bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foetal cardiac function: assessing new technologies
Authors: Gardiner Helena M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAssessment of foetal cardiac function is more challenging than in the adult, in whom emerging technologies are tested. The postnatal cardio-respiratory interaction is replaced by the cardio-placental circulation and impedance of the brain, and distal vascular beds play an important role in modulating flow to enable its redistribution in the foetal body. Prenatal specialists, comprising obstetricians and cardiologists, have tested a variety of traditional methodologies, as well as non-Doppler offline ultrasound methods in the foetus. This article reviews the development of techniques, outlines their use, and draws attention to pitfalls in adapting technologies validated in the adult heart to the small, fast beating, remote, and largely ungated foetal heart.
Exploiting extra-textual and linguistic information in keyphrase extraction
Authors: BEREND GÁBOR 
Published: September 2014

AbstractKeyphrases are the most important phrases of documents that make them suitable for improving natural language processing tasks, including information retrieval, document classification, document visualization, summarization and categorization. Here, we propose a supervised framework augmented by novel extra-textual information derived primarily from Wikipedia. Wikipedia is utilized in such an advantageous way that – unlike most other methods relying on Wikipedia – a full textual index of all the Wikipedia articles is not required by our approach, as we only exploit the category hierarchy and a list of multiword expressions derived from Wikipedia. This approach is not only less resource intensive, but also produces comparable or superior results compared to previous similar works. Our thorough evaluations also suggest that the proposed framework performs consistently well on multiple datasets, being competitive or even outperforming the results obtained by other state-of-the-art methods. Besides introducing features that incorporate extra-textual information, we also experimented with a novel way of representing features that are derived from the POS tagging of the keyphrase candidates.
Making Modal Distinctions: Kant on the Possible, the Actual, and the Intuitive Understanding
Authors: Leech Jessica 
Published: September 2014

AbstractOne striking contrast that Kant draws between the kind of cognitive capacities that humans have and alternative kinds of intellect concerns modal concepts. Whilst ‘it is absolutely necessary for the human understanding to distinguish between the possibility and the actuality of things’ (5: 401), the very distinction between possibility and actuality would not arise for an intuitive understanding. The aim of this paper is to explore in more detail how the functioning of these cognitive capacities relates to modal concepts, and to provide a model of the intuitive understanding, in order to draw some general lessons for our ability to make modal judgements, and the function of such judgements.
Bifunctional Organic Polymeric Catalysts with a Tunable Acid-Base Distance and Framework Flexibility
Authors: Chen Huanhui , Wang Yanan , Wang Qunlong , Li Junhui , Yang Shiqi , Zhu Zhirong 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAcid-base bifunctional organic polymeric catalysts were synthesized with tunable structures. we demonstrated two synthesis approaches for structural fine-tune. In the first case, the framework flexibility was tuned by changing the ratio of rigid blocks to flexible blocks within the polymer framework. In the second case, we precisely adjusted the acid-base distance by distributing basic monomers to be adjacent to acidic monomers and by changing the chain length of acidic monomers. In a standard test reaction for the aldol condensation of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde with acetone, the catalysts showed good reusability upon recycling and maintained relatively high conversion percentage.
Coupled neural systems underlie the production and comprehension of naturalistic narrative speech
Authors: Silbert Lauren J. , Honey Christopher J. , Simony Erez , Poeppel David , Hasson Uri 
Published: September 2014

SignificanceSuccessful verbal communication requires the finely orchestrated interaction between production-based processes in the speaker’s brain and comprehension-based processes in the listener’s brain. Here we first develop a time-warping tool that enables us to map all brain areas reliably activated during the production of real-world speech. The results indicate that speech production is not localized to the left hemisphere but recruits an extensive bilateral network of linguistic and extralinguistic brain areas. We then directly compare the neural responses during speech production and comprehension and find that the two systems respond in similar ways. Our results argue that a shared neural mechanism supporting both production and comprehension facilitates communication and underline the importance of studying comprehension and production within unified frameworks.
Vasoprotective effect of PDGF-CC mediated by HMOX1 rescues retinal degeneration
Authors: He Chang , Zhao Chen , Kumar Anil , Lee Chunsik , Chen Mingquan , Huang Lijuan , Wang Jing , Ren Xiangrong , Jiang Yida , Chen Wei , Wang Bin , Gao Zhiqin , Zhong Zheng , Huang Zijing , Zhang Fan , Huang Bing , Ding Hao , Ju Rong , Tang Zhongshu , Liu Yizhi , Cao Yihai , Li Xuri , Liu Xialin 
Published: September 2014

Significance
PDGF-CC plays critical roles in many biological processes, such as development, tumor growth, and angiogenesis. However, its role in blood vessel survival/regression and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, using different loss- and gain-of-function assays and multiple model systems, we show that PDGF-CC is a critical vascular protective factor required to maintain blood vessel survival. Mechanistically, we found that heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) activity is crucial for the vascular protective/survival effect of PDGF-CC. Given the general involvement of vascular degeneration in most degenerative diseases, PDGF-CC may be of therapeutic use in treating different types of degenerative disorders. Our findings point out that the PDGF-CC level should be monitored closely in various pathological conditions to ensure normal blood vessel survival.
H-ferritin–nanocaged doxorubicin nanoparticles specifically target and kill tumors with a single-dose injection
Authors: Liang Minmin , Fan Kelong , Zhou Meng , Duan Demin , Zheng Jiyan , Yang Dongling , Feng Jing , Yan Xiyun 
Published: September 2014

Significance
Nanoparticles capable of specifically binding to target cells and delivering high doses of therapeutic drugs with optimized safety profiles are much sought after in the nanomedical field. Here, we developed a natural H-ferritin (HFn) nanocarrier that specifically delivered a high concentration of the therapeutic drug doxorubicin (Dox) to tumor cells and significantly inhibited tumor growth with a single-dose treatment while also showing excellent biocompatibility and safety profiles in murine cancer models. Compared with the clinically approved liposomal Dox (Doxil), HFn-Dox exhibited longer median survival times and lower toxicity when administered at the same dose in all tumor models studied.
Coiling of elastic rods on rigid substrates
Authors: Jawed Mohammad K. , Da Fang , Joo Jungseock , Grinspun Eitan , Reis Pedro M. 
Published: September 2014

Significance
The deployment of a rodlike structure onto a moving substrate is commonly found in a variety engineering applications, from the fabrication of nanotube serpentines to the laying of submarine cables and pipelines. Predictively understanding the resulting coiling patterns is challenging given the nonlinear geometry of deposition. In this paper, we combine precision model experiments with computer simulations of a rescaled analogue system and explore the mechanics of coiling. In particular, the natural curvature of the rod is found to dramatically affect the coiling process. We have introduced a computational framework that is widely used in computer animation into engineering, as a predictive tool for the mechanics of filamentary structures.
An animal-to-human scaling law for blast-induced traumatic brain injury risk assessment
Authors: Jean Aurélie , Nyein Michelle K. , Zheng James Q. , Moore David F. , Joannopoulos John D. , Radovitzky Raúl 
Published: September 2014

Significance
A physics-based animal-to-human scaling law for the effects of a blast wave on brain tissue is proposed. This scaling law, or transfer function, enables the translation of animal-based assessments of injury to the human, thus effectively enabling the derivation of human injury criteria based on animal tests. This is critical both in the diagnosis of traumatic brain injury as well as in the design of blast-protective helmets.
Tissue injury and hypoxia promote malignant progression of prostate cancer by inducing CXCL13 expression in tumor myofibroblasts
Authors: Ammirante Massimo , Shalapour Shabnam , Kang Youngjin , Jamieson Christina A. M. , Karin Michael 
Published: September 2014

Significance
Prostate cancer often responds to hormone ablation therapy or chemotherapy by becoming more aggressive and metastatic. B cells recruited into hormone-deprived tumors by C-X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13) play an important role in this process. We investigated how androgen ablation induces CXCL13 expression and found that CXCL13 is expressed by myofibroblasts within the tumor microenvironment that become activated as a result of low oxygen tension and hypoxia in androgen-deprived tumors. Hypoxia activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and induces TGF-β expression, which converts fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and stimulates CXCL13 production. We show that several treatments that block CXCL13 expression, including immunodepletion of myofibroblasts, blockade of TGF-β signaling, and phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors, inhibit B-cell recruitment into androgen-deprived prostate tumors and prevent the emergence of a more aggressive type of cancer.
The influence of Swahili on Kinubi
Authors: Luffin Xavier 
Published: September 2014

Kinubi, as it is spoken today in Kenya and Uganda, is strongly influenced by Swahili, the two languages having been in contact with each other for more than one century. This influence does not occur in the lexicon alone, but also in the phonology and even the morphology and syntax of Kinubi. Though the analysis of the lexicon and the phonology appear to be rather easy, the possible influence of Swahili on Kinubi morphology and syntax may prove to be may be more problematic. However, this influence may be ‘measured’ through the comparison of Kinubi and Juba Arabic: many features shared by Kinubi and Swahili are not found in Juba Arabic, which tends to show that these expressions come from Swahili.This influence seems to be rather uniform, though Swahili does not occupy the same place in Uganda and Kenya. This fact may be explained by several factors, like the ‘Islamic’ culture of the Nubi, which makes Swahili a language of prestige, even in the community based in Uganda, as well as the permanence of the contact between Nubi communities across the border, including intermarriage and other social factors.
A Randomized Crossover Trial to Decrease Bacterial Contamination on Hospital Scrubs
Authors: Boutin Mallory A. , Thom Kerri A. , Zhan Min , Johnson J. Kristie 
Published: September 2014

