bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of quantity and quality of DNA and RNA extraction from limited pediatric blood samples
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Singh Minu , Singh Aditya , Bhardwaj Deepshikha , Bhatia Prateek 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Optimal DNA and RNA quantity and purity is essential for downstream molecular biology experimentation and to avoid re-processing of sample. Despite availability of different kits and automated systems for nucleic acid isolation there is limited data on their performance evaluation, more so with pediatric blood samples, that are usually compromised in quantity. Hence, we evaluated the performance of automated QIAcube platform using pediatric blood samples in parallel with manual Qiagen extraction kits.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 500 samples were analyzed based on groups of PBMC and direct blood input. The isolated DNA and RNA were surveyed for quantity and quality tests by spectrophotometric and downstream analysis.

Results:
There was no significant difference in the DNA quantity (ng/ul) between manual and automated method based on similar sample input but quality (260/280) was significantly better with the QIAcube platform when direct blood and or PBMCs were used for extraction respectively (1.82 ± 004 Vs. 1.84.002; P-0.000008and 1.859 ± 005 Vs. 1.843 ± 0.003; P-0.02). Moreover, the standard error mean was low for both quantity and quality in the QIAcube method suggesting uniformity. Comparison of quality assessment by spectrophotometer and qubit fluorimeter showed that QIAcube sheared DNA less (P- 0.038)as compared to manual method (P-0.013). Also, time taken to process the samples in QIAcube was 23% less than the kit-based method.

Conclusion:
Overall analysis of QIAcube platform suggests that it yields more better, uniform, and less-sheared quality of nucleic acid in a relatively less time as compared to manual extraction kits.
Status of Disability Awareness among the Caregivers of Persons with Mental Illness Attending a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Malik Asha , Khurana Hitesh 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Disability due to mental illness (MI) is widely prevalent in India, but the people do not have sufficient awareness about the rights associated with disability and its treatment and rehabilitation. The Rights of People with Disability Act 2016 (RPWD) was enacted to develop communities that may help in mainstreaming and destigmatizing people with disability (PwD). For successful rehabilitation and destigmatization, everyone, especially the PwD and their caregivers, must know about the rights as listed in the act. Very little is known about this aspect of RPWD.

Objectives:
We wished to compare the knowledge about rights of the disabled persons among the caregivers of persons with MI seeking disability certification and those seeking treatment only.

Methods:
Sixty participants (30 caregivers, each of those with MI taking treatment and those visiting for disability certification) were recruited conveniently. They were assessed on a self-designed validated questionnaire for disability rights under RPWD. Family burden was assessed using a family burden interview schedule developed by Pai and Kapoor.

Results:
Both the groups had inadequate knowledge about the rights. No differences in the level of knowledge about rights in the RPWD was found in the two groups. The family burden was significantly higher among those seeking disability certificates.

Conclusion:
The caregivers of MI have inadequate awareness of the rights of the PwD. There is an urgent need to make people aware of the same for successful rehabilitation and stigmatization of the PwD due to MI.
First clinical experience of total body irradiation using volumetric modulated arc therapy technique in Japan
Authors: Nozawa Yuki , Yamashita Hideomi , Sawayanagi Subaru , Katano Atsuto 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
In recent years, advances in radiotherapy technology have led to the use of high-precision radiotherapy such as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Total body irradiation using VMAT technique (VMAT-TBI) was performed for the first time in our hospital. A 56-year-old male patient diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was performed TBI as pretreatment for haploidentical-related peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation. The prescribed dose was 4 Gy for planning target volume in two fractions. The treatment plan was divided into two plans: upper body and lower body with three and two isocenters, respectively. The overall treatment time with VMAT-TBI was approximately 55 min, and it was not significantly longer than that of moving couch techniques. VMAT-TBI is a less burdensome and more accurate treatment for patients, and it may be a useful treatment for TBI.
Downregulation of MMP-9 by epicatechin can improve the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wu Anao , He Yongmei , Zhou Huahua , Huang Nan , Xu Hongying , Xia Jie , Zengbo Lv , Huang Meifang 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Purpose:
Radiation therapy is a crucial treatment for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its effectiveness is limited by the resistance of tumor cells to radiation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of epicatechin (EC) on radiosensitivity in NSCLC and to determine its relationships with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9.

Methods:
MMP-9 expression was detected by Western blotting, and the expression of the DNA damage marker protein was detected by immunofluorescence. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, and cell proliferation was evaluated using the clonogenesis assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine the cell apoptosis, whereas cell migration and invasion were detected using the transwell assays. The cells were treated with ionizing radiation (IR) and EC to verify the sensitizing effect of EC on radiation therapy.

Results:
MMP-9 expression was elevated in the NSCLC cells and tissues. DNA damage and cell apoptosis were increased, whereas cell vigor, proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly decreased after IR. MMP-9 knockdown strengthened the impact of IR on the biological behaviors of the cells. EC + IR had the best effect on promoting DNA damage and the biological behaviors of the NSCLC cells; alternatively, the overexpression of MMP-9 weakened the role of EC.

Conclusions:
This study shows that EC can downregulate MMP-9 expression, promote DNA damage, reduce cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, and facilitate cell apoptosis, thus, showing potential as a radiosensitizer for NSCLC.
The m6A reader IGF2BP2 promotes ESCC progression by stabilizing HDGF mRNA
Authors: Jia Yang , Liu Sujing , Zhang Miao , Wu Xia , Chen Xiangyu , Xing Mengmeng , Hou Xianghui , Jiang Wenpeng 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the role of IGF2BP2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression.

Materials and Methods:
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, transcriptome sequencing, and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset were used to detect the expression of m6A-associated genes in ESCC. The in vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the role of IGF2BP2 in ESCC.

Results:
IGF2BP2 was significantly overexpressed in human ESCC specimens, which was confirmed by analyzing the GEO dataset. IGF2BP2 overexpression was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with ESCC. Altering the expression of IGF2BP2 influenced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. IGF2BP2 could bind to and stabilize hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) transcripts in ESCC in an m6A-dependent manner and promote HDGF expression.

Conclusions:
These findings indicate that the novel IGF2BP2-HDGF axis is pivotal for ESCC cancer progression and can serve as a target for developing therapeutics.
CXCR4 promotes migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of papillary thyroid carcinoma by activating STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Yajie , Xu Zhipeng , Zhou Dongsheng , Hou Haitao , Liu Bin , Long Houlong , Hu Wenxin , Tang Yuanqi , Wang Jianning , Wei Dan , Zhao Quanlin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a serious threat to human health worldwide, while metastasis in the early phase limits therapeutic success and leads to poor survival outcomes. The CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) plays an important role in many cellular movements such as transcriptional modulation, cell skeleton rearrangement, and cell migration, and the change in CXCR4 levels are crucial in various diseases including cancer. In this study, we explored the role of CXCR4 in the migration and invasion of PTC and investigated the potential mechanisms underlying its effects.

Subjects and Methods:
We analyzed the expression levels of CXCR4 in PTC tissues and cell lines. Would healing migration, Transwell invasion assay in vitro, and tail-vein lung metastasis assay In vivo were performed to evaluated the migration and invasion abilities of PTC cells with stable CXCR4 knockdown or overexpression. Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT3) signaling pathway-related protein expressions were examined by Western blotting assays.

Results:
The results showed that CXCR4 was highly expressed in PTC cell lines and PTC tissues. CXCR4 knockdown in PTC cells dampened the migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas CXCR4 overexpression enhanced these properties. In vivo, we also found that CXCR4 promoted the metastasis of PTC. Mechanistic studies showed that CXCR4 played these vital roles through the STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, PTC patients with high CXCR4 or p-STAT3 expression correlated with aggressive clinical characteristics such as extrathyroidal extension (ETE), and lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Conclusions:
We provided evidence that CXCR4 might activate the STAT3 signaling pathway and further promote PTC development. Thus, CXCR4 might be a novel therapeutic target for PTC.
Oral microbiome and its relationship with oral cancer
Authors: Wang Shengran , Tan Xiao , Cheng Juan , Liu Zeyang , Zhou Huiping , Liao Jiyuan , Wang Xijun , Liu Hongyun 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
As the initial point for digestion, the balance of oral microorganisms plays an important role in maintaining local and systemic health. Oral dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the oral microbial community, may lead to the onset of various diseases. The presence or abnormal increase of microbes in the oral cavity has attracted significant attention due to its complicated relationship with oral cancer. Oral cancer can remodel microbial profiles by creating a more beneficial microenvironment for its progression. On the other hand, altered microbial profiles can promote tumorigenesis by evoking a complex inflammatory response and affecting host immunity. This review analyzes the oncogenic potential of oral microbiome alterations as a driver and biomarker. Additionally, a potentially therapeutic strategy via the reversal of the oral microbiome dysbiosis in oral cancers has been discussed.
Efficacy and safety of standard BEACOPP regimen versus ABVD regimen for treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Lin Ningjing , He Chuan , Zhang Qingyuan , Hong Xiaonan , Liu Lihong , Yang Shune , Su Hang , Li Xiaoyi , Dai Xiangrong , Li Yujie , Zhu Jun 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The current treatment regimens for Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) are associated with high incidences of adverse events.

