bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Correlation Between Cage Subsidence, Bone Mineral Density, and Clinical Results in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Oh Kyu Won , Lee Jae Hyup , Lee Ji-Ho , Lee Do-Yoon , Shim Hee Jong 
Published: August 2015

Study Design:A retrospective review of prospectively collected radiographic and clinical data.Objective:This study aims to investigate the relationship between cage subsidence and bone mineral density (BMD), and to reveal the clinical implications of cage subsidence.Summary of Background Data:Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) has become one of the standard treatment modality for lumbar degenerative disease. However, cage subsidence might result in recurrent foraminal stenosis and deteriorate the clinical results. Furthermore, numbers of osteoporosis patients who underwent PLIF are increasing. Therefore, the information on the correlations between cage subsidence, BMD, and clinical results will be of great significance.Materials and Methods:A total 139 segments was included in this retrospective study. We examined functional rating index (Visual Analogue Scale for pain, Oswestry Disability Index, Short Form-36 score) preoperatively, and investigated their changes after postoperative 1 year. Correlation between cage subsidence and clinical scores was investigated. Plain anteroposterior and lateral radiograph were taken preoperatively and postoperatively and during follow-up. Preoperative BMD and subsidence measured by postoperative 1 year 3-dimensional computed tomography were achieved and their correlation was assessed.Results:All postoperative clinical scores improved significantly compared with preoperative ones (pain Visual Analogue Scale: 7.34–2.89, Oswestry Disability Index: 25.34–15.86, Short Form-36: 26.45–16.46, allP<0.001). BMD showed significant weak correlation with subsidence (r=−0.285,P<0.001). Severe osteoporotic segments (Tscore <−3.0) had more risk to develop severe subsidence (>3 mm) compared with the segments in whichTscore were higher than −3.0 (P=0.012), and its odds ratio was 8.44. Subsidence had no significant correlation with all clinical scores.Conclusions:This study revealed that cage subsidence is relevant to BMD. However, it was demonstrated that subsidence is not related to the clinical deterioration. Therefore, PLIF procedure which is conducted carefully can be a good surgical option to treat lumbar degenerative disease for osteoporotic patients.
Artificial Disk Replacement Combined With Fusion Versus 2-Level Fusion in Cervical 2-Level Disk Disease With a 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Ji Gyu Yeul , Oh Chang Hyun , Shin Dong Ah , Ha Yoon , Yi Seong , Kim Keung Nyun , Shin Hyun Cheol , Yoon Do Heum 
Published: August 2015

Study Design:Prospective study.Objective:The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term clinical and radiologic outcomes of hybrid surgery (HS) and 2-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (2-ACDF) in patients with 2-level cervical disk disease.Summary of Background Data:In a previous study with a 2-year follow-up, HS was shown to be superior to 2-ACDF, with a better Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, less postoperative neck pain, faster C2–C7 range of motion (ROM) recovery, and less adjacent ROM increase.Materials and Methods:Between 2004 and 2006, 40 patients undergoing 2-level cervical disk surgery at our hospital were identified as 2-level degenerative disk disease. Forty patients were included in the previous study; 35 patients were followed up for 5 years. Patients completed the NDI and graded their pain intensity before surgery and at routine postoperative until 5 years. Dynamic cervical radiographs were obtained before surgery and at routine postoperative intervals and the angular ROM for C2–C7 and adjacent segments was measured.Results:The HS group had better NDI recovery until 3 years after surgery (P<0.05). Postoperative neck pain was lower in the HS group at 1 and 3 years after surgery (P<0.05), but arm pain relief was not differently relieved. The HS group showed more angular ROM for C2–C7 at 2 and 3 years after surgery. The superior adjacent segment ROM showed hypermobility in the 2-ACDF group and hypomobility in the HS group at all follow-up periods without statistically significance, but the inferior adjacent segment ROM differed significantly (P<0.05).Conclusion:HS is superior to 2-ACDF; it leads to better NDI recovery, less postoperative neck pain, faster C2–C7 ROM recovery, and less adjacent ROM increase over a 2-year follow-up, but these benefits of HS become similar to those of 2-ACDF with 5 years of follow-up.
Oculomotor-Based Vision Assessment in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hunt Anne W. , Mah Katherine , Reed Nick , Engel Lisa , Keightley Michelle 
Published: August 2015

Objective:
The purpose of this article is to synthesize and appraise the evidence regarding the use of oculomotor-based vision assessment to identify and monitor recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Specific objectives are to (1) identify changes in oculomotor-based vision following mTBI; (2) distinguish methods of assessment; (3) appraise the level and quality of evidence; and, if warranted, (4) determine clinical recommendations for assessment.

