bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Methods for Treatment of Periodontal Defects: A Case Report
Authors: Krastev Bogdan Petrov 
Published: April 2015

Treatment of periodontal diseases is a complex issue because of the difficult access to the root surface. Both the surgical and the nonsurgical method have their importance and place in the treatment of periodontal diseases. Nonsurgical treatment can be used independently, as a definitive or as a preparation for the surgical treatment. Access-Open flap surgery is the gold standard for treating periodontal diseases. Objectives: To demonstrate the possibilities of two minimally invasive methods-Minimally Invasive Surgery Technique performed with Er:YAG lazer and Regenerative Ultrasonic Periodontal Endoscopy for treating chronic periodontitis. Methods: Female patient age 45 was diagnosed with chronic periodontitis after X-ray examination. On her second lower molars the following pathology was found Probing Pocket Depth=6mm and infraossal defects with INFRA=3mm. Tooth 47 was treated with open flap curettage with an Er:YAG laser by the Minimally Invasive Surgery Technique. Regenerative Ultrasonic Periodontal Endoscopy was performed on tooth 37. The root surfaces of 36 and 37 were manipulated under indirect visual control and continuous irrigation with the help of periodontal endoscope DV2 Perioscopy System™ and ultrasonic tips EMS®, scaler Piezon Master 400®. Results: After a period of one year the following results were achieved: 1) No bleeding on probing. 2) Probing Pocket Depth 3mm 3) Complete bone regeneration-fill 4) Less gingival recession with RUPE. Conclusions: Based on the outcome of the minimally invasive procedures, they can be recommended as suitable and alternatives to the standard nonsurgical and surgical techniques.
The Effect of Age and Gender on Calcium, Phosphorus, and Calcium-Phosphorus Ratio in the Roots of Permanent Teeth
Authors: Zaichick Vladimir , Zaichick Sofia 
Published: April 2015

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate quantitatively the effect of age and gender on calcium, phosphorus, and calcium-phosphorus ratio in the roots of permanent teeth.
Methods: Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) mass fractions as well as Ca/P mass fraction ratio were estimated in intact tooth root(s) samples from apparently healthy humans, 38 women and 46 men, aged from 16 to 55 years. For Ca and P mass fractions measurements, instrumental neutron activation analysis with high resolution spectrometry of short-lived radionuclides was used.
Results: Mean values (mean ± standard error of mean, on dry mass basis) for the investigated parameters in two age groups (16-35 and 36-55 years) of females were: Ca 300 ± 12 g/kg, P 163 ± 7 g/kg, Ca/P ratio 1.85 ± 0.07 and Ca 277 ± 8 g/kg, P 145 ± 4 g/kg, Ca/P ratio 1.94 ± 0.06, respectively. The investigated parameters in the same age groups of males were: Ca 266 ± 13 g/kg, P 143 ± 7 g/kg, Ca/P ratio 1.88 ± 0.04 and Ca 278 ± 10 g/kg, P 152 ± 6 g/kg, Ca/P ratio 1.84 ± 0.04, respectively. The mean values for Ca, P and Ca/P ratio in the tooth root(s) were within a very wide range of reference data for dentin and close to their median.
Conclusions: A tendency for reduced Ca and P mass fraction in roots of female teeth after 35 years of age as well as for raised Ca mass fraction in female tooth root(s) up to 35 years of age as compared to male was observed.
Laser Apicoectomy with ER:YAG and Bone Xenograft Bio-Oss Collagen®. A Case Report
Authors: Krastev Bogdan Petrov 
Published: April 2015

Main problem in apicoectomy procedures is the choice of access and flap, which determines the prognosis of the affected tooth. An additional complication is the presence of chronic periodontitis and increased tooth mobility. In such cases it is important to maintain the free marginal tissues and to do minimal trauma.
