bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oriented Synthesis of Glycine from CO2, N2, and H2O via a Cascade Process
Authors: Kong Xiangdong , Liu Chunxiao , Xu Zifan , Zhao Jiankang , Ni Jie , Li Hongliang , Zheng Tingting , Xia Chuan , Geng Zhigang , Zeng Jie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAir contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen elements that are essential for the constitution of amino acids. Converting the air into amino acids, powered with renewable electricity, provides a green and sustainable alternative to petrochemical‐based methods that produce waste and pollution. Here, taking glycine as an example, we demonstrated the complete production chain for electrorefining amino acids directly from CO2, N2, and H2O. Such a prospective Scheme was composed of three modules, linked by a spontaneous C−N bond formation process. The high‐purity bridging intermediates, separated from the stepwise synthesis, boosted both the carbon selectivity from CO2 to glycine of 91.7 % and nitrogen selectivity from N2 to glycine of 98.7 %. Under the optimum condition, we obtained glycine with a partial current density of 160.8 mA cm−2. The high‐purity solid glycine product was acquired with a separation efficiency of 98.4 %. This work unveils a green and sustainable method for the abiotic creation of amino acids from the air components.
Unusual Cross‐Conjugation in Cyclic Dipeptide‐Based Building Blocks for Donor–Acceptor Semiconducting Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Wang Sijing , Ye Feng , Wang Jingyi , Ding Riqing , Peng Meishan , Li Jia‐Tong , Luan Yidan , Liao Jiaqiang , Guo Zi‐Hao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCross conjugation, though prevalent in many organic compounds, is typically considered less effective for electron delocalization compared to linear conjugation. Consequently, it is rarely used as the backbone structure for semiconducting conjugated polymers. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel building block, TIDP, which features a central cyclic dipeptide with cross conjugation characteristics. Strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions confer TIDP with a highly rigid and coplanar conformation. Importantly, theoretical calculations reveal that π electrons are well delocalized across the entire structure, despite its low aromaticity. Conjugated polymers incorporating TIDP exhibit high charge carrier mobilities, demonstrating the effective π electrons delocalization of this innovative building block. Our findings show that with rational design, cross conjugation can achieve effective π electrons delocalization, providing a valuable approach for developing high‐performance conjugated polymers for organic electronic materials.
Design of Ultra‐Narrow Bandgap Polymer Acceptors for High‐Sensitivity Flexible All‐Polymer Short‐Wavelength Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Chen Xiaofeng , Zhu Yu , Xu Yan , Rao Mei , Pang Pengfei , Zhang Bo , Xu Chenhui , Ni Wang , Li Guanghui , Wu Jishan , Li Miaomiao , Chen Yongsheng , Geng Yanhou 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAll‐polymer photodetectors possess unique mechanical flexibility and are ideally suitable for the application in next‐generation flexible, wearable short‐wavelength infrared (SWIR, 1000–2700 nm) photodetectors. However, all‐polymer photodetectors commonly suffer from low sensitivity, high noise, and low photoresponse speed in the SWIR region, which significantly diminish their application potential in wearable electronics. Herein, two polymer acceptors with absorption beyond 1000 nm, namely P4TOC‐DCBT and P4TOC‐DCBSe, were designed and synthesized. The two polymers possess rigid structure and good conformational stability, which is beneficial for reducing energetic disorder and suppressing dark current. Owing to the efficient charge generation and ultralow noise current, the P4TOC‐DCBT‐based all‐polymer photodetector achieved a specific detectivity (
) of over 1012 Jones from 650 (visible) to 1070 nm (SWIR) under zero bias, with a response time of 1.36 μs. These are the best results for reported all‐polymer SWIR photodetectors in photovoltaic mode. More significantly, the all‐polymer blend films exhibit good mechanical durability, and hence the P4TOC‐DCBT‐based flexible all‐polymer photodetectors show a small performance attenuation (<4 %) after 2000 cycles of bending to a 3 mm radius. The all‐polymer flexible SWIR organic photodetectors are successfully applied in pulse signal detection, optical communication and image capture.
