bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coordinated reset neuromodulation for Parkinson's disease: Proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Adamchic Ilya , Hauptmann Christian , Barnikol Utako Brigit , Pawelczyk Norbert , Popovych Oleksandr , Barnikol Thomas Theo , Silchenko Alexander , Volkmann Jens , Deuschl Günter , Meissner Wassilios G , Maarouf Mohammad , Sturm Volker , Freund Hans‐Joachim , Tass Peter Alexander 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe discovery of abnormal synchronization of neuronal activity in the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease (PD) has prompted the development of novel neuromodulation paradigms. Coordinated reset neuromodulation intends to specifically counteract excessive synchronization and to induce cumulative unlearning of pathological synaptic connectivity and neuronal synchrony.MethodsIn this prospective case series, six PD patients were evaluated before and after coordinated reset neuromodulation according to a standardized protocol that included both electrophysiological recordings and clinical assessments.ResultsCoordinated reset neuromodulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) applied to six PD patients in an externalized setting during three stimulation days induced a significant and cumulative reduction of beta band activity that correlated with a significant improvement of motor function.ConclusionsThese results highlight the potential effects of coordinated reset neuromodulation of the STN in PD patients and encourage further development of this approach as an alternative to conventional high‐frequency deep brain stimulation in PD. © 2014 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Embryotomy in the 19th Century of Central Italy
Authors: Capasso L. , Sciubba M. , Hua Q. , Levchenko V. A. , Viciano J. , D'Anastasio R. , Bertuch F. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAn enormous earthquake in L'Aquila in 2009 brought to light human bodies buried in the underground rooms of the medieval St. John the Evangelist church (Casentino, Central Italy). Among the remains, we discovered a human fetus, whose post‐cranial bones were wrapped in bandages and cranial bones were reallocated inside a sort of hood. Anthropometrical investigation revealed an age at death of 29 ± 2 weeks of pregnancy for the little mummy. Radiograph analysis of the fetus showed that the skull was dissected and disconnected from the vertebral column, and the post‐cranial bones were completely disarticulated from the axial skeleton. The body was reassembled in a way of anatomic connection at a later stage. This mummified fetus dated to ad 1840 showed paleopathological evidence of a possible embryotomy and could be a rare and unquestionable case of embryotomy in archaeological context. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Laboratory and field assessment of cyantraniliprole relative to existing fly baits
Authors: Murillo Amy C , Gerry Alec C , Gallagher Nicola T , Peterson Nyles G , Mullens Bradley A 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDToxic fly baits are commonly used for fly control in California animal operations. However, resistance development has been a problem. Comprehensive laboratory and field studies were conducted to test commercial baits (imidacloprid, methomyl, dinotefuran, spinosad) and one novel cyantraniliprole bait. A susceptible Musca domestica strain was compared with wild‐type M. domestica and Fannia canicularis strains in the laboratory using choice/no‐choice tests. Field visitation to baits and both short‐ and longer‐term mortality were documented.RESULTSSusceptible Musca suffered high mortality with all baits after 3 days of choice and no‐choice tests. Wild‐type Musca mortality was more variable and higher in no‐choice relative to choice tests. Fannia were most susceptible to spinosad > dinotefuran = cyantraniliprole > methomyl = imidacloprid. Field Musca were most attracted to spinosad > cyantraniliprole > dinotefuran > sugar > methomyl > imidacloprid. Delayed mortality from bait‐fed field flies (captured and held with untreated food and water for 3 days) was ranked spinosad = cyantraniliprole > dinotefuran = methomyl > imidacloprid > sugar.CONCLUSIONBehavioral resistance of M. domestica to imidacloprid and methomyl persists. Spinosad and cyantraniliprole baits (delayed mortality) performed best. Speed of action may be a factor in use and misuse of baits. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Fetal aortic valvuloplasty: investigating institutional bias in surgical decision‐making
Authors: Kovacevic A. , Roughton M. , Mellander M. , Öhman A. , Tulzer G. , Dangel J. , Magee A. G. , Mair R. , Ghez O. , Schmidt K. G. , Gardiner H. M. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjectivesFetal aortic valvuloplasty may prevent the progression of aortic stenosis to hypoplastic left heart syndrome and allow biventricular rather than univentricular postnatal treatment. This study aimed to investigate whether blinded simulation of a multidisciplinary team approach aids interpretation of multicenter data to uncover institutional bias in postnatal decision‐making following fetal cardiac intervention for aortic stenosis.MethodsThe study included 109 cases of prenatally diagnosed aortic stenosis from 13 European countries, of which 32 had undergone fetal cardiac intervention. The multidisciplinary team, blinded to fetal cardiac intervention, institutional location and postnatal treatment, retrospectively assigned a surgical pathway (biventricular or univentricular) based on a review of recorded postnatal imaging and clinical characteristics. The team's decisions were the numerical consensus of silent voting, with case review when a decision was split. Funnel plots showing concordance between the multidisciplinary team and the local team's surgical choice (first pathway) and with outcome (final pathway) were created.ResultsIn 105 cases the multidisciplinary team reached a consensus decision regarding the surgical pathway, with no decision in four cases because the available imaging records were inadequate. Blinded multidisciplinary team consensus for the first pathway matched the decision of the surgical center in 93/105 (89%) cases, with no difference in agreement between those that had undergone successful fetal cardiac intervention (n = 32) and no (n = 74) or unsuccessful (n = 3) valvuloplasty (no fetal cardiac intervention) (κ = 0.73 (95% CI, 0.38–1.00) vs 0.74 (95% CI, 0.51–0.96)). However, funnel plots comparing multidisciplinary team individual decisions with those of the local teams displayed more discordance (meaning biventricular–univentricular conversion) for the final surgical pathway following fetal cardiac intervention than they did for cases without such intervention (36/74 vs 34/130; P = 0.002), and identified one outlying center.ConclusionsThe use of a blinded multidisciplinary team to simulate decision‐making and presentation of data in funnel plots may assist in the interpretation of data submitted to multicenter studies and permit the identification of outliers for further investigation. In the case of aortic stenosis, a high level of agreement was observed between the multidisciplinary team and the surgical centers, but one outlying center was identified. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Optimization cultures
Authors: Gilli Manfred , Schumann Enrico 
Published: June 2014

Computational optimization methods can be broadly classified into two groups: classical methods—which require and exploit specific functional forms of objective function and constraints—and heuristics. Those latter methods impose few, if any, restrictions on models, at the price of being more computationally demanding. But because of the growth of computing capacity over the last decades, those methods are now perfectly practical tools for everyday use. Yet, instead of realizing the advantages of heuristics, users still cling to classical methods. We discuss the reasons for this nonacceptance of heuristics, and argue that the choice of numerical‐optimization techniques is as much driven by the culture of the user—field of work and educational background—as by the quality of the method. In particular, we argue that many of the alleged shortcomings of heuristics could be overcome if researchers stopped treating optimization as a mathematical, exact discipline; instead, they should consider it a practical, computational tool. WIREs Comput Stat 2014, 6:352–358. doi: 10.1002/wics.1312This article is categorized under:

Algorithms and Computational Methods > Stochastic Optimization
The costs of late detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Woodacre Timothy , Dhadwal A. , Ball T. , Edwards C. , Cox P. J. A. 
Published: June 2014

Purpose Debate currently exists regarding the economic viability for screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants. Methods A prospective study of infant hip dysplasia over the period of 1998–2008 (36,960 live births) was performed to determine treatment complexity and associated costs of disease detection and hospital treatment, related to the age at presentation and treatment modality. The involved screening programme utilised universal clinical screening of all infants and selective ultrasound screening of at-risk infants. Results One hundred and seventy-nine infants (4.8/1,000) presented with hip dysplasia. Thirty-four infants presented late (> 3 months of age) and required closed or open reduction. One hundred and forty-five infants presented at < 3 months of age, 14 of whom failed early Pavlik harness treatment. A detailed cost analysis revealed: 131 early presenters with successful management in a Pavlik harness at a cost of £601/child; 34 late presenters who required surgery (36 hips, 19 closed/17 open reductions, one revision procedure) at a cost of £4,352/child; and 14 early presenters with failed management in a Pavlik harness requiring more protracted surgery (18 hips, four closed/14 open reductions, seven revision procedures) at a cost of £7,052/child. Conclusions Late detection causes increased treatment complexity and a sevenfold increase in the short-term costs of treatment, compared to early detection and successful management in a Pavlik harness. Discussion Improved strategies are needed for the 10 % of early presenting infants who fail Pavlik harness treatment and require the most complex and costly interventions.
Serum Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor levels in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorders: A pilot study
Authors: Zhang Qing‐biao , Jiang Liang‐fu , kong Ling‐Yu , Lu Yuan‐Jun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential role of BDNF in Chinese children with ASD. Sixty patients (48 male, 12 female) diagnosed with ASD and 60 healthy sex and age control subjects were assessed for serum BDNF content at admission. BDNF were assayed with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay methods, and severity of ASD was evaluated with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) Score. The results indicated that the median serum BDNF levels were significantly (P < 0.0001) higher in children with ASD as compared to normal cases [17.6(IQR: 13.7–21.4) ng/ml and 11.5(9.6–13.8) ng/ml, respectively]. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the optimal cut‐off value of serum BDNF levels as an indicator for auxiliary diagnosis of autism was projected to be 15.0 ng/ml. Further, we found that an increased risk of ASD was associated with BDNF levels >15.0 ng/ml (adjusted OR 10.4, 95% CI: 4.39–29.32) after adjusting for above possible confounders. Our study demonstrated that serum BDNF levels were associated with ASD, and higher levels could be considered as an independent risk factor of ASD.
Robustness of automated hippocampal volumetry across magnetic resonance field strengths and repeat images
Authors: Wolz Robin , Schwarz Adam J. , Yu Peng , Cole Patricia E. , Rueckert Daniel , Jack Clifford R. , Raunig David , Hill Derek ,   The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundLow HCV has recently been qualified by the European Medicines Agency as a biomarker for enrichment of clinical trials in predementia stages of Alzheimer's disease. For automated methods to meet the necessary regulatory requirements, it is essential they be standardized and their performance be well characterized.MethodsThe within‐image and between‐field strength reproducibility of automated hippocampal volumetry using the Learning Embeddings for Atlas Propagation (or LEAP) algorithm was assessed on 153 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative subjects.ResultsTests/retests at 1.5 T and 3 T, and a comparison between 1.5 T and 3 T, yielded average unsigned variabilities in HCVs of 1.51%, 1.52%, and 2.68%. A small bias between field strengths (mean signed difference, 1.17%; standard deviation, 3.07%) was observed.ConclusionsThe measured reproducibility characteristics confirm the suitability of using automated magnetic resonance imaging analyses to assess HCVs quantitatively and to represent a fundamental characterization that is critical to meet the regulatory requirements for using hippocampal volumetry in clinical trials and health care.
The Phragmoplast-Orienting Kinesin-12 Class Proteins Translate the Positional Information of the Preprophase Band to Establish the Cortical Division Zone inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Lipka Elisabeth , Gadeyne Astrid , Stöckle Dorothee , Zimmermann Steffi , De Jaeger Geert , Ehrhardt David W. , Kirik Viktor , Van Damme Daniel , Müller Sabine 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe preprophase band (PPB) is a faithful but transient predictor of the division plane in somatic cell divisions. Throughout mitosis the PPBs positional information is preserved by factors that continuously mark the division plane at the cell cortex, the cortical division zone, by their distinct spatio-temporal localization patterns. However, the mechanism maintaining these identity factors at the plasma membrane after PPB disassembly remains obscure. The pair of kinesin-12 class proteins PHRAGMOPLAST ORIENTING KINESIN1 (POK1) and POK2 are key players in division plane maintenance. Here, we show that POK1 is continuously present at the cell cortex, providing a spatial reference for the site formerly occupied by the PPB. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis combined with microtubule destabilization revealed dynamic microtubule-dependent recruitment of POK1 to the PPB during prophase, while POK1 retention at the cortical division zone in the absence of cortical microtubules appeared static. POK function is strictly required to maintain the division plane identity factor TANGLED (TAN) after PPB disassembly, although POK1 and TAN recruitment to the PPB occur independently during prophase. Together, our data suggest that POKs represent fundamental early anchoring components of the cortical division zone, translating and preserving the positional information of the PPB by maintaining downstream identity markers.
Identification of Abnormal Screening Mammogram Interpretation Using Medicare Claims Data
Authors: Hubbard Rebecca A. , Zhu Weiwei , Balch Steven , Onega Tracy , Fenton Joshua J. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveTo develop and validate Medicare claims‐based approaches for identifying abnormal screening mammography interpretation.Data SourcesMammography data and linked Medicare claims for 387,709 mammograms performed from 1999 to 2005 within the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC).Study DesignSplit‐sample validation of algorithms based on claims for breast imaging or biopsy following screening mammography.Data Extraction MethodsMedicare claims and BCSC mammography data were pooled at a central Statistical Coordinating Center.Principal FindingsPresence of claims for subsequent imaging or biopsy had sensitivity of 74.9 percent (95 percent confidence interval [CI], 74.1–75.6) and specificity of 99.4 percent (95 percent CI, 99.4–99.5). A classification and regression tree improved sensitivity to 82.5 percent (95 percent CI, 81.9–83.2) but decreased specificity (96.6 percent, 95 percent CI, 96.6–96.8).ConclusionsMedicare claims may be a feasible data source for research or quality improvement efforts addressing high rates of abnormal screening mammography.
Improvement of Fermented Chinese Cabbage Characteristics by Selected Starter Cultures
Authors: Han Xue , Yi Huaxi , Zhang Lanwei , Huang Weiwei , Zhang Yingchun , Zhang Lili , Du Ming 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTraditional fermented vegetables have inconsistent quality and high nitrite content, whereas a commercial starter culture could overcome these problems. A total of 34 lactic acid bacteria strains were screened from 2 homemade naturally fermented Chinese cabbages. Fermented characters of single starter or mixed cultures were examined, including acidification, growth rate, and nitrite depletion ability in the fermented culture. As a result, the combined starter culture (Lactobacillus delbrueckii IWQ and Lactobacillus paracasei J21) was selected. The fermented Chinese cabbage resulted from this mixed starter culture had higher sugar content residue (30.5 mg/mL for mixed culture and 22 mg/mL for control). And the titratable acid of the cabbage fermented by the mixed starter was 110°T, which was twice higher than that of control sample. The selected starter culture also had a better texture and sensory qualities than that the starter cultures from a local fermented Chinese cabbage plant, especially for its significantly lower nitrite content (3.00 mg/kg for mixed culture and 4.49 mg/kg for control). The findings of this study form a database for further studies on the development of starter cultures for fermented cabbage production and could replaced the local plant starter culture.
