bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eating disorders: the increase in requests for help and the optimization of resources
Authors: Campana M. , Colombi M. , Milanese P. , Greco A. , Mucci C. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis work aims to provide an updated overview of the eating disorders (EDs) which are a widespread pathology nowadays. Informations related to the clinical-nosographic characteristics, an in-depth analysis about systemic-relational theories and historical evolution are provided. In addition, current informations about epidemiological data, recovery, treatment related implications, new neuroscientific theories and risk factors are shown. Given the complexity of these disorders, the lack of resources and the the increasing demands for treatment, the main object is related to the construction of a questionnaire to manage the waiting lists.Objectives
Building a waiting list management model for EDs, Study and compare advantages and disadvantages of the source allocation ethical models (utilitarianism, prioritarianism, egalitarianism), Analyze EDs leading experts (doctors, dietitians, psychologists, psychiatrists) and EDs patients positioning with respect to priority treatment factors. Promote constructive dialog between EDs experts from different backgrounds and EDs patients.MethodsIn order to know the various treatment alternatives available, the different levels and reference structures are illustrated. In addition, it is also suggested different reasoning based on the ethical models of egalitarianism, utilitarianism and prioritarianism in order to build a waiting list management model, which is the maximum goal of this work. This model needs to be supported by a series of validated tools such as the clinical interview and self-administered questionnaires to investigate psychopathological aspects and psychiatric symptoms. Going into more details, a questionnaire is proposed to the EDs leading experts, so that they can provide their own priority factors list and related thoughts in order to build “the most ethical” waiting list.ResultsIt is expected that both patients and clinicians tend to give priority to patients with greater psychophysical severity, not exclusively on the basis of physical parameters. Further hypothesis related to clinicians lead us believe that they tend to use utilitarian logics, in compliance with the demonstrated efficacy of early intervention. An evaluation that could lead to a disagreement between experts and patients is related to prioritize patients in the initial phase of the disease, which could be supported by clinicians, but not by patients, probably in connection with their personal experiences. In fact, this favoritism could have a negative impact on the care of the most serious cases who risk to be left to themselves.ConclusionsThis work aims to encourage a constructive dialogue between experts and patients with EDs in order to build a functional intervention model which should be “the most ethical as possible” in order to save the greatest number of lives in respect of mental suffering.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cases presentation and relapse rates associated with specific risk factors
Authors: Mena Garcia J. I. ,   Relapse predictors of bipolar disorder
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis section will be destinated to the presentation of specific cases of patients with bipolar disorder admitted to our acute psychiatric ward. For each case, sociodemographic, clinical and environmental characteristics will be described and pharmacological treatment discussed. In addition, predictive and protective factors for mood relapses will be identified, and then, prospective information regarding their clinical prognosis will be provided in order to discuss with the attendees the impact of the mentioned factors on clinical outcomes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The role of gender in the prevalence of eating disorders
Authors: Strada Herrera G. , López Claramunt I. , Serván Rendón-Luna B. , Sanz Martín L. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEating disorders have a key paper at the ongoing society. A key symptom of the Anorexia Nervosa and the Bulimia Nervosa is the alteration of the corporal image which observes that it continues being present after remitting the most flowery symptomatology. In terms of gender, we can observe that the esting disorders have a higher incidence in the feminine gender.ObjectivesResearch how body image affects eating disorders and how the role of gender is a risk factor for developing Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using PubMed. Twelve studies were identified in order to do this review.ResultsAt the twelve surveys included at the review we can observe that the incidence of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa is higher in women than men. There are many facts that take part on the development of eating disorders, but there is consensus to understand them with a biopsicosocial point of view (interaction between the environment and biological facts). Body image disturbance takes part in both men and women, but it affects them in different ways.Conclusions
Body image disturbances are a crucial factor when considering eating disorders’ symptomatology. One of the main components that affects its alteration is the internalization of standards of beauty. Women tend to focus on thin body types, meanwhile men’s attention tends to point to muscular and defined body types. Nevertheless, it must be taken into account that today’s gender conception may appear as one of the most important roles to understand Anorexia and Bulimia aetiology. Regarding gender, in nowadays society exists a dichotomy where masculinity and femininity lie in total opposites poles; but if the gender approach socially changed, Anorexia and Bulimia might take a different portrayal.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Problem focused coping strategies and high self-compassion can be seen as protective factors to lower stress, negative emotional reactions to job and anxiety
Authors: Gruber E. N. , Martic Biocina S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPrevious research has shown that:-problem focused coping strategies aim to change the reaction to the stressful situations-self-compassion may reduce anxiety and depression. It is associated with happiness, it increases with age, it is negatively correlated with perceived stress and in older adults seems to be associated with higher levels of wisdom, integration, acceptance of one’s past life experiences and higher levels of meaning in life.-job related low LPLA (Low pleasurable Low arousal emotions) and high LPHA (Low pleasurable High arousal emotions) levels corelate to depression, anxiety, and stress.
