bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and DNA‐Damaging Properties of Cisplatin‐N‐Mustard Conjugates
Authors: Schiesser Stefan , Hackner Benjamin , Vrabel Milan , Beck Wolfgang , Carell Thomas 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe report the synthesis of two novel cisplatin‐N‐mustard conjugates. In these compounds two potentially DNA‐damaging molecules are combined and are separated by a spacer containing either one or four ethylene glycol units. We have shown that these conjugates are capable of forming novel clustered DNA adducts, thereby strongly increasing the lesion density in double‐stranded DNA, which is thought to block DNA repair and translesion synthesis. Their ability to inhibit cell division was proven in anE. coliassay.
Fluid flow and sediment entrainment in the Garonne River bore and tidal bore collision
Authors: Keevil Claire E. , Chanson Hubert , Reungoat David 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA detailed field study was carried out on a tidal bore to document the turbulent processes and sediment entrainment which occurred. The measured bore, within the Arcins Channel of the Garonne River (France), was undular in nature and was followed by well‐defined secondary wave motion. Due to the local river geometry a collision between the Arcins channel tidal bore and the bore which formed within the main Garonne River channel was observed about 800 m upstream of the sampling site. This bore collision generated a transient standing wave with a black water mixing zone. Following this collision the bore from the main Garonne River channel propagated ‘backward’ to the downstream end of the Arcins channel. Velocity measurements with a fine temporal resolution were complemented by measurements of the sediment concentration and river level. The instantaneous velocity data indicated large and rapid fluctuations of all velocity components during the tidal bore. Large Reynolds shear stresses were observed during and after the tidal bore passage, including during the 'backward' bore propagation. Large suspended sediment concentration estimates were recorded and the suspended sediment flux data showed some substantial sediment motion, consistent with the murky appearance of the flood tide waters. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of the capacity of two biotic ligand models to predict chronic copper toxicity to two Daphnia magna clones and formulation of a generalized bioavailability model
Authors: Van Regenmortel Tina , Janssen Colin R. , De Schamphelaere Karel A.C. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Although it is increasingly recognized that biotic ligand models (BLMs) are valuable in the risk assessment of metals in aquatic systems, the use of 2 differently structured and parameterized BLMs (1 in the United States and another in the European Union) to obtain bioavailability-based chronic water quality criteria for copper is worthy of further investigation. In the present study, the authors evaluated the predictive capacity of these 2 BLMs for a large dataset of chronic copper toxicity data with 2 Daphnia magna clones, termed K6 and ARO. One BLM performed best with clone K6 data, whereas the other performed best with clone ARO data. In addition, there was an important difference between the 2 BLMs in how they predicted the bioavailability of copper as a function of pH. These modeling results suggested that the effect of pH on chronic copper toxicity is different between the 2 clones considered, which was confirmed with additional chronic toxicity experiments. Finally, because fundamental differences in model structure between the 2 BLMs made it impossible to create an average BLM, a generalized bioavailability model (gBAM) was developed. Of the 3 gBAMs developed, the authors recommend the use of model gBAM-Cuni, which combines a log-linear relation between the 21-d median effective concentration (expressed as free Cu2+ ion activity) and pH, with more conventional BLM-type competition constants for sodium, calcium, and magnesium. This model can be considered a first step in further improving the accuracy of chronic toxicity predictions of copper as a function of water chemistry (for a variety of Daphnia magna clones), even beyond the robustness of the current BLMs used in regulatory applications. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1597–1608. © 2015 SETAC
Species interactions and chemical stress: Combined effects of intraspecific and interspecific interactions and pyrene on Daphnia magna population dynamics
Authors: Viaene Karel P. J. , De Laender Frederik , Rico Andreu , Van den Brink Paul J. , Di Guardo Antonio , Morselli Melissa , Janssen Colin R. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Species interactions are often suggested as an important factor when assessing the effects of chemicals on higher levels of biological organization. Nevertheless, the contribution of intraspecific and interspecific interactions to chemical effects on populations is often overlooked. In the present study, Daphnia magna populations were initiated with different levels of intraspecific competition, interspecific competition, and predation and exposed to pyrene pulses. Generalized linear models were used to test which of these factors significantly explained population size and structure at different time points. Pyrene had a negative effect on total population densities, with effects being more pronounced on smaller D. magna individuals. Among all species interactions tested, predation had the largest negative effect on population densities. Predation and high initial intraspecific competition were shown to interact antagonistically with pyrene exposure. This was attributed to differences in population structure before pyrene exposure and pyrene-induced reductions in predation pressure by Chaoborus sp. larvae. The present study provides empirical evidence that species interactions within and between populations can alter the response of aquatic populations to chemical exposure. Therefore, such interactions are important factors to be considered in ecological risk assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1751–1759. © 2015 SETAC
Panel: life safety options for people with disabilities – how far have we come?
