bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of glycoprotein nonmetastatic B and its association with HER2 in breast cancer
Authors: Kanematsu Masako , Futamura Manabu , Takata Masafumi , Gaowa Siqin , Yamada Atsuko , Morimitsu Kasumi , Morikawa Akemi , Mori Ryutaro , Hara Hideaki , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2015

AbstractGlycoprotein nonmetastatic B (GPNMB) is a potential oncogene that is particularly expressed in melanoma and breast cancer (BC). To clarify its clinical significance in BC, we measured serum GPNMB in vivo and investigated its cross talk with human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). GPNMB was expressed in four of six breast cell lines (SK‐BR‐3, BT‐474, MDA‐MD‐231, and MDA‐MD‐157), two of six colorectal cell lines, and two of four gastric cancer (GC) cell lines. We established a GPNMB quantification system using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for these cell lines. We measured serum GPNMB in vivo in 162 consecutive BC patients and in 88 controls (50 colorectal cancer [CC] and 38 GC patients). The GPNMB concentration in BC, CC and GC was 8.163, 5.751 and 6.55 ng/mL, respectively. The GPNMB level was significantly higher in BC patients than in CC patients (P = 0.021). The HER2‐rich subtype of BC patients had significantly higher GPNMB levels than other subtypes (vs. Luminal; P = 0.038; vs. DCIS; P = 0.0195). These high GPNMB levels decreased after treatment (surgery/chemotherapy). Next, we examined the relationship between GPNMB and HER2 in vitro using SK‐BR3 and BT‐474 (HER2‐positive/GPNMB‐positive) cells. GPNMB depletion by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increased both HER2 expression and phosphorylation. Trastuzumab (Tra) in combination with docetaxel promoted cell growth inhibition, and treatment with Tra or an Extracellular signal‐related kinase (ERK) inhibitor enhanced GPNMB expression. These results indicate that GPNMB might be a surrogate marker for BC and may cross talk with the HER2 signal pathway. GPNMB may therefore emerge as an important player in anti‐HER2 therapy.
Metabolomic Profile of the Genus Inula
Authors: Seca Ana M. L. , Pinto Diana C. G. A. , Silva Artur M. S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPlants have a long history as therapeutics in the treatment of human diseases and have been used as source of medicines for ages. Searching for new biologically active natural products, many plants and herbs are screened for natural products with pharmacological activities. In this field, the genus Inula, which comprises more than 100 species, several of them being used in traditional medicine, is very important, especially due to the finding that several of the isolated pure secondary metabolites proved to possess important biological activities. Inula species have been reported as rich sources of sesquiterpene lactones, including eudesmanes, germacranes, guaianes, and dimeric structures, and since 2006 ca. 400 secondary metabolites, including more than 100 new natural products, some of them with relevant pharmacological activities, have been identified. Herein, we critically compile and update the information regarding the types of secondary metabolites found in the genus Inula and the progress in their isolation.
Free‐Radical‐Scavenging, Antityrosinase, and Cellular Melanogenesis Inhibitory Activities of Synthetic Isoflavones
Authors: Lu Tzy‐Ming , Ko Horng‐Huey , Ng Lean‐Teik , Hsieh Yen‐Pin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this study, we examined the potential of synthetic isoflavones for application in cosmeceuticals. Twenty‐five isoflavones were synthesized and their capacities of free‐radical‐scavenging and mushroom tyrosinase inhibition, as well as their impact on cell viability of B16F10 murine melanoma cells and HaCaT human keratinocytes were evaluated. Isoflavones that showed significant mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activities were further studied on reduction of cellular melanin formation and antityrosinase activities in B16F10 melanocytes in vitro. Among the isoflavones tested, 6‐hydroxydaidzein (2) was the strongest scavenger of both ABTS.+ and DPPH. radicals with SC50 values of 11.3±0.3 and 9.4±0.1 μM, respectively. Texasin (20) exhibited the most potent inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase (IC50 14.9±4.5 μM), whereas retusin (17) showed the most efficient inhibition both of cellular melanin formation and antityrosinase activity in B16F10 melanocytes, respectively. In summary, both retusin (17) and texasin (20) exhibited potent free‐radical‐scavenging capacities as well as efficient inhibition of cellular melanogenesis, suggesting that they are valuable hit compounds with potential for advanced cosmeceutical development.