ObjectivesCase report of 60 years old computer scientistMethodsPsychiatric interview and scales:Self-reported questionnaires: The Brief-COPE, The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF), The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10), The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-10), The Job-related Affective Well-being Scale (JAWS), The Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ)Results60 years old male computer scientist, single, without children, multiple times a week in recreative activities and physical activities. He is not satisfied with close friendships, he sleeps 6 hours in day, he didn’t have traumatic experiences in life. He is not religious. He works 45 hours per week, from that 5-10 hours weekly works at the site of primary employment.The Brief-COPE: High score for using problem focused coping strategies-acceptance, planning, positive reframing, and informational support. Maladaptive coping strategies used in lower grade: self-blame and self-distraction.SCS-SF: Much higher levels of self-compassion than the norms established by previous research.DASS-10:
low.SHS: lower happiness level than the norms established by previous research.JAWS: High negative emotional reactions to job and low level of overall job-related affective wellbeing together with lower HPHA, higher LPHA, and lower LPLA in comparison to previous research. According to previous research this person is not satisfied with his job and have a lot of negative emotions regarding his job.PSS 10: Levels of perceived stress are lower than the norms established by previous research.MLQ: this person scored below 24 on the scale- presence of meaning and below 24 on the scale search for meaning. According to previous research person with this score do not feel their life has a valued meaning and purpose and they do not not actively explore that meaning or seeking meaning.ConclusionsProblem focused coping strategies and high self-compassion can be seen as protective factors to lower stress, negative emotional reactions to job and anxietyDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Autism Spectrum Disorders traits in a sample of young adults referring to a generalized mental health outpatient clinic
Authors: Nistico’ V. , Folatti I. , Santangelo G. , Sanguineti C. , Inci S. , Faggioli R. , Bertani A. , Gambini O. , Demartini B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders is currently witnessing several changes, with direct consequences on the prevalence rates in the general population. However, little is known about ASD traits prevalence in clinical samples, and how much these traits interact with other mental health conditions, especially in young adults, a critical age for the outbreak of many psychiatric diseases.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ASD traits in a sample of young adults (aged between 18 and 24 years old) referring to a specialized mental health outpatient clinic.MethodsWe administered to 259 patients the Autism Quotient (AQ) and the Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS‐R), along with a detailed sociodemographic and anamnestic interview.ResultsWe found that 16.2% of our sample scored above the cut-off at both scales (a percentage that went down to 13.13% when restricting the RAADS-R cut-off at >119, as suggested for clinical samples).Conclusions
This prevalence seems considerably higher than the one reported in the general population, and not negligible. The association with sociodemographic features such as sex assigned at birth, gender identity and employment status, and the validity of the screening tools we implemented, are discussed. In conclusion, we suggest that an assessment for autistic traits should be implemented in young adults seeking help for unspecified psychiatric symptoms and psychological suffering and that, despite the not unanimous consensus over self-report screening tools, a positivity to both the AQ and the RAADS-R should lead the clinician to conduct a full diagnostic evaluation with structured or semi-structured interviews.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Non-compliance as ethical dilemma for kidney transplantation
Authors: Rossini Gajsak L. , Zibar L. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAllocating a kidney transplant to a non-compliant recipient could present a triple damage: to the donor (and family of a deceased donor), for the recipient (who will experience rejection) and for another potential recipient on the waiting list (who missed the chance for the transplant). Having in mind that kidney transplantation (TX) is the best choice of renal replacement therapy, a thorough individual endeavor to predict the outcome of a TX in a non-compliant candidate is necessary to avoid a worse option. Non-compliance could origin from maladaptation, psychological limitations or a psychiatric condition.ObjectivesHere we present a 46 years old male patient on chronic hemodialysis (HD) for 4 years due to end stage diabetic kidney disease. He is extremely non-adherent to HD related recommendations, occasionally skipping the sessions, gaining up to 10 kg weight overload between the sessions and avoided visiting psychiatrist, so far. Our objectives were to explore the presence and severity of non-compliance as ethical dilemma for kidney transplantation.MethodsReviewing the patient’s medical data.ResultsUnlike to non-obedience to dietary and behavioral medical advice, this patient is very much adherent to pharmacological medication. Staying on HD he is constantly on the edge of vital danger, risking pulmonary edema or hyperkalemia related cardiac events. The most important compliance in a kidney transplant patient is adherence to immunosuppressive therapy. In this particular patient we could predict adherence to immunosuppressive medication after a TX and getting rid of volume overload and hyperkalemia once restoring kidney transplant function.ConclusionsPretransplant non-compliance in kidney transplant candidate is not always an obstacle for kidney TX. In some cases, as in the one here described, a TX is better option than staying on HD, avoiding the previously described triple ethical damage - to the donor, the recipient and patients waiting on list, while we could predict a good outcome of the TX. Including psychiatrist into the work up and management should not be skipped.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Utility of risky cannabis use concept and the role of standard units for achieving an operational definition
Authors: Lopez-Pelayo H. , Oliveras C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver the past decade (2010-2019), the number of people admitting to using cannabis in the European Union (including the United Kingdom, Norway, and Turkey) increased by 27%, from 3.1% to 3.9%. Notably, Portugal, Spain, and Luxembourg topped the list with the highest percentages of daily cannabis users among those who had consumed the substance in the last month.
With the relaxation of recreational cannabis laws in various European countries, such as Germany, Malta, and Luxembourg, there is a growing need for a public health-oriented and preventative approach. Drawing parallels with alcohol-related strategies, this session aims to explore this evolving landscape from a clinical perspective.The focus will be on the World Health Organization’s definition of risky substance use, aiming to make it practical and applicable. Two existing proposals from Canada and Spain will be reviewed, with an emphasis on the role of standardized cannabis units in defining risk and the quest for consensus in this regard.Additionally, the session will examine the similarities between alcohol and cannabis consumption, looking at the effectiveness of the Standard Drink Unit in early intervention and prevention of alcohol-related problems. Insights from the alcohol domain will be discussed, offering valuable lessons for preventing cannabis-related
harm.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing clinical trials for neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Abdelmoula B. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRecently, the new therapeutic approach based on genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been applied to treat cancer and other monogenetic disorders. CRISPR/Cas9 allows specific correction of the altered gene without affecting the rest of the genome.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to report the current CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing clinical trials in neurodevelopmental and mental disorders.Methods
We conducted a search via the ClinicalTrials platform to describe clinical trials that have been conducted using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing tool in neurodevelopmental disorders.Results
Our research revealed three clinical trials that used the CRISPR/Cas9 tool for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The first study aimed to investigate the pathological role of KMT2D mutations in 40 Kabuki syndrome patients in order to facilitate the identification and characterization of therapeutic strategies to improve symptoms, to identify the consequences of KMT2D mutations on epigenetic marker changes and cellular structural changes and to finally attempt gene correction by CRISPR/Cas9. The therapeutic approach was an epigenome editing approach aimed at increasing the expression of the wild-type KMT2D allele to restore the functional activity of a histone H3-lysine 4 (H3K4)-methyltransferase (MLL4) in treated mesenchymal stem cells. The second clinical trial aimed to validate gene editing based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology combined with AAV delivery for the correction of the most common MECP2 mutations in Rett syndrome both in vitro and in vivo. The third GENEPI clinical trial aimed to identify acetylation profiles as epigenetic markers to assess the causality of CREBBP and EP300 variants in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, which is considered as a genetic model of neurodevelopmental abnormality with an epigenetic component.ConclusionsCRISPR/Cas9 clinical trials in polygenic conditions, such as psychiatric disorders, could be envisaged at the level of the epigenetic component of these pathologies. This therapy could be applied ex vivo to perform tissue-specific gene editing.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Implementation in the Motek Caren system with virtual reality of an existing motor rehabilitation programme for people with Down’s syndrome in order to increase its effectiveness
Authors: Ciołek M. A. , Kamińska K. , Szczegielniak A. , Krysta K. , Krzystanek M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDown’s syndrome often requires specialized rehabilitation methods in order to effectively improve cognitive and motor functioning. The growing interest in technologies to support rehabilitation is opening up new and promising perspectives for improving the quality of life of people diagnosed with this syndrome. One of these technologies is the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) system from Motek.ObjectivesThe aim of the planned research project is to explore the potential of using the CAREN system in the rehabilitation of people with Down’s syndrome.MethodsThe study included 10 participants with Down’s syndrome (men and women aged 18 to 50 years) without the presence of organic musculoskeletal disease or other somatic causes impairing motor performance. Before the training test, the participants were assessed by two psychological tests: 1) ACE III - Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III Scale (ACE-III), which assesses attention and orientation, memory, verbal fluency, language and visuospatial functions and 2) the TONI 4 Non-Verbal Intelligence Test, which is a test used to measure general intelligence. The tests were carried out using the MOTEK CAREN device, which consists of a treadmill for motor training and a virtual reality screen on which different scenes are displayed for the participant to see during the test. Integrated motion capture technology was used to assess movement capabilities of the patients.. The screen displayed different types of applications in the form of virtual reality, in which the participant had to cope with various tasks accommodating different psychomotor skills, for example:crossing a virtual bridge, walking through a forest. The test took about 45 minutes per person. Two training sessions were conducted for each of the 10 patients with a one-month interval between them.ResultsThe Motek Caren System has proven to be a promising rehabilitation method for people with Down’s syndrome, compared to previous experience with different rehabilitation methods and existing research in the field.ConclusionsResults emphasize the necessity for further investigations and future research should involve more participants. The project has the potential to integrate modern technology with traditional forms of therapy to improve the quality of life and functioning of people affected by this syndrome.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Improving Access to Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: Barriers, Challenges, and Recommendations
Authors: Tsang V. , Roney C. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPsilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has demonstrated significant potential in alleviating anxiety, depression, and psychological distress among individuals with terminal illnesses. However, numerous barriers prevent equitable access to this transformative treatment.ObjectivesThis study seeks to gather the perspectives of patients on the waitlist of PAT.MethodsSemi-structured interviews highlight the challenges faced by patients seeking PAT and their care providers and propose recommendations to enhance accessibility.ResultsThrough a case study of Roots to Thrive, a non-profit healthcare practice offering group-based PAT, obstacles such as complex application processes, fear of judgement, logistical and financial constraints, and systemic inequities are revealed. Moreover, Health Canada’s stringent control of PAT access via clinical trials and the Special Access Program (SAP) presents challenges for primary care providers and hinders the involvement of trained practitioners. The moral distress experienced by patients and providers due to delayed or denied access further emphasizes the urgency of addressing these barriers.ConclusionsAdvocates are calling for streamlined referral systems, expedited services for end-of-life patients, formal billing infrastructure, practitioner education, expanded coverage, legislative adjustments, post-therapy support, and collaboration with non-profit organizations and Indigenous Healers to promote equitable and effective PAT. By implementing these recommendations, barriers to PAT can be overcome, allowing more individuals to benefit from this therapy and find relief from the psychological distress associated with their conditions.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Principles of a personalized approach in psychosocial interventions for cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Nikolaeva O. , Babokin V. , Trofimov N. , Fakhraei S. S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCardiac surgery patients, former cardiac patients, face additional sources of stress connected with surgical intervention.ObjectivesTo devise the main principles of a personalized approach in psychosocial interventions for cardiac surgery patients.MethodsWe have devised these principles based on the analysis of contemporary scientific literature and the operational experience of the Cardiology Clinic of the Chuvash Republic located in the city of Cheboksary.ResultsA personalized approach in psychosocial interventions for cardiac surgery patients is used at all levels of medical support. It implies taking into consideration in every specific patient a unique correlation of their clinic-anamnestic peculiarities, clinic-psychological risk factors of the condition’s gravity and their psychological resources. At the same time, all the psychological interventions must focus on the personality and comply with the clinic specificity of the actual somatic and mental condition of the cardiac surgery patients. The underlying principles of the personalized approach in psychosocial interventions for cardiac surgery patientsinclude the principles of accessibility, openness, continuity, collaboration, integration, differentiation, variation, participation, awareness and prevention.ConclusionsRelying on the personalized approach in psychosocial interventions for cardiac surgery patientsallows working out a personalized treatment and rehabilitation course for an individual patient.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared