bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric study of seed‐layer formation for low‐temperature hydrothermal growth of highly oriented ZnO films on glass substrates
Authors: Podlogar Matejka , Vengust Damjan , Richardson Jacob J. , Strojnik Martin , Mazaj Matjaž , Trefalt Gregor , Daneu Nina , Rečnik Aleksander , Bernik Slavko 
Published: February 2013

AbstractApplications involving transparent conducting films (TCFs), such as flat‐panel displays and touch screens technologies, are dominated by indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO). Increasing prices of indium in hand with weaknesses of ITO films make a strong argument for alternative TCFs with competitive characteristics and lower price. Here we demonstrate the potential of highly oriented zinc oxide (ZnO) films grown on glass substrates under low‐temperature hydrothermal (HT) conditions at 90 °C from aqueous solutions of Zn‐nitrate and Na‐citrate. Formation of a continuous ZnO seed‐layer with proper thickness, grain size, connectivity, and orientation of seed‐grains on glass is shown to be essential to achieve conditions for the growth of highly oriented (0001), smooth, transparent, and conductive ZnO films according to the spatially confined oriented growth (SCOG) mechanism. The film grown on homogeneous seed‐layer with grain size of about 20 nm showed optical transmittance of up to 82% and relatively low resistivity for undoped ZnO ceramic in order of few 100 Ω sq−1. Such characteristics are explained by highly oriented crystalline texture and high coalescence of ZnO crystals in these films.
Handling renewable energy variability and uncertainty in power systems operation
Authors: Bessa Ricardo , Moreira Carlos , Silva Bernardo , Matos Manuel 
Published: February 2013

The concerns about global warming (greenhouse‐gas emissions), scarcity of fossil fuels reserves, and primary energy independence of regions or countries have led to a dramatic increase of renewable energy sources (RES) penetration in electric power systems, mainly wind and solar power. This created new challenges associated with the variability and uncertainty of these sources. Handling these two characteristics is a key issue that includes technological, regulatory, and computational aspects. Advanced tools for handling RES maximize the resultant benefits and keep the reliability indices at the required level. Recent advances in forecasting and management algorithms provided means to manage RES. Forecasts of renewable generation for the next hours/days play a crucial role in the management tools and protocols of the system operator. These forecasts are used as input for setting reserve requirements and performing the unit commitment (UC) and economic dispatch (ED) processes. Probabilistic forecasts are being included in the management tools, enabling a move from deterministic to stochastic methods, which conduct to robust solutions. On the technological side, advances to increase mid‐merit and base‐load generation flexibility should be a priority. The use of storage devices to mitigate uncertainty and variability is particularly valuable for isolated power system, whereas in interconnected systems, economic criteria might be a barrier to invest in new storage facilities. The possibility of sending active and reactive control set points to RES power plants offers more flexibility. Furthermore, the emergence of the smart grid concept and the increasing share of controllable loads contribute with flexibility to increase the RES penetration levels.This article is categorized under:

Wind Power > Economics and Policy
Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Systems Analysis > Systems and Infrastructure
Tumor diameter and Ki‐67 expression in biopsy could be diagnostic markers discriminating from adenoma and early stage cancer in patients with ampullary tumors
Authors: Kubota Kensuke , Fujita Yuji , Sato Takamitsu , Watanabe Seitaro , Hosono Kunihiro , Yoneda Masato , Kirikoshi Hiroyuki , Hisatomi Kantaro , Matsuhashi Nobuyuki , Endo Itaru , Inayama Yoshiaki , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundAmpullary early stage cancer (early CA) potentially harbors lymphovascular invasion; there are few data on markers that could differentiate adenoma and early CA.AimTo investigate those markers, we compared the tumor diameter and Ki‐67 expression in endoscopy biopsy specimens of adenoma with those of early CA.MethodsPatients on whom endoscopic papillectomy (EP) was performed (n = 35) with histopathologically proven adenomas and with low/high grade dysplasia and early CA were studied. We made pre‐procedure evaluations of ampullary tumors by using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and transpapillary intraductal ultrasonography. Tumor diameter was measured by EUS. Endoscopic biopsy using immunostaining of Ki‐67 labeling index (LI) prior to EP were evaluated.ResultsThe areas under the receiver‐operating characteristic (AUROC) curves for tumor diameter and Ki‐67 expression were 0.824 and 0.873, respectively. Cut‐off values calculated based on AUROC data were 15 mm in tumor diameter and 32 cells/high‐power field (HPF) in Ki‐67. Early CA (n = 11) was diagnosed by using a cut‐off value for tumor diameter in 8 out of 11 patients (sensitivity 72.7 %, specificity 66.7 %, accuracy 68.6 %). Significant infiltration of the major duodenal papilla by Ki‐67 positive tumor cells (>31/HPF) was recognized in 8 of the 11 patients with early CA (sensitivity 100 %, specificity 54.2 %, accuracy 62.9 %).ConclusionsObservation of tumor diameter and Ki‐67 LI would be helpful for safety EP. EP should not be indicated for ampullary tumors more than 15 mm in diameter and/or Ki‐67 LI 31/HPF.
On a Localisation Sequence for the K-Theory of Skew Power Series Rings
Authors: Witte Malte 
Published: February 2013

AbstractLet B = A[[t;σ,δ]] be a skew power series ring such that σ is given by an inner automorphism of B. We show that a certain Waldhausen localisation sequence involving the K-theory of B splits into short split exact sequences. In the case that A is noetherian we show that this sequence is given by the localisation sequence for a left denominator set S in B. If B = ℤp[[G]] happens to be the Iwasawa algebra of a p-adic Lie group G ≅ H ⋊ ℤp, this set S is Venjakob's canonical Ore set. In particular, our result implies thatis split exact for each n ≥ 0. We also prove the corresponding result for the localisation of ℤp[[G]][$\frac{1}{p}$] with respect to the Ore set S*. Both sequences play a major role in non-commutative Iwasawa theory.
Hope, virtue, and the postulate of God: a reappraisal of Kant's pure practical rational belief
Authors: FERREIRA M. JAMIE 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAfter identifying contrasting formulations of the practical postulates of reason in Kant's second critique, I analyse the context of each formulation, showing both how the postulate of the ‘possibility’ of God is consistent with Kant's understanding of a significant transition arising from practical needs as well as how the postulate of the existence of God can be seen as a ‘practical belief’ acting out a ‘hope’. My goal is to re-examine Kant's view of the relation between the practical and theoretical employments of reason in order to distinguish clearly between what Kant sees asrequiredof the moral believer as opposed topermitted.
Frugivory and seed dispersal of woody species by the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in a mid-elevation tropical evergreen forest in India
Authors: Jothish P. S. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract:Frugivory and seed dispersal by the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus, in a mid-elevation tropical evergreen forest in India was studied by dung analysis and conducting seed germination trials on ingested and control seeds. A total of 384 dung piles were observed during the period February 2007 to December 2008. Fruits/seeds and seedlings of 27 woody species were observed from the dung piles. Seed germination experiments showed that seeds from dung were viable and germination time of ingested seeds was significantly lower than that of control seeds. It was observed that 43.6% of the seedlings in the dung piles established as saplings. The study suggests that the Asian elephant is a legitimate seed disperser in tropical forests in its range.
In VitroCharacterization of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Palatal Subepithelial Tissue Grafts
Authors: Roman Alexandra , Şoancă Andrada , Florea Adrian , Páll Emőke 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze whether the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from palatal tissue grafts harvested in order to cover gingival recessions have the basic characteristics of stem cells. The palatal tissue cells were processed using a special culture medium that stimulated the development of only undifferentiated cellular lines. Cells at passage 4 were evaluated by flow cytometry to examine the expression of specific surface markers and were tested for multilineage differentiation capacity. These cells collected at passage 4 were also investigated for the capacity to cluster into embryoid body aggregates. Palatal MSCs displayed positive staining for the mesenchymal markers CD29, CD73, CD105, CD 49e, and CD44, but did not express hematopoietic markers CD34/45. The palatal MSCs successfully differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. When seeded in special conditions, palatal MSCs propagated into unattached spheres resembling embryoid body aggregates consisting both of differentiated and undifferentiated cells as revealed at the ultrastructural evaluation. It is concluded that the isolated palatal MSCs fulfilled the basic criteria defining the stem cells. This new source of stem cells characterized here for the first time opens new perspectives on possible applications in basic research and in regenerative medicine.
