bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of lithium intercalation on the photovoltaic performances of photovoltachromic cells
Authors: Malara Francesco , Cannavale Alessandro , Gigli Giuseppe 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn the last few years, a new class of smart multifunctional photoelectrochemical devices has been attracting the interest of several academic institutions and industrial companies: photovoltachromic cells, combining the features of photoelectrochromic cells with those of dye‐sensitized solar cells. Here, we report the results of a detailed electrochemical analysis aiming at investigating the electrochemical behavior of these complex photoelectrochemical devices. In particular, we have been focused on the effect of Li+ ions displacement during the coloration of the electrochromic tungsten oxide on the performances of the photovoltaic unit. As we had previously observed striking differences between the performances of the barely photovoltaic mode (with the tungsten oxide in the bleached state) and the photovoltachromic mode (with the tungsten oxide in the colored state), we thus attempted to provide a reasonable physical interpretation to the observed phenomena. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of a twin capacitive load and its application to the outdoor rating of photovoltaic modules
Authors: Muñoz Javier , Lorenzo Eduardo , Carrillo José Manuel , Moretón Rodrigo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis paper describes the design of an original twin capacitive load that is able of tracing simultaneously the I–V characteristics of two photovoltaic modules. Besides, an example of the application of this dual system to the outdoor rating of photovoltaic modules is presented, whose results have shown a good degree of repeatability. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing sleep disorders in primary care
Authors: Dadabhoy Shahid 
Published: October 2013

AbstractOur series of Commentaries from the Primary Care Neurology Society (P‐CNS) provide a primary care perspective on neurology articles featured in Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry. Here, Dr Shahid Dadabhoy discusses ‘An update on sleep disorders and their treatment’ (see page 15 of the September October 13 issue).
Chronic mania associated with left hippocampal atrophy
Authors: Chakraborty Nandini , Miramontes Carmen 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAbnormalities in the hippocampus have been implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. Dr Chakraborty and Carmen Miramontes report an atypical presentation of bipolar disorder with chronic mania (lasting more than two years) in a patient with a history of head injury and evidence of left hippocampal atrophy on neuroimaging.
Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: meeting the challenge
Authors: Young Allan , Halari Rozmin , Gray Richard 
Published: October 2013

AbstractControlling the positive symptoms in schizophrenia is difficult but current drugs are reasonably effective. Negative symptoms pose much more of a challenge. In this Expert Panel Discussion, chaired by Progress publisher Tim Dean, the participants consider issues and solutions around the management of negative symptoms in schizophrenia, as well as developments for the future.
A radio phone‐in programme for mental health education and promotion
Authors: Laugharne Richard , Shankar Rohit , Dunkley Rosie , Fisher Sarah , Barnett Jonathan 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThere is evidence that mass‐media campaigns can educate the public, influence health behaviour and may reduce stigma. In this article, the authors describe how they initiated a new local radio phone‐in programme covering different mental health problems and evaluated the benefits to members of the public who called the programme.
Synthesis of POSS–polyurethane hybrids using octakis(m‐isoprenyl‐α,α′‐dimethylbenzylisocyanato dimethylsiloxy) octasilsesquioxane (Q8M8TMI) as a crosslinking agent
Authors: Markovic Elda , Nguyen Kim , Clarke Stephen , Constantopoulos Kristina , Matisons Janis , Simon George P. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTA series of polyurethane hybrid networks have been synthesized using octakis(m‐isoprenyl‐α,α′‐dimethylbenzylisocyanato dimethylsiloxy) octasilsesquioxane (Q8M8TMI) as a crosslinking agent. The formation of the urethane linkages within the polyurethane hybrids was confirmed by photoacoustic FTIR spectroscopy. The TGA and DSC studies demonstrated that the incorporation of the POSS crosslinking agents altered the thermal properties of the polyurethanes, and that this was dependent on the length of the polyethylene glycol chain. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5038–5045
Copolymerization of norbornene with ω‐alkenylaluminum as a precursor comonomer for introduction of carbonyl moieties
Authors: Lee Jang‐Woo , Jantasee Sasiradee , Jongsomsjit Bunjerd , Tanaka Ryo , Nakayama Yuushou , Shiono Takeshi 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTNorbornene copolymers functionalized with methyl ester group or carboxy group are facilely synthesized by the copolymerization of norbornene and 7‐octenyldiisobutylaluminum (ODIBA) with ansa‐dimethylsilylene(fluorenyl)(t‐butylamido)dimethyltitanium (1) activated by Ph3CB(C6F5)4, and the sequential CO2/methanolysis reactions or CO2/hydrolysis reactions, respectively. The methanolysis and the hydrolysis are simply switched by engaging acidic methanol or acidic aqueous acetone as the quenching/washing solution, respectively. Meanwhile, the increase of ODIBA in the copolymerization abruptly decreases the yield and number–average molecular weight (Mn) of the product. However, the addition of triisobutylaluminum (8 mM) and the use of excess Ph3CB(C6F5)4 (twofold of 0.4 mM of 1) significantly increase the yield, accompanying the increase in the Mn and the narrowing of the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn), especially in the case of the use of excess Ph3CB(C6F5)4. The yield (g polymer/g monomers), Mn, and Mw/Mn reach up to 0.82, 341,000, and 1.46, respectively, at a copolymerization condition. The carboxy groups in the norbornene copolymers are controlled in the range of 0–1.8 mol % in high polymer yields with high Mn and narrow Mw/Mn accompanied by the decrease in the contact angle with water from 104° to 89°. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5085–5090
Synthesis of SET–LRP‐induced galactoglucomannan‐diblock copolymers
Authors: Dax Daniel , Xu Chunlin , Långvik Otto , Hemming Jarl , Backman Peter , Willför Stefan 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTPolysaccharides are biorenewable and biodegradable starting materials for the development of functional materials. The synthesis of a monofunctional macroinitiator for single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization was successfully developed from a wood polysaccharide‐O‐acetyl galactoglucomannan (GGM) using a beforehand synthesized amino‐functional α‐bromoisobutyryl derivative applying reductive amination. The GGM macroinitiator was employed to initiate a controlled radical polymerization of [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MeDMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) using Cu0/Me6‐Tren as a catalyst. The either charged or amphiphilic GGM‐b‐copolymers with different chain lengths of the synthetic block were successfully synthesized without prior hydrophobization of the GGM chain and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or DMSO/water mixtures were used as solvents. This novel synthetic approach may find untapped potentials particularly for the development of polysaccharide‐based amphiphilic additives for cosmetics or paints and for the design of novel temperature or pH responsive polymers with such potential applications as in drug delivery systems or in biocomposites. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5100–5110
A pH‐responsive cyclopolymer having phospho‐ and sulfopropyl pendents in the same repeating unit: Synthesis, characterization, and its application as an antiscalant
Authors: Haladu Shamsuddeen A. , Ali Shaikh A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTA new zwitterionic monomer 3‐[diallyl{3‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl}ammonio]propane‐1‐sulfonate has been synthesized and cyclopolymerized to give the corresponding polyzwitterion (±) (PZ) bearing both phosphonate and sulfonate functionalities on each repeating unit. phosphonate ester hydrolysis in PZ gave a pH‐responsive dibasic polyzwitterionic acid (±) (PZA) bearing PO3H2 units. The PZA under pH‐induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (± −) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (± =) (PZDAN) having respective PO3H− and PO32− units. The polymers′ interesting solubility and viscosity behaviors have been investigated in detail. The apparent protonation constants in salt‐free water and 0.1 M NaCl of the PO32− in (± =) (PZDAN) and PO3H– in (± −) (PZAN) as well as in their corresponding monomeric units have been determined. Evaluation of antiscaling properties of the PZA using supersaturated solution of CaSO4 revealed ≈100% scale inhibition efficiency at a meager concentration of 20 ppm for a duration of 45 h at 40 °C. The PZA has the potential to be used effectively as an antiscalant in reverse osmosis plant. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5130–5142
Influence of monomer type on miniemulsion polymerization systems stabilized by graphene oxide as sole surfactant
Authors: Che Man S. H. , Mohd Yusof N. Y. , Whittaker Michael R. , Thickett Stuart C. , Zetterlund Per B. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBased on a recent report [J. Polym. Sci. Part A. Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 47–58] whereby we demonstrated the synthesis of polystyrene nanoparticles by miniemulsion polymerization stabilized by graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets as sole surfactant, we hereby report the synthesis of hybrid polymer nanoparticles of several members of the (meth)acrylate family as well as the cross‐linker divinylbenzene via the same approach. The nature of the resultant emulsion is strongly linked to the polarity of the monomer used; monomers with a relatively small polar component (based on Hansen solubility parameters) such as lauryl methacrylate and benzyl methacrylate, in addition to styrene, generate stable emulsions that can be effectively polymerized. Particularly polar monomers (e.g., methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate) formed kinetically stable emulsions in the presence of GO, however rapid coagulation occurred during polymerization. Electron microscopy analysis reveals the formation of polymer nanoparticles with size distribution between 200 and 1000 nm with roughened surface morphologies, indicative of GO sheets adsorbed at the interface. The results of this work demonstrate the applicability of this synthetic route for specific monomers in the preparation of novel graphene‐based polymeric materials. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 5153–5162
Influence of talc with different particle sizes in melt‐mixed LLDPE/MWCNT composites
