bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification, characterization and analysis of expression of genes encoding arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferases in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum
Authors: Barberà M. , Mengual B. , Collantes‐Alegre J. M. , Cortés T. , González A. , Martínez‐Torres D. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMost organisms exhibit some kind of rhythmicity in their behaviour and/or physiology as an adaptation to the cyclical movements of the Earth. In addition to circadian rhythms, many organisms have an annual rhythmicity in certain activities, such as reproduction, migration or induction of diapause. Current knowledge of the molecular basis controlling seasonal rhythmicity, especially in insects, is scarce. One element that seems to play an essential role in the maintenance of both circadian and seasonal rhythms in vertebrates is the hormone melatonin. In vertebrates, the limiting enzyme in its synthesis is the arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase (AANAT). Melatonin is also present in insects but the precise biochemical pathway and the enzymes involved in its synthesis are unknown. Insects possess phylogenetically distant arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferases but their involvement in melatonin synthesis still needs to be fully demonstrated. Aphids have a seasonally rhythmical life cycle, reproducing parthenogenetically by viviparity in favourable seasons but, in unfavourable seasons, they produce a single generation of sexual individuals. The length of the photoperiod is the main environmental factor that controls the mode of reproduction in aphids. Taking advantage of the availability of the genome of the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, we searched for genes encoding aphid arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase homologues that could be candidates for participation in seasonal rhythmicity. We identified four AANAT genes, of which at least two (Ap‐AANAT1 and Ap‐AANAT3) showed highly significant variation in transcription levels depending on the photoperiod conditions. These results are discussed in the context of how seasonality can be controlled in aphids.
Diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to L‐asparaginase in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Gifford G. , Milliken S. , Greenfield J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe describe a case of severe hyperglycaemia resulting in diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to L‐asparaginase. There are few reports of this potentially life‐threatening complication, particularly in the English literature. Awareness and recognition of this preventable and manageable problem will improve safe delivery of this anti‐leukaemic drug.
Professionalizing Diversity and Inclusion Practice: Should Voluntary Standards Be the Chicken or the Egg?
Authors: Hays-Thomas Rosemary , Bendick Marc 
Published: August 2013

