bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Web‐based communication aid for patients with cancer
Authors: Meropol Neal J. , Egleston Brian L. , Buzaglo Joanne S. , Balshem Andrew , Benson Al B. , Cegala Donald J. , Cohen Roger B. , Collins Michael , Diefenbach Michael A. , Miller Suzanne M. , Fleisher Linda , Millard Jennifer L. , Ross Eric A. , Schulman Kevin A. , Silver Allison , Slater Elyse , Solarino Nicholas , Sulmasy Daniel P. , Trinastic Jonathan , Weinfurt Kevin P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cancer patients and their oncologists often report differing perceptions of consultation discussions and discordant expectations regarding treatment outcomes. CONNECT, a computer‐based communication aid, was developed to improve communication between patients and oncologists.METHODS:CONNECT includes assessment of patient values, goals, and communication preferences; patient communication skills training; and a preconsultation physician summary report. CONNECT was tested in a 3‐arm, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Prior to the initial medical oncology consultation, adult patients with advanced cancer were randomized to the following arms: 1) control; 2) CONNECT with physician summary; or 3) CONNECT without physician summary. Outcomes were assessed with postconsultation surveys.RESULTS:Of 743 patients randomized, 629 completed postconsultation surveys. Patients in the intervention arms (versus control) felt that the CONNECT program made treatment decisions easier to reach (P = .003) and helped them to be more satisfied with these decisions (P < .001). In addition, patients in the intervention arms reported higher levels of satisfaction with physician communication format (P = .026) and discussion regarding support services (P = .029) and quality of life concerns (P = .042). The physician summary did not impact outcomes. Patients with higher levels of education and poorer physical functioning experienced greater benefit from CONNECT.CONCLUSIONS:This prospective randomized clinical trial demonstrates that computer‐based communication skills training can positively affect patient satisfaction with communication and decision‐making. Measurable patient characteristics may be used to identify subgroups most likely to benefit from an intervention such as CONNECT. Cancer 2013. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Adjuvant therapy for high‐grade, uterus‐limited leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Hensley Martee L. , Wathen J. Kyle , Maki Robert G. , Araujo Dejka M. , Sutton Gregory , Priebat Dennis A. , George Suzanne , Soslow Robert A. , Baker Laurence H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBACKGROUND:Between 30% and 50% of women who have high‐grade uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) limited to the uterus at diagnosis remain progression‐free at 2 years. Adjuvant pelvic radiation does not improve outcome. The objective of the current study was to determine the 2‐year and 3‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) among a prospective cohort of women who received adjuvant gemcitabine plus docetaxel followed by doxorubicin.METHODS:Women with uterus‐limited, high‐grade uLMS and adequate organ function were eligible. Within 12 weeks of complete resection and after confirmation that they had no evidence of disease on computed tomography (CT) images, the patients received 4 cycles of fixed‐dose‐rate gemcitabine plus docetaxel. Those who were confirmed disease‐free on CT scans after cycle 4 received 4 cycles of doxorubicin. CT imaging for recurrence was performed every 3 months for 2 years, then every 6 months for 3 years.RESULTS:In total, 47 women were enrolled (46 evaluable) in 3 years. Characteristics included a median age of 53 years; 1988 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I disease in 81% of patients, stage II disease in 15%, and serosa‐only stage IIIA disease in 4%; American Joint Committee on Cancer stage II disease in 13% of patients and stage III disease in 87%; a median tumor size of 8 cm (range, 2.5‐30 cm); and a median mitotic rate of 18 mitoses per 10 high‐power fields (range, 5‐83 mitoses per 10 high‐power fields). At a median follow‐up of 39.8 months, 21 of 46 patients developed recurrent disease (45.7%). The median time to recurrence was 27.4 months (range, 3‐40 months). Seventy‐eight percent of patients (95% confidence interval, 67%‐91%) were progression‐free at 2 years, and 57% (95% confidence interval, 44%‐74%) were progression‐free at 3 years. The median PFS was not reached and exceeded 36 months.CONCLUSIONS:Among women with high‐grade, uterus‐limited uLMS who received treatment with adjuvant gemcitabine plus docetaxel followed by doxorubicin, 78% remained progression‐free at 2 years, and 57% remained progression‐free at 3 years. A randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation to determine whether adjuvant chemotherapy can improve survival in women with uterus‐limited uLMS is underway. Cancer 2013. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
