bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leukotriene Enhances NMDA-Induced Inward Currents in Dorsal Horn Neurons of the Rat Spinal Cord after Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: Kiyoyuki Yasukuni , Taniguchi Wataru , Okubo Masamichi , Yamanaka Hiroki , Kobayashi Kimiko , Nishio Naoko , Nakatsuka Terumasa , Noguchi Koichi 
Published: September 2015

Background LTB4 is classified as a leukotriene (LT), a group of lipid mediators that are derived from arachidonic acid. It is recognized that leukotrienes are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including peripheral inflammatory pain. However, little is known about the effects of leukotrienes on the spinal dorsal horn during neuropathic pain. Previously, we reported that there was increased expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) at spinal microglia, and the leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1), a high affinity receptor of LTB4, in spinal neurons in spared nerve injury (SNI) model rats. In the present study, we examined the effects of LTB4 on spinal dorsal horn neurons in both naïve and SNI model rats using patch-clamp methods. Results Bath application of LTB4 did not change AMPA receptor-mediated spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) or membrane potentials. However, we found that LTB4 enhanced the amplitude of NMDA receptor-mediated sEPSCs and significantly increased exogenous NMDA-induced inward currents in SNI model rats. This increase of inward currents could be inhibited by a selective LTB4 antagonist, U75302, as well as a GDP-β-S, a G-protein inhibitor. These results indicate that both increased LTB4 from spinal microglia or increased BLT1 in spinal neurons after peripheral nerve injury can enhance the activity of NMDA receptors through intracellular G-proteins in spinal dorsal horn neurons. Conclusion Our findings showed that LTB4, which may originate from microglia, can activate BLT1 receptors which are expressed on the membrane of spinal dorsal horn neurons during neuropathic pain. This glia-neuron interaction induces the enhancement of NMDA currents through intracellular G-proteins. The enhancement of NMDA receptor sensitivity of dorsal horn neurons may lead to central sensitization, leading to mechanical pain hypersensitivity.
A new insole measurement system to detect bending and torsional moments at the human foot during footwear condition: a technical report
Authors: Stief Thomas , Peikenkamp Klaus 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundStress occurring at the feet while wearing footwear is often determined using pressure measurement systems. However, other forms of stress, such as bending, torsional and shear loadings, cannot be detected in shoes during day‐to‐day activities. Nevertheless, the detection of these types of stresses would be helpful for understanding the mechanical aspects of various kinds of hard and soft tissue injuries. Therefore, we describe the development of a new measuring device that allows the reliable determination of bending and torsional load at the foot in shoes.MethodsThe system consists of a measuring insole and an analogue device with Bluetooth interface. The specific shape of the insole base layer, the positions of the strain gauges, and the interconnections between them have all been selected in such a way so as to isolate bending and torsional moment detections in the medial and lateral metatarsal region. The system was calibrated using a classical two‐point test procedure. A single case study was executed to evaluate the new device for practical use. This application consisted of one subject wearing neutral shoes walking on a treadmill.ResultsThe calibration results (coefficients of determination R2 > 0.999) show that bending and torsional load can be reliably detected using the measurement system presented. In the single case study, alternating bending and torsional load can be detected during walking, and the shape of the detected bending moments can be confirmed by the measurements of Arndt et al. (J Biomech 35:621–8, 2002).ConclusionsDespite some limitations, the presented device allows for the reliable determination of bending and torsional stresses at the foot in shoes.
Discrepant post filter ionized calcium concentrations by common blood gas analyzers in CRRT using regional citrate anticoagulation
Authors: Schwarzer Patrik , Kuhn Sven-Olaf , Stracke Sylvia , Gründling Matthias , Knigge Stephan , Selleng Sixten , Helm Maximilian , Friesecke Sigrun , Abel Peter , Kallner Anders , Nauck Matthias , Petersmann Astrid 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Ionized calcium (iCa) concentration is often used in critical care and measured using blood gas analyzers at the point of care. Controlling and adjusting regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) involves measuring the iCa concentration in two samples: systemic with physiological iCa concentrations and post filter samples with very low iCa concentrations. However, modern blood gas analyzers are optimized for physiological iCa concentrations which might make them less suitable for measuring low iCa in blood with a high concentration of citrate. We present results of iCa measurements from six different blood gas analyzers and the impact on clinical decisions based on the recommendations of the dialysis’ device manufacturer.

Method
The iCa concentrations of systemic and post filter samples were measured using six distinct, frequently used blood gas analyzers. We obtained iCa results of 74 systemic and 84 post filter samples from patients undergoing RCA for CRRT at the University Medicine of Greifswald.

