bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of machine learning techniques for wetland type mapping in the Numto Nature Park (Western Siberia)
Authors: Moskovchenko Mikhail 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The risk of melting West Siberian frozen mires increases because of current climate warming, which could affect the global carbon balance. Predicting the effects of warming requires assessing changes in the area of frozen mires. Geospatial models can be used for these purposes, as they allow for large-scale mapping of ecosystems over large areas. This study focuses on ecosystems of the Numto Nature Park (Western Siberia) where both frozen and unfrozen mires of various types are widespread. We used Landsat 8 satellite imagery and the ASTER GDEM digital elevation model as predictors and a vegetation map as a target variable. Fifteen different machine learning models were trained and compared with each other, including four classical machine learning models and eleven deep learning models (neural networks). Among classical machine learning models, the Gradient Boosting model achieved the best results (accuracy of 75.7%), and among neural networks, DeepLabV3 with ResNet50 backbone performed the best (accuracy of 75.8%). Therefore, both models yielded approximately the same accuracy in modeling different types of mires. However, the neural network was better at modeling palsa frozen mires and eutrophic and mesotrophic mires. In particular, the F1-scores of DeepLabV3 were 80.0% and 60.4%, while the Gradient Boosting model scored 78.5% and 56.5%, respectively. The mapping of the modeling results demonstrated that the use of neural networks makes it possible to preserve the original data structure and degree of data generalization. At the same time, the application of classical machine learning techniques results in "salt and pepper effect" and leads to the fragmentation of continuous areas but allows to identify smaller details. The models were successfully applied to map wetland types on land plots adjacent to the study area.
Improved Oxidation Resistance And Cr Retention Of Coated AISI441 For SOC Application
Authors: Couturier Karine , Giacometti Nathalie , Hanoux Pierre , David Thomas , Lai Thanh-Loan , Dejob Théo , Bestautte Jolan , Rouillard Fabien , Yahiaoui Sakina , Bouvier Mathilde 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Durability is still a critical point, which limits Solid Oxide Cell (SOC) technology industrialization. In order to maintain a good level of performance for the overall targeted lifetime of about 40 kh, the oxidation of the interconnects made of ferritic stainless steel and Cr volatilization from this material to the cell electrodes have to be restricted. CeCo-based coatings were applied by PVD HiPIMS on AISI441 alloy. Their ability to reduce the thickness of the poorly conductive formed oxide and improve Cr retention was studied at sample scale by measurements of weight gain and Cr content by ICP-OES after 5 000 h of exposure in ambient air at 700 and 800°C. In the testing conditions, post-test characterization by SEM/EDX showed that oxide scale thickness was reduced when coatings were applied compared to bare AISI441 steel. Moreover, the strong oxide scale spallation observed at 800°C with bare AISI441 steel was avoided. Cr volatilization was also strongly decreased. Post-test SEM/EDX and ToF-SIMS characterization of a short stack integrating coatings on the air side in some repeat units (RU) confirmed the limited Cr diffusion in the strontium doped lanthanum manganite (LSM) contact layer when the coating is present after 5 200 h of solid oxide electrolysis cell operation (SOEC).
Human behavior recognition algorithm research based on FC_C3D network
Authors: Chen Xiaoqing , Lei Liang , Liu Xuehan , Zhao Jin , Chen Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Focusing on the problems of large number of network parameters and high computational cost, which make the algorithm not easy to transplant and use when the C3D convolutional neural network model is used for human behavior recognition, this paper proposes an improved behavior recognition algorithm of FC_C3D convolutional neural network to reduce the model parameters and scale down the model volume. Firstly, the original C3D network structure is streamlined by reasonably reducing the number of convolutional layers and controlling the model complexity. Then, a batch normalization layer is added after each convolutional layer to alleviate the internal covariate bias problem. Finally, the operations of adaptive mean pooling layer and convolutional classification layer are used to replace the fully connected layer and Softmax classification layer to form a network structure in full convolutional form, which reduces the total number of parameters and improves the flexibility of the model to the changes in the input data size. Experiments show that the improved FC_C3D network model improves the accuracy by 39.6% and 36.7%, respectively, on the UCF101 and HMDB51 datasets, reduces the number of parameters by 85%, and improves the operating speed by 18.1% compared with the C3D network model.
Accuracy of the bone scan index automated measurement system enhanced by deep learning of the female skeletal structure in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Fukai Shohei , Daisaki Hiromitsu , Yamashita Kosuke , Kuromori Issei , Motegi Kazuki , Umeda Takuro , Shimada Naoki , Takatsu Kazuaki , Terauchi Takashi , Koizumi Mitsuru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: VSBONE® BSI (VSBONE, Nihon Medi-Physics, Tokyo, Japan), a bone scan index (BSI) automated measurement system was updated from version 2.1 (ver.2) to version 3.0 (ver.3). VSBONE ver.3 incorporates deep learning of the skeletal structures of 957 new women, and it can be applied in patients with breast cancer. However, the performance of the updated VSBONE remains unclear. This study aimed to validate the diagnostic accuracy of the VSBONE system in patients with breast cancer.
Methods: In total, 220 Japanese patients with breast cancer who underwent bone scintigraphy with single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were diagnosed with active bone metastases (n = 20) and non-bone metastases (n = 200) according to the physician's radiographic image interpretation. The patients were assessed using the VSBONE ver.2 and VSBONE ver.3, and the findings of the BSI automated measurement system were compared with those of the physicians. The occurrence of segmentation errors, the association of BSI and the two-dimensional total bone uptake (TBU) between VSBONE ver.2 and VSBONE ver.3, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the systems were evaluated. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (r) was used to assess correlations, and the Fisher’s exact test was utilized to evaluate the distribution of accurate interpretations.
Results: VSBONE ver.2 and VSBONE ver.3 had segmentation errors in four and two patients, respectively. Significant positive linear correlations were confirmed in both versions of the BSI (r = 0.92, P < 0.001) and TBU (r = 0.98, P < 0.001). Due to the version update, the number of patients with false-positive results decreased from 97 to 41, and the number of patients with accurate findings increased from 119 to 177. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were 80.0%, 51.5%, and 54.1% in VSBOBE ver.2 and 90.0%, 79.5%, and 80.5% in VSBONE ver.3, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy significantly differed between VSBONE ver.2 and VSBONE ver.3 (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of VSBONE improved with deep learning of the female skeletal structures. The updated VSBONE ver. 3 can be a reliable BSI and TBU automated measurement system for patients with breast cancer.
Sliding viscoelastic contacts: The role of adhesion, boundary conditions, and finite geometry
Authors: Afferrante Luciano , Violano Guido , Demelio Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the tangential sliding of a rigid Hertzian indenter on a viscoelastic substrate, a problem of practical interest due to the crucial role that sliding contacts play in various applications involving soft materials.

