bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity and population structure of the semiterrestrial crab Armases benedicti (Brachyura, Sesarmidae) along the North Brazilian coast
Authors: Adam Carolina L. , Schubart Christoph D. , Masunari Setuko , Marochi Murilo Z. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
For coastal marine species, gene flow patterns are intricately shaped by environmental factors such as oceanographic currents and river plumes. Despite these natural barriers, pelagic larval duration and salinity tolerance potentially facilitate the movement of individuals, resulting in panmixia. This study utilized Cox1 mtDNA data to conduct population genetics and structure analysis of the semiterrestrial crab Armases benedicti along the North Brazilian coast. The haplotype network displayed a star-like configuration, indicating recent mutation events and confirming minimal genetic structure. While DAPC analysis identified three distinct genetic clusters, limited genetic differentiation and negligible structuring were evident between Amapá, the northmost coastal Brazilian state, and Pará (approx. 400 km from the Amapá sampling site). Maranhão (approx. 600 km from Pará) exhibited higher Fst values in all pairwise comparisons but remained just one mutational step away from other sites. Despite coastal barriers affecting genetic connectivity, our findings suggest that A. benedicti populations demonstrate low genetic differentiation, hinting at the minimal impact of the Amazon plume as a barrier to gene flow, possibly due to the species’ adaptability to brackish environments. However, employing more informative genetic markers and conducting complementary ecological studies on larval salinity tolerance remain crucial for a deeper understanding of Armases population dynamics and adaptive strategies.
Progressive chelar polymorphism in the mangrove crab, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Ocypodidae) from the south-western Atlantic
Authors: João Marcio C. A. , Kriegler Nicholas , Hernáez Patricio , Pinheiro Marcelo A. A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Morphological variation of body size and appendages is defined as polymorphism and may be associated with important structures linked to the sexual selection process. Some studies have suggested an expressive heterochely (i.e., dissimilar chelipeds) in the male adult phase of the semi-terrestrial crab Ucides cordatus, an important decapod species of mangrove systems from the western Atlantic. Here, the morphology, size, and growth pattern of male chelipeds in U. cordatus from the Brazilian coast were examined to test for polymorphism, considering that adult males usually develop one ornamented and hypertrophied cheliped. Two cheliped morphs were detected in U. cordatus males: chelipeds can be either homochelous or heterochelous and both morphotypes occur from the juvenile to adult phase. The higher frequencies of heterochelous males in larger size classes (71%: ⩾51 mm CW) and homochelous males in smaller ones (56%: <51 mm CW) confirmed that the prevalence of each morph is also associated with the ontogeny in males. The ornamentation of both morphs mainly differed in the dentition of cutting edges, but it was similar in the presence and position of tubercles. Adult crabs with homochelous and heterochelous chelipeds reached a similar body size, but their major chelipeds were significantly different in size and growth pattern. The presence of both cheliped morphs suggests the existence of distinct functions in this species, associated with feeding habits and behavioral displays (sexual / agonistic interactions). Our results indicate that more than one morph can participate in the reproductive process in species with mating systems (e.g., explosive breeding) allowing for this, as in the subfamily Ucidinae.
Schubartamon serenum new genus and species, a troglobitic crab from Laos, new records of Erebusa calobates Yeo & Ng, 1999 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamidae), and insights on the potamid genera of Indochina
Authors: Guinot Danièle , Rodríguez Moreno Paula A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A new genus and species of troglobitic potamid crab, Schubartamon serenum gen. nov., sp. nov., is described based on an adult female from Vientiane province, Central Laos, found in Vang Vieng karst in the cave Tham Nang Oua (also called Tham Nang Hua). The new genus can be clearly distinguished morphologically from Erebusa, another troglobitic genus known from the single species E. calobates, also from Central Laos, in the Khammouan karst, and for which we now have additional material collected by two French expeditions in several caves scattered around this province, enabling the species to be better documented. The immense karst of Khammouan is not very fragmented, so that the dispersal of species can be quite possible, which explains why E. calobates can be found there dispersed across distant caves. Schubartamon serenum gen. nov., sp. nov. has been collected much further north, in the Vang Vieng karst, Vientiane province, more than 400 km north of Thakhek, the capital of Khammouan. The two species share similar troglobitic adaptations, but the morphological differences between them are significant at a generic level. In particular, compared to those of E. calobates, the differently shaped vulvae of S. serenum gen. nov., sp. nov. alone represent an excellent character for generic distinction. A review of the potamid genera of Indochina is also presented.
Reconstruction of invasion pathways of East Asian crab species of the genus Hemigrapsus (Decapoda, Brachyura, Varunidae) based on a comparative phylogeographic approach
Authors: Bader Markus , Chu Ka Hou , Schubart Christoph D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Three intertidal varunid crab species of the genus Hemigrapsus, viz. H. penicillatus, H. sanguineus, and H. takanoi, are widely distributed along the East Asian coastline. The first two became globally well-known after their introduction into Atlantic waters of North America and Europe. Since the first record in the late 1980s, they established breeding populations and now live in sympatry with native and other invasive crab species. The aim of this study was to determine the correct species identity and geographic origin of these invasive populations and, if possible, estimate the number of independent invasion events. For that purpose, specimens from the three species were obtained from native populations in Taiwan, Japan, Russia, Korea, and China, and genetically compared to invasive populations from Europe and the U.S.A. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene were generated and used for haplotype network and AMOVA analyses, thus providing insights into the potential invasion pathways, gene flow, and phylogeography of the two invasive species. Pronounced geographic structure for all three species is revealed in their native ranges, with a marked differentiation among northern and southern populations. We furthermore provide evidence that all invasions into North America and Europe originated from northern Asian populations, which is in line with similar climatic conditions in Europe, northeastern America and northern Asia. Our results also confirm the recent finding that all European populations previously thought to consist of H. penicillatus should be reclassified as H. takanoi.
Molecular phylogenetic reassessment of eastern Atlantic Callinectes (Brachyura, Portunidae)
Authors: Robles Rafael , Schubart Christoph D. , Felder Darryl L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Several species from the genus Callinectes are economically important, yet the number of species and their geographic distributions remain unclear. Recently, one of the American species, Callinectes larvatus, was synonymized with one of the African species, C. marginatus, making C. marginatus the only species of the genus regarded to be amphi-Atlantic in distribution. However, there was no formal taxonomic study to support this taxonomic change, which was in contradiction to earlier studies that had provided morphological characters to support the taxonomic separation of the eastern Atlantic species from those of western Atlantic distribution. Callinectes maracaiboensis has also been questionably resurrected. Here we present a molecular based analysis for all species of Callinectes, using the two common mitochondrial genes 16S and 12S. Our molecular data support the presence of three eastern Atlantic, three eastern Pacific, and nine western Atlantic species. Historically, it appears that the separation of Africa and South America with the opening of the Atlantic basin gave rise to sister species distributed on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In a second isolation event, the emergence of the Panamanian isthmus resulted in pairs of geminate species distributed in eastern Pacific and western Atlantic waters.
A new species of xanthid crab, Palapedia schubarti n. sp. (Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthoidea), from Socotra, northwestern Indian Ocean
Authors: Naderloo Reza 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Palapedia schubarti n. sp. is the third species of the genus Palapedia, described from the northwestern Indian Ocean. Two species, P. persica and P. apeli, had already been recorded from the Persian Gulf, and the new species is described from farther south in Socotra Island. Palapedia persica has appendages markedly ornamented with large denticles, while P. apeli has distinctly smooth appendages. Compared to the two above-mentioned species, the new species has an intermediate position regarding the spination, with small denticles on the upper margin of the palm, fingers and anterior margin of walking legs. The morphology of the first male gonopod of P. schubarti n. sp. is very close to P. rastripes, described from Ceylon, and P. truncatifrons described from Japan. The new species, however, is easily distinguishable from those two congeners in having a spade form ending and several other characteristics of chelipeds and carapace.
Population genetics of two sibling species of fiddler crabs (Decapoda, Ocypodidae): Brazilian homogeneity and West Atlantic heterogeneity
Authors: de Oliveira Rodrigues Renata , Trettin Ivana Miranda , Costa Tânia Marcia , Schubart Christoph D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Fiddler crabs are a widespread group of marine invertebrates. Their wide distribution is due to the great capacity of their larvae to disperse among estuarine and shelf waters. Therefore, it is expected that all populations along their distribution show molecular similarities due to extensive gene flow. Thus, we assessed the intra- and interspecific genetic divergence of two sibling species of fiddler crabs, Minuca panema and Minuca mordax, based on COI mtDNA sequences. The molecular data resulted in a highly mixed haplotype network for M. panema, while M. mordax sequences were clustered in two groups, one with Brazilian and other with Costa Rican haplotypes. The highest variance in M. panema was found within populations, while in M. mordax it was between groups and populations. The analyses of nucleotide divergence showed small genetic variance within populations of both species and between Brazilian populations, and higher variance between Brazilian and Costa Rican populations of M. mordax. The highest genetic divergence was found between the two species. Thereby, our results show an intense gene flow along the Brazilian coast, while there is a clear divergence among Brazil and Costa Rica, which may be a result of the great distance between these populations.
