bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cathepsin K expression in a wide spectrum of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PEComas): a clinicopathological study emphasizing extrarenal PEComas
Authors: Rao Qiu , Cheng Liang , Xia Qiu‐yuan , Liu Biao , Li Li , Shi Qun‐li , Shi Shan‐shan , Yu Bo , Zhang Ru‐song , Ma Heng‐hui , Lu Zhen‐feng , Tu Pin , Zhou Xiao‐jun 
Published: November 2012

AimsRecent studies have demonstrated that cathepsin K seems to be a powerful marker in identifying renal perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PEComas). However, the expression in extrarenal PEComas has not been well characterized due to their rare incidence. Our aim was to investigate the expression of cathepsin K in a wide spectrum of extrar‐enal PEComas and evaluate its potential diagnostic usefulness in comparison with other commonly used markers.Methods and resultsTwenty‐three cases of PEComa (liver, n = 9; lung, n = 1; broad ligament of uterus, n = 1; vertex subcutaneous soft tissue, n = 1; abdominal wall, n = 1; and kidney, n = 10) were selected for study. All displayed a high percentage of cells with moderately to strongly positive reactions for cathepsin K (mean 91%; range 80–100%). HMB45, Melan‐A and smooth muscle actin (SMA) were expressed in 78, 87 and 87% of cases, respectively, with various percentages of positive cells (mean, 34, 40 and 38%; range 0–80, 0–90 and 0–90%). Transcription factor E3 (TFE3) was expressed strongly in only three cases; none exhibited evidence of TFE3 gene fusion or amplification.ConclusionsCathepsin K appears to be more powerful than other commonly used markers in diagnosing a wide spectrum of PEComas and distinguishing them from the majority of human cancers.
Statistical estimates of respiratory admissions attributable to seasonal and pandemic influenza for Canada
Authors: Schanzer Dena L. , McGeer Allison , Morris Kathleen 
Published: November 2012

Please cite this paper as: Schanzer et al. (2012) Statistical estimates of respiratory admissions attributable to seasonal and pandemic influenza for Canada. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/irv.12011.Background  The number of admissions to hospital for which influenza is laboratory confirmed is considered to be a substantial underestimate of the true number of admissions due to an influenza infection. During the 2009 pandemic, testing for influenza in hospitalized patients was a priority, but the ascertainment rate remains uncertain.Methods  The discharge abstracts of persons admitted with any respiratory condition were extracted from the Canadian Discharge Abstract Database, for April 2003–March 2010. Stratified, weekly admissions were modeled as a function of viral activity, seasonality, and trend using Poisson regression models.Results  An estimated 1 out of every 6·4 admissions attributable to seasonal influenza (2003–April 2009) were coded to J10 (influenza virus identified). During the 2009 pandemic (May–March 2010), the influenza virus was identified in 1 of 1·6 admissions (95% CI, 1·5–1·7) attributed to the pandemic strain. Compared with previous H1N1 seasons (2007/08, 2008/09), the influenza‐attributed hospitalization rate for persons <65 years was approximately six times higher during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, whereas for persons 75 years or older, the pandemic rate was approximately fivefold lower.Conclusions  Case ascertainment was much improved during the pandemic period, with under ascertainment of admissions due to H1N1/2009 limited primarily to patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia.
Impacts of domestication on angling vulnerability of common carp, Cyprinus carpio: the role of learning, foraging behaviour and food preferences
Authors: Klefoth T. , Pieterek T. , Arlinghaus R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDomestication in fish selection increases vulnerability to angling. Two common garden‐reared genotypes of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., differing in degree of domestication (highly domesticated mirror carp and less domesticated scaled carp) were exposed to fishing in two environments (i.e. ponds and laboratory tanks) to quantify vulnerability to angling. Foraging behaviour and food preferences were quantified to explain variation in angling vulnerability in a mechanistic manner. Domesticated mirror carp were more vulnerable to angling gear than scaled carp in both environments, which was related to greater food intake and bolder‐foraging behaviour. Independent of genotype, catchability decreased and time until first capture increased over fishing time, indicating learned hook avoidance. No differences were observed in food preferences among genotypes, rendering bait‐selective feeding an unlikely explanation for differential vulnerability to angling. It was concluded that vulnerability to angling has a genetic basis in carp and that boldness plays a paramount role in explaining why more domesticated genotypes are more easily captured by angling.
