bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IonNeurONet – Deutsches Netzwerk für neurologische und ophthalmologische Ionenkanalerkrankungen
Authors: Zurek B. , Graessner H. , Lerche H. 
Published: December 2013

Zusammenfassung
IonNeurONet ist ein vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) gefördertes Verbundforschungsprojekt der Universitäten Tübingen und Ulm sowie der CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, mit dem Ziel, die Erkrankungsmechanismen seltener neurologischer und ophthalmologischer Ionenkanalerkrankungen aufzuklären, die als Basis für die Entwicklung neuer Therapien dienen können. Der Aufbau eines klinischen Netzwerks soll die nationale Versorgung für diese seltenen und oftmals unerkannten Erkrankungen bereitstellen. Ein auf Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) basierends schnelles und effizientes genetisches Diagnostikwerkzeug wurde bereits entwickelt. Es wird fortlaufend durch neue Krankheitsgene, die mittels Exomsequenzierung identifiziert wurden, ergänzt. Weitere Teilprojekte beschäftigen sich mit detaillierten funktionellen physiologischen Studien in heterologen Expressionssystemen sowie in Muskel- und Nervenzellen. Das Projekt etabliert Plattformen für genetische und bioinformatische Analysen, automatisierte und detaillierte funktionelle Studien, intrazellulären Transport von Membranproteinen und induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen.
The evolution of a stratified turbulent cloud
Authors: Maffioli Andrea , Davidson P. A. , Dalziel S. B. , Swaminathan N. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractLocalized regions of turbulence, or turbulent clouds, in a stratified fluid are the subject of this study, which focuses on the edge dynamics occurring between the turbulence and the surrounding quiescent region. Through laboratory experiments and numerical simulations of stratified turbulent clouds, we confirm that the edge dynamics can be subdivided into materially driven intrusions and horizontally travelling internal wave-packets. Three-dimensional visualizations show that the internal gravity wave-packets are in fact large-scale pancake structures that grow out of the turbulent cloud into the adjacent quiescent region. The wave-packets were tracked in time, and it is found that their speed obeys the group speed relation for linear internal gravity waves. The energetics of the propagating waves, which include waveforms that are inclined with respect to the horizontal, are also considered and it is found that, after a period of two eddy turnover times, the internal gravity waves carry up to 16 % of the cloud kinetic energy into the initially quiescent region. Turbulent events in nature are often in the form of decaying turbulent clouds, and it is therefore suggested that internal gravity waves radiated from an initial cloud could play a significant role in the reorganization of energy and momentum in the atmosphere and oceans.
Theoretical study of the generation of soap films: role of interfacial visco-elasticity
Authors: Seiwert Jacopo , Dollet Benjamin , Cantat Isabelle 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn this work, we study theoretically the thickness of a liquid film (typically made of a surfactant solution) pulled out of a bath at constant speed in the absence of gravity, when it features a viscous or an elastic interfacial rheology. We show that a purely viscous rheology does not lead to the extraction of a steady state film of constant thickness. In contrast, the thickness of the film is well defined in the elastic case, which allows us to compute it. This thickness depends on the capillary number of the experiment, and on the elasticity of the interface. It is always lower than or equal to that obtained for an incompressible interface predicted by Frankel (Mysels, Shinoda and Frankel, Soap Films: Studies of their Thinning and a Bibliography, 1959), which is recovered in the limit of an arbitrary large elasticity.
(STRONGLY) GORENSTEIN FLAT MODULES OVER GROUP RINGS
Authors: BAHLEKEH ABDOLNASER 
Published: December 2013

AbstractLet $\Gamma $ be a group and ${\Gamma }^{\prime } $ be a subgroup of $\Gamma $ of finite index. Let $M$ be a $\Gamma $-module. It is shown that $M$ is (strongly) Gorenstein flat if and only if it is (strongly) Gorenstein flat as a ${\Gamma }^{\prime } $-module. We also provide some criteria in which the classes of Gorenstein projective and strongly Gorenstein flat $\Gamma $-modules are the same.
Absence of growth ofListeria monocytogenesin naturally contaminated Cheddar cheese
Authors: Dalmasso Marion , Jordan Kieran 
Published: December 2013

