bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chine-Taïwan : ennemis un peu, partenaires beaucoup
Authors: Courmont Barthélemy 
Published: February 2014

L’amélioration spectaculaire de la relation Chine-Taïwan depuis l’élection du président Ma Ying-jeou en 2008 redéfinit non seulement les liens économiques entre Taipei et Pékin, mais potentiellement le dialogue sécuritaire dans le détroit. Un nouvel accord-cadre (ECFA), des échanges multiples et des rencontres caractérisent le réengagement entre ces deux ennemis traditionnels. En parallèle, on observe le développement d’un nationalisme « taïwanais », qui a lentement remplacé le nationalisme « chinois » et changé la nature de cette relation, ainsi que sa finalité.
BCE, le nouvel empereur de l'Europe
Authors: Bouchard Jean-François 
Published: February 2014

Avec la mise en place dans l’Union européenne du Mécanisme de supervision unique des banques, et la création très récente du Mécanisme de résolution unique, cette construction technocratique hyper-complexe et sous-financée, le centre de gravité du pouvoir économique européen s’est déplacé vers Francfort et vers la Banque centrale européenne, nouvel empereur de l’Europe. Sa domination ne va pas sans heurts : l’Allemagne, ancienne puissance dominante, est le dernier bastion de résistance du pouvoir national. Mais c’est peine perdue, la BCE a déjà conquis le trône de l’Europe. Il lui reste à justifier cette position, en réussissant à prendre le contrôle effectif de la finance européenne et en apportant une réponse à la problématique des dettes souveraines, qui compromet le redressement de l’économie européenne du fait du désordre dans lequel les gouvernements s’attaquent à la question.
Violence d'État et ordre criminel. Les coûts de la guerre perdue du Michoacán, Mexique
Authors: Maldonado Aranda Salvador 
Published: February 2014

Cet article décrit les manières dont la violence d’État contre le crime organisé contribue à l’émergence d’un ordre informel et contingent. Ce phénomène peut être analysé à l’aide de la notion centrale de « liaison dangereuse », c’est-à-dire en saisissant les modalités d’articulation entre un État policier et le crime organisé afin de produire des violences quotidiennes et des formes de victimisation. Pour ce faire, nous avons centré notre analyse sur une des organisations délinquantes les plus caractéristiques, Les Chevaliers Templiers. Nous questionnerons leur formation, leurs relations avec l’État ou la population. Enfin nous interrogerons les raisons de leur enracinement social malgré la mise en place de politiques gouvernementales visant à les éliminer. Aussi nous rendrons-nous compte, leçons historiques et exemples ethnographiques à l’appui, que la violence mexicaine est d’une nature plus complexe que ne le prétendent les rapports officiels et certains quotidiens.
Jump-Landing Biomechanics and Knee-Laxity Change Across the Menstrual Cycle in Women With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Bell David R. , Blackburn J. Troy , Hackney Anthony C. , Marshall Stephen W. , Beutler Anthony I. , Padua Darin A. 
Published: February 2014

