bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global view of the functional molecular organization of the avian cerebrum: mirror images and functional columns
Authors: Jarvis Erich D. , Yu Jing , Rivas Miriam V. , Horita Haruhito , Feenders Gesa , Whitney Osceola , Jarvis Syrus C. , Jarvis Electra R. , Kubikova Lubica , Puck Ana E.P. , Siang‐Bakshi Connie , Martin Suzanne , McElroy Michael , Hara Erina , Howard Jason , Pfenning Andreas , Mouritsen Henrik , Chen Chun‐Chun , Wada Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBased on quantitative cluster analyses of 52 constitutively expressed or behaviorally regulated genes in 23 brain regions, we present a global view of telencephalic organization of birds. The patterns of constitutively expressed genes revealed a partial mirror image organization of three major cell populations that wrap above, around, and below the ventricle and adjacent lamina through the mesopallium. The patterns of behaviorally regulated genes revealed functional columns of activation across boundaries of these cell populations, reminiscent of columns through layers of the mammalian cortex. The avian functionally regulated columns were of two types: those above the ventricle and associated mesopallial lamina, formed by our revised dorsal mesopallium, hyperpallium, and intercalated hyperpallium; and those below the ventricle, formed by our revised ventral mesopallium, nidopallium, and intercalated nidopallium. Based on these findings and known connectivity, we propose that the avian pallium has four major cell populations similar to those in mammalian cortex and some parts of the amygdala: 1) a primary sensory input population (intercalated pallium); 2) a secondary intrapallial population (nidopallium/hyperpallium); 3) a tertiary intrapallial population (mesopallium); and 4) a quaternary output population (the arcopallium). Each population contributes portions to columns that control different sensory or motor systems. We suggest that this organization of cell groups forms by expansion of contiguous developmental cell domains that wrap around the lateral ventricle and its extension through the middle of the mesopallium. We believe that the position of the lateral ventricle and its associated mesopallium lamina has resulted in a conceptual barrier to recognizing related cell groups across its border, thereby confounding our understanding of homologies with mammals. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3614–3665, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Time to Improve and Recover from Depressive Symptoms and Interpersonal Problems in a Clinical Trial
Authors: Lopes Rodrigo T. , Gonçalves Miguel M. , Fassnacht Daniel , Machado Paulo P. P. , Sousa Inês 
Published: October 2013

Results from an earlier clinical trial comparing narrative therapy with cognitive–behavioural therapy (Lopes et al., 2013) suggested that narrative therapy is efficacious for depression. However, there were significant differences in symptom reduction on the Beck Depression Inventory‐II, favouring cognitive–behavioural therapy, if dropouts were included in the analysis, suggesting that time to recovery or improvement would differ in both treatments. Contrarily, results showed that treatment assignment was not a predictor for differential effect. Using a survival analytic approach, it was found that four sessions were necessary for 50% improvement and 16 sessions for 50% recovery. Additionally, depressive symptoms changes occurred significantly faster than interpersonal changes, again regardless of treatment assignment. These results support previous findings of the dose–response literature and of the phase model of change, with the advantage of being specific to psychotherapy with depressive clients. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

For 50% of clients with major depressive disorder, it takes four sessions to improve and 16 sessions to recover, regardless of whether they were treated with narrative therapy or cognitive–behavioural therapy. For those clients who recover, they do so by session 11.
Clients change depressive symptoms more consistently and much faster than they change interpersonal problems. For clients who will not recover during brief interventions and especially for clients who present strong interpersonal problems at onset, long‐term treatment plans should be considered.
More emphasis should be laid on symptomatic relief in the early stages of treatment and on interpersonal issues at later stages.
