bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substituted Phenanthrolines as Antennae in Luminescent EuIII Complexes
Authors: Akerboom Sebastiaan , van den Elshout Jos J. M. H. , Mutikainen Ilpo , Siegler Maxime A. , Fu Wen Tian , Bouwman Elisabeth 
Published: November 2013

AbstractEight novel europium(III)‐based coordination compounds with 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) ligands with a chloro, methoxy, ethoxy, cyano, carboxylic acid, methyl carboxylate, ethyl carboxylate, and amino substituent on the 2‐position have been prepared in yields ranging from 43 to 89 %. Additionally, one lanthanum(III) coordination compound of 2‐amino‐1,10‐phenanthroline has been isolated. All compounds have the general formula [Ln(L)2(NO3)3], except for the compound with the carboxylate ligand, which has the formula [Eu(O2Cphen)3]. Three of the EuIII complexes as well as the LaIII compound crystal structures have been determined, all of which show similar N4O6 coordination spheres for the LnIII ion. Seven compounds exhibit bright luminescence that is characteristic of EuIII upon irradiation with near‐UV radiation, thus indicating efficient ligand‐to‐metal energy transfer. The complex with 2‐amino‐1,10‐phenanthroline is nonluminescent. The solid‐state photoluminescent quantum yields range from 10 to 79 %, and the luminescence lifetimes vary from 0.43 to 1.57 ms. Analysis of the spectral intensities with the Judd–Ofelt theory shows a significant contribution of nonradiative processes that quench the luminescence of the 5D0 level on EuIII.
Design, Synthesis, and Organocatalytic Activity of N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes Functionalized with Hydrogen‐Bond Donors in Enantioselective Reactions of Homoenolates
Authors: Nawaz Faisal , Zaghouani Mehdi , Bonne Damien , Chuzel Olivier , Rodriguez Jean , Coquerel Yoann 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA focused library of chiral imidazolinium salts functionalized with urea‐type hydrogen‐bond donor moieties has been prepared from the chiral pool. The corresponding N‐heterocyclic carbenes were evaluated as organocatalysts in three enantioselective reactions involving homoenolate intermediates generated from enals. The catalysts proved competent in enantioselective cyclopentannulation and γ‐lactonization reactions, a premiere for imidazoline‐based NHCs. This work conveys some new ideas and knowledge on the concepts of bifunctional enantioselective organocatalysis applied to NHCs.
Polyoxometalate‐Graphene Nanocomposite Modified Electrode for Electrocatalytic Detection of Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Zhang Weiying , Du Dan , Gunaratne Don , Colby Robert , Lin Yuehe , Laskin Julia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPhosphomolybdate functionalized graphene nanocomposite (PMo12‐GS) has been successfully formed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the detection of ascorbic acid (AA). The obtained PMo12‐GS modified GCE, was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and compared with GCE, GS modified GCE, and PMo12 modified GCE. It shows an increased current and a decrease in over‐potential of ∼210 mV. The amperometric signals are linearly proportional to the AA concentration in a wide concentration range from 1×10−6 M to 8×10−3 M, with a detection limit of 0.5×10−6 M. The PMo12‐GS modified electrode was employed for the determination of the AA level in vitamin C tablets, with recoveries between 96.3 and 100.8 %.
Modified Porous Zr–Mo Mixed Oxides as Strong Acid Catalysts for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Zhang Qiuyun , Li Hu , Liu Xiaofang , Qin Wenting , Zhang Yuping , Xue Wei , Yang Song 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA series of modified Zr–Mo oxide‐based solid‐acid catalysts were prepared by using the corresponding chlorides as oxide precursors and low‐cost monofunctional carboxylic acids such as stearic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, and lauric acid as modifiers. The catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), ammonia temperature programmed desorption (NH3‐TPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption. It was demonstrated that the modified catalysts possessed grainy structures and loose honeycombed surfaces that exhibit high acid intensity and surface area. In particular, Zr–Mo oxide modified with stearic acid showed the best catalytic performance for the esterification of oleic acid with methanol in comparison to other mixed metal oxides, and it was selected for further experimental studies. Under the optimal reaction conditions of molar ratio of 10:1 methanol/oleic acid, 4 wt % of catalyst loading, 2 h reaction time, and 180 °C reaction temperature, the conversion of oleic acid reached 94.2 %. Moreover, the employed solid‐acid catalysts could also facilitate carbohydrate transformation, and could be easily separated from the reaction system and reused over at least six runs without significant loss of activity.
