bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial periodicity in bed form‐scale solute and thermal transport models of the hyporheic zone
Authors: Laattoe Tariq , Werner Adrian D. , Post Vincent E. A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractSpatially periodic solute boundaries force symmetry across a model domain by ensuring that concentrations and concentration gradients are identical at the same location on opposite boundaries. They have been used in multiple publications on a hyporheic zone model of a single ripple or dune style bed form, including variable density flow and reactive transport variants. We evaluate simulations of multibed form models without imposing spatially periodic transport to demonstrate that nonphysical solute distributions arise from the periodic solute transport assumption. That is, the flow field within the single bed form model leads to a transport scenario that violates the forced symmetry of periodic solute boundary conditions, culminating in a physically unrealistic solute distribution. Our results show that lack of symmetry between boundaries is a function of the vertical concentration gradient and two‐dimensionless parameters characterizing the hyporheic and underflow flow regimes, and the solute exchange between them. We assess the error associated with the spatially periodic assumption based on an analysis of solute fluxes across the lateral bed form model boundaries. While the focus is on steady state concentration distributions, the implications for transient solute transport models are also discussed. We conclude that periodic solute transport boundary conditions should be applied only to bed form models that have minimal vertical dispersive and diffusive solute transfer. This includes gaining systems and tracers such as temperature, for which a temporally periodic flux reversal occurs across the top boundary.
Erdalkalimetalle als Gastionen in der Polyoxopalladatchemie: vom Nanowürfel über eine offenschalige Struktur zum Nanostern
Authors: Yang Peng , Xiang Yixian , Lin Zhengguo , Bassil Bassem S. , Cao Jie , Fan Linyuan , Fan Yanxuan , Li Ming‐Xing , Jiménez‐Lozano Pablo , Carbó Jorge J. , Poblet Josep M. , Kortz Ulrich 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDie drei neuartigen, diskreten Palladium(II)‐Oxocluster [CaPd12O8(PhAsO3)8]6− (CaPd12), [SrPd12O6(OH)3(PhAsO3)6(OAc)3]4− (SrPd12) und [BaPd15O10(PhAsO3)10]8− (BaPd15), bei denen die Erdalkalimetallionen im Innern einer kapselförmigen Struktur vorliegen, wurden hergestellt und mit verschiedenen physikochemischen Methoden in Lösung und im Festkörper charakterisiert. Die Ergebnisse offenbaren einen strukturdirigierenden Templateffekt des jeweiligen Alkalimetallions, dessen Größe die Anordnung der PdII‐Oxo‐Schale bestimmt. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist der präzedenzlose Cluster SrPd12, der eine offenschalige Struktur aufweist und eine Strategie für den gezielten Entwurf von neuen Klassen von Polyoxoedelmetallaten aufzeigt. Der ungewöhnliche Acetat‐Wasser‐Ligandenaustausch in SrPd12 macht diesen Cluster ferner zu einem vielversprechenden Kandidaten für die Edelmetall‐basierte Katalyse.
Prolinreiche antimikrobielle Peptide aus Insekten töten Bakterien durch Hemmung der Proteinbiosynthese am 70S‐Ribosom
Authors: Krizsan Andor , Volke Daniela , Weinert Stefanie , Sträter Norbert , Knappe Daniel , Hoffmann Ralf 
Published: September 2014

AbstractProlinreiche antimikrobielle Peptide (PrAMPs) wurden bereits von mehreren Forschungsgruppen und Firmen als vielversprechende Leitverbindungen zur Behandlung systemischer Infektionen mit Gram‐negativen Bakterien untersucht und optimiert. PrAMPs, wie Apidaecine und Oncocine, dringen in Bakterien ein und töten diese wahrscheinlich durch Inhibition spezifischer Zielstrukturen, ohne lytische Wirkung auf die Membranen. Wir zeigen hier, dass Apidaecine und Oncocine mit Dissoziationskonstanten im nanomolaren Bereich an das 70S‐Ribosom binden. Apidaecine wechselwirken mindestens über die beiden C‐terminalen Reste (Arg‐17 und Leu‐18) stark mit dem 70S‐Ribosom, während die Reste Lys‐3, Tyr‐6, Leu‐7 und Arg‐11 die die wichtigsten Bindungsstellen der Oncocine sind. Letztere inhibierten die Proteinbiosynthese in vitro sehr effizient mit IC50‐Werten von 150–240 nmol L−1. Das Chaperon DnaK ist höchstwahrscheinlich kein Ziel der PrAMPs, bindet diese aber mit niedrigerer Affinität.
