bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the μ-invariant of anticyclotomic p-adic L-functions for CM fields
Authors: Hsieh Ming-Lun 
Published: February 2014

Abstract.

In this article, we follow Hida's approach to study the μ-invariant of the anticyclotomic projection of p-adic Hecke L-function for CM fields along a branch character. We prove a conjecture of Gillard on the vanishing of the μ-invariant and give a μ-invariant formula for self-dual branch characters.
Selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde and phospholipids in aqueous-organic biphasic systems with ruthenium(II) complex catalysts
Authors: Gombos Réka , Joó Ferenc 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The new water-soluble complex [RuH(OOc)(mtppms)3] (OOc=octanoate, mtppms=monosulfonated triphenylphosphine) was synthesized and – together with the known [RuH(OAc)(mtppms)3] (OAc=acetate) – applied for aqueous-organic biphasic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde as well as for hydrogenation of soybean liposomes under mild conditions. The complexes showed pronounced selectivity (up to 75%) towards the hydrogenation of the C=O function in the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde; the selectivity was influenced by the pH of the aqueous phase and the hydrogen pressure. The C=C double bonds in soybean lecithin were only slowly reduced, however, at 5 bar H2 pressure the reaction rate was sufficient to achieve substantial conversion (approximately 20% of all double bonds) in the unsaturated fatty acids.
Optimal energy dissipation in growing microorganisms and rectification columns
Authors: von Stockar Urs 
Published: February 2014

