bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized trial of ‘intelligent’ autotitrating ventilation versus standard pressure support non‐invasive ventilation: Impact on adherence and physiological outcomes
Authors: Kelly Julia L. , Jaye Jay , Pickersgill Rachel E. , Chatwin Michelle , Morrell Mary J. , Simonds Anita K. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackground and objectiveEffective non‐invasive ventilation (NIV) therapy is dependent on optimal ventilator settings to maximize clinical benefit and patient tolerance. Intelligent volume‐assured pressure support (iVAPS) is a hybrid mode of servoventilation, providing constant automatic adjustment of pressure support (PS) to achieve a target ventilation determined by the patient's requirements. In a randomized crossover trial, we tested the hypothesis that iVAPS, with automated selection of ventilator settings, was non‐inferior to standard PS ventilation, with settings determined by an experienced health‐care professional, for controlling nocturnal hypoventilation in patients naive to NIV.MethodsEighteen patients referred to a ventilator clinic with chronic obstructive or restrictive lung disease and newly diagnosed nocturnal hypoventilation (10 male, median (interquartile range): age 54(41–61) years, mean daytime PaO2 9.25(8.59–10.31) kPa, ‐PaCO2 6.38(5.93–6.65) kPa were randomized to iVAPS and standard PS. Polysomnography with transcutaneous CO2 monitoring was performed at baseline and 1 month after each treatment period. Nightly hours of therapy were recorded by the ventilator.ResultsiVAPS delivered a lower median PS compared with standard PS (8.3(5.6–10.4) vs 10.0(9.0–11.4) cmH2O; P = 0.001) for the same ventilatory outcome (mean overnight: SpO2 96(95–98) vs 96(93–97)%; P = 0.13 and PtcCO2 6.5(5.8–6.8) vs 6.2(5.8–6.9); P = 0.54). There was no difference in outcome between ventilator modes for spirometry, respiratory muscle strength, sleep quality, arousals or O2 desaturation index. Adherence was greater with iVAPS (5:40(4:42–6:49) vs 4:20(2:27–6:17) hh:mm/night; P = 0.004).ConclusionsiVAPS servoventilation with automation of ventilation settings is as effective as PS ventilation initiated by a skilled health‐care professional in controlling nocturnal hypoventilation and produced better overnight adherence in patients naive to NIV.
Diagnostic value of the soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 in lower respiratory tract infections: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ye Wu , Hu Yanjie , Zhang Ruifeng , Ying Kejing 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (sTREM‐1) is a promising diagnostic marker for many types of infections. A bivariate meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate its diagnostic value for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science (from January 1966 to August 2013) for all trials assessing diagnostic value of sTREM‐1 for LRTI. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio(PLR), negative likelihood ratio(NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), the area under summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve and the Q* were calculated. Thirteen studies with 1138 patients were included in our meta‐analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of sTREM‐1 for diagnosis of LRTI was 0.84 and 0.77. The PLR, NLR and DOR were 3.6, 0.21 and 17. The area under SROC curve was 0.88 and the Q* was 0.82. The univariate meta‐regression analysis demonstrated that the assay method for sTREM‐1 significantly affected sensitivity for LRTI. The Q* of sTREM‐1 for diagnosis of community‐acquired LRTI was 0.82, and the area under SROC curve was 0.88. The Q* of sTREM‐1 in diagnosis of hospital‐acquired LRTI was 0.83, and the area under SROC curve was 0.90. The Q* of sTREM‐1 for distinguishing culture‐positive LRTI from culture‐negative diseases was 0.79, and the area under SROC curve was 0.86. Current evidence suggests that sTREM‐1 is an accurate marker of LRTI. The overall diagnostic value of sTREM‐1 for LRTI, community‐acquired LRTI and hospital‐acquired LRTI is similar.
