bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stall Inception and Development Process Due to Tip Leakage Flow in Axial Compressor Rotor Blades Row
Authors: Taghavi-Zenou R. , Abbasi S. , Eslami S. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with tip leakage flow structure in subsonic axial compressor rotor blades row under different operating conditions. Analyses are based on flow simulation utilizing computational fluid dynamic technique. Three different circumstances at near stall condition are considered in this respect. Tip leakage flow frequency spectrum was studied through surveying instantaneous static pressure signals imposed on blades surfaces. Results at the highest flow rate, close to the stall condition, showed that the tip vortex flow fluctuates with a frequency close to the blade passing frequency. In addition, pressure signals remained unchanged with time. Moreover, equal pressure fluctuations at different passages guaranteed no peripheral disturbances. Tip leakage flow frequency decreased with reduction of the mass flow rate and its structure was changing with time. Spillage of the tip leakage flow from the blade leading edge occurred without any backflow in the trailing edge region. Consequently, various flow structures were observed within every passage between two adjacent blades. Further decrease in the mass flow rate provided conditions where the spilled flow ahead of the blade leading edge together with trailing edge backflow caused spike stall to occur. This latter phenomenon was accompanied by lower frequencies and higher amplitudes of the pressure signals. Further revolution of the rotor blade row caused the spike stall to eventuate to larger stall cells, which may be led to fully developed rotating stall.
Probability Distribution for Mobilized Shear Strengths of Saturated Undrained Clays Modeled by 2-D Stationary Gaussian Random Field - A 1-D Stochastic Process View
Authors: Ching J. , Lin C.-J. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper shows that the mobilized shear strength of a two-dimensional (2-D) spatially variable saturated undrained clay is closely related to the extreme value of a one-dimensional (1-D) continuous stationary stochastic process. This 1-D stochastic process is the integration of the 2-D spatially variable shear strength along potential slip curves. Based on this finding, a probability distribution model for the mobilized shear strength of the 2-D clay is developed based on a probability distribution model for the extreme value of the 1-D stochastic process. The latter (the model for the 1-D extreme value) has analytical expressions. With the proposed probability distribution model, the mobilized shear strength of a 2-D clay can be simulated without the costly random field finite element analyses.
A Converse of the Loewner–Heinz Inequality, Geometric Mean and Spectral Order
Authors: Uchiyama Mitsuru 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLet A, B be non-negative bounded self-adjoint operators, and let a be a real number such that 0 < a < 1. The Loewner–Heinz inequality means that A ≤ B implies that Aa ≦ Ba. We show that A ≤ B if and only if (A + λ)a ≦ (B + λ)a for every λ > 0. We then apply this to the geometric mean and spectral order.
Onα-Polynomial Regular Functions, with Applications to Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Fenton Peter , Grohn Janne , Heittokangas Janne , Rossi John , Rattya Jouni 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis research deals with properties of polynomial regular functions, which were introduced in a recent study concerning Wiman-Valiron theory in the unit disc. The relation of polynomial regular functions to a number of function classes is investigated. Of particular interest is the connection to the growth classGα, which is closely associated with the theory of linear differential equations with analytic coefficients in the unit disc. If the coefficients are polynomial regular functions, then it turns out that a finite set of real numbers containing all possible maximum modulus orders of solutions can be found. This is in contrast to what is known about the case when the coefficients belong toGα.
Asset Specificity, Industry-Driven Recovery Risk, and Loan Pricing
Authors: James Christopher , Kizilaslan Atay 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between a firm’s exposure to industry downturns that we call industry risk and bank loan pricing. We measure industry risk based on the relationship between a firm’s stock returns and industry returns conditional on an industry downturn. We find industry risk is significantly related to the recovery rates in bankruptcy and the likelihood of the firm experiencing financial distress when its peers are also in distress. More importantly, we find that the spreads on unsecured bank loans are positively related to industry risk measures. These relationships are stronger for firms with more industry-specific assets.