Abstract.
This paper proposes a new point of view in analyzing the optimal Gibbs
energy dissipation in growing microorganisms. Small Gibbs energy dissipation
in growth would be of biological advantage because less resource is consumed
and the biomass yield on these resources could be maximized. It is however
not so clear why microorganisms still dissipate considerable amounts of
Gibbs energy while growing. Distillation columns are used as a simple
qualitative model system in order to gain a qualitative understanding of the
question. In both growing microorganisms and continuously operated
distillation columns, small energy dissipation values result in small
process driving forces and therefore in tentatively slow operation. In
microorganisms this entails relatively higher maintenance energy
requirements, increasing thereby the resource cost for growth and decreasing
the biomass yield. In distillation columns, it results in higher capital and
maintenance cost, thereby increasing overall process costs.
A simple model is proposed to calculate the biomass yield as a function of
Gibbs energy dissipation. It shows that this function goes through a maximum
because of maintenance requirements at small dissipations. Experimental data
confirm that growing microorganisms dissipate an amount of Gibbs energy that
is associated with this maximum.
Maintenance of Heterochromatin Boundary and Nucleosome Composition at Promoters by the Asf1 Histone Chaperone and SWR1-C Chromatin Remodeler in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Lu Phoebe Y T , Kobor Michael S 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Chromatin remodeling complexes cooperate to regulate gene promoters and to define chromatin neighborhoods. Here, we identified genetic and functional connections between two silencing-related chromatin factors in the maintenance of native heterochromatic structures and nucleosome composition at promoters. Building on a previously reported link between the histone chaperone Asf1 and the Yaf9 subunit of the SWR1-C chromatin remodeler, we found that ASF1 broadly interacted with genes encoding for SWR1-C subunits. Asf1 and Yaf9 were required for maintaining expression of heterochromatin-proximal genes and they worked cooperatively to prevent repression of telomere-proximal genes by limiting the spread of SIR complexes into nearby regions. Genome-wide Sir2 profiling, however, revealed that the cooperative heterochromatin regulation of Asf1 and SWR1-C occurred only on a subset of yeast telomeres. Extensive analyses demonstrated that formation of aberrant heterochromatin structures in the absence of ASF1 and YAF9 was not causal for the pronounced growth and transcriptional defects in cells lacking both these factors. Instead, genetic and molecular analysis revealed that H3K56 acetylation was required for efficient deposition of H2A.Z at subtelomeric and euchromatic gene promoters, pointing to a role for Asf1-dependent H3K56 acetylation in SWR1-C biology.
A Scanning-Probe Technique for Mapping the Hardness of Lead-Free Solders
Authors: Hay Jennifer L. , Morillo Carlos , Silk Julie 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTA rapid nano-indentation measurement technique is employed to produce surface maps of hardness. Each indentation cycle requires less than three seconds, including surface approach, contact detection, force application, withdrawal, and movement to the next indentation site. Traditional nano-indentation analyses are applied to the force-displacement measurements from each indentation, but information storage and presentation owe much to scanning-probe technology. Consequently, this nano-indentation technique produces three-dimensional images of mechanical properties which are stored and manipulated just like scanned images.In the present work, we use this technique to map the hardness of a SAC 305 solder joint with gold plating. After extended isothermal aging, the solder joint comprises three constituents: a tin-rich matrix, a bulk intermetallic AuSn4, and an interfacial intermetallic (Cu, Ni, Au)6Sn5. The softest material is the tin-rich matrix, which has a hardness of 0.51±0.07 GPa. The hardness of the bulk intermetallic is 2.12±0.18 GPa. The interfacial intermetallic has extraordinary hardness— greater than 8 GPa. Under uniform plastic strain, the mismatch in hardness between the interfacial intermetallic and surrounding material may increase the local stress intensity factor which drives interfacial fracture.
Topology Optimization for Cellular Material Design
Authors: Lotfi Reza , Ha Seunghyun , Carstensen Josephine V. , Guest James K. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTTopology optimization is a systematic, computational approach to the design of structure, defined as the layout of materials (and pores) across a domain. Typically employed at the component-level scale, topology optimization is increasingly being used to design the architecture of high performance materials. The resulting design problem is posed as an optimization problem with governing unit cell and upscaling mechanics embedded in the formulation, and solved with formal mathematical programming. This paper will describe recent advances in topology optimization, including incorporation of manufacturing processes and objectives governed by nonlinear mechanics and multiple physics, and demonstrate their application to the design of cellular materials. Optimized material architectures are shown to (computationally) approach theoretical bounds when available, and can be used to generate estimations of bounds when such bounds are unknown.
Conducting polymer thin films as substrates for cell cultures
Authors: Marzocchi Marco , Scavetta Erika , Zironi Isabella , Castellani Gastone , Bonfiglio Annalisa , Malliaras George G. , Owens Roisin M. , Fraboni Beatrice 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIn biological applications, conjugated polymers offer many advantages compared to inorganic semiconductors, due to their favorable electrical properties and their biocompatibility. Many different parameters affect the cell-substrate interaction and in this work we focus our attention on the role played by the oxidation state and surface morphology of conducting polymer substrates. We realized cell culture substrates using a thin film of a biocompatible conducting polymer widely employed in organic electronics, poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The oxidation state of the samples was electrochemically modified through the application of a fixed potential, and they were subsequently characterized by atomic force microscopy and optical spectroscopy. Using these techniques we have been able to measure the oxidation state of the polymer films, and to asses that its surface roughness does not depend on its oxidation state. Furthermore, human dermal fibroblast (hDF) were grown on PEDOT:PSS films with different oxidation state, in order to test their efficacy as cell culture substrates and their biocompatibility.
Do Statin Medications Improve Periodontal Health and/or Outcomes? A Systematic Review
Authors: Jordan Eboné , Hsu Yung‐Ting , Bashutski Jill 
Published: February 2014

Focused Clinical Question:For adult patients (aged ≥30 years) with chronic periodontitis, does the use of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) improve periodontal health?Clinical Scenario:A 59‐year‐old female with a history of hyperlipidemia presents for periodontal maintenance care. She has been taking a statin medication for 4 years, during which time she received comprehensive periodontal therapy, including regenerative surgery in two quadrants. Post‐surgical evaluation revealed substantial gains in clinical attachment and probing depth reduction. Radiographically, significant fill of the intrabony defect was observed. Before treatment, she was very anxious about losing more teeth and is now curious about the stability of her periodontal treatment. For clinical and radiographic presentation of the patient, see Figures 1 and 2.
Characterization of Highly Osteoblast/Cementoblast Cell Clones From a CD105‐Enriched Periodontal Ligament Progenitor Cell Population
Authors: Saito Miki T. , Salmon Cristiane R. , Amorim Bruna R. , Ambrosano Gláucia M.B. , Casati Márcio Z. , Sallum Enilson A. , Nociti Francisco H. , Silvério Karina G. 
Published: February 2014

