bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying predictors of resilient coping in students during COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Laranjeira C. , Querido A. I. , Dixe M. A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAlthough increasing resilient coping throughout life is beneficial, it is particularly important in young people. To prevent the development of mental health problems, it is crucial to understand the factors associated with resilience. However, among university students, the characteristics considered conducive to resiliency have not been sufficiently studied, particularly during pandemic times.ObjectivesThe present study examined factors associated with resilient coping in Portuguese higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsData were collected from an opportunity large sample of participants during the academic year 2020/2021. Four self-report measures were utilized within the study: Herth Hope Index, Brief Resilient Coping Scale, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21 items, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised. Additionally, a demographic questionnaire was used to collect data including age, gender, have children, education level, and study area. Ethics clearance was obtained. In order to test the research question, a multiple regression was conducted (using SPSS 28), with resilient coping as the dependent variable and the other variables entered as potential predictor variables.ResultsA total of 1522 students (75.1% women and 24.9% men) took part in this study. Most participants were single (91.2%), had no children (93%), and the ages ranged from 18 to 59, with a mean age of 22.88±6.93 years. In terms of study level, the majority of students (73.7%) are at the undergraduate level and are not working (76.6%). Among the participants, 35.7%, 36.2%, and 28.5% had symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression above the normal range, respectively. High resilience scores were found in 215 participants (14.1%). The mean hope (HHI) was 35.53 (SD = 5.92). Our results also demonstrated that hope is the only predictor of resilient coping (p<0.001). A higher level of hope is expected to affect people’s psychological adjustment by influencing both their appraisal of, and their coping with, the stressors confronted by them.ConclusionsEstablishing and improving protective factors should increase the likelihood of the individual successfully avoiding negative outcomes and increase their ability to function normally, thus promoting resilient outcomes. We were able to draw practical implications for developing resilience-promoting methods in a university context. These results can be used to help students build resilience by preparing for future problems.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Comparative Analysis of Impulsivity Profiles in Children and Young Patients with Anorexia Nervosa Restrictive Type, Anorexia Nervosa Binge Eating/Purging Type, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Arango M. D. M. , Montasell E. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHigh levels of impulsivity are associated with individuals suffering from eating disorders. Impulsivity is a complex and multidimensional construct, with elevated impulsivity traits posing a specific risk in relation to binge-eating and purging disorders when compared to restrictive types eating disorders.ObjectivesOur aim was to identify the difference in impulsivity profile in children and young patients with eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa restrictive type (ANR), anorexia nervosa binge eating/purging type (ANP), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED).MethodsPatients aged 21 years or younger, meeting the DSM-V criteria for ANR (n=125), ANP (n=48), BN (n=38), and BED (n=37) were enrolled in the study. The participants had an average age of 16.3 ± 2.15 years. Data collection involved the administration of the UPPS Impulsiveness Scale (UPPS). Bilateral Student’s t-tests were conducted to evaluate potential statistically significant differences among the diagnostic groups.ResultsOur results indicated statistically significant differences in total impulsivity between patients diagnosed with ANR and each of the other eating disorders including ANP (T-Stud -2,19 p < .02), BN (T-Stud -2.17p < .03), and BED (T-Stud -2,68 p < .008) (Figure 1). However, no significant differences were observed among the other eating disorder groups. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that heightened impulsivity traits, particularly sensation-seeking tendencies, were a common feature among all subtypes of eating disorders, regardless of their specific diagnostic category. Impulsivity and age also exhibited a statistically significant negative correlation (r = -0.13, p = .03) (Figure 2).Image:Image 2:ConclusionsImpulsivity in individuals with restrictive and binge/purgative eating disorders differ significantly, with lower levels of impulsivity in ANR (Figure 1), except for sensation-seeking tendencies. This suggests that both groups may share a similar inclination for seeking intense emotions or engaging in emotionally arousing behaviors. As individuals age from adolescence to young adulthood, there is a tendency for impulsivity levels to decrease (Figure 2).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Guidelines of inclusive architecture design for autism spectrum disorder: What is new?
Authors: Abdelmoula E. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N. , Abdelmoula B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neuro-developmental condition. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), restricted interests and repetitive behaviors and difficulties with social communication and interaction characterize ASD. Different ways of learning, moving, or paying attention are related to the degree of impairments. By reducing environmental and social obstacles in school, work, and other areas of life, architecture could play a pivotal role in helping people on the spectrum become more independent and acquire more abilities.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to outline the recommendations and guidelines of the inclusive architecture design for ASD.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive review of the scientific literature using the following keywords: inclusive design, architecture, autism or ADS.ResultsOur research found that the Autism ASPECTSS design index reported in 2013 by Magda Mostafa from Canada, which was based on the sensory design theory, is the world’s first set of evidence-based design guidelines for managing built environments to serve ADS individuals interaction, particularly in schools and workspaces. ASPECTSS conceptual framework delineate seven design concepts: acoustics, spatial sequencing, escape space, compartmentalization, transition spaces, sensory zoning, and safety. In 2023, the same author published an autism friendly design guide for the world’s first autism-friendly university. This guide is characterized by a better understanding of human-centered design and advocates beyond the mere inclusion, aspiring to a state where the boundaries between ‘normal’ and ‘special’ are blurred in order to treat all users as human beings with equal rights, thus calling for equal opportunities beyond the ADS spectrum.ConclusionsWith such well-established conceptual framework, it is nowadays imperative to expand our buildings in cities, schools, workplaces, hospitals, and public areas using the guidelines of autism-friendly environments. These buildings will enhance our individual and social well-being.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Relevance of measurement of bêta-2-microglobulin in schizophrenia
Authors: Aissa A. , Arij A. B. C. , Jedda S. , Askri F. , Jomli R. , Abaza H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThere are several arguments supporting the inflammatory hypothesis in schizophrenia (SCZ). Among the inflammatory markers, beta-2- microglobulin (β2M) is associated with abnormalities in neurogenesis and cognitive impairment described in (SCZ).ObjectivesThe objectives of our study were to evaluate the level of β2M in a group of patients compared with a control group and to investigate the sociodemographic, clinical, and environmental factors associated with elevated β2M levelsMethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional in outpatients with SCZ. We collected patients sociodemographic, environmental, and clinical data. We assessed psychopathology with the PANSS. We measured serum β2M concentration.ResultsWe included 30 patients with SCZ compared with 20 controls. Patients mean age was 40,23±10,66. The mean level of β2M was 1,98 ± 0.42 mg/L for patients and 1.65±0.56 mg/L for control group. The difference was significant between the patient group and the control group (p&lt;10-3). No environmental or clinical factors have been associated with β2M levels other than smoking status (p=0.046).ConclusionsFurther research with larger samples investigating the different stages of SCZ especially early psychosis would be needed to confirm the relevance of this biomarker in SCZ.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Experience sampling method in psychiatry: a state-of-the-art lecture
Authors: Myin Germeys I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPsychiatric problems occur in people’s normal daily life, in a dynamic interaction with the context people are in. Yet, we have very few techniques to assess this dynamical nature of symptoms, nor do we have good insights in how people actually function in their ordinary life. Ambulatory assessment techniques such as Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM) or Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) have been proposed as a potential clinical tool to bridge this gap. Yet, very few of these techniques have actually made it to the clinic. In my talk, I will discuss the strengths and limitations of using these digital diary techniques to open up someone’s real life in clinical practice. I will discuss qualitative research identifying barriers and facilitators, identified by patients and clinicians. I also will discuss what is needed in terms of technology and data security, by demonstrating the MoMent app and MoMent Dashboard, that has been developed within the H2020 IMMERSE project. Finally, I will discuss how these digital mental health tools could help in developing a much more fine-grained understanding of how psychopathology emerges in the realm of ordinary life, making patients active partners in the clinical process.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Fictional faces of female suicide: Qualitative analysis of selected Russian-language texts of the school reader