Marine mammal culling programs: review of effects on predator and prey populations
Authors: Bowen W. D. , Lidgard Damian 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCulling is widely practised as a means to reduce predation effects of terrestrial carnivores, birds and marine mammals in many parts of the world. Of marine mammals, coastal pinniped species have usually been the target of culling programs, but dolphins and a large odontocete have also been culled.We reviewed the published literature on marine mammal culling programs to evaluate the extent of their efficacy as a fisheries management measure.Changes in species' distributions and abundance demonstrate that culling programs can be very effective at reducing predator density.Several conclusions from experimental studies of terrestrial mammals and birds may also apply to marine mammal control. Firstly, predator removal generally increases productivity and population size of target prey populations, but not always. Secondly, culling programs typically involve a large proportional reduction (>50%) in predator populations.Thirdly, the effects of culling are typically dependent on continued control, and in the absence of control the population rapidly returns to pre‐culling density. This underscores the need for predator removal to be a long‐term management strategy. Fourthly, culling predators often has non‐intuitive and unintended consequences for target species and for other predator and prey species.Marine mammal culling programs rarely have measurable objectives with respect to prey populations, and their success has not been evaluated. Culling marine mammals is controversial because of the following: (i) they are high‐profile charismatic megafauna; (ii) many populations are recovering from a period of over‐exploitation while others remain threatened or endangered; and (iii) the scientific evidence needed to justify a cull is usually highly uncertain.Marine mammal culling programs should be based on scientific analysis with stated and measurable objectives to be evaluated during planned follow‐up monitoring.
Reproducibility of an objective four‐choice canine vision testing technique that assesses vision at differing light intensities
Authors: Annear Matthew J. , Gornik Kara R. , Venturi Francesca L. , Hauptman Joe G. , Bartoe Joshua T. , Petersen‐Jones Simon M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjective  The increasing importance of canine retinal dystrophy models means accurate vision testing is needed. This study was performed to evaluate a four‐choice vision testing technique for any difference in outcome measures with repeated evaluations of the same dogs.Animals studied  Four 11‐month‐old RPE65‐deficient dogs.Procedures  Vision was evaluated using a previously described four‐choice vision testing device. Four evaluations were performed at 2‐week intervals. Vision was assessed at six different white light intensities (bright through dim), and each eye was evaluated separately. The ability to select the one of the four exit tunnels that was open at the far end was assessed (‘choice of exit’) and recorded as correct or incorrect first tunnel choice. ‘Time to exit’ the device was also recorded. Both outcomes were analyzed for significance using anova. We hypothesized that performance would improve with repeated testing (more correct choices and more rapid time to exit).Results  ‘Choice of exit’ did not vary significantly between each evaluation (P = 0.12), in contrast ‘time to exit’ increased significantly (P = 0.012), and showed greater variability in dim light conditions.Conclusions  We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that either measure of outcome worsened with repeated testing; in fact, the ‘time to exit’ outcome worsened rather than improved. The ‘choice of exit’ gave consistent results between trials. These outcome data indicate the importance of including a choice‐based assessment of vision in addition to measurement of device transit time.
