bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Anti‐Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity of Pterostilbene Derivatives
Authors: Zhang Xingxing , Li Bin , Liu Xiaohan , Chen Liuzeng , Ruan Banfeng , Xia Chun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aberrant activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes is intricately linked to various inflammatory diseases. In this study, we present the discovery and optimization of a series of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors based on the pterostilbene skeleton. All compounds underwent screening to evaluate their inhibitory effects on LPS/Nigericin‐induced IL‐1β secretion and anti‐cellular pyroptosis. Most compounds exhibit good biological activity and cellular safety, with compound D20 showing the most prominent activity. Preliminary mechanism studies suggest that compound D20 may affect the assembly of NLRP3 inflammasomes by targeting the NLRP3 protein, thereby inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. The in vivo anti‐inflammatory activity demonstrated significant therapeutic effect of compound D20 on DSS‐induced acute colitis model in mice. This work has important reference significance for the development of drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes.
Parkinsonism as an initial presentation of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Bahrami Sahar Nikkhah , Karimi Asal Sadat , Khosravi Sepehr , Almasi‐Dooghaee Mostafa 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageCreutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder. This case highlights parkinsonism as a rare initial manifestation of sporadic CJD (sCJD), emphasizing the need for heightened clinical awareness to prevent misdiagnosis. Early and accurate diagnosis of sCJD is crucial for preventing potential iatrogenic transmission and optimizing patient management.AbstractCreutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurodegenerative illness. While movement disorders may be present at the onset of the disease in about half of those with sporadic CJD (sCJD), parkinsonism is a rare initial presentation. In this article, we report a case of CJD with parkinsonism as the initial presentation of the disease. We report a 69‐year‐old lady with initial symptoms of gait difficulty, tremor, and bradykinesia. Later, she developed cognitive impairment, ataxia, chin tremor, and myoclonic jerks. Her condition worsened to the point of akinetic mutism. She was diagnosed with probable sCJD after detecting protein 14‐3‐3 in her cerebrospinal fluid and observing typical imaging features.This case report illustrates important aspects of an inevitably fatal and rapidly progressing disease's early presentation and clinical features. The uncommon initial presentations of sCJD should be considered with the intent of preventing misdiagnosis in the future. Early diagnosis of sCJD can prevent possible iatrogenic disease transmission and improve patient care.
Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus‐like element (SETTLE)—Report of a rare thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Bernardo Patrícia , Messias Henrique , Nogueira Ricardo , Lopes Brazão , Gomes Pedro 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageSpindle epithelial tumor with thymus‐like element should be included in the differential diagnosis of thyroid gland cancers, particularly in medullary carcinoma, younger patients and indolent clinical presentation, because it may influence treatment and prognosis.
A case of COVID‐19‐associated C‐ANCA vasculitis, was successfully treated with rituximab therapy
Authors: Filoramo Michael , Contractor Renish , Chandramohan Deepak , Singh Prabhat , Jena Nihar , Simhadri Prathap Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageBoth C‐anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and P‐ANCA vasculitis were reported to be associated with COVID‐19 infection. The ideal management of COVID‐19‐associated ANCA vasculitis is unclear, as the experiences were limited to case reports. We presented a case of COVID‐19‐associated C‐ANCA vasculitis, successfully treated with steroids and rituximab therapy without any significant adverse reactions.
Solar‐Assisted CO2 Methanation via Photocatalytic Sabatier Reaction by Calcined Titanium‐based Organic Framework Supported RuOx Nanoparticles
Authors: Rueda‐Navarro Celia M. , González‐Fernández Marta , Cabrero‐Antonino María , Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Ferrer Belén , Baldoví Herme G. , Navalón Sergio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCO2 reduction by sunlight under mild reaction conditions is a research area of increasing interest expected to favor decarbonization and produce fuels and chemicals in the circular economy. We hereby report on the development of a series of titanium oxide‐based solids produced by calcination of MIL‐125(Ti)‐NH2 decorated with RuOx nanoparticles (1 wt %) material at temperatures from 350 to 650 °C and used as photocatalysts for CO2 methanation under simulated sunlight irradiation (45 mW/cm2) at <200 °C and 1.5 atm total pressure. The material synthesized at 350 °C produced the highest photoactivity of the series (4.73 mmol g−1 CH4 at 22 h and an apparent quantum yield at 400, 500 and 750 nm of 0.76, 0.65 and 0.54 %, respectively), comparing favorably with the activities of other MOF‐based materials reported so far. Insights into the material's photocatalytic performance and a study of the possible reaction pathways during CO2 methanation were obtained by electrochemical impedance, electron spin resonance, photoluminescence and in situ FT‐IR spectroscopies together with transient photocurrent and hydrogen temperature programed desorption measurements. The study showed the possibility of using MOF‐based materials as precursors to develop metal oxide photocatalysts with enhanced activities for solar‐driven gaseous CO2 photomethanation.
A historical assessment of the number of days required to plant the Arkansas soybean crop
Authors: Badarch Bayarbat , Watkins K. Bradley , Griffin Terry 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this paper is to quantitatively analyze the number of acres planted per suitable fieldwork day and the total number of fieldwork days available for the complete planting of soybeans (Glycine max L.) in Arkansas. Total days to plant soybeans in each spring from 1980 to 2023 averaged about 33 days, indicating that roughly 33 days are expected, on average, from the month of April to May based on USDA‐NASS weekly crop progress and condition data. Furthermore, the average soybean planted acres is estimated at 106,736 acres per day within the study period. Recently, variations in this range appear more pronounced, likely due to the significant impact of extreme spring weather conditions. However, technological advancements have enabled soybean producers to plant crops as early as the first half of March or as late as June, contributing to the increased variability observed from year to year in recent times. Furthermore, Arkansas's optimal soybean planting window typically provides an average of 4.7 fieldwork days per week. These quantified estimates offer historical data on Arkansas's soybean planting performance and will prove highly valuable for informing future soybean planting strategies.
Photo‐/Electrocatalytic Difunctionalization of Alkenes Enabled by C−H Radical Functionalization
Authors: Zhou Zi‐Long , Zhang Yin , Cui Pei‐Zhe , Li Jin‐Heng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe difunctionalization of alkenes represents a powerful tool to incorporate two functional groups into the alkene bones for increasing molecular complexity and has been widely utilizations in chemical synthesis. Upon the catalysis of the green, sustainable, mild photo‐/electrochemistry technologies, much attentions have been attracted to the development of new tactics for the transformations of the important alkene and alkane feedstocks driven by C−H radical functionalization. Herein, we summarize recent advances in the photo‐/electrocatalytic difunctionalization of alkenes enabled by C−H radical functionalization. We detailedly discuss the substrate scope and the mechanisms of the photo‐/electrocatalytic alkene difunctionalization reactions by selecting impressive synthetic examples, which are divided into four sections based on the final terminated step, including oxidative radical‐polar crossover coupling, reductive radical‐polar crossover coupling, radical‐radical coupling, and transition‐metal‐catalyzed coupling.
One‐Pot Synthesis of 1, 2‐Dihydro [1,2,4] Triazinium Salt by Copper‐Assisted Unprecedented Cyclization Reaction: Applications in DNA and Protein Interaction Studies
Authors: Maji Ankur , Yadav Aditya , Sharma Shubham , Saini Rajat , Singh Anshu , Mohanty Aurobinda , Nandi Chayan K. , Ghosh Kaushik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCopper catalyzed intramolecular annulation of 2‐((2‐benzylidene‐1‐phenylhydrazineyl)methyl)pyridine derivatives was described. It was found that Cu(II) is reduced under the reaction condition to Cu(I). Synthesized 1,2‐dihydro [1,2,4] triazinium salt showed fluorescence activity in the solid state. On treating with base, an instant increase in fluorescence was observed. A detailed physicochemical assessment underscored the robust DNA‐binding capabilities of the [1,2,4]triazinium cationic species (C1–C3) via intercalative mechanisms. Notably, binding assays with BSA accentuated the heightened nucleic acid affinity of these cationic species.
Tax avoidance and sustainability reporting: Alignment or greenwashing strategy?
