bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid binding protein 7 and n‐3 poly unsaturated fatty acid supply in early rat brain development
Authors: Maximin Elise , Langelier Bénédicte , Aïoun Josiane , Al‐Gubory Kaïs H. , Bordat Christian , Lavialle Monique , Heberden Christine 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTFatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7), abundant in the embryonic brain, binds with the highest affinity to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and is expressed in the early stages of embryogenesis. Here, we have examined the consequences of the exposure to different DHA levels and of the in utero depletion of FABP7 on early rat brain development. Neurodevelopment was evaluated through the contents of two proteins, connexin 43 (Cx43) and cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), both involved in neuroblast proliferation, differentiation, and migration. The dams were fed with diets presenting different DHA contents, from deficiency to supplementation. DHA brain embryos contents already differed at embryonic day 11.5 and the differences kept increasing with time. Cx43 and CDK5 contents were positively associated with the brain DHA levels. When FABP7 was depleted in vivo by injections of siRNA in the telencephalon, the enhancement of the contents of both proteins was lost in supplemented animals, but FABP7 depletion did not modify phospholipid compositions regardless of the diets. Thus, FABP7 is a necessary mediator of the effect of DHA on these proteins synthesis, but its role in DHA uptake is not critical, although FABP7 is localized in phospholipid‐rich areas. Our study shows that high contents of DHA associated with FABP7 are necessary to promote early brain development, which prompted us to recommend DHA supplementation early in pregnancy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 287–297, 2016
Structural and Magnetic Analysis of Retrosynthetically Designed Architectures Built from a Triply Bridged Heterometallic (CuL)2Co Node and Benzenedicarboxylates
Authors: Ghosh Soumavo , Aromí Guillem , Gamez Patrick , Ghosh Ashutosh 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe flexible trinuclear metallatecton {(CuL)2Co}2+ [H2L = N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐1,3‐propanediamine] has been used as a building block, and its coordinative interaction with ortho‐, meta‐, and para‐benzenedicarboxylates (BDCs) has been investigated to evaluate the positional isomeric effect of these carboxylate ligands on the resulting compounds. Structural characterization reveals that o‐H2BDC produces a discrete trinuclear complex, namely [(CuL)2Co(o‐HBDC)2]·H2O (1). As expected from the retrosynthetic design, one‐dimensional (1D) coordination polymers, i.e., [{(CuL)2Co(m‐BDC)}·CH3OH]∞ (2) and [{(CuL)2Co(p‐BDC)}·2CH3OH]∞ (3), are obtained with m‐BDC and p‐BDC linkers, respectively. In all three complexes, the triply bridged bimetallic trinuclear coordination clusters are linear and solely a syn‐syn bridging mode is observed for the carboxylates. In 2, the nodes are connected sidewise and are inclined toward each other to be accommodated by the 120°‐angular m‐BDC units, whereas in 3, the linear p‐BDC linkers connect the parallel nodes diagonally. These differences in connectivity give rise to one‐dimensional “great wall”‐like chains for 2 and to quasi‐linear coordination chains for 3. These distinct one‐dimensional propagations induced by the different BDC isomers influence the three‐dimensional columnar packing of 2 and 3. Magnetic susceptibility measurements and fitting of the results confirm that these three compounds are made by analogous magnetic building blocks, with very similar antiferromagnetic intramolecular magnetic exchange (with J in the –16.96 to –11.80 cm–1 range, using the –2JS1S2 convention). The structural homogeneity of the magnetic fragment within this family of compounds has allowed magnetostructural correlations to be explored, which has not previously been attempted.
