bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Recent Clastic Sediments from Lower Godavari River: Implications of Source Rock Weathering
Authors: Vuba Shilpa , Farnaaz Sadia , Sagar Netramani , Ahmad S. Masood 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:
The major, trace and rare earth elements geochemistry and clay mineral compositions in the river bed sediments from lower reaches of Godavari river suggest that they are derived from weathering of felsic rocks. Trace and rare earth elemental compositions indicate evidence of sedimentary sorting during transportation and deposition. Lower concentrations of transition elements, such as V, Ni and Cr imply enrichment of felsic minerals in these bed sediments. The REE pattern in lower Godavari sediments is influenced by the degree of source rock weathering. The light rare earth elements (LREE) content are indicating greater fractionation compared to the heavy rare earth elements (HREE). A striking relationship is observed between TiO2 and ΣREE content suggesting a strong control by LREE-enriched titaniferous minerals on REE chemistry. Shale-normalized REE pattern demonstrate a positive Eu anomaly, suggesting weathering of feldspar and their secondary products, which are enriched in Eu. Chondrite-normalised REE pattern is characteristic of felsic volcanic, granites and gnessic source rocks. Trace elemental compositions in sediments located near urban areas suggest influence of anthropogenic activity. Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) is high (avg. 65.76), suggesting a moderate chemical weathering environment. X-ray diffraction analysis of clay fraction shows predominance of clay minerals that are formed because of the chemical weathering of felsic rocks.
Palynology, Palaeoecology and Palaeodepositional Environment of Eocene Lignites and Associated Sediments from Matanomadh Mine, Kutch Basin, Western India
Authors: Mathews Runcie P. , Tripathi Suryakant M. , Banerjee Santanu , Dutta Suryendu 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:
Extensive Cenozoic lignite-bearing sediments in the western part of Kutch, western India provide a unique opportunity to study the floral diversity at a crucial time of early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO). Rock samples representing a lignite-bearing sequence from the open cast mine at Matanomadh, Gujarat, western India were collected to study the palynofloral composition and to interpret the palaeoclimate and environment of deposition. The sequence mainly composed of lignites, shales and calcareous mudstones yielded rich assemblage consists of pteridophytic spores (7 genera, 10 species), angiosperm pollens (20 genera, 26 species), fungal remains (14 genera, 16 species) and dinoflagellate cysts. The palynofloral assemblage is marked with dominance of angiospermic pollen, particularly those having affinity with the family Arecaceae. Occurrence of fungal remains in high abundance is also noticed. Based on palynomorph contents, the studied sequence is divisible into two palynozones. It is inferred that lower part of the sequences was deposited in a near-shore environment with intermittent marine incursions whereas the depositional regime of upper part was shallow marine. The climate is found to be tropical-subtropical, humid with heavy precipitation during the deposition of Matanomadh lignite-bearing sequence.
GIS Based Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using a Fuzzy Logic Approach: A Case Study from Ghurmi-Dhad Khola Area, Eastern Nepal
Authors: Kayastha Prabin , Bijukchhen Subeg Man , Dhital Megh Raj , Smedt Florimond De 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:
Landslides cause extensive loss of life and property in the Nepal Himalaya. Since the late 1980s, different mathematical models have been developed and applied for landslide susceptibility mapping and hazard assessment in Nepal. The main goal of this paper is to apply fuzzy logic to landslide susceptibility mapping in the Ghurmi-Dhad Khola area, Eastern Nepal. Seven causative factors are considered: slope angle, slope aspect, distance from drainage, land use, geology, distance from faults and folds, soil and rock type. Likelihood ratios are obtained for each class of causative factors by comparison with past landslide occurrences. The ratios are normalized between zero and one to obtain fuzzy membership values. Further, different fuzzy operators are applied to generate landslide susceptibility maps. Comparison with the landslide inventory map reveals that the fuzzy gamma operator with a γ-value of 0.60 yields the best prediction accuracy. Consequently, this operator is used to produce the final landslide susceptibility zonation map.
