bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey: How Periodontists and Other Dental Professionals View the Scope of Periodontics
Authors: Chang Peter K. , Hall Joshua , Finkelman Matthew , Park Angel , Levi Paul A. 
Published: February 2014

Background: How do periodontists think of themselves when they define their practices? How do other dental professionals view the scope of the specialty of periodontology? A strong component of periodontal residency programs is extracting teeth and preserving or building bony ridges for the eventual placement of implants. Has the discipline of periodontology moved away from retaining and treating the natural dentition? By the use of a rank‐order survey, the practice of periodontology was defined by periodontists and other dental professionals.Methods: In a pilot study, respondents were asked to list the answers to the question, “What is a periodontist?” The results were consolidated into eight statements. The eight statements were placed into an anonymous rank‐order survey, and more than 1,200 responses were returned. The responses primarily came from periodontists, hygienists, general practitioners, dental students, and dental hygiene students.Results: “Periodontists surgically treat advanced gum and bone infection problems” was considered the most important statement in all of the cohorts. The least important statement considered by all was, “Periodontists are educators promoting health.” Non‐periodontist dentists (NPDs) ranked the statement, “Periodontists perform dental implants and related procedures” less importantly (P <0.001) than the periodontists. The non‐periodontist cohort (NPC), which includes NPDs and dental hygienists, ranked the statement, “Periodontists’ treatments help general dentists and other specialists increase successful therapeutic outcomes” as second most important.Conclusions: The results of this survey indicate that periodontists ranked the placement of implants and their related procedures higher than the NPC. NPDs appear to value periodontists in treating the natural dentition for their patients. The NPC appreciates that periodontal therapy done by periodontists increases their therapeutic success for their patients.
The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Vascular Complications and Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Blomster Juuso I. , Zoungas Sophia , Chalmers John , Li Qiang , Chow Clara K. , Woodward Mark , Mancia Giuseppe , Poulter Neil , Williams Bryan , Harrap Stephen , Neal Bruce , Patel Anushka , Hillis Graham S. 
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVE
Moderate alcohol consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of mortality and coronary artery disease. The relationship between cardiovascular health and alcohol use in type 2 diabetes is less clear. The current study assesses the effects of alcohol use among participants in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The effects of alcohol use were explored using Cox regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. The study end points were cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke), microvascular complications (new or worsening nephropathy or retinopathy), and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS
During a median of 5 years of follow-up, 1,031 (9%) patients died, 1,147 (10%) experienced a cardiovascular event, and 1,136 (10%) experienced a microvascular complication. Compared with patients who reported no alcohol consumption, those who reported moderate consumption had fewer cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.83; 95% CI 0.72–0.95; P = 0.008), less microvascular complications (aHR 0.85; 95% CI 0.73–0.99; P = 0.03), and lower all-cause mortality (aHR 0.87; 96% CI 0.75–1.00; P = 0.05). The benefits were particularly evident in participants who drank predominantly wine (cardiovascular events aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63–0.95, P = 0.01; all-cause mortality aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62–0.95, P = 0.02). Compared with patients who reported no alcohol consumption, those who reported heavy consumption had dose-dependent higher risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with type 2 diabetes, moderate alcohol use, particularly wine consumption, is associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.
Fast signal analysis in Rotating-Polarization CARS microscopy
Authors: de Vito Giuseppe , Piazza Vincenzo 
Published: February 2014

AbstractRotating Polarization Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (RP-CARS) is a novel approach to CARS microscopy that takes advantage of polarizationdependent selection rules in order to gain information about molecule orientation anisotropy and direction within the optical point spread function. However, in the original implementation of this technique, the lockin amplifier-based acquisition was quite time demanding. Here we present a new software-based approach that permits a great speed-up in the RP-CARS images acquisition process.
2013 JOSPT Award Recipients Highlight the Need to Leverage Patient Expectations and Prevent Second Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Authors: Simoneau Guy G. 
Published: February 2014

