bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsically motivating the crowds: the role of feedback information in crowdsourcing contests
Authors: Wang Mengmeng , Zhang Chun , Zhu Tingting 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the motivational role of feedback information (positive and negative) provided by the firm in the face of participant heterogeneity, in terms of past success experience, under the research setting of crowdsourcing contests.Design/methodology/approachTaking insights from feedback studies and the dynamics of self-regulation theory, four theoretical hypotheses are proposed. An integrated dataset of 4,880 contest-participant pairs, which is obtained from an online contest platform and a survey, is empirically analyzed.FindingsEmpirical analysis shows that both positive feedback and negative feedback are able to stimulate the inner needs of participants. Notably, negative (positive) feedback becomes more (less) effective in intrinsically motivating crowds as they gain more successful experience during contest participation.Originality/valueThis study brings some new knowledge for the intrinsic motivation of crowds by exploring its antecedents, which have been undervalued in extant literature. The motivational role of feedback information is particularly explored.
An equilibrium analysis of blockchain integration strategies in the livestock meat supply chain considering consumers’ preference for quality trust
Authors: Jiang Yiping , Zhou Shanshan , Chu Jie , Fu Xiaoling , Lin Junyi 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to explore blockchain integration strategies within a three-level livestock meat supply chain in which consumers have a preference for quality trust in livestock meat products. The paper investigates three questions: First, how does consumers’ preference for quality trust affect blockchain integration and transaction decisions among supply chain participants? Second, under what circumstances will retailers choose to participate in the blockchain? Finally, how can other factors such as blockchain costs and supplier–retailer partnership value affect integration decisions?Design/methodology/approachThis paper formulates a supply chain network equilibrium model and employs the logarithmic-quadratic proximal prediction-correction method to obtain equilibrium decisions. Extensive numerical studies are conducted using a pork supply chain network to analyze the implications of blockchain integration for different supply chain participants.FindingsThe results reveal several key insights: First, suppliers’ increased blockchain integration, driven by higher quality trust preference, can negatively affect their profits, particularly, with excessive trust preferences and high blockchain costs. Second, an increase in consumers’ preference for quality trust expands the range of unit operating costs for retailers engaging in blockchain. Finally, the supplier–retailer partnership drives retailer blockchain participation, facilitating enhanced information sharing to benefit the entire supply chain.Originality/valueThis study provides original insights into blockchain integration strategies in an agricultural supply chain through the application of the supply chain network equilibrium model. The investigation of several key factors on equilibrium decisions provides important managerial implications for different supply chain participants to address consumers’ preference for quality trust and enhance overall supply chain performance.
Cospeciation is not the dominant driver of plant–pollinator codiversification in specialized pollination systems
Authors: TAENGON Channongxouang , FENG Ying , ZHANG Yuanye , ALUTHWATTHA Sasith Tharanga , CHEN Jin , WANG Gang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study systematically rejects the long‐standing notion of cospeciation as the dominant driver of codiversification between flowering plants and their specialist pollinators. Through cophylogenetic analysis of six classical specialized pollination systems, the research finds that cospeciation events are consistently outnumbered by non‐cospeciation events, such as host‐switch, duplication, and association losses. The findings support a more dynamic and diffuse codiversification paradigm, highlighting the importance of considering a broader range of evolutionary events in understanding plant–pollinator codiversification. This new understanding is robust across diverse pollination systems and has significant implications for conservation strategies in the face of environmental change.
