bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stat1 Regulates Lupus-like Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease Severity via Interactions with Stat3
Authors: Shao Wen-Hai , Gamero Ana M. , Zhen Yuxuan , Lobue Monica J. , Priest Stephen O. , Albandar Hazem J. , Cohen Philip L. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by a spectrum of autoantibodies that target multiple cellular components. Glomerulonephritis is a major cause of morbidity in patients with SLE. Little is known about the pathogenesis of SLE renal damage and compromised renal function. Activation of both Stat1 and Stat3 has been reported in lupus and lupus nephritis. The reciprocal activation of these two transcription factors may have a major impact on renal inflammation. To study the role of Stat1 in a lupus model, we induced lupus-like chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) in Stat1-knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by i.p. injection of class II–disparate bm12 splenocytes. WT recipients of these alloreactive cells developed anti-dsDNA autoantibodies starting at week 2 as expected, with a decline after week 4. In contrast, Stat1-KO hosts exhibited a prolonged and significant increase of anti-dsDNA autoantibody responses compared with WT mice (week 4 to week 8). Increased autoantibody titers were accompanied by increased proteinuria and mortality in the cGVHD host mice lacking Stat1. Further analysis revealed expression and activation of Stat3 in the glomeruli of Stat1-KO host mice but not WT mice with cGVHD. Glomerular Stat3 activity in the Stat1-KO mice was associated with increased IL-6 and IFN-γ secretion and macrophage infiltration. Interactions between Stat1 and Stat3 thus appear to be crucial in determining the severity of lupus-like disease in the cGVHD model.
Elastography: A New Dimension in Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging
Authors: Balaji P , Gazge Nikhat Mukhtar 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
Elastography or elasticity imaging is a new non-invasive imaging modality that involves tissue stiffness assessment based on hardness (elasticity) of normal or pathological tissues. The principle being that tissue compression produces strain within the tissue leading to tissue displacement due to which tissue hardness can be estimated. This tissue elasticity resulting from compression is displayed as an image called elastogram. This technique can be particularly useful in preoperative assessment of pathological tissues which are generally harder than normal surrounding tissues. Hence, the purpose of this article is to highlight this technique and its various applications in oral and maxillofacial region.

How to cite this article
Gazge NM, Balaji P. Elastography: A New Dimension in Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging. J Health Sci Res 2014;5(2):6-9.
Maxillary Ameloblastoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Balaji P , Vasan Vinitra , Latha S 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive odontogenic tumor. The knowledge about this tumor is gaining greater importance because of its emerging variants. It is very essential to know the clinical, radiological and histopathological features of all the subtypes of ameloblastoma along with their behavioral and prognostic characteristics. Worldwide, maxillary ameloblastoma is rare, but its late detection renders adequate treatment difficult. Majority occur in the mandible with about 5 to 20% occurring in the maxillary bone. Here, we report a case of follicular ameloblastoma of the anterior maxilla in a 60-year-old male.

How to cite this article
Vasan V, Balaji P, Latha S, Gupta A. Maxillary Ameloblastoma: A Rare Case Report. J Health Sci Res 2014;5(2):21-24.
Full Mouth Rehabilitation of a Child with Cerebral Palsy under General Anesthesia
Authors: Jaya AR , Praveen P , Ananthraj A , Nihal Nidhi K 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTCerebral palsy is defined as a nonprogressive brain disorder of movement and posture. The patient is characterized by mental and motor disabilities, sensory impairments of vision and hearing, besides having seizures and contraction joints. The dentist, doctors and healthcare professionals who treat patients with disabilities play an important role in health promotion and improvement in quality of life through multidisciplinary clinical planning especially in cerebral palsy patients who need special care. The aim of this case report was to describe a clinical case in which preventive and surgical interventions were performed in a 6-year-old male child with cerebral palsy under general anesthesia who reported to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DAPMRV Dental College, Bengaluru, with the chief complaint of pain and swelling in upper left and lower right back tooth region. The approach targeted to the oral health of the patient with cerebral palsy can be considered as an important strategy for promoting the overall health and quality of life.How to cite this articleJaya AR, Praveen P, Ananthraj A, Nihal NK. Full Mouth Rehabilitation of a Child with Cerebral Palsy under General Anesthesia. J Health Sci Res 2014;5(2):29-32.
