bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proinsulin/Insulin Autoantibodies Measured With Electrochemiluminescent Assay Are the Earliest Indicator of Prediabetic Islet Autoimmunity
Authors: Yu Liping , Dong Fran , Miao Dongmei , Fouts Alexandra R. , Wenzlau Janet M. , Steck Andrea K. 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE
We evaluated a novel electrochemiluminescent assay for insulin/proinsulin autoantibodies (ECL-IAA) as a new marker of the onset of islet autoimmunity and as a predictor of type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) prospectively follows children at increased genetic risk for development of islet autoimmunity (defined as presence of autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, IA-2, or zinc transporter 8 [ZnT8]) and type 1 diabetes (general population of children and first-degree relatives). Serial serum samples from subjects who progressed to type 1 diabetes and who had their first islet autoantibodies measured by age 18 months (N = 47) were tested using ECL-IAA.

RESULTS
Almost all prediabetic children tested positive for ECL-IAA (46 of 47, 98%) during follow-up. ECL-IAA was almost always the first autoantibody to appear (94% total; 21% very first [by itself]; 23% with only mIAA; 19% with another islet autoantibody [GAD or ZnT8]; and 30% with ≥2 other antibodies [mIAA, GAD, IA-2, or ZnT8]). Among the 46 subjects who were ECL-IAA positive, ECL-IAA antedated the onset of other islet autoantibodies by a mean of 2.3 years (range, 0.3–7.2 years). Both the age of appearance of autoantibody and IAA levels (but not GAD65, IA2, or ZnT8 levels) are major determinants of the age of diabetes onset.

CONCLUSIONS
This new ECL-IAA assay defines more precisely the onset of prediabetic autoimmunity and may help identify events triggering islet autoimmunity, as well as allow earlier intervention for type 1 diabetes. Nearly all young children progressing to diabetes are insulin autoantibody positive.
Frequency and chronological distribution of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age population from Żerniki Górne (Poland) – preliminary report
Authors: Tomczyk Jacek , Tomczyk-Gruca Maria , Zalewska Marta 
Published: February 2013

Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) is treated as a nonspecific indicator of stress, but even so, many authors consider it the most reliable tool stress in anthropological research. Its analysis allows the reconstruction of health related to the socio-economic status of the group. This study documents and interprets patterns of LEH in Żerniki Górne (Poland), a settlement which was functional in the Late Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. We examined two successive cultures: the Corded Ware Culture (CWC; 3200–2300BC) and the Trzciniec Culture (TC; 1500–1300BC).
In total, there were 1486 permanent teeth (124 adult individuals). The frequency of LEH in the examined cultures shows a small rising trend. In these series from Żernik Górne, males showed a higher occurrence of LEH (16.5%) than females (13.4%). The earliest LEH appeared at similar ages at about 2.0/2.2 years and the last LEH occurred at about 4.2 years of age in both cultures. However, it is worth noting that periods associated with physiological stress were more common but not very long (four months on average) in the CWC. Longer stress periods (nine months on average) were associated with the TC.
An introduction to the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland
Authors: Gedl Przemysław , Kaim Andandrzej 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Gedl. P. and Kaim, A. 2012. An introduction to the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (3), 267- 280. Warszawa.
This paper provides introductory data for multidisciplinary studies on palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays exposed at Gnaszyn, southern Poland. These dark-coloured fine-clastic deposits have been studied for micropalaeontology, sedimentology and geochemistry (published in separate papers within this volume). Brief outlines of the Middle Jurassic palaeogeography of the Polish epicontinental basin and the geology of the Kraków-Silesia Homocline are given. A description of the ore-bearing clays succession exposed in the clay-pit at Gnaszyn is provided, including locations of the sections studied, their ammonite biostratigraphy, brief lithology and macrofossil distribution. The sample positions collected for micropalaeontological and geochemical studies are specified.
Palaeoenvironmental significance of iron carbonate concretions from the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland
Authors: Witkowska Magdalena 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Witkowska, M. 2012. Palaeoenvironmental significance of iron carbonate concretions from the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Krakow-Silesia Homocline, Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (3), 307-324. Warszawa.
Iron carbonate concretion horizons are characteristic features of the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) claystone-mudstone succession at Gnaszyn. They occur in single horizons, which generally represent the same genetic type. The siderite concretions are the main type of iron carbonate concretions at Gnaszyn; a second type is represented by phosphate-siderite concretions. On the basis of the fieldwork, and their petrographical and mineralogical characteristics, the genesis of the concretions and their palaeoenvironmental significance is discussed. The results of this study (based on the localization, mode of occurrence, mineralogy of iron carbonate concretions and also the textural relationship between the concretions and host sediment layers) suggest an early diagenetic origin of the concretions. The preferential occurrence of the concretion horizons in single layers in the ambient sediments was associated with particular conditions of their deposition and early diagenesis, favored by a slower sedimentation rate and more intense bioturbation, and related primarily to the greater availability of reactive iron ions. From the viewpoint of physicochemical conditions the horizons with iron carbonate concretions in the study area reflect the redox boundary between oxic/bioturbated and anoxic/non-bioturbated zones. The conditions favoring the formation of such horizons was possibly due to longer periods of diminished sedimentation rate when the redox boundary remained in the same position within the sediment.
Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Resistance of 18Cr-4Ni-2.5Mo Cast Steel
Authors: Kalandyk B. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
An influence of a decreased Cr content on the microstructure of the highly alloyed Cr-Ni cast steel, duplex type, melted under laboratory conditions, was characterized in the paper. The microstructure investigations were performed in the initial state and after the heat treatment (solution annealing) at 1060°C as well as the phase transformation kinetics at continuous cooling was measured. The wear resistance of the investigated cast steel was tested and compared with the 24%Cr-5%Ni-2.5%Mo cast steel.
The Cr content decrease, in ferritic-austenitic cast steels (duplex), from 24-26%Cr to 18% leads to the changes of the castings microstructure and eliminating of a brittle σ phase. In dependence of the casting cooling rate, apart from ferrite and austenite, also fine martensite precipitates occur in the casting structure. It was shown that the investigated cast steel is characterised by a slightly lower wear resistance than the typical cast steel duplex grades.
Le filicide paternel comme « solution » généalogique
Authors: Durif-Varembont Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Cet article propose une réflexion clinique sur la dynamique psychique spécifique du passage à l’acte filicide, à partir de deux cas de pères meurtriers de leur fils. Ces cas sont extraits d’une recherche plus large sur tous les meurtres d’enfants jugés dans une cour d’assises française sur une période de dix ans. Il s’appuie sur l’hypothèse que ce type de meurtre est une tentative de résoudre un conflit psychique inconscient et de sortir d’une impasse généalogique. Il survient dans un contexte d’accumulation de pertes et de ruptures d’étayage. Le passage à l’acte apparaît ainsi comme une « solution » subjective à un débordement d’angoisse.
Un militantisme réformateur : les manuels du nouveau management public
Authors: Chelle Élisa 
Published: February 2013

Résumé La managérialisation est un processus qui traverse les bureaucraties occidentales depuis les années 1980. Les savoirs et pratiques du nouveau management ont transformé le mode de gestion des fonctionnaires tout comme la conduite des politiques publiques. Des ouvrages ont cherché à les systématiser et, par là, à les édifier en discipline académique. Cet article revient sur les procédés et les limites de cette scientificisation du nouveau management public. L’étude se base sur un corpus de plus de soixante manuels publiés en français et en anglais. Cette littérature prescriptive donne à voir les attendus d’un groupe professionnel et leur objectivation dans des énoncés qui font effet de science. L’article montre qu’en fait d’un contenu original, le nouveau management public est un ensemble composite de savoirs préexistants, issus des sciences de gestion, de la sociologie des organisations, ou de l’économie néoclassique. Une sociologie de ces militants réformateurs donne à voir des profils variés. Du consultant à l’universitaire, en passant par le haut-fonctionnaire, les stratégies convergent vers un affaissement des barrières entre fonction publique et secteur privé. Et, au-delà du cercle des initiés, contribuent à légitimer les discours sur la performance et à conforter la vision d’un « citoyen-consommateur ».
