bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary Treatment for Peri‐Implantitis: A 24‐Month Follow‐Up Case Report
Authors: Sapata Vítor Marques , de Souza André Barbisan , Sukekava Flávia , Villar Cristina Cunha , César Neto João Batista 
Published: September 2015

Introduction: Although osseointegrated implants are a highly predictable and effective alternative in the rehabilitation of partially or totally edentulous patients, the prevalence of implant biologic complications has been rising. This report describes a case of peri‐implantitis involving multiple maxillary implants that was successfully treated by combining the removal of two implants, surgical debridement associated with implantoplasty of the remaining implants, and prosthetic design changes.Case Presentation: A 50‐year‐old female patient with a fixed full‐arch implant‐supported maxillary prosthesis presented with chief complaints of halitosis and difficulty in maintaining proper oral hygiene. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, a diagnosis of peri‐implantitis was established. Two implants were removed because of advanced peri‐implant bone loss and inadequate prosthetic positioning. The remaining implants were treated with access surgery, removal of granulation tissue, and implantoplasty of the exposed implant threads. Three months after surgery, an O‐ring‐retained bar overdenture was delivered. At 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment completion, peri‐implant probing depths (PDs) were reduced significantly. None of the implants exhibited residual PDs >4 mm, bleeding on probing, or suppuration. Moreover, peri‐implant bone levels remained stable over time.Conclusion: Surgical therapy combined with implantoplasty of the exposed threads and prosthetic design changes can be used successfully for treating peri‐implantitis.
Pelvic Fractures in Paediatric Polytrauma Patients: Classification, Concomitant Injuries and Early Mortality
Authors: Tosounidis Theodoros H , Sheikh Hassaan , Giannoudis Peter V 
Published: September 2015

Purpose of this Study :To review the characteristics, concomitant injuries and mortality in children with polytrauma and associated pelvic fractures treated in a Level-I Trauma Centre.Materials and Methods :Between December 2003 and November 2013, 49 children with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 16 or greater and a pelvic fracture met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated. The mortality, transfusion requirements and length of intensive care unit stay were correlated with the ISS, Abbreviated Injury Scale, concomitant limb and spine fractures, and type of pelvic ring injury (AO/OTA classification).Results :The mean ISS at presentation was 31.4 (range 16 to 57). 19 (38.7%) patients sustained a Type A, 27 (55.1%) a Type B and 3 (6.2%) a Type C injury. Head and face trauma was present in 33 (67.3%) cases. Blood transfusion during the resuscitation process was necessitated in six (12.2%) patients. Thirty-eight (77.5%) patients were managed non-operatively for their pelvic injuries. The mean duration of hospital stay was 23.9 days (range 1 to 146 days). In this cohort of polytrauma paediatric patients there were five (10.2%) mortalities (all suffered an associated head trauma ) within 30 days from the initial injury.Conclusion:Severe head injury and a high ISS are significantly associated with mortality in children with pelvic fractures. These patients have a high incidence of concomitant spine and chest injuries Hemorrhage due to pelvic injuries is rare. Severe head injuries predict a longer ICU stay in this population.
On the information leakage of differentially-private mechanisms
Authors: Alvim Mário S. , Andrés Miguel E. , Chatzikokolakis Konstantinos , Degano Pierpaolo , Palamidessi Catuscia 
Published: September 2015

