bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified plant‐derived exosomes: Precision medicine in cancer treatment
Authors: Maitra Swastika , Sarkar Subham , Dhara Bikram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlant‐derived exosomes (PDEs) are extracellular vesicles (EVs) occurring naturally,which have propitious applications in the development of cost‐effective and fruitful cancer therapy with minimum aftereffects and ramifications. Recent advancements in research based on PDEs demonstrate their extraordinary advantages in cancer therapy. The components of PDEs exhibit accomplished cancer prevention activity and having insignificant or negligible toxicity. The conventional methods to deliver drugs to the target have various problems, several of which can be solved by using PDEs for drug delivery. The main constituents of PDEs are proteins, lipids, DNA and RNA. PDEs are believed to revolutionize cancer therapy due to their magnificent attributes, but only a few clinical trials on PDEs are in progress. The mechanisms and regulations by which PDEs execute anticancer properties are yet not completely understood. Hence, research are conducted worldwide to understand the mechanisms of action of cancer antagonist PDEs more comprehensively and perspicuously. Modified PDEs have prospect in evolution of precision medicine which can bring a new dimension in the treatment of cancer.
KMT2D‐mediated H3K4me1 recruits YBX1 to facilitate triple‐negative breast cancer progression through epigenetic activation of c‐Myc
Authors: Yao Bing , Xing Mengying , Zeng Xiangwei , Zhang Ming , Zheng Que , Wang Zhi , Peng Bo , Qu Shuang , Li Lingyun , Jin Yucui , Li Haitao , Yuan Hongyan , Zhao Quan , Ma Changyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundLysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) mediates mono‐methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me1) in mammals. H3K4me1 mark is involved in establishing an active chromatin structure to promote gene transcription. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the KMT2D‐mediated H3K4me1 mark modulates gene expression in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression is unresolved.Methods and ResultsWe recognized Y‐box‐binding protein 1 (YBX1) as a “reader” of the H3K4me1 mark, and a point mutation of YBX1 (E121A) disrupted this interaction. We found that KMT2D and YBX1 cooperatively promoted cell growth and metastasis of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. The expression levels of KMT2D and YBX1 were both upregulated in tumour tissues and correlated with poor prognosis for breast cancer patients. Combined analyses of ChIP‐seq and RNA‐seq data indicated that YBX1 was co‐localized with KMT2D‐mediated H3K4me1 in the promoter regions of c‐Myc and SENP1, thereby activating their expressions in TNBC cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that YBX1 activated the expressions of c‐Myc and SENP1 in a KMT2D‐dependent manner.ConclusionOur results suggest that KMT2D‐mediated H3K4me1 recruits YBX1 to facilitate TNBC progression through epigenetic activation of c‐Myc and SENP1. These results together unveil a crucial interplay between histone mark and gene regulation in TNBC progression, thus providing novel insights into targeting the KMT2D‐H3K4me1‐YBX1 axis for TNBC treatment.Highlights
YBX1 is a KMT2D‐mediated H3K4me1‐binding effector protein and mutation of YBX1 (E121A) disrupts its binding to H3K4me1.
KMT2D and YBX1 cooperatively promote TNBC proliferation and metastasis by activating c‐Myc and SENP1 expression in vitro and in vivo.
YBX1 is colocalized with H3K4me1 in the c‐Myc and SENP1 promoter regions in TNBC cells and increased YBX1 expression predicts a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients.