Methods:
A systematic review was undertaken to identify and appraise relevant literature. A search was conducted of 7 databases of peer-reviewed literature from January 1990 to January 2015. Articles were included if study populations were clearly identified as having mTBI and used an assessment of oculomotor-based vision. Articles with pooled data (eg, mTBI and stroke), addressing afferent visual function (eg, visual field deficits) or using single case designs, were excluded.

Results:
Twenty articles were selected for inclusion. Exploratory findings suggest that measurements of saccades, smooth pursuit, and vergence are useful in detecting changes associated with mTBI. Assessment methods included eye tracker protocols, optometric assessment, and the King-Devick test.

Conclusion:
The strength of this evidence is not yet sufficient to warrant clinical recommendations. Research using rigorous methods is required to develop reliable, valid, and clinically useful assessment protocols.
Measurement Error in the Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT): Systematic Review
Authors: Alsalaheen Bara , Stockdale Kayla , Pechumer Dana , Broglio Steven P. 
Published: August 2015

Objective:
To review the literature on the reliability of the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT).

Design:
Systematic review of the relevant literature in PubMed, CINAHL, and PSYCHINFO. Studies were evaluated using the STROBE instrument and custom developed items.

Results:
Search yielded 5 943 articles. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. With the exception of processing speed, all composite scores consistently exhibited poor to moderate reliability (ie, intraclass correlation coefficient <0.80). When considering 2 time points, participants who were misclassified as experiencing a “reliable change” in any score ranged between 5% and 26% for verbal memory, 2.2% and 19.6% for visual memory, 4% and 24% for processing speed, and 4% and 23.2% for reaction time.

Conclusions:
The Pearson r correlation coefficient and average measures intraclass correlation coefficient may be inappropriately utilized to examine the reliability of ImPACT scores. Given the poor to moderate reliability of most ImPACT scores, clinicians should be cautious when ImPACT is used as a criterion for medical clearance to return to play after concussion. Because of its widespread use in concussion-related clinical research, researchers must exercise due diligence when utilizing ImPACT to evaluate outcomes after concussion or to validate other outcome measures.
Return to Physical Activity Timing and Dual-Task Gait Stability Are Associated 2 Months Following Concussion
Authors: Howell David R. , Osternig Louis R. , Christie Anita D. , Chou Li-Shan 
Published: August 2015

Objective:
The effect of physical activity resumption on functional recovery following concussion is poorly understood. We sought to examine the relationship between physical activity resumption timing and gait stability 2 months following concussion.

Setting:
Motion analysis laboratory.

Participants:
Twenty-nine individuals who sustained a concussion and were subsequently allowed to return to preinjury levels of physical activity within 2 months postinjury.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Main Measures:
The return-to-activity day (RTA-day) was identified as the first day postinjury that each participant was medically cleared to resume regular physical activity. Whole-body center-of-mass (COM) motion during single-task and dual-task walking was assessed 2 months postinjury. Correlation coefficients were calculated between the RTA-day and single/dual-task gait stability as well as symptom severity measurements 2 months postinjury.

Results:
Dual-task medial-lateral COM displacement (r = −0.52, P = .004) and peak medial-lateral COM velocity (r = −0.37, P = .048) were significantly correlated with RTA-day. Dual-task peak forward velocity and single-task gait stability measures were not significantly correlated with RTA-day.

Conclusions:
The time of RTA-day clearance, within a 2 months postinjury period, is significantly correlated with dual-task medial-lateral gait stability measured at the end of that period, suggesting that frontal plane gait stability recovery is sensitive to the timing of RTA-day.
Information technology utilization for industrial marketing activities: the IT–marketing gap
Authors: Ekman Peter , Erixon Cecilia , Thilenius Peter 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– This study aims to investigates the possible gap between the logic of these information technology (IT) systems and industrial firms’ marketing practices. Industrial firms rely extensively on IT systems for their business.Design/methodology/approach– Based on the contemporary marketing practice (CMP) model, which depicts firms’ marketing practice as ranging from transactional to more relational and networked-based, the logic of IT systems and how users in industrial firms adopt them are amended to create an extended model. The extended model is used to analyze an in-depth case based on 63 interviews regarding one industrial firm’s business with customers and suppliers and how IT is utilized in this setting.Findings– Results show that industrial firms’ relationship-oriented business is poorly supported by currently used IT systems. This gap between the IT systems, which are transaction-focused, and industrial firms’ marketing practice, which is relationship-based, has severe effects on adoption and efficiency of IT systems. The marketers prefer local, non-integrated, IT with limited usefulness on an overall firm level while resisting the firms’ comprehensive IT systems. This forms an IT–marketing gap given that current IT does not match the marketing practice of relationship-oriented industrial firms.Originality/value– This study applies an extended CMP model in a novel way focusing one industrial firm, its customers and suppliers and the IT used in this setting. The study shows that all marketing practices of the CMP model can be found in one firm’s business, albeit one category, i.e. interaction marketing (a relationship approach), is dominating. The use of the CMP framework offers new and valuable insights into the fundamental cause to the industrial marketers’ limited use of integrated IT.
Triadic analysis of business relationship’s ending: a case study of a dyad and a third actor
Authors: Schreiner Anniina 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to improve the knowledge of the way business relationships end by using a triadic analysis. Triadic analysis is used as a tool, permitting the examination of a dyadic business relationship in relation to a third actor(s). The triadic approach has been chosen for two reasons: first, because a triad is the smallest possible network and so offers a network perspective on the phenomenon. Second, the triadic approach exposes the process of forming internal and external coalitions, which affects the course of events and, thus, offers a different perspective from the traditional dyadic one on the dissolution of business relationships.Design/methodology/approach– As adopting a triadic perspective on the ending of business relationships and the field of research are relatively new, data gathering and empirical findings play an important role in producing understanding of the phenomenon. This qualitative research uses the abductive approach, in which empirical findings are systematically combined with the theoretical literature related to the topic. The research also draws from the theoretical literature of ending dyadic business relationships and uses a body of literature from the field of sociology where triadic analysis has long been used.Findings– As the result, this paper presents a model describing the end of a triadic business relationship and details the characteristics that derive from a triadic perspective. The study answers questions on what kind of process takes place when a triadic business relationship is ending; what kinds of sub-processes can be identified; and also adds information on what kinds of coalitions companies may form during the ending process of a triadic business relationship. The findings suggest that triadic analysis is an appropriate tool when studying a dyadic business relationship in relation to third actors.Originality/value– The research offers a new insight into the phenomenon of ending business relationships by using a triadic perspective.
The role of knowledge intermediaries in co-managed innovations
Authors: Cantù Chiara , Ylimäki Juho , Sirén Charlotta Agneta , Nickell David 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate how technological hubs (THs), defined as knowledge intermediaries, can assist companies in creating successful partnerships to develop innovations. Specifically, the authors ask how THs can help firms connect with horizontal networks and how THs can assist firms on finding suppliers and customers from the vertical network with whom to collaborate. By answering these two main questions, the paper sheds light on the important role of THs and its incubators as knowledge intermediaries in innovation co-creation.Design/methodology/approach– The research is founded on a longitudinal case study of an Italian technologic hub, ComoNExT, that aims to improve the competitiveness of its local economy. Specific attention is given to the role of the incubator that was formed as a joint effort in the technology hub.Findings– The authors find that THs can facilitate networking among tenants and among tenants and external actors within the same epistemic network. The TH that the authors studied is characterized by a new business model that is founded on providing value-added services and networking. The TH sustains the networking at different levels: within tenants, with local actors, extra-local and international actors. The authors’ analysis suggest that THs become knowledge intermediaries who allow firms to identify innovation parties and transform them into innovation partners and, thus, outline the shift from outsourced innovation to co-managed innovation.Originality/value– The paper shows how knowledge intermediaries facilitate the intermediation between heterogeneous organizations who are located at different network positions and characterized by relational proximity that is the basis for reaching effective innovation. The research depicts how knowledge intermediaries reinforce the drivers of a co-membership network to co-create innovation to improve the strength of a relationship characterized by a shared vision.
Development, production and use in policy initiated innovation
Authors: Eklinder-Frick Jens Ola 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe the forces which promote or obstruct a policy-initiated innovation process in the context of a regional strategic network (RSN).Design/methodology/approach– An innovation requires that an invention survives in relevant developing, producing and using settings. This is analyzed as resource interaction in these three settings. Data are obtained from a case study of an innovation process undertaken from 2007 to 2011 where 24 respondents representing the involved actors in the development of a geographical information system technology platform were interviewed in separate meetings lasting 60-100 minutes. Primary sources of secondary data have also been analyzed.Findings– The strategy imposed by the RSN enabled knowledge to be exchanged between the involved actors, but problems remained regarding resource interaction of the relevant settings. The studied case showed that achieving resource interaction between the producing and using settings was particularly challenging when the innovation processes is policy-initiated and thus involves both the private sector and the public sector. This serves to explain why policy initiatives to turn scientific knowledge into commercialized innovation often fall short of their objectives.Originality/value– Research investigating policy-initiated innovation and regional economic growth often focuses on achieving information exchange between the actors that make up the innovation systems. This paper sheds light on the resource interaction between the members of RSN s and how this can facilitate the innovation processes.
The workplace as a factor of job satisfaction and productivity
Authors: Fassoulis Konstantinos , Alexopoulos Nikolaos 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to examine degree of job satisfaction of the University of Athen’s (UOA) administrative staff, specifically regarding the workplace and its impact on their productivity.Design/methodology/approach– Questionnaires were distributed to 160 administrative personnel of the UOA. The study entails descriptive analysis, independent samplest-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlations (two-tailed) and regression analysis of the data collected.Findings– The results indicate that the UOA’s administrative staff is dissatisfied with most aspects of their workplace, which is characterized by an inability to encourage and support new forms of office work. This scenario was also found to have a negative effect on productivity. In addition, regression analysis showed that satisfaction with the workplace is a significant predictor of employee productivity.Research limitations/implications– A limitation of this study is that the sample was not from the UOA administrative staff that works in more recently constructed office buildings away from the Athens city center. Further investigation would also be needed to identify possible differences in satisfaction with the workspace and its impact on productivity, based on demographic characteristics, such as the level of education and years of employment.Practical implications– The research results may be useful to public institution administrations like that of the UOA, as it highlights changes in the workplace which can have significant impact on employee job satisfaction and productivity, and consequently, the efficiency and effectiveness of the services provided.Originality/value– This study examines aspects of the workspace of a public organization regarding their individual attributes. Given that the existing Greek literature in this field does not contain a discussion on the impact of the workplace on job satisfaction and productivity as far as the public sector is concerned, this paper may contribute to a smoother and more efficient provision of services from its organizations/institutions.
Summer schools in library service at Aberystwyth (1917-1928)
Authors: Mathias Julie 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the courses in library service jointly developed and run by the University and the National Library of Wales in Aberystwyth, between 1917 and 1928.