Sleep disordered breathing and airway disease in primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Santamaria Francesca , Esposito Maria , Montella Silvia , Cantone Elena , Mollica Carmine , De Stefano Sara , Mirra Virginia , Carotenuto Marco 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackground and objectiveSleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) may develop in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), leading to these diseases worsening one another.MethodsSixteen stable PCD patients (4.9–17.2 years) and 42 controls underwent overnight respiratory polysomnography (rPSG) and Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children (SDSC). In PCD we assessed nasal endoscopy, pulmonary function tests and chest high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT).ResultsCompared with controls, PCD had higher obstructive apnoea (4.7 vs 0.2, P < 0.001), central apnoea (0.8 vs 0.2, P < 0.001), hypopnoea (1.8 vs 0.2, P < 0.001), apnoea–hypopnoea (7.8 vs 0.6, P < 0.001), oxygen desaturation indexes (ODI; 0.7 vs 0.2, P = 0.002), and mean oxygen desaturation (4% vs 1%, P < 0.001), while mean and nadir oxygen saturation (97.1% vs 98.1, P < 0.001) (93% vs 97.2%, P < 0.001) were lower, respectively. In PCD, SDSC was unrelated to rPSG (P > 0.05), with total score and subscores of disorders in initiating and maintaining sleep, and sleep–wake transition lower than controls. PCD patients had chronic rhinosinusitis (100%) and adenoidal hypertrophy (50%). Total HRCT score was 7 (range 0–14). ODI correlated with functional residual capacity (r = 0.8, P = 0.02), total HRCT (r = 0.6, P = 0.03) and peribronchial thickening scores (r = 0.7, P = 0.02). Oxygen saturation was associated with bronchiectasis severity score (r = −0.6, P = 0.02).ConclusionsPCD's parents may underestimate SDB. As nocturnal desaturation is associated with lung function and structure abnormalities, SDB may significantly contribute to pulmonary morbidity.
Impact of periodic selective mebendazole treatment on soil‐transmitted helminth infections in Cuban schoolchildren
Authors: van der Werff Suzanne D. , Vereecken Kim , van der Laan Kim , Campos Ponce Maiza , Junco Díaz Raquel , Núñez Fidel A. , Rojas Rivero Lázara , Bonet Gorbea Mariano , Polman Katja 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of periodic selective treatment with 500 mg mebendazole on soil‐transmitted helminth (STH) infections in Cuban schoolchildren.MethodsWe followed up a cohort of 268 STH‐positive schoolchildren, aged 5–14 years at baseline, at six‐month intervals for two years and a final follow‐up after three years. Kato‐Katz stool examination was used to detect infections with Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm. Common risk factors related to STHs were assessed by parental questionnaire.ResultsA significant reduction in the number of STH infections was obtained after three years with the highest reduction for T. trichiura (87.8%) and the lowest for hookworm (57.9%). After six months, cure rates (CRs) were 76.9% for A. lumbricoides, 67.4% for T. trichiura and 44.4% for hookworm. After two treatment rounds, more than 75% of all STH‐positive children at baseline were cured, but with important differences between STH species (95.2% for A. lumbricoides, 80.5% for T. trichiura and 76.5% for hookworm). At the end of the study, these cumulative CRs were almost 100% for all three STHs. Risk factors for STHs were sex, sanitary disposal and habit of playing in the soil.ConclusionsOur results indicate that periodic selective treatment with 500 mg mebendazole is effective in reducing the number of STH infections in Cuban schoolchildren. Although important differences were found between helminth species, two rounds of treatment appeared sufficient to obtain substantial reductions.
Symptom‐based screening tool in ruling out active tuberculosis among HIV‐infected patients eligible for isoniazid preventive therapy in Tanzania
Authors: Shayo Grace A. , Minja Lilian T. , Egwaga Said , Bakari Muhammad , Mugusi Ferdinand M. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed the usefulness of the National TB and Leprosy Control Program (NTLP) symptom‐based tuberculosis (TB) screening tool in identifying HIV‐infected patients eligible for isoniazid preventive therapy in Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam Tanzania.MethodsDescriptive cross‐sectional study. Data collected included socio‐demographic and clinical data. Chest X‐ray, sputum for acid‐fast bacilli (AFB) microscopy, mycobacterial culture, CD4 + count and complete blood count were performed. Patients were considered not having active TB if they presented with no symptom in the screening tool, which comprised these symptoms: cough, fever and excessive night sweats for ≥2 weeks; weight loss of ≥3 kg in 4 weeks and haemoptysis of any duration. The reference standard was a negative culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.ResultsWe enroled 373 patients, of whom 72.1% were females. Active pulmonary TB was found in 4.1% (14/338) of the participants as defined by a positive culture. The sensitivity and specificity of the NTLP screening tool were 71.4% (10/14) and 75.9% (246/324), respectively. False‐negative rate was 28.6% (4/10). Cough, fever for ≥2 weeks and weight loss were independent predictors of NTLP‐defined TB. Cough ≥2 weeks predicted TB when a positive culture was used to define TB.ConclusionThe screening tool had fairly good sensitivity and specificity for TB screening; however, there is a possibility that about 29% of the screened population will be given IPT while they are supposed to receive a full course of TB treatment.
