bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of a Tablet Audiometer for Measuring Behavioral Hearing Thresholds in a Clinical Population
Authors: Thompson Gregory P. , Sladen Douglas P. , Borst Becky J. Hughes , Still Owen L. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo examine the validity of a tablet computer–based audiometer for measuring hearing thresholds in a moderately noisy environment.Study DesignA prospective single‐cohort repeated measures study.SettingTertiary care institution providing hearing health care to a diverse population.Subjects and MethodsSubjects included 49 participants (44 adults, 5 children) with all degrees of hearing sensitivity. Potential participants were excluded if they were <4 years old or had cognitive deficits or ear drainage. Participants were tested with established audiometric tests and a tablet audiometer. Threshold values were measured for both ears using various stimuli (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz). Testing with the tablet audiometer was conducted in a non‐sound‐treated room; room properties were characterized by ambient noise level and reverberation testing. Calibration assessment of the tablet audiometer was performed on 3 occasions.ResultsWithin the test thresholds for hearing level, results from the tablet device were within 10 dB of those determined by conventional audiometry for 164 of 172 hearing levels and did not show proportional bias over the testing range. Calibration assessment showed accurate proximity between output and target values, though crosstalk and linearity failed initial assessments.ConclusionThe tablet‐based automated audiometer presents a new method for threshold hearing assessment outside conventional sound booths.
Does Nasal Surgery Improve OSA in Patients with Nasal Obstruction and OSA? A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Ishii Lisa , Roxbury Chris , Godoy Andres , Ishman Stacey , Ishii Masaru 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine if isolated nasal surgery in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and nasal airway obstruction improves obstructive sleep apnea.Data SourcesComputerized searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library through October 2014. Manual searches and subject matter expert input was also solicited.Review MethodsA search protocol was defined a priori, and 2 independent investigators performed the data extraction, focusing on relevant data, including quality data polysomnography data, and taking note of methodological quality and risk for bias.ResultsThe 10 studies meeting criteria included a total of 320 patients. There were 2 randomized controlled trials, 7 prospective studies, and 1 retrospective study. There was a significant improvement in the pooled results of both Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS; difference 3.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.64, 6.23]) and Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI; 11.06, 95% CI [5.92, 16.19]) scores with isolated nasal surgery. There was no significant improvement in the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) in the random effects model (4.83, 95% CI [–1.6, 11.62]).ConclusionsThe pooled results showed that isolated nasal surgery for patients with nasal obstruction and obstructive sleep apnea improved some sleep parameters, as shown by significant improvements in ESS and RDI, but had no significant improvements on AHI. Future controlled studies with larger groups are needed to confirm the benefits of isolated nasal surgery in this patient population.
Combination of factor Xa inhibition and antiplatelet therapy after stenting in patients with iliofemoral post-thrombotic venous obstruction
Authors: Langwieser Nicolas , Bernlochner Isabell , Wustrow Isabel , Dirschinger Ralf J , Jaitner Juliane , Dommasch Michael , Bradaric Christian , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Ibrahim Tareq 
Published: July 2015

Objectives Studies addressing optimal postprocedural pharmacological management after endovascular stenting of iliofemoral post-thrombotic venous obstruction are lacking. We report our early clinical experience with a combination of rivaroxaban and clopidogrel in patients after iliofemoral post-thrombotic venous obstruction stenting. Methods Demographic, procedural, and follow-up data of nine patients (seven women; mean age of 32 ± 11 years) undergoing 10 procedures for iliofemoral post-thrombotic venous obstruction performed between August 2012 and January 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. After endovascular intervention, all patients were administered 20 mg rivaroxaban once daily (s.i.d.) and 75 mg clopidogrel s.i.d. or every second day depending on the individual drug responsiveness for at least six months. The adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation (platelet aggregation, in aggregation units × min) was assessed on a Multiplate analyzer. Patency was verified venographically at procedure end and was evaluated with duplex ultrasound in regular follow-ups. Results Iliofemoral venous flow was successfully re-established by percutaneous endovascular angioplasty and stent implantation in nine left-sided and one bilateral iliofemoral post-thrombotic venous obstruction. Under dual treatment strategy of rivaroxaban and clopidogrel with platelet aggregation control (median (range): 285 aggregation units × min (192; 402)), none of the patients experienced restenosis or stent thrombosis, respectively. After a median follow-up of 14 months (range: 6–26 months), the primary patency rate was 100% and no in-stent restenosis, stent occlusion or relevant minor or major bleeding occurred. Conclusion Combined factor Xa inhibition and tailored antiplatelet therapy after stenting of iliofemoral post-thrombotic venous obstruction were safe and performed favorably in terms of vessel patency.
YouTube as a source of information on varicose veins
Authors: Güneş Tevfik , Serinken Mustafa , Alur İhsan , Beydilli Halil , Karcioglu Ozgur , Eken Cenker 
Published: July 2015

