bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated meta‐QTL and in silico transcriptome assessment pinpoint major genomic regions responsible for spike length in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Yang Changgang , Zhang Xueting , Wang Shihong , Liu Na 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpike length (SL) is one of the major contributors to wheat yield. Uncovering major genetic regions affecting SL is an integral part of elucidating the genetic basis of wheat yield traits and goes further pivotal for marker‐assisted selection breeding. A genome‐wide meta‐quantitative trait locus (MQTL) analysis of wheat SL resulted in the refinement of 48 MQTLs using 227 initial QTLs retrieved from previous studies published over the past decades. The average confidence interval (CI) of these MQTLs amounted to a 5.16‐fold reduction compared to the mean CI of the initial QTLs. As many as 2240 putative candidate genes (CGs) were identified from the MQTL intervals using transcriptomics data in silico of wheat, of which 58 CGs were identified based on wheat–rice homology analysis. For the key CG affecting SL, a functional kompetitive allele‐specific PCR (KASP) marker, TaPP2C‐3B‐KASP, was developed to distinguish TaPP2C‐3B‐Hap I and TaPP2C‐3B‐Hap II based on the single nucleotide polymorphism at the 272 bp (A/G). The frequency of the elite allelic variation TaPP2C‐3B‐Hap II with high SL remained relatively stable at about 49.62% from the 1960s to 1990s. Integration of MQTL analysis and in silico transcriptome data led to a significant increase in the reliability of CGs for the genetic regulation of wheat SL, and the haplotype analysis for key CGs TaPP2C‐3B of SL provided insights into the biological function of the TaPP2C‐3B gene.
Comparing research attitudes in Down syndrome and non‐Down syndrome research decision‐makers
Authors: Lu Thuy V. , Campos Paola , Leader Sean , Lee Xavier , Xu Helena , Doran Eric , Grill Joshua D , Lott Ira T. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONRecruitment challenges in people with and without Down syndrome (DS) can delay research progress and risk sample bias. This study identified and quantified differences in research attitudes across populations of research enrollment decision‐makers for individuals with and without DS.METHODSWe performed analyses using data from two registries: the University of California, Irvine Consent‐to‐Contact (C2C) Registry and DS‐Connect. The former represented a sample of non‐DS decision‐makers (N = 4818), while for the latter, we excluded individuals with DS, leaving a population of DS family decision‐makers (N = 976). We assessed scores on the Research Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ) between DS and non‐DS decision‐makers. We compared total RAQ scores using linear regression and assessed item‐level RAQ differences using proportional odds regression.RESULTSMean total RAQ scores were not statistically different between decision‐makers in the two registries, after adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) time frame (Est. Diff = 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: ‐0.22, 0.43; p = 0.531). However, in a pre‐specified analysis, we did find evidence of differential attitudes on item‐level RAQ scores. Specifically, decision‐makers for participants with DS had increased odds of a more favorable response to the question of responsibility to help others (DS vs. non‐DS: odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.48) and decreased odds of a more favorable response to the question regarding the belief that medical research would find cures for major diseases during their lifetime (DS vs. non‐DS: OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.90).DISCUSSIONOur findings provide insights for researchers to develop strategies for recruiting individuals with and without DS into clinical research. The observed item‐level differences warrant further investigation to instruct precise recruitment strategies.Highlights
Research attitudes between decision‐makers for individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and decision‐makers without DS were observed to be similar on average.
Item‐level differences in research attitudes were observed to differ for DS and non‐DS decision‐makers.
