bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preferência Floral de Vespas (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Somavilla Alexandre , Köhler Andreas 
Published: September 2014

As vespas integram a comunidade de visitantes florais e podem constituir uma parcela representativa dos polinizadores. Por este motivo, objetivou-se conhecer e analisar a preferência floral das espécies de Vespidae, bem como investigar o uso de recursos florais por estas vespas. Foram realizadas coletas entre o período de 2001 a 2008 em diferentes localidades do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Estrela Velha, Santa Cruz do Sul, São Francisco de Paula e Sinimbu), entre 08:00 a 17:00 horas, utilizando redes entomológicas para a captura dos vespídeos visitando flores. Os espécimes coletados foram depositados na Coleção Entomológica de Santa Cruz do Sul (CESC). Coletou-se 1.483 indivíduos alocados em 73 espécies de vespas, sendo que 78,9% são Polistinae (30 espécies) e 21,1% Eumeninae (43 espécies), visitando as flores de 33 espécies de plantas classificadas em 16 famílias botânicas; as famílias com maior número de espécies vegetais foram Asteraceae (12), Fabaceae (4) e Apiaceae (3). A planta com o maior número de vespídeos coletados foi Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (616), seguida por Eryngium pandanifolium L. (137) e Eryngium horridum Spreng (122). A análise da sobreposição de nicho trófico de 26 espécies que visitaram quatro ou mais floração, mostrou que a sobreposição foi igual ou maior que 50% em apenas seis casos.
Floral Preferences of Wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
Abstract Wasps integrate the floral visitors’ community and they can constitute a representative portion of the pollinators. For this reason, it was aimed to know and to analyze the floral preference of the Vespidae species and to investigate the use of floral resources for these wasps. The collects were performed between 2001 and 2008 in different localities of Rio Grande do Sul state (Estrela Velha, Santa Cruz do Sul, São Francisco de Paula e Sinimbu) between 08:00 at 17:00 hours, utilizing entomological nets to catch the flower-visiting wasps. The collected specimens were deposited at the Coleção Entomológica de Santa Cruz do Sul (CESC). 1.483 specimens were captured belonging to 73 wasp species, whose 78.9% were Polistinae (30 species) and 21.1% Eumeninae (43 species), visiting the flowers of 33 plant species classified in 16 botanical families; the families with the larger number of plant species were Asteraceae (12), Fabaceae (4) and Apiaceae (3). The plant species with the largest number of wasps collected was Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (616), followed by Eryngium pandanifolium L. (137) and Eryngium horridum Spreng (122). The analysis of the trophic niche overlap of 26 species with four or more visited plant species, showed an overlap equal or higher than 50% in six cases.
Occurrences of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) crops under field conditions in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Authors: Alonso Rodrigo da Silva , Racca-Filho Francisco , Lima Aurino Florêncio de 
Published: September 2014

Brazil is the second world largest cassava producer and the largest one in South America. The aleyrodids, commonly known as whiteflies, are pests that affect cassava crops and might induce economic losses, due to high infestation levels. The objective of this work was to survey the whitefly species that occur feeding on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) crops in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Leaf samplings were conducted in five municipalities of the State and the species identification was realised according to morphological characters of the 4th instar nymphs. Among the 16 aleyrodid species described feeding on cassava in the Neotropical region, Aleurothrixus aepim (Göeldi), Bemisia tuberculata Bondar and Trialeurodes manihoti (Bondar) were identified occurring in the State. The species B. tuberculata and T. manihoti are reported for the first time in the State of Rio de Janeiro, where they were found feeding on cassava crops.
Ocorrências de Moscas-Brancas (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) em Lavouras de Mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sob Condições de Campo no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Resumo. O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor mundial de mandioca e o maior produtor do continente sul americano. Os aleirodídeos, insetos comumente conhecidos como moscas-brancas, são pragas que acometem esta cultura e podem causar prejuízos econômicos, em decorrência de altas infestações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar as espécies de moscas-brancas que ocorrem na cultura da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizadas amostragens de folhas em lavouras localizadas em cinco municípios do estado e a identificação das espécies foi feita por caracteres morfológicos das ninfas de 4.º instar. Das 16 espécies de aleirodídeos descritas na região Neotropical em plantas de mandioca, três foram identificadas ocorrendo no estado, Aleurothrixus aepim (Göeldi), Bemisia tuberculata Bondar e Trialeurodes manihoti (Bondar). É registrada pela primeira vez no estado a presença das espécies B. tuberculata e T. manihoti em lavouras de mandioca.
