bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social marketing of fall prevention classes to older adults through Churches: cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: DiGuiseppi C , Thoreson S , Goss C. , Marosits M , Lezotte D , Clark L 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundOlder adult falls are a leading cause of injuries, disability, and death. Participation in balance/strength classes prevents falls, but few older adults take these classes.Aims/Objectives/PurposeWe tested whether marketing of community balance/strength classes to older adults through churches increased participation.MethodsIn two study counties, 51 churches were randomly allocated to intervention or control. We partnered with intervention churches to market N'Balance, an 8-week balance/strength class. The social marketing programme highlighted benefits (e.g., independence) and reduced barriers (e.g., cost) to class participation. Participants in all 34 N'Balance classes held in study counties during the 21-month study period were asked age, church attended, and prior classes taken (97% response); 195 first-time N'Balance participants aged 60+ attended study churches. Mean numbers of first-time participants aged 60+, and mean proportions of adults aged 60+ who participated, in intervention vs control churches, were compared using zero-inflated negative binomial regression and Wilcoxon Two-Sample Test, respectively.Results/OutcomesIntervention (n=26) and control (n=25) churches demonstrated similar size, denomination and other characteristics. The mean number of participants from intervention churches was higher than from control churches (7.0 vs 0.5, RR=11.2 [95% CI 7.5 to 16.8], p<0.0001). The mean proportion of older adults from intervention churches who participated was higher than from control churches (9.8% vs 0.2%; Z=−4.47, p<0.001).Significance/Contribution to the FieldMarketing balance/strength classes through churches effectively motivates older adults to enrol in such classes. Testing the social marketing programme in other locales is needed to determine its wider applicability for promoting balance/strength classes to prevent older adult falls.
Product safety—so who is responsible?
Authors: Martin Rushton 
Published: October 2012

Product safety concerns—both real and perceived—are increasing around the world both numerically and in complexity. Scientific discoveries and technologies rapidly flow through to consumer products incorporating innovative and novel features being placed on the market.Against that backdrop product safety practitioners are frequently confronted with having to assess and manage risks with limited data and experience to draw upon, compounded by fiscal constraints that feature in many jurisdictions.There are no ‘quick fixes’. It is easy to say that there should be laws or standards covering these issues. The breadth and diversity of products on offer to consumers who demand innovation inevitably means that legislation and standards development will be playing ‘catch up’. Proponents of a precautionary approach suggest that unless a product is proven to be 100% safe it ought not to be on sale. Proving a negative is notoriously difficult.Given these realities, who is responsible and how can the risks around consumer products be best mitigated?This presentation is aimed at prompting debate around these issues with the presenter drawing experience gained over 30 years as a product safety regulator in the UK and more recently in New Zealand. Using examples of current product safety issues to illustrate these challenges; the presentation will point towards a multi-faceted based around a greater sharing of roles and responsibilities amongst stakeholders from governments, businesses and NGOs through to consumers themselves.
Prioritising children product safety initiatives based on frequency, severity & product causality: a secondary data analysis of Queensland injury surveillance unit data
Authors: Limbong J , McKenzie K , Scott D , Walker S 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundIn product safety system and injury prevention fields, resource allocations are prioritised to issues with high frequency, severity and preventability. Based on these indicators, injury surveillance data are expected to provide evidence-based information to support product safety system.AimThe research aimed to inform product safety prioritisation based on three indicators (frequency, injury severity and product causality) using Queensland injury surveillance data.MethodsA secondary analysis of Queensland paediatric injury data (2008–2010) was conducted to identify product safety issues. Priority areas were identified based on frequency, injury severity (i.e. urgency and admission rate) and product causality.ResultsIn terms of frequency, fall-related injury was identified as the most common injury mechanism accounting for 35% of all paediatric injuries with high peaks in age groups 1–3 and 10–13-years-old. Based on urgency and admission rate, injuries due to suffocation and chemical effect were identified as the most severe injury mechanisms. Product causality was highest in falls and foreign body-related injuries with high proportion of product being the main cause of injury (49% and 43%, respectively). Based on all indicators, the study identified several product safety priority areas targeting injuries due to fall, chemical effects and foreign body.Contribution to the FieldThis study provides information on the techniques of interrogating injury data to identify trends and patterns of product-related injury. Currently, injury data are still underutilised to inform product safety initiatives. This study advocates the use of injury data to support the evidence-based product safety initiatives.
