bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GC–MS validation and analysis of targeted plasma metabolites related to carbonyl stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Bora Sushmita , Adole Prashant Shankarrao , Vinod Kolar Vishwanath , Pillai Ajith Ananthakrishna , Ahmed Shaheer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMethylglyoxal (MG) is responsible for advanced glycation end‐product formation, the mechanisms leading to diabetes pathogenesis and complications like acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Sugar metabolites, amino acids and fatty acids are possible substrates for MG. The study aimed to measure plasma MG substrate levels using a validated gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method and explore their association with ACS risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study included 150 T2DM patients with ACS as cases and 150 T2DM without ACS as controls for the analysis of glucose, fructose, ribulose, sorbitol, glycerol, pyruvate, lactate, glycine, serine, threonine, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0 and C22:6 by GC–MS. Validated GC–MS methods were accurate, precise and sensitive. Cases significantly differed in plasma MG and metabolite levels except for lactate, C16:0, C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 levels compared with controls. On multivariable logistic regression, plasma C20:0, C18:1, glycine and glycerol levels had increased odds of ACS risk. On multivariate receiver operating characteristic analysis, a model containing plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, serine, glycerol, lactate and threonine levels had the highest area under the curve value (0.932) for ACS diagnosis. In conclusion, plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, glycine, glycerol and sorbitol levels were associated with ACS risk in T2DM.
Assessment value of interleukin‐6, procalcitonin, and C‐reactive protein early kinetics for initial antibiotic efficacy in patients with febrile neutropenia: A prospective study
Authors: Zheng Haifeng , Luo Zimian , Yi Yafei , Liu Kang , Huo Zhongjun , You Yaqin , Li Hujiao , Tang Min 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to investigate the early kinetics of interleukin 6 (IL‐6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) on initial antibiotic efficacy in hematological disorder patients with febrile neutropenia (FN).MethodsA total of 40 patients with 43 episodes of FN were enrolled and divided into initial antibiotic effective group (IAE group, n = 24) and initial antibiotic ineffective group (IAI group, n = 19). The levels of IL‐6, PCT, and CRP before antibacterial treatment (T0), and 12 h (T1), 24 h (T2), 48 h (T3), and 72 h (T4) post‐antibacterial treatment were determined, respectively. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical value of indicators.ResultsIn IAE group, the IL‐6 levels gradually decreased from T0 to T4, and the CRP levels significantly decreased at 48 to 72 h, whereas both IL‐6 and CRP remained at high levels in the IAI group. The PCT levels in both groups increased at the early stage of anti‐infection (T1–T2) and reached to peak at T1–T2 in effective group. ROC curve analysis identified IL‐6 as a predictive biomarker for initial antibiotic efficacy at 12, 48, and 72 h after treatment, with the AUC of 0.698, 0.744, and 0.821, respectively. In addition, CRP demonstrated predictive ability of initial antibiotics against infection at 24, 48, and 72 h after therapy, with the AUC of 0.724, 0.741, and 0.797, respectively. ROC curve analysis of percentage changes demonstrated that IL‐6 percentage change showed predictive ability of antibiotic efficacy at the early stage, and both the IL‐6 and CRP percentage changes showed the predictive ability of antibiotic efficacy 48 or 72 h after antibiotics therapy.ConclusionThis study confirmed IL‐6 and CRP levels, and the percentage change in IL‐6 as the biomarkers for initial antibiotic efficacy prediction in hematological disorder patients with FN.
