bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternate levels versus all levels mini-plate fixation in C3-6 cervical laminoplasty: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Liu Feng-Yu , Yu Jin-He , Huo Li-Shuang , Meng De-Jing , Lu Kuan , Liu Zhao , Ren Liang , Sun Xian-Ze 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study is to compare radiological and clinical outcomes between alternate levels (C4 and C6) and all levels mini-plate fixation in C3-6 unilateral open-door laminoplasty.

Methods
Ninety-six patients who underwent C3-6 unilateral open-door laminoplasty with alternate levels mini-plate fixation (54 patients in group A) or all levels mini-plate fixation (42 patients in group B) between September 2014 and September 2019 were reviewed in this study. Radiologic and clinical outcomes were assessed. Clinical results included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of axial neck pain and Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score. Radiographic results included cervical range of motion (ROM), cervical curvature index (CCI), and the spinal canal expansive parameters including open angle, anteroposterior diameter (APD), and Pavlov`s ratio.

Results
There was no significant difference in VAS, JOA score, ROM, and CCI between two groups. There was no significant difference in canal expansion postoperatively between two groups. However, open angle, APD, and Pavlov`s ratio in group A decreased significantly during the follow-up. In group B, APD, Pavlov`s ratio, and open angle were maintained until the final follow-up. There was no hardware failure or lamina reclosure occurred in both groups during the follow-up. The mean cost of group B was higher than that of group A.

Conclusions
Despite the differences in the maintenance of canal expansion, alternate levels mini-plate fixation can achieve similar clinical outcomes as all levels mini-plate fixation in C3-6 unilateral open-door laminoplasty. As evidenced in this study, we believe C3-6 laminoplasty with alternate levels (C4 and C6) mini-plate fixation is an economical, effective, and safe treatment method.
Safe use elements of finished herbal products: insights from consumers and practitioners in Malaysia
Authors: Roziman Nur Syamila Mohd , Mustafa Din Wardah , Mahadi Zurina , Islahudin Farida , Said Mazlina Md. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of finished herbal products (FHPs) among Malaysians today is expanding rapidly leading to a huge market of FHPs in the country. However, the mass production of FHPs in today’s market is alarming due to safety-use issues that could lead to serious adverse effects. Nevertheless, demands are still high for FHPs as most consumers perceived it as safe to consume as it is made from natural substances as the active ingredients. This study aims to explore the safe use elements of FHPs identified by two stakeholders: consumers and practitioners in Malaysia and further compare these elements with the current regulations.

Methods
As an exploratory study, its approach is to investigate at an in-depth level of understanding of safe use elements from the involved stakeholders: consumers and practitioners. We had a total of 4 focus group discussion sessions (1 FGD session with consumer and 3 FGD sessions with practitioners) as a method of collecting data from the participants. The FGDs were conducted in local native Malaysian and then being translated by researchers without changing their meanings. Thematic analysis was done which involves methodically reading through the verbatim transcripts and consequently segmenting and coding the text into categories that highlight what the participants have discussed.

Results
From the result, we found that both practitioners and consumers agreed a safe FHP must be in compliance with the guidelines from the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH). There are other safe use elements highlighted including halal certification, trusted over-the-counter outlets, and published reports on the safety, efficacy, and quality.

Conclusions
In conclusion, both practitioners and consumers agreed that the most important safe-use element is compliance with MOH guidelines, but the depth of discussion regarding the safety elements among these stakeholders holds a very huge gap. Thus, initiatives must be planned to increase the knowledge and understanding about the MOH guidelines towards achieving a sustainable ecosystem in the safe use of FHPs.
Psycho-emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing professionals in Ecuador: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Vaca-Auz Janet , Revelo-Villarreal Sonia , Anaya-González Jorge Luis , Vaca-Orellana Cristina , Castillo Rocío , Altamirano-Zavala Geovanna , Vicens-Blanes Francisco , Molina-Mula Jesús 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aim and objectives
To analyse the levels of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and burnout among nursing professionals working in the Imbabura region of Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify the contributing socio-occupational factors.

Background
The high demand for care of COVID-19 patients led to increased work pressure on nurses, owing to increased demands for care and shortages of medical supplies and protective equipment.

Design
A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2022 using a self-administered questionnaire addressed to nursing professionals who cared for COVID-19 patients.

Methods
The questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, the Spanish adaptation of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-Spanish), Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R) for the evaluation of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the Spanish adaptation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS-Spanish) for burnout assessment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results
Of the 782 participants, 88.6% had a high level of burnout (MBI-HSS-Spanish scale score > 27). Female nurses, nurses with eight-hour work shifts, and older professionals exhibited high levels of anxiety and depression. Prolonged working hours in COVID-19 patient care services were found to be a risk factor for burnout and post-traumatic stress.

Conclusions
Participating nurses presented with a high level of chronic work stress and exhibited signs of anxiety and depression during the period under consideration. Providing nurses with psychological support measures and performing liaison consultations will alleviate the psychological burden on nurses.

Relevance to clinical practice
The study has shown that accounting for the environments where the emotional impact is greatest and how to reduce it would not only reduce anxiety, depression, and burnout in nurses but also improve the quality of care, not only in pandemic.

Patient or public contribution
Nurses contributed to the conduct of the study by participating in the data collection via questionaries.
Radiology of fibrosis part III: genitourinary system
Authors: Tarchi Sofia Maria , Salvatore Mary , Lichtenstein Philip , Sekar Thillai , Capaccione Kathleen , Luk Lyndon , Shaish Hiram , Makkar Jasnit , Desperito Elise , Leb Jay , Navot Benjamin , Goldstein Jonathan , Laifer Sherelle , Beylergil Volkan , Ma Hong , Jambawalikar Sachin , Aberle Dwight , D’Souza Belinda , Bentley-Hibbert Stuart , Marin Monica Pernia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFibrosis is a pathological process involving the abnormal deposition of connective tissue, resulting from improper tissue repair in response to sustained injury caused by hypoxia, infection, or physical damage. It can impact any organ, leading to their dysfunction and eventual failure. Additionally, tissue fibrosis plays an important role in carcinogenesis and the progression of cancer.Early and accurate diagnosis of organ fibrosis, coupled with regular surveillance, is essential for timely disease-modifying interventions, ultimately reducing mortality and enhancing quality of life. While extensive research has already been carried out on the topics of aberrant wound healing and fibrogenesis, we lack a thorough understanding of how their relationship reveals itself through modern imaging techniques.This paper focuses on fibrosis of the genito-urinary system, detailing relevant imaging technologies used for its detection and exploring future directions.
Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in the Chinese population with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Wang Weilin , Zhou Jingdong , Kong Xuetao , Wang Yixuan , Wu Qixian , Gong Xiaoqing , Tai Jingye , Pan Yingxin , Huang Hongyuan , Zhao Zhen , Jiang Mei , Liu Jie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The safety and efficacy of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is still unclear. This study investigates COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, vaccine safety and efficacy, and COVID-19 symptoms in LAM patients.

Results
In total, 181 LAM patients and 143 healthy individuals responded to the questionnaire. The vaccination rate of LAM patients was 77.34%, and 15.7% of vaccinated LAM patients experienced adverse events. Vaccination decreased the risk of LAM patients developing anorexia [OR: 0.17, 95% CI: (0.07, 0.43)], myalgia [OR: 0.34, 95% CI: (0.13, 0.84)], and ageusia [OR: 0.34, 95% CI: (0.14, 0.84)]. In LAM patients, a use of mTOR inhibitors reduced the risk of developing symptoms during COVID-19, including fatigue [OR: 0.18, 95% CI: (0.03, 0.95)], anorexia [OR: 0.30, 95% CI: (0.09, 0.96)], and ageusia [OR: 0.20, 95% CI: (0.06, 0.67)].