Triangulated Challenges to Democracy: a Critical Voice of Public Theology to Counter Fear and Escalating Polarization in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Danang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article seeks to unveil the triangulated forces which challenge contemporary democracy in Indonesia. Those forces are irrational fear, the problem of likeness (like and unlike), and the grip of Leviathanic force. Indonesia’s secular yet religious democracy struggles to deal with a real polarization amongst the citizens as a consequence. The present intention is to explore a critical view of a public theology that asserts hope and ‘knowing the other’ as a viable virtue for the Christian response. Drawing on Martha Nussbaum’s view of the monarchy of irrational fear and Jürgen Moltmann’s notion of hope and faith for the sake of a practice of ‘knowing others’, the article sketches the roots of this polarization and considers how Indonesians can recover their democracy from below through daily religious engagement.
Binding Citizenship as a Bridge between Communities and Institutions: Dialogues between Christian Social Ethics, Political Philosophy and Social Sciences
Authors: Hodge Cristián , Daher Marianne , Rosati Antonia , López Rodrigo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
People are intrinsically relational beings and this need to interact is channelled into the establishment of communities, whose organization is often formalized into institutions. An opposition between both types of groups has been raised in the literature. This article seeks to critically analyze the relationship between communities and institutions, based on Christian social ethics, political philosophy, and social sciences through a bibliographic exploration and a transdisciplinary discussion. The concepts of community and institution are analyzed and citizenship connections with both concepts are discussed, considering two different traditions of citizenship, and its relationship with democratic culture and community building. To conclude, the concept of binding citizenship as a bridge between communities and institutions is proposed, and solidarity and liberty are considered as two principles that become integrated and can coexist in communities and institutions.
Intersex and Medical Health: a Construction of a Public Health Theology Paradigm for Sexual Polymorphism in Indonesia
Authors: Kristianto Andreas , Singgih Emanuel Gerrit , Haryono Stefanus Christian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article looks at intersex from a medical health perspective, with descriptions of gender and various forms of sex ambiguity. The discussion of the history of medical care for intersex individuals, particularly the model of ‘gender parenting’ created by John Money in the 1950s based on sexual dimorphism is still the dominant paradigm today. Through the paradigm of sexual polymorphism, medical theology centred on the experience of intersex bodily ambiguity has an holistic medicinal power that embraces the physical, mental and spiritual. This article establishes the theological case for models that see humans as a continuum from the creation of ha’adam (Gen. 1:27) through to an anthropology based on an understanding of sexual polymorphism.
The (Im)Possibility of Doing Public Theology in Korea?
Authors: Kim Minseok 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article aims to examine the possibility and some challenges of doing public theology in Korea. While vibrant public theological discourse can be seen in many different contexts around the globe, the conservative Korean churches and theologians (which are the mainstream of Korean Christianity) remain largely indifferent to public theology. This is unfortunate, especially considering that the DNA of public theology can be seen throughout the history of Korean Christianity. As such, this article first examines how the early Korean church played a prophetic role and contributed to the wider society in the praxis of Christian faith that was socially engaged and publicly intelligible. This is then followed by a discussion on how the church was changed during the Cold War, the period of dictatorships, and the Industrialization era. It is especially important here to examine how a particular strand of Reformed theology from the United States, specifically that of J. Gresham Machen and Cornelius Van Til, was adopted. This had a profound influence on the reshaping of the role of the Korean church in public life. In conclusion, the article then urges the Korean church to engage in public theological discourse actively and extensively for the restoration of its prophetic role, its “bilingual” approach to faith praxis (navigating both contexts of the church and society), and to explore the rich diversity of the Reformed tradition, in order to recover its lost role as a public church.
Investment Law and World Heritage: The Case of Le Morne
Authors: Kari Ville 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article explores international investment disputes concerning sites inscribed on the unesco World Heritage List, with a special focus on the icsid tribunal award concerning Le Morne Brabant in Mauritius. It analyses the encounter between international investment law and the World Heritage Convention from both perspectives and examines the collision taking place between the two legal regimes in light of the theory of fragmentation of international law. After unpacking key lessons from international arbitrations concerning World Heritage, the article concludes by suggesting ways in which participants in the Convention could engage with the question of investment protection within their regime should they so choose.