These results can help facilitate precise recruitment strategies for populations with DS.
Intergovernmental Relations and Refugee Language Training in Finland and Sweden: A Conflicted Policy Process
Authors: Rauhut Daniel , Kettunen Pekka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses how language training for refugees is implemented by the local authorities in Finland and Sweden. The responsibility, production and financing of this specific integration service, language training, is distributed over a multitude of actors in a multidimensional governance structure. We apply a conceptual framework based on intergovernmental relations and conflictual policy processes. The findings suggest that intergovernmental relations are characterized by conflicted policy processes between the actors involved in the multidimensional governance structure. Our conclusion is that insufficient financing and unclear responsibilities lead to a conflicted policy process vertically as well as horizontally.
Privacy Promise Vs. Tracking Reality in Pay-or-Tracking Walls
Authors: Müller-Tribbensee Timo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEuropean websites increasingly adopt pay-or-tracking walls, sometimes known as “consent or pay models,” “cookie paywalls,” or “pay-or-okay walls.” These walls require users to pay a fee or consent to be tracked in exchange for website access. However, initial evidence suggests that websites might continue to track users even when they pay the fee, constituting user deception. This paper comprehensively assesses whether websites employing pay-or-tracking walls keep their privacy promise to paying users as stated on the pay-or-tracking wall and safeguard their privacy. Data collection and analysis from 341 websites show that while websites reduce tracking for paying users, 32.9% of the websites fail to uphold the privacy promise declared on their pay-or-tracking wall. 80% of these websites could meet their privacy commitments by removing just one or two trackers. Notably, a group of websites offering a joint subscription allowing access to all participating websites better keeps their privacy promises than others, likely due to the implementation of an ongoing control mechanism that regularly detects tracker usage. The results show that implementing tracking-free websites remains challenging and might require continuous efforts.
Publikations- und Rezeptionsanalyse von drei medizinischen Fakultäten unter Berücksichtigung der LOM
Authors: Aman Valeria 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag steht die bibliometrische Publikations- und Rezeptionsanalyse von drei medizinischen Fakultäten in Deutschland im Fokus. Die Bibliometrie nutzt primär Publikations- und Zitationsdaten für ihre Analysen, die in Publikations- und Zitationsdatenbanken wie Web of Science oder Scopus enthalten sind. Bibliometrische Indikatoren werden zumeist in quantitative Indikatoren zur Messung der Produktivität eingeteilt und in Leistungsindikatoren, die einen Proxy für die Messung von Qualität darstellen.
Altmetrics zur Evaluation medizinischer Forschung in Deutschland
Authors: Lemke Steffen , Witthake Anne , Peters Isabella 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungMit der zunehmenden Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Publikationen in elektronischen Formaten sowie der immer stärkeren Durchsetzung des Berufsalltags vieler Forschender mit webbasierten Tools und Plattformen gehen rasant anwachsende Möglichkeiten einher, Interaktionen mit wissenschaftlichen Erzeugnissen in Online-Umgebungen zu messen. Aus den verschiedenen Versuchen, einen solche Messungen zusammenfassenden Begriff zu etablieren, hat sich das Kofferwort Altmetrics – für alternative metrics – weitgehend durchgesetzt.
Duality between U × U and O × USp theories from A3 = D3
Authors: Kubo Naotaka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the duality between the ABJ(M) theory at Chern-Simons level k = 4 and the orientifold ABJ theory at Chern-Simons level k = 1 by using the S3 partition function. The partition function can be computed using the supersymmetric localization in terms of a matrix model, and we derive an ideal Fermi gas system by applying the Fermi gas formalism to the matrix model. By using this formalism, we show that the matrix model can be embedded in the partition function of $$ \hat{A} $$

A
̂

3 or $$ \hat{D} $$

D
̂

3 quiver theories, and the equality of these quiver theories, which comes from $$ \hat{A} $$

A
̂

3 = $$ \hat{D} $$

D
̂

3, leads to exact relations of the matrix models. These exact relations can be used to check the identification of the flavor symmetries. The perfect agreement between the matrix models also implies that no decoupled sector is needed.
Fermionic UV models for neutral triple gauge boson vertices
Authors: Cepedello Ricardo , Esser Fabian , Hirsch Martin , Sanz Veronica 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Searches for anomalous neutral triple gauge boson couplings (NTGCs) provide important tests for the gauge structure of the standard model. In SMEFT (“standard model effective field theory”) NTGCs appear only at the level of dimension-8 operators. While the phenomenology of these operators has been discussed extensively in the literature, renormalizable UV models that can generate these operators are scarce. In this work, we study a variety of extensions of the SM with heavy fermions and calculate their matching to d = 8 NTGC operators. We point out that the complete matching of UV models requires four different CP-conserving d = 8 operators and that the single CPC d = 8 operator, most commonly used by the experimental collaborations, does not describe all possible NTGC form factors. Despite stringent experimental constraints on NTGCs, limits on the scale of UV models are relatively weak, because their contributions are doubly suppressed (being d = 8 and 1-loop). We suggest a series of benchmark UV scenarios suitable for interpreting searches for NTGCs in the upcoming LHC runs, obtain their current limits and provide estimates for the expected sensitivity of the high-luminosity LHC.
Kripke-Joyal forcing for type theory and uniform fibrations
Authors: Awodey Steve , Gambino Nicola , Hazratpour Sina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe introduce a new method for precisely relating algebraic structures in a presheaf category and judgements of its internal type theory. The method provides a systematic way to organise complex diagrammatic reasoning and generalises the well-known Kripke-Joyal forcing for logic. As an application, we prove several properties of algebraic weak factorisation systems considered in Homotopy Type Theory.
Longitudinal Cough Frequency Monitoring in Persistent Coughers: Daily Variability and Predictability
Authors: Chung Kian Fan , Chaccour Carlos , Jover Lola , Galvosas Mindaugas , Song Woo-jung , Rudd Matthew , Small Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We determined the cough counts and their variability in subjects with persistent cough for 30 days.

Methods
The Hyfe cough tracker app uses the mobile phone microphone to monitor sounds and recognizes cough with artificial intelligence-enabled algorithms. We analyzed the daily cough counts including the daily predictability rates of 97 individuals who monitored their coughs over 30 days and had a daily cough rate of at least 5 coughs per hour.

Results
The mean (median) daily cough rates varied from 6.5 to 182 (6.2 to 160) coughs per hour, with standard deviations (interquartile ranges) varying from 0.99 to 124 (1.30 to 207) coughs per hour among all subjects. There was a positive association between cough rate and variability, as subjects with higher mean cough rates (OLS) have larger standard deviations. The accuracy of any given day for predicting all 30 days is the One Day Predictability for that day, defined as the percentage of days when cough frequencies fall within that day’s 95% confidence interval. Overall Predictability was the mean of the 30-One Day Predictability percentages and ranged from 95% (best predictability) to 30% (least predictability).

Conclusion
There is substantial within-day and day-to-day variability for each subject with persistent cough recorded over 30 days. If confirmed in future studies, the clinical significance and the impact on the use of cough counts as a primary end-point of cough interventions of this variability need to be assessed.
A Cloud-Based System for Automated AI Image Analysis and Reporting
Authors: Chatterjee Neil , Duda Jeffrey , Gee James , Elahi Ameena , Martin Kristen , Doan Van , Liu Hannah , Maclean Matthew , Rader Daniel , Borthakur Arijitt , Kahn Charles , Sagreiya Hersh , Witschey Walter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Although numerous AI algorithms have been published, the relatively small number of algorithms used clinically is partly due to the difficulty of implementing AI seamlessly into the clinical workflow for radiologists and for their healthcare enterprise. The authors developed an AI orchestrator to facilitate the deployment and use of AI tools in a large multi-site university healthcare system and used it to conduct opportunistic screening for hepatic steatosis. During the 60-day study period, 991 abdominal CTs were processed at multiple different physical locations with an average turnaround time of 2.8 min. Quality control images and AI results were fully integrated into the existing clinical workflow. All input into and output from the server was in standardized data formats. The authors describe the methodology in detail; this framework can be adapted to integrate any clinical AI algorithm.
Efficacy, durability, and safety of faricimab with extended dosing up to every 16 weeks in diabetic macular edema: 2-year results from the Japan subgroup of the phase 3 YOSEMITE trial
Authors: Shimura Masahiko , Oh Hideyasu , Ueda Tetsuo , Kitano Shigehiko , Mitamura Yoshinori , Sato Junko , Iwasaki Keisuke , Hirakata Akito ,   for the YOSEMITE and RHINE Investigators
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the 2-year efficacy, durability, and safety of faricimab in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in the YOSEMITE Japan subgroup.

Study design
YOSEMITE/RHINE (NCT03622580/NCT03622593) subgroup analysis: global, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, active-comparator–controlled, phase 3 faricimab trials.

Methods
Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to intravitreal faricimab 6.0 mg every 8 weeks (Q8W) and per treat-and-extend (T&E) dosing, or aflibercept 2.0 mg Q8W. Outcomes were assessed through year 2 for the YOSEMITE Japan subgroup (N = 60) and the pooled YOSEMITE/RHINE global cohort (N = 1891).

Results
In the YOSEMITE Japan subgroup, 21, 19, and 20 patients were randomized to faricimab Q8W, faricimab T&E, and aflibercept Q8W, respectively (632, 632, and 627 patients in the pooled YOSEMITE/RHINE cohort). Vision gains and anatomic improvements with faricimab at year 1 were maintained over 2 years and were generally consistent between groups. Mean best-corrected visual acuity changes from baseline at year 2 (weeks 92–100 average) for the YOSEMITE Japan subgroup were +12.5, +9.0, and +5.0 letters in the faricimab Q8W, faricimab T&E and aflibercept Q8W arms, respectively (+10.8, +10.4, and +10.3 letters in the pooled YOSEMITE/RHINE cohort). At week 96, 61.1% of the YOSEMITE Japan subgroup and 78.1% of the pooled YOSEMITE/RHINE cohort were on ≥ Q12W dosing. Faricimab was well-tolerated with a safety profile comparable with aflibercept.

Conclusion
Faricimab up to Q16W offered durable vision gains and anatomic improvements up to 2 years in patients with DME in the YOSEMITE Japan subgroup. Outcomes were generally consistent with the pooled YOSEMITE/RHINE cohort.
Topological Quantum Field Theories and Homotopy Cobordisms
Authors: Torzewska Fiona 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe construct a category $${\textrm{HomCob}}$$
HomCob
whose objects are homotopically 1-finitely generated topological spaces, and whose morphisms are cofibrant cospans. Given a manifold submanifold pair (M, A), we prove that there exists functors into $${\textrm{HomCob}}$$
HomCob
from the full subgroupoid of the mapping class groupoid $$\textrm{MCG}_{M}^{A}$$

MCG

M

A

, and from the full subgroupoid of the motion groupoid $$\textrm{Mot}_{M}^{A}$$

Mot

M

A

, whose objects are homotopically 1-finitely generated. We also construct a family of functors $${\textsf{Z}}_G:{\textrm{HomCob}}\rightarrow {\textbf{Vect}}$$

Z
G

:
HomCob
→
Vect

, one for each finite group G. These generalise topological quantum field theories previously constructed by Yetter, and an untwisted version of Dijkgraaf–Witten. Given a space X, we prove that $${\textsf{Z}}_G(X)$$

Z
G

(
X
)

can be expressed as the $${\mathbb {C}}$$
C
-vector space with basis natural transformation classes of maps from $$\pi (X,X_0)$$

π
(
X
,

X
0

)

to G for some finite representative set of points $$X_0\subset X$$

X
0

⊂
X

, demonstrating that $${\textsf{Z}}_G$$

Z
G

is explicitly calculable.
A randomised trial comparing 6-monthly adjuvant zoledronate with a single one-time dose in patients with early breast cancer
Authors: Awan Arif Ali , Stober Carol , Pond Gregory R. , Machado Igor , Clemons Lucas , Conter Henry , Simos Demetrios , Dhesy-Thind Sukhbinder , Mates Mihaela , Kumar Vikaash , Hilton John , Savard Marie-France , Fergusson Dean , Vandermeer Lisa , Clemons Mark ,   the REaCT Investigators
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
While adjuvant bisphosphonate use in early breast cancer (EBC) is associated with improvements in breast cancer-specific outcomes, questions remain around optimal bisphosphonate type, dose and scheduling. We evaluated a single zoledronate infusion in a prospective randomised trial.

Methods
Postmenopausal patients with EBC were randomised to receive a single infusion of zoledronate (4 mg IV) or 6-monthly treatment for 3 years. Outcomes measured were; Quality of Life (QoL; EQ-5D-5L), bisphosphonate-related toxicities, including acute phase reactions (APRs), recurrence-free survival (RFS), bone metastasis-free survival (BMFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
211 patients were randomized to either a single infusion (n = 107) or six-monthly treatment (n = 104). After 3 years of follow up there were no significant differences between the arms for QoL and most toxicity endpoints. APRs following zoledronate occurred in 81% (171/211) of patients (77.6% in single infusion arm and 84.6% in the 6-monthly group). While the frequency of APRs decreased over 3 years in the 6-monthly arm, they still remain common. Of 34/104 (32.7%) patients who discontinued zoledronate early in the 6-monthly treatment group, the most common reason was APRs (16/34, 47%). At the 3 year follow up, there were no differences between arms for RFS, BMFS or OS.

Conclusion
A single infusion of zoledronate was associated with increased patient convenience, less toxicity, and lower rates of treatment discontinuation. Despite the common clinical impression that APRs decrease with time, this was not observed when patients were specifically questioned. While the study is not powered for non-inferiority, longer-term follow-up for confirmation of RFS and OS rates is ongoing.
Validation of the ND-PAE Diagnosis in Children with Heavy Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
Authors: Veziris Christina R. , Hyland Matthew T. , Kable Julie A. , Wozniak Jeffrey R. , Coles Claire D. , May Philip A. , Kalberg Wendy O. , Sowell Elizabeth R. , Jones Kenneth L. , Riley Edward P. , Mattson Sarah N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated criteria for neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE). Kable et al. (Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 55:426, 2022) assessed the validity of this diagnosis in a sample with low exposure to alcohol. The current study expanded this assessment to a sample with a wider age range and heavier alcohol exposure. Data were collected from participants (5–17 years) with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and typically developing controls at six Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders sites using neuropsychological assessment and caregiver reports. Impairment was tested at 1SD, 1.5SD, and 2SD below the normative average and a modification of the adaptive functioning requirement was tested. Testing impairment at 1SD resulted in the highest endorsement rates in both groups. Our findings replicated the study by Kable et al. and show that current criteria captured a high rate of those with PAE and that requiring fewer adaptive functioning criteria resulted in higher sensitivity to PAE.
Industrial adoption of machine learning techniques for early identification of invalid bug reports
Authors: Laiq Muhammad , Ali Nauman bin , Börstler Jürgen , Engström Emelie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the accuracy of machine learning (ML) techniques in predicting invalid bug reports, as shown in earlier research, and the importance of early identification of invalid bug reports in software maintenance, the adoption of ML techniques for this task in industrial practice is yet to be investigated. In this study, we used a technology transfer model to guide the adoption of an ML technique at a company for the early identification of invalid bug reports. In the process, we also identify necessary conditions for adopting such techniques in practice. We followed a case study research approach with various design and analysis iterations for technology transfer activities. We collected data from bug repositories, through focus groups, a questionnaire, and a presentation and feedback session with an expert. As expected, we found that an ML technique can identify invalid bug reports with acceptable accuracy at an early stage. However, the technique’s accuracy drops over time in its operational use due to changes in the product, the used technologies, or the development organization. Such changes may require retraining the ML model. During validation, practitioners highlighted the need to understand the ML technique’s predictions to trust the predictions. We found that a visual (using a state-of-the-art ML interpretation framework) and descriptive explanation of the prediction increases the trustability of the technique compared to just presenting the results of the validity predictions. We conclude that trustability, integration with the existing toolchain, and maintaining the techniques’ accuracy over time are critical for increasing the likelihood of adoption.
For the society as a whole: higher education and the public good in Poland
Authors: Szadkowski Krystian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Using a qualitative case study of the Polish higher education system, the article problematises the relationship between higher education and the public good. It emerges from an international comparative study including 11 national cases and contributes to the growing body of literature on the cultural specificities of the public good(s) in national higher education systems. Seeing the public good as a holistic ideal, transcendent to the higher education reality, it traces different meanings with which it is filled by main actors of the system: policymakers, representatives of collegial bodies, faculty and managers at two public universities (33 semi-structured interviews). The article discusses the public good in Poland in four areas: its general definition, the state’s role in higher education, and national and global contributions. Contradictions exposed in the study of Polish higher education’s discourses on the public good (national vs. global; state vs. academic community; mass higher education vs. elite higher education) serve the purpose of further elaborating the concept.