Loss of Heterozygosity in Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta in Invasive Breast Cancer
Authors: Ling Yaqin , Li Qing , Yang Hui , Wang Yonghe , Tang Fabing , Kang Hongfei , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2015

Background Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome arm 3p, where the gene of thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB) is located, has been reported in breast cancer. Although some studies performed in vitro have suggested that THRB could act as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer development, there is still no unequivocal evidence to support this. Methods To determine the role of LOH in breast tumor development, the LOH of THRB and its proximal microsatellite markers D3S1293, D3S3659, D3S3700, D3S2307 and D3S2336 was investigated in a genomic region spanning ~3.3 Mb in tumor specimens and in corresponding normal tissues of 74 invasive breast cancer patients. The association was analyzed between LOH in microsatellite markers and clinicopathological characteristics. Results LOH was detected in D3S1293 (36.7%), THRB (59.4%), D3S3659 (37.5%) and D3S3700 (55.2%) among the informative cases, while LOH was not detected in D3S2307 and D3S2336. Cases exhibited LOH of 52.8%-71.4% if any 2 markers were combined and analyzed out of the first 4 microsatellite markers. LOH in THRB was associated with negative estrogen receptor (ER), negative progesterone receptor (PR), both negative estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0001, p = 0.005, p = 0.001 and p = 0.018). The association with negative PR in LOH in THRB and/or D3S1293 was pronounced (p<0.0001). LOH in D3S3700 showed an association with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.014). This association was enhanced if D3S3700 was combined with THRB or D3S3659 (p = 0.0004, p = 0.0002). Conclusions LOH in THRB and its proximal microsatellite markers may play a role in tumorigenesis and development in invasive breast cancer.
Clinicopathological Correlation of Keratinocyte Growth Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Human Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Qing , Wang Ping , Shao Ming , Chen Shi-Wen , Xu Zhi-Feng , Xu Feng , Yang Zhong-Yin , Liu Bing-Ya , Gu Qin-Long , Zhang Wen-Jian , Li Yong 
Published: September 2015

Aims and background Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is reported to be implicated in the growth of some cancer cells. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is thought to enhance the tumor invasion and metastasis ability. This study was aimed at analyzing the relationship between KGF and MMP-9 expression and patients' clinicopathological characteristics to clarify the clinical significance of the expression of KGF and MMP-9 in gastric cancer. Methods Tissue samples from 161 patients with primary gastric cancer were investigated using immunohistochemistry. The relationship between KGF and/or MMP-9 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Results KGF expression and MMP-9 expression in gastric cancer tissue were observed in 62 cases (38.5%) and 97 cases (60.2%), respectively. MMP-9 was significantly associated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. The prognosis of MMP-9-positive patients was significantly poorer than that of MMP-9-negative patients (p = 0.009). KGF expression was positively correlated with MMP-9 expression in gastric cancer, and the prognosis of patients with both KGF- and MMP-9-positive tumors was significantly worse than that of patients with negative tumors for either factor (p = 0.045). Expression of MMP-9 was revealed to be an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.026). Conclusions Coexpression of KGF and MMP-9 in gastric cancer could be a useful prognostic factor, and MMP-9 might also serve as a novel target for both prognostic prediction and therapeutics.