Structure of the Ergothioneine‐Biosynthesis Amidohydrolase EgtC
Authors: Vit Allegra , Mashabela Gabriel T. , Blankenfeldt Wulf , Seebeck Florian P. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe ubiquitous sulfur metabolite ergothioneine is biosynthesized by oxidative attachment of a sulfur atom to the imidazole ring of Nα‐trimethylhistidine. Most actinobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, use γ‐glutamyl cysteine as a sulfur donor. In subsequent steps the carbon scaffold of γ‐glutamyl cysteine is removed by the glutamine amidohydrolase EgtC and the β‐lyase EgtE. We determined the crystal structure of EgtC from Mycobacterium smegmatis in complex with its physiological substrate. The set of active site residues that define substrate specificity in EgtC are highly conserved, even in homologues that are not involved in ergothioneine production. This conservation is compounded by the phylogenetic distribution of EgtC‐like enzymes indicates that their last common ancestor might have emerged for a purpose other than ergothioneine production.
Visible‐Light‐Assisted Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Ammonia over Dye‐Modified Titania Photocatalysts
Authors: Yamamoto Akira , Teramura Kentaro , Hosokawa Saburo , Shishido Tetsuya , Tanaka Tsunehiro 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 12/2015 is provided by a group at Kyoto University. The image shows a high‐performance photocatalyst for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 under visible‐light irradiation (photo‐SCR). See the Full Paper itself at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201500207.
The Use of Accumulated Charge Density of a Bioanode to Estimate Maximum Current in a Bioelectrochemical System
Authors: Wu Baoguo , Yu Hui , Lin Chong , Feng Chunhua , Wei Chaohai 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe maximum current density (jmax) is of importance to the modeling of current produced in a bioelectrochemical system (BES). This study explores an alternative to biomass and biofilm thickness, the accumulated charge density (τ) of electroactive bacteria on the bioanode, to estimate the jmax value. The τ values of five carbon‐based bioanodes are chronoamperometrically determined in a substrate‐depleted solution. The graphite felt bioanode acclimated for 1, 2, 4, and 6 batches exhibits τ values of 6.14, 11.80, 22.23, and 30.24 C m−2, respectively, and jmax values of 5.31, 6.69, 14.01, and 19.62 A m−2, respectively. A linear correlation between τ and jmax is achieved and can be expressed as jmax=0.64τ. The τ and jmax values of four other carbon‐based bioanodes also follow a linear relationship, with coefficients of approximately 0.64. These results imply that τ is a key parameter for estimating jmax in the BES without the need to determine biomass and biofilm thickness.
A phase 2 study of weekly temsirolimus and bortezomib for relapsed or refractory B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: A Wisconsin Oncology Network study
Authors: Fenske Timothy S. , Shah Namrata M. , Kim Kyung Mann , Saha Sandeep , Zhang Chong , Baim Arielle E. , Farnen John P. , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Blank Jules H. , Ahuja Harish , Wassenaar Tim , Qamar Rubina , Mansky Patrick , Traynor Anne M. , Mattison Ryan J. , Kahl Brad S. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUNDProteasome inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors each have activity in various B‐cell malignancies and affect distinct cellular pathways. Their combination has demonstrated synergy in vitro and in mouse models.METHODSThe authors conducted a single‐arm, phase 2 trial of combined temsirolimus and bortezomib in patients with relapsed and refractory B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) using a dosing scheme that was previously tested in multiple myeloma. The patients received bortezomib and temsirolimus weekly on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of a 35‐day cycle.RESULTSOf 39 patients who received treatment, 3 achieved a complete response (7.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6%‐21%), and 9 had a partial response (PR) (23%; 95% CI, 11%‐39%). Thus, the overall response rate (12 of 39 patients) was 31% (95% CI, 17%‐48%), and the median progression‐free survival was 4.7 months (95% CI, 2.1‐7.8 months; 2 months for patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma [n = 18], 7.5 months for those with mantle cell lymphoma [n = 7], and 16.5 months for those with follicular lymphoma [n = 9]). Two extensively treated patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma achieved a complete response. There were no unexpected toxicities from the combination.CONCLUSIONSThe current results demonstrate that the combination of a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor and a proteasome inhibitor is safe and has activity in patients with heavily pretreated B‐cell NHL. Further studies with this combination are warranted in specific subtypes of NHL. Cancer 2015;121:3435–43. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Band‐Gap Control of Zinc Sulfide: Towards an Efficient Visible‐Light‐Sensitive Photocatalyst
