bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A practical model for economic evaluation of tissue‐engineered therapies
Authors: Tan Tien‐En , Peh Gary S. L. , Finkelstein Eric A. , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: February 2015

Tissue‐engineered therapies are being developed across virtually all fields of medicine. Some of these therapies are already in clinical use, while others are still in clinical trials or the experimental phase. Most initial studies in the evaluation of new therapies focus on demonstration of clinical efficacy. However, cost considerations or economic viability are just as important. Many tissue‐engineered therapies have failed to be impactful because of shortcomings in economic competitiveness, rather than clinical efficacy. Furthermore, such economic viability studies should be performed early in the process of development, before significant investment has been made. Cost‐minimization analysis combined with sensitivity analysis is a useful model for the economic evaluation of new tissue‐engineered therapies. The analysis can be performed early in the development process, and can provide valuable information to guide further investment and research. The utility of the model is illustrated with the practical real‐world example of tissue‐engineered constructs for corneal endothelial transplantation. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2015, 7:91–100. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1292This article is categorized under:

Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine
FAME Production and Fatty Acid Profiles from Moist Chlorella sp. and Nannochloropsis oculata Biomass
Authors: Alves Sobrinho Rui C. M. , Vauchinski Laércio , de Moura Renata Rodrigues , Primel Ednei G. , Abreu Paulo C. V. , Montes D’Oca Marcelo G. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) from moist Chlorella sp. and Nannochloropsis oculata biomass using a hydrolysis–esterification process. Additionally, we evaluated for the first time the fatty acid profile before and after this process. Hydrolysis of the lipid fraction was performed on a moist biomass in the presence of differing amounts of an acid catalyst in both 50 and 100 % w/w water relative to the biomass. The esterification of the crude extracts of the free fatty acids (FFA) was then investigated. The experiments show that in the presence of 50 % w/w water relative to the biomass, the hydrolysis–esterification process results in higher FFA and FAME yields. The analysis of the fatty ester profiles did not reveal any degradation of the FFA from the microalgae biomass under the hydrolysis–esterification conditions. The results were compared with both extraction–transesterification and direct transesterification processes using dry biomass. The extraction–transesterification and hydrolysis–esterification processes resulted in similar FAME yields and similar profiles of the fatty esters from dry and moist biomass materials, respectively.
Endoscopically diagnosed cavernous hemangioma in the deep small intestine: A case report
Authors: Chen Hsin‐Hung , Tu Chia‐Hung , Lee Po‐Chu , Chiu Han‐Mo , Wu Ming‐Shiang , Wang Hsiu‐Po 
Published: February 2015

