bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of NMDA 2B at S1303 in human glioma peritumoral tissue: implications for glioma epileptogenesis
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Haiyan , Cai Shanbao , Saadatzadeh M. Reza , Hanenberg Helmut , Pollok Karen E. , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A. , Chen Jinhui 
Published: December 2014

Object
Peritumoral seizures are an early symptom of a glioma. To gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying tumor-induced epileptogenesis, the authors studied modulation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in peritumoral tissue.

Methods
To study the possible etiology of peritumoral seizures, NMDA receptor expression, posttranslational modification, and function were analyzed in an orthotopic mouse model of human gliomas and primary patient glioma tissue in which the peritumoral border (tumor-brain interface) was preserved in a tissue block during surgery.

Results
The authors found that the NMDA receptor containing the 2B subunit (NR2B), a predominantly extrasynaptic receptor, is highly phosphorylated at S1013 in the neurons located in the periglioma area of the mouse brain. NR2B is also highly phosphorylated at S1013 in the neurons located in the peritumoral area from human brain tissue containing a glioma. The phosphorylation of the extrasynaptic NMDA receptor increases its permeability for Ca2+ influx and subsequently mediates neuronal overexcitation and seizure activity.

Conclusions
These data suggest that overexcitation of the extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in the peritumoral neurons may contribute to the development of peritumoral seizures and that the phosphorylated NR2B may be a therapeutic target for blocking primary brain tumor–induced peritumoral seizures.
Accelerated Corneal Cross-linking in Pediatric Patients With Keratoconus: 24-Month Outcomes
Authors: Ozgurhan Engin Bilge , Kara Necip , Cankaya Kadir Ilker , Kurt Tugba , Demirok Ahmet 
Published: December 2014

PURPOSE:
To compare the efficiency and safety of accelerated corneal cross-linking in pediatric patients with progressive keratoconus.

METHODS:

In this retrospective interventional case series, 44 eyes of 38 pediatric patients with progressive keratoconus were enrolled. All consecutive patients underwent accelerated corneal cross-linking with settings of 30 mW/cm
2
for 4 minutes, corresponding to a total dose of 7.2 J. The efficacy and safety of the procedure were assessed over a 24-month follow-up period.

RESULTS:

Mean ± standard deviation age of 10 girls and 28 boys was 15.3 ± 2.1 years (range: 9 to 18 years). Uncorrected distance visual acuity improved significantly from 0.52 ± 0.36 to 0.39 ± 0.26 logMAR (
P
= .002), and corrected distance visual acuity improved significantly from 0.38 ± 0.24 to 0.30 ± 0.20 logMAR (
P
< .001). Mean spherical and cylindrical refraction were not significantly altered (
P
> .001 for both). At the last follow-up visit, the flat keratometry value decreased from baseline from 46.4 ± 3.0 to 46.0 ± 2.9 diopters and the steep keratometry value decreased from 50.6 ± 4.2 to 50.1 ± 4.0 diopters (
P
< .001 for both). The total higher-order aberrations, coma, and astigmatism II values were also significantly decreased at 24 months after treatment (
P
< .05 for all). No serious complications were recorded during the follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS:
The findings revealed that accelerated corneal cross-linking halted the keratoconus progression without relevant side effects in pediatric patients over a 24-month follow-up period. Visual acuity, keratometric values, and corneal aberrations also improved.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2014;30(12):843–849.]
On the Graph of Divisibility of an Integral Domain
Authors: Greene Boynton Jason , Coykendall Jim 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIt is well known that the factorization properties of a domain are reflected in the structure of its group of divisibility. The main theme of this paper is to introduce a topological/graph-theoretic point of view to the current understanding of factorization in integral domains. We also show that connectedness properties in the graph and topological space give rise to a generalization of atomicity.
The DIM Antithesis
Authors: Hardin Dennis C. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Leonard Peikoff's “DIM Hypothesis” demonstrates that man's cognitive need for integration is important historically. It reflects the motive power of philosophy, of man's need to understand the world. But Peikoff's theory lacks predictive power for America's future. Today's knowledge-based economy enables the average person to enjoy enhanced cognitive control over his or her life. Technology has transformed the American work experience in ways that teach one crucial connection: between the productive use of the mind (i.e., thinking, judgment) and human survival. This emerging cognitive self-confidence mitigates the philosophical void left by cultural nihilism and creates an intellectual barrier to authoritarianism.
What's in Your File Folder?
Authors: Bissell Roger E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe author contends that the Objectivist epistemology has lacked a viable model of propositional knowledge for nearly fifty years, due to neglect of Rand's unit-perspective view of concepts. This pioneering insight, he says, not only is an essential building block of her concept theory, but also welds together the three levels of logical theory and provides the clearest X-ray picture of our multilayered conceptual knowledge. Using the unit-perspective to expand Rand's theory of concepts, the author then devises a theory of the proposition, giving considerable attention to axioms and statements about nonexistent subjects.
Entre utopie et père du socialisme : réceptions de Robert Owen en Grande-Bretagne
Authors: Siméon Ophélie 
Published: December 2014

Le présent article examine la postérité de Robert Owen (1771-1858) au sein de la gauche britannique, entre mythification et conflits d’interprétation non résolus. Le principal point d’achoppement concerne la critique marxiste de l’owénisme, qui a rattaché de façon canonique la pensée d’Owen au champ du « socialisme utopique ». Nous posons que, depuis la fin du XIXesiècle, les socialistes modérés ont utilisé Owen contre Marx afin de fonder une tradition politique nationale, sans pour autant parvenir à dépasser un horizon utopique toujours sous-jacent.
L’entrepreneuriat social en France : un renouvellement des discours et des pratiques au sein du secteur associatif ?
Authors: Gérome Clément 
Published: December 2014

L’article entend questionner l’émergence et le développement de la thématique de l’entrepreneuriat social en France en analysant plus particulièrement les activités menées par les membres du Mouvement des entrepreneurs sociaux (Mouves). Quelles sont les propriétés sociales des « entrepreneurs sociaux » regroupés au sein du Mouves, quelles sont leurs visions du monde ? Quelles tensions leurs discours et leurs pratiques suscitent-ils auprès des représentants du secteur de l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) ? Dit autrement, cette communication analyse comment la mobilisation de la thématique de l’entrepreneuriat social par les membres du Mouves contribue à renouveler les discours et les pratiques au sein du champ de l’ESS – et plus particulièrement du secteur associatif – dans un contexte de reconfiguration de l’action de l’État social.
Linéaments d’une phénoménologie des passions chez Ricoeur
Authors: Hardy Jean-Sébastien 
Published: December 2014

Cet article se donne pour tâche de reconstruire le projet d’une phénoménologie des passions formulé par Ricoeur au début des années 50, projet pourtant délaissé ensuite. Après avoir explicité les motifs de cet abandon en les rapportant à la position du jeune Ricoeur face à la phénoménologie husserlienne, nous chercherons à montrer que ce dernier fournit néanmoins une définition proprement phénoménologique de l’affectivité passionnelle, qui ressaisit les passions selon leur intentionnalité spécifique et leur renvoi systématique à des passions originaires. Sur cette base, il s’agira enfin de mettre en lumière la relecture ricoeurienne de l’anthropologie kantienne des passions, qui culmine dans la thèse d’une fonction constituante des passions fondamentales (avoir, pouvoir et valoir) dans le rapport au monde vécu.
Diversity of Indigenous Fruit Tree Species in Selected Local Communities of Echague, Isabela, Philippines
Authors: RAMOS HELEN C. , TEMANEL FLORENDA B. 
Published: December 2014