A Thermally Populated Germylene‐Based Donor‐Acceptor Diradical
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhang Yuchen , Wang Tao , Pei Runbo , Zhao Yue , Xue Xiao‐Song , Wang Xinping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis work reports synthesis of a germylene based donor‐acceptor molecule and its thermal excitation to a triplet state by coordination with a Lewis acid. Products have been characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, EPR spectroscopy, and SQUID measurement, in conjunction with DFT calculation. The singlet‐triplet energy gap of the donor‐acceptor molecule is dramatically reduced from −18.8 to −7.2 kcal/mol by the coordination with B(C6F5)3 (BCF), which enables an intramolecular single electron transfer from one germylene moiety to another upon heating, forming an intramolecular radical ion pair with diradical character. The work provides an approach to the formation of thermally populated open‐shell species of heavier main group elements.
In situ Cyclization of Aromatic Thioethers in Emissive Materials to Generate Phosphorescent Dibenzothiophenes
Authors: Schmiedtchen Marco , Maisuls Iván , Siera Hannah , Balszuweit Jan , Wölper Christoph , Giese Michael , Haberhauer Gebhard , Strassert Cristian A. , Voskuhl Jens 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this contribution, we explored the photocyclization of thioethers to highly substituted dibenzothiophenes (DBT) using solely UV‐light without any need for additives. This cost‐effective, robust and environmentally friendly approach yielded phosphorescent compounds, which were characterized by X‐ray crystallography and state‐of‐the‐art photophysical methods. The resulting DBTs feature ultralong photoluminescence lifetimes and quantum yields close to unity in frozen glassy matrices. The reaction mechanism was elucidated in detail through a combination of quantum chemical calculations and experimental results, providing evidence that triplet states are involved in the cyclization process. Additionally, the photoreaction can also be induced within materials. For this purpose, the precursors were integrated into polymer films or polymer resins suitable for 3D printing. Irradiation of these polymeric objects allows motifs with ultralong phosphorescence to be irreversibly inscribed through the proceeding photocyclization. The in situ photogeneration of DBTs from aromatic thioethers overcomes the observed incompatibilities regarding solubility in polymer resins for 3D printing.
Strong Metal‐Support Interaction Triggered by Molten Salts
Authors: Guo Wei , Zhao Guoqiang , Huang Zixiang , Luo Zhouxin , Zheng Xusheng , Gao Mingxia , Liu Yongfeng , Pan Hongge , Sun Wenping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStrong metal‐support interaction (SMSI) plays a vital role in tuning the geometric and electronic structures of metal species. Generally, a high‐temperature treatment (>500 °C) in reducing atmosphere is required for constructing SMSI, which may induce the sintering of metal species. Herein, we use molten salts as the reaction media to trigger the formation of high‐intensity SMSI at reduced temperatures. The strong ionic polarization of the molten salt promotes the breakage of Ti−O bonds in the TiO2 support, and hence decreases the energy barrier for the formation of interfacial bonds. Consequently, a high‐intensity SMSI state is achieved in TiO2 supported Ir nanoclusters, evidenced by a large number of Ir−Ti bonds at the interface, at a low temperature of 350 °C. Moreover, this method is applicable for triggering SMSI in various supported metal catalysts with different oxide supports including CeO2 and SnO2. This newly developed SMSI construction methodology opens a new avenue and holds significant potential for engineering advanced supported metal catalysts toward a broad range of applications.
Oxygen‐doped Carbon Nitrides with Visible Room‐temperature Phosphorescence and Invisible Thermal‐Stimuli‐Responsive Ultraviolet Delayed Fluorescence for Security Applications
Authors: Tong Xinyuan , Wu Yongjian , Jiang Kai , Jiang Jun , Xu Yixuan , Feng Linger , Wang Xiaomeng , Du Jiaren , Lin Hengwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMulti‐mode emissive materials with stimuli‐responsive producing invisible signals are very attractive for advanced security applications, but development of such materials remains highly challenging. In this work, oxygen‐doped carbon nitrides (O‐CNs) are prepared via microwave‐assisted heating of urea, which exhibit ultraviolet (UV) solid‐state fluorescence (SSFL), visible room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and thermal‐stimuli production of invisible UV delayed fluorescence (DF) properties. Further studies confirmed that the SSFL and RTP could be attributed to the introduction of oxygen functional group (e. g., C=O) in the skeleton of O‐CNs, thus minimizing the aggregation caused quenching effect, facilitating intersystem crossing, and stabilizing the excited triplet states. The specific thermal‐stimuli production of UV DF is deemed to be the relatively large energy gap between ground and excited singlet states as well as an effective triplet‐triplet annihilation. Notably, the emission maximum of UV DF locates at ~310 nm with an ultra‐narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) down to 19 nm, so it is completely invisible to the naked eyes, but detectable by a UV camera. To employ the unique characteristics of O‐CNs, security protection strategies with superior concealment by virtue of the thermal‐stimuli quenching visible RTP and meanwhile producing invisible UV DF are demonstrated.
Cu‐W bimetallic nanoparticles decorated g‐C3N4 sheets: Facile construction and characterization for perception of dopamine in sensing application
Authors: Arulraj Selvam , Mohammad Yusuff Sheik Muhideen Badhusha , Rajaram Muthuchudarkodi , Almoallim Hesham Saleh , Aljawdah Hossam Mohammed , Alwarkurichi Munusamy Murugan , Hussein‐Al‐Ali Samer Hasan , Abualassal Qais , Abudayeh Zead Helmi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we present the development and analysis of electrochemical sensors utilizing graphitic carbon nitride copper‐tungsten nanoparticles (g‐C3N4 @Cu‐W Nps) capped with various cationic surfactants of differing chain lengths and counter ions. The fabricated nanoparticles underwent thorough characterization to assess their morphological, structural, and compositional attributes, revealing their uniformity, spherical morphology, and monoclinic crystal phases. Subsequently, these nanoparticles were employed in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors for hydrazine detection. A comprehensive comparison of the electrochemical responses, evaluated via cyclic voltammetry, was conducted between sensors utilizing bare nanoparticles and those capped with surfactants.
OTUD6B promotes cholangiocarcinoma growth by regulating STAT3 phosphorylation through deubiquitination of PTK2
Authors: Xing Guoqiang , Chen Hekai , Guo Zhiyue , Cui Yu , Li Yongyuan , Shen Jianwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a hepatobiliary carcinoma with uncontrolled cell proliferation, poor prognosis, and high mortality. The ovarian tumor structural domain (OTU) containing protein 6B (OTUD6B) belongs to the OTU deubiquitin family and is vital in tumor development. However, its expression and biological function in CCA remain unknown. The expression of OTUD6B in CCA was analyzed using TIMER2.0, UALCAN, and GEO databases. MTT, clonal formation assay, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry staining, and flow cytometry examined the regulation of OTUD6B on cell proliferation, cycle, and apoptosis. The effects of OTUD6B on tumor volume and weight were assessed using the xenograft tumor model. The activities of PTK2 and STAT3 were detected by western blot and CO‐IP. The biological database identified that OTUD6B was upregulated in CCA. In CCA cells, OTUD6B knockdown reduced CCA cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis indicated that the cycle stopped at the G0/G1 phase after OTU6B downregulation. Furthermore, OTUD6B knockdown resulted in a decrease in tumor volume and weight in xenograft tumor models. Mechanistically, OTUD6B is involved in the deubiquitination of PTK2. PTK2 further affected the phosphorylation of STAT3 thereby regulating the CCA process. Our study demonstrates that OTUD6B knockdown participates in the ubiquitination of PTK2 and phosphorylation of STAT3 to alleviate the process of CCA. These results suggest that OTUD6B may be a potential new strategy for CCA treatment.
