bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embracing Robotics in Microsurgery: Robotic-Assisted Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Choe Joshua , Aiello Christopher , Yom Jina , Minasian Raquel A. , Sugiyama Gainosuke , Smith Mark L. , Selber Jesse C. , Tanna Neil 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe integration of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has transformed various surgical disciplines, including more recently plastic surgery. While RAS has gained acceptance in multiple specialties, its integration in plastic surgery has been gradual, challenging traditional open methods. Robotic-assisted deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction is a technique aimed at overcoming drawbacks associated with the traditional open DIEP flap approach. These limitations include a relatively large fascial incision length, potentially increasing rates of postoperative pain, abdominal bulge, hernia rates, and core weakening. The robotic-assisted DIEP flap technique emerges as an innovative and advantageous approach in fascial-sparing abdominal autologous breast reconstruction. While acknowledging certain challenges such as increased operative time, ongoing refinements are expected to further improve the overall surgical experience, optimize results, and solidify the role of robotics in advancing reconstructive microsurgical procedures in plastic surgery. Herein, the authors provide an overview of robotic surgery in the context of plastic surgery and its role in the DIEP flap harvest for breast reconstruction.
A Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes Based on Muscle versus Fasciocutaneous Flaps in Scalp Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Stanton Eloise W. , Pekcan Asli , Roohani Idean , Choe Deborah , Carey Joseph N. , Daar David A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Scalp reconstruction in plastic and reconstructive surgery often necessitates the transfer of soft-tissue flaps to restore form and function. The critical decision lies in choosing between muscle-containing (MC) and fasciocutaneous (FC) flaps for scalp reconstruction, and while both variants have their merits, flap composition remains a subject of ongoing debate. This scientific discussion aims to explore this contentious issue through a comprehensive meta-analysis, shedding light on the rationale behind the choice of these flaps and the potential impact on clinical outcomes.
Methods A comprehensive systematic review was conducted following PRISMA-P guidelines, encompassing six prominent databases up to the year 2023. Data were collected from studies assessing outcomes of MC and FC flaps for scalp reconstruction. Quality evaluation was performed using ASPS criteria and the ROBINS-I tool. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and assessment of bias using STATA software.
Results The meta-analysis included 28 nonrandomized studies, totaling 594 flaps (MC: 380, FC: 214). MC flaps were significantly larger than FC flaps. There were no significant differences in flap loss, flap necrosis, or wound dehiscence between the two flap types. However, the incidence of venous congestion was significantly higher in FC flaps. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of results, and publication bias assessment showed no significant evidence of bias.
Conclusion While both MC and FC flaps offer viable options for scalp reconstruction, the choice should be tailored to individual patient characteristics and defect size. FC flaps may provide advantages such as shorter operative times and reduced morbidity, whereas MC flaps could be preferred for addressing larger defects. Future research should focus on prospective studies and strategies to mitigate venous congestion in FC flaps, enhancing their safety and efficacy in scalp reconstruction.
Angiosome-Guided Perfusion Decellularization of Fasciocutaneous Flaps
Authors: Yang Liya , Bai Xueshan , Liu Yuanbo , Zhu Shan , Li Shanshan , Chen Zixiang , Han Tinglu , Jin Shengyang , Zang Mengqing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Tissue engineering based on whole-organ perfusion decellularization has successfully generated small-animal organs, including the heart and limbs. Herein, we aimed to use angiosome-guided perfusion decellularization to develop an acellular fasciocutaneous flap matrix with an intact vascular network.
Methods Abdominal flaps of rats were harvested, and the vascular pedicle (iliac artery and vein) was dissected and injected with methylene blue to identify the angiosome region and determine the flap dimension for harvesting. To decellularize flaps, the iliac artery was perfused sequentially with 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), deionized water, and 1% Triton-X100. Gross morphology, histology, and DNA quantity of flaps were then obtained. Flaps were also subjected to glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and hydroxyproline content assays and computed tomography angiography.
Results Histological assessment indicated that cellular content was completely removed in all flap layers following a 10-hour perfusion in SDS. DNA quantification confirmed 81% DNA removal. Based on biochemical assays, decellularized flaps had hydroxyproline content comparable with that of native flaps, although significantly fewer GAGs (p = 0.0019). Histology and computed tomography angiography illustrated the integrity and perfusability of the vascular system.
Conclusion The proposed angiosome-guided perfusion decellularization protocol could effectively remove cellular content from rat fasciocutaneous flaps and preserve the integrity of innate vascular networks.
Elevating Lower Extremity Reconstruction: An Algorithmic Approach to Free Flap Re-elevation
Authors: Nye Jessica R. , Mitchell David T. , Talanker Michael T. , Hopkins David C. , Wang Ellen , Obinero Chioma G. , Barrera Jose E. , Greives Matthew R. , Wu-Fienberg Yuewei , Bhadkamkar Mohin A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Free flap (FF) reconstruction is frequently required for soft-tissue coverage after significant orthopaedic trauma of the lower extremity (LE). While usually the final step in limb salvage, re-elevation of the previously inset FF may be necessary to restore a functional limb. In this study, we present our algorithm for LE FF re-elevation and review our experience to identify factors associated with successful limb salvage and return to ambulation.
Methods A retrospective, single-institution review was conducted of adult patients with LE wounds who required FF reconstruction from 2016 to 2021. From this cohort, patients who required re-elevation of their LE FF were identified. Successful FF re-elevation was defined by limb salvage and return to ambulation.
Results During the study period, 412 patients with LE wounds required flap reconstruction. Of these patients, 205 (49.8%) underwent free tissue transfer, and 39 (9.5%) met our inclusion criteria. From this cohort, 34 had successful FF re-elevation, while 1 was non–weight bearing and 4 were elected for amputation due to chronic complications unrelated to their FF. Univariate analysis revealed the total number of FF re-elevations (p < 0.001), the frequency of re-elevation indicated for orthopaedic access (p < 0.001), and infections necessitating return to the operating room (p = 0.001) were each negatively associated with limb salvage and return to ambulation.
Conclusion The described algorithm highlights the preoperative planning and meticulous flap preservation necessary for the successful coverage of critical structures following FF re-elevation. Our data demonstrate that LE FFs can be safely re-elevated for hardware access or flap revision. In these complex cases of LE trauma, management by a multidisciplinary team is essential for successful limb salvage.
Impact of Resident and Attending Surgeon Training Level on Free Tissue Transfer Ischemia Time and Complications
Authors: Porter Brooke E. , Anderson Thalia C. , Ash Angela S. , Langsdon Sarah E. , Zelle Leanna M. , Willson Thomas D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Microsurgical free tissue transfer has become an essential method for reconstruction of complex surgical defects, making the level of training an important factor to consider. There is little published regarding the impact of training level on microsurgical outcomes. This study investigates microsurgical free tissue transfer ischemia time and postoperative complications based on resident and attending surgeon experience level.
Methods A retrospective review of all free flaps at a single institution from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2021 was performed. Linear regression was performed analyzing ischemia time of 497 free flaps and attending surgeon experience defined by years in practice and resident level defined as postgraduate year (PGY). Logistic regression model was used to analyze complications based on attending experience and resident level.
Results The average resident PGY was 3.5 ± 0.8; the average attending has been practicing for 6.4 ± 5.1 years. There was no statistically significant difference in ischemia time or complication rates based on resident PGY or attending surgeon experience level.
Conclusion Lower PGY residents were not found to increase ischemia time or increase complication rates. Lower attending surgeon year was not found to increase ischemia time or increase complication rates compared with surgeons who had been practicing for longer. Microsurgical free tissue transfer is considered a safe procedure in residency training and trainee involvement should be encouraged to improve resident education and enhance technical skills.
Transabdominal Robotic Harvest of Bilateral DIEP Pedicles in Breast Reconstruction: Technique and Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Murariu Daniel , Chen Brian , Bailey Elizabeth , Nelson William , Fortunato Richard , Nosik Stanislav , Moreira Andrea 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap is the gold standard for autologous breast reconstruction. However, the conventional procedure's anterior sheath division, from perforating vessels to the pedicle origin, risks weakening the abdominal wall's primary strength layer. Employing the da Vinci Xi Surgical System with indocyanine green dye and near-infrared fluorescence imaging, we refined a robotic technique for bilateral DIEP flap harvest. This approach enhances safety during vessel dissection, utilizing smaller fascial incisions. This study will present this technique in detail to microsurgeons interested in robotic DIEP flaps.
Methods In a retrospective cohort study spanning July 2021 to September 2022, female patients undergoing robotic bilateral DIEP flap reconstruction were analyzed. Following suprafascial flap dissection, the surgical robot was docked to target the pelvis, identifying and exposing deep inferior epigastric vessels intracorporeally. Mobilization and division occurred at their bases, with retrieval through a minimal anterior fascial incision, minimizing disruption to the abdominal wall and its motor innervation.
Results The study comprised 23 patients (46 flaps), with a mean fascial length of 4.1 cm and mean pedicle length of 12.82 cm. Mesh usage was absent. Robotic time averaged 139 minutes, overall case length was 739 minutes, and the average length of stay was 3.9 days. Notably, no pedicle or intra-abdominal injuries were reported.
Conclusion This technique ensures safe and efficient pedicle dissection in robotic DIEP flap harvests. Given the limited number of plastic surgeons adept in minimally invasive abdominal surgeries, we recommend collaborative efforts, with general surgeons initially assisting microsurgeons in adopting the robotic approach. This strategy facilitates a smooth transition until plastic surgeons attain confidence and competence in independent robotic dissection.