Fruit aromas in mature fleshy fruits as signals of readiness for predation and seed dispersal
Authors: Rodríguez Ana , Alquézar Berta , Peña Leandro 
Published: November 2012

SummaryThe dispersal of seeds away from parent plants seems to be the underlying selective force in the evolution of fleshy fruits attractive to animals. Secondary metabolites, which are not essential compounds for plant survival, are involved in the interaction of fleshy fruits with seed dispersers and antagonists. Plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are secondary metabolites that play important roles in biotic interactions and in abiotic stress responses. They are usually accumulated at high levels in specific plant tissues and organs, such as fleshy fruits. The study ofVOCs emitted during fruit development and after different biotic challenges may help to determine the interactions of fleshy fruits not only with legitimate vertebrate dispersers, but also with insects and microorganisms. A knowledge of fruitVOCs could be used in agriculture to generate attraction or repellency to pests and resistance to pathogens in fruits. This review provides an examination of specific fruitVOCblends as signals for either seed dispersal or predation through simple or complex trophic chains, which may also have consequences for an understanding of the importance of biodiversity in wild areas.ContentsSummary36I.Introduction36II.VOCs in plants37III.Fruit VOCs and interactions with vertebrates40IV.Fruit VOCs and interactions with insects41V.Fruit VOCs and interactions with microbes41VI.VOCs as mediators of indirect interactions42VII.VOCs in fruit crops and agriculture43VIII.Concluding remarks and future prospects44Acknowledgements45References45
Embryonic stem cell–derived M2‐like macrophages delay cutaneous wound healing
Authors: Dreymueller Daniela , Denecke Bernd , Ludwig Andreas , Jahnen‐Dechent Willi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn adults, repair of deeply injured skin wounds results in the formation of scar tissue, whereas in embryos wounds heal almost scar‐free. Macrophages are important mediators of wound healing and secrete cytokines and tissue remodeling enzymes. In contrast to host defense mediated by inflammatory M1 macrophages, wound healing and tissue repair involve regulatory M2/M2‐like macrophages. Embryonic/fetal macrophages are M2‐like, and this may promote scar‐free wound healing. In the present study, we asked whether atopical application of ex vivo generated, embryonic stem cell–derived macrophages (ESDM) improve wound healing in mice. ESDM were tested side by side with bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDM). Compared to BMDM, ESDM resembled a less inflammatory and more M2‐like macrophage subtype as indicated by their reduced responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide, reduced expression of Toll‐like receptors, and reduced bacterial phagocytosis. Despite this anti‐inflammatory phenotype in cell culture, ESDM prolonged the healing of deep skin wounds even more than BMDM. Healed wounds had more scar formation compared to wounds receiving BMDM or cell‐free treatment. Our data indicate that atopical application of ex vivo generated macrophages is not a suitable cell therapy of dermal wounds.
Investigation of the skin repair and healing mechanism of N‐carboxymethyl chitosan in second‐degree burn wounds
Authors: Chang Jing , Liu Wanshun , Han Baoqin , Peng Sikai , He Bin , Gu Zhongwei 
Published: November 2012

AbstractN‐carboxymethyl chitosan (NCMC) was synthesized with the modification of chitosan; the substitution degree was measured by titration. The biocompatibility and degradability of the NCMC were studied in vivo and the results showed that the NCMC was nontoxic and biocompatible. The in vivo degradation rate of NCMC in musculature was faster than that in subcutaneous tissue due to the relatively high lysozyme concentration. The NCMC was used as biomaterial to heal deep second‐degree burn wounds. The wound size reduction, histological examination, and the quantification of transforming growth factor‐β1, tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐8 protein levels, and Smad3 gene expression were measured to evaluate the healing effects. The results demonstrated that the NCMC was efficient in accelerating wound healing via activating transforming growth factor‐β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
Prevalence of Migraine in Patients With Celiac Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Dimitrova Alexandra K. , Ungaro Ryan C. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Lewis Suzanne K. , Tennyson Christina A. , Green Mark W. , Babyatsky Mark W. , Green Peter H. 
