bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bautechnische Prüfung des Ost‐West‐Daches des Lehrter Bahnhofes
Authors: Kina J. , Klähne Th. , Nguyen K.‐M. , Einhäuser O. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract1992 fiel die Entscheidung, den Lehrter Bahnhof zum zentralen Bahnhof des Berliner Schienennetzes auszubauen. Im Mittelpunkt des Bahnhofs kreuzen sich die unterirdischen Nord‐Süd‐Fernbahngleise mit der in Ost‐West‐Richtung verlaufenden oberirdischen Trasse der Stadtbahn. Es wird über den komplexen Entwurfs‐ und Realisierungsprozeß aus der Sicht der Prüfingenieure berichtet.
Nitrosylation of Hexafluoridotechnetate(IV)
Authors: Mariappan Balasekaran Samundeeswari , Molski Matthias , Hagenbach Adelheid , Abram Ulrich 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPotassium hexafluoridotechnetate(IV), K2[TcF6], slowly reacts in aqueous solution with acetohydroxamic acid with formation of the ammine nitrosyltechnetium(I) complex [Tc(NO)(NH3)4F]+. The product crystallizes as mixed TcF62–/HF2– salt of the composition [Tc(NO)(NH3)4F]4[TcF6][HF2]2. [Tc(NO)(NH3)4F]+ represents the first nitrosyltechnetium complex with a fluorido ligand in its coordination sphere. The Tc–F bonds in two crystallographically independent species are 1.987(2) and 2.034(2) Å, respectively. This is slightly longer than in the [TcF6]2– counterion.
Harm avoidance in adolescents modulates late positive potentials during affective picture processing
Authors: Zhang Wenhai , Lu Jiamei , Ni Ziyin , Liu Xia , Wang Dahua , Shen Jiliang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractResearch in adults has shown that individual differences in harm avoidance (HA) modulate electrophysiological responses to affective stimuli. To determine whether HA in adolescents modulates affective information processing, we collected event‐related potentials from 70 adolescents while they viewed 90 pictures from the Chinese affective picture system. Multiple regressions revealed that HA negatively predicted late positive potential (LPP) for positive pictures and positively predicted for negative pictures; however, HA did not correlate with LPP for neutral pictures. The results suggest that at the late evaluative stage, high‐HA adolescents display attentional bias to negative pictures while low‐HA adolescents display attentional bias to negative pictures. Moreover, these dissociable attentional patterns imply that individual differences in adolescents’ HA modulate the late selective attention mechanism of affective information.
Fundamental motives: How evolutionary needs influence consumer behavior
Authors: Griskevicius Vladas , Kenrick Douglas T. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractCan we better understand modern consumer behavior by examining its links to our ancestral past? We consider the underlying motives for consumption and choice from an evolutionary perspective. We review evidence that deep‐seated evolutionary motives continue to influence much modern behavior, albeit not always in obvious or conscious ways. These fundamental motives include: (1) evading physical harm, (2) avoiding disease, (3) making friends, (4) attaining status, (5) acquiring a mate, (6) keeping a mate, and (7) caring for family. We discuss how, why, and when these motives influence behavior, highlighting that many consumer choices ultimately function to help fulfill one or more of these evolutionary needs. An important implication of this framework is that a person's preferences, behaviors, and decision processes change in predictable ways depending on which fundamental motive is currently active. We discuss how consideration of evolutionary motives provides fertile ground for future consumer research, while also helping build bridges between consumer behavior, evolutionary biology, and other social sciences.
Combination of Vorinostat and caspase‐8 inhibition exhibits high anti‐tumoral activity on endometrial cancer cells
Authors: Bergadà Laura , Sorolla Annabel , Yeramian Andree , Eritja Nuria , Mirantes Cristina , Matias-Guiu Xavier , Dolcet Xavier 
Published: March 2013

Histone deacetylase inhibitors such as Vorinostat display anti‐neoplastic activity against a variety of solid tumors. Here, we have investigated the anti‐tumoral activity of Vorinostat on endometrial cancer cells. We have found that Vorinostat caused cell growth arrest, loss of clonogenic growth and apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells. Vorinostat‐induced the activation of caspase‐8 and ‐9, the initiators caspases of the extrinsic and the intrinsic apoptotic pathways, respectively. Next, we investigated the role of the extrinsic pathway in apoptosis triggered by Vorinostat. We found that Vorinostat caused a dramatic decrease of FLIP mRNA and protein levels. However, overexpression of the long from of FLIP did not block Vorinostat‐induced apoptosis. To further investigate the role of extrinsic apoptotic pathway in Vorinostat‐induced apoptosis, we performed an shRNA‐mediated knock‐down of caspase‐8. Surprisingly, downregulation of caspase‐8 alone caused a marked decrease in clonogenic ability and reduced the growth of endometrial cancer xenografts in vivo, revealing that targeting caspase‐8 may be an attractive target for anticancer therapy on endometrial tumors. Furthermore, combination of caspase‐8 inhibition and Vorinostat treatment caused an enhancement of apoptotic cell death and a further decrease of clonogenic growth of endometrial cancer cells. More importantly, combination of Vorinostat and caspase‐8 inhibition caused a nearly complete inhibition of tumor xenograft growth. Finally, we demonstrate that cell death triggered by Vorinostat alone or in combination with caspase‐8 shRNAs was inhibited by the anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐XL. Our results suggest that combinatory therapies using Vorinostat treatment and caspase‐8 inhibition can be an effective treatment for endometrial carcinomas.
Electrodiagnostic Evaluation of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Ulnar Neuropathies
Authors: Werner Robert A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and ulnar mononeuropathies at the elbow and wrist are the most common nerve entrapments in the upper extremities. Electrodiagnostic studies are a valid and reliable means of confirming the clinical diagnosis. This review addresses various electrodiagnostic techniques to evaluate the median and ulnar nerves at the wrist and elbow. It also discusses the limitations of electrodiagnostic studies with regard to the sensitivity and specificity of such testing.
Growth and dissipation of wind-forced, deep-water waves
Authors: Grare Laurent , Peirson William L. , Branger Hubert , Walker James W. , Giovanangeli Jean-Paul , Makin Vladimir 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe input of energy by wind to water waves is compared with the observed growth of the waves using a suite of microphysical measurement techniques in the laboratory. These include measured tangential stresses in the water and air immediately adjacent to the interface with corresponding form drag measurements above wind-forced freely propagating waves. The drag data sets are consistent but the comparison has highlighted important issues in relation to the measurement of fluctuating pressures above freely propagating waves. Derived normalized wind input values show good collapse as a function of mean wave steepness and are significantly in excess of the assembly of net wave growth measurements by Peirson & Garcia (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 608, 2008, pp. 243–274) at low steepness. Sheltering coefficients in the form of Jeffreys (Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser.A, vol. 107, 1925, pp. 189–206) are derived that are consistent with values previously obtained by Donelan & Pierson (J. Geophys. Res., vol. 92, 1987, pp. 4971–5029), Donelan (Wind-over-Wave Couplings: Perspectives and Prospects, Clarendon, 1999, pp. 183–194) and Donelanet al. (J. Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 36, 2006, pp. 1672–1689). The sheltering coefficients exhibit substantial scatter. By carefully measuring the associated growth of the surface wave fields, systematic energy budgets for the interaction between wind and waves are obtained. For non-breaking waves, there is a significant and systematic misclose in the radiative transfer equation if wave–turbulence interactions are not included. Significantly higher levels of turbulent wave attenuation are found in comparison with the theoretical estimates by Teixeira & Belcher (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 458, 2002, pp. 229–267) and Ardhuin & Jenkins (J. Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 36, 2006, pp. 551–557). Suitable normalizations of attenuation for wind-forced wave fields exhibit consistent behaviour in the presence and absence of wave breaking. Closure of the surface energy flux budget is obtained by comparing the normalized energy loss rates due to breaking with the values previously determined by Banner & Peirson (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 585, 2007, pp. 93–115) and Drazenet al.(J. Fluid Mech., vol. 611, 2008, pp. 307–332) when expressed as a function of mean wave steepness. Their normalized energy loss rates obtained for non-wind forced breaking wave groups are remarkably consistent with the levels found during this present study when breaking waves are subject to wind forcing.
Long-term temporal trends and estimated transmission rates forMycobacterium bovisinfection in an undisturbed high-density badger (Meles meles) population
Authors: DELAHAY R. J. , WALKER N. , SMITH G. S. , WILKINSON D. , CLIFTON-HADLEY R. S. , CHEESEMAN C. L. , TOMLINSON A. J. , CHAMBERS M. A. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYWe describe epidemiological trends inMycobacterium bovisinfection in an undisturbed wild badger (Meles meles) population. Data were derived from the capture, clinical sampling and serological testing of 1803 badgers over 9945 capture events spanning 24 years. Incidence and prevalence increased over time, exhibiting no simple relationship with host density. Potential explanations are presented for a marked increase in the frequency of positive serological test results. Transmission rates (R0) estimated from empirical data were consistent with modelled estimates and robust to changes in test sensitivity and the spatial extent of the population at risk. The risk of a positive culture or serological test result increased with badger age, and varied seasonally. Evidence consistent with progressive disease was found in cubs. This study demonstrates the value of long-term data and the repeated application of imperfect diagnostic tests as indices of infection to reveal epidemiological trends inM. bovisinfection in badgers.
Dietary habits in the endangered Bearded VultureGypaetus barbatusfrom Upper Pleistocene to modern times in Spain: a paleobiological conservation perspective
Authors: MARGALIDA ANTONI , MARÍN-ARROYO ANA B. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryAlthough most Old World vulture species are declining or threatened in Asia and Africa, in Europe healthy vulture populations still exist. However, recent application of sanitary legislation that has greatly reduced the availability of animal carcasses is now a concern for conservationists. Until now, no studies have been undertaken to determine long-term dietary shifts in these species in Europe, but such studies are essential to optimising the resources invested in conservation and to anticipating the ecological needs of the target species. Here, we present a first attempt to examine the dietary variation in the Bearded VultureGypaetus barbatusfrom the late Pleistocene to the present day. Medium-size wild ungulates such as southern chamoisRupicapra pyrenaica, Spanish ibexCapra pyrenaica,red deerCervus elaphusand roe deerCapreolus capreolusdominate the diet during the Pleistocene supporting the hypothesis that Bearded Vulture distribution was largely determined by the presence of such species. On the contrary, domestic species, such as sheepOvis ariesand goatCapra hircus,are the most common taxa in the diet in modern and historic periods. The actual dependence of the species on livestock, along with a restrictive sanitary legislation, threaten the conservation of this and other endangered avian scavengers in Europe. This new paleobiological conservation perspective confirms that efforts to establish a self-sustaining Bearded Vulture population should be enhanced by the widespread availability of medium-sized wild ungulates and by the presence of extensive and traditional grazing practices.
New perspectives on habitat selection by the Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor based upon satellite telemetry
Authors: WOOD CHRIS , TOMIDA HIROSHI , JIN-HAN KIM , LEE KI-SUP , CHO HYONG - JU , NISHIDA SHIN , IBRAHIM JAMALUDDIN , HUR WEE-HAENG , KIM HWA-JUNG , KIM SUNG-HYUN , KOIKE HIROKO , FUJITA GO , HIGUCHI HIROYOSHI , YAHARA TETSUKAZU 
Published: March 2013

SummaryIn 2011 the Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor census recorded a 22% drop in numbers from 2010, particularly at the known large coastal wintering sites. During this period, we discovered two new inland wintering sites for the species using satellite telemetry data, one located in China, where the individual followed the Yangtze river as far as Wuhan (500 km inland), and the other across the Vietnam-Cambodia border (70–200 km inland). Long periods of concentrated use of various freshwater habitats were in evidence for these two tagged individuals (China: 79 days, Vietnam/Cambodia: 91 Days) and in the latter case visual confirmation indicated a larger group of at least five individuals. The importance and potential of inland freshwater environments is highlighted towards the further conservation of the recovering population.
Job Satisfaction in Academia: Why Are Some Faculty Members Happier Than Others?
Authors: Hesli Vicki L. , Lee Jae Mook 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn studying the correlates of job satisfaction among political science faculty we confirm some findings from other disciplines, such as the relationship between institutional type and satisfaction. We demonstrate that those working in top-ranked departments or in private institutions tend to have higher levels of satisfaction with their jobs and with their contributions to the profession. Both job satisfaction and professional satisfaction tend to be highest among full professors; and greater productivity in terms of publishing is independently linked to greater levels of professional satisfaction. In contrast, comparatively higher undergraduate teaching loads undermine professional satisfaction. We also determine that men and women do not differ systematically from one another in their satisfaction levels. We do, however, document significantly lower levels of satisfaction among racial minorities in political science departments. In exploring this finding, we uncover reports of discrimination and dramatic differences in levels of collegiality experienced by different subgroups of faculty members. Experiences with discrimination undermine job satisfaction and are more frequently reported by women than men and are more common among minority faculty than nonminorities.
Women Don't Ask? Women Don't Say No? Bargaining and Service in the Political Science Profession
Authors: Mitchell Sara McLaughlin , Hesli Vicki L. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis article examines the dual problems of “women don't ask” and “women don't say no” in the academic profession. First, we consider whether female faculty bargain more or less frequently than male faculty about such resources as salary, research support, clerical support, moving expenses, and spousal accommodation. Analyzing a 2009 APSA survey, we find that women aremorelikely to ask for resources than men when considering most categories of bargaining issues. This finding goes against conventional wisdom in the literature on gender and bargaining that suggests that women are less likely to bargain than men. Second, we seek to understand if women are reluctant to say no when asked to provide service at the department, college, university, or disciplinary levels. We find that women are asked to provide more service and that they agree to serve more frequently than men. We also find that the service women provide is more typically “token” service, as women are less likely to be asked by their colleagues to serve as department chair, to chair committees, or to lead academic programs. The implications of these results for the leaky pipeline in the academic profession are discussed.
Midshipmen Form a Coalition Government in Belgium: Lessons from a Role-Playing Simulation
Authors: Biziouras Nikolaos 
Published: March 2013

AbstractUsing a role-playing simulation on government formation with pre- and posttest assessment format, I show that students developed a significantly greater capacity for precision and specificity in their answers about the process of coalition government formation in parliamentary systems; students changed their beliefs in the ability of institutional rules to causally affect the process of coalition government formation in parliamentary systems; and, finally, students, changed their views on whether office-seeking politicians are more successful than policy-seeking politicians in forming coalition governments in parliamentary systems.
School snacks decrease morbidity in Kenyan schoolchildren: a cluster randomized, controlled feeding intervention trial
Authors: Neumann Charlotte G , Bwibo Nimrod O , Jiang Luohua , Weiss Robert E 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effects of three different school snacks on morbidity outcomes.DesignTwelve schools were randomized to either one of three feeding groups or a Control group. There were three schools per group in this cluster randomized trial. Children in feeding group schools received school snacks of a local plant-based dish,githeri, with meat, milk or extra oil added. The oil used was later found to be fortified with retinol. Physical status, food intake and morbidity outcomes were assessed longitudinally over two years.SettingRural Embu District, Kenya, an area with high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency.SubjectsStandard 1 schoolchildren (n902; analytic sample) enrolled in two cohorts from the same schools one year apart.ResultsThe Meat and PlainGitheri(i.e.githeri+ oil) groups showed the greatest declines in the probability of a morbidity outcome (PMO) for total and severe illnesses, malaria, poor appetite, reduced activity, fever and chills. The Meat group showed significantly greater declines in PMO for gastroenteritis (mainly diarrhoea) and typhoid compared with the Control group, for jaundice compared with the PlainGitherigroup, and for skin infection compared with the Milk group. The Milk group showed the greatest decline in PMO for upper respiratory infection. For nearly all morbidity outcomes the Control group had the highest PMO and the least decline over time.ConclusionsThe intervention study showed beneficial effects of both animal-source foods and of vitamin A-fortified oil on morbidity status.
Biphasic assembly of the murine intestinal microbiota during early development
Authors: Pantoja-Feliciano Ida Gisela , Clemente Jose C , Costello Elizabeth K , Perez Maria E , Blaser Martin J , Knight Rob , Dominguez-Bello Maria Gloria 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The birth canal provides mammals with a primary maternal inoculum, which develops into distinctive body site-specific microbial communities post-natally. We characterized the distal gut microbiota from birth to weaning in mice. One-day-old mice had colonic microbiota that resembled maternal vaginal communities, but at days 3 and 9 of age there was a substantial loss of intestinal bacterial diversity and dominance of Lactobacillus. By weaning (21 days), diverse intestinal bacteria had established, including strict anaerobes. Our results are consistent with vertical transmission of maternal microbiota and demonstrate a nonlinear ecological succession involving an early drop in bacterial diversity and shift in dominance from Streptococcus to Lactobacillus, followed by an increase in diversity of anaerobes, after the introduction of solid food. Mammalian newborns are born highly susceptible to colonization, and lactation may control microbiome assembly during early development.
Characterizing the distribution and rates of microbial sulfate reduction at Middle Valley hydrothermal vents
Authors: Frank Kiana L , Rogers Daniel R , Olins Heather C , Vidoudez Charles , Girguis Peter R 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Few studies have directly measured sulfate reduction at hydrothermal vents, and relatively little is known about how environmental or ecological factors influence rates of sulfate reduction in vent environments. A better understanding of microbially mediated sulfate reduction in hydrothermal vent ecosystems may be achieved by integrating ecological and geochemical data with metabolic rate measurements. Here we present rates of microbially mediated sulfate reduction from three distinct hydrothermal vents in the Middle Valley vent field along the Juan de Fuca Ridge, as well as assessments of bacterial and archaeal diversity, estimates of total biomass and the abundance of functional genes related to sulfate reduction, and in situ geochemistry. Maximum rates of sulfate reduction occurred at 90 °C in all three deposits. Pyrosequencing and functional gene abundance data revealed differences in both biomass and community composition among sites, including differences in the abundance of known sulfate-reducing bacteria. The abundance of sequences for Thermodesulfovibro-like organisms and higher sulfate reduction rates at elevated temperatures suggests that Thermodesulfovibro-like organisms may have a role in sulfate reduction in warmer environments. The rates of sulfate reduction presented here suggest that—within anaerobic niches of hydrothermal deposits—heterotrophic sulfate reduction may be quite common and might contribute substantially to secondary productivity, underscoring the potential role of this process in both sulfur and carbon cycling at vents.
A microwave interferometer for small and tenuous plasma density measurements
Authors: Tudisco O. , Lucca Fabris A. , Falcetta C. , Accatino L. , De Angelis R. , Manente M. , Ferri F. , Florean M. , Neri C. , Mazzotta C. , Pavarin D. , Pollastrone F. , Rocchi G. , Selmo A. , Tasinato L. , Trezzolani F. , Tuccillo A. A. 
Published: March 2013

The non-intrusive density measurement of the thin plasma produced by a mini-helicon space thruster (HPH.com project) is a challenge, due to the broad density range (between 1016 m−3 and 1019 m−3) and the small size of the plasma source (2 cm of diameter). A microwave interferometer has been developed for this purpose. Due to the small size of plasma, the probing beam wavelength must be small (λ = 4 mm), thus a very high sensitivity interferometer is required in order to observe the lower density values. A low noise digital phase detector with a phase noise of 0.02° has been used, corresponding to a density of 0.5 × 1016 m−3.