Cannibalism, Consumerism, and Profanation
Authors: Dominy Jordan J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Cormac McCarthy's 2006 novel The Road uses archetypal images of cannibalism appearing in contact period travelogues, eighteenth-century abolitionist writings, and more recent narratives. These connections between The Road and earlier writings demonstrate how the novel evokes imagery of insatiable anthropophagy in the same way that authors prior have done so in a critique of capitalism and emphasize the novel's critical portrayal of American consumerism. Critics writing on The Road have certainly addressed the novel's cannibalism as an ethical divide and as a metaphor for blind consumerism. However, they do not explore at length the prevalence of other kinds of consumption in the novel remaining in its landscape, which the narrator often describes as having been consumed by some manner of ecological disaster, and the somewhat less visible—but surviving—apparatus of consumer society. The Road envisions a world ultimately resulting from an utter drive to consume and can be read as a grim, extreme parable warning of an entire globe commodified and consumed, leaving only waste—a literal dust heap of history—and advising that this end could be difficult to avoid.
The impact of ultraviolet photography on the sun safety awareness and behavior of skiers and snowboarders
Authors: Lynn Darren , Jones Trevor , Whitsitt Jacob , Trikha Ritika , Schlichte Megan J. , Karimkhani Chante , Boyers Lindsay , Winston Helena , Dunnick Cory A. , Dellavalle Robert P. 
Published: September 2015

Objective: Snow sport enthusiasts, such as snowboarders and skiers, are a less studied population at significant risk for ultraviolet(UV) exposure due to long hours spent at high altitudes with more intense UV radiation. Studies have documented the efficacy ofUV photography to impact sun protection habits by individuals with a range of skin cancer risk factors. Informing snow sportenthusiasts of their sun damage through UV photography may be a way to change this population’s perception and behavior of sun protection.Methods: A UV camera was utilized at the 2013 SnowSports Industries America Snow Show in Colorado to assess the levelof accumulated sun damage in show attendees. A follow-up survey was performed at this same event one year later in 2014. Participants at the 2013 event were recruited to a UV camera booth and completed a ten-question pre-survey assessing baselinesun-safety awareness and behaviors. Full-face frontal photographs using two different UV camera models were then takenand shown on a digital screen to the participants. Individualized education was provided regarding the degree of sun damage revealed by the intervention as well as sun safety recommendations. Participants were at the 2013 event were then contacted viaemail six months later to complete a ten-question survey on surveymonkey.com. The survey assessed the permanence of the UV photography intervention on sun habits over the duration of the ski/snowboard season. Email was used for communication purposes after a poor response rate using telephone for a one-month post-intervention follow-up.Results: The 2013 post-intervention study revealed a 41% response rate (n=46) with overall positive influence of UV photographyon sun protection behavior in the survey. Post-intervention survey results for the 2014 study with an observed response rate of 28% (n=37) with a similar overall positive influence of our intervention on sun protection behavior.Conclusions: UV photography-based interventions and education may impact sun-safety behavior in high-risk populations such as skiers and snowboarders that may otherwise not receive appropriate education regarding the dangers of UV exposure and prevention of skin cancer. However, more controlled studies should be conducted to positively associate UV photography intervention and education and sun safety behavior.
R&D Project selection by integrated grey analytic network process and grey relational analysis: an implementation for home appliances company
Authors: Tuzkaya Umut R. , Yolver Ezgi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFor many firms, the key to improve competitiveness is their ability of research and development (R&D);therefore the R&D project selection is an essential decision process for them. In this study, we worked on R&D Project Selection issue and performed an implementation for a home appliances company. Wefirst discussed important criteria for R&D projects selection with R&D specialists in the company. Inorder to evaluate projects, many criteria, containing various sub-criteria were determined via extensiveliterature research. After reviewing multi criteria decision methods in order to handle theinterdependencies among the criteria and the sub-criteria, Analytic Network Process (ANP) was chosen.Due to being conformed to characteristics of R&D projects, the ANP model generated basing on greynumbers. Also, ANP was used to get the weight of criteria. The experts filled the pairwise comparisonmatrices, which were built up for defining the importance and influences of the criteria/sub-criteria inthe ANP model. According to these matrices, weights were determined. Then, determined alternativeprojects were ranked via Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method. The model was applied on a real liferefrigerator projects in a home appliances company.
