bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel recurrently mutated genes in African American colon cancers
Authors: Guda Kishore , Veigl Martina L. , Varadan Vinay , Nosrati Arman , Ravi Lakshmeswari , Lutterbaugh James , Beard Lydia , Willson James K. V. , Sedwick W. David , Wang Zhenghe John , Molyneaux Neil , Miron Alexander , Adams Mark D. , Elston Robert C. , Markowitz Sanford D. , Willis Joseph E. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths world-wide. African Americans exhibit the highest colon cancer incidence and mortality among all ethnic groups in the United States. Despite this finding, there is a dearth of knowledge on the genetic mechanisms underlying colon carcinogenesis in African Americans. We thus initiated this study to characterize the mutational landscapes of African American colon cancers. We identified new genes that are significantly mutated in colon cancer and that are highly preferentially targeted for mutations in colon cancers arising in African Americans as compared with Caucasians. These findings suggest differences in routes of colon carcinogenesis between the different ethnic groups and also may have implications for the ethnicity associated differences in tumor incidence and outcome.
Hierarchical sparse coding in the sensory system of
Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zaslaver Alon , Liani Idan , Shtangel Oshrat , Ginzburg Shira , Yee Lisa , Sternberg Paul W. 
Published: January 2015

Significance
We investigated how a numerically and spatially compact nematode nervous system encodes information about the world. A library of transgenic worms expressing a genetically encoded calcium indicator in each type of sensory neuron was constructed and used to assay neural activity in response to various chemical stimuli to compile a functional map of a sensory system. We find that the sensory system uses hierarchical sparse coding, a strategy that mitigates the limited size and the shallow structure of the neural network. Also, this is a timely study that significantly adds to the communal effort and enthusiasm in obtaining functional maps of the connectome.
Does the Cultural Context Matter? The effect of a country's gender-role attitudes on female labor supply
Authors: Uunk Wilfred 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Despite substantial country variation in gender-role attitudes and female labor supply and theoretical arguments stressing the consequences of contextual attitudes for individual behavior, prior research did not find evidence for an effect of a country's gender-role attitudes on female labor supply. In this study I reassess this finding using a powerful multilevel design on the 2008 wave of the European Values Study on 33 countries. I find a substantial positive and independent effect of a country's egalitarian gender-role attitudes on individual women's odds of labor market attachment. The original, gross effect can for one-fourth be attributed to an effect of individual gender-role attitudes and one-tenth to an institutional effect. These findings indicate that the cultural (attitude) context matters for female labor supply.
Efficacy and safety of chloramphenicol: joining the revival of old antibiotics? Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Eliakim-Raz Noa , Lador Adi , Leibovici-Weissman Yaara , Elbaz Michal , Paul Mical , Leibovici Leonard 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Objectives
Chloramphenicol is an old broad-spectrum antibiotic. We assessed its efficacy and safety.

Methods
This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed patients, of any age, with systemic bacterial infections that can cause sepsis and compared chloramphenicol alone versus other antibiotics. No restrictions on the date of publication, language or publication status were applied. The primary outcome assessed was overall mortality.

Results
Sixty-six RCTs fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and these included 9711 patients. We found a higher mortality with chloramphenicol for respiratory tract infections [risk ratio (RR) 1.40, 95% CI 1.00–1.97] and meningitis (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.00–1.60), both without heterogeneity. The point estimate was similar for enteric fever, without statistical significance. No statistically significant difference was found between chloramphenicol and other antibiotics regarding treatment failure, except for enteric fever (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.07–2.00, without heterogeneity). This difference derived mainly from studies comparing chloramphenicol with fluoroquinolones (RR 1.85, 95% CI 1.07–3.2). There were no statistically significant differences between chloramphenicol and other antibiotics in terms of adverse events, including haematological events, except for anaemia, which occurred more frequently with chloramphenicol (RR 2.80, 95% CI 1.65–4.75, I2 = 0%), and gastrointestinal side effects, which were less frequent with chloramphenicol (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46–0.99, I2 = 0%). Many of the studies included were sponsored by pharmaceutical companies marketing the comparator drug to chloramphenicol, and this might have influenced the results.

