bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manifold‐based feature point matching for multi‐modal image registration
Authors: Hu Liang , Wang Manning , Song Zhijian 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundImages captured using different modalities usually have significant variations in their intensities, which makes it difficult to reveal their internal structural similarities and achieve accurate registration. Most conventional feature‐based image registration techniques are fast and efficient, but they cannot be used directly for the registration of multi‐modal images because of these intensity variations.MethodsThis paper introduces the theory of manifold learning to transform the original images into mono‐modal modalities, which is a feature‐based method that is applicable to multi‐modal image registration. Subsequently, scale‐invariant feature transform is used to detect highly distinctive local descriptors and matches between corresponding images, and a point‐based registration is executed.ResultsThe algorithm was tested with T1‐ and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained from BrainWeb. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the method were performed and the results compared with those produced previously. The experiments showed that feature point matching after manifold learning achieved more accurate results than did the similarity measure for multi‐modal image registration.ConclusionsThis study provides a new manifold‐based feature point matching method for multi‐modal medical image registration, especially for MR images. The proposed method performs better than do conventional intensity‐based techniques in terms of its registration accuracy and is suitable for clinical procedures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating test‐to‐code traceability recovery methods through controlled experiments
Authors: Qusef Abdallah , Bavota Gabriele , Oliveto Rocco , Lucia Andrea De , Binkley David 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYRecently, different methods and tools have been proposed to automate or semi‐automate test‐to‐code traceability recovery. Among these, Slicing and Coupling based Test to Code trace Hunter (SCOTCH) exploits slicing and conceptual coupling to identify the classes tested by a JUnit test. However, until now the evaluation of test‐to‐code traceability recovery methods has been limited to experiments assessing their tracing accuracy rather than the actual support these methods provide to a software engineer during traceability recovery tasks. Indeed, a research method or tool has a better chance of being transferred to practitioners if it is supported by empirical evidence. In this paper, we present the results of two controlled experiments carried out to evaluate the support given by SCOTCH during traceability recovery, when compared with other traceability recovery methods. The results show that SCOTCH is able to suggest a higher number of correct links with higher accuracy, thus sensibly improving the performances of software engineers during test‐to‐code traceability recovery tasks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Übergänge in die Ausbildung: Welche Rolle spielt die Ausbildungsreife?
Authors: Kohlrausch Bettina , Solga Heike 
Published: November 2012

Zusammenfassung
Untersuchungen zeigen, dass der Übergang in eine voll qualifizierende Ausbildung für Hauptschüler/innen zunehmend schwieriger wird. Als Erklärung wird häufig die Annahme formuliert, dass mehr und mehr Hauptschulabgänger/innen die erforderliche Ausbildungsreife fehle, d. h. dass sie (noch) nicht den Anforderungen einer beruflichen Ausbildung gerecht würden. Es existieren keine empirischen Studien darüber, ob sich Hauptschulabgänger/innen mit und ohne Ausbildungsplatz wirklich in ihrer Ausbildungsreife unterscheiden. Dieser Frage wird im vorliegenden Beitrag auf Basis von Längsschnittdaten von niedersächsischen Hauptschulabgänger/innen nach Klasse 9 nachgegangen. Zentrale Ergebnisse der Analysen sind: 45 % dieser Abgänger/innen gelingt direkt nach dem Verlassen der Schule der Übergang in eine voll qualifizierende Ausbildung. Dabei spielen fachliche Leistungen eine geringere Rolle als die Note für das Arbeitsverhalten sowie Unterschiede in der betrieblichen Einbindung der Jugendlichen bereits während der Schulzeit. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass vor allem das Sozialverhalten als eine Dimension von Ausbildungsreife sowie – darüber hinausgehend – Möglichkeiten des Entdeckens von Stärken der Jugendlichen und nicht nur ihrer Schwächen wichtige Faktoren für den Erfolg von Hauptschüler/innen beim Übergang in eine Ausbildung sind.
A semantic approach for QoS specification of communication services using QoE parameters
Authors: Cé Júnior José , Prudêncio Achilles C. , Willrich Roberto , da Silva Madalena P. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Various operations related to Quality of Service (QoS) management in communication networks require the clients/users to specify the quality level of the network service. The current QoS proposals adopt a fixed set of performance parameters at the network level to specify quality levels, avoiding dealing with the problem of heterogeneity among QoS parameters and metrics during the service management. However, in several situations where humans are the end-users of the service, the quality level should be specified using Quality of Experience (QoE) parameters, more natural for humans than network performance parameters. On the other hand, the QoS specification using QoE parameters is not sufficient to the service providers; they must translate QoE parameters into network parameters. This paper proposes a semantic approach to the automatic QoE/QoS mapping using the Network QoS Ontology (NetQoSOnt), offering automatic and extensible translation between QoE and QoS parameters. The use of our proposal is illustrated by supporting a voice over IP service negotiation.
Protoliths of Paleoproterozoic calciphyres from the Irkut block (Sharyzhalgai uplift of the Siberian craton): composition and origin
Authors: Urmantseva L.N. , Turkina O.M. , Kapitonov I.N. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The paper presents data on high-grade silicate–carbonate rocks (calciphyres) from the Irkut block (Sharyzhalgai uplift, southwestern Siberian craton). Their origin and age were determined from the rock characteristics, U–Pb dating, REE content, and Hf isotope composition of zircon. The calciphyres occur both as independent section fragments and as interbeds within Paleoproterozoic garnet-bearing and high-alumina (cordierite- and sillimanite-bearing) gneisses. They were produced by metamorphism of terrigenous-carbonate sediments. The terrigenous sediments range in maturity from arenites and wackes to argillaceous rocks; this is consistent with the reconstruction of the sedimentary protoliths of paragneisses, which are predominant in the metasedimentary rocks. The petrogeochemical features of the calciphyres, their LREE enrichment relative to “pure” carbonate rocks, and a distinct Eu anomaly were inherited from the terrigenous component of calc-silicate sediments. The Nd model age (2.4–2.7 Ga) of the calciphyres and the value THf(DM-2st) = 2.5–3.0 Ga for zircon from these rocks indicate that carbonate accumulation was accompanied by the supply of terrigenous material, which formed during the erosion of Archean and Paleoproterozoic crust. Zircon from the calciphyres is similar to metamorphic zircon in REE patterns and Th/U ratios. It might have been of detrital origin and then recrystallized during high-temperature metamorphism. Terrigenous-silicate rocks were metamorphosed at ca. 1.87 Ga. This is close to the previous age estimates for the terrigenous rocks metamorphism (1.85–1.86 Ga) and the age of baddeleyite from apocarbonate metasomatic rocks (1.86 Ga).
The 1912 earthquake in South Baikal: traces in bottom sediments and gas release into the water column
Authors: Vologina E.G. , Sturm M. , Radziminovich Ya.B. , Vorob’eva S.S. , Shchetnikov A.A. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Large earthquakes took place in southern Cisbaikalia in the first half of 1912. They might have caused a mass release of gas (methane?) into the water column of Lake Baikal and the atmosphere near Sharyzhalgai station of the Circum-Baikal Railroad. This phenomenon was observed in August 1912 by the residents as rising water columns several meters high and reported in the regional press.
To find traces of this event, core was recovered from bottom sediments at a depth of 1300 m in winter 2010. The depth interval 1–8.7 cm is a homogeneous layer, no more than 100 years old (210Pb dating). The sediments here are poor in SiO2biog but richer in Corg than the underlying sediments. Also, they are marked by a considerable content of terrestrial plant remains, a lower content of planktonic diatoms, and higher contents of benthic and ancient diatoms. These data indicate that the layer under study formed as a result of the 1912 earthquake, with a considerable contribution from the littoral and shallow-water zones of Lake Baikal.