Surgical nurses in teaching hospitals in Ireland: understanding pain
Authors: Vickers Niamh , Wright Shelagh , Staines Anthony 
Published: September 2014

Background: Nurses play a crucial role in pain management and must be highly knowledgeable to ensure their practices are of a high standard. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the baseline level of knowledge and attitudes regarding pain of nurses working in three teaching hospitals in Dublin. Methods: This descriptive study explored the knowledge and attitudes of nurses regarding pain management. A modified version of the ‘Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain’ tool was used to collect data. The sample comprised a convenience sample of 94 nurses working in the acute surgical wards of three hospitals. Findings: Three per cent of respondents achieved a passing score of 80% or greater. Results revealed that the mean percentage score overall was 65.7%. Widespread knowledge deficits were noted in this study, particularly in the domain of pharmacological management of pain. Further analysis revealed respondents had an inaccurate self-evaluation of their pain management knowledge. Conclusion: The results of this study support the concern of inadequate knowledge and attitudes of nurses regarding pain. Educational and quality improvement initiatives in pain management should be used, which could foster and enhance nurses’ knowledge base in the area of pain and possibly improve practices.
Learning, development, and support needs of community palliative care clinical nurse specialists
Authors: Whittaker Evelyn , Kernohan W George , McLaughlin Dorry 
Published: September 2014

Background: The palliative care clinical nurse specialist (PC-CNS) is a core member of the specialist palliative care team. According to professional policy, the role has four specific components: clinical practice, education, research, and leadership and management. Little is known about how to support staff in this role. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore what learning, development, and support PC-CNSs in one hospice need to enable them to fulfil all components of their role. Design: Using a descriptive exploratory approach, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with a purposive sample of community PC-CNSs from a hospice in Northern Ireland. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed. Findings: Seventeen interviews were analysed and three themes identified: influence of organisational culture, influence of the individual, and learning and development solutions. Conclusions: Participants reported that the PC-CNS role was stressful. They identified that the organisational culture and indeed individuals themselves influenced the learning and development support available to help them fulfil the four components of the role. Working relationships and stability within teams affected how supported individuals felt and had implications for managers in meeting the needs of staff while balancing the needs of the service.
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and NGF-Dependent Neurite Outgrowth of Adult Sensory Neurons Converge on STAT3 Phosphorylation Downstream of Neuropoietic Cytokine Receptor gp130
Authors: Quarta Serena , Baeumer Bastian E. , Scherbakov Nadja , Andratsch Manfred , Rose-John Stefan , Dechant Georg , Bandtlow Christine E. , Kress Michaela 
Published: September 2014

After nerve injury, adult sensory neurons can regenerate peripheral axons and reconnect with their target tissue. Initiation of outgrowth, as well as elongation of neurites over long distances, depends on the signaling of receptors for neurotrophic growth factors. Here, we investigated the importance of gp130, the signaling subunit of neuropoietic cytokine receptors in peripheral nerve regeneration.After sciatic nerve crush, functional recoveryin vivowas retarded inSNS-gp130−/−mice, which specifically lackgp130in sensory neurons. Correspondingly, a significantly reduced number of free nerve endings was detected in glabrous skin fromSNS-gp130−/−compared with control mice after nerve crush. Neurite outgrowth and STAT3 activationin vitrowere severely reduced in cultures in gp130-deficient cultured neurons. Surprisingly, in neurons obtained fromSNS-gp130−/−mice the increase in neurite length was reduced not only in response to neuropoietic cytokine ligands of gp130 but also to nerve growth factor (NGF), which does not bind to gp130-containing receptors. Neurite outgrowth in the absence of neurotrophic factors was partially rescued in gp130-deficient neurons by leptin, which activates STAT3 downstream of leptic receptor and independent of gp130. The neurite outgrowth response of gp130-deficient neurons to NGF was fully restored in the presence of leptin.Based on these findings, gp130 signaling via STAT3 activation is suggested not only to be an important regulator of peripheral nerve regenerationin vitroandin vivo, but as determining factor for the growth promoting action of NGF in adult sensory neurons.
CYP21A2 polymorphisms in patients with autoimmune Addison's disease, and linkage disequilibrium to HLA risk alleles
Authors: Brønstad Ingeborg , Skinningsrud Beate , Bratland Eirik , Løvås Kristian , Undlien Dag , Sverre Husebye Eystein , Susanne Bøe Wolff Anette 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveSteroid 21-hydroxylase, encoded byCYP21A2, is the major autoantigen in autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD).CYP21A2is located in the region of the HLA complex on chromosome 6p21.3, which harbours several risk alleles for AAD. The objective was to investigate whetherCYP21A2gene variants confer risk of AAD independently of other risk alleles in theHLAloci.DesignDNA samples from 381 Norwegian patients with AAD and 340 healthy controls (HC) previously genotyped for theHLA-A, -B, -DRB1, and -DQB1andMICAloci were used for genotyping ofCYP21A2.MethodsGenotyping ofCYP21A2was carried out by direct sequencing. Linkage ofCYP21A2to theHLAloci was assessed using UNPHASED version 3.0.10 and PHASE version 2.1.ResultsHeterozygotes of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs397515394, rs6467, rs6474, rs76565726 and rs6473 were detected significantly more frequently in AAD patients compared with HC (P<0.005), but all SNPs were in a linkage disequilibrium (LD) with high-riskHLA–DRB1haplotypes. rs6472C protected against AAD (odds ratio=0.15, 95% CI (0.08–0.30),P=3.8×10−10). This SNP was not in an LD withHLAloci (P=0.02), but did not increase protection when considering the effect ofHLA–DRB1alleles. Mutations causing congenital adrenal hyperplasia were found in heterozygosity in <1.5% of the cases in both groups.ConclusionGenetic variants ofCYP21A2associated to AAD are in LD with the main AAD risk locus HLA-DRB1, andCYP21A2does not constitute an independent susceptibility locus.
Scalable and Versatile Genome Editing Using Linear DNAs with Microhomology to Cas9 Sites inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Paix Alexandre , Wang Yuemeng , Smith Harold E , Lee Chih-Yung S , Calidas Deepika , Lu Tu , Smith Jarrett , Schmidt Helen , Krause Michael W , Seydoux Geraldine 
Published: September 2014

AbstractHomology-directed repair (HDR) of double-strand DNA breaks is a promising method for genome editing, but is thought to be less efficient than error-prone nonhomologous end joining in most cell types. We have investigated HDR of double-strand breaks induced by CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that HDR is very robust in the C. elegans germline. Linear repair templates with short (∼30–60 bases) homology arms support the integration of base and gene-sized edits with high efficiency, bypassing the need for selection. Based on these findings, we developed a systematic method to mutate, tag, or delete any gene in the C. elegans genome without the use of co-integrated markers or long homology arms. We generated 23 unique edits at 11 genes, including premature stops, whole-gene deletions, and protein fusions to antigenic peptides and GFP. Whole-genome sequencing of five edited strains revealed the presence of passenger variants, but no mutations at predicted off-target sites. The method is scalable for multi-gene editing projects and could be applied to other animals with an accessible germline.
