bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic Variation, Inheritance, and Parent-of-Origin Effects of Cytosine Methylation in Maize (Zea mays)
Authors: Lauria Massimiliano , Piccinini Sara , Pirona Raul , Lund Gertrud , Viotti Angelo , Motto Mario 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPure epigenetic variation, or epigenetic variation that is independent of genetic context, may provide a mechanism for phenotypic variation in the absence of DNA mutations. To estimate the extent of pure epigenetic variation within and across generations and to identify the DNA regions targeted, a group of eight plants derived from a highly inbred line of maize (Zea mays) was analyzed by the methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) technique. We found that cytosine methylation (mC) differences among individuals accounted for up to 7.4% of CCGG sites investigated by MSAP. Of the differentially methylated fragments (DMFs) identified in the S0 generation, ∼12% were meiotically inherited for at least six generations. We show that meiotically heritable mC variation was consistently generated for an average of 0.5% CCGG sites per generation and that it largely occurred somatically. We provide evidence that mC variation can be established and inherited in a parent-of-origin manner, given that the paternal lineage is more prone to both forward and reverse mC changes. The molecular characterization of selected DMFs revealed that the variation was largely determined by CG methylation changes that map within gene regions. The expression analysis of genes overlapping with DMFs did not reveal an obvious correlation between mC variation and transcription, reinforcing the idea that the primary function of gene-body methylation is not to control gene expression. Because this study focuses on epigenetic variation in field-grown plants, the data presented herein pertain to spontaneous epigenetic changes of the maize genome in a natural context.
Manufacturing Method of Large-Scale Fractured Porous Media for Experimental Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Liu Yuetian , Ding Zupeng , Ao Kun , Zhang Yong , Wei Jun 
Published: December 2013

Summary
A new manufacturing method for a fractured porous model for macroscopic experimental simulation of an oil reservoir is presented to reduce significantly the uncertainty of reservoir numerical simulation. Large numbers of small-cube rocks with the same size made from natural rocks of selected outcrops are bonded in specific ways to form a big rock. The bonded faces among the small rocks compose a 3D fracture system in the big rock. The big rock is the fractured porous medium of the models for experimental reservoir simulation. Every small rock exists as a particle of the fractured medium. Because the number, size, and positions of small rocks can be adjusted optionally, the size and shape of the fractured media can also be adjusted optionally. With the selection of suitable rocks, adhesives, and bonding patterns, the distributions of physical properties in fractured media (e.g., fracture density, permeability, porosity, imbibition) are quantitatively controlled, and they can be heterogeneous and anisotropic in accordance with objective reservoirs. Experimental models made of the fractured media can fully satisfy similarity criteria. The application example in this paper showed that experimental models can be used not only to simulate and forecast directly the exploitation processes of the fractured porous-media reservoirs but also to verify and/or modify numerical reservoir simulation.
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study at 30 Years: Overview
Authors: Nathan David M. ,   for the DCCT/EDIC Research Group
Published: December 2013

OBJECTIVE
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) was designed to test the glucose hypothesis and determine whether the complications of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) could be prevented or delayed. The Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) observational follow-up determined the durability of the DCCT effects on the more-advanced stages of diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease (CVD).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The DCCT (1982–1993) was a controlled clinical trial in 1,441 subjects with T1DM comparing intensive therapy (INT), aimed at achieving levels of glycemia as close to the nondiabetic range as safely possible, with conventional therapy (CON), which aimed to maintain safe asymptomatic glucose control. INT utilized three or more daily insulin injections or insulin pump therapy guided by self-monitored glucose. EDIC (1994–present) is an observational study of the DCCT cohort.

RESULTS
The DCCT followed &gt;99% of the cohort for a mean of 6.5 years and demonstrated a 35–76% reduction in the early stages of microvascular disease with INT, with a median HbA1c of 7%, compared with CONV, with a median HbA1c of 9%. The major adverse effect of INT was a threefold increased risk of hypoglycemia, which was not associated with a decline in cognitive function or quality of life. EDIC showed a durable effect of initial assigned therapies despite a loss of the glycemic separation (metabolic memory) and demonstrated that the reduction in early-stage complications during the DCCT translated into substantial reductions in severe complications and CVD.

CONCLUSIONS
DCCT/EDIC has demonstrated the effectiveness of INT in reducing the long-term complications of T1DM and improving the prospects for a healthy life span.
An extension of Babbage’s criterion for primality
Authors: Meštrović Romeo 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Let n > 1 and k > 1 be positive integers. We show that if $$\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c}
{n + m} \\
n \\

\end{array} } \right) \equiv 1 (\bmod k)$$ for each integer m with 0 ≤ m ≤ n − 1, then k is a prime and n is a power of this prime. In particular, this assertion under the hypothesis that n = k implies that n is a prime. This was proved by Babbage, and thus our result may be considered as a generalization of this criterion for primality.
Affine maps of state spaces and state spaces of K
0 groups
Authors: Zhu Xiaosheng 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Let φ be a homomorphism from the partially ordered abelian group (S, v) to the partially ordered abelian group (G, u) with φ(v) = u, where v and u are order units of S and G respectively. Then φ induces an affine map φ* from the state space St(G, u) to the state space St(S, v). Firstly, in this paper, we give some suitable conditions under which φ* is injective, surjective or bijective. Let R be a semilocal ring with the Jacobson radical J(R) and let π: R → R/J(R) be a canonical map. We discuss the affine map (K
0
π)*. Secondly, for a semiprime right Goldie ring R with the maximal right quotient ring Q, we consider the relations between St(R) and St(Q). Some results from [ALFARO, R.: State spaces, finite algebras, and skew group rings, J. Algebra 139 (1991), 134–154] and [GOODEARL, K. R.-WARFIELD, R. B., Jr.: State spaces of K
0
of noetherian rings, J. Algebra 71 (1981), 322–378] are extended.
The Dirichlet problem for elliptic equations in weighted Sobolev spaces on unbounded domains of the plane
Authors: Boccia Serena , Salvato Maria , Transirico Maria 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This paper deals with the Dirichlet problem for second order linear elliptic equations in unbounded domains of the plane in weighted Sobolev spaces. We prove an a priori bound and an existence and uniqueness result.
On equiconvergence of number series
Authors: Zeltser M. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In many classical tests for convergence of number series monotonicity of terms of series is a basic assumption. It was shown by Liflyand, Tikhonov and Zeltser that many of these tests are applicable not only to monotone sequences but also to those from a wider class, called weak monotone. Being more general this class still does not allow zeros and too much oscillation. In this paper we extend the class of weak monotonicity to include the mentioned cases and verify that the convergence tests considered by the mentioned authors still hold on this weaker assumption.
A note on trans-Sasakian manifolds
Authors: Deshmukh Sharief , Tripathi Mukut 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we obtain some sufficient conditions for a 3-dimensional compact trans-Sasakian manifold of type (α, β) to be homothetic to a Sasakian manifold. A characterization of a 3-dimensional cosymplectic manifold is also obtained.
A note on λ-compact spaces
Authors: Karamzadeh O. , Namdari M. , Siavoshi M. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
We extend the well-known and important fact that “a topological space X is compact if and only if every ideal in C(X) is fixed”, to more general topological spaces. Some interesting consequences are also observed. In particular, the maximality of compact Hausdorff spaces with respect to the property of compactness is generalized and the topological spaces with this generalized property are characterized.
Effects of phyllotaxy on biomechanical properties of stems of Cercis occidentalis (Fabaceae)
Authors: Caringella Marissa A. , Bergman Brett A. , Stanfield Ryan C. , Ewers Madeleine M. , Bobich Edward G. , Ewers Frank W. 
Published: December 2013

• Premise of the study: Phyllotaxy, the arrangement of leaves on a stem, may impact the mechanical properties of woody stems several years after the leaves have been shed. We explored mechanical properties of a plant with alternate distichous phyllotaxy, with a row of leaves produced on each side of the stem, to determine whether the nodes behave as spring‐like joints.• Methods: Flexural stiffness of 1 cm diameter woody stems was measured in four directions with an Instron mechanical testing system; the xylem of the stems was then cut into node (former leaf junction) and nonnode segments for measurement of xylem density.• Key results: Stems had 20% greater flexural stiffness in the plane perpendicular to the original leaf placement than in the parallel plane. The xylem in the node region was more flexible, but it had significantly greater tissue density than adjacent regions, contradicting the usual correlation between wood density and stiffness.• Conclusions: Nodes can behave as spring‐like joints in woody plants. For plagiotropic shoots, distichous phyllotaxy results in stems that resist up‐and‐down bending more than lateral back‐and‐forth movement. Thus, they may more effectively absorb applied loads from fruits, animals, wind, rain, and snow and resist stresses due to gravity without cracking and breaking. Under windy conditions, nodes may improve damping by absorbing vibrational energy and thus reducing oscillation damage. The effect of plant nodes also has biomimetic design implications for architects and material engineers.
Écouter les fans écouter
Authors: Segré Gabriel 
Published: December 2013

Les fans de Presley écoutent beaucoup et souvent les disques du chanteur, qui leur procurent un vif plaisir et une grande émotion. Pour rendre raison de cette émotion et éclairer les conséquences et effets de cette écoute, il est nécessaire d’appréhender l’écoute comme une performance, résultat d’une initiation, d’une construction de soi comme auditeur, et de la relier à tout un ensemble de représentations de cette musique, de son interprète – Presley – et de soi comme auditeur-fan. Il faut également étudier les différents contextes d’écoute, ainsi que les « usages » et « intentions » des auditeurs. L’objectif de ce texte est ainsi de mettre en lumière ce que les fans « font » à la musique de Presley, et ce qu’elle leur fait en retour, en rendant compte de la réalité complexe de l’écoute, comprise à la fois comme performance et comme histoire, et qui engage le corps, le cœur, l’esprit, les sens, et met en jeu le je et toutes les dimensions de l’existence du fan.
Comparer l’incomparable ?
Authors: Kaltenecker Martin 
Published: December 2013

Je tente de dessiner dans cet article quelques croisements possibles entre l’analyse des musiques savantes et celle des musiques populaires. J’inscris cette perspective dans un découpage des œuvres en éléments ou zones qui s’adressent à des types d’auditeurs, virtuels ou actuels, différents : un aspect structural visant l’auditeur futur ou l’analyste, un aspect de communication au moyen d’images et d’affects, visant une communauté d’écoute réelle et ad hoc, et un aspect visant l’auditeur en tant que corps. Chacune des ces zones, articulées de manière différente dans les musiques savantes et les musiques populaires, peut être mieux cernée si l’on combine les approches analytiques des deux domaines.
L’« attention parfaite » ou l’écoute du chant irlandais.
Authors: Poulet Charlotte 
Published: December 2013

Dans les pubs d’Irlande, alors que la musique se laisse simplement entendre, le chant est l’objet d’une attention auditive singulière : une « attention parfaite », telle que la qualifient ses acteurs. En effet, les concerts et sessions participent à la dimension festive de la soirée sans pour autant être « écoutés », le volume sonore des conversations s’intensifiant au gré de l’ambiance. Le chant, survenant, lui, au cœur de ces discussions animées provoque, à l’inverse, une posture solennelle d’écoute se traduisant par un silence d’une rare intensité et une tension émotionnelle perceptible. L’objet musical seul ne peut justifier ces différentes attitudes puisque les chansons alors chantées connaissent d’autres contextes d’interprétation où elles ne suscitent pas la même réception. À travers quelques éléments ethnographiques, cet article se propose de revenir sur ces postures d’écoute différenciées et d’interroger la notion d’ « attention parfaite ». Qu’est-ce que l’« attention parfaite » et en quoi participe-t-elle à la mise en « œuvre » des chansons ?
« You can dance, you can jive… »
Authors: Crenn Gaëlle 
Published: December 2013

Comment le musée se propose-t-il aujourd’hui comme lieu d’écoute de la musique populaire ? Par la mise en regard de l’exposition « Abbaworld » et des expositions récemment proposées au Musée de la musique à Paris, nous proposons d’explorer les dimensions de l’expérience d’écoute de la musique populaire au musée. Nous indiquons comment le dispositif expositionnel construit le visiteur à la fois comme récepteur et public d’un propos culturel, d’un contenu musical, et d’une pratique. Nous détaillons la façon dont l’expérience de l’auditeur proposée par l’exposition « Abbaworld » dépasse les limites de l’écoute savante, écoute « séquestrée », caractérisée par la tension cérébrale et l’immobilisation des corps, de même que celle des muséographies habituellement produite par les musées, marquées par un discours hagiographique et requérant une compétence (literacy) essentiellement textuelle (visuelle et passant par le medium de l’écriture, plutôt qu’orale et musicale). Se créent probablement ainsi les conditions d’une écoute populaire des musiques populaires.
La Production du succès : une anti-musicologie de la chanson de variétés
Authors: Hennion Antoine 
Published: December 2013

Cet article passe en revue les divers éléments qui font une chanson de variétés : paroles, arrangement, voix, personnage, etc. Rien là qui alimente une musicologie de la chanson. Ces ingrédients sont fuyants, incertains. Ils ne valent pas par eux-mêmes, et aucun d’eux n’apporte de garantie de succès. L’analyse s’oriente vers leur mode de composition original, fait de prélèvements et de découpages, d’écoute et de négociation. Sur le mode du pari, loin de tout principe et de toute certitude, cette quête permanente de ce qui fait sens pour le public permet aux professionnels des variétés de recueillir, d’amplifier et d’exprimer la voix des sans-voix. Aux marges d’une histoire écrite par les puissants, la chanson appelle moins à faire une sociologie des variétés, qu’à écouter le social inconnu qu’elles nous font entendre.
Gap Junction Intercellular Communications Regulate NK Cell Activation and Modulate NK Cytotoxic Capacity
Authors: Tittarelli Andrés , Mendoza-Naranjo Ariadna , Farías Marcela , Guerrero Israel , Ihara Fumitaka , Wennerberg Erik , Riquelme Sebastian , Gleisner Alejandra , Kalergis Alexis , Lundqvist Andreas , López Mercedes N. , Chambers Benedict J. , Salazar-Onfray Flavio 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Gap junctions (GJs) mediate intercellular communication between adjacent cells. Previously, we showed that connexin 43 (Cx43), the main GJ protein in the immune system, mediates Ag transfer between human dendritic cells (DCs) and is recruited to the immunological synapse during T cell priming. This crosstalk contributed to T cell activation, intracellular Ca2+ responses, and cytokine release. However, the role of GJs in NK cell activation by DCs and NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells remains unknown. In this study, we found polarization of Cx43 at the NK/DC and NK/tumor cell-contact sites, accompanied by the formation of functional GJs between NK/DCs and NK/tumor cells, respectively. Cx43–GJ-mediated intercellular communication (GJIC) between human NK and DCs was bidirectional. Blockage of Cx43-GJIC inhibited NK cell activation, though it affected neither the phenotype nor the function of DCs. Cx43 knockdown or inhibition using mimetic peptides greatly reduced CD69 and CD25 expression and IFN-γ release by DC-stimulated NK cells. Moreover, blocking Cx43 strongly inhibited the NK cell–mediated tumor cell lysis associated with inhibition of granzyme B activity and Ca2+ influx. Our data identify a novel and active role for Cx43-GJIC in human NK cell activation and antitumor effector functions that may be important for the design of new immune therapeutic strategies.
B Cell–Specific Loss of Lyn Kinase Leads to Autoimmunity
Authors: Lamagna Chrystelle , Hu Yongmei , DeFranco Anthony L. , Lowell Clifford A. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The Lyn tyrosine kinase regulates inhibitory signaling in B and myeloid cells: loss of Lyn results in a lupus-like autoimmune disease with hyperactive B cells and myeloproliferation. We have characterized the relative contribution of Lyn-regulated signaling pathways in B cells specifically to the development of autoimmunity by crossing the novel lynflox/flox animals with mice carrying the Cre recombinase under the control of the Cd79a promoter, resulting in deletion of Lyn in B cells. The specific deletion of Lyn in B cells is sufficient for the development of immune complex–mediated glomerulonephritis. The B cell–specific Lyn-deficient mice have no defects in early bone marrow B cell development but have reduced numbers of mature B cells with poor germinal centers, as well as increased numbers of plasma and B1a cells, similar to the lyn−/− animals. Within 8 mo of life, B cell–specific Lyn mutant mice develop high titers of IgG anti–Smith Ag ribonucleoprotein and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies, which deposit in their kidneys, resulting in glomerulonephritis. B cell–specific Lyn mutant mice also develop myeloproliferation, similar to the lyn−/− animals. The additional deletion of MyD88 in B cells, achieved by crossing lynflox/floxCd79a-cre mice with myd88flox/flox animals, reversed the autoimmune phenotype observed in B cell–specific Lyn-deficient mice by blocking production of class-switched pathogenic IgG autoantibodies. Our results demonstrate that B cell–intrinsic Lyn-dependent signaling pathways regulate B cell homeostasis and activation, which in concert with B cell–specific MyD88 signaling pathways can drive the development of autoimmune disease.
Nanoparticle Adjuvant Sensing by TLR7 Enhances CD8+ T Cell–Mediated Protection from Listeria Monocytogenes Infection
Authors: Lebel Marie-Ève , Daudelin Jean-François , Chartrand Karine , Tarrab Esther , Kalinke Ulrich , Savard Pierre , Labrecque Nathalie , Leclerc Denis , Lamarre Alain 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Developing new adjuvants and vaccination strategies is of paramount importance to successfully fight against many life-threatening infectious diseases and cancer. Very few adjuvants are currently authorized for human use, and these mainly stimulate a humoral response. However, specific Abs are not sufficient to confer protection against persisting infections or cancer. Therefore, development of adjuvants and immunomodulators able to enhance cell-mediated immune responses represents a major medical need. We recently showed that papaya mosaic virus nanoparticles (PapMV), self-assembled from the coat protein of a plant virus and a noncoding ssRNA molecule, are highly immunogenic in mice. PapMV can be used either as a vaccine delivery platform, through fusion of various epitopes to the coat protein or as adjuvant to enhance humoral immune responses against coadministered Ags or vaccines. However, the mechanisms that confer these immunomodulatory properties to PapMV and its ability to enhance T cell vaccines remain unknown. Using immunization studies in mice, we demonstrate in this paper that PapMV represents a novel TLR7 agonist with strong immunostimulatory properties. More importantly, pretreatment with PapMV significantly improves effector and memory CD8+ T cell responses generated through dendritic cell vaccination increasing protection against a Listeria monocytogenes challenge.
Systematic Review of the Effects of Exercise on Activities of Daily Living in People With Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Rao Ashwini K. , Chou Aileen , Bursley Brett , Smulofsky Jaclyn , Jezequel Joel 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) results in a loss of independence in activities of daily living (ADLs), which in turn affects the quality of life of affected people and places a burden on caretakers. Limited research has examined the influence of physical training (aerobic, balance, and strength training) on ADL performance of people with AD.
METHOD. Six randomized controlled trials (total of 446 participants) fit the inclusion criteria. For each study, we calculated effect sizes for primary and secondary outcomes.
RESULTS. Average effect size (95% confidence interval) for exercise on the primary outcome (ADL performance) was 0.80 (p &lt; .001). Exercise had a moderate impact on the secondary outcome of physical function (effect size = 0.53, p = .004).
CONCLUSION. Occupational therapy intervention that includes aerobic and strengthening exercises may help improve independence in ADLs and improve physical performance in people with AD. Additional research is needed to identify specific components of intervention and optimal dosage to develop clinical guidelines.