Synthesis of Thorium(IV) and Uranium(IV) Salicylaldiminate Pseudo‐Halide Complexes
Authors: Dame Ashley N. , Bharara Mohan S. , Barnes Charles L. , Walensky Justin R. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTo explore the coordination chemistry of salicylaldiminate ligands as a non‐cyclopentadienyl ligand framework, we report the synthesis of their ThIV and UIV complexes. Deprotonation of (NC5H4)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)OH (1), (NC9H6)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)OH (2), and (CH3SC6H4)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)OH (3) with sodium hydride and the subsequent addition of 0.5 equivalents of [UI4(1,4‐dioxane)2] yielded [{(NC5H4)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2UI2] (4), [{(NC9H6)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2UI2] (5), and [{(CH3SC6H4)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,S)}2UI2] (6), respectively. The reaction of 3 equivalents of the sodium salt of 1 afforded [{(NC5H4)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}3U]I3 (7). By using [ThCl4(dme)2], [{(NC5H4)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2ThCl2] (8) and [{(NC9H6)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2ThCl2] (9) were isolated. The metathesis of both chloride ligands in 9 with NaN3 led to a rare thorium azide product, [{(NC9H6)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2Th(N3)2] (10). The reaction of 5 with AgOTf (OTf = O3SCF3) afforded [{(NC9H6)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2U(OTf)2] (11), and the subsequent reaction of 11 with 2 equivalents of NaN3 provided [{(NC9H6)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2U(N3)2] (12). The reaction of 5 with 2 equivalents of AgNO3 produced [{(NC9H6)N=C(H)(3,5‐tBu2C6H2)O‐κ3(O,N,N′)}2U{NO3‐κ2(O,O)}2] (13). Each complex was characterized by 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy and, with the exception of 11, their structures were determined by X‐ray crystallographic analysis.
The Syntheses and Crystal Structures of the First Disiloxane‐1,3‐dithiol and Its Cadmium Complex
Authors: Ciborska Anna , Conterosito Eleonora , Milanesio Marco , Kazimierczuk Katarzyna , Rzymowska Katarzyna , Brzozowski Krzysztof , Dołęga Anna 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe silicon–sulfur compound bis‐1,3‐[di(2,6‐diisopropylphenoxy)]disiloxane‐1,3‐dithiol was obtained from silicon disulfide and 2,6‐diisopropylphenol in a reaction catalyzed by imidazole or 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). The disiloxane‐1,3‐dithiol is produced in a low yield but in a repeatable manner and can be isolated as colorless crystals. The X‐ray crystal structure of the compound reveals a linear or close‐to‐linear Si–O–Si angle and a mutual trans position of the two hydrosulfido groups. The compound forms a chelating mononuclear complex with cadmium ions. In the complex, the sulfido groups adopt a cis conformation, and the Si–O–Siangle deviates from linearity. The molecular structure of the compound is discussed on the basis of DFT calculations.
Hafnium Trifluoromethanesulfonate [Hf(OTf)4] as a Unique Lewis Acid in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Ishitani Haruro , Suzuki Hirotsugu , Saito Yuki , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis microreview summarizes examples of Hf(OTf)4‐mediated or ‐catalyzed organic reactions. Hafnium triflate possesses four strongly electron‐withdrawing OTf groups, together with an ionic radius of intermediate range (Al < Ti < Hf, Zr < Sc < Ln), and has an oxophilic hard character typical of group IV metals. This Lewis acid shows outstanding performance in catalytic Friedel–Crafts acylation reactions and Mannich‐type reactions of imines, hydrazones, and N,O‐acetals. Several natural products have also been synthesized by use of Hf(OTf)4‐mediated or ‐catalyzed reactions. Moreover, Hf(OTf)4 has a number of potent features in carbohydrate syntheses. Hf(OTf)4 possesses many unique characteristics that distinguish it from other Lewis acids. The unique characteristics of Hf(OTf)4 should make this compound a major candidate for selection as a Lewis acid in the future.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation Reaction of N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles with Triphenylsilane: Access to Diverse Compounds
Authors: Wang Hui , Qiao Hongwei , Zhang Hao , Yang Haijun , Zhao Yufen , Fu Hua 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA highly efficient rhodium‐catalyzed hydrosilylation of N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles has been developed. The protocol uses readily available N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles and triphenylsilane as starting materials, and the reactions first gave 2‐(triphenylsilyl)‐2‐aryl‐N‐(arylsulfonyl)ethanimines, the isomerization of which provided (E)‐2‐(triphenylsilyl)‐2‐aryl‐N‐(arylsulfonyl)ethenamines in the presence of triethylamine; the reduction of which with LiAlH4 led to 2‐(triphenylsilyl)‐2‐aryl‐N‐(arylsulfonyl)ethanamines. It is worthwhile to note that the obtained products could be converted into indole and arylethylamine derivatives. Therefore, the highly efficient rhodium‐catalyzed hydrosilylation method is a valuable strategy for synthesis of diverse compounds.
Access to Substituted Carbazoles in Water by a One‐Pot Sequential Reaction of α,β‐Substituted Nitro Olefins with 2‐(3‐Formyl‐1H‐indol‐2‐yl)acetates
Authors: Biswas Soumen , Dagar Anuradha , Srivastava Anvita , Samanta Sampak 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA series of interesting new multifunctional carbazole scaffolds have been prepared in good to excellent yields by an organocatalytic one‐pot two‐step sequential reaction between α‐alkyl‐β‐substituted nitro olefins or α‐alkyl‐δ‐substituted nitro‐dienes and 2‐(3‐formyl‐1H‐indol‐2‐yl)acetates in water at room temperature followed by treatment with 2 n HCl under mild conditions. This one‐pot, organocatalytic, oxidant‐free, mild, and eco‐friendly process may provide a powerful alternative synthetic protocol to rapidly access 3‐alkyl‐substituted carbazole frameworks that have a close structural resemblance to biologically active natural carbazoles. Moreover, biologically significant cyclic imide‐ and quinolinone‐fused carbazoles have been efficiently prepared by using this synthetic method.
The Synthesis of Desepoxy‐Isotedanolide – A Potential Biosynthetic Precursor of Tedanolide
Authors: Naini Arun , Fohrer Jörg , Kalesse Markus 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe tedanolides are biologically active polyketides that exhibit a characteristic feature of an 18‐membered macrolactone generated from a primary hydroxyl group. In the realm of polyketides only secondary alcohols are generated by polyketidal transformations. With this knowledge, Taylor hypothesized that the observed macrolactone might arise from an intramolecular transesterification. To investigate this hypothetical transesterification, we completed the synthesis of desepoxy‐isotedanolide as tedanolide's putative biosynthetic precursor. This synthesis required a modified protecting group strategy, which proved to be non‐trivial. Unfortunately, it was not possible to accomplish the envisioned transesterification under laboratory conditions.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed 1,3‐O‐Transposition Reactions: Ynesulfonamides to Ynamides
Authors: Li De‐Yao , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe gold‐catalyzed 1,3‐O‐transposition reaction of ynesulfonamides provides a practical synthetic protocol for the synthesis of ynamides under mild conditions. This is the first 1,3‐O‐transposition example of ynesulfonamides in which a heteroatom is attached to the alkynyl terminal. A plausible mechanism is been proposed on the basis of 18O‐labeling and control experiments as well as DFT calculation. By simple treatment, the obtained ynamides can easily be transformed into useful products.
When immigrant groups “misbehave”: The influence of perceived deviant behavior on increased threat and discriminatory intentions and the moderating role of right‐wing authoritarianism
Authors: Kauff Mathias , Asbrock Frank , Issmer Christian , Thörner Stefan , Wagner Ulrich 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn two studies, we tested the relationship between non‐immigrant individuals' perceptions of deviant behavior carried out by Muslims and foreigners and discriminatory intentions towards these outgroups. Based on a longitudinal and a representative cross‐sectional sample, we showed that two different types of perceived deviant behavior (Study 1, Muslims' unwillingness to integrate; and Study 2, foreigners' hostility towards the non‐immigrant majority group) are related to increased intergroup threat, which in turn is related to increased intentions to show passive discrimination (i.e., avoidance) towards these outgroups. In line with theorizing about an increased sensitivity for threat in authoritarian individuals, the relationship between perceptions of deviant behavior and threat was especially strong among high authoritarian individuals. Theoretical and practical implications of our results are discussed.
Reconstruction of a destructive debris‐flow event via numerical modeling: the role of valley geometry on flow dynamics
Authors: Schilirò Luca , De Blasio Fabio V. , Esposito Carlo , Scarascia Mugnozza Gabriele 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDebris‐flows are widespread natural phenomena characterized by high mobility (high velocity and long runout distance) and impact forces, which frequently cause human casualties and significant damage to infrastructure. To better understand the dynamics of such events, analyzing in particular the effect induced by the valley geometry on flow velocity, runout and mobilized volumes, in this work we reconstruct a real debris‐flow event through numerical modeling. Specifically, we used a modified version of the BING model, a fluid‐dynamic depth‐integrated numerical model for debris flows, which has been properly modified to account for width changes along the valley. The studied event, which occurred in Scaletta Zanclea (Messina, north‐eastern Sicily, Italy) on October 1, 2009, is exceptionally well constrained by field and topographic information. In this respect the flow velocity, estimated from two specific locations on the basis of field evidence, the distribution of erosional and depositional areas along the Racinazzo valley, based on the comparison of pre‐ and post‐event digital elevation models (DEMs), and the runout distance were used as constraints to calibrate the model. Furthermore, we report a detailed description of the main event characteristics based on hydrological records and witness reports. The numerical modeling results are consistent with witness reports and the severe damage recorded in the Scaletta Marina village, and highlight the effect of the valley geometry on both the debris flow velocity and the erosion/deposition processes. The effect of changing valley width has been also quantified, resulting in accelerations of the debris in correspondence of the valley narrowing and stagnations at the plateaus. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of passive sampling for measuring dissolved concentrations of organic contaminants in the water column at three marine superfund sites
Authors: Burgess Robert M. , Lohmann Rainer , Schubauer-Berigan Joseph P. , Reitsma Pamela , Perron Monique M. , Lefkovitz Lisa , Cantwell Mark G. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Currently, there is an effort under way to encourage remedial project managers at contaminated sites to use passive sampling to collect freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree) of hydrophobic organic contaminants to improve site assessments. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of passive sampling for measuring water column Cfree for several hydrophobic organic contaminants at 3 US Environmental Protection Agency Superfund sites. Sites investigated included New Bedford Harbor (New Bedford, MA, USA), Palos Verdes Shelf (Los Angeles, CA, USA), and Naval Station Newport (Newport, RI, USA); and the passive samplers evaluated were polyethylene, polydimethylsiloxane-coated solid-phase microextraction fibers, semipermeable membrane devices, and polyoxymethylene. In general, the different passive samplers demonstrated good agreement, with Cfree values varying by a factor of 2 to 3. Further, at New Bedford Harbor, where conventional water sample concentrations were also measured (i.e., grab samples), passive sampler–based Cfree values agreed within a factor of 2. These findings suggest that all of the samplers were experiencing and measuring similar Cfree during their respective deployments. Also, at New Bedford Harbor, a strong log-linear, correlative, and predictive relationship was found between polyethylene passive sampler accumulation and lipid-normalized blue mussel bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (r2 = 0.92, p &lt; 0.05). The present study demonstrates the utility of passive sampling for generating scientifically accurate water column Cfree values, which is critical for making informed environmental management decisions at contaminated sediment sites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1720–1733. Published 2015 SETAC. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Novel porous soy protein‐based blend structures for biomedical applications: Microstructure, mechanical, and physical properties
Authors: Barkay‐Olami Hilla , Zilberman Meital 
Published: June 2015

AbstractUse of naturally derived materials for biomedical applications is steadily increasing. Soy protein has advantages over various types of natural proteins employed for biomedical applications due to its low price, nonanimal origin, and relatively long storage time and stability. In the current study, blends of soy protein with other polymers (gelatin, alginate, pectin, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol) were developed and studied. The mechanical tensile properties of dense films were studied in order to select the best secondary polymer for porous three‐dimensional structures. The porous soy–gelatin and soy–alginate structures were then studied for physical properties, degradation behavior, and microstructure. The results show that these blends can be assembled into porous three‐dimensional structures by combining chemical crosslinking with freeze‐drying. The soy–alginate blends are advantageous over soy–gelatin blends, demonstrated better stability, and degradation time along with controlled swelling behavior due to more effective crosslinking and higher water uptake than soy–gelatin blends. Water vapor transmission rate experiments showed that all porous blend structures were in the desired range for burn treatment [2000–2500 g/(m2 d)] and can be controlled by the crosslinking process. We conclude that these novel porous three‐dimensional structures have a high potential for use as scaffolds for tissue engineering, especially for skin regeneration applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1109–1120, 2016.