Indigenous fruit trees play a vital role in crop diversification and agroforestrysystem. It is also considered as a source of food and nutrition, and contributesto the income of rural people. However, indigenous fruit trees face deforestationand genetic erosion. Hence, this study determined the diversity of indigenousfruit tree species in selected local communities in Echague, Isabela. Selection ofstudy areas were based on the presence of target fruit tree species, peace and ordersituation, and accessibility. Sampling areas were determined using Point-CenterQuarter Method (PCQM).Identification of fruit tree species present in thedifferent areas was done to its species name. Collected representative plants were brought to the laboratory for identification and preservation. There were 21 fruit tree species identified belonging to the family Annonaceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae,Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Anacardiaceae, Ebenaceae,Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Oxalidaceae. The species common to all thestudy areas are Annonamuricata L., Psidiumguajava L., Artocarpus heterophyllusLam., Citrus maxima (Merr.), Diospyros blancoi A. DC., and Sandoricum koetjape(Burm.f.) Merr. All the species identified occur sparingly in the different studyareas. These areas have distinct dominant and important fruit tree species. Speciesdiversity is high as shown by the different diversity parameters.Keywords: Ecology, indigenous fruit trees, dominant species, important species, speciesrichness, species diversity, abundance, density, frequency, Isabela, Philippines
Overview of Different Mechanisms of Arrestin‐Mediated Signaling
Authors: Gurevich Vsevolod V. , Gurevich Eugenia V. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractArrestins are characterized by their ability to selectively bind active, phosphorylated GPCRs and suppress (arrest) receptor coupling to G proteins. Nonvisual arrestins are also signaling proteins in their own right, activating a variety of cellular pathways. Arrestins are highly flexible proteins that can assume many distinct conformations. In their receptor‐bound conformation, arrestins have higher affinity for a subset of partners. This explains how receptor activation regulates certain branches of arrestin‐dependent signaling via arrestin recruitment to GPCRs. However, free arrestins are also active molecular entities that act in other pathways and localize signaling proteins to particular subcellular compartments, such as cytoskeleton. These functions are regulated by the enhancement or reduction of arrestin affinity for target proteins by other binding partners and by proteolytic cleavage. Recent findings suggest that the two visual arrestins, arrestin‐1 and arrestin‐4, which are expressed in photoreceptor cells, do not regulate signaling solely via binding to photopigments but also interact with a variety of nonreceptor partners, critically affecting the health and survival of photoreceptor cells. Detailed in this overview are GPCR‐dependent and independent modes of arrestin‐mediated regulation of cellular signaling pathways. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Modeling Human Liver Cancer Heterogeneity: Virally Induced Transgenic Models and Mouse Genetic Models of Chronic Liver Inflammation
Authors: Ringelhan Marc , Reisinger Florian , Yuan Detian , Weber Achim , Heikenwalder Mathias 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn addition to being the most common primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer‐related death in humans. Treatment options are limited for this chemoresistant cancer, with liver transplantation and surgical intervention in early stages being the most successful treatments. Drug development over the past 15 years has focused on generating mouse models that mimic the human pathology for HCC. This has enabled the laboratory testing of potentially new human therapeutics. Described in this unit are the classification of HCC and an overview of hepatitis virus‐related transgenic and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) that are employed for elucidating the mechanism(s) responsible for the development of HCC, with particular emphasis on genetic, dietary, and environmental factors. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A High‐Content Assay for Biosensor Validation and for Examining Stimuli that Affect Biosensor Activity
Authors: Slattery Scott D. , Hahn Klaus M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBiosensors are valuable tools used to monitor many different protein behaviors in vivo. Demand for new biosensors is high, but their development and characterization can be difficult. During biosensor design, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of different biosensor structures on specificity, brightness, and fluorescence responses. By co‐expressing the biosensor with upstream proteins that either stimulate or inhibit the activity reported by the biosensor, one can determine the difference between the biosensor's maximally activated and inactivated state, and examine response to specific proteins. We describe here a method for biosensor validation in a 96‐well plate format using an automated microscope. This protocol produces dose‐response curves, enables efficient examination of many parameters, and unlike cell suspension assays, allows visual inspection (e.g., for cell health and biosensor or regulator localization). Optimization of single‐chain and dual‐chain Rho GTPase biosensors is addressed, but the assay is applicable to any biosensor that can be expressed or otherwise loaded in adherent cells. The assay can also be used for purposes other than biosensor validation, using a well‐characterized biosensor as a readout for effects of upstream molecules. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Density cavity formation through nonlinear interaction of 3‐D inertial Alfvén wave and ion acoustic wave
