bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conjunctival sac microbiome status and the use of picloxidine dihydrochloride in children with infectious conjunctivitis
Authors: Sakhovskaya N. A. , Frolov M. A. , Simonova A. V. 
Published: August 2024

The surface of the eyeball presents a unique microbiocynosis, which is composed of various bacteria including viruses. Proceeding in the body itself. Infectious conjunctivitis in children is one of the most frequent and widespread processes, which determines the relevance of this problem. Inflammatory diseases can be both independent diseases and a reflection of negative processes of the eye.Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of picloxidine dihydrochloride in the composition 0.05% eye drops in the treatment of infectious conjunctivitis in children according to the results of conjunctival cavity microbiosis study by chromatography-mass spectrometry.Materials and methods. The study included 61 patients (104 eyes) with infectious conjunctivitis aged from 1 to 9 years (5.02 ± 0.25). The state of conjunctival cavity microbiocenosis was studied in all patients before treatment by chromato-mass spectrometry. All patients were prescribed instillations of picloxidine dihydrochloride as a part of eye drops 0.05% into conjunctival cavity with the frequency of 4 times a day.Results. A more severe course of conjunctivitis was recorded in children with less Bifidobacterium spp.Discussion. Dysbiosis of conjunctival sac microbiome reflects the reserve potential of the immunity of the bulbar conjunctiva. Due to emergence of 4 types of pathogenic microflora, cytomegalovirus (20% of patients) and a decrease in all types of normal flora, a significant increase in opportunistic microorganisms (12 types), 2 to 59.5-fold increase on average is recorded, and every 3rd patient is diagnosed with an increased titer of total endotoxin, which indicates the decreased reserve potential of the immunity of the bulbar conjunctiva.Conclusion. Antiseptic with picloxidine dihydrochloride 0.05% in the eye drops Piktorid-SOLOpharm is a broad spectrum drug in the treatment of infectious conjunctivitis in children without significant side effects.
Water as a common good? Academic differences and their impact on the 2023 United Nations Water Conference
Authors: Vinciguerra Tebaldo 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Numerous statements referring to water as a common good accompanied the 2023 United Nations Water Conference. However, people seem to have a different understanding of what is at stake and different intentions when using the same concepts. These discrepancies could be explained by the academic differences between economists, lawyers, and human rights activists which are presented in the first part of the research. Successively, in order to assess the impact of academic peculiarities in such a high-level event, a list of quotes from influential sources related to the conference has been compiled and analyzed. The findings cannot be interpreted as a robust indication about the influence of different disciplines during the Water Conference, since this work relies on a limited number of quotes only. Still, it has been possible to identify patterns among speakers which correspond to academic differences. In conclusion, a more collective engagement in defining terms is needed for the sake of effectiveness in addressing water-related challenges at all levels.
Based on SIRT1/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signal Pathway to Explore the Effect of Yiqi Huatan Huoxue Recipe on Inflammatory Injury in AIT Mice by Pyroptosis
Authors: Zhao Zhuo , Liu Ziyu , Song Nan , Cao Huimin , Chen Yiran , Chen Si , Wang Zhimin , Jin Zhe , Yang Xiao 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common autoimmune thyroid
disease. In recent decades, its incidence and prevalence have sharply increased. Yiqi Huatan Huoxue
recipe is a traditional Chinese medicine formula we use to treat AIT. Its clinical efficacy is
clear, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to explore whether pyroptosis
mediated by the SIRT1/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway is one of the therapeutic mechanisms
of Yiqi Huatan Huoxue recipe.

Methods:
Forty 8-week-old female NOD.H-2h4 mice were randomly divided into four groups:
the normal group (NG), model group (MG), Yiqi Huatan Huoxue recipe group (YG), and western
medicine group (selenium yeast tablet, SeG). The normal group was gavaged with distilled
water, while the remaining groups were gavaged with 0.05% sodium iodide (NaI) solution for 8
weeks. After the AIT animal model formed naturally, the mice were euthanized by gavage after
8 weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe thyroid tissue changes, and enzymelinked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum anti-thyroglobulin antibodies
(TGAb) and mouse anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb). Real-time quantitative PCR
(qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of
sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), nuclear factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65), nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3),
apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-
1, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and interleukin (IL)-1β in thyroid tissue.

Results:
Compared with the NG group, the thyroid structure of rats in the MG group was severely
damaged, with significant lymphocyte infiltration, significantly increased serum TGAb and
TPOAb levels, and significantly increased expression levels of SRIT1, NF-κB p65, NLRP3,
ASC, Caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β mRNA, and protein. Compared with the MG group, the thyroid
structure damage and lymphocyte infiltration in rats of each treatment group were improved,
and the serum TGAb, TPOAb, SRIT1, NF-κB p65, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, GSDMD,
IL-1β mRNA, and protein expression levels were significantly reduced.

Conclusion:
Yiqi Huatan Huoxue recipe can alleviate thyroid structural damage in AIT mice,
and its mechanism may be related to the upregulation of SIRT1, NF-κB deacetylation, and inhibition
of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.
Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Knee Osteoarthritis By Rebalancing T Cell Homeostasis as Revealed By Immune Repertoire (IR) Sequencing
Authors: Jia Wenrui , Zhang Yunan , Wang Tianqi , Liu Cunzhi , Tu Jianfeng , Shi Guangxia , Cai LingYi , Yang Jingwen , Huang Guangrui 
Published: August 2024

Background:
In this study, we used immune repertoire (IR) sequencing technology to
profile the diversity of peripheral blood T cell receptors and used transcriptomics to profile the
gene expression of peripheral blood neutrophil mRNA in patients with mild-moderate knee osteoarthritis
(KOA) before and after electroacupuncture (EA) treatment.

Methods:
An 8-week intervention with EA was performed on 3 subjects with KOA. IR sequencing
of complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) was performed using RNA extracted from
peripheral blood T cells of KOA subjects prior to and at the end of the intervention, as well as
healthy volunteers (controls) who matched the subjects in sex and age. Neutrophils were extracted
from the plasma of healthy individuals, pretreatment patients, and posttreatment patients for
further transcriptome sequencing.

Results:
The D50, diversity index (DI), and Shannon entropy values of circulatory T-cells were
significantly lower in pretreatment KOA patients compared to healthy controls. Posttreatment
KOA samples displayed significant decreases in serum proinflammatory factors, IL-8 and IL-18
(P < 0.01), as well as a substantial reduction in serum matrix MMP-3 and MMP-13 (P < 0.01, P
< 0.05). Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of CXCL2, IRF8, and PEAR1 (P <
0.05) was significantly higher in patients before the treatment than in the healthy population and
was significantly down-regulated after the treatment. In contrast, the expression of SMPD3 (P <
0.05) showed the opposite trend.

Conclusion:
EA may alleviate KOA by rebalancing T-cell homeostasis and improving systemic
inflammation. At the same time, EA treatment can significantly enhance TCR diversity, reduce
levels of proinflammatory factors, and increase levels of anti-inflammatory factors, thereby
achieving therapeutic effects.
Therapeutic Effects of Arctiin on Alzheimer's Disease-like Model in Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress, Inflammasomes and Fibrosis
Authors: Almeaqli Mohamed T. , Alaidaa Yazeed , Alnajjar Faisal M. , Al Shararh Abdullah S. , Alharbi Danah S. , Almslmani Yazeed I. , Alotibi Yousef A. , Alrashidi Hani S. , Alshehri Wael A. , Hassan Hanan M. , Al-Gayyar Mohammed M.H. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects approximately 50 million people globally
and is expected to triple by 2050. Arctiin is a lignan found in the Arctium lappa L. plant. Arctiin
possesses anti-proliferative, antioxidative and anti-adipogenic.

Objectives:
We aimed to explore the potential therapeutic effects of Arctiin on rats with AD by
evaluating the expression of TLR4, NLRP3, STAT3, TGF-β, cyclin D1, and CDK2.

