bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O–S Bond Activation in Structures Isoelectronic with Ferric Peroxide Species Known in O–O‐Activating Enzymes: Relevance for Sulfide Activation and Sulfite Reductases
Authors: Surducan Mihai , Makarov Sergei V. , Silaghi‐Dumitrescu Radu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe interactions of H2S with FeIVO porphyrin radical‐cation structures and of peroxide‐like H2OS systems with ferric heme have been investigated by DFT. The data are relevant for the formation of sulfheme in globins and for the catalytic cycle of sulfite reductases. Heme FeOS systems (and their protonated versions) feature relatively accessible potential energy surfaces for O–S bond formation and cleavage, and for the insertion of S at the meso position of the heme; O–S bond cleavage is thermodynamically favorable only in diprotonated versions of the FeOS unit, FeIVO + H2S, or the ferric–HOSH isomer. The insertion at the meso position is reminiscent of heme oxygenase meso‐hydroxylation via a ferric–hydroperoxo intermediate. Although axial imidazole and methylthiolate yield similar reaction profiles in all themodels studied, the FeIVO + H2S reaction is another case of our previously advocated “thiolate obstruction”, in which thiolate hinders rather than favors reactions at the heme center.
Changes occurring in the volatile composition of Greek virgin olive oils during storage: Oil variety influences stability
Authors: Kotsiou Kali , Tasioula‐Margari Maria 
Published: October 2014

The present paper reports on the changes in the volatile composition of virgin olive oils (VOO) stored for 18 months. VOO samples of five Greek olive varieties were stored in dark glass bottles (headspace 0.5%) in a basement without central heating. Even after 18 months of storage, the basic quality characteristics of the samples, such as free acidity, K232, K270, and peroxide values, did not exceed the upper limits set by European Community Regulations for VOO. Regarding the lipoxygenase pathway products, responsible for the positive sensory notes, it was shown that their total amount remained stable during the storage period. Even though the physicochemical characteristics did not exceed the upper limits, high rates of formation of volatile oxidation products, which are responsible for the off‐flavors, were observed. Among the volatile oxidation products, the highest rates of formation were monitored for heptanal, 2‐heptenal, and pentanal followed by hexanal and nonanal. The formation rate of volatile oxidation products was higher in VOO from Lianolia and Asprolia compared to VOO from Koroneiki, Native from Zakynthos and Thiaki varieties. Finally, stepwise linear regression analysis (SLRA) selected linoleic acid and total phenol/ortho‐diphenols ratio as having the maximum correlation with the formation rate of 2‐heptenal.Practical applications: This research reports on the changes in the quality characteristics of VOO, stored for 18 months, of the main olive varieties cultivated in the western Greece. Furthermore, it provides information on the changes in volatile composition, which is responsible for positive and negative flavor attributes. Results from this study may contribute to a better understanding of the relationships between minor and/or major components and the autoxidation process. Moreover, results could be useful to VOO packagers and marketers in order to estimate the shelf‐life of individual varieties. VOO from Koroneiki, Native from Zakynthos and Thiaki varieties, which are characterized by low linoleic acid contents, can be preserved for a longer period compared to VOO from Lianolia and Asprolia varieties, which are characterized by high linoleic acid contents.During storage of virgin olive oil (VOO) for 18 months, lipoxygenase pathway products, responsible for the positive sensory notes, remained stable. Among the volatile oxidation products, the highest rates of formation were monitored for heptanal, 2‐heptenal, and pentanal, followed by hexanal and nonanal. 2‐heptenal was correlated with VOO unsaturation and has been suggested as oxidation marker during storage.
