bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal factors of cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease with maintenance hemodialysis: a longitudinal and Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Tian Dandan , Xu You , Wang Ying , Zhu Xirui , Huang Chun , Liu Min , Li Panlong , Li Xiangyong 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with hemodialysis remain not fully understood. In this study, we developed and validated a clinical-longitudinal model for predicting CVD in patients with hemodialysis, and employed Mendelian randomization to evaluate the causal 6study included 468 hemodialysis patients, and biochemical parameters were evaluated every three months. A generalized linear mixed (GLM) predictive model was applied to longitudinal clinical data. Calibration curves and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to evaluate the performance of the model. Kaplan-Meier curves were applied to verify the effect of selected risk factors on the probability of CVD. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for CVD (n = 218,792,101,866 cases), end-stage renal disease (ESRD, n = 16,405, 326 cases), diabetes (n = 202,046, 9,889 cases), creatinine (n = 7,810), and uric acid (UA, n = 109,029) were obtained from the large-open GWAS project. The inverse-variance weighted MR was used as the main analysis to estimate the causal associations, and several sensitivity analyses were performed to assess pleiotropy and exclude variants with potential pleiotropic effects.ResultsThe AUCs of the GLM model was 0.93 (with accuracy rates of 93.9% and 93.1% for the training set and validation set, sensitivity of 0.95 and 0.94, specificity of 0.87 and 0.86). The final clinical-longitudinal model consisted of 5 risk factors, including age, diabetes, ipth, creatinine, and UA. Furthermore, the predicted CVD response also allowed for significant (p &lt; 0.05) discrimination between the Kaplan-Meier curves of each age, diabetes, ipth, and creatinine subclassification. MR analysis indicated that diabetes had a causal role in risk of CVD (β = 0.088, p &lt; 0.0001) and ESRD (β = 0.26, p = 0.007). In turn, ESRD was found to have a causal role in risk of diabetes (β = 0.027, p = 0.013). Additionally, creatinine exhibited a causal role in the risk of ESRD (β = 4.42, p = 0.01).ConclusionsThe results showed that old age, diabetes, and low level of ipth, creatinine, and UA were important risk factors for CVD in hemodialysis patients, and diabetes played an important bridging role in the link between ESRD and CVD.
Exploring the common mechanisms and biomarker ST8SIA4 of atherosclerosis and ankylosing spondylitis through bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Ma Yirong , Lai Junyu , Wan Qiang , Sun Liqiang , Wang Yang , Li Xingliang , Zhang Qinhe , Wu Jianguang 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAtherosclerosis (AS) is a major contributor to cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. There is growing evidence that ankylosing spondylitis is closely linked to AS, often co-occurring with it; however, the shared pathogenic mechanisms between the two conditions are not well understood. This study employs bioinformatics approaches to identify common biomarkers and pathways between AS and ankylosing spondylitis.MethodsGene expression datasets for AS (GSE100927, GSE28829, GSE155512) and ankylosing spondylitis (GSE73754, GSE25101) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differential expression genes (DEGs) and module genes for AS and ankylosing spondylitis were identified using the Limma R package and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) techniques, respectively. The machine learning algorithm SVM-RFE was applied to pinpoint promising biomarkers, which were then validated in terms of their expression levels and diagnostic efficacy in AS and ankylosing spondylitis, using two separate GEO datasets. Furthermore, the interaction of the key biomarker with the immune microenvironment was investigated via the CIBERSORT algorithm, single-cell analysis was used to identify the locations of common diagnostic markers.ResultsThe dataset GSE100927 contains 524 DEGs associated with AS, whereas dataset GSE73754 includes 1,384 genes categorized into modules specific to ankylosing spondylitis. Analysis of these datasets revealed an overlap of 71 genes between the DEGs of AS and the modular genes of ankylosing spondylitis. Utilizing the SVM-RFE algorithm, 15 and 24 central diagnostic genes were identified in datasets GSE100927 and GSE73754, respectively. Further validation of six key genes using external datasets confirmed ST8SIA4 as a common diagnostic marker for both conditions. Notably, ST8SIA4 is upregulated in samples from both diseases. Additionally, ROC analysis confirmed the robust diagnostic utility of ST8SIA4. Moreover, analysis through CIBERSORT suggested an association of the ST8SIA4 gene with the immune microenvironment in both disease contexts. Single-cell analysis revealed that ST8SIA4 is primarily expressed in Macrophages, Monocytes, T cells, and CMPs.ConclusionThis study investigates the role of ST8SIA4 as a common diagnostic gene and the involvement of the lysosomal pathway in both AS and ankylosing spondylitis. The findings may yield potential diagnostic biomarkers and offer new insights into the shared pathogenic mechanisms underlying these conditions.
