bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SIRT5-mediated desuccinylation prevents mitochondrial dysfunction in Alveolar epithelial cells senescence and Pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Hou Wenyu , Zhao Yunmulan , Li Fei , Guo Zexin , Yang Liqing , Duan Chunyan , Gao Lingyun , Sun Wei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Senescence of alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) is a key event in the occurrence and development of Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The pathogenic mechanisms that underlie the effects of AEC senescence remain largely unexplained. Some age-related diseases have an etiology that is related to mitochondrial dysfunction induced by excessive lysine succinylation (Ksucc). Excessive Ksucc levels can be removed by SIRT5 to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.
Aims The aim of this study was to determine the effects of SIRT5-mediated de-Ksucc on mitochondrial function and pulmonary fibrosis after AEC senescence
Methods The expressions of Ksucc and SIRT5 were observed by western blot and immunofluorescence. The mitochondrial morphology of aging AEC was observed by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of SIRT5-mediated desuccinylation on mitochondrial function and aging fibrotic effect was determined by using SA‐β‐gal, mitoSOX, and MitoTracker staining. liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to perform the first global profiling of Ksucc in lung tissues with IPF patients. The changes of candidate key proteins and Ksucc sites related to energy metabolism in IPF lung tissues were analyzed by using the clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (COG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene ontology (GO). Specific succinylated proteins were validated by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM).
Results AEC in the lungs of IPF patients exhibit a marked accumulation of dysmorphic and dysfunctional mitochondria and excessive Ksucc levels. These mitochondrial abnormalities in AEC of normal mice with advancing age were associated with the downregulation of SIRT5. Increase SIRT5 expression in aging AEC maintains mitochondrial function and reduces fibrotic effects of AEC senescence in established bleomycin (BLM)-aging mouse model. 1964 Ksucc sites in 628 proteins were identified and specific succinylated proteins (GRHPR, HSD17B8) were closely related to mitochondria functions in the IPF lungs. SIRT5 down-regulate the Ksucc level of GRHPR and HSD17B8 in the AEC aging model.
Conclusions HyperKsucc is the basis of mitochondrial dysfunction in the AEC senescence and SIRT5 alleviates the pulmonary fibrosis induced by AEC senescence by stabilizing the mitochondrial function.
Gaps Phase Iii: Incorporation of Capacity Based Weighting in the Global Assessment for Pediatric Surgery
Authors: Yousef Yasmine , Ameh Emmanuel , Kalisya Luc Malemo , Poenaru Dan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The Global Assessment for Pediatric Surgery (GAPS) tool was developed to enhance pediatric surgical care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. This study presents the addition of a capacity-based weighting system to the GAPS tool.
Methods:
GAPS, developed through a multi-phase process including systematic review, international testing, item analysis, and refinement, assesses 64 items across five domains: human resources, material resources, education, accessibility, and outcomes. This new weighting system differentially weighs each domain. The GAPS Score was evaluated using pilot study data, focusing on hospital and country income levels, human development index, under-five mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, deaths due to injury and deaths due to congenital anomalies. Analysis involved the Kruskal-Wallis test and linear regression. Benchmark values for the GAPS overall score and subsection scores were identified.
Results:
The GAPS score’s capacity-based weighting system effectively discriminated between levels of hospital (p = 0.0001) and country income level (p = 0.002). The GAPS scores showed significant associations with human development index (p < 0.001) and key health indicators such as under-five mortality rates (p < 0.001), neonatal mortality rate (p < 0.001), and deaths due to injury (p < 0.001). Benchmark scores for the GAPS overall score and the subsection scores included most institutions within their respective hospital level.
Conclusions:
The GAPS tool and score, enhanced with the capacity-based weighting system, marks progress in assessing pediatric surgical capacity in resource-limited settings. By mirroring the complex reality of hospital functionality in low-resource centers, it provides a refined mechanism for fostering effective partnerships and data-driven strategic interventions.
Biofilm formation in Streptococcus suis: In vitro impact of serovar and assessment of coinfections with other porcine respiratory disease complex bacterial pathogens.
