bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and predictive models for frozen shoulder
Authors: Sun Guanjun , Li Qingshan , Yin Yi , Fu Weili , He Ke , Pen Xu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to explore the risk factors associated with frozen shoulder (FS) and develop a predictive model for diagnosing FS, in order to facilitate early detection of the condition. A total of 103 patients diagnosed with FS and admitted to the Department of Joint Surgery at Suining Central Hospital between October 2021 and October 2023 were consecutively included in the study. Additionally, 309 individuals without shoulder joint diseases, matched for age and gender, who visited the department during the same time, were included as the control group.The complete recording of clinical data for all patients was followed by the utilization of statistical tests such as the Mann–Whitney U test, sample t test, and chi-square test to compare different groups. Additionally, multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of FS in patients, leading to the establishment of a prediction model and derivation of a simplified equation. The diagnostic effectiveness of individual indicators and prediction models was assessed through the use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. In the sample of 103 individuals, 35 were identified as male and 68 as female, with an average age range of 40–70 years (mean age: 54.20 ± 6.82 years). The analysis conducted between different groups revealed that individuals with a low body mass index (BMI), in conjunction with other factors such as diabetes, cervical spondylosis, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia, were more susceptible to developing FS. Logistic regression analysis further indicated that low BMI, diabetes, cervical spondylosis, and hyperlipidemia were significant risk factors for the occurrence of FS. These variables were subsequently incorporated into a predictive model, resulting in the creation of a simplified equation.The ROC curve demonstrated that the combined indicators in the predictive model exhibited superior diagnostic efficacy compared to single indicators, as evidenced by an area under the curve of 0.787, sensitivity of 62.1%, and specificity of 82.2%. Low BMI, diabetes, cervical spondylosis, and hyperlipidemia are significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of FS. Moreover, the utilization of a prediction model has demonstrated superior capability in forecasting the likelihood of FS compared to relying solely on individual indicators. This finding holds potential in offering valuable insights for the early diagnosis of FS.
A reinforcement learning method for two‐layer shipboard real‐time energy management considering battery state estimation
Authors: Zhang Huayue , Wen Shuli , Gu Mingchang , Zhu Miao , Ye Huili 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIncreasing global environmental concerns encourage a continuous reduction in carbon emissions from the shipping industry. It has become an irreversible trend to replace traditional fossil fuels with advanced energy storage technology. However, an improper energy management leads to not only energy waste but also undesired costs and emissions. Accordingly, the authors develop a two‐layer shipboard energy management framework. In the initial stage, a shipboard navigation planning problem is formulated that considers battery state estimation and is subsequently solved using particle swarm optimisation to obtain an optimal speed trajectory. To track the scheduled speed, a reinforcement learning method based on a deep Q‐Network is proposed in the second stage to realise real‐time energy management of the diesel generator and energy storage system. This approach ensures that the state of charge remains within a safe range and that the performance is improved, avoiding excessive discharge from the energy storage systems and further enhancing the efficiency. The numerical results demonstrate the necessity and effectiveness of the proposed method.
A search for Galactic post-asymptotic giant branch stars in Gaia DR3
Authors: González-Santamaría I. , Manteiga M. , Manchado A. , Villaver E. , Ulla A. , Dafonte C. 
Published: July 2024

Context. When low- and intermediate-mass stars leave the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase, and before they reach the planetary nebula stage, they enter a very brief and rather puzzling stellar evolutionary stage called post-AGB stage. The post-AGB phase lasts very briefly, about a few thousand years at most. The number of objects that are confirmed in this phase therefore is really small, and our understanding of this elusive stellar evolutionary stage is accordingly very limited.
Aims. We provide a reliable catalogue of Galactic post-AGB stars together with their physical and evolutionary properties obtained through Gaia DR3 astrometry and photometry. As an added product, we provide information for a sample of other types of stellar objects, whose observational properties mimic those of post-AGB stars.
Methods. Post-AGB stars are characterised by their infrared excesses and high luminosities. The publication of precise parallaxes in Gaia DR3 made it possible to calculate accurate distances and to revise the derivation of luminosities for post-AGB candidates, so that objects outside the expected luminosity range can be discarded. We started by identifying post-AGB stars or possible candidates from the bibliography, and we then searched for their Gaia DR3 counterpart sources. Using the available photometry, interstellar extinction, spectroscopically derived temperatures or spectral types and parallax-derived distances from the literature, we fitted their spectral energy distributions and estimated their luminosities and circumstellar extinctions. By a comparison to models, the luminosity values allowed us to determine which objects are likely post-AGB stars from other target types. Their position in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram allows a direct comparison with updated post-AGB evolutionary tracks and an estimation of their masses and evolutionary ages.