Purpose:
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of doxorubicin + bleomycin + vincristine + dacarbazine (ABVD) and standard bleomycin + etoposide + doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide + vincristine + procarbazine + prednisone (BEACOPP) chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced stage HL.

Methods:
This multicenter, randomized, parallel, open, positive control noninferiority trial was conducted from 2016 to 2019 and comprised 93 subjects who were randomized in a 1:1 ratio between the treatment (BEACOPP; n = 44) and control (ABVD; n = 49) groups.

Results:
The primary efficacy endpoint of this trial was the objective response rate (ORR) after eight cycles of chemotherapy, which was 100.00% (36/36) in the treatment group and 95.74% (45/49) in the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions was 100% in both groups. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in the incidences of grade 3 (39/44 [88.64%] vs. 23/49 [46.94%]) and grade 4 (27/44 [61.36%] vs. 8/49 [16.94%]) adverse events were observed between the treatment and control groups, respectively. However, most of these reactions were manageable, with no serious consequences, and were reversible after discontinuation of the treatment.

Conclusion:
Both regimens had a similar ORR and were associated with a high number of adverse events. The ABVD regimen was better tolerated and safer than the standard BEACOPP regimen. This study indicates that the standard BEACOPP regimen may be considered as a treatment option for patients with advanced HL.
Application of computed tomography-based radiomics analysis combined with lung cancer serum tumor markers in the identification of lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Tongrui , Li Jun , Wang Guangli , Li Huafeng , Song Gesheng , Deng Kai 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjective:To establish a prediction model of lung cancer classification by computed tomography (CT) radiomics with the serum tumor markers (STM) of lung cancer.Materials and Methods:Two-hundred NSCLC patients were enrolled in our study. Clinical data including age, sex, and STM (squamous cell carcinoma [SCC], neuron-specific enolase [NSE], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA], pro-gastrin-releasing peptide [PRO-GRP], and cytokeratin 19 fragment [cYFRA21-1]) were collected. A radiomics signature was generated from the training set using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. The risk factors were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis, and a radiomics nomogram based on the radiomics signature and clinical features was constructed. The capability of the nomogram was evaluated using the training set and validated using the validation set. A correction curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomics model for the training and test sets.Results:Twenty-nine of 1234 radiomics parameters were screened as important factors for establishing the radiomics model. The training (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.925; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.885–0.966) and validation sets (AUC = 0.921; 95% CI: 0.854–0.989) showed that the CT radiomics signature, combined with STM, accurately predicted lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, the logistic regression model showed good performance based on the Hosmer-Lemeshow test in the training (P= 0.954) and test sets (P= 0.340). Good calibration curve consistency also indicated the good performance of the nomogram.Conclusion:The combination of the CT radiomics signature and lung cancer STM performed well for the pathological classification of NSCLC. Compared with the radiomics signature method, the nomogram based on the radiomics signature and clinical factors had better performance for the differential diagnosis of NSCLC.
The anti-neoplastic impact of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa on small cell lung cancer: In vitro and in vivo investigations
Authors: Khan Mahjabin , Lam Sze-Kwan , Yan Sheng , Feng Yuqian , Chen Caoyang , Ko Frankie Chi-Fat , Ho James Chung-Man 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
Malignant and aggressive, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) constitutes about 15% of all diagnosed lung cancer cases. With primary therapeutic options such as chemotherapy accompanied by debilitating side effects, interest has been soaring in the therapeutic competencies of herbs. The pharmacological driving force behind the beneficial properties of Nigella sativa is the quinone, thymoquinone (TQ). The anti-cancer effects of TQ on different cancers have been extensively studied. Nonetheless, only one paper in the entire National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database describes its effects on SCLC. A more detailed investigation is required.

Methods:
The current study examined the impact of TQ in vitro on five SCLC cell lines and in vivo in a nude mouse xenograft model. The following in vitro effects of TQ on SCLC were evaluated: (a) cell viability; (b) apoptosis; (c) cell cycle arrest; (d) intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and (e) protein expression in concomitant signaling pathways. For the in vivo effects of TQ on SCLC, (a) tumor volume was measured, and (b) selected protein expression in selected concomitant signaling pathways was determined by Western blotting.

Result:
In general, TQ reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, depleted ROS, and altered protein expression in associated signaling pathways. Furthermore, TQ exhibited a tumor-suppressive effect in an H446 SCLC xenograft model.

