bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumption of Total and Specific Alcoholic Beverages and Long-Term Risk of Gout Among Men and Women
Authors: Lyu Jie-Qiong , Miao Meng-Yuan , Wang Jia-Min , Qian Yu-Wen , Han Wen-Wen , Peng Xian-Zhen , Tao Hao-Wei , Yang Jing , Chen Jing-Si , Qin Li-Qiang , Chen Wei , Chen Guo-Chong 
Published: August 2024

ImportancePrevious studies on alcohol consumption and incident gout have mostly included men or combined both sexes, and the sex-specific associations between alcohol consumption and gout are poorly understood.ObjectiveTo evaluate the consumption of total and specific alcoholic beverages in association with incident gout in men and women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study included 401 128 participants in the UK Biobank aged 37 to 73 years who were free of gout at baseline (2006-2010). Participants were followed up through December 31, 2021, and data were analyzed between August 2023 and June 2024.ExposureQuestionnaire-based consumption of total alcohol and specific alcoholic beverages.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcome was incident gout, identified using hospital records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of incident gout associated with alcohol consumption, with a particular consideration of reverse causation bias.ResultsThe main analysis included 179 828 men (mean [SD] age, 56.0 [8.2] years) and 221 300 women (mean [SD] age, 56.0 [8.0] years). Current drinkers showed a higher risk of gout than never drinkers among men (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.30-2.18) but not among women (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.67-1.03). Among current drinkers, higher total alcohol consumption was associated with a higher risk of gout among both sexes and more strongly among men than women (men: HR, 2.05 [95% CI, 1.84-2.30]; women: HR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.12-1.61]). The most evident sex difference in the consumption of specific alcoholic beverages was observed for beer or cider (men: mean [SD], 4.2 [4.8] pints per week; women: mean [SD], 0.4 [1.1] pints per week). Consumption of champagne or white wine, beer or cider, and spirits each was associated with a higher risk of gout among both sexes, with beer or cider showing the strongest association per 1 pint per day (men: HR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.53-1.67]; women: HR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.02-2.57]). Some inverse associations between light to moderate consumption of specific alcoholic beverages and gout were eliminated after adjusting for other alcoholic beverages and excluding individuals who had reduced alcohol consumption for health reasons, self-reported poor health, or had cardiovascular disease, cancer, or kidney failure at baseline, or developed gout within the first 2 years of follow-up.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, higher consumption of several specific alcoholic beverages was associated with a higher risk of gout among both sexes. The sex-specific associations for total alcohol consumption may be associated with differences between men and women in the types of alcohol consumed.
High‐speed bioimpedance‐based gating system for radiotherapy: Prototype and proof of principle
Authors: Belikhin Mikhail A. , Chernyaev Alexander P. , Pryanichnikov Alexander A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate a novel bioimpedance‐based respiratory gating system (BRGS) designed for external beam radiotherapy and to evaluate its technical characteristics in comparison with existing similar systems.Materials and methodsThe BRGS was tested on three healthy volunteers in free breathing and breath‐hold patterns under laboratory conditions. Its parameters, including the time delay (TD) between the actual impedance change and the gating signal, temperature drift, root mean square (RMS) noise, and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), were measured and analyzed.ResultsThe gate‐on TD and the gate‐off TD were found to be 9.0 ± 2.0 ms [mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD)] and 7.2 ± 1.3 ms, respectively. The temperature drift of the BRGS output signal was 0.02 Ω after 30 min of operation. RMS noise averaged 0.14 ± 0.05 Ω (M ± SD) for all subjects and varied from 0.08 to 0.20 Ω with repeated measurements. A significant difference in SNR (p < 0.001) was observed between subjects, ranging from 4 to 15.ConclusionThe evaluated bioimpedance‐based gating system showed a high performance in real‐time respiratory monitoring and may potentially be used as an external surrogate guidance for respiratory‐gated external beam radiotherapy. Direct comparison with commercially available systems, 4D correlation studies, and expansion of the patient sample are goals for future preclinical studies.
Current Progress on Scale‐Up and Commercialization of Microbially‐Produced Silk
Authors: Breslauer David N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver the past two decades, significant advancements have been made in the scalable production and commercialization of microbially‐produced recombinant protein polymers. This perspective presents the evolution from early research efforts to the development of market‐ready products, with a focus on recombinant silk‐like proteins. Initial attempts to synthesize spider silk proteins in microbial hosts faced challenges with solubility, stability, and yield. Recent advancements in synthetic biology, protein engineering, and bioprocess development have enabled the substantial progress on these challenges. Early commercial efforts highlight the complexities and high costs involved in silk production and more recent strategies have shifted toward processes with better scalability, techno‐economics, and product properties. Significant commercial progress has been made, with products launched in textiles and personal care. Although market penetration is limited so far, substantial groundwork is laid for future success. Key challenges remain, such as continued high production costs and the need for cost‐effective purification and fiber spinning techniques. However, the convergence of scientific, technological, and market developments –including a growing number of product launches – suggests that recombinant silk and protein polymers can soon become widespread sustainable materials across various industries.
Ultralong K0.5Mn0.75PS3 Nanowires Tailored by K‐Ion Scissors for Extraordinary Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Tu Xueyang , Xu Hengyue , Pan Youtan , Lv Zhuoran , Wang Linlin , Zhu Bingyi , Lin Tianquan , Bi Hui , Fang Yuqiang , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract1D layered nanowires (NWs) are expected to be excellent electrode materials due to their efficient electron/ion transport and strain/stress relaxation. However, it is a great challenge to synthesize layered NWs by a top‐down synthetic route. Herein, ultralong 1D layered K0.5Mn0.75PS3 NWs (length: >100 µm; diameter: ≈300 nm) are synthesized for the first time using “K‐ion chemical scissors”, whose excellent sodium storage performance originates from the bifunctional structural unit, ingeniously combining the alloying energy storage functional unit (P−P dimer) with the quasi‐intercalated functional unit ([MnS3]4− framework). Stress‐driven K‐ion scissors achieve the rapid transformation of MnPS3 bulk to K0.5Mn0.75PS3 NWs with directed tailoring. Compared to MnPS3, the NWs exhibit enlarged interlayer spacing (9.32 Å), enhanced electronic conductivity (8.17 × 10−5 S m−1 vs 4.47 × 10−10 S m−1), and high ionic conductivity (2.14 mS cm−1). As expected, the NWs demonstrate high capacity (709 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) and excellent cycling performance (≈100% capacity retention after 2500 cycles at 10 A g−1), ranking among metal thiophosphates. A quasi‐topological intercalation mechanism of the NWs is revealed through further characterizations. This work expands the top‐down synthesis approach and offers innovative insights for the cost‐effective and large‐scale fabrication of NWs with outstanding electrochemical performance.
Molecular Control of the Donor/Acceptor Interface Suppresses Charge Recombination Enabling High‐Efficiency Single‐Component Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Li Yao , Pacalaj Richard A. , Luo Yongmin , Ai Keren , Hai Yulong , Liang Shijie , Fan Kezhou , Sergeev Aleksandr A. , Ma Ruijie , Dela Peña Top Archie , Müller Jolanda S. , Jin Zijing , Tuladhar P Shakya , Jia Tao , Wang Jiannong , Li Gang , Wong Kam Sing , Li Weiwei , Durrant James R. , Wu Jiaying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSingle‐component organic solar cells based on double cable polymers have achieved remarkable performance, with DCPY2 reaching a high efficiency of over 13%. In this study, DCPY2 is further optimized with an efficiency of 13.85%, maintaining a high fill factor (FF) without compromising the short circuit current. Despite its intermixed morphology, DCPY2 shows a reduced recombination rate compared to their binary counterpart (PBDB‐T:Y‐O6). This slower recombination in DCPY2 is attributed to the reduced wavefunction overlap of delocalized charges, achieved by spatially separating the donor and acceptor units with an alkyl linker, thereby restricting the recombination pathways. Adding 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO) into DCPY2 further reduced the recombination rate by facilitating acceptor aggregation, allowing free charges to become more delocalized. The DIO‐assisted aggregation in DCPY2 (5% DIO) is evidenced by an increased pseudo‐pure domain size of Y‐O6. Fine molecular control at the donor/acceptor interface in the double‐cable polymer achieves reduced non‐geminate recombination under efficient charge generation, increased mobility, and charge carrier lifetime, thereby achieving superior performance. Nevertheless, the FF is still limited by relatively low mobility compared to the blend, suggesting the potential for further mobility improvement through enhanced higher‐dimensional packing of the double‐cable material.
