bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Lymph Node Ratio of 10% Is Predictive of Survival in Stage III Colon Cancer: A French Regional Study
Authors: Sabbagh Charles , Mauvais François , Cosse Cyril , Rebibo Lionel , Joly Jean-Paul , Dromer Didier , Aubert Christine , Carton Sophie , Dron Bernard , Dadamessi Innocenti , Maes Bernard , Perrier Guillaume , Manaouil David , Fontaine Jean-François , Gozy Michel , Panis Xavier , Foncelle Pierre Henri , de Fresnoy Hugues , Leroux Fabien , Vaneslander Pierre , Ghighi Caroline , Regimbeau Jean-Marc 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Lymph node ratio (LNR) (positive lymph nodes/sampled lymph nodes) is predictive of survival in colon cancer. The aim of the present study was to validate the LNR as a prognostic factor and to determine the optimum LNR cutoff for distinguishing between “good prognosis” and “poor prognosis” colon cancer patients.
From January 2003 to December 2007, patients with TNM stage III colon cancer operated on with at least of 3 years of follow-up and not lost to follow-up were included in this retrospective study.
The two primary endpoints were 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) as a function of the LNR groups and the cutoff. One hundred seventy-eight patients were included. There was no correlation between the LNR group and 3-year OS (P = 0.06) and a significant correlation between the LNR group and 3-year DFS (P = 0.03). The optimal LNR cutoff of 10% was significantly correlated with 3-year OS (P = 0.02) and DFS (P = 0.02). The LNR was not an accurate prognostic factor when fewer than 12 lymph nodes were sampled. Clarification and simplification of the LNR classification are prerequisites for use of this system in randomized control trials. An LNR of 10% appears to be the optimal cutoff.
Surgery for Diverticulitis: A Re-Evaluation of the Changing Trends
Authors: Makarawo Tafadzwa P. , Eichenauer Steffan , Shah Uma , Jaeger Amy , McKendrick Alasdair , Mittal Vijay K. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The surgical management of diverticulitis continues to evolve but recent literature has not qualified just how different current practice is compared with the previous era. This study aims to update the seminal paper by Rodkey and Welch regarding indications and operation types performed for diverticulitis by comparing their findings with present practice at a community based institution. The charts of 407 patients admitted with “diverticular disease” between 2005 and 2010 were identified. For each admission, patients' demographics, presentations and management were recorded. Direct comparisons were made with results from the study by Rodkey and Welch. Of the 407 admissions studied, the distribution was 335 emergency and 72 elective. Medical management alone treated 90% of emergency admissions, while 4% required additional radiologic intervention. Emergency surgery was necessary in only 6% of cases with Hartmann's procedure being the most common procedure. Recurrent diverticulitis was a prime indication for elective surgery with 96% of cases undergoing a 1-staged procedure. Compared with the previous era, the nonoperative approach to managing acute diverticulitis is now applied for the vast majority of admissions. Improved success in medically temporizing patients in the present era has allowed for a higher percentage of successful single-staged elective surgeries.
Mucosal Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Intramural Gastric Metastasis Invading Liver and Pancreas: A Case Report
Authors: Nakazawa Nobuhiro , Fukuchi Minoru , Sakurai Shinji , Naitoh Hiroshi , Kiriyama Shinsuke , Fukasawa Takaharu , Tabe Yuichi , Yamauchi Hayato , Suzuki Masaki , Yoshida Tomonori , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
A 59-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital because of a 1-month history of dysphagia. Endoscopic examination revealed a superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and a giant gastric tumor. Computed tomography showed that the gastric tumor was directly invading the liver and pancreas. Because of the risk of the gastric tumor causing obstruction and bleeding, we performed a subtotal esophagectomy, proximal gastrectomy, left lateral segmentectomy of liver, and pancreatosplenectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. Final pathological findings were superficial esophageal carcinoma penetrating the muscularis mucosae with an intramural gastric metastasis directly invading the liver and pancreas. The patient received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, yet died 8 months postoperatively of complications of local recurrence. Early-stage esophageal carcinoma with intramural gastric metastasis is very rare. To our knowledge, this is the first case of mucosal esophageal carcinoma with intramural gastric metastasis directly invading other organs.