Authors: Lyubov E. B. , Semenova N. D. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIsaiah Berlin’s (1948) exploration of the self-searching of Russian thinkers includes studies of the writers – Tolstoy and others (now – Russian-language texts of the school reader). These studies refute a widespread misconception about the relations between Russian writers and thinkers: namely, that in Russia literature and radical thought form two distinct traditions related only by mutual hostility. The works of Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Karamzin, Leskov, Ostrovsky, and of minor novelists too, are penetrated with a sense of their own time, of this or that particular social and historical milieu and its ideological content, to an even higher degree than the ‘social’ novels of the west. The personal characteristics of suicide victims, heroines of Russian literature, along with the gender aspects, deserve attention in suicidal behavior (SP) focus.ObjectivesTo study personal characteristics of suicide victims, heroines of fiction.MethodsQualitative analysis of selected Russian-language texts of the school reader.ResultsAt the dawn of literature, we have seen fiery heroines and tremulous victims in the arms of death. Аs psychology approach was developed, and we get acquainted with the tragiс backstory. Psychotypes of suicides are exaggerated and overlapped. «Hysterical»: manipulative, frigid nymphomaniac (e.g., Anna Karenina). «Freedom-loving rebel» (i.e., Katerina reincarnations from A. Ostrovsky) in conditions of excessive regulation. «She-Devil, or Rebel Without a Cause». The obsession with death turns into a criminal and a victim (e.g., «Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk» by N. Leskov, Turgenev’s Susanna or Klara Milich). The image of a vindictively furious («velvet and tiger claws») woman descends to the Victorian view of female self-will. «Mimosa» is a sensitive, dreamy person, unable to resist the hardships of life, dependent (dies with her beloved, objection). In suicide, the strength of weakness is the outcome of a humiliating life (e.g., Karamzin’s «Poor Liza», «A Gentle Creature» by F. Dostoevsky. The meaning of suicides is the following: a call (to compassion, salvation), a «cry for help», atonement for one’s (imaginary) – someone else’s (by proxy) guilt, and release from encumbrance.ConclusionsFiction and life are united by emotionally unstable characters and/or depression as markers of unsatisfactory resilience. The cultural diversity of gender patterns and interpretations of SP challenges the essentialist view that «femininity» and marriage are protective factors. SP patterns illustrate and complement the explanatory concepts of SP. The inner world of suicidal people is fascinating and contributes to the evidence-based optimism in the «patient-centric» crisis care model.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Research of cognitive disorders and quality of life in patients, who are receiving methadone replacement maintenance therapy
Authors: Halytska-Pasichnyk N. , Ogorenko V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionImportant goals of substitution therapy include: reducing the desire to use opioids - methadone enters the brain with a minimal euphoric effect, reduce the desire to use opioids, allowing to avoid the risk of overdose and control their addiction; prevention of withdrawal syndrome; improving the quality of life - can contribute to the restoration of patients, allowing them to return to a normal life, improve their social, professional and family situation; reducing the risk of transmission of infections HIV and hepatitis; reducing crime - control addiction can reduce related crime and to illicitly obtain opioids; psychosocial support helps patients develop coping strategies and increases their chances of long-term recovery.The goal of substitution therapy is not to completely get rid of addiction, but it can help stabilize the patient’s life and facilitate the recovery process.ObjectivesMany patients receiving MT also have mental disorders such as cognitive decline, depression, anxiety, PTSD, or even bipolar disorder. These conditions can greatly affect the course and results of treatment.They may also have problems with employment, housing, family conflicts, and legal issues.MethodsIn the course of the study, 134 patients aged 26 to 64 years (105 men and 29 women) with a diagnosis of opioid addiction and receiving methadone therapy were examined. Of them, 48 patients had a period of stay at MT of up to three years and 86 – more than three years. The Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA) was used to assess comorbid cognitive impairments. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life.ResultsThe range of indicators of cognitive functions varied from 21 to 29 points (average - 25.3). 61 patients (46%) showed a result of 26 and above, indicating the absence of cognitive impairment, 51 patients (38%) received from 24 to 21, indicating moderate cognitive impairment. 22 patients (16%) had borderline indicators.When assessing the level of quality of life, indicators of physical and psychological components varied from 12 to 31; self-perception in the range from 10 to 27 points; microsocial support from 3 to 14 points; social well-being from 11 to 36. In general, the level of satisfaction with the quality of life was in the range of 38-83%.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsOpioid addiction therapy should be consist of an assessment of physical and psychological status, comorbid disorders, quality of life, etc. We can see, MT does not significantly affect the cognitive functions. The differences in the assessment of the quality of life were noted in the components of microsocial support and social well-being, which indicates the vulnerability of patients in these areas. Duration of opioid dependence, availability of psychosocial support, presence of comorbid conditions affect the quality of life. It is important that treatment is tailored to individual needs of patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Factors Associated with Voluntary Discharge in a Hospital Detoxification Unit: An Observational and Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Gamboa Lozada P. , Ortega Hernández G. , Palma Álvarez R. F. , Ríos Landeo A. , Ramos Quiroga J. A. , Grau López L. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAdherence to treatment for addictive disorders remains a clinical challenge. Despite detoxification admissions being scheduled and initiated voluntarily by the patient, several factors may contribute to treatment discontinuation.1 Understanding these factors will enable the development of specific interventions for a more effective approach.2ObjectivesTo identify and analyze the relationship between specific clinical factors and voluntary treatment discontinuation.MethodsAn observational and descriptive study was conducted using a retrospective database of 1146 patients admitted to the “Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron” Detoxification Unit between June 2008 and December 2019. Bivariate analysis was conducted to identify individual associations between clinical factors and voluntary discharge. Subsequently, a multivariate analysis was performed to assess the combined influence of these factors while controlling for potential confounding variables.ResultsA total of 135 patients (11.8%) requested voluntary discharge. Significant differences were found between the voluntary discharge and non-voluntary discharge groups in patients with dual diagnosis (91.1% vs 80.9%, p<0.0001), specifically the presence of psychotic disorder (18.7% vs 12%, p<0.05) and cluster B personality disorder (66.7% vs 31%, p<0.0001). Significant associations were also observed with prior detoxification admissions (64.5% vs 54.1%, p<0.05), heroin as the main admission substance (29.6% vs 13.3%, p<0.0001), lifetime use of more than three substances (65.3% vs 45.3%, p<0.0001), and pre-admission binge-pattern substance use (72.1% vs 51.4%, p<0.0001). A significant relationship was found with therapeutic discharge in the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (14.6% vs. 24.8%, p<0.05), admission for alcohol detoxification (25.9% vs. 42.8%, p<0.0001), and participation in group therapy during admission (27.4% vs. 49.9%, p<0.0001).In the multivariate analysis, it was found that cluster B personality disorder (p<0.0001), heroin as the primary substance of admission (p<0.05), and pre-admission binge-pattern substance use (p<0.05) were independently related to voluntary discharge.ConclusionsCluster B personality disorder, admission for heroin detoxification, and pre-admission binge-pattern substance use are factors associated with voluntary treatment discontinuation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Who benefits from multifamily psychoeducation groups ? Descriptive anaysis of participants
Authors: Amiot O. , Genis C. , Baziret L. , Champlon L. , Saïd S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionGuidelines for relapse prevention in schizophrenia recommend psychoeducation for patients and caregivers (Bighelli I, Leucht S et al. Lancet Psychiatry 2021). Considering that, in 2021, we implemented in our Psychiatric community center a multifamily therapy (MFT). The program is based on systemic approach and psychoeducation, focusing on schizophrenia.ObjectivesDescribe participants of MFT groups focusing on schizophrenia.* Patients’ characteristics : age, gender, duration of psychiatric follow-up, history of hospitalization* Caregivers’ characterics: status, age.MethodsWe carried out a descriptive study of the different profile of MFT groups participants in our community center from 2021 to today.ResultsSince 2021, 4 MFT groups took place including 50 participants: 18 patients suffering from schizophrenia and 32 relatives.Image 1 illustrates the different participants of each group.Each group was different. Some patients came with both their parents, even if divorced, some came only with their mother. Some came with a sibling. Nevertheless, the numbers of fathers and siblings did not always allow us to work in sub-groups.Considering patients: 18 patients benefited from our program. 8 female and 10 male patients (55.6%) were admitted and distributed in each group as described in image 2. The mean age of patients was 31.9 years old [20.1 – 57.5]. Each group was made up of patients with psychiatric follow-up ranging from 1 year to more than 20 years, and having experienced between 1 to more than 5 psychiatric hospitalizations. It appears that Group 4 was noticeably younger than the other groups with a mean age of 22.4 years old [20.4 – 26.7] and a shorter history in psychiatry with less hospitalisations (image 3).Considering relatives: 15 mothers, 9 fathers, 5 siblings, 1 spouse, 1 aunt and 1 uncle benefited from psychoeducation to caregivers. The relatives were from 47 to 81 years old for the parents, and from 17 to 50,7 for the siblings. Unlike parents, siblings generally attended a limited number of sessions.Image:Image 2:Image 3:ConclusionsThis descriptive study reflects the work carried out with 18 patients and their relatives in an MFT group providing psychoeducation to patients suffering from schizophrenia and their caregivers. 50 persons benefited from psychoeducation in 2 years. We learned from these results to improve the constitution of our groups and the benefits of our psychoeducation program. We were careful to include families with siblings as we know they are affected by the mental illness in the family and are often left aside of all care/support proposals. We questioned ourselves on the advantages of homogeneous or heterogeneous groups, considering age, history of follow up. How could it impact affiliation to the group or differentiation movements ? How useful or harmful it is for sharing experiences between the families. A proper study would be necessary to answer these questions.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared