bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotypic variation in adaptation to soil acidity in local upland rice varieties
Authors: Laenoi Suwannee , Phattarakul Nattinee , Jamjod Sansanee , Yimyam Narit , Dell Bernard , Rerkasem Benjavan 
Published: September 2014

Local upland rice germplasm is an invaluable resource for farmers who grow rice on acidic soils without flooding that benefits wetland rice. In this study, we evaluated the adaptation to soil acidity in common local upland rice varieties from an area with acidic soil in Thailand. Tolerance to hydrogen and aluminium (Al) toxicity was determined by measuring root growth, plant dry weight and phosphorus (P) uptake in aerated solution culture without the supplementation of Al (0 mg/l) at pH 7 and 4 and with the supplementation of 10, 20 and 30 mg Al/l at pH 4. The root growth of upland rice plants grown from farmers' seed was depressed less by Al than that of common wetland rice varieties. Pure-line genotypes of upland rice varieties were differentiated into several classes of Al tolerance, with frequency distribution of the classes that sometimes differed between the accessions of the same varieties. The effect of Al tolerance on root length was closely correlated with depression by Al in root dry weight and whole-plant P content. A source for adaptation to soil acidity for exploitation in the genetic improvement of aerobic and rainfed rice is clearly found among local upland rice varieties grown on acidic soils. However, the variation in tolerance to soil acidity within and among the seed lots of the same varieties maintained by individual farmers as well as among the varieties needs to be taken into consideration.
Identifikation von Jugendlichen mit ausgeprägten Delinquenzrisiken
Authors: Brettfeld Katrin , Petermann Franz , Wetzels Peter 
Published: September 2014

Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war die Prüfung der Frage, ob das SPS-J sich zur Identifikation stark delinquenzgefährdeter Jugendlicher eignet. In einer regional repräsentativen Dunkelfeldstudie mit 3130 Bremer Schülern wurde auch der SPS-J eingesetzt. Auf Basis von Daten zu selbstberichteter Delinquenz wurden zwei Risikogruppen massiv delinquenzbelasteter Jugendlicher bestimmt. Über ROC-Analysen wurden Sensitivität und Spezifität von Subskalen und Einzelitems des SPS-J zur Vorhersage dieser Risikogruppen berechnet. Eine aus sieben Items bestehende Kurzskala konnte die besonders kritische Gruppe massiv delinquenter Jugendlicher (2.1 % der Gesamtstichprobe) zu 87.7 % korrekt vorhersagen. Die Rate falsch-positiver Klassifikationen war mit 17.7 % akzeptabel. In einer zweiten, unabhängigen regional repräsentativen Studie konnten diese Befunde repliziert werden. Demnach ist das SPS-J nicht nur zur Erfassung psychischer Auffälligkeiten geeignet, sondern kann auch genutzt werden, um Jugendliche mit erheblich erhöhten Delinquenzrisiken als Zielgruppe spezifischer Präventionsmaßnahmen frühzeitig zu erkennen.
Verhaltensauffälligkeiten mit 9 Jahren zur Vorhersage von Schulproblemen im Alter von 11 und 15 Jahren
Authors: Krause Christina , Hohmann Cynthia , Grabenhenrich Linus , Forster Johannes , Bauer Carl Peter , Hoffmann Ute , Zepp Fred , Schuster Antje , Bergmann Renate L. , Bergmann Karl E. , Wahn Ulrich , Lau Susanne , Beyer Reinhard , Keil Thomas 
Published: September 2014

