bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religious Character Education: Students' Perspectives on Religion in Diversity
Authors: Siswantara Yusuf , Supriyadi Tedi 
Published: June 2024

Diversity is a gift that brings good but also a catastrophe that brings bad. Managing attitudes towards diversity is key. This research explores the younger generation's perception of their passion for faith. The goal is to formulate the perception of young integration as a determining factor in religious attitudes, seeing the implications for the education of religious character. To achieve this goal, this study uses a phenomenological qualitative methodological approach. Data collection is carried out by surveys and interviews. The results showed that (1) religious motivation is dominated by the family environment and affective dimensions; (2) the passion of religious life is still in ritual and spiritual circles; (3) perceptions and attitudes of tolerance in the pluralist paradigm become distinctive in the face of other religions. These findings have implications in the education of religious character, personal development of learners, moral and social values, public policy with dynamic system analysis. This study concludes three things: the affective dimension in the motivation of religious life; the centrality of prayer and rituals as focal points of faith; and the respondents’ pluralistic stance towards other religious traditions. Thus, this research underscores the critical need for religion-based character education that integrates both personal development and social responsibility. It highlights the relevance of religious values in navigating the complexities of contemporary global challenges. This research implies that religious character education should not be confined to strengthening personal values. It should additionally pave the way for comprehending and addressing global challenges through an inclusive religious perspective.
Shoulder muscle weakness and proprioceptive impairments in type 2 diabetes mellitus: exploring correlations for improved clinical management
Authors: Reddy Ravi Shankar , Alshahrani Mastour Saeed , ALMohiza Mohammad A. , Alkhamis Batool Abdulelah , Tedla Jaya Shanker , Kakaraparthi Venkata Nagaraj , Koura Ghada Mohamed , Mukherjee Debjani , Alnakhli Hani Hassan , Ghulam Hussain Saleh H. , Alqhtani Raee S. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder with systemic implications, potentially affecting musculoskeletal health. This study aimed to assess shoulder muscle strength and joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM, exploring potential correlations and shedding light on the musculoskeletal consequences of the condition. The objectives were two-fold: (1) to assess and compare shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy between individuals with T2DM and asymptomatic counterparts, and (2) to examine the correlation between shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM.

Methods
A cross-sectional study enrolled 172 participants using the convenience sampling method, including 86 individuals with T2DM and an age-matched asymptomatic group (n = 86). Shoulder strength was assessed using a handheld dynamometer, while joint repositioning accuracy was evaluated with an electronic digital inclinometer.

Results
Individuals with T2DM exhibited reduced shoulder muscle strength compared to asymptomatic individuals (p < 0.001). Additionally, joint repositioning accuracy was significantly lower in the T2DM group (p < 0.001). Negative correlations were observed between shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy in various directions (ranging from −0.29 to −0.46, p < 0.001), indicating that higher muscle strength was associated with improved joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM.

Conclusion
This study highlights the significant impact of T2DM on shoulder muscle strength and joint repositioning accuracy. Reduced strength and impaired accuracy are evident in individuals with T2DM, emphasizing the importance of addressing musculoskeletal aspects in diabetes management. The negative correlations suggest that enhancing shoulder muscle strength may lead to improved joint repositioning accuracy, potentially contributing to enhanced physical functioning in this population.
Foaming of Aluminum Alloys Derived From Scrap
Authors: Kumar G. S. Vinod , Heim Korbinian , Garcia‐Moreno Francisco , Banhart John , Kennedy Andrew R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAluminum alloys made from machining chips that have been heat treated and re‐melted, have been successfully foamed (after the addition of TiH2) using processes analogous to both the “Alporas” and “Formgrip” methods. The high oxygen contents associated with the swarf (0.11 wt% for the as‐received material, increasing to >0.5 wt% after conditioning) results in large fractions of both clustered and dispersed oxide films in the melt. It is these films that enhance the “foamability” of this material. Through additional alloying with Mg and holding in the liquid state to allow reaction to take place, fragmentation and wetting of the oxides occurs and foams with low densities (<0.3 g cm−3), good pore structures, and good stability were obtained. The use of scrap material, without costly or embrittling additives, offers a low cost route to the manufacture of high quality foams.
