bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Biodegradable Polymer Biolimus‐Eluting Stents and Durable Polymer Everolimus‐Eluting Stents: Propensity Score‐Matched Analysis
Authors: LEE JI HYUN , LEE JUN‐WON , YOUN YOUNG JIN , AHN MIN SOO , AHN SUNG GYUN , KIM JANG YOUNG , YOO BYUNG‐SU , LEE SEUNG‐HWAN , CHOI EUNHEE , YOON JUNGHAN 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesWe investigated and compared the clinical outcomes between biodegradable polymer biolimus‐eluting stents (BES) and durable polymer everolimus‐eluting stents (EES) in a single‐center prospective registry.BackgroundThere is limited data regarding the safety and efficacy of the biodegradable BES compared to second‐generation drug‐eluting stents.MethodsFrom January 2010 to April 2012, a total of 1,279 patients were treated with BES (n = 647) or EES (n = 632) in a single center. We included 1,231 patients (BES = 625, EES = 606) after excluding 48 patients (BES = 22, EES = 26) with acute myocardial infarction accompanied by cardiogenic shock. The 1‐year incidences of target lesion failure (TLF), patient‐oriented composite outcomes (POCO), and stent thrombosis (ST) after the index procedure were compared in propensity score‐matched analyses.ResultsPropensity score matching yielded 406 well‐balanced pairs (EES = 406, BES‐B = 406). In the propensity‐matched population, the 1‐year incidence of TLF (BES = 3.0% vs. EES = 2.5%, P = 0.666) and POCO (BES = 5.4% vs. EES = 6.4%, P = 0.552) were similar between the 2 groups. In addition, the incidence of definite or probable ST was also similar (BES = 0.74% vs. EES = 0.74%, P = 1.000). In subgroup analysis, the number of patients who reached the primary end‐point did not differ significantly between the 2 groups.ConclusionIn a single‐center registry with unrestricted use of EES and BES‐B, these stents showed comparable efficacy and safety in terms of TLF, POCO, and ST at 1‐year follow‐up. (J Interven Cardiol 2014;27:399–407)
Formalization, Communication Quality, and Opportunistic Behavior in R&D Alliances between Competitors
Authors: Walter Sascha G. , Walter Achim , Müller Dirk 
Published: July 2014

For technology ventures (and also other firms), R&D alliances provide great learning opportunities and access to scarce resources. However, R&D alliances, in particular between competitors, also involve the concomitant threat of opportunistic behavior, which many firms attempt to manage by formalizing the partnership. Yet, prior research provided mixed findings suggesting that formalization alleviates opportunism, fails to do so, or, ironically, even promotes it. The questions of whether and, if so, when formalization can deter opportunism remains topical. This study differentiates two forms of opportunistic behavior, strategic manipulation and knowledge appropriation, and examines how they are affected by formalization per se and in combination with communication quality. Findings from 82 R&D alliances between competitors indicate that extensive formalization promotes opportunistic behavior. In contrast, communication quality mitigates the dysfunctional effect on strategic manipulation and also alleviates both forms of opportunism directly. Most effects vary with the type of opportunistic behavior.Our findings add to the literature by demonstrating a positive formalization–opportunism relationship in the context of R&D alliances and by suggesting that relational governance (communication quality) compensates for the dysfunctional effects of formal governance (formalization), rather than both having complementary relationships. The results also support the call for more research into nuances of opportunism: they show that differentiating forms of opportunism matters for understanding the efficacy of safeguards against opportunism. Managers are warned against over‐formalizing alliances, which spurs opportunism. Instead, they should cultivate an atmosphere of open communication while they can still maintain some “healthy distrust.” This attenuates the adverse effects of formalization, which is important since a certain level of formalization is often inevitable in R&D alliances.
Sexual Desire Discrepancy as a Feature, Not a Bug, of Long-Term Relationships: Women's Self-Reported Strategies for Modulating Sexual Desire
Authors: Herbenick Debby , Mullinax Margo , Mark Kristen 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Sexual desire discrepancy is commonly reported by couples in long-term romantic relationships. Given the idiosyncratic nature of desire, and the lack of a “one size fits all” model approach to address desire concerns, it is useful to understand more about the range of ways that women and their partners modulate sexual desire.

