bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epileptogenic zone localization using magnetoencephalography predicts seizure freedom in epilepsy surgery
Authors: Englot Dario J. , Nagarajan Srikantan S. , Imber Brandon S. , Raygor Kunal P. , Honma Susanne M. , Mizuiri Danielle , Mantle Mary , Knowlton Robert C. , Kirsch Heidi E. , Chang Edward F. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryObjectiveThe efficacy of epilepsy surgery depends critically upon successful localization of the epileptogenic zone. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) enables noninvasive detection of interictal spike activity in epilepsy, which can then be localized in three dimensions using magnetic source imaging (MSI) techniques. However, the clinical value of MEG in the presurgical epilepsy evaluation is not fully understood, as studies to date are limited by either a lack of long‐term seizure outcomes or small sample size.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with focal epilepsy who received MEG for interictal spike mapping followed by surgical resection at our institution.ResultsWe studied 132 surgical patients, with mean postoperative follow‐up of 3.6 years (minimum 1 year). Dipole source modeling was successful in 103 patients (78%), whereas no interictal spikes were seen in others. Among patients with successful dipole modeling, MEG findings were concordant with and specific to the following: (1) the region of resection in 66% of patients, (2) invasive electrocorticography (ECoG) findings in 67% of individuals, and (3) the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormality in 74% of cases. MEG showed discordant lateralization in ~5% of cases. After surgery, 70% of all patients achieved seizure freedom (Engel class I outcome). Whereas 85% of patients with concordant and specific MEG findings became seizure‐free, this outcome was achieved by only 37% of individuals with MEG findings that were nonspecific to or discordant with the region of resection (χ2 = 26.4, p < 0.001). MEG reliability was comparable in patients with or without localized scalp electroencephalography (EEG), and overall, localizing MEG findings predicted seizure freedom with an odds ratio of 5.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.23–11.8).SignificanceMEG is a valuable tool for noninvasive interictal spike mapping in epilepsy surgery, including patients with nonlocalized findings receiving long‐term EEG monitoring, and localization of the epileptogenic zone using MEG is associated with improved seizure outcomes.
Lipid remodeling in Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE‐1 upon loss of hopanoids and hopanoid methylation
Authors: Neubauer C. , Dalleska N. F. , Cowley E. S. , Shikuma N. J. , Wu C.‐H. , Sessions A. L. , Newman D. K. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe sedimentary record of molecular fossils (biomarkers) can potentially provide important insights into the composition of ancient organisms; however, it only captures a small portion of their original lipid content. To interpret what remains, it is important to consider the potential for functional overlap between different lipids in living cells, and how the presence of one type might impact the abundance of another. Hopanoids are a diverse class of steroid analogs made by bacteria and found in soils, sediments, and sedimentary rocks. Here, we examine the trade‐off between hopanoid production and that of other membrane lipids. We compare lipidomes of the metabolically versatile α‐proteobacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE‐1 and two hopanoid mutants, detecting native hopanoids simultaneously with other types of polar lipids by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. In all strains, the phospholipids contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids (often >80 %). The degree to which unsaturated fatty acids are modified to cyclopropyl fatty acids varies by phospholipid class. Deletion of the capacity for hopanoid production is accompanied by substantive changes to the lipidome, including a several‐fold rise of cardiolipins. Deletion of the ability to make methylated hopanoids has a more subtle effect; however, under photoautotrophic growth conditions, tetrahymanols are upregulated twofold. Together, these results illustrate that the ‘lipid fingerprint’ produced by a micro‐organism can vary depending on the growth condition or loss of single genes, reminding us that the absence of a biomarker does not necessarily imply the absence of a particular source organism.