An objective criterion for the identification of breaks in Indian summer monsoon rainfall
Authors: Umakanth U. , Kesarkar Amit P. , Rao T. Narayana , Rao S. Vijaya Bhaskar 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWe proposed a new objective criterion for discerning breaks in Indian summer monsoon rainfall, which is based on grid‐level rainfall threshold. The identified breaks reproduced all well‐known breaks discussed in the literature, but are relatively fewer in number. The correlation analysis between the number of break days and all‐India seasonal rainfall is not only high (R2 = −0.77) but also reproduced well‐known association between El Nino and bad monsoon years. The fraction of seasonal rainfall in break days is found to be smaller (<10%) over most part of India than earlier studies, indicating that the discerned spells are valid for a large part of India.
Constanze Mozarts Tätigkeiten als Nachlassverwalterin im Kontext der Wissenskulturen um 1800
Authors: Finke Gesa 
Published: September 2014

AbstractConstanze Mozart’s Activities as Trustee of the Estate in the Context of Memorial Cultures around 1800. After Wolfgang Amadé Mozart’s death in 1791, Constanze Mozart established memorial practices to bring her husband’s name and his music into the musical canon. At first she organized concerts to promote his name and music. She continued by publishing his compositions with Breitkopf & Härtel in Leipzig and Johann Anton André between 1798 and 1802. Many years later, in 1828, she published a biography with her second husband, Georg Nikolaus Nissen. Her actions gained importance with the occurrence of bourgeois musical memorial cultures around 1800. These started to be organized around the musical estates of composers. Thus, the material quality of music became a dominant factor for organizing musical culture, and historiography as a whole within the nineteenth century. However, the activities of Constanze Mozart, as of other widows, have been marginalized. Memory is intertwined with gender constructions and processes of professionalization of musical historiography in the nineteenth century. The theoretical framework of memory research offers a vocabulary to analyze activities of widows in musical cultures and requires the deconstruction of the narrative of the “composer’s widow”. It also offers a way to highlight the importance of individual commitment for processes of cultural memory.
New Pentacoordinated Rhodium Species as Unexpected Products during the In Situ Generation of Dimeric Diphosphine‐Rhodium Neutral Catalysts
Authors: Meißner Antje , König Anja , Drexler Hans‐Joachim , Thede Richard , Baumann Wolfgang , Heller Detlef 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDimeric rhodium complexes of the type [Rh(PP)(μ2‐Cl)]2 (PP=diphosphine) are often used as precatalysts and are generated “in situ” from the corresponding diolefin complexes by exchange of the diene with the desired diphosphine. Herein, we report that the “in situ” procedure also leads to unexpected monomeric pentacoordinated neutral complexes of the type [RhCl(PP)(diolefin)], for the first time herein characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography for the ligands 1,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (DPPP), 1,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (DPPB), and 2,2′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl (BINAP). The pentacoordinated complexes are in equilibrium with the dimeric target compound [Rh(PP)(μ2‐Cl)]2. The equilibrium is influenced by the rhodium‐diolefin precursor, the solvent and the temperature. Based on the results of NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopic analysis (kinetics) it could be shown that the pentacoordinated complex [RhCl(PP)(diolefin)] may arise both from the “in situ”‐generated neutral complex [Rh(PP)(μ2‐Cl)] by reaction with the free diolefin and, more surprisingly, directly from [Rh(diolefin)(μ2‐Cl)]2 and the diphosphine.
Investigating the Formation Mechanism of Arene Ruthenium Metallacycles by NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Garci Amine , Gupta Gajendra , Dalvit Claudio , Therrien Bruno 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe stereochemical properties of twelve dinuclear arene ruthenium complexes have been studied in solution. The dinuclear complexes of the general formula [(p‐cymene)2Ru2(OO∩OO)(Ln)2](CF3SO3)2 (OO∩OO = oxalato, 2,5‐dioxido‐1,4‐benzoquinonato, 5,8‐dioxido‐1,4‐naphthoquinonato; Ln = 4‐phenylpyridine, 4‐styrylpyridine, 4‐methylpyridine, 4‐tert‐butylpyridine) have been isolated as mixtures of the cis and trans isomers. All of the complexes showed lability of the pyridyl‐based ligands (Ln) in solution and rapid exchange between the cis and trans isomers. The equilibrium between the cis and trans isomers was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the intermediate species were identified and, thus, provided valuable insights into the formation mechanism of arene ruthenium metalla‐assemblies.
Synthesis of Highly Fluoroalkyl‐Functionalized Oligoporphyrin Systems
Authors: Felix Lukas , Sezer Ugur , Arndt Markus , Mayor Marcel 
Published: September 2014

AbstractFour different multiporphyrin systems have been synthesized and characterized. Highly fluoroalkyl‐functionalized porphyrins are the most complex objects so far to have exhibited quantum wave nature. We have functionalized larger oligoporphyrin systems with fluoroalkyl chains to increase their mass and minimize their intermolecular interactions. The to‐some‐extent random substitution of fluorine atoms at the periphery of the oligoporphyrins results in libraries consisting of molecules varying in both the number and spatial distribution of substituents. The mass‐selected individual members of these libraries were designed for quantum interference experiments. To investigate the volatilization nature of the molecules within the library, laser desorption and post‐ionization studies were performed. These studies demonstrated that molecular beams of suitable velocity and ionization cross‐section can be obtained from these libraries. In particular, we present these features for two libraries, based on either a tetrahedrally arranged central porphyrin tetramer or a more planar porphyrin pentamer.
Assessment of the bacterial and fungal diversity in home‐made yoghurts of Xinjiang, China by pyrosequencing
Authors: Xu Haiyan , Liu Wenjun , Gesudu Qimu , Sun Zhihong , Zhang Jiachao , Guo Zhuang , Zheng Yi , Hou Qiangchuan , Yu Jie , Qing Yanting , Kwok Lai‐Yu , Menhe Bilige , Zhang Heping 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this study was to gain a deeper knowledge of the bacterial and fungal community diversity in local home‐made yoghurts from Zhaosu and Tekesi counties, Xinjiang, China, where a relatively high proportion of the ethnic minority population resides.RESULTSThe bacterial and fungal community diversity in 22 home‐made yoghurt samples was analyzed by pyrosequencing. This approach revealed the presence of six bacterial and two fungal phyla, comprising 69 bacterial and 20 fungal genera respectively, among all samples. Firmicutes and Ascomycota were the dominant phyla and Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces the predominant genera of bacteria and fungi respectively. Based on redundancy analysis, the bacterial diversity in samples from the two counties differed mainly because of eight responsive operational taxonomic units of Lactobacillus. However, no obvious difference existed in the fungal population of samples from the two counties.CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that the microbial community of home‐made yoghurts varied with their geographical origin and manufacturing process. The study showed that pyrosequencing could provide a better understanding of microbiological diversity as well as useful information for future studies on the selection of starter cultures for yoghurts. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Simulation of Preference Information in an Interactive Reference Point‐Based Method for the Bi‐Objective Inventory Routing Problem
Authors: Huber Sandra , Geiger Martin Josef , Sevaux Marc 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn the research area of multiple criteria decision making, very few publications exist that explicitly design the simulation of a decision maker (DM) in an interactive approach. For this reason, we outline some methods widely used in the literature to identify common assumptions of simulating the DM's responses and the required input preference information. Our paper aims at covering the identified gap by introducing experimental concepts. Such concepts are used for theoretical analyses of a combined search‐and‐decision‐making procedure. Simulating the DM is a fruitful idea because the algorithm can be tested without integrating a human decision maker. Finally, we conduct experiments based on the proposed settings for a multiobjective inventory routing problem, which is a relevant and challenging logistic problem. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ECG and navigator‐free four‐dimensional whole‐heart coronary MRA for simultaneous visualization of cardiac anatomy and function
Authors: Pang Jianing , Sharif Behzad , Fan Zhaoyang , Bi Xiaoming , Arsanjani Reza , Berman Daniel S. , Li Debiao 
Published: September 2014

PurposeTo develop a cardiac and respiratory self‐gated four‐dimensional (4D) coronary MRA technique for simultaneous cardiac anatomy and function visualization.MethodsA contrast‐enhanced, ungated spoiled gradient echo sequence with self‐gating (SG) and 3DPR trajectory was used for image acquisition. Data were retrospectively binned into different cardiac and respiratory phases based on information extracted from SG projections using principal component analysis. Each cardiac phase was reconstructed using a respiratory motion‐corrected self‐calibrating SENSE framework, and those belong to the quiescent period were retrospectively combined for coronary visualization. Healthy volunteer studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the SG method, the accuracy of the left ventricle (LV) function parameters and the quality of coronary artery visualization.ResultsSG performed reliably for all subjects including one with poor electrocardiogram (ECG). The LV function parameters showed excellent agreement with those from a conventional cine protocol. For coronary imaging, the proposed method yielded comparable apparent signal to noise ratio and coronary sharpness and lower apparent contrast to noise ratio on three subjects compared with an ECG and navigator‐gated Cartesian protocol and an ECG‐gated, respiratory motion‐corrected 3DPR protocol.ConclusionA fully self‐gated 4D whole‐heart imaging technique was developed, potentially allowing cardiac anatomy and function assessment from a single measurement. Magn Reson Med 72:1208–1217, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stakeholder communication in service implementation networks: expanding relationship management theory to the nonprofit sector through organizational network analysis
Authors: Maxwell Sarah P. , Carboni Julia L. 
Published: September 2014

Nonprofits increasingly participate in government‐funded service implementation networks (SINs). However, extant research does not explore how organizations might strategically tailor communication to different stakeholder groups or use different communication tools for management. Stakeholders are not a monolithic group, and communicating with stakeholders within SINs is hypothesized to involve different forms of communication than communicating with stakeholders outside of the network. In this paper, relationship management theory is used to examine strategic communication with stakeholder groups within and outside of SINs. Both traditional and emergent (e.g., social media) forms of communication are examined. Survey and interview data on communication within and outside communication networks are analyzed using organizational network analysis techniques. The findings indicate strategic communication in the network differs from strategic communication with stakeholders outside the network. Within the network, organizations place varying emphasis on the use of traditional and emergent forms of communication for management, implying nonprofit managers funded under government grants continue to rely on face‐to‐face and phone communication and have yet to adopt emerging communication strategies to assist in the management of their programs with their partner organizations.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
p21WAF1/Cip1 limits senescence and acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia formation during pancreatitis
Authors: Grabliauskaite Kamile , Hehl Adrian B , Seleznik Gitta M , Saponara Enrica , Schlesinger Kathryn , Zuellig Richard A , Dittmann Anja , Bain Martha , Reding Theresia , Sonda Sabrina , Graf Rolf 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTrans‐differentiation of pancreatic acinar cells into ductal‐like lesions, a process defined as acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia (ADM), is observed in the course of organ regeneration following pancreatitis. In addition, ADM is found in association with pre‐malignant PanIN lesions and correlates with an increased risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Human PDAC samples show down‐regulation of p21WAF1/Cip1, a key regulator of cell cycle and cell differentiation. Here we investigated whether p21 down‐regulation is implicated in controlling the early events of acinar cell trans‐differentiation and ADM formation. p21‐mediated regulation of ADM formation and regression was analysed in vivo during the course of cerulein‐induced pancreatitis, using wild‐type (WT) and p21‐deficient (p21−/−) mice. Biochemical and immunohistochemical methods were used to evaluate disease progression over 2 weeks of the disease and during a recovery phase. We found that p21 was strongly up‐regulated in WT acinar cells during pancreatitis, while it was absent in ADM areas, suggesting that p21 down‐regulation is associated with ADM formation. In support of this hypothesis, p21−/− mice showed a significant increase in number and size of metaplasia. In addition, p21 over‐expression in acinar cells reduced ADM formation in vitro, suggesting that the protein regulates the metaplastic transition in a cell‐autonomous manner. p21−/− mice displayed increased expression and relocalization of β‐catenin both during pancreatitis and in the subsequent recovery phase. Finally, loss of p21 was accompanied by increased DNA damage and development of senescence. Our findings are consistent with a gate‐keeper role of p21 in acinar cells to limit senescence activation and ADM formation during pancreatic regeneration. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Land Use Specific Ammonia Deposition Velocities: a Review of Recent Studies (2004–2013)