Prediction of clinical prognosis and drug sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma through the combination of multiple cell death pathways
Authors: Chen QingKun , Zhang ChenGuang , Meng Tao , Yang Ke , Hu QiLi , Tong Zhong , Wang XiaoGang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignant tumor, highlighting a significant need for reliable predictive models to assess clinical prognosis, disease progression, and drug sensitivity. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of various programmed cell death pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, parthanatos, lysosome‐dependent cell death, autophagy‐dependent cell death, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, and disulfidptosis, in tumor development. Therefore, by investigating these pathways, we aimed to develop a predictive model for HCC prognosis and drug sensitivity. We analyzed transcriptome, single‐cell transcriptome, genomic, and clinical information using data from the TCGA‐LIHC, GSE14520, GSE45436, and GSE166635 datasets. Machine learning algorithms were used to establish a cell death index (CDI) with seven gene signatures, which was validated across three independent datasets, showing that high CDI correlates with poorer prognosis. Unsupervised clustering revealed three molecular subtypes of HCC with distinct biological processes. Furthermore, a nomogram integrating CDI and clinical information demonstrated good predictive performance. CDI was associated with immune checkpoint genes and tumor microenvironment components using single‐cell transcriptome analysis. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that patients with high CDI may be resistant to oxaliplatin and cisplatin but sensitive to axitinib and sorafenib. In summary, our model offers a precise prediction of clinical outcomes and drug sensitivity for patients with HCC, providing valuable insights for personalized treatment strategies.
In situ N‐doped Bi3O4Br/(BiO)2CO3 ultrathin nanojunctions with matched energy band structure for nonselective photocatalysis pollutant removal
Authors: Di Jun , Liu Yi‐Ling , Zhang Yi , Guo Sha‐Sha , Wang Su‐Wei , Jiang Wei , Li Hua‐Ming , Xia Jie‐Xiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNovel N‐doped Bi3O4Br/(BiO)2CO3 ultrathin nanojunctions have been prepared. Alkalization dehalogenation was performed to form Bi3O4Br, surfactant was employed to control the ultrathin thickness, and few‐layers of C3N4 as a sacrificial agent were used to build the N‐doped (BiO)2CO3. The photocatalytic behavior of the achieved N‐doped Bi3O4Br/(BiO)2CO3 ultrathin nanojunctions was evaluated through the degradation of antibiotic agent ciprofloxacin, tetracycline hydrochloride, and endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A as well as typical dye rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. The matched energy band structure between Bi3O4Br and (BiO)2CO3 could endow the highly efficient interfacial charge separation, thus leading to excellent nonselective photocatalytic behavior. The structure design in this system will open new windows for the reasonable design of other photocatalysts.
Synthesis of Porous Carbon Honeycomb Structures Derived from Hemp for Hybrid Supercapacitors with Improved Electrochemistry
Authors: Minakshi Manickam , Mujeeb Agha , Whale Jonathan , Evans Richard , Aughterson Rob , Shinde Pragati A. , Ariga Katsuhiko , Shrestha Lok Kumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEnergy storage in electrochemical hybrid capacitors involves fast faradaic reactions such as an intercalation, or redox process occurring at a solid electrode surface at an appropriate potential. Hybrid sodium‐ion electrochemical capacitors bring the advantages of both the high specific power of capacitors and the high specific energy of batteries, where activated carbon serves as a critical electrode material. The charge storage in activated carbon arises from an adsorption process rather than a redox reaction and is an electrical double‐layer capacitor. Advanced carbon materials with interconnecting porous structures possessing high surface area and high conductivity are the prerequisites 1128to qualify for efficient energy storage. Herein, we have demonstrated that a porous honeycomb structure activated carbon derived from Australian hemp hurd (Cannabis sativa L.) in aqueous Na2SO4 electrolyte showed a specific capacitance of 240 F/g at 1 A/g. The mass ratio of biochar to KOH during the chemical activation associated with the synthesis temperature influences the change in morphologies, and distribution of pore sizes on the adsorption of ions. At higher synthesis temperatures, the tubular form of the honeycomb starts to disintegrate. The hybrid sodium‐ion device employing hemp‐derived activated carbon (HAC) coupled with electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) in an aqueous Na2SO4 electrolyte showed a specific capacitance of 95 F/g at 1 A/g having a capacitance retention of 90 %. The hybrid device (HAC||EMD) can possess excellent electrochemical performance metrics, having a high energy density of 38 Wh/kg at a power density of 761 W/kg. Overall, this study provides insights into the influence of the activation temperature and the KOH impregnation ratio on morphology, porosity distribution, and the activated carbon's electrochemical properties with faster kinetics. The high cell voltage for the device is devoted to the EMD electrode.
