bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complexity stratification of the arterial switch operation: a second learning curve
Authors: Lacour-Gayet Francois 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe arterial switch operation has become a safe operation in many centres. The complexity of the procedure has evolved over the last two decades. Several anatomical features can hardly be considered complex today, namely, normal coronary anatomy, circumflex coming off the right coronary artery, eccentric ostium, and early take-off of an infundibular artery. In addition, as peri-operative mortality becomes very low, the outcomes need to be evaluated on the peri-operative morbidity, late reoperations, and late deaths. The arterial switch operation remains complex in around 20% of the cases, where one or several complexity factors are associated. The complexity of the coronary arteries is a major factor. According to a classification essentially based on the course of the coronary arteries, complex coronaries include: double-looping coronaries, anterior-looping coronaries, intramural coronaries, and single coronary ostium. The most challenging coronary pattern remains the association of a single ostium with intramural course. Other features are equally complex: severe malalignment of the commissures, aortic arch obstruction, multiple ventricular septal defect, Taussig–Bing with subaortic obstruction, double-outlet right ventricle non-committed ventricular septal defect, transposition of the great arteries-intact ventricular septum >3 weeks, transposition of the great arteries-ventricular septal defect with high lung resistances and weight <2.5 kg. Owing to the fact that the risks of arterial switch operation vary according to the experience of the centres, we defined the arterial switch operation complexity based on a subjective approach as proposed by the Aristotle comprehensive score. The recent introduction of a morbidity score will allow to stratify more accurately the outcomes when the peri-operative mortality is very low or nil. The complexity of the coronary patterns tends to be well controlled today. It remains that rare coronary failures and aortic root dilation will occur in the long term, requiring a close follow-up of the most complex patients. Successfully achieving complex arterial switch operation implies a second learning curve.
Arrhythmia management in patients with a common arterial trunk and d-transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Decker Jamie A. , McCormack Jorge , Cohen Mitchell I. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractArrhythmias in patients with congenital heart disease present a challenge to the care of these patients and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Transposition of the great arteries and common arterial trunk are no exceptions. It is important to identify risk factors for arrhythmia development in the peri-operative period. The peri-operative arrhythmia burden may relate to the underlying congenital heart disease, haemodynamic perturbations, operative events, and potential residual lesions. In addition, these patients are at risk for developing arrhythmias later in life, and non-invasive and potentially invasive arrhythmia surveillance should be a routine part of the care of these patients. This article highlights important strategies to manage arrhythmia development and prevention in this patient population.
Primary care management of patients with common arterial trunk and transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Boris Jeffrey R. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPrimary care cardiology, also known as ambulatory or outpatient cardiology, for the longitudinal management of patients with common arterial trunk or with transposition of the great arteries is both poorly described and has limited evidence to justify its basis. This article discusses some of the various complications that these patients can develop, reviews the medical literature, and describes a framework for care of these complex patients from infancy to transition to adult congenital cardiac specialist care.
Rationalising the nomenclature of common arterial trunk
Authors: Jacobs Marshall L. , Anderson Robert H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractHearts having a common arterial trunk belong to a family of congenital cardiac malformations for which traditional systems of classification and nomenclature are plagued by internal paradoxes, incompatibility between systems due to the lack of potential for identification of synonyms, or irreconcilable inconsistencies with our current knowledge of cardiac development and morphology. A simplified categorisation that classifies these hearts on the basis of pulmonary or aortic dominance reconciles the existing disparate categorisations, is in keeping with recent findings concerning cardiac development, and emphasises the principal morphologic determinant of surgical outcome.
Risk factors of recurrence and complication in radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia in children and adolescents
Authors: Chen Tien H. , Tsai Ming-Lung , Chang Po-Cheng , Wo Hung-Ta , Chou Chung-Chuan , Wen Ming-Shien , Wang Chun-Chieh , Yeh San-Jou , Wu Delon 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundTo compare potential risk factors for complications and recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation in symptomatic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia in children and adolescents.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of 213 consecutive patients with symptomatic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia who underwent both electrophysiological study and radiofrequency catheter ablation, divided these patients into two groups, children (age <12 years) and adolescents (12 ≤ age < 18 years), and compared the location of the accessory pathway, success rate, recurrence rate, complications, presence of congenital heart disease, presence of intermittent ventricular pre-excitation, and presence of Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome in the two groups.ResultsThe position of the accessory pathway was mostly right sided in children (61.3%) and left sided in adolescents (61.5%). Children had significantly more congenital heart disease than adolescents (6.4% versus 0.8%). Univariate analysis showed children or adolescents with right-sided accessory pathways to be 6.84 times and those with accessory pathways on both sides of the septum 25 times more likely to relapse than those with a single accessory pathway. Multivariate analysis indicated that children or adolescents with two accessory pathways were six times, and those with intermittent ventricular pre-excitation nine times more at risk of relapsing following radiofrequency ablation than those with single accessory pathways. All five complications occurred in children.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the position and number of accessory pathways and presence of intermittent ventricular pre-excitation are related to risks of recurrence of atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia in children and adolescents.
