bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMAS-Fish: Integrated MAnagement System to support the sustainability of Greek Fisheries resources. A multidisciplinary web-based database management system: implementation, capabilities, utilization and future prospects for fisheries stakeholde
Authors: KAVADAS S. , DAMALAS D. , GEORGAKARAKOS S. , MARAVELIAS C. , TSERPES G. , PAPACONSTANTINOU C. , BAZIGOS G. 
Published: May 2013

This article describes in detail the “IMAS-Fish” web-based tool implementation technicalities and provides examples on how can it be used for scientific and management purposes setting new standards in fishery science. “IMAS-Fish” was developed to support the assessment of marine biological resources by: (i) homogenizing all the available datasets under a relational database, (ii) facilitating quality control and data entry, (iii) offering easy access to raw data, (iv) providing processed results through a series of classical and advanced fishery statistics algorithms, and (v) visualizing the results on maps using GIS technology. Available datasets cover among others: Fishery independent experimental surveys data (locations, species, catch compositions, biological data); Commercial fishing activities (fishing gear, locations, catch compositions, discards); Market sampling data (species, biometry, maturity, ageing); Satellite derived ocean data (Sea surface temperature, Salinity, Wind speed, Chlorophyll-a concentrations, Photosynthetically active radiation); Oceanographic parameters (CTD measurements); Official national fishery statistics; Fishing fleet registry and VMS data; Fishing ports inventory; Fishing legislation archive (national and EU); Bathymetry grids. Currently, the homogenized database holds a total of more than 100,000,000 records. The web-based application is accessible through an internet browser and can serve as a valuable tool for all involved stakeholders: fisheries scientists, state officials responsible for management, fishermen cooperatives, academics, students and NGOs.
Electrochemistry at the Edge of Reason: Chalcogen-Based Redox Systems in Biochemistry and Drug Design
Authors: Viswanathan Uma M. , Burkholz Torsten , Jacob Claus 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn Biology, numerous cellular signalling and control networks are centred around redox active chalcogen species, such as the thiol group of cysteine, the sulfide of methionine and the selenol(ate) of the unusual amino acid selenocysteine. These amino acids form part of peptides, proteins and enzymes, which they endow with a distinct (i.e.chalcogen) redox activity. Compared to the biological redox chemistry of metal ions (e.g.iron, copper, manganese), the redox behaviour of such chalcogen-based systems is considerably more diverse, complex and difficult to study. Not surprisingly, there have been few interactions between electrochemists and biological chalcogen redox chemists in the past. Nonetheless, electrochemistry provides several interesting leads: Impedance measurements enable cell biologists to ‘watch cells grow’ in real time and in a continuous manner, which forms the basis for innovative drug profiling. Voltammetry can be used to monitor the formation of (oxygen and nitrogen based) reactive species at the level of individual macrophages without the need of elaborate staining techniques. At the same time, Cyclic Voltammetry provides access to the redox properties of various cysteine proteins and enzymes, and hence may assist in unravelling some of the remaining mysteries of the cellular thiolstat. And finally, electrochemical methods are extraordinarily powerful and useful in the characterization and ultimately also the design of redox-modulating natural products and drugs, including potential antioxidants and anticancer agents.
A Dynamic Database of Microarray-Characterized Cell Lines with Various Cytogenetic and Genomic Backgrounds
Authors: Tang Zhenya , Berlin Dorit S , Toji Lorraine , Toruner Gokce A , Beiswanger Christine , Kulkarni Shashikant , Martin Christa L , Emanuel Beverly S , Christman Michael , Gerry Norman P 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The Human Genetic Cell Repository sponsored by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) contains more than 11,000 cell lines and DNA samples collected from numerous individuals. All of these cell lines and DNA samples are categorized into several collections representing a variety of disease states, chromosomal abnormalities, heritable diseases, distinct human populations, and apparently healthy individuals. Many of these cell lines have previously been studied with detailed conventional cytogenetic analyses, including G-banded karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization. This work was conducted by investigators at submitting institutions and scientists at Coriell Institute for Medical Research, where the NIGMS Repository is hosted. Recently, approximately 900 cell lines, mostly chosen from the Chromosomal Aberrations and Heritable Diseases collections, have been further characterized in detail at the Coriell Institute using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0 to detect copy number variations and copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity. A database containing detailed cytogenetic and genomic information for these cell lines has been constructed and is freely available through several sources, such as the NIGMS Repository website and the University of California at Santa Cruz Genome Browser. As additional cell lines are analyzed and subsequently added into it, the database will be maintained dynamically.
