bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes following pharyngolaryngectomy with fasciocutaneous free flap reconstruction and salivary bypass tube
Authors: López Fernando , Obeso Sergio , Camporro Daniel , Fueyo Ángel , Suárez Carlos , Llorente José L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Reconstruction of the pharyngoesophageal defects is one of the most challenging for head and neck surgeons. We evaluated our experience in the hypopharyngeal reconstruction using a fasciocutaneous free flap in conjunction with a Montgomery salivary bypass tube (MSBT).Study design:Retrospective review.Methods:The charts of 55 patients who had undergone hypopharynx reconstruction using either a radial forearm free flap (RFFF) (24) or an anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap (31) with MSBT were reviewed. There were 40 circumferential and 15 near‐circumferential defects. Outcomes analyzed included fistula and stricture rates and swallowing function.Results:Pharyngocutaneous fistula occurred in 9% of patients (16% using RFFF and 3% using ALT), and strictures occurred in 5% (8% using RFFF and 3% using ALT). Of patients reconstructed with this technique, 95% were able to resume oral alimentation.Conclusions:The use of fasciocutaneous free flaps in conjunction with the MSBT is a useful tool for pharyngoesophageal reconstruction. Laryngoscope, 2013
Outcome of per oral wide excision of T1‐2 N0 localized squamous cell cancer of the buccal mucosa—analysis of 156 cases
Authors: Hakeem Arsheed H. , Pradhan Sultan A. , Tubachi Jagadish , Kannan Rajan 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The purpose of the study was to study the outcomes of per oral wide excision of early T1‐2 N0 squamous cell cancer of buccal mucosa.Methods:This is a retrospective study of early and localized squamous cell cancer of the buccal mucosa treated with peroral wide excision at a tertiary‐care hospital.Results:A total of 156 patients were analyzed. One hundred ten patients (70.5%) had no recurrence, whereas 15 (9.6%) had a local recurrence, 24 (15.4%) had regional metastasis, three (1.9%) had locoregional recurrence, and four (2.6%) developed second primary tumors over a median follow‐up of 48 months. Most patients with local recurrences (14 patients, 93.3%) and regional metastases (24 patients, 100%) could be salvaged with treatment. In contrast, all three cases with locoregional could not be salvaged. Most of the cases with recurrences, 36 (78%) in this study group, occurred within 2 years of primary treatment. Out of 143 cases with a habit of tobacco/beetel quid chewing, premalignancy was seen in 62 (43.4%) cases, showing a statistically significant association with P‐value of 0.012. Fifteen (21.4%) cases with stage T2 developed regional neck nodes, while only 9 (10.5%) cases with stage T1 developed regional neck nodes with P‐value of 0.032. Three‐year overall survival rate and disease‐free survival rates were 91.7% and 70.5%, respectively.Conclusions:Peroral wide excision seems to be an adequate procedure for T1‐2N0 localized squamous cancer of buccal mucosa. Prophylactic selective neck dissection should be considered in only T2 N0 cases as only T stage of the disease could be significantly correlated with the development of the metastatic neck nodes. Laryngoscope, 2013
Side‐Chain Modification and “Grafting Onto” via Olefin Cross‐Metathesis
Authors: de Espinosa Lucas Montero , Kempe Kristian , Schubert Ulrich S. , Hoogenboom Richard , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractOlefin cross‐metathesis is introduced as a versatile polymer side‐chain modification technique. The reaction of a poly(2‐oxazoline) featuring terminal double bonds in the side chains with a variety of functional acrylates has been successfully performed in the presence of Hoveyda–Grubbs second‐generation catalyst. Self‐metathesis, which would lead to polymer–polymer coupling, can be avoided by using an excess of the cross‐metathesis partner and a catalyst loading of 5 mol%. The results suggest that bulky acrylates reduce chain–chain coupling due to self‐metathesis. Moreover, different functional groups such as alkyl chains, hydroxyl, and allyl acetate groups, as well as an oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol) and a perfluorinated alkyl chain have been grafted with quantitative conversions.
Fluor als Abgangsgruppe in der organischen Synthese?
Authors: Wegner Hermann A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractOrganofluorverbindungen gehören unter anderem wegen ihrer hohen C‐F‐Bindungsenergie zu den chemisch inerten Moleküle. Wird jedoch eine energetisch günstigere Alternative angeboten, kann auch Fluor als Abgangsgruppe agieren.
Eigenes Unternehmen
Authors: Haug Peter 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDie Lücke zwischen Forschung und Anwendung bietet Chancen für technologieorientierte Unternehmensgründungen aus Universitäten und Forschungseinrichtungen. Founding Angels unterstützen Gründer beim Aufbau eines Start‐ups mit Industrieerfahrung und Kontakten.
Prediction of the rate of decline in fetal hemoglobin levels between first and second transfusions in red cell alloimmune disease
Authors: Nishie Estela Naomi , Liao Adolfo Wenjaw , de Loudes Brizot Maria , Assunção Renata A. , Zugaib Marcelo 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine variables that predict the rate of decline in fetal hemoglobin levels in alloimmune disease.MethodRetrospective review of singleton pregnancies that underwent first and second intrauterine transfusions for treatment of fetal anemia because of maternal Rh alloimmunization in a tertiary referral center.ResultsForty‐one first intrauterine transfusions were performed at 26.1 weeks (standard deviation, SD, 4.6), mean volume of blood transfused was 44.4 mL (SD 23.5) and estimated feto‐placental volume expansion was 51.3% (SD 14.5%). Between first and second transfusion, hemoglobin levels reduced on average 0.40 g/dl/day (SD 0.25). Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that this rate significantly correlated with hemoglobin levels after the first transfusion, the interval between both procedures, and middle cerebral artery systolic velocity before the second transfusion.ConclusionThe rate of decline in fetal hemoglobin levels between first and second transfusions in alloimmune disease can be predicted by a combination of hemoglobin levels after the first transfusion, interval between both procedures, and middle cerebral artery systolic velocity before the second transfusion. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FISH RECRUITMENT IS INFLUENCED BY RIVER FLOWS AND FLOODPLAIN INUNDATION AT APALACHICOLA RIVER, FLORIDA
Authors: Dutterer A. C. , Mesing C. , Cailteux R. , Allen M. S. , Pine W. E. , Strickland P. A. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTHigh human demand for limited water resources often results in water allocation trade‐offs between human needs and natural flow regimes. Therefore, knowledge of ecosystem function in response to varying streamflow conditions is necessary for informing water allocation decisions. Our objective was to evaluate relationships between river flow and fish recruitment and growth patterns at the Apalachicola River, Florida, a regulated river, during 2003–2010. To test relationships of fish recruitment and growth as responses to river discharge, we used linear regression of (i) empirical catch in fall, (ii) back‐calculated catch, via cohort‐specific catch curves, and (iii) mean total length in fall of age 0 largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, redear sunfish Lepomis microlophus and spotted sucker Minytrema melanops against spring–summer discharge measures in Apalachicola River. Empirical catch rates in fall for all three species showed positive and significant relationships to river discharge that sustained floodplain inundation during spring–summer. Back‐calculated catch at age 0 for the same species showed positive relationships to discharge measures, but possibly because of low sample sizes (n = 4–6), these linear regressions were not statistically significant. Mean total length for age 0 largemouth bass in fall showed a positive and significant relationship to spring–summer discharge; however, size in fall for age 0 redear sunfish and spotted sucker showed no relation to spring–summer discharge. Our results showed clear linkages among river discharge, floodplain inundation and fish recruitment, and they have implications for water management and allocation in the Apalachicola River basin. Managed flow regimes that reduce the frequency and duration of floodplain inundation during spring–summer will likely reduce stream fish recruitment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Betontechnik für Grouted Joints
Authors: Lohaus Ludger , Lindschulte Nick , Scholle Niklas , Werner Michael 
Published: September 2012

