bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
mTORC2 knockdown mediates lipid metabolism to alleviate hyperlipidemic pancreatitis through PPARα
Authors: Wang Xiangyang , Liu Yilei , Zhou Yaxiong , Li Min , Mo Tingting , Xu Xiaoping , Chen Zhiyuan , Zhang Yu , Yang Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHyperlipidemic pancreatitis (HP) is an inflammatory injury of the pancreas triggered by elevated serum triglyceride (TG) levels. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating lipid homeostasis and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate whether the activity of mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) affects the progression of HP and its underlying mechanisms. In vivo, a high‐fat diet and retrograde administration of sodium taurocholate were employed to establish the HP models in rats, with pancreatic tissue pathology evaluated. The expression of Rictor and peroxisome proliferator‐activator receptor (PPAR) was examined. The serum levels of TG, fatty acid metabolites, inflammatory and lipid metabolism‐related factors were determined. In vitro, pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) were exposed to palmitic acid and cholecystokinin‐8. PAC apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis were assessed. In the HP models, rats and PACs exhibited upregulated Rictor and downregulated PPARα, and Rictor knockdown promoted PPARα expression. In vivo, Rictor knockdown decreased the serum levels of TG, α‐amylase, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase, and inflammatory factors, while increasing high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Rictor knockdown increased ACOX1 and CPT1α and decreased SREBP‐1, CD36, SCD1, ACLY, and ACACA. Rictor knockdown reduced damage to pancreatic tissue structure. In vitro, Rictor knockdown inhibited PAC apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Treatment with the PPARα antagonist GW6471 abolished the beneficial effects of Rictor knockdown. Rictor/mTORC2 deficiency reduces serum TG levels, maintains lipid homeostasis, and suppresses inflammation by inhibiting PPARα expression. Weakening mTORC2 activity holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for HP.
Astaxanthin ameliorated isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction via improving the mitochondrial function and antioxidant activity in rats
Authors: Mahmoud Doaa Salah Eddin , Kamel Maher A. , El‐Sayed Ibrahim El‐Tantawy , Binsuwaidan Reem , Elmongy Elshaymaa I. , Razzaq Mohand Kareem , Abd Eldaim Mabrouk Attia , Ahmed El S. Abdel Megeed , Shaker Sara A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present study evaluated the cardioprotective effect of astaxanthin (ASX) against isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction in rats via the pathway of mitochondrial biogenesis as the possible molecular target of astaxanthin. The control group was injected with normal physiological saline subcutaneously for 2 days. The second group was injected with ISO at a dose of 85 mg/kg bwt subcutaneously for 2 days. The third, fourth and fifth groups were supplemented with ASX at doses of 10, 20, 30 mg/kg bwt, respectively daily by oral gavage for 21 days then injected with ISO dose of 85 mg/kg bwt subcutaneously for 2 successive days. Isoproterenol administration in rats elevated the activities of Creatine kinase‐MB (CK‐MB), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and other serum cardiac biomarkers Troponin‐I activities, oxidative stress biomarkers, malondialdehyde(MDA), Nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐KB), while it decreased Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma coactivator (PGC‐1α), Nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nfe212), mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (mt TFA), mitochondrial DNA copy number and glutathione system parameters. However, Astaxanthin decreased the activities of serum AST, LDH, CK‐MB, and Troponin I that elevated by ISO. In addition, it increased glutathione peroxidase and reductase activities, total glutathione and reduced GSH content, and GSH/GSSG ratio, mtDNA copy number, PGC‐1α expression and Tfam expression that improved mitochondrial biogenesis while it decreased GSSG and MDA contents and NF‐KB level in the cardiac tissues. This study indicated that astaxanthin relieved isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction via scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage and apoptosis in cardiac tissue.
