bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
V‐Doping Strategy Induces the Construction of the CoFe‐LDHs/NF Electrodes with Higher Conductivity to Achieve Higher Energy Density for Advanced Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Qiang Xinrui , Jia Bingzhe , Wu Xinming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDoping of metal ions shows promising potential in optimizing and modulating the electrical conductivity of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). However, there is still much room for improvement in common metal ions and conventional doping methods. In contrast to previous methodologies, a hollow triangular nanoflower structure of CoFeV‐LDHs is devised, which is enriched with a greater number of oxygen vacancies. This resulted in a significant enhancement in the conductivity of the LDHs, leading to an increase in energy density following the appropriate doping of V. To investigate the impact of V‐doping on the energy density of the LDHs, in situ XPS and in situ X‐ray spectroscopy is employed. Regarding electrochemical performance, the CoFeV‐LDHs/NF electrode with optimal doping ratio exhibited a specific capacitance of 881 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. The capacitance remained at 90.53% after 3000 cycles. In addition, the constructed battery‐type supercapacitor CoFeV‐LDHs/NF‐2//AC exhibited an impressive energy density of 124.7 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 850 W kg−1 and capacitance remained almost unchanged at 95.2% after 3000 cycles. All the above demonstrates the great potential of V‐doped LDHs and brings a new way for the subsequent research of LDHs.
A Crystalline‐Water Electrolyte Enabled High Depth‐of‐Discharge Anodes in Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Yao Rui , Zhao Yunxiang , Wang Lumeng , Kang Feiyu , Ho Johnny C. , Zhi Chunyi , Yang Cheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc metal batteries are regarded as a promising energy storage solution for a green and sustainable society in the future. However, the practical application of metallic zinc anode is plagued by the thermodynamic instability issue of water molecules in conventional electrolytes, which leads to severe dendrite growth and side reactions. In this work, an ultra‐thin and high areal capacity metallic zinc anode is achieved by utilizing crystalline water with a stable stoichiometric ratio. Unlike conventional electrolytes, the designed electrolyte can effectively suppress the reactivity of water molecules and diminish the detrimental corrosion on the metallic zinc anode, while preserving the inherent advantages of water molecules, including great kinetic performance in electrolytes and H+ capacity contribution in cathodes. Based on the comprehensive performance of the designed electrolyte, the 10 µm Zn||10 µm Zn symmetric cell stably ran for 1000 h at the current density of 1 mA cm−2, and the areal capacity of 1 mAh cm−2, whose depth‐of‐discharge is over 17.1%. The electrochemical performance of the 10 µm Zn||9.3 mg cm−2 polyaniline (PANI) full‐cell demonstrates the feasibility of the designed electrolyte. This work provides a crucial understanding of balancing activity of water molecules in aqueous zinc metal batteries.
Free Markets and Health Care: Lessons from Welfare Economics
Authors: Courtemanche Charles 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe U.S. health care system is often criticized for being the most expensive in the world while delivering mediocre health outcomes. While policymakers on both the right and left agree about the need for reform, they disagree strongly about whether that reform should involve a smaller role for government or a larger role. At the same time, the U.S.’ high costs and mediocre health outcomes likely are at least partly attributable to lifestyle choices that occur outside of the health care system, creating another possible avenue for intervention. This introduction to the symposium on “Free Markets and Health Care” discusses how welfare economics provides a useful tool in evaluating the appropriateness of government involvement in markets related to health and health care. The papers in the symposium provide important new evidence to help inform debates about, for instance, regulations on health care providers and insurers, health insurance expansions, and policies designed to influence health behaviors.
Gadolinium‐Manganese‐Based Nanoplatform Reverses Radiotherapy Resistant Factors for Radiotherapy Sensitization and Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Dual‐Modal Imaging
Authors: Li Yingwen , Niu Panhong , Han Zhenzhong , Wang Xueqian , Gao Duanmin , Xu Yunjian , He Qingbin , Qiu Jianfeng , Sun Yinglun 
Published: July 2024

Insufficient reactive oxygen species originating from hypoxia and high glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an important reason for radiotherapy (RT) resistance. Currently, radiosensitizers that remodel TME are widely investigated to enhance RT. However, developing an effective nano‐radiosensitization system that removes radiotherapy‐resistant factors from TME to boost RT effect while visualizing tumor imaging to aid therapy remains a challenge. Herein, MnO2 nanosheets are grown on the surface of ultrasmall Eu‐doped NaGdF4 (NaGdF4:Eu3+) nanoparticles and modified by biocompatible DSPE‐PEG2000 to prepare NaGdF4:Eu3+@MnO2@PEG nanoparticles (denoted as GMP NPs) as a radiosensitizer, which not only can reverse the TME by degrading H2O2 to produce oxygen and consuming high GSH but also achieve computed tomography (CT)and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. When GMP NPs synergize with X‐ray, a better antitumor effect is achieved in both HeLa cells and tumor‐bearing mice, compared with X‐ray alone. In addition, both paramagnetic Mn2+ ionsproduced by decomposing MnO2 in TME and NaGdF4:Eu3+ nanoparticles enhance T1‐weighted MR imaging. NaGdF4:Eu3+ nanoparticles containing high atomic number of Gd/Eu effectively attenuate X‐ray to enhance CT imaging. The work provides new insights for developing an efficient RT sensitization platform integrating antitumor therapeutic effect as well as CT/MR dual‐modal imaging.
Noodle Production for Diabetics from Modified Green Banana Starch by Phosphate Cross‐Linking
Authors: Vu Minh‐Tan , Nguyen Kim‐An Thi , Pham Mai‐Huong Thi , Le Hong‐Nhung Thi , Nguyen Ngoc‐Thanh , Nguyen Thanh‐Tung , Pham Thu‐Ha Thi , Nguyen Trung‐Duc , Nguyen Ngoc‐Tuan , Nguyen Phan‐Hang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of Green banana (GB) starch in prebiotic foods to address health problems such as diabetes. It is modified by phosphate cross‐linking to increase the resistant starch content, improve functional properties, and reduce digestible starch consumption. The starch is modified using a mixture of sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) with 6 to 12 wt%ratios in the presence of sodium sulfate. The results showed an increase in phosphorus content from 0.18% to 0.45% corresponding to the increase in sodium trimetaphosphate/sodium tripolyphosphate ratios. Resistant starch reached 60 wt% after increasing the concentration of phosphate agent above 10 wt% and rapidly digestible starch decreased significantly. Accordingly, the physicochemical properties of starch changed significantly. Phosphate cross‐linking led to disruption of the crystalline structure of starch granules and fragmentation, reducing enthalpy and increasing gelatinization temperature. The oil and water absorption and freeze‐thaw stability of treated starch increased. While water absorption and solubility index of starch decreased significantly as the result of phosphate cross‐linking. Modified starch is used for the production of rice noodles. From 10 to 30 wt% of 10P modified starch mixed, cooking fracture rate is not more than 10% and resistant starch content is over 41 wt%.
Machine learning enhanced modeling of steel‐concrete bond strength under elevated temperature exposure
Authors: Reshi Iraq Ahmad , Shah Asif H. , Jan Abrak , Tariq Zainab , Sholla Sahil , Rashid Sami , Wani Mohammad Umer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study uses machine learning techniques to investigate the bond strength between steel and concrete under various elevated temperature scenarios. Five distinct machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), XGBoost, AdaBoost, Decision Tree, Linear Regression, and hyperparameteric optimisations, were used to predict changes in bond strength. The models underwent rigorous optimisation using GridSearchCV to achieve optimal performance. In this study, we evaluated several metrics such as Mean Squared Error, Root Mean Squared Error, Mean Absolute Error, and coefficient of determination (R2) Score to compare and assess the models' prediction capabilities. After optimisation, results indicate that the RF model exhibited exceptional performance in estimating bond strength across different temperature conditions, demonstrating minimal errors and a high R2 Score. Visual comparisons of actual and predicted values further confirmed the efficacy of the RF model in capturing complex fluctuations in bond strength. The findings of this study underscore the potential of machine learning models, particularly the optimized RF method, in accurately predicting bond strength under varying thermal conditions, with promising implications for engineering and construction practices.
Highly stretchable double‐network gel electrolytes integrated with textile electrodes for wearable thermo‐electrochemical cells
Authors: Zhou Yuetong , Zhang Ding , Zhang Shuai , Liu Yuqing , Ma Rujun , Wallace Gordon , Chen Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThermo‐electrochemical cells (TECs) provide a new potential for self‐powered devices by converting heat energy into electricity. However, challenges still remain in the fabrication of flexible and tough gel electrolytes and their compatibility with redox actives; otherwise, contact problems exist between electrolytes and electrodes during stretching or twisting. Here, a novel robust and neutral hydrogel with outstanding stretchability was developed via double‐network of crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan and polyacrylamide, which accommodated both n‐type (Fe2+/Fe3+) and p‐type ([Fe(CN)6]3−/[Fe(CN)6]4−) redox couples and maintained stretchability (>300%) and recoverability (95% compression). Moreover, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) textile electrodes with porous structure are integrated into gel electrolytes that avoid contact issues and effectively boost the Pmax of n‐ and p‐type thermocell by 76% and 26%, respectively. The optimized thermocell exhibits a quick current density response and is continually fully operational under deformations, which satisfies the working conditions of wearable devices. Multiple thermocells (four pairs) are effectively connected in alternating single n‐ and p‐type cells in series and outputted nearly 74.3 mV at ΔT = 10°C. The wearable device is manufactured into a soft‐pack thermocells to successfully harvest human body heat and illuminate an LED, demonstrating the potential of the actual application of the thermocell devices.
Ecotoxicological Research on the Toxic Impact of Zinc Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles on Oreochromis mossambicus
Authors: Sibiya Ashokkumar , Jeyavani Jeyaraj , Ramesh Dharmaraj , Bhavaniramya Sundaresan , Vaseeharan Baskaralingam 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have been widely used and are eventually been discharged into the natural aquatic ecosystem. The current study examined and correlated the toxicity of AgNPs and ZnONPs on the Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Lethal concentration (LC50) was determined with four different concentrations (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 mg/L) of AgNPs and ZnONPs; subsequently, the fishes were exposed to sublethal concentrations for a period of 21 days, and the oxidative stress and antioxidant and nonantioxidant parameters were studied. Results revealed oxidative stress evinced by increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) protein carbonyl activity (PCA), glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activity, metallothionein (MT) activity, and reduced glutathione in chronic exposure compared with acute exposure. Nonspecific immunological characteristics such as lysozyme (LYZ), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and respiratory burst activity (RBA) were also noticed in the serum. Furthermore, severe histological damages including damages in telangiectasia and epithelial cell hyperplasia were found in the combined treated group with Ag and ZnONPs than in individual treatments. When Ag and ZnONPs were combined, a reduction in the accumulation of Ag was observed in the liver, which increased drastically in individual exposure. The current findings highlight the importance of taking into account the combined exposure and correlation of NPs, their bioavailability, and toxicity in the aquatic ecosystem.
Subtotal traumatic penile amputation of unknown origin in a dog
Authors: Palper Dominique V. , van Stee Lucinda L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCases with a fracture of the os penis in dogs have been reported rarely, and to the authors’ knowledge, traumatic penile amputation has only been reported once. The dog presented in this case report sustained subtotal traumatic penile amputation of unknown origin. Before the presentation, the dog had been in a boarding facility, where no trauma was witnessed. The patient presented with haematuria, discharge from the prepuce, and lethargy. Upon examination, traumatic subtotal penile amputation was diagnosed, and a complete blood count revealed severe regenerative anaemia. Surgical debridement was performed, and the wound healed by second intention. During the recovery period, a urinary catheter was placed to aid in preventing urethral stenosis. Though the animal sustained extensive trauma to its genitals and subsequent anaemia, it survived with a good quality of life and acceptable urinary function.
Partial cystectomy of prolapsed urinary bladder in yellow‐footed tortoise (Chelonoidis denticulata)
Authors: Tardivo Caio Eduardo Okamoto , Ichikawa Ricardo Shoiti , Rahal Sheila Canevese , da Silva Jeana Pereira , Mamprim Maria Jaqueline 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn adult yellow‐footed female tortoise (Chelonoidis denticulata) weighing 7.6 kg was voluntarily surrendered to the environmental police. The history‐taking could not be obtained due to a lack of information. Upon physical examination, a fluid‐filled structure prolapsed through the cloacal opening was observed. The aspirated fluid had a citrine‐yellow colour, suggesting urinary bladder prolapse, which was successfully reduced back into the coelomic cavity with the hydrostatic reduction technique. The following day, prolapse recurrence was observed. In addition, distal two‐thirds of the organ had a darkened coloration. Whole‐body radiographs revealed four eggs ready for oviposition. Partial cystectomy of the prolapsed urinary bladder was done. Pretreatment with calcium followed by oxytocin was used for nonobstructive egg retention, and all eggs were laid. After 2.4 years of the surgery, the tortoise did not experience a recurrence of bladder prolapse.
Soil pores in preferential flow terminology and permeability equations
Authors: Manns Hida R. , Jiang Yefang , Parkin Gary 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLinkages between the micro‐scale of soil water and landscape scale of hydrological data could be improved with the analysis of soil factors in preferential flow rates. This rearrangement of the terminology on soil pore size from published literature focused on the relationship between aggregate and pore size. In the range of pore size relevant to water flow (>0.005 mm), a 2:1 ratio of aggregate to pore diameter approximated the mean of proposed pore size categories. Major functional change points in soil pore size were identified where water becomes mobile in soil (0.005 mm), where preferential flow among aggregate surfaces begins (0.3 mm), and where water flows without soil interaction (bypass flow ∼1.0 mm). A number of published equations supported the application of soil pore size in permeability estimation for modeling hydraulic conductivity. Common understanding of soil pore terminology would support water flow estimation from soil to landscape scales.
Leitfaden für die Einführung neuer Arbeitswelten am Beispiel eines Schweizerischen Bundesamtes
Authors: Dellenbach Christian , Rufer Eric 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungViele Schweizer KMU und Großunternehmen sind bemüht, die Zusammenarbeit im Rahmen der Digitalisierung zwischen Mitarbeitenden und Arbeitgebenden zu fördern. Der Druck auf dem Arbeitsmarkt steigt, als ansprechende und innovative Arbeitgebende zu bestehen. Alte Hierarchien und Dienstwege, welche sich bewährt haben, werden zunehmend an agile Organisationsformen angepasst, was wiederum Flexibilität und eine Veränderung des Führungsverständnisses erfordert. Um den Herausforderungen des Wandels zu begegnen, wurde sich auf drei relevante Dimensionen, welche die Arbeitswelt 4.0 beeinflussen, fokussiert: People, Technology und Place. Diese Fokussierung soll den Unternehmen dabei helfen, die Transformation in die agile und digitale Welt zu erleichtern und die Resultate der Veränderung zu steuern. Zur Zielerreichung, welche Chancen bei der Einführung der neuen Arbeitswelt entstehen können, wurden Interviews durchgeführt, wobei die Teilnehmenden aus unterschiedlichen Branchen stammen. Zur Datenerhebung wurde ein teilstrukturierter Interviewleitfaden genutzt. Auf Basis der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse wurden anschließend Empfehlungen ausgearbeitet. Es konnte eruiert werden, dass die öffentliche Verwaltung vor allem Chancen im Bereich der Flexibilisierung der Arbeitsstrukturen aufweist, welche sich positiv auf die Positionierung am Arbeitsmarkt und die Mitarbeitendenbindung auswirkt. Zudem können durch unterschiedliche Raumzonen die Anforderungen an die verschiedenen Arbeitsweisen gedeckt werden. Die Technologie ist zwar ein wichtiger Enabler der neuen Arbeitswelt, birgt allerdings auch große Herausforderungen im Management der verschiedenen Tools. Zu guter Letzt spielt das Thema Führung eine wesentliche Rolle, ob die Transformation in die neue Arbeitswelt glückt oder nicht.
Die Blockchain-ID: Eine mehrheitsfähige Lösung für den digitalen Identitätsnachweis innerhalb der schweizerischen Demokratie?
Authors: Wackernagel Tim , Schwarz Daniel 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie digitale ID gilt als wichtige Voraussetzung zur Realisierung ökonomischer, sozialer und politischer Potenziale in einer digitalen Welt. Nach der Ablehnung der E-ID-Vorlage in einer Volksabstimmung am 7. März 2021 versucht die Schweizer Politik, im Rahmen der Konzeption neuer E-ID-Lösungen die Interessen von Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Zivilgesellschaft besser zu berücksichtigen. Der Beitrag befasst sich mit einem E-ID-Lösungsansatz auf der Basis von Blockchain-Technologie. Die Forschungsergebnisse einer quantitativ-empirischen Befragung unter 1730 Stimmberechtigten zeigen, dass die Bevölkerung einer derartigen Lösung positiv gegenüberstehen würde. Dieser Befund gilt sowohl geschlechter-, sprach- als auch annähernd parteiübergreifend. Ferner zeigt sich, dass die Bevölkerung dem Einsatz der Blockchain-Technologie auch in anderen Anwendungsbereichen nicht generell ablehnend gegenübersteht und die teils vorhandene Skepsis mittels allgemein verständlicher Erklärungen zu überwinden ist.
Hackathon als Open Innovation in der öffentlichen Verwaltung
Authors: Marquez Alex Enrique , Gees Thomas 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die Innovationsmetode „Hackathon“ im Anwendungskontext des öffentlichen Sektors. Abgeleitet aus den Konzepten Open Government und Open Innovation wird aus der Literatur ein Überblick gegeben werden, inwieweit Innovationswettbewerbe wie ein Hackathon geeignet sind, Innovationsideen aus der Gesellschaft in die Verwaltung zu bringen und die digitale Transformation des öffentlichen Sektors zu unterstützen. Anschließend werden die Ergebnisse präsentiert, welche im Nachgang zu den erstmals vom Kanton Bern initiierten Data Hackdays 2021 geführt worden waren. Der Hackathon hat insbesondere das Potenzial, dass in der Vorbereitung gewohnte Arbeitsweisen und Routinen verlassen werden und am Anlass selber eine Auseinandersetzung mit einer interessierten Community ermöglicht wird. Die Resultate zeigen auch Schwierigkeiten in der Vorbereitung auf, welche allerdings mit zunehmender Erfahrung zu bewältigen sind.
Omni-Channel-Strategien im Non-Food-Detailhandel
Authors: Bühlmann Flurin , Schellinger Jochen 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Einzelhandel ist nicht erst seit der Corona-Pandemie starken Veränderungen unterworfen. Geändertes Konsumverhalten und die Digitalisierung erfordern, dass sich die Anbieter anpassen, um auch künftig noch erfolgreich zu sein. Neben den stationären Absatzkanälen werden Vertriebskanäle über das Internet immer wichtiger. Sind alle Kanäle übergreifend geführt, hoch vernetzt, stark kundenfokussiert und ermöglichen ein kanalübergreifendes Einkaufserlebnis, spricht man von einer Omni-Channel-Strategie. Im Beitrag erfolgt eine Analyse der Situation im Schweizer Non-Food-Detailhandel mit Fokus auf die Fragen, welche Strategien sich bei der Transformation der Vertriebsstrukturen und -aktivitäten etabliert haben, welche für die Zukunft zu erwarten sind, und welche Voraussetzungen für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung von Omni-Channel-Strategien nötig sind. Auf Basis einer empirischen Erhebung wird ein Modell entwickelt, das Unternehmen dabei helfen soll, eine solche Strategie generieren und implementieren zu können.
An improved framework for computing waveforms
Authors: Brunello Giacomo , De Angelis Stefano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We combine the observable-based formalism (KMOC), the analytic properties of the scattering amplitude, generalised unitarity and the heavy-mass expansion with a newly introduced IBP reduction for Fourier integrals, to provide an efficient framework for computing scattering waveforms. We apply this framework to the scattering of two charged massive bodies in classical electrodynamics. Our work paves the way for the computation of the analytic one-loop waveform in General Relativity.
The in-out formalism for in-in correlators
Authors: Donath Yaniv , Pajer Enrico 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cosmological correlators, the natural observables of the primordial universe, have been extensively studied in the past two decades using the in-in formalism pioneered by Schwinger and Keldysh for the study of dissipative open systems. Ironically, most applications in cosmology have focused on non-dissipative closed systems. We show that, for non-dissipative systems, correlators can be equivalently computed using the in-out formalism with the familiar Feynman rules. In particular, the myriad of in-in propagators is reduced to a single (Feynman) time-ordered propagator and no sum over the labelling of vertices is required. In de Sitter spacetime, this requires extending the expanding Poincaré patch with a contracting patch, which prepares the bra from the future. Our results are valid for fields of any mass and spin but assuming the absence of infrared divergences.We present three applications of the in-out formalism: a representation of correlators in terms of a sum over residues of Feynman propagators in the energy-momentum domain; an algebraic recursion relation that computes Minkowski correlators in terms of lower order ones; and the derivation of cutting rules from Veltman’s largest time equation, which we explicitly develop and exemplify for two-vertex diagrams to all loop orders.The in-out formalism leads to a natural definition of a de Sitter scattering matrix, which we discuss in simple examples. Remarkably, we show that our scattering matrix satisfies the standard optical theorem and the positivity that follows from it in the forward limit.