bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and risk stratification of prostate cancer in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy
Authors: Buse Stephan , Höfner Thomas , Müller Stephan C , Hermann Edwin , Wieland Wolf F , May Matthias , Stief Christian G , Bastian Patrick J , Hohenfellner Markus , Haferkamp Axel 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of incidental prostate cancer in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder malignancy; to quantify the association between incidental prostate cancer and mortality in these patients; and to quantify the association between incidental prostate cancer and age in radical cystoprostatectomy specimens.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder malignancy at six academic institutions were assessed. End‐points were the histological diagnosis of prostate cancer in the radical cystoprostatectomy specimens and mortality. The association between incidental prostate cancer and mortality was calculated by multivariable Cox regression, and the association between age and the occurrence of prostate cancer was calculated by logistic regression.ResultsA total of 1122 patients (aged 65.6 ± 10 years) were included in this analysis. Prostate cancer was detected in 17.8% (n = 200) of the cystoprostatectomy specimens. After multivariable adjustment, prostate cancer was significantly associated with mortality (hazard ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.56). There was a significant association between age and the presence of prostate cancer in the cystoprostatectomy specimen. The odds ratio for the presence of prostate cancer was 1.028 (95% confidence interval 1.011–1.045; P < 0.001) per each year after the age of 40 years.ConclusionsConcomitant prostate cancer is an independent prognostic factor for mortality after radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer. When considering a prostate‐sparing technique, urologists should consider that every fifth to sixth patient will present with a concomitant prostate cancer, and that after the age of 40 years, the odds of a concomitant prostate cancer increases by 2.8% per year, thus warranting a careful balance between the oncological risks and quality of life issues.
Preoperative assessment by magnetic resonance imaging is useful for planning the treatment of an enlarged uterus by total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: Hatta Koji , Terai Yoshito , Okuda Kiyoji , Nakamura Yoshihiro , Yoo Saha , Tanaka Yoshimichi , Tsunetoh Satoshi , Hayashi Atsushi , Yamashita Yoshiki , Ohmichi Masahide 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to compare the intraoperative and postoperative parameters among the three approaches used to treat large uterine myomas: laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) and abdominal hysterectomy, and to evaluate the selection criteria for laparoscopic hysterectomy as determined by magnetic resonance imaging.Material and MethodsThe medical records of 155 patients who underwent a hysterectomy between January 2007 and April 2010 were examined. We also compared the indications and outcomes of LAVH and TLH for myomas larger than 7 cm.ResultsPatients who underwent LAVH or TLH had a lower average intraoperative blood loss, less intense postoperative pain, and shorter hospital stays than patients in the TAH group, although the length of the operations in the laparoscopic groups were significantly longer. To evaluate the selection criteria for the large sized myomas, we compared the LAVH and TLH groups for the myomas larger than 7 cm. The greatest uterine transverse diameters and the weight of the uteri were not significantly different between the LAVH and TLH groups (94.7 ± 20.8 and 83.1 ± 17.6 mm, 371.6 ± 160.3 and 286.7 ± 158.0 g, respectively). The average intraoperative blood loss in the TLH group was significantly lower than that in the LAVH (121.3 ± 111.2 vs 379.3 ± 222.4 g, P < 0.001).ConclusionOur data suggest that TLH is a better procedure for treating a large uterus no larger than 10 cm in its greatest transverse diameter. The preoperative total length of myoma nodules determined by MRI is a useful preoperative indicator of the uterine weight.
New horizon on successful management for a woman with repeated implantation failure due to unresponsive thin endometrium: Use of extended estrogen supplementation
Authors: Shen Meng‐Shun , Wang Chia‐Woei , Chen Chi‐Huang , Tzeng Chii‐Ruey 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn adequate thickness and pattern of the pre‐ovulatory endometrium is considered one of the essential requirements for a successful pregnancy. Although various methods for increasing endometrial thickness have been proposed, the real value of these interventions remains controversial. Here, we present a case of successful administration of extended estrogen supplementation before conventional controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in a woman who had experienced repeated implantation failure because of an unresponsive thin endometrium. After the estrogen supplement was administrated for an extended period, the in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer in this patient led to an uneventful twin pregnancy and delivery at term.
Symptomatic deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity in a pregnant woman successfully treated with endovascular procedures
Authors: Yamagami Takuji , Yoshimatsu Rika , Okubo Tomoharu , Tanaka Osamu , Miura Hiroshi , Yamada Kei , Kitawaki Jo , Tsuji Hajime 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe report a pregnant woman with symptomatic deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity distributing in the left iliac, femoral, popliteal and calf veins. Systemic anticoagulation therapy failed; however, treatment was successful through a combination of various endovascular procedures, including catheter‐directed thrombolysis. During the therapies, an optional inferior vena cava filter was implanted to protect against the development of pulmonary embolism.
A Comparative Study of Environmental Impacts of Two Delivery Systems in the Business‐to‐Customer Book Retail Sector
Authors: Zhang Liyi , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2013

SummaryChina has the highest carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the world. In China, logistics accounts for a significant portion of the total energy use and CO2 emissions in business‐to‐customer (B2C) retailing. This study focuses on the environmental impacts of B2C delivery in China, focusing on the book retail industry. Mathematical models are proposed based on the practical operations of the “e‐commerce networked delivery” (END) system and the “sustainable networked delivery” (SND) system. The energy consumption and CO2 emissions per book are then determined and compared for the two systems. Furthermore, we contrast the findings with those of similar studies conducted for other countries and provide explanations for the differences. The results show that (1) in general, in China, the SND system is better than the END system in terms of environmental impacts; (2) the END system in China generates fewer environmental impacts than those in the United States and the United Kingdom, while the SND system in China has greater environmental impacts than that in the United States; and (3) the wide use of vehicles such as electric bicycles that have low energy consumption rates contributes to the reduction of environmental impacts per book in both the END and SND systems in China. The limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
A Semiparametric Censoring Bias Model for Estimating the Cumulative Risk of a False‐Positive Screening Test Under Dependent Censoring
Authors: Hubbard Rebecca A. , Miglioretti Diana L. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryFalse‐positive test results are among the most common harms of screening tests and may lead to more invasive and expensive diagnostic testing procedures. Estimating the cumulative risk of a false‐positive screening test result after repeat screening rounds is, therefore, important for evaluating potential screening regimens. Existing estimators of the cumulative false‐positive risk are limited by strong assumptions about censoring mechanisms and parametric assumptions about variation in risk across screening rounds. To address these limitations, we propose a semiparametric censoring bias model for cumulative false‐positive risk that allows for dependent censoring without specifying a fixed functional form for variation in risk across screening rounds. Simulation studies demonstrated that the censoring bias model performs similarly to existing models under independent censoring and can largely eliminate bias under dependent censoring. We used the existing and newly proposed models to estimate the cumulative false‐positive risk and variation in risk as a function of baseline age and family history of breast cancer after 10 years of annual screening mammography using data from the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. Ignoring potential dependent censoring in this context leads to underestimation of the cumulative risk of false‐positive results. Models that provide accurate estimates under dependent censoring are critical for providing appropriate information for evaluating screening tests.
The contribution of feeding mode to obesogenic growth trajectories in American Samoan infants
Authors: Hawley N. L. , Johnson W. , Nu'usolia O. , McGarvey S. T. 
Published: February 2013

Summary
What is already known about this subject
Samoan adults are recognized for their particularly high body mass index and prevalent obesity.
While Polynesians are understudied, in other populations infancy is a critical period in the development of obesity.
Breastfeeding has been shown to attenuate obesity risk.