Conclusions
Chloramphenicol cannot be recommended as a first-line treatment for respiratory tract infections, meningitis or enteric fever as alternatives are probably more effective. Chloramphenicol is as safe as treatment alternatives for short antibiotic courses. RCTs are needed to test this treatment against MDR organisms when better alternatives do not exist.
Sparse expression bases in cancer reveal tumor drivers
Authors: Logsdon Benjamin A. , Gentles Andrew J. , Miller Chris P. , Blau C. Anthony , Becker Pamela S. , Lee Su-In 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe define a new category of candidate tumor drivers in cancer genome evolution: ‘selected expression regulators’ (SERs)—genes driving dysregulated transcriptional programs in cancer evolution. The SERs are identified from genome-wide tumor expression data with a novel method, namely SPARROW (SPARse selected expRessiOn regulators identified With penalized regression). SPARROW uncovers a previously unknown connection between cancer expression variation and driver events, by using a novel sparse regression technique. Our results indicate that SPARROW is a powerful complementary approach to identify candidate genes containing driver events that are hard to detect from sequence data, due to a large number of passenger mutations and lack of comprehensive sequence information from a sufficiently large number of samples. SERs identified by SPARROW reveal known driver mutations in multiple human cancers, along with known cancer-associated processes and survival-associated genes, better than popular methods for inferring gene expression networks. We demonstrate that when applied to acute myeloid leukemia expression data, SPARROW identifies an apoptotic biomarker (PYCARD) for an investigational drug obatoclax. The PYCARD and obatoclax association is validated in 30 AML patient samples.
Pharmacokinetics of Tranexamic Acid in Neonates, Infants, and Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Wesley Mark C. , Pereira Luis M. , Scharp Laurie A. , Emani Sitaram M. , McGowan Francis X. , DiNardo James A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAbstract
Tranexamic acid pharmacokinetics were determined during cardiac surgery in 55 children categorized into three age groups: less than 2 months old; 2 months to 1 yr old; and more than 1 yr old and weighing up to 20 kg. Dosing recommendations were modeled for each age group for plasma concentrations of 20, 60, and 150 μg/ml. The safe and effective tranexamic acid concentration range needs to be better defined.

Background:
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is one of the most commonly used antifibrinolytic medications in children undergoing repair of congenital heart defects. However, a pharmacokinetics analysis of TXA has never been performed in neonates or young children undergoing complex cardiac surgeries using cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermia, circulatory arrest, and ultrafiltration. A comprehensive pharmacokinetics study was performed in this patient population.

Methods:
Fifty-five patients ranging from 2 days through 4 yr old were categorized into three groups: children less than 2 months old, infants 2 months to 1 yr old, and children greater than 1 yr old and weighing up to 20 kg. TXA was given as a bolus of 100 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 10 mg · kg−1 · h−1 throughout the surgery. A dose of 100 mg/kg was placed in the cardiopulmonary bypass prime. A total of 16 to 18 samples were obtained from all patients throughout surgery. Plasma TXA concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and modeled under a nonlinear mixed-effects framework with a two-compartment structural model.

Results:
Cardiopulmonary bypass had a statistically significant impact on all pharmacokinetic parameters. Age was a better covariate than body weight, affecting both the distribution and the elimination of TXA. However, weight performed well in some cases. Other covariates including body surface area, pump prime volume, ultrafiltrate volume, and body temperature did not improve the model.

Conclusions:
This TXA pharmacokinetic analysis is reported for the first time in neonates and young children undergoing complex cardiac surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass. Dosing recommendations are provided as guidance for maintaining desired target concentrations.
COBRA-LIKE2, a Member of the Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored COBRA-LIKE Family, Plays a Role in Cellulose Deposition in Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage Secretory Cells ,
Authors: Ben-Tov Daniela , Abraham Yael , Stav Shira , Thompson Kevin , Loraine Ann , Elbaum Rivka , de Souza Amancio , Pauly Markus , Kieber Joseph J. , Harpaz-Saad Smadar 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDifferentiation of the maternally derived seed coat epidermal cells into mucilage secretory cells is a common adaptation in angiosperms. Recent studies identified cellulose as an important component of seed mucilage in various species. Cellulose is deposited as a set of rays that radiate from the seed upon mucilage extrusion, serving to anchor the pectic component of seed mucilage to the seed surface. Using transcriptome data encompassing the course of seed development, we identified COBRA-LIKE2 (COBL2), a member of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored COBRA-LIKE gene family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), as coexpressed with other genes involved in cellulose deposition in mucilage secretory cells. Disruption of the COBL2 gene results in substantial reduction in the rays of cellulose present in seed mucilage, along with an increased solubility of the pectic component of the mucilage. Light birefringence demonstrates a substantial decrease in crystalline cellulose deposition into the cellulosic rays of the cobl2 mutants. Moreover, crystalline cellulose deposition into the radial cell walls and the columella appears substantially compromised, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy and in situ quantification of light birefringence. Overall, the cobl2 mutants display about 40% reduction in whole-seed crystalline cellulose content compared with the wild type. These data establish that COBL2 plays a role in the deposition of crystalline cellulose into various secondary cell wall structures during seed coat epidermal cell differentiation.
How do wet markets still survive in Taiwan?
Authors: Huang Chi-tsun , Tsai Kuen-Hung , Chen Yu-Chih 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to answer why wet markets still survive in Taiwan while facing to fierce competition from western-style supermarkets.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors adopt the perspectives of retail service to develop a model to address how food quality, relational benefit, and personnel service affect consumers’ satisfaction. A sample of 250 consumers was surveyed in a major wet market at Taiwan.

