bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic amnioinfusion for chronic abruption‐oligohydramnios sequence: A possible prevention of the infant respiratory disease
Authors: Morita Ayako , Kondoh Eiji , Kawasaki Kaoru , Fujita Kohei , Mogami Haruta , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Konishi Ikuo 
Published: January 2014

AbstractChronic abruption‐oligohydramnios sequence (CAOS), characterized by chronic vaginal bleeding and oligohydramnios, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm delivery and lung problems in the infant. Fetal lung damage may be induced by not only oligohydramnios but also iron‐induced oxidative stress through chronic aspiration of bloody substances in amniotic fluid. We describe a pregnancy complicated with CAOS that was managed with repeated amnioinfusions. This is the first report showing that amnioinfusions succeeded in a significant reduction in high concentrations of iron, lactose dehydrogenase, and 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, in the amniotic fluid complicated by CAOS. The baby, born at 26 weeks' gestation via cesarean, was discharged home without supplemental oxygen 116 days after birth.
Can magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0‐Tesla reliably detect patients with endometriosis? Initial results
Authors: Thomeer Maarten G. , Steensma Anneke B. , van Santbrink Evert J. , Willemssen Francois E. , Wielopolski Piotr A. , Hunink Myriam G. , Spronk Sandra , Laven Joop S. , Krestin Gabriel P. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine whether an optimized 3.0‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol is sensitive and specific enough to detect patients with endometriosis.Material and MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study with consecutive patients. Forty consecutive patients with clinical suspicion of endometriosis underwent 3.0‐Tesla MRI, including a T2‐weighted high‐resolution fast spin echo sequence (spatial resolution = 0.75 × 1.2 × 1.5 mm3) and a 3D T1‐weighted high‐resolution gradient echo sequence (spatial resolution = 0.75 × 1.2 × 2.0 mm3). Two radiologists reviewed the dataset with consensus reading. During laparoscopy, which was used as reference standard, all lesions were characterized according to the revised criteria of the American Fertility Society. Patient‐level and region‐level sensitivities and specificities and lesion‐level sensitivities were calculated.ResultsPatient‐level sensitivity was 42% for stage I (5/12) and 100% for stages II, III and IV (25/25). Patient‐level specificity for all stages was 100% (3/3). The region‐level sensitivity and specificity was 63% and 97%, respectively. The sensitivity per lesion was 61% (90% for deep lesions, 48% for superficial lesions and 100% for endometriomata). The detection rate of obliteration of the cul‐the‐sac was 100% (10/10) with no false positive findings. The interreader agreement was substantial to perfect (kappa = 1 per patient, 0.65 per lesion and 0.71 for obliteration of the cul‐the‐sac).ConclusionsAn optimized 3.0‐Tesla MRI protocol is accurate in detecting stage II to stage IV endometriosis.
Changes in expression of vascular endothelial growth factor D‐related genes in placental mesenchymal dysplasia
Authors: Takahashi Hironori , Matsubara Shigeki , Kuwata Tomoyuki , Saruyama Miyuki , Usui Rie , Ohkuchi Akihide , Takizawa Toshihiro , Suzuki Mitsuaki 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA recent report indicated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐D, regulating cell proliferation and/or differentiation, may be associated with the development of placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD), a disorder characterized by cell proliferation/differentiation. In PMD placenta, we examined the expression of five cell‐proliferation/differentiation‐associated genes, namely, Wnt3a, Wnt5a, β‐catenin, VEGF‐D and Dickkopf‐1 (DKK‐1). In PMD, expressions of Wnt3a, Wnt5a and β‐catenin were decreased, whereas those of VEGF‐D and DKK‐1 were increased. These abnormal expressions suggest a relationship between these genes and PMD pathogenesis/pathophysiology.
