bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Computed Tomographic and Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Measurements in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lin Longting , Bivard Andrew , Levi Christopher R. , Parsons Mark W. 
Published: May 2014

Background and Purpose—
Magnetic resonance perfusion (MRP) and computed tomographic perfusion (CTP) are being increasingly applied in acute stroke trials and clinical practice, yet the comparability of their perfusion values is not well validated. The aim of this study was to validate the comparability of CTP and MRP measures.

Methods—
A 3-step approach was used. Step 1 was a derivation step, where we analyzed 45 patients with acute ischemic stroke who had both CTP and MRP performed within 2 hours of each other and within 9 hours of stroke onset. In this step, we derived the optimal perfusion map with the least difference between MRP and CTP. In step 2, the optimal map was validated on whole-brain perfusion data of 15 patients. Step 3 was to apply the optimal perfusion map to define cross-modality reperfusion from acute CTP to 24-hour MRP in 45 patients and, in turn, to assess how accurately this predicted 3-month clinical outcome.

Results—

Among 8 different perfusion maps included in this study, time to peak of the residual function (
T
max
) was the only one with a nonsignificant difference between CTP and MRP in delineating perfusion defects. This was validated on whole-brain perfusion data, showing high concordance of
T
max
between the 2 modalities (concordance correlation coefficient of Lin, >0.91); the best concordance was at 6 s. At
T
max
>6 s threshold, MRP and CTP reached substantial agreement in mismatch classification (κ >0.61). Cross-modality reperfusion calculated by
T
max
>6 s strongly predicted good functional outcome at 3 months (area under the curve, 0.979;
P
<0.05).

Conclusions—

MRP and CTP can be used interchangeably if one uses
T
max
measurement.
Parametric Estimation of the Stochastic Dynamics of Sea Surface Winds
Authors: Thompson William F. , Monahan Adam H. , Crommelin Daan 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In this study, the parameters of a stochastic–dynamical model of sea surface winds are estimated from long time series of sea surface wind observational data. The model was introduced by A. H. Monahan, who developed an idealized model from a highly simplified representation of the momentum budget of a surface atmospheric layer of fixed depth. Such estimation of model parameters is challenging, in particular for a multivariate model with nonlinear terms as is considered here. The authors use a method developed recently by Crommelin and Vanden-Eijnden, which approaches the estimation problem variationally, finding the spectrally “best fit” stochastic differential equation to a time series of observations.
While the estimation procedure assumes forcing that is white in time, observed time series are generally better approximated as forced by red noise. Using a red-noise-forced linear system, the authors first show that the estimation procedure can still be used to estimate model parameters. Because the assumption of white noise is violated, these estimates lead to model autocorrelation functions that differ from the observed time series. Application of the estimation procedure to the wind data is further complicated by the fact that the boundary layer model is inconsistent with certain observed features of the wind. When these mismatches between the model and observations are accounted for, the estimation procedure generally results in parameter estimates consistent with the climatological features of the associated meteorological fields. Important exceptions to this result are the layer thickness and layer-top eddy diffusivity, which are poorly estimated where the vector winds are close to Gaussian.
Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flowmetry for Selection of Patients for Radiofrequency Ablation of Turbinates
Authors: Koleli Hakan , Paltura Ceki , Sahin-Yilmaz Aslı , Topak Murat , Develioglu Omer Necati , Kulekçi Mehmet 
Published: May 2014

Objectives: Our goals were to investigate (1) the effectiveness of the topical vasoconstrictor test (TVT) and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) measurement for the selection of patients with inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) who will benefit from radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the turbinates and (2) the efficacy of the TVT and PNIF in follow-up of treatment outcomes. Methods: Patients with bilateral chronic nasal obstruction due to ITH underwent assessment with a visual analog scale (VAS) and PNIF before and after the TVT. Twenty patients with symptom improvement according to VAS and PNIF results were enrolled in the study. These patients underwent RFA, and PNIF and VAS scores were determined before and 1 and 6 months after the TVT. These results were compared to evaluate the preoperative prediction of RFA treatment success. Results: Radiofrequency ablation of the turbinates resulted in significant changes in objective and subjective scores. Preoperative (baseline) subjective and objective responses to decongestant were positively correlated ( P = .024 and P < .05, respectively). Preoperative (baseline) objective responses to decongestant were significantly correlated with the objective outcomes of surgery ( P = .006 and P < .05, respectively). Conclusion: The combined use of PNIF and the TVT allows for the preoperative prediction of the success of RFA and the selection of patients who will benefit most from RFA.
Hemodynamic performance of Trifecta: Single-center experience of 400 patients
Authors: Modi Amit , Budra Mindaugas , Miskolczi Szabolcs , Velissaris Theodore , Kaarne Markku , Barlow Clifford W , Livesey Steven A , Ohri Sunil K , Tsang Geoffrey M 
Published: May 2014

Objective To evaluate postoperative hemodynamic gradients and early outcomes of aortic valve replacement with the Trifecta bioprosthesis. Methods Between 2011 and 2013, 400 patients underwent aortic valve replacement with a Trifecta bioprosthesis. Gradients were calculated by transthoracic echocardiography before discharge. Data were collected retrospectively; patients with postoperative severe left ventricular dysfunction or > mild mitral regurgitation were excluded. Results The mean age was 75.9 ± 8.5 years, 197 (49.25%) patients were male, and 140 (35%) were >80-years old. Concomitant procedures were performed in 207 (51.75%) patients, and 30 (7.5%) had redo procedures. Supraannular aortoplasty with bovine pericardium was necessary in 25 (6.25%) cases. Hospital mortality was 2.75% (11 patients). Postoperative peak and mean gradients were 21.7 ± 9.3 and 11.1 ± 4.3 mm Hg for 19-mm valves ( n = 29); 19.5 ± 7 and 9.7 ± 3.6 mm Hg for 21-mm valves ( n = 158); 17.3 ± 6.6 and 8.7 ± 3.2 mm Hg for 23-mm valves ( n = 134); 15.1 ± 6.1 and 7.8 ± 3.3 mm Hg for 25-mm valves ( n = 56); 13.2 ± 3.7 and 6.9 ± 2.6 mm Hg for 27-mm valves ( n = 11). Nine patients had trivial and one had mild transvalvular regurgitation. Mean follow-up was 1 ± 0.62 years; no patient required reoperation. Kaplan-Meier survival at 1 and 2 years was 94.3% ± 1.3% and 93.7% ± 1.4%. Conclusion Early postoperative gradients are low after Trifecta implantation. Significant transvalvular regurgitation was not observed, but the incidence of supraannular aortoplasty may be increased.
B-type natriuretic peptide as prognostic marker in tetralogy of Fallot surgery
Authors: Kapoor Poonam Malhotra , Subramanian Arun , Malik Vishwas , Kiran Usha , Velayoudham Devagourou 
Published: May 2014

Background B-type natriuretic peptide has been extensively studied in patients with cardiovascular disease, but its impact on the perioperative outcome of patients with cyanotic congenital heart defects is still unclear. We assessed the perioperative changes in B-type natriuretic peptide levels and their correlation with preoperative factors and clinical outcomes in a large homogenous group of patients with tetralogy of Fallot undergoing definitive repair at a tertiary care center. Methods A prospective study was undertaken in the cardiac operating room and intensive care unit at a single institution; 250 patients with tetralogy of Fallot undergoing intracardiac repair under cardiopulmonary bypass were studied. B-type natriuretic peptide levels were taken at 3 time points and correlated with clinical variables. Results Baseline B-type natriuretic peptide levels correlated with the degree of cyanosis in all 4 groups. B-type natriuretic peptide levels at 24 h after admission to the intensive care unit correlated with mortality in the adult subset of patients. B-type natriuretic peptide levels > 290 pg mL−1 in the intensive care unit predicted an increased probability of adverse clinical outcomes. Conclusions We demonstrated a rise in serum B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients with tetralogy of Fallot undergoing definitive repair on cardiopulmonary bypass. B-type natriuretic peptide levels may be monitored to identify patients with cyanosis at increased risk of an augmented inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass.
A cost-reducing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) program model: a single institution experience
Authors: Cavarocchi NC , Wallace S , Hong EY , Tropea A , Byrne J , Pitcher HT , Hirose H 
Published: May 2014

