bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS‐CoV‐2‐Spike T‐cell response after receiving one or two Wuhan‐Hu‐1‐based mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine booster doses in elderly nursing home residents
Authors: Carretero Diego , Giménez Estela , Albert Eliseo , Colomer Ester , Torres Ignacio , Olea Beatriz , Sánchez‐Simarro Ángela , Navarro David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe effect of COVID‐19 booster vaccination on SARS‐CoV‐2 T‐cell mediated immune responses in elderly nursing home residents has not been explored in depth. Thirty‐nine elderly nursing home residents (median age, 91 years) were included, all fully vaccinated with mRNA vaccines. The frequency of and the integrated mean fluorescence (iMFI) for peripheral blood SARS‐CoV‐2‐Spike reactive IFN‐γ‐producing CD4+ or CD8+ T cells before and after the first (Pre‐3D and Post‐3D) and second (Pre‐4D and Post‐4D) vaccine booster doses was determined using flow cytometry for an intracellular staining method. 3D increased significantly (p = 0.01) the percentage of participants displaying detectable SARS‐CoV‐2‐T‐cell responses compared with pre‐3D (97% vs. 74%). The magnitude of the increase was statistically significant for CD8+ T cells (p = 0.007) but not for CD4+ T cells (p = 0.77). A trend towards higher frequencies of peripheral blood SARS‐CoV‐2‐CD8+ T cells was observed post‐3D compared with pre‐3D (p = 0.06). The percentage of participants with detectable SARS‐S‐CoV‐2 CD4+ T‐cell responses decreased post‐4D (p = 0.035). Following 4D, a nonsignificant decrease in the frequencies of both T cell subsets was noticed (p = 0.94 for CD8+ T cells and p = 0.06 for CD4+ T cells). iMFI data mirrored that of T‐cell frequencies. The kinetics of SARS‐CoV‐2 CD8+ and CD4+ T cells following receipt of 3D and 4D were comparable across SARS‐CoV‐2‐experienced and ‐naïve participants and between individuals receiving a homologous or heterologous vaccine booster. 3D increased the percentage of elderly nursing home residents displaying detectable SARS‐CoV‐2 T‐cell responses but had a marginal effect on T‐cell frequencies. The impact of 4D on SARS‐CoV‐2 T‐cell responses was negligible; whether this was due to suboptimal priming or rapid waning could not be ascertained.
Global burden of vaccine‐associated hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions, 1967–2023: A comprehensive analysis of the international pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Lee Sooji , Lee Kyeongmin , Park Jaeyu , Jeong Yi Deun , Jo Hyesu , Kim Soeun , Woo Selin , Son Yejun , Kim Hyeon Jin , Lee Kwanjoo , Ha Yeonjung , Oh Na‐eun , Lee Jinseok , Rhee Sang Youl , Smith Lee , Kang Jiseung , Rahmati Masoud , Lee Hayeon , Yon Dong Keon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough previous studies have focused on hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with COVID‐19 vaccines, literature on such ADRs with other vaccines is limited, particularly on a global scale. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the global burden of vaccine‐associated hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal ADRs and identify the vaccines implicated in these occurrences. This study utilized data from the World Health Organization (WHO) international pharmacovigilance database to extract reports of vaccine‐associated hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal ADRs from 1967 to 2023 (total reports = 131 255 418). Through global reporting counts, reported odds ratios (ROR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), and information components (IC) with IC0.25, the study examined the association between 16 vaccines and the incidence of hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal ADRs across 156 countries. Of the 6 842 303 reports in the vaccine‐associated ADRs, 10 786 reports of liver injury, 927 870 reports of gastrointestinal symptoms, 2978 reports of pancreas and bile duct injury, and 96 reports of intra‐abdominal hemorrhage between 1967 and 2023 were identified. Most hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal ADRs surged after 2020, with the majority of reports attributed to COVID‐19 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines. Hepatitis A vaccines exhibited the highest association with liver injury (ROR [95% CI]: 10.30 [9.65–10.99]; IC [IC0.25]: 3.33 [3.22]), followed by hepatitis B, typhoid, and rotavirus. Specifically, ischemic hepatitis had a significant association with both Ad5‐vectored and mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines. Gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with all vaccines except for tuberculosis vaccines, particularly with rotavirus (11.62 [11.45–11.80]; 3.05 [3.03]) and typhoid (11.02 [10.66–11.39]; 3.00 [2.96]). Pancreas and bile duct injury were associated with COVID‐19 mRNA (1.99 [1.89–2.09]; 0.90 [0.83]), MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella), and papillomavirus vaccines. For intra‐abdominal hemorrhage, inactivated whole‐virus COVID‐19 vaccines (3.93 [1.86–8.27]; 1.71 [0.41]) had the highest association, followed by COVID‐19 mRNA (1.81 [1.42–2.29]; 0.77 [0.39]). Most of these ADRs had a short time to onset, within 1 day, and low mortality rate. Through a global scale database, the majority of ADRs occurred within 1 day, emphasizing the importance of healthcare workers' vigilant monitoring and timely management.
Hybrid Cartesian/unstructured numerical method for efficient evaluation of scattered fields: Application to buried object detection from airborne platforms
Authors: Mazzolo Lisa‐Marie , Ferrieres Xavier 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on the study and development of an efficient numerical method designed to simulate the radar cross section (RCS) of objects buried in lossy ground and illuminated by a plane wave. The primary objective aligns with the overarching challenge of detecting buried targets in the ground using an airborne radar system. In this scenario, a source antenna illuminates a considered 3D domain, and sensors receive the scattered field from the targets. To enable accurate and efficient simulations, the proposed tool utilizes a Cartesian/unstructured mesh and employs hybrid method that combines two finite volume solvers. In the contents of the paper, we first present a strategy for obtaining Cartesian/unstructured meshes. Subsequently, we study the hybridization of two specific finite volume schemes. Additionaly, a ground and a Near‐ to Far‐field model are introduced for buried targets. To validate and showcase the advantages of our hybrid approach, practical examples are presented. Finally, the strategy designed for handling meshes composed of multiple Cartesian and unstructured zones is detailed.
The evolution of tumor enucleation partial nephrectomy: A comparison of perioperative outcomes for sutureless hemostatic bandage as an alternative to standard renorrhaphy
Authors: Rac Goran , Ellis Jeffrey L. , Lanzotti Nicholas J. , McCormick Mallory E. , Felice Michael D. , Janakiraman Sarang , Desai Shalin , Halgrimson Whitney , Patel Hiten D. , Gupta Gopal N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe standard approach to hemostasis during partial nephrectomy (PN) is to perform suture renorrhaphy (SR). Application of a hemostatic bandage (HB) is an alternative to minimize blood loss and devitalized renal parenchyma. We aim to evaluate perioperative outcomes of PN with tumor enucleation (TE) comparing SR to HB.MethodsWe analyzed a retrospective cohort of 195 patients undergoing robot‐assisted laparoscopic PN with TE performed at a tertiary referral center (2012–2022). Hemostasis was obtained with SR in 54 patients while 141 patients underwent application of HB consisting of Surgicel®, Gelfoam® soaked in thrombin, and Floseal®.ResultsSR patients had tumors of greater complexity by RENAL nephrometry score compared to HB patients (p < 0.001). Operative time (141 vs. 183 min, p < 0.001), warm ischemia time (11.6 vs. 24.2 min, p < 0.001), estimated blood loss (37 vs. 214 mL, p < 0.001), and length of stay (1.2 vs. 1.8 days, p < 0.001) favored HB. There was no significant difference in Clavien–Dindo grade ≥3 complications (p = 0.22). Renal function was comparable with mean estimated glomerular filtration rate decrease of 0.66 and 0.54 mL/min/1.73 m2 at 3 months postoperatively for HB and SR, respectively (p = 0.93).ConclusionsApplication of an HB is a safe alternative to SR for hemostasis following PN with TE in appropriately selected patients.