Madres descubriendo el amor incondicional en el proceso adaptativo de hospitalización de su bebé prematuro
Authors: Villamizar Carvajal Beatriz , Vargas Porras Carolina , Rueda Nieves Eugenia 
Published: September 2014

<p><strong>Introducción:</strong> El nacimiento prematuro tiene un impacto social y emocional para la familia, por lo tanto, enfermería tiene el reto de indagar y profundizar sobre las diversas experiencias; para proponer intervenciones que favorezcan el desempeño del rol materno. Objetivo: Describir los resultados de un metaestudio sobre la adquisición del rol materno de la madre con un recién nacido prematuro hospitalizado. <strong>Materiales y Métodos:</strong> El metaestudio, involucra 3 fases analíticas: análisis metadatos, meta-método, meta-teoría, consideradas a la luz del contexto histórico, sociocultural y disciplinar. La búsqueda se realizó en: CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, Dissertation Abstracts. <strong>Resultados:</strong> Se incluyeron 26 investigaciones de 13 países publicadas en inglés, portugués y español (durante los años 2001-2013). Las expresiones categóricas que emergen de estas investigaciones, son: pérdida de autocontrol; experimentando dolor; buscando significado a los eventos; adaptándose a la situación; adquiriendo el rol materno y descubriendo el amor incondicional. <strong>Discusión:</strong> El metaestudio permitió el análisis crítico de la información, orientando la investigación dentro de un contexto de patrones sistemáticos, con la construcción de una alternativa de cambio del enfoque tradicional de pérdida y sufrimiento al del redescubrimiento desde la visión positiva y transformativa. <strong>Conclusiones:</strong> Reconocer la carga emocional de las madres de recién nacido prematuro obliga al equipo de salud a intervenir e idear estrategias de apoyo, para hacer menos doloroso el proceso de hospitalización de sus hijos. Por ello el cuidado humanizado en la unidad neonatal, debe centrar sus acciones en un cuidado individual, singular, en la integralidad y respeto por la vida.</p><p><strong>Palabras clave:</strong> Maternidad, Recién Nacido Prematuro, Enfermería Neonatal. (Fuente: DeCs BIREME).</p><p><strong>Cómo citar este artículo:</strong> Villamizar B, Vargas C, Rueda E.<strong> </strong>Madres descubriendo el amor incondicional en el proceso adaptativo de hospitalización de su bebe prematuro. Rev Cuid. 2014; 5(2):782-91. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.93">http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.93</a></p>
Population and individual‐scale responses to patch size, isolation and quality in the hazel dormouse
Authors: Mortelliti Alessio , Sozio Giulia , Driscoll Don A. , Bani Luciano , Boitani Luigi , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: September 2014

Patch size, isolation and quality are key factors influencing species persistence in fragmented landscapes. However, we still lack a detailed understanding of how these variables exert their effects on populations inhabiting fragmented landscapes. At which ecological scale do they have an effect (e.g., individuals versus populations) and, on which demographic parameters?Answering these questions will identify the mechanisms that underlie population turnover rather than solely predicting it based on proxies (e.g., presence/absence data).We report the results of a large‐scale, three‐year study focused on the relative effects of patch size, isolation and quality on individuals and populations of an arboreal rodent, the hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius). We examined 30 sites nested within three landscapes characterized by contrasting levels of habitat amount and habitat quality (food resources). We quantified the effects of patch size and quality on the response of individuals (survival and litter size) and populations (density and colonization/extinction dynamics). We identified demographic mechanisms which led to population turnover. Habitat quality positively affected survival (not litter size) and population density (measured through an index). We infer that the decline in survival due to patch quality reduced patch recolonization rather than increasing extinction, while extinction was mainly affected by patch size. Our findings suggest that the effect of patch quality on individual and population parameters was constrained by the physical structure of the surrounding landscapes. At the same time, our results highlight the importance of preserving habitat quality to help the persistence of entire systems of patches.
Innovative Solutions in PCP Technologies, Run Life Improvement with Experimental and Numerical Works
Authors: Ramdé S.. , Beauquin J.. , Bellett D.. , Duret-Thual C.. , Olivier G.. , Pierchon A.. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The All Metal Progressing Cavity Pump (AMPCP) has been widely used in previous years, in particular in Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery (TEOR) applications and also in cold aggressive conditions. These harsh environments require continuous improvement of the product Run Life. This is achievable if there is a strong link between Product Development Teams and Operations.