Within‐person coupling of changes in cortisol, testosterone, and DHEA across the day in adolescents
Authors: Marceau Kristine , Ruttle Paula L. , Shirtcliff Elizabeth A. , Hastings Paul D. , Klimes‐Dougan Bonnie , Zahn‐Waxler Carolyn 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe comprehensively examined within‐person and between‐person associations between cortisol and DHEA and cortisol and testosterone across the day. Data are from a sample of 213 adolescents aged 11–16 (M = 13.7, SD = 1.5 years) from the Northeastern US who were oversampled for psychopathology symptoms. Six repeated measures of hormone levels across 3 days were used to test three specific questions of cortisol‐DHEA and cortisol‐testosterone associations within individuals (coupling) across the day, and one question of cortisol‐DHEA and cortisol‐testosterone diurnal slopes were associated between adolescents. Results consistently revealed positive cortisol‐DHEA and cortisol‐testosterone coupling across the day, often more pronounced in girls relative to boys. Cortisol and DHEA slopes were positively associated, whereas cortisol and testosterone were negatively associated between‐adolescents. Findings suggest multiple mechanisms and highlight the multifaceted nature of associations of hormone changes during adolescence and importance of considering both axes for between‐ and within‐person aspects of neuroendocrine development. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 654–669, 2015.
RUSH and CRUSH: A rapid and conditional RNA interference method in mice
Authors: Brown Juliana R. , Zetsche Bernd , Jackson‐Grusby Laurie 
Published: October 2013

SummaryRNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful approach to phenocopy mutations in many organisms. Gold standard conventional knock‐out mouse technology is labor‐ and time‐intensive; however, off‐target effects may confound transgenic RNAi approaches. Here, we describe a rapid method for conditional and reversible gene silencing in RNAi transgenic mouse models and embryonic stem (ES) cells. RUSH and CRUSH RNAi vectors were designed for reversible or conditional knockdown, respectively, demonstrated using targeted replacement in an engineered ROSA26lacZ ES cell line and wildtype V6.5 ES cells. RUSH was validated by reversible knockdown of Dnmt1 in vitro. Conditional mouse model production using CRUSH was expedited by deriving ES cell lines from Cre transgenic mouse strains (nestin, cTnnT, and Isl1) and generating all‐ES G0 transgenic founders by tetraploid complementation. A control CRUSHGFP RNAi mouse strain showed quantitative knockdown of GFP fluorescence as observed in compound CRUSHGFP, Ds‐Red Cre‐reporter transgenic mice, and confirmed by Western blotting. The capability to turn RUSH and CRUSH alleles off or on using Cre recombinase enables this method to rapidly address questions of tissue‐specificity and cell autonomy of gene function in development. genesis 52:39–48, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative study of children and adolescents referred for eating disorder treatment at a specialist tertiary setting
Authors: Walker Tara , Watson Hunna J. , Leach David J. , McCormack Julie , Tobias Karin , Hamilton Matthew J. , Forbes David A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine child and adolescent differences in the clinical presentation of eating disorders (EDs) at referral to a specialist pediatric program.MethodThis study compared cognitive, behavioral, and physical and medical features of children (≤12 years) and adolescents (13–18 years) with EDs presenting to a state‐wide specialist pediatric ED service over two decades (N = 656; 8–18 years; 94% female).ResultsSignificant differences were found between the groups. Children were more commonly male (p < .001), had lower eating pathology scores (p < .001), were less likely to binge eat (p = .02), purge (p < .001) or exercise for shape and weight control (p < .001), and lost weight at a faster rate than adolescents (p = .009), whereas adolescents were more likely to present with bulimia nervosa spectrum disorders (p = .004). Children and adolescents did not differ significantly on mean body mass index z‐score, percentage of body weight lost, or indicators of medical compromise (p > .05).DiscussionThe clinical presentation of EDs differs among children and adolescents, with eating pathology and behavioral symptoms less prominent among children. Frontline health professionals require knowledge of these differences to assist with early detection, diagnosis, and prognosis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:47–53)
The sorting test of the D‐KEFS in current and weight restored anorexia nervosa patients