Racial and ethnic variation in home healthcare nurse depression assessment of older minority patients
Authors: Pickett Yolonda R. , Bazelais Kisha N. , Greenberg Rebecca L. , Bruce Martha L. 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to determine the racial/ethnic effect of depression symptom recognition by home healthcare nurses.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of administrative data from a large urban home healthcare agency. Patients' age were 65 years and older with a valid depression screen, identified as Caucasian, African American, or Hispanic and admitted to homecare in 2010 (N = 3711). All demographic and clinical information were obtained from the electronic medical record.ResultsSubjects were 29.34% Caucasian, 37.81% African American, and 32.85% Hispanic. About 6.52% had a formal chart diagnosis of depression, and 13.39% received antidepressant therapy. The rates of positive depression screens by nurses were higher in Caucasians than that of in African Americans or Hispanics (13.41% vs. 9.27% vs. 10.99%; χ2 = 10.70, df [degrees of freedom] = 2; p < 0.01). Depression screening rates were then stratified by the number of clinical indicators from the chart (depression diagnosis or antidepressant on medication list). The proportion of positive screen increased for minorities with an increase in the number of indicators. African Americans had significantly greater positive screens with two indicators compared with that of the Caucasians and Hispanics (50.00% vs. 23.81% vs. 35.59%; χ2 = 6.65, df = 2; p = 0.04).ConclusionsThese findings show a wide range of variation in screening for depression among ethnic groups. The rates increase for minorities with the presence of increased clinical indicators, suggesting that nurses may screen higher in minorities when there is higher clinical suspicion. Future research in home healthcare should be aimed at training nurses to conduct culturally tailored depression screening to improve management of depression in older minorities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Dispiro[oxindole‐3,3′‐pyrrolidines] by Three‐Component [3+2] Cycloadditions of in situ‐Generated Azomethine Ylides with 3‐Benzylidene‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐indol‐2‐ones
Authors: Matloubi Moghaddam Firouz , Kiamehr Mostafa , Reza Khodabakhshi Mohammad , Jebeli Javan Marjan , Fathi Shaghayegh , Villinger Alexander , Iaroshenko Viktor O. , Langer Peter 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn efficient one‐pot, three‐component synthesis of novel dispiro[oxindole‐3,3′‐pyrrolidines] by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, in situ generated by reaction of 1,2‐diones with sarcosine and subsequent decarboxylation, with a series of (E)‐3‐benzylidene‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐indol‐2‐ones is reported. Molecular complexity is generated in only one synthetic step. All reactions proceed with excellent regioselectivity and in good‐to‐excellent yields. The workup is easy, the reaction times are short, and no catalyst is required.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of 4‐Ketoclonostachydiol
Authors: Rajaram Singanaboina , Ramulu Udugu , Ramesh Dasari , Prabhakar Peddikotla , Venkateswarlu Yenamandra 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn efficient stereoselective total synthesis of the bioactive 14‐membered natural macrocyclic bislactone 4‐ketoclonostachydiol is described. The strategy involves a Jacobsen's hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR), epoxide opening, MacMillan α‐hydroxylation, HornerWadsworthEmmons olefination, a Grignard reaction, and HoveydaGrubbs‐II‐catalyzed ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) as key steps.
Increased methylmercury toxicity related to obesity in diabetic KK‐Ay mice
Authors: Yamamoto Megumi , Yanagisawa Rie , Motomura Eriko , Nakamura Masaaki , Sakamoto Mineshi , Takeya Motohiro , Eto Komyo 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTWe examined the toxic effects of methylmercury (MeHg) in KK‐Ay type 2 diabetic mice to clarify how metabolic changes associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus affect MeHg toxicity. MeHg (5 mg Hg kg –1day–1 p.o.) was given to 4‐week‐old male KK‐Ay and C57BL/6J (BL/6) mice three times per week for 6 weeks. Average body weights (BW) of vehicle‐treated BL/6 and KK‐Ay mice were 16.3 and 16.4 g respectively on the first day, and 24.8 and 42.3 g respectively on the last day of the experiment. MeHg‐treated KK‐Ay mice began to lose weight about 5 weeks after MeHg administration. Six of seven MeHg‐treated KK‐Ay mice showed hind‐limb clasping in the final stage of the experiment. The mean blood mercury level of MeHg‐treated KK‐Ay mice reached a maximum of 9.8 µg ml–1, whereas that of the MeHg‐treated BL/6 mice was 2.8 µg ml–1 after 10 days of treatment. The average total mercury concentrations in the cerebrum and epididymal fat pad were 7.4 and 0.57 µg g–1, respectively, for BL/6 mice and 27 and 1.6 µg g–1, respectively, for KK‐Ay mice. In MeHg‐treated KK‐Ay mice with neurological symptoms, CD204‐positive macrophages were observed in the brain, kidney and spleen, indicating CD204 could be a marker for injured tissues. BW loss and significant pathological changes were not observed in other groups of mice. These results indicate that body fat gain in type 2 diabetes mellitus and low mercury accumulation in adipose tissue increased MeHg concentrations in organs and enhanced toxicity in KK‐Ay mice at the same dose of MeHg per BW. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Major Osteoporotic to Hip Fracture Ratios in Canadian Men and Women With Swedish Comparisons: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Lam Anna , Leslie William D , Lix Lisa M , Yogendran Marina , Morin Suzanne N , Majumdar Sumit R 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX) tools are calibrated from country-specific fracture epidemiology. Although hip fracture data are usually available, data on non-hip fractures for most countries are often lacking. In such cases, rates are often estimated by assuming similar non-hip to hip fracture ratios from historical (1987 to 1996) Swedish data. Evidence that countries share similar fracture ratios is limited. Using data from Manitoba, Canada (2000 to 2007, population 1.2 million), we identified 21,850 incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) in men and women aged &gt;50 years. Population-based age- and sex-specific ratios of clinical vertebral, forearm, and humerus fractures to hip fractures were calculated, along with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All ratios showed decreasing trends with increasing age for both men and women. Men and women showed similar vertebral/hip fracture ratios (all p &gt; 0.1, with ORs 0.86 to 1.25). Forearm/hip and humerus/hip fracture ratios were significantly lower among men than women (forearm/hip ratio: p &lt; 0.01 for all age groups, with ORs 0.29 to 0.53; humerus/hip ratio: p &lt; 0.05 for all age groups [except 80 to 84 years] with ORs 0.46 to 0.86). Ratios for any MOF/hip fracture were also significantly lower among men than women in all but two subgroups (p &lt; 0.05 for all age groups [except 80 to 84 and 90+ years] with ORs 0.48 to 0.87). Swedish vertebral/hip fracture ratios were similar to the Canadian fracture ratios (within 7%) but significantly lower for other sites (men and women: 46% and 35% lower for forearm/hip ratios, 19% and 15% lower for humerus/hip ratios, and 19% and 23% lower for any MOF/hip ratios). These differences have implications for updating and calibrating FRAX tools, fracture risk estimation, and intervention rates. Moreover, wherever possible, it is important that countries try to collect accurate non-hip fracture data. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
FAIRTRADE: COMMENT ON TEDESCHI AND CARLSON
Authors: Griffiths Peter 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn a recent issue of this journal, Tedeschi and Carlson presented far reaching conclusions on the impact of fair trade. They reject the conclusions of others on the grounds that they are based on incorrect assumptions. It is argued here that their own assumptions are false, seriously misrepresenting fair trade or Fairtrade. Their analysis is therefore incorrect, and their models must be rejected in their entirety. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perfusion measurements of the calf in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty using Mr arterial spin labeling
Authors: Grözinger Gerd , Pohmann Rolf , Schick Fritz , Grosse Ulrich , Syha Roland , Brechtel Klaus , Rittig Kilian , Martirosian Petros 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo evaluate muscle perfusion in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of the limb by means of MR arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion measurements during reactive hyperemia.Materials and MethodsTen patients with symptomatic PAOD affecting the iliac or femoral vessels were investigated before and after PTA. A pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) MR technique was applied. Perfusion was measured in soleus and tibialis anterior muscle during reactive hyperemia. Key parameters such as mean perfusion value (Phyp), time‐to‐peak (TTP) and duration of hyperemia (Thyp) describing the perfusion signal curve were examined.ResultsBetween baseline and post‐PTA, Phyp increased in both muscle groups. At the same time, TTP and Thyp decreased in both muscle groups. At the same time the clinically assessed ankle brachial index (ABI) increased from 0.56 ± 0.10 to 0.83 ± 0.15. The impaired pain‐free walking distance improved in all patients.ConclusionPCASL MRI can detect changes of the key perfusion parameters Phyp, TTP, and Thyp after successful PTA of the calf muscles during reactive hyperemia and seems to be a promising tool for monitoring of interventional treatments. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:980–987. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rapid single‐breath‐hold 3D late gadolinium enhancement cardiac MRI using a stack‐of‐spirals acquisition
Authors: Shin Taehoon , Lustig Michael , Nishimura Dwight G. , Hu Bob S. 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo develop a rapid single‐breath‐hold 3D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method, and demonstrate its feasibility in cardiac patients.Materials and MethodsAn inversion recovery dual‐density 3D stack‐of‐spirals imaging sequence was developed. The spiral acquisition was 2‐fold accelerated by self‐consistent parallel imaging reconstruction (SPIRiT), which resulted in a total scan time of 12 heartbeats. Field map‐based linear off‐resonance correction was incorporated to the SPIRiT reconstruction. The 3D spiral LGE scans were performed in 15 patients who were referred for clinically ordered cardiac MR examinations that included the standard 2D multislice LGE imaging. Image sharpness and overall quality were qualitatively assessed based on 5‐point scales.ResultsScar‐induced hyper‐LGE was identified in 4 out of the 15 patients by both 3D spiral and 2D multislice LGE tests. On average over all datasets (n = 15), the image sharpness scores were 3.9 (3D spiral) and 4.0 (2D multislice), and the image quality scores were 4.1 (3D spiral) and 4.0 (2D multislice) with no significant difference in both metrics (paired t‐test; P > 0.1). The average scar contrast enhancement ratios were 0.72 and 0.75 in 3D and 2D images, respectively (n = 4). The average difference of fractional scar volumes measured in 3D and 2D images was 4.3% (n = 3).ConclusionStack‐of‐spiral acquisition combined with non‐Cartesian SPIRiT parallel imaging enables rapid 3D LGE MRI in a 12 heartbeat‐long breath‐hold.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:1496–1502. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MR lymphangiography at 3.0 tesla to assess the function of inguinal lymph node in low extremity lymphedema
Authors: Zhou Guo‐xing , Chen Xiao , Zhang Jian‐hua , Zhu Jing‐qi , Wang Yi‐bin , Wang Zhong‐qiu 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo assess the function of inguinal lymph node (ILN) in low extremity lymphedema (LEL) with dynamic enhanced MR lymphangiography (MRL).Materials and MethodsSixty‐four patients with clinically diagnosed LEL underwent MRL examinations. The lymph drainage patterns were separated into four subtypes. The peak time to enhancement and the contrast ratio of the ILN were calculated 35 min following contrast agent administration.ResultsDilated lymphatic vessels could be observed in all subjects. Type I–IV drainage patterns were observed 25% (16/64), 45.31% (29/64), 17.19% (11/64), and 12.5% (8/64), respectively. The ILN in the edematous limbs could be observed in 93.75% (60/64) of subjects. The peak time to enhancement was correlated with clinical stages (P < 0.001) of the disease, lymph drainage patterns (P < 0.001), and the duration of lymphedema (P < 0.001). The contrast ratios were significantly different at each time point (P < 0.001) and significantly correlated with the lymphatic drainage patterns (P < 0.001).ConclusionMRL could provide useful information for evaluating the functional status of the ILN. Data presented here demonstrate that the functionality of the ILN is related to the clinical stage of the disease, lymphatic drainage patterns, and the duration of lymphedema.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:1430–1436. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The value of putaminal diffusion imaging versus 18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for the differential diagnosis of the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy
Authors: Baudrexel Simon , Seifried Carola , Penndorf Bianca , Klein Johannes C. , Middendorp Marcus , Steinmetz Helmuth , Grünwald Frank , Hilker Rüdiger 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDifferentiating the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA‐P) from idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and other forms of atypical parkinsonism can be difficult because symptoms overlap considerably. 18‐Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) is a powerful imaging technique that can assist in the diagnosis of MSA‐P via detection of putaminal and cerebellar hypometabolism. Recent studies suggest that diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) might be of similar diagnostic value, as it can detect microstructural damage in the putamen by means of an increased mean diffusivity (MD). The aim of this study was a direct comparison of DWI and FDG‐PET by using both methods on the same subject cohort. To this end, combined DWI and FDG‐PET were employed in patients with MSA‐P (n = 11), PD (n = 13), progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 8), and in 6 control subjects. MD values and FDG uptake ratios were derived from volumetric parcellations of the putamen and subjected to further analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and receiver operating characteristics analyses. MSA‐P was found to be associated with an increased posterior putaminal MD (P < 0.001 in all subgroup comparisons) that correlated strongly with local reductions in FDG uptake (r = −0.85, P = 0.002). DWI discriminated patients with MSA‐P from other subgroups nearly as accurately as FDG‐PET (area under the curve = 0.89 vs 0.95, P = 0.27 [pooled data]). Our data suggest a close association between the amount of putaminal microstructural damage and a reduced energy metabolism in patients with MSA‐P. The clinical use of DWI for the differential diagnosis of MSA‐P is encouraged. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Relative distance between two scalar fields. Application to mathematical modelling approximation
Authors: González‐Santander Juan L. , González Germán Martín 
Published: November 2013

AbstractInspired in the relative error between two quantities, we define a functional ΔD that operates on two non‐negative scalar fields, which are integrable in a given open connected set D. We prove that ΔD defines a metric, but not an ultrametric nor a translation invariant metric. We show how to apply ΔD to evaluate the performance of analytical approximations of PDEs. The principal advantage of using ΔD instead of other distances given in the literature is that the value given by ΔD has a very easy interpretation: a value close to 0 means relatively near, but a value close to 1 means relatively infinitely far. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Light‐directed mesoscale phase separation via holographic polymerization
Authors: Smith Derrick M. , Li Christopher Y. , Bunning Timothy J. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTHolographic polymerization (HP) is a simple, fast, and attractive technique to fabricate one‐, two‐ and three‐dimensional complex and functional nanostructures. Not only does the coupling of photopolymerization and light‐directed phase separation HP process render rich polymer physics to the latter, it also leads to profound morphology‐sensitive properties of HP structures, ranging from nano‐ to mesoscales. The past two decades witnessed tremendous progress in the field and in this review, we will probe the fundamental characteristics and parameters of HP, exemplify the versatility of this nanofabrication technique by presenting a diverse selection of HP patterned soft materials, and discuss some unique applications of such HP structures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 232–250
Effects of emotion regulation and general self‐efficacy on posttraumatic growth in Chinese cancer survivors: assessing the mediating effect of positive affect
Authors: Yu Yongju , Peng Li , Tang Tang , Chen Long , Li Min , Wang Tao 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, there have been increasing concerns about the existence of posttraumatic growth as a result of the struggle with cancer. The present study examined several potential predictors of posttraumatic growth and the mediating role of positive affect among Chinese cancer survivors.MethodsTwo hundred thirty cancer survivors recruited from two Chinese hospitals completed self‐report measures of perceived posttraumatic growth, emotion regulation, positive and negative affect, and general self‐efficacy. Correlation analysis, hierarchical linear regression analysis, and Sobel test were used for data analysis.ResultsOur findings revealed that perceived level of posttraumatic growth was associated with greater positive affect, more effective emotion regulation, and higher level of general self‐efficacy. No significant correlation could be found between negative affect and perceived posttraumatic growth. In addition, positive affect partially mediated the effects of expressive revealing and general self‐efficacy on perceived posttraumatic growth while totally mediating the relationship between expressive suppression and perceived posttraumatic growth.ConclusionsPositive affect, expressive revealing, and general self‐efficacy are important predictors of perceived posttraumatic growth among cancer survivors. Our findings also suggested that the effects of emotion regulation and general self‐efficacy upon perceived posttraumatic growth may be closely related to the level of positive affect. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.