Changes of the lipid fraction during fruit development in hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) grown in Poland
Authors: Ciemniewska‐Żytkiewicz Hanna , Pasini Federica , Verardo Vito , Bryś Joanna , Koczoń Piotr , Caboni Maria Fiorenza 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDetailed changes in composition of fatty acids, as well as alterations in the content of triacylglycerols and tocopherols during the maturation of Kataloński hazelnuts grown in Jankowice, Poland were studied. Samples with different maturity levels were collected at weekly intervals between August and September 2013. Nineteen different fatty acids were identified. The amount of oleic acid (n9) was the greatest in all samples, the amount of linoleic acid (n6) acid was second greatest, while the amount of palmitic acid was third greatest in all samples, except during the very first stage of maturation. A decreasing trend in the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was observed from early developed to completely maturated hazelnuts (from 30.09 to 10.28 g 100 g−1 of oil). On the other hand, the amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in hazelnuts increased from early to harvest stage (from 22.03 to 79.17 g 100 g−1 of oil). Linoleic acid and oleic acid were the most abundant fatty acids located in sn‐2 position of triacylglycerols. Different distributions of both acids were reported during maturation. Oleic acid reported a constant distribution in an internal position, whereas linoleic acid content in sn‐2 position increased during maturation. Finally, the tocopherol content increased from early to harvest stage and the amount of α‐tocopherol was observed to be the highest among tocols.Practical applications: The composition of hazelnuts changes during maturation. Harvest timing has a strong effect on both oil yield and quality factors, such as fatty acid composition and tocopherol content. The distinguishing features mentioned have a significant impact on the hazelnut's final oxidative stability, which is an important parameter from the grower's and distributor's practical perspective. The results obtained may be applied to the specific set up of harvesting time, when the nuts contain the highest amount of desired fatty acid. At the beginning of the maturation period, hazelnut kernels are an abundant source of both MUFA and PUFA (especially essential ones) and can be perceived as beneficial additive compounds to be applied in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.The composition of the hazelnuts' lipid fraction changes during maturation. This includes the tocopherol content, fatty acid composition and fatty acid distribution in TAG molecules. Upon the ripening of hazelnuts, the content of monounsaturated fatty acids was increased, the content of saturated fatty acids was constant and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The α‐tocopherol concentration increased during the kernel growing season, while the content of γ‐ and β‐homologues decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Additionally, highly significant positive correlations were found between the amount of α‐tocopherol and oleic acid and between the amount of γ‐tocopherol and linoleic acid.
Synthetic Strategies for the Synthesis and Transformation of Substituted Pyrrolinones as Advanced Intermediates for Rhazinilam Analogues
Authors: Kholod Inga , Vallat Olivier , Buciumas Ana‐Maria , Neels Antonia , Neier Reinhard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe biaryl core structure of rhazinilam with its fixed dihedral angle is a pivotal element for its unique in vitro cytotoxic activity. Most of the related natural products are oxidized versions of rhazinilam. Replacing the sensitive pyrrole ring by a pyrrolinone ring is the basis of our initial strategy towards rhazinilam analogues. With this goal, variants of the sequence crossed Mukaiyama aldol reaction followed by the Staudinger reaction were studied. Reacting a suitably substituted acetophenone withO‐methylO‐trimethylsilyl ketene acetal gave pyrrolinones8aand8bin good to excellent yields. These intermediates could be transformed in four high‐yielding steps into the pyrrolic precursors7a–ccontaining all the atoms necessary for the construction of rings A, B, and C of rhazinilam. Our studies illustrate a lack of stability of these intermediates. Alternative synthetic approaches towards this central biaryl core structure are described.
EphB4 Forward‐Signaling Regulates Cardiac Progenitor Development in Mouse ES Cells