Background: The worldwide demand for ECMO support has grown. Its provision remains limited due to several factors (high cost, complicated technology, lack of expertise) that increase healthcare cost. Our goal was to assess if an intensive care unit (ICU)-run ECMO model without continuous bedside perfusionists would decrease costs while maintaining patient safety and outcomes. Method: A new ECMO program was implemented in 2010, consisting of dedicated ICU multidisciplinary providers (ICU-registered nurses, mid-level providers and intensivists). In year one, we introduced an education platform, new technology and dedicated space. In year two, continuous bedside monitoring by perfusionists was removed and new management algorithms designating multidisciplinary providers as first responders were established. The patient safety and cost benefit from the removal of the continuous bedside monitoring of the perfusionists of this new ECMO program was retrospectively reviewed and compared. Results: During the study period, 74 patients (28 patients in year 1 and 46 patients in year 2) were placed on ECMO (mean days: 8 ± 5.7). The total annual hospital expenditure for the ECMO program was significantly reduced in the new model ($234,000 in year 2 vs. $600,264 in year 1), showing a 61% decrease in cost. This cost decrease was attributed to a decreased utilization of perfusion services and the introduction of longer lasting and more efficient ECMO technology. We did not find any significant changes in registered nurse ratios or any differences in outcomes related to ICU safety events. Conclusion: We demonstrated that the ICU-run ECMO model managed to lower hospital cost by reducing the cost of continuous bedside perfusion support without a change in outcomes.
Prognostic significance of red cell distribution width in acute mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Bilgiç İ , Dolu F , Şenol K , Tez M 
Published: May 2014

Objective: Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is an infrequent, but complicated, life-threatening condition. Given this poor outcome, an estimation of mortality would aid in decision making for physicians, patients and their families. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is reflective of systemic inflammation. RDW is a remarkable prognostic marker for determining the risk of mortality in a wide range of clinical manifestations. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between RDW and mortality in patients with AMI. Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent laparotomy with a preoperative diagnosis of AMI were reviewed retrospectively. Primary outcome variable was the hospital mortality rate. Results: Estimating the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve showed that RDW has good discriminative power for mortality (area under the curve = 0.713; 95% confidence interval, 0.584–0.841). With a cut-off value of 14.85 for RDW, mortality could be correctly predicted in approximately 70% of cases. Conclusions: Increased RDW at admission was a predictor of the extent of necrosis and mortality in AMI patients. Further prospective studies are necessary to more accurately assess the importance of RDW in these patients.
Effect of Compliance With a Nurse-Led Intensive Care Unit Checklist on Clinical Outcomes in Mechanically and Nonmechanically Ventilated Patients
Authors: Al Ashry Haitham S. , Abuzaid Ahmed S. , Walters Ryan W. , Modrykamien Ariel M. 
Published: May 2014

Background: Use of checklists brings about improvements in a variety of patient outcomes. Nevertheless, whether compliance with a nurse-led intensive care unit (ICU) checklist produces the same effect is currently unknown. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of data obtained during the implementation of a quality improvement project consisting of the utilization of a nurse-led ICU checklist. A consecutive series of checklists obtained from patients admitted in our ICU during 7 consecutive months were included. The ICU stay, hospital stay, and ventilator stay were compared between patients whose practitioners completed or did not complete the checklist. Variables were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U tests for continuous variables and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables. A 2-tailed P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One thousand checklists, corresponding to 346 eligible patients, were collected over 7 months. Mechanical ventilation was used in 203 (59%) patients. Completed checklists were observed for 37.6% (n = 130) of all patients and 38.9% ( n = 79) of mechanically ventilated patients. After adjusting for age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), body mass index, reason for admission, and type of ICU, completion of the checklist was associated with a 20% increase in the number of days in the ICU compared with the group with incomplete lists. In mechanically ventilated patients, completion of the checklist was associated with a 31% increase in hospital length of stay, a 34% increase in the number of ICU days, and a 32% increase in mechanical ventilation days. Conclusion: Compliance with completion of a nurse-led ICU checklist was associated with prolonged ICU stay, hospital stay, and ventilator stay.
Predictors of Insulin Initiation in Metformin and Sulfonylurea Users in Primary Care Practices
Authors: Kostev Karel , Dippel Franz-Werner , Rathmann Wolfgang 
Published: May 2014

Aims: The aims were to investigate predictors of insulin initiation in new users of metformin or sulfonylureas in primary care practices, in particular, its association with decreased renal function. Methods: Data from 9103 new metformin and 1120 sulfonylurea users with normal baseline glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >90 ml/min/1.73 m2 from 1072 practices were retrospectively analyzed (Disease Analyzer Germany: 01/2003-06/2012). Cox regression models and propensity score matching was used to adjust for confounders (age, sex, practice characteristics, comorbidity). Results: Insulin treatment was started in 394 (4.3%) metformin and in 162 (14.5%) sulfonylurea users within 6 years ( P < .001). Kaplan-Meier curves (propensity score matched patients) showed that the metformin group was at a lower risk of insulin initiation compared to sulfonylurea users throughout the study period. A substantial eGFR decline (category: 15-<30 ml/min/1.73 m2) was significantly associated with a higher likelihood to have insulin initiated (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.09-5.23) in metformin but not in sulfonylurea (HR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.16-1.30) users. Conclusions: New users of sulfonylurea monotherapy in primary care practices in Germany were about 3-fold more likely to start insulin therapy than those with metformin. Kidney function decline was associated with earlier insulin initiation in metformin but not in sulfonylurea users.
Suppression of inhibitor formation against FVIII in a murine model of hemophilia A by oral delivery of antigens bioencapsulated in plant cells
Authors: Sherman Alexandra , Su Jin , Lin Shina , Wang Xiaomei , Herzog Roland W. , Daniell Henry 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
Factor VIII antigens can be expressed in chloroplasts and bioencapsulated in plant cells. Oral delivery of plant cells expressing FVIII domains suppresses and reverses inhibitor formation in mice with hemophilia A by induction of CD4+ regulatory T cells.
Integrated genomic sequencing reveals mutational landscape of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Kiel Mark J. , Velusamy Thirunavukkarasu , Rolland Delphine , Sahasrabuddhe Anagh A. , Chung Fuzon , Bailey Nathanael G. , Schrader Alexandra , Li Bo , Li Jun Z. , Ozel Ayse B. , Betz Bryan L. , Miranda Roberto N. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Zhao Lili , Herling Marco , Lim Megan S. , Elenitoba-Johnson Kojo S. J. 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
We identify gain-of-function mutations involving IL2RG, JAK1/3, and STAT5B as well as deleterious mutations affecting EZH2, FBXW10, and CHEK2 in T-PLL. Pharmacologic targeting of primary T-PLL cells with the STAT5 inhibitor pimozide leads to apoptosis.
Some results on zero points of m-accretive operators in reflexive Banach spaces
Authors: Wu Chang Qun , Lv Songtao , Zhang Yunpeng 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
A modified proximal point algorithm is proposed for treating common zero points of a finite family of m-accretive operators. A strong convergence theorem is established in a reflexive, strictly convex Banach space with the uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm.
Cardan angle rotation sequence effects on first‐metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics: implications for measuring hallux valgus deformity
Authors: Glasoe Ward M , Pena Fernando A , Phadke Vandana 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundThere currently are no recommended standards for reporting kinematics of the first‐metatarsophalangeal joint. This study compared 2 different rotation sequences of Cardan angles, with implications for understanding the measurement of hallux valgus deformity.MethodsThirty‐one women (19 hallux valgus; 12 controls) participated. All were scanned in an open‐upright magnetic resonance scanner, their foot posed to simulate the gait conditions of midstance, heel‐off, and terminal stance. Using computer processes, selected tarsals were reconstructed into virtual bone models and embedded with principal‐axes coordinate systems, from which the rotation matrix between the hallux and first metatarsal was decomposed into Cardan angles. Joint angles were then compared using a within factors (rotation sequence and gait condition) repeated‐measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsOnly the transverse plane‐first sequence consistently output incremental increases of dorsiflexion and abduction across gait events in both groups. There was an interaction (F ≥ 25.1; p < 0.001). Follow‐up comparisons revealed angles were different (p < 0.05) at terminal stance.ConclusionsDifferent rotation sequences yield different results. Extracting the first rotation in the transverse plane allows for the resting alignment of the hallux to deviate from the sagittal plane. Therefore, representing first‐metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics with the transverse plane‐first rotation sequence may be preferred, especially in cases of hallux valgus deformity.
QSAR DataBank - an approach for the digital organization and archiving of QSAR model information
Authors: Ruusmann Villu , Sild Sulev , Maran Uko 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background
Research efforts in the field of descriptive and predictive Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships or Quantitative Structure–Property Relationships produce around one thousand scientific publications annually. All the materials and results are mainly communicated using printed media. The printed media in its present form have obvious limitations when they come to effectively representing mathematical models, including complex and non-linear, and large bodies of associated numerical chemical data. It is not supportive of secondary information extraction or reuse efforts while in silico studies poses additional requirements for accessibility, transparency and reproducibility of the research. This gap can and should be bridged by introducing domain-specific digital data exchange standards and tools. The current publication presents a formal specification of the quantitative structure-activity relationship data organization and archival format called the QSAR DataBank (QsarDB for shorter, or QDB for shortest).

Results
The article describes QsarDB data schema, which formalizes QSAR concepts (objects and relationships between them) and QsarDB data format, which formalizes their presentation for computer systems. The utility and benefits of QsarDB have been thoroughly tested by solving everyday QSAR and predictive modeling problems, with examples in the field of predictive toxicology, and can be applied for a wide variety of other endpoints. The work is accompanied with open source reference implementation and tools.

Conclusions
The proposed open data, open source, and open standards design is open to public and proprietary extensions on many levels. Selected use cases exemplify the benefits of the proposed QsarDB data format. General ideas for future development are discussed.
Joint assembly and genetic mapping of the Atlantic horseshoe crab genome reveals ancient whole genome duplication
Authors: Nossa Carlos W , Havlak Paul , Yue Jia-Xing , Lv Jie , Vincent Kimberly Y , Brockmann H Jane , Putnam Nicholas H 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Background
Horseshoe crabs are marine arthropods with a fossil record extending back approximately 450 million years. They exhibit remarkable morphological stability over their long evolutionary history, retaining a number of ancestral arthropod traits, and are often cited as examples of “living fossils.” As arthropods, they belong to the Ecdysozoa, an ancient super-phylum whose sequenced genomes (including insects and nematodes) have thus far shown more divergence from the ancestral pattern of eumetazoan genome organization than cnidarians, deuterostomes and lophotrochozoans. However, much of ecdysozoan diversity remains unrepresented in comparative genomic analyses.

Results
Here we apply a new strategy of combined de novo assembly and genetic mapping to examine the chromosome-scale genome organization of the Atlantic horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. We constructed a genetic linkage map of this 2.7 Gbp genome by sequencing the nuclear DNA of 34 wild-collected, full-sibling embryos and their parents at a mean redundancy of 1.1x per sample. The map includes 84,307 sequence markers grouped into 1,876 distinct genetic intervals and 5,775 candidate conserved protein coding genes.

Conclusions
Comparison with other metazoan genomes shows that the L. polyphemus genome preserves ancestral bilaterian linkage groups, and that a common ancestor of modern horseshoe crabs underwent one or more ancient whole genome duplications 300 million years ago, followed by extensive chromosome fusion. These results provide a counter-example to the often noted correlation between whole genome duplication and evolutionary radiations. The new, low-cost genetic mapping method for obtaining a chromosome-scale view of non-model organism genomes that we demonstrate here does not require laboratory culture, and is potentially applicable to a broad range of other species.