bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greeks in the Russian Empire and their Role in the Development of Trade and Shipping in the Black and Azov Seas (nineteenth – early twentieth centuries)
Authors: Shliakhov Oleksei 
Published: March 2015

<p>The article aims to survey the role of Greek entrepreneurs in the development of trade and shipping in the Black and Azov Sea area. Based on hitherto under-analyzed Ukrainian archival records of Greek communities (in Odessa, Izmail, Nikolaiev, Kherson, Feodosiia, Berdiansk, Mariupol, Taganrog, Rostov-upon-Don and Kerch), the article explores the professional activities of Greek merchants, captains, engineers, pilots and sailors during the nineteenth century and the early twentieth.</p>
Loyaume and Νomarchie: Κeywords of the French revolution in the Greek vocabulary
Authors: Sfoini Alexandra 
Published: March 2015

<p>The French Revolution was the occasion for the reformulation of the definitions of basic concepts as <em>liberté</em>, <em>égalité</em>, <em>fraternité</em>, <em>nation</em>, <em>patrie</em>, etc. At the same time a lexical creativity, a large quantity of words appeared, some of them total news or with new significations, temporary or persistants (<em>aristocruche</em>, <em>humanicide</em>, <em>enragés</em>, <em>loyaume</em>, etc.).</p><p>This paper examines aspects of lexical and semantic developments in Greek language focussing on the era of the French Revolution. This important period was characterized by intensified contacts with Western Europe. In this process, Greek intellectuals expressed an open admiration of the new French model of the nation in their political works and attempted to form a new political language. Most of the modern notions were introduced from the French language, which in his turn had acquired a large amount of greek-latin loan words. The intercultural dimension provide the tools for analysing the ways in which the new terms and concepts were transfered to the greek vocabulary. These processes are examined as reflected in the <em>Hellenic Nomarchy </em>(Italy 1806), a crucial text of the period. </p>
Museum «Maclay Coast» in the Crimea and its educaonal potenal
Authors: Бойчук Мария , Boychuk Mariya 
Published: March 2015

The example of the life and scientific deed of the Russian scientist and traveler Nikolai Miklouho-Maclay gives us an opportunity to foster in society, especially in the younger generation spiritual qualities derived from the perception of the ideals of Kindness, Humanity, Honor, Oneness. The outstanding scientist chose them as a guide, steadily embodying in reality a grand goal, worthy of all human life. Maclay saw a unique way to achieve it, and during his short life he has reached his goal — scientifically proved to the world that all men are created equal, that there is no superior and inferior races. Thus, Maclay has made the very justification of slavery impossible, denouncing it as a shameful phenomenon degrading human dignity. And, as evidenced by the historical facts, he has successfully coped with the task in front of him. Publication in press of scientific researches and wrathful articles in defense of the black population gave rise to the liberation struggle against colonialism, and eventually enslaved nations gained independence. That is, Maclay efforts were not in vain. This is another proof that in this world nothing goes without leaving a trace. Every thought, every human action has consequences. So one has responsibility to monitor the purity of his thoughts and actions.
Educational potential of the personality of the scientist, which deserves certainly our utmost attention, is revealed in the context of the book by Mary Boychuk &#34;Knight of Humanism: Nikolai Maclay.&#34; In addition, the &#34;Maclay Coast&#34; museum guide prepared a teaching aid &#34;Educational potential of the personality of N.N Miklouho-Maclay.&#34;
Each lecture-tour is accompanied by quoting statements of authoritative researcher and demonstration of fragments of the film, created according to his diaries in 1947. In such a way the museum provides systematic work on upbringing of strong-willed personality able to endure the trials of life; education of the individual, which recognizes that man is primarily a Spiritual essence, that he is responsible for his life and is able to influence the formation of true values in society and as a consequence to change the quality of life of the society in which the man resides; upbringing the sense of patriotism and awareness of higher destination of human.
Illumination through illustration: Research methods and authorial practice
Authors: Black Stephanie 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This article proposes that the emerging field of illustration research embraces practice-led research, and will argue that it benefits practice outside of formal academic research. The author’s practice-led Ph.D. research provides the tools that will be used to investigate illustration methodologies within a research practice. These can be adopted to complement industry-oriented, brief-led ways of working to provide long-term transferable skills, enabling illustrators to be entrepreneurial, and give them a robust set of methods to identify and interrogate their subject matter.