Corporate social responsibility in the era of government subsidies: A novel empirical perspective on market competitiveness
Authors: Khurshid Adnan , Cifuentes‐Faura Javier , Hongbin Ying , Saleem Sardar Fawad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) is essential for businesses as it builds reputation and stakeholder trust, drives innovation, and contributes to social welfare. This study evaluates the impact of government support on CSR under various scenarios, using a dataset of 98 listed companies from Bangladesh and 111 from China between 2011 and 2023. Theoretical links are established by constructing a model representing an oligopolistic market of privately owned firms. The results suggest that the introduction of government support motivates private firms to comply with social obligations. This theoretical claim is supported by product market competition, which acts as an intermediary. The effect is evident across the whole lifespan of the firm. Furthermore, the correlation is stronger concerning competitive industries, businesses without political ties, and low‐ and medium‐size government subsidies. The results also show that the main channel through which government subsidies affect CSR is product market competition; however, the evidence is country‐specific. This suggests that the efficient allocation of financial resources is of great importance in this situation.
Biphasic Production of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in a Recyclable Deep Eutectic Solvent‐based System Catalyzed by H4SiW12O40
Authors: Thanheuser Nico , Groteguth Jonas T. , Leitner Walter , Esteban Jesús , Vorholt Andreas J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe reaction with in situ extraction to yield 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from d‐fructose (Fru) was investigated using a biphasic system based on a self‐consuming deep eutectic solvent (DES) as reaction phase. The significance of choline chloride (ChCl), a cost‐effective and safe quaternary ammonium salt, was evident in enhancing HMF yield through fructose dehydration and concurrently suppressing side reactions. The DES system demonstrated fast reactions with high selecivities and recyclability across five cycles. The observed decline in H4SiW12O40 activity, primarily due to proton leaching, was successfully restored with the addition of HCl. Furthermore, ChCl exhibited ease of recrystallization in the presence of acetonitrile. This research proposes an environmentally friendlier approach for HMF production through a reusable‐biphasic process. The presented reaction system suppresses completely the formation of levulinic and formic acid leading to HMF yields of up to 84 % of selectivities of up to 88 % after 30 minutes at 80 °C. The system was recycled over 16 runs and after an initial slight loss of activity the system in the run 0–5, run 6–15 has shown a constant HMF output as in the first recycling run.
OMIP‐106: A 30‐color panel for analysis of check‐point inhibitory networks in the bone marrow of acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Musil Jan , Ptacek Antonin , Vanikova Sarka 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of acute leukemia diagnosed in adults. Despite advances in medical care, the treatment of AML still faces many challenges, such as treatment‐related toxicities, that limit the use of high‐intensity chemotherapy, especially in elderly patients. Currently, various immunotherapeutic approaches, that is, CAR‐T cells, BiTEs, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, are being tested in clinical trials to prolong remission and improve the overall survival of AML patients. However, early reports show only limited benefits of these interventions and only in a subset of patients, showing the need for better patient stratification based on immunological markers. We have therefore developed and optimized a 30‐color panel for evaluation of effector immune cell (NK cells, γδ T cells, NKT‐like T cells, and classical T cells) infiltration into the bone marrow and analysis of their phenotype with regard to their differentiation, expression of inhibitory (PD‐1, TIGIT, Tim3, NKG2A) and activating receptors (DNAM‐1, NKG2D). We also evaluate the immune evasive phenotype of CD33+ myeloid cells, CD34+CD38−, and CD34+CD38+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by analyzing the expression of inhibitory ligands such as PD‐L1, CD112, CD155, and CD200. Our panel can be a valuable tool for patient stratification in clinical trials and can also be used to broaden our understanding of check‐point inhibitory networks in AML.