Overexpression of tumstatin in genetically modified megakaryocytes changes the proangiogenic effect of platelets
Authors: Li Juan , Luo Jing , Luo Yi‐Qin , Zhou Ming , Zhao Liang , Yao Li‐Juan , Dong Hang , Yang Rui‐Ning 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundThrombocytopenia is a common side effect of tumor chemotherapy, the main management approach to which is based on platelet (PLT) transfusion. However, PLTs, containing angiogenesis regulators, play a major role in boosting tumor growth and metastasis. The purpose of the study was to determine whether PLTs have the capacity to overexpress tumstatin by modified megakaryocyte (MK) and PLT precursors using lentivirus‐mediated gene transfer, which might lead to alteration in proangiogenic effect of PLTs.Study Design and MethodsCD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were transduced with recombinant lentivirus carrying tumstatin and induced to produce MKs and PLTs in the culture medium containing a cytokine cocktail. Flow cytometry and aggregation test were used to detect the generation and function of MKs and PLTs. Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy were applied to examine the expression and distribution of tumstatin in transgenic MKs and PLTs. Capillary tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of transgenic PLTs.ResultsCD34+ HSCs can be efficiently transduced with lentivirus vectors and successfully differentiated into MKs and PLTs. Large amounts of functional MKs and PLTs could be generated and had correct biologic characteristics. The tests demonstrated the feasibility of tumstatin expression in MKs and PLTs under control of the cytomegalovirus promoter, that thus tumstatin was stored in the α‐granules of PLTs, and that the releasate of thrombin or A543 cell–stimulated transgenic PLTs obviously inhibited the growth of capillary tube network structures of HUVECs.ConclusionGene‐modified CD34+ HSCs not only successfully differentiated into MKs and PLTs but also expressed tumstatin protein. Release of tumstatin in transgenic PLT granules led to antiangiogenic effect of PLTs.
A policy for the disposal of autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells: report from an Italian consensus panel
Authors: Perseghin Paolo , Marchetti Monia , Pierelli Luca , Olivieri Attilio , Introna Martino , Lombardini Letizia , Accorsi Patrizia , Petrini Carlo , Risso Marco , Bosi Alberto ,   Società Italiana di Emaferesi e Manipolazione Cellulare (SIDEM), Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Midollo Osseo (GITMO) and Centro Nazionale Trapianti (CNT)
Published: March 2014

BackgroundAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) requires collection and cryopreservation of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), which in turn may be partially or never reinfused. Thus, HPC storage has become a logistic, ethical, and economic issue. SIDEM, GITMO, and CNT/ISS endorsed a project aimed to define national criteria for HPC disposal aimed to guarantee appropriateness and equity.Study Design and MethodsA multidisciplinary panel was convened including HPC harvest and manipulation experts from apheresis units, hematologists with clinical expertise in ASCT, a representative of the national health authority, and a bioethicist. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was carried out to select disposal criteria.ResultsThe AHP selected two criteria for prompt disposal of freshly collected HPCs: an abnormal freezing procedure causing highly reduced viability or major microbiology contamination. Moreover, AHP selected six major criteria, each one of them allowing for the disposal of stored HPC units: patient death, withdrawal of consent to ASCT, contraindications or loss of indications to ASCT, a damaged label that prevents correct identification of the unit, and time elapsed since harvest longer than 10 years. Three minor criteria were additionally identified that allowed to anticipate disposal only provided that viability levels are below the limit of acceptance: a documented cold chain interruption, loss of bag integrity, and total amount of stored CD34+ cells lower than 1 × 106/kg or lower than 2 × 106/kg in patients with a successfully completed stem cell transplantation program.ConclusionsA formal consensus process allowed SIDEM and GITMO to propose a policy for autologous HPC disposal that fulfills clinical, ethical, and economic criteria.
Norm perception and communication for vasovagal symptoms in blood donation
Authors: Rose Jason P. , Geers Andrew L. , France Janis L. , France Christopher R. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundBlood is a valuable resource, but most people do not donate. One deterrent to blood donation is the anticipation of vasovagal symptoms (e.g., dizziness, nausea, and fainting), despite the fact that such symptoms typically affect a small proportion of donors. The current research examined norm perceptions regarding vasovagal symptom experiences and used a message‐framing paradigm to communicate accurate norm information and increase future donation intentions.Study Design and MethodsThree studies were conducted using young adult samples. In Study 1, donors and nondonors estimated the percentage of people who experience vasovagal symptoms. In Studies 2 and 3, nondonors and donors (respectively) were provided with accurate, positively framed, or negatively framed norm messages and indicated their intentions to donate.ResultsIn Study 1 we found that participants vastly overestimated how normative it was to experience vasovagal symptoms and this overestimation was stronger among nondonors. In Studies 2 and 3, we showed that positively framed normative messages (“90% of donors do not experience vasovagal symptoms”) were generally more influential than negatively framed messages (“10% of donors do experience vasovagal symptoms”), except among past donors who had unfavorable donation experiences.ConclusionThese findings suggest that targeting and correcting norm perception may be a critical step toward improving blood donation rates.
Zoonotic Helminths of Urban Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the UK: Neglected Public Health Considerations?
Authors: McGarry J. W. , Higgins A. , White N. G. , Pounder K. C. , Hetzel U. 
Published: March 2014

SummaryUrban brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) carry microbial human pathogens but their role as reservoir hosts for helminths of public health importance is less well known. In this study, 42 brown rats trapped on Merseyside were subject to thorough combined helminthological and pathohistological post‐mortem examination. Eggs of the rodent‐borne zoonotic nematode Calodium hepaticum were initially detected in histological sections of the livers of 9.5% of rats, but overall diagnostic sensitivity increased to 16.6% when entire liver tissue was disrupted and the resulting filtrates were examined for released eggs. In their rat host, mainly trapped inside the dockland, infections with C. hepaticum were associated with a chronic multifocal pyogranulomatous hepatitis with intralesional eggs and peripheral fibrosis. Mean intensity of hepatic C. hepaticum egg infections was 1041 eggs. This is the first report of C. hepaticum in an urban brown rat population in the UK and provides original data for liver egg burdens in this abundant commensal rodent. The zoonotic cestode Rodentolepis nana had a prevalence of infection of 14.3%. Rodent‐specific, non‐zoonotic helminths found were the spiruroid Mastophorus muris (16.0%) in the stomach, the trichuroid Trichosomoides crassicauda in the urinary bladder (31.0%); the ascarid Heterakis spumosa was the commonest helminth of the large intestine (76.2%). Many millions of brown rats inhabit cities and rural areas of the UK, and the infective stages of the zoonotic worm species, particularly C. hepaticum, are likely to be widely distributed in the environment presenting a threat to public health.
Association between sleep disordered breathing and aggressiveness markers of malignant cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Martínez-García Miguel-Ángel , Martorell-Calatayud Antonio , Nagore Eduardo , Valero Irene , Selma Maria Jose , Chiner Eusebi , Landete Pedro , Montserrat Josep-Maria , Carrera Cristina , Pérez-Gil Amalia , Campos-Rodríguez Francisco , Farré Ramón 
Published: March 2014

Some recent studies have shown an association between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and cancer mortality and incidence but no study has focused on a specific type of cancer. The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between the severity of SDB and factors related to cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) aggressiveness.We performed a multicentre observational study in 82 consecutive patients diagnosed with CMM. 56 patients in whom melanoma measurements were available were finally included in the study. Melanoma measurements of aggressiveness included: tumour mitotic rate, Breslow index, presence of ulceration, stage of disease and growth rate of melanoma. A sleep study was performed in all the included patients. Multivariate analyses were used to examine the independent relationship between SDB severity (apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) and nocturnal oxygen desaturation indexes (ODI3%and ODI4%)) and measures of CMM aggressiveness.60.7% of patients had SDB (AHI ≥5) and 14.3% severe obstructive sleep apnoea (AHI ≥30). In fully adjusted multivariate analyses, AHI (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.14), ODI3%(OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.11) and ODI4%(OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.02–1.2) were independently associated with an increased melanoma growth rate. Furthermore, AHI, ODI4%and ODI3%were significantly correlated with other aggressiveness factors of CMM, such as Breslow index, presence of ulceration and mitotic index.SDB severity markers are associated with some aggressiveness markers of CMM.
miR-630 targets IGF1R to regulate response to HER-targeting drugs and overall cancer cell progression in HER2 over-expressing breast cancer
Authors: Corcoran Claire , Rani Sweta , Breslin Susan , Gogarty Martina , Ghobrial Irene M , Crown John , O’Driscoll Lorraine 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
While the treatment of HER2 over-expressing breast cancer with recent HER-targeted drugs has been highly effective for some patients, primary (also known as innate) or acquired resistance limits the success of these drugs. microRNAs have potential as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as replacement therapies. Here we investigated the role of microRNA-630 (miR-630) in breast cancer progression and as a predictive biomarker for response to HER-targeting drugs, ultimately yielding potential as a therapeutic approach to add value to these drugs.

Methods
We investigated the levels of intra- and extracellular miR-630 in cells and conditioned media from breast cancer cell lines with either innate- or acquired- resistance to HER-targeting lapatinib and neratinib, compared to their corresponding drug sensitive cell lines, using qPCR. To support the role of miR-630 in breast cancer, we examined the clinical relevance of this miRNA in breast cancer tumours versus matched peritumours. Transfection of miR-630 mimics and inhibitors was used to manipulate the expression of miR-630 to assess effects on response to HER-targeting drugs (lapatinib, neratinib and afatinib). Other phenotypic changes associated with cellular aggressiveness were evaluated by motility, invasion and anoikis assays. TargetScan prediction software, qPCR, immunoblotting and ELISAs, were used to assess miR-630’s regulation of mRNA, proteins and their phosphorylated forms.

Results
We established that introducing miR-630 into cells with innate- or acquired- resistance to HER-drugs significantly restored the efficacy of lapatinib, neratinib and afatinib; through a mechanism which we have determined to, at least partly, involve miR-630’s regulation of IGF1R. Conversely, we demonstrated that blocking miR-630 induced resistance/insensitivity to these drugs. Cellular motility, invasion, and anoikis were also observed as significantly altered by miR-630 manipulation, whereby introducing miR-630 into cells reduced cellular aggression while inhibition of miR-630 induced a more aggressive cellular phenotype.

Conclusions
Taken together, our findings suggest miR-630 as a key regulator of cancer cell progression in HER2 over-expressing breast cancer, through targeting of IGF1R. This study supports miR-630 as a diagnostic and a predictive biomarker for response to HER-targeted drugs and indicates that the therapeutic addition of miR-630 may enhance and improve patients’ response to HER-targeting drugs.
All-Russia Student Competitions as Intellectual, Creative and Professional Contest-Field for New Talent
Authors: Ананьева Татьяна , Ananeva Tatyana , Илюхина Галина , Ilyukhina Galina , Миронов Владимир , Mironov Vladimir 
Published: March 2014

The article deals with the statutes and regulations concerning organization of and conducting all-Russia
student competitions. The authors consider the prioritized directions of modernization and technological
development of Russian economy and the labour market requirements, identifying the guidelines for
improving the legal base and proposing incentive measures, such as (1) promoting student competitions in the
framework of Russian higher education, (2) conducting contests, intellectual competitions and professional
tournaments, integrating these with high-school pupils competitions, (3) selecting host educational institutions
for competitions, (4) in-class identification of capable students.
Methodology of Creativity as Applied to Higher Professional Education: Fashion Industry Personnel Training
Authors: Ермаков Александр , Ermakov Aleksandr , Сильчева Людмила , Silcheva Lyudmila 
Published: March 2014

The article suggests that professional training of highly qualified personnel for the fashion and beauty
industry should take into account a comprehensive study of the methodology of creativity in a range of
areas that would-be specialists can be engaged in. The methodology of creativity is also implemented in the
creation of fashionable clothing designs and the processes of their establishment in the fashion industry. The
authors consider it plausible to teach disciplines focusing on consumer modeling and finding entrepreneurial
comprehensive solutions to organizational and economic problems typical of the fashion industry.