bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Hearing Intervention Versus Health Education Control on Fatigue: A Secondary Analysis of the ACHIEVE Study
Authors: Bessen Sarah Y , Zhang Wuyang , Huang Alison R , Arnold Michelle , Burgard Sheila , Chisolm Theresa H , Couper David , Deal Jennifer A , Faucette Sarah P , Goman Adele M , Glynn Nancy W , Gmelin Theresa , Gravens-Mueller Lisa , Hayden Kathleen M , Mitchell Christine M , Pankow James S , Pike James R , Reed Nicholas S , Sanchez Victoria A , Schrack Jennifer A , Sullivan Kevin J , Coresh Josef , Lin Frank R , Martinez-Amezcua Pablo ,   for the ACHIEVE Collaborative Research Group
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundFatigue is a common complaint among older adults with hearing loss. The impact of addressing hearing loss on fatigue symptoms has not been studied in a randomized controlled trial. In a secondary analysis of the Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders (ACHIEVE) study, we investigated the effect of hearing intervention versus health education control on 3-year change in fatigue in community-dwelling older adults with hearing loss.MethodsParticipants aged 70–84 years old with untreated hearing loss recruited across 4 study sites in the United States (Forsyth County, North Carolina; Jackson, Mississippi; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Washington County, Maryland) were randomized (1:1) to hearing intervention or health education control and followed for 3 years. Three-year change in fatigue symptoms was measured by 2 instruments (RAND-36 and PROMIS). We estimated the intervention effect as the difference in the 3-year change in fatigue between intervention and control groups using a linear mixed-effects model under the intention-to-treat principle.ResultsParticipants (n = 977) had a mean age (SD) of 76.8 (4.0) years, were 53.5% female and 87.8% White. Over 3 years, a beneficial effect of the hearing intervention versus health education control on fatigue was observed using the RAND-fatigue score (β = −0.12 [95% CI: −0.22, −0.02]). Estimates also suggested beneficial effect of hearing intervention on fatigue when measured by the PROMIS-fatigue score (β = −0.32 [95% CI: −1.15, 0.51]).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that hearing intervention may reduce fatigue over 3 years among older adults with hearing loss.
Catecholaminergic Modulation of Metacontrol Is Reflected by Changes in Aperiodic EEG Activity
Authors: Gao Yang , Roessner Veit , Stock Ann-Kathrin , Mückschel Moritz , Colzato Lorenza , Hommel Bernhard , Beste Christian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
“Metacontrol” describes the ability to maintain an optimal balance between cognitive control styles that are either more persistent or more flexible. Recent studies have shown a link between metacontrol and aperiodic EEG patterns. The present study aimed to gain more insight into the neurobiological underpinnings of metacontrol by using methylphenidate (MPH), a compound known to increase postsynaptic catecholamine levels and modulate cortical noise.

Methods
In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study design, we investigated the effect of MPH (0.5 mg/kg) on aperiodic EEG activity during a flanker task in a sample of n = 25 neurotypical adults. To quantify cortical noise, we employed the fitting oscillations and one over f algorithm.

Results
Compared with placebo, MPH increased the aperiodic exponent, suggesting that it reduces cortical noise in 2 ways. First, it did so in a state-like fashion, as the main effect of the drug was visible and significant in both pre-trial and within-trial periods. Second, the electrode-specific analyses showed that the drug also affects specific processes by dampening the downregulation of noise in conditions requiring more control.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the aperiodic exponent provides a neural marker of metacontrol states and changes therein. Further, we propose that the effectiveness of medications targeting catecholaminergic signaling can be evaluated by studying changes of cortical noise, fostering the idea of using the quantification of cortical noise as an indicator in pharmacological treatment.
Do Foreign Military Deployments Provide Assurance? Unpacking the Micro-Mechanisms of Burden Sharing in Alliances
Authors: Sorg Alexander , Wucherpfennig Julian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
How do US foreign military deployments impact the defense policies of host states? Dominant scholarship holds that these deployments play a pivotal role in assuring allies that their security is guaranteed, which in turn leads host countries to neglect their national defense contributions. In this research note, we examine the micro-foundations of this conventional wisdom, investigating how nuclear and conventional troop deployments impact attitudes toward defense policies in (potential) host states. We highlight that the presumed linkage between assurance and free-riding critically implies that foreign military deployments must positively affect perceptions of security among host nations. We test this core logic, alongside some alternative pathways, at the micro level through two survey experiments that randomize hypothetical withdrawals (Germany) and deployments (Czech Republic). Although we find some evidence that foreign military deployments can decrease citizens’ subjective need for defense, the survey experiments also reveal that citizens hardly feel protected by these deployments. Thus, our results cast doubt on the core logic underlying the theory of free-riding in alliances.
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 isolates from blood and respiratory samples in Canada: CANWARD 2007–21
Authors: Schellenberg John J , Adam Heather J , Baxter Melanie R , Karlowsky James A , Golden Alyssa R , Martin Irene , Zhanel George G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Lower respiratory infections and invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 remain major clinical challenges around the world, despite widespread availability of updated vaccines.

Methods
As part of CANWARD, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and serotyping were performed on all S. pneumoniae isolates from 2007 to 2021. A subset of 226/264 (85.6%) serotype 3 isolates were selected for WGS to determine sequence type (ST)/clonal cluster (CC) and correspondence of antimicrobial resistance determinants (erm, mefAE, tetM, cat, folA, folP) with resistance phenotype.

Results
Of the 3,039 S. pneumoniae isolates obtained from 2007 to 2021, 8.7% (n = 264) were serotype 3, with 64.0% of respiratory origin and 36.0% from blood. Of 226 sequenced serotype 3 isolates, 184 (81.4%) were ST180 (GPSC12). The proportion of ST8561 (single locus variant of ST180) increased from 7.2% to 16.6% during the study period. An increasing proportion of serotype 3 isolates had phenotypic resistance (P = 0.0007) and genetic resistance determinants (P = 0.004), comparing 2017–21 to 2007–11, largely due to a recently expanded ST180 clade with cat, tetM and mef determinants.