Methods:
AD was induced in rats by administering 70 mg/kg of aluminum chloride through intraperitoneal
injection daily for six weeks. After inducing AD, some rats were treated with 25
mg/kg of Arctiin daily for three weeks through oral gavage. Furthermore, to examine the brain tissue
structure, hippocampal sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and anti-TLR4 antibodies.
The collected samples were analyzed for gene expression and protein levels of TLR4, NLRP3,
STAT3, TGF-β, cyclin D1, and CDK2.

Results:
In behavioral tests, rats showed a significant improvement in their behavior when treated
with Arctiin. Microimages stained with hematoxylin/eosin showed that Arctiin helped to improve
the structure and cohesion of the hippocampus, which was previously impaired by AD. Furthermore,
Arctiin reduced the expression of TLR4, NLRP3, STAT3, TGF-β, cyclin D1, and CDK2.

Conclusion:
Arctiin can enhance rats’ behavior and structure of the hippocampus in AD rats. This
is achieved through its ability to reduce the expression of both TLR4 and NLRP3, hence inhibiting
the inflammasome pathway. Furthermore, Arctiin can improve tissue fibrosis by regulating
STAT3 and TGF-β. Lastly, it can block the cell cycle proteins cyclin D1 and CDK2.
Enhancement of Anticancer Potential of Artemisinin Derivatives through N-glycosylation
Authors: Sharma Kiran 
Published: August 2024

:
Cancer cells have significantly higher intracellular free-metal ions levels than normal
cells, and it is well known that artemisinin (ART) molecules or its derivatives sensitize cancer
cells when its endoperoxide moiety combines with metal ions, resulting in the production of reactive
oxygen species, lysosomal degradation of ferritin, or regulation of system Gpx4 leading to
apoptosis, ferroptosis or cuproptosis. Artemisinin derivatives (ADs) are reported to interfere more
efficiently with metal-regulatory-proteins (MRPs) controlling iron/copper homeostasis by interacting
with cytoplasmic unbound metal ions and thereby promoting the association of MRP to mRNA
molecules carrying the respective sequences. However, the simple artemisinin analogues are
required to be administered in higher doses with repeated administration due to low solubility and
smaller plasma half-lives. To overcome these problems, amino ARTs were introduced which are
found to be more stable, and later on, a series of ARTs derivatives containing sugar moiety was developed
in search of analogues having good water solubility and high pharmacological activity.
This review focuses on the preparation of N-glycosylated amino-ART analogues with their application
against cancer. The intrinsic capability of glycosylated ART compounds is to give sugar--
containing substrates, which can bind with lectin galectin-8 receptors on the cancer cells making
these compounds more specific in targeting cancer. Various AD mechanism of action against cancer
is also explored with clinical trials to facilitate the synthesis of newer derivatives. In the future,
the latest nano-techniques can be used to create formulations of such compounds to make
them more target-specific in cancer.
Synthesis of Polyaniline/BiPr Composite Oxide Nanowires with Enhanced Electrochemical Sensing Performance
Authors: Feng Chenxu , Ban Zhangjie , Huang Jianfeng , Zhang Yong , Cai Zhengyu , Pei Lizhai 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Considerable interest has been devoted to electrochemical sensors for the
detection of L-cysteine using BiPr-based oxide-modified electrodes due to high specific surface area
and good electro-catalytic activity with several oxidation states. The combination of the BiPr composite
oxide nanowires with polyaniline (PAn) can promote the electro-catalytic performance towards Lcysteine
because PAn can facilitate the electro-catalytic process by enhancing the charge transfer.

Methods:
PAn/BiPr composite oxide nanowires were obtained via low temperature one-step hydrothermal
route. The obtained composite oxide nanowires were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, electron
microscopy, and electrochemical methods.

Results:
Characterization results indicate that amorphous PAn nanoparticles with a size of about 50
nm are homogeneously dispersed at the surface of the BiPr composite oxide nanowires. PAn/BiPr
composite oxide nanowire-modified electrode shows an enhanced L-cysteine electro-catalytic activity.
PAn promotes electro-catalytic activity of the BiPr composite oxide nanowires. A pair of
quasi-reversible cyclic voltammetry (CV) peaks exist at +0.49 V, -0.19 V, respectively. PAn/BiPr
composite oxide nanowire modified electrode possesses a linear response in L-cysteine concentration
of 0.001-2 mM and detection limit of 0.095 μM, good repeatability, and stability.

Conclusion:
PAn/BiPr composite oxide nanowires act as effective electro-catalysts for L-cysteine
oxidation resulting in the enhancement of the electro-catalytic activity relative to BiPr composite
oxide nanowires.
Boosting VANET Potential with Optimal RSU Deployment Using Virus
Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Sharma Ayushi , Pandey Kavita 
Published: August 2024

Background:
A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a combination of wireless and
mobile networks that comprises connected vehicles, and immobile nodes placed on the roads called
roadside units (RSUs). RSUs help vehicles find information, improve communication amongst vehicles,
and provide help with signal acknowledgement and violation, traffic safety and driving
awareness.

Objective:
The main obstacle for VANET though is the deployment of RSUs. In order to lower the
cost of the VANET and increase coverage, the goal is to deploy the fewest possible RSUs.

Method:
A virus optimization algorithm (VOA) has been implemented on the VANET architecture
to help achieve this goal.

Results:
The major accomplishment of this article is the optimal deployment of RSUs in VANET
and through the simulation it was found that with the application of VOA, the number of RSUs deployed
could be reduced by 58.3%. In addition, this work focuses on enhancing the VANET performance
on various metrics such as throughput, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, end
delay and packet loss ratio. The performance of VOA is also compared with some latest predominant
algorithms used for optimization such as Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization
(PSO).

Conclusion::
According to the findings, VOA outperforms PSO and GA in terms of enhanced
VANET performance and the most effective RSU deployment.
Determinants of Citizens’ Intention to Participate in Self-Led Contact Tracing: Cross-Sectional Online Questionnaire Study
Authors: Helms Yannick Bernd , van der Meer Akke , Crutzen Rik , Ferreira José António , Kretzschmar Mirjam E E , Timen Aura , Hamdiui Nora , Stein Mart L 
Published: August 2024

Background
Contact tracing (CT) is a key intervention to contain outbreaks of communicable diseases. During large-scale outbreaks, public health services may lack the resources required to perform CT effectively. One way of mitigating this issue is to shift some of the tasks in CT normally performed by public health services to cases and their contacts, supported by digital tools. We refer to this as “self-led CT.” However, while the effectiveness of the self-led CT inherently depends on the willingness and skills of citizens to participate, the determinants of citizens’ intention to participate in self-led CT are not yet fully understood.

Objective
We aimed to identify determinants of Dutch citizens’ intention to participate in self-led CT and assess their potential for behavioral change, so as to identify “behavior change targets,” which may be used in the development and implementation of self-led CT to increase citizens’ intention to participate.

Methods
In March 2022, we performed an online cross-sectional questionnaire study. The questionnaire was developed based on findings from a previous exploratory semistructured interview study and distributed among a Dutch consumer panel. Using all questionnaire items as potential predictors, we performed a random forest analysis to identify determinants of citizens’ intention to participate in self-led CT. We then performed an Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis to identify groups of related determinants that may be considered overarching behavior change targets. Finally, we used Confidence Interval-Based Estimation of Relevance and calculated the Potential for Change Indices to compare the potential for behavioral change of the selected individual determinants and determinant clusters.

Results
The questionnaire was completed by 3019 respondents. Our sample is representative of the Dutch population in terms of age, gender, educational level, and area of residence. Out of 3019 respondents, 2295 (76%) had a positive intention to participate in self-led CT. We identified 20 determinants of citizens’ intention that we grouped into 9 clusters. In general, increasing citizens’ trust in the digital tools developed for self-led CT has the highest potential to increase citizens’ intention, followed by increasing the belief that using digital tools makes participating in self-led CT easier, reducing privacy-related concerns, and increasing citizens’ willingness—and sense of responsibility—to cooperate in CT in general.

