bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structure and Photoluminescence of Lanthanide Metal‐Organic Frameworks, Ln4(TDC)6(DMF)4(H2O)2, where TDC2− = thiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxylate, DMF = N,N‐dimethylformamide
Authors: Tsai Cherng‐Shiaw , Chen Wan‐Ting , Liao Ju‐Hsiou 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA series of lanthanide metal‐organic frameworks, Ln4(TDC)6(DMF)4(H2O)2, where Ln = Nd (1), Sm (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), TDC2− = thiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxylate, have been synthesized at 80 °C in mixed H2O/DMF. Structural characterizations by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography reveal that 1∼4 are isomorphous and adopt three‐dimensional frameworks which are constructed by cross‐linking Ln3+ ions with thiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxylates as bridging ligands. These frameworks feature rhomboidal channels, inside which coordinated DMF solvent molecules are located. Thermogravimetric analyses suggest solvent molecules can be removed at about ca. 340 °C. Photoluminescence studies indicate TDC2− ligand shows excellent antenna effect for the europium(III) MOF (3), which exhibits intense characteristic europium(III) emissions upon excitation at μex = 306 nm.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Thermal Stability of A One‐Dimensional Chain‐like Coordination Polymer, [Fe(bpno)2(NCS)3]
Authors: Chiu Hsiu‐Hui , Shen Mei‐Chi , Wang Chih‐Chieh , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA new polymeric complex, [Fe(bpno)2(NCS)3]n (1) (bpno = 4,4′‐bipyridyl‐N,N′‐dioxide) have been synhesized and structural characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P‐1, with chemical formula C23H16FeN7O4S3, a = 9.0738(5), b = 9.7175(5), c = 15.0329(8) Å, α = 97.668(1), β = 92.581(1) and γ = 102.441(1)°, V = 1279.1(1) and Z = 2. Structural determination reveals that the coordination environment of the iron(III) ion is distorted octahedral, bonded with three oxygen donors of three bpno and three nitrogen donors of three NCS− ligands. The bpno ligands adopt two different coodination modes, a monodentate coordination mode and a bis‐monodentate coordination mode, which links the Fe(III) ions to form a one‐dimensional (1D) zigzag chain‐like coordination polymer. Neighbouring chains are mutually connected via the C‐H···O type hydrogen bonds to form a 2D hydrogen‐bonded layered framework and then extended to a 3D supramolecular architecture via π‐π interaction between the pyridyl rings of bpno ligands and unconventional C‐H···S hydrogen bonding interactions. Compound 1 exhibits moderate thermo‐stability and keeps its crystalline forms up to 190 °C.
A novel process for the recovery of superoxide dismutase from yeast exploiting electroextraction coupled to direct sorption
Authors: Simental‐Martínez Jesús , Vennapusa Rami Reddy , Benavides Jorge , Ganeva Valentina , Galutzov Bojidar , Rito‐Palomares Marco , Fernández‐Lahore Marcelo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis work presents a novel approach for the recovery and purification of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) produced in the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus (NBIMCC 1984). Electroextraction was evaluated as an alternative to bead milling for SOD release. Seven anion exchange resins were studied in order to optimize SOD purification using ion exchange chromatography.ResultsElectroextraction produced an enzyme solution with a specific activity 13 times higher than with mechanical extraction, demonstrating the potential of this novel technique for the selective liberation of SOD. Regarding the anion exchange resins that were studied, Amberlite™ IRA‐96 and Q Sepharose™ XL were chosen as the best options for purifying SOD using chromatography in negative adsorption mode. The process developed, involving electroextraction, enzyme concentration and negative anion exchange chromatography, rendered a highly active and pure SOD preparation (specific activity: 2056 U mg−1 and 66‐fold purification) with an overall recovery yield of 84%.ConclusionThe results presented herein demonstrate the potential of the process developed for the recovery and purification of SOD from the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus (NBIMCC 1984). The preparation obtained could be used in the food industry as an antioxidant agent. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Human capital diversity in the creation of social capital for team creativity
Authors: Han Jing , Han Jian , Brass Daniel J. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryWe highlight the social aspects of team creativity by proposing that team creativity is influenced by two types of team social capital: bridging and bonding social capital. Going beyond the structural perspective, we posit that team‐level human capital diversity is one of the potential antecedents of social capital for team creativity. We suggest that network structures are formed by teammates' interactions, which are largely the result of differences in their individual characteristics. The results of an empirical study using 36 teams of MBA students showed that the interaction of team‐bridging social capital with team‐bonding social capital was positively and significantly related to team creativity. Knowledge variety and knowledge disparity had a joint effect on team‐bridging social capital, and knowledge separation was negatively related to team‐bonding social capital. Moreover, team social capital mediated the effects of knowledge diversity on team creativity. Our study has several important implications for team creativity, social networks, and diversity research. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Results of a 1‐year government‐funded newborn hearing screening program in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Hsin‐Chien , Lee Fei‐Peng , Huang Hung‐Meng 
Published: February 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo establish an ideal operative procedure of universal newborn hearing screening and to investigate whether a government‐funded program increases compliance with such screening.Study DesignIndividual cohort study.MethodsOf the 3,373 neonates born at the Taipei City Hospital during the period August 2009 to July 2010, there were 3,361 who received hearing screening with automatic auditory brainstem response (AABR) 24 to 36 hours after birth. The cost of each procedure (US $16.70) was covered by the Taipei City Health Bureau. The control group comprised 6,582 neonates born at the same hospital during the period January 2003 to December 2004, of whom 5,749 had been screened with transient‐evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE). The cost of each procedure (US $26.70) was paid by the parents of each newborn.ResultsThe incidence of bilateral moderate to severe hearing impairment was 0.06% (two out of 3,361) and 0.10% (six out of 5,749) in the study and the control group, respectively. The incidence of unilateral hearing impairment was 0.09% (three out of 3,361) and 0.19% (11 out of 5,749) respectively. The coverage rate of the study was significantly higher than that of the control group (99.64% vs. 87.34%, P < .001). A significant decrease of the referral rate was achieved in the study group when compared with the control group (0.95% vs. 2.82%, P < .001). The follow‐up rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (100.00% vs. 40.74%, P < .001).ConclusionsThe government‐funded AABR program resulted in markedly better parental compliance with newborn hearing screening than the self‐pay TEOAE screening program.Level of Evidence2b.
Association Between Length of Intubation and Subglottic Stenosis in Children
Authors: Manica Denise , Schweiger Cláudia , Maróstica Paulo José Cauduro , Kuhl Gabriel , Carvalho Paulo Roberto Antonacci 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To investigate the role of the length of intubation and other risk factors in the development of laryngeal lesions in children undergoing endotracheal intubation in an intensive care unit and to determine the incidence of subglottic stenosis (SGS).Study Design:Prospective study.Methods:Children aged from birth to <5 years admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre who required endotracheal intubation for more than 24 hours were eligible. Children underwent flexible fiber‐optic laryngoscopy (FFL) after extubation. Those who presented moderate to severe abnormalities in this first examination underwent another FFL between 7 and 10 days. If lesions persisted or symptoms developed, regardless of initial findings, laryngoscopy under general anesthesia was performed.Results:We followed 142 children. In the first FFL, 58 children (40.8%) had moderate to severe laryngeal lesions. During follow‐up, 16 children developed SGS, representing an incidence of 11.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.1–17.5). Multivariate analysis showed that for every 5 additional days of intubation, there was a 50.3% increase in the risk of developing SGS, and for each additional sedation doses/day, there was a 12% increase in the same outcome.Conclusions:In this first prospective research protocol in children, we found a higher incidence of SGS than in most previous studies. The length of intubation and the need for additional sedation doses appear to be key factors for the development of SGS during endotracheal intubation.