Giant Spermatic Cord Liposarcoma
Authors: Grossi Ugo , Crucitti Antonio , Pierconti Francesco 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
We report a case of giant spermatic cord liposarcoma (SCL) in an 81-year-old patient, presenting with a huge scrotal mass that reached up to the knee joint. SCL is a rare tumor, and about 200 cases have been reported in the literature so far. Although 20% of liposarcomas arise in the retroperitoneum, only 0.1% present as incidental inguinal hernias. The occasional presence of myxoid stroma in well-differentiated liposarcomas can lead to confusion with myxoid sarcoma subtypes. Correct diagnosis is critical and reflects remarkable differences in behavior and therapeutic choices.
Heterotopic Mesenteric Ossification After a Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurism: Case Report With a Review of Literatures
Authors: Honjo Hiroaki , Kumagai Youichi , Ishiguro Toru , Imaizumi Hideko , Ono Tomojiro , Suzuki Okihide , Ito Tetsuya , Haga Norihiro , Kuwabara Kohki , Sobajima Jun , Kumamoto Kensuke , Ishibashi Keiichiro , Baba Hiroyuki , Sato Osamu , Ishida Hideyuki , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHeterotopic mesenteric ossification (HMO) is a rare disease that results in intra-abdominal ossification of unknown origin. An 88-year-old man developed an intestinal obstruction 2 weeks after undergoing an operation for a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, resulting in intestinal obstructions those did not improved concervatively. During relaparotomy performed 30 days after the first operation, hard adhesions of the small intestine and mesentery were found; these adhesions were difficult to separate without damaging the serosa of the small intestine. We removed 240cm of the small intestine and performed a jejuno-ileo anastomosis. Microscopically, trabecular bone tissue had increased irregularly in the fat tissue of the nodules with fibrosis, which were partially lined with osteoblasts. Accordingly, we histopathologically diagnosed the patient as having HMO. The patient was treated with NSAIDs and cimetidine to prevent the recurrence of HMO. No signs of recurrence have occurred as of one year after the second operation.
Bilorrhea Secondary to Bronchobiliary Fistula
Authors: Olivencia-Yurvati A.H. , Rollins Christine 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare condition which occurs most commonly as a complication of hydatid cyst liver disease. The following report describes a patient who presented with biliptysis 6 months following decortication of an empyema that had occurred following partial hepatectomy of a colon cancer metastasis. This is the only case to our knowledge that describes the presentation of a BBF in this context. The patient was diagnosed with BBF and successfully underwent open thoracotomy for fistulectomy and repair.
Reducing Radiation Dose Without Compromising Image Quality in Preoperative Perforator Flap Imaging With CTA Using ASIR Technology
Authors: Niumsawatt Vachara , Debrotwir Andrew N. , Rozen Warren Matthew 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) has become a mainstay in preoperative perforator flap planning in the modern era of reconstructive surgery. However, the increased use of CTA does raise the concern of radiation exposure to patients. Several techniques have been developed to decrease radiation dosage without compromising image quality, with varying results. The most recent advance is in the improvement of image reconstruction using an adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) algorithm. We sought to evaluate the image quality of ASIR in preoperative deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap surgery, through a direct comparison with conventional filtered back projection (FBP) images. A prospective review of 60 consecutive ASIR and 60 consecutive FBP CTA images using similar protocol (except for radiation dosage) was undertaken, analyzed by 2 independent reviewers. In both groups, we were able to accurately identify axial arteries and their perforators. Subjective analysis of image quality demonstrated no statistically significant difference between techniques. ASIR can thus be used for preoperative imaging with similar image quality to FBP, but with a 60% reduction in radiation delivery to patients.
Substernal Goiter: When is a Sternotomy Required?
Authors: Coskun Ali , Yildirim Mehmet , Erkan Nazif 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe presence of substernal goiter is, per se, an indication for surgical management. Surgical approach of substernal goiter can most commonly be performed using the cervical access, but at times, a sternotomy or thoracotomy is necessary. The aim of this study was to identify the preoperative predictors of a sternotomy in the management of substernal goiter in order to provide better preoperative planning and patient consent. Between 2005 and 2012, 665 patients were referred to our clinic for thyroidectomy, 42 patients (6.3%) had substernal goiter and were included in this study. All substernal goiters were treated surgically, 38 (90.5%) by a cervical approach and 4 (9.5%) by full median sternotomy. All surgeries were successful, with no major postoperative complications. Minor postoperative complications of transient hypocalcemia and transient paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve occurred in 5 (11.9%) and 2 (4.7%) cases, respectively. Indication of median sternotomy was as follows: extension of goiter below the aortic arch, large thyroid tissue extending towards tracheal bifurcation, and ectopic thyroid tissue in the mediastinum. Substernal goiter can be removed through a cervical incision, but on rare occasions, a median sternotomy may be required.
Anomalous surface heave induced by enhanced oil recovery in northern Alberta: InSAR observations and numerical modeling
Authors: Pearse Jill , Singhroy Vern , Samsonov Sergey , Li Junhua 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRecent interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations over northern Alberta, Canada, show persistent surface heave occurring at rates of 1–4 cm/yr, localized at sites where the steam‐assisted gravity drainage technique is currently used to extract bitumen from the Athabasca oil sands. We find that uplift rates above the horizontal injector wells are strongly correlated with rates of steam injection, even though there is a net fluid loss from the reservoir pore space as oil and water are withdrawn through the production wells. In combination with available steam injection and bitumen production data at four sites, we use reservoir flow models to explain how the thermal and geomechanical effects of steam injection on an oil sand reservoir can generate uplift at the surface. Results of our numerical experiments show that persistent surface heave consistent with observed rates can be driven by stress changes in the reservoir due to porous flow and thermal expansion. We also observe an unexpected localized uplift, of magnitude equal to or greater than the heave above the sites of steaming but located at clusters of wellheads which are outside the region of influence of the steam chambers. We show that this “wellhead” deformation can be explained by thermal expansion of rock near the injector wells.
Effect of coastal‐trapped waves and wind on currents and transport in the Gulf of California
Authors: Gutiérrez Manuel O. , López Manuel , Candela Julio , Castro Rubén , Mascarenhas Affonso , Collins Curtis A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSubsurface pressure (SsP) observations from stations inside and outside of the Gulf of California (GC) are used to analyze the relationship between low‐frequency currents, temperature, and transport inside the GC and intraseasonal coastal‐trapped waves (CTWs), which propagate poleward along the coast toward the GC. Correlation functions and coherences of SsP stations were consistent with intraseasonal CTWs splitting in two at the mouth of the gulf: one part enters the gulf, propagates around the gulf, and eventually, toward the mouth, and another part that appears to “jump” the mouth of the gulf and travels poleward along the west coast of the peninsula. The correlation and coherence estimates of SsP at Manzanillo with currents showed that downwelling CTWs generated along‐gulf current anomalies toward the head of the gulf at the mainland shelf of the mouth, whereas at Ballenas Channel sill (San Lorenzo sill) these waves generated current anomalies toward the mouth near the surface (bottom). At the San Lorenzo (SL) sill, downwelling CTWs increased the near‐bottom (∼400 m) temperature and reduced the bottom transport of deep, fresher, and colder water that flows toward the head of the gulf. Cross‐Calibrated Multiplatform winds were used to investigate their relationship with currents. The first empirical orthogonal function of the along‐gulf wind stress showed that wind blowing toward the head of the gulf generated a reduction of bottom transport toward the head of the gulf through the SL sill, and intensified surface geostrophic current fluctuations toward the head of the gulf. There was also significant correlation between inflow bottom transport and outflow surface geostrophic velocities averaged across the gulf, consistent with the exchange pattern for the Northern Gulf.
Low‐frequency ocean bottom pressure variations in the North Pacific in response to time‐variable surface winds
Authors: Petrick C. , Dobslaw H. , Bergmann‐Wolf I. , Schön N. , Matthes K. , Thomas M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractOne decade of time‐variable gravity field observations from the GRACE satellite mission reveals low‐frequency ocean bottom pressure (OBP) variability of up to 2.5 hPa centered at the northern flank of the subtropical gyre in the North Pacific. From a 145 year‐long simulation with a coupled chemistry climate model, OBP variability is found to be related to the prevailing atmospheric sea‐level pressure and surface wind conditions in the larger North Pacific area. The dominating atmospheric pressure patterns obtained from the climate model run allow in combination with ERA‐Interim sea‐level pressure and surface winds a reconstruction of the OBP variability in the North Pacific from atmospheric model data only, which correlates favorably (r=0.7) with GRACE ocean bottom pressure observations. The regression results indicate that GRACE‐based OBP observations are indeed sensitive to changes in the prevailing sea‐level pressure and thus surface wind conditions in the North Pacific, thereby opening opportunities to constrain atmospheric models from satellite gravity observations over the oceans.
Ocean response to volcanic eruptions inCoupledModelIntercomparisonProject 5 simulations
Authors: Ding Yanni , Carton James A. , Chepurin Gennady A. , Stenchikov Georgiy , Robock Alan , Sentman Lori T. , Krasting John P. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe examine the oceanic impact of large tropical volcanic eruptions as they appear in ensembles of historical simulations from eight Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models. These models show a response that includes lowering of global average sea surface temperature by 0.1–0.3 K, comparable to the observations. They show enhancement of Arctic ice cover in the years following major volcanic eruptions, with long‐lived temperature anomalies extending to the middepth and deep ocean on decadal to centennial timescales. Regional ocean responses vary, although there is some consistent hemispheric asymmetry associated with the hemisphere in which the eruption occurs. Temperature decreases and salinity increases contribute to an increase in the density of surface water and an enhancement in the overturning circulation of the North Atlantic Ocean following these eruptions. The strength of this overturning increase varies considerably from model to model and is correlated with the background variability of overturning in each model. Any cause/effect relationship between eruptions and the phase of El Niño is weak.
Discontinuous Galerkin flood model formulation: Luxury or necessity?
Authors: Kesserwani Georges , Wang Yueling 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe finite volume Godunov‐type flood model formulation is the most comprehensive amongst those currently employed for flood risk modeling. The local Discontinuous Galerkin method constitutes a more complex, rigorous, and extended local Godunov‐type formulation. However, the practical merit associated with such an increase in the level of complexity of the formulation is yet to be decided. This work makes the case for a second‐order Runge‐Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin (RKDG2) formulation and contrasts it with the equivalently accurate finite volume (MUSCL) formulation, both of which solve the Shallow Water Equations (SWE) in two space dimensions. The numerical complexity of both formulations are presented and their capabilities are explored for wide‐ranging diagnostic and real‐scale tests, incorporating all challenging features relevant to flood inundation modeling. Our findings reveal that the extra complexity associated with the RKDG2 model pays off by providing higher‐quality solution behavior on very coarse meshes and improved velocity predictions. The practical implication of this is that improved accuracy for flood modeling simulations will result when terrain data are limited or of a low resolution.
Using multiple donor sites for enhanced flood estimation in ungauged catchments
Authors: Kjeldsen T. R. , Jones D. A. , Morris D. G. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA new generalized method is presented enabling the use of multiple donor sites when predicting an index flood variable in an ungauged catchment using a hydrological regression model. The method is developed from the premise of having an index flood prediction with minimum variance, which results in a set of optimal weights assigned to each donor site. In the model framework presented here, the weights are determined by the geographical distance between the centroids of the catchments draining to the subject site and the donor sites. The new method was applied to a case study in the United Kingdom using annual maximum series of peak flow from 602 catchments. Results show that the prediction error of the index flood is reduced by using donor sites until a minimum of six donors have been included, after which no or marginal improvements in prediction accuracy are observed. A comparison of these results is made with a variant of the method where donor sites are selected based on connectivity with the subject site through the river network. The results show that only a marginal improvement is obtained by explicitly considering the network structure over spatial proximity. The evaluation is carried out based on a new performance measure that accounts for the sampling variability of the index flood estimates at each site. Other results compare the benefits obtained by adding relevant catchment descriptors to a simple regression model with those obtained by transferring information from local donor sites.