Changes in the concentrations of four maternal steroids during embryonic development in the threespined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Authors: Paitz Ryan Thomas , Mommer Brett Christian , Suhr Elissa , Bell Alison Marie 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTEmbryonic exposure to steroids often leads to long‐term phenotypic effects. It has been hypothesized that mothers may be able to create a steroid environment that adjusts the phenotypes of offspring to current environmental conditions. Complicating this hypothesis is the potential for developing embryos to modulate their early endocrine environment. This study utilized the threespined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to characterize the early endocrine environment within eggs by measuring four steroids (progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and cortisol) of maternal origin. We then examined how the concentrations of these four steroids changed over the first 12 days post fertilization (dpf). Progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and cortisol of maternal origin could be detected within unfertilized eggs and levels of all four steroids declined in the first 3 days following fertilization. While levels of progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol remained low after the initial decline, levels of cortisol rose again by 8 dpf. These results demonstrate thatG. aculeatusembryos begin development in the presence of a number of maternal steroids but levels begin to change quickly following fertilization. This suggests that embryonic processes change the early endocrine environment and hence influence the ability of maternal steroids to affect development. With these findings,G. aculeatusbecomes an intriguing system in which to study how selection may act on both maternal and embryonic processes to shape the evolutionary consequence of steroid‐mediated maternal effects.J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 422–429, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular and transcriptional characterization of GTHs and mPRα during ovarian maturation in rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus
Authors: Shi Bao , Liu Xuezhou , Xu Yongjiang , Sun Zhongzhi , Chen Shengyi , Zang Kun 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThe membrane progestin receptor α (mPRα) plays an important role in the regulation of oocyte meiotic maturation in fish. However, the endocrine regulation of multiple spawning in fish with asynchronous ovarian development remains to be determined. We identified four genes (FSHβ, LHβ, CGα and mPRα) that are widely expressed in both the reproductive and non‐reproductive tissues of rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus and examined their expression during ovarian maturation. The level of FSHβ transcripts in the pituitary remained high during vitellogenic stages, when the plasma levels of estradiol‐17β reached maximum levels and oocyte development was stimulated. LHβ expression in the pituitary and ovary reached maximum levels during oocyte maturation when the plasma levels of testosterone also reached a maximum. A significant correlation between mPRα transcript levels and the gonadosomatic index was observed during vitellogenesis and final maturation. Brain gonadotropin (FSHβ and LHβ) and mPRα were continuously expressed at different stages of ovarian development. The dynamic and diverse nature of gonadotropins and mPRα gene expression patterns suggests that these genes might jointly regulate ovarian development and maturation through the brain–pituitary–ovary axis in the rock bream endocrine system. J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 430–444, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of temperature and oxygen on growth and differentiation of embryos of the ground skink, Scincella lateralis
Authors: Flewelling Sarena , Parker Scott L. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTDevelopment of reptile embryos is dependent upon adequate oxygen availability to meet embryonic metabolic demand. Metabolic rate of embryos is temperature dependent, with oxygen consumption increasing exponentially as a function of temperature. Because metabolic rate is more temperature sensitive than diffusion, developmental processes are predicted to be oxygen‐limited at high temperatures. We tested the hypothesis that the amount of development lizard embryos achieve in the oviduct is dependent upon both temperature and oxygen availability. We evaluated the effect of temperature (23, 33°C) and oxygen concentration (9%, 15%, 21% O2) on survival and development of embryos of the oviparous skink Scincella lateralis. We predicted that incubation at 33°C under hypoxic conditions would result in higher embryo mortality due to mismatch between embryo oxygen demand and oxygen supply compared to eggs incubated at 23°C under hypoxic conditions. Embryo mortality was highest at 33°C/9% O2 (86%) compared to 23°C/9% O2 (14%), however, mortality did not differ among any other oxygen‐temperature treatment combination. Both temperature and oxygen affected differentiation, but the interaction between temperature and oxygen was not significant. Embryo growth in mass and hatchling mass were affected by oxygen concentration independent of temperature treatment. Differing responses of growth and differentiation to temperature and oxygen treatments suggests that somatic growth may be more sensitive to oxygen availability than differentiation. Results indicate that embryo mortality can occur both via the direct effect of high temperature on cellular function as well as indirectly through thermally induced oxygen diffusion limitation. J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 445–455, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.