bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of alternative cover systems using GIS
Authors: Coonrod Julie , Stormont John , Vantassell Lisa 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to determine and display the depths of native soil covers required for waste containment sites. Readily available data for the State of New Mexico are used in a GIS environment to determine the required depth of two separate cover systems. The depth of an evapotranspirative (ET) soil cover is determined using the available water capacity of the soil and the amount of dormant precipitation. The thickness of a capillary barrier cover system is determined using unsaturated hydraulic parameters, the amount of dormant precipitation, and an iterative numerical model. A difference map showing the savings using a capillary barrier instead of an ET cover is then created. The use of a capillary barrier in areas with fine-grained soils can decrease the necessary soil cover thickness by 90 cm of soil. The computed cover thickness compare well with those determined using Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) (Schroeder et al., 1994), a model commonly used in New Mexico to determine if alternative cover systems can meet the required performance criteria.
Effects of anisotropic transmissivity on a contaminant plume at Nemo, South Dakota
Authors: Rahn Perry H. , Johnson Christopher S. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In 1996 low concentrations of ethylene dibromide (EDB) were found in thirteen domestic water wells in Precambrian metamorphic rocks at Nemo, South Dakota. The source of the contaminant is believed to be the result of pesticides disposed at a U.S. Forest Service Work Station area in the 1970s. Monitoring wells were installed and ground water from nine of them contained EDB. Sixteen additional wells within three kilometers of Nemo were sampled but EDB was not detected. Water in two domestic wells one kilometer south-southeast of Nemo had high concentrations, 13 and 2.2 micrograms per liter of EDB. The impacted landowners were initially provided bottled water by the USFS. The USFS then drilled new wells outside of the contaminant plume which now provide water to the impacted landowners. An equipotential map indicates that ground water should flow easterly. However the contaminant plume extends towards the south-southeast, in the direction as the foliation in the Precambrian phyllite and quartzite at Nemo. This foliation strongly influences the direction of contaminant migration. Based on an equipotential map and the known plume orientation, a graphical solution of the transmissivity anisotropy indicates that the major transmissivity is oriented N 10 degrees W and is approximately 0.73 m 2 /d. The minor transmissivity is 0.13 m 2 /d. A computer solution utilizing anisotropic transmissivity generated a plume which agrees with the field data.
Characteristics of deep-seated landslides of Hokkaido; analyses of a database of landslides of Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Yamagishi Hiromitsu , Ito Yoji , Kawamura Makoto 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
More than 12,800 deep-seated landslides of Hokkaido were inventoried by photointerpretation, and plotted in topographic maps (Yamagishi,1993). They were later published in a database of land-slides (Yamagishi et al.,1997), which is composed of localities (latitude and longitude), scales (length, width and area), elevation, directions, and geologic lithofacies of the main scarp and underlying bedrock. Several parameters of the landslides from the database, such as frequency histograms, scale, elevation, direction and lithofacies were analyzed. As a result, landslide distribution maps from many points of view were obtained, as well as many graphs by numerical analyses.
A combined GIS and HEC model for the analysis of the effect of urbanization on flooding; the Swan Creek watershed, Ohio
Authors: Wiles Jason J. , Levine Norman S. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of changes in land-use on the hydrology of the Swan Creek watershed in Lucas County, Ohio, over a thirty-year period. The study presents the GIS based runoff models and the HEC-RAS Flood analysis for the watershed. The runoff modeling was performed using a modification of the rational formula first proposed by Rossmiller in 1980. The C factor (land use) in the rational equation (Q = CIA) is modified to account for land use, soil type and slope factors. Four model runs for each of the land-use coverages were created based on the statistical precipitation recurrence intervals: P 10 , P 25 , P 50 , P 100 (a total of 12 model runs). The models differed only in the basic land-use classifications for each decade of interest. The runoff analysis predicts that increased runoff volumes in the watershed are directly related to increasing urbanization. The study showed that runoff volumes of a P 100 storm in 1973 of certain sub-basins has the equivalent runoff of a P 10 storm in 1995. The flood modeling was performed in the Army Corps of Engineer's Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). Twelve model runs were also created in HEC-RAS to evaluate the effect of the land-use changes in each of the time periods for each of the storms. The study showed that flood extent of a P 50 storm in 1973 across the watershed has the equivalent flood extent of a P 10 storm in 1995. The flood modeling predicts that the Swan Creek hydrologic system responds more quickly and severely today to events that would have been smaller in the past.
Observations on brucite formation and the role of brucite in Iowa highway concrete deterioration
Authors: Lee Hyomin , Cody Robert D. , Cody Anita M. , Spry Paul G. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Iowa highway concretes containing reactive dolomite, (CaMg) 2 CO 3 , aggregate, composed of fine-grained, microporous dolomite, sometimes have service lives of less than 10 years. This premature deterioration may, in part, be caused by expansive forces created by newly formed minerals such as brucite, Mg (OH) 2 , in the cement paste as a result of dedolomitization of reactive dolomite coarse aggregate. Although calcite is the most abundant secondary mineral in cements of poorly-performing concretes, the present study found no evidence that it was expansionary. Brucite is common but less abundant than calcite and occurred chiefly in and near the margins of reactive dolomite in both the aggregate and cement paste of poorly-performing concretes. Most brucite occurs in partially dedolomitized rims around dolomite coarse aggregates. This type of brucite is widely disseminated through the rims, consists of extremely small (<1 m) microcrystalline masses, and was produced by direct precipitation from pore solutions. Smaller amounts of brucite occur in the cement paste. This type is relatively coarse-grained (10 mu m-20 mu m) and most was formed primarily by crystal surface mediated (topochemical) reactions between magnesium-rich pore solutions and portlandite, Ca(OH) 2 . Numerous microcracks are present in cement paste but are not spatially associated with brucite locations. There is no direct evidence for cracking caused by brucite but this is not conclusive evidence against brucite-induced expansion. Brucite is widely disseminated so that expansion at innumerable micro-locations may cause general concrete expansion which should be relieved by cracking at weaker locations in the concretes.
A laboratory investigation of some factors affecting the stability of a mine in the Eastern Transvaal coalfield, South Africa
Authors: Bell Fred G. , Jermy Colin A. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The stability of roofs and floors in pillared coal mines is affected by a number of properties of the strata above and below the coal seam which is worked. These include the lithological character of the rocks, the sedimentary features contained within them, the geomechanical properties of the rocks, notably their strength and deformation moduli, the durability of the rocks on exposure, and the incidence and geometry of discontinuities. Instability also can be associated with the development of excessive methane and water pressures in the strata surrounding a worked coal seam. Accordingly, rock-core material was obtained from a mine in the Eastern Transvaal Coalfield in order to investigate the influence of certain of these properties on the stability of the roof and floor of the mine. The investigation showed the existence of a number of sedimentary facies that had different geological characteristics and geomechanical properties. A large number of compressive and tensile strength tests were carried out on the rock-core material, as was permeability testing. The latter was undertaken using an Ohle cell, a Bernaix cell and a Hoek triaxial cell. The permeating fluids were nitrogen, methane and water, except in the case of the Hoek cell in which only methane was used. The Hoek cell allowed permeability to be determined under different stress conditions. In addition, the geodurability of the rocks of the argillaceous facies also was determined. The compressive and tensile strength of the various facies varied notably and the latter frequently showed significant anisotropy. Permeability tended to increase with increasing grain size in the coarser-grained facies whereas the opposite tended to occur in the fine-grained facies when tested with gas. The application of stress brought about a decrease in permeability. In the Bernaix cell, divergent flow was greater than convergent flow. The tensile stress that developed during divergent flow testing with water caused some specimens to fail. The durability indicated that some of the argillaceous material was of very poor quality.