Abstract Differential privacy aims at protecting the privacy of participants in statistical databases. Roughly, a mechanism satisfies differential privacy if the presence or value of a single individual in the database does not significantly change the likelihood of obtaining a certain answer to any statistical query posed by a data analyst. Differentially-private mechanisms are often oblivious: first the query is processed on the database to produce a true answer, and then this answer is adequately randomized before being reported to the data analyst. Ideally, a mechanism should minimize leakage – i.e., obfuscate as much as possible the link between reported answers and individuals’ data – while maximizing utility – i.e., report answers as similar as possible to the true ones. These two goals, however, are in conflict with each other, thus imposing a trade-off between privacy and utility. In this paper we use quantitative information flow principles to analyze leakage and utility in oblivious differentially-private mechanisms. We introduce a technique that exploits graph symmetries of the adjacency relation on databases to derive bounds on the min-entropy leakage of the mechanism. We consider a notion of utility based on identity gain functions, which is closely related to min-entropy leakage, and we derive bounds for it. Finally, given some graph symmetries, we provide a mechanism that maximizes utility while preserving the required level of differential privacy.
Lung ventilation/perfusion SPECT for diagnosing pulmonary embolism
Authors: Meyer A. , Knollmann D. , Schaefer W. M. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryV/P-SPECT is a sensitive and specific procedure for the detection or exclusion of pulmonary embolism. It is important to conform to the guidelines in order to obtain reliable results. The sequence usually starts with the ventilation, followed by the perfusion scan. According to the current guidelines the count rate of the second study should be at least 3 times that of the first study. It is not always easy to meet this requirement, particularly since the deposed quantity of ventilation activity is not well known. The aim was therefore to analyse data from a multicentre survey to determine whether this essential precondition was strictly met. Methods. In a multicentre survey 48 tertiary hospitals were asked to submit projections of all V/P-SPECT studies performed in January 2014. In total, 286 complete data sets from 16 institutions could be evaluated. First, the count rates of the first projections from the V-studies were subtracted from those of the P-studies. The resulting count rates in the first SPECT projections were then divided to calculate the activity ratios between the pure perfusion and ventilation scans (P/V-ratio at least 3 according to the guidelines). Results: The range of the P/V ratio was 0.57–78.71, the mean P/V ratio was 6.94 ± 9.56. For 71 of the 286 external V/P studies (about 25%) the P/V ratio was< 3, in 23 studies (about 8%) the ratio failed to even reach the factor 2. Conclusions: An activity ratio of 3 between the perfusion and ventilation scan was not reached in about 25% of the 286 V/P studies (in around 8% the P/V ratio was<2), so that V/P studies were performed inadequately in a considerable number of procedures. Controlling the count rate increase during the perfusion tracer application (e. g. by handheld monitor) is therefore essential to avoid insufficient data.
L’État peut-il demander aux citoyens de contrôler les policiers ?
Authors: Martinez Candice 
Published: September 2015

Dans la deuxième moitié des années 1990, l’Argentine met en place des réformes inspirées du modèle community policing . Leur objectif est d’introduire des mesures de contrôle des policiers par les citoyens pour pallier la faiblesse de celui mené par les autorités publiques. Cette stratégie s’est heurtée aux résistances de ceux sur qui elle devait reposer : les habitants. À partir d’observations menées dans des réunions de quartiers, d’entretiens auprès de fonctionnaires du gouvernement et de jeunes hommes et femmes, cet article montre pourquoi ces réformes sont rejetées.
Un âge refusé
Authors: Bodin Romuald , Douat Étienne 
Published: September 2015

Cet article rappelle d’abord l’importance de la proximité entre les parcours de vie de la jeunesse populaire et ceux de la jeunesse handicapée. Elles sont l’une et l’autre confrontées à des conditions très comparables, notamment au moment du passage à l’âge adulte. L’analyse se resserre ensuite sur ce qui constitue l’une des spécificités des trajectoires de cette jeunesse handicapée. La « gestion bureaucratique des biographies » à laquelle celle-ci est confrontée lui impose une temporalité où sont sans cesse repoussées les étapes constituant idéalement la transition vers l’âge adulte, et tend à l’exclure d’expériences socialisatrices parmi les plus communes.
Huit millions et demi de pauvres...
Authors: Gelot Didier 
Published: September 2015