Results. We obtained a sample of 69 reliable post-AGB candidates that meet our classification criteria, which provide their coordinates, distances, effective temperature, interstellar and circumstellar extinction, luminosity, mass, and evolutionary age. In addition, we provide similar data for other stellar objects in our initial compilation, such as supergiant stars and young stellar objects. Our identifications and parameters are compared with others found in the recent literature for the subject.
Conclusions. We selected the data with the best precision in parallax and distance to obtain more accurate luminosities, which allowed us to confidently classify the objects of the sample in different stellar phases. In turn, this allowed us to provide a small but reliable sample of post-AGB objects. The derived mean evolutionary time and average mass values agree with theoretical expectations and with the mean mass value obtained in a previous work for the subsequent evolutionary stage, the planetary nebula stage.
Magnetic field and kinetic helicity evolution in simulations of interacting disk galaxies
Authors: Selg S. , Schmidt W. 
Published: July 2024

Context. There are indications that the magnetic field evolution in galaxies is influenced by tidal interactions and mergers between galaxies.
Aims. We carried out a parameter study of interacting disk galaxies with impact parameters ranging from central collisions to weakly interacting scenarios. The orientations of the disks were also varied. In particular, we investigated how magnetic field amplification depends on these parameters.
Methods. We used magnetohydrodynamics for gas disks in combination with live dark-matter halos in adaptive mesh refinement simulations. The disks were initialized using a setup for isolated disks in hydrostatic equilibrium. Since we focused on the impact of tidal forces on magnetic field evolution, adiabatic physics was applied. Small-scale filtering of the velocity and magnetic field allowed us to estimate the turbulent electromotive force (EMF) and kinetic helicity.
Results. Time series of the average magnetic field in central and outer disk regions show pronounced peaks during close encounters and mergers. This agrees with observed magnetic fields at different interaction stages. The central field strength exceeds 10 μG (corresponding to an amplification factor of 2–3) for small impact parameters. As the disks are increasingly disrupted and turbulence is produced by tidal forces, the small-scale EMF reaches a significant fraction of the total EMF. The small-scale kinetic helicity is initially antisymmetric across the disk plane. Though its evolution is sensitive to both the impact parameter and inclinations of the rotation axes with respect to the relative motion of the disks, antisymmetry is generally broken through interactions and the merger remnant loses most of the initial helicity. The EMF and the magnetic field also decay rapidly after coalescence.
Conclusions. The strong amplification during close encounters of the interacting galaxies is mostly driven by helical flows and a mean-field dynamo. The small-scale dynamo contributes significantly in post-interaction phases. However, the amplification of the magnetic field cannot be sustained.
Mit Leichtigkeit tanzen – Verletzungsprophylaxe im Hochleistungstanz
Authors: Kaufmann Judith-Elisa , Keller Cindy 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungLeistungsorientierte Tänzer haben ein hohes Verletzungsrisiko. Ihre Sportart erfordert außergewöhnliche Fähigkeiten. Behandelnde Therapeuten und Ärzte sollten darüber Bescheid wissen, um leistungsorientierte Tänzer sowohl bei der Prävention als auch bei der Genesung optimal unterstützen zu können.
Grundlagen der Tanzmedizin
Authors: Exner-Grave Elisabeth 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDer moderne Tanz mit all seinen Formen hat eine lange Tradition. Er ist nicht nur „Freizeitbeschäftigung“, sondern für professionelle Tänzerinnen und Tänzer Hochleistungssport – sei es im Ballett, im Tanztheater oder beim „Breaken“. Die recht junge Disziplin der „Tanzmedizin“ hat sich auf diesen besonderen Sport spezialisiert.
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy in Septic Patients: Mixed Retrospective and Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Yuting , Zhang Liying , Wang Youquan , Gao Meng , Zhang Chaoyang , Zhang Yuhan , Zhang Dong 
Published: July 2024

Background Sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) is a common cause of poor prognosis in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, currently there are no tools specifically designed for predicting the occurrence of SIC in septic patients earlier. This study aimed to develop a predictive nomogram incorporating clinical markers and scoring systems to individually predict the probability of SIC in septic patients.