A Bifunctional Diblock Copolymer from Consecutive RAFT Polymerizations and its Functionalization
Authors: Jiang Xiaowu , Du Xiangyang , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPoly(glycidyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(4‐vinylbenzyl chloride), or P(GMA)‐b‐P(VBC), is synthesized via consecutive reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations. Subsequent functionalization via atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene (St) gives rise to two functional brush‐type diblock graft copolymers, P(GMA)‐b‐(P(VBC)‐g‐P(MMA)) and P(GMA)‐b‐(P(VBC)‐g‐PS). These graft copolymers are further functionalized by a ring‐opening reaction of the P(GMA) block with diethylamine (DEA) to produce two diblock copolymer brushes, P(DEAHPMA)‐b‐(P(VBC)‐g‐P(MMA) and P(DEAHPMA)‐b‐(P(VBC)‐g‐PS (Brush‐2A). Single molecules of the copolymers are imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Brush‐2A can be cast into porous membranes with well‐defined micropores from tetrahydrofuran (THF) solutions by phase inversion in an aqueous medium.
Synthesis of Folic Acid‐Containing Imidazolium Copolymers for Potential Gene Delivery Applications
Authors: Allen Michael H. , Day Kelsea N. , Hemp Sean T. , Long Timothy E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFolic acid conjugation onto poly(1‐vinylimidazole) generates imidazolium copolymers for potential receptor‐mediated nonviral gene delivery. Homopolymer quaternization with various tBoc‐protected bromoalkylamines imparts a permanent charge for DNA complexation. Incorporation of primary amine groups provides a site for folic acid conjugation onto imidazolium copolymers. DNA binding, cytotoxicity, and in vitro transfection in HeLa cells reveal structure–property–transfection relationships for the imidazolium copolymers. Luciferase expression assays establish that primary amine conjugation onto imidazolium copolymers up to 30 mol% fails to improve transfection efficiency. In sharp contrast, incorporation of folic acid onto the copolymers improves transfection efficiency 250‐fold.magnified image
Nanostructured Silica/Wheat Gluten Hybrid Materials Prepared by Catalytic Sol–Gel Chemistry
Authors: Türe Hasan , Blomfeldt Thomas O. J. , Gällstedt Mikael , Hedenqvist Mikael S. , Farris Stefano 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe main physicochemical properties of nanostructured silica/wheat gluten hybrid composites are presented. The extraction experiments suggest that the protein phase is intimately encased within the silica matrix, with silica–protein interactions driven by hydrogen bonding, as indicated by IR spectra. Spectroscopic results also show that silica induces a higher degree of constraint of the wheat gluten matrix, despite less aggregation. Moisture diffusion properties of the hybrid materials are investigated by a combined “desorption/sorption” approach. While the reduction of the moisture diffusivity in the presence of silica can be described by the geometrical impedance of a “sintered” porous solid, a time‐dependent relaxation/restructuring of the composite apparently occurs during the sorption‐desorption cycle.magnified image
On a classification of theories without the independence property
Authors: Verbovskiy Viktor 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA theory is stable up to Δ if any Δ‐type over a model has a few extensions up to complete types. We prove that a theory has no the independence property iff it is stable up to some Δ, where each \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\varphi (x;\bar{y}) \in \Delta$\end{document} has no the independence property.