Surgical pulmonary valve insertion – when, how, and why
Authors: Lee Cheul , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Lee Chang-Ha , Kwak Jae Gun , Chai Paul J. , Quintessenza James A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRelief of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in tetralogy of Fallot or similar physiology often results in pulmonary regurgitation. The resultant chronic volume overload can lead to right ventricular dilatation, biventricular dysfunction, heart failure symptoms, arrhythmias, and sudden death. Although pulmonary valve replacement can lead to improvement in functional class and a substantial decrease or normalisation of right ventricular volumes, the optimal timing of pulmonary valve replacement is not well defined. Benefits of pulmonary valve replacement have to be weighed against the risks of this procedure, including subsequent reoperation. This article will review the benefits and risks of pulmonary valve replacement, options for pulmonary valve substitute, and timing of pulmonary valve replacement in patients with chronic pulmonary regurgitation after relief of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
Intensive care management of neonates with d-transposition of the great arteries and common arterial trunk
Authors: Shamszad Pirouz , Moore Ryan A. , Ghanayem Nancy , Cooper David S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAlthough mortality rates for patients with d-transposition of the great arteries remain quite low, these patients have a unique circulation that requires careful management in the peri-operative period. Despite the improved mortality for patients with common arterial trunk, the course in the intensive care unit is remarkable for significant morbidity and utilisation of significant resources. Pre-operative patient management focuses on balancing competing circulations, pulmonary and systemic, which exist in parallel rather than in series, as in the normal circulation. Post-operative patient management in both lesions focuses on optimising systemic output, respiratory status, and mitigating the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass. In this article, we review pre- and post-operative intensive care management in neonates with d-transposition of the great arteries and common arterial trunk.
Computational fluid dynamics in congenital heart disease
Authors: DeCampli William M. , Argueta-Morales I. Ricardo , Divo Eduardo , Kassab Alain J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractComputational fluid dynamics has been applied to the design, refinement, and assessment of surgical procedures and medical devices. This tool calculates flow patterns and pressure changes within a virtual model of the cardiovascular system. In the field of paediatric cardiac surgery, computational fluid dynamics is being used to elucidate the optimal approach to staged reconstruction of specific defects and study the haemodynamics of the resulting anatomical configurations after reconstructive or palliative surgery. In this paper, we review the techniques and principal findings of computational fluid dynamics studies as applied to a few representative forms of congenital heart disease.
Introduction: a lifelong interdisciplinary approach to common arterial trunk, transposition of the great arteries, and other evolving challenges in paediatric and congenital cardiac disease
Authors: Jacobs Jeffrey P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis December Issue of Cardiology in the Young represents the tenth annual publication generated from the two meetings that compose “HeartWeek in Florida”. “HeartWeek in Florida”, the joint collaborative project sponsored by the Cardiac Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, together with All Children's Hospital of Saint Petersburg and Johns Hopkins Medicine, averages over 1000 attendees every year and is now recognized as one of the major planks of continuing medical and nursing education for those working in the fields of diagnosis and treatment of cardiac disease in the fetus, neonate, infant, child, and adult. “HeartWeek in Florida” combines the International Symposium on Congenital Heart Disease, organised by All Children's Hospital and Johns Hopkins Medicine and entering its 13th year, with the Annual Postgraduate Course in Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease, organised by The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and entering its 17th year. The theme of this supplement generated from the 2012 HeartWeek in Florida is “A Lifelong Interdisciplinary Approach to Common Arterial Trunk, Transposition of the Great Arteries, and Other Evolving Challenges in Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Disease”. We would like to acknowledge the tremendous contributions made to medicine by Richard Jonas; and therefore, we dedicate this HeartWeek 2012 Supplement to him.
Aerosolised heparin in the treatment of Fontan-related plastic bronchitis
Authors: Eason Daniel E. , Cox Kristin , Moskowitz William B. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPatients with Fontan palliation and single-ventricle physiology encounter multiple comorbidities including plastic bronchitis, a disease characterised by the plugging of small and large airways by rubbery, white casts. To date, no controlled clinical trials have demonstrated effective treatment of plastic bronchitis. We report the application of aerosolised heparin, which has published success in non-cardiac-related pulmonary disease, for this complication in a Fontan patient.
The World Congress of Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery: a short factual history by Jane Somerville
Authors: Somerville Jane 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe World Congress of Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery has survived with minimal assets and simple organisation. Each congress is special, taking on the humour, flavour, and culture of the organising country. It is hard work for a few organisers and money is hard to raise. The steering committee works closely, fairly, and successfully, and even though accused of being secretive and effete that does not matter. It is efficient and produces successful, happy world congresses, where all involved with the speciality are welcome. With so many “grown-ups” with congenital heart disease, it is no longer just a paediatric problem – maybe the name of this congress must change again. Regardless, the flag must fly on.
Cancer risk among patients with congenital heart defects: a nationwide follow-up study
Authors: Olsen Morten , Garne Ester , Sværke Claus , Søndergaard Lars , Nissen Henrik , Andersen Henrik Ø. , Hjortdal Vibeke E. , Johnsen Søren P. , Videbæk Jørgen 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to assess cancer risk in congenital heart defect patients, with and without Down's syndrome, compared with the general population.MethodsWe identified all patients born and diagnosed with congenital heart defects from 1977 to 2008 using the Danish National Registry of Patients, covering all Danish hospitals. We compared cancer incidence in the congenital heart defect cohort with that expected in the general population (∼5.5 million) using the Danish Cancer Registry, and computed age- and gender-standardised incidence ratios.ResultsWe identified 15,905 congenital heart defect patients, contributing a total of 151,172 person-years at risk; the maximum length of follow-up was 31 years (median 8 years). In all, 53 patients were diagnosed with cancer, including 30 female and 23 male patients (standardised incidence ratio = 1.63; 95% confidence interval: 1.22–2.13). Risks were increased for leukaemia, brain tumours, and basal cell carcinoma. After excluding 801 patients with Down's syndrome, the standardised incidence ratio was 1.19 (95% confidence interval: 0.84–1.64). In the subgroup of 5660 non-Down's syndrome patients undergoing cardiac surgery or catheter-based interventions, the standardised incidence ratio was 1.45 (95% confidence interval: 0.86–2.29).ConclusionThe overall risk of cancer among congenital heart defect patients without Down's syndrome was not statistically significantly elevated. Cancer risk in the congenital heart defect cohort as a whole, including patients with Down's syndrome, was increased compared with the general population, although the absolute risk was low. Studies with longer follow-up and more information on radiation doses are needed to further examine a potential cancer risk associated with diagnostic radiation exposure.
Auditory Hallucinations and Reduced Language Lateralization in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Dichotic Listening Studies
Authors: Ocklenburg Sebastian , Westerhausen René , Hirnstein Marco , Hugdahl Kenneth 
Published: January 2013

AbstractReduced left-hemispheric language lateralization has been proposed to be a trait marker for schizophrenia, but the empirical evidence is ambiguous. Recent studies suggest that auditory hallucinations are critical for whether a patient shows reduced language lateralization. Therefore, the aim of the study was to statistically integrate studies investigating language lateralization in schizophrenia patients using dichotic listening. To this end, two meta-analyses were conducted, one comparing schizophrenia patients with healthy controls (n = 1407), the other comparing schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory hallucinations with non-hallucinating controls (n = 407). Schizophrenia patients showed weaker language lateralization than healthy controls but the effect size was small (g = −0.26). When patients with auditory hallucinations were compared to non-hallucinating controls, the effect size was substantially larger (g = −0.45). These effect sizes suggest that reduced language lateralization is a weak trait marker for schizophrenia as such and a strong trait marker for the experience of auditory hallucinations within the schizophrenia population. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–9.)
The economic and environmental effects of an EU ban on illegal logging imports. Insights from a CGE assessment
Authors: Bosello Francesco , Parrado Ramiro , Rosa Renato 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe European Union (EU) is now discussing a legislation proposal to ban illegal timber from the EU market. We use the ICES model to estimate the reallocation of global demand and timber imports following the EU legislation. We aim to assess the economic impacts and measure the potential emission reduction resulting from the introduction of this policy. Results show that an EU ban targeting only log imports is not effective in reducing illegal logging, but its main effect is the removal of illegal logs from international markets. Additionally, the unilateral EU ban increases secondary wood production in illegal logging countries as their exports become relatively more competitive. Through this mechanism, part of the banned illegal timber will re-enter international trade flows ‘hidden’ as processed wood. Extending the ban to timber processed products eliminates this effect and reinforces direct carbon emissions reduction from logging activities.
