bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive modeling of dielectric properties in crosslinked polyphenylene oxide systems: Molecular dynamics simulations and experimental validation
Authors: Wu Xiaowei , Fang Zeming , Zhu Xiaotao , Luo Cheng , Li Dan , Liu Qianfa , Xue Ke , Wang Ke 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn high‐frequency applications such as 5G‐6G communication, internet of things, automotive radar, and automated driver‐assistance systems, substrate materials excel as insulating layers owing to their superior dielectric properties. However, traditional methods for material development are often laborious and costly. To overcome these limitations, we employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict the dielectric properties of these materials at frequencies exceeding 107 Hz. Specifically, we selected thermosetting polyphenylene oxide (m‐PPO) as the resin matrix and combined it with three crosslinking agents, respectively: triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, and trimethylallyl isocyanurate. Our overarching goal is to provide comprehensive insights into the development and enhancement of materials critical for high‐frequency electronic devices. We anticipate that this methodology will be widely adopted for the development of advanced substrate materials across various applications, with the objective of effectively screening crosslinkers.Highlights
Developed a simulation method to efficiently explore material scenarios for high‐frequency applications.
Studied the dielectric properties of m‐PPO combined with three crosslinking agents at high frequencies.
Successfully predicted dielectric properties using MD simulations.
Macromolecular architecture effect of dioctyl fumarate‐co‐styrene on the properties of modified asphalts
Authors: Gatti Tomas Gomez , Costantino M. Leticia Bravi , Fracassi Luciana , Larsen Diego , Padró Juan Manuel , Cortizo M. Susana , Oberti Tamara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, new statistical copolymers made from dioctyl fumarate (DOF) and styrene (S) with different architectures (linear or branched) were synthesized to assess the impact of this macromolecular characteristic on the modification of Argentine asphalt. Modified asphalts (MA) exhibited good compatibility without evidence of oxidative effect during their manufacturing, as confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy assays. The incorporation of copolymers led to an improvement in the basic properties of the MA, and this showed a higher viscosity compared to the base asphalt, with the effect being more pronounced in the MA containing branched copolymer. The last sample exhibits the lowest thermal susceptibility, as determined from the analysis of activation energies.Highlights
New linear and branched copolymers were synthesized using fumaric and styrene monomers.
Monomers randomly alternate in copolymer chains.
No oxidation during asphalt modification and the polymers are stable.
Incorporating branched copolymer doubles asphalt's elastic recovery.
Asphalt modified with the branched copolymer exhibits reduced thermal susceptibility.
A new kid on the block: The stratification pattern for space‐filling, with dimension by weight tables
Authors: Grömping Ulrike 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDesigns for computer experiments in quantitative factors use columns with many levels. Filling the experimental space is their most important property, and there are many criteria that assess aspects of space‐filling. Recently, Tian and Xu proposed a stratification pattern for assessing the stratification‐related space‐filling properties of designs for quantitative experimental variables whose number of levels is a power of a – usually small – integer. Such designs have been named GSOAs, in generalization of the earlier proposal of strong – or stratum – orthogonal arrays (SOAs). Latin hypercube designs (LHDs) with a suitable number of levels are special cases of GSOAs. Tian and Xu proposed to use the stratification pattern as a means to ranking (G)SOAs. They reported a small simulation study in which arrays that fared well in that ranking performed well in predicting an unknown function. Shi and Xu refined the criterion and also demonstrated success of a design that fares well on their refined criterion. This paper explains the ideas behind the stratification pattern and the related ranking criteria. A practical example and several toy examples aid the illustration. The stratification pattern can be calculated using the R package SOAs, which does not only provide the pattern itself but also provides more detail in a dimension by weight table, in the spirit of the refinement by Shi and Xu.
Heavy‐Metal Ions Removal and Iodine Capture by Terpyridine Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Wang Huai‐Zhen , Chan Michael Ho‐Yeung , Yam Vivian Wing‐Wah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPorous materials are excellent candidates for water remediation in environmental issues. However, it is still a key challenge to design efficient adsorbents for rapid water purification from various heavy metal ions‐contaminated wastewater in one step. Here, two robust nitrogen‐rich covalent organic frameworks (COFs) bearing terpyridine units on the pore walls by a “bottom‐up” strategy are reported. Benefitting from the strong chelation interaction between the terpyridine units and various heavy metal ions, these two terpyridine COFs show excellent removal efficiency and capability for Pb2+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Ag+, Cd2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ from water. These COFs are shown to remove such heavy metal ions with >90% of contents at one time after the aqueous metal ions mixture is passed through the COF filter. The nitrogen‐rich features of the COFs also endow them with the capability of capturing iodine vapors, offering the terpyridine COFs the potential for environmental remediation applications.
Numerical study of aphron drilling crosser fluids coating layer incorporated blood with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles injected in esophagus
Authors: Akbar Noreen Sher , Hussain M. Fiaz , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to explore a novel cross model for peristaltic flow, which has not been previously addressed. The focus is on investigating the peristaltic flow of an incompressible nanofluid within a vertically uniform channel. The current model has application in drug delivery, biomedical engineering, lab on chip etc. Utilizing peristaltic flow for drug delivery systems in symmetric channels offers precise control over fluid motion, non‐Newtonian fluids, such as polymer solutions used in drug formulations, exhibit complex flow behavior that can be manipulated through peristaltic pumping mechanisms. This application has the potential to revolutionize targeted drug delivery, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects. Studying peristaltic flow in symmetric channels for non‐Newtonian fluids offers interdisciplinary insights and innovative applications. Understanding fluid rheology, channel geometry, and peristaltic pumping can lead to novel strategies for fluid control, with implications for healthcare, biotechnology, and materials science advancements. To simplify the complex system of nonlinear partial differential equations governing the flow, we consider long wavelengths and low Reynolds numbers. Subsequently, we employ Shooting methods to solve this system of equations, providing a comprehensive evaluation of the numerical results for key parameters such as velocity, temperature, concentration, and pressure gradient. The findings are presented through graphical representations of significant flow parameters.
Latour for Semiotics
Authors: Peverini Paolo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAfter highlighting the role played by the theory of signification in the development of an original research project aimed at exploring the paradoxes of a modernity that stubbornly strives to reaffirm the separation between nature and culture, denying the existence of those hybrids that it itself is unable to curb, it is now possible to change perspective, reversing the point of view assumed so far, focusing attention on the impact exerted by Latour’s work on contemporary semiotic research. There are at least three areas in which the dialogue outlined in the previous chapters appears most intense and potentially fruitful. A first area of study concerns the debate around an extended theory of enunciation, developed in parallel with the broadening of the phenomena of signification explored by contemporary semiotic research. A second direction starts from overcoming the nature/culture dichotomy and revolves around rethinking the relationship between semiotics and cultural anthropology, recognising the need to investigate the different modes of existence at play in contemporary phenomena by considering notions such as multinaturalism and internaturality. The third, finally, takes shape from the need to account for the sociosemiotic dimension inherent in artefacts, in their design, in the practices of their use, also in reference to the emerging signals of a new society of smart devices, marked by the irruption of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, technical and social innovations enabled by increasingly extensive, complex, and pervasive networks of hybrid agents.
Avoiding the Shoals - A New Approach to Liveness Checking
Authors: Xia Yechuan , Cimatti Alessandro , Griggio Alberto , Li Jianwen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present , a new SAT-based model-checking algorithm for the verification of liveness properties of finite-state symbolic transition systems. Like other recent approaches, works by reducing liveness checking to a sequence of safety checks. Similarly to , it incrementally strengthens the input system using constraints obtained by refuting candidate counterexamples to the input liveness property, assumed (w.l.o.g.) to be of the form FGq. Differently from (and crucially), however, instead of directly searching for lasso-shaped counterexamples visiting $$\lnot q$$

