bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Espaces sauvages et chasses royales dans le Nord de la Francie, VII ème-IX ème siècles
Authors: Hennebicque Régine 
Published: June 2015

A l'époque franque, les espaces sauvages du Nord de la Francie relèvent d'une véritable organisation de l'espace établie par le roi en fonction de contraintes alimentaires et sociologiques.
Contraintes alimentaires puisque les résidences royales ont été installées à proximité immédiate de grandes forêts où les souverains allaient chasser le gibier noble qui honorait leur table. A partir du VIIème siècle, ces espaces jadis publics ont même été réservés à l'usage royal par l'institution des "forestes".
Contraintes sociologiques aussi car l'étude des voyages carolingiens montre que ces derniers ne relèvent pas de nécessités alimentaires. Pour tenir son rang et assurer son pouvoir face à l'aristocratie, le roi doit disposer d'immenses espaces qui dépassent largement ses besoins mais lui permettent de circuler et chasser à son gré. Cette exploitation très extensive de vastes zones réservées est bien caractéristique des sociétés inégalitaires où règne la pénurie.
Den krænkede religion, Habermas, Honneth og profetens turban
Authors: Jakobsen Jonas 
Published: June 2015

Jeg diskuterer i denne artikel en række principielle spørgsmål angående det der kaldes «religionens genkomst» i det moderne demokrati. Mit hovedeksempel er den såkaldte «Muhammed-krise» (efterfølgende kaldet «karikaturkrisen»), som stadigvæk debatte­res med stor intensitet i nationale og internationale sammenhænge. De tre hovedspørg­smål lyder: (1) Hvilken plads kan religiøse synspunkter og ytringer gøre krav på i den demokratiske offentlighed? (2) Kan vi indholdsmæssigt fastsætte grænsen for religiøs blasfemi ved lov eller står den til løbende demokratisk debat? (3) I hvilken grad kan reli­giøse minoritetsgrupper kræve anerkendelse fra – og beskyttelse mod – majoritetskultu­ren i moderne, liberale demokratier? Til det første spørgsmål svarer jeg med Jürgen Habermas at religiøse grupper bør forsøge at oversætte deres holdninger til ikke-religiøse argumenter, samtidig med at denne oversættelse af forskellige årsager ikke kan fremtvin­ges retsligt eller afkræves som betingelse for demokratisk deltagelse. Mht. til det andet spørgsmål argumenterer jeg – igen med Habermas – for, at den konkrete anvendelse af abstrakte retsprincipper som ytringsfrihed og religionsfrihed kræver åben, demokratisk debat med bred deltagelse for athave legitimitet. Resultatet af denne debat kan godtvære et strengt syn på, hvad der tæller som blasfemisk, men muligheden for at kritisere dette syn – eller for generel religionskritik – kan ikke undertrykkesuden at gå kompromis med det liberale demokratis grundprincipper. Som svar på det tredje spørgsmål, og som et kritisk supplement til Habermas, fremfører jeg med Axel Honneth, at samfundsmæssig integration ikke skabes af demokratiske debatter alene. Der kræves også en vis før-dis­kursiv atmosfære af solidaritet: Religiøse minoritetsgrupper kan ganske vist ikke kræve juridisk beskyttelse af religiøse følelser, men de kan påpege «asymmetriske anerkendel­sesforhold», f.eks. ensidigt negative fremstillinger i medierne, som forringer deres mulighed for at bidrage til samfundet som anerkendte og anerkendende medborgere.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted Tetrahydrofurans through Diverted Carbene OH Insertion Reaction
Authors: Nicolle Simon M. , Lewis William , Hayes Christopher J. , Moody Christopher J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCopper‐ or rhodium‐catalyzed reactions of diazocarbonyl compounds with β‐hydroxyketones give highly substituted tetrahydrofurans with excellent diastereoselectivity. Under mild conditions, the single‐step process starts as a carbene OH insertion reaction, but is diverted by an intramolecular aldol reaction.
