bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The epidemiology of cancer among police officers
Authors: Wirth Michael , Vena John E. , Smith Emily K. , Bauer Sarah E. , Violanti John , Burch James 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundThis review summarizes peer‐reviewed studies examining cancer risks among police officers. It provides an overview of existing research limitations and uncertainties and the plausible etiologic risk factors associated with cancer in this understudied occupation.MethodsPrevious cancer studies among police officers were obtained via a systematic review of the MEDLINE, CABDirect, and Web of Science bibliographic databases.ResultsQuality observational studies of cancer among police officers are sparse and subject to limitations in exposure assessment and other methods. Results from three studies suggested possible increased mortality risks for all cancers, and cancers of the colon, kidney, digestive system, esophagus, male breast, and testis, as well as Hodgkin's disease. Few incidence studies have been performed, and results have been mixed, although some associations with police work have been observed for thyroid, skin, and male breast cancer.ConclusionsPolice are exposed to a mix of known or suspected agents or activities that increase cancer risk. Epidemiologic evidence to date is sparse and inconsistent. There is a critical need for more research to understand the biological and social processes underlying exposures and the suggested disproportionate risks and to identify effective prevention strategies. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:439–453, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reducing Chemical Exposures in Nail Salons through Owner and Worker Trainings: An Exploratory Intervention Study
Authors: Quach Thu , Varshavsky Julia , Von Behren Julie , Garcia Erika , Tong My , Nguyen Tuan , Tran Alisha , Gunier Robert , Reynolds Peggy 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundNail salons represent a rapidly growing industry with mainly Vietnamese immigrant workers. Workers routinely handle nail products containing hazardous compounds, yet have limited accessible information to minimize workplace exposures.MethodsWe conducted a culturally appropriate pilot intervention on workplace chemical exposure reduction strategies. We trained eight Vietnamese owners, who then trained Vietnamese workers in their salons. We conducted pre‐, mid‐, and post‐intervention assessments with workers, including an in‐person survey and personal air monitoring of volatile compounds.ResultsSurvey results suggested statistically significant increases for chemical knowledge and behavioral changes in glove and mask use, and a reduced prevalence of nose, throat, and skin irritations. Air monitoring results showed a net reduction for methyl methacrylate and total volatile organic compounds, but not for toluene.ConclusionsWorker education disseminated through salon owners to their workers can improve work‐related knowledge, behavior, health symptoms, and exposures for select air contaminants, although more research is warranted. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:806–817, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Risk factors, health behaviors, and injury among adults employed in the transportation, warehousing, and utilities super sector
Authors: Helmkamp James C. , Lincoln Jennifer E. , Sestito John , Wood Eric , Birdsey Jan , Kiefer Max 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe TWU super sector is engaged in the movement of passengers and cargo, warehousing of goods, and the delivery of services. The purpose of this study is to describe employee self‐reported personal risk factors, health behaviors and habits, disease and chronic conditions, and employer‐reported nonfatal injury experiences of workers in the TWU super sector.MethodsNational Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data for 1997–2007, grouped into six morbidity and disability categories and three age groups, were reviewed. Demographic characteristics and prevalence estimates are reported for workers in the TWU super sector and the entire U.S. workforce, and compared with national adult population data from the NHIS. Bureau of Labor Statistics employer‐reported TWU injury data from 2003 to 2007 was also reviewed.ResultsAn average of 8.3 million workers were employed annually in the TWU super sector. TWU workers 65 or older reported the highest prevalence of hypertension (49%) across all industry sectors, but the 20% prevalence is notable among middle age workers (25–64). TWU workers had the highest prevalence of obesity (28%), compared to workers in all other industry sectors. Female TWU workers experienced the highest number of lost workdays (6.5) in the past year across all TWU demographic groups.ConclusionsSelf‐reported high proportions of chronic conditions including hypertension and heart disease combined with elevated levels of being overweight and obese, and lack of physical activity—particularly among TWUs oldest workers—can meaningfully inform wellness strategies and interventions focused on this demographic group. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:556–568, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hox transcriptional specificity despite a single class of cofactors: Are flexible interaction modes the key?