Authors: Chen Kang , Bai Hao , Liu Yanfeng , Hoyle Dixie L. , Shen Wei‐Feng , Wu Li‐Qun , Wang Zack Z. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTEph receptor (Eph)‐ephrin signaling plays an important role in organ development and tissue regeneration. Bidirectional signaling of EphB4–ephrinB2 regulates cardiovascular development. To assess the role of EphB4–ephrinB2 signaling in cardiac lineage development, we utilized two GFP reporter systems in embryonic stem (ES) cells, in which the GFP transgenes were expressed in Nkx2.5+ cardiac progenitor cells and in α‐MHC+ cardiomyocytes, respectively. We found that both EphB4 and ephrinB2 were expressed in Nkx2.5‐GFP+ cardiac progenitor cells, but not in α‐MHC‐GFP+ cardiomyocytes during cardiac lineage differentiation of ES cells. An antagonist of EphB4, TNYL‐RAW peptides, that block the binding of EphB4 and ephrinB2, impaired cardiac lineage development in ES cells. Inhibition of EphB4–ephrinB2 signaling at different time points during ES cell differentiation demonstrated that the interaction of EphB4 and ephrinB2 was required for the early stage of cardiac lineage development. Forced expression of human full‐length EphB4 or intracellular domain‐truncated EphB4 in EphB4‐null ES cells was established to investigate the role of EphB4‐forward signaling in ES cells. Interestingly, while full‐length EphB4 was able to restore the cardiac lineage development in EphB4‐null ES cells, the truncated EphB4 that lacks the intracellular domain of tyrosine kinase and PDZ motif failed to rescue the defect of cardiomyocyte development, suggesting that EphB4 intracellular domain is essential for the development of cardiomyocytes. Our study provides evidence that receptor‐kinase‐dependent EphB4‐forward signaling plays a crucial role in the development of cardiac progenitor cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 467–475, 2015. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epigenetic Modifications, Chromatin Distribution and TP53 Transcription in a Model of Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Santos Gilson C. , da Silva Ana P. A. , Feldman Lucas , Ventura Grasiella M. , Vassetzky Yegor , de Moura Gallo Claudia V. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIn the present paper we aimed to characterize epigenetic aspects and analyze TP53 transcription in the 21 T series, composed of breast cell lines: non‐cancerous H16N2; Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia 21PT; Ductal Carcinoma in situ 21NT and Invasive Metastatic Carcinoma 21MT1. We detected a global genomic hypomethylation in 21NT and 21MT1. The histone modification markers analysis showed an important global decrease of the active chromatin mark H4Ac in 21MT1 relative to the other cell lines while the repressive mark H3K9Me3 were not significantly altered. The mRNA levels of DNA methylation and histone modification key enzymes are consistent with the observed genomic hypomethylation and histone hypoacetylation. The expression of DNMT3A/B increased at the initial stages of oncogenesis and the expression of DNMT1 and HAT1 decreased at the advanced stages of breast cancer. Using a confocal immunofluorescent assay, we observed that H4Ac was mostly located at the periphery and the repressive mark H3K9Me3, at the center of 21NT and 21MT1 cells nuclei. TP53 P1 promoter was found to be in an open chromatin state, with a relatively high enrichment of H4Ac and similar TP53 transcription levels in all 21 T cell lines. In conclusion, we observed epigenetic alterations (global genome hypomethylation, global hypoacetylation and accumulation of pericentric heterochromatin) in metastatic breast cancer cells of the 21 T series. These alterations may act at later stages of breast cancer progression and may not affect TP53 transcription at the P1 promoter. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 533–541, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Down‐Regulated Long Non‐Coding RNA MEG3 and its Effect on Promoting Apoptosis and Suppressing Migration of Trophoblast Cells
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Zou Yanfen , Wang Wenqi , Zuo Qing , Jiang Ziyan , Sun Ming , De Wei , Sun Lizhou 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTPreeclampsia is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria twenty weeks into pregnancy. Failure of uterine spiral artery remodeling contributes to preeclampsia's development. The development might be associated with trophoblast cells functioning abnormally. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in many diseases. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), one of these lncRNAs, might function as a tumor suppressor. Aberrant expression of MEG3 induces prenatal death, and little is known of MEG3's role in preeclampsia. This study aims to identify the role of lncRNA MEG3 on apoptosis and the migration of human trophoblast cells, and to investigate the involvement of lncRNA MEG3 in pathogenic mechanisms underlying preeclampsia. In this study, we found MEG3 levels were down‐regulated by approximately 80% in placental samples collected from preeclamptic patients (n = 30) compared to samples collected from normotensive patients (n = 30) by qRT‐PCR analysis. By designing RNA interference species to suppress MEG3 and specific plasmids designed to over‐express MEG3, we explored the role of MEG3 on the functions of two trophoblast cell‐lines, HTR‐8/SVneo and JEG3 cells. Over‐expression of MEG3 reduced apoptosis and promoted migration of HTR‐8/SVneo and JEG3 cells. Furthermore, inhibition of endogenous MEG3 increased apoptosis and decreased migration of HTR‐8/SVneo and JEG3 cells. Additionally, lncRNA MEG3 influenced expression of NF‐κB, Caspase‐3, and Bax protein expressions in trophoblast cells. Our findings highlight that abnormal levels of lncRNA MEG3 might lead to aberrant conditions in HTR‐8/SVneo and JEG3 trophoblast cells, which might be associated with uterine spiral artery remodeling failure and its contribution to preeclampsia. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 542–550, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lower urinary tract function in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)
Authors: Tateno Fuyuki , Sakakibara Ryuji , Ogata Tsuyoshi , Kishi Masahiko , Tsuyusaki Yohei , Takahashi Osamu , Sugiyama Megumi , Tateno Akihiko 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectivesDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common degenerative cause of dementia, whereas lower urinary tract (LUT) function in DLB patients has not been fully delineated. We investigated LUT function in DLB by clinical‐urodynamic observations.MethodsWe examined 32 patients with DLB (23 men, 9 women; aged 59‐86 [mean, 75.9] years; disease duration, 0.2‐17 [3.3] years). All patients underwent an electromyography‐cystometry, and 21 patients underwent the sphincter motor unit potential analysis.ResultsNinety‐one percent of patients had LUT symptoms: nighttime frequency (>8 times), 84%, and urinary incontinence (>1 per week), 50%. Detrusor overactivity was revealed in 87.1%, whereas postvoid residual was minimal. Neurogenic changes were shown in 50%.ConclusionLUT dysfunction is a common feature in DLB, attributable not only to dementia and immobility, but also to central and peripheral types of somato‐autonomic dysfunction. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Inhibin alpha gene expression in human trophoblasts is regulated by interactions between TFAP2 and cAMP signaling pathways
Authors: Depoix Christophe L. , Debiève Frédéric , Hubinont Corinne 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYInhibin α (Inha) gene expression is regulated, in rat granulosa cells, via a cyclic 3′,5′‐adenosine monophosphate (AMP)‐response element (CRE) found in a region of the promoter that is homologous to the human INHA promoter. We previously found that during in vitro cytotrophoblast differentiation, human INHA gene expression was regulated by TFAP2A via association with an AP‐2 site located upstream of this CRE. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the human INHA gene was also regulated by cAMP in trophoblasts, and to investigate the possible crosstalk between TFAP2 and cAMP signaling pathways in the regulation of INHA gene expression. Treatment with cAMP or forskolin increased INHA mRNA expression by 7‐ and 2‐fold in primary cytotrophoblasts and choriocarcinoma‐derived BeWo cells, respectively. Treatment with the protein kinase A inhibitor H‐89 reduced forskolin‐induced luciferase activity by ∼40% in BeWo cells transfected with an INHA promoter‐driven luciferase reporter vector. TFAP2 overexpression increased basal luciferase activity, whereas the dominant repressor KCREB abolished it. Surprisingly, mutation of the CRE also eliminated the TFAP2‐induced transcription, although TFAP2 overexpression was still able to increase forskolin‐induced luciferase activity when the AP‐2 binding site, but not the CRE site, was mutated. Thus, INHA gene expression is upregulated by cAMP via CRE in human trophoblasts, and TFAP2 regulates this expression by interacting with CRE. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 81: 1009–1018, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mating decreases plasma levels of TGFβ1 and regulates myosalpinx expression of TGFβ1/TGFBR3 in the rat
Authors: Oróstica María L. , López John , Zuñiga Lidia M. , Utz Daniella , Díaz Patricia , Reuquen Patricia , Parada‐Bustamante Alexis , Cardenas Hugo , Orihuela Pedro A. 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYMating shuts down a 2‐methoxyestradiol (2ME)‐dependent, non‐genomic activity that is responsible for accelerating egg transport in the rat oviduct. The aims of this work were to investigate the role of TGFβ1 in this 2ME‐reduced activity and to determine the effect of mating on the expression and distribution of TGFβ1 and its receptor TGFBR3 in the rat oviduct. We determined the level of TGFβ1 in the plasma and oviductal fluid at 1, 3, or 6 hr during Day 1 of the oestrous cycle in unmated or mated animals. We then examined if 2ME accelerates oviductal egg transport in unmated rats that were previously treated with a neutralizing TGFβ1 antibody. The expression of Tgfb1 and Tgfbr3 mRNA and the level and distribution of TGFBR3 protein in the oviduct were also determined at these time points. Mating decreased TGFβ1 in the plasma, but not in the oviductal fluid, whereas antibody neutralization of circulating TGFβ1 did not prevent the effect of 2ME on egg transport. Mating decreased Tgfb1 and hastened the increase in TGFBR3 abundance in the myosalpinx. These results indicate that mating decreased circulating levels of TGFβ1 without shutting down the non‐genomic 2ME response that normally accelerates egg transport. Levels of Tgfb1 transcript and TGFBR3 protein, however, changed in the myosalpinx of mated rats, suggesting a role for mating‐associated factors in the autocrine and paracrine effects of TGFβ in the oviduct. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 81: 1053–1061, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence of urinary incontinence and its association with multimorbidity in women aged 50 years or older: A population‐based study
Authors: Reigota Renata B. , Pedro Adriana Orcesi , de Souza Santos Machado Vanessa , Costa‐Paiva Lúcia , Pinto‐Neto Aarão M. 
