bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risikomanagement in privaten Unternehmen – Umgang mit Naturgefahren und Reputationsrisiken
Authors: Wilhelm Christian , Berger Markus 
Published: September 2014

Risk management in private enterprises: addressing natural hazards and reputational risk
The environment in which private enterprises must work has become more complex and the risks more varied. As a result, over the last decade, enterprises have strengthened their risk management. This article will show how private enterprises are addressing natural hazards and reputational risk, and how these strategies differ from risk management by public bodies. The authors asked five enterprises about their risk management. The answers were assessed with regard to recognised methods and modern management theory. Although the enterprises apply modern techniques and are highly conscious of risk, few preventive measures against natural hazards have been put in place. This can be partially explained by the possibility of getting insurance for the risks, and by the high degree of protection provided by the State. As for reputational risk, often risk management is only put into practice when crisis management already becomes necessary. More attention should be paid to including risk management in the strategic processes of enterprises, and to taking account of chances. Risk management is often most effective in a partnership of private and public actors; mutual understanding is desirable in these circumstances.
Microbicidal activity of crude extracts from Sargassum wightii against Bacillus cereus
Authors: Venugopal Amritha Krishna Bhuvaneshwari , Thirumalairaj Vinoth Kumar , Durairaj Geetharamani , Vijayan Mahitha Puthanpurayal , Lazar Navya , Sathyan Kavya Kurumboor , Chacko Amrutha , Yesudas Rincy , Kadheeja Shasna , David Ishara Kumari John , Damascene Sezirahiga Jean 
Published: September 2014

The present study was investigated to explore the antibacterial activity of four different solvent (petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and ethanol) crude extracts of marine brown seaweed Sargassum wightti. Crude extracts were screened against human pathogen Bacillus cereus. The antibacterial efficiency was performed by agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. The results revealed that the crude extract of petroleum ether showed prominent inhibiting activity against B. cereus and other crude extracts showed below detectable level. The highest microbicidal activity (zone of inhibition) 9.0 ± 0.32 mm was obtained at the concentration of 250 ?g /ml and the lowest activity was 3 ± 0.20 mm at 31.25 ?g /ml concentration. The MIC and MBC values were found to be 125 and 250 ?g /ml respectively. Results of this study suggested that the compounds present in the crude extracts of petroleum ether showed high activity against B. cereus and further studies are required to purify the active principles.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v3i10.20338 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, September 2014, 3(10): 326-327
Ontogeny and Functions of Central Nervous System Macrophages
Authors: Katsumoto Atsuko , Lu Haiyan , Miranda Aline S. , Ransohoff Richard M. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Microglia, the only nonneuroepithelial cells found in the parenchyma of the CNS, originate during embryogenesis from the yolk sac and enter the CNS quite early (embryonic day 9.5–10 in mice). Thereafter, microglia are maintained independently of any input from the blood and, in particular, do not require hematopoietic stem cells as a source of replacement for senescent cells. Monocytes are hematopoietic cells, derived from bone marrow. The ontogeny of microglia and monocytes is important for understanding CNS pathologies. Microglial functions are distinct from those of blood-derived monocytes, which invade the CNS only under pathological conditions. Recent data reveal that microglia play an important role in managing neuronal cell death, neurogenesis, and synaptic interactions. In this article, we discuss the physiology of microglia and the functions of monocytes in CNS pathology. We address the roles of microglia and monocytes in neurodegenerative diseases as an example of CNS pathology.
Young Adults With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Tal-Saban Miri , Ornoy Asher , Parush Shula 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We conducted a longitudinal study to assess the continuing influence of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) on quality of life and participation. Ninety-six participants (25 in the DCD group, 30 in the borderline group, and 41 in the control group) ages 22–29 yr who had been screened for DCD 3–4 yr previously completed the Participation in Every Day Activities of Life, the Life-Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL–BREF) instrument. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant between-groups difference, F(7, 95) = 2.89, p = .001, η = 0.173, and post hoc analyses revealed that participants in the DCD and borderline groups scored lower overall on participation, quality of life, and life satisfaction. Linear regression found the Psychological Health domain of the WHOQOL–BREF to be a significant predictor of life satisfaction (B = 0.533; p = .001).
