bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Providing Care to Southeast Asian Immigrants with Cardiometabolic Syndrome: A Scoping Review
Authors: Gargya Diane , Nguyen Kathy , Stupans Ieva , Thrimawithana Thilini , Chan Vincent , Livesay Karen , de Courten Barbora , Lim Chiao Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objective
There is a growing emphasis on healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) role in managing cardiometabolic risk factors to reduce health disparity for immigrants in developed countries. This scoping review aimed to analyse evidence about HCPs’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of managing cardiometabolic risk factors among Southeast Asian (SEA) immigrants in developed countries.

Design
Primary studies from inception to July 17, 2023, from four databases: PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were included. This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology and reported in line with PRISMA-ScR.

Results
Of 619 identified studies, seven met the inclusion criteria. All studies discussed HCPs’ knowledge, six explored attitudes, and three described practices specific to SEA immigrants. The extracted data were analysed using descriptive qualitative content analysis and classified into barriers and facilitators. Barriers included cultural discordance and acculturation challenges (patient level); gaps in cultural understanding, communication and clinical skills (healthcare team level); limited immigrant-specific resources (organisation level); and funding constraints (environment level). Facilitators included community and provider support (patient level), awareness and desires to provide immigrant-specific care (healthcare team level), availability of culturally appropriate services (organisation level), and multicultural agendas and policies (environment level).

Conclusion
The barriers and facilitators faced by HCPs caring for SEA immigrants with cardiometabolic syndromes share similarities with other immigrant groups. Future research focused on co-production involving immigrant patients, their communities, and HCPs in healthcare service design is required to support HCPs in providing culturally appropriate care and promoting health equity regardless of ethnic, cultural, or linguistic backgrounds.
Ogden R. Lindsley: I Followed the Idea of the Missoula Smokejumpers
Authors: Heward William L. , Eshleman John W. , Kimball Jonathan W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn 1990, Ogden R. Lindsley served as guest faculty for Ohio State University’s Teleconference on applied behavior analysis. He captivated students and faculty with tales of his personal journey from experiences during World War II to studying under B. F. Skinner, and his development of precision teaching (PT) to preserve rate of response measurement in educational applications. Derived from an audio cassette recording of that seminar session, this article captures highlights of those stories and Dr. Lindsley’s