bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximal Oblique Sliding Closing Wedge Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus
Authors: Wagner Emilio , Ortiz Cristián , Gould John S. , Naranje Sameer , Wagner Pablo , Mococain Pablo , Keller Andrés , Valderrama Juan José , Espinosa Maximiliano 
Published: July 2013

Background: The proximal oblique sliding closing wedge osteotomy (POSCOW) technique was developed to address moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity. We present a retrospective multicenter study to analyze the midterm radiological and clinical outcomes of patients treated with this type of proximal osteotomy fixed with plates. Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-four patients (187 feet) were operated on between May 2005 and June 2010 in 2 separate centers. Inclusion criteria were symptomatic moderate to severe incongruent hallux valgus deformity, no significant restriction in the first metatarsophalangeal joint movement, none to minimal degenerative changes in the first metatarsophalangeal or the tarsometatarsal joints, and no hypermobility. The median age was 60 years. The preoperative hallux valgus angle (HV) was 35.6 degrees, intermetatarsal angle (IM) was 15.3 degrees, AOFAS score was 53 points. The median follow-up was 35 months (range, 12-73). A POSCOW osteotomy was performed in all patients and fixed with plates. We recorded the satisfaction rate, postoperative clinical and radiological results, and complications. Results: The patient satisfaction rate was 87%. The mean postoperative HV angle was 12.3 degrees, IM angle 4.8 degrees, AOFAS score 89 points. The mean decrease in the first metatarsal length was 2.2 mm (range, 0-8). Twelve feet (6.4%) with recurrence of the deformity required revision surgeries. Removal of complete or partial hardware was needed in 23 feet (12.3%) for symptomatic hardware. Five feet (2.6%) developed hallux varus but only 2 required surgery. Transfer metatarsalgia was noted in 9 feet (4.8%). Conclusions: The POSCOW osteotomy was an effective and reliable method for relieving pain and improving function. A learning curve was present, as most of the complications happened in the initial cases. To our knowledge, this is the largest reported series of proximal closing wedge osteotomy for hallux valgus deformities. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Antenatal screening for Down syndrome: A quantitative demonstration of the improvements over the past 20 years
Authors: Renshaw Richard , Ellis Katrina , Jacobs Patricia , Morris Joan 
Published: July 2013

Objectives Pregnant women who receive a high screening risk result for Down, Edwards or Patau syndrome are offered diagnostic tests that carry a procedure-related risk of miscarriage. This study quantifies the improvement in the screening tests by calculating the number of women who had such tests per syndrome diagnosis from 1991 to 2010. Methods Routinely stored data on prenatal chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis samples performed from 1991 to 2010 from the Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory in England were extracted from the laboratory database. The numbers of diagnostic tests performed per Down, Edwards or Patau syndrome diagnosis were calculated according to the type of diagnostic test, and were adjusted for maternal age and gestational age at diagnosis. Results A total of 32,345 CVSs and amniocenteses identified 872 diagnoses of Down syndrome and 328 of Edwards and Patau syndrome. In 1991, there were 46 (95%CI: 16–111) CVSs per syndrome diagnosis compared with five (95%CI: 4–7) in 2010. For amniocenteses, the number fell from 53 (37–78) to 15 (11–22). Conclusion This analysis demonstrates the improvements in antenatal screening for Down syndrome that have been made over the past 20 years, resulting in a reduction in the number of women tested and thus in the number of foetal deaths attributable to the testing procedure.
The impact of co-morbid conditions and insurance status on trauma patient outcomes
Authors: Dua Anahita , Desai Sapan , Dua Arshish , Charlton-Ouw Kristofer , Dongerkery Sahana Pai , Patel Bhavin , Kuy SreyRam , McMaster Jason , Darlow Melissa , Shapiro Mark L 
Published: July 2013