Complement a la diagnose de Chlamys baumassensis; Catzigras et Babinot, 1965
Authors: Demarcq Gerard , Catzigras France , Barbillat Roger , Babinot J. Francois 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Miocene (Burdigalian) pelecypod, taxonomy review, Port-de-Bouc, Bouches-du-Rhone, France (for original paper, see Soc. Geol. Fr., C. R., 1965, p. 56-57)
Note sur un pleuronectiforme nouveau conserve au Service geologique de Tunisie; numidiopleura enigmatica nov. gen., nov. sp
Authors: Gaudant Mireille , Gaudant Jean 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Cretaceous or Tertiary fossil fish, intermediate between Psettodoidei and Pleuronectoidei, anatomical study, Thala, Kasserine district, western Tunisia
Description sommaire d'un sondage dans la chaine de Martigues (Bouches-du-Rhone)
Authors: Dufaure Philippe , Ferrat Jean , Laumondais Alain , Mille Max 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Jurassic, Cretaceous, lithostratigraphy, faunal assemblages, series not in sequence, structural hypotheses, France
Sur un bassin de flysch; stratigraphie et paleogeographie des flyschs cretaces de la Lombardie (versant sud des Alpes orientales, Italie)
Authors: Aubouin Jean , Sigal Jacques , Berland Jean Pierre , Blanchet Rene , Bonneau Michel , Cadet Jean Paul , Guillot Pierre Louis , Lacour Alain , Piat Bernard , Vicente Jean Claude 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Lithostratigraphy, correlation, Cretaceous, Tertiary, paleogeography, sedimentation, tectonics
Donnees stratigraphiques et structurales sur les formations telliennes d'une partie du Tell septentrional (secteur compris entre Cherchell, Miliana, El Asnam et Tenes, Algerie)
Authors: Lepvrier Claude , Magne Jean , Sigal Jacques 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Neocomian to Lutetian, two units, several tectonic phases, nappes and gravity tectonics, foraminifera
Reapparition en fenetre de l'autochtone Hahouner-Debar a l'Est de Guelma, aux environs de la station du Nador; feuille au 1/50 000 de Gounod-La Mahouna, Nord-Est du Constantinois, Algerie
Authors: Vila Jean-Marie 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Triassic and Jurassic-Cretaceous series, Oligo-Miocene cover, unconformities, tectonics
Influence du milieu sur le mode de reproduction de Cythereis? castellanensis, Ostracode nouveau de Cenomanien-Turonien de la Foux (Basses-Alpes)
Authors: Donze Pierre 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
New species of Trachyleberidinae, normal and inverse forms, sex ratio = 1, syngamic reproduction, parallelism with pelagic organisms, France
Essai sur la geologie des Dinarides
Authors: Aubouin Jean , Blanchet Rene , Cadet Jean-Paul , Celet Paul , Charvet Jacques , Chorowicz Jean , Cousin Michel , Rampnoux Jean-Paul 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Paleogeography and structure, evolution, geosynclinal period, zones, postgeosynclinal zones, basins, overthrusts, two major movements, flysch, correlation with Albania, Greece, Apennines and Alps
Etude preliminaire des massifs granitiques en Haut Limousin occidental (Massif central francais)
Authors: Dutreuil Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Gneissic series, two groups, granodiorites of Piegut-Pluviers Massif, granites with two micas of Saint-Mathieu and Saint-Saud Massifs, anatexis
Les eclogites et roches associees des massifs basiques de Saint-Joseph (monts du Lyonnais, Massif central francais)
Authors: Coffrant Denis , Piboule Michel 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Laccolithic massifs differentiated to gabbros and serpentinites, regional metamorphism (P-T conditions), plagioclase pyroxenite with omphacite, no garnet coronite
Precisions sur la paleogeographie des Alpes meridionales: la "sous-zone subtridentine" (Val di Non, Ouest des Dolomites de Brenta, provinces de Trento et Bolzano, Italie)
Authors: Ferriere Jacky , Mariotti Andre 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Stratigraphy and tectonics, Mesozoic, ostracods, foraminifera, algae, Mollusca, dolomitization
Presence sur le socle kabyle du Constantinois d'un olistostrome lie au charriage des flyschs; le Numidien peut-il etre un neo-autochtone?
Authors: Bouillin Jean-Pierre , Raoult Jean-Francois 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Oligocene-Miocene, dated by foraminifera, thrusts, flysch, klippes, stratigraphy and geometry
Idees actuelles sur la constitution, l'origine et l'evolution des assemblages ophiolitiques mesogeens
Authors: Juteau Thierry , Lapierre Henriette , Nicolas Adolphe , Parrot Jean-Francois , Ricou Luc-Emmanuel , Rocci Georges , Rollet Michel 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This note was published as an abstract under the pseudonym Mesorian, Herve
La dissolution des carbonates en milieu oceanique; son role dans la genese des depots pelagiques pendant le Cenozoique
Authors: Leclaire L. , Clocchiatti M. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A review of previous works complemented with new data from the Indian Ocean at all latitudes indicates that the CCD is variable in the three main oceans following latitudes and basins. Despite the fact that the CCD is not directly related to the carbonate equilibrium in sea water, it seems probable that the degree of undersaturation of deep waters acts on the rate of dissolution of calcium carbonate contained in the sediments. Finally, the CCD would depend on the rate of dissolution and also on the rate of sedimentation. The CCD which delineates also the red clays-calcareous oozes boundary is presently controlled by surface water productivity (biochemical calcium carbonate precipitation rate), by interoceanic mixings of deep bottom waters and by river discharges. During the Quaternary, changes in the CCD are thought to be controlled by climatic fluctuations from which depend the rate of the calcareous biochemical precipitation and the river runoff. Correlations developed in this paper show that the Cenozoic climatic fluctuations (especially the Neogene and Quaternary ones) would have caused fast and high CCD fluctuations. (Auth. mod.)
Contribution a l'etude du volcanisme de l'arc des Nouvelles-Hebrides; caracterisation de deux series magmatiques de l'ile d'Erromango
Authors: Marcelot G. , Lefevre C. , Maillet P. , Maury R. C. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The volcanic series of Mt Rantop and Robertson's Thumb, Erromango Island, New Hebrides, formed by fractional crystallization of orogenic basaltic magma of near-island-arc tholeiitic type. Differentiation was controlled mainly by separation of plagioclase, olivine and clinopyroxene. The Mt Rantop series is predominantly tholeiitic (plagioclase at the liquidus, late appearance of magnetite, pigeonite in microphenocrysts, and Fe and Ti remaining constant or increasing in the early stages of differentiation); those of Robertson's Thumb are mostly calc-alkaline (magnetite at the liquidus, late appearance of plagioclase, olivine quickly becoming unstable, orthopyroxene in phenocrysts and early decrease of Fe and Ti). The compositional differences reflect higher fO &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and PH &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; O in Robertson's Thumb during fractional crystallization.
Mise en place et evolution magmatique des complexes plutoniques de la caldera de Courbet, ile Kerguelen (T.A.A.F.)
Authors: Giret A. , Lameyre J. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The two plutonic intrusions of the caldera of the Courbet Peninsula in Kerguelen Island present different styles of emplacement and trends of differentiation. In the Montagnes Vertes intrusion, which illustrates a cauldron subsidence process of emplacement, the petrographic evolution is centripetal; it evolves gradually from outer basic rocks to differentiated rocks in the core, following an alkaline and weakly silica undersaturated trend. In the Mamelles intrusion, which shows good evidence of diapirism, the differentiates are silica-saturated or oversaturated and overlay the basic rocks. Such evolution is consistent with amphibole fractionation and this process suggests an intense water/magma interaction. (Auth.)
Dechirures continentales et plutonisme; Etude petrologique et structurale comparee de l'association ignee de Guevgueli (Macedoine grecque) et des formations plutoniques basiques situees en bordure nord du Massif des Ballons (Vosges, France)
Authors: Andre Francis , Bebien Jean 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The Guevgueli igneous association and the Ballons massif are intrusive into a rhyolitic volcaniclastic series. They both contain gabbro-dioritic cumulates and abundant magmatic breccias containing melanocratic microgranular and leucocratic granular rocks. Two distinct parageneses, formed under different PH &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; O, one with bytownite, the other with amphibole + or - biotite + or - ferro-titanian oxides, control the magmatic differentiation processes. Structural studies reveal diastrophisms which favoured a water contribution from the sialic country rocks during magmatic crystallization. An emplacement in continental fractures accounts for the distinctive features of these rocks.
Prevalence of Detectable C-Peptide According to Age at Diagnosis and Duration of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Davis Asa K. , DuBose Stephanie N. , Haller Michael J. , Miller Kellee M. , DiMeglio Linda A. , Bethin Kathleen E. , Goland Robin S. , Greenberg Ellen M. , Liljenquist David R. , Ahmann Andrew J. , Marcovina Santica M. , Peters Anne L. , Beck Roy W. , Greenbaum Carla J. 
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE
It is generally accepted that complete β-cell destruction eventually occurs in individuals with type 1 diabetes, which has implications for treatment approaches and insurance coverage. The frequency of residual insulin secretion in a large cohort of individuals at varying ages of diagnosis and type 1 diabetes duration is unknown.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The frequency of residual insulin secretion was determined by measurement of nonfasting serum C-peptide concentration in 919 individuals with type 1 diabetes according to prespecified groups based on age at diagnosis and duration of disease (from 3 to 81 years' duration). Stimulated C-peptide was measured in those with detectable nonfasting values and a group of those with undetectable values as control.

RESULTS
The overall frequency of detectable nonfasting C-peptide was 29%, decreasing with time from diagnosis regardless of age at diagnosis. In all duration groups, the frequency of C-peptide was higher with diagnosis age &gt;18 years compared with ≤18 years. Nineteen percent of those with undetectable nonfasting C-peptide were C-peptide positive upon stimulation testing.

CONCLUSIONS
The American Diabetes Association’s definition of type 1 diabetes as “usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency” results in clinicians often considering the presence of residual insulin secretion as unexpected in this population. However, our data suggest that residual secretion is present in almost one out of three individuals 3 or more years from type 1 diabetes diagnosis. The frequency of residual C-peptide decreases with time from diagnosis regardless of age at diagnosis, yet at all durations of disease, diagnosis during adulthood is associated with greater frequency and higher values of C-peptide.
Upside-Down Mask Ventilation Technique for a Patient With a Long and Narrow Mandible
Authors: Sanuki Takuro , Watanabe Toshihiro , Ozaki Yu , Tachi Mizuki , Kiriishi Kensuke , Mishima Gaku , Kawai Mari , Okayasu Ichiro , Kurata Shinji , Ayuse Takao 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Mask ventilation, along with tracheal intubation, is one of the most basic skills for managing an airway during anesthesia. Facial anomalies are a common cause of difficult mask ventilation, although numerous other factors have been reported. The long and narrow mandible is a commonly encountered mandibular anomaly. In patients with a long and narrow mandible, the gaps between the corners of the mouth and the lower corners of the mask are likely to prevent an adequate seal and a gas leak may occur. When we administer general anesthesia for these patients, we sometimes try to seal the airway using several sizes and shapes of commercially available face masks. We have found that the management of the airway for patients with certain facial anomalies may be accomplished by attaching a mask upside down.
Applications of Electrical Capacitance Tomography for Research on Phenomena Occurring in the Fluidised Bed Reactors
Authors: Porzuczek Jan 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The paper presents a review of current achievements in the Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) in relation to its possible applications in the study of phenomena occurring in fluidised bed reactors. Reactors of that kind are being increasingly used in chemical engineering, energetics (fluidised bed boilers) or industrial dryers. However, not all phenomena in the fluidised bed have been thoroughly understood. This results in the need to explore and develop new research methods. Various aspects of ECT operation and data processing are described with their applicability in scientific research. The idea for investigation of temperature distribution in the fluidised bed, using multimodal tomography, is also introduced. Metrological requirements of process tomography such as sensitivity, resolution, and speed of data acquiring are noted.
A New Device for Characterisation of the Drainage Kinetics of Fibrous Suspensions Under Gravity
Authors: Przybysz Piotr , Kuncewicz Czesław , Rieger František 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Gravity dewatering of fibrous suspension is one of basic technological operations in paper production process. Although there are numerous methods to determine dewatering of such suspensions, none of them can measure undisturbed flow of removed water. In the paper the idea and design of a new apparatus for the determination of drainage rate of fibrous suspensions is presented. The apparatus differs from other known devices by minimisation of filtrate flow resistance in the outlet part of the equipment. In the second part of the paper measurements of the drainage rate have been presented. The flow resistance of the fluid through the bottom wire screen in the device was determined. The calculated flow resistance will be used in the developed model of dynamic drainage of fibrous suspensions, which will be discussed in our following paper (Przybysz et al., 2014).