Aim: To show the possibilities of the Er:YAG laser for treatment of apical lesions in a tooth with chronic periodontitis. Materials and
Methods: Patient age 35 with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, and a persistent cyst at tooth 22 was examined. After performing nonsurgical periodontal treatment apicoectomy was scheduled. A semilunar flap with vertical incisions was elevated 3mm from the gingival margin with a blade. All other procedures were performed with the help of Er:YAG laser in modes (release incision, bone remodeling, granulation tissue ablation, apex cutting). No retrograde filling was done. The cyst cavity was filled with Bio-Oss collagen® (Geistlich®, USA).
Results: In the post treatment period a flap dehiscence occurred due to: loose sutures, necrosis, infection. After a period of one year the X-ray showed complete bone filling of the defect with light lucidity at the sight of the dehiscence, which might be merited to the epithelial tissue proliferation towards the defect which resulted in forming bone with lesser density. After one year the tooth is preserved with mobility grade 1.
Discussion: The apicoectomy technique performed with Er:YAG is reliable and kept the soft tissues intact and also the tooth in spite of the severity of the chronic periodontitis. The technique can be recommended in similar cases.
Outcome after conservatively managed intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck
Authors: Moulton LS , Green NL , Sudahar T , Makwana NK , Whittaker JP 
Published: April 2015

Introduction In 2012, 2.6% of hip-fracture patients in the UK were treated conservatively. There is little data on outcome for these patients. However, one study demonstrated that though 30-day mortality is higher, mortality over the rest of the year is comparable with that in surgical groups. Therefore, we assessed conservatively managed patients in our unit. Methods Patients with intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck treated by conservative means between 2010 and 2012 inclusive were identified. Data were collected: American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS), mobility, mortality (30 days and one year) and pain levels. Results Thirty-two patients formed the study cohort. Mean age was 85.6 years. Median ASA grade was 4. Mortality at 30 days and one year was 31.3% and 56.3%, respectively. There was one case of pneumonia and one of infection. Pressure sores or venous thromboembolism were not documented. Three patients underwent surgery once their health improved. In general, mobility was decreased, but 30.8% of patients could mobilise with two aids or a frame. Only two cases had ongoing problems with pain. Conclusions Our data are similar to those published previously. Our patients were likely to have higher mortality data due to selection bias. Thirty-day mortality was significantly higher than the national average, but patients surviving 30 days had a prevalence of mortality similar to those managed by surgical means. Despite mobility decreasing from the pre-admission status, a considerable number of patients were free of pain and could mobilise. These data suggest that conservative management of intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck can produce acceptable results.
The spectrum of injuries resulting from posterior abdominal stab wounds: a South African experience
Authors: Kong VY , Oosthuizen GV , Clarke DL 
Published: April 2015

Introduction The spectrum of injury associated with anterior abdominal stab wounds (SWs) is well established. The literature on the spectrum of organ injury associated with SWs to the posterior abdomen, however, is limited. Methods We reviewed our experience of 105 consecutive patients who had established indications for laparotomy managed over a 4-year period in a high volume trauma service in South Africa. Results Of the 105 patients, 97 (92%) were male and the overall mean age was 24 years. Fifty-seven patients (54%) had immediate indications for laparotomy. The remaining 48 patients (46%) initially underwent active clinical observation and the indications for laparotomy became apparent during the observation period. Of the 105 laparotomies performed, 94 (90%) were positive and 11 (10%) were negative. Of the 94 positive laparotomies, 92 were therapeutic and 2 were non-therapeutic. A total of 176 organ injuries were identified: 50 (53%) of the 94 patients sustained a single organ injury while the remaining 44 (47%) sustained multiple organ injuries. The most commonly injured organs were the colon (n=63), spleen (n=21) and kidney (n=19). Conclusions The pattern of intra-abdominal injuries secondary to SWs to the posterior abdomen is different to that seen with the anterior abdomen. Colonic injury is most commonly encountered, followed by injuries to the spleen and kidney. Clinicians must remain vigilant because of the potential for occult injuries.
