bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilot for Nurse-Led, Interprofessional In-Service Training on Trauma-Informed Perinatal Care
Authors: Choi Kristen R. , Seng Julia S. 
Published: November 2015

Background:
Perinatal health care providers receive little training on addressing posttraumatic stress in childbearing women. Provision of trauma-informed care requires agency-wide adaptations. The authors developed a brief, agency-level, in-service training on trauma-informed perinatal care and evaluated the training using a knowledge, skills, and attitudes framework.

Method:
A single-group, pretest–posttest design was used for this project. Data were collected from attendees who were in mental health, health care, and administrative staff roles.

Results:
Forty-seven participants were included in the analysis. Statistically significant gains in knowledge, skills, and attitudes following the in-service were noted. Qualitative data provided suggestions for future improvements.

Conclusion:
Most participants found that the training program was useful and relevant to their practice settings, but more advanced programs are needed for some professionals. Educational programs and training for trauma-informed care addressing these needs should be developed and evaluated in the future.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2015;46(11):515–521.
Perceptions of New Nurses Concerning Incivility in the Workplace
Authors: Kerber Cindy , Woith Wendy Mann , Jenkins Sheryl Henry , Schafer Astroth Kim 
Published: November 2015

Background:
Although an atmosphere of civility in which nurses respect and value each other is crucial to health care, incivility continues to be widespread.

Method:
New graduate nurses completed an online questionnaire in which they described incivility and discussed its impact on new nurses and patients.

Results:
Findings were categorized according to the impact of incivility on new nurses and patients. Embedded in these categories are rich descriptions of incivility in health care.

Conclusions:
The participants witnessed uncivil interactions that negatively impacted them emotionally, professionally, and physically. They also discussed the harmful effects of incivility on patients, whose care may be impeded or their faith in caregivers eroded in hostile, uncivil care environments. Nurses in professional development play a crucial role in promoting a culture of civility through raising awareness, supporting nurses new to the profession, and helping health care workers to better cope with incivility.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2015;46(11):522–527.
La educación mediática, una asignatura pendiente en la formación de periodistas, publicitarios y comunicadores audiovisuales
Authors: Tucho Fernando , Fernandez-Planells Ariadna , Lozano María , Figueras-Maz Mònica 
Published: November 2015

Los estudios de comunicación universitarios en España deberían dar respuesta a las recomendaciones de los organismos internacionales sobre la necesidad de hacer llegar la formación en Educación Mediática a los futuros graduados. Metodología. Este artículo analiza los contenidos de las asignaturas directamente relacionadas con la Educación Mediática en los distintos grados de comunicación de las universidades españolas y los coteja con las percepciones que sobre este ámbito de conocimiento tienen los gestores de los planes de estudio y el profesorado que imparte estas materias, combinando pues el análisis de contenido de las guías de las asignaturas con las entrevistas en profundidad. Resultados. El estudio revela la escasa incidencia de materias específicas sobre Educación Mediática y la vinculación prioritaria de sus contenidos al ámbito de la ideología y valores en detrimento de otras dimensiones como la estética o los procesos de interacción.
A New Approach Model in Post Graduate Training of Local Government Officers
Authors: Tózsa István 
Published: November 2015

<p>This study is based on the final report of Program ÁROP 2.2.22 entitled Training for the Local Governments of the Convergence Regions realized at the National University of Public Service, Hungary by the professional advisor of Program ÁROP 2.2.22.</p><p>In 2013-15 there was a new type of post graduate training elaborated and piloted in Hungary at the Institute of Executive Training and Continuing Education (VTKI) within the National University of Public Service (NKE). Although the pilot financed by the State Administration Reform Operative Program (ÁROP) had not lacked the previously established attempts to include interactivity in the training, it was the first to observe and apply the actual principles of the European Union 2020 expressed in the threefold criteria of economic growth: smartness, sustainability and inclusiveness. All of them are represented by a pillar of the program like e-learning, class training and field training with the inclusion of local society. According to the objectives of the program there were at least 10 thousand attendees from the civil service sphere set as project indicators, so it has been a large scale training program that took place in 2014 in Hungary. The following article shows the innovations included in this new approach model of post graduate training civil servants. </p>
The sensitivity of global climate to the episodicity of fire aerosol emissions
Authors: Clark Spencer K. , Ward Daniel S. , Mahowald Natalie M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractHere we explore the sensitivity of the global radiative forcing and climate response to the episodicity of fire emissions. We compare the standard approach used in present day and future climate modeling studies, in which emissions are not episodic but smoothly interpolated between monthly mean values and that contrast to the response when fires are represented using a range of approximations of episodicity. The range includes cases with episodicity levels matching observed fire day and fire event counts, as well as cases with extreme episodicity. We compare the different emissions schemes in a set of Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5) simulations forced with reanalysis meteorology and a set of simulations with online dynamics designed to calculate aerosol indirect effect radiative forcings. We find that using climatologically observed fire frequency improves model estimates of cloud properties over the standard scheme, particularly in boreal regions, when both are compared to a simulation with meteorologically synchronized emissions. Using these emissions schemes leads to a range in global indirect effect radiative forcing of fire aerosols between −1.1 and −1.3 W m−2. In cases with extreme episodicity, we see increased transport of aerosols vertically, leading to longer lifetimes and less negative indirect effect radiative forcings. In general, the range in climate impacts that results from the different realistic fire emissions schemes is smaller than the uncertainty in climate impacts due to other aspects of modeling fire emissions.
Spectroscopic properties of explosive volcanism within the Caloris basin with MESSENGER observations
Authors: Besse S. , Doressoundiram A. , Benkhoff J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractVolcanism on Mercury has been indisputably identified at various locations on the surface, by means of both effusive and explosive volcanism. Its characterization is crucial to understand the evolution of the planet, in particular the thermal evolution of the mantle, and the volatile content of the planet. This analysis presents a detailed view of the pyroclastic deposits of the Caloris basin. Observations from the Mercury Atmospheric and Surface Composition Spectrometer (MASCS) are used to understand the spectral characteristics of the pyroclastic deposits, both in the visible and near‐infrared. Additional calibration steps are proposed to reconcile the difference of absolute reflectance between the visible (VIS) and near‐infrared (NIR) detectors. These calibration steps allow the use of the full spectral range of the MASCS instrument. Pyroclastic deposits exhibit a redder spectral slope in the VIS and NIR. This spectral slope diminishes toward the edge of the deposits to match that of Mercury's average surface. Spectral properties in the ultraviolet (UV) also change as a function of distance to the vent. Only the UV properties unambiguously separate the pyroclastic deposits from Mercury's average spectra. The spectral variations are consistent with a lower iron content of the pyroclastic deposits with respect to the average surface of Mercury, similar to what has been proposed for pyrolcastic deposits on the lunar surface. Nonetheless, given the limited illumination conditions diversity of the MASCS instrument, other causes such as grain size, space weathering, and bulk composition could also be accounted for the spectral variations. Variability of the pyroclastic deposits' properties within the entire basin are potentially identified between the three main clusters, and could be related to space weathering of deposits of different ages.
Sequential In Vitro Cyclization by Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of Glycopeptide Antibiotic Precursors Bearing the X‐Domain from Nonribosomal Peptide Biosynthesis
Authors: Brieke Clara , Peschke Madeleine , Haslinger Kristina , Cryle Max J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe biosynthesis of the glycopeptide antibiotics, which include vancomycin and teicoplanin, relies on the interplay between the peptide‐producing non‐ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) that catalyze side‐chain crosslinking of the peptide. We demonstrate that sequential in vitro P450‐catalyzed cyclization of peptide substrates is enabled by the use of an NRPS peptide carrier protein (PCP)‐X di‐domain as a P450 recruitment platform. This study reveals that whilst the precursor peptide sequence influences the installation of the second crosslink by the P450 OxyAtei, activity is not restricted to the native teicoplanin peptide. Initial peptide cyclization is possible with teicoplanin and vancomycin OxyB homologues, and the latter displays excellent activity with all substrate combinations tested. By using non‐natural X‐domain substrates, bicyclization of hexapeptides was also shown, which demonstrates the utility of this method for the cyclization of varied peptide substrates in vitro.
Auf dem Weg zu neuartigen phosphorbasierten Architekturen: eine nicht‐katalysierte Methode zur Gewinnung von sechsgliedrigen Heterozyklen
Authors: Romero‐Nieto Carlos , López‐Andarias Alicia , Egler‐Lucas Carolina , Gebert Florian , Neus Jens‐Peter , Pilgram Oliver 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPhosphorbasierte Heterozyklen ermöglichen Materialeigenschaften, die durch reine Kohlenstoffstrukturen nicht zugänglich sind. Die einzigartige Hybridisierung des Phosphors führt zu Elektronen‐akzeptierenden Eigenschaften, einer großen Zahl an Koordinationsreaktionen und ermöglicht zudem die Kontrolle über die elektronischen Eigenschaften durch Phosphor‐Post‐Funktionalisierung. Hier beschreiben wir nun eine neue nicht‐katalysierte Methode zur Synthese kondensierter sechsgliedriger Phosphorheterozyklen, insbesondere zur Synthese neuartiger Phosphaphenalene. Diese kondensierten Systeme weisen Vorteile von sowohl fünf‐ als auch sechsgliedrigen Phosphorheterozyklen auf und ermöglichen eine Serie vielseitiger Post‐Funktionalisierungsreaktionen. Diese Arbeit eröffnet somit neue Horizonte auf dem Gebiet der konjugierten Materialien.
Hierarchically Structured Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion
Authors: Trogadas Panagiotis , Ramani Vijay , Strasser Peter , Fuller Thomas F. , Coppens Marc‐Olivier 
Published: November 2015

AbstractHierarchical nanomaterials are highly suitable as electrocatalysts and electrocatalyst supports in electrochemical energy conversion devices. The intrinsic kinetics of an electrocatalyst are associated with the nanostructure of the active phase and the support, while the overall properties are also affected by the mesostructure. Therefore, both structures need to be controlled. A comparative state‐of‐the‐art review of catalysts and supports is provided along with detailed synthesis methods. To further improve the design of these hierarchical nanomaterials, in‐depth research on the effect of materials architecture on reaction and transport kinetics is necessary. Inspiration can be derived from nature, which is full of very effective hierarchical structures. Developing fundamental understanding of how desired properties of biological systems are related to their hierarchical architecture can guide the development of novel catalytic nanomaterials and nature‐inspired electrochemical devices.
Endoperoxides Revealed as Origin of the Toxicity of Graphene Oxide
Authors: Pieper Hanna , Chercheja Serghei , Eigler Siegfried , Halbig Christian E. , Filipovic Milos R. , Mokhir Andriy 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPotential biomedicinal applications of graphene oxide (GO), for example, as a carrier of biomolecules or a reagent for photothermal therapy and biosensing, are limited by its cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. It is believed that these properties are at least partially caused by GO‐induced oxidative stress in cells. However, it is not known which chemical fragments of GO are responsible for this unfavorable effect. We generated four GOs containing variable redox‐active groups on the surface, including Mn2+, C‐centered radicals, and endoperoxides (EPs). A comparison of the abilities of these materials to generate reactive oxygen species in human cervical cancer cells revealed that EPs play a crucial role in GO‐induced oxidative stress. These data could be applied to the rational design of biocompatible nontoxic GOs for biomedical applications.
Paving the Way to Novel Phosphorus‐Based Architectures: A Noncatalyzed Protocol to Access Six‐Membered Heterocycles
Authors: Romero‐Nieto Carlos , López‐Andarias Alicia , Egler‐Lucas Carolina , Gebert Florian , Neus Jens‐Peter , Pilgram Oliver 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPhosphorus‐based heterocycles provide access to materials with properties that are inaccessible from all‐carbon architectures. The unique hybridization of phosphorus gives rise to electron‐accepting capacities, a large variety of coordination reactions, and the possibility of controlling the electronic properties through phosphorus postfunctionalization. Herein, we describe a new noncatalyzed synthetic protocol to prepare fused six‐membered phosphorus heterocycles. In particular, we report the synthesis of novel phosphaphenalenes. These fused systems exhibit the benefits of both five‐ and six‐membered phosphorus heterocycles and enable a series of versatile postfunctionalization reactions. This work thus opens up new horizons in the field of conjugated materials.
From finance to ITS: traffic data fusion based on Markowitz' portfolio theory
Authors: Neumann Thorsten , Ebendt Rüdiger , Kuhns Günter 
Published: November 2015

