bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased adherence to CFF practice guidelines for pulmonary medications correlates with improved FEV1
Authors: Moore Brooke M. , Laguna Theresa A. , Liu Meixia , McNamara John J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundCFF practice guidelines recommend patients ≥age 6 use dornase alfa and hypertonic saline daily, and those ≥age 6 colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa use inhaled tobramycin and oral azithromycin to improve lung function and reduce pulmonary exacerbations. A decline in FEV1 was noted in our 2008 CF Center Report. We hypothesized that increasing adherence to prescribing guidelines for these pulmonary medications would improve mean FEV1.MethodsThis was a quality improvement project completed at a US CF center. CFF practice guidelines were reviewed with the center physicians. Patients were identified that were eligible to receive recommended therapies and it was determined whether they were prescribed the therapies. Baseline FEV1 data was collected. Adherence rates and FEV1 were followed quarterly for 1 year. Providers received a quarterly report card with adherence rates, mean FEV1 compared to colleagues, and a list of eligible patients that were not prescribed recommended therapies.ResultsNinety‐two patients were included. At baseline, the overall adherence rate was 59%. Overall adherence increased quarterly (P = < 0.001). Each quarter there was improvement in adherence to prescribing for each medication (P < 0.001). Except in quarter 1, FEV1 increased quarterly (P = 0.092). There was moderate correlation (r = 0.533) between improved adherence and improved FEV1.ConclusionsEducating clinicians about guidelines, providing feedback on adherence to guidelines, and monitoring prescribing patterns improves prescribing adherence. FEV1 showed improvement after months of sustained adherence, trending towards significance. Longer follow‐up is necessary to determine if improved prescribing adherence translates into improved FEV1 or slows rate of decline in FEV1. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:747–753. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Microvascularity in transition zone prostate tumors resembles normal prostatic tissue
Authors: van Niekerk Cornelis G. , Witjes J. Alfred , Barentsz Jelle O. , van der Laak Jeroen A.W.M. , Hulsbergen‐van de Kaa Christina A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was comparison of characteristics of the microvasculature in transition zone tumor (TZT) and benign nodular hyperplasia (BPH) with normal prostatic transition zone (NTZ), applying accurate and objective quantification based on digital image analysis. Results of this study may increase understanding of prostate dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI analysis.METHODSRadical prostatectomy specimens of 28 patients containing TZT ranging from pT2–pT4 were used. In 11 patients a concomitant peripheral zone tumor (PZT) was present. Microvessels were visualized by CD31 immunohistochemistry. Specimens were scanned using a computer‐controlled microscope with automatic recognition of microvessels. Pseudocolor maps were produced displaying microvessel density, perimeter, and area of an entire prostate transection. Mean, 75th percentile (p75) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated automatically in manually indicated areas of the tumor and corresponding contralateral normal tissue, and BPH.RESULTSLarge variability was seen in TZT microvascular parameters, indicating presence of patients having both hypo and hypervascularized tumors compared to NTZ. In contrast, areas of BPH showed a more consistent increase in vascular parameters, with decreased CV. Analysis of PZT confirmed results of our previous study, with mean and p75 of all vascular parameters being significantly increased and a decrease in CV. No correlation was found for clinicopathological parameters and microvascular parameters.CONCLUSIONMicrovasculature of transition zone tumor showed increased heterogeneity compared to BPH and peripheral zone tumors, possibly explaining the difficulty of TZT detection on DCE‐MRI. Prostate 73: 467–475, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Semantic aware attribution analysis of remote exploits
Authors: Kong Deguang , Tian Donghai , Pan Qiha , Liu Peng , Wu Dinghao 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTWeb services have been greatly threatened by remote exploit code attacks, where maliciously crafted HTTP requests are used to inject binary code to compromise web servers and web applications. In practice, besides detection of such attacks, attack attribution analysis (i.e., to automatically categorize exploits or determine whether an exploit is a variant of an attack from the past) is also very important. In this paper, we present SA3, a novel exploit code attribution analysis that combines semantics‐based analysis and statistical modeling to automatically categorize given exploit code. SA3 extracts semantic features from exploit code through data anomaly analysis and then attributes the exploit to an appropriate class on the basis of our statistical model derived from a Markov model. We evaluate SA3 over a comprehensive set of shellcode collected from Metasploit and other polymorphic engines. Experimental results show that SA3 is effective and efficient. The attribution analysis accuracy can be over 90% in different parameter settings with false positive rate no more than 4.5%. The novelty of SA3 is that it combines semantic analysis with statistical modeling for exploit code attribution analysis. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carcinome urothélial de l’urètre: une nouvelle observation et revue de la littérature
Authors: Gowe E. E. , Dekou A. H. , Vodi C. C. , Konan P. G. , Gnagne M. Y. , Dje K. 