Exacerbation of delirium and epileptic seizures in an older man with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease due to multiple prescriptions: a case report
Authors: Yamaguchi Takuya , Aihara Akinobu , Mashiko Shigeto , Kurosawa Emiko , Oizumi Tomoya , Yamagata Toshihiro , Ishiki Aiko , Ueda Juri , Fujikawa Yuko , Kanno Atsuhiro , Sumitomo Kazuhiro , Ohara Takahiro , Furukawa Katsutoshi 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is a disorder characterized by motor symptoms, such as rigidity, akinesia, and resting tremor, as well as non-motor symptoms, including psychiatric manifestations and autonomic failure. The prevalence of PD increases with age, and the condition is more common in men than in women. Conversely, polypharmacy has emerged as a paramount medical concern, especially among older patients, correlating with medicines’ adverse effects, interactions between medicines, frequent admissions to the hospital, and a high risk of morbidity and mortality.Case descriptionWe encountered an older male patient with idiopathic PD and mild renal dysfunction. Originally prescribed 14 types of medicines, including anti-PD drugs, the patient developed delirium and epileptic seizures during hospitalization. After reducing the number of medications, including amantadine, the symptoms significantly improved. This clinical course suggests that polypharmacy, in addition to PD itself, poses a significant risk of delirium and epileptic seizures, even in patients with mild renal dysfunction.ConclusionThis report is indicative of the risk of polypharmacy and highlights the importance of citing drug interactions for a correct diagnosis in patients presenting with complex symptoms.
Research and exploration of quality control indicators for nutritional therapy in critically ill patients—a multicenter before-and-after controlled study
Authors: Li Yanhua , Wang Youquan , Chen Bin , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Dong 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate and explore the feasibility of using quality control indicators for nutritional therapy in critically ill patients as quality evaluation criteria.MethodsThis study focused on intensive care unit (ICU) critically ill patients and conducted a cross-sectional investigation of nutritional therapy quality control indicators (the proportion of patients with application of enteral nutrition pump, nutritional risk assessment rate, the proportion of patients start enteral nutrition within 48 hours, and caloric and protein target achievement rate on 7th day) in 13 hospitals in Jilin Province. After training according to the critical patients nutrition related guidelines and the latest literatures, a second cross-sectional investigation was conducted. Then, analyze the improvement of quality control indicators of the nutritional therapy before and after the training, thus evaluating the feasibility of using these quality control indicators as nutritional therapy quality evaluation criteria in critical patients.Results(1) A total of 631 patients were included before and after training, with a data acquisition rate of 97.3% for enteral nutrition pumps usage and complete data collection for the remaining nutritional risk assessment rate, start enteral nutrition proportion of patients within 48 h, and caloric and protein target achievement rate on 7th day. (2) The nutritional risk assessment rate before and after training was 88.2% vs. 94.8%, with a P-value of 0.003. The proportion of patients start enteral nutrition within 48 h before and after training was 65.1% vs. 75.4%, with a P-value of 0.039; and protein target achievement rate on 7th day before and after training was 64.6% vs. 79.6%, with a p-value of 0.015. These five indicators as quality evaluation criteria are relevant to the current developments in nutritional therapy and consistent with the national conditions of China. The proportion of patients with application of enteral nutrition pump before and after training was 70.1% vs. 79.4%, with a p-value of 0.065, and the caloric target achievement rate on 7th day before and after training was 73.4% vs. 83.9%, with a p-value of 0.062, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups.ConclusionThe five quality control indicators for nutritional therapy in critically ill patients are clinically feasible and can be used as quality evaluation criteria for nutritional therapy in critically ill patients.
Diabetes in pregnancy and offspring cardiac function: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Skovsgaard Camilla Bjørn , Møller Anna , Bjerre Jesper Vandborg , Kampmann Ulla , Kyng Kasper Jacobsen 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDiabetes in pregnancy is associated with impaired offspring cardiac function. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effect of diabetes in pregnancy on cardiac function in the offspring measured by echocardiography.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL and Web of Science databases were searched from 1992 to June 27, 2023. Studies reporting offspring (age &lt; 18 years) cardiac function by echocardiography compared between any type of diabetes in pregnancy and healthy control pregnancies were included. Study selection, quality assessment and risk of bias was independently performed by two reviewers. Meta-analyses was performed where possible.ResultsThirty-one observational studies were included 1,679 cases and 2,694 controls. In the first week of life (23 studies, n = 2,663), intraventricular septum diastolic diameter (hypertrophy) was increased, while myocardial performance index (global function) and LV E/A-ratio (diastolic function) were decreased. No difference was found for left ventricular ejection fraction (systolic function). At 1–6 months (4 studies, n = 454) studies found hypertrophy, and decreased global function, but no difference in systolic or diastolic function. At 1–8 years (7 studies, n = 1,609) no difference was found. The available data did not allow for sub-analysis based on the type of diabetes, treatment, or glycemic control.ConclusionsDiabetes in pregnancy is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and impaired global cardiac function in infants up to six months old. The few studies reporting on older children found no difference in the parameters investigated. Longitudinal studies employing more advanced echocardiographic measures or MRI are needed to evaluate consequences for long-term cardiac health.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, identifier (CRD42022312471).
Analysis of drug-induced and spontaneous cardioversions reveals similar patterns leading to termination of atrial fibrillation
Authors: van Hunnik Arne , Sobota Vladimír , Zeemering Stef , Opacic Dragan , Scaf Billy , D’Alessandro Elisa , Oyaert Karel , Kuiper Marion , Diness Jonas G. , Sørensen Ulrik S. , Milnes James T. , van der Heyden Marcel A. G. , Jespersen Thomas , Schotten Ulrich , Verheule Sander 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe mechanisms leading to the conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) to sinus rhythm are poorly understood. This study describes the dynamic behavior of electrophysiological parameters and conduction patterns leading to spontaneous and pharmacological AF termination.MethodsFive independent groups of goats were investigated: (1) spontaneous termination of AF, and drug-induced terminations of AF by various potassium channel inhibitors: (2) AP14145, (3) PA-6, (4) XAF-1407, and (5) vernakalant. Bi-atrial contact mapping was performed during an open chest surgery and intervals with continuous and discrete atrial activity were determined. AF cycle length (AFCL), conduction velocity and path length were calculated for each interval, and the final conduction pattern preceding AF termination was evaluated.ResultsAF termination was preceded by a sudden episode of discrete activity both in the presence and absence of an antiarrhythmic drug. This episode was accompanied by substantial increases in AFCL and conduction velocity, resulting in prolongation of path length. In 77% ± 4% of all terminations the conduction pattern preceding AF termination involved medial to lateral conduction along Bachmann’s bundle into both atria, followed by anterior to posterior conduction. This finding suggests conduction block in the interatrial septum and/or pulmonary vein area as final step of AF termination.ConclusionAF termination is preceded by an increased organization of fibrillatory conduction. The termination itself is a sudden process with a critical role for the interplay between spatiotemporal organization and anatomical structure.
An advanced TSMK-FVC approach combined with Landsat 5/8 imagery for assessing the long-term effects of terrain and climate on vegetation growth
Authors: Xu Zhenxian , Shen Xin , Ge Sang , Sun Qinglei , Yang Ying , Cao Lin 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAs an exceptional geographical entity, the vegetation of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) exhibits high sensitivity to climate change. The Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve (BNNR) is located in the south-eastern sector of the QTP, serving as a transition area from sub-tropical evergreen broadleaf forest to high-mountain vegetation. However, there has been limited exploration into predicting the temporal and spatial variability of vegetation cover using anti-interference methods to address outliers in long-term historical data. Additionally, the correlation between these variables and environmental factors in natural forests with complex terrain has rarely been analyzed.MethodsThis study has developed an advanced approach based on TS (Theil-Sen slope estimator) MK (Mann-Kendall test)-FVC (fractional vegetation cover) to accurately evaluate and predict the time and spatial shifts in FVC within the BNNR, utilizing the GEE (Google Earth Engine). The satellite data utilized in this paper consisted of Landsat images spanning from 1986 to2020. By integrating TS and MK methodologies to monitor and assess the FVC trend, the Hurst index was employed to forecast FVC. Furthermore, the association between FVC and topographic factors was evaluated, the partial correlation between FVC and climatic influences was analyzed at the pixel level (30×30m).Results and discussionHere are the results of this research: (1) Overall, the FVC of the BNNR exhibits a growth trend, with the mean FVC value increasing from 59.40% in 1986 to 68.67% in 2020. (2) The results based on the TS-MK algorithm showed that the percentage of the area of the study area with an increasing and decreasing trend was 59.03% (significant increase of 28.04%) and 22.13% (significant decrease of 6.42%), respectively. The coupling of the Hurst exponent with the Theil-Sen slope estimator suggests that the majority of regions within the BNNR are projected to sustain an upward trend in FVC in the future. (3) Overlaying the outcomes of TS-MK with the terrain factors revealed that the FVC changes were notably influenced by elevation. The partial correlation analysis between climate factors and vegetation changes indicated that temperature exerts a significant influence on vegetation cover, demonstrating a high spatial correlation.
The successful experience of gymnastics world champion coach: an interview analysis
Authors: Liu Xiuxia , Weng Xinghe , Qin Huahui , Ma Shuai , Wang Guoqing 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThe role of a coach in enhancing athletes’ performance and achieving success is well-documented across numerous studies. However, the strategies employed by Chinese coaches in developing world champion gymnasts remain under explored.MethodsThis research involved a single case study focusing on a coach from the Chinese National Men’s Gymnastics Team, credited with nurturing eight world champion gymnasts.ResultsThe inductive content analysis leads to that 6 subthemes, “international perspective and collaborative ability,” “ability to control and regulate training loads,” “identifying athletes’ needs and transforming them into motivation,” “goal setting aligned with athletes’ abilities,” “adopting authoritative democratic coaching style,” and “establishing hierarchical-style friendship”, and 3 themes, “training management and planning,” “motivation and goal setting,” and “interpersonal communication” are manifested. An overarching theme “the successful experience of gymnastics world champion coach,” is derived from the analysis.ConclusionThis research bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, offering valuable insights into the successful experiences of gymnastics world champion coaches. The findings have the potential to influence coaching methodologies globally, fostering the development of resilient, motivated, and high-performing athletes. Future research should focus on sport-specific studies, longitudinal analyses, and cross-cultural comparisons to further advance the field of sports coaching and validate the effectiveness of these innovative coaching strategies.
Finding the optimal balance: father-athlete challenges facing elite Nordic skiers
Authors: Bergström Max , Solli Guro Strøm , Sandbakk Øyvind , McGawley Kerry , Sæther Stig Arve 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundIn the last decade, a growing body of research has focused on the many aspects and challenges of combining parenthood with elite sport. Although the number of father-athletes is significantly higher than the number of mother-athletes, few studies to date have focused on male athletes’ experiences in a parenting context.AimThe aims of the present study were to explore how father-athlete challenges manifest among elite Nordic skiers in Norway, and to better understand how male athletes balance their priorities as they initiate, maintain, and/or discontinue their athletic career as a father-athlete.MethodsQualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 10 world-class male Nordic skiers in Norway (3 athletes without a child, 4 current father-athletes and 3 former father-athletes) and the content was analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFour main stages were identified in the father-athlete transition: (a) Expecting incompatibility (b) Taking the step, (c), The first blow, and (d) Finding the optimal balance. Through these stages the informants expected/had experienced challenges such as performance decline, disturbed sleeping patterns, fear of sickness and role conflicts. To manage these challenges, the father-athletes had developed various strategies to balance their dual roles (e.g., adapting training and competition seasons). Among the benefits, the father-athletes mentioned that they had become more structured, time efficient and ruthless with their priorities, enhanced motivation to train and a better work-life balance.ConclusionThis study offers valuable insights into father-athlete challenges that can be used to support career longevity and work-life balance among male athletes.
Feline coronavirus influences the biogenesis and composition of extracellular vesicles derived from CRFK cells
Authors: Wijerathne Sandani V. T. , Pandit Rachana , Ipinmoroti Ayodeji O. , Crenshaw Brennetta J. , Matthews Qiana L. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionCoronavirus (CoV) has become a public health crisis that causes numerous illnesses in humans and certain animals. Studies have identified the small, lipid-bound structures called extracellular vesicles (EVs) as the mechanism through which viruses can enter host cells, spread, and evade the host’s immune defenses. EVs are able to package and carry numerous viral compounds, including proteins, genetic substances, lipids, and receptor proteins. We proposed that the coronavirus could alter EV production and content, as well as influence EV biogenesis and composition in host cells.MethodsIn the current research, Crandell-Rees feline kidney (CRFK) cells were infected with feline coronavirus (FCoV) in an exosome-free media at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 2,500 infectious units (IFU) at 48 h and 72 h time points. Cell viability was analyzed and found to be significantly decreased by 9% (48 h) and 15% (72 h) due to FCoV infection. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and the surface morphology of isolated EVs was analyzed via Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).ResultsNanoSight particle tracking analysis (NTA) confirmed that the mean particle sizes of control EVs were 131.9 nm and 126.6 nm, while FCoV infected-derived EVs were 143.4 nm and 120.9 nm at 48 and 72 h, respectively. Total DNA, RNA, and protein levels were determined in isolated EVs at both incubation time points; however, total protein was significantly increased at 48 h. Expression of specific protein markers such as TMPRSS2, ACE2, Alix, TSG101, CDs (29, 47, 63), TLRs (3, 6, 7), TNF-α, and others were altered in infection-derived EVs when compared to control-derived EVs after FCoV infection.DiscussionOur findings suggested that FCoV infection could alter the EV production and composition in host cells, which affects the infection progression and disease evolution. One purpose of studying EVs in various animal coronaviruses that are in close contact with humans is to provide significant information about disease development, transmission, and adaptation. Hence, this study suggests that EVs could provide diagnostic and therapeutic applications in animal CoVs, and such understanding could provide information to prevent future coronavirus outbreaks.