The AMPCP behavior during its real conditions of operation remains partially unknown as it cannot be fully instrumented and monitored. The influence of high temperature, high pressure, corrosive gas and mechanical loads on the failure, are therefore difficult to establish. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to solve this problem, based on coupled experimental and numerical analysis. The initial aim is to evaluate the pump behavior in its running conditions (pressure, rotation speed) and to consequently predict pump failure due to fatigue and/or corrosion effect.
In an attempt to continuously optimize the All Metal PCP technology, the experimental work has been done in partnership referring to fatigue and corrosive test on specific alloys in order to choose the best material for run life improvement in various running conditions. The numerical work is based on a strongly coupled Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) study. This analysis shows that the fluid influences consequently the stress level in the pump. It shows that the structure influences the fluid behavior too. This means that the classical static approaches generally focused on only the fluid or only on the structure are not suited for PCP. This new approach can be used to determine the optimal design.
Once the identified solutions have been implemented, a close Operation follow up through Field Track software will be used to validate this approach and its success, closing the loop of run life improvements.
Assessing Integrity of Gas-Lift Valves by Analyzing Annular Pressure-Transient Response
Authors: Rocha-Valadez T.. , Hasan A. R. , Mannan M. S. , Crabtree A.. , Kabir C. S. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
By definition, gas-lift valves (GLVs) are designed to allow influx of the annular gas into the tubing and prevent any backflow, even when there is a pressure differential toward the annulus. However, elements such as erosion, corrosion, scale, fatigue, vibration, and temperature and pressure effects may cause the GLV to leak, thereby posing a serious safety issue. Because of the well integrity concern, suspected GLVs are often retrieved for inspection with a wireline from the side-pocket mandrel. Proactive testing is a way to minimize such costly intervention.
This paper details a methodology for determining a GLV's integrity that avoids retrieving the valve and relies on examining the annular transient-pressure response. Based on the models that have been developed, we propose a robust, nonintrusive test procedure that can save both time and expense. This proposed method has been partially validated with field data from three offshore wells.
Gas Lift Nodal Analysis Model – Economical Optimization Approach
Authors: Al Lawati Mustafa 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Field X consists of 17 scattered clusters of more than hundred oil wells producing from different reservoirs. The produced fluids from these reservoirs vary considerably in PVT properties, but all are of relatively average GOR and light oil API.
Gaslift is the dominant lifting system in clusters A, B and C for field X. The clusters are very scattered and far from each other. Long surface pipelines to transport lifting gas are built across the field and a compressor is installed with a total throughput of 90 MMSCF/D at a discharge pressure of 1,280 psi.
As the field expands, two major factors are contributing into the reduction of the Gaslift network efficiency; the rapid expansion of the network which is a result of the dynamic drilling operations. This makes the lifting network extremely busy and full of low lifting gas rate ends. The second factor is the water aquifer which increases produced watercut% dramatically resulting in heavier fluid column gradient to be lifted which again causes lifting inefficiency.
The easy solution to overcome these challenges was to increase lifting gas utilization, but this was an expensive option. A more economical option was; based on proper engineering to restructure the gaslift surface pipelines by rerouting surface network in order to reduce network branching and accordingly enhancing lifting gas pressures and rates across the network while maintaining same lifting gas utilization. A numerical simulation model was built based on rigorous physics and nodal analysis to integrate between well production model and gaslift surface network model to enable the engineer to evaluate the impact of rerouting the network on individual wells production.
This paper will describe the following process which was adapted to build and solve the integrated model to obtain an economical optimization approach for any scattered clusters field: Clusters field model building phase:Characterize reservoirs PVT samples and match to equation of state EOS. Build material balance models. Build well models and entire surface production and gas lift injection networks.Integrate fluid models, reservoir models, well models and surface production and gas lift injection network.Clusters field model solving phase:Link the production model and gas lift injection model.Solve the gas lift injection network to identify the weak injection rate ends. Restructure Gaslift network by rerouting the pipelines. Solve again the network to obtain optimized lifting gas rates based on actual gas lift injection depths.Run network optimizer to enhance lifting gas injection depths based on available injection gas rates and pressure.Oil production gain of 15% was achieved from rerouting the gaslift network in three clusters wells in field X by enhancing lifting gas rates and avoiding unnecessary network branching.