Verhaltensauffälligkeiten im Kindesalter stellen einen Risikofaktor für psychische Auffälligkeiten und verminderte schulische Leistungsfähigkeit dar. Die Studie untersucht, ob eine geringere Funktionalität im Grundschulalter die Auftretenswahrscheinlichkeit von Schulproblemen in der Adoleszenz erhöht. Fragebogendaten der 9-, 11- und 15-Jahres Nachuntersuchungen der MAS-Geburtskohorte (N=1314 Baselineerhebung bei Geburt; 47.9 % Mädchen, 52.1 % Jungen) werden ausgewertet. Erhoben werden Funktionalität auf den Dimensionen Psychisches Wohlergehen, Körperlicher Status, Soziale Beziehungen und Alltagsfunktionsfähigkeit zu 9 Jahren sowie das Vorkommen von Schulproblemen mit 11 und 15 Jahren. Eine geringere Funktionalität im Alter von 9 Jahren geht mit einer erhöhten Auftretenswahrscheinlichkeit von Schulproblemen mit 11 (adjustierte Odds Ratio [aOR]=3.53, 95 %Konfidenzintervall [KI] 2.20 – 5.66) und 15 Jahren (aOR=3.22, 95 %KI 1.85 – 5.62) einher. Diese Effekte zeigen sich deutlicher für Jungen als für Mädchen. Bereits Grundschulkinder können Einschränkungen in ihrer Funktionalität zeigen, welche über Jahre stabil zu bleiben scheinen und mit Schulproblemen in der Adoleszenz einhergehen können.
MEIS2 is essential for neuroblastoma cell survival and proliferation by transcriptional control of M-phase progression
Authors: Zha Y , Xia Y , Ding J , Choi J-H , Yang L , Dong Z , Yan C , Huang S , Ding H-F 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMEIS2 has an important role in development and organogenesis, and is implicated in the pathogenesis of human cancer. The molecular basis of MEIS2 action in tumorigenesis is not clear. Here, we show that MEIS2 is highly expressed in human neuroblastoma cell lines and is required for neuroblastoma cell survival and proliferation. Depletion of MEIS2 in neuroblastoma cells leads to M-phase arrest and mitotic catastrophe, whereas ectopic expression of MEIS2 markedly enhances neuroblastoma cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and tumorigenicity. Gene expression profiling reveals an essential role of MEIS2 in maintaining the expression of a large number of late cell-cycle genes, including those required for DNA replication, G2-M checkpoint control and M-phase progression. Importantly, we identify MEIS2 as a transcription activator of the MuvB-BMYB-FOXM1 complex that functions as a master regulator of cell-cycle gene expression. Further, we show that FOXM1 is a direct target gene of MEIS2 and is required for MEIS2 to upregulate mitotic genes. These findings link a developmentally important gene to the control of cell proliferation and suggest that high MEIS2 expression is a molecular mechanism for high expression of mitotic genes that is frequently observed in cancers of poor prognosis.
Activated platelets rescue apoptotic cells via paracrine activation of EGFR and DNA-dependent protein kinase
Authors: Au A E-L , Sashindranath M , Borg R J , Kleifeld O , Andrews R K , Gardiner E E , Medcalf R L , Samson A L 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPlatelet activation is a frontline response to injury, not only essential for clot formation but also important for tissue repair. Indeed, the reparative influence of platelets has long been exploited therapeutically where application of platelet concentrates expedites wound recovery. Despite this, the mechanisms of platelet-triggered cytoprotection are poorly understood. Here, we show that activated platelets accumulate in the brain to exceptionally high levels following injury and release factors that potently protect neurons from apoptosis. Kinomic microarray and subsequent kinase inhibitor studies showed that platelet-based neuroprotection relies upon paracrine activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and downstream DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). This same anti-apoptotic cascade stimulated by activated platelets also provided chemo-resistance to several cancer cell types. Surprisingly, deep proteomic profiling of the platelet releasate failed to identify any known EGFR ligand, indicating that activated platelets release an atypical activator of the EGFR. This study is the first to formally associate platelet activation to EGFR/DNA-PK – an endogenous cytoprotective cascade.
OsAAP6 functions as an important regulator of grain protein content and nutritional quality in rice
Authors: Peng Bo , Kong Huili , Li Yibo , Wang Lingqiang , Zhong Ming , Sun Liang , Gao Guanjun , Zhang Qinglu , Luo Lijun , Wang Gongwei , Xie Weibo , Chen Junxiao , Yao Wen , Peng Yong , Lei Lei , Lian Xingmin , Xiao Jinghua , Xu Caiguo , Li Xianghua , He Yuqing 
Published: September 2014