Translation and validation of a Spanish version of the xerostomia inventory
Authors: Serrano Carlos , Fariña María P. , Pérez Cristhian , Fernández Marcos , Forman Katherine , Carrasco Mauricio 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to validate a Spanish cross‐cultural adaptation of the xerostomia inventory (XI).Materials and methodsThe original English version of XI was translated into Spanish, cross‐culturally adapted and field tested. The Spanish version of XI (XI‐Sp) was tested with a sample of 41 patients with xerostomia. The reliability of the XI‐Sp was determined through internal consistency and test–retest methods. The construct validity of XI‐Sp was determined by means of correlation between XI‐Sp scores and salivary flow measurements.ResultsOverall XI‐Sp scores were 40.8 (SD = 10) for the first application and 40.2 (SD = 9.5) for the second. Cronbach's alpha value for the XI‐Sp was 0.89 and 0.87, respectively, while interitem correlation averages were r = 0.44 and r = 0.39 for each application. Interitem correlation and corrected total was rc≥0.30. The test–retest intraclass correlation coefficient value for the XI‐Sp score was 0.59 and 0.91. Convergent validity for construct validity correlation with salivary flow showed a medium effect size (r2 = 0.10) for the first application but did not make a statistically significant prediction for the second (r2 = 0.7).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence concerning the reliability of the XI‐Sp, showing that it may be a useful tool for Spanish‐speaking xerostomia patients for both clinical and epidemiologic research.
Loss of RNA‐binding motif protein 3 expression is associated with right‐sided localization and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Melling Nathaniel , Simon Ronald , Mirlacher Martina , Izbicki Jakob R , Stahl Philip , Terracciano Luigi M , Bokemeyer Carsten , Sauter Guido , Marx Andreas H 
Published: April 2015

AimsRNA‐binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) has recently been suggested as a prognostic biomarker in an array of human cancers. This study aimed to examine its effects in colorectal cancers.Methods and resultsRBM3 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing 1800 colorectal cancers (CRCs). Nuclear RBM3 immunohistochemical staining was found in 95.9% of all interpretable CRCs. Loss of RBM3 expression was linked to advanced tumour stage (P < 0.0001), right‐sided tumour localization (P < 0.0001), and poor prognosis (P = 0.0003). In a multivariable analysis including RBM3 staining, tumour grade, tumour stage, and nodal status, only tumour stage and nodal status proved to be independent prognostic markers (P < 0.0001 each), whereas the prognostic impact of RBM3 staining was not significant (P = 0.2655).ConclusionsOur observations indicate that loss of RBM3 expression is an unfavourable prognostic marker in CRC, and is linked to right‐sided tumour localization.
Application of microencapsulated essential oils in cosmetic and personal healthcare products – a review
Authors: Carvalho I. T. , Estevinho B. N. , Santos L. 
Published: April 2015

SynopsisNowadays, the consumers around the world are increasingly focused on health and beauty. The renewed consumer interest in natural cosmetic products creates the demand for new products and reformulated others with botanical and functional ingredients. In cosmetic products, essential oils (EOs) play a major role as fragrance ingredients. They can optimize its proprieties and preservation, as well as the marketing image of the final product. Microencapsulation of EOs can protect and prevent the loss of volatile aromatic ingredients and improve the controlled release and stability of this core materials. The importance of EOs for cosmetic industry and its microencapsulation was reviewed in this study. Also a briefly introduction about the preparation of microparticles was presented. Some of the most important and usual microencapsulation techniques of EOs, as well as the conventional encapsulating agents, were discussed. Despite the fact that microencapsulation of EOs is a very promising and extremely attractive application area for cosmetic industry, further basic research needs to be carried out, for a better understanding of the biofunctional activities of microencapsulated EOs and its release modulation, as well as the effects of others cosmetic ingredients and the storage time in the microparticles properties.