Authors: Müller Michael Thomas , Dreyße Janine , Häußler Liane , Krause Beate , Pötschke Petra 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTLinear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) was melt‐mixed with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and varying amounts of three different kinds of talc (phyllo silicate), each with a different particle size distribution, to examine the effect of these filler combinations with regards to the electrical percolation behavior. The state of the filler dispersion was assessed using transmission light microscopy and electron microscopy. The use of talc as a second filler during the melt mixing of LLDPE/MWCNT composites resulted in an improvement in the dispersion of the MWCNTs and a decrease of the electrical percolation threshold. Talc with lower particle sizes showed a more pronounced effect than talc with larger particle sizes. However, the improvement in dispersion was not reflected in the mechanical properties. Modulus and stress values increase with both, MWCNT and talc addition, but not in a synergistic manner. The crystallization behavior of the composites was studied by differential scanning calorimetry to determine its potential influence on the electrical percolation threshold. It was found that the crystallinity of the matrix increased slightly with the addition of talc but no further increments were observed with the incorporation of the MWCNTs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 1680–1691
Recent advances in polymer network liquid crystal spatial light modulators
Authors: Sun Jie , Wu Shin‐Tson 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTPolymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) spatial light modulators are attractive for display and photonic applications because they can achieve submillisecond response time while keeping a large phase change. However, their on‐state scattering caused by the grain boundary of LC multidomains hinders their applications. In this article, we review recent progress on the development of scattering‐free PNLCs extending from short‐wavelength infrared to visible region by reducing the domain sizes to ∼200 nm through low temperature curing process. To reduce operation voltage, both transmissive and reflective modes, LC material properties (birefringence and dielectric anisotropy), polymer composition and concentration, and pretilt angle effect are analyzed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 183–192
Health and well‐being in adolescent survivors of early childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Mertens Ann C. , Brand Sarah , Ness Kirsten K. , Li Zhenghong , Mitby Pauline A. , Riley Anne , Patenaude Andrea Farkas , Zeltzer Lonnie 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveWith the growing number of childhood cancer survivors in the US, it is important to assess the well‐being of these individuals, particularly during the transitional phase of adolescence. Data about adolescent survivors' overall health and quality of life will help identify survivor subgroups most in need of targeted attention to successfully transition to adulthood.Participants and methodsThis ancillary study to the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study focused on children 15‐19 years of age who had been diagnosed with cancer before the age of 4 years. A cohort of siblings of pediatric cancer survivors of the same ages served as a comparison sample. Adolescent health was assessed using the Child Health and Illness Profile‐Adolescent Edition (CHIP‐AE) survey.ResultsThe teen survey was sent to 444 survivor teens and 189 siblings. Of these, 307(69%) survivors and 97 (51%) siblings completed and returned the survey. The overall health profiles of siblings and survivors were similar. Among survivors, females scored significantly below males on satisfaction, discomfort, and disorders domains. Survivors diagnosed with central nervous system tumors scored less favorably than leukemia survivors in the global domains of satisfaction and disorders.ConclusionIn general, adolescent survivors fare favorably compared to healthy siblings. However, identification of the subset of pediatric cancer survivors who are more vulnerable to medical and psychosocial disorders in adolescence provides the opportunity for design and implementation of intervention strategies that may improve quality of life. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solidification Behavior of the Hydrazine Nitrate‐Nitroguanidine Eutectic System
Authors: Chen Ling , Li Hua‐Rong , Xu Rui‐Juan , Xiong Ying , Xu Tao , Huang Bo‐Yong , Shu Yuan‐Jie 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn an attempt to better understand the properties of energetic eutectic materials, the eutectic mixture of hydrazine nitrate (HN) and nitroguanidine (NQ) was prepared by a melt crystallization method. The melting temperature and fusion enthalpy of the pure components and the eutectic were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. The structure of the HN‐NQ title compound was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy. Thermodynamic functions such as excess Gibb’s energy, excess enthalpy, and excess entropy of the title mixture were calculated using activity coefficient data. The intermolecular interactions of different molar ratios of the HN‐NQ eutectic were determined by density functional theory (DFT) methods. The results of the excess thermodynamic functions and computer simulations indicate that the eutectic is not a mechanical mixture. IR spectroscopic and XRD studies confirm that there is some interaction between the components during the formation of the eutectic mixture. Moreover, the microstructure of the eutectic mixture at a molar ratio of 3 : 2 was more uniform than others, which was proved by DFT calculations. The Jackson’s roughness parameter was found to be greater than 2, suggesting a faceted, irregular morphology. These results could pave a way for further investigation of the energetic eutectic system aiming to supersede TNT.
