bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validating novel tau positron emission tomography tracer [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 (T807) on postmortem brain tissue
Authors: Marquié Marta , Normandin Marc D. , Vanderburg Charles R. , Costantino Isabel M. , Bien Elizabeth A. , Rycyna Lisa G. , Klunk William E. , Mathis Chester A. , Ikonomovic Milos D. , Debnath Manik L. , Vasdev Neil , Dickerson Bradford C. , Gomperts Stephen N. , Growdon John H. , Johnson Keith A. , Frosch Matthew P. , Hyman Bradley T. , Gómez‐Isla Teresa 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo examine region‐ and substrate‐specific autoradiographic and in vitro binding patterns of positron emission tomography tracer [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 (previously known as T807), tailored to allow in vivo detection of paired helical filament‐tau–containing lesions, and to determine whether there is off‐target binding to other amyloid/non‐amyloid proteins.MethodsWe applied [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 phosphor screen autoradiography, [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 nuclear emulsion autoradiography, and [H‐3]‐AV‐1451 in vitro binding assays to the study of postmortem samples from patients with a definite pathological diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration–tau, frontotemporal lobar degeneration–transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP‐43), progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and elderly controls free of pathology.ResultsOur data suggest that [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 strongly binds to tau lesions primarily made of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer brains (eg, intraneuronal and extraneuronal tangles and dystrophic neurites), but does not seem to bind to a significant extent to neuronal and glial inclusions mainly composed of straight tau filaments in non‐Alzheimer tauopathy brains or to lesions containing β‐amyloid, α‐synuclein, or TDP‐43. [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 off‐target binding to neuromelanin‐ and melanin‐containing cells and, to a lesser extent, to brain hemorrhagic lesions was identified.InterpretationOur data suggest that [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 holds promise as a surrogate marker for the detection of brain tau pathology in the form of tangles and paired helical filament‐tau–containing neurites in Alzheimer brains but also point to its relatively lower affinity for lesions primarily made of straight tau filaments in non‐Alzheimer tauopathy cases and to the existence of some [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 off‐target binding. These findings provide important insights for interpreting in vivo patterns of [F‐18]‐AV‐1451 retention. Ann Neurol 2015 Ann Neurol 2015;78:Ann Neurol 2015;78:679–696
Uran aus deutschen Nuklearprojekten der 1940er Jahre – eine nuklearforensische Untersuchung
Authors: Mayer Klaus , Wallenius Maria , Lützenkirchen Klaus , Horta Joan , Nicholl Adrian , Rasmussen Gert , van Belle Pieter , Varga Zsolt , Buda Razvan , Erdmann Nicole , Kratz Jens‐Volker , Trautmann Norbert , Fifield L. Keith , Tims Stephen G. , Fröhlich Michaela B. , Steier Peter 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWir berichten hier über eine nuklearforensische Analyse verschiedener Uranmaterialien aus deutschen Nuklearprojekten der 1940er Jahre, bei denen Uranmetall in verschiedenen Geometrien verwendet wurde. Mithilfe des 230Th/234U‐Isotopenverhältnisses konnte für das Metall ein Produktionszeitraum von 1940 bis 1943 bestimmt werden. Die geographische Herkunft des Urans wurde anhand des Spurengehalts an Seltenerdelementen und der Strontium‐Isotopenverhältnisse bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das bei den deutschen Nuklearprojekten verwendete Uran aus Minen in der Tschechischen Republik stammt. 236U und 239Pu wurden in Spuren nachgewiesen. Diese entsprechen in etwa der Häufigkeit dieser Isotope in Uranerzen, woraus sich ableiten lässt, dass die untersuchten Uranmetalle keinem signifikanten Neutronenfluss ausgesetzt waren.
Divergent Reactivity of Rhodium(I) Carbenes Derived from Indole Annulations
Authors: Li Xiaoxun , Li Hui , Song Wangze , Tseng Po‐Sen , Liu Lingyan , Guzei Ilia A. , Tang Weiping 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRhodium(I) carbenes were generated from propargylic alcohol derivatives as the result of a dehydrative indole annulation. Depending on the choice of the electron‐withdrawing group on the aniline nitrogen nucleophile, either a cyclopropanation product or dimerization product was obtained chemoselectively. Intramolecular hydroamidation occurred for the same type of propargylic alcohol derivatives when other transition‐metal catalysts were employed.