A finite element model is developed, where the substrate is modeled using a standard linear viscoelastic model with one relaxation time, and adhesion is incorporated using a Lennard-Jones potential law. We propose an innovative approach to model tangential sliding without imposing any lateral displacement, thereby enhancing the numerical efficiency. Our goal is to investigate the roles of adhesive regimes, boundary conditions (displacement and force-controlled conditions), and finite thickness of the substrate.

Results indicate significant differences in the system's behaviour depending on the boundary conditions and adhesion regime. In the short-range adhesion regime, the contact length $\mathcal{L}$ initially increases with sliding speed before decreasing, showing a maximum at intermediate speeds. This behaviour is consistent with experimental observations in rubber-like materials and is a result of the transition from small-scale to large-scale viscous dissipation regimes. For long-range adhesion, this behaviour disappears and $\mathcal{L}$ decreases monotonically with sliding speed.

The viscoelastic friction coefficient $\mu$ exhibits a bell-shaped curve with its maximum value influenced by the applied load, both in long-range and short-range adhesion. However, under displacement control, $\mu$ can be unbounded near a specific sliding speed, correlating with the normal force crossing zero.

Finally, a transition towards a long-range adhesive behaviour is observed when reducing the thickness $t$ of the viscoelastic layer, which is assumed to be bonded to a rigid foundation. Moreover, the friction coefficient reduces when $t$ tends to zero.

These findings provide insights into the viscoelastic and adhesive interactions during sliding, highlighting the critical influence of boundary conditions on contact mechanics.
Effect of JM-20 on Age-related cognitive impairment in mice
Authors: Wong-Guerra Maylin , Montano-Peguero Yanay , Ramírez-Sánchez Jeney , Alfonso Enrique García , Hernández-Enseñat Daniela , Isaac Yeniceis Alcántara , Padrón-Yaquis Alejandro Saúl , Rocha João Batista Teixeira da , Fonseca-Fonseca Luis Arturo , Núñez-Figueredo Yanier 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The decline in cognitive function associated with aging significantly impacts the well-being of elderly individuals and their families. This decline is a major recognized risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, notably Alzheimer's disease. Animal models of aging provide a platform for evaluating drugs concerning aspects like memory and oxidative stress. JM-20 has demonstrated protective effects on short-term memory acquisition and consolidation, along with antioxidant properties and modulation of Acetylcholinesterase activity. This study assesses the potential protective JM-20 against cognitive decline and age-related memory loss. For the study, aged mice exhibiting aging-associated damage were initially selected. Experimental groups were then formed, and the effect of 8 mg/kg of JM-20 was evaluated for 40 days on aging-related behavior, such as spatial memory, novelty recognition memory, ambulatory activity, and anxiety. Subsequently, animals were sacrificed, and the hippocampal region was extracted for redox studies and to assess acetylcholinesterase activity. Results indicated that JM-20 at 8 mg/kg reversed damage to spatial working and reference memory, exhibiting performance comparable to untreated young adult animals. Furthermore, JM-20 preserved the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total sulfhydryl levels in age-related cognitive impairment in mice, indicating a potent protective effect against oxidative events at the brain level. However, only young, healthy animals showed decreased acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity. These findings provide preclinical pharmacological evidence supporting the neuroprotective activity of JM-20, positioning it as a promising therapeutic candidate for treating memory disorders associated with aging.
New insights into the structure of cellulose in plant cell walls
Authors: Dupree Paul , Cresswell Rosalie , Deralia Parveen , Yoshimi Yoshihisa , Dupree Ray , Brown Steven 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The structure of native plant cellulose, despite its abundance and utility in industry, remains elusive. The cellulose structure of several species was studied using 2D solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of 13C labelled plants. Six major glucose environments were resolved which are common to the cellulose of poplar wood, spruce wood and grasses. The cellulose structure was maintained in isolated holo-cellulose nanofibrils, allowing more detailed characterisation. There are just two glucose environments within the fibril core which have the same NMR 13C chemical shifts as tunicate cellulose Iβ. The third major glucose site with a carbon 4 shift near 89 ppm, previously assigned to the fibril interior, is one of four surface glucose environments. These advances allowed us to obtain a more accurate measure of the interior to surface ratio for poplar wood fibrils of 0.5, consistent with an 18 chain microfibril structure having 6 core and 12 surface chains.
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Nurfeta Rediet A. , H.Ababiya Tsion , Woldeamanuele Nebiyou Y. , Ababiya Robel H. , L.Deregasso Bezaye , A.Tema Lijalem , hailu Selamawit S. , K.Shane Dereje , G.Teka Bemnet , Lechebo Tsion A. , Gidey Saron N. , Kebede Eleni A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, with treatment success rates consistently below the WHO target. Various factors contribute to poor treatment outcomes.
Objective
To assess treatment outcomes for TB and associated factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) from 2017 to 2021.
Methods
An institutional-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using TB logbook data. After bivariable analysis, clinically relevant variables and variables with a p-value < 0.2 were included in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05.
Results
The overall successful treatment outcome (cured or completed) was 197 (83.1%). Factors significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes included age group 35 to 44 years (AOR = 4.663; 95% CI: 1.215–17.901), extrapulmonary TB (AOR = 3.451; 95% CI: 1.172–10.16), and registration in 2019 (AOR = 4.367; 95% CI: 1.2-15.87).
Conclusion
The treatment success rate falls short of the national target of 85%, highlighting the need for targeted improvements in TB management. The associations with age and extrapulmonary TB emphasize the necessity for focused control measures. Strengthening targeted TB programs at ZMH is recommended.
Attribution analysis of runoff and sediment changes in the Yellow River Basin based on the Budyko framework
Authors: Wang Jiankun , Cui Chenfeng , Liu Mingtao , Huang Zhannan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Under the influence of climate and human factors, runoff and sediment in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) have undergone a significant decline in the past decades. Based on the meteorological and hydrological records of six hydrological stations in the mainstream from 1967 to 2015, the impacts of climate change and human activities on the changes of runoff and sediment in different river reaches of the YRB were quantitatively evaluated by applying the Budyko framework. The results indicated that (1) the precipitation and potential evaporation suggested a non-significant decreasing trend in the whole basin (P &gt; 0.05); (2) the contributions of climate change and human activities to the reduction of runoff in the basins of the six hydrological stations ranged from 7.6 to 19.7% and from 80.3 to 92.4%, respectively, with the largest contribution of human activities in the middle reaches; (3) the contributions of climate change and human activities to the reduction of sediment in the catchments ranged from −0.3 to 9.4% and from 90.6 to 100.3%, respectively, and the most artificial efforts have been made to reduce sediment in the middle reaches on account of mainly sediment source.
Revealing Trader's Sustainability in The Lok Baintan’s Floating Market
Authors: Sirajudin  , Triyuwono Iwan , Subekti Imam 
Published: August 2024