Dans un contexte de crise économique et face à la montée de la pauvreté et de l’exclusion sociale, le gouvernement a adopté, le 23 janvier 2013, un plan pluriannuel de lutte contre les exclusions couvrant la période 2012-2017. Une des originalités de ce plan repose, entre autres, sur le fait d’avoir confié à François Chérèque une mission annuelle de suivi de sa mise en œuvre. Ce plan, très complet dans ses objectifs, malgré une conjoncture économique défavorable enregistre une montée en charge globalement positive. L’ensemble des pays de l’Union européenne se sont engagés à réduire de 20 millions le nombre de personnes en situation de pauvreté et d’exclusion sociale à l’horizon 2020, dont 1,6 million pour la France. Sans anticiper sur les développements futurs, on peut cependant s’interroger sur la possibilité d’atteindre cet objectif.
L’inclusion scolaire en question(s). Impacts sur les pratiques enseignantes
Authors: Galasso-Chaudet Nicole , Chaudet Vincent 
Published: September 2015

Cet article examine la définition du terme « inclusion » dans le paysage de l’éducation scolaire, puis dresse un bref historique de son apparition (et non-apparition) dans les textes officiels concernant l’école en France, à partir de la loi du 11 février 2005 « pour l’égalité des droits et des chances, la participation et la citoyenneté des personnes handicapées ». Notre détour par l’approche terminologique, en rapport avec des pratiques de terrain et des logiques d’action en jeu, montre que ce mouvement d’inclusion d’élèves handicapés s’est accentué et diffusé dans le milieu scolaire ces dernières années (depuis la loi 2005), notamment à partir du concept de « Besoins éducatifs particuliers » ( bep ) plutôt que du terme d’« inclusion » (qui n’apparaît pratiquement jamais), sous le coup du principe de la « scolarisation en milieu ordinaire » et qui constitue en définitive un bouleversement des pratiques quotidiennes des enseignants. Tout enseignant dans une classe ordinaire est en effet désormais confronté, parfois de manière paradoxale, à la prise en compte d’une diversité d’élèves à bep (primo-arrivants, allophones, troubles du comportement, déficiences intellectuelles, intellectuellement précoces...) dont il ressort certes des impasses, mais aussi l’émergence d’ingéniosités nouvelles. Nous en arrivons à aborder ce qu’il en est de la reconfiguration, par « montages composites » avec une prédominance de la logique domestique, de la professionnalisation de l’enseignant « en contexte d’inclusion ».
De la fragilité à la réclusion sociale et de l’assistance au développement territorial : des dynamiques d’inclusion en secteur rural
Authors: Lyet Philippe 
Published: September 2015

Les territoires ruraux sont faiblement couverts par les politiques publiques et connaissent des difficultés récurrentes en matière de mobilité et d’isolement. L’exclusion y prend une forme particulière que nous avons nommée réclusion sociale, qui se caractérise par une mise à distance des ressources de l’assistance et par une stigmatisation permanente. Les pauvres se retrouvent comme prisonniers de territoires où ils rencontrent de fortes difficultés d’intégration. Ils se replient sur eux-mêmes, ajoutant à cette réclusion externe une réclusion interne, un retrait de la vie sociale qui est une manière pour eux d’échapper à la honte. Sur certains territoires, les relations d’aide de type clinique se développent dans des dispositifs qui répondent à l’isolement et à la faible mobilité, à la faiblesse de l’offre publique et à la stigmatisation. Inscrits dans un projet politique, ces dispositifs proposent des alternatives à l’assistance, dont on sait depuis Georg Simmel qu’elle construit la pauvreté. La société locale et les acteurs des politiques publiques se mobilisent et mettent les « pauvres » en situation de ne pas être considérés comme responsables de leur situation, en leur proposant de véritables dynamiques inclusives.
Handicap et démocratie
Authors: Blanc Alain 
Published: September 2015

Par l’intermédiaire de leurs représentants, durant le xx e siècle, les personnes handicapées ont intégré la société française : leurs instances de représentation participent activement aux mécanismes de la démocratie formelle, ce dont témoignent l’élaboration et l’affermissement du secteur du handicap dont les élites ont contribué à définir les termes de l’action publique. Mais alors que la démocratie formelle offre un cadre permettant une accessibilité équivalente pour l’ensemble des populations, la gestion du handicap se caractérise aussi par de multiples freins, matériels, sociaux et immatériels, dessinant les termes d’une inaccessibilité : en ce cas, la démocratie formelle se donne pour ce qu’elle est, un voile protecteur, masquant les inégalités pointées par les tenants de la démocratie réelle. La difficulté de réalisation de cette dernière est illustrée par une tendance des sociétés démocratiques, la vitesse d’accélération qui souligne les écarts de rythmes entre valides et handicapés.
Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Nursing Competence Self-Efficacy Scale
Authors: Kennedy Evelyn , Murphy Gail Tomblin , Misener Ruth Martin , Alder Robert 
Published: September 2015

