bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grain diversity of rice collection from South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Hidayatun N , Saputri D H , Galurina R S , Matsohan  
Published: August 2024

Abstract
South Sulawesi province is among the Indonesia rice barns, which is expected to buffer the national rice supply. Although rice stock is mainly produced from high-yielding superior varieties, local germplasm is still the main basis for variety development. Local germplasm has been adapted to various agro-ecosystems and thus has potential as a genetic source for adaptation to climate change. This study was aimed at measuring the diversity of rice germplasm from South Sulawesi based on its grain characteristics. A total of 98 rice accessions that were conserved in the agricultural genebank were examined. Grain length, shape, color, and other grain-related characters were observed following the international standard descriptors for rice. NTSYS-PC software version 2.2 was used to perform clustering analysis. Rice collections from South Sulawesi showed diversity in their grain characteristics. The majority of seeds are awnless, have medium length, medium shape, and straw-colored lemmae-palea and attributed with medium-sized and straw-colored sterile lemmae, and the dehulled grain bran is predominantly white. The rice accessions can be grouped into eight clusters at a similarity level of 52%. This diversity and similarity information is important for germplasm management and utilization. However, due to the limited number of characters used, information from this study cannot yet be used as a basis for their management. More comprehensive characterization efforts need to be conducted in order to make this study more usable, both in supporting conservation and for their utilization
Formulation of soil ameliorant material based on humic and silica to reduce Fe concentration in acid sulfate soils and improve rice growth
Authors: Maftu’ah E , Saleh M , Napisah K , Agustina R , Sulaeman Y , Ningsih R D , Masganti  , Mukhlis  , Anwar K , Hayati A , Lestari Y 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Applying soil ameliorants can suppress the Iron (Fe) toxicity of paddy cultivation in acid-sulfate soils. Humic materials can interact with Fe and Al metal ions to form chelates so that their solubility decreases. Silica plays a role in reducing the uptake of Fe and Al, reducing the Fe content on the surface of rice roots by increasing the oxidizing strength of rice roots. The research aim was to study the effect of ameliorant material formulation based on humate and silica on decreasing the Fe content in acid sulfate soils and increasing the growth of rice plants. The research was conducted in the Greenhouse, Swampland Agricultural Research Institute, Banjarbaru, from March to October 2022. The experimental design was randomized complete block factorial with the following treatments: Factor 1. Formula of soil ameliorant (F0 = 100% agricultural lime, F1 = 30% humate manufacturer+30% rice husk ash+40% agricultural lime, F2=30% water hyacinth humate+30% rice husk ash+40% agricultural lime, F3=30% water hyacinth humate+30% rice husk biochar + 40% agricultural lime, F4 = 30% humate manufacturer+30% rice husk biochar+40% agricultural lime), Factor 2. Dosage of soil ameliorant (D1 = 1 t/ha, D2 = 2 t/ha, D3 = 4 t/ha). Parameters observed were soil Fe content, available P and soil pH, plant height, and number of rice tillers every two weeks. The results showed that the formula F3, namely 30% water hyacinth humic acid + 30% rice husk biochar + 40% agricultural lime, was capable of decreasing soil Fe levels from 540ppm (F0) to 422 ppm and increasing soil pH from 4.23 (F0) to 4.48 and availability of P from 27 ppm (F0) to 55.20 ppm in acid sulfate soils. In addition, the formula can also increase the growth of rice plants. Improvements in soil chemical properties and plant growth are expected to increase the productivity of Inpara 8 rice plants in acid-sulfate soils.