During the American Physical Therapy Association's Combined Sections Meeting in Las Vegas, Nevada in February 2014, JOSPT recognized the authors of the most outstanding research and clinical practice manuscripts published in JOSPT during the 2013 calendar year. The 2013 JOSPT Excellence in Research Award was presented to Mark D. Bishop, Joel E. Bialosky, Paul Mintken, PT, DPT, and Joshua A. Cleland, PT, PhD for their paper titled “Patient Expectations of Benefit From Interventions for Neck Pain and Resulting Influence on Outcomes.” The 2013 George J. Davies—James A. Gould Excellence in Clinical Inquiry Award was presented to Stephanie Di Stasi, Gregory D. Myer, and Timothy E. Hewett for their work titled “Neuromuscular Training to Target Deficits Associated With Second Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.” J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(3):138–139. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.0104
Safe Patient Handling Perceptions and Practices: A Survey of Acute Care Physical Therapists
Authors: Olkowski Brian F. , Stolfi Angela M. 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundAcute care physical therapists are at risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to manual patient handling. Safe patient handling (SPH) reduces WMSDs caused by manual handling.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe the patient handling practices of acute care physical therapists and their perceptions regarding SPH. Additionally, this study determined whether an SPH program influences the patient handling practices and perceptions regarding SPH of acute care physical therapists.MethodsSubscribers to the electronic discussion board of American Physical Therapy Association's Acute Care Section were invited to complete a survey questionnaire.ResultsThe majority of respondents used SPH equipment and practices (91.1%), were confident using SPH equipment and practices (93.8%), agreed that evidence supports the use of SPH equipment and practices (87.0%), and reported the use of SPH equipment and practices is feasible (92.2%). Respondents at a facility with an SPH program were more likely to use SPH equipment and practices, have received training in the use of SPH equipment and practices, agree that the use of SPH equipment and practices is feasible, and feel confident using SPH equipment and practices.LimitationsThe study might not reflect the perceptions and practices of the population of acute care physical therapists.ConclusionAcute care physical therapists are trained to use SPH equipment and practices, use SPH equipment and practices, and have positive perceptions regarding SPH. Acute care physical therapists in a facility with an SPH program are more likely to use SPH equipment and practices, receive training in SPH equipment and practices, and have positive perceptions regarding SPH. Quasi-regulatory organizations should incorporate SPH programs into their evaluative standards.
Prospective natural history study of central nervous system hemangioblastomas in von Hippel-Lindau disease
Authors: Lonser Russell R. , Butman John A. , Huntoon Kristin , Asthagiri Ashok R. , Wu Tianxia , Bakhtian Kamran D. , Chew Emily Y. , Zhuang Zhengping , Linehan W. Marston , Oldfield Edward H. 
Published: February 2014

Object
The tumors most frequently associated with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease are hemangioblastomas. While they are associated with significant neurological impairment and mortality, their natural history and optimal management have not been fully defined.

Methods
Patients with VHL were enrolled in a prospective study designed to define the natural history of CNS hemangioblastomas. In the present analysis, serial imaging, laboratory, genetic, and clinical data were evaluated in those with at least 2 years of follow-up data.

Results
At study entrance 225 patients (111 males, 114 females) harbored 1921 CNS hemangioblastomas in the supratentorial compartment (21 tumors [1%]), cerebellum (865 [45%]), brainstem (129 [7%]), spinal cord (689 [36%]), cauda equina (212 [11%]), and nerve roots (5 [0.3%]; follow-up 15,819 hemangioblastoma-years). Increased tumor burden was associated with partial deletions in the VHL gene (p = 0.005) and male sex (p = 0.002). Hemangioblastoma development (median 0.3 new tumors/year) was associated with younger age (p < 0.0001) and more tumors at study entrance (p < 0.0001). While 1278 hemangioblastomas (51%) did not grow, 1227 hemangioblastomas (49%) grew in a saltatory (886 [72%]), linear (76 [6%]), or exponential (264 [22%]) pattern. Faster tumor growth was associated with male sex (p = 0.001), symptomatic tumors (p < 0.0001), and tumors associated with cysts (p < 0.0001). Location-dependent tumor size was the primary predictor of eventual symptom formation (159 symptomatic tumors [6.3%]; area under the curve > 0.9).

