bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le synthétique sacré
Authors: Stolow Jeremy 
Published: September 2012

ArtScroll, une maison d’édition juive orthodoxe de premier plan située à New York, est un cas d’école pour étudier la dimension matérielle des pratiques éditoriales concernant les textes religieux. Cet essai explore l’« agentivité matérielle» des publications phares d’ArtScroll que sont les livres de prières, les bibles et les livres de cuisine, en montrant de quelle manière ces artéfacts jouent un rôle actif dans les différents cercles de la vie sociale juive, de la prière publique à l’exposition domestique du travail dans la cuisine. En s’intéressant au rôle des couvertures de livres, des matériaux de reliure et des icônes graphiques dans la constitution de l’agentivité matérielle d’ArtScroll, cet essai explore la façon dont ces éléments contribuent à définir des schémas de performance rituelle et de styles de vie des utilisateurs, ainsi que leur rôle dans les affrontements portant sur l’identité institutionnelle et les enjeux politiques liés à la question de l’authenticité juive. En examinant la réalité de la répartition des actions entre personnes et livres, l’analyse proposée nuance l’image stéréotypée des juifs comme « peuple du Livre » et remet en cause les affirmations péremptoires sur le textocentrisme juif.
Chi‐Square Test for Goodness of Fit in a Plant Breeding Example
Authors: Namuth‐Covert Deana M. , Merk Heather L. , Haines Courtney 
Published: September 2012

In plant breeding and genetics research, plant breeders establish a hypothesis to explain how they think a particular trait is inherited, such as if it is due to one gene with complete dominance, an interaction of more than one gene, or quantitative inheritance, with many genes contributing, etc. Next the breeder sets up some crosses and observes the resulting progeny to test that inheritance hypothesis. However, when the data is collected, oftentimes the breeder discovers the number of plants observed in each class is not exactly what was expected from the hypothesis. The question then is how do plant breeders determine if the data supports their hypothesis or not? Following a tomato disease resistance example in this lesson, you will learn a simple statistical test that breeders can use to conclude if the experimental data supports their hypothesis. This lesson is written for undergraduate and graduate students studying plant breeding, as well as agriculture professionals unfamiliar with the use of the chi‐square analysis. After completing this lesson module you should be able to:
Calculate expected phenotypic and genotypic ratios and the number of plants expected in each class for a given plant breeding scheme.
Calculate chi‐square values for plant genetics data sets from both phenotypic and genotypic observations.
Calculate degrees of freedom.
Accurately interpret results from a chi‐square test.
Identify appropriate uses and limitations of the chi‐square test in plant breeding and genetics research.
Ring-Shaped Corneal Stromal Opacities after Corneal Cross-linking with Riboflavin and Ultraviolet A Irradiation for Keratoconus
Authors: Kymionis George D , Limnopoulou Aliki N , Stojanovic Nela , Plaka Argyro D , Kankariya Vardhaman P 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT
A 32-year-old female patient with progressive keratoconus in her right eye was treated with simultaneous customized photoreactive keratoctomy (PRK) and corneal cross-linking (CXL) with riboflavin and Ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. Ten days after the procedure, the patient was presented with foreign body sensation, mild ring-shaped corneal infiltration with vascularization at the limbus and Trantas dots at slit-lamp examination along with conjunctival injection and papillary reaction. One month postoperatively, the conjunctival injection decreased but the limbus vascularization and circular infiltration remained. Five months postoperatively, there were no subjective complains and slit-lamp examination revealed circular pseudogerontoxon more dense superiorly. Best corrected visual acuty (BCVA) remained 20/20 and corneal topography remained stable. Ring-shaped intrastromal corneal infiltrate could appear after simultaneous PRK-CXL for progressive keratoconus without interfering with the stiffening effect of the procedure.

How to cite this article
Kymionis GD, Limnopoulou AN, Stojanovic N, Plaka AD, Kankariya VP. Ring-Shaped Corneal Stromal Opacities after Corneal Cross-linking with Riboflavin and Ultraviolet A Irradiation for Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2012;1(2):140-143.
Une voie inexplorée de renouvellement du fédéralisme canadien : l’obligation constitutionnelle de négocier des changements constitutionnels
Authors: Taillon Patrick , Deschênes Alexis 
Published: September 2012

La présente étude a pour objet l’obligation de négocier des changements constitutionnels voulus par une majorité claire de la population d’une province. Il s’agit en fait d’examiner l’applicabilité de l’obligation de négocier, formulée par la Cour suprême du Canada dans le Renvoi relatif à la sécession du Québec, à des projets de modification constitutionnelle autres que l’accession du Québec à l’indépendance politique. En s’appuyant sur l’analyse des sources, des fondements, du rang, du caractère directement exécutoire et de la « justiciabilité » de l’obligation de négocier, les auteurs arrivent à préciser le sens et la portée de cette obligation qui pèse sur les autorités fédérales et provinciales. Or, la place de l’obligation de négocier dans la hiérarchie des normes et les termes généraux employés par la Cour suprême pour définir cette obligation militent manifestement en faveur d’un large domaine d’application de l’obligation à tout projet de modification constitutionnelle voulue par une majorité claire de la population d’une province. Bien que le contrôle judiciaire de cette obligation demeure, en tout état de cause, limité par le contenu somme toute modeste de l’obligation de négocier, de même que par les dimensions proprement politiques des négociations, l’obligation de négocier reste susceptible de donner lieu à des litiges concrets dont la justiciabilité pourrait amener la Cour suprême à sanctionner le non-respect de cette obligation.
The Living Conditions of University Students in Boarding Houses and Dormitories in Davao City, Philippines
Authors: Brilliantes Ruel A. , Aga Nelia B. , Tipace Fe C. , Adegue Cesar A. , Perez Mercelee P. , Aya-Ay Adorico M. , Sagarino Emma V. 
Published: September 2012

Living in a boarding house or dormitory is necessary for students who come from far places. In Davao City, an observable statistics of university students from neighboring provinces and the city’s outskirts live in these temporary residences. However, reports reveal that these housing facilities, most of the time, fail to consider students’ safety and welfare. This study determined the living conditions of university students in boarding houses and dormitories. This is anchored on the premise that the physical and environmental components of these residential facilities could affect students’ holistic well-being. Data elicited through survey involving five hundred seventy-one (571) respondents and focused group discussion among selected groups of student-boarders/dormers, reveal that a student’s stay in a boarding house and dormitory has significant contributions to his/her personal, social, academic and emotional growth. But, this has nothing to do with the development of his/her spirituality. Results demonstrate further, that respondents have recognized their boarding houses and dormitories possessing good basic housing facilities. However, they felt the deficiency in the provisions of safety and security facilities especially on fire escapes or exits and fire extinguishers. This manifests that most operators have violated some requirements set under the Building Code of the Philippines. Keywords - Living conditions, university students, boarding houses, dormitories, Davao City
Entrepreneurial Competencies of 2nd Generation Selected Family Business Owners in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Odejar Bienvenido , Kenmoe Johan Theiry , Gernal Liza Macasukit 
Published: September 2012

Family-owned firms are one of the foundations of the world’s business community and are a growing area of interest among young business leaders. It is especially pertinent in today’s global environment where apt business knowledge and entrepreneurial ability are critical factors for initiating a venture and achieving its continual growth. In retrospect, we have looked at how successful family businesses have survived through the ups and downs of unpredictable economies and found that it is with discipline, passion, adequate succession planning and the proper utilization of financial resources among other significant contributors that allowed family business owners to have accomplished such a tremendous feat. However, the same cannot be said of the majority of today’s money spending generation where young men and women alike find joy in lavishly spending their former generation’s hard earned money. This research paper examines the entrepreneurial abilities and interest of the second generation in starting a business and how they can best be able to foster their strengths. Keywords - Family Business, Entrepreneurial Abilities, Second Generation Competencies, Future Directions
The Portfolio Management of Orphanages in Bohol
Authors: Golosino Ernesto O. 
Published: September 2012

The complexities brought about by the fast paced civilization posed a colossal problem which government cannot address alone. In a country like the Philippines, societal demands in terms of security, justice, wealth redistribution and the overall welfare of the citizens have grown geometrically vis a vis limited financial and resource capabilities of the government. The diversities of demand among the citizens sometimes forced our leaders to take the driver set blind folded. The methods subscribed by our leaders lead to delayed if not disproportional dispatch of services which gradually distorted social balance. This disequilibrium has been gradually corrected by the philanthropists, charitable institutions and the non-government organizations in general. In Bohol, one of the issues though not alarming as of the moment is the presence of abandoned/neglected children. These fragile souls momentarily find peaceful abode thru the Department of Social Welfare and Development until they arrive at the doors of orphanages. Considering that orphanages heavily relied on dole out, financial grants and donations, the researcher wanted to ascertain if on top of these, the said institution interfaced in their system the basics of portfolio management. The paper is based mainly on secondary data analysis. The results showed that the theories on portfolio management were not being adhered to. Keywords - Orphanage, Bohol, Department of Social Welfare and Development
Lattice‐Strained Materials and Catalytic Applications
Authors: Burange Anand S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStrain plays a crucial role in lattice compression and expansion, as well as in modifying the d‐band structure, among other effects. In certain classes of materials, strain can significantly influence catalytic activity. This article primarily focuses on strain, including its types, methods of measurement, and applications to catalysis, with a particular emphasis on ORR reactions.
Optimal minimum MU for intensity‐modulated proton therapy with pencil‐beam scanning proton beams
Authors: Yi ByongYong , Mossahebi Sina , Jatczak Jenna , Mundis Michelle , Houser Thomas , Alicia David , Han Dong , Gonzalez Rosette , Olis Stephen , Zakhary Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeA higher minimum monitor unit (minMU) for pencil‐beam scanning proton beams in intensity‐modulated proton therapy is preferred for more efficient delivery. However, plan quality may be compromised when the minMU is too large.This study aimed to identify the optimal minMU (OminMU) to improve plan delivery efficiency while maintaining high plan quality.MethodsWe utilized clinical plans including six anatomic sites (brain, head and neck, breast, lung, abdomen, and prostate) from 23 patients previously treated with the Varian ProBeam system. The minMU of each plan was increased from the current clinical minMU of 1.1 to 3–24 MU depending on the daily prescribed dose (DPD). The dosimetric parameters of the plans were evaluated for consistency against a 1.1‐minMU plan for target coverage as well as organs‐at‐risk dose sparing. DPD/minMU was defined as the ratio of DPD to minMU (cGy/MU) to find the OminMU by ensuring that dosimetric parameters did not differ by >1% compared to those of the 1.1‐minMU plan.ResultsAll plans up to 5 minMU showed no significant dose differences compared to the 1.1‐minMU plan. Plan qualities remained acceptable when DPD/minMU ≥35 cGy/MU. This suggests that the 35 cGy/MU criterion can be used as the OminMU, which implies that 5 MU is the OminMU for a conventional fraction dose of 180 cGy. Treatment times were decreased by an average of 32% (max 56%, min 7%) and by an average of 1.6 min when the minMU was increased from 1.1 to OminMU.ConclusionA clinical guideline for OminMU has been established. The minMU can be increased by 1 MU for every 35 cGy of DPD without compromising plan quality for most cases analyzed in this study. Significant treatment time reduction of up to 56% was observed when the suggested OminMU is used.
Investigation of YAP‐1, OTX‐2, and nestin protein expressions in neuroblastoma: a preliminary study
Authors: Kum Özşengezer Selen , Altun Zekiye Sultan , Sanlav Gamze , Baran Burçin , Kızmazoğlu Deniz , Aktaş Safiye , Keskinoğlu Pembe , Olgun Nur 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesNeuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. YAP (Yes‐associated protein) is a highly expressed protein in NB. Nestin is an important marker of neuronal differentiation in NB. Orthodenticle homeobox (OTX) is a transcription factor and is overexpressed in blastoma‐derived tumors. The aim of this study was to examine the potential roles of YAP‐1, Nestin, and OTX‐2 proteins in prognosis and risk stratification in neuroblastomaMethodsTumor sections of 56 patients with different NB risk groups were analyzed. YAP‐1, Nestin, and OTX‐2 protein expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in NB patient tissue samples.ResultsYAP‐1, Nestin, and OTX‐2 protein expression levels were evaluated together with the clinical findings of NB patients. YAP‐1 was expressed in 18% of all tissues, while Nestin was expressed in 20.4%. OTX‐2 protein expression was found in 41.1% of the NB patients. YAP‐1 was expressed in 26.9% of high‐risk and 11.5% of low‐risk patients. Nestin was expressed in 24.4% high‐risk and 33.3% low‐risk patients. OTX‐2 was expressed in 68.2% high‐risk and 60% low‐risk patients.YAP‐1 was shown to provide survival advantages among risk groups.InterpretationThe findings of this study support that YAP‐1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for staging and risk‐group assignment of NB patients. YAP‐1 expression in neuroblastoma is associated with significantly poorer survival probabilities and should be considered as a potential therapeutic target. OTX‐2 is a promising predictive biomarker candidate, but its mechanisms need further investigation in neuroblastoma, as nestin expression is not significantly linked to patient survival.
3D‐Printed Tissue‐Specific Nanospike‐Based Adhesive Materials for Time‐Regulated Synergistic Tumor Therapy and Tissue Regeneration In Vivo
Authors: Lee Hyun , Han Ginam , Na Yuhyun , Kang Minho , Bang Seo‐Jun , Kang Hyeong Seok , Jang Tae‐Sik , Park Jung‐Hoon , Jang Hae Lin , Yang Kisuk , Kang Heemin , Jung Hyun‐Do 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe growing concerns regarding cancer recurrence, unpredictable bone deficiencies, and postoperative bacterial infections subsequent to the surgical removal of bone tumors have highlighted the need for multifaceted bone scaffolds that afford tumor therapy, bacterial therapy, and effective vascularized bone reconstruction. However, challenging trilemma has emerged in the realm of bone scaffolds regarding the balance between achieving appropriate mechanical strength, ensuring biocompatibility, and optimizing a degradation rate that aligns with bone‐regenerative rate. Considering these challenges, innovative theragenerative platform is developed by utilizing 3D printing‐based nanospikes for the first time. This platform comprises tissue‐specific nanospiked hydroxyapatite decorated with magnesium (nMg) and adhesive DNA (aDNA). The incorporation of nMg within polylactic acid (PLA) matrix confers photothermal capabilities and helps to modulate mechanical and degradation properties and improve the biocompatibility of theragenerative platform. Simultaneously, the immobilized aDNA contributed to the enhancement of vascularized bone healing. These 3D‐printed tissue‐adhesive theragenerative platforms exhibit superior mechanical properties and offer controlled degradability. Moreover, they enable the eradication of bacteria and osteosarcoma through hyperthermia and promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo. This groundbreaking approach is poised to pave the way for the fabrication and design of novel implantable biomaterials that integrate therapeutic and regenerative functions.
Engineered Nanobodies Elicit Durable and Robust Bi‐Therapeutic Efficacy Toward Virus and Tumors
Authors: Jia Bo , Gu Xinquan , Shen Siyu , Liu Yangyi , Li Ming , Wei Zheng , Sun Yao , Ma Chao , Wang Fan , Su Juanjuan , Zhang Hongjie , Li Jingjing , Wei Wei , Liu Kai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNanobodies (Nbs) are one of the most promising therapeutics for overcoming immune escape in various diseases, including SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and cancers. However, the small sizes of nanobodies make them prone to renal clearance, thus decreasing circulation half‐life and hindering therapeutic efficacy. Traditional modification technologies, i.e., biotinylation and Fc‐fusion, aim to enhance nanobody pharmacokinetics, but they may introduce heterogeneous products with impaired functions and potentially affect binding to the Fc receptor. Here, a versatile nanobody engineering strategy is presented via molecular modification mediated by an intrinsically disordered protein. The engineered nanobody nano‐formulations retain their high‐affinity binding to the spike protein receptor binding domain and possess submicromolar levels of half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against the pseudotyped SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, comparable to the unmodified nanobodies. Notably, the nano‐formulations show elongated half‐lives that are up to ≈15 times higher than those of original nanobodies and superior to other reported modified nanobodies. Furthermore, the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of such nano‐formulation toward breast cancer is significantly enhanced. Therefore, this nanobody engineering strategy offers a convenient and broadly applicable solution to address the suboptimal in vivo performance of nanobodies, holding substantial promise for effectively combating treatment‐tolerant cancers and future pandemics.
