bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROTECT Norge: Online assessment of cognition and dementia risk factors in 3000 Norwegian adults over 50
Authors: Testad Ingelin , Aakre Jon Arild , Gjestsen Martha Therese , Ballard Clive , Corbett Anne , Aarsland Dag , Pickering Ellie , Ushakova Anastasia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveWith the growing number of older people in the Norwegian population and the associated rapid rise in dementia and cognitive impairment, novel and more efficient methodologies are needed to facilitate research, improve diagnostic triage and deliver effective brain health interventions in the community. Methods: PROTECT-Norge is an online, remote cohort study in adults aged 50 and over. At-home assessments of cognition are completed annually using validated computerized neuropsychological tests (including Paired Associate Learning, Self-Ordered Search, Digit Span and Verbal Reasoning). Demographic data (age, gender, ethnicity, education, height, weight), medical and lifestyle information are also collected. Results: The current article describes analysis of baseline data from the first 3000 participants recruited to PROTECT-Norge (74.5% female, mean age 64.1 sd 7.7). It demonstrates that established risk factors for dementia such as Body Mass Index > 30, hypertension, smoking, and hearing loss are associated with significant detriments on cognitive performance on the computerized neuropsychological test battery. The level of data capture was excellent, and 94% of participants agreed to be contacted for further research programmes. Conclusion: This data shows excellent feasibility of the PROTECT-Norge cohort, demonstrating high completion rates and accessibility for people with early cognitive impairment. PROTECT-Norge represents a tremendous opportunity for cost-efficient, large-scale brain health research and potentially for clinical digital cognitive health programmes.Key PointsPROTECT Norge is an online cohort study focusing on cognitive assessment and dementia risk factors in a population of Norwegian adults aged 50 and over.The study utilizes validated computerized neuropsychological test battery for annual at-home assessments, in addition to capturing demographic, medical, and lifestyle data.Study findings indicate significant associations between established dementia risk factors (e.g., obesity, hypertension, smoking, hearing loss) and poorer cognitive performance, highlighting the potential for early intervention strategies.High participant engagement and willingness for further research involvement highlights PROTECT Norge’s feasibility and potential for large-scale brain health initiatives and clinical trials, using its built-in clinical trials infrastructure.
Probing the Biological Underpinnings of Advanced Brain Ageing in Schizophrenia
Authors: Murray Alex J. , Ballester Pedro L. , Rogers Jack C. , Williams Stephen , Wilson Martin , Deakin Bill , Katshu Mohammad , Liddle Peter , Palaniyappan Lena , Upthegrove Rachel 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that patients with schizophrenia may show advanced brain ageing, particularly evident after the first year of onset. However, it is unclear if accelerated ageing relents, persists or continues to increase over time. The underlying causal factors are also poorly understood. Disruptions in glutamate function, oxidative stress, and inflammation may all contribute to progressive brain changes in people with schizophrenia. We examine whether brain ageing differs between early and established stages of schizophrenia, correlates with symptom severity and varies with markers of brain function, oxidative status and inflammatory burden.MethodsTwo brain-age prediction models assessed 112 participants (34 recent onset psychosis, 36 established schizophrenia, 42 healthy controls). Brain age gap (BAG) was calculated by subtracting chronological age from predicted age. Shapley’s additive explanations (SHAP) identified influential structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features driving brain-age prediction. Linear regression models and partial correlations, adjusting for age, explored associations between BAG and neurometabolites, inflammatory markers, medication exposure and clinical scores in the whole sample.ResultsThe established schizophrenia group showed higher BAG (Mean = 6.21, SD = 7.30) compared to healthy individuals (Mean = -0.01, SD = 9.10), while recent-onset patients (Mean = 4.23, SD = 9.25) did not differ significantly from healthy individuals. The top 10 SHAP features diving the BAG included ventricular enlargement and total grey matter volume, which was similar in psychosis to healthy individuals. In a combined psychosis group (established + recent-onset), higher BAG correlated with more severe symptoms (PANSS total, general, and anxiodepressive subscales). BAG positively associated with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy measured glutathione and negatively with N-Acetyl Aspartate.DiscussionAccelerated brain age in schizophrenia may be related to illness severity and poor defence against oxidative stress. The lack of differences in SHAP features between schizophrenia and healthy individuals suggests that the pattern of brain ageing is in keeping with advanced normal ageing. Findings suggest potential treatment targets to improve brain health in schizophrenia, warranting further research.
Continuous composite longitudinal fins under oscillating boundary conditions: a lattice Boltzmann solution
Authors: Sahu Abhishek , Bhowmick Shubhankar 
Published: July 2024

PurposeTransient response of continuous composite material (CCM) fin made of high thermally conductive composite material is presented. The continuously varying effective properties of composite material such as thermal conductivity, heat capacity and density have been modelled using the Mori-Tanaka homogenization theory and rule of mixture. Additionally, temperature dependency of thermal conductivity, heat generation (composite materials) and convection coefficient (fluid properties) have also been incorporated. Different base boundary conditions are addressed such as oscillating heat flow, oscillating temperature, step-changing heat flow and step-changing temperature. At the other boundary, the fin is assumed to have a convective tip.Design/methodology/approachLattice Boltzmann method is implemented using an in-house source code for obtaining the numerical solution of typical non-linear heat balance equation of the aforementioned problem under various transient base boundary conditions.FindingsThe effects of various thermal parameters such as material diffusivity ratio and conductivity ratio, area ratio and Biot number on transient response of fin and temperature distribution of fins are studied and interpreted. The heat transfer rate and time for attainment of steady state temperature of metal matrix composite (MMC) fin are found to be proportionally dependent on their diffusivity ratio. Additionally for higher values of area ratio and biot number, MMC fins are reported to dissipate the heat more efficiently in comparision to homogeneous fins in terms of time required to attain the steady state and surface temperature.Practical implicationsResponse of transient fin associated with advanced class of material can facilitates the practicing engineers for designing high-performance and/or miniaturized thermal management devices as used in electronic packaging industries.Originality/valueStudies of composite fin consisting of laminating second layer of material over the first layer have been reported previously, however transient response of CCM fin fabricated by continuously varying the volume fraction of two materials along the fin length has not been reported till date. Such material finds its application in thermal management and electronic packaging industries. Results are plotted in form of a graph for different application-wise material combinations that have not been reported earlier, and it can be treated as design data.
Navigating the roadmap to meta-governance adoption
Authors: Al-Adwan Ahmad Samed , Al Masaeed Sultan , Yaseen Husam , Balhareth Hamad , Al-Mu'ani Lu'ay , Pavlíková Martina 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate citizens' adoption intention towards meta-government (metaverse-based government) by proposing a dual-perspective technology acceptance model.

Design/methodology/approach
The validity of the proposed model was established by gathering and analysing 533 responses using structural equation modelling (SEM).

Findings
The study findings underscore the importance of perceptions of ease of use and usefulness in fostering the intention to adopt meta-government. However, perceived cyber risk and switching costs negatively impact these perceptions. On the contrary, herd behaviour and perceived immersion positively influence perceptions of ease of use and usefulness.

Originality/value
This study significantly contributes to the existing literature by offering valuable insights into the factors that influence citizens' adoption of meta-government. It introduces a novel perspective on the primary factors (both enablers and barriers) shaping citizens' adoption intention of meta-government. These insights serve as a foundation for scholars, governments and policymakers to develop effective strategies for promoting meta-government adoption.
Digital financial consumers' decision-making: a systematic literature review and integrative framework
Authors: Barone Marco , Bussoli Candida , Fattobene Lucrezia 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis study aims to systematically review the literature on digital consumers’ decision-making in the banking, financial services and insurance (BFSI) sector and proposes an integrative framework.Design/methodology/approachBy combining databases such as Web of Science and Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO), we identified, analyzed and synthesized 53 peer-reviewed empirical articles that explore the connection between digital solutions in the BFSI sector and various phases and constructs of the consumer decision-making process. We examined the dependent variables (DVs) used to operationalize consumer decision-making, performed a thematic analysis of the papers and proposed an integrative framework.FindingsThe reviewed articles have garnered more attention from marketing researchers than from BFSI or artificial intelligence scholars, often employing traditional behavioral and experimental methodologies that have several limitations. We identified 38 DVs used to operationalize consumer decision-making, with the most frequently recurring constructs being “Intention to use,” “Utilization,” “Satisfaction,” “Perceived usefulness” and “Trust.” We propose an integrative framework that groups these DVs into three main clusters: subjects’ perceptions, user experience and adoption/usage choice. This systematic literature review highlights the increasing importance of emotion in recent decades and underscores the difficulty of establishing a framework where relationships between variables are direct and unidirectional, as traditional economic theories assume.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to provide a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the DVs and the research methods used to study the impact of recent digital solutions on consumer decision-making in the BFSI sector. Further, a framework is proposed that can offer a new perspective for consumer research.
The hidden cost of cronyism! A nexus of knowledge hiding, moral disengagement and egoistic climate in higher educational institutions
Authors: Fatima Tehreem , Bilal Ahmad Raza , Imran Muhammad Kashif , Sarwar Ambreen , Shabeer Sobia 
Published: July 2024

PurposeDespite noted instances of organizational cronyism in public sector Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs), there is a lack of empirical evidence on its detrimental outcomes. The present investigation tested the impact of organizational cronyism on knowledge hiding via the mediating role of moral disengagement and moderating role of egoistic climate.Design/methodology/approachA multi-stage random sample was drawn from the 312 teaching faculty working in HEIs of Lahore, Pakistan in three waves. M-plus was used to validate a longitudinal moderated mediation model based on Structural Equation Modeling.FindingsThe results showed that organizational cronyism leads to knowledge hiding. In addition, it was substantiated that moral disengagement acts as a mediator in the relationship between organizational cronyism and knowledge hiding. The strengthening impact of an egoistic climate was found in the direct and indirect association between organizational cronyism, moral disengagement, and knowledge hiding.Originality/valueThere is a dearth of research on the consequences of organizational cronyism and the understanding of the factors that underlie this association is limited. This research has bridged this gap by investigating the role of moral disengagement and egoistic climate in linking organizational cronyism and knowledge-hiding by building on social exchange and social cognitive theory.
Robust and fragile determinants of the severity of COVID-19 in developing and developed countries: a comparative analysis
Authors: Moosa Imad A. , Khatatbeh Ibrahim N. 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe primary objective of this paper is to explore the robust determinants influencing the infection rate and case mortality rate of COVID-19 in both developing and developed economies. The analysis is conducted using a dataset encompassing 148 countries.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this goal, empirical testing utilizes the Sala-i-Martin version of extreme bounds analysis, a method grounded in the cumulative density function. This approach allows for a comprehensive exploration of potential determinants.FindingsThe analysis results reveal that, to a large extent, distinct factors contribute to the infection and mortality rates in developed and developing countries. Notwithstanding these differences, certain common factors emerge, such as the risk environment, the number of tests conducted per million people and the percentage of the population over 65.Originality/valueDespite acknowledging the potential limitations inherent in official data, this study concludes that the presented results offer valuable insights. The identified determinants, both unique and common, contribute to understanding the dynamics of COVID-19 in diverse economic settings. The information gleaned from this research holds significance for decision-makers involved in combating the ongoing pandemic.
Testing a novel haptic tram master controller technology via virtual reality: feasibility and user acceptance considerations
Authors: Callari Tiziana C. , Moody Louise , Horan Ben 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Virtual reality (VR) has been explored as a training and testing environment in a range of work contexts, and increasingly so in transport. There is, however, a lack of research exploring the role of VR in the training of tram drivers, and in providing an environment in which advances in tram technology can be tested safely. This study aimed to test a novel haptic tram master controller within a tram-based Virtual environment (VE).

Design/methodology/approach
The master controller is the primary mechanism for operating a tram, and its effective manipulation can significantly influence the comfort and well-being of passengers, as well as the overall safety of the tram system. Here, the authors tested a haptically enhanced master controller that provides additional sensory information with 16 tram drivers. The feasibility and user acceptance of the novel technology were determined through surveys.

Findings
The results indicate that the haptic master controller is seen as beneficial to the drivers suggesting that it could enhance their driving and demonstrate good acceptance. The VE has provided a potential training environment that was accepted by the drivers and did not cause adverse effects (e.g. sickness).

Research limitations/implications
Although this study involved actual tram drivers from a local tram company, the authors acknowledge that the sample size was small, and additional research is needed to broaden perspectives and gather more user feedback. Furthermore, while this study focused on subjective feedback to gauge user acceptance of the new haptic technology, the authors agree that future evaluations should incorporate additional objective measures.

Practical implications
The insights gained from this VE-based research can contribute to future training scenarios and inform the development of technology used in real-world tram operations.

Originality/value
Through this investigation, the authors showed the broader possibilities of haptics in enhancing the functionality and user experience of various technological devices, while also contributing to the advancement of tram systems for safer and more efficient urban mobility.
Seismic imaging of the complex geological structures in the southwestern edge of the Western limb, Bushveld Complex through focusing pre‐stack depth migration of legacy 2D seismic data
Authors: Sihoyiya Mpofana , Hloušek Felix , Manzi Musa S. D. , Rapetsoa Moyagabo K. , Buske Stefan , Khoza David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe reprocessed a 50‐km long legacy 2D reflection seismic profile acquired in 1986, under a project funded by the National Geophysics Program to improve the delineation of complex geological structures that host the platinum‐bearing horizons (known as the UG2 reef; a chromitite horizon) on the south‐eastern edge of the Western limb of the Bushveld Complex and to investigate the continuity of the reef below the thick cover. The pre‐stack seismic data quality was improved through conventional processing steps. We applied standard Kirchhoff pre‐stack depth migration as well as advanced coherency migration techniques. Both imaging techniques yielded good structural images of the platinum deposits, their hanging wall and footwall rocks. In particular, the coherency migration technique has provided significantly better images in complex faulted regions, yielding a better understanding of the interrelationship between fault activity and platinum deposit distribution, and the relative chronology of tectonic events. Moreover, the regional geological structures (Crocodile River fault and Chaneng structure) that crosscut the profile are clearly defined.
‘Becoming restrained’: Conceptualising restrictive practices in the care of people living with dementia in acute hospital settings
Authors: Mwale Shadreck , Northcott Andy , Lambert Imogen , Featherstone Katie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe use of restrictive practices within health and social care has attracted policy and practice attention, predominantly focusing on children and young people with mental health conditions, learning disabilities and autism. However, despite growing appreciation of the need to improve care quality for people living with dementia (PLWD), the potentially routine use of restrictive practices in their care has received little attention. PLWD are at significant risk of experiencing restrictive practices during unscheduled acute hospital admissions. In everyday routine hospital care of PLWD, concerns about subtle and less visible forms of restrictive practices and their impacts remain. This article draws on Deleuze’s concepts of ‘assemblage’ and ‘event’ to conceptualise restrictive practices as institutional, interconnection social and political attitudes and organisational cultural practices. We argue that this approach illuminates the diverse ways restrictive practices are used, legitimatised and perpetuated in the care of PLWD. We examine restrictive practices in acute care contexts, understanding their use requires examining the wider socio‐political, organisational cultures and professional practice contexts in which clinical practices occurs. Whereas ‘events’ and ‘assemblages’ have predominantly been used to examine embodied entanglements in diverse health contexts, examining restrictive practices as a structural assemblage extends the application of this theoretical framework.
The Impact of Medicaid Institutions for Mental Disease Exclusion Waivers on the Availability of Substance Abuse Treatment Services and the Varying Effect by Ownership Type
Authors: GE YIMIN , ROMLEY JOHN A. , PACULA ROSALIE LICCARDO 
Published: July 2024

Policy Points
The adoption of Medicaid institutions for mental disease (IMD) exclusion waivers increases the likelihood of substance abuse treatment facilities offering mental health and substance abuse treatment for co‐occurring disorders, especially in residential facilities.
There are differential responses to IMD waivers based on facility ownership. For‐profit substance abuse treatment facilities are responsive to the adoption of IMD substance use disorder waivers, whereas private not‐for‐profit and public entities are not.
The response of for‐profit facilities suggests that integration of substance abuse and mental health treatment for individuals in residential facilities may be cost‐effective.
ContextAccess to integrated care for those with co‐occurring mental health (MH) and substance use disorders (SUDs) has been limited because of an exclusion in Medicaid on paying for SUD care for those in institutions for mental disease (IMDs). Starting in 2015, the federal government encouraged states to pursue waivers of this exclusion, and by the end of 2020, 28 states had done so. It is unclear what impact these waivers have had on the availability of care for co‐occurring disorders and the characteristics of any facilities that expanded care because of them.MethodsUsing data from the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services, we estimate a two‐stage residual inclusion model including time‐ and state‐fixed effects to examine the effect of state IMD SUD waivers on the percentage of facilities offering co‐occurring MH and SUD treatment, overall and for residential facilities specifically. Separate analyses are conducted by facility ownership type.FindingsResults show that the adoption of an IMD SUD waiver is associated with 1.068 greater odds of that state having facilities offering co‐occurring MH and substance abuse (SA) treatment a year or more later. The adoption of a waiver increases the odds of a state's residential treatment facility offering co‐occurring MH and SA treatment by 1.129 a year or more later. Additionally, the results suggest 1.163 higher odds of offering co‐occurring MH/SA treatment in private for‐profit SA facilities in states that adopt an IMD SUD waiver while suggesting no significant impact on offered services by private not‐for‐profit or public facilities.ConclusionsOur study findings suggest that Medicaid IMD waivers are at least somewhat effective at impacting the population targeted by the policy. Importantly, we find that there are differential responses to these IMD waivers based on facility ownership, providing new evidence for the literature on the role of ownership in the provision of health care.