bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Linezolid Tablets of 2 Different Manufacturers in Healthy Chinese Subjects in Fasting and Fed States
Authors: Chen Hanjing , Xu Hongrong , Yuan Fei , Li Hui , Sheng Lei , Liu Chao , Chen Weili , Li Xuening 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and safety of a generic drug, linezolid, compared to those of a reference drug in healthy Chinese subjects under both fasting and fed conditions. This was a randomized, open‐label, 2‐period, 2‐sequence crossover study. The subjects received a single dose of the test or reference drug, linezolid (600 mg), in each period. The PK parameters were calculated using a non‐compartmental method and compared between the 2 drugs. Bioequivalence was analyzed using geometric mean ratios (GMRs) of the 2 formulations and their corresponding 90% confidence intervals (CIs). The safety of the 2 formulations was assessed under both fasting and fed conditions. Forty‐eight subjects completed the study, 24 each in the fasting and feeding groups. The average plasma concentration‐time patterns of linezolid were similar for both medications under both conditions. The GMR and 90% CIs of the maximum plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concentration‐time curve of linezolid were ranged from 0.80 to 1.25. Both drugs were well tolerated with a similar incidence of adverse drug reactions. In conclusion, the PK and safety profiles of the 2 formulations were comparable. Food intake did not influence the PK profiles of linezolid. These results suggest that the test drug can be used as an alternative to reference drugs.
High‐frequency digitally adaptive pulse skipping modulated voltage‐mode controlled quadratic buck converter
Authors: Kumar Gupta Vijay , Chandra Mandi Bipin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe quadratic buck converter is renowned for its steep step‐down capability. It encounters increased losses due to its high component count. In scenarios with light loads, switching losses become the dominant factor. Additionally, the presence of two right‐half plane zeros impairs transient response, even at high‐frequency switching operations. Incorporating this converter into the digital domain introduces an undesired phenomenon known as subharmonic oscillation, rendering the system unstable, albeit potentially mitigated over time—a drawback particularly undesirable for converters tasked with rapid load dynamics. This paper introduces an adaptive pulse skipping modulation scheme to control metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFET) switching actions, enhancing overall efficiency in discontinuous conduction mode. Furthermore, the effects of right half‐plane (RHP) zeros on stability are analyzed within these switching schemes. The proposed scheme is integrated with voltage‐mode control. Simulation and theoretical analyses are conducted to validate this converter. A flat efficiency of 89%to 86%for the load range of 25 to 700 mA is obtained, outperforming other existing schemes. The results demonstrate that the adaptive pulse modulation scheme effectively improves efficiency and stability in discontinuous conduction mode converters. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing power electronics systems with varying load dynamics.
Calibration on timing skew mismatch of time‐interleaved ADC based on optimized adaptive genetic algorithm back‐propagation neural network
Authors: Liu Cheng , Zhao Jiaqing , Zhang Yang , Xi Zhennan , Deng Jiawei , Luo Xiangdong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAiming to address the timing skew mismatch in the time‐interleaved analog‐to‐digital converter (TIADC) system, this paper presents a timing skew mismatch calibration method based on a back propagation (BP) neural network optimized by an adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA). In this paper, a trained BP neural network is used to detect the timing skew mismatch in the TIADC system, and the variable delay line is used to calibrate it. In this paper, AGA is used to optimize the BP neural network, accelerating its training speed and improving the detection accuracy of timing skew mismatch in the system. The proposed approach boasts superior detection speed and accuracy compared to other methods. In this paper, an 18‐bit 1GS/S 4‐channel TIADC system is simulated and the timing skew mismatch in the system is corrected. Simulation results show that the proposed calibration method has fast detection speed, high detection accuracy, and calibration accuracy. After completing the timing skew mismatch correction, the performance of the TIADC system is dramatically improved. The effective number of bits (ENOB) of the system increases by 9.5 bits, and the spurious‐free dynamic range (SFDR) increases by 59.9 dB.
