bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Train‐the‐Trainer: Implementation of Cognitive Behavioural Guided Self‐Help for Recurrent Binge Eating in a Naturalistic Setting
Authors: Zandberg Laurie J. , Wilson G. Terence 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe present study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of cognitive behavioural guided self‐help (CBTgsh) for recurrent binge eating using the train‐the‐trainer implementation strategy.MethodAfter receiving expert‐led training in CBTgsh, a master's‐level graduate student in clinical psychology subsequently trained and supervised less experienced graduate students to implement the treatment in an open clinical trial. Participants were 38 treatment‐seeking students at a university counselling centre with recurrent binge eating, featuring cases of bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, or eating disorder not otherwise specified.ResultsIntent‐to‐treat (ITT) analyses revealed 42.1% abstinence from binge eating at post‐treatment and 47.4% at one‐month follow‐up. Participants reported significant pretreatment to post‐treatment reductions on measures of specific eating disorder psychopathology, general psychopathology, and functional impairment and high levels of treatment acceptability.ConclusionsThese results provide ‘proof‐of‐concept’ for the train‐the‐trainer implementation strategy and add to the evidence supporting the feasibility and effectiveness of CBTgsh in routine clinical care. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Primary intestinal‐like adenocarcinoma of major salivary glands: 2 instances of previously undocumented phenotype
Authors: Gillenwater Ann M. , Frank Steven J. , Fatani Hanadi , El–Naggar Adel K. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundPrimary intestinal‐like adenocarcinoma of the major salivary glands has not previously been reported.MethodsThe clinical and radiological findings of 2 patients with primary submandibular and sublingual tumors are presented. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examinations of tumor sections were performed. Metastatic workup for distant occult primary was carried out.ResultsThe light‐optic and the immunomarkers revealed intestinal‐like adenocarcinoma consistent with upper respiratory tract origin. Metastatic workup of both patients was negative for primary gastro‐intestinal primary.ConclusionPrimary intestinal‐like adenocarcinoma can develop in major salivary glands and should be considered in the differential diagnosis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Natural killer cells in liver disease
Authors: Tian Zhigang , Chen Yongyan , Gao Bin 
Published: October 2012

Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells are enriched in lymphocytes within the liver and have unique phenotypic features and functional properties, including tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand–-dependent cytotoxicity and specific cytokine profiles. As a key component of innate immunity in the liver, NK cells perform critical roles in host defense against pathogens and tumors through their natural cytotoxicity and cytokine production, and they also act as regulatory cells by engaging in reciprocal interactions with other types of liver cells through cell-to-cell contact and the production of cytokines. Accumulating evidence from the last decade suggests that NK cells play an important role in controlling viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and liver tumorigenesis, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of liver injury and inflammation. The characterization of intrahepatic NK cell functions has not only helped us to better understand the pathogenesis of liver disease, but has also revealed new therapeutic targets for managing this disease.