¬
q

infinitely-often, searches for counterexamples incrementally, via a recursive chain of safety checks, each of which tries to determine whether it is possible to reach a $$\lnot q$$

¬
q

-state from a given $$\lnot q$$

¬
q

-state (which was previously determined to be reachable), in a manner similar to . When the current candidate counterexample is refuted, exploits the inductive invariants generated by the (recursive) safety checks to restrict the search space, until either no more reachable $$\lnot q$$

¬
q

-states remain, or a real lasso-shaped counterexample is found.In this paper, we describe in detail, prove its soundness and completeness, and compare it against the state of the art both theoretically and empirically. Our experimental results show that our implementation of outperforms state-of-the-art implementations of , and other SAT-based liveness checking algorithms on a wide range of benchmarks from the literature.
Loops in de Sitter space
Authors: Cacciatori Sergio L. , Epstein Henri , Moschella Ugo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We discuss general one and two-loops banana diagrams with arbitrary masses on the de Sitter spacetime by using direct methods of dS quantum field theory in the dimensional regularization approach. In the one-loop case we also compute the effective potential for an O(N) model in d = 4 dimension as an explicit function of the cosmological constant Λ, both exactly and perturbatively up to order Λ. For the two-loop case we show that the calculation is made easy thanks to a remarkable Källén-Lehmann formula that has been in the literature for a while. We discuss the divergent cases at d = 3 using a contiguity formula for generalized hypergeometric functions and we extract the dominant term at d = 4 proving a general formula to deal with a divergent hypergeometric series.
Metabolic flexibility and resting autonomic function in active menopausal women
Authors: Monferrer-Marín Jordi , Roldán Ainoa , Helge Jørn Wulff , Blasco-Lafarga Cristina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The present study aims to analyze the relationship between cardiac autonomic control at rest—i.e., baseline Heart Rate Variability (HRV)—and metabolic flexibility assessed by means of the FATox and CHOox oxidation rates at the intensities of maximum fat and carbohydrate oxidation (MFO and MCO, respectively).

Methods
Twenty-four active over-60 women (66.8 ± 4.4 years) had their HRV assessed with 10 min recordings under resting conditions, and this was analyzed with Kubios Scientific software. After this, an incremental submaximal cycling test, starting at 30 watts, with increments of 10 watts every 3 min 15 s was performed. FATox and CHOox were calculated in the last 60 s at each step, using Frayn’s equation. MFO and MCO were further obtained.

Results
Nonlinear SampEn and 1-DFAα1 (Detrending Fluctuation Analysis score) at rest were both moderate and significantly (p < 0.05) related to FATox (r = 0.43, r = −0.40) and CHOox (r = −0.59, r = 0.41), as well as RER (r = −0.43, r = 0.43) at FATmax intensity. At the MCO intensity, no association was observed between HRV and oxidation rates. However, DFAα1 (r = −0.63, p < 0.05), the frequency ratio LF/HF (r = −0.63, p < 0.05), and the Poincaré ratio SD1/SD2 (r = 0.48, p < 0.05) were correlated with blood lactate concentration.

Conclusion
These results support the autonomic resources hypothesis, suggesting that better autonomic function at rest is related to enhanced metabolic flexibility in postmenopausal women. They also underpin a comprehensive analysis of cardiovascular-autonomic health with aging. The results imply that non-linear DFAα1 and SampEn are appropriate to analyze this association in health of the aging cardiovascular-autonomic system.

Graphical Abstract
Extra-pair paternity and sperm length variation in a far northern Great Tit (Parus major) population
Authors: Kleven Oddmund , Østnes Jan Eivind , Rudolfsen Geir , Schindler Sonja , Schmoll Tim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Extra-pair paternity is common among socially monogamous bird species and considered an important driver of post-copulatory sexual selection on ejaculate traits including sperm traits. Patterns of extra-pair paternity and sperm size both show substantial variation among populations, yet we know little about the expression of these key reproductive traits at high latitudes. Here we report patterns of extra-pair paternity and describe variation in sperm dimensions in a Norwegian population of the socially monogamous Great Tit (Parus major) breeding beyond the polar circle at 69° northern latitude. Across six study years, we detected extra-pair paternity in 19.2% of 26 broods, and on average 4.7% of nestlings per brood were extra-pair offspring. As expected from results of previous intraspecific analyses of latitudinal variation in extra-pair paternity rates, the observed rate of extra-pair offspring was low in comparison to published estimates from more southern Great Tit populations (range: 2.9 − 20.4%). Our results therefore support a pattern of decreasing levels of extra-pair paternity with increasing latitude in this species also for extremely high latitudes. Overall mean sperm total length amounted to 97.5 ± 0.6 (SE) μm and 30.6% of the total phenotypic variation in sperm total length was explained by differences among sperm samples. The among-sample coefficient of variation in mean sperm total length per sample was 1.93%. Using previous comparative work as a yardstick, this value is substantially lower than expected for the observed frequency of 4.7% extra-pair offspring.
Climate change vulnerability assessment of Karşıyaka, İzmir
Authors: Cangüzel Aybüke , Coşkun Hepcan Çiğdem 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCities are among the systems with the highest vulnerability to climate change impacts. These impacts greatly affect the population and physical infrastructure of the cities. Vulnerability assessment plays a significant role in identifying vulnerable areas to climate change in the city and developing adaptation solutions for these areas. This study aimed to determine and map the vulnerability level of Karşıyaka, İzmir on watershed scale to climate change hazards, high temperature, flood and sea level rise by using indicator based approach. In this context an indicator set was developed for each vulnerability component, exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, taking into account socio-economic, physical and ecological characteristics of the watershed, and then vulnerability was determined by calculations at the neighborhood scale. The results showed that urban areas in the inland had high exposure and sensitivity to. heat related hazards while coastal areas had high exposure and sensitivity to water related climate hazards. Almost two thirds of the residents lived under the risk of urban floods and extreme heat. The findings also indicated that sensitivity is lower on the inner parts of the study region where population density is low. Furthermore, coastal areas had the highest vulnerability even though they had high adaptive capacity. The findings are expected to be a useful tool for decision makers in increasing climate resilience and adaptive capacity.
The inefficiency of courts of justice: industry structure, capacity and misallocation
Authors: Peyrache Antonio , Zago Angelo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce an optimization model to quantify the trade-off between resource capacity utilization and disposition time for the caseload of courts of justice. The optimization model takes into account the impact of an increase in demand that may arise when disposition time is reduced. We employ the model to measure the impact of various policy reform scenarios on the length of trials, both at the court and system level. We do so by taking into account the potential reallocation of resources, using the population of Italian courts of justice over the 2005–2012 period. Our results show that if all policy scenarios we discuss were to be implemented, the average length of trials for civil cases would be more than halved, from the current 15.5 months to about 7 months. Implementing best practices, the single most effective policy would be equivalent to a 25% increase in the number of judges (which would otherwise cost around 100 million euros per year).
An inorganic-organic hybrid CQDs@PVP lubricant additive: Achieving low friction and wear in PEG and water