Conformational dynamics is more important than helical propensity for the folding of the all α‐helical protein Im7
Authors: Figueiredo Angelo Miguel , Whittaker Sara B.‐M. , Knowling Stuart E. , Radford Sheena E. , Moore Geoffrey R. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIm7 folds via an on‐pathway intermediate that contains three of the four native α‐helices. The missing helix, helix III, is the shortest and its failure to be formed until late in the pathway is related to frustration in the structure. Im7H3M3, a 94‐residue variant of the 87‐residue Im7 in which helix III is the longest of the four native helices, also folds via an intermediate. To investigate the structural basis for this we calculated the frustration in the structure of Im7H3M3 and used NMR to investigate its dynamics. We found that the native state of Im7H3M3 is highly frustrated and in equilibrium with an intermediate state that lacks helix III, similar to Im7. Model‐free analysis identified residues with chemical exchange contributions to their relaxation that aligned with the residues predicted to have highly frustrated interactions, also like Im7. Finally, we determined properties of urea‐denatured Im7H3M3 and identified four clusters of interacting residues that corresponded to the α‐helices of the native protein. In Im7 the cluster sizes were related to the lengths of the α‐helices with cluster III being the smallest but in Im7H3M3 cluster III was also the smallest, despite this region forming the longest helix in the native state. These results suggest that the conformational properties of the urea‐denatured states promote formation of a three‐helix intermediate in which the residues that form helix III remain non‐helical. Thus it appears that features of the native structure are formed early in folding linked to collapse of the unfolded state.
MALDI MS profiling of post‐DRE urine samples highlights the potential of β‐microseminoprotein as a marker for prostatic diseases
Authors: Flatley Brian , Wilmott Karen G. , Malone Peter , Cramer Rainer 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo use spectra acquired by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) from pre‐ and post‐digital rectal examination (DRE) urine samples to search for discriminating peaks that can adequately distinguish between benign and malignant prostate conditions, and identify the peaks' underlying biomolecules.METHODSTwenty‐five participants with prostate cancer (PCa) and 27 participants with a variety of benign prostatic conditions as confirmed by a 10‐core tissue biopsy were included. Pre‐ and post‐DRE urine samples were prepared for MALDI MS profiling using an automated clean‐up procedure. Following mass spectra collection and processing, peak mass and intensity were extracted and subjected to statistical analysis to identify peaks capable of distinguishing between benign and cancer. Logistic regression was used to combine markers to create a sensitive and specific test.RESULTSA peak at m/z 10,760 was identified as β‐microseminoprotein (β‐MSMB) and found to be statistically lower in urine from PCa participants using the peak's average areas. By combining serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels with MALDI MS‐measured β‐MSMB levels, optimum threshold values obtained from Receiver Operator characteristics curves gave an increased sensitivity of 96% at a specificity of 26%.CONCLUSIONSThese results demonstrate that with a simple sample clean‐up followed by MALDI MS profiling, significant differences of MSMB abundance were found in post‐DRE urine samples. In combination with PSA serum levels, obtained from a classic clinical assay led to high classification accuracy for PCa in the studied sample set. Our results need to be validated in a larger multicenter prospective randomized clinical trial. Prostate 74:103–111, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using a consensus approach based on the conservation of inter‐residue contacts to rank CAPRI models
Authors: Vangone Anna , Cavallo Luigi , Oliva Romina 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTHerein we propose the use of a consensus approach, CONSRANK, for ranking CAPRI models. CONSRANK relies on the conservation of inter‐residue contacts in the analyzed decoys ensemble. Models are ranked according to their ability to match the most frequently observed contacts. We applied CONSRANK to 19 CAPRI protein–protein targets, covering a wide range of prediction difficulty and involved in a variety of biological functions. CONSRANK results are consistently good, both in terms of native‐like (NL) solutions ranked in the top positions and of values of the Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve (AUC). For targets having a percentage of NL solutions above 3%, an excellent performance is found, with AUC values approaching 1. For the difficult target T46, having only 3.4% NL solutions, the number of NL solutions in the top 5 and 10 ranked positions is enriched by a factor 30, and the AUC value is as high as 0.997. AUC values below 0.8 are only found for targets featuring a percentage of NL solutions within 1.1%. Remarkably, a false consensus emerges only in one case, T42, which happens to be an artificial protein, whose assembly details remain uncertain, based on controversial experimental data. We also show that CONSRANK still performs very well on a limited number of models, provided that more than 1 NL solution is included in the ensemble, thus extending its applicability to cases where few dozens of models are available. Proteins 2013; 81:2210‐2220. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.