bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using cocrystallization coefficients of isomorphous admixtures for determination of element concentrations in ore-forming solutions (by the example of Mn/Fe ratio in magnetite)
Authors: Tauson V.L. , Smagunov N.V. , Lipko S.V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The cocrystallization coefficient of Mn and Fe (DMn/Fe) in magnetite crystals is determined in hydrothermal-growth experiments with internal sampling at 450 and 500 °C and 100 MPa (1 kbar). It is weakly dependent on temperature in the studied PT-region and is constant over a wide range of Mn/Fe values. This permits using the magnetite composition as an indicator of Mn/Fe in the fluid under equilibrium: (Mn/Fe)aq ≈ 100 (Mn/Fe)mt. Since Mn is often a macrocomponent of the fluid and a microcomponent of magnetite, local analysis of fluid inclusions for Mn might help to determine Fe even in iron minerals. This will permit evaluation of the contents of other ore metals if the DMe/Fe values are known. For fine crystals (&lt; 0.1–0.2 mm) with low contents of Mn (&lt; 0.01–0.02%), it is necessary to take into account the fractionation of Mn into the surficial nonautonomous phase, in which its content can reach several percent. Comparison of these data with earlier data on the distribution of Mn in the system magnetite–pyrite–pyrrhotite–greenockite–hydrothermal solution shows that DMn/Fe remains constant in the presence of sulfur and sulfides. Precipitation of magnetite, in which Mn is a compatible admixture, cannot affect radically Mn/Fe in the solution because of the low DMn/Fe value. This effect is still more unlikely for pyrrhotite and pyrite, in which Mn is an incompatible admixture. The most probable mechanism of Mn fractionation into the solid phase is crystallization of FeOOH at lower temperatures. This is indirectly supported by the strong fractionation of Mn into the nonautonomous oxyhydroxide phase on the surface of magnetite crystals. The necessity of a more rigorous validation of “the new Fe/Mn geothermometer for hydrothermal systems” is substantiated.
Sources of gallium in ferromanganese crusts from the Sea of Japan
Authors: Mikhailik P.E. , Mikhailik E.V. , Blokhin M.G. , Zarubina N.V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Possible sources of gallium in hydrothermal-sedimentary ferromanganese crusts of the Belyaevsky Seamount (Central Basin, Sea of Japan) are considered. Studies with successive selective leaching have shown that ~ 80% of Ga are present in the manganese fraction. The Changbaishan Volcano ash with up to 35.3 ppm Ga has been found in the marine sediment column located in the immediate vicinity of the Belyaevsky Seamount. This suggests that Ga of the Fe–Mn crusts of the seamount was supplied with the ash of volcanic rocks containing up to 300 ppm Ga.
Electron probe microanalysis of minerals: Microanalyzer or scanning electron microscope?
Authors: Lavrent’ev Yu.G. , Karmanov N.S. , Usova L.V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The results of electron probe microanalysis of several rock-forming minerals by wavelength-dispersive spectrometry (WDS) and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) are compared, and the metrological characteristics of both methods are studied. The measurements were made with the use of a JXA-8100 (JEOL) microanalyzer with five wavelength-dispersive spectrometers and a MIRA 3 LMU (Tescan) scanning electron microscope equipped with an INCA Energy 450 XMax 80 (Oxford Instruments) microanalysis system. Specimens with olivine, garnet, pyroxene, ilmenite, and Cr-spinel grains were analyzed.
The variation coefficients that characterize the repeatability of a single determination are found to be ~ 0.5% for WDS and ~ 0.9% for EDS in the compositional range of the main components (C &gt; 10%). For minor components (1% &lt; C &lt; 10%), the variation coefficients are 1.4% and 3.0%, respectively, and for impurities (0.3% &lt; C &lt; 1%), 2.7% and 13%, respectively. For lower contents EDS is almost inapplicable. The ratio of the results obtained by the two methods is reproduced with high precision: For major components, the variation coefficient is 0.56%; for minor components, 1.7%; and even for impurities, it is ~ 8%. The magnitude of the bias is between 0.2 and 3.2 rel.%, which is acceptable.
