bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chlorogenic Acid Activates CFTR‐Mediated Cl– Secretion in Mice and Humans
Authors: Illing Elisa A. , Cho Do‐Yeon , Zhang Shaoyan , Skinner Daniel F. , Dunlap Quinn A. , Sorscher Eric J. , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesSalubrious effects of the green coffee bean are purportedly secondary to high concentrations of chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid has a molecular structure similar to bioflavonoids that activate transepithelial Cl– transport in sinonasal epithelia. In contrast to flavonoids, the drug is freely soluble in water. The objective of this study is to evaluate the Cl– secretory capability of chlorogenic acid and its potential as a therapeutic activator of mucus clearance in sinus disease.Study DesignBasic research.SettingLaboratory.Subjects and MethodsChlorogenic acid was tested on primary murine nasal septal epithelial (MNSE) (CFTR+/+ and transgenic CFTR–/–) and human sinonasal epithelial (HSNE) (CFTR+/+ and F508del/F508del) cultures under pharmacologic conditions in Ussing chambers to evaluate effects on transepithelial Cl– transport. Cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), phosphorylation of the CFTR regulatory domain (R‐D), and CFTR mRNA transcription were also measured.ResultsChlorogenic acid stimulated transepithelial Cl– secretion (change in short‐circuit current [ΔISC = µA/cm2]) in MNSE (13.1 ± 0.9 vs 0.1 ± 0.1; P <. 05) and HSNE (34.3 ± 0.9 vs 0.0 ± 0.1; P <. 05). The drug had a long duration until peak effect at 15 to 30 minutes after application. Significant inhibition with INH‐172 as well as absent stimulation in cultures lacking functional CFTR suggest effects are dependent on CFTR‐mediated pathways. However, the absence of elevated cellular cAMP and phosphorylation the CFTR R‐D indicates chlorogenic acid does not work through a PKA‐dependent mechanism.ConclusionChlorogenic acid is a water‐soluble agent that promotes CFTR‐mediated Cl– transport in mouse and human sinonasal epithelium. Translating activators of mucociliary transport to clinical use provides a new therapeutic approach to sinus disease. Further in vivo evaluation is planned.
Outcomes of unconventional utilization of BI-RADS category 3 assessment at opportunistic screening
Authors: Altas Hilal , Tureli Derya , Cengic Ismet , Kucukkaya Fikret , Aribal Erkin , Kaya Handan 
Published: May 2015

Background An important difficulty regarding the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 3 assessment is the need for extensive diagnostic workup and an additional 6-month follow-up study. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of the BI-RADS category 3 assessments at opportunistic screening. Material and Methods Mammography charts of 9062 screening patients in a major teaching hospital situated in an urban setting of a developing country were evaluated retrospectively (1997–2010). BI-RADS category 3 patients, called for a 6-month follow-up, which comprised a single-view spot or magnification mammogram. The length of follow-up period, compliance to periodic mammographic surveillance, cancer detection rate, and negative predictive values of category 3 assessments were calculated. Results Of the screened population, 9.2% were assigned BI-RADS category 3, and 31.2% of these cases were lost to follow-up. The mean follow-up period for 606 patients was 36.9 months. The negative predictive values for 6-month, 12-month, and final control studies were 90.9%, 87.5%, and 100%, respectively. Patient compliance for 6 months, 12 months, and any control evaluations beyond 12 months was low (50.0%, 29.8%, and 47.5%, respectively). Cancer detection rate was 0.8%. Conclusion Results of the study supports the feasibility of the BI-RADS category 3 assessments at opportunistic screening without any additional diagnostic workup. The practice of category 3 assessment following screening mammograms may be a more cost-effective method for developing countries with high recall rates and low resources in eliminating the maximum risk with minimum cost within the limits of available resources.
Investigation of interleukin-12, interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 receptor gene polymorphisms in alopecia areata
Authors: Aytekin Nesrin , Akcali Cenk , Pehlivan Sacide , Kirtak Necmettin , Inaloz Serhat 
Published: May 2015