An effective metaheuristic based optimized type‐II fuzzy inference system for fault node identification in wireless sensor network
Authors: Chakraborty Sujay , Raghuvanshi Ajay Singh 
Published: July 2024

SummaryDeploying a wireless sensor network (WSN) for accessing the network of distant environments is more crucial. Node defect detection is a core technology of WSN and is essential for most WSN networks. The defective node reduces the overall service quality (OSQ) of the global WSN network system. Therefore, a type II fuzzy inference system (T2_FIS) is proposed for detecting defective nodes in the WSN network. The adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) and proposed method are introduced for tuning the parameters in the T2_FIS system. The proposed T2_FIS method effectively detects the broken node in the WSN network using the fuzzy rules. In addition, the improved Mud Ring (IMR) optimization algorithm is proposed to replace the faulty node with the neighborhood node in the network. The defective nodes are identified and replaced with the closest nodes based on the membership function (MF) generated by the T2_FIS. Furthermore, the lifetime and throughput of the WSN network are increased by minimizing energy consumption. The overall performance is evaluated using the MATLAB tool, and the implementation results are compared with the existing methods. The total energy consumption for the proposed method is 50.451, with a throughput and lifetime of 153.657 and 22979.25. Furthermore, the performance metrics for the existing and proposed strategies are analyzed, and the accuracy of the proposed method is proven to be 99.3827%, the false alarm rate (FAR) is 0.0008, and the false positive rate (FPR) is 0.0617. The results show the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method.
Ultra‐miniaturized and angularly stable symmetric polarization insensitive frequency selective surface for electromagnetic shielding
Authors: Mondal Kalyan , Bag Biplab , Murmu Lakhindar 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThis research work presents a miniaturized enhanced angular and polarization stability frequency selective surface (FSS) structure at 660 MHz for electromagnetic (EM) shielding of 4G LTE networks. The vias and spiral‐shaped subunit cells are combined to extend the electrical path length corresponding to the lower resonant frequency. The symmetric structure is considered to improve polarization and angular stability. Two symmetric metallic layers are etched on both sides of the FR4 substrate with thickness
and relative permittivity
. Four steps are adopted to improve miniaturization and stability (angular and polarization). The dimension of the unit cell is
. The figure of merit is also improved to
, where
is the largest free space wavelength and P is the periodicity of the proposed structure. The proposed band‐stop FSS is more angularly stable as a figure of merit for various incidence angles under transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. Simulation and measurement have been done to confirm the polarization insensitivity and maximum angular stability of 80°.
Omega‐3 blood biomarkers relate to brain glucose uptake in individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease dementia
Authors: Lázaro Iolanda , Grau‐Rivera Oriol , Suárez‐Calvet Marc , Fauria Karine , Minguillón Carolina , Shekari Mahnaz , Falcón Carles , García‐Prat Marina , Huguet Jordi , Molinuevo José Luis , Gispert Juan‐Domingo , Sala‐Vila Aleix ,   for the ALFA study
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONBrain glucose hypometabolism is a preclinical feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dietary omega‐3 fatty acids promote brain glucose metabolism, but clinical research is incipient. Circulating omega‐3s objectively reflect their dietary intake.METHODSThis was a cross‐sectional study in 320 cognitively unimpaired participants at increased risk of AD dementia. Using lipidomics, we determined blood docosahexaenoic (DHA) and alpha‐linolenic (ALA) acid levels (omega‐3s from marine and plant origin, respectively). We assessed brain glucose metabolism using [18‐F]‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET).RESULTSBlood ALA directly related to FDG uptake in brain areas known to be affected in AD. Stronger associations were observed in apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers and homozygotes. For DHA, significant direct associations were restricted to amyloid beta–positive tau‐positive participants.DISCUSSIONBlood omega‐3 directly relate to preserved glucose metabolism in AD‐vulnerable brain regions in individuals at increased risk of AD dementia. This adds to the benefits of omega‐3 supplementation in the preclinical stage of AD dementia.Highlights
Blood omega‐3s were related to brain glucose uptake in participants at risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia.
Complementary associations were observed for omega‐3 from marine and plant sources.
Foods rich in omega‐3 might be useful in early features of AD.