Supporting Our Military Families: A Case for a Larger Role for Occupational Therapy in Prevention and Mental Health Care
Authors: Cogan Alison M. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
More than 2 million U.S. military servicemembers have deployed to Afghanistan or Iraq since September 11, 2001. Unlike during prior conflicts, many servicemembers leave spouses and children behind. Long, multiple deployments cause strain on family at home, with new challenges arising when servicemembers return from combat and reintegrate into family and civilian life. In World Wars I and II, occupational therapy practitioners played a significant role in supporting servicemember reintegration. However, their presence in program delivery in this practice area is limited. Occupational therapy researchers and practitioners can make a valuable contribution by helping families tailor daily activities and routines to address challenges and optimize health and wellness. However, barriers such as reimbursement for services, workforce availability, and access to military families have limited the profession’s full engagement. Advocacy is needed to help establish occupational therapy as a key component of the mental and preventive health care teams serving military servicemembers.
Interrater Reliability and Clinical Utility of the Personal Care Participation Assessment and Resource Tool (PC–PART) in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting
Authors: Radia-George Camilla , Imms Christine , Taylor Nicholas F. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We examined the interrater reliability and clinical utility of the Personal Care Participation Assessment and Resource Tool (PC–PART) in a rehabilitation setting.
METHOD. Ninety-six patients were recruited from the caseload of four occupational therapists. Patients were assessed on admission. Clinical utility was based on time to complete assessments.
RESULTS. Interrater reliability for the total score was very high (intraclass correlation coefficient = .91). Limits of agreement for the program indicated aggregate data from individual scores were within 1.3 units (range = −1.3 to 0.5) but individual scores would be within 10 units (range = −9.3 to 0.2). The PC–PART took 27 min to complete.
CONCLUSION. The PC–PART may have sufficient interrater reliability and clinical utility to evaluate program outcomes. The limits of agreement for rating individuals were relatively large, suggesting that it may be difficult to use the PC–PART to make clinical inferences about an individual patient.
Utility of an Occupational Therapy Driving Intervention for a Combat Veteran
Authors: Classen Sherrilene , Monahan Miriam , Canonizado Maria , Winter Sandra 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Many combat veterans are injured in motor vehicle crashes shortly after returning to civilian life, yet little evidence exists on effective driving interventions. In this single-subject design study, we compared clinical test results and driving errors in a returning combat veteran before and after an occupational therapy driving intervention. A certified driving rehabilitation specialist administered baseline clinical and simulated driving assessments; conducted three intervention sessions that discussed driving errors, retrained visual search skills, and invited commentary on driving; and administered a postintervention evaluation in conditions resembling those at baseline. Clinical test results were similar pre- and postintervention. Baseline versus postintervention driving errors were as follows: lane maintenance, 23 versus 7; vehicle positioning, 5 versus 1; signaling, 2 versus 0; speed regulation, 1 versus 1; visual scanning, 1 versus 0; and gap acceptance, 1 versus 0. Although the intervention appeared efficacious for this participant, threats to validity must be recognized and controlled for in a follow-up study.
Assessment of the Visual Status of Older Adults on an Orthopedic Unit
Authors: Roche Sheila , Vogtle Laura , Warren Mary , O’Connor Kieran A. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
PURPOSE. To examine the visual status of a cohort of older adults on an orthopedic unit to determine their level of available vision to complete everyday activities in the hospital setting.
METHOD. A convenience sample of 50 people was recruited. A visual history was obtained, and participants’ glasses were inspected. Distance acuity, reading acuity, and contrast sensitivity were assessed using standardized screening charts.