Relation between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Sunsaneevithayakul Prasert , Titapant Vitaya , Ruangvutilert Pornpimol , Sutantawibul Anuwat , Phatihattakorn Chayawat , Wataganara Tuangsit , Talungchit Pattarawalai 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes in pregnant Thai women with different pre‐pregnancy body mass indexes (BMI).Materials and MethodsA retrospective study was carried out by reviewing 5200 medical records of pregnant women who delivered at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital during 1 September 2011–1 August 2012. Inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy with available pre‐pregnant weight and maternal height. Pre‐pregnancy BMI were categorized according to World Health Organization criteria. Pregnancy outcomes of interest were appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age infants. The optimal gestational weight gain for each BMI group was proposed to achieve a high proportion of appropriate‐for‐gestational age infants.ResultsPatients were divided into four groups according to their pre‐pregnancy BMI: underweight (21.3%), normal weight (64.1%), overweight (11.5%), and obese (3.1%). Optimal gestational weight gain ranges for each group were 10–18, 8–16, 6–14 and 4–8 kg, respectively. Our proposed criteria seem to be realistic, with 60% of pregnant Thai women able to adhere to the recommendation, compared to 40.5% adherence to the 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendation. There were no significant complications when following either of the recommendations. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including large for gestational age, cesarean section, and severe pre‐eclampsia, were significantly decreased in women who complied with our recommendation.ConclusionTo achieve a high proportion of appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age infants, Thai pregnant women could follow our gestational weight gain recommendation.
Complicated rectovaginal fistula secondary to Bartholin's cyst infection
Authors: Nasser Haydar A. , Mendes Vanessa Marron , Zein Farah , Tanios Bassem Y. , Berjaoui Tarek 
Published: January 2014

AbstractRectovaginal fistula formation secondary to Bartholin's cyst is a very rare complication, and to date only three cases were reported in the literature. We report a case of a 32‐year‐old woman who suffered recurrent episodes of Bartholin's cyst infection with subsequent abscess formation that resulted in rectovaginal fistula formation. We treated her initially with transperineal repair; however, the fistulous tract recurred a month later. A laparoscopic colostomy and transperineal repair using biological graft was then performed, with excellent results. The patient underwent reversal of colostomy after 2 months, and remained asymptomatic upon follow‐up 12 months later.
Dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls is associated with increased risk of stroke in women
Authors: Bergkvist C. , Kippler M. , Larsson S. C. , Berglund M. , Glynn A. , Wolk A. , Åkesson A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe potentially beneficial effects of fish consumption on stroke may be modified by major food contaminants in fish. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in particular are proposed to play a role in the aetiology of stroke. The aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary PCB exposure and stroke risk with the intake of long‐chain omega‐3 fish fatty acids and fish consumption.DesignThe prospective population‐based Swedish Mammography Cohort was examined. It was comprised of 34 591 women free of cardiovascular diseases and cancer at baseline in 1997 and followed up for 12 years. Validated estimates of dietary PCB exposure were obtained via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Incident cases of stroke were ascertained through register linkage.ResultsDuring 12 years of follow‐up (397 309 person‐years), there were 2015 incident cases of total stroke (1532 ischaemic strokes, 216 intracerebral haemorrhages, 94 subarachnoid haemorrhages and 173 unspecified strokes). Multivariable‐adjusted relative risks (RR), controlled for known stroke risk factors and fish consumption, were 1.67 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29–2.17] for total stroke, 1.61 (95% CI, 1.19–2.17) for ischaemic stroke and 2.80 (95% CI, 1.42–5.55) for haemorrhagic stroke for women in the highest quartile of dietary PCB exposure (median 288 ng day−1) compared with women in the lowest quartile (median 101 ng day−1).ConclusionDietary exposure to PCBs was associated with an increased stroke risk in women, especially haemorrhagic stroke. The results provide important information regarding the risk‐benefit analysis of fish consumption, particularly for cerebrovascular disease prevention.
Approaches to the treatment of some of the troublesome manifestations of sarcoidosis
Authors: Eklund A. , du Bois R. M. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSarcoidosis can be a major therapeutic challenge given its multiplicity of clinical presentations, variable combination of organ involvement and severity, and unpredictable longitudinal behaviour. Six manifestations of sarcoidosis are especially difficult to manage because of (i) an incomplete knowledge of causation – fatigue and small fibre neuropathy, (ii) the rare occurrence in sarcoidosis – intra‐abdominal complications or (iii) the potentially life‐threatening consequences in some patients – neurological disease, pulmonary hypertension and hypercalcaemia. In none of these situations have a prospective, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of any therapy been conducted. Despite this absence of any firm evidence base to support therapeutic recommendations, these six entities can be extremely problematic for the practising clinician. It is for this reason that we have focused in this review on these six disease manifestations and provided a synopsis of each problem together with suggested treatment approaches, based on an analysis of the current literature.
