bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bureaucratic Resistance and Presidential Cabinet Formation
Authors: Lee Don S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter tests the argument related to presidents’ efforts to monitor and control the bureaucracy in implementing their reform programs. The main prediction is that, facing challenges from professionalized bureaucracies, presidents tend to appoint ministers from the bureaucracy who can tame the agents, but with greater influence over politicized bureaucracies, presidents are more likely to select ministers from outside the bureaucracy who are experts in their fields. The results based on quantitative analysis show that presidents are more likely to appoint ministers representing the bureaucracy in more professionalized bureaucracies but are less likely to do so in more politicized bureaucracies. Furthermore, qualitative evidence based on interviews and case studies reveals that, in more professionalized systems, presidents tend to promote into top executive positions senior civil servants who are ideologically aligned with them; however, in more politicized systems, presidents tend to choose experts from outside the bureaucracy when forming cabinets.
Act I
Authors: Jenks Tom 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
“Sonny’s Blues” is composed in a three-act structure, and, likewise, the chapters of My Reading follow this structure. Act I of My Reading focuses the story’s dramatic structure in scenes and the lyric and imagistic gestures that Baldwin makes to initiate the drama of the perilous life of Harlem of the 1950s and draws a comparison to John Coltrane’s “A Love Supreme,” which has a structure and regenerative impulse similar to “Sonny’s Blues,” the two artists, Baldwin and Coltrane, taking part in a shift occurring in race consciousness and the American psyche. Formal aspects, such as use of perspective, are discussed in this chapter, as are the two primary characters, estranged brothers—the older one in longstanding denial of his younger brother’s heroin addiction, which must now be acknowledged, even as the older brother is challenged to admit all the dread and suffering that surrounds their lives in Harlem. Reflections on Baldwin’s awareness of the difficulty of change, its slow progress, and his intent for the story to provide continuing commentary and encouragement, and thus its clear relevance to today’s racial issues.
The Puzzle of Epistemic Blame
Authors: Boult Cameron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter motivates the idea that there is an epistemic kind of blame. One reason to take this idea seriously comes from reflections on parallels between epistemology and ethics. Another comes from considerations about the role that blame and blameworthiness play in contemporary epistemology. The chapter examines the role that epistemic blame plays in debates about epistemic justification, doxastic control, and the “authority” of epistemic normativity. The chapter then introduces a puzzle. The puzzle arises when aiming to achieve two distinct, but closely related and equally important theoretical goals: (i) explaining what makes epistemic blame more significant than mere negative epistemic evaluation, and (ii) doing so without invoking attitudes, behaviors, or practices that seem out of place in the epistemic domain. The chapter articulates these competing sources of pressure, developing criteria that an account of epistemic blame must meet in order to resolve the puzzle of epistemic blame.
Blameworthy Belief, Assertion, and Other Epistemic Harms
Authors: Boult Cameron 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the scope of appropriate epistemic blame. What would a complete list of behaviors and attitudes for which people can be epistemically blameworthy look like? The chapter begins by examining whether people can be epistemically blameworthy for things like dogmatism and wishful thinking. One concern about this is the well-worn question of whether people can be blameworthy for doxastic states which seem beyond their control. The relationship-based account is deployed to make sense of epistemic blame for attitudes that are not under direct voluntary control. The chapter turns its attention to assertion, testimonial injustice, and other forms of “epistemic harm,” such as epistemic exploitation and gaslighting. Important challenges arise when examining epistemic blameworthiness in each case. The chapter’s main aim is to argue that epistemic relationships are a useful tool for illuminating the nature of a wide variety of failings, and illustrating their connection to epistemic blame.
Depletion
Authors: Rai Shirin M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This book examines the human costs of care and caring and how these are reproduced across generations—a topic often overlooked in the theoretical analysis of the issue. It explores the multiple facets of social reproductive work and argues that this work has significant human costs, which are neglected. Unrecognized, depletion erodes individual lives as well as social institutions and our environment (family, community groups, and ecologies), and is generative of harm—historic, present, and anticipatory—at each of these levels. Consent does not mitigate harm. Recognition of depletion can result in strategizing for the reversal of this harm in complex and multilayered forms: mitigation, replenishment, and transformation. Building on case studies from across the globe, and developing innovative methodologies, the book argues that intersectional inequalities of race, gender, and class are critical in the understanding of depletion. This book is a strong indictment of overlooking depletion; the struggles to reverse depletion are struggles for a good life, generative of new imaginings of how this work of care, both draining and joyful, can be reorganized and reversed.