Copper‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Desymmetric Aryl CO Coupling for the Enantioselective Construction of Chiral Dihydrobenzofurans and Dihydrobenzopyrans
Authors: Yang Wenqiang , Liu Yangyuan , Zhang Shasha , Cai Qian 
Published: June 2015

AbstractO‐Heterocyclic structures such as 2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans are key motifs in many natural compounds and pharmaceuticals. Enantioselective formation of chiral dihydrobenzofurans and analogues was achieved through a copper‐catalyzed desymmetrization strategy with a chiral cyclic 1,2‐diamine. A broad range of substrates are compatible with this CuI‐diamine catalytic system and afford the desired coupling products with chiral tertiary or quaternary carbon centers in high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities under mild conditions.
Speckle observations with PISCO in Merate (Italy): XIV. Astrometric measurements of visual binaries in 2013 and new orbits for ADS 1097, 5871, 7203, 7775, 9378, 9578, and 11186
Authors: Scardia M. , Prieur J.‐L. , Pansecchi L. , Argyle R. W. , Zanutta A. , Aristidi E. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe present relative astrometric measurements of visual binaries made in 2013 with the speckle camera PISCO at the 102‐cm Zeiss telescope of Brera Astronomical Observatory, in Merate. Our observing list contains orbital couples as well as binaries whose motion is still uncertain. We obtained 134 new measurements of 129 visual binary stars, with angular separations in the range 0.≈23–5 and an average accuracy of 0.≈01. The mean error on the position angles is 0.°5. Most of the position angles were determined without the usual 180° ambiguity with the application of triple‐correlation techniques and/or by inspection of the long integration files. We also present new revised orbits for ADS 1097, 5871, 7203, 7775, 9378, 9578, and 11186, partly derived from PISCO observations. The corresponding estimated values for the masses of those systems are compatible with the spectral types. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Star formation rates and the kinematics of gas in the spiral arms of NGC 628
Authors: Gusev A. S. , Sakhibov F. , Efremov Yu. N. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe relations between star formation rates along the spiral arms and the velocities of gas inflow into the arms in the grand‐design galaxy NGC 628 were studied. We found that the radial distribution of the average star formation rate in individual star formation regions in regular spiral arms correlates with the velocity of gas inflow into the spiral arms. Both distributions have maxima at a galactocentric distance of 4.5–5 kpc. There are no correlations between the radial distributions of the average star formation rate in star formation regions in spiral arms and outside spiral arms in the main disc. We also did not find a correlation between the radial distribution of the average star formation rate in star formation regions in spiral arms and the H I column density. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis and application of boronic acid‐functionalized magnetic adsorbent for sensitive analysis of salbutamol residues in pig tissues
Authors: Fan Hua , Wang Chaozhan , Wei Yinmao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSalbutamol (SAL) is the most widely used β2‐agonist drug for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary patients, but it is also often abused as feed additive. In recent years, the abuse of SAL has led to a large number of food safety incidents. Therefore, the monitoring of SAL residues in animal products is very important. A highly selective boronate affinity magnetic adsorbent was synthesized and developed for detection of trace levels of SAL residues in pig tissue samples. The obtained Fe3O4@SiO2@FPBA(4‐formylphenylboronic acid) magnetic adsorbent showed good adsorption ability to catechol and SAL, and then it was successfully applied as special magnetic solid‐phase phase extraction adsorbent coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for simultaneous isolation and determination of cis‐diol compounds. The binding capacity of catechol and SAL reached 96 and 50 µmol/g, respectively. The method was successfully established for the detection of trace levels of SAL in pig tissue samples. The linear range extended from 0.32 to 800 µg/kg (R2 = 0.9994). The limit of detection of SAL was 0.19 µg/kg. The recoveries were satisfactory (89.5–108.0%) at three spiked levels with RSD between 2.1 and 11.3%. These results indicated that the method has potential for enrichment and detection of trace levels of SAL residual in animal food products. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Problem MetaHeuristic Solver: An educational tool aimed at studying heuristic optimization methods