Results
The systemic samples showed concordant results on all analyzers with median iCa concentrations ranging from 1.07 to 1.16 mmol/L. The medians of iCa concentrations for post filter samples ranged from 0.21 to 0.50 mmol/L. Results of >70 % of the post filter samples would lead to major differences in decisions regarding citrate flow depending on the instrument used.

Conclusion
Measurements of iCa in post filter samples may give misleading information in monitoring the RCA. Recommendations of the dialysis manufacturer need to be revised. Meanwhile, little weight should be given to post filter iCa. Reference methods for low iCa in whole blood containing citrate should be established.
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Trial of Yeast-Derived Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) Versus Peptide Vaccination Versus GM-CSF Plus Peptide Vaccination Versus Placebo in Patients With No Evidence of Disease After Complete Surgical Resection of Locally Advanced and/or Stage IV Melanoma: A Trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group–American College of Radiology Imaging Network Cancer Research Group (E4697)
Authors: Lawson David H. , Lee Sandra , Zhao Fengmin , Tarhini Ahmad A. , Margolin Kim A. , Ernstoff Marc S. , Atkins Michael B. , Cohen Gary I. , Whiteside Theresa L. , Butterfield Lisa H. , Kirkwood John M. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and peptide vaccination (PV) on relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with resected high-risk melanoma. Patients and Methods Patients with completely resected stage IV or high-risk stage III melanoma were grouped by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) -A2 status. HLA-A2–positive patients were randomly assigned to receive GM-CSF, PV, both, or placebo; HLA-A2–negative patients, GM-CSF or placebo. Treatment lasted for 1 year or until recurrence. Efficacy analyses were conducted in the intent-to-treat population. Results A total of 815 patients were enrolled. There were no significant improvements in OS (stratified log-rank P = .528; hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% repeated CI, 0.77 to 1.15) or RFS (P = .131; hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.04) in the patients assigned to GM-CSF (n = 408) versus those assigned to placebo (n = 407). The median OS times with GM-CSF versus placebo treatments were 69.6 months (95% CI, 53.4 to 83.5 months) versus 59.3 months (95% CI, 44.4 to 77.3 months); the 5-year OS probability rates were 52.3% (95% CI, 47.3% to 57.1%) versus 49.4% (95% CI, 44.3% to 54.3%), respectively. The median RFS times with GM-CSF versus placebo were 11.4 months (95% CI, 9.4 to 14.8 months) versus 8.8 months (95% CI, 7.5 to 11.2 months); the 5-year RFS probability rates were 31.2% (95% CI, 26.7% to 35.9%) versus 27.0% (95% CI, 22.7% to 31.5%), respectively. Exploratory analyses showed a trend toward improved OS in GM-CSF–treated patients with resected visceral metastases. When survival in HLA-A2–positive patients who received PV versus placebo was compared, RFS and OS were not significantly different. Treatment-related grade 3 or greater adverse events were similar between GM-CSF and placebo groups. Conclusion Neither adjuvant GM-CSF nor PV significantly improved RFS or OS in patients with high-risk resected melanoma. Exploratory analyses suggest that GM-CSF may be beneficial in patients with resected visceral metastases; this observation requires prospective validation.
Chiral Interaction between Bilirubin and Poly-l-lysine at Liquid–Liquid Interface
Authors: Matsuura Kimika , Watarai Hitoshi 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Chiral interaction between bilirubin (BR) and poly-l-lysine (PLL) was investigated by a centrifugal liquid membrane-circular dichroism method. The interfacial self-aggregation of BR in pH 6 and the preferential interaction between the P form of BR and α-helix form of PLL at the interface under pH 10–12 were observed.
Collisional Reaction of Liquid Droplets: Amidation of Dansyl Chloride Observed by Fluorescence Enhancement
Authors: Suzuki Tomoko , Kohno Jun-ya 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The collisional reaction of droplets is observed by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Colliding droplets of the reactant solutions are irradiated with a pulsed laser, and the resulting fluorescence spectra and images of the colliding droplets are observed as a function of the elapsed time from the collision. The amidation reaction of dansyl chloride with isopropylamine is observed through fluorescence enhancement on a microsecond time scale. The present method enables us to measure the early stages of reactions in solutions.
Productivity of Technological Waves in the USA Economy
Authors: Басовский  , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская  , Basovskaya Elena 
Published: September 2015

