bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase levels at the normal and recurrent spontaneous abortion fetal–maternal interface
Authors: Ban Yanli , Chang Yongchun , Dong Baihua , Kong Beihua , Qu Xun 
Published: July 2013

Objectives To localize indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA and protein and to undertake a functional study at the first trimester fetal–maternal interface in order to determine whether the distribution and function of IDO are related to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Methods Women undergoing legal pregnancy termination and women with RSA participated in this prospective study. Immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction were used to analyse levels of IDO protein and mRNA in placenta, decidua and HTR-8/SVneo cells. Culture medium collected from trophoblast villous explant or HTR-8/SVneo cell cultures was used to measure IDO activity in response to interferon (IFN)-γ treatment. Results A total of 40 healthy women and 26 women with RSA provided samples of placenta and decidua. For normal pregnancies, IDO protein and mRNA was identified in placental trophoblasts, invasive extravillous trophoblasts and decidual glandular epithelium. IFN-γ significantly increased IDO activity in trophoblast villous explants and HTR-8/SVneo cells. Levels of IDO protein and mRNA in the placenta and decidua from normal pregnancies were significantly higher than in those from RSA. Conclusions Decreased levels of IDO protein and mRNA in the placenta and decidua from RSA suggest an important role for IDO in the maintenance of normal pregnancy.
Headache among CADASIL patients with R544C mutation: Prevalence, characteristics, and associations
Authors: Choi Jay Chol , Song Sook-Keun , Lee Jung Seok , Kang Sa-Yoon , Kang Ji-Hoon 
Published: July 2013

Background and aim There are variations of migraine prevalence in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) among different regions of the world. Previous studies on Asian CADASIL patients have not provided detailed descriptions of the characteristics of their headaches. The aims of this study were to determine prevalence and characteristics of headaches and to investigate associations between headache and other clinical symptoms or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings among homogenous group of patients having the same R544C mutation. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 53 CADASIL patients with the R544C mutation between May 2010 and April 2011. We obtained the history of headache using a structured questionnaire and detailed interview. Other clinical features and brain MRI findings were also assessed for potential associations. Results Overall headache prevalence was 45.3% (24 patients). Among them, 21 patients (87.5%) were classified as having tension-type headache, followed by migraine (two patients) and unclassifiable headaches (one patient). Except for alcohol consumption, no significant associations were observed between the headaches and other clinical features or brain MRI findings. Conclusion Migraine was found in only 3.8% of CADASIL patients with the R544C mutation. Such a low prevalence of migraine may hinder clinical detection of CADASIL among ethnically Asian patients.
Delayed Early Passive Motion Is Harmless to Shoulder Rotator Cuff Healing in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Zhang Shurong , Li Hong , Tao Hongyue , Li Hongyun , Cho Samson , Hua Yinghui , Chen Jiwu , Chen Shiyi , Li Yunxia 
Published: July 2013

Background: Postoperative passive motion is the most widely accepted rehabilitation protocol after rotator cuff repair; however, a rotator cuff retear remains a frequent surgical complication. Clinical outcomes indicate that early passive motion is harmless to rotator cuff healing, but no laboratory evidence supports this proposition. Hypotheses: (1) Immediate postoperative immobilization improves rotator cuff healing in rabbits. (2) Early passive motion after short-term immobilization does not harm rotator cuff healing in rabbits. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: An injury to the supraspinatus tendon was created and repaired in 90 New Zealand White rabbits, after which they were randomly separated into 3 groups: (1) nonimmobilization (NI; n = 30), (2) continuous immobilization (IM; n = 30), and (3) immobilization with early passive motion (IP; n = 30). At 3, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively, 5 rabbits from each group were sacrificed for histological evaluation, biomechanical testing, and magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The histological study demonstrated better postoperative healing in the IM and IP groups, with clusters of chondrocytes accumulated at the tendon-bone junction. Magnetic resonance imaging illustrated that the tendon-bone junction was intact in the IM and IP groups. The magnetic resonance quantification analysis showed that the signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ) of the NI group was not significantly higher than that of the immobilization groups at 3 weeks ( P = .232) or 6 weeks ( P = .117), but it was significantly different at 12 weeks (NI vs IM, P = .006; NI vs IP, P = .009). At 12 weeks, the failure load was significantly higher in the IM and IP groups than in the NI group (NI vs IM, P = .002; NI vs IP, P = .002), but no difference was found between the IM and IP groups ( P = .599). Conclusion: Immediate postoperative immobilization led to better tendon-bone healing than immediate postoperative mobilization, and under immobilization, early passive motion was harmless to tendon-bone healing in this study. Clinical Relevance: The results have an implication in supporting the rehabilitation protocol of early passive motion after rotator cuff repair.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: risk factors and clinical outcome
Authors: Jung SM , Moon S-J , Kwok S-K , Ju JH , Park K-S , Park S-H , Kim H-Y 
Published: July 2013