A Novel PiGF@Diamond Color Converter with a Record Thermal Conductivity for Laser‐Driven Projection Display
Authors: Yu Zikang , Zhao Jiuzhou , Yang Zezhong , Mou Yun , Zhang Hongjin , Xu Ruipeng , Wang Qing , Zeng Lingwei , Lei Lei , Lin Shisheng , Li Hong , Peng Yang , Chen Daqin , Chen Mingxiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh‐brightness laser lighting is confronted with crucial challenges in developing laser‐excitable color converting materials with effective heat dissipation and super optical performance. Herein, a novel composite of phosphor‐in‐glass film on transparent diamond (PiGF@diamond) is designed and fabricated via a facile low‐temperature co‐sintering strategy. The as‐prepared La3Si6N11:Ce3+ (LSN:Ce) PiGF@diamond with well‐retained optical properties of raw phosphor shows a record thermal conductivity of ≈599 W m−1 K−1, which is about 60 times higher than that of currently well‐used PiGF@sapphire (≈10 W m−1 K−1). As a consequence, this color converter can bear laser power density up to 40.24 W mm−2 and a maximum luminance flux of 5602 lm without luminescence saturation due to efficient inhibition of laser‐induced heat accumulation. By further supplementing red spectral component of CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ (CASN:Eu), the PiGF@diamond based white laser diode is successfully constructed, which can yield warm white light with a high color rendering index of 89.3 and find practical LD‐driven applications. The findings will pave the way for realizing the commercial application of PiGF composite in laser lighting and display.
Elastic Molecular‐Assisted Fabrication of Orthorhombic Non‐Perovskite CsPbI2Br for Ultralow Dark Current in Advanced X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Han Ting , Xue Zhiyu , Qin Haiqing , Qin Aimiao , Xiang Yong , Wang Xinyu , Hu Xiaoran , Gong Jue , Li Zhenlin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the pursuit of low‐dose flat‐panel X‐ray detection and imaging, controlling dark current is pivotal. Modulating the bandgap and resistivity of photosensitive materials is one of the methods to reduce dark current. The study introduces a novel approach by first demonstrating a non‐perovskite orthorhombic phase δ‐CsPbI2Br thick film, fabricated using an innovative elastic molecular‐assisted coating strategy. This technique results in a material with an optimized bandgap of 2.30 eV and a significantly elevated resistivity of 2.42 × 10¹⁰ Ω cm. Consequently, this leads to an ultralow dark current of 1.34 nA cm⁻2. Leveraging this advancement, the developed X‐ray detectors showcase a groundbreaking low detection limit of 53 nGyair s⁻¹, surpassing the performance of their cubic‐phase counterparts. Remarkably, the material exhibits excellent phase stability, maintaining its properties for up to 80 days. By integrating with a thin‐film transistor array, a flat‐panel X‐ray detector that delivers high‐quality 8‐bit imaging across a 64 × 64 matrix is successfully engineered. This work not only presents a transformative approach to substantially reduce dark current in low‐dose X‐ray detection but also sets a new benchmark in the field by combining enhanced imaging capability with robust long‐term stability.
Ultrafast Hot‐Electron Transfer and Plasmonic Coupling Enable Au/MXene Nanohybrids with Broadband Excellent Nonlinear Absorption
Authors: Chen Shuang , Zhou Wenfa , Yan Tianpeng , Li Zhenhua , Gao Yachen , Wang Yuxiao , Song Yinglin , Zhang Xueru 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAchieving coupling between plasma oscillators can significantly modulate their intrinsic optical characteristics. In this paper, strong coupling generated by the surface plasma of MXene and Au nanobipyramids (NBPs) for broadband ultrafast nonlinear optical modulation is reported. The femtosecond transient absorption spectra reveal that the ultrafast hot electron transfer occurred in the Au/MXene nanohybrids at <200 fs. Au/Ta4C3Tx nanohybrids outperform the outstanding broadband saturable absorption (SA), with a saturation intensity 106 times less than that of the initial MXene. Laser excitation at 1100 nm results in reverse saturable absorption for Ta4C3Tx nanosheets and a strong SA for Au/Ta4C3Tx nanohybrids, which extends the range of SA. Theoretical calculations indicate that excellent nonlinearity is synergistically achieved via hot electron transfer and plasmon coupling. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra reveal that Au NBPs offer the additional occupied state for carriers through the transfer process and extend the carrier lifetime considerably. This study provides theoretical guidance for the exploration of remarkable novel nonlinear‐active 2D layer‐based materials and candidates for the practical applications of saturable absorbers.