Prevalence of Disc Displacement of Various Severities among Young Preorthodontic Population: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Ikeda Kazumi , Kawamura Akira , Ikeda Renie 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPurposeThere has been no study on the prevalence of disc displacement (DD) of different levels in children and adolescents with adequate sample size using magnetic resonance images (MRIs). This retrospective cross‐sectional study was designed to investigate the relationship between increasing age and the prevalence of DD of various severities in a young preorthodontic population.Materials and MethodsOf 199 preorthodontic patients aged 6 to 15 years visiting a private orthodontic office for initial examination, 153 patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders had MRIs of their TMJs taken for further evaluation. Of those, 302 TMJs from 151 patients’ MRIs of diagnostic quality were divided into three age groups (I: 6 to 9, II: 10 to 12, and III: 13 to 15 years). DD of each patient was categorized based on its severity from stage 0 (normal) to stage 4 (total DD without reduction). The distribution of DD stages in each age group was plotted on a line graph and statistically analyzed for intergroup comparison.ResultsA graphical representation of the results clearly demonstrated a trend for higher occurrence of more advanced DD with an increase in age. No gender difference was observed. Statistical analysis showed that DD was significantly more advanced in group II than group I (p < 0.01) and group III than group I (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe study revealed a high prevalence of DD in the young preorthodontic population and significant increase in the proportion of patients with more advanced stages of DD in older patients.
Comparison of Forelimb and Hindlimb Systolic Blood Pressures and Proteinuria in Healthy Shetland Sheepdogs
Authors: Scansen B.A. , Vitt J. , Chew D.J. , Schober K.E. , Bonagura J.D. 
Published: January 2014

BackgroundThe prevalence of systemic hypertension (SHT) in Shetland Sheepdogs has not been reported.Hypothesis/ObjectivesSHTis common in Shetland Sheepdogs and positively correlated with proteinuria. Measurements of forelimb and hindlimb systolic arterial pressure (SAP) are comparable.AnimalsSeventy‐two clinically healthy, client‐owned Shetland Sheepdogs.MethodsForelimb and hindlimbSAPwere recorded by Doppler ultrasonography. Proteinuria was quantified by urine dipstick, microalbuminuria, and protein:creatinine ratio (UPC). The relationship ofUPC, anxiety, age, weight, and heart rate with forelimbSAPwas evaluated.ResultsThe mean forelimb and hindlimbSAPwere 132 ± 20 and 118 ± 20 mmHg, respectively. TheSAPexceeded 160 mmHg in 9 dogs, suggesting 13% prevalence ofSHT. Four dogs had aUPCabove 0.5; 2 of these had forelimbSAPexceeding 160 mmHg. Correlation of forelimb and hindlimbSAPwas poor (r2 = 0.09;P = .011). Bland–Altman plots revealed substantial bias (−14 mmHg) between limb measurements with clinically unacceptable 95% limits of agreement (−60 to 33 mmHg). There was no correlation between forelimbSAPandUPC(P = .06) or anxiety level (P = .49). Age (P < .0001) and heart rate (P = .038) were significant predictors of forelimbSAP; weight (P = .73) was not.ConclusionsPrevalence ofSHTwas 13% and not correlated with proteinuria. Forelimb and hindlimbSAPwere poorly correlated; therefore, trends in an individual animal should be monitored using the same measurement site. Additionally, values for DopplerSAPwere determined in Shetland Sheepdogs.
Heterothermy in pouched mammals – a review
Authors: Riek A. , Geiser F. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHibernation and daily torpor (i.e. temporal heterothermy) have been reported in many marsupial species of diverse families and are known to occur in ∼15% of all marsupials, which is a greater proportion than the percentage of heterothermic placentals. Therefore, we aimed to gather data on heterothermy, including minimal body temperature, torpor metabolic rate and torpor bout duration for marsupials, and relate these physiological variables to phylogeny and other physiological traits. Data from published studies on 41 marsupial species were available for the present analysis. Heterothermic marsupials ranged from small species such as planigales weighing 7 g to larger species such as quolls weighing up to 1000 g. We used the marsupial phylogeny to estimate various heterothermic traits where the current dataset was incomplete. The torpor metabolic rate in relation to basal metabolic rate (%) ranged from 5.2 to 62.8% in daily heterotherms and from 2.1 to 5.2% in marsupial hibernators, and was significantly correlated with the minimum body temperature in daily heterotherms (R2 = 0.77, P < 0.001), but not in hibernators (R2 = 0.10, P > 0.05). The mean torpor bout duration ranged from 2 to 15 h in daily heterotherms and from 85 to 342 h in hibernators, and decreased significantly with increasing minimum body temperature in daily heterotherms (R2 = 0.31, P < 0.001), but was not significant in hibernators. Our results show that phylogeny has a significant influence on nearly all analysed individual traits and relationships between traits in daily heterotherms (n = 35), but not in hibernators (n = 6). However, allometric analyses show that many of the physiological parameters scale differently between hibernators and daily heterotherms.
Interpreting ecology and behaviour from the vertebrate fossil track record
Authors: Falkingham P. L. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractFossil tracks represent a direct window onto the lives of extinct organisms, being formed and preserved in situ. Because track morphology is determined by limb motion, foot anatomy and substrate consistency, studies of fossil tracks can provide insight into producer, behaviour and palaeoenvironment. However, each determining factor is subject to variation, either continuous or discrete, and this variation may be co‐dependent, making it difficult to correctly interpret a track. In addition to variance from the track‐forming variables, tracks and tracksites are subject to further obfuscation because of time averaging, even before the effects of weathering, erosion and exposure are accounted for. This paper presents a discussion of the factors that may confound interpretation of fossil tracks, trackways and tracksites, and reviews experimental studies that have attempted to elucidate and eliminate these sources of confusion.
Identification of a novel mutation in the CLCN5 gene in a Chinese family with Dent‐1 disease
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wang Chun , Yue Hua , Hu Wei‐Wei , Gu Jie‐Mei , He Jin‐Wei , Fu Wen‐Zhen , Liu Yu‐Juan , Zhang Zeng , Zhang Zhen‐Lin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDent disease comprises a group of X‐linked recessive inherited renal tubular disorders, the symptoms of which include low‐molecular‐weight proteinuria (LMWP), hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and progressive renal failure. We sought to characterize the clinical manifestations and to identify the mutations associated with this disease in Chinese patients. In total, 155 DNA samples were collected from one affected individual, four of his family members, and 150 healthy donors. All 12 exons and the exon‐intron boundaries of the CLCN5 gene were amplified and directly sequenced in this Chinese family. The proband demonstrated osteomalacia, which had resulted in more than 10 fractures, LMWP, and renal failure. A single base ‘G’ deletion at nucleotide 246 (c. 246delG) was identified in exon 5 of the CLCN5 gene in this patient, resulting in a frame shift mutation (fsX) that changed the Threonine (Thr) residue in position 83 to Proline (Pro). The proband's mother was found to be a carrier of this mutation. The present study suggests that a novel frameshift mutation (c. 246delG) in exon 5 of the CLCN5 gene is responsible for Dent disease in this case. Our findings also expand the known spectrum of CLCN5 mutations.
Knowledge deficit of patients with stage 1–4 CKD: A focus group study
Authors: Lopez‐Vargas Pamela A , Tong Allison , Phoon Richard KS , Chadban Steven J , Shen Yvonne , Craig Jonathan C 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundPatients with early‐stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) must make lifestyle modifications and adhere to treatment regimens to prevent their progression to end‐stage kidney disease. The aim of this study was to elicit the perspectives of patients with stage 1–4 CKD about their disease, with a specific focus on their information needs in managing and living with CKD and its sequelae.MethodsPatients with CKD stages 1–4 were purposively sampled from three major hospitals in Sydney, Australia to participate in focus groups. Transcripts were thematically analysed.ResultsFrom nine focus groups including 38 participants, six major themes were identified: medical attentiveness (shared decision‐making, rapport, indifference and insensitivity); learning self‐management (diet and nutrition, barriers to physical activity, medication safety); contextualizing comorbidities (prominence of CKD, contradictory treatment); prognostic uncertainty (hopelessness, fear of disease progression, disbelief regarding diagnosis); motivation and coping mechanisms (engage in research, pro‐active management, optimism, feeling normal); and knowledge gaps (practical advice, access to information, comprehension of pathology results and CKD diagnosis, education for general practitioners).ConclusionPatients capacity to slow the progression of CKD may be limited by their lack of knowledge about the disease, its comorbidities, psychosocial influences and their ability to interact and communicate effectively with their health‐care provider. Support from a multidisciplinary care team, combined with provision of comprehensive, accessible and practical educational resources may enhance patients' ability and motivation to access and adhere to therapeutic and lifestyle interventions to retard progression of CKD.