What this study adds
Samoan infants show remarkably rapid gain in weight but not length in early infancy resulting in a prevalence of overweight and obesity far higher than has been previously reported elsewhere.
Breastfeeding is associated with slower weight gain in infancy suggesting that its protective benefits for obesity risk are generalizable outside of European‐derived populations.
BackgroundSamoans are recognized for their particularly high body mass index and prevalent adult obesity but infants are understudied.ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and determine the contribution of feeding mode to obesogenic growth trajectories in American Samoan infants.MethodsData were extracted from the well baby records of 795 (n = 417 male) Samoan infants aged 0–15 months. Mixed‐effects growth models were used to produce individual weight and length curves. Further mixed‐effects models were fitted with feeding mode (breastfed, formula‐ or mixed‐fed) as a single observation at age 4 (±2) months. Weight and length values were converted to z‐scores according to the Centers for Disease Control 2000 reference.ResultsAt 15 months, 23.3% of boys and 16.7% of girls were obese (weight‐for‐length > 95th percentile). Feeding mode had a significant effect on weight and length trajectories. Formula‐fed infants gained weight and length faster than breastfed infants. Formula‐fed boys were significantly more likely to be obese at 15 months (38.6%) than breastfed boys (23.4%), χ2 = 8.4, P < 0.01, odds ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval (1.04, 4.05).ConclusionObesity in American Samoans is not confined to adults. Obesity prevention efforts should be targeted at early life and promotion of breastfeeding may be a suitable intervention target.
Change in body composition during a weight loss trial in obese adolescents
Authors: Parks E. P. , Zemel B. , Moore R. H. , Berkowitz R. I. 
Published: February 2013

What is already known about this subject
Adolescence is an important period of physiological growth.
Loss of central adiposity with preservation of lean mass during weight loss is optimal.
There are discrepancies in the literature concerning changes in lean mass during weight loss in adolescents.

What this study adds
This study provides information of regional and total body composition change in adolescents during weight loss.
This study controls for important factors that impact body composition in growing adolescents such as age, sex, height, baseline weight and race.
This study provides correlations of changes in waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) with total and trunk fat mass during weight loss in adolescents.
SummaryBackgroundChanges in body composition during weight loss among obese adolescents are poorly understood. This study characterized the composition of weight loss and its association with changes in waist circumference (WC) in obese adolescents.MethodsTotal (Tot), trunk (Tr) and appendicular (Ap) fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) were measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry in 61 obese adolescents (40 girls) who participated in a randomized controlled weight loss trial. Changes in body composition were assessed at 0, 6 and 12 months using mixed‐effects regression models. Correlation analysis of change in WC and total and regional compartments of FM and LM were assessed.ResultsWeight loss for adolescents was 90.3% FM and 15.9% LM at 0–6 months, and 98.2% FM and 7% LM at 0–12 months. At 12 months, girls lost 2.67 kg more TotFM than boys in models adjusted for height, age, race and baseline weight. Boys gained LM in all compartments in all models. At 12 months, girls lost TotLM (2.23 ± 0.74, P < 0.004) and ApLM (0.69 ± 0.31, P = 0.03) and gained TrLM (0.37 ± 0.35, P = 0.29). The percentage LM, increased for boys and girls in all models. TotFM was correlated with body mass index (BMI) change with TotFM (R = 0.70–0.91, P = 0.001) and WC change (R = 0.53–0.55, P < 0.001).ConclusionsWeight loss in obese adolescents during a weight loss trial using lifestyle management and sibutramine was primarily from trunk FM. Although absolute LM increased in boys and decreased in girls, the percentage of weight that is LM increased for both boys and girls. Changes in BMI were more reflective of changes in FM than changes in WC.
Infiltration of myeloid cells into decidua is a critical early event in the labour cascade and post‐partum uterine remodelling
Authors: Shynlova Oksana , Nedd‐Roderique Tamara , Li Yunqing , Dorogin Anna , Nguyen Tina , Lye Stephen J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLeucocyte infiltration in the decidua (maternal–foetal interface) before, during and after term (TL) and preterm labour (PTL) was studied in mouse. We also investigated the mechanism of peripheral leucocyte recruitment into decidua by analysing the tissue cytokine profiles. Decidual tissues were collected during late gestation, TL and post‐partum (PP). PTL was initiated on gestational day 15 by intrauterine injection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 125 μg) or progesterone signalling antagonism by RU486. Animals were killed during PTL or PP. Decidua basalis was analysed using FACS and immunohistochemistry. Markers of myeloid cell differentiation (Gr1, Ly6G, Neu7/4, F4/80) were assessed to define tissue monocytes (M), neutrophils (N) and macrophages (Macs). Flow cytometry revealed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in decidual Macs prior to TL; M and N numbers increased during TL and further increased during PP, which correlated with immunohistochemistry data. Massive influx of N, but not Macs and M, was detected by FACS during LPS‐PTL (P < 0.05) but not RU486‐PTL. Highest levels of N infiltration into the decidua occurred PP in both LPS and RU486 groups. Decidual infiltration during TL and RU486‐PTL was accompanied by an increase in pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL1b and IL6) and CCL2 chemokine; LPS‐PTL showed increases in multiple cytokines. PP period following TL and PTL was associated with further up‐regulation of multiple cytokines/chemokines (P < 0.05). Our data suggest a programme of myeloid cells involvement in parturition with the pre‐partum influx of Macs into the decidua contributing to the progression of labour, whereas the later influx of M and N contribute to PP decidual involution.
Enhanced hippocampus‐dependent memory and reduced anxiety in mice over‐expressing human catalase in mitochondria
Authors: Olsen Reid H. J. , Johnson Lance A. , Zuloaga Damian G. , Limoli Charles L. , Raber Jacob 
Published: February 2013

AbstractOxidative stress (OS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a modulatory role in synaptic plasticity and signaling pathways. Mitochondria (MT), a major source of ROS because of their involvement in energy metabolism, are important for brain function. MT‐generated ROS are proposed to be responsible for a significant proportion of OS and are associated with developmental abnormalities and aspects of cellular aging. The role of ROS and MT function in cognition of healthy individuals is relatively understudied. In this study, we characterized behavioral and cognitive performance of 5‐ to 6‐month‐old mice over‐expressing mitochondrial catalase (MCAT). MCAT mice showed enhancements in hippocampus‐dependent spatial learning and memory in the water maze and contextual fear conditioning, and reduced measures of anxiety in the elevated zero maze. Catalase activity was elevated in MCAT mice in all brain regions examined. Measures of oxidative stress (glutathione, protein carbonyl content, lipid peroxidation, and 8‐hydroxyguanine) did not significantly differ between the groups. The lack of differences in these markers of oxidative stress suggests that the differences observed in this study may be due to altered redox signaling. Catalase over‐expression might be sufficient to enhance cognition and reduce measures of anxiety even in the absence of alteration in levels of OS.
Ultrasound‐accelerated catheter‐directed thrombolysis for the management of postpartum deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Dumantepe Mert , Tarhan Ibrahım Arif , Yurdakul Ilhan , Ozler Azmi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPregnancy and the postpartum period are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, which remains an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Although oral or systemic anticoagulation therapy may minimize thrombus propagation, it remains ineffective in removing thrombus burden and consequently does not prevent post‐thrombotic syndrome. A novel technique, ultrasound accelerated catheter directed thrombolysis (UACDT), has been developed to rapidly and completely resolve thrombus. While pregnancy and the postpartum period are generally considered as contraindications for thrombolysis, we demonstrate in this case study the safety and effectiveness of using UACDT to treat symptomatic, postpartum, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis after only an overnight infusion.
Agroinoculation of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus cDNA clones results in plant systemic infection and efficient Polymyxa betae transmission
Authors: Delbianco Alice , Lanzoni Chiara , Klein Elodie , Rubies Autonell Concepcion , Gilmer David , Ratti Claudio 
Published: February 2013

SummaryAgroinoculation is a quick and easy method for the infection of plants with viruses. This method involves the infiltration of tissue with a suspension of Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying binary plasmids harbouring full‐length cDNA copies of viral genome components. When transferred into host cells, transcription of the cDNA produces RNA copies of the viral genome that initiate infection. We produced full‐length cDNA corresponding to Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) RNAs and derived replicon vectors expressing viral and fluorescent proteins in pJL89 binary plasmid under the control of the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. We infected Nicotiana benthamiana and Beta macrocarpa plants with BNYVV by leaf agroinfiltration of combinations of agrobacteria carrying full‐length cDNA clones of BNYVV RNAs. We validated the ability of agroclones to reproduce a complete viral cycle, from replication to cell‐to‐cell and systemic movement and, finally, plant‐to‐plant transmission by its plasmodiophorid vector. We also showed successful root agroinfection of B. vulgaris, a new tool for the assay of resistance to rhizomania, the sugar beet disease caused by BNYVV.
Spectroscopic sensitivity of real‐time, rapidly induced phytochemical change in response to damage
Authors: Couture John J. , Serbin Shawn P. , Townsend Philip A. 
Published: February 2013

Summary

An ecological consequence of plant–herbivore interactions is the phytochemical induction of defenses in response to insect damage. Here, we used reflectance spectroscopy to characterize the foliar induction profile of cardenolides in Asclepias syriaca in response to damage, tracked in vivo changes and examined the influence of multiple plant traits on cardenolide concentrations.

Foliar cardenolide concentrations were measured at specific time points following damage to capture their induction profile. Partial least‐squares regression (PLSR) modeling was employed to calibrate cardenolide concentrations to reflectance spectroscopy. In addition, subsets of plants were either repeatedly sampled to track in vivo changes or modified to reduce latex flow to damaged areas.

Cardenolide concentrations and the induction profile of A. syriaca were well predicted using models derived from reflectance spectroscopy, and this held true for repeatedly sampled plants. Correlations between cardenolides and other foliar‐related variables were weak or not significant. Plant modification for latex reduction inhibited an induced cardenolide response.

Our findings show that reflectance spectroscopy can characterize rapid phytochemical changes in vivo. We used reflectance spectroscopy to identify the mechanisms behind the production of plant secondary metabolites, simultaneously characterizing multiple foliar constituents. In this case, cardenolide induction appears to be largely driven by enhanced latex delivery to leaves following damage.
The health care professionals' perspectives of collaboration in rehabilitation – an interview study
Authors: Kraft Mia , Blomberg Karin , Hedman Ann‐Marie Rydholm 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundIn previous literature, it has been recognised that the extent to which different healthcare professionals collaborate may affect both the quality and safety of care, and patient outcomes. Collaboration appears to be an essential part of professional practice, yet there is a lack of knowledge and understanding of collaboration in the context of short‐term care units. Therefore, this study was undertaken to better understand how professionals in this context view collaboration.AimTo describe collaboration in rehabilitation from the perspective of healthcare professionals.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with ten healthcare professionals, including: occupational therapists, physiotherapists and nurses, who worked in three different short‐term care settings. The interviews were transcribed, and qualitative content analysis was used.FindingsFour categories, all of which included both positive and negative descriptions of collaboration, were identified: (i) Crossing professional and organisational boundaries (ii) Awareness of own professional identity (iii) Information and knowledge transfer and (iv) Balancing between patient, system and process.ConclusionsThe findings indicate the importance of leadership and organisational structures for stimulating communication, and promoting collaboration between team members. In addition, working as a professional in short‐term care requires individual skills in collaboration efforts, including awareness of one's own professional identity.Relevance to clinical practiceOpportunities for supervision could be one way to increase individuals' awareness of their own role in the team.