bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four false dichotomies in the study of teleology
Authors: McShea Daniel W. , Babcock Gunnar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study of teleology is challenging in many ways, but there is a particular challenge that makes matters worse, distorting the conceptual space that has set the terms of debate. And that is the tendency to think about teleology in terms of certain long‐established dichotomies. In this paper, we examine four such dichotomies prevalent in the literature on teleology, the notions that: 1) Teleological explanations are opposed to mechanistic explanations; 2) teleology must arise from processes operating either internal to an organism or external to it; 3) systems are either alive and teleological, or nonliving and not teleological; 4) humans are teleological, on account of our ability to intend, seek, prefer, etc., while other systems without these capacities are not. Here, we use our own view of goal directedness, field theory, to show for each dichotomy that there is an alternative, a view of teleology that either violates these dichotomies or demands revision of them. What this reveals is not only the dangers of dichotomous thinking, but a widespread lack of clarity about what teleology is.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cognitive Frailty in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cheng Min , Liu Qin , Gan Haoyue , Liu Hangcheng , He Mei 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factor of cognitive frailty in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.MethodsSystematically searched PubMed, EmBase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Database, and Weipu Database from inception until January 1, 2024. Two researchers were independently screened and cross‐checked. Stata 15.1 software was used to perform the meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 15 articles were included, including 5398 patients. The results showed that the prevalence of cognitive frailty in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis was 24%. Among them, age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.33, 95% CI [1.16, 1.53]), waist circumference (OR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.03, 1.08]), malnutrition (OR = 2.91, 95% CI [1.94, 4.35]), comorbidities (OR = 1.93, 95% CI [1.47, 2.54]), stroke history (OR = 2.94, 95% CI [1.72, 5.03]), and depression (OR = 3.26, 95% CI [1.91, 5.57]) were the main risk factors for cognitive frailty in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Education level (OR = 0.48, 95% CI [0.31, 0.73]) was protective factors for cognitive frailty in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.ConclusionsCurrent evidence showed that the prevalence of cognitive frailty in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis was high, and there were many risk factors. Therefore, early identification and intervention of cognitive frailty in maintenance hemodialysis patients should be carried out, which may be helpful to reduce the prevalence rate and occurrence of adverse events and improve the prognosis of patients.
Key genes and immune infiltration patterns and the clinical implications in psoriasis patients
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Tan Luyi , Zhu Chenyu , Li Min , Cheng Wenli , Zhang Wenji , Chen Yibo , Zhang Wenjuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is an immune‐mediated skin disease, closely related to immune regulation. The aim was to understand the pathogenesis of psoriasis further, reveal potential therapeutic targets, and provide new clues for its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.Materials and methodsExpression profiling data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for skin tissues from healthy population and psoriasis patients. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected for Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis separately. Machine learning algorithms were used to obtain characteristic genes closely associated with psoriasis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of the characteristic genes for psoriasis. The Cell‐type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm was used to calculate the proportion of immune cell infiltration. Correlation analysis was used to characterize the connection between gene expression and immune cell, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI).ResultsA total of 254 DEGs were identified in the psoriasis group, including 185 upregulated and 69 downregulated genes. GO was mainly enriched in cytokine‐mediated signaling pathway, response to virus, and cytokine activity. KEGG was mainly focused on cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction and IL‐17 signaling pathway. GSEA was mainly in chemokine signaling pathway and cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction. The machine learning algorithm screened nine characteristic genes C10orf99, GDA, FCHSD1, C12orf56, S100A7, INA, CHRNA9, IFI44, and CXCL9. In the validation set, the expressions of these nine genes increased in the psoriasis group, and the AUC values were all > 0.9, consistent with those of the training set. The immune infiltration results showed increased proportions of macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils in the psoriasis group. The characteristic genes were positively or negatively correlated to varying degrees with T cells and macrophages. Nine characteristic genes were highly expressed in the moderate to severe psoriasis group and positively correlated with PASI scores.ConclusionHigh levels of nine characteristic genes C10orf99, GDA, FCHSD1, C12orf56, S100A7, INA, CHRNA9, IFI44, and CXCL9 were risk factors for psoriasis, the differential expression of which was related to the regulation of immune system activity and PASI scores, affecting the proportions of different immune cells and promoting the occurrence and development of psoriasis.
Causal relationship between inflammatory skin diseases and immunoglobulin A nephropathy: A Mendelian randomization and enrichment analysis study
Authors: Li Chundi , Wang Baisen , Han Tianrun , Xu Ying , Li Xinhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis) and IgA nephropathy using Mendelian randomization and enrichment analysis.MethodsThe instrumental variables (IVs) in the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) database were used for two‐sample MR analysis. The results of inverse variance weighting (IVW) were used as the main method, the MR−Egger method was used for pleiotropy analysis and the leave‐one‐out method was used for sensitivity analysis to verify the reliability of the data. Combined with the human genome database GeneCards database and Metascape enrichment analysis.ResultsPeople with AD had an increased risk of IgA nephropathy (IVW: OR = 1.06, 95% CI [1.0002–1.1248], p = 0.0491). Psoriasis and IgA nephropathy (IVW: OR = 0.97, 95% CI [0.9394–1.0055], p = 0.1002) no statistical significance, therefore cannot prove cause‐and‐effect relationship between.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that atopic dermatitis is associated with an increased risk of IgA nephropathy, but does not provide evidence that psoriasis is causologically associated with IgA nephropathy. Enrichment analysis suggested a causal relationship between inflammatory skin diseases and IgA nephropathy at the genetic level.
Patient satisfaction following treatment with micro‐focused ultrasound with visualization: A retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Bukhari Abrar , Shadid Asem , Al‐Omair Abdullah , Alheggi Ashjan , Almukhadeb Eman Abdulaziz , Albarqawi Salma Y. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere has been increased public interest in noninvasive skin tightening procedures that produce the best possible cosmetic outcomes. Micro‐focused ultrasound with visualization (MFU‐V) is a secure, efficient method of treating skin laxity approved by the FDA. Few studies have assessed patient satisfaction following MFU‐V.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted between January 2022 and 2023. After obtaining the author's permission, a previously examined and published questionnaire was used to contact all participants (n = 98) who had received MFU‐V therapy in a private clinic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2016 and 2020 via phone interview.ResultsAll 98 patients undergoing MFU‐V were female. About two‐thirds indicated they were satisfied or very satisfied with the results. Those receiving treatment around the eye and submentum reported lower satisfaction levels than those receiving therapy in other regions. The number of treatment locations and satisfaction were positively correlated. Patients treated by consultants rather than laser experts reported much higher satisfaction levels. Satisfaction and the amount of time for improvement to occur following treatment were correlated statistically. Pain and tingling were the most frequent adverse effects the respondents reported, followed by skin redness and swelling; however, adverse effects were not connected with satisfaction. Cost (78.6%) was cited as the main deterrent to seeking treatment again.ConclusionMFU‐V, an FDA‐approved procedure, has proven effective and safe for treating facial and neck skin laxity. When patients are carefully selected and physicians properly trained, higher satisfaction is achieved.
Assessing the effect of Lake Erie dredged sediment on soil properties and specialty crops development
Authors: Sequeira Juan Pablo , Vázquez‐Ortega Angélica , Oyewumi Olusola , Signorini Guilherme 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo maintain harbour navigability, significant quantities of sediments are annually dredged and disposed of in the vicinities of Lake Erie. This study aimed to assess the impact of Lake Erie sediment on the productivity of tomatoes, lettuce, and carrots. Using a greenhouse setting, this experiment evaluates different sediment‐farm soil ratios: 100% farm soil (Farm Soil), 100% lake sediment (Sediment), and a blend of 10% dredge sediment and 90% farm soil (Mixture). We evaluated the chemical and physical composition of the treatments and the development of the roots, leaves, and fruit production for each crop. Additionally, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP) were assessed post‐harvest for each crop's roots, leaves, and fruit biomass. The Sediment treatment showed higher pH, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Calcium, and TOC but lower magnesium, phosphate, and potassium compared to Farm Soil. The Sediment and Mixture treatments exhibited higher root and leaf dry weights for lettuce compared to Farm Soil, with the Sediment treatment showing the longest roots. Sediment and Mixture treatments in carrots led to greater root weight and length. Tomatoes submitted to the Sediment treatment excelled in all variables except stem diameter. Lettuce and carrot biomass analysis revealed no statistical differences in TOC and TN among the treatments. Tomato biomass analysis showed no differences among the three treatments. The use of Lake Erie dredged sediment led to increased crop biomass in the greenhouse production of tomatoes, carrots, and lettuce.