A study of delayed purchases of enabling products in the United States: the case of hearings aids
Authors: Moschis George P. , Lee Euehun , Mathur Anil , E. Rigdon Edward , Kwai Fatt Choong 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAlthough hearing loss afflicts millions of adults globally, most of them elderly, a relatively small percentage of them purchase hearing aids, and buyers regularly delay purchase for years. This study provides explanations for the likelihood and timing of the purchase of hearing aids. Data from a large‐scale national mail survey of 507 hearing‐impaired persons in the United States reveal that consumers do not make decisions in a time vacuum or in isolation from previous life experiences. Rather, their hearing aid purchase decision is time dependent, and time exerts different effects on consumers depending on their stage in life. Because hearing impairment is a condition experienced by consumers globally, the study findings have implications for theory and practice worldwide.
Age differences in consumer financial capability
Authors: Xiao Jing Jian , Chen Cheng , Sun Lei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine age differences in financial capability. Financial capability is measured by five variables: objective financial literacy, subjective financial literacy, desirable financial behavior, perceived financial capability, and a financial capability index. Financial capability is expected to increase with age. Specifically, we expect older consumers to demonstrate higher levels of both objective and subjective financial literacy, more desirable financial behaviors, a higher level of perceived financial capability, and a higher score on the financial capability index. Data from the 2012 National Financial Capability Study in the U.S. was used to examine the associations between age groups and financial capability variables. One‐way ANOVAs were used to examine age differences in financial capability variables. Then multiple regressions were used to examine age differences after controlling for socio‐demographic and financial variables. The results indicated that age differences in four financial capability variables showed similar patterns. Young adults aged 18–24 had the lowest scores on objective financial literacy, subjective financial literacy, perceived financial capability, and the financial capability index. The results have implications for consumer educators to provide effective financial education for all age groups.
Interference of blast cell fragments with automated platelet counting
Authors: Frotscher B. , Salignac S. , Muller M. , Latger‐Cannard V. , Feugier P. , Lesesve J. F. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntroductionAutomated haematology analysers may inaccurately determine platelet counts in several circumstances. Spuriously elevated automated platelet counts have been reported in some acute leukaemia (AL) cases because of fragmentation of circulating blast cells (pseudoplatelets). Haemorrhagic diathesis is a common manifestation of AL, which is often caused by severe thrombocytopenia. Therefore, overestimation of the actual platelet count in patients with AL can affect its clinical management. We aimed to detect the frequency of pseudoplatelets in patients with AL.MethodsComplete blood cell counts were performed on 86 AL patients with three automated analysers (ADVIA 2120, Coulter LH 750 and Sysmex XE‐2100D). Platelet counts were also performed by quantitative flow cytometry (QFC). The platelet counts of the automatic analysers were compared to the platelet counts by QFC. Blood smears were checked for the presence of pseudoplatelets.ResultsThe automated analysers overestimated the platelet count due to the presence of pseudoplatelets in patients with AL. Pseudoplatelets were observed in the blood smears of 11 patients (13%). Three of these patients were near the prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold.ConclusionSpurious increases in automated platelet counts by blast cell fragments are little known but frequent artefacts that should be ruled out by careful examination of peripheral blood smears.
Reference values for reticulocyte parameters and hypochromic RBC in healthy children
Authors: Teixeira C. , Barbot J. , Freitas M. I. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryIntroductionNew erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters available on modern hematology analyzers have shown to be useful markers in children. However, pediatric method‐specific reference ranges for these indices are sparse. We aim to establish pediatric reference values for reticulocyte parameters and hypochromic red blood cells in healthy children with the ADVIA 2120 hematology analyzer.MethodsProspective study of 311 healthy children aged from 6 months to 18 years old with normal hematological parameters. ADVIA 2120 hematology analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Amadora, Portugal) was used for whole‐blood hematological measures. The sample population was grouped according to age into three cohorts, and gender distribution was used for participants aged ≥12 years.ResultsAge‐ and gender‐specific reference limits of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr or Ret‐He), difference between the reticulocyte and erythrocyte hemoglobin content (Delta‐He), immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF) and percentage of hypochromic red blood cells (%Hypo) are provided. Delta‐He, IRF and %Hypo showed statistically significant gender differences in the 12–17 years group. CHr presented no significant gender variation within all age groups (median 30.8 ± 1.7 pg).ConclusionEstablishing reliable pediatric reference intervals for these novel hematological parameters may offer valuable prospects for clinical practice and research in the pediatrics field.
Risk of initial and moderate caries lesions in primary teeth to progress to dentine cavitation: a 2‐year cohort study
Authors: Guedes Renata S. , Piovesan Chaiana , Floriano Isabela , Emmanuelli Bruno , Braga Mariana M. , Ekstrand Kim R. , Ardenghi Thiago M. , Mendes Fausto M. 
Published: April 2015

AimTo investigate the risk of sound surfaces, and initial and moderate caries lesions to progress to dentine cavitation in preschool children.DesignA cohort study was designed with 639 children (12–59 months old) who had been examined by visual inspection during a survey in 2010. After 2 years, 469 children were re‐examined regarding the presence of dentine cavitations. The probability of progression was calculated for sound and carious (initial and moderate lesions) surfaces. Relative risk of progression and 95% confidence intervals for each condition compared with sound surfaces were calculated using multilevel Poisson regression analysis. Association with explanatory variables, including caries experience of the children, was also investigated.ResultsThe higher the initial score attributed to the dental surface, the more likely was the progression. Moreover, children with severe lesions at baseline had higher risk of having a sound surface or a non‐cavitated caries lesion progressing to cavitation when compared with caries‐free children; however, this increased risk was not observed in children with only initial caries lesions.ConclusionsInitial caries lesions present a low frequency of progression. Moreover, sound surfaces and initial caries lesions in children already presenting cavitations are more likely to progress to more severe conditions.
Dissipative Competition: Evidence from a Quasi‐Natural Experiment
Authors: Chang Yuk Ying , Young Martin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe document that contrary to the conventional view, the costs of domestic firms in terms of selling, general and administrative expenses and cost of goods sold increase significantly following exogenous shocks that increase competition, namely material import tariff cuts affecting US manufacturing industries over the period 1974–2005. Incompatible with an agency explanation, the cost increase is more pronounced among firms with higher CEO/insider/board ownership. We further find that the cost increase is more evident among firms with smaller market share and among focused firms. Generally, our results are consistent with the notion of ‘dissipative competition’ discussed in the seminal papers by Tullock.
REHABILITATION IN NURSING‐HOME SITUATIONS: A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: HEFFERIN ELIZABETH A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract:The question of whether rehabilitation programs should be included in nursing‐home care has been answered affirmatively, both in the professional literature of the past decade and by recent legislative action which focuses on the healthcare problems of the elderly. The major issue at present is the breadth and intensity of such programs.As this brief review of the literature has indicated, the success of rehabilitation goals is conditioned by the following factors: the mental and physical status and the social situation of the patient; the experience, professional training and rehabilitation‐oriented outlook of the attending personnel; the rehabilitation resources available in the nearby community; and the ability of the nursing home to afford the costs of the rehabilitation program in terms of dollars, personnel, time, professional services, and equipment.However, even when the breadth of a nursing‐home rehabilitation program has to be restricted because of any of the foregoing factors, the program can at least focus on aiding patients to regain some personal, though minimal, independence. This accomplishment has benefits for both the patient and the nursing home: the patient benefits from the improvement in his psychological if not physical state, and the nursing home benefits because more of the personnel's time is available for other patient‐care services.
THE AGED: SATISFIED OR DISSATISFIED?