La construction politique d'une « science électorale » en France sous la IIIe République. Facteurs et acteurs d'un métissage politico-scientifique
Authors: Déloye Yves 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Par science du gouvernement électoral, il faudra entendre ici l’ensemble cohérent des études juridiques, des discours et des prises de positions qui, de chaque côté de l’échiquier parlementaire français, vont prétendre tout au long de la Troisième République prétendre organiser et rationaliser la pratique du suffrage électoral. Trop souvent perçue à travers une dimension « pragmatique », l’émergence d’une science électorale est contemporaine de l’universalisation du suffrage politique au milieu du XIX e siècle et, plus encore, du ralliement progressif des forces politiques conservatrices à ce mode de dévolution du pouvoir. Dès lors, le débat autour des formats et des façons de voter précède souvent les oppositions autour des « formules politiques ». L’enquête socio-historique présentée s’attachera à analyser les réseaux d’échanges savants qui ont contribué aussi bien en dehors que dans l’arène parlementaire à forger ce savoir qui contribuera fortement à donner une orientation aristocratique aux pratiques démocratiques représentatives.
La raison d'État. Usages politiques du savoir et gouvernement « scientifique » des technopols au Chili (1990-1994)
Authors: Joignant Alfredo 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Entre 1990 et 2010, la coalition de centre-gauche connue sous le nom de Concertación a gouverné le Chili de manière ininterrompue. Une partie de l’explication de cette longue période de domination se trouve dans la présence d’un petit groupe d’agents puissants qui, en tant que Ministres et Secrétaires d’État, ont fourni de la cohérence et du leadership à l’action gouvernementale. Ce petit groupe d’agents était constitué par des technopols, une catégorie où se conjuguent chez un même individu deux types de capitaux : d’une part, des capitaux symboliques (« tech ») qui leur permettent de se nourrir des principaux courants en économie, science politique et sociologie, et d’autre part des capitaux politiques (« pol ») sous la forme de l’occupation de postes de direction partisane avant d’accéder à une première nomination au gouvernement. Ce sont ces deux capitaux qui expliquent le rôle principal qui a été joué par 20 agents, lequel est abordé au moyen de l’analyse systématique de 113 rapports privés qui ont été rédigés afin d’orienter le président de la République au cours des premières années de la transition à la démocratie.
Le credo caché de l'évaluation financière d'un bien. Retour sur la notion de juste prix chez saint Thomas d'Aquin
Authors: Médevielle Geneviève 
Published: February 2013

Résumé À l’heure où l’on se pose la question éthique de la définition de la spéculation, reprendre la finesse des analyses des théologiens sur le juste prix, notamment celle de Thomas d’Aquin, peut être instructif pour vérifier où se joue le prix d’une chose et comment fonctionne cette norme du juste. Le prix d’une chose est-il à chercher dans la « nature » même des choses qui s’échangent comme on le pense encore très souvent ? Les choses auraient alors une valeur « objective » distincte des prix observables, une valeur qui permettrait de fonder les prix en justice indépendamment de l’analyse des circonstances de l’échange. L’enjeu de cet article est de mettre en valeur le credo caché de l’évaluation financière d’un bien, bien plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît.
