bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of hematoma on early degradation behavior of magnesium after implantation
Authors: Yusa Yu , Shimizu Yoshinaka , Hayashi Masanobu , Aizawa Takayuki , Nakahara Takahiro , Ueno Takahiro , Sato Akimitsu , Miura Chieko , Yamamoto Akiko , Imai Yoshimichi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The corrosion of magnesium (Mg)-based bioabsorbable implanting devices is influenced by implantation environment which dynamically changes by biological response including wound healing. Understanding the corrosion mechanisms along the healing process is essential for the development of Mg-based devices. In this study, a hematoma model was created in a rat femur to analyze Mg corrosion with hematoma in the early stage of implantation. Pure Mg specimen (99.9%, ϕ1.2 × 6 mm) was implanted in rat femur under either hematoma or non-hematoma conditions. After a designated period of implantation, the specimens were collected and weighed. The insoluble salts formed on the specimen surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy on days 1, 3, and 7. The results indicate that hematomas promote Mg corrosion and change the insoluble salt precipitation. The weight loss of the hematoma group (27.31 ± 5.91 µg mm−2) was significantly larger than that of the non-hematoma group (14.77 ± 3.28 µg mm−2) on day 7. In the non-hematoma group, carbonate and phosphate were detected even on day 1, but the only latter was detected on day 7. In the hematoma group, hydroxide was detected on day 1, followed by the formation of carbonate and phosphate on days 3 and 7. The obtained results suggest the hypoxic and acidic microenvironment in hematomas accelerates the Mg corrosion immediately after implantation, and the subsequent hematoma resorption process leads to the formation of phosphate and carbonate with organic molecules. This study revealed the risk of hematomas as an acceleration factor of the corrosion of Mg-based devices leading to the early implant failure. It is important to consider this risk in the design of Mg-based devices and to optimize surgical procedures controlling hemorrhage at implantation and reducing unexpected bleeding after surgery.
Future increases in soil moisture drought frequency at UK monitoring sites: merging the JULES land model with observations and convection-permitting UK climate projections
Authors: Szczykulska Magdalena , Huntingford Chris , Cooper Elizabeth , Evans Jonathan G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Concerns exist about the viability of food security across Europe due to multiple, potentially adverse drivers. These include economic, political and climate forcing factors, all of which require quantification. Here, we focus on the climate forcing, and in particular, the soil moisture change component which crucially determines water availability for crop uptake. We estimate future soil moisture levels at 34 sites of the UK COsmic-ray Soil Moisture Observing System (COSMOS-UK) network. We do this by combining three platforms: the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model, field-scale soil moisture observations from the COSMOS-UK stations and 2.2 km convection-permitting UK Climate Projections (UKCP18). We use COSMOS-UK data to optimise key soil moisture-related parameters in the JULES model, based on its performance in the contemporary period. We then force the calibrated model with UKCP18 data to produce future soil moisture estimates. We evaluate the modelled soil moisture for an average soil depth between 0 and 35 cm to match the depth of soil moisture observations. Our main conclusions concern future soil moisture droughts which we compare with equivalent events in the historical period, 1982–2000. We find that on average across all sites, there is an increase in the frequency of future extreme soil moisture drought events of duration above 90 days. In 2062–80, such frequency increase of between 0.1 and 0.6 events per year (equivalent to at least 2 and up to 12 additional events in a 20-year period) is expected. We also show that, in 2062–80, there is an increased risk of high or more intense soil moisture drought conditions in months between May and November, with months between June and October being at especially high risk. The UKCP18 data corresponds to a high-emissions future described by the RCP8.5 scenario.
Mechanical and microstructural characterization of sustainable concrete containing recycled concrete and waste rubber tire fiber
Authors: Manan Aneel , Zhang Pu , Alattyih Wael , Alanazi Hani , Elagan S K , Ahmad Jawad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The production of cement, which is the key ingredient of concrete, leads to environmental pollution by releasing massive amounts of CO2 and using significant natural resources. Therefore, shifting towards sustainable and greener materials is essential for mitigating these challenges. In this study, recycled concrete powder (RCP) was used as a cement replacement (0%, 5.0%, 10%, and 15%), solving the waste dumps issue and promoting sustainability. Furthermore, the concrete is also reinforced with steel fibers which were obtained from waste rubber tires to improve concrete tensile strength. The concrete properties were evaluated through slump cone test, compressive strength, failure patterns, tensile strength, scanning electronic microscopy, and FTIR analysis. The results indicate that the concrete strength properties improved with the substitution of RCP. The compressive and tensile strength of the optimum mix (10% RCP and 2.0% addition of steel fibers) are 15.8% and 23% more than those of reference concrete. However, the concrete flow is adversely impacted due to RCP angular particle shapes. Failure patterns indicate that RCP and steel fibers improved concrete ductility. SEM and FTIR analysis indicate microstructural improvement with RCP and steel fibers. Finally, the analysis concluded that the developed concrete showed better performance, solved waste dumps issues, and promoted sustainability.