Riccati-Trajektorienoptimierung für den aktiven Fußgängerschutz
Authors: Werling Moritz , Gutjahr Benjamin , Galler Stefan , Gröll Lutz 
Published: March 2015

Zusammenfassung
In vielen kritischen Verkehrssituationen kann eine Kollision nicht durch alleiniges Bremsen vermieden werden. Insbesondere bei plötzlich den Fahrkorridor betretenden Fußgängern reicht der Bremsweg häufig nicht aus, um rechtzeitig zum Stehen zu kommen. Aus diesem Grund wird ein Trajektorienoptimierungsalgorithmus als wichtiger Teil einer automatischen Ausweichassistenz vorgeschlagen, welcher auf der Optimalsteuerungstheorie basiert. Mittels einer geeignet gewählten Zustands- und Zeittransformation wird die Suche nach einer passenden Ausweichtrajektorie als ein linear-quadratisches Optimierungsproblem formuliert. Dessen Lösung kann entsprechend der Vorgehensweise der Riccati-Zustandsregelung für endliche Optimierungshorizonte äußerst effizient berechnet werden, was eine Implementierung auf Automobil-Seriensteuergeräten mit Zykluszeiten im Millisekundenbereich ermöglicht. Der Funktionsnachweis erfolgt anhand eines im Realversuch nachgestellten Fußgängerszenarios.
Automated driving, technical approach with motion control architecture
Authors: Raste Thomas , Lüke Stefan , Eckert Alfred 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Automated Driving is the key technology for greater safety, comfort and efficiency in personal transportation. Motion Control ensures
that the high-level behavior planning is carried out properly even in case of failures and disturbances. Based on the flatness property
a feedforward trajectory control is obtained to ensure lateral motion along prescribed trajectories. An optimal state feedback control
reduces the effects of disturbances like side wind or road bank to a minimum.
Minimally invasive procedure for type II canal defect caesarean scar pregnancy with cardiac activity and high hCG titres at 8+2 weeks of gestation
Authors: Yapar Eyi Elif Gul 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Type II caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) not only poses important maternal hazards, such as severe bleeding, uterine rupture, disseminated intravascular coagulation and maternal death due to its abnormal location and invasive characteristics, but its surgical management may lead to operative complications and even loss of fertility. The sonographic and Doppler findings of a “canal defect CSP” that has previously been hypothesised, but not illustrated, are presented here. A minimally invasive approach was performed in the presence of a 38.3 mm gestational sac (GS) with a crown rump length of 11.3 mm embryo (8+2 weeks of gestation) and cardiac activity with high (118,839.2 mIU/mL) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels. A transabdominal intragestational sac injection of potassium chloride to stop cardiac activity, and consecutively, methotrexate (MTX) was given before systemic MTX therapy. Embryonic cardiac activity stopped. Systemic methotrexate was repeated 8 days after the procedure. While vaginal bleeding ceased in 3 weeks with gradual shrinkage of the GS, hCG fell to non-pregnant levels within 112 days (16 weeks); complete resolution of the ectopic mass required 8 months. This is the first report presenting the success of a minimally invasive procedure at a hCG level of 118,839.2 mIU/mL with embryonic cardiac activity in type II CSP.
Involucral Bracts Anatomy in the Capitulum of Primitive Strains and Modern Genotypes of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Rosetti M. V. , Hernández L. F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe anatomy of involucral bracts (IB) of the capitulum was studied in two sunflower domesticated primitive genotypes (Helianthus annuusL.), Havasupai and Hopi, HA89B line and DKOP3845 hybrid. Stomata and trichomes were counted on the adaxial and abaxial epidermis. In all cases the IB showed an one-layered adaxial and abaxial epidermis, secretory ducts and parenchymatic cells with abundant chloroplast. The vascular system was similar to that of the foliage leaves; however, their bundles were smaller, with an abaxial surface with higher abundance of glandular and non-glandular trichomes and with the presence of stomatas. IB of Havasupai and Hopi showed higher number of adaxial hypodermic strata than those of HA89B and DKOP3845 (4 vs. 1) and one mesophyllum with inverted polarity with respect to a foliage leaf: the presence of a spongy parenchyma on the adaxial side was observed with a rudimentary palisade parenchyma on the abaxial side. Stomatal density of the IB was significantly higher in Hopi and Havasupai than in HA89B and DKOP3845, with values ranging from 132 to 156 vs. 73 to 110 stomata/mm2respectively. It is concluded that from the functional point of view, sunflower breeding produced undesired changes in the IB anatomy.