Towards Structural‐Functional Mimics of Acetylene Hydratase: Reversible Activation of Acetylene using a Biomimetic Tungsten Complex
Authors: Peschel Lydia M. , Belaj Ferdinand , Mösch‐Zanetti Nadia C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of a biomimetic system that can reversibly bind acetylene (ethyne) is reported. The system has been designed to mimic catalytic intermediates of the tungstoenzyme acetylene hydratase. The thiophenyloxazoline ligand S‐Phoz (2‐(4′,4′‐dimethyloxazolin‐2′‐yl)thiophenolate) is used to generate a bioinspired donor environment around the W center, facilitating the stabilization of W–acetylene adducts. The featured complexes [W(C2H2)(CO)(S‐Phoz)2] (2) and [WO(C2H2)(S‐Phoz)2] (3) are extremely rare from a synthetic and structural point of view as very little is known about W–C2H2 adducts. Upon exposure to visible light, 3 can release C2H2 from its coordination sphere to yield the 14‐electron species [WO(S‐Phoz)2] (4). Under light‐exclusion 4 re‐activates C2H2 making this the first fully characterized system for the reversible activation of acetylene.
Copper‐Catalyzed Formation of α‐Alkoxycycloalkenones from N‐Tosylhydrazones
Authors: Su Naijing , Theorell Juliana A. , Wink Donald J. , Driver Tom G. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe combination of 20 mol % of copper iodide and lithium tert‐butoxide triggers the formation of a broad range of substituted, functionalized α‐alkoxy 2H‐naphthalenones from readily available N‐tosylhydrazones. The data suggests that this transformation occurs through cycloaddition of a copper carbenoid with an ester, followed by a Lewis acid‐catalyzed [1,2] alkyl shift of the in situ generated alkoxyepoxide intermediate.
Metal–Ligand Cooperation
Authors: Khusnutdinova Julia R. , Milstein David 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMetal–ligand cooperation (MLC) has become an important concept in catalysis by transition metal complexes both in synthetic and biological systems. MLC implies that both the metal and the ligand are directly involved in bond activation processes, by contrast to “classical” transition metal catalysis where the ligand (e.g. phosphine) acts as a spectator, while all key transformations occur at the metal center. In this Review, we will discuss examples of MLC in which 1) both the metal and the ligand are chemically modified during bond activation and 2) bond activation results in immediate changes in the 1st coordination sphere involving the cooperating ligand, even if the reactive center at the ligand is not directly bound to the metal (e.g. via tautomerization). The role of MLC in enabling effective catalysis as well as in catalyst deactivation reactions will be discussed.
Uranium from German Nuclear Power Projects of the 1940s— A Nuclear Forensic Investigation
Authors: Mayer Klaus , Wallenius Maria , Lützenkirchen Klaus , Horta Joan , Nicholl Adrian , Rasmussen Gert , van Belle Pieter , Varga Zsolt , Buda Razvan , Erdmann Nicole , Kratz Jens‐Volker , Trautmann Norbert , Fifield L. Keith , Tims Stephen G. , Fröhlich Michaela B. , Steier Peter 
Published: September 2015

AbstractHere we present a nuclear forensic study of uranium from German nuclear projects which used different geometries of metallic uranium fuel.3b,d, 4 Through measurement of the 230Th/234U ratio, we could determine that the material had been produced in the period from 1940 to 1943. To determine the geographical origin of the uranium, the rare‐earth‐element content and the 87Sr/86Sr ratio were measured. The results provide evidence that the uranium was mined in the Czech Republic. Trace amounts of 236U and 239Pu were detected at the level of their natural abundance, which indicates that the uranium fuel was not exposed to any major neutron fluence.
Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Crypto‐Optically Active 2H6‐Neopentane
Authors: Masarwa Ahmad , Gerbig Dennis , Oskar Liron , Loewenstein Aharon , Reisenauer Hans Peter , Lesot Philippe , Schreiner Peter R. , Marek Ilan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe determination of the absolute configuration of chiral molecules is at the heart of asymmetric synthesis. Here we probe the spectroscopic limits for chiral discrimination with NMR spectroscopy in chiral aligned media and with vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy of the sixfold‐deuterated chiral neopentane. The study of this compound presents formidable challenges since its stereogenicity is only due to small mass differences. For this purpose, we selectively prepared both enantiomers of 2H6‐1 through a concise synthesis utilizing multifunctional intermediates. While NMR spectroscopy in chiral aligned media could be used to characterize the precursors to 2H6‐1, the final assignment could only be accomplished with VCD spectroscopy, despite the fleetingly small dichroic properties of 1. Both enantiomers were assigned by matching the VCD spectra with those computed with density functional theory.
How Information Availability Interacts with Visual Attention during Judgment and Decision Tasks
Authors: Pärnamets Philip , Johansson Roger , Gidlöf Kerstin , Wallin Annika 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDecisions in front of a supermarket shelf probably involve a mix of visually available information and associated memories—and interactions between those two. Several cognitive processes, such as decision making, search, and various judgments, are therefore likely to co‐occur, and each process will influence visual attention. We conducted two eye‐tracking experiments capturing parts of these features by having participants make either judgments or decisions concerning products that had been previously encoded. Half the time, participants made their choices with full information about the available products and half the time with crucial task‐relevant information removed. By comparing participants' use of visual attention during decisions and search‐based and memory‐based judgments, we can better understand how visual attention is differently employed between tasks and how it depends on the visual environment. We found that participants' visual attention during decisions is sensitive to evaluations already made during encoding and strongly characterized by preferential looking to the options later to be chosen. When the task environment is rich enough, participants engage in advanced integrative visual behavior and improve their decision quality. In contrast, visual attention during judgments made on the same products reflects a search‐like behavior when all information is available and a more focused type of visual behavior when information is removed. Our findings contribute not only to the literature on how visual attention is used during decision making but also to methodological questions concerning how to measure and identify task‐specific features of visual attention in ecologically valid ways. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of easy‐to‐use reverse‐phase liquid chromatographic methods for determining PRE‐084, RC‐33 and RC‐34 in biological matrices. The first step for in vivo analysis of sigma1 receptor agonists
Authors: Marra Annamaria , Rossi Daniela , Maggi Lauretta , Corana Federica , Mannucci Barbara , Peviani Marco , Curti Daniela , Collina Simona 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOver the years there has been a growing interest in the therapeutic potential for central nervous system pathologies of sigma receptor modulators. The widely studied PRE‐084 and our compounds RC‐33 and RC‐34 are very potent and selective sigma 1 receptor agonists that could represent promising drug candidates for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Herein, we develop and validate robust and easy‐to‐use reverse‐phase chromatographic methods suitable for detecting and quantifying PRE‐084, RC‐33 and RC‐34 in mouse blood, brain and spinal cord. An HPLC/UV/ESI‐MS system was employed for analyzing PRE‐084 and an HPLC/UV‐PDA system for determining RC‐33 and RC‐34. Chromatographic separations were achieved on Waters Symmetry RP18 column (150 × 3.9 mm, 5 µm), eluting with water and acetonitrile (both containing 0.1% formic acid) in gradient conditions. The recovery of PRE‐084, RC‐33 and RC‐34 was >95% in all the considered matrices. Their limits of quantitation and detection were also determined. Validation proved the methods be suitable for separating tested compounds from endogenous interferences, being characterized by good sensitivity, linearity, precision and accuracy. A preliminary central nervous system distribution study showed a high distribution of RC‐33 in brain and spinal