bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfect periodic scheduling for three basic cycles
Authors: Kim Eun-Seok , Glass Celia A. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Periodic scheduling has many attractions for wireless telecommunications. It offers energy saving where equipment can be turned off between transmissions, and high-quality reception through the elimination of jitter, caused by irregularity of reception. However, perfect periodic schedules, in which each (of

$$n$$

n

) client is serviced at regular, prespecified intervals, are notoriously difficult to construct. The problem is known to be NP-hard even when service times are identical. This paper focuses on cases of up to three distinct periodicities, with unit service times. Our contribution is to derive a

$$O(n^4)$$

O
(

n

4

)

test for the existence of a feasible schedule, and a method of constructing a feasible schedule if one exists, for the given combination of client periodicities. We also indicate why schedules with a higher number of periodicities are unlikely to be useful in practice. This methodology can be used to support perfect periodic scheduling in a wide range in real world settings, including machine maintenance service, wireless mesh networks and various other telecommunication networks transmitting packet size data.
Femoral Bone Marrow Adiposity and Cortical Bone Cross‐Sectional Areas in Men With Motor Complete Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Gorgey Ashraf S. , Poarch Hunter J. , Adler Robert A. , Khalil Refka E. , Gater David R. 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesTo (1) quantify yellow and red bone marrow (BM) and cortical bone cross‐sectional areas (CSAs) of the femur in persons with motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI) compared with healthy able‐bodied control subjects and (2) determine the relationships between yellow and red BM, cortical CSAs, and thigh composition and measurements from dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry in men with complete SCI.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingsClinical hospital and academic settings.MethodsEight persons with motor complete SCI and 6 age‐matched healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging of both thighs to measure BM adiposity (BMA) and cortical CSA followed by whole‐body dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry to measure bone mineral density and body composition for the SCI group.ResultsCortical bone CSA adjusted to total subperiosteal bone CSA was 1.5‐2 times lower in men with SCI compared with able‐bodied control subjects across the femoral length (P =.003). Yellow BMA CSA was 2‐3 times greater in men with SCI compared with able‐bodied control subjects (P < .0001). Opposite relationships were found between the yellow BMA CSA and cortical bone CSAs in men with SCI (negative association) and able‐bodied control subjects (positive association). Yellow BMA was negatively associated with bone mineral density and bone mineral content and with skeletal muscle CSA and fat‐free mass (P <.05) in men with SCI. Finally, yellow BMA was positively related to thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue.ConclusionsAfter SCI, cortical bone CSA becomes thinner and is associated with greater accumulation of yellow BMA. Yellow BMA is associated with changes in bone CSA and bone mass, as well as increased fat mass, after SCI.
Equality, Democracy, Monogamy: Discourses of Canadian Nation Building in the 2010–2011 British Columbia Polygamy Reference
Authors: Sweet Joanna 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
This article examines how the 2010-2011 Reference re s 293, which considered the constitutionality of the polygamy prohibition, contributed to nation building discourses in Canada. A critical discourse analysis demonstrates that traditional views of monogamous marriage remain an important tenet of nation building in Canada. Discourses in the reference portrayed monogamous marriage as a central national institution and as a means of safeguarding women’s equality rights. These discourses, in turn, had racialized consequences for defining Canadian national identity.
« Des menottes sur des pansements » : La décriminalisation de la tentative de suicide dans les tribunaux du Québec entre 1892 et 1972
Authors: Cellard André , Chapdelaine Élise , Corriveau Patrice 
Published: May 2013

