bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Cardiac Vagal Activity and Mood After Low-Dose Hypoxic Gas Inhalation in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Lee Dongmin , Yamazaki Yudai , Kuwamizu Ryuta , Aoike Naoki , Okamoto Masahiro , Kato Morimasa , Soya Hideaki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Developing mindfulness-based strategies to efficiently improve cardiac vagal activity (CVA) is crucial for enhancing mood and managing stress. Recent studies have suggested that inhaling hypoxic gas could enhance CVA. However, the dynamics of CVA in response to acute hypoxia remain unelucidated, indicating that the proper hypoxic conditions expected to trigger the hormetic stress effect on CVA are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the hypoxic conditions required to improve CVA and mood following hypoxia.
Methods
Twenty-one healthy adults were assigned to participate in both hypoxic (NH) and normoxic (NN) conditions. Heart rate variability, saturation of percutaneous oxygen (SpO2), and mood were monitored across the following sessions: Pre (5 min), Hypoxia1–2 (10 min; NH, fraction of inspiratory oxygen (FIO2): 13.5% or NN, FIO2: 20.9%), and Post1–4 (20 min). The Baevsky stress index (SI) was incorporated into the square root. For time domain analysis of CVA, both the standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) were utilized.
Results
In the NH condition, SpO2 decreased to 88.1 ± 0.6 during hypoxia, accompanied by reductions in log transformed (ln) SDNN and lnRMSSD. After hypoxia, both indicators rebounded, exhibiting a supercompensation phenomenon. Pleasure levels declined during hypoxia but rapidly rebounded afterward, which was linked to fluctuations in lnRMSSD and SI.
Conclusion
We discovered that acute short-term inhalation of low-dose hypoxic gas with an FIO2 of 13.5% enhances both CVA and mood following hypoxia. This strategy could provide a practical resilience-building method.
Cervical Cancer Screening: Awareness and Barriers Among University Students in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Brighton Meshack Mushobozi , Nhungo Charles John , Frumence Gasto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a global public health concern in 2020 and beyond. It is the 4th most frequent cancer in women and stands in the 8th place in terms of most commonly prevalent cancer globally. CC starts in the cervix and is mainly caused by high-risk strains of Human-Papilloma Virus (HPV), which are sexually transmitted. In Tanzania, there is insufficient knowledge and concerns about attitudes and perceived convenience among students regarding CCS despite the increasing incidence of the disease.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceived convenience of cervical cancer screening among university female students in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Methods: Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 183 respondents who were randomly selected. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the participants' knowledge of cervical cancer, their attitudes toward screening, and their perceptions of the convenience of undergoing cervical cancer screening. Information related to demographics and past screening experiences was also included in the questionnaire. Data analysis included both descriptive and inferential statistical methods to examine the responses and identify factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and perceived convenience.
Results: Among the 183 participants, 94% were aware of cervical cancer, and 56.9% knew about its risk factors. Knowledge about screening was limited to 36.5%, but a noteworthy 88.5% had a positive attitude towards it. There is a very weak positive correlation between the perceived convenience of the test in terms of female university students’ confidence in the physician’s ability to perform a Pap smear correctly and the rate of cervical cancer screening (r(155) = 0.352; P<0.01). Students’ perception of cervical cancer screening was influenced by personal experiences with the disease (P = 000), and their level of awareness correlated with participation in the screening program (P ≤ 0.01).
Conclusion: Despite awareness and positive attitudes, a knowledge gap hampers cervical cancer screening, hindering Pap smear uptake. Healthcare practitioners should prioritize awareness and education, involving nurses who are in the front line in performing cervical cancer screening in awareness campaigns and specialized programs. Authorities should develop strategies to enhance knowledge and prevent cervical cancer in young females.
GCP-YOLOv7: Lightweight underwater target detection model based on YOLOv7
Authors: Gao Yu , Li Zhanying , Zhang Kangye , Kong Lingyan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Currently, underwater organism detection tasks are generally carried out with mobile devices. In the field of underwater target detection, it is difficult to deploy the detection model to mobile devices due to the large parameters. The GCP-YOLOv7 based on YOLOv7 was proposed in this paper to cope with problems such as the difficulty of detecting underwater targets in mobile devices and the limitation of hardware resources. Firstly, the ELAN module in the Neck part was lightened by the GhostNetV2 module to reduce model parameters and computation. Secondly, to solve the problems of missing features and lower accuracy that the lightened network may have in collecting feature information, we added the CA attention module after the improved ELAN module to prevent feature missing. Finally, we adopted a 50% pruning rate to prune the overall improved model to reduce the model parameters and computation. Compared with the YOLOv7, the parameters and computation of the GCP-YOLOv7 are reduced by 4.25 and 4.08 times, respectively, and the accuracy is improved by 2.8%.
