bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Tentang Bijak Makan dan Memilih Cemilan Sehat pada Remaja di SMPN 39 Pekanbaru
Authors: Hapipa Nur , Nurlisis Nurlisis , Meilani Nisa , Alanai Putri Kulya 
Published: July 2024

Pada masa remaja sebagian besar anak memiliki pola makan yang tidak seimbang karena sering mengonsumsi jajanan atau camilan rendah gizi. Berdasarkan hasil survey awal yang dilakukan pada siswa SMPN 39 Pekanbaru ditemukan masih banyak perilaku remaja yang lebih suka mengkonsumsi makanan cepat saji dibandingkan makanan sehat, serta kurangnya pengetahuan pada remaja tentang bahaya makanan junkfood. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman remaja mengenai bagaimana pentingnya mengkonsumsi makanan bergizi. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dengan memberikan penyuluhan menggunakan metode ceramah tanya jawab. Penyuluhan kesehatan yang diberikan yaitu tentang pentingnya mengkonsumsi makanan sehat serta mengurangi konsumsi junkfood berlebihan. Sasaran pengabdian yaitu siswa di SMPN 39 Pekanbaru. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada hari Sabtu tanggal 5 Agustus 2023. Sebelum melakukan penyuluhan pelaksana memberikan bina suasana kepada remaja di SMPN 39 agar para remaja mau mendengarkan dan menerima penyuluhan yang dilakukan. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan remaja sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penyuluhan yang diberikan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman remaja di SMPN 39 Pekanbaru tentang konsumsi makanan sehat. Diharapkan para remaja dapat mempraktekkannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dengan berperilaku hidup sehat, serta mengkonsumsi makanan sehat dan menghindari junkfood. Peran dari sekolah juga sangat penting dalam mengawasi dan mengingatkan pada remaja mengenai pentingnya menjaga gizi agar tetap seimbang
Marked differences between continuous long-term and clinical snapshot examinations: is the current standard of back pain diagnostics outdated?
Authors: Schmidt Hendrik , Shirazi-Adl Aboulfazl , Bashkuev Maxim , Becker Luis Alexander , Pumberger Matthias , Duda Georg N. , Reitmaier Sandra 
Published: July 2024

Current clinical examination of low back pain (LBP) patients primarily relies on static clinical examinations, which rarely represent the dynamic postures patients adopt during daily activities. To gain an overview on the dynamic kinematics-kinetics changes over a day, the lumbar back kinematics of asymptomatic individuals and LBP patients were measured over 24 h, and the passively resisted bending and torsional moments were estimated. 208 asymptomatic subjects (115 females) and 116 LBP patients (71 females) were analysed. Compared to static upright standing, the mean lumbar lordosis of asymptomatic subjects drops significantly by 21° during everyday life (p &lt; 0.01). Maximum bending moments of 44.0–50.6 Nm were estimated at the L2-L3. LBP patients showed significantly lower (p &lt; 0.01) lumbar flattening during daily life of about 16°. Maximum bending moments of 27–52 Nm were found at the L3–L4. The initial static upright lumbar lordosis was significantly lower in LBP population (by 6°) resulting in almost similar average lumbar shapes during daily activities in both groups. The torsional movements were with 2.2° greatest in L1-L2 independent of sex (p = 0.19) and LBP (p = 0.54) with moments of 6–16 Nm. The lumbar profile and associated internal moments during daily life differ substantially from those recorded during clinical examinations. LBP patients demonstrates significantly lower lordosis at the snapshot assessment and significantly lower movement variations and internal moments during daily life. Only the dynamic long-term assessments unravelled a less flexed posture in LBP population. Apparently, such a reduced dynamic flexed posture indicates a compensatory habit for pain relief.
A unique combination of natural fatty acids from Hermetia illucens fly larvae fat effectively combats virulence factors and biofilms of MDR hypervirulent mucoviscus Klebsiella pneumoniae strains by increasing Lewis acid–base/van der Waals interactions in bacterial wall membranes
Authors: Mohamed Heakal , Marusich Elena , Divashuk Mikhail , Leonov Sergey 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionHypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CR-Kp) are rapidly emerging as opportunistic pathogens that have a global impact leading to a significant increase in mortality rates among clinical patients. Anti-virulence strategies that target bacterial behavior, such as adhesion and biofilm formation, have been proposed as alternatives to biocidal antibiotic treatments to reduce the rapid emergence of bacterial resistance. The main objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of fatty acid-enriched extract (AWME3) derived from the fat of Black Soldier Fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) in fighting against biofilms of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and highly virulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) pathogens. Additionally, the study also aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying this effect.MethodsCrystal violet (CV) and ethidium bromide (EtBr) assays show how AWME3 affects the formation of mixed and mature biofilms by the KP ATCC BAA-2473, KPi1627, and KPM9 strains. AWME3 has shown exceptional efficacy in combating the hypermucoviscosity (HMV) virulent factors of KPi1627 and KPM9 strains when tested using the string assay. The rudimentary motility of MDR KPM9 and KP ATCC BAA-2473 strains was detected through swimming, swarming, and twitching assays. The cell wall membrane disturbances induced by AWME3 were detected by light and scanning electron microscopy and further validated by an increase in the bacterial cell wall permeability and Lewis acid-base/van der Waals characteristics of K. pneumoniae strains tested by MATS (microbial adhesion to solvents) method.ResultsAfter being exposed to 0.5 MIC (0.125 mg/ml) of AWME3, a significant reduction in the rudimentary motility of MDR KPM9 and KP ATCC BAA-2473 strains, whereas the treated bacterial strains exhibited motility between 4.23 ± 0.25 and 4.47 ± 0.25 mm, while the non-treated control groups showed significantly higher motility ranging from 8.5 ± 0.5 to 10.5 ± 0.5 mm.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study demonstrates the exceptional capability of the natural AWME3 extract enriched with a unique combination of fatty acids to effectively eliminate the biofilms formed by the highly drug-resistant and highly virulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) pathogens. Our results highlight the opportunity to control and minimize the rapid emergence of bacterial resistance through the treatment using AWME3 of biofilm-associated infections caused by hvKp and CRKp pathogens.
Screening for carotid atherosclerosis: development and validation of a high-precision risk scoring tool
Authors: Huang Zhi-Xin , Chen Lijuan , Chen Ping , Dai Yingyi , Lu Haike , Liang Yicheng , Ding Qingguo , Liang Piaonan 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS), especially among seniors, and develop a precise risk assessment tool to facilitate screening and early intervention for high-risk individuals.MethodsA comprehensive approach was employed, integrating traditional epidemiological methods with advanced machine learning techniques, including support vector machines, XGBoost, decision trees, random forests, and logistic regression.ResultsAmong 1,515 participants, CAS prevalence reached 57.4%, concentrated within older individuals. Positive correlations were identified with age, systolic blood pressure, a history of hypertension, male gender, and total cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) emerged as a protective factor against CAS, with total cholesterol and HDL levels proving significant predictors.ConclusionsThis research illuminates the risk factors linked to CAS and introduces a validated risk scoring tool, highlighted by the logistic classifier's consistent performance during training and testing. This tool shows potential for pinpointing high-risk individuals in community health programs, streamlining screening and intervention by clinical physicians. By stressing the significance of managing cholesterol levels, especially HDL, our findings provide actionable insights for CAS prevention. Nonetheless, rigorous validation is paramount to guarantee its practicality and efficacy in real-world scenarios.