The Man Who Owned Broadway
Authors: Craft Elizabeth T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As a creator and performer who also became one of Broadway’s most powerful producers and businessmen, in conjunction with partner Sam Harris, George M. Cohan occupied a singular position. This chapter examines how Cohan helped shape contemporary discourses about wealth and business, as both a Broadway magnate and a creator, amid a rapidly transforming US economy and theatrical industry. Themes of money and class pervade Cohan’s shows throughout his career, but as this chapter shows, from around 1909 to 1919 business came to the fore. The chapter examines Get-Rich-Quick Wallingford (1910), which staged national anxieties about big business capitalism while also celebrating it. Finally, the chapter discusses the actors’ strike of 1919 and Cohan’s vocal opposition to the Actors’ Equity Association, demonstrating how Cohan’s unique position as Broadway performer and magnate made him a lightning rod in this highly publicized battle between business and workers.
Ramendrasundar Tribedi and a Sonic History of Race in Colonial Bengal
Authors: Mukharji Projit Bihari 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rise of comparative philology in the eighteenth century had created a new way of triangulating the relationship between race, language, and history. Language, in this framework, was understood mainly as grammar. At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the Bengali physicist and polymath, Ramendrasundar Tribedi, sought to rework this relationship by reimagining language as a sonic archive. His complex framework, which I call a somatomimetic alphabetics, sought to recover a non-elite and racially hybrid history of language through its sounds. Moreover, he intended this history to then guide the development of future scientific terminology in Bengali. Tribedi’s Byzantine new formulation braided together physical theories of sound developed by scientists like Helmholtz with Vaishnava lore and Sanskrit language pedagogy. But, crucially, it was also informed by his own intimacy with the world of classical Hindustani music and a political commitment to a cosmopolitan, open-ended form of nationalism.
Cosmopoiesis
Authors: Davies James Q. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter proposes a theory of cosmopoiesis, a poetics of songful world-making. It suggests how weaving together biocultural environments in song and storytelling might be related to both decolonial struggle and the poetic imperatives of empire building. The concept is introduced via a single case of resource extraction: a musical transcription, written in pen on paper, by Sarah Wallis Bowdich, English explorer-naturalist and pianist, made in 1817. The song was sung by a ngombi harp player—a musician with albinism purportedly enslaved among coastal Mpongwe-speaking peoples—and improvised, according to colonial reports, off the Gabon Estuary in West Central Africa. Reading along the grain of colonial documents, maps, and letters, the chapter presents three ways of narrating this sung performance alongside three competing ways of ranking the human in relation to each political ecology.
Ethnography and Exoticism in Nineteenth-Century France
Authors: Revuluri Sindhumathi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Nineteenth-century France played host to multiple engagements with the sounds of other places, including in the formation and development of intellectual histories of music. This chapter uses three case studies—Julien Tiersot’s early ethnographic writing, François-Joseph Fétis’s writings on music history, and the origin stories of Igor Stravinsky’s Le sacre du printemps—to explore the relationship between the practices of ethnography and exoticism. Revisiting Edward Said’s Orientalism as a seminal text, it asks how the acoustics of empire shape what could even be heard at this particular historical moment and how those bounds have implications for the study of music today.
Gandhi’s Silence
Authors: Devji Faisal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Gandhi praised silence as a moral virtue opposed to the political importance of voice. He considered the understanding derived from communication to be incomplete and unequally accessible, with its knowledge of others motivated by the desire to control them. While Indian nationalists wanted their voices heard by the colonial state, the Mahatma was concerned instead with the limits of voice and communication. He criticized their claims to authenticity and focused on the incommunicable element crucial in all human relations. How might ignorance, as the necessary ground of such relations, then, serve to augment rather than limit moral and political life?
Afterword
Authors: Boehmer Elleke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
“Sound in the Imperial Archive” looks and listens back across the Acoustics of Empire essays and considers the range and diversity of the sounds—noise, music, birdsong, explosions, traffic, human chatter, and more—of the nineteenth-century empire brought together in the collection’s pages. This closing chapter suggests that, if we are to build a properly historical sense of empire both on the ground and in the round, then its sounds provide fine-grained, evocative ways of understanding more about imperial power: its modes of imposition and dissemination, its spread, and its unevenness, as well as the day-to-day experience of living in an imperial world.
Storytelling
Authors: Ganz Marshall 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this chapter the author introduces the power of storytelling as a leadership practice: work of the heart. We tell stories to access, share, and adapt emotional resources embedded in our values to respond to disruption with hope rather than fear, love (solidarity) rather than isolation, a sense of self-worth rather than self-doubt. In this way we can enable ourselves and others to respond to disruptions with agency rather than reacting to them thoughtlessly. We can tell stories of self to communicate our values to others, stories of us to communicate values we share with each other, and stories of now to motivate a response to the choices we must make now. The author debriefs the example of James Croft sharing his public narrative to begin learning the craft of storytelling practice. The author concludes by sharing how to use an “empathetic bridge” to enable others to engage with loss, difference, domination, and change.