AbstractGrouted Joints haben sich für kraftschlüssige Verbindungen zwischen Gründungspfählen und der Tragstruktur von Offshore‐Windenergie‐Anlagen (OWEA) etabliert. Für die Herstellung werden hochfeste Vergussmörtel oder ‐betone eingesetzt, die unter den spezifischen Bedingungen offshore zu verarbeiten sind. In diesem Beitrag werden baustoffliche und bauausführungstechnische Fragen diskutiert. Neben den Anforderungen an das Material im frischen und im erhärteten Zustand wird auf die Verwendung von Stahlfasern vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Wirksamkeit und ihrer Verarbeitungsrisiken eingegangen. Darüber hinaus wird die Bauteiltragwirkung unter Berücksichtigung einer Stützwirkung der umgebenden Stahlelemente und einer Stahlfaserwirkung anhand von durchgeführten Versuchen dargestellt.Concrete technology for grouted joints – requirements for building materials and execution techniques. Grouted Joints present force‐fitted connections between foundation pile and support structure of offshore wind turbines. High strength mortar or concrete (grout) are used and have to be executed under special offshore conditions. This article considers special items for building materials and the offshore execution of grouted joints. Requirements of the fresh and hardened properties of grout materials will be elucidated and the use of steel fibres due to opportunities and risks will be discussed. Furthermore the load bearing behaviour of the component structure will be presented by performed tests. The confinement effect of the tube‐in‐tube‐construction as well as the implication of steel fibers has been taken into account.
Patterns of fecal hormones in a fenced population of white‐tailed deer
Authors: Mccoy J. Clint , Ditchkoff Stephen S. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAnalysis of voided feces has become a popular method of monitoring physiological parameters of many wildlife species. During the breeding seasons of 2006–2007 and 2007–2008, we collected fecal samples to determine concentrations of fecal glucocorticoid (FG) and fecal testosterone (FT) metabolites in a fenced population of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). The purpose of the study was to determine how concentrations of FG and FT metabolites fluctuated throughout the breeding season, whether there was a difference between males and females, and whether there was a relationship between the two hormones. FG and FT metabolites of males peaked during the rut, while female glucocorticoid levels remained relatively stable throughout the breeding season. We also observed a significant positive correlation between FG and FT metabolites. During the pre‐rut and rut, males that exhibit high testosterone also had elevated glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations, but in the post‐rut there was no relationship between FT and FG concentrations. We hypothesize that the effect of testosterone on glucocorticoid secretion is partially a result of testosterone‐induced behavior, and not strictly a physiological link between the two hormones. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Higher-derivative scalar-vector-tensor theories: black holes, Galileons, singularity cloaking and holography
Authors: Charmousis C. , Goutéraux B. , Kiritsis E. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe consider a general Kaluza-Klein reduction of a truncated Lovelock theory. We find necessary geometric conditions for the reduction to be consistent. The resulting lower-dimensional theory is a higher derivative scalar-tensor theory, depends on a single real parameter and yields second-order field equations. Due to the presence of higher-derivative terms, the theory has multiple applications in modifications of Einstein gravity (Galileon/Horndesky theory) and holography (Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton theories). We find and analyze charged black hole solutions with planar or curved horizons, both in the ‘Einstein’ and ‘Galileon’ frame, with or without cosmological constant. Naked singularities are dressed by a geometric event horizon originating from the higher-derivative terms. The near-horizon region of the near-extremal black hole is unaffected by the presence of the higher derivatives, whether scale invariant or hyperscaling violating. In the latter case, the area law for the entanglement entropy is violated logarithmically, as expected in the presence of a Fermi surface. For negative cosmological constant and planar horizons, thermodynamics and first-order hydrodynamics are derived: the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio does not depend on temperature, as expected from the higher-dimensional scale invariance.
Microhabitat selection when detection is imperfect: the case of an endemic Atlantic forest mammal
Authors: Kajin Maja , Grelle Carlos Eduardo Viveiros 
Published: September 2012