AbstractGrains from cereals contribute an important source of protein to human food, and grain protein content (GPC) is an important determinant of nutritional quality in cereals. Here we show that the quantitative trait locus (QTL)qPC1in rice controls GPC by regulating the synthesis and accumulation of glutelins, prolamins, globulins, albumins and starch.qPC1encodes a putative amino acid transporterOsAAP6, which functions as a positive regulator of GPC in rice, such that higher expression ofOsAAP6is correlated with higher GPC.OsAAP6greatly enhances root absorption of a range of amino acids and has effects on the distribution of various amino acids. Two common variations in the potentialcis-regulatory elements of theOsAAP65′-untranslated region seem to be associated with GPC diversity mainly inindicacultivars. Our results represent the first step toward unravelling the mechanism of regulation underlying natural variation of GPC in rice.
Potentially functional polymorphisms in the ERCC2 gene and risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Chinese populations
Authors: Zhu Mei-Ling , He Jing , Wang MengYun , Sun Meng-Hong , Jin Li , Wang Xiaofeng , Yang Ya-Jun , Wang Jiu-Cun , Zheng Leizhen , Xiang Jia-Qing , Wei Qing-Yi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractERCC2 is indispensable for nucleotide excision repair pathway and its functional polymorphisms may be associated with cancer risk. In a large case-control study of 1126 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) patients and 1131 controls, we genotyped two SNPs in ERCC2 (rs238406 G > T and rs13181 T > G) and assessed their associations with ESCC risk. We found a significantly elevated ESCC risk associated with the rs238406 T variant genotypes (adjusted OR = 1.30 and 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02–1.66 and 1.03–1.49 for TG and TG/TT, respectively, compared with GG), particularly in the subgroup of those smoked more than 16 pack-years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested a possible multiplicative gene-environment interaction between rs238406 genotypes and smoking (Pinteraction = 0.026) on ESCC risk. Although no significant risk associations were observed for rs13181, further mini meta-analysis with our and 18 other published studies of 5,012 cases and 8,238 controls found evidence of an association between the rs13181 variant G allele and esophageal cancer risk (TG/GG vs. TT, OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.02–1.33). Interestingly, we consistently found a significant correlation between variant genotypes of these two SNPs and ERCC2 mRNA expression. These findings suggest that potentially functional SNPs in ERCC2 may contribute to ESCC risk.
Differential‐fed UWB microstrip antenna with improved radiation patterns
Authors: Wang Junhui , Yin Yingzeng 
Published: September 2014

A differential‐fed microstrip antenna, which is characterised with an ultra‐wideband (UWB) of 120% (3–12 GHz), improved radiation patterns, stable gains and compact size, is proposed. Two symmetrical trapezoid‐shaped slots and four triangle‐cut corners on the ground are used to improve the impedance matching over the UWB frequency band. To clarify the improved radiation characteristics, the simulated 3D radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are also shown. The measured results show that, in the entire frequency band, the designed antenna exhibits a stable radiation pattern and the gain variation is < 2.5 dB. Furthermore, the polarisation purity is increased compared with the conventional ones, especially in the high‐frequency band.
Compact ultra‐wideband 90° phase shifter using short‐circuited stub and weak coupled line
Authors: Liu Qiang , Liu Hongli , Liu Yuanan 
Published: September 2014

A compact ultra‐wideband 90° phase shifter based on a short‐circuited stub and a weak coupled line (WCL) is proposed. The circuit conﬁguration and derivation of S‐parameters and phase difference are presented. The analysis result indicates that the phase deviation (PD) bandwidth can be extended to 200% by adjusting the coupling coefficient of the WCL. The fabricated phase shifter exhibits a bandwidth of 118% from 0.66 to 2.56 GHz for return loss >10 dB, insertion loss (IL) <0.5 dB and a PD of ±3.9°. Comparison shows that the proposed phase shifter not only has the most compact size with single‐layer structures but also achieves the largest bandwidth and lowest IL. The design features low‐cost, good design portability and convenient installation. Thus it is a good candidate for wideband and ultra‐wideband applications.
1.3 μm InAs/GaAs quantum‐dot laser monolithically grown on Si substrates operating over 100°C
Authors: Chen S.M. , Tang M.C. , Wu J. , Jiang Q. , Dorogan V.G. , Benamara M. , Mazur Y.I. , Salamo G.J. , Seeds A.J. , Liu H. 
Published: September 2014

