bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Borderline personality disorder and risk of atrial fibrillation: insights from a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhou Wenzhe , Wang Zhimiao , Hu Hesheng , Shi Yugen , Wang Qiubo , Xue Mei 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common form of arrhythmia. Previous studies have shown a link between AF and mental illness. However, the causal relationship between mental illness and AF remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bidirectional causal relationship between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and AF.MethodWe used the bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) method to evaluate the causal relationship between BPD and AF. Instrumental variables associated with BPD were derived from a genome-wide association study involving 214,816 Europeans (2,637 cases and 212,179 controls). We then obtained atrial fibrillation data from the GWAS meta-analysis (60,620 cases and 970,216 controls). The TSMR analyses were performed in five methods, namely fixed-effect inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method、random-effect IVW method, MR Egger regression method, Weighted median method and Simple mode method. Several sensitivity analyses are used to test the robustness of positive results.ResultsThe fixed-effect inverse-variance weighted model [Odds ratio (OR), 1.033, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.011-1.056, P = 0.0031], random-effect inverse-variance weighted model (OR, 1.033; 95%CI, 1.005-1.062; P = 0.0191) and Weighted median (OR, 1.034; 95%CI, 1.002-1.068; P = 0.0394) all showed that genetically predicted BPD was associated with an increased risk of AF. Sensitivity analysis using other MR Methods, including the MR-Egger intercept, MR-Presso method, and leave-one-out analyses, showed that the results were robust. In reverse MR analysis, there was no causal relationship of AF on BPD.ConclusionOur study provides a causal relationship between BPD and AF. This means that patients with BPD should be monitored for the occurrence of AF. Early screening and proper management of BPD may show anti-arrhythmic benefits.
The relationship between quality of life, sleep quality, mental health, and physical activity in an international sample of college students: a structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Moussa-Chamari Imen , Farooq Abdulaziz , Romdhani Mohamed , Washif Jad Adrian , Bakare Ummukulthoum , Helmy Mai , Al-Horani Ramzi A. , Salamh Paul , Robin Nicolas , Hue Olivier 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveWe assessed the direct and indirect relationships between sleep quality, mental health, and physical activity with quality of life (QOL) in college and university students.MethodsIn a cross-sectional design, 3,380 college students (60% females; age = 22.7 ± 5.4) from four continents (Africa: 32%; America: 5%; Asia: 46%; and Europe: 15%; others: 2%) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Insomnia Severity Index (ISI); Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS); the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 (DASS); the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short-form (IPAQ); and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-Brief).ResultsWe showed that sleep quality, insomnia, and depression had direct negative effects on the physical domain of QOL (β = −0.22, −0.19, −0.31, respectively, p &lt; 0.001). There was a strong negative direct association between depression and the psychological domain of QOL (β = −0.60, z = −22.21, p &lt; 0.001). Both stress and PSQI had direct effects on social relationships QOL (β = 0.11; z = 4.09; and β = −0.13; z = −7.40, respectively, p &lt; 0.001). However, depression had the strongest direct impact on social relationships QOL (β = −0.41, z = −15.79, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe overall QOL of university students is associated with their sleep quality, mental health, and physical activity warranting further interventional studies aiming at improving students’ quality of life.
Effects of mind–body therapies on depression among adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Shulai , Mei Zhengyang , Fang Guisong , Mu Guogang , Zhang Xiuying , Luo Shi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundDepression poses significant threats to adolescents’ health globally. Research has shown the potential of mind–body therapies to alleviate depression, but limited studies have directly compared the therapeutic effects of different types of mind–body therapies on adolescent depression and the optimal therapy remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria to explore the effectiveness of different types of mind–body therapies as interventions to improve depression among adolescents, and to identify the most effective interventions.MethodsA comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus up to January 2024 was conducted to assess the impact of mind–body therapies on depression among adolescents. The risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated using Cochrane Review Manager 5.4. STATA 18.0 was used for network meta-analysis. The node-splitting method was used to test the local inconsistency of the network meta-analysis. Funnel plots and the Egger’s test were utilized to assess the potential impact of bias in this study.ResultThis network meta-analysis included 9 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 955 subjects. The results indicated that yoga, dance therapy and Tai Chi were more effective than other mind–body therapies in reducing symptoms of depression among adolescents. Specifically, according to the SUCRA ranking, yoga was rated to be the optimal intervention for adolescents with depression (SCURA: 82.2%), followed by dance therapy (SCURA: 77.5%) and Tai Chi (SCURA: 64.9%).ConclusionThis study revealed that mind–body therapies have positive effects on improving depression among adolescents. Yoga may be the most effective intervention among the different types of mind–body therapies. However, due to the small sample size of patients included, the certainty of the results was limited to some extent. Therefore, further investigation is necessary to strengthen the evidence base when more relevant studies become available.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024508774.
Investigating the association between tobacco use and oral health among security guards at a tertiary healthcare centre in New Delhi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chauhan Neha , Paul Sarah , Bhadauria Upendra Singh , Purohit Bharathi M. , Duggal Ritu , Barma Manali Deb , Agarwal Deepali , Bhukal Anuradha , Sasidharan S , Shukla Pallavi , Khan Maroof , Shenoy Ramya , Malhotra Sumit , Priya Harsh 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundTobacco usage is a major global public health concern, contributing to millions of deaths annually. This study focuses on security guards, an occupational group facing unique challenges, to investigate tobacco prevalence, usage patterns, and associated oral health risks.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among security guards at a Tertiary Health Care Centre, from October 2022 to February 2023. Data on demographics, tobacco habits, and comorbidities were collected via a structured questionnaire. Clinical oral examinations provisionally diagnosed Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) based on clinical findings. Appropriate Statistical analyses were employed.ResultsAmong 696 security guards, 40.1% used tobacco, including 15.0% smokers and 74.5% engaging in smokeless tobacco. Additionally, 10.3% reported using both smoking and smokeless forms. Non-tobacco users accounted for 59.9%. Tobacco users showed a higher prevalence of OPMDs (11.4%) compared to non-tobacco users (1.4%).DiscussionSecurity guards demonstrated a higher tobacco prevalence, with smokeless tobacco being predominant. Gender disparities in tobacco use emphasize the need for gender-specific interventions. The study highlights the significant impact of tobacco on oral health, especially the risk of OPMDs.ConclusionA high prevalence of tobacco usage (40.1%), particularly smokeless tobacco, among security guards, emphasizes the importance of targeted interventions within this occupational group. Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) were significantly more prevalent (11.4%) in tobacco users. The association between tobacco usage and OPMDs reaffirms the well-established association between tobacco and adverse oral health outcomes.
Bioactivation of cinnamic alcohol in a reconstructed human epidermis model and evaluation of sensitizing potency of the identified metabolites
Authors: Ndreu Lorena , Carlsson Josefine , Ponting David J. , Niklasson Ida B. , Stéen E. Johanna L. , McHugh Lukas , O’Boyle Niamh M. , Luthman Kristina , Karlberg Ann-Therese , Karlsson Isabella 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCinnamic alcohol is a natural compound, widely used in fragrances, which can cause allergic contact dermatitis. Cinnamic alcohol lacks intrinsic reactivity and autoxidation or metabolic activation is necessary for it to act as a sensitizer.MethodsBioactivation of cinnamic alcohol was explored using human liver microsomes, human liver S9 and SkinEthic™ Reconstructed Human Epidermis. A targeted multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry method was employed to study and quantify cinnamic alcohol along with eight potential phase I or phase II metabolites. The reconstructed human epidermis model, treated with cinnamic alcohol, was also analyzed with a non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry method to identify metabolites not included in the targeted method.ResultsTwo metabolites identified with the targeted method, namely, pOH-cinnamic alcohol and pOH-cinnamic aldehyde, have not previously been identified in a metabolic in vitro system. Their reactivity toward biologically relevant nucleophiles was investigated and compared to their sensitizing potency in vivo in the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA). According to the LLNA, the pOH-cinnamic alcohol is non-sensitizing and pOH-cinnamic aldehyde is a moderate sensitizer. This makes pOH-cinnamic aldehyde less sensitizing than cinnamic aldehyde, which has been found to be a strong sensitizer in the LLNA. This difference in sensitizing potency was supported by the reactivity experiments. Cinnamic sulfate, previously proposed as a potential reactive metabolite of cinnamic alcohol, was not detected in any of the incubations. In addition, experiments examining the reactivity of cinnamic sulfate toward a model peptide revealed no evidence of adduct formation. The only additional metabolite that could be identified with the non-targeted method was a dioxolan derivative. Whether or not this metabolite, or one of its precursors, could contribute to the sensitizing potency of cinnamic alcohol would need further investigation.DiscussionCinnamic alcohol is one of the most common fragrance allergens and as it is more effective to patch test with the actual sensitizer than with the prohapten itself, it is important to identify metabolites with sensitizing potency. Further, improved knowledge of metabolic transformations occurring in the skin can improve prediction models for safety assessment of skin products.