Carbon and oxygen isotopes of bulk carbonate in sediment deposited beneath the eastern equatorial Pacific over the last 8 million years
Authors: Reghellin Daniele , Coxall Helen K. , Dickens Gerald R. , Backman Jan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTo improve the understanding and utility of bulk carbonate stable carbon and oxygen isotope measurements, we examine sediment from cores in the eastern equatorial Pacific that span the last 8 Ma. We measured δ13C and δ18O in 791 samples from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1338 and Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 573, both located close to the Pacific equator. In 100 samples, we measured δ13C and δ18O on isolated <63 µm and <38 µm fractions, which concentrates calcareous nannofossil carbonate and progressively excludes foraminiferal carbonate. Bulk carbonate δ13C and δ18O records are similar to published records from other sites drilled near the equator and seem to reflect mixed layer conditions, albeit with some important caveats involving the precipitation of calcite by coccolithophores. The comparatively lower δ13C and δ18O of the <63 µm and <38 µm fractions in sediments younger than 4.4 Ma is attributed to an increase in deep‐dwelling planktic foraminifera material in bulk carbonate, shifting the bulk isotopic signals toward higher values. Bulk carbonate δ13C is similar over 2500 km along the Pacific equator, suggesting covarying concentrations and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon within surface waters since 8 Ma. Greater bulk sediment δ13C and δ18O, higher sedimentation rates, and low content of coarse material suggest intensified wind‐driven upwelling and enhanced primary productivity along the Pacific equator between 8.0 and 4.4 Ma, although a full understanding of bulk carbonate records will require extensive future work.
Optical Manipulation: Trapping, Photoporation, and Transfection
Authors: Antkowiak Maciej , Dholakia Kishan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The use of laser light for cell nanosurgery and micromanipulation has gained a significant interest in the recent decades. This article reviews and describes the emergent areas of optical cell transfection with laser fields and optical manipulation of cells. First, we discuss how laser beams can be used to create small submicron‐sized perforations in the cell membrane to facilitate the transfer of therapeutic agents. We then turn to the topic of manipulating the motion of cells with optical forces by using near infrared laser sources with no damage. We also present the laser‐guided neuron growth and then briefly discuss the merging of optical trapping and cell transfection by use of the breakdown of optically trapped particles for poration and transfection of larger numbers of cells.
Childhood: A Universalist Perspective for How Israel is using Child Arrest and Detention to further its Colonial Settler Project
Authors: Shalhoub‐Kevorkian Nadera 
Published: September 2015

AbstractDrawing from reports and documentation published by Israeli and Palestinian human rights and children's rights organizations, and establishing the analyses from the voices and stories of Palestinian children suffering from politically motivated abuses, the present paper examines child abuse in settler colonial contexts. Through the analyses of the various voices, narratives, and reports, the paper examines the inscription of state power over children's bodies and lives, marking the connection between biopolitics and geopolitics, as well as the resultant suffering of children. The analyses of the collected data suggest that knowledge about child maltreatment and the violations of children's rights cannot be dislocated from the history, politics, and structure of settler colonialism. The paper concludes by arguing that living a childhood situated in spaces of exterminability, as the voices of the studied children reveal, should be defined as child abuse and maltreatment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collusion as a Defense against Guilt: Further Notes on the West's Relationship with Israel and the Palestinians
Authors: Kemp Martin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractReturning to the theme of an earlier paper (Kemp ), the author explores the anxiety‐ridden nature of debate about Israel‐Palestine in the West. Rather than guilt per se, it is suggested that it is collective defences against guilt that are threatened when the issue is raised in public. The West's dilemma has been to reconcile its commitment to universalist values with its support for Israel. Zionism's objective of a Jewish state in an already inhabited country has led inevitably to repression and racism. The outcome has been collusion in a cover‐up of the true nature of Israeli ideology and policy, akin to the collusion that takes place in a clinical relationship when a psychoanalyst fails to make a necessary interpretation to a patient in order to avoid discomfort or conflict. Among the many unfortunate consequences has been a failure to challenge the instrumentalization of the Holocaust, paradoxically now used to neutralize opposition to the subjugation of the Palestinians.