Workplace diversity and inclusion (D & I) practices today are based to a great extent on unevaluated experience and intuition rather than empirical evidence. Would voluntary professional practice standards in this field help to raise the level of current and future practice? Or would they be premature? If developed under 4 principles we describe, we predict the former. However, this positive outcome will also require industrial and organizational (I–O) psychologists to join their D & I colleagues in expanding research on D & I practices, strengthening the skills of D & I practitioners, assisting employers to avoid self-incrimination, and enhancing employer commitment to D & I itself. I–O psychologists should also be aware of other implications of D & I practice standards for their work.
Highly expressed genes in gonads of the bat star Patiria miniata: gene ontology, expression differences, and gamete recognition loci
Authors: Hart Michael W. , Foster Adam 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEvolutionary analysis of mating systems in broadcast‐spawning marine animals and plants has focused on sperm‐ and egg‐surface proteins and glycopeptides that mediate reproductive interactions at different stages of gamete recognition. Improved understanding of the ecology and evolution of such interactions depends on extending our knowledge to multiple genes expressed in both sperm and eggs of diverse taxonomic groups with different modes of fertilization. Here, we use readily accessible next‐generation sequencing methods and desktop bioinformatics to characterize the repertoire of highly expressed genes in testes and ovaries of the asterinid sea star Patiria miniata, including gene ontology annotations for male‐ and female‐expressed molecules, and descriptions of two genes that encode egg‐surface molecules involved in fertilization that have not previously been studied in sea stars. The results are used to contrast expression differences between the testis and ovary, and to develop hypotheses of gamete‐specific expression. We also explore differences in ovary gene expression among multiple females from northern and southern populations that show nucleotide differentiation at many non‐expressed loci and at a gamete recognition locus.
A longitudinal study of coping strategies in men receiving radiotherapy and neo‐adjuvant androgen deprivation for prostate cancer: a quantitative and qualitative study
Authors: McSorley Oonagh , McCaughan Eilis , Prue Gillian , Parahoo Kader , Bunting Brendan , O'Sullivan Joe 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimThis paper reports a study on how men cope with the side‐effects of radiotherapy and neo‐adjuvant androgen deprivation for prostate cancer up to 1 year after treatment.BackgroundWith early detection and improved treatments, prostate cancer survivors are living longer with the disease and the side‐effects of treatment. How they cope affects their long‐term physical and mental health.DesignA prospective, longitudinal, exploratory design using both qualitative and quantitative methods was used in this study.MethodBetween September 2006–September 2007 149 men who were about to undergo radical radiotherapy ± androgen deprivation for localized prostate cancer in Northern Ireland were recruited to the study. They completed the Brief Cope scale at four time‐points.ResultsAcceptance, positive reframing, emotional support, planning and, just getting on with it, were the most common ways of coping. Fewer men used coping strategies less at 6 months and 1 year after radiotherapy in comparison to pre‐treatment and 4–6 weeks after radiotherapy. Interviews with these men demonstrated that men adapted to a new norm, with the support of their wives/partners and did not readily seek professional help. A minority of men used alcohol, behavioural disengagement and self blame as ways of coping.ConclusionMen used a variety of ways of coping to help them deal with radiotherapy and neo‐adjuvant androgen deprivation for up to 12 months after radiotherapy. Interventions need to be developed to take account of the specific needs of partners of men with prostate cancer and single men who have prostate cancer.
Resilient ageing: a concept analysis
Authors: Hicks Maxine M. , Conner Norma E. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimThis paper is a report of an analysis of the concept resilient ageing. Unique in comparison with other healthy ageing concepts, resilient ageing can be applied to all older people, regardless of age or affliction.BackgroundThe state of global population expansion in older people over the next 50 years calls for increased health promotion research efforts to ensure the maintenance of health and optimal quality of life for all older people.Data sourcesLiterature for this concept analysis was retrieved from several databases, CINAHL, PubMed PsycINFO, for the years 1990–2012.DesignRodgers's evolutionary method of concept analysis was used because of its applicability to concepts that are still evolving.MethodsAn integrative research review methodology was applied to peer‐reviewed journal articles (n = 46) for an inductive analysis of the concept of resilient ageing.ResultsThe antecedents, defining attributes, and consequence of resilient ageing were identified. Antecedents to resilient ageing were found to be adversity and protective factors, while the core attributes include coping, hardiness and self‐concept. The consequence of the process of resilient ageing was optimal quality of life. Sense of coherence was found to be the surrogate term. The results obtained were further substantiated using Antonovsky's (1979) theory of salutogenesis.ConclusionA theoretical definition and a model of resilient ageing were developed. In addition, a discussion was provided on the practice, policy and research implications for promoting the development of protective factors and resilient ageing.
Discordant population expansions in four species of coral‐associated Pacific hermit crabs (Anomura: Diogenidae) linked to habitat availability resulting from sea‐level change
Authors: Baums Iliana B. , Scott Godwin L. , Franklin Erik C. , Carlon David B. , Toonen Robert J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimTo explore the spatial and temporal genetic structure of four tropical hermit crabs in the genus Calcinus with varying habitat use in order to test for impacts of sea‐level change and demography in shaping contemporary population structure and to understand how this structure relates to the process of speciation in the genus.LocationCentral Pacific.MethodsWe sequenced 586 bp of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) (n = 702) and analysed the data for population differentiation and demographic changes. We complemented the sequences with abundance surveys of targeted species and modelled potential habitat availability in response to sea‐level change.ResultsSequence data revealed high haplotype diversity (h = 0.685–0.983) and low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.002–0.018) for all species. There was little population differentiation and extensive geographical haplotype sharing within all species, despite dramatic shifts in the abundance of species among locations, which appear to result from ecological interactions rather than limits to contemporary larval dispersal. Population expansion occurred most recently in the subtidal species Calcinus haigae (30–70 ka), whereas the intertidal species showed earlier expansions: Calcinus seurati: 110–140 ka, and Calcinus laevimanus: 220–250 ka. Differences in timing can be linked to the prediction that subtidal habitat area is strongly affected by changing sea level, while intertidal habitat area is affected less strongly. Interestingly, unlike the West Pacific, habitat in the Central Pacific remains relatively equidistant.Main conclusionsHabitat availability during sea‐level fluctuations, rather than dispersal limitation per se, appears to be a potential force shaping the population genetic patterns of subtidal species, and perhaps speciation of tropical Calcinus hermit crabs. Insofar as this represents a general pattern, historical sea‐level change may play a role in structuring Central Pacific reef species through alteration of habitat availability rather than isolation and vicariance.
Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma: proposed diagnostic criteria and therapeutic evaluation
Authors: Nofal A. , Assaf M. , Nofal E. , Alradi M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractGeneralized eruptive keratoacanthoma (GEKA) of Grzybowski is a sporadically occurring, extremely rare variant of keratoacanthoma characterized clinically by severely pruritic, generalized eruption of numerous small follicular papules, often with a central keratotic plug, and histologically by typical features of solitary keratoacanthoma. Despite the continuous addition of new case reports, no definite diagnostic criteria have been established, and an optimum treatment is not yet determined. Herein, we review the different aspects of this rare entity, including pathogenesis, clinical and histopathological features, differential diagnosis, course and prognosis. Different therapeutic approaches and their impact on the course and prognosis of the disease are also evaluated and presented. We propose two sets of diagnostic criteria to define the disease more precisely and to avoid overlapping and confusion with other types of multiple keratoacanthoma. The first set comprises constant clinical and histopathological features that almost always present in every case and the second set includes variable features that were reported in some patients, and to which any emerging finding could be added to avoid missing cases. Although different therapeutic options have been used, either as single agents or in combinations, there is no standard therapy for GEKA and the disease still represents a therapeutic challenge.
Morphometric analysis of molars in a Middle Pleistocene population shows a mosaic of ‘modern’ and Neanderthal features
Authors: Martinón‐Torres María , Spěváčková Petra , Gracia‐Téllez Ana , Martínez Ignacio , Bruner Emiliano , Arsuaga Juan Luis , Bermúdez de Castro José María 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPrevious studies of upper first molar (M1) crown shape have shown significant differences between Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis that were already present in the European Middle Pleistocene populations, including the large dental sample from Atapuerca‐Sima de los Huesos (SH). Analysis of other M1 features such as the total crown base area, cusp proportions, cusp angles and occlusal polygon have confirmed the differences between both lineages, becoming a useful tool for the taxonomic assignment of isolated teeth from Late Pleistocene sites. However, until now the pattern of expression of these variables has not been known for the SH sample. This fossil sample, the largest collection from the European Middle Pleistocene, is generally interpreted as being from the direct ancestors of Neanderthals, and thus is a reference sample for assessing the origin of the Neanderthal morphologies. Surprisingly, our study reveals that SH M1s present a unique mosaic of H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens features. Regarding the cusp angles and the relative occlusal polygon area, SH matches the H. neanderthalensis pattern. However, regarding the total crown base area and relative cusps size, SH M1s are similar to H. sapiens, with a small crown area, a strong hypocone reduction and a protocone enlargement, although the protocone expansion in SH is significantly larger than in any other group studied. The SH dental sample calls into question the uniqueness of some so‐called modern traits. Our study also sounds a note of caution on the use of M1 occlusal morphology for the alpha taxonomy of isolated M1s.
GPER-1 agonist G1 induces vasorelaxation through activation of epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent signalling pathway
Authors: Jang Eun Jin , Seok Young Mi , Arterburn Jeffrey B , Olatunji Lawrence A , Kim In Kyeom 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Objectives
The G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor-1 (GPER-1) agonist G1 induces endothelium-dependent relaxation. Activation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor leads to transduction of signals from the plasma membrane for the release of nitric oxide. We tested the hypothesis that G1 induces endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation through activation of the EGF receptor.

Methods
Rat aortic rings were mounted in organ baths. After pretreatment with various inhibitors, aortic rings contracted with 11,9-epoxymethano-prostaglandin F2α or KCl were subjected to relaxation by G1.

Key findings
G1 induced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, which was attenuated by pretreatment with either L-Nω-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, or (3aS,4R,9bR)-4-(6-bromo-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta[c]quinoline HB-EGF, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, a GPER-1 antagonist. Neither a general oestrogen receptor antagonist, ICI 182 780, nor a selective oestrogen receptor-α antagonist, methyl-piperidino-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP), had an effect on G1-induced vasorelaxation. However, pretreatment with EGF receptor blockers, AG1478 or DAPH, resulted in attenuated G1-induced vasorelaxation. In addition, pretreatment with Src inhibitor 4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine, 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine or Akt inhibitor VIII also resulted in attenuated vascular relaxation induced by the cumulative addition of G1. However, neither phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase inhibitors LY294002 and wortmannin nor an extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(o-aminophenylmercapto) butadiene monoethanolate had effect on vascular relaxation induced by the cumulative addition of G1.

Conclusions
G1 induces endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation through Src-mediated activation of the EGF receptor and the Akt pathway in rat aorta.
Improved percutaneous delivery of ketoprofen using combined application of nanocarriers and silicon microneedles
Authors: Vučen Sonja R , Vuleta Gordana , Crean Abina M , Moore Anne C , Ignjatović Nenad , Uskoković Dragan 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of designing ketoprofen-loaded nanosized spheres and combining them with solid silicon microneedles for enhanced and sustained percutaneous drug delivery.

Methods
Ketoprofen-loaded nanoparticles (KET-NP) were designed by modified solvent displacement method, using poly (D, L-lactic acid) (PDLLA). All prepared nanoparticles were characterised with regard to their particle size distribution, morphology, surface properties, thermal behaviour, drug content, drug release and stability. In-vitro skin permeation studies were conducted on Franz-type diffusion cells using porcine skin treated with ImmuPatch silicon microneedles (Tyndall Nation Institute, Cork, Ireland).