Published: September 2012

Résumé
Le carcinome urothélial de l’urètre masculin est une tumeur exceptionnelle. Nous rapportons une nouvelle observation de carcinome urothélial de l’urètre chez un homme de 64 ans qui avait consulté pour une dysurie. L’urétrocystographie rétrograde et mictionnelle (UCRM) réalisée avait mis en évidence des images de rétrécissement de l’urètre bulbopénien traité par urétroplastie. L’examen histologique de la pièce d’urétrectomie a révélé un carcinome urothélial de l’urètre. Le patient refusa tout traitement complémentaire et survécut 14 mois après le diagnostic.
Social skills and depressive symptoms across adolescence: Social support as a mediator in girls versus boys
Authors: Nilsen Wendy , Karevold Evalill , R⊘ysamb Espen , Gustavson Kristin , Mathiesen Kristin S. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThe current population‐based study of Norwegian adolescents examined gender‐specific patterns in the prospective association between social skills in early adolescence (age 12.5; n = 566) and changes in depressive symptoms from early to late adolescence (age 16.5; n = 375). Further, a potential mediation effect of social support (from peers, parents, and teachers) in middle adolescence (age 14.5; n = 456) was examined. The findings indicated that low levels of social skills in early adolescence predicted increases in depressive symptoms for both girls and boys. Low levels of friend support in middle adolescence mediated this relationship for girls, but not boys. The findings underline the importance of including social skills training in primary programs designed to prevent development of depression. Preventive programs should also include actions on how girls can cope with interpersonal difficulties.
CalNex cloud properties retrieved from a ship‐based spectrometer and comparisons with satellite and aircraft retrieved cloud properties
Authors: McBride P. J. , Schmidt K. S. , Pilewskie P. , Walther A. , Heidinger A. K. , Wolfe D. E. , Fairall C. W. , Lance S. 
Published: September 2012

An algorithm to retrieve cloud optical thickness and effective radius (reff) from spectral transmittance was applied to radiance and irradiance observations of the Solar Spectral Flux Radiometer (SSFR) during the Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change Campaign (CalNex). Data from an overcast day, 16 May 2010, was used to validate the algorithm. Retrievals from the SSFR, deployed on the Woods Hole Oceanic Institute R/V Atlantis, were compared to retrievals made from an airborne SSFR, the Geostationary Operations Environmental Satellite (GOES), an Atlantis‐based microwave radiometer, and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. In situ observations of reffduring a flight over the Atlantis were compared to the Atlantis SSFR and GOES retrievals. The cloud statistics for the CalNex campaign were compared to previous studies. The agreement between the different retrievals, quantified by determining the number of coincident observations when retrieval uncertainty overlapped, improved as the difference between the field‐of‐views (FOV) of the instruments decreased. It is shown that averaging the 1 Hz SSFR observations to the 15 minute GOES interval cannot fully account for the impact of the different FOVs. The average in situ reff (7.7 μm) fell between the average reffretrieved using the Atlantis‐based SSFR radiance (5.7μm) and irradiance (9.5 μm). The CalNex clouds showed a diurnal pattern observed in previous studies of marine boundary layer clouds in the region. The distribution of cloud optical thickness and liquid water path during CalNex was shown to be a gamma distribution, consistent with previous studies of high cloud fraction marine boundary layer clouds.