Conclusions
Central nervous system hemangioblastoma burden in VHL is associated with partial germline deletions and male sex. Unpredictable growth of hemangioblastomas compromises assessment of nonsurgical therapies. The judicious treatment of symptom-producing hemangioblastomas, while avoiding unnecessary treatment of asymptomatic tumors that may not progress, can provide clinical stability. Clinical trial registration no.: NCT00005902 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Periacetabular bone metabolism following hip revision surgery
Authors: Kotzerke J. , Hofheinz F. , Zessin J. , Stiehler M. , Günther K.-P. , Bernstein P. , Beuthien-Baumann B. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryThe treatment of loosened total hip replacement (THR) acetabular components may require the management of severe bone defects. Although being applied for decades, there is only limited scientific data about the osteointegration of cancellous bone allografts (CBA) and other void fillers. Monitoring of periprosthetic bone regeneration could possibly help to optimize this process thereby reducing late failure rates. The aim of this study was to show osteometabolic changes in periprosthetic CBA after THR revision with the use of sodium-[18F]-fluoride (NaF) and positron emission tomography (PET). Patients, methods: Twelve patients undergoing THR revision with the use of CBA were prospectively enrolled in the study. Nine patients completed all necessary examinations and were included in the evaluation. The temporal pattern of osteointegration was assessed via NaF-PET at one (PET1) and six weeks (PET2) after surgery. CBA, tantalum implants, supraacetabular regions ipsilateral and contralateral, and parasymphyseal pubic bones were delineated as volumes of interest (VOI) in postop CT scans, which were then merged with the PET data. Results: In comparison to the contralateral supraacetabular reference bone, a significant 1.5-fold increase of osteometabolic activity from PET1 to PET2 was seen in the CBA region. Also, the ipsilateral supraacetabular host bone showed a higher NaF-in- flux in week 6, compared to the first postoperative week. The supraacetabular site exhibited a significantly 1.8- to 2-fold higher influx and uptake than bone regions in non-operated sites. Tantalum implants had a low NaF influx at both time points investigated. Conclusion: Using NaF-PET osteometabolic changes of CBA and implant- bone-interfaces can be monitored. Applying this method we demonstrated early periprosthetic temporal bone regeneration patterns in THR cup revision patients.
Opera: Use of Pegylated Interferon plus Ribavirin for Treating HCV–HIV Coinfection in Interferon-Naive Patients
Authors: Carosi Giampiero , Bruno Raffaele , Cariti Giuseppe , Nasta Paola , Gulminetti Roberto , Galli Massimo , Angarano Gioacchino , Verucchi Gabriella , Pontali Emanuele , Capetti Amedeo , Raise Enzo , Ravasio Veronica , Maida Ivana , Iannacone Claudio , Caputo Antonietta , Puoti Massimo 
Published: February 2014

Background The Optimized Pegylated interferons Efficacy and anti-Retroviral Approach (OPERA) study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety profile of treatment with pegylated interferons (PEG-IFNs) in interferon-naive patients with chronic HCV and HIV infection in routine clinical practice. Methods This was a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study conducted at 98 Italian referral centres for the treatment of chronic HCV and HIV coinfection. Adult subjects ( n=1,523) with a confirmed diagnosis of HCV and stable HIV coinfection were followed between April 2005 and March 2011; of these, 1,284 were interferon-naive and were the focus of this analysis. Patients received PEG-IFN-α2a or -α2b plus ribavirin combination therapy. The choice of treatment and dose was at the investigator's discretion, according to the summary of product characteristics and current guidelines. The primary efficacy end point was sustained virological response (SVR). Secondary end points included rates of rapid viral response, early viral response and response at end of treatment. Results SVR was achieved by 40.0% of patients; the highest SVR rate was observed in patients with HCV genotypes 2 and 3. More genotype 2 and 3 than genotype 1 and 4 patients achieved rapid and early viral responses, and end of treatment responses. Higher SVR rates were also associated with ≥80% anti-HCV treatment compliance and lower baseline HCV levels. Conclusions The OPERA study results show that PEG-IFN plus ribavirin is an effective treatment for HCV–HIV coinfection in interferon-naive patients. Independent predictors of SVR include HCV genotype, undetectable baseline HIV RNA and baseline HCV RNA<500,000 IU/ml.
Amino Acid Sequence Analysis in Patients with Chronic HCV Genotype 1B Infection during Pegylated Interferon-α2A and Ribavirin Therapy
Authors: Fu Juan-Juan , Kong Wei-Jing , Jiang Dong , Pan Xiu-Cheng , Wei Lai 
Published: February 2014