Introduction This study aimed to determine the correlation between trauma patient co-morbidities, insurance status and final disposition. Methods We evaluated the impact of co-morbid conditions and insurance status on trauma patient outcomes utilising the National Trauma Data Bank. Paired T-tests were used to determine significance ( P < 0.05). Results Patients who were discharged to home had the highest rate of private insurance (27%, P < 0.01), while those sent to a facility had the highest rate of public insurance such as Medicare or Medicaid (50%, P < 0.01) and the lowest rate of no insurance (5%, P < 0.01). Patients who died had the lowest rate of private insurance (17%, P < 0.01) and 15% had no insurance ( P < 0.01). Complications and co-morbidities were significantly more common in patients who died compared to those sent to another facility or home. Conclusion Improving access to private insurance is associated with improved trauma-related morbidity and mortality.
Functional Outcomes Following Catheter-Based Iliac Vein Stent Placement
Authors: Warner Courtney J. , Goodney Philip P. , Wallaert Jessica B. , Nolan Brian W. , Rzucidlo Eva M. , Powell Richard J. , Walsh Daniel B. , Stone David H. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives: Although previous reports have demonstrated the efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy and iliac vein stent placement for the management of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT), functional outcomes remain undefined. The purpose of this study was to determine midterm outcomes and functional quality of life among patients treated with iliac vein stenting. Methods: Records of all the patients treated with iliac vein stent placement between March 2004 and March 2011 were examined for primary patency, assisted primary patency, and secondary patency. Midterm functional outcomes were measured quantitatively, including ongoing symptoms and return to work status. Results: Over the study interval, 32 patients (33 limbs) underwent iliac vein stent placement. In all, 72% (n = 23) of these patients were female, with an average age of 43 years. In all, 78% (n = 25) of the patients were diagnosed with acute DVT, 89% of which occurred in the left leg. Catheter-directed thrombolysis was utilized in 92% (23 of 25) of the patients with acute DVT. All patients treated with thrombolysis and stent placement presented with pain and edema in the affected limb. One-year primary, assisted primary, and secondary patencies were 75%, 96%, and 96%, respectively. Freedom from reintervention at 1 year was 83%. Treatment was associated with a sustained significant reduction in pain (91% vs 6%, P < .001) and edema (97% vs 12%, P < .001) at a mean follow-up of 29 months (range 5-83 months), at which time 89% of the patients reported to be at their pre-DVT functional status. Conclusions: Aggressive therapy of symptomatic iliac vein stenosis or occlusion with venography, catheter-directed thrombolysis, and iliac vein stent placement provides durable patency and freedom from reintervention. Most patients can anticipate good functional recovery with decreased pain, decreased edema, and high likelihood of returning to work.
Adult-Type Bimalleolar Ankle Fracture in Children
Authors: Guler Ferhat , Kose Ozkan , Celiktas Mustafa , Turan Adil 
Published: July 2013

Ankle fractures patterns in children may vary depending on the maturity of the distal tibial and fibular physis. Bimalleolar ankle fracture is an exceedingly rare fracture pattern in children and has been reported once in the current English literature. Two further adolescents with bimalleolar ankle fracture are reported. Although these fractures are rare, surgeons should be aware of these atypical fracture patterns. Herein, the underlying physiology and the mechanism of injury of ankle fractures in children are discussed. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV, Case study
The role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination in the prevention of anal cancer in individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) infection
Authors: Barroso Luis F. 
Published: July 2013

The incidence of anal cancer is increasing in the general population and especially in high-risk groups. A total of 90% of anal cancers are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection of the anal canal. Similar to cervical cancer, anal cancer progresses through a predictable series of premalignant stages before resulting in invasive cancer; this process begins with persistent HPV infection. The HPV vaccine represents a promising strategy to combat the increasing incidence of anal cancer. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) predisposes people to persistent HPV infection, dysplasia, and subsequent anal cancer. Patients infected with HIV should be targeted for vaccination against HPV. There are difficulties in targeting this population, the most notable being that the optimal age for vaccination is prior to identification with any high-risk groups. Universal vaccination against HPV represents the best strategy to achieve maximum protection against anal cancer in high-risk groups.
Classification of protein motifs based on subcellular localization uncovers evolutionary relationships at both sequence and functional levels
Authors: Parras-Moltó Marcos , Campos-Laborie Francisco J , García-Diéguez Juan , Rodríguez-Griñolo M Rosario , Pérez-Pulido Antonio J 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Most proteins have evolved in specific cellular compartments that limit their functions and potential interactions. On the other hand, motifs define amino acid arrangements conserved between protein family members and represent powerful tools for assigning function to protein sequences. The ideal motif would identify all members of a protein family but in practice many motifs identify both family members and unrelated proteins, referred to as True Positive (TP) and False Positive (FP) sequences, respectively.

