bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conflict management principles for groups and teams
Authors: Kolb Judith A. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose research‐based principles of conflict management that are grounded in practical experience.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a review of literature on topics related to each of four proposed conflict management principles as well as practical advice on implementing the principles.FindingsThe principles are as follows: take action early in the conflict cycle; use ground rules to encourage productive discussion of disagreements; discuss substantive conflict issues openly with the entire group; and discuss interpersonal conflict issues with the entire group only if doing so is concurrent with the purpose, time availability, and skill set of the group.Practical implicationsThe principles should be useful to anyone who works with or on teams.Originality/valueThis paper provides a useful review of literature and proposes four conflict management principles that are based on research and grounded in practice.
Developing the next generation of leaders
Authors: Hagemann Bonnie , Stroope Saundra 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe fundamental skills leaders need to master include creating vision, leading teams, driving for results, and managing performance have not changed from the past. The aim of this paper is to explore the development of the next generation of leaders.Design/methodology/approachThe bigger issue is that the majority of next generation leaders are just not ready and do not have the skills necessary to lead. This emphasizes the strong need for clear succession plans and a proactive emphasis on the development of high potentials and emerging leaders.FindingsAt the executive level the most commonly used development strategy is executive coaching.Originality/valueGiven the changing workforce demographics with the large number of Baby Boomers entering retirement and the pace of change organizations face today, the development of high potential and emerging leader talent pools is vital. Development is more important today than it has been in the past to attracting and retaining talent within organizations. Critical thinking skills and leadership skills such as leading change, creating vision, engaging others top the list of skills imperative to success.
Patterns of graduate students' information seeking behavior: a meta‐synthesis of the literature
Authors: Catalano Amy 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this review is to draw out patterns of information seeking behavior of graduate students as described in the empirical research published from 1997 to the present.Design/methodology/approachA systematic search of databases for studies on information behavior and graduate students was employed in order to retrieve studies for a systematic review. Common themes that emerged from the literature were synthesized into a discussion of behavior patterns. Additionally a study quality analysis was conducted for all retrieved studies using a critical appraisal checklist for library and information research.FindingsThis review revealed that graduate students begin their research on the internet much like any other information seeker, consult their faculty advisors before other people, and use libraries in diverse ways depending on the discipline studied. Additionally differences were noted between international and home students, and doctoral and master's students.Practical implicationsThe findings of this review indicate that information behavior research conducted on graduate students should delineate between masters' and doctoral students. Further, the findings may inform both academic librarian and faculty practice as to how to assist students with their research by helping them to understand how students typically approach research and how other institutions address common issues with special populations, such as non‐native speakers and distance learners.Originality/valueNo comprehensive review of information behavior studies, encompassing only the behaviors of graduate students has been conducted to date.
The stranger's tale: information seeking as an outsider activity
Authors: Hultgren Frances 
Published: March 2013

PurposeWith a departure point in the Schutzian concept of “The stranger”, the aim of the article is to examine the usefulness of the concept as a tool for understanding information seeking practices from an outsider perspective in the context of leaving school and planning to apply to a university programme in Sweden.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on the phenomenological sociology of Schutz together with narrative theory. In this study stories of information seeking gathered in interviews are related to a discourse of nationality and analysed using the concept of cognitive authority together with the concept of the stranger.FindingsThe findings reveal the effort required for young people with roots in other countries or from non‐academic homes to connect and interact with potentially valuable sources of information and that the concept of the stranger can be employed to render visible implicit dimensions of information seeking.Research limitations/implicationsThe article is based on an in‐depth study of the information seeking activities of one young person in a specific national, political and cultural context. It is particular and personal but at the same time can be related to wider issues in contemporary society through narrative analysis. The stories of information seeking taken up exemplify the social nature of barriers of access to information and may be of help in the planning of research projects on a larger scale.Originality/valueIn a time when a discourse of nationality is pervasive and integration policies are under question in Europe this study provides insight into the individual experience from the perspective of library and information science.