SummaryTraffic data fusion has much to do with combining available or considered data sources in the best possible way. In this, it is very similar to optimizing a portfolio of financial assets in regard of return and risk. This article draws the analogy between these two mostly different scientific worlds, i.e. finance and engineering. Similarities and differences in context of weighted‐mean data fusion based on numerical traffic flow measurements such as travel times or speeds are discussed. This, in particular, includes guessing the potential benefit of negative weights. Optimal weights are derived following a strict mathematical theory based on assumptions (parameters) about systematic bias and correlations of the considered data sources. Moreover, a specific way of reducing the systematic bias of the fusion results is proposed and compared to common methods. The whole approach is demonstrated based on position data from two independent vehicle fleets in Athens, Greece. In this context, the problem of parameter calibration is solved by applying an advanced tool for such floating car data systems, called “self‐evaluation”. The experiments show that the proposed methods reliably reduce the systematic bias and variance of the fusion results with regard to the original data as well as in comparison to the naïve fusion approach that uses equal weights for all data sources. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure prediction, expression, and antigenicity of c‐terminal of GRP78
Authors: Aghamollaei Hossein , Mousavi Gargari Seyed Latif , Ghanei Mostafa , Rasaee Mohamad Javad , Amani Jafar , Bakherad Hamid , Farnoosh Gholamreza 
Published: November 2015

AbstractGlucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a typical endoplasmic reticulum luminal chaperone having a main role in the activation of the unfolded protein response. Because of hypoxia and nutrient deprivation in the tumor microenvironment, expression of GRP78 in these cells becomes higher than the native cells, which makes it a suitable candidate for cancer targeting. Suppression of survival signals by antibody production against C‐terminal domain of GR78 (CGRP) can induce apoptosis of cancer cells. The aim of this study was in silico analysis, recombinant production, and characterization of CGRP in Escherichia coli. Structural prediction of CGRP by bioinformatics tools was done and the construct containing optimized sequence was transferred to E. coli T7 shuffle. Expression was induced by isopropyl‐β‐d‐thiogalactoside, and recombinant protein was purified by Ni‐NTA agarose resin. The content of secondary structures was obtained by circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. CGRP immunogenicity was evaluated from the immunized mouse sera. SDS‐PAGE analysis showed CGRP expression in E. coli. CD spectrum also confirmed prediction of structures by bioinformatics tools. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay using sera from immunized mice revealed CGRP as a good immunogen. The results obtained in this study showed that the structure of truncated CGRP is very similar to its structure in the whole protein context. This protein can be used in cancer researches.
Assessment of nitric oxide (NO) redox reactions contribution to nitrous oxide (N2O) formation during nitrification using a multispecies metabolic network model
Authors: Perez‐Garcia Octavio , Chandran Kartik , Villas‐Boas Silas G. , Singhal Naresh 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTOver the coming decades nitrous oxide (N2O) is expected to become a dominant greenhouse gas and atmospheric ozone depleting substance. In wastewater treatment systems, N2O is majorly produced by nitrifying microbes through biochemical reduction of nitrite (NO2−) and nitric oxide (NO). However it is unknown if the amount of N2O formed is affected by alternative NO redox reactions catalyzed by oxidative nitrite oxidoreductase (NirK), cytochromes (i.e., P460 [CytP460] and 554 [Cyt554]) and flavohemoglobins (Hmp) in ammonia‐ and nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB and NOB, respectively). In this study, a mathematical model is developed to assess how N2O formation is affected by such alternative nitrogen redox transformations. The developed multispecies metabolic network model captures the nitrogen respiratory pathways inferred from genomes of eight AOB and NOB species. The performance of model variants, obtained as different combinations of active NO redox reactions, was assessed against nine experimental datasets for nitrifying cultures producing N2O at different concentration of electron donor and acceptor. Model predicted metabolic fluxes show that only variants that included NO oxidation to NO2− by CytP460 and Hmp in AOB gave statistically similar estimates to observed production rates of N2O, NO, NO2− and nitrate (NO3−), together with fractions of AOB and NOB species in biomass. Simulations showed that NO oxidation to NO2− decreased N2O formation by 60% without changing culture's NO2− production rate. Model variants including NO reduction to N2O by Cyt554 and cNor in NOB did not improve the accuracy of experimental datasets estimates, suggesting null N2O production by NOB during nitrification. Finally, the analysis shows that in nitrifying cultures transitioning from dissolved oxygen levels above 3.8 ± 0.38 to <1.5 ± 0.8 mg/L, NOB cells can oxidize the NO produced by AOB through reactions catalyzed by oxidative NirK. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1124–1136. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recurrent spinal metastasis of a sporadic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid after radiation therapy: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Munoz‐Bendix Christopher , Santacroce Antonio , Gierga Kristin , Floeth Frank W , Steiger Hans‐Jakob , Penalonzo Marco Antonio , Eicker Sven Oliver 
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical MessageSporadic Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid is a relatively uncommon entity and at the time of diagnosis, most already present loco‐regional metastasis. Therapy should be aggressive to reduce recurrence and mortality. Follow‐up period should continue lifelong and should also include calcium/pentagastrin infusion test, as well as 6‐month interval diagnostic imaging.
Supramolecular Assembly of Poly(propyleneimine) Dendrimers Driven By Simple Monovalent Counterions
Authors: Eghtesadi Seyed Ali , Haso Fadi , Kashfipour Marjan Alsadat , Lillard Robert Scott , Liu Tianbo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe self‐assembly of semiglobular, positively charged poly(propyleneimine) (PPI) dendrimers with small monovalent counterions (e.g., Cl−) in water/acetone mixtures was investigated. We showed that PPI dendrimers can assemble into hollow, spherical, single‐layered blackberry‐type structures mediated by the presence of monovalent counterions. The effects on the assembly of changing the solvent polarity and adjusting the pH were further investigated to confirm the presence of electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding as the driving forces. Results showed that PPI dendrimers form stable, hollow spheres in 5–20 % v/v acetone/water and that the size of the spheres decreases monotonically as the solvent polarity and/or the charge on the dendrimers (i.e., lower solution pH) increases. This is the first example to show that small monovalent counterions can trigger attraction among PPI dendrimers (or broadly defined polyelectrolytes) that is strong enough to bring them together to form large, stable supramolecular assemblies, which indicates that these organic macroions have similar solution behavior to more‐well‐defined inorganic molecular macroions.
A Novel Pd‐Catalysed Annulation Reaction for the Syntheses of Pyrroloindoles and Pyrroloquinolines
Authors: Dethe Dattatraya H. , Boda Raghavender 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPd‐catalysed annulation reactions between indole derivatives and internal alkyne esters leading to various pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles and pyrroloquinolines have been developed. The strategy involves an intermolecular addition of the indole nitrogen on to the internal alkyne ester followed by an intramolecular insertion of a vinyl–palladium complex into the carbonyl group. This method offers a facile and practical approach to pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles and pyrroloquinolines.
Single‐Electron Transmetalation: Synthesis of 1,1‐Diaryl‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethanes by Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalytic Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Ryu DaWeon , Primer David N. , Tellis John C. , Molander Gary A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractNovel methods for the incorporation of fluorinated subunits into organic frameworks are important in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and materials science applications. Herein, the first method for the cross‐coupling of benzylic α‐trifluoromethylated alkylboron reagents with (hetero)aryl bromides is achieved through application of a photoredox/nickel dual catalytic system. The harsh conditions and high temperatures required by conventional Suzuki‐coupling protocols are avoided by exploitation of an odd‐electron pathway that permits room temperature transmetalation of these recalcitrant reagents. This method represents the first direct and general route for the synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,1‐diaryl‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethanes, thereby providing efficient access to a previously unexplored chemical space.