Methods Patients consecutively recruited in the stage between January 2022 and April 2023 constituted the development cohort for retrospective analysis to internally test the nomogram, and patients in the stage between May 2023 to November 2023 constituted the validation cohort for prospective analysis to externally validate the nomogram. Univariate logistic regression analysis of the development cohort was performed firstly, and then multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using backward stepwise method to determine the best-fitting model and obtain the nomogram from it. The nomogram was validated in an independent external validation cohort, involving discrimination and calibration. A decision curve analysis was also performed to evaluate the net benefit of the insertion decision with this nomogram.
Results A total of 548 and 245 patients, 55.1 and 49.4% with SIC occurrence, were included in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. Predictors contained in the prediction nomogram included shock, platelets, and international normalized ratio (INR). Patients with shock (odds ratio [OR]: 4.499; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.730–7.414; p < 0.001), higher INR (OR: 349.384; 95% CI: 62.337–1958.221; p < 0.001), and lower platelet (OR: 0.985; 95% CI: 0.982–0.988; p < 0.001) had higher probabilities of SIC. The development model showed good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.879 (95% CI: 0.850–0.908) and good calibration. Application of the nomogram in the validation cohort also gave good discrimination with an AUROC of 0.872 (95% CI: 0.826–0.917) and good calibration. The decision curve analysis of the nomogram provided better net benefit than the alternate options (intervention or no intervention).
Conclusion By incorporating shock, platelets, and INR in the model, this useful nomogram could be accessibly utilized to predict SIC occurrence in septic patients. However, external validation is still required for further generalizability improvement of this nomogram.
Selective Synthesis of Deuterated cis- and trans-Isohumulones and trans-Isohumulinones
Authors: Hamper Bruce C. , Campbell Hunter J. , Luo Rensheng , Murphy Matthew , Gleason Patrick , Smith Trevor , Jagan Rajamoni 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeuterated isohumulones can be prepared directly from humulones by an acyloin ring contraction under either magnesium-catalyzed basic conditions or by photochemical-induced reactions in deuterated solvents. Reactions of humulones with biphasic methylene chloride/aqueous NaOD and MgSO4 in D2O leads to stereoselective formation of cis-d
3-isohumulones (cis/trans ratio of 82:18) as the magnesium salts in yields of 71–83%. Greater than 95% incorporation of three deuterons is observed at the C5 position of the pentenone ring and the methylene position of the C4 acyl group. Photochemical isomerization with a 400 nm blue LED source enables stereospecific formation of deuterated trans-isohumulones in 36–82% yield with greater than 95% incorporation of deuterium at the C5 ring position. Oxidation of humulones with cumene hydroperoxide in basic D2O gives isohumulinones with partial 55–73% incorporation of deuterium due to keto–enol isomerization of the methylene substituent of the C4 acyl group. The structural identities of the deuterated products are determined by a combination of negative-mode electrospray mass spectrometry (MS-ESI–) and 2D heteronuclear proton–carbon HMQC NMR analysis.
Elevated HSPB1 Expression Is Associated with a Poor Prognosis in Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Fang Zhaohua , Gui Yongping , Xi Bin , Xie Zhiping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive form of brain cancer. This study investigated the clinical predictive value of heat shock protein β1 (HSPB1) in patients with GBM.
Methods A correlation was established between HSPB1 expression and GBM progression using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas dataset, Gene Expression Omnibus dataset, and Human Protein Atlas database. A survival analysis was conducted and an HSPB1-based nomogram was constructed to evaluate the prognostic value of HSPB1 in patients with GBM.
Results Based on TCGA data mining, we discovered that HSPB1 was significantly elevated in patients with GBM and may reflect their response to immunotherapy. In survival analysis, it appeared to have a predictive role in the prognosis of patients with GBM. Five signaling pathways were significantly enriched in the high HSPB1 expression phenotype according to the gene set enrichment analysis. In addition, a significant association was found between HSPB1 expression and immune checkpoints, tumor immune infiltration, tumor immune microenvironment, and immune cell markers in glioma. Overall, our results suggest that HSPB1 may regulate the function of immune cells, serve as a new immunotherapy target, and predict the response to immunotherapy in patients with GBM.
Conclusion HSPB1 appears to serve as a potential predictor of the clinical prognosis and response to immunotherapy in patients with GBM. It may be possible to identify patients who are likely to benefit from immunotherapy by assessing the expression level of HSPB1.