Objective To investigate the distribution of interleukin (IL)-12 ( IL12; 1188A/C), IL17 (A7488G) and IL-23 receptor ( IL23R; +2199A/C) gene polymorphisms in patients with alopecia areata. Methods Patients with alopecia areata and healthy controls were enrolled in this case–control study. Genotyping of the IL12 (1188A/C), IL17 (A7488G) and IL23R (+2199A/C) polymorphisms was undertaken. Genotype frequencies were compared between the two groups. Results The study enrolled 100 patients with alopecia areata and 71 control subjects. No significant differences were found in the frequencies for the IL12 and IL23R gene polymorphisms between the patient and control groups. The IL17 GG genotype was significantly more common and the IL17 GA genotype was significantly less common in patients with alopecia areata compared with controls, but only 10% of patients had the GG genotype. Conclusion The IL17 GG genotype was associated with susceptibility for alopecia areata, but this genotype was only present in a small number of patients. The IL12 and IL23R gene polymorphisms were not found to have a significant association with alopecia areata.
Enhancing the Referral-Making Process to 12-Step Programs
Authors: Dennis Cory B. , Davis Thomas D. 
Published: May 2015

Objectives: This study examines three preparatory strategies that can be used during treatment sessions to bridge the gap between clinician recommendations for client participation in 12-step programs (TSPs) and client adherence to such recommendations. Methods: A sample of 284 clinicians completed an online survey. Clinicians responded to items measuring their willingness to motivate client participation in TSPs, integrate 12-step principles into sessions, and form positive attitudes toward 12-step culture. Analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: Clinician attitudes toward 12-step culture had a significant effect on clinician willingness to motivate client participation in TSPs. Clinician attitudes toward 12-step culture also mediated the effect of integrating 12-step principles into treatment sessions on willingness to motivate client participation in TSPs. Conclusions: Because positive attitudes toward 12-step culture play a central role in the referral-making process, it is recommended that clinicians cultivate positive attitudes toward 12-step culture.
Low-Magnitude, High-Frequency Vibration Fails to Accelerate Ligament Healing but Stimulates Collagen Synthesis in the Achilles Tendon
Authors: Thompson William R. , Keller Benjamin V. , Davis Matthew L. , Dahners Laurence E. , Weinhold Paul S. 
Published: May 2015

Background: Low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration accelerates fracture and wound healing and prevents disuse atrophy in musculoskeletal tissues. Purpose: To investigate the role of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration as a treatment to accelerate healing of an acute ligament injury and to examine gene expression in the intact Achilles tendon of the injured limb after low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Complete surgical transection of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) was performed in 32 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into control and low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration groups. Low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration started on postoperative day 2, and rats received vibration for 30 minutes a day for 12 days. All rats were sacrificed 2 weeks after the operation, and their intact and injured MCLs were biomechanically tested or used for histological analysis. Intact Achilles tendons from the injured limb were evaluated for differences in gene expression. Results: Mechanical testing revealed no differences in the ultimate tensile load or the structural stiffness between the control and vibration groups for either the injured or intact MCL. Vibration exposure increased gene expression of collagen 1 alpha (3-fold), interleukin 6 (7-fold), cyclooxygenase 2 (5-fold), and bone morphogenetic protein 12 (4-fold) in the intact Achilles tendon when compared with control tendons ( P < .05). Conclusion: While no differences were observed in the mechanical or histological properties of the fully transected MCL after low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration treatment, significant enhancements in gene expression were observed in the intact Achilles tendon. These included collagen, several inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors critical for tendons. Clinical Relevance: As low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration had no negative effects on ligament healing, vibration therapy may be a useful tool to accelerate healing of other tissues (bone) in multitrauma injuries without inhibiting ligament healing. Additionally, the enhanced gene expression in response to low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration in the intact Achilles tendon suggests the need to further study its potential to accelerate tendon healing in partial injury or repair models.
A versatile reporter system for CRISPR-mediated chromosomal rearrangements
Authors: Li Yingxiang , Park Angela I. , Mou Haiwei , Colpan Cansu , Bizhanova Aizhan , Akama-Garren Elliot , Joshi Nik , Hendrickson Eric A. , Feldser David , Yin Hao , Anderson Daniel G. , Jacks Tyler , Weng Zhiping , Xue Wen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAlthough chromosomal deletions and inversions are important in cancer, conventional methods for detecting DNA rearrangements require laborious indirect assays. Here we develop fluorescent reporters to rapidly quantify CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletions and inversions. We find that inversion depends on the non-homologous end-joining enzyme LIG4. We also engineer deletions and inversions for a 50 kb Pten genomic region in mouse liver. We discover diverse yet sequence-specific indels at the rearrangement fusion sites. Moreover, we detect Cas9 cleavage at the fourth nucleotide on the non-complementary strand, leading to staggered instead of blunt DNA breaks. These reporters allow mechanisms of chromosomal rearrangements to be investigated.
Do wage subsidies for disabled workers reduce their non-employment? - evidence from the Danish Flexjob scheme
Authors: Datta Gupta Nabanita , Larsen Mona , Thomsen Lars Stage 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We evaluate the potential of wage subsidy programs for reducing non-employment of the disabled by exploiting a reform of the Danish Flexjob scheme targeted towards employing the long-term (partially) disabled. Firms received a salary reimbursement for all employees granted a Flexjob. We examine whether a change from full to partial reimbursement to governmental units affected the share of Flexjobs allocated to retained (insiders) versus non-employed hirees (outsiders). After the reform, the composition of hires changed substantially in favor of insiders, both in absolute and relative terms. A reduction in subsidies thus leads to a decrease in the hiring of the non-employed disabled.

JEL Codes: I38, J14, C21
MicroRNA-193b Controls Adiponectin Production in Human White Adipose Tissue
Authors: Belarbi Yasmina , Mejhert Niklas , Lorente-Cebrián Silvia , Dahlman Ingrid , Arner Peter , Rydén Mikael , Kulyté Agné 
Published: May 2015

Context:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. In white adipose tissue (WAT), recent studies suggest that miRNA levels are altered in various metabolic diseases, including obesity.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to determine whether adipocyte-expressed miRNAs altered by obesity can regulate adiponectin expression/secretion in fat cells.

Design:
Eleven miRNAs previously shown to be altered in obese human WAT were overexpressed in human in vitro-differentiated adipocytes followed by assessments of adiponectin levels in conditioned media.

Setting:
This was cohort study (n = 56) in an academic hospital.

Patients:
Subcutaneous WAT was obtained from nonobese and obese individuals.

Interventions:
There were no interventions in this study.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Protein and mRNA levels of adiponectin were measured.

Results:
Of the 11 investigated miRNAs, three (miR-193b/-126/-26a) increased adiponectin secretion when overexpressed in human adipocytes. However, in human WAT only miR-193b expression correlated with adiponectin gene expression and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Moreover, quantitative PCR of miR-193b in both WAT and isolated adipocytes showed a significant association with serum adiponectin levels. Overexpression of miR-193b altered the gene expression of seven known adiponectin regulators. 3′-untranslated region reporter assays confirmed binding to cAMP-responsive element binding protein 5, nuclear receptor interacting protein 1, and nuclear transcription factor Yα. The effects of miR-193b on nuclear transcription factor Yα expression were confirmed at the protein level. Transfection with individual miRNA target protectors selective for nuclear transcription factor Yα and nuclear receptor interacting protein 1 abolished the stimulatory effect of miR-193b on adiponectin secretion.

Conclusions:
In human adipocytes, miR-193b controls adiponectin production via pathways involving nuclear transcription factor Yα and possibly nuclear receptor interacting protein 1.
Dwa lata po Fukushimie. Sektor energetyczny, strategia rządu i przyszłość Japonii
Authors: Bieliszczuk Bartosz 
Published: May 2015

Two years after the Fukushima disaster: Japan’s future, policy and energy industry
In 2011, Japan was hit by an unprecedented disaster – an earthquake and a tsunami that led to one of the biggest nuclear accidents in world’s history. This paper analyses Japan’s energy situation before and after the event, focusing on whether or not – and if, how – this tragedy changed the country’s energy policy. To achieve this aim, the author focuses on Japan’s energy profile, energy mix and characterises the country’s accessibility to natural resources including natural gas, oil and hard coal. The article also discusses the country’s electric energy production, warehousing and transmission infrastructure. It provides a detailed analysis of legal regulations and competencies of relevant ministries, as well as governmental policies, strategies and aims. Another significant issue raised is the inclusion of renewable energy sources in Japan’s future energy mix. The paper also takes into consideration the Japanese public’s reaction to the Fukushima disaster and traces the changing attitude of the Japanese to nuclear energy. The conclusions describe possible future energy scenarios and their consequences for the country’s energy and economic security.
Przeciwdziałanie nielegalnej imigracji w Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Lercel Jakub 
Published: May 2015

Preventing illegal immigration in the European Union since the coming into force of the Lisbon Treaty. The legislation in force after the Treaty of Lisbon
The article analyses the activities of the European Union aimed at preventing illegal immigration. The author describes the legal basis for immigration policy prior to and after the Treaty of Lisbon came into force. The most important elements of the multiannual programs for justice and home affairs adopted by the European Council between 1999 and 2009 are also discussed. Chronologically, these were: The Tampere, The Hague and The Stockholm Programs. Finally, the article presents statistical data related to the number of illegal third country citizens in the EU Member States.
The Diseconomies of Queue Pooling: An Empirical Investigation of Emergency Department Length of Stay
Authors: Song Hummy , Tucker Anita L. , Murrell Karen L. 
Published: May 2015

We conduct an empirical investigation of the impact of queue management on patients’ average wait time and length of stay (LOS). Using an emergency department’s (ED) patient-level data from 2007 to 2010, we find that patients’ average wait time and LOS are longer when physicians are assigned patients under a pooled queuing system with a fairness constraint compared to a dedicated queuing system with the same fairness constraint. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we find the dedicated queuing system is associated with a 17% decrease in average LOS and a 9% decrease in average wait time relative to the control group—a 39-minute reduction in LOS and a four-minute reduction in wait time for an average patient of medium severity in this ED. Interviews and observations of physicians suggest that the improved performance stems from the physicians’ increased ownership over patients and resources that is afforded by a dedicated queuing system, which enables physicians to more actively manage the flow of patients into and out of ED beds. Our findings suggest that the benefits from improved flow management in a dedicated queuing system can be large enough to overcome the longer wait time predicted to arise from nonpooled queues. We conduct additional analyses to rule out alternate explanations for the reduced average wait time and LOS in the dedicated system, such as stinting and decreased quality of care. Our paper has implications for healthcare organizations and others seeking to reduce patient wait time and LOS without increasing costs. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
How to conduct a nurse-led senior clinic part 2 — patient assessment and diagnostic testing
Authors: Kerrigan Lynne 
Published: May 2015

Introduction The recent passing of the new Royal Charter, formally recognising veterinary nursing as a profession by underpinning veterinary nursing regulation and granting veterinary nurses the status of associate members of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, represents a huge step forward for the UK veterinary nursing profession. Veterinary nurses are qualified, registered, highly skilled and accountable professionals who possess the knowledge and skills to educate owners regarding many aspects of preventative care, including senior wellness. The second of this two-part article examines the role of the qualified veterinary nurse in the assessment of an ageing dog or cat during a nurse-led senior clinic.
Venous Structural Angulations and their Relationship with Insufficiency
Authors: Tosun Alptekin , Hancerliogullari Kadir Oymen , Serifoglu Ismail , Keskin Ozlem , Ozkaya Enis 
Published: May 2015

Objective: The venous insufficiency of lower limb is a common complaint in the population. The natural history of CVD is not clear enough to satisfy. We have investigated the venous anatomy and reflux existence of the lower limb by using the structural angulations of the venous outlets and related this to the occurrence of venous reflux in the superficial, deep and perforator venous system, demonstrated on CDS.
Methods: We investigate 44 limbs of 22 healthy subjects and 46 limbs of 23 patients with chronic venous disease (CVD). The participants were evaluated with duplex scanning for venous reflux. The CDS examination performed in the upright and supine position. Compression on gray-scale and color Doppler were employed to assess the absence of venous thrombosis.
Result: 45 patients (31 female, 14 male) were examinated on doppler ultrasonography. The mean age was 54.5 years (41 to 79 years). All subjects were in normal range of body-mass-index and had no significant disease. We measured the vascular angulations on gray-scale ultrasonography. The measured the angulations of common femoral vein-saphenofemoral junction, saphenofemoral junction-vena saphena magna, common femoral vein-superficial femoral vein, common femoral vein-deep femoral vein and bifurcation of superficial femoral vein-deep femoral vein, respectively. Anatomical structural angulations were measured at 5 levels on sonography.
Conclusion: The CDS is a definitive, economical and noninvasive safe diagnostic method in the diagnosis of CVD. This method appears to suggest a new imaginative approach with the measure of the angulations between venous vessel connections, consequently may predictive further CVD in early periods.
Mothers Make Art: Using participatory art to explore the transition to motherhood
Authors: Hogan Susan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article explores the use of visual methods to explore women’s experience of pregnancy, childbirth and the adjustment to motherhood in a British context; it is particularly interested in thinking about whether visual methods can help deliver new insights into these experiences and what forms these might take. The work is not making universal claims about maternal experience, but rather is interested in the vibrancy, intensity and freshness that visual methods can bring to elucidate human experience.
A review of the concept of Salutogenesis and its significance for promoting mental health recovery through participatory arts
Authors: Stickley Theodore , Hoare Michaela 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This review article seeks to strengthen the theoretical basis for the use of community-based arts programmes to promote mental health and well-being. This is done by introducing the Salutogenic Model of health promotion and the recovery approach in mental health and applying their relevance to social and political trends in the United Kingdom today. Salutogenesis has much to offer the theory and practice of health promotion, and in particular arts-based approaches. Mental health outcomes are difficult to define and prescribe for, though community-based arts approaches may help to strengthen individuals and communities. Community-based arts programmes are well placed to meet these various agendas and are able to contribute to meeting the social and identity needs of people with mental health problems.
Semantic typology: New approaches to crosslinguistic variation in language and cognition
Authors: Moore Randi , Donelson Katharine , Eggleston Alyson , Bohnemeyer Juergen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis article presents an overview of the goals and methods of semantic typology, the study of the distribution of semantic categories across languages. Results from this field inform theoretical accounts of syntax-semantics interface phenomena, as well as the nature of the relationship between language and cognition. This article discusses a variety of quantitative methods that represent recent efforts in semantic typology to (i) discover patterns in the distribution of independent variables and (ii) predict the distribution of dependent variables in relation to identified independent variables. Such methods include Multi-Dimensional Scaling, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, and Generalized Linear Mixed Effects regression analyses. We identify and discuss notable published examples of these methods used in semantic typology.
Surnames and geolinguistics in Brittany: a study of concordances
Authors: Le Bris Daniel , Le Bris Daniel 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This study tries to contribute to the linguistic geography of France by comparing historical records of surnames in the five departments of Brittany with other geolinguistic resources of the same area. In order to map these data, a new software was developed and applied to the respective data sets. The results show interesting concordances between the distributions of patronyms and isoglosses of lexical and phonological variants.