Roles And Satisfaction During Internship Program In Estonian Universities
Authors: Kaseorg Merike , Pukkonen Lee 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This study investigates an intern as someone who is a student in training, who may be paid, but in company is a temporary employee (Tovey, 2001); internship as a supplement or complement to academic instruction in environmental science. This article reviews roles during internship and satisfaction with the internship program from two perspectives: interns from five Estonian universities and site supervisors from various companies. The data from site supervisors and interns were collected through a web-based questionnaire. Surveys were carried out during 2012-2013. The sample consists of 418 interns and 194 institutions providing internship. The study gives and overview of the situation of the internship in Estonia. The data has been discussed in the context of the related literature.
Innovation Space Of The Business Models
Authors: Bednar Richard , Slávik Štefan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The business model is a conceptual image of the operational part of the company. Methods of visualization are used for its formal description. The actual models are arranged into a typological concept that creates the prerequisites for the evaluation and examination of their potential for innovation. The innovation space of the business models has been studied based on an extensive sample of enterprises. The nature of the innovations of the business models, the limits of their innovation space and the tendencies of the development of the innovation space has been identified.
Determination Of Customer Preferences For Benefits Provided By Sales Promotion At Shopping Centres In Lithuania
Authors: Pilelienė Lina , Bakanauskas Arvydas Petras 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The intensifying competition forces organizations to search for various measures which could help in persuading consumer to buy a product. Consequently, the attention to customer attraction is growing enormously. One of marketing measures used for this purpose is sales promotion. However, many measures of this marketing tool used by the companies do not attract consumers and end in failure. The article is aimed to determine customer preferences for benefits provided by sales promotion at shopping centres in Lithuania. Based on the results of questionnaire research the main conclusion is that customers of shopping centres in Lithuania are mainly driven by the utilitarian benefits of sales promotion, and are not affected by hedonic ones.
Insidious pathogen-mimicking properties of nanoparticles in triggering the lectin pathway of the complement system
Authors: Moghimi S. Moein , Wibroe Peter P. , Wu Linping , Farhangrazi Z. Shadi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe lectin pathway of the complement system is an integral component of the innate immune system recognizing pathogens through patterns of sugar moieties displayed on their surfaces and neutralizing them through an antibody-independent reaction cascade. Many engineered nanoparticles incite complement through the lectin pathway, but these nanoparticles inherently do not express surface-exposed sugars. However, the projected polymeric surface architecture of nanoparticles may transiently resemble structural motifs of peptidoglycan constituents of pathogens and trigger the lectin pathway. We discuss these issues in relation to nanomedicine design and immune safety.
Failure Rate Estimation in a Dynamic Environment
Authors: Gouno Evans , Guérineau Lise 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We present a method to assess the reliability of a material operating in a dynamic environment. The dynamic environment is represented as a sequence of shocks governed by a self-exciting point process. The time-to-failure of the material is assumed to have a piecewise
exponential distribution. A Cox model is integrated to take into account the effect of the stress.
Maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters are obtained and their properties are studied through simulated data. An application on field data is displayed. Hypothesis testing procedures for environment effect are suggested.
Within-Subject Mediation Analysis in AB/BA Crossover Designs
Authors: Josephy Haeike , Vansteelandt Stijn , Vanderhasselt Marie-Anne , Loeys Tom 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCrossover trials are widely used to assess the effect of a reversible exposure on an outcome of interest. To gain further insight into the underlying mechanisms of this effect, researchers may be interested in exploring whether or not it runs through a specific intermediate variable: the mediator. Mediation analysis in crossover designs has received scant attention so far and is mostly confined to the traditional Baron and Kenny approach. We aim to tackle mediation analysis within the counterfactual framework and elucidate the assumptions under which the direct and indirect effects can be identified in
Some Determinats of Quality of Life in Patients Suffering from Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Rashikj-Canevska Olivera , Chichevska-Jovanova Natasha 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPeople with multiple sclerosis are faced with numerous challenges which in turn may affect the things they want to do or have a need to do. Very often, constraints caused by the disease reduce their ability to cope with and meet their responsibilities at home, at work and within a broader community transforming simple daily activities into daily frustrations.The main goal of the research process was to present the life of persons with multiple sclerosis in the Republic of Macedonia, the problems they face every day, and the way they exceed them. We used the methods of structural, descriptive and functional analysis, as well as the method of generalization. We applied data (document) analysis, scaling and inquiry, and as a basic instrument we used a questionnaire composed of a combination of several scaling and index assessments. There was a convenient sample of the research composed of 32 persons with multiple sclerosis over the age of 18, and the results were obtained by a statistical analysis of the data and application of the combination of chi square tests, with a p<0.05 level of significance.According to the results of the Index of disability, 47% of the people with multiple sclerosis have limited independence in providing daily activities leading up to 31% of the examinees with rare participation in the everyday social activities, the result obtained by the Frenchay Index of activities. We can conclude that the Index of disability is higher with older respondents and it is often followed by a drop of the daily activity frequency.
Multidimetional Outcome and Long-Term Evaluation of Non-Avoidance Stutterung Therapy
Authors: Georgieva Dobrinka 
Published: April 2015

AbstractInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF, WHO, 2001) is a constructive framework for quality assessment and treatment in Logopedics (Speech Language Therapy). The current research study makes an attempt to introduce this standard into logopedical practice and applied research to measure the quality of life of persons with fluency disorders, such as stuttering. The quality of life is a modern multidimensional construct that covers health-medical, psychological, social and economic factors. Good level of communication and stabilized fluency is of key importance to improve the quality of life of persons who stutter.The purpose of the study was to show a model of assessment, treatment and evaluation of the efficacy of the non-avoidance approach in adult stuttering therapy.Methods: CharlesVan Riper’s non-avoidance approach for an intensive therapy. Participants were 15 adults who stutter with an average age 25.2 years.Results: Specific significant decreasing of the two main parameters: index of dysfluencies immediately after the intensive therapy as well as duration of disfluences in seconds. The changes in speech fluency before and after the intensive therapy as well as 3 years after this therapy were obtained regarding the duration of disfluencies and index of dysfluency.Conclusion: The present model of an intensive non-avoidance therapy format for adults with stuttering disorders was successfully applied for the Bulgarian conditions. Improved fluency is an important factor for quality of life improvement of persons with stuttering disorder.
An Evidence-Based Analysis of Self-Regulated Strategy Development Writing Interventions for Students with Specific Learning Disabilities
Authors: Alharbi Areej , Hott Brittany L. , Jones Beth A. , Henry Harvetta R. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackground: Approximately 5% of school-aged children in the United States receive special education services under the specific learning disabilities category. Additionally, 20% of all students experience difficulty with writing, spelling, and handwriting.Goal: This literature review provides a synthesis of single case studies evaluating the use of self-regulated strategy development SRSD) for students with specific learning disabilities.Method: Percentage of non-overlapping data PND) and Percentage of Data Exceeding the Median (PEM) were used as a common metric to evaluate studies meeting inclusion criteria.Results: Fifteen articles evaluating seven SRSD writing intervention strategies met study inclusion criteria. Both mean PND (89.69%, Range = 38% - 100%) and mean PEM (0.98, Range = 0.91 - 1.00) suggest that SRSD writing interventions are effective to highly effective.Conclusions: Althoudh additional research is needed, the results suggest that self-regulated writing strategies are an effective intervention to support students with specific learning disabilities experiencing difficulty with writing.
Functionality Assessment of Ecodesign Support System
Authors: Dostatni Ewa , Diakun Jacek , Grajewski Damian , Wichniarek Radoslaw , Karwasz Anna 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In the paper the issue of ecological-oriented product design is addressed. The definitions that concern product design are listed and the factors that make them important for the manufacturers are indicated. The method of ecological-oriented product assessment during the design process (implemented in the 3D CAD system), drawn-up by authors, is used for the analysis. The assessment of real household appliance using the method is presented and the conclusions from the evaluation are drawn.
A new species of Microchilus (Goodyerinae, Orchidaceae) from Peru
Authors: Kolanowska Marta , Szlachetko Dariusz L. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract A new species of Microchilus Presl is described and illustrated based on Peruvian material. The new entity resembles M. laegaardii Ormerod, from which it differs by the long leaf petiole and sheath, as well as by spur length and lip form. A key for identification of Peruvian Microchilus species is also provided.
Linguistic innovations in the immigration context as initial stages of a partially restructured variety: Evidence from SE constructions in the Portuguese of the East Timorese diaspora in Portugal
Authors: Afonso Susana , Goglia Francesco 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPortuguese became one of the official languages of independent East Timor after ca. 25 years of Indonesian rule; this prevented the partial restructuring of an East Timorese variety of Portuguese in a similar way to that undergone by other Portuguese varieties (e.g., Mozambican, Angolan and Vernacular Brazilian Portuguese). We will discuss the idiosyncratic use of SE constructions in the speech of literate Portuguese-speaking East Timorese immigrants in Portugal, who will go back to East Timor and will be likely to lead language change. Given this particular link between East Timor and its diasporas, linguistic innovations in the immigration context can shed light on the initial stages of a future partially-restructured East Timorese Portuguese variety. SE constructions are highly polysemous and marked and the data show that innovative patterns are emerging, comprising deletion and generalization of the clitic as well as creative uses of these constructions, mainly observed in impersonal and spontaneous situation types. These innovative patterns can be attributed to L2 acquisition and to the interference of Tetum Dili.
Using Ecological Niche Modeling For Biodiversity Conservation Guidance In The Western Podillya (Ukraine): Amphibians
Authors: Tytar V. , Mezhzherin S. , Sobolenko L. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Maximum entropy niche modeling was employed as a tool to assess potential habitat suitability for 13 amphibian species and to map their potential distribution in the Western Podillya (Ukraine). The predictor variables used were of climate, topography and human impact (assessed by the Human Footprint). The “mean temperature of coldest quarter” and “isothermality” were two of the most important factors in predicting habitat suitability and distribution. Another profound contribution has been displayed by the Human Footprint, meaning that human infrastructure may benefit amphibians, a phenomenon that perhaps is much more widespread than thought. Areas have been distinguished that in the first place should be of interest to nature conservationists targeting amphibians (exemplified by Bombina variegata) and a map summarizing species richness was produced.
Finding Of Gyrodactylus perccotti (Plathelminthes, Gyrodactylidae) In Water Bodies Of Kyiv Region
Authors: Zaichenko N. V. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Specific parasite of the introduced by accident fish the Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii, monogenean Gyrodactylus perccotti Ergens et Yukhimenko, 1973 was found in Kyiv Region, Ukraine. Dimensions of haptoral chitinous parts are given.
The Ground-Beetles Of The Genus Anthracus (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Of Ukraine
Authors: Putchkov A. V. , Nitochko M. I. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The data of geographical distribution of 3 species of the genus Anthracus Motschulsky, 1850 in Ukraine are presented. Th e short geographical and ecological data and a key of Anthracus are given.
Boundary-Layer Flow of Walters’ B Fluid with Newtonian Heating
Authors: Hayat Tasawar , Shafiq Anum , Mustafa Meraj , Alsaedi Ahmed 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This work studies the flow of Walters-B fluid over a stretching surface with Newtonian heating. The governing partial differential equations are first simplified through boundary layer approximations and then reduced into ordinary differential equations by using the appropriate substitutions. The resulting problems have been solved for the series solutions by a homotopic approach. Convergence analysis is performed and appropriate values are determined by plotting the so-called ℏ-curves. Graphical results for the dimensionless velocity and temperature are presented and discussed for various physical parameters. In addition, the expressions of skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are presented. The dimensionless expressions of wall shear stress and wall mass flux are analysed graphically and numerically.