bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4‐Chloro‐(11b)‐dinaphtho[2,1‐d:1′,2′‐f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin‐4‐selenide
Authors: Murai Toshiaki 
Published: July 2024

image

[863024‐69‐5]

C
20
H
12
ClO
2
PSe

(MW 429.71)

InChI =
1S/C20H12ClO2PSe/c21‐24(25)22‐17‐11‐9‐13‐5‐1‐3‐7‐15(13)19(17)20‐16‐8‐4‐2‐6‐14(16)10‐12‐18(20)23‐24/h1‐12H

InChIKey =
WZQNXJRLUUZRMH‐UHFFFAOYSA‐N

4‐Chloro‐(11b
R
)‐dinaphtho[2,1‐d:1′,2′‐f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin‐4‐selenide

image

[863024‐82‐2]

C
20
H
12
ClO
2
PSe

(MW 429.71)

InChI =
1S/C20H12ClO2PSe/c21‐24(25)22‐17‐11‐9‐13‐5‐1‐3‐7‐15(13)19(17)20‐16‐8‐4‐2‐6‐14(16)10‐12‐18(20)23‐24/h1‐12H

InChIKey =
WZQNXJRLUUZRMH‐UHFFFAOYSA‐N

4‐Chloro‐(11b
S
)‐dinaphtho[2,1‐d:1′,2′‐f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin‐4‐selenide

Physical Data
: white solid; mp 240–241 °C.

Solubility
: stably soluble in aprotic organic solvents.

Form Supplied in
: not commercially available.

Analysis of Reagent Purity
: IR (KBr): 3006, 1588, 1509, 1460, 1433, 1355, 1214, 1190, 1157, 1142, 1067, 969, 946, 868, 840, 806, 769, 749, 705, and 652 cm
−1
;
1
H NMR (CDCl
3
): d 7.22–8.32 (m, 12
H
, C
20
H
12
);
13
C NMR (CDCl
3
): d 120.4, 121.1, 122.4, 122.6, 126.3, 126.9, 127.0, 127.1, 127.2, 128.7, 131.3, 131.4, 132.0, 132.2, 132.3, 132.5, 146.5, 146.6, 147.8, and 148.0 (Ar);
31
P NMR (CDCl
3
): d 69.0 (
1
J
P‐Se
= 1060.9 Hz);
77
Se NMR (CDCl
3
): δ −69.2 (d,
1
J
P‐Se
= 1060.9 Hz).

Preparative Method
: phosphorus trichloride in toluene solution was treated with triethylamine, (
R
ax
)‐1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol (8.58 g, 30 mmol), and powdered selenium.

1,2

Purification
: purified by column chromatography on silica gel with hexane:CH
2
Cl
2
as the eluent.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions
: the product can be stored for long periods below room temperature under an inert gas atmosphere. In some cases, the product exhibits pink color, which is indicative of the contamination of amorphous selenium, but it can be used for further reaction. Additionally, it gradually hydrolyzes on exposure to moisture in the air. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, oxidizing, and reducing agents.
N
‐Sulfinyltrimethylsilylamine
Authors: Ding Mingyan , Willis Michael 
Published: July 2024

image

[7522‐26‐1]

C
3
H
9
NOSSi

(MW 135.3)

InChI =
1S/C3H9NOSSi/c1‐7(2,3)4‐6‐5/h1‐3H3

InChIKey =
RFMSRGPUQNDFNS‐UHFFFAOYSA‐N

(used as a sulfurdiimidation, sulfinamidation, or sulfinylamination reagent for the synthesis of aza‐sulfur compounds, as a dienophile in Diels–Alder reactions, and as a dipolarophile in (3 + 2) cycloadditions)

Alternative Names
: 1,1,1‐trimethyl‐
N
‐sulfinylsilanamine, silylamine, 1,1,1‐trimethyl‐
N
‐sulfinyl‐, (sulfinylamino)trimethylsilane, (trimethylsilyl)sulfinylamine, (trimethylsilyl)sulfinylimide, 1,1,1‐trimethyl‐
N
‐sulfinylsilylamine,
N
‐(trimethylsilyl)sulfinylimide,
N
‐trimethylsilylsulfinylimine,
N
‐sulfinyl trimethylsilanamine, ((trimethylsilyl)imino)‐λ
4
‐sulfanone, and TMS‐NSO.