Background: It is known that periodontal ligament (PDL) harbors a heterogeneous progenitor cell population at different stages of lineage commitment. However, characterization of PDL stem cells committed to osteoblast/cementoblast (O/C) differentiation remains to be elucidated. The present study is carried out to isolate single cell–derived, cluster of differentiation (CD)105–positive PDL clones and to characterize the clones that present high potential to differentiate toward O/C phenotype in vitro.Methods: Isolation of single cell–derived colonies (clones) from a CD105‐enriched PDL progenitor cell population was performed by the ring‐cloning technique. Cell clones were evaluated for their O/C differentiation potential, metabolic activity, and expression of STRO‐1 protein. Additionally, the clones that showed potential to O/C differentiation were characterized by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) for expression of runt‐related transcriptor factor 2 (RUNX2), alkaline phosphatase, CD105, and CD166 during osteogenic induction.Results: Six PDL‐CD105+ clones were obtained, three being highly O/C clones (C‐O) and three others that did not have the ability to produce mineralized matrix in vitro (C‐F). The C‐O group showed lower metabolic activity compared with the C‐F group, and both cell groups were positively immunostained for STRO‐1. qRT‐PCR analysis demonstrated an increased expression of transcripts for RUNX2 and CD166 during the maturation of C‐O cells toward O/C phenotype.Conclusions: These results provide evidence that PDL‐CD105+ purified progenitor cells comprise a heterogeneous cell population that presents a cell subset with high O/C potential and, further, that surface antigen CD166 is modulated during the O/C maturation of this cell subset.
The genesis, methodical foundations, and problems in the realisation of the Atlas de la Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Gay Jean-Christophe 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The article presents the main organisational, epistemological, and methodical principles assumed by one of the two scientific editors of the Atlas de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, and the problems they faced. The presented solutions may be useful to the authors of similar projects in the future.
Artificialization and Islandness on the Spanish Tourist Coast
Authors: Pons Antoni , Rullan Onofre 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This article analyses recent trends in coastal urban growth, mainly prompted by tourism in its various forms, experienced along the Spanish Mediterranean coasts and the Canary Islands, with a special focus on the Balearic Islands. The article seeks to measure and compare the differential rates of urban growth between island and continental coasts during the period 1990-2006, coinciding with the latest major economic growth cycle in Southwestern Europe, and where real estate and tourism activities have played a central role. The results suggest that the degree of urbanization in island coastal regions analysed is lower than that of mainland coastal regions.
White and Saturated Blue Phosphorescent OLED based on the Non-Emissive Homoleptic Complex Ir(ppz)3 as single active material
Authors: Lepeltier Marc , Dumur Frédéric , Wantz Guillaume , Bertin Denis , Gigmes Didier , Mayer Cédric R. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe well-known homoleptic iridium (III) complex Ir(ppz)
Muscle Atrophy, Voluntary Activation Disturbances, and Low Serum Concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 Are Associated With Weakness in People With Chronic Stroke
Authors: Silva-Couto Marcela de Abreu , Prado-Medeiros Christiane Lanatovitz , Oliveira Ana Beatriz , Alcântara Carolina Carmona , Guimarães Araci Teixeira , Salvini Tania de Fatima , Mattioli Rosana , Russo Thiago Luiz de 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundThe muscle weakness that is exhibited poststroke is due to a multifactorial etiology involving the central nervous system and skeletal muscle changes. Insulinlike growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) have been described as biomarkers of neuromuscular performance in many conditions. However, no information about these biomarkers is available for people with chronic hemiparesis.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate possible factors involved in muscle weakness, such as IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 serum concentrations, muscle volume, and neuromuscular performance of the knee flexors and extensors, in people with chronic hemiparesis poststroke.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed on 14 individuals poststroke who were paired with healthy controls. Mobility, function, balance, and quality of life were recorded as outcome measures. Knee flexor and extensor muscle volumes and neuromuscular performance were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, dynamometry, and electromyography. The serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsThe hemiparetic group had low serum concentrations of IGF-1 (25%) and IGFBP-3 (40%); reduced muscle volume in the vastus medialis (32%), vastus intermedius (29%), biceps femoris (16%), and semitendinosus and semimembranosus (12%) muscles; reduced peak torque, power, and work of the knee flexors and extensors; and altered agonist and antagonist muscle activation compared with controls.ConclusionsLow serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, deficits in neuromuscular performance, selective muscle atrophy, and decreased agonist muscle activation were found in the group with chronic hemiparesis poststroke. Both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were considered, and the data reflect a chronic poststroke population with good function.
Effect of intermediate frequency electromagnetic field on the solidification structure and mechanical properties of direct chill cast Al-8 wt.%Si alloy
Authors: Zhang Yubo , Jie Jinchuan , Chen Hang , Wu Li , Fu Ying , Li Tingju 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Direct chill (DC) casting is currently the most common casting practice employed in industry for Al alloys. In this study, an intermediate frequency electromagnetic (IFEM) field was applied during DC casting of Al-8 wt.%Si alloy. The results show that compared to conventional casting, the alloys processed under IFEM field exhibit superior refinement in the microstructure as well as enhancement of the mechanical properties. In addition, these improvements become more pronounced when the current is increased. The role of IFEM field in inducing forced convection, and the subsequent phenomena, such as achievement of a uniform temperature field, fragmentation of the developed dendrites and the promotion of their equiaxed growth during solidification, could be confirmed by experimental observations.
Notions of Mobility in Argentina
Authors: Singh Dhan Zunino , Velázquez Maximiliano 
Published: February 2014

The following critical review of notions of mobility in Argentina is motivated by the rapid spread of this globalized term and how it is being appropriated by transport scholars, policymakers, and technicians. Our concern as sociologists – now involved in cultural history and urban planning – and as members of the Argentinean University Transport Network, is the lack of a profound discussion that allows us to talk about a mobility turn.We argue that the movement from transport to mobility tends to be a semantic change mostly because social sciences and humanities do not lead it, as experienced in other countries. Moreover, we believe that the particular way in which the notions of mobility spread in Argentina must be understood in the context of circulation and reception of ideas, experts, capital and goods, and re-visiting center–periphery debates.
Load sharing in lumbar spinal segment as a function of location of center of rotation
Authors: Alapan Yunus , Sezer Semih , Demir Cihan , Kaner Tuncay , İnceoğlu Serkan 
Published: February 2014

Object
The center (axis) of rotation (COR) in the lumbar spine has been studied well. However, there is limited information on the kinetic and kinematic consequences of imposed shift in the location of the COR, although this type of shift can be seen after surgeries using motion preservation or dynamic stabilization devices. The objective of this study was to assess the kinetic and kinematic changes in the lumbar spinal segment due to various imposed CORs.

Methods
A 3D finite element model of the L4–5 segment was constructed and validated. The segment was loaded under a 7.5-Nm bending moment while constrained to rotate about various imposed CORs in the sagittal and axial motion planes. Range of motion, ligament forces, facet loads, and disc stresses were measured.

Results
The present model showed an agreement with previous in vitro and finite element studies under the same load and boundary conditions. Range of motion, facet forces, disc stresses, and ligament loads showed a strong association with the location of the COR.

Conclusions
Acute alterations in the location of the COR can significantly change the load sharing characteristics within the spine segment. The normal location of the COR is a result of the tendency of the vertebra to move in the path of least cumulative resistance.
Efficacy of Entecavir in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Persistently Normal Alanine Aminotransferase: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Tseng Kuo-Chih , Chen Chi-Yi , Tsai Hung-Wen , Chang Ting-Tsung , Chuang Wan-Long , Hsu Ping-I , Liu Wen-Chun , Cheng Pin-Nan 
Published: February 2014

Background It is still inconclusive whether chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (PNALT) should receive nucleoside/nucleotide analogues. This study is to evaluate the efficacy of entecavir in improving liver histology in CHB patients with PNALT. Methods In this prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 380 CHB patients with PNALT were screened, 82 patients received biopsy and 43 patients met the HBV DNA and histology criteria and were randomly assigned to either an entecavir or placebo group for 52 weeks, with 22 and 21 in each group, respectively. The primary objective was to evaluate histological improvement. The secondary objective is to evaluate virological efficacy. Results A total of eight (38.1%) patients in the entecavir group and eight (44.4%) in the placebo group ( P=0.752) showed histological improvement. The decrease in total Knodell scores (±sd) was 1.3 ±1.9 in the entecavir group and 1.5 ±2.2 in the placebo group ( P=0.803). The subjects with undetectable HBV DNA at week 52 were 16/21 (76.2%) in the entecavir group and 0/18 (0%) in the placebo group ( P<0.001). The mean HBV DNA reduction from baseline to week 52 was 4.73 ±0.83 in the entecavir and 0.25 ±0.81 in the placebo group ( P<0.001). Conclusions CHB patients with PNALT receiving entecavir therapy for one year achieved virological efficacy, but not histological benefit. ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01833611.
Mapping Music: Cluster Analysis Of Song-Type Frequencies Within And Between Cultures
Authors: Savage Patrick E. , Brown Steven 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Understanding cross-cultural patterns of musical diversity requires some method of visualizing these patterns using maps. The traditional methods of cross-cultural comparison have been criticized for ignoring the rich diversity of musical styles that exists within each culture. We present a compromise solution in which we map the relative frequencies of different "cantogroups" (stylistic song-types) both within and between cultures. Applying this method to 259 traditional group songs from twelve indigenous peoples of Taiwan, we identified five major cantogroups, the frequencies of which varied across the twelve groups. From this information, we were able to create musical maps of Taiwan. (This article refers to a supplementary speadsheet that can be found at http://neuroarts.org/pdf/Savage_Brown_2014_Supplement.xls)
Brief Study of Identification System Using Regression Neural Network Based on Delay Tap Structures
Authors: Sahroni Alvin 
Published: February 2014

Abstractthis investigation aims to provide an overview and investigations of non-linear identification system using neural network approach. Nowadays, a lot of neural network approach was done to provide a satisfying identification system. Backpropagation scheme as the mainstream approach for developing identification system has several limitations such as training data, computation time, architecture, optimization technique for weight value update, and many others. Regression Neural Network which is found by specht on 1990 contains more advantages compare with backpropagation scheme. With the improvement of computation time, architecture, and robustness of this model and provided 90% of effectiveness, promising a good prospective to develop non-linear identification system. For future works, it can be implemented in neural network predictive model control system and another control scheme based on identification system approach.
An Accelerating 3D Image Reconstruction System Based on the Level-of-Detail Algorithm
Authors: Lee Tsung-Yu , Lee Ren-Guey , Tien Sheng-Chung , Lin Robert , Su Wei-Hua 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes a research of An Accelerating 3D Image Reconstruction System Based on the Level-of-Detail Algorithm and combines 3D graphic application interfaces, such as DirectX3D and OpenCV to reconstruct the 3D imaging system for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and adds Level of Detail (LOD) algorithm to the system. The system uses the volume rendering method to perform 3D reconstruction for brain imaging. The process, which is based on the level of detail algorithm that converts and formulates functions from differing levels of detail and scope, significantly reduces the complexity of required processing and computation, under the premises of maintaining drawing quality. To validate the system’s efficiency enhancement on brain imaging reconstruction, this study operates the system on various computer platforms, and uses multiple sets of data to perform rendering and 3D object imaging reconstruction, the results of which are then verified and compared.