The paper presents econometric estimates of the productivity of technological
waves in the US economy. The phenomenon was dated due to modeling of
Kondratiev waves (cycles) that synchronize origin, dominance and death of
waves. Simulation of waves productivity revealed that the productivity of relict
waves in the US economy is 3610 Gehry-Hemis dollars 2005. Maximum
productivity of the fourth wave in the US economy is 3327 Gehry-Hemis dollars
2005. Maximum productivity of the fifth tech-nological wave in the US economy
is 21 thousand Gehry-Hemis dollars 2005. Maximum productivity of the sixth
technological wave in the US economy is 39 thousand Gehry-Hemis dollars in
2005.
Methods for Evaluating Risk Sensitivity of Investment Project
Authors: Сорокина  , Sorokina Natalia , Иванов  , Ivanov Miron 
Published: September 2015

This article conducts the analysis of methods of project&#96;s risk sensitivity
evaluation most frequently used by investment managers. Both quantitative
andqualitative methods were considered, and their main benefits, drawbacks
and areas of application were highlighted.
United We Stand or Divided We Stand? Strategic Supplier Alliances Under Order Default Risk
Authors: Huang Xiao , Boyacı Tamer , Gümüş Mehmet , Ray Saibal , Zhang Dan 
Published: September 2015

We study the alliance formation strategy among suppliers in a framework with one downstream firm and n upstream suppliers. Each supplier faces an exogenous random shock that may result in an order default. Each of them also has access to a recourse fund that can mitigate this risk. The suppliers can share the fund resources within an alliance, but they need to equitably allocate the profits of the alliance among the partners. In this context, suppliers need to decide whether to join larger alliances that have better chances of order fulfillment or smaller ones that may grant them higher profit allocations. We first analytically characterize the exact coalition-proof Nash-stable coalition structures that would arise for symmetric complementary or substitutable suppliers. Our analysis reveals that it is the appeal of default risk mitigation, rather than competition reduction, that motivates cooperation. In general, a riskier and/or less fragmented supply base favors larger alliances, whereas substitutable suppliers and customer demands with lower pass-through rates result in smaller ones. We then characterize the stable coalition structures for an asymmetric supplier base. We establish that grand coalition is more stable when the supplier base is more homogeneous in terms of their risk levels, rather than divided among a few highly risky suppliers and other low-risk ones. Going one step further, our investigation of endogenous recourse fund levels for the suppliers demonstrates how financing costs affect suppliers’ investments in risk-reducing resources and, consequently, their coalition formation strategy. Last, we discuss model generalizations and show that, in general, our insights are quite robust. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Necessity of Future Information in Admission Control
Authors: Xu Kuang 
Published: September 2015

We study the necessity of predictive information in a class of queueing admission control problems, where a system manager is allowed to divert incoming jobs up to a fixed rate, in order to minimize the queueing delay experienced by the admitted jobs. Spencer et al. (2014) [Spencer J, Sudan M, Xu K (2014) Queuing with future information. Ann. Appl. Probab. 24(5):2091–2142.] show that the system’s delay performance can be significantly improved by having access to future information in the form of a lookahead window, during which the times of future arrivals and services are revealed. They prove that, while delay under an optimal online policy diverges to infinity in the heavy-traffic regime, it can stay bounded by making use of future information. However, the diversion polices of Spencer et al. (2014) require the length of the lookahead window to grow to infinity at a nontrivial rate in the heavy-traffic regime, and it remained open whether substantial performance improvement could still be achieved with less future information. We resolve this question to a large extent by establishing an asymptotically tight lower bound on how much future information is necessary to achieve superior performance, which matches the upper bound of Spencer et al. (2014) up to a constant multiplicative factor. Our result hence demonstrates that the system’s heavy-traffic delay performance is highly sensitive to the amount of future information available. Our proof is based on analyzing certain excursion probabilities of the input sample paths, and exploiting a connection between a policy’s diversion decisions and subsequent server idling, which may be of independent interest for related dynamic resource allocation problems.
Suppression of Meiotic Recombination by CENP-B Homologs inSchizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Johansen Peter , Cam Hugh P 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMeiotic homologous recombination (HR) is not uniform across eukaryotic genomes, creating regions of HR hot- and coldspots. Previous study reveals that the Spo11 homolog Rec12 responsible for initiation of meiotic double-strand breaks in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is not targeted to Tf2 retrotransposons. However, whether Tf2s are HR coldspots is not known. Here, we show that the rates of HR across Tf2s are similar to a genome average but substantially increase in mutants deficient for the CENP-B homologs. Abp1, which is the most prominent of the CENP-B family members and acts as the primary determinant of HR suppression at Tf2s, is required to prevent gene conversion and maintain proper recombination exchange of homologous alleles flanking Tf2s. In addition, Abp1-mediated suppression of HR at Tf2s requires all three of its domains with distinct functions in transcriptional repression and higher-order genome organization. We demonstrate that HR suppression of Tf2s can be robustly maintained despite disruption to chromatin factors essential for transcriptional repression and nuclear organization of Tf2s. Intriguingly, we uncover a surprising cooperation between the histone methyltransferase Set1 responsible for histone H3 lysine 4 methylation and the nonhomologous end joining pathway in ensuring the suppression of HR at Tf2s. Our study identifies a molecular pathway involving functional cooperation between a transcription factor with epigenetic regulators and a DNA repair pathway to regulate meiotic recombination at interspersed repeats.
Dependence of Human Colorectal Cells Lacking the FBW7 Tumor Suppressor on the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint
Authors: Bailey Melanie L , Singh Tejomayee , Mero Patricia , Moffat Jason , Hieter Philip 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFBW7 (F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7), also known as FBXW7 or hCDC4, is a tumor suppressor gene mutated in a broad spectrum of cancer cell types. As a component of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase, FBW7 is responsible for specifically recognizing phosphorylated substrates, many important for tumor progression, and targeting them for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Although the role of FBW7 as a tumor suppressor is well established, less well studied is how FBW7-mutated cancer cells might be targeted for selective killing. To explore this further, we undertook a genome-wide RNAi screen using WT and FBW7 knockout colorectal cell lines and identified the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) protein BUBR1, as a candidate synthetic lethal target. We show here that asynchronous FBW7 knockout cells have increased levels of mitotic APC/C substrates and are sensitive to knockdown of not just BUBR1 but BUB1 and MPS1, other known SAC components, suggesting a dependence of these cells on the mitotic checkpoint. Consistent with this dependence, knockdown of BUBR1 in cells lacking FBW7 results in significant cell aneuploidy and increases in p53 levels. The FBW7 substrate cyclin E was necessary for the genetic interaction with BUBR1. In contrast, the establishment of this dependence on the SAC requires the deregulation of multiple substrates of FBW7. Our work suggests that FBW7 knockout cells are vulnerable in their dependence on the mitotic checkpoint and that this may be a good potential target to exploit in FBW7-mutated cancer cells.
Complementation of Yeast Genes with Human Genes as an Experimental Platform for Functional Testing of Human Genetic Variants
Authors: Hamza Akil , Tammpere Erik , Kofoed Megan , Keong Christelle , Chiang Jennifer , Giaever Guri , Nislow Corey , Hieter Philip 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
While the pace of discovery of human genetic variants in tumors, patients, and diverse populations has rapidly accelerated, deciphering their functional consequence has become rate-limiting. Using cross-species complementation, model organisms like the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can be utilized to fill this gap and serve as a platform for testing human genetic variants. To this end, we performed two parallel screens, a one-to-one complementation screen for essential yeast genes implicated in chromosome instability and a pool-to-pool screen that queried all possible essential yeast genes for rescue of lethality by all possible human homologs. Our work identified 65 human cDNAs that can replace the null allele of essential yeast genes, including the nonorthologous pair yRFT1/hSEC61A1. We chose four human cDNAs (hLIG1, hSSRP1, hPPP1CA, and hPPP1CC) for which their yeast gene counterparts function in chromosome stability and assayed in yeast 35 tumor-specific missense mutations for growth defects and sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. This resulted in a set of human–yeast gene complementation pairs that allow human genetic variants to be readily characterized in yeast, and a prioritized list of somatic mutations that could contribute to chromosome instability in human tumors. These data establish the utility of this cross-species experimental approach.
Automated Real time Data Cleansing and Summarization; Case Study on Drilling Hook load Real time Data
Authors: Al Gharbi Salem H , Al sanie Faisal S. , Al Zayer Majed R 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Real time data has become a vital component in drilling operations since it provides details that assist understanding of operational behavior. Real time data has played a big role in helping engineers maintain an optimized operational envelop to avoid drilling problems. It is well known that the amounts of data generated from real time tools (downhole and surface) are enormous; they bring other challenges such as managing and interpreting the high volume of data. The real time data is full of noise and it's difficult to process and analyze in real time. Cleansing and summarizing this huge volume of real time data is needed to improve the quality of the data for analysis and decision making in real time.
In this paper, hook load data will be a case study for automated real time data cleansing and summarization using statistical analysis techniques. This paper will present a technique for converting the drilling hook load real time data from 2D representation to 3D representation; the third dimension will be the data concentration, and this dimension will play a major role in allowing the dataset to self clean and summarize, which will provide an automated manner to clean the drilling real time data and summarize it.
This paper will show a set of real time data before and after applying this technique, and it will highlight how this technique was able to successfully clean and summarize a huge amount of real time data without losing trend descriptiveness.
This technique can prepare the real time data to be processed by a new level of advanced analytics applications that provide the drilling operation with real time prediction, simulation, and decision making solutions.