bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Voice Development and the Quality of EFL Writing: A Study on First-Person Pronouns in the Revision Process
Authors: Wang Danbin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis article investigates the formative influence of voice on the argumentative writing performance of intermediate students of English. Its aim is to achieve a better understanding of how the students’ voice develops in the revision process in relation to the rubric and the essay scores. The data consist of Chinese sophomores’ multi-draft essays. As first-person pronouns are the most visible representation of a writer’s voice, this article gives a detailed description of the features and developmental patterns of first-person pronouns (FPPs). The results reveal that revision-induced changes in FPP can be beneficial to the quality of essay writing but only in a limited number of cases if the students are not formally instructed in voice, which carries pedagogical implications to empower students’ self-identity in EFL writing.
Structure and Properties of the Aluminide Coatings on the Inconel 625 Superalloy
Authors: Adamiak Stanisław , Bochnowski Wojciech , Dziedzic Andrzej , Filip Ryszard , Szeregij Eugeniusz 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe research samples used in this study were based on the Inconel 625 alloy; the examined samples were coated with aluminide films deposited in a low-activity chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The samples’ microstructure was investigated with optical and electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. Hardness measurements were performed using Vickers and Berkovich test methods. The adhesion of the aluminide coating was determined by fractography. It was shown that the fracture mechanism was different for the respective zones of the aluminide coating and the substrate material. The outer zone of the aluminide coating is characterized by an intercrystalline fracture, with a small contribution of transcrystalline fracture within individual grains (large crystallites in the bottom of the zone, composed of smaller crystallites, also show an intercrystalline fracture). The substrate material exhibited a ductile intercrystalline fracture. Based on this investigation, an increase of the microhardness of the material occurring at loads below 0.2 N was observed. When determining microhardness of aluminide coating it is necessary to take into account the optimal choice of the indentation tip.
Activity Monitoring Process based on Model-Driven Engineering – Application to Ambient Assisted Living
Authors: Simonin Jacques , Soulas Julie , Lenca Philippe 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe supervisor of the activities of a system user should benefit from the knowledge contained in the event logs of the user. They allow the monitoring of the sequential and parallel user activities. To make event logs more accessible to the supervisor, we suggest a process mining approach, including first the design of an understanding model of the activities of a system user. The model design is based on the relationships between the event logs and the activities of a system user. An intervention model completes the understanding model to assist the supervisor. The intervention model enables an action of the supervisor on the critical activities, and the detection of anomalies. The models are automatically designed with a model-driven engineering approach. An experiment on a smart home system illustrates this tooled design, where the supervisor is a medical or paramedical staff member.
Online Electromagnetic Filtration of Molten Aluminum Using a Multistage Separator System
Authors: Shu Da , Wang Jun , Sun Baode 
Published: February 2015

AbstractElectromagnetic filtration is a new method for the removal of micro-sized non-metallic inclusions from molten aluminum by means of an external electromagnetic field. This paper introduces a multistage electromagnetic filtration system using alternating magnetic field and its application in semi-continuous casting of aluminum billets. The inclusion content was quantitatively determined through PoDFA sampling and analysis. Results showed that the average efficiency of the removal of inclusion particles and oxide films could reach 93.8% and 80.9%, respectively. The content of inclusion particles without grain refiner could be decreased to a level of 0.02 mm2/kg aluminum, satisfying the requirements in terms of the cleanliness of high-quality aluminum products.
Effect of GnRHa 3.75 mg subcutaneously every 6 weeks on adult height in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty
Authors: Liang Yan , Wei Hong , Li Jie , Hou Ling , Zhang Jianling , Wu Wei , Ying Yanqin , Luo Xiaoping 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of triptorelin 3.75 mg subcutaneously every 6 weeks on the final height in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP).

Methods: Forty females with ICPP received triptorelin 3.75 mg every 6 weeks subcutaneously in our hospital from 2002 to December 2010 and reached their final heights were enrolled. These patients were treated with triptorelin alone (group A, n=17) or triptorelin+recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (group B, n=23). Height, weight, annual growth velocity (GV), sexual development, predicted adult height (PAH), and adverse effects were observed. Bone age (BA) and height standard deviation score (SDS) were monitored yearly.

Results: Final adult heights (FAHs) were 159.81±1.20 cm and 161.01±1.02 cm in group A vs. group B, which exceeded target height (THt) by 1.51±1.04 cm, 4.86±0.94 cm, respectively. The values of (FAH-THt), (FAH-PAH posttreatment) showed significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). FAH was positively correlated with Ht SDS-BA at the end of treatment, THt, course of rhGH treatment, and age of menarche (r2=0.66). Body mass index (BMI) increased after treatment in group B. However, there was no significant tendency of increase compared with healthy children at the same age. Ages of menarche and time to menarche from discontinuation were 11.74±0.16 vs. 12.18±0.15 years and 17.41±1.69 vs. 14.71±1.04 months in two groups.

