceptualized in literary studies. In order to foreground the novelty in these current representatives, I will also look at the ways in which the phenomenon has emerged throughout Dutch literature in the 20th century. A rhetorical approach is taken to examine which methods are deemed most convincing to achieve a reality effect in literature by the authors under scrutiny. It appears that present-day novels combine reportage and the interview with an autofictional narrator. As opposed to the documentary anti-literature that was typical of the Nieuwe Zakelijkheid and the sixties, a strong blending of documentary signals and improbable elements informs the reading of these texts. Furthermore, blatant subjectivity and self-reflexivity are used as rhetorical devices to consciously construct a reality that is shown to be relevant on a level that exceeds the merely personal.
Speaking of Freedom: U.S. Multicultural Literature and Human Rights Talk In an Emerging Democracy
Authors: Levin Amy 
Published: February 2015

It’s 100 degrees in Yangon (formerly Rangoon), and I am trying to explain to a student that when she analyzes irony in Hamlet in her MA thesis, she may want to consider politics and the ways in which Shakespeare commented both on Elizabethan England and the nature of power more generally. Ophelia doesn’t even come up in the conversation. I pause for a moment to adjust the feeble fan near my desk, imagining a Danish winter. The potential parallels between the play and the political situation in my host country are glaringly obvious. Dare I say something? Is my student oblivious to this matter, or is she choosing to ignore it, knowing the fragility of human rights in the emerging democracy?In February 2013, I served as the first US Fulbright scholar in a Myanmar public university in almost thirty years. Our discipline was chosen for this venture because, according to the project overview, “American literature is not a sensitive subject with the Ministry of Education and thus a good idea.” Knowing it to be risky, I introduced Masters students and their faculty to recent US literature, focusing primarily on works by women and minorities beginning with the Civil Rights movement. My texts were selected from those I teach in my course on US women writers at home, but in Myanmar, they were discussed with predominantly female groups representing the many religious and ethnic groups within Myanmar. On other occasions, I met with women from NGOs or participated in programs on Women’s Studies and issues such as human trafficking.The experience yielded multiple opportunities to reflect and theorize about the nature of global rights and reciprocity; I was able to compare how women in Myanmar and the US responded to concerns relevant to marginalized populations, even as I confronted issues arising from post-colonialism and male privilege daily. Yet the most intriguing parts of the experience were the silences, evasions, and hesitations which constantly interrupted conversations about the opportunities for improving civil rights in the shift toward democracy. Slowly, we were able to use literature to draw implicit parallels and open conversations about “sensitive topics” so that in the end, the experience was transformative for all of us. Adapting a line from a Naomi Shihab Nye poem, one of my students wrote, “Until you speak Myanmar, you will not understand freedom.” And she was right.My presentation will analyze how US multicultural women’s literature provided scaffolding for more extensive conversations about women and human rights, drawing on literary theory and student narratives as appropriate.
Do we need antiplatelet therapy in thrombocytosis? Pro
Authors: Alberio Lorenzo 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThrombocytosis (defined as platelets >450 × 109/l) has several aetiologies. After having excluded spurious thrombocytosis (e. g., due to microspherocytes, schistocytes, cryoglobulins, or bacteria), the differential diagnosis of true thrombocytosis encompasses secondary causes (as diverse as inflammation, infection, malignancy, iron deficiency, or asplenia), primary hereditary (rare forms of familial thrombocytosis) and primary acquired entities (either in the context of a myelodys-plastic syndrome or more frequently a myeloproliferative neoplasia). This manuscript addresses the following aspects: 1) diagnostic approach to thrombocytosis; 2) various mechanisms leading to a high platelet count; 3) potential of some of these mechanisms to modulate platelet function, producing hyper-reactive platelets and thus exerting a direct impact on the thrombotic risk; 4) indication of anti-thrombotic treatment in patients with thrombocytosis. There is a single prospective randomized clinical trial showing the benefit of acetyl-salicylic acid in polycythaemia vera. For other types of primary thrombocytosis and for secondary forms, treatment decisions have to be individualized according to the patient thrombotic and bleeding risks, taking into account the mechanism causing thrombocytosis. This manuscript discusses experimental and clinical data suggesting that besides patients with essential thrombocythaemia and other forms of primary thrombocytosis also those with thrombocytosis in the context of chronic inflammation, malignancy, or exposure to high altitude might benefit from anti-platelet treatment.