Aim
This study aims to assess women's strategies to influence their sexual desire and the self-reported effectiveness of these strategies.

Methods
One hundred seventy-nine women who had been in a relationship with a male partner for 5+ years completed an anonymous Internet-based survey.

Main Outcome Measures
Participants responded to three open-ended items about the strategies they use to address desire issues and how helpful those strategies are.

Results
The most common responses regarding what participants did to get desire back on track included: communication, trying to meet partner's needs, having sex without desire, and having patience/letting time work out the problem. Women also mentioned several specific strategies they had employed: communication, scheduling sex, lingerie, and a date night. However, a large number of women discussed that the issue was not resolved, and they were dissatisfied with attempted strategies.

Conclusions
This research provides valuable insight into the construction of women's sexual desire and the strategies used to navigate sexual desire in long-term relationships.
Cardiac Troponin I and T as Prognostic Markers in Cats with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Langhorn R. , Tarnow I. , Willesen J.L. , Kjelgaard‐Hansen M. , Skovgaard I.M. , Koch J. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundMyocardial injury detected by cardiac troponin I and T (cTnI and cTnT) in cardiac disease is associated with increased risk of death in humans and dogs.HypothesisPresence of myocardial injury predicts long‐term death in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and ongoing myocardial injury reflects change in left ventricular wall thickness over time.AnimalsThirty‐six cats with primary HCM.MethodsProspective cohort study. Cats with HCM were included consecutively and examined every 6 months. Echocardiography, ECG, blood pressure, and serum cTnI and cTnT were evaluated at each visit. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate prognostic potential of serum troponin concentrations at admission and subsequent examinations. Correlations were used to examine associations between troponin concentrations and cardiac hypertrophy.ResultsTroponin concentrations at admission were median [range] 0.14 [0.004–1.02] ng/mL for cTnI, and 13 [13–79.5] ng/L for cTnT. Both were prognostic for death (P = .032 and .026) as were the last available concentrations of each (P = .016 and .003). The final cTnT concentration was a significant predictor of death even when adjusting for the admission concentration (P = .043). In a model containing both markers, only cTnT remained significant (P = .043). Left ventricular free wall thickness at end‐diastole (LVFWd) at admission was correlated with cTnI at admission (r = 0.35, P = .035), however no significant correlations (r = 0.2–0.31, P = .074–.26) were found between changes in troponin concentrations and left ventricular thickness over time.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMyocardial injury is part of the pathophysiology leading to disease progression and death. Low sensitivities and specificities prevent outcome prediction in individual cats.
Discrepancies in Identification of Left Atrial Enlargement Using Left Atrial Volume versus Left Atrial‐to‐Aortic Root Ratio in Dogs
Authors: Wesselowski S. , Borgarelli M. , Bello N.M. , Abbott J. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundLeft atrial size is prognostically important in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD).Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo compare the level of agreement in identification of left atrial enlargement (LAE) between the left atrial‐to‐aortic root ratio (LA : Ao) and left atrial volume using the biplane area‐length method indexed to body weight (LA Vol/BW).AnimalsSixty dogs with MMVD and 22 normal dogs were prospectively studied with 2‐dimensional echocardiography.MethodsThe upper limit of normal for LA Vol/BW was defined as 1.1 mL/kg. LA : Ao was deemed normal if ≤1.5. To define overall disease severity, each dog was assigned a mitral regurgitation severity score (MRSS) based on echocardiographic parameters that did not include left atrial size. ACVIM staging also was utilized.ResultsOf 60 affected dogs, 20 were ACVIM Stage B1, 25 were Stage B2, and 15 were Stage C. LA Vol/BW identified LAE in 12 cases in which LA : Ao was normal; 7 of these were Stage B1 and 5 were Stage B2. This diagnostic disagreement was significant (P = .00012). Of the 12 cases in which diagnostic discrepancies were identified, 5/5 of the B2 dogs and 3/7 B1 dogs had a moderate MRSS, whereas 4/7 B1 dogs had a mild MRSS. No diagnostic discrepancies between LA : Ao and LA Vol/BW were apparent in dogs with a severe MRSS.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThis study shows evidence of diagnostic disagreement between LA : Ao and LA Vol/BW for assessment of LAE. LA Vol/BW may be superior to LA : Ao for identification of mild LAE.