A trigger channel threshold artifact in nanoparticle analysis
Authors: Nolan John P. , Stoner Samuel A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe analysis of individual nanoparticles by flow cytometry involves the measurement of dim signals that are near the detection limits of the instrument. Discriminating the signal from particles of interest from that of background particles in buffers and from optical and electronic noise can be challenging, and requires careful consideration of the measurement approach, control experiments, and scrutiny of the resulting data. In applying this scrutiny, we have come to recognize an artifact that results from the inappropriate selection of the trigger channel threshold that might not be obvious to the casual user. When measuring dim signals close to the noise or background levels, it is intuitive and common for the operator to adjust the trigger threshold to minimize the “false triggers” acquired by the system, and then to run the unknown sample, interpreting the events detected above the background as measurements of individual particles. We show here that when this approach is used to measure particles whose signals fall below the trigger threshold, only coincident events are detected, producing erroneous measurements of both particle number and brightness. We suggest that in many cases, the analysis of dim nanoparticles is best achieved using a fluorescence channel for the trigger. © 2013 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Iron(II) Complexes of Two Amine/Imine N5 Chelate Ligands Containing a 1,4‐Diazepane Core – To Crossover or Not To Crossover
Authors: Schmidt Marc , Wiedemann Dennis , Moubaraki Boujemaa , Chilton Nicholas F. , Murray Keith S. , Vignesh Kuduva R. , Rajaraman Gopalan , Grohmann Andreas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractTwo new chelate ligands, 6‐methyl‐6‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1,4‐bis[(pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]‐1,4‐diazepane (4a) and 6‐methyl‐6‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1,4‐bis[2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)ethyl]‐1,4‐diazepane (4b), were synthesized from pyridine‐derived precursors in three‐step procedures. Both ligands have N5 donor sets consisting of two tertiary amine and three pyridyl N atoms. Complexation with FeCl2 or FeBr2 in MeOH followed by anion exchange with (nBu4N)PF6 gave the complexes [Fe(4a)X]PF6 and [Fe(4b)X]PF6 (X = Cl, Br) in moderate‐to‐good yields. The coordination geometry around the iron(II) centre, as determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, is strongly distorted octahedral for ligand 4a and more regular for ligand 4b. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show the complexes to contain high‐spin iron(II) over the whole range of temperatures (2 < T < 300 K). DFT calculations for the complexes of ligands 4a and 4b reproduce the high‐spin ground state and suggest that exchange of the halide ligand for ligands that exhibit some degree of π‐type interaction could induce SCO behaviour. Also, calculations of the zero‐field splitting (ZFS) parameters of these complexes rationalize the observed sign change on the basis of different degrees of structural distortion imparted by ligands 4a and 4b.
Formation of Zinc Hydroxide Nitrate by H+‐Catalyzed Dissolution‐Precipitation
Authors: Moezzi Amir , Cortie Michael , McDonagh Andrew M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe formation of zinc hydroxide nitrate, Zn5(OH)8(NO3)2·2H2O, by reaction between zinc oxide and aqueous zinc nitrate solution was examined. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis were used to analyze the conversion of nanoscale ZnO particles into much larger crystals of the hydroxide nitrate. The rate of the reaction displayed sigmoidal behavior with the maximum conversion rate at ca. 75 min. The reaction stoichiometry involves a 1:1 ZnO/Zn(NO3)2 molar ratio. The data indicate that an amorphous zinc‐containing intermediate phase is formed during the transition, and that the zinc hydroxide nitrate crystals nucleate and grow from this phase. The crystals of zinc hydroxide nitrate are several µm in size, but are formed from zinc oxide crystals of only a few hundred nanometers in size, indicating that mass transfer in the aqueous phase plays an important role. We propose that H+‐catalyzed dissolution/precipitation is the key process in the mechanism of the reaction. The zinc hydroxide nitrate is stable to about 110 °C, but decomposes above that temperature to a series of less hydrated phases, with associated loss of mass, until zinc oxide is formed at about 190 °C. The solubility product, Ksp, of Zn5(OH)8(NO3)2·2H2O in water was measured by two independent techniques and found to be in the range of 7.4–8.5 × 10–11.