Delineation Using Geophysical Data of the Hydrocarbon Bearing Zone in the Begumganj Structure, Hatia Trough, Southern Bengal Basin, Bangladesh
Authors: Abdullah Rashed , Hossain Delwar , Alam M. Rafiqul 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:
The Begumganj structure of the Hatia Trough in Bengal Basin has proved it’s hydrocarbon potentiality. Several seismic sections have been analyzed to construct different maps and to interpret subsurface geology, structure and stratigraphy. These maps reveal that the Begumganj structure is an elongated to oval shaped asymmetrical anticline having the general trend NNW-SSE. No major faults affecting the structure could have been identified. Most of the reflectors are strongly affected by channels, especially at the western flank. Based on the analysis of seismic and available well data, the only gas bearing strata at depth of 2995 m (or TWT 2.02 seconds) has been identified. The structure is interpreted as a strati-structure entrapment because shale fill channel truncated this layer on western flank and at the crestal part of the anticline. The structure probably formed after the deposition of sediments. The channel has formed after the corresponding unit cut has been deposited. The channels eroding the reservoir unit range from Late Miocene to Early Pliocene age where the anticline probably begun to form during the Pliocene. Strong increase in amplitude (bright spot), possibly associated with hydrocarbon, has been apparent on seismic lines BG 9 and BG 10. The stratigraphic succession based on the information of the wells drilled on this structure and it’s surrounding fields reveals that the lithological sequences range from Miocene to Recent age where the only proven gas producing sand zone is located in the Bhuban Formation.
Genetic Mechanism and Failure Process of the Mogangling Seismic Landslide
Authors: Junfeng Wu , Yunsheng Wang , Simeng Dong , Yun Chen , Lei Wang 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:
This paper presents a case study on the Mogangling landslide and its characteristics and geological mechanism. The Mogangling landslide is a giant rock landslide located at the intersection of Dadu river and Moxi river. It is a landslide triggered by an earthquake with large magnitude that occurred in 18th century. Based on detailed site investigation, it shows the Mogangling landslide developed in the Kangding complex strata, composed of completely decomposed aggregates of massive-block stone, debris and soil with some gravels, pebbles and sand layer found distributed in front of the landslide. The control factor of the deformation of this landslide is the combined effect of Detuo fault which is located under the slope, and the regional stress formed along structural planes as well as the free surfaces formed by river cutting. Therefore, when the Kangding-Moxi earthquake (Ms =7.7) occurred on 1st June, 1786, due to seismic shaking, topographic amplification effects and back slope effects, the Mogangling landslide occurred. The Dadu River is the most important river for hydropower development in China; large-scale seismic landslides along the Dadu River are the most important geological issue during the construction of hydropower stations. Therefore, this research is important from the point of view of economic and social benefits.
Seismotectonics and Seismicity of the Silakhor Region, Iran
Authors: Ramazi Hamidreza , Firoozi Azizzadeh , Aenollah  
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This paper deals with seismotectonic and seismicity of the Silakhor region that shows high seismic activity in western Iran. Silakhor is a vast plain with several villages and cities of Dorud and Borujerd and a small town of Chalanchulan that were destroyed and/or damaged many times by large earthquakes. This paper addresses the historical and instrumental earthquakes and their causative faults, seismotectonic provinces and seismotectonic zones of the region. Available seismic data were normalized by means of time normalization technique that resulted in the magnitude-frequency relation for the Silakhor area and estimation of the return period of earthquakes with different magnitudes. Some active faults in this region include the Dorud fault, the main Zagros thrust, the Galehhatam fault, the Sahneh fault and others. Among them, the Dorud fault is an earthquake fault and is the cause for most of the large and intermediate earthquakes in the region. The return period of large earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 7.0 (Ms) is very low, however, the occurrence of destructive earthquakes is greater in the region than in the neighboring provinces. The study proves the high seismicity of this zone and it is required to develop an accurate national plan for future building and reinforcement of the existing buildings in this region.
Geoelectrical Resistivity Survey for the Evaluation of Hydrogeological Condition of Bagerhat Sadar and the Adjacent Areas, Bangladesh
Authors: Imam MD. Hasan , Hossain Delwar , Ullah A.S.M. Woobaid 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This study has been conducted to find out the aquifer characteristics of Bagerhat Sadar and adjacent areas in Bangladesh using geoelectrical resistivity method and borehole logs. The interpretation of resistivity soundings (14 nos.) shows that the sub-surface lithological sequence can be divided into four geoelectric units. The deepest geoelectric unit (with resistivity from 8 Ohm-m to 18 Ohm-m) represents the deep aquifer with usually fresh water. Resistivity values of 12 ?m or more for this unit may indicate formation water as acceptable for coastal people. In the study area, the shallow aquifer inferred is not suitable for groundwater development.
Solid State 13C-NMR Spectroscopy of some Oligocene Coals of Assam and Nagaland
Authors: Saikia Binoy K. , Sharma Arpita , Khound Kakoli , Baruah Bimala P. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Five representative sub-bituminous coals from NE part of India have been analyzed with respect to their distribution of carbon functional groups through 13C solid state NMR experiments. The 13C Cross Polarised/Magic Angle Spinning NMR spectra of the coal samples were recorded at temperatures of 23°C, 50°C and 70°C respectively and the changes on their structures were interpreted. The NMR spectra of low rank coals were found to exhibit varying degrees of fine structures. The aromaticities of the coal were also determined from the C/H ratios of coal. Some changes in the peak positions along with the formation of simple aromatic units were observed on mild heating.
Satiation from sensory simulation: Evaluating foods decreases enjoyment of similar foods
Authors: Larson Jeffrey S. , Redden Joseph P. , Elder Ryan S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe demonstrate in two studies that people get more satiated on a food after repeatedly rating or choosing among similar foods shown in pictures. Repeated evaluations of food apparently have an effect similar to actual consumption—decreased enjoyment of foods that share a similar taste characteristic (i.e., sensory‐specific satiety). We provide mediation evidence to show that satiation manifests because considering a food engenders spontaneous simulations of the taste of that food item, which by itself is enough to produce satiation. These findings establish sensory simulations as an important mechanism underlying satiation, and provide behavioral evidence that simple evaluations can produce sensory‐specific satiety.
Monophasic action potential duration alternans after abrupt shortening of the cardiac cycle in humans
Authors: Sonoda Kazumasa , Watanabe Ichiro , Okumura Yasuo , Sasaki Naoko , Kogawa Rikitake , Takahashi Keiko , Mano Hiroaki , Kofune Masayoshi , Ohkubo Kimie , Nakai Toshiko , Kunimoto Satoshi , Hirayama Atsushi 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundAction potential alternans may be important in causing ventricular arrhythmias.Methods and resultsWe recorded monophasic action potentials from the right ventricular endocardium in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation who underwent internal atrial defibrillation during rapid ventricular pacing. In 3 of 45 patients, monophasic action potential duration alternans was observed at a pacing cycle length ≤350 ms.ConclusionAction potential alternans is not a rare phenomenon (6.6%) in humans.
Beyond MADIT
Authors: Deeprasertkul Peerawut , Sharma Amit B. , Ip John 
Published: September 2013

AbstractSudden cardiac death remains the global burden. The most common associated arrhythmia is ventricular fibrillation. From current guidelines, defibrillation is the most critical step to rescue the cardiac arrest victims. Internal defibrillators were invented for prompt treating the ventricular arrhythmia. The MADIT trial the benchmark randomized controlled trial that demonstrated the efficacy of defibrillators for sudden death protection and not only that MADIT‐RIT which addresses the issue of inappropriate therapy with ICD and MADIT‐CRT which highlights the importance of biventricular pacing in patients with cardiomyopathy with mild heart failure symptoms. Hereby, we review the articles the MADIT trials.