Authors: Heled Eyal , Hoofien Dan , Bachner‐Melman Rachel , Bachar Eytan , Ebstein Richard P. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveEfforts have been made to characterize executive functions (EF) in anorexia nervosa (AN) both in the acute stage of the illness and after weight gain, yet many questions remain. The question of verbal versus visuo‐perceptual stimuli in this regard has not been adequately addressed. The aim of this study is to further examine EF in women with past and present AN and to compare their performances in verbal and visual modalities with women who have never suffered from an eating disorder.MethodThirty‐five underweight AN patients, 33 weight‐restored patients symptom‐free for at least 2 years, and 48 healthy female controls completed the Delis‐Kaplan Executive Function System Sorting Test, so as to evaluate their EF.ResultsNo differences were observed between the scores of women with current and past AN. Both groups scored lower than controls on most test variables. However, while in the visuo‐perceptual domain the performance of the AN groups was worse than that of controls, in the verbal domain they performed similarly to them.DiscussionWomen with a past or present diagnosis of AN show difficulties in visuo‐perceptual EF, whereas verbal EF seem to be preserved. There may be a dissociation between verbal and visuo‐perceptual EF that persists after weight restoration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:92–98)
Training cognitive flexibility in patients with anorexia nervosa: A pilot randomized controlled trial of cognitive remediation therapy
Authors: Brockmeyer Timo , Ingenerf Katrin , Walther Stephan , Wild Beate , Hartmann Mechthild , Herzog Wolfgang , Bents Hinrich , Friederich Hans‐Christoph 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveInefficient cognitive flexibility is considered a neurocognitive trait marker involved in the development and maintenance of anorexia nervosa (AN). Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) is a specific treatment targeting this cognitive style. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and efficacy (by estimating the effect size) of specifically tailored CRT for AN, compared to non‐specific cognitive training.MethodA prospective, randomized controlled, superiority pilot trial was conducted. Forty women with AN receiving treatment as usual (TAU) were randomized to receive either CRT or non‐specific neurocognitive therapy (NNT) as an add‐on. Both conditions comprised 30 sessions of computer‐assisted (21 sessions) and face‐to‐face (9 sessions) training over a 3‐week period. CRT focused specifically on cognitive flexibility. NNT was comprised of tasks designed to improve attention and memory. The primary outcome was performance on a neuropsychological post‐treatment assessment of cognitive set‐shifting.ResultsData available from 25 treatment completers were analyzed. Participants in the CRT condition outperformed participants in the NNT condition in cognitive set‐shifting at the end of the treatment (p = 0.027; between‐groups effect size d = 0.62). Participants in both conditions showed high treatment acceptance.DiscussionThis study confirms the feasibility of CRT for AN, and provides a first estimate of the effect size that can be achieved using CRT for AN. Furthermore, the present findings corroborate that neurocognitive training for AN should be tailored to the specific cognitive inefficiencies of this patient group. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:24–31)
Environmental factors influence both abundance and genetic diversity in a widespread bird species
Authors: Liu Yang , Webber Simone , Bowgen Katharine , Schmaltz Lucie , Bradley Katharine , Halvarsson Peter , Abdelgadir Mohanad , Griesser Michael 
Published: October 2013

AbstractGenetic diversity is one of the key evolutionary variables that correlate with population size, being of critical importance for population viability and the persistence of species. Genetic diversity can also have important ecological consequences within populations, and in turn, ecological factors may drive patterns of genetic diversity. However, the relationship between the genetic diversity of a population and how this interacts with ecological processes has so far only been investigated in a few studies. Here, we investigate the link between ecological factors, local population size, and allelic diversity, using a field study of a common bird species, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). We studied sparrows outside the breeding season in a confined small valley dominated by dispersed farms and small‐scale agriculture in southern France. Population surveys at 36 locations revealed that sparrows were more abundant in locations with high food availability. We then captured and genotyped 891 house sparrows at 10 microsatellite loci from a subset of these locations (N = 12). Population genetic analyses revealed weak genetic structure, where each locality represented a distinct substructure within the study area. We found that food availability was the main factor among others tested to influence the genetic structure between locations. These results suggest that ecological factors can have strong impacts on both population size per se and intrapopulation genetic variation even at a small scale. On a more general level, our data indicate that a patchy environment and low dispersal rate can result in fine‐scale patterns of genetic diversity. Given the importance of genetic diversity for population viability, combining ecological and genetic data can help to identify factors limiting population size and determine the conservation potential of populations.