Éthique et finance : le tournant performatif
Authors: Walter Christian 
Published: February 2013

Résumé L’éthique de la finance ne peut se limiter à la déontologie mais doit inclure la prise en compte de l’impact des outils de gestion, en particulier ceux qui contiennent une représentation du risque. Véritable machinerie de la finance professionnelle, les outils de gestion transportant une représentation du risque ont un impact à la fois organisationnel (les procédures de contrôle), institutionnel (les normes de régulation internationale), technique (les méthodes d’évaluation), et cognitif (les manières de penser l’incertitude pour s’en prémunir). Le façonnage des activités financières par les outillages techniques et mentaux est appelé « performation » du système financier. Il est de première importance de mieux comprendre le rôle joué par la performation dans la crise financière de 2007-2008 pour que l’éthique de la finance puisse entrer dans les techniques qui façonnent le monde financier.
Effect of Aging on the Anodic Behavior of Ni-Cr-Mo Alloys
Authors: HODGE F. G. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The precipitation response of corrosion resistant alloys based on the Ni-Cr-Mo phase diagram is complex with both intermetallic and carbide phases being formed during aging in the 650 to 1090 C (1202 to 1994 F) range. Although these phases markedly affect the corrosion resistance, their composition and structure have not been fully defined. Data are presented to show that the precipitating intermetallic phase in Hastelloy alloy C-276 is a (Ni, Fe, Co)3 (W, Mo Cr)2 Mu phase and the carbide is an M6C. Both phases have been shown to significantly increase the anodic dissolution rate of the passive region in boiling 10% sulfuric acid. Intergranular attack on aged alloy C-276 samples occurred due to attack of depleted regions in reducing acids and direct dissolution of precipitates under oxidizing conditions.
The Effect of Molybdenum on the Corrosion Behavior of Iron-Chromium Alloys
Authors: B.ROCKEL M. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Fe-18Cr alloys with additions of 2, 4, 6, and 8% Mo are studied in 1N H2SO4 at 25 C (77 F). The effect of Mo on potential-current density curves is determined potentiostatically. Increasing Mo content causes the critical current density to decrease, and the open circuit potential to become more noble. Alloys with 8% Mo do not show any anodic dissolution peak and passivate spontaneously. Some theoretical considerations of the passivation mechanism are discussed in connection with additional electrochemical measurements.
The Relationship Between Galvanic Current and Dissolution Rates
Authors: MANSFELD FLORIAN 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The recent development of instrumentation suitable for accurate determination of galvanic currents suggests that more data of this nature will be gathered and reported. It is shown that galvanic current data cannot be an accurate measure of dissolution rates in many cases, since dissolution rates from the galvanic current are smaller than the true dissolution rates. Correction of galvanic current data is possible, however, and correction procedures are explained for two limiting cases. Experimental support for the relationships derived is presented for Al alloys in aerated 3.5% NaCl coupled to a variety of dissimilar metals and alloys.
Interspecific difference and frequency dependence in habitat use of coexisting Ohomopterus ground beetle species under reproductive interference
Authors: Ujiie Masayuki , Kubota Kohei , Takami Yasuoki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn reproductive interference (RI), the fitness of individuals or populations is decreased through reproductive interactions with other species. This process results in positive frequency dependence, hindering species coexistence. However, theory predicts that species can coexist under weak RI. Habitat segregation can decrease the opportunity for reproductive interactions between species. Thus, a difference in habitat preference between species may weaken RI and facilitate coexistence. We examined this hypothesis by investigating the habitat uses of closely related Ohomopterus ground beetle species under RI, Carabus insulicola and C. esakii, in limited zones of sympatry at their distributional boundary. The effect of RI may be stronger for females of C. esakii than those of C. insulicola due to asymmetry in the genital size mismatch between the species (C. insulicola males have larger genitalia). Field surveys of local abundances and associations with local environmental parameters revealed contrasting habitat uses between the species. C. insulicola preferred open environments, while C. esakii inhabited forest environments. Interestingly, the habitat use of C. esakii, not C. insulicola, changed depending on the frequency of the other species; the species utilized habitats with a low frequency of C. insulicola. The difference in habitat use and its dependence on the frequency of the other species may facilitate species coexistence by promoting habitat segregation within a continuous landscape. Our findings provide insights into the importance of (plastic) trait differences in species distributions and coexistence under RI.
Studying naturally occurring involuntary autobiographical memories with the diary approach: A comparison of diary methods
Authors: Clevinger Amanda M. , Mace John H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOur aim in the current study was to examine how different diary methods might impact the results of involuntary memory studies. We compared three different commonly used diary methods, record all memories experienced per day, record up to two memories per day, or record only the first two per day. Results showed that the record‐all group had the most memories, and in all conditions, more memories were recorded during the first week compared to the second week. Additionally, results showed that the record any‐two group reported more perceptually cued memories compared to the other two conditions, and the record‐all group reported the most memory cued memories. The record‐all group reported being the most confident in their involuntary memories. The results may help explain some discrepancies in the literature, and they may assist future researchers by allowing them to tailor their methods according to their research questions.
Thermally Conductive Hexagonal Boron Nitride/Polymer Composites for Efficient Heat Transport
Authors: Yao Chengning , Leahu Grigore , Holicky Martin , Liu Sihui , Fenech‐Salerno Benji , Lai May Ching , Larciprete Maria Cristina , Ducati Caterina , Divitini Giorgio , Voti Roberto Li , Sibilia Concita , Torrisi Felice 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCommercial thermally conductive dielectric materials used in electronic packaging typically exhibit thermal conductivities (κ) ranging from 0.8 to 4.2 W m−1 K−1. Hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) flakes are promising thermally conductive materials for the thermal management of next‐generation electronics. These electrically insulating yet thermally conducting h‐BN flakes can be incorporated as thermal fillers to impart high κ to polymer‐based composites. A cellulose‐based composite embedded with few‐layer h‐BN (FLh‐BN) flakes, achieving a κ ≈ 21.7 W m−1 K−1, prepared using a cost‐effective and scalable procedure is demonstrated. This value is >5 times higher than the κ observed in composites embedded with bulk h‐BN (Bh‐BN, κ ≈ 4.5 W m−1 K−1), indicating the benefits of the superior κ of FLh‐BN on the κ of h‐BN polymer composites. When applied as a paste for thermal interface material (TIM), the FLh‐BN composite can reduce the maximum temperature (Tmax) by 24.5 °C of a heating pad at a power density (h) of 2.48 W cm−2 compared to Bh‐BN composites at the same h‐BN loading. The results provide an effective approach to improve the κ of cellulose‐based thermal pastes for TIMs and demonstrate their viability for heat dissipation in integrated circuits (ICs) and high‐power electronic devices.
Manipulated Reaction Route for Oxyhydroxides toward Top‐Performing Water Oxidation via eg Electron Filling State
Authors: Yao Na , Luo Na , Jiang Shan , Cai Ao , Pi Wei , Wang Xing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity on transition metal (TM) catalysts is governed by OER mechanism, yet discovering a controllable parameter to custom‐tailor OER mechanism remains a challenge. Here, the study highlights an eg electron‐filling state in octahedral TM‐catalysts, achieved by the modulation of splitting energy (Δ) via different anions (R) (Cl−, PO43−, NO3−, F−, SO42−, CO32−). The eg‐ electron filling state customization predominantly arises from the adjustment of Co‐dz2 orbital energy, which can tailor the bandgap between Co‐dz2 and O‐p orbits (Δεd‐p), thus customizing lattice‐oxygen (OL) activities and the OER mechanism. Combining the experimental measurements with DFT calculations, it is concluded that increased eg electron in TM‐catalysts brings decreased Δεd‐p, which can manageably strengthen lattice‐oxygen reactivity. Consequently, the OER mechanism on TM catalyst is transformed from adsorbate precipitation mechanism (AEM) to lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism (LOM) and customized OER pathways with different lattice‐oxygen activities. The screened PO43‐_TM, with the optimal OL activity in LOM path, possesses excellent activity and stability, achieving a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at 236 mV overpotential and maintaining stable operation for 300 h with inapparent degradation at 10 mA cm−2.