Sex-specific association of circulating Isthmin-1 with isolated post-challenge hyperglycemia
Authors: Fan Jiahua , He Jialin , Zhu Jiangyuan , Yang Jialu , Ju Jingmeng , Huang Jingyi , Huang Zhihao , Zhang Zhuoyu , Li Wenkang , Xia Min , Liu Yan 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionTo explore the distribution of Isthmin-1 (ISM1) level and its association with isolated post-challenge hyperglycemia (IPH).MethodsA total of 522 participants without a history of diabetes were invited to attend a standard 75g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and 71 subjects were further invited for a 3-h oral minimal model test. Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function were evaluated using both HOMA and estimated from OGTT. Circulating ISM1 levels were determined by a commercially available ELISA kit.ResultsA total of 76 (14.6%) participants were diagnosed as IPH, accounting for 61.3% of the newly diagnosed diabetes. ISM1 levels were significantly higher in men than in women (1.74 ng/mL versus 0.88 ng/mL). The inverse correlation between ISM1 and β-cell function and IPH was only significant in men. After multivariate adjustment, per unit increment in ISM1 was associated with 0.68-fold (95% CI: 0.49-0.90) reduced odds ratio (OR) of IPH in men. Compared to men with the lowest ISM1 levels, the adjusted OR of IPH with the highest ISM1 levels decreased by 73% (95% CI: 0.11-0.61). Moreover, incorporation of ISM1 into the New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score (NCDRS) model yielded a substantial improvement in net reclassification improvement of 58% (95% CI: 27%-89%) and integrated discrimination improvement of 6.4% (95% CI: 2.7%-10.2%) for IPH.ConclusionsISM1 was significantly and independently associated with IPH, and serves as a feasible biomarker for the early identification of men with high risk of IPH.
Assessing the impact of short-term Lugol’s solution on toxic nodular thyroid disease: a pre-post-intervention study
Authors: Hedberg Fredric , Cramon Per Karkov , Bränström Robert , Falhammar Henrik , Calissendorff Jan 
Published: July 2024

PurposePreoperative iodine therapy in toxic nodular goiter (TNG) is discouraged as iodine may cause aggravation of hyperthyroidism. We aimed to examine if a short course of iodine treatment is safe to administer in TNG.MethodsPatients with TNG (n=20) and subclinical to mild hyperthyroidism (free (f)T4 &lt;30 pmol/L) without complicating illnesses were included in this pre-post-intervention study at Karolinska University Hospital. All participants received Lugol’s solution 5%, three oral drops thrice daily for 10 days. Heart rate, TSH, fT4, fT3 concentrations were collected before (day 0) and after treatment (day 10). Thyroid hormone concentrations were also measured at two time points during treatment to discover aggravations of hyperthyroidism. ThyPRO39se, a quality-of-life questionnaire, was filled out day 0 and day 10. Differences in heart rate, thyroid hormone concentrations, and quality-of-life before and after treatment were compared. Adverse reactions were reported.ResultsThe median age was 63.5 years. Female to male ratio 19:1. FT4 and fT3 concentrations decreased (both p&lt;0.001), and TSH concentration increased (p&lt;0.001) after 10 days of treatment. There was no difference in heart rate. No aggravations of thyrotoxicosis were noticed in any of the participants. ThyPRO39se scores improved on three scales, including hyperthyroid symptoms, while the remaining scale scores were unchanged. Mild and transient symptoms related to or possibly related to treatment were observed in six participants.ConclusionA short course of Lugol’s solution improved thyroid hormone concentrations, reduced patient-reported hyperthyroid symptoms and was safe in TNG. Lugol’s solution might be an option for preoperative treatment in TNG.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04856488.
Does living in major towns favor institutional delivery in Somalia?
Authors: Sheikh Naima Said , Hussein Ahmed M. , Mohamed Shukri Said , Gele Abdi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundIn developing countries, institutional delivery is a key proven intervention that reduces maternal mortality and can reduce maternal deaths by approximately 16%–33%. In Somalia, only 32% of births are delivered in a health facility with the assistance of a skilled healthcare provider. We aimed to investigate the factors hindering women from giving birth at healthcare facilities in major towns in Somalia, where most of the health facilities in the country are concentrated.MethodsA community-based health survey was carried out in 11 major towns in Somalia between October and December 2021. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data from 430 women who gave birth in the last five years. Women were recruited through convenient sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% CI were estimated to assess the associations.ResultsThe overall prevalence of institutional delivery was 57%. Approximately 38% of women living in Mogadishu and 53% living in another ten towns give birth at home. Women who had poor knowledge of the importance of health facility delivery had nearly four times higher odds of delivering at home (AOR 3.64 CI: 1.49–8.93). Similarly, those who did not receive antenatal care (AOR 2.5, CI: 1.02–6.39) and those who did not receive a consultation on the place of delivery (AOR 2.15, CI: 1.17–3.94) were more likely to give birth at home. The reasons for home delivery included financial reasons, the long distance to the health facility, and the fact that it was easier to give birth at home.ConclusionThe study found that home delivery is high in major towns in Somalia and is associated with a lack of understanding of the importance of health facility delivery, not using ANC, and not receiving consultancy about where to give birth. Primary health care should strengthen information, education, and communication activities. Since the health care system in Somalia is overwhelmingly private, the government may consider access to free and within-reach ANC and health facility delivery for women and girls from families who cannot pay the ANC and childbirth delivery cost.
Case report of renal manifestations in X-linked agammaglobulinemia
Authors: Wan Shuisen , Cao Meiling , Zou Jiahui , Bai Yaojia , Shi Mingyue , Jiang Hongkun 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionX-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a humoral immunodeficiency disorder characterized by recurrent infections, severe hypogammaglobulinemia, and a deficiency of circulating B cells. While the hallmark clinical manifestations of XLA typically include the respiratory, dermatological, and gastrointestinal systems, renal involvement is infrequent. In this article, we report two cases of XLA with concurrent renal disease, supplemented with a review of documented cases.Case descriptionThe two cases described involve twin brothers, both presenting with respiratory tract infections and renal manifestations. Subsequent genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of XLA. The younger brother exhibited improvement following intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy and anti-infection treatment. Due to financial constraints, the older brother received only anti-infection and symptomatic treatments. Seven months after discharge, the older brother developed nephritis. However, he showed improvement following IVIG treatment.ConclusionImmune profiling and genetic testing should be considered in male children with recurrent infections to facilitate the effective diagnosis of XLA. Regular monitoring is also imperative to detect and treat immune-mediated renal diseases in patients with XLA.
Causal associations between both psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and multiple autoimmune diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Duan Kexin , Wang Jingrui , Chen Shaomin , Chen Tong , Wang Jiajue , Wang Shujing , Chen Xinsheng 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundNumerous observational studies have identified associations between both psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and autoimmune diseases (AIDs); however, the causality of these associations remains undetermined.MethodsWe conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization study to identify causal associations and directions between both PsO and PsA and AIDs, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), multiple sclerosis (MS), uveitis, bullous pemphigoid (BP), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), vitiligo, and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The causal inferences were drawn by integrating results from four regression models: Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, Weighted Median, and Maximum Likelihood. Furthermore, we performed sensitivity analyses to confirm the reliability of our findings.ResultsThe results showed that CD [IVW odds ratio (ORIVW), 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.17; P = 8.40E-06], vitiligo (ORIVW, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.28; P = 2.45E-03) were risk factors for PsO, while BP may reduce the incidence of PsO (ORIVW, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.87-0.96; P = 1.26E-04). CD (ORIVW, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.12; P = 0.01), HT (ORIVW, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08-1.40; P = 1.43E-03), RA (ORIVW, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.21, P = 2.05E-02), AS (ORIVW, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.46-3.27; P = 1.55E-04), SLE (ORIVW, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08; P = 1.07E-02) and vitiligo (ORIVW, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14-1.42; P = 2.67E-05) were risk factors for PsA. Sensitivity analyses had validated the reliability of the results.ConclusionsOur study provides evidence for potential causal relationships between certain AIDs and both PsO and PsA. Specifically, CD and vitiligo may increase the risk of developing PsO, while CD, HT, SLE, RA, AS, and vitiligo may elevate the risk for PsA. Additionally, it is crucial to closely monitor the condition of PsO patients with specific AIDs, as they have a higher likelihood of developing PsA than those without AIDs. Moving forward, greater attention should be paid to PsA and further exploration of other PsO subtypes is warranted.
Pattern of total organic carbon in sediments within the mangrove ecosystem
Authors: Li Yue , Long Chuqi , Dai Zhijun , Zhou Xiaoyan 
Published: July 2024

The sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC) in mangrove ecosystems plays an essential role in the global carbon storage. Nevertheless, little information is available about the pattern of TOC in sediments varying from bare and flat to those beneath mangroves. To find out the roles of new-developing mangroves in sedimentary TOC accumulation, a serials of sediment samples were collected from the creek mudflat zone (CMZ) through the fringe mangrove zone (FMZ) to the interior mangrove zone (IMZ) in young mangrove system of Nanliu River Delta in China. Sediment compositions, TOC, total nitrogen (TN), molar C/N ratios, and carbon stable isotopes (δ13C) were analyzed to examine the accumulation processes. The results revealed the distinct differences in the sedimentary TOC values, with an obvious increasing trend from the CMZ and FMZ to the IMZ. We quantified that terrestrials, marine-derived and mangrove-derived sources contributed 39.2-74.1%, 24.7-63.1% and 0.9-6.9%, respectively, to the sedimentary TOC in the mangrove ecosystems. The organic carbon accumulation rates ranged from 2.59 to 269.60 g•m-2•a-1, with values of 8.77 ± 19.87, 24.78 ± 12.53, 167.19 ± 57.79 g•m-2•a-1 for CMZ, FMZ and IMZ. Our work highlights information showing that young mangrove forests of the tropical delta have important potential for carbon storage.
Application and evaluation of the hybrid “Problem-Based Learning” model based on “Rain Classroom” in experimental courses of medical molecular biology
Authors: Qu Meng , Hou Qinlong , Yu Chunyan , Li Xushen , Xia Jichen , Dong Zhiheng 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundWith the advancement of society, the cultivation of medical professionals equipped with solid theoretical knowledge, a strong sense of innovation, and critical thinking has become a crucial goal in the reform of medical higher education. Over recent years, the hybrid Problem-Based Learning (hPBL) model, a blend of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Lecture-Based Learning (LBL), has emerged as a novel approach in the medical education reform landscape of China. The application and efficacy of the hPBL model in medical experimental courses have piqued the interest of medical educators. The aim of this study was to appraise the application and effectiveness of the hPBL model in the experimental course of Medical Molecular Biology at Beihua University.MethodsUtilizing the “Rain Classroom” platform, students from the Preventive Medicine and Medical Imaging programs were allocated to either the hPBL or LBL method for their Medical Molecular Biology experimental courses. The hPBL model’s impact on students’ performance was evaluated across four domains: experimental theory, experimental operation, experimental report, and practical application. Questionnaires were employed to gauge students’ experiences and perceptions.ResultsThe results indicated that the final assessment scores of the hPBL group were significantly superior to those of the LBL group. Moreover, the hPBL model effectively amplified students’ self-learning capability, practical application skills, and communication competencies. Students expressed a high degree of satisfaction with this blended learning model.ConclusionThe hPBL model, which amalgamates PBL and LBL, has demonstrated its effectiveness in medical education. Its implementation in the experimental course of Medical Molecular Biology at Beihua University yielded positive outcomes, enhancing students’ performance and satisfaction levels. Consequently, it is recommended that the hPBL model be further promulgated in other medical experimental courses.