Multidisciplinary management of immunotherapy‐related adverse events in solid tumors: An inter‐institutional and telemedicine‐based working team
Authors: Iaculli Alessandro , Ghidini Michele , Locati Francesco , Chiappa Laura , Nastasi Giuseppe , Fasola Gianpiero , Grossi Francesco , Garrone Ornella , Tozzi Valeria D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show a more favorable toxicity profile than classical cytotoxic drugs, their mechanism of action is responsible for peculiar new toxicities. There is an urgent need for a multidisciplinary approach to advice on how to manage organ‐specific toxicities.MethodsOur project aims to integrate the practices of two different hospitals into a single Italian regional collaborative model to treat immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). The team structure is a multi‐professional and multidisciplinary cooperative network that consists of different medical specialists. The team referrer is the medical oncologist and an existing telematic platform is used for specialists' cooperation. The leading oncologist first evaluates patients' clinical condition, therefore team intervention and teleconsultation are planned to activate proper management. After a first phase structured for general setting, outcomes analysis, data collection, and identification of critical issues, it is planned to define appropriate key performance indicators (KPIs) in quality, structure, process, and outcome settings. Therefore, a second phase would serve to implement KPIs. In the third phase, the proposal for the enlargement of the network with the extension to more centers in the context of the Regional Health Service will be performed.DiscussionThe multidisciplinary management of irAEs based on telemedicine fits into the debate on the renewal of healthcare systems and the push for change toward multidisciplinary with the rising use of telemedicine. To our knowledge, this is the first project reporting a multi‐institutional experience for change of service in irAEs management.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Different Monofloral and Polyfloral Brazilian Honey Extracts
Authors: Wisniewski Julie , Hacke Ana Carolina Mendes , Mazer Etto Rafael , Boligon Aline Augusti , Takeda Inês , Marques Jacqueline Aparecida , Pereira Romaiana Picada 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of phenolic extracts from monofloral and polyfloral honey samples obtained from different Brazilian regions. The chemical composition (total content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids) of extracts were measured by using colorimetric assays and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC‐DAD). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by chemical and biochemical assays (reducing power assay, 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH⋅) and 2,2‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic) acid (ABTS⋅+) scavenger assays. It was also investigated the ability of extracts in attenuate lipid peroxidation induced by Fe2+ in phospholipids. The obtained results clearly demonstrated that the botanical origin and geographical region of honey collection influenced the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts. Furthermore, the samples were constituted by phenolic acids and flavonoids, which p‐coumaric acid was predominant among the compounds identified. All samples were able to scavenge free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation, and good correlations were obtained between the flavonoid content and honey color. In conclusion, the obtained extracts were constituted by antioxidant compounds, which reinforce the usage of honey in human diets, and demonstrated that the region of honey collection strong influenced in the chemical composition and, consequently, its biological effect.
Left‐sided infective endocarditis presenting with pulmonary involvement and liver abscess: A case report
Authors: Basiri Reza , Shazdehahmadi Safieh , Boskabadi Amir Reza 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageInfective endocarditis is an important differential diagnosis in patients with persistent fever and chills not responding to antibiotics and involvement of multiple organs. It can present without any specific signs such as valvular murmurs and no growth on blood cultures. Therefore, considering an echocardiography can be crucial and helpful in establishing the diagnosis.AbstractInfective endocarditis (IE), a rare disease with high mortality, arises from microbial infection affecting the heart valves and endocardium. It exhibits diverse symptoms and can involve various organs, including the brain, lungs, spleen, and liver. Diagnosis is often intricate due to its polymorphic nature, and negative blood cultures can add complexity to the diagnostic process. In this report, we present an unusual case of IE in a 53‐year‐old male farmer with multi‐organ involvement, including liver abscesses and pulmonary infiltration with cavities. Echocardiography showed a nodular mass attached to his bicuspid aortic valve, thus, playing a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis. This atypical manifestation highlights the necessity for increased clinical vigilance and further research to improve diagnostic approaches for uncommon IE cases.