Analytical and behavioral characterization of 1‐hexanoyl‐LSD (1H‐LSD)
Authors: Brandt Simon D. , Kavanagh Pierce V. , Gare Sarah , Stratford Alexander , Halberstadt Adam L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) derivatives and analogs continues to inform the design of novel receptor probes and potentially new medicines. On the other hand, a number of newly developed LSD derivatives have also emerged as recreational drugs, leading to reports of their detection in some countries. One position in the ergoline scaffold of LSD that is frequently targeted is the N1‐position; numerous N1‐alkylcarbonyl LSD derivatives have been reported where the acyl chain is attached to the indole nitrogen, for example, in the form of linear n‐alkane substituents, which represent higher homologs of the prototypical 1‐acetyl‐N,N‐diethyllysergamide (1A‐LSD, ALD‐52). In this study, 1‐hexanoyl‐LSD (1H‐LSD, SYN‐L‐027), a novel N1‐acyl LSD derivative, was characterized analytically using standard techniques, followed by evaluation of its in vivo behavioral effects using the mouse head‐twitch response (HTR) assay in C57BL/6J mice. 1H‐LSD induced the HTR, with a median effective dose (ED50) of 192.4 μg/kg (equivalent to 387 nmol/kg), making it roughly equipotent to ALD‐52 when tested previously under similar conditions. Similar to other N1‐acylated analogs, 1H‐LSD is anticipated to by hydrolyzed to LSD in vivo and acts as a prodrug. It is currently unknown whether 1H‐LSD has appeared as on the research chemical market or is being used recreationally.
New method for taxonomic descriptions with coded notation, producing dynamic and interchangeable output
Authors: Zeppelini Douglas , de Oliveira‐Neto Misael Augusto , de Oliveira João Victor Lemos Cavalcante , Ferreira Aila Soares , de Brito Roniere Andrade , Lopes Bruna Carolline Honório , Brito Nathan Paiva , Stievano Luis Carlos , de Lima Estevam Cipriano Araujo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA proposal for taxonomic species description notation is presented to replace the traditional descriptive texts for a coded matrix, avoiding redundant adjectives and subjective descriptions. This is an attempt to enhance the species description rate and to make the descriptions output available to other scientific disciplines, machine learning, interactive and computer‐assisted identification keys, metadata analysis and its applications. The method consists of presenting the description of the overall morphology in a coded matrix, following a character list with detailed observed conditions for each character. The method is dynamic and open to amendments and new data addition as they become available. We test the new method describing five new species of Collembola Symphypleona of the genus Pararrhopalites as a generalized model and made the coded output available. We conclude that a coded taxonomic description is an advance to the traditional taxonomic text, with potential to enhance the global descriptions rate. The generated descriptions are dynamic, expandable and can be easily used in other fields of science, allowing non‐experts to access the data for phylogenetic, biogeographic, ecological studies and metadata analysis. Even though an experienced taxonomist will always be necessary to make a detailed taxonomic description, it is a step forward to a general template to semi‐automated taxon recognition and to future development of auxiliary tools for species description using machine learning and templates to speed up the time‐consuming phase of schematic figures preparation, after the expert interpretations are done.
Initial combination therapy with macitentan and tadalafil in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, with and without cardiac comorbidities
Authors: McLaughlin Vallerie V. , Sitbon Olivier , Chin Kelly M. , Galiè Nazzareno , Hoeper Marius M. , Kiely David G. , MacDonald Gwen , Martin Nicolas , Mathai Stephen C. , Peacock Andrew , Tawakol Ahmed , Torbicki Adam , Noordegraaf Anton Vonk , Rosenkranz Stephan 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAimsAccording to current guidelines, initial monotherapy should be considered for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities. This analysis of combined data from the TRITON and REPAIR clinical trials, assesses efficacy and safety of initial double combination therapy in patients without vs. with 1–2 cardiac comorbidities.Methods and resultsData were combined for patients from TRITON (NCT02558231) and REPAIR (NCT02310672) on initial macitentan and tadalafil double combination therapy (overall set, n = 148) and two subgroups defined as patients without cardiac comorbidities (n = 62) and those with 1–2 cardiac comorbidities (n = 78). Patients with ≥3 comorbidities were excluded from these studies. For the overall set, the median (Q1–Q3) duration of combined macitentan and tadalafil exposure was 513.0 (364.0–778.0) days, and was similar between subgroups. Change from baseline to Week 26 for pulmonary vascular resistance was −55% and −50% for patients without and with 1–2 cardiac comorbidities, respectively; marked improvements in other hemodynamic and functional parameters were also observed, although functional parameters improved to a lesser extent in patients with comorbidities. At Week 26, the majority of patients had improved PAH risk status, according to the non‐invasive four‐strata and REVEAL Lite 2.0 methods. The safety profile of initial macitentan plus tadalafil combination therapy was consistent with the known profiles of the two drugs, and similar between the subgroups.ConclusionsInitial double combination therapy with macitentan plus tadalafil is efficacious in patients with PAH with 1–2 cardiac comorbidities and those without, with similar safety and tolerability profiles between the two groups.