Purpose — This paper revealed the trader’s sustainability in Lok Baintan’s floating market using an interpretive paradigm and the religionist phenomenological approach.
Design/methodology/approach—A religionist phenomenology approach (which developed Husserl’s transcendental with a religionist paradigm) was used to conduct in-depth interviews and site observation. Some relevant literature was also used to sharpen the maps of findings.
Findings—The result states that Lok Baintan’s floating market is sustainable and supported by religious values. These values became a basic value for traders to survive in. Those traders believe that everything has its own fortune and has been arranged by God. This belief made them keep enlivening and trading along the river in Lok Baintan’s floating market.
Practical implications — The belief that God has arranged all beings' fortunes has led traders to give up on the conditions of nature’s environment where they lived. This made them survive and enliven the Lok Baintan’s Floating Market.
Originality/value — This paper argues that religious values and beliefs have influenced Banjarese (local people) to keep their simple lives lasting until now. This is the key to sustainability in the Lok Baintan Floating Market.
Creating Spiritual Value: The Islamic Way to Integrate Environmental and Social Responsibilities
Authors: Fidiana  , Handayani Nur , Retnani Endang Dwi 
Published: August 2024

Purpose — While previous social and environmental accountability (SEA) research has been focused on company scenarios, in non-profit organizations (NPO), SEA has received little attention. This study focuses on traditional Islamic organizations as NPOs that provide commodities and services with the goal of increasing social value for the community at large. Accordingly, the current study aimed to develop a theoretical framework by elaborating the value system of main Islamic teachings to highlight the spiritual value of social and environmental consciousness and action.
Design/methodology/approach — By employing the phenomenology approach through a way of interviews with several leaders as key persons in Al-Huda, this study found four major contributions were added to the existing literature.
Findings — First, the belief in tauhid (Islamic monotheism) is the most fundamental aspect of the emotional spirit of social and environmental behavior. Second, the analysis shows that social and environmental responsibility was attached to personal responsibility. Third, the social and environmental responsibilities were aimed mostly at protecting the Islamic faith (aqidah). Fourth, analysis shows that accountabilities were for management and public purposes (horizontally) and for worship aspects (vertically).
Practical implications — This case study emphasizes forms of social and environmental responsibility specific to Islamic entities, which may not be true in other entities.
Originality/value — It shifts extrinsic goals such as economic motivation, profit, and business reputation in social and environmental activities into intrinsic and inherent moral responsibility.
Keywords — Social and Environmental Sustainability; Tauhid; Worship; Holistic.
Paper type — Case study
The Influence of Managerial Strategy and Political Connections and Company Size on Company Value
Authors: Saraswati Wiwik , Sukoharsono Eko Ganis , Saraswati Erwin , Prastiwi Arum 
Published: August 2024

Purpose - This study aims to test the Influence of Managerial Strategy, Political Connections, and company size on Company Value using secondary data on banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2021.
Design/Methodology/approach—The sample selection method used purposive sampling with several criteria, resulting in 383 participants. In addition, this study used simple and multiple linear regression analysis techniques.
Finding—The results showed empirical evidence that a banking company's managerial strategy cannot increase its value. Political connections also negatively affect company values. Political connections tend to get convenience facilities from the government to reduce the company's value. The size of the company can increase its value.
Practical implications—This research can also provide input into making policies and regulations in Indonesia regarding managerial strategies, political connection practices, and company sizes related to company values.
Originality/value—This research has implications for theoretical enrichment. The agency is mainly concerned with the performance of companies with political connections. In addition, it enriches stakeholders' theories about managerial strategies for company value by increasing company investment.
Keywords — Managerial strategy, Political Connections, Company Size, Company Value
Paper Type: Quantitative Research
Link between Internal Control Mechanisms and Corporate Performance: A study for a New Perspective to Support Economic Growth
Authors: Alabdullah Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif 
Published: August 2024

Purpose — By examining the link between board diversity—defined by gender, the number of members in the board, and the number of independent managers—and its effect on company growth in developing nations, especially in the context of Oman, this study aims to reveal a previously unnoticed conjunction within the accounting, management, and economic fields.
Design/methodology/approach —
To accomplish this goal, data from 30 industrial and service companies in the non-financial sector listed on the Muscat Securities Market (MSM) for the year 2021 were evaluated using a multiple regression method.
Findings — The study's findings showed that the market share of non-financial enterprises in the Muscat market was negatively correlated with board size. On the other hand, market share was significantly and favorably impacted by independent boards, diverse boards, and large boards. Interestingly, the market share of non-financial enterprises was not significantly impacted by firm size, which was considered a control factor.
Practical implications – Scholars, legislators, and executives in the business sector involved in emerging markets should all take note of these findings since they have significant practical ramifications. In Oman and may be in similar situations, the research emphasizes the importance of board diversity in promoting business success, as indicated by market share for non-financial enterprises.
Originality/value—As the first study to examine the connection between board diversity and the expansion (measured by market share) of non-financial enterprises in the Middle East, with a particular emphasis on Oman, this research adds to the body of knowledge already in existence. The study provides insightful information about the global conversation about how a diverse board affects an organization's profitability and market share.