Evidence for Re-attributing to Pierre Gassendi the Authorship of Anatomia ridiculi muris (1651) and Favilla ridiculi muris (1653)
Authors: Garau Rodolfo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
From 1643 onwards – almost until the ends of their lives –, the philosopher and astronomer Pierre Gassendi (1592–1655) and the mathematician and astrologer Jean-Baptiste Morin (1583–1656) were engaged in a bitter polemic. Scholars in the history of early modern science consider this polemic crucial both for understanding the debate over Galileanism and Copernicanism in France, and for understanding the decline of astrology within scholarly communities. This conflict began with the publication of Gassendi’s De motu impresso a motore translato (1642) and Morin’s subsequent critique of the author’s Galileanism and Copernican stance. As the polemic evolved, it came to include other members of Gassendi’s network, who retaliated with criticism of Morin’s astrological practices – a process that culminated in what Robert Alan Hatch interpreted in 2017 as a significant moment in the exclusion of astrology from French academic discourse. In this paper, I present evidence that two of the texts in this polemical series, the Anatomia ridiculi muris (1651) and the Favilla ridiculi muris (1653), which have traditionally been attributed to Gassendi’s pupil François Bernier (1620–1688), were in fact authored by Gassendi himself. This re-attribution casts Gassendi’s influence on the decline of astrology in early modern France in a different light, while also offering a deeper insight into his intellectual biography and into the composition of his Opera omnia.
Mechanism, vis motiva, and Fermentation: a Reassessment of Borelli’s Physiology
Authors: Clericuzio Antonio , Schmechel Carmen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
According to the standard view, Borelli was a strict mechanist who sought to explain organic processes by resorting to invisible mechanisms. This paper aims to show that his outlook on living organisms as contained in De motu animalium was far more nuanced than historians have maintained. Borelli resorted to vis motiva as the source of activity of corpuscles, a notion that was at odds with strict mechanism. He identified motive force with spirits, namely with self-moving particles of matter. Borelli combined anatomy and mechanism and integrated the latter with chemical experiments and analogies. Like most late–seventeenth century physiologists, Borelli resorted to fermentation to account for several physiological processes such as digestion, generation, and muscular motion. He distinguished two kinds of fermentative processes: a slow one, as in the case of digestion, and a quick one, as in the case of the presumed effervescence of the blood which he maintained was the cause of muscular movement.
Confession to God and Reconciliation with Neighbours
Authors: Kang Byunghoon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Guy de Brès collected biblical and patristic quotations in the chapter on confession to God in his first work, Le baston de la foy chrestienne, to demonstrate that confession to priests was not supported by the Church Fathers or the Bible. This essay examines de Brès’ intention in using various quotations in the chapter by comparing his usage of quotations with the original text and with his colleagues’ use of them. The paper also discusses the revisions made by the reformer and what his intentions were there. In particular, de Brès placed the chapter on confession between the chapters on baptism and the Lord’s Supper, leading readers to consider what confession is within the context of the doctrine of the sacraments. Furthermore, this essay shows that he implied that we must be reconciled with each other before the celebration of the Lord’s Supper, suggesting a public confession, which later became part of the Dutch Reformed tradition.
The Extraterritoriality of the gdpr and Its Effect on gcc Businesses
Authors: Alshaleel Mohammed Khair 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article considers the extraterritoriality of the General Data Protection Regulation (gdpr) and its effect on Gulf Cooperation Council (gcc) businesses. Given the robust economic ties to the European Union (EU), many gcc businesses fall under the scope of the gdpr. This article argues that the territorial gateways through which the gdpr applies are much wider than might be thought and so may capture many gcc businesses, and that while the personal data protection laws in the gcc countries have been influenced to varying degrees by the gdpr, there are significant disparities, especially regarding their approach to data protection. This suggests that the level of data protection in the gcc countries is not equivalent to that offered by the gdpr. The article is divided into six sections, covering the EU’s data protection laws, framework evolution, gdpr’s impact on gcc businesses, and gcc’s data protection framework.
Blockchain in Banking: Possible Use Cases and Benefits
Authors: Caudevilla Oriol 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Whilst Blockchain has usually been associated with Web3 and cryptocurrencies, that is, Decentralized Finance (DeFi), this technology can be used in countless other areas, such as banking, Central Bank Digital Currencies (cbdc s), healthcare, smart contracts, financial services, supply chain management, insurance, Internet of Things (IoTs), video games …, not much has been written about applying Blockchain technology to the traditional, Banking and Finance industry. This article will focus on how blockchain is or can be applied to the Banking industry, by analyzing a few possible use cases and its benefits, and, more importantly, it will also focus on whether it is worth it for the Banking industry to use it or not.