bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of immune-related biomarkers for intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosis based on RNA sequencing and machine learning
Authors: Bai Congxia , Liu Xinran , Wang Fengjuan , Sun Yingying , Wang Jing , Liu Jing , Hao Xiaoyan , Zhou Lei , Yuan Yu , Liu Jiayun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe stroke subtype with high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates. Currently, no biomarkers for ICH are available for use in clinical practice. We aimed to explore the roles of RNAs in ICH pathogenesis and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers.MethodsWe collected 233 individual blood samples from two independent cohorts, including 64 patients with ICH, 59 patients with ischemic stroke (IS), 60 patients with hypertension (HTN) and 50 healthy controls (CTRL) for RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify ICH-specific modules. The immune cell composition was evaluated with ImmuneCellAI. Multiple machine learning algorithms to select potential biomarkers for ICH diagnosis, and further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT−PCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA) were performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the signature for ICH. Finally, we generated M1 and M2 macrophages to investigate the expression of candidate genes.ResultsIn both cohorts, 519 mRNAs and 131 lncRNAs were consistently significantly differentially expressed between ICH patients and HTN controls. Gene function analysis suggested that immune system processes may be involved in ICH pathology. ImmuneCellAI analysis revealed that the abundances of 11 immune cell types were altered after ICH in both cohorts. WGCNA and GSEA identified 18 immune-related DEGs. Multiple algorithms identified an RNA panel (CKAP4, BCL6, TLR8) with high diagnostic value for discriminating ICH patients from HTN controls, CTRLs and IS patients (AUCs: 0.93, 0.95 and 0.82; sensitivities: 81.3%, 84.4% and 75%; specificities: 100%, 96% and 79.7%, respectively). Additionally, CKAP4 and TLR8 mRNA and protein levels decreased in RAW264.7 M1 macrophages and increased in RAW264.7 M2 macrophages, while BCL6 expression increased in M1 macrophages but not in M2 macrophages, which may provide potential therapeutic targets for ICH.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs are associated with ICH, and an RNA panel (CKAP4, BCL6, TLR8) was developed as a potential diagnostic tool for distinguishing ICH from IS and controls, which could provide useful insight into ICH diagnosis and pathogenesis.
Associations of primiparous pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with cesarean delivery after induction: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lin Shi , Xie Chunzhi , Teng Anyi , Chen Xiaotian , Li Yan , Zhang Yangyang , Zhang Hui , Sun Ting 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe effects of Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) in primiparas remain unclear. This study examines the associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG with cesarean delivery after induction (CDaI) in primiparous women.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 3,054 primiparous women. We recorded pre-pregnancy BMI, first, second, and third trimester weight values, as well as instances of CDaI and other pregnancy outcomes. We analyzed the associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG with CDaI by conducting a multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for covariates, and adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals were reported.ResultsWe recorded 969 CDaIs. In the vaginal delivery group, each increase of 1 standard deviation in the pre-pregnancy BMI was correlated with a 6% increase in the CDaI risk [aRR (95% CI), 1.06 (1.01–1.11)]. Each increase of 1 standard deviation in the rate of weight gain during the entire pregnancy was correlated with a 21% increase in the CDaI risk [aRR (95% CI), 1.21 (1.14–1.29)]. Compared to women with a normal weekly GWG in the second and third trimester, those with slow GWG had a 19% increased risk of CDaI [aRR (95% CI), 1.19 (1.01–1.37)]. The subgroup analysis results showed that increases in pre-pregnancy BMI could increase the CDaI risk regardless of the induction method.ConclusionHigh pre-pregnancy BMI, excessive GWG, and rapid first trimester weight gain are risk factors for CDaI in primiparous women. Excessive first trimester weight gain, may associated with increased risks of CDaI in primiparous women.
Essential oils as capsule disruptors: enhancing antibiotic efficacy against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: El-Demerdash Azza SalahEldin , Alfaraj Rihaf , Farid Faten A. , Yassin Mohamed H. , Saleh Abdulrahman M. , Dawwam Ghada E. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundMultidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) poses a significant global health threat due to its involvement in severe infections and high mortality rates. The emergence of MDR strains necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies.MethodsK. pneumoniae isolates were obtained from human and animal sources. Antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed, followed by the evaluation of essential oil activity through inhibition zone, MIC, and MBC determinations. Checkerboard assays were conducted to assess synergistic effects with amikacin. Gene expression analysis and transmission electron microscopy were employed to elucidate the mechanisms of action. Molecular docking studies were performed to identify potential binding targets of bioactive compounds.ResultsKlebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from 25 of the100 samples examined, representing a prevalence rate of 25%. All isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant. Tea tree and thyme essential oils exhibited potent antibacterial activity and synergistic effects with amikacin. Notably, these combinations significantly downregulated the expression of key capsule virulence genes (wcaG, rmpA, magA, uge, and wabG), suggesting a novel mechanism for enhancing amikacin efficacy. Transmission electron microscopy revealed disrupted cell integrity in MDR-KP cells treated with the combinations. Molecular docking analysis identified Terpinen-4-ol, Farnesol, 1,4-Dihydroxy-p-menth-2-ene, and 7-Oxabicyclo [4.1.0] heptane as potential bioactive compounds responsible for the observed effects.ConclusionBy effectively combating MDR-KP, this research holds promise for reducing antibiotic resistance, improving treatment outcomes, and ultimately enhancing potential care.
Mediation effect of stroke recurrence in the association between post-stroke lactate dehydrogenase and functional disability
Authors: He Qian , Wang Miaoran , Zhu Haoyue , Xiao Ying , Wen Rui , Liu Xiaoqing , Shi Yangdi , Zhang Linzhi , Wang Yu , Xu Bing 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWe aimed to use lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a marker of inflammation burden and quantify post-stroke inflammation’s direct and indirect effect on functional disability.MethodsWe analyzed 5,129 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted to Shenyang First People’s Hospital. Stroke recurrence and functional outcome measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were assessed at 90 days. Functional disability was defined as mRS score &gt; 2. Receiver operating characteristic curve and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were conducted to illustrate the associations between LDH levels and 90-day functional outcomes in patients with AIS. Mediation analyses were performed to examine the potential causal chain in which stroke recurrence may mediate the relationship between LDH and functional outcome. Positive correlation between LDH and hs-CRP was found and mediation effects of stroke recurrence in the association between LDH or hs-CRP and functional disability were both less than 20%. Sensitivity analyses in different subgroups showed comparable results.ResultsAmong 5,129 included AIS patients, the median (IQR) level of LDH was 186 (161–204.4) U/L. Functional disability was seen in 1200 (23.4%) patients and recurrence was observed in 371(7.2%) patients at 90-day follow-up. Each standard deviation increase in the concentration of LDH was linked to an increased risk of functional disability (adjusted odds ratio[aOR], 1.07; 95%CI,1.04–1.09) and stroke recurrence (aOR,1.02; 95%CI, 1.01–1.04) within 90 days. The highest quartile of LDH (&gt;204.2 U/L) had an elevated risk of suffering functional disability (aOR, 1.21; 95%CI, 1.00–1.47) and recurrence (aOR, 1.21; 95%CI,1.00–1.47) compared with the lowest quartile of LDH (&lt;161 U/L). Stroke recurrence during follow-up explained 12.90% (95%CI, 6.22–21.16%) of the relationship between LDH and functional disability. Positive correlation between LDH and hs-CRP was found and mediation effects of recurrence in the association between LDH or hs-CRP and functional disability were both less than 20%. Sensitivity analyses in different subgroups showed comparable results.ConclusionThe relationship between LDH and functional disability at 90 days among AIS patients is partially mediated by stroke recurrence, accounting for less than 20%. LDH deserves equal attention as hs-CRP in predicting recurrence and functional outcome. In addition to traditional secondary prevention measures, innovative anti-inflammatory strategies warrant further investigation.
