bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over-the-top (OTT) platforms: a review, synthesis and research directions
Authors: Khanna Prateek , Sehgal Reetika , Gupta Ashish , Dubey Ashish Mohan , Srivastava Rajeev 
Published: August 2024

PurposeIn this era of technological advancement, the capabilities of devices and telecommunications have changed the pattern of media consumption among consumers. This study examined the research landscape and advancements in OTT services.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a hybrid review consisting of bibliometric and thematic analyses to present advancements in the OTT platforms. A hybrid review integrates both systematic and narrative approaches by emphasizing a literature search strategy and the study selection process.FindingsThis study focuses on previous literature to understand recent developments in the domain. The authors derive six major OTT themes: OTT infrastructure and technology advancement, OTT consumption behaviour, shifting trends towards OTT platforms, viewers’ engagement in digital media, OTT in the global market, OTT policies and regulatory mechanisms.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study will be useful for marketers/stakeholders associated with the entertainment and media industries, such as sales promotion teams, media planners/advertisers, content management companies and policy regulators, to penetrate OTT viewers.Originality/valueThe literature related to OTT is progressively rising, but it remains highly fragmented because of inconsistencies in the methodologies and theories used in the domain of OTT. This study offers directions in terms of theory, methodology and future research on OTT services.
High risk of low birth weight in couples with advanced paternal age in in vitro fertilization treatment
Authors: Wan Yangyang , Wen Zhu , Liu Wenjing , Jiang Xiaohua , Wu Limin , Jiang Hui , Zhang Xiansheng , Shi Qinghua , Hua Juan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith the development of socio‐economic conditions and a shift in attitudes towards fertility, there has been a gradual increase in delayed childbearing since the 2000s. Age plays a significant role in the decline of fertility. However, we know very little about the association of paternal age with reproductive outcomes.ObjectivesTo investigate the correlation between advanced paternal age and semen quality, embryo quality, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes in IVF cycles.Materials and methodsIn this study, after excluding female partners aged ≥35 years, we analyzed data from 761 infertile couples who underwent in vitro fertilization cycles at the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC between June 2020 and March 2023. Cases were classified into three groups according to the age of the male: <35 years (530 infertile couples), 35 years ≤ paternal age <40 years (125 infertile couples), and ≥40 years (106 infertile couples). Then, we compared the general clinical data arising from in vitro fertilization cycles between the three groups, including semen parameters, embryonic parameters, and pregnancy and neonatal birth outcomes.ResultsData analysis showed that the duration of infertility and the incidence of secondary infertility were significantly higher in paternal age ≥35 years groups than those aged <35 years (all p < 0.05). We also observed a significant difference between ≥40 years and <35 years groups in terms of the normal fertilization rate, high‐quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, live birth rate, Apgar scores, and the low birth weight neonatal rate (all p < 0.05). The group with paternal age ≥40 years showed statistically significant differences in terms of clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, live birth rate, and low birth weight on multivariable logistic regression (all p < 0.05).ConclusionThe results of our study indicate that advanced paternal age (≥40 years) has a significant impact on the embryo quality, pregnancy outcome, and neonatal outcome. Paternal age over 40 years is a risk for in vitro fertilization success rate.
Increased risk of bacterial pneumonia before and after respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children
Authors: Strandell Karin , Videholm Samuel , Tornevi Andreas , Björmsjö Maria , Silfverdal Sven Arne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe burden of respiratory disease is great among children. This study aimed to examine the temporal relationship between hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and bacterial pneumonia.MethodsA Swedish population‐based cohort was created by combining data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, the National Inpatient Register, the Cause of Death Register, the Total Population Register, and the Longitudinal Integration Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies. Children born between 1998 and 2015 were included and followed for 2 years. We examined the temporal relationship between RSV hospitalisation and bacterial pneumonia using piecewise exponential models.ResultsThe final cohort comprised 1 641 747 children, 48.5% were females. There were 23 632 RSV and 4722 bacterial pneumonia hospitalisations, with mean age of 137.8 and 424.2 days, respectively. RSV hospitalisation was associated with bacterial pneumonia with an adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) of 3.18. The risk was highest in the first month after RSV hospitalisation, aIRR 11.19. The risk of bacterial pneumonia was elevated for 4 months after RSV hospitalisation and before RSV hospitalisation.ConclusionWe found an increased risk for bacterial pneumonia hospitalisation in children hospitalised for RSV both before and after RSV hospitalisation, indicating a bidirectional relationship.
Epigenetic responses of trees to environmental stress in the context of climate change
Authors: Miryeganeh Matin , Armitage David W. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIn long‐lived tree populations, when environmental change outpaces rates of evolutionary adaptation, plasticity in traits related to stress tolerance, dormancy, and dispersal may be vital for preventing extinction. While a population's genetic background partly determines its ability to adapt to a changing environment, so too do the many types of epigenetic modifications that occur within and among populations, which vary on timescales orders of magnitude faster than the emergence of new beneficial alleles. Consequently, phenotypic plasticity driven by epigenetic modification may be especially critical for sessile, long‐lived organisms such as trees that must rely on this plasticity to keep pace with rapid anthropogenic environmental change. While studies have reported large effects of DNA methylation, histone modification, and non‐coding RNAs on the expression of stress‐tolerance genes and resulting phenotypic responses, little is known about the role of these effects in non‐model plants and particularly in trees. Here, we review new findings in plant epigenetics with particular relevance to the ability of trees to adapt to or escape stressors associated with rapid climate change. Such findings include specific epigenetic influences over drought, heat, and salinity tolerance, as well as dormancy and dispersal traits. We also highlight promising findings concerning transgenerational inheritance of an epigenetic ‘stress memory’ in plants. As epigenetic information is becoming increasingly easy to obtain, we close by outlining ways in which ecologists can use epigenetic information better to inform population management and forecasting efforts. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind phenotypic plasticity and stress memory in tree species offers a promising path towards a mechanistic understanding of trees' responses to climate change.
The origin of great ape gestural forms
Authors: Graham Kirsty E. , Rossano Federico , Moore Richard T. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTwo views claim to account for the origins of great ape gestural forms. On the Leipzig view, gestural forms are ontogenetically ritualised from action sequences between pairs of individuals. On the St Andrews view, gestures are the product of natural selection for shared gestural forms. The Leipzig view predicts within‐ and between‐group differences between gestural forms that arise as a product of learning in ontogeny. The St Andrews view predicts universal gestural forms comprehensible within and between species that arise because gestural forms were a target of natural selection. We reject both accounts and propose an alternative “recruitment view” of the origins of great ape gestures. According to the recruitment view, great ape gestures recruit features of their existing behavioural repertoire for communicative purposes. Their gestures inherit their communicative functions from visual (and sometimes tactile) presentations of familiar and easily recognisable action schemas and states and parts of the body. To the extent that great ape species possess similar bodies, this predicts mutual comprehensibility within and between species – but without supposing that gestural forms were themselves targets of natural selection. Additionally, we locate great ape gestural communication within a pragmatic framework that is continuous with human communication, and make testable predications for adjudicating between the three alternative views. We propose that the recruitment view best explains existing data, and does so within a mechanistic framework that emphasises continuity between human and non‐human great ape communication.
Government as a Source of Equity Capital for Entrepreneurs: Evidence From Entrepreneurial Exits
Authors: Cumming Douglas , Knill April , Syvrud Kelsey 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueWe examine the effect of government equity investment on the dollar value of entrepreneurial exits spanning 50 countries over the years 1990–2015.Research Findings/InsightsData on 8532 entrepreneurial exits indicate that, relative to exits in which the investor base is purely nongovernment, private firm exits with government equity investment have higher dollar exit values. Subsample analysis suggests that the exits via initial public offerings (IPOs) drive these results with an average associated increase in IPO proceeds of $192.49 million. The positive impact of government is more pronounced when access to entrepreneurial capital is limited and for limited partnership venture capital structures.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsResearch on government equity investment has suggested inefficiencies that lead to the deterioration of corporate value. Conversely, government equity investment can provide a valuable source of capital to some firms when investors, for example, venture capitalists, are unable or unwilling to invest. Our paper sheds light on whether government equity investment can provide value to small private firms, a subset of firms that is typically financially constrained, and how they might enhance exit value.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsOur results suggest that governments enhance value when they provide capital in times/places where capital is scarce and government investors do not actively manage entrepreneurial firms.
IL‐12 minicircle delivery via extracellular vesicles as immunotherapy for bladder cancer
Authors: Wu Zhiyuan , Li Wei , Tan Melissa , How Faith Yuan Xin , Sadhasivan Haripriya , Mahendran Ratha , Wu Qinghui , Chiong Edmund , Le Minh T. N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInterleukin‐12 (IL‐12) holds significant potential in cancer therapy; however, its clinical applicability is hindered by dose‐limiting toxicity. Delivery of the IL‐12 gene directly to tumours for constitutive IL‐12 expression is a possible strategy to enhance its effectiveness while minimizing systemic toxicity. In this study, we investigate the potential of red blood cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (RBCEVs) as a carrier for Il‐12 plasmid delivery. We demonstrate that RBCEVs can be loaded with minicircle plasmid encoding IL‐12 and delivered to MB49 bladder cancer cells for IL‐12 expression. The expression of transgenes from minicircles was significantly higher than from the parental plasmids. RBCEV‐mediated IL‐12 expression stimulated immune responses in mouse splenocytes. Intratumoral delivery of Il‐12 plasmid‐loaded RBCEVs suppressed bladder cancer tumour growth, stimulated immune responses and promoted immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the promising potential of RBCEVs as an effective, safe and redosable nucleic acid drug delivery platform for IL‐12.
Irish GDP since independence
Authors: Kenny Seán 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper constructs annual gross domestic product (GDP) estimates for Ireland (1924–47) to join the first complete official aggregates. The new series is deployed to revisit Ireland's economic performance in the post‐independence decades. Ireland's economy grew at just under 1.5 per cent per annum and average living standards improved by 40 per cent. The bulk of this was due to labour productivity improvements. Starting in 1924 captures the civil war recovery and paints a more positive picture of the 1920s, whilst the traditional narrative of a ‛mild’ Great Depression is upheld. The 1930s recovery was aided by strong contributions from services and industry, whilst the economy contracted by almost 7 per cent during the ‛Emergency’. Though supporting O'Rourke's view that Irish growth was not unique against European peers, the new data provide evidence of stronger convergence against UK regions. Industry contributed most to growth during the period, growing at 3.6 per cent per annum. The equivalent rate for services was 1.3 per cent, though it contributed substantially during recovery periods. Agricultural output hardly changed due to its post‐war contraction. This paper joins a growing number of studies that suggest that Ireland was poorer at independence than previously believed.
Assessment of the Hydraulic Profiling Tool for Lower Permeability Characterization
Authors: Liu Gaisheng , Knobbe Steven 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) has become one of the most widely accepted approaches for obtaining vertical profiles of hydraulic conductivity (K) in environmental site investigations. The current tool, however, is limited to use in moderately permeable settings with a measurable K range of 0.03 to 25 m/d. In this work, we added a low‐flow injection system to standard HPT and modified the field profiling procedure so that it could be used more effectively in lower‐K settings. The modified lower‐K HPT was tested and evaluated against direct‐push slug tests at a field site in the Kansas River floodplain. Results indicated that when the injection rate was reduced, injection pressure decreased, which reduced the potential of injection‐induced formation alteration. A particular challenge of applying HPT in lower‐K zones is the large pressure generated by probe advancement; this can significantly affect the pressure signal measured at the injection screen. Our results showed that the impacts of advancement‐generated pressure could be mitigated by reducing the speed of probe advancement. Compared to K estimates by slug tests, the vertical variability in HPT K was much lower. The reduced variability in HPT K was likely due to formation alteration during probe advancement, as well as pressure interference from injections at previous depths and probe advancement at the bottom. Additional work, such as the use of a smaller‐diameter probe, is needed to further improve the performance of HPT in lower permeability zones.
The impact of headache intensity on speech in participants with migraine and acute post‐traumatic headache
Authors: Smith Dani C. , Zhang Jianwei , Jayasuriya Suren , Berisha Visar , Starling Amaal , Schwedt Todd J. , Chong Catherine D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSlower speaking rates and higher pause rates are found in individuals with migraine or post‐traumatic headache during headache compared to when headache‐free. We aimed to determine whether headache intensity influences the speaking rate and pause rate of participants with migraine or acute post‐traumatic headache (aPTH) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).MethodsUsing a speech elicitation tool, participants with migraine, aPTH, and healthy controls (HC) submitted speech samples over a period of 3 months. Speaking and pause rates were calculated when participants were headache‐free and when they had mild or moderate headache. In this observational study, speaking and pause rates in participants with migraine and aPTH were compared to HC, controlling for age, sex, and days since mTBI (participants with aPTH only).ResultsA total of 2902 longitudinal speech samples from 13 individuals with migraine (mean age = 33.5, SD = 6.6; 12 females/1 male), 43 individuals with aPTH (mean age = 44.4, SD = 13.5; 28 females/15 males), and 56 HC (mean age = 40.8, SD = 13.0; 36 females/20 males) were collected. There was no difference in speaking rate between HC and the combined headache cohort of participants (migraine and aPTH) when they had headache freedom or a mild headache. When participants had moderate intensity headache, their speaking rate was significantly slower compared to that of HC and compared to their speaking rate during mild headache intensity or headache freedom. For the combined headache cohort of participants, pause rates were significantly higher when they had headache freedom or had a headache of mild or moderate intensity relative to HC. Compared to participants' pause rate during headache freedom, their pause rate was significantly higher during mild and moderate headache intensity. Participants with aPTH had significantly slower speaking rates compared to participants with migraine during headache freedom, mild headache intensity, and moderate headache intensity. Participants with aPTH had significantly higher pause rates compared to participants with migraine when experiencing moderate headache intensity.DiscussionFor both aPTH and migraine, more severe headache pain was associated with higher pause rates and slower speaking rates, suggesting that speaking rate and pause rate could serve as objective biomarkers for headache‐related pain. Slower speaking rate in participants with aPTH could reflect additional consequences of TBI‐related effects on motor control and speech production.