Healthcare worker attire may become contaminated with pathogenic organisms during a normal shift. We performed a randomized crossover study to assess whether treatment with an antimicrobial coating would decrease bacterial contamination on scrubs. Thirty percent of all scrubs were contaminated; there was no difference in the rate of contamination between the intervention and control groupsInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(11):1411–1413
Why should we correct reported pulsation frequencies for stellar line-of-sight Doppler velocity shifts?
Authors: Davies G. R. , Handberg R. , Miglio A. , Campante T. L. , Chaplin W. J. , Elsworth Y. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In the age of Kepler and CoRoT, extended observations have provided estimates of stellar pulsation frequencies that have achieved new levels of precision, regularly exceeding fractional levels of a few parts in 104. These high levels of precision now in principle exceed the point where one can ignore the Doppler shift of pulsation frequencies caused by the motion of a star relative to the observer. We present a correction for these Doppler shifts and use previously published pulsation frequencies to demonstrate the significance of the effect. We suggest that reported pulsation frequencies should be routinely corrected for stellar line-of-sight velocity Doppler shifts, or if a line-of-sight velocity estimate is not available, the frame of reference in which the frequencies are reported should be clearly stated.
The red supergiant and supernova rate problems: implications for core-collapse supernova physics
Authors: Horiuchi S. , Nakamura K. , Takiwaki T. , Kotake K. , Tanaka M. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Mapping supernovae to their progenitors is fundamental to understanding the collapse of massive stars. We investigate the red supergiant problem, which concerns why red supergiants with masses ∼16–30 M⊙ have not been identified as progenitors of Type IIP supernovae, and the supernova rate problem, which concerns why the observed cosmic supernova rate is smaller than the observed cosmic star formation rate. We find key physics to solving these in the compactness parameter, which characterizes the density structure of the progenitor. If massive stars with compactness above ξ2.5 ∼ 0.2 fail to produce canonical supernovae, (i) stars in the mass range 16–30 M⊙ populate an island of stars that have high ξ2.5 and do not produce canonical supernovae, and (ii) the fraction of such stars is consistent with the missing fraction of supernovae relative to star formation. We support this scenario with a series of two- and three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics core-collapse simulations. Using more than 300 progenitors covering initial masses 10.8–75 M⊙ and three initial metallicities, we show that high compactness is conducive to failed explosions. We then argue that a critical compactness of ∼0.2 as the divide between successful and failed explosions is consistent with state-of-the-art three-dimensional core-collapse simulations. Our study implies that numerical simulations of core collapse need not produce robust explosions in a significant fraction of compact massive star initial conditions.
On Modeling the Macroecology of Baleen Whale Migration
Authors: Watson James R. , Favetta Bruna , Stock Charles 
Published: September 2014

AbstractLong distance migrations are well known to occur in many baleen whale species. Yet, a global synthesis of this information is lacking. Here, we study baleen whales as a group and at a global scale, first analyzing the grey and peer-reviewed literature for information on the location of baleen whale calving and feeding grounds around the world. This information was then combined with modeled-data produced from an Earth System Model to estimate the global distribution of baleen whale calving and feeding habitats. A simple network theoretic heuristic was then used to identify the shortest over-water path connecting habitats. These shortest paths map well to known major migration routes for a number of species, suggesting that migration has evolved primarily to minimize travel distances. Identifying distance minimizing routes globally, that have demonstrable consistency to known migration routes for certain baleen whale species, offers a useful baseline perspective on large-scale migration patterns, from which many perturbations can by judged. As an example, we used our modeled migration routes to identify regions of the ocean that are likely hotspots of whale ship-strikes. Such information is useful for developing global conservation and management priorities for baleen whales.
Injection pressure and velocity of impact-driven liquid jets
Authors: Seehanam Wirapan , Pianthong Kulachate , Sittiwong Wuttichai , Milton Brian 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe a procedure to simulate impact-driven liquid jets by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The proposed CFD model is used to investigate nozzle flow behavior under ultra-high injection pressure and jet velocities generated by the impact driven method (IDM).

Design/methodology/approach
– A CFD technique was employed to simulate the jet generation process. The injection process was simulated by using a two-phase flow mixture model, while the projectile motion was modeled the moving mesh technique. CFD results were compared with experimental results from jets generated by the IDM.

Findings
– The paper provides a procedure to simulate impact-driven liquid jets by CFD. The validation shows reasonable agreement to previous experimental results. The pressure fluctuations inside the nozzle cavity strongly affect the liquid jet formation. The average jet velocity and the injection pressure depends mainly on the impact momentum and the volume of liquid in the nozzle, while the nozzle flow behavior (pressure fluctuation) depends mainly on the liquid volume and the impact velocity.

Research limitations/implications
– Results may slightly deviate from the actual phenomena due to two assumptions which are the liquid compressibility depends only on the rate of change of pressure respected to the liquid volume and the super cavitation process in the generation process is not taken into account.

Practical implications
– Results from this study will be useful for further designs of the nozzle and impact conditions for applications of jet cutting, jet penetration, needle free injection, or any related areas.

Originality/value
– This study presents the first success of employing a commercial code with additional user defined function to calculate the complex phenomena in the nozzle flow and jet injection generated by the IDM.
Numerical investigation of magnetic field inclination angle on transient natural convection in an enclosure filled with nanofluid
Authors: Kharati Koopaee Masoud , Jelodari Iman 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The objective of present research is to characterize the unsteady thermal behavior of a square enclosure filled with water-Al2O3 nanofluids in the presence of oriented magnetic fields. The purpose this paper is to study the effect of pertinent parameters on the transient natural convection in the enclosure.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this research, an in-house implicit finite volume code based on the SIMPLE algorithm is utilized for numerical calculations. To ensure the accuracy of results, comparisons are also made with previous works in literature. In this study, a constant strength magnetic field is concerned and for Rayleigh numbers of Ra=103, 104 and 105 the effect of magnetic field orientation with respect to the case of zero inclination on the thermal performance of cavity is investigated at Hartmann number range of Ha=15-90. In the present work, the nano-particle volume fractions range from φ=0-0.06.

Findings
– Results show that when Rayleigh number is Ra=103, the inclination angle, solid particles and Hartmann number has no effect on the transient behavior. It is shown that during the time advancement to steady condition, the heat transfer rate relative to zero inclination angle, may reach to a maximum value. This relative maximum heat transfer increases as the inclination angle increases and decreases as the solid volume fraction increases. The effect of increase in Hartmann number is to decrease this maximum value at Rayleigh number of Ra=104 and at Rayleigh number of Ra=105, depending on the Hartmann number, this value may increase or decrease. It is also found that an increase in Hartmann number leads to delay the appearance of the relative maximum value of heat transfer. Results show that this maximum value is of more significance at zero solid volume fraction when inclination angle is 90 degrees and Hartmann number is Ha=60.

Originality/value
– Limited works could be found in the literature regarding the idea of using nanofluids as the working fluid in an enclosure in the presence of magnetic field. In these works, the steady state thermal behavior of enclosures subjected to fixed magnetic fields is concerned. In the present work, the unsteady thermal behavior is concerned and the effect of magnetic field orientation angles on transient heat transfer performance of the enclosure at different Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers and solid volume fractions is explored.
Incubator policy to support entrepreneurial development, technology transfer and commercialization
Authors: Wonglimpiyarat Jarunee 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study the incubator policy to support entrepreneurial development. In particular, the study reviews the incubation programs and strategies of technology transfer and commercialization as well as the innovation policies to support innovation commercialization in Thailand, based on the Triple Helix model.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study employs the use of case study methodology to understand in-depth the operations of major university business incubators (UBIs) and technology business incubators in enhancing the process of technology commercialization. The study examines case studies of leading UBIs (Mahidol University, Chulalongkorn University and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi) and science and technology incubators of the National Science and Technology Agency (NSTDA) and the National Innovation Agency (NIA). The operations and incubating policies are analyzed through the lens of Triple Helix model. The interviews were carried out using the semi-structured questionnaire to understand the views of trilateral parties (the government, university and industry) related to the concept of Triple Helix model. The interviews were carried out with major stakeholders including policy makers, policy analysts, government officials, managers running incubators, incubates, university professors, research managers. Interview data were supported by an examination of secondary data so as to provide a cross check on internal validity.

Findings
– The results have shown that the incubation program is one of the major policy mechanisms to support innovation and suggested that UBIs should act as an intermediary between the spheres of university and industry to provide interactive linkages and promote effective utilization of university research. The empirical study provides insightful implications on the move toward the entrepreneurial university and the dynamics of the Triple Helix system in stimulating innovation development and diffusion.

Originality/value
– By focussing on the major UBIs and technology business incubators in one of the Asian Tigers – Thailand, the study offers the model of university technology commercialization which could be applied to other developing economies. The study provides useful lessons and insights on the process of technology transfer and commercialization through the university incubation mechanism (university technology commercialization).