Effect of lime on soil chemical properties and corn growth in Ultisols Lebak, Banten
Authors: Purnomo J , Yusron M , Jubaedah  , Nurjaya  , Kariada I K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The research aimed to study the effect of lime on soil chemical changes and corn growth in Ultisol Lebak, Banten. The soil used is acidic mineral soil with a pH of 4.8 and a high exchangeable (exch) Al content of 6.3 cmolc kg−1. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 6 treatments of lime doses with 5 replications. The dose of lime applied is based on exch Al namely 0, 0.5; 1.0; 1.5, and 2.0 equivalent to 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 t ha−1, respectively, and 1.0 exch Al of fosfatan. The results showed that lime application improved soil chemical properties as reflected by increasing soil pH, exch Ca, Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (BS), and decreasing Al content and saturation. In addition, lime application increases the delta of soil pH. Soil acidity (pH) increased from 4.8 to 6.3; exch Ca levels increased from 1.61 to 12.77 cmolc kg−1, exch Mg levels increased from 0.78 to 0.88 cmolc kg−1.
Analyze QRF model for soil organic carbon map building with digital soil mapping (case study: Sumatra island and Java island)
Authors: Hasanawi A , Purwanto S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the current era of global warming, soil organic content is one of the most important soil properties. The goal of the entire globe is for carbon neutrality to be achieved and regularly assessed. It is hoped that a dynamic, quick and effective soil organic carbon mapping method will be able to distribute the presence of soil organic carbon to support calculations for changes in carbon stocks and carbon sequestration so that carbon neutrality can be achieved. Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) recently has become the ultimate framework for accurately representing spatial distribution based on its quantitative result and uncertainty analysis. These advantages allow DSM to be replicated uniquely in each mapped area. Digital soil mapping requires input in the form of laboratory and field observation results that are spatially modeled using machine learning techniques. Field observations and laboratory data for Sumatra and Java Island from the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Standard Testing (1970-2022) were used in this study, and the results were modeled using Quantile Regression Forests (QRF) in the R Software. Evaluation results from this model with 5738 observation points covering a 47.3 million-hectare-sized island of Sumatra and 3398 observation points covering a 12.8 million-hectare-sized island of Java show an RMSE value of 0.78 with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.31 for Sumatra Island and RMSE value of 0.68 with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.71 for Java Island. These findings indicate that the neighborhoods for the organic carbon content on the islands of Sumatra and Java differ quite noticeably. This may be due to the relatively wide range in some soils in the Sumatra region, which are peat soils with relatively high carbon content values compared to regions in Java where mineral soils predominate. In conclusion, the evaluation results for digital mapping with the QRF model for soil organic carbon content in Indonesia referring to these 2 large islands show good results with sufficient coefficients of determination in mineral soil areas and there is a need a different modeling approach in areas where peat soil predominates.
Evaluation of surface texturing on chrome-coated cylinder liners via deterministic mixed lubrication simulation
Authors: Silva Samuel A N , Profito Francisco J , Costa Henara L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the mixed lubrication performance of various surface texture configurations in the piston ring/cylinder liner conjunction of a two-stroke internal combustion engine using a deterministic mixed lubrication model. The numerical model simultaneously solves the Reynolds equation with mass-conserving cavitation to calculate inter-asperity hydrodynamic pressures and an elastic, perfectly plastic, rough contact model to determine contact pressures at each asperity interaction. Gaussian Mixture Model clustering was employed to enhance surface characterization. The deterministic simulation approach considers the full-scale representation of the cylinder liner topography to accurately capture the influence of surface features on the hydrodynamic support and friction under mixed lubrication conditions. The investigated cylinder liners were initially hard-chrome-coated and honed, resulting in a stochastic arrangement of surface pores, and then deterministic patterns of surface pockets were created by micro electrodischarge machining (EDM). Surface measurements were performed using laser interferometry, providing input for the mixed lubrication simulations. The study also explored the virtual removal of ridges formed around the pockets by the EDM technique. Key findings indicate that the stochastic texture outperformed the hybrid texture (stochastic + deterministic) in the boundary and mixed lubrication regimes, showing higher hydrodynamic support at low separations but increased hydrodynamic shear stresses at higher speeds. Conversely, deterministic textures exhibited a significant decrease in average hydrodynamic shear stress at high velocities. These results highlight the critical role of surface texture in tribological behavior and suggest that localized textures on cylinder liners can potentially optimize engine performance. The study recommends further exploration of a broader range of texture geometries, densities, and distribution patterns to enhance engine design strategies.
Orbital magnetization in two-dimensional materials from high-throughput computational screening
Authors: Ovesen Martin , Olsen Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We calculate the orbital magnetization of 822 two-dimensional magnetic materials from the Computational 2D Materials Database (C2DB). For compounds containing 5d elements we find orbital moments of the order of 0.3–0.5

μ

B

, which points to the necessity of including these in any type of magnetic modeling and comparison with experiments. It is also shown that the alignment of orbital moments with respect to the spin largely follows the predictions from Hund’s rule and that deviations may be explained by the d-band splitting originating from the crystal field—for example in the important case of CrI3. Finally, we show that for certain insulators, Hubbard corrections may lead to large and fully unquenched orbital moments that are pinned to the lattice rather than the spin and that these moments can lead to enormous magnetic anisotropies. Such unquenched ground states are only found from density functional theory calculations that include both Hubbard corrections and self-consistent spin–orbit coupling and largely invalidates the use of the magnetic force theorem for calculating magnetic anisotropies.
Preparation and properties of Hydroxyapatite-Ti composite thin films by co-sputtering method for biocompatibility applications
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung , Nguyen Viet Ba , Phuong Pham Thi Mai , Pham Sy Hieu , Tran Van Dang , Pham Anh Tuan , Pham Van Huan , Nguyen Thi Thu Hien , Nguyen Thi Lan , Pham Vuong-Hung , Nguyen Duy Cuong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we report on enhancing the biocompatibility properties of Hydroxyapatite-Titanium (HA-Ti) thin films fabricated using the co-sputtering method. By adjusting the HA/Ti ratio through varying the sputtering power of Ti, we obtained HA-Ti thin films with different crystal structures, morphologies, and hydrophilic properties. HA-Ti thin films sputtered at different titanium powers of 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 W will obtain thin films with larger grain sizes and poorer crystallinity, respectively. However, their hydrophilic properties increase as the contact angle decreases from 78° to 20° degrees. In vitro BHK cell tests indicated that the HA-Ti thin film had excellent biocompatibility. Therefore, this material is suitable for biological applications and has significant potential in medical implant technology.
Effect of different joining temperatures on IN600/SiC brazed joints
Authors: Wei Ping 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
IN600 superalloy and SiC ceramics has been conducted using an active AgCuTi filler, and the composite joints were characterized using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDS). The results demonstrate successful joining by carefully selecting brazing temperatures and holding times to produce high-integrity joints. The interfacial microanalysis revealed the formation of TiC and Ti5Si3 near the SiC side due to the reaction between titanium, carbon, and silicon. On the IN600 superalloy side, a Ti-Ni compound (TiNi3) was formed as a result of titanium reacting with nickel. The typical microstructure of the brazing joint interface includes: TiC+TiNi3, TiC, Cu(s,s)+Ag(s,s) and TiC+Ti5Si3. Furthermore, the shear strength evaluation of the joints was also conducted at ambient temperatures using a shear test. The experimental findings showed that the sample exhibited the highest shear strength (38 MPa) when subjected to brazing at 910 °C for 10 min. Fracture occurred at the interface between the base material and AgCuTi filler at higher brazing temperature (930 °C).
Driving factors and trend prediction for annual runoff in the upper and middle reaches of the yellow river from 1990 to 2020
Authors: Liu Jie , Tian Jia , Wu Jingjing , Feng Xuejuan , Li Zishuo , Wang Yingxuan , Ya Qian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Yellow River Basin (YRB) plays a pivotal role in the water resources management of its region, significantly influenced by the interplay between climate change and human activities, particularly in its upper and middle reaches (UMRYR). This study aims to elucidate the evolving patterns and determinants of runoff within the UMRYR, a matter of considerable importance for the basin’s water resource management, strategy, and distribution. Utilizing the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, this research accessed comprehensive datasets including precipitation, drought index, and terrace area, among others, to examine their effects on runoff variations at five gauge stations across the YRB. Terrace data was extracted from Landsat imagery via the Random Forest Model, while annual runoff figures from 1990 to 2020 were sourced from the Sediment Bulletin of China River. Employing the Mann-Kendall test, we assessed the temporal changes in runoff over three decades. In addition, runoff drivers were analyzed by stepwise regression and redundancy analysis, leading to the construction of a multiple linear regression model. The accuracy of predicting annual runoff using the multiple linear model was verified through cross-validation and comparison with the ARIMA time series model. Our findings reveal the efficacy of the random forest algorithm in classifying terraces, achieving an accuracy rate exceeding 0.8. The period from 1990 to 2020 saw a general increase in annual runoff across the five gauging stations in the UMRYR, albeit with variations in the pattern, particularly at the Tangnaihai gauge station which presented the most complex changes. Crucially, three main drivers—summer precipitation (SP), terrace area (TR), and drought index (DI)—were identified as significant predictors in the regression models. The multiple linear regression model outperformed the ARIMA model in forecasting accuracy, underlining the significance of integrating these drivers into runoff prediction models for the UMRYR.
Mechanical and tribological performance of ramie composite reinforced with perforated Al/Cu foils
Authors: G Rajamurugan , S Rithvik Athithya , Krishnasamy Prabu , Nadeem A , Kavinkumar L , R Elayaraja 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The use of composite materials has expanded rapidly in recent years due to their improved performance and environmental friendliness, particularly in the fields of energy generation, automotive, and aerospace. The vehicle bonnet engine shield and automobile interiors were the focus of this study’s investigation of the microstructural properties of ramie epoxy composite reinforced with aluminium and copper foil. Three different composite combinations (RAC1-RAC3) were created utilizing the hand layup method, each with a unique circular geometrical design constructed of copper and aluminium foil with a thickness of 0.03 mm. Tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, erosion, and wear rates were among the mechanical and tribological properties that were ascertained using ASTM test specimens. The findings show that in terms of hardness value (24 HV), tensile strength (58 MPa), impact strength (1.4 J), and flexural strength (93 MPa), the composite RAC3 (60 mm pitch staggered hole) performs mechanically better than other composites. According to erosion studies, erosion is also significantly less when it affects the surface that faces aluminium rather than copper. The highest frictional coefficient at maximum load was attained by the RAC3 composite sample.
Nonlinear dynamic study of FG-GFRC-NPR structures
Authors: Parhi Jagannath Debasis , Roy Tarapada , Kumar Anup , Patnaik Salur Srikant 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The functionally graded glass fibre-reinforced polymer composite(FG-GFRC) is one of the contemporary sophisticated materials that may be employed for a variety of technical purposes. The shock absorption capacity of FG-GFRP laminates can be improved by incorporating auxetic property (i.e., negative Poisson's ratio NPR) in the structures, which can be attained by a particular stacking sequence of glass fibres (GF) and a different percentage of GF distribution along the thickness direction within the FG-GFRP structure. The nonlinear dynamic behaviour of such structures must be investigated. The clamped-clamped FG-GFRP-NPR structure is stimulated under a uniform transverse load distribution in the current work. Based on the higher-order shear deformation theory (SDT), the displacement field and nonlinear stress–strain relationship are derived. The nonlinear differential equation with cubic non-linear components were derived using Hamilton’s principle and transformed using Galerkin’s technique and obtained governing equation of motion. MATLAB has been used to conduct all numerical simulations. A time series, a phase picture and a Poincare diagram (PCM) were generated to characterize the vibration behavior of such auxetic structures.