Clinical profile, associated events and safety of vericiguat in a real‐world cohort: The VERITA study
Authors: Galván Ruiz Mario , Fernández de Sanmamed Girón Miguel , del Val Groba Marco María , Rojo Jorge Lorena , Peña Saavedra Claudia , Martín Bou Elvira , Andrade Guerra Rubén , Caballero Dorta Eduardo , García Quintana Antonio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to determine the clinical profile, associated events and safety of vericiguat in a real‐world cohort of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).MethodsThis study is a prospective and observational cohort study of patients with HFrEF and recent HF worsening episodes requiring intravenous therapy who initiated vericiguat in an HF outpatient clinic. A subanalysis of patients with ≥6 months' follow‐up was performed separately.ResultsOut of 103 patients initially included, 52 had a follow‐up of at least 6 months (median follow‐up of 303 days). At baseline, the mean age was 71.3 ± 9.4 years, 27.2% were women, the median left ventricular ejection fraction was 34% (28%–39%) and 99% were taking beta‐blockers, 96.1% sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, 95.1% sacubitril–valsartan, 90.3% aldosterone antagonists and 93.2% loop diuretics. During follow‐up, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved (from 67.3% and 32.7% in classes III and II, respectively, to 22.4% and 75.5% at study end; P < 0.001), as did the EuroQol‐5D (EQ‐5D) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (from 0.83 ± 0.13 to 0.87 ± 0.12, P = 0.032, and from 60 to 79, P = 0.005, respectively). Vericiguat was well tolerated (13.5% had symptomatic hypotension, and 11.5% had discontinued treatment), and 78.8% of patients achieved the target dose of 10 mg. The number of HF‐related hospitalizations/decompensations within the previous 12 months was 2.3 ± 1.4 and decreased with vericiguat to 0.79 ± 1.14 (P < 0.001). At study end, 7.7% died (50% for HF).ConclusionsIn clinical practice, treatment with vericiguat is associated with substantial improvements in functional class and quality of life and a reduction in hospitalizations for HF, with a low risk of adverse effects.
Effect of Pistacia atlantica kernel oil on the quality characteristics of mayonnaise during the storage period
Authors: Norouzzadeh Sara , Ghasemzadeh Milad , Akhavan Hamid‐Reza , Adhami Khavar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMayonnaise is an oil‐in‐water emulsion with 65–85% oil, and its physicochemical and sensory characteristics are greatly influenced by the type of oil used. The nutritional value and oxidation resistance of Pistacia atlantica oil (PAO) are very desirable due to the essential fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) and antioxidant compounds (phenolics and tocopherols). In this research, the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of mayonnaise sauce (MNS) with different levels of PAO (15% (MNS‐PAO15%), 30% (MNS‐PAO30%), and 100% (MNS‐PAO), as a substitute for soybean oil (SBO)) were compared with sauces containing SBO with antioxidants (MNS‐SBOA) or without antioxidants (MNS‐SBO) during storage for 30 days at 25°C. The results showed that MNS‐PAO and MNS‐SBO exhibited the lowest physical and thermal stability. The MNS‐PAO had the lowest values in peroxide (2.18 meq/kg oil) and thiobarbituric acid (0.21 mg MDA/kg oil) at the end of the storage period. Increasing the PAO level in the mayonnaise formula increased the b* value, but a decreasing trend of b* in these samples was observed during the storage period. The panelists gave the lowest sensory score to the MNS‐PAO sample, but they did not consider a significant difference between the samples containing SBO and the sample containing 15% PAO in terms of color, aroma, and overall acceptance. In general, mayonnaise containing 15% PAO was suggested as a desirable sauce in terms of emulsion and oxidation stability and sensory characteristics.
Risk of bleeding after abdominal paracentesis in patients with chronic liver disease and coagulopathy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tan Jin Lin , Lokan Thomas , Chinnaratha Mohamed Asif , Veysey Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAbdominal paracentesis is a common procedure performed for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in patients with chronic liver disease and ascites. This review aims to provide an overview of the current evidence on the risk of bleeding associated with abdominal paracentesis. Electronic search was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Ovid EMBASE from inception to 29 October 2023. Studies were included if they examined the risk of bleeding post‐abdominal paracentesis or the efficacy of interventions to reduce bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease. Random‐effects model was used to calculate the pooled proportions of bleeding events following abdominal paracentesis. Heterogeneity was determined by I2, τ2 statistics, and P‐value. Eight studies were included for review. Six studies reported incident events of post‐abdominal paracentesis bleeding. Pooled proportion of bleeding events following abdominal paracentesis was 0.32% (95% CI: 0.15–0.69%). The mean values for pre‐procedural INR and platelet count of patients in these studies ranged between 1.4 and 2.0, and 50 and 153 × 109/L, respectively. The highest recorded INR was 8.7, and the lowest platelet count was 19 × 109/L. Major bleeding after abdominal paracentesis occurred in 0–0.97% of the study cohorts. Two studies demonstrated that the use of thromboelastography (TEG) before paracentesis in patients with chronic liver disease identified those at risk of procedure‐related bleeding and reduced transfusion requirements. The overall risk of major bleeding after abdominal paracentesis is low in patients with chronic liver disease and coagulopathy. TEG may be used to predict bleeding risk and guide transfusion requirements.
Occupational post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare workers: a scoping review of factors affecting optimal utilization
Authors: Auerbach Judith D. , Malone Siobhan , Forsyth Andrew D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionPost‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is an efficacious prevention method when initiated promptly after an HIV exposure. Yet, PEP has been underutilized, even among healthcare workers (HCWs) with occupational exposure in sites with PEP policies and procedures and access to PEP medications. It is important to understand the dynamics of uneven PEP use in what appears to be an optimal context to better protect the health and wellbeing of HCWs.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review to elucidate factors influencing HCWs’ use of PEP after occupational exposure. We searched PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar for peer‐reviewed literature published in English from 2014 to 2022 using the terms HIV, postexposure/post‐exposure prophylaxis, acceptability, healthcare workers, and values and preferences. An inductive narrative review of the resulting 53 studies identified core themes.ResultsNearly all studies (96%) with various HCW types and settings occurred in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) in Africa and Asia. Identified themes arrayed along a trajectory of PEP use experience: awareness/knowledge; acceptability; availability/access; uptake/use; adherence/completion. Across studies, awareness of PEP for HIV prevention was high, knowledge about drug regimens and healthcare facility policies was moderate to low; acceptability of PEP was moderate to high; PEP's perceived accessibility/availability was inconsistent and varied by geographic location and setting; HCWs’ uptake of PEP was low, affected by not knowing how to report an exposure and being unaware of PEP availability; and adherence/completion of PEP regimens was moderate to low, impeded by side effects and a belief that completing regimens was unnecessary to avert seroconversion. HCWs consistently expressed concern about HIV stigma.DiscussionFindings are limited by the inconsistent use of constructs across studies and a lack of clarity about reporting exposure events. Multi‐level approaches are needed to address the interplay of individual, social and structural barriers that diminish HCWs’ PEP use. Improved training, incident reporting, 24‐hour access to non‐stigmatizing PEP services and monitoring of adherence/completion are essential to optimizing HCWs’ PEP use.ConclusionsLessons from HCWs’ experience in LMICs may inform understanding of PEP under‐use among people in these settings with non‐occupational exposures.
African American male counseling students’ lived experiences with counseling faculty
Authors: Brown Joel J. , Guth Lorraine J. , Ford David Julius 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRacism and its effects adversely affect the experiences of Black males within higher education. Despite efforts to address racial and gender gaps, Black males remain grossly underrepresented within counselor training programs. They report feeling isolated and experience relational challenges. In this phenomenological study of 10 African American male counseling students’ interactions with counseling faculty, several themes related to their racial identity surfaced from the data. Implications for counselor educators and counselor education programs are offered.
Neuroprotective effect of long‐term resistance physical exercise against memory damage elicited by a lipopolysaccharide‐induced neuroinflammation model in male rats
Authors: Miron Vanessa Valéria , Assmann Charles Elias , Mostardeiro Vitor Bastianello , da Silveira Marcylene Vieira , Copetti Priscila Marquezan , Bissacotti Bianca Fagan , Schirmann Adriel Antonio , Castro Milagros Fanny Vera , Gutierres Jessié Martins , da Cruz Fernandes Marilda , Viero Fernanda Tibolla , Morsch Vera Maria , Schetinger Maria Rosa Chitolina , Cardoso Andréia Machado 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResistance exercise training (RET) is considered an excellent tool for preventing diseases with an inflammatory background. Its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory properties are responsible for positively modulating cholinergic and oxidative systems, promoting neurogenesis, and improving memory. However, the mechanisms behind these actions are largely unknown. In order to investigate the pathways related to these effects of exercise, we conducted a 12‐week long‐term exercise training protocol and used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce damage to the cortex and hippocampus of male Wistar rats. The cholinergic system, oxidative stress, and histochemical parameters were analyzed in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, and memory tests were also performed. It was observed that LPS: (1) caused memory loss in the novel object recognition (NOR) test; (2) increased the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Iba1 protein density; (3) reduced the protein density of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (CHRM1); (4) elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and reactive species (RS); and (5) caused inflammatory damage to the dentate gyrus. RET, on the other hand, was able to prevent all alterations induced by LPS, as well as increase per se the protein density of the alpha‐7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRα7) and Nestin, and the levels of protein thiols (T‐SH). Overall, our study elucidates some mechanisms that support resistance physical exercise as a valuable approach against LPS‐induced neuroinflammation and memory loss.
Development of the individual participant data integrity tool for assessing the integrity of randomised trials using individual participant data
Authors: Hunter Kylie E. , Aberoumand Mason , Libesman Sol , Sotiropoulos James X. , Williams Jonathan G. , Li Wentao , Aagerup Jannik , Mol Ben W. , Wang Rui , Barba Angie , Shrestha Nipun , Webster Angela C. , Seidler Anna Lene 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIncreasing integrity concerns in medical research have prompted the development of tools to detect untrustworthy studies. Existing tools primarily assess published aggregate data (AD), though scrutiny of individual participant data (IPD) is often required to detect trustworthiness issues. Thus, we developed the IPD Integrity Tool for detecting integrity issues in randomised trials with IPD available. This manuscript describes the development of this tool. We conducted a literature review to collate and map existing integrity items. These were discussed with an expert advisory group; agreed items were included in a standardised tool and automated where possible. We piloted this tool in two IPD meta‐analyses (including 116 trials) and conducted preliminary validation checks on 13 datasets with and without known integrity issues. We identified 120 integrity items: 54 could be conducted using AD, 48 required IPD, and 18 were possible with AD, but more comprehensive with IPD. An initial reduced tool was developed through consensus involving 13 advisors, featuring 11 AD items across four domains, and 12 IPD items across eight domains. The tool was iteratively refined throughout piloting and validation. All studies with known integrity issues were accurately identified during validation. The final tool includes seven AD domains with 13 items and eight IPD domains with 18 items. The quality of evidence informing healthcare relies on trustworthy data. We describe the development of a tool to enable researchers, editors, and others to detect integrity issues using IPD. Detailed instructions for its application are published as a complementary manuscript in this issue.
Extent of macroscopic vascular invasion predicts distant metastasis in primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava
Authors: Tseng William W. , Barretta Francesco , Fiore Marco , Colombo Chiara , Radaelli Stefano , Baia Marco , Morosi Carlo , Collini Paola , Sanfilippo Roberta , Fabbroni Chiara , Stacchiotti Silvia , Roberts Randall F. , Callegaro Dario , Gronchi Alessandro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma (RP LMS), the predominant issue is distant metastasis (DM). We sought to determine variables associated with this outcome and disease‐specific death (DSD).MethodsData were retrospectively collected on patients with primary RP LMS treated at a high‐volume center from 2002 to 2023. For inferior vena cava (IVC)‐origin tumors, the extent of macroscopic vascular invasion was re‐assessed on each resection specimen and correlated with preoperative cross‐sectional imaging. Crude cumulative incidences were estimated for DM and DSD and univariable and multivariable models were performed.ResultsAmong 157 study patients, median tumor size was 11.0 cm and 96.2% of cases were intermediate or high grade. All patients underwent complete resection, 56.7% received chemotherapy (43.9% neoadjuvant) and 14.6% received radiation therapy. Only tumor size and grade and not site of tumor origin (e.g., IVC vs. other) were associated with DM and DSD (p < 0.05). Among 64 patients with IVC‐origin tumors, a novel 3‐tier classification was devised based on the level of intimal disruption, which was associated with both DM (p = 0.007) and DSD (0.002).ConclusionIn primary RP LMS, only tumor size and grade are predictive of DM and DSD. In IVC‐origin tumors, the extent of macroscopic vascular invasion is also strongly predictive of these outcomes.