Conclusions
Overall, Dutch citizens are positive toward participating in self-led CT. Our results provide directions for the development and implementation of self-led CT, which may be particularly useful in preparing for future, large-scale outbreaks.
Risk Perception and Knowledge Following a Social Game–Based Tobacco Prevention Program for Adolescents: Pilot Randomized Comparative Trial
Authors: Khalil Georges , Ramirez Erica , Khan Meerah , Zhao Bairu , Ribeiro Nuno , Balian Patrick 
Published: August 2024

Background
Adolescence is a critical developmental stage that is particularly vulnerable to the initiation of tobacco use. Despite the well-documented health risks associated with tobacco use, it remains prevalent among adolescents. Games for health are a promising strategy for tobacco prevention, using experiential and social learning theories to enhance engagement and improve behavior change.

Objective
This pilot study aims to (1) compare the social game–based program Storm-Heroes to a nonsocial program regarding adolescents’ personal and social experiences and (2) examine how these experiences predict higher tobacco knowledge and perceived risks of vaping and conventional tobacco use.

Methods
In a cluster-randomized comparative design, 4 after-school sites (N=79 adolescents) were recruited in person and randomized in a single-blinded format to 1 of 2 interventions: the social game Storm-Heroes (44/79, 56%) or the nonsocial program A Smoking Prevention Interactive Experience (ASPIRE; 35/79, 44%). A study team member supervised both interventions. Data were collected at baseline, immediate follow-up, and a 1.5-month follow-up (45/74, 61% retained). Repeated measures mixed effects models were conducted.

Results
A total of 45 participants continued until the 1.5-month follow-up. Participants in the Strom-Heroes group were more likely to increase their perceived risk of vaping (B=0.40; P<.001), perceived risk of conventional tobacco use (B=0.35; P=.046), and tobacco knowledge (B=1.63; P<.001) than those in the control condition. The usability level of the program was related to a higher perceived risk of vaping (B=0.16; P=.003) and conventional tobacco use (B=0.16; P=.02) by follow-up. Attention to the program was also related to higher perceived risk of vaping (B=0.12; P=.002) and conventional tobacco use (B=0.14; P<.001). Distraction was not related to either perceived risk of vaping (P=.15) or perceived risk of conventional tobacco use (P=.71). In contrast, both more attention (B=0.60; P<.001) and less distraction (B=–0.37; P<.001) were related to higher tobacco knowledge.

Conclusions
The increased perceived risk of vaping and conventional tobacco among Storm-Heroes participants aligns with the program’s goals of improving participants’ awareness of the risks associated with tobacco use and their tobacco knowledge. However, distraction weakened the effect of the program on tobacco knowledge, indicating that emphasis needs to be placed on minimizing distraction for better outcomes. With the results of this study, researchers can work to advance the current version of Storm-Heroes and amplify engagement in the program to improve its potential for preventing adolescents’ initiation of tobacco use.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02703597; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02703597
Electronic Medical Records in Primary Health Care Facilities
Authors: Nurrahma Alya Nabila , Larasati TA , Kurniati Intanri , Pramesona Bayu Anggileo 
Published: August 2024

Background: Medical records are an important element in the process of health care in health facilities. Several primary health facilities have used electronic-based medical records to improve service quality. Electronic medical records are patient medical records in electronic form that include health information of an individual that can be accessed using a computer from a network to provide effective, efficient, and integrated health services. The purpose of the study was to determine the development of the use of electronic medical records in primary healthcare facilities in Indonesia with a systematic review before the mandatory use of electronic medical records in Indonesia. Methods: This research is a systematic literature review of the use of electronic medical records in primary health facilities. Researchers searched the literature on google scholar with the keyword electronic medical records and obtained a total of 60 articles, 4 of which were inaccessible, 40 articles were not conducted in primary health facilities, and 3 articles do not contain the aspect we look for so only 13 articles were used in literature studies. Results: The implementation of medical records is carried out by all health workers who provide services from registration, triage, clinical examination, treatment, and drug prescribing. Medical record data is distributed automatically by computer. Health workers have different electronic medical record display menus according to their duties. Conclusions: The implementation of electronic medical records in primary health facilities can be carried out by medical recorders and non-medical health workers who are trained and has a different electronic medical record display menu in each service flow.