bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two cases of gastrointestinal perforation after radiotherapy in patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor for advanced renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Inoue Takaaki , Kinoshita Hidefumi , Komai Yoshihiro , Kawabata Takashi , Kawa Gen , Uemura Yoshiko , Matsuda Tadashi 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
We report two cases of gastrointestinal perforation (GIP) after radiotherapy in patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Case 1 was a 61-year-old woman with lung metastases after a radical nephrectomy for a right RCC (cT3aN0M0) treated with interferon-alpha (OIF, 5 MIU, three times per week). She developed lytic metastases of the left femur and the left acetabulum. She was treated with palliative radiotherapy to the metastatic portion (3 Gy × 10 fractions), and 400 mg sorafenib twice per day plus continuing interferon alpha. She experienced sudden left lower abdominal pain after four weeks of treatment, and was diagnosed with a perforation of the sigmoid colon with fecal peritonitis. Case 2 was a 48-year-old man with lung, lymph node, and bone metastases after a radical nephrectomy for a right RCC (cT2N0M0), and was treated with 400 mg sorafenib twice per day. He developed lytic bone metastases of the lumbar vertebrae, which was treated with palliative radiotherapy to L2-4 (3 Gy × 10 fractions). He experienced sudden abdominal pain after two months of radiation treatment, and was diagnosed with a perforation of the sigmoid colon with fecal peritonitis. These cases underwent radiotherapy, and therefore this may be related to the radiosensitivity of TKI.
Brighter-colored paper wasps (Polistes dominula) have larger poison glands
Authors: Vidal-Cordero J Manuel , Moreno-Rueda Gregorio , López-Orta Antonio , Marfil-Daza Carlos , Ros-Santaella José L , Ortiz-Sánchez F Javier 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroductionAposematism is a defense system against predators consisting of the toxicity warning using conspicuous coloration. If the toxin production and aposematic coloration is costly, only individuals in good physical condition could simultaneously produce abundant poison and striking coloration. In such cases, the aposematic coloration not only indicates that the animal is toxic, but also the toxicity level of individuals. The costs associated with the production of aposematic coloration would ensure that individuals honestly indicate their toxicity levels. In the present study, we examine the hypothesis that a positive correlation exists between the brightness of warning coloration and toxicity level using as a model the paper wasp (Polistes dominula).ResultsWe collected wasps from 30 different nests and photographed them to measure the brightness of warning coloration in the abdomen. We also measured the volume of the poison gland, as well as the length, and the width of the abdomen. The results show a positive relationship between brightness and poison-gland size, which remained positive even after controlling for the body size and abdomen width.ConclusionThe results suggest that the coloration pattern of these wasps is a true sign of toxicity level: wasps with brighter colors are more poisonous (they have larger poison glands).
First report of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in two threatened carnivores: the Marbled polecat, Vormela peregusna and the European mink, Mustela lutreola (Mammalia: Mustelidae)
Authors: Gherman Călin M , Sándor Attila D , Kalmár Zsuzsa , Marinov Mihai , Mihalca Andrei D 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background
Lyme disease is a widespread cosmopolitan zoonosis caused by species belonging to the genus Borrelia. It is transmitted from animal reservoir hosts to humans through hard - ticks of genus Ixodes which are vectors of the disease.

Case presentation

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection was identified in a marbled polecat, Vormela peregusna, and two European minks, Mustela lutreola, from Romania, by PCR. RFLP revealed the presence of a single genospecies, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.

Conclusions
This is the first report of the Lyme disease spirochetes in the two mentioned hosts.
Effect of preceding exercise on cerebral and splanchnic vascular responses to mental task
Authors: Someya Nami , Ikemura Tsukasa , Hayashi Naoyuki 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Background
To investigate the effect of preceding acute exercise on the peripheral vascular response to a mental task, we measured splanchnic and cerebral blood flow responses to performing a mental task after exercise and resting.

Methods
In the exercise trial, 11 males exercised for 30 min on a cycle ergometer with a workload set at 70% of the age-predicted maximal heart rate for each individual. After a 15-min recovery period, the subjects rested for 5 min for pre-task baseline measurement and then performed mental arithmetic for 5 min followed by 5 min of post-task measurement. In the resting trial, they rested for 45 min and pre-task baseline data was obtained for 5 min. Then mental arithmetic was performed for 5 min followed by post-task measurement. We measured the mean blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery and superior mesenteric artery and the mean arterial pressure.

Results
Mean arterial pressure and mean blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery were significantly higher than the baseline during mental arithmetic in both exercise and resting trials. Mean blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery during mental arithmetic was greater in the control trial than the exercise trial. Mean blood velocity in the superior mesenteric artery showed no significant change during mental arithmetic from baseline in both trials.

Conclusion
These results suggest that acute exercise can moderate the increase in cerebral blood flow induced by a mental task.
Simulation of Electromigration Effects on Voids in Monocrystalline Ag
Authors: Latz Andreas , Wolf Dietrich E. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTUnderstanding electromigration effects in monocrystalline metal becomes of increasing interest with decreasing width and thickness of interconnects. Using a three-dimensional, atomistic model based on the Kinetic Monte Carlo method, we investigate voids in monocrystalline silver. Subject to electromigration, voids begin to drift. We show that the drift velocity not only depends on the void size, but also on the electromigration force direction, with respect to the crystallographic orientation.
Solution Growth and Optical Characterization of Thin Films with ZnO1-xSx and ZnO Nanorods in Core-Shell like Nanostructure for Solar Cell Application
Authors: Thankalekshmi Ratheesh R. , Rastogi A. C. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTZnO films with a nanostructure dominated by 150-200 nm size highly c-axis oriented nanorod arrays were deposited by hydrothermal synthesis over surface activated quartz substrates. Sulfur infiltration and growth of ZnO1-xSx over ZnO nanorods was carried out by chemiplating process using slow hydrolysis of thiourea solution at 95°C. Formation of ZnO1-xSx nanocrystals of 20-30 nm size over (0001) facets of the ZnO rods is shown. With progressive growth of ZnO1-xSx nanocrystal and full ZnO nanorod coverage, the formation ZnO/ZnO1-xSx core –shell nanostructure is realized. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows chemical shifts in O1s and S2p spectra confirming the formation of ZnO1-xSx (0.1≤x≤0.2) nanocrystal shell. Reduction in optical band gap from a 3.24 eV for ZnO nanorod core to 2.78 eV for the ZnO1-xSx shell is consistent with the band gap bowing effect due to sulfur addition over the ZnO nanorod surface.
Dermatoglyphic Features in Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate Patients and Their Parents in China
Authors: Ma Hongfang , Qiu Ye , Zhu Wenchao , Chao Haotian , Shi Bing 
Published: August 2012

Objective To test the hypothesis that indicators and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) on fingers and palms in nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and their parents were affected by developmental instability and to investigate a potential way for prenatal diagnosis of NSCL/P. Design Case-control study. Setting West China College of Stomatology and Chengdu Children's Hospital, Chengdu, China. Participants Three hundred sixty NSCL/P patients and their 720 unaffected parents were collected. Two hundred ninety normal children and their 580 parents were selected as the control. Main outcome measures Total ridge counts, atd angle, fingerprints pattern types, a-b ridge count, and true pattern (TP) on palm were determined. For each indicator, asymmetry between hands was defined. Pattern types and asymmetries were statistically compared among groups. Result Compared with the control, NSCL/P patients had significantly greater a-b ridge count for both hands ( P < .001), decreased TP in the left thenar area (TA) as well as in the hypothenar area (HA) and interdigital third area (13) (all P < .05), and increased FA in HA and 13 (both P < .05), while their parents had greater a-b ridge counts ( P < .001). NSCL/P patients possessed more slowly developing patterns and higher levels of FA on their palms, followed by their parents and then the controls. Conclusion A-b ridge count could be a potential prenatal indicator in people without family history that are at increased risk of having a child with NSCL/P. The increased tendency for slower development of patterns and higher levels of FA indirectly support the possibility that the developmental sequence of ridges in NSCL/P is retarded. However, further work is still needed.
Comparative Study of Nasoalveolar Molding Methods: Nasal Elevator plus DynaCleft® Versus NAM-Grayson in Patients with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Monasterio Luis , Ford Alison , Gutiérrez Carolina , Tastets María Eugenia , García Jacqueline 
Published: August 2012