Optical Genome Mapping for Applications in Repeat Expansion Disorders
Authors: van der Sanden Bart , Neveling Kornelia , Pang Andy Wing Chun , Shukor Syukri , Gallagher Michael D. , Burke Stephanie L. , Kamsteeg Erik‐Jan , Hastie Alex , Hoischen Alexander 
Published: July 2024

AbstractShort tandem repeat (STR) expansions are associated with more than 60 genetic disorders. The size and stability of these expansions correlate with the severity and age of onset of the disease. Therefore, being able to accurately detect the absolute length of STRs is important. Current diagnostic assays include laborious lab experiments, including repeat‐primed PCR and Southern blotting, that still cannot precisely determine the exact length of very long repeat expansions. Optical genome mapping (OGM) is a cost‐effective and easy‐to‐use alternative to traditional cytogenetic techniques and allows the comprehensive detection of chromosomal aberrations and structural variants >500 bp in length, including insertions, deletions, duplications, inversions, translocations, and copy number variants. Here, we provide methodological guidance for preparing samples and performing OGM as well as running the analysis pipelines and using the specific repeat expansion workflows to determine the exact repeat length of repeat expansions expanded beyond 500 bp. Together these protocols provide all details needed to analyze the length and stability of any repeat expansion with an expected repeat size difference from the expected wild‐type allele of >500 bp. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Genomic ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight DNA isolation, labeling, and stainingBasic Protocol 2: Data generation and genome mapping using the Bionano Saphyr® SystemBasic Protocol 3: Manual De Novo Assembly workflowBasic Protocol 4: Local guided assembly workflowBasic Protocol 5: EnFocus Fragile X workflowBasic Protocol 6: Molecule distance script workflow
Topology and modulation improvement of a dual‐output DC‐DC converter in order to minimize the output ports dependence
Authors: Farhadi‐Kangarlu Mohammad , Khiavi Abdolhamid Moallemi , Neyshabouri Yousef 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSingle‐input multioutput (SIMO) DC‐DC converters are used to provide several DC voltages in systems that require different voltage levels. In this paper, a modified single‐input double‐output (SIDO) boost DC‐DC converter is proposed with reduced coupling of the output ports voltages. Also, the switching sequence is selected in a way that the coupling of the output ports is minimized. In the proposed SIDO converter, only two active switches are used and the passive elements requirement is low while the input current ripple is reduced in comparison with the comparable converters. Moreover, it has higher efficiency and requires lower rated power semiconductor devices. The common‐emitter arrangement of the switches makes the driver circuit of the switches to be simple and cost effective. The converter is designed to provide two nonisolated series output ports that can be used, for example, in photovoltaic (PV) energy systems. The large‐signal modeling and design procedure of the proposed converter is presented in details. The experimental results of a 300‐W prototype are presented to verify the performance of the proposed converter.
Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of flyback switching power supply
Authors: Tang Shengxue , Tan Liqiang , Cheng Lixiang , Wang Weiwei , Wang Hongfan , Zhao Jinze 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a fault diagnosis method for flyback switching power supply. The proposed method integrates input current and output voltage information to improve fault diagnosis accuracy. The flyback switching power supply's signal characteristics and fault separability are analyzed. Time domain features and frequency band wavelet packet dispersion entropy features are constructed to form multidimensional feature vectors that fuse time and frequency information, which enhances fault separability. Then, the MIV algorithm is used to screen the features to reduce the redundant information. Additionally, the diagnostic method of the NGO‐SVM model is proposed to optimize the multiclass SVM model by using NGO to improve the diagnosis model generalization performance. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper has good diagnostic effect for both single and multiple faults, and the diagnostic accuracy is up to 98.3% under ideal conditions, and up to 96.8% in the presence of noise interference.
Endogenous bystander killing mechanisms enhance the activity of novel FAP‐specific CAR‐T cells against glioblastoma
Authors: Yu Wenbo , Truong Nga TH , Polara Ruhi , Gargett Tessa , Tea Melinda N , Pitson Stuart M , Cockshell Michaelia P , Bonder Claudine S , Ebert Lisa M , Brown Michael P 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesCAR‐T cells are being investigated as a novel immunotherapy for glioblastoma, but clinical success has been limited. We recently described fibroblast activation protein (FAP) as an ideal target antigen for glioblastoma immunotherapy, with expression on both tumor cells and tumor blood vessels. However, CAR‐T cells targeting FAP have never been investigated as a therapy for glioblastoma.MethodsWe generated a novel FAP targeting CAR with CD3ζ and CD28 signalling domains and tested the resulting CAR‐T cells for their lytic activity and cytokine secretion function in vitro (using real‐time impedance, flow cytometry, imaging and bead‐based cytokine assays), and in vivo (using a xenograft mimicking the natural heterogeneity of human glioblastoma).ResultsFAP‐CAR‐T cells exhibited target specificity against model cell lines and potent cytotoxicity against patient‐derived glioma neural stem cells, even when only a subpopulation expressed FAP, indicating a bystander killing mechanism. Using co‐culture assays, we confirmed FAP‐CAR‐T cells mediate bystander killing of antigen‐negative tumor cells, but only after activation by FAP‐positive target cells. This bystander killing was at least partially mediated by soluble factors and amplified by IL‐2 which activated the non‐transduced fraction of the CAR‐T product. Finally, a low dose of intravenously administered FAP‐CAR‐T cells controlled, without overt toxicity, the growth of subcutaneous tumors created using a mixture of antigen‐negative and antigen‐positive glioblastoma cells.ConclusionsOur findings advance FAP as a leading candidate for clinical CAR‐T therapy of glioblastoma and highlight under‐recognised antigen nonspecific mechanisms that may contribute meaningfully to the antitumor activity of CAR‐T cells.