Addendum to “The truth is never simple”
Authors: Burgess John P. 
Published: March 2014

The present note outlines an answer to a question listed as open in our recent survey article [1], familiarity with which is assumed.Let Γ be the class of all X ⊆ ω such that X is reducible to for some some arithmetical and some positive with Y ⊆ p(Y) for all Y.A.1. Theorem. is a complete set of class Γ.A.2. Corollary, (a) is-in-a--parameter.(b) (i) Every set-in-a--parameter is reducible to.(ii) Every set-in-a--parameter is reducible to.Remarks. A.1 answers 7.3 of [1]. A.2 says as much as can be said about in terms of the coarse classifications of the analytical hierarchy. A.2 follows from A.1 by general methods and results in the theory of inductive definitions (having nothing specifically to do with truth), and its proof will be omitted.Proof of A.1. We omit subscripts vF.Upper Bound. Define
Correction to “Simple r. e. degree structures”
Authors: Lubarsky Robert S. 
Published: March 2014

In the paper mentioned in the title (this Journal, vol. 52 (1987), pp. 208–213), it is shown that if ⊨ “V = HC is recursively inaccessible” is ω-standard -nonstandard, then = s.p.() has at most four r. e. degrees. They are 0 = deg(∅), = deg{e ∣ We is a recursive well-ordering of ω}, = deg{R ∣ ⊨ “R codes a well-ordering”}, and ∨ . Furthermore, 0 < < ∨ and 0 < . Then it is claimed that < < ∨ and = ∨ if are each possible. In fact, < < ∨ always.The mistake in the argument is that the model ≤T is really a structure on a set, which we may as well take as ω: there is an R ⊆ ω × ω, R ≤T, and ‹ω, R› ≃ . So a copy of coded as a relation on ω is ≤ over . But there is no reason to think that the restriction of the isomorphism of and ‹ω, R› to is Σ1().
Dominical categories: recursion theory without elements
Authors: di Paola Robert A. , Heller Alex 
Published: March 2014

Dominical categories are categories in which the notions of partial morphisms and their domains become explicit, with the latter being endomorphisms rather than subobjects of their sources. These categories form the basis for a novel abstract formulation of recursion theory, to which the present paper is devoted. The abstractness has of course its usual concomitant advantage of generality: it is interesting to see that many of the fundamental results of recursion theory remain valid in contexts far removed from their classic manifestations. A principal reason for introducing this new formulation is to achieve an algebraization of the generalized incompleteness theorem, by providing a category-theoretic development of the concepts and tools of elementary recursion theory that are inherent in demonstrating the theorem.Dominical recursion theory avoids the commitment to sets and partial functions which is characteristic of other formulations, and thus allows for an intrinsic recursion theory within such structures as polyadic algebras. It is worthy of notice that much of elementary recursion theory can be developedwithout referencetoelements.By Gödel's generalized incompleteness theorem for consistent arithmetical systemTwe mean any statement of the following sort:(1) if every recursive set is definable inT, thenTis essentially undecidable [41]; or(2) if all recursive functions are definable inT, thenTis essentially undecidable [41]; or(3) if every recursive set is definable inT, thenT0andR0(the sets of Gödel numbers of the theorems and refutables ofT) are recursively inseparable [39]; or(4) if all re sets are representable inT, thenT0is creative [28], [39]; or(5) ifTis a Rosser theory (i.e., all disjoint re sets are strongly separable inT), thenT0andR0are effectively inseparable [39].
Von Mises' definition of random sequences reconsidered
Authors: van Lambalgen Michiel 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe review briefly the attempts to define random sequences (§0). These attempts suggest two theorems: one concerning the number of subsequence selection procedures that transform a random sequence into a random sequence (§§1–3 and 5); the other concerning the relationship between definitions of randomness based on subsequence selection and those based on statistical tests (§4).
The theory of the Gödel functionals
Authors: Goodman Nicolas D. 