Influence of kernel roasting on bioactive components and oxidative stability of pine nut oil
Authors: Cai Luyun , Cao Ailing , Aisikaer Guzanuer , Ying Tiejin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractChanges in the content of bioactive components, oxidative stability, and radical scavenging capacity of pine nut oils extracted from kernels roasted for different times (0–60 min) at 150°C were determined. Oil extracted from kernels roasted for 30 min demonstrated the highest oxidative stability. The browning index which indicates extent of Maillard reaction significantly (p<0.05) increased with roasting. Compared to samples from unroasted kernels, roasting was found to cause an increase in total phenolics and a reduction in the level of total tocopherols. Total carotenoids and total chlorophylls were also reduced by roasting and almost completely diminished in heaver roasting conditions. The highest radical scavenging capacity was detected in oil sample from kernels roasted for 30 min. The improvement of oxidative stability and antioxidant capacity is possibly resulted from the combined action of the neo‐formed Maillard reaction products, increased total phenolics, and other remaining bioactive components.
Synthesis of Nucleobase‐Functionalized Morpholino‐Modified Nucleoside Monomers Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Nandi Bappaditya , Pattanayak Sankha , Paul Sibasish , Sinha Surajit 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMorpholino‐modified nucleoside analogues have widespread applications in developmental biology. To achieve nucleobase‐functionalized forms of morpholino nucleosides, syntheses of 5‐substituted cytidine, 8‐substituted adenosine, and 8‐substituted guanosine morpholino nucleoside monomers are described for the first time. The syntheses are based on the use of 5‐iodocytidine, 8‐bromoadenosine, and 8‐bromoguanosine morpholino nucleosides as the key starting materials. These iodo or bromo derivatives have also been synthesized for the first time. Palladium‐mediated cross‐coupling reactions (Sonogashira, Suzuki, and Heck) were then employed with the halo derivatives to accomplish the substitutions. Different reaction conditions for C, A, and G were standardized to achieve the conversions. The strategy was devised in such a way that the usefulN‐trityl protecting groups remain at the end. The catalyst combinations used for Sonogashira, Suzuki, and Heck reactions were Pd(PPh3)2Cl2·CuI, Pd(dppf)Cl2·CH2Cl2, and Pd(OAc)2, respectively. Heck coupling between 5‐iodocytidine monomer and methyl acrylate worked well, whereas with acrylonitrile the exocyclic amine of cytidine was found to form the aza‐Michael adduct. In this context, treatment of iodocytidine with methyl acrylate under two different sets of conditions was found to produce either the Michael addition product or the Heck coupling product. Four of the functionalized morpholino monomers have been further confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis. All of these functionalized monomers were obtained in good to excellent overall yields.
Mineralization of phenanthrene sorbed on multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Xia Xinghui , Zhou Chuanhui , Huang Jianhua , Wang Ran , Xia Na 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have attracted attention around the world because of their high sorption capacity for hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs); however, the bioavailability of HOCs sorbed on carbon nanotubes to bacteria is not well known. In the present study, 14C-labeled and unlabeled phenanthrene was spiked onto four kinds of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and aged for 60 d, and the mineralization of phenanthrene sorbed on MWCNTs was studied. The mineralization efficiencies of phenanthrene sorbed on the four kinds of MWCNTs were 2.38, 8.84, 23.88, and 31.47%, respectively, after incubation for 35 d, which were positively correlated with the sum of fast and slow desorption fractions of phenanthrene (p &lt; 0.05). The authors found that the mineralization efficiencies agreed well with the MWCNT properties; the increasing specific surface area and mesopore and micropore volume of MWCNTs caused a significant decrease in the mineralization efficiency of phenanthrene (p &lt; 0.05). After incubation for 35 d, the density of bacteria had a significant positive correlation with both the desorption and the mineralization efficiencies. The authors inferred that, although MWCNTs might have toxic effects on the bacteria, the biodegrading ability of bacteria might not decrease significantly under the influence of MWCNTs with low surface area. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:894–901. © 2013 SETAC
Technology: Shaky estimates show renewables cost enormous
Authors: Skinner R. Kenneth 
Published: January 2013

AbstractEnergy policy took a back seat to more immediate issues during this year's presidential debates, issues like job creation, economic growth, and the role of Big Bird as a publicly funded icon. Although not discussed frequently, it seems that both political parties agree that energy independence and renewable energy choices are important for our energy future. This past decade, under both the Bush and Obama administrations, alternative energy choices have been encouraged through various policies at both the state and federal levels.
NERC matters: Eliminating zero‐tolerance enforcement
Authors: Carpentier Deborah 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSince the mandatory enforcement of Reliability Standards, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and its eight regional entities (collectively, “NERC Enterprise”) have prosecuted almost every potential violation, regardless of the risk posed to the bulk electric system (BES) resulting from such violation. Even if many of these violations resulted in zero or nominal penalties, the resources expended by the NERC Enterprise and the entities that must comply with the NERC Reliability Standards, called “Registered Entities,” were substantially similar in scope to the resources dedicated to the prosecution of higher‐risk violations.
High‐resolution topography and anthropogenic feature extraction: testing geomorphometric parameters in floodplains
Authors: Sofia Giulia , Fontana Giancarlo Dalla , Tarolli Paolo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn floodplains, anthropogenic features such as levees or road scarps, control and influence flows. An up‐to‐date and accurate digital data about these features are deeply needed for irrigation and flood mitigation purposes. Nowadays, LiDAR Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) covering large areas are available for public authorities, and there is a widespread interest in the application of such models for the automatic or semiautomatic recognition of features. The automatic recognition of levees and road scarps from these models can offer a quick and accurate method to improve topographic databases for large‐scale applications. In mountainous contexts, geomorphometric indicators derived from DTMs have been proven to be reliable for feasible applications, and the use of statistical operators as thresholds showed a high reliability to identify features. The goal of this research is to test if similar approaches can be feasible also in floodplains. Three different parameters are tested at different scales on LiDAR DTM. The boxplot is applied to identify an objective threshold for feature extraction, and a filtering procedure is proposed to improve the quality of the extractions. This analysis, in line with other works for different environments, underlined (1) how statistical parameters can offer an objective threshold to identify features with varying shapes, size and height; (2) that the effectiveness of topographic parameters to identify anthropogenic features is related to the dimension of the investigated areas. The analysis also showed that the shape of the investigated area has not much influence on the quality of the results. While the effectiveness of residual topography had already been proven, the proposed study underlined how the use of entropy can anyway provide good extractions, with an overall quality comparable to the one offered by residual topography, and with the only limitation that the extracted features are slightly wider than the investigated one. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validity evidence for the back beliefs questionnaire in the general population
Authors: Bostick G.P. , Schopflocher D. , Gross D.P. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundDespite common usage of the back beliefs questionnaire (BBQ) in a variety of studies, important validity evidence is missing. The objective of this study was to examine the validity of the BBQ in the general population.MethodsA population‐based, cross‐sectional study design was used. Adult residents in two Canadian provinces were randomly sampled. To examine structural validity, items from the BBQ were subjected to factor analysis. Construct validity was tested by examining two hypotheses: BBQ scores would be most pessimistic in those with a recent history of back pain and in those who utilized passive treatments for back pain. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the two hypotheses.ResultsComplete data were available for 6171 subjects. The best structure for the BBQ was to use eight or nine of the 14 items for scoring, which is consistent with the structure reported by the BBQ developers. BBQ scores varied based on participants’ history of low back pain (LBP) and depended on pain severity. Those with severe pain and a recent history of LBP had the most pessimistic BBQ scores. In addition, participants who utilized passive management behaviours such as bed rest and activity avoidance had more pessimistic BBQ scores compared with those that did not.ConclusionsThis study provides strong validity evidence supporting the current structure and scoring of the BBQ. In addition, construct validity was evidenced by the behaviour of BBQ scores in a manner congruent with our hypotheses, further supporting use of the BBQ in the general population.
It's not about pager replacement: An in‐depth look at the interprofessional nature of communication in healthcare
Authors: Quan Sherman D. , Wu Robert C. , Rossos Peter G. , Arany Teri , Groe Silvi , Morra Dante , Wong Brian M. , Cavalcanti Rodrigo , Coke William , Lau Francis Y. 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUNDInstitutions have tried to replace the use of numeric pagers for clinical communication by implementing health information technology (HIT) solutions. However, failing to account for the sociotechnical aspects of HIT or the interplay of technology with existing clinical workflow, culture, and social interactions may create other unintended consequences.OBJECTIVETo evaluate a Web‐based messaging system that allows asynchronous communication between health providers and identify the unintended consequences associated with implementing such technology.DESIGNIntervention—a Web‐based messaging system at the University Health Network to replace numeric paging practices in May 2010. The system facilitated clinical communication on the medical wards for coordinating patient care. Study design—pre‐post mixed methods utilizing both quantitative and qualitative measures.PARTICIPANTSFive residents, 8 nurses, 2 pharmacists, and 2 social workers were interviewed. Pre‐post interruption—15 residents from 5 clinical teams in both periods.MEASUREMENTSThe study compared the type of messages sent to physicians before and after implementation of the Web‐based messaging system; a constant comparative analysis of semistructured interviews was used to generate key themes related to unintended consequences.RESULTSInterruptions increased 233%, from 3 pages received per resident per day pre‐implementation to 10 messages received per resident per day post‐implementation. Key themes relating to unintended consequences that emerged from the interviews included increase in interruptions, accountability, and tactics to improve personal productivity.CONCLUSIONSMeaningful improvements in clinical communication can occur but require more than just replacing pagers. Introducing HIT without addressing the sociotechnical aspects of HIT that underlie clinical communication can lead to unintended consequences. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;8:137–143. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
Reproducibility of first‐pass cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion
Authors: Larghat Abdulghani M. , Maredia Neil , Biglands John , Greenwood John P. , Ball Stephen G. , Jerosch‐Herold Michael , Radjenovic Aleksandra , Plein Sven 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPurpose:To assess the reproducibility of semiquantitative and quantitative analysis of first‐pass myocardial perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in healthy volunteers.Materials and Methods:Eleven volunteers underwent myocardial perfusion CMR during adenosine stress and rest on 2 separate days. Perfusion data were acquired in a single mid‐ventricular section in two cardiac phases to permit cardiac phase reproducibility comparisons. Semiquantitative analysis was performed to derive normalized upslopes of myocardial signal intensity profiles (myocardial perfusion index, MPI). The quantitative analysis estimated absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) using Fermi‐constrained deconvolution. The perfusion reserve index was calculated by dividing stress by rest data. Two observers performed all the measurements independently. One observer repeated all first scan measurements 4 weeks later.Results:The reproducibility of perfusion CMR was highest for semiquantitative analysis with an intraobserver coefficient of variability (CoV) of 3%–7% and interobserver CoV of 4%–10%. Semiquantitative interstudy comparison was less reproducible (CoV of 13%–27%). Quantitative intraobserver CoV of 10%–18%, interobserver CoV of 8%–15% and interstudy CoV of 20%–41%. Reproducibility of systolic and diastolic phases and the endocardial and epicardial myocardial layer showed similar reproducibility on both semiquantitative and quantitative analysis.Conclusion:The reproducibility of CMR myocardial perfusion estimates is good, but varies between intraobserver, interobserver, and interstudy comparisons. In this study semiquantitative analysis was more reproducible than quantitative analysis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:865–874. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.