bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trauma Informed Additional – Programme
Authors: Worthington Rachel 
Published: February 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the ways in which trauma may manifest both in terms of internalising and externalising symptoms.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper will argue that the effects of trauma can contribute to victims engaging in problematic behaviours (such as aggression) both towards themselves and others which may require them to attend treatment programmes to target these problem behaviours. However, standard interventions designed to target these problem behaviours do not sufficiently take into account the effects of trauma in terms of attending to the therapy interfering behaviours which are brought to treatment. The paper will argue that these trauma related therapy interfering behaviours should be attended to prior to the client engaging in specific groups to target other problem behaviours (e.g. aggression).

Findings
– Clients who are referred for standard group based interventions to target problem behaviours such as aggression towards themselves or others should be offered a trauma intervention first in order to improve concentration, reduce drop-out rates and enhance feelings of safety to engage effectively in the group. Group based Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) should be used as a method of targeting therapy interfering behaviours associated with the effects of trauma and this should also incorporate meditation and neurobiologically informed approaches. Standard target problem behaviour groups should be adapted and modified to account for the role of trauma in information processing.

Originality/value
– The paper will introduce Trauma Informed Additional – Programme (TIA-P) which is a newly designed group designed to assist clients to tolerate and modify therapy interfering behaviours which are present as a result of trauma in order that they can then go on to attend standardised interventions. The TIA-P attends to the latest research in relation to the treatment of trauma utilising EMDR within the group to enhance safety and reduce therapy interfering behaviours.
Complementarity and selection effects in early and mid‐successional plant communities are differentially affected by plant–soil feedback
Authors: Jing Jingying , Bezemer T. Martijn , van der Putten Wim H. 
Published: February 2015

Summary

Many studies that provided evidence for a positive relationship between plant diversity and productivity have proposed that this effect may be explained by complementarity among species in resources utilization, or selection of particularly productive species in high‐diversity plant communities. Recent studies have related the higher productivity in diverse plant communities to suppression of pathogenic soil biota. If soil biota plays a role in diversity–productivity relationships, the question remains about how they may influence complementarity and selection effects.

Here we examine how complementarity and selection effects may depend on soil biota using a plant–soil feedback approach. We used monocultures and mixtures of early successional plant species, which are known to have mostly negative plant–soil feedback effects, and mid‐successional plant species, which generally have neutral plant–soil feedback.

We found that plant–soil feedback effects differed between monocultures and mixed plant communities, as well as between early and mid‐successional plants. This resulted in a significant interaction effect between diversity and successional stage. In monocultures, plant–soil feedback tended to be negative for early and positive for mid‐successional plant species. Interestingly, the community feedback responses of the mixed communities were opposite, being positive for early and negative for mid‐successional community.

Plant–soil feedback differentially affected complementarity and selection effects of early and mid‐successional plant communities: it enhanced complementarity effects of early and decreased selection effects of mid‐successional species.