Structure
Authors: Ganz Marshall 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this chapter the author argues that the way we structure our work with one another shapes our internal and external effectiveness. We must learn how to manage the inherent tensions of balancing the rhythm of change that drives campaigns with the rhythm of continuity that sustains organization; of inclusion and exclusion, unity and diversity, and parts and wholes—all to integrate the practice of democratic self-governance with organized power to renew our democracy.
Line and Configuration
Authors: Tymoczko Dmitri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter develops a “configurational” perspective on counterpoint, representing music not as the braiding of independent lines, but as sequences of voicings centered at particular locations in pitch space. This perspective originates in the Renaissance and can be modeled as a change of internal musical coordinates. The configurational perspective maps naturally onto the geometrical models used throughout the book. This chapter uses configurations to analyze dyadic, triadic, and four-voice counterpoint in turn. It argues that dyadic logic often governs three- or four-voice textures. With four voices, it can be useful to “think inside the chord,” treating harmonies as very small scales along which voices move.
Within You Without You
Authors: Rogovoy Seth 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Within You Without You: Listening to George Harrison is a highly personal exploration of George Harrison’s essential contributions to the Beatles. It also gives full consideration to his solo career and his significant role as a Western proponent of Indian music and beliefs. Through close examination of his guitar playing in the Fab Four and his songwriting in and out of the Beatles, the book attempts to demystify the enigma of this most reluctant of rock stars. Drawing upon the insights of the author—a rock critic and music historian of over forty years’ standing, whose previous books include Bob Dylan: Prophet Mystic Poet—as well as those of expert observers, including English rock singer-songwriters Robyn Hitchcock and John Wesley Harding and Beatles filmmaker Michael Lindsay-Hogg, Within You Without You will forever change the way readers hear the music of the Beatles and view Harrison’s role in the group. It will also enhance appreciation of Harrison as a cultural figure above and beyond his work as a musician.
The Love There That’s Sleeping
Authors: Rogovoy Seth 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 14 of Within You Without You, “The Love There That’s Sleeping,” closely examines George Harrison’s song “While My Guitar Gently Weeps.” Often regarded as one of Harrison’s best songs and high on the list of the best Beatles songs—and certainly one of the most beloved tracks on The Beatles, better known as “The White Album”—“While My Guitar Gently Weeps” went through a number of iterations. It began with an acoustic version and several band versions with multiple overdubs (it was one of the first Beatles recordings to make use of an eight-track recording unit). Then it all clicked once Harrison had invited his friend Eric Clapton into the recording studio to contribute the tune’s essential guitar solo. Clapton did his best George Harrison imitation so it would not sound out of place on a Beatles album.
What I Feel I Can’t Say
Authors: Rogovoy Seth 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 21 of Within You Without You, “What I Feel I Can’t Say,” closely examines the George Harrison song “What Is Life,” which appeared on his debut solo album, All Things Must Pass. “My Sweet Lord” may have been the greater commercial success on its way to becoming Harrison’s iconic solo number. However, “What Is Life,” at least musically, was the much more detailed architectural triumph. It was, as well, the best realization of Harrison’s collaboration with producer Phil Spector, infused with horn-heavy, R&B influences and several killer hooks. Evoking both Motown and early rock ’n’ roll, it created its own sound in a timeless song of love, both earthly and divine.
George Goes to the Movies
Authors: Rogovoy Seth 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chapter 27 of Within You Without You, “George Goes to the Movies,” recounts the odyssey of George Harrison’s film production company, HandMade Films. The chapter examines the company’s origins as a way to fund his friend Eric Idle’s movie, Monty Python’s Life of Brian. The company played a significant role in producing serious English dramas (and comedies) throughout the 1980s (including such critical and commercial successes as Time Bandits, The Long Good Friday, Mona Lisa, and A Private Function), and came to a sad end in the early 1990s, when Harrison fell out with his business partner and manager, Denis O’Brien. The boutique production company is often credited with rescuing what was then considered a moribund era in British moviemaking. Harrison came to the role of producer with much experience on the other side of the camera, having starred in several Beatles films, including A Hard Day’s Night and Help!
New Towns and Colonial Outposts
Authors: Talen Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter addresses new towns and colonial outposts. Like all planned communities, new towns reflect aspirations about lifestyle and how people are supposed to conduct their daily lives. In this sense, the form of the new town embodies a social order—who is supposed to live where, how much land they are supposed to have, how integrated the functions of the town are supposed to be, what level of collective life is imagined. The chapter then looks at monarchical town planting and the act of town founding. Town founding was often also a matter of empire-building, a desire to control territory by establishing towns as colonial outposts. Roman military encampments, medieval bastides, colonial outposts of the British Empire, Early American cities, and US railroad towns all share this trait—town founding for the purpose of territorial expansion. The chapter also considers the colonial outposting that occurred under the rules of the Laws of the Indies, the well-known 16th-century ordinance imposed by the Spanish monarchy for laying out colonies in the “new world.” Other motivations for town founding include religious or cosmological symbolism, as well as numerical symbolism.
Modernist Urbanism
Authors: Talen Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines modernist urbanism, which broke the traditional bond between two-dimensional pattern and three-dimensional form. By the late 20th century, the New Urbanists claimed in their Charter of principles that architectural style had nothing to do with the urban pattern. New towns built after World War II in the modernist vein have the unmistakable imprint of functionalism, which, in practical terms, means separation. The street pattern of modernist housing developments was used to separate people by minimizing street connection. Some modernist housing arrangements, like Dammerstock in Karlsruhe, Germany, or the housing complexes of the southern part of Amsterdam, were driven by a formulaic attachment to the principles of maximizing exposure to sun and green space. However, green space did not provide a setting for social connection. The chapter then looks at the Soviet version of modern urbanism, considering mikrorayons (“micro-districts”) and socialist cities.
Uniformity
Authors: Talen Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the notion of uniformity, which is common with all housing types. It argues that diversity will only be palatable if it exists within a framework that provides coherence, which usually means some degree of uniformity. Meanwhile, uniformity on a vast scale signals production building, which can often be bleak. The chapter explains how politicians and developers are worried about socialism if housing design control is transferred from private interests to government-backed housing projects. It also explains how uniformity is utilized in various ways, such as masking and protecting an underlying social diversity or elevating a selected element.
Superblocks
Authors: Talen Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter looks into categories of superblocks. It starts with the type that combines existing city blocks to create one large superblock, so that the street pattern redefines mobility no longer dominated by the automobile and the space is recovered for social needs. On the other hand, the second category of superblock consists of blocks in which the buildings within them are unaligned with streets. The appeal of the superblock mostly revolves around giving apartment dwellers immediate access to green space, which are towers set in parks. The chapter explains that reducing road-building costs was still a strong motive for superblocks.
Enclosure
Authors: Talen Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter details the notion of enclosure as the principle of giving space dimension by using aligned building frontage as walls to create an outdoor room. Since the room created is public, it can function as a setting for social and civic life. The chapter explains that spatial dimensioning was a conscious act in the Renaissance and Baroque periods since squares were literately carved into the medieval urban fabric. On the other hand, mid-century modernism with its towers in parks was the opposite of enclosure. The chapter explains that the return of enclosure was a recognition of its economic advantage.
Conclusion
Authors: Talen Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This concluding chapter offers a series of evaluative questions on how to read the city and understand what it has to say. It explains cities as physical places that convey a lot about a society and a culture in terms of what is valued and where power resides. Thus, a person can understand the city and its parts as expressions of cultural preferences, aesthetic taste, and political influence. The chapter provides an overview of questions in correlation with the themes of order, dominance, and choice locations. It also includes evaluative questions concerning the notions of social connection, diversity, and circulation.
Introduction
Authors: Chervinsky Lindsay M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
John Adams was one of the most experienced presidents to ever occupy the office. He had served in Congress, drafted the Massachusetts state constitution, held almost every important diplomatic post, and spent eight years as the vice president. But he had never held executive office himself. George Washington’s retirement after two terms marked a terrifying turning point for the nation. Many Americans questioned whether the presidency or the republic would survive without the father of the country. For all his flaws, Adams proved to be the right man for the nearly impossible task of following Washington.
All Evidences That They Are Sincere
Authors: Chervinsky Lindsay M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
On October 1, 1798, Elbridge Gerry finally returned from France. Gerry’s break with his fellow envoys had made him a pariah in the United States. But he brought with him important information from Paris that suggested a significant shift in French foreign policy. At the same time, John Adams received secret reports from John Quincy Adams in Berlin and William Vans Murray at The Hague that confirmed Gerry’s intelligence. The unified and strong American response to the French insults had surprised the French Directory. They had no interest in war and were amenable to a diplomatic solution to the Quasi-War. In response, Adams included a controversial passage in his annual address that left the door open to future peace missions.