Symptoms similar to Kleine–Levin syndrome in a patient with basilar artery occlusion: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kong Linghua , Li Chunyan 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionKleine–Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent periodic hypersomnia, cognitive disturbances, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality. Although many factors have been associated with its occurrence, little is known about treatment. Herein, we present a case of symptoms similar to KLS thought to be related to vascular occlusion disease.Case descriptionAn 81-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to recurring episodes of disturbance of consciousness, cognitive disorder, and hyperphagia for 18 years. She was diagnosed with KLS and basilar artery occlusion. Endovascular and antithrombotic therapy was initiated, and her symptoms fully resolved within 2 weeks of treatment initiation.ConclusionKLS has diverse clinical presentations and demonstrates variable therapeutic responses. Vascular disease or blood flow disorder may be one possible factor for this disease. This case underscores the need for further research into the etiology and pathogenesis of KLS to promote evidence-based approaches for its diagnosis and treatment.
Comparative efficacy and hematologic safety of different dosages of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of myelofibrosis: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Ke , Zhang Yanyu , Zou Jixuan , Wang Dehao , Yu Xinyue , Sun Yan , Li Yumeng , Niu Jicong , Chen Yi , Zhao Pei , Liu Weiyi , Lv Yan , Wang Mingjing , Hu Xiaomei 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundMyelofibrosis (MF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by bone marrow fibrosis associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The therapeutic landscape for MF has advanced with the development of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) like ruxolitinib (RUX), fedratinib (FED), pacritinib (PAC), and momelotinib (MMB), aiming to alleviate symptoms and enhance patient comfort.MethodsA network meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of eleven JAKi treatment regimens across nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 2340 participants. Outcomes were evaluated in terms of spleen volume reduction (SVR), total symptom score reduction (TSSR), hematological safety profiles, and overall survival (OS).ResultsRUX and MMB were superior in achieving SVR and TSSR, with significant dose-response relationships observed. PAC and MMB were associated with a decreased risk of grade 3/4 anemia and thrombocytopenia compared to other JAKis. However, no substantial benefits in OS were observed with newer JAKis compared to RUX. The poorer OS outcomes with certain PAC dosages were likely influenced by baseline patient characteristics, particularly severe cytopenias.ConclusionThe introduction of JAKis significantly changed the treatment of MF. This meta-analysis reaffirms the core role of RUX and positions MMB as a potentially powerful alternative for treating symptoms and reducing spleen size. Meanwhile, MMB and PAC have a positive effect on anemia in MF while FED is more tolerable for patients with thrombocytopenia. However, it should be noted that these results are influenced by baseline patient characteristics, particularly cytopenias, which affects both management and overall survival. Therefore, there is an urgent need for personalized dosing strategies to optimize the balance between efficacy and safety, with careful consideration of patient-specific factors.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023424179.
Development and application of a nomogram model for predicting the risk of central precocious puberty in obese girls
Authors: Huang Ren-Hao , Yang Li , Yang Yu , Xu Qing-Bo , Xie Li-Ling , Cao Lan-Fang 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to develop and assess a nomogram risk prediction model for central precocious puberty (CPP) in obese girls.MethodsWe selected 154 cases of obese girls and 765 cases of non-obese girls with precocious puberty (PP) who underwent the gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test at the Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify predictors of progression to CPP in girls with PP. A predictive model was developed and its predictive ability was preliminarily evaluated. The nomogram was used to represent the risk prediction model for CPP in girls with obesity. The model was validated internally using the Bootstrap method, and its efficacy was assessed using calibration curves and clinical decision analysis curves.ResultsIn obese girls with PP, basal luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, as well as uterine volume, were identified as independent risk factors for progression to CPP. In non-obese girls, the basal LH level, bone age, and uterine volume were identified as independent risk factors for progression to CPP. With an AUC of 0.896, the risk prediction model for obese girls, was found to be superior to that for non-obese girls, which had an AUC of 0.810. The model displayed strong predictive accuracy. Additionally, a nomogram was used to illustrate the CPP risk prediction model for obese girls. This model performs well in internal validation and is well calibrated, providing a substantial net benefit for clinical use.ConclusionA medical nomogram model of CPP risk in obese girls comprised of basal LH value, basal FSH value, and uterine volume, which can be used to identify those at high risk for progression of CPP in obese girls and develop individualized prevention programs.
Investigating the therapeutic potential of hesperidin targeting CRISP2 in intervertebral disc degeneration and cancer risk mitigation
Authors: Zhang Hui , Jiang Wei , Jiang Yuqing , Xu Nanwei , Nong Luming , Li Tengfei , Liu Ruiping 
Published: August 2024

Graphical AbstractThe graphic abstract illustrates a study investigating the therapeutic potential of Hesperidin in targeting the CRISP2 gene to treat intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) while mitigating cancer risks associated with estrogen. The workflow begins with differential gene expression and enriched pathway analysis in IDD, breast cancer (BRCA), and estrogen receptor (ER) pathways. An intersection analysis reveals overlapping genes, highlighting CRISP2 as a significant target. Hesperidin emerges as a promising natural metabolic regulator for treating IDD and potentially collaborating with estrogen therapy to improve spinal health while minimizing cancer risks, paving the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.
Coping, connection appraisal, and well-being during COVID-19 in the U.S., Japan, and Mexico
Authors: Benjamin Laurel R. , Wang Shu-wen 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected nearly every facet of life, constituting a “new normal” and prompting an ongoing collective psychological crisis. People’s ways of coping with the pandemic and corresponding well-being are of particular research interest; however, these constructs have largely been examined using deductive quantitative approaches, deficit-based lenses, and mononational samples.MethodsThe current mixed-methods study used inductive-sequential (QUAL → QUAN) approaches to explore positive coping strategies (approach coping style and COVID-related connection appraisal) and well-being (loneliness, distress, and happiness) across individuals from the United States, Japan, and Mexico. Qualitative data were gathered from N = 141 U.S., Japanese, and Mexican adults to examine how people perceived connection during the pandemic.ResultsQualitative analyses illuminated common themes in which people appraised the pandemic as an opportunity for connection and strengthened interpersonal relationships. Quantitative measures, including a newly-developed questionnaire on COVID-related connection appraisal, were then administered to a separate sample of N = 302 adults in the U.S, Japan, and Mexico to assess associations among approach coping style, COVID-related connection appraisal, and well-being outcomes (loneliness, distress, happiness). Quantitative analyses found significant associations among approach coping style, COVID-related connection appraisal, and all well-being outcomes. Of note, these associations did not differ by country. COVID-related connection appraisal mediated the relationship between approach coping style and two well-being outcomes (loneliness and happiness).DiscussionFindings point to approach coping style and connection appraisal as pathways for resilience and growth in the face of global suffering.
The impact of alcohol consumption on the relationship between depression and chronic diarrhea: a cross-sectional study analysis on NHANES (2005-2010)
Authors: Wang Yongsen , Li Xiaotong , Cao Zhiqun , Zhou Yongkun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAlcohol consumption, depression, and chronic diarrhea are all public health issues of concern, with irreversible consequences for individual health and significant economic burdens on health care systems. Previous studies have shown that depression increases the risk of developing chronic diarrhea, but few studies have explored whether alcohol consumption has an effect on the relationship between depression and chronic diarrhea.ObjectiveTo explore the effect of alcohol consumption on the relationship between depression and chronic diarrhea.Methods12,538 adults (≥20 years) in NHANES from 2005-2010 were analyzed. Participants were stratified according to drinking status, and differences between the risk of depression and chronic diarrhea among participants who drank alcohol or not were assessed using multiple regression analysis and likelihood ratio tests.ResultsIn this cross sectional, after adding possible confounders, the prevalence of depression with chronic diarrhea was higher in the drinking population than in the non-drinking population (OR,2.34, 95%CI:1.84-2.98 and 1.26, 95%CI:0.85-1.86), with a likelihood ratio test of P=0.024.ConclusionOur findings suggest that there is a significant association between depression and chronic diarrhea and that alcohol consumption may increase the correlation between depression and chronic diarrhea. However, these findings require further prospective studies to provide more evidence.