A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis of Big Data and Cyber Security: Intellectual Structure, Trends, and Global Collaborations
Authors: Koca Murat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The increasing intertwining of Big Data and Cybersecurity highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of the scientific landscape in these critical areas. This article presents a rigorous bibliometric analysis that aims to unravel the intellectual structure of Big Data and Cyber Security, shedding light on important trends, influential authors, and emerging themes. In this context, using the keywords Big Data and Cyber Security published between 1975-2024, the Web of Science database was analyzed. According to the study, the Web of Science database indexed its first publication in 2007, with a total of 2.889 publications to date. Bibliometric analysis covers publication trends, citation patterns, authorship networks, and thematic development of research. Through this review, the article identifies key studies, maps collaborative networks, and provides a detailed overview of the global research landscape. Additionally, the study also addresses international collaboration, providing insights into the global distribution of research contributions. The findings not only contribute to the current understanding of Big Data and Cyber Security, but also provide actionable information for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.
Multi-Wavelength Study of Supernova Remnant SN386 (G7.7-3.7)
Authors: Mwaniki Patrick N. , Wamalwa Dismas S. , Kinyua Dickson M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We present a comprehensive multi-wavelength study of Supernova Remnant SN386 (G7.7-3.7), integrating existing observations from radio, X-ray, and optical wavelengths. Radio observations from MOST and VLA reveal a nearly circular shell with extended bright regions in the west and south borders, while MeerKAT observations reveal thin filaments with faint blowouts along the perimeter. The blowouts suggest the localized magnetic field weakening at the boundaries of G7.7-3.7 and non-uniform mass outflow from the progenitor star. The radio emission analysis indicates a flat spectrum, \(\alpha\) \(\simeq\) -0.32, with a steep spectral index, $\alpha$ $\simeq$-0.6, at the west border. MeerKAT polarization studies reveal magnetic field orientation aligned along the filaments rather than the overall shell structure as in MOST. X-ray morphology unveils a non-uniform distribution of X-ray emissions with bright arc-like features corresponding to southern radio emissions. The X-ray spectroscopic analysis shows that the arc-like feature is characterized by under-ionized plasma with low ionization timescale, 2.4 \(^{+1.1}_{-1.3}\) \(\times\) 10 \(^{10}\) cm \(^{-3}\) s, inferring a shocked age of 1.2 ± 0.6 kyr consistent with the supernova of 386 CE. Optical observations reveal filamentary structures aligned in the east-west direction with X-ray emission in H$\alpha$ + [NII], [OIII] and [SII] narrow-band filters. Optical long slit spectroscopy of one filament reveals [SII]/H$\alpha$ = (1.6-2.5) expected for shock-heated SNR and [NII]/H$\alpha$ greater than 2 indicating a gas enriched in nitrogen, suggesting collision with circumstellar material forming optical filaments. The study suggests a multi-faceted nature of G7.7-3.7, with localized weakening of magnetic field on the edges of non-uniform mass outflow, expanding in non-uniform density ISM and interacting with ISM mixed with circumstellar material.
Individual Differences in the Effects of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation on Intertemporal Decision-Making and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Children
Authors: Cha Jiook , Park Junghoon , Cho Minje , Lee Eunji , Kim Bo-Gyeom , Kim Gakyung , Joo Yoonjung 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study elucidates the influence of socioeconomic environments on neurodevelopment and psychiatric vulnerability in children. Employing advanced machine learning-based causal inference (IV Forest), we analyzed the impact of neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation on delay discounting and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) among 2,135 children. Our findings reveal that greater neighborhood deprivation correlates with increased future reward discounting and elevated PLEs, particularly hallucinational symptoms, over 1-year and 2-year follow-ups. Vulnerable children in these settings exhibited notable neuroanatomical changes, including reduced limbic volume, surface area, and white matter, and heightened BOLD reactivity in the prefrontal-limbic system during reward tasks. These findings highlight the complex interplay between environmental factors and brain reward mechanisms in shaping PLE risk, advocating for early, targeted interventions in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. This research not only extends our understanding of environmental influences on child psychology but also guides personalized intervention strategies and prompts reflection on broader societal impacts.
Optimizing Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration: Clinical Determinants and Health Outcomes in Infants from Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Mabadeje Oluwatosin Francisca , Adekola Temitope Racheal , Olasehinde Olusanya , Binang Helen B. , Nwaogu Precious Udoka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding, especially exclusive infant breastfeeding is universally recognized for its essential benefits in promoting infant health and development. However, there is a paucity of knowledge of key factors influencing its practice in developing nations. This study investigates exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practices, socio-economic factors influencing breastfeeding and health outcomes in Edo State, Nigeria.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Edo State, Nigeria, encompassing urban and rural settings. Data were collected from 257 mothers with infants aged 0-12 months using a standardized questionnaire adapted from the National Health and Demographic Survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0, with descriptive and multivariate logistic regression identifying factors influencing EBF practices. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed.Results:An overwhelming majority of respondents (99.6%) acknowledged the importance of breastfeeding for child health. Despite this, breastfeeding practices varied, influenced by socio-economic challenges and support availability. About 69.4% of children had never been diagnosed with any health conditions, and 93.7% had never been hospitalized for such conditions. Among the respondents, 68 mothers practiced EBF for 0-5 weeks, 77 for 6-10 weeks, and 83 for more than 11 weeks. Significant multivariate effects were observed for occupation (F = 3.179, p = 0.025), family income (F = 3.152, p = 0.026), parity (F = 3.055, p = 0.029), birth information (F = 7.304, p < 0.001), and EBF (F = 87.605, p <0.001). The most common health issues leading to hospitalization included severe jaundice, respiratory infections, and congenital anomalies. Economic activities and family support were cited as crucial in overcoming breastfeeding challenges. The prevalence of positive health outcomes and low hospitalization rates underscores the protective effects of breastfeeding amid socio-economic constraints.Conclusion: The study highlights a strong community awareness of the benefits of breastfeeding, coupled with relatively positive child health outcomes in Edo State. However, economic and support-related challenges persist, affecting sustained breastfeeding practices. Strengthening healthcare services, supporting economic stability for mothers, and enhancing educational and community support systems are recommended to improve breastfeeding outcomes and, consequently, child health.
Insights into the Pace-of-Life Syndrome hypothesis: Exploring the Influence of personality on Movement Ecology in Crotalus atrox
Authors: Cunha Oceane Da , Mead Joshua J. , Sanchez Braulio A. , Pollard Kajaya J. , Johnson Jerry D. , Seymoure Brett M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis predicts individuals, populations, and species that experience different ecological conditions will differ in spatial ecology resulting in contrasting life history strategies. We investigated the effect of personality on spatial ecology of the western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox), and tested the predictions that bolder, more active, and exploratory individuals will move more and have larger territories compared to shyer, less active individuals. We tracked 14 rattlesnakes for one year and assessed their personality in captivity across four different axes: activity, boldness, exploration, and reactivity. Bolder and more active individuals travelled more than shy, less active individuals, but only during the non-mating season. Shy individuals increased movement significantly more than bold individuals during the mating season, thus leading to no significant difference in movements between shy and bold individuals during the mating season. Moreover, less bold and less active individuals were more responsive to changes in reproductive status. These results suggest the existence of two different strategies for resources acquisition within the same population, indicating that the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis may be context-dependent. Ultimately, we show that the existence of different life-history strategies within the same population are dependent upon the reproductive status of these individuals.
Mental health practitioners’ perceptions and adoption intentions of AI-enabled technologies: an international mixed-methods study
Authors: Cecil Julia , Kleine Anne-Kathrin , Lermer Eva , Gaube Susanne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:As mental health disorders continue to surge, exceeding the capacity of available therapeutic resources, the emergence of technologies enabled by artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions for supporting and delivering patient care. However, there is limited research on mental health practitioners’ understanding, familiarity, and adoption intentions regarding these AI technologies. We, therefore, examined to what extent practitioners’ characteristics are associated with their learning and use intentions of AI technologies in four application domains (diagnostics, treatment, feedback, and practice management). These characteristics include medical AI readiness with its subdimensions, AI anxiety with its subdimensions, technology self-efficacy, affinity for technology interaction, and professional identification.Methods:Mixed-methods data fromN= 392 German and US practitioners, encompassing psychotherapists (in training), psychiatrists, and clinical psychologists, was analyzed. A deductive thematic approach was employed to evaluate mental health practitioners’ understanding and familiarity with AI technologies. Additionally, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationship between practitioners’ characteristics and their adoption intentions for different technologies.Results: Qualitative analysis unveiled a substantial gap in familiarity with AI applications in mental healthcare among practitioners. While some practitioner characteristics were only associated with specific AI application areas (e.g., cognitive readiness with learning intentions for feedback tools), we found that learning intention, ethical knowledge, and affinity for technology interaction were relevant across all four application areas, making them key drivers for the adoption of AI technologies in mental healthcare.Conclusion: In conclusion, this pre-registered study underscores the importance of recognizing the interplay between diverse factors for training opportunities and consequently, a streamlined implementation of AI-enabled technologies in mental healthcare.