Authors: Fahy Rita 
Published: March 2015

SummaryA panel discussion considered life safety options for people with disabilities and their evacuation challenges, with a particular focus on buildings, such as small care facilities, group homes and nursing homes. Questions to be discussed included consideration of how well occupants in those types of facilities have fared in actual fires, and how well current regulations protect them. The panelists focused on three specific areas – the implications of changing demographics on code development; the factors important in fire safety in small care facilities; and real experiences and future implications for mixed‐ability evacuation. This paper details the presentations and the open discussion that followed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Caesaljaponins A and B: New Cassane‐Type Furanoditerpenoids from the Seeds of Caesalpinia decapetala var. japonica
Authors: Kamikawa Sayuri , Ohta Emi , Ohta Shinji 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTwo new cassane‐type furanoditerpenoids, designated caesaljaponin A and caesaljaponin B (1 and 2, resp.), were isolated from seeds of Caesalpinia decapetala var. japonica. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X‐ray crystallographic analysis using the anomalous scattering of CuKα radiation.
Time profiles and toxicokinetic parameters of key biomarkers of exposure to cypermethrin in orally exposed volunteers compared with previously available kinetic data following permethrin exposure
Authors: Ratelle Mylène , Coté Jonathan , Bouchard Michèle 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBiomonitoring of pyrethroid exposure is largely conducted but human toxicokinetics has not been fully documented. This is essential for a proper interpretation of biomonitoring data. Time profiles and toxicokinetic parameters of key biomarkers of exposure to cypermethrin in orally exposed volunteers have been documented and compared with previously available kinetic data following permethrin dosing. Six volunteers ingested 0.1 mg kg–1 bodyweight of cypermethrin acutely. The same volunteers were exposed to permethrin earlier. Blood samples were taken over 72 h after treatment and complete timed urine voids were collected over 84 h postdosing. Cis‐ and trans‐3‐(2,2‐dichlorovinyl)‐2,2‐dimethylcyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acids (trans‐ and cis‐DCCA) and 3‐phenoxybenzoic acid (3‐PBA) metabolites, common to both cypermethrin and permethrin, were quantified. Blood and urinary time courses of all three metabolites were similar following cypermethrin and permethrin exposure. Plasma levels of metabolites reached peak values on average ≈ 5–7 h post‐dosing; the elimination phase showed mean apparent half‐lives (t½) for trans‐DCCA, cis‐DCCA and 3‐PBA of 5.1, 6.9 and 9.2 h, respectively, following cypermethrin treatment as compared to 7.1, 6.2 and 6.5 h after permethrin dosing. Corresponding mean values obtained from urinary rate time courses were peak values at ≈ 9 h post‐dosing and apparent elimination t½ of 6.3, 6.4 and 6.4 h for trans‐DCCA, cis‐DCCA and 3‐PBA, respectively, following cypermethrin treatment as compared to 5.4, 4.5 and 5.7 h after permethrin dosing. These data confirm that the kinetics of cypermethrin is similar to that of permethrin in humans and that their common biomarkers of exposure may be used for an overall assessment of exposure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation on cobalt‐oxide nanoparticles cyto‐genotoxicity and inflammatory response in two types of respiratory cells
Authors: Cavallo Delia , Ciervo Aureliano , Fresegna Anna Maria , Maiello Raffaele , Tassone Paola , Buresti Giuliana , Casciardi Stefano , Iavicoli Sergio , Ursini Cinzia Lucia 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe increasing use of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) in several applications and the suggested genotoxic potential of Co‐oxide highlight the importance of evaluating Co3O4 NPs toxicity. Cyto‐genotoxic and inflammatory effects induced by Co3O4 NPs were investigated in human alveolar (A549), and bronchial (BEAS‐2B) cells exposed to 1–40 µg ml–1. The physicochemical properties of tested NPs were analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Cytotoxicity was studied to analyze