bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Production of Methane from Aqueous Biocarbohydrate Streams over a Mixture of Platinum and Ruthenium Catalysts
Authors: Neira D'Angelo Maria Fernanda , Ordomsky Vitaly , van der Schaaf John , Schouten Jaap C. , Nijhuis Tjeerd Alexander 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA one‐step process for the selective production of methane from low‐value aqueous carbohydrate streams is proposed. Sorbitol, used herein as a model compound, is fully converted to methane, CO2, and a minor amount of H2 by using a physical mixture of Pt and Ru (1:5 in mass basis) at 220 °C and 35 bar. This conversion is the result of hydrogenolysis of part of the sorbitol over Ru and the in situ production of H2 through the aqueous‐phase reforming of the remaining carbohydrate over Pt. A synergistic effect of the combination of these two catalysts results in the rapid and highly selective conversion of the carbohydrate to methane. This process offers the possibility of upgrading a low‐value carbohydrate stream into a valuable fuel with no addition of H2. Exergy analysis reveals that nearly 80 % of the exergy of the reactant is recovered as methane.
A Proxy Communication Method in Machine‐to‐Machine System to Enable the Device Connection to Different Multiple Services and Its Implementation
Authors: Kitagami Shinji , Kaneko Yosuke , Yasuda Akihisa , Minemura Harumi , Koizumi Hisao 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYThe use of machine‐to‐machine (M2M) systems has spread among people seeking to connect devices with remote systems via the Internet to provide services such as remote maintenance and remote energy management without human intervention. For the access network for M2M systems, not only security and immediacy, but also multiservice connectivity is required, which makes it possible to connect devices with multiple services. In this paper, an M2M proxy communication method is proposed as a communication method that achieves multiservice connectivity and security and immediacy at the same time. In the proposed method, a proxy server located between devices and application servers relays communications among them. In the relay processing, multiservice connectivity of the access network is achieved by performing access or exclusive control to devices. By adopting the M2M proxy communication method, the access network simultaneously provides multiservice connectivity, security, and immediacy at low cost without introducing any special scheme into devices. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(12): 74–84, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11474
Study of Plant Bioelectric Potential Response Due to Photochemical Reaction and Carbon‐Fixation Reaction in Photosynthetic Process
Authors: Ando Ki , Hasegawa Yuki , Yaji Tamaki , Uchida Hidekazu 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYWe focused on measurement of the bioelectric potential as a method of evaluating plant activities and supporting effective cultivation. In this study, we investigated the bioelectric potential response due to photochemical reactions and carbon‐fixation reactions in the process of photosynthesis. First, we measured the bioelectric potential when illumination was started and stopped, under N2 gas conditions in order to suppress the carbon‐fixation reaction and respiration. It was found that the amplitude of the potential response was related to the illumination intensity and the wavelength. We considered that the amplitude of the potential response under N2 conditions indicated the activity of the photochemical reaction. Based on this result, we investigated the potential response under room air conditions. If the carbon‐fixation reaction was deactivated by a long dark period, a significant potential decrease was observed when illumination started. In contrast, if the carbon‐fixation reaction remained active during a short dark period, the potential decrease was slight or none regardless of the photosynthetic rate. Therefore, we considered that this potential decrease is related to the activation of the carbon‐fixation reaction. Next, we investigated the relationship between plant activity and the potential response when illumination stopped. The results showed that the amplitude of the response is related to the illumination intensity and the respiration rate. We conclude that plant activities such as photosynthesis can be evaluated in more detail by measurement of the bioelectric potential, as an application of this study. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(12): 85–92, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11518
Recognition of Human Combined Motion from Haptic Information Using Similarly Structured Master and Slave Robot Hands
Authors: Nozaki Takahiro , Mizoguchi Takahiro , Suzuki Yusuke , Yashiro Daisuke , Ohnishi Kouhei 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, a motion recognition method that uses haptic information of the human hand is proposed. The haptic information is measured by master and slave robot hands. The robot has five degrees of freedom, and bilateral control of the robot is implemented. The operator wears the master robot hand and manipulates an object through the slave robot hand. A motion database is prepared, containing haptic information in the form of reference vectors for eight kinds of human motion. The motion database utilizes the cosine similarity to distinguish different human motions on the basis of the haptic information acquired by the master robot. Expansion and contraction of the time axes are corrected by dynamic programming matching, and combination motion is then recognized. The validity of the proposed method is experimentally confirmed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(12): 15–23, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11566