A Comparison Between the HeRO Graft and Conventional Arteriovenous Grafts in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Nassar George M. , Glickman Marc H. , McLafferty Robert B. , Kevin Croston J. , Zarge Joseph I. , Katzman Howard E. , Peden Eric K. , Lawson Jeffrey H. , Martinez Jeffrey M. , Thackeray Lisa 
Published: January 2014

AbstractVenous stenosis and occlusion are a major cause of vascular access dysfunction and failure. The HeRO Graft bypasses occlusion and traverses stenosis with outflow directly into the central venous circulation. A randomized, multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the HeRO Graft relative to conventional AV grafts. The design was to enroll 143 patients in a 2:1 randomization ratio between HeRO and conventional AV control groups. Data on 72 subjects (52 HeRO Graft and 20 AV graft controls) were obtained. The HeRO Graft and control cohorts were comparable in baseline characteristics. Adequacy of dialysis, bacteremia rates, and adverse events were consistent between groups. Twelve month Kaplan–Meier estimates for primary and secondary patency rates were 34.8% and 67.6% in the HeRO Graft cohort, and 30.6% and 58.4% in the control cohort. There was no statistical difference in terms of patency between groups. The rates of intervention were 2.2/year for HeRO Graft and 1.6/year for the control (p = 0.100). Median days to loss of secondary patency was 238 for HeRO Graft versus 102 for the control (p = 0.032). The HeRO Graft appears to provide similar patency, adequacy of dialysis, and bacteremia rates to those of conventional AV grafts.
Mucoadhesive chitosan films as a potential ocular delivery system for ofloxacin: preliminary in vitro studies
Authors: de Oliveira Fulgêncio Gustavo , Viana Fernando Antônio B. , Silva Rodrigo Otávio S. , Lobato Francisco Carlos F. , Ribeiro Raul R. , Fanca Juçara R. , Byrro Ricardo Martins D. , Faraco André Augusto G. , da Silva Cunha‐Júnior Armando 
Published: January 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to evaluate the physical properties, in vitro release profile, and antibacterial efficiency of chitosan films prepared with ofloxacin.ProcedureMucoadhesive films were prepared by means of a casting and solvent evaporation technique performed in a 2 wt% acetic acid solution and distilled water. Physical properties were characterized by release and swelling studies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) analysis. The in vitro evaluation of the films was performed by inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through activity studies.ResultsCircular ofloxacin‐loaded chitosan‐developed films with 0.3 mg of drug weighed 7 mg were 110 μm thick and 5 mm in diameter. The DSC curve of ofloxacin‐loaded chitosan films suggests an amorphous dispersion of ofloxacin within these films. ATR‐FTIR analysis showed that ofloxacin is indeed present in the matrix film. The drug was released in vitro over a 1‐h period. No statistical difference could be observed between the ofloxacin‐loaded chitosan films and sterile disk soaked for 1 min in 0.3% commercial ofloxacin ophthalmic solution for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa (P = 0.1686, P = 0.1172, respectively).The films presented a significantly larger mean bacterial inhibition zone of S. aureus than did the commercial ciprofloxacin control disk (P = 0.0002) and a significantly larger mean bacterial kill zone of P. aeruginosa than did the commercial enrofloxacin control disk (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsOfloxacin was successively incorporated onto chitosan films and was not inactivated during the process of manufacturing, thus preserving antibacterial proprieties.