cell viability (WST1 test) and membrane damage (LDH assay), direct/oxidative DNA damage was assessed by the Formamido‐pyrimidine glycosylase (Fpg)‐modified comet assay and inflammation by interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) release (ELISA). In A549 cells, no cytotoxicity was found, whereas BEAS‐2B cells showed a viability reduction at 40 µg ml–1 and early membrane damage at 1, 5 and 40 µg ml–1. In A549 cells, direct and oxidative DNA damage at 20 and 40 µg ml–1 were detected without any effects on cytokine release. In BEAS‐2B cells, significant direct DNA damage at 40 µg ml–1 and significant oxidative DNA damage with a peak at 5 µg ml–1, that was associated with increased TNF‐α release at 1 µg ml–1 after 2 h and increased IL‐8 release at 20 µg ml–1 after 24 h, were detected. The findings show in the transformed alveolar cells no cytotoxicity and genotoxic/oxidative effects at 20 and 40 µg ml–1. In normal bronchial cells, moderate cytotoxicity, direct DNA damage only at the highest concentration and significant oxidative‐inflammatory effects at lower concentrations were detected. The findings confirm the genotoxic‐oxidative potential of Co3O4 NPs and show greater sensitivity of BEAS‐2B cells to cytotoxic and oxidative‐inflammatory effects suggesting the use of different cell lines and multiple end‐points to elucidate Co3O4 NPs toxicity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meloxicam inhibits fipronil‐induced apoptosis via modulation of the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Park Jae Hyeon , Park Youn Sun , Lee Je‐Bong , Park Kyung‐Hun , Paik Min‐kyoung , Jeong Mihye , Koh Hyun Chul 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOxidative stress and inflammatory responses have been identified as key elements of neuronal cell apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which inflammatory responses contribute to apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells treated with fipronil (FPN). Based on the cytotoxic mechanism of FPN, we examined the neuroprotective effects of meloxicam against FPN‐induced neuronal cell death. Treatment of SH‐SY5Y cells with FPN induced apoptosis via activation of caspase‐9 and ‐3, leading to nuclear condensation. In addition, FPN induced oxidative stress and increased expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) via inflammatory stimulation. Pretreatment of cells with meloxicam enhanced the viability of FPN‐exposed cells through attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. FPN activated mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and inhibitors of MAPK abolished FPN‐induced COX‐2 expression. Meloxicam also attenuated FPN‐induced cell death by reducing MAPK‐mediated pro‐inflammatory factors. Furthermore, we observed both nuclear accumulation of p53 and enhanced levels of cytosolic p53 in a concentration‐dependent manner after FPN treatment. Pretreatment of cells with meloxicam blocked the translocation of p53 from the cytosol to the nucleus. Together, these data suggest that meloxicam may exert anti‐apoptotic effects against FPN‐induced cytotoxicity by both attenuating oxidative stress and inhibiting the inflammatory cascade via inactivation of MAPK and p53 signaling. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell Cycle‐Dependent Localization of Dynactin Subunit p150glued at Centrosome
Authors: Chen Ting‐Yu , Syu Jhih‐Siang , Han Tsung‐Yu , Cheng Hui‐ling , Lu Fu‐I , Wang Chia‐Yih 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTp150glued is the largest subunit of dynactin protein complex, through which cargo vesicles link to the microtubule minus‐end directed motor protein dynein. In addition, p150glued also locates in the mother centriole where it organizes the subdistal appendage. The components of appendage are dynamically regulated throughout the cell cycle stages, but it is still unclear whether the centrosomal residency of p150glued correlated with cell cycle progression. Here we found that p150glued was located in the mother centriole during G1/S stage and its centrosomal residency was independent of microtubule transportation. However, the centrosomal p150glued became blurred at G2/M phase and this event was not regulated by its phosphorylation. Entering into mitosis, p150glued was robustly enriched in the mitotic spindle nearby the spindle poles but not in the centrosome. During serum starvation (G0 stage), p150glued appeared at the base of primary cilium and its depletion attenuated starvation‐induced primary cilium formation. We also checked its role in the maintenance of centrosome homeostasis and configuration, and found depletion of p150glued did not induce centrosome amplification or splitting but inhibited U2OS cell growth. G1 arrest and reduced EdU incorporation were observed in p150glued deficient U2OS cells. In addition, cyclin E was downregulated following p150glued depletion. The p53/p21 signaling was activated indicating that CDKs were inactivated. The reduced cell growth was ameliorated in the p150glued depleted cells when treated with p53 inhibitor. Thus, we have identified the centrosomal targeting of p150glued in distinct cell cycle stage and uncovered its role in controlling G1/S transition. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2049–2060, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cell wall metabolism of peaches and nectarines treated with UV‐B radiation: a biochemical and molecular approach
Authors: Scattino Claudia , Negrini Noemi , Morgutti Silvia , Cocucci Maurizio , Crisosto Carlos H , Tonutti Pietro , Castagna Antonella , Ranieri Annamaria 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDUltra‐violet B (UV‐B) radiation has been shown to improve, at least in selected genotypes, both the health‐promoting potential and the aesthetic properties of tomato and peach fruits during their post‐harvest period. The effects of post‐harvest UV‐B treatment on the cell‐wall metabolism of peaches and nectarines (Prunus persica L. Batsch) were assessed in this study. Three cultivars, Suncrest (melting flesh, MF) and Babygold 7 (non‐melting flesh, NMF) peaches and Big Top (slow melting, SM) nectarine, differing in the characteristics of textural changes and softening during ripening, were analysed.RESULTSThe effects of UV‐B differ in relation to the cultivar considered. In MF ‘Suncrest’ fruit, UV‐B treatment significantly reduced the loss of flesh firmness despite the slight increase in the presence and activity of endo‐polygalacturonase. The activity of exo‐polygalacturonase increased as well, while endo‐1,4‐β‐d‐glucanase/β‐d‐glucosidase, β‐galactosidase and pectin methylesterase were substantially unaffected by the treatment. The UV‐B‐induced reduction of flesh softening was paralleled by the inhibition of PpExp gene transcription and expansin protein accumulation. The UV‐B treatment did not induce differences in flesh firmness between control and UV‐B‐treated NMF ‘Babygold 7’ and SM ‘Big Top’ fruit.CONCLUSIONBased on these results, post‐harvest UV‐B treatment may be considered a promising tool to improve shelf‐life and quality of peach fruit. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Compound‐specific stable carbon isotopic signature of carbohydrate pyrolysis products from C3 and C4 plants
Authors: González‐Pérez José A , Jiménez‐Morillo Nicasio T , de la Rosa José M , Almendros Gonzalo , González‐Vila Francisco J 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDPyrolysis‐compound specific isotopic analysis (Py‐CSIA: Py‐GC‐(FID)‐C‐IRMS) is a relatively novel technique that allows on‐line quantification of stable isotope proportions in chromatographically separated products released by pyrolysis. Validation of the Py‐CSIA technique is compulsory for molecular traceability in basic and applied research. In this work, commercial sucrose from C4 (sugarcane) and C3 (sugarbeet) photosystem plants and admixtures were studied using analytical pyrolysis (Py‐GC/MS), bulk δ13C IRMS and δ13C Py‐CSIA.RESULTSMajor pyrolysis compounds were furfural (F), furfural‐5‐hydroxymethyl (HMF) and levoglucosan (LV). Bulk and main pyrolysis compound δ13C (‰) values were dependent on plant origin: C3 (F, −24.65 ± 0.89; HMF, −22.07 ± 0.41‰; LV, −21.74 ± 0.17‰) and C4 (F, −14.35 ± 0.89‰; HMF, −11.22 ± 0.54‰; LV, −11.44 ± 1.26‰). Significant regressions were obtained for δ13C of bulk and pyrolysis compounds in C3 and C4 admixtures. Furfural (F) was found 13C depleted with respect to bulk and HMF and LV, indicating the incorporation of the light carbon atom in position 6 of carbohydrates in the furan ring after pyrolysis.CONCLUSIONThis is the first detailed report on the δ13C signature of major pyrolytically generated carbohydrate‐derived molecules. The information provided by Py‐CSIA is valuable for identifying source marker compounds of use in food science/fraud detection or in environmental research. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary cutaneous/soft tissue angiosarcoma: Determining tumor behavior prior to surgical resection
Authors: Oxenberg Jacqueline , Khushalani Nikhil I. , Salerno Kilian E. , Attwood Kristopher , Kane John M. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundGiven the propensity for hematogenous metastases, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) could treat occult metastatic disease early, potentially improving survival and better defining which primary angiosarcomas (AS) benefit from surgical resection.MethodsA retrospective comparison was performed of 23 patients with resectable, localized cutaneous/soft tissue primary AS treated with surgery alone (S, n = 13) or NAC followed by surgery (NAC‐S, n = 12).ResultsPrimary sites included breast/chest (n = 9), head/neck (n = 9), extremity (n = 3), and other (n = 2). 23% S versus 40% NAC‐S had prior radiation (RT). NAC regimens were paclitaxel (n = 6) or gemcitabine/docetaxel (n = 4). Seventy percent were high grade. Distant metastases were found in 17% after NAC. Non‐primary wound closure was required in 54 %S versus 30%NAC‐S (P = 0.4). R0 resections were achieved in 85% S versus 80% NAC‐S (30% had a complete pathologic response). Two‐year local recurrence (LR)‐free, disease‐free, and overall survivals were 67.1, 38.5, and 61.5% for S versus 68.6, 54.9, and 68.6% for NAC‐S (P = 0.52, 0.67, and 0.58). The mean number of surgical resections/patient to maintain local control was 1.8 S versus 1.3 NAC‐S (P = 0.06).ConclusionsNAC for primary AS was well tolerated. Although there was no statistically significant survival benefit, NAC helped define who would benefit from surgical resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:829–833. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Water Balance Components for Sustainability Assessment of Groundwater‐Dependent Agriculture: Example of the Mendae Plain (Tigray, Ethiopia)
Authors: Walraevens Kristine , Gebreyohannes Tewolde Tesfamichael , Amare Kassa , Hussein Abdelwassie , Berhane Gebremedhin , Baert Ruben , Ronsse Silke , Kebede Samuel , Van Hulle Laure , Deckers Jozef , Martens Kristine , Van Camp Marc 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMendae Plain at Abraha Atsbaha (Tigray Region, northern Ethiopia) is an agricultural area, which has been very drought‐prone in the past. In the last decade, agricultural development has boosted because of the intensive use of large diameter wells that tap the phreatic aquifer. Pumped water is used for irrigation during the long dry season (October to May). Since 15 years, water harvesting measures have been implemented, mainly in the form of infiltration ponds and trenches that enhance local infiltration of rainfall runoff from hillslopes. To investigate the sustainability of the groundwater exploitation and the efficiency of the measures, the different recharge and discharge components of the water balance of data‐scarce Mendae Plain have been identified and quantified, using different methods. Diffuse aquifer recharge is calculated from a soil moisture balance, based on meteorological data, and with the chloride mass balance method, based on groundwater analyses. Diffuse recharge is much higher on cultivated land plots than on non‐cultivated bare soils. Rainfall infiltration in ponds and trenches is estimated based on the inflow catchment derived from the topography. Groundwater flow to a nearby river is obtained by balancing inflow and outflow by the other components over an 11 year period. The balance components are integrated into a lumped parameter model that was run for the period from 2000 to 2010. The results show that infiltration in ponds and trenches contributes between 30 and nearly 50% of total aquifer recharge, with the highest values in dry years. Changes in aquifer storage over time are an indicator for the evolution of groundwater levels in the aquifer and confirm the occurrence of two dry periods in 2002–2005 and 2008–2009. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.