Alkaline Partial Wet Oxidation of Lignin for the Production of Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Demesa Abayneh G. , Laari Arto , Turunen Ilkka , Sillanpää Mika 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe production of carboxylic acids by partial wet oxidation of alkali lignin was studied experimentally. The factors influencing the different types of products, their yields and concentrations were investigated. Formic, acetic, succinic, oxalic, and glutaconic acid were the main identified products. Both the temperature and oxygen partial pressure are shown to have direct effects on the product yields whereas the lignin concentration has an indirect effect. At low lignin concentrations, the yield of products was relatively high. However, at higher concentrations, the yield decreased. By measuring the lignin molecular weight distributions, it is shown that this decrease is linked to repolymerization/condensation reactions of lignin fragments which compete with oxidative lignin depolymerization.
In‐situ‐Entfernung von Eisen aus Glasschmelzen mittels elektrochemischer Verfahren
Authors: Finkenberger Johannes , Meinhardt Jürgen , Kron Johanna , Deinhardt Anika , Kilo Martin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGlas ist für künftige Schlüsseltechnologien wie Solar‐, Informations‐ und Kommunikationstechnologien unverzichtbar. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Entfernung von Eisen aus Kalknatronglasschmelzen mittels elektrochemischer Verfahren untersucht. Durch eine Variation der Elektrodenmaterialien und der Elektrolysebedingungen (Temperatur, Spannung) war es möglich, Eisen aus der Glasschmelze direkt zu entfernen. Dabei zeigte sich allerdings, dass für eine effiziente Entfernung von erheblichen Mengen Eisens ein optimales Design der Schmelzanlage notwendig ist.
A Quantitative Central Limit Theorem for the Effective Conductance on the Discrete Torus
Authors: Gloria Antoine , Nolen James 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe study a random conductance problem on a d‐dimensional discrete torus of size L > 0. The conductances are independent, identically distributed random variables uniformly bounded from above and below by positive constants. The effective conductance AL of the network is a random variable, depending on L, that converges almost surely to the homogenized conductance Ahom. Our main result is a quantitative central limit theorem for this quantity as L → ∞. In particular, we prove there exists some σ > 0 such that

urn:x-wiley:0010-3640:media:cpa21614:cpa21614-math-0001

where dK is the Kolmogorov distance and is a standard normal variable. The main achievement of this contribution is the precise asymptotic description of the variance of AL.© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Core Perylene Diimide Designs via Direct Bay‐ and ortho‐(Poly)trifluoromethylation: Synthesis, Isolation, X‐ray Structures, Optical and Electronic Properties
Authors: Clikeman Tyler T. , Bukovsky Eric V. , Wang Xue‐Bin , Chen Yu‐Sheng , Rumbles Garry , Strauss Steven H. , Boltalina Olga V. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe developed an efficient solvent‐ and catalyst‐free direct polytrifluoromethylation of solid perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride that produced a new family of (poly)perfluoroalkyl bay‐ and ortho‐substituted PDIs with two different imide substituents. Direct hydrogen substitution with CN group led to the synthesis of a cyanated perfluoroalkyl PDI derivative for the first time. Absorption, steady‐state and time‐resolved emission, X‐ray diffraction, electrochemical, and gas‐phase electron affinity data allowed for systematic studies of substitution effects at bay, ortho, and imide positions in the new PDIs. Solid‐state packing showed remarkable variations in the intermolecular interactions that are important for charge transport and photophysical properties. Analysis of the electrochemical data for 143 electron poor PDIs, including newly reported compounds, revealed some general trends and peculiar effects from substituting electron‐withdrawing groups at all three positions.