Changes in Red Cell Morphology and Haematological Laboratory Parameters Associated With Alectinib
Authors: Li Ting Hon Stanford , Chik Yin Kwan Jeannie , Ng Ka Yan , Wong Wai Shan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlectinib is a second‐generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor indicated for ALK‐mutated non‐small‐cell lung cancer. Recently, the association between alectinib and red cell morphological abnormalities has been reported in a few case series. This retrospective observational study aims to determine the frequency of occurrence of acanthocytosis in patients taking alectinib and to evaluate the red cell indices, biochemical markers of haemolysis and eosin‐5‐maleimide (EMA) binding assay results in patients receiving alectinib.MethodsPatients who were on alectinib and had a complete blood count test performed in Queen Elizabeth Hospital Haematology Laboratory between 1 May 2021 and 31 August 2021 were included in the study. Haematological investigations that had been performed before and after the commencement of alectinib were reviewed.ResultsFifty patients receiving alectinib were evaluated in this analysis. One hundred per cent of patients showed 3+ acanthocytes on the peripheral blood smears. Compared with the test results before starting alectinib, the post‐alectinib blood tests showed a significantly lower haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and haematocrit; and a significantly higher mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and red cell distribution width. All the tested patients showed a marked reduction in EMA mean channel fluorescence compared with normal control.ConclusionOur cohort revealed that alectinib caused significant acanthocytosis in all patients. Alectinib was also associated with changes in red cell indices and biochemical markers of haemolysis, compatible with a spherocytic and anisopoikilocytic morphology with haemolysis. Patients on alectinib had reduced EMA binding.
Five‐cycle double cover and shortest cycle cover
Authors: Liu Siyan , Hao Rong‐Xia , Luo Rong , Zhang Cun‐Quan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe 5‐even subgraph cycle double cover conjecture (5‐CDC conjecture) asserts that every bridgeless graph has a 5‐even subgraph double cover. A shortest even subgraph cover of a graph is a family of even subgraphs which cover all the edges of and the sum of their lengths is minimum. It is conjectured that every bridgeless graph has an even subgraph cover with total length at most . In this paper, we study those two conjectures for weak oddness 2 cubic graphs and present a sufficient condition for such graphs to have a 5‐CDC containing a member with many vertices. As a corollary, we show that for every oddness 2 cubic graph satisfying the sufficient condition has a 4‐even subgraph ‐cover with total length at most . We also show that every oddness 2 cubic graph with girth at least 30 has a 5‐CDC containing a member of length at least and thus it has a 4‐even subgraph ‐cover with total length at most .
Portal vein hypoplasia is present in patients with biliary atresia at the time of diagnosis
Authors: Takimoto Aitaro , Wolfe Nicholas , Jiahui Liu , Kato Daiki , Yasui Akihiro , Uchida Hiroo , Asai Akihiro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with biliary atresia (BA), severe portal hypertension (HTN) develops even with successful bile flow restoration, suggesting an intrinsic factor driving portal HTN independent from bile obstruction. We hypothesize that patients with BA have abnormal portal vein (PV) development, leading to PV hypoplasia.MethodsIn this observational cohort study, we enrolled patients who were referred to a tertiary center from 2017 to 2021 to rule out BA. Newborns who underwent computed tomography angiogram as a clinical routine before intraoperative cholangiogram, and laparoscopic Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy. The diameter of the PV and hepatic artery (HA) were compared to the degree of liver fibrosis in the wedge biopsies. The jaundice clearance, native liver survival, and clinical portal hypertensive events, including ascites development and intestinal bleeding, were assessed.Results47 newborns with cholestasis were included in the cohort; 35 were diagnosed with BA. The patients with BA had a smaller median PV diameter (4.3 vs. 5.1 mm; p < 0.001) and larger median HA diameter (1.4 vs. 1.2 mm; p < 0.05) compared to the patients with other forms of cholestasis. The median PV and HA diameter did not correlate with the degree of liver fibrosis. Among 35 patients with BA, 29 patients (82.9%) achieved jaundice clearance, and 23 patients (65.7%) were alive with their native liver at two years of age. Seven patients (20%) developed intestinal bleeding, and seven patients (20%) developed ascites, with one overlapping patient.ConclusionPV hypoplasia is present in patients with BA independent of liver fibrosis at the time of diagnosis.
