bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De la fabrique d'une génération à la fabrique de la reproduction
Authors: Mariette Audrey 
Published: April 2013

L’ouvrage de Christian Chevandier sur le « postier, militant et écrivain » Georges Valero (1937-1990) apporte un double éclairage sur les liens entre ouvriers et intellectuels. À un premier niveau, le matériau construit par l’historien au sujet de la trajectoire de cet employé resté toute sa vie entre deux mondes, documente les modalités d’échange entre les mondes ouvriers et intellectuels à propos de la génération des trentenaires en 1968. À un deuxième niveau, c’est en prenant en compte le parcours de Christian Chevandier lui-même (ancien établi) et sa relation au « biographé », que l’on peut aborder les rapports entre intellectuels engagés et ouvriers militants. Cet ouvrage (re)pose alors la question des logiques de clôture sociale qui mènent à la reproduction.
The validation of the turnover intention scale
Authors: Bothma Chris F.C. , Roodt Gert 
Published: April 2013

Orientation: Turnover intention as a construct has attracted increased research attention in the recent past, but there are seemingly not many valid and reliable scales around to measure turnover intention.Research purpose: This study focused on the validation of a shortened, six-item version of the turnover intention scale (TIS-6).Motivation for the study: The research question of whether the TIS-6 is a reliable and a valid scale for measuring turnover intention and for predicting actual turnover was addressed in this study.Research design, approach and method: The study was based on a census-based sample (n= 2429) of employees in an information, communication and technology (ICT) sector company (N= 23 134) where the TIS-6 was used as one of the criterion variables. The leavers (those who left the company) in this sample were compared with the stayers (those who remained in the employ of the company) in this sample in respect of different variables used in the study.Main findings: It was established that the TIS-6 could measure turnover intentions reliably (α= 0.80). The TIS-6 could significantly distinguish between leavers and stayers (actual turnover), thereby confirming its criterion-predictive validity. The scale also established statistically significant differences between leavers and stayers in respect of a number of the remaining theoretical variables used in the study, thereby also confirming its differential validity. These comparisons were conducted for both the 4-month and the 4-year period after the survey was conducted.Practical/managerial implications: Turnover intention is related to a number of variables in the study which necessitates a reappraisal and a reconceptualisation of existing turnover intention models.Contribution/value-add: The TIS-6 can be used as a reliable and valid scale to assess turnover intentions and can therefore be used in research to validly and reliably assess turnover intentions or to predict actual turnover.
Advanced Obstetrical and Gynecological Ultrasound: Imaging with New Technologies
Authors: Honemeyer Ulrich 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT
Since, ultrasound was introduced as diagnostic tool in obstetrics and gynecology by Professor Ian Donald 6 decades ago, realtime imaging has become the most common sonographic technique used in obstetrics and gynecology. When uncertain findings on real-time gray scale during two-dimensional sonography require further evaluation, advanced techniques are often necessary. Such advanced techniques include color and power Doppler, three- and four-dimensional ultrasound and techniques of volume manipulation (rendering), such as surface and maximum mode, magic cut, volume calculation (VOCAL), NICHE mode, and -as latest innovation, HD flow (Doppler) and HD life surface rendering. The authors would like to illustrate by means of a series of images and case presentations, how these new diagnostic tools find their clinical application in the daily routine of care in obstetrics and gynecology.

How to cite this article
Honemeyer U, Kurjak A. Advanced Obstetrical and Gynecological Ultrasound: Imaging with New Technologies. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):51-65.
Early Prediction of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome with the use of First Trimester Ultrasound Markers: Is it Possible?
Authors: Antsaklis Panagiotis , Antsaklis Aristides , Pergialiotis Vasileios , Papazefkos Vasileios 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Background
The incidence of multifetal gestation and particularly of twin pregnancy has raised as a result of the introduction of assisted reproduction techniques (ART). Twinto- twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication observed in monochorionic pregnancies producing severe morbidity and ultimately resulting in loss of one or all fetuses. We assessed the potential of early prediction of TTTS among three markers screened early in pregnancy [nuchal translucency (NT)] and its discrepancy and discordance, crown-rump length (CRL) and its discrepancy and discordance among twins and ductus venosus (DV) Doppler abnormalities.

Materials and methods
We conducted a systematic review searching Medline (1966-2011) and Scopus (2004-2011) engines, as well as reference lists from all included studies. Twelve studies were finally enrolled in the present review, including seven prospective studies, three prospective studies and one that could not be defined either as prospective or retrospective.

Conclusion
It seems that DV Doppler may denote this syndrome's possible future development and should be assessed early in monochorionic pregnancies. Further studies are definitely needed in order to evaluate the place of CRL and NT discrepancy and discordance in predicting TTTS.

How to cite this article
Antsaklis A, Pergialiotis V, Theodora M, Papazefkos V, Antsaklis P. Early Prediction of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome with the use of First Trimester Ultrasound Markers: Is it Possible? Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):66-72.
A Note on the Perturbation of Mixed Percolation on the Hierarchical Group
Authors: Shang Yilun 
Published: April 2013

We study mixed percolation on the hierarchical group of order N where each node is open with
probability 1-g, 0 ≤ g ≤ 1, and the probability of connection between two open nodes separated
by a distance k is of the form 1-exp(-αβ-k), α ≥ 0, and β > 0. The parameters α and γ are the
percolation parameters, while b describes the long-range nature of the model. In terms of parameters
α,β, and γ, we show some perturbation results for the percolation function θ(α,β, γ), which is the
probability of existing an infinite component containing a prescribed node.
Separation and Determination of Triclosan and Bisphenol A in Water, Beverage, and Urine Samples by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Combined with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis–UV Detection
Authors: Wang Huili , Zhang Aina , Wang Wenwei , Zhang Minghua , Liu Huanqiang , Wang Xuedong 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with capillary zone electrophoresis–UV detection was developed for analyzing triclosan (TCS) and bisphenol A (BPA) in water, beverage, and urine samples. The factors influencing microextraction efficiencies, such as the kind and volume of extraction and dispersive solvent, the extraction time, and the salt effect, were optimized. A background electrolyte composed of 8 mM sodium tetraborate at pH 9.8 was used as the running buffer. Detection was performed at 214 nm. Under the optimum conditions (sample volume, 5.0 mL; extraction solvent, tetrachloroethane, 22.0 μL; dispersive solvent, tetrahydrofuran, 1.0 mL; extraction time, fewer than 5 s; and without salt addition), the enrichment factors were 110.2 and 82.0 for TCS and BPA, respectively. The linear range was 0.02–2 μg/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9966–0.9969. LODs were in the range of 4.0–8.0 ng/mL. The environmental water, beverage, and urine samples (at spiking levels of 0.1 and 0.4 μg/mL) were successfully analyzed by the proposed method; the recoveries compared to previous methods were in the range of 81.2–103.3%. As a result, this method can be successfully applied for the rapid and convenient determination of TCS and BPA in water, beverage, and urine samples.
Sequential Injection Chromatography for Separation and Quantification of Chlorpromazine in Human Urine and Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Idris Abubakr M , Elgorashe Rafea E E 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Sequential injection chromatography (SIC) is a recent, simple, and inexpensive green miniaturized separation technique. In the current study, SIC was exploited for the first time for biochemical analysis. A new SIC method for the separation and quantification of chlorpromazine in human urine, as well as pharmaceutical formulations, was developed and validated. Clozapine was used as an internal standard. Chlorpromazine was successfully separated on a C18 monolithic column (25 × 4.6 mm id). The UV detection was carried out at 250 nm using miniaturized fiber optic spectrometric devices. The optimum mobile phase composition was 30 mmol/L phosphate– acetonitrile–methanol (55.0 + 31.5 + 13.5, v/v/v) at pH 3.0. The sample volume was 40 μL and flow rate was 40 μL/s. Acceptable chromatographic results were obtained. The resolution was 2.7, peak symmetry was 1.1, and number of theoretical plates was more than 1 × 106. Good linearity (r = 0.9997) in the range of 25–100 μg/mL was also obtained. The method offered acceptable recovery for both human urine (89.6–93.1%) and pharmaceutical formulations (96.9–98.5%), which was sensitive enough to detect chlorpromazine. The LOD and LOQ in human urine were 61 and 204 ng/mL, respectively. The method was rapid and reagent-saving, and hence safe for the environment. The sample throughput was 26.3 samples/h and the total volume of consumed reagents was 4.0 mL.
