bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negatieve reacties en sociale contacten van partners van gedetineerden in Nederland: een empirisch onderzoek
Authors: van ’t Hoff-de Goede Susanne , van der Lippe Tanja , Reef Joni , Nieuwbeerta Paul , Dirkzwager Anja 
Published: May 2015

Negative reactions and social contacts of partners of detainees in the Netherlands: an empirical study
Not only detainees, but also their spouses can experience negative consequences of imprisonment. Even though these negative consequences can be far-reaching, research in this area is scarce. This paper researches if detention causes female partners of male detainees in the Netherlands to experience negative reactions from family, friends and neighbours and if this causes changes in their social contacts. This study used longitudinal data from the Prison Project on 119 partners of detainees. Results show that many partners of detainees receive negative reactions from their network members. When partners of detainees experience negative reactions from their family in law, friends or neighbours, their contacts with those groups decrease. When partners of detainees experience negative reactions from their friends, their contact with their family increases.
Interpretive Diagnostic Error Reduction in Surgical Pathology and Cytology: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists Pathology and Laboratory Quality Center and the Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology
Authors: Nakhleh Raouf E. , Nosé Vania , Colasacco Carol , Fatheree Lisa A. , Lillemoe Tamera J. , McCrory Douglas C. , Meier Frederick A. , Otis Christopher N. , Owens Scott R. , Raab Stephen S. , Turner Roderick R. , Ventura Christina B. , Renshaw Andrew A. 
Published: May 2015

Context
Additional reviews of diagnostic surgical and cytology cases have been shown to detect diagnostic discrepancies.

Objective
To develop, through a systematic review of the literature, recommendations for the review of pathology cases to detect or prevent interpretive diagnostic errors.

Design
The College of American Pathologists Pathology and Laboratory Quality Center in association with the Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology convened an expert panel to develop an evidence-based guideline to help define the role of case reviews in surgical pathology and cytology. A literature search was conducted to gather data on the review of cases in surgical pathology and cytology.

Results
The panel drafted 5 recommendations, with strong agreement from open comment period participants ranging from 87% to 93%. The recommendations are: (1) anatomic pathologists should develop procedures for the review of selected pathology cases to detect disagreements and potential interpretive errors; (2) anatomic pathologists should perform case reviews in a timely manner to avoid having a negative impact on patient care; (3) anatomic pathologists should have documented case review procedures that are relevant to their practice setting; (4) anatomic pathologists should continuously monitor and document the results of case reviews; and (5) if pathology case reviews show poor agreement within a defined case type, anatomic pathologists should take steps to improve agreement.

Conclusions
Evidence exists that case reviews detect errors; therefore, the expert panel recommends that anatomic pathologists develop procedures for the review of pathology cases to detect disagreements and potential interpretive errors, in order to improve the quality of patient care.
Cell Proliferation Measured by Ki67 Staining and Correlation to Clinicopathological Parameters in Operable Breast Carcinomas from Vietnamese and Swedish Patients
Authors: Vu Hong Thang  , Lambert Skoog  , Nguyen Ba Duc  , Ta Thanh Van  , Edneia Tani  
Published: May 2015

Background: Cell proliferation measured by Ki67 has recently been shown to be a prognostic and predictive factor in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to compare cell proliferation determined by Ki67 expression with different clinicopathologic parameters among Vietnamese and Swedish women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods:The study was based on series of breast cancer from Vietnamese patients treated in the National Cancer Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam and from Swedish patients treated in the Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Cell proliferation was measured by Ki67 staining in an automated procedure and was expressed as percentage of stained tumor cell nuclei. Results:The distribution and mean of Ki67 indices from Vietnamese patients were similar to those estimated from Swedish patients, 27.7% (±17.1%) vs. 26.9% (±23.1%). There were no differences between the two series of patients with respect to proliferation index and age, tumor size and lymph node status. The mean Ki67 indices were higher in high grade tumors in both series. In addition, Swedish patients had significantly higher Ki67 indices in tumors associated with other poor prognostic factors as compared to Vietnamese, 52.8% vs. 31.9% in ER(-) tumors, 39.6% vs. 30.7% in PgR(-) tumors and 40.1% vs. 28.3% in HER2 amplified tumors, respectively. Conclusions: The cell proliferation index in breast cancers was similar in the Vietnamese and Swedish series. High proliferation was associated with poor prognostic factors such as high grade, hormone receptor negativity and HER2amplification.
Lois autochtones, loi sur la propriété intellectuelle et politiques muséales
Authors: Bell Catherine E. , Lai Jessica C. , Skorodenski Laura K. , Kerbiriou Anne-Hélène 
Published: May 2015

La question des relations respectueuses et, dans le cadre de ces relations, la question de la conciliation des lois et des valeurs relatives à l’usage et au contrôle du patrimoine immatériel autochtone, sont soulevées dans de nombreux contextes muséaux, entre autres en ce qui concerne : le rapatriement des objets de culture matérielle et des informations associées ; la cogestion des informations et des expressions culturelles qui étaient (ou ont été) considérées comme sensibles ou sacrées par une communauté autochtone ; les données et les résultats des recherches portant sur les Peuples autochtones ou menées sur leurs territoires ; et les images numériques et les procédés multimédias conçus pour améliorer les expositions ou l’accès aux informations, ainsi que la participation des Autochtones à l’interprétation et au contrôle des collections et/ou la participation du grand public par l’intermédiaire des technologies actuelles (par exemple, les « musées virtuels »). Cependant, la nature particulière des normes occidentales de la propriété intellectuelle (dictées dans une large mesure par des contraintes internationales) et la scission entre matériel et immatériel dans le domaine de la propriété occidentale compliquent le tableau. Cet article décrit l’environnement juridique et politique actuel du traitement du patrimoine immatériel dans les expositions et les collections muséales et la façon dont la Loi sur la propriété intellectuelle, en particulier sur les questions des marques de commerce et des droits d’auteur, présente autant d’opportunités que de difficultés pour la mise en oeuvre de politiques acceptables vis-à-vis des lois autochtones et de relations respectueuses avec les Autochtones.
Accompagner les Taonga à travers le monde
Authors: Gagné Natacha , Roustan Mélanie 
Published: May 2015

L’exposition E Tû Ake : Standing Strong (Mâori debout) conçue par le musée national de Nouvelle-Zélande, le Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, fut présentée en 2011-2012 au Musée du quai Branly, à Paris, et en 2012-2013 au Musée de la civilisation, à Québec. Sont discutés ici les résultats préliminaires d’une recherche comparative portant sur la conception et la réception de cette exposition itinérante : ses permanences et transformations au sein des différentes institutions, les effets de la volonté des Mâori de maintenir la dimension rituelle des objets. Il s’agit de réfléchir à l’exposition comme une « vue de l’Autre », au double sens d’un regard porté par les Mâori sur eux-mêmes et leurs objets, et d’un regard porté sur eux à travers leurs objets et leur mise en scène. Le croisement de ces regards permet de saisir l’exposition comme créatrice d’un espace de réflexion sur Soi et sur le rapport à l’altérité, que ce soit au niveau des équipes des musées ou de leurs visiteurs. Ces questionnements prirent des tonalités différentes en fonction des traditions muséales et nationales. Nous explorons ces processus en portant une attention particulière au traitement des objets et aux usages des corps.
Dé-voiler les objets
Authors: Moiroux Sophie 
Published: May 2015

À partir des installations muséales de l’artiste contemporain Jimmie Durham et en tenant compte de ses réflexions, cet article propose une analyse des mécanismes mis en oeuvre afin d’exposer la « normalité », ou le regard courant porté sur les objets, que l’artiste a observé chez son public, celui des musées occidentaux. Durham présente des objets banals ou stéréotypés dans des vitrines avec cartels, composant des installations produites spécifiquement pour leur public, lequel est invité à s’engager dans les oeuvres. Il met en évidence la « normalité », en opérant notamment par des décalages humoristiques, et la fait entrer dans les musées en exposant des artéfacts qui ne s’y trouvent pas habituellement. Durham dévoile des implications occultées mais oppressantes de ce regard, en particulier en contexte colonial, et tente, par diverses investigations, de provoquer une réflexivité chez le spectateur dans le but de l’ouvrir à d’autres regards sur soi et sur les autres.
Représentations de soi et décolonisation dans les musées
Authors: Jérôme Laurent , Kaine Élisabeth 
Published: May 2015

À partir d’une expérience de muséologie participative menée avec des représentants autochtones pour la réalisation de la nouvelle exposition de référence des Musées de la civilisation de Québec, cet article propose une réflexion sur les enjeux, les défis et les limites des stratégies de représentations de Soi et des processus de décolonisation en muséologie. L’étape du développement des contenus – plus précisément celle du choix des objets à exposer –, de l’élaboration du discours les accompagnant et de la création des dispositifs de présentation servira de point d’ancrage à cette réflexion. Si les objets sont des éléments fondateurs du discours en muséologie, qui doit parler à travers eux dans le cadre d’une démarche visant la décolonisation des pratiques muséales et favorisant la représentation de Soi par les Autochtones ? En quoi l’objet et les réflexions liées à sa mise en scène dans une exposition peuvent-ils devenir les vecteurs d’un processus de décolonisation de la muséologie ?
Planetary gyre, time‐dependent eddies, torsional waves, and equatorial jets at the Earth's core surface
Authors: Gillet N. , Jault D. , Finlay C. C. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe report a calculation of time‐dependent quasi‐geostrophic core flows for 1940–2010. Inverting recursively for an ensemble of solutions, we evaluate the main source of uncertainties, namely, the model errors arising from interactions between unresolved core surface motions and magnetic fields. Temporal correlations of these uncertainties are accounted for. The covariance matrix for the flow coefficients is also obtained recursively from the dispersion of an ensemble of solutions. Maps of the flow at the core surface show, upon a planetary‐scale gyre, time‐dependent large‐scale eddies at midlatitudes, and vigorous azimuthal jets in the equatorial belt. The stationary part of the flow predominates on all the spatial scales that we can resolve. We retrieve torsional waves that explain the length‐of‐day changes at 4 to 9.5 years periods. These waves may be triggered by the nonlinear interaction between the magnetic field and subdecadal nonzonal motions within the fluid outer core. Both the zonal and the more energetic nonzonal interannual motions were particularly intense close to the equator (below 10∘ latitude) between 1995 and 2010. We revise down the amplitude of the decade fluctuations of the planetary‐scale circulation and find that electromagnetic core‐mantle coupling is not the main mechanism for angular momentum exchanges on decadal time scales if mantle conductance is 3 × 108 S or lower.
Passive buoyant tracers in the ocean surface boundary layer: 1. Influence of equilibrium wind‐waves on vertical distributions
Authors: Kukulka T. , Brunner K. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis paper is the first of a two part series that investigates passive buoyant tracers in the ocean surface boundary layer. The first part examines the influence of equilibrium wind‐waves on vertical tracer distributions, based on large eddy simulations (LES) of the wave‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equation. The second part applies the model to investigate observations of buoyant microplastic marine debris, which has emerged as a major ocean pollutant. The LES model captures both Langmuir turbulence (LT) and enhanced turbulent kinetic energy input due to breaking waves (BW) by imposing equilibrium wind‐wave statistics for a range of wind and wave conditions. Concentration profiles of LES agree well with analytic solutions obtained for an eddy diffusivity profile that is constant near the surface and transitions into the K‐Profile Parameterization (KPP) profile shape at greater depth. For a range of wind and wave conditions, the eddy diffusivity normalized by the product of water‐side friction velocity and mixed layer depth, h, mainly depends on a single nondimensional parameter, the peak wavelength (which is related to Stokes drift decay depth) normalized by h. For smaller wave ages, BW critically enhances near‐surface mixing, while LT effects are relatively small. For greater wave ages, both BW and LT contribute to elevated near‐surface mixing, and LT significantly increases turbulent transport at greater depth. We identify a range of realistic wind and wave conditions for which only Langmuir (and not BW or shear driven) turbulence is capable of deeply submerging buoyant tracers.
Shear‐generated turbulence in the equatorial Pacific produced by small vertical scale flow features