Reconstruction of the Holocene climate based on a carbonate sedimentary record from shallow saline Lake Verkhnee Beloe (western Transbaikalia)
Authors: Solotchina E.P. , Sklyarov E.V. , Solotchin P.A. , Vologina E.G. , Stolpovskaya V.N. , Sklyarova O.A. , Ukhova N.N. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
We present results of mineralogical and crystallochemical studies of the Holocene carbonate sediments of a small saline lake localized in the Borgoi dry-steppe region, western Transbaikalia. Mg-calcites with a varying Mg content are predominant in the assemblage of endogenic carbonate minerals from bottom sediments. Mathematical modeling of the XRD spectra of carbonates permitted us to identify excess-Ca dolomites, which are an indicator of a shallow (playa) lake. The studies showed that the lacustrine Mg-calcites do not form a continuous series from low- to high-Mg varieties. We discuss the cause of this phenomenon and also consider the existing viewpoints of the structure of low-temperature Mg-calcites and excess-Ca dolomites and their formation conditions in lacustrine sediments. Juxtaposing the carbonate record with the data of lithological analysis, determined stable isotopes (δ18O and δ13C), and distribution of some geochemical indicators of climatic changes, we reconstructed the intricate evolution of Lake Verkhnee Beloe, which was controlled by the regional climate since the postglacial period till the present day.
High-molecular heteroatomic components of crude oils of the Timan–Pechora petroliferous basin
Authors: Golovko A.K. , Kam’yanov V.F. , Ogorodnikov V.D. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Based on the experimentally measured parameters of elemental composition, average molecular masses, and PRM spectrometry data, we calculated the average structural parameters of resin and asphaltene molecules in Paleozoic crude oil of some oilfields in the Timan–Pechora petroliferous basin. The values of the structural parameters of cyclic and aliphatic fragments in the molecules of resin–asphaltene components of the crudes studied here are within the ranges established earlier for high-molecular compounds of crudes from other petroliferous basins. The average structural-group characteristics of resins in crudes from carbonate reservoirs vary over narrow ranges of values independently of the age and depth of occurrence of the reservoir. The resinous fractions of crudes from terrigenous horizons show symbatic enrichment with paraffin fragments and depletion with naphthene fragments of molecules with depth. This points to the presence of a paragenesis of petroleum hydrocarbons and heteroatomic compounds in the Earth’s interior.
Gender inequality from beyond the grave: intra-household distribution and wellbeing after spousal loss
Authors: HALLERÖD BJÖRN 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTThe present article integrates research on spousal loss among older people and research on intra-household income distribution and relates pre-loss intra-household distribution of incomes to post-loss wellbeing. Data are drawn from the Swedish Panel Survey of Ageing and the Elderly (PSAE) and consist of couples that were married in the mid-1990s (N=1,503) and that were either still married (N=1,262) or who had experienced spousal loss (N=241) in 2002–03. The results showed that large intra-household pre-loss income differences increased the occurrence of psycho-social problems among both widows and widowers. Hence, unequal intra-household distribution of resources makes the coping process harder for both men and women. It was also shown that unequal pre-loss distribution of incomes affected a measure of global wellbeing among widowers. Widows suffered to a greater degree from economic difficulties, but these difficulties were not related to pre-loss distribution of incomes. Thus, the overall results showed that a gendered labour market that generates an unequal intra-household distribution of incomes has repercussions not only for gender equality among intact households, but also for the coping process of both widows and widowers.