Resource Utilization for Observation-Status Stays at Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Fieldston Evan S. , Shah Samir S. , Hall Matthew , Hain Paul D. , Alpern Elizabeth R. , Del Beccaro Mark A. , Harding John , Macy Michelle L. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Observation status, in contrast to inpatient status, is a billing designation for hospital payment. Observation-status stays are presumed to be shorter and less resource-intensive, but utilization for pediatric observation-status stays has not been studied. The goal of this study was to describe resource utilization characteristics for patients in observation and inpatient status in a national cohort of hospitalized children in the Pediatric Health Information System.METHODS:This study was a retrospective cohort from 2010 of observation- and inpatient-status stays of ≤2 days; all children were admitted from the emergency department. Costs were analyzed and described. Comparison between costs adjusting for age, severity, and length of stay were conducted by using random-effect mixed models to account for clustering of patients within hospitals.RESULTS:Observation status was assigned to 67 230 (33.3%) discharges, but its use varied across hospitals (2%–45%). Observation-status stays had total median costs of $2559, including room costs and $678 excluding room costs. Twenty-five diagnoses accounted for 74% of stays in observation status, 4 of which were used for detailed analyses: asthma (n = 6352), viral gastroenteritis (n = 4043), bronchiolitis (n = 3537), and seizure (n = 3289). On average, after risk adjustment, observation-status stays cost $260 less than inpatient-status stays for these select 4 diagnoses. Large overlaps in costs were demonstrated for both types of stay.CONCLUSIONS:Variability in use of observation status with large overlap in costs and potential lower reimbursement compared with inpatient status calls into question the utility of segmenting patients according to billing status and highlights a financial risk for institutions with a high volume of pediatric patients in observation status.
Effect of Early Limited Formula on Duration and Exclusivity of Breastfeeding in At-Risk Infants: An RCT
Authors: Flaherman Valerie J. , Aby Janelle , Burgos Anthony E. , Lee Kathryn A. , Cabana Michael D. , Newman Thomas B. 
Published: May 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Recent public health efforts focus on reducing formula use for breastfed infants during the birth hospitalization. No previous randomized trials report the effects of brief early formula use. The objective of the study was to determine if small formula volumes before the onset of mature milk production might reduce formula use at 1 week and improve breastfeeding at 3 months for newborns at risk for breastfeeding problems.METHODS:We randomly assigned 40 exclusively breastfeeding term infants, 24 to 48 hours old, who had lost ≥5% birth weight to early limited formula (ELF) intervention (10 mL formula by syringe after each breastfeeding and discontinued when mature milk production began) or control (continued exclusive breastfeeding). Our outcomes were breastfeeding and formula use at 1 week and 1, 2, and 3 months.RESULTS:Among infants randomly assigned to ELF during the birth hospitalization, 2 (10%) of 20 used formula at 1 week of age, compared with 9 (47%) of 19 control infants assigned during the birth hospitalization to continue exclusive breastfeeding (P = .01). At 3 months, 15 (79%) of 19 infants assigned to ELF during the birth hospitalization were breastfeeding exclusively, compared with 8 (42%) of 19 controls (P = .02).CONCLUSIONS:Early limited formula may reduce longer-term formula use at 1 week and increase breastfeeding at 3 months for some infants. ELF may be a successful temporary coping strategy for mothers to support breastfeeding newborns with early weight loss. ELF has the potential for increasing rates of longer-term breastfeeding without supplementation based on findings from this RCT.
High Temperature Stability of Silver Based Porous Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Devices
Authors: Sarikaya Ayhan , Petrovsky Vladimir , Dogan Fatih 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTHigh temperature (>550°C) applications of silver based porous composites have been limited due to relatively low melting temperature (962°C) of Ag. Incorporation of oxide particles was demonstrated as an effective approach for stabilization of the porous Ag microstructures. This study aims developing an understanding based on the relationships between the properties of the incorporated YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia), the developed porous microstructures and the electrochemical response of their electrodes. Minimum degradation was observed with the composite microstructure based on comparable Ag and YSZ particle sizes. The results demonstrated that YSZ incorporation into Ag matrix can increase the stable application temperature to 800°C.
Stability and Performance of YSZ Infiltrated Platinum Electrodes for Sensors and Solid Oxide Cells
Authors: Buyukaksoy Aligul , Petrovsky Vladimir , Dogan Fatih 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTLimited electrochemical performance and microstructure instability are crucial problems in Platinum electrodes for solid state electrochemical devices. YSZ infiltration into porous YSZ skeleton is a prospective method to enhance the electrochemical performance and stabilize the microstructure. In this work, the effect of Pt skeleton microstructure on the electrochemical performance and stability of Pt-YSZ electrodes prepared by infiltration was investigated. The electrode polarization resistance of YSZ infiltrated Pt electrode sintered at 800 °C was 0.060 Ohm.cm2 per electrode at 800 °C without degradation during the operation time of 51 hours. Triple phase boundary enhancement by YSZ infiltration and YSZ infiltration into Pt skeleton with smaller particle size resulted in the suppression of the electrochemical process observed at 150 Hz.
Large Electrocaloric Effect from Electrical Field Induced Orientational Order-Disorder Transition in Nematic Liquid Crystals Possessing Large Dielectric Anisotropy
Authors: Qian Xiao-Shi , Lu S. G. , Li Xinyu , Gu Haiming , Chien L-C , Zhang Q. M. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTLarge electrocaloric (EC) effects in ferroelectric polymers and in ferroelectric ceramics have attracted great attention for new refrigeration development which is more environmental friendly and more efficient and thus could be an alternative to the existing vapor-compression refrigerators which consume large energy and release large amount of green house gas. However in the past, all EC effects investigations have been focused on solid state dielectrics. It is interesting to ask whether a large EC effect can also be realized in dielectric fluids. A dielectric fluid with large EC effect could lead to new design of cooling devices with simpler structures than these based on solid state EC materials, for example, they can be utilized as both the refrigerant and heat exchange fluid. Here we present that a large EC effect can be realized in the liquid crystal (LC) 5CB near it's nematic-isotropic (N-I) phase transition. The LC 5CB possesses a large dielectric anisotropy which can induce large polarization change from the isotropic phase to the nematic phase near the N-I transition. An isothermal entropy change of more than 23 Jkg-1K-1 was observed near 39 oC that is just above the N-I transition.
Seroprevalence of IgM and IgG Antibodies to Toxoplasma infection in healthy and HIV-positive adults from Northern Nigeria
Authors: Ogoina Dimie , Onyemelukwe Geoffrey C , Musa Bolanle O , Obiako Reginald O 
Published: May 2013

Introduction: We examined the seroprevalence of toxoplasma infection in HIV-negative and -positive adults from Zaria, Northern Nigeria, and assessed its relationship with demographic, clinical, and immunological findings. Methodology: In a six-month cross-sectional study undertaken in 2008, sera of 219 adults, including 111 consecutive HIV-infected adults and 108 healthy HIV-negative adult volunteers from Zaria, Northern Nigeria, were examined for IgG and IgM antibodies to toxoplasma by ELISA. Clinical characteristics of the HIV-infected patients were documented. Differences in toxoplasma seropositivity between HIV-positive and negative adults were sought. The relationship between toxoplasma seropositivity and variables such as age, sex and antiretroviral (ART) status, as well as HIV clinical staging and CD4 cell counts were also determined. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The seroprevalence of toxoplasma infection (IgG positive and or IgM positive) was 32.4% in HIV-negative healthy adults and 38.7% in HIV-infected adults (P>0.05). The rate of IgM seropositivity was 4.6% in healthy adults and 1.8% in HIV-infected patients, while the rate of IgG seropositivity (without IgM seropositivity) was 28.7% in healthy adults and 37.8% in HIV-infected patients (p>0.05). Toxoplasma seropositivity was not associated with age, sex, ART status, CD4 cell count or HIV clinical staging. Seventy-four percent of the toxoplasma seropositive HIV-infected patients were asymptomatic and no cases of toxoplasma encephalitis were identified. Conclusion: Toxoplasmosis is equally prevalent in HIV-infected patients and healthy adults from similar environments in Northern Nigeria. It is imperative to develop public health policies to prevent toxoplasmosis in Nigeria, especially in HIV-infected patients.