Published: March 2014

In [2] we described an arithmetic theory of constructions (ATC) and showed that first-order intuitionistic arithmetic (HA) could be interpreted in it. In [3] we went on to show that the interpretation of HA in ATC is faithful. The purpose of the present paper is to apply these ideas to intuitionistic arithmetic in all finite types. Tait has shown [6] that a conservative extension of HA is obtained by adding the Gödel functionals with intuitionistic logic and intensional identity in all finite types. Below we show that this extension remains conservative on the addition of certain axioms of choice which are evident on the intended interpretation of the intuitionistic logical connectives. This theorem (Corollary 6.2 below) was first obtained by a more complicated argument in our dissertation [1]. Some of its implications are discussed in Goodman and Myhill [4].We assume that the reader is familiar with [2] and [3].
The inconsistency of
Authors: Bunder M. W. 
Published: March 2014

In [4] Curry raised the possibility that his system proposed in ξ15C of [3] might be inconsistent. In this paper this inconsistency is proved using a method also employed in [1].From Curry's axiom ⊦LH, it follows thatholds for arbitrary X.The other results from that are required areModus Ponens, and the Deduction Theorem for implication:Assuming ⊦HA, we define as in [1]:and letwhere Y is the paradoxical (or fixed point) combinator.We have X = G2X, so, by (2), H X ⊦ X ⊃ G2X which is HX ⊦ X ⊃. H2X ⊃ G1X. Clearly HX ⊦ H(G1X) and, by (5), HX ⊦ H3X, so that, by (3), H X ⊦ H2X ⊃. X ⊃ G1X and by (5) and Modus Ponens HX ⊦ X ⊃ G1X. This is HX ⊦ X ⊃: HX ⊃. X ⊃ A which by (3) and Modus Ponens giveswhich gives, by (4), HX ⊦ X ⊃ A. Now, by (1) and (DT),which is ⊦G1X. But we have ⊦H2X so, by the (DT), ⊦H2X ⊃ G1X which is ⊦G2X. Thus we have proved ⊦X.
A combinatorial property of pκλ
Authors: Menas Telis K. 
Published: March 2014

In a paper on combinatorial properties and large cardinals [2], Jech extended several combinatorial properties of a cardinal κ to analogous properties of the set of all subsets of λ of cardinality less than κ, denoted by “pκλ”, where λ is any cardinal ≤κ. We shall consider in this paper one of these properties which is historically rooted in a theorem of Ramsey [10] and in work of Rowbottom [12].As in [2], define [pκλ]2 = {{x, y}: x, y ∈ pκλ and x ≠ y}. An unbounded subset A of pκλ is homogeneous for a function F: [pκλ]2 → 2 if there is a k < 2 so that for all x, y ∈ A with either x ⊊ y or y ⊊ x, F({x, y}) = k. A two-valued measure ü on pκλ is fine if it is κ-complete and if for all α < λ, ü({x ∈ pκλ: α ∈ x}) = 1, and ü is normal if, in addition, for every function f: pκλ → λsuch that ü({x ∈ pκλ: f(x) ∈ x}) = 1, there is an α < λ such that ü({x ∈ pκλ: f(x) = α}) = 1. Finally, a fine measure on pκλ has the partition property if every F: [pκλ]2 → 2 has a homogeneous set of measure one.
Inflectional morphological awareness and word reading and reading comprehension in Greek
Authors: ROTHOU KYRIAKOULA M. , PADELIADU SUSANA 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThe study explored the contribution of two aspects of inflectional morphological awareness, verb inflection and noun–adjective inflection, to word reading and reading comprehension in the Greek language, which is an orthographically transparent language. Participants (120 first graders, 123 second graders, 126 third graders) were given two oral language experimental tasks of inflectional morphological awareness. Furthermore, phonological awareness, receptive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, decoding, and reading comprehension were evaluated. It was revealed that noun–adjective inflectional morphology contributed significantly to decoding only in first grade, while verb inflectional morphology had a significant contribution to reading comprehension in third grade. It is interesting that inflectional morphological awareness did not predict reading skills for second graders. Phonological awareness was a firm predictor of word reading in all grades and made a unique contribution in Grades 2 and 3. Finally, in all grades, receptive vocabulary was a steady predictor of reading comprehension, whereas expressive vocabulary predicted only first-grade reading comprehension. It is suggested that inflectional morphological awareness may be an important predictor of early reading in a language with a shallow orthography and a rich morphology.