Creatinine/cystatin C ratio as a surrogate marker of residual muscle mass in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Tetsuka Syuichi , Morita Mitsuya , Ikeguchi Kunihiko , Nakano Imaharu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimIdentification of sensitive surrogate markers that indicate disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis might be useful in clinical trials and clinical care. Determination of the creatinine/cystatin C (Cr/CysC) ratio eliminates the effect of renal function on serum creatinine levels; therefore, we considered that the ratio might serve as a surrogate marker of residual muscle mass. We studied the Cr/CysC ratio as a useful surrogate marker of residual muscle mass in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.MethodsA total of 103 participants were recruited: 62 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 41 healthy controls. Serum levels of Cr and CysC were measured in both groups. We subsequently investigated the correlation between the Cr/CysC ratio and disease severity in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.ResultsThe ratio was significantly lower in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis group than in the control group. Furthermore, the ratio decreased as the severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis increased. The Cr/CysC ratio might be a better and more reliable method than the serum Cr level as a means of monitoring residual muscle mass of the entire body in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.ConclusionThe present results show that the Cr/CysC ratio might be a suitable candidate for a useful and quantitative surrogate marker for the assessment of disease severity and progression in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
What is the key player in TDP‐43 pathology in ALS: Disappearance from the nucleus or inclusion formation in the cytoplasm?
Authors: Onodera Osamu , Sugai Akihiro , Konno Takuya , Tada Mari , Koyama Akihide , Nishizawa Masatoyo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractC9ORF72 and the 43 kDa TAR DNA‐binding protein (TDP‐43) are key molecules in the development of TDP‐43 pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 also leads to frontotemporal lobar degeneration, whereas mutation of TARDBP mainly causes ALS, indicating that TDP‐43 plays a more fundamental role in the development of ALS. In tissues affected with ALS, TDP‐43 is dislocated from the nucleus, forms cytoplasmic inclusions, and is phosphorylated and truncated. Accumulating evidence suggests that the disappearance of TDP‐43 from the nucleus precedes inclusion formation, indicating that its disappearance from the nucleus is crucial in the development of TDP‐43 pathology. Alterations in the quality and quantity of TDP‐43 might result in the disappearance of TDP‐43 from the nucleus. Regarding quality, phosphorylation and truncation of TDP‐43 is not necessary for its disappearance from the nucleus or for inclusion formation. Although it has been speculated that studies of TDP‐43 harboring ALS‐associated mutations are useful for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of sporadic ALS, the functional and biochemical differences between mutated and wild‐type TDP‐43 remain unclear. Regarding quantity, an increased amount of TDP‐43 is an attractive hypothesis as it has been shown that increased amounts of TDP‐43 are toxic. Moreover, several reports have suggested that increased levels of TDP‐43 are found in sporadic ALS as well as in ALS with TDP‐43 mutations. However, these findings remain controversial. Increased understanding of the mechanisms responsible for regulating TDP‐43 will provide a basis for determining the molecular pathogenesis of ALS.
Accelerating cyclic plasticity simulations using an adaptive wavelet transformation based multitime scaling method
Authors: Chakraborty Pritam , Ghosh Somnath 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYCyclic finite element simulations of complex materials, for example, polycrystalline metals, are widely used to study fatigue failure due to plasticity and damage. Typically, this requires the simulation of a large number of cycles to failure for accurate determination of evolving deformation variables. Modeling cyclic deformation using conventional methods of time integration in semidiscretization techniques can however be computationally challenging. Single time scale integration methods typically follow the high frequency characteristics and discretize each cycle into a number of time steps over which integration is performed. To overcome this computational challenge, the wavelet transformation‐based multitime scale (WATMUS) method proposed in an earlier work by the authors is advanced and validated in this paper to perform accelerated finite element simulations of materials undergoing rate‐dependent plasticity for large number of cycles. Specifically, the WATMUS algorithm is integrated with crystal plasticity finite element method to perform accelerated simulations of polycrystalline alloys. The WATMUS methodology is also endowed with adaptive capabilities to optimally construct the wavelet basis functions and determine coarse‐scale cycle steps. Accuracy and efficiency of the WATMUS methodology is conclusively demonstrated by comparing the results with cyclic single‐time scale crystal plasticity finite element simulations performed on image‐based microstructure of titanium alloys. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transient Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov equation solved with smoothed particle hydrodynamics method