Ectopic pregnancy, its potential links to dementia risk and interactions with depression: insights from a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yao Chia-Yi , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Chien Wu-Chien , Li Sung-Tao , Lee Siou-Ting , Huang Chih-Chung , Yang Chuan-Chi , Tzeng Nian-Sheng 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundDementia poses a growing global mental health impact, with variations in prevalence by gender, possibly influenced by reproductive factors. Ectopic pregnancy (EP), known for its association with cardiovascular diseases and depression, which are also predictors of dementia, prompted an exploration of their interplay.MethodsUsing Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, this nationwide cohort study examined 53,096 individuals to investigate the link between EP and dementia. Covariates included age, insured premiums, comorbidity by Charlson Comorbidity Index revised by excluding dementia, level of care, and residence. Surgical approaches, number of EP episodes, and dementia subtypes were considered in outcomes analysis using Cox regression.ResultsAmong 13,274 women diagnosed with EP, 791 developed dementia over a 15-year follow-up, particularly vascular dementia. Adjusting for the covariates, the adjusted sub-distribution Hazard Ratio (asHR) with competing risks was 1.644 (95% CI, 1.394–2.053; p &lt; 0.001). For patients with more than one episode, it was even higher (asHR=1.670 [95% CI, 1.419–2.092; p &lt; 0.001]). Post-ectopic depression, prevalent in 62.2% within four weeks, was associated with a greater dementia risk compared to those without (asHR=1.702 [95% CI, 1.444-2.125; p&lt;0.001] vs. asHR=1.551 [95%CI, 1.310-1.937; p&lt;0.001]). Antidepressant treatments showed a partial protective effect, reducing the increased risk by 14.7%.ConclusionAn EP history is linked to an earlier onset and a higher risk of overall dementia, VaD in particular, in a dose dependent manner, regardless of surgical intervention and stroke. Post-ectopic depression exacerbates dementia risk, while antidepressants offer partial protection. These findings underscore the potential benefit of screening and treating depression in women following EPs.
Is the brightness- contrast level of virtual reality videos significant for visually induced motion sickness? Experimental real-time biosensor and self-report analysis
Authors: Ugur Emel , Konukseven Bahriye Ozlem , Ergen Mehmet , Aksoy Mehmet Emin , Yoner Serhat Ilgaz 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundVirtual reality is no longer created solely with design graphics. Real life 360° videos created with special shooting techniques are now offered as open access to users’ experience. As a result, this widespread use of VR systems has increased the incidence of visually induced motion sickness.ObjectiveIn the present study, we aimed to investigate impact of brightness-contrast levels of real-life 360° videos on susceptibility to visually induced motion sickness during immersive virtual reality headset viewing.MethodsIn this study, 360° real-world day and night driving videos publicly available on YouTube VR were used as stimuli. Stimuli were presented in 2-min segments. Electrodermal activity was recorded throughout the stimulus presentation, and SSQ was administered immediately afterward.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the experiments in terms of dermal activity. There is a statistically significant difference in total SSQ scores and in symptoms of fatigue, eye strain, head fullness, blurred vision, and dizziness (p &lt; 0.005; p &lt; 0.01) after then the night video.ConclusionThe present study examined the likely impact of brightness and contrast levels in VR environments on VIMS provocation.