bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Unique Regioselectivity in the C(sp3)—H α‐Alkylation of Amines: The Benzoxazole Moiety as a Removable Directing Group.
Authors: Lahm Guenther , Opatz Till 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe benzoxazol‐2‐yl substituent is easily introduced by oxidative coupling or nucleophilic substitution and can be removed by hydroxide or by hydride reduction.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone‐Supported Boron Trifluoride: A Mild and Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1,8‐Dioxooctahydroxanthenes and 1,8‐Dioxodecahydroacridines
Authors: Mokhtary Masoud , Mirfarjood Langroudi Seyed Abdollah 
Published: January 2015

Abstractvia simple multicomponent reactions
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polyfluoroalkyl Aza‐Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Enabled by Addition of Perfluoroalkyl Radicals onto Vinyl Azides.
Authors: Wang Yi‐Feng , Lonca Geoffroy Herve , Le Runigo Maiwenn , Chiba Shunsuke 
Published: January 2015

AbstractOxidative radical perfluoromethylation of biarylvinyl azides generates iminyl radicals, which subsequently cyclize to produce various aza‐polycyclic aromatic compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐Induced Rearrangement of Cycloadducts from N‐Aryl Itaconimides and 1,3‐Diphenylisobenzofuran.
Authors: Stepakov Alexander V. , Boitsov Vitaly M. , Larina Anna G. , Molchanov Alexander P. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDiels—Alder adducts generated from imides (I) and benzofuran (II) undergo MesOH mediated rearrangement to form benzoisoquinolinediones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Fluorescence Properties of Benzoxazole‐1,4‐dihydropyridine Dyads Achieved by a Multicomponent Reaction.
Authors: Affeldt Ricardo Ferreira , de Amorim Borges Antonio Cesar , Russowsky Dennis , Rodembusch Fabiano Severo 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThree novel fluorescent compounds (VII), (IX), and (X) are obtained by multicomponent one‐pot Hantzsch reaction of fluorescent aldehyde (V), 1,3‐dicarbonyl compound, and ammonium acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines via a One‐Pot Three‐Component Reaction under Solvent‐Free Mechanochemical Ball‐Milling Conditions.
Authors: Maleki Ali , Javanshir Shahrzad , Naimabadi Maryam 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe advantages of this new method are high yields, mild conditions, short reaction times, high atom‐economy, and easy work‐up.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxadiazolo‐, Pyrimido‐, Imidazolo‐, and Benzimidazolo‐Containing Derivatives of 1,4‐Benzodiazepin‐5‐(4′‐methylpiperazinyl)‐carboxamide Through Phenylamino Spacer.
Authors: Kaur Navjeet , Kishore Dharma 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAll the synthesized compounds show antibacterial and antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Eight‐Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles from O‐Propargylic Oximes by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cascade Reactions.
Authors: Nakamura Itaru , Sato Yoshinori , Takeda Keisuke , Terada Masahiro 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA series of azocine‐1‐oxides (II) is prepared by a Rh‐catalyzed 2,3‐rearrangement/heterocyclization reaction sequence of corresponding O‐propargylic oximes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Borylation of SCF3‐Functionalized Arenes by Rhodium(I) Boryl Complexes: Regioselective C—H Activation at the ortho‐Position.
Authors: Kallaene Sabrina I. , Braun Thomas 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBorylation of arenes (I) in the presence of a rhodium catalyst (RHB) proceeds under mild conditions with a unique regioselectivity for the position ortho to the SCF3 group to give monoborylated products (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Hyalachelins A—C, Unusual Siderophores Isolated from the Terrestrial Myxobacterium Hyalangium minutum.
Authors: Nadmid Suvd , Plaza Alberto , Lauro Gianluigi , Garcia Ronald , Bifulco Giuseppe , Mueller Rolf 
Published: January 2015

Abstractisolation, structure determination and iron chelating activities
ChemInform Abstract: Regiospecific Synthesis of 2‐Halo‐3‐(2′‐glucalyl)benzo[b]thiophenes.
Authors: Kinfe Henok H. , Makolo Felix L. , Adokoh Christian K. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAryl‐S‐glucosides react with chloroform or bromoform via a carbene insertion and a sigmatropic rearrangement to give novel 2‐halo‐3‐glucalyl substituted benzo[b]thiophenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Assembly of C3‐Monosubstituted Chiral Carbazolones and Concise Formal Synthesis of (‐)‐Aspidofractinine: Application of Enantioselective Pd‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Protonation of Carbazolones.
Authors: Zhao Ruirui , Sun Zhongwen , Mo Mingjie , Peng Fangzhi , Shao Zhihui 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe first catalytic enantioselective formal synthesis of (‐)‐aspidofractinine (II) is achieved via key intermediate (I), which is synthesized in only ten steps from commercially available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1,3‐ and 1,4‐Disubstituted Benzo‐Type Lipoxin A4 Analogues.
Authors: Haberlin Gavin G. , McCarthy Ciara , Doran Robert , Loscher Christine E. , Guiry Patrick J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe effect of the eight lipoxin A4 analogues (I) and (II) on cytokines is evaluated with (Ic) and (IId) showing a significant reduction in the production of specific pro‐inflammatory cytokines.
ChemInform Abstract: Hopeachinols E—K, Novel Oligostilbenoids from the Stem Bark of Hopea chinensis.
Authors: Cheng Yi‐Qing , Jiang Rong , Huang Wei , Wei Wei , Chen Chao‐Jun , Tan Ren‐Xiang , Ge Hui‐Ming 
Published: January 2015

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation, and cytotoxicity of five new stilbenolignans, hopeachinols E—I (I)—(III), and two new stilbenoids, hopeachinols J (IVa) and K (IVb)
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Recombinant γ‐Isomerization and Reverse Wacker Oxidation of γ‐Vinyl‐γ‐butyrolactone: Synthesis of (+)‐trans‐, (‐)‐ and (+)‐Disparlures.
Authors: Bethi Venkati , Kattanguru Pullaiah , Fernandes Rodney A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTitle compounds (+)‐trans‐disparlure (I), (+)‐disparlure (II), and the (‐)‐enantiomer of the latter are synthesized from a γ‐vinyl‐γ‐butyrolactone derivative precursor.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of (R)‐Sumanirole Using Organocatalytic Asymmetric Aziridination of an α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehyde.
Authors: Nemoto Tetsuhiro , Hayashi Minami , Xu Dashuang , Hamajima Akinari , Hamada Yasumasa 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTarget compound (IV) is synthesized in 35.8% overall yield and 97% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Dynamic Behavior of Some Iridium Carbonyl Cluster Complexes Derived from Ir4(CO)12 with N‐, P‐ and C‐Donor Ligands: A Survey
Authors: Tassan Augusto , Mozzon Mirto , Facchin Giacomo , Dolmella Alessandro , Detti Serena 
Published: January 2015

AbstractReview: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: What Do We Know about Multicomponent Reactions? Mechanisms and Trends for the Biginelli, Hantzsch, Mannich, Passerini and Ugi MCRs
Authors: Alvim Haline G. O. , da Silva Junior Eufranio N. , Neto Brenno A. D. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractReview: 50 refs.
The Use of hiTRAN Wire Matrix Elements to Improve the Thermal Efficiency of Tubular Heat Exchangers in Single and Two‐Phase Flow
Authors: Drögemüller Peter 
Published: January 2015

AbstractOver the past decades, innovations in the design of heat exchangers have improved thermal process efficiency. hiTRAN wire matrix technology is applied on the tube side of tubular heat exchangers and has been successfully used in a wide range of application, ranging from sensible heating and cooling to condensing and boiling services. The technology is used for both new designs and in revamp situations where it can increase the effectiveness of existing equipment. This review gives the required information to determine the process conditions for the most efficient use of this technology.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Simplified Side Chain Hybrids of the Potent Actin Binding Polyketides Rhizopodin and Bistramide
Authors: Herkommer Daniel , Dreisigacker Sandra , Sergeev Galina , Sasse Florenz , Gohlke Holger , Menche Dirk 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe natural products rhizopodin and bistramide belong to an elite class of highly potent actin binding agents. They show powerful antiproliferative activities against a range of tumor cell lines, with IC50 values in the low‐nanomolar range. At the molecular level they disrupt the actin cytoskeleton by binding specifically to a few critical sites of G‐actin, resulting in actin filament stabilization. The important biological properties of rhizopodin and bistramide, coupled with their unique and intriguing molecular architectures, render them attractive compounds for further development. However, this is severely hampered by the structural complexity of these metabolites. We initiated an interdisciplinary approach at the interface between molecular modeling, organic synthesis, and chemical biology to support further biological applications. We also wanted to expand structure–activity relationship studies with the goal of accessing simplified analogues with potent biological properties. We report computational analyses of actin–inhibitor interactions involving molecular docking, validated on known actin binding ligands, that show a close match between the crystal and modeled structures. Based on these results, the ligand shape was simplified, and more readily accessible rhizopodin–bistramide mimetics were designed. A flexible and modular strategy was applied for the synthesis of these compounds, enabling diverse access to dramatically simplified rhizopodin–bistramide hybrids. This novel analogue class was analyzed for its antiproliferative and actin binding properties.
Expression and cellular localization of the voltage‐gated calcium channel α2δ3 in the rodent retina
Authors: Pérez de Sevilla Müller Luis , Sargoy Allison , Fernández‐Sánchez Laura , Rodriguez Allen , Liu Janelle , Cuenca Nicolás , Brecha Nicholas 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTHigh‐voltage‐activated calcium channels are hetero‐oligomeric protein complexes that mediate multiple cellular processes, including the influx of extracellular Ca2+, neurotransmitter release, gene transcription, and synaptic plasticity. These channels consist of a primary α1 pore‐forming subunit, which is associated with an extracellular α2δ subunit and an intracellular β auxiliary subunit, which alter the gating properties and trafficking of the calcium channel. The cellular localization of the α2δ3 subunit in the mouse and rat retina is unknown. In this study using RT‐PCR, a single band at ∼305 bp corresponding to the predicted size of the α2δ3 subunit fragment was found in mouse and rat retina and brain homogenates. Western blotting of rodent retina and brain homogenates showed a single 123‐kDa band. Immunohistochemistry with an affinity‐purified antibody to the α2δ3 subunit revealed immunoreactive cell bodies in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer and immunoreactive processes in the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer. α2δ3 immunoreactivity was localized to multiple cell types, including ganglion, amacrine, and bipolar cells and photoreceptors, but not horizontal cells. The expression of the α2δ3 calcium channel subunit to multiple cell types suggests that this subunit participates widely in Ca‐channel‐mediated signaling in the retina. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:1443–1460, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphology and connectivity of the small bistratified A8 amacrine cell in the mouse retina
Authors: Lee Sammy C.S. , Meyer Arndt , Schubert Timm , Hüser Laura , Dedek Karin , Haverkamp Silke 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTAmacrine cells comprise ∼30 morphological types in the mammalian retina. The synaptic connectivity and function of a few γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic wide‐field amacrine cells have recently been studied; however, with the exception of the rod pathway‐specific AII amacrine cell, the connectivity of glycinergic small‐field amacrine cells has not been investigated in the mouse retina. Here, we studied the morphology and connectivity pattern of the small‐field A8 amacrine cell. A8 cells in mouse retina are bistratified with lobular processes in the ON sublamina and arboreal dendrites in the OFF sublamina of the inner plexiform layer. The distinct bistratified morphology was first visible at postnatal day 8, reaching the adult shape at P13, around eye opening. The connectivity of A8 cells to bipolar cells and ganglion cells was studied by double and triple immunolabeling experiments by using various cell markers combined with synaptic markers. Our data suggest that A8 amacrine cells receive glutamatergic input from both OFF and ON cone bipolar cells. Furthermore, A8 cells are coupled to ON cone bipolar cells by gap junctions, and provide inhibitory input via glycine receptor (GlyR) subunit α1 to OFF cone bipolar cells and to ON A‐type ganglion cells. Measurements of spontaneous glycinergic postsynaptic currents and GlyR immunolabeling revealed that A8 cells express GlyRs containing the α2 subunit. The results show that the bistratified A8 cell makes very similar synaptic contacts with cone bipolar cells as the rod pathway‐specific AII amacrine cell. However, unlike AII cells, A8 amacrine cells provide glycinergic input to ON A‐type ganglion cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:1529–1547, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex associated with orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Authors: Sood Mandeep , Lee Jye‐Chang , Avivi‐Arber Limor , Bhatt Poolak , Sessle Barry J. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTOrthodontic tooth movement (OTM) causes transient pain and changes in the dental occlusion that may lead to altered somatosensory inputs and patterns of mastication. This study used intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) and electromyographic (EMG) recordings to test whether neuroplastic changes occur in the ICMS‐defined motor representations of left and right anterior digastric (LAD, RAD), masseter, buccinator, and genioglossus (GG) muscles within the rat's face primary motor cortex (face‐M1) and adjacent face primary somatosensory cortex (face‐S1) during OTM. Analyses included any changes in the number of ICMS sites representing these muscles and in the onset latencies of ICMS‐evoked responses in the muscles. Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into experimental (E), sham (S), and naive (N) groups; OTM was induced in the E group. Statistical analyses involved a mixed model repeated‐measures analysis of variance (MMRM ANOVA). OTM resulted in significant neuroplastic changes in the number of positive sites in the E group for LAD, RAD, and GG muscles in face‐M1 and face‐S1 at days 1, 7, and 28 of continuous orthodontic force application, and in the number of sites in face‐M1 from which ICMS could simultaneously evoke EMG responses in different combinations of LAD, RAD, and GG muscles. However, the onset latencies of ICMS‐evoked responses were not significantly different between groups or between face‐M1 and face‐S1. The neuroplastic changes documented in this study may reflect adaptive sensorimotor changes in response to the altered environment in the oral cavity induced by OTM. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:1548–1568, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The α2‐subunit of the nicotinic cholinergic receptor is specifically expressed in medial subpallium‐derived cells of mammalian amygdala
Authors: Pombero Ana , Martinez Salvador 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTNicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes are expressed in specific neuronal populations, which are involved in numerous neural functions such as sleep, fatigue, anxiety, and cognition, as well as the central processing of pain and food intake. Moreover, mutations in nAChRs subunits have been related to frontal lobe epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, and other neurological disorders, including schizophrenia and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous studies have shown that the α2‐subunit of the AChR (Chrna2) is expressed in the basal forebrain, in the septum, and in some amygdalar nuclei in the adult rodent brain. However, although the importance of this amygdalar expression in emotion‐related behavior and the physiopathology of neuropsychiatric disorders has been accepted, a detailed study of the Chrna2 expression pattern during development has been lacking. In this study we found that Chrna2 is specifically expressed in medial subpallium‐derived amygdalar nuclei from early developmental stages to adult. This finding could help us to better understand the role of Chrna2 in the differentiation and functional maturation of amygdalar neurons involved in cholinergic‐regulated emotional behavior. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:1608–1621, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Geometrical features assessment of liver's tumor with application of artificial neural network evolved by imperialist competitive algorithm
Authors: Keshavarz M. , Mojra A. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryGeometrical features of a cancerous tumor embedded in biological soft tissue, including tumor size and depth, are a necessity in the follow‐up procedure and making suitable therapeutic decisions. In this paper, a new socio‐politically motivated global search strategy which is called imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is implemented to train a feed forward neural network (FFNN) to estimate the tumor's geometrical characteristics (FFNNICA). First, a viscoelastic model of liver tissue is constructed by using a series of in vitro uniaxial and relaxation test data. Then, 163 samples of the tissue including a tumor with different depths and diameters are generated by making use of PYTHON programming to link the ABAQUS and MATLAB together. Next, the samples are divided into 123 samples as training dataset and 40 samples as testing dataset. Training inputs of the network are mechanical parameters extracted from palpation of the tissue through a developing noninvasive technology called artificial tactile sensing (ATS). Last, to evaluate the FFNNICA performance, outputs of the network including tumor's depth and diameter are compared with desired values for both training and testing datasets. Deviations of the outputs from desired values are calculated by a regression analysis. Statistical analysis is also performed by measuring Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Efficiency (E). RMSE in diameter and depth estimations are 0.50 mm and 1.49, respectively, for the testing dataset. Results affirm that the proposed optimization algorithm for training neural network can be useful to characterize soft tissue tumors accurately by employing an artificial palpation approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A finite element parametric study of clavicle fixation plates
Authors: Pendergast Megan , Rusovici Razvan 
Published: January 2015

SummaryA finite element simulation on a fracture fixated clavicle was performed to study the effects of different fracture fixation parameters on the callus region. Specifically, parameters such as plate material, thickness, plate/bone gap, screw length, and locking vs. non‐locking screws were explored. Plate thickness and locking vs. non‐locking screws were found to be influential to construct stiffness where plate/bone gap and number of screws were not as sensitive. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐Assembled Cage‐Like Protein Structures
Authors: Putri Rindia M. , Cornelissen Jeroen J. L. M. , Koay Melissa S. T. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractProteins and protein‐based assemblies represent the most structurally and functionally diverse molecules found in nature. Protein cages, viruses and bacterial microcompartments are highly organized structures that are composed primarily of protein building blocks and play important roles in molecular ion storage, nucleic acid packaging and catalysis. The outer and inner surface of protein cages can be modified, either chemically or genetically, and the internal cavity can be used to template, store and arrange molecular cargo within a defined space. Owing to their structural, morphological, chemical and thermal diversity, protein cages have been investigated extensively for applications in nanotechnology, nanomedicine and materials science. Here we provide a concise overview of the most common icosahedral viral and nonviral assemblies, their role in nature, and why they are highly attractive scaffolds for the encapsulation of functional materials.
Enhancement of Photophysical and Photosensitizing Properties of Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide by Mutagenesis of the C‐Terminal Extension of a Bacterial Flavodoxin Reductase
Authors: Valle Lorena , Abatedaga Inés , Vieyra Faustino E. Morán , Bortolotti Ana , Cortez Néstor , Borsarelli Claudio D. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe role of the mobile C‐terminal extension present in Rhodobacter capsulatus ferredoxin–NADP(H) reductase (RcFPR) was evaluated using steady‐state and dynamic spectroscopies for both intrinsic Trp and FAD in a series of mutants in the absence of NADP(H). Deletion of the six C‐terminal amino acids beyond Ala266 was combined with the replacement A266Y to emulate the structure of plastidic reductases. Our results show that these modifications of the wild‐type RcFPR produce subtle global conformational changes, but strongly reduce the local rigidity of the FAD‐binding pocket, exposing the isoalloxazine ring to the solvent. Thus, the ultrafast charge‐transfer quenching of 1FAD* by the conserved Tyr66 residue was absent in the mutant series, producing enhancement of the excited singlet‐ and triplet‐state properties of FAD. This work highlights the delicate balance of the specific interactions between FAD and the surrounding amino acids, and how the functionality and/or photostability of redox flavoproteins can be modified.
Photophysics of a Ruthenium 4H‐Imidazole Panchromatic Dye in Interaction with Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Schindler Julian , Kupfer Stephan , Wächtler Maria , Guthmuller Julien , Rau Sven , Dietzek Benjamin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe photophysics of bis(4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine‐κ2N,N′)[2‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4,5‐bis(p‐tolylimino‐κN)imidazolato]ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate is investigated, both in solution and attached to a nanocrystalline TiO2 film. The studied substitution pattern of the 4H‐imidazole ligand is observed to block a photoinduced structural reorganization pathway within the 4H‐imidazole ligand that has been previously investigated. Protonation at the 4H‐imidazole ring decreases the excited‐state lifetime in solution. When the unprotonated dye is anchored to TiO2, photoinduced electron injection occurs from thermally nonrelaxed triplet metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) states with a characteristic time constant of 0.5 ps and an injection efficiency of roughly 25 %. Electron injection from the subsequently populated thermalized 3MLCT state of the dye does not take place. The energy of this state seems to be lower than the conduction band edge of TiO2.