Authors: Expósito‐Izquierdo Christopher , López‐Plata Israel , Moreno‐Vega J. Marcos 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we introduce Problem MetaHeuristic Solver (PMHS), a new educational software tool aimed at the generic study of the concepts related to the optimization field. Its relevance in this environment arises from the performed coverage of the main stages when solving optimization problems. Its modular architecture, graphical functionalities, interaction level, and wide flexibility give rise to its educational interest, allowing its adaptation to multitude of educational environments, being an assistant during the theoretical lectures as well as a transversal tool over the practical sessions. PMHS has been used during an undergraduate optimization course. The results obtained from the experience suggest that the tool improves the understanding of the theoretical concepts and reduces the workload of the students when implementing optimization methods. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 23:897–909, 2015; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21661
Imaging the Anisotropic Reactivity of a Tungsten Diselenide Photocathode
Authors: Eisenberg David 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe reported activity of a photoelectrode reflects all kinds of reactive sites, good or bad. To understand localized behavior, such as catalytic sites or recombination centers, methods for mapping the anisotropic surface photoreactivity are constantly sought. The layered crystal structure of tungsten diselenide, a small bandgap semiconductor of great importance to solar fuels research, makes it especially prone to step‐edge defects. Such steps are detrimental to photoelectrochemical performance. The first direct mapping of the photoreactivity of p‐doped WSe2 single crystals in solution by using scanning electrochemical microscopy under illumination (photo‐SECM) is presented herein. This nondestructive method reveals the anisotropic reactivity of step edges of p‐WSe2 photocathodes, which serve as sites for both dark oxidation and lowered photoreduction in the dark and under illumination.
New Semiconducting Polymer Based on Benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]diselenophene Donor and Diketopyrrolopyrrole/Isoindigo Acceptor Unit: Synthesis, Characterization and Photovoltaics
Authors: Xu Zhongjie , Shi Guozheng , Yuan Jianyu , Glenn Emily , Wang Hai‐Qiao , Ma Wanli 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTwo new D‐A type polymers PBDSe‐DPP and PBDSe‐ID were synthesized to explore new ideal semiconducting polymers, by conjugating acceptor unit diketopyrrolopyrrole/isoindigo to a donor unit benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]diselenophene, which is designed by substituting the sulfur atom with a selenium atom in the benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene. The thermal, optical, electrochemical, photoelectric and photovoltaic properties of the two polymers were studied systematically. Relatively high open circuit voltage (0.7 and 0.75 V) and fill factor (>65%) were demonstrated for both polymers. Huge increase (by 64% and 120%) of the short circuit current density was achieved for both polymer based devices by using additive compared to the corresponding reference without additive, resulting in decent power conversion efficiency of 3.7% and 2.5% respectively with only simple optimizing consideration. We believe this class of BDSe polymer possesses a good potential to be alternatives of active material for photovoltaic applications.
Prediction of cerebrospinal fluid parameters for tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Zou Yueli , He Junying , Guo Li , Bu Hui , Liu Yajuan 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundTuberculous meningitis is the most lethal form of tuberculosis, but current diagnostic methods are inadequate. The measurement of cerebrospinal fluid parameters can provide early information for diagnosis. The present study focus on the validity of the cut‐off value of cerebrospinal fluid parameters according to the Lancet consensus of scoring system for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.MethodA total of 100 confirmed patients were enrolled in this study. We evaluated significance of protein level (>1 g/l), chloride level (<120 mmol/l), glucose level (<2.2 mmol/l), cell counts (10–500 cells/μl, lymphocytic pleocytosis (>50%), and neutrophil predominance (>50%) in early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.ResultThe