Background There has been little investigation of videos related to varicose veins in Internet media. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and scientific accuracy of the videos related to varicose veins which were uploaded to the youtube.com website. Methods The YouTube site was searched in October 2014 using the keywords varicose vein, varicose veins, and varicosis with no filter. The contents of the reviewed videos were assigned to three groups as useful, partly useful, and not useful by using the criteria including the scientific contents of the videos, contemporariness and accuracy of the insight, and presentation of the data particularly regarding the visual features. The statistical analysis was based only on the videos rated as ‘useful.’ Results In total, 1519 (84.4%) of 1800 videos evaluated were excluded. Many of the sources uploading videos to the website were healthcare professionals (32.7% n = 92). Regarding the source of the upload, those from official institutions/associations were viewed statistically significantly more often than videos uploaded by all others ( p = 0.001). The rated usefulness was significantly higher for videos uploaded by official institutions/associations (100%) than those uploaded by others ( p = 0.01). Conclusions Official institutions/associations should be encouraged to produce and upload videos including up-to-date and comprehensive information regarding the disease. Likewise, additional search tools would be useful to locate videos uploaded by academic figures and institutions.
In vitro-generated MDSCs prevent murine GVHD by inducing type 2 T cells without disabling antitumor cytotoxicity
Authors: Messmann Joanna J. , Reisser Tanja , Leithäuser Frank , Lutz Manfred B. , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Strauss Gudrun 
Published: July 2015

Key PointsMDSC treatment prevents GVHD by skewing T cells toward type 2 T cells. MDSCs proliferate in vivo, suppress independent of major histocompatibility complex class I expression, and do not impair allogeneic T-cell homing and the graft-versus-tumor effect.
Iron Supplementation Associated With Loss of Phenotype in Autosomal Dominant Hypophosphatemic Rickets
Authors: Kapelari Klaus , Köhle Julia , Kotzot Dieter , Högler Wolfgang 
Published: July 2015

Context:
Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) is the only hereditary disorder of renal phosphate wasting in which patients may regain the ability to conserve phosphate. Low iron status plays a role in the pathophysiology of ADHR.

Objective:
This study reports of a girl with ADHR, iron deficiency, and a paternal history of hypophosphatemic rickets that resolved without treatment. The girl's biochemical phenotype resolved with iron supplementation.

Subjects:
A 26-month-old girl presented with typical features of hypophosphatemic rickets, short stature (79 cm; −2.82 SDS), and iron deficiency. Treatment with elemental phosphorus and calcitriol improved her biochemical profile and resolved the rickets. The girl's father had presented with rickets at age 11 months but never received medication. His final height was reduced (154.3 cm; −3.51 SDS), he had undergone corrective leg surgery and had an adult normal phosphate, fibroblast growth factor 23, and iron status. Father and daughter were found to have a heterozygous mutation in exon 3 of the FGF23 gene (c.536G&gt;A, p.Arg179Gln), confirming ADHR.

Intervention:
Withdrawal of rickets medication was attempted off and on iron supplementation.

Results:
Withdrawal of rickets medication in the girl was unsuccessful in the presence of low-normal serum iron levels at age 5.6 years but was later successful in the presence of high-normal serum iron levels following high-dose iron supplementation.

