bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of tumor response to cisplatin with simultaneous fluorescence and positron emission tomography: a feasibility study
Authors: Liu Fei , Cao Xu , Liu Shuangquan , Zhang Bin , He Wei , Song Jinping , Dai Zhongquan , Zhang Bin , Luo Jianwen , Li Yinghui , Shan Baoci , Bai Jing 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDual modality molecular imaging can capture concurrent molecular events and evaluate therapeutic efficacy from uniquely different perspectives based on different molecular targets. In this work, dual modality tomographic imaging, 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose based positron emission tomography and subsurface fluorescence molecular tomography ([18F]FDG‐PET/subsurface FMT), is proposed to monitor tumor response to cisplatin on a mouse xenograft model in vivo. One mouse was administered with cisplatin (1.0 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection once every day for 14 days, and another mouse was administered with saline to serve as the control. Dual modality [18F]FDG‐PET/subsurface FMT imaging was conducted on days 0, 2, 5, 9, 15, and 22. In vivo imaging and quantitative analysis demonstrated the feasibility of [18F]FDG‐PET/subsurface FMT imaging in tracking the changes of [18F]FDG tumor uptake and amount of red fluorescent protein (RFP) synthesized by tumor cells in the same mouse simultaneously. Dual modality [18F]FDG‐PET/subsurface FMT imaging may thus provide a powerful tool for better understanding disease progress and treatment evaluation from different perspectives. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Role of Brain Peptides in the Reproduction of Blue Gourami Males (Trichogaster trichopterus)
Authors: Levy Gal , Degani Gad 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn all vertebrates, reproduction and growth are closely linked and both are controlled by complex hormonal interactions at the brain‐pituitary level. In this study, we focused on the reciprocal interactions between brain peptides that regulate growth and reproductive functions in a teleostei fish (blue gourami Trichogaster trichopterus). An increase in gonadotropin‐releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) gene expression was detected during ontogeny, and this peptide increased growth hormone (GH) and β follicle‐stimulating hormone (βFSH) gene expression in pituitary cell culture. However, although no change in gonadotropin‐releasing hormone 2 (GnRH2) gene expression during the reproductive cycle or sexual behavior was detected, a stimulatory effect of this peptide on β gonadotropins (βGtH) gene expression was observed. In addition, pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide 38 (PACAP‐38) inhibited GnRH‐analog‐induced βFSH gene expression, and co‐treatment of cells with GnRH‐analog and PACAP‐38 inhibited GnRH‐analog‐stimulatory and PACAP‐38‐inhibitory effects on GH gene expression. These findings together with previous studies were used to create a model summarizing the mechanism of brain peptides (GnRH, PACAP and its related peptide) and the relationship to reproduction and growth through pituitary hormone gene expression during ontogenesis and reproductive stages in blue gourami. J. Exp. Zool. 319A: 461–470, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduction of the field‐aligned potential drop in the polar cap during large geomagnetic storms
Authors: Kitamura N. , Seki K. , Nishimura Y. , Hori T. , Terada N. , Ono T. , Strangeway R. J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWe have studied photoelectron flows and the inferred field‐aligned potential drop in the polar cap during five large geomagnetic storms, which occurred in the periods when the photoelectron observations in the polar cap are available near the apogee of the Fast Auroral SnapshoT satellite (~4000 km) at solar maximum, and the footprint of the satellite paths in the polar cap was under sunlit conditions most of the time. In contrast to the ~20 V potential drop during geomagnetically quiet periods at solar maximum identified by Kitamura et al. (2012), the field‐aligned potential drop frequently became smaller than ~5 V during the main and early recovery phases of the large geomagnetic storms. This result indicates that the acceleration of ions by a field‐aligned potential drop in the polar cap and the lobe region is smaller during the main and early recovery phases of large geomagnetic storms compared to during geomagnetically quiet periods. Since ions with large flux originating from the cusp/cleft ionosphere convect into the polar cap during geomagnetic storms, the net escaping electron number flux should increase to balance the enhanced ion outflows under small field‐aligned current conditions. The magnitude of the field‐aligned potential drop would be reduced to let larger part of photoelectrons escape.
Compressed sensing reconstruction for undersampled breath‐hold radial cine imaging with auxiliary free‐breathing data
Authors: Nam Seunghoon , Hong Susie N. , Akçakaya Mehmet , Kwak Yongjun , Goddu Beth , Kissinger Kraig V. , Manning Warren J. , Tarokh Vahid , Nezafat Reza 
Published: July 2013