cerebrospinal fluid parameters were significantly different between the tuberculous meningitis group and the control group. The independent factors for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis were protein level (>1 g/l), glucose level (<2.2 mmol/l), cell counts (10–500 cells/μl and neutrophil predominance >50%). Neutrophil predominance (>50%) performed the best with the area under the curve of 89.7%. The sensitivity of protein level (>1 g/l), glucose level (<2.2 mmol/l), cell counts (10–500 cells/μl) and neutrophil predominance (>50%) for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis were 66%, 58%, 86%, and 54%, and the specificity were 84%, 98%, 32%, and 98%. There are 84% patients in tuberculous meningitis group at least having two positive parameters among the four independent parameters, while only 10% in control group.ConclusionThe cerebrospinal fluid parameters can help the clinicians to make a prompt diagnosis in the early stage of the disease. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:701–704. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Vinylnickel and Nickelacyclopropane Complexes Containing a Chelate [P,Se]‐Ligand
Authors: Zhou Hongwei , Sun Hongjian , Zheng Tingting , Zhang Shumiao , Li Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe reaction of 2‐(diphenylphosphanyl)benzeneselenol with Ni(PMe3)4 yielded the hydridonickel(II) complex [Ph2P(C6H4)Se]NiH(PMe3)2 (1). The insertion reactions of 1 with alkynes have been investigated. The vinylnickel complexes [Ph2P(C6H4)Se]Ni(CPh=CH2)(PMe3) (2) and [Ph2P(C6H4)Se]Ni(CCH3=CHPh)(PMe3) (3) were obtained by reacting phenylacetylene and 1‐phenyl‐1‐propyne with 1. The nickelacyclopropane complexes [Ph2P(C6H4)Se]Ni[Ph(PMe3)C–CHPh] (4), [Ph2P(C6H4)Se]Ni[(SiMe3)(PMe3)C–CH2] (5) and 6 (6A and 6B) containing an ylidic ligand were obtained by reacting diphenylacetylene, (trimethylsilyl)acetylene, and 1‐phenyl‐2‐(trimethylsilyl)acetylene with 1. The molecular structures of 1–5 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Pd‐Catalysed Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatics Using (Poly)halobenzenesulfonyl Chlorides as Coupling Partners: One Step Access to (Poly)halo‐Substituted Bi(hetero)aryls
Authors: Skhiri Aymen , Beladhria Anissa , Yuan Kedong , Soulé Jean‐Francois , Ben Salem Ridha , Doucet Henri 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe reactivity of (poly)halo‐substituted benzenesulfonyl chlorides for Pd‐catalysed desulfitative arylation was investigated. 2‐, 3‐ and 4‐bromobenzenesulfonyl chlorides react nicely to afford arylated heteroarenes in moderate to high yields without cleavage of the C–Br bonds, allowing further transformations. A minor influence upon reaction yeilds was found to be exerted by the bromo substituent on the benzene ring. Even 4‐iodobenzenesulfonyl chloride, di‐ and tri‐bromobenzenesulfonyl chlorides were successfully coupled with a range of heteroarenes without cleavage of the C–Br or C–I bonds and very regioselective arylations were observed in all cases. The reaction was also found to tolerate bromo substituents on the heteroarene.
Nucleophilic‐Bisphosphine‐Catalysed One‐Pot Sequential [4+2]/[4+2] Annulation of an Allenoate with Benzylidenepyrazolones
Authors: Jia Yu , Tang Xiao , Cai Guowei , Jia Ruxuan , Wang Boran , Miao Zhiwei 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAn efficient bisphosphine‐catalysed sequential [4+2]/[4+2] annulation reaction of a γ‐benzyl allenoate with benzylidenepyrazolones has been developed. Under the catalysis of DPPB [1,3‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)butane], the [4+2]/[4+2] annulation proceeded smoothly to give spiro‐pyrazolidinone derivatives in moderate yields. This protocol provides a simple and practical strategy for the construction of highly substituted 2H‐spiro[naphthalene‐pyrazole] skeletons.
Minimizing Basel III Capital Requirements with Unconditional Coverage Constraint
Authors: Kleinknecht Manuel , Ng Wing Lon 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThe new Basel III framework increases the banks’ market risk capital requirements. In this paper, we introduce a new risk management approach based on the unconditional coverage test to minimize the regulatory capital requirements. Portfolios optimized with our new minimum capital constraint successfully reduce the Basel III market risk capital requirements. In general, portfolios with value‐at‐risk and conditional‐value‐at‐risk objective functions and underlying empirical distribution yield better portfolio risk profiles and have lower capital requirements. For the optimization we use the threshold‐accepting heuristic and the common trust‐region search method.