Authors: Richards K. J. , Natarov A. , Firing E. , Kashino Y. , Soares S. M. , Ishizu M. , Carter G. S. , Lee J. H. , Chang K. I. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe investigate the characteristics of shear‐generated turbulence in the natural environment by considering data from a number of cruises in the western equatorial Pacific. In this region, the vertical shear of the flow is dominated by flow structures that have a relatively small vertical scale of O(10 m). Combining data from all cruises, we find a strong relationship between the turbulent dissipation rate, ϵ, vertical shear, S, and buoyancy frequency, N. Examination of ϵ at a fixed value of Richardson number, Ri = N2∕S2, shows that
for a wide range of values of N, where ut is an appropriate velocity scale which we assume to be the horizontal velocity scale of the turbulence. The implied vertical length scale, ℓv = ut∕N, is consistent with theoretical and numerical studies of stratified turbulence. Such behavior is found for Ri < 0.4. The vertical diffusion coefficient then scales as
at a fixed value of Richardson number. The amplitude of ϵ is found to increase with decreasing Ri, but only modestly, and certainly less dramatically than suggested by some parameterization schemes. Provided the shear generating the turbulence is resolved, our results point to a way to parameterize the unresolved turbulence.
Linkage between lateral circulation and near‐surface vertical mixing in a coastal plain estuary
Authors: Huguenard K. D. , Valle‐Levinson A. , Li M. , Chant R. J. , Souza A. J. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMicrostructure and current velocity measurements were collected at a cross‐channel transect in the James River under spring and neap tidal conditions in May 2010 to study cross‐estuary variations in vertical mixing. Results showed that near‐surface mixing was related to lateral circulation during the ebb phase of a tidal cycle, and that the linkage was somewhat similar from neap to spring tides. During neap tides, near‐surface mixing was generated by the straining of lateral density gradients influenced by the advection of fresh, riverine water on the right side (looking seaward) of the transect. Spring tide results revealed similar findings on the right side of the cross section. However, on the left side, the straining by velocity shears acted in concert with density straining. Weak along‐estuary velocities over the left shoal were connected to faster velocities in the channel via a clockwise lateral circulation (looking seaward). These results provided evidence that in the absence of direct wind forcing, near‐surface vertical mixing can occur from mechanisms uncoupled from bottom friction.
Effects of a changing climate on summertime fine particulate matter levels in the eastern U.S.
Authors: Day Melissa C. , Pandis Spyros N. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe chemical transport model PMCAMx is used to examine the effect of climate change on fine (under 2.5 µms) particulate matter (PM2.5) during the summer in the eastern United States. Meteorology from 10 years in the 1990s (present) and 10 years in the 2050s (future) based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change A2 scenario is used. Anthropogenic pollutant emissions are assumed to remain constant, while biogenic emissions are climate sensitive and, depending on species, increase between 15 and 27% on average. The predicted changes of PM2.5 are modest (increases of less than 10% on average across the domain) and quite variable in space, ranging from +13% in the Plains to −7% in the Northeast. Variability is driven concurrently by changes in temperature, wind speed, rainfall, and relative humidity, with no single dominant meteorological factor. Sulfate and organic aerosol are responsible for most of the PM2.5 change. The improved treatment of organic aerosol using the volatility basis set does not increase significantly its sensitivity to climate change compared to traditional treatments that neglect the volatility of primary particles and do not simulate the chemical aging processes. Future organic aerosol is predicted to be more oxidized due to increases of its secondary biogenic and anthropogenic components. These results suggest that the effects of planned and expected emission anthropogenic emission controls will be more important than those of climate change for PM2.5 concentrations in 2050. Maximum daily 8 h average ozone increases by 5% on average are predicted, with a marked increase in the Northeast, Southeast, and Midwest.
Revising the slant column density retrieval of nitrogen dioxide observed by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument
Authors: Marchenko S. , Krotkov N. A. , Lamsal L. N. , Celarier E. A. , Swartz W. H. , Bucsela E. J. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNitrogen dioxide retrievals from the Aura/Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) have been used extensively over the past decade, particularly in the study of tropospheric air quality. Recent comparisons of OMI NO2 with independent data sets and models suggested that the OMI values of slant column density (SCD) and stratospheric vertical column density (VCD) in both the NASA OMNO2 and Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute DOMINO products are too large, by around 10–40%. We describe a substantially revised spectral fitting algorithm, optimized for the OMI visible light spectrometer channel. The most important changes comprise a flexible adjustment of the instrumental wavelength shifts combined with iterative removal of the ring spectral features; the multistep removal of instrumental noise; iterative, sequential estimates of SCDs of the trace gases in the 402–465 nm range. These changes reduce OMI SCD(NO2) by 10–35%, bringing them much closer to SCDs retrieved from independent measurements and models. The revised SCDs, submitted to the stratosphere‐troposphere separation algorithm, give tropospheric VCDs ∼10–15% smaller in polluted regions, and up to ∼30% smaller in unpolluted areas. Although the revised algorithm has been optimized specifically for the OMI NO2 retrieval, our approach could be more broadly applicable.
The Fe snow regime in Ganymede's core: A deep‐seated dynamo below a stable snow zone
Authors: Rückriemen T. , Breuer D. , Spohn T. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractGanymede shows signs of a present‐day magnetic field, whose origin is thought to be in its core. The Fe snow regime has been suggested to be vital in Ganymede's history. In this regime, Fe crystals first form at the core‐mantle boundary and later settle to the deeper core due to their higher density (Fe snow). A stable chemical gradient arises within the liquid of the snow zone. Below the snow zone the Fe particles remelt. We propose that the remelting of Fe in the deeper, entirely liquid core initiates compositional convection, which could be the origin of the dynamo. Such a dynamo is restricted by the period of time the snow zone needs to grow across the core. We investigate this time period with a 1‐D core evolution model by varying the initial sulfur concentration, the core heat flux, and the thermal conductivity of the core. For the proposed dynamo in the deeper liquid core, we obtain necessary time periods of between 320 and 800 Myr and magnetic field strengths at the surface that match the observed value of 719 nT. To explain the present magnetic field, we favor cores with high sulfur concentrations because those lead to a late start and a long duration of the dynamo. Furthermore, a present dynamo below the snow zone suggests the absence of an inner core.
Analyzing the effects of excess rainfall properties on the scaling structure of peak discharges: Insights from a mesoscale river basin
Authors: Ayalew Tibebu B. , Krajewski Witold F. , Mantilla Ricardo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractKey theoretical and empirical results from the past two decades have established that peak discharges resulting from a single rainfall‐runoff event in a nested watershed exhibit a power law, or scaling, relation to drainage area and that the parameters of the power law relation, henceforth referred to as the flood scaling exponent and intercept, change from event to event. To date, only two studies have been conducted using empirical data, both using data from the 21 km2 Goodwin Creek Experimental Watershed that is located in Mississippi, in an effort to uncover the physical processes that control the event‐to‐event variability of the flood scaling parameters. Our study expands the analysis to the mesoscale Iowa River basin (A = 32,400 km2), which is located in eastern Iowa, and provides additional insights into the physical processes that control the flood scaling parameters. Using 51 rainfall‐runoff events that we identified over the 12 year period since 2002, we show how the duration and depth of excess rainfall, which is the portion of rainfall that contributes to direct runoff, control the flood scaling exponent and intercept. Moreover, using a diagnostic simulation study that is guided by evidence found in empirical data, we show that the temporal structure of excess rainfall has a significant effect on the scaling structure of peak discharges. These insights will contribute toward ongoing efforts to provide a framework for flood prediction in ungauged basins.