Objective To compare nasoalveolar molding (NAM) effect employing a nasal elevator plus DynaCleft® and NAM-Grayson system in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Method Prospective study in two groups. Group A included 20 consecutive patients treated with DynaCleft® and a nasal elevator before lip surgery. Group B included 20 patients treated with NAM-Grayson system. Maxillary casts and standard view photographs were done before and after treatment. Columella deviation angle, soft tissue distance of the cleft, intercommisural distance, and nostril height and width were traced and measured on the printed photos; a ratio was obtained and compared before and after treatment. Cleft width, anterior width, and anteroposterior distances were measured on the maxillary cast. Results Group A began treatment at an average age of 14.3 days and group B at an average age of 16.9 days; no complications were observed. For group A, the initial average alveolar cleft within the cast was 10.7 mm, and after treatment it was 6.6 mm. For group B, pretreatment width was 11.2 mm, and after treatment it was 5.9 mm. No differences were found on the anterior and posterior width, and A-P distance of both groups. The initial mean columellar angle in group A was 38.1°, and after treatment it was 61.5°; for group B the initial mean columellar angle was 33.6°, and after treatment it was 59.5°. Results of Mann-Whitney U and Student's t tests showed no differences (P > .05). Width and height dimensions of the nostril showed minor differences. Conclusions Both methods significantly reduced the cleft width and improved the nasal asymmetry. Our findings show that both methods produced similar results.
Transformative Encounters and Uncanny Intimacies: Biotechnology and Contemporary Art – A Practitioner's Approach and Perspective
Authors: Kratz Svenja J. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract: Presented from an ArtScience practitioner's perspective, this paper provides an overview of Svenja Kratz's experience working as an artist within the area of cell and tissue culture at QUT's Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI). Using The Absence of Alice, a multi-medium exhibition based on the experience of culturing cells, as a case study, the paper gives insight into the artist's approach to working across art and science and how ideas, processes, and languages from each discipline can intermesh and extend the possibilities of each system. The paper also provides an overview of her most recent artwork, The Human Skin Equivalent/Experience Project, which involves the creation of personal jewellery items incorporating human skin equivalent models grown from the artist's skin and participant cells. Referencing this project, and other contemporary bioart works, the value of ArtScience is discussed, focusing in particular on the way in which cross-art-science projects enable an alternative voice to enter into scientific dialogues and have the potential to yield outcomes valuable to both disciplines.
Application of the Strong Artin Conjecture
to the Class Number Problem
Authors: Cho Peter J. , Kim Henry H. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe construct unconditionally several families of number fields with the largest possible class numbers. They are number fields of degree 4 and 5 whose Galois closures have the Galois group A4; S4, and S5. We first construct families of number fields with smallest regulators, and by using the strong Artin conjecture and applying the zero density result of Kowalski–Michel, we choose subfamilies of L-functions that are zero-free close to 1. For these subfamilies, the L-functions have the extremal value at s = 1, and by the class number formula, we obtain the extreme class numbers.
Optimal capacitor placement in smart distribution systems to improve its maximum loadability and energy efficiency
Authors: Ali I , Thomas MS , Kumar P 
Published: August 2012

An energy efficient power distribution network can provide cost-effective and collaborative platform for supporting present and future smart distribution system requirements. Energy efficiency in distribution systems is achieved through reconfiguration of distributed generation and optimal capacitor placement. Though several techniques have been reported earlier for optimal capacitor placement, this paper presents an improved technique based on combining Power Loss Index (PLI) and Maximum Loadability Index (MLI). It takes care of critical compensation to maximize loadability and loss reduction. Improved performance results of the new technique have been demonstrated on an IEEE 15 bus distribution system for different load models. It is demonstrated that the load models have significant effect on selecting the capacitor size. The improvement in the loadability limit in constant impedance loads and the reduction in power loss in constant power loads is more than any other load models. The simultaneous improvement in loadability limit and loss reduction enhances energy efficiency in distribution systems by releasing power demand and feeder capacity.
Arte e educação contra o fetichismo generalizado na sociabilidade contemporânea
Authors: Duarte Newton 
Published: August 2012

O artigo desenvolve uma reflexão filosófica sobre a contribuição que a arte e a Educação podem dar ao processo de superação do fetichismo generalizado na sociabilidade contemporânea. No primeiro item, é retomada a tese de Marx segundo a qual a sociabilidade na sociedade capitalista se caracteriza pela universalidade do valor de troca como mediação nas relações sociais. O artigo defende a posição de que a sociabilidade contemporânea, em que pesem suas diferenças em relação ao século XIX, não só não superou a universalidade do valor de troca como, ao contrário, aprofundou-a, tornando o fetichismo um fenômeno social que abarca todas as dimensões da vida humana na atualidade. No segundo item, o artigo apoia-se nas análises feitas por Vigotski e por Lukács das relações entre os indivíduos e as obras de arte para defender a tese de que a educação escolar deve ter como meta permanente a superação das formas alienadas de consciência que prevalecem na vida cotidiana da sociedade capitalista deste início de século XXI.
Classe média ou classe trabalhadora?: um exercício empírico a partir das percepções dos docentes de Buenos Aires
Authors: Donaire Ricardo 
Published: August 2012

O presente trabalho faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla que busca conhecer se é possível conceituar as transformações recentes ocorridas nas condições de existência dos docentes como parte de um processo de proletarização. Para isso, tomamos como fonte dados primários coletados a partir de uma amostra representativa de professores primários e secundários em estabelecimentos públicos e privados de “ensino comum” em Buenos Aires, à qual se aplicou um questionário sobre suas condições de existência e sobre a percepção destas. Os dados que apresentamos neste trabalho constituem os primeiros resultados dessa pesquisa e se referem estritamente à percepção dos próprios entrevistados, se os docentes se representam como trabalhadores, em que sentido, até que grau está extendida essa percepção.
A moratória profissional do Magistério: ensaio de interpretação sociológica
Authors: Pereira Gilson Ricardo de Medeiros , Andrade Maria da Conceição Lima de 
Published: August 2012

O objetivo do presente texto é abordar a profissionalização do Magistério no estado atual do campo educacional brasileiro. Submetem-se à análise o recrutamento, isto é, as condições de escolha desta específica ocupação; a formação inicial, quer dizer, os processos por meio dos quais são incorporadas as disposições físicas e cognitivas necessárias a esse ofício; e a formação continuada, ou seja, a reestruturação contínua dessas disposições. Define-se o exercício profissional como ação baseada em estratégias orientadas por objetivos, que pressupõem conhecimentos incorporados por meios garantidos e institucionalmente legitimados, e, além disso, como ação orientada por uma ética capaz de regular os padrões de comportamento quando do exercício das atividades profissio- nais. Parte-se da proposição segundo a qual a oposição entre “realização cognitiva” e “realização moral” comanda o recruta- mento de docentes e, sob muitos aspectos, condiciona os caminhos da profissionalização. Uma vez confrontada com outro índice, o rendimento propriamente escolar dos agentes, a oposição mencionada permite esclarecer o quadro do recrutamento atual para o ingresso na profissão docente, sobretudo em seus postos mais inferiores, o do Magistério da Educação Infantil, e torna possível compreender os desdobramentos subsequentes da profissionalização, nas modalidades de formação inicial e continuada.
Retailers Price Behavior in the UK Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Market
Authors: Revoredo‐Giha Cesar , Renwick Alan 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTThe recent announcement in the UK by the largest supermarket chain (Tesco) of a sustained reduction in prices across a range of own‐label products has once again focused attention on the issue of the nature of price competition between supermarkets. In this article, the authors inform the discussion on the issue of price competition through analysis of the interaction in the pricing behavior for fresh produce of two leading UK supermarkets, Tesco and Sainsbury's, over a 10‐year period with the purpose of improving understanding of how they compete and the possible policy implications. Of particular interest is whether the nature of the interaction in pricing behavior between the two retailers changed as they moved from a situation where they had relatively similar market shares to one where Tesco became the dominant force in retailing in the UK. Through the literature possible price‐leadership models are investigated and their empirical characteristics identified. The empirical analysis consisted of the investigation of price leadership using Granger causality tests on the series. In addition, due to the nature of the findings, interrelationships between the supermarket prices were modelled by means of vector autoregressive models for each product and the simulation of interactions between retailers using impulse‐response functions. Though no clear evidence of systematic price leadership from Tesco to Sainsbury's was found, the results point to a strengthening interrelationship between the pricing of the two supermarkets over the period for a number of the products examined, which may be a result of the increased use of price checking across supermarket chains as a competitive tool. [JEL classifications: L000, L190, L130, C320]. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rapid Development of a Potent Photo‐triggered Inhibitor of the Serine Hydrolase RBBP9
Authors: Liu Xiaodan , Dix Melissa , Speers Anna E. , Bachovchin Daniel A. , Zuhl Andrea M. , Cravatt Benjamin F. , Kodadek Thomas J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe serine hydrolases constitute a large class of enzymes that play important roles in physiology. There is great interest in the development of potent and selective pharmacological inhibitors of these proteins. Traditional active‐site inhibitors often have limited selectivity within this superfamily and are tedious and expensive to discover. Using the serine hydrolase RBBP9 as a model target, we designed a rapid and relatively inexpensive route to highly selective peptoid‐based inhibitors that can be activated by visible light. This technology provides rapid access to photo‐activated tool compounds capable of selectively blocking the function of particular serine hydrolases.
Reactions of Naphthyridines with Aldehydes: Novel Derivatives with Red‐Fluorescence Emissions and Two‐Photon Absorptions
Authors: Li Li , Li Jianzheng , Wang Hongyan , Zhang Huimiao , Fu Wenfu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractFour new 1,8‐naphthyridine derivatives were synthesized by reacting the parent molecules with aldehydes and characterized. Two of the compounds have completely new and unusual skeletons, and display red‐fluorescence emissions and two‐photon absorption. Their structures were determined using MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and density functional theory calculations. The structural investigations of 2‐methyl‐1,8‐naphthyridine hydrochloride and hydrobromide showed that abundant hydrogen‐bonds and π‐ π interactions lead to extended networks.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of One‐pot Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4H‐chromenes Catalyzed by Basic‐functionalized Ionic Liquids
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Wu Yuetong , Wang Yu , Dai Liyi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAn efficient and environmentally benign procedure for the reactions of three components condensation of salicylaldehyde and two different CH acids to give 2‐amino‐4H‐chromenes catalyzed by a series of basic‐functionalized ionic liquids was reported. The most possible reaction pathway was proposed for the first time by performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Both cation and anion of [Bmim]OH have a cooperative effect on the reaction. [Bmim]+ increases the electrophilicity of salicylaldehyde via intermolecular hydrogen bonds, while OH− deprives proton of two CH acids to strengthen their nucleophilic ability.
Precursor‐involved and Conversion Rate‐controlled Self‐assembly of a 'Super Gelator' in Thixotropic Hydrogels for Drug Delivery
Authors: Ou Caiwen , Wang Huaimin , Yang Zhimou , Chen Minsheng 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEnzymatic hydrogelation is a totally different process to the heating‐cooling gelation process, in which the precursors of the gelators can be involved during the formation of self‐assembled structures. Using thixotropic hydrogels formed by a super gelator as our studied system, we demonstrated that the enzyme concentration/conversion rate of enzymatic reaction had a strong influence on the morphology of resulting self‐assembled nanostructures and the property of resulting hydrogels. The principle demonstrated in this study not only helps to understand and elucidate the phenomenon of self‐assembly triggered by enzymes in biological systems, but also offers a unique methodology to control the morphology of self‐assembled structures for specific applications such as controlled drug release.