Sclerostin antibody treatment improves bone mass, bone strength, and bone defect regeneration in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hamann Christine , Rauner Martina , Höhna Yvonne , Bernhardt Ricardo , Mettelsiefen Jan , Goettsch Claudia , Günther Klaus-Peter , Stolina Marina , Han Chun-Ya , Asuncion Franklin J , Ominsky Michael S , Hofbauer Lorenz C 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus results in increased risk of fracture and delayed fracture healing. ZDF fa/fa rats are an established model of type 2 diabetes mellitus with low bone mass and delayed bone healing. We tested whether a sclerostin-neutralizing antibody (Scl-AbVI) would reverse the skeletal deficits of diabetic ZDF rats. Femoral defects of 3 mm were created in 11-week-old diabetic ZDF fa/fa and nondiabetic ZDF +/+ rats and stabilized by an internal plate. Saline or 25 mg/kg Scl-AbVI was administered subcutaneously (s.c.) twice weekly for 12 weeks (n = 9–10/group). Bone mass and strength were assessed using pQCT, micro–computed tomography (µCT), and biomechanical testing. Bone histomorphometry was used to assess bone formation, and the filling of the bone defect was analyzed by µCT. Diabetic rats displayed lower spinal and femoral bone mass compared to nondiabetic rats, and Scl-AbVI treatment significantly enhanced bone mass of the femur and the spine of diabetic rats (p &lt; 0.0001). Scl-AbVI also reversed the deficit in bone strength in the diabetic rats, with 65% and 89% increases in maximum load at the femoral shaft and neck, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001). The lower bone mass in diabetic rats was associated with a 65% decrease in vertebral bone formation rate, which Scl-AbVI increased by sixfold, consistent with a pronounced anabolic effect. Nondiabetic rats filled 57% of the femoral defect, whereas diabetic rats filled only 21% (p &lt; 0.05). Scl-AbVI treatment increased defect regeneration by 47% and 74%, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Sclerostin antibody treatment reverses the adverse effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on bone mass and strength, and improves bone defect regeneration in rats. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Quantifying load-induced solute transport and solute-matrix interaction within the osteocyte lacunar-canalicular system
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhou Xiaozhou , Price Christopher , Li Wen , Pan Jun , Wang Liyun 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Osteocytes, the most abundant cells in bone, are essential in maintaining tissue homeostasis and orchestrating bone's mechanical adaptation. Osteocytes depend upon load-induced convection within the lacunar-canalicular system (LCS) to maintain viability and to sense their mechanical environment. Using the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) imaging approach, we previously quantified the convection of a small tracer (sodium fluorescein, 376 Da) in the murine tibial LCS under intermittent cyclic loading. In the present study, we first expanded the investigation of solute transport using a larger tracer (parvalbumin, 12.3 kDa), which is comparable in size to some signaling proteins secreted by osteocytes. Murine tibiae were subjected to sequential FRAP tests under rest-inserted cyclic loading while the loading magnitude (0, 2.8, or 4.8 N) and frequency (0.5, 1, or 2 Hz) were varied. The characteristic transport rate k and the transport enhancement relative to diffusion (k/k0) were measured under each loading condition, from which the peak solute velocity in the LCS was derived using our LCS transport model. Both the transport enhancement and solute velocity increased with loading magnitude and decreased with loading frequency. Furthermore, the solute-matrix interaction, quantified in terms of the reflection coefficient through the osteocytic pericellular matrix (PCM), was measured and theoretically modeled. The reflection coefficient of parvalbumin (σ = 0.084) was derived from the differential fluid and solute velocities within loaded bone. Using a newly developed PCM sieving model, the PCM's fiber configurations accounting for the measured interactions were obtained for the first time. The present study provided not only new data on the micro-fluidic environment experienced by osteocytes in situ but also a powerful quantitative tool for future study of the PCM, the critical interface that controls both outside-in and inside-out signaling in osteocytes during normal bone adaptation and in pathological conditions. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Sclerostin antibody inhibits skeletal deterioration due to reduced mechanical loading
Authors: Spatz Jordan M , Ellman Rachel , Cloutier Alison M , Louis Leeann , van Vliet Miranda , Suva Larry J , Dwyer Denise , Stolina Marina , Ke Hua Zhu , Bouxsein Mary L 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Sclerostin, a product of the SOST gene produced mainly by osteocytes, is a potent negative regulator of bone formation that appears to be responsive to mechanical loading, with SOST expression increasing following mechanical unloading. We tested the ability of a murine sclerostin antibody (SclAbII) to prevent bone loss in adult mice subjected to hindlimb unloading (HLU) via tail suspension for 21 days. Mice (n = 11–17/group) were assigned to control (CON, normal weight bearing) or HLU and injected with either SclAbII (subcutaneously, 25 mg/kg) or vehicle (VEH) twice weekly. SclAbII completely inhibited the bone deterioration due to disuse, and induced bone formation such that bone properties in HLU-SclAbII were at or above values of CON-VEH mice. For example, hindlimb bone mineral density (BMD) decreased –9.2% ± 1.0% in HLU-VEH, whereas it increased 4.2% ± 0.7%, 13.1% ± 1.0%, and 30.6% ± 3.0% in CON-VEH, HLU-SclAbII, and CON-SclAbII, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001). Trabecular bone volume, assessed by micro–computed tomography (µCT) imaging of the distal femur, was lower in HLU-VEH versus CON-VEH (p &lt; 0.05), and was 2- to 3-fold higher in SclAbII groups versus VEH (p &lt; 0.001). Midshaft femoral strength, assessed by three-point bending, and distal femoral strength, assessed by micro–finite element analysis (µFEA), were significantly higher in SclAbII versus VEH-groups in both loading conditions. Serum sclerostin was higher in HLU-VEH (134 ± 5 pg/mL) compared to CON-VEH (116 ± 6 pg/mL, p &lt; 0.05). Serum osteocalcin was decreased by hindlimb suspension and increased by SclAbII treatment. Interestingly, the anabolic effects of sclerostin inhibition on some bone outcomes appeared to be enhanced by normal mechanical loading. Altogether, these results confirm the ability of SclAbII to abrogate disuse-induced bone loss and demonstrate that sclerostin antibody treatment increases bone mass by increasing bone formation in both normally loaded and underloaded environments. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Revealing noncovalent interactions in quantum crystallography: Taurine revisited
Authors: Yang Jack , Waller Mark P. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe charge density distribution in taurine (2‐aminoethane‐sulfonic acid) is further studied with the molecular orbital occupation number refinement scheme. The recently proposed NCIPLOT scheme (Johnson et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 6498) is applied to visualize the noncovalent interactions from experimentally refined charge densities. Herein, we demonstrate the evolution of the reduced density gradient isosurface during the charge density refinement process. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Block‐adaptive quantum mechanics: An adaptive divide‐and‐conquer approach to interactive quantum chemistry
Authors: Bosson Maël , Grudinin Sergei , Redon Stephane 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe present a novel Block‐Adaptive Quantum Mechanics (BAQM) approach to interactive quantum chemistry. Although quantum chemistry models are known to be computationally demanding, we achieve interactive rates by focusing computational resources on the most active parts of the system. BAQM is based on a divide‐and‐conquer technique and constrains some nucleus positions and some electronic degrees of freedom on the fly to simplify the simulation. As a result, each time step may be performed significantly faster, which in turn may accelerate attraction to the neighboring local minima. By applying our approach to the nonself‐consistent Atom Superposition and Electron Delocalization Molecular Orbital theory, we demonstrate interactive rates and efficient virtual prototyping for systems containing more than a thousand of atoms on a standard desktop computer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conventional strain energies of azetidine and phosphetane: Can density functional theory yield reliable results?
Authors: Smith Shelley A. , Hand Karen E. , Love Melissa L. , Hill Glake , Magers David H. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe conventional strain energies for azetidine and phosphetane are determined within the isodesmic, homodesmotic, and hyperhomodesmotic models. Optimum equilibrium geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and corresponding electronic energies and zero‐point vibrational energies are computed for all pertinent molecular systems using self‐consistent field theory, second‐order perturbation theory, and density functional theory and using the correlation consistent basis sets cc‐pVDZ, cc‐pVTZ, and cc‐pVQZ. Single point fourth‐order perturbation theory, CCSD, and CCSD(T) calculations using the cc‐pVTZ and the cc‐pVQZ basis sets are computed using the MP2/cc‐pVTZ and MP2/cc‐pVQZ optimized geometries, respectively, to ascertain the contribution of higher order correlation effects and to determine if the quadruple‐zeta valence basis set is needed when higher order correlation is included. In the density functional theory study, eight different functionals are used including B3LYP, wB97XD, and M06‐2X to determine if any functional can yield results similar to those obtained at the CCSD(T) level. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Catalytic Oxidation of Indigo Carmine in the Presence of Silver Nanoparticles: Application to Groundwater Analysis
Authors: Sahraei R. , Cheraghi J. , Hushmandfar R. , Abbasi S. , Mortazavi S. S. , Noorizadeh H. , Farmany A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe oxidation of indigo carmine by potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) is catalyzed by trace of silver nanoparticle (AgNP). The reaction is followed UV‐Vis absorption spectrophotometrically by measuring the change in the absorption spectra (λmax 612 nm). The catalytic oxidation reaction is used for the quantification of indigo carmine. The calibration graph was linear in the concentration range 50 nM—1.8 μM of indigo carmine. The variables affecting the method have been optimized. The method is applied to the determination of indigo carmine in groundwater samples with the satisfactory results.
Effect of Dy3+‐doping on Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO4/C Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Göktepe Hüseyin 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDy doping and carbon coating are adopted to synthesize a LiFePO4 cathode material in a simple solution environment. The samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge‐discharge tests. An initial discharge capacity of 153 mAh/g was achieved for the LiDy0.02Fe0.98PO4/C composite cathode with a rate of 0.1 C. In addition the electronic conductivity of Dy doped LiFePO4/C was enhanced to 1.9 × 10−2 Scm−1. The results suggest that the improvement of the electrochemical properties are attributed to the dysprosium doping and carbon coating which facilitates the phase transformation between triphylite and heterosite during cycling. XRD data indicate that doping did not destroy the lattice structure of LiFePO4. To evaluate the effect of Dy substitution, cyclic voltammetry was used at room temperature. prepared. From Cv measurement a more symmetric curve with smaller interval between the cathodic and anodic peak current was obtained by Dy substitution. This denoted a decreasing of polarization with Dy substitution, which illustrated an enhancement of electrochemical performances.
Effect of optimal irrigation, different fertilization, and reduced tillage on soil organic carbon storage and crop yields in the North China Plain
Authors: Zhao Xiaoning , Hu Kelin , Li Kejiang , Wang Pu , Ma Yongliang , Stahr Karl 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the effect of different agricultural managements on soil organic C (SOC) storage and crop yields in the North China Plain (NCP). The study was conducted at five experimental stations. Different agricultural managements were designed, including optimal (OPT) and conventional (CON) irrigation and fertilization treatments, different amounts of fertilization application and residue‐return treatments, and different tillage practices. Compared to the CON treatment, SOC storage in the 1 m soil profile under the OPT treatment increased by 2 t ha–1, 8 t ha–1, and 4 t ha–1 at Quzhou, Wuqiao, and Dongbeiwang sites, respectively. The annual increasing rate of SOC storages in the topsoil (0–30 cm) under the OPT treatments at Wuqiao (0.88 t ha–1 y–1), Quzhou (0.93 t ha–1 y–1), and Dongbeiwang (1.86 t ha–1 y–1) were higher than those in the CON treatments at Wuqiao (0.15 t ha–1 y–1), Quzhou (0.54 t ha–1 y–1), and Dongbeiwang (0.28 t ha–1 y–1), but the difference of grain yields between the two treatments was not significant. The SOC storage in 1 m soil profile in the no‐tillage treatment with standing residue return (NT1) at Luancheng increased by 5 t ha–1 and 7 t ha–1 compared with rotary‐tillage (RT) and conventional‐tillage (CT) treatments, respectively, but the crop yield under no‐tillage treatment was the lowest. While at Quzhou site, it increased by 3 t ha–1 in the top 40 cm soil under the NT treatment compared to the CT treatment. The annual increasing rate of SOC storage in the top 30 cm under NT treatment was also the highest (1.08 t ha–1 y–1 at Luancheng, 1.86 t ha–1 y–1 at Quzhou), compared to the other tillage treatments. At Henghsui site, the combination of the highest fertilization application and highest residue‐return treatments got the highest SOC storage and the highest crop yields. We concluded that the agricultural management practices, such as optimal irrigation and fertilization treatment, the higher fertilization, residue return and RT, has significant impact on the SOC storage and agricultural sustainability in the NCP.