Conclusions
Vaccination rates in the LAM population were lower than those in the general population, as 22.7% (41/181) of LAM patients had hesitations regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. However, the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in the LAM cohort was comparable to the healthy population, and COVID-19 vaccination decreased the incidence of COVID-19 symptoms in LAM patients. In addition, mTOR inhibitors seem not to determine a greater risk of complications in patients with LAM during COVID-19.
Screening primary carnitine deficiency in 10 million Chinese newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Jinfu , Li Guilin , Zeng Yinglin , Qiu Xiaolong , Zhao Peiran , Huang Ting , Wang Xi , Luo Jinying , Lin Na , Xu Liangpu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive fatty acid oxidation disorder caused by variants in SLC22A5, with its prevalence and SLC22A5 gene mutation spectrum varying across races and regions. This study aimed to systematically analyze the incidence of PCD in China and delineate regional differences in the prevalence of PCD and SLC22A5 gene variants.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese databases were searched up to November 2023. Following quality assessment and data extraction, a meta-analysis was performed on screening results for PCD among Chinese newborns.

Results
After reviewing 1,889 articles, 22 studies involving 9,958,380 newborns and 476 PCD cases were included. Of the 476 patients with PCD, 469 underwent genetic diagnosis, revealing 890 variants of 934 alleles of SLC22A5, among which 107 different variants were detected. The meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of PCD in China was 0.05‰ [95%CI, (0.04‰, 0.06‰)] or 1/20 000 [95%CI, (1/16 667, 1/25 000)]. Subgroup analyses revealed a higher incidence in southern China [0.07‰, 95%CI, (0.05‰, 0.08‰)] than in northern China [0.02‰, 95%CI, (0.02‰, 0.03‰)] (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the result of the meta-analysis showed that the frequency of the variant with c.1400C > G, c.51C > G, c.760C > T, c.338G > A, and c.428C > T were 45% [95%CI, (34%, 59%)], 26% [95%CI, (22%, 31%)], 14% [95%CI, (10%, 20%)], 6% [95%CI, (4%, 8%)], and 5% [95%CI, (4%, 8%)], respectively. Among the subgroup analyses, the variant frequency of c.1400C > G in southern China [39%, 95%CI, (29%, 53%)] was significantly lower than that in northern China [79‰, 95%CI, (47‰, 135‰)] (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study systematically analyzed PCD prevalence and identified common SLC22A5 gene variants in the Chinese population. The findings provide valuable epidemiological insights and guidance for future PCD screening effects in newborns.
App-based telerehabilitation program for older adults on waiting list for physiotherapy after hospital discharge: a feasibility pragmatic randomized trial
Authors: Borges Pollyana Ruggio Tristão , Sampaio Rosana Ferreira , Dias Jane Fonseca , Mancini Marisa Cotta , Ocarino Juliana Melo , Resende Renan Alves 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Inactivity while waiting for outpatient physiotherapy worsens the physical deconditioning of older adults after hospital discharge. Exercise programs can minimize the progression of deconditioning. In developing countries, telerehabilitation for older adults on the waiting list is still in the early stages. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the study procedures of a telerehabilitation program for older adults waiting for outpatient physiotherapy after hospital discharge.

Methods
This pragmatic randomized controlled trial recruited older adults (≥ 60 years) with several clinical diagnoses on the waiting list for outpatient physiotherapy in the Brazilian public health system after hospital discharge. The telerehabilitation group (n = 17) received a personalized program of multicomponent remote exercises using a smartphone app. The control group (n = 17) followed the usual waiting list. We assessed recruitment and dropout rates, safety, adherence, and satisfaction. The preliminary effects were verified on clinical outcomes.

