bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Emerging Australian Date Palm Industry: Date Fruit Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds and Valuable Processing By‐Products
Authors: Sirisena Sameera , Ng Ken , Ajlouni Said 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDate palm is a popular and high‐revenue crop, and the consumption of date fruits is no longer limited to the Middle Eastern countries. Date fruit has gained interest due to its nutritional value and taste, and date seeds have recently been identified as sources of valuable bioactive ingredients. Australia has excellent agronomic conditions for cultivating date palm, and the value of this crop has been identified by the Australian government and private sectors. However, more work needs to be done to raise awareness of this industry among potential investors and researchers in order to develop a sustainable date palm industry in Australia. Several date varieties have been successfully grown at a small scale in Central and Southern Australia. Medjool and Barhee have been among the most recommended varieties due to their high market potential in domestic and international markets.Date seeds have also been recognized as a source of valuable functional ingredients including dietary fiber and natural antioxidants. Date seed extracts have shown very good bioactive properties potentially useful in treating some neurodegenerative diseases, and possibly cancer. The utilization of date seeds, which is an abundant by‐product of date processing, could improve profitability and financial security of this industry. This review discusses the emergence of the date fruit and seed industry in Australia and its associated benefits to farmers and consumers.
Enhancing Nutraceutical Performance Using Excipient Foods: Designing Food Structures and Compositions to Increase Bioavailability
Authors: McClements David Julian , Zou Liqiang , Zhang Ruojie , Salvia‐Trujillo Laura , Kumosani Taha , Xiao Hang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe oral bioavailability of many bioactives (pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, nutrients, and nutraceuticals) is limited because of physicochemical and physiological events that occur within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) after their ingestion. These events include: (i) restricted liberation from drugs, supplements, or foods; (ii) extensive metabolism or chemical transformation during passage through the GIT; (iii) low solubility in intestinal fluids; (iv) low permeation through the intestinal cell monolayer; and (v) efflux from epithelium cells. Bioactive bioavailability can often be improved by designing the composition and structure of food matrices to control their liberation, transformation, solubilization, transport, absorption, and efflux in the GIT. This article reviews the potential impact of food composition and structure on the oral bioavailability of bioactives, and then shows how this knowledge can be used to design excipient foods that can improve the bioavailability profile of bioactives. The bioactive may be incorporated within an excipient food or co‐ingested with an excipient food. The suitability of oil‐in‐water emulsions as excipient foods is highlighted. The utilization of excipient foods may provide a new strategy for improving the efficacy of nutraceuticals, supplements, and pharmaceuticals.
Agroforestry on an Active Volcanic Small Island in Indonesia: Prospering with Adversity
Authors: Rampengan Mercy Maggy Franky , Boedhihartono Agni Klintuni , Margules Chris , Sayer Jeffrey , Law Lisa , Gaillard Jean‐Christophe , Tien Ong Thi Ngan , Linh Tran Thi My 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper draws on the literature on agroforestry, disaster risk reduction, and livelihoods of people on small islands as it applies to a community prospering in conditions of adversity in Kinali village on Siau Island, Indonesia. Siau Island produces between one‐third and one‐half of all nutmeg and mace exported from Indonesia. The Kinali community has adopted strategies that enable it to prosper in spite of the risks of living on a small island with an active volcano. The paper charts the sociocultural dynamics of the village and examines how local coping mechanisms based on an agroforestry economy have assisted villagers in dealing with the multiple hazards and constraints arising from the biophysical characteristics of their island. The paper thus contributes to more informed responses to managing volcanic risk.
Testing the Assessment of New Radiation Oncology Technology and Treatments framework using the evaluation of post‐prostatectomy radiotherapy techniques