Background:The study aim was to develop and psychometrically assess an instrument to measure baccalaureate nursing students’ self-efficacy for practice competence. Social cognitive theory includes the construct of self-efficacy and supports this study.Method:Before the Nursing Competence Self-Efficacy Scale (NCSES) was administered to senior nursing students (N= 252), nursing experts in research, practice, instrument development, and psychometrics participated in a two-step validation process consisting of two reviews. Construct validity assessments included content, face, contrasting groups, criterion, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The chosen EFA solution consisted of 22 items, each moderately or highly loaded by one of four factors deemed to be interpretable and parsimonious.Results:The initial psychometric assessment of the NCSES supported construct validity, internal consistency reliability (.919), and test–retest stability reliability (r= .831).Conclusion:With further psychometric assessment, the NCSES can be useful to evaluate new curriculum interventions aimed at increasing students’ self-efficacy for comprehensive practice competence. [J Nurs Educ.2015;54(10):550–558.]
Utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided-fine-needle aspiration and additional value of cell block in the diagnosis of mediastinal granulomatous lymphadenopathy
Authors: Zaidi Shaesta Naseem , Raddaoui Emad 
Published: September 2015

Background:Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration is a minimally invasive technique for diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. Although most studies have reported the utility of EBUS-FNA in malignancy, its use has been extended to the benign conditions as well.Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic yield and cytologic accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-FNA) in cases of clinically and radiologically suspected granulomatous diseases.Patients and Method:From May 2010 to April 2015, 43 of 115 patients who underwent EBUS-FNA at one center for radiologically and clinically suspicious granulomatous lesions, and with no definite histological diagnosis, were included in this retrospective study.Results:When the histological diagnosis was taken as the gold standard, the sensitivity of EBUS-FNA was 85% and specificity was 100% with the positive predictive value of 100. The combined diagnostic sensitivity of EBUS-FNA and transbronchial lung biopsy was 100%. In 4 cases, cell block provided an exclusive morphological diagnosis of sarcoidosis which was noncontributory by EBUS-FNA.Conclusion:Our study supports the use of EBUS-FNA, by virtue of being a safe, minimally invasive, and an outpatient procedure, in the diagnosis of granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy, thereby obviating more invasive testing in a significant number of patients. Also, cell block provides additional data in the diagnosis in these benign mediastinal diseases.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain and Assessment of Ergonomic Factors in Undergraduate Dental Students: An Observational Study
Authors: Kumar R Vinaya , Anuroopa P , Nalini MS , Savita S 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
The musculoskeletal health of dental pro- fessionals has been the focus of several studies globally. It has been estimated that work-related musculoskeletal injuries occur in 54 to 93% of dental professionals. However, when it comes to studies carried out on dental students, there is a dearth of information. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the ergonomic factors and presence of muscular pain in dental students undergoing clinical training at Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, India.

Materials and methods
Data collection was carried out on a sample of 103 students pursuing their undergraduate program in dentistry using a structured questionnaire comprising questions pertaining to the recipient's sociodemographic information, ergonomic features, medical information, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) resulting from clinical practice, musculoskeletal demands, posture related queries, workplace, instruments and exercises.

Results
The results of this study revealed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in dental students. Further, the study also highlighted the lack of knowledge among the students which could have led to the aggravation of symptoms.

Conclusion
Therefore, it is essential to include ergonomics in the dental curriculum so as to educate students regarding adoption of healthy postures and subsequently reduce the risk of MSDs. The etiology of musculoskeletal disease is multifactorial and consequently preventive strategies should focus on ergo- nomics, breaks at work, general health and physical exercise.