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an uncommon neurologic condition associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed to demonstrate the risk factors and clinical outcome of PRES in patients with SLE. Fifteen patients with SLE were diagnosed with PRES by characteristic clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features from 2000 to 2012. Clinical profiles and outcomes were assessed for this study population. Additionally, 48 SLE patients with neurologic symptoms who underwent brain MRI were included for comparative analyses. The median age and duration of SLE in patients with PRES was 27 and 6.1 years, respectively. Comparison between patients with and without PRES revealed significant differences in the presentation of hypertension and seizure, lupus nephritis with renal insufficiency, treatment with high-dose steroid and cyclophosphamide, recent transfusion, and lupus activity measured by SLE disease activity index. Renal failure was the single independent factor with a high odds ratio of 129.250 by multivariate analysis. Of 15 patients, four experienced relapse and two died of sepsis during hospitalization. Our results suggest that lupus nephritis with renal dysfunction and other related clinical conditions can precede the occurrence of PRES in patients with SLE. It is important to perform early brain imaging for a timely diagnosis of PRES when clinically suspected.
Lesion-to-ventricle distance and other risk factors for the persistence of newly formed black holes in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Papadopoulou Athina , Menegola Milena , Kuhle Jens , Ramagopalan Sreeram V , D’Souza Marcus , Sprenger Till , Radue Ernst-Wilhelm , Kappos Ludwig , Yaldizli Özgür 
Published: July 2013

Background: Progenitor cells from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles are assumed to contribute to remyelination and resolution of black holes (BHs) in multiple sclerosis (MS). This process may depend on the distance between the lesion and the SVZ. Objective: The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between lesion-to-ventricle (LV) distance and persistence of new BHs. Methods: We analysed the magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 289 relapsing–remitting (RR) MS patients, obtained during a multi-centre, placebo-controlled phase II trial over one year. Results: Overall, 112/289 patients showed 367 new BHs at the beginning of the trial. Of these, 225 were located in 94/112 patients at the level of the lateral ventricles on axial MRIs and included in this analysis. In total, 86/225 (38%) BHs persisted at month 12. LV distance in persistent BHs (PBHs) was not longer than in transient BHs. In fact PBHs tended to be closer to the SVZ than transient BHs. A generalised linear mixed multivariate model adjusted for BHs clustered within a patient and including patient- as well as lesion-specific factors revealed size, ring contrast enhancement, and shorter LV distance as independent predictors for BH persistence. Conclusion: Location of BHs close to the lateral ventricles does not appear to favourably influence the resolution of new BHs in RRMS.
Operative Fixation of Chondral Loose Bodies in Osteochondritis Dissecans in the Knee
Authors: Anderson Christian N. , Magnussen Robert A. , Block John J. , Anderson Allen F. , Spindler Kurt P. 
Published: July 2013

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) can progress to loose body formation, with or without subchondral bone attachment to the lesion. The efficacy of internal fixation of chondral loose bodies has not been determined. Hypothesis: Operative fixation of cartilaginous loose bodies would result in (1) healed OCD at second-look arthroscopy, (2) restored cartilage appearance on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and (3) nearly normal knee function, as determined by patient-reported outcome scores. Study Design: Retrospective case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Five patients who underwent cartilaginous loose body fixation were identified. Lesions were located on the lateral trochlea (n = 2) and medial femoral condyle (n = 3) (mean size, 2.5 cm2). Loose bodies were reattached with compression screws through mini-arthrotomy or arthroscopy. Patients were nonweightbearing for 12 weeks postoperatively. After 12 weeks, screws were removed arthroscopically, and OCD stability was evaluated. Three patients underwent MRI to determine articular cartilage status. Images were evaluated using the magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score. Patients were interviewed and completed the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire. Results: Four patients had stable lesions at 12 weeks after surgery. One patient had slight motion to one-third of the lesion and stability to the remaining two-thirds. Three patients underwent an MRI. The mean time from surgery to MRI was 3.1 years. Mean MOCART score was 72.0 ± 10.4. One patient required repeat arthroscopy 1 year after initial fixation for debridement and arthroscopic drilling of an incompletely healed area of the lesion. Four patients completed the KOOS questionnaire. The mean time to KOOS completion was 4.6 years. Mean KOOS subscales for knee pain (91.0 ± 8.9), knee symptoms (83.0 ± 7.9), and function in activities of daily living (91.9 ± 10.6) were similar to published age-matched controls; however, scores for sports and recreation function (70.0 ± 17.8) and knee-related quality of life (67.2 ± 12.9) were lower. Conclusion: Operative fixation of chondral loose bodies, without macroscopically visible subchondral bone attachment, resulted in lesion stability at second-look arthroscopy. At final follow-up, patients had no substantial pain and normal function in activities of daily life compared with controls; however, knee-related quality of life and sport and recreation function were reduced, and 1 patient required reoperation for an unhealed portion of the lesion.
Performance and Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Male Major League Soccer Players
Authors: Erickson Brandon J. , Harris Joshua D. , Cvetanovich Gregory L. , Bach Bernard R. , Bush-Joseph Charles A. , Abrams Geoffrey D. , Gupta Anil K. , McCormick Frank M. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: July 2013