Consumer Attachments to Human Brands: The “Oprah Effect”
Authors: Loroz Peggy Sue , Braig Bridgette M. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTHuman brands offer an interesting complement to product brands in that consumer attachments to human brands take on personal relationship qualities that can engender greater affiliation and loyalty. At present, one of the most powerful human brands in the developed world is that of Oprah Winfrey. This research uses the Oprah brand as a context in which to explore and expand the existing model of human brand attachment because of the enduring strength and consistency of how she has cultivated her brand. The existing model of human brand attachment identifies autonomy, relatedness, and competence as the antecedents of attachment strength. However, the expanded model in the current research introduces and validates brand personality appeal (and its sub‐dimensions of favorability, originality, and clarity) as an important moderating factor in the relationship between these antecedents of attachment and attachment outcomes. Two studies utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data investigate the impact of these factors on attachment strength as manifested in emotional attachment behaviors, markers of relationship quality, and marketplace responses in the form of brand loyalty and purchase intentions.
Computational Fluid Dynamics–Habitat Suitability Index (CFD–HSI) Modelling as an Exploratory Tool for Assessing Passability of Riverine Migratory Challenge Zones for Fish
Authors: Haro A. , Chelminski M. , Dudley R. W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe developed two‐dimensional computational fluid hydraulics–habitat suitability index (CFD–HSI) models to identify and qualitatively assess potential zones of shallow water depth and high water velocity that may present passage challenges for five major anadromous fish species in a 2.63‐km reach of the main stem Penobscot River, Maine, as a result of a dam removal downstream of the reach. Suitability parameters were based on distribution of fish lengths and body depths and transformed to cruising, maximum sustained and sprint swimming speeds. Zones of potential depth and velocity challenges were calculated based on the hydraulic models; ability of fish to pass a challenge zone was based on the percent of river channel that the contiguous zone spanned and its maximum along‐current length. Three river flows (low: 99.1 m3 sec‐1; normal: 344.9 m3 sec‐1; and high:792.9 m3 sec‐1) were modelled to simulate existing hydraulic conditions and hydraulic conditions simulating removal of a dam at the downstream boundary of the reach. Potential depth challenge zones were nonexistent for all low‐flow simulations of existing conditions for deeper‐bodied fishes. Increasing flows for existing conditions and removal of the dam under all flow conditions increased the number and size of potential velocity challenge zones, with the effects of zones being more pronounced for smaller species. The two‐dimensional CFD–HSI model has utility in demonstrating gross effects of flow and hydraulic alteration, but may not be as precise a predictive tool as a three‐dimensional model. Passability of the potential challenge zones cannot be precisely quantified for two‐dimensional or three‐dimensional models due to untested assumptions and incomplete data on fish swimming performance and behaviours. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Laparoscopic Management of Choledochal Cyst‐Technical Modifications and Outcome Analysis
Authors: Senthilnathan Palanisamy , Patel Nikunj D. , Nair Arun S. , Nalankilli V. P. , Vijay Anand , Palanivelu Chinnusamy 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundCholedochal cyst (CDC) is a well described albeit rare clinical entity. Complete cyst excision with biliary‐enteric reconstruction is the recommended treatment for Todani type I, II, and IVA cysts to prevent complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes of laparoscopic CDC excision from a tertiary care center.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 110 patients who underwent laparoscopic cyst excision and biliary‐enteric reconstruction for CDC type I and IVA from 1998 to 2013.ResultsOut of 110 patients, 55 were children (<16 years) and 55 were adults (>16 years) with mean age 21.19 ± 17.75 years and male:female ratio of 1:2.14. Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom (59.09 %). Surprisingly, 32.73 % of adults presented with incidentally detected cyst. Type I cyst was the most common (71.82 %) with mean size of 4.67 ± 1.59 cm. Blood loss (56.0 ± 16.62 vs. 76.55 ± 26.61 ml) and operative time (199.8 ± 44.66 vs. 251.6 ± 54.25 min) were significantly low in pediatric group. Three adults required conversion. Overall complication rate was 10 %. Re‐exploration rate was 1.81 % with one patient died post‐operatively. Mean hospital stay was significantly low in children (5.9 ± 1.39 vs. 7.0 ± 2.66 days). Median follow‐up was 60 months (8–110). Cholangitis developed in six patients with three having anastomotic stricture requiring intervention.ConclusionLaparoscopic excision of CDC is safe and feasible. Surgery should be performed early as outcomes are better in pediatric age as compared to adults.