Authors: Merabet Samir , Hudry Bruno 
Published: December 2012

AbstractEditor's suggested further reading in BioEssays ftz Evolution: Findings, hypotheses and speculations (response to DOI 10.1002/bies.201100019) AbstractOn the border of the homeotic function: Re‐evaluating the controversial role of cofactor‐recruiting motifs AbstractControl of DNA replication: A new facet of Hox proteins? AbstractClassification of sequence signatures: a guide to Hox protein function Abstract
Secondary Metabolites and Biological Properties of Gesneriaceae Species
Authors: Verdan Maria Helena , Stefanello Maria Élida Alves 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe family Gesneriaceae comprises ca. 150 genera and 3000 species, distributed in the tropics around the world. It is constituted of herbs, lianas, or shrubs, frequently with ornamental potential, due to the beauty of their flowers. Some species have been used in traditional medicine, mainly against fever, cough, colds, snakebite, pains, and infectious and inflammatory diseases. Although Gesneriaceae are a large family, only few species were chemically investigated, and this took place mainly in the last decade. In the present work, chemical and pharmacological studies on Gesneriaceae are reviewed based on original articles published. Altogether 300 compounds have been reported in Gesneriaceae species, including flavonoids, terpenes and steroids, phenolic glucosides, simple phenolics, quinones, lignans, xanthones, and compounds with unusual skeletons. Several species had been used in folk medicine, and some constituents have shown biological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti‐inflamatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties.
Sesquiterpene Lactones from Centaurea zuccariniana and Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Ćirić Ana , Karioti Anastasia , Koukoulitsa Catherine , Soković Marina , Skaltsa Helen 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTwenty‐nine compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of the Greek plant C. zuccariniana DC. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by means of NMR‐ (1H,1H‐COSY, 1H,13C‐HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, and ROESY) and mass‐spectral analyses. These compounds comprise 13 sesquiterpene lactones, 14 flavonoids, two lignans, and one simple lactone. Among the isolated sesquiterpene lactones, three are new, namely one heliangolide, (1E,4Z)‐15‐hydroxy‐8α‐O‐(4′‐acetoxy‐3′‐hydroxy‐2′‐methylidenebutanoyl)‐6βH,7αH‐germacra‐1,4,11(13)‐trien‐6,12‐olide; and two eudesmanolides, 8α‐(4′,5′‐diacetoxyangeloyl)sonchucarpolide and one unusual eudesmanolide with an oxygenated bridge linking C(1) and C(4), named zuccarinin. The main sesquiterpene lactones were malacitenolide, cnicin, and 4′‐O‐acetylcnicin. These results are in agreement with those obtained from the previously studied Greek Centaurea sp. belonging to the section Acrolophus (Cass.) DC.; this finding could be of chemotaxonomic significance for the genus Centaurea.The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the isolated new sesquiterpene lactones were against eight bacteria and eight fungal species. A 96‐well microbioassay procedure for fast and easy evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities was applied to compare these compounds with commercial antibiotic and fungicide standards, and with previously isolated analogous sesquiterpene lactones tested by the same bioassay. All of the compounds tested showed moderate antibacterial, but significant antifungal activities; the present results corroborate with previous data, indicating that these types of compounds exhibit low or moderate antibacterial, but potent antifungal activities. The unusual eudesmanolide zuccarinin proved to be the most potent among the present tested sesquiterpene lactones, as well as among all previously tested eudesmanolides isolated from Greek Centaurea sp.
Diterpenoids and a Diarylheptanoid from Hedychium coronarium with Significant Anti‐Angiogenic and Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: Zhan Zha‐Jun , Wen Yan‐Tao , Ren Feng‐Yun , Rao Gui‐Wei , Shan Wei‐Guang , Li Cheng‐Ping 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTwo new labdane diterpenoids, namely hedycoronals A and B (1 and 2, resp.), were isolated from the rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium, together with eight known diterpenoids, 4–11, and a known diarylheptanoid, 3. The structures of 1 and 2 were established by detailed interpretation of their 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectra and HR‐ESI‐MS data. Inhibitory activities against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUMECs) proliferation and cytotoxic activities against four cancer cell lines were assessed for all the isolates. Most of these metabolites showed moderate or potent cytotoxic activities against four cancer cell lines. Moreover, compounds 3 and 8 exhibited promising inhibitory activities against HUMECs with the IC50 values of 6.4 to 3.3 μM.
Chemical Variability of the Essential Oil of Juniperus phoenicea var. turbinata from Algeria
Authors: Bekhechi Chahrazed , Atik Bekkara Fewzia , Consiglio Danaë , Bighelli Ange , Tomi Félix 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe chemical composition of 50 samples of leaf oil isolated from Algerian Juniperus phoenicea var. turbinata L. harvested in eight locations (littoral zone and highlands) was investigated by GC‐FID (in combination with retention indices), GC/MS, and 13C‐NMR analyses. The composition of the J. phoenicea var. turbinata leaf oils was dominated by monoterpenes. Hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses confirmed the chemical variability of the leaf oil of this species. Indeed, three clusters were distinguished on the basis of the α‐pinene, α‐terpinyl acetate, β‐phellandrene, and germacrene D contents. In most oil samples, α‐pinene (30.2–76.7%) was the major compound, associated with β‐phellandrene (up to 22.5%) and α‐terpinyl acetate (up to 13.4%). However, five out of the 50 samples exhibited an atypical composition characterized by the predominance of germacrene D (16.7–22.7%), α‐pinene (15.8–20.4%), and α‐terpinyl acetate (6.1–22.6%).
NO Bond as a Glycosidic‐Bond Surrogate: Synthetic Studies Toward Polyhydroxylated N‐Alkoxypiperidines
Authors: Malik Gaëlle , Ferry Angélique , Guinchard Xavier , Cresteil Thierry , Crich David 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA series of novel polyhydroxylated N‐alkoxypiperidines has been synthesized by ring‐closing double reductive amination (DRA) of highly functionalized 1,5‐dialdehydes with various hydroxylamines. The required saccharide‐based dialdehydes were prepared efficiently from sodium cyclopentadienylide in seven steps. A two‐step protocol has been developed for the DRA; it led, after deprotection, to isofagomine, 3‐deoxyisofagomine, and numerous other N‐alkoxy analogues. The barrier to inversion in these polyhydroxylated N‐alkoxypiperidine derivatives was found by variable‐temperature NMR methods to be approximately 15 kcal mol−1. With the exception of N‐hydroxyisofagomine itself, none of the compounds prepared showed significant inhibitory activity against sweet almond β‐glucosidase.
Biobased Glycerol – a New Feedstock for Chemical Industry?
Authors: Reinhardt Guido Andreas , Paulsch Detlev , Keller Heiko 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAls Nebenprodukt der Biodieselherstellung anfallendes Glycerin ist ein Rohstoff biologischen Ursprungs, der nicht die Nachteile fossiler Ressourcen hat und auch nicht als Nahrungsmittel verwendet werden kann. Ob eine Verwendung in der chemischen Industrie Umweltvorteile mit sich bringt, wurde in einer Ökobilanz untersucht. Die Ökobilanz von Nutzungsoptionen für Glycerin aus der Biodieselproduktion zeigt die konventionelle stoffliche Nutzung ohne Umsetzung als ökologisch günstigste Variante. Allerdings ist absehbar, dass bei steigender Biodieselproduktion nicht alles Glycerin derart genutzt werden kann. Innovative biotechnologische Umsetzungen von Glycerin zu n‐Butanol oder 1,3‐Propandiol wie auch energetische Nutzungen können in diesem Fall ökologische Vorteile aufweisen, wenn insbesondere die Energie‐ und Ressourceneffizienz weiter optimiert werden.
Adsorptive Removal of Sulfurous Components from Natural Gas
Authors: Steuten Bastian , Pasel Christoph , Luckas Michael , Bathen Dieter 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBei der technischen Nutzung von Erdgas müssen toxische und korrosive Verbindungen entfernt werden. Ergebnisse der Untersuchung der Adsorption verschiedener Schwefelverbindungen, CO2 und Wasser aus einem Trägergas (CH4 oder N2) an einem Festbett werden vorgestellt. Die Versuche wurden an zwei industriell eingesetzten Adsorbentien (Silica‐Alumina‐Gel, 5A‐Zeolith) bei 298 K und 1,3 bar (abs.) im Spurenbereich bis 2000 Mol‐ppm durchgeführt. Aus den experimentellen Durchbruchskurven wurden mittels Massenbilanzen Adsorptionskapazitäten für die Adsorptive bestimmt und an bekannte Isothermengleichungen angepasst. Zur Modellierung der dynamischen Vorgänge im Festbett wurde ein einfacher Linear‐driving‐force‐Ansatz gewählt, mit dem eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen Experiment und Modellierung gefunden wurde.
Drei mal drei
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDie Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion, bei der drei Doppelbindungen einen Reigen tanzen und einen neuen Ring schließen, ist ein altbekannter Klassiker. Allerdings wurde erst jetzt entdeckt, dass sie auch mit drei Dreifachbindungen funktioniert und viele nützliche Synthesewege ermöglicht.