High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder observations of the gravity wave‐driven elevated stratopause in 2006
Authors: France J. A. , Harvey V. L. , Alexander M. J. , Randall C. E. , Gille J. C. 
Published: September 2012

Temperature observations during January and February 2006 from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS), the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), and the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) satellite instruments are compared to illustrate the vertical range over which version 6 HIRDLS temperatures are scientifically useful. In order to determine the quality of HIRDLS temperatures in the middle atmosphere, we compare the height and temperature of the HIRDLS stratopause with MLS and SABER before, during, and after the 2006 major stratospheric sudden warming. Results show that HIRDLS observes the elevated stratopause at 78 km two days later than MLS and five days after SABER. We compare the geographical temperature structure of these data sets at 0.01 hPa during this period. Though HIRDLS temperatures are consistently 5–10 K lower in the mesosphere, this is the first study to show that the horizontal temperature distribution is in good spatial and temporal agreement with MLS and SABER up to ∼80 km. Gravity wave momentum flux and planetary wave 1 amplitudes are derived from HIRDLS and shown to be in agreement with previous studies. We use HIRDLS to show a ∼30 K increase in stratopause temperature following enhanced gravity wave momentum flux in the lower mesosphere.
Tandem repeats modify the structure of the canine CD1D gene
Authors: Looringh van Beeck F. A. , Leegwater P. A. J. , Herrmann T. , Broere F. , Rutten V. P. M. G. , Willemse T. , Van Rhijn I. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryAmong the CD1 proteins that present lipid antigens to T cells, CD1d is the only one that stimulates a population of T cells with an invariant T‐cell receptor known as NKT cells. Sequencing of a 722 nucleotide gap in the dog (Canis lupus familiaris) genome revealed that the canine CD1D gene lacks a sequence homologous to exon 2 of human CD1D, coding for the start codon and signal peptide. Also, the canine CD1D gene contains three different short tandem repeats that disrupt the expected gene structure. Because canine CD1D cDNA lacks sequences homologous to human exon 2 and 3, the functionality of canine CD1d protein may be affected, and this could have consequences for the development and activation of canine NKT cells.
von Willebrand's disease in Mexico: a pilot study
Authors: Majluf‐Cruz A. , Velez‐Ruelas M. A. , Gonzalez‐Avila A. I. , Garcia‐Chávez J. , Berges A. , Lopez‐Santiago N. , Monroy‐Garcia R. , Moreno‐Hernandez M. , Corona‐De La Peña N. , Alvarado‐Moreno J. A. , Isordia‐Salas I. , Hernandez−Juarez J. 
Published: September 2012

Summaryvon Willebrand's disease (VWD) is the most commonly inherited bleeding disorder. For a long time, it has been said that VWD was absent in some countries due to ethnical differences. Information about the prevalence of VWD in Mexico remains unclear, owing largely to poor awareness and diagnosis of the disease. The aim of this study was to objectively diagnose VWD in a cohort of highly selected Mexican patients with a chronic history of bleeding. Mexican Mestizos were recruited between July 2010 and August 2011. Included were 133 adult and paediatric patients with a high suspicion of VWD. Fifty‐three were diagnosed with VWD: 47 (88.7%) with type 1 VWD, four (7.5%) with type 2a VWD and two (3.8%) with type 3 VWD. Mean age for female patients was 19.5 years (range 3–44 years) and 18.5 years (range 4–63 years) for male patients. Mean age at start of bleeding symptoms was 8.8 years (range 1–61). The most frequent clinical symptoms were epistaxis (84.9%), ecchymosis (79.2%), haematomas (71.7%), gum bleeds (62.3%) and petechia (50.9%). Severe transoperative or postoperative bleeding was found in 17 patients (32.1%). Twenty‐six women at childbearing age had a history of abnormal gynaecological bleeding. Our results clearly demonstrate the presence of VWD in Mexican and underscore the importance of a more detailed description of VWD. Efforts to increase the awareness and diagnosis of VWD could help in better identification of patients with bleeding disorders and lead to early, appropriate management with safe and efficacious therapies such as desmopressin and plasma concentrates.