Authors: Duchesne Gillian M , Haworth Annette , Bone Eric , Carter Hannah , Ebert Martin A , Gagliardi Frank , Gibbs Adrian , Hornby Colin , Martin Andrew , Sidhom Mark , Wood Maree , Jackson Michael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionWe tested the ability of the Assessment of New Radiation Oncology Technology and Treatments framework to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) compared with 3‐dimensional radiation therapy (3DCRT) for post‐prostatectomy radiation therapy (PPRT) to support its timely health economic evaluation.MethodsTreatment plans produced using FROGG guidelines provided dosimetry parameters for both techniques at 64 Gy and 70 Gy and were also used to model early and late outcome probabilities. Clinical parameters were derived from early toxicity and quality of life patient data, systematic literature review and expert opinion. Dosimetry parameters were correlated with the measures of clinical efficacy and safety.ResultsData from two patient cohorts (29 and 27 respectively) were collected within the project timeframe, providing evidence for acute toxicity and quality of life, and dosimetric comparisons. Relative rates of tumour control probability (TCP) and normal tissue control probability (NTCP) modelling were readily derived from the planning exercise and demonstrated advantages in uncomplicated TCP for IMRT over 3DCRT, predominantly due to normal tissue sparing. The safety of IMRT delivery was demonstrated with TCP uncompromised by IMRT protocol violations, which achieved rectal sparing only by reducing minimum target dose and coverage.ConclusionSources of desk‐top and patient‐based evidence were successfully used to demonstrate potential improved clinical efficacy and safety of applying dose escalation using IMRT instead of 3DCRT in PPRT.
Development and preliminary evaluation of a genomewide single nucleotide polymorphisms resource generated by RAD‐seq for the small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis)
Authors: Zhang Bai‐Dong , Xue Dong‐Xiu , Wang Juan , Li Yu‐Long , Liu Bing‐Jian , Liu Jin‐Xian 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRecent advances in high‐throughput sequencing technologies have offered the possibility to generate genomewide sequence data to delineate previously unidentified genetic structure, obtain more accurate estimates of demographic parameters and to evaluate potential adaptive divergence. Here, we identified 27 556 single nucleotide polymorphisms for the small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) using restriction‐site‐associated DNA (RAD) sequencing of 24 individuals from two populations. Significant sources of genetic variation were identified, with an average nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.00105 ± 0.000425 across individuals, and long‐term effective population size was thus estimated to range between 26 172 and 261 716. According to the results, no differentiation between the two populations was detected based on the SNP data set of top quality score per contig or neutral loci. However, the two analysed populations were highly differentiated based on SNP data set of both top FST value per contig and the outlier SNPs. Moreover, local adaptation was highlighted by an FST‐based outlier tests implemented in LOSITAN and a total of 538 potentially locally selected SNPs were identified. blast2go annotation of contigs containing the outlier SNPs yielded hits for 37 (66%) of 56 significant blastx matches. Candidate genes for local adaptation constituted a wide array of biological functions, including cellular response to oxidative stress, actin filament binding, ion transmembrane transport and synapse assembly. The generated SNP resources in this study provided a valuable tool for future population genetics and genomics studies of L. polyactis.
Financial Stability and the Trans‐Pacific Partnership: Lessons from Chile and Malaysia
Authors: Ffrench‐Davis Ricardo , Gallagher Kevin P. , Lim Mah‐Hui , Soverel Katherine 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThere is growing recognition that nations may need to deploy cross‐border financial regulations to prevent and mitigate financial crises. Indeed, in December 2012 the International Monetary Fund (IMF) agreed on a new ‘institutional view’ that notes how the IMF will begin to recommend that nations deploy cross‐border financial regulations in the future. However, many nations have become party to global, regional and bilateral trade and investment treaties that may restrict their ability to deploy such regulations effectively. This article analyzes the cases of two countries currently in negotiation over a Trans‐Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP): Chile and Malaysia. This article examines the extent to which each nation has deployed cross‐border financial regulations in the past, and the extent to which they have negotiated the policy space for such regulations in its trade and investment treaties. Finally, this article analyzes the degree to which such measures would be permitted if the TPP's investment provisions looked like the model bilateral investment treaty of the USA. We find that, with some important exceptions, both countries have successfully deployed cross‐border financial regulations and have carved out the ability to do so under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and some regional commitments. However, such policy space would be jeopardized if the TPP conformed to the US model rather than arrangements that each country has been able to broker in other arenas.
hext, a software supporting tree‐based screens for hybrid taxa in multilocus data sets, and an evaluation of the homoplasy excess test
Authors: Schneider Kevin , Koblmüller Stephan , Sefc Kristina M. 
Published: October 2015