Conclusions:
We report an association between iron supplementation and a complete loss of biochemical ADHR phenotype, allowing withdrawal of rickets medication. Experience from this case suggests that reduction and withdrawal of rickets medication should be attempted only after iron status has been optimized.
Electrochemical Performances of Zinc Oxide Electrodes Coated with Layered Double Hydroxides in Alkaline Solutions
Authors: Lee You-Shin , Miyazaki Kohei , Fukutsuka Tomokazu , Abe Takeshi 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We introduced a coating layer of Mg-Al-based layered double hydroxides (Mg-Al LDHs) on zinc oxide composite electrodes, and investigated its effects on the charge–discharge performance as a zinc negative electrode in alkaline solutions. The coating layer with Mg-Al LDHs successfully improved the discharge capacities and suppressed the shape change of electrodes after continuous charge–discharge cycles.
Narodziny „żydowskiej archeologii” i nowoczesna interpretacja antycznej sztuki żydowskiej
Authors: Maciudzińska-Kamczycka Magdalena 
Published: July 2015

The focus of this paper will be on the Jewish experience with art during the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries when Zionist scholars attempted to promote their own vision of Eretz Israel as the ancestral homeland. Jewish archaeology became an important propaganda tool designed both to generate nationalistic pride and provide scientific argument that Jews had possessed a rich and significant visual culture in the antique period of this “Old-New Land”. This is how the need of promoting Jewish nationalism made archaeology and art a very important aspect of the revival process.
Stres, przemiany tożsamości i konsumeryzm — wyzwania współczesnej młodzieży
Authors: Orzechowski Paweł 
Published: July 2015

Every day, contemporary youngsters face limitations and exploit the possibilities offered by the global reality. The conditions which characterise the beginning of the 21st century are vastly different from the times in which their parents and grandparents grew up. It would be futile to look for any kind of order in the world today, be it political, moral or economic one. The young, who experience temporariness and constant change, have to develop their own measures of coping with post-modern challenges. The principal issue presented in this paper is the occurrence of information and relational stress. The fast pace of local migration, the overload of information, the weakening of social bonds and the relationships lasting “here and now” are the shameful markers of the lifestyle of young people. These are also constitutive traits which distinguish contemporary teenagers from their predecessors. In the subsequent section, the author considers excessive consumption as a modern form of cult. Finally, attention is drawn to the incoherent and continually evolving identity of individuals, who seek to determine their place within the contemporary social structures.
Sposoby gromadzenia oraz magazynowania zasobów wodnych w klasycznej kulturze nizinnych majów (iii–ix/x wiek n.e.)
Authors: Jagodziński Kajetan 
Published: July 2015

Ththe Maya, Central America, water, water management, aguadas, chultunes, water lily, ancient civilisations e main task of this paper is to demonstrate how the ancient Maya solved the problem of collecting and storing water, which due to geological and hydrological conditions was in very short supply at a certain period. For this reason, the indigenous population developed a range of methods which enabled them to resolve the problem; for instance, they built reservoirs or utilised natural hollows to increase the capacity of water storage. This study aims to present their major hydrotechnological measures, which permitted normal functioning of a society in the very demanding climatic conditions.
Monarchia absolutna ludwika XIV. Nowe ścieżki badawcze
Authors: Grobelna Paulina 
Published: July 2015

The classical perception of French absolutism, which so far has been identified with the system of powerful rule of the monarch with only theoretical limitations, should be subject to revision. A reinterpretation of the manner of exercising power is inevitable, especially having adopted the approach where absolutist theory is confronted with the practice of rule. Such a perspective reveals practical limitations of the monarch’s power, which obstruct a full performance of prerogatives arising from the theory of absolutist rule. !e interests of historians in the issues relating to the functioning of a state yielded a new approach to Louis’ XIV absolutism, while the vast body of pertinent works creates a situation where it is easy to lose one’s bearings in the maze of equivocal answers. Through a brief summary of the major themes in conducted studies, the article aims to demonstrate the complexity of the problem that French absolutism represents today
Multi-cation biosorption by chlorella kessleri
Authors: Saeid Agnieszka , Chojnacka Katarzyna 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper discusses the biosorption in a multi-cation system as an example of advances in the method of ions removal/binding to the biomass.

Biosorption experiments were conducted on Chlorella kessleri biomass. The ions used in the experiment were Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II) and had the following configurations: binary, ternary and quaternary system. Also, the effect of the following anions Cl-, NO3
-, SO4
2- on the biosorption process in the quaternary system (initial concentration of each ion was 0−300 mg L-1) was examined.

The affinity order determined in the experiment was as follows: Cu(II)>Zn(II)>Mn(II)>Co(II). At higher concentrations of Cu(II) cations, the strong competition effect between Cu(II) cations with the remaining cations was observed. The modified Langumir competition model was proposed to support the biosorption method in the description of the experimental data of inhibited metal ions biosorption. After the influence of anions was examined, the highest total biosorption capacity was obtained for 1:1:2 system (Cl-: NO3
- : SO4
2-).
Comparison of pulp species in IONCELL-P: selective hemicellulose extraction method with ionic liquids
Authors: Roselli Annariikka , Asikainen Sari , Stepan Agnes , Monshizadeh Alireza , von Weymarn Niklas , Kovasin Kari , Wang Yawei , Xiong Hairong , Turunen Ossi , Hummel Michael , Sixta Herbert 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In our recent studies, it was demonstrated that the IONCELL-P process selectively dissolves hemicelluloses from bleached birch kraft pulp in a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][OAc]) and water as a solvent system. The IONCELL-P method refines paper-grade pulp to dissolving pulp with <5% hemicelluloses and allows isolation of polymeric xylan without yield losses or polymer degradation. This paper is a comparative study where paper-grade pine, birch, and eucalyptus pulps are subjected to the IONCELL-P process with two [emim]-based ionic liquids (ILs), i.e. [emim]acetate and [emim]dimethylphosphate. Also, the effect of an endoglucanase pretreatment was investigated to check whether 1) the pulp viscosity could be adjusted for the following process steps before the hemicellulose extraction and 2) the decreasing pulp viscosity would open the fiber structure and thus enhance the extraction. Under optimum conditions, the birch xylan content could be reduced from 25.4% down to 1.3% and for eucalyptus from 16.6% to 2.4%. Pine pulp xylan and glucomannan were decreased from 8.1% and 7.1% to 0.9% and 2.2%, respectively. The residual hemicellulose contents of the pine pulp could be further decreased with a hemicellulase pretreatment. The selectivity of the dissolution towards hemicelluloses was better for hardwoods. Adjusting the pulp viscosity by endoglucanase prior to the IONCELL-P process reduced the selectivity as short-chain cellulose molecules were extracted along with the hemicelluloses.
Preparation and Dielectric Properties of Si3N4/BN(CB) Composite Ceramic
Authors: Weiling Xiao , Peng Xiao , Heng Luo , Wei Zhou , Yang Li 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Si3N4/nano-carbon black (CB) composite ceramics with boron nitride (BN) as interphase were fabricated by gelcasting. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the structures of BN interphase and BN coated CB were formed and were uniform distributed in the Si3N4 ceramic. The permittivity (ε′ε″) of BN-coated CB was obviously lower than that of the pure CB, and the impedance of the BN-coated CB particles was close to the Z
0 (Z
0 = 1, Z
0 is impedance under vacuum) compared with that of the CB particles; therefore, electromagnetic wave can enter into the BN-coated CB particles and be dissipated due to the high conductivity of CB particles. When incorporating the BN(CB) into Si3N4 substrate, the electromagnetic wave can pass through Si3N4/nano-CB composite ceramics easily and be absorbed by CB, so the tgδ of the composite ceramic increased as the mass content of BN(CB) increased. The tgδ of the composite ceramic was about 0.43 when the content of BN(CB) increased to 15 wt%.
Stochastic algorithms for solving linear and nonlinear inverse ill-posed
problems for particle size retrieving and x-ray diffraction analysis of epitaxial films
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl K. , Mozartova Nadezhda S. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We suggest stochastic simulation techniques for solving two classes
of linear and nonlinear inverse and ill-posed problems: (1) recovering the particle nanosize distribution
from diffusion battery measurements, and (2) retrieving the step structure of the
epitaxial films from the x-ray diffraction analysis.
To solve these problems we develop three stochastic based methods:
(1) the random projection method,
a stochastic version of the Kaczmarz method, (2) a randomized SVD method, and (3) stochastic
genetic algorithm. Results of comparative simulations of the three methods are also presented.
Survival of Bifidobacteria and their usefulness
in Faecal Source Tracking
Authors: Luyt Catherine D. , Khamanga S. M. M. , Muller W. J. , Tandlich Roman 
Published: July 2015

Abstract:
Bifidobacteria have long since been
recommended as indicators of human and animal
pollution. Concentration ratio (tracking ratio) of
the sorbitol-utilising bifidobacteria (SUB) and the
total bifidobacteria (TB) can be used to distinguish
between animal and human sources of faecal water
contamination. The cut-off value needs to be calibrated
in a given geographical area. Seven sites with permanent
faecal contamination were selected in South Africa.
Concentrations of SUB ranged from 10-50000 cells/100
mL, while TB ranged from 0-8000 cells/100 mL. The
tracking ratio ranged from 0.10 to 6.25, but no clear cut-off
value could be established. The YN-17 agar was replaced
for TB with the modified Beerens medium with pH = 5.70,
to suppress the growth of faecal streptococci. Tracking
ratios observed are most likely the results of different
survival rates of SUB and TB. Bifidobacteria die-off due
to nutrients was not found to be significant using design
of experiment. Thus a lack of continuous input or oxygen
levels in water may be major factors. This would limit the
ratios used as a faecal source tracking method.
How Musical was Heraclitus’ Harmony? A reassessment of 22 B 8, 10, 51 DK
Authors: Sassi Maria Michela 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis essay provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of a cluster of Heraclitus’ fragments that revolve around an image of ‘musical’ harmony (B 8, 10, and 51 Diels-Kranz). The aim is to demonstrate that more numerous as well as more specific references to contemporary musical practice can be found in these fragments than is usually thought. In particular, it is argued that in his talk of cosmic
Olearius on Atomism and Theism in Heraclitus: A Presocratic in late 17th century Germany
Authors: Primavesi Oliver 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn a 1697 monograph, Gottfried Olearius (1672–1715) endeavours to establish Heraclitus as an important new witness for a general thesis upheld by Ralph Cudworth in 1678. According to Cudworth, Greek philosophers earlier than or independent of Leucippus combined a version of atomism with the belief that the world is ruled by God(s). Olearius tries to improve on Cudworth by showing that Heraclitus, who does not figure among Cudworth’s authorities, also upheld both atomism and theism. As to Heraclitean atomism, Olearius starts from a contra diction within the doxographical tradition: According to some authors, the first principle of Nature in Heraclitus is fire, according to others it is exhalation, i.e. air. Olearius suggests that neither “fire” nor “exhalation” can bear their ordinary meaning here, but that Heraclitus uses both terms to hint at very small, swiftly moved, indivisible particles; yet defining such particles as principles of nature must count as atomism. This result is confirmed by a metallurgical simile, apparently used by Heraclitus, which was taken by Aristotle and the doxographical tradition to imply that Heraclitus traced back everything there is to very small and indivisible fire particles prior to the One. The ascription of theism to Heraclitus, in turn, rests on two further texts which report that Heraclitus ascribed the periodical condensation and rarefaction of matter to a
The machine or the garden: Semiotics and the American yard
Authors: Hirschman Elizabeth C. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAround 10,000 BC, rapid global warming led to the development of agriculture, sedentary life, and the long distance transport of goods, services, and knowledge – the precursors of contemporary civilization. Concurrent with these events arose the utilitarian philosophy that the natural world should be exploited for material advancement and that parcels of land could be privately owned and developed. This practice continues to the present day through individual ownership of houses and their surrounding yards. Interviews with American homeowners can provide semiotic insights into how the land under their direct ownership is viewed. Findings lead along a complex trail of images suggesting that the relationship between humans and nature is deeply conflicted. Tracing this relationship back in time through various philosophical positions regarding nature suggests that humans may not be ideologically committed to environmental preservation.