SummaryWe report a 27‐year‐old female with chronic iron deficiency anemia and unexplained fecal occult blood. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography disclosed a possible endoluminal lesion in the small intestine. Single‐balloon enteroscopy detected the target lesion in the proximal ileum. The lesion was a 2.5‐cm submucosal tumor that was purple‐red, soft, had a narrow base, and exhibited superficial telangiectasia. After endoscopic marking, the tumor was resected with minimally invasive laparoscopy. It was histologically confirmed as a cavernous hemangioma. In this report, we discuss the endoscopic characteristics, surgical and pathological assessment, and management strategy of hemangiomas in the small intestine.
Septal myectomy for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in Friedreich’s ataxia
Authors: Anderson Heather N. , Burkhart Harold M. , Johnson Jonathan N. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with Friedreich’s ataxia is progressive, and there are few, if any, effective treatments available at present. This case report describes a Friedreich’s ataxia patient who had a septal myectomy for the management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with improved symptoms over a 7-year period. This suggests that septal myectomy may be a viable option to relieve symptoms and interrupt progression of heart disease in appropriately selected Friedreich’s ataxia patients.
Positive selection is the main driving force for evolution of citrus canker-causing Xanthomonas
Authors: Zhang Yunzeng , Jalan Neha , Zhou Xiaofeng , Goss Erica , Jones Jeffrey B , Setubal João C , Deng Xiaoling , Wang Nian 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary history and potential of bacterial pathogens is critical to prevent the emergence of new infectious bacterial diseases. Xanthomonas axonopodis subsp. citri (Xac) (synonym X. citri subsp. citri), which causes citrus canker, is one of the hardest-fought plant bacterial pathogens in US history. Here, we sequenced 21 Xac strains (14 XacA, 3 XacA* and 4 XacAw) with different host ranges from North America and Asia and conducted comparative genomic and evolutionary analyses. Our analyses suggest that acquisition of beneficial genes and loss of detrimental genes most likely allowed XacA to infect a broader range of hosts as compared with XacAw and XacA*. Recombination was found to have occurred frequently on the relative ancient branches, but rarely on the young branches of the clonal genealogy. The ratio of recombination/mutation ρ/θ was 0.0790±0.0005, implying that the Xac population was clonal in structure. Positive selection has affected 14% (395 out of 2822) of core genes of the citrus canker-causing Xanthomonas. The genes affected are enriched in ‘carbohydrate transport and metabolism’ and ‘DNA replication, recombination and repair’ genes (P&lt;0.05). Many genes related to virulence, especially genes involved in the type III secretion system and effectors, are affected by positive selection, further highlighting the contribution of positive selection to the evolution of citrus canker-causing Xanthomonas. Our results suggest that both metabolism and virulence genes provide advantages to endow XacA with higher virulence and a wider host range. Our analysis advances our understanding of the genomic basis of specialization by positive selection in bacterial evolution.
Unveiling the Dependence of Glass Transitions on Mixing Thermodynamics in Miscible Systems
Authors: Tu Wenkang , Wang Yunxi , Li Xin , Zhang Peng , Tian Yongjun , Jin Shaohua , Wang Li-Min 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe dependence of the glass transition in mixtures on mixing thermodynamics is examined by focusing on enthalpy of mixing, ΔHmix with the change in sign (positive vs. negative) and magnitude (small vs. large). The effects of positive and negative ΔHmix are demonstrated based on two isomeric systems of o- vs. m- methoxymethylbenzene (MMB) and o- vs. m- dibromobenzene (DBB) with comparably small absolute ΔHmix. Two opposite composition dependences of the glass transition temperature, Tg, are observed with the MMB mixtures showing a distinct negative deviation from the ideal mixing rule and the DBB mixtures having a marginally positive deviation. The system of 1, 2- propanediamine (12PDA) vs. propylene glycol (PG) with large and negative ΔHmix is compared with the systems of small ΔHmix and a considerably positive Tg shift is seen. Models involving the properties of pure components such as Tg, glass transition heat capacity increment, ΔCp and density, ρ, do not interpret the observed Tg shifts in the systems. In contrast, a linear correlation is revealed between ΔHmix and maximum Tg shifts.
Impact of Sox9 Dosage and Hes1-mediated Notch Signaling in Controlling the Plasticity of Adult Pancreatic Duct Cells in Mice
Authors: Hosokawa Shinichi , Furuyama Kenichiro , Horiguchi Masashi , Aoyama Yoshiki , Tsuboi Kunihiko , Sakikubo Morito , Goto Toshihiko , Hirata Koji , Tanabe Wataru , Nakano Yasuhiro , Akiyama Haruhiko , Kageyama Ryoichiro , Uemoto Shinji , Kawaguchi Yoshiya 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn the adult pancreas, there has been a long-standing dispute as to whether stem/precursor populations that retain plasticity to differentiate into endocrine or acinar cell types exist in ducts. We previously reported that adult Sox9-expressing duct cells are sufficiently plastic to supply new acinar cells in Sox9-IRES-CreERT2 knock-in mice. In the present study, using Sox9-IRES-CreERT2 knock-in mice as a model, we aimed to analyze how plasticity is controlled in adult ducts. Adult duct cells in these mice express less Sox9 than do wild-type mice but Hes1 equally. Acinar cell differentiation was accelerated by Hes1 inactivation, but suppressed by NICD induction in adult Sox9-expressing cells. Quantitative analyses showed that Sox9 expression increased with the induction of NICD but did not change with Hes1 inactivation, suggesting that Notch regulates Hes1 and Sox9 in parallel. Taken together, these findings suggest that Hes1-mediated Notch activity determines the plasticity of adult pancreatic duct cells and that there may exist a dosage requirement of Sox9 for keeping the duct cell identity in the adult pancreas. In contrast to the extended capability of acinar cell differentiation by Hes1 inactivation, we obtained no evidence of islet neogenesis from Hes1-depleted duct cells in physiological or PDL-induced injured conditions.
Application of IL-36 receptor antagonist weakens CCL20 expression and impairs recovery in the late phase of murine acetaminophen-induced liver injury
Authors: Scheiermann Patrick , Bachmann Malte , Härdle Lorena , Pleli Thomas , Piiper Albrecht , Zwissler Bernhard , Pfeilschifter Josef , Mühl Heiko 
Published: February 2015

AbstractOverdosing of the analgesic acetaminophen (APAP, paracetamol) is a major cause of acute liver injury. Whereas toxicity is initiated by hepatocyte necrosis, course of disease is regulated by mechanisms of innate immunity having the potential to serve in complex manner pathogenic or pro-regenerative functions. Interleukin (IL)-36γ has been identified as novel IL-1-like cytokine produced by and targeting epithelial (-like) tissues. Herein, we investigated IL-36γ in acute liver disease focusing on murine APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Enhanced expression of hepatic IL-36γ and its prime downstream chemokine target CCL20 was detected upon liver injury. CCL20 expression coincided with the later regeneration phase of intoxication. Primary murine hepatocytes and human Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells indeed displayed enhanced IL-36γ expression when exposed to inflammatory cytokines. Administration of IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra) decreased hepatic CCL20 in APAP-treated mice. Unexpectedly, IL-36Ra likewise increased late phase hepatic injury as detected by augmented serum alanine aminotransferase activity and histological necrosis which suggests disturbed tissue recovery upon IL-36 blockage. Finally, we demonstrate induction of IL-36γ in inflamed livers of endotoxemic mice. Observations presented introduce IL-36γ as novel parameter in acute liver injury which may contribute to the decision between unleashed tissue damage and initiation of liver regeneration during late APAP toxicity.
RAPTR-SV: a hybrid method for the detection of structural variants
Authors: Bickhart Derek M. , Hutchison Jana L. , Xu Lingyang , Schnabel Robert D. , Taylor Jeremy F. , Reecy James M. , Schroeder Steven , Van Tassell Curt P. , Sonstegard Tad S. , Liu George E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Motivation: Identification of structural variants (SVs) in sequence data results in a large number of false positive calls using existing software, which overburdens subsequent validation.
Results: Simulations using RAPTR-SV and other, similar algorithms for SV detection revealed that RAPTR-SV had superior sensitivity and precision, as it recovered 66.4% of simulated tandem duplications with a precision of 99.2%. When compared with calls made by Delly and LUMPY on available datasets from the 1000 genomes project, RAPTR-SV showed superior sensitivity for tandem duplications, as it identified 2-fold more duplications than Delly, while making ∼85% fewer duplication predictions.
Availability and implementation: RAPTR-SV is written in Java and uses new features in the collections framework in the latest release of the Java version 8 language specifications. A compiled version of the software, instructions for usage and test results files are available on the GitHub repository page: https://github.com/njdbickhart/RAPTR-SV.
Contact: derek.bickhart@ars.usda.gov
Starspot activity and period change in RT CrB
Authors: Xiang Fu-Yuan , Xiao Ting-Yu , Yu Yun-Xia 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The light curves of RT CrB in the B and V bands observed by İbanoğlu et al. (1985, Ap&SS, 112, 133), and in the V band and the radial velocity curves observed by Sabby and Lacy (2003, AJ, 125, 1448), are analyzed using the Wilson–Devinney code. The results show that the distortions in the light curve observed by Sabby and Lacy (2003) can be fitted by two spots, a hot spot on the primary component and a cool spot on the secondary star. The temperature ratios of the spotted region to the photosphere, Ts/Tph, are 1.181(±0.053) and 0.803(±0.057) respectively. Combining the radial velocity curves with the light curves, our analysis gives reliable, accurate estimates of the physical parameters of the system, M1 = 1.35(±0.01)M⊙ and R1 = 2.88(±0.05)R⊙ for the primary (hotter) component, M2 = 1.36(±0.01)M⊙ and R2 = 2.92(±0.04)R⊙ for the secondary (cooler) component. In addition, the orbital period variations of RT CrB are investigated based on all available times of light minima collected from literature and databases. We find that the orbital period exhibits a possible long-term period decrease with a rate of dP/dt = −3.11 × 10−7 d yr−1, suggesting that RT CrB is undergoing an angular momentum loss via magnetic braking.
Managing the flow of talent through organizations – a boundary-less model
Authors: Foster Carrie Louise 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to identify overlooked and unrecognized domains of talent management by existing academic and practitioner literature and provide a challenge to current boundaries around the area.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is an exploratory viewpoint based on the extant literature and the conceptual model of Boundary-less Talent Model (BTM) and its potential for practical application.

Findings
– This paper aims to expand on theoretical or conceptual understandings of talent management which have been surprising under-developed, as well as address the lack of attention in the practitioner community to addressing the talent potential of the wider employee population. The paper introduces the BTM, challenges the current boundaries and discusses how the model can be applied within an organization.

Research limitations/implications
– This paper is written from a Western organizational perspective.

Practical implications
– In principle, anyone should be able to recognize talent, and anyone can be recognized as having talent, but in practice subjectivity and perception in relation to the assessment, judgement and management of talent, creating a problem of unidentified and/or underutilized talent. The result is that either at an organizational or an individual level, talent becomes an untapped resource, which when ignored may have a negative impact on organizational performance.

Social implications
– The identification, recruitment and retention of the right knowledge and skills for the organization’s needs will always outpace traditional talent management methodologies. Adaptability in the Information Age is necessary for organizations to respond to the social structural shifts and the emergence of the boundary-less organization.

Originality/value
– This paper provides an examination of the proposed BTM and the encouragement for academics and practitioners to re-think the ways in which various forms of talent are managed.
Improving organizational alignment by enhancing strategic thinking
Authors: Self Dennis R , Self Terry , Matuszek Tish , Schraeder Mike 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The article argues for increased use of knowledge management as a possible method for improving the alignment of organizations with the external environment.

Design/methodology/approach
– It is readily acknowledged that the external environment for organizations is characterized as fast-paced. As such, to remain successful, organizations must endeavor to remain aware of changes in the external environment and make timely adjustments to internal operations that will keep the organization properly aligned with the environment.

Findings
– Strategic thinking, bolstered by effective knowledge management, is one approach organizational leaders can consider in their quest to remain properly aligned with perpetual changes in the external environment.

Practical implications
– Employees represent a significant source of information and knowledge within organizations. Leveraging this information through knowledge management may enhance the strategic thinking within organizations, translating into practices that will help the organization remain properly aligned with the external environment.

Originality/value
– The topic of knowledge management is certainly not new. However, emphasizing knowledge management in the context of organizational alignment provides organizational leaders with an additional strategy that has considerable practical value.
Social media in business strategy: the learning and development implications
Authors: M. Schroeder Harold 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– This article aims to consider why it is becoming so important for businesses to use social media, and to explore the transformational impacts on organizations and the implications for learning and development. Social media is changing the nature of business and introducing new learning and development needs. These are not confined to the specific skills required to design and implement social media strategies: in many companies, more extensive transformations of culture and organizational systems are necessary to support the new ways of working that are being driven by social media usage.

Design/methodology/approach
– The findings are based on a combination of literature review and our own research and experience across hundreds of projects.

Findings
– An organizational change readiness assessment exercise can be used to determine whether a company has the right types of skills and expertise and an appropriate organizational environment to maximize the benefits of social media participation, and to identify which areas need to be modified or strengthened. The specific requirements for change will vary by organization and industry, but few companies can now afford to neglect social media or the types of learning and development necessary to support their use as a core component of business strategy.

Originality/value
– This work links the benefits of social media participation to leaning areas that need to be modified or strengthened.
Promoting competition in Swedish primary care
Authors: Norén Lars , Ranerup Agneta 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of accreditation documents (ADs) in the competition based on provider quality in a quasi-market for primary healthcare.Design/methodology/approach– The paper uses a mixed-method research methodology to analyse two primary healthcare ADs in two Swedish regions. In total, 19 interviews were conducted with actors involved in the creation and use of such documents.Findings– This paper points to the crucial role of ADs in the identification of quality differences that influence the competition in primary healthcare. This finding contrasts with the commonly held laissez-faire idea that competition causes providers to develop their own service concepts and where the invisible hand creates quality differences. The paper adds to the discussion with its detailed description of how ADs create competition among primary healthcare providers through selection processes, quality differentiation, and ranking.Research limitations/implications– The paper does not explore quality differences in the medical treatment of patients in primary healthcare centres.Practical implications– The paper provides insights for politicians on how to use ADs to control competition and regulate choice.Originality/value– The paper takes an innovative approach to the examination of how ADs increase the competition in primary healthcare choice.
Reforming primary healthcare: from public policy to organizational change
Authors: Gilbert Frédéric , Denis Jean-Louis , Lamothe Lise , Beaulieu Marie-Dominique , D'amour Danielle , Goudreau Johanne 
Published: February 2015

Purpose– Governments everywhere are implementing reform to improve primary care. However, the existence of a high degree of professional autonomy makes large-scale change difficult to achieve. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the change dynamics and the involvement of professionals in a primary healthcare reform initiative carried out in the Canadian province of Quebec.Design/methodology/approach– An empirical approach was used to investigate change processes from the inception of a public policy to the execution of changes in professional practices. The data were analysed from a multi-level, combined contextualist-processual perspective. Results are based on a longitudinal multiple-case study of five family medicine groups, which was informed by over 100 interviews, questionnaires, and documentary analysis.Findings– The results illustrate the multiple processes observed with the introduction of planned large-scale change in primary care services. The analysis of change content revealed that similar post-change states concealed variations between groups in the scale of their respective changes. The analysis also demonstrated more precisely how change evolved through the introduction of “intermediate change” and how cycles of prescribed and emergent mechanisms distinctively drove change process and change content, from the emergence of the public policy to the change in primary care service delivery.Research limitations/implications– This research was conducted among a limited number of early policy adopters. However, given the international interest in turning to the medical profession to improve primary care, the results offer avenues for both policy development and implementation.Practical implications– The findings offer practical insights for those studying and managing large-scale transformations. They provide a better understanding of how deliberate reforms coexist with professional autonomy through an intertwining of change content and processes.Originality/value– This research is one of few studies to examine a primary care reform from emergence to implementation using a longitudinal multi-level design.