Brain activation for response inhibition under gaming cue distraction in internet gaming disorder
Authors: Liu Gin‐Chung , Yen Ju‐Yu , Chen Chiao‐Yun , Yen Cheng‐Fang , Chen Cheng‐Sheng , Lin Wei‐Chen , Ko Chih‐Hung 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe evaluated neural substrates related to the loss of control in college students with internet gaming disorder (IGD). We hypothesized that deficit in response inhibition under gaming cue distraction was the possible mechanism for the loss of control internet use. Eleven cases of IGD and 11 controls performed Go/NoGo tasks with/without gaming distraction in the functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. When the gaming picture was shown as background while individuals were performing Go/NoGo tasks, the IGD group committed more commission errors. The control group increased their brain activations more over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and superior parietal lobe under gaming cue distraction in comparison with the IGD group. Furthermore, brain activation of the right DLPFC and superior parietal lobe were negatively associated with performance of response inhibition among the IGD group. The results suggest that the function of response inhibition was impaired under gaming distraction among the IGD group, and individuals with IGD could not activate right DLPFC and superior parietal lobe to keep cognitive control and attention allocation for response inhibition under gaming cue distraction. This mechanism should be addressed in any intervention for IGD.
The Effect of Walking With Poles on the Distribution of Plantar Pressures in Normal Subjects
Authors: Hudson David 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundElevated pressures on the plantar surface of the foot increases the potential of developing foot ulcers in patients who are at risk. Walking with poles has been shown to reduce ground reaction and joint forces; however, the effect on plantar pressures is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of walking with poles on reducing plantar pressure on the foot after brief instructions and 1 week of self‐guided practice. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant reduction in pressure in the foot when walking with poles.DesignThis was a nonblinded, randomized, crossover study.SettingThis study took place in a motion analysis laboratory located at an academic institution.MethodsThirty‐five healthy subjects were instructed on 2 gait patterns when using walking poles. When walking with the 2‐point pattern, the subjects placed the poles of the opposite side with the foot in stance. The 3‐point pattern required the subjects to place both poles with the right foot. After 1 week of unsupervised practice, plantar pressures under the metatarsal heads and hallux of the right foot were measured by using a pedobarograph mat while walking with and without the poles.Main Outcome MeasurementsMean plantar pressures and impulses were recorded from 5 trials for each walking condition: no poles, 2‐point, and 3‐point styles.ResultsWalking with the poles resulted in significant reductions (P ≤ .01) in mean and impulse of pressure under the metatarsal heads region of up to 24%; no significant changes were seen under the heel or hallux. The 3‐point style resulted in a significantly greater reduction of pressure compared with the 2‐point style (P = .002) in the metatarsal region but not the hallux.ConclusionsWalking with poles was easy to learn and may be a useful part of the management of persons at risk for developing plantar foot ulcers.
Narrative, vocal staging and masculinity in the ‘Outlaw’ country music of Waylon Jennings
Authors: Stimeling Travis D. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractEmerging in the early 1970s, the work of Outlaw country artists might be heard as exploring a crisis of masculinity resulting from developments in the women's liberation movement. Building on recent research in recorded sound studies, this essay explores how the vocal staging practices deployed in Outlaw country recordings offer a unique musical exploration of the duality of the outlaw's masculinity. Using case studies drawn from Waylon Jennings' Outlaw-era recordings, this article examines how Jennings, working with co-producers ‘Cowboy’ Jack Clement, Chips Moman and Willie Nelson, among others, deployed vocal staging practices in conjunction with other musical practices to construct narratives that reveal the ‘outlaw’ character's psychological turmoil and reflect the complicated state of working-class American masculinity in the age of women's liberation.