Exposure of rural Alaskan infrastructure to coastal erosion and permafrost subsidence
Authors: Brown Meredith J , Passalacqua Paola , Faust Kasey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Accelerating permafrost thaw and coastal erosion in rural Alaska destabilize the built environment, increasing the risk of sociotechnical failures that negatively impact nearby communities. Infrastructure adaptation is necessary to mitigate these threats, yet epistemic uncertainty remains about where the most exposed infrastructure is located and the corresponding community impact of failure. As a result, existing adaptation activity may not be prioritized according to relative need, potentially reducing the efficiency and effectiveness of adaptation activity. To address this gap, this study seeks to identify the likely failures, cascading impacts, as well as which communities are likely to experience them. To do so, this study employs machine learning techniques and permafrost terrain maps to identify vulnerable coastlines. Using density-based cluster mapping, statistical summarization, and semi-cognitive mapping, we explore the locations and functions of infrastructure, and infrastructure interdependencies occurring on Alaskan coastlines. Results suggest the following to improve vulnerable infrastructure outcomes: (1) allocate public funding to support adaptation of exposed infrastructure, (2) increase financial and physical resources for resilience research and development for exposed infrastructure, and (3) expand access to adaptation activity through increased local input in decision-making. For instance, as results show that water and sewer infrastructure in the Bethel census area is highly exposed, results could support additional funding to organizations that repair and relocate such infrastructure. Through these changes, regional adaptation activity can become more prioritized—ensuring that funds address the most pressing needs.
Race and the Theologico-Political Problem of Affect
Authors: Nahme Paul E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the way race and religion are configured as a theologico-political problem for liberalism. Presenting a critical gloss on the public/private distinction in liberalism, the chapter suggests that elements of the Exodus narrative have been universalized in such a way that they have ghosted the core eschatological dimension of Jewish messianic thought, resulting in a kind of internalized Jewish racial affect that assimilates into nationalism and the pursuit of statehood, a kind of “cruel optimism.”
Creating “a Movie about the Movies”
Authors: Buchman Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The chapter “Creating ‘a Movie about the Movies’” examines the structure of the MGM studio, then traces the genesis of producer Arthur Freed’s early explorations of possible plots and settings. The first drafts of a screenplay by writing team Comden and Green receive the most attention. The salaries paid to cast members reveal a significant gender pay gap, except for Comden. Analyses of structure and themes in the first draft include satires of the studio’s star system, tensions between commercial appeal and artistic ambitions, and examples of how the directors sometimes cut dialogue but retained ideas via choreography or sung refrains. Comden and Green’s documented influences and inspirations, the gender inequalities enacted by the character Lina Lamont, and Donen’s background also receive attention.
Chemerin affects the cytokine production and the expression of their receptors in the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy and the estrous cycle: an in vitro study
Authors: Kiezun Marta , Dobrzyn Kamil , Kaminski Tadeusz , Smolinska Nina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Interactions between female metabolic status, immune response, and reproductive system functioning are complex and not fully understood. We hypothesized that chemerin, considered a hormonal link between the above-mentioned processes, influences endometrial functions, particularly cytokine secretion and signaling. Using porcine endometrial explants collected during early pregnancy and the estrous cycle, we investigated chemerin effects on the secretion of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), leukemia inhibitory factor, tumor necrosis factor α, transforming growth factor α, and protein abundances of their respective receptors. Our results demonstrate chemerin modulation of cytokine secretion and receptor expression, with effects dependent on the stage of pregnancy and dose of chemerin. Furthermore, chemerin influences the phosphorylation of stress-activated protein kinase/Jun-amino-terminal kinase and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells in the endometrium. Chemerin multifaceted actions, such as involvement in immune response, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling, seem to be mediated by cytokines, at least in the endometrium. These findings underscore the potential crosstalk between chemerin and hormonal signaling pathways, providing insights into the complex mechanisms underlying early pregnancy establishment and maintenance.