Physical Data
: mp −78 °C,

1

bp 108–110 °C (760 mmHg),

1

and  = 1.4258.

2

Solubility
: miscible with common organic solvents including THF, Et
2
O, CH
2
Cl
2
, CHCl
3
, toluene, and benzene.

Form Supplied in
: colorless liquid; commercially available.

Analysis of Reagent Purity
: spectroscopic data: IR,

1,3

Raman,

3

NMR (
1
H,
13
C,
14
N,
17
O,
29
Si),

3

and mass spectra.

1,3

Preparative Method
: TMS‐NSO is prepared from the reaction of (SiMe
3
)
3
N and SOCl
2
in anhydrous CH
2
Cl
2
at room temperature for 20 h,

4

or from PhSNSO by heating with Me
3
SiSPh at 100 °C for 1 h.

2

Distillation then affords TMS‐NSO.

Purification
: distillation.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions
: TMS‐NSO is sensitive to moisture and air, and its use after storage is challenging.
4‐Nitrophenyl(2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)carbonate
Authors: Wipf Peter , Wu Hongdi 
Published: July 2024

image

[2247828‐39‐1]

C
16
H
22
N
2
O
5

(MW 322.36)

InChI =
1S/C16H22N2O5/c1‐15(2)10‐5‐11‐16(3,4)18(15)23‐14(19)22‐13‐8‐6‐12(7‐9‐13)17(20)21/h6‐9H,5,10‐11H2,1‐4H3

InChIKey =
BLPUJYUQJJCBHB‐UHFFFAOYSA‐N

(a reagent for the reversible introduction of the 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxycarbonyl (“Tempoc”) group at nucleophilic sites

1

)

Alternative Names
: carbonic acid, 4‐nitrophenyl 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyl ester; NPTC.

Physical Data
: colorless solid; mp 137–139 °C (dec.).

1

Solubility
: sol CH
2
Cl
2
, CHCl
3
, THF, hexane, acetonitrile, acetone, and DMF, among others.

Form Supplied in
: commercial >95% (NMR, LC‐MS) and solid.

1

Preparative Methods
: 4‐nitrophenyl(2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)carbonate (NPTC,
1
) can be prepared from 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl (TEMPO) by in situ reduction with ascorbic acid to 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐ol followed by coupling with 4‐nitrophenyl chloroformate in high yield.

1

The reagent has been reported to be stable at rt.

1,2

Purification
: crystallization and chromatography on silica.

1

Handling, Storage, and Precautions
: anhydrous conditions and storage at 2–8 °C are recommended. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis demonstrated an exotherm of 70 cal g
−1
at an onset temperature of 135 °C.

2
Zirconium Tetrachloride
Authors: Gundersen Lise‐Lotte , Rise Frode , Undheim Kjell , Le Huérou Yvan , Singh Ritu , Albers Sanne L. , Streuff Jan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

image

[

10026‐11‐6

]

Cl
4
Zr

(MW 233.02)

InChI =
1S/4ClH.Zr/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p‐4

InChIKey =
DUNKXUFBGCUVQW‐UHFFFAOYSA‐J

(Lewis acid)

Physical Data
: subl. 331 °C, mp 437 °C/25 atm;
d
2.803 g cm
−3
.

Solubility
: sol alcohol, ether.

Form Supplied in
: white solid; widely available.

Purification
: crystallize repeatedly from conc hydrochloric acid.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions
: extremely hygroscopic; decomposed by water to ZrOCl
2
and HCl. Reagent causes burns, and is harmful if inhaled or swallowed or if it comes in contact with skin. It is stable at high temperatures under N
2
, H
2
, or O
2
. Use in a fume hood.
Controllable Growth of Crystal Facets Enables Superb Cycling Stability of Anode Material for Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Lu , Li Yi , Wang Bin , Jing Zhongxin , Chen Ming , Zhai Yanjun , Kong Zhen , Iqbal Sikandar , Zeng Suyuan , Sun Xiuping , Chen Yanpeng , Dou Jianmin , Xu Liqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo enrich the crystal growth strategies for the booming applications concerning lattice structure, a preferred facet‐growth method is proposed for solvothermal synthesis of target (BiO)2CO3 in the two‐phase system. The dominant crystal phase can be regulated from α‐Fe2O3 to (BiO)2CO3 by properly increasing dosage of Bi feedstock, and the optimized composite is composed of (BiO)2CO3 nanocrystal (≈10 nm) and amorphous iron oxide (defined as “FOB‐50”). Based on experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations, the highly matched lattice between (006)/(0012) facets of α‐Fe2O3 and {010} facet group of (BiO)2CO3 involving orientation of Fe─O─Fe bond and Bi─O─Bi bond is verified to facilitate the interaction between the above facets, resulting in preferred growth of {010} dominated by (040) facet in (BiO)2CO3 and its composites. The structural merits can not only enable the FOB‐50‐based electrodes to achieve a high capacity and unprecedentedly stable cyclic performances for 1500 cycles/a long time‐span of 32 months as anode materials, but also ensure the full‐cell to well inherit the electrochemical features of the cathode in potassium ion batteries (PIBs). This work can provide new insight into lattice regulation for bismuth‐based materials and expand their application as electrodes for high performance PIBs and lithium ion batteries.
Hypervalent Iodine (III)‐Based Complexation for Chiroptical Supramolecular Glass, Deep Eutectic Solvent and Luminescent Switch
Authors: An Shuguo , Hao Aiyou , Xing Pengyao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHypervalent iodine(III) have widely been utilized for organic synthetic reagents. They are also recognized as positive charge‐assisted, exceptionally robust biaxial halogen bond donors, while their potential in supramolecular materials is barely explored. This work reports a cyclic diaryliodonium ion as biaxial halogen bonding donor that displays remarkable binding affinity toward phenanthroline or acridine acceptors with chiral pendants. Biaxial halogen bonding enables chiroptical evolution in solution, allowing for rational control over supramolecular chirality. Leveraging their strong binding affinity, the halogen bonding complexes manifested amorphous properties and deep eutectic behavior in the solid state. Capitalizing on these attributes, this work achieves the successful preparation of supramolecular glasses and deep eutectic solvents. Additionally, halogen bonding appended light irradiation‐triggered luminescence through a hydrogen atom transfer process, showing applications in anti‐counterfeit and display.
Manipulating Alkyl Inner Side Chain of Acceptor for Efficient As‐Cast Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Bao , Jiang Mengyun , Mao Peng , Wang Shanshan , Gui Ruohua , Wang Yingqi , Woo Han Young , Yin Hang , Wang Jin‐Liang , An Qiaoshi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs‐cast organic solar cells (OSCs) possess tremendous potential for low‐cost commercial applications. Herein, five small‐molecule acceptors (A1–A5) are designed and synthesized by selectively and elaborately extending the alkyl inner side chain flanking on the pyrrole motif to prepare efficient as‐cast devices. As the extension of the alkyl chain, the absorption spectra of the films are gradually blue‐shifted from A1 to A5 along with slightly uplifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels, which is conducive for optimizing the trade‐off between short‐circuit current density and open‐circuit voltage of the devices. Moreover, a longer alkyl chain improves compatibility between the acceptor and donor. The in situ technique clarifies that good compatibility will prolong molecular assembly time and assist in the preferential formation of the donor phase, where the acceptor precipitates in the framework formed by the donor. The corresponding film‐formation dynamics facilitate the realization of favorable film morphology with a suitable fibrillar structure, molecular stacking, and vertical phase separation, resulting in an incremental fill factor from A1 to A5‐based devices. Consequently, the A3‐based as‐cast OSCs achieve a top‐ranked efficiency of 18.29%. This work proposes an ingenious strategy to manipulate intermolecular interactions and control the film‐formation process for constructing high‐performance as‐cast devices.
