bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening of Oligopeptides that Recognize Inorganic Crystalline Facets of Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Wei Zengyan , Maeda Yoshiaki , Kanetsuki Yuka , Shi Menglu , Matsui Hiroshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPeptides that possess specific affinity to distinct crystal facets have been reported previously. However, their adsorption behavior in terms of the crystal sizes and shapes is less exploited. Herein, we isolate several phage clones that show the strong affinity to {100} of Pd at a neutral pH from the M13 phage library, and among them the phages that have shape selectivity to the cubic structure are identified by eliminating ones that bind randomly shaped Pd nanoparticles (NPs). Since Pd nanocube‐binding phages are eluted by lowering pH values in the biopanning process, the selected phages (and their binding peptides displayed on protein pIII) can be released from Pd surfaces through pH changes. We used this feature to modulate the capping density of selected peptides on NPs. For example, when less peptides are capped on Pd nanocubes by lowering the pH values, the shape of the nanocubes is deformed and some evolve into a concave shape, indicating that Pd atoms are released from the less protected {100} facet selectively due to the higher surface energy. This type of crystalline facet‐recognizing peptides can be applied for smart capping agents that not only bind target crystalline planes, but also modify their coverage on the specific surfaces with pH changes. The peptide‐capping agents could be useful to fabricate NPs with characteristic shapes through etching and adsorption of atoms on specific crystalline planes of seed nanocrystals.
Exploring the Relationship Between Gay Affirmative Practice and Empathy Among Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Love Michael M. , Smith Adam E. , Lyall Sarah E. , Mullins Jaclyn L. , Cohn Tracy J. 
Published: April 2015

During the last several decades, psychologists have placed emphasis on multicultural competence as an essential aspect of training and practice. However, despite this emphasis, empirical data on the effects of multicultural training and practice are generally limited to variables such as race and ethnicity, with very little research on sexual minorities. However, a framework for understanding competent practice with sexual minorities does exist in the form of the concept of gay affirmative practice (GAP), which has been successfully operationalized by Crisp (). Using the GAP measure and scores of empathy, the authors examined students and practitioners in the helping profession to explore the relationship between empathy and level of gay affirmative work. Findings indicated that levels of empathy predicted overall levels of GAP. The authors discuss the clinical implications of these findings and explore how the findings fit within the literature surrounding empathic understanding.Durante las últimas décadas, los psicólogos han puesto un énfasis especial en la competencia multicultural como un aspecto esencial en la formación y la práctica. Sin embargo, a pesar de este énfasis, los datos empíricos sobre los efectos de la formación multicultural y su práctica están generalmente limitados a variables como raza y etnicidad, con escasas investigaciones realizadas sobre minorías sexuales. Aun así, existe un marco teórico para comprender la práctica competente con minorías sexuales denominado terapia afirmativa gay (GAP, por sus siglas en inglés), que fue operacionalizado con éxito por Crisp (). Usando las medidas GAP y puntuaciones de empatía, los autores examinaron a estudiantes y profesionales del campo de la consejería para explorar la relación entre empatía y el nivel de trabajo afirmativo con la comunidad gay. Los resultados indicaron que los niveles de empatía pronosticaron niveles totales de GAP. Los autores discuten las implicaciones clínicas de estos resultados y exploran cómo estos encajan con la literatura sobre comprensión empática.
Diaspora Literacies
Authors: Dávila Liv Thorstensson 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis research study explored two young African immigrant women English learners’ perspectives on reading, and literacy more broadly, in relation to motivation and identity during a year‐long qualitative study at a large, urban high school in the U.S. southeast. Data were collected through interviews and observations that focused on reading practices and preferences in relation to gender, immigration, and school performance. Findings reveal that while learning to read in a new language these students were simultaneously developing literacy in their first languages through autonomous reading practices, including reading native‐language texts, and on‐line news sources. Findings also suggest that scaffolding autonomous reading may be one way to help newly arrived English learners develop academic and social literacy and foster a sense of belonging in their new communities.