Conclusions
S. pneumoniae serotype 3 from GPSC12 continues to dominate throughout Canada, with an increase in the proportion of ST8561. The proportion of serotype 3 isolates that are phenotypically resistant and with genetic resistance determinants is increasing over time, reflecting a global increase in GPSC12 genotypes with known resistance determinants. Phylogenomic characterization of isolates collected over time and from around the world may facilitate improved treatment and enhanced prevention strategies, including new vaccines with activity against S. pneumoniae serotype 3.
Evaluation of the In2Care Mosquito Station at low deployment density: a field study to manage Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in North Central Florida
Authors: McNamara Timothy D , Vargas Nicole , McDuffie Decyo , Bartz Cason E , Mosore Mba-tihssommah , Kline Daniel L , Buckner Eva A , Jiang Yongxing , Martin Estelle M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the last 2 decades, there has been an increase in the geographic range and frequency of vector-borne diseases. Management of mosquito populations has become challenging due to increasing rates of resistance to existing insecticidal products and formulations. Several alternative tools have emerged to suppress or replace mosquito populations. One of these tools is the In2Care Mosquito Station (In2Care station). This dual-action station contains the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen which disrupts the development of immatures and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (B. bassiana) strain GHA which kills exposed adult mosquitoes. The In2Care stations have previously been shown to effectively control Aedes aegypti in field settings at a density of 6 stations/acre rather than the label-recommended 10 stations/acre. To further test the efficacy of low station density deployment, we deployed In2Care stations in the Pleasant Street Historic District of Gainesville, Florida, at a density of 3 stations/acre over a period of 2 years in the presence or absence of ground larvicidal applications. The deployment of stations resulted in no measurable impact on Ae. aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus adult or immature abundance suggesting that the low-density deployment of In2Care stations is insufficient to reduce Ae. aegypti and Cu. quinquefasciatus abundance within treatment areas.
Typographic Hegemony and Bibliographical Monoculture: The Ascendancy of Mechanical Print in Modern Korea
Authors: Cho Hwisang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article explores how “Western” mechanical printing figured prominently in the expansion of imperialists’ interests in turn-of-the-twentieth-century Korea as both the main technological imperative and the hegemonic discourse. Negotiating and compromising with the native practices and deep history of print in Korea, the implantation of industrial printing fundamentally transformed the country’s literary cultures and epistemology. All participants in this change—Christian missionaries, Japanese colonizers, and Korean intellectuals—contributed to the domination of typography that gave rise to the circulation of printed matter on an unprecedented scale, which brought about the wide usage of the easy Korean alphabet and expanded readership even by women and nonelites. The discourse centering on typography as the symbol of modernity and progress also led the imperialists to redefine and recategorize Korean antiquarian books. The practices and projects that developed, such as Japanese collectors’ cannibalization of Korean books to put together imperial albums or binding Korean editions in Western styles, mirrored the colonial body politics that rendered the colonized inferior subjects in the material dimension. Typographic domination was vital to imperialists’ expansion in Korea not simply because it helped disseminate their ideas to Korean readers but also because it subordinated Korean written culture to the one introduced by the imperialist powers. More important, the typographic domination engineered by Japanese colonialists became so naturalized as to continue and shape the field of bibliography in postcolonial Korea, in what can be best described as bibliographical monoculture.
Afterword
Authors: Hunter Emma 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
What is at stake in exploring colonialism and print from the perspective of social history? This collection of articles shows how a social history perspective can tie together people, places, and themes that are often kept separate, opening new avenues of inquiry. As the editors argue in their introduction, by focusing on “the materiality of printing and the ground-level practices and “tactics” of production and circulation,” we can locate “histories of print within the world of comparative social analysis, rather than singularly within book, cultural, or intellectual history.” And, we might add, this in turn enables us to reach a deeper appreciation of the operation of colonial print and print’s place in the history of the modern world.
In this short afterword, I would like to pull together some of the themes that stand out for me in this collection, and what they might suggest in terms of ways forward for research. My perspective is as a historian of print culture, and more particularly print media, in twentieth-century Africa.
The frequency of transiting planetary systems around polluted white dwarfs
Authors: Robert Akshay , Farihi Jay , Van Eylen Vincent , Aungwerojwit Amornrat , Gänsicke Boris T , Redfield Seth , Dhillon Vikram S , Marsh Thomas R , Swan Andrew 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
This paper investigates the frequency of transiting planetary systems around metal-polluted white dwarfs using high-cadence photometry from ULTRACAM and ULTRASPEC on the ground and space-based observations with TESS. Within a sample of 313 metal-polluted white dwarfs with available TESS light curves, two systems known to have irregular transits are blindly recovered by box-least-squares and Lomb–Scargle analyses, with no new detections, yielding a transit fraction of $0.8_{-0.4}^{+0.6}$ per cent. Planet detection sensitivities are determined using simulated transit injection and recovery for all light curves, producing upper limit occurrences over radii from dwarf to Kronian planets, with periods from 1 h to 27 d. The dearth of short-period, transiting planets orbiting polluted white dwarfs is consistent with engulfment during the giant phases of stellar evolution, and modestly constrains dynamical re-injection of planets to the shortest orbital periods. Based on simple predictions of transit probability, where $(R_* + R_{\rm p})/a\simeq 0.01$, the findings here are nominally consistent with a model where 100 per cent of polluted white dwarfs have circumstellar debris near the Roche limit; however, the small sample size precludes statistical confidence in this result. Single transits are also ruled out in all light curves using a search for correlated outliers, providing weak constraints on the role of Oort-like comet clouds in white dwarf pollution.
Quantifying the randomness and scale invariance of the repeating fast radio bursts
Authors: Sang Yu , Lin Hai-Nan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The statistical properties of energy and waiting time carry essential information about the source of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs). In this paper, we investigate the randomness of energy and waiting time using four data samples from three extremely active repeating FRBs observed by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). We report the deviation from complete randomness of the burst activity using three statistics, i.e. Hurst exponent, Pincus index, and non-Gaussian probability density distribution of fluctuations. First, the Hurst exponent greater than 0.5 reveals that there is long-term memory in the time series of energy and waiting time. Second, the deviation of the Pincus index from 1.0 manifests that the time series is not completely random. Finally, the fluctuations of energy and waiting time follow the scale-invariant q-Gaussian distribution. All these statistical properties imply that, although the time series of repeating FRBs seems to be irregular, they are not completely random, similar to the features of self-organized criticality.
Gene Transfer Among Viruses Substantially Contributes to Gene Gain of Giant Viruses
Authors: Wu Junyi , Meng Lingjie , Gaïa Morgan , Hikida Hiroyuki , Okazaki Yusuke , Endo Hisashi , Ogata Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The phylum Nucleocytoviricota comprises a diverse group of double-stranded DNA viruses that display a wide range of gene repertoires. Although these gene repertoires determine the characteristics of individual viruses, the evolutionary processes that have shaped the gene repertoires of extant viruses since their common ancestor are poorly characterized. In this study, we aimed to address this gap in knowledge by using amalgamated likelihood estimation, a probabilistic tree reconciliation method that infers evolutionary scenarios by distinguishing origination, gene duplications, virus-to-virus horizontal gene transfer (vHGT), and gene losses. We analyzed over 4,700 gene families from 195 genomes spanning all known viral orders. The evolutionary reconstruction suggests a history of extensive gene gains and losses during the evolution of these viruses, notably with vHGT contributing to gene gains at a comparable level to duplications and originations. The vHGT frequently occurred between phylogenetically closely related viruses, as well as between distantly related viruses with an overlapping host range. We observed a pattern of massive gene duplications that followed vHGTs for gene families that was potentially related to host range control and virus–host arms race. These results suggest that vHGT represents a previously overlooked, yet important, evolutionary force that integrates the evolutionary paths of multiple viruses and affects shaping of Nucleocytoviricota virus gene repertoires.
RNA splicing as a biomarker and phenotypic driver of meningioma DNA-methylation groups
Authors: Leclair Nathan K , Choudury Abrar , Chen William C , Magill Stephen T , McCortney Kathleen , Horbinski Craig M , Chen Zhenhong , Goldschmidt Ezequiel , Eaton Charlotte D , Bulsara Ketan R , Bi Wenya Linda , Patel Akash J , Sahm Felix , Raleigh David , Anczukow Olga 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of meningiomas have led to significant gains in the ability to predict patient prognosis and tumor recurrence and to identify novel targets for therapeutic design. Specifically, classification of meningiomas based on DNA methylation has greatly improved our ability to risk stratify patients, however new questions have arisen in terms of the underlying impact these DNA-methylation signatures have on meningioma biology.