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a significant injury in male Major League Soccer (MLS) players in the United States. Purpose: To determine (1) return-to-sport (RTS) rate in MLS following ACL reconstruction (ACLR), (2) timing of RTS, (3) performance upon RTS, and (4) the difference in RTS and performance between players who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and controls. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: MLS players undergoing ACLR between 1996 and 2012 were evaluated. Player data were extracted from publically available sources. All demographic data were analyzed. A control group of players matched by age, body mass index (BMI), sex, position, performance, and MLS experience (occurred at 2.6 years into career, designated “index year”) was selected from the MLS during the same years as those undergoing ACLR. The RTS and performance in the MLS were analyzed and compared between cases and controls. Student ttests were performed for analysis of within- and between-group variables. Results: A total of 52 players (57 knees) that met inclusion criteria underwent ACLR while in the MLS. Mean player age was 25.6 ± 3.98 years. Forty players were able to resume play (77%). Of the 40 players (45 knees), 38 (43 knees; 95%) resumed play the season following ACLR (mean, 10 ± 2.8 months after surgery). Mean career length in the MLS after ACLR was 4.0 ± 2.8 years. The revision rate was 10%. There was a significant increase in the incidence of ACL tears in the MLS by year ( P < .001), and there was a significantly ( P= .002) greater number of ACL tears on the left knee as opposed to the right. Performance in the MLS upon RTS after ACLR was not significantly different versus preinjury. There was no significant difference in survival in the MLS between cases and controls after ACLR or index year. The only significant performance differences between cases and controls were that cases had significantly greater shots taken per season ( P= .005) and assists ( P= .005) than did controls after the index year. Conclusion: There is a high RTS rate in the MLS following ACLR. Nearly all players resumed play the season after surgery. Performance was not significantly different from preinjury. Only 2 performance measures (shots taken and assists) were significantly different between cases and controls. A significantly greater number of ACL tears occur in the left versus the right knee.
Intravenous immunoglobulin expands regulatory T cells via induction of cyclooxygenase-2–dependent prostaglandin E2 in human dendritic cells
Authors: Trinath Jamma , Hegde Pushpa , Sharma Meenu , Maddur Mohan S. , Rabin Magalie , Vallat Jean-Michel , Magy Laurent , Balaji Kithiganahalli N. , Kaveri Srini V. , Bayry Jagadeesh 
Published: July 2013

Key Points
IVIg expands Tregs in vitro and in vivo via induction of COX-2–dependent PGE2 in DCs. These functions of IVIg are mediated in part via interaction of IVIg and F(ab′)2 fragments of IVIg with DC-SIGN on DCs.
Partial ADAMTS13 deficiency in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: Feng Shuju , Eyler Stephen J. , Zhang Yuzhou , Maga Tara , Nester Carla M. , Kroll Michael H. , Smith Richard J. , Afshar-Kharghan Vahid 
Published: July 2013

Key Points
Reduction in ADAMTS13 function and complement dysregulation coexist in a significant number of patients with aHUS. Variations in the ADAMTS13 gene (polymorphisms and rare variants) are partly responsible for the reduced ADAMTS13 function in aHUS.
Impact of donor source on hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
Authors: Saber Wael , Cutler Corey S. , Nakamura Ryotaro , Zhang Mei-Jie , Atallah Ehab , Rizzo J. Douglas , Maziarz Richard T. , Cortes Jorge , Kalaycio Matt E. , Horowitz Mary M. 
Published: July 2013

Key Points
For patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, post-transplant survival is not determined by donor source (unrelated vs related). However, for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, donor source remains an important determinant of post-transplantation outcomes.
Methylation levels at IGF2 and GNAS DMRs in infants born to preeclamptic pregnancies
Authors: He Jing , Zhang Aiping , Fang Min , Fang Rong , Ge Jiamei , Jiang Yuan , Zhang Hong , Han Cong , Ye Xiaoqun , Yu Danqing , Huang Hefeng , Liu Yun , Dong Minyue 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Offspring of pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia are at high risk for hypertension, stroke and possibly obesity. The mechanisms behind the association of intrauterine exposure to preeclampsia and high risk of health problems in the later life remain largely unknown. The aims of the current investigation were to determine the changes in DNA methylation at IGF2 and GNAS DMR in offspring of preeclamptic pregnancy and to explore the possible mechanisms underlying the association between maternal preeclampsia and high risk for health problems in the later life of their offspring.