CTNNB1 exon 3 mutations in metastatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas
Authors: Fleming Andrew M. , Gehle Daniel B. , Freitas Julia Pedo , Hendrick Leah E. , Yakoub Danny , Abdelhafeez Hafeez , Nezakatgoo Nosratollah , Deneve Jeremiah L. , Langham Max R. , Glazer Evan S. , Shibata David , Merchant Nipun B. , Dickson Paxton V. , Murphy Andrew J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSolid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas demonstrates an indolent disease course; however, some patients present with a “malignant” phenotype, including distant metastases resistant to chemotherapy. This analysis identifies molecular drivers of metastatic SPN using the world's largest clinicogenomics database.MethodsThe American Association for Cancer Research Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange was queried for primary and metastatic SPN samples. Sample‐level genomic alterations were compared. A pan‐pancreatic cancer analysis assessed relevant mutations among all metastatic pancreatic malignancies.ResultsAmong 28 SPN samples identified (n = 17 primary, n = 11 metastatic), the most commonly mutated gene was CTNNB1, (24/28 samples; 85.7%). Most mutations were missense (21/24; 87.5%) or in‐frame deletions (3/24; 12.5%). The most common CTNNB1 mutations in primary SPN were exon 3 S37F/C missense mutations (6/16 profiled patients, 37.5%), contrasting exon 3 D32N/Y/H missense mutations in metastatic samples (6/11 profiled patients, 54.5%). Metastatic SPN had higher rates of CTNNB1 mutations than metastases from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (72.7% vs. 1.1%; q < 0.0001), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (72.7% vs. 2.5%; q < 0.0001), and pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (72.7% vs. 11.5%; q = 0.0254).ConclusionsMissense mutations along exon 3 of CTNNB1 predominate metastatic SPN, differentiating these patients from those with metastases from analogous pancreatic malignancies.
Comparative effects of organic and inorganic amendments on heavy metal co‐contaminated soil remediation, reducing heavy metal bioavailability and enhancing nutrient accessibility for maize growth
Authors: Akbar Zulqarnain , Akbar Waqas Ali , Irfan Muhammad , Rahim Hafeez Ur , Khan Usama , Saleem Atif , Ali Shamsher , Khan Kashif 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany years ago, widespread and ineffective technologies led to significant ecological contamination, primarily due to heavy metals (HMs), particularly lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). Plant growth in heavy metals contaminated and calcareous soil is a challenge for all the growers worldwide. Several organic and inorganic amendments are used by researchers in different types of soils. However, their impact on soil contaminated with toxic metals and alkaline in reaction is still unclear. Therefore, the current pot experiment investigates the relative effect of organic (wheat straw biochar and farmyard manure) at 10 and 20 t ha−1 and inorganic (diammonium phosphate and gypsum) at 100 and 150 kg ha−1 amendments on NPK availability, soil organic matter, soil properties, and maize growth under Cd and Pb stress. Highest soil pH (7.61), soil electrical conductivity (0.25 dS m−1), soil organic matter (1.40%), plant height (92 cm), shoot dry weight (41 g), and root dry weight (5.5 g) were observed because of biochar application at 20 t ha−1. While the highest total nitrogen (N) (0.13%), and phosphorus (P) (8.16 mg kg−1) were recorded with diammonium phosphate application at 150 kg ha−1, moreover, application of farmyard manure at 20 t ha−1 increased the soil potassium (K) (108.14 mg kg−1). Biochar application at 20 t ha−1 greatly reduced the toxic metals bioavailability with a high immobilization index, that is, Cd (52%) and Pb (43.79%) lead to lower concentrations of metals in roots and shoots as well. A negative correlation was identified between soil pH, soil organic matter, and soil Cd, Pb, demonstrating the positive impact of biochar in terms of the reduction of toxic metals by enhancing pH and soil organic matter, found to be the most effective amendment for soil improvement and plant growth under Cd and Pb stress condition.