Each cheese producer is responsible by the legislation for the number ofListeria monocytogenesin cheese and is required to prove that numbers will not exceed 100 cfu/g throughout the shelf-life of the cheese. Even in the case of hard-cheese such as Cheddar cheese, the absence of growth ofList. monocytogenesduring ripening has to be demonstrated to comply with EU legislation. Studies dedicated to assessingList. monocytogenesgrowth throughout cheese shelf-life are generally based on artificially contaminated cheeses. Contrary to the majority of works, the current study focused on the growth ofList. monocytogenesin naturally contaminated raw milk farmhouse Cheddar cheeses during a five-month ripening period.List. monocytogenesgrowth was assessed by direct count and its presence was detected by enrichment in two naturally contaminated cheese batches. In order to track routes of contamination, 199 processing environment samples from inside and outside the processing facility were taken, and their analysis for the presence ofList. monocytogeneswas performed on four occasions over a 9-month period.List. monocytogenesisolates were differentiated using PFGE and serotyping.List. monocytogenesnever exceeded 20 cfu/g in the cheeses and could not be detected after five months of ripening. Eleven pulsotypes were identified. One pulsotype was found in the yard outside the processing facility, in a vat, on the processing area floor and in a cheese. This indicated that the outside environment constitutes a potential source of contamination of the processing environment and of the cheese. These results demonstrate that this farmhouse Cheddar cheese does not supportList. monocytogenesgrowth and suggests that the efforts to reduce processing environment contamination are worthwhile.
Trichodina heterodentata(Ciliophora) infestation onProchilodus lineatuslarvae: a host–parasite relationship study
Authors: VALLADÃO GUSTAVO MORAES RAMOS , GALLANI SÍLVIA UMEDA , DE PÁDUA SANTIAGO BENITES , MARTINS MAURÍCIO LATERÇA , PILARSKI FABIANA 
Published: December 2013

SUMMARYProchilodus lineatusis a freshwater fish species found in South America. It is common in aquaculture, but few studies regarding diseases of this fish have been performed. This study presents data of the occurrence ofTrichodina heterodentataDuncan, 1977, as well as the pathological alterations detected by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Twenty 20-day-old larvae were harvested from an earth pond and examined. Larvae showed erratic swimming on the pond edges and some had a whitish tegument. Larval smears were either impregnated with silver nitrate or stained with Giemsa stain to observe the taxonomic features of the ciliates. Five larvae were fixed in formalin solution for histopathological analysis, and another five specimens were fixed in glutaraldehyde for SEM. All larvae were diagnosed with a severe infestation by trichodinidT. heterodentata. Histological sections showed discrete hyperplasia of the gill filaments with subepithelial oedema of the secondary lamellae. In the SEM, suction areas were observed on the skin, gill and eye; corrosion and ulceration of the fins were associated with the bacterial presence of cocci on the lesions. This is the first report ofT. heterodentatainP. lineatusthat is responsible for an acute disease that culminates in larval mortality.
Keeping Up! Older Workers’ Adaptation in the Workplace after Age 55
Authors: Ng Eddy S. W. , Law Alan 
Published: December 2013

RÉSUMÉComment les travailleurs âgés, après l’âge de 55 ans, peuvent-ils se maintenir et s’adapter à un milieu de travail en évolution? En explorant cette question, cette étude a examiné précisément comment les changements liés à l’âge touchent aux travailleurs, comment les travailleurs âgés font face à une perte de ressources, comment ils s’engagent dans la gestion de leur vie, et pourquoi certains parmi eux réussissent plus que d’autres. Une analyse profondie a été réalisée en utilisant 32 entretiens semi-directifs menés avec les travailleurs âgés de 55 a 64 ans. Une analyse profondie a été réalisée en utilisant 32 entretiens semi-directifs menés avec les travailleurs âgés de 55 a 64 ans. Nos conclusions suggèrent que les travailleurs les plus vieux utilisent diverses stratégies pour s’adapter à un changement de ressources, et que ces stratégies les aident à se débrouiller et maintenir leur fonctionnement dans leur milieu de travail. Comme les plus vieux travailleurs exigent des types différents de soutien d’employeur, notre étude fournit une compréhension de comment les employeurs peuvent fournir ce soutien pour encourager de plus vieux travailleurs pour rester dans la main-d’oeuvre plus longue. Nous suggérons aussi plusieurs avenues pour la recherche future, y compris explorer le rôle de sources internes de soutien.
Ensuring the Success of Interprofessional Teams: Key Lessons Learned in Memory Clinics
Authors: Lee Linda , Hillier Loretta M. , Weston W. Wayne 
Published: December 2013

