bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between miRNAs in serum at 10–14 gestational weeks and spontaneous preterm delivery
Authors: Wikström Tove , Kim Sung Hye , Leverin Anna‐Lena , Wennerholm Ulla‐Britt , Jacobsson Bo , Valentin Lil , Bennett Phillip R. , Terzidou Vasso , Hagberg Henrik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionPreterm delivery (PTD) is the leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age. Cervical shortening detected by ultrasound can be used to predict PTD, but prediction is not perfect, and complementary diagnostic markers are needed. Recently, specific plasma microribonucleic acid (miRNAs) detected in early second trimester were shown to be associated with spontaneous PTD in high‐risk women with a singleton pregnancy. The aim of this study was to explore to what extent these miRNAs are associated with spontaneous PTD and cervical length in a general population.Material and MethodsThis study is a nested case–control study within the CERVIX study. The CERVIX study evaluated the ability of cervical length screening with transvaginal ultrasound to identify women at risk of PTD. In the present study, women who delivered spontaneously <34 weeks (n = 61) were compared with a control group of women who delivered at full term (39 + 0 to 40 + 6 gestational weeks, n = 205). Archived serum samples were analyzed with RT‐qPCR for miRNA expression levels of let‐7a‐5p, miR‐150‐5p, miR‐15b‐5p, miR‐185‐5p, miR‐191‐5p, miR‐19b‐3p, miR‐23a‐3p, miR‐374a‐5p, and miR‐93‐5p. The mean relative expression was compared between the groups. Sub‐analyses were performed for women delivering <32, <30, and <28 weeks vs the full‐term group.ResultsThe analyzed miRNAs were not significantly differentially expressed in women delivering <34 weeks compared to those delivering at full term. MiR‐191‐5p and miR‐93‐5p were significantly overexpressed in women who delivered <32 weeks, and further increase in fold change was observed with decreasing gestational age at delivery. The level of miR‐15b‐5p was significantly higher in women delivering at <30 weeks compared to those delivering at full term.ConclusionsOur study shows that overexpression of miR‐93‐5p, miR‐15b‐5p, and miR‐191‐5p in serum at early gestation is associated with spontaneous PTD in a general population. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential of these miRNAs as future biomarkers for spontaneous PTD, as well as their pathophysiological role in spontaneous PTD.
Prevalence and prognosis of patients with MASLD‐related cirrhosis after an ICU hospitalization in France: A single‐centre prospective study
Authors: Sultanik Philippe , Lherault Guillaume , Bouzbib Charlotte , Ratziu Vlad , Pais Raluca , Mouri Sarah , Thabut Dominique , Rudler Marika 
Published: July 2024

SummaryBackground and AimsThe prevalence of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)‐related cirrhosis has been increasing these last decades. There are no data regarding the prevalence of MASLD‐related cirrhosis in intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsProspective single‐centre study in a cohort of patients hospitalized in the ICU of Hepatology La Pitié‐Salpêtrière Hospital between January 2019 and September 2021. We analysed three groups of patients: MASLD‐cirrhosis (alcohol ≤210 g for men and 140 g weekly for women), ALD (alcohol‐related liver disease, alcohol>140 g weekly for women or >210 g for men)‐cirrhosis alone and MetALD (metabolic and alcohol‐related liver disease)‐cirrhosis. Endpoints were 1‐year transplant‐free survival (TFS), further acute decompensation (AD) and re‐admission.ResultsA total of 410 patients were hospitalized, and 315 analysed: 39 in MASLD, 160 in ALD and 116 in MetALD groups. The global prevalence was 10% for MASLD, 41% ALD and 29.7% for MetALD. Patients in the MASLD group were significantly older (65 vs. 57 and 59 years, p < 0.001), and had lower Child‐Pugh (8 vs. 11 vs. 10, p < 0.001) and MELD score (17 vs. 22 vs. 21, p < 0.001). The 1‐year TFS was not different between groups (53% vs. 54% vs. 54%, p = 0.96). Cardiovascular mortality was <5% in all groups. The 1‐year probability of developing hepatic encephalopathy was significantly higher in the MASLD group (73% vs. 27% and 21%, p < 0.001). There was no difference regarding the development of other complications between groups.ConclusionMASLD or MetALD was responsible for 1/3 of the causes of cirrhosis in the ICU. MASLD‐related cirrhosis is as severe as ALD‐related cirrhosis. Liver transplantation should be rapidly discussed.
Editorial: Decoding the enigma—Navigating complexity in MASLD management. Authors' reply
Authors: Alkhouri Naim , Bayne Anne‐Cécile V. , Chalasani Naga 
Published: July 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Alkhouri et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18149 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18169
Preliminary development of a brief parent‐report gender identity alignment/distress screener for children
Authors: Diemer Matthew A. , Hillier Amy , Marcus Steven C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis research develops a brief, and preliminary, parent‐report screener to assess gender identity alignment/distress in children. The increasing prevalence of children not identifying with their sex at birth, the length and outdated language of existing gender identity measures, and the need to assess gender identity among children (as opposed to adolescent/adult measures) motivate a screener. A survey containing 14 items from existing instruments was administered to a diverse set of 1110 parents of children ages 3–12. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, followed by multiple indicators and multiple causes (MIMIC) modelling, were used to develop a 5‐item, unidimensional screener that may assess gender identity alignment/distress. The screener may be suitable to identify children who experience misalignment between their gender and sex assigned at birth and parents or children for whom this misalignment causes distress. These families may benefit from additional resources and conversations between paediatric staff and children about their gender identity, including education for parents, and/or referrals for specialty care. Future research should further streamline and validate this preliminary screener, examine its convergence with gender identity and distress measures and explore including children's perspectives.
Immune‐mediated disruption of the blood–brain barrier after intracerebral hemorrhage: Insights and potential therapeutic targets
Authors: Jia Peijun , Peng Qinfeng , Fan Xiaochong , Zhang Yumeng , Xu Hanxiao , Li Jiaxin , Sonita Houn , Liu Simon , Le Anh , Hu Qiongqiong , Zhao Ting , Zhang Shijie , Wang Junmin , Zille Marietta , Jiang Chao , Chen Xuemei , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a condition that arises due to the rupture of cerebral blood vessels, leading to the flow of blood into the brain tissue. One of the pathological alterations that occurs during an acute ICH is an impairment of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which leads to severe perihematomal edema and an immune response.DiscussionA complex interplay between the cells of the BBB, for example, pericytes, astrocytes, and brain endothelial cells, with resident and infiltrating immune cells, such as microglia, monocytes, neutrophils, T lymphocytes, and others accounts for both damaging and protective mechanisms at the BBB following ICH. However, the precise immunological influence of BBB disruption has yet to be richly ascertained, especially at various stages of ICH.ConclusionThis review summarizes the changes in different cell types and molecular components of the BBB associated with immune‐inflammatory responses during ICH. Furthermore, it highlights promising immunoregulatory therapies to protect the integrity of the BBB after ICH. By offering a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms behind BBB damage linked to cellular and molecular immunoinflammatory responses after ICH, this article aimed to accelerate the identification of potential therapeutic targets and expedite further translational research.
Long‐term effects of a lifestyle modification program for men with obesity delivered in German football clubs
Authors: Pietsch Benjamin , Manske Michelle , Hanewinkel Reiner , Kaduszkiewicz Hanna , Morgenstern Matthis 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThis study examined the long‐term effects of a lifestyle modification program delivered at German Bundesliga football clubs. Weekly 90‐minute group sessions over 12 weeks combined health education and physical activity and were delivered by coaches affiliated with the football clubs. A total of 371 men (mean age 49.7 years [SD = 7.6]) attended 41 classes at 19 clubs in 2017 and 2018 and participated in the long‐term follow‐up. Primary outcome was weight‐loss at follow‐up with a mean observation period of 20.4 months after baseline. Measures were taken partly by research staff and partly by participants themselves. At baseline, the men had a mean weight of 111.3 kg (SD = 16.9). Three months after baseline (posttest), the men had lost a mean of 6.3 kg (95% CI: 5.7–6.9). From posttest to follow‐up, growth curve model showed men lost an average of 0.8 kg (95% CI: 0.2–1.4). Weight regain from posttest to follow‐up of at least 3% was observed in 75 participants (20.2%) and was associated with less improvement in vegetable consumption in an adjusted logistic regression model. The data suggest that participation in a male‐only lifestyle modification program offered by German football clubs may lead to sustained weight loss, but lack of a randomized control group and drop‐outs prevent generalization of the results.
Land use modulates resistance of grasslands against future climate and inter‐annual climate variability in a large field experiment
Authors: Korell Lotte , Andrzejak Martin , Berger Sigrid , Durka Walter , Haider Sylvia , Hensen Isabell , Herion Yva , Höfner Johannes , Kindermann Liana , Klotz Stefan , Knight Tiffany M. , Linstädter Anja , Madaj Anna‐Maria , Merbach Ines , Michalski Stefan , Plos Carolin , Roscher Christiane , Schädler Martin , Welk Erik , Auge Harald 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate and land‐use change are key drivers of global change. Full‐factorial field experiments in which both drivers are manipulated are essential to understand and predict their potentially interactive effects on the structure and functioning of grassland ecosystems. Here, we present 8 years of data on grassland dynamics from the Global Change Experimental Facility in Central Germany. On large experimental plots, temperature and seasonal patterns of precipitation are manipulated by superimposing regional climate model projections onto background climate variability. Climate manipulation is factorially crossed with agricultural land‐use scenarios, including intensively used meadows and extensively used (i.e., low‐intensity) meadows and pastures. Inter‐annual variation of background climate during our study years was high, including three of the driest years on record for our region. The effects of this temporal variability far exceeded the effects of the experimentally imposed climate change on plant species diversity and productivity, especially in the intensively used grasslands sown with only a few grass cultivars. These changes in productivity and diversity in response to alterations in climate were due to immigrant species replacing the target forage cultivars. This shift from forage cultivars to immigrant species may impose additional economic costs in terms of a decreasing forage value and the need for more frequent management measures. In contrast, the extensively used grasslands showed weaker responses to both experimentally manipulated future climate and inter‐annual climate variability, suggesting that these diverse grasslands are more resistant to climate change than intensively used, species‐poor grasslands. We therefore conclude that a lower management intensity of agricultural grasslands, associated with a higher plant diversity, can stabilize primary productivity under climate change.
Effectiveness of initiating advance care planning among older outpatients through intervention by physicians trained in a model discussion video: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yoshihara‐Kurihara Hanako , Hori Hiroshi , Fuse Aya , Kurihara Ibuki , Sueda Keishiro , Fukuchi Takahiko , Mori Masanori , Sugawara Hitoshi 
Published: July 2024

AimThis study aimed to assess the impact of a physician‐led intervention on advance care planning (ACP) introduction among older outpatients using a model discussion video.MethodsThis prospective interventional study included Japanese general practice outpatients aged ≥65 years. All participants received an ACP leaflet. Co‐researchers were trained using a model discussion video based on the “Serious Illness Conversation Guide,” and provided ACP introduction explanations to the intervention group to ensure intervention content consistency. The control group received the ACP leaflet only, with no standardized explanations. The primary outcome was ACP discussion occurrence. Secondary outcomes included ACP engagement (assessed through the 4‐item ACP Engagement Survey), engagement score for advance directives acquisition and score for surrogate decision‐maker identification, and anxiety incidence (assessed through Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7).ResultsThis study included 48 participants: 25 (52.1%) in the intervention group and 23 (47.9%) in the control group. Regarding primary outcome, the intervention group had significantly more ACP discussions compared with the control group (92.0% vs 26.1%, adjusted odds ratio 50.2, P = 0.0012). Regarding secondary outcomes, the intervention group showed greater readiness (mean scores for the 4‐item Engagement Survey [P = 0.0001], engagement score for advance directives acquisition [P = 0.01] and score for surrogate decision‐maker determination [P = 0.03]) than the control group, without increasing anxiety.ConclusionsThis physician‐led ACP introduction for older patients in a Japanese general practice setting enhanced ACP readiness and stimulated discussions, without increasing anxiety. The model discussion video for ACP introduction might effectively train physicians in general practice settings. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 859–866.
Relationship between imaging‐derived parameters and circulating microRNAs to study the degree of lung involvement in hospitalized geriatric patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia
Authors: Cecchini Sara , Di Rosa Mirko , Fantechi Lorenzo , Mecozzi Sara , Matacchione Giulia , Giuliani Angelica , Monsurrò Vladia , Zoppi Lorenzo , Cardelli Maurizio , Galeazzi Roberta , Recchioni Rina , Marchegiani Francesca , Marra Massimo , Sabbatinelli Jacopo , Corsonello Andrea , Sarzani Riccardo , Cherubini Antonio , Bonfigli Anna Rita , Fornarelli Daniela , Paci Enrico , Procopio Antonio Domenico , Olivieri Fabiola , Bronte Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

AimChest computed tomography (CT) scan is useful to evaluate the type and extent of lung lesions in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pneumonia. This study explored the association between radiological parameters and various circulating serum‐derived markers, including microRNAs, in older patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia.MethodsA retrospective analysis was designed to study geriatric patients (≥75 years) with COVID‐19 pneumonia, who underwent chest CT scan on admission, and for whom clinical data and serum samples were obtained. To quantify the extent of lung involvement, CT‐score, the percentage of healthy lung (HL%), the percentage of ground glass opacity (GGO%), and the percentage of lung consolidation were assessed using computer‐aided tools. The association of these parameters with two circulating microRNAs, miR‐483‐5p and miR‐320b, previously identified as biomarkers of mortality risk in COVID‐19 geriatric patients, was tested.ResultsA total of 73 patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia were evaluable (median age 85 years; interquartile range 82–90 years). Among chest CT‐derived parameters, the percentage of lung consolidation (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.14), CT‐score (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03–1.25), and HL% (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99) emerged as significant predictors of mortality, whereas non‐significant trends toward increased mortality were observed in patients with higher GGO%. We also found a significant positive association between serum miR‐483‐5p and GGO% (correlation coefficient 0.28; P = 0.018) and a negative association with HL% (correlation coefficient −0.27; P = 0.023).ConclusionsOverall, the extent of lung consolidation can be confirmed as a prognostic parameter of COVID‐19 pneumonia in older patients. Among various serum‐derived markers, miR‐483‐5p can help in exploring the degree of lung involvement, due to its association with higher GGO% and lower HL%. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 962–972.
Theories of immune recognition: Is anybody right?
Authors: Martins Yuri Chaves , Rosa‐Gonçalves Pamela , Daniel‐Ribeiro Cláudio Tadeu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe clonal selection theory (CST) is the centrepiece of the current paradigm used to explain immune recognition and memory. Throughout the past decades, the original CST had been expanded and modified to explain new experimental evidences since its original publication by Burnet. This gave origin to new paradigms that govern experimental immunology nowadays, such as the associative recognition of antigen model and the stranger/danger signal model. However, these new theories also do not fully explain experimental findings such as natural autoimmune immunoglobulins, idiotypic networks, low and high dose tolerance, and dual‐receptor T and B cells. To make sense of these empirical data, some authors have been trying to change the paradigm of immune cognition using a systemic approach, analogies with brain processing and concepts from second‐order cybernetics. In the present paper, we review the CST and some of the theories/hypotheses derived from it, focusing on immune recognition. We point out their main weaknesses and highlight arguments made by their opponents and believers. We conclude that, until now, none of the proposed theories can fully explain the totality of immune phenomena and that a theory of everything is needed in immunology.
Irritable bowel syndrome: When food is a pain in the gut
Authors: Hussein Hind , Van Remoortel Samuel , Boeckxstaens Guy E. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal condition associated with altered bowel habits and recurrent abdominal pain, often triggered by food intake. Current treatments focus on improving stool pattern, but effective treatments for pain in IBS are still lacking due to our limited understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms. Visceral hypersensitivity (VHS), or abnormal visceral pain perception, underlies abdominal pain development in IBS, and mast cell activation has been shown to play an important role in the development of VHS. Our work recently revealed that abdominal pain in response to food intake is induced by the sensitization of colonic pain‐sensing neurons by histamine produced by activated mast cells following a local IgE response to food. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on abdominal pain and VHS pathophysiology in IBS, we outline the work leading to the discovery of the role of histamine in abdominal pain, and we introduce antihistamines as a novel treatment option to manage chronic abdominal pain in patients with IBS.
Histological deep margins in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp and risk of recurrence
Authors: Verdaguer‐Faja Júlia , Guerra‐Amor Álvaro , Ferrándiz‐Pulido Carla , Abril‐Pérez Carlos , Botella Estrada Rafael , Masferrer Emili , Lopez‐Castillo Daniel , Deza Gustavo , Leal Lorena , Marti‐Marti Ignasi , Ruiz‐Salas Verónica , Yébenes Mireia , Marqués Martin Laura , Baliu Carola , Castany Anna , Boada Aram , Toll Agustí , Jaka Ane 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundConsensus is lacking on adequate deep histological margins in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Deep clearance for tumours located on the scalp is limited by anatomic constraints.ObjectiveTo determine whether clear but close deep histological margins (<1 mm) confer a higher risk of recurrence in cSCCs of the scalp treated by wide local excision, compared to deep histological margins ≥1 mm.MethodsMulticentre retrospective observational cohort study and multivariate competing risk analysis to evaluate risk factors for recurrence.ResultsIn total, 295 patients with 338 cSCCs were included. Close deep histological margins were not associated with an increased cumulative incidence of recurrence (subhazard ratio [SHR] 1.96 [95% CI 0.87–4.41]). However, an increased risk of recurrence was observed for those tumours that presented concurrent invasion of the galea aponeurotica and close deep margins, as opposed to patients without these factors (SHR 3.52 [1.24–10.01]). Tumours with clear but close peripheral margins (<1 mm) also had higher risk of recurrence (SHR 5.01 [1.68–14.97]).LimitationsRetrospective observational study based on pathology reports.ConclusionDeep histological margins <1 mm do not confer a greater risk of recurrence as long as the tumour is completely excised and the galea aponeurotica is not involved. Surgical excision of cSCC on the scalp should include the galea to ensure proper assessment of deep margins.
Comparison of forearm and intra‐arterial blood pressure measurements according to body and arm positions in obese patients
Authors: Günay Ismailoğlu Elif , Aygün Hakan , Şahan Seda , Ergin Eda , Geçtan Eliz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRationaleNoninvasive blood pressure (BP) monitoring is very important also difficult for accurate diagnosis and monitor of obese patients.AimsThe study aimed to assess the agreement between forearm arm BP and intra‐arterial BP values in a different body and arm positions in obese patients.MethodsThe descriptive study was carried out on 60 intensive care patients with a body mass index above 30 kg/m2 who were monitored with invasive radial BP in the general and surgical intensive care units. BP values obtained from the upper arm and forearm with different arm and body positions were compared with intra‐arterial BP results. Bland‐Altman analysis and correlation coefficient were used for the accuracy of upper and forearm noninvasive BP reading in different positions.ResultsThe best agreement was found between the forearm systolic BP in the supine and half‐sitting position with the arm down and intra‐arterial BP values. Also, the best agreement in diastolic BP was found between the half‐sitting and half‐sitting position with the arm down and intra‐arterial BP.ConclusionsForearm systolic BP measurement, especially in the supine and half‐sitting position with the arm below the heart level position, was best agreement with intra‐arterial measurement, regarded as the gold standard. For this reason, it is more appropriate to use forearm BP measurement in obese patients monitored in intensive care to obtain accurate results.