Peripartum Prediction of Fetal Weight in Gravidas With Obesity
Authors: Bligard Katherine H. , Kelly Jeannie C. , Frolova Antonina I. , Odibo Anthony O. , Raghuraman Nandini 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesEstimated fetal weight (EFW) is an important metric at delivery as neonates with abnormal birthweight and their mothers are at higher risk of birth complications. Data regarding optimal EFW assessment in gravidas with obesity is inconsistent, and with the increasing incidence of obesity, clarification of this question is crucial. We aimed to compare accuracy of ultrasound (US)‐derived EFW and clinical assessments of EFW in predicting neonatal birthweight among gravidas with obesity.MethodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled gravidas with obesity and a singleton pregnancy admitted for delivery at term. EFW was determined using either US biometry or clinical assessment (Leopold's maneuvers, Johnson's formula, and Insler's formula) at time of admission. Our primary outcome was accurate EFW, defined as EFW within 500 g of birthweight. Secondary outcomes included ability to predict small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) and large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) birthweights. These outcomes were compared between all EFW methods.ResultsA total of 250 gravidas with a median body mass index of 36.4 kg/m2 were enrolled. Admission US outperformed Leopold's maneuvers in obtaining accurate EFW (81.6% versus 74.5%, P = .03). When comparing all methods, Johnson's and Insler's formulae performed the worst, accurately predicting EFW in only 27.4% and 14.3% of cases, respectively. Likewise, US‐derived EFW outperformed Leopold's maneuvers and fundal height in the prediction of SGA and LGA neonates.ConclusionsUS is more accurate than clinical assessment of EFW in gravidas with obesity both for estimation of actual birthweight and prediction of abnormal birthweight. Universal late third‐trimester or peripartum US for EFW should be considered in gravidas with obesity.
445nm Blue Laser for Cricopharyngeal Myotomy/Zenker's Diverticulotomy: Proof of Concept and Use
Authors: Tie Kevin , Manayan Regan C. , Mallur Pavan S. 
Published: July 2024

Objective(s)Treatment for Zenker's diverticulum and cricopharyngeal dysfunction has evolved to include flexible endoscopic approaches. Currently, no flexible modalities combine the precision cutting of CO2 laser and the hemostasis of knife electrocautery. We present the first series describing fiber‐based 445nm blue light (BL) laser for endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy/Zenker's diverticulotomy. We describe usage characteristics and laser parameters with rigid esophagoscopy to determine the feasibility of use with flexible endoscopy.MethodsRetrospective review and literature review.ResultsThe first nine cases of endoscopic diverticulotomy (n = 5) and cricopharyngeal myotomy (n = 4) with BL were reviewed. Rigid exposure was achieved with the Dohlman Slimline diverticuloscope. Mean age was 75.6 years. Average diverticulum depth was 0.89 cm ±1.0 cm. Pulsed mode was used in seven cases with mean of 6.86 W, 54 ms pulse on, and 286 ms pulse pause and overall mean of 6.00 W and 405 J. Complete myotomy with intact buccopharyngeal fascia and without bleeding limiting view was achieved in all patients. One of two patients in whom continuous wave setting was used developed subcutaneous emphysema following vigorous cough on POD0; this resolved after 7 days nothing per oral (NPO). Eight patients were started on oral intake without evidence for leak. Pulsed mode with fiber‐to‐tissue contact provided effective muscle cutting without disruption of buccopharyngeal fascia. Literature review yielded three articles examining flexible approach with laser for Zenker's and none with BL.ConclusionBL provides safe and effective fiber‐based cutting and hemostasis in endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy/Zenker's diverticulotomy. Future use in flexible endoscopic approaches appears feasible, though continuous wave should be avoided.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:4620–4624, 2024
Phytoplankton primary productivity: A dual‐incubation approach for direct comparison of photosystem II photosynthetic flux (JVPII) and 14C‐fixation experiments
Authors: Schuback Nina , Oxborough Kevin , Burkitt‐Gray Mary , López‐García Patricia , Patey Matthew D. , Hammermeister Emily , Wright Alan , Moore C. Mark 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSinge‐turnover active chlorophyll a fluorometry (STAF) can be used to assess phytoplankton photosynthetic rates in terms of the photosystem II photochemical flux (JVPII, μmol e− m−3 s−1) instantaneously, autonomously, and at high resolution. While JVPII provides an upper limit to rates of phytoplankton primary productivity in units of carbon fixation, the conversion between these two rates is variable, limiting our ability to utilize high‐resolution JVPII data to monitor phytoplankton primary productivity. Simultaneous measurements of JVPII and 14C‐fixation help in understanding the factors controlling the variable ratio between the two rates. However, to date, methodological inconsistencies, including differences in incubation lengths and light quality, have greatly inhibited practical assessment of such electron to carbon ratios (Φe,C, mol e− mol C−1). We here present data from a range of dual‐incubation experiments in northeast Atlantic waters during which JVPII and 14C‐fixation were measured simultaneously on the same sample. Time‐course experiments show how Φe,C increases with incubation length, likely reflecting the transition from gross to net 14C‐fixation. Dual‐incubation experiments conducted under different light levels show a tendency for increased Φe,C under (super‐)saturating light. Finally, data from a diurnal experiment demonstrate how Φe,C increases over the course of a day, due to downregulation of 14C‐fixation. We provide a detailed description of our methodological approach, including a critical discussion of improvements to the calculation of JVPII implemented in the LabSTAF instrument used for active fluorescence measurements and the limitations of the well‐established 14C‐fixation approach.
Structure design for light‐extraction enhancement of UVC‐LED
Authors: Liu Qixin , Wei An‐Chi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUVC‐LEDs have drawn attention recently because of their benefits to sterilization, decontamination, etc. Since the internal quantum efficiency and light extraction efficiency (LEE) of UVC‐LEDs are low, their external quantum efficiency remains unsatisfied. To enhance the LEE, this study proposes an integration design with the features of substrate‐thickness optimization, substrate shaping, diffuse‐reflective coating, an index‐matching layer, and taper‐base optimization. In addition to optical modeling via ray tracing, thermal modeling is conducted to evaluate both the optical and thermal performances of each feature. The simulation results show that, by means of the combination of these features, the LEE of the chip can be raised from 18.5% to more than 40%, and the average temperature of the device can be lowered by 2.2°C via the design of the diffuse‐reflective coating.
Microstructural, mechanical, thermo‐rheological, barrier, and antimicrobial properties of coextruded tri‐layer polylactide/encapsulated geraniol/polylactide‐graphene nanoplatelets films
Authors: Ahmed Jasim , Bher Anibal , Auras Rafael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA sustainable polylactide (PLA)‐based multilayer food packaging film was developed to improve neat PLA films' modest mechanical, thermal, and water/gas barrier properties. To improve the desired properties and impart antimicrobial aspects to the composite films, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), and geraniol (GER) were reinforced into single‐layered PLA films. The project aimed to assemble three monolayers into multilayer films (MLF) through a coextrusion process, keeping the PLA‐GER layer in the core. X‐ray diffractograms, micrographs, and roughness parameters of the films demonstrated the dispersion of GNP in the film. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed an enhancement in the thermal stability of the MLF by around 8°C when compared against single‐layer PLA films. An improvement in mechanical rigidity was supported by tensile (>87%) and rheological measurements. The polymers exhibit liquid‐like behavior in melts. Barrier properties did not improve for the MLF due to the agglomeration of GNP. The excellent antimicrobial properties of the MLFs for 3 weeks of storage at refrigerated conditions against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative pathogens were attributed to the release of GER from the film into the packed chicken samples and proved their potential for use in the food industry.
5‐aminobenzimidazole@graphene oxide nanosheets doped polyimide nanocomposites: Low‐temperature curing and improved mechanical properties
Authors: Hu Zhufeng , Tong Yuchen , Wang Min , Sun Bing , Bai Huijuan , Xu Junbo , Yang Chao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe preparation of polyimide matrix composites with low curing temperature and high mechanical properties is of great importance. In this study, a low‐cost and multi‐functional nanofiller, 5‐aminobenzimidazole grafted graphene oxide (5‐ABZ@GO) has been designed. By nucleophilic attack on 5‐aminobenzimidazole basic groups and doping of GO, the above requirements of polyimide composites were skillfully realized. The results show that when the addition of 5‐ABZ@GO is 1%, the 5‐ABZ@GO/PI nanocomposites can achieve complete imidized at 200°C. Moreover, the nanocomposite prepared by imidization at 200°C has good mechanical and thermal properties (tensile strength is 141.64 MPa, modulus is 6.05 GPa, T5% is as high as 543.5°C), which is better than the PI composites prepared at 320°C. This study provides an innovative approach to preparing polyimide composites that meet mechanical performance requirements while utilizing comparatively lower curing temperatures, low curing temperature polyimide resins provide a new path for integrated composites with structure–function integration.