Design of 3-legged XYZ compliant parallel manipulators with minimised parasitic rotations
Authors: Hao Guangbo , Li Haiyang 
Published: March 2014

SUMMARYThis paper deals with the design of 3-legged distributed-compliance XYZ compliant parallel manipulators (CPMs) with minimised parasitic rotations, based on the kinematically decoupled 3-PPPRR (P: prismatic joint, and R: revolute joint) and 3-PPPR translational parallel mechanisms (TPMs). The designs are firstly proposed using the kinematic substitution approach, with the help of the stiffness center (SC) overlapping based approach. This is done by an appropriate embedded arrangement so that all of the SCs associated with the passive compliant modules overlap at the point where all of the input forces applied at the input stages intersect. Kinematostatic modelling and characteristic analysis are then carried out for the proposed large-range 3-PPPRR XYZ CPM with overlapping SCs. The results from finite element analysis (FEA) are compared to the characteristics found for the developed analytical models, as are experimental testing results (primary motion) from the prototyped 3-PPPRR XYZ CPM with overlapping SCs. Finally, issues on large-range motion and dynamics of such designs are discussed, as are possible improvements of the actuated compliant P joint. It is shown that the potential merits of the designs presented here include a) minimised parasitic rotations by only using three identical compliant legs; b) compact configurations and small size due to the use of embedded designs; c) approximately kinematostatically decoupled designs capable of easy controls; and d) monolithic fabrication for each leg using existing planar manufacturing technologies such as electric discharge machining (EDM).
Differential plant damage due to litterfall in palm-dominated forest stands in a Central Pacific atoll
Authors: Young Hillary S. , McCauley Douglas J. , Pollock Amanda , Dirzo Rodolfo 
Published: March 2014

Abstract:High densities of palms are common in many tropical forests. In some cases, the dominance of palms has been associated with a depauperate understorey and high rates of native seedling mortality. A variety of different potential mechanisms has been suggested to explain the sustained palm dominance in the understorey and canopy of these forests. Working in a Cocos nucifera-dominated wet tropical forest at Palmyra Atoll in the central Pacific, we examine how litterfall from this pantropical, and economically important palm, impacts seedling survival. We compare rates of litterfall, and rates of litterfall-associated damage, between forest stands dominated by C. nucifera (coconut palm) and forest stands with low abundance of C. nucifera. To assess litterfall damage we survey damage to both artificial seedlings (n = 711), outplanted real seedlings of two species (with and without protection via caging; n = 204), and standing rates of litterfall damage. We find that rates of large-litterfall damage were an average of five times higher in sites with high densities of C. nucifera. Associated with these increases we observe that levels of physical damage to artificial model seedlings caused by litterfall over a 4-mo period increased from 4.9% in sites with low abundance of C. nucifera to 16.1% in sites with high abundance of C. nucifera. Extrapolated to annual rates, litterfall damage of this magnitude exceeds the average levels observed in other published studies. Living native seedlings also showed more than 300% higher levels of mortality in forest stands with high densities of C. nucifera, a difference that was greatly reduced when protected by caging from litterfall. In contrast, uncaged C. nucifera seedlings actually had slightly higher survivorship in habitats dominated by conspecifics. We suggest that litterfall damage may be an important mechanism by which this tropical palm reaches and maintains near monodominance in many coastal and insular habitats.