Authors: Miguélez-Pérez Rubén , Mencía-Ares Oscar , Gutiérrez-Martín César B. , González-Fernández Alba , Petrocchi-Rilo Máximo , Delgado-García Mario , Martínez-Martínez Sonia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Streptococcus suis is a worldwide pathogen that impacts swine industry, causing severe clinical signs in postweaning piglets, including meningitis and arthritis. Biofilm formation is a major virulence mechanism in S. suis, enhancing its persistence and resistance. Here, we assessed the in vitro biofilm formation of 240 S. suis isolates from Spanish swine farms and evaluated the effects of serovars (SVs) and coinfections with other porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) pathogens. Our study revealed significant heterogeneity in biofilm formation among S. suis SVs. Notably, SV2 exhibited the lowest biofilm formation, contrasting with the high biofilm-forming capacities of SV1, SV7, and SV9. Virulence factors epf, mrp, and sly were associated (p < 0.05) with reduced biofilm formation. Other PRDC pathogens, including Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Glaesserella parasuis, and Pasteurella multocida, formed biofilms, though generally less robust than those of S. suis (except for SV2), contrasting the high biofilm formation of Staphylococcus hyicus. Coinfections demonstrated enhanced biofilm formation in mixed cultures of S. suis, particularly with P. multocida. Other coinfections revealed variable results in pathogen interactions, suggesting the potential of biofilms for increased persistence and pathogenicity in coinfections. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of serovar-specific differences in biofilm formation among S. suis isolates, with significant implications for pathogenicity and persistence. The heterogeneous biofilm formation observed in coinfections with other PRDC pathogens reveals a complex interplay that could exacerbate disease severity. These findings provide a foundation for further research on biofilm mechanisms to mitigate the impact of PRDC in the swine industry.
Dynamic conditions for large shallow intraslab earthquakes
Authors: Yoshida Masaki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Large shallow intraslab earthquakes (LSIEs) of over magnitude-7 rarely occur at shallower depths (≤ 60 km) in the subducting plates of the circum-Pacific and northern margin of the Australian Plate off Indonesia. Research has suggested that most LSIEs occur under surface tectonic conditions with a lateral stress gradient across the back-arc to the fore-arc on the overriding plate based on seismological and geological evidence from trenches. In this study, dynamic conditions for the occurrence of LSIEs were studied using the intraslab stress state, stress state of the overriding plate, motion speed of overriding and subducting plates, and trench migration speed determined by geodesic plate motion models. LSIEs prefer tectonic conditions under (1) a nearly neutral stress state in the back-arc, (2) a compressional stress state in the fore-arc, and (3) down-dip tension in the shallower part of the subducting plate. In particular, the trenches of major subduction zones where LSIEs occur have a neutral back-arc stress state as deduced from analyses of plate motion geodetic data. The results suggest that the Earth’s subduction zones can be classified into four categories. This categorization is informed by the behavior of underlying mantle flow, i.e., the magnitude of slab suction flow in the mantle under the subducting plates and the scale of return flow in the mantle wedge under the overriding plates, which varies the combination of stress states in the fore-arc, back-arc, and intraslab.
The Coupling Response Mechanism of Functional Diversity, Species Diversity and Habitat Heterogeneity in Karst Secondary Communities
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Rong , Lin Chaoping , Liu Jiyun , Wang Mengjie , Ye Tianmu , Li Tingting , Yang Wensong , Li Xuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Studying the coupling relationship between plant community functional diversity and species diversity and the response mechanism to environmental heterogeneity in karst is of great significance for revealing the maintenance mechanism of the function and structure of karst ecosystems. Five functional diversity indices and four species diversity indices were calculated for the karst secondary communities in central Guizhou.The coupling relationship between functional diversity and species diversity was investigated by regression fitting,and the effects of environmental factors on functional diversity were investigated by RDA redundancy analysis. The results showed as follows: (1) The functional diversity index of FRic, FDis and RaoQ in the tree layer was significantly higher than that in the shrub layer in the middle Guizhou Karst secondary forest; (2) The coupling relationship between functional diversity and species diversity was significantly different. There was a significant S-type positive relationship between FRic, Margale and Shannon in tree layer, and a significant positive fitting relationship between FDis, RaoQ and species diversity index. The significant regression relationship between species diversity and functional diversity in shrub layer was weak, and only Margale, Shannon and FRic had significant positive fitting relationship. (3) Soil thickness (SD) and soil moisture content (SMC) determined the functional diversity of tree layer, while slope (SLO) and rock exposure rate (RER) determined the functional diversity of shrub layer. The results showed that the tree layer played a greater role in ecosystem function and structural stability than the shrub layer in the middle and late stages of succession in central Guizhou. The relationship between community functional diversity and species diversity was positive, and the functional diversity at different levels of the community had different responses to heterogeneous mountain habitats,which jointly determined the ecosystem function of the community.
Multi-objective optimization of the magnetic wiping process in dip-coating
Authors: Pino Fabio , Scheid Benoit , Mendez Miguel Alfonso 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Electromagnetic wiping systems allow to pre-meter the coating thickness of the liquid metal on a moving substrate. These systems have the potential to provide more uniform coating and significantly higher production rates compared to pneumatic wiping, but they require substantially larger amounts of energy. This work presents a multi-objective optimization accounting for (1) maximal wiping efficiency (2) maximal smoothness of the wiping meniscus, and (3) minimal Joule heating. We present the Pareto front, identifying the best wiping conditions given a set of weights for the three competing objectives. The optimization was based on a 1D steady-state integral model, whose prediction scales according to the Hartmann number (Ha). The optimization uses a multi-gradient approach, with gradients computed with a combination of finite differences and variational methods.The results show that the wiping efficiency depends solely on Ha and not the magnetic field distribution. Moreover, we show that the liquid thickness becomes insensitive to the intensity of the magnetic field above a certain threshold and that the current distribution (hence the Joule heating) is mildly affected by the magnetic field's intensity and shape.