A novel method of reliable data transmission for Internet of Vehicles based on crowd sensing strategy
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhang Degan , Zhang Ping , Zhang Jie , Tian Shuhua 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a hot research topic in intelligent transportation, and the research on new methods of intelligent data transmission is one of the key contents. Aiming at the application scenario of urban air quality monitoring data collection and transmission based on IoV, a new reliable data transmission method (Vehicular Grouping‐Communicated Data [VGCD]) based on crowd sensing strategy is proposed. This method is designed to utilize the intelligent perception and collaborative monitoring of vehicle to collect data, avoiding redundancy and overload of information; a reliable data transmission minimum delay hybrid routing method is proposed in the data transmission part, which combines encoding mechanism with routing design, integrates routing switching ideas, predicts vehicle adaptive connectivity based on fuzzy logic, and makes probability based routing decisions to minimize delay, achieving reliable and efficient data collection and transmission. The proposed new method has important theoretical significance and practical value for various applications such as dynamic remote perception monitoring based on the IoV in intelligent transportation.
Characteristics and outcome of hospitalized patients with heart failure stratified for chronic kidney disease
Authors: König Sebastian , Pellissier Vincent , Hohenstein Sven , Leiner Johannes , Schanner Carolin , Kwast Stefan , Müller Marlena , Kuhlen Ralf , Bollmann Andreas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) place significant challenges on the healthcare system, and their co‐existence is associated with shared adverse outcomes. The multinational CaReMe project was initiated to provide contemporary, real‐world epidemiological data on cardiovascular and reno‐metabolic diseases. Utilizing data from the German CaReMe cohort, we characterize a multicentric HF population and describe in‐hospital outcomes stratified for co‐morbid CKD.Methods and resultsThis retrospective, observational study analysed administrative data from inpatient cases hospitalized in 87 German Helios hospitals between 1 January 2016 and 31 August 2022. The first hospitalization of patients aged ≥18 years with a primary discharge diagnosis of HF, based on ICD‐10 codes, were considered the index cases, and subsequent hospitalizations were considered as readmissions. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were stratified for co‐morbid CKD using ICD‐10‐encoding from the index cases. Cox regression was utilized for readmission endpoints and in‐hospital mortality. In total, 174 829 index cases (mean age 79 ± 15 years, 49.9% female) were included; of these, 55.0% had coexisting CKD. Patients with CKD were older, suffered from worse HF‐related symptoms, had a higher co‐morbidity burden, and in‐hospital mortality was increased at index and during follow‐up. Prevalent CKD was associated with higher rehospitalization rates and was an independent predictor for in‐hospital death.ConclusionsWithin this HF inpatient cohort from a multicentric German database, CKD was diagnosed in more than half of the patients and was associated with increased in‐hospital mortality at baseline and during follow‐up. Rehospitalizations were observed earlier and more frequently in patients with HF and co‐morbid CKD.
Long‐term outcomes of phenoclusters in preclinical heart failure with preserved and mildly reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Fazzini Luca , Ghirardi Arianna , Limonta Raul , Calabrese Alice , D'Elia Emilia , Canova Paolo , Fontana Alessandra , Grosu Aurelia , Iacovoni Attilio , Ferrari Paola , De Maria Renata , Gavazzi Antonello , Montisci Roberta , Senni Michele , Gori Mauro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsThe identification of subjects at higher risk for incident heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (EF) suitable for more intensive preventive programmes remains challenging. We applied phenomapping to the DAVID‐Berg population, comprising subjects with preclinical HF, aiming to refine HF risk stratification.MethodsThe DAVID‐Berg study prospectively enrolled 596 asymptomatic outpatients with EF > 40% with hypertension, diabetes mellitus or known cardiovascular disease. In this cohort, we performed an unsupervised cluster analysis on 591 patients, including clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters. We tested the association between each cluster and a composite outcome of HF/death.ResultsThe median age was 70 years, 55.5% were males and the median EF was 61.0%. Phenomapping provided three different clusters. Subjects in Cluster 3 were the oldest and had the highest prevalence of atrial fibrillation, the lowest estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the highest N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and the largest left atrium. During a median follow‐up of 5.7 years, 13.4% of subjects experienced HF/death events (N = 79). Compared with Clusters 1 and 2, Cluster 3 had the worst prognosis (log‐rank test: Cluster 3 vs. 1 P < 0.001; Cluster 3 vs. 2 P = 0.008). Cluster 3 was associated with a risk of HF/death 2.5 times higher than Cluster 1 [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–4.90].ConclusionsBased on phenomapping, older patients with lower kidney function and worse diastolic function might represent a subset of preclinical HF with EF > 40% who deserve more efforts to prevent clinical HF.
Can Loss and Damage Fund Strike a Responsive Chord in Global Climate Finance?
Authors: South David W. , Alpay Savas 
Published: July 2024

The June 2023 column “COP27 Loss and Damage Fund—financial band aid or effective mechanism?” outlined the definition, evolution and potential establishment of a Loss and Damage Fund (LDF) to financially aid least developing countries (LDCs) and small island developing states (SIDS) and others countries impacted by sea level rise from climate change, while the January 2024 column “Loss and Damage Fund—operationalized at COP28 but funding and allocation process unresolved” outlined the initial funding and allocation process challenges. Since COP28 both the LDF Board and World Bank have been addressing elements required to operationalize the Fund. A key challenge is that only $661 million has been pledged to the Fund, while up to $400 billion is needed annually to address economic and non‐economic loss and damage. While it is recognized that the initial pledges are “financial resources for commencing operationalization of the Fund,” they are “by no means enough for an initial resource mobilization effort.”
Outcomes of SWI/SNF complex‐deficient sinonasal carcinomas in a Southeast Asian cohort
Authors: Xu Xinni , Wu Bingcheng , Loh Kwok Seng , Lim Wei Sian , Tan Charmaine Si Min , Low Terese Huiying , Ong Yew Kwang , Tan Jeng Swan , Eu Donovan Kum Chuen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSWI/SNF complex‐deficient sinonasal carcinomas are rare, genetically distinct, and aggressive entities.MethodsSMARCB1 and SMARCA4 immunohistochemistry was retrospectively performed on a cohort of undifferentiated, poorly differentiated, and poorly defined sinonasal carcinomas. Survival outcomes were compared between SMARCB1/SMARCA4 (SWI/SNF complex)‐deficient and ‐retained groups.ResultsEight SWI/SNF complex‐deficient (six SMARCB1‐deficient, two SMARCA4‐deficient) cases were identified among 47 patients over 12 years. Triple‐modality treatment was more frequently utilized in SWI/SNF complex‐deficient carcinomas than in SWI/SNF complex‐retained carcinomas (71.4% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.001). After a median follow‐up of 21.3 (IQR 9.9–56.0) months, SWI/SNF complex‐deficient sinonasal carcinomas showed comparable recurrence rates (57.1% vs. 52.9%, p = 0.839), time‐to‐recurrence (7.3 [IQR 6.6–8.3] vs. 9.1 [IQR 3.9–17.4] months, p = 0.531), and overall survival (17.7 [IQR 11.8–67.0] vs. 21.6 [IQR 8.9–56.0] months, p = 0.835) compared to SWI/SNF complex‐retained sinonasal carcinomas.ConclusionTriple‐modality treatment may improve survival in SWI/SNF complex‐deficient sinonasal carcinomas.