bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between drive to thinness, conscientiousness and bulimic traits during adolescence: a comparison between younger and older cases in 608 healthy volunteers
Authors: De Pasquale Concetta , Pistorio Maria Luisa , Tornatore Eleonora , De Berardis Domenico , Fornaro Michele 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Adolescence represents one of the critical transitions in the life span and is characterized by a tremendous pace in growth and change that is second only to that of infancy. Both biological and psychological changes occurring during early adolescence may also influence the definition of subsequent late adolescence or early adulthood physiological or (psycho)-pathological features, including bulimia nervosa (BN) whenever occurring. Therefore, a pre-emptive assessment of suggestive psychological traits, including bulimic ones, during early and late years of adolescence, is recommended and represents the goal of the present study.

Methods
Six hundred and eight healthy volunteers attending mid- or high school, aged 14–19 years, were consecutively enrolled at multiple sites in Eastern Sicily, Italy. A systematic psychological assessment was performed, including McCrae and Costa' BigFive, the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI), Bisantis's Assertivity test and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents. Demographic and general characteristics, including the body mass index, were also recorded. Based on hierarchical considerations, cases were then divided into ‘younger’ (‘early’ years, 14–16) and ‘older’ (‘late’ years, 17–19) adolescents.

Results
Upon descriptive and Pearson's correlation analyses, the following EDI constructs ‘drive to thinness’ and ‘bulimia’ scored significantly higher (both p = <.001) in ‘early’ vs. ‘late’ cases. Conversely, BigFive ‘conscientiousness’ was higher in older subjects vs. early cases (p = <.003). As expected, ‘drive to thinness’ positively correlated with BN both in early (r = .31) and late (r = .50) cases. In the ‘late’ group, age correlated with conscientiousness (r = .206) while BN correlated with drive to thinness (r = .505); finally, a negative correlation was observed with regard to consciousness and BN (r = −.19).

Conclusions
Despite intrinsic methodological limits, our preliminary findings confirm that the transition between early and late years of adolescence is a critical phase of life span, with the consolidation of ‘conscientiousness’ eventually playing a protective role towards the onset of bulimic traits. If confirmed by replication studies, ideally providing long-term follow-ups too, an early acknowledgement of bulimic traits may play a major predictive role for subsequent BN, ultimately contributing to more effective pre-emptive interventions as well.
Evaluation of multi‐segmental kinematic modelling in the paediatric foot using three concurrent foot models
Authors: Mahaffey Ryan , Morrison Stewart C , Drechsler Wendy I , Cramp Mary C 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundVarious foot models are used in the analysis of foot motion during gait and selection of the appropriate model can be difficult. The clinical utility of a model is dependent on the repeatability of the data as well as an understanding of the expected error in the process of data collection. Kinematic assessment of the paediatric foot is challenging and little is reported about multi‐segment foot models in this population. The aim of this study was to examine three foot models and establish their concurrent test‐retest repeatability in evaluation of paediatric foot motion during gait.Methods3DFoot, Kinfoot and the Oxford Foot Model (OFM) were applied concurrently to the right foot and lower limb of 14 children on two testing sessions. Angular data for foot segments were extracted at gait cycle events and peaks and compared between sessions by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and standard error of measurement (SEM).ResultsAll foot models demonstrated moderate repeatability: OFM (ICC 0.55, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.77), 3DFoot (ICC 0.47, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.64) and Kinfoot (ICC 0.43, 95% CI ‐0.03 to 0.59). On the basis of a cut‐off of 5°, acceptable mean error over repeated sessions was observed for OFM (SEM 4.61° ± 2.86°) and 3DFoot (SEM 3.88° ± 2.18°) but not for Kinfoot (SEM 5.08° ± 1.53°). Reliability of segmental kinematics varied, with low repeatability (ICC < 0.4) found for 14.3% of OFM angles, 22.7% of 3DFoot angles and 37.6% of Kinfoot angles. SEM greater than 5° was found in 26.2% of OFM, 15.2% of 3DFoot, and 43.8% of Kinfoot segmental angles.ConclusionFindings from this work have demonstrated that segmental foot kinematics are repeatable in the paediatric foot but the level of repeatability and error varies across the segments of the different models. Information on repeatability and test‐retest errors of three‐dimensional foot models can better inform clinical assessment and advance understanding of foot motion during gait.
Direct observation of cell cycle progression in living mouse embryonic stem cells on an extracellular matrix of E-cadherin
Authors: Jovic Dragomirka , Sakaue-Sawano Asako , Abe Takaya , Cho Chong-Su , Nagaoka Masato , Miyawaki Atsushi , Akaike Toshihiro 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells are tightly coordinated with cell-cycle progression and reconstructions. However, technical approach to directly visualize single embryonic stem cells still remains challenging. Here we combined two independent systems by using artificially constructed extracellular matrix that maintains embryonic stem cells in single level with cell cycle visualization reporters to directly observe cell cycle progression. Using Fucci (fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator) technology and computer-assisted fluorescence microscopy we were able to visualize cell cycle progression of mouse embryonic stem cells prepared from Fucci2 knock-in mice (mES/Fucci2). Imaged mES/Fucci2 cells were plated on coverslips coated with recombinant E-cadherin-IgG Fc (E-cad-Fc). This artificial extracellular matrix effectively increases adherence of cultured cells to coverslips, which is advantageous for fluorescence imaging. mES/Fucci2 cells on the E-cad-Fc maintained the typical cell cycle of mES cells with truncated G1 phase and pluripotency. During time-lapse imaging, we were able to track these cells with dendritic-like cell morphology and many pseudopodial protrusions. By contrast, the cell cycle progression of mES/Fucci2 cells on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) was not observable due to their compact aggregation. Cell cycle duration of mES/Fucci2 cells on the E-cad-Fc was 16 h. Thus, the unique properties of our immunocytochemical analysis have revealed that decline of pluripotency of the Fucci2 mES cells on the E-cad-Fc was coordinated with their differentiation.
Short-term effects of noisy pressure support ventilation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
Authors: Spieth Peter M , Güldner Andreas , Huhle Robert , Beda Alessandro , Bluth Thomas , Schreiter Dierk , Ragaller Max , Gottschlich Birgit , Kiss Thomas , Jaber Samir , Pelosi Paolo , Koch Thea , Gama de Abreu Marcelo 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Introduction
This study aims at comparing the very short-term effects of conventional and noisy (variable) pressure support ventilation (PSV) in mechanically ventilated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Methods
Thirteen mechanically ventilated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were enrolled in this monocentric, randomized crossover study. Patients were mechanically ventilated with conventional and noisy PSV, for one hour each, in random sequence. Pressure support was titrated to reach tidal volumes approximately 8 mL/kg in both modes. The level of positive end-expiratory pressure and fraction of inspired oxygen were kept unchanged in both modes. The coefficient of variation of pressure support during noisy PSV was set at 30%. Gas exchange, hemodynamics, lung functional parameters, distribution of ventilation by electrical impedance tomography, breathing patterns and patient-ventilator synchrony were analyzed.

Results
Noisy PSV was not associated with any adverse event, and was well tolerated by all patients. Gas exchange, hemodynamics, respiratory mechanics and spatial distribution of ventilation did not differ significantly between conventional and noisy PSV. Noisy PSV increased the variability of tidal volume (24.4 ± 7.8% vs. 13.7 ± 9.1%, P <0.05) and was associated with a reduced number of asynchrony events compared to conventional PSV (5 (0 to 15)/30 min vs. 10 (1 to 37)/30 min, P <0.05).

Conclusions
In the very short term, noisy PSV proved safe and feasible in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Compared to conventional PSV, noisy PSV increased the variability of tidal volumes, and was associated with improved patient-ventilator synchrony, at comparable levels of gas exchange.

Trial registration
ClinicialTrials.gov, NCT00786292
Self-Assembled Dimerization of Bis(crown ether)-2,2′-bibenzimidazoles
Authors: Satake Akiharu , Tanaka Kazuo , Asakura Hiroki , Okano Masahiro , Hashimoto Tsutsumu , Matsuura You , Inaba Yusuke , Oda Tetsuhisa , Hirota Shun , Koshino Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Bis(crown ether)-2,2′-bibenzimidazole 1 and its 1-substituted derivatives were synthesized as new self-assembled motifs. UV–vis and 1H NMR titration experiments of 1 with potassium ions in a mixture of chloroform and methanol (1:1) were carried out. The stoichiometries and curve fitting analysis showed that a 2:2 complex of 1 with potassium ions was formed in a face-to-face fashion. 1-Monosubstituted bis(crown ether)-2,2′-bibenzimidazole 6a having a (dodecylaminocarbonyl)methyl group also gave a 2:2 complex with potassium ions. Structural analysis of the 2:2 complex of 6a with potassium ions was performed using various two-dimensional NMR techniques. Results suggested that, of eight or more possible conformational isomers, the one having the two substituent groups diagonally opposite each other was predominantly formed. Reversible association and dissociation of the 2:2 complex was observed after adding potassium ions and then removing them with an 18-crown-6-ether.
Liquefied Graphene Oxide with Excellent Amphiphilicity
Authors: Liu Xuan , Zeng Chunfang , Tang Zhenghai , Guo Baochun 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
A new route for liquefying graphene oxide (GO) into supramolecular ionic liquid (SIL) was proposed by the grafting of chloroacetic acid and the subsequent neutralization of carboxy groups with monofunctionalized polyetheramine (Jeffamine 2070). The rheological measurements verified its viscoelastic and liquid-like behavior. The peculiar phenomenon was mainly attributed to the formation of ionic bonds between the corona of chloroacetic acid and the canopy of Jeffamine. This type of highly viscous GO-based liquid possesses excellent amphiphilicity.
Understanding Pt–Rh Synergy in a Three-Way Catalytic Converter
Authors: Paranjpe Rucha , Suresh A. K. , Aghalayam Preeti 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
NO reduction to N2 is the key reaction for efficient operation of a three-way catalytic converter (TWC). It is reported that metal catalysts Pt and Rh co-exist as individual metals in a TWC to give synergistic performance. In this article, we have studied the NO + CO reaction for a 1:1 physical mixture of silica supported Pt and Rh catalysts using fixed bed experiments and microkinetic modeling. The microkinetic model [14] for the reaction on single metals Pt and Rh is simulated for the mixture case in CHEMKIN PRO®. It is observed that the mixture maintains the activity while producing less N2O (by-product of NO + CO reaction) thus enhancing N2 selectivity inspite of having only half amount of Rh. Analysis of surface coverages on individual metals in mixture shows that in the presence of Pt, CO poisoning of Rh is reduced at lower temperature leading to better overall conversion and selectivity. This has potential benefit in automotive catalysis, as it results in the formation of significantly lower amounts of N2O, an undesirable side-product and greenhouse gas; at a lower cost than if pure Pt/Rh catalysts were used.
Influence of fungal infection on the long-term water absorption and morphological behavior of bagasse fiber/polypropylene composites at different exposure times
Authors: Kord Behzad , Hosseinihashemi Seyyed Khalil , Modirzare Mehdi 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In this study, the effect of fungal decay on the long-term water absorption of bagasse fiber/polypropylene composites at different exposure times was studied. For this purpose, the blend composites were prepared through the melt mixing of bagasse fiber with polypropylene at 40:60% weight ratios, with 2% coupling agent for all formulations. Then, the samples were exposed to brown-rot (Coniophora puteana) and white-rot (Trametes versicolor) fungal treatments for 8, 12 and 16 weeks with the Kolle flask method. The long-term water absorptions of samples were evaluated by immersing them in water at room temperature for several weeks, and water diffusion coefficients were also calculated by evaluating the water absorption isotherms. Also, the morphology of composites was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the water absorption of samples was actually much higher after both types of rotting and was significantly higher than that of control samples. Also, the water absorption of white-rotted samples was higher than that of brown-rotted and control samples for all weeks of fungal exposure times. In addition, the control sample and composite after 16 weeks of exposure to white-rot fungi exhibited the lowest and highest water diffusion coefficients, respectively. The mechanism of water absorption of samples against fungal decay at different exposure times followed the kinetics of a Fickian diffusion process. Furthermore, the SEM micrographs showed that the extent of degradation increased with increasing exposure time to fungus.
Dynamics of Adaptive Alleles in Divergently Selected Body Weight Lines of Chickens
Authors: Pettersson Mats E , Johansson Anna M , Siegel Paul B , Carlborg Örjan 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
By studying genomic changes over time in populations subjected to strong artificial directional selection, we can gain insights to the dynamics of beneficial alleles originating from the founder population or emerging as novel mutations undergoing ongoing selection. The Virginia lines are a chicken resource population generated by long-term bi-directional, single-trait selection for juvenile body weight. We studied genome-wide allele frequency changes from generation 40 to 53 using genome-wide genotypes from directional and relaxed selection lines. Overall, there were small changes in allele frequencies at individual loci over the studied time period; but, on average, the changes were greater in lines with larger phenotypic changes. This is consistent with previous findings that much of the response to selection over the first 40 years of selection was attributable to utilization of standing genetic variation at many loci in the genome, indicating a mostly polygenic architecture for body weight. Over the course of the selection experiment, the largest phenotypic response to selection was observed in the high-weight selected line, and in this line we detected a single locus where the allele frequency changed rapidly during a late stage of the experiment. This locus likely contains a novel, beneficial mutation that appeared between generations 40 and 45 and was driven to fixation in 5 to 10 generations. This result illustrates the dependence of continued long-term selection response on standing genetic variation at many loci as well as strong, novel, beneficial mutations.
The Evolution and Consequences of Sex-Specific Reproductive Variance
Authors: Mullon Charles , Reuter Max , Lehmann Laurent 
Published: October 2013

AbstractNatural selection favors alleles that increase the number of offspring produced by their carriers. But in a world that is inherently uncertain within generations, selection also favors alleles that reduce the variance in the number of offspring produced. If previous studies have established this principle, they have largely ignored fundamental aspects of sexual reproduction and therefore how selection on sex-specific reproductive variance operates. To study the evolution and consequences of sex-specific reproductive variance, we present a population-genetic model of phenotypic evolution in a dioecious population that incorporates previously neglected components of reproductive variance. First, we derive the probability of fixation for mutations that affect male and/or female reproductive phenotypes under sex-specific selection. We find that even in the simplest scenarios, the direction of selection is altered when reproductive variance is taken into account. In particular, previously unaccounted for covariances between the reproductive outputs of different individuals are expected to play a significant role in determining the direction of selection. Then, the probability of fixation is used to develop a stochastic model of joint male and female phenotypic evolution. We find that sex-specific reproductive variance can be responsible for changes in the course of long-term evolution. Finally, the model is applied to an example of parental-care evolution. Overall, our model allows for the evolutionary analysis of social traits in finite and dioecious populations, where interactions can occur within and between sexes under a realistic scenario of reproduction.
Sources and Structures of Mitotic Crossovers That Arise When BLM Helicase Is Absent inDrosophila
Authors: LaFave Matthew C , Andersen Sabrina L , Stoffregen Eric P , Korda Holsclaw Julie , Kohl Kathryn P , Overton Lewis J , Sekelsky Jeff 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Bloom syndrome helicase, BLM, has numerous functions that prevent mitotic crossovers. We used unique features of Drosophila melanogaster to investigate origins and properties of mitotic crossovers that occur when BLM is absent. Induction of lesions that block replication forks increased crossover frequencies, consistent with functions for BLM in responding to fork blockage. In contrast, treatment with hydroxyurea, which stalls forks, did not elevate crossovers, even though mutants lacking BLM are sensitive to killing by this agent. To learn about sources of spontaneous recombination, we mapped mitotic crossovers in mutants lacking BLM. In the male germline, irradiation-induced crossovers were distributed randomly across the euchromatin, but spontaneous crossovers were nonrandom. We suggest that regions of the genome with a high frequency of mitotic crossovers may be analogous to common fragile sites in the human genome. Interestingly, in the male germline there is a paucity of crossovers in the interval that spans the pericentric heterochromatin, but in the female germline this interval is more prone to crossing over. Finally, our system allowed us to recover pairs of reciprocal crossover chromosomes. Sequencing of these revealed the existence of gene conversion tracts and did not provide any evidence for mutations associated with crossovers. These findings provide important new insights into sources and structures of mitotic crossovers and functions of BLM helicase.
Closures on partial partitions from closures on sets
Authors: Ronse Christian 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Jordens and Sturm investigated the link between closure systems on sets and closure systems on partitions. We extend that study to the wider framework of partial partitions, and highlight better the relation between these two families of closure systems. Then we consider the construction of a closure operator on partial partitions by the iterated application a set operator to the blocks of a partial partition; the resulting closure system fits into our framework.
Čebyšev-Grüss-type inequalities revisited
Authors: Gonska Heiner , Raşa Ioan , Rusu Maria-Daniela 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
We generalize and improve several inequalities of the Čebyšev-Grüss-type using least concave majorants of the moduli of continuity of the functions involved. Our focus is on normalized positive linear functionals. We discuss a problem posed by the two Gavreas and also give the solution of a stronger one. In a section about the non-multiplicativity of positive linear operators it is demonstrated that the previous use of second moments is not quite the right choice. This is documented in the case of the classical Hermite-Fejér and de La Vallée Poussin convolution operators.
On associated and co-recursive d-orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Sadek Saib A. , Zerouki Ebtissem 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The associated sequence of order r for a given d-OPS (i.e. a sequence of orthogonal polynomials satisfying a (d + 1)-order recurrence relation), is again a d-OPS. In this paper we are interested in the determination of the corresponding dual sequence. The explicit form of the dual sequence of the first associated sequence and the corresponding formal Stieltjes function are given. Indeed, we construct by recurrence the dual sequence of the r-associated sequence and we give some properties of the corresponding Stieltjes function. Second, we give the definition of co-recursive polynomials of dimension d and some relations in the particular cases d = 3 and d = 4. Some properties of the dual sequence as well as of the corresponding Stieltjes functions are given.
A sequential implicit function theorem for the chords iteration
Authors: Nedelcheva Diana 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In this paper we study the local convergence of the method $$0 \in f\left( {p,x_k } \right) + A\left( {x_{k + 1} - x_k } \right) + F\left( {x_{k + 1} } \right),$$ in order to find the solution of the generalized equation $$find x \in X such that 0 \in f\left( {p,x} \right) + F\left( x \right).$$ We first show that under the strong metric regularity of the linearization of the associated mapping and some additional assumptions regarding dependence on the parameter and the relation between the operator A and the Jacobian $$\nabla _x f\left( {\bar p,\bar x} \right)$$, we prove linear convergence of the method which is uniform in the parameter p. Then we go a step further and obtain a sequential implicit function theorem describing the dependence of the set of sequences of iterates of the parameter.
The sharp threshold for percolation on expander graphs
Authors: Shang Yilun 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
We consider a random subgraph G
n(p) of a finite graph family G
n = (V
n, E
n) formed by retaining each edge of G
n independently with probability p. We show that if G
n is an expander graph with vertices of bounded degree, then for any c
n ∈ (0, 1) satisfying $$c_n \gg {1 \mathord{\left/
{\vphantom {1 {\sqrt {\ln n} }}} \right.
\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\sqrt {\ln n} }}$$ and $$\mathop {\lim \sup }\limits_{n \to \infty } c_n < 1$$, the property that the random subgraph contains a giant component of order c
n|V
n| has a sharp threshold.