Published: November 2012

Objective.— To assess the prevalence of headache in clinic and support group patients with celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared with a sample of healthy controls.Background.— European studies have demonstrated increased prevalence of headache of patients with celiac disease compared with controls.Methods.— Subjects took a self‐administered survey containing clinical, demographic, and dietary data, as well as questions about headache type and frequency. The ID‐Migraine screening tool and the Headache Impact Test (HIT‐6) were also used.Results.— Five hundred and two subjects who met exclusion criteria were analyzed – 188 with celiac disease, 111 with IBD, 25 with gluten sensitivity (GS), and 178 controls (C). Chronic headaches were reported by 30% of celiac disease, 56% of GS, 23% of IBD, and 14% of control subjects (P < .0001). On multivariate logistic regression, celiac disease (odds ratio [OR] 3.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78‐8.10), GS (OR 9.53, 95%CI 3.24‐28.09), and IBD (OR 2.66, 95%CI 1.08‐6.54) subjects all had significantly higher prevalence of migraine headaches compared with controls. Female sex (P = .01), depression, and anxiety (P = .0059) were independent predictors of migraine headaches, whereas age >65 was protective (P = .0345). Seventy‐two percent of celiac disease subjects graded their migraine as severe in impact, compared with 30% of IBD, 60% of GS, and 50% of C subjects (P = .0919). There was no correlation between years on gluten‐free diet and migraine severity.Conclusions.— Migraine was more prevalent in celiac disease and IBD subjects than in controls. Future studies should include screening migraine patients for celiac disease and assessing the effects of gluten‐free diet on migraines in celiac disease.
Headache Direction and Aura Predict Migraine Responsiveness to Rimabotulinumtoxin B
Authors: Grogan Patrick M. , Alvarez Maria Victoria , Jones Lyell 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveTo report a retrospective analysis of patients with migraine headaches treated with rimabotulinumtoxin B as preventive treatment, investigating an association between clinical responsiveness with migraine directionality and migrainous aura.BackgroundThe Phase III Research Evaluating Migraine Prophylaxis Therapy studies demonstrated onabotulinumtoxin A is effective in the preventive management of chronic migraine headaches. Jakubowski et al reported greater response to onabotulinumtoxin A in migraine patients reporting inward‐directed head pain (imploding or ocular) compared with outward‐directed head pain (exploding), suggesting subpopulations of patients may be better candidates for its use. No correlation was found between those reporting migrainous aura and onabotulinumtoxin A responsiveness.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐eight migraine patients were identified who had received rimabotulinumtoxin B injections over an average of 22 months, or 7 injection cycles. Migraine directionality was reported as inward directed (imploding, n = 72), eye centered (ocular, n = 28), outward directed (exploding, n = 16), and mixed (n = 12).ResultsOne hundred two out of one hundred twenty‐eight patients (80%) improved; of these, 58 (57%) demonstrated a >75% reduction in monthly headache frequency (“>75%‐responders”), 76% of which noted sustained benefits >12 months with repeated injections every 10‐12 weeks. Those reporting ocular‐ and imploding‐directed headaches were significantly more likely to be >75%‐responders, compared with exploding‐ and mixed‐directed headaches (P < .0025). Patients with ocular‐directed headaches were most likely to be sustained >75%‐responders. Patients reporting migrainous aura were more likely to be >75%‐responders (P = .0007). Those reporting exploding‐ and mixed‐directed headaches were more likely to be nonresponders (P < .0001).ConclusionsReported migraine directionality and presence of migrainous aura predict migraine headache responsiveness to rimabotulinumtoxin B injections.
Memory Deficit Associated with Worse Functional Trajectories in Older Adults in Low‐Vision Rehabilitation for Macular Disease
Authors: Whitson Heather E. , Whitaker Diane , Sanders Linda L. , Potter Guy G. , Cousins Scott W. , Ansah Deidra , McConnell Eleanor , Pieper Carl F. , Landerman Lawrence , Steffens David C. , Cohen Harvey J. 
