bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social capital, shocks and livestock investments: evidence from Masaka District, Uganda
Authors: Mawejje Joseph , Terje Holden Stein 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of a household's social capital in the form of community group participation and empirically analyses the roles that social capital plays in helping rural households rebuild productive assets after shocks.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper, social capital is modelled as a household's intensity of group participation measured by the density and active participation in group activities as well as their multiplicative and additive indices. Instrumental variable methods were used to address the problem of endogeneity associated with social capital.

Findings
– The results indicate that household characteristics such as age, education level, dependence ratio and years of village residence as well as village-level characteristics such as the village population density are critical determinants of social capital. In addition, social capital measured in form of density of participation in group activities and attendance score as well as multiplicative and additive indices of these have significant positive effects on the household ability to rebuild livestock assets.

Research limitations/implications
– The authors realize that several weakness in the approach could compromise the validity of the findings. These weaknesses include: the cross-sectional nature of the data, the omitted variable bias, the endogeneity concerns of social capital and the identification strategy, sample size and the dimensions the authors chose to measure social capital. Future research should explore the factors that can help households to engage more in-group activities.

Practical implications
– The findings have important implications for government policy especially in areas of agricultural development and poverty reduction. Specifically, governments should pay close attention to the various social groups as they can serve as important channels to achieve better social economic outcomes, including the accumulation of rural assets, as is the case with livestock assets in rural Uganda.

Social implications
– Many governments in Sub-Saharan Africa are constrained to provide basic public goods to the people. This is due to a combination of limited budgets and lack of good leadership. In such circumstances, the people have to rely on their collective/social effort to take advantage of market opportunities. Such opportunities can be accessed using the existing social structures whose norms and the trust between members permit cooperation.

Originality/value
– The study contributes to a small but growing empirical literature on social groups and how they can mediate social economic outcomes especially for rural households. The empirical estimations take into consideration the endogeneity concerns associated with social network capital. The paper will be useful for policy makers and researchers who may have a keen interest in the roles that group activities play in agricultural development and poverty reduction.
Agritourism consumers’ participation in wine tasting events
Authors: Govindasamy Ramu , Kelley Kathleen 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to determine the likelihood of a USA Mid-Atlantic region consumers’ willingness to partake in a wine tasting event, an example of an agritourism activity, based on their responses to an Internet survey conducted from June 22 to 29, 2010.

Design/methodology/approach
– Potential participants were screened and asked to participate if they resided in one of the states targeted (Delaware, New Jersey or Pennsylvania); were aged 21 years and older; were the primary food shopper for the household; and had previously attended an agritourism and/or direct marketing events or activities.

Findings
– A logit model was developed based on responses from 972 consumers who participated in the 15-minute Internet survey to predict participation in wine tasting activity. Consumers who are more likely to attend an on-farm wine tasting event include those who learn about agritourism events through newspapers, think that the variety and price of produce is better at direct markets than supermarkets, are older than 50 years, have a graduate degree and are self-employed.

Research limitations/implications
– Empirical results will help agritourism operators enhance marketing efforts and develop profitable on-farm agricultural activities by identifying consumer segments likely to participate in wine tourism activities.

Practical implications
– This paper helps identify consumer segments that are more likely to participate in a wine tasting event and provides marketers with the ability to target likely buyers based on corresponding demographic characteristics.

Originality/value
– This paper identifies likely wine tasting participants based on demographics, psychographics and behavioral characteristics.
Regulating use of the internet in public libraries: a review
Authors: Spacey Rachel , Cooke Louise , Muir Adrienne , Creaser Claire 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to review current knowledge, research and thinking about the difficulties facing public libraries offering internet access to their users in ensuring legally compliant and non-offensive use of this facility whilst still adhering to the professional value of freedom of access to information.Design/methodology/approach– A range of recently published sources (1997-2013) relating to the technical and organisational measures used to manage public internet access primarily in public libraries in the UK with some limited international examples were reviewed and analysed. This work was undertaken as the underpinning research for an AHRC-funded project, MAIPLE (Managing Access to the internet in Public Libraries).Findings– The provision of public internet access is a well-established component of the role of public libraries, but is seen as a potential problem due to the possibility of misuse, and it appears that simplistic technical solutions have disappointed. Legislation increases the need for more effective solutions that can provide a balance between the need for legal compliance, a welcoming environment for users, and the protection of key freedoms. A range of measures are being adopted worldwide in response to this dilemma.Originality/value– Research exploring internet access in public libraries and its management in the UK is numerically small and much of it dates back to the start of the twenty-first century. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the available literature and is of relevance to practitioners and academics in the fields of public librarianship.
A new similarity measure for subject hierarchical structures
Authors: Zhang Jin , Lei Zeng Marcia 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new similarity method to gauge the differences between two subject hierarchical structures.Design/methodology/approach– In the proposed similarity measure, nodes on two hierarchical structures are projected onto a two-dimensional space, respectively, and both structural similarity and subject similarity of nodes are considered in the similarity between the two hierarchical structures. The extent to which the structural similarity impacts on the similarity can be controlled by adjusting a parameter. An experiment was conducted to evaluate soundness of the measure. Eight experts whose research interests were information retrieval and information organization participated in the study. Results from the new measure were compared with results from the experts.Findings– The evaluation shows strong correlations between the results from the new method and the results from the experts. It suggests that the similarity method achieved satisfactory results.Practical implications– Hierarchical structures that are found in subject directories, taxonomies, classification systems, and other classificatory structures play an extremely important role in information organization and information representation. Measuring the similarity between two subject hierarchical structures allows an accurate overarching understanding of the degree to which the two hierarchical structures are similar.Originality/value– Both structural similarity and subject similarity of nodes were considered in the proposed similarity method, and the extent to which the structural similarity impacts on the similarity can be adjusted. In addition, a new evaluation method for a hierarchical structure similarity was presented.
Do key investor information documents enhance retail investors’ understanding of financial products? Empirical evidence
Authors: Oehler Andreas , Höfer Andreas , Wendt Stefan 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyze whether key investor information documents (KIDs) provided by suppliers/issuers help retail investors to understand the key characteristics of financial products. KIDs are fact sheets composed to describe the characteristics of financial products in a brief, standardized and straightforward manner.Design/methodology/approach– In the empirical analysis, the authors evaluate different versions of KIDs and examine whether they meet minimum requirements to provide benefits for consumers.Findings– The empirical results suggest that subjects assess KIDs of suppliers/issuers merely as moderately appropriate to grasp the key characteristics of financial products. In contrast, neutral benchmark KIDs are generally evaluated as being superior to those of suppliers/issuers, which at best meet current legal requirements.Originality/value– The authors argue that a major reason for these findings is consumer policy’s assumption of omnicompetent subjects in line with the neoclassical idea of aHomo economicus. This assumption, however, is far from being both realistic and practical.
WTO dispute settlement system and democracy
Authors: Rai Sheela 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse the current proposals for reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement system. Two areas of proposed reforms have been chosen: one is regarding democratic control over the WTO dispute settlement body and the other is regarding structural balance within the WTO.Design/methodology/approach– It is a theoretical study based on decided cases, opinions and writing of other writers.Findings– Democratizing a judicial body from within is not the most desirable method to control it. Separation of powers and checks and balances which is termed as institutional balance in WTO is a better way to rein in the judicial organ of the WTO.Originality/value– Most of the work on WTO judicial reforms have either concentrated on technical aspects. Some writers have written about the dispute settlement system from a political point of view. Most of the writings seem to be shy of pointing towards obvious developments in the WTO dispute settlement system, e.g. the precedent system. The work analyses the proposed reforms from two perspectives and presents writer’s opinion on them which is clearly and openly stated.
Domestic legal traditions and the dispute settlement body
Authors: Fattore Christina 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to focus on the influence of domestic legal traditions on dispute behavior, which has been widely examined in the conflict literature, within the World Trade Organization (WTO). States with a civil legal tradition hold treaties and agreements in high esteem. Therefore, they will be more likely to file trade complaints and pursue adjudication when compared to states with common or mixed legal traditions.Design/methodology/approach– The hypotheses in this study have been tested using a quantitative test with data from the WTO regarding trade disputes.Findings– While civil law states are more likely to file complaints, they are less likely to pursue adjudication over a negotiated settlement.Originality/value– This study brings to light how domestic legal systems affect state behavior within an international legal body.
US-Mexico tomato dispute
Authors: Jacob Kosse Elijah , Devadoss Stephen , Luckstead Jeff 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide a historical background of the tomato dispute, review the USA trade law and its effect on the tomato trade, discuss the role of the North American Free Trade Agreement and other supply and demand factors on increased tomato imports from Mexico and present a conceptual analysis of the effects of a Suspension Agreement (a form of Voluntary Export Restraint) on the USA and Mexico. In 1996, the USA and Mexico signed the Suspension Agreement which sets a guaranteed minimum price for Mexican tomato imports.

Design/methodology/approach
– Conceptual analysis graphically illustrates how the Suspension Agreement affects the tomato trade for the USA and Mexico and shows the benefits and losses of consumers and producers in these two countries.

Findings
– There is no consensus regarding whether Mexico dumps tomatoes onto the US market. However, US trade law favors domestic producers, leading to the signing of the Suspension Agreement. It is shown here that this agreement has substantial welfare effects in both Mexico and the USA. While it was designed to protect US producers, it also aids Mexican consumers and may potentially improve Mexican producer surplus as well. Only US consumers unambiguously suffer a loss.

Research limitations/implications
– As the theoretical model indicates, the Suspension Agreement’s minimum price does help Floridian farmers but, if the rents are large enough, may also aid Mexican producers. If Mexican producers do gain, then quota rent is shifted from tomato consumers to Mexican producers. On the other hand, US consumers are hurt as well as tomato processing plants because they purchase fresh tomatoes for use as inputs. The higher price minimum after the 2013 agreement will likely intensify the welfare effects, and the addition of different categories with distinct prices is likely to have additional consequences for both welfare and trade distortions.

Originality/value
– As the USA and Mexico recently signed a new Suspension Agreement, this paper deals with a very timely and contentious trade dispute and contributes to the area of research international trade war. The literature on Suspension Agreements is also expanded by providing welfare analysis of both producers and consumers.
ETD on a shoestring
Authors: Feuer Gabor 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe how, with minimal budget, lots of goodwill, and successful collaboration, the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT) – at the time Ontario's newest university, could rapidly build an ETD collection.

Design/methodology/approach
– The project was sponsored by the UOIT library. DSpace was selected as the software platform. The paper describes the collaboration between the library, the faculty of graduate studies and the campus information technology department which resulted in the successful launch of the ETD program, Ontario's first example of establishing a born digital theses program and publishing platform.

Findings
– Innovative and risk-taking approaches combined with intra- and inter-organizational collaboration were the key factors contributing to success of the library ETD project.

Originality/value
– This case study emphasizes the value of entrepreneurial thinking. Other organizations can learn from the pitfalls and benefits encountered during the implementation of this project.
Will I get there? Effects of parental support on children's possible selves
Authors: Zhu Shimin , Tse Samson , Cheung Sing‐Hang , Oyserman Daphna 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundImagining one's future self is a hallmark of adolescence. But imagining is not enough; adolescents must feel that this future is plausibly likely and take action, which may require pragmatic support from parents. Prior research has examined the effect of parental aspirations and expectations on children's possible self, not the effect of their support.AimsTherefore, this study assessed the role of parental support on youths’ possible selves, strategies, and subjective likelihood of attaining possible selves.SampleA representative sample of Hong Kong Chinese secondary students aged 12–20 (N = 3,078).MethodsStudents responded to an in‐class questionnaire. Responses were analysed using generalized linear mixed models and linear mixed models.ResultsContent of hoped‐for possible selves was mostly about school and career. Content of feared possible selves was more diverse. Girls had more school‐ and career‐focused possible selves and were more likely to have strategies to attain their positive and avoid their negative possible selves. Students reporting more pragmatic support (‘If I need to know something about the world, I can ask my parent about it’) from parents had more school‐ and career‐focused possible selves and were more likely to believe they could attain their hoped‐for and avoid their feared possible selves and to report having at least one strategy to do so.ConclusionsParental pragmatic support provides students a secure base to engage in their future generally and in their school‐ and career‐focused future in particular.
Erstad, Ola & Sefton‐Green, Julian ed (2012) Identity, community, and learning lives in the digital ageCambridge UP (Cambridge & New York) isbn 978‐1‐10700‐591‐4 237 pp $103 http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/psychology/educational‐psychology/identity‐community‐and‐learning‐lives‐digital‐age
Authors: Esteban‐Guitart Moisès 
Published: June 2014

SummaryThis interesting book looks at the impact of the “digital age” on the interrelated forms of learning and identity. The focus is on learning lives: learning within and across a range of “whole‐life” experiences and locations. It will be essential reading for teachers and researchers concerned with a “whole‐life” perspective on learning, so if that is likely to be relevant to you, I recommend that you buy a copy for your own use.Moisès Esteban‐Guitart
Preconception counseling, fertility, and pregnancy complications after abdominal organ transplantation: a survey and cohort study of 532 recipients
Authors: Rupley Devon M. , Janda Allison M. , Kapeles Steven R. , Wilson Tim M. , Berman Deborah , Mathur Amit K. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundPregnancy after solid organ transplant is a significant priority for transplant recipients but how patients report being counseled is unknown.MethodsWe performed a single‐center retrospective cohort study and telephone survey of female patients ages 18–49 at the time of kidney, pancreas, or liver transplant from 2000 to 2012 (n = 532). Data on pregnancy counseling, fertility, and maternal, fetal‐ and transplant‐specific outcomes were collected. Multivariate Cox models assessed the impact of pregnancy on graft‐specific outcomes.ResultsThe survey response rate was 29% (n = 152). One‐third (n = 51) of women were actively counseled against pregnancy by one or more providers. A total of 17 pregnancies occurred among nine patients (5.9%), with 47% live births, 47% early embryonic demises, 5.9% stillbirths. Of live births, 50% were premature. Gestational complications, including diabetes, hypertension, and preeclampsia were present in 88% of mothers. Pregnancy after transplant was associated with higher rates of acute rejection than nulliparous transplant recipients (33% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.07) but did not significantly affect graft survival (HR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.01), after stratifying by organ and adjusting for clinical factors.ConclusionThis study suggests that transplant patients are being counseled against pregnancy despite acceptable risks of complications and no specific effects on long‐term graft function.
Characterization of delayed cracking in deep‐drawn Swift cups of metastable austenitic stainless steels
Authors: Ortega S. , Papula S. , Saukkonen T. , Talonen J. , Hänninen H. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTFracture behaviour of metastable austenitic stainless steels (Cr‐Ni grade 301 and low‐Ni high‐Mn grades 201 and 204Cu) that suffer of delayed cracking after deep drawing was examined. The phenomenon of delayed cracking is known to be related to the coexistence of internal hydrogen, strain‐induced α′‐martensite and tensile residual stresses. The objective of this study was to maximize the information attainable from the common Swift cup test, which is used to evaluate the formability and delayed cracking susceptibility of sheet metals. Fractures in deep‐drawn Swift cups were analysed macroscopically, by fracture surface study and electron backscatter diffraction analysis. Residual stresses in the cups were measured with X‐ray diffraction and α′‐martensite content using a Ferritescope. Estimation of fracture toughness of the materials was made using two different approaches: measuring the width of shear lips and relating it to the plastic zone size, and measuring the crack‐tip opening angle CTOA. On the basis of the results, grade 301 presents the highest fracture toughness, and 204Cu the lowest. Toughness of the materials seems to correlate with their nickel content. The order between the studied materials is similar when considering the susceptibility to delayed cracking.
PARADIGMS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Worsley Peter 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYThe author contends that there is no uniform mode of agricultural development. Rather, three major “ideal‐types” have to be distinguished: capitalist agriculture, peasant agriculture, and socialist agriculture. The continuing effectiveness of the first of these as a productive system, especially in its modern form, “agribusiness”, is discussed, as well as its social dysfunctions, as are attempts to develop socialist alternatives, from collectivization to cooperatives, and the continuing peasant dream of independence on one's own family smallholding.RÉSUMÉL'auteur soutient qu'il n'y a pas un mode unique de développement agricole, mais qu'il faut plutôt distinguer trois “idéal‐types” principaux: l'agriculture capitaliste, l'agriculture paysanne et l'agriculture socialiste. L'auteur procède alors à la discussion des themes suivants: l'efficacité de l'agriculture capitaliste à travers le temps, et spécialement dans sa forme moderne (“agribusiness”), mais aussi ses effets sociaux néfastes; les essais de développement d'alternatives socialistes, depuis la collectivisation jusqu‘à la coopérative; et l’éternel rêve paysan de l'indépendance à travers l'exploitation familiale.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGNach Meinung des Verfassers gibt es keinen einheitlichen Weg der landwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung. Vielmehr müssen drei “Idealtypen” unterschieden werden: kapitalistische Landwirtschaft, bäuerliche Landwirtschaft und sozialistische Landwirtschaft. Die anhaltende Effektivität der ersteren als Produktionssystem, vor allem in ihrer modernen Form, dem “Agribusiness”, wird diskutiert, ebenso deren soziale Unzulänglichkeiten, die Versuchc zur Entwicklung sozialistischer Alternativen von Kollektivierung bis hin zu Genossenschaften und der fortwährende Traum des Bauern von Unabhängigkeit auf dem eigenen kleinen Familienbetrieb.