RÉSUMÉCliniques de mémoire en soins de santé primaires suscitent un intérêt croissant, car elles offrent la possibilité d’améliorer le diagnostic et le traitement de la démence. En Ontario, plus de 30 établissements de soins primaires ont participé à un programme de formation visant à aider les participants à établir une clinique de mémoire indépendante dans leur milieu de pratique. Cet article présente les principales leçons acquises dans la mise en oeuvre de ces cliniques sur la base d’une étude qui a utilisé une méthodologie d’entrevue avec les membres des équipes de cliniques de mémoire et a identifié les facteurs favorables, les défis et les recommandations pour la soutenabilité. L’accès à la formation qui facilite le transfert des connaissances et soutient les changements dans la pratique, la collaboration interprofessionnelle, et le soutien de l’infrastructure en cours était d’une importance capitale. Des suggestions pour la mise en place de cliniques et de renforcement des capacités continues ont été identifiés. Les leçons apprises sont applicables à la mise en oeuvre d’autres modèles de prise en charge des maladies chroniques dont le but est la gestion des soins de santé primaires de maladies chroniques complexes.
The developmental psychopathology of irritability
Authors: Leibenluft Ellen , Stoddard Joel 
Published: December 2013

AbstractChronic, severe irritability is common in childhood and is very impairing. Furthermore, childhood irritability predicts suicidality, social impairment, and depressive and anxiety disorders in adulthood. Focusing on both normative and pathologic development, we review the construct of irritability from its origins in aggression and disruptive behavior research to its contemporary relevance for affective psychopathology. We then describe two broad neurocognitive systems that show promise in differentiating irritable from nonirritable youths: aberrant processing of emotional stimuli and impaired context-sensitive regulation. We suggest behavioral, neurocognitive, and physiologic measures that may aid in studying severe irritability and assessing its therapeutics. Finally, we argue for therapeutic trials targeting severe irritability that address emotional aspects of irritability in addition to the associated disruptive behavior.
Comorbidities and continuities as ontogenic processes: Toward a developmental spectrum model of externalizing psychopathology
Authors: Beauchaine Theodore P. , McNulty Tiffany 
Published: December 2013