Nondestructive Determination of Climate‐Specific Degradation Patterns for Photovoltaic‐Module Encapsulation
Authors: Peike Cornelia , Hoffmann S. , Heck M. , Kaltenbach T. , Weiß K.‐A. , Köhl M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDuring the service life of a PV module, various different degradation mechanisms can be induced. Polymer degradation depends strongly on the external conditions, which are determined by the climate and the specific conditions of the module. Nondestructive measurements of the degradation behavior of the PV‐module encapsulation material ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) were performed. We present results of Raman spectroscopic measurements on full‐sized PV modules from several different PV module manufacturers, which were exposed outdoors in different climates for up to three years. This way, the different degradation mechanisms that are induced under the influence of different climatic conditions during outdoor exposure could be investigated. It was found that the degradation pattern, detected by Raman spectroscopy, was rather similar for the investigated climates, but the extent of polymer degradation was found to be higher for tropic and arid climates than for moderate or mountain climates.
DNA‐PKcs Associates With PLK1 and Is Involved in Proper Chromosome Segregation and Cytokinesis
Authors: Huang Bo , Shang Zeng‐Fu , Li Bing , Wang Yu , Liu Xiao‐Dan , Zhang Shi‐Meng , Guan Hua , Rang Wei‐Qing , Hu Jian‐An , Zhou Ping‐Kun 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTAccurate mitotic regulation is as important as intrinsic DNA repair for maintaining genomic stability. It is believed that these two cellular mechanisms are interconnected with DNA damage. DNA‐PKcs is a critical component of the non‐homologous end‐joining pathway of DNA double‐stranded break repair, and it was recently discovered to be involved in mitotic processing. However, the underlying mechanism of DNA‐PKcs action in mitotic control is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that depletion of DNA‐PKcs led to the dysregulation of mitotic progression in response to DNA damage, which eventually resulted in multiple failures, including failure to segregate sister chromatids and failure to complete cytokinesis, with daughter cells becoming fused again. The depletion of DNA‐PKcs resulted in a notable failure of cytokinesis, with a high incidence of multinucleated cells. There were also cytoplasmic bridges containing DNA that continuously connected the daughter cells after DNA damage was induced. Phosphorylated DNA‐PKcs (T2609) colocalizes with PLK1 throughout mitosis, including at the centrosomes from prophase to anaphase and at the kinetochores from prometaphase to metaphase, with accumulation at the midbody during cytokinesis. Importantly, DNA‐PKcs was found to associate with PLK1 in the mitotic phase, and the depletion of DNA‐PKcs resulted in the overexpression of PLK1 due to increased protein stability. However, deficiency in DNA‐PKcs attenuated the recruitment of phosphorylated PLK1 to the midbody but not to the kinetochores and centrosomes. Our results demonstrate the functional association of DNA‐PKcs with PLK1, especially in chromosomal segregation and cytokinesis control. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1077–1088, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of yellow bacterial laccase SmLac/role of redox mediators in azo dye decolorization
Authors: Galai Said , Korri‐Youssoufi Hafsa , Marzouki M. Nejib 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe bacterial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia AAP56 laccase (SmLac) has been purified from cell extracts and its spectral and kinetic properties studied. It shows a high decolorization rate (99%) of the diazoic dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5) in the presence of redox mediators such as ABTS (2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid), ASGN (Acetosyringone), SGA (Syringaldehyde) and HOBT (1‐Hydroxy‐Benzotriazole). The optimal pH has been determined as neutral or basic compatible with textile wastewater pH for further treatment application.RESULTSThis paper reports the characterization of the catalytic center of purified SmLac as not a classic blue laccase but a yellow one. Its redox potential has been determined at 638 mV, which indicates that the enzyme is a versatile laccase able to oxidase a wide range of substrates. Performance of the enzyme as catalyst for RB5 decolorization in association with a redox mediator has been demonstrated to be a promising bioremediation process since it presents high degradation ability (almost 99% in 1 h reaction time). The study also demonstrated, by electrochemical studies of redox potential of both mediators/protein and following the driving electron force, the importance of the choice of redox mediator and the limiting step in the laccase mediated reaction in azo dye decolorization.CONCLUSIONIt was demonstrated that the bacterial laccase SmLac has great potential for biotechnological applications (such as azo dye decolorization) compared with Trametes versicolor laccase. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparative efficacy, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic activity, and interferon stimulated gene expression of different interferon formulations in HIV/HCV genotype‐1 infected patients
