bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Search for Meaning Interacts with Complex Categories of Meaning in Life and Subjective Well-Being?
Authors: Damásio Bruno Figueiredo , Koller Sílvia Helena 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis study sought to assess how the search for meaning interacts with crisis of meaning and with different categories of meaning in life (meaningfulness, crisis of meaning, existential indifference, and existential conflict). Furthermore, the moderation role of search for meaning between the relation of categories of meaning and subjective well-being (SWB) was also evaluated. Participants included 3,034 subjects (63.9% women) ranging in age from 18 to 91 (M = 33.90; SD = 15.01) years old from 22 Brazilian states. Zero-order correlations and a factorial MANOVA were implemented. Positive low correlations were found for search for meaning and crisis of meaning (r = .258; p < .001). Search for meaning presented a small-effect size moderation effect on the relation of the different categories of meaning with subjective happiness, F(6, 3008) = 2.698, p < .05; η2 = .004, but not for satisfaction with life, F(6, 3008) = .935, p = .47; η2 = .002. The differences on the levels of subjective happiness of those inserted in existential indifferent and conflicting categories differ depending on the levels of search for meaning. Further directions for future studies are proposed.
Differences between Alcoholics and Cocaine Addicts Seeking Treatment
Authors: López-Goñi José J. , Fernández-Montalvo Javier , Arteaga Alfonso 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis study explored the characteristics of a representative sample of patients who were addicted to either alcohol or cocaine, comparing the profiles of both types of drug users. A sample of 234 addicted patients (109 alcoholics and 125 cocaine addicts) who sought outpatient treatment in a Spanish clinical centre was assessed. Data on socio-demographic, consumption, psychopathological and maladjustment characteristics were collected using the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II). Demographically, differences were observed with regard to age (alcoholics were older than cocaine addicts; t = 12.2, p = .001), employment (the alcoholic group had more labor problems; χ2= 6.2, p = .045) and family consequences (worse in alcoholics; t = 2.3, p = .025). The EuropASI results showed statistically significant differences in addiction severity, with alcoholics showing a greater severity than cocaine addicts. In terms of psychopathology, alcoholics presented more associated symptomatology than cocaine addicts. According to these results, patients with alcohol dependence have a different profile from patients with cocaine dependence, resulting in different repercussions for important areas of their lives. These differences should be taken into account when standard treatments for addiction are implemented.
Development of Listening Comprehension Tests with Narrative and Expository Texts for Portuguese Students
Authors: Santos Sandra , Viana Fernanda Leopoldina , Ribeiro Iolanda , Prieto Gerardo , Brandão Sara , Cadime Irene 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis investigation aimed to develop and collect psychometric data for two tests assessing listening comprehension of Portuguese students in primary school: the Test of Listening Comprehension of Narrative Texts (TLC-n) and the Test of Listening Comprehension of Expository Texts (TLC-e). Two studies were conducted. The purpose of study 1 was to construct four test forms for each of the two tests to assess first, second, third and fourth grade students of the primary school. The TLC-n was administered to 1042 students, and the TLC-e was administered to 848 students. The purpose of study 2 was to test the psychometric properties of new items for the TLC-n form for fourth graders, given that the results in study 1 indicated a severe lack of difficult items. The participants were 260 fourth graders. The data were analysed using the Rasch model. Thirty items were selected for each test form. The results provided support for the model assumptions: Unidimensionality and local independence of the items. The reliability coefficients were higher than .70 for all test forms. The TLC-n and the TLC-e present good psychometric properties and represent an important contribution to the learning disabilities assessment field.
Teacher Support Resources, Need Satisfaction and Well-Being
Authors: Doménech-Betoret Fernando , Lloret-Segura Susana , Gómez-Artiga Amparo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBased on Job Demands-Resources Model (JD-R), this study examines the relationships among teacher support resources, psychological need satisfaction, engagement and burnout in a sample of 282 Spanish secondary school teachers. Nine teacher psychological needs were identified based on the study of Bess and on the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Self-report questionnaires were used to measure the constructs selected for this study and their interrelationships were examined by structural equation modeling. The results reveal a good model fit to the data (NNFI = .88; CFI = .90; GFI = .90; RMSEA = .061). The analyses indicate a positive and significant effect of latent variable Psychological Need Satisfaction on engagement (β = .74, p < .05), and a negative and significant effect on burnout (β = -.78, p ≤ .05). Furthermore, the results show the mediator role played by Psychological Need Satisfaction in the relationship between teacher support resources and both engagement and burnout (additional paths did not improve the model fit: Δχ2(2) = 2.428, p = .29). Finally, practical implications of these findings are discussed.
F(r)ische fürs Gehirn
Authors: Leutgeb Verena , Köchel Angelika , Lang Lena , Koch Julius , Schienle Anne 
Published: March 2015

Metaanalysen zeigen, dass die Verabreichung von Omega-3-Fettsäuren zu einer geringfügigen Reduktion der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätssymptomatik bei Kindern führt. Für eine positive Wirkung von Omega-3 auf emotionale und kognitive Funktionen bei gesunden Kindern gibt es bisher kaum Belege. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurde die Wirksamkeit einer Nahrungsergänzung bei 70 Kindergartenkindern im Alter von drei bis sechs Jahren überprüft. Die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit der Kinder (z. B. das Gedächtnis) wurde getestet und das Verhalten (z. B. Hyperaktivität, Ängstlichkeit) wurde durch Eltern sowie Kindergartenpädagoginnen eingestuft. Die Kinder wurden zufällig einer Therapie- oder Wartelistengruppe zugeteilt. Die Therapiegruppe erhielt acht Wochen lang täglich 800 mg Omega-3. Danach wurde die psychologische Testung wiederholt. Die Wartegruppe erhielt das Präparat nach der zweiten Testung. Aufgrund der Nahrungsergänzung mit Omega-3 zeigte sich eine Verbesserung kognitiver Funktionen (Gedächtnis, räumliches Denken), während das sozio-emotionale Verhalten unverändert blieb. In zukünftigen Studien sollten die Effekte an größeren Stichproben, sowie mittels neurobiologischer Parameter untermauert werden.
Aufmerksamkeitstherapie bei Grundschülern
Authors: Schlarb Angelika A. , Sommer Friederike , Hautzinger Martin , Grünwald Julia 
Published: March 2015

Ziel vorliegender Arbeit war die Evaluation eines neuropsychologischen Gruppentrainings für aufmerksamkeitsgestörte Kinder von sechs bis neun Jahren. In Anlehnung an das etablierte Programm Attentioner ( Jacobs & Petermann, 2013 ) für Kinder mit Aufmerksamkeitsschwierigkeiten wurde der Mini-Attentioner konzipiert, der keine Lese-, Schreib- und Rechenfertigkeiten erfordert. Weitere Modifikationen waren weniger komplexe Trainingsaufgaben, stärkere Unterstützung durch die Eltern sowie ein unmittelbar verstärkendes Response-Cost-Token-System. 59 Familien nahmen am Training teil. Nach dem Training zeigte sich eine signifikante Reduktion der Aufmerksamkeits- und hyperkinetischen Symptomatik der Kinder im Elternurteil mittels FBB-ADHS. Im Vergleich zur Prämessung erhöhte sich die Aufmerksamkeitsleistung der Kinder in allen vier Untertests der KITAP signifikant. Der Mini-Attentioner kann daher als wirksames Verfahren in der Therapie von Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen eingesetzt werden.
Adiponectin receptor 1 conserves docosahexaenoic acid and promotes photoreceptor cell survival
Authors: Rice Dennis S. , Calandria Jorgelina M. , Gordon William C. , Jun Bokkyoo , Zhou Yongdong , Gelfman Claire M. , Li Songhua , Jin Minghao , Knott Eric J. , Chang Bo , Abuin Alex , Issa Tawfik , Potter David , Platt Kenneth A. , Bazan Nicolas G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe identification of pathways necessary for photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) function is critical to uncover therapies for blindness. Here we report the discovery of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) as a regulator of these cells’ functions. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is avidly retained in photoreceptors, while mechanisms controlling DHA uptake and retention are unknown. Thus, we demonstrate that AdipoR1 ablation results in DHA reduction. In situ hybridization reveals photoreceptor and RPE cell AdipoR1 expression, blunted in AdipoR1−/− mice. We also find decreased photoreceptor-specific phosphatidylcholine containing very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and severely attenuated electroretinograms. These changes precede progressive photoreceptor degeneration in AdipoR1−/− mice. RPE-rich eyecup cultures from AdipoR1−/− reveal impaired DHA uptake. AdipoR1 overexpression in RPE cells enhances DHA uptake, whereas AdipoR1 silencing has the opposite effect. These results establish AdipoR1 as a regulatory switch of DHA uptake, retention, conservation and elongation in photoreceptors and RPE, thus preserving photoreceptor cell integrity.
Glycine decarboxylase deficiency causes neural tube defects and features of non-ketotic hyperglycinemia in mice
Authors: Pai Yun Jin , Leung Kit-Yi , Savery Dawn , Hutchin Tim , Prunty Helen , Heales Simon , Brosnan Margaret E. , Brosnan John T. , Copp Andrew J. , Greene Nicholas D.E. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGlycine decarboxylase (GLDC) acts in the glycine cleavage system to decarboxylate glycine and transfer a one-carbon unit into folate one-carbon metabolism. GLDC mutations cause a rare recessive disease non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH). Mutations have also been identified in patients with neural tube defects (NTDs); however, the relationship between NKH and NTDs is unclear. We show that reduced expression of Gldc in mice suppresses glycine cleavage system activity and causes two distinct disease phenotypes. Mutant embryos develop partially penetrant NTDs while surviving mice exhibit post-natal features of NKH including glycine accumulation, early lethality and hydrocephalus. In addition to elevated glycine, Gldc disruption also results in abnormal tissue folate profiles, with depletion of one-carbon-carrying folates, as well as growth retardation and reduced cellular proliferation. Formate treatment normalizes the folate profile, restores embryonic growth and prevents NTDs, suggesting that Gldc deficiency causes NTDs through limiting supply of one-carbon units from mitochondrial folate metabolism.
Non-thermal plasma with 2-deoxy-D-glucose synergistically induces cell death by targeting glycolysis in blood cancer cells
Authors: Kaushik Neha , Lee Su Jae , Choi Tae Gyu , Baik Ku Youn , Uhm Han Sup , Kim Chung Hyeok , Kaushik Nagendra Kumar , Choi Eun Ha 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this study, we show the selective and efficient anti-cancer effects of plasma (at a low dose) when cell metabolic modifiers are also included. 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a glycolytic inhibitor, was used with effective doses of non-thermal plasma, synergistically attenuating cell metabolic viability and inducing caspase-dependent and independent cell death. The combination treatment decreased the intracellular ATP and lactate production in various types of blood cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, our findings suggest that 2-DG enhances the efficacy and selectivity of plasma and induces the synergistic inhibition of cancer cell growth by targeting glycolysis and apoptosis. Specifically, this treatment strategy demonstrated an enhanced growth inhibitory effect of plasma in the presence of a metabolic modifier that was selective against cancer cells, not non-malignant cells. This is the first study to report the advantage of combining plasma with 2-DG to eradicate blood cancer cells. Finally, we conclude that 2-DG with non-thermal plasma may be used as a combination treatment against blood cancer cells.
Negative differential conductance and super-Poissonian shot noise in single-molecule magnet junctions
Authors: Xue Hai-Bin , Liang Jiu-Qing , Liu Wu-Ming 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMolecular spintroinic device based on a single-molecule magnet is one of the ultimate goals of semiconductor nanofabrication technologies. It is thus necessary to understand the electron transport properties of a single-molecule magnet junction. Here we study the negative differential conductance and super-Poissonian shot noise properties of electron transport through a single-molecule magnet weakly coupled to two electrodes with either one or both of them being ferromagnetic. We predict that the negative differential conductance and super-Poissonian shot noise, which can be tuned by a gate voltage, depend sensitively on the spin polarization of the source and drain electrodes. In particular, the shot noise in the negative differential conductance region can be enhanced or decreased originating from the different formation mechanisms of negative differential conductance. The effective competition between fast and slow transport channels is responsible for the observed negative differential conductance and super-Poissonian shot noise. In addition, we further discuss the skewness and kurtosis properties of transport current in the super-Poissonian shot noise regions. Our findings suggest a tunable negative differential conductance molecular device and the predicted properties of high-order current cumulants are very interesting for a better understanding of electron transport through single-molecule magnet junctions.
Helicobacter pylori infection can affect energy modulating hormones and body weight in germ free mice
Authors: Khosravi Yalda , Seow Shih Wee , Amoyo Arlaine Anne , Chiow Kher Hsin , Tan Tuan Lin , Wong Whye Yen , Poh Qian Hui , Sentosa Ignatius Mario Doli , Bunte Ralph M. , Pettersson Sven , Loke Mun Fai , Vadivelu Jamuna 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHelicobacter pylori, is an invariably commensal resident of the gut microbiome associated with gastric ulcer in adults. In addition, these patients also suffered from a low grade inflammation that activates the immune system and thus increased shunting of energy to host defense mechanisms. To assess whether aH. pyloriinfection could affect growth in early life, we determined the expression levels of selected metabolic gut hormones in germ free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice with and without the presence ofH. pylori. DespiteH. pylori-infected (SPFH) mice display alteration in host metabolism (elevated levels of leptin, insulin and peptide YY) compared to non-infected SPF mice, their growth curves remained the same. SPFH mice also displayed increased level of eotaxin-1. Interestingly, GF mice infected withH. pylori(GFH) also displayed increased levels of ghrelin and PYY. However, in contrast to SPFH mice, GFH showed reduced weight gain and malnutrition. These preliminary findings show that exposure toH. pylorialters host metabolism early in life; but the commensal microbiota in SPF mice can attenuate the growth retarding effect fromH. pyloriobserved in GF mice. Further investigations of possible additional side effects ofH. pyloriare highly warranted.
Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate airway inflammation and emphysema in COPD through down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 via p38 and ERK MAPK pathways
Authors: Gu Wen , Song Lin , Li Xiao-Ming , Wang Di , Guo Xue-Jun , Xu Wei-Guo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified as one possible strategy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our previous studies have demonstrated that MSC administration has therapeutic potential in airway inflammation and emphysema via a paracrine mechanism. We proposed that MSCs reverse the inflammatory process and restore impaired lung function through their interaction with macrophages. In our study, the rats were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS), followed by the administration of MSCs into the lungs for 5 weeks. Here we show that MSC administration alleviated airway inflammation and emphysema through the down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and COX-2-mediated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, possibly through the effect on alveolar macrophages. In vitro co-culture experiments provided evidence that MSCs down-regulated COX-2/PGE2 in macrophages through inhibition of the activation-associated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and ERK. Our data suggest that MSCs may relieve airway inflammation and emphysema in CS-exposed rat models, through the inhibition of COX-2/PGE2 in alveolar macrophages, mediated in part by the p38 MAPK and ERK pathways. This study provides a compelling mechanism for MSC treatment in COPD, in addition to its paracrine mechanism.
HDL surface lipids mediate CETP binding as revealed by electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Zhang Meng , Charles River , Tong Huimin , Zhang Lei , Patel Mili , Wang Francis , Rames Matthew J. , Ren Amy , Rye Kerry-Anne , Qiu Xiayang , Johns Douglas G. , Charles M. Arthur , Ren Gang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesterol esters (CE) from atheroprotective high-density lipoproteins (HDL) to atherogenic low-density lipoproteins (LDL). CETP inhibition has been regarded as a promising strategy for increasing HDL levels and subsequently reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although the crystal structure of CETP is known, little is known regarding how CETP binds to HDL. Here, we investigated how various HDL-like particles interact with CETP by electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. Results showed that CETP binds to HDL via hydrophobic interactions rather than protein-protein interactions. The HDL surface lipid curvature generates a hydrophobic environment, leading to CETP hydrophobic distal end interaction. This interaction is independent of other HDL components, such as apolipoproteins, cholesteryl esters and triglycerides. Thus, disrupting these hydrophobic interactions could be a new therapeutic strategy for attenuating the interaction of CETP with HDL.
Microscale Magnetic Field Modulation for Enhanced Capture and Distribution of Rare Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Chen Peng , Huang Yu-Yen , Hoshino Kazunori , Zhang John X.J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractImmunomagnetic assay combines the powers of the magnetic separation and biomarker recognition and has been an effective tool to perform rare Circulating Tumor Cells detection. Key factors associated with immunomagnetic assay include the capture rate, which indicates the sensitivity of the system and distributions of target cells after capture, which impact the cell integrity and other biological properties that are critical to downstream analyses. Here we present a theoretical framework and technical approach to implement a microscale magnetic immunoassay through modulating local magnetic field towards enhanced capture and distribution of rare cancer cells. Through the design of a two-dimensional micromagnet array, we characterize the magnetic field generation and quantify the impact of the micromagnets on rare cell separation. Good agreement is achieved between the theory and experiments using a human colon cancer cell line (COLO205) as the capture targets.
Transcriptome analysis of thermogenic Arum concinnatum reveals the molecular components of floral scent production
Authors: Onda Yoshihiko , Mochida Keiichi , Yoshida Takuhiro , Sakurai Tetsuya , Seymour Roger S. , Umekawa Yui , Pirintsos Stergios Arg , Shinozaki Kazuo , Ito Kikukatsu 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSeveral plant species can generate enough heat to increase their internal floral temperature above ambient temperature. Among thermogenic plants, Arum concinnatum shows the highest respiration activity during thermogenesis. However, an overall understanding of the genes related to plant thermogenesis has not yet been achieved. In this study, we performed de novo transcriptome analysis of flower organs in A. concinnatum. The de novo transcriptome assembly represented, in total, 158,490 non-redundant transcripts and 53,315 of those showed significant homology with known genes. To explore genes associated with thermogenesis, we filtered 1266 transcripts that showed a significant correlation between expression pattern and the temperature trend of each sample. We confirmed five putative alternative oxidase transcripts were included in filtered transcripts as expected. An enrichment analysis of the Gene Ontology terms for the filtered transcripts suggested over-representation of genes involved in 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) activity. The expression profiles of DXS transcripts in the methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway were significantly correlated with thermogenic levels. Our results suggest that the MEP pathway is the main biosynthesis route for producing scent monoterpenes. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the candidate pathway and the key enzyme for floral scent production in thermogenic plants.
Analytical Solution for the Anisotropic Rabi Model: Effects of Counter-Rotating Terms
Authors: Zhang Guofeng , Zhu Hanjie 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe anisotropic Rabi model, which was proposed recently, differs from the original Rabi model: the rotating and counter-rotating terms are governed by two different coupling constants. This feature allows us to vary the counter-rotating interaction independently and explore the effects of it on some quantum properties. In this paper, we eliminate the counter-rotating terms approximately and obtain the analytical energy spectrums and wavefunctions. These analytical results agree well with the numerical calculations in a wide range of the parameters including the ultrastrong coupling regime. In the weak counter-rotating coupling limit we find out that the counter-rotating terms can be considered as the shifts to the parameters of the Jaynes-Cummings model. This modification shows the validness of the rotating-wave approximation on the assumption of near-resonance and relatively weak coupling. Moreover, the analytical expressions of several physics quantities are also derived and the results show the break-down of the U(1)-symmetry and the deviation from the Jaynes-Cummings model.