Solution‐Processible Carbazole Dendrimers as Host Materials for Highly Efficient Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Jiuyan , Zhang Ting , Liang Yunjing , Yang Ruixia 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA group of dendrimers with oligo‐carbazole dendrons appended at 4,4′‐ positions of biphenyl core are synthesized for use as host materials for solution‐processible phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PHOLEDs). In comparison with the traditional small molecular host 4,4′‐N,N′‐dicarbazolebiphenyl (CBP), the dendritic conformation affords these materials extra merits including amorphous nature with extremely high glass transition temperatures (ca. 376 °C) and solution‐processibility, but inherent the identical triplet energies (2.60–2.62 eV). In comparison with the widely‐used polymeric host polyvinylcarbazole (PVK), these dendrimers possess much higher HOMO levels (–5.61 to –5.42 eV) that facilitate efficient hole injection and are favorable for high power efficiency in OLEDs. The agreeable properties and the solution‐processibility of these dendrimers makes it possible to fabricate highly efficient PHOLEDs by spin coating with the dendimers as phosphorescent hosts. The green PHOLED containing Ir(ppy)3 (Hppy = 2‐phenyl‐pyridine) dopant exhibits high peak efficiencies of 38.71 cd A−1 and 15.69 lm W−1, which far exceed those of the control device with the PVK host (27.70 cd A−1 and 9.6 lm W−1) and are among the best results for solution‐processed green PHOLEDs ever reported. The versatility of these dendrimer hosts can be spread to orange PHOLEDs and high efficiencies of 32.22 cd A−1 and 20.23 lm W−1 are obtained, among the best ever reported for solution‐processed orange PHOLEDs.
Interstitial 3p25.3–p26.1 deletion in a patient with intellectual disability
Authors: Riess Angelika , Grasshoff Ute , Schäferhoff Karin , Bonin Michael , Riess Olaf , Horber Veronka , Tzschach Andreas 
Published: September 2012

AbstractInterstitial deletions of the short arm of chromosome 3 are rare. We report on a 3‐year‐old girl with intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia, strabismus, and facial anomalies in whom an interstitial 1.24 Mb deletion in 3p25.3–p26.1 was detected by SNP array analysis. The deleted region harbors 11 RefSeq genes including CAV3 and SRGAP3/MEGAP, which had been associated with muscle disorders and intellectual disability, respectively. The deletion overlaps with a slightly larger deletion in a girl with a more complex phenotype including congenital heart defect and epilepsy, which indicates that haploinsufficiency of one or several of the genes in the deleted interval causes intellectual deficits, but not heart defects or epilepsy. Thus, the patient broadens our knowledge of the phenotypic consequences of deletions in 3p25.3–p26.1 and facilitates genotype‐phenotype correlations for chromosome aberrations of this region. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Congenital heart disease in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Phenotype and genotype analysis
Authors: Chatfield Kathryn C. , Schrier Samantha A. , Li Jennifer , Clark Dinah , Kaur Maninder , Kline Antonie D. , Deardorff Matthew A. , Jackson Laird S. , Goldmuntz Elizabeth , Krantz Ian D. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) has been reported to occur in 14–70% of individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS, OMIM 122470) and accounts for significant morbidity and mortality when present. Charts from a cohort of 479 patients with CdLS were reviewed for cardiac evaluations, gene testing and information to determine phenotypic severity. Two hundred fifty‐nine individuals had either documented structural defects or minor cardiac findings. The presence of CHD was then quantified as a function of mutation status and severity of CdLS: mild, moderate, or severe. Different types of CHD were also evaluated by mutation status to assess for any genotype–phenotype correlation. NIPBL, SMC1A, and SMC3 mutation‐positive patients were equally likely to have CHD, although the number of SMC1A and SMC3 mutation‐positive patients were small in comparison. Structural CHDs were more likely to be present in individuals with moderate and severe CdLS than in the mild phenotype. This study evaluates the trends of CHD seen in the CdLS population and correlates these findings with genotype. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical expression in Pfeiffer syndrome type 2 and 3: Surveillance in Japan
