bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil freezing and N deposition: transient vs multi‐year effects on plant productivity and relative species abundance
Authors: Vankoughnett Mathew R. , Henry Hugh A. L. 
Published: February 2014

Summary

Plant responses to increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition must be considered in the context of a rapidly changing climate. Reductions in snow cover with climate warming can increase the exposure of herbaceous plants to freezing, but it is unclear how freezing damage may interact with increased N availability, and to what extent freezing effects may extend over multiple years.

We explored potential interactions between freezing damage and N availability in the context of plant productivity and relative species abundance in a temperate old field using both snow removal and mesocosm experiments, and assessed the legacy effects of the freezing damage over 3 yr.

As expected, N addition increased productivity and freezing damage decreased productivity, but these factors were nonadditive; N addition increased productivity disproportionately in the snow removal plots, whereas extreme freezing diminished N addition responses in the mesocosm experiment. Freezing altered relative species abundances, although only the most severe freezing treatments exhibited legacy effects on total productivity over multiple growing seasons.

Our results emphasize that while both increased N deposition and freezing damage can have multi‐year effects on herbaceous communities, the interactions between these global change factors are contingent on the intensities of the treatments.
Innocent until proven guilty: mechanisms and roles of Streptococcus–Candida interactions in oral health and disease
Authors: Xu H. , Jenkinson H.F. , Dongari‐Bagtzoglou A. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryCandida albicans and streptococci of the mitis group colonize the oral cavities of the majority of healthy humans. While C. albicans is considered an opportunistic pathogen, streptococci of this group are broadly considered avirulent or even beneficial organisms. However, recent evidence suggests that multi‐species biofilms with these organisms may play detrimental roles in host homeostasis and may promote infection. In this review we summarize the literature on molecular interactions between members of this streptococcal group and C. albicans, with emphasis on their potential role in the pathogenesis of opportunistic oral mucosal infections.
The Influence of Intersecting Identities on Self‐Harm, Suicidal Behaviors, and Depression among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
Authors: Lytle Megan C. , De Luca Susan M. , Blosnich John R. 
Published: February 2014

Individuals with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) identities have higher prevalence of self‐directed violence, but very little is known about racial/ethnic differences between LGB populations. This study aimed to examine racial/ethnic differences in self‐harm, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and depression among LGB and heterosexual emerging adults. Data are compiled from the Fall 2008 and Spring 2009 National College Health Assessment and limited to respondents within emerging adulthood (ages 18–24) who indicated their sexual orientation and racial/ethnic identities (n = 89,199). Within each racial/ethnic group, LGB individuals were significantly more likely to report self‐harm, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and depression than non‐LGB individuals.
High‐Speed Stereo Digital Image Correlation: Application to Biaxial Fatigue
Authors: Busca D. , Fazzini M. , Lorrain B. , Mistou S. , Karama M. , Pastor M. L. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTTo study the behaviour of a carbon‐fibre reinforced‐plastic laminate under a biaxial stress state, a new type of cruciform specimen has been developed. This specimen is loaded biaxially under static and cyclic fatigue conditions. The experiments are monitored simultaneously using digital image correlation with two high‐speed cameras and infrared thermography. A comparison between the measurements and a finite element model is used to validate the design of the sample.
Reproducibility of Pacing Profiles in Elite Swimmers
Authors: Skorski Sabrina , Faude Oliver , Caviezel Seraina , Meyer Tim 
Published: February 2014

Purpose:To analyze the reproducibility of pacing in elite swimmers during competitions and to compare heats and finals within 1 event.Methods:Finals and heats of 158 male swimmers (age 22.8 ± 2.9 y) from 29 nations were analyzed in 2 competitions (downloaded from swimrankings.net). Of these, 134 were listed in the world’s top 50 in 2010; the remaining 24 were finalists of the Pan Pacific Games or European Championships. The level of both competitions for the analysis had to be at least national championships (7.7 ± 5.4 wk apart). Standard error of measurement expressed as percentage of the subject’s mean score (CV) with 90% confidence limits (CL) for each 50-m split time and for total times were calculated. In addition, mixed general modeling was used to determine standard deviations between and within swimmers.Results:CV for total time in finals ranged between 0.8% and 1.3% (CL 0.6–2.2%). Regarding split times, 200-m freestyle showed a consistent pacing over all split times (CV 0.9–1.6%). During butterfly, backstroke, and 400-m freestyle, CVs were low in the first 3 and 7 sections, respectively (CV 0.9–1.7%), with greater variability in the last section (1.9–2.2%). In breaststroke, values were higher in all sections (CV 1.2–2.3%). Within-subject SDs for changes between laps were between 0.9% and 2.6% in all finals. Split-time variability for finals and heats ranged between 0.9% and 2.5% (CL 0.3–4.9%).Conclusion:Pacing profiles are consistent between different competitions. Variability of pacing seems to be a result of the within-subject variation rather than a result of different competitions
Positional Differences in Match Running Performance and Physical Collisions in Men Rugby Sevens
Authors: Suarez-Arrones Luis , Arenas Carlos , López Guillermo , Requena Bernardo , Terrill Oliver , Mendez-Villanueva Alberto 
Published: February 2014

Purpose:This study describes the physical match demands relative to positional group in male rugby sevens.Methods:Ten highly trained players were investigated during competitive matches (N = 23) using GPS technology, heart rate (HR), and video recording.Results:The relative distance covered by the players throughout the match was 102.3 ± 9.8 m/min. As a percentage of total distance, 35.8% (36.6 ± 5.9 m/min) was covered walking, 26.0% (26.6 ± 5.5 m/min) jogging, 10.0% (10.2 ± 2.4 m/min) running at low intensity, 14.2% (14.5 ± 4.0 m/min) at medium intensity, 4.6% (4.7 ± 1.6 m/min) at high intensity, and 9.5% (9.7 ± 3.7 m/min) sprinting. For the backs, a substantial decrease in total distance and distance covered at low, medium, and high intensity was observed in the second half. Forwards exhibited a substantial decrease in the distance covered at medium intensity, high intensity, and sprinting in the 2nd half. Backs covered substantially more total distance at medium and sprinting speeds than forwards. In addition, the maximum length of sprint runs was substantially greater for the backs than forwards. On the contrary, forwards performed more tackles. The mean HR during the match in backs and forwards was similar, with the exception of time spent at HR intensities >90%HRmax, which was substantially higher in forwards.Conclusion:These findings provide a description of the different physical demands placed on rugby sevens backs and forwards. This information may be helpful in the development of positional and/or individualized physical-fitness training programs.
Full Genome Sequence of a Recombinant H1N2 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Wild Waterfowl in the East Dongting Lake Wetland
Authors: Zhu Yun , Huang Yuesi , Chen Tao , Zhu Wenfei , Lou Changxing , Wang Huahong , Li Meng , Liu Fuqiang , Xiang Xingyu , Li Linhui , Zhang Hong , Shu Yuelong 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the full genome sequence of an H1N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) isolated from wild waterfowl in Dongting Lake. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it was a novel recombinant AIV between domestic ducks and wild waterfowl. Investigation of this virus is helpful for our understanding of the ecology of AIV in this region.
Draft Genome Sequence of mc
2
51, a Highly Hydrogen Peroxide-Resistant Mycobacterium smegmatis Mutant Strain
Authors: Li Xiaojing , Liu Fei , Hu Yongfei , Mi Kaixia 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-like
Mycobacterium smegmatis
mutant strain, mc
2
51, compared to that of wild-type strain
M. smegmatis
mc
2
155. The draft genome sequence comprises 6,823,739 bp, revealing 6,569 coding DNA sequences (CDSs) and 50 RNA genes (4 rRNA genes and 46 tRNA genes).
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma bovoculi Strain M165/69
T
(ATCC 29104)
Authors: Calcutt Michael J. , Foecking Mark F. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Bovine ocular infections compromise animal health and result in significant economic losses.
Mycoplasma bovoculi
is an etiological agent of conjunctivitis. Presented here is the 760,240-bp complete genome sequence of the
M. bovoculi
type strain M165/69
T
. An analysis of the deduced proteome provides insights into the adherence and antigenic variation mechanisms of the strain.
Evaluation of Glycomic Profiling as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kim Kyoungmi , Ruhaak L. Renee , Nguyen Uyen Thao , Taylor Sandra L. , Dimapasoc Lauren , Williams Cynthia , Stroble Carol , Ozcan Sureyya , Miyamoto Suzanne , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Leiserowitz Gary S. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Background: Prior studies suggested that glycans were differentially expressed in patients with ovarian cancer and controls. We hypothesized that glycan-based biomarkers might serve as a diagnostic test for ovarian cancer and evaluated the ability of glycans to distinguish ovarian cancer cases from matched controls.
Methods: Serum samples were obtained from the tissue-banking repository of the Gynecologic Oncology Group, and included healthy female controls (n = 100), women diagnosed with low malignant potential (LMP) tumors (n = 52), and epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) cases (n = 147). Cases and controls were matched on age at enrollment within ±5 years. Serum samples were analyzed by glycomics analysis to detect abundance differences in glycan expression levels. A two-stage procedure was carried out for biomarker discovery and validation. Candidate classifiers of glycans that separated cases from controls were developed using a training set in the discovery phase and the classification performance of the candidate classifiers was assessed using independent test samples that were not used in discovery.
Results: The patterns of glycans showed discriminatory power for distinguishing EOC and LMP cases from controls. Candidate glycan-based biomarkers developed on a training set (sensitivity, 86% and specificity, 95.8% for distinguishing EOC from controls through leave-one-out cross-validation) confirmed their potential use as a detection test using an independent test set (sensitivity, 70% and specificity, 86.5%).
Conclusion: Formal investigations of glycan biomarkers that distinguish cases and controls show great promise for an ovarian cancer diagnostic test. Further validation of a glycan-based test for detection of ovarian cancer is warranted.
Impact: An emerging diagnostic test based on the knowledge gained from understanding the glycobiology should lead to an assay that improves sensitivity and specificity and allows for early detection of ovarian cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(4); 611–21. ©2014 AACR.
Tumor MHC Class I Expression Improves the Prognostic Value of T-cell Density in Resected Colorectal Liver Metastases
Authors: Turcotte Simon , Katz Steven C. , Shia Jinru , Jarnagin William R. , Kingham T. Peter , Allen Peter J. , Fong Yuman , D'Angelica Michael I. , DeMatteo Ronald P. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in colorectal cancer liver metastases (CLM) have been associated with more favorable patient outcomes, but whether MHC class I (MHC-I) expression on cancer cells affects prognosis is uncertain. Immunohistochemistry was performed on a tissue microarray of 158 patients with CLM, who underwent partial hepatectomy with curative intent. Using the antibody HC-10, which detects HLA-B and HLA-C antigens and a minority of HLA-A antigens, MHC-I expression was correlated with β-2 microglobulin (β2m; r = 0.7; P &lt; 0.001), but not with T-cell density (r &lt; 0.32). The median follow-up for survivors was 9.7 years. High levels of MHC-I expression in tumors concomitant with high T-cell infiltration (CD3, CD4, or CD8) best identified patients with favorable outcomes, compared with patients with one or none of these immune features. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with MHC-IhiCD3hi tumors (n = 31) was 116 months compared with 40 months for the others (P = 0.001), and the median time to recurrence (TTR) was not reached compared with 17 months (P = 0.008). By multivariate analysis, MHChiCD3hi was associated with OS and TTR independent of the standard clinicopathologic variables. An immune score that combines MHC-I expression and TIL density may be a valuable prognostic tool in the treatment of patients with CLM. Cancer Immunol Res; 2(6); 530–7. ©2014 AACR.
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity, Carotid Atherosclerosis, and Cerebrovascular Symptomatology
Authors: Doonan R.J. , Hafiane A. , Lai C. , Veinot J.P. , Genest J. , Daskalopoulou S.S. 
Published: February 2014

Objective—
To investigate the association of cholesterol efflux capacity with carotid atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular disease.

Approach and Results—

Patients with high-grade carotid stenosis (n=154) were recruited from Vascular Surgery clinics and 9 healthy controls from the McGill University Health Network, Montreal, Canada. Cerebrovascular symptomatology history was obtained. Stenosis was assessed by carotid ultrasound. Fasting blood samples were collected and depleted of apolipoprotein B particles by polyethylene glycol precipitation from serum. Cholesterol efflux was determined by incubating apolipoprotein B–depleted serum in cAMP-stimulated J774 cells for 6 hours. Carotid specimens were classified by 2 vascular pathologists using the American Heart Association atheromatous plaque classification. Differences in efflux were assessed according to (1) stenosis, (2) American Heart Association classification, and (3) cerebrovascular symptomatology. Normalized efflux was significantly lower in patients with carotid atherosclerosis compared with controls (0.97±0.16 versus 1.5±0.46;
P
<0.0001). Efflux was inversely associated with stenosis; the odds ratio for 80% to 99% versus 50% to 79% stenosis of tertile 1 (lowest) versus tertile 3 (highest) of efflux was 3.78 (95% confidence interval, 1.18–12.06) after adjusting for age, sex, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein. There were significant differences in cholesterol efflux between American Heart Association fibroatheroma (Va, 0.91±0.13), mainly calcific (Vb, 0.97±0.15), and mainly fibrotic (Vc, 1.03±0.21;
P
=0.05). There were no significant differences in efflux according to symptomatology.

Conclusions—
Cholesterol efflux capacity is inversely associated with increasing carotid stenosis and is associated with more advanced carotid plaque morphology, suggesting that cholesterol efflux capacity may be a biomarker for severity of carotid atherosclerotic burden. Whether therapies targeting high-density lipoprotein quality could be useful for stabilizing carotid atherosclerosis needs to be assessed.
Early Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Reversal After Endovascular Reperfusion Is Typically Transient in Patients Imaged 3 to 6 Hours After Onset
Authors: Inoue Manabu , Mlynash Michael , Christensen Soren , Wheeler Hayley M. , Straka Matus , Tipirneni Aaryani , Kemp Stephanie M. , Zaharchuk Greg , Olivot Jean-Marc , Bammer Roland , Lansberg Maarten G. , Albers Gregory W. 
Published: February 2014

Background and Purpose—
The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and extent of early diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion reversal after endovascular therapy and to determine whether early reversal is sustained or transient.

Methods—
MRI with DWI perfusion imaging was performed before (DWI 1) and within 12 hours after (DWI 2) endovascular treatment; follow-up MRI was obtained on day 5. Both DWIs were coregistered to follow-up MRI. Early DWI reversal was defined as the volume of the DWI 1 lesion that was not superimposed on the DWI 2 lesion. Permanent reversal was the volume of the DWI 1 lesion not superimposed on the day 5 infarct volume. Associations between early DWI reversal and clinical outcomes in patients with and without reperfusion were assessed.

Results—
A total of 110 patients had technically adequate DWI before endovascular therapy (performed median [interquartile range], 4.5 [2.8–6.2] hours after onset); 60 were eligible for this study. Thirty-two percent had early DWI reversal >10 mL; 17% had sustained reversal. The median volume of permanent reversal at 5 days was 3 mL (interquartile range, 1.7–7.0). Only 2 patients (3%) had a final infarct volume that was smaller than their baseline DWI lesion. Early DWI reversal was not an independent predictor of clinical outcome and was not associated with early reperfusion.

Conclusions—
Early DWI reversal occurred in about one third of patients after endovascular therapy; however, reversal was often transient and was not associated with a significant volume of tissue salvage or favorable clinical outcome.
Nascent Proteomes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as a Novel Source for Biomarker Discovery in Human Stroke
Authors: Bian Fang , Simon Roger P. , Li Yun , David Larry , Wainwright Jolita , Hall Casey L. , Frankel Michael , Zhou An 
Published: February 2014

Background and Purpose—
The proteome of newly synthesized proteins (nascent proteome) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can be a novel source of stroke biomarkers. Changes in the PBMC nascent proteome after stroke reflect the dynamic response-in-action not detectable in the total proteome (all existing proteins) in blood. Here, we test the application of nascent proteomics as a novel approach for stroke biomarker discovery.

Methods—
The PBMC nascent proteome in human blood was determined by metabolic labeling of fresh PBMC cultures with azidohomoalanine (an azide-containing methionine surrogate), followed by mass spectrometry detection and quantification of azidohomoalanine-labeled proteins. The PBMC nascent and total proteomes were compared between patients with stroke and matched controls.

Results—
Both PBMC nascent and total proteomes showed differences between stroke patients and controls. Results of hierarchical clustering analysis of proteomic data revealed greater changes in the nascent than in the total PBMC proteomes, supporting the usefulness of the PBMC nascent proteome as a novel source of stroke biomarkers.

Conclusions—
Nascent proteomes in PBMC can be a novel source for biomarker discovery in human stroke.
In the Crossfire
Authors: Esch Sophie 
Published: February 2014

So-called narcoliterature in Mexico faces bitter controversy about its merits, duties, and scope. Compared with the three dominant discourses about the narco phenomenon in Mexico (the state, the media and music), literary texts harbor the possibility of presenting a more complex viewpoint. In particular, the novel Contrabando, by Víctor Hugo Rascón Banda, draws an especially ambiguous and complex image of the narco enterprise and avoids moralist, sensationalist, and romanticizing perspectives. The novel challenges hegemonic discourses about the narco world in Mexico by depicting the drug producer or trafficker not as a deviant, outlaw, or outsider but as intimately ingrained in both public and private spheres. In addition, the novel represents a critical reflection on the relationship between fictional literature and drug trafficking. It questions the role of writers and intellectuals in the context of narco violence. At the same time it proposes fragmentation and intermediality as possible literary strategies for narrating the narco phenomenon. La llamada narcoliteratura en México se enfrenta a una fuerte polémica sobre sus méritos, deberes y alcances. Al lado de los tres discursos y fuentes dominantes sobre el narco en México (el estado, los medios y la música), textos literarios guardan la posibilidad de presentar una visión más compleja. En particular la novela Contrabando de Víctor Hugo Rascón Banda pinta un cuadro especialmente ambiguo y complejo de la gran empresa del narco y evita miradas moralistas, sensacionalistas y románticas. La novela desafía los discursos hegemónicos sobre el narco en México al no representar al narco como el fuera-ley, fuera-estado, fuera-sociedad. Por el contrario, Contrabando presenta al narco íntimamente arraigado tanto en la esfera pública como en la privada. Además, la novela misma es una reflexión crítica sobre la relación entre literatura ficcional y narcotráfico. Haciendo referencia a narcocorridos, la novela cuestiona el rol de los letrados en el contexto de la violencia del narco. Al mismo tiempo propone la fragmentación y la intermedialidad como posibles estrategias para narrar el narco.
The Narcomedia
Authors: Eiss Paul K. 
Published: February 2014

Most commentators interpret the messages left by drug traffickers—often accompanied by gruesomely disfigured human remains—as simple acts of score-settling or claims of territory between rival groups. A case study of the narcomedia— narcomensajes, narcovideos, and narcomantas— in Yucatán in 2008, as well as an exploration of contemporary public debates relating the narcomedia at the national level over the ensuing years, provides some alternative ways to read the narcomedia: in the context of the rise of the new media; in terms of networks of relationships between new and “old” media; as interventions into regionally embedded and nationally framed political struggles; and as a focal point of struggles over media censorship, the public sphere, and counterpublics in contemporary Mexico. Mayoría de los comentaristas interpreta los mensajes dejados por narcotraficantes, a menudo acompañados por restos humanos brutalmente desfigurados, como simples actos de venganza o reclamos territoriales entre grupos rivales. Un estudio de caso de los narcomedios (narcomensajes, narcovideos y narcomantas) en Yucatán en 2008, así como una exploración de los debates públicos contemporáneos relativos a éstos a nivel nacional en los años subsiguientes, ofrece algunas alternativas de lectura: en el contexto del surgimiento de los nuevos medios; en relación a las redes de relaciones entre los medios nuevos y “viejos”; como intervenciones en luchas políticas integradas regionalmente y enmarcadas a nivel nacional; y como un punto focal de luchas sobre la censura de los medios de comunicación, la esfera pública y contrapúblicos en el México contemporáneo.