bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weaving cultural identities on trans-Asiatic networks: Upper Thai-Malay Peninsula – an early socio-political landscape
Authors: Bellina-Pryce Bérénice , Silapanth Praon 
Published: October 2014

Bérénice Bellina-Pryce et Praon Silapanth
Weaving cultural identities on trans-Asiatic networks: Upper Thai-Malay Peninsula – an early socio-political landscape
Le programme archéologique franco-thaï en péninsule thai-malaise septentrionale provient du désir de reconstituer les premières phases du processus des échanges techniques, économiques et culturels qui ont contribué à façonner les identités culturelles tant sud que sud-est asiatiques. À cet effet, il vise à définir la séquence de développements socio-culturels d'une région tenue pour centrale dans les échanges trans-asiatiques, en s'attachant aux interactions entre les productions des sociétés complexes qui s'y sont trouvées engagées ; on entend précisément ici par « productions » les paysages anthropiques et les systèmes socio-techniques. La recherche pluri-disciplinaire que nous menons combine l'étude du site d'habitat et de production de Khao Sam Kaeo et de son paléo-environnement avec l'étude de ses systèmes artisanaux (céramiques, verres, roches dures et métaux). Cette approche a pour objet d'évaluer dans quelle mesure les échanges trans-asiatiques ont affecté les paysages politiques, économiques et sociaux de la péninsule, et inversement, de préciser quel rôle de la région péninsulaire a tenu dans ces échanges.
Trois saisons de recherches à Khao Sam Kaeo fournissent des indices d'urbanisation et de possible centralisation, processus qui sont à mettre en relation avec l'engagement du site dans les réseaux d'échanges et dont on peut concevoir pour certains qu'ils portent déjà l'empreinte de l'indianisation. L'isthme de Kra apparaît donc avoir joué un rôle central dans l'émergence des réseaux d'échanges économiques et culturels du milieu du Ier millénaire précédant notre ère.
Situations de soins à domicile : discontinuité des trajectoires
Authors: Anchisi Annick , Kuhne Nicolas , Debons Jérôme , Follonier Marie-Christine 
Published: October 2014

Introduction : Le vieillissement de la population dans les pays d’Europe occidentale a engendré un développement considérable de l’aide et de soins à domicile. La production effective de ces prestations, simples en principe mais complexes à mettre en œuvre, reste mal connue. Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude sociologique qualitative est de comprendre le déroulement du travail d’aide et de soins à domicile, et son inscription dans un contexte local, au travers de l’analyse de trajectoires et des arcs de travail. Méthode : Huit situations de soins ont été suivies sur une durée de trois mois, dans trois services différents d’un même canton de Suisse romande. Le corpus analysé comprend des entretiens semi-directifs et informels, des documents de travail, la documentation de référence ainsi que des observations de l’activité des professionnels. Résultats : L’analyse des données montre que la standardisation des procédures d’évaluation et un référentiel de travail essentiellement administratif rendent la problématisation des situations de soins difficile. Le fractionnement des prestations fait obstacle à la complexité des soins, qui sont par ailleurs représentatifs d’une organisation du travail marquée du sceau de la mise en conformité. Conclusion : La pression à la standardisation est un défi au maintien d’une approche des soins individualisée et inscrite dans la communauté.
Coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae Negatively Modulates the Size and Composition of the Ongoing Influenza-Specific CD8+ T Cell Response
Authors: Blevins Lance K. , Wren John T. , Holbrook Beth C. , Hayward Sarah L. , Swords W. Edward , Parks Griffith D. , Alexander-Miller Martha A. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Infection with influenza A virus can lead to increased susceptibility to subsequent bacterial infection, often with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Given the substantial modification of the lung environment that occurs following pathogen infection, there is significant potential for modulation of immune responses. In this study, we show that infection of mice with influenza virus, followed by the noninvasive EF3030 strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae, leads to a significant decrease in the virus-specific CD8+ T cell response in the lung. Adoptive-transfer studies suggest that this reduction contributes to disease in coinfected animals. The reduced number of lung effector cells in coinfected animals was associated with increased death, as well as a reduction in cytokine production in surviving cells. Further, cells that retained the ability to produce IFN-γ exhibited a decreased potential for coproduction of TNF-α. Reduced cytokine production was directly correlated with a decrease in the level of mRNA. Negative regulation of cells in the mediastinal lymph node was minimal compared with that present in the lung, supporting a model of selective regulation in the tissue harboring high pathogen burden. These results show that entry of a coinfecting pathogen can have profound immunoregulatory effects on an ongoing immune response. Together, these findings reveal a novel dynamic interplay between concurrently infecting pathogens and the adaptive immune system.