Resolution of Hypoprothrombinemia‐Lupus Anticoagulant Syndrome (HLAS) after multidrug therapy with rituximab: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Paschal R. D. , Neff A. T. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryHypoprothrombinemia associated with a lupus anticoagulant (LA) was first reported in the literature over 50 years ago. The hypoprothrombinemia‐lupus anticoagulant syndrome (HLAS) is a rare bleeding diathesis that has been associated with LAs in adult and paediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and with transient LAs due to other causes. There are no standard recommendations for treating haemorrhage associated with this syndrome. Herein, we report a patient with SLE and HLAS who achieved a durable remission following treatment with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG), prednisone and rituximab.
Experimental application of pulsed laser‐induced water jet for endoscopic submucosal dissection: Mechanical investigation and preliminary experiment in swine
Authors: Sato Chiaki , Nakano Toru , Nakagawa Atsuhiro , Yamada Masato , Yamamoto Hiroaki , Kamei Takashi , Miyata Go , Sato Akira , Fujishima Fumiyoshi , Nakai Masaaki , Niinomi Mitsuo , Takayama Kazuyoshi , Tominaga Teiji , Satomi Susumu 
Published: September 2012

Background and AimA current drawback of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early‐stage gastrointestinal tumors is the lack of instruments that can safely assist with this procedure. We have developed a pulsed jet device that can be incorporated into a gastrointestinal endoscope. Here, we investigated the mechanical profile of the pulsed jet device and demonstrated the usefulness of this instrument in esophageal ESD in swine.MethodsThe device comprises a 5‐Fr catheter, a 14‐mm long stainless steel tube for generating the pulsed water jet, a nozzle and an optical quartz fiber. The pulsed water jet was generated at pulse rates of 3 Hz by irradiating the physiological saline (4°C) within the stainless steel tube with an holmium‐doped yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Ho:YAG) laser at 1.1 J/pulse. Mechanical characteristics were evaluated using a force meter. The device was used only for the part of submucosal dissection in the swine ESD model. Tissues removed using the pulsed jet device and a conventional electrocautery device, and the esophagus, were histologically examined to assess thermal damage.ResultsThe peak impact force was observed at a stand‐off distance of 40 mm (1.1 J/pulse). ESD using the pulsed jet device was successful, as the tissue specimens showed precise dissection of the submucosal layer. The extent of thermal injury was significantly lower in the dissected bed using the pulsed jet device.ConclusionThe results showed that the present endoscopic pulsed jet system is a useful alternative for a safe ESD with minimum tissue injury.
Cardiac surgery versus stenting: what is better for the patient?
Authors: Edelman J. James B. , Wilson Michael K. , Bannon Paul G. , Vallely Michael P. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPatterns of myocardial revascularization have changed significantly over the past decade. There has been a relative decrease of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) compared with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and some patients are undergoing PCI for coronary lesions traditionally reserved for CABG. The mid‐ to long‐term results of several trials comparing PCI with CABG have recently been published. For three‐vessel disease, CABG is superior to PCI, with lower rates of major adverse cardiac events. PCI may be equivalent to CABG for three‐vessel disease in the lowest disease complexity tercile (SYNTAX score <22; ∼20% of patients). This review focuses on the most recent evidence for myocardial revascularization in patients with multi‐vessel and left main coronary artery disease.