AbstractResearch on child and adolescent mental health problems has burgeoned since the inaugural issue ofDevelopment and Psychopathologywas published in 1989. In the quarter century since, static models of psychopathology have been abandoned in favor of transactional models, following the agenda set by editor Dante Cicchetti and other proponents of the discipline. The transactional approach, which has been applied to autism, depression, self-injury, and delinquency, (a) specifies vulnerabilities and risk factors across multiple levels of analysis spanning genes to cultures, (b) identifies multifinal and equifinal pathways to psychopathology, and (c) transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. However, as noted by Rutter and Sroufe (2000), specific mechanisms of continuity, discontinuity, and comorbidity of psychopathology must be identified if we wish to understand etiology fully. In this article, we present a model of early-onset externalizing behavior in which comorbidities and continuities are viewed as ontogenic processes: products of complex longitudinal transactions between interdependent individual-level vulnerabilities (e.g., genetic, epigenetic, allostatic) and equally interdependent contextual risk factors (e.g., coercive parenting, deviant peer group affiliations, neighborhood criminality). Through interactions across levels of analysis, some individuals traverse along the externalizing spectrum, beginning with heritable trait impulsivity in preschool and ending in antisociality in adulthood. In describing our model, we note that (a) the approach outlined in the DSM to subtyping externalizing disorders continues to obscure developmental pathways to antisociality, (b) molecular genetics studies will likelynotidentify meaningful subtypes of externalizing disorder, and (c) ontogenic trait approaches to psychopathology are much more likely to advance the discipline in upcoming years.
Developmental mechanisms in the prodrome to psychosis
Authors: Walker Elaine F. , Trotman Hanan D. , Goulding Sandra M. , Holtzman Carrie W. , Ryan Arthur T. , McDonald Allison , Shapiro Daniel I. , Brasfield Joy L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPsychotic disorders continue to be among the most disabling and scientifically challenging of all mental illnesses. Accumulating research findings suggest that the etiologic processes underlying the development of these disorders are more complex than had previously been assumed. At the same time, this complexity has revealed a wider range of potential options for preventive intervention, both psychosocial and biological. In part, these opportunities result from our increased understanding of the dynamic and multifaceted nature of the neurodevelopmental mechanisms involved in the disease process, as well as the evidence that many of these entail processes that are malleable. In this article, we review the burgeoning research literature on the prodrome to psychosis, based on studies of individuals who meet clinical high risk criteria. This literature has examined a range of factors, including cognitive, genetic, psychosocial, and neurobiological. We then turn to a discussion of some contemporary models of the etiology of psychosis that emphasize the prodromal period. These models encompass the origins of vulnerability in fetal development, as well as postnatal stress, the immune response, and neuromaturational processes in adolescent brain development that appear to go awry during the prodrome to psychosis. Then, informed by these neurodevelopmental models of etiology, we turn to the application of new research paradigms that will address critical issues in future investigations. It is expected that these studies will play a major role in setting the stage for clinical trials aimed at preventive intervention.
Relational interventions for child maltreatment: Past, present, and future perspectives
Authors: Toth Sheree L. , Gravener-Davis Julie A. , Guild Danielle J. , Cicchetti Dante 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIt is well established that child maltreatment has significant deleterious effects for the individual as well as for society. We briefly review research regarding the impact of child maltreatment on the attachment relationship, highlighting the need for relational interventions for maltreated children and their families to effectively thwart negative developmental cascades that are so often observed in the context of child maltreatment. Next, historical and contemporaneous perspectives on relational interventions for individuals with histories of child maltreatment are discussed, with attention to the empirical evidence for and the current evidence-based status of several relationally based interventions for child maltreatment. Differential sensitivity to the environment is then discussed as a theoretical framework with important implications for interventions for individuals who have been reared in maltreating environments. Current research on neurobiology and maltreatment is then reviewed, with an emphasis on the need for future investigations on genetic variants, epigenetics, and the efficacy of relational interventions for maltreated children. We conclude with a discussion of the tenets of developmental psychopathology, their implications for relational interventions for child maltreatment, and recommendations for advancing the development, provision, and evaluation of relational interventions for individuals with histories of child maltreatment.
Childhood exposure to violence and lifelong health: Clinical intervention science and stress-biology research join forces
Authors: Moffitt Terrie E. ,   The Klaus-Grawe 2012 Think Tank
Published: December 2013

AbstractMany young people who are mistreated by an adult, victimized by bullies, criminally assaulted, or who witness domestic violence react to this violence exposure by developing behavioral, emotional, or learning problems. What is less well known is that adverse experiences like violence exposure can lead to hidden physical alterations inside a child's body, alterations that may have adverse effects on life-long health. We discuss why this is important for the field of developmental psychopathology and for society, and we recommend that stress-biology research and intervention science join forces to tackle the problem. We examine the evidence base in relation to stress-sensitive measures for the body (inflammatory reactions, telomere erosion, epigenetic methylation, and gene expression) and brain (mental disorders, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological testing). We also review promising interventions for families, couples, and children that have been designed to reduce the effects of childhood violence exposure. We invite intervention scientists and stress-biology researchers to collaborate in adding stress-biology measures to randomized clinical trials of interventions intended to reduce effects of violence exposure and other traumas on young people.
Itinerant magnetism in doped semiconducting β-FeSi2 and CrSi2
Authors: Singh David J. , Parker David 
Published: December 2013