Can Jews Become Farmers? Rurality, Peasantry and Cultural Identity in the World of the Rural Jew in Nineteenth-Century Eastern Europe
Authors: ZALKIN MORDECHAI 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:Based on conventional learning and supported in no small measure by stereotypes, agriculture as a vocation was not considered as part of the occupational profile of Jewish society in Eastern Europe until the Second World War. However, various studies show that in different regions in this area, primarily Lithuania, White Russia, north eastern Poland, and Bessarabia, tens of thousands of Jews made a living from direct engagement in various branches of agriculture, including field crops, orchards, lake fishing, etc. These Jews lived mainly in the rural areas and were a factor, and at times a highly significant one, in the local demographic and economic structure. The first part of this article examines the question whether these Jews, who were part of the general rural society living in the countryside, developed a certain type of rural cultural identity. This question is discussed by examining various aspects of their attitude towards nature. The second part of the article considers the possible influence of the agricultural occupation on the shaping of a unique peasant cultural identity among these rural Jews and the ways they coped with the accompanying religious, social and cultural implications.
Analysis and feedback of erroneous Arabic verbs
Authors: SHAALAN KHALED , MAGDY MARWA , FAHMY ALY 
Published: September 2013

AbstractArabic language is strongly structured and considered as one of the most highly inflected and derivational languages. Learning Arabic morphology is a basic step for language learners to develop language skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Arabic morphology is non-concatenative and provides the ability to attach a large number of affixes to each root or stem that makes combinatorial increment of possible inflected words. As such, Arabic lexical (morphological and phonological) rules may be confusing for second language learners. Our study indicates that research and development endeavors on spelling, and checking of grammatical errors does not provide adequate interpretations to second language learners’ errors. In this paper we address issues related to error diagnosis and feedback for second language learners of Arabic verbs and how they impact the development of a web-based intelligent language tutoring system. The major aim is to develop an Arabic intelligent language tutoring system that solves these issues and helps second language learners to improve their linguistic knowledge. Learners are encouraged to produce input freely in various situations and contexts, and are guided to recognize by themselves the erroneous functions of their misused expressions. Moreover, we proposed a framework that allows for the individualization of the learning process and provides the intelligent feedback that conforms to the learner's expertise for each class of error. Error diagnosis is not possible with current Arabic morphological analyzers. So constraint relaxation and edit distance techniques are successfully employed to provide error-specific diagnosis and adaptive feedback to learners. We demonstrated the capabilities of these techniques in diagnosing errors related to Arabic weak verbs formed using complex morphological rules. As a proof of concept, we have implemented the components that diagnose learner's errors and generate feedback which have been effectively evaluated against test data acquired from real teaching environment. The experimental results were satisfactory, and the performance achieved was 74.34 percent in terms of recall rate.
Influence of weaning timing advice and associated weaning behaviours in a survey of black and minority ethnic groups in the UK
Authors: Moore Amanda P , Nanthagopan Kristina , Hammond Grace , Milligan Peter , Goff Louise M 
Published: September 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo assess understanding of the Department of Health weaning guidelines and weaning influences in a self-selected sample of black and minority ethnic (BME) parents, residing in London.DesignA face-to-face, questionnaire-facilitated survey among Black African, Black Caribbean and South Asian parents.SettingAn opportunistic sample of parents was recruited from Sure Start centres, churches and play groups across key London boroughs.SubjectsThree hundred and forty-nine interviews were included; 107 Black African, fifty-four Black Caribbean, 120 South Asian and sixty-four of Black mixed-race ethnicity.ResultsFifty-two per cent of Black and 66 % of South Asian parents had accurate understanding of the guidelines. Inaccurate knowledge of the guidelines was associated with weaning before 17 weeks (P < 0·001); 36 % of Black Africans and 31 % of Black Caribbeans were weaned before 4 months compared with 16 % of South Asians. All BME groups were most influenced by weaning information from the previous generations of mothers in their families, which was associated with earlier weaning (21·5 (sd 6·5) v. 24·1 (sd 4·2) weeks; F(2,328) = 5·79, P = 0·003), and less so by professional infant feeding advice, which was associated with a later weaning age (23·7 (sd 5·1) v. 20·7 (sd 5·7) weeks; F(1,344) = 34·7, P < 0·001).ConclusionsLack of awareness of the Department of Health weaning guidelines is common among these BME populations, whose weaning behaviour is strongly influenced by informal advice. Further research is necessary to elucidate the influences on weaning in these populations and to facilitate the development of infant feeding support which is salient for BME groups in the UK.