The effectiveness of probiotics for managing diarrhoea in people with HIV infection: a critically appraised topic
Authors: Guinane S 
Published: September 2012

ObjectivesThe implications of HIV infection are vast. Management of clinical symptomatology, though, cannot be overshadowed by focus on disease management. These must be managed in concert. Diarrhoea, a common complaint of HIV‐infected people, can be difficult to manage, and complicated further by polypharmacy. This review will critically appraise literature related to the management of diarrhoea with probiotics in HIV‐infected people.MethodsPubMed, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials investigating the use of probiotics in HIV‐infected people, which included diarrhoeal symptoms as a primary or secondary endpoint.ResultsThree randomized controlled trials and one randomized control cross‐over study were identified as best evidence. One study identified a statistically significant improvement in diarrhoea for those treated with probiotics. An additional study identified improvement in diarrhoea; however, a similar improvement was seen in those treated with placebo. Two studies did not identify a statistical difference for those treated with probiotics.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to allow a strong recommendation to be made for or against the use of probiotics for diarrhoea, but safety and lack of drug−drug interactions make it a reasonable option for some patients.
Last Millennium Climate and Its Variability in CCSM4
Authors: Landrum Laura , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Wahl Eugene R. , Conley Andrew , Lawrence Peter J. , Rosenbloom Nan , Teng Haiyan 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
An overview of a simulation referred to as the “Last Millennium” (LM) simulation of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), is presented. The CCSM4 LM simulation reproduces many large-scale climate patterns suggested by historical and proxy-data records, with Northern Hemisphere (NH) and Southern Hemisphere (SH) surface temperatures cooling to the early 1800s Common Era by ~0.5°C (NH) and ~0.3°C (SH), followed by warming to the present. High latitudes of both hemispheres show polar amplification of the cooling from the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) to the Little Ice Age (LIA) associated with sea ice increases. The LM simulation does not reproduce La Niña–like cooling in the eastern Pacific Ocean during the MCA relative to the LIA, as has been suggested by proxy reconstructions. Still, dry medieval conditions over the southwestern and central United States are simulated in agreement with proxy indicators for these regions. Strong global cooling is associated with large volcanic eruptions, with indications of multidecadal colder climate in response to larger eruptions. The CCSM4’s response to large volcanic eruptions captures some reconstructed patterns of temperature changes over Europe and North America, but not those of precipitation in the Asian monsoon region. The Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) has higher variance at centennial periods in the LM simulation compared to the 1850 nontransient run, suggesting a long-term Atlantic Ocean response to natural forcings. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability modes show little or no change. CCSM4 does not simulate a persistent positive NAO or a prolonged period of negative PDO during the MCA, as suggested by some proxy reconstructions.
Adaptation of alcohol and drug screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) to a department of intercollegiate athletics: The COMPASS project
Authors: Agley Jon , Walker Barbara B , Gassman Ruth A 
Published: September 2012

Objective: To develop and implement an intervention for problem alcohol and substance use among student athletes at a large Midwestern department of intercollegiate athletics in the USA, by use of screening, a brief intervention, referral to treatment (SBIRT) and motivational interviewing (MI). This paper outlines the development of the protocol, the way in which athletic staff members were trained to conduct SBIRT/MI interventions with student athletes who screened positive on the ASSIST screening tool, and the initial fidelity assessment used to demonstrate levels of athletic-staff learning and retention of the process. Design: The developmental phase of the project used focus groups. Athletic staff members were trained by a clinical psychologist, during two face-to-face sessions. The recorded practice sessions with student actors were assessed for adherence to project protocols and MI principles. Setting: This study was conducted at a large Midwestern university in the USA. Method: Four focus groups were held with a total of 29 individuals from distinct segments of the athletics department. Five athletic staff members were trained in SBIRT/MI. Each staff member completed between 4–8 practice sessions with student actors, which were later assessed for implementation fidelity. Results: In pilot testing with student actors, staff achieved “good” (µ ≥ 1.5 on a scale of 0–2) performance ratings on the majority of protocols and displayed mixed, but generally positive abilities to utilize MI techniques while avoiding MI-inconsistent behaviors. Conclusion: A relatively short training sequence can adequately prepare non-clinical staff members in an athletics department to be ready to deliver a SBIRT/MI-driven protocol to any future at-risk student-athletes identified by drug and alcohol screening.