Research progress of microvascular development in bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Du Weiwei , Zhang Zongli , Li Tao , Li Xingchao , Xi Shibing 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that arises during the neonatal period, and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. The disorder of microvascular development plays a significant role in the development of BPD. This article presents a comprehensive review of the advancements made in understanding the mechanisms and treatment approaches related to microvascular development in the pathogenesis of BPD.
Unveiling the stochastic nature of human heteropolymer ferritin self‐assembly mechanism
Authors: Bou‐Abdallah Fadi , Fish Jeremie , Terashi Genki , Zhang Yuanyuan , Kihara Daisuke , Arosio Paolo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite ferritin's critical role in regulating cellular and systemic iron levels, our understanding of the structure and assembly mechanism of isoferritins, discovered over eight decades ago, remains limited. Unveiling how the composition and molecular architecture of hetero‐oligomeric ferritins confer distinct functionality to isoferritins is essential to understanding how the structural intricacies of H and L subunits influence their interactions with cellular machinery. In this study, ferritin heteropolymers with specific H to L subunit ratios were synthesized using a uniquely engineered plasmid design, followed by high‐resolution cryo‐electron microscopy analysis and deep learning‐based amino acid modeling. Our structural examination revealed unique architectural features during the self‐assembly mechanism of heteropolymer ferritins and demonstrated a significant preference for H‐L heterodimer formation over H‐H or L‐L homodimers. Unexpectedly, while dimers seem essential building blocks in the protein self‐assembly process, the overall mechanism of ferritin self‐assembly is observed to proceed randomly through diverse pathways. The physiological significance of these findings is discussed including how ferritin microheterogeneity could represent a tissue‐specific adaptation process that imparts distinctive tissue‐specific functions to isoferritins.
Variable Duration Trial as an Alternative Design for Continuous Endpoints
Authors: Ganju Jitendra , Ma Julie Guoguang 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTClinical trials with continuous primary endpoints typically measure outcomes at baseline, at a fixed timepoint (denoted T
min), and at intermediate timepoints. The analysis is commonly performed using the mixed model repeated measures method. It is sometimes expected that the effect size will be larger with follow‐up longer than T
min. But extending the follow‐up for all patients delays trial completion. We propose an alternative trial design and analysis method that potentially increases statistical power without extending the trial duration or increasing the sample size. We propose following the last enrolled patient until T
min, with earlier enrollees having variable follow‐up durations up to a maximum of T
max. The sample size at T
max will be smaller than at T
min, and due to staggered enrollment, data missing at T
max will be missing completely at random. For analysis, we propose an alpha‐adjusted procedure based on the smaller of the p values at T
min and T
max, termed . This approach can provide the highest power when the powers at T
min and T
max are similar. If the power at T
min and T
max differ significantly, the power of is modestly reduced compared with the larger of the two powers. Rare disease trials, due to the limited size of the patient population, may benefit the most with this design.
Development and clinical validation of a deep learning‐based knee CT image segmentation method for robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Li Songlin , Zou Xiongfei , Chen Xi , Xu Hongjun , Yu Yang , Gu Zhao , Liu Dong , Li Runchao , Wu Yaojiong , Wang Guangzhi , Liao Hongen , Qian Wenwei , Zhang Yiling 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to develop a novel deep convolutional neural network called Dual‐path Double Attention Transformer (DDA‐Transformer) designed to achieve precise and fast knee joint CT image segmentation and to validate it in robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsThe femoral, tibial, patellar, and fibular segmentation performance and speed were evaluated and the accuracy of component sizing, bone resection and alignment of the robotic‐assisted TKA system constructed using this deep learning network was clinically validated.ResultsOverall, DDA‐Transformer outperformed six other networks in terms of the Dice coefficient, intersection over union, average surface distance, and Hausdorff distance. DDA‐Transformer exhibited significantly faster segmentation speeds than nnUnet, TransUnet and 3D‐Unet (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the robotic‐assisted TKA system outperforms the manual group in surgical accuracy.ConclusionsDDA‐Transformer exhibited significantly improved accuracy and robustness in knee joint segmentation, and this convenient and stable knee joint CT image segmentation network significantly improved the accuracy of the TKA procedure.