bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P-588 THE IMPACT OF DISPLAY SCREEN USE ON VISUAL FUNCTION AT AN EARLY AGE
Authors: Mateus Catarina , Dias Libânia , Rodrigues Matilde , Magalhães Rúben , Ferreira Simão , Rocha Nuno 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
As the use of smartphones and other digital devices becomes an integral part of modern life, it is increasingly common to witness children engaging with these devices at younger ages and for extended periods. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated this trend, significantly impacting the way children interact with technology. This study aims to evaluate visual function and lacrimal volume in preschool-aged children and explore possible correlations with the age of screen usage initiation and daily screen time.

Methods
68 children aged between 3 and 6 years (4.676+-0.701 years) were included in the study. All participants underwent a visual examination, evaluation of the lacrimal volume and the ScreenQ for measuring digital media use. The symptoms presented by the children were also evaluated.

Results
Three children (4.4%) exhibited negative stereopsis due to a manifest strabismus and eighteen participants (26.5%) showed an uncorrected refractive error (especially myopia). Concerning the meniscometry test, we found a mean value of 6.838+-2.366mm. The visual symptoms most reported by children were increased sensitivity to light (39.7%), foreign body sensation (27.9%) and eye burning (20.6%). We found a daily screen usage time of 1.875+-1.052h and a starting age of 20.794+-13.564months. Interestingly, we found a significant correlation between the lacrimal volume and the daily screen time (r=-0.305;p=0.0110).

Discussion and Conclusion
There is a visible impact on visual health and symptoms presented by children with the use of electronic devices. Striking a balance between screen use and other activities, namely outdoor activities can help promote healthy visual development and reduce the risk of myopia development.
O-400 PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES ON RETURN-TO-WORK INTERVENTIONS FOR PEOPLE WITH BURNOUT: A QUALITATIVE EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
Authors: Lambreghts Charlotte , Vandenbroeck Sofie , Godderis Lode 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Burnout is a work-related mental health problem and causes long-term work disability. Return-to-work interventions for burned-out employees aim to prevent long-term work disability. Research on the effectiveness of return-to-work interventions for burned-out employees shows inconclusive results due to heterogeneity of study population and intervention type (person-directed, workplace-directed). This study aims 1) to synthesize qualitative research evidence perceptions and experiences regarding return-to-work interventions and 2) to identify hypotheses about why some return-to-work interventions are more effective than others.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase and CINAHL from January 2000 to June 2023. We searched for qualitative or mixed methods studies that included qualitative findings on the experiences and perspectives of people with burnout, care givers, employers or other stakeholders on return-to-work interventions. We identified factors influencing effectiveness of return-to-work interventions using a framework thematic synthesis approach. We assessed the methodological limitations of included studies using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool for qualitative research.

Results
We identified 481 articles after removal of all duplicates. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria and we identified 3 key themes: 1) Burned-out people think the support of health professionals and their family promotes the return-to-work process 2) Adaptations in the workplace are considered to be essential by burned-out patients and line managers 3) Communication between all stakeholders is needed to prepare return to work.

Discussion
Stakeholders from different domains need to be involved in the return-to-work process of burned-out people.

Conclusion
An effective return-to-work intervention supports communication between health professionals, the workplace and burned-out people..
P-589 A STUDY OF THE USEFULNESS OF WEARABLE PARTICLE MONITORS (WPM) AND POWERED AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATORS IN PROTECTING WORKERS FROM DUST EXPOSURE ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Ogami Akira , Ando Hajime , Sekoguchi Shingo , Ikegam Kazunori , Yoshitake Hidetaka , Shirasaka Taiki , Baba Hiroka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Personal protective equipment is an essential line of defense for minimizing an asbestos risk when elimination is not practicable. It has been reported that wearing such devices may deteriorate physiological indicators such as blood pressure, and some overseas guidelines state that it is required for workers to receive medical suitability tests before wearing them.

Methods and results
On the other hand, there are no such guidelines in Japan, and there has been little research on the effect of respiratory protective devices on physiological indicators. We have investigated and reported on the usefulness of respiratory protective equipment and PAPRs (Powered Air Purifying Respirators), including the effects of wearing them on workers and the exposure reduction effects of wearing them. We have also developed a wearable particle monitor (WPM) with a small PM2.5 sensor to evaluate the exposure status of workers wearing respiratory protective equipment.

Discussion and conclusion
We believe that if these two devices can be used together to monitor individual exposure to dust at the workplace and reduce exposure, they may contribute to the reduction of occupational respiratory illnesses in welding and other dusty work. In this presentation, we will make recommendations for such measures.
P-600 WORKPLACE POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR THE PREVENTION OF PTSI WORK DISABILITY
Authors: Van Eerd Dwayne , Tompa Emile , Irvin Emma , Gross Doug , Straube Sebastian , Bremault-Phillips Suzette , Varickanickal Joann , Ragunathan Sharmigaa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
First responders (FR) such as police, paramedics, and firefighters are routinely exposed to traumatic situations and may suffer from post-traumatic stress injuries (PTSI) as a result. The scientific evidence on optimal treatment and workplace practices for PTSI is not strong. The objective of this project was to examine first responder workplace policies and practices for the prevention of PTSI work disability.

Methods
The research team worked with a stakeholder advisory committee (police, paramedics, firefighters) to conduct an interview study with FR (workers and manager roles) from Alberta, Canada. A thematic analysis was used for the qualitative interview data.

Results
We gathered data via interviews with 47 FR members from police (16), fire (16), and paramedic (15) services who shared their experience with PTSI and workplace programs. The data reveal three key themes related to workplace PTSI programs and policies: Improving Culture, Programs under development, and Trusted communication. Three additional themes emerged related to recommendations to improve policies and programs in the workplace: stream-lined processes, better resources, and continuing to reduce stigma. The themes and recommendations from participants provide some practical information about how programs can be improved.

Discussion and conclusions
The interview data yielded rich descriptions of current workplace PTSI practices. While participants noted that awareness about PTSI and the culture of first responder workplaces there was still room for improvement. Recommendations regarding improved processes and resources were considered paramount. Future research should examine FR workplace program development as well as implementation.
P-606 THE USABILITY OF A MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING TRAINING TOOLKIT IN WORK REHABILITATION
Authors: Coutu Marie-France , Durand Marie-Jose , Green Rachel , Labreceque Marie-Elise , Pettigrew Sara 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
A free web-based training toolkit is available to perform Motivational Interviewing (MI) intervention for work rehabilitation programs.

Objectives
To assess the usability of the toolkit by work rehabilitation professionals.

Method
A descriptive qualitative study was conducted with professionals in work rehabilitation for musculoskeletal disorders. They had varying levels of experience with MI. They consulted the Internet-based training (4 hours) and applied MI with a standardized patient. A trained expert analyzed the interviews using the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity (MITI 2.0). Professionals were interviewed individually to obtain feedback on the usability of the toolkit based on this experience. Two coders had an agreement of 85%.

Results
A total of 19 professionals participated (mean age =32; mean years of experience in work rehabilitation = 5.2). Prior to training, 6 had no experience with MI, 9 had moderate experience, and 4 self-identified as experienced. Overall, professionals were satisfied with the toolkit. The lowest satisfaction was moderate (n=1). Mean scores for treatment integrity was 3/5 (basic MI proficiency).

Discussion
Professionals found the training useful, clear, and adapted to the context of work rehabilitation. Training videos were highly appreciated. The ease of site navigation and absence of a printable document was less appreciated for a minority of professionals. Experimentation with a standardized patient and expert feedback was suggested as an addition to the toolkit, in a paid supplement.

Conclusion
A training toolkit for the MI is available and is considered usable by the intended users. Testing the perceived MI acceptability of workers will be the next step.
O-401 THE POWER OF WEARABLES IN COMBINATION WITH LOCATION TRACKING IN ERGONOMICS
Authors: Ghoos Thomas , Pollentier Gerrit , Van Hauwermeiren Liesbeth , Verbrugghe Mathieu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Back pain and upper limb muscle pain are frequently reported by workers. Reducing posture related risks is important to prevent muskuloskeletal disorders. This study aims to (1) develop an easy-to-use system measuring awkward back and shoulders postures, and (2) identify high-risk locations of the working area.

Methods
Four Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are used to track workers’ awkward back and shoulders postures during a workday. IMUs are attached to the back (one sensor is attached with a clip on the belt and one integrated in the t-shirt on the upper spine) and upper arms (integrated in both upper arm sleeves). For location tracking, a location tag is attached to the t-shirt. Signals from the tags are captured by multiple anchors and forwarded to the server calculating the real-time location.

Results
Raw IMU position data can be converted to the desired output (e.g. frequency of dynamic movements). The data output of the IMUs is also integrated with the location data. Using different colors, high risk locations can be identified on a heat map. By comparing a work station before and after ergonomic adaptations, the impact of these adaptations on back and shoulder posture could be established.

Discussion
By using IMUs in combination with location tracking, high-risk locations could be detected. Additionally, the effectiveness of ergonomic interventions could be monitored. This information may contribute to the design of new and existing working environments.

Conclusion
IMUs in combination with location tracking can measure awkward back and shoulders postures and identify high-risk locations, before or after ergonomic interventions.
O-404 OBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF ACTIVE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE OPERATOR AND DISPLAY SCREEN EQUIPMENT USING AN INNOVATIVE ACQUISITION SYSTEM
Authors: De Palma Giuseppe , Sala Emma , Mattioli Flavia , Ferrari Vittorio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The evaluation of occupational risk of operators using display screen equipment (DSE) is usually based on activity data collected through questionnaires.

