bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A transcriptional and proteomic survey of Arachnocampa luminosa (Diptera: Keroplatidae) lanterns gives insights into the origin of bioluminescence from the Malpighian tubules in Diptera
Authors: Silva J. R. , Amaral D. T. , Hastings J. W. , Wilson T. , Viviani V. R. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractFungus‐gnats of the genus Arachnocampa are unique among bioluminescent insects for displaying blue–green bioluminescence, and are responsible for one of the most beautiful bioluminescence spectacles on the roofs of the Waitomo Caves. Despite morphological studies showing that Arachnocampa larval lanterns involve specialization of the Malpighian tubules, the biochemical origin of their bioluminescence remains enigmatic. Using a cDNA library previously constructed from lanterns of the New Zealand glowworm A. luminosa, we carried out the first transcriptional analysis of ~ 500 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) to identify putative candidate proteins for light production, and to better understand the molecular physiology of the lanterns and their relationship with Malpighian tubule physiology. The analysis showed an abundance of hexamerin‐like proteins, as well as luciferase‐like enzymes, indicating a possible critical role for these proteins in bioluminescence. These findings were corroborated by proteomic analysis of lantern extracts, which showed the presence of hexamerins and luciferase‐like enzymes. Other gene products typical of Malpighian tubules, such as detoxifying enzymes, were also found. The results support the existence of an evolutionary link between Malpighian tubule detoxification and the origin of bioluminescence in these Diptera. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Representations of Mental Health Among Middle‐Aged Urban Chinese Men
Authors: Lu Xuan‐Wei , Chauhan Apurv , Campbell Catherine 
Published: February 2015

AbstractLittle is understood by the ideas that urban Chinese population holds about mental health. Insufficient research and recognition of mental illnesses, and a dearth of social resources for mental health support and promotion limit understandings of how daily life stresses restrict the quality of life of China's urban population. Drawing on in‐depth interviews with 15 middle‐age urban men, we map out men's accounts of how they battle to cope with the demands of everyday social, political, and familial pressures. The study reveals that the representations of mental health are shaped by notions of control over emotions, adherence to Confucian philosophy, familial obligations, and the need to demonstrate social obedience and conformity. Data also suggest that the participants represent stable family support along with healthy social interactions as important enabling factors of positive mental health, whereas pressures of modernity are regarded as significant disruptive factors in mental health. The theory of social representations guides the process as well as analytic interpretations of this research. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trans‐pulmonary echocardiography as a guide for device closure of patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Kudo Yoshiyuki , Suda Kenji , Yoshimoto Hironaga , Teramachi Yozo , Kishimoto Shintaro , Iemura Motofumi , Matsuishi Toyojiro 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop trans‐pulmonary echocardiography (TPE) to guide device closure of patent ductus arteriosus (DC‐PDA).BackgroundAortography requires a large amount of contrast yet may give us an inadequate image to evaluate anatomy or residual shunt in patients with large PDA or dilated vessels and is precluded in patients with renal dysfunction. Practically, there is no imaging modality to monitor the entire procedure except for trans‐esophageal echocardiography that requires general anesthesia.MethodsSubjects were seven patients with ages ranged from 6‐ to 77‐years old and body weight > 15 kg. The size of the PDA ranged from 1.8 to 6.3 mm with pulmonary to systemic flow ratios from 1.2 to 2.2. During DC‐PDA using Ampaltzer Duct Occluder or coil, an intra‐cardiac echocardiographic (ICE) catheter was advanced into pulmonary arteries and standard views were developed to guide DC‐PDA.ResultsWe have developed two standard views; the main pulmonary artery view (MPA view) and the left pulmonary artery view (LPA view). The MPA view provided aortic short axis view equivalent to that seen by trans‐thoracic echocardiography in children. The LPA view, obtained by the echo probe in the LPA and turned it up upside down, provided long axis view of the PDA allowing more precise anatomical evaluation. TPE allowed us to monitor the entire procedure and determine residual shunts.ConclusionsTPE in the MPA and LPA view can be an effective guide for DC‐PDA. This report leads to new application of this imaging device. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hierarchical CaCO3 Chromatography: A Stationary Phase Based on Biominerals
Authors: Sato Kosuke , Oaki Yuya , Takahashi Daisuke , Toshima Kazunobu , Imai Hiroaki 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn biomineralization, acidic macromolecules play important roles for the growth control of crystals through a specific interaction. Inspired by this interaction, we report on an application of the hierarchical structures in CaCO3 biominerals to a stationary phase of chromatography. The separation and purification of acidic small organic molecules are achieved by thin‐layer chromatography and flash chromatography using the powder of biominerals as the stationary phase. The unit nanocrystals and their oriented assembly, the hierarchical structure, are suitable for the adsorption site of the target organic molecules and the flow path of the elution solvents, respectively. The separation mode is ascribed to the specific adsorption of the acidic molecules on the crystal face and the coordination of the functional groups to the calcium ions. The results imply that a new family of stationary phase of chromatography can be developed by the fine tuning of hierarchical structures in CaCO3 materials.
Pd‐Catalyzed Enantiodivergent and Regiospecific phospha‐Michael Addition of Diphenylphosphine to 4‐oxo‐Enamides: Efficient Access to Chiral Phosphinocarboxamides and Their Analogues
Authors: Chew Renta Jonathan , Li Xi‐Rui , Li Yongxin , Pullarkat Sumod A. , Leung Pak‐Hing 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe palladacycle‐catalyzed asymmetric PH addition of 4‐oxo‐enamides has been developed, which provides efficient access to phosphinocarboxamides and their analogues. Solvent‐mediated reversal of stereoselectivity (ee from +96 % to −92 %) was observed, and the underlying mechanism that allows facile access to both enantiomers of the product by judicious choice of solvents is revealed.
Hypervalent‐Iodine‐Mediated Cascade Annulation of Diarylalkynes Forming Spiro Heterocycles under Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Yang Chao , Zhang‐Negrerie Daisy , Du Yunfei 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAn unusual reaction featuring the cascade annulation of internal alkynes to afford spiro heterocycles as the products has been realized for the first time with a hypervalent iodine reagent as the only oxidant. This unprecedented process encompasses not only two sequential CN/CO‐bond formations, but also the insertion of a carbonyl oxygen, all in one pot under metal‐free conditions.
Joint carrier frequency offset and channel estimation for OFDM systems with two receive antennas
Authors: Al‐Bayati A. K. S. , Smadi M. A. , Saraereh O. A. , Nimrat A. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryCarrier frequency offset (CFO) in OFDM systems results in loss of channel orthogonality and hence degrades the system's performance. In this paper, we propose a new method for joint CFO/channel estimation for OFDM systems with two receive antennas. Our method avoids the complexity of full search methods in one or two dimensions. Using one training OFDM symbol and utilizing the knowledge of the structure of the inter‐channel interference that results from CFO, we develop a two‐stage estimation procedure. The first stage derives an initial CFO/channel estimate based on a one shot minimization step. The second stage refines this joint estimate by conducting a small CFO search in the vicinity of the initial estimate. This procedure provides CFO estimates over a full range of −N/2–N/2, (N: number of subcarriers), as well as the channel estimates. Computer simulations show an excellent performance that is very close to the Cramer–Rao lower bound and superior to some existing methods. The effect of antenna correlation on performance is also investigated through computer simulations, showing small performance degradation even at medium correlation coefficients (0.3–0.6). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of Trypanosoma cruziDNA in blood by PCR is associated with Chagas cardiomyopathy and disease severity
Authors: Sabino E. C. , Ribeiro A. L. , Lee T. H , Oliveira C. L. , Carneiro‐Proietti A. B. , Antunes A. P. , Menezes M. M. , Ianni B. M. , Salemi V. M. , Nastari L. , Fernandes F. , Sachdev V. , Carrick D. M. , Deng X. , Wright D. , Gonçalez T. T. , Murphy E. L. , Custer B. , Busch M.P. ,   for the Chagas Study Group of the NHLBI Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II (REDS‐II), International Component
Published: February 2015

BackgroundThe significance of detection of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in blood of antibody‐positive patients for risk of development of Chagas heart disease is not well established. The objective of this study was to compare detection of T. cruzi DNA with known clinical and laboratory markers of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC) severity.MethodsThis is a case–control study nested within a retrospective cohort developed in Brazil to understand the natural history of Chagas disease. The study enrolled 499 T. cruzi seropositive blood donors (SP‐BD) and 488 frequency matched seronegative control donors (SN‐BD) who had donated between 1996 and 2002, and 101 patients with clinically diagnosed CC. In 2008–2010 all enrolled subjects underwent a health questionnaire, medical examination, electrocardiograms and echocardiograms and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. A blinded panel of three cardiologists adjudicated the outcome of CC. Trypanosoma cruzi kinetoplast minicircle sequences were amplified by real‐time PCR using an assay with a sensitivity of one parasite per 20 mL of blood. All testing was performed on coded samples.ResultsRates of PCR detection of T. cruzi DNA were significantly (P = 0.003) higher in CC patients and SP‐BD diagnosed with CC (79/105 [75.2 %]) compared with SP‐BD without CC (143/279 [51.3%]). The presence of parasitaemia was significantly associated with known markers of disease progression such as QRS and QT interval duration, lower left ventricular ejection fraction, higher left ventricular index mass, and elevated troponin and NTpro‐BNP levels.ConclusionTrypanosoma cruzi PCR positivity is associated with presence and severity of cardiomyopathy, suggesting a direct role of parasite persistence in disease pathogenesis.
Homogeneity Range of the Zirconium Phosphide Telluride Zr2+xPTe2 and the High‐Temperature Phase Transformation to Zr2PTe
Authors: Scholz Tanja , Schmidt Peer 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe synthesis of the phosphide telluride Zr2+xPTe2 was accomplished by a solid‐state reaction from the elements. Le Bail refinements of the data from the as‐synthesized crystalline powders as well as the thermal decomposition of Zr2PTe2 along the homogeneity range Zr2+xPTe2 with the release of P4(g) and Te2(g) evidence a maximum zirconium content corresponding to the composition Zr2.5PTe2. The thermal decomposition product of Zr2.5PTe2 undergoes a phase transformation to “Zr2PTe”, which adopts the structural motif of the binary phases ZrTe and ZrTe2. The new phase “Zr2PTe” has a wide homogeneity range Zr2–xP1–yTe1+y and tolerates a deficit in the cation position and a mixed occupation of the anions. The composition of the crystalline decomposition product was determined to be Zr1.95P0.84Te1.16 by Rietveld refinement and by analysis of the elemental composition by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES). Zr1.95P0.84Te1.16 crystallizes in the hexagonal space group P63/mmc (no. 194) with lattice constants a = 3.8726(1) Å and c = 13.008(1) Å.
Isolation and Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Fungal Secondary Metabolite Hygrophorone B12
Authors: Bette Eileen , Otto Alexander , Dräger Tobias , Merzweiler Kurt , Arnold Norbert , Wessjohann Ludger , Westermann Bernhard 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHygrophorone B12, a new antifungal constituent from the fruiting bodies of Hygrophorus abieticola, has been isolated and subsquently synthesized in enantiomerically pure form. The total synthesis includes a Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation protocol as the stereodifferentiating step, followed by two diastereoselective aldol‐type reactions. The approach allows the unambiguous control of all three stereogenic centres, and, furthermore, unequivocal determination of the relative and absolute configuration of antibiotic hygrophorones B for the first time.
Ambulance services as part of the district health system in low‐income countries: a feasibility study from Cambodia
Authors: Jacobs Bart , Men Cheanrithy , Sam Oeun Sam , Postma Sjoerd 
Published: February 2015

SummaryBackgroundEmergency referral care is considered an essential component of the district health system. Nevertheless, the establishment of effective and durable transport arrangements of such referral care by use of an ambulance is considered controversial in low‐income countries.ObjectiveWe aim to assess the extent to which an ambulance service as part of the district health system is feasible in rural Cambodia.MethodsIn a rural health district, we assessed the population's perception of the ambulance service, its recurrent costs requirements, government financial contribution to its operations, profile and medical conditions of ambulance (non)users, reasons for (non)use of the ambulance and contextual factors required for the ambulance services to operate. This observation was obtained through nine key informant interviews, five focus group discussions, structured interviews with 225 caretakers of admitted patients, a 1‐month census of admitted emergency cases and assessment of annual recurrent costs for the ambulance services.ResultsThe ambulance services were well received by the population and authorities and appeared to reinforce an appreciation of the hospital. Ambulance services were mainly used by the poor and by women, especially for emergency obstetric care. Less than half the number of transported patients, 44%, was considered a medical emergency. The direct cost to the hospital per collected emergency case was $34.4.ConclusionWhen certain conditions are met, effective ambulance services can be an integral part of the district health system and positively contribute to the population's appreciation of the hospital services and respective district health system. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Chinese Approach Toward Cross‐Border Bankruptcy Proceedings: One Progressive Step Ahead
Authors: Tu Guangjian , Li Xiaolin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe birth of the law on enterprise bankruptcy of the People's Republic of China in 2006 was highly acclaimed. It was generally regarded as a modernized comprehensive legislative work at home and abroad. The “territorialism” approach adopted therein respecting foreign bankruptcy proceedings, however, has received floods of criticism ever since. It has left a great legal vacuum for the protection of foreign bankrupt debtor's assets in China. Foreign investors, however, may see dawn and have their confidence restored after the recent decision of the Supreme People's Court in the well‐known case of Thumb Environmental Technology Group v Sino‐Environment Technology Group, which was made on 11 June 2014. From this case on, with some limitations, the legitimate powers of foreign bankruptcy administrators might normally be ensured once foreign bankruptcy proceedings are initiated in the place of registration or place of principal business of the foreign debtor, whereby foreign administrators will be able to take effective measures to investigate, protect and dispose of the bankrupt's assets located within the Chinese territory.
Handheld photoacoustic probe to detect both melanoma depth and volume at high speed in vivo
Authors: Zhou Yong , Li Guo , Zhu Liren , Li Chiye , Cornelius Lynn A. , Wang Lihong V. 
Published: February 2015

We applied a linear‐array‐based photoacoustic probe to detect melanin‐containing melanoma tumor depth and volume in nude mice in vivo. This system can image melanomas at five frames per second (fps), which is much faster than our previous handheld single transducer system (0.1 fps). We first theoretically show that, in addition to the higher frame rate, almost the entire boundary of the melanoma can be detected by the linear‐array‐based probe, while only the horizontal boundary could be detected by the previous system. Then we demonstrate the ability of this linear‐array‐based system in measuring both the depth and volume of melanoma through phantom, ex vivo, and in vivo experiments. The volume detection ability also enables us to accurately calculate the rate of growth of the tumor, which is an important parameter in quantifying the tumor activity. Our results show that this system can be used for clinical melanoma diagnosis and treatment in humans at the bedside.
Linear‐array‐based PA images of melanoma acquired in vivo on day 3 (a) and day 6 (b).magnified imageLinear‐array‐based PA images of melanoma acquired in vivo on day 3 (a) and day 6 (b).
New couplings, old problems: Is there a role for ceramic‐on‐metal hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Cadossi Matteo , Mazzotti Antonio , Baldini Nicola , Giannini Sandro , Savarino Lucia 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCeramic‐on‐metal (CoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) theoretically combines both the advantages of ceramic‐on‐ceramic (CoC) and metal‐on‐metal (MoM) bearings: negligible rupture risk of the liner with a limited ion release. As primary endpoint, we asked whether serum cobalt, chromium and molybdenum concentrations in 20 CoM‐THA patients at an average of 3‐years follow‐up were higher than those measured in the pre‐operative population and correlate with clinical/radiological parameters. As secondary endpoint, we wanted to verify whether ion levels in CoM‐THA patients were different from those obtained in a similar cohort of 29 MoM‐THA patients at the same average follow‐up. Ion values were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Functional outcome was assessed with Harris Hip Score and UCLA scale. Presence of radiographic radiolucencies around the implant, and acetabular inclination angle were evaluated. Chromium and cobalt levels in CoM‐THA patients were significantly higher (p < 0.001) at 3‐years follow‐up than before surgery. Molybdenum concentrations were not significantly different (p = 0.45). No signs of implant loosening were recorded. Functional outcome was excellent with HHS and UCLA scale rising from 50 and 3.6 pre‐operatively to 90.8 and 6.3, respectively at 3‐years follow‐up (p < 0.001). Chromium serum levels were significantly lower in CoM‐THA than in MoM‐THA group (p = 0.02) while cobalt values, even if lower, did not reach statistically significance (p = 0.054). Our results show that CoM‐THA patients achieve excellent clinical outcome with a limited chromium release at 3‐years follow‐up. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 204–209, 2016.
Orthoptic and video‐oculographic analyses in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy
Authors: Renard Dimitri , Ferraro Adelaide , Lorenzini Marie‐Celine , Jeanjean Luc , Portal Marie‐Claire , Llinares Elisabeth , Labauge Pierre , Castelnovo Giovanni 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Mild ophthalmoparesis can be seen in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD). Methods: Orthoptic analysis included assessment of phoria/tropia, eye excursion, saccades, pursuit, stereoacuity, and Hess–Lancaster screen test. Video‐oculography included fixation, horizontal and vertical saccades, and pursuit. Results: Orthoptic abnormalities were: tropia (4 of 6); abnormal eye excursion (4 of 6, 78% involved lateral or superior rectus muscles); abnormal horizontal or vertical saccades (2 of 6); abnormal pursuit (0 of 6); abnormal stereoacuity (2 of 6); and pathological Hess–Lancaster screen (4 of 6). Video‐oculographic abnormalities were present for: fixation (1 of 6); saccade latency (1 of 6); horizontal pursuit (3 of 6); and vertical pursuit (0 of 6). For horizontal saccades, mean velocity, peak velocity, and gain were pathological in 5 of 6, 5 of 6 (61% of pathological mean and peak velocities involved abducting eye movements), and 3 of 6, respectively. For vertical saccades, mean velocity, peak velocity, and gain were pathological in 4 of 6, 4 of 6 (53% involved upward movements), and 3 of 6, respectively. Conclusion: The data indicate preferential involvement of lateral and (to a lesser degree) superior rectus muscles in OPMD. Muscle Nerve 52: 554–558, 2015
Soleus and lateral gastrocnemius H‐reflexes during standing with unstable footwear
Authors: Friesenbichler Bernd , Lepers Romuald , Maffiuletti Nicola A. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Unstable footwear has been shown to increase lower extremity muscle activity, but the reflex response to perturbations induced by this intervention is unknown. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects stood in stable and unstable footwear conditions (presented randomly) while H‐reflex amplitude and background muscle activity were measured in the soleus and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles. Results: Wearing unstable footwear resulted in larger H‐reflexes (normalized to the maximal M‐wave) for the LG (+12%; P = 0.025), but not for the soleus (+4%; P > 0.05). Background activity of both muscles was significantly higher in the unstable condition. Conclusions: The H‐reflex facilitation observed with unstable footwear was unexpected, as challenging postural conditions usually result in reflex depression. Increased muscle activity, decreased presynaptic inhibition, and/or more forward postural position may have (over‐)compensated the expected reflex depression. Differences between LG and soleus H‐reflex modulation may be due to diverging motor unit recruitment thresholds. Muscle Nerve 51:764–766, 2015