Published: October 2014

AimsTo evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors for urinary incontinence, as well as its association with multimorbidity among Brazilian women aged 50 or over.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of a cross‐sectional population‐based study including 622 women 50 years or older, conducted in the city of Campinas‐SP‐Brazil. The dependent variable was Urinary Incontinence (UI), defined as any complaint of urine loss. The independent variables were sociodemographic data, health‐related habits, self‐perception of health and functional capacity evaluation. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Chi‐square test and Poisson regression.ResultsThe mean age of the women was 64. UI was prevalent in 52.3% of these women: Mixed UI (26.6%), Urge UI (13.2%) and Stress UI (12.4%). Factors associated with a higher prevalence of UI were hypertension (OR 1.21, CI 1:01–1:47, P = 0.004), osteoarthritis (OR 1.24, CI 1:03–1:50, P = 0.022), physical activity ≥3 days/week (OR 1.21, CI 1:01–1:44, P = 0.039), BMI ≥ 25 at the time of the interview (OR 1.25, CI 1:04–1:49, P = 0.018), negative self‐perception of health (OR 1.23, CI 1:06–1:44 P = 0.007) and limitations in daily living activities (PR 1:56 CI 1:16–2:10, P = 0.004).ConclusionsThe prevalence of UI was high. Mixed incontinence was the most frequent type of UI. Many associated factors can be prevented or improved. Thus, health policies targeted at these combined factors could reduce their prevalence rate and possibly decrease the prevalence of UI. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:62–68, 2016. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Statistical analysis of relation between plasma methotrexate concentration and toxicity in high‐dose methotrexate therapy of childhood nonHodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Tsurusawa Masahito , Gosho Masahiko , Mori Tetsuya , Mitsui Tetsuo , Sunami Shosuke , Kobayashi Ryoji , Fukano Reiji , Tanaka Fumiko , Fujita Naoto , Inada Hiroko , Koh Katsuyoshi , Takimoto Tetsuya , Saito Akiko , Fujimoto Junichiro , Nakazawa Atsuko , Horibe Keizo ,   for the lymphoma committee of the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/lymphoma Study Group
Published: October 2014

BackgroundPlasma monitoring of Methotrexate (MTX) levels is a standard approach to predict MTX‐related toxicities in a high‐dose (HD) MTX monotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, it is uncertain whether plasma MTX levels can predict MTX‐related toxicity in the HDMTX plus additional chemotherapy for childhood B‐cell nonHodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL).ProceduresTo statistically analyze the relationship between MTX pharmacokinetic parameters and MTX‐related toxicities, we collected data from patients with delayed MTX elimination (≥1 µM at 48 hr and/or ≥0.5 µM at 72 hr) in the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group (JPLSG) BNHL 03 study. Blood MTX levels were measured at 24, 48, and 72 hr after 3 or 5 g/m2 HD‐MTX administration for 24 hr.ResultsThree hundred and four patients received 2–4 courses of the HDMTX plus additional chemotherapy, and delayed MTX elimination was observed in 165 courses of 127 patients. In those, nephrotoxicity was significantly correlated with plasma MTX levels for each patient (P = 0.03), and also for each course (P = 0.009), but no other toxicities were correlated. Another analysis according to HDMTX courses showed no significant correlation between the first high plasma MTX levels and subsequent MTX levels in later course. It also showed that incidence of liver and gastrointestinal toxicities was most frequent in the first HDMTX course, and then sharply decreased in later courses (P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur results suggest that plasma MTX level is not a reliable predictor for adverse events except for nephrotoxicity in multiple HDMTX therapy courses in childhood B‐NHL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:279–284. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.