Authors: Nasih Mohammad , Harymawan Iman , Abdul Rasid Siti Zaleha , Putra Fajar Kristanto Gautama 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between sustainability reporting and tax avoidance, distinguishing genuine alignment with environmental and social commitments from greenwashing strategies. We also examine the impact of tax amnesty programs on these reporting motives. Using Indonesian nonfinancial listed firms in the 2010–2018 period, this study reveals that these firms employ sustainability reporting as a means of impression management to conceal their tax avoidance practices. Moreover, we document a negative relationship between sustainability reporting and tax avoidance when the firms participate in the tax amnesty program. Our findings are robust, and we provide several additional analyses to expand our contribution. Lastly, our study is believed to be one of the few that focuses on providing empirical evidence on how sustainability reporting is utilized as a “smokescreen” of tax avoidances.
Selective Lithium Recovery from Spent Lithium Manganate Batteries Using Oxidative Stabilization Technique
Authors: Yan Yong , Zhang Ming , Zhang Zhi‐Jie , Ma Shan , Chen Min , Zhou Dan , Sun Lei , Cheng Haibin , Chen Zhi , Tang Cong‐Ming , Xu Jun‐Qiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing oxidizing compounds to handle the recycling of discarded lithium batteries has advanced significantly in recent years. One of the most prominent methods is the sintered electrode powder treatment using pre‐used additives, with an aqueous solution of the oxidizing agent fueling highly selective lithium extraction and transition metals retention in the refractory material. Herein, phosphoric acid (H3PO4) was used as the exchanger and hydrogen ions provider, the oxidant (K2S2O8) activity was driven by heating, the raw material structure was deformed and adjusted by the oxidizing drive, and lithium was exhausted, while manganese was converted into manganese(III) phosphate hydrate and manganese dioxide insoluble material. The optimized conditions resulted in a lithium leaching rate of 94.16 % and a separation factor of 95.74 %, while the corresponding manganese leaching rate was limited to less than 5 %. The X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurements were used to investigate the influence of oxidation driving force and lithium leaching. Finally, the lithium leach solution was continuously stirred with sodium carbonate in boiling water to obtain the precipitate, which was separated and washed several times to obtain high‐purity lithium carbonate.
Aperture coupled elliptic patch nanoantenna for low‐cost interchip/intrachip optical‐wireless communication
Authors: Sangeeta Tulasi Ramachandran , Samuvel Deny John 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThis research proposes a novel low‐cost aperture coupled elliptic patch nanoantenna which works best when it has a stable radiation pattern and good gain. On the upper portion of the substratum, a cross‐shaped hole was additionally engraved from a metallic strip with a silver composition. Elliptical‐shaped silicon material is employed as a patch in this antenna design which is made on a substrate made of inexpensive glass epoxy. The silver substance makes up the nanometallic strip line at the substrate's base. A cross‐shaped hole has also been etched from a metallic strip with a silver composition on the upper section of the substrate. As the foam substrate to be used in between the feed and antenna substrates, Rohacell was adopted. A proposed simple cross‐shaped aperture enhanced the bandwidth of the planned antenna without degrading its radiation performance and is loaded on a proximity‐linked elliptical microstrip antenna. To achieve the highest coupling, the lowest back radiation, the least amount of spurious radiation, and good efficiency, the patch and feed line are positioned in the middle, at a right angle over the slot. The proposed antenna was simulated in HFSS, and optimum results were observed from the output. The results were evaluated based on radiation pattern, return loss, smith chart, radiation efficiency, and 3D polar plot for 300, 500, and 800 THz frequencies. Also, the impedance bandwidth, gain, and a number of bands were compared with other conventional methods and our proposed method proved to outperform the existing method in all aspects.