Methods
This study utilizes RNA-sequencing data from 486 meningioma samples corresponding to 3 meningioma DNA-methylation groups (merlin-intact, immune-enriched, and hypermitotic), followed by in vitro experiments utilizing human meningioma cell lines.

Results
We identify alterations in RNA splicing between meningioma DNA-methylation groups including individual splicing events that correlate with hypermitotic meningiomas and predict tumor recurrence and overall patient prognosis and compile a set of splicing events that can accurately predict DNA-methylation classification based on RNA-seq data. Furthermore, we validate these events using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in patient samples and meningioma cell lines. Additionally, we identify alterations in RNA-binding proteins and splicing factors that lie upstream of RNA splicing events, including upregulation of SRSF1 in hypermitotic meningiomas which we show drives alternative RNA splicing changes. Finally, we design splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides to target RNA splicing changes in NASP and MFF observed in hypermitotic meningiomas, providing a rationale for RNA-based therapeutic design.

Conclusions
RNA splicing is an important driver of meningioma phenotypes that can be useful in prognosticating patients and as a potential exploit for therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Racial distribution of molecularly classified brain tumors
Authors: Fang Camila S , Wang Wanyi , Schroff Chanel , Movahed-Ezazi Misha , Vasudevaraja Varshini , Serrano Jonathan , Sulman Erik P , Golfinos John G , Orringer Daniel , Galbraith Kristyn , Feng Yang , Snuderl Matija 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
In many cancers, specific subtypes are more prevalent in specific racial backgrounds. However, little is known about the racial distribution of specific molecular types of brain tumors. Public data repositories lack data on many brain tumor subtypes as well as diagnostic annotation using the current World Health Organization classification. A better understanding of the prevalence of brain tumors in different racial backgrounds may provide insight into tumor predisposition and development, and improve prevention.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the racial distribution of 1709 primary brain tumors classified by their methylation profiles using clinically validated whole genome DNA methylation. Self-reported race was obtained from medical records. Our cohort included 82% White, 10% Black, and 8% Asian patients with 74% of patients reporting their race.

Results
There was a significant difference in the racial distribution of specific types of brain tumors. Blacks were overrepresented in pituitary adenomas (35%, P &lt; .001), with the largest proportion of FSH/LH subtype. Whites were underrepresented at 47% of all pituitary adenoma patients (P &lt; .001). Glioblastoma (GBM) IDH wild-type showed an enrichment of Whites, at 90% (P &lt; .001), and a significantly smaller percentage of Blacks, at 3% (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Molecularly classified brain tumor groups and subgroups show different distributions among the three main racial backgrounds suggesting the contribution of race to brain tumor development.
Identification of High Linoleic Acid Varieties in Tetraploid perilla through Gamma-ray Irradiation and CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Park Mid-Eum , Choi Hyun-A , Lee Kyeong-Ryeol , Heo Jae Bok , Kim Hyun Uk 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Perilla [Perilla frutescens (L.) var frutescens] is a traditional oil crop in Asia, recognized for its seeds abundant in α-linolenic acid (18:3), a key omega-3 fatty acid known for its health benefits. Despite the known nutritional value, the reason behind the higher 18:3 content in tetraploid perilla seeds remained unexplored. Gamma irradiation yielded mutants with altered seed fatty acid composition. Among the mutants, DY-46-5 showed a 27% increase in 18:2 due to the 4-bp deletion of PfrFAD3b, and NC-65-12 displayed a 16% increase in 18:2 due to the loss of function of PfrFAD3a through a large deletion. Knocking out both copies of FATTY ACID DESATURASE3 (PfrFAD3a and PfrFAD3b) simultaneously using CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in an increase in 18:2 by up to 75% and a decrease in 18:3 to as low as 0.3% in seeds, emphasizing the pivotal roles of both genes in 18:3 synthesis in tetraploid perilla. Furthermore, diploid Perilla citriodora, the progenitor of cultivated tetraploid perilla, harbors only PfrFAD3b, with a fatty acid analysis revealing lower 18:3 levels than tetraploid perilla. In conclusion, the enhanced 18:3 content in cultivated tetraploid perilla seeds can be attributed to the acquisition of two FAD3 copies through hybridization with wild-type diploid perilla.
The risk of anaphylaxis on holidays
Authors: Ridolo Erminia , Barone Alessandro , Ottoni Martina , Nicoletta Francesca 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review
The goal of this review is to summarize the potential causes of anaphylaxis in the different holiday contexts, providing practical suggestions aimed to mitigate the stress challenged by allergic patients because of unfamiliar situations.

Recent findings
A regard was reserved to potential food triggers, particularly uncommon ones and typical of certain destinations, and to arthropods responsible for anaphylaxis.

Summary
This review highlights the potential risk of anaphylaxis due to the unusual contexts more experienced during holidays (i.e., travels, outdoor activities and eating out). Moreover, it underlines the need for a further allergological education in these cases, in order to prepare allergic patients to avoid and manage undesired situations.