Effect of orange fruit peel extract concentration on the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Wondmnew Emebet , Tizazu Getachew 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this investigation, the impact of reducing agent concentration on the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was examined. During the synthesis, an assessment of ionic conductivity was carried out, revealing a significant increase in conductivity prior to the introduction of the reducing agent, followed by a sharp decrease upon its addition. Characterization of the ZnO NPs involved ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and, X‐ray diffraction analysis. The outcomes suggest that the characteristics of the ZnO NPs are influenced by the concentration of the reducing agent during the synthesis process. Notably, the ZnO NPs synthesized with a higher concentration of reducing agent exhibited a narrower optical band gap and increased surface energy. Furthermore, employing a concentration of 0.5 v/v resulted in the rapid production of NPs with relatively uniform sizes. Conversely, concentrations below 0.5 v/v lead to slow formation, while concentrations exceeding 0.5 v/v yielded non‐uniform NPs.
Future worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic predictions by Gaidai multivariate risk evaluation method
Authors: Gaidai Oleg , Cao Yu , Zhu Yan , Ashraf Alia , Liu Zirui , Li Hongchen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccurate estimation of pandemic likelihood in every US state of interest and at any time. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is an infectious illness with a high potential for global dissemination and low rates of fatality and morbidity, placing some strains on national public health systems. This research intends to benchmark a novel technique, that enables hazard assessment, based on available clinical data, and dynamically observed patient numbers while taking into account pertinent territorial and temporal mapping. Multicentre, population‐based, and biostatistical strategies have been utilized to process raw/unfiltered medical survey data. The expansion of extreme value statistics from the univariate to the bivariate situation meets with numerous challenges. First, the univariate extreme value types theorem cannot be directly extended to the bivariate (2D) case,—not to mention challenges with system dimensionality higher than 2D. Assessing outbreak risks of future outbreaks in any nation/region of interest. Existing bio‐statistical approaches do not always have the benefits of effectively handling large regional dimensionality and cross‐correlation between various regional observations. These methods deal with temporal observations of multi‐regional phenomena. Apply contemporary, novel statistical/reliability techniques directly to raw/unfiltered clinical data. The current study outlines a novel bio‐system hazard assessment technique that is particularly suited for multi‐regional environmental, bio, and public health systems, observed over a representative period. With the use of the Gaidai multivariate hazard assessment approach, epidemic outbreak spatiotemporal risks may be properly assessed. Based on raw/unfiltered clinical survey data, the Gaidai multivariate hazard assessment approach may be applied to a variety of public health applications. The study's primary finding was an assessment of the risks of epidemic outbreaks, along with a matching confidence range. Future global COVID‐19/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV2) epidemic risks have been examined in the current study; however, COVID‐19/SARS‐COV2 infection transmission mechanisms have not been discussed.
Increasing the Efficacy of an Air Conditioning Unit by Utilizing Phase Change Material With Cylindrical Configuration
Authors: Sao Arun Kumar , Arora Arun , Sahu Mukesh Kumar 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe goal of the current study is to determine how the SST and the standard turbulence models prediction on PCM with cylindrical configuration affect AC performance and PCM discharging when coupled with an AC unit. For simulation, 308.15 K and 318.15 K, the inflow air temperature has been considered with a fixed 33.6 L/s intake air flow rate. The low outside temperature charges the PCMs during the night. During the daytime, heated ambient air is cooled by the PCM heat exchanger before passing over the unit condenser. The present outcomes show that using the standard model, the cylindrical PCM has the lowest time of complete melting. The temperature contours demonstrate that turbulence occurs, particularly at higher temperatures, in the PCM melting zone within the solid region. This implies that there is increased convection in this area. The maximum improved percentage in COP increases as the rising input air temperature for both turbulence models increases. The average power saving of AC at 308.15 K of an input air temperature for 83.33 min is predicted by both the standard and the SST to be 14.0905 W and 14.1089 W, respectively.
Investigation of the Effect of Compression Pressure in Contact OCT Imaging on the Measurement of Epidermis Thickness
Authors: Xie Zhiying , Shi Yaping , Marmin Agathe , Wang Ruikang K. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive 3D imaging technique that offers significant advantages over traditional microscopy and biopsy in measuring epidermal thickness (ET) when assessing skin conditions. However, OCT imagining is often required to be in a contact mode for mitigating the issues of subject movement and uneven skin topology. It is not known whether the contact would affect the ability of ET measurements. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the contact pressure applied and the ET measurements. We observed progressive deformation in the epidermis with the increase of compression forces, where a notable decrease of up to 13% in ET measurement and 70% decrease in capillary vessels was noted when imaging was in contact mode. We also observed 8.1% less deformation properties in scar tissue than in nearby healthy tissue. Our study underscored the importance of controlled pressure in contact imaging mode, which is often neglected.
Myosteatosis and muscle loss impact liver transplant outcomes in male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lu Di , Hu Zhihang , Chen Hao , Khan Abid Ali , Xu Qingguo , Lin Zuyuan , Li Huigang , Zhuo Jianyong , He Chiyu , Zhuang Li , Yang Zhe , Dong Siyi , Cai Jinzhen , Zheng Shusen , Xu Xiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia is associated with unfavourable long‐term survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the impact of myosteatosis and muscle loss on patient prognosis has not been investigated.MethodsSeven hundred fifty‐six HCC patients who received LT at 3 transplant centres were included. Computed tomography (CT) images of recipients were collected to measure skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMRA). The impact of myosteatosis on the prognosis of sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic patients was studied separately. Muscle status was evaluated based on the presence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis. The muscle loss of 342 males was calculated as the relative change of SMI between pre‐ and post‐LT evaluations. Cox regression models were used to identify predictors of overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).ResultsThe study comprised 673 males and 83 females. The median follow‐up time was 31 months (interquartile range, 19–43 months). Prior to LT, 267 (39.7%) and 187 (27.8%) males were defined as sarcopenic (low‐SMI) and myosteatotic (low‐SMRA), respectively. For sarcopenic recipients, the presence of myosteatosis was followed by a 23.6% decrease in 5 year OS (P < 0.001) and a 15.0% decrease in 5 year RFS (P = 0.014). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that muscle status was an independent predictor of OS [hazard ratio (HR), 1.569; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.317–1.869; P < 0.001] and RFS (HR, 1.369; 95% CI, 1.182–1.586; P < 0.001). Postoperatively, a muscle loss >14.2% was an independent risk factor for poor OS (HR, 2.286; 95% CI, 1.358–3.849; P = 0.002) and RFS (HR, 2.219; 95% CI, 1.418–3.471; P < 0.001) in non‐sarcopenic recipients (N = 209).ConclusionsPre‐transplant myosteatosis aggravated the adverse impact of sarcopenia on liver transplant outcomes in male HCC patients. Post‐transplant muscle loss might assist in prognostic stratification of recipients without pre‐existing sarcopenia, intriguing new insights into individualized management.
Simultaneous Multiparameter Mapping of the Liver in a Single Breath‐Hold or Respiratory‐Triggered Acquisition Using Multi‐Inversion Spin and Gradient Echo MRI
Authors: Manhard Mary Kate , Kilpattu Ramaniharan Anandh , Tkach Jean A. , Trout Andrew T. , Dillman Jonathan R. , Pednekar Amol S. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundQuantitative parametric mapping is an increasingly important tool for noninvasive assessment of chronic liver disease. Conventional parametric mapping techniques require multiple breath‐held acquisitions and provide limited anatomic coverage.PurposeTo investigate a multi‐inversion spin and gradient echo (MI‐SAGE) technique for simultaneous estimation of T1, T2, and T2* of the liver.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsSixteen research participants, both adult and pediatric (age 17.5 ± 4.6 years, eight male), with and without known liver disease (seven asymptomatic healthy controls, two fibrotic liver disease, five steatotic liver disease, and two fibrotic and steatotic liver disease).Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T, single breath‐hold and respiratory triggered MI‐SAGE, breath‐hold modified Look–Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI, T1 mapping), breath‐hold gradient and spin echo (GRASE, T2 mapping), and multiple gradient echo (mGRE, T2* mapping) sequences.AssessmentAgreement between hepatic T1, T2, and T2* estimated using MI‐SAGE and conventional parametric mapping sequences was evaluated. Repeatability and reproducibility of MI‐SAGE were evaluated using a same‐session acquisition and second‐session acquisition.Statistical TestsBland–Altman analysis with bias assessment and limits of agreement (LOA) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).ResultsHepatic T1, T2, and T2* estimates obtained using the MI‐SAGE technique had mean biases of 72 (LOA: −22 to 166) msec, −3 (LOA: −10 to 5) msec, and 2 (LOA: −5 to 8) msec (single breath‐hold) and 36 (LOA: −43 to 120) msec, −3 (LOA: −17 to 11) msec, and 4 (LOA: −3 to 11) msec (respiratory triggered), respectively, in comparison to conventional acquisitions using MOLLI, GRASE, and mGRE. All MI‐SAGE estimates had strong repeatability and reproducibility (ICC > 0.72).Data ConclusionHepatic T1, T2, and T2* estimates obtained using an MI‐SAGE technique were comparable to conventional methods, although there was a 12%/6% for breath‐hold/respiratory triggered underestimation of T1 values compared to MOLLI. Both respiratory triggered and breath‐hold MI‐SAGE parameter maps demonstrated strong repeatability and reproducibility.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Design, Synthesis and Anti‐Cancer Evaluation of Quinoline‐1,2,4‐triazine Hybrids
Authors: Dong Chang‐E , Qi Cong , Rui‐Li  , Xue Xuan‐Yi , Wei Rong‐Bin , Liu Wei‐Wei , Zhai Yuan‐Fen , Shi Da‐Hua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNine quinoline‐1,2,4‐triazine hybrids (5 a–5 i) were designed, synthesized, and subjected to evaluation as potential anti‐cancer agents. Structures validation of the synthesized analogues was accomplished through comprehensive analysis employing NMR, HRMS, and IR spectroscopy techniques. Furthermore, the molecular structures of compounds 5 a, 5 d and 5 h were authenticated via single crystal X‐ray diffraction. In an extensive screening process against the human pancreatic cancer PANC‐1 cell line utilizing the MTT assay, all quinoline‐1,2,4‐triazine hybrids (5 a–5 i) manifested significant anti‐proliferative activity. Compound 5 g demonstrated a significant anti‐proliferative effect with an IC50 value of 26.8 μM, similar to the positive control, 5‐Fu. Subsequent investigations revealed varying degrees of cell viability in MDA‐MB‐231, A549, and UM‐UC‐3 cell lines upon exposure to different concentrations of compound 5 g. These findings lead us to postulate that compound 5 g may impede the migration, invasion, and adhesion of PANC‐1 cells, similar to the effects observed with 5‐Fu.
Pd Nanoparticles Supported on Luffa Sponge as a Heterogenous Catalyst for C−O and C−C Coupling Reaction: From Waste to Use
Authors: Kataky Sudhamoyee , Choudhury Bhavna , Neog Gayatri , Das Manash R. , Thakur Ashim J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis work reports a practical approach for C−O and C−C bond formation reactions catalysed by Pd nanoparticles supported on Luffa sponge (PdNPs@LS).PdNPs@LS were prepared via a green route in‐situ by using ethanol as solvent, and lignin content present in the luffa sponge could work as an effective reducing reagent to reduce Pd(II) to Pd(0) without any harsh chemical used for reduction. The bio‐based support used i. e. Luffa sponge extracted from the waste feedstock of Luffa guard in a simple filtration method is a cheap, biodegradable, abundant and renewable source with netting‐like three‐dimensional porous structure. Without significant loss of its activity the PdNPs@LS could be easily recovered and recycled for at least three times. The catalyst is characterized by FT‐IR, TGA, SEM‐EDX, TEM, and XPS analyses.