Does Mri Morphology Correlate With Pre-operative Neurological Status in Operatively Treated LCS? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Menon K V , Mane Akash Vishnu , Borde Mandar , Rajale Sangram , Kanade Umesh P. , Datey Tanmay 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: It is well established that in Lumbar Canal Stenosis (LCS) radiological measures do not correlate with clinical severity of the syndrome. There is paucity of literature whether sensory-motor deficits, bladder/bowel dysfunction correlate with radiological grades of spinal stenosis. The aim of the study is to determine whether objective neurological deficits in LCS correlate with 4 of the commonly used radiological grading systems.
Material and Methods: It was a Retrospective observation study, comprising of 100 consecutive cases of operated lumbar canal stenosis in a university teaching hospital. Clinical grading and neurological assessment was done by the Zurich Claudication Score and the MRC grading respectively. Four radiological scores based on axial MR images were studied for each patient- Schizas’s, Lee’s, Miskin’s and Menon’s. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS Version 25.
Results: All 100 patients were scored as moderate or severe grade of LCS based on the Zurich claudication score. The Schizas score had a P value of 0.029 for motor deficit and 0.034 for sensory deficit; the Lee system had a P value of 0.258(motor deficit) and 0.615(sensory deficit); the Miskin & Mendel schema had values of 0.012 and 0.113 and the Menon’s score had 0.1368 and 0.668 suggesting that, only Schizas (Motor and sensory) & M&M (only motor) were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Schizas classification correlates statistically with neurological deficit (motor and sensory), whereas M&M classification statistically correlates with only motor deficit. Menon et al and Lees classifications fails to show any statistical correlation with neurological deficit.
Cytogenomic evaluation of regenerated Aralia elata using PLOP-FISH and flow cytometry
Authors: Peniton Eliazar Alumbro , Nguyen Hong Thi , Waminal Nomar Espinosa , Yang Tae-Jin , Kim Hyun Hee 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aralia elata is closely related to Panax ginseng and contains high levels of saponins and other medicinal compounds. Successful A. elata micropropagation is commercially significant; however, the genomic stability of tissue culture-derived regenerants is unclear. In this study, callus-derived regenerated A. elata plants were obtained, and their cytogenomic constitutions were assessed. Using RepeatExplorer, pre-labeled oligonucleotide probes (PLOPs) were developed with newly mined tandem repeats from < 1× NGS whole-genome short reads, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed using six repeat probes, including three universal PLOPs, and genomic DNA content was estimated using flow cytometry. Regenerated A. elata plants (50) exhibited consistent ploidy, repeat distribution, and genome sizes compared with those exhibited by the mother plant. Six repeat probes were detected using FISH. Tandem repeat AeTR49 was identified as an excellent cytogenetic marker for homologous chromosomes, and AeTR161 and AeTR178 were localized in the centromeric and telomeric sections, respectively. Genomic DNA content (2C) was estimated at 2.46 ± 0.04 pg in the mother plant and 2.41 ± 0.05 pg in regenerated plants, with no significant variations in genome size or chromosome length. These results demonstrate that cytogenomics can be used to effectively evaluate chromosome-level genomic stability in regenerated A. elata plants.
Parallel Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search based on Spark to solve VRPTW
Authors: Liu Songzuo , Sun Jian , Duan Xiaohong , Liu Guofang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search is an effective method for solving unconstrained optimization problems, but there are drawbacks such as poor accuracy, easy falling into local optimum and slow convergence when solving VRPTW. In order to improve the above problems, this paper improves the cooling function, uses CW initialization to improve the quality of the solution, and adopts three destruction operators and three repair operators, on the basis of which a parallel strategy is proposed to improve the accuracy of the algorithm and reduce the running time. The Solomon dataset is selected for simulation experiments to test both solution quality and running time, and comparison experiments are conducted with other parallel algorithms. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively solve VRPTW with a greater improvement in the solving accuracy and a 3–5 times improvement in the solving speed compared with other parallel algorithms.
A Fire Safety Data Management System Based on Blockchain Technology and Proxy Re-Encryption Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Lianchao , Su Liting , Wang Li 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A case study on a local chemical industry, Company A, is conducted in this article. Based on the data silo issues among different workshops and data tampering issues existing in the industry’s fire safety data management system, a novel distributed fire safety data management system that integrates blockchain technology with IPFS (InterPlanetary File Systems) is developed and tested.