Effect of Hurricane Karl on a plant–ant network occurring in coastal Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Sánchez-Galván Ingrid R. , Díaz-Castelazo Cecilia , Rico-Gray Víctor 
Published: November 2012

Abstract:We analysed the effect of a hurricane on a plant–ant network and on vegetation cover. Plant cover was sampled using linear sampling in several vegetation types: deciduous forest, a dry forest, sand dune pioneers, sand dune scrub, ecotone of freshwater marsh, deciduous forest and dune scrub, and mangrove forest. We sampled ant–plant interactions and vegetation cover before and after Hurricane Karl hitting (September 2010) the central coast of the state of Veracruz, Mexico. The pre-hurricane network consisted of 16 plant and 25 ant species in 52 associations. The post-hurricane network consisted of 17 plant and 20 ant species in 56 associations. We found a significant decrease in the total linear cover of EFN-bearing plants between October 2009 (646 m, no hurricane effect) and October 2010 (393 m, after hurricane Karl) (total sample length 2025 m). Both networks were significantly nested (0.999 and 0.973, P < 0.001), suggesting that network topology remained similar. Our results show changes in several network characteristics and species proportions. The number of plant species that contributed to nestedness vs. idiosyncratic species did not differ significantly in the pre-hurricane network, while the number of plant species that contributed to nestedness vs. idiosyncratic species did differ significantly in the post-hurricane network. The number of ant species that contributed to nestedness vs. idiosyncratic species differed significantly in the pre-hurricane network, and also in the post-hurricane network. Differences in nestedness contributions of species before and after the hurricane reflect an alteration from a generalized, highly nested, more stable pre-disturbance network, to a more low-degree or specialized network (i.e. fewer interactions among generalist species, those species with the most associations). The maintenance of important core components of the network after a huge disturbance, suggests a short-term resilience typical of mutualistic networks.
Remote video-camera traps measure habitat use and competitive exclusion among sympatric chimpanzee, gorilla and elephant in Loango National Park, Gabon
Authors: Head Josephine S. , Robbins Martha M. , Mundry Roger , Makaga Loïc , Boesch Christophe 
Published: November 2012

Abstract:Species commonly exist in sympatry, yet ecological studies are often based on a single species approach while ignoring the impact of sympatric competitors. Over 13 mo we used 24 remote video-camera traps to monitor habitat use of sympatric chimpanzee, gorilla and elephant in four different habitat types in Loango National Park, Gabon. Habitat use by each species was predicted to vary according to seasonal changes in food availability and precipitation. Increased interspecific competition between the three species was expected at times of reduced resource availability, leading to exclusion of the inferior competitor. Supporting the predictions, species abundance per habitat showed seasonal variation: all three species responded positively to increased fruit availability in all habitats, but the response was only significant for gorilla in mature forest and elephant in coastal forest. Responses to rainfall varied, with the chimpanzee responding negatively to rainfall in swamp forest, the gorilla responding positively to rainfall in coastal and secondary forest, and the elephant responding positively to rainfall in mature forest. Elephant presence resulted in competitive exclusion of the apes under certain conditions: the chimpanzee was excluded by the elephant where fruit availability was low, whereas the gorilla was excluded by the elephant in areas of low herb density despite high fruit availability. Our results emphasize the value of applying a multi-species, longer-term approach to studying variation in habitat use among sympatric species and highlight the impact competitors can exert on one another's distribution.
Effects of fire on above-ground forest biomass in the northern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Martins Flora da Silva Ramos Vieira , Xaud Haron Abrahim Magalhães , dos Santos João Roberto , Galvão Lênio Soares 
Published: November 2012

Abstract:Fires can significantly affect the structure, floristic composition and biomass content of tropical forests, which are not adapted to this disturbance. To assess the impact of understorey fires on above-ground biomass, this study was conducted in the northern Brazilian Amazon (Roraima state), where uncontrolled forest fires are recurrent. Fifty plots (0.25 ha each) distributed across five fire disturbance classes were inventoried. Losses in biomass stocks were significant (−57% and −63%) for forests that suffered from recurrent fires and progressively occurred until some point between 3 and 7 y after the last fire, as deduced from previous studies. Twelve years after a fire event, biomass stocks were reconstituted, although differences in the floristic composition were associated with greater fire severity, particularly driven by the dominance of theCecropiaspp. In thrice-burned forests, live biomass reached levels of secondary forests of the same region. For large trees (> 50 cm dbh), the reduction (−54%) in biomass was significant in thrice-burned areas. These findings highlight the threat that fires represent for tropical rain forests and emphasise the need for long-term surveys in order to distinguish between the effects of fire severity, fire frequency and time-since-fire artefact.
Spermatogenesis inLeptodactylus chaquensis. Histological study
Authors: Villagra Ana Lucrecia Iruzubieta , Cisint Susana Beatriz , Crespo Claudia Alejandra , Medina Marcela Fátima , Ramos Inés , Fernández Silvia Nélida 
Published: November 2012

SummaryThe organization and the histological characteristics ofLeptodactylus chaquensistestis throughout the reproductive cycle were analyzed in the presented study. Gonads of adult males, processed with routine techniques for optical microscopy, revealed that during the reproductive period the seminiferous tubules were characterized by presentation of a large number of cysts, germ cells at the same maturation stage supported by Sertoli cells. All the germ line cells were also present in the postreproductive period and maintained their morphological characteristics. Primary spermatogonia were large-sized cells found isolated or in small groups. The rest of the cells of the germ line formed cysts. Secondary spermatogonia showed morphological characteristics similar to their predecessors, although they were smaller. Primary and secondary spermatocytes showed images of the different stages of the first and second meiotic division respectively. One finding was the presence of intercytoplasmic bridges between the secondary spermatocytes. Primary spermatids were rounded cells with an acrosomal vesicle associated with the nucleus and had cysts that were characterized by large intercellular spaces. Secondary spermatids were elongated cells with a well defined acrosome, which in the spermatozoa had the shape of an arrowhead. Another peculiar characteristic of this species was the fusion of the walls of the seminiferous tubule with the efferent duct that formed a path for spermatozoa during spermiation. The presence in the seminiferous tubules of all stages of the spermatogenic line during the two periods of the cycle studied indicated thatLeptodactylus chaquensishad a potentially continuous reproductive cycle.
Design of a Model to Predict Surge Capacity Bottlenecks for Burn Mass Casualties at a Large Academic Medical Center
Authors: Abir Mahshid , Davis Matthew M. , Sankar Pratap , Wong Andrew C. , Wang Stewart C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo design and test a model to predict surge capacity bottlenecks at a large academic medical center in response to a mass-casualty incident (MCI) involving multiple burn victims.MethodsUsing the simulation software ProModel, a model of patient flow and anticipated resource use, according to principles of disaster management, was developed based upon historical data from the University Hospital of the University of Michigan Health System. Model inputs included: (a) age and weight distribution for casualties, and distribution of size and depth of burns; (b) rate of arrival of casualties to the hospital, and triage to ward or critical care settings; (c) eligibility for early discharge of non-MCI inpatients at time of MCI; (d) baseline occupancy of intensive care unit (ICU), surgical step-down, and ward; (e) staff availability—number of physicians, nurses, and respiratory therapists, and the expected ratio of each group to patients; (f) floor and operating room resources—anticipating the need for mechanical ventilators, burn care and surgical resources, blood products, and intravenous fluids; (g) average hospital length of stay and mortality rate for patients with inhalation injury and different size burns; and (h) average number of times that different size burns undergo surgery. Key model outputs include time to bottleneck for each limiting resource and average waiting time to hospital bed availability.ResultsGiven base-case model assumptions (including 100 mass casualties with an inter-arrival rate to the hospital of one patient every three minutes), hospital utilization is constrained within the first 120 minutes to 21 casualties, due to the limited number of beds. The first bottleneck is attributable to exhausting critical care beds, followed by floor beds. Given this limitation in number of patients, the temporal order of the ensuing bottlenecks is as follows: Lactated Ringer's solution (4 h), silver sulfadiazine/Silvadene (6 h), albumin (48 h), thrombin topical (72 h), type AB packed red blood cells (76 h), silver dressing/Acticoat (100 h), bismuth tribromophenate/Xeroform (102 h), and gauze bandage rolls/Kerlix (168 h). The following items do not precipitate a bottleneck: ventilators, topical epinephrine, staplers, foams, antimicrobial non-adherent dressing/Telfa types A, B, or O blood. Nurse, respiratory therapist, and physician staffing does not induce bottlenecks.ConclusionsThis model, and similar models for non-burn-related MCIs, can serve as a real-time estimation and management tool for hospital capacity in the setting of MCIs, and can inform supply decision support for disaster management.AbirM, DavisMM, SankarP, WongAC, WangSC. Design of a model to predict surge capacity bottlenecks for burn mass casualties at a large academic medical center. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(1):1-10.