Smoking trends among women in India: Analysis of nationally representative surveys (1993–2009)
Authors: Goel Sonu , Tripathy Jaya Prasad , Singh Rana J. , Lal Pranay 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: There is growing concern among policy makers with respect to alarming growth in smoking prevalence among women in the developing countries. Methods: Using disaggregated data from five nationally representative surveys: Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2010, National Family Health Survey-III (NFHS-III) 2004-2005, NFHS-II 1998-1999, National Sample Survey (NSS) 52 nd Round 1995-1996, NSS 50 th Round 1993-1994 we analysed female smoking trend from 1993-2009. Tobacco use among females was monitored for almost two decades focusing on gender, literacy, and state-specific trends among respondents aged >15 years. Results: Smoking use among women has doubled from 1.4% to 2.9% (P < 0.001) during the period 2005-2010. The prevalence of smoking increased with decrease in per capita State Gross Domestic Product and literacy status for both men and women. Conclusion: As the overall smoking prevalence grows, female smoking is growing at a faster rate than smoking among males, which is an emerging concern for tobacco control in India and requires the attention of policymakers.
Is aspiration as detected on pretreatment video fluorography, a harbinger of poor quality of life and early mortality in cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract treated with radiotherapy?
Authors: Lal Punita , Nautiyal Vipul , Chaudhuri Tamojit , Verma Mranalini , Das Koilpillai Joseph Maria , Kumar Shaleen 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: Patients with cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (head and neck cancer (HNC)) tend to aspirate, either due to disease or treatment. The association of aspiration (documented on video fluorography (VFG)) with quality of life (QOL) and unexpected mortality was studied prospectively in patients treated with simultaneous integrated boost technique of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT). Materials and Methods: Moderately advanced (stage III/IV) HNC were treated by SIB-IMRT delivering 66 Gy/30 fr, 60 Gy/30 fr, and 54 Gy/30 fr to high, intermediate, and low risk volumes, respectively. They underwent serial VFG and QOL assessments (Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 ( QLQ-C30) and head and neck-35 (HN35) European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) tools) at 0, 3, and 6 months. Pharyngeal musculature (PM) was additionally delineated on planning computed tomography (CT) scans as potential organs at risk (OARs). Results: Between November 2009 and May 2011, 20 HNC were treated as per protocol. All patients were fit (Karnofsky performance status (KPS) ≥ 80). Based on VFG findings, seven patients (4/9 oropharynx and 3/11 laryngopharynx) were grouped as aspirators (A) and remaining 13 as non-aspirators (NA). The QOL study showed that pretreatment coughing and swallowing difficulties were greater in group A versus NA and remained persistently higher. In group A, deaths attributable to aspiration were seen in 3/7 patients, while none occurred in the NA group (Fisher′s exact P = 0.03). The mean PM dose was 60 Gy in both the groups and mean V60 was similar at 69 and 67% in A and NA groups, respectively. Conclusions: VFG helps identify patients who aspirate and are at risk of premature death due to its complications, alerting caregivers to direct attention appropriately.
Pediatric oncology services in Nepal
Authors: Sah Kailash Prasad , Arora Ramandeep Singh , Sapkota Sulav , Poudel Yamuna , Pizer Barry 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCancer in children is one of the emerging noncommunicable diseases in Nepal with significant morbidity and mortality. Significant efforts are being made at the government and nongovernment level to provide awareness, early diagnosis, and effective treatment to improve the cure rate of children with cancer. The major challenges include: lack of education, late diagnosis, advanced disease at presentation, financial problems, geographical and transportation difficulties, and inconsistent supply of chemotherapy medicines.
Voor niets gaat de zon op!
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M. 
Published: October 2014

Voor niets gaat de zon op!
In zijn arrest van 13 juni 2014 betreffende de prejudiciële vraag over de aanschaf van een mobiele telefoon heeft de Hoge Raad geoordeeld dat de ‘gratis’ verstrekking van een mobiele telefoon bij een telefoonabonnement kwalificeert als koop op afbetaling en consumentenkrediet. Dit kan ook toepasselijkheid van de wetgeving over consumentenkrediet en financieel toezicht met zich meebrengen. In deze bijdrage wordt het arrest besproken en worden de gevolgen van het arrest belicht.
A Complete Switch of the Directional Selectivity in the Annulation of 2‐Hydroxybenzaldehydes with Alkynes
Authors: Zeng Huiying , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractControlling reaction selectivity is an eternal pursuit for chemists working in chemical synthesis. As part of this endeavor, our group has been exploring the possibility of constructing different natural product skeletons from the same simple starting materials by using different catalytic systems. In our previous work, an isoflavanone skeleton was obtained from the annulation of a salicylaldehyde and an alkyne when a gold catalyst was employed. In this paper, it is shown that a coumarin skeleton can be efficiently obtained through an annulation reaction with the same starting materials, that is, terminal alkynes and salicylaldehydes, by simply switching to a rhodium catalyst. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed for this new annulation based on isotopic substitution experiments.
Reversible Unfolding–Refolding of Rubredoxin: A Single‐Molecule Force Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Zheng Peng , Wang Yanyan , Li Hongbin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn metalloproteins, metal centers serve as active sites for a range of functional purposes and as important structural elements to facilitate protein folding and assembly. It is challenging to observe the reversible unfolding and refolding of metalloproteins because of a loss or decomposition of the metal center. Here, the reversible unfolding–refolding of the iron–sulfur protein rubredoxin was observed directly using single‐molecule force spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the iron can remain attached to the CXXC motif when rubredoxin is unfolded. Upon relaxation, the unfolded rubredoxin can refold into its native holo state with the reconstituted FeS4 center. The possible loss of iron from the unfolded protein prevents rubredoxin from refolding into its native holo state. These results demonstrated that unfolding of rubredoxin is reversible, as long as the iron remains attached, and provide experimental evidence for the iron‐priming mechanism for the folding of rubredoxin.
Organocatalytic and Scalable Synthesis of the Anti‐Influenza Drugs Zanamivir, Laninamivir, and CS‐8958
Authors: Tian Junshan , Zhong Jiankang , Li Yunsheng , Ma Dawei 
Published: October 2014

AbstractZanamivir, laninamivir, and CS‐8958 are three neuraminidase inhibitors that have been clinically used to combat influenza. We report herein a novel organocatalytic route for preparing these agents. Only 13 steps are needed for the assembly of zanamivir and laninamivir from inexpensive D‐araboascorbic acid by this synthetic route, which relies heavily on a thiourea‐catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of acetone to tert‐butyl (2‐nitrovinyl)carbamate and an anti‐selective Henry reaction of the resulting Michael adduct with an aldehyde prepared from D‐araboascorbic acid. The synthetic procedures are scalable, as evident from the preparation of more than 3.5 g of zanamivir.
Superhalogens as Building Blocks of Halogen‐Free Electrolytes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Giri Santanab , Behera Swayamprabha , Jena Puru 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMost electrolytes currently used in Li‐ion batteries contain halogens, which are toxic. In the search for halogen‐free electrolytes, we studied the electronic structure of the current electrolytes using first‐principles theory. The results showed that all current electrolytes are based on superhalogens, i.e., the vertical electron detachment energies of the moieties that make up the negative ions are larger than those of any halogen atom. Realizing that several superhalogens exist that do not contain a single halogen atom, we studied their potential as effective electrolytes by calculating not only the energy needed to remove a Li+ ion but also their affinity towards H2O. Several halogen‐free electrolytes are identified among which Li(CB11H12) is shown to have the greatest potential.
Development of the Ethmoid in Caluromys philander (Didelphidae, Marsupialia) With a Discussion on the Homology of the Turbinal Elements in Marsupials
Authors: Macrini Thomas E. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTHomology of turbinals, or scroll bones, of the mammalian ethmoid bone is poorly known and complicated by a varied terminology. Positionally, there are two main types of ossified adult turbinals known as endoturbinals and ectoturbinals, and their cartilaginous precursors are called ethmoturbinals and frontoturbinals, respectively. Endoturbinals are considered to be serially homologous due to similarity in their developmental patterns. Consequently, endoturbinals from mammals with differing numbers of elements cannot be individually homogenized. In this study, the development of the ethmoid of Caluromys philander, the bare‐tailed woolly opossum, is described based on serial sections of six pouchlings ranging in age from 20 to 84 days postnatal (PND‐84), and computed tomography images of an adult skull. I found that four ethmoturbinals initially develop as seen in PND‐20 and PND‐30 individuals but by PND‐64 an interturbinal (corresponding to endoturbinal III in adults) is present between ethmoturbinals II and III. This developmental pattern is identical to that of Monodelphis domestica, the gray short‐tailed opossum, and is probably also present in the marsupials Didelphis marsupialis, and Thylacinus cynocephalus based on work of previous authors. These data suggest that endoturbinal III has a developmental pattern that differs from other endoturbinals, and the name interturbinal should be retained for the adult structure in recognition of this difference. These results may prove useful for homologizing this individual turbinal element across marsupials, the majority of which have five endoturbinals as adults. This might also explain the presumed placental ancestral condition of four endoturbinals if the marsupial interturbinal is lost. Anat Rec, 297:2007–2017, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Respiratory and Olfactory Turbinals in Feliform and Caniform Carnivorans: The Influence of Snout Length
Authors: van Valkenburgh Blaire , Pang Benison , Bird Deborah , Curtis Abigail , Yee Karen , Wysocki Charles , Craven Brent A. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTTo enhance bite force at the canines, feliform carnivorans have short rostra relative to caniform carnivorans. Rostral reduction in feliforms results in less rostrocaudal space for the maxilloturbinals, the complex set of bones involved in conditioning inspired air and conserving water. It is unknown whether the maxilloturbinals might show adaptations to adjust for this loss, such as greater complexity than what is observed in longer snouted caniforms. To understand the impact of rostral shortening on turbinals in feliforms, we used high resolution CT scans to quantify turbinal surface areas (SA) in 16 feliforms and compared them with published data on 20 caniforms. Results indicate that feliforms have reduced maxilloturbinal SA for their body mass relative to caniforms, but comparable fronto‐ethmoturbinal SA. However, anterior portions of the ethmoturbinals in feliforms extend forward into the snout and are positioned within the respiratory pathway. When the SA of these anterior ethmoturbinals is added to maxilloturbinal SA to produce an estimated respiratory SA, feliforms and caniforms are similar in respiratory SA. This transfer of ethmoturbinal SA to respiratory function results in feliforms having less estimated olfactory SA relative to caniforms. Previous work on canids found a positive association between olfactory surface area and diet, but this was not found for felids. Results are consistent with feliforms having somewhat reduced olfactory ability relative to caniforms. If confirmed by behavioral data, the relative reduction in olfactory SA in many feliforms may reflect a greater reliance on vision in foraging relative to caniforms. Anat Rec, 297:2065–2079, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Olfactory Epithelium in the Olfactory Recess: A Case Study in New World Leaf‐Nosed Bats
Authors: Eiting Thomas P. , Smith Timothy D. , Dumont Elizabeth R. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe olfactory recess (OR) is a restricted space at the back of the nasal fossa in many mammals that is thought to improve olfactory function. Mammals that have an olfactory recess are usually described as keen‐scented, while those that do not are typically thought of as less reliant on olfaction. However, the presence of an olfactory recess is not a binary trait. Many mammal families have members that vary substantially in the size and complexity of the olfactory recess. There is also variation in the amount of olfactory epithelium (OE) that is housed in the olfactory recess. Among New World leaf‐nosed bats (family Phyllostomidae), species vary by over an order of magnitude in how much of their total OE lies within the OR. Does this variation relate to previously documented neuroanatomical proxies for olfactory reliance? Using data from 12 species of phyllostomid bats, we addressed the hypothesis that the amount of OE within the OR relates to a species' dependence on olfaction, as measured by two commonly used neuroanatomical metrics, the size of the olfactory bulb, and the number of glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, which are the first processing units within the olfactory signal cascade. We found that the percentage of OE within the OR does not relate to either measure of olfactory “ability.” This suggests that olfactory reliance is not reflected in the size of the olfactory recess. We explore other roles that the olfactory recess may play. Anat Rec, 297:2105–2112, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reconstruction and Morphometric Analysis of the Nasal Airway of the White‐Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and Implications Regarding Respiratory and Olfactory Airflow
Authors: Ranslow Allison N. , Richter Joseph P. , Neuberger Thomas , Van Valkenburgh Blaire , Rumple Christopher R. , Quigley Andrew P. , Pang Benison , Krane Michael H. , Craven Brent A. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTCompared with other mammals (e.g., primates, rodents, and carnivores), the form and function of the ungulate nasal fossa, in particular the ethmoidal region, has been largely unexplored. Hence, the nasal anatomy of the largest prey species remains far less understood than that of their predators, rendering comparisons and evolutionary context unclear. Of the previous studies of nasal anatomy, none have investigated the detailed anatomy and functional morphology of the white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), a species that is ubiquitous throughout North and Central America and in northern regions of South America. Here, nasal form and function is quantitatively investigated in an adult white‐tailed deer using high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging, combined with anatomical reconstruction and morphometric analysis techniques. The cross‐sectional anatomy of the airway is shown and a three‐dimensional anatomical model of the convoluted nasal fossa is reconstructed from the image data. A detailed morphometric analysis is presented that includes quantitative distributions of airway size and shape (e.g., airway perimeter, cross‐sectional area, surface area) and the functional implications of these data regarding respiratory and olfactory airflow are investigated. The white‐tailed deer is shown to possess a long, double scroll maxilloturbinal that occupies approximately half of the length of the nasal fossa and provides a large surface area for respiratory heat and moisture exchange. The ethmoidal region contains a convoluted arrangement of folded ethmoturbinals that appear to be morphologically distinct from the single and double scroll ethmoturbinals found in most other non‐primates. This complex folding provides a large surface area in the limited space available for chemical sensing, due to the expansive maxilloturbinal. Morphologically, the white‐tailed deer is shown to possess a dorsal meatus that leads to an olfactory recess, a nasal architecture that has been shown in other non‐primate species to cause unique nasal airflow patterns to develop during sniffing that are optimized for odorant delivery to the sensory part of the nose. Additionally, we demonstrate that, during respiration, airflow in the nasal vestibule and the anterior maxilloturbinal region may be transitional or turbulent, in which case turbulent mixing is expected to enhance respiratory heat and moisture exchange, which could be an important contribution to thermoregulation and water conservation in the white‐tailed deer. Anat Rec, 297:2138–2147, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A New Probabilistic Robust Control Approach for System with Uncertain Parameters
Authors: Xie Rong , Gong Jianying , Wang Xinmin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper addresses the issues of conservativeness and computational complexity of robust control. A new probabilistic robust control method is proposed to design a high performance controller. The key of the new method is that the uncertainty set is divided into two parts: r‐subset and the complementary set of r‐subset. The contributions of the new method are as follows: (i) a deterministic robust controller is designed for r‐subset, so it has less conservative than those designed by using deterministic robust control method for the full set; and (ii) the probabilistic robustness of the designed controller is evaluated just for the complementary set of r‐subset but not for the full set, so the computational complexity of the new method is reduced. Given expected probability robustness, a pertinent probabilistic robust controller can be designed by adjusting the norm boundary of r‐subset. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation example.