Resveratrol Regulates the Quiescence‐Like Induction of Activated Stellate Cells by Modulating the PPARγ/SIRT1 Ratio
Authors: de Souza Izabel Cristina Custódio , Martins Leo Anderson Meira , de Vasconcelos Mariana , de Oliveira Cleverson Moraes , Barbé‐Tuana Florencia , Andrade Cláudia Balbinotti , Pettenuzzo Letícia Ferreira , Borojevic Radovan , Margis Rogério , Guaragna Regina , Guma Fátima Costa Rodrigues 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC), from a quiescent cell featuring cytoplasmic lipid droplets to a proliferative myofibroblast, plays an important role in liver fibrosis development. The GRX line is an activated HSC model that can be induced by all‐trans‐retinol to accumulate lipid droplets. Resveratrol is known for activating Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a NAD+‐dependent deacetylase that suppresses the activity of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), an important adipogenic transcription factor involved in the quiescence maintenance of HSC. We evaluated the effects of 0.1 μM of resveratrol in retinol‐induced GRX quiescence by investigating the interference of SIRT1 and PPARγ on cell lipogenesis. GRX lipid accumulation was evaluated through Oil‐red O staining, triacylglycerides quantification, and [14C] acetate incorporation into lipids. mRNA expression and protein content of SIRT1 and PPARγ were measured by RT‐PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Resveratrol‐mediated SIRT1 stimuli did not induce lipogenesis and reduced the retinol‐mediated fat‐storing capacity in GRX. In order to support our results, we established a cell culture model of transgenic super expression of PPARγ in GRX cells (GRXPγ). Resveratrol reduced lipid droplets accumulation in GRXPγ cells. These results suggest that the PPARγ/SIRT1 ratio plays an important role in the fate of HSC. Thus, whenever the PPARγ activity is greater than SIRT1 activity the lipogenesis is enabled. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2304–2312, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Monsoon teleconnections over Indian and Pacific Oceans in Japan Meteorological Agency model simulation
Authors: Theja P. K. , Sreejith O. P. , Pai D. S. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe study evaluates various sea surface temperature (SST) indices and their teleconnections with Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) simulated by Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) coupled general circulation model (CGCM). The indices considered for evaluations are Niño indices (Niño 4, Niño 3.4, Niño 3 and Niño 1 + 2) of Pacific Ocean (PO) and Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) indices [eastern IO (IOD E), western IO (IOD W) and dipole mode index (DMI)] of Indian Ocean (IO). The study has been carried out for the season June to September (JJAS) using JMA hindcast SST simulated on various initial conditions May, April, March and February (here after leads 0, 1, 2 and 3, respectively) during the period 1979–2010. The extended reconstructed SST (ERSST) from National Center for Environmental Prediction is used as observed SST. The important outcome of this study is that the inverse relationship between Niño 3.4 and ISMR is found to be re‐established in recent years after a period of weakening. The JMA model is able to simulate the same with highest skill on lead 1. The PO SST characteristics including climatology, spatial anomaly pattern and interannual variability of Niño indices are well captured in the model lead 0 simulation (correlation coefficient is above 0.80). The model simulation on lead 0 is able to predict the El Niño Southern oscillation (ENSO) events during hindcast period with good skill. It is also noted from this study that the model skill to simulate PO SST characteristics is decreasing with increase of lead time. This study is also showing that the model has some deficiency to simulate IO SST characteristics. The model performance in the simulation of IOD events is not appreciable. Thus, this study is recommending JMA model as an efficient ENSO predicting tool, however the model requires improvements to predict IOD events.
