bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different HPV Genotypes Related to Heck's Disease in an Indigenous Population of Roraima: a cross- sectional study
Authors: Pallos Debora , Boaventura Richardson Mondego , Kussaba Sergio Takashi , Roman-Torres Caio Vinicius G , Cabral Amanda Passatore , Kim Yeon Jung , Zerbinati Rodrigo Merlin , Bachi Andre Luis Lacerda , Braz-Silva Paulo Henrique 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
: Heck's disease (HD) is a virus-induced proliferation, normally benign and rare disease affecting the oral mucosa of children and young adults from different regions of the world and ethnic groups.
Objective
determine the prevalence of HD and the detection of 30 different genotypes of HPV in the oral cavity of an indigenous population.
Materials and Methods
81 saliva samples were collected from indigenous people of the Yanomami ethnic group, including their family members, with a clinically history of HD. DNA was extracted and a commercial assay, which includes 28 types of human papillomavirus (HPV), was used for analysis, and RT-PCR to identify HPV-13 and HPV-32.
Results
from 81 saliva samples analysed, 33 (40.7%) clinically had HD. In the initial HPV genotyping analysis, 39 (48.2%) were positive for at least one genotype. All individuals who clinically had the lesion were positive for HPV-13 or HPV-32. The majority of the 13 families (46.2%) were positive for HPV-13, whereas HPV-32 was found in 38.5%, and only 15.4% had both genotypes. Of the other genotypes of HPV, only 10 individuals were positive, eight were positive for high-risk HPV group (HPV-16, 18, 58, 59, 69 and 82) and two were positive for low-risk HPV-40, 43.
Conclusion
Our study confirms the presence of HPV-13 and HPV-32, which are associated with Heck's disease. Additionally, there seems to be a familial segregation of these viruses.
Clinical Relevance:
Understanding the nature of this type of lesion and its characterization within families can inform preventive measures through public health policies.
Discovery and Optimization of 4-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiazol-2-amine Derivatives as Novel Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors
Authors: Wu Zongmin , Zhang Furong , Chen Zhexin , Wang Xue , Liu Xingfu , Yang Guofeng , Wang Sen , Huang Shuheng , Luo Hai-Bin , Huang Yi-You , Wu Deyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are important intracellular enzymes that hydrolyze the second messengers cAMP and/or cGMP. Now several studies have shown that PDE4 received particular attention due to it represents the most prominent cAMP-metabolising enzyme involved in many diseases. In this study, the hit compound (PTC-209) with moderate PDE4 inhibitory activity (IC50 of 4.8±0.2 μM) was discovered by screening of our internal compound library. And a series of 4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiazol-2-amine derivatives as novel PDE4 inhibitors starting from PTC-209 were successfully designed and synthesized using a structure-based discovery strategy. L19, the most potent inhibitor, exhibited good inhibitory activity (IC50 of 0.51±0.02 μM) and remarkable metabolic stability in rat liver microsomes. The results emphasized the successful application of screening and discovery of new scaffolds that can be helpful for optimization of novel PDE4 inhibitors.
Effect and improvement of dilute acid prehydrolysate inhibitors on the enzymatic hydrolysis and the yeast fermentation
Authors: Tan Xin , Wen Li , Li Yanbin , Zhang Qin , Tang Song , Sheng Yequan , Lai Chenhuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The effects of dilute acid prehydrolysate from poplar were investigated and compared in the enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) in this study. The improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation with resin adsorption and surfactant addition has also been represented. A total of 16 phenolic alcohols, aldehydes, acids and 3 furan derivatives in the prehydrolysates were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The degree of inhibition from the phenolic compounds (26.55%) in prehydrolysate on the enzymatic hydrolysis was much higher than carbohydrates-derived inhibitors (0.52%-4.64%). Around 40% degree of inhibition was eliminated in Avicel enzymatic hydrolysis when 75% of prehydrolysates phenolic compounds were removed by resin adsorption. This showed distinguishing inhibition degrees of various prehydrolysate phenolic compounds. Inhibition of prehydrolysate on enzymatic hydrolysis was more dosage-dependent while their suppression on the fermentation showed a more complicated mode: fermentation could be terminated by the untreated prehydrolysate, while a small number of prehydrolysate inhibitors even improved the glucose consumption and ethanol production in the fermentation. Correlated with this distinct inhibition modes of prehydrolysate, the improvement of Tween 80 addition in SSF was around 7.10% for the final ethanol yield when the glucose accumulation was promoted by 76.6%.
The impact of emergency medicine pharmacists on medication safety for critically ill patients in the resuscitation area of an emergency department: a pilot study
Authors: Currey Elizabeth Mary , Falconer Nazanin , Isoardi Katherine , Barras Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Few studies of pharmacists’ impact on emergency department resuscitation care have been powered for key outcomes such as medication error and time to administration.
Aim
To conduct a pilot study to inform the design of a large interventional cohort study to determine if the presence of a pharmacist in an ED resuscitation setting reduces medication errors.
Methods
A pilot prospective controlled interventional cohort study of patients treated in the emergency department resuscitation area. The incidence of medication errors that occurred when a pharmacist was present (intervention) or absent (control) was collected. The pharmacist’s clinical activities were recorded and a review of study design and methods conducted to determine the feasibility of the study design. A sample size calculation was performed to power a larger study.
Results
A total of 62 patients were included, of which the pharmacist was present during resuscitation events for 38 (61%). The pharmacist provided clinical activities such as medication advice and double check, pre-emptive medication supply, medication error detection and timely interception, medication history and review. There were one prospectively and six retrospectively identified medication errors (25%) in the control arm and none in the intervention arm. Six errors were intercepted by the pharmacist. The sample size for the larger study was calculated at 40 patients in each arm.
Conclusions
A pharmacist’s presence during resuscitation events provides expert medication advice and facilitates the safe administration of medications. A larger study of 80 patients is necessary to confirm a significant reduction in medication errors.
Influencing factors of COVID-19 antigen conversion time in a Chinese university students: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Liu Wen-Jin , Jin You , Wu Yong-Yan , Xiao Zhen-Ni , Xu Yan , Du Zhao-Hong , Xiao Jian-Mei , Yan Zhi-Peng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
SARS-CoV-2 can cause repeated infections. China also experienced a peak of COVID-19 after the Chinese government changed its COVID-19 policy in December 2022. However, little is known about the factors, such as history of previous infection and vaccine dose, whether affect the time antigen test result to turn negative for SARS-CoV-2. Boarding colleges and universities are prone to outbreaks and repeated infections caused by COVID-19. Therefore, we investigated the factors influencing the time of COVID-19 antigen conversion at one university from April to June 2023.
Methods
This study included college students from one university in Guangzhou who were positive for the COVID-19 antigen, and collected information such as sex, previous COVID-19 infection history, vaccination dose, symptom onset date, and antigen negative conversion date for retrospective analysis. Chi-square tests or t-tests were used to compare differences between groups.
Results
A total of 255 college students were included. The average antigen conversion time of patients with first infection was 6.12 ± 1.83 days, and that of patients with second infection was 4.70 ± 1.43 days. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The average antigen conversion time was 6.21 ± 1.92 days in patients with more than 3 symptoms except fever, which was significantly greater than that in patients with 0–1 (5.54 ± 1.79 days)or 2–3 symptoms(5.45 ± 1.78 days)(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in antigen conversion time according to sex, health observation location or vaccination dose (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
In college students, a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the number of symptoms are the influencing factors of the antigen negativity.
Enhanced Techniques for Pedestrian Localization and Movement Prediction with Single-View Angle Analysis
Authors: Gao Lin , Li Handong , Li Yanyun , Liu Fan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Based on a single-view scenario, our approach employs a unified Transformer framework featuring an enhanced multi-scale sparse attention mechanism to simultaneously perform three tasks: multi-pedestrian 3D pose estimation, tracking, and prediction. Initially, video data is processed to extract information, followed by training a video transformer to encode spatio-temporal features from multiple frames. This transformer decodes significant pose features from multi-person pose queries. These pose queries are then used for regression to predict multi-person pose trajectories and future movements in a single shot. To mitigate the challenges of occlusion and the complexity of pedestrian motion, we utilize a backbone network to extract features and implement an improved multi-scale spatio-temporal attention mechanism. This mechanism aggregates spatio-temporal information from multiple frames at various scales and captures long-term interactions. The backbone network excels at extracting detailed features from video data, while the multi-scale spatio-temporal attention mechanism, with its compact parameters, ensures a balance between efficiency and accuracy. Consequently, the integration of these components enhances prediction accuracy without excessively increasing model parameters.
Radial Angular Polarization Multiplexing and Wavefront Correction in Partially Coherent Vortex Optical Communication
Authors: YANG SHANGJUN , YANG JING , LIANG JINGYUAN , KE XIZHENG 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The development of new optical field regulation is a key trend in free-space optical communication to expand channel capacity and mitigate the negative effects of atmospheric turbulence. A coherent detection model for a partially coherent vector vortex beam with 4-channel multiplexing under atmospheric turbulence transmission is constructed, and multiplexing transmission and wavefront correction of radially polarized partially coherent vortex signal light and angularly polarized partially coherent beacon light are performed. The impact of polarization crosstalk on wavefront correction performance and the correction effect on communication performance improvement are analysed. The results indicate that radial angular polarization multiplexing transmission can realize wavefront correction with a smaller relative power disturbance than the other distribution polarizations. A partially coherent vortex beam can suppress the fluctuation in the mixing efficiency with a certain degree of coherence. These results provide insights for subsequent research on fibre coupling and the application of partially coherent vortex beams in the field of free-space optical communication.
Demographic and Cognitive Determinants of Physical Activity among Iranian Older Adults
Authors: Mardany Zahra , Tarrahi Mohammad Javad , Dastgerdi Zohrah Fathian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Exercise is consistently related to physical and psychological health benefits in older adults. The present study aimed to investigate the cognitive determinants of physical activity (PA) based on social cognitive theory (SCT) in older adults in Iran.Methods A cross-sectional survey among 550 older adults was conducted on more than 60-year-old adults, selected randomly from health centers in Isfahan City. Data collection was done using demographic and cognitive (SCT) questionnaires, and the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PASE). For data analysis, Pearson's correlation test and linear regression were used with SPSS.23 software.Results The prevalence of physical activity among older adults was low (7.09%). Although the results revealed a significant correlation between self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, outcome values, social support, and physical activity (p < 0.001), the linear regression test showed self-efficacy as the only significant explanatory among the cognitive variables in older adults (β = 0.14, p < 0.01).Conclusion These results suggest that self-efficacy is the most important factor affecting PA behavior among SCT constructs in older adults. Healthcare professionals should try more to increase older adults’ perception of their abilities to do PA instead of just training them to do PA.
Evaluation of Anti-diabetic Activity of Grona triflora Medicinal Plant Phytochemical Analysis of Thermal Knitted Fabric
Authors: Saniya A , Divya R , Sharmila M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study explores the medicinal properties of Grona triflora, focusing specifically on its anti-diabetic and antimicrobial activities. The anti-diabetic potential was evaluated using alpha-amylase and alpha-glycosidase enzyme inhibition assays with methanol, ethanol, and distilled water extracts. The results indicated that [mention which solvent] extract exhibited the most promising anti-diabetic activity and was selected for further antimicrobial assessment. The antimicrobial efficacy was assessed against bacteria and fungi E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus aureus, and Enterococcus using the well-diffusion method. Following this, the extracts were infused into fabric, treated with citric acid as a crosslinking agent, and analyzed for surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical compositions using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The findings from this study contribute to the understanding of Grona triflora's medicinal potential and pave the way for its further exploration in pharmaceutical and textile applications.
Resistance to high-fat diet-induced weight gain in transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type α-synuclein: A model for metabolic dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Biju K.C. , Hernandez Enrique , Stallings Alison , Felix-Ortiz Ada , Hebbale Skanda , Norton Luke , Mader Michael , Clark Robert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Unintentional weight loss, primarily due to the loss of fat mass rather than muscle mass, is common among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is associated with poor quality of life and accelerated disease progression. Since transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type α-synuclein (α-Syn mice) are modestly leaner than control mice, and since diabetes, a metabolic disorder, is a major risk factor for PD, we reasoned that high-fat diet-induced diabetes/metabolic dysregulation in α-Syn mice may serve as a robust tool for exploring how early α-synuclein pathology contributes to metabolic dysregulation, leading to weight loss in PD. Thus, α-Syn and age-matched controls were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) chow (60% fat calories) ad libitum for four months. Compared with controls on HFD (control-HFD), α-Syn mice on HFD (α-Syn-HFD) were dramatically leaner. The resistance to gaining weight in α-Syn-HFD mice was accompanied by improved glucose tolerance, a dramatic decrease in fat mass, and an increase in energy expenditure. Despite this leaner phenotype and better glucose tolerance, the mortality was much higher in male α-Syn-HFD mice than in all controls, but was unaffected in females, suggesting protective effects of female sex hormones, as well as lower α-synuclein levels. Immunoblot analysis of insulin signaling in the olfactory bulb, the proposed initial seeding site of α-synuclein pathology, revealed a decrease of IGF-IRβ, p GSK, and p mTOR in α-Syn-HFD mice. Since GSK-3β and mTOR regulate synaptic plasticity, we assessed levels of PSD-95 and synaptophysin in the olfactory bulb. As anticipated, we observed a significant decrease in the levels of PSD-95, along with a potentially compensatory increase in synaptophysin levels. Our results show that α-Syn mice, when challenged with diet-induced diabetes/metabolic dysregulation, clearly reveal a profile of robust metabolic dysfunction, thus providing a sensitive tool for assessing the underlying mechanism of metabolic dysfunction and its impact on weight loss and disease progression in PD. We propose a role for olfactory dysfunction in PD-related unintentional weight loss and suggest that strategies aimed at increasing body weight/BMI will improve the quality of life and prognosis for people living with PD.
The impact of diclofenac suppositories on postcesarean section pain: a systematic literature review
Authors: Antwi Sara Agyemang , Antwi Prince Kwabena Agyemang , Adarkwa Samuel Akwasi , Mensah Kwesi Boadu , Woode Eric 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Managing postoperative pain after cesarean section is imperative, as acute postoperative pain is considered a risk factor for chronic postoperative pain. We investigated the role of diclofenac suppositories in postoperative pain management after cesarean section. Methods For this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and two other clinical trial registers from database inception up to July 23 to July 26, 2024. We included randomized controlled trials and other studies in which diclofenac suppositories were administered as an intentional intervention. We excluded studies not reported in English and without a focus on the principal medicine (diclofenac suppository). Two researchers independently selected studies and evaluated the risk of bias with RoB-2 according to PRISMA-2020 guidelines. Primary outcomes included pain severity or intensity measured with validated clinical scales. We synthesized the studies narratively. Findings: From 203 records, we selected 20 studies. Discrepancies in the study design or its reporting were observed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was the frequently used pain assessment tool. Diclofenac suppositories were compared under three broad categories: placebo, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids and opioid-like medicines. The combination of pain medicines (multimodal analgesia) was central to most of the studies; however, heterogeneity and risk of bias undermine the reliability of these findings. Interpretation: Combination of diclofenac suppositories with other NSAIDs reduces the need of rescue pain medicines, which are usually opioids such as morphine, meperidine or pentazocine.
Twelve months at 1.5 °C signals earlier than expected breach of Paris Agreement threshold
Authors: Cannon Alex J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

June 2024 was the twelfth month in a row with global mean surface temperatures reaching 1.5 °C above pre-industrial conditions. Does this imply failure to meet the Paris Agreement goal of limiting long-term warming to 1.5 °C? Evidence from climate model simulations, conditional on reaching this threshold for 12 consecutive months, regardless of recent El Niño conditions, suggests that the Paris Agreement target may be crossed earlier than expected.