Cryptococcal meningitis successfully treated with voriconazole and low‐dose amphotericin B
Authors: Koike Yuka , Ishihara Tomohiko , Ozawa Tetsutaro , Mezaki Naomi , Moro Hiroshi , Shimohata Takayoshi , Nishizawa Masatoyo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA 79‐year‐old patient with diabetes mellitus was diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis based on detection of Cryptococcus neoformans from cerebrospinal fluid culture. After administration of liposomal amphotericin B, the patient promptly developed acute renal failure as a side‐effect. We therefore switched treatment to voriconazole with low‐dose liposomal amphotericin B. Cerebrospinal fluid cultures and antigen titer for Cryptococcus became negative 266 days after initiating voriconazole. The present case suggests that voriconazole might be useful as induction therapy to reduce the risk of renal insufficiency and achieve successful outcomes.
Intraosseous adenoid cystic carcinoma of the mandible: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Elbeshir E.I. , Karrar M.A. , Elamin E.M. , ElHassan A.M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the clinical and histological feature of intraosseous adenoid cystic carcinoma (IACC) and the treatment modalities with review of the literature. The authors report a case of intraosseous cystic carcinoma of the anterior mandible in an otherwise healthy 47‐year‐old patient along with a brief review of the literature. The main complaint was swelling and numbness of the right side of the lower lip. Clinically and radiologically, IACC is indistinguishable from benign odontogenic tumours and cyst. Routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry of incisional biopsy revealed adenoid cystic carcinoma. The lesion was surgically excised with surgical margins, which subsequently reconstructed using an iliac crest bone graft and followed by denture construction. On clinical and radiographic review 3 years post‐operatively, the patient was well, free of symptoms with complete oral rehabilitation. The case demonstrates the features of IACC. Surgical excision with bone reconstruction and removable prosthetic replacement was effective in the treatment of this case. Regular follow‐up was recommended.
Detection of T‐Wave Beat‐By‐Beat Variations prior to Ventricular Arrhythmias Onset in ICD‐Stored Intracardiac Electrograms: The Endocardial T‐Wave Alternans Study (ETWAS)
Authors: MAURY PHILIPPE , LIN CHAO , PASQUIÉ JEAN‐LUC , RACZKA FRANK , BECK LIONEL , TAIEB JÉRÔME , MAILHES CORINNE , TOURNERET JEAN‐YVES , ROLLIN ANNE , DUPARC ALEXANDRE , MONDOLY PIERRE , WINUM PIERRE , ROLLAND PHILIPPE , CASTANIÉ FRANCIS , HALLIER BENOIT 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundThe aim of the Endocardial T‐Wave Alternans Study was to prospectively assess the presence of T‐wave alternans (TWA) or beat‐to‐beat repolarization changes on implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD)‐stored electrograms (EGMs) immediately preceding the onset of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) or fibrillation (VF).MethodsThirty‐seven VT/VF episodes were compared to 116 baseline reference EGMs from the same 57 patients. A Bayesian model was used to estimate the T‐wave waveform in each cardiac beat and a set of 10 parameters was selected to segment each detected T wave. Beat‐by‐beat differences in each T‐wave parameter were computed using the absolute value of the difference between each beat and the following one. Fisher criterion was used for determining the most discriminant T‐wave parameters, then top‐M ranked parameters yielding a normalized cumulative Fisher score > 95% were selected, and analysis was applied on these selected parameters. Simulated TWA EGMs were used to validate the algorithm.ResultsIn the simulation study, TWA was detectable even in the case of the smallest simulated alternans of 25 μV. In 13 of the 37 episodes (35%) occurring in nine of 16 patients, significant larger beat‐to‐beat variations before arrhythmia onset were detected compared to their respective references (median one positive episode per patient). Parameters including the T‐wave apex amplitude seem the more discriminant parameters.ConclusionsDetection of beat‐by‐beat repolarization variations in ICD‐stored EGMs is feasible in a significant subset of cases and may be used for predicting the onset of ventricular arrhythmias.
Intraspecific variation in wing colour is related to larval energy reserves in monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus)
Authors: Davis Andrew K. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe physiological basis for pigment synthesis in lepidopteran wing scales is well‐studied, although less is known about the reasons why individuals of the same species vary in pigmentation. Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus L.) show subtle variations in the shade of orange on their wings and this is known to predict flight ability and mating success. The present study tests the possibility that the shade of orange is associated with the amount of residual energy reserves carried over from the larval stage. Using monarchs reared in captivity under identical conditions (n = 207), the residuals of a regression of wing size and mass at eclosion, which indicate larval energy reserves, are obtained. This measure is positively related to adult longevity without feeding, indicating the importance of this reserve to the monarchs, as well as the value of the measure for this investigation. The shade of orange (i.e. hue) is determined on scanned wings using image analysis. Importantly, orange hue is predicted significantly by residual mass at eclosion (individuals with more mass are redder). The linkage between these traits may explain previous findings whereby redder monarchs fly further and mate more because both behaviours would be enhanced with greater energy stores. The findings of the present study add to a growing body of work showing how intraspecific variation in pigmentation has biological significance to monarchs, and possibly other butterflies. Although much remains to be investigated regarding the physiological underpinnings of this variation, the results of the present study indicate that future efforts should be rewarding.
Significant variation in sensitivity to a DMI fungicide in field populations of Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Talas F. , McDonald B. A. 
Published: July 2014

Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum (Fg) is a destructive disease on cereals around the world. Intensive application of fungicides on cereals has selected for resistance in many cereal pathogens. Two hundred and twenty‐four isolates of Fg from 13 different German field populations, 22 isolates from the UK and six reference isolates from Italy and the USA were tested for sensitivity to propiconazole. Propiconazole sensitivity showed a high heritability (H2 = 0·97), with mean EC50 values ranging from 5·4 to 62·2 mg L−1. Nearly 80% of the variance for propiconazole sensitivity was distributed within field populations, suggesting significant potential for selection of resistant isolates at the field scale. Sequence analysis revealed that the CYP51A and CYP51C genes carried several non‐synonymous substitutions but the CYP51B protein was not polymorphic. The non‐synonymous substitutions were distributed randomly among populations and were not correlated with fungicide sensitivity. Although not conclusive, the findings suggest that genes outside of the CYP51 family may make the most important contribution to DMI resistance in F. graminearum.
Avian Response to Mechanical Aspen Restoration in Sierra Nevada Coniferous Forest
Authors: Campos Brent R. , Burnett Ryan D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractUsing mechanical treatments to mimic natural disturbances is becoming a standard management and restoration approach. In the Sierra Nevada, as throughout much of western North America, much of aspen habitat is in poor health. Because of the high ecological value of healthy aspen, and its limited extent on the landscape, restoration to reverse the decline and improve stand health has become a management priority in the region. To evaluate the ecological effects of mechanically removing competing conifers to restore aspen in the Sierra Nevada, we compared vegetation characteristics and bird abundance in treated and untreated aspen stands on the Lassen National Forest before and up to 13 years after mechanical conifer removal. Treatments reduced total canopy cover and increased herbaceous cover and the number of aspen stems, while shrub and overstory aspen covers were unchanged. Of 10 aspen focal bird species, 7 increased in abundance following treatment relative to controls, including all species associated with early seral aspen habitat and cavity nesting species; none declined. In contrast, of the six conifer focal species, the four associated with denser conifer habitat declined as a result of the treatments. The two species associated with conifer edges and understory cover increased. Our results demonstrate mechanical conifer removal treatments can provide ecologically meaningful changes in habitat for the avian community and are an effective tool for restoring ecological values of degraded aspen habitat for birds in the Sierra Nevada.
A Theoretical Analysis of the Influence of Money Injections on Risk Taking in Football Clubs
Authors: Franck Egon , Lang Markus 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper analyzes the adverse incentive effects produced by money injections of benefactors [sugar daddies (SD)]. We show that the existence of a SD induces the club to choose a riskier investment strategy and the more the SD commits to bailout the club, the more the clubs’ optimal level of riskiness increases. Moreover, a private SD bails out the club less often than a public SD. Our model further shows that a ‘too‐big‐to‐fail’ phenomenon exists because it is optimal to always bailout a club if its market size is sufficiently large.
Travel behavior and deferral ofDutch blood donors: consequences for donor availability
Authors: Lieshout‐Krikke Ryanne W. , Oei Welling , Habets Karin , Pasker‐de Jong Pieternel C.M. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundDonors returning from areas with outbreaks of infectious diseases may donate infectious blood back home. Geographic donor deferral is an effective measure to ensure the blood safety, but donor deferral may pose a threat for the blood supply especially after holiday seasons. Insight into the travel behavior of blood donors is a first step to define appropriate deferral strategies. This study describes the travel behavior ofDutch donors, the actual deferral, and the consequences of deferral strategies on donor availability.Study Design and MethodsA questionnaire designed to assess travel behavior (destination, frequency, and duration of travels) was sent to 2000Dutch donors. The impact of travel deferral policies on donor availability was calculated, expressed as proportionate decrease in donor availability. The deferral policies considered were 1) deferral based on entire countries instead of affected regions where an infection is prevalent and 2) deferral after any travel outsideEurope (“universal deferral”).ResultsOf the 1340 respondents, 790 (58.9%) donors traveled withinEurope only, 61 (4.6%) outsideEurope only, and 250 (18.7%) within and outsideEurope. The deferral for entire countries and universal deferral would lead to 11.1 and 11.4% decrease in donor availability, respectively.ConclusionMostDutch donors traveled outside theNetherlands, while 23.2% traveled outsideEurope. Universal deferral resulted in an additional decrease in donor availability of 0.3% compared with deferral for entire countries instead of affected regions where an infection is prevalent. Thus, the universal deferral could be considered as a simpler and safer measure.
The genomic and seroprevalence of human bocavirus in healthy Chinese plasma donors and plasma derivatives
Authors: Li Hongxue , He Miao , Zeng Peibin , Gao Zhan , Bian Guohui , Yang Chunhui , Li Wuping 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundHuman bocavirus (HBoV) is a novel parvovirus identified in 2005. It has mostly been detected in respiratory and enteric infections and has not been studied large scale in blood products in relation to transfusion.Study Design and MethodsAn in‐house quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q‐PCR) was developed to test HBoV DNA in plasma and plasma derivatives. Plasma samples (n = 6096) collected from healthy donors, 241 plasma pools, and 326 plasma derivatives were screened for HBoV DNA by Q‐PCR. Positive samples were confirmed by nested PCR and further amplified for sequence analysis and phylogenetic studies. The prevalence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM specific to HBoV structural proteins was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in 209 samples grouped according to virus load (Group 1, HBoV DNA >104 copies/mL; Group 2, HBoV DNA >5 × 102 copies/mL but below 104 copies/mL; Group 3,HBoV DNA negative).ResultsThe genomic prevalence of HBoV in the plasma donors was 9.06%, ranging from 5.01 × 102 to 3.02 × 106 copies/mL. HBoV‐specific IgG and IgM were detected at 20.00 and 7.50% in Group 1, at 20.29 and 2.90% in Group 2, and at 13.00 and 4.0% in Group 3, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses proved that HBoV Genotype 1 was the prevalent genotype in Chinese plasma donors.ConclusionLow levels of HBoV DNA were detectable at high prevalence in Chinese plasma donors and plasma derivatives. Further study is needed to determine whether HBoV screening is necessary.