Patients' joint perception after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction as a reliable patient‐reported outcome measure
Authors: Mirghaderi Peyman , Poursalehian Mohammad , Eshraghi Nasim , Ayati Firoozabadi Mohammad , Mortazavi S. M. Javad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to evaluate and compare patients' joint perception (PJP) with other commonly employed patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) in a cohort of patients following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 108 patients who underwent ACLR between 2017 and 2021, with complete data available for visual analogue scale (VAS) pain, PJP, Forgotten Joint Score (FJS), Tegner Activity Scale, Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport After Injury (ACL‐RSI), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), Cincinnati Knee Rating System (CKRS) and The Hospital for Special Surgery Anterior Cruciate Ligament Satisfaction Survey (HSS ACL‐SS) at a mean follow‐up of 3 years. Spearman's rank‐order correlation was used to determine the correlations between clinical scores. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the discriminatory power of the chosen PROMs in detecting natural joint perception. Natural joint perception was defined as patients responding ‘like a native or natural joint’ or PJP = 1. This study hypothesized that PJP would demonstrate significant correlations with established PROMs, indicating its reliability and validity as a tool for assessing outcomes following ACLR.ResultsPJP showed significant correlations with all the reported PROMs, suggesting its potential as a valid and reliable assessment tool for evaluating ACLR outcomes. The ROC curve analysis indicated a good area under the curve for identifying natural joint perception using various PROMs. According to the PJP, nearly 20% of patients reported natural joint perception.ConclusionThis study evaluates PJP as a reliable tool for assessing patient outcomes following ACLR. Its significant correlation with other established PROMs underscores its potential as a valuable addition to the existing array of PROMs in ACLR.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Pre‐vascular Facial Nodes: Sentinel Station for Metastasis in Gingivobuccal Complex Cancers
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Kondamudi Dheeraj , Sagar Prem , Khan Maroof A. , Kakkar Aanchal , Manchanda Smita , Bhalla Ashu S. , Sikka Kapil , Singh Chirom A. , Kumar Rakesh , Thakar Alok 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPre‐vascular facial nodes (PV‐FNs; perifacial lymph nodes) are supra‐mandibular lymph nodes above the inferior border of the mandible. These are not part of routine neck dissection done for OCSCC. These lymph nodes can be sentinel station for metastatic lymph nodes from gingivobuccal complex cancers and are missed during routine neck dissection. It is imperative to include this sentinel station in routine neck dissection to prevent nodal recurrences.Materials and MethodsOne hundred thirty‐seven patients with GBCC (T1–T4) were prospectively recruited between May 2020 and June 2022 with the intent to evaluate the incidence of PV‐FN metastases and clinicopathological factors predicting them.ResultsPV‐FN metastases were seen in 26 patients (18.9%; 26/137). The occult metastasis rate was 8.7% (12/137). On multivariate analysis, pathological T4 stage (pT4), LVE positivity, and intermediate‐high BGS were statistically significant predictors of PV‐FN metastases in our study.ConclusionsIncidence of PV‐FN metastasis is high (18.9%) in GBCC, which can be potentially the first sentinel station in the lymphatic drainage pattern for this sub‐site. Meticulous clearance of this nodal basin is of paramount importance during neck dissection to prevent nodal recurrences.Level of EvidenceLevel 2 (CEBM‐Level of Evidence‐2.1) Laryngoscope, 2024
The effect of multielectrode galvanic corrosion behavior and area ratio on 6061 aluminum alloy, Q235 stainless steel, and carbon fiber composites
Authors: Chen Guangyi , Huai Xiangdong , Xu Guisheng , Zhang Wenzhuo , Han Xiaoqiang , Wang Decheng , Yin Qi , Xie Dan , Chen Yuli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, electrochemical experiments and numerical simulation methods are employed to study the multielectrode galvanic corrosion behavior of 6061‐Q235‐CFRP, and discuss the influence of the cathode and anode area ratio on the multielectrode galvanic corrosion behavior. The results show that in the 6061‐Q235‐CFRP multielectrode corrosion system, 6061 aluminum alloy is the only anode, and Q235 as well as CFRP are both cathodes. In a multielectrode galvanic system of 6061‐Q235‐CFRP, the current density of 6061 is slightly smaller than the sum of the current densities of 6061 in two galvanic systems of 6061‐Q235 as well as 6061‐CFRP. Moreover, the potential of the galvanic system shifts negatively and the current density decreases gradually with the increasing area of 6061, which has a logarithmic relationship with the area of the cathode and anode. While the current density increases with the increasing area of Q235 or CFRP.
