bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large‐scale variations in the vegetation growing season and annual cycle of atmospheric CO2 at high northern latitudes from 1950 to 2011
Authors: Barichivich Jonathan , Briffa Keith R. , Myneni Ranga B. , Osborn Timothy J. , Melvin Thomas M. , Ciais Philippe , Piao Shilong , Tucker Compton 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe combine satellite and ground observations during 1950–2011 to study the long‐term links between multiple climate (air temperature and cryospheric dynamics) and vegetation (greenness and atmospheric CO2 concentrations) indicators of the growing season of northern ecosystems (>45°N) and their connection with the carbon cycle. During the last three decades, the thermal potential growing season has lengthened by about 10.5 days (P < 0.01, 1982–2011), which is unprecedented in the context of the past 60 years. The overall lengthening has been stronger and more significant in Eurasia (12.6 days, P < 0.01) than North America (6.2 days, P > 0.05). The photosynthetic growing season has closely tracked the pace of warming and extension of the potential growing season in spring, but not in autumn when factors such as light and moisture limitation may constrain photosynthesis. The autumnal extension of the photosynthetic growing season since 1982 appears to be about half that of the thermal potential growing season, yielding a smaller lengthening of the photosynthetic growing season (6.7 days at the circumpolar scale, P < 0.01). Nevertheless, when integrated over the growing season, photosynthetic activity has closely followed the interannual variations and warming trend in cumulative growing season temperatures. This lengthening and intensification of the photosynthetic growing season, manifested principally over Eurasia rather than North America, is associated with a long‐term increase (22.2% since 1972, P < 0.01) in the amplitude of the CO2 annual cycle at northern latitudes. The springtime extension of the photosynthetic and potential growing seasons has apparently stimulated earlier and stronger net CO2 uptake by northern ecosystems, while the autumnal extension is associated with an earlier net release of CO2 to the atmosphere. These contrasting responses may be critical in determining the impact of continued warming on northern terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon cycle.
Synthesis and characterization of a glycerol salicylate resin for bioactive root canal sealers
Authors: Portella F. F. , Santos P. D. , Lima G. B. , Leitune V. C. B. , Petzhold C. L. , Collares F. M. , Samuel S. M. W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAimTo develop and characterize a salicylate resin with potential use in bioactive endodontic sealers.MethodologyMethyl salicylate, glycerol and titanium isopropoxide were added in a closed system for the transesterification reaction. The resin obtained was characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). To verify the applicability of the resin to the development of endodontic sealers, experimental cements were prepared by mixing glycerol salicylate resin, calcium hydroxide and methyl salicylate in the ratios of 2 : 1 : 1, 1 : 2 : 1, 1 : 1 : 2, 1 : 1 : 1, 4 : 1 : 1, 1 : 4 : 1 and 1 : 1 : 4. Setting times were measured according to ISO 6876. Features of the hardening reaction were described by micro‐RAMAN spectroscopy.ResultsThe transesterification reaction had a 72% efficiency. The 1H NMR analysis revealed the presence of the expected functional groups (hydroxyls and aromatic rings), and the SEC confirmed the molar mass of the resin produced. The setting times of experimental sealers ranged from 70 min (ratio 1 : 1 : 1) to 490 min (ratio 1 : 1 : 4). The conversion of the salicylic groups (1 613 cm−1) to salicylate salt (1 543 cm−1) and the reduction in calcium hydroxide peaks (1084 and 682 cm−1) were confirmed by micro‐RAMAN spectroscopy, which showed the calcium chelation by the resin.ConclusionThe new glycerol salicylate resin was successfully synthesized and revealed a potential application in the development of endodontic sealers.