Numerical assessment of using various outlet boundary conditions on the hemodynamics of an idealized left coronary artery model
Authors: Equbal Asif , Kalita Paragmoni 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Vascular diseases are greatly influenced by the hemodynamic parameters and the accuracy of determining these parameters depends on the use of correct boundary conditions. The present work carries out a two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation to investigate the effects of outlet pressure boundary conditions on the hemodynamics through the left coronary artery bifurcation with moderate stenosis (50%) in the left anterior descending (LAD) branch. The Carreau viscosity model is employed to characterise the shear-thinning behaviour of blood. The results of the study reveal that the employment of zero pressure at the outlet boundaries significantly overestimates the values of hemodynamic variables like wall shear stress (WSS), and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) compared with human healthy and pulsatile pressure outlet conditions. However, the difference between these variables is marginally low for human healthy and pulsatile pressure outlets. The oscillatory shear index (OSI) remains the same across all scenarios, indicating independence from the outlet boundary condition. Furthermore, the magnitude of negative axial velocity and pressure drop across the plaque are found to be higher at the zero pressure outlet boundary condition.
Evaluating rainbowing for ocean alkalinity enhancement
Authors: Bianchi Riccardo , Abbate Samuele , Lockley Andrew , Abbà Antonella , Campo Francesco , Varliero Selene , Grosso Mario , Caserini Stefano 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) is a technique proposed to address ocean acidification and global warming. This study examines rainbowing (i.e. water jets pumped into the air from ships) for the slaked lime slurry distribution. The fluid dynamic behaviour—both the in-air trajectory and subsurface—was studied using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method. Various outflow velocities were simulated for calm seas; different dilution factors and environmental slaked lime concentration spikes have been found. Linking slurry concentration to pH, discharge conditions that avoid damage to marine biota have been identified. A preliminary cost analysis compares rainbowing to ship-wake discharge. Rainbowing requires high power consumption to project large volumes of water far from ships. Very high dilution is needed, mainly because of the artificial requirement not to momentarily exceed 24-hour environmental pH limits; the effect of ocean turbulence on instantaneous pH peaks is negligible and is not considered in the analysis. Emissions due to energy consumption almost equalize carbon dioxide removed during discharge, making the method inefficient (only 176 kg of CO2 removed per ton of slaked lime spread). Previous ship-wake discharge analysis shows greater OAE performance and lower cost (5.5 € versus 388 € per ton of CO2 removed). In conclusion—based on the conservative environmental limits imposed, and the specific modeling undertaken—rainbowing is not demonstrated as an efficient method for OAE.
Statistically decreased weakening rate of typhoons in environments of the Northeast China cold vortex
Authors: Zhao Dajun , Wei Na , Yu Yubin , Zhang Xin , Wang Qian , Song Jinjie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The impact of the Northeast China Cold Vortex (NCCV) on tropical cyclone (TC) intensity change was studied based on statistics, revealing a significant decrease in the rate of TC weakening and a lower probability of rapid weakening (RW) in the environments of NCCVs. This is mainly attributable to the external dynamic forcing induced by the NCCV as the eddy angular momentum import at upper levels increases significantly, which offsets the unfavorable decrease in sea surface temperature and increase in vertical wind shear. The upper-level positive potential vorticity anomaly band from the NCCV involves into the TC circulation from the southwestern quadrant, helping the development of convections triggered in the downshear right side of the TC. These results elucidate a fundamental relationship between TCs and NCCVs, and the findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of TC behavior under the influence of NCCVs, thereby providing guidance for forecasting intensity changes of TCs entering mid-latitude regions.
Simulation of synaptic properties of ferroelectric memory capacitors and neural network applications
Authors: Liu Shikai , Li Xingyu , Zhu Yingfang , Wu Yujie , Jiang Qin , Zhan Yang , Tang Minghua , Yan Shaoan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, the electrical properties and synaptic characteristics of hafnium oxide-based ferroelectric memory capacitor with metal - ferroelectric layer - metal (MFM) structure were simulated using TCAD (technology computer aided design) software. Based on the synaptic potentiation/depression characteristics of the simulated memory capacitor, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network was constructed, and the recognition accuracy and convergence speed of the MLP network in the MNIST recognition task were simulated, and the feasibility of the ferroelectric memory capacitor synaptic device for real neural network operation was analyzed. The results show that the recognition accuracy of the MLP network reaches 93% and stabilizes after 50 iterations of training, and the recognition accuracy of the MLP network is already at a high usable level after a smaller number of training times of 20, which suggests that the synaptic plasticity of the ferroelectric memory capacitor has a good potential for the practical application of the weight updating of the MLP network.
Confluence of electronic structure calculations (DFT) and machine learning (ML) for lithium and sodium-ion batteries: a theoretical perspective
Authors: Sharma Henu , Katari Vinay , Sahu Kisor K , Singh Anjali 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The world is rapidly transitioning towards clean energy solutions, and batteries are the key drivers of this transition. With increasing demand for large-scale energy storage systems, the need for cost-effective and sustainable battery storage systems is also increasing. Until now, lithium-ion batteries have completely dominated the commercial rechargeable battery storage space. Due to sodium’s greater affordability and abundance compared to lithium, sodium-ion batteries have drawn interest as a complementary technology to lithium-ion batteries in various applications, like grid storage devices. First-principles studies are often used today to effectively study the key properties of alkali-ion batteries that are difficult to access otherwise, such as the electronic structure effects, ion diffusivity, and quantitative comparison with experiments, to name a few. Understanding the electronic structure of battery materials can help researchers design more efficient and longer-lasting batteries. Recently, machine learning (ML) approaches have emerged as a very attractive tool both for prediction (forward) problems as well as design (or inverse) problems. Dramatic reductions in computational costs, coupled with the rapid development of ML tools in general and deep learning methods in particular, have kindled keen interest. This is so because they can supplement the traditional experimental, theoretical, and computational tools to significantly augment the quest for rapid development and deployment of new products. Furthermore, the integration of electronic structure calculations and ML benefits society by accelerating the development at considerably lower costs for more efficient and sustainable batteries, which can lead to longer-lasting portable devices, cleaner energy storage solutions, and lower environmental impact. This topical review article will focus on how density functional theory (DFT) and ML can facilitate Li-ion and Na-ion battery research via material discovery, rapid screening, and tuning of the electrode properties.
Multimodal Pain Control in Abdominoplasty: A Systematic Review and Algorithm of Optimal Pain Management
Authors: Shauly Orr , Marxen Troy , Menon Ambika , Swan Courtney , Smearman Erica , Gould Daniel J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The procedure with the highest rate of opioid prescription in plastic surgery is abdominoplasty. Additionally, plastic surgery patients are at a particularly elevated risk of becoming opioid-dependent. The main objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and create an algorithm for a multimodal pain regimen specific to patients undergoing abdominoplasty. A systematic search of the research literature was performed to summarize the prevailing understanding of multimodal pain control in the management of abdominoplasty. The initial search yielded 448 articles. Sixty-eight manuscripts were identified for full-text review. The effectiveness of current strategies was evaluated by way of pain scores, opioid usage, and length of stay, as well as other measures of physical function such as time to early mobilization. In 32 studies involving 2451 patients, the efficacy of different pain regimens during abdominoplasty was evaluated. Among nontraditional, opioid-sparing analgesia, efficacy of treatment interventions for improved pain and decreased opioid usage was found inall studies. Among local infusion studies, efficacy of treatment interventions for improved pain and decreased opioid usage was found in 78% of studies. Last, among regional block studies, efficacy of treatment interventions for improved pain was found in 87%, with 73% efficacy for decreased opioid usage. Multimodal pain regimens in abdominoplasty have the potential to play an important role in opioid-sparing practices in medicine by incorporating nonopioid pain adjuvants such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and transversus abdominis plane blocks in the preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative periods.