Transfusion Camp: The UK experience and its value in improving knowledge of transfusion medicine among postgraduate trainees
Authors: Aggarwal Asha , Kaushik Kunaal , Morton Suzy , Danaee Anicee , Gurung Kamala , Robinson Susan , Kapitany Casey , Charge Sophie , Lin Yulia , Desborough Mike , Murphy Michael F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo report the UK experience of rolling out Transfusion Camp.BackgroundTransfusion Camp is a structured education programme developed in Toronto, with the aim of reducing knowledge gaps in transfusion medicine in postgraduate trainees. It consists of didactic lectures viewed online by the participants, then interactive, locally delivered seminars. Since 2015, it has been rolled out in the United Kingdom, and is now available in four centres. Here, we report the UK experience of Transfusion Camp and outcomes.MethodsTrainees are recruited via the training programme directors in each region. Pre‐ and post‐course assessments are administered using the validated BEST (Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion) test, with possible scores 0–20, and confidence measured on an A‐E Likert scale.ResultsSince 2015, 130 trainees have participated in Transfusion Camp in the United Kingdom. Trainees from all specialties significantly improved their BEST‐test scores after attending the course (mean score 11.6/20 before the course, compared with 14.3/20 after the course), and confidence in managing transfusion‐related issues was also significantly improved.ConclusionWe recommend that all centres consider offering Transfusion Camp to trainees in haematology and other specialties that frequently use blood transfusions, such as anaesthesia/ICU, Internal Medicine and others.
Stability of immunohaematological reagents used for blood typing of recipients in the tube technique
Authors: Hermes Julia , Carloto Mariane Stefanes , Leal Amanda , Martinello Flávia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe storage temperature of immunohaematological reagents generally ranges from 2 to 8°C, and they should be utilised at room temperature. This study aimed to analyse the stability of immunohaematological reagents used in ABO and RhD typing.MethodsThe evaluation encompassed the potency, specificity, and integrity of anti‐A, anti‐B, anti‐D, RhD control sera, and A1 and B red blood cells (RBC) reagents after long (8 h) and short (4 h) daily periods of exposure to room temperature (20–24°C), 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Additionally, the A1 and B RBC reagents were exposed daily for 11 h and 30 min at room temperature, including 30 more minutes at room temperature with simultaneous homogenisation through equipment. For the control, an aliquot of each reagent was constantly stored at refrigeration temperature, while another was exposed to room temperature for 12 h daily. Tests conducted included reaction intensity, titration, and avidity for antisera, reaction intensity, free haemoglobin determination, and electrical conductivity for the RBC reagents.ResultsThe antisera maintained the reaction intensity. The titre and avidity of the antisera satisfied the minimum Brazilian requirements after different exposure periods. A higher free haemoglobin concentration was noted in the RBC reagents subjected to room temperature and simultaneous homogenisation, although this did not affect the potency and specificity. The electrical conductivity average of the RBC reagent remained consistent.ConclusionThe findings indicate that the immunohaematological reagents from a specific manufacturer are stable under the tested temperature, ensuring the quality of the results under these conditions.
Simplified medial canthoplasty: Technique and early postoperative complications in 601 dogs (1180 eyes)
Authors: Allgoewer Ingrid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo present a novel modified medial canthoplasty (MCP) technique, the application in 601 dogs (1180 eyes), and a review of the early postoperative complications related to the technique.IntroductionMacroblepharon and nasal entropion is a common presentation in many brachycephalic dog breeds promoting chronic keratitis. The previously described MCP techniques limit the medial shortening of the eyelids to the location of the lacrimal puncta. A novel technique was developed allowing for a more extensive eyelid shortening nasally.MethodsThe modification of the here described technique includes the longitudinal splitting of the lacrimal canaliculi allowing for an extensive shortening of the lids beyond the lacrimal puncta. Records of 601 dogs which underwent the modified MCP were reviewed regarding breed, indications for surgery, follow‐up, and early postoperative surgical complications. Descriptive statistics were applied.ResultsSix hundred one dogs (1180 eyes) were included in this study. Twenty‐four different breeds underwent the simplified MCP with the Pug (n = 403) being the most represented breed. Indications were macropalpebral fissure, medial entropion, pigmentary keratitis, trichiasis by haired caruncle, strabismus after globe prolapse, and facial nerve paralysis. The overall complication rate was 1.01% (12/1180) and consisted of wound dehiscence 0.59% (7/1180), corneal ulceration caused by suture material 0.25% (3/1180), and wound infection (2/1180). None of the 601 operated dogs developed serious complications related to the surgical technique.ConclusionsThe simplified MCP is a novel technique with a very low complication rate.
Autoequivalences of blow‐ups of minimal surfaces
Authors: Hu Xianyu , Krah Johannes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLet be the blow‐up of in a finite set of very general points. We deduce from the work of Uehara [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 371 (2019), no. 5, 3529–3547] that has only standard autoequivalences, no non‐trivial Fourier–Mukai partners, and admits no spherical objects. If is the blow‐up of in 9 very general points, we provide an alternate and direct proof of the corresponding statement. Further, we show that the same result holds if is a blow‐up of finitely many points in a minimal surface of non‐negative Kodaira dimension which contains no ‐curves. Independently, we characterize spherical objects on blow‐ups of minimal surfaces of positive Kodaira dimension.
Tracking Algorithm Application Integrating Visual and Radar Information in Intelligent Vehicle Target Tracking
Authors: Wang Yu , Shi Jianfei , Zhao Yu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With the continuous development of various automobile technologies, the concept of intelligent automobile automatic driving has been introduced into people's lives, and it has great research value in traffic safety, traffic efficiency, and other aspects. Intelligent vehicles can accurately identify and track the target vehicle, which is one of the important preconditions for safe driving. However, a single tracking algorithm is often used in traditional intelligent vehicles with a low tracking accuracy under adverse circumstances. To solve this problem, a fusion tracking algorithm combining visual tracking and radar tracking algorithm is proposed, and intelligent vehicle target-tracking technology is constructed based on the fusion algorithm. Through the performance comparison test, it was found that the fusion algorithm proposed in the study had the highest accuracy of 93% and the highest F measure of 0.98, both of which were superior to the comparison algorithm. Then, an empirical analysis is made of the target-tracking technology proposed in the study. The results showed that the error range of yaw angle velocity of the target vehicle was −0.48 to 0.36, and the maximum root-mean-square error of lateral and longitudinal distance of the target vehicle detected by the technology was 0.03, which was superior to other tracking technologies. To sum up, the intelligent vehicle target-tracking technology proposed in the research can improve the accuracy of intelligent vehicle target tracking and provide a guarantee for the safe driving of intelligent vehicles.
Process-Induced History Effects on the Mechanical Behavior of Additively Manufactured IN718 Alloys
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Beura Vikrant Kumar , Darling Kris , Solanki Kiran 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The design complexities with advancements in technology limit the operational efficiency and conventional manufacturing ability of Nickel-based superalloy 718 (IN718). Additive manufacturing (AM) can overcome these drawbacks by producing near-net shape components; however, a thorough understanding of mechanical behavior at elevated temperatures and different loading conditions (i.e., tension and compression) is required before its actual use. In this work, process-induced history effects on the mechanical behavior in an additively manufactured IN718 alloy were investigated. In particular, two different heat treatment routes were chosen to tailor the microstructure by having the specific dissolution of precipitated phases. Quasi-static (QS) and creep experiments were performed in both as-build and postprocessed conditions. The build directions and the nature of the phases present were observed to be the governing factors. Results showed that the horizontal orientation had higher yield strength compared to the vertical orientation, irrespective of loading condition. Compression and tensile creep experiments indicated that the creep life was dependent on the orientation of δ/Laves phases. Furthermore, a tension-compression asymmetry was observed in both QS and creep testing. Overall, postprocessing proved to be advantageous in improving mechanical behavior and reducing the anisotropy related to the build direction.
A Cyberphysical Structural Health Monitoring Framework for Threshold-Free Active Signal Detection and Classification on the Edge
Authors: Gullapalli Anirudh , Aburakhis Taha , Featherston Carol , Pullin Rhys , Morini Lorenzo , Kundu Abhishek 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The increased focus on predictive maintenance of safety-critical engineering structures requires an onboard structural health monitoring system, which is reliable and robust to provide accurate predictions of health metrics of structures while also being efficient and streamlined to facilitate autonomous data processing and real-time decision-making capabilities. An onboard structural health monitoring system with the capability to continuously monitor and interrogate a structure, describe its current state, and assess the operational risks of the degraded structure needs to be developed and matured so that it can be deployed in practical, real-time monitoring scenarios. This would constitute a cyberphysical system in structural health monitoring. A cyberphysical system is a mechanism that is controlled by computer-based algorithms integrated with the Internet and working with users. There exists a physical domain that is under examination and its digital counterpart, which is informed by data from the physical as well as simulation models. While there exist multiple surveys on the overarching advantages, limitations, and potential of realizing a cyberphysical system, innovation on structural systems, in-line signal processing, and damage event detection in the context of a cyberphysical system, especially from an experimental point of view is still in its infancy. In this work, we implement a versatile cyberphysical framework—CyberSHM using a sparse network of transducers and an edge computing device. Hosted on the structure of interest, the transducers possess the capability to interrogate the structure continuously, periodically, on-demand or autonomously when triggered by damage or an unplanned acoustic event. In addition, the device also possesses efficient on-edge feature extraction and signal classification capabilities, which serve as crucial starting points for further damage analysis and characterization on the digital layer.