Platelets in Vascular Calcification: A Comprehensive Review of Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles, Protein Interactions, Platelet Function Indices, and their Impact on Cellular Crosstalk
Authors: He Yi , Zhang Qiongyue , Pan Lina , Yang Hao , Liu Tao , Bei Junjie , Peter Karlheinz , Hu Houyuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVascular calcification (VC) commonly accompanies the development of atherosclerosis, defined by the accumulation of calcium in the arterial wall, potentially leading to stroke and myocardial infarction. Severe and unevenly distributed calcification poses challenges for interventional procedures, elevating the risks of vascular dissection, acute vascular occlusion, restenosis, and other major adverse cardiovascular events. Platelets promote the development of atherosclerosis by secreting various inflammatory mediators, regulating cell migration, aggregation, adhesion, and initiating and expanding inflammatory responses. There is emerging evidence that platelets play a direct role in VC; however, this novel concept has not yet been critically assessed. This review describes the intricate mechanisms by which platelets promote VC, focusing on three key aspects and the potential opportunities for their therapeutic targeting: extracellular vesicles, platelet-regulatory proteins, and indices related to platelet function.
Platelet-Type von Willebrand Disease: Complex Pathophysiology and Insights on Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Strategies
Authors: Fu Anne , Kazmirchuk Thomas D.D. , Bradbury-Jost Calvin , Golshani Ashkan , Othman Maha 
Published: August 2024

Abstractvon Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common well-studied genetic bleeding disorder worldwide. Much less is known about platelet-type VWD (PT-VWD), a rare platelet function defect, and a “nonidentical” twin bleeding phenotype to type 2B VWD (2B-VWD). Rather than a defect in the von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene, PT-VWD is caused by a platelet GP1BA mutation leading to a hyperaffinity of the glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) platelet surface receptor for VWF, and thus increased platelet clearing and high-molecular-weight VWF multimer elimination. Nine GP1BA gene mutations are known. It is historically believed that this enhanced binding was enabled by the β-switch region of GPIbα adopting an extended β-hairpin form. Recent evidence suggests the pathological conformation that destabilizes the compact triangular form of the R-loop—the GPIbα protein's region for VWF binding. PT-VWD is often misdiagnosed as 2B-VWD, even the though distinction between the two is crucial for proper treatment, as the former requires platelet transfusions, while the latter requires VWF/FVIII concentrate administration. Nevertheless, these PT-VWD treatments remain unsatisfactory, owing to their high cost, low availability, risk of alloimmunity, and the need to carefully balance platelet administration. Antibodies such as 6B4 remain undependable as an alternative therapy due to their questionable efficacy and high costs for this purpose. On the other hand, synthetic peptide therapeutics developed with In-Silico Protein Synthesizer to disrupt the association between GPIbα and VWF show preliminary promise as a therapy based on in vitro experiments. Such peptides could serve as an effective diagnostic technology for discriminating between 2B-VWD and PT-VWD, or potentially all forms of VWD, based on their high specificity. This field is rapidly growing and the current review sheds light on the complex pathology and some novel potential therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
Lived experiences of sexual minorities in their achievement of leadership and psychosocial well-being in organizational settings
Authors: Della Torre Renata , Pereira Henrique 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe lack of studies on LGBTQIA+ people in leadership positions constitutes an investigative gap, which seems contradictory given that 7–15% of the population identifies with part of this community. The present study aimed to describe and explore the narratives of sexual minorities in leadership positions in Brazil and Portugal by comparing the two contexts and analyzing the psychological implications and well-being of this notably underrepresented population. To achieve that, a qualitative study was developed through an electronic interview, from which we obtained 45 participants, from which it was possible to identify 11 regular themes (LGBTQIA+ negativity, Health Impacts, LGBTQIA+ Identity, Impact of LGBTQIA+ identity on leadership, Intersectionality, Organizational Climate, Professional development, Personal characteristics, Social support, Coping strategies and Inspirational leadership). LGBTQIA+ negativity emerged as the most frequently mentioned theme. The results show that people still use avoidance mechanisms or counterfeit their LGBTQIA+ identity at work, while there are people who choose to have their LGBTQIA+ identity visible and use this as a tool to break heterosexist patterns, promoting equality and respect in the organizational environment through a queer leadership. It was possible to analyze the practices of leaders through the lens of queer theory, and we were able to observe that sexual minorities in Portugal and Brazil are united not only by language but also by similar experiences marked by discrimination and challenges, generating a major psychological impact. Despite these difficulties, these leaders tend to use their personal principles, showing characteristics of authentic leadership.
Quantum Fisher information in acceleration parallel to a planar wall
Authors: Yang Ying , Fu Xiangyun , Jing Jiliang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, we devote to understand how boundaries can help improve parameter estimation against atomic decoherence and dissipation caused by relativistic motion. The system we considered is a two-level atom in uniform linear acceleration parallel to a planar wall in (3+1)-dimensional Minkowski spacetime, which is coupled to a massless scalar field with Dirichlet, Neumann or transparent boundary conditions at the wall. We find that the quantum Fisher information (QFI), which determines the ultimate estimation precision, depends on various factors, such as atomic motional trajectories, evolution time, atomic initial state, and the boundary condition. We identify the optimal estimation strategies that maximize the QFI through all the associated parameters, thus optimizing the estimation precision. Our results show that the QFI has different behaviors and even different magnitudes for different boundary cases. We also determine the boundary conditions that can effectively suppress the influence of atomic relativistic motion on the QFI. Our investigation may help advance the study of relativistic quantum information in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
Tracking dissociation pathways of nitrobenzene via mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction
Authors: Hegazy Kareem , Bucksbaum Phil , Centurion Martin , Cryan James , Li Renkai , Lin Ming-Fu , Moore Bryan , Nunes Pedro , Shen Xiaozhe , Weathersby Stephen , Yang Jie , Wang Xijie , Wolf Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As the simplest nitroaromatic compound, nitrobenzene is an interesting model system to explore the rich photochemistry of nitroaromatic compounds. Previous investigations of nitrobenzene’s photochemical dynamics have probed structural and electronic properties. These investigations paint, at times, a convoluted and sometimes contradictory description of the photochemical landscape. We investigate the ultrafast dynamics of nitrobenzene triggered by photoexcitation at 267 nm for the first time using a structural probe with femtosecond time resolution. Our probe complements previous measurements of nitrobenzene’s electronic structure evolution and aids in determining the photochemical dynamics with less ambiguity. We employ megaelectronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction to follow nitrobenzene’s structural evolution within the first 5 ps after photoexcitation. We observe ground state recovery within

160
±
60

fs through nonadiabatic dynamics. Based on comparisons of the experimental signal with molecular dynamics simulations, we exclude a significant population of the triplet manifold. Furthermore, we do not observe fragmentation of nitrobenzene within the investigated time window, which indicates that previously observed photofragmentation reactions take place in the vibrationally ‘hot’ ground state on timescales considerably beyond 5 ps.
Controllable dual resonances of Fano and EIT in a graphene-loaded all-dielectric GaAs metasurface and its sensing and slow-light applications
Authors: Wang Zhichao , Huang Huahao , Zhang Hui , He Miao , Zhao Weiren 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Active nanophotonic metasurfaces have attracted considerable attention for their promise to develop compact, tunable optical metadevices with advanced functions. In this work, we theoretically demonstrated the dynamically controllable dual resonances of Fano and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using a graphene-loaded all-dielectric metasurface with U-shaped gallium arsenide (GaAs) nanobars operating in the near-infrared region. The destructive interference between a subradiant mode (i.e. a dark mode) supported by two vertical GaAs bars and two radiative modes (i.e. two bright modes) supported by a horizontal GaAs nanobar gives rise to a Fano resonance and an EIT window with high transmission and a large quality factor (Q-factor) in the transmission spectrum. Importantly, the transmission amplitudes can be flexibly modulated by adjusting the graphene Fermi levels without rebuilding the nanostructures. This modulation results from the controllable light absorption by the loaded graphene monolayer due to its interband losses in the near-infrared spectrum. Furthermore, the peak wavelengths of the Fano resonance and EIT window with high Q-factors are highly sensitive to variations in the refractive index (RI) of the surrounding medium, giving the proposed metasurface a relatively good sensitivity of ∼700 nm RIU−1 and a high figure of merit of 280, making it an effective RI sensor. Additionally, the metasurface features an adjustable slow light effect, indicated by the adjusted group delay time ranging from 0.12 ps to 0.38 ps. Therefore, the metasurface system proposed in this work offers a viable platform for advanced multi-band optical sensing, low-loss slow light devices, switches, and potential applications in nonlinear optical fields.
Tutorial: electrical measurements in nanosecond pulsed plasma reactors
Authors: Pavan Colin A , Rao Sankarsh R , Guerra-Garcia Carmen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This tutorial is intended to provide an introduction to transmission line theory (telegrapher’s equations), as the mathematical background needed to correctly perform and interpret electrical measurements in nanosecond pulsed plasma reactors. The mathematical framework is implemented in a numerical tool called VI-View which is made available to the community to aid with interpretation of electrical measurements and help explain discrepancies between different experimental arrangements and probe configurations. A series of user case studies are presented that summarize best practices when performing electrical and energy measurements in nanosecond pulsed discharge (NPD) reactors. Electrical measurements should always be included as part of the roster of diagnostics in NPD experiments and become particularly useful for industry-relevant setups, where other diagnostics may be difficult to deploy.