bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinantes da organização da atenção em diabetes mellitus na satisfação do usuário
Authors: Zacharias Fabiana CM , Gomide Mariana FS , Carneiro Tânia SG , Pinheiro Alba LS , Bulgarelli Alexandre F , Lemos Isabela V , Figueira Brisa PG , Arcêncio Ricardo A. , Pinto Ione C 
Published: September 2014

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os determinantes da satisfação do usuário com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) sobre o atendimento no ambulatório de especialidades de um Centro de Saúde Escola. O estudo transversal com abordagem qualitativa foi desenvolvido no ambulatório de especialidades com 20 usuários com diagnóstico de DM. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas por meio de um roteiro norteador. Utilizou-se software Atlas ti 7.0 para auxílio na codificação das falas e técnica de Análise de Conteúdo para análise dos dados. Como resultado, observou-se que os temas mais evidenciados estão relacionados à acessibilidade organizacional e à relação entre usuário, equipe e serviço na perspectiva da longitudinalidade. Observou-se a identificação do ambulatório de especialidade como fonte regular de cuidado e a insatisfação no que se refere à acessibilidade ao serviço.
Psoríase Eritrodérmica: relato de caso e revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Ferreira Ana Carolina A de F , Anjos Fernanda SA dos , Yoshino Patrícia M , Hal Lívia S , Pinto Simone CC , Lima Ricardo B 
Published: September 2014

A eritrodermia é uma síndrome rara, responsável por eritema e descamação difusos, que acometem mais de 80 ou 90% da superfície corporal. É potencialmente grave, devido à associação com distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos e à colonização bacteriana. Entre as causas etiológicas estão presentes: doenças dermatológicas primárias, reação alérgica a certas drogas, doenças sistêmicas, além de neoplasias. No presente relato de caso, ilustramos um exemplo de eritrodermia de instalação grave e aguda, inicialmente tratado com corticoterapia sistêmica. O exame histopatológico da pele indicou o diagnóstico de psoríase eritrodérmica, que respondeu bem ao tratamento com ciclosporina, acitretina e etanercepte. Com base nesse relato, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre as causas de dermatite esfoliativa e discutido o manejo de casos graves de psoríase.
Controle de hiperglicemia intra-hospitalar em pacientes críticos e não-críticos
Authors: Gomes Patricia M. , Foss Milton C. , Foss-Freitas Maria Cristina 
Published: September 2014

Hiperglicemia é uma condição frequente encontrada no ambiente intra-hospitalar. Quando presente em pacientes críticos internados pode levar a maior morbi-mortalidade, comprometendo o tratamento da doença de base. Essa revisão tem por objetivo padronizar a conduta terapêutica na hiper e hipoglicemias nos pacientes internados em ambiente hospitalar, de forma a reduzir tempo de internação e mortalidade
Comunicação e educação: um contributo para pensar a questão ambiental.
Authors: Citelli Adilson , Falcão Sandra Pereira 
Published: September 2014

<p>Analisamos a interface comunicação-educação como elemento central na construção de sentidos ambientais proativos entre habitantes urbanos. Por meio de lastro teórico multirreferenciado e com apoio em dados de campo, buscamos compreender como a comunicação socioambiental é tratada na dinâmica da urbe. Os achados sinalizam a necessidade de gerar, potencializar e fazer circular/interpretar, em sistema de retroalimentação, elos que facultem aos moradores de conglomerados humanos refletirem e agirem frente às circunstâncias que reduzam a sua qualidade de vida. </p>
What Is the Optimal Chest Compression Depth During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation of Adult Patients?
Authors: Stiell Ian G. , Brown Siobhan P. , Nichol Graham , Cheskes Sheldon , Vaillancourt Christian , Callaway Clifton W. , Morrison Laurie J. , Christenson James , Aufderheide Tom P. , Davis Daniel P. , Free Cliff , Hostler Dave , Stouffer John A. , Idris Ahamed H. 
Published: September 2014

Background—
The 2010 American Heart Association guidelines suggested an increase in cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression depth with a target >50 mm and no upper limit. This target is based on limited evidence, and we sought to determine the optimal compression depth range.

Methods and Results—
We studied emergency medical services–treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients from the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Prehospital Resuscitation Impedance Valve and Early Versus Delayed Analysis clinical trial and the Epistry-Cardiac Arrest database. We calculated adjusted odds ratios for survival to hospital discharge, 1-day survival, and any return of circulation. We included 9136 adult patients from 9 US and Canadian cities with a mean age of 67.5 years, mean compression depth of 41.9 mm, and a return of circulation of 31.3%, 1-day survival of 22.8%, and survival to hospital discharge of 7.3%. For survival to discharge, the adjusted odds ratios were 1.04 (95% CI, 1.00–1.08) for each 5-mm increment in compression depth, 1.45 (95% CI, 1.20–1.76) for cases within 2005 depth range (>38 mm), and 1.05 (95% CI, 1.03–1.08) for percentage of minutes in depth range (10% change). Covariate-adjusted spline curves revealed that the maximum survival is at a depth of 45.6 mm (15-mm interval with highest survival between 40.3 and 55.3 mm) with no differences between men and women.

Conclusions—
This large study of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients demonstrated that increased cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression depth is strongly associated with better survival. Our adjusted analyses, however, found that maximum survival was in the depth interval of 40.3 to 55.3 mm (peak, 45.6 mm), suggesting that the 2010 American Heart Association cardiopulmonary resuscitation guideline target may be too high.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00394706.
Assessing the Vegetation Condition Impacts of the 2011 Drought across the U.S. Southern Great Plains Using the Vegetation Drought Response Index (VegDRI)
Authors: Tadesse Tsegaye , Wardlow Brian D. , Brown Jesslyn F. , Svoboda Mark D. , Hayes Michael J. , Fuchs Brian , Gutzmer Denise 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe vegetation drought response index (VegDRI), which combines traditional climate- and satellite-based approaches for assessing vegetation conditions, offers new insights into assessing the impacts of drought from local to regional scales. In 2011, the U.S. southern Great Plains, which includes Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico, was plagued by moderate to extreme drought that was intensified by an extended period of record-breaking heat. The 2011 drought presented an ideal case study to evaluate the performance of VegDRI in characterizing developing drought conditions. Assessment of the spatiotemporal drought patterns represented in the VegDRI maps showed that the severity and patterns of the drought across the region corresponded well to the record warm temperatures and much-below-normal precipitation reported by the National Climatic Data Center and the sectoral drought impacts documented by the Drought Impact Reporter (DIR). VegDRI values and maps also showed the evolution of the drought signal before the Las Conchas Fire (the largest fire in New Mexico’s history). Reports in the DIR indicated that the 2011 drought had major adverse impacts on most rangeland and pastures in Texas and Oklahoma, resulting in total direct losses of more than $12 billion associated with crop, livestock, and timber production. These severe impacts on vegetation were depicted by the VegDRI at subcounty, state, and regional levels. This study indicates that the VegDRI maps can be used with traditional drought indicators and other in situ measures to help producers and government officials with various management decisions, such as justifying disaster assistance, assessing fire risk, and identifying locations to move livestock for grazing.
Precipitation Recycling in the Indian Subcontinent during Summer Monsoon
Authors: Pathak Amey , Ghosh Subimal , Kumar Praveen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe Indian summer monsoon rainfall is dominated by oceanic sources of moisture. However, land surface processes also have a significant role in the generation of precipitation within the Indian subcontinent. Evapotranspiration over a region supplies moisture to the atmosphere, which may lead to precipitation in the same region. This is known as recycled precipitation. The role of evapotranspiration as an additional source of moisture to precipitation has been investigated in earlier studies at continental scales; however, the amount of monsoon precipitation generated from evapotranspiration has not been quantified at the daily scale for the Indian subcontinent. To examine the role of land surface hydrology in regional precipitation and to quantify recycled precipitation, the dynamic recycling model at a daily scale with NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data for the period of 1980–2010 is used. A high precipitation recycling ratio, that is, the ratio of recycled precipitation to total precipitation, is found at the end of the monsoon (September). As the monsoon progresses in India, enhanced soil moisture and vegetation cover lead to increased evapotranspiration and recycled precipitation. The recycling ratio is highest (around 25%) in northeastern India, which has high vegetation cover leading to high evapotranspiration. Recycled precipitation over central and northeastern India in September is responsible for delaying the withdrawal of the summer monsoon over these regions. A trend analysis of recycled precipitation shows a statistically significant decreasing trend in northeastern India.
Enthalpy and Momentum Fluxes during Hurricane Earl Relative to Underlying Ocean Features
Authors: Jaimes Benjamin , Shay Lynn K. , Uhlhorn Eric W. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Using dropsondes from 27 aircraft flights, in situ observations, and satellite data acquired during Tropical Cyclone Earl (category 4 hurricane), bulk air–sea fluxes of enthalpy and momentum are investigated in relation to intensity change and underlying upper-ocean thermal structure. During Earl’s rapid intensification (RI) period, ocean heat content (OHC) variability relative to the 26°C isotherm exceeded 90 kJ cm−2, and sea surface cooling was less than 0.5°C. Enthalpy fluxes of ~1.1 kW m−2 were estimated for Earl’s peak intensity. Daily sea surface heat losses of , , and kJ cm−2 were estimated for RI, mature, and weakening stages, respectively. A ratio of the exchange coefficients of enthalpy (CK) and momentum (CD) between 0.54 and 0.7 produced reliable estimates for the fluxes relative to OHC changes, even during RI; a ratio overestimated the fluxes.
The most important result is that bulk enthalpy fluxes were controlled by the thermodynamic disequilibrium between the sea surface and the near-surface air, independently of wind speed. This disequilibrium was strongly influenced by underlying warm oceanic features; localized maxima in enthalpy fluxes developed over tight horizontal gradients of moisture disequilibrium over these eddy features. These regions of local buoyant forcing preferentially developed during RI. The overall magnitude of the moisture disequilibrium (Δq = qs − qa) was determined by the saturation specific humidity at sea surface temperature (qs) rather than by the specific humidity of the atmospheric environment (qa). These results support the hypothesis that intense local buoyant forcing by the ocean could be an important intensification mechanism in tropical cyclones over warm oceanic features.
The Quasigeostrophic Omega Equation: Reappraisal, Refinements, and Relevance
Authors: Davies Huw C. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
A two-component study is undertaken of the classical quasigeostrophic (QG) omega equation. First, a reappraisal is undertaken of extant formulations of the equation’s so-called forcing function. It pinpoints shortcomings of various formulations and prompts consideration of alternative forms. Particular consideration is given to the contribution of flow deformation to the forcing function, and to the role of the advection of the geostrophic flow by the thermal wind (the R vector). The latter is closely related to the Q vector, the horizontal component of the ageostrophic vorticity, and the forcing function itself. The reexamination promotes further examination of the physical interpretation and diagnostic use of the omega equation particularly for assessing richly structured subsynoptic flow features.
Second, consideration is given to the dynamics associated with the equation and its more general utility. It is shown that the R vector is intrinsic to a quasigeostrophic cascade to finer-scaled flow, and that a fundamental feature of the QG omega equation—the in-phase relationship between cloud-diabatic heating and the attendant vertical velocity—has important potential ramifications for the assimilation of data in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Finally, it is shown that, in the context of considering NWP model output, mild generalizations of the quasigeostrophic R vector retain interpretative value for flow settings beyond geostrophy and warrant consideration when addressing some contemporary NWP challenges.
Malaria prevention and treatment in pregnancy: Survey of current practice among private medical practitioners in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Rabiu Kabiru Afolarin , Davies Nosimot Omolola , Nzeribe-Abangwu Ugochi O , Adewunmi Adeniyi Abiodun , Akinlusi Fatimat Motunrayo , Akinola Oluwarotimi Ireti , Ogundele Sunday O 
Published: September 2014

We studied the practice of malaria prevention and treatment in pregnancy of 394 private medical practitioners in Lagos State, Nigeria using a self-administered pre-tested structured questionnaire. Only 39 (9.9%) respondents had correct knowledge of the World Health Organization (WHO) strategies. Malaria prophylaxis in pregnancy was offered by 336 (85.3%), but only 98 (24.9%) had correct knowledge of recommended chemoprophylaxis. Of these, 68 (17.3%) had correct knowledge of first trimester treatment, while only 41 (10.4%) had knowledge of second and third trimester treatment. Only 64 (16.2%) of respondents routinely recommended use of insecticide-treated bed nets. The most common anti-malarial drug prescribed for chemoprophylaxis was pyrimethamine (43.7%); chloroquine was the most common anti-malarial prescribed for both first trimester treatment (81.5%) and second and third trimester treatment (55.3%). The study showed that private medical practitioners have poor knowledge of malaria prophylaxis and treatment in pregnancy, and the practice of most do not conform to recommended guidelines.
Telemedicine for Reach, Education, Access, and Treatment (TREAT)
Authors: Siminerio Linda , Ruppert Kristine , Huber Kimberly , Toledo Fredrico G. S. 
Published: September 2014

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine diabetes-related behavioral and psychosocial outcomes as well as patient satisfaction with the Telemedicine for Reach, Education, Access, and Treatment (TREAT) model. Methods TREAT employs telemedicine services provided by an endocrinologist at an urban area in partnership with a diabetes educator in a rural area, working together with patients and primary care providers (PCPs). Thirty-five patients with type 2 diabetes were referred by PCPs and received glycemic management and education in the TREAT model. A diabetes educator operated the videoconferencing equipment, remained with the patient to receive and review plan communicated by the endocrinologist during the visit, coordinated services, administered surveys, and provided self-management education and support. Empowerment, self-care, diabetes distress, adherence to monitoring, and patient satisfaction were assessed by survey at baseline and follow-up. Results There was significant improvement in empowerment, self-care (adherence to diet and monitoring), and reduction in diabetes distress. Patients reported high levels of satisfaction. Conclusions In rural areas, the TREAT model delivers improvements in behavioral and psychosocial outcomes and high patient satisfaction. The TREAT model may be a viable option for rural communities that suffer from a shortage of team-based diabetes specialist and self-management support services.
A Novel, Stable, Aqueous Glucagon Formulation Using Ferulic Acid as an Excipient
Authors: Bakhtiani Parkash A. , Caputo Nicholas , Castle Jessica R. , El Youssef Joseph , Carroll Julie M. , David Larry L. , Roberts Charles T. , Ward W. Kenneth 
Published: September 2014

Background: Commercial glucagon is unstable due to aggregation and degradation. In closed-loop studies, it must be reconstituted frequently. For use in a portable pump for 3 days, a more stable preparation is required. At alkaline pH, curcumin inhibited glucagon aggregation. However, curcumin is not sufficiently stable for long-term use. Here, we evaluated ferulic acid, a stable breakdown product of curcumin, for its ability to stabilize glucagon. Methods: Ferulic acid-formulated glucagon (FAFG), composed of ferulic acid, glucagon, L-methionine, polysorbate-80, and human serum albumin in glycine buffer at pH 9, was aged for 7 days at 37°C. Glucagon aggregation was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and degradation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A cell-based protein kinase A (PKA) assay was used to assess in vitro bioactivity. Pharmacodynamics (PD) of unaged FAFG, 7-day aged FAFG, and unaged synthetic glucagon was determined in octreotide-treated swine. Results: No fibrils were observed in TEM images of fresh or aged FAFG. Aged FAFG was 94% intact based on HPLC analysis and there was no loss of bioactivity. In the PD swine analysis, the rise over baseline of glucose with unaged FAFG, aged FAFG, and synthetic native glucagon (unmodified human sequence) was similar. Conclusions: After 7 days of aging at 37°C, an alkaline ferulic acid formulation of glucagon exhibited significantly less aggregation and degradation than that seen with native glucagon and was bioactive in vitro and in vivo. Thus, this formulation may be stable for 3-7 days in a portable pump for bihormonal closed-loop treatment of T1D.
The influence of aminophylline on the nanostructure and nanomechanics of T lymphocytes: an AFM study
Authors: Huang Xun , He Jiexiang , Liu Mingxian , Zhou Changren 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Although much progress has been made in the illustration of the mechanism of aminophylline (AM) treating asthma, there is no data about its effect on the nanostructure and nanomechanics of T lymphocytes. Here, we presented atomic force spectroscopy (AFM)-based investigations at the nanoscale level to address the above fundamental biophysical questions. As increasing AM treatment time, T lymphocytes' volume nearly double increased and then decreased. The changes of nanostructural features of the cell membrane, i.e., mean height of particles, root-mean-square roughness (Rq), crack and fragment appearance, increased with AM treatment time. T lymphocytes were completely destroyed with 96-h treatment, and they existed in the form of small fragments. Analysis of force-distance curves showed that the adhesion force of cell surface decreased significantly with the increase of AM treatment time, while the cell stiffness increased firstly and then decreased. These changes were closely correlated to the characteristics and process of cell oncosis. In total, these quantitative and qualitative changes of T lymphocytes' structure and nanomechanical properties suggested that AM could induce T lymphocyte oncosis to exert anti-inflammatory effects for treating asthma. These findings provide new insights into the T lymphocyte oncosis and the anti-inflammatory mechanism and immune regulation actions of AM.
Existence of positive solutions for a discrete fractional boundary value problem
Authors: Wang Jinhua , Xiang Hongjun , Chen Fulai 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the existence of positive solutions to a discrete fractional boundary value problem. By using the Krasnosel’skii and Schaefer fixed point theorems, the existence results are established. Additionally, examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the main results.

MSC:26A33, 39A10, 47H07.
The Prophylactic Effects of a Traditional Japanese Medicine, Goshajinkigan, on Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy and its Mechanism of Action
Authors: Matsumura Yukiko , Yokoyama Yoshihito , Hirakawa Hachidai , Shigeto Tatsuhiko , Futagami Masayuki , Mizunuma Hideki 
Published: September 2014

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the prophylactic effect of goshajinkigan (GJG) on paclitaxel (PTX)-induced neuropathy and to elucidate the mechanism of action. Results: There was a time-dependent irreversible decrease in pain threshold in PTX group. In PTX/GJG group, pain threshold showed changes in the same level as control. Electron microscope showed that although the ganglion cells of control and PTX/GJG groups were normal, degeneration of the nucleus and swelling of the mitochondria were observed in PTX group. Expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) gene in PTX group significantly increased compared with that in control and PTX/GJG groups. In TRPV4 knock-out mice, no PTX-induced hyperalgesia was observed, and there was no significant difference in pain threshold between the 3 groups. Conclusions: These results showed that PTX induced hyperalgesia by enhancing TRPV4 expression, and suggested that GJG might alleviate hyperalgesia by preventing degeneration of the ganglion cells and suppressing TRPV4 expression.