A high‐performance 1.3 μm InAs/GaAs quantum‐dot laser directly grown on Si substrates has been achieved by using InAlAs/GaAs strained‐layer superlattice serving as dislocation filter layers (DFLs). The Si‐based laser achieves lasing operation up to 111°C with a threshold current density of 200 A/cm2 and an output power exceeding 100 mW at room temperature.
Coaxial‐to‐circular waveguide transition with broadband mode‐free operation
Authors: Bang Jae‐Hoon , Ahn Bierng‐Chearl 
Published: September 2014

A simple transition between a circular waveguide and a coaxial cable having mode‐free operation over more than an octave bandwidth is presented. The transition consists of a conical coaxial probe, a rectangular waveguide section and a linearly tapered transformer from the rectangular to circular waveguide. The transition shows a reflection coefficient of < –20 dB, a transmission coefficient of >–0.57 dB and a higher‐order mode level of < −25 dB over a frequency range 1.04–2.53 times the TE11 mode cutoff frequency.
Absence of SUN-domain protein Slp1 blocks karyogamy and switches meiotic recombination and synapsis from homologs to sister chromatids
Authors: Vasnier Christelle , de Muyt Arnaud , Zhang Liangran , Tessé Sophie , Kleckner Nancy E. , Zickler Denise , Espagne Eric 
Published: September 2014

Significance
Meiosis is the specialized cellular program that generates gametes for sexual reproduction. In the fungus Sordaria macrospora karyogamy is required to produce the diploid cell that enters the meiotic program. In absence of the mid-Sad1p, UNC-84–domain sun like protein 1, karyogamy does not occur. Meiosis nonetheless proceeds efficiently in the two haploid nuclei, but with the entire program of interhomolog events now occurring instead between sister chromatids, including spatially patterned recombination and synaptonemal complex formation. As a result, significant levels of gametes are still formed. In contrast, other cases of meiosis in haploid genome complements exhibit inefficient or aberrant chromosomal programs. We thus propose that Sordaria can sense the absence of karyogamy so as to trigger an appropriately regular response.
A review on plasma-assisted VLS synthesis of silicon nanowires and radial junction solar cells
Authors: Misra Soumyadeep , Yu Linwei , Chen Wanghua , Foldyna Martin , Cabarrocas Pere Roca i 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Incorporation of nanostructures is a recent trend in the photovoltaic community, aimed at improving light absorption and consequently cell efficiency. In this regard, semiconductor nanowires provide an attractive research platform for a new generation of cost-effective and efficient solar cells. Thanks to their unique geometry, silicon nanowires enhance light trapping and anti-reflection effects by means of multiple scattering between individual nanowires, and by coupling the light into confined eigenmodes over a broad range of the solar spectrum. Moreover, radial junction solar cells built around nanowires decouple the light absorption and carrier collection directions, which allows for a higher internal field and better carrier collection. Thus, arrays of radial junction solar cells bring advantages of high efficiency with reduced material amount. This is particularly attractive for devices based on hydrogenated amorphous and microcrystalline silicon thin films. In this paper, after reviewing different approaches to fabricate silicon nanowires, we focus on nanowires grown using the plasma-assisted vapour–liquid–solid method because of the simplicity and compatibility with current silicon thin-film technology. Their application to a-Si : H based radial junction solar cells has already resulted in ∼8% of stable devices with an absorber layer thickness of only 100 nm. Moreover, current challenges and perspectives such as the use of a microcrystalline silicon absorber are also reviewed.
Minimizing the impact of surface potentials in axial InxGa1−xN/GaN nanowire heterostructures by reducing their diameter
Authors: Marquardt O , Geelhaar L , Brandt O 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We study the influence of the diameter of axial In
x
Ga1−x
N/GaN nanowire heterostructures on the electron and hole confinement in the In
x
Ga1−x
N quantum disk using an eight-band
k
·
p
model. Elastic relaxation as well as polarization and surface potentials are fully taken into account. Our calculations indicate that a reduction of the nanowire diameter diminishes the influence of the surface potential and thus leads to a significantly increased spatial overlap of electron and hole wave functions. The results suggest that a reduction of the nanowire diameter below 40 nm can significantly improve the internal quantum efficiency of nanowire-based light emitters.
Passive polarization agile antenna based on the electromagnetically induced transparency-like effect
Authors: Zhu Lei , Meng Fan-Yi , Wu Qun , Dong Liang , Chen Wan , Fu Jia-Hui 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We propose a design method for a passive polarization agile antenna based on the electromagnetically induced transparency-like (EIT-like) effect. Benefiting from strong dispersion properties governed by EIT-like effects, the proposed structure can endow electromagnetic waves transmitted through it with quite different polarization states at very close frequencies. The experimental measurement was conducted to demonstrate agile polarization controls by placing a designed EIT-like waveplate in front of a standard microwave horn antenna. Results show that the polarization state of radiated waves by the horn antenna with a waveplate can be easily transformed among linear, circular and elliptical polarizations through fine-tuning the operating frequency, which is extremely important for certain special applications, e.g. electronic countermeasures. Our scheme could also be utilized at higher operating frequencies by the simply scaling principle.
Nonstationary holographic currents in neutron-irradiated SiC crystal
Authors: Bryushinin M A , Kulikov V V , Mokhov E N , Mokrushina E V , Petrov A A , Sokolov I A 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We report the excitation of nonstationary holographic currents in semi-insulating 6H-SiC crystal preliminarily irradiated by reactor neutrons. The currents are studied for the cases of zero and non-zero external electric fields. The dependences of the signal amplitude versus the frequency of phase modulation, light intensity, spatial frequency and amplitude of the external ac field are measured. The frequency transfer functions of the effect demonstrate unusual behaviour, namely, there are two frequency-independent regions in the diffusion regime of signal excitation and low-frequency maximum in the experiments with the applied ac field. These peculiarities are explained in the frames of a two-level model of semiconductor. Photoconductivity, diffusion length of electrons, thermal excitation rate and ionization cross section for shallow traps are estimated for the wavelength λ = 532 nm.
Electrical spin extraction and giant positive junction magnetoresistance in a Fe3O4/MgO/n-Si magnetic diode like heterostructure
Authors: Panda J , Banerjee P , Nath T K 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We have demonstrated here the electrical spin extraction and origin of giant positive junction magnetoresistance (JMR) in our Fe3O4/MgO/n-Si (0 0 1) heterostucture. The heterostructure has been fabricated using pulsed laser deposition technique. The electrical transport properties of this heterostructure have been investigated in the temperature range 10–300 K. The current–voltage characteristics of the heterojunction with and without an applied 6 T magnetic field shows very good rectifying magnetic diode like behaviour throughout the temperature range. The magnetic field dependent JMR behaviour of our heterostucture has been measured in the same temperature range. The heterostructure shows a giant positive JMR at 10 K (∼2279%) that gradually decreases at higher temperatures. The temperature dependent spin polarization, spin diffusion length and spin life time have been estimated for our heterostructure showing a maximum at 60 K (∼0.77, 470 nm and 127 ps, respectively). The origin of the JMR has been best explained by standard spin injection/extraction and spin accumulation theory in n-Si. The JMR value for our heterostructure saturates at a much lower external magnetic field as compared to reported other heterostructures, thus making it a better choice for magnetic diodes in spintronics.
A unified model for the permittivity and thermal conductivity of epoxy based composites
Authors: Tsekmes I A , Kochetov R , Morshuis P H F , Smit J J 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In this paper, three-dimensional models are presented that were developed for both the relative permittivity and the thermal conductivity of composites based on epoxy in an attempt to understand the way in which modified fillers interact with epoxy. Various ceramics were used as fillers, namely magnesium oxide, aluminium nitride, aluminium oxide, hexagonal boron nitride and cubic boron nitride with an average particle size between 22 and 150 nm. The concept of the models is mainly based on two competing mechanisms, i.e., polymer re-organization and water uptake. These were realized in the models by assuming two interfacial layers around the particles, an inner and an outer layer. The former refers to water uptake and the latter demonstrates the influence of the matrix by the presence of surface modified particles and exhibits different properties than both the filler and polymer matrix. The thickness of the inner layer is constant while the outer layer thickness has a dynamic behaviour which strongly depends on the interparticle distance and thus, on the filler content. The same assumptions were made for both models and an accurate fit was achieved between the experimental data and model results.