The Prevalence of High-Stress Paint-Only Bike Lanes in 442 U.S. Cities
Authors: Garber Michael D , Passmore Reid , Crist Katie , Rojas-Rueda David , Benmarhnia Tarik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The most common on-road bicycling facility in the U.S. is the paint-only bike lane, yet these lanes may not necessarily provide an inviting bicycling environment for all ages and abilities of potential bicyclists. Many such lanes in the U.S. are on roads with a level of traffic stress exceeding what most potential bicyclists would tolerate, but the prevalence of high traffic stress on paint-only bike lanes in the U.S. has not been described.
Objective
We measure the prevalence of high traffic stress on paint-only bike lanes in U.S. cities and assess variation in this measure by socioeconomic and geographical characteristics.
Methods
We gathered data on the level of bicycling stress created by PeopleForBikes from 442 U.S. cities. Using OpenStreetMap data, PeopleForBikes classifies how stressful a roadway would be for most adults to ride on following established criteria. We defined the high-stress prevalence on paint-only bike lanes as the proportion of the total lane-length of paint-only bike lanes classified as high stress. We performed robustness checks to address potential limitations of OpenStreetMap.
Results
After adjusting for potential overestimation due to missing data, 61% of the length of paint-only bike lanes were high stress. This prevalence was highest in the South (65%) and West (64%) and lowest in the Northeast (25%).
Conclusions
On most paint-only bike lanes in the U.S., most adults would not feel comfortable bicycling. Reducing this stress prevalence could not only improve the appeal and safety of bicycling but could also improve the safety and climate-resilience of the broader transportation system.
Repurpose Macelignan as a Potential Drug candidate for Alzheimer’s disease: In-Silico Study
Authors: Pradhan Rezina , Shrestha Asmita , Upadhyaya Siddha Raj , Khatiwada Ranju , Chauhan Jashuda , Poudel Pramod , Sharma Khaga Raj , Parajuli Niranjan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the key enzyme that breaks down and deactivates acetylcholine, thereby regulating the concentration of neurotransmitters at the synapses. Inhibition of AChE is considered a potential approach for treating Alzheimer’s disease. The plethora of natural products is undoubtedly a possible source of AChE inhibitors. Given the adverse side effects of currently marketed medications, we sought to investigate 94 compounds linked to their remarkable AChE inhibition properties along with their IC50 values procured from previous wet lab results. With a thorough in silico analysis that included molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA), density functional theory (DFT) study, and pharmacokinetic properties, we identified the most potent compound for inhibition of AChE. Significant hydrogen bonding with the catalytic triad residues of AChE, prominent MM/PBSA binding energy of -28.97 KJ/mol, and the stable nature of protein-ligand complex about 100ns MD simulation screened macelignan as the best AChE inhibitor. Macelignan, with a binding affinity of -10.6 kcal/mol, demonstrated a greater binding interaction with AChE than the reference drug, rivastigmine. In addition, it exhibits significant reactivity in the substrate binding pocket of AChE and an inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 4.16 土 0.070 µM. This outcome is further supported by favorable pharmacokinetic properties displaying the positive result towards Lipinski’s rule of Five, and negative result towards hepatotoxicity and AMES toxicity. This study carries a perspective for AChE inhibition and suggests macelignan as a potential therapy for Alzheimer’s disease; further research is necessary.
The literature review of Islamic performance measurement models at sharia banks in Indonesia
Authors: Marheni Marheni , Falikhatun Falikhatun 
Published: July 2024

Purpose - The purposive of study was to find out maqashid sharia performance measurement model in sharia banking.Method - This type of research was qualitative descriptive research using a systematic literature review approach with primary data sources coming from ISSN or E-ISSN journal literature. Systematic literature review or structured article review is the process of identifying, assessing and interpreting all available research evidence with the aim of comparison, outcomes and providing answers to research questions.Result - Maqashid sharia measurement model mostly used at Islamic banking finance is the Sharia Maqashid Index (SMI). Maqashid sharia has the meaning of a goal that has been determined by the sharia for the ultimate benefit of human. Implication - Innovation of a strategic model to see and measure banking performance, therefore conventional banks and Islamic banks have different systems.Originality - This research combines sharia social performance and sharia financial performance into a performance measurement model.