Ordnung und Abweichung. Jurij M. Lotmans Grenzüberschreitungstheorie aus modallogischer Perspektive
Authors: Klimczak Peter , Petersen Christer 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn the 1970s and 1980s, literary theorists, particularly in the German-speaking world, showed increasing interest in appropriating the distinctive methodologies of both the positivist social sciences and the natural sciences. Alongside empirical (e. g. Groeben 1982) and analytical approaches to literature (e. g. Fink/Schmidt 1984), the structuralist school shaped by Lotman’s narrative theory attempted a scientific turn in literary theory (cf. Köppe/Winko 2010), aiming for an exact science, or at least one more exact than the traditional ›art of interpretation‹ admitted by Staiger (1955). We trace the structuralist approach, or more precisely, the central aspect of structuralist narratology, the theory of boundary-crossing, first in Lotman (1979), and then criticise Renner’s remodelling based on formal logic (1983), and finally remodel boundary-crossing theory by means of modal logic. By doing this, we hope to demonstrate the potential of a methodologically self-aware, terminologically precise text analysis that is therefore capable of intersubjectivity.At the beginning of the 1970s, the Estonian literary scholar and cultural semiotician Jurij M. Lotman took as his starting point the strong human affinity for the replication of abstract systems (The most influential formulation of Lotman’s boundary-crossing theory – at least in the German speaking world – was that of Karl N. Renner in the early 1980s. Renner understood events to be disruptions of order, and disruptions of order in turn as logical contradictions. In addition to the formal logic representation of disruptions of order, Lotman and Renner differ in that Renner presupposes that the ›eventful situation‹ arisesThe consequences of the principle of non-contradiction do not occur to Renner. While Renner is, in fact, dissatisfied with his model, for him the problem lies in a different circumstance: his ordering statements lack the characteristics of postulates. It can be deduced from his writings that he wishes his ordering statements to be understood as normative statements. However, non-modal sentences, and these are precisely what Renner uses, do not describe, even in the case of subjunctions/implications, what should be, but merely whatThis problem, addressed but not explored by Renner, can be solved with the help of normative reasoning/deontic modal logic. Instead of an operator of necessity, here an operator of obligation is used. Using this operator, we can produce contradiction-free statements about how something should be, which can be placed in relation to selective statements about how things are. Our aim, however, is not exclusively or primarily to criticise Renner, but rather to develop the particular benefits which these consideration of formal logic bring to cross-boundary theory – namely the connection between the quality of the ordering statements, and the durative and non-durative aspect of events.We demonstrate this using Pierre Boulles’ 1963 novel
Influences of extraframework cations on features of natrolite group zeolites: the crystal structure of partly dehydrated K-containing paranatrolite
Authors: Seryotkin Yurii , Bakakin Vladimir 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The partly dehydrated paranatrolite from the Khibiny massif, Russia, Na1.88K0.22Ca0.06[Al2.24Si2.76O10]·2.5H2O, has a space group F1d1 and the unit cell parameters a = 18.6586(5), b = 18.6536(5), c = 6.64119(13) Å, β = 90.199(2)°, and Z = 8. The dominant Na+ cations are located nearby the sodium positions in the natrolite structure. The potassium cations occupy two individual positions. Their different occupancies define the retention of the monoclinic distortion of the structure. H2O molecules statistically occupy eight positions, six being generated with a triple splitting of two positions. Three kinds of main local cation-water assemblages were distinguished, two being similar to the assemblages in the initial high-water paranatrolite. The comparison with the gonnardite and paranatrolite structures determined previously was carried out. Common structural characteristics of natrolite group minerals are suggested from the local water-cation assemblages.
Ergebnisse der Tieftemperaturforschung
Authors: Clusius Klaus , Piesbergen Ulrich 
Published: March 2015

Mit einem Ruthenzylinder von 100 g Gewicht wird die Atomwärme konstanten Drucks Cp zwischen 10°K und 0°C gemessen. Die Normalentropie ergibt sich graphisch bei 25°C zu 6,82 ± 0,05 Clausius. Unterhalb von 22°K läßt sich die Atomwärme als Summe der Gitterwärme Cg, die dem T3-Gesetz folgt, und einer mit T linear ansteigenden Elektronenwärme Ce wiedergeben:
Ruthen: Cχ=464,5(T/505)3+6,2·10-4 T.
WOLCOTT fand in diesem Bereich die charakteristische Temperatur zu 503° und den Koeffizienten der Elektronenwärme zu 8,0 · 10-4. Die Elektronenwärme macht sich auch oberhalb von 100°K durch einen Abfall der θ-Werte bemerkbar, ganz ähnlich wie es bei Iridium und Rhodium der Fall ist. Diese Temperaturabhängigkeit verschwindet, wenn die Elektronenwärme zu 6,7 · 10-4 T cal/Grad, also nur unbedeutend größer als bei Wasserstofftemperaturen angesetzt wird. Die Gitterwärme kann dann durch eine konstante charakteristische DEBYE-Temperatur von 382° dargestellt werden.
Zum Einbau von einigen Lanthaniden in Gd2Cl3 / Incorporation of Some Lanthanides into Gd2Cl3
Authors: Simon A. , Mattausch Hj. , Mikheev N. B. , Keller C. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Co-crystallization experiments with radioactive isotopes of lanthanides (Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Tm, Yb) show that only Tb is incorporated by Gd2Cl3 in a significant amount. The results are discussed in terms of the electronic configuration of Ln2+ ions as well as redox potentials E°(Ln3+/Ln2+).
X-Ray Structures of Several Bis(N-alkylsalicylaldiminato)zinc(II) Complexes
Authors: Dreher Michael , Elias Horst , Paulus Helmut 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
X-ray structures of five bis(N - R-salicylaldiminato)zinc(II) complexes with R = ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl and 4-thia-n-hexyl were determined. The N2O2 coordination geometry is in all cases quasi-tetrahedral with the dihedral angle between the planes of the two chelate rings ranging from 84 to 89°. Bond lengths and angles in the coordination sphere are not affected by the nature of R or by a methoxy substituent in 4-position of the salicylaldimine. The potentially tridentate ONS ligand N(4-thia-n-hexyl)salicylaldimine is also coordinated only in a bidentate NO fashion.
Über die Reaktion von Chromocen mit einem Co/Kieselgel-Träger / On the Reaction of Chromocene with a Co/Silica Gel Support
Authors: Rebenstorf Bernd 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The IR spectra of the modified chromocene/Co/silica gel catalyst show a band at 3118 cm" 1 of the cyclopentadienyl ligand, which is shifted by -1-20 cm' 1 compared to the unmodified chromocene/silica gel catalyst. The comparably slow CO adsorption yields two bands at low Cr concentration (-0.1% Cr) at 2065 and 2022 cm" 1 and two more at higher Cr concentration (-1% Cr) at 2028 and 1961 cm -1 . Both band pairs are significantly different from that observed with the "normal" chromocene/silica gel catalyst at 2046 and 1974 cm -1 . No CO IR bands at low wavenumbers were observed with the modified catalyst.
Polymerisation measurements showed a slightly lower concentration of catalytically active sites (35% of Cr) for the modified catalyst compared to the unmodified one (50%), while the poly-merisation activity decreased by a factor of four (Cr concentration: 0.083%).
It was concluded that the surrounding of the dimeric surface site is changed by Co on the silica gel surface of the chromocen catalyst and that this change is important for the CO adsorption and the polymerisation activity.
Magnetic and Spectroscopic Properties of Metal(II) Thiocyanate Compounds with 3,4-Dialkyl Substituted 1,2,4-TriazoIes
Authors: Vreugdenhil Wim , Schoondergang Marcel F. J. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Syntheses, spectroscopic and magnetic properties are described of a series of metal(II) thio-cyanate compounds with the asymmetric ligands 3-methyl-4-ethyl-l,2,4-triazole and 3-methyl-4-;-butyl-l,2,4-triazole. A dinuclear structure is proposed for the manganese, cobalt and nickel compounds based on the magnetic behaviour as well as on spectroscopic and analytical data. These compounds show antiferromagnetic interaction in the temperature range 4—80 K. The zinc compounds appear to be mononuclear, whereas a chain-like structure is proposed for the cad-mium compounds.
Polysulfid-Radikalionen in Aceton / Polysulfide Radical Ions in Acetone
Authors: Seel F. , Wagner M. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The formation of sulfur radical ions S 3 ~ and S 4 " in the blue and violet solutions of potassium sulfide and sulfur in acetone on adding 18C6 crown ether has been demonstrated by spectrophotometric titra-tion under anaerobic conditions. Neither the colour nor the spectra of the solutions point at S 2 ~.