Published: November 2012

ObjectivesTo examine whether performance on a brief memory test is related to functional outcomes in older individuals undergoing low‐vision rehabilitation (LVR) for macular disease.DesignObservational cohort study of individuals receiving outpatient LVR.SettingAcademic center.ParticipantsNinety‐one individuals (average age 80.1) with macular disease.MeasurementsMemory was assessed at baseline using a 10‐word list; memory deficit was defined as immediate recall of two or fewer words. Vision‐related function was measured using the 25‐item Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ‐25) administered at baseline and during subsequent interviews (mean follow‐up, 115 days). Linear mixed models were constructed to compare average trajectories of four VFQ‐25 subscales: near activities, distance activities, dependency, and role difficulty.ResultsThe 29.7% of participants with memory deficits tended to decline in ability to accomplish activities that involved near vision. Controlling for age, sex, and education, the functional trajectory of participants with memory deficit differed significantly from that of those with better memory (P = .002), who tended to report improvements in ability to accomplish near activities.ConclusionOf older adults receiving LVR for macular disease, those with memory deficits experienced worse functional trajectories in their ability to perform specific visually mediated tasks. A brief memory screen may help explain variability in rehabilitation outcomes and identify individuals who might require special accommodations.
Residential Proximity to Nearest Major Roadway and Cognitive Function in Community‐Dwelling Seniors: Results from the MOBILIZE Boston Study
Authors: Wellenius Gregory A. , Boyle Luke D. , Coull Brent A. , Milberg William P. , Gryparis Alexandros , Schwartz Joel , Mittleman Murray A. , Lipsitz Lewis A. 
Published: November 2012

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between residential distance to nearest major roadway, as a marker of long‐term exposure to traffic pollution, and cognitive function in older adults.DesignProspective cohort study with median follow‐up of 16.8 months.SettingCommunity.ParticipantsSeven hundred sixty‐five community‐dwelling seniors.MeasurementsThe Mini‐Mental State Examination, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test‐Revised (HVLT‐R), Trail Making Test (TMT), category and letter fluency tests, and Clock‐in‐the‐Box Test were administered during home visits on two occasions. The residential distance to the nearest major roadway was calculated, and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between performance on each test and residential distance to nearest major roadway, adjusting for participant demographics, education, socioeconomic status, and past medical history.ResultsShorter distance to major roadway was associated with statistically significantly poorer performance on the immediate and delayed recall components of the HVLT‐R, TMT Part B, TMT delta, and letter and category fluency tests. Generally, participants residing less than 100 m from a major roadway performed worst. Performance improved monotonically with increasing distance.ConclusionIn this cohort of community‐dwelling older adults, residential proximity to a major roadway was associated with poorer performance on cognitive tests of verbal learning and memory, psychomotor speed, language, and executive functioning. If causal, these results add to the growing evidence that living near major roadways is associated with adverse health outcomes.
Influenza Immunization in Older Adults with and without Cancer
Authors: Locher Julie L. , Rucks Andrew C. , Spencer Sharon A. , Pettaway Gregory J. , Kilgore Meredith L. 
Published: November 2012

ObjectivesTo compare the likelihood of receiving an influenza immunization in older adults before and immediately after a cancer diagnosis occurring in 2001 and for the same time periods with older adults not diagnosed with cancer.DesignRetrospective analysis comparing influenza immunization rates of Medicare beneficiaries with and without a diagnosis of cancer.SettingSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare Data.ParticipantsPropensity score matching matched a group of 35,229 persons without cancer with 35,257 individuals diagnosed with cancer in 2001.MeasurementsReceipt of influenza vaccination based upon Medicare Claims Data.ResultsA difference‐of‐difference analysis revealed that influenza immunization rates increased over time for persons diagnosed with cancer (46.8% before to 50.8% after cancer diagnosis), but the increase was greater in beneficiaries without a cancer diagnosis (42.6% to 79.7%) (P < .001; 95% confidence interval = 0.320–0.324). Logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals without a cancer diagnosis were 7.25 times as likely to receive an influenza immunization.ConclusionOlder adults who have been recently diagnosed with cancer receive influenza immunizations at much lower rates than older adults who have not been diagnosed with cancer despite interaction with healthcare providers. Opportunities exist to improve influenza immunization in this population, who are susceptible to influenza because of compromised immune systems.