Findings
– The results obtained from the partial least square (PLS) method reveal that food quality and relational benefit positively affect consumers’ satisfaction, and the effects of these increase with time; employee service has a positive effect on consumers’ satisfaction, but the effect decreases with time; and the ambience does affect consumer satisfaction, but the store design does not.

Originality/value
– This paper provides empirical answers to the question about why wet markets still play a critical role in the food retailing industry in a newly industrial economy where consumer’ tastes are supposed to be more westernized or so-called ‘supermarketized’ four decades after the introduction of supermarkets.
Assessing consumers’ adoption of active and intelligent packaging
Authors: Aday Mehmet Seckin , Yener Ugur 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify the purchase behavior with regard to innovative food packaging techniques and sociodemographic properties of consumers in Turkey (the crossroads of Europe and Asia).

Design/methodology/approach
– The survey was conducted with 365 people (around 50 persons for each region) who live in the different regions to represent the whole population of Turkey as good as possible. Questionnaire methodology was used to achieve the research objectives. Multiple-choice test which consists of 24 questions (Table I) were selected in order to keep the questionnaire at a reasonable length. Questionnaires were distributed to the respondents in small groups for effective communication. Multiple correspondence, decision tree and prospect profiles statistic procedures were used to identify the purchase behavior.

Findings
– In the study, some consumers worried that innovative packages might mislead them and therefore sales should be handled under trusted brands. Majority of consumers were willing to use innovative food packages to prevent the microbial spoilage. Consumers indicated that they do not want to see sachets in active food packages due to the probability of mistaken. Consumers who chose the price as a first thing to get their attention in food packaging, would accept the increase in price lesser than 10 percent after seeing the positive impacts of innovative packaging. Most of the consumers’ (74.79 percent) expectation from innovative packaging was the visual ability to observe the history and freshness of foods inside the packaging. Participants indicated that education through commercials (40.55 percent) would be the most effective way in order to increase the overall acceptability for innovative packaging.

Research limitations/implications
– The limitation of this study was that, these questionnaires were applied only to Turkish consumers and findings might not be applicable to other countries.

Practical implications
– Better understanding of consumer adoption of innovative packages can help to minimize rejection of innovative technologies. Knowledge of consumer behaviors toward active and intelligent packaging can contribute to developing better industry strategies.

Originality/value
– This paper gives the detailed information about purchasing behavior of Turkish consumers’ regarding innovative packaging techniques.
Trust in and through labelling – a systematic review and critique
Authors: Tonkin Emma , Wilson Annabelle M , Coveney John , Webb Trevor , Meyer Samantha B 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– Distrust of conventional food supply systems impacts consumer food choice. This in turn has implications for consumer nutrition outcomes and acceptance of expert advice regarding food and health. The research exploring consumer trust is found across a broad range of research streams, and is not cohesive in topic or approach. The purpose of this paper is to synthesise the disparate literature exploring the interaction between food labelling and consumer trust to determine what is known, and gaps in knowledge regarding food labelling and consumer trust.

Design/methodology/approach
– A systematic search of trust and food labelling literature was conducted, with study results synthesised and integrated. Studies were then critically analysed for the conceptualisation of the consumer, the label, and their interaction with a framework developed using social theories of trust.

Findings
– In total, 27 studies were identified. It was found that not only is the current literature predominantly atheoretical, but the conceptualisation of labelling has been limited.

Research limitations/implications
– Further empirical research is needed to enable a more comprehensive understanding of the role food labelling plays in influencing consumer trust in food systems.

Originality/value
– This research develops a conceptualisation of the dual roles food labelling may play in influencing consumer trust in food systems. It distinguishes between trust in food labelling itself, and the trust consumers develop in the food supply system through food labelling. The novel theoretical model and synthesis provide a foundation upon which future research may be conducted.
Who cares about fish welfare?
Authors: Ellingsen Kristian , Grimsrud Kristine , Nielsen Hanne Marie , Mejdell Cecilie , Olesen Ingrid , Honkanen Pirjo , Navrud Ståle , Gamborg Christian , Sandøe Peter 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to assess how concerned Norwegians are about fish welfare; second, to investigate Norwegians’ willingness to pay for salmon filet made from welfare-assured farmed fish with high levels of welfare; and third, to examine Norwegian opinions about the appropriate way to pay for better welfare standards in fish production.Design/methodology/approach– On the basis of two focus group sessions, a survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to a representative sample of 2,147 Norwegian households via e-mail.Findings– Results showed that the Norwegian public is concerned about fish welfare and is willing to pay a price premium for products made from welfare-assured fish. Norwegian consumers do not, however, want to be the only ones paying for fish welfare, as the main responsibility for fish welfare lies with producers and the Government.Research limitations/implications– In this study willingness to pay is measured using a hypothetical choice experiment. Values people express as citizens, however, may not accurately predict true consumer behaviour. This is generally referred to as “citizen-consumer duality” and may have affected the results.Practical implications– The study shows that there is a national market for welfare-assured fish products, but education initiatives focusing on fish farming and fish welfare issues would further influence the attitudes and purchasing habits of Norwegian consumers.Originality/value– Although concern about animal welfare is growing in the western world, very little attention has been given to the welfare of fish. This paper aims to make up for this by presenting a study of how Norwegians view the welfare of farmed salmon.
Inulin in food products: prebiotic and functional ingredient
Authors: González-Herrera Silvia Marina , Herrera Raul Rodriguez , López Mercedes Guadalupe , Rutiaga Olga Miriam , Aguilar Cristobal Noe , Esquivel Juan Carlos Contreras , Martínez Luz Araceli Ochoa 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the variety of food in which it has been applied as a prebiotic and functional ingredient, the concentrations used there in, the tests that have been conducted on these fortified foods and briefly reviews the history and characteristics of inulin.Design/methodology/approach– The review included articles from 1999-2013. The papers which reported inulin concentrations used, the purpose of the application and tests on final product, were mainly selected. Articles were collected in electronic databases such as Elsevier-Science Direct, Emerald, Springer Link, Wiley and Redalyc.Findings– The interaction inulin-food with different food matrices is complex, and is not always technologically favorable for the product. Moreover, additional to evaluations of sensory, physicochemical and rheological characteristics, it is essential to carry out measurements in the food, of such characteristics as prebiotic content, and prebiotic activityin vivoandin vitro, and assess potential adverse reactions in order to define suitable doses of consumption.Originality/value– The paper highlights the importance of conducting in vitro and in vivo testing of potential prebiotic inulin-supplemented food in order to define dose that benefit health and do not cause unacceptable gastrointestinal distress.
The value of food resources
Authors: Wu Wenbiao 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to help understanding the value of food resources (FRs). This may raise global awareness on their importance in macro- and micro-economics.

Design/methodology/approach
– The relationship of FRs with human life was analyzed through literature review to illustrate their real value. Association of FRs production with the probability of becoming a high income country was estimated by analyzing the relevant data published by FAOSTAT, World Bank and United Nations to illustrate their value in macro-economy. Analyzing the interrelationship of prices with their attributes through literature review and the correlation of the relevant data published by FAOSTAT and OECD was undertaken to create a mathematical model for pricing FRs.

Findings
– The real value of FRs is unaccountable, which makes their economic value (price) be not always determined on market. Increase in the probability of becoming a high income country with increase in FRs production indicates that their shortage may bottleneck macro-economic development. A mathematical model has been created for estimating the economic value of FRs.

Practical implications
– These findings are applicable for managing (or administrating), pricing or evaluating FRs, analyzing their economic status, developing business and predicting tendency in micro-economy. They are also vital for managing or developing macro-economy. The findings should be useful for farmers, food companies, governmental agents, individuals, etc.

Originality/value
– This is the first to report these findings. This is a significant progress in FRs research and valuable for education.
Evaluation of research methods to study domestic food preparation
Authors: Bongoni Radhika , Verkerk Ruud , Dekker Matthijs , Steenbekkers Bea 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– Domestic preparation practices influence the sensory properties and nutritional composition of food products. Information on the variability in actual domestic preparation practices is needed to assess the influence of applied conditions on the sensory and nutritional quality of food. The collection of such information requires a reliable, valid and practical research method. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Direct in-home observations, observations in a model-kitchen using cameras, and a self-reporting questionnaire were evaluated for reliability and validity, to study domestic food preparation practices by consumers. Broccoli preparation practices by Dutch consumers were checked by these three methods in this research paper.

Findings
– All three research methods were found to be test-retest, inter-observer, parallel-form reliable; and face, content and concurrent valid. However, the self-reporting questionnaire is the most practical research method that can be administered on a large number of respondents in a short time to capture the wide variations in preparation practices.

Originality/value
– Consumers can be assisted on domestic food preparation practices that reach their sensory preferences (e.g. texture, colour) as well as have health benefits on consumption.