Breath-by-breath assessment of acute pulmonary edema using electrical impedance tomography, spirometry and volumetric capnography in a sheep (Ovis Aries) model
Authors: Raisis Anthea , Mosing Martina , Sacks Muriel , Hosgood Giselle , Schramel Johannes , Blumer Sarah , Böhm Stephan H. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe bedside diagnosis of acute pulmonary edema is challenging. This study evaluated the breath-by-breath information from electrical impedance tomography (EIT), respiratory mechanics and volumetric capnography (VCap) to assess acute pulmonary edema induced by xylazine administration in anesthetized sheep.ObjectiveTo determine the ability and efficiency of each monitoring modality in detecting changes in lung function associated with onset of pulmonary edema.MethodsTwenty healthy ewes were anesthetized, positioned in sternal (prone) recumbency and instrumented. Synchronized recordings of EIT, spirometry and VCap were performed for 60 s prior to start of injection, during xylazine injection over 60 s (0–60 s) and continuously for 1 min (60–120 s) after the end of injection. After visual assessment of the recorded mean variables, statistical analysis was performed using a mixed effect model for repeated measures with Bonferroni’s correction for multiple comparisons, to determine at which breath after start of injection the variable was significantly different from baseline. A significant change over time was defined as an adjusted p &lt; 0.05. All statistics were performed using GraphPad Prism 0.1.0.ResultsElectrical impedance tomography showed significant changes from baseline in all but two variables. These changes were observed simultaneously during xylazine injection at 48 s and were consistent with development of edema in dependent lung (decreased end-expiratory lung impedance, ventilation in centro-ventral and ventral lung region) and shift of ventilation into non-dependent lung (decreased non-dependent silent spaces and increased center of ventilation ventral to dorsal and increased ventilation in centro-dorsal and dorsal lung region). All changes in lung mechanics also occurred during injection, including decreased dynamic respiratory system compliance and increased peak expiratory flow, peak inspiratory pressure and airway resistance at 48, 54 and 60 s, respectively. Changes in VCap variables were delayed with all occurring after completion of the injection.ConclusionIn this model of pulmonary edema, EIT detected significant and rapid change in all assessed variables of lung function with changes in regional ventilation indicative of pulmonary edema. Volumetric capnography complemented the EIT findings, while respiratory mechanics were not specific to lung edema. Thus, EIT offers the most comprehensive method for pulmonary edema evaluation, including the assessment of ventilation distribution, thereby enhancing diagnostic capabilities.
Prevalence and subtypes of Blastocystis in wild rodents from three provinces in China
Authors: Gao Zhen-Qiu , Wang Hai-Tao , Hou Qing-Yu , Qin Ya , Yang Xing , Zhao Quan , Ma He 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionBlastocystis is one of the most critical intestinal protozoans in various hosts, including humans and mice. To determine the status of Blastocystis infection in wild rodents in China.MethodsA total of 344 faecal samples were collected from seven wild rodent species from three provinces, and the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) genes of Blastocystis were amplified to determine their prevalence and subtypes.ResultsOf the 344 samples, 54 (15.70%) were detected as Blastocystis-positive. The prevalence of Blastocystis was 26.14% (40/153), 7.95% (7/88), and 6.80% (7/103) in wild rodents from Hunan Province, Yunnan Province, and Guangxi Province, respectively. The prevalence of Blastocystis in different wild rodent species varied from 0.00% (0/13) in Mus musculus to 40.00% (2/5) in Rattus rattus sladeni. The prevalence of Blastocystis in samples from the lake beach area (27.40%, 40/146) was significantly higher than in those from the mountain (6.80%, 7/103) and field regions (7.37%, 7/95). The prevalence in different seasons was 26.14% in summer (40/153), 7.95% in autumn (7/88), and 6.80% in winter (7/103). Moreover, a total of two Blastocystis subtypes were identified in the investigated wild rodents, including ST4 and ST5.DiscussionThe present study discovered the existence of Blastocystis infection in Rattus favipectus, Microtus fortis, Apodemus agrarius, Bandicota indica, Rattus rattus sladeni, and Rattus losea, expanding the host range of this parasite. The findings also demonstrate that wild rodents may be an important potential infection source for Blastocystis infection in humans and other animals.
ESTIMACIONES DEL OPERADOR MAXIMAL ASOCIADO A MEDIDAS NO DOBLANTES
Authors: Chávez Macías Yoconda Magdalena , Infante Linares Adrián Ramón 
Published: July 2024

Este artículo estudiamos la propiedad de acotación del operador maximal de Hardy-Littlewood no centrado , asociado a diferentes tipos de medidas . Una medidas es doblante si existen constantes tales que , con es la bola de de centro y radio , el operador maximal asociado a una medida doblante es acotado de tipo (1,1). Cuando la medida no es doblante el operador maximal no es necesariamente acotado, por ejemplo el operador maximal asociado a la medida gaussiana, , no es acotado. Damos una extensión del resultado de la acotación del operador maximal definidos sobre todos los cubos de y asociado a una clase de medidas absolutamente continua con respecto a la medida de Lebesgue, demostrando que el resultado de acotación también se cumple en dimensión mayor y demostramos una desigualdad en cuasi-norma para este caso.
Atención plena para disminuir la sintomatología de TDAH en escolares de Perú
Authors: Lanchipa Cori Jorge Luis , Porras Roque María Soledad , Centella-Centeno Daniel Martin 
Published: July 2024

El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad se caracteriza por presentar síntomas de inatención, impulsividad e hiperactividad. La estrategia de atención plena puede ser una poderosa herramienta para contrarrestarlo al mejorar la capacidad de atención, concentración y autorregulación emocional. Objetivo. Determinar la efectividad de la atención plena como estrategia para disminuir la sintomatología de TDAH en escolares entre 6 a 12 años de Tacna, Perú. Material y método. Estudio cuantitativo de tipo experimental y corte longitudinal. Se llevó a cabo en el año 2023. La muestra estuvo constituida por 613 escolares pertenecientes a instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Tacna de Cono Norte y Sur. Se recolectó la información mediante la técnica de la encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario sobre TDAH y uno sobre atención plena, este último usado como pre y post test. Se realizó la prueba de Wilcoxon, con una significancia del 95% y un valor p<0,05 como estadísticamente significativo. Resultados. Tienen nivel alto de inatención el 9,6 %, de impulsividad el 3,1 % y de hiperactividad el 2,3 %. Luego de ejecutarse 10 sesiones basadas en la atención plena, se logró mejor el nivel de satisfacción de un 51,4% (que había en el pre-test) a un 73,6% (en el post-test). Conclusiones. La aplicación de la estrategia de atención plena tuvo un efecto positivo y consistente en la disminución de la sintomatología de TDAH. Estos hallazgos respaldan la implementación de este tipo de intervenciones en el ámbito escolar para beneficiar a los estudiantes con esta condición.
Ultrasound Controllable Release of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: He Hongye , Li Feng , Tang Rui , Wu Nianhong , Zhou Ying , Cao Yuting , Wang Can , Wan Li , Zhou Yang , Zhuang Hua , Li Pan 
Published: July 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a special subtype of breast cancer, which is highly aggressive and incurable. Here, we proposed an ultrasound activatable bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) release strategy for the first time for precisely controlled protein degradation in preclinical TNBC model. Through combination of PROTAC and ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technology, the present strategy also aims to concurrently solve the major limitations of poor loading capacity of microbubbles and undesirable targeting and membrane permeability of PROTAC. PROTAC (ARV-825)-encapsulated microbubbles, ARV-MBs, were developed for the efficacious treatment of TNBC in vitro and in vivo. The microbubbles we synthesized showed ultrasound-responsive drug release ability, which could effectively promote the penetration of PROTAC into tumor site and tumor cell. Under ultrasound, ARV-MBs could play an effective antitumor effect by potentiating the ubiquitination and degradation of BRD4 in tumor. The current study may provide a new idea for promoting clinical translation of drug-loaded microbubbles and PROTAC, and offer a new efficacious therapeutic modality for TNBC.
Deep Learning for Strain Field Customization in Bioreactor with Dielectric Elastomer Actuator Array
Authors: Wang Jue , Sarkar Dhirodaatto , Mohan Atulya , Lee Mina , Ma Zeyu , Chortos Alex 
Published: July 2024

In the field of biomechanics, customizing complex strain fields according to specific requirements poses an important challenge for bioreactor technology, primarily due to the intricate coupling and nonlinear actuation of actuator arrays, which complicates the precise control of strain fields. This paper introduces a bioreactor designed with a 9 × 9 array of independently controllable dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), addressing this challenge. We employ image regression-based machine learning for both replicating target strain fields through inverse control and rapidly predicting feasible strain fields generated by the bioreactor in response to control inputs via forward control. To generate training data, a finite element analysis (FEA) simulation model was developed. In the FEA, the device was prestretched, followed by the random assignment of voltages to each pixel, yielding 10,000 distinct output strain field images for the training set. For inverse control, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) is utilized to predict control inputs from images, whereas, for forward control, MLP maps control inputs to low-resolution images, which are then upscaled to high-resolution outputs through a super-resolution generative adversarial network (SRGAN). Demonstrations include inputting biomechanically significant strain fields, where the method successfully replicated the intended fields. Additionally, by using various tumor–stroma interfaces as inputs, the bioreactor demonstrated its ability to customize strain fields accordingly, showcasing its potential as an advanced testbed for tumor biomechanics research.
Manusia sebagai Homo Digitalis
Authors: Taneo Rolin Ferdilianto Sandelgus 
Published: July 2024

There is a new term or embedding given to humans when they enter the 21st century, namely Homo Digitalis. This term is reasonable because dependence on technology has become a trend in this era. Humans seem to depend on technology for all aspects of their lives. Technology is good because it makes things easier for people, but if it is not used wisely, the potential for damage exists. Even so, the presence of technology has still really helped humans. The church felt it, too. Theology as a science has the task of discussing this phenomenon. Therefore, this article will utilize literature studies and Public Theology approaches to dissect the issue of Homo Digitalis and throw it into the digital space. Human dislocation in the digital space is a fact, and this is a finding and recommendation for developing other research related to this issue. The ultimate goal of this article is to become an instrument for churches and congregations to respond to technological developments.
Ada istilah atau penyematan baru yang diberikan kepada manusia ketika memasuki abad 21 ini yaitu Homo Digitalis. Istilah ini sebenarnya beralasan sebab di era ini ketergantungan terhadap teknologi sudah merupakan trend. Manusia seperti menggantungkan seluruh aspek kehidupannya kepada teknologi. Hadirnya teknologi sebenarnya baik karena memudahkan manusia tetapi jika tidak secara arif digunakan maka potensi merusak itu ada. Sekalipun demikian, tetap saja kehadiran teknologi sudah amat membantu manusia. Gereja pun turut merasakannya. Teologi sebagai ilmu pengetahuan punya tugas mendiskusikan fenomena ini. Karena itu, tulisan ini akan menggunakan metode studi literatur dan pendekatan teologi publik dalam membedah isu Homo Digitalis dan keterlemparannya di ruang digital. Keterlemparan manusia di ruang digital merupakan fakta yang benar adanya dan ini menjadi temuan dan rekomendasi untuk pengembangan penelitian lain terkait isu ini. Tujuannya akhir dari tulisan ini yakni menjadi instrumen bagi gereja dan jemaat di dalam menyikapi perkembangan teknologi.