bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O sistema social da saúde: conceito, limites e possibilidades
Authors: Vial Sandra Regina Martini 
Published: July 2015

Discutem-se as possibilidades de definir o sistema da saúde como um sistema social, diferenciado funcionalmente, a partir da ótica da Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais, utilizando os pressupostos gerais da Teoria e a estrutura apresentada por Niklas Luhmann sobre o sistema médico. Apresentam-se alguns “desassossegos” provocados pela Teoria; as possíveis relações entre o sistema da saúde e o que Luhmann chamou de sistema médico e como esse sistema, atualmente, pode ser considerado sistema da saúde; e, por fim, a nossa concepção do sistema da saúde na atualidade.
Os sistemas de informação de saúde no Brasil e o direito à intimidade
Authors: Campos Alves Sandra Mara 
Published: July 2015

A informação em saúde ocupa papel estratégico na sociedade contemporânea, com o surgimento de inúmeros sistemas de informação que transformam essas informações em insumos estratégicos para a gestão, o planejamento e a avaliação da situação de saúde da população. Por outro lado, o desenvolvimento e a difusão de novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação a nível global – caracterizados por usar predominantemente tecnologias da informação para a troca de informação em formato digital, de fácil manipulação, reprodução e transmissão – gera importantes problemas de proteção da intimidade e privacidade do cidadão, nelas incluídas as informações de saúde. A publicação, no Brasil, da Lei nº 12.527, de 18 de novembro de 2011, abre uma nova discussão sobre os limites e contornos do direito de acesso à informação, impondo-se uma análise detalhada sobre o tema. No âmbito do Direito Sanitário, a discussão é importante uma vez que a informação em saúde é insumo para a produção da legislação sanitária e o acesso à informação sanitária também é relevante para o fortalecimento de ações de controle social, um dos pilares do sistema de saúde no Brasil.
Protección de la Discapacidad en la Argentina a la luz de la Jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación
Authors: Zalazar Claudia , Herbas Noelia 
Published: July 2015

Desde finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX se comenzó a hablar de la salud como un derecho y a exigirse del Estado una responsabilidad mayor por la realización de diversas actividades con él vinculadas, como la regulación de las condiciones de trabajo, las tareas de saneamiento, la distribución de alimentos, etc. (Corte Suprema de la Nación), Fallos 31:273, "Podestá y otros c. Provincia de Buenos Aires", caso del año 1887).El crecimiento exponencial de las poblaciones urbanas y el desarrollo industrial requirieron la adopción de medidas que permitieran controlar con mayor eficacia las disfunciones que podían verificarse en este ámbito. Progresivamente, la salud se ha visto reconocida como un derecho inherente a la dignidad humana y el bienestar físico, mental y social que puede alcanzar un ser humano, como un derecho que el Estado está obligado a garantizar.
ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МЕХАНІЗМУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВАЛЮТНИМИ РИЗИКАМИ КОМЕРЦІЙНОГО БАНКУ
Authors: Cherep Alla , Korobov Alexander 
Published: July 2015

Актуальність роботи полягає в тому, що ефективне використання ресурсів тісно пов’язане з управлінням ризиками, що входить до ключових завдань стратегічного управління банком. Розуміння суті банківських ризиків, правильне оцінювання й управління ними дає змогу уникнути або значно зменшити неминучі втрати, які виникають у банківській діяльності.
ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Azarenkova G. M. , Golovko O. G. , Ponomarenko V. A. 
Published: July 2015

В статті запропоновано інструменти щодо удосконалення фінансової стратегії для забезпечення стабільності підприємства. Побудовано економіко-математичну прогнозну модель ключового показника діяльності підприємства. Оскільки одним із ключових показників успішності діяльності будь-якого аеропорту є пасажиропотік, то його прогнозування є одним із основних джерел релевантної інформації при здійсненні стратегічного управління фінансовою діяльністю. З метою прогнозування пасажиропотоку використано мультиплікативну модель Хольта-Уінтерса, яка дозволяє визначити прогнозні значення пасажиропотоку.
Remoção de querosene na mistura querosene/água, utilizando bagaço de caju quimicamente modificado
Authors: Melo Neto Raimundo Renato , Morais Camila , Santos Francisco Klebson Gomes , Leite Ricardo , Santos Andarair Gomes 
Published: July 2015

<p>Neste trabalho foi avaliada a capacidade de remoção de querosene, de uma emulsão querosene/água, utilizando bagaço de caju quimicamente modificado. Primeiramente foi analisado o efeito do tratamento químico com hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) em diferentes concentrações, uma vez que o tratamento com álcali é capaz de desestruturar a lignina presente no bagaço, a qual dificulta o acesso aos sítios ativos do adsorvente. Foi evidenciado que a concentração de 0,1 mol.L<sup>-1</sup> de NaOH mostrou-se eficiente para o tratamento. As simulações de derramamento evidenciaram que, para o bagaço tratado com NaOH, a eficiência de adsorção foi maior (5,33 g/g) que para o bagaço sem tratamento (1,64 g/g).</p>
Nutrient fluxes from insect herbivory increase during ecosystem retrogression in boreal forest
Authors: Metcalfe Daniel B. , Crutsinger Gregory M. , Kumordzi Bright B. , Wardle David A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractEcological theory, developed largely from ungulates and grassland systems, predicts that herbivory accelerates nutrient cycling more in productive than unproductive systems. This prediction may be important for understanding patterns of ecosystem change over time and space, but its applicability to other ecosystems and types of herbivore remain uncertain. We estimated fluxes of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from herbivory of a common tree species (Betula pubescens) by a common species of herbivorous insect along a ~5000‐yr boreal chronosequence. Contrary to established theory, fluxes of N and P via herbivory increased along the chronosequence despite a decline in plant productivity. The herbivore‐mediated N and P fluxes to the soil are comparable to the main alternative pathway for these nutrients via tree leaf litterfall. We conclude that insect herbivores can make large contributions to nutrient cycling even in unproductive systems, and influence the rate and pattern of ecosystem development, particularly in systems with low external nutrient inputs.
Instantaneous Monitoring of Drill Bit Wear and Specific Energy as a Criteria for the Appropriate Time for Pulling Out Worn Bits
Authors: Abbas Rafid K. , Hassanpour Ali , Hare Colin , Ghadiri Mojtaba 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Current techniques for deciding when to pull out worn bits are based on speculation rather than reliable engineered methods. Two concepts have been previously reported in the literature to incorporate the effects of drilling parameters on forecasting the life of drill bits. Bit tooth flatness and specific energy approaches were used for assessing the bit tooth wear and predicting the rock formation and its properties being drilled. However, drilling shale formations as well as encountering abnormal geologic formations especially unconformities, reduces the reliability of these methods.
In this paper, a modified technique based on combined bit dullness and specific energy have been used as trending tools for determining the status of the drill bit even in cases where drill torque data is unavailable.
As case studies, currently producing oil wells from southern Iraq are analysed for bit wear. Estimated results of bit wear for each bit run were correlated with the qualitative field bit tooth flatness revealing a successful key index for the suitable time to pull out worn bits. Furthermore, literature values of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the drilled formations were compared with the computed mechanical specific energy (MSE) to validate the obtained results. Good agreement was observed making the study encouraging.
The analysis is promising for evaluating drill bit selection and predicting the type of formation being drilled.
Tengiz Sour Gas Injection Project: An Update
Authors: Urazgaliyeva Gulnara , King Gregory R. , Darmentaev Sabyrzhan , Tursinbayeva Damira , Dunger Darrin , Howery Randy , Zalan Tom , Lindsell Karl , Iskakov Elrad , Turymova Assel , Jenkins Steve , Walker Chuck , Bateman Phil , Aitzhanov Abzal 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The Tengiz oilfield is a giant, carbonate reservoir of Devonian to Carboniferous age located in the Pricaspian Basin of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Gas Injection at the Tengiz field began in January 2007 with sweet gas injection as Phase 1 of the Sour Gas Injection (SGI) pilot project followed by sour gas injection as Phase 2. Phase 2 injection began in October 2007, but was interrupted due to initial start up problems. Continuous sour gas injection was achieved three months later in January 2008.
The SGI project has four signposts for success: compressor reliability, injectivity, wellbore durability, and reservoir performance. The sour gas compressor at Tengiz was the first of its kind and has had greater than 90% availability when the Second Generation Plant (SGP) has been operational (SGI injection gas is produced through SGP). Injectivity has exceeded expectations and wellbore durability has also been excellent. Reservoir performance is a longer term signpost which is monitored though an extensive surveillance program. The Tengiz Reservoir appears to be performing as expected to the sour gas injection.
The SGI project is a first-contact miscible gas injection process consisting of seven inverted five-spot patterns. To expedite data acquisition, the SGI well patterns were designed to include one "super-spot" pattern (twin injectors 100 m apart providing dedicated injection support to different geologic layers) and three short-spaced producers (producer-injector spacing approximately 1/3 of the standard spacing). Tracers, pulse tests, multiphase meters, gas saturation logs, and production and injection logs are used to monitor and understand reservoir performance. A specialized simulation model (the SGI Monitoring Model) was constructed which uses local grid refinement in the SGI pattern area. This model is used to determine how well the reservoir characterization is able to capture the dynamic reservoir response to the miscible SGI process.
An earlier paper (Darmentaev et. al., 2010) discussed preliminary results from the SGI project. The proposed paper will discuss recent results from the reservoir surveillance program, how these recent results compare to the preliminary results, and the integration of all results into our current understanding of SGI performance. In addition, updates to the Monitoring Model, lessons learned and best practices developed since the commencement of sour gas injection will be discussed.
Multidisciplinary Proactive Planning of Data Acquisition in New WWD Wells
Authors: Se Yegor , Macary Sameh , Brantjes Jeroen , Battawy Ahmed 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Tengizchevroil (TCO) has been disposing waste water (produced and industrial) into a shallow sand aquifer for almost 20 years. Waste Water Disposal (WWD) Mining Allotment requests waste water to be contained within certain formation stratigraphically and certain "polygon" laterally. TCO is interested in maintaining high injection rates, maintaining well integrity without compromising regulatory restrictions. There were two new wells recently drilled in the area. These two wells have provided excellent opportunity to acquire core and wireline data to improve the reservoir characterization.
Careful planning and preparation of operating procedures for all operations (site preparation, drilling, coring, core handling and analysis, wireline acquisition and petrophysical interpretation) led to a big success of being drilled below budget and ahead of schedule with zero incidents and injury free. Collaborative discussions with vendors on selecting appropriate equipment and pin pointing the logistic details minimized hassle and potential human error during the operations.
Acquired core from key formations of interest, full suite of wireline logs and two water samples in conjunction with seismic greatly improved understanding of the depositional environment, connectivity and areal extend of numerous sand bodies, including main injection sand. Acquired MDT data confirmed the isolation between main injection interval and overlaying formations. Good quality porosity data and MDT pressure information assisted in modeling efforts to achieve more accurate aquifer size estimation and history match existing pressure data. Acquired information will also help designing a production test with electrical submersible pump (ESP) in a future well in this area.
Overall, the value of acquired information exceeded expectations of all final users. The main reason for such a success is the involvement of almost all stakeholders from the well planning to execution. The well program included actions to fulfill regulatory affairs, reservoir management requisites and improve oil recovery (IOR) project needs to evaluate water sources and reservoir quality for future waterflood project.
Karachaganak - Impact of Complex Internal Geometries on Fluid Flow Paths
Authors: Bigoni F. , Francesconi A. , Tumbarello G. , Tarantini V. , Imagambetov K. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Karachaganak field is one of the largest accumulations of gas-condensate in the world. Located in the northern Pre-Caspian Basin (Kazakhstan), the field is a Permo-Carboniferous isolated carbonate platform with a hydrocarbon column of about 1500 m. In production since 1985, the actual development focuses the oil rim with gas injection implemented, since 2004, in a confined area of the Platform Interior.
Various future development scenarios are now being considered to more fully develop the reservoir, and some of the recovery processes being modeled require an improved understanding of the internal reservoir architecture. In fact the internal reservoir architecture is rather complex, affected by the initial development of aggrading mounds followed by progradation (consisting most likely in a clinoform geometry) passing to cyclic, grain-dominated platform interior sediments. The resulting reservoir quality is quite heterogeneous with low porosity but locally high productivity when affected by micro-fractures and vugs. In this context a deep analysis has been performed considering the location of additional injection in different areas/regions of the field evaluating the possible risks and the uncertainties affecting the liquid recoveries. Nine different areas characterised by specific geological/dynamic behaviour have been investigated. Moreover considering the Prograding area, alternative models were built in order to address the possible impact of Clinoforms on the flow patterns. The final analysis, which takes into consideration the possible liquid recovery and the relevant knowledge and complexity of the different areas, provided an improved view to optimize the future injection. In fact, the Cyclic Platform, where injection has been already implemented, appears to be the best candidate; other areas, although affected by a certain degree of uncertainty, also seem promising from the recovery point of view, while some other regions, characterised by high compartmentalisation, appear to be less interesting.
Integrated Approach for Fluid Identification and Flow Profile Determination Using Advanced Production Logging Tools and Techniques
Authors: Timonin Andrey , El Battawy Ahmed , Kubekbayev Izbergen , Pakozdi Gabor 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In a gas-condensate field in Kazakhstan, advanced production logging tools and techniques were used to assess well productivity, characterize flow profiles, and determine hydrocarbon saturation pressure at downhole well flowing conditions.
The exploration and appraisal wells produce from a complex carbonate reservoir. To assess well productivity, each well was perforated and tested across each formation separately. Intervals to perforate were selected based on petrophysical log evaluation, core analysis, and the results of selective testing with a wireline formation tester. While testing these wells, production logging data were acquired at different downhole flowing pressures and a detailed analysis of gas holdup measurements with optical probes enabled the determination of the dew-point pressure of produced gas-condensate.
Such analysis is beneficial, especially when pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) analysis of produced fluid is not yet available for exploration and appraisal wells. Further comparison of wireline-acquired PVT samples showed good agreement between measured dew-point pressure from the production logging tool and PVT laboratory analysis results.
In the field, production logging helped in understanding well behavior by locating producing intervals in wells that have more than one perforated interval or produce from only one long perforated interval that has several producing intervals. Field experience verifies that a properly planned and executed production logging operation can yield invaluable early information for key investment decisions and complement the results of the well test.
Petroleum Systems Modeling and Exploration Risk Assessment for the Eastern Margin of the Precaspian Basin
Authors: Rayeva Nurgul , Kosnazarova Nurgul , Arykbayeva Zhuldyz , Shaikhina Dana 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The current paper describes the application of petroleum systems modeling of Eastern Margin of the Precaspian basin with the aim of determination of potentially prolific areas for hydrocarbons and exploration risks assessment.
The main objective of the study was to build a static petroleum systems model which is capable to reproduce the existing hydrocarbon (HC) fields and therefore applicable to be used as a predictive tool for delineating the prospective hydrocarbon areas.
The presalt sequence of the basin was assessed considering different scenarios. Applying petroleum systems 1D modeling, petroleum systems quick-look analysis and play chance mapping technologies the main elements of petroleum systems were characterized in accordance with available structural, geochemical and petrophysical information and exploration risks were assessed.
The results of 1D petroleum systems modeling allowed us to calibrate the heat flow and temperature gradients for the static model. The simulation results of potential hydrocarbon migration and accumulation showed good correlation with the existing hydrocarbon fields. Finally, the results of the exploration risks assessment with indication of areas with high hydrocarbon potential were obtained.
Overall, the value and importance of petroleum systems modeling and risk assessment is highlighted in the current work. Particularly the most interesting and potentially prolific areas of the Eastern Margin of the Precaspian basin are identified.
The procedure and results presented in the paper can widely be used in the other studies in Precaspian region.
A New Era of Effective Reservoir Management: Completion and Stimulation Technology Evolution in the Karachaganak Field
Authors: Adeleke Justus , Saada Tamer , Pitoni Enzo , Vegliante Enzo , Kushkumbayeva Gulmira , Itisheva Zhanna 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
To improve reservoir management and field recovery, Karachaganak Petroleum Operating b.v. (KPO), the operator of the giant Karachaganak gas-condensate field in Kazakhstan, drills long horizontal wells and then stimulates them with acid. A variety of different acid stimulation techniques have been used, progressing from simple acid washes to high rate matrix acid treatments and hydraulic fracturing with gelled acid. With the advent of mechanical downhole diversion equipment, KPO now performs multistage selective acid stimulation treatments using Swell Packers for isolation and Ball Activated Multistage Selective Valves for selection stimulation and effective reservoir management.
To date, KPO has drilled several long horizontal wells, completed them with multistage selective completions and stimulated the wells using acid. Analysis of both pre- and post-stimulation pressure build-up tests from these wells has shown the benefit of using this completion technique with improvements in both productivity index (PI) and flow capacity (Kh). There is also a significant improvement in the flow profile along the wellbore which is a direct result of being able to control where the acid enters the formation rather than it treating a limited interval. Future reservoir fluid management will also be enhanced with this completion technique as it will be easier to isolate zones should they start producing water. KPO’s use of swelling packers for selective stimulation has been extended to restoring or enhancing production from existing wells
This paper summarises the on-going Multistage Selective Acid Stimulation (MSSAS) treatments, with emphasis on the treatment definition process for each stage, and presents initial quantitative conclusions from the analysis of the pre-post-stimulation well tests, production behaviour and fluids production profile with available PLT.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials on Chemomechanical Caries Removal
Authors: Hamama HHH , Yiu CKY , Burrow MF , King NM 
Published: July 2015