Results
We recruited 5.6 older adults monthly; dropouts were 12%. No serious adverse events were associated with the telerehabilitation program. The weekly adherence was 2.85 (1.43) days, and in 63.3% of the weeks the participants were enrolled, they performed the exercise program at least twice a week. Participants rated the telerehabilitation program as 9.71 (0.21), and the safety of remote exercises without professional supervision as 8.6 (2.2) on a 0–10 scale.

Conclusions
The telerehabilitation program using a smartphone app was safe and presented high participants’ satisfaction and adequate adherence, recruitment, and dropout rates. Therefore, the definitive study can be conducted with few modifications.

Trial registration
Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC), RBR-9243v7. Registered on 24 August 2020. https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-9243v7.
Rivaroxaban’s vascular dose for the neurovascular clinician
Authors: Chong Ji Y. , Jan Kalimullah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRivaroxaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, has proven efficacy and safety at its standard dose in the treatment and prevention of various vascular conditions. These include the treatment of venous thromboembolism and stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. A “very low” vascular dose of rivaroxaban, when combined with low-dose aspirin, has been demonstrated to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, including stroke, in both acute and chronic coronary syndrome. The combination of rivaroxaban and low-dose aspirin could potentially offer an additional strategy for stroke prevention in selected non-atrial fibrillation patients who are at a high risk of stroke.
A cost-efficient algorithm for diagnosing children with dysmorphic features
Authors: Levkova Mariya , Stoyanova Milena , Hachmeriyan Mari , Angelova Lyudmila 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is crucial to create a cost-effective work protocol that will guide everyone involved in diagnosing children with dysmorphic features step-by-step and ensure that testing costs are reduced without compromising care quality in light of the rising prevalence of rare diseases and congenital malformations. Based on our own experience, we offer an effective approach for identifying children with dysmorphic traits. Following a thorough medical history and physical examination utilizing the dysmorphology checklist we created, the patient should have their photographs taken. The second step involves using face recognition software and searching dysmorphology databases for a matching diagnosis. The final two steps of the suggested protocol are ordering the molecular-genetic analysis and providing genetic counseling. The suggested approach could help in everyday practice and reduce unnecessary testing. It takes significant clinical expertise and knowledge to correctly diagnose a syndrome, especially the capacity to recognize the particular dysmorphic symptoms that can be typical for a given genetic disorder. The suggested dysmorphology checklist could be extremely helpful for routine daily practice.
PAS-004: A novel macrocyclic MEK inhibitor to inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in mouse xenograft studies.
Authors: Currie Graeme , Leviten Michael , Ryner Lisa , Khire Uday , Lazarus Mathew 
Published: July 2024

3126 Background: Three MEK inhibitors have been approved to date to treat melanomas driven by RAS pathway mutations and a 4th compound (selumetinib) is approved to treat Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) in pediatric patients. PAS-004 is the first macrocyclic MEK inhibitor in development for solid tumors and NF1. Methods: Ten NRAS mutant cancer cell lines were cultured for 48 hrs in the presence of the MEK inhibitor PAS-004, trametinib, binimetinib (bini) and selumetinib (selu) and cell proliferation was assayed using a Cell Titer Glo luminescence assay. The anti-tumor activity of PAS-004 was compared with selu and bini in two mouse xenograft studies using NRAS mutant human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and lung carcinoma cell lines. Dose response was assessed with treatment initiated when the tumor reached a volume of 150 mm3 and mice treated for 20 days. Body weights and tumor volumes were measured twice weekly. Tumors were excised at the end of the study and pERK inhibition was assessed by Western blot. Terminal plasma was collected for PK analysis. Results: PAS-004 strongly inhibited 5/10 NRAS mutant cancer lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.024 to 0.306 µM. Maximal growth inhibition of >50% was achieved by PAS-004 in 8 cell lines and PAS-004 achieved greater maximal inhibition in 7/10 lines vs selu and bini. PAS-004 inhibition was comparable to trametinib in 5/10 cell lines tested. However, in contrast to trametinib PAS-004 did not reach a plateau at the highest dose tested in three of these lines. In the HCC xenograft study the highest dose of PAS-004 completely prevented tumor growth and the same dose caused a 69% reduction in tumor volume in the lung carcinoma xenograft study. The anti-tumor efficacy of PAS-004, when taken at equivalent doses, was shown to be superior to that of bini and selu. Specifically, PAS-004 at dose levels of 10 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, once daily, exhibited higher efficacy compared to bini and selu at dose levels of 5 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg, when administered twice daily, respectively. No significant differences in body weight loss were seen between the compounds. Conclusions: The novel macrocyclic MEK inhibitorPAS-004 inhibited NRAS mutant tumor growth in mouse xenograft studies with similar activity as the approved MEK inhibitors selu and bini. In vitro, PAS-004 provided greater maximal growth inhibition of NRAS lines than selu and bini. These results support investigating PAS-004 further and a clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors carrying RAS pathway mutations, including NRAS variants, is ongoing.
The genomic, transcriptomic, and immunologic landscape of TEM8 (ANTXR1) in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Authors: Kareff Samuel A. , Krause Harris Benjamin , Elliott Andrew , Lopes Gilberto , Lou Emil , Soares Heloisa P. , Oberley Matthew James , Chauhan Aman 
Published: July 2024

3128 Background: The TEM8 receptor (coded by ANTXR1) plays several roles in oncogenesis. Novel oncolytic therapies, such as the SVV-01 virus, uniquely bind this protein in tumor histologies such as small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Emerging pre-clinical data suggest that TEM8-targeting therapies may convert immunologically “cold” tumor microenvironments (TME) into “hot” milieu with greater responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods: NextGen sequencing of DNA (592 genes or whole exome)/RNA (whole transcriptome) was performed on SCLC ( N=1404) submitted to Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, AZ). Mutations were defined as pathogenic SNVs/indels. ANTXR1H and ANTXR1L samples included those with >75th and <25th percentile expression, respectively. PD-L1 expression (22c3; Positive (+):TPS ³1%) was assessed by IHC. High tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) was defined as ≥10 mutations per MB. Cell infiltration in the TME was estimated by QuantiSEQ. Gene expression profiles were analyzed for transcriptional signatures predictive of response to immunotherapy (T cell-inflamed) and MAPK pathway activation score (MPAS). Real-world median overall survival (mOS) was assessed from insurance claims data, and Kaplan-Meier estimates were calculated for molecularly defined subpopulations of patients. Mann-Whitney U and X2/Fisher-Exact tests were applied where appropriate, with P-values adjusted for multiple comparisons ( p<0.05). Results: No pathogenic mutations were significantly associated with ANTXR1H vs L tumors ( p>0.05 for all), along with no differences in the prevalence of TMB-H (28.6% vs 36.3%, p=1) or PDL1+ (45.0%: vs 35.0%, p=1). However, a greater proportion of B cells (6.53 % vs 5.12%, p<0.001), M1 (1.63% vs 0.37%, p<0.001) and M2 macrophages (3.40% vs 1.50%, p<0.001) were observed in ANTXR1H TME, which were more frequently classified as T cell-inflamed compared to ANTXR1L TME (23% vs 5%, p<0.001). ANTXR1H tumors also had higher MPAS compared to ANTXR1L (1.36 vs -1.86 arbitrary units, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in mOS between ANTXR1H vs L tumors (12.2 vs 10.5 months, HR: 0.95, p=0.678). Conclusions: Increased B cell, M1 and M2 macrophage infiltrates, and increased prevalence of T-cell inflamed tumors in ANTXR1H TME suggest that these patients with SCLC may respond preferentially to ICI. A Phase 1 trial incorporating SVV-01 along with ICI is underway. Prospective investigation of molecular associations and clinical outcomes related to ANTXR1 expression in SCLC is warranted.