cord, with concentration values well above the determined limit of quantitation. The proposed methods will be used in future preclinical investigations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification and quantification of the antipsychotics risperidone, aripiprazole, pipamperone and their major metabolites in plasma using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Wijma Rixt A. , van der Nagel Bart C. H. , Dierckx Bram , Dieleman Gwen C. , Touw Daan J. , van Gelder Teun , Koch Birgit C. P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe antipsychotics risperidone, aripiprazole and pipamperone are frequently prescribed for the treatment in children with autism. The aim of this study was to validate an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method for the quantification of these antipsychotics in plasma. An ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry assay was developed for the determination of the drugs and metabolites. Gradient elution was performed on a reversed‐phase column with a mobile phase consisting of ammonium acetate, formic acid in methanol or in Milli‐Q ultrapure water at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The method was validated according to the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The analytes were found to be stable enough after reconstitution and injection of only 5 μL improved the accuracy and precision in combination with the internal standard. Calibration curves of all five analytes were linear. All analytes were stable for at least 72 h in the autosampler and the high quality control of 9‐OH‐risperidone was stable for 48 h. The method allows quantification of all analytes. The advantage of this method is the combination of a minimal injection volume, a short run‐time, an easy sample preparation method and the ability to quantify all analytes in one run. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary pleural precursor B‐Cell lymphoblastic lymphoma
Authors: Williams Mark S. , Cheesman Edmund , Kaleem Musa , Wynn Robert 
Published: September 2015

Key Clinical MessageIntrathoracic lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is classically of T‐cell lineage, but these cases of pleural B‐cell LBL suggest that this is not always the case. Despite the clinical challenges involved every attempt should be made to secure a biopsy and histological diagnosis, as we move into an era of lineage‐directed therapies.
A different type of dominoes in the stomach
Authors: Kalavakunta Jagadeesh K. , Agrawal Yashwant , Tokala Hemasri 
Published: September 2015

Key Clinical MessageIngestion of foreign bodies is one of the common causes of emergency department visits. History, physical examination, and noninvasive imaging such as plain radiography and computer tomography scan can guide us regarding the type and location of the ingested foreign body. Most of the patients can be managed conservatively but few may need endoscopic evaluation and treatment.
Rosai Dorfman disease diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology in a young man with HIV infection
Authors: Sall Abibatou , Touré Awa Oumar , Ndiaye Fatou Samba , Sène Abdoulaye , Sall Fatimata Bintou , Faye Blaise Félix , Seck Moussa , Diop Saliou 
Published: September 2015

Key Clinical MessageRDD (Rosai Dorfman disease) is a rare and benign histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology. FNAC (Fine‐needle aspiration cytology) is a useful and reliable tool for the diagnosis of RDD, and as such, biopsy is avoidable.
VOx/SiO2 Catalyst Prepared by Grafting VOCl3 on Silica for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane
Authors: Zhu Haibo , Ould‐Chikh Samy , Dong Hailin , Llorens Isabelle , Saih Youssef , Anjum Dalaver H. , Hazemann Jean‐Louis , Basset Jean‐Marie 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe VOx/SiO2 catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane were synthesized by a simple grafting method. The VOCl3 was first grafted at the surface of SiO2, which was dehydrated at different temperature (from 200 to 1000 °C). The formed grafted complexes were then calcined in air, leading to the formation of VOx/SiO2 catalysts. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, SEM, Raman spectroscopy, temperature‐programmed reduction, and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis. The SiO2 pretreatment temperature has an evident effect on the loading and dispersion of VOx on SiO2, which finally affects their catalytic performance. High SiO2 treatment temperature is beneficial to dispersing the vanadium oxide species at the SiO2 surface. These materials are efficient catalysts for the catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. The best selectivity to propylene is achieved on the VOx/SiO2‐(1000) catalyst. The high selectivity and activity are well maintained for three days catalytic reaction.