Design/methodology/approach
– An historical approach is adopted and use has been made of relevant extant primary sources held in the National Library, as well as various notices and reports of the courses published in the journals of the time.

Findings
– Strong similarities between the Summer Schools in Library Service of 100 years ago and the degree programmes currently offered via distance learning by the Department of Information Studies have been indicated.

Research limitations/implications
– Due to the nature of the research and the reliance on the survival of primary source material, it has not been possible to trace a complete set of Directors’ Reports, which would have offered greater insight into the content of the later Summer Schools as well as the people who attended these courses.

Originality/value
– The year 2014 marks the 50th anniversary of the foundation of the College of Librarianship Wales, (which has evolved into the Department of Information Studies at Aberystwyth University). However, the roots of this educational establishment can be traced back nearly 50 years earlier to the University’s Summer Schools in library service. This is a largely unexplored subject but represents the first step towards the establishment of the current Department of Information Studies.
Post‐ministerial occupation in advanced industrial democracies: Ambition, individual resources and institutional opportunity structures
Authors: Claveria Sílvia , Verge Tània 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe post‐office occupation of former cabinet members remains basically unexplored in both single‐case and comparative studies. Is being a minister just a careertout court, or does serving in executive office facilitate movement to other positions? This article sheds new light on this question by advancing the theoretical development and empirical understanding of the various types of post‐ministerial occupation. The analysis takes into account ex‐ministers’ ambition, political capital resources and the institutional opportunity structures that might well affect both ambition and individual resources. Additionally, given that access to executive office is profoundly gendered, the article addresses the central question of whether post‐ministerial occupations similarly present differential patterns for women and men. The empirical results of a cross‐national comparison of 23 advanced industrial democracies show that, for most departing ministers, serving in executive office is indeed a stepping stone to other positions. Post‐office trajectories are not only shaped by ex‐ministers’ political capital resources such as seniority, party office, policy expertise and type of portfolio held while in cabinet, but also by different institutional factors that present country‐specific combinations. Specifically, systemic variables shape the relevance of political capital resources and affect how ambition is constructed and towards which goals. Strong gendered post‐office patterns are not found, although some intriguing gender differences are observed.