Authors: Osinusi Anu , Bon Dimitra , Nelson Amy , Lee Yu‐Jin , Poonia Seerat , Shivakumar Bhavana , Cai Shu Yi , Wood Brad , Haagmans Bart , Lempicki Richard , Herrmann Eva , Sneller Michael , Polis Michael , Masur Henry , Kottilil Shyam 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe effect of different formulations of interferon on therapeutic response in patients coinfected with HIV and HCV is unclear. In this study, the safety, tolerability, viral kinetics (VK) modeling and host responses among HIV/HCV coinfected patients treated with pegylated‐IFN or albinterferon alfa‐2b (AlbIFN) with weight‐based ribavirin were compared. Three trials treated 57 HIV/HCV coinfected genotype‐1 patients with PegIFN alfa‐2b (1.5 µg/kg/week) (n = 30), PegIFN alfa‐2a (180 µg/week) (n = 10), and AlbIFN (900 µg/q2week) (n = 17) in combination with weight‐based ribavirin (RBV). HCV RNA, safety labs, and interferon stimulated gene expression (ISG) was evaluated. Adverse events were documented at all study visits. HCV viral kinetics using a full pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model was also evaluated. Baseline patient characteristics were similar across the three studies. All three formulations exhibited comparable safety and tolerability profiles and efficacy. VK/PK/PD parameters for all three studies as measured by mean efficiency and rate of infected cell loss were similar between the three groups. Host responses (ISG expression and immune activation markers) were similar among the three groups. All three regimens induced significant ISG at week 4 (P < 0.05) and ISG expression strongly correlated with therapeutic response (r = 0.65; P < 0.01). In summary, a comprehensive analysis of responses to three different interferon formulations in HIV/HCV coinfected patients demonstrated similar effects. Notably, interferon‐based therapy results in a blunted host response followed by modest antiviral effect in HIV/HCV coinfected patients. This suggests that future treatment options that do not rely on host immune responses such as direct antiviral agents would be particularly beneficial in these difficult to treat patients. J. Med. Virol. 86:177–185, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Immunity and the burden of herpes zoster
Authors: Choi Won Suk , Kwon Soon Sun , Lee Jacob , Choi Su‐Mi , Lee Jin Soo , Eom Joong Sik , Sohn Jang Wook , Choeng Hee Jin 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe burden of herpes zoster may be related to patients' immunity, although this has not been studied extensively. This hypothesis was tested in a matched case‐control study of patients with herpes zoster who sought treatment at one of seven university hospitals in Korea from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2010. Patients diagnosed with herpes zoster were placed into three groups based on their immune status: severely immunocompromised, mild‐to‐moderately immunocompromised, and normal immunity. Each patient in the severely immunocompromised group was matched with one patient in the mild‐to‐moderately immunocompromised group and one patient in the normal immunity group in the same hospital based on age, sex, and date of herpes zoster onset. A total of 582 patients with herpes zoster were included in the analysis: 194 in each of the three groups. Patients in the severely immunocompromised group had the highest herpes zoster‐related hospitalization rate as compared to patients in the mild‐to‐moderately immunocompromised and normal immune groups (P < 0.01). The length of hospital stay and herpes zoster‐related medical cost increased significantly with the deterioration of patients' immunity (P < 0.01, respectively). Cutaneous complications occurred more frequently in the severely immunocompromised group than in the other two groups (P < 0.01). An increase in herpes zoster burden was observed as the patients' immunity decreased. Therefore, effective measures are necessary to prevent herpes zoster and reduce its burden in severely immunocompromised patients. J. Med. Virol. 86:525–530, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.