Interobserver Variability in HER‐2 Immunostaining Interpretation of Metastatic HER2 Low Breast Cancers in Cytology Specimens
Authors: Desai Niyati , Connelly Courtney F. , Sung Simon , Cimic Adela , Baskota Swikrity U. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundApproximately, 55% of breast carcinomas are reported to be HER‐2 low breast carcinomas. Trastuzumab‐Deruxtecan is a new FDA‐approved targeted therapy for HER‐2 low metastatic breast carcinomas, making it essential that all efforts are made to identify these tumors in specimens submitted for pathologic examination. Cytology specimens are often the first and only modality of this assessment due to the ease of specimen procurement. This study aimed to determine the variability in HER‐2 immunostaining interpretation among observers using cytologic specimens from metastatic sites.DesignA pathology database search was made to identify metastatic breast carcinoma reported in cytology specimens. A manual search was then done to identify cases of HER‐2 low category, H&E cell block and HER‐2 neu immunostain slides were retrieved for a total of 50 cases. Reviewer #1 and #2 independently interpreted HER‐2 immunostain of all 50 cases. Only discordant cases were sent for reviewer‐3 interpretation. All three were blinded by the metastatic site, and original HER‐2 interpretation.ResultsOf 50 cases, 11 cases (22%) were reported as concordant scores between reviewer #1 and reviewer #2 but had a discordant original IHC report. Additionally, 4 cases (8%) had discordant reporting of HER2 IHC stain between reviewer #1 and reviewer #2 making a total of 15 cases (30%) with overall discordant results.ConclusionThis study highlights the interobserver variability of HER‐2 immunostain interpretation for HER‐2 low category of breast carcinomas. We recommend the need for more robust laboratory techniques including molecular for uniform identification of these unique targetable metastatic breast carcinoma groups.
Variation in plant functional traits explains the substitution distribution and allocation strategy of Stipa species across natural grasslands of Ningxia, Northern China
Authors: Yang Jun , Li Xiaowei , Yang Junlong , Yu Shuang , Zhang Hongmei , Yang Bo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFunctional traits reflect plants' adaptability to their environment, and environmental gradients influence their distribution. But few studies have investigated the link between these traits and species substitution patterns or the relevant ecological factors. We measured the aboveground (leaf) and belowground (root) functional traits of Stipa species in 17 plots across natural grasslands in Ningxia in Northern China. Redundancy analysis was used to explore the relationships between Stipa's functional traits and its species substitution distribution. Then, on the species substitution gradient, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to verify and quantify the leaf economic spectrum (LES), root economic spectrum (RES), and whole‐plant economic spectrum (WPES), with the relation between these spectra investigated by fitting standardized major axis regressions. The effects of aboveground, belowground, and whole‐plant ecological factors were quantified and ranked by variance decomposition and hierarchical partitioning. Our results showed that functional traits drive the substitution distribution of Stipa species, in being variously coupled with its desert, typical, and meadow steppe habitat types. The leaf, root, and whole‐plant economic spectra of Stipa species in desert steppe exhibit a “quick investment‐acquisition” strategy. In typical steppe, the leaf and whole‐plant economic spectra of Stipa species correspond to a “fast investment‐acquisition” strategy, whereas the root economic spectrum adopts a “slow investment‐acquisition” strategy. On meadow steppe, the leaf, root, and whole‐plant economic spectra of Stipa species similarly adopt a “slow investment‐acquisition” strategy. Finally, when considering the environmental factors involved, we find that the substitution distribution of Stipa spp. is chiefly a response to shifting soil patterns, these mainly driven by soil total nitrogen and nitrogen/phosphorus ratio. Collectively, these findings provide an important reference for the ecological restoration and reconstruction of grassland ecosystems, to better understand the relationship between plant functional traits and ecological niche attributes, and thus guide the reasonable restoration of grassland vegetation.
Seed‐Mediated Growth of a High‐Nuclearity Titanium‐Oxide Cluster with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities in CO2/Epoxide Cycloaddition
Authors: Liu Caiyun , Liu Yanshu , Zhang Guanyun , Wang Dexin , Chen Guanjie , Gao Fangfang , Liu Linping , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wang Yifeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA high‐nuclearity titanium‐oxide cluster (TOC), Ti31O52(OiPr)4Bz24 (denoted as Ti31; Bz=PhCO2), was synthesized via a seed‐mediated synthesis method during the solvothermal reaction of the super‐Keggin cluster Ti17O24(OiPr)20 (denoted as Ti17) and Ti(OiPr)4. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses indicate that Ti17 acts as a template for the addition of two Ti7O6 rings to form Ti31. The optical absorption edge of Ti31 slightly shifts to 446 nm, relative to the 419 nm absorption edge of Ti17. Ti31 has much better visible‐light response and charge‐separation properties than Ti17, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and transient photocurrent response. Ti31 also shows much better activity and stability than Ti17 in the solar synthesis of cyclocarbonate through CO2/epoxide cycloaddition. This study not only provides a high‐nuclearity member of the TOC family, but also suggests a potential method to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the known TOCs for more efficient solar energy harvesting.
