bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebral correlates of visuospatial neglect: A direct cerebral stimulation study
Authors: Vallar Giuseppe , Bello Lorenzo , Bricolo Emanuela , Castellano Antonella , Casarotti Alessandra , Falini Andrea , Riva Marco , Fava Enrica , Papagno Costanza 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveTo assess the role of the superior longitudinal fascicle, the inferior fronto‐occipital fascicle, and the posterior parietal lobe in visuospatial attention in humans during awake brain surgery.Experimental designSeven patients with hemispheric gliomas (six in the right hemisphere) entered the study. During surgery in asleep/awake anesthesia, guided by Diffusion Tensor Imaging Fiber Tractography, visuospatial neglect was assessed during direct electrical stimulation by computerized line bisection.Principal observationsA rightward deviation, indicating left visuospatial neglect, was induced in six of seven patients by stimulation of the parietofrontal connections, in a location consistent with the trajectory of the second branch of the superior longitudinal fascicle. Stimulation of the medial and dorsal white matter of the superior parietal lobule (corresponding to the first branch of the superior longitudinal fascicle), of the ventral and lateral white matter of the supramarginal gyrus (corresponding to the third branch of the superior longitudinal fascicle), and of the inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus, was largely ineffective. Stimulation of the superior parietal lobule (Brodmann's area 7) caused a marked rightward deviation in all of the six assessed patients, while stimulation of Brodmann's areas 5 and 19 was ineffective.ConclusionsThe parietofrontal connections of the dorso‐lateral fibers of the superior longitudinal fascicle (i.e., the second branch of the fascicle), and the posterior superior parietal lobe (Brodmann's area 7) are involved in the orientation of spatial attention. Spatial neglect should be assessed systematically during awake brain surgery, particularly when the right parietal lobe may be involved by the neurosurgical procedure.Hum Brain Mapp 35:1334–1350, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Functionalized Lipids, and Their Use for a Tunable Hydrophobization of Nucleosides and Nucleic Acids
Authors: Korneev Sergei , Rosemeyer Helmut 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTwo series of functionalized single and double side‐chained lipid molecules (Schemes 1 and 2) were prepared. The compounds carry either terminal COOH, OH, or halogen substituents. Moreover, the double side‐chained lipid 18 carries an internal alkyne functionality. The latter compound was used to hydrophobize thymidine at N(3) by base‐catalyzed alkylation. Additionally, fully protected thymidine, 32, was N(3)‐alkylated with the double side‐chained alcohol 9 applying Mitsunobu reaction conditions.
Base‐Induced Decarboxylation of Polyunsaturated α‐Cyano Acids Derived from Malonic Acid: Synthesis of Sesquiterpene Nitriles and Aldehydes with β‐, φ‐, and ψ‐End Groups
Authors: Dufossé Laurent , Cartier Dominique , Valla Benoist , Fouillaud Mireille , Labia Roger , Valla Alain 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCatalytic base‐induced decarboxylation of polyunsaturated α‐cyano‐β‐methyl acids derived from malonic acid led to the corresponding nitriles 3 (Schemes 2 and 3), 6 (Scheme 5), and 9 (Scheme 6). This decarboxylation occurred with previous deconjugation of the α,β‐alkene moiety of the α‐cyano‐β‐methyl acid, leading to an α‐cyano‐β‐methylene propanoic acid which was easily decarboxylated (see Scheme 2). β‐Methylene intermediates, in some cases, could be isolated; mechanistic pathways are proposed. The nitriles 3, 6, and 9 were reduced to the sesquiterpene aldehydes 4 (β‐end group), 7 (φ‐end group), and 10 (ψ‐end group), respectively.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Multiplolide A and of a Diastereoisomer
Authors: Reddy Bandi Chennakesava , Bangade Vikas Madhukar , Ramesh Palakuri , Meshram Harshadas Mitaram 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA stereoselective total synthesis of multiplolide A (1) and of its diastereoisomer 2 was described from easily accessible starting materials (Schemes 2–4). The synthetic strategy involves a Jacobsen resolution, Sharpless epoxidation, Swern oxidation, Yamaguchi reaction, and ring‐closing metathesis (RCM).
Two New Abietane Diterpenoids from the Roots of Tripterygium wilfordiiHook. f.
Authors: Li Jian‐You , Peng Ying , Li Ling‐Zhi , Gao Pin‐Yi , Gao Chang , Xia Su‐Xia , Song Shao‐Jiang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTwo new abietane‐type diterpenoids, named triptobenzene R (1) and triptobenzene S (2), together with three known abietane‐type diterpenoids, triptophenolide (3), triptonodiol (4), and triptonoterpene methyl ether (5), were isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. Their structures and relative configurations were established by detailed spectral studies, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and HR‐ESI‐TOF‐MS, and by comparison with published data. Their absolute configurations were assigned by the CD technique, applied for the first time to abietane diterpenes from Tripterygium wilfordii. Compound 2 is the first abietane‐type norditerpenoid isolated from the genus Tripterygium.
Conformational Preferences of a β‐Octapeptide as Function of Solvent and Force‐Field Parameters
Authors: Choutko Alexandra , van Gunsteren Wilfred F. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe ability to design properly folded β‐peptides with specific biological activities requires detailed insight into the relationship between the amino acid sequence and the secondary and/or tertiary structure of the peptide. One of the most frequently used spectroscopic techniques for resolving the structure of a biomolecule is NMR spectroscopy. Because only signal intensities and frequencies are recorded in the experiment, a conformational interpretation of the recorded data is not straightforward, especially for flexible molecules. The occurrence of conformational and/or time averaging, and the limited amount and accuracy of experimental data hamper the precise conformational determination of a biomolecule. In addition, the relation between experimental observables with the underlying conformational ensemble is often only approximately known, thereby aggravating the difficulty of structure determination of biomolecules. The problematic aspects of structure refinement based on NMR nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) intensities and 3J‐coupling data are illustrated by simulating a β‐octapeptide in explicit MeOH and H2O as solvents using three different force fields. NMR Data indicated that this peptide would fold into a 314‐helix in MeOH and into a hairpin in H2O. Our analysis focused on the conformational space visited by the peptide, on structural properties of the peptide, and on agreement of the MD trajectories with available NMR data. We conclude that 1) although the 314‐helical structure is present when the peptide is solvated in MeOH, it is not the only relevant conformation, and that 2) the NMR data set available for the peptide, when solvated in H2O, does not provide sufficient information to derive a single secondary structure, but rather a multitude of folds that fulfill the NOE data set.
Four New Alkaloids from the Fermentation Broth of Armillaria mellea
Authors: Wang Yun‐Chao , Zhang Yu‐Wei , Zheng Li‐Hua , Bao Yong‐Li , Wu Yin , Yu Chun‐Lei , Huang Yan‐Xin , Sun Lu‐Guo , Zhang Yu , Jia Xiu‐Juan , Li Yu‐Xin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFour compounds with similar structures and UV spectra were isolated from the fermentation broth of Armillaria mellea by means of preparative HPLC. Their structures were established as methyl (2S)‐1‐[2‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl]‐5‐oxopyrrolidine‐2‐carboxylate (1), (2S)‐1‐[2‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl]‐5‐oxopyrrolidine‐2‐carboxylic acid (2), 1‐[2‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl]pyrrolidin‐2‐one (3) and 1‐[2‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl]piperidin‐2‐one (4) on the basis of their 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and HR‐MS data. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Additionally, four known compounds, 5–8, were also isolated.
Silica‐Bound 3‐{2‐[Poly(ethylene Glycol)]ethyl}‐Substituted 1‐Methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium Bromide: A Recoverable Phase‐Transfer Catalyst for Smooth and Regioselective Conversion of Oxiranes to β‐Hydroxynitriles in Water
Authors: Reza Kiasat Ali , Ayashi Neda , Fallah‐Mehrjardi Mehdi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA series of β‐hydroxynitriles were efficiently synthesized from the regioselective ring opening of oxiranes by cyanide anion in the presence of silica‐bound 3‐{2‐[poly(ethylene glycol)]ethyl}‐substituted 1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium bromide (SiO2PEGImBr) as a novel recoverable phase‐transfer catalyst in H2O (Scheme 1 and Table 2). The workup procedure was straightforward, and the catalyst could be reused over four times with almost no loss of catalytic activity and selectivity.