ATTITUDINAL LANGUAGES USED IN INDONESIA’S CHILDFREE DISCOURSE: APPRAISAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Umamah Mudhiah , Cholsy Hayatul 
Published: August 2024

The emergence of a modern lifestyle called 'childfree' goes against the traditional principles and culture of Indonesian society. Practically, this paradigm has led to both positive and negative views from the society. This study aims to identify the attitudinal languages towards childfree discourse through analysing the appraising items as language evaluation. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection was carried out by corpus analysis with the help of the UAM Corpus tool. A total of 30 childfree articles on the internet were manually annotated based on Martin and White's (2005) appraisal scheme. Data analysis will be carried out descriptively by interpreting the annotation results on the corpus tool. The annotation results show that 458 lexical choices are categorised into attitude with 306 appreciations, 105 affects, and 47 judgements. From the total number of attitudes, 304 items showed negative attitudes, 135 positive attitudes, and 19 neutral attitudes. Overall, the appraising items on the 30 childfree discourses in Indonesia were varied. Some discourses have many positive evaluations. However, discourses that construct childfree as negative are more common. In addition to the construction of negative views, the authors also tend to avoid subjectivity by presenting sources of language evaluations from outside of the author.
Investigating the impact of clay percentage on scouring downstream of labyrinth weirs
Authors: Homayooni Mahmood , Mozaffari Javad 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
This research investigated the effect of sediment non-uniformity and clay content on reducing erosion downstream of labyrinth weirs. Experiments were conducted in a flume with a length of 12 m and a width of 80 cm. A labyrinth weir was made with an L/W ratio of 2 and two types of sediments – namely uniform (S1) and non-uniform (S2) – with a median diameter of 2 mm. Moreover, 10 and 15% clay were added to each sediment type, and the experiments were performed at three discharge rates of 5, 10, and 15 l/s with a tailwater of 11 cm for 12 h. The scour rate was measured with a point gauge and plotted in SigmaPlot. The largest scouring occurred near the junction of the weir and the channel wall. Increasing clay by 10 and 15% reduced the scour depth by about 84 and 90% in S1 and 80 and 91% in S2, respectively. Therefore, the presence of clay in the sediment created more adhesion within soil particles, creating higher compaction, which led to a decrease in the scouring depth. In addition, by changing the sediment from S1 to S2, the non-uniform structure of S2 proved more effective in reducing scouring.
Alcances metodológicos de la idea de Dios en las Meditaciones Metafísicas de René Descartes
Authors: Ayala Heitmann Adolfo 
Published: August 2024

El presente ensayo aborda de forma crítica el desarrollo metodológico que plantea René Descartes respecto a: (1) La demostración de la existencia de Dios por medio del argumento de causa sui y del argumento ontológico. (2) Las implicancias y efectos de la no existencia de Dios en el sistema cartesiano. Se utilizará para este análisis, las reflexiones planteadas por Descartes en las meditaciones III, IV y V de sus Meditaciones Metafísicas. Además, se propone una revisión bibliográfica que aborda las principales críticas a la idea de Dios en Descartes, permitiendo también esclarecer conceptos tales como: Idea; Sustancia; Argumento de causa sui; y Argumento ontológico. La hipótesis principal del trabajo estriba en que la idea de Dios que propone Descartes no se relaciona directamente con su existencia objetiva fuera de la mente del sujeto, por el contrario, esta idea es susceptible de ser construida desde la res cogintans. Dicha situación afecta al sistema que propone Descartes, negando la posibilidad lógica de un conocimiento claro y distinto de la realidad externa.
La hipótesis principal del trabajo estriba en que la idea de Dios que propone Descartes no se relaciona directamente con su existencia objetiva fuera de la mente del sujeto, por el contrario, esta idea es susceptible de ser construida desde la res cogintans. Dicha situación afecta al sistema que propone Descartes, negando la posibilidad lógica de un conocimiento claro y distinto de la realidad externa.