Reductive Elimination of Anhydrides from Anionic Iodo Acetyl Carboxylato Rhodium Complexes
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Duc , Lassauque Nicolas , Vendier Laure , Mallet‐Ladeira Sonia , Le Berre Carole , Serp Philippe , Kalck Philippe 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe first part of this study is devoted to the search for improved and highly efficient synthetic procedures for the preparation of rhodium carbonyl precursors, and the second part to the production of acetyl derivatives. Microwave heating of a methanol solution of RhCl3·xH2O for 10 min under 5–10 bar CO produces the complex [H]+[RhCl2(CO)2]–, which is quantitatively converted into the dimeric complex [Rh2(μ‐Cl)2(CO)4] (1) by rapid solvent evaporation under a stream of CO. The treatment of1with NaI or AgOAc under a CO atmosphere gives [Rh2(μ‐I)2(CO)4] (2) and [Rh2(μ‐OAc)2(CO)4] (3), respectively. The complexcis‐[PPN][RhI2(CO)2] (4) is prepared in high yield by the reaction of RhI3withN,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) at 160 °C under CO followed by metathesis of the [NH2Me2]+cation with [bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium]chloride ([PPN]Cl). The analoguecis‐[PPN][Rh(OAc)2(CO)2] (5) is obtained by reaction of4with AgOAc. Complex4reacts with neat CH3I to afford quantitatively the dimeric rhodium(III) complex [PPN]2[Rh2(μ‐I)2I4(COMe)2(CO)2] (7). The cleavage of the iodo bridging ligands in7occurs readily with CO, pyridine or 1,2‐dimethylimidazole to give [PPN][RhI3(COMe)(CO)2] (8), [PPN][RhI3(COMe)(CO)(Py)] (9) and [PPN][RhI3(COMe)(CO)(1,2‐MeIm)] (10), respectively, whereas the reactions with the chelating 2‐acetylpyridine and methyl‐2‐picolinate ligands give the neutral [Rh(COMe)I2(CO)(κ2‐2‐acetylpyridine)] (11) and [Rh(COMe)I2(CO)(κ2‐methyl‐2‐picolinate)] (12) complexes, respectively. The X‐ray crystal structures of4,7(centrosymmetric isomer),8,11and12have been solved. The reductive elimination from7and8in the presence of various carboxylato sources to provide acid anhydrides is described.
What are the trans fatty acids issues in foods after discontinuation of industrially produced trans fats? Ruminant products, vegetable oils, and synthetic supplements
Authors: Aldai Noelia , de Renobales Mertxe , Barron Luis Javier R. , Kramer John K. G. 
Published: November 2013

Adverse health effect of trans fatty acids (TFAs) are well recognized, which has precipitated efforts to reduce their content in food products. With the decline of dietary TFAs derived from partial oil hydrogenation, interest is focused on the remaining sources of dietary TFAs derived from ruminants (rTFA), deodorized vegetable oils, trans isomerization during frying, and synthetic conjugated FA (CFA) supplements. Partial hydrogenation and heat‐treated oils result in a random distribution of TFA isomers, whereas rTFAs contain specific isomers resulting from enzymatic processes. Reviews of human observational and metabolic intervention studies have suggested that consumption of rTFAs at current levels should not raise health concerns. However, these studies were not based on rTFA levels currently sold in retail markets. Current feeding practices of ruminants result in higher total TFAs with trans‐18:1 isomers other than vaccenic acid, and many CFAs other than rumenic acid. The definition of TFA adopted by several countries does not distinguish among isolated TFAs of concern and ignores CFAs that should be included in total TFA due to their negative health effects. Accurate TFA definition establishment and nutritional assessment of individual TFA isomers is needed for labeling purposes. Also required are adoptions of analytical methods to resolve all TFA isomers. This information can then be used to construct a database and as a basis for meaningful recommendations.Practical applications: Areas that require further investigations have been identified: 1) Establish a uniform TFA nomenclature based on chemical structure. 2) Standardize, assess and normalize appropriate methodologies for the analysis of TFAs. 3) Synthesize pure reference standards for TFA identification. 4) Report total TFA levels with undesirable biological activities rather than total TFA content. 5) Assess the nutritional characteristics of individual TFAs independent of their origin. 6) Develop strategies to increase the content of desirable TFA isomers in ruminants. 7) Identify potential bioactive trans metabolites produced from PUFAs in ruminants. 8) Develop labeling regulations based on specific chemical structures and physiological effects regardless of their origin. 9) Construct an accurate database complemented with specific surveys of ruminant product fatty acid (FA) composition that can be accessed by regulatory agencies to make appropriate TFA recommendations.
