bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of Oligonucleotides with Gold Nanoparticles: Factors Beyond Electrostatic and Van‐Der Waals Forces
Authors: Thakur Shaila , Cavallini Nicola , Ferrari Debora , Fabris Laura 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMotivated by the development of direct SERS for the detection of oligonucleotides as disease biomarkers, fundamental study is conducted for the adsorption of short model oligonucleotides onto gold nanoparticles (GNPs). It is observed that the variation in solution conditions has a profound effect on the way in which oligonucleotides bind to GNPs. The binding phenomenon is hypothesized to be a contribution of several factors: base composition, strand directionality, competition of oligonucleotides to bind to GNPs or undergo inter‐strand assembly, among others. In addition to these factors, the properties of the individual bases in the given solution conditions (such as protonation or deprotonation) also affect the way in which the oligonucleotide strand binds to GNPs. In future, using this understanding could aid in developing direct SERS‐based sensing methods for disease detection through identification of mutations in genetic biomarkers of disease. Based on the present hypothesis, knowledge gaps to fill and future research directions are suggested, to better understand these adsorption processes and optimize direct SERS biosensing.
Positive emotions for promoting quality improvement of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy for COVID‐19: In situ interprofessional simulation
Authors: Nomura Osamu , Aoyagi Arisa , Irie Jin , Goto Takeshi , Sugiyama Kana , Hanada Hiroyuki , Ishizawa Yoshiya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe requirement during the COVID‐19 pandemic to provide extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment regardless of experience caused high levels of anxiety among healthcare professionals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an in situ interprofessional simulation training conducted to improve readiness and preparedness for ECMO management of patients with COVID‐19 at a non‐high‐volume ECMO centre.MethodsThree emergency physicians, three clinical engineers and two nurses attended the 3‐h simulation held at Hirosaki University Hospital in December 2021, during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The training comprised a 30‐min briefing, a 1‐h ECMO circuit change session, a 1‐h in‐hospital transfer simulation for CT and a 30‐min debriefing. Before and after the training, participants completed an online survey of their emotions, based on the Japanese version of the Medical Emotion Scale (J‐MES). Related‐samples Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess potential changes in emotional responses before and after the simulation, and p < 0.05 was considered to indicate significance.ResultsParticipants' positive deactivating emotions increased from a median of 3.3 (range, 2.0–4.5) before the simulation to 4.0 (range, 2.5–5.0) after the simulation (p = 0.02), which indicates favourable performance according to the control value theory of educational psychology. There was no statistically significant change in other emotional categories.ConclusionParticipants' positive deactivating emotions increased significantly following an in situ ECMO simulation training, which indicates the efficacy of the training for improving the quality of ECMO management in patients with COVID‐19.
Constructing Hierarchical Zeolites with Highly Complete Framework via Controlled Desilication
Authors: Zhu Xiaochun , Gao Yu , Chen Haorong , Jiang Mengwei , Wang Xinyu , Miao Caixia , Shen Yanfeng , Ji Yonggang , Qin Zhengxing , Wu Zhijie , Song Weiyu , Xu Chunming , Shen Baojian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDesilication in alkaline medium has been widely used in construction of hierarchical zeolites for industrially relevant catalytic processes. The built of hierarchy in zeolites, especially with low aluminum stability or high Si/Al ratio, often suffers from uncontrolled destruction of zeolitic framework, accompanied by a significant loss of microporous domains and intrinsic acidity after desilication. Here, we report a novel and simple methodology for preparation of hierarchical zeolites with highly complete framework and minimum sacrifice of microporosity and acidity. The pre‐impregnated amines in zeolite micropores act as inner pore‐directing agents (iPDAs), largely protecting the zeolitic framework and moderating the silicon extraction during the alkaline treatment. The resulting hierarchical zeolites exhibit high crystallinity, tunable hierarchy, stable framework, and well‐preserved acidity, endowing them with significantly improved mass transport properties and enhanced activities in catalytic conversion of methanol or furfural.
Cleavage of Homonuclear Chalcogen‐Chalcogen Bonds in a Hybrid Platform in Response to X‐Ray Radiation Potentiates Tumor Radiochemotherapy
Authors: You Yuanyuan , Chang Yanzhou , Pan Shuya , Bu Qingyue , Ling Jiabao , He Weiling , Chen Tianfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChalcogens are used as sensitive redox‐responsive reagents in tumor therapy. However, chalcogen bonds triggered by external ionizing radiation, rather than by internal environmental stimuli, enable site‐directed and real‐time drug degradation in target lesions. This approach helps to bypass chemoresistance and global systemic toxicity, presenting a significant advancement over traditional chemoradiotherapy. In this study, we fabricated a hybrid monodisperse organosilica nanoprodrug based on homonuclear single bonds (disulfide bonds (S−S, approximately 240 kJ/mol), diselenium bonds (Se−Se, approximately 172 kJ/mol), and tellurium bonds (Te−Te, 126 kJ/mol)), including ditelluride‐bond‐bridged MONs (DTeMSNs), diselenide‐bond‐bridged MONs (DSeMSNs) and disulfide‐bond‐bridged MONs (DSMSNs). The results demonstrated that differences in electronegativities and atomic radii influenced their oxidation sensitivities and reactivities. Tellurium, with the lowest electronegativity, showed the highest sensitivity, followed by selenium and sulfur. DTeMSNs exhibited highly responsive cleavage upon exposure to X‐rays, resulting in oxidation to TeO32−. Furthermore, chalcogen‐hybridized organosilica was loaded with manganese ions (Mn2+) to enhance the release of Mn2+ during radiotherapy, thereby activating the the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and enhancing the tumor immune response to inhibit tumor growth. This investigation of hybrid organosilica deepens our understanding of chalcogens response characteristics to radiotherapy and enriches the design principles for nanomedicine based on prodrugs.
Estimation of density and viscosity of deep eutectic solvents: Experimental and machine learning approach
Authors: Patel Dhruv , Suthar Krunal J. , Balsora Hemant Kumar , Patel Dhara , Panda Swapna Rekha , Bhavsar Nirav 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) are increasingly recognized as sustainable alternatives suitable for a range of industrial applications. A precise comprehension of their properties is important for progress in science and engineering. In this study, we synthesized four novel ternary DESs using mandelic acid and measured their densities and viscosities at temperatures ranging from 298 to 353 K. Subsequently, an artificial neural network model was developed to predict DES density and viscosity based on temperature, critical properties, acentric factor, and molar ratio. The neural network parameters were optimized using experimental data from synthesized DESs and literature sources, both collectively over 500 data points for density and viscosity. Additionally, we investigated the influence of input parameters on model accuracy and assessed their significance. The results show that the average percentage relative error was 0.501 for density and 4.81 for viscosity. This research helps advance science and engineering applications of DESs.
Sustainable thermoplastic elastomers based on thermoplastic polyurethane and ground tire rubber
Authors: Kohári Andrea , Bárány Tamás 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this research, blends are prepared of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ground tire rubber (GTR) and its devulcanized version (dGTR). The primary objective is to produce thermoplastic elastomers wherein TPU is partially substituted by GTR or dGTR obtained from used tires, thereby forming a blend with a favorable cost/value ratio and a smaller environmental footprint. Throughout the experiment, the rubber content of the blends is varied between 0 and 50 wt% and the effect on mechanical properties is investigated. The blends are compounded with a twin‐screw extruder, after which sheet samples are produced by injection molding. With a view to a possible future industrial application, it is important that both the compounding and the injection molding of the specimens are easy to perform, even with a 50 wt% filler content. Increasing the amount of rubber phase reduce the tensile strength and elongation at break of the blends. Unfortunately, devulcanization did not significantly improve the properties of the blends. Overall, even at a (d)GTR content of 50 wt%, an elongation at break of 300% is achieved, which allows the use of the blends as thermoplastic elastomers. In addition, dynamic tests show that the rubber phase increases the damping capacity of the samples.
Mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics reveals metabolism of molnupiravir may lead to metabolic disorders and hepatotoxicity
Authors: Chen Jiahui , Chen Liqiong , Li Bin , Zhao Qi , Cheng Yan , Yan Dongmei , Liu Hongning , Li Fei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMolnupiravir (MO) is a pyrimidine nucleoside anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 drug. MO treatment could cause mild liver injury. However, the underlying mechanism of MO‐induced liver injury and the metabolic pathway of MO in vivo are unclear. In this study, metabolomics analysis and molecular biology methods were used to explore these issues. Through metabolomics analysis, it was found that the homeostasis of pyrimidine, purine, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and amino acids in mice was destroyed after MO treatment. A total of 80 changed metabolites were detected. Among these changed metabolites, 4‐ethylphenyl sulfate, dihydrouracil, and LPC 20:0 was related to the elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), interleukin‐6 (IL6), and nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB). The levels of 4‐ethylphenyl sulfate, dihydrouracil, and LPC 20:0 in plasma were positively correlated with their levels in the liver, suggesting that these metabolites were associated with MO‐induced liver injury. MO treatment could increase NHC and cytidine levels, activate cytidine deaminase (CDA), and increase LPC levels. CDA and LPC could increase the mRNA expression level of toll‐like receptor (TLR). The current study indicated that the elevation of hepatic TLR may be an important reason for MO leading to the liver injury.
XPO1 serves as a prognostic marker involving AKT/MAPK/TGFBR1 pathway in OSCC
Authors: Han Ying , Peng Ying , Xiong Haofeng , Zeng Liujun , Zhang Tianyi , Xia Kun , Hu Xin , Su Tong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundExportin 1 (XPO1) is a nuclear export protein that facilitates the transportation of various substances. XPO1 promotes tumor development as a poor prognostic factor in a variety of tumors and is a therapeutic target for screening inhibitors. However, the role of XPO1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has yet to be determined.MethodsThe expression patterns of XPO1 mRNA in OSCC were investigated using bioinformatics tools, and the expression levels of XPO1 protein in OSCC specimens were confirmed by immunohistochemical assays. Survival analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of XPO1 on prognosis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were utilized to uncover the signaling pathways mediated by XPO1. Additionally, we examined the association between XPO1 and AKT/MAPK/TGFBR1 and immune infiltration.ResultsXPO1 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly enhanced in OSCC and associated with OSCC severity. Enhanced XPO1 expression was indicative of poor survival. Functional analysis showed that XPO1 mediated pathways associated with cell cycle and DNA replication and reduced immune infiltration in OSCC. Additionally, XPO1 mRNA and protein expression levels had significant positive relationships with AKT/MAPK/TGFBR1.ConclusionsXPO1, as a marker of poor prognosis in OSCC, can promote OSCC through AKT/MAPK/TGFBR1.
Impact of M‐protein detection on the response evaluations of patients undergoing treatment with the IgG‐κ monoclonal antibodies daratumumab or isatuximab, and discrepancies between immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) systems and reagents
Authors: Shirouchi Yuko , Kaihara Kazumi , Sekita Tsunaki , Amano Naoko , Nakayama Konosuke , Miyake Kazunori , Abe Hitoshi , Oinuma Hirotoshi , Maruyama Dai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) is the standard method for confirming the presence of a monoclonal protein (M‐protein) at multiple myeloma (MM) diagnosis. IFE is also essential at assessment of complete response (CR) and stringent CR during treatment. As the CR assessment is influenced by daratumumab and isatuximab, HYDRASHIFT assays were developed.MethodsSamples from patients under treatment that included daratumumab or isatuximab were tested and monitored by IFE on the HYDRASYS system using HYDRASHIFT assays (HYDRASYS/HYDRASHIFT) and by IFE on the Epalyzer2 system (Epalyzer).ResultsThe IFE using HYDRASYS/HYDRASHIFT avoided a false positive caused by drug‐related IgG‐κ and contributed to accurate assessment of CR. Furthermore, HYDRASYS/HYDRASHIFT detected small M‐proteins at early relapse and detected free light chains (FLCs) in patients with renal impairment exhibiting high serum FLCs despite being often missed on Epalyzer.ConclusionSensitivity and specificity of M‐protein detection vary greatly depending on the IFE system and reagents used.
New Chalcone Incorporated Structurally Modified Pyridine‐Pyrimidine Derivatives as Anticancer Agents: Their Design, Synthesis, and in‐vitro Evaluation
Authors: Ketha Swarupa , Sudhakar Chithaluri , Kethireddy Shashikala , Eppakayala Laxminarayana 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChalcone‐incorporated pyridine‐pyrimidines i.e. derivatives of (5‐(6‐(pyrimidin‐5‐yl)pyridin‐3‐yl)thiophen‐2‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by analytical techniques. In addition, all the derivatives were examined for their capacity to fight against cancer towards four cell lines, including breast (MCF‐7), prostate (DU‐145 and PC3), and lung (A549) by utilizing the MTT technique and the clinically used chemotherapy medication, etoposide serving as a positive reference. All these results were expressed in IC50 μM, and values of synthesized compounds are compared with a reference drug, showing values ranging from 1.97±0.45 μM to 3.08±0.135 μM. Among those, a few compounds 10(a–e) demonstrated strong activities with corresponding cell lines.
Biological Properties, Health Benefits and Semisynthetic Derivatives of Edible Astraeus Mushrooms (Diplocystidiaceae): A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ung Alison T. , Chen Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEdible Astraeus mushrooms are known for their nutritional and culinary benefits and potential therapeutic properties. However, more investigation and discussion are still needed to understand their mechanisms of action regarding observed biological activities and thorough chemical analysis of bioactive compounds. This review provides a comprehensive summary and discussion of the bioactive properties and mode of action of Astraeus extracts and their isolated compounds. It covers their reported antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti‐tuberculosis, antimalarial, antiviral and antileishmanial activities, as well as their potential benefits on metabolic and cardiovascular health and immune function. The review highlights the significance of the biological potential of isolated compounds, such as sugar alcohols, polysaccharides, steroids, and lanostane triterpenoids. Moreover, the review identifies under‐researched areas, such as the chemical analysis of Astraeus species, which holds immense research potential. Ultimately, the review aims to inspire further research on the nutraceuticals or therapeutics of these mushrooms.
Surface sulfidation constructing gradient heterojunctions for high‐efficiency (approaching 18%) HTL‐free carbon‐based inorganic perovskite solar cells
Authors: Huo Xiaonan , Lv Jinqing , Wang Kexiang , Sun Weiwei , Liu Weifeng , Yin Ran , Sun Yansheng , Gao Yukun , You Tingting , Yin Penggang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDue to the advantages of cost‐effectiveness and tunable band gap, hole transport layer (HTL)‐free CsPbIXBr3−X carbon‐based inorganic perovskite solar cells (C‐IPSCs) are emerging candidates for both single junction and tandem solar cells. Because of the direct contact between the carbon electrode and the perovskite surface, energy barriers and defects at the interface limit the enhancement of power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this work, we first reported a preparation method of CsPbI2.75Br0.25 HTL‐free C‐IPSCs and developed an effective surface sulfidation regulation (SSR) strategy to promote hole extraction and inhibit non‐radiative recombination of inorganic perovskite by 2‐(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole (TCMTB) surface modification. The introduced S2− anions form strong binding with uncoordinated Pb ions, inhibit the perovskite degradation reaction, and effectively passivate the surface defects. In addition, PbS formed by the SSR strategy constructed a gradient heterojunction, which promoted the arrangement energy levels and enhanced hole extraction. An additional back‐surface field is induced at the interface of perovskite by energy band bending, which increases the open‐circuit voltage (VOC). As a result, the SSR‐based CsPbI2.75Br0.25 HTL‐free C‐IPSCs showed a PCE of 17.88% with a fill factor of 81.56% and VOC of 1.19 V, which was among the highest reported values of CsPbI2.75Br0.25 HTL‐free C‐IPSCs.
Advanced characterization techniques for phosphate cathodes in aqueous rechargeable zinc‐based batteries
Authors: Zhou Li‐Feng , Li Jia‐Yang , Peng Jian , Liu Li‐Ying , Zhang Hang , Wang Yi‐Song , Fan Yameng , Wang Jia‐Zhao , Du Tao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐based batteries are emerging as highly promising alternatives to commercially successful lithium‐ion batteries, particularly for large‐scale energy storage in power stations. Phosphate cathodes have garnered significant research interest owing to their adjustable operation potential, electrochemical stability, high theoretical capacity, and environmental robustness. However, their application is impeded by various challenges, and research progress is hindered by unclear mechanisms. In this review, the various categories of phosphate materials as zinc‐based battery cathodes are first summarized according to their structure and their corresponding electrochemical performance. Then, the current advances to reveal the Zn2+ storage mechanisms in phosphate cathodes by using advanced characterization techniques are discussed. Finally, some critical perspectives on the characterization techniques used in zinc‐based batteries and the application potential of phosphates are provided. This review aims to guide researchers toward advanced characterization technologies that can address key challenges, thereby accelerating the practical application of phosphate cathodes in zinc‐based batteries for large‐scale energy storage.
Binder‐induced inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interphase and physicochemical dual cross‐linked network for high‐performance SiOx anode
Authors: Wu Gang , Gao Yuanhang , Weng Zheng , Zheng Zhicheng , Fan Wenqiang , Pan Anqiang , Zhang Ning , Liu Xiaohe , Ma Renzhi , Chen Gen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSilicon oxide (SiOx) is heralded as the forefront anode material for high‐energy density lithium‐ion batteries, owing to its exceptional specific capacity. Nevertheless, the traditional combination of polyacrylic acid binder and acetylene black conductive carbon continues to struggle with the immense stress induced by the repetitive volume expansion and contraction processes. Here we report a high ionic conductivity, sulfonyl fluoro‐containing binder for SiOx anode via free radical copolymerization reaction between perfluoro (4‐methyl‐3,6‐dioxaoct‐7‐ene) sulfonyl fluoride and acrylic acid. The electrode fabrication process incorporated amino‐functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT‐NH2) as the conductive agent. A three‐dimensional conductive network structure is constructed through physical and chemical double cross‐linking interactions between the ‐COOH and ‐SO2F functional groups of PAF0.1 binder, the ‐NH2 groups of CNT‐NH2, and the ‐OH groups on the surface of SiOx, including hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds. In addition, the binder induces the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) rich in inorganic components such as Li2O, Li2SO3, Li2CO3, and LiF. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of the physically and chemically double cross‐linked three‐dimensional conductive network constructed by the PAF0.1 binder and CNT‐NH2, coupled with the rich‐inorganic SEI, the SiOx anode delivers exceptional rate performance, cycle stability, and lithium‐ion diffusion dynamics.
One‐Pot Conversion of Biomass Saccharides to γ‐Valerolactone over a Versatile Tin‐Containing Material
Authors: Li Xiangbiao , Cong Hang , Zhao Wenfeng , Yang Song , Li Hu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of biofuel γ‐valerolactone (GVL) from accessible biomass is an attractive and challenging goal. Here, we report an efficient, one‐pot, and mild strategy for the efficient production of GVL from various biomass saccharides without using any homogeneous acid as a co‐catalyst and molecular hydrogen as a hydrogen donor. A versatile porous tin‐containing material (Sn(M)−S) was designed as an individual heterogeneous catalyst. As high as 68.4 % yield of GVL form glucose was achieved in the presence of ammonia borane as a solid hydrogen donor under mild conditions, with GVL yields of 76.2 %, 68.9 %, 62.5 %, and 52.2 % being obtained from fructose, sucrose, cellobiose, and cellulose, respectively. The synergistic effect of Sn and sulfonic acid group in Sn(M)−S not only provides appropriate Lewis acid sites to promote the isomerization of glucose into fructose but also affords abundant Brønsted sites for the following conversion steps. Moreover, Sn(M)−S(1) showed good stability and reusability during consecutive recycles.