The transient neutron star X-ray binary KS 1741–293 in outburst and quiescence
Authors: Degenaar N. , Wijnands R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractKS 1741–293 is a transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary that is located at an angular distance of ≃20′ from the Galactic center. We map out the historic activity of the source since its discovery in 1989, characterize its most recent X-ray outbursts observed with Swift (2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011), and discuss its quiescent X-ray properties using archival Chandra data. KS 1741–293 is frequently active, exhibiting outbursts that typically reach a 2–10 keV luminosity of LX ≃ 1036 (D/6.2 kpc)2 erg s−1 and last for several weeks–months. However, Swift also captured a very short and weak accretion outburst that had a duration of ≲4 days and did not reach above LX ≃ 5×1034 (D/6.2 kpc)2 erg s−1. The source is detected in quiescence with Chandra at a 2–10 keV luminosity of LX ≃ 2.5×1032 (D/6.2 kpc)2 erg s−1.
Optical Light Curve of Nova KT Eridani
Authors: Chen W. P. , Hung L. W. , Walter Fred 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe present the optical light curve of the very fast nova, KT Eridani, from its outburst in November 2009 to quiescence in 2012. Comparison of our data with the 24-hour monitoring by Swift on 2010 March 31 indicates a possible anticorrelation between the X-ray and optical emissions. A period of 57 d is found in the long-term optical light curve, which we interpret as the orbital modulation of the hot spot on the white dwarf disk accreting material from an early K-type giant. Our study lends support to the notation that KT Eri may be a recurrent nova.
Mini-spiral as source of material for Sgr A* in bright state
Authors: Czerny Bozena , Karas Vladimír , Kunneriath Devaky , Das Tapas K. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe question of the origin of the gas supplying the accretion process is pertinent especially in the context of enhanced activity of Galactic Center during the past few hundred years, seen now as echo from the surrounding molecular clouds, and the currently observed new cloud approaching Sgr A*. We discuss the so-called Galactic Center mini-spiral as a possible source of material feeding the supermassive black hole on a 0.1 parsec scale. The collisions between individual clumps reduce their angular momentum. and set some of the clumps on a plunging trajectory.We conclude that the amount of material contained in the mini-spiral is sufficient to sustain the luminosity of Sgr A* at the required level. The accretion episodes of relatively dense gas from the mini-spiral passing through a transient ring mode at ~ 104 Rg provide a viable scenario for the bright phase of Galactic Center.
Is There a Relation between Duration and Eiso in Gamma-Ray Bursts?
Authors: Hou Shu-Jin , Liu Tong , Lin Da-Bin , Wu Xue-Feng , Lu Ju-Fu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe system of accretion disk and black hole is usually considered as the central engine of Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs). It is usually thought that the disk in the central engine of GRBs is the advection-dominated accretion disk, which is developed from a massive (mass Mdisk) torus at radius rdisk. We find a positive correlation between the isotropic gamma-ray energy Eiso and duration (so-called T90) for GRBs. We interpret this correlation within the advection-dominated accretion disk model, associating Eiso and T90 with Mdisk and viscous timescale respectively.
The X-ray spectral and timing properties of a major radio flare episode in Cygnus X-3
Authors: Koljonen Karri I. I. , Hannikainen Diana C. , McCollough Michael L. , Pooley Guy G. , Trushkin Sergei A. , Droulans Robert 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe microquasar Cygnus X-3 is known for massive outbursts that emit radiation from radio to γ-rays associated with jet ejection events. Using Principal Component Analysis to probe fast (~1 min) X-ray spectral evolution followed by subsequent spectral fits to the time-averaged spectra (~3 ks), we find that the overall X-ray variability during major outbursts can be attributed to two components. The spectral evolution of these components are best fitted with hybrid Comptonization and thermal bremsstrahlung components. Most of the X-ray variability is attributed to the hybrid Comptonization component. However, the spectral evolution of the thermal component is linked to a change in the X-ray spectral state. Phase-folding the fit results shows that the thermal component is restricted to two orbital phase regions opposite to each other, possibly indicating a flattened stellar wind from the Wolf-Rayet companion.