Contents and structure of abstracts
Authors: Šauperl Alenka , Jamar Nina , Němečková Lenka , Veselá Eliška , Dobrovolny Victor 
Published: March 2013

PurposePublishers of some scientific journals and the ISO standard require or recommend specific information to be present in abstracts. However, little is known whether this is what scientists give when they write abstracts. The aim of this paper is to test the structure of abstracts in Czech, Slovenian and international scientific journals in the English language in the areas of library and information science (IS) and materials science (MS).Design/methodology/approachA total of 100 research paper abstracts were selected from each journal, and content analysis was performed both manually and using Weft QDA qualitative analysis software.FindingsThe results show that neither the ISO nor the Emerald structure is entirely appropriate. Abstracts in IS usually have the following structure: Ikaros (CZ): background, purpose of the research project; Knjižnica (SI): background, results only indicated; Journal of Documentation: results, methods, and purpose. In MS, the abstracts usually report on the following. Czech MS journals: background, methods, results; Materiali in Tehnologije (SI): methods, background; Materials Science and Technology (international): methods, results. The differences can in part be attributed to the varying disciplines and to the different roles of journals in professional societies and to cultural differences in perception regarding the role of abstracts.Social implicationsIt seems that purpose and results are usual for information science, while methods and results are more frequent for materials science.Originality/valueThis relatively small sample gives the first insight into the culture of writing abstracts in smaller research communities.
A complex network approach to supply chain network theory
Authors: Hearnshaw Edward J.S. , Wilson Mark M.J. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance supply chain network theory by applying theoretical and empirical developments in complex network literature to the context of supply chains as complex adaptive systems. The authors synthesize these advancements to gain an understanding of the network properties underlying efficient supply chains. To develop a suitable theory of supply chain networks, the authors look to mirror the properties of complex network models with real‐world supply chains.Design/methodology/approachThe authors review complex network literature drawn from multiple disciplines in top scientific journals. From this interdisciplinary review a series of propositions are developed around supply chain complexity and adaptive phenomena.FindingsThis paper proposes that the structure of efficient supply chains follows a “scale‐free” network. This proposal emerges from arguments that the key properties of efficient supply chains are a short characteristic path length, a high clustering coefficient and a power law connectivity distribution.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors' discussion centres on applying advances found in recent complex network literature. Hence, the need is noted to empirically validate the series of propositions developed in this paper in a supply chain context.Practical implicationsIf efficient supply chains resemble a scale‐free network, then managers can derive a number of implications. For example, supply chain resilience is derived by the presence of hub firms. To reduce the vulnerability of supply chains to cascading failures, it is recognized that managers could build in redundancy, undertake a multi‐sourcing strategy or intermediation between hub firms.Originality/valueThis paper advances supply chain network theory. It offers a novel understanding of supply chains as complex adaptive systems and, in particular, that efficient and resilient supply chain systems resemble a scale‐free network. In addition, it provides a series of propositions that allow modelling and empirical research to proceed.
A meta‐analysis of the determinants of modified audit opinion decisions
Authors: Habib Ahsan 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a meta‐analysis of the effect of: auditor and audit‐related variables; and firm‐specific variables on auditors' propensity to issue modified audit opinions. Auditor and audit‐related variables include Big N affiliation, audit firm industry specialization, audit firm and audit partner tenure, provision of non audit services and audit report lag. Some of the important firm‐specific variables include firm size, leverage, and profitability.Design/methodology/approachThe Stouffer combined test is employed as the meta‐analysis technique for this paper. The test produces a z‐statistic that can be used to test the direction and significance of the effect of the hypothesized variables on the propensity of auditors to issue modified audit opinions. A total of 73 published studies are aggregated from 1982 to 2011.FindingsMeta‐analysis result reveals that the effect of audit and auditor‐related variables on audit opinion decisions is far from conclusive. Big N affiliation and audit report lag variables are found to be positively related while the association between non‐audit fees and modified audit opinion decisions is negative. However, the significant effect of non‐audit fee variable is found only in non US studies. Evidence on the effect of firm‐specific variables on auditors' propensity to issue modified audit opinions is broadly consistent with hypotheses formulated in the published studies.Practical implicationsMeta‐analysis statistically aggregates results across individual studies and corrects for statistical artefacts like sampling and measurement error and, thereby, provides much greater precision with respect to the findings, compared with narrative reviews. The findings should be relevant for the current project on audit reporting initiated by the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB).Originality/valueAudit opinion formulation is a complex procedure that culminates in the issuance of appropriate audit opinions. This paper adds value to the strand of audit opinion formulation research by documenting that some of the variables are more significant in explaining auditors' modified audit opinion decisions compared to other variables.
