bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insight evaluation in a Tunisian stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia
Authors: Ajmi S. , Bouhamed M. , Makni K. , Masmoudi R. , Feki I. , Sallemi R. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic condition that leads to major socio-professional disintegration and personal suffering. In addition to the classic clinical symptoms, these patients also suffer from poor insight.ObjectivesTo assess insight in a population followed up for schizophreniaMethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive which concerned the patients followed in the unit of outpatient post-cure consultations of psychiatry ‘A’ at the CHU Hedi Chaker of Sfax. We included 72 stabilized patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the DSM criteria 5. For the collection of sociodemographic and clinical data, we used a pre-established sheet. We used the schedule for the Assessment of Insight–Expanded Version(SAI-E) scale to assess clinical insightResultsThe mean age of the patients in our study was 46.83 ± 11.6 years, with a sex ratio (M/F) of 2.They were single in 48.5%, and unemployed in 69.4%. Their level of education did not exceed primary school at 44.4% and their socio-economic level was low at 63.9%.In our study, 72.2% of patients had no somatic history and 36.1% had a history of attempted suicide.Using the SAI-E scale, the mean score was 20.1 with a minimum of 5 and a maximum of 28.ConclusionsAt the end of this evaluation, it is important to emphasize that insight seems to be an important prognostic factor.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Do attachment styles influence the sexual function of an individual?
Authors: Rodrigues J. C. , Soares T. P. , Ribeiro L. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAttachment theory, first proposed by John Bowlby and later extended by Mary Ainsworth and others, outlines how experiences of early childhood attachment with caregivers can affect one’s emotional and interpersonal relationships throughout adulthood. Typically, attachment styles are categorised into four main types: secure, anxious-ambivalent, avoidant and disorganised. Conversely, it is recognised that various biological, psychological, relational, social and iatrogenic factors elements can impact an individual’s sexual function.ObjectivesOur aim with this research was to present the most current literature on whether there is a correlation between attachment styles and sexual function.MethodsWe conducted a non-systematic review on the topic using PubMed and PsycInfo.ResultsThere is evidence indicating a link between attachment styles and sexual function.People with secure attachment styles tend to experience more positive and fulfilling sexual relationships. Such individuals typically have a more positive self-image, they feel at ease with emotional intimacy, and are therefore able to openly communicate their needs and desires. They exhibit a healthy balance between seeking closeness and maintaining independence.Individuals with anxious attachment styles may experience heightened levels of sexual anxiety and insecurity. Concerns regarding rejection or abandonment within sexual relationships may impact their sexual function and satisfaction. These individuals usually have a negative self-image and may be more prone to seek reassurance and validation through sexual activities.People with avoidant attachment styles may encounter obstacles in developing emotional intimacy and closeness, which can negatively affect their sexual relationships. Such individuals might experience commitment anxiety and prioritise physical aspects of sexual activity over emotional bonding, ultimately decreasing sexual satisfaction for both them and their partners.Disorganised attachment styles are linked with challenges in regulating their emotions and behaviours in intimate situations, which can have a negative impact on sexual function and satisfaction.ConclusionsWhile the literature proposes attachment styles may impact sexual function, it is important to acknowledge other factors that contribute to sexual function. In addition to biological and iatrogenic factors, individual personality, relationship dynamics, past experiences, and cultural influences all have a significant role in shaping one’s sexual behaviour and satisfaction. All of these should be addressed in order to alleviate sexual difficulties.Moreover, attachment styles may develop and change over time through positive relationships and therapeutic interventions, potentially leading to changes in one’s sexual functioning and relationship dynamics.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Geographical variation in compulsory mental health care: cause for concern and source of causal inference
Authors: Hofstad T. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCompulsory mental health care remains a controversial practice. The many difficulties in performing Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT) on the topic means there is limited evidence to support its effectiveness. For ethical and legal reasons, compulsory mental health care should only be used when necessary. Yet, geographical variations, which can indicate both overuse and underuse, have been observed. In the funded research project “Controversies in Psychiatry” we intend to use this variation as a source of knowledge production. We propose that this naturally occurring variation mimics randomisation, and can therefore permit causal inference from registry data.ObjectivesWe will estimate the causal effect of compulsory inpatient mental health care on a range of outcomes, including injuries, self-harm, and all-cause mortality; violent crime; employment vs benefit