Authors: Canor T. , Denoël V. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYProbabilistic theories aim at describing the properties of systems subjected to random excitations by means of statistical characteristics such as the probability density function ψ (pdf). The time evolution of the pdf of the response of a randomly excited deterministic system is commonly described with the transient Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov (FPK) equation. The FPK equation is a conservation equation of a hypothetical or abstract fluid, which models the transport of probability. This paper presents a generalized formalism for the resolution of the transient FPK equation by using the well‐known mesh‐free Lagrangian method, smoothed particle hydrodynamics).Numerical implementation shows notable advantages of this method in an unbounded state space: (1) the conservation of total probability in the state space is explicitly written; (2) no artifact is required to manage far‐field boundary conditions; (3) the positivity of the pdf is ensured; and (4) the extension to higher dimensions is straightforward.Furthermore, thanks to the moving particles, this method is adapted for a large kind of initial conditions, even slightly dispersed distributions. The FPK equation is solved without any a priori knowledge of the stationary distribution, just a precise representation of the initial distribution is required.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
POD–ISAT: An efficient POD‐based surrogate approach with adaptive tabulation and fidelity regions for parametrized steady‐state PDE discrete solutions
Authors: Bui D. , Hamdaoui M. , De Vuyst F. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYA combination of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis and in situ adaptive tabulation (ISAT) is proposed for the representation of parameter‐dependent solutions of coupled partial differential equation problems. POD is used for the low‐order representation of the spatial fields and ISAT for the local representation of the solution in the design parameter space. The accuracy of the method is easily controlled by free threshold parameters that can be adjusted according to user needs. The method is tested on a coupled fluid‐thermal problem: the design of a simplified aircraft air control system. It is successfully compared with the standard POD; although the POD is inaccurate in certain areas of the design parameters space, the POD–ISAT method achieves accuracy thanks to trust regions based on residuals of the fluid‐thermal problem. The presented POD–ISAT approach provides flexibility, robustness and tunable accuracy to represent solutions of parametrized partial differential equations.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An implicit potential method for incompressible flows
Authors: Papadopoulos P.K. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we consider a novel numerical scheme for solving incompressible flows on collocated grids. The implicit potential method utilizes an implicit potential velocity obtained from a Helmholtz decomposition for the mass conservation and employs a modified form of Bernoulli's law for the coupling of the velocity–pressure corrections. It requires the solution only of the momentum equations, does not involve the solution of additional partial differential equations for the pressure, and is applied on a collocated grid. The accuracy of the method is tested through comparison with analytical, experimental, and numerical data from the literature, and its efficiency and robustness are evaluated by solving several benchmark problems such as flow around a circular cylinder and in curved square and circular ducts.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decreased insular and increased midbrain activations during decision‐making under risk in adolescents with excess weight
Authors: Delgado‐Rico Elena , Soriano‐Mas Carles , Verdejo‐Román Juan , S. Río‐Valle Jacqueline , Verdejo‐García Antonio 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to explore the brain substrates of decisions under risk in excess weight adolescents. Decreased activations of the brain regions signaling risk (orbitofrontal cortex [OFC], insula) were expected during anticipation of higher rewards and increased activations of the brain regions involved in reward processing (OFC, striatum) were expected after reward receipt in excess weight adolescents compared to normal weight controls.Design and MethodsFifty‐two adolescents (age range 12‐17), classified in three groups as a function of BMI: obese (n = 21), overweight (n = 15), or normal weight (n = 16) performed the Risky‐Gains task as described by Paulus et al. in the fMRI scanner.ResultsExcess weight adolescents, compared to normal weight controls, showed decreased left insular and increased midbrain activations during anticipation of risky choices. In addition, excess weight adolescents showed increased activations of the inferior frontal gyrus, parahippocampus, thalamus, and posterior brain regions after reward receipt.ConclusionsAdolescents with excess weight showed reduced activations in brain regions signaling risk and increased activations in regions signaling reward during anticipation of decisions involving risk and reward. In addition, post‐decision reward outcomes produced increased activations of regions involved in emotional salience in excess weight adolescents versus controls.