Conclusion:
The cytotoxic impact of TQ arising from anti-cancer mechanisms was elucidated. The positive results obtained in this study warrant further investigation.
Comparative Study of Conventional Ziehl–Neelsen Method and Modified Bleach Concentration Method in Detection of Tubercle Bacilli in Fine-Needle Aspiration Material of Lymph Nodes
Authors: Laddha Ankita , Bhake Arvind , Kediya Anup , Vagha Sunita 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Tuberculous lymphadenitis is seen in nearly 35% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Early and accurate detection of active cases remains an important objective for appropriate treatment and reduction in the spread of the disease. Microscopy has many advantages when it comes to speed feasibility, and if its sensitivity could be improved. Liquefaction of specimens by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, bleach) and concentration of bacilli through centrifugation significantly increases the sensitivity of direct microscopy. Thus, the bleach concentration method has been recently described for sputum and other extra-pulmonary specimen.

Aim:
The aim of study is to evaluate the role of bleach concentration method in FNAC lymph nodes over conventional Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) direct smear microscopy.

Methods and Material:
The prospective, cross-sectional and observational study carried out for a period of one year from December 2017 to November 2018. The study included 50 cases suspected clinically of having TB with lymphadenopathy referred for FNAC to the division of cytopathology in department of Patholology, All the aspirates by FNAC were processed for direct microscopy using conventional ZN staining and routine cytology and compared with the findings of the bleach method. Of these 50 cases 5 cases were eliminated from the study.

Results:
Of total 45 cases, 14 cases were positive by conventional ZN method and 29 cases by bleach concentration method. AFB positivity by bleach concentration method was more in comparison with the routine ZN stain.

Conclusion:
The study could establish AFB positivity in 64.44% of cases with the bleach method. This detection rate is far better than routine ZN staining.
Evaluation of Various Prognostic Factors of Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Rai Prachi , Bhake Arvind , Bahadure Sweta 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract that accounts for about 7% of all invasive cancer in women. Therefore, the first step is to find predictive and prognostic factors, then to define clinically relevant risk groups and finally design clinical trials and treatment options. Hence, to improve the treatment and follow-up of EC patients, the importance of various prognostic factors has been extensively studied. The present study is intended to evaluate the various prognostic parameters of EC.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate various prognostic factors in patients of diagnosed case of EC at a tertiary health center.

Objectives:
The objectives of the study were

(
1).to diagnose EC by routine H and E staining and grade (FIGO) it and (2) and to evaluate various prognostic parameters including clinical, gross, and histopathological factors.

Study Design:
This was a observational and retrospective study.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty cases of EC were diagnosed on histopathology, then evaluate various prognostic factors.

Results:
Most of the cases belonged to the postmenopausal group, endometrioid type, stage I that means confined to the endometrium alone. The most common grade was Grade II accounting to 40.00%, followed by Grade I and Grade III, i.e., 34% and 18%, respectively, and 8% were included in the unknown grade.

Conclusion:
Knowledge of prognostic factors may enable physicians to find the best appropriate treatment for the prevention of recurrence. Patients at risk for an aggressive or advanced disease could be referred to centers and clinicians with special expertise in managing advanced or recurrent EC.
Suicide and Its Risk Factors Among Elderly in Central India
Authors: Sourabh Kumar , Kumari Lovely , Gotarkar Shashank , Ingole Abhishek , Mudey Abhay 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
The 21st century is often called as the “Age of Ageing.” Globally, the share of older people who are above 60 years of age grew from 9.2% in the year 1990–2011, 7% in the year 2013, and following this trend, it will reach to 21.1% by the year 2050.

Aim and Objective:
The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors of suicides in the elderly population who committed suicide.

Methodology:
The study was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in the Wardha district, located in the Central part of India from July 2015 to October 2017. The total cases of suicides among elderly population of more than or equal to 60 years, recorded with the appropriate authority during the year 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 was included in this study. The study participants were the survivor of suicide (people intimately and directly affected by a suicide), who was knowledgeable about the events or circumstances, leading to the suicide by the elderly.

Results:
problems faced by elderly that led them to suicide. Near about all the elderly (98.6%) except one were having some mental health issues in the form of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, about 78.9% of study participants were having clinical comorbidities in the form of chronic physical pain, major accident or paralysis, history of fits, stupor, loss of consciousness, and chronic illness such as tuberculosis or cancer.

Conclusions:
In the present study, near about half of the elderly were in the age group of 60–69 years of age. While maximum elderly who committed suicide were male by gender indicating, male gender is more prone for suicide.