The type I X-ray bursts of 4U 1735–44
Authors: Lei Y. J. , Zhang H. T. , Dong Y. Q. , Yuan H. L. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWith RXTE data ranging from 1997 August to 1998 May, we detected 8 type I X-ray bursts from the atoll source 4U 1735–44. The bursts are present at all the branches, and most occur at an inferred low mass accretion rate. We find no correlation between the peak flux of the bursts and the mass accretion rate. The results are different from that of 4U 1728-34, whose bursts' peak flux are anti-correlated with the mass accretion rate.
The correlations between kHz and LF QPOs in the NSXBs
Authors: Li Z. B. , Wang D. H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe study the correlations between low frequency (LF) and kHz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) for 20 neutron star X-ray bianaries (NSXBs). We find that both upper and lower kHz QPOs correlate with the LF QPOs. However, the correlations show 5 parallel branches in the kHz QPO frequency vs. LF QPO frequency relation diagram. We notice that the source will jump from one parallel branch to another when different harmonic frequency of the LF QPO is used to plot the correlation between kHz and LF QPOs. We infer that the parallel branches maybe due to the multi-harmonic QPOs in the NSXBs.
Accretion process powering the supersoft X-ray sources: A test with the multiwavelength modeling the SED
Authors: Skopal Augustin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRadiation of supersoft X-ray sources (SSS) dominates both the supersof X-ray and the far-UV domain, and can be detected also within the optical/near-IR wavelengths. To determine fundamental parameters of SSSs, a multiwavelength approach in modeling their spectra is essential. By this way, the basic physical parameters of a SSS (the temperature, radius, luminosity and column density of the neutral hydrogen) can be determined unambiguously. Here I demonstrate this case for the symbiotic X-ray binary RXJ0059.1-7505 (LIN 358) in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC).
Observational phenomena in the field of Kerr Superspinars
Authors: Stuchlík Zdeněk , Schee Jan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe test observational consequences of primordial Kerr superspinars indicated by string theories. We demonstrate that Kerr superspinars can serve as ultra-high energy accelerators and explore specific optical phenomena related to accretion discs orbiting them.
Links Between Z Sources and Atoll Sources
Authors: Wang Joan Jing , Chang Hsiang-Kuang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIt is known that the Z and atoll sources are two typical types of neutron-star sources in low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), which present very different Q-ν relations of lower kHz QPOs. We propose that the Z and atoll sources are two different phases in the evolutionary track of neutron star in LMXBs, instead of two types of distinct sources.
The Evolution Sequence in Narrow-Line and Broad-Line SEYFERT 1 Galaxies
Authors: Wu Y. Z. , Zhang S. N. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCollecting a sample of 50 narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) and 44 broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (BLS1s), we show that the theoretical maximum starburst line derived by Kewley et al. can separate well BLS1s from NSL1s on the BPT diagrams, and the [N II]λ 6584/Hα ratio increases along the list from NLS1s to BLS1s. We suggest that: (1) they have a sequence from low metallicities to high metallicities between NLS1s and BLS1s; (2) with regard to the “star-froming sequence” of Kewley et al. who noted that it forms a tight sequence from low metallicities to high metallicities, the sequence may be connected to the NLS1-BLS1 sequence of “active galactic nucleus (AGN)” sequences.
Correlation space of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
Authors: Xu D. W. , Komossa S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNarrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, as active galactic nuclei with low-mass black holes and high accretion rates, are important targets when addressing questions related to black hole growth and accretion physics. We have studied the correlations among the optical emission-line and continuum properties of a sample of NLS1 galaxies, in comparison with a sample of broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. We have shown that the density of the narrow-line region is a key component of Eigenvector 1 space. Density turned out to be as important as the Eddington ratio L/LEdd. This result therefore establishes a close link between central engine and host properties, and places new constraints on host - black hole co-evolution.