1‐Thiacyclooct‐4‐yne (=5,6‐Didehydro‐3,4,7,8‐tetrahydro‐2H‐thiocin), and Its Sulfoxide and Its Sulfone
Authors: Schuhmacher Hans , Beile Bernhard , Meier Herbert 
Published: February 2013

Abstract1‐Thiacyclooct‐4‐yne (=5,6‐didehydro‐3,4,7,8‐tetrahydro‐2H‐thiocin; 9) can be prepared from thiocan‐5‐one (6) in three steps by applying the so‐called selenadiazole method. The heterocyclic alkyne can be oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxide 16 and sulfone 17. Due to their geometrical strain, all three cyclic alkynes show high reactivities in DielsAlder and 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions. Moreover, tetrathiafulvalenes can be prepared from 9 and 16 by the reaction with CS2.
Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐2‐methoxyinden‐1‐one (Z)‐Phenylhydrazones via Hydrobromic Acid‐Mediated Cyclization of 2‐(1‐Aryl‐2‐methoxyethenyl)benzaldehyde Phenylhydrazones
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Miyatani Wataru , Matsumoto Naoki 
Published: February 2013

Abstract2‐(1‐Aryl‐2‐methoxyethenyl)benzaldehydes 2, obtained by successive treatment of 1‐(1‐aryl‐2‐methoxyethenyl)‐2‐bromobenzenes 1 with BuLi and 1‐formylpiperidine, were transformed to the corresponding phenylhydrazones 3 on treatment with PhNHNH2. When these hydrazones were allowed to react with conc. HBr, cyclization, followed by dehydrogenation with air occurred, furnished 3‐aryl‐2‐methoxyinden‐1‐one (Z)‐phenylhydrazones 4.
Two New Chemical Constituents of Veratrum dahuricum (Turcz.) Loes. f.
Authors: Cong Yue , Guo Jing‐Gong , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTwo new chemical constituents, one new steroid, neoveratrenone (1), and one new glycerol ester, 1‐[11‐(ferulyloxy)undecanoyl)]glycerol (2), were isolated and characterized from the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum dahuricum (Turcz.) Loes. f., together with five known compounds, i.e., hexacosanoic acid 2,3‐dihydroxypropyl ester (3), syringaresinol (4), prosapogenin A of dioscin (5), verapatulin (6), and oxyresveratrol (7). Their structures were established by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data as well as by comparison with literature reports. The compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against three tumor cell lines of HepG‐2, HeLa, and K562/S.
Prooxidative Effects of Ambient Pollutant Chemicals Are Inhibited by HDL
Authors: Yin Fen , Ramanathan Gajalakshmi , Zhang Min , Araujo Jesus A. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTExposure to air pollution leads to adverse pulmonary and systemic vascular effects. High levels of plasma high‐density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol reduce cardiovascular risk. We explored whether HDL could protect against the prooxidative effects of an organic extract of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) in vascular cells. We used a cell‐free fluorescent assay to evaluate DEP oxidation by air, estimated by the degree of dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence and tested the ability of HDL to inhibit it. We also evaluated DEP prooxidative effects in bovine aortic endothelial cells and RAW264.7 macrophages by DCF fluorescence. DEP oxidation and prooxidative cellular effects occurred in concentration‐ and time‐dependent manners. Normal HDL inhibited DEP oxidation and prooxidative cellular effects, whereas dysfunctional HDL failed to inhibit DEP oxidation and instead, it promoted further oxidation. In conclusion, DEP prooxidative effects in endothelial cells and macrophages are inhibited by normal HDL. Therefore, HDL may protect against air pollution mediated adverse vascular effects. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:172‐183, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21475
Synthesis of ximelagatran, melagatran, hydroxymelagatran, and ethylmelagatran in H‐3 labeled form
Authors: Simonsson Roger , Stenhagen Gunnar , Ericsson Cecilia , Elmore Charles S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn support of a study designed to better understand the liver toxicity of ximelagatran, ximelagatran, and melagatran, hydroxymelagatran and ethylmelagatran were prepared in tritium labeled form. Incorporation of tritium was achieved by hydrogen isotope exchange using Crabtree's catalyst and later with N‐heterocyclic containing Ir catalyst. The tritiated product was then converted into the four target compounds to afford them in high purity and specific activity.
The Effects of Multiple Interpersonal Traumas on Psychological Maladjustment of Sexually Abused Children in Korea
Authors: Choi Ji Young , Oh Kyung Ja 
Published: February 2013

The purpose of the present study was to explore the effects of multiple interpersonal traumas on psychiatric diagnosis and behavior problems of sexually abused children in Korea. With 495 children (ages 4–13 years) referred to a public counseling center for sexual abuse in Korea, we found significant differences in the rate of psychiatric diagnoses (r = .23) and severity of behavioral problems (internalizing d = 0.49, externalizing d = 0.40, total d = 0.52) between children who were victims of sexual abuse only (n = 362) and youth who were victims of interpersonal trauma experiences in addition to sexual abuse (n = 133). The effects of multiple interpersonal trauma experiences on single versus multiple diagnoses remained significant in the logistic regression analysis where demographic variables, family environmental factors, sexual abuse characteristics, and postincident factors were considered together, odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [0.25, 0.77], p < .01. Similarly, multiple regression analyses revealed a significant effect of multiple interpersonal trauma experiences on severity of behavioral problems above and beyond all aforementioned variables (internalizing β =.12, p = .019, externalizing β = .11, p = .036, total β = .14, p =.008). The results suggested that children with multiple interpersonal traumas are clearly at a greater risk for negative consequences following sexual abuse.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Choi Yunsuk , Kim Sung‐Bae , Yoon Dok Hyun , Kim Ji Youn , Lee Sang‐wook , Cho Kyung‐Ja 
Published: February 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThis study was intended to evaluate prognostic factors and the role of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck (ACCHN).Study DesignRetrospective study.MethodsEighty‐eight patients with ACCHN who underwent curative intent surgery with or without RT between 1991 and 2009 at a single institute were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsPatients with ACC of the sinonasal area (P=.005) and those with diabetes mellitus (DM; P=.027) showed a significantly higher risk of local recurrence. Age (<40 or >60 years, P=.028) and tumor stage III or IV (P=.022) were significant adverse factors predicting distant metastasis. High‐grade histology (P=.014) and DM (P=.027) were independently associated with shorter disease‐free survival (DFS). In addition, postoperative RT (≥59 Gy) significantly enhanced local control (P=.025) and DFS (P=.001) in both univariate and multivariate analyses.ConclusionsAge, DM, tumor site, histologic grade, and stage were independently significant prognostic factors for ACCHN. In addition, an adequate dose of postoperative radiotherapy can improve local control and DFS of patients with ACCHN.Level of Evidence2b.
Evaluating Endoscopic and Endoscopic‐Assisted Access to the Infratemporal Fossa
Authors: Devaiah Anand K. , Reiersen David , Hoagland Todd 
Published: February 2013

Objectives/HypothesisEndoscopic infratemporal fossa (ITF) surgery is a growing clinical interest. This study presents a method of analyzing approach access and visualization, identifies relevant anatomy in an endoscopic approach to the ITF, and compares endoscopic medial maxillectomy (MMA) and endoscopic‐assisted sublabial transmaxillary (SLT) approaches to the ITF as a model for this paradigm.Study DesignHuman cadaver anatomic study.MethodsFive human cadaver heads (10 ITF dissections) were used. An SLT and MMA were performed on each side. For endoscopic dissections of the ITF, 0° and 30° endoscopes were used. Key landmarks were the posterior maxillary sinus wall, temporomandibular joint, pterygoid plates, foramen spinosum, and foramen ovale. Open dissection was used to confirm ITF landmarks. A novel measurement method using angles of approach and visualization was used to compare approaches.ResultsVisualization and mobility in SLT and MMA were significantly different. The lateral extent and greatest average depth for dissection was 7.9 cm in MMA and 6.1 cm for SLT. The average angle of mobility in approach was 36.3° for MMA and 57.9° for SLT. Average visualization was 40.2° for MMA and 126.5° for SLT. Despite these differences, both surgical approaches allowed access and visualization to all targeted landmarks.ConclusionsThis evaluation paradigm provides useful data in evaluating an endoscopic or endoscopic‐assisted approach to the ITF. Using this paradigm, the SLT and MMA were analyzed. Each provided adequate access to the ITF, but visualization and maneuverability were better in SLT. Laryngoscope, 2013
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Monroe Marcus M. , McLean Max , Sautter Nathan , Wax Mark K. , Andersen Peter E. , Smith Timothy L. , Gross Neil D. 
Published: February 2013

Objectives/HypothesisDocument a 15‐year experience with 29 cases of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFR) and evaluate factors predictive of disease clearance and overall survival.Study DesignCase series with chart review.MethodsPatients were identified by review of department billing records between 1995 and 2010. Medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, disease characteristics, clinical course including surgical and medical therapy, treatment outcomes, and long‐term survival.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients with AIFR were identified. Causes of immunosuppression included hematologic malignancy (n=16), diabetes (n=12), medication (n=10), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (n=1), with 10 patients having multiple causes of immunosuppression. Facial pain, swelling and orbital symptoms were the most common presenting symptoms. Fungal organisms included Mucor (n=18) and Aspergillus (n=10) species, with one patient infected with both. Disease‐specific survival (DSS) from AIFR was 57%. Intracranial (P=.01) and ethmoid sinus (P=.05) involvement were significantly linked with short‐term disease‐related mortality. Overall survival (OS) at 6 months was 18%. For OS, intracranial involvement (hazard ratio [HR], 4.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51–13.22) and cranial neuropathy at presentation (HR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3–8.2) were significantly associated with shortened survival. Of the five patients surviving >6 months, two developed long‐term major sinonasal complications.ConclusionsDSS and OS remain low for patients with AIFR. Extensive surgical resection in patients with these poor prognostic signs should be considered carefully in light of their poor survival. Long‐term survivors are at significant risk of sinonasal complications and should be followed closely.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 2012
Multidimensional Voice Outcomes After Type I Gore‐Tex Thyroplasty in Patients With Nonparalytic Glottic Incompetence
Authors: Shah Rupali N. , Deal Allison M. , Buckmire Robert A. 
Published: February 2013

Objectives/HypothesisNonparalytic glottic incompetence (GI) encompasses a variety of laryngeal pathologies, and vocal outcome data for this group is limited. We report a subgroup analysis of validated, subjective, and perceptual voice outcome measures: voice‐related quality of life (VRQOL), Glottal Function Index (GFI), and GRBAS (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain), after type I Gore‐Tex thyroplasty (GTP) in patients with vocal fold paresis (VFP), hypomobility, scar, and atrophy.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsForty‐eight patients with nonparalytic GI treated with GTP were reviewed. Patients were grouped according to primary diagnosis: VFP (n=12), hypomobility (n=20), scar (n=7), and atrophy (n=9). Voice outcome measures (VRQOL, GFI, and GRBAS) obtained during the initial evaluation and the most recent follow‐up were collected and analyzed.ResultsThe median change in VRQOL was significant for each subgroup (all P<.03). Hypomobility and VFP patients demonstrated significantly improved GFI scores postoperatively (P=.0002 and .008, respectively); atrophy and scar groups did not. All groups, with the exception of scar patients (P=.13), showed significant improvement in perceptual scores. Increases in VRQOL moderately correlated with decreases in GFI (rho=−0.52).ConclusionsRegardless of etiology, patients with nonparalytic GI demonstrated improved subjective and perceptual measures following GTP. Although showing trends toward improvement, vocal fold scar patients performed worse than all other subgroups across all three voice outcome measures.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 2013
Clinical characteristics of patients with narrow bony cochlear nerve canal
Authors: Cho Sung‐Woo , Kang Seong Il , Park Sung Joon , Kim Ah Reum , Koo Ja Won , Kim Chong Sun , Lee Jun Ho , Chang Sun O , Oh Seung‐Ha , Choi Byung Yoon 
Published: February 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate whether there is a genetic contribution to the development of narrow bony cochlear nerve canal and analyze the differences between unilateral and bilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canal.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsPatients diagnosed with unilateral (n=44) or bilateral (n=13) sensorineural hearing loss with narrow bony cochlear nerve canals from October 2004 to July 2011 were evaluated. The segregation ratio of hearing loss among siblings of probands was calculated. The differences in segregation ratio and other clinical characteristics were also compared.ResultsThe segregation ratio of hearing loss in siblings of patients with unilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canal was close to zero, whereas the ratio in siblings of patients with bilateral canals was 20%. Internal auditory canal narrowing was significantly more frequently combined in unilateral than bilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canal cases. Cochlear nerve deficiency based on magnetic resonance imaging was found in 63.6% of bilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canal cases. Milder hearing loss was exclusively detected in bilateral cases.ConclusionsNarrow bony cochlear nerve canal is not likely to have a simple Mendelian inheritance pattern, especially in unilateral cases. The contribution of a Mendelian genetic etiology to bilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canals remains elusive. More frequent coexistence of internal auditory canal narrowing among unilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canal cases suggests that bilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canals are not just a duplicate of the unilateral narrow bony cochlear nerve canal.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 123:1996–2000, 2013