RésuméDepuis l’époque où le suicide était traité par la justice canadienne au même titre qu’un meurtre prémédité jusqu’à la décriminalisation de la tentative de suicide en 1972, l’évolution de la réaction sociale à l’endroit du comportement suicidaire a connu un renversement spectaculaire. À l’aide d’une analyse des procès pour tentative de suicide au Québec entre 1892 et 1972, nous analyserons dans cet article le déplacement de l’interprétation de la tentative de suicide dans les cours de justice. Nous verrons que si le droit et la science médicale s’opposent à l’occasion pour imposer leur explication de la tentative de suicide, ils ne s’excluent pas mutuellement, se renforçant parfois l’un l’autre. En outre, nous constaterons que la réaction sociale au comportement suicidaire avait commencé à migrer du judiciaire au médical au sein même des cours de justice appelées à juger les personnes accusées de tentative de suicide, procédant ainsi de facto à une décriminalisation avant l’heure.
Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the external auditory canal
Authors: Wickham N , Crawford A , Carney A S , Goss A N 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackground:Osteonecrosis is a benign condition characterised by necrotic exposed bone, and is associated with bisphosphonate use. Osteonecrosis of the external auditory canal is rare, with only a few reported cases.Method:Two case reports of temporal bone osteonecrosis are presented.Results:A 64-year-old man with a history of immunoglobulin G kappa multiple myeloma developed a right external auditory canal ulcer 6 years after commencement on clodronate. A 72-year-old woman taking alendronate for osteoporosis, initially diagnosed and treated for right-sided otitis externa, was found to have underlying exposed bone in the right external auditory canal, with a computed tomography scan confirming destruction of the temporal bone.Conclusion:With increasing use of both oral and intravenous bisphosphonates in the community for benign conditions such as osteoporosis and for malignant conditions such as breast cancer and multiple myeloma, the diagnosis of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis should always be considered in patients with a temporal bone lesion, and a relevant drug history taken.
Children's knowledge ofwh-quantification in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: ZHOU PENG 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTWh-words in Mandarin Chinese exhibit quantificational variability. Aside from a typical interrogative reading,wh-words can also have an existential indefinite reading or a universal reading. Which reading it is depends on the linguistic environments in which they occur. The present study investigates Mandarin-speaking children's sensitivity to the linguistic environments for the noninterrogative use ofwh-words: the existential reading and the universal reading. The results show that young children exhibited adultlike sensitivity to the licensing environments for the noninterrogative use ofwh-words. Given the difficulty that children may have in using the input data to learn the interpretation ofwh-words and the early emergence of this knowledge, we propose that the licensing mechanism for the noninterrogative use ofwh-words is innate.
Seasonal dynamics of tuberculosis epidemics and implications for multidrug-resistant infection risk assessment
Authors: LIN Y.-J. , LIAO C.-M. 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYUnderstanding how seasonality shapes the dynamics of tuberculosis (TB) is essential in determining risks of transmission and drug resistance in (sub)tropical regions. We developed a relative fitness-based multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB model incorporated with seasonality and a probabilistic assessment model to assess infection risk in Taiwan regions. The model accurately captures the seasonal transmission and population dynamics of TB incidence during 2006–2008 and MDR TB in high TB burden areas during 2006–2010 in Taiwan. There is ∼3% probability of having exceeded 50% of the population infected attributed to MDR TB. Our model not only provides insight into the understanding of the interactions between seasonal dynamics of TB and environmental factors but is also capable of predicting the seasonal patterns of TB incidence associated with MDR TB infection risk. A better understanding of the mechanisms of TB seasonality will be critical in predicting the impact of public control programmes.
Palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases: assessment of factors influencing dose-fractionation schedules at a UK cancer centre
Authors: Bhalla N. , Wong H. , Ibrahim A. , Green J. A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractContextMeta-analyses demonstrate single-fraction radiotherapy to be as effective as multi-fraction treatment in palliating painful bone metastases, although surveys suggest reluctance in prescribing single fractions.AimsAssess the factors influencing the choice of dose-fractionation regimen in an unselected population; examine retreatment rates and subsequent skeletal events.MethodsData were extracted from case notes for 120 patients treated in 2000 and 2006 in a single centre serving a defined population; analysis used χ2 and Fisher's exact statistical tests.ResultsAn 8 Gy fraction was the commonest regimen prescribed (single-fraction delivery rate 53·6%). Tumour site was a significant factor in choice of dose-fractionation schedule. Patients with metastatic breast carcinoma were significantly less likely to receive single-fraction treatment compared with those with metastatic lung carcinoma (year 2000: p = 0·038, 2006: p = 0·001). There was a significantly higher retreatment rate following single-fraction compared with multi-fraction treatment (11% versus 3%). There were two subsequent neural axis compressions and four pathological fractures.ConclusionsSingle-fraction treatment is the commonest regimen but multiple fractions are still frequently delivered. Better prognosis groups appear more likely to receive multi-fraction treatment, possibly to avoid the need for retreatment. Subsequent skeletal events are rare but carry high morbidity when they occur.
Analysis and implementation of a new soft switching DC/DC PWM converter
Authors: Lin Bor‐Ren , Chien Chih‐Cheng 
Published: May 2013

This study presents a new DC/DC converter with series‐connected transformers to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) for power switches, less transformer secondary winding and partial ripple current cancellation. Two three‐level circuits using the same active switches are operated with interleaved half switching cycle. The voltage stress of all switches is clamped at Vin/2. The transformers secondary windings are connected in series to balance the primary side currents. The current‐doubler rectifier is adopted on the output side. Thus, the output inductor ripple currents can be partially cancelled each other and the resultant ripple current at the output capacitor is reduced compared with the output ripple current of the centre‐tapped rectifier topology. Based on the resonant behaviour by the output capacitance of active switches and the leakage inductance (or external inductance), all power switches are turned on at ZVS. Laboratory experiments with a 1 kW prototype, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed converter, are described.
Two‐channel control of three‐phase inverters for distortion reduction
Authors: Padmavathi Lakshmanan , Janakiraman Panapakkam Arumugam 
Published: May 2013

A new two‐phase, independent control strategy for three‐phase three‐wire static inverters to reduce unbalance in output voltage is proposed. The three‐phase voltage and current signals are processed by the ideal Clarke transform block to yield two single‐phase signals, which contain information regarding unbalance and harmonics which may be present in the three‐phase signals. If the two single‐phase voltage signals could be controlled so that they become equal in magnitude with a phase shift of 90° (ideal alpha beta signals), then the corresponding terminal three‐phase voltage signals would become balanced. Single‐phase observers are employed to control the fundamental components in the two identical d‐q frames created. Simultaneously, when the harmonics are eliminated in the two single‐phase channels, the corresponding three‐phase voltage signals would become distortion free. Feed‐forward compensation can be carried out using the equivalent series‐impedance parameters, estimated on‐line using a simple identification algorithm. This procedure is not sensitive to frequency and can take care of the voltage drop in the distribution transformer. The simulation and experimental results for a field programmable gate array (FPGA) controlled 60 V table top inverter fabricated in the laboratory are provided.
Cooperative converter for improving the performance of grid‐connected photovoltaic power plants
Authors: Miñambres‐Marcos Víctor , Romero‐Cadaval Enrique , Guerrero‐Martínez Miguel Ángel , Milanés‐Montero María Isabel 
Published: May 2013

This study presents a new single‐phase topology for the power injection system of a grid‐connected photovoltaic generation system that is based on the parallel association of two voltage‐source inverters: one is a three‐level inverter with clamping diodes (or neutral point clamped) with a low switching frequency strategy (equal to the grid frequency) and the other is a two‐level inverter which operates with a current hysteresis band strategy and an usual switching frequency (5–20 kHz). The main advantage of the proposed topology is to optimise the system design, allowing high power injection with a significant reduction of system losses (mainly switching losses) and achieving an increase of the energy injected into the grid. The performance of the proposed topology and its control algorithms are tested and validated using a laboratory prototype.
Optimisation tools for large permanent magnet generators for direct drive wind turbines
Authors: Zavvos Aristeidis , McDonald Alasdair , Mueller Markus 
Published: May 2013

As wind turbines increase in power output, their size and mass grows as well. The development of offshore wind farms demands higher reliability to minimise the maintenance cost. Direct drive electrical generators offer a reliable alternative to conventional doubly fed induction generator machines since they omit the gearbox from the drive train. A fundamental issue for these generators is their large size which makes them difficult to manufacture, transfer and assemble. This study will investigate an analytical and a finite element analysis optimisation technique developed for minimising the structural mass of a direct drive generator. Both tools seek to minimise the mass of three different permanent magnet direct drive (PMDD) generators with 5 MW nominal power output while keeping a set of deflection criteria under limitations. The results indicate that the structural mass of a 5 MW PMDD generator can be effectively reduced with the help of these design tools. The research concludes in favour of a specific transversal flux PMDD topology, of which the electromagnetic topology benefits the structural design.
Feasibility study of photovoltaic powered reverse osmosis and pumping plant configurations
Authors: Carvalho Paulo C. M. , Carvalho Lucas A. D. , Hiluy Filho João J. , Oliveira Renato S. H. 
Published: May 2013

The present study has as main goal to make a technical and financial feasibility study of a photovoltaic powered reverse osmosis (PV–RO) and pumping system developed at the Renewable Energies Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, in Fortaleza, Brazil, with the aim to supply drinking water for human consumption at low cost from brackish water in semi‐arid areas. The research intends to determine parameters like drinking water production, specific energy consumption and specific costs, as well as the optimal system size regarding financial viability. The used configurations allow comparing two strategies: with and without batteries. The research was conducted with different levels of brackish water salinity, to identify a viability limit. The technical and financial analysis show that the unit produces satisfactory and competitive results, comparing with different plants in the world, concluding that, assuming a 2748 mg/l brackish water well, the configuration that brings the best cost/benefit is the no battery plant using 3 PV panels, which provides a daily production of 175 l of drinking water at 324.60 mg/l, with a specific consumption of 3.12 kWh/m3 and presenting a competitive specific cost of 10.32 US$/m3.
Aromatic plant species in agricultural production systems based on marginal soils.
Authors: Rao E. V. S. P. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Globally, agricultural production systems are under greater pressure than they were at any time in human history. Although agriculture is expected to feed the populations with nutritious food, land availability for food production is becoming limited. In addition, competition for agricultural lands from non-agricultural uses, the need for non-food commodities, degradation of soils, impending effects of climate change have necessitated proper management of natural resources for meeting the demands of mankind. In this context, one good strategy is to arrest degradation of natural resources including soils, economical use of marginal and degraded soils through diversification of agricultural crops for food and industrial and environmental purposes. Aromatic plants that yield essential oils that are used widely in flavour, fragrance and health-care industries have been considered important diversification candidates in such a scenario. Scientific evidences suggest that aromatic plants have multiple advantages in being adaptable to marginal/degraded soils and of having the ability to arrest some soil degradation processes. In order to derive optimum economic and ecological advantages of aromatic plants, it is necessary to develop proper cropping systems involving aromatic crops, identify most suitable agro-ecological conditions for their growth, develop good agronomic practices for their cultivation in marginal/degraded soils, adopt proper post-harvest processing methods and establish marketing channels. In this review, scientific evidence of suitability of some aromatic plant species to soils prone to erosion, low fertility, moisture stress conditions, salinity and sodicity, contamination are presented. Value-chain management of aromatic crops and their products in order to derive economic and ecological advantage is necessary.
Sex Differences in Residency of Adult Spotted Seatrout in a Louisiana Estuary
Authors: Callihan Jody L. , Cowan James H. , Harbison Michael D. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Spotted Seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus is the most highly sought after recreational species along the U.S. Gulf coast. However, movement information for this economically and ecologically important species is currently limited to data from mark–recapture studies. We used remote acoustic telemetry, a high-resolution, fisheries-independent technique, to examine the residency of adult Spotted Seatrout (n = 172) in a Louisiana estuary, Calcasieu Lake (∼300 km2). An estuarine-wide array of 60 receivers was deployed for a 2.5-year period (May 2007–October 2009) to detect and quantify how long fish were present in the estuary and determine the proportion of fish that emigrated from the system. We then determined how these metrics (detection period and emigration) were related to fish size, sex, and season of release. Emigration was highly seasonal and occurred exclusively during late spring and summer when water temperatures exceeded 24°C. Surprisingly, male Spotted Seatrout, regardless of their size, were more likely than females to “permanently” emigrate from the estuary (i.e., not return within the 1-year battery life of transmitters) as evidenced by their shorter mean detection periods (males = 134 d, females = 177 d) and higher incidence of emigration (29–42% of males, but only 14–16% of females emigrated). Assessment and management strategies for this species may be improved by explicitly considering this behavioral difference between sexes. Namely, conducting stock assessments at a finer spatial scale (i.e., estuarine-specific versus state-wide) appears warranted given the high estuarine fidelity of females (∼85%), which exacerbates their potential for localized depletions due to anthropogenic stressors (e.g., fishing pressure, habitat alteration, or pollution).
Received October 12, 2012; accepted February 26, 2013
PconsD: ultra rapid, accurate model quality assessment for protein structure prediction
Authors: Skwark Marcin J. , Elofsson Arne 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Summary: Clustering methods are often needed for accurately assessing the quality of modeled protein structures. Recent blind evaluation of quality assessment methods in CASP10 showed that there is little difference between many different methods as far as ranking models and selecting best model are concerned. When comparing many models, the computational cost of the model comparison can become significant. Here, we present PconsD, a fast, stream-computing method for distance-driven model quality assessment that runs on consumer hardware. PconsD is at least one order of magnitude faster than other methods of comparable accuracy.
Availability: The source code for PconsD is freely available at http://d.pcons.net/. Supplementary benchmarking data are also available there.
Contact: arne@bioinfo.se
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MetPP: a computational platform for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics
Authors: Wei Xiaoli , Shi Xue , Koo Imhoi , Kim Seongho , Schmidt Robin H. , Arteel Gavin E. , Watson Walter H. , McClain Craig , Zhang Xiang 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMotivation: Due to the high complexity of metabolome, the comprehensive 2D gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS) is considered as a powerful analytical platform for metabolomics study. However, the applications of GC×GC-TOF MS in metabolomics are not popular owing to the lack of bioinformatics system for data analysis.Results: We developed a computational platform entitled metabolomics profiling pipeline (MetPP) for analysis of metabolomics data acquired on a GC×GC-TOF MS system. MetPP can process peak filtering and merging, retention index matching, peak list alignment, normalization, statistical significance tests and pattern recognition, using the peak lists deconvoluted from the instrument data as its input. The performance of MetPP software was tested with two sets of experimental data acquired in a spike-in experiment and a biomarker discovery experiment, respectively. MetPP not only correctly aligned the spiked-in metabolite standards from the experimental data, but also correctly recognized their concentration difference between sample groups. For analysis of the biomarker discovery data, 15 metabolites were recognized with significant concentration difference between the sample groups and these results agree with the literature results of histological analysis, demonstrating the effectiveness of applying MetPP software for disease biomarker discovery.Availability: The source code of MetPP is available at http://metaopen.sourceforge.netContact: xiang.zhang@louisville.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.