Authors: Schrader Frederik , Brümmer Christian 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Land use specific deposition velocities of atmospheric trace gases and aerosols—particularly of reactive nitrogen compounds—are a fundamental input variable for a variety of deposition models. Although the concept is known to have shortcomings—especially with regard to bi-directional exchange—the often limited availability of concentration data and meteorological input variables make it a valuable simplification for regional modeling of deposition fluxes. In order to meet the demand for an up-to-date overview of recent publications on measurements and modeling studies, we compiled a database of ammonia (NH3) deposition velocities published from 2004 to 2013. Observations from a total of 42 individual studies were averaged using an objective weighing scheme and classified into seven land use categories. Weighted average and median deposition velocities are 2.2 and 2.1 cm s−1 for coniferous forests, 1.5 and 1.2 cm s−1 for mixed forests, 1.1 and 0.9 cm s−1 for deciduous forests, 0.9 and 0.7 cm s−1 for semi-natural sites, 0.7 and 0.8 cm s−1 for urban sites, 0.7 and 0.6 cm s−1 for water surfaces, and 1.0 and 0.4 cm s−1 for agricultural sites, respectively. Thus, values presented in this compilation were considerably lower than those found in former studies (e.g., VDI 2006). Reasons for the mismatch were likely due to different land use classification, different averaging methods, choices of measurement locations, and improvements in measurement and in modeling techniques. Both data and code used for processing are made available as supplementary material to this article.
Systematic review of surveillance systems and methods for early detection of exotic, new and re-emerging diseases in animal populations
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-PRIETO V. , VICENTE-RUBIANO M. , SÁNCHEZ-MATAMOROS A. , RUBIO-GUERRI C. , MELERO M. , MARTÍNEZ-LÓPEZ B. , MARTÍNEZ-AVILÉS M. , HOINVILLE L. , VERGNE T. , COMIN A. , SCHAUER B. , DÓREA F. , PFEIFFER D. U. , SÁNCHEZ-VIZCAÍNO J. M. 
Published: September 2014

SUMMARYIn this globalized world, the spread of new, exotic and re-emerging diseases has become one of the most important threats to animal production and public health. This systematic review analyses conventional and novel early detection methods applied to surveillance. In all, 125 scientific documents were considered for this study. Exotic (n= 49) and re-emerging (n= 27) diseases constituted the most frequently represented health threats. In addition, the majority of studies were related to zoonoses (n= 66). The approaches found in the review could be divided in surveillance modalities, both active (n= 23) and passive (n= 5); and tools and methodologies that support surveillance activities (n= 57). Combinations of surveillance modalities and tools (n= 40) were also found. Risk-based approaches were very common (n= 60), especially in the papers describing tools and methodologies (n= 50). The main applications, benefits and limitations of each approach were extracted from the papers. This information will be very useful for informing the development of tools to facilitate the design of cost-effective surveillance strategies. Thus, the current literature review provides key information about the advantages, disadvantages, limitations and potential application of methodologies for the early detection of new, exotic and re-emerging diseases.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: pilot study of a treatment group for patients with chronic pain in a primary care setting
Authors: Beaulac Julie , Bailly Matthew 
Published: September 2014

AimThe study objective was to evaluate an eight-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) treatment group for chronic pain in terms of effects on pain disability, subjective ratings of pain and psychological distress related to pain, and activity level and willingness to experience pain. This pilot study evaluated the impact of two eight-week MBSR treatment groups that were delivered in a clinic in Winnipeg, Manitoba.BackgroundChronic pain is one of the most common presenting problems in primary care settings.MethodsAdult patients with chronic pain were recruited from 20 clinics that are part of a collaborative care programme and outcome measures were administered at baseline and programme completion.FindingsDespite a modest attendance rate and the short length of programme, a pre–post evaluation involving 17 patients revealed significant and/or clinically relevant improvements in level of pain disability, psychological distress, engagement in life activities, willingness to experience pain, and subjective rating of current pain.