A Novel Rearrangement Reaction of N‐Acyliminium Ions Leading to Heterobicycles Arylated at Bridgehead Atom
Authors: Germer Wiebke , Stalling Timo , Kramer Uwe , Saak Wolfgang , Martens Jürgen 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTStarting with thiazolines, an important class of heterocyclic imines, a novel rearrangement reaction of corresponding N‐acyliminium ions is described. Furthermore, a new class of heterobicyclic compounds arylated at a single bridgehead atom is obtained diastereospecifically.
Soret and Dufour Effects on Non‐Darcy Free Convection in a Power‐Law Fluid in the Presence of a Magnetic Field and Stratification
Authors: Srinivasacharya D. , RamReddy Ch. , Pranitha J. , Postelnicu Adrian 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this article, effects of Soret and Dufour on free convection heat and mass transfer along a vertical plate embedded in a doubly stratified power‐law fluid‐ saturated non‐Darcy porous medium in the presence of a magnetic field is considered. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations, with the location along the plate as a parameter and then solved numerically. A parametric study of the physical parameters involved in the problem is conducted and a representative set of numerical results is illustrated by insisting on the comparison between pseudo‐plastic, dilatant, and Newtonian fluids. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 43(7): 592–606, 2014; Published online 11 November 2013 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21098
Solution to An Isotopism Question Concerning Rank 2 Semifields
Authors: Lavrauw Michel , Marino Giuseppe , Polverino Olga , Trombetti Rocco 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn [8] Dempwolff gives a construction of three classes of rank two semifields of order , with q and n odd, using Dembowski–Ostrom polynomials. The question whether these semifields are new, i.e. not isotopic to previous constructions, is left as an open problem. In this paper we solve this problem for , in particular we prove that two of these classes, labeled and , are new for , whereas presemifields in family are isotopic to Generalized Twisted Fields for each .
The effect of CYP2C19 genotype on the time course of platelet aggregation inhibition after clopidogrel administration
Authors: Kim Ho‐Sook , Cho Doo‐Yeoun , Park Bo‐Min , Bae Soo‐Kyoung , Yoon Yune‐Jung , Oh Minkyung , Ghim Jong‐lyul , Kim Eun‐Young , Kim Dong‐Hyun , Shin Jae‐Gook 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe evaluated the effect of CYP2C19 genotype over time on the antiplatelet response of clopidogrel in healthy subjects. Seventy subjects enrolled for a pharmacodynamic study and 22 subjects for a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study took 300 mg clopidogrel on the first day and 75 mg once daily for six consecutive days. The subjects with CYP2C19 poor metabolizers (PM, N = 22) and intermediate metabolizers (IM, N = 37) had significantly delayed time to inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA) compared with CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers (EM, N = 33) (12 vs. 9 vs. 2 hours as median Tmax, P < .05) after a 300 mg of clopidogrel. During maintenance doses of clopidogrel, IPA values of only CYP2C19 PM subjects were gradually decreased from 30.0 ± 21.9% on day 2 to 23.7 ± 16.6% on day 8 (P > .05 for time effect; P < .05 for time and genotype interaction effect). CYP2C19 PM had decreased Cmax and AUC of thiol metabolite compared with CYP2C19 EM (0.42‐ and 0.37‐fold on day 1, P < .01; 0.39‐ and 0.34‐fold on day 7, P < .01, respectively). Delayed time to reach maximal IPA as well as decreased IPA may influence the increased risk of the acute cardiac events in CYP2C19 PM and IM.
Visible Light Mediated Fast Iterative RAFT Synthesis of Amino‐Based Reactive Copolymers in Water at 20 °C
Authors: Tong Jianyu , Shi Yi , Liu Guhuan , Huang Tao , Xu Na , Zhu Zhengguang , Cai Yuanli 
Published: November 2013

The attempts to mediate iterative RAFT polymerization of ionic monomers through visible light irradiation in water at 20 °C is reported, in which complete conversions are attained in several tens of minutes and the propagation suspends/restarts immediately for multiple times on cycling irradiation. This technique suits the one‐pot synthesis of NH2/imidazole‐based polymers with tuned structures from homo to random, block, random‐block, and block‐random‐block, thus is robust and promising to control the sequence of the ionized water‐soluble reactive copolymers.
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Triptycene‐Based Microporous Polymer with Pending Tetrazole Moieties for CO2‐Capture Application
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2013

Triptycene‐based micorporous polymer is functionalized with CO2‐philic tetrazole moieties via ZnCl2‐catalyzed post‐polymerization. Gas adsorption experiments indicate that it possesses high CO2 uptake capacity, reaching 134 cm3 g−1 (26.5 wt%) at 1.0 bar and 273 K, along with high selectivity towards CO2 over N2 and CH4. The porous polymeric networks present the promising potentials as efficient adsorbents in clean energy applications.
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Genistein alleviates the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in ApoE―/― mice fed a high‐fat diet
Authors: Jeon Sookyoung , Park Youn‐Jin , Kwon Young Hye 
Published: November 2013

ScopeGenistein (GEN) is a compound that has been shown to alleviate hepatic steatosis. Here, we investigated its protective effects against non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development in apolipoprotein E‐deficient (ApoE―/―) mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD).Methods and resultsWild‐type and ApoE―/― mice were fed an HFD with or without GEN (0.5 g/kg diet) for 24 weeks. Body weights were reduced and fecal cholesterol excretion was increased by GEN. GEN supplementation lowered serum and hepatic cholesterol and lipid peroxidation levels, and hepatic heme oxygenase 1 protein levels in ApoE―/― mice. Hepatic expressions of scavenger receptors involved in oxidized LDL uptake, CD36 and scavenger receptor A, were downregulated by GEN. GEN reduced serum alanine aminotransferase and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 levels, and hepatic nuclear factor‐κB‐mediated inflammatory gene expressions in ApoE―/― mice. These levels were higher in ApoE―/― mice fed an HFD than their corresponding wild‐type mice. GEN also alleviated hepatic steatosis by reducing mRNA levels of monoacylglycerol O‐acyltransferase 1, a target gene of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ.ConclusionGEN alleviated NASH as well as hypercholesterolemia and obesity in ApoE―/― mice fed an HFD. Restoration of altered cholesterol metabolism and oxidative stress may be involved in the protective effect of GEN against NASH development.
Comparison of anti‐inflammatory potential of four different dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in microglia; action via activation of PKA and Nrf‐2 signaling and inhibition of MAPK/STAT/NF‐κB pathways
Authors: Park Sun Young , Bae Yoe‐Sik , Ko Min Jung , Lee Sang‐Joon , Choi Young‐Whan 
Published: November 2013

ScopeThe aim of our study was to determine the signaling pathways associated with the antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective responses induced by dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in microglia.Methods and resultsWe employed ELISA, gelatin zymography, transient transfection, Western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end‐labeling (TUNEL) assays to characterize the effects of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans on microglia. We found that dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans suppress TLR 2/4 agonist‐induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, PGE2, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and MMP‐9 enzymatic activity through the suppression of MAPK, NF‐κB, and JAK‐STAT activation. We next demonstrated that dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans induced the expression of phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes and suppressed the iNOS and ROS activation induced by TLR 2/4 agonists. Interestingly, we also found that dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans induced PKA/CREB/Nrf‐2 activation in microglia and that activation of phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes via stimulation of the PKA/CREB/Nrf‐2 pathway attenuated TLR 2/4 agonist‐induced iNOS and ROS activation. Furthermore, dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans protected primary cortical neurons against microglia‐mediated neurotoxicity.ConclusionOur findings indicate that phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes and their upstream effectors, PKA/CREB/Nrf‐2, play a pivotal role in the antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in TLR 2/4 agonist‐stimulated microglia.
Dynamic hyperpolarized carbon‐13 MR metabolic imaging of nonhuman primate brain
Authors: Park Ilwoo , Larson Peder E. Z. , Tropp James L. , Carvajal Lucas , Reed Galen , Bok Robert , Robb Fraser , Bringas John , Kells Adrian , Pivirotto Philip , Bankiewicz Krystof , Vigneron Daniel B. , Nelson Sarah J. 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo investigate hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging methods in the primate brain that can be translated into future clinical trials for patients with brain cancer.Methods13C coils and pulse sequences designed for use in humans were tested in phantoms. Dynamic 13C data were obtained from a healthy cynomolgus monkey brain using the optimized 13C coils and pulse sequences. The metabolite kinetics were estimated from two‐dimensional localized 13C dynamic imaging data from the nonhuman primate brain.ResultsPyruvate and lactate signal were observed in both the brain and the surrounding tissues with the maximum signal‐to‐noise ratio of 218 and 29 for pyruvate and lactate, respectively. Apparent rate constants for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and the ratio of lactate to pyruvate showed a difference between brain and surrounding tissues.ConclusionThe feasibility of using hyperpolarized [1‐13C]‐pyruvate for assessing in vivo metabolism in a healthy nonhuman primate brain was demonstrated using a hyperpolarized 13C imaging experimental setup designed for studying patients with brain tumors. The kinetics of the metabolite conversion suggests that this approach may be useful in future studies of human neuropathology. Magn Reson Med 71:19–25, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Upscaling permeability for fractured concrete: meso–macro numerical approach coupled to strong discontinuities
Authors: Jourdain X. , Colliat J.‐B. , De Sa C. , Benboudjema F. , Gatuingt F. 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYA two‐scales numerical analysis is set up in order to upscale the permeability of fractured materials such as concrete. To that aim, we couple finite element (FE) kinematics enhancements (strong discontinuities) representing fine scale cracks to the fine scale permeability tensor. The latter may be split into two parts: the first one is isotropic and corresponds to flows within the porosity of the material; the second one, based upon a set of cracks with different orientations and openings, is anisotropic. For the latter, each crack is a path for mass flow according to the Poiseuille law considering two infinite planes. We show how the upscaling procedure leads both to the definition of macroscopic permeability tensors as well as the flow rate evaluation for components of concrete structures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linear quadratic regulator control of multi‐agent systems
Authors: Zhang D.M. , Meng L. , Wang X.G. , Ou L.L. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThis paper considers a collection of agents performing a shared task making use of relative information communicated over an information network. The designed suboptimal controllers are state feedback and static output feedback, which are guaranteed to provide a certain level of performance in terms of a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) cost. Because of the convexity of the LQR performance region, the suboptimal LQR control problem with state feedback is reduced to the solution of two inequalities, with the minimum and maximum eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix as the coefficients. The advantage of the method is that the LQR control problem of network multi‐agent systems can be converted into the LQR control of a set of single‐agent systems, and the structure constraint on the feedback gain matrix can be eliminated. It can be shown that the size of the LQR control problem will not increase according to the number of the node in the fairly general framework. The method can be extended to the synthesis of the static output feedback, which is derived from the weighting matrices in LQR. Through some coordinate transformation and the augmentation of the output matrix, the LQR synthesis is provided on the basis of the output measurements of the adjacent agents. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the proposed method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.