Consumer Awareness and Interest Toward Sodium Reduction Trends in Korea
Authors: Kim Mina K. , Lee Kwang‐Geun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReduction of dietary sodium intake by lowering amount of sodium in foods is a global industry target. Quantitative information on current consumer knowledge of sodium reduction trends in Korea is unknown. The objective of this study was to quantify the consumer knowledge and awareness of sodium and salt reduction in foods and to characterize consumer interest in health labeling on the food package. Additionally, comparison of consumer knowledge status between Korea and United States was followed. Consumers (n = 289) participated in an internet survey designed to gauge consumer knowledge and attitudes toward dietary sodium, the sodium content in representative food products (n = 27), and their interest toward specific health claims, including sodium labeling. Questions regarding demographics as well as consumption characteristics were asked. Sodium knowledge index and saltiness belief index were calculated based on the number of correct responses regarding the salt level and sodium content in given food products. Kano analysis was conducted to determine the role of nutrition labels in consumer satisfaction with products. Current consumer knowledge on the sodium content in food products was high, and consumers were adept at matching the sodium content with the salty taste intensity of food products. Consumers’ knowledge of the relationship between diets high in sodium and an increased risk of developing previously reported sodium‐related diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, kidney disease, and stomach cancer, were also high. Information on the nutrition panel that influences the consumer satisfaction (trans‐fat, sodium, ingredient list, and country of origin) as well as adjective‐nutrition claim pairs that appeal positively to purchase intent of the product were identified.
Matrix Metalloproteinases are Involved in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Azevedo Aline , Prado Alejandro F. , Antonio Raquel C. , Issa Joao P. , Gerlach Raquel F. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis MiniReview describes the essential biochemical and molecular aspects of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and briefly discusses how they engage in different diseases, with particular emphasis on cardiovascular diseases. There is compelling scientific evidence that many MMPs, especially MMP‐2, play important roles in the development of cardiovascular diseases; inhibition of these enzymes is beneficial to many cardiovascular conditions, sometimes precluding or postponing end‐organ damage and fatal outcomes. Conducting comprehensive discussions and further studies on how MMPs participate in cardiovascular diseases is important, because inhibition of these enzymes may be an alternative or an adjuvant for current cardiovascular disease therapy.
Multicenter retrospective analysis of systemic chemotherapy for advanced neuroendocrine carcinoma of the digestive system
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Machida Nozomu , Morizane Chigusa , Kasuga Akiyoshi , Takahashi Hideaki , Sudo Kentaro , Nishina Tomohiro , Tobimatsu Kazutoshi , Ishido Kenji , Furuse Junji , Boku Narikazu , Okusaka Takuji 
Published: June 2014

This study analyzed outcomes of systemic chemotherapy for advanced neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the digestive system. Clinical data from 258 patients with unresectable or recurrent NEC of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) or hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic system (HBP), who received chemotherapy, were collected from 23 Japanese institutions and analyzed retrospectively. Patients had primary sites in the esophagus (n = 85), stomach (n = 70), small bowel (n = 6), colorectum (n = 31), hepato‐biliary system (n = 31) and pancreas (n = 31). Median overall survival (OS) was 13.4 months the esophagus, 13.3 months for the stomach, 29.7 months for the small bowel, 7.6 months for the colorectum, 7.9 months for the hepato‐biliary system and 8.5 months for the pancreas. Irinotecan plus cisplatin (IP) and etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) were most commonly selected for GI‐NEC and HBP‐NEC. For patients treated with IP/EP (n = 160/46), the response rate was 50/28% and median OS was 13.0/7.3 months. Multivariate analysis among patients treated with IP or EP showed that the primary site (GI vs HBP; hazard ratio [HR] 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.35–0.97) and baseline serum lactate dehydrogenase levels (not elevated vs elevated; HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.46–0.94) were independent prognostic factors for OS, while the efficacy of IP was slightly better than for EP (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.48–1.33; P = 0.389). IP and EP are the most common treatment regimens for NEC of the digestive system. HBP primary sites and elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels are unfavorable prognostic factors for survival. A randomized controlled trial is required to establish the appropriate chemotherapy regimen for advanced NEC of the digestive system. This study was registered at UMIN as trial number 000005176.