Context:Of the individuals able to return to sport participation after an anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injury, up to 25% will experience a second ACL injury. This population may be more sensitive to hormonal fluctuations, which may explain this high rate of second injury.Objective:To examine changes in 3-dimensional hip and knee kinematics and kinetics during a jump landing and to examine knee laxity across the menstrual cycle in women with histories of unilateral noncontact ACL injury.Design Controlled laboratory study.Setting:Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants:A total of 20 women (age = 19.6 ± 1.3 years, height = 168.6 ± 5.3 cm, mass = 66.2 ± 9.1 kg) with unilateral, noncontact ACL injuries.Intervention(s)Participants completed a jump-landing task and knee-laxity assessment 3 to 5 days after the onset of menses and within 3 days of a positive ovulation test.Main Outcome Measure(s):Kinematics in the uninjured limb at initial contact with the ground during a jump landing, peak kinematics and kinetics during the loading phase of landing, anterior knee laxity via the KT-1000, peak vertical ground reaction force, and blood hormone concentrations (estradiol-β-17, progesterone, free testosterone).Results:At ovulation, estradiol-β-17 (t = −2.9, P = .009), progesterone (t = −3.4, P = .003), and anterior knee laxity (t = −2.3, P = .03) increased, and participants presented with greater knee-valgus moment (Z = −2.6, P = .01) and femoral internal rotation (t = −2.1, P = .047). However, during the menses test session, participants landed harder (greater peak vertical ground reaction force; t = 2.2, P = .04), with the tibia internally rotated at initial contact (t = 2.8, P = .01) and greater hip internal-rotation moment (Z = −2.4, P = .02). No other changes were observed across the menstrual cycle.ConclusionsKnee and hip mechanics in both phases of the menstrual cycle represented a greater potential risk of ACL loading. Observed changes in landing mechanics may explain why the risk of second ACL injury is elevated in this population.
Joint Stability Characteristics of the Ankle Complex After Lateral Ligamentous Injury, Part I: A Laboratory Comparison Using Arthrometric Measurement
Authors: Kovaleski John E. , Heitman Robert J. , Gurchiek Larry R. , Hollis J. M. , Liu Wei , IV Albert W. Pearsall 
Published: February 2014

Context:The mechanical property of stiffness may be important to investigating how lateral ankle ligament injury affects the behavior of the viscoelastic properties of the ankle complex. A better understanding of injury effects on tissue elastic characteristics in relation to joint laxity could be obtained from cadaveric study.Objective:To biomechanically determine the laxity and stiffness characteristics of the cadaver ankle complex before and after simulated injury to the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) during anterior drawer and inversion loading.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:University research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants:Seven fresh-frozen cadaver ankle specimens.Intervention(s):All ankles underwent loading before and after simulated lateral ankle injury using an ankle arthrometer.Main Outcome Measure(s):The dependent variables were anterior displacement, anterior end-range stiffness, inversion rotation, and inversion end-range stiffness.Results:Isolated ATFL and combined ATFL and CFL sectioning resulted in increased anterior displacement but not end-range stiffness when compared with the intact ankle. With inversion loading, combined ATFL and CFL sectioning resulted in increased range of motion and decreased end-range stiffness when compared with the intact and ATFL-sectioned ankles.Conclusions:The absence of change in anterior end-range stiffness between the intact and ligament-deficient ankles indicated bony and other soft tissues functioned to maintain stiffness after pathologic joint displacement, whereas inversion loading of the CFL-deficient ankle after pathologic joint displacement indicated the ankle complex was less stiff when supported only by the secondary joint structures.
Joint Stability Characteristics of the Ankle Complex in Female Athletes With Histories of Lateral Ankle Sprain, Part II: Clinical Experience Using Arthrometric Measurement
Authors: Kovaleski John E. , Heitman Robert J. , Gurchiek Larry R. , Hollis J. M. , Liu Wei , IV Albert W. Pearsall 
Published: February 2014

Context:
This is part II of a 2-part series discussing stability characteristics of the ankle complex. In part I, we used a cadaver model to examine the effects of sectioning the lateral ankle ligaments on anterior and inversion motion and stiffness of the ankle complex. In part II, we wanted to build on and apply these findings to the clinical assessment of ankle-complex motion and stiffness in a group of athletes with a history of unilateral ankle sprain.

Objective:
To examine ankle-complex motion and stiffness in a group of athletes with reported history of lateral ankle sprain.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
University research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Twenty-five female college athletes (age = 19.4 ± 1.4 years, height = 170.2 ± 7.4 cm, mass = 67.3 ± 10.0 kg) with histories of unilateral ankle sprain.

Intervention(s):
All ankles underwent loading with an ankle arthrometer. Ankles were tested bilaterally.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
The dependent variables were anterior displacement, anterior end-range stiffness, inversion rotation, and inversion end-range stiffness.

Results:
Anterior displacement of the ankle complex did not differ between the uninjured and sprained ankles (P = .37), whereas ankle-complex rotation was greater for the sprained ankles (P = .03). The sprained ankles had less anterior and inversion end-range stiffness than the uninjured ankles (P &lt; .01).

Conclusions:
Changes in ankle-complex laxity and end-range stiffness were detected in ankles with histories of sprain. These results indicate the presence of altered mechanical characteristics in the soft tissues of the sprained ankles.
Lower Extremity Biomechanics in Athletes With Ankle Instability After a 6-Week Integrated Training Program
Authors: Huang Pi-Yin , Chen Wen-Ling , Lin Cheng-Feng , Lee Heng-Ju 
Published: February 2014

Context:
Plyometric exercise has been recommended to prevent lower limb injury, but its feasibility in and effects on those with functional ankle instability (FAI) are unclear.

Objective:
To investigate the effect of integrated plyometric and balance training in participants with FAI during a single-legged drop landing and single-legged standing position.

Design:
Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting:
University motion-analysis laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Thirty athletes with FAI were divided into 3 groups: plyometric group (8 men, 2 women, age = 23.20 ± 2.82 years; 10 unstable ankles), plyometric-balance (integrated)–training group (8 men, 2 women, age = 23.80 ± 4.13 years; 10 unstable ankles), and control group (7 men, 3 women, age = 23.50 ± 3.00 years; 10 unstable ankles).

Intervention(s):
A 6-week plyometric-training program versus a 6-week integrated-training program.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Postural sway during single-legged standing with eyes open and closed was measured before and after training. Kinematic data were recorded during medial and lateral single-legged drop landings after a 5-second single-legged stance.

Results:
Reduced postural sway in the medial-lateral direction and reduced sway area occurred in the plyometric- and integrated-training groups. Generally, the plyometric training and integrated training increased the maximum angles at the hip and knee in the sagittal plane, reduced the maximum angles at the hip and ankle in the frontal and transverse planes in the lateral drop landing, and reduced the time to stabilization for knee flexion in the medial drop landing.

Conclusions:
After 6 weeks of plyometric training or integrated training, individuals with FAI used a softer landing strategy during drop landings and decreased their postural sway during the single-legged stance. Plyometric training improved static and dynamic postural control and should be incorporated into rehabilitation programs for those with FAI.
Proton Pump Inhibitors versus Solitary Lifestyle Modification in Management of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and Evaluating who is at Risk: Scenario in a Developing Country
Authors: Chappity Preetam , Kumar Rakesh , Deka Ramesh C. , Chokkalingam Venkatakarthikeyan , Saraya Anoop , Sikka Kapil 
Published: February 2014