AbstractNovel or unusual magnetism is a subject of considerable interest, particularly in metals and degenerate semiconductors. In such materials the interplay of magnetism, transport and other Fermi liquid properties can lead to fascinating physical behavior. One example is in magnetic semiconductors, where spin polarized currents may be controlled and used. We report density functional calculations predicting magnetism in doped semiconducting β-FeSi2 and CrSi2 at relatively low doping levels particularly for n-type. In this case, there is a rapid cross-over to a half-metallic state as a function of doping level. The results are discussed in relation to the electronic structure and other properties of these compounds.
Constraints and potentials of future irrigation water availability on agricultural production under climate change
Authors: Elliott Joshua , Deryng Delphine , Müller Christoph , Frieler Katja , Konzmann Markus , Gerten Dieter , Glotter Michael , Flörke Martina , Wada Yoshihide , Best Neil , Eisner Stephanie , Fekete Balázs M. , Folberth Christian , Foster Ian , Gosling Simon N. , Haddeland Ingjerd , Khabarov Nikolay , Ludwig Fulco , Masaki Yoshimitsu , Olin Stefan , Rosenzweig Cynthia , Ruane Alex C. , Satoh Yusuke , Schmid Erwin , Stacke Tobias , Tang Qiuhong , Wisser Dominik 
Published: December 2013

Significance
Freshwater availability is relevant to almost all socioeconomic and environmental impacts of climate and demographic change and their implications for sustainability. We compare ensembles of water supply and demand projections driven by ensemble output from five global climate models. Our results suggest reasons for concern. Direct climate impacts to maize, soybean, wheat, and rice involve losses of 400–2,600 Pcal (8–43% of present-day total). Freshwater limitations in some heavily irrigated regions could necessitate reversion of 20–60 Mha of cropland from irrigated to rainfed management, and a further loss of 600–2,900 Pcal. Freshwater abundance in other regions could help ameliorate these losses, but substantial investment in infrastructure would be required.
Biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems
Authors: Herrero Mario , Havlík Petr , Valin Hugo , Notenbaert An , Rufino Mariana C. , Thornton Philip K. , Blümmel Michael , Weiss Franz , Grace Delia , Obersteiner Michael 
Published: December 2013

Significance
This report is unique in presenting a high-resolution dataset of biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions by global livestock. This information will allow the global-change research community in enhancing our understanding of the sustainability of livestock systems and their role in food security, livelihoods and environmental sustainability.
Earliest evidence for commensal processes of cat domestication
Authors: Hu Yaowu , Hu Songmei , Wang Weilin , Wu Xiaohong , Marshall Fiona B. , Chen Xianglong , Hou Liangliang , Wang Changsui 
Published: December 2013

Significance
Domestic cats are one of the most popular pets worldwide, but little is known about their domestication. This study of cats living 5,300 y ago at the agricultural village of Quanhucun, China provides the earliest known evidence for mutualistic relationships between people and cats. Isotopic data demonstrate that humans, rodents, and the cats ate substantial amounts of millet-based foods, with cats preying on grain-eating animals. One cat was old and one ate less meat and more millet than others, suggesting it scavenged leftovers or was fed. Diverse data demonstrate rodent threats to stored grain, indicating cats were advantageous to farmers, whereas food in villages was attractive to cats. These findings provide evidence for commensal processes of cat domestication.
Altered inactivation of commensal LPS due to acyloxyacyl hydrolase deficiency in colonic dendritic cells impairs mucosal Th17 immunity
Authors: Janelsins Brian M. , Lu Mingfang , Datta Sandip K. 
Published: December 2013

SignificanceTh17 cells are a subset of T cells that secrete the cytokine IL-17 and play a role in mucosal immunity. LPS is a bacterial product that can influence the development of Th17 responses. We find that acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), a mammalian enzyme that inactivates LPS, is uniquely expressed in a subset of colonic dendritic cells and acts to maintain dendritic cell responsiveness to LPS expressed by commensal bacteria. This dendritic cell responsiveness is required to promote Th17 responses. These data identify the ability of AOAH to modulate microbial signals that influence mucosal T cell immunity, and suggest that host pathways to handle microbial products may be targeted to modulate Th17 responses in the context of inflammation or infection at mucosal surfaces.