Family stories of end-of-life cancer care when unable to fulfill a loved one's wish to die at home
Authors: Seal Karen , Murray Craig D. , Seddon Lesley 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjective:Control over place of death is deemed important, not only in providing a “good death,” but also in offering person-centered palliative care. Despite the wish to die at home being endorsed by many, few achieve it. The present study aimed to explore the reasons why this wish is not fulfilled by examining the stories of ten individuals who lost a loved one to cancer.Method:We adopted a narrative approach, with stories synthesized to create one metastory depicting plot similarities and differences.Results:Stories were divided into four chapters: (1) the cancer diagnosis, (2) the terminal stage and advancement of death, (3) death itself, and (4) reflections on the whole experience. Additionally, several reasons for cessation of home care were uncovered, including the need to consider children's welfare, exhaustion, and admission of the loved one by professionals due to a medical emergency. Some participants described adverse effects as a result of being unable to continue to support their loved one's wish to remain at home.Significance of Results:Reflections upon the accounts are provided with a discussion around potential clinical implications.
Caring for people dying in acute hospitals: A mixed-methods study to examine relative's perceptions of care
Authors: Clark Katherine , Cain Jess , Campbell Lyn , Byfieldt Naomi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjective:Improving the care provided for people dying in acute healthcare facilities has been identified as a priority for Australian healthcare. Previous observations support the idea that quality care improves outcomes for the dying person as well as for their relatives. To improve care it is essential that there be a clear understanding of which issues require attention. The aim of our project was to improve the understanding of the experiences of family members whose relatives had died on an acute medical ward.Method:A mixed-methods approach was adopted for our study. With the approval of the human ethics committee, relatives were approached within three months of the death of their family member and invited to participate in an interview based on a quality-of-dying-and-death (QoDD) tool.Results:Of the 50 families approached, 10 agreed to be interviewed. When they were asked to reflect on the experiences of the dying person, the issues that they articulated most strongly related to the need to have time before death to address issues and spend time with important others. With regards to the needs of the dying person's relatives, people articulated strongly that they needed information, support, and evidence of good symptom control. The provision of support post-death was also poignantly highlighted.Significance of Results:This study supports observations made in other clinical areas that have identified that timely communication, good symptom control, and ongoing support for both the dying person and their family has important ramifications. Articulating such details is an important part of understanding which aspects of care require attention.
New insights into Oculina patagonica coral diseases and their associated Vibrio spp. communities
Authors: Rubio-Portillo Esther , Yarza Pablo , Peñalver Cindy , Ramos-Esplá Alfonso A , Antón Josefa 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Bleaching of Oculina patagonica has been extensively studied in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, although no studies have been carried out in the Western basin. In 1996 Vibrio mediterranei was reported as the causative agent of bleaching in O. patagonica but it has not been related to bleached or healthy corals since 2003, suggesting that it was no longer involved in bleaching of O. patagonica. In an attempt to clarify the relationship between Vibrio spp., seawater temperature and coral diseases, as well as to investigate the putative differences between Eastern and Western Mediterranean basins, we have analysed the seasonal patterns of the culturable Vibrio spp. assemblages associated with healthy and diseased O. patagonica colonies. Two sampling points located in the Spanish Mediterranean coast were chosen for this study: Alicante Harbour and the Marine Reserve of Tabarca. A complex and dynamic assemblage of Vibrio spp. was present in O. patagonica along the whole year and under different environmental conditions and coral health status. While some Vibrio spp. were detected all year around in corals, the known pathogens V. mediteranei and V. coralliilyticus were only present in diseased specimens. The pathogenic potential of these bacteria was studied by experimental infection under laboratory conditions. Both vibrios caused diseased signs from 24 °C, being higher and faster at 28 °C. Unexpectedly, the co-inoculation of these two Vibrio species seemed to have a synergistic pathogenic effect over O. patagonica, as disease signs were readily observed at temperatures at which bleaching is not normally observed.