Vieux et femmes immigrées en marge : le cas des « badanti » en Italie
Authors: Marcucci de Vincenti Antonella 
Published: May 2013

En Italie, depuis quelques années, un nouveau métier est né en tant que réponse adaptative au vieillissement de la population : celui des « badanti ». Ce terme populaire désigne les femmes immigrées travaillant au domicile des personnes âgées.Ce phénomène de société concerne quatre millions de personnes, en comptant les assistés et les travailleuses. Ces personnes se trouvent en marge de la société et sont déconsidérées. La disqualification est implicite, inscrite dans la dénomination même. « Badanti » vient du verbe badare , qui signifie « surveiller de près », « garder » : l’empathie inscrite dans les termes « care » ou « aide » n’est pas présente.Ce « welfare » fait maison, qui s’est révélé une ressource face à la carence des services publics, a fait exploser les nombreuses contradictions qui feront l’objet de notre analyse. La chronique des faits divers a fait émerger des délits, des abandons, des litiges lors des successions et aussi des contradictions dans les corps intermédiaires. Par exemple, le syndicat est amené à gérer des guerres entre pauvres : les « badanti » et les vieux retraités. Toutefois, la contradiction la plus saillante se trouve au cœur de l’activité. Le métier présente plusieurs facettes et à côté de l’identification de la « badante » avec l’assisté, nous trouvons l’humiliation et le ressentiment qui résultent des conditions d’exercice de l’activité : la « domesticité » et la « servitude ».
One-year Postoperative Knee Pain in Patients With Semi-extended Tibial Nailing Versus Control Group
Authors: Rothberg David L. , Daubs Gregory M. , Horwitz Daniel S. , Kubiak Erik N. 
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with a tibia fracture who were treated with an intramedullary nail using a semi-extended, extra-articular, parapatellar approach had anterior knee pain at a higher than acceptable incidence compared with control patients.
Eighteen patients with OTA type 42 A–C tibia fractures nailed using this approach were compared with an uninjured control group (n = 22). Lysholm Knee Score questionnaires were given to all participants and compared between groups. Fracture patients completed the LKS at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively. Additional data collected included age, sex, mechanism of injury, OTA classification, Gustilo/Anderson and Tscherne classification, nail-apex distance, complications, weight-bearing status, additional fixation needed, and postoperative procedures.

Mean age and demographics were similar between the fracture and control group: 42.9 vs 47.9 years, respectively, (
P
=.36) and 11 vs 9 men, respectively (
P
=.11). Lysholm Knee Scores among the subgroups (age, sex, medial vs lateral parapatellar approach, soft-tissue status, and nail-apex distance) showed no statistically significant differences (
P
>05 for all comparisons). Mean nail-apex distance was −16.3 mm. Mean LKS score 1-year postoperatively was 87.3 (range, 59–100) in the fracture group and 89.7 (range, 23–100) in the control group (
P
=.69). At 1-year postoperatively, patients in the fracture group did not have increased anterior knee pain compared with the control group.
Application of the Cervical Subaxial Anterior Approach at C2 in Select Patients
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhang Jing , Wang Xinwei , Chen Deyu , Yuan Wen 
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and radiographic indications of using the subaxial anterior approach for decompression and fusion at C2. Anterior exposure at C2 was difficult and associated with increased morbidity. The subaxial anterior approach is easy and familiar to spine surgeons but did not provide satisfying exposure in all patients. This article describes a series of patients undergoing anterior surgery involving C2 through the subaxial anterior approach.
Patients were selected based on lateral extension radiographs showing a mandibular angle higher than the C3 upper endplate. Forty-two patients (29 men and 13 women) with average age of 45 years and an average follow-up of 9.7 months were reviewed. Etiologies included Hangman’s fracture (n=35), traumatic disk herniation at C2–C3 (n=1), C3 fracture (n=2), ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (n=2), and tumor (n=2). Single-level diskectomy (n=36) and corpectomy (n=6) were performed. Exposure was satisfactory, and operations went smoothly in all patients except in 1 man with a muscular neck. One (2.4%) postoperative complication of choking and trouble swallowing liquids was observed and diminished in 3 months with no treatment. Pre- and postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were 13.86±2.25 and 16.50±0.76, respectively, with an improvement rate of 85%±24% in 14 patients who had preoperative neurological dysfunction. A fusion rate of 100% was achieved. The subaxial anterior approach may be simple and safe for exposure at C2 in select patients. Complicated exposure, such as the transoral or retropharyngeal approach, should be avoided in these patients.
Optimal Graft Length for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Biomechanical Study in Beagles
Authors: Yuan Feng , Zhou Wei , Cai Junfeng , Zhao Jinzhong , Huangfu Xiaoqiao , Yin Feng 
Published: May 2013

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a major ligament that helps maintain the stability of the knee joint. Injury to the ACL can be treated by replacing the torn ligament. This study determined the optimal flexor tendon length in the bone tunnel in ACL reconstruction.
Autologous ACL reconstruction was performed using a flexor tendon in 54 male beagles, with the graft length in the bone tunnel at 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, and 25 mm (9 dogs per graft length). The maximum tensile strength and stiffness of the reconstructed joint (tibia-ACL-femur triad) were recorded at 45, 90, and 180 days after ACL reconstruction (6 joints per time point). The experiment also included an intact control group (3 dogs) and a control group tested immediately after the reconstruction (3 dogs). For the intact control group, the normal ACL (unreconstructed) and flexor tendon mechanical testing was performed. For the other control group, the normal ACL (unreconstructed) mechanical testing was performed first and then mechanical testing of the specimens was performed immediately after reconstruction.
The maximum tensile strength and stiffness of the reconstructed tibia-ACL-femur triad increased with time after reconstruction, regardless of the graft length in the bone tunnel. Maximum tensile strength and stiffness of the grafts increased with graft length but reached a plateau at 17 mm. Optimal strength and stiffness of the reconstructed ACL are achieved with 17-mm grafts.
Recommendations for Driving After Right Knee Arthroscopy
Authors: Argintar Evan , Williams Amy , Kaplan Jonathan , Hall Michael P. , Sanders Thomas , Yalamanchili Raj , Hatch George F. 
Published: May 2013

No established guidelines currently exist to assist orthopedic surgeons in determining when a patient may safely control a motor vehicle after undergoing simple right knee arthroscopy. Despite this lack of concrete evidence, premature postoperative driving could expose orthopedic surgeons to legal liability and, more importantly, patients to danger and further injury. Through questionnaires directed at physicians, patients, and insurance companies, the authors attempted to identify common postoperative management trends among orthopedic surgeons in an effort to better identify patterns that could help direct practice for the optimized treatment of patients after right knee arthroscopy.
Although 29.7% of physicians always incorporated postoperative driving instructions during routine preoperative consultation, 57% of physicians brought up these conversations half of the time or less. In addition, when the preoperative discussions were conducted, approximately 23.6% of physicians never initiated the conversation. The majority of physicians recommended driving after narcotics were discontinued (70%), when the patient felt they could subjectively control their vehicle (57.1%), and when postoperative symptoms would allow safe driving (38.8%); these achievements were most commonly reached at 1 week postoperatively.
After simple right knee arthroscopy, the common consensus indicates that patients may safely return to driving 1 week postoperatively when they are narcotic-free and feel safe to control their vehicle.