Authors: Kurnia Fran , Hart Judy N. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe electronic properties of transition‐metal‐doped zinc sulfide (ZnS) have been investigated by using first‐principles calculations. Transition‐metal doping can allow electronic transitions at energies corresponding to visible‐light wavelengths, thus potentially resulting in increased photocatalytic efficiency under sunlight. In particular, our calculations show that transition‐metal atoms that produce little lattice strain, such as Co, Ni, Mn, and Fe, can be readily incorporated in ZnS. Due to their low formation energies and appropriate band energies, we predict that Ni‐ and Co‐doped ZnS will be promising materials for photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Evidence of Self‐Aggregation of Cationic Surfactants in a Choline Chloride+Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Pal Mahi , Singh Ranjan K. , Pandey Siddharth 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBased on fluorescence probe, electrical conductivity, surface tension, small‐angle X‐ray/dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy experiments, we present the first clear lines of evidence for self‐aggregation of cationic surfactants of the n‐alkyltrimethylammonium family within an archetypical deep eutectic solvent comprised of a 1:2 molar mixture of choline chloride and glycerol. Estimated thermodynamic parameters suggest this self‐aggregation process to be less entropically driven than that in water. These novel water‐free self‐assemblies might serve as dynamic soft templates to direct the growth of size‐ or shape‐tailored nanoparticles within water‐restricted media.
3D Networked Tin Oxide/Graphene Aerogel with a Hierarchically Porous Architecture for High‐Rate Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xie Xiuqiang , Chen Shuangqiang , Sun Bing , Wang Chengyin , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLow‐cost and sustainable sodium‐ion batteries are regarded as a promising technology for large‐scale energy storage and conversion. The development of high‐rate anode materials is highly desirable for sodium‐ion batteries. The optimization of mass transport and electron transfer is crucial in the discovery of electrode materials with good high‐rate performances. Herein, we report the synthesis of 3 D interconnected SnO2/graphene aerogels with a hierarchically porous structure as anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries. The unique 3 D architecture was prepared by a facile in situ process, during which cross‐linked 3 D conductive graphene networks with macro‐/meso‐sized hierarchical pores were formed and SnO2 nanoparticles were dispersed uniformly on the graphene surface simultaneously. Such a 3 D functional architecture not only facilitates the electrode–electrolyte interaction but also provides an efficient electron pathway within the graphene networks. When applied as anode materials in sodium‐ion batteries, the as‐prepared SnO2/graphene aerogel exhibited high reversible capacity, improved cycling performance compared to SnO2, and promising high‐rate capability.
Analgesic and Anti‐inflammatory Activities of the Ethanol Extract of Taxillus tsaii Chiu in Mice
Authors: Liu Chia‐Yu , Chiu Yung‐Jia , Kuo Chao‐Lin , Chien Tzu‐Mei , Wu Lung‐Yuan , Peng Wen‐Huang 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

This study was conducted to investigate the analgesic activities and mechanism of anti‐inflammatory activities of a 50% ethanol extract of Taxillus tsaii (ETT) in vivo using the acetic acid induced writhing test and formalin induced paw licking in mice. The anti‐inflammatory effect of ETT was evaluated using a mouse model of λ‐carrageenan (Carr)‐induced paw edema. ETT reduced the writhing in the acetic acid assay test at a dose 1.0 g/kg po and reduced the licking time in the late phase of the formalin test at doses of 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg po). Carr‐induced paw edema was reduced when ETT (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg po) was administered 3–5 h after Carr injection. ETT (1.0 g/kg po) reduced the level of malondialdehyde in the edemic paw by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, e.g., superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase, in the liver and reducing TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 activity in the edemic paw. This study demonstrates the analgesic and anti‐inflammatory effects of ETT, thus verifying its application in traditional Chinese medicine. Drug Dev Res 76 : 176–184, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Embryonic alcohol exposure: Towards the development of a zebrafish model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
Authors: Gerlai Robert 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTFetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a devastating disease of the brain caused by exposure to alcohol during prenatal development. Its prevalence exceeds 1%. The majority of FASD cases represent the milder forms of the disease which often remain undiagnosed, and even when diagnosed treatment options for the patient are limited due to lack of information about the mechanisms that underlie the disease. The zebrafish has been proposed as a model organism for exploring the mechanisms of FASD. Our laboratory has been studying the effects of low doses of alcohol during embryonic development in the zebrafish. This review discusses the methods of alcohol exposure, its effects on behavioral performance including social behavior and learning, and the potential underlying biological mechanisms in zebrafish. It is based upon a recent keynote address delivered by the author, and it focuses on findings obtained mainly in his own laboratory. It paints a promising future of this small vertebrate in FASD research. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 787–798, 2015.
Generation of BAF53b‐Cre transgenic mice with pan‐neuronal Cre activities
Authors: Zhan Xiaoming , Cao Mou , Yoo Andrew S. , Zhang Zilai , Chen Lei , Crabtree Gerald R. , Wu Jiang I. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryMolecular and functional studies of genes in neurons in mouse models require neuron‐specific Cre lines. The current available neuronal Cre transgenic or knock‐in lines either result in expression in a subset of neurons or expression in both neuronal and non‐neuronal tissues. Previously we identified BAF53b as a neuron‐specific subunit of the chromatin remodeling BAF complexes. Using a bacteria artificial chromosome (BAC) construct containing the BAF53b gene, we generated a Cre transgenic mouse under the control of BAF53b regulatory elements. Like the endogenous BAF53b gene, we showed that BAF53b‐Cre is largely neuron‐specific. In both central and peripheral nervous systems, it was expressed in all developing neurons examined and was not observed in neural progenitors or glial cells. In addition, BAF53b‐Cre functioned in primary cultures in a pan‐neuron‐specific manner. Thus, BAF53b‐Cre mice will be a useful genetic tool to manipulate gene expression in developing neurons for molecular, biochemical, and functional studies. genesis, 53:440–448, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Crystallization behaviour of binary fat blends containing shea stearin as hard fat
Authors: Danthine Sabine , Delatte Sophie , Blecker Christophe , Smith Kevin W. , Bhaggan Krishnadath 
Published: June 2015

Filling fats are used in bakery and confectionery applications. These fats are made up of complex mixtures of triacylglycerols (TAG). The crystallization, melting behaviour and polymorphic stability of fat blends are determined by the behaviour of the TAGs that they contain. Filling functionalities are influenced by their fat composition but also by the processing conditions used for crystallization. In this study, the crystallization behaviour of fat blends, all based on shea stearin as hard fat (which is high in 1,3‐distearoyl‐2‐oleoyl glycerol (SOS)) combined with either sunflower oil, shea olein or rapeseed oil, were investigated by means of pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (pNMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Blends containing either 30 or 40% shea stearin combined with one of the soft fats were selected as they met the criteria required for filling fats. Under static isothermal conditions (at 10°C, 15°C or 20°C), a two‐step crystallization was observed for those blends, which can be explained by polymorphic transitions from α‐form into more stable forms. All the selected blends exhibited different crystallization mechanisms according to the TAG composition of the liquid phase and their complementarity with TAG from the solid phase.Practical applications: Results of this research are useful for the fat industry as they could help to develop new filling fats, based on shea stearin, with a reduced content of saturated fats, while maintaining the desired physical properties of such specific products.pNMR isothermal crystallization curves obtained at 10°C (A), 15°C (B) and 20°C (C) for binary blend made of 30% shea stearin and 70% sunflower oil (plain lines) and binary blend made of 30% shea stearin and 70% shea olein (dashed lines) and corresponding XRD pattern collected at the end of the isothermal period (4 h). A1, B1, C1: 30% shea stearin/70%sunflower oil; A2, B2, C2: 30% shea stearin/70%shea olein.
Preparation and stability of astaxanthin solid lipid nanoparticles based on stearic acid
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Zahi Mohamed Reda , Yuan Qipeng , Tian Feibao , Liang Hao 
Published: June 2015

Astaxanthin (ASTA), a natural pigment carotenoid, is endowed with remarkable antioxidant activity in food and cosmetic products. However, the utilization of ASTA is limited due to its poor water‐solubility, low bioavailability, and the decomposition under light, heat, and oxygen. In order to overcome these drawbacks, ASTA was encapsulated within solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). ASTA‐SLNs, composed of lipid nucleation (ASTA, soybean oil, solid lipid matrix) and external water phase (Tween 20, deionized water), were prepared by high pressure homogenization (HPH). The contents of three different solid matrixes (stearic acid, glycerin monostearate, and glycerol distearates) and the preparation conditions (pressure and number of cycles) were optimized. Stearic acid (1 wt%) was selected on the basis of physico‐chemical properties of ASTA‐SLNs, such as mean particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersivity index (PDI). Moreover, ASTA‐SLNs exhibited good long‐term stability at 4 and 25°C, with no significant modification in the particle size. Comparative with the free ASTA, the chemical stability of ASTA in SLNs was significantly enhanced. Finally, the release experiments of ASTA‐SLNs showed that SLNs could provide prolonged release of ASTA in simulated gastric and intestinal juices.Practical application: SLNs, a promising submicron drug delivery system, could be widely applied in food, cosmetics, drugs, and health products. In the fields of targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs, SLNs have attracted increasing attention. ASTA‐SLNs can be prepared into various pharmaceutical dosage forms, such as oral tablet, intravenous infusion, and percutaneous absorption, thus achieving a long‐time and stable therapeutic effect in small dosage. More importantly, based on the high pressure homogenization technology, ASTA‐SLNs can be produced in large‐scale.Astaxanthin solid lipid nanoparticles (ASTA‐SLNs) were produced using high pressure homogenization. Internal lipid phase was prepared by adding the solid lipid matrix and ASTA into soybean oil with heating and stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere. External aqueous phase was prepared by dispersing Tween 20 (10% w/w) in deionized water. ASTA‐SLNs were obtained through dispersion, high pressure homogenization, and refrigeration. The physical characteristics, stability, release behavior of ASTA‐SLNs were measured.
An Online Electrochemical System for Continuous Measurement of Glutamate with Signal Amplification by Enzymatic Substrate Cycling
Authors: Zhang Zipin , Xiao Tongfang , Hao Jie , Yu Ping , Ohsaka Takeo , Mao Lanqun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study demonstrates a new online electrochemical system (OECS) for continuous monitoring of glutamate by efficiently integrating in vivo microdialysis and selective electrochemical detection with an enhanced sensitivity through enzymatic substrate cycling. We find that the involvement of enzymatic substrate cycling in the biosensing scheme remarkably increases the sensitivity of the OECS toward the measurements of glutamate. Moreover, the OECS demonstrated here is stable, reproducible, and selective and could thus be potentially useful for continuous monitoring of glutamate release in central nervous system. This study essentially offers a new approach to the continuous measurements of cerebral glutamate release, which is believed to find interesting applications in understanding the molecular basis underlying brain functions.
Impact of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Experimental Variables on Adsorbed Protein Films, as Illustrated by Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: MacDonald Michelle A. , Andreas Heather A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractElectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is often used to examine protein films, such as Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) films formed by incubation on platinum electrodes. Literature EIS experiments often vary in terms of whether blank EIS spectra are collected prior to film formation, whether a redox probe like ferricyanide is used, and the potential at which the EIS spectrum is collected. These experimental differences may lead to significant differences in the protein film and the results measured. This paper examines the impact of these factors on the Nyquist plots recorded for BSA films formed by adsorption on platinum electrodes.
Determination of Zirconium and Vanadium in Natural Waters by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry in the Presence of Cupferron, Oxalic Acid and 1,3‐Diphenylguanidine
Authors: Schneider Alexandre B. , Nascimento Paulo C. , Bohrer Denise , de Carvalho Leandro M. , Guarda Ananda , Krause Cristian , Wiethan Bruna A. , Koschinsky Andrea 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA sequential AdSV method based on the accumulation of Zr(IV) and V(V) as cupferron‐oxalic acid‐1,3‐diphenylguanidine (COD) complexes at the HMDE was used to determine traces of these metals in samples with different ionic strengths. DP mode, Eads −0.6 and −0.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl, 3 mol L−1 KCl), tads 400 and 20 s and 10 and 60 mV s−1 scan rates were used for Zr(IV) and V(V), respectively. Epeak were −0.95 (Zr(IV)‐COD) and −0.65 V(V(V)‐COD). The methodology was applied in samples of rivers, estuaries (in Germany and Brazil) and coastal and open seawater.