Reliability of Precision Data Obtained from Interlaboratory Studies
Authors: Uhlig Steffen , Eichler Stefanie , Gowik Petra 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Precision data, such as laboratory-to-laboratory SD (sL) and repeatability SD, obtained from interlaboratory tests are needed to assess analytical test methods. These precision data describing random error are subject to random variation. In order to avoid distorted assessments of test methods, interlaboratory tests must fulfill minimal requirements for achieving, e. g., a desired reliability in sL. In 2009, McClure and Lee considered reliability of sL as a characteristic of an interlaboratory study. They developed an approach to approximate that reliability to make it possible to adapt the study design of an interlaboratory study to a desired reliability in sL. The McClure and Lee approach introduces the "margin of relative error" to arrive at the magnitude of the uncertainty in sL. This article discusses their approach and presents a generalized approach. The limitations of McClure and Lee's approximation are shown to result in underestimation of the actual variability of sL due to the disregard of the inherent negative bias of sL. This bias corresponds to the fact that the expected value of the obtained sL lies below the true value σL one would obtain in an interlaboratory study with an infinite number of laboratories and replicates. In order to achieve the reported level of reliability in sL, the actual number of laboratories required is typically approximately 25% higher than that calculated by McClure and Lee. We present a generalized approach using "margins of relative random error," which takes the impact of the bias of the sL into account, resulting in a more realistic estimation of the variability of the precision parameter sL .
Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating Size-Indicating Size-Exclusion LC Method for the Determination of rhIFN-α2a in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Zimmermann Estevan Sonego , Magalhães da Silva Lucélia , Calegari Guilherme Zanini , Stamm Fernanda Pavani , Souto Ricardo Bizogne , Dalmora Sérgio Luiz 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
A size-exclusion LC method was validated for the determination of interferon-α2a (rhIFN-α2a) in pharmaceutical formulations without interference from human serum albumin. Chromatographic separation was performed on a BioSep-SEC-S 2000 column (300 × 7.8 mm id). The mobile phase consisted of 0.001 M monobasic potassium phosphate, 0.008 M sodium phosphate dibasic; 0.2 M sodium chloride buffer, pH 7.4, run at a gradient flow rate and using photodiode array detection at 214 nm, was used. Chromatographic separation was achieved with a retention time of 17.2 min, and the analysis was linear over the concentration range of 1.98 to 198 μg/mL (r2 = 0.9996). The accuracy was 101.39%, with bias lower than 1.67%. The LOD and LOQ were 0.87 and 1.98 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, method validation demonstrated acceptable results for precision and robustness. The method was applied to the assessment of rhIFN-α2a and related proteins in biopharmaceutical dosage forms, and the content/potencies were correlated to those given by a validated RP-LC method and an in vitro bioassay. It was concluded that use of the methods in conjunction allows a great improvement in monitoring stability and QC, thereby ensuring the therapeutic efficacy of the biotechnology-derived medicine.
Determination of Pyridoxine in Dietary Supplements by Liquid Chromatography with UV, Fluorescence, and Mass Spectrometric Detection: Single-Laboratory Validation
Authors: Goldschmidt Robert J , Wolf Wayne R 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
A single-laboratory validation was performed for a method that determines pyridoxine, one of the B6 vitamers, in dietary supplements using LC and UV, fluorescence, or MS detection. The method was adapted for use with either HPLC or ultra-performance LC (UPLC). Pyridoxine is extracted from samples using 0.1 M formic acid, and specific conditions are adjusted for each of the different types of supplement materials examined. Reversed-phase chromatography with C18-based columns is used in both HPLC and UPLC. Fluorescence detection, often used in chromatographic analyses of vitamin B6 in foods, was successfully used here, but offered no great advantages over UV detection in the supplement materials tested. MS detection was also satisfactory, although use of an internal standard was required. Accuracy of the method was demonstrated in several ways, including use of a standard reference material. Precision and repeatability of the method were found acceptable by analysis of variance and HorRat repeatability calculations.
Interlaboratory Study of Qualitative PCR Methods for Genetically Modified Maize Events MON810, Bt11, GA21, and CaMV P35S
Authors: Takabatake Reona , Takashima Kaori , Kurashima Takeyo , Mano Junichi , Furui Satoshi , Kitta Kazumi , Koiwa Tomohiro , Akiyama Hiroshi , Teshima Reiko , Futo Satoshi , Minegishi Yasutaka 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Qualitative PCR methods for the genetically modified (GM) maize events MON810, Bt11, and GA21, and the 35S promoter (P35S) region of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) were evaluated in an interlaboratory study. Real-time PCR-based quantitative methods for these GM events using the same primer pairs had already been validated in previous studies. Fifteen laboratories in Japan participated in this interlaboratory study. Each participant extracted DNA from blind samples, performed qualitative PCR assays, and then detected the PCR products with agarose gel electrophoresis. The specificity, sensitivity, and false-negative and false-positive rates of these methods were determined with different concentrations of GM mixing samples. LODs of these methods for MON810, Bt11, GA21, and the P35S segment calculated as the amount of MON810 were 0.2, 0.2, 0.1, and 0.2% or less, respectively, indicating that the LODs of MON810, Bt11, and P35S were lower than 10 copies, and the LOD of GA21 was lower than 25 copies of maize haploid genome. The current study demonstrated that the qualitative methods would be fit for the detection and identification of these GM maize events and the P35S segment.
VIDAS® Listeria species Xpress (LSX)
Authors: Johnson Ronald , Mills John 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The AOAC GovVal study compared the VIDAS®Listeria species Xpress (LSX) to the Health Products and Food Branch MFHPB-30 reference method for detection of Listeria on stainless steel. The LSX method utilizes a novel and proprietary enrichment media, Listeria Xpress broth, enabling detection of Listeria species in environmental samples with the automated VIDAS in a minimum of 26 h. The LSX method also includes the use of the chromogenic media, chromID™ Ottaviani Agosti Agar (OAA) and chromID™ Lmono for confirmation of LSX presumptive results. In previous AOAC validation studies comparing VIDAS LSX to the U. S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (FDA-BAM) and the U. S. Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) reference methods, the LSX method was approved as AOAC Official Method2010.02 for the detection of Listeria species in dairy products, vegetables, seafood, raw meats and poultry, and processed meats and poultry, and as AOAC Performance Tested Method 100501 in a variety of foods and on environmental surfaces. The GovVal comparative study included 20 replicate test portions each at two contamination levels for stainless steel where fractionally positive results (5–15 positive results/20 replicate portions tested) were obtained by at least one method at one level. Five uncontaminated controls were included. In the stainless steel artificially contaminated surface study, there were 25 confirmed positives by the VIDAS LSX assay and 22 confirmed positives by the standard culture methods. Chi-square analysis indicated no statistical differences between the VIDAS LSX method and the MFHPB-30 standard methods at the 5% level of significance. Confirmation of presumptive LSX results with the chromogenic OAA and Lmono media was shown to be equivalent to the appropriate reference method agars. The data in this study demonstrate that the VIDAS LSX method is an acceptable alternative method to the MFHPB-30 standard culture method for the detection of Listeria species on stainless steel.
Le territoire de l’âme, l’écriture, la matière. Politique de la parole de Pierre Perrault
Authors: Giroux Dalie 
Published: April 2013

À partir de la formule de Pierre Perrault selon laquelle « La fiction filme ce qui est raconté. Le documentaire raconte ce qui est filmé », cet essai propose, dans le prolongement de l’interprétation qu’en a fait Gilles Deleuze, une exégèse de la pensée politique de Pierre Perrault. Dans un premier temps, « Relation (le territoire de l’âme) », il s’agit de définir les notions d’amitié et de mémoire qui constituent les principes fondateurs de l’approche cinématographique de Pierre Perrault. Dans un deuxième temps, « Représentation (l’écriture) », il s’agit de systématiser la théorie de la représentation qui sous-tend ces principes. Cela permettra dans un troisième temps, « Conjuration (la matière) », de montrer que cette théorie implique le maintien de la parole comme instance de conspiration, comme passion irréductible pour l’indépendance et comme expression d’une relation vivante à la terre. Au terme de ce portrait, l’héritage intellectuel de Perrault qui est mis en valeur est celui d’un matérialisme libertaire.
Tumour Necrosis Factors
Authors: Neumann Simon , Scheurich Peter , Maier Olaf 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

The cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is the name‐giving member of a large ligand family mirrored by a respective family of membrane receptors. Most ligand members show a typical homotrimeric structure and exert their bioactivities as regulators of the innate and the adaptive immune system. TNF itself is a major activator of proinflammatory responses regulating natural immunity. TNF occurs both in a membrane bound form and a soluble form, both binding but differentially activating two distinct membrane receptors. TNFR1 is expressed in virtually all tissues. TNFR2 is mainly found in immune cells and also the endothelium and neuronal tissue. Both receptors activate distinct intracellular signalling pathways showing some overlap. TNFR1 initiates stimulatory and antiapoptotic signals as well as apoptotic and additional death‐inducing signals in a highly regulated manner, TNFR2 mainly activates cell proliferation and antiapoptotic signalling pathways.

Key Concepts:

The family of TNF ligands and receptors coordinates the complex network of immune responses.

The typical TNF ligand member is a homotrimer capable to bind up to three of its respective receptors.

TNF receptors possess no enzymatic activity; activation occurs via recruitment of adaptor molecules after ligand‐induced multimerisation.

Most TNF receptor family members are linked to the transcription factor family of nuclear factors of kappaB (NF‐κB).

Cells possess altruistic cell death programmes like apoptosis and necroptosis, which control each other.

Some members of the TNF receptor superfamily carry a so‐called death domain and can induce apoptosis (and/or necroptosis).

Owing to its powerful proinflammatory properties, TNF is involved in progression of many autoimmune diseases and is a major target of current clinical treatment regimens.
Silicon Micro‐ and Nanofabrication for Medicine
Authors: Fine Daniel , Grattoni Alessandro , Goodall Randy , Bansal Shyam S. , Chiappini Ciro , Hosali Sharath , van de Ven Anne L. , Srinivasan Srimeenkashi , Liu Xuewu , Godin Biana , Brousseau Louis , Yazdi Iman K. , Fernandez‐Moure Joseph , Tasciotti Ennio , Wu Hung‐Jen , Hu Ye , Klemm Steve , Ferrari Mauro 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis manuscript constitutes a review of several innovative biomedical technologies fabricated using the precision and accuracy of silicon micro‐ and nanofabrication. The technologies to be reviewed are subcutaneous nanochannel drug delivery implants for the continuous tunable zero‐order release of therapeutics, multi‐stage logic embedded vectors for the targeted systemic distribution of both therapeutic and imaging contrast agents, silicon and porous silicon nanowires for investigating cellular interactions and processes as well as for molecular and drug delivery applications, porous silicon (pSi) as inclusions into biocomposites for tissue engineering, especially as it applies to bone repair and regrowth, and porous silica chips for proteomic profiling. In the case of the biocomposites, the specifically designed pSi inclusions not only add to the structural robustness, but can also promote tissue and bone regrowth, fight infection, and reduce pain by releasing stimulating factors and other therapeutic agents stored within their porous network. The common material thread throughout all of these constructs, silicon and its associated dielectrics (silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, etc.), can be precisely and accurately machined using the same scalable micro‐ and nanofabrication protocols that are ubiquitous within the semiconductor industry. These techniques lend themselves to the high throughput production of exquisitely defined and monodispersed nanoscale features that should eliminate architectural randomness as a source of experimental variation thereby potentially leading to more rapid clinical translation.