bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1568 – Cimetidine Prescription For Inappropriate Sexual Behaviors In Child And Adolescent Psychiatry
Authors: Pires J. , Junior A.S. , Dalgalarrondo P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionHypersexuality is a relatively common condition among children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. It can be related to mental retardation, bipolar disorder, sexual abuse and others. Some studies in old-age psychiatry showed improvement of inappropriate sexual behaviors of demented patients with the use of cimetidine.ObjectivesWe intended to analyze the clinical response to cimetidine, regarding inappropriate sexual behaviors, in children and adolescents of a psychiatric outpatient service.AimsTo show that cimetidine can be used for treatment of children and adolescents who present hypersexuality symptoms, with good outcomes and reasonable prices.MethodsWe analyzed the medical records of 11 individuals (12-20 years-old), from the outpatient psychiatric service for children and adolescents of the Campinas State University's Clinical Hospital, who were prescribed cimetidine due to inappropriate sexual behaviors. We evaluated the clinical response, socio-demographic profiles, associated disorders, and use of other medications.ResultsWe found that 7 patients had a significant improvement in inappropriate sexual behaviors after starting cimetidine, with some periods of absence of symptoms. Other 3 patients had a partial response. Only one had no response to cimetidine, which was discontinued.ConclusionThis study suggests that cimetidine can be a possible pharmacological alternative for the treatment of hypersexuality in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders.
1574 – Münchausen Syndrome By Proxy - a Case Report
Authors: Salles A.C.W.S. , de Santiago C.R.S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionMünchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSP) is a form of child abuse in which a parent induces real symptoms of diseases in a child, even leading to hospitalization. It was described in 1977 by the Pediatrician Roy Meadow.In Brazil, The Statute of the Child and Adolescent, passed in 1990, outlines the procedures for all abuse and neglect proceedings.ObjectivesTo show the symptoms and evidences of this Syndrome in order to provide an early recognition of those cases.AimsTo prevent this kind of child abuse which can bring harmful effects in the child's life, even causing death.MethodsEvaluation of a case report that was studied by Psychiatrists in Rio de Janeiro, in which the prosecutor wanted to know whether or not the children could be released from protected custody, considering the suspicion of MSP and the fact that one of the child had already died.ResultsThe woman didn’t show any Psychiatry Disorder by the time of the evaluation, but her behavior suggested psychological difficulties as being a mother. It was suggested that she and her husband needed psychological intervention and that the children still needed the Council of Guardianship's care and protection proceedings.ConclusionsThe MSP can be difficult to be diagnosed and is still considered a controversial phenomenon. It doesn’t have a clear cause but occurs because of psychological problems in the adult, and is generally an attention-seeking behavior. The syndrome can be life-threatening for the child involved.
1579 – Migration And Mental Health Of Aborigines Of Siberia: New Challenges Of Old Problems
Authors: Bokhan N. 
Published: July 2013

RelevanceAcculturation of aborigines of Siberia and Far East of Russia was characterized by destabilizing influence of migrants and adoption of alien traditions of alcohol use. Among migrants of new wave, number of socially maladjusted migrants with depression, suicidal and addictive behavior has grown.ObjectiveTo define factors of prevention of alcohol-related over-mortality of native population based on monitoring of medicosocial indices of substance abuse situation, clinical dynamic and prognosis of alcoholism in differentiated groups.Material and methodsClinical-epidemiological and clinical-psychopathological screening of revealed (ICD-10) alcoholic patients among arctic group (Evenks, Chukchi, Koryaks, Eskimos) of north-Asian mongoloids (n=735). Group of comparison - 90 patients (F10.2) male Caucasians from this locality.ResultsAborigines of Siberia show high frequency (50-65% in both sexes) of mental disorders. Men are characterized predominantly by alcohol dependence syndrome (maximum at age of 26-35 years), women - by affective disorders. Malign character of alcoholism determines high lethality of young men from suicide, alcohol-related accident, complications of comorbid somatic pathology with deformation of sex-age pyramid at 25—40 years. Severe degradation of personality (psychopath-like, cognitive defects) is typical; psychopathologic transformation of intoxication with aggression precedes development of withdrawal syndrome.DiscussionMarginalization of new migration wave promotes formation of various forms of mental desadaptation, hetero (homicidal) and auto-aggressive (addictions, suicides) behavior. Factor of prevention of negative consequences of acculturation is monitoring of mental health both of aborigines and migrants. Significance is acquired by ethnological expertise of possible consequences of current migration processes for ethnodemographic parameters of scanty ethnoses.
1580 – Patterns Of Mental Disorders And Their Co-morbidity With Conflict-affected Populations In Georgia
Authors: Makhashvili N. , Chikovani I. , Rukhadze N. , McKee M. , Patel V. , Roberts B. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundInternally displaced persons (IDPs) reach almost 6% of Georgia's total population. They were uprooted by the military conflicts in Abkhazia and South Ossetia in the 1990s and the brief but intensive war with Russia in 2008.AimTo examine the patterns of mental disorders and functional disability among conflict-affected populations in Georgia.MethodsThe study used a cross-sectional household survey design with multi-stage random sampling IDPs and “returnees” (IDPs who have returned to their original villages). Disorders of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and their co-morbidity, were measured, along with functional disability. A range of questions on exposure to violent and traumatic events and demographic and socio-economic characteristics were included. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used.ResultsOf 3600 respondents, 24% were recorded with PTSD, 14% with depression, 11% with anxiety. 30% of all respondents had ≥1 condition and 6% had all 3. Factors significantly associated with the mental disorders and their comorbidity included greater frequency of exposure to traumatic events, female gender, older age, displacement status, low levels of neighbourhood support, poor community conditions, and a bad economic situation. PTSD mediated the influence of traumatic events on outcomes of depression and anxiety. All 3 disorders significant influenced functional disability.ConclusionsThe study provides the most comprehensive data on mental health problems among conflict-affected populations in Georgia. It highlights the persisting burden of poor mental health and the associated characteristics, and the significant impact of mental disorders on functional disability. It calls for greater access to needs-driven mental health services.
1588 – Interleukin-6 As a Biomarker Of The Model Of Staging In Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Grande I. , Magalhaes P.V. , Chendo I. , Stertz L. , Gama C.S. , Vieta E. , Kapczinski F. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDifferent proposals of the staging model in bipolar disorder (BD) have been launched suggesting a progression from prodromal to more severe and refractory presentations. Biochemical variations in BD are receiving attention as they may help to understand the neurobiological correlates of the disorder and its neuroprogression.ObjectivesStudy pro-inflammatory factors, such as interleukins along the progression of the disorder.AimsTo investigate a) the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the model of staging and b) to detect clinical predictors of variations in IL-6 levels.MethodsThis is a case-control study matched for age and gender. Patients required the diagnosis confirmation by SCID, being in euthymia (HDRS, YMRS scores ≤ 7 in last month), and were classified in Kapczinski et al. clinical stages. At the end, 109 patients and 25 controls were eligible for the study. Serum IL-6 levels were determined by ELISA.ResultsSeventy-six (69.7%) patients were female and the mean age was 44.2 (SD= 12.9) years. A significant increase in IL- 6 was found in patients compared to controls (t=2.33, p=0.02) and among the four groups of patients (F=2.85, p=0.04). Results from linear regression analysis revealed that number of episodes per year, age at first episode, and age were significantly associated with IL-6 (β=0.025, CI: 0.005-0.044, p=0.012; β=-0.016, CI:(-0.031)-(-0.001),p=0.033; β=0.042, CI:0.027-0.058, p=0.0001, respectively).ConclusionsInterleukin-6 may be a useful biomarker in the model of staging in bipolar disorder and could be related to the number of episode per year and early onset of the disorder.
1590 – Subjective Experience Of Specific Antipsychotic-related Adverse Effects In Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Krivoy A. , Fischel T. , Kotlarov M. , Leobstein O. , Zemishlany Z. , Weizman A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundDiscontinuation of anti-psychotic drugs in schizophrenia patients is a major concern, since it results in relapse and re-hospitalizations. Non-adherence is strongly associated with negative subjective response to antipsychotics which is composed of the subjective experience of negative drug effects and attitude towards the treatment.ObjectiveTo assess subjective experience towards specific drug-related adverse effects which leads to a generally negative subjective attitude towards antipsychotics.MethodsAttitude and experience were measured in schizophrenia inpatients (n=84) on eight subscales: weight gain, sedation, sexual anhedonia, extra-pyramidal syndrome, affective flattening, excessive sleep, diminished sociability and metabolic syndrome. DAI-30 was used to measure attitude towards drugs, and PANSS to assess psychopathology.ResultsWeak correlation was found between subjective experience and attitude on most of the sub-scales. The only strong, albeit inverse, correlation between experience and attitude that was found was with regard to affective flattening, experienced by 37% of the sample, and it also predicted negative drug attitude as measured by the DAI-30, RR: 1.87 (95% CI: 1.06-3.3, df=1, x2=4.525, p< 0.05).ConclusionDrug-related affective flattening should be evaluated routinely, since experiencing it may predict negative attitude towards drugs, potentially leading to poor compliance and relapse.
1592 – The Impact Of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide On Anxiety, Stress And Craving In Patients With Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Koopmann A. , Wolf N.D. , Lémenager T. , Wiedemann K. , Kiefer F. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveAtrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is well known as a regulator of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. However, studies suggest that ANP also plays an important role in the neurobiology of anxiety. Recent evidence suggests that ANP may be involved in the pathophysiology of addictive behavior. The present study aims to elucidate the effects of ANP on alcoholdependent patients’ anxiety, perceived stress and craving during alcohol withdrawal.MethodsA sample of 59 alcohol-dependent inpatients was included in the analysis. A blood sample was taken at day 14 of detoxification in order to assess the concentration of ANP in plasma. In parallel, we assessed patients’ alcohol craving, using the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), as well as their symptoms of anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAI). Patients’ stress levels were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).ResultsWe found a significant negative association between patients’ ANP plasma concentrations and their anxiety, craving for alcohol, and perceived stress. Regression analyses suggest that ANP is a significant predictor both for patients’ perceived stress and for the severity of their anxiety during early abstinence. Additionally, we were able to show the association of patients’ ANP plasma levels and craving to be mediated by their perceived stress.ConclusionOur results suggest that the association of patients’ ANP plasma levels and craving is mediated by their perceived stress. For this reason, intranasal application of ANP may prove to be a new avenue for the treatment of alcohol dependence in patients exhibiting high levels of perceived stress.
1598 – Suicidal Behaviour And Affective Comorbidity In Delusional Disorder: Effectiveness Of Paliperidone Palmitate Long Acting Injection (ppild)
Authors: Molina-Andreu O. , González-Rodríguez A. , Penadés Rubio R. , Bernardo Arroyo M. , Catalan Campos R. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSuicide is one of the leading causes of premature death among people with psychotic disorders. However, little is known about treating suicide in delusional disorder.ObjectivesTo investigate effectiveness of PPLAI in delusional disorder (DD) patients.AimsTo compare effectiveness of PPLAI vs,other atypical antipsychotics (OAA) in psychopathology and suicidality.MethodsProspective observational study including 45 DD outpatients (DSM-IV-RT) attended at the Department of Psychiatry (Hospital Clinic- BCN) from 2008 to 2012 and followed up for 6 months. Demographic and clinical variables were recorded. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17 (HRSD-17), PANSS for psychopathology, Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) and Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) were assessed at baseline and after 6 months. The sample was divided into four groups according to which treatment they received: oral risperidone, Risperidone Long Acting Injection (RLAI), OAA and PPLAI. For comparisons, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests were used.ResultsEighty-two per cent were women. Mean age (SD) at onset: 46.9(11.8) years. 6 patients received oral risperidone, 23 OAA, 7 RLAI and 9 were treated with PPLAI. No statistically significant differences were found regarding demographic features, motives leading for consultation, depressive comorbidity and antidepressant prescription. After 6 months, patients treated with PPLAI presented lower frequency of ideation (0% vs.11.1%;p=0.027) and suicidal behaviour (0% vs.2.2%;p=NS). The group receiving PPILD presented a significant increase in functionality (PSP) (p=0.046) and an improvement in PANSS negative subscale scores (p=0.017).ConclusionsPatients receiving PPLAI showed a decrease in suicidality, an improvement in psychotic symptoms and functionality.
1599 – The Effects Of Prenatal Morphine Exposure On Pain Response
Authors: Amini M. , Alijarahi A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundDrug abuse during pregnancy is a growing problem in all developed countries of the world. Maternal drug abuse affects the developing system and its long-term effects can persist till adulthood so it can decreases the rate of their maturation. Since endogenous opioid induced analgesia, and morphine can interact with it, Thus the present study was designed to determine whether the exposure to the morphine during gestation permanently alter pain response.ObjectiveTo determine the effects of prenatal morphine exposure on pain response.Materials and methods12 Pregnant rats were divided to morphine and control groups. Morphine was administrated (S.C) to female rats twice a day (08 h and 20 h) on gestational days 11-18, (5 mg/kg morphine for 3 days and 10 mg/kg for 5 days). Analgesic response of pups (P90, n=6) were tested by formaline test.FindingThe results of our experiment demonstrated that prenatal morphine exposure rats exhibited significantly lower pain thersholds.ConclusionPrenatal morphine exposure impair pain sensitivity.
1601 – Prevention Of Postpartum Psychosis And Mania In Women At High Risk
Authors: Bergink V. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveWomen with a history of bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis are at extremely high risk of relapse postpartum. Although lithium prophylaxis has demonstrated efficacy in reducing postpartum relapse, the timing of prophylaxis remains controversial given the balance of risks and benefits for the mother and fetus. The authors compared lithium use during pregnancy compared to its initiation postpartum in women at high risk for postpartum psychosis.MethodBetween 2003 and 2010, 70 pregnant women at high risk for postpartum psychosis were referred to the authors'psychiatric outpatient clinic. Women who were initially medication-free were advised to start lithium prophylaxis immediately postpartum. Women already taking maintenance lithium during pregnancy were advised to continue treatment.ResultsAll women with a history of psychosis limited to the postpartum period (n=29) remained stable throughout pregnancy despite being medication-free. Of the women with bipolar disorder (n=41) 24.4% relapsed during pregnancy, despite prophylaxis use by the majority throughout pregnancy. The postpartum relapse rate was highest in women with bipolar disorder who experienced mood episodes during pregnancy (60.0%). In contrast, none of the 20 women with postpartum psychosis using postpartum prophylaxis relapsed, compared to 44.4% of postpartum psychosis patients who declined prophylaxis.ConclusionsThe authors recommend initiating prophylactic treatment immediately postpartum in women with a history of psychosis limited to the postpartum period, to avoid in utero fetal exposure to prophylactic medication. Patients with bipolar disorder require continuous prophylaxis throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period to reduce peripartum relapse risk.
1612 – Clinical Characteristics And Disorder-specific Cognitions In Treatment-seeking Patients With Internet Addiction And Borderline Personality Organization
Authors: Wölfling K.J. , Müller K.W. , Beutel M.E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSeveral epidemiological studies revealed prevalence-rates of Internet Addiction (IA) - which was currently proposed as an independent disorder for DSM-5 - ranging from 0.5 to 1 per cent. Above all, patients with IA show psychopathological patterns (craving, tolerance, withdrawal, mood modification, relapses) comparable to substance-related disorders. Besides, IA is frequently accompanied by various comorbidities, such as anxiety, depression or personality disorders.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to assess typical clinical characteristics and disorder-specific cognitive styles in a subgroup of patients with IA and an underlying Borderline Personality Organization (BPO) in a consecutive sample of over 450 treatment-seekers in an Outpatient Clinic for Internet and Computer game Addiction.Methods20 patients, who fulfilled both: the diagnostic criteria of IA and a Borderline Personality Disorder were compared with a matched control-group of BPO-patients without psychopathological but extensive Internet use. Both groups were assessed with the FGG (Questionnaire on borderline-specific cognitions and feelings, Renneberg et al., 2004) and further psychological features (e.g. global assessment of functioning (GAF), self-efficacy (SWE) and sensation seeking).ResultsBPO-patients with IA show an increased mean of the total score of the FGG as well as of further clinical measures. The results lead to the assumption, that BPO-patients with IA use more disorder-specific cognitions, show higher mental strains and lower levels of health-related well-being compared to BPO-patients with only an extensive internet use.ConclusionsInternet addictive behavior in BPO-patients may serve as avoidance behavior in order to subdue the burden of the primary disease.
1613 – As-needed Use Of Nalmefene In The Treatment Of Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Sinclair J. , Batel P. , Kiefer F. , Chick J. , Sørensen P. , Gual A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionIn the phase 3 programme on nalmefene for reduction of alcohol consumption in alcohol dependent patients, an as-needed dosing regimen was used. Patients were instructed to take one tablet on each day they perceived a risk of drinking alcohol, preferably 1 to 2 hours prior to the anticipated time of drinking. Tablets could be taken up to once daily. As-needed use is a patient-centered approach engaging patients in active and responsible management of their illness. It should be seen as an integral part of disease management, increasing awareness of drinking amount and patterns, facilitating identification of at-risk situations.ObjectivesExplore the feasibility of as-needed use of nalmefene in alcohol dependence.MethodsThe Timeline Follow-back was used to obtain estimates of daily drinking and to record daily medication intake. Pooled data (treated patients: nalmefene=643; placebo=633) from the two randomised controlled 6 month studies (ESENSE 1 [NCT00811720] and ESENSE 2 [NCT00812461]) was used. Adherence was defined as medication intake and alcohol consumption, or no alcohol consumption (with or without medication intake).ResultsNalmefene was taken on approximately half of the study days; placebo was taken more often than nalmefene. In each treatment group, medication intake varied according to patients’ needs as intake correlated with baseline drinking pattern. 68% of the nalmefene treated patients (78% of the study completers) adhered to the as-needed treatment regimen on at least 80% of the study days.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that patients understand, accept, and adhered to the as-needed treatment regimen.
1614 – Prenatal Alcoholization Of Human Embryos And Fetuses Alters Structure Of Synapses And Properties Of Benzodiazepine Receptors In Their Brain
Authors: Shushpanova T. , Solonsky A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundInfluence of prenatal alcoholization on development of embryo's human brain and process of synaptogenesis and neurotransmission has been studied inadequately. It has been noticed that acute impact of the alcohol reinforces GABAergic transmission and chronic alcoholization increases selectivity of reverse agonists of benzodiazepine receptor (BDR), that indicates presence of relationship between action of ethanol and functioning of GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex.MaterialsObjective of present investigation appeared to be a study of dynamic of formation and development of synaptic contacts and benzodiazepine receptors of synapses of the embryonic brain at weeks 7-15 of development obtained from healthy women and alcoholic ones.ResultsInvestigations with electronic microscope in cells of embryonic brain obtained from women with alcohol addiction have shown slower formation of synaptic structures as compared with the norm. In addition, we revealed increasing of synaptic contacts number during brain development and alteration of properties of benzodiazepine receptors of synaptosomal membranes during embryo development stage that is expressed in decrease of affinity of receptors (decrease of affinity [3H]flunitrazepam binding) and increase of their density with radioreceptors assay. In cells of the embryo brain obtained from women suffering from alcoholism slowing of formation of synaptic structures as compared with norm and transformation of properties of synaptosomal BDR has been found out, what may be a cause of alteration of neuromediator transmission.ConclusionsProvided data indicate presence of relationship between action of ethanol on formation of synaptic structures and functioning of benzodiazepine receptor in human embryo and fetus brain.