Optimization and Modeling of the Photocatalytic Degradation of the Insect Repellent DEET in Aqueous TiO2 Suspensions
Authors: Antonopoulou Maria , Konstantinou Ioannis 
Published: December 2012

AbstractResponse surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) based on a multivariate central composite design (CCD) were applied to model and optimize the photocatalytic degradation of N,N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide (DEET). The individual and interaction effects of three main operating factors (mass of TiO2, initial DEET concentration, and irradiation intensity) on process efficiency were estimated, proving their important effect on % DEET removal. Among the independent variables, TiO2 concentration displayed the highest effect on DEET degradation followed by initial DEET concentration and UV intensity. The optimization and prediction capabilities of ANNs and RSM were compared on the basis of root mean squared error, mean absolute error, absolute average deviation, and correlation coefficient values. Results proved the usefulness and capability of the experimental design strategy for successful investigation and modeling of the photocatalytic process. Moreover, the selected ANN gave better estimation capabilities throughout the range of variables than RSM. Based on the models and the related experimental conditions, the optimal values of each parameter were determined. Under optimum conditions, DEET and total organic carbon (TOC) followed pseudo‐first order kinetics. Nearly complete degradation of DEET took place within 15 min whereas high TOC removal percentages (>85%) was achieved after 90 min irradiation time.
Developing a Collection of Immobilized Nucleoside Phosphorylases for the Preparation of Nucleoside Analogues: Enzymatic Synthesis of Arabinosyladenine and 2′,3′‐Dideoxyinosine
Authors: Serra Immacolata , Ubiali Daniela , Piškur Jure , Christoffersen Stig , Lewkowicz Elizabeth S. , Iribarren Adolfo M. , Albertini Alessandra M. , Terreni Marco 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe use of nucleoside phosphorylases (NPs; EC 2.4.2.n) represents a convenient alternative to the chemical route for the synthesis of natural and modified nucleosides. We purified four recombinantly expressed nucleoside phosphorylases from the bacterial pathogens Citrobacter koseri, Clostridium perfringens, and Streptococcus pyogenes (CkPNPI, CkPNPII, CpUP, SpUP) and their substrate specificity was investigated towards either natural pyrimidine or purine nucleosides and some analogues, namely, arabinosyladenine (araA) and 2′,3′‐dideoxyinosine (ddI). A 2–3 % activity towards these latter compounds (compared to the natural substrates) was observed. Enzyme activities were compared to the specificities obtained for the enzymes pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase from Bacillus subtilis (BsPyNP) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Aeromonas hydrophila (AhPNPII) previously reported by some of the authors. The enzymes displaying the suitable specificity for the synthesis of araA and ddI were immobilized on aldehyde–agarose. The immobilized preparations were highly stable at alkaline pH and in the presence of methanol or acetonitrile as cosolvent. They were used in the synthesis of araA and ddI by a one‐pot, bienzymatic transglycosylation achieving 74 and 44 % conversion, respectively.
Effectiveness of topical anesthetics on reducing tactile sensitivity in the paws of newborn rats
Authors: Strain Misty M. , Vineyard Mary Ann , Roberto Megan E. , Brumley Michele R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three local, topical anesthetics on touch response thresholds of the paws of 1‐day‐old rats. Touch response thresholds were measured using Semmes Weinstein monofilaments after treatment of the paws with EMLA (2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine), alcaine (.5% proparacaine), triocaine (20% benzocaine, 6% lidocaine, and 4% tetracaine), or petroleum jelly (treatment control). Touch thresholds significantly increased after treatment with EMLA 18% of the time, and there was no evidence of a systemic effect. Touch thresholds were not significantly altered after treatment with alcaine, triocaine, or petroleum jelly. Therefore, EMLA appears to be a slightly effective topical anesthetic for reducing tactile sensitivity in newborn rats. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 126–132, 2014.
Secretive food concocting in binge eating: Test of a famine hypothesis
Authors: Boggiano Mary M. , Turan Bulent , Maldonado Christine R. , Oswald Kimberly D. , Shuman Ellen S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjective:Food concocting, or making strange food mixtures, is well documented in the famine and experimental semistarvation literature and appears anecdotally in rare descriptions of eating disorder (ED) patients but has never been scientifically investigated. Here we do so in the context of binge‐eating using a “famine hypothesis of concocting.”Method:A sample of 552 adults varying in binge eating and dieting traits completed a Concocting Survey created for this study. Exploratory ED groups were created to obtain predictions as to the nature of concocting in clinical populations.Results:Binge eating predicted the 24.6% of participants who reported having ever concocted but dietary restraint, independently, even after controlling for binge eating, predicted its frequency and salience. Craving was the main motive. Emotions while concocting mirrored classic high‐arousal symptoms associated with drug use; while eating the concoctions were associated with intensely negative/self‐deprecating emotions. Concocting prevalence and salience was greater in the anorexia > bulimia > BED > no ED groups, consistent with their respectively incrementing dieting scores.Discussion:Concocting distinguishes binge eating from other overeating and, consistent with the famine hypothesis, is accounted for by dietary restraint. Unlike its adaptive function in famine, concocting could worsen binge‐eating disorders by increasing negative effect, shame, and secrecy. Its assessment in these disorders may prove therapeutically valuable. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013)
2D Bimetallic Oxalate‐Based Ferromagnets with Inserted [Fe(4‐Br‐sal2‐trien)]+ and [Fe(3‐R‐sal2‐trien)]+ (R = Br, Cl and CH3O) FeIII Spin‐Crossover Complexes
Authors: Clemente‐León Miguel , Coronado Eugenio , López‐Jordà Maurici 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe syntheses, structures and magnetic properties of the compounds of formula [FeIII(4‐Br‐sal2‐trien)][MnIICrIII(ox)3]0.67Cl0.33·CH3OH_solvate (1), [FeIII(3‐Br‐sal2‐trien)][MnIICrIII(ox)3]·(CH3CN)2 (2), [FeIII(3‐Cl‐sal2‐trien)][MnIICrIII(ox)3]·(CH3OH)2·(CH3CN)2 (3) and [FeIII(3‐CH3O‐sal2‐trien)][MnIICrIII(ox)3]·(CH3OH)·(H2O)1.5·(CH2Cl2)0.5 (4) are reported. The four structures present a 2D honeycomb anionic layer formed by MnII and CrIII ions linked through oxalate ligands and a cationic layer of the FeIII complexes intercalated between the 2D oxalate network. The main differences compared with previous 2D oxalate‐based structures are the presence of double layers of cations in compounds 1, 3 and 4 and porous channels in the structures of 1 and 4 filled with disordered solvent molecules. The magnetic properties indicate that the inserted FeIII cations undergo an almost complete spin crossover above 300 K in 1 and a partial spin crossover in 3 and 4 that coexists with a ferromagnetic ordering of the oxalate network. In the case of 2, the inserted cation remains in the HS from 2 to 300 K. Therefore, 1, 3 and 4 are multifunctional compounds with coexistence of spin crossover and magnetic ordering. Conversely, photomagnetic characterization shows that 1 and 3 do not present a LIESST effect in contrast to the 2D compound [FeIII(sal2‐trien)][MnIICrIII(ox)3]·(CH2Cl2). These results could help to clarify this rare property for a FeIII complex.
A Hexanuclear Cobalt(II) Cluster Incorporated in a Banana‐Shaped Tungstovanadate: [(Co(OH2)Co2VW9O34)2(VW6O26)]17–
Authors: Lv Hongjin , Song Jie , Geletii Yurii V. , Guo Weiwei , Bacsa John , Hill Craig L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe hexanuclear cobalt‐containing tungstovanadate complex, Na17[(Co(OH2)Co2VW9O34)2(VW6O26)]·31H2O (1) has been synthesized through reaction of cobalt nitrate, sodium tungstate, and V2O5 in acetate buffer solution. The title compound has been characterized by X‐ray crystallography, elemental analysis, FTIR, UV/Vis, and 51V NMR spectroscopy and by cyclic voltammetry. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c (a = 15.706(3) Å, b = 21.973(5) Å, c = 35.080(8) Å, α = 90°, β = 97.420(3)°, γ = 90°; V = 12005(5) Å3; Z = 4; based on 192337 independent reflections), which consists of two tri‐CoII substituted B‐α‐[(Co(OH2)Co2VW9O39)] Keggin units bridged by one unique [VW6O16] fragment leading to a banana‐shaped structure with idealized C2ν symmetry. Stability studies show that polyoxoanion 1 ultimately transforms into the tetracobalt‐containing sandwich‐type polyoxoanion, 2, as confirmed by 51V NMR and X‐ray crystallographic analyses. Polyoxoanion 1 shows catalytic activity for the H2O2‐based epoxidation of 1‐hexene and cyclohexene in 1,2‐dichloroethane solvent.