Background Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease can present with a varied symptomatology because of the involvement of multiple sub-sites of the upper aero-digestive tract. It is a very common disease to be encountered in routine practice by both medical and ENT personnel. Its association with multiple pathologies including malignancy warrants an early diagnosis and management. The lack of cost effective and non-invasive tests constitutes a major hurdle in its early management. Objectives 1. To define the “at risk” population, prone to developing laryngopharyngeal reflux. 2. To formulate major and minor risk factors for the clinical diagnosis of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux. 3. To evaluate the efficacy of lifestyle management alone as a treatment option. 4. To formulate a treatment protocol for the management of patients and to prevent recurrence. Study Design We performed a prospective analysis of 234 patients diagnosed with laryngopharyngeal reflux. Patients were randomized into study and control groups based on the treatment protocol, using a computer generated randomization table and were single blinded to the type of therapy received. A complete analysis of the possible risk factors, symptoms, and signs was performed with statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion The data has helped us define the “at risk” population and formulate the criteria to diagnose cases of laryngopharyngeal reflux, clinically. The results emphasize the non-requirement of invasive or costly investigations for all patients and indicate the probable protocol to be followed prior to considering further investigation. The role of long term proton pump inhibitor treatment along with lifestyle modification in the initial phase of treatment, as mentioned in the literature, was re-confirmed by our study. However, in addition to the initial treatment, the study establishes the need for continuing lifestyle modification further for at least six months after the cessation of proton pump inhibitor therapy to prevent early recurrence of symptoms.
General Solutions for a Class of Inverse Quadratic Eigenvalue Problems
Authors: Tan Xiaoqin , Wang Li 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBased on various matrix decompositions, we compare different techniques for solving the inverse quadratic eigenvalue problem, where n × n real symmetric matrices M, C and K are constructed so that the quadratic pencil Q(λ) = λ2M + λC + K yields good approximations for the given k eigenpairs. We discuss the case where M is positive definite for 1 ≤ k ≤ n, and a general solution to this problem for n + 1 ≤ k ≤ 2n. The efficiency of our methods is illustrated by some numerical experiments.
Using the Australian Therapy Outcome Measures for Occupational Therapy (AusTOMs-OT) to Measure Client Participation Outcomes
Authors: Abu-Awad Yasar , Unsworth Carolyn A , Coulson Melissa , Sarigiannis Mary 
Published: February 2014

Introduction: Measuring change in clients' ‘participation’, and being able to attribute this change to occupational therapy intervention, is important in the quest to provide evidence to support practice. The Australian Therapy Outcome Measures for Occupational Therapy is an outcome measure that has four domains, one of which is concerned with measuring client participation. An occupational therapy service wanted to determine if client level of participation was improving, as measured by the Australian Therapy Outcome Measures for Occupational Therapy. Method: Data were collected between 2009 and 2012 from three home-based therapy services, using the Australian Therapy Outcome Measures for Occupational Therapy. Data were divided into diagnostic cohorts, and then exploratory data analysis techniques and paired t-tests were performed. Findings: Data from 506 participants were analysed and clients in all diagnostic groups made statistically (p < .05) significant improvements over time in relation to their participation. Conclusion: Most clients in this study improved or maintained their level of participation between admission and discharge, with few clients deteriorating, when measured on the Australian Therapy Outcome Measures for Occupational Therapy scales. These results suggest the home-based therapy service was meeting its goal, and further supports the responsiveness of the Australian Therapy Outcome Measures for Occupational Therapy to detect change in clients' participation status over time. Randomized control trials are needed to determine whether improvements in participation are due to engaging in the occupational therapy program.
Comparing Communal Environments Using the Assessment Tool for Occupation and Social Engagement: Using Interactive Occupation and Social Engagement as Outcome Measures
Authors: Morgan-Brown Mark , Chard Gill 
Published: February 2014

Introduction: Interactive occupation and social engagement are important components of quality of life for residents with dementia in nursing homes. Communal living spaces should be evaluated on these qualities. Two Irish nursing homes were compared pre and post conversion from a traditional to a household model unit using the Assessment Tool for Occupation and Social Engagement. This assessment uses interactive occupation and social engagement as positive outcome measures. Method: Residents, staff, and relatives were observed pre and post renovation over a 6-week period using a snapshot observational method over 4 hours on 7 different weekdays. Findings: Changing from a traditional to a household model nursing home increased the interactive occupation and social engagement of residents, staff, and visitors within the communal living areas. The role of a homemaker in the household unit was critical for maintaining residents' participation and engagement, including engaging in familiar everyday domestic tasks. Conclusion: Interactive occupation and social engagement were significantly increased in the household model unit over the traditional model unit, particularly for residents. In the household model unit, more residents initiated and maintained their own interactions within the communal environment and did not require prompting from staff to do this.
Outcome Measures for Wheelchair and Seating Provision: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Kenny Siobhan , Gowran Rosemary Joan 
Published: February 2014

Introduction: Every aspect of the wheelchair and seating provision process has an impact on overall outcomes for service users. This critical appraisal sought to identify outcome measures suitable for evaluation of wheelchair and seating provision, considering activity, participation, and impact of the service delivery on quality of life. Method: Outcome measures were identified using databases: Medline, CINHAL, PsychInfo, and Google Scholar. An evaluation was conducted to establish those that were particularly useful and a critical appraisal was completed. Findings: Five outcome measures identified as relevant for critical appraisal included: Wheelchair Outcome Measure; Functioning Every day in a Wheelchair; Goal Attainment Scale; Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scales; and the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology. The strengths and limitations of each were identified. Conclusion: No single outcome measure captures all necessary information; trade-offs are inevitable. When choosing an outcome measure, the specific goals of the service evaluation and the resources available need to be considered within context. Critical appraisal of five outcome measures deemed appropriate for the evaluation highlighted some areas for consideration to inform decision making. A move towards sustainability indicators is suggested to monitor, measure, and respond to the provision processes and outcomes required to meet this primary need.
Cerebral Revolt:
Authors: Papanikolas Theresa 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
World War I was a time of acute crisis for the French anarchist movement. At its outset, a number of prominent anarchists turned their backs on the movement's revolutionary politics and advocated for the defense of France against foreign invasion. Once the war was over, the rapid growth of the Partie Communiste Française installed Marxism Leninism as the dominant political discourse on the Left. In this article I examine one response to these developments: the small-run periodicals issued during and immediately following the war, where anarchist-individualist notions of “cerebral revolt”—that is, revolutionary actions founded not on insurrection, but on active and nonviolent efforts to undermine authoritarianism through individual and subversive intellectual pursuits—found particularly fertile ground.
Black Noise: Design Lessons from Roasted Green Chiles, Udon Noodles, and Pound Cake
Authors: Banu Lisa S. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
A recent issue of the journal Design and Culture included Lucy Kimbell's interview of object-oriented ontology philosopher Graham Harman. The invitation was premised on Harman's ability to counter the contemporary focus on user-centered design with an object orientation. Harman's appearance in the world of design discourse presents a paradox. To ask what object-oriented ontology that explicitly rejects anthropocentrism can offer user-centered and decidedly anthropocentric design practice seems to miss the point of an object orientation. An answer to the paradox may reside in Ian Bogost's account of the metaphorism of object-oriented ontology. This essay explores Bogost's Alien Phenomenology, or What It's like to Be a Thing, which uses Harman's metaphor of black noise as “the background noise of peripheral objects,” and considers the design implications of Bogost's call to amplify black noise and linger in the speculative fiction of things, such as roasted green chile peppers, udon noodles, and pound cake.
Jonas and James: The Ethics and Metaphysics of Post-Holocaust Pragmatism
Authors: Pihlström Sami 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
This essay offers a critical comparison of William James's pragmatism with Hans Jonas's ethics and philosophy of religion. Nine important similarities between James and Jonas are identified, ranging from pragmatic naturalism to the doctrine of a finite God, which Jonas defends as a necessary revision of our understanding of the divinity based on the experiences of the Holocaust. The deep connection between morality and mortality is also addressed. The main differences between Jonas and James are found in their accounts of the relation between ethics and metaphysics.
Ansiedades de frontera en dos novelas policiales españolas sobre la inmigración
Authors: Rivera Hernández Raúl Diego 
Published: February 2014

En este ensayo sostengo que la narrativa policial española que se acerca al tema de la inmigración refleja una ansiedad de frontera como una estrategia de preservación de la identidad nacional. La ansiedad de frontera es una actitud de rechazo a la presencia del inmigrante económico y se manifiesta con la marginación del mismo de los escenarios y espacios de socialización tradicionales. La ansiedad de frontera aparece con la cercanía y la proximidad del otro cultural, y reaviva una serie de miedos y temores históricos camuflados en estereotipos, reacciones xenofóbicas, incomprensión, intolerancia y violencia racial.