Effects of ditch‐buried straw return on water percolation, nitrogen leaching and crop yields in a rice–wheat rotation system
Authors: Yang Haishui , Xu Mingmin , Koide Roger T , Liu Qian , Dai Yajun , Liu Ling , Bian Xinmin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDCrop residue management and nitrogen loss are two important environmental problems in the rice–wheat rotation system in China. This study investigated the effects of burial of straw on water percolation, nitrogen loss by leaching, crop growth and yield. Greenhouse mesocosm experiments were conducted over the course of three simulated cropping seasons in a rice1–wheat–rice2 rotation.RESULTSGreater amounts of straw resulted in more water percolation, irrespective of crop season. Burial at 20 and 35 cm significantly reduced, but burial at 50 cm increased nitrogen leaching. Straw at 500 kg ha−1 reduced, but at 1000 kg ha−1 and at 1500 kg ha−1 straw increased nitrogen leaching in three consecutive crop rotations. In addition, straw at 500 kg ha−1 buried at 35 cm significantly increased yield and its components for both crops.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that N losses via leaching from the rice–wheat rotation may be reduced by the burial of the appropriate amount of straw at the appropriate depth. Greater amounts of buried straw, however, may promote nitrogen leaching and negatively affect crop growth and yields. Complementary field experiments must be performed to make specific agronomic recommendations. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Laser Additive Manufacturing with Crack‐sensitive Materials
Authors: Brückner Frank , Finaske Thomas , Willner Robin , Seidel André , Nowotny Steffen , Leyens Christoph , Beyer Eckhard 
Published: April 2015

AbstractLaser additive manufacturing is state‐of‐the‐art and regarded as a key technology in the future of production engineering [1]. Originating from a computer model, a new freedom of design can be achieved by simply adding layer by layer. Beyond the new perspectives and extended possibilities of conventional processes there are fields of application which already have been opened up. One of those is the highly innovative but demanding field of processing with heat resisting alloys (see Fig. 1). This field of engineering has traditionally been a door opener for hightech technologies such as aerospace or energy [2, 3].
Subsurface seeding of surface harmful algal blooms observed through the integration of autonomous gliders, moored environmental sample processors, and satellite remote sensing in southern California
Authors: Seegers Bridget N. , Birch James M. , Marin Roman , Scholin Chris A. , Caron David A. , Seubert Erica L. , Howard Meredith D. A. , Robertson George L. , Jones Burton H. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn observational study was performed in the central Southern California Bight in Spring 2010 to understand the relationship between seasonal spring phytoplankton blooms and coastal processes that included nutrient input from upwelling, wastewater effluent plumes, and other processes. Multi‐month Webb Slocum glider deployments combined with MBARI environmental sample processors (ESPs), weekly pier sampling, and ocean color data provided a multidimensional characterization of the development and evolution of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Results from the glider and ESP observations demonstrated that blooms of toxic Pseudo‐nitzschia sp. can develop offshore and subsurface prior to their manifestation in the surface layer and/or near the coast. A significant outbreak and surface manifestation of the blooms coincided with periods of upwelling, or other processes that caused shallowing of the pycnocline and subsurface chlorophyll maximum. Our results indicate that subsurface populations can be an important source for “seeding” surface Pseudo‐nitzschia HAB events in southern California.
Mapping and determinism of soil microbial community distribution across an agricultural landscape
Authors: Constancias Florentin , Terrat Sébastien , Saby Nicolas P. A. , Horrigue Walid , Villerd Jean , Guillemin Jean‐Philippe , Biju‐Duval Luc , Nowak Virginie , Dequiedt Samuel , Ranjard Lionel , Chemidlin Prévost‐Bouré Nicolas 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDespite the relevance of landscape, regarding the spatial patterning of microbial communities and the relative influence of environmental parameters versus human activities, few investigations have been conducted at this scale. Here, we used a systematic grid to characterize the distribution of soil microbial communities at 278 sites across a monitored agricultural landscape of 13 km². Molecular microbial biomass was estimated by soil DNA recovery and bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Geostatistics provided the first maps of microbial community at this scale and revealed a heterogeneous but spatially structured distribution of microbial biomass and diversity with patches of several hundreds of meters. Variance partitioning revealed that both microbial abundance and bacterial diversity distribution were highly dependent of soil properties and land use (total variance explained ranged between 55% and 78%). Microbial biomass and bacterial richness distributions were mainly explained by soil pH and texture whereas bacterial evenness distribution was mainly related to land management. Bacterial diversity (richness, evenness, and Shannon index) was positively influenced by cropping intensity and especially by soil tillage, resulting in spots of low microbial diversity in soils under forest management. Spatial descriptors also explained a small but significant portion of the microbial distribution suggesting that landscape configuration also shapes microbial biomass and bacterial diversity.
Gas outburst with sediments because of tetrahydrofuran hydrate dissociation
Authors: Zhang Xuhui , Lu Xiaobing , Xiao Ming 
Published: April 2015

SummaryMethane hydrate (MH) is a new energy resource in the 21st century. But the dissociation of MH from sediments during the MH exploration or oil/gas exploration under a hydrate layer accompanied by the softening of soils and formation of excess pore gas pressure may lead to ground failures and environmental disasters. In this study, experiments on modeling the weakening and failure of the sediment by heat‐induced dissociation of tetrahydrofuran (THF) hydrate were presented. The failure mode of gas outburst was observed. Gas outbursts is a process where gas and soils in hydrate‐dissociation zone burst out after the continuous skeleton of over‐layer is fractured during the expansion of the dissociation zone and the formation of gas zone and excess pore gas pressure. An analytical method is presented by decoupling heat transfer and soil deformation. The geometrical and mechanical similarities for gas outburst are obtained. An empirical criterion for the occurrence of outburst is proposed using the theory of thermal conduction, rigid plastic mechanics, and the experimental data. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metal complexation studies of amylopectin‐graft‐poly[(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide)‐co‐(acrylic acid)]: a biodegradable synthetic graft copolymer
Authors: Kolya Haradhan , Tripathy Tridib 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSynthesis of amylopectin‐graft‐poly[(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide)‐co‐(acrylic acid)] was carried out using solution polymerization technique with potassium persulfate as the initiator. The graft copolymer was characterized by measuring molecular weight using size exclusion chromatography, thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The synthetic graft copolymer was used for the removal of some potentially toxic metal ions, Cu(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II), from their aqueous solutions. Various operating parameters like the amount of adsorbent, solution pH, contact time and temperature were studied. The adsorption data were well described by the pseudo‐second‐order and Langmuir isotherm models. Metal complexation studies were carried out experimentally using cyclic voltammetry and UV‐visible and FTIR spectroscopies. The metal complex structure was also studied theoretically using density functional theory with the Gaussian 09 program and the geometry of the complex structure was optimized. The metal complexation ability of the graft polymer was in the order Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Zn(II). Calculation of the various thermodynamic parameters was also done. The negative value of free energy change indicates the spontaneous nature of the adsorption. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Value Co-creation with Stakeholders Using Action Research as a Meta-methodology in a Funded Research Project
Authors: Dick Bob , Sankaran Shankar , Shaw Kelly , Kelly Jacqueline , Soar Jeffrey , Davies Alan , Banbury Annie 
Published: April 2015

A large applied research study is a challenging exercise in project management and is often unpredictable because of its complexity. In the beginning, funding bodies, ethics committees, and participating organizations expect a plan of what is intended. As the research evolves, researchers must meet the expectations of stakeholders while being responsive to the emergent reality that the research faces and partly uncovers. This article describes action research used as an umbrella process that enabled us to manage the research project. We used action research as a meta-methodology—that is, a process that can subsume multiple subprocesses and under which these contradicting demands can be satisfied. In particular, two characteristics enable action research to do this. One is its cyclic process, iteratively tracing out a rhythm of planning, acting, and observing the results. The other is the nesting of its cycles, applied at scales ranging from the overall study to the moment-by-moment facilitation. We illustrate this use of action research with examples from a long-term applied study of leadership in faith-based, not-for-profit organizations.
Urinary biomarkers for the detection of prostate cancer in patients with high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Sequeiros Tamara , Bastarós Juan M. , Sánchez Milagros , Rigau Marina , Montes Melania , Placer José , Planas Jaques , de Torres Inés , Reventós Jaume , Pegtel D. Michiel , Doll Andreas , Morote Juan , Olivan Mireia 
Published: April 2015

INTRODUCTIONHigh‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is a recognized precursor stage of PCa. Men who present HGPIN in a first prostate biopsy face years of active surveillance including repeat biopsies. This study aimed to identify non‐invasive prognostic biomarkers that differentiate early on between indolent HGPIN cases and those that will transform into actual PCa.METHODSWe measured the expression of 21 candidate mRNA biomarkers using quantitative PCR in urine sediment samples from a cohort of 90 patients with initial diagnosis of HGPIN and a posterior follow up of at least two years. Uni‐ and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to analyze the candidate biomarkers and multiplex models using combinations of these biomarkers.RESULTSPSMA, PCA3, PSGR, GOLM, KLK3, CDH1, and SPINK1 behaved as predictors for PCa presence in repeat biopsies. Multiplex models outperformed (AUC = 0.81–0.86) the predictive power of single genes, including the FDA‐approved PCA3 (AUC = 0.70). With a fixed sensitivity of 95%, the specificity of our multiplex models was of 41–58%, compared to the 30% of PCA3. The PPV of our models (30–38%) was also higher than the PPV of PCA3 (27%), suggesting that benign cases could be more accurately identified. Applying statistical models, we estimated that 33% to 47% of repeat biopsies could be prevented with a multiplex PCR model, representing an easy applicable and significant advantage over the current gold standard in urine sediment.DISCUSSIONUsing multiplex RTqPCR‐based models in urine sediment it is possible to improve the current diagnostic method of choice (PCA3) to differentiate between benign HGPIN and PCa cases. Prostate 75:1102–1113, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
LP‐925219 maximizes urinary glucose excretion in mice by inhibiting both renal SGLT1 and SGLT2
Authors: Powell David R. , Smith Melinda G. , Doree Deon D. , Harris Angela L. , Xiong Wendy W. , Mseeh Faika , Wilson Alan , Gopinathan Suma , Diaz Damaris , Goodwin Nicole C. , Harrison Bryce , Strobel Eric , Rawlins David B. , Carson Ken , Zambrowicz Brian , Ding Zhi‐Ming 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of oral anti‐diabetic agents that improve glycemic control by inhibiting SGLT2‐mediated renal glucose reabsorption. Currently available agents increase urinary glucose excretion (UGE) to <50% of maximal values because they do not inhibit SGLT1, which reabsorbs >50% of filtered glucose when SGLT2 is completely inhibited. This led us to test whether LP‐925219, a small molecule dual SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitor, increases UGE to maximal values in wild‐type (WT) mice. We first tested LP‐925219 inhibition of glucose transport by HEK293 cells expressing SGLT1 or SGLT2, and then characterized LP‐925219 pharmacokinetics. We found that LP‐925219 was a potent inhibitor of mouse SGLT1 (IC50 = 22.6 nmol/L) and SGLT2 (IC50 = 0.5 nmol/L), and that a 10 mg/kg oral dose was bioavailable (87%) with a long half‐life (7 h). We next delivered LP‐925219 by oral gavage to WT, SGLT1 knockout (KO), SGLT2 KO, and SGLT1/SGLT2 double KO (DKO) mice and measured their 24‐h UGE. We found that, in vehicle‐treated mice, DKO UGE was maximal and SGLT2 KO, SGLT1 KO, and WT UGEs were 30%, 2%, and 0.2% of maximal, respectively; we also found that LP‐925219 dosed at 60 mg/kg twice daily increased UGE of SGLT1 KO, SGLT2 KO, and WT mice to DKO UGE levels. These findings show that orally available dual SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors can maximize 24‐h UGE in mammals, and suggest that such agents merit further evaluation for their potential, in diabetic patients, to achieve better glycemic control than is achieved using selective SGLT2 inhibitors.