Combined Nurr1 and Foxa2 roles in the therapy of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Oh Sang‐Min , Chang Mi‐Yoon , Song Jae‐Jin , Rhee Yong‐Hee , Joe Eun‐Hye , Lee Hyun‐Seob , Yi Sang‐Hoon , Lee Sang‐Hun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractUse of the physiological mechanisms promoting midbrainDA(mDA) neuron survival seems an appropriate option for developing treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD).mDAneurons are specifically marked by expression of the transcription factors Nurr1 and Foxa2. We show herein that Nurr1 and Foxa2 interact to protectmDAneurons against various toxic insults, but their expression is lost during aging and degenerative processes. In addition to their proposed cell‐autonomous actions inmDAneurons, forced expression of these factors in neighboring glia synergistically protects degeneratingmDAneurons in a paracrine mode. As a consequence of these bimodal actions, adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated gene delivery of Nurr1 and Foxa2 in aPDmouse model markedly protectedmDAneurons and motor behaviors associated with nigrostriatalDAneurotransmission. The effects of the combined gene delivery were dramatic, highly reproducible, and sustained for at least 1 year, suggesting that expression of these factors is a promising approach in PD therapy.
Rediscovering Islam in Javanese History
Authors: Ricklefs M.C. 
Published: March 2015

Developments in our understanding of Javanese history have displaced a previously influential paradigm about the role of Islam in Javanese society. The view that Islam was marginal was exemplified in Van Leur’s description of Islam as ‘a thin, easily flaking glaze’ or Geertz’s observation that ‘It is very hard … for a Javanese to be a “real Moslem”’. This paradigm implicitly posited an authentic Javanese culture which was essentially pre-Islamic in origin which limited Islamization. Stereotypes of Javanese culture and of Islam underlay this paradigm. The previous paradigm was mainly formed during the period of abangan prominence. Subsequent developments in Javanese society and new historical research have led to a rediscovery of the important role of Islam in Javanese history, showing the older paradigm to be false and the stereotypes to be unsustainable.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v21i3.1216
Babak Baru Ketegangan Islam dan Kristen di Indonesia
Authors: Mubarok Husni 
Published: March 2015

Melissa Crouch, Law and Religion in Indonesia: Conflict and the Courts in West Java, (New York: Routledge Contemporary Southeast Asia Series. 2014), xxvi + 214 pages.The effects of Islamization and Christianization have influenced the dynamics of the relationship between Islam and Christianity in Indonesia. For many Muslims, Christianization is perceived as a threat to the future of Indonesian Islam. Christians sense that, especially, the Islamization of public policy, is, likewise, a threat. Law and Religion in Indonesia, written by Melissa Crouch, analyses current data of the relationship between the two largest religions in Indonesia. The book focuses on why tensions between Islam and Christianity—and particularly concerning the issue of Christianization—have emerged as severely as they have since the onset of the democracy period. It analyses how Islamic groups have responded around Christianization. The tensions between the religions have changed with the trend toward the politization of religion. At the same time, the new policy of decentralization has shifted religious-based political competition from the national level to the regions.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v21i3.1221
Grupos estratégicos de investigación en escuelas de negocios y su relación con el desempeño: el caso de Chile
Authors: Araya Castillo Luis 
Published: March 2015

La presente investigación contextualiza cómo los mercados de educación superior se caracterizan por ser altamente competitivos. Esta situación se observa especialmente en las escuelas de negocios, las cuales toman decisiones que se enfocan en la creación de una imagen de reputación académica; por ejemplo, invertir recursos en investigación para ganar posiciones de liderazgo a nivel nacional e internacional. Aun cuando las escuelas de negocios ofrecen programas de estudios con un alto enfoque práctico y profesional, las actividades de investigación les permiten desarrollar conocimiento y vincularsecon los sectores privado y público. En este contexto, y recurriendo a la teoría degrupos estratégicos para estudiar su comportamiento en investigación, se consideraron las escuelas de negocios chilenas que aparecen en el ranking MBA de América Economía.Los resultados permiten identificar cuatros grupos estratégicos de investigación, de acuerdo con las decisiones que adoptan las escuelas de negocios en producción académica, equipo de investigación y difusión académica. Finalmente, se describe cómo la inversión realizada por las escuelas de negocios en fuentes de investigación tienen impacto en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional, tales como: acreditación internacional, posición en ranking de calidad y arancel de los programas de MBA.