Analyzing capillary‐rise method settings for contact‐angle determination of granular media§
Authors: Carlos Ramírez‐Flores Juan , Bachmann Jörg 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWater repellency is a relevant topic in soil‐science research due to its effects on vegetation growth, occurrence of surface runoff, infiltration, and erosion. Different methods have been adapted for the assessment of soil wettability by measuring the contact angle (CA), like the capillary‐rise method (CRM), where the liquid penetration dynamics into a dry sample is analyzed. However, questions related to sample preparation and the use of a suitable reference liquid in order to improve the reproducibility in such heterogeneous materials are still open. Different methods use ethanol as a reference liquid to quantify the degree of water repellency, like the molarity of ethanol droplets (MED), whereas other methods (CRM) suggest in addition n‐hexane as reference. To date, no generally accepted protocol has been invented to apply the CRM to soil particles. By using model porous materials with defined and stable levels of water repellency (silt, sand, and glass beads), CA results were compared for different initial settings of the sample. The main objective was to prove the CRM as a reliable and reproducible method to characterize soil wettability and to specify general guidelines for its application for granular materials in terms of sample size, sample‐packing procedure, and reference liquid. Results showed that a sample weight of ≈ 2 g has a relatively lower CA variation between replications. The packing procedure showed erratic results in CA, proving to be a critical factor in reproducibility. A uniform criterion of samples packing is recommended regarding application of CRM in soils. Regarding the reference liquid, n‐hexane should be preferred instead of ethanol for dynamic CA determination, because ethanol increased the tendency of CRM to overestimate angles due to dynamic effects, especially in finer‐textured materials (i.e., silt).
Can detection of late‐onset PE at triage by sflt‐1 or PlGF be improved by the use of additional biomarkers?
Authors: Kaufmann Ines , Rusterholz Corinne , Hösli Irene , Hahn Sinuhe , Lapaire Olav 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveAccurate identification of preeclampsia (PE) at triage is essential to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The use of maternal blood based biomarkers may facilitate the clinician's ability to assess high risk pregnancies at triage.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional study was performed to investigate the value of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1), soluble endoglin (sEng), placental growth factor (PlGF), sP‐selectin, cell‐free fetal DNA and total cell‐free DNA in patients with late‐onset PE versus gestational age‐matched controls.ResultsThe diagnosis of late‐onset PE (n = 21) at triage was significantly improved by altered levels of sFlt‐1, sEng, PlGF and cffDNA as compared with controls (n = 42). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves [AUC, Standard error (SE)] for predicting PE were for marker measurements prior to the first stage of labor as follows: sFlt‐1 0.97 (SE 0.02), sEng 0.91 (SE 0.04), PlGF 0.95 (SE 0.04), cell‐free fetal DNA (DYS 14) 0.84 (SE 0.06), total cell‐free DNA (glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase) 0.61 (SE 0.07), sP‐selectin 0.51 (SE 0.07). The discrimination could be slightly improved by using the slt1‐PlGF ratio: 0.98 (SE 0.02).ConclusionThe sFlt‐1 is a useful tool for the detection of late‐onset PE at triage. This can be slightly improved using a sFlt‐1/PIGF ratio. The addition of other biomarkers did not improve screening performance for late‐onset PE. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Standing on the shoulders of Hermann Staudinger: Post‐polymerization modification from past to present
Authors: Günay Kemal Arda , Theato Patrick , Klok Harm‐Anton 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWith a span as long as the history of polymer science itself, post‐polymerization modification represents a versatile platform for the preparation of diversely functionalized polymers from a single precursor. Starting with the initial efforts by Staudinger in the 1920s, many of the early developments in modern polymer science can be attributed to the utilization of post‐polymerization modification reactions. The scope of post‐polymerization modification has greatly expanded since the 1990s due to the development of functional group tolerant controlled/living polymerization techniques combined with the (re)discovery of highly efficient coupling chemistries that allow quantitative, chemoselective, and orthogonal functionalization of reactive polymer precursors. After some basic mechanistic considerations, this Highlight will provide an overview of the development and evolution of eight main classes of post‐polymerization modification reactions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013