The system is constructed on Hyperledger Fabric platform and integrated with and IPFS private network. To eliminate data silo issues among workshops, a consortium blockchain network is created to maintain a shared storage model of fire safety data among various workshops in the plant. To prevent data tampering issues, the system utilizes ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) encryption and proxy re-encryption algorithms to avoid the risk of private keys being exposed during data sharing while ensuring the security performance of the system.

The developed system provides a new perspective for further exploring the application of blockchain technology in the field of chemical industry fire safety data management.
Determinants of malaria risk among Under-five children in Nigeria: Results from 2021 Nigeria malaria indicator cross-sectional survey
Authors: Isiko Isaac , Nyegenye Simon , Mwesigwa Aaron , Asingwire Jackson Micheal , Olot Haron , Amaka Shekina-Rhoda Chioma 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Malaria is one of the global disease burdens especially in Africa with Nigeria having the highest prevalence of the disease. Children under five are vulnerable to the risk of malaria spread. This research aimed at identifying the determinants of malaria spread among the under-5 children in Nigeria.
Methods
This study used 2021NMIS data. The NMIS was implemented by the National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP) and data was collected between 12 October to 4 December 2021. This study included 3678 children and data cleaning and analysis were done using STATA version 17 software.
Results
Child’s age in months of 13–23 (AOR = 2.97; 95% CI = 1.62–5.45, p-value: 0.00), 24–35 months (AOR = 2.64; 95% CI = 1.43–4.88, p-value: 0.002),36–47 months (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.17–4.08, p-value: 0.015) and months of 48–59(AOR = 2.82; 95% CI = 1.53–5.23, p-value: 0.001), households headed by females (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.54–0.95, p-value: 0.019),households with all children slept in mosquito nets last night (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.39–4.21, p-value: 0.002), some children slept in the mosquito bed net (AOR = 2.83; 95% CI = 1.50–5.35, p-value: 0.001) and households with no mosquito bed nets (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.22–3.88, p-value: 0.008),mothers who agreed to have heard or seen malaria messages in the last 6 months (AOR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.62–1.74, p-value: 0.000),respondents with medium level of awareness of malaria prevention messages had 2.35 odds (AOR = 2.35; 95% CI = 1.62–3.4, p-value: 0.000), Children from North East (AOR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.54–0.9, p-value: 0.005), South-South (AOR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.5–0.85, p-value: 0.002) and South West (AOR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.37–0.73, p-value: 0.000) were the determinants of malaria spread in Nigeria
Conclusion
Maternal education and Regional disparities in malaria risk need to be addressed through in-depth assessments, identifying specific factors contributing to varying risk levels across different regions. Based on these insights, region-specific strategies and resource allocation can tackle unique challenges faced by each area.
Development of simultaneous detection method of six viruses infecting grapevine by a multiplex RT-PCR assay
Authors: Iwamae Tomoyuki , Maekawa Akinobu , Yanagisawa Hironobu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A multiplex RT-PCR is quick and economical method because of the simultaneous detection for two or more targets. Here, we developed multiplex RT-PCR for six grapevine viruses. Primers were newly designed for each viral isolate based on complete sequence data obtained from the NCBI database. As the result of comparing the detection sensitivities of our multiplex RT-PCR assay with those of previously reported conventional singleplex RT-PCR assays, that of our assay exhibit equivalent or even 1–10,000 times greater than their assays without non-specific reactions, respectively. Our assay is useful in selecting healthy nurseries and are useful for plant quarantine inspections.
Thyroid Nodules and Sleep Disorders
Authors: Zhang YuRen , Ni Qing , Li Jie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid nodules and sleep disorders among adult patients diagnosed with thyroid nodules. Demographic data were obtained, and baseline thyroid nodule characteristics were evaluated using thyroid ultrasonography. The Symptoms Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Scale were used to measure the sleep status of the patients. Overall, 180 participants with a mean age of 50 ± 12.7 years were included in this study. The majority of patients had TI-RADS grade 3 (80.14%), TI-RADS grade 4 (18.82%), and multiple nodules (70%). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (PSQI) revealed that 88.89% of the participants had PSQI scores > 5, indicating sleep disorders, with a mean PSQI score of 10.7 ± 3.6. Analysis of PSQI scores based on nodule length and TI-RADS grades showed no significant differences. In conclusion, patients with thyroid nodules experienced sleep disorders greatly, with difficulty falling asleep, poor subjective sleep quality, daytime fatigue, and short sleep time having a more significant impact on thyroid nodules, especially high-risk and small thyroid nodules. Our findings emphasize the importance of addressing sleep disturbances in patients with thyroid nodules to improve their quality of life and potentially mitigate the impact of thyroid diseases.