RESULTS. Of participants, 26% did not have their glasses with them until prompted, and 85% had glasses in poor condition. When tested wearing their habitual correction, 6% had low vision, 2% were blind, 41% had reading acuities worse than 20/25, and 28% had contrast sensitivity deficits.
CONCLUSION. Visual impairment is prevalent in older adults, yet visual function is not routinely screened in hospitals. Occupational therapists should routinely inquire about patients’ visual status, inspect their glasses, and encourage regular eye examinations. Failure to address vision could lead to inaccurate evaluation results.
Development of Self-Awareness After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Through Participation in Occupation-Based Rehabilitation: Mixed-Methods Analysis of a Case Series
Authors: Doig Emmah , Kuipers Pim , Prescott Sarah , Cornwell Petrea , Fleming Jennifer 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We examined participation in goal planning and development of self-awareness for people with impaired self-awareness after traumatic brain injury.
METHOD. We performed a mixed-methods study of 8 participants recently discharged from inpatient rehabilitation. Self-awareness was measured using discrepancy between self and significant other ratings on the Mayo–Portland Adaptability Index (MPAI–4) at four time points. We calculated effect size to evaluate the change in MPAI–4 discrepancy over time.
RESULTS. Seven participants identified their own goals. We found a large reduction in mean MPAI–4 discrepancy (M = 8.57, SD = 6.59, N = 7, d = 1.08) in the first 6 wk and a further small reduction (M = 5.33, SD = 9.09, N = 6, d = 0.45) in the second 6 wk of intervention. Case data indicated that 7 participants demonstrated some growth in self-awareness.
CONCLUSION. Engagement in occupation-based, goal-directed rehabilitation appeared to foster awareness of injury-related changes to varying extents.
Examining the Lived Experience and Factors Influencing Education of Two Student Veterans Using Photovoice Methodology
Authors: Tomar Nikhil , Stoffel Virginia 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We sought to understand the lived experience of 2 student veterans and identify factors influencing their higher education.
METHOD. A qualitative research design was used with 2 student veterans who engaged in photovoice methodology. We analyzed their photographs, accompanying narratives, and discussion session transcripts using descriptive coding and thematic analysis.
RESULTS. Data analysis revealed four themes: (1) reminiscence of past duty and reflections on military life, (2) transition from military life to civilian student life, (3) entry to a new stage of life, and (4) influence of the university and community environment.
CONCLUSION. Findings from this study revealed factors influencing student veterans’ education and can be used to develop occupation-based interventions to assist veterans who engage in higher education.
High-Intensity Sports for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression: Feasibility Study of Ocean Therapy With Veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom
Authors: Rogers Carly M. , Mallinson Trudy , Peppers Dominique 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In this study, we conducted a pretest–posttest investigation of a sports-oriented occupational therapy intervention using surfing in an experiential, skills-based program to support veterans with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in their transition to civilian life. The purpose of this feasibility study was to evaluate the intervention for attendance rates and retention in the program provided in 5 sessions over 5 wk. Fourteen veterans from a specialty postdeployment clinic at a Veterans Affairs hospital were enrolled; 11 completed the study, and 10 attended ≥3 sessions. Participants reported clinically meaningful improvement in PTSD symptom severity (PTSD Checklist—Military Version, Wilcoxon signed rank Z = 2.5, p = .01) and in depressive symptoms (Major Depression Inventory, Wilcoxon signed rank Z = 2.05, p = .04). The results of this small, uncontrolled study suggest that a sports-oriented occupational therapy intervention has potential as a feasible adjunct intervention for veterans seeking mental health treatment for symptoms of PTSD.
Association Between Dysfunctional Elimination Syndrome and Sensory Processing Disorder
Authors: Pollock Mary R. , Metz Alexia E. , Barabash Theresa 
Published: September 2014

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We explored whether sensory processing disorder (SPD) is related to dysfunctional elimination syndrome (DES).METHOD. We used the Vancouver Nonneurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction/Dysfunctional Elimination Syndrome Questionnaire and the Short Sensory Profile with participants who sought treatment of DES (n = 19) and healthy control participants (n = 55).RESULTS. Significantly more children with DES (53%) had SPD than was reported for the general population (p &lt; .001; Ahn, Miller, Milberger, & McIntosh, 2004). Control participants did not have a greater rate of SPD (p = .333). We found a significant association between the occurrence of DES and SPD, χ2(1) = 20.869, p &lt; .001, and a significant correlation between test scores (Spearman’s ρ = −.493, Rs2 = .243, p &lt; .001).CONCLUSION. Many children with DES may also have SPD, suggesting that a child’s sensory processing pattern would be an important aspect that could influence the plan of care.
Sensory Integration Functions of Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Koester AnjaLi Carrasco , Mailloux Zoe , Coleman Gina Geppert , Mori Annie Baltazar , Paul Steven M. , Blanche Erna , Muhs Jill A. , Lim Deborah , Cermak Sharon A. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We investigated sensory integration (SI) function in children with cochlear implants (CIs).
METHOD. We analyzed deidentified records from 49 children ages 7 mo to 83 mo with CIs. Records included Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests (SIPT), Sensory Processing Measure (SPM), Sensory Profile (SP), Developmental Profile 3 (DP–3), and Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS), with scores depending on participants’ ages. We compared scores with normative population mean scores and with previously identified patterns of SI dysfunction.
RESULTS. One-sample t tests revealed significant differences between children with CIs and the normative population on the majority of the SIPT items associated with the vestibular and proprioceptive bilateral integration and sequencing (VPBIS) pattern. Available scores for children with CIs on the SPM, SP, DP–3, and PDMS indicated generally typical ratings.
CONCLUSION. SIPT scores in a sample of children with CIs reflected the VPBIS pattern of SI dysfunction, demonstrating the need for further examination of SI functions in children with CIs during occupational therapy assessment and intervention planning.
Measurement in Sensory Modulation: The Sensory Processing Scale Assessment
Authors: Schoen Sarah A. , Miller Lucy J. , Sullivan Jillian C. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Sensory modulation issues have a significant impact on participation in daily life. Moreover, understanding phenotypic variation in sensory modulation dysfunction is crucial for research related to defining homogeneous groups and for clinical work in guiding treatment planning. We thus evaluated the new Sensory Processing Scale (SPS) Assessment.
METHOD. Research included item development, behavioral scoring system development, test administration, and item analyses to evaluate reliability and validity across sensory domains.
RESULTS. Items with adequate reliability (internal reliability &gt;.4) and discriminant validity (p &lt; .01) were retained. Feedback from the expert panel also contributed to decisions about retaining items in the scale.
CONCLUSION. The SPS Assessment appears to be a reliable and valid measure of sensory modulation (scale reliability &gt;.90; discrimination between group effect sizes &gt;1.00). This scale has the potential to aid in differential diagnosis of sensory modulation issues.
Interrater Reliability and Developmental Norms in Preschoolers for the Motor Planning Maze Assessment (MPMA)
Authors: Ivey Carole K. , Lane Shelly J. , May-Benson Teresa A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis study established interrater reliability and preliminary developmental score guidelines for preschool children (ages 3–5 yr) on the Motor Planning Maze Assessment (MPMA). We administered the MPMA to 80 typically developing preschoolers and found age effects for Time, Error, and Total scores for each of three mazes. Five-year-olds obtained lower (better) scores than 4-yr-olds, who scored lower than 3-yr-olds. Older children completed the mazes with significantly fewer errors in significantly less time than younger children. Interrater reliability was excellent on the total MPMA score (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96) and individual maze scores (0.90–0.98). Results of this study provide evidence that the MPMA can serve as a reliable, objective screening of a preschooler’s ability to plan and execute motor movements. A larger reference population is needed to increase generalizability.
Finite Element Simulation of Implant Placement following Extraction of a Single Tooth
Authors: Galbusera Fabio , Taschieri Silvio , Tsesis Igor , Francetti Luca , Del Fabbro Massimo 
Published: September 2014

Purpose The aim of the study was to assess some possible factors influencing the bone stresses and remodeling process after the placement of an implant in a postextraction socket. Methods A finite element model of a portion of the maxilla was used. Three osseointegrated titanium dental implants with different thread profiles were placed into the extraction socket. Three different lengths, thus with different depth into the bone, were considered. Bone remodeling was simulated by using the strain energy density as the remodeling stimulus. A load with magnitude 200 N and inclination of 45° to the longitudinal axis in the lateral direction was applied directly to the implant. Results Both implant length and thread profile had an influence on the bone stresses, growth and loss after implantation. Longer implants reduced both the size of the bone loss area and the total bone mass loss. Conclusions It is not easy to establish the relationship of the long-term success of implantation and bone turnover activity via clinical trials. After a proper clinical validation, the protocol developed using computational modeling may become a viable option to predict the clinical outcome, even on a patient-specific basis, regarding its noninvasive and time-efficient nature.
Microbial Analysis of Biofilms on Cement Surfaces: An Investigation in Cement-Associated Peri-Implantitis
Authors: Korsch Michael , Walther Winfried , Marten Silke-Mareike , Obst Ursula 
Published: September 2014

The cementation of implant-supported restorations always poses the risk of excess cement retained in the peri-implant sulcus despite careful clinical control. Excess cement can become the basis of colonization by oral microorganisms. As a result of the biofilm formation peri-mucositis or peri-implantitis may develop. Complications were observed in the routine prosthetic restoration of implants when a methacrylate-based cement was used. These developed a few weeks after cementation of the suprastructure and caused bleeding on probing as well as suppuration from the peri-implant tissue. In the revision therapy, excess cement in the peri-implant sulcus was found in many cases. This excess cement was sampled from ten patients and investigated for biofilm formation. For this purpose, the cement samples were collected and analyzed for bacterial in situ colonization by 16S rDNA-based methods. In laboratory experiments, the methacrylate-based cement and two other dental cements were then investigated for their proneness to form biofilm. The results of the in situ and in vitro investigations revealed a strong tendency towards bacterial invasion of the methacrylate-based cement by opportunistic species and pathogens.
A criança e o jus cogens
Authors: Olbertz Karlin 
Published: September 2014

A criança foi reconhecida como pessoa em condição peculiar de desenvolvimento inicialmente no âmbito internacional, sendo precursora a Declaração Universal dos Direitos da Criança, de 1959. Desde então diversos documentos internacionais vêm aclamado a proteção à infância, especialmente a Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança, de 1989, cuja análise leva à constatação de que os direitos infanto-juvenis são normas de jus cogens.
NOS MEANDROS DAS RESTRIÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS: O BRASIL E AS POSSIBILIDADES PARA FORMULAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS INDUSTRIAIS
Authors: Pabis Jonatas Luis 
Published: September 2014

A realização de políticas industriais como política pública não é algo novo na teoria econômica. Há, inclusive, uma vasta literatura sobre o tema, suas justificativas, objetivo e modos de promoção. Contudo, o avanço do processo de integração em blocos regionais e da regulamentação multilateral do comércio internacional implica na busca por políticas mais homogêneas em vários aspectos e reduzem a possibilidade de políticas industriais independentes. Neste novo cenário, pouco tem se discutido sobre o impacto dos acordos internacionais sobre as possibilidades e restrições a formulação de políticas industriais. Partindo da noção de Amartya Sen que desenvolvimento consiste em ganhos sociais e de liberdades substancias, este artigo discute a relação de uma política industrial brasileira voltada ao desenvolvimento nacional e suas possibilidades de implementação diante dos compromissos e diretrizes da Organização Mundial do Comércio.