Tien jaar Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2003: een succesverhaal zonder meer?
Authors: Parret Laura , van der Wal Gerard 
Published: February 2015

Tien jaar Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2003: een succesverhaal zonder meer?
De auteurs bespreken enkele vernieuwingen van Verordening (EG) nr. 1/2003. In deze bijdrage concentreren zij zich op de decentralisatieaspecten: de invoering van de wettelijke uitzondering en de positie van de rechter enerzijds, en de mechanismen van samenwerking met nationale autoriteiten anderzijds. Bij de bespreking wordt geen exhaustief overzicht nagestreefd maar wordt een stand van zaken opgemaakt in het licht van de zorgen die bij de inwerkingtreding van de verordening werden geuit en de doelstellingen die destijds werden geformuleerd.
EU-burgerschap en de vrees voor sociaal toerisme: de zaak Dano
Authors: Pennings F.J.L. 
Published: February 2015

In het arrest Dano is de vraag aan de orde of een Duitse basiswerkloosheidsuitkering mag worden geweigerd aan een Roemeense die in Duitsland verblijft, maar niet naar werk zoekt. De uitkering betreft een bijzondere non-contributieve uitkering in de zin van de Coördinatieverordening sociale zekerheid, en is daarom geen bijstandsuitkering. Het Hof van Justitie oordeelt dat de uitkering echter toch als bijstandsuitkering in de zin van Richtlijn 2004/38/EG mag worden gezien. Gelet op de daarin opgenomen bepalingen zijn de gelijkebehandelingsbepaling van de richtlijn en de Coördinatieverordening niet van toepassing. Dat betekent dat in dat geval een uitkering geweigerd mag worden.HvJ 11 november 2014, zaak C-333/13, Dano, ECLI:EU:C:2014:2358
Episodic tremor and slip near the Japan Trench prior to the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake
Authors: Ito Yoshihiro , Hino Ryota , Suzuki Syuichi , Kaneda Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2015

AbstractChange in the rates of aseismic deformation prior to large earthquakes is a major area of interest in earthquake physics. Here we present evidence that episodic tremor and slip occurred in the shallow subduction zone within the source region of the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake prior to the main shock. Ocean bottom seismometers near the Japan Trench recorded some excitations in amplitude of ambient noise level accompanying both the 2008 and 2011 slow slip events. The observed signals show that low frequencies of 5–8 Hz dominated, suggesting that the excitations were due to small low‐frequency tremors accompanying the slow slip events. The largest amplitude tremor was observed just before the 2011 event. The estimated sources of tremors were possibly distributed within the coseismic slip area of the 2011 event, suggesting the shallow plate‐boundary thrust near the trench is a general location of slow earthquakes.
Ion acceleration processes in magnetic reconnection: Geotail observations in the magnetotail
Authors: Nagai T. , Shinohara I. , Zenitani S. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIon outflow formation processes in magnetic reconnection are investigated on the basis of 3‐D ion velocity distribution function observations for magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail with the spacecraft Geotail. Ion acceleration processes up to 40 keV can be divided into two types, and these two types consist of two‐step processes. The first type is found close to the X line in the central part of the ion‐electron decoupling region of magnetic reconnection where an intense crosstail current layer exists and electrons make high‐speed outflow jets. In this region, inflowing ions and ions making the meandering motion coexist. Ions are accelerated up to ~10 keV in the north–south direction during the inflowing process, and then they are accelerated farther by the reconnection electric field in the duskward direction. The second type is found far from the X line in the outer parts of the ion‐electron decoupling region of magnetic reconnection. In this region, the Hall current loops are formed and the inflowing Hall electrons exist near the separatrix layers. Ions are accelerated and make the dawnward motion inside the Hall current loop in the inflowing process, and then they are farther accelerated to form tailward and earthward outflows. In this region, significant amount of ions is supplied as inflows, and outflows containing ions in the wide energy range (5–40 keV) are formed. Hence, both the north–south (vertical) electric field, which is probably the Hall electric field, and the duskward reconnection electric field operate ion acceleration processes for magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail.
Improving climate model simulation of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature: The importance of enhanced vertical atmosphere model resolution
Authors: Harlaß Jan , Latif Mojib , Park Wonsun 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA long‐standing problem in climate modeling is the inaccurate simulation of tropical Atlantic (TA) sea surface temperature (SST), known as the TA SST bias. It has far‐reaching consequences for climate prediction in that area as it goes along, among others, with erroneous precipitation patterns. We show that the TA SST bias can be largely reduced by increasing both the atmospheric horizontal and vertical resolutions in a climate model. At high horizontal resolution, enhanced vertical resolution is indispensable to substantially improve the simulation of TA SST by enhancing surface wind stress. This also reduces biases in the upper ocean thermal structure and precipitation patterns. Although, enhanced horizontal resolution alone leads to some improvement in the mean climate, typical bias patterns characterized by a reversed zonal SST gradient at the equator and too warm SST in the Benguela upwelling region are mostly unchanged at a coarser vertical resolution.
Overview and new results in disturbance observer based adaptive vibration rejection with application to advanced manufacturing
Authors: Chen Xu , Tomizuka Masayoshi 
Published: February 2015

SummaryVibrations with unknown and/or time‐varying frequencies significantly affect the achievable performance of control systems, particularly in precision engineering and manufacturing applications. This paper provides an overview of disturbance‐observer‐based adaptive vibration rejection schemes; studies several new results in algorithm design; and discusses new applications in semiconductor manufacturing. We show the construction of inverse‐model‐based controller parameterization and discuss its benefits in decoupled design, algorithm tuning, and parameter adaptation. Also studied are the formulation of recursive least squares and output‐error‐based adaptation algorithms, as well as their corresponding scopes of applications. Experiments on a wafer scanner testbed in semiconductor manufacturing prove the effectiveness of the algorithm in high‐precision motion control. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Silver‐Nitrite‐Assisted In Situ Diazotization Reaction: Cross‐Coupling of Anilines with Arylboronic Acids at Room Temperature
Authors: Gowrisankar Saravanan , Seayad Jayasree 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed, convenient, and simple one‐pot method for the preparation of unsymmetrical biaryls from anilines is established via an in situ diazotization reaction using silver nitrite (AgONO) as an alternative nitrosating reagent. The protocol works under ligand‐ and base‐free conditions at room temperature and tolerates a variety of functionalized anilines and arylboronic acids leading to the corresponding biaryl products in moderate to good yields.