Self‐Assembled Colloidal Photonic Structures for Directional Radioluminescence of Gd and Ta Oxide Scintillators
Authors: Strassberg Rotem , Nakanishi Akihiro , Shamaev Betty , Katznelson Shaul , Schuetz Roman , Dosovitskiy Georgy , Levy Shai , Be'er Orr , Shaek Saar , Onoe Tomoya , Maekawa Taiki , Hayakawa Rino , Tsuji Kazuma , Murai Kei‐ichiro , Moriga Toshihiro , Bekenstein Yehonadav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRadiation detection is being revolutionized by integrating photonic elements into scintillators. In this study, a scalable and cost‐effective method is proposed to achieve tuneable emission enhancement across the visible spectrum by colloidal self‐assembly of photonic crystals on scintillator surfaces. This concept is demonstrated for Eu3+/Tb3+‐doped Gd and Ta oxides. Widely available and affordable colloidal nanospheres of SiO2 or polymethyl methacrylate are self‐assembled on these scintillators. The size of the nanospheres is carefully optimized to match the desired emission lines of Eu3+/Tb3+. The result is homogeneous and closely‐packed structures with clear photonic bandgap in the visible range. Under X‐ray excitation, the scintillators covered with the photonic layers exhibit enhanced light extraction in the direction perpendicular to the surface, compared to isotropic emission in the bare scintillator. Such scintillation directionality, when optically matched with a proper detector, will result in higher efficiency of the overall detection system. Moreover, X‐ray imaging demonstrates an enhancement of 25% in system resolution of the scintillator supplemented with the photonic layer compared to unmodified scintillators. The proposed method is scintillator‐ and nanosphere‐agnostic, thus offering a promising versatile approach for directing the scintillation light toward a photodetector and increasing detection system performance, including high‐resolution imaging applications.
Integrated Lactylome Characterization Reveals the Molecular Dynamics of Protein Regulation in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Duan Yangmiao , Zhan Hanxiang , Wang Qin , Li Bohao , Gao Huiru , Liu Duanrui , Xu Qinchen , Gao Xin , Liu Zhenya , Gao Peng , Wei Guangwei , Wang Yunshan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLysine lactylation (Kla) plays a vital role in several physiological processes. However, the cancer‐specific modulation of Kla in gastrointestinal (GI) tumors requires systematic elucidation. Here, global lactylome profiling of cancerous and adjacent tissues is conducted from 40 patients with GI cancer and identified 11698 Kla sites. Lactylome integration revealed that Kla affects proteins involved in hallmark cancer processes, including epigenetic rewiring, metabolic perturbations, and genome instability. Moreover, the study revealed pan‐cancer patterns of Kla alterations, among which 37 Kla sites are consistently upregulated in all four GI cancers and are involved in gene regulation. It is further verified that lactylation of CBX3 at K10 mediates its interaction of CBX3 with the epigenetic marker H3K9me3 and facilitates GI cancer progression. Overall, this study provides an invaluable resource for understanding the lactylome landscape in GI cancers, which may provide new paths for drug discovery for these devastating diseases.
Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Diaryl Ethers Via Asymmetric Povarov Reaction Enabled Desymmetrization
Authors: Ye Zidan , Xie Wansen , Liu Wei , Zhou Changyu , Yang Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAxially chiral diaryl ethers represent a distinct class of atropisomers, characterized by a unique dual C─O axes system, which have been found in a variety of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and ligands. However, the catalytic enantioselective synthesis of these atropoisomers poses significant challenges, due to the difficulty in controlling both chiral C─O axes, and their more flexible conformations. Herein, an efficient protocol for catalytic enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers is presented using organocatalyzed asymmetric Povarov reaction‐enabled desymmetrization, followed by aromatizations. This method yields a wide range of novel