Cognitive symptoms in veterans with migraine or traumatic brain injury: A Million Veteran Program study
Authors: Herbert Matthew S. , Merritt Victoria C. , Afari Niloofar ,   Million Veteran Program, Gasperi Marianna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the spectrum and severity of cognitive symptoms in veterans with migraine, traumatic brain injury (TBI), or both; and to evaluate the extent to which psychiatric conditions contribute to the relationship of migraine and TBI with cognitive symptoms.BackgroundMigraine contributes significantly to global disability, with veterans facing additional burdens due to high comorbidity of TBI and psychiatric conditions. Understanding the intersection of these conditions is crucial for improving veterans’ health‐care outcomes.MethodsThis observational study used self‐reported data from 338,217 veterans enrolled in the Million Veteran Program (MVP) to assess cognitive symptoms using the Medical Outcomes Study Cognitive Functioning Scale Revised (MOS‐Cog‐R) and psychiatric conditions in veterans with migraine only, TBI only, both, or neither.ResultsOf the participants, 30,080/338,217 (8.9%) veterans reported migraine, 31,906/338,217 (9.4%) reported TBI, and 7828/338,217 (2.3%) reported both migraine and TBI. Veterans with only migraine or only TBI reported similar levels of cognitive symptoms (M = 74.19, standard deviation [SD] = 25.18; M = 73.87, SD = 24.98, respectively), which were substantially higher than veterans without these conditions (M = 62.52, SD = 27.90). Veterans with both conditions reported the most cognitive symptoms (M = 83.01, SD = 22.13) and psychiatric conditions (depression = 5041/7828 [64.4%], anxiety = 3735/7828 [47.7%], post‐traumatic stress disorder = 4243/7828 [54.2%]). The association of migraine and TBI with cognitive symptoms persisted beyond the influence of psychiatric conditions (B = −2.20, standard error = −0.36, p < 0.001).ConclusionVeterans with migraine reported cognitive challenges analogous to veterans with TBI, indicating a need for careful attention to cognitive symptoms in veterans with migraine. Further, the associations of migraine and TBI with cognitive symptoms in veterans were not explained by psychiatric conditions. These findings encourage future research to elucidate the association between self‐reported and objective cognitive symptoms and to identify factors, including environmental exposure and genetic influences, contributing to cognitive impairment to optimize the assessment and treatment of veterans with migraine.
Ablation behavior and mechanisms of Cf/(CrZrHfNbTa)C‒SiC high‐entropy composite at temperatures up to 2450°C
Authors: Hu Yang , Ni Dewei , Chen Bowen , Cai Feiyan , Zou Xuegang , Zhang Fan , Ding Yusheng , Zhang Xiangyu , Dong Shaoming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe oxide layer formed by ultra‐high melt point oxides (ZrO2, HfO2) and SiO2 glassy melt is the key to the application of traditional thermal structural materials in extremely high‐temperature environment. However, the negative effect of ZrO2 and HfO2 phase transitions on the stability of oxide layer and rapid volatilization of low viscosity SiO2 melt limit its application in aerospace. In this study, the ablation behavior of Cf/(CrZrHfNbTa)C‒SiC high‐entropy composite was explored systematically via an air plasma ablation test, under a heat flux of 5 MW/m2 at temperatures up to 2450°C. The composite presents an outstanding ablation resistance, with linear and mass ablation rates of 0.9 µm/s and 1.82 mg/s, respectively. This impressive ablation resistance is attributed to the highly stable oxide protective layer formed in situ on the ablation surface, which comprises a solid skeleton of (Zr, Hf)6(Nb, Ta)2O17 combined with spherical particles and SiO2 glassy melt. The irregular particles provide a solid skeleton in the oxides protective layer, which increased stability of the oxide layer. Moreover, the spherical particles have a crystal structure similar to that of Ta2O5 and are uniformly distributed in SiO2 glassy melt, which hinder the flow of SiO2 glassy melt and enhance its viscosity to a certain degree. And it reduces the volatilization of SiO2. In summary, the stable oxide layer was formed by irregular particles oxide and the SiO2 glassy melt with certain viscosity, thereby resulting in the impressive ablation resistance of the composite. This study fills a gap in ablation research on the (CrZrHfNbTa)C system.