A brief history and future directions of dielectrophoretic filtration: A review
Authors: O'Donnell Mary Clare , Kepper Mariia , Pesch Georg R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDielectrophoresis (DEP) is an electrokinetic effect first studied in the early 20th century. Since then, DEP has gained significant interest in research, owing to its ability to solve particle separation problems in various industries. Dielectrophoretic filtration (DEP filtration) is a separation method using DEP to filter a wide range of microparticles, from bacterial cells to catalytic particles. DEP filtration can selectively separate particles based on size or dielectric properties, recover trapped particles and avoid common problems associated with mechanical filtration based on pore size (e.g. pressure drops and regular filter replacements). This review describes the simple beginnings of DEP filtration and how our understanding and applications for DEP filtration have progressed over time. A brief section of DEP theory as well as a note on the general outlook for DEP filtration in the future is presented. DEP filtration offers an exciting opportunity to selectively separate diverse particle mixtures. To achieve such a feat, technical challenges such as Joule Heating and low throughputs must be addressed.
Food intake and eating behaviour during a real‐life Snack Scenario in childhood obesity—An experiment using a hidden camera
Authors: Mack Isabelle , Godwin Jessica , Klos Bea , Sauer Helene , Weiland Alisa , Horing Björn , Zipfel Stephan , Enck Paul , Mazurak Nazar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare food intake and eating behaviour in children and adolescents with obesity (OBE) undergoing weight loss intervention and normal weight (NW) in a real‐life Snack Scenario.MethodsSixty OBE were examined before (T0) and after weight loss (T1) and compared to a single measurement comparison group of 27 NW. Participants watched a 20‐min film and were encouraged to snack from a variety of foods ad libitum. Food intake was measured and eating behaviour assessed via a hidden camera and a validated questionnaire.ResultsThe food and energy intake did not differ between NW (155 ± 83 g, 1067 ± 732 kJ) and OBE at T0 (144 ± 106 g, 1088 ± 883 kJ) but increased in OBE at T1 (187 ± 91 g, 1544 ± 845 kJ). Latency of food intake was significantly shorter in NW (0 m:07 s ± 0 m:08 s) compared to OBE (T0: 1 m:11 s ± 2 m:57 s). After weight loss, latency decreased in OBE (0 m:26 s ± 1 m:00 s). NW touched food more often (49 ± 24) than OBE (T0: 29 ± 23), but takes from plate were similar. The questionnaire revealed differences between OBE and NW, not correlating with Snack Scenario observations.ConclusionEating behaviours differed in NW versus OBE at T0 but food intake was similar. Therefore, behaviour while eating may be an underestimated factor in the considerations for childhood obesity.Clinical Trial RegistrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) with the trial number DRKS00005122.
Macroeconomic real‐time forecasts of univariate models with flexible error structures
Authors: Trinh Kelly , Zhang Bo , Hou Chenghan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the importance of flexible error structure specifications in two widely used univariate models, namely, autoregressive and unobserved component models, in fitting and forecasting 20 significant US macroeconomic variables. The in‐sample estimation reveals that the models with flexible error structures provide better in‐sample fit than the univariate models with homoscedastic errors. Furthermore, the density forecast analysis suggests that accommodating heavy tail, stochastic volatility, and serial correlation in error structures leads to significant improvements in short‐term forecasts. For most macroeconomic variables, the univariate models tend to yield more accurate one‐step‐ahead forecasts than the multivariate (vector autoregressive) models in terms of both point and density forecasts.