bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Provides Effective Cardiac Risk Reclassification in Patients With Known or Suspected Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Shah Ravi , Heydari Bobak , Coelho-Filho Otavio , Murthy Venkatesh L. , Abbasi Siddique , Feng Jiazhuo H. , Pencina Michael , Neilan Tomas G. , Meadows Judith L. , Francis Sanjeev , Blankstein Ron , Steigner Michael , di Carli Marcelo , Jerosch-Herold Michael , Kwong Raymond Y. 
Published: June 2013

Background—
A recent large-scale clinical trial found that an initial invasive strategy does not improve cardiac outcomes beyond optimized medical therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Novel methods to stratify at-risk patients may refine therapeutic decisions to improve outcomes.

Methods and Results—

In a cohort of 815 consecutive patients referred for evaluation of myocardial ischemia, we determined the net reclassification improvement of the risk of cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction (major adverse cardiac events) incremental to clinical risk models, using guideline-based low (<1%), moderate (1% to 3%), and high (>3%) annual risk categories. In the whole cohort, inducible ischemia demonstrated a strong association with major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio=14.66;
P
<0.0001) with low negative event rates of major adverse cardiac events and cardiac death (0.6% and 0.4%, respectively). This prognostic robustness was maintained in patients with previous coronary artery disease (hazard ratio=8.17;
P
<0.0001; 1.3% and 0.6%, respectively). Adding inducible ischemia to the multivariable clinical risk model (adjusted for age and previous coronary artery disease) improved discrimination of major adverse cardiac events (C statistic, 0.81–0.86;
P
=0.04; adjusted hazard ratio=7.37;
P
<0.0001) and reclassified 91.5% of patients at moderate pretest risk (65.7% to low risk; 25.8% to high risk) with corresponding changes in the observed event rates (0.3%/y and 4.9%/y for low and high risk posttest, respectively). Categorical net reclassification index was 0.229 (95% confidence interval, 0.063–0.391). Continuous net reclassification improvement was 1.11 (95% confidence interval, 0.81–1.39).

Conclusions—
Stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging effectively reclassifies patient risk beyond standard clinical variables, specifically in patients at moderate to high pretest clinical risk and in patients with previous coronary artery disease.

Clinical Trial Registration:—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01821924.
Nonstationary Australasian Teleconnections and Implications for Paleoclimate Reconstructions
Authors: Gallant Ailie J. E. , Phipps Steven J. , Karoly David J. , Mullan A. Brett , Lorrey Andrew M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe stationarity of relationships between local and remote climates is a necessary, yet implicit, assumption underlying many paleoclimate reconstructions. However, the assumption is tenuous for many seasonal relationships between interannual variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the southern annular mode (SAM) and Australasian precipitation and mean temperatures. Nonstationary statistical relationships between local and remote climates on the 31–71-yr time scale, defined as a change in their strength and/or phase outside that expected from local climate noise, are detected on near-centennial time scales from instrumental data, climate model simulations, and paleoclimate proxies.The relationships between ENSO and SAM and Australasian precipitation were nonstationary at 21%–37% of Australasian stations from 1900 to 2009 and strongly covaried, suggesting common modulation. Control simulations from three coupled climate models produce ENSO-like and SAM-like patterns of variability, but differ in detail to the observed patterns in Australasia. However, the model teleconnections also display nonstationarity, in some cases for over 50% of the domain. Therefore, nonstationary local–remote climatic relationships are inherent in environments regulated by internal variability. The assessments using paleoclimate reconstructions are not robust because of extraneous noise associated with the paleoclimate proxies.Instrumental records provide the only means of calibrating and evaluating regional paleoclimate reconstructions. However, the length of Australasian instrumental observations may be too short to capture the near-centennial-scale variations in local–remote climatic relationships, potentially compromising these reconstructions. The uncertainty surrounding nonstationary teleconnections must be acknowledged and quantified. This should include interpreting nonstationarities in paleoclimate reconstructions using physically based frameworks.
Patrimonial Violence
Authors: Deere Carmen Diana , Contreras Jacqueline , Twyman Jennifer 
Published: June 2013