The results show that the accuracies of WDS and EDS are similar for measuring major and minor components of rock-forming minerals. Energy-dispersive spectrometry is inferior to wavelength-dispersive spectrometry for impurities and is completely inapplicable for still lower contents. This method is easier to implement, and the results are available soon after switching on the instrument. Wavelength-dispersive spectrometry needs more time for preparation, but it ensures a precise high-efficiency large-scale analysis of samples of similar compositions, even when the element contents are lower than 1%.
The Upper Jurassic of the Laptev Sea: interregional correlations and paleoenvironments
Authors: Nikitenko B.L. , Knyazev V.G. , Peshchevitskaya E.B. , Glinskikh L.A. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The Late Jurassic evolution of Boreal and Arctic basins is reflected in the widespread deposition of organic-rich black shales (source rocks). In this connection, the priority should be placed on the development and refinement of zonal schemes for the Upper Jurassic of the Laptev Sea coast based on ammonites, foraminifers, ostracods, dinocysts, and spores and pollen from reference sections as the basis for stratigraphic, paleogeographic, and facies studies. The Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous reference section of interest is located on the left side of the Anabar Bay of the Laptev Sea (Nordvik Peninsula, Urdyuk-Khaya Cape). An uninterrupted and continuous section from Upper Oxfordian to Lower Valanginian is exposed in coastal cliffs and consists mainly of silty clay deposits with abundant macro- and microfossils. A reliable biostratigraphic subdivision of the Upper Jurassic interval of this section was taken as the basis for the assessment of the correlation potential of different fossil groups and subsequent interregional correlations, facies analysis, and detailed paleogeographic reconstructions of the study area. The analysis of variations in the composition of macrobenthic communities and microphytoplankton and terrestrial palynomorph assemblages and the biofacies analysis allowed the reconstruction of the evolution of marine paleoenvironmental settings in the western part of the Anabar–Lena sea and in the terrestrial settings in the adjacent land area of Siberia.
Forward modeling and inversion of LWD induction data
Authors: Epov M.I. , Glinskikh V.N. , Sukhorukova K.V. , Nikitenko M.N. , Eremin V.N. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The processing algorithms for high-frequency induction resistivity data are applied to logs acquired at different stages of well construction. Open-hole induction logging while reaming of vertical wells provides a priori information on geology and resistivity distribution. The resulting resistivity model can make reference in geosteering for deviated and horizontal drilling. Algorithms for inversion of high-frequency induction responses from layered media are used in a software package for processing LWD data. The software provides real-time inversion to recover resistivities and depths to layers in oil and gas reservoirs penetrated by wells of a complex trajectory. It also allows checking the inversion quality by analyzing the sensitivity of tool responses to model parameters with reference to the tool specifications.
Effect of local soil conditions on dynamic ground response in the southern coast of Izmir Bay, Turkey
Authors: Kuruoglu M. , Eskisar T. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The city of Izmir, located at the western end of Turkey, has experienced many strong earthquakes throughout its history. The southern coast of Izmir Bay, one of the most densely populated areas of Izmir, is located on deep alluvial sediments. It is important to determine the effect of local soil conditions on dynamic ground response in the study area, where thick loose water-saturated alluvial sediments exist. A database including geotechnical and geological information on the study area is constructed. Majority of the site is classified as D and E according to NEHRP provisions. Dynamic site response analyses are performed with EERA by utilizing the field and laboratory test results and earthquake time histories of moderate-scale earthquakes such as 1977 Izmir (ML = 5.3), 2003 Urla (Md = 5.6), and 2005 Uzunkuyu-Urla (ML = 5.9), which occurred in and nearby Izmir. In addition, a scenario ground motion generated by the Izmir Fault with a magnitude of 6.5, having an average distance of 10 km to the study area, is also considered. The output data obtained from the dynamic site response analyses are evaluated, and maps displaying variation in dynamic parameters on ground surface are prepared for the southern coast of Izmir Bay, Turkey. Consequently, the dynamic analyses performed with the soil models constituted for the study area verified the damage occurred in a close distance event of 1977 Izmir earthquake. The scenario earthquake resulted in peak ground accelerations more than 0.6g at the eastern and western ends of the study area. However, long distance events resulted in spectral amplifications by up to 5 times. With this study, it is emphasized that local soil conditions should be evaluated individually in the area of interest. Generation of a site-specific design spectrum is recommended for the areas located on deep alluvial sediments.
Soya products and serum lipids: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Tokede Oluwabunmi A. , Onabanjo Temilola A. , Yansane Alfa , Gaziano J. Michael , Djoussé Luc 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSoya proteins and isoflavones have been reported to exert beneficial effects on the serum lipid profile. More recently, this claim is being challenged. The objective of this study was to comprehensively examine the effects of soya consumption on the lipid profile using published trials. A detailed literature search was conducted via MEDLINE (from 2004 through February 2014), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register) andClinicalTrials.govfor randomised controlled trials assessing the effects of soya on the lipid profile. The primary effect measure was the difference in means of the final measurements between the intervention and control groups. In all, thirty-five studies (fifty comparisons) were included in our analyses. Treatment duration ranged from 4 weeks to 1 year. Intake of soya products resulted in a significant reduction in serum LDL-cholesterol concentration, –4·83 (95 % CI –7·34, –2·31) mg/dl, TAG, –4·92 (95 % CI –7·79, –2·04) mg/dl, and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations, –5·33 (95 % CI –8·35, –2·30) mg/dl. There was also a significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol concentration, 1·40 (95 % CI 0·58, 2·23) mg/dl. TheI2statistic ranged from 92 to 99 %, indicating significant heterogeneity. LDL reductions were more marked in hypercholesterolaemic patients, –7·47 (95 % CI –11·79, –3·16) mg/dl, than in healthy subjects, –2·96 (95 % CI –5·28, –0·65) mg/dl. LDL reduction was stronger when whole soya products (soya milk, soyabeans and nuts) were used as the test regimen, –11·06 (95 % CI –15·74, –6·37) mg/dl, as opposed to when ‘processed’ soya extracts, –3·17 (95 % CI –5·75, –0·58) mg/dl, were used. These data are consistent with the beneficial effects of soya proteins on serum LDL, HDL, TAG and TC concentrations. The effect was stronger in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Whole soya foods appeared to be more beneficial than soya supplementation, whereas isoflavone supplementation had no effects on the lipid profile.
Smoothings of Fano Varieties With Normal Crossing Singularities
Authors: Tziolas Nikolaos 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis paper obtains criteria for a Fano variety X defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero with normal crossing singularities to be smoothable. In particular, we show that X is smoothable by a flat deformation X → Δ with smooth total space X if and only if where D is the singular locus of X.
Age of Tertiary volcanic rocks on the West Greenland continental margin: volcanic evolution and event correlation to other parts of the North Atlantic Igneous Province
Authors: LARSEN LOTTE M. , PEDERSEN ASGER K. , TEGNER CHRISTIAN , DUNCAN ROBERT A. , HALD NIELS , LARSEN JØRGEN G. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRadiometric ages for undated parts of the volcanic succession and intrusions in West Greenland were obtained by the40Ar–39Ar incremental heating method. Acceptable crystallization ages were obtained for 27 samples. Combined with published results the new data provide a volcanic stratigraphy correlatable throughout the Nuussuaq Basin. The thick onshore volcanic pile consists of four widespread formations: 62.5–61 Ma picrites (Vaigat Formation), 61–60 Ma depleted basalts (Maligât Formation and the Hellefisk-1 well), 60–58 Ma less-depleted basalts (Svartenhuk Formation) and 56–54 Ma enriched basalts (Naqerloq Formation). Two local successions comprise 53.5 Ma alkali basalts (Erqua Formation) and 38.7 Ma transitional basalts (Talerua Member). A central volcano developed on Ubekendt Ejland, leading to the Sarqâta qáqâ gabbro-granophyre intrusion at 57–55 Ma. Pre-break-up volcanism took place further south as early as 64–63 Ma. The offshore volcanic succession most probably comprises the known onshore succession plus some younger lavas. The change in spreading direction near the Paleocene–Eocene boundary took place west of the Nuussuaq Basinc.56.2 Ma. Some tectonomagmatic events are correlatable across the entire North Atlantic Igneous Province. A quiescent 58–56 Ma period correlates with similar periods in East Greenland and the Faroes, and the Naqerloq Formation is coeval with the Eocene basalts in East Greenland. The Paleocene and Eocene tholeiitic basalts are distinguishable chemically; in early Eocene time, mantle typical of the Iceland plume seems to have extended beneath the whole West Greenland margin as well as the central East Greenland margin.