allowance; rehospitalisation and outpatient commitment.MethodsObserved variation in register data on all episodes of compulsory inpatient mental health care in Norway between 2015-2016 (N ≈ 300 000), will serve as a source of as-random variation. Provider-preference for compulsion usage will be used as an instrumental variable (IV).ResultsOutcomes will be observed from 2017-2025. If assumptions underlying IV-analysis do not hold, the project will still provide important and complete descriptive data on long-term outcomes for a whole population.ConclusionsGeographical variation is a cause for concern if people are treated differently depending on area of residence. But it also presents an opportunity to use differences in service provider’s preference for using compulsory care as an instrumental variable to estimate the causal effect of compulsory care on multiple short and long-term outcomes. This approach can help resolve controversies that are difficult or even impossible to investigate through RCTs. After presenting the project plan we invite to a discussion of the feasibility of using an instrument variable approach to explore if relatively low versus high rates of compulsory care produce favorable outcomes for patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Sleep disorders among women with post-menopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Feki A. , Sellami I. , Trabelsi B. , Gassara Z. , Ben Djemaa S. , Abbes A. , Ezzeddine M. , Kallel M. H. , Fourati H. , Akrout R. , Mejdoub Y. , Baklouti S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionOsteoporosis (OP) is characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. Recent studies have suggested that sleep may significantly influence the pathophysiology of OP.Objectives
In the present study, we aimed to determine sleep disorders among women with post-menopausal
OP.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2023. Patients with post-menopausal OP who visited the rheumatology department in a university hospital in Tunisia were interviewed. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). It is a seven-component scale, including: sleep quality (C1), sleep latency (C2), sleep duration (C3), sleep efficiency (C4), sleep disturbances (C5), sleep medication use (C6), and daytime dysfunction (C7).PSQI ≤ 7 indicated normal sleep quality, and PSQI > 7 indicated poor sleep quality.Results
Ninety-three women diagnosed with post-menopausal OP were interviewed. the number of complete questionnaires was 72. The valid rate was 77.4%. All were women. The mean age was 72.5 (±1.08). The median duration of menopause was 23 years (IIQ= [10.5-28.5]). Forty-five women were diagnosed with bone fractures (62%). Thirty-three patients (45.8%) were obese (IMC>30). The median PSQI score was 16 (IIQ = [6-18]). Forty-seven participants (65.3%) had poor sleep quality (PSQI > 7). According to the items of PSQI: the median score of sleep duration, sleep Efficiency and sleep disturbances was 1 (IIQ= [1 -2]) for each item. The median score of sleep latency was 3 (IIQ=[2-3]). For daytime dysfunction, the median score was 2 (IIQ=[0-3]).
Study analytics revealed a significant association between daytime dysfunction and the presence of bone fractures (p=10-3), the same was with sleep disturbances and bone fractures (p=10-3). Body mass index (BMI) was significantly and inversely associated with sleep quality (r= -0.313; p= 0.007). Sleep latency was significantly associated with physical activity (p<10-3).ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results suggest that sleep quality is associated with physical activity and BMI. This is consistent with the most recent evidence in the literature. These findings support expanding the scope of wellness programs to promote healthy sleep among osteoporotic women.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
How effective is ketogenic diet in sleep disorders ?
Authors: Kouki N. , maamri A. , kouki N. , zaafrane M. A. , Hajri A. , zalila H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSleep disorders vary widely and its treatment are based on a combination of life style changes and pharmacological therapy adapted to the primer health issue. Ketogenic diet has shown not only its efficacy in different health conditions, but it is also becoming a popular health trend. Could the therapeutic spectrum of ketogenic diet cover sleep disturbances ?ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of ketogenic diet on sleep disordersMethodsTo identify relevant studies ,our literature review was based on the Pubmed interface and adapted for 2 databases : science direct and google scholar. We used the following key words ( ketogenic diet [meSH terms]) and (sleep disorders [meSH terms]).ResultsOur research revealed 14 articles published between 2012 and 2022. We selected 8 which corresponded to the purpose of our review. The ketogenic diet affects sleep hemostasis indirectly. In fact, this diet is associated with weight loss and therefore reduction of metabolic and cardiovascular complications disturbing sleep quality. From a neurobiological perspective, this regimen based on limited carbohydrates is associated with a low Tryptophan intake which is the precursor of melatonin. But on the other hand, Ketone bodies trigger adenosine activity which promotes melatonin liberation, the sleep inducing hormone.ConclusionsKetogenic diet modulates melatonin activity therefore affects sleep architecture. Meanwhile, Its impact on sleep disorders is still controversed due to the variation of its pathophysiological mechanisms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Suicidal impulsivity secondary to traumatic brain injury
Authors: Fernandez Logroño J. , Vazquez Arjona C. I. , Romero Mañas I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionI present the case of a 58-year-old patient who developed frequent, unpredictable and prolonged suicidal impulsivity (more than 8 years of evolution) after one year of suffering a traumatic brain injury, with very serious suicide attempts in the context of very brief periods of dysthymia and no history of mental illness or any other accompanying psychopathology.Throughout this admission, a progressive dehospitalization has also been carried out, with afternoon outings in the company of his wife or son up to a full weekend.Objectives
Shortly before, frequent “déjà vu” crises had also begun. Additional imaging tests (CT and cranial MRI) had been performed privately, which had been normal, and an EEG with sleep deprivation had been requested, but the patient had not attended.For 8 years he had started various successive antidepressant treatments that had always been ineffective or had produced agitation, which was diagnosed as akathisia, after a week of treatment. In a single previous hospital admission, with the initial diagnosis of major depressive disorder finally ruled out, he was discharged apparently asymptomatic, and was readmitted after making three new successive serious attempts at self-lysis a week after discharge.MethodsThroughout this hospitalization (37 days), a practically invariable mental state is observed from the first day in which only rambling thoughts with very limited content stand out, with permanent and apparently credible criticism regarding previous self-harming behaviors, without appearance of new impulses or self-harming behaviors and reporting a significant decrease in the frequency and emotional impact of “déjà vu” type crises, which are now limited to the moment of waking up in the afternoon, after a brief nap, and occasionally.ResultsHe was discharged from the hospital with the diagnosis of post-concussive syndrome (ICD 10-F0.78.2) and remains stable for the moment (one month later) in improvement, maintaining anxiolytic and antidepressant treatment, as well as anticonvulsants, and pending continuation of the study for part of neurology.ConclusionsWe think that this case shows how, within the immense etiological variety of suicidal behavior, there may be a cause conditioned exclusively by brain damage.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Anhedonia and suicidal ideation in young people with early psychosis: findings from a 2-year Italian follow-up study.
Authors: Pelizza L. , Poletti M. , Raballo A. , Di Lisi A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHedonic deficits have been extensively studied in schizophrenia, but little is known about their association with suicidal ideation in early psychosis. Along the clinical staging of psychosis, also Ultra-High Risk (UHR) individuals are characterized by hedonic deficits, which are currently considered as putative predictors of both psychosis conversion and poor social/role functioning.ObjectivesThe aim of this research was to examine the relationship between anhedonia and suicidal thoughts across a 2-year follow-up period in people with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) and at Ultra High Risk (UHR) of psychosis.MethodsNinty-six UHR and 146 FEP, aged 13–35 years, completed the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The BDI-II “Anhedonia” subscale score to assess anhedonia and the CAARMS “Depression” item 7.2 subscore to measure depression were used across the 2 years of follow-up. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed.ResultsNo difference in anhedonia scores between FEP and UHR individuals was found. In the FEP group, a significant enduring association between anhedonia and suicidal ideation was found at baseline and across the follow-up, independent of clinical depression. In the UHR subgroup, the enduring relationship between anhedonia and suicidal thoughts were not completely independent from depression severity.ConclusionsAnhedonia is relevant in predicting suicidal ideation in early psychosis. Specific pharmacological and/or psychosocial interventions on anhedonia within specialized EIP program could reduce suicide risk overtime.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Experiences of the first two pandemic years (2020 and 2021) in regards of the alteration of violent suicide attempts compared to 2016-2021. Presenting demographic features. Research made at Dr. Manninger Jenő National Traumatology Center, Hungary
Authors: Szeifert N. M. , Sebők B. , Szilágyi S. , Bérdi M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDuring the pandemic years in Hungary the completed suicide rates hasrisen significantly. Suicide rates had been decreasing until 2019 since 1986. In 2019, 1550 people dead by completed suicide, in 2020 this number increased to 1705, in 2021,1561 cases were registered. Violent suicide attempts represent the majority of completed suicides.ObjectivesIn our study we were analysing the number of alteration of violent suicide attempts between 2016-2021, focusing on the trend in the first two years of the pandemic outbreak. 228 inpatients (65,4% male, 34,6% female) gone under medical treatment due to violent suicide attempts between 2016-2021 at Dr. Manninger Jenő National Traumatology Center, Budapest, Hungary.MethodsWe used an interrupted time-series analysis with Prais-Winsten regression, controlling autoagressive and seasonal effects, to estimate the effect of the pandemic years on the violent suicide attempt rates in our sample. Demographic features, risk factors for suicidal behaviours, motivation and methods were analysed by Chi-square test and cross tabulation.ResultsComparing to the previous years, in the first two pandemic years significantly has risen the number of inpatients treated because of violent suicide attempts. After the rapid change in 2020, decreasing numbers could be observed in 2021.ConclusionsAnalyzing the numbers of violent suicide attempts between 2016 and 2021, an increase inthe number of attempts was observed during the first two pandemic years. Detailed demographic data and potential risk factors are also to be presented in the lecture.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A Pilot Predictive Model for Indirect Assessment of Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Rus Prelog P. , Matić T. , Pregelj P. , Sadikov A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn recent years, there has been a concerning increase in suicidal thoughts and, in some countries, completed suicides, amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Screening for suicidal ideation (SI) in the general population is limited due to ethical, effectiveness, and feasibility concerns. Identifying individuals at risk of suicide remains a complex challenge. Our study aimed to develop a predictive model using COVID-19 data, gathering psychometric information from 1790 respondents in Slovenia via an online survey conducted between July 2020 and December 2020, with a second wave of data (ne=1200) collected from January 2022 to February 2022.ObjectivesWith 9.7% of respondents reporting recent SI in the first wave of data, our primary goal was to estimate SI indirectly using SIDAS. We examined changes in habits, demographics, coping strategies, and satisfaction in key life aspects to discreetly identify potential risk factors.MethodsWe employed four machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, and support vector machines) and assessed model performance using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Initial assessment used a held-out dataset, followed by validation with a new cohort of 1,200 users from the late COVID-19 period.ResultsLogistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost achieved comparable AUCs, reaching 0.83 on unseen data. Our analysis revealed significant associations between Brief-COPE subscales and SI. Self-Blame emerged as a strong SI indicator, followed by increased Substance Use, reduced Positive Reframing, Behavioral Disengagement, dissatisfaction with relationships, and younger age, in both 2020 and 2022 models. The model consistently performed well, even with varying population characteristics.Conclusions
These results suggest that SI presence can be reasonably estimated using selected indicators, offering promise for developing an indirect screening tool without explicit questioning about suicidal thoughts. However, individuals flagged as at-risk should undergo clinical examination, as this model serves as an initial step in identifying SI risk factors in the context of the stressful event’s (COVID-19 pandemic) impact on mental health.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Epidemic of Non-Suicidal Self-Harm in Adolescents and Young Adults in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Molchanova E. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
During the last two years, many young people and adolescents in the Kyrgyz Republic started to visit specialists due to Non-suicidal self-harm. A significant rise in the amount of such cases allowed specialists from the Republican Center of Psychiatry in Bishkek to think about an “epidemic “of self-harming behavior. Non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH) is defined as repeated, deliberate, direct injury to the body without suicidal intent that is not socially acceptable (Nixon et al., 2002) to reduce psychological discomfort in the absence of a conscious intention to take one’s life (ICD-10 codes X60-X84, and ICD-11 codes PB80-PD3Z).ObjectivesTo determine the causes of NSSH among adolescents and young adults who approached specialists in mental health sphere at Institute of Behavioral Health at the American University of Central Asia.MethodsOver two years, forty-five adolescents and young adults under twenty-five who had committed self-harm visited specialists from the Behavioral Health Institute at the American University of Central Asia.All the patients received either dialectical behavioral treatment or cognitive processing treatment, medication (paroxetine) was used in three cases.ResultsThirty patients were girls under twenty-one, and fifteen were boys and young male adults. The overwhelming majority (40 people) had self-inflicted cuts, two had imposed burns with matches and cigarettes, and one had used self-suffocation without a bond. Reasons for self-harm were the following: releasing internal tension and anxiety, getting some rest from intrusive thoughts, relieving the inner pain, and a desire to “feel as a whole person.” All the patients underlined that they did not want to attract attention from their family members; moreover, they tried to hide the consequences of self-harm.
Teens and young adults (twelve patients) from Kyrgyz traditional families visited a consultant or psychiatrist after a long drive through conventional or religious healers. All of the patients knew that they were addicted to self-harm, wanted to stop a problematic behavior, and could not stop it on their own. Ten patients have been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Two of them also had eating disorders. Five patients had PTSD, and five had social phobia. The others had recognizable anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsThe enormous rise of non-suicidal self-harm is a phenomenon that needs further research. Those cases often resist treatment due to the “addictive” component in the pathogenesis.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared