bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of controlled ovarian stimulation in IVF
Authors: Kol Shahar , Castillo Farfan Juan Carlos , Trolice Mark P. , Quaas Alexander M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSince the inception of in vitro fertilization (IVF), monitoring of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) has traditionally involved numerous appointments for ultrasound and laboratory testing to guide medication use and dosing, determine trigger timing, and allow for measures to reduce the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Recent advances in the field of assisted reproductive technology (ART) have called into question the timing and frequency of COS monitoring appointments, as discussed in this commentary.
Bullying Victimization and Out-of-Home Care: The Role of Personal and Social Resources?
Authors: Wiemann Ann-Katrin , Werner Anika , Konrad Kerstin , Niestroj Sophie Charlotte , Steden Sarah , Boecker Maren , Lohaus Arnold 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have indicated that youth in care may represent a high-risk group for bullying victimization. So far, research has focused primarily on problem behavior rather than on potential personal or social resources of youth in care, particularly in the context of bullying victimization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether youth in care are more likely to experience bullying victimization. Furthermore, it was analyzed if personal and social resources were protective of bullying victimization and whether these associations were moderated by family placement while controlling for lifetime poly-victimization. An online survey was completed by n = 119 youth in care and n = 110 youth in biological families in Germany - with or without a social/biological caregiver. Overall, the results showed that youth in care were 7.41 times more likely to experience bullying victimization than youth in biological families. Personal and social resources did add to the explained variance of current bullying victimization beyond lifetime poly-victimization in the child’s report. In particular, low levels of child-reported parental support and school integration were associated with more bullying victimization. These associations were not moderated by family placement, indicating similar effects for both, youth in care and youth in biological families.
Layering and institutional change: framework plan revision in Norwegian early childhood education and care
Authors: Homme Anne , Ludvigsen Kari , Danielsen Hilde 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCentral among a range of reforms and policy measures aimed at enhancing the quality and social cohesion of Norwegian early childhood education and care (ECEC) services is the 2017 Framework Plan for Kindergartens. In this article, we investigate the policy formation process and how framework plan reform has been carried out by public and private stakeholders at different levels. The reform is explored as institutional layering, referring to theoretical contributions that stress the role of incremental development and gradual institutional change. We ask: What are the policies added, and to what extent do added policies instigate institutional change? This article relies on qualitative document analyses, semistructured interviews, and quantitative survey data. We find high legitimacy for the framework plan in the ECEC sector, and informants broadly regard it as a continuation of earlier versions of the plan. Our analysis further shows that the implementation of the 2017 framework plan reform cannot be viewed in isolation, as it interacts with other reforms, trends, and instruments in the sector. We argue that blending reform design features with existing values and practices adds layers to Norwegian ECEC, instigating change. The analysis points to the need for further research on how national educational reforms are implemented in complex settings and to investigate the relationships between policy design and measures and between policy outcomes and ambitions. The relationships between different measures can be unclear to local implementers. Thus, we stress the importance of considering how reform outcomes depend on intertwined reforms and varying local conditions regarding capacity, norms, and values.
Thermal spray to embed optical fibers for the monitoring and protection of metallic structures
Authors: Rigamonti Daniela , Meneses Costa Hector Reynaldo , Bilotti Gianmarco , Bettini Paolo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the framework of using fiber optics (FO) for structural health monitoring, a true challenge is to fix the fiber onto structures guaranteeing both protection for the former and an effective adhesion on the latter. This work proposes a method to obtain such result via thermal spray technique on metallic structures, allowing its use in the most severe conditions of corrosion and wear. Since the transmission medium between the structure and the sensitive part of the optical fiber is represented by the fiber coating, three differently coated fibers were used on C-40 steel substrate: polyacrylate, polyimide and ORMOCER. In addition, the use of a primer to improve the bond on the substrate was evaluated. The adhesion between FO and metallic coating is evaluated through optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electrons microscopy (SEM) analysis. The functionality is also verified with both thermal and mechanical tests to calibrate the measuring accuracy. The results indicate that the best combination is that of the polyimide fiber, a zinc primer and aluminum coating. The proven qualities are the adhesion at the interface between the metallic coating and the fiber optics, and the preservation of the structural integrity of the fiber itself and its coating, and a precise measurement of strain acquired by fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBGs). The use of the thermal spray process is thus proved to be a solution for the optical fiber and substrate interaction, since it preserves the integrity of the optical fiber, due to the low temperature of the process, adding the protection that the metallic coating offers as well.
A crossed module representation of a 2-group constructed from the 3-loop group $$\Omega ^3G$$
Authors: Mickelsson Jouko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe quantization of chiral fermions on a 3-manifold in an external gauge potential is known to lead to an abelian extension of the gauge group. In this article, we concentrate on the case of $$\Omega ^3 G$$