Two new species of Rhinebothrium (Cestoda: Rhinebothriidea) from granulated guitarfish Glaucostegusgranulatus in the Gulf of Oman
Authors: Golestaninasab M. , Malek M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDuring a study of the rhinebothriideans of rays in the Gulf of Oman, two new species of Rhinebothrium Linton, 1890, Rhinebothrium kruppi sp. n. and R. persicum sp. n., were identified in Glaucostegus granulatus (Cuvier). Some significant features that distinguish R.kruppi sp. n. from R. persicum sp. n. include: scolex characteristics (hinged with 42–46 loculi vs. fusiform with 68–62 loculi), number of testes (4–5 vs. 20–27), genital pore position (61.1–76.9% of proglottid length vs. 47.2–63.3%), ovarian morphology (lobulated vs. follicular), cirrus-sac expansion (past midline of proglottid vs. limited to poral side of proglottid), vas deferens configuration (spanning posteriorly to near ovarian isthmus vs. to the level of ovarian anterior margins) and details of microthrix morphology. In addition, a combination of the aforementioned characteristics can be used to distinguish these two new species from other valid species of Rhinebothrium. These are the first species of rhinebothriidean cestodes to be described systematically from the Gulf of Oman, Iran. The two new species reported here increase the number of valid species of Rhinebothrium to 43.
The Contraband Slave Trade to Brazil and the Dynamics of US Participation, 1831–1856
Authors: MARQUES LEONARDO 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis article explores the US contribution to the illegal transatlantic slave trade to Brazil and the tensions generated by this hemispheric connection in the mid-nineteenth century. It combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, based on diplomatic records and Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, in order to assess the size and variety of forms of US participation in the traffic to Brazil. More generally, the article examines the tensions caused by the rise of abolitionism and the limits to the enforcement of anti-slave trade legislation in the free trade international environment that emerged after the Napoleonic Wars. By framing the attitudes of the US government within a broader Atlantic context, this work shows why certain forms of US participation in the contraband slave trade (such as providing US-built ships) became more predominant than others (such as directly financing and organising slave voyages) by the mid-nineteenth century.
Helping Aged Victims of Crime (the HAVoC Study): Common Crime, Older People and Mental Illness – ERRATUM
Authors: Serfaty Marc , Ridgewell Anna , Drennan Vari , Brewin Chris R. , Wright Anwen , Laycock Gloria , Blanchard Martin 
Published: August 2015

The author list previously published for this article was incomplete when received by the journal. It should also have included Gerard Leavey, University College London, UK, as an author, as follows:Marc Serfaty, Anna Ridgewell, Vari Drennan, Chris R. Brewin, Gerard Leavey, Anwen Wright, Gloria Laycock, Martin Blanchard.
Die Düsseldorfer Orthorexie Skala–Konstruktion und Evaluation eines Fragebogens zur Erfassung ortho-rektischen Ernährungsverhaltens
Authors: Barthels Friederike , Meyer Frank , Pietrowsky Reinhard 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Orthorektisches Ernährungsverhalten bezeichnet eine Fixierung auf gesunde Ernährung, die mit psychischen, körperlichen und sozialen Beeinträchtigungen einhergehen kann. Fragestellung: Konstruktion und Evaluation eines Messinstruments zur Erfassung orthorektischen Ernährungsverhaltens. Methode: Konstruktion der Düsseldorfer Orthorexie Skala (DOS, 10 Items) in einem mehrstufigen item- und faktorenanalytischen Selektionsprozess, Evaluation an einer Stichprobe von 1 340 Probanden. Ergebnisse: Reliabilität (Cronbachs α = .84) sowie Retest-Reliabilität (r = .79) liegen im guten Bereich. Hinweise zur Validität der Skala liefern Korrelationen mit Selbsteinschätzung des Essverhaltens als gesund (r = .21) und mit subjektiver Bedeutsamkeit gesunder Ernährung (r = .42). Schlussfolgerungen: Die ermittelte Prävalenz orthorektischen Ernährungsverhaltens fällt in der untersuchten Stichprobe mit 3 % deutlich niedriger aus als Prävalenzschätzungen in früheren Untersuchungen.
Exploring the role of MKK7 in excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia: a novel pharmacological strategy against brain injury
Authors: Vercelli A , Biggi S , Sclip A , Repetto I E , Cimini S , Falleroni F , Tomasi S , Monti R , Tonna N , Morelli F , Grande V , Stravalaci M , Biasini E , Marin O , Bianco F , di Marino D , Borsello T 
Published: August 2015

AbstractExcitotoxicity following cerebral ischemia elicits a molecular cascade, which leads to neuronal death. c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) has a key role in excitotoxic cell death. We have previously shown that JNK inhibition by a specific cell-permeable peptide significantly reduces infarct size and neuronal death in an in vivo model of cerebral ischemia. However, systemic inhibition of JNK may have detrimental side effects, owing to blockade of its physiological function. Here we designed a new inhibitor peptide (growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45β (GADD45β-I)) targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 (MKK7), an upstream activator of JNK, which exclusively mediates JNK’s pathological activation. GADD45β-I was engineered by optimizing the domain of the GADD45β, able to bind to MKK7, and by linking it to the TAT peptide sequence, to allow penetration of biological membranes. Our data clearly indicate that GADD45β-I significantly reduces neuronal death in excitotoxicity induced by either N-methyl-D-aspartate exposure or by oxygen–glucose deprivation in vitro. Moreover, GADD45β-I exerted neuroprotection in vivo in two models of ischemia, obtained by electrocoagulation and by thromboembolic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAo). Indeed, GADD45β-I reduced the infarct size when injected 30 min before the lesion in both models. The peptide was also effective when administrated 6 h after lesion, as demonstrated in the electrocoagulation model. The neuroprotective effect of GADD45β-I is long lasting; in fact, 1 week after MCAo the infarct volume was still reduced by 49%. Targeting MKK7 could represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemia and other pathologies involving MKK7/JNK activation. Moreover, this new inhibitor can be useful to further dissect the physiological and pathological role of the JNK pathway in the brain.
Slow-growing cells within isogenic populations have increased RNA polymerase error rates and DNA damage
Authors: van Dijk David , Dhar Riddhiman , Missarova Alsu M. , Espinar Lorena , Blevins William R. , Lehner Ben , Carey Lucas B. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIsogenic cells show a large degree of variability in growth rate, even when cultured in the same environment. Such cell-to-cell variability in growth can alter sensitivity to antibiotics, chemotherapy and environmental stress. To characterize transcriptional differences associated with this variability, we have developed a method—FitFlow—that enables the sorting of subpopulations by growth rate. The slow-growing subpopulation shows a transcriptional stress response, but, more surprisingly, these cells have reduced RNA polymerase fidelity and exhibit a DNA damage response. As DNA damage is often caused by oxidative stress, we test the addition of an antioxidant, and find that it reduces the size of the slow-growing population. More generally, we find a significantly altered transcriptome in the slow-growing subpopulation that only partially resembles that of cells growing slowly due to environmental and culture conditions. Slow-growing cells upregulate transposons and express more chromosomal, viral and plasmid-borne transcripts, and thus explore a larger genotypic—and so phenotypic — space.
p75NTR-dependent activation of NF-κB regulates microRNA-503 transcription and pericyte–endothelial crosstalk in diabetes after limb ischaemia
Authors: Caporali Andrea , Meloni Marco , Nailor Audrey , Mitić Tijana , Shantikumar Saran , Riu Federica , Sala-Newby Graciela B. , Rose Lorraine , Besnier Marie , Katare Rajesh , Voellenkle Christine , Verkade Paul , Martelli Fabio , Madeddu Paolo , Emanueli Costanza 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe communication between vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes in the microvasculature is fundamental for vascular growth and homeostasis; however, these processes are disrupted by diabetes. Here we show that modulation of p75NTRexpression in ECs exposed to high glucose activates transcription of miR-503, which negatively affects pericyte function. p75NTRactivates NF-κB to bind the miR-503 promoter and upregulate miR-503 expression in ECs. NF-κB further induces activation of Rho kinase and shedding of endothelial microparticles carrying miR-503, which transfer miR-503 from ECs to vascular pericytes. The integrin-mediated uptake of miR-503 in the recipient pericytes reduces expression ofEFNB2andVEGFA, resulting in impaired migration and proliferation. We confirm operation of the above mechanisms in mouse models of diabetes, in which EC-derived miR-503 reduces pericyte coverage of capillaries, increased permeability and impaired post-ischaemic angiogenesis in limb muscles. Collectively, our data demonstrate that miR-503 regulates pericyte–endothelial crosstalk in microvascular diabetic complications.