Conclusion: The FAH was improved effectively by triptorelin 3.75 mg subcutaneously every 6 weeks, and more height gain could be achieved when rhGH was used concomitantly. BMI maintained steadily and ovarian function restored quickly after treatment discontinuation with the age of menarche similar to that of normal children. Neither significant side effect nor polycystic ovary syndrome was observed.
17α-Hydroylase/17,20-lyase deficiency related to P.Y27*(c.81C>A) mutation in CYP17A1 gene
Authors: Keskin Melikşah , Uğurlu Aylin Kılınç , Savaş-Erdeve Şenay , Sağsak Elif , Akyüz Sare Gülfem , Çetinkaya Semra , Aycan Zehra 
Published: February 2015

Abstract17α-Hydroxylase/17-20 lyase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Genetic defects causing combined 17OHD lead to the impaired production of cortisol and sex steroids, accumulation of mineralocorticoids, and compensatory overproduction of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone. Consequently, individuals with this enzymatic defect present with both adrenal cortical hyperplasia and variable degrees of hypertension, hypokalemia, and sexual immaturity. The patient was aged 15 years and 3 months and she was diagnosed with 17OHD while she was being evaluated for complaints of delayed puberty. In the present case, p.Y27*(c.81C>A) mutation was revealed in the sequence analysis of the
Pregnancy outcomes among renal transplant recipients and patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis
Authors: Saliem Sara , Patenaude Valerie , Abenhaim Haim A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe purpose of our study is to compare pregnancy outcomes between women with a functioning renal transplant and women with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).We carried out a population-based retrospective cohort study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2006 to 2011. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the age-adjusted effect of functioning renal transplant vs. ESRD requiring dialysis on pregnancy outcomes.We identified 264 birth records to women with a functional renal transplant and 267 birth records to women with ESRD on dialysis among 5,245,452 births. As compared to women with ESRD on dialysis, renal transplant recipients were less likely to have placental abruption [odds ratio, OR 0.23 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.08–0.70)], to receive blood transfusions [OR 0.17 (95% CI 0.09–0.30)], and to have growth-restricted and small-for-gestational-age babies [OR 0.45 (95% CI 0.23–0.85)]. Renal transplant recipients were more likely to have an instrumental delivery [OR 15.38 (95% CI 1.92–123.3)]. Among renal transplant women, there was a trend towards delivery by cesarean section as compared to patients with ESRD [OR 1.31 (95% CI 0.93–1.85)]. However, these results were not statistically significant. Fetal deaths were less likely to occur in women with a renal transplant [OR 0.41 (95% CI 0.17–0.96)]. There were four maternal deaths among patients with ESRD on dialysis and no maternal deaths among renal transplant patients.Patients with a functional renal graft had an overall lower rate of morbidity and adverse pregnancy complications when compared to patients with ESRD on dialysis.
Multi-day bicycle tour route generation
Authors: Payne Katherine Carl , Dror Moshe 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a procedure for constructing bicycle routes of minimal perceived exertion over a multi-day tour for cyclists of different levels of expertise. Given a cyclist’s origin, destination, selected points of interest she/he wants to visit, and a level of cycling expertise, this procedure generates a multi-day bicycle tour as a collection of successive daily paths that begin and end at overnight accommodations. The objective is to minimize the total perceived exertion. We demonstrate the implementation of this procedure on an example multi-day tour route in California and present the results of a survey designed to evaluate the daily paths constructed. Repeated measures analysis indicated that 108 of the 120 perceived exertion ratings of the routes generated by our method fit the reported perceived exertion levels of 175 avid cyclists who participated in an evaluation survey.
Aided manufacturing techniques and applications in optics and manipulation for ionic polymer-metal composites as soft sensors and actuators
Authors: Wang Yanjie , Chen Hualing , Liu Jiayu , Zhu Zicai , Chang Longfei , Li Dichen , Jia Shuhai 
Published: February 2015

AbstractRecently, ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs), which are becoming an increasingly popular material, have been used as soft actuators because of their inherent properties of light weight, flexibility, softness, especially efficient transformation from electrical energy to mechanical energy with large bending strain response under low activation voltage. This paper mainly focuses on a review on optical and micromanipulation applications of IPMCs as soft actuators. After presenting the general mechanism of sensing and actuating in IPMCs, recent progresses are discussed about the preparation process and practical technologies, especially for aided manufacturing techniques defined as the methods to fabricate IPMC into all kinds of shapes in terms of the demands, which are reviewed for the first time. Then, a number of recent IPMC applications for optical actuators, grippers and catheters are reviewed and investigated in this paper. Further developments and suggestions for IPMCs are also discussed. Extensive previous researches are provided for references in detail.
Carrier Lifetime Enhancement in a Tellurium Nanowire/PEDOT:PSS Nanocomposite by Sulfur Passivation
Authors: Heyman James N. , Sahu Ayaskanta , Coates Nelson E. , Ehmann Brittany , Urban Jeffery J. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTWe report static and time-resolved terahertz (THz) conductivity measurements of a highperformance thermoelectric material containing tellurium nanowires in a PEDOT:PSS matrix. Composites were made with and without sulfur passivation of the nanowires surfaces. The material with sulfur linkers (TeNW/PD-S) is less conductive but has a longer carrier lifetime than the formulation without (TeNW/PD). We find real conductivities at f = 1THz of σTeNW/PD = 160 S/cm and σTeNW/PD-S = 5.1 S/cm. These values are much larger than the corresponding DC conductivities, suggesting DC conductivity is limited by structural defects. The free-carrier lifetime in the nanowires is controlled by recombination and trapping at the nanowire surfaces. We find surface recombination velocities in bare tellurium nanowires (22m/s) and TeNW/PD-S (40m/s) that are comparable to evaporated tellurium thin films. The surface recombination velocity in TeNW/PD (509m/s) is much larger, indicating a higher interface trap density.
Oxygen Activation by N-doped Graphitic Carbon Nanostructures
Authors: Noffke Benjamin W. , Li Qiqi , Li Liang-shi , Raghavachari Krishnan 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTFundamental understanding of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyzed by nitrogen-doped carbon requires a well-defined structure to correlate structure to function. Well-characterized N-doped graphitic nanostructures derived from benzene derivatives have been synthesized in our group, and shown to catalyze a four-electron ORR under alkaline conditions. Density functional theory calculations have been performed on a model N-doped graphitic nanostructure, C50N2H20, to determine an oxygen activation mechanism. With guidance through an experimentally determined Pourbaix diagram, DFT calculations clearly indicate that the catalyst must undergo a 2e−,1H+reduction to generate a reactive carbanionic intermediate that activates oxygen with a spin inversion.
A Novel Semiautomatic Technique for Volumetric Assessment of the Alveolar Bone Defect Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Linderup Bo Werner , Küseler Annelise , Jensen John , Cattaneo Paolo M. 
Published: February 2015

Objective The aims of this study were (1) to determine the three-dimensional anatomical boundaries of the alveolar bone defect in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients, (2) to precisely translate these anatomical boundaries into reliable cephalometric landmarks and planes that can be used for cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis, (3) to standardize image acquisition and reconstruction parameters, and (4) to test the reproducibility of the proposed protocol for measuring the predefined alveolar bone defect, using a third-party software. Methods The alveolar bone defect volume of 10 randomly selected patients with unilateral CLP (UCLP) aged 8 years and 6 months to 11 years and 2 months was evaluated on preoperative and 1-year postoperative CBCT scans using a semiautomatic, standardized protocol. The alveolar bone graft outcome was calculated as a percentage of the bone fill using the formula (VOLpre – VOLpost)/VOLpre) × 100. Intra- and interobserver reliability was assessed. Results Intra- and interobserver reproducibility was excellent for volumes and bone fill as no statistically significant difference ( P < .001) was seen between the different sets of measurements, and Pearson correlation coefficients were large (intraobserver: r > .9849, interobserver: r > .8784). The Bland-Altman plots indicated that the differences between the plots were not patterned. Conclusions Volume determination using CBCT, third-party medical image processing software, and the presently defined image acquisition and reconstruction parameters, including anatomical boundaries, is a reproducible and practical method for assessing the volumetric outcome of secondary alveolar bone grafting in patients with UCLP.
QCD and Electroweak Boson Production in the Forward Region in LHCb§
Authors: Maciuc, on Behalf of the LHCb Collaboration Florin 
Published: February 2015

Among most recent LHCb measurements relevant in the context of low-x physics include forward energy flow, Z and W cross-section measurements. The energy flow measurements map the forward LHCb acceptance for four classes of events, namely inclusive minimum bias, non-diffractive, diffractive and hard- pT collisions. Estimates from highenergy collision generators - i.e. various PYTHIA tunes and cosmic-ray generators - were compared to the measurement values. Z→ µ+µ+ and W± → µ+µ+ ν (v-) production is measured based on data collected at 7 TeV, results are shown differentially and compared to theoretical pQCD predictions.
PACS number(s): 25.75.Dw, 13.85.-t, 12.38.Bx, 12.38.Cy, 12.38.-t.
Digital Workflow for Virtually Designing and Milling Ceramic Lithium Disilicate Veneers: A Clinical Report
Authors: Zandinejad A , Lin WS , Atarodi M , Abdel-Azim T , Metz MJ , Morton D 
Published: February 2015

SUMMARYLaminate veneers have been routinely used to restore and enhance the appearance of natural dentition. The traditional pathway for fabricating veneers consisted of making conventional polyvinyl siloxane impressions, producing stone casts, and fabricating final porcelain prostheses on stone dies. Pressed ceramics have successfully been used for laminate veneer fabrication for several years. Recently, digital computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing scanning has become commercially available to make a digital impression that is sent electronically to a dental laboratory or a chairside milling machine. However, technology has been developed to allow digital data acquisition in conjunction with electronically transmitted data that enables virtual design of restorations and milling at a remote production center.Following the aforementioned workflow will provide the opportunity to fabricate a physical cast-free restoration. This new technique has been reported recently for all-ceramic IPS e.max full-coverage pressed-ceramic restorations. However, laminate veneers are very delicate and technique-sensitive restorations when compared with all-ceramic full-coverage ones made from the same material. Complete digital design and fabrication of multiple consecutive laminate veneers seems to be very challenging. This clinical report presents the digital workflow for the virtual design and fabrication of multiple laminate veneers in a patient for enhancing the esthetics of his maxillary anterior teeth. A step-by-step process is presented with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of this novel technique. Additionally, the use of lithium disilicate ceramic as the material of choice and the rationale for such a decision is discussed.
Analysis of Moisture Evaporation from Underwear Designed for Fire-Fighters
Authors: Elena Onofrei , Codau Teodor-Cezar , Stojanka Petrusic , Gauthier Bedek , Daniel Dupont , Damien Soulat 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this study we analysed the effect of moisture on the thermal protective performance of fire-fighter clothing in case of routine fire-fighting conditions. In the first stage of this research we investigated simultaneous heat and moisture transfer through a single-layer fabric, used as underwear for fire-fighters, at different moisture conditions. In the second stage of the study, the underwear in dry and wet state was tested together with protective clothing systems for fire-fighter consisting of three or four layers. It was found that during the evaporation of the moisture, a temperature plateau appeared during which temperatures hardly rose. The energy consumption used for the phase change of moisture located in the assembly dominated the heat transfer process as long as there was moisture present. As soon as all water had evaporated, the temperatures approached the temperatures measured for dry samples. The moisture within the clothing assembly did not lead to increased temperatures compared with the measurements with dry samples. This research has confirmed that moisture can positively affect the thermal protection of a clothing system.
Moisture Comfort and Antibacterial Properties of Elastic Warp-Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Yu Zhi-Cai , Zhang Jian-Fei , Lou Ching-Wen , He Hua-Ling , Chen An-Pang , Lin Jia-Horng 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Multifunction elastic warp-knitted fabrics were fabricated on a crochet machine with the use of metal composite yarns/viscose yarn and bamboo polyester/ crisscross-section polyester hybrid yarns as the front face and back face of the knitted fabric structure, respectively. We investigated the effect of the blend ratio of bamboo charcoal/ crisscross-section polyester multiply yarns on the fabric's moisture comfort properties, such as water vapour transmission (WVT), water evaporation rate (WER), and water absorbency. The results showed that blending ratio significantly influenced WVT and WER. Moreover, antibacterial activity of the elastic warp- knitted fabric was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in accordance with AATCC 90-2011. Finally, the extension- stress value curves were used to analyse the elastic stretching property, and the fabric exhibited greater breaking elongation and lower stress value in the walewise than in the weft direction.
Optical properties of silver nanocube surfaces obtained by silane immobilization
Authors: Merk Virginia , Nerz Alexander , Fredrich Sebastian , Gernert Ulrich , Selve Sören , Kneipp Janina 
Published: February 2015

AbstractSilver nanocubes were synthesized by the polyol method and immobilized on a surface in a simple approach using an aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The optical and structural properties of the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) stabilized nanocubes were investigated in solution and on glass surfaces. The SERS enhancement factors at two excitation wavelengths for crystal violet were compared with electric fields arising in different nano¬particle configurations using finite-difference time-domain simulations. They are in agreement with the preferred face-to-face orientation in the nanoaggregates on the surfaces. The facile immobilization enables on-demand preparation and use of the nanocubes in real analytical applications.