Seasonal variability in M2 and M4 tidal constituents and its implications for the coastal residual sediment transport
Authors: Gräwe Ulf , Burchard Hans , Müller Malte , Schuttelaars Henk M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe use an observational data set of tidal gauges in the North Sea to investigate the annual cycle of the M2 and M4 amplitudes and phases. The sea surface elevation amplitude of the M2 can vary by 8–10% and the M4 amplitude by 12–30% over the course of the year, with larger amplitudes in summer. The annual phase variations are in the range of 3–15°. The reason for these variations is the thermal structure of the North Sea: a well‐developed thermocline in summer and well‐mixed water column during winter. The interaction of the M2 and M4 tides is one of the main drivers of the residual sediment transport. Using an analytical model, the seasonal variability in residual sediment transport is estimated. This transport can vary by 10–50% over the course of the year. These variations are mainly related to the seasonal variability of the M2 and M4 amplitudes.
El Cobreloa: A geyser with two distinct eruption styles
Authors: Namiki Atsuko , Muñoz‐Saez Carolina , Manga Michael 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe performed field measurements at a geyser nicknamed “El Cobreloa,” located in the El Tatio Geyser Field, Northern Andes, Chile. The El Cobreloa geyser has two distinct eruption styles: minor eruptions and more energetic and long‐lived major eruptions. Minor eruptions splash hot water intermittently over an approximately 4 min time period. Major eruptions begin with an eruption style similar to minor eruptions, but then transition to a voluminous liquid water‐dominated eruption, and finally end with energetic steam discharge that continues for approximately 1 h. We calculated eruption intervals by visual observations, acoustic measurements, and ground temperature measurements and found that each eruption style has a regular interval: 4 h and 40 min for major eruptions and ∼14 min for minor eruptions. Eruptions of El Cobreloa and geochemical measurements suggest interaction of three water sources. The geyser reservoir, connected to the surface by a conduit, is recharged by a deep, hot aquifer. More deeply derived magmatic fluids heat the reservoir. Boiling in the reservoir releases steam and hot liquid water to the overlying conduit, causing minor eruptions, and heating the water in the conduit. Eventually the water in the conduit becomes warm enough to boil, leading to a steam‐dominated eruption that empties the conduit. The conduit is then recharged by a shallow, colder aquifer, and the eruption cycle begins anew. We develop a model for minor eruptions which heat the water in the conduit. El Cobreloa provides insight into how small eruptions prepare the geyser system for large eruptions.
An assessment of the role of nonlinear reaction kinetics in parameterization of metamorphic fluid flow
Authors: Zhao Zhihong , Skelton Alasdair 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBased on inverse modeling of reaction progress data using a numerical framework that considers coupled advection and diffusion, linear and nonlinear reaction kinetics, and with effective diffusivity given by Archie's law, we show that (1) choice of reaction order has little effect (<0.3 orders of magnitude) on estimates of time‐integrated and time‐averaged metamorphic fluid fluxes and metamorphic fluid flow durations based on reaction progress data, (2) reaction order must be known for robust determination of time‐averaged net reaction rates based on reaction progress data and that underestimation of this term by more than 3 orders of magnitude can arise from assuming linear reaction kinetics, (3) differing reaction orders between laboratory experiments and natural metamorphic systems and/or a nonlinear dependence of effective diffusivity on porosity can explain order‐of‐magnitude discrepancies between field‐based and laboratory‐based estimates of time‐averaged net reaction rates, and (4) parameterization of metamorphic fluid flow is limited to time‐averaged values which fail to account for the possibility that metamorphism occurs in short‐lived pulses during longer time periods of metamorphic quiescence.