Authors: Sharma R. P. , Yadav N. , Pathak N. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDensity cavities having transverse‐scale size of the order of electron inertial length have been observed in auroral ionosphere by Freja spacecraft. In the present study, density cavity formation in auroral regions has been investigated using numerical simulation techniques. Nonlinear interaction of inertial Alfvén waves and ion acoustic waves has been suggested as a possible mechanism to apprehend density cavity formation in auroral regions. In the proposed mechanism, strong modification in the density profile takes place due to the ponderomotive force of inertial Alfvén waves and accounts for these density depleted regions. In literature also, it has been demonstrated that these cavities are associated with the ponderomotive forces of inertial Alfvén wave. Our presented model also attempts to understand the salient features of auroral density cavities which are reported in literature from the analysis of data available from FAST spacecraft. Relevance of obtained results with observations in auroral ionosphere has also been discussed.
Probing Small‐Molecule Microarrays with Tagged Proteins in Cell Lysates
Authors: Pop Marius S. , Wassaf Dina , Koehler Angela N. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe technique of small‐molecule microarray (SMM) screening is based on the ability of small molecules to bind to various soluble proteins. This type of interaction is easily detected by the presence of a fluorescence signal produced by labeled antibodies that specifically recognize a unique sequence (tag) present on the target protein. The fluorescent signal intensity values are determined based on signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs). SMM screening is a high‐throughput, unbiased method that can rapidly identify novel direct ligands for various protein targets. This binding‐based assay format is generally applicable to most proteins, but it is especially useful for protein targets that do not possess an enzymatic activity. SMMs enable screening a protein in a purified form or in the context of a cellular lysate, likely providing a more physiologically relevant screening environment. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Approximating the Aggregate Claims Distribution
Authors: Hardy Mary R. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn this article, we discuss approximation methods for aggregate claims distributions. The methods discussed are the normal approximation; the translated gamma approximation; Bowers' gamma approximation; the normal power approximation; Haldane's method; the Wilson–Hilferty approximation and the Esscher approximation. Worked examples are included, using a compound Poisson distribution with Pareto secondary distribution.
Remington, Richard D
Authors: Woolson R. F. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Richard Remington (1931–1992) was a leading public health statistician who played a major role in linking biostatistics and epidemiology to public health research and policy. He held senior appointments at the Universities of Michigan, Texas, and Iowa. At Iowa, he served as Interim President of the University in 1987–1988 and founded the Institute for Health, Behavior, and Environmental Policy in 1992. He had a major research interest in the public health impact of hypertension and served on many NIH committees. He coauthored, with M.A. Schork, a popular textbook.
Schneiderman, Marvin Arthur
Authors: Levin David L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractM.A. Schneiderman (1918–1997) was a statistician and scientific administrator at the US National Cancer Institute from 1948 to 1980. His research covered topics in dose–response curve analysis, clinical trials in cancer, multistage biological screening programs, and sequential methods. After 1980, he was actively engaged in the monitoring and development of legislation for environmental and toxicologic issues.
Spiegelman, Mortinmer
Authors: Pollack Earl 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Mortimer Spiegelman was an important contributor to biostatistics, particularly in the areas of
demography
and public health. His major contribution to the field of public health and epidemiology came toward the end of his career when he conceived of, coordinated, edited, and carried to a successful conclusion the publication of a series of monographs sponsored by the
American Public Health Association
(APHA) and published by the Harvard University Press. Each monograph pertained to a specific set of diseases in which the 1960
Census
was used in a standard way as the denominator for
rates
of disease. In his role as editor of this series, he used his considerable powers of persuasion with the authors of the monographs to ensure comparability among them and to make certain that the work on each was completed. Sixteen monographs resulted from this effort, covering a wide range of topics.
F
leiss,
J
oseph
L
Authors: Shrout Patrick E. , Begg Melissa D. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Joseph L. Fleiss was a biostatistician who made important contributions to the analysis of diagnostic reliability, clinical trials, and categorical data. He was born on November 13, 1937, in Brooklyn, New York, and he died on June 12, 2003, in Ridgewood, New Jersey. This encyclopedia entry describes his impact on research in psychiatry, dentistry, and cardiology and traces his career as a researcher, professor, and department chair at Columbia University in New York City. It highlights Fleiss's impact on clinical trials and as an author of more than 200 scientific papers and of accessible biostatistics texts on rates and proportions, and on clinical trials.
Improvement of the mechanical properties of chitosan‐alginate wound dressings containing silver through the addition of a biocompatible silicone rubber
Authors: Pires Ana Luiza Resende , Moraes Ângela Maria 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThe benefits of associating chitosan with alginate for the production of wound dressings are well documented. However, the mechanical resistance of these devices is limited. This work aimed to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan‐alginate membranes both with and without the microbicide agent AlphaSan® RC2000 (silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate) by incorporating the liquid silicone rubber Silpuran® 2130 A/B. Membranes containing AlphaSan® RC2000 but without Silpuran® 2130 A/B have increased opacity, thickness, and water absorption, but low stability in water and tensile strength. The silicone gel remained in the structure of the formulations even after successive washing steps and its inclusion in the membranes reduced their thickness and swelling in aqueous media, improving their homogeneity, adhesiveness, stability, tensile strength, and flexibility. Thus, the addition of Silpuran® 2130 A/B proved to contribute positively to many relevant, particularly mechanical, properties of chitosan‐alginate wound dressings whether or not they contained AlphaSan® RC2000. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41686.
Feather‐like morphology of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends: The effect of cooling rate and poly(methyl methacrylate) content
Authors: Luo Chunyan , Chen Weixing , Gao Ying 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThe effect of cooling rate on the crystallization morphology and growth rate of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and PEO/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends has been observed by Hot Stage Polarized Microscopy (HS‐POM). The isothermal crystallization kinetics study was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The spherulite morphology has been observed for the neat PEO with molecular weight of 6000 g/mol. By adding of PMMA with molecular weight of 39,300 g/mol, the growth fronts become irregular. With the increasing of PMMA content, the irregularity of growth front becomes more obvious, and the feather‐like morphology can be observed. When PMMA content is 60%, the spherulite is seriously destroyed. This phenomenon is more obvious for the slow cooling process. Based on the measurement of spherulite, the growth rate curves were obtained. According to the curves, it can be seen that the growth rate decreases with the increasing of PMMA content, and the growth rate during the slow cooling process is higher than that of the fast cooling process. The isothermal crystallization experiment indicates that the crystallization rate decreases dramatically with the increasing of PMMA content. And the Avrami parameter n was obtained, which is non‐integral and less than 3. Finally, it can be concluded that the higher value of n can be obtained for the condition with low crystallization rate. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41705.
An Interacting Multiple Model Approach for State Estimation with Non‐Gaussian Noise Using a Variational Bayesian Method
Authors: Shen Chen , Xu Dingjie , Huang Wei , Shen Feng 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe conventional interacting multiple models (IMM) approach for a hybrid system under the Gaussian assumption is limited for most real applications due to the noisy measurements often being in the presence of outliers. This paper aims at accommodating the IMM approach to the non‐Gaussian cases where outliers exist. In the proposed IMM algorithm, the Student‐t distribution is used to model the non‐Gaussian measurement noise. At the interaction step, the mixed statistics of the noise parameter under a Bayesian framework are obtained via a Gamma approximation and a recently reported moments matching method. To address the state noise‐coupled intractability in Bayesian filtering, a variational Bayesian method is utilized to approximate the posterior distributions of the noise and state recursively. The proposed algorithm is tested with a maneuvering target tracking example and is shown to be robust to the outliers.