Results
Umbilical cord blood was taken from infants born to women of preeclampsia (n=56), gestational hypertension (n=23) and normal pregnancy (n=81). DNA methylation levels of IGF2 and GNAS DMR were determined by Massarray quantitative methylation analysis. Methylation levels at IGF2 DMR were significantly lower in preeclampsia than normal pregnancy. The average methylation level at IGF2 DMR was significantly correlated with preeclampsia even after birth weight, maternal age, gestational age at delivery and fetal gender were adjusted. The difference in methylation level was not significantly different between mild and severe preeclampsia. The methylation level at GNAS DMR was not significantly correlated with birth weight, maternal age, gestational age at delivery, fetal gender, preeclampsia or gestational hypertension.

Conclusions
We concluded preeclampsia induced a decrease in methylation level at IGF 2 DMR, and this might be among the mechanisms behind the association between intrauterine exposure to preeclampsia and high risk for metabolic diseases in the later life of the infants.
ACE-inhibition, but not weight reduction restores cardiomyocyte response to β-adrenergic stimulation in the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Nevelsteen Ines , Bito Virginie , Van der Mieren Gerry , Vanderper Annelies , Van den Bergh An , Sipido Karin R , Mubagwa Kanigula , Herijgers Paul 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by systolic and early diastolic ventricular dysfunction. In the metabolic syndrome (MS), ventricular stiffness is additionally increased in a later stage. It is unknown whether this is related to intrinsic cardiomyocyte dysfunction, extrinsic factors influencing cardiomyocyte contractility and/or cardiac function, or a combination of both. A first aim was to study cardiomyocyte contractility and Ca2+ handling in vitro in a mouse model of MS. A second aim was to investigate whether in vivo hypocaloric diet or ACE-inhibition (ACE-I) improved cardiomyocyte contractility in vitro, contractile reserve and Ca2+ handling.

Methods
This study was performed in LDL-receptor (LDLR−/−) and leptin-deficient (ob/ob), double knock-out mice (DKO), featuring obesity, type II diabetes, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension. Single knock-out LDLR−/−, ob/ob and wild type mice were used as controls. Cellular contractility, Ca2+ handling and their response to in vivo treatment with diet or ACE-I were studied in isolated cardiomyocytes at baseline, during β-adrenergic stimulation or increased extracellular Ca2+, using field stimulation and patch-clamp.

Results
In untreated conditions, prolongation of contraction-relaxation cycle and altered Ca2+ handling are observed in MS. Response to increased extracellular Ca2+ and β-adrenergic stimulation is impaired and could not be rescued by weight loss. ACE-I restored impaired response to β-adrenergic stimulation in MS, but not the decreased response to increased extracellular Ca2+.

Conclusions
Cardiomyocyte contractility and β-adrenergic response are impaired in MS, due to alterations in cellular Ca2+ handling. ACE-I, but not weight loss, is able to restore cardiomyocyte response to β-adrenergic stimulation in MS.
Inequalities in self-rated health among 45+ year-olds in Almaty, Kazakhstan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abikulova Akmaral K , Tulebaev Kazbek A , Akanov Aikan A , Turdalieva Botagoz S , Kalmahanov Sundetgali B , Kumar Ainur B , Izekenova Aigulsum K , Mussaeva Bakhyt A , Grjibovski Andrej M 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Self-rated health (SRH) has been widely studied to assess health inequalities in both developed and developing countries. However, no studies have been performed in Central Asia. The aim of the study was to assess gender-, ethnic-, and social inequalities in SRH in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Methods
Altogether, 1500 randomly selected adults aged 45 years or older were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study and 1199 agreed (response rate 80%). SRH was classified as poor, satisfactory, good and excellent. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to study associations between SRH and socio-demographic characteristics. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for poor vs. good and for satisfactory vs. good health were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Altogether, poor, satisfactory, good and excellent health was reported by 11.8%, 53.7%, 31.0% and 3.2% of the responders, respectively. Clear gradients in SRH were observed by age, education and self-reported material deprivation in both crude and adjusted analyses. Women were more likely to report poor (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.1) or satisfactory (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.1) than good health. Ethnic Russians and unmarried participants had greater odds for poor vs. good health (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.5-3.7 and OR = 4.0, 95% CI: 2.7-6.1, respectively) and for satisfactory vs. good health (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9 and OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.4-2.5, respectively) in crude analysis, but the estimates were reduced to non-significant levels after adjustment. Unemployed and pensioners were less likely to report good health than white-collar workers while no difference in SRH was observed between white- and blue-collar workers.

Conclusion
Considerable levels of inequalities in SRH by age, gender, education and particularly self-reported material deprivation, but not by ethnicity or marital status were found in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Further research is warranted to identify the factors behind the observed associations in Kazakhstan.