Usefulness of somatosensory evoked potentials for monitoring the clinical course of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Llauradó A. , Gratacòs‐Viñola M. , Vidal‐Taboada J. M. , Sanchez‐Tejerina D. , Salvadó M. , Sotoca J. , López‐Diego V. , Alemañ J. , Restrepo‐Vera J. L. , Lainez E. , Seoane J. L. , Raguer N. , Juntas‐Morales R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsSomatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) are described as a supportive tool to diagnose chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP); however, there is a lack of studies determining the effectiveness of SSEPs in monitoring the clinical course of individuals with this condition. The aims of this study are to evaluate the utility of SSEPs in monitoring patients with CIDP and to assess their association with clinical outcomes following immunomodulatory therapy.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective observational study that included patients who met European Federation of Neurological Societies and Peripheral Nerve Society criteria for CIDP between 2018 and 2023. SSEPs were performed at diagnosis and during follow‐up after the start of immunomodulatory treatment. Fisher's exact test was employed to assess the association between clinical improvement and SSEP improvement.ResultsEighteen patients were included in the study. Ten patients had a typical CIDP pattern and 11 were male. In 17, SSEPs were abnormal prior to the start of immunomodulatory treatment. In patients who showed clinical improvement with immunomodulatory therapy, we observed that 15/17 had partial or complete improvement in SSEPs. Patients who showed no clinical improvement with first‐line treatment exhibited worsening SSEPs. There was a significant association between clinical and SSEPs improvement (p = 0.009).DiscussionWe observed a positive association between improvement in SSEPs and clinical improvement in patients with CIDP. Our data suggest that SSEPs may be useful for monitoring the clinical course of patients with CIDP, but additional, larger studies are needed.
Agriculture students’ use of generative artificial intelligence for microcontroller programming
Authors: Johnson Donald M. , Doss Will , Estepp Christopher M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMicrocontrollers are widely used in agriculture, yet most undergraduate agriculture students do not have the programming skills necessary to make use of these devices in their academic programs or careers. However, generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT, have the ability to write complex microcontroller programs when properly queried. The study was conducted to determine the effects of undergraduate agriculture students’ (n = 22) use of ChatGPT to write a microcontroller program on their programming task performance, self‐efficacy, and attitudes toward generative AI. Nine of 11 (81.8%) student pairs were successful in the ChatGPT‐assisted programming activity, requiring between one (33.3%) and six (11.1%) queries to develop their programs. The two unsuccessful pairs used either one or two queries and produced somewhat functional programs that did not fully operate as specified. Pre‐ and posttest surveys indicated significant (p < 0.001) increases in self‐efficacy for writing microcontroller programs, for using ChatGPT to write microcontroller programs, and attitudes toward generative AI. This research confirmed that undergraduate agriculture students can successfully use generative AI chatbots to write microcontroller programs and that successful task completion increases student self‐efficacy. Further research is needed to determine best practices for using generative AI in teaching and learning microcontroller programming.
hBN/PVDF‐HFP and BNNS/PVDF‐HFP nanocomposites as flexible and lightweight dielectric capacitors: High energy storage performance via electrically insulating nanoparticles
Authors: Koroglu Levent , Tubio Carmen R. , Correia Daniela M. , Costa Carlos M. , Ayas Erhan , Lanceros‐Mendez Senentxu , Ay Nuran 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs the energy demand continuously increases, polymer‐based materials have attracted much attention for energy storage systems as dielectric capacitors due to their higher power density and charge–discharge rate than lithium‐ion batteries and supercapacitors. However, it is necessary to increase the energy density of dielectric capacitors. In this context, poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene), PVDF‐HFP, matrix nanocomposites are produced by solution casting method reinforced with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoparticles and silane‐modified boron nitride nanosheets ‐BNNSs‐ (BNNS‐VTS) up to 10 wt.% filler content. The effects of filler content and surface modification of hBN/BNNSs on PVDF‐HFP matrix nanocomposites' microstructure, phase evolution, crystalization behavior, dielectric properties, and energy storage performance are discussed. 4% hBN/PVDF‐HFP nanocomposite demonstrates 641 MV·m−1 of breakdown strength and 23.2 J·cm−3 of discharged energy density due to hexagonal boron nitride's excellent electrical insulating behavior. The achieved values are 3.0 and 10.5 times superior to the values of the neat thin film, respectively, and they are noteworthy among hBN‐ or BNNS‐reinforced PVDF‐based nanocomposites, even in multi‐layered structures. Furthermore, 4% hBN/PVDF‐HFP presents a giant charge–discharge energy efficiency (92%). It is thus demonstrated that hBN/PVDF‐HFP nanocomposites hold a great potential to be used in energy storage applications as flexible and lightweight dielectric capacitors.Highlights
PVDF‐HFP matrix nanocomposites for electrical energy storage as flexible dielectric capacitors
hBN NPs and silane‐modified BNNSs are reinforced into the matrix by 0–10 wt.%.
The effects of filler content and surface modification of hBN/BNNSs are discussed.
4% hBN loading results in 23.2 J·cm−3 energy density and 92% efficiency at 641 MV·m−1 breakdown strength.
Those metrics are relatively high in hBN‐ or BNNS‐reinforced PVDF‐based nanocomposites.
Impact resistance of polyurethane elastomer enhanced by organic montmorillonite with interlayer anchored polymer chains
Authors: Zhao Zengqiong , Fu Zhao , Qi Feng , Di Chunyang , Qin Yuanbo , Zhang Biao , Gao Jun , Chen Jing , Wang Jinbin , Ouyang Xiaoping , Zhong Xiangli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of materials with excellent impact resistance is essential for safety protection. Polyurethane elastomer (PUE) is widely used in impact protection; however, it has low dynamic compressive strength and poor energy absorption efficiency under high‐speed impact, limiting its in‐depth application in the protection field. Herein, an organic montmorillonite (MMT) with interlayer anchored polymer chains, named M@NH3+, was synthesized via the dual modification of MMT involving surface grafting and cation intercalation by macromolecular amino silane, which was used to enhance the impact resistance of PUE. Based on the uniform dispersion of M@NH3+ within the PUE matrix, the strong bonding at the polymer‐filler interface and the synergistic action between M@NH3+ lamellae, PUE‐M@NH3+ composite exhibited excellent mechanical properties and energy absorption capacity. Compared with pure PUE, the elastic modulus (+98.3%), static compressive strength (+37.0%), dynamic compressive strength (+35.4%) and impact energy absorption (+50.8%) of PUE‐2wt%M@NH3+ were significantly improved, which shows that it has potential applications in the field of high‐speed impact protection.Highlights
Organic MMT with interlayer anchored polymer chains was prepared.
The large interlayer spacing of M@NH3+ facilitates its dispersion within the matrix.
The interconnected M@NH3+ lamellae can collaboratively disperse impact stress.
The impact energy absorption of PUE composite has been remarkably improved.
Cover Image
Authors: Li Yao , Shang Yaoxing , Wan Xiaofei , Yu Tian , Zhao Xi , Jiao Zongxia 
Published: August 2024

The cover image is based on the article Design, optimization, manufacture, and tests of CFRP hydraulic cylinder tube without metal liner: A bionic thorn‐tooth connection by Yao Li et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.28504.
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Transient changes in mismatch negativity after two sessions of electroconvulsive therapy for atypical psychosis: A case report
Authors: Mori Yuhei , Kanno Kazuko , Hoshino Hiroshi , Takahashi Yuichi , Suzuki Yuhei , Miura Itaru 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCognitive abnormalities associated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are limited to the first few days after treatment. Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an event‐related potential that reflects an automatic auditory change detection process under nonattention conditions and cognitive function in psychotic disorders and may be trait‐ or state‐dependent. This study aimed to report the changes in MMN and cognitive function after two ECT treatments in a female patient who underwent maintenance ECT for atypical psychosis.Case PresentationA 67‐year‐old Japanese woman with atypical psychosis was admitted to our hospital for the maintenance of ECT. She received two ECT treatments. We measured her duration‐MMN (MMN‐D) at baseline, the day after two ECT treatments, and approximately 40 days after the two ECT treatments. After the two ECT treatments, the peak latency of the MMN on the following day was delayed compared with that before the first ECT treatment. Forty days after the two ECT treatments, the peak latency reverted to the baseline. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia scores measured at the same time point also showed a similar temporary decrease in scores.ConclusionPeak latency prolongation in MMN‐D may reflect transient cognitive abnormalities after ECT. MMN can be useful to evaluate cognitive dysfunction, one of the adverse events of ECT. However, future studies are needed to examine the reproducibility and to examine the results in diseases other than atypical psychosis.