SUMMARY

Objectives
The aim of this review was to assess the methodologies used in previously published prospective randomized clinical trials on chemomechanical caries removal and to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the differences in the excavation time between chemomechanical and conventional caries removal methods.

Methods
An electronic search was performed using Scopus, PubMed, EBSCO host, and Cochrane Library databases. The following categories were excluded during the assessment process: non-English studies published before 2000, animal studies, review articles, laboratory studies, case reports, and nonrandomized or retrospective clinical trials. The methodologies of the selected clinical trials were assessed. Furthermore, the reviewed clinical trials were subjected to meta-analysis for quantifying the differences in excavation time between the chemomechanical and the conventional caries removal techniques.

Results
Only 19 randomized clinical trials fit the inclusion criteria of this systematic review. None of the 19 reviewed trials completely fulfilled Delphi's ideal criteria for quality assessment of randomized clinical trials. The meta-analysis results revealed that the shortest mean excavation time was recorded for rotary caries excavation (2.99±0.001 minutes), followed by the enzyme-based chemomechanical caries removal method (6.36±0.08 minutes) and the the hand excavation method (atraumatic restorative technique; 6.98±0.17 minutes). The longest caries excavation time was recorded for the sodium hypochlorite-based chemomechanical caries removal method (8.12±0.02 minutes).

Conclusions
It was found that none of the current reviewed trials fulfilled all the ideal requirements of clinical trials. Furthermore, the current scientific evidence shows that the sodium hypochlorite-based (Carisolv) chemomechanical caries removal method was more time consuming when compared to the enzyme-based (Papacarie) chemomechanical and the conventional caries removal methods. Further prospective randomized controlled clinical trials evaluating the long-term follow-up of papain-treated permanent teeth are needed.