Authors: SHEETS ALFRED W. , DACHAWICH S. JOHN , ULLMAN PAUL S. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract:On the basis of interviews with 129 elderly people in the Long Beach Jewish Community Center, the most impressive finding was that, with the exception of some widows and persons with serious health problems, these men and women were content with life and did not have many unmet needs or difficulties with adjustment to old age. They did not consider their life idyllic, however. Transportation was a real problem for some, and medical expenses for others. Incomes were usually too low to allow for much of the travel so many of them wished to experience. Some had difficulties in interpersonal relationships. Failing health was the greatest single problem; more than half of the group had had a major health impairment and one‐fourth had been in a hospital during the previous year. Nevertheless, in general this population of aged people was emotionally healthy, optimistic and interested in life and the opportunities it afforded them. It should be emphasized that this group was not typical of all the aged in the country. The study demonstrated, however, that in this society, old age can be a highly rewarding period of life.It would be most desirable to find some explanation for the diversity of attitudes observed in various reports in the literature and in the present report. Over‐all conclusions can be rendered meaningless if the aged in some of the groups and areas studied are unhappy and dissatisfied whereas those in other groups and areas are radically different in their reactions. Another factor in the diverse findings may be the ecological or social concentrations of different personality types.
FOLIC ACID FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC LEG ULCERS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: KOPJAS TIBOR L. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract:During a three‐month study period, folic‐acid therapy was prescribed for 10 selected office patients (3 males and 7 females) with chronic leg ulcers. The average age was 61. Six of the 10 patients had venous stasis ulcers of various sizes. Four patients had ischemic ulcers. Folic acid was administered orally (as tablets) to all the patients in a dosage of 15 mg three times daily for twelve weeks. Four patients (2 with large varicose ulcers and 2 with ischemic ulcers) received an additional 20‐mg dose of folic acid twice weekly, intravenously.In the first weeks of therapy most of the patients showed marked improvement. In 9 of the 10 cases, complete healing was achieved in six to twelve weeks. In the tenth case there was definite improvement but not complete healing of a toe ulcer.Folic acid plays a dual role in the healing of leg ulcers. It is an effective vasodilator for the microcirculation, and a contributor to adequate protein metabolism.
CHRONIC CEREBROVASCULAR INSUFFICIENCY TREATED WITH PAPAVERINE
Authors: DUNLOP EDWIN 
Published: April 2015

Abstract:A sustained‐release papaverine preparation (Pavavid Plateau Cape) was evaluated for is efficacy in relieving symptoms related to cerebrovascular insufficiency. The overall improvement rate in 37 patients whose ages ranged from 45 to 80 years, was 70 per cent. The most consistent benefit was obtained in patients whose symptoms were caused by cerebral ischemia but who did not show evidence of advanced arteriosclerosis or other cerebral damage. The symptom most frequently relieved was the most disturbing one—loss of memory or amnesia. Other symptoms relieved in over 50 per cent of the involved patients were vertigo, dizziness, incoordination and confusion. The younger patients and those whose symptoms were of shorter duration responded better than those with advanced cerebral circulatory disease.Since the aging process is progressive, therapy which is effective in delaying the cerebrovascular insufficiency associated with aging should be started immediately upon the appearance of signs of cerebral ischemia. The results obtained in this series indicate that papaverine has a place in the management of such patients because of its pronounced cerebral vasodilator action. Even in patients in whom the cause of the symptoms is in doubt, papaverine merits consideration for a therapeutic trial.
CANCER MORBIDITY IN MARRIED COUPLES*
Authors: Manfredi Orlando L. , Gross Ludwig 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFor the purpose of collecting information about cancer morbidity in the spouses of cancer patients treated during a ten‐year period, special questionnaires were sent to the physicians involved. Of 1,691 questionnaires, 898 were answered. Only tissue diagnoses by the physicians were accepted. According to th 898 returns, 40 spouses had cancer. Compared to the rate for new cases of cancer during the same period in New York State outside New York City (2,846 per 100,000), this was a rate of 4,454 per 100,000. The difference was statistically significant beyond .005.It is postulated that an additional endogenous factor in cancer patients, possibly an infectious one, may account for the increased incidence of cancer in the spouses of cancer patients in the present study. Further investigation is required, however.