bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solvent Engineering of Thermo‐Responsive Hydrogels Facilitates Strong and Large Contractile Actuations
Authors: Cho Yong Eun , Park Jae‐Man , Song Won Jun , Lee Min‐Gyu , Sun Jeong‐Yun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThermo‐responsive hydrogels can generate the actuation force through volumetric transitions in response to temperature changes. However, their weak mechanical properties and fragile actuation performance limit robust applications. Existing approaches to enhance these properties have typically depended on additional components, leading to an unavoidable interference to the actuation performance. In this work, robust thermo‐responsive hydrogels are fabricated through solvent engineering. A particular solvent, N‐methylformamide, interacts affinitively with the carbonyl group of N‐isopropylacrylamide monomer, solubilizes the monomer with extremely high concentration, stabilizes chain propagation during polymerization, and greatly increases chain lengths and entanglements of the resulting polymer. The synthesized hydrogels are highly elastic, strong, and tough, displaying remarkable thermo‐responsive contractile actuation. The simple synthetic process can broaden its applicability in designing robust functional hydrogel applications.
A Generalized Coordination Engineering Strategy for Single‐Atom Catalysts toward Efficient Hydrogen Peroxide Electrosynthesis
Authors: Liu Wei , Chen Rui , Sang Zhiyuan , Li Zhenxin , Nie Jiahuan , Yin Lichang , Hou Feng , Liang Ji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDesigning non‐noble metal single‐atom catalysts (M‐SACs) for two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e‐ORR) is attractive for the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrosynthesis, in which the coordination configuration of the M‐SACs essentially affects the reaction activity and product selectivity. Though extensively investigated, a generalized coordination engineering strategy has not yet been proposed, which fundamentally hinders the rational design of M‐SACs with optimized catalytic capabilities. Herein, a generalized coordination engineering strategy is proposed for M‐SACs toward H2O2 electrosynthesis via introducing heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen or sulfur atoms) with higher or lower electronegativity than nitrogen atoms into the first sphere of metal‐N4 system to tailor their electronic structure and adjust the adsorption strength for *OOH intermediates, respectively, thus optimizing their electrocatalytic capability for 2e‐ORR. Specifically, the (O, N)‐coordinated Co SAC (Co‐N3O) and (S, N)‐coordinated Ni SAC (Ni‐N3S) are precisely synthesized, and both present superior 2e‐ORR activity (Eonset: ≈0.80 V versus RHE) and selectivity (≈90%) in alkaline conditions compared with conventional Co‐N4 and Ni‐N4 sites. The high H2O2 yield rates of 14.2 and 17.5 moL g−1 h−1 and long‐term stability over 12 h are respectively achieved for Co‐N3O and Ni‐N3S. Such favorable 2e‐ORR pathway of the catalysts is also theoretically confirmed by the kinetics simulations.
3D‐Printed Hydrogel Filter for Biocatalytic CO2Capture
Authors: Zhang Sen , Shen Jialong , Zhang Peiqi , Schroeder Thomas B. H. , Chen Jiahui , Carnevale Casey , Salmon Sonja , Fang Xiaomeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInnovative scalable CO2capture technologies are urgently needed to combat the climate crisis. Reactive absorption in alkaline liquids, an essential process for capturing CO2at atmospheric pressure, requires high gas–liquid contact and fast reaction kinetics. To meet these needs, self‐supporting hydrogel CO2gas–liquid contactors (or simply “CO2filters”) containing the CO2selective catalyst carbonic anhydrase (CA) are developed using the direct ink writing additive manufacturing approach. The multifunctional filters are composed of semi‐interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels (IPNHs) of poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate/poly (ethylene oxide) (PEG‐DA/PEO) upon photocuring during 3D printing. Formulations with PEG‐DA levels of 30–60 wt% are sufficiently homogeneous and reactive to produce coherent grids. Based on operational parameters, a 56 wt% PEG‐DA formulation is selected to continuously print self‐supporting 3D stacked cylindrical grids, with or without enzymes in ink. The resulting enzyme‐laden IPHN filters deliver ≈3 times higher CO2capture efficiency than the no‐enzyme control filters in a laboratory‐scale absorption column test. However, the enhancement effect decreases significantly within 2 d of operation, likely due to burst release of enzymes caused by the flowing solution. Covalent crosslinking of CA near the surface, which can improve durability and CO2capture performance, will be evaluated in future studies.
Electrosorption Mechanism of Zwitterionic Amino Acid Neurotransmitters in Iontronic Devices
Authors: Li Panlong , Tarasova Anna , Slesinski Adam , Bräuniger Yannik , Galek Przemyslaw , Grothe Julia , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNeurotransmitters carrying specific chemical information play a key role in the nervous system, which inspires ion‐based devices to mimic biological functions of nervous system, including sensing, transduction, and computing. In this work, the interaction mechanism of zwitterionic amino acids, glycine (Gly), and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) (two common inhibitory neurotransmitters) are analyzed with porous carbon electrodes. The charge balance of these zwitterionic neurotransmitters relies on zwitterion protonation in the vicinity of the negative electrodes (produced cations adsorbed by the negative electrode) and deprotonation near the positive electrode (produced anions to balance the positive charges) as demonstrated based on the theoretical dissociation analyses and local pH measurements. Additionally, electrosorption‐induced concentration changes of Gly and GABA in aqueous solutions and phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) solutions are realized by electrosorption via nanoporous carbon electrodes. Based on this mechanistic understanding, the ionologic functions in printed ionic electrolyte double‐layer transistors are demonstrated. These neurotransmitter‐based iontronic devices hold potential for further organism‐machine interfacing and neuromorphic computing applications.
Digital Photoinduced Topographical Microsculpting of Hydrogels
Authors: Bril Maaike , D'Urso Mirko , Prejanò Mario , Costantini Matteo , Angeloni Livia , Kurniawan Nicholas A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydrogels are soft materials widely used as a substrate or matrix for cell culture to mimic the physicochemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the cell's native microenvironment. Recently, a growing body of evidence has shown that substrate topography is a key determinant of cell behavior. These studies, however, mostly rely on the use of hard elastomeric materials, particularly as introducing topography in soft hydrogels is technically challenging, labor intensive, and often does not provide a flexible design space. Here, a new approach is presented that allows robust creation of topographies on hydrogels using a maskless and contactless UV‐sculpting approach. The sculpted topographies are highly programmable: the features can be designed using any digital drawing software, while the dimensions and resolution can be easily tuned via UV exposure dose or photoinitiator concentration. Microscale topographies (2–100 µm in size) can be created on a wide range of hydrogels with diverse chemical characters and mechanical properties (e.g., stiffness). As a proof of concept, this work shows that adherent cells on softer hydrogels align better to topographical cues than on stiffer hydrogels, underlining the importance of studying cell behavior in physiologically more relevant multi‐cue environments.
Partially Ionized Amino Acid Salt Enabling Spatially Vertical n‐Phase Distribution of Quasi‐2D Perovskite for Efficient Deep‐Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Dong Fan , Guo Yangyang , Zhang Xu , Cheng Zeyi , Gao Jialiang , Li Huixin , Wu Jiandong , Qi Heng , Yao Tanxi , Zhang Miao , Xu Yadong , Wang Hongyue , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe deep‐blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are of essential and indispensable for the application in full‐gamut display. However, the deep blue emission required large bandgap in small n phase exhibits high surface activity that gives rise to the difficulty of n phase distribution control spatially and proportionally in quasi‐2D perovskite films. Here, the deep‐blue pure‐bromide perovskite films is present that exhibit spatially vertical n phase distribution, owing to the partially ionized amino acid salt of 3‐Ammonium propionic acid bromide (3CBr) modulated crystallization kinetic of perovskite. The strong interaction of 3CBr and perovskite lattice improves the stability of small n phases, showing tunable photoluminescence (PL) emission and enhanced PL quantum yield (PLQY). The achieved champion deep blue PeLED shows a maximum EQE of 3.64% at electroluminescence (EL) emission wavelength of 466 nm, locating at the top rank of the similar devices. This work provides an effective strategy to fabricating efficient deep‐blue perovskite films and devices, promoting the development of perovskite‐based application in display.
In Situ Formation of Ultrathin Composite Shell with Strong Water Resistance on the Surface of K2SiF6:Mn4+ via NaClO Treatment
Authors: Wang Tianman , Wang Lin , Gao Weiyue , Ruan Henghuan , Lei Jun , Li Yuelan , Liao Sen , Huang Yingheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSolving the problem of poor weather resistance of Mn4+‐doped fluoride phosphors is pivotal for their application in white‐light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs). This study introduces a one‐step synthesis strategy for the phosphor T‐KSF:Mn (KSF:M = K2SiF6:Mn4+ and T = surface‐treated with NaClO) that involves the use of a NaClO solution as a treatment agent to augment the water resistance of this phosphor. The results of transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction tomography, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, analyses reveal the formation of an ultrathin composite shell (<5 nm) comprising K2SiF6 and KNaSiF6 on the surface of T‐KSF:Mn. The fluorescence intensity of the treated phosphor is 1.09 times that of the untreated phosphor, and its internal quantum efficiency reaches 82.72%. Even after 60 days of testing in a harsh hydrolysis environment, the fluorescence intensity of T‐KSF:Mn remains at 86.24%. At 150 and 200 °C, the integrated fluorescence intensity of T‐KSF:Mn surge to 256.84% and 292.29% of its initial value at 30 °C, respectively, demonstrating a substantial negative thermal quenching (NTQ) effect. Furthermore, the results of aging tests conducted at 85 °C and 85% relative humidity substantiate the effectiveness of the aforementioned strategy in considerably enhancing WLED stability under practical conditions.
Effects of humic acid application on bacterial diversity under maize cultivation
Authors: Santi Mona Ayu , Somboon Saowalak , Thip‐Amat Sukanya , Sukitprapanon Tanabhat‐Sakorn , Lawongsa Phrueksa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe fundamental ecosystem processes in soil are regulated by microbial communities, and community diversity is implicated by soil environmental conditions. Humic acid (HA) improves soil quality and fertility, stimulating the microbial environment, but the detailed effects remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of HA rates on soil bacterial diversity, particularly on species richness and community composition in the rhizosphere of corn (Zea mays). Inorganic fertilizer (T2), HA 0.5% (T3), HA 1.0% (T4), HA 1.5% (T5), and HA 2.0% (T6) were applied in soil. Initial soil (O1) and control after harvesting (T1) were included. A total of 3601 operational taxonomic units were captured from the overall sample, and analysis of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing data indicated that HA did not notably impact species richness. Intriguingly, HA induced changes in bacterial community composition, along with the relative prevalence of specific taxa. Certain associations between soil chemical properties and abundance distribution have been uncovered. Notably, exchangeable Mg2+, Ca2+, and available phosphorus were strongly related to the relative abundance of bacterial phyla. Furthermore, HA potentially shaped the specific bacterial taxa, as the application of HA at different rates had distinct effects on the member of bacterial abundance of each taxon. These findings enhance our understanding of communities potentially being increased or shifted by HA rate addition in short‐term corn cultivation.
Empirical comparison of genomic selection to phenotypic selection for biomass yield of switchgrass
Authors: Tilhou Neal W. , Lee DoKyoung , Ramstein Guillaume P. , Poudel Hari P. , Edme Serge J. , Casler Michael D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSwitchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is one of several grass species being bred for use as a biomass crop to support the biofuel industry. Increases in biomass yield are imperative to ensure that crops such as switchgrass can sustainably meet the needs of this industry. Genomic selection is one strategy that can accelerate breeding gains for complex traits such as biomass yield. The goal of this study was to conduct three cycles of genomic selection in a previously trained Liberty switchgrass population and compare that to one cycle of phenotypic selection, both of which required 3 years to complete. The advanced lines were tested across five locations and three hardiness zones in the Central United States using a randomized complete block design with four replicates. There were strong genotype × location interactions, but the first two generations of genomic selection were superior to Liberty at four of the five evaluation locations. Conversely, phenotypic selection failed to result in significant gains in biomass yield for any of the five evaluation locations. Based on these results from Liberty switchgrass, genomic selection methods are expected to at least double the rates of gain in biomass yield relative to previous estimates using phenotypic selection methods.
Disentangling the relationships between denomination of origin regulatory councils activities and Spanish wineries' export performance
Authors: Depetris‐Chauvin Nicolás , Fernández‐Olmos Marta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWorld markets for quality differentiated agri‐food products are highly competitive, presenting significant challenges for firms aiming to compete effectively. Government agencies and business organizations often implement various export promotion policies to address these challenges. This paper explores the role of Denomination of Origin Regulatory Councils in the export activities of Spanish wineries. Hypotheses are developed based on the Resource‐Based View and Institutional‐Based View, considering divergent theoretical predictions. Empirical findings from a comprehensive sample of Spanish wineries across all Denominations of Origin reveal positive associations between wineries' resources and Regulatory Councils' activities with export performance. However, these relationships vary depending on the specific resource or activity. These findings are consistent across different measures of export performance, highlighting the intricate relationships between institutions like Regulatory Councils and the internationalization of member firms.
The disposability and inclusion of Brown bodies
Authors: Agarwal Sabrina C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile there has been increased awareness of the ethics of curation, research, and teaching with human skeletal remains, there has been little recognition of the millions of skeletal remains from South Asia that were harvested illegally and/or unethically for educational institutions globally for over a century. This article gives a contextualization of the unique history and nature of anatomical teaching collections, and why they are an important locus for a decolonized and antiracist biological anthropology. I present the historical background of how the exportation and commodification of Indian bodies came to dominate the global bone trade. I also discuss how historical necropolitics explicitly erased the identity and objectified South Asian people made into study skeletons, and the way our current practices continue to uphold colonial violence. Finally, I discuss what we might do with these historical collections and the ways that inclusion of Brown voices is critical to ethical practice.
Insufficient evidence for an association between iatrogenic Alzheimer's disease and cadaveric pituitary‐derived growth hormone
Authors: Nath Avi , Holtzman David M. , Miller Bruce L. , Grinberg Lea T. , Leschek Ellen Werber 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA Nature Medicine paper published in January 2024 describes eight cases of iatrogenic Alzheimer's disease in individuals who received cadaveric pituitary‐derived human growth hormone. The paper's conclusions argue for the transmissibility of Alzheimer's disease, which, if true, would create a significant public health crisis. For example, neurosurgical practices would require substantial revision, and many individuals who have undergone neurosurgical procedures would now be at considerable risk of Alzheimer's disease. A detailed review of the presented cases reveals that they do not have Alzheimer's disease, and there are alternative explanations for the cognitive decline described. In people with progressive cognitive decline, the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease requires a demonstration of amyloid and tau pathology or amyloid and tau biomarkers. Extensive tau pathology is not demonstrated, and some also lack amyloid beta pathology. The cases described in this paper do not meet the criteria for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease by clinical and pathological standards.Highlights
Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease has been transmitted by cadaveric growth hormone.
There is no evidence for the transmission of Alzheimer's disease by cadaveric growth hormone.
There is no evidence that Alzheimer's disease is transmissible.
Thermoelectric Response in Nodal‐Point Semimetals
Authors: Mandal Ipsita , Saha Kush 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this review, the thermoelectric properties in nodal‐point semimetals with two bands are discussed. For the two‐dimensional (2D) cases, it is shown that the expressions of the thermoelectric coefficients take different values depending on the nature of the scattering mechanism responsible for transport, by considering examples of short‐ranged disorder potential and screened charged impurities. An anisotropy in the energy dispersion spectrum invariably affects the thermopower quite significantly, as illustrated by the results for a node of semi‐Dirac semimetal and a single valley of graphene. The scenario when a magnetic field of magnitude is applied perpendicular to the plane of the 2D semimetal is also considered. The computations for the three‐dimensional (3D) cases necessarily involve the inclusion of nontrivial Berry phase effects. In addition to demonstrating the expressions for the response tensors, the exotic behavior observed in planar Hall and planar thermal Hall set‐ups is discussed.
DNA Logical Computing on a Transistor for Cancer Molecular Diagnosis
Authors: Kong Derong , Zhang Shen , Ma Xinye , Yang Yuetong , Dai Changhao , Geng Li , Liu Yunqi , Wei Dacheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGiven the high degree of variability and complexity of cancer, precise monitoring and logical analysis of different nucleic acid markers are crucial for improving diagnostic precision and patient survival rates. However, existing molecular diagnostic methods normally suffer from high cost, cumbersome procedures, dependence on specialized equipment and the requirement of in‐depth expertise in data analysis, failing to analyze multiple cancer‐associated nucleic acid markers and provide immediate results in a point‐of‐care manner. Herein, we demonstrate a transistor‐based DNA molecular computing (TDMC) platform that enables simultaneous detection and logical analysis of multiple microRNA (miRNA) markers on a single transistor. TDMC can perform not only basic logical operations such as “AND” and “OR”, but also complex cascading computing, opening up new dimensions for multi‐index logical analysis. Owing to the high efficiency, sensing and computations of multi‐analytes can be operated on a transistor at a concentration as low as 2×10−16 M, reaching the lowest concentration for DNA molecular computing. Thus, TDMC achieves an accuracy of 98.4 % in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma from 62 serum samples. As a convenient and accurate platform, TDMC holds promise for applications in “one‐stop” personalized medicine.
Breaking the Passivation Effect for MnO2 Catalysts in Li−S Batteries by Anion‐Cation Doping
Authors: Jiang Qingbin , Xu Huifang , Hui Kwan San , Ye Zhengqing , Zha Chenyang , Lin Zhan , Zheng Mengting , Lu Jun , Hui Kwun Nam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransition metal oxides (TMOs) are recognized as high‐efficiency electrocatalyst systems for restraining the shuttle effect in lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries, owing to their robust adsorption capabilities for polysulfides. However, the sluggish catalytic conversion of Li2S redox and severe passivation effect of TMOs exacerbate polysulfide shuttling and reduce the cyclability of Li−S batteries, which significantly hinders the development of TMOs electrocatalysts. Here, through the anion‐cation doping approach, dual incorporation of phosphorus and molybdenum into MnO2 (P,Mo‐MnO2) was engineered, demonstrating effective mitigation of the passivation effect and allowing for the simultaneous immobilization of polysulfides and rapid redox kinetics of Li2S. Both experimental and theoretical investigations reveal the pivotal role of dopants in fine‐tuning the d‐band center and optimizing the electronic structure of MnO2. Furthermore, this well‐designed configuration processes catalytic selectivity. Specifically, P‐doping expedites rapid Li2S nucleation kinetics by minimizing reaction‐free energy, while Mo‐doping facilitates robust Li2S dissolution kinetics by mitigating decomposition barriers. This dual‐doping approach equips P,Mo‐MnO2 with robust bi‐directional catalytic activity, effectively overcoming passivation effect and suppressing the notorious shuttle effect. Consequently, Li−S batteries incorporating P,Mo‐MnO2‐based separators demonstrate favorable performance than pristine TMOs. This design offers rational viewpoint for the development of catalytic materials with superior bi‐directional sulfur electrocatalytic in Li−S batteries.