Predicting Provider Workload Using Predicted Patient Risk Score and Social Determinants of Health in Primary Care Setting
Authors: Jiang Yiqun , Huang Yu-Li , Watral Alexandra , Blocker Renaldo C. , Rushlow David R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Provider burnout due to workload is a significant concern in primary care settings. Workload for primary care providers encompasses both scheduled visit care and non–visit care interactions. These interactions are highly influenced by patients' health conditions or acuity, which can be measured by the Adjusted Clinical Group (ACG) score. However, new patients typically have minimal health information beyond social determinants of health (SDOH) to determine ACG score.
Objectives This study aims to assess new patient workload by first predicting the ACG score using SDOH, age, and gender and then using this information to estimate the number of appointments (scheduled visit care) and non–visit care interactions.
Methods Two years of appointment data were collected for patients who had initial appointment requests in the first year and had the ACG score, appointment, and non–visit care counts in the subsequent year. State-of-art machine learning algorithms were employed to predict ACG scores and compared with current baseline estimation. Linear regression models were then used to predict appointments and non–visit care interactions, integrating demographic data, SDOH, and predicted ACG scores.
Results The machine learning methods showed promising results in predicting ACG scores. Besides the decision tree, all other methods performed at least 9% better in accuracy than the baseline approach which had an accuracy of 78%. Incorporating SDOH and predicted ACG scores also significantly improved the prediction for both appointments and non–visit care interactions. The R
2 values increased by 95.2 and 93.8%, respectively. Furthermore, age, smoking tobacco, family history, gender, usage of injection birth control, and ACG were significant factors for determining appointments. SDOH factors such as tobacco usage, physical exercise, education level, and group activities were strongly correlated with non–visit care interactions.
Conclusion The study highlights the importance of SDOH and predicted ACG scores in predicting provider workload in primary care settings.
Activity Levels in Seven Cats with Osteoarthritis Monitored by GPS Tracker Following Frunevetmab Injection
Authors: Power Ashley M. , St Germaine Lindsay L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective The goal of the current pilot study was to use a commercially available accelerometer (Tractive GPS Tracker for Cats) in a setting evaluating the activity level of cats exhibiting different forms of osteoarthritis in their natural habitat before and after treatment with frunevetmab, using each individual cat as its own control. We hypothesized that treatment with frunevetmab would be associated with increased activity level.
Methods Activity data, measured as minutes of active time per day via accelerometer worn on a collar, were obtained from seven employee-owned cats with radiographically confirmed evidence of osteoarthritis. Cats were randomly assigned to two different protocols in which treatment and no treatment (control) were reversed; that is, undergoing the control period prior to treatment with frunevetmab (“standard” control) versus first assessed without treatment (control period) followed by frunevetmab treatment after minimum 30-day washout period (“inverse” control period).
Results Activity time, on average, was 30 minutes longer per day for frunevetmab versus control (p = 0.007).
Conclusions Based on measurements obtained with piloted use of the Tractive, the activity level in osteoarthritic cats appeared greater when treated with frunevetmab compared to self-control without frunevetmab treatment (either pretreatment or following washout period). The small sample size here does warrant caution in interpreting results for a broader population.
Why do women develop lower levels of political interest? Examining the influence of education, family socialisation and adult roles
Authors: Pensiero Nicola , Janmaat Jan Germen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe political interest of men rises faster than that of women during late adolescence and early adulthood in Britain (Fraile and Sánchez-Vítores in Polit Psychol 41(1):89–106, 2020). This paper analyses whether factors relating to education, the assumption of adult roles and family background can explain this growing disparity. We use panel data of the British Household Panel Study (BHPS) and Understanding Society (USoc) to examine these factors. Education turns out to be the only factor that is related to different growth trajectories of political interest between men and women. Women with lower levels of education or vocational qualifications show stable or declining levels of political interest while all other categories show rising levels of interest between ages 16 and 30. Education can, however, only partially account for the rising gender gap. Variables representing the attainment of adult roles, such as occupational status, marital status and household composition, and variables capturing family socialisation are not linked to the growing disparity of political interest between men and women. Most of this gap thus remains unexplained.
Visible and invisible factors affecting the job satisfaction of agency home caregivers in the UK
Authors: Lan Andrew , Liu Xu , Zhao Xiantong , Liang Zhen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis qualitative study investigates the factors that affect the job satisfaction of home caregivers. It draws upon a thematic analysis of data from in-depth interviews with home caregivers in the UK and finds that both visible and invisible factors have an effect. Overall factors pertaining to the way the caregiving agencies are run and behave have a significant influence on caregivers’ job satisfaction. Identifying these factors will assist both policymakers and professional care agencies to be aware of the needs of caregivers in practice. These experiences can be used as references to handle the challenges of an ageing society in other countries with similar care industry characteristics.