bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Cell Flying Capacitor Converter Topology with Significant Reduction in Number of Components
Authors: Banaei M. R. , Toupchi Khosroshahi M. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel configuration of conventional flying capacitor (FC) inverter called cell flying capacitor converter (CFC). The proposed topology is obtained by replacing the clamping capacitor of flying capacitor converter with number of series connected half-bridge cells. The main advantages of the proposed converter, compared to the conventional FC converter, are drastic reduction in the number of switches and capacitors. Furthermore, there are redundant switching states which cause to create different pole voltages. In this structure, it is possible to balance the capacitor voltages instantaneously in any direction of the current, by selecting suitable switching states, irrespective of the load power factor. To evaluate performance of the proposed configuration and its control strategy, simulation has been done in MATLAB/Simulink and results have been presented.
Haemorrhagic and thrombotic complications in pregnant women with acquired and congenital cardiac disease
Authors: Kevane Barry , McKenna Peter , Walsh Kevin , Donnelly Jennifer C. , Flood Karen , Cullen Michelle , Bowen Mary , Thornton Patrick , Loughrey John , Coulter-Smith Sam , Áinle Fionnuala Ní 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

Background: Pregnant patients with cardiac disease have significantly higher predicted maternal morbidity and mortality compared to the general obstetric population. Published guidelines on optimal management of these patients recommend multidisciplinary care provision. There are few published data on the incidence of haematological complications in pregnant women with cardiac disease, although the data that does exist suggests a relatively high rate of bleeding and thrombotic events.

Aims: To determine the outcomes in terms of haematological morbidity occurring within a cohort of pregnant women with cardiac disease in the setting of multidisciplinary care provision.

Methods: Patients were identified from a database compiled by the obstetric cardiology service listing all cardiac patients managed in the Rotunda maternity hospital during the period from 2004 to 2011. Data were obtained from the medical and obstetric case notes relating to details of perinatal care and the occurrence of antenatal and postnatal complications.

Results: During the 8-year review period, 451 women with cardiac disease were assessed. Fifty-nine were determined to have moderate to high-risk disease. Each received consultant-delivered multidisciplinary care, where written management strategies were agreed by collaborating senior colleagues either preconceptually or in early pregnancy. No venous thromboembolic events occurred and a modest rate of post-partum haemorrhage (approximately 5%) was recorded. There were no maternal deaths.

Conclusion: The relatively favourable outcomes observed within our institution highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the management of pregnant women with cardiac disease, particularly in scenarios where limited published evidence exists to guide management.
A Formal Model of Arms Market with Cash-for-Favours
Authors: Gangopadhyay Partha 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBoth corruption and market imperfections are important facets of modern arms markets. In the standard literature of arms market, production, procurement, sales (exports) and purchases (imports) of arms take place in the shadow of corruption. Corruption is an integral part of the environment of the arms trade that exerts an influence upon the outcome in the arms market. In our work, we make corruption as a choice variable of the powerful players in the global arms market and examine the equilibrium consequence of corruption that is strategically chosen by armament firms. We develop a simple duopoly to characterize a perfect Nash equilibrium of cash-for-favors and establish perplexing comparative static properties of this equilibrium. The primary intuition here is that cash-for-favors can have serious impacts on the equilibrium of an oligopoly through their effects on the incentives of and constraints on individual firms. We offer a model of endogenous corruption, to our understanding for the first time, to examine the global arms market in order to establish that the equilibrium outcome in the arms market cannot be fully captured by the standard results of oligopoly. Researchers have to extremely careful in applying the standard tools of oligopoly to the arms market as our results suggest that endogenous corruption can reverse most of the known results of oligopoly.
Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Among Participants in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
Authors: Wong Jenise C. , Foster Nicole C. , Maahs David M. , Raghinaru Dan , Bergenstal Richard M. , Ahmann Andrew J. , Peters Anne L. , Bode Bruce W. , Aleppo Grazia , Hirsch Irl B. , Kleis Lora , Chase H. Peter , DuBose Stephanie N. , Miller Kellee M. , Beck Roy W. , Adi Saleh ,   for the T1D Exchange Clinic Network
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE
To assess the frequency of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device use, factors associated with its use, and the relationship of CGM with diabetes outcomes (HbA1c, severe hypoglycemia [SH], and diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Survey questions related to CGM device use 1 year after enrollment in the T1D Exchange clinic registry were completed by 17,317 participants. Participants were defined as CGM users if they indicated using real-time CGM during the prior 30 days.

RESULTS
Nine percent of participants used CGM (6% of children &lt;13 years old, 4% of adolescents 13 to &lt;18 years, 6% of young adults 18 to &lt;26 years, and 21% of adults ≥26 years). CGM use was more likely with higher education, higher household income, private health insurance, longer duration of diabetes, and use of insulin pump (P &lt; 0.01 all factors). CGM use was associated with lower HbA1c in children (8.3% vs. 8.6%, P &lt; 0.001) and adults (7.7% vs. 7.9%, P &lt; 0.001). In adults, more frequent use of CGM (≥6 days/week) was associated with lower mean HbA1c. Only 27% of users downloaded data from their device at least once per month, and ≤15% of users reported downloading their device at least weekly. Among participants who used CGM at baseline, 41% had discontinued within 1 year.

CONCLUSIONS
CGM use is uncommon but associated with lower HbA1c in some age-groups, especially when used more frequently. Factors associated with discontinuation and infrequent use of retrospective analysis of CGM data should be considered in developing next-generation devices and education on CGM use.
Glycation of Fetal Hemoglobin Reflects Hyperglycemia Exposure In Utero
Authors: Dupont Felix O. , Hivert Marie-France , Allard Catherine , Ménard Julie , Perron Patrice , Bouchard Luigi , Robitaille Julie , Pasquier Jean-Charles , Auray-Blais Christiane , Ardilouze Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE
The lifetime risk of metabolic diseases in offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) depends, at least in part, on the impact of glycemic fetal programming. To quantify this impact, we have developed and validated a unique mass spectrometry method to measure the percentage of glycated hemoglobin in cord blood.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This case-control study includes 37 GDM women and 30 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

RESULTS
Glycation of the α-chain (Glα) was higher in neonates from GDM (2.32 vs. 2.20%, P &lt; 0.01). Glα strongly correlated with maternal A1C measured at delivery in the overall cohort (r = 0.67, P &lt; 0.0001) as well as in each group (GDM: r = 0.66, P &lt; 0.0001; NGT: r = 0.50, P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
Thus, Glα may reflect hyperglycemic exposure during the last weeks of fetal development. Future studies will confirm Glα is a predictive biomarker of prenatally programmed lifetime metabolic health and disease.
Renal Hyperfiltration Is Associated With Glucose-Dependent Changes in Fractional Excretion of Sodium in Patients With Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Yang Gary K. , Har Ronnie L.H. , Lytvyn Yuliya , Yip Paul , Cherney David Z.I. 
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE
Renal hyperfiltration is a common abnormality associated with diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In animal models, increased proximal tubular sodium reabsorption results in decreased distal sodium delivery, tubuloglomerular feedback activation, afferent vasodilatation, and hyperfiltration. The role of tubular factors is less well understood in humans. The aim of the current study was therefore to compare the fractional sodium excretion (FENa) in hyperfiltering (T1D-H) versus normofiltering (T1D-N) patients and healthy control (HC) subjects, as well as the role of ambient hyperglycemia on FENa.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Blood pressure, renal function (inulin for glomerular filtration rate [GFR], and paraaminohippurate for effective renal plasma flow), FENa, and circulating neurohormones were measured in T1D-H (n = 28, GFR ≥135 mL/min/1.73 m2), T1D-N (n = 30), and HC (n = 35) subjects during clamped euglycemia. Studies were repeated in a subset of patients during clamped hyperglycemia.

RESULTS
During clamped euglycemia, T1D-H exhibited lower FENa than T1D-N and HC subjects (0.64 ± 0.06% vs. 0.91 ± 0.12% and 0.90 ± 0.10%, P &lt; 0.05). During clamped hyperglycemia, FENa increased (Δ + 0.88 ± 0.22% vs. Δ + 0.02 ± 0.21%; between-group effect, P = 0.01) significantly in T1D-H, whereas FENa did not change in T1D-N. When treated as continuous variables, elevated GFR values were associated with hyperglycemia-induced increases in FENa (R2 = 0.20, P = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with uncomplicated T1D-H exhibit lower FENa under euglycemic conditions, which may help to identify patients with hyperfiltration outside of a controlled laboratory setting. Increased FENa in T1D-H but not T1D-N under clamped hyperglycemic conditions suggests that the mechanisms responsible for increased sodium reabsorption leading to hyperfiltration can be saturated.
Increased Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Inflammation in Adipose Tissue in Obese Subjects Classified as Metabolically Healthy
Authors: Gómez-Ambrosi Javier , Catalán Victoria , Rodríguez Amaia , Andrada Patricia , Ramírez Beatriz , Ibáñez Patricia , Vila Neus , Romero Sonia , Margall María A. , Gil María J. , Moncada Rafael , Valentí Víctor , Silva Camilo , Salvador Javier , Frühbeck Gema 
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE
It has been suggested that individuals with the condition known as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) may not have the same increased risk for the development of metabolic abnormalities as their non–metabolically healthy counterparts. However, the validity of this concept has recently been challenged, since it may not translate into lower morbidity and mortality. The aim of the current study was to compare the cardiometabolic/inflammatory profile and the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in patients categorized as having MHO or metabolically abnormal obesity (MAO).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional analysis to compare the cardiometabolic/inflammatory profile of 222 MHO and 222 MAO patients (62% women) matched by age, including 255 lean subjects as reference (cohort 1). In a second cohort, we analyzed the adipokine profile and the expression of genes involved in inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling in visceral adipose tissue (VAT; n = 82) and liver (n = 55).

RESULTS
The cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles (CRP, fibrinogen, uric acid, leukocyte count, and hepatic enzymes) were similarly increased in MHO and MAO in both cohorts. Moreover, above &lt; 30% of patients classified as MHO according to fasting plasma glucose exhibited IGT or T2D. The profile of classic (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) as well as novel (serum amyloid A and matrix metallopeptidase 9) adipokines was almost identical in MHO and MAO groups in cohort 2. Expression of genes involved in inflammation and tissue remodeling in VAT and liver showed a similar alteration pattern in MHO and MAO individuals.

CONCLUSIONS
The current study provides evidence for the existence of a comparable adverse cardiometabolic profile in MHO and MAO patients; thus the MHO concept should be applied with caution. A better identification of the obesity phenotypes and a more precise diagnosis are needed for improving the management of obese individuals.
Starlike functions of complex order involving q-hypergeometric functions with fixed point
Authors: Vijaya Kaliappan , Murugusundaramoorthy Gangadharan , Kasthuri Murugesan 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Recently Kanas and Ronning introduced the classes of starlike and convex functions, which are normalized with ƒ(ξ) = ƒ0(ξ) − 1 = 0, ξ (|ξ| = d) is a fixed point in the open disc U = {z ∈ ℂ: |z| < 1}. In this paper we define a new subclass of starlike functions of complex order based on q-hypergeometric functions and continue to obtain coefficient estimates, extreme points, inclusion properties and neighbourhood results for the function class T Sξ(α, β,γ). Further, we obtain integral means inequalities for the function ƒ ∈ T Sξ(α, β,γ).
Comparison of Algorithms for Clustering Incomplete Data
Authors: Matyja Artur , Siminski Krzysztof 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The missing values are not uncommon in real data sets. The algorithms and methods used for the data analysis of complete data sets cannot always be applied to missing value data. In order to use the existing methods for complete data, the missing value data sets are preprocessed. The other solution to this problem is creation of new algorithms dedicated to missing value data sets.
The objective of our research is to compare the preprocessing techniques and specialised algorithms and to find their most advantageous usage.
RSRP: A Robust Secure Routing Protocol in MANET
Authors: Sinha Ditipriya , Bhattacharya Uma , Chaki Rituparna 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm RSRP to build a robust secure routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). This algorithm is based on some basic schemes such as RSA_CRT for encryption and decryption of messages; CRT for safety key generation, Shamir’s secret sharing principle for generation of secure routes. Those routes which are free from any malicious node and which belong to the set of disjoint routes between a source-destination pair are considered as probable routes. Shamir’s secret sharing principle is applied on those probable routes to obtain secure routes. Finally, most trustworthy and stable route is selected among those secure routes. Selection of the final route depends on some criteria of the nodes present in a route e.g.: battery power, mobility and trust value. In addition, complexity of key generation is reduced to a large extent by using RSA-CRT instead of RSA. In turn, the routing becomes less expensive and most secure and robust one. Performance of this routing protocol is then compared with non-secure routing protocols (AODV and DSR), secure routing scheme using secret sharing, security routing protocol using ZRP and SEAD depending on basic characteristics of these protocols. All such comparisons show that RSRP shows better performance in terms of computational cost, end-to-end delay and packet dropping in presence of malicious nodes in the MANET, keeping the overhead in terms of control packets same as other secure routing protocols.
Income Redistribution and Socio-economic Development
Authors: Mericková Beáta Mikušová , Halásková Renáta 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The trade off efficiency and equity issue, which is represented by income redistribution, becomes increasingly debated not only in economic and social, but also in political dimension. Solution of this trade-off problem is projected into the implementation of social policy and results achieved in macroeconomics policy, with the goal to define the optimal scope and character of the income redistribution processes. The submitted empirical study responds to this problem through the investigation of research question focused on the existence of a relationship between the social protection expenditure (expenditure on policy of family, old age and unemployment) and the achieved level of socio-economic development (quantified by Human Development Index HDI). The existence of this relationship is statistically tested in a sample of 15 countries. The research sample is heterogeneous in relation to the analyzed indicators, and it contains countries with a different level of economics development and income redistribution policy. Based on the results of quantitative analysis in most surveyed countries, impact of social protection expenditure on the reached level of economic development was confirmed. The correlation between the social protection expenditure and socio-economic development is positive in the case of the family and old-age pension policy, and negative in the case of employment policy
Satisfying of Needs and Immanent Market Incompetencies
Authors: Maialeh Robin 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The terms of reference for this study were to outline an inability of market principles to satisfy needs with a focus on natural determination of individuals. The author tries to define causes of market failures in satisfying of basic human needs and outlines a way how to overcome the problems stated. In the first part, evidence of elemental dissatisfaction is collected as the ground for improvements, namely an inequality as the highest hurdle on the way to satisfying of needs. The subsequent chapters analyze the role of market, especially in the context of four antagonistic relationships - macro and micro level; inequality and commonness. Chapters deal with the fact that profit maximization principally impedes satisfaction of fundamental human needs. Furthermore, mainstream development policies on macro-level are discussed. On the examples of foreign investments and market integration, the archetypal solutions for boosting economies, it is shown that in a strict economic sense, no investments principally cannot be measure to satisfy of basic human needs in a global scale. The paper indicates that general priorities of human beings are beyond the frame of contemporary economic configuration
Partial vertebrectomy with vertebral shortening for thoraco-lumbar fracture-dislocation. Case report and technical note
Authors: Costachescu Bogdan , Popescu Cezar E. , Iliescu Bogdan , Chiriac Alexandru , Filipescu Ramona , Pendefunda Liviu 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThoraco-lumbar fracture-dislocations represent one of the most instable lesions and are frequently associated with neurological deficit. We present a patient with a T11 - T12 fracture-dislocation with complete neurological deficit - ASIA - A, who underwent partial vertebrectomy, shortening of the spine and posterior instrumentation 21 days after a motor vehicle accident.
Intracranial pressure monitoring in severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Apetrei Al. Cosmin , Iencean A.Şt. , Iordache A. , Iliescu B. , Poeata Ion 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIntracranial pressure monitoring seems to be an indispensable stage in management of severe traumatic brain injured patient. Since 2009, this technique completes our trauma protocol. The study has been carried out from 2011 to 2013 in Prof. Dr. N. Oblu hospital in Iasi. There have been included in the study patients with severe craniocerebral trauma, who had traumatic brain lesions CT detected and Glasgow score between 3 and 8. The age ranged from 16 to 60, an average of 35.5 years old. 50% of the studied cases had a favorable outcome. Diagrams associated to this category of patients showed increases in intracranial pressure above normal values but without repeated values above 50 mm Hg. Most of those patients had a good evolution under medical treatment. Monitoring intracranial pressure is an extremely useful stage in treating intracranial high pressure in traumatology and it should be included in the equipment of any intensive therapy section caring traumatic patients
Spontaneous occlusion of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation after subtotal endovascular embolisation
Authors: Chiriac A. , Dobrin N. , Iencean A.St. , Poeata I. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
We present a case of a patient with a ruptured temporo-occipital arteriovenous malformation, grade 3 on Spetzler-Martin scale, with an unpredictable evolution. A spontaneous occlusion of the malformation was found at 4 months after the initial partial endovascular embolization. We reviewed and discuss some aspects concerning clinical and angiographic finding, the angioarchitectural remodelling and evolution of the AVMs after partial occlusion treatment.
Recurrent extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma with scalp metastasis
Authors: Agrawal Amit , Mohan K.V. Murali , Santhi Vissa , Hegde Kishor V. , Umamaheswara Reddy V. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Extraneural metastasis from anaplastic ependymoma is uncommon. In a study from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center where the authors reviewed 81 ependymomas cases (between 1956 and 1989) there were only five (6.2%) cases had extraneural metastases. We present a case of anaplastic ependymoma with scalp metastasis and discuss the possible mechanism of spread. In majority most of the cases of metastatic extracranial ependymoma patients have underlying progressive intracranial disease. Although these patients receive standard treatment for the primary tumor (Gross total resection and radiotherapy) and the management options for recurrences includes re-excision, focal reirradiation, stereotactic radiosurgery, or craniospinal radiotherapy for metastatic disease the long term outcome is not favorable.
Syringomyelia associated with Cervical Spondylosis: A case report
Authors: Samanci Yavuz , Celik Suat Erol 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Although cervical spondylosis is an extremely common condition causing spinal cord compression, it is rarely involved in syringomyelia formation.
Here we describe a case of syringomyelia associated with cervical spondylosis.
A method for the formation of intergranular crystalline phases in liquid phase sintering
Authors: Ghaffari Mehran , Salahi Esmaeil , Golestanifard Farhad 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
During the liquid phase sintering process a liquid is formed, penetrates into the pores, causes rearrangement of particles and shrinkage and forms an amorphous and/or crystalline intergranular phase after firing which re-melts upon heating to the same sintering temperature. In this research a method is proposed to alter the intergranular phase to a phase with a melting point higher than the sintering temperature. The hypothesis is based on the shape of the phase diagram and precise control of particle sizes of liquid forming species. Results show that in the CaO–Al2O3 system a liquid is formed at 1 500 °C and it will then change to CaO. Al2O3 with a melting point of more than 1 600 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis shows that the processes of formation of liquid and crystallization of concomitant crystalline phases occur obviously separately in this system. The system CaO–TiO2 also confirms the hypothesis, although more analytical evidence is needed for the latter.