Evaluation of registered nurses' knowledge and practice of documentation at a Jamaican hospital
Authors: Blake‐Mowatt C. , Lindo J.L.M. , Bennett J. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundDocumentation is central to the management of patients in hospitals. Nurses are trained to follow the Ministry of Health Jamaica's policy on documentation, which is available in all public hospitals.AimAudit of documentation practices by registered nurses at a referral hospital.MethodsNinety patient records from three medical wards were audited for documentation practices using an approved Jamaican Ministry of Health tool. Qualitative data regarding the nurses' experience with documentation were gathered from a focus group discussion of 12 nurses assigned to the audited wards.FindingsMost nurses (98%) followed documentation guidelines for admission by recording patients' past complaints, medical history and assessment data; used authorized abbreviations only (97%); documented nursing actions taken after identification of a problem and a provided a summary of the patients' condition at the end of the shift (98%). However, only 26% of the records had nursing diagnosis, which corresponded to the current medical diagnosis and 48% had documented evidence of discharge planning. Eighty‐seven per cent had no evidence of patient teaching. The main reported factors affecting documentation practices were workload and staff/patient ratios. Participants believed that nursing documentation could be improved with better staffing, improved peer guidance and continuing education.ConclusionsThe study showed high levels of accurate documentation by nurses at a referral hospital in Western Jamaica and the nurses appeared to be familiar with the required documentation guidelines with policy manuals available on each ward. Weaknesses in discharged planning and patient teaching were identified, which should be addressed by targeted continuing nursing.
Role of fibronectin in normal wound healing
Authors: Lenselink Ellie A 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFibronectin is an adhesive molecule that plays a crucial role in wound healing, particularly in extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and also in reepithelialisation. Fibronectin plays many different roles in the wound healing process because of the presence of specific function domains and binding sites in its structure. Fibronectin interacts with different cell types, cytokines and the ECM. The main role of fibronectin is ECM formation. First, plasma fibronectin forms a provisional fibrin–fibronectin matrix, which will later be replaced by the mature ECM‐containing tissue fibronectin.
Oral microbial colonization in laryngectomized patients as a possible cofactor of biofilm formation on their voice prostheses
Authors: Bertl Kristina , Zatorska Beata , Leonhard Matthias , Rechenmacher‐Strauss Julia , Roesner Imme , Schneider‐Stickler Berit 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAimBiofilm formation on voice prostheses, which are used for voice rehabilitation in laryngectomized patients, is a main cause of device failure. The aim of this study was to assess whether the presence of periodontal pathogens in the biofilm on voice prostheses is related to that in the oral cavity and associated with the periodontal status of the patients.MethodsThirty‐one laryngectomized patients were invited to participate, 13 of whom met exclusion criteria. The remaining 18 were classified according to the community periodontal index of treatment needs (community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN), grades 0–4). Biofilm samples from the oral cavity and voice prostheses were analysed by PCR‐based hybridization for 11 pathogens.ResultsAll dentate patients required periodontal treatment (CPITN‐3: n = 4, CPITN‐4: n = 8); the remaining six were edentulous. The diversity (i.e. number of bacterial species detected) of pathogens detected on the voice prostheses correlated significantly positively with the diversity of pathogens in the oral cavity and with clinical parameters. Furthermore, the diversity of pathogens differed significantly between dentate and edentulous patients.ConclusionsResults emphasize the oral cavity as an important source of bacteria for biofilm formation on voice prostheses. Whether these pathogens reduce the lifetime of the device by increased biofilm formation and/or increase the risk of silicone deterioration requires further study.
Framework for Applying a Complex Adaptive System Approach to Model the Operation of Eco‐Industrial Parks
Authors: Romero Elena , Ruiz M. Carmen 
Published: June 2013

SummaryModels of eco‐industrial parks (EIPs) might help us transform our production systems by fostering the emergence of sustainable EIPs since such models have the potential to support the decision‐making processes of cooperative companies that participate and to decrease operational uncertainties. In this article, a conceptual framework for modeling the operation of EIPs is presented. The framework is underpinned by complex adaptive systems theory, industrial ecology, and an analysis of the experiences of existing EIPs. The proposed framework draws on the observed strengths of two types of industrial symbiosis models—planned eco‐industrial parks (PEIPs) and EIPs that developed through self‐organizing symbiosis (SOS)—as well as their observed weaknesses and the features of complex adaptive systems. From this analysis, five key properties to be modeled are deduced: functionality, reliability, life span, theoretical knowledge, and adaptability. It is proposed that the properties of functionality and theoretical knowledge are determined by the goals of the EIP and its member companies, while the property of adaptability is determined by the understanding that the companies in an EIP have of the environment surrounding the EIP, while the properties of reliability and life span are determined by the internal and external relationships of the companies that make up an EIP.
Aerobic training improved low‐grade inflammation in obese women with intellectual disability
Authors: Ordonez F. J. , Rosety M. A. , Camacho A. , Rosety I. , Diaz A. J. , Fornieles G. , Garcia N. , Rosety‐Rodriguez M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundObesity is a major health problem in people with intellectual disabilities. It is also widely accepted that low‐grade systemic inflammation associated to obesity plays a key role in the pathogenic mechanism of several disorders. Fortunately, physical activity has shown to improve inflammation in people with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, we assessed the influence of aerobic training on pro‐inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins in women with Down syndrome.MethodsTo achieve this outcome, 20 premenopausal obese young women with Down syndrome volunteered for this study. Eleven were randomly assigned to the intervention group and performed a 10‐week aerobic training programme, three sessions per week, consisting of a warm‐up then a 30‐ to 40‐min treadmill exercise at a work intensity of 55–65% of peak heart rate followed by a cooling‐down period. The control group included nine age‐, sex‐ and body mass index‐matched women with Down syndrome. Fat mass percentage and fat distribution were measured. Plasmatic levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6 and fibrinogen were assessed by commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. C‐reactive protein (CRP) was assessed by nephelometry.ResultsPlasmatic levels of TNF‐α (11.7 ± 1.6 vs. 9.2 ± 1.3 pg/ml; P = 0.022), IL‐6 (8.2 ± 1.1 vs. 6.1 ± 0.9 pg/ml; P = 0.014) and high sensitive CRP (0.62 ± 0.11 vs. 0.53 ± 0.09 mg/dl; P = 0.009) were significantly reduced in the intervention group. Further, significant correlations between plasmatic and anthropometric parameters were found.ConclusionA 10‐week training programme reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins in obese young women with Down syndrome. Long‐term, well‐conducted studies are still required to determine whether correction of this low‐grade inflammation improves clinical outcomes of women with trisomy 21.
Antibodies bound to Aβ oligomers potentiate the neurotoxicity of Aβ by activating microglia
Authors: Morkuniene Ramune , Zvirbliene Aurelija , Dalgediene Indre , Cizas Paulius , Jankeviciute Silvija , Baliutyte Giedre , Jokubka Ramunas , Jankunec Marija , Valincius Gintaras , Borutaite Vilmante 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBeta amyloid (Aβ) oligomers are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, clinical trials using Aβ immunization were unsuccessful due to strong brain inflammation, the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. In this study we tested whether monoclonal antibodies to oligomeric Aβ would prevent the neurotoxicity of Aβ oligomers in primary neuronal‐glial cultures. However, surprisingly, the antibodies dramatically increased the neurotoxicity of Aβ. Antibodies bound to monomeric Aβ fragments were non‐toxic to cultured neurons, while antibodies to other oligomeric proteins: hamster polyomavirus major capsid protein, human metapneumovirus nucleocapsid protein, and measles virus nucleocapsid protein, strongly potentiated the neurotoxicity of their antigens. The neurotoxicity of antibody‐oligomeric antigen complexes was abolished by removal of the Fc region from the antibodies or by removal of microglia from cultures, and was accompanied by inflammatory activation and proliferation of the microglia in culture. In conclusion, we find that immune complexes formed by Aβ oligomers or other oligomeric/multimeric antigens and their specific antibodies can cause death and loss of neurons in primary neuronal‐glial cultures via Fc‐dependent microglial activation. The results suggest that therapies resulting in antibodies to oligomeric Aβ or oligomeric brain virus proteins should be used with caution or with suppression of microglial activation.
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Immunization against Aβ in Alzheimer's disease carries a significant risk of neuroinflammation, the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. In this study we show that oligomeric antigens such as Aβ and viral proteins complexed with their specific antibodies can exert neurotoxic effects by Fc‐dependent microglia activation. This suggests that therapies using antibodies against oligomeric proteins should be used with caution.
Dietary supplementation and engaging in physical activity as predictors of coronary artery disease among middle‐aged women
Authors: Tsai Ching‐Ching , Hsieh Ming‐Hsiung , Li Ai‐Hsien , Chen Ping‐Ling , Jeng Chii 
Published: June 2013

Aim and objectivesTo explore risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) among middle‐aged women in Taiwan.BackgroundCoronary artery disease is a leading cause of death among females. Risk factors for CAD vary due to differences in ethnicity, gender and age. However, few studies have documented risk factors among middle‐aged women.DesignWe employed a cross‐sectional, comparative study design.MethodsSixty‐five middle‐aged women who were suspected of having CAD and who received cardiac catheterisation were purposively sampled and divided into a CAD group (with at least one coronary artery with > 50% stenosis) and a control group, according to the results of catheterisation. Individual questionnaires regarding their medical history, blood test results, sociodemographic characteristics, metabolism, biomarkers and lifestyle risk factors were administered and quantified.ResultsThe mean age of the 65 women (31 CAD and 34 controls) was 56·2 years. Within the CAD group, there was a greater incidence of women with a history of diabetes mellitus (DM), increased fasting blood glucose and increased diastolic blood pressure. Comparatively fewer women within the CAD category used dietary supplements or had a lower level of physical activity. After adjusting for other confounders, it was discovered that women who used dietary supplements (OR = 0·28; p = 0·04) and engaged in physical activities (OR = 0·16; p = 0·02) were less likely to develop CAD.ConclusionsUse of dietary supplements and engaging in physical activities can significantly predict the incidence of CAD among middle‐aged women in Taiwan.Relevance to clinical practiceMiddle‐aged women should be encouraged to take appropriate dietary supplements and engage in physical activity in order to prevent CAD.
The End of the World Designed with Men in Mind
Authors: Glendinning Simon 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAccording to Derrida, the European self‐understanding marking the name “Man” is governed by eschatology and teleology. Man is that being on its way towards its proper end. The times of science seemed to Kant and others to be evidence of just such progress. For Freud, by contrast, the great scientific achievements of Copernicus, Darwin and Freud have cumulatively contributed a series of de‐centring blows to our “self‐love”. This paper explores the nature of great scientific achievements, and raises the possibility of a further devastating blow to Man, this time in the twentieth century, and connected to the name of Marx.
Corporate Turnarounds: The Duality of Retrenchment and Recovery
Authors: Schmitt Achim , Raisch Sebastian 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCorporate turnaround research has described retrenchment and recovery as contradictory forces that should be addressed separately. While a few scholars have argued that retrenchment and recovery are interrelated and may have to be integrated, others have contended that such arguments are flawed since they downplay the contradictions between the two activities. In this paper, we clarify the nature of the retrenchment–recovery interrelations, as well as their importance for turnaround performance. Drawing on the paradox literature, we argue that retrenchment and recovery form a duality: they are both contradictory and complementary. Integrating the two activities allows turnaround firms to create benefits that exceed the costs of their integration, which affects turnaround performance positively. We test our arguments through an empirical study of 107 Central European turnaround initiatives and find evidence for the assumed duality between retrenchment and recovery. Our main contribution is integrating the hitherto disparate theory perspectives of corporate turnaround into an overarching framework.
Impact of children's influenza‐like illnesses on parental quality of life: A qualitative study
Authors: Chow Maria Yui Kwan , Morrow Angela M , Booy Robert , Leask Julie 
Published: June 2013

AimsInfluenza and influenza‐like illness (ILI) in otherwise healthy children has considerable impact on their parents. This study explored the impact of children's ILI on parental quality of life (QoL).MethodsWe conducted qualitative in‐depth interviews with parents of children aged 6 months–3 years with severe ILI. Children from childcare centres in Sydney, Australia were followed through the 2010 influenza season. Questions covered child's symptoms, parents' experiences including medical care visits, impact on the family's daily routine, and emotional, physical and social well‐being. Interviews were analysed using a modified grounded theory approach.ResultsWe conducted 21 interviews with 23 parents. Five main themes emerged: ‘sudden changes in daily life’, ‘emotional impact’, ‘social isolation and relationship changes’, ‘importance of family and friend support’ and ‘interaction with the medical system’. Perceived practical and emotional support from family and/or friends and consultations with the doctor appeared to moderate the impact.ConclusionsSevere ILI in children has a considerable impact on their parents' QoL, through disruptions of normal life routine, social isolation and stress in coping with the sick child. These impacts should be considered when introducing flexible workplace policies designed to minimise the impact on parental QoL. Prevention strategies such as vaccinating children against influenza may help alleviate this impact at a population level.
Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on the signs, symptoms and clinical consequences of premature ejaculation
Authors: Mohammadi Seyyed Davoud , Mohammadkhani Parvaneh , Dolatshahi Behruz , Dadkhah Asghar 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to assess the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the signs, symptoms, and clinical‐sexual consequences of premature ejaculation, including sexual esteem, sexual anxiety, sexual depression, sexual fear, and sexual satisfaction of patients and their wives. Fifteen patients with premature ejaculation were selected and received cognitive behavioral therapy of eight to 12 sessions. Finally, the data collected from 12 patients were analyzed using paired t‐tests. The results of the analysis showed that all of the variables changed after the treatment. All of the changes were statistically significant with a tendency towards improvement. CBT can be a more popular and effective treatment provided to patients suffering from premature ejaculation.
Understanding Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Intentions: Comparative Utility of the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior in Vaccine Target Age Women and Men
Authors: Fisher William A. , Kohut Taylor , Salisbury Claire M.A. , Salvadori Marina I. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an exceedingly prevalent sexually transmitted infection with serious medical, sexual, and relationship consequences. HPV vaccine protection is available but vaccine uptake is very inconsistent.

Aims
This research applies two major theories of health behavior uptake, the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior, in an effort to understand intentions to receive HPV vaccine among vaccine target age women and men. The Theory of Reasoned Action asserts that attitudes toward HPV vaccination and perceptions of social support for HPV vaccination are the determinants of intentions to be vaccinated, whereas the Theory of Planned Behavior holds that attitudes toward vaccination, perceptions of social support for vaccination, and perceived ability to get vaccinated are the determinants of intentions to be vaccinated.

Methods
Canadian university men (N = 118) and women (N = 146) in the HPV vaccine target age range took part in this correlational study online.

Main Outcome Measures
Participants completed standard measures of attitudes toward HPV vaccination, perceptions of social support for vaccination, perceived ability to get vaccinated, beliefs about vaccination, and intentions to be vaccinated in the coming semester.

Results
Findings confirmed the propositions of the Theory of Reasoned Action and indicated that attitudes toward undergoing HPV vaccination and perceptions of social support for undergoing HPV vaccination contributed uniquely to the prediction of women's (R2 = 0.53) and men's (R2 = 0.44) intentions to be vaccinated in the coming semester.

Conclusion
Clinical and public health education should focus on strengthening attitudes and perceptions of social support for HPV vaccination, and on the basic beliefs that appear to underlie attitudes and perceptions of social support for HPV vaccination, in efforts to promote HPV vaccine uptake.