Key findings
The study showed that uniform nanospheres were prepared with high encapsulation efficiency and retained stable for 2 months. After an initial burst release, the PDLLA nanoparticles were capable of sustaining and controlling ketoprofen release that followed Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetics. An enhanced flux of ketoprofen was observed in the skin treated with silicon microneedles over a prolonged period of time.

Conclusions
Following application of silicon microneedle arrays, KET-NP were able to enhance ketoprofen flux and supply the porcine skin with drug over a prolonged (24 h) period of time. Our findings indicate that the delivery strategy described here could be used for the further development of effective and painless administration systems for sustained percutaneous delivery of ketoprofen.
Periostin increases migration and proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts challenged by tumor necrosis factor ‐α and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides
Authors: Padial‐Molina M. , Volk S. L. , Rios H. F. 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundIn the chronic established periodontal lesion, the proliferation and migration potential of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are significantly compromised. Thus, the progressive loss of tissue integrity is favored and normal healing and regeneration compromised. Periostin, a known PDL marker, modulates cell–matrix interactions, cell behavior, as well as the matrix biomechanics and PDL homeostasis.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether periostin restores the regenerative potential of PDL cells in terms of proliferation, migration, and activation of survival signaling pathways after being challenged by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides and tumor necrosis factor alpha α.MethodsHuman PDL (hPDL) cells were cultured under different conditions: control, periostin (50 or 100 ng/mL), and fibroblast growth factor 2 (10 ng/mL) to evaluate cell proliferation (by Ki67), cell migration (by scratch assays) and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation (by western blot analyses of total AKT, phospho‐AKT and PS6). A different set of cultures was challenged by adding tumor necrosis factor alpha α (10 ng/mL) and P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharides (200 ng/mL) to evaluate the effects of periostin as described above.ResultsPeriostin significantly increased cell proliferation (twofold), migration (especially at earlier time points and low dose) and activation of survival signaling pathway (higher phosphorylation of AKT and PS6). Furthermore, periostin promoted similar cellular effects even after being challenged with proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial virulence factors.ConclusionPeriostin acts as an important modulator of hPDL cell–matrix dynamics. It modulates hPDL proliferation, migration and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. It also helps in overcoming the altered biological phenotype that chronic exposure to periodontal pathogens and proinflammatory cytokines produce in hPDL cells.
Differential response of human gingival fibroblasts to titanium‐ and titanium‐zirconium‐modified surfaces
Authors: Gómez‐Florit M. , Ramis J. M. , Xing R. , Taxt‐Lamolle S. , Haugen H. J. , Lyngstadaas S. P. , Monjo M. 
Published: August 2013

Background and ObjectiveGingival fibroblasts are responsible for the constant adaptation, wound healing and regeneration of gingival connective tissue. New titanium‐zirconium (TiZr) abutment surfaces have been designed to improve soft tissue integration and reduce implant failure compared with titanium (Ti). The aim of the present study was first to characterize a primary human gingival fibroblast (HGF) model and secondly to evaluate their differential response to Ti and TiZr polished (P), machined (M) and machined + acid‐etched (modMA) surfaces, respectively.Material and MethodsHGF were cultured on tissue culture plastic or on the different Ti and TiZr surfaces. Cell morphology was evaluated through confocal and scanning electron microscopy. A wound healing assay was performed to evaluate the capacity of HGF to close a scratch. The expression of genes was evaluated by real‐time RT‐PCR, addressing: (i) extracellular matrix organization and turnover; (ii) inflammation; (iii) cell adhesion and structure; and (iv) wound healing. Finally, cells on Ti/TiZr surfaces were immunostained with anti‐ITGB3 antibodies to analyze integrin β3 production. Matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP1) and inhibitor of metallopeptidases‐1 (TIMP1) production were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.ResultsOn tissue culture plastic, HGF showed no differences between donors on cell proliferation and on the ability for wound closure; α‐smooth muscle actin was overexpressed on scratched monolayers. The differentiation profile showed increased production of extracellular matrix components. Ti and TiZr showed similar biocompatibility with HGF. TiZr increased integrin‐β3 mRNA and protein levels, compared with Ti. Cells on TiZr surfaces showed higher MMP1 protein than Ti surfaces, although similar TIMP1 protein production. In this in vitro experiment, P and M surfaces from both Ti and TiZr showed better HGF growth than modMA.ConclusionTaking into account the better mechanical properties and bioactivity of TiZr compared with Ti, the results of the present study show that TiZr is a potential clinical candidate for soft tissue integration and implant success.