Physical Health Checks and Follow‐Up Care in Deprived and Ethnically Diverse People With Severe Mental Illness: Co‐Designed Recommendations for Better Care
Authors: Joury Easter , Beveridge Edward , Littlejohns Judith , Burns Angela , Copsey Gemma , Philips Justin , Begum Shanaz , Shiers David , Chew‐Graham Carolyn , Klass Charlotte , Chin Jackie 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is wide variation in premature mortality rates in adults with severe mental illness (SMI) across London, with Tower Hamlets (a highly deprived and ethnically diverse area) scoring the highest.ObjectiveTo identify examples of best practice and co‐design recommendations for improving physical health checks and follow‐up care amongst people with SMI in Tower Hamlets.MethodsData were collected through online questionnaires (using SMI physical health best practice checklists), one‐on‐one interviews (n = 7) and focus groups (n = 3) with general practices, secondary mental health services, commissioners and leads of community services and public health programmes, experts by experience and community, voluntary and social enterprise organisations in Tower Hamlets. Data were analysed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis.ResultsTwenty‐two participants representing 15 general practices (out of 32), secondary mental health services, commissioners and public health leads completed the online questionnaires. Twenty‐one participants took part in interviews and focus groups. Examples of best practice included cleaning and validating the SMI register regularly by general practices, knowing the number of patients who had been offered and/or received physical health checks, having clear pathways to community and specialist care services, using various communication methods and having a key performance indicator (KPI) for tailored smoking cessation services for people with SMI. Recommendations included adopting evidence‐informed frameworks for risk stratification and utilising the wider primary care workforce with specific training to follow up on results, offer interventions and support navigating pathways and taking up follow‐up care. Incentivising schemes were needed to deliver additional physical health check components such as oral health, cancer screening, Covid‐19 vaccination and sexual health checks. Including KPIs in other community services' specifications with reference to SMI people was warranted. Further engagement with experts by experience and staff training were needed.ConclusionThe present initiative identified best practice examples and co‐designed recommendations for improving physical health checks and follow‐up care in deprived and ethnically diverse people with SMI.Patient or Public ContributionThis initiative was supported by three experts with experience, and two community organisations, who were involved in data curation and interpretation, development of recommendations and/or dissemination activities including writing this manuscript.
Plasticity in older infants' perception of phonetic contrasts: The role of selective attention in context
Authors: Panneton Robin , Ostroff Wendy L. , Bhullar Naureen , Netto Madeline 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDevelopmental plasticity refers to conditions and circumstances that increase phenotypic variability. In infancy, plasticity expands and contracts depending on domains of functioning, developmental history, and timing. In terms of language processing, infants attend to and discriminate both native and non‐native phonetic contrasts, but selectively attune to their native phonemes by the end of the first postnatal year. However, relevant studies have excluded factors regarded as promoters of attention such as infant‐directed (ID) speech, synchronous multimodal presentations, and female speakers. Here we investigated whether English‐learning 11‐month‐olds would discriminate a non‐native phonetic contrast while manipulating these factors. Results showed significant discrimination of the non‐native contrast, regardless of speech register, provided that they were presented by a dynamic female speaker. Interestingly, when a static object or a dynamic male ID speaker replaced the female, no significant discrimination was found. These results show infants to be capable of discriminating non‐native phonetic contrasts in an enhanced context at an age when they have been characterized as not being able to do so. Synchronized, multimodal information from female speakers allowed infants to perceive difficult non‐native phonemes, highlighting the importance of an ecologically valid context for studying speech perception and language learning in early development.
The wettability of pure liquid aluminum on oxide substrates
Authors: Wei Xingwen , Fankhänel Beate , Zhao Wei , Perminov Anton , Storti Enrico , Liu Mengke , Ma Guojun , Fabrichnaya Olga , Charitos Alexandros , Volkova Olena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOxide particles are considered to be one of the reasons for the stability of cellular porous Al foam. Thus, the contact angle (ө) of molten pure aluminum on oxide substrates, including Al2O3, CaO·2Al2O3 (CA2), CaO·6Al2O3 (CA6), mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2), and SiO2 was measured in a vacuum heating microscope at a temperature of 950°C to determine the value of wettability of molten aluminum on various oxides. Thereafter, the measured contact angles followed the tendency as mullite (155°) > CA6 (152°) > MgAl2O4 (151°) > Al2O3 (149°) > SiO2 (124°) > CA2 (100°). Furthermore, the cross‐sectional area between molten aluminum and substrates was thoroughly analyzed, and the reaction products, such as the Al2O3 layer at the interface, have been detected. Thermo‐Calc, with the combination of available databases, was used to perform thermodynamic simulations and to discuss and predict possible reactions under the current experimental conditions.