Ω
3

G

of based smooth maps on a 3-sphere taking values in a compact Lie group G. There is a crossed module constructed from an abelian extension $$\widehat{\Omega ^3 G}$$

Ω
3

G

^

of this group and a group of automorphisms acting on it as explained in a recent article by Mickelsson and Niemimäki. We shall construct a representation of this crossed module in terms of a representation of $$\widehat{\Omega ^3 G}$$

Ω
3

G

^

on a space of functions of gauge potentials with values in a fermionic Fock space and a representation of the automorphism group of $$\widehat{\Omega ^3 G}$$

Ω
3

G

^

as outer automorphisms of the canonical anticommutation relations algebra in the Fock space.
Projective and External Saturation Problem for Posets
Authors: Pálvölgyi Dömötör , Patkós Balázs 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe introduce two variants of the poset saturation problem. For a poset P and the Boolean lattice $$\mathcal {B}_n$$

B
n

, a family $$\mathcal {F}$$
F
of finite subsets of $$\mathbb {N}$$
N
, not necessarily from $$\mathcal {B}_n$$

B
n

, is projectiveP-saturated if (i) it does not contain any strong copies of P, (ii) for any $$G\in \mathcal {B}_n\setminus \mathcal {F}$$

G
∈

B
n

\
F

, the family $$\mathcal {F}\cup \{G\}$$

F
∪
{
G
}

contains a strong copy of P, and (iii) for any two different $$F,F'\in \mathcal {F}$$

F
,

F
′

∈
F

we have $$F\cap [n]\ne F'\cap [n]$$

F
∩

[
n
]

≠

F
′

∩

[
n
]

. Ordinary strongly P-saturated families, i.e., families $$\mathcal {F}\subseteq \mathcal {B}_n$$

F
⊆

B
n

satisfying (i) and (ii), automatically satisfy (iii) as they lie within $$\mathcal {B}_n$$

B
n

. We study what phenomena are valid both for the ordinary saturation number $$\text {sat}^{*}(n,P)$$

sat

∗

(
n
,
P
)

and the projective saturation number $$\top \hspace{-10pt}\top \text {sat}(n,P)$$

⊤

⊤
sat
(
n
,
P
)

, the size of the smallest projective P-saturated family. Note that the projective saturation number might differ for a poset and its dual. Motivated by this, we introduce an even more relaxed and symmetric version of poset saturation, external saturation. We conjecture that all finite posets have bounded external saturation number, and prove this in some special cases.
People are STRANGE: towards a philosophical archaeology of self
Authors: Malafouris Lambros 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhilosophical preoccupation with the hard problem of self-consciousness often takes human becoming for granted. In archaeology, the opposite is the norm. The emphasis is on when and how we became human while the problem of self (how did the ability to think about one’s own self come about? ) is largely neglected. This article suggest that those two aspects of human becoming cannot be meaningfully disentangled: humans are both persons and members of a species. I argue that people are STRANGE. I use the acronym STRANGE to describe the Situated TRANsactional and GEnerative process by which the human species (nature) and the human self (culture) become co-constituted in the lived space of material engagement. I propose that to study this middle space of self-becoming a synergy of enactive and situated perspectives from philosophy and archaeology is needed. Drawing on material engagement theory I sketch out my vision of what this synergy entails based on the notions of self-bounding, enactive in/dividuation, and the situated person perspective. I use the archaeological examples of stone knapping (toolmaking) and early body ornamentation to substantiate some of the main issues and methodological challenges.
A spatio-temporal multi-scale fusion algorithm for pine wood nematode disease tree detection
Authors: Li Chao , Li Keyi , Ji Yu , Xu Zekun , Gu Juntao , Jing Weipeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPine wood nematode infection is a devastating disease. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing enables timely and precise monitoring. However, UAV aerial images are challenged by small target size and complex surface backgrounds which hinder their effectiveness in monitoring. To address these challenges, based on the analysis and optimization of UAV remote sensing images, this study developed a spatio-temporal multi-scale fusion algorithm for disease detection. The multi-head, self-attention mechanism is incorporated to address the issue of excessive features generated by complex surface backgrounds in UAV images. This enables adaptive feature control to suppress redundant information and boost the model’s feature extraction capabilities. The SPD-Conv module was introduced to address the problem of loss of small target feature information during feature extraction, enhancing the preservation of key features. Additionally, the gather-and-distribute mechanism was implemented to augment the model’s multi-scale feature fusion capacity, preventing the loss of local details during fusion and enriching small target feature information. This study established a dataset of pine wood nematode disease in the Huangshan area using DJI (DJ-Innovations) UAVs. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed model with spatio-temporal multi-scale fusion reached 78.5%, 6.6% higher than that of the benchmark model. Building upon the timeliness and flexibility of UAV remote sensing, the proposed model effectively addressed the challenges of detecting small and medium-size targets in complex backgrounds, thereby enhancing the detection efficiency for pine wood nematode disease. This facilitates early preemptive preservation of diseased trees, augments the overall monitoring proficiency of pine wood nematode diseases, and supplies technical aid for proficient monitoring.
A Narrative Review of Ultrasound-Guided and Landmark-based Percutaneous Cryoneurolysis for the Management of Acute and Chronic Pain
Authors: Gabriel Rodney A. , Seng Eri C. , Curran Brian P. , Winston Paul , Trescot Andrea M. , Filipovski Igor 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Cryoneurolysis refers to the process of reversibly ablating peripheral nerves with extremely cold temperatures to provide analgesia for weeks to months. With ultrasound-guidance or landmark-based techniques, it is an effective modality for managing both acute and chronic pain. In this review, we summarize the reported literature behind its potential applications and efficacy.

Recent Findings
Here, we summarize several studies (from case reports to clinical trials) describing the use of ultrasound-guided and landmark-based cryoneurolysis for acute and chronic pain. Acute pain indications included pain related to knee arthroplasty, limb amputations, mastectomies, shoulder surgery, rib fractures, and burn. Chronic pain indications included chronic knee pain (due to osteoarthritis), shoulder pain, painful neuropathies, postmastectomy pain syndrome, phantom limb pain, facial pain/headaches, foot/ankle pain, inguinal pain, and sacroiliac joint pain.

Summary
For both acute and chronic pain indications, more high quality randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to definitively assess the efficacy of cryoneurolysis versus other standard therapies for a multitude of pain conditions.
The Novel-B-Cell-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis and Immune Status of Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Li Xinhong , Sun Tongyu , Li Hongyan , Liu Juan , Huang Na , Liu Surong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The current understanding of the prognostic significance of B cells and their role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is limited.

Methods
We conducted a screening for B-cell-related genes through the analysis of single-cell transcriptome data. Subsequently, we developed a B-cell-related gene signature (BRGrisk) using LASSO regression analysis. Patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort were divided into a training cohort and a test cohort. Patients were categorized into high- and low-risk groups based on their median BRGrisk scores. The overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and a nomogram based on BRGrisk was constructed. Immune infiltration profiles between the risk groups were also compared.

Results
The BRGrisk prognostic model indicated significantly worse outcomes for patients with high BRGrisk scores (p < 0.001). The BRGrisk-based nomogram exhibited good prognostic performance. Analysis of immune infiltration revealed that patients in the high-BRGrisk group had notably higher levels of immune cell infiltration and were more likely to be in an immunoresponsive state. Enrichment analysis showed a strong correlation between the prognostic gene signature and cancer-related pathways. IC50 results indicated that patients in the low-BRGrisk group were more responsive to common drugs compared to those in the high-BRGrisk group.