quinoline‐based diaryl ether atropoisomers in good yields and high enantioselectivities. Notably, various aromatization protocols are developed, resulting in a diverse set of polysubstituted quinoline‐containing diaryl ether atropisomers. Thermal racemization studies suggested excellent configurational stabilities for these novel diaryl ether atropisomers (with racemization barriers up to 38.1 kcal mol−1). Moreover, this research demonstrates for the first time that diaryl ether atropisomers lacking the bulky t‐Bu group can still maintain a stable configuration, challenging the prior knowledge in the field. The fruitful derivatizations of the functional group‐rich chiral products further underscore the value of this method.
CCDC68 Maintains Mitotic Checkpoint Activation by Promoting CDC20 Integration into the MCC
Authors: Li Qi , Chen Qingzhou , Zheng Tao , Wang Fulin , Teng Junlin , Zhou Haining , Chen Jianguo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures chromosome segregation fidelity by manipulating unattached kinetochore‐dependent assembly of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC). The MCC binds to and inhibits the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) to postpone mitotic exit. However, the mechanism by which unattached kinetochores mediate MCC formation is not yet fully understood. Here, it is shown that CCDC68 is an outer kinetochore protein that preferentially localizes to unattached kinetochores. Furthermore, CCDC68 interacts with the SAC factor CDC20 to inhibit its autoubiquitination and MCC disassembly. Therefore, CCDC68 restrains APC/C activation to ensure a robust SAC and allow sufficient time for chromosome alignment, thus ensuring chromosomal stability. Hence, the study reveals that CCDC68 is required for CDC20‐dependent MCC stabilization to maintain mitotic checkpoint activation.
Physics‐informed reinforcement learning for optimal control of nonlinear systems
Authors: Wang Yujia , Wu Zhe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a model‐free framework to solve the optimal control problem with an infinite‐horizon performance function for nonlinear systems with input constraints. Specifically, two Physics‐Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) that incorporate the knowledge of the Lyapunov stability theorem and the convergence conditions of the policy iteration algorithm are utilized to approximate the value function and control policy, respectively. Then, a Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm that does not require any first‐principles or data‐driven models of nonlinear systems is developed to iteratively learn a nearly optimal control policy. Furthermore, we provide a rigorous theoretical analysis showing the conditions that ensure the stability of closed‐loop systems with the control policy learned by RL and guarantee the convergence of the iteration algorithm. Finally, the proposed Physics‐Informed Reinforcement Learning (PIRL) method is applied to a chemical process example to demonstrate its effectiveness.
Exploring the genetic architecture of brain structure and ADHD using polygenic neuroimaging‐derived scores
Authors: van der Es Tim , Soheili‐Nezhad Sourena , Roth Mota Nina , Franke Barbara , Buitelaar Jan , Sprooten Emma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have provided valuable insights into the genetic basis of neuropsychiatric disorders and highlighted their complexity. Careful consideration of the polygenicity and complex genetic architecture could aid in the understanding of the underlying brain mechanisms. We introduce an innovative approach to polygenic scoring, utilizing imaging‐derived phenotypes (IDPs) to predict a clinical phenotype. We leveraged IDP GWAS data from the UK Biobank, to create polygenic imaging‐derived scores (PIDSs). As a proof‐of‐concept, we assessed genetic variations in brain structure between individuals with ADHD and unaffected controls across three NeuroIMAGE waves (n = 954). Out of the 94 PIDS, 72 exhibited significant associations with their corresponding IDPs in an independent sample. Notably, several global measures, including cerebellum white matter, cerebellum cortex, and cerebral white matter, displayed substantial variance explained for their respective IDPs, ranging from 3% to 5.7%. Conversely, the associations between each IDP and the clinical ADHD phenotype were relatively weak. These findings highlight the growing power of GWAS in structural neuroimaging traits, enabling the construction of polygenic scores that accurately reflect the underlying polygenic architecture. However, to establish robust connections between PIDS and behavioral or clinical traits such as ADHD, larger samples are needed. Our novel approach to polygenic risk scoring offers a valuable tool for researchers in the field of psychiatric genetics.
Intense Circularly Polarized Luminescence Induced by Chiral Supramolecular Assembly: The Importance of Intermolecular Electronic Coupling
Authors: Liu Zheng‐Fei , Liu Xin‐Xin , Zhang Han , Zeng Lan , Niu Li‐Ya , Chen Peng‐Zhong , Fang Wei‐Hai , Peng Xiaojun , Cui Ganglong , Yang Qing‐Zheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein we report on circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) emission originating from supramolecular chirality of organic microcrystals with a |glum| value up to 0.11. The microcrystals were prepared from highly emissive difluoroboron β‐diketonate (BF2dbk) dyes R‐1 or S‐1 with chiral binaphthol (BINOL) skeletons. R‐1 and S‐1 exhibit undetectable CPL signals in solution but manifest intense CPL emission in their chiral microcrystals. The chiral superstructures induced by BINOL skeletons were confirmed by single‐crystal XRD analysis. Spectral analysis and theoretical calculations indicate that intermolecular electronic coupling, mediated by the asymmetric stacking in the chiral superstructures, effectively alters excited‐state electronic structures and facilitates electron transitions perpendicular to BF2bdk planes. The coupling increases cosθμ,m from 0.05 (monomer) to 0.86 (tetramer) and triggers intense optical activity of BF2bdk. The results demonstrate that optical activity of chromophores within assemblies can be regulated by both orientation and extent of intermolecular electronic couplings.
Advances in East Polynesian zooarchaeology: Special Issue introduction, review (2016–2024), and assessment
Authors: Allen Melinda S. , Kahn Jennifer G. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThis article both introduces our Special Issue on “Zooarchaeology and Human Ecodynamics in East Polynesia” and reviews recent research from East Polynesia at large. The seven articles and discussion essay derive from a symposium at the 14th International Council for Archaeozoology (ICAZ) conference in Cairns, Australia (2023). To contextualize these contributions, we review recent studies (2016–2024) from the region relating to human–animal relationships, including morphological, ancient DNA, and stable isotope research. Seven areas or themes emerge from our review, representing substantive, analytical and technical domains. These include (1) geographic coverage; (2) methodological issues; (3) assessments of anthropogenic impacts; (4) studies of domestic and commensal taxa; (5) animals in social, ritual and symbolic roles; (6) engagement with historical records and traditional ecological knowledges (TEK); and (7) emerging technologies. We conclude with a brief summary of recent achievements and propose future directions for zooarchaeological studies in East Polynesia and the wider Pacific.
Reducing the degree of crosslinking of peptidoglycan in Listeria monocytogenes promoted the secretion of membrane vesicles
Authors: Tang Mingyuan , Lei Yao , Chen Kehan , Ding Mingming , Ou Qian , Tang Jing , Zhang Yunwen , Tang Tian , Wang Chuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractListeria monocytogenes (LM) is a Gram‐positive (G+) bacterium that secretes nanoscale membrane vesicles (MVs). LM MVs comprise various bacterial components and may have potential as an antigen or drug‐delivery vehicle; however, the low yield of the LM MVs limits related research. G+‐bacterial MVs germinate from the bacterial plasma membrane and must pass through a thick crosslinked peptidoglycan layer for release. Herein, we aimed to increase the release of MVs by reducing the degree of crosslinking of peptidoglycan. We knocked out two genes related to the longitudinal crosslinking of peptidoglycan, dal and dat, and supplemented the knocked‐out dal gene through plasmid expression to obtain a stably inherited recombinant strain LMΔdd::pCW633. The structure, particle size, and main protein components of MVs secreted by this recombinant strain were consistent with those secreted from the wild strain, but the yield of MVs was considerably increased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Listeria ivanovii (LI) was found to secrete MVs that differed in the composition of the main proteins compared with those of LM MVs. The abovementioned method was also feasible for promoting the secretion of MVs from the attenuated LM strain and LI wild‐type and attenuated strains. Our study provides a new method to increase the secretion of MVs derived from Listeria that could be extended to other G+ bacteria.