Systematic Investigation of the Effect of Polymerization Routes on the Gas‐Sorption Properties of Nanoporous Azobenzene Polymers
Authors: Buyukcakir Onur , Je Sang Hyun , Park Joonho , Patel Hasmukh A. , Jung Yousung , Yavuz Cafer T. , Coskun Ali 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFunctional‐group‐oriented polymerization strategies have contributed significantly to the initial development of porous polymers and have led to the utilization of several well‐known organic transformations in the synthesis of these polymers. Because there are multiple polymerization routes that can be used to introduce the same chemical functionality, it is very important to demonstrate the effect of different polymerization routes on the gas‐sorption properties of these chemically similar polymers. Herein, we have studied the rich chemistry of azobenzenes and synthesized four chemically similar nanoporous azobenzene polymers (NABs) with surface areas of up to 1021 m2 g−1. The polymerization routes have a significant impact on the pore‐size distributions of the NABs, which directly affects the temperature dependence of the CO2/N2 selectivity. A pore‐width maximum of 6–8 Å, narrow pore‐size distribution, and small particle size (20–30 nm) were very critical for high CO2/N2 selectivity and N2 phobicity, which is associated with azo linkages and realized at warm temperatures. Our findings collectively suggest that an investigation of different polymerization routes for the same chemical functionalization is critical to understand fully the combined effect of textural properties, local environment, and chemical functionalization on the gas‐sorption properties of nanoporous polymers.
Coordination Complexes of a Neutral 1,2,4‐Benzotriazinyl Radical Ligand: Synthesis, Molecular and Electronic Structures, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Morgan Ian S. , Mansikkamäki Akseli , Zissimou Georgia A. , Koutentis Panayiotis A. , Rouzières Mathieu , Clérac Rodolphe , Tuononen Heikki M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA series of d‐block metal complexes of the recently reported coordinating neutral radical ligand 1‐phenyl‐3‐(pyrid‐2‐yl)‐1,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐benzotriazin‐4‐yl (1) was synthesized. The investigated systems contain the benzotriazinyl radical 1 coordinated to a divalent metal cation, MnII, FeII, CoII, or NiII, with 1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoroacetylacetonato (hfac) as the auxiliary ligand of choice. The synthesized complexes were fully characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and electronic structure calculations. The complexes [Mn(1)(hfac)2] and [Fe(1)(hfac)2] displayed antiferromagnetic coupling between the unpaired electrons of the ligand and the metal cation, whereas the interaction was found to be ferromagnetic in the analogous NiII complex [Ni(1)(hfac)2]. The magnetic properties of the complex [Co(1)(hfac)2] were difficult to interpret owing to significant spin–orbit coupling inherent to octahedral high‐spin CoII metal ion. As a whole, the reported data clearly demonstrated the favorable coordinating properties of the radical 1, which, together with its stability and structural tunability, make it an excellent new building block for establishing more complex metal–radical architectures with interesting magnetic properties.
Poly(aryl ether) Dendrons with Monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalene Unit‐Based Organogels exhibiting Gel‐Induced Enhanced Emission (GIEE)
Authors: Liu Yucun , Lei Wenwei , Chen Tie , Jin Longyi , Sun Guangyan , Yin Bingzhu 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA series of poly(aryl ether) dendrons with a monopyrrolo‐tetrathiafulvalene unit linked through an acyl hydrazone linkage were designed and synthesized as low molecular mass organogelators (LMOGs). Two of the dendrons could gelate the aromatic solvents and some solvent mixtures, but the others could not gel all solvents tested except forn‐pentanol. A subtle change on the molecular structure produces a great influence on the gelation behavior. Note that the dendrons could form the stable gel in the DMSO/water mixture without thermal treatment and could also form the binary gel with fullerene (C60) in toluene. The formed gels undergo a reversible gel–sol phase transition upon exposure to external stimuli, such as temperature and chemical oxidation/reduction. A number of experiments (SEM, FTIR spectroscopy,1H NMR spectroscopy, and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, and XRD) revealed that these dendritic molecules self‐assembled into elastically interpenetrating one‐dimensional fibrillar aggregates and maintain rectangular molecular‐packing mode in organogels. The hydrogen bonding, π–π, and donor–acceptor interactions were found to be the main driving forces for formation of the gels. Moreover, the gel system exhibited gel‐induced enhanced emission (GIEE) property in the visible region in spite of the absence of a conventional fluorophore unit and the fluorescence was effectively quenched by introduction of C60.