Physiological characteristics predictive of passing military physical employment standard tasks for ground close combat occupations in men and women
Authors: Feigel Evan D. , Sterczala Adam J. , Krajewski Kellen T. , Sekel Nicole M. , Lovalekar Mita , Peterson Patrick A. , Koltun Kristen J. , Flanagan Shawn D. , Connaboy Chris , Martin Brian J. , Wardle Sophie L. , O’Leary Thomas J. , Greeves Julie P. , Nindl Bradley C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChallenges for some women meeting the physical employment standards (PES) for ground close combat (GCC) roles stem from physical fitness and anthropometric characteristics. The purpose of this study was to identify the modifiable and nonmodifiable characteristics predictive of passing GCC‐based PES tasks and determine the modifiable characteristics suitable to overcome nonmodifiable limitations. 107 adults (46 women) underwent multiday testing assessing regional and total lean mass (LM), percent body fat (BF%), aerobic capacity (V̇O2peak), strength, power, and PES performance. Predictors with p‐value <0.200 were included in stepwise logistic regression analysis or binary logistic regression when outcomes among sexes were insufficient. Relative and absolute arm LM (OR: 4.617–8.522, p < 0.05), leg LM (OR: 2.463, p < 0.05), and upper body power (OR: 2.061, p < 0.05) predicted medicine ball chest throw success. Relative and absolute arm LM (OR: 3.734–11.694, p < 0.05), absolute trunk LM (OR: 2.576, p < 0.05), and leg LM (OR: 2.088, p < 0.05) predicted casualty drag success. Upper body power (OR: 3.910, p < 0.05), absolute trunk LM (OR: 2.387, p < 0.05), leg LM (OR: 2.290, p < 0.05), and total LM (OR: 1.830, p < 0.05) predicted maximum single lift success. Relative and absolute arm LM (OR: 3.488–7.377, p < 0.05), leg LM (OR: 1.965, p < 0.05), and upper body power (OR: 1.957, p < 0.05) predicted water can carry success. %BF (OR: 0.814, p = 0.007), V̇O2peak (OR: 1.160, p = 0.031), and lower body strength (OR: 1.059, p < 0.001) predicted repeated lift and carry success. V̇O2peak (OR: 1.540, p < 0.001) predicted 2‐km ruck march success. Modifiable characteristics were the strongest predictors for GCC‐based PES task success to warrant their improvement for enhancing PES performance for women.
Key steps and barriers in the journey of patients with epilepsy through the National Healthcare System in Spain: The EPIPASS qualitative study
Authors: Poza Juan José , Gobbo Milena , Palanca Cámara María ,   FEDE, Pérez‐Domper Paloma , Aledo‐Serrano Ángel ,   the EPIPASS Group
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy requires continuous medical attention from multiple healthcare specialists, specialized facilities, and community‐based care. In Spain, there is no standardized approach to epilepsy care. The aim of this study was to identify the factors impacting on the delivery of high‐quality care by exploring key steps and barriers along the patient journey through the Spanish National Healthcare System (NHS).MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using opinions and experiences of neurologists, nurses, patients, and caregivers shared in discussion meetings. Using thematic content analyses, relevant aim‐focused statements were coded according to prespecified issues in a discussion map (i.e., key steps and barriers), and sub‐coded according to emerging issues. Thematic saturation and co‐occurrence of key steps/barriers were evaluated to identify the most relevant factors impacting on the delivery of high‐quality care.ResultsSixty‐five stakeholders took part in discussion meetings (36 neurologists, 10 nurses, 10 patients, and nine caregivers). Six key steps on the patient journey were identified: emergency care, diagnosis, drug therapy, follow‐up, referral, and interventional treatment. Of these, follow‐up was the most relevant step impacting on the delivery of high‐quality patient care, followed by drug therapy and diagnosis. Emergency care was considered a hot‐spot step with impact throughout the patient journey. Communication (among HCPs and between HCPs and patients) was a barrier to the delivery of high‐quality care at several stages of the patient journey, including drug therapy, follow‐up, referral, and interventional treatment. Resource availability was a barrier for diagnosis (especially for confirmation), drug therapy (drug availability), and referral (lack of professionals and specialized centers, and long waiting lists).SignificanceThis is the first study capturing perspectives of four