Synthesis. Soil biota that drive plant–soil feedback effects can influence the diversity–productivity relationship not only through decreased biomass production in monocultures compared to mixtures, but also through influencing complementarity and selection effects among species in mixed plant communities. Our results reveal that biodiversity–productivity relationships depend on plant–soil feedback interactions, which depend on the successional position of the plant. We propose that including successional position and trait‐based analyses of plant–soil feedback in diversity‐functioning studies will enhance understanding consequences of biodiversity loss for productivity and other ecosystem processes.
Banking Market Structure and Macroeconomic Stability: Are Low‐Income Countries Special?
Authors: Bremus Franziska , Buch Claudia M. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDoes the structure of banking markets affect macroeconomic volatility and, if yes, is this link different in low‐income countries? In this paper, we explore the channels through which the structure of banking markets affects macroeconomic volatility. Our research has three main findings. First, we study whether idiosyncratic volatility at the bank level can impact aggregate volatility. We find weak evidence for a link between granular banking sector volatility and macroeconomic fluctuations. Second, a higher share of domestic credit to GDP coincides with higher volatility in the short run. Third, a higher level of cross‐border asset holdings increases volatility in low‐income countries.
Investing Volatile Resource Revenues in Capital‐Scarce Economies
Authors: Richmond Christine , Yackovlev Irene , Yang Shu‐Chun S. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractNatural resource revenues are an important financing source for public investment in many developing economies. Investing volatile resource revenues, however, may subject an economy to macroeconomic instability. This paper studies fiscal approaches to investing resource revenues, using Angola as an example. With spend‐as‐you‐go, resource revenues are spent as received, resulting in little external saving; public investment can be interrupted, driving up the capital depreciation rate and undermining stability. Gradual scaling‐up, instead, allows countries to build up external saving to shield investment from revenue volatility. The framework adopted here can be used as a planning tool to define a medium‐term fiscal strategy.
Price Premiums for Providing Eco‐labelled Seafood: Evidence from MSC‐certified Cod in Sweden
Authors: Blomquist Johan , Bartolino Valerio , Waldo Staffan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractEco‐labelled seafood is an important tool to promote sustainable development in fisheries. A price premium on eco‐labelled seafood signals a return on investment in sustainable fishing methods, providing an incentive for fishers to adopt such methods. This paper investigates whether Swedish fishermen gained a price premium from participating in the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)‐certified Swedish Eastern Baltic cod fishery in the period 2011–2012. Using a detailed dataset of landing tickets and log books, we apply a panel data methodology to estimate the MSC price premium. We cannot find reliable evidence that the consumer level premium for MCS cod is actually passed back to the producers in this case.
Anatomical Variations of the Blood Vascular System in Veterinary Medicine. The Internal Iliac Artery of the Dog. Part Two
Authors: Avedillo L. , Martín‐Alguacil N. , Salazar I. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the variability of the internal pudendal artery. Two hundred and thirty‐two pelvic halves from 116 adult dogs were examined. Twenty‐six anatomical variations were found, thirteen occurring in more than 5% of the dogs. Anatomical variations were grouped in relation to the origin of the prostatic/vaginal arteries, middle rectal artery, urethral artery, ventral perineal and caudal rectal arteries. The chi‐squared test was used to analyse differences in sex, side of the body, profile and size, and the results were considered statistically significant whenP ≤ 0.05. An identical vascular pattern in both hemipelvises was found for most of the anatomical variations described.
Founder Haplotype Analysis of Fanconi Anemia in the Korean Population Finds Common Ancestral Haplotypes for a FANCG Variant
Authors: Park Joonhong , Kim Myungshin , Jang Woori , Chae Hyojin , Kim Yonggoo , Chung Nack‐Gyun , Lee Jae‐Wook , Cho Bin , Jeong Dae‐Chul , Park In Yang , Park Mi Sun 
Published: February 2015

SummaryA common ancestral haplotype is strongly suggested in the Korean and Japanese patients with Fanconi anemia (FA), because common mutations have been frequently found: c.2546delC and c.3720_3724delAAACA of FANCA; c.307+1G>C, c.1066C>T, and c.1589_1591delATA of FANCG. Our aim in this study was to investigate the origin of these common mutations of FANCA and FANCG. We genotyped 13 FA patients consisting of five FA‐A patients and eight FA‐G patients from the Korean FA population. Microsatellite markers used for haplotype analysis included four CA repeat markers which are closely linked with FANCA and eight CA repeat markers which are contiguous with FANCG. As a result, Korean FA‐A patients carrying c.2546delC or c.3720_3724delAAACA did not share the same haplotypes. However, three unique haplotypes carrying c.307+1G>C, c.1066C > T, or c.1589_1591delATA, that consisted of eight polymorphic loci covering a flanking region were strongly associated with Korean FA‐G, consistent with founder haplotypes reported previously in the Japanese FA‐G population. Our finding confirmed the common ancestral haplotypes on the origins of the East Asian FA‐G patients, which will improve our understanding of the molecular population genetics of FA‐G. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the association between disease‐linked mutations and common ancestral haplotypes in the Korean FA population.
Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase Gene Mutations and Polymorphisms in Brazilian Families with Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Authors: Gonzaga Ana Denise Gomes , de Amorim Lidia Maria da Fonte , Fonseca Ana Beatriz Monteiro , Nogueira Tatiana Lucia Santos , Pereira Olga Maria Diniz , Nagai Maria Aparecida , de Oliveira Barretto Orlando Cesar , Ribeiro Georgina Severo 
Published: February 2015

SummaryAcute intermittent porphyria (AIP), an autosomal dominant disorder, is caused by a deficiency of hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS). In the present study, we sought to establish a correlation between HMBS activity with the presence of mutations and polymorphisms. Enzyme activity was measured in red blood cells of four Brazilian unrelated AIP families (n = 124) and in blood donors (n = 80). The HMBS mutations in AIP family members were studied by PCR‐SSCP followed by direct sequencing. Six intragenic SNPs (1345 G>A, 1500 T>C, 2377 C>A, 2478 A>G, 3581 A>G, and 7064 C>A) were determined by PCR‐RFLP. Abnormal SSCP patterns in exons 7, 9, 12, and 15 were observed. DNA sequencing analysis revealed one nonsense mutation, R149X, two missense mutations, G111R and L338P, and one deletion, CT 730–731. All mutation carriers had lower enzyme activity. All polymorphisms, except 2377 C>A and 7064 C>A, showed no significant differences compared with previous reports. Mutation screening allowed the detection of the missense mutation, L338P, and the 730_731delCT deletion, two as yet unreported mutations in Brazilian AIP patients. Our findings also showed a high frequency of 2478 A>G and 3581 A>G polymorphism combinations suggesting that these polymorphisms contributed to enzymatic activity reduction in our study population.
Factors that predict in‐hospital mortality in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Authors: Hasegawa W. , Yamauchi Y. , Yasunaga H. , Sunohara M. , Jo T. , Matsui H. , Fushimi K. , Takami K. , Nagase T. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare systemic small‐vessel vasculitis associated with asthma, eosinophilia, and necrotizing vasculitis. EGPA is potentially life‐threatening and often involves peripheral neuropathies, peptic ulcers, cerebral vessel disease, and cardiovascular disease. However, there is limited understanding of the prognostics factors for patients with EGPA. We investigated the clinical features and factors affecting patients' in‐hospital mortality, using a national inpatient database in Japan.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data of EGPA patients who required hospitalization between July 2010 and March 2013, using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. We evaluated EGPA patients' characteristics and performed multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the factors associated with in‐hospital mortality.ResultsA total of 2195 EGPA patients were identified. The mean age was 61.9 years, 42.1% (924/2195) were male, and 41.6% (914/2195) had emergent admission. In‐hospital deaths occurred in 97/2195 patients (4.4%). Higher in‐hospital mortality was associated with age older than 65 years, disturbance of consciousness on admission, unscheduled admission, respiratory disease, cardio‐cerebrovascular disease, renal disease, sepsis, and malignant disease on admission. Lower mortality was associated with female gender and peripheral neuropathies.ConclusionsOur study revealed the clinical features of EGPA patients who required hospitalization and the factors associated with their mortality. These results may be useful for physicians when assessing disease severity or treatments for hospitalized EGPA patients.
Low testosterone is associated with poor health status in men with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a retrospective study
Authors: Rochira V. , Diazzi C. , Santi D. , Brigante G. , Ansaloni A. , Decaroli M. C. , De Vincentis S. , Stentarelli C. , Zona S. , Guaraldi G. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryMen with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are often hypogonadal and develop several HIV‐associated non‐acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (HANA) conditions that impair overall health status. No studies explored the relationship between health status and serum testosterone (T) in HIV‐infected men. This study aims to investigate the association between total serum T and HANA, multimorbidity, and frailty in a large cohort of 1359 HIV‐infected men and to explore the relationship between patients’ overall health status and serum T. Among biochemical and hormonal measurement performed the main are serum total T, free triiodothyronine (fT3), and luteinizing hormone. Other outcome measurements include anthropometry, assessment of comorbidities and disabilities, overall health status defined as the number of HANA and by the 38‐item multimorbidity frailty index, anthropometry, and bone mineral density. The cumulative relative risk of comorbidities is increased in HIV‐infected men with hypogonadism (p < 0.001) and hypogonadism is associated with several comorbidities. The prevalence of hypogonadism increases progressively with the increase of the number of comorbidities. Frailty index is inversely related to serum total T (age‐adjusted r = 0.298, r2 = 0.089, p < 0.0001). Serum fT3 levels are significantly lower in hypogonadal than eugonadal men (p = 0.022). This suggests that low serum T could be considered a sensitive marker of frailty and poor health status and that the latter might induce hypogonadism. The more HIV‐infected men are frail the more they are hypogonadal. This suggests that hypogonadism might be a naturally occurring condition in unhealthy HIV‐infected men and raises concern about the safety of T treatment. In conclusion, low serum T is associated with multimorbidity, HANA, and frailty in HIV‐infected men and this association seems to be bidirectional. Given the wide attitude to offer T treatment to HIV‐infected men, caution is needed when prescribing T to HIV‐infected male patients, especially if the patient is unhealthy or frail.
Appropriate and timely antimicrobial therapy in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis‐associated septic shock: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Karvellas C. J. , Abraldes J. G. , Arabi Y. M. , Kumar A. ,   the Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock (CATSS) Database Research Group
Published: February 2015

SummaryBackgroundSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)‐associated septic shock carries significant mortality in cirrhosis.AimTo determine whether practice‐related aspects of antimicrobial therapy contribute to high mortality.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of all (n = 126) cirrhotics with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (neutrophil count >250 or positive ascitic culture)‐associated septic shock (1996–2011) from an international, multicenter database. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy implied either in vitro activity against a subsequently isolated pathogen (culture positive) or empiric management consistent with broadly accepted norms (culture negative).ResultsOverall hospital mortality was 81.8%. Comparing survivors (n = 23) with non‐survivors (n = 103), survivors had lower Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHEII) (mean ± s.d.; 22 ± 7 vs. 32 ± 8) and model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) (24 ± 9 vs. 34 ± 11) scores and serum lactate on admission (4.9 ± 3.1 vs. 8.9 ± 5.3), P < 0.001 for all. Survivors were less likely to receive inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy (0% vs. 25%, P = 0.013) and received appropriate antimicrobial therapy earlier [median 1.8 (1.1–5.2) vs. 9.5 (3.9–14.3) h, P < 0.001]. After adjusting for covariates, APACHEII [OR, odds ratio 1.45 (1.04–2.02) per 1 unit increment, P = 0.03], lactate [OR 2.34 (1.04–5.29) per unit increment, P = 0.04] and time delay to appropriate antimicrobials [OR 1.86 (1.10–3.14) per hour increment, P = 0.02] were significantly associated with increased mortality.ConclusionsCirrhotic patients with septic shock secondary to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis have high mortality (>80%). Each hour of delay in appropriate antimicrobial therapy was associated with a 1.86 times increased hospital mortality. Admission APACHEII and serum lactate also significantly impacted hospital mortality. Earlier initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy could substantially improve outcome.
Epidermal growth factor receptor and AKT1 gene copy numbers by multi‐gene fluorescence in situ hybridization impact on prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Li Jiao , Su Wei , Zhang Sheng , Hu Yunhui , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Xiaobei , Bai Jingchao , Yuan Weiping , Hu Linping , Cheng Tao , Zetterberg Anders , Lei Zhenmin , Zhang Jin 
Published: February 2015

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway aberrations play significant roles in breast cancer occurrence and development. However, the status of EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers remains unclear. In this study, we showed that the rates of EGFR and AKT1 gene copy number alterations were associated with the prognosis of breast cancer. Among 205 patients, high EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers were observed in 34.6% and 27.8% of cases by multi‐gene fluorescence in situ hybridization, respectively. Co‐heightened EGFR/AKT1 gene copy numbers were identified in 11.7% cases. No changes were found in 49.3% of patients. Although changes in EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers had no correlation with patients' age, tumor stage, histological grade and the expression status of other molecular makers, high EGFR (P = 0.0002) but not AKT1 (P = 0.1177) gene copy numbers correlated with poor 5‐year overall survival. The patients with co‐heightened EGFR/AKT1 gene copy numbers displayed a poorer prognosis than those with tumors with only high EGFR gene copy numbers (P = 0.0383). Both Univariate (U) and COX multivariate (C) analyses revealed that high EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers (P = 0.000 [U], P = 0.0001 [C]), similar to histological grade (P = 0.001 [U], P = 0.012 [C]) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.046 [U], P = 0.158 [C]), were independent prognostic indicators of 5‐year overall survival. These results indicate that high EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers were relatively frequent in breast cancer. Co‐heightened EGFR/AKT1 gene copy numbers had a worse outcome than those with only high EGFR gene copy numbers, suggesting that evaluation of these two genes together may be useful for selecting patients for anti‐EGFR‐targeted therapy or anti‐EGFR/AKT1‐targeted therapy and for predicting outcomes.
Extralevator abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the short‐term outcome
Authors: Zhou X. , Sun T. , Xie H. , Zhang Y. , Zeng H. , Fu W. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAimThe superiority of extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) over conventional abdominoperineal excision (APE) remains controversial, despite the publication of many studies on this issue. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to provide a clear, evidence‐based comparison of the two procedures.MethodA systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted through a comprehensive search of the PubMed, EMBASE/Medline and Cochrane Central Library databases for all studies comparing ELAPE with conventional APE for low rectal cancer. Pooled data on circumferential resection margin (CRM) positivity, intra‐operative bowel perforation, perineal wound complications and local recurrence were analysed.ResultsSeven studies, involving a total of 2672 patients, were included. Analysis of the pooled data did not reveal a significant difference between the two operations regarding CRM positivity [risk ratio (RR) = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.40–1.57; P = 0.50, I2 = 86%] and perineal wound complications (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.71–1.16; P = 0.44, I2 = 49%), and showed a borderline reduced risk of intra‐operative bowel perforation for ELAPE, but still did not reveal a significant difference between the two groups (RR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.37–1.00; P = 0.05, I2 = 58%).ConclusionThe current evidence does not indicate a statistically significant superiority of ELAPE over conventional APE in terms of CRM positivity and intra‐operative bowel perforation.
Elevated tumour markers are normalized in most patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei 7 days after complete tumour removal
Authors: Di Fabio F. , Aston W. , Mohamed F. , Chandrakumaran K. , Cecil T. , Moran B. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAimElevation of the preoperative tumour markers in pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is common and is a risk factor for recurrence. There has, however, been no documentation of the effect of complete tumour removal on tumour markers levels after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The aim of the study was to compare the tumour markers 7 days after surgery in patients with elevated preoperative levels.MethodThis was an observational prospective study of patients with PMP of appendiceal origin treated in one of the UK National Referral Centres for this condition. Thirty patients [median age = 61 (range: 31–74) years; six men] with an elevated preoperative level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA‐125) and/or carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) underwent repeated estimation, 7 days after CRS and HIPEC for PMP.ResultsThe median preoperative CEA level of 12 μg/l fell to 0.75 μg/l postoperatively (P < 0.0001), CA‐125 fell from 45 to 31 kU/l (P = 0.183) and CA19‐9 fell from 134 to 37 kU/l (P = 0.003). The CEA was raised in 22 (73%) of 30 patients preoperatively and in two (7%) of 30 patients 7 days after surgery (P < 0.0001). The corresponding data for CA‐125 were 18 (60%) and 13 (43%) (P = 0.196) and for CA19‐9 they were 24 (80%) and 16 (53%) (P = 0.028).ConclusionThis is the first documentation of a reduction or normalization of CEA 7 days after CRS, but not for CA19‐9 or CA‐125. This may indicate completeness of surgical resection and could aid selection for adjuvant therapy and predict prognosis. Long‐term follow‐up is, however, necessary to determine the significance of this observation.