Risks in the design of regional hydrogen hub systems: A review and commentary
Authors: Karplus Valerie J. , Iacob Ioana , Moore Emily J. , Morgan M. Granger 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEarly investments in regional hydrogen systems carry two distinct types of risk: (1) economic risk that projects will not be financially viable, resulting in stranded capital, and (2) environmental risk that projects will not deliver deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and through leaks, perhaps even contribute to climate change. This article systematically reviews the literature and performs analysis to describe both types of risk in the context of recent efforts in the United States and worldwide to support the development of “hydrogen hubs” or regional systems of hydrogen production and use. We review estimates of hydrogen production costs and projections of how future costs are likely to change over time for different production routes, environmental impacts related to hydrogen and methane leaks, and the availability and effectiveness of carbon capture and sequestration. Finally, we consider system‐wide risks associated with evolving regional industrial structures, including job displacement and underinvestment in shared components, such as refueling. We conclude by suggesting a set of design principles that should be applied in developing early hydrogen hubs if they are to be a successful step toward creating a decarbonized energy system.
Does the Use of Gastric‐Acid Suppressants Increase the Risk of Peritonitis in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis? A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yao Lili , Ni Linfeng , Wu Xu 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTGastric‐acid suppressants (GASs) are commonly prescribed to patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis for various gastrointestinal disorders. However, long‐term GAS use has been linked with the risk of enteric peritonitis in this patient population. To assess the association between the enteric peritonitis risk and GAS use in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis for end‐stage renal disease, we conducted a systematic search for relevant articles published until December 2023 in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. We included 11 articles on the association between GAS use and enteric peritonitis risk in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. We calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using fixed and random‐effects models to obtain overall effect estimates. We also explored potential sources of heterogeneity through subgroup analyses. We qualitatively analyzed data from 11 studies (n = 1993 participants), out of which, nine studies were included in meta‐analysis. The overall results revealed a significant association between the enteric peritonitis risk and the use of GASs (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.26–2.05; p < 0.00001). The analysis of study design subgroups showed a significant association in retrospective cohort studies (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.42–2.03; p < 0.00001) but not in case–control studies. Histamine‐2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) use was significantly associated with enteric peritonitis (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.05–2.11, p = 0.03), whereas proton pump inhibitor use was not (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.72–1.77, p = 0.28). Our findings suggest a significant association between the development of enteric peritonitis and GAS use in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. However, the observed heterogeneity in study characteristics warrants caution in interpreting the results.
Design and Implementation of an Experimental Test Bench for the Study of Active Flow Control in Scale Wind Turbines
Authors: Franco Jesus Alejandro , Salinas-Anaya Gael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Advances in wind turbine technology are critical in the global renewable energy landscape. The continuous growth of wind turbine capacities has presented various challenges for flow and power control strategies. Developing novel smart systems capable of monitoring and controlling loads and power is required for optimal operation in modern wind generation systems. Several methods have been proposed, but the experimental validation contains complications like operation costs, size, and time required to fabricate a fully scaled wind turbine prototype. Concerning this, the implementation of reduced-scaled wind turbine test benches offers an alternative to validate new flow control strategies for optimizing the efficiency of wind turbines.
This paper presents designing and implementing a wind turbine test bench for active flow control systems in small-scale wind turbines. The system includes a multi-degree mounting system, a dynamic torque sensor, a PMG (Permanent Magnet Generator), and a configurable hub for different wind rotor designs. The process design includes a FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis to evaluate the different configurations of the proposal system. As a result, the design and implementation of the overall functional structure, dynamic sensors, and complementary elements are presented. Finally, an approach of the scaling methodology is revealed based on the mathematical criteria of similarity conditions between a lab-scale wind turbine model and a reference prototype, providing helpful information to optimize wind turbine performance. It contributes to developing more efficient and reliable wind energy control solutions.