PurposeTo improve compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction of accelerated breath‐hold (BH) radial cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by exploiting auxiliary data acquired between different BHs.Materials and MethodsCardiac function is usually assessed using segmented cine acquisitions over multiple BHs to cover the entire left ventricle (LV). Subjects are given a resting period between adjacent BHs, when conventionally no data are acquired and subjects rest in the scanner. In this study the resting periods between BHs were used to acquire additional free‐breathing (FB) data, which are subsequently used to generate a sparsity constraint for each cardiac phase. Images reconstructed using the proposed sparsity constraint were compared with conventional CS using a composite image generated by averaging different cardiac phases. The efficacy of the proposed reconstruction was compared using indices of LV function and blood‐myocardium sharpness.ResultsThe proposed method provided accurate LV ejection fraction measurements for 33% and 20% sampled datasets compared with fully sampled reference images, and showed 14% and 11% higher blood‐myocardium border sharpness scores compared to the conventional CS.ConclusionThe FB data acquired during resting periods can be efficiently used to improve the image quality of the undersampled BH data without increasing the total scan time. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:179–188. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of a new discrete‐time LQR‐based motion cueing on driving simulator
Authors: Aykent B. , Merienne F. , Paillot D. , Kemeny A. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYThis study proposes a method and an experimental validation to analyze dynamics response of the simulator's cabin and platform with respect to the type of the control used in the hexapod driving simulator. In this article, two different forms of motion platform tracking control are performed as a classical motion cueing algorithm and a discrete‐time linear quadratic regulator (LQR) motion cueing algorithm. For each situation, vehicle dynamics and motion platform level data are registered from the driving simulation software. In addition, the natural frequencies of the roll accelerations are obtained in real‐time by using FFT. The data are denoised by using wavelet 1D transformation. The results show that by using discrete‐time LQR algorithm, the roll acceleration amplitudes that correspond to the natural frequencies and the total roll jerk have decreased at the motion platform level. Also, the natural frequencies have increased reasonably by using the discrete LQR motion cueing (1.5–2.2 Hz) compared with using the classical algorithm (0.4–1.5 Hz) at the motion platform, which is an indicator of motion sickness incidence avoidance. The literature shows that lateral motion (roll, yaw, etc.) in the frequency range of 0.1–0.5 Hz induces motion sickness. Furthermore, using discrete‐time LQR motion cueing algorithm has decreased the sensation error (motion platform–vehicle (cabin) levels) two times in terms of total roll jerk. In conclusion, discrete‐time LQR motion cueing has reduced the simulator sickness more than the classical motion cueing algorithm depending on sensory cue conflict theory. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of quenching rate on the average grain size and martensitic transformation temperature in rapidly solidified polycrystalline Ni50Mn37Sn13 alloy ribbons
Authors: Quintana‐Nedelcos A. , Llamazares J. L. Sánchez , Ríos‐Jara D. , Lara‐Rodríguez A. G. , García‐Fernández T. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe present investigation was undertaken to investigate the effect of quenching rate on the microstructure of Ni50Mn50 − xSnx ribbon alloys and its influence on the martensitic starting phase‐transition temperature MS. The study was performed on melt‐spun ribbons of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (FSMA) of composition Ni50Mn37Sn13 produced by varying the speed of the rotating copper wheel between 15 and 50 m s−1. The resulting samples have a chemical composition close to the nominal one and at room temperature crystallize in a cubic single‐phase austenite with the highly ordered L21‐type crystal structure without a significant variation in the cell parameter. The average grain size varies between 1.4 and 7.3 µm, while MS increased from 212 to 258 K. Our results suggest that in these materials the average grain size of the parent austenite phase limits the size of the martensite variants, giving rise to its stabilization, while a multivariant transformation mode is maintained.
Identification of Lagrangian coherent structures in a turbulent boundary layer
Authors: Wilson Z. D. , Tutkun M. , Cal R. B. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractLagrangian coherent structures (LCS) of a turbulent boundary layer at${\mathit{Re}}_{\theta } $of 9800 are identified in a plane parallel to the wall at${y}^{+ } = 50$. Three-component high-speed stereo particle image velocimetry measurements on a two-dimensional rectangular plane are used for the analysis. The velocity field is extended in the streamwise direction, using Taylor’s frozen field hypothesis. A computational approach utilizing the variational theory of hyperbolic Lagrangian coherent structures is applied to the domain and trajectories are computed using the extended field. The method identified both attracting and repelling Lagrangian coherent structures. There are no apparent differences in distribution of size, orientation and location of attracting and repelling structures. Hyperbolic behaviour appeared in the fluid at and around points of intersection between the attracting and repelling Lagrangian coherent structures. The network of curves identifying distinct regions of coherent flow patterns is displayed in observed relationship between the arrangement of Lagrangian coherent structures and various Eulerian fields.
Invariants for slightly heated decaying grid turbulence
Authors: Antonia R. A. , Lee S. K. , Djenidi L. , Lavoie P. , Danaila L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe paper examines the validity of velocity and scalar invariants in slightly heated and approximately isotropic turbulence generated by passive conventional grids. By assuming that the variances $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle $ ($u$ and $\theta $ represent the longitudinal velocity and temperature fluctuations) decay along the streamwise direction $x$ according to power laws $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle \sim {(x- {x}_{0} )}^{{n}_{u} } $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle \sim {(x- {x}_{0} )}^{{n}_{\theta } } $ (${x}_{0} $ is the virtual origin of the flow) and with the further assumption that the one-point energy and scalar variance budgets are represented closely by a balance between the rates of change of $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle $ and the corresponding mean energy dissipation rates, the products $\langle {u}^{2} \rangle { \lambda }_{u}^{- 2{n}_{u} } $ and $\langle {\theta }^{2} \rangle { \lambda }_{\theta }^{- 2{n}_{\theta } } $ must remain constant with respect to $x$. Here ${\lambda }_{u} $ and ${\lambda }_{\theta } $ are the Taylor and Corrsin microscales. This is unambiguously supported by previously available data, as well as new measurements of $u$ and $\theta $ made at small Reynolds numbers downstream of three different biplane grids. Implications for invariants based on measured integral length scales of $u$ and $\theta $ are also tested after confirming that the dimensionless energy and scalar variance dissipation rate parameters are approximately constant with $x$. Since the magnitudes of ${n}_{u} $ and ${n}_{\theta } $ vary from grid to grid and may also depend on the Reynolds number, the Saffman and Corrsin invariants which correspond to a value of $- 1. 2$ for ${n}_{u} $ and ${n}_{\theta } $ are unlikely to apply in general. The effect of the Reynolds number on ${n}_{u} $ is discussed in the context of published data for both passive and active grids.
Direct numerical evidence of stress-induced cavitation
Authors: Falcucci G. , Jannelli E. , Ubertini S. , Succi S. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this paper direct numerical evidence of flow-induced incipient cavitation is presented through lattice Boltzmann simulations of multiphase flows with a non-ideal thermodynamic equation of state. Cavitation emerges spontaneously as a result of the underlying non-ideal interactions, with no need for any modelling criteria based on the fluid variables, such as pressure or stress tensor. The onset of cavitation is well captured by Joseph’s minimum tension criteria, (Joseph,J. Fluid Mech., vol. 366, 1998, pp. 367–378; Dabiri, Sirignano & Joseph,Phys. Fluids, vol. 19, 2007, 072112), complemented with surface tension corrections, as proposed by Brennen (Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics, Oxford University Press, 1995). The simulations also show that the cavitation number (${C}_{N} $) proves to be a poor predictor of the onset of cavitation. Finally, strong dependence of the bubble morphology on the surface tension is also highlighted.
Change in drag, apparent slip and optimum air layer thickness for laminar flow over an idealised superhydrophobic surface
Authors: Busse A. , Sandham N. D. , McHale G. , Newton M. I. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAnalytic results are derived for the apparent slip length, the change in drag and the optimum air layer thickness of laminar channel and pipe flow over an idealised superhydrophobic surface, i.e. a gas layer of constant thickness retained on a wall. For a simple Couette flow the gas layer always has a drag reducing effect, and the apparent slip length is positive, assuming that there is a favourable viscosity contrast between liquid and gas. In pressure-driven pipe and channel flow blockage limits the drag reduction caused by the lubricating effects of the gas layer; thus an optimum gas layer thickness can be derived. The values for the change in drag and the apparent slip length are strongly affected by the assumptions made for the flow in the gas phase. The standard assumptions of a constant shear rate in the gas layer or an equal pressure gradient in the gas layer and liquid layer give considerably higher values for the drag reduction and the apparent slip length than an alternative assumption of a vanishing mass flow rate in the gas layer. Similarly, a minimum viscosity contrast of four must be exceeded to achieve drag reduction under the zero mass flow rate assumption whereas the drag can be reduced for a viscosity contrast greater than unity under the conventional assumptions. Thus, traditional formulae from lubrication theory lead to an overestimation of the optimum slip length and drag reduction when applied to superhydrophobic surfaces, where the gas is trapped.
Coalescence of drops with mobile interfaces in a quiescent fluid
Authors: Nemer M. B. , Santoro P. , Chen X. , Bławzdziewicz J. , Loewenberg M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA study on the axisymmetric near-contact motion of drops with tangentially mobile interfaces under the action of a body force in a quiescent fluid is described. A long-time asymptotic analysis is presented for small-deformation conditions. Under these conditions the drops are nearly spherical, except in the near-contact region, where a flattened thin film forms. According to our analysis, a hydrostatic dome does not form in the near-contact region at long times, in contrast to the assumption underlying all previous analyses of this problem. Instead, the shape of the film in the near-contact region results from the absence of tangential stresses acting on it. As a result, the long-time behaviour of the system is qualitatively different than previously predicted. According to the theory presented herein, the minimum film thickness (rim region) decays with time as ${h}_{m} \sim {t}^{- 4/ 5} $, and the thickness at the centre of the film decays as ${h}_{0} \sim {t}^{- 3/ 5} $, which is a faster decay than predicted by prior analyses based on a hydrostatic dome. Numerical thin-film simulations quantitatively confirm the predictions of our small-deformation theory. Boundary-integral simulations of the full two-drop problem suggest that the theory also describes qualitatively the long-time evolution under finite-deformation conditions.
Mobility and Identity in a Wider European Union
Authors: Marcu Silvia 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Over the past two decades, the theoretical frameworks of human mobility studies have undergone profound changes. The rise of transnational and border analysis, the formulation of the embodied experiences of migration, the increasing interest in migrants' attachment to place and sense of home have coalesced to enrich our understanding of human mobility. This paper explores how Romanian immigrants in Spain interpret the changes to their global identity in terms of self-perceptions within the context of the enlargement of the European Union (EU) towards Eastern Europe. By means of qualitative research, the principal aim of this article is to highlight how the migration process, which is closely tied to border dynamics and European expansion, and which has occurred in stages from 1990 to the present, has influenced the (re)construction of identity and the changes in discourse among immigrants. The experiences of the interviewees show that migration/mobility and place – that left behind in the country of origin and the new place in the receiving country – are essential factors in the reconstruction of identity in the twenty-first century.
Seasonality, weather and climate affect home range size in roe deer across a wide latitudinal gradient within Europe
Authors: Morellet Nicolas , Bonenfant Christophe , Börger Luca , Ossi Federico , Cagnacci Francesca , Heurich Marco , Kjellander Petter , Linnell John D. C. , Nicoloso Sandro , Sustr Pavel , Urbano Ferdinando , Mysterud Atle 
Published: July 2013

Summary

Because many large mammal species have wide geographical ranges, spatially distant populations may be confronted with different sets of environmental conditions. Investigating how home range (HR) size varies across environmental gradients should yield a better understanding of the factors affecting large mammal ecology.

We evaluated how HR size of a large herbivore, the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), varies in relation to seasonality, latitude (climate), weather, plant productivity and landscape features across its geographical range in Western Europe. As roe deer are income breeders, expected to adjust HR size continuously to temporal variation in food resources and energetic requirements, our baseline prediction was for HR size to decrease with proxies of resource availability.

We used GPS locations of roe deer collected from seven study sites (EURODEER collaborative project) to estimate fixed‐kernel HR size at weekly and monthly temporal scales. We performed an unusually comprehensive analysis of variation in HR size among and within populations over time across the geographical range of a single species using generalized additive mixed models and linear mixed models, respectively.

Among populations, HR size decreased with increasing values for proxies of forage abundance, but increased with increases in seasonality, stochastic variation of temperature, latitude and snow cover. Within populations, roe deer HR size varied over time in relation to seasonality and proxies of forage abundance in a consistent way across the seven populations. Thus, our findings were broadly consistent across the distributional range of this species, demonstrating a strong and ubiquitous link between the amplitude and timing of environmental seasonality and HR size at the continental scale.

Overall, the variability in average HR size of roe deer across Europe reflects the interaction among local weather, climate and seasonality, providing valuable insight into the limiting factors affecting this large herbivore under contrasting conditions. The complexity of the relationships suggests that predicting ranging behaviour of large herbivores in relation to current and future climate change will require detailed knowledge not only about predicted increases in temperature, but also how this interacts with factors such as day length and climate predictability.
Outcome of active anti‐cancer treatment in elderly patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: A single center experience
Authors: Kim Ji Hye , Ryu Min Sun , Ryu Yon Ju , Lee Jin Hwa , Shim Sung Shine , Kim Yookyung , Chang Jung Hyun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of active anti‐cancer treatment (AAT) compared with best supportive care (BSC) in elderly patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 144 patients, aged 70 or older, with stage IIIb/IV NSCLC from 672 patients with confirmed lung cancer, was conducted.ResultsMedian age at diagnosis was 77 years and median survival time was five months. On multivariate analysis, AAT independently contributed to a decreased hazard ratio of death (P = 0.04), whereas male gender (P = 0.004), a body mass index of less than 18.5 (P = 0.004), and a poor performance score were associated with an increased risk of death (P < 0.001). The 52 subjects receiving AAT experienced longer survival than the 92 subjects receiving BSC (median seven months [AAT] versus three months [BSC]; P < 0.001). When sub‐classified into five‐year age intervals, AAT was a significant advantage in overall survival (OS) to patients aged 70–74, but not to those ≥75 years old.ConclusionsAAT for patients ≥70 years old with advanced NSCLC extended OS. However, care should be taken in decisions on active anti‐cancer treatments for patients over 75 years old. A prospective multicenter trial is required in the near future.