bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propagation in vitro of alstroemeria ligtu hybrid through direct organogenesis from leaf base
Authors: Nasri Fardin , Mortazavi Seyed Najmedin , Ghaderi Nasser , Javadi Taimoor 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
In the present study, multiplication efficiency of Alstroemeria ligtu hybrid was investigated. Bases of the first seedling leaves grown in vitro were used as initial explants. The explants were cultured in the MS media containing 3% sucrose, 0.7% agar at pH 5.8, five N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg·1-1) and three indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations (0, 0.1 and 0.2 mg·1-1). The cultures were incubated at 21 ± 2 °C under photoperiod 16/8. After three subculturings (3 weeks-long each) the number of rhizome, shoots, buds, leaves, and roots, length of shoots and roots were recorded. Adventitious shoots formed directly on the leaf bases without callus intervention. Their number was affected by BAP concentrations. The highest shoots number, six per explants, was obtained at 1 mg·1-1 BAP and 0.1 mg·1-1 IBA. The shoot length decreased with the increasing concentration of BAP. The highest root number (2.7) was formed on shoots cultured on the MS medium containing 0.5 mg·1-1 α- naphthalene acetic acid, and the highest rhizome number (2.2) was formed on the medium with 0.5 mg·1-1 BAP. In vitro rooted plantlets were able to survive and acclimatize in the greenhouse.
Effect of foliar application of sida compound fertilizer on growth, yield, and fruit chemical composition of ‘early superior’ grapevine
Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Rahman M.A. , Abdel-Aziz Faruk H. , Mohamed Moawd A. , Gobara Ali 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT This experiment aimed at studying the effect of Sida Compound fertilizer containing seaweed extract, natural fertilizers, growth promoters and micronutrients in chelated form on growth, yield and berry quality of table grape ‘Early Superior’. Foliar application of Sida Compound at concentration 0.05 to 0.20%, three times in a season increased shoot length, leaf area and content of N, P and K in the leaves as well as total soluble solids and total sugar contents in fruits. Yield of fruits increased by 29 and 14%, depending on the season.
Profitability and constraints of pineapple production in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Baruwa Olayinka Isiaka 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT Pineapple is a delicious tropical fruit with a fine flavour and high nutritive value. It is one of the most important commercial fruit crops in the world. Despite its popularity, no proper data on the costs of its production in Nigeria are available. The study determines profitability and constraints of pineapple production in Osun State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to obtain information from 50 respondents using purposive and random selection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and budgetary technique. Results indicated that majority of the farmers were males, aged 53.7 years on average and engaged full time in pineapple production. The modal level of farmer’s education was primary. The average period of experience in pineapple farming was 13.5 years. The gross margin and net profits in Naira (Nigerian currency) were N182 725 and N162 045, respectively. The questionnaire in the study contained the most serious problems confronting pineapple farmers: limited availability of high quality planting materials, high fruit perishability, low fruit prices, low access to credits and plant diseases. Availability of high yielding pineapple varieties, establishment of cold storages to reduce fruit perishability, agricultural price support programmes, easier access to credit from formal sources and farmers’ education were considered essential to improve productivity and profitability of pineapple production in Nigeria.
Evaluation of methods for erwinia amylovora detection
Authors: Kałużna Monika , Puławska Joanna , Mikiciński Artur 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Phytosanitary measures to control diseases require sensitive and reliable detection methods. In case of Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight, there are several methods developed. We tested six of them: (1) a conventional method; (2) standard PCR; (3) BIO-PCR; (4) Real-time PCR with SYBR Green; (5) Real-time PCR with TaqMan probe; and (6) Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) in terms of their specificity, sensitivity and repeatability. Of the methods tested, only Real-time PCR with SYBR Green amplified non-specific fragments, which could be however identified by melting curve analysis. Real-time PCRs (both with SYBR Green and TaqMan probe) and LAMP were most sensitive and allowed to detect E. amylovora even in the samples where the concentration of cells was lower than 2 x 101 cfu/reaction. The highest repeatability was obtained using conventional method and Real-time PCRs. Of the methods used, only the LAMP technique was very insensitive to plant impurities.
Foliar treatment with proline and tyrosine affect the growth and yield of beetroot and some pigments in beetroot leaves
Authors: El-Sherbeny M. Rashad , Teixeira Da Silva Jaime A. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT There is interest in increasing the yield and pigment content of beetroot and red beet since conventional agronomic practices or breeding efforts have not produced satisfactory results. Using a local cultivar of red beet (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. cicla) as the model plant, pot experiments were established to determine the effects of proline and tyrosine (used as plant growth regulators and for synthesis of beetroot pigments) on growth and yield and pigment (carotenoids and chlorophyll) levels in leaves. Proline or tyrosine at 100 and 200 mg·L-1 increased plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of leaves and roots, root/shoot ratio, and root diameter and length while a higher concentration (400 mg·L-1) increased some parameters but decreased others. Any proline concentration resulted in more leaf carotenoids and chlorophyll and higher carbohydrate content in leaves and roots than the controls, and tyrosine was more effective than proline. Tyrosine and proline proved to be successful agents in improving growth and yield characters of beet plants, especially at 100 mg·L-1 and 200 mg·L-1. Beetroot growers can effectively use these two amino acids as a foliar application to increase yield for edible purposes and to increase pigments for extraction for use in coloring and medicinal industries.