Authors: Yang Tao , Wang Xiaozhen , Liu Huanchen , Zhao Qin , Gong Kuiliang , Li Weimin , Liang Yongmin , Wang Xiaobo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh-temperature lubrication has always been a hot topic in the lubricant and grease industry, and is also an essential concern in the high-end equipment sector to be addressed. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are an emerging material widely applied in the field of lubrication, owing to their exceptional lubricity and high load-bearing capacity. However, the vulnerability of CQDs to oxidation in air and reduced stability dramatically restrict their high-temperature application capability. In this study, a nanocomposite of amphiphilic polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) homopolymer with excellent lubricating properties and thermal stability, which is hydrogen bonded to CQDs (CQDs@PVP), was designed to achieve low friction and wear of lubricants at high temperatures. The CQDs@PVP are consistently dispersed in both PEG400 and water, and exhibit superior lubricity compared to unmodified CQDs at high temperatures (ranging from 200–150 °C and 90.50 °C). Meanwhile, the dense carbon film on the wear surface and the chemically reactive film of iron compounds directly contribute to the enhanced lubrication performance. These analytical results demonstrate the powerful candidacy of CQDs@PVP as a lubrication additive and promote future high-temperature applications of CQDs in industrial production.
Ultra-Stable Sodium-Ion Battery Enabled by All-Solid-State Ferroelectric-Engineered Composite Electrolytes
Authors: Wang Yumei , Wang Zhongting , Xu Xiaoyu , Oh Sam Jin An , Sun Jianguo , Zheng Feng , Lu Xiao , Xu Chaohe , Yan Binggong , Huang Guangsheng , Lu Li 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSymmetric Na-ion cells using the NASICON-structured electrodes could simplify the manufacturing process, reduce the cost, facilitate the recycling post-process, and thus attractive in the field of large-scale stationary energy storage. However, the long-term cycling performance of such batteries is usually poor. This investigation reveals the unavoidable side reactions between the NASICON-type Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) anode and the commercial liquid electrolyte, leading to serious capacity fading in the symmetric NVP//NVP cells. To resolve this issue, an all-solid-state composite electrolyte is used to replace the liquid electrolyte so that to overcome the side reaction and achieve high anode/electrolyte interfacial stability. The ferroelectric engineering could further improve the interfacial ion conduction, effectively reducing the electrode/electrolyte interfacial resistances. The NVP//NVP cell using the ferroelectric-engineered composite electrolyte can achieve a capacity retention of 86.4% after 650 cycles. Furthermore, the electrolyte can also be used to match the Prussian-blue cathode NaxFeyFe(CN)6−z·nH2O (NFFCN). Outstanding long-term cycling stability has been obtained in the all-solid-state NVP//NFFCN cell over 9000 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g−1, with a fading rate as low as 0.005% per cycle.
Introducing a comprehensive methodology for optimizing the mass of realistic roofing structural systems using cold-formed steel profiles
Authors: Fruet Gustavo , Miguel Letícia Fleck Fadel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to introduce a comprehensive methodology for optimizing complete real structural systems for roofs involving trusses, purlins, and bracing systems jointly, taking into account realistic loads and constraints dictated by technical codes, thereby offering a more accurate representation of practical scenarios. The objective is to achieve the minimum mass through size, shape, and topology optimization of both the main truss and purlin structural subsystems. To achieve this goal, the Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) algorithm is implemented. An example of a realistic case, which takes into account multiple actual constraints such as stress, displacement, buckling, and natural frequency limits, is thoroughly evaluated. After that, 144 other interactions among dimensions of the building and loads applied are simulated, and the mass of the system is obtained for each one of them. The results indicated that the graphs generated from the various simulations allow for the determination of the optimized mass for different building dimensions. Consequently, the cost and raw material consumption can be estimated for common applications. Therefore, it is concluded that this work presents a significant contribution to structural designers, as the proposed methodology enables structural optimization quickly and easily for practical engineers.
Cross‐Scale Energy Transfer From Ion‐Scale to Electron‐Scale Waves in the Earth's Foreshock Region
Authors: Chen Rui , Gao Xinliang , Yang Zhongwei , Lu Quanming , Kong Zhenyu , Ma Jiuqi , Ke Yangguang , Wang Chi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCross‐scale energy transfer is a fundamental problem in plasma physics but is poorly understood. Based on Magnetospheric Multiscale satellite (MMS) data, we present the evidence of the energy transfer between ion‐scale and electron‐scale waves in the Earth's foreshock region. Low‐frequency fast‐magnetosonic waves (LFWs, ∼0.2 Hz; ion‐gyration scales) are observed in the solar wind upstream of the Earth's bow shock. Due to the magnetic compression of LFWs, suprathermal electrons (∼10–100s eV) are adiabatically heated in the perpendicular direction, which leads to the high anisotropy in the high‐magnetic‐field region. Then high‐frequency whistler mode waves (HFWs, 0.1–0.5 fce; electron‐gyration scales) are excited by those anisotropic electrons through cyclotron resonance. Therefore, this study reveals how energy is transported from LFWs to HFWs, suggesting that wave‐particle interactions have played a key role in cross‐scale energy transfer in collisionless plasmas.