Authors: Koga Hiroshi , Suga Naohiro , Nakamoto Takato , Tanaka Koichi , Takahashi Noboru 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPfeiffer syndrome (PS) is a classic type of craniosynostosis syndrome. Severe cases usually require emergency care at birth. However, early diagnosis is often precluded by the rarity and consequent low awareness of this disease. This study aimed to clarify phenotypic expressions useful for the diagnosis of PS. We reviewed all cases of PS type 2 or 3 according to Cohen's classification that were reported between 1980 and 2011 in Japan. Clinical and genetic information were extracted from the patients' medical records. A total of 23 patients with PS type 2 or 3 were identified. All 23 patients presented with craniosynostosis, midface hypoplasia, proptosis, broad thumbs, and wide great toes. FGFR2 mutations were confirmed in all 8 patients in whom genetic analyses were performed. In addition to classic symptoms, elbow ankylosis and sacrococcygeal defects were present in 70% and 30% of the patients, respectively. During an average follow‐up of 22 months, 22% of patients died before 1 year of age. Elbow ankylosis and sacrococcygeal defects were the phenotypic features recognizable at a glance. These defects strongly suggest the presence of PS in newborns with craniosynostosis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rebuilding Hope on Josina Machel Island: Towards a Culturally Mediated Model of Psychotherapeutic Intervention
Authors: Efraime Boia , Errante Antoinette 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTAided by the growing interest in the cultural dimensions of psychology, the experiences of psychologists working with communities under wartime duress and in the immediate post‐war context have forced us to re‐think our understanding of trauma and psychotherapeutic intervention. Recognizing the role of culture has allowed us to rethink trauma‐in‐context, how people and communities understand trauma, and how to explore the most effective psychotherapeutic treatments in these post‐war cultural contexts. Dawes and Honwana (Children, culture and mental health: Interventions in Conditions of War. In B. Efraime Jr, P. Riedesser, J. Walter, H. Adam, & P. Steudtner (Eds), Children, war and persecution – rebuilding hope. Maputo: Rebuilding Hope, 1998) suggest a holistic view of the individual‐in‐context in order to fully understand the meaning an individual brings and gives to a stressful experience. This perspective allows also for an understanding of the healing resources within a community available to the individual, and the psychologist, dealing with a traumatic event.By exploring both the universal and specific cultural dimensions of trauma, while working with former child soldiers on Josina Machel Island, Mozambique, the authors seek to illuminate how these cultural dimensions, and wealth of healing resources, shaped their understanding of culture in the treatment process and the creation of treatment teams. A comprehensive cultural understanding also allowed the author to use and integrate important cultural dimensions of understanding in to the treatment process to aid in the elaboration of traumatic events associated with being a child soldier. These treatment methods are described via a case example, which represents much of the work carried out with the community of Josina Machel. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stepwise genetic fuzzy logic signal control under mixed traffic conditions
Authors: Chiou Yu‐Chiun , Huang Yen‐Fei 
Published: September 2012

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a stepwise genetic fuzzy logic controller (SGFLC) by considering traffic flows and queue lengths of cars and motorcycles as state variables and extension of green time as control variable, towards the minimization of total vehicle delays. For the learning efficiency of SGFLC and the capability in capturing traffic behaviors of Asian urban streets, where mixed traffic of cars and motorcycles are prevailing, the mixed traffic cell transmission model (MCTM) is introduced to replicate traffic behaviors. To investigate the control performance of the proposed SGFLC model, comparisons with two pre‐timed timing plans and three adaptive signal timing models are conducted at an isolated intersection. Results show our proposed SGFLC model performs best. Moreover, as traffic flows vary more noticeably, the SGFLC model performs even better. In the experimental and field cases of three‐intersection arterial under four coordinated signal systems, namely simultaneous, progressive, alternate and independent, both cases consistently show that the proposed SGFLC model perform best, suggesting that the proposed SGFLC signal control model is efficient and robust. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate‐hydroxyapatite) a Novel Composite for the Removal of Lead(II) from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Akkaya Recep 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn the present study, a novel adsorbent, poly (2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate‐hydroxyapatite) [P(HEMA‐Hap)], was prepared and characterized. The synthesis was achieved by means of free‐radical polymerization and a number of structural characterization methods, including FT‐IR, XRD, TGA, SEM, BET‐porosity, and swelling tests. Pb2+ adsorption was performed using a series of pH, time, and temperature ranges. The reusability of the composite was also tested. The results obtained indicated that the novel adsorbent is able to bind Pb2+ ions with strong chemical affinity. The adsorption results were fitted to the classic Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) sorption models. Thermodynamic parameters obtained demonstrated that the sorption process was spontaneous (ΔG < 0), endothermic (ΔH > 0), as expected. The process was also consistent with the pseudo‐second‐order model, and chemical adsorption was determined to be the rate‐controlling step. It was also shown that the composite could be used for five consecutive adsorption processes.