Summary

The homoplasy excess test (HET) is a tree‐based screen for hybrid taxa in multilocus nuclear phylogenies. Homoplasy between a hybrid taxon and the clades containing the parental taxa reduces bootstrap support in the tree. The HET is based on the expectation that excluding the hybrid taxon from the data set increases the bootstrap support for the parental clades, whereas excluding non‐hybrid taxa has little effect on statistical node support. To carry out a HET, bootstrap trees are calculated with taxon‐jackknife data sets, that is excluding one taxon (species, population) at a time. Excess increase in bootstrap support for certain nodes upon exclusion of a particular taxon indicates the hybrid (the excluded taxon) and its parents (the clades with increased support).

We introduce a new software program, hext, which generates the taxon‐jackknife data sets, runs the bootstrap tree calculations, and identifies excess bootstrap increases as outlier values in boxplot graphs. hext is written in r language and accepts binary data (0/1; e.g. AFLP) as well as co‐dominant SNP and genotype data.

We demonstrate the usefulness of hext in large SNP data sets containing putative hybrids and their parents. For instance, using published data of the genus Vitis (˜6,000 SNP loci), hext output supports V. × champinii as a hybrid between V. rupestris and V. mustangensis.

With simulated SNP and AFLP data sets, excess increases in bootstrap support were not always connected with the hybrid taxon (false positives), whereas the expected bootstrap signal failed to appear on several occasions (false negatives). Potential causes for both types of spurious results are discussed.

With both empirical and simulated data sets, the taxon‐jackknife output generated by hext provided additional signatures of hybrid taxa, including changes in tree topology across trees, consistent effects of exclusions of the hybrid and the parent taxa, and moderate (rather than excessive) increases in bootstrap support. hext significantly facilitates the taxon‐jackknife approach to hybrid taxon detection, even though the simple test for excess bootstrap increase may not reliably identify hybrid taxa in all applications.
Improved molecular diagnosis of the common recurrent intragenic deletion mutation in IKBKG in a Filipino family with incontinentia pigmenti
Authors: Guevara Bryan Edgar K , Hsu Chao‐Kai , Liu Lu , Feast Alice , Alabado Karen Lee P , Lacuesta Maricarr Pamela M , Lee Julia Yu‐Yun , McGrath John A 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIncontinentia pigmenti is a rare, multisystem X‐linked dominant genetic disorder caused by mutations in IKBKG, the encoding inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B‐cells. Almost 80% of all cases result from a recurrent intragenic deletion mutation that removes exon 4–10. At present, this mutation can be detected by a multi‐primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique although current protocols may preferentially amplify the wild‐type allele and miss the deletion. Here, we report a female infant with incontinentia pigmenti that also affected her mother and sister, and two spontaneously aborted male siblings. We developed a modified PCR amplification method that provides more robust detection of the exon 4–10 deletion mutation, which was demonstrated in all affected females in this pedigree.
The development of lung biochemical monitoring can play a key role in the early prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Fabiano Adele , Gavilanes Antonio W.D. , Zimmermann Luc J.I. , Kramer Boris W. , Paolillo Piermichele , Livolti Giovanni , Picone Simonetta , Bressan Katia , Gazzolo Diego 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimDespite advances in perinatal management, there is a flat trend in incidences of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. The main feature of BPD development in preterm infants is an imbalance between increased exposure to free radicals and inadequate antioxidant defences. We investigated the associations between BPD and lipid hydro‐peroxide (LOOH) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).MethodsIn this prospective study, BALF samples were collected from 44 preterm infants with RDS and oxidative stress markers were measured in 11 with BPD and 33 controls without BPD.ResultsLOOH levels were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the BPD group (median 16.35; 25th–75th centile 13.75–17.05 nmol/mL) than in the no BPD group (median 13.18; 25th–75th centile 12.92–13.63 nmol/mL). Conversely, GSH levels were significantly lower in the BPD group (p < 0.01) (median 11.52; 25th–75th centile 6.95–13.85 μmol/mg) than the no BPD group (median: 18.69; 25th–75th centile: 13.89–23.64 μmol/mg). Multiple regression analysis showed significant correlations between BPD and mechanical ventilation time (p < 0.01) and LOOH levels (p < 0.05).ConclusionEarly LOOH level increases in preterm infants developing BPD suggest that lung biochemical monitoring of sick infants might be possible and BPD could be predicted early by evaluating biomarkers.
Childhood trauma and suicide risk in the population living in Zonguldak Province
Authors: Saraçlı Özge , Atasoy Nuray , Şenormancı Ömer , Atik Levent , Açıkgöz Hasret Ozan , Doğan Veysel , Sankır Hasan , Köktürk Fürüzan , Örsel Sibel 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionNo previous study has investigated the association between early trauma and suicidal behavior in Zonguldak. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of childhood abuse and neglect in the general population living in Zonguldak province and the relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideations and attempts.MethodsThe present study was carried out with 897 people in the general population, as assessed in a representative sample from Zonguldak province. The cluster sampling method was used. After obtaining written consent from the people who agreed to participate in the study, the Socio‐demographic Information Form, Suicide Probability Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered.ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideations was 18.3% among those who experienced at least one type of early trauma, and it was 9.6% among those without a history of childhood trauma (P < 0.001). Only emotional abuse exhibited a significantly high odds ratio for lifetime suicidal ideations (odds ratio [OR] = 3.168, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.731–5.798) and attempts (OR = 3.467, 95% CI = 1.343–8.952). Emotional neglect showed a high odds ratio only for lifetime suicidal attempts (OR = 3.282, 95% CI = 1.287–8.371). There were significant correlations among the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Suicidal Probability Scale sub‐scores and all six Childhood Trauma Questionnaire scores.DiscussionEmotional abuse and neglect in childhood are significantly associated with lifetime suicidal ideations and attempts in the general population living in Zonguldak province. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the importance of the childhood trauma in the patients with suicidal ideations and attempts.
Chinese version of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire: Factor structure replication and invariance across sex
Authors: Yu Junhong , Bernardo Allan B.I. , Zaroff Charles M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) is a self‐report measure assessing symptoms of schizotypy. The SPQ has been used in both normative and clinical samples and has much theoretical and empirical support. A three‐factor structure of the SPQ, derived on the basis of work in schizophrenia, consisting of Cognitive‐Perceptual, Interpersonal, and Disorganized factors, has been well replicated. The present study aimed to (i) validate this three‐factor structure in the Chinese version of the SPQ in a sample of individuals of Chinese ethnicity, and (ii) test for invariance across sex.MethodsA total of 209 (99 males) undergraduate university students (Mage = 19.5, SD = 1.6) were administered the SPQ.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis indicated a better fit between the data and the three‐factor model compared with a one‐factor model. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis also found strong measurement invariance across sex.DiscussionThe current results add to a growing body of literature evidencing cross‐cultural validity of the SPQ and its invariance across sex. Research and clinical implications of the current results are discussed.
Making health care safer: What is the contribution of health psychology?
Authors: Vincent Charles , Wearden Alison , French David P. 
Published: October 2015