Do nuclear DNA and dental nonmetric data produce similar reconstructions of regional population history? An example from modern coastal Kenya
Authors: Hubbard Amelia R. , Guatelli‐Steinberg Debbie , Irish Joel D. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThis study investigates whether variants in dental morphology and nuclear DNA provide similar patterns of intergroup affinity among regional populations using biological distance (biodistance) estimates. Many biodistance studies of archaeological populations use skeletal variants in lieu of ancient DNA, based on the widely accepted assumption of a strong correlation between phenetic‐ and genetic‐based affinities. Within studies of dental morphology, this assumption has been well supported by research on a global scale but remains unconfirmed at a more geographically restricted scale. Paired genetic (42 microsatellite loci) and dental (nine crown morphology traits) data were collected from 295 individuals among four contemporary Kenyan populations, two of which are known ethnically as “Swahili” and two as “Taita;” all have well‐documented population histories. The results indicate that biodistances based on genetic data are correlated with those obtained from dental morphology. Specifically, both distance matrices indicate that the closest affinities are between population samples within each ethnic group. Both also identify greater divergence among samples from the different ethnic groups. However, for this particular study the genetic data may provide finer resolution at detecting overall among‐population relationships. Am J Phys Anthropol 157:295–304, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From the ground up: Integrative research in primate locomotion
Authors: Nalley Thierra K. , Lewton Kristi L. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTPrimate locomotor adaptation and evolution is a principal and thriving area of research by biological anthropologists. Research in this field generally targets hypotheses regarding locomotor kinetics and kinematics, form–function associations in both the soft and hard tissue components of the musculoskeletal system, and reconstructing locomotor behavior in fossil primates. A wide array of methodological approaches is used to address adaptive hypotheses in all of these realms. Recent advances in three‐dimensional shape capture, musculoskeletal physiological measurements, and analytical processing technologies (e.g., laser and CT‐scans, 3D motion analysis systems, finite element analysis) have facilitated the collection and analysis of larger and more complex locomotor datasets than previously possible. With these advances in technology, new methods of form–function analyses can be developed to produce a more thorough understanding of how form reflects an organism's mechanical requirements, how shape is influenced by external environmental factors, and how these investigations of living taxa can inform questions of primate paleobiology. The papers in this special section of the American Journal of Physical Anthropology present research that builds on that foundation, by combining new data on living primates and new methodologies and approaches to answer a range of questions on extant and extinct primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:495–497, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multi‐responsive microgel of a water‐soluble monomer via emulsion polymerization
Authors: Tuncer Cansel , Samav Yasemin , Ülker Damla , Baker Serife Betül , Bütün Vural 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTMicrogel of a water‐soluble monomer [2‐(N‐morpholino)ethyl methacrylate (MEMA)] was successfully prepared in aqueous media via emulsion polymerization by using a novel water‐soluble block copolymer as stabilizer. Characterization studies confirmed monodisperse spherical morphologies of microgels with a diameter of 280 nm at neutral pH. These microgels exhibited multi‐responsive behavior by responding solution pH, temperature, ionic strength, type of dispersing media, and magnetic particles. It swells well at low pH (<6.0) and at low temperature, but shrinks above pH 6.0, or even more shrinks with salt addition at neutral and basic conditions. In addition, the hydrodynamic diameter of PMEMA microgel was decreased gradually at basic and neutral pH when solution temperature was increased up to the lower critical solution temperature of PMEMA (LCST, 35°C), but microgel diameter did not change much above LCST. Multi‐responsive behavior of PMEMA microgel was investigated by using dynamic light scattering, UV‐Vis spectrophotometer and zeta potentiometer. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42072.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children with congenital anomalies: A population‐based record linkage study
Authors: Salotti Jane A. , Tennant Peter W.G. , Windebank Kevin , Rankin Judith 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundThe etiology of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), a rare cancer‐like disorder of the immune system, is largely unknown although a genetic component has been suggested based on familial cases, and reports of chromosome instability and genetic mutation. Associations between various cancers and congenital anomalies have been reported and although congenital anomalies have been noted in children with LCH only one study to date has reported their frequency. An association between congenital anomalies and LCH may suggest a common etiological pathway, in particular, a genetic pathway.MethodsData from two coterminous registries in the same geographic region were used. All cases of LCH on the Northern Region Young Persons Malignant Disease Register diagnosed between 1985 and 2010 were cross‐matched with live‐born cases of congenital anomaly registered by the Northern Congenital Abnormality Survey.ResultsA total of 819,890 children and young people were born during 1985 to 2008. Of these, 13,799 (1.7%) had a congenital anomaly and 39 (0.005%) were diagnosed with LCH. Three LCH cases were identified among those with congenital anomalies, all three of whom had congenital heart disease. The relative risk of LCH for those with a congenital anomaly, compared with those without, was 4.87 (95% confidence interval, 1.50–15.81; p = 0.03).ConclusionLCH was associated with congenital anomaly in a small but statistically significant number of patients, raising the possibility of a common genetic pathway in some cases. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:157–160, 2015 © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.