bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ausbildung von Physiotherapeutinnen und Physiotherapeuten in Deutschland: Bereit für den Direktzugang?
Authors: Konrad R. , Konrad A. , Geraedts M. 
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Ziel dieser Studie ist es zu untersuchen, ob die Vorgaben für die Physiotherapieausbildung in Deutschland konform zu den Empfehlungen der „World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) WCPT guideline for physical therapist professional entry level education“ sind. Diese Leitlinie beschreibt Ausbildungsstandards für Physiotherapeuten und Physiotherapeutinnen, die in der Lage sind, als selbständige Praktiker und Praktikerinnen, ohne ärztliche Verordnung zu handeln.
Methodik: Aus der WCPT–Leitlinie wurde eine Liste der dort beschriebenen Kompetenzen inhaltsanalytisch abgeleitet. Die einzelnen Kompetenzen dienten als Einschätzungsdimensionen zur Beurteilung deutscher Ausbildungsgrundlagen. Die Inhaltsvalidität dieser Einschätzungsdimensionen wurde durch neun Expertinnenen und Experten in einem Lawshe-Verfahren ermittelt. Zur Beurteilung der Ausbildungsgrundlagen wurden die Ausbildungs und Prüfungsverordnung für Physiotherapeuten und Physiotherapeutinnen (PhysTh APrV) und alle verfügbaren Länder-Lehrpläne herangezogen und mittels einer skalierenden Strukturierung durch 2 unabhängige Kodierer beurteilt.
Ergebnisse: Auf der Basis des Lawshe Verfahrens verblieben 61 von 67 geprüften Einschätzungsdimensionen, die einen Whole Test Content Validity Index (CVI) von 0,84 aufwiesen. Der Kappa Koeffizient nach Cohen für die Interkodierer-Reliabilität lag zwischen 0,71 und 0,97. Die deutschen Ausbildungsgrundlagen zeigten eine hohe Konformität zur WCPT-Leitlinie in vielen theoretischen Grundlagenfächern. Bei den übrigen Anforderungen ergab sich ein heterogenes Bild des Erfüllungsgrads. Vor allem besondere Kompetenzen autonom handelnder Praktiker und Praktikerinnen fehlten weitgehend.
Schlussfolgerung: Kein deutscher Ausbildungsstandard entspricht den Anforderungen für den Direktzugang. In Anbetracht der beschriebenen Defizite der deutschen Ausbildungsgrundlagen und des Alters einiger Dokumente scheint eine kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung der deutschen Physiotherapieausbildung noch nicht in einem für den Direktzugang ausreichenden Maße stattgefunden zu haben. Dies ist in Anbetracht der aktuellen gesundheitspolitischen Diskussion dringend nachzuholen.
Towards biodiversity-based livestock systems: review of evidence and options for improvement.
Authors: Sabatier R. , Durant D. , Hazard L. , Lauvie A. , Lecrivain E. , Magda D. , Martel G. , Roche B. , Sainte Marie C. de , Teillard F. , Tichit M. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
A major challenge for livestock farming systems (LFSs) is to reconcile production with the management of natural resources, especially biodiversity and ecosystem services. Based on a review of research conducted on grassland- and rangeland-based LFSs, this paper addresses this challenge by analysing biodiversity as a product of and a key resource for LFSs. Although most studies reveal antagonisms between biodiversity and production, our findings show that it is possible to move towards synergies. The literature review sheds light on five points: (i) moving beyond an antagonistic view of biodiversity and production by considering biodiversity as a resource requires new criteria for biodiversity categorization from a taxonomic view to a functional one; (ii) functional biodiversity (both domestic and wild) considered as a resource provides beneficial properties (e.g. stability and resilience) to LFSs; (iii) links between production and biodiversity cannot be simply summarized as having a negative impact of production intensity as management practices have various impacts on the different components of biodiversity; (iv) impact assessment studies linking management of LFSs and biodiversity reveal complex multi-level interactions between grassland or rangeland management and biodiversity; (v) a large range of management options are available to move towards biodiversity-based LFSs. We conclude that future research should address the challenge of collective management of wild biodiversity at higher levels of organization (landscapes, territories, etc.) and that such collective management would greatly benefit from the experience of domestic biodiversity.
Resveratrol inhibits the hydrogen dioxide-induced apoptosis via Sirt 1 activation in osteoblast cells
Authors: He Na , Zhu Xuewei , He Wei , Zhao Shiwei , Zhao Weiyan , Zhu Chunlei 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Sirt 1 plays a critical role in stress responses. We determined the deregulation of Sirt 1 activity, p53 acetylation, Bcl-2 expression, and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in mouse osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells which were exposed to H2O2. And then we investigated the protective role of Sirt 1 activator, Resveratrol (RSV), against the H2O2-induced apoptosis. Results demonstrated that Sirt 1 and Bcl-2 were inhibited, whereas p53 acetylation, Bax, and caspase 9 were promoted by H2O2, as was aggravated by the Sirt 1 inhibitor, EX-527. Instead, RSV inhibited the H2O2-induced both p53 acetylation and the caspase 9 activation, whereas ameliorated the H2O2-induced Bcl-2 inhibition and apoptosis. In conclusion, Sirt 1 was downregulated during the H2O2-induced apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells. And the chemical activation of Sirt 1 inhibited the H2O2-induced apoptosis via the downregulation of p53 acetylation. Our results suggest that Sirt 1 upregulation appears to be an important strategy to inhibit the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis.
Bilateral vestibular schwannomas: the challenge of neurofibromatosis type 2