The initial analysis of the ability for the generative propagation and the level of self-incompatibility of inbred lines of chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. Pekinensis)
Authors: Kamiński Piotr 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT In the years of 2011 and 2013, seventeen inbred lines of Chinese cabbage were evaluated according to the ability for the generative propagation and the expression of self-incompatibility. Most of the lines pollinated in the greenhouse at the open flower stage were characterized by an intermediate level of selfincompatibility and formed less than one seed/silique; the other lines were highly self-incompatible or selfcompatible. The lines pollinated at the green bud stage were highly diversified according to the ability for seed development in both years of propagation; however, most of the lines formed sufficient amount of seeds for use as parental components. The average effectiveness of generative propagation after pollination at the open flower and green bud stages was higher in 2011 than in 2013, probably due to different weather conditions in these years influencing the seed development or inbreeding depression.
Contrast-phase Imaging of Fixed-Cells through Micro-Cavity Scanning Microscopy
Authors: Di Donato Andrea , Pietrangelo T. , Da Ros T. , Monti Tamara , Farina Marco 
Published: February 2014

AbstractContrast phase imaging at infrared wavelengths is achieved through an extrinsic Fabry-Perot cavity in optical fiber. The micro-cavity is realized by approaching a cleaved fiber to a distance of about few tens of microns from the surface under test. The probe is a single mode fiber and is fed by a low-coherence source. The information is extracted from the reflected spectrum, that starts to be modulated by the interference when the fiber begins to interact with the sample. The measurement of the reflected optical intensity provides a map of the sample reflectivity, whereas from the analysis of the spectrum in the time/spatial domain, it is possible to extract topography and refractive index variations. This information is entangled in the contrast phase image obtained. In this work we review the system proposed in [19] in order to extract topography and local surface permittivity of biological samples. The system displays tridimensional images with a transverse resolution that is not limited by the numerical aperture NA of the scanning probe (as suggested by the Rayleigh limit), but it is related to the transverse field behavior of the electromagnetic field inside the micro-cavity. Differently, the source bandwidth, demodulation algorithm and optical spectrum analyzer resolution affect the resolution in the normal direction.
On the interpretation of seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) results
Authors: Bagińska Irena , Janecki Wojciech , Sobótka Maciej 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The paper deals with the methodology of performing and interpretation of seismic cone penetration test (SCPT). This type of test is used to determine velocity of the seismic wave in the soil medium. This study is focused on shear wave. The wave is triggered on the ground surface by hitting an anvil with a sledgehammer. Then, vibrations induced at different depths are measured. Based on recorded measurements wave velocity (Vs) and thus also small strain shear modulus Gmax may be calculated. An interpretation of exemplary seismic test results is presented. Crossover and cross-correlation methods are discussed and another, more adequate one is featured and then applied in the interpretation example. Conditions for correct test performance and interpretation are discussed.
Frictional characteristics of geosynthetic–geosynthetic and geosynthetic–soil interfaces determined by the inclined plane apparatus
Authors: Rzepecki Damian , Gourc Jean-Pierre , Dembicki Eugeniusz 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The problem of managing the unneeded and unusable materials is a serious challenge for modern societies. The progress of civilization is accompanied by an increase of the human population. This results in a constant increase of waste production. An average EU citizen generates over 500 kg of municipal waste per year, of which less than one third is recycled. The rest is either disposed of in the landfills or incinerated. Every landfill needs to be properly protected by an impermeable barrier - a liner. Its use is necessary to prevent soil and ground water contamination. The protection barrier needs to be implemented both at the bottom and at the top of a landfill. Various geosynthetic materials are utilized for a liner design. Waste disposed of in a landfill creates high embankments with steep slopes. In these conditions, the problem of liner stability arises. The tests, the results of which are presented in this paper, were conducted to analyze the behaviour of several different combinations of geosynthetic materials used for liner design and to calculate the friction angle of the interface between them. A set of combinations, crucial for the stability of a landfill capping system was tested: geomembrane-geospacer, geospacer-geotextile and geotextile-soil. All of the tests were conducted at the LTHE Laboratory at Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble, France
Hydromagnetic thermal instability of compressible Walters’ (Model B′) rotating fluid permeated with suspended particles in porous medium
Authors: Rana G.C. , Jamwal H.S. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this paper, the thermal instability of compressible Walters’ (Model B′) rotating fluid permeated with suspended particles (fine dust) in porous medium in hydromagnetics is considered. By applying normal mode analysis method, the dispersion relation has been derived and solved analytically. It is observed that the rotation, magnetic field, suspended particles and viscoelasticity introduce oscillatory modes. For stationary convection, Walters’ (Model B′) elastico-viscous fluid behaves like an ordinary Newtonian fluid and it is observed that rotation has stabilizing effect, suspended particles are found to have destabilizing effect on the system, whereas the medium permeability has stabilizing or destabilizing effect on the system under certain conditions. The magnetic field has destabilizing effect in the absence of rotation, whereas in the presence of rotation, magnetic field has stabilizing or destabilizing effect under certain conditions
Automation of selected brazes' dynamic properties in high-temperatures' measurement process
Authors: Sankowski Dominik , Bakala Marcin , Wojciechowski Rafał 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The good quality of several manufactured components frequently depends on solidliquid interactions existing during processing. Nowadays, the research in material engineering focuses also on modern, automatic measurement methods of joining process properties, i.a. wetting force and surface tension, which allows for quantitative determination of above mentioned parameters. In the paper, the brazes’ dynamic properties in high-temperatures’ measurement methodology and the stand for automatic determination of braze’s properties, constructed and implmented within the research grant nr KBN N N519 441 839 - An integrated platform for automatic measurement of wettability and surface tension of solders at high temperatures, are widely described
Preprocessing of GPR data
Authors: Szymczyk Magdalena , Szymczyk Piotr 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this article a set of procedures for data preprocessing of GPR radargrams are presented. Raw data taken from GPR are affected by different noises and instability of equipment. The data in this form, are not suitable for the further analysis. They must undergo a set of transformations in order to obtain indispensable information.
Object detection and tracking for low-cost video surveillance system
Authors: Przybylo Jaromir 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Automated and intelligent video surveillance systems play important role in the modern world. Since the amount of various video streams that must be analyzed grows, such artificial intelligence systems can assist humans in performing tiresome tasks. As a result, the effectiveness of response to a dangerous situations is increasing (detect unexpected movement or unusual behavior that may pose a threat to people, property and infrastructure). Video surveillance systems have to meet several requirements: must be accurate and not produce too many false alarms, moreover it must be able to process the received video stream in real-time to provide a sufficient response time. The work presented here focuses on the selected challenges of scene analysis in video surveillance systems (object detection/tracking, effectiveness of the whole system). The aim of the research is to design a low-budget surveillance system, that can be used for example in a home security monitoring. Such solution can be use not only to surveillance but also to monitor elderly person at home or provide new ways of interacting in human-computer interaction systems.
The results of the inventory of common hamster (Cricetus cricetus l.) sites conducted in małopolska voivodeship
Authors: Strejczek Paulina , Hędrzak Magdalena 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to show the results of a common hamster inventory conducted in 13 counties of Małopolska voivodeship in 2010-2013. First, we verified the data collected in a previous inventory conducted within the area of Małopolska in 2006-2007. Moreover, we searched some areas not included in the previous inventory. Active hamster sites were confirmed or newly discovered in seven counties. In some localities where hamster used to occur in the past, its presence has not been recently confirmed. The main causes of hamster population decline in the Małopolska voivodeship are discussed.
The distribution of the common hamster (Cricetus cricetus) in western Ukraine
Authors: Korbut Zofia , Yu. Rusin Mikhail , Banaszek Agata 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the current range of the common hamster (Cricetus cricetus) in western Ukraine by checking the points of occurrence known from literature, personal reports and museum collections. According to RUSIN et al. (2013) the common hamster was reported from 23 localities grouped in 12 areas in 7 oblasts of Western Ukraine. In total, we confirmed eight areas of hamster occurrence from RUSIN et al. (2013) and found one new locality. The highest densities of the common hamster occured around Hrymailiv, Ternopol oblast and Halych, Ivano- Frankovsk oblast. The areas located in the vicinity of Lutsk in Volyn oblast, Chernovtsy and between Sambir and Old Sambir in Lvov oblast represent medium density populations. Low and very low densities were found in areas close to Lvov and Kamieniec Podolski, and Khmelnitskiy oblast. In general, it can be stated that the Volyn Upland and Podolia are still inhabited by the common hamster. Moreover, habitat conditions that support the existence of the common hamster and possibilities of contact with hamster populations from neighboring countries are also discussed in this paper.
The common hamster as a synurbist: a history of settlement in european cities
Authors: Feoktistova Natalia Yu. , Surov Alexey V. , Tovpinetz Nikolay N. , Kropotkina M.V. , Bogomolov Pavel L. , Siutz Carina , Haberl Werner , Hoffmann Ilse E. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Following the expansion of agriculture in the Neolithic period, the common hamster has spread throughout Europe, and occurred abundantly until the recent past. However, in the last 45 years, populations declined markedly, partly attributable to urbanization and to major changes in agricultural practices. As a result, the species has been considered endangered at international levels as well as in most European countries. At the same time, the species has established populations in large Central and Eastern-European cities such as Vienna (Austria), Simferopol (Ukraine) and Nalchik (Russia), where it inhabits green spaces such as parks, gardens, embankments and buffer strips. In an attempt to reveal factors enabling hamsters to cope with urban environments, we reviewed historical data and habitat conditions of several urban hamster populations. We suggest that supplemental food resources and reduced predation pressure were the main factors promoting urban occurrence of common hamsters in the last 30 years. Its notable adaptability may be associated with higher stress resilience, ecological opportunism, polyphagy and higher fertility compared to species relying on non-urban habitats. The phenomenon of synurbization implies coexistence of wildlife and our urban civilization, but at the same time conflicting interests in conservation and urban development. Thus, the common hamster might serve as a model species for efficient mitigation and compensation concepts in urbanism and spatial planning.
Effect of Boronizing on the Deformation Behaviour of a H320LA Sheet Steel
Authors: Calik Adnan , Yakut Ali Kemal , Karakas Mustafa Serdar , Ucar Nazim 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The effect of boronizing on commercial H320LA steel sheets of 1 mm and 2 mm thickness was evaluated. The boronizing treatments were carried out in a solid medium at 1173 K for 5 h using the powder pack method. The boride layers formed on the surface were characterized and microhardness measurements were conducted on the borides and the substrate. Mechanical properties and deformation behaviour were compared by bending, tensile, deep drawing, and ballistic tests. The ballistic behaviour was investigated impacting against lead alloy core projectiles of 358 ± 12 m/s velocity at normal impact angle. The microhardness of the boride layers was approximately 1225–1455 HV0.1. Bend tests revealed a sharp decrease in flexural strengths of the boronized specimens. Deep drawability was impaired, while ballistic properties of the plates were improved with boronizing treatment due to improved surface hardness.
Manufacturing Prototype Sheet Metal Parts with a Polymer Metal Carcass Die
Authors: Durgun İsmail , Altınel Serkan Ali , Aybaraz Erkan , Sakin Ali , Polat Erkan 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Intense competitive environment and customers' changing demands and needs apply temporal and financial pressure to product development process. For this reason interest in design and innovation is inevitable. Reducing project duration also affects further applications as well as new tooling materials and methods become more important to catch up project schedule. Conventional methods of stamping process usually do not suit to prototype or low volume production in terms of project schedule and cost. In this study a polymer metal carcass die structure was introduced in order to stamp large sheet metal prototype parts. Dimensional conformance of prototype sheet metal parts was compared with actual production and as a result polymer metal carcass die method is an effective method for prototype sheet metal parts to meet the tolerance interval. Therefore, this method is cost effective and helps to meet the project schedule in time.
Optimization of Friction Welding Parameters of AISI 904L Super Austenitic Stainless Steel by Evolutionary Computational Techniques
Authors: Balamurugan Karupanan , Elies Jiju V , Sathiya Paul , Sait Abdullah Naveen 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Friction welding is a type of solid state welding which plays an important role in joining metal surfaces with the help of frictional heat accompanied with high force. Optimization of process parameters of friction welding is important for all types of materials. Optimization of input parameters of friction welding also plays a very significant role in determining the quality of a weld joint. Purpose of this study is to optimize the welding process parameters in friction welding of AISI 904L super austenitic stainless steel by using regression analysis and evolutionary algorithms. This study is to determine optimimum welding process parameters of friction welding with the help of genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA). Also, it explains how to obtain near optimum welding conditions in a wide range by conducting a relatively small number of experiments. Results of these evolutionary computational techniques were compared with experimental results. Finally, an optimization parameter is obtained for a maximum fatigue life and a minimum welding time.
Lateral Buckling Analysis of Composite Cantilevers with Square Hole using the Finite Element Method
Authors: Pasinli Ahmet 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The influences of hole dimension and position on the lateral buckling behaviour of woven fabric laminated composite cantilever beams having a square hole were investigated. Firstly, the theoretical, experimental and numerical characteristics of critical buckling loads of the beams without holes were investigated and compared with each other. It was shown that there is a good agreement among the theoretical, experimental and numerical results. The ANSYS finite element program was used for the numerical analyses. Furthermore, the numerical analyses of some models with various hole dimensions, different layer thicknesses, square shapes and fiber directions were performed by changing the distance between the hole. It is concluded for a square hole that the increase of the hole dimensions causes decrease of critical lateral buckling loads.