Development of consumer product design tools for considering child safety
Authors: Nishida Y , Asaka T , Yamanaka T 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundTools for supporting design of consumer products that is safe for children is strongly needed. Conventionally, toy companies and other child related consumer product manufacturers developed such tools by themselves. However medium and small companies whose main products are not for children have difficulty in developing such tools by themselves.PurposeThis study develops commonly usable tools for childsafe consumer products design even if main users of the products are not children.MethodsThe authors developed some tools for supporting childsafe consumer product design using the measure data of 2228 children's aged 6 months old to 13-years-old by cooperating human engineering researchers with product designers. These data have been accumulated by Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life (HQL) and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) since 2005 in Japan. The data includes over 50 kinds of body measurements.ResultsThe authors developed a data book on the measure of Japanese child (Fig. 1), a portable measure of child (Fig. 2), and portable absolute scale models of child (Fig. 3). For example, the portable measure of child draws the thickness of the index finger of 1-year-old child as well as it can be used as an ordinary scale. At this moment, 1 to 6-year-old measures are available.SignificanceThis study developed commonly usable tools for childsafe consumer products design. The authors plan to disseminate the developed tools through seminar, publication, and lecture at colleges and professional schools.
Say cheese!—equestrian helmet use in publication photos of horse organisations
Authors: Jennissen C , Waheed S , Harland K , Denning G 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundEquestrian helmets are effective in preventing head injuries, but use remains low. The media can have a great impact on injury prevention both positively and negatively by their portrayal of protective safety equipment or lack thereof.Aims/Objectives/PurposeTo determine the equestrian helmet use of individuals pictured in horse organisation promotional materials.MethodsLiterature was requested from horse organisations. Photographs in the materials received were reviewed for equestrian helmet use and analysed.Results/Outcomes113 of 335 organisations responded and 95 sent publications. 2004 photos with 2738 people were evaluated. The highest equestrian helmet use was by children, and teen helmet use was generally portrayed more frequently than in adults. The lowest rate was in the elderly (14.6%). Helmet use was highest in photos that depicted competition-jumping (87.9%). Competition-riding and pleasure-riding helmet use was only 30.0% and 34.5%, respectively. No one who was pictured while working on, with or while on a horse was shown with an equestrian helmet; nor was anyone in a parade. Adults riding with children did have a higher rate of wearing an equestrian helmet than adults who were pleasure-riding in general (44.2% vs 23.2%).Significance/Contribution to the FieldPhotographs in horse organisation literature often show people not wearing helmets during equine-related activities. Horse organszations have the ability to define equestrian helmet use as normative behaviour by always portraying people with helmets in their published materials. Developing an equestrian safety culture of routine helmet use should decrease the number of serious head injuries experienced by horse enthusiasts.
Bridging the gap between research evidence and real-world implementation: the nogaps project
Authors: Gabbe B , Cook J , Lloyd D , Donaldson A , Young W , Finch C 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundThere is an increasing momentum to develop, widely implement and evaluate evidence-based injury prevention programmes in sport. However, navigating the literature to evaluate the evidence, and bridging the gap between the research environment and the real-world implementation context, is challenging.Aims/Objectives/PurposeThis study aimed to develop an evidence-based lower limb injury prevention exercise programme for implementation and evaluation in community Australian football.MethodsDevelopment of the programme involved a systematic review of the literature including consideration of compliance, cost, adverse effects, uptake and feasibility. The review was used to develop a draft exercise-based programme (FootyFirst) to prevent hamstring, hip/groin, knee and ankle injuries. The programme was presented to stakeholders in Australian football for feedback through a Delphi process and then field tested for feasibility. The final programme was then implemented in two football leagues under two conditions (fully supported and programme only), with a third league acting as a control.Results/OutcomeThe evidence-base for lower limb injury prevention strategies was limited, making direct extrapolation of research findings to programme content challenging. Three rounds of the Delphi process were required before consensus of the programme content was achieved. Further modifications were made after field testing. The programme was implemented in time for the 2012 season.Significance/Contribution to the FieldDeveloping a comprehensive programme with a strong foundation in the published research evidence was challenging, requiring many modifications and extensive consultation to develop a programme with face validity and a strong probability of uptake. The effectiveness FootyFirst is currently being evaluated.
Sports-related concussion among high school athletes in West Central Florida
Authors: Jang S , Liller KD , Konin J , Morris B , Wong S 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundSports concussion among children and adolescents has been recognised as an important public health concern. Research shows that these groups are at increased risk for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)-related issues such as delayed recovery and long-term sequelae.Aims/Objectives/PurposeThe purpose of this study was to collect and report concussion data from high school athletes enrolled in four public high schools in west-central Florida.MethodsSports-related injury data (including concussion incidence) were collected from 9 August to 12 December 2010 utilising professional sports injury surveillance software. The surveillance system captured exposure and risk factor information of high school athletes. Four certified athletic trainers (ATCs) were hired by the Sports Medicine and Athletic Related Trauma (SMART) Institute of the University of South Florida to collect the data. The ATCs exported the information to the university once a week for analysis.Results/OutcomeThere were 24 sports-related concussions reported during the data collection period. The majority of concussions took place during football competitions and practices (87.5%). The concussed athletes were mostly males (95.83%) and juniors (33.33%) followed by freshman (25%). The leading level of play for injury was varsity (66.67%) followed by junior varsity (JV) (33.33%). The leading concussion symptom was headache (21.59%) followed by dizziness/unsteadiness (15.91%) and sensitivity to light/visual disturbances (11.36%). The leading reported concussion time was 1–3 days (37.5%). Players returned to play mostly within 7–9 days (68.75%).Significance/Contribution to the FieldThese data will serve to inform future research and practice to prevent concussions among high school athletes.
Barriers to helmet use for drivers of all-terrain vehicles
Authors: Lauren Adams , Mary Aitken , James Graham , Hope Mullins , Mechelle Winslow , Vance Layce , Brann Maria 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundInjuries from all-terrain vehicles (ATV) often result in head injuries with substantial risk of death and disability. Despite these risks, helmet use is less than 50%.ObjectiveTo identify barriers to helmet use in ATV users.MethodsModerator guides were framed using the health belief model of behaviour change. Focus groups were conducted with adolescent and adult ATV users to discuss ATV use. Transcript-based analysis was used, and data was managed using HyperRESEARCH(2.8.3). The transcribed data was coded to identify important themes.Results11 focus groups were conducted with 58 participants, who discussed use patterns, current safety practices, and barriers to using helmets. Preliminary themes were a lack of perceived risk of ATV injury and underestimation of likely injury severity. Less frequently, barriers included helmet discomfort, cost, and inconvenience. Suggested solutions were helmet laws for riders <18 years old, helmet redesign, and development of visual aids/crash simulations to convey dangers of ATV use.ConclusionsOur study identifies risk misperception among ATV riders. Injury prevention should focus on education regarding risks of unsafe ATV behaviours and the danger of the vehicles themselves. Once risks are better understood by users, other interventions including helmet redesign and distribution may be more effective.
WAI wise: a fun, practical and effective water safety experience for young adults
Authors: Willcox S , Butt P , Hakaraia-Tino T , Sullivan B , Hudson R 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundYouth are one of the most at-risk groups of drowning. From 2006–2010, 447 people drowned in New Zealand (NZ), of which 16% were aged 15–24 years.In Auckland, 104 people drowned in the same period; 23% Pacific Island people, 13% Maori and 6% Asian, all high risk groups for drowning.To address drowning within these groups,Wai Wisewas developed in partnership with Sport Waitakere, Safe Waitakere, Surf Life Saving NZ and WaterSafe Auckland, funded by Sport NZ.Wai Wisespecifically targets Pacific Island, Maori and Asian youth in Waitakere (West Auckland).Aims/Objectives/Purpose• To increase the skills, knowledge and confidence of youth for safer participation in aquatic activities• Develop role models for promoting safety messages throughout the community.MethodWai Wiseis delivered over a 6–8 week period through both theory and practical sessions in the classroom, pool and outdoor environments.Results and Outcomes- 168 youth have completedWai Wise- Participants report significantly increasing their water safety knowledge and survival skills- Participants report significantly increasing their confidence around water- 24 young ‘leaders’ trained to promote safer behaviour and attitudes among their communities- Wider outcomes include improvedhaoura(health and wellbeing) of participantsSignificance/ContributionThis innovative approach combining practical pool and beach sessions, classroom learning and application through an aquatic activity develops critical thinking and decision making. Participants are able to assess and minimise risks of the activity or environment that could lead to injury or death and be role models to create safer communities for the future.
Pools2Schools – A watersafe Auckland Initiative for school aquatic education
Authors: Chris Burton , Teresa Stanley 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe Pools2Schools programme aimed to deliver a multi-dimensional aquatics education programme within a cluster of schools. Funded by Sport Auckland, the programme consisted of professional development for teachers, poolside support, provision of classroom resources and extracurricular activities.Aims/Objectives/PurposeThe aim being up-skilling the teachers to meet the requirements of the New Zealand Curriculum, to ensure students have the opportunity to learn basic aquatic skills and increase participation.MethodsClasses mostly consisted of fundamental skill development in swimming and water safety, with extracurricular sessions consisting of aquatic sports including squad coaching, flippa ball, snorkelling, surf lifesaving, as well as remedial classes. Ten organisations have been involved in the programme, with around 2100 students taking part across 11 schools. For schools in the cluster without a pool, a portable pool was used.Results/Outcome‘Our staff, students and community benefited from our participation in this project in a number of different ways. I am of the opinion that this is mostly due to having a facilitator working with the teachers, providing professional guidance at all times. This support is in addition to the professional development staff meetings we had. Very few projects have this level of support and professional development for staff and the results are a reflection of this’—Principal.Significance/Contribution to the FieldThe programme has had many positive outcomes for students, schools and the wider community. Students have had huge increases in swimming, water safety skills. Teachers have noted development in their ability and confidence to deliver aquatic programmes. Parents mentioned the positive outlook the students now have about swimming.
Development and evaluation of campaigns to reduce rip current-related beach drowning in Australia
Authors: Hatfield J , Williamson A , Brander R , Sherker S , Hayen A , Dunn N 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundRip currents are involved in a high proportion of beach drowning and rescue incidents. The most common type of rips in Australia is a fixed rip that appears as a darker, calmer area between regions of breaking waves. People who swim in unpatrolled areas may be endangered by a lack of knowledge about rips – for example choosing to swim in a rip because it looked calm and safe.AimsThis research aimed to develop and evaluate the ‘Don't get sucked in by the rip’ campaign to improve beachgoer knowledge and recognition of calm-looking rip currents, and to reduce intentions to swim in such rips.MethodsIn Study 1, beachgoers were interviewed in an intervention and a control area 1 year before, immediately after, and approximately 6 months after, print-based campaign materials were distributed in the intervention area. Study 2 compared i-pad presentations featuring photographs versus videos of calm-looking rips, using pre- and post-surveys with beachgoers.Results/OutcomeStudy 1 demonstrated reasonable penetration and resulted in improved knowledge and behaviours related to rip currents. These improvements were maintained at follow-up. Study 2 indicates whether video-based campaigns improve on the impacts of picture-based campaigns.SignificanceIt appears to be common that people drown when they choose to swim in rips inadvertently because the rip looks calm and a safe place to swim. Such drowning might be avoided by relatively simple campaigns designed to improve knowledge and recognition of commonly occurring fixed rip currents.
Aquatic safety signage recognition and comprehension
Authors: Andronaco R , Matthews B , Grace S , Adams A , Arrowsmith C 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundAquatic safety signs are designed to alert potential users of aquatic related hazards such as strong currents (rips), submerged rocks or dangerous marine life. Failure to recognise and understand aquatic safety signage may lead to serious consequences such as drowning or spinal injury. Limited research exists regarding effective aquatic safety signage and the extent of compliance with signs.AimsThis study aims to determine the extent of recognition and understanding of aquatic safety signage at Victorian beaches.MethodsInterviews were conducted with coastal recreation users at two bay and two ocean beaches in Victoria from February to April 2012. Participants aged 18 years or over were invited to participate in the study. Three different signage conditions were used; no signage, composite or single signs, and broken down signage. A questionnaire was developed to measure: hazard identification, likely consequences, and perceived injury severity resulting from the hazards identified; observations regarding beach hazard symbols, comprehension of the meaning of the symbols and whether changing the shape of the warning sign affects interpretation of the message.Results531 beachgoers responded to the survey. Of the beaches where signage was in place 45% of people observed the signage. Signage composition and hazard symbol shape did not affect recognition.SignificanceThe outcomes of this research provided data from which to model the design of aquatic safety signage placed on beaches. It also provides insight into signage effectiveness as a risk treatment option.
Drowning in the great lakes of Uganda: a neglected problem
Authors: Mable Nakitto , Bonnie Wandera , Ronald Lett 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundDrowning has continued to be one of the leading causes of injury deaths in the great lakes of Uganda. Activities of boat transportation and commercial fishing have contributed to drowning. There are neither community studies nor mandatory death registrations to drowning related data.AimTo compare drowning and near drowning cases reported in the hospital trauma registries and the print media in the year 2010 in Uganda.MethodsPrint media reports in four English newspaper magazines in Uganda (one government owned and three private owned), published between January and July 2010 were reviewed and compared these with reported drowning and near drowning cases recorded in a nationwide regional hospital based trauma registry.Results98 persons were reported in four newspapers. 61(62.2%) drowning deaths were confirmed while a total of 21(21.4%) were near drowning cases. There was inconclusive information regarding the survival and or rescue of the remaining 16 (16.3%) persons. 2834 trauma registry cases in the same period of 2010, indicated three (0.1%) cases were recorded. All these were near drowning cases.SignificanceThere is limited information on the burden of drowning as a result of no systematic process to record and track drowning related incidents and deaths. Hospital trauma registries under estimate the drowning cases thus systematic community based surveys are needed to quantify the burden of drowning and act as a baseline research for drowning interventional research in Uganda.