Background Amino acid variations in several HCV genomic regions have been reported to be associated with response to interferon (IFN)-α plus ribavirin (RBV) combination therapy. However, the results remain controversial. In this study, we further investigated the amino acid variation of full-length HCV genome and its correlation to the response to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-α2a and RBV combination therapy in patients with HCV genotype 1b (HCV-1b). Methods We retrospectively analysed 18 chronic HCV-1b patients (9 with rapid virological response and 9 non-response to therapy) treated with PEG-IFN-α2a plus RBV for 48 weeks. The nearly full-length HCV genome sequence was amplified by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR followed by cloning and sequencing. Genetic diversity differences between two groups were analysed including the number of amino acid variations in the HCV polyprotein and the mean pair-wise protein distance. Results No single amino acid variations were closely associated with treatment outcome. However, the number of amino acid mutations in the NS5B region especially in the thumb domain and in the NS5A-V3 region was associated with the response to PEG-IFN-α/RBV therapy ( P=0.002 and P=0.029, respectively). The number of substitutions in the NS5B region was significantly correlated with the numbers of substitutions in the V3 region ( r=0.568, P=0.027). Conclusions Amino acid substitutions in the NS5B region especially in the thumb domain and the NS5A-V3 region may play a role in the response to combined PEG-IFN-α2a and RBV therapy in HCV-1b patients.
HCV RNA Quantification with Different Assays: Implications for Protease-Inhibitor-Based Response-Guided Therapy
Authors: Fevery Bart , Susser Simone , Lenz Oliver , Cloherty Gavin , Perner Dany , Picchio Gaston , Sarrazin Christoph 
Published: February 2014

Background Response-guided therapy (RGT) for HCV treatment, whereby therapy duration is shortened according to on-treatment virological response, requires patient HCV RNA concentrations below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) or limit of detection (LOD) of the viral load assay at weeks 4 and 12. Concordance of two assays and impact on treatment decisions were investigated. Methods Plasma samples ( n=1,411; baseline to week 12) from HCV genotype-1-infected patients ( n=290) receiving simeprevir (TMC435) plus pegylated interferon-α2a/ ribavirin in the PILLAR study (NCT00882908) were analysed using Roche High-Pure-System/COBAS® TaqMan® v2.0 assay (HPS; LLOQ 25 IU/ml and LOD 15 IU/ml; Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA) and reanalysed using Abbott RealTime assay (ART; LLOQ and LOD 12 IU/ml; Abbott Molecular Inc., Des Plaines, IL, USA). Results Overall, 217/766 (28.3%) samples from different time points with HCV RNA undetectable by HPS had HCV RNA detectable by ART. Conversely, 35/584 (6.0%) samples undetectable by ART were detectable by HPS. For both assays, most discrepant samples (96–100%) had HCV RNA<25 IU/ ml. At week 4, 75.5% of samples were undetectable by HPS, whereas 49.4% were undetectable by ART, resulting in different RGT assessment in 26.1% ( P<0.0001). At week 12, 95.4% and 91.9% of samples were undetectable with HPS and ART, respectively. Conclusions Lower rates of undetectable HCV RNA with ART at week 4 suggest that if RGT criteria are determined with ART, the proportion of patients qualifying for shorter treatment duration may be significantly lower (26%). Therefore, different RGT criteria may be necessary for ART to maximize numbers benefiting from shortened treatment. Further testing and validation are required.
Long-Term Treatment with Tenofovir: Prevalence of Kidney Tubular Dysfunction and Its Association with Tenofovir Plasma Concentration
Authors: Ezinga Marieke , Wetzels Jack FM , Bosch Marjolein EW , van der Ven André JAM , Burger David M 
Published: February 2014

Background Monitoring of side effects of long-term HIV treatment has become increasingly important. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a first-line treatment option, is associated with kidney tubular dysfunction (KTD). Our objective was to further investigate the prevalence and risk factors of KTD, in particular its association with TDF plasma concentration in HIV-infected patients treated with TDF for at least one year. Methods An observational cross-sectional single-centre study was conducted. KTD was defined as the presence of at least two of the following criteria: urinary α1-microglobulin/creatinine ratio >15 mg/10 mmol; fractional excretion (FE) of phosphate >20% in the presence of hypophosphataemia; FE of uric acid >10% in the presence of hypouricaemia and glucosuria. Multivariate logistic regression was used to study which variable was associated with KTD. Results A total of 161 HIV patients were included. Abnormalities in tubular function were observed in 101 patients (62.7%), while 17 patients (10.6%) fulfilled the definition of KTD. Urinary α1-microglobulin/creatinine ratio was the most sensitive parameter to detect KTD. Multivariate logistic regression showed TDF plasma concentration to be the only variable associated with KTD. Post hoc analysis showed a stronger association between the product of TDF plasma concentration and TDF exposure and KTD. Conclusions Parameters of KTD are frequently observed in patients on long-term TDF-containing combination antiretroviral therapy. KTD is associated with higher TDF plasma concentrations. A stronger association between the product of TDF plasma concentration and TDF exposure and KTD could suggest cumulative toxicity. A causative role for elevated TDF plasma concentration in development of KTD cannot be demonstrated in this cross-sectional analysis. Longitudinal research is needed to investigate the development and clinical relevance of KTD.
The diet of brown hyaenas (<i>Hyaena brunnea</i>) in Shamwari Game Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Slater Kerry , Muller Konrad 
Published: February 2014

Brown hyaenas (Hyaena brunnea) were introduced to Shamwari Game Reserve in the Eastern Cape Province during 2002, but their feeding ecology is poorly understood. Feeding observations of brown hyaena by field guides and the collection of 31 scats from the study area took place over an 11 month period. Standard techniques were used to analyse the scats and identify prey items present. Ten dietary categories were identified from the scats, with a mean of 3.2 dietary categories per scat. Large mammal remains were found in 30 of the 31 scats, with kudu being the most abundant (61.0% of scats). Overall the two methods indicated at least 14 mammal species being fed on by the brown hyaena. The presence of mainly large mammal remains and invertebrates (in 38.7% of all scats), together with the feeding observations of mainly large mammals by field guides, suggests that brown hyaena in Shamwari are mainly scavengers and that sufficient carrion is available, thereby reducing the need for them to hunt. A 52.0% occurrence of plant matter was found in the scats, suggesting that plant material is an important component of their diet. Further studies are underway to investigate the feeding ecology of brown hyaena in Shamwari and surrounding areas.Conservation implications: Comprehensive scat analysis over a number of years, monitoring of individual movement patterns and population numbers of brown hyaena in and around conservation areas will be beneficial in quantifying resource use of this species.
Measures of Noncompactness in Regular Spaces
Authors: Erzakova Nina A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPrevious results by the author on the connection between three measures of noncompactness obtained for Lp are extended to regular spaces of measurable functions. An example is given of the advantages of some cases in comparison with others. Geometric characteristics of regular spaces are determined. New theorems for (k,β)-boundedness of partially additive operators are proved.