bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal role of immune cells in bipolar disorder: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Mengxuan , Wang Shuo , Yuan Guoshan , Gao Mingzhou , Zhao Xiyan , Chu Zhenhan , Gao Dongmei 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder (BD) has enhanced in recent years due to the extensive use of high-density genetic markers for genotyping and advancements in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, studies on the relationship between immune cells and the risk of BD remain limited, necessitating further investigation.MethodsBidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was employed to investigate the causal association between immune cell morphologies and bipolar disorder. Immune cell traits were collected from a research cohort in Sardinia, whereas the GWAS summary statistics for BD were obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, and the combination of MR-Egger and MR-Presso was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran’s Q test was employed to evaluate heterogeneity, and the results were adjusted for false discovery rate (FDR).ResultsThe study identified six immune cell phenotypes significantly associated with BD incidence (P&lt; 0.01). These phenotypes include IgD- CD27- %lymphocyte, CD33br HLA DR+ CD14- AC, CD8 on CD28+ CD45RA+ CD8br, CD33br HLA DR+ AC, CD14 on CD14+ CD16+ monocyte, and HVEM on CD45RA- CD4+. After adjusting the FDR to 0.2, two immune cell phenotypes remained statistically significant: IgD-CD27-% lymphocyte (OR=1.099, 95% CI: 1.051-1.149, P = 3.51E-05, FDR=0.026) and CD33br HLA DR+ CD14-AC (OR=0.981, 95% CI: 0.971-0.991, P = 2.17E-04, FDR=0.079). In the reverse MR analysis, BD significantly impacted the phenotypes of four monocytes (P&lt; 0.01), including CD64 on CD14+ CD16+ monocyte, CD64 on monocyte, CX3CR1 on CD14- CD16-, CD64 on CD14+ CD16- monocyte. However, after applying the FDR correction (FDR &lt; 0.2), no statistically significant results were observed.ConclusionsThis MR investigation reveals associations between immune cell phenotypes, bipolar disorder, and genetics, providing novel perspectives on prospective therapeutic targets for bipolar disorder.
Predictors of evidence-based psychotherapy initiation among veterans with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorder
Authors: Somohano Vanessa C. , Cameron David , Lewis Meaghan M. , O’Neill Allison , Phillips Rachel , Kaplan Joshua , O’Neil Maya E. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo compare initiation of PTSD evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) between Veterans with and without a co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD), and identify factors associated with EBP initiation among Veterans with PTSD-SUD.MethodA national sample of Veterans with PTSD (n = 301,872) and PTSD-SUD (n = 94,515) were identified from VA Electronic Health Record data. Treatment initiation was defined as having at least one mental health encounter associated with Cognitive Processing Therapy or Prolonged Exposure therapy. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare EBP initiation between Veterans with and without co-occurring SUD, and to identify patient- and facility characteristics associated with EBP initiation among Veterans with PTSD-SUD.ResultsThe majority of Veterans were 30 – 44 years old, male sex, and Non-Hispanic White. No significant differences were observed in EBP initiation between Veterans with and without a co-occurring SUD (OR=1.00, p=0.985). Among Veterans with PTSD-SUD, co-occurring bipolar disorder (OR=0.83, p=.000), co-occurring psychotic disorder (OR=0.69, p=.000), service connection (OR=0.94, p=.001), female sex (OR=0.87, p=.000), and being 60 years or older (OR=0.57, p=.000) were associated with a reduced likelihood of initiating a PTSD EBP. Having a co-occurring anxiety disorder (OR=1.06, p=.020), MST history (OR=1.95, p=.000), and high risk for suicide (OR=1.15, p=.000) were associated with an increased likelihood of initiating EBP.DiscussionThese findings support VA provision of EBP for Veterans with PTSD regardless of the presence of co-occurring SUD. Identifying characteristics that increase or reduce the likelihood of EBP initiation may provide insight into treatment pathways and subgroups warranting augmented outreach.
A framework for remotely enabled co-design with young people: its development and application with neurodiverse children and their caregivers
Authors: Morris Anna Charlotte , Douch Stephen , Popnikolova Teodora , McGinley Chris , Matcham Faith , Sonuga-Barke Edmund , Downs Johnny 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis paper describes an innovative Framework for Remotely Enabled Co-Design with Young people (FREDY), which details an adaptable four-stage process for generating design concepts with children and other key stakeholders in a naturalistic and inclusive way.MethodsRecommendations from existing patient engagement and design methodologies were combined to provide research teams with procedures to capture and analyse end-user requirements rapidly. Resulting insights were applied through iterative design cycles to achieve accelerated and user-driven innovation.ResultsApplying this framework with neurodiverse children within the context of healthcare, shows how creative design methods can give rise to new opportunities for co-creating across diverse geographies, abilities, and backgrounds as well as strengthen co-designer approval of the co-design process and resulting product.DiscussionWe summarise key learnings and principles for fostering trust and sustaining participation with remote activities, and facilitating stakeholder design input through continuous collaboration, as well as highlight the potential benefits and challenges of utilising FREDY with neurotypical populations.
The real-world effectiveness of preschoolers wearing masks on campus to prevent respiratory infectious diseases: a cohort study
Authors: Yang Wenhao , Liu Jian , Qin Nanyang 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundRespiratory infections are common in the pediatric population. Preschoolers, especially those in kindergarten and 3–6 years old, are highly vulnerable to various respiratory infections.ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of indoor mask-wearing in mitigating respiratory infections in preschoolers in a real-world campus setting.MethodsThe study was conducted over a 115-day period in a kindergarten. Eligible children were assigned into study and control groups. The study group wore masks indoors but not outdoors, and the control group did not wear masks in either setting. We used a questionnaire to collect participant information, including age, height, weight, monthly dietary living expenses, family annual income, parent education level, primary caregiver, number of family members, and number of children under 6 years of age in the household. Incidences of clinical respiratory infections were recorded. We calculated the relative risk and analyzed the relationship between mask-wearing and respiratory infections by inter-group comparison, logistic regression, and Cox regression analyses.ResultsA total of 135 preschoolers were included, with 35 and 100 preschoolers in the study and control groups, respectively. Baseline comparisons showed a significant difference in the number of children under 6 years old in the household between the two groups. Mask-wearing did not significantly reduce the risk of respiratory infections (RR = 1.086, 95% CI: 0.713, 1.435). Logistic and Cox regression analyses also showed no significant relationship between mask-wearing and occurrence of respiratory infections after controlling for potential confounders (OR = 0.816, 95% CI: 0.364, 1.826, and HR = 0.845, 95% CI: 0.495, 1.444).ConclusionIndoor mask-wearing did not reduce the incidence of respiratory infections in preschoolers in a real-world campus setting. However, this study included a small number of preschoolers and observed them for a short period of time. Preschoolers were instructed to wear masks only when indoors. These factors could lead to bias and limit the generalizability of the study results.
The effectiveness of nirsevimab in reducing the burden of disease due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection over time in the Madrid region (Spain): a prospective population-based cohort study
Authors: Barbas Del Buey José Francisco , Íñigo Martínez Jesús , Gutiérrez Rodríguez María Ángeles , Alonso García Marcos , Sánchez-Gómez Amaya , Lasheras Carbajo María Dolores , Jiménez Bueno Susana , Esteban Vasallo María Dolores , López Zambrano María Alejandra , Calvo Rey Cristina , Sanchez Luna Manuel , Molina Olivas Marta , Arce Arnáez María Araceli 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infections in children under 5 years of age worldwide. Given that, the objective of this study was estimate the effectiveness of nirsevimab (a single-dose, long-acting, human recombinant monoclonal antibody against RSV) over time for the prevention of respiratory episodes treated at different levels of care.MethodsA prospective and dynamic population-based cohort study was performed including infants born between April 1 and December 31, 2023, in the Madrid region who resided there during the follow-up period from October 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024. Infants were considered immunized from the day after receiving one dose (50 or 100 mg) of nirsevimab or nonimmunized individuals if they did not receive any dose.ResultsThere were 4,100 episodes of primary care, 1,954 hospital emergencies, and 509 admissions, 82 of which required intensive care in the 33,859 participants analyzed. The adjusted effectiveness of nirsevimab in preventing hospitalization due to RSV infection was 93.6% (95% CI: 89.7 to 96.1) at 30 days and 87.6% (95% CI: 67.7 to 95.3) at 150 days. The number needed to treat to prevent one hospitalization were 314.19 (95% CI: 306.22 to 327.99) at 30 days and 24.30 (95% CI: 22.31 to 31.61) at 150 days. The adjusted effectiveness of nirsevimab in avoiding admission to an intensive care unit was 94.4% (95% CI: 87.3 to 97.5) at 30  days and 92.1% (95% CI: 64.0 to 98.3) at 90 days. The adjusted effectiveness of nirsevimab for avoiding primary care consultations and hospital emergency visits was lower.DiscussionImmunization with nirsevimab is an effective measure for reducing the burden of care related to RSV at all levels of care albeit it decreases throughout follow-up. At 150 days it remained high for preventing hospital admissions. Other articles already published have also demonstrated high effectiveness although with preliminary results, short follow-up periods and wide confidence intervals. None have detected a decrease in effectiveness over time. These results can be quite useful in individual infant prevention and in the design of immunization campaigns.
Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Lung Transplant: Single-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Pascale Renato , Tazza Beatrice , Amicucci Armando , Salvaterra Elena , Dolci Giampiero , Antonacci Filippo , Baiocchi Massimo , Pastore Saverio , Ambretti Simone , Peghin Maddalena , Viale Pierluigi , Giannella Maddalena 
Published: August 2024

Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) in lung transplant recipients (LuTRs) has high heterogeneity between centers. Our aim was to investigate retrospectively the approach to PAP in our center over a 20-year period (2002–2023), and its impact on early post-operative infections (EPOIs) after lung transplantation (LuT). Primary endpoint was diagnosis of EPOI, defined as any bacterial infection including donor-derived events diagnosed within 30 days from LuT. Main exposure variables were type of PAP (combination vs. monotherapy) and PAP duration. We enrolled 111 LuTRs. PAP consisted of single-agent or combination regimens in 26 (25.2%) and 85 (74.8%) LuTR. Median PAP duration was 10 days (IQR 6–13) days. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the most common agent used either as monotherapy (n = 21, 80.7%) or as combination with levofloxacin (n = 79, 92.9%). EPOIs were diagnosed in 30 (27%) patients. At multivariable analysis no advantages were found for combination regimens compared to single-agent PAP in preventing EPOI (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 0.488–5.068, p:0.448). The impact of PAP duration on EPOIs development was investigated including duration of PAP ≤6 days as main exposure variables, without finding a significantly impact (OR:2.165, 95% CI: 0.596–7.863, p: 0.240). Our results suggest no advantages for combination regimens PAP in preventing EPOI in LuTR.
Majority Rules? Assessing Access to Kidney Transplantation in a Predominantly Hispanic Population
Authors: Thalji Nassir M. , Shaker Tamer , Chand Ranjeeta , Kapturczak Matthias 
Published: August 2024

Key Points

In a Hispanic-majority population, Hispanic patients with CKD experience delayed transplant evaluation and waitlisting compared with White patients.Waitlisted Hispanic patients undergo fewer kidney transplants from all donor types and less preemptive transplantation than White patients.Despite greater comorbidity profiles, Hispanic patients on the kidney transplant waitlist have a lower attrition rate compared with White patients.

Background
Despite being the nation's largest ethnic minority, Hispanic Americans have inferior kidney transplant opportunities. San Antonio, TX, is the largest US city with a majority Hispanic population. We assessed the effect of this unique ethnic milieu on waitlisting and transplant practices among Hispanic patients.

Methods
We studied patients older than 18 years listed at our center for a kidney-only transplant between 2003 and 2022. Timing of waitlisting, transplant rates, and waitlist outcomes were compared between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White patients.

Results
We evaluated 11,895 patients, of whom 67% (n=8008) were Hispanic and 20% (n=2341) were White. Preemptive listing was less frequent in Hispanic patients (18% versus 37%). One third of the listed Hispanic patients (37%) and half of listed White patients (50%) were transplanted, with living donor kidney transplant performed in 59% (n=1755) and 77% (n=898), respectively. Adjusting for age, sex, blood type, preemptive listing, immunologic sensitization, education, employment, and listing era, Hispanic patients remained less likely to receive a deceased donor transplant (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.71 to 0.95). On covariate adjustment, White patients were more likely to experience waitlist death or deterioration (hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 1.36).

Conclusions
Although waitlist attrition was more favorable among Hispanic patients, waitlist registration was delayed and kidney transplants less frequent compared with White patients. These data demonstrate that majority status alone does not mitigate ethnic disparities in kidney transplantation, while underlining the critical need for ongoing efforts to address physician and patient attitudes relating to suitability of Hispanic patients for transplantation.
QUALITY CHANGE OF HATCHING EGGS AT STORAGE IN HERMETIC PACKAGE
Authors: Колокольникова Татьяна Николаевна , Сунцова Ольга Александровна , Полянская Виктория Владимировна 
Published: August 2024

В процессе хранения происходит ухудшение качества инкубационных яиц, что приводит к снижению результатов инкубации и отрицательно влияет на экономику птицеводческого хозяйства. Авторы изучили влияние срока хранения и герметичной упаковки на изменение качественных показателей структур яйца, используя методики морфологических, биохимических, микробиологических и статистических методов исследований. Установили, что герметичная упаковка яиц в процессе хранения способствует замедлению скорости распада витаминов, нарушения кислотно-щелочного баланса белка и желтка, замедляет процесс «старения» содержимого яиц за счет ограничения потери СО, предотвращает повторное обсеменение и сдерживает рост имеющихся микроскопических грибов на поверхности яиц благодаря ограничению доступа кислорода. При дезинфекции формалин проникает в поры яйца. Герметичная упаковка препятствует его выходу наружу и провоцирует отравление эмбриона. Поэтому герметично упаковывать яйца следует не менее чем через 5 часов после дезинфекции формалином. Проведенные исследования имеют прикладное значение, так как являются частью комплексного исследования. В дальнейшем работа будет рекомендована для птицеводческих хозяйств с целью увеличения сроков хранения инкубационных яиц, а также улучшения результатов инкубации яиц кур мясных кроссов.
During storage the quality of hatching eggs deteriorates, this fact leads to decrease of incubation results and it has negative impact on the poultry economy. The authors examined the impact of storage time and hermetic package on the change in qualitative indicators of eggs’ structures, using techniques of morphologic, biochemical, microbiological and statistical research methods. It was found that hermetic package of eggs during storage helps to slow the decay rate of vitamins, acid-base balance violation of protein and yolk, slows down “aging process” of egg contents by limiting of CO2 loss, prevents re-insemination, blocks the growth of existing microscopic fungus on the eggs’ surface due to the limited access of oxygen. During disinfection formalin penetrates eggs’ pores. Hermetic package prevents its coming out and provokes the poisoning of embryo. Because of it eggs should be packed hermetically at least 5 hours after disinfection with formalin. The research has practical significance, as it’s a part of a comprehensive study. In the future, the research will be recommended for poultry farms with a view to increase the storage time of hatching eggs, and improve eggs’ incubation results of chicken meat crosses.
Friedrich Engels – the outstanding theorist of Marxism
Authors: ЧЕСНОКОВ Г.Д. 
Published: August 2024

Автор статьи проводит две главные мысли. Прежде всего он напоминает читателям, что Энгельс – отнюдь не один из рядо­вых представителей марксистской науки. Он один из ее основа­телей, и об этом не следует забывать. Как писателя Энгельса отличает свой особый стиль. Одним словом, он удивительно ин­дивидуальный и уникальный ученый, а его труды в самых разных областях науки и сегодня не утратили своей значимости. Ф. Энгельс был и остается ученым мирового уровня.
The author of the article pursues two main ideas. First of all, he reminds the readers that Engels was not simply one of the ordinary representatives of the Marxist science. He is one of its founders, and nobody should forget it. As a writer Engels had his own literary style. In short, he is a very original and unique scientist and his works in the different fields of knowledge have not lost their significance up to now. F. Engels was and still remains a scientist of a world-wide fame and importance.
Social and humanitarian aspects of the development of inclusive education in higher education
Authors: Аллахвердиева Л.М. , Гаспаришвили А.Т. 
Published: August 2024

В статье анализируются проблемы внедрения инклюзивного образования в российскую систему высшего образования. Авторы рассматривают вопросы о необходимости включения в образо­вательное пространство людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья и получения ими высшего профессионального образова­ния в контексте решения социально-гуманитарных проблем раз­вития российской системы образования.
The article analyzes the problems of implementation of inclusive education in the Russian system of higher education. The authors consider the need to include people with disabilities in the educational space and obtain higher professional education in the context of solving social and humanitarian problems of the development of the Russian education system.
Philosophy and futurology analysis of interactive technologies development in education
Authors: ТАРАСОВ Д.Я. 
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена феномену развития интерактивных тех­нологий в образовательной сфере. Используя синхронный и диах­ронный анализ, автор отслеживает развитие интерактивности с древнейших времен по наши дни. Кроме того, в статье со­держится информация о применении различных философских за­конов и методов других отраслей знания для исследования футу­рологических аспектов развития интерактивных технологий.
The article is highlighting the issue of interactive technologies de­velopment in the field of education. Using synchronous and diachronic analysis, the author tracks the development of interactivity from ancient times to present days. The article is also focused on application of various philosophical regularities and methods of other sciences to the studies the futurological aspects of interactive technologies development.
Social entrepreneurship in the system of socio-economic development of public relations
Authors: ШАВЫРИНА И.В. , ДЕМЕНЕНКО И.А. , ДИВИЧЕНКО О.И. 
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена вопросу о субъектах решения проблем в социальной сфере. Авторами проведен анализ в разрезе со­циально-демографических характеристик и на основании резуль­татов исследования было выявлено, что возрастные характе­ристики респондентов в некоторой степени влияют на вопрос о передаче функций по решению проблем социальной сферы от государства неправительственным организациям и социально ответственному бизнесу.
The article is devoted to the issue of the subjects of solving problems in the social sphere. The authors conducted an analysis in the context of socio-demographic characteristics and, based on the results of the study, it was found that the age characteristics of respondents to some extent affect the question of the transfer of functions to solve problems of the social sphere from the state to non-governmental organizations and socially responsible business.
The problem of human integrity and approaches to it
Authors: ПОНИЗОВКИНА И.Ф. 
Published: August 2024

Автор обращается к теме целостности человека − одной из центральных проблем философии. В статье проводится анализ разных подходов к исследованию этой проблемы в истории фило­софии и современной практике.
The author touches on the subject of human integrity − one of the cent­ral problems of philosophy. The article analyzes different approaches to the study of this problem in the history of philosophy and modern practice.
The influence of the barrier function of the border on the development of border municipalities
Authors: САПРЫКА В.А. , ВАВИЛОВ А.Н. , ПАСТЮК А.В. , ПОГОРЕЛЬСКИЙ М.Б. 
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются механизмы влияния барьерной функции границы на различные аспекты социальной, экономи­ческой и культурной жизни муниципальных образований. Предс­тавлен анализ причин и последствий специфических условий раз­вития приграничных муниципалитетов. Предлагаются рекомен­дации по минимизации негативного воздействия барьерной функ­ции границы на социально-экономическое и иные направления развития приграничья.
The article discusses the mechanisms of the influence of the barrier function of the border on various aspects of the social, economic and cultural life of municipalities. An analysis of the causes and consequences of specific conditions for the development of border municipalities is presented. Recommendations are offered on minimizing the negative impact of the barrier function of the border on the socio-economic and other areas of border development.