Patrimonial violence, defined minimally as the violation of women’s property rights, is increasingly recognized as a form of gender violence, along with physical, psychological, and sexual violence. Research in Ecuador on the extent to which women are aware of their property rights and the situations in which patrimonial violence is most likely to occur shows that, while most women seem to be aware of certain fundamentals, there are many misconceptions, particularly regarding the status of individual property. Women’s lack of legal knowledge often undermines their ability to obtain their rightful share of the division of property upon separation, divorce, or widowhood. Moreover, patrimonial violence is often aggravated by the presence of other forms of violence against women. La violencia patrimonial, definida mínimamente como la violación de los derechos de propiedad de las mujeres, se reconoce cada vez más como una forma de violencia de género, a la par que la violencia física, psicológica y sexual. Investigaciones sobre el grado en que las mujeres son conscientes de sus derechos de propiedad y las situaciones en las que es más probable que se produzca violencia patrimonial en Ecuador muestran que, mientras que la mayoría de las mujeres parece estar conscientes de ciertos fundamentos, manejan muchas ideas equivocadas, particularmente con respecto al estado de la propiedad individual. Su falta de conocimiento legal a menudo socava su capacidad de obtener una parte justa de la división de bienes ocurrida a raíz de una separación, divorcio o viudez. Lo que es más, la violencia patrimonial a menudo se ve agravada por la presencia de otras formas de violencia contra la mujer.
Indigenous Women and Violence in Colombia
Authors: Tovar-Restrepo Marcela , Irazábal Clara 
Published: June 2013

The violence and de/reterritorializing strategies used by armed groups in Colombia disproportionally affect indigenous peoples, especially indigenous women, whose ethno-gender roles, forms of territoriality, agency, and autonomy are being altered. Conflict and new forms of territoriality restrict the satisfaction of ethno-gender-based material needs and interests, with negative impacts on women’s own and their families’ lives. At the same time, they offer some women new roles, agency, and autonomy and empowerment through individual and collective action. Policy makers should strive to open up these windows of opportunity for indigenous women while protecting them from the depredations of war. La violencia y las estrategias de des/reterritorialización utilizadas por grupos armados en Colombia afectan desproporcionadamente a los indígenas, especialmente a las mujeres indígenas, cuyos roles etno-géneros, formas de territorialidad, agencia, y autonomía están siendo alterados. El conflicto y las nuevas formas de territorialidad restringen la satisfacción de necesidades materiales e intereses de tipo etno-género con impactos negativos en las vidas propias de las mujeres y de las de sus familias. Al mismo tiempo, presentan nuevos roles, agencia, autonomía, y empoderamiento a algunas mujeres a través de la acción individual y colectiva. Los formuladores de políticas deberían esforzarse para abrir estos espacios de oportunidad para mujeres indígenas al mismo tiempo que las protejan de las depredaciones de guerra.
Associations between inflammation, nocturnal back pain and fatigue in ankylosing spondylitis and improvements with etanercept therapy
Authors: Hammoudeh Mohammed , Zack Debra J , Li Wenzhi , Stewart V Michelle , Koenig Andrew S 
Published: June 2013

Objectives To investigate the relationships between inflammation, nocturnal back pain and fatigue in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the impact of 12 weeks' etanercept treatment versus sulfasalazine or placebo. Methods Data were combined from four clinical trials for patients with AS who received at least one dose of etanercept, sulfasalazine or placebo and had at least one postbaseline assessment value. Linear regression was performed (controlling for site, protocol and demographics), to explore the relationship between inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]), nocturnal back pain (visual analog scale [VAS] 0–100 mm) and fatigue (VAS 0–100 mm Bath AS Disease Activity Index fatigue item). Results Out of 1283 patients (etanercept, n = 867; sulfasalazine, n = 187; placebo, n = 229), improvement in nocturnal back pain was a significant predictor of improvement in fatigue. Significant correlations were found between nocturnal back pain and fatigue, but not CRP levels. Etanercept provided significantly greater pain/fatigue improvement than sulfasalazine or placebo. Improvements in nocturnal back pain and fatigue had weak relationships with improvement in inflammation (CRP level). Conclusions AS patients treated with etanercept demonstrated superior improvement in nocturnal back pain and fatigue versus sulfasalazine or placebo. Decrease in nocturnal back pain can improve fatigue. Assessing treatment response using CRP levels alone may be misleading without also examining patient-reported outcomes such as back pain and fatigue.
Two nonsynonymous polymorphisms (F31I and V57I) of the STK15 gene and breast cancer risk: A meta-analysis based on 5966 cases and 7609 controls
Authors: Qin Kai , Wu Cheng , Wu Xiaoting 
Published: June 2013