How to cite this article
Kumar RV, Anuroopa P, Nalini MS, Savita S. Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain and Assessment of Ergonomic Factors in Undergraduate Dental Students: An Observational Study. J Health Sci Res 2014;5(2):1-5.
Inhibition of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 Alpha Radiosensitized MG-63 Human Osteosarcoma Cells in Vitro
Authors: Jin Zhu , Aixi Yu , Baiwen Qi , Zonghuan Li , Xiang Hu 
Published: September 2015

Aims and background Hypoxia is a fundamental microenvironmental component of osteosarcoma which induces activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway. Overexpression of HIF-1α has been linked to tumor resistance to radio- or chemotherapy. However, little is known about the effects of HIF-1α inhibition on hypoxic radioresistance of human osteosarcoma cells. Here, we investigated the effects of HIF-1α inhibition on cell survival and radiosensitivity in the MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell line. Methods HIF-1α inhibition was achieved by small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting of HIF-1α or via chetomin. Inhibition of the HIF-1 pathway was determined by monitoring the expression levels of HIF-1α, carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Clonogenic assay was performed after irradiation (2-10 Gy) to investigate the effect of HIF-1α inhibition on the radiosensitivity of human osteosarcoma cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Results Compared to the control groups, treatment with HIF-1α siRNA or chetomin significantly reduced the hypoxia-inducible radioresistance of MG-63 cells. However, siRNA and chetomin showed different effects on the radiosensitivity under normoxic conditions. Conclusions Our results indicate that inhibition of HIF-1α effectively decreases hypoxia-induced transcription and radiosensitizes hypoxic MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells in vitro.
“What's he a judge of?”
Authors: Comyn Joshua 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this article, I argue that the character of Judge Holden in Blood Meridian ought to be regarded as the fictional author of the novel, and that the kid ought to be considered a sign of the reader of Blood Meridian within the text of Blood Meridian itself. I argue further that the particular challenge the novel presents its kid-as-reader, the act of critical judgment that it requires this figure to perform, is that of apprehending the judge, of judging him. I then argue that the difficulty of accomplishing such an act of judgment is due to the fact that it threatens to repeat the acts of judgment already performed by the judge in the novel, with the implication that if the reader is to avoid doubling such a regime of judgment and its specifically scriptural violence, then this judgment must be performed in a manner that is different to the judgment meted out by the judge in the novel. I conclude my argument by affirming the necessity of an ethics of reading that is in exception to the judge's regime of textual violence, and offer a reading of the novel that demonstrates what such an ethics of reading may look like in practice.
News Madder Yet
Authors: Nash Woods 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis article contends that, for his portrayals of Eastern State Hospital in both Child of God and Suttree, McCarthy drew on at least one specific news story. That story, “Conditions at Eastern State Appalling,” was written by Charles Appleton and appeared in the Knoxville Journal on January 25, 1971. Appleton's story—and others that soon followed it—contain numerous details that McCarthy very likely borrowed and redeployed in both novels and in an unpublished episode from Suttree. As I survey those details, I also advance a proposal as to the interpretive significance of this newly foregrounded place: In Child of God and Suttree, Eastern State Hospital serves as a further, potent means of questioning—and perhaps even subverting—the distinction between a “civilized” society and its outcasts, such as persons it deems “mentally ill.”
Dreaming the Border Trilogy
Authors: White Christopher T. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Cormac McCarthy's Border Trilogy dramatizes the power of dreams and waking visions to reveal aspects or dimensions of reality that by their very nature seem resistant to language. The Trilogy accomplishes this through its numerous depictions of character dreams and visionary events, but also through unconventional stylistic and narrational features implying that what the reader is encountering in the text is a kind of dreamlike otherworld, translated by its oracular narrator into a more familiar idiom, the “spoken word.” McCarthy's thematic interest in the dreamer-storyteller analogy and his distinctive use of a visionary narrative voice throughout the Trilogy challenge any straightforward understanding we might have about the process of narrative creation, which in McCarthy's case (and perhaps more broadly) seems to be characterized by a blurry interaction between creativity and reception, authorship and readership.