key stakeholders involved in epilepsy care in Spain. We provide an overview of the patient journey through the Spanish NHS and highlight opportunities to improve the delivery of patient‐centered care with a chronicity perspective.Plain Language SummaryPatients with epilepsy may require prolonged medical care. In Spain, care is provided by a range of specialist and non‐specialist centers. In this study, a team of Spanish neurologists, nurses, patients and caregivers identified barriers that affect the delivery of high‐quality care for patients with epilepsy at each stage of their journey through the Spanish NHS. Specific epilepsy training for healthcare providers, appropriate resources for diagnosing and treating patients, and good communication between healthcare workers and patients were identified as important factors in providing high‐quality care for patients with epilepsy.
Techno‐economic assessment of photovoltaic along with battery power supply for health centers
Authors: Ngusie Samuel Degarege , Rufo Derara Duba 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn developing countries, electrical power distribution networks are often inadequate, particularly in small health centers. As a result, the electrical energy supplied by the grid is frequently interrupted. The productivity and quality of service delivered by these health centers to the people who live in these areas are severely affected by this issue. This issue can be resolved by incorporating battery storage systems along with renewable energy sources into the distribution system. The direct delivery of energy to customers is greatly aided by these renewable energy supplies. Partially, the grid supports such a system on a limited scale to guarantee the continuity of the energy supply. This study tried to resolve the problem due to these frequent power outages and its economic expenditures. To address the illustrated challenges, we tried to renovate the diesel generator with a solar and battery energy supply. The PVsyst software shows the average global solar radiation in the selected zone is. The annual energy demand for Gedeo health centers in 2023 is 3.32 MWH and the proposed PV‐battery hybrid system has a 10.95 MWH capacity. Moreover, when we utilize a diesel generator the Capital cost (CC), Net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and payback period are 12 452.25$, 13 369.12$, 0.1$, and 10.7 years respectively. The economic assessment result of the proposed system is 4083$, 4727$, 0.059$, and 3.8 years consecutively. In southern Ethiopia, the annual emission from diesel generators alone, excluding the emission from the vehicles is close to 692 tons. Consequently, from the empirical economic assessment the installed solar energy is 90% more beneficial than the existing system.
Utilization of carbon‐black industry waste to synthesize electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Singh Akshita , Srivastava Vimal Chandra , Janowska Izabela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSolid waste utilization in synthesizing porous carbon materials for supercapacitor electrodes has been a fast‐progressing research domain in past decades. Different types of agricultural and industrial waste have the potential to act as a precursor supply for carbon with porous structures. In this study, the waste generated from a furnace‐grade conductive carbon black manufacturing industry was utilized to synthesize porous carbon through pyrolysis at 400°C for 2 hours, followed by chemical activation at 800°C for 1 hour. Different activating agents, precisely, potassium hydroxide, orthophosphoric acid, and zinc chloride, were used. Similar activation conditions as well as the mass ratio of activating agent to sample (4:1), were maintained to make a comparative study. All three samples were then tested in a three‐electrode set‐up through cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for their performance as electrode material for supercapacitors with a mass loading of 4.0 mg/cm2 in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. The largest specific capacitance was obtained for the KOH‐activated sample, that is, 21.3 F/g, followed by 17.9 F/g for H3PO4 activated sample and 13.7 F/g for the ZnCl2‐activated sample, at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. Though the obtained capacitance is much smaller for its practical application, the study acts as a base for further modifications and upgrades to utilize this high carbon‐containing waste in energy storage.