Objectives This meta-analysis examined the relationship between two nonsynonymous polymorphisms (F31I and V57I) of the aurora kinase A ( STK15) gene and breast cancer risk. Methods A systematic search of the PubMed® and EMBASE™ databases was undertaken to identify case–control studies that investigated the relationship between STK15 gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. Results This meta-analysis included seven case–control studies (5966 breast cancer cases; 7609 controls). Combined results, based on all seven studies, showed that breast cancer cases had a significantly higher frequency of the 31 Ile/Ile genotype. In a subgroup analysis by race, breast cancer cases had a significantly higher frequency of the 31 Ile/Ile genotype in Asians and Caucasians. Combined results, based on four studies, suggested that the STK15 V57I gene polymorphism was unlikely to be associated with breast cancer risk in either Asians or Caucasians. Conclusions The present meta-analysis suggests that the STK15 F31I polymorphism is a strong predisposing risk factor for breast cancer, but no significant association existed between the STK15 V57I polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer.
Musculoskeletal physical outcome measures in individuals with tension-type headache: A scoping review
Authors: Abboud Jacques , Marchand Andrée-Anne , Sorra Karin , Descarreaux Martin 
Published: June 2013

Introduction Individuals with tension-type headache (TTH), in addition to headache pain, typically suffer from pericranial muscle tenderness and increased cervical muscle tone. Physical and physiological outcomes related to musculoskeletal function, however, are not commonly assessed in clinical studies and not systematically proposed as outcome measures in headache-related practice guidelines. Objectives To review which musculoskeletal outcomes are used in the clinical assessment of patients with TTH and which are associated with headache pain and related dysfunction. Methods: Literature searches were performed in MEDLINE, PubMed, the Cochrane databases and EMBASE using terms relating to musculoskeletal physical outcomes in TTH. Results Twenty-six studies met selection criteria. Physiological outcomes typically reported in laboratory studies were trigger points, pressure pain threshold, range of motion and tenderness. A greater number of trigger points and lower pressure pain threshold were reported in patients with episodic TTH in comparison with healthy subjects. Individuals with chronic TTH, when compared with non-headache controls, consistently showed a greater number of trigger points, a lower value of pressure pain threshold and a more severe forward head posture. Conclusion Musculoskeletal outcomes, such as trigger points, pressure pain threshold and forward head posture should inform TTH pathophysiology, diagnosis and interdisciplinary patient care.
The Australian contribution to the literature on atypical antipsychotic drugs: a bibliometric study
Authors: López-Muñoz Francisco , Castle David , Shen Winston , Moreno Raquel , Huelves Lorena , Pérez-Nieto Miguel , Noriega Concha , Rubio Gabriel , Molina Juan , Álamo Cecilio 
Published: June 2013

Objective: We performed a bibliometric study on scientific publications on atypical antipsychotic drugs (AADs) from Australia. Methods: Using the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases, we chose those documents produced in Australia between 1993 and 2011, whose title included the descriptors atypic* (atypical*), antipsychotic*, second-generation antipsychotic*, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, ziprasidone, quetiapine, sertindole, aripiprazole, paliperidone, amisulpride, zotepine, asenapine, iloperidone, lurasidone, perospirone and blonanserin. We applied bibliometric indicators of production as well as dispersion. Results: We identified 438 relevant publications. The most widely studied AADs were clozapine (162 documents), olanzapine (103), risperidone (77) and quetiapine (42). There was a lack of exponential growth in publications over time, indicated by non-fulfilment of Price’s Law (correlation coefficient r=0.9195 after exponential adjustment vs. r=0.9253 after linear adjustment). Publications appeared in 148 different journals, with four of the top nine journals having an impact factor greater than 3; 84 of the articles appeared in the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. Conclusion: Despite Australian publications on AADs appearing in reasonably high impact journals, most were confined to a single Australian psychiatry journal and overall publications did not show exponential growth over the period studied. This might reflect, inter alia, the relative paucity of medication trials being performed in Australia.
Treatment of Western Australia’s mentally ill during the early colonial period, 1826–1865
Authors: Maude Phil 
Published: June 2013

Objective: This paper describes the early settlement of Western Australia and colonial strategies implemented to manage the mentally ill. Conclusions: Western Australian Colonial treatment of the mentally ill began in 1829 with the first mentally ill patient, Dr Nicholas Were Langley. Building commenced to house the mentally ill with the use of a prison, ‘The Round House’, and later the temporary shelter ‘Scott’s Warehouse’. Both convicts and the mentally ill were initially housed together, but evidence exists of attempts to provide therapeutic diversions at Scott’s Warehouse.
A Randomized Effectiveness Trial of Brief Parent Training
Authors: Kjøbli John , Bjørnebekk Gunnar 
Published: June 2013

Objective: To examine the follow-up effectiveness of brief parent training (BPT) for children with emerging or existing conduct problems. Method: With the use of a randomized controlled trial and parent and teacher reports, this study examined the effectiveness of BPT compared to regular services 6 months after the end of the intervention. Participants included 216 children (3–12 years) and parents randomly assigned to BPT or a comparison group. Results: BPT had beneficial effects on caregiver assessments of parenting practices (i.e., positive parenting and harsh discipline) and child conduct problems in the families 6 months after the intervention. The effects of BPT in schools and day care centers were limited. Compared to posttest the effects sizes were smaller and number of significant effects lower. Conclusion: Although effects decreased over time, this study demonstrate that a short-term manual-based intervention (3–5 sessions) could be effective in reducing conduct problems 6 month after the intervention.
Do drug interaction alerts between a chemotherapy order-entry system and an electronic medical record affect clinician behavior?
Authors: Weingart Saul N , Zhu Junya , Young-Hong Joanne , Vermilya Holly Barr , Hassett Michael 
Published: June 2013

Introduction We developed an enhancement to a chemotherapy order-entry system that alerted prescribers to potential drug interactions between patients’ usual outpatient medications and those prescribed for onsite cancer treatment. This report summarizes the interactions and analyzes the impact of alerts on clinician behavior. Methods We studied electronic orders created from November 2010 to December 2011 by oncology clinicians at two comprehensive cancer centers who shared a chemotherapy order-entry system and an ambulatory electronic medical record. The enhancement generated an alert if a new chemotherapy system order for an antineoplastic agent or supportive care medication interacted with an existing medication in the ambulatory record, and tracked prescribers’ responses. Results New chemotherapy system orders triggered 29,592 drug interaction alerts. New orders for antineoplastic agents accounted for 495 (32.6%) of 1518 high- and medium-severity alerts. Interactions with antibiotics accounted for the majority of these alerts. New chemotherapy system orders for antiemetics triggered 352 (23.2%) alerts and more than two-thirds were attributed to interactions with analgesic opioids. High- and medium-severity alerts changed prescriber behavior in 224 (14.8%) occurrences, including potentially fatal interactions between meperidine and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Clinicians who overrode alerts indicated that they would monitor the patient (54.6%), the patient already tolerated the combination (24.5%), and they would adjust the dose (15.1%). Conclusion Cancer patients are at risk of serious interactions between medications ordered for cancer care and those provided for general medical care. Organizations and order-entry applications should develop countermeasures to identify and prevent potentially serious drug interactions.
Tritrichomoniasis in Cats
Authors: Gruffydd-Jones Tim , Addie Diane , Belák Sándor , Boucraut-Baralon Corine , Egberink Herman , Frymus Tadeusz , Hartmann Katrin , Hosie Margaret J , Lloret Albert , Lutz Hans , Marsilio Fulvio , Möstl Karin , Pennisi Maria Grazia , Radford Alan D , Thiry Etienne , Truyen Uwe , Horzinek Marian C 
Published: June 2013

Overview: Tritrichomonas foetus is a protozoan organism that is specific to cats and can cause large bowel diarrhoea. It is distinct from other Tritrichomonas species and not considered to be zoonotic. Infection is most common in young cats from multicat households, particularly pedigree breeding catteries. Disease signs: Affected cats show frequent fetid diarrhoea, often with mucus, fresh blood and straining, but generally remain bright and do not lose weight. Diagnosis: Diagnosis of infection is usually based on direct microscopic examination of freshly voided faeces. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing is more sensitive but may detect infections unrelated to diarrhoea and, therefore, requires care in interpretation. Treatment: The treatment of choice is ronidazole, which should be used with care as it is an unlicensed drug for cats with a narrow safety margin. Clinical signs are generally self-limiting in untreated cases, but may take months to resolve.
Constitutional CHEK2mutations are infrequent in early-onset and familial breast/ovarian cancer patients from Pakistan
Authors: Rashid Muhammad U , Muhammad Noor , Faisal Saima , Amin Asim , Hamann Ute 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundLess than 20% of Pakistani women with early-onset or familial breast/ovarian cancer harbor germ line mutations in the high-penetrance genesBRCA1,BRCA2andTP53. Thus, mutations in other genes confer genetic susceptibility to breast cancer, of whichCHEK2is a plausible candidate.CHEK2encodes a checkpoint kinase, involved in response to DNA damage.MethodsIn the present study we assessed the prevalence ofCHEK2germ line mutations in 145BRCA1/2-negative early-onset and familial breast/ovarian cancer patients from Pakistan (Group 1). Mutation analysis of the completeCHEK2coding region was performed using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, followed by DNA sequencing of variant fragments.ResultsTwo potentially deleterious missense mutations, c.275C>G (p.P92R) and c.1216C>T, (p.R406C), were identified (1.4%). The c.275C>G mutation is novel and has not been described in other populations. It was detected in a 30-year-old breast cancer patient with a family history of breast and multiple other cancers. The c.1216C>T mutation was found in a 34-year-old ovarian cancer patient from a family with two breast cancer cases. Both mutations were not detected in 229 recently recruitedBRCA1/2-negative high risk patients (Group 2).ConclusionOur findings suggest thatCHEK2mutations may not contribute significantly to breast/ovarian cancer risk in Pakistani women.
Developing a complex intervention for the outpatient management of incidentally diagnosed pulmonary embolism in cancer patients
Authors: Palmer June , Bozas George , Stephens Andrew , Johnson Miriam , Avery Ged , O’Toole Lorcan , Maraveyas Anthony 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Most patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) spend 5–7 days in hospital even though only 4.5% will develop serious complications during this time. In particular, the group of patients with incidentally diagnosed PE (i-PE) includes many patients with low risk features potentially ideal for outpatient management; however the evidence for their optimal management is lacking hence relative practices may vary considerably. We describe the development process, components, links and function of a nurse-led service for the management of patients with i-PE, developed in accordance to the UK Medical Research Council complex intervention guidance.

Methods

Phase 0 (Theoretical underpinning): The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) was selected for patient risk assessment and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guideline for the management of PE in cancer patients (2007) was selected as quality measure. Historical registry and audit data from our centre regarding i-PE incidence and management for the period between 2006 and 2009 illustrating the then current practices were reviewed. Phase 1 (Modelling): Modelling of the pathway included the following: a) Identification of training needs, planning and implementation of training schemes and development of transferable competencies and training materials. b) Mapping patient pathways and flow and c) Production of key documentation and Standard Operating Procedures for the delivery of the service.

Results

Phase 2 (Implementation and testing of the intervention): During the initial 12 months of implementation, remedial action was taken to address identified deficiencies regarding patient referral to the pathway, compliance with treatment protocol, patient follow up, selection challenges from the use of PESI in cancer patients and challenges regarding the “first-pass” identification of i-PE.

Conclusion
We have developed and piloted a complex intervention to manage cancer patients with incidental PE in an outpatient setting. Adherence to evidence- based care, improvement of communication between professionals and patients, and improved quality of data is demonstrated.