Methods
We evaluated an original and innovative system that can assess operator–DSE interactions by collecting electrical impulses generated by the activation of mouse, keyboard and a camera collecting eye-screen fixation. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the system’s performance on an employee sample involved in active reading and copying at a DSE workstation connected to the system. In the context of mandatory health surveillance at work, we enrolled 38 DSE operators with normal neuropsychological and eye assessments who were required to complete two predefined reading and writing tasks.

Results
The obtained results show that the system is able to collect activity data derived from operator–DSE interactions through screen fixation, keyboard tapping and mouse handling. In the copying task, the session duration as recorded by the system was highly related to the screen fixation time. In the copying task, mouse and keyboard activities were more strongly related to session duration than screen fixation. For the copying task, it was also possible to obtain individual profiles of operator–DSE interactions while performing the same standardized tasks.

Discussion
Collected data can allow an objective evaluation of active time spent by DSE operators at their workstations, thus allowing a more accurate occupational health risk assessment and management.

Conclusion
Prospective analysis of individual operator–DSE interaction profiles can favor the setup of targeted preventive and organizational interventions from an of even wider worker wellbeing perspective.
P-615 EXPLORING WORKLOAD AND ROTATOR CUFF TENDINOPATHY IN ELECTRICIANS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY UTILIZING QUESTIONNAIRES AND RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS
Authors: Sellami Imen , Abbes Anwar , Feki Afef , Ghrab Mohamed Anis , Tah Marieme , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi , Hajjaji Mounira , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Exploring workload and shoulder pain in electricians is crucial due to occupational hazards. Electricians often experience excessive strain on their shoulders, which can result in conditions like rotator cuff tendinopathy (RCT). Our aim was to use imaging to screen for RCT among electricians.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study among electricians using a questionnaire. Socio-professional data and results from radiological examinations of painful shoulders were collected. The raw National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (raw NASA-TLX) was employed to assess perceived workload.

Results
We enrolled 70 male electricians with a mean age of 38.1±10.2 years and an average job tenure of 14.5±11.1 years. Among them, 18.6% experienced right shoulder pain and 14.3% had pain in the left shoulder. Shoulder radiography and ultrasound revealed abnormalities in 48.6% and 67.1% of cases, respectively. Notably, 22.9% and 8.6% of electricians exhibited supraspinatus and subscapular tendinopathies. Electricians with shoulder radiography and ultrasound abnormalities were older and had longer job tenures (p&lt;0.05). Mental and physical demands, performance, effort, frustration, and temporal demand scores were 88.7±14.4, 62.4±22.7, 85.1±13.8, 82.7±14.3, 35.9±28.7, and 59.8±28.9, respectively. Electricians with shoulder radiography abnormalities experienced higher time pressure (p=0.02).

Discussion
This study emphasizes the significance of investigating workload and shoulder pain among electricians due to occupational hazards. Shoulder strain, potentially causing RCT, necessitates screening through imaging.

Conclusion
Electricians are at risk of shoulder issues, notably tendinopathies. Radiological findings and workload indicators highlight the need for ergonomic interventions and preventive measures to ensure their long-term musculoskeletal health.
P-621 STUDY ON CERVICAL MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG CHINESE DENTISTS BASED ON LOGISTIC REGRESSION AND DECISION TREE MODEL
Authors: Jin Xu , Nazakati Maimaiti , Guo Xiaolong , Peng Yu , He Lihua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the most common occupational health problems among dentists, with a high prevalence. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in the neck of Chinese dentists.

Methods
Using a convenient sampling method, 509 dentists from nine medical institutions in two cities in the north and the south of China were selected as the study population. Individual information, musculoskeletal health condition, work-related factors was investigated using the Chinese Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire.

Results
Logistic regression analysis showed that female, age 30-40 years, job tenure ≥11 years, keeping your head down for long time and keeping your head twisted sideways for long time at work were negatively associated with having cervical WMSDs in dentist, exercising intermittently at work and use of dental loupes/microscopes were positively associated with having cervical WMSDs in dentists. The results of the decision tree model showed that not using dental loupes/microscopes at work, keeping your head twisted sideways for long time, age &gt; 20 years, and female gender were negatively associated with having cervical WMSDs in dentists.

Discussion
WMSDs in dentists are serious, especially in the neck. Providing appropriate dental loupes/microscopes for dentists and increasing work breaks may be useful for preventing the occurrence of WMSDs.