Results
To address the relationship between protein motifs, protein function and cellular localization, we systematically assigned subcellular localization data to motif sequences from the comprehensive PROSITE sequence motif database. Using this data we analyzed relationships between localization and function. We find that TPs and FPs have a strong tendency to localize in different compartments. When multiple localizations are considered, TPs are usually distributed between related cellular compartments. We also identified cases where FPs are concentrated in particular subcellular regions, indicating possible functional or evolutionary relationships with TP sequences of the same motif.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the systematic examination of subcellular localization has the potential to uncover evolutionary and functional relationships between motif-containing sequences. We believe that this type of analysis complements existing motif annotations and could aid in their interpretation. Our results shed light on the evolution of cellular organelles and potentially establish the basis for new subcellular localization and function prediction algorithms.
A survey of education and confidence level among graduating anesthesia residents with regard to selected peripheral nerve blocks
Authors: Moon Tiffany Sun , Lim Eunjung , Kinjo Sakura 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
As peripheral nerve blockade has increased significantly over the past decade, resident education and exposure to peripheral nerve blocks has also increased. This survey assessed the levels of exposure and confidence that graduating residents have with performing selected peripheral nerve blocks.

Methods
All program directors of ACGME-accredited anesthesiology programs in the USA were asked to distribute an online survey to their graduating residents. Information was gathered on the number and types of nerve blocks performed, technique(s) utilized, perceived comfort level in performing nerve blocks, perceived quality of regional anesthesia teaching during residency, and suggested areas for improvement.

Results
One hundred and seven residents completed the survey. The majority completed more than 60 nerve blocks. Femoral and interscalene blocks were performed most frequently, with 59% and 41% of residents performing more than 20 of each procedure, respectively. The least-performed block was the lumber plexus block, with just 9% performing 20 or more blocks. Most residents reported feeling “very” to “somewhat” comfortable performing the surveyed blocks, with the exception of the lumber plexus block, where 64% were “not comfortable.” Overall, 78% of residents were “mostly” to “very satisfied” with the quality of education received during residency.

Conclusions
Most of the respondents fulfilled the ACGME requirement and expressed satisfaction with the peripheral nerve block education received during residency. However, the ACGME requirement for 40 nerve blocks may not be adequate for some residents to feel comfortable in performing a full range of blocks upon graduation. Many residents felt that curriculums incorporating simulator training and didactic lectures would be the most helpful method of improving the quality of their education pertaining to peripheral nerve blocks.
Design and application of a novel PNA probe for the detection at single cell level of JAK2V617Fmutation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Bracco Enrico , Rosso Valentina , Serra Anna , Carnuccio Francesca , Gaidano Valentina , Nicoli Paolo , Musto Pellegrino , Saglio Giuseppe , Frassoni Francesco , Cilloni Daniela 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Mutation(s) of the JAK2 gene (V617F) has been described in a significant proportion of Philadelphia negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) patients and its detection is now a cornerstone in the diagnostic algorithm.

Methods
We developed a novel assay based on peptide nucleic acid (PNA) technology coupled to immuno-fluorescence microscopy (PNA-FISH) for the specific detection at a single cell level of JAK2-mutation thus improving both the diagnostic resolution and the study of clonal prevalence.

Results
Using this assay we found a percentage of mutated CD34+ cells ranging from 40% to 100% in Polycythemia Vera patients, from 15% to 80% in Essential Thrombocythemia and from 25% to 100% in Primary Myelofibrosis. This method allows to distinguish, with a high degree of specificity, at single cell level, between CD34+ progenitor stem cells harbouring the mutated or the wild type form of JAK2 in NPM patients.