Configuration of a Heat Transfer Design Verification Test System Using Airfoil Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Kim Keekeun , Suh Junwon , Kim Dongwha , Kwon Youngmin , Moon Kwanho , Ryu Gyongwon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the process of designing novel high-pressure turbine components, temperature emerges as a pivotal factor, given its profound impact on material stress thresholds and operational life. Hence, it is imperative not only to derive efficient cooling designs but also to establish methods for their effective and reliable validation. In this study, we employed an additive manufacturing (AM) method to fabricate turbine blades and vane specimens that closely resemble the shape of actual components, intended for surface temperature measurements. Additionally, we established a high-temperature test rig equipped with three types of pyrometers for simultaneous acquisition of cooling airfoils surface temperature data. For the AM test specimens, we built channels in both the pressure and suction sides, allowing for the insertion of thermocouples with a 0.8mm diameter from the cooling air supply to the airfoil surface. For the test rig, we configured an annular flow path to accommodate multiple cooling airfoil specimens and established a bypass system capable of supplying high-temperature gas at a flow rate of 3kg/s by combusting liquid fuel. Through these experiments, we were able to compare errors based on measurement methods and obtain data for selecting sensors suitable for observations under different test conditions.
Performance Improvement of a Heat Sink for Battery Thermal Management System
Authors: Rasimarzabadi Faezeh , Azarkish Hassan , Crain Alexander , Recoskie Steven , Bordatchev Evgueni , Shirazy Mahmood 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Dissipating heat generated by onboard battery systems is a key thermal management challenge for hybrid/electric aircraft. The National Research Council Canada is collaborating with Calogy Solutions, Ltd. (Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada) to support their development of a novel aviation battery module. The goal of the project is to optimize the heat sink design for battery thermal management system by minimizing thermal resistance as well as reducing overall weight, considering fabrication cost to be used by the industry.
In this research, the original heat sink used by Calogy (plate-fin type) was numerically simulated using commercial software and the results were compared with the experiment. This was done to validate the numerical simulation was accurate enough to be used for future simulations. The heat transfer of the heat sink was enhanced by optimizing fin dimensions and spacing, and fin design modification (a first in this application), based on system analysis of a kW scale hybrid/electric aircraft.
The selected model as the optimized heat sink resulted in about 34% improvement in heat transfer coefficient, and about 24% reduction in weight comparing with the original plate-fin type heat sink.
Impact of Lean on Aerodynamic Performance of a Turbine Rear Structure
Authors: Deshpande Srikanth , Ricchi Mattia , Larsson Jonas , Vikhorev Valentin , Chernoray Valery 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Jet engine components typically have constraints from multiple disciplines that impact their design. One such component is the Turbine Rear Structure (TRS), situated aft of the Low-Pressure Turbine (LPT) in a jet engine. Due to constraints, some TRSs have vanes with large lean angles up to 30 degrees, with the pressure side leaning towards the hub. Both experimental and numerical studies are conducted to evaluate the impact of large lean angles on the aerodynamics of a TRS. The test facility provides engine-realistic Reynolds numbers and inlet swirl profiles for a TRS. The instrumentation and experimental methods employed in the rig are presented. The experimental results provide valuable data for validating numerical methods used in industry. The validation efforts revealed that today’s numerical methods can effectively predict most of the physical phenomena observed in the measurements with leaned vanes. Following a comprehensive validation of the numerical methods, a study was initiated to understand the aerodynamic distinctions between a radial vane design and a leaned vane design operating under the same flow conditions. A radial vane design was created by eliminating the lean angle from a leaned vane design without applying any further changes to other parameters. This modification resulted in a static pressure decrease on the pressure side at the hub. Additionally, comparing leaned vanes and radial vanes, the results show that the vortices tend to migrate locally and hence loss redistribution occurs near the hub.
Data-Driven Aerodynamic Optimization of a 15-Stage Compressor With Tandem Outlet Guide Vanes
Authors: Liu Yijie , Chen Jiang , Liu Yi , Xiang Hang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The aerodynamic design and performance improvement of compressors in gas turbine development, especially in multistage axial flow compressors with numerous design parameters, pose challenges relying on manual design experience. To address computational inefficiency in aerodynamic optimization of multistage turbomachinery, an aerodynamic optimization platform is developed based on the Direct Free-Form Deformation (DFFD) method. This method, offering full-geometry three-dimensional parameterization with arbitrary degrees of freedom, conducts direct manipulation of control vertex displacement, generating smooth shapes, reducing control variables, and achieving dimensionality reduction. The optimization framework combines the DFFD method with a Pre-screen data-driven single-objective optimization algorithm using differential evolution and a hybrid surrogate model. Introducing machine learning techniques significantly reduces Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, enhancing iteration efficiency. Applied to a 15-stage gas turbine compressor, the platform resulted in a 0.37 percentage points efficiency improvement, reducing parameterized variables to 32. Utilizing isentropic efficiency as the pre-screening criterion with a population size of 200 and 560 true evaluations, the entire optimization process took 79.2 hours. This data-driven aerodynamic optimization platform demonstrates efficiency and stability in three-dimensional rapid parameterized optimization for highly loaded multi-stage compressors, presenting a novel approach for such optimization challenges.
Real-Time Jet Engine Performance Analysis System With Compressor Surge and Turbine Choked Flow Detection Functions
Authors: Nguyen Huy Hoang , Vu Xuan Hung , Pham Tuan Anh , Bui Van Son , Trinh Thanh Nam , Ngo Ngoc Vinh , Nguyen Viet Linh , Nguyen Thanh Duong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces an analysis system for the performance and thermodynamics characteristics of a jet engine in real-time. Parameters such as air mass flowrate, fuel to air ratio, temperature before turbine are calculated continuosly in real-time. Basis functions of the program are calculations of isentropic exponent and specific heat coefficients according to air temperature and fuel to air ratio. Energy conservation calculation process and shaft power balance calculation process are the keys to determine all thermodynamics parameters. These processes ensure that analysis results are consistent, precise and reliable. Engine performance charts such as Combustion efficiency, Compressor efficiency, Turbine efficiency, Thermal cycle, Compressor map, Turbine map, Brayton cycle are presented instantaneously while the engine runs. Based on these real-time parameters and charts, compressor surge detection and turbine choked flow detection functions are developed. Compressor surge is detected by the oscilation of air mass flowrate. Turbine choked flow is detected by a sideways or downward movement of turbine mass flowrate reduced when turbine pressure ratio increases. The system has been applied to analyse data from several axial compressor turbojet engine prototypes and it is capable of running online while the engine operates and offline to analyze test data from a text file. A summary report on thermodynamics and performance of the engine can be created after the end of the test. This report can help analyze the performance of each component in the engine at different operating points to detect abnormalities, or help improve engine efficiency.
Dynamic Response of a Pivot-Mounted Squeeze Film Damper: Measurements and Predictions
Authors: Kasprzyk Marie , Delgado Adolfo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Squeeze film dampers (SFDs) are widely used to reduce vibration levels in rotating equipment. These devices are installed in series with bearings and are subjected to precessional motions with the inner and outer damper surfaces remaining parallel. Alternatively, this paper evaluates the dynamic performance of a damper describing angular motions.
This paper includes the design and development of a test rig, and the experimental dynamic response of the pivot-mounted journal benchmarked with a predictive finite element code. The experimental setup uses a housing with two different radial clearances — 3 mils (76.2 μm) for the lower land and 12 mils (304.8 μm) for the upper land — which is open to atmosphere. This work also includes developing a pivot-mounted SFD computer code, capable of predicting the dynamic performance of unpressurized 2π and segmented dampers. The numerical tool can predict the dynamic performance of a damper that has multiple land diameters with different clearances. The experimental results identify stiffness, damping, and added mass for both the SFD and its structure, showing a close correlation with the numerical calculations using three different fluid viscosities.