Social versus conservative democracies and homicide rates
Authors: Marktanner Marcus , Noiset Luc 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to critique recent findings that democratic practices are positively related to homicide rates.Design/methodology/approachEconomic rational choice model supported by empirical evidence.FindingsIt was found that higher homicide rates are only characteristic of democracies that fail to respond to the median voter's call for equitable social development.Originality/valueThe paper makes an original distinction between conservative and social democracies, operationalizes this distinction theoretically and empirically, and shows that higher homicide rates are a phenomenon of conservative, not social, democracies.
Preparation and characteristic analyses of polymer coatings developed by different organic resins
Authors: Ramesh K. , Vengadaesvaran B. , Rau S.R. , Ramesh T.S. , Arof A.K. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeCorrosion is an important problem to be taken care in terms of economic and ecological aspects. The aim of this paper is to identify the methods of protection and selection of materials for corrosion protection.Design/methodology/approachA novel attempt has been made to formulate a hybrid composite paint system using silicone (S2) and polyester (P3) resins. These resins have been blended in different weight ratios to develop binder for protection coatings. Cross‐hatch test, impact resistance test, thermal characterization, impedance measurement and potential‐time measurement were conducted on binder coated steel panels. Heat resistance test was carried out using ASTM D2485 standards.FindingsThe results showed that physical and mechanical properties of the coatings have been improved by the addition of silicone into the polyester matrix. The binder system developed using 50 wt per cent polyester and 50 wt per cent silicone showed good physical, mechanical properties and high thermal resistance. The maximum coating resistance of the coatings after 30 days exposure was found to be 9.7×106 Ω and the coating can withstand high temperature up to 473 K.Research limitations/implicationsThe development of different types of coatings will be useful to achieve higher protection performance. The combinations of different resins and pigments have to be analysed and selected suitable compositions.Practical implicationsThe objective of this study is to develop coating system with different resins to achieve better performance and reduce the cost of paint materials. It may be useful for the industries to move forward with new formulation using multicomponent coating materials. A critical combination of the above resins offers better protection for steel structures from high temperature corrosive environments.Originality/valueThe formulation of coating material using two different resins and a single curing agent is a novel approach in this research. This type of research will open new ideas of formulating different coatings using various types of resins. In high temperature corrosion environment, the coatings which is commonly used is silicone based and the price of the raw material is very high therefore to reduce the cost of the raw material, the silicone resin is being blended in different ratios with organic resin to obtain an optimum ratio which can be applied to overcome high temperature corrosion on steel panels.
Community identification increases consumer‐to‐consumer helping, but not always
Authors: Johnson Zachary , Massiah Carolyn , Allan Jeffrey 
Published: March 2013

PurposeWhen consumers help other users of the same brand, both the brand and consumers benefit. To determine when consumer‐to‐consumer helping behaviors occur and to help managers encourage this value‐creating activity, this paper aims to investigate relationships between social identification and helping behavior intentions within a consumption community and its subgroups.Design/methodology/approachSurveys were given to consumers identified as members of a consumption community during an annual consumption event. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsConsumers' identification with the overall community was positively related to helping behavior intentions toward the overall community, but not subgroup level. Subgroup identification was positively related to helping at the subgroup but negatively related to helping behavior intentions at the community level. When consumers identify with the overall community, they assist other consumers. However, consumers are less likely to help consumers in the overall community when identifying with a subgroup.Practical implicationsWhen consumers identify with a consumption community and its subgroups, their identification can lead to helping between members. Voluntary helping between consumers provides value to consumers and contributes to the firm's value‐creation process. This study helps managers understand how consumption community development simultaneously encourages and discourages consumer value‐creation through helping behaviors.Originality/valueThis study examines consumer value‐creation through the context of consumer helping intentions within consumption communities on a continuum, as opposed to the dichotomy implied by prior research. This study empirically demonstrates how consumers' membership in subgroups can motivate consumers to help some, but not other consumption community members.
Donors' experience of sustained charitable giving: a phenomenological study
Authors: Prendergast Gerard P. , Hak Wai Maggie Chan 
Published: March 2013

PurposeCharitable organizations need to have an in‐depth understanding of their donors in order to retain their donations and attract new donors. This is particularly the case when the relationship with the donor is expected to be sustained rather than a one‐off donation. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to discover the essence of donors' experiences of joining a child sponsorship program. The central research question is: What does it mean to be a child sponsor?Design/methodology/approachA phenomenological methodology was used to explore the experiences associated with charitable giving for individuals providing long‐term financial support to disadvantaged children.FindingsAn analysis of 84 significant statements from a series of in‐depth interviews revealed that sponsors experience both gains and losses from sponsoring a child. Financial ability and peers are influential in motivating child sponsorship, but the decision to sponsor a child is often not shared with family members. Sponsors indicated that they want to establish a close relationship with their sponsored child and they tend to sponsor children whom they perceive as similar in some respect to themselves.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focused on existing sponsors and did not consider lapsers. Second, although interviewing was continued to the point of saturation, and although the sample size was relatively large for a phenomenological study, caution must be exercised when trying to extrapolate the findings to a broader population.Practical implicationsCharities should take a proactive role in managing communication between beneficiaries and sponsors. It is particularly important for the beneficiaries to communicate with the sponsors so as to give the sponsor the feeling of sponsoring a friend/family member. Charities could encourage their current sponsors to actively share their happiness and satisfaction with their friends. Testimonials and referral programs wherein happy sponsors share their experiences with potential sponsors would probably be productive. Finally, charities should aim to match sponsors and beneficiaries, at least in terms of nationality.Originality/valueThis is the first study to investigate long‐term charitable giving using an interpretative framework. The findings extend understanding of the experiences underlying sustained charitable giving and will be useful for charitable organizations seeking to understand more about the experiences of sponsors. Consideration of the findings will help charities maintain long‐term donor relationships and encourage more people to undertake long‐term sponsorship commitments.
A conceptual framework for systematic reviews of research in educational leadership and management
Authors: Hallinger Philip 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a framework for scholars carrying out reviews of research that meet international standards for publication.Design/methodology/approachThis is primarily a conceptual paper focusing on the methodology of conducting systematic reviews of research. However, the paper draws on a database of reviews of research previously conducted in educational leadership and management. In a separate effort, the author identified 40 reviews of research that had been published in educational leadership conducted over the past five decades. The paper draws upon narrative examples from the empirical review as a means of clarifying and elaborating on the elements of the conceptual framework. The paper also refers to specific findings from the earlier paper in order to illustrate broader trends with respect to how the various elements of the framework have been employed in exemplary reviews.FindingsAs scholars working across a broad range of scientific fields suggest, high quality reviews of research represent a potentially powerful means of reducing the gap between research and practice. Yet, the quality of research reviews conducted in educational leadership and management remain highly variable in methodological rigor. This paper provides a conceptual framework and language that scholars might use to guide the conduct and evaluation of future research reviews in educational leadership and management.Research limitations/implicationsThe contribution of this paper lies first in highlighting the need for scholars to employ systematic methods when conducting research reviews in educational leadership and management. Beyond this broad purpose, the paper provides a framework for decision‐making at different points in the review process, and a set of criteria or standards by which authors, readers and reviewers can judge the quality of a research review. It is hoped that this conceptual framework can provide useful methodological guidance that will enhance longstanding efforts in our field to advance knowledge in a more systematic and coherent fashion.Originality/valueThis originality of this paper lies in its adaptation and application of recent methodological advances in conducting reviews of research across the natural and social sciences to the field of educational leadership and management. A search of core journals in educational leadership and management found not a single paper that discussed methods of conducting reviews of research. The paper offers a clear framework that will allow future scholars in educational leadership and management to improve the quality of their research reviews.