Level of Evidence: 2
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) With Exparel in Tissue Expander–based Breast Reconstruction Following Mastectomy
Authors: Haddock Nicholas T , Cummins Samantha , Lakatta Alexis C , Teotia Sumeet S , Farr Deborah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways have been widely shown to yield positive outcomes, including in plastic surgery. Our group has previously validated ERAS in our deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction population.

Objectives
We evaluated whether the ERAS protocol and addition of liposomal bupivacaine affected patient outcomes at the time of mastectomy and first-stage tissue expander reconstruction.

Methods
All patients treated between July 2021 and May 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. The ERAS protocol was implemented in December 2021. Two patient groups were compared: pre-ERAS and ERAS. The ERAS protocol included use of liposomal bupivacaine in the pectoralis nerve block 1/2 planes. Primary outcomes were observed with postoperative length of stay and hospital narcotic use.

Results
Eighty-one patients were analyzed in this cohort. The pre-ERAS group was composed of 41 patients, the ERAS group was composed of 83 patients. Postoperative length of stay was significantly reduced in the ERAS group (1.7 pre-ERAS vs 1.1 ERAS, P = .0004). When looking at morphine equivalents during the hospital stay, the degree of narcotics in the recovery room was relatively similar. Average PACU pain morphine equivalents were 6.1 pre-ERAS vs 7.1 ERAS (P = .406). However, total hospital morphine equivalents were significantly lower in the ERAS group (65.0 pre-ERAS vs 26.2 ERAS, P = &lt;.001).

Conclusions
The introduction of an enhanced recovery after surgery protocol with liposomal bupivacaine pectoralis 1/2 nerve blocks decreased postoperative opioid consumption and hospital length of stay in mastectomy patients undergoing tissue expander–based reconstruction.

Level of Evidence: 4
Enhanced Recovery After Gender-Affirming Surgery
Authors: Etemad Shervin A , Poh Melissa M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in multiple surgical disciplines has revolutionized perioperative care, demonstrating reduced complications and shorter hospital stays across surgical specialties. ERAS protocols have increasingly been incorporated in plastic surgery, yet a notable gap in the literature on ERAS for gender-affirming surgery (GAS) still exists. A scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify studies on ERAS protocols in GAS. The aim of this review was to assess the current status of ERAS adoption in GAS, evaluate its impact on perioperative care, and provide recommendations for future research and clinical practice. While there is an overall scarcity of evidence-based ERAS protocols across GAS, published studies on the application of ERAS in GAS have demonstrated promising early outcomes and illustrate an area for further investigation and innovation in plastic surgery.

Level of Evidence: 5
C2CDB: an advanced platform integrating comprehensive information and analysis tools of cancer-related circRNAs
Authors: Zuo Yuanli , Liu Wenrong , Jin Yang , Pan Yitong , Fan Ting , Fu Xin , Guo Jiawei , Tan Shuangyan , He Juan , Yang Yang , Li Zhang , Yang Chenyu , Peng Yong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in gene expression and their involvement in tumorigenesis is emerging. circRNA-related database is a powerful tool for researchers to investigate circRNAs. However, existing databases lack advanced platform integrating comprehensive information and analysis tools of cancer-related circRNAs.

Results
We developed a comprehensive platform called CircRNA to Cancer Database (C2CDB), encompassing 318 158 cancer-related circRNAs expressed in tumors and adjacent tissues across 30 types of cancers. C2CDB provides basic details such as sequence and expression levels of circRNAs, as well as crucial insights into biological mechanisms, including miRNA binding, RNA-binding protein interaction, coding potential, base modification, mutation, and secondary structure. Moreover, C2CDB collects an extensive compilation of published literature on cancer circRNAs, extracting and presenting pivotal content encompassing biological functions, underlying mechanisms, and molecular tools in these studies. Additionally, C2CDB offers integrated tools to analyse three potential mechanisms: circRNA-miRNA ceRNA interaction, circRNA encoding, and circRNA biogenesis, facilitating investigators with convenient access to highly reliable information. To enhance clarity and organization, C2CDB has meticulously curated and integrated the previously chaotic nomenclature of circRNAs, addressing the prevailing confusion and ambiguity surrounding their designations.

Availability and implementation
C2CDB is freely available at http://pengyonglab.com/c2cdb.
Sex-related differences in oncological surgery and postoperative outcomes: comprehensive, nationwide study in France
Authors: Jochum Floriane , Hamy Anne-Sophie , Gougis Paul , Dumas Élise , Grandal Beatriz , Sauzey Mathilde , Laas Enora , Feron Jean-Guillaume , Fourchotte Virginie , Gaillard Thomas , Girard Noemie , Pauly Lea , Gauroy Elodie , Darrigues Lauren , Hotton Judicael , Lecointre Lise , Reyal Fabien , Lecuru Fabrice , Akladios Cherif 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The main objective of this study was to undertake an exhaustive investigation of sex-related differences in cancer surgery.

Methods
This observational study used data from the French national health insurance system database covering 98.8% of the population. Patients diagnosed with non-sex-specific solid invasive cancers between January 2018 and December 2019 were included. The main outcomes were likelihood of undergoing cancer surgery, type of oncological surgery performed, and associated 30-, 60-, and 90-day postoperative reoperation and mortality rates, by sex.

Results
For the 367 887 patients included, women were 44% more likely than men to undergo cancer surgery (OR 1.44, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.59; P &lt; 0.001). However, the likelihood of surgery decreased with advancing age (OR 0.98, 0.98 to 0.98; P &lt; 0.001), and with increasing number of co-morbid conditions (OR 0.95, 0.95 to 0.96; P &lt; 0.001), especially in women. Men had higher 90-day reoperation (21.2 versus 18.8%; P &lt; 0.001) and mortality (1.2 versus 0.9%; P &lt; 0.001) rates than women, overall, and for most cancer types, with the exception of bladder cancer, for which the 90-day mortality rate was higher among women (1.8 versus 1.4%; P &lt; 0.001). After adjustment for age, number of co-morbid conditions, and surgical procedure, 90-day mortality remained higher in men (OR 1.16, 1.07 to 1.26; P &lt; 0.001), and men were 21% more likely than women to undergo reoperation within 90 days (OR 1.21, 1.18 to 1.23; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Women were much more likely than men to undergo cancer surgery than men, but the likelihood of surgery decreased with advancing age and with increasing number of co-morbid conditions, especially in women. These findings highlight a need for both increased awareness and strategies to ensure gender equality in access to oncological surgical treatment and improved outcomes.