Conclusions
This method allows to identify multiple gene abnormalities which will be of paramount relevance to understand the pathophysiology and the evolution of any type of cancer.
Effect of a high bicarbonate mineral water on fasting and postprandial lipemia in moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects: a pilot study
Authors: Zair Yassine , Kasbi-Chadli Fatima , Housez Beatrice , Pichelin Mathieu , Cazaubiel Murielle , Raoux François , Ouguerram Khadija 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
During postprandial state, TG concentration is increasing and HDL cholesterol decreasing, leading to a transitory pro-atherosclerotic profile. Previous studies have reported that bicarbonate water improve postprandial lipemia. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of a strongly bicarbonated mineral water on lipoprotein levels during fasting and postprandial state.

Methods
A controlled, randomised, double-blind cross-over design was conducted in 12 moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects after a daily ingestion of 1.25 L of mineral (SY) or low mineral water during eight weeks separated by a one week wash-out period. Blood samples were collected in first visit to the hospital (V1) before water consumption (referent or SY) and in a second visit (V2) after eight week water consumption period. The effect of the consumed water was studied in fasting and in postprandial state during ingestion of a meal and 0.5 L of water.

Results
Comparison of data between V1 and V2 after SY consumption showed a significant decrease in triglyceridemia (23%), VLDL TG (31%) and tendency to a decrease of VLDL cholesterol (p = 0.066) at fasting state. Whatever the consumed water during postprandial state, the measurement of total areas under curves did not show a significant difference. No difference was observed between SY and referent water consumption for measured parameters at fasting and postprandial state.

Conclusion
When subjects consumed SY we showed a decrease of their basal TG and VLDLTG. The unexpected absence of effect of high mineralized water on postprandial lipemia, probably related to experimental conditions, is discussed in the discussion section.
Superovulation induces defective methylation in line-1 retrotransposon elements in blastocyst
Authors: Liang Xing-Wei , Cui Xiang-Shun , Sun Shao-Chen , Jin Yong-Xun , Heo Young Tae , Namgoong Suk , Kim Nam-Hyung 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Series of epigenetic events happen during preimplantation development. Therefore assistant reproduction techniques (ART) have the potential to disrupt epigenetic regulation during embryo development. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether defects in methylation patterns in blastocyst due to superovulation originate from abnormal expression of Dnmts.

Methods
Low- (6 IU) and high- (10 IU) dosage of PMSG was used to stimulate the female mice. The metaphase II(MII) oocytes, zygotes and blastocyst stage embryos were collected. Global methylation and methylation at H3K9 in zygote, and methylation at repeated sequence Line 1 and IAP in blastocysts were assayed. In addition, expression of Dnmts was examined in oocytes and zygotes.

Results
Global DNA methylation and methylation at H3K9 in zygotes derived from females after low- or high-dosage hormone treatment were unaltered compared to that in controls. Moreover, DNA methylation at IAP in blastocysts was also unaffected, regardless of hormone dosage. In contrast, methylation at Line1 decreased when high-dose hormone was administered. Unexpectedly, expression of Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, Dnmt3L as well as maintenance Dnmt1o in oocytes and zygotes was not disrupted.