Novel Method for Controlled Wetting of Materials in the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope
Authors: Jansson Anna , Nafari Alexandra , Sanz-Velasco Anke , Svensson Krister , Gustafsson Stefan , Hermansson Anne-Marie , Olsson Eva 
Published: January 2013

AbstractEnvironmental scanning electron microscopy has been extensively used for studying the wetting properties of different materials. For some types of investigation, however, the traditional ways of conducting in situ dynamic wetting experiments do not offer sufficient control over the wetting process. Here, we present a novel method for controlled wetting of materials in the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). It offers improved control of the point of interaction between the water and the specimen and renders it more accessible for imaging. It also enables the study of water transport through a material by direct imaging. The method is based on the use of a piezo-driven nanomanipulator to bring a specimen in contact with a water reservoir in the ESEM chamber. The water reservoir is established by local condensation on a Peltier-cooled surface. A fixture was designed to make the experimental setup compatible with the standard Peltier cooling stage of the microscope. The developed technique was successfully applied to individual cellulose fibers, and the absorption and transport of water by individual cellulose fibers were imaged.
Four weeks lithium treatment alters neuronal dendrites in the rat hippocampus
Authors: Shim Seong S. , Hammonds Michael D. , Mervis Ronald F. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA large body of evidence from molecular, cellular and human studies suggests that lithium may enhance synaptic plasticity, which may be associated with its therapeutic efficacy. However, only a small number of studies have directly assessed this. To determine whether lithium treatment alters structural synaptic plasticity, this study examined the effect of 4 wk lithium treatment on the amount and distribution of dendrites in the dentate gyrus (DG) and hippocampal area CA1 of young adult rats. Following 4 wk lithium or control chow feeding, animals were decapitated, the hippocampi were prepared and stained using a rapid Golgi staining technique and the amount and distribution of the dendritic branching was evaluated using Sholl analyses (method of concentric circles). In the DG, lithium treatment increased the amount and distribution of dendritic branches in the proximal half of dendritic trees of the granule cells and reduced branching in the distal half. In area CA1, the same treatment also increased the number of dendritic branches in the proximal half of apical dendritic trees of CA1 pyramidal cells and reduced branching in the distal half of apical dendritic trees but had no effect on basilar dendritic trees. The lithium treatment altered the total density of dendritic trees in neither the DG nor area CA1. These findings suggest that, in the DG and apical CA1, chronic lithium treatment rearranges neuronal morphology to increase dendritic branching and distribution to where major afferent input is received.
Low dose risperidone attenuates cue-induced but not heroin-induced reinstatement of heroin seeking in an animal model of relapse
Authors: Lai Miaojun , Chen Weisheng , Zhu Huaqiang , Zhou Xiaoli , Liu Huifen , Zhang Fuqiang , Zhou Wenhua 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment with risperidone on heroin self-administration and heroin-seeking behaviour induced by cues and heroin priming. Rats were trained to self-administer heroin under a fixed ratio 1 schedule for 2 wk and nose-poke responding was extinguished for 10 d, after which reinstatement of drug seeking was induced by conditioned cues or heroin priming. Acute risperidone administration at doses 10–100 µg/kg potently and dose-dependently inhibited reinstatement of conditioned cue-induced heroin seeking; the minimum dose of inhibition was 30 µg/kg. In contrast, risperidone at the same doses did not attenuate reinstatement induced by two priming doses of heroin (100 or 250 µg/kg s.c.). Risperidone at these doses failed to alter heroin self-administration and locomotion activity. These data demonstrate that acute treatment with low-dose risperidone inhibits conditioned cue-induced heroin seeking and risperidone may be an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of heroin addiction.
CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION AND A NEW ETHNIC GROUP MOVEMENT: THE CASE OF THE SAKIZAYA IN EASTERN TAIWAN
Authors: Huang 黃宣衛 Shiun-wey 
Published: January 2013

After the Kuomintang of China (KMT) succeeded the Japanese government in Taiwan in 1945, officials continued to apply the then current method of categorizing Taiwanese aborigines into nine groups. However, since the 1980s, many aboriginal groups have launched Name Rectification Campaigns calling for “independence” from their originally designated groups.Dutch records in the seventeenth century identify the Sakizaya as a distinct people, different from the Amis. The decline of the Sakizaya was initiated in 1878 by the Jia-Li-Wan event. After defeat by Qing soldiers, the Sakizayas obscured their identities by mixing themselves among the Amis. By the time that the Japanese began their ethnographic research in the early twentieth century, the Sakizayas had become relatively “Amis-ized,” and were regarded as a sub-branch of the Amis for both academic and official purposes. The Sakizaya's new ethnic group movement was initiated in 1990. Seventeen years later, on January 17, 2007, the Sakizaya gained official recognition as an independent aboriginal group.This article intends to investigate the strategies of movement activists. It not only examines the concept of cultural construction, but also explains why this concept is so important in understanding the case of the Sakizaya.