Population‐based case‐control study of recreational drug use and testis cancer risk confirms an association between marijuana use and nonseminoma risk
Authors: Lacson John Charles A. , Carroll Joshua D. , Tuazon Ellenie , Castelao Esteban J. , Bernstein Leslie , Cortessis Victoria K. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) incidence increased steadily in recent decades, but causes remain elusive. Germ cell function may be influenced by cannabinoids, and 2 prior epidemiologic studies reported that the use of marijuana may be associated with nonseminomatous TGCT. Here, the authors evaluate the relation between TGCTs and exposure to marijuana and other recreational drugs using a population‐based case‐control study.METHODS:In total, 163 patients who were diagnosed with TGCT in Los Angeles County from December 1986 to April 1991 were enrolled, and 292 controls were matched on age, race/ethnicity, and neighborhood. Participants were asked about drug use by a structured, in‐person interview. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression analysis adjusted for history of cryptorchidism; education; religiosity; and reported use of marijuana, cocaine, and amyl nitrite.RESULTS:Compared with never use, ever use of marijuana had a 2‐fold increased risk (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.02‐3.68), whereas ever use of cocaine had a negative association with TGCT (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32‐0.91). Stratification on tumor histology revealed a specific association of marijuana use with nonseminoma and mixed histology tumors (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.08‐5.42).CONCLUSIONS:A specific association was observed between marijuana use and the risk of nonseminoma and mixed tumors. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a negative association between cocaine use and TGCT risk. The current results warrant mechanistic studies of marijuana's effect on the endocannabinoid system and TGCT risk and caution that recreational and therapeutic use of cannabinoids by young men may confer malignant potential to testicular germ cells. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Characterization of the hypothalamus of Xenopus laevis during development. I. The alar regions
Authors: Domínguez Laura , Morona Ruth , González Agustín , Moreno Nerea 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe patterns of expression of a set of conserved developmental regulatory transcription factors and neuronal markers were analyzed in the alar hypothalamus of Xenopus laevis throughout development. Combined immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques were used for the identification of subdivisions and their boundaries. The alar hypothalamus was located rostral to the diencephalon in the secondary prosencephalon and represents the rostral continuation of the alar territories of the diencephalon and brainstem, according to the prosomeric model. It is composed of the supraoptoparaventricular (dorsal) and the suprachiasmatic (ventral) regions, and limits dorsally with the preoptic region, caudally with the prethalamic eminence and the prethalamus, and ventrally with the basal hypothalamus. The supraoptoparaventricular area is defined by the orthopedia (Otp) expression and is subdivided into rostral and caudal portions, on the basis of the Nkx2.2 expression only in the rostral portion. This region is the source of many neuroendocrine cells, primarily located in the rostral subdivision. The suprachiasmatic region is characterized by Dll4/Isl1 expression, and was also subdivided into rostral and caudal portions, based on the expression of Nkx2.1/Nkx2.2 and Lhx1/7 exclusively in the rostral portion. Both alar regions are mainly connected with subpallial areas strongly implicated in the limbic system and show robust intrahypothalamic connections. Caudally, both regions project to brainstem centers and spinal cord. All these data support that in terms of topology, molecular specification, and connectivity the subdivisions of the anuran alar hypothalamus possess many features shared with their counterparts in amniotes, likely controlling similar reflexes, responses, and behaviors. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:725–759, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Treatment Response in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Major Depression
Authors: Gois C. , Dias V. V , Carmo I. , Duarte R. , Ferro A. , Santos A. L. , Sousa F. , Barbosa A. 