Conclusions
The results suggest that defects in embryonic methylation patterns do not originate from the disruption of Dnmt expression.
Dabigatran versus warfarin under standard or pharmacogenetic-guided management for the prevention of stroke and systemic thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: a cost/utility analysis using an analytic decision model
Authors: Nshimyumukiza Léon , Duplantie Julie , Gagnon Mathieu , Douville Xavier , Fournier Diane , Lindsay Carmen , Parent Marc , Milot Alain , Giguère Yves , Gagné Christian , Rousseau François , Reinharz Daniel 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of heart arrhythmia and a leading cause of stroke and systemic embolism. Chronic anticoagulation is recommended for preventing those complications. Our study aimed to compare the cost/utility (CU) of three main anticoagulation options: 1) standard warfarin dosing (SD-W) 2) warfarin dosage under the guidance of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotyping (GT-W) and 3) dabigatran 150 mg twice a day.MethodsA Markov state transition model was built to simulate the expected C/U of dabigatran, SD-W and GT-W anticoagulation therapy for the prevention of stroke and systemic thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation over a period of 5 years under the perspective of the public health care system. Model inputs were derived from extensive literature search and government’s data bases. Outcomes considered were the number of total major events (thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events), total costs in Canadian dollars (1CAD$ = 1$US), total quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), costs/QALYs and incremental costs/QALYs gained (ICUR).ResultsRaw base case results show that SD-W has the lowest C/U ratio. However, the dabigatran option might be considered as an alternative, as its cost per additional QALY gained compared to SD-W is CAD $ 4 765, i.e. less than 50 000, the ICUR threshold generally accepted to adopt an intervention. At the same threshold, GT-W doesn’t appear to be an alternative to SD-W. Our results were robust to one-way and multi-way sensitivity analyses.ConclusionSD-W has the lowest C/U ratio among the 3 options. However, dabigatran might be considered as an alternative. GT-W is not C/U and should not currently be recommended for the routine anticoagulotherapy management of AF patients.
Plasma concentration of cis 9trans 11 CLA in males and females is influenced by SCD1 genetic variations and hormonal contraceptives: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdelmagid Salma A , Clarke Shannon E , Wong Jeremy , Roke Kaitlin , Nielsen Daiva , Badawi Alaa , El-Sohemy Ahmed , Mutch David M , Ma David WL 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
The conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis9trans11 CLA can be endogenously synthesized from trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11) via desaturation at the delta 9 position catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), also known as delta-9 desaturase (D9D). Diet, hormonal regulation of gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been implicated in altering circulating levels of fatty acids. Hormonal contraceptives (HC) have also been shown to influence levels of some fatty acids. SNPs in SCD1 have been associated with altered levels of palmitoleic and oleic acids; however, associations between SCD1 SNPs and D9D desaturation index have not been previously examined in relation to CLA. Herein, we investigated the effects of sex and HC use on circulating concentrations of c9t11 CLA and D9D desaturation index. Furthermore, we determined the effects of ten SCD1 SNPs on D9D desaturation indices estimated by product to precursor ratio of c9t11 CLA to C18:1 t11.

Methods
Plasma samples were collected from subjects (Caucasian males: n = 113; Caucasian females: n = 298; Asian males: n = 98; Asian females: n = 277) from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Circulating fatty acids levels were measured by gas chromatography.

Results
Results show that circulating c9t11 CLA concentrations are significantly higher in females than males and they are further elevated in females using HC. In addition, a significant sex- and ethnic-specific association was found between SCD1 SNP rs10883463 (p = 0.0014) and altered D9D activity in Caucasian males.

Conclusion
Findings from the present study identify SCD1 SNPs and hormonal contraceptives as factors altering endogenous c9t11 CLA levels in a sex- and ethnic-specific manner.
Phytochemicals and biological studies of plants in genus Hedysarum
Authors: Dong Yinmao , Tang Dongyan , Zhang Na , Li Yue , Zhang Chunhong , Li Li , Li Minhui 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In China, several species (Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz., Hedysarum limprichtii Hlbr., Hedysarum vicioider Turcz. var. Taipeicum Hand.-Mazz. Liu, Hedysarum smithianum, et al.) of genus Hedysarum have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In TCM, these plants are used to increase the energy of the body. To date, 155 compounds, including flavonoids, triterpenes, coumarins, lignanoids, nitrogen compounds, sterols, carbohydrates, fatty compounds, and benzofuran, have been isolated from plants of the genus Hedysarum. Various chemical constituents contribute to the antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, and anti-hypertensive properties of these plants. Hedysarum species are used to treat infestation with gastrointestinal nematodes and may support the immune system and peripheral nervous system. In the present review, we summarize the research on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Hedysarum species, which will be useful for better utilization of these important species in TCM.