Authors: Grover Patrick , Bradford Robert 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Vestibular schwannomas are benign tumours that are said to originate predominantly from the superior vestibular nerve. Their incidence is estimated to be between 2-20 cases per million worldwide, comprising approximately 5-10% of intracranial tumours. They arise in the cerebellopontine angle accounting for approximately 90% of mass lesions in this location. This chapter discusses how to recognise and treat vestibular schwannomas. Vestibular schwannomas may be managed conservatively, surgically or with radiotherapy. Combined modality treatment has also been successfully reported, for example sub-total debulking followed by gamma knife therapy for large vestibular schwannomas. Tumours may be approached surgically via three approaches. The two most commonly used are retrosigmoid transmeatal and translabyrinthine, with the middle cranial fossa approach less prevalent. Treatment of these tumours will increasingly depend on less invasive modalities including focussed radiation techniques and molecular chemotherapeutics. Radiosurgery is significantly less effective in NF2 associated schwannomas and this represents a particular challenge in management. Clinical trials of bevacizumab (a VEGF inhibitor), and Lapatinib (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in NF2 are ongoing.
Endoscopic resection of a growth hormone-secreting pituitary macroadenoma
Authors: Paluzzi Alessandro , Gardner Paul 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Pituitary tumors represent the third most common primary brain tumour after gliomas and meningiomas. Autopsy studies confirmed a frequency in the population of 14.4%. The prevalence of acromegaly is in the order of 40-125 cases per million and its annual incidence is 3 to 4 cases per million, although recent studies suggest that it might as high as 1,034 cases per million. This chapter discusses the diagnosis and presentation of growth hormone-secreting pituitary macroadenoma. There is not enough evidence to favor surgery versus conservative management in asymptomatic patients with non-functioning adenomas since their life-time risk of developing visual field defects, hypopituitarism or pituitary apoplexy is not known. Studies however seem to suggest that patients with macroadenomas are at higher risk than patients with microadenoamas to develop such events. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) guidelines recommend surgery as the primary mode of therapy in all GH-secreting microadenomas and all macroadenomas with mass effect.
Cerebral metastasis
Authors: Werndle Melissa C. , Marsh Henry 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The incidence of cerebral metastases, which is the most common type of adult brain tumour, is up to 40% in patients diagnosed with a primary systemic cancer. The common primary sites are lung, breast, melanoma, renal and colorectal. Most systemic treatments for primary malignancies do not cross the blood brain barrier therefore we are seeing an increase in brain metastases, in patients who previously would not have survived their primary disease. This chapter explores the diagnosis and management options for intracerebral metastases. The current treatment options available for brain metastases are radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, and surgery (open surgical resection). A challenge is to balance prolongation of life with maximising quality of life. At times, these principles are at odds and each case must be considered individually. In general, in patients with a good performance status (Karnofsky over 70, or performance status 0, 1, 2) and controlled extracranial disease, surgical resection followed by whole brain radiotherapy confers the maximum survival. This is superior to whole brain radiotherapy alone.
Peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Sophie J. Camp , Birch Rolfe 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn blast injury, the patient is exposed to a shock wave at close range, without any fracture, or signs of significant soft tissue injury. The underlying mechanism is, as yet, not fully understood. Large fibre conduction recovers, but the small fibres repair more slowly, and sometimes imperfectly. This chapter discusses how to assess and surgically address peripheral nerve injury. It is generally advocated that patients with traumatic peripheral nerve injuries, including closed brachial plexus traction lesions, should undergo surgery as early as possible, as this has been shown to optimise recovery. Peripheral nerve injuries offer many challenges, especially those that are proximal, involving the nerve plexus, and/or are complicated by other injuries. Secondary distal damage to a peripheral nerve can further confuse the clinical picture. A thorough history and examination, together with appropriate imaging and neurophysiological investigations, allow accurate diagnosis and prognosis. The management of such severe blast injury to peripheral nerves is a new phenomenon requiring further research.
Temporal regulation of dUTP biosynthesis limits uracil incorporation during early DNA replication
Authors: Bryan D. Suzi , Hesselberth Jay R. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTAntimetabolite chemotherapies increase uracil levels in DNA, and thus identification of factors that influence the uracil content in DNA may have implications for understanding uracil-mediated chromosomal instability. We previously showed in the budding yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaethat uracil content in DNA correlates with replication timing, where the earliest and latest replicating regions are depleted in uracil. Here, we manipulated nucleotide biosynthesis enzymes in budding yeast to determine whether the pattern of uracil incorporation could be altered. In strains with high levels of uracil incorporation, deletion of dCMP deaminase (Dcd1) accelerated uracil incorporation at early-firing origins, likely due to rapid dTTP pool depletion. In contrast, increasing the activity of ribonucleotide reductase, which is required for the synthesis of all dNTPs via ribonucleotide diphosphates, lead to dUTP and dTTP pool equilibration and a concomitant increase in uracil content throughout the genome. These data suggest that uracil availability and the dUTP:dTTP ratio are temporally regulated during S phase and govern uracil incorporation into the genome. Therapeutic manipulation of nucleotide biosynthesis in human cells to either increase the dUTP pool or deplete the dTTP pool in early S phase may therefore improve the efficacy of antimetabolite chemotherapies.
Effects of Diet on Plumage Coloration and Pigment Deposition in Red and Yellow Domestic Canaries
Authors: Koch Rebecca , McGraw Kevin J. , Hill Geoffrey E. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe Atlantic Canary (Serinus canaria) is the most common caged bird with extensive carotenoid plumage coloration. Domestic strains of canaries have been bred for a range of colors and patterns, making them a valuable model for studies of the genetic bases for feather pigmentation. However, no detailed account has been published on the feather pigments of the various strains of this species, particularly in relation to dietary pigments available during molt. Moreover, in the twentieth century, aviculturists created a red canary by crossing Atlantic Canaries with Red Siskins (Carduelis cucullata). This “red-factor” canary is reputed to metabolically transform yellow dietary pigments into red ketocarotenoids, but such metabolic capacity has yet to be documented in controlled experiments. We fed molting yellow and red-factor canaries seed diets supplemented with either β-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, or β-cryptoxanthin/β-carotene and measured the coloration and carotenoid content of newly grown feathers. On all diets, yellow canaries grew yellow feathers and red canaries grew red feathers. Yellow canaries deposited dietary pigments and metabolically derived canary xanthophylls into feathers. Red-factor canaries deposited the same plumage carotenoids as yellow canaries, but also deposited red ketocarotenoids. Red-factor canaries deposited higher total amounts of carotenoids than yellow canaries, but otherwise there was little effect of diet treatment on feather hue or chroma. These observations indicate that canaries can use a variety of dietary precursors to produce plumage coloration and that red canaries can metabolically convert yellow dietary carotenoids into red ketocarotenoids.
Big bangs and cold wars
Authors: Seifert Roger 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief and partial overview of some of the issues and authors that have dominated British industrial relations research since 1965. It is cast in terms of that year being the astronomical Big Bang from which all else was created. It traces a spectacular growth in academic interest and departments throughout the 1970s and 1980s, and then comments on the petering out of the tradition and its very existence (Darlington, 2009; Smith, 2011).Design/methodology/approach– There are no methods other than a biased look through the literature.Findings– These show a liberal oppression of the Marxist interpretation of class struggle through trade unions, collective bargaining, strikes, and public policy. At first through the Cold War and later, less well because many Marxists survived and thrived in industrial relations departments until after 2000, through closing courses and choking off demand. This essay exposes the hypocrisy surrounding notions of academic freedom, and throws light on the determination of those in the labour movement and their academic allies to push forward wage controls and stunted bargaining regimes, alongside restrictions on strikes, in the name of moderation and the middle ground.Originality/value– An attempt to correct the history as written by the pro tem victors.
Measuring the perceived value of malls in a non-Western context: the case of the UAE
Authors: El-Adly Mohammed Ismail , Eid Riyad 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to identify the dimensions of a shopper consumption experience at the mall level, in relation to previous research on customer-perceived value. It aims to identify the customer-perceived value constructs of shopping malls (MALLVAL) and develop items for measuring these constructs, empirically validate the scale, carry out an initial investigation of the relationship, if any, among the MALLVAL dimensions, and discuss useful managerial implications based on the exploratory analysis of the statistical relationships between the various MALLVAL dimensions.Design/methodology/approach– The constructs were tested and validated by means of a multidimensional procedure on a sample of 368 mall shoppers in the UAE. Amos 19 was used for this purpose.Findings– The study revealed eight dimensions of MALLVAL: first, hedonic value; second, self-gratification value; third, utilitarian value; fourth, epistemic value; fifth, social interaction value; sixth, spatial convenience value; seventh, transaction value; and eighth, time convenience value.Research limitations/implications– Although the current sample is big and diverse enough and the findings may be representative, the authors urge other researchers to replicate the study and get replies from different countries and in particular to use the measures developed in this study to test their robustness.Practical implications– Recognition of the importance of the different dimensions of MALLVAL should encourage mall developers and managers to develop mall attributes and shopping environments that provide the different values that compose MALLVAL.Originality/value– This study makes a number of contributions to the research on customer-perceived value in the mall context in an Arabian environment by developing and validating a multidimensional scale that consists of more different constructs than hedonic and utilitarian values alone.
Efficiency and convergence analysis in a women’s clothing retail store chain
Authors: Xavier José Manuel , Moutinho Victor Manuel , Moreira Antonio Carrizo 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to estimate retailing efficiency in a 26-store women clothing retail chain and to decompose it in several measures in order to contribute to the performance improvement of this retail service firm, as well as to compare the efficiency of the different decision making units.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper uses the following measures to estimate efficiency: sigma convergence analysis; efficiency analysis; technical efficiency (TE) analysis; pure technical efficiency (PTE) analysis and scale efficiency (SE) analysis for a set of 26 stores of a women retail service brand operating in Portugal. A cross-section input-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to analyse quarterly data sets from 2010 to 2013.