First Detection of Puccinia hordei Virulence to Barley Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Rph3 and Combination with Virulence to Rph7 in North America
Authors: Rouse M. N. , Griffey C. A. , Brooks W. S. 
Published: February 2013

Barley leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei Otth., has been problematic in United States barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production in the Mid-Atlantic coast region and California. During the early 1990s, P. hordei pathotypes with virulence to resistance gene Rph7 caused average yield losses from 6 to 16% (3). ‘Doyce’ barley was released in 2003 and was described as being resistant to leaf rust (2). Initially in April 2010 and subsequently in spring 2011 and 2012, high severities and infection responses were observed on experimental plots of ‘Doyce’ in Warsaw and Blacksburg, Virginia. Three single uredinial isolates of P. hordei were derived from collections made from ‘Doyce’ barley. The isolates were characterized for virulence to barley leaf rust resistance genes by inoculating at least two replicates of a barley leaf rust differential set including 12 Rph genes (1). Previous methods used for inoculation, incubation, and pathotyping were followed (1). Infection types were scored on a 0 to 4 scale where 2 and below indicated resistance and 3 and above indicated susceptibility (4). The three isolates collected from Doyce barley displayed large pustules with infection types 3,3+ to cultivars Estate (Rph3) and Cebada Capa (Rph7). Avirulent isolates of P. hordei displayed infection types 0; to 0;1c to Estate and ;n to 0;1n to Cebada Capa (1). The data indicated that all three isolates were virulent to both barley leaf rust resistance genes Rph3 and Rph7. Though combined Rph3 and Rph7 virulence has been reported in the Mediterranean region, this is the first report of Rph3 virulence in North America. These isolates of P. hordei are virulent to important sources of resistance to barley leaf rust and threaten barley production in environments conducive for disease development in North America. References: (1) W. S. Brooks et al. Phytopathology 90:1131, 2000. (2) W. S. Brooks et al. Crop Sci. 45:792, 2005. (3) C. A. Griffey et al. Plant Dis. 78:256, 1994. (4) M. N. Levine and W. J. Cherewick. U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. 1056, 1952.
Multiple Functions of Kip-Related Protein5 Connect Endoreduplication and Cell Elongation
Authors: Jégu Teddy , Latrasse David , Delarue Marianne , Mazubert Christelle , Bourge Mickaël , Hudik Elodie , Blanchet Sophie , Soler Marie-Noëlle , Charon Céline , De Veylder Lieven , Raynaud Cécile , Bergounioux Catherine , Benhamed Moussa 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDespite considerable progress in our knowledge regarding the cell cycle inhibitor of the Kip-related protein (KRP) family in plants, less is known about the coordination of endoreduplication and cell differentiation. In animals, the role of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors as multifunctional factors coordinating cell cycle regulation and cell differentiation is well documented and involves not only the inhibition of CDK/cyclin complexes but also other mechanisms, among them the regulation of transcription. Interestingly, several plant KRPs have a punctuated distribution in the nucleus, suggesting that they are associated with heterochromatin. Here, one of these chromatin-bound KRPs, KRP5, has been studied in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). KRP5 is expressed in endoreduplicating cells, and loss of KRP5 function decreases endoreduplication, indicating that KRP5 is a positive regulator of endoreduplication. This regulation relies on several mechanisms: in addition to its role in cyclin/CDK kinase inhibition previously described, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data combined with transcript quantification provide evidence that KRP5 regulates the transcription of genes involved in cell wall organization. Furthermore, KRP5 overexpression increases chromocenter decondensation and endoreduplication in the Arabidopsis trithorax-related protein5 (atxr5) atxr6 double mutant, which is deficient for the deposition of heterochromatin marks. Hence, KRP5 could bind chromatin to coordinately control endoreduplication and chromatin structure and allow the expression of genes required for cell elongation.