Conclusion
Job tenure, female, age, and poor posture would increase the risk of having cervical WMSDs in dentists, and using dental loupes/microscopes at work and exercising intermittently are beneficial in reducing the risk of having cervical WMSDs in dentists.
P-623 TRAILBLAZING ERGO PRACTICE FOR DESK BASED WORK
Authors: Bhat Vidya Kiran 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Ergonomics is important to improve our efficiency and productivity anywhere we work also to prevent stress and strain on our body. The ideal ergonomic workstation set ups were in office when pandemic compelled most of the office staff to work from home. For progressive organizations, the concern to provide ideal ergonomic workstation for employees was a great challenge across the globe. Very few organizations supported employees setting agronomical workstation at home during pandemic, continues to support new joiners and existing employees working in hybrid mode.

Objective
To provide the best possible Ergonomic support to the employees in hybrid model of working.

Method
1. To facilitate the right assessment, offer and support to the employees, software based self-learning assessment tool was brought in. 2. Levels of support were reviewed and standardized. New system with 3 level support offers ‘self-resolve’, ‘remote evaluation of work set-up (at home) by expertise’ and ‘curative management by expertise’ in person. 3. While ‘assigned’ eLearning details type of design- purpose - duration, 4. Importance of frequent breaks, stretching are encouraged. 5. with expertise evaluation, required equipment support provided to needy.

Result
Increased Employee satisfaction and trust on the organization was evident in annual Pulse survey. Drastic reduction in % of previously self-assessed high risk for MSD.

Conclusion
Thoughtful proactive support in Health & Wellbeing by organization not only wins the trust but also improves the productivity and satisfaction levels of employees. This drastically reduces the medical issues, sufferings for employee also curative management cost by company directly or via insurance.
First star formation in extremely early epochs
Authors: Ito Mana , Omukai Kazuyuki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
First stars play crucial roles in the development of the Universe, influencing events like cosmic reionization and the chemcal enrichment of the intergalactic medium. While first stars are conventionally thought to form at around $z \sim 20$–30 in the standard $\Lambda$ cold dark matter ($\Lambda$CDM) cosmology, observational constraints on small-scale ($\\lt $Mpc) density fluctuations remain limited, possibly differing significantly from the scale-invariant fluctuations assumed in the $\Lambda $CDM model. Should this be the case, the formation of first stars could occur much earlier than typically predicted. In this study, we investigate the formation process of first stars in the extremely early epochs of $z \gtrsim 100$ in the post-recombination Universe. At such early times, the effects of the warm cosmic microwave background (CMB) become significant. We calculate the collapse of primordial star-forming clouds using a one-zone thermo-chemical model that accounts for CMB influences on radiative heating, Compton cooling, and photodissociation reactions. We found that the impact of the CMB on the evolution is limited at $z \lesssim 100 $, with the temperature evolution closely resembling the conventional model. However, within the range $100 \lesssim z \lesssim 400$, the formation of H$_{2}$ via the H$^{-}$ channel is impeded by H$^{-}$ photo-detachment induced by the CMB, leading to higher temperatures compared to standard thermal evolution. Consequently, first stars with masses exceeding $1000\, {M}_{\odot }$ can emerge at $z \gtrsim 100$. Furthermore, at $z \gtrsim 500$, the temperature evolution becomes nearly isothermal at several thousand Kelvin solely due to atomic cooling, as H$_{2}$ formation is entirely suppressed, including the less-efficient H$_2^{+}$ channel, which is blocked by H$_2^{+}$ photodissociation. In such cases, supermassive stars with masses around $\sim 10^{5}\, {M}_{\odot }$ are expected to form solely via atomic cooling. These findings emphasize the significant variation in the typical mass of the first stars depending on the epoch of formation.
Dynamics of actinotrichia, fibrous collagen structures in zebrafish
fin tissues, unveiled by novel fluorescent probes
Authors: Kuroda Junpei , Hino Hiromu , Kondo Shigeru 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Collagen fibers provide physical support to animal tissues by orienting in the correct position and at optimal density. Actinotrichia are thick collagen fibers that are present at the tips of fish fins and serve as scaffolds for bone formation. The arrangement and density of actinotrichia must be constantly maintained with a high degree of regularity to form spatial patterns in the fin bones, but the mechanisms of this process are largely unknown. To address this issue, we first identified two fluorescent probes that can stain actinotrichia clearly in vivo. Using these probes and time-lapse observation of actinotrichia synthesized at different growth stages, we revealed the following previously unknown dynamics of actinotrichia. (i) Actinotrichia do not stay stationary at the place where they are produced; instead, they move towards the dorsal area during the notochord bending and (ii) move towards the distal tip during the fin growth. (iii) Actinotrichia elongate asymmetrically as new collagen is added at the proximal side. (iv) Density is maintained by the insertion of new actinotrichia. (v) Actinotrichia are selectively degraded by osteoclasts. These findings suggest that the regular arrangement of actinotrichia is the outcome of multiple dynamic processes.