Findings
– The results show that costs with personnel are slightly increasing when analysed using the sigma convergence method, although there are some geographical differences. Moreover, it is possible to witness that the retail store chain’s TE diminishes as the operations outputs do not grow as fast as input savings. On the other hand, there are no SE problems as the levels of SE are larger than pure efficiency levels.

Research limitations/implications
– The main limitation of the study stems from the fact that the analysis is based on a simple retail chain, which makes it a single case study. Therefore, the generalisation of the conclusions for other firms or for other periods of analysis should be made cautiously.

Practical implications
– It is shown that some stores have a good TE and other stores have some SE advantage. As such, it is possible to select some stores as benchmarks to deploy internal efficiency throughout the retail chain.

Originality/value
– The contribution of this paper is based on the application of the sigma conversion and DEA techniques to evaluate efficiency in retail service store.
Retail companies’ internationalization behavior and the 2008 crisis
Authors: Pederzoli Daniele , Kuppelwieser Volker G. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to challenge earlier recommendations and explanations regarding companies’ behaviour after an economic shock and analyses worldwide retail companies’ internationalization processes before and after the 2008 crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
– Drawing on information published between 2003 and 2012, the authors focus on the 2008 crisis and analyse 1,500 different internationalization moves by 109 companies from 26 countries.

Findings
– The analyses confirm that the pace of retail internationalization increased after the 2008 crisis, that these companies had mainly moved into countries with newly developing economies, and that the entry modes ranged from high-cost entry modes and low-cost strategies.

Originality/value
– This paper provides an initial indication of retailers’ actual internationalization behaviour in the period considered. Such material has not been available previously as international retailing research has primarily focused on theoretical assumptions. By focusing on the current financial crisis, the authors highlight the problem that researchers investigating various company behaviours face when comparing these to the theoretical expectations. By using a worldwide, multisectorial, and longitudinal retailing sample to illustrate the internationalization process, the authors not only generalize companies’ internationalization behaviour, but also challenge earlier recommendations and explanations regarding their behaviour after an economic shock.
Mental capacity and deprivation of liberty: the Law Commission’s consultation paper
Authors: Spencer-Lane Tim 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to introduce the readership to the consultation being held by the Law Commission concerning proposed revisions to the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS).

Design/methodology/approach
– Discussion of the consultation being held by the Law Commission concerning proposed revisions to the DoLS.

Findings
– These are as yet unknown as the consultation period is ongoing – it is planned that a future paper will examine the findings and recommendations from the consultation process.

Practical implications
– There has been criticism of the DoLS since their introduction in 2009. A new scheme provides the opportunity to respond to some of the criticisms and to develop more appropriate processes. The paper invites readers to take part in the consultation process and to respond to the proposals that have been developed.

Social implications
– A new and more appropriate scheme would be beneficial for service users and families/caregivers.

Originality/value
– This is the first opportunity for a revision to the DoLS scheme and introduction of the proposed scheme and the consultation process to the readership is highly appropriate and valuable to the Journal.