AbstractStudies on habitat selection based on the presence and absence of individuals still rarely include the uncertainty of absence. With it, one can model the probability of detection, which is a parameter of interest especially when dealing with species where non‐detection is common. Here, we performed an analysis of microhabitat selection of a New World marsupial (Marmosa paraguayana, Tate 1931)—an arboreal species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic forest—accounting for false absence. We found empirical evidence supporting one of our hypotheses: the angle of the terrain's inclination at a site positively affects detection probability. This is probably due to the fact that, at an inclined site, the area available to the animals tends to be larger and the probability of detection of M. paraguayana would be higher, due either to greater local abundance or increased frequency of moving. The probability of resource use was heterogeneous, or rather, not constant in space, but constant in time. We found weak evidence for the correlation between the canopy volume and the probability of resource use. However, we observed a tendency in the estimates of site‐specific probability of resource use: the highest values of the probability of resource use appeared in the upper part of the study grid, where the canopies were denser as well as more closed. Thus, this specie's probability of resource use possibly diminishes in habitats such as early secondary forest with tiny canopies.
Absence of robust rigidity for circle maps with breaks
Authors: Khanin Konstantin , Kocić Saša 
Published: September 2012

We give examples of analytic circle maps with singularities of break type with the same rotation number and the same size of the break for which no conjugacy is Lipschitz continuous. In the second part of the paper, we discuss a class of rotation numbers for which a conjugacy is

C^{1}

-smooth, although the numbers can be strongly non-Diophantine (Liouville). For the rotation numbers in this class, we construct examples of analytic circle maps with breaks, for which the conjugacy is not

C^{1 + \alpha }

smooth, for any

\alpha > 0

.

Résumé

Nous donnons des exemples dʼapplications du cercle analytiques avec des singularités de type rupture avec le même nombre de rotation et la même taille de rupture pour lesquelles aucune conjugaison nʼest lipschitzienne. Dans la deuxième partie de lʼarticle, nous étudions une classe de nombres de rotation pour lesquels il y a une conjugaison de classe

C^{1}

, alors même que les nombres de rotation peuvent être fortement non-diophantiens (Liouville). Pour les nombres de rotation de cette classe, nous construisons des exemples dʼapplications du cercle analytiques avec des singularités de type rupture, pour lesquelles la conjugaison nʼest de classe

C^{1 + \alpha }

pour aucun

\alpha > 0

.
Equidistribution of joinings under off-diagonal polynomial flows of nilpotent Lie groups
Authors: AUSTIN TIM 
Published: September 2012

AbstractLet$G$be a connected nilpotent Lie group. Given probability-preserving$G$-actions$(X_i,\Sigma _i,\mu _i,u_i)$,$i=0,1,\ldots ,k$, and also polynomial maps$\phi _i:\mathbb {R}\to G$,$i=1,\ldots ,k$, we consider the trajectory of a joining$\lambda $of the systems$(X_i,\Sigma _i,\mu _i,u_i)$under the ‘off-diagonal’ flow\[ (t,(x_0,x_1,x_2,\ldots ,x_k))\mapsto (x_0,u_1^{\phi _1(t)}x_1,u_2^{\phi _2(t)}x_2,\ldots ,u_k^{\phi _k(t)}x_k). \]It is proved that any joining$\lambda $is equidistributed under this flow with respect to some limit joining$\lambda '$. This is deduced from the stronger fact of norm convergence for a system of multiple ergodic averages, related to those arising in Furstenberg’s approach to the study of multiple recurrence. It is also shown that the limit joining$\lambda '$is invariant under the subgroup of$G^{k+1}$generated by the image of the off-diagonal flow, in addition to the diagonal subgroup.
Estimated intake of dietary phyto-oestrogens in Australian women and evaluation of correlates of phyto-oestrogen intake
Authors: Lahmann Petra H. , Hughes Maria Celia , Ibiebele Torukiri I. , Mulligan Angela A. , Kuhnle Gunter G. C. , Webb Penelope M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe role of dietary phyto-oestrogens in health has been of continued interest and debate, but data available on the distribution of intake in the Australian diet are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to estimate phyto-oestrogen consumption in Australian women, describe the pattern of intake and identify correlates of high phyto-oestrogen intake. Study participants were 2078 control women (18–79 years) from two population-based case–control studies on gynaecological cancers (2002–2007). Dietary information was obtained using a 135-item FFQ, and the intakes of isoflavones, lignans, enterolignans and coumestans, including their individual components, were estimated using a database of phyto-oestrogen content in food developed in the UK. Median total intake (energy-adjusted) of phyto-oestrogens was 1·29 mg/d, including 611 µg/d isoflavones, 639 µg/d lignans, 21 µg/d enterolignans and 8 µg/d coumestrol. Both isoflavone and lignan intakes were strongly skewed towards higher values and positively correlated with age. Women consumed on average two servings of soyabean foods/week. Compared to lower phyto-oestrogen consumers (≤1·29 mg/d, median split), higher phyto-oestrogen consumers (>1·29 mg/d) were slightly older, less likely to be smokers, had a higher educational and physical activity level, lower BMI, lower intake of dietary fat, and higher intake of fibre, selected micronutrients and soyabean foods (all P < 0·03). The daily intake of phyto-oestrogens in Australian women with predominantly Caucasian ethnicity is approximately 1 mg; this is similar to other Western populations, but considerably lower than that among Asian women. However, those with a relatively high phyto-oestrogen diet seem to have a healthier lifestyle and a more favourable dietary profile compared to others.
Dietary chia seed induced changes in hepatic transcription factors and their target lipogenic and oxidative enzyme activities in dyslipidaemic insulin-resistant rats
Authors: Rossi Andrea S. , Oliva Maria E. , Ferreira Maria R. , Chicco Adriana , Lombardo Yolanda B. 
Published: September 2012

The present study analyses the effect of dietary chia seed rich in n-3 α-linolenic acid on the mechanisms underlying dyslipidaemia and liver steatosis developed in rats fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD) for either 3 weeks or 5 months. The key hepatic enzyme activities such as fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) and fatty acid oxidase (FAO) involved in lipid metabolism and the protein mass levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and PPARα were studied. (1) For 3 weeks, Wistar rats were fed either a SRD with 11 % of maize oil (MO) as dietary fat or a SRD in which chia seed replaced MO (SRD+Chia). (2) A second group of rats were fed a SRD for 3 months. Afterwards, half the rats continued with the SRD while for the other half, MO was replaced by chia for 2 months (SRD+Chia). In a control group, maize starch replaced sucrose. Liver TAG and the aforementioned parameters were analysed in all groups. The replacement of MO by chia in the SRD prevented (3 weeks) or improved/normalised (5 months) increases in dyslipidaemia, liver TAG, FAS, ACC and G-6-PDH activities, and increased FAO and CPT-1 activities. Protein levels of PPARα increased, and the increased mature form of SREBP-1 protein levels in the SRD was normalised by chia in both protocols (1 and 2). The present study provides new data regarding some key mechanisms related to the fate of hepatic fatty acid metabolism that seem to be involved in the effect of dietary chia seed in preventing and normalising/improving dyslipidaemia and liver steatosis in an insulin-resistant rat model.
Inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide does not prevent the vitamin A and retinoic acid-induced increase in retinyl ester formation in neonatal rat lungs
Authors: Wu Lili , Ross A. Catharine 
Published: September 2012

Vitamin A (VA) plays an important role in post-natal lung development and maturation. Previously, we have reported that a supplemental dose of VA combined with 10 % of all-trans-retinoic acid (VARA) synergistically increases retinol uptake and retinyl ester (RE) storage in neonatal rat lung, while up-regulating several retinoid homeostatic genes including lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) and the retinol-binding protein receptor, stimulated by retinoic acid 6 (STRA6). However, whether inflammation has an impact on the expression of these genes and thus compromises the ability of VARA to increase lung RE content is not clear. Neonatal rats, 7- to 8-d-old, were treated with VARA either concurrently with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; Expt 1) or 12 h after LPS administration (Expt 2); in both studies, lung tissue was collected 6 h after VARA treatment, when RE formation is maximal. Inflammation was confirmed by increasedIL-6and chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) gene expression in lung at 6 h and C-reactive protein in plasma at 18 h. In both studies, LPS-induced inflammation only slightly reduced, but did not prevent the VARA-induced increase in lung RE. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that co-administration of LPS with VARA slightly attenuated the VARA-induced increase of LRAT mRNA, but not of STRA6 or cytochrome P450 26B1, the predominant RA hydroxylase in lung. By 18 h post-LPS, expression had subsided and none of these genes differed from the level in the control group. Overall, the present results suggest that retinoid homeostatic gene expression is reduced modestly, if at all, by acute LPS-induced inflammation and that VARA is still effective in increasing lung RE under conditions of moderate inflammation.