Published: September 2012

AimsMajor depression is more prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than in general population. Comparing psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatment responses could help to inform the choice between available treatment options.MethodThirty‐four patients with T2DM and major depression detected by using the Hospital Anxiety‐Depression Scale (HADS), the Montgomery‐Äsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and a structured interview (Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview) were randomized to undergo Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) or treatment with sertraline in a 3‐month acute intervention course in addition to a 3‐month continuation format. Provided that the initial MADRS score was not reduced ≥25% at week 6, these early non‐responding patients continued treatment in a sequential add‐on combined format. Psychological adjustment to diabetes, attachment style, diabetes self‐efficacy, quality of life and HbA1c were also evaluated along intervention.ResultsOut of 22 early‐responding patients (11 for each treatment type), 16 had clinically significant improvements (<50% initial MADRS score) at endpoint with 11 reaching remission (MADRS scores ≤8), and with no significant differences between IPT and sertraline. Within sequential add‐on treatment, out of eight patients, only three of them achieved a clinically significant improvement and only one reached remission.ConclusionsThese preliminary results suggested that IPT may be an option to treat major depression in T2DM against medical care with sertraline. Early non‐responding patients likely need alternative or longer treatment interventions. Limitations of this study relate to small sample and absence of a control group, which was difficult to implement due to ethical restrictions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Findings suggest that Interpersonal Psychotherapy is a useful tool to treat major depression in type 2 diabetes patients.
A significant number of type 2 diabetes patients with major depression do not achieve depression remission irrespective of the type of treatment.
Further clinical research should focus on addictive effects of psychotherapy and psychopharmacology in the treatment of depressed patients with chronic somatic diseases.
STEP Wastewater Treatment: A Solar Thermal Electrochemical Process for Pollutant Oxidation
Authors: Wang Baohui , Wu Hongjun , Zhang Guoxue , Licht Stuart 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA solar thermal electrochemical production (STEP) pathway was established to utilize solar energy to drive useful chemical processes. In this paper, we use experimental chemistry for efficient STEP wastewater treatment, and suggest a theory based on the decreasing stability of organic pollutants (hydrocarbon oxidation potentials) with increasing temperature. Exemplified by the solar thermal electrochemical oxidation of phenol, the fundamental model and experimental system components of this process outline a general method for the oxidation of environmentally stable organic pollutants into carbon dioxide, which is easily removed. Using thermodynamic calculations we show a sharply decreasing phenol oxidation potential with increasing temperature. The experimental results demonstrate that this increased temperature can be supplied by solar thermal heating. In combination this drives electrochemical phenol removal with enhanced oxidation efficiency through (i) a thermodynamically driven decrease in the energy needed to fuel the process and (ii) improved kinetics to sustain high rates of phenol oxidation at low electrochemical overpotential. The STEP wastewater treatment process is synergistic in that it is performed with higher efficiency than either electrochemical or photovoltaic conversion process acting alone. STEP is a green, efficient, safe, and sustainable process for organic wastewater treatment driven solely by solar energy.