Conclusions
This study presents a novel BRGrisk that can be used to stratify the prognosis of ESCA patients and may offer guidance for personalized treatment strategies aimed at improving prognosis.
Solid-state NMR assignment of α-synuclein polymorph prepared from helical intermediate
Authors: Ahlawat Sahil , Mehra Surabhi , Gowda Chandrakala M. , Maji Samir K , Agarwal Vipin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSynucleinopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein protein aggregates in the neurons and glial cells. Both ex vivo and in vitro α-synuclein fibrils tend to show polymorphism. Polymorphism results in structure variations among fibrils originating from a single polypeptide/protein. The polymorphs usually have different biophysical, biochemical and pathogenic properties. The various pathologies of a single disease might be associated with distinct polymorphs. Similarly, in the case of different synucleinopathies, each condition might be associated with a different polymorph. Fibril formation is a nucleation-dependent process involving the formation of transient and heterogeneous intermediates from monomers. Polymorphs are believed to arise from heterogeneous oligomer populations because of distinct selection mechanisms in different conditions. To test this hypothesis, we isolated and incubated different intermediates during in vitro fibrillization of α-synuclein to form different polymorphs. Here, we report 13C and 15N chemical shifts and the secondary structure of fibrils prepared from the helical intermediate using solid-state nuclear magnetic spectroscopy.
Loneliness, peer relationships, and symptoms of depression affect health care service use in adolescence
Authors: Kekkonen Virve , Kraav Siiri-Liisi , Hintikka Jukka , Kivimäki Petri , Kaarre Outi , Tolmunen Tommi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdolescents’ health behavior is promoted by their social relationships, and social isolation may affect their health and use of health care services. No previous studies have examined the quality of social relationships and health care service use from adolescence to young adulthood. We investigated the associations between the quality of the social relationships, depression, and the utilization of primary health care services by adolescents and young adults. The participants (n = 793, aged 13-18 years) were from a general population sample who attended a five-year follow-up study. Data on health care service utilization were obtained from primary health care registers. Self-rated questionnaires were used at two time points, and the associations between the number of visits to health services and background factors were analyzed using generalized linear models. The mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between loneliness and health service use was assessed with a simple mediation model. Young age, female gender, and symptoms of depression associated with a higher number of visits to health care services during the follow-up period. Loneliness in males and poor relationships with peers in females associated with a lower number of health care service visits. Furthermore, the effect of loneliness on health service visits was mediated by symptoms of depression. The quality of social relationships in adolescence may affect the utilization of health care services, and the role of social relationships in health care service utilization differs between males and females.
Constructing diagnostic signature of serum microRNAs using machine learning for early pan-cancer detection
Authors: Xu Yuyan , Liao Wei , Chen Huanwei , Pan Mingxin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Cancer is a major public health concern and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Various studies have reported the use of serum microRNAs (miRNAs) as non-invasive biomarkers for cancer detection. However, large-scale pan-cancer studies based on serum miRNAs have been relatively scarce.

Methods
An optimized machine learning workflow, combining least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses, recursive feature elimination (RFE), and fourteen kinds of machine learning algorithms, was use to screen out candidate miRNAs from 2540 serum miRNAs and constructed a potent diagnostic signature (Cancer-related Serum miRNA Signatures) for pan-cancer detection, based on a serum miRNA expression dataset of 38,223 samples.

Result
Cancer-related Serum miRNA Signatures performed well in pan-cancer detection with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.999, 94.51% sensitivity, and 99.49% specificity in the external validation cohort, and represented an acceptable diagnostic performance for identifying early-stage tumors. Furthermore, the ability of multi-classification of tumors by serum miRNAs in pancreatic, colorectal, and biliary tract cancers was lower than that in other cancers, which showed accuracies of 59%, 58.5%, and 28.9%, respectively, indicating that the difference in serum miRNA expression profiles among a small number of tumor subtypes was not as significant as that between cancer samples and non-cancer controls.

Conclusion
We have developed a serum miRNA signature using machine learning that may be a cost-effective risk tool for pan-cancer detection. Our findings will benefit not only the predictive diagnosis of cancer but also a preventive and more personalized screening plan.
STEPS (Study To Examine Parent, Patient/Dental Provider Systems) to Prevent Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Related Cancers: A Piloted Dental Patient and Provider Evaluation of Current and Future HPV Education
Authors: Jordan Kelsey H. , Stephens Julie A. , Niles Kaleigh , Hoffmeyer Nina , Pennell Michael L. , Oliveri Jill M. , Paskett Electra D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Oropharyngeal human papillomavirus (HPV) cancers are prevalent, but HPV education in dental clinics is uncommon. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dental provider and patient knowledge from, attitudes towards, and preferences for HPV education, then assess perceptions of existing HPV educational materials for use at dental visits. Appalachian Ohio dental patients (n = 13) and general/pediatric dental providers (n = 10) completed an initial, close-ended survey on current HPV knowledge and HPV educational attitudes, participation, and resource preferences. Select individuals reviewed existing HPV educational videos and toolkits via virtual focus groups (n = 9) or independent review surveys (n = 6). Using a discussion guide, participants responded to overall, visual, auditory, and content satisfaction statements, orally (focus groups) or with Likert scales (independent reviews). Surveys were summarized with frequencies/percentages; transcripts were qualitatively coded to identify potential material modifications. Dental providers and patients were more comfortable with HPV and oral cancer education (87% and 96%, respectively) and screening (96%) than with HPV vaccine education (74%) and referrals (61%) during dental visits. Providers were neither sharing HPV educational materials (80%) nor initiating educational conversations with dental patients (100%). The American Cancer Society videos and the “Team Maureen” toolkit were the most liked resources (i.e., fewer negative/disagree statements) by all participant groups. Findings indicate that future dental HPV educational efforts should be informed by currently available materials. Additional interventions are needed to promote dental provider discussions and sharing of educational materials with patients to increase education and promotion of the HPV vaccine and reduce oropharyngeal cancers.