While health care brings great benefits, all treatments, and many investigations, carry some risk. As patients, we should be told of the risks of specific treatments but we are also at risk from failings in the health care system itself. We suggest that, while there are many examples of individual health psychologists who have made important contributions, this has not yet translated into a broader disciplinary engagement. Health psychologists have devoted much more attention to patients and devoted much less attention to the potentially huge impact of studying and intervening with staff, clinical practice, and organizations. We believe that there are considerable opportunities for health psychology to engage more closely with patient safety and, more importantly, that this would be of great benefit to both patients and staff.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

While health care brings great benefits, all treatments, and many investigations, carry some risk. Patients are also at risk from failings in the health care system itself.

Studies using review of medical records in many countries have found that between 8% and 12% of patients in hospital suffer an unintended harm due to health care.

What does this study add?

There are many examples of individual psychologists who have made important contributions, but this has not yet translated into a broader disciplinary engagement.

There are considerable opportunities for health psychology to engage more closely with patient safety. These include health behaviour change, teamwork, communication after medical error, diagnosis and decision making, organisational culture, and improving compliance with rules and standards.

Psychologists providing a clinical service to specialist services in any area could expand their remit from supporting patients to a more general support and engagement with safety and quality initiatives.

Health psychologists have models to understand the behaviour of people, and recent developments in changing behaviour should be applicable to health professionals in addition to their patients.
Evaluation of a novel automated allergy microarray platform compared with three other allergy test methods
Authors: Williams P , Önell A , Baldracchini F , Hui V , Jolles S , El-Shanawany T 
Published: October 2015

Summary
Microarray platforms, enabling simultaneous measurement of many allergens with a small serum sample, are potentially powerful tools in allergy diagnostics. We report here the first study comparing a fully automated microarray system, the Microtest allergy system, with a manual microarray platform, Immuno-Solid phase Allergen Chip (ISAC), and two well-established singleplex allergy tests, skin prick test (SPT) and ImmunoCAP, all tested on the same patients. One hundred and three adult allergic patients attending the allergy clinic were included into the study. All patients were tested with four allergy test methods (SPT, ImmunoCAP, Microtest and ISAC 112) and a total of 3485 pairwise test results were analysed and compared. The four methods showed comparable results with a positive/negative agreement of 81–88% for any pair of test methods compared, which is in line with data in the literature. The most prevalent allergens (cat, dog, mite, timothy, birch and peanut) and their individual allergen components revealed an agreement between methods with correlation coefficients between 0·73 and 0·95. All four methods revealed deviating individual patient results for a minority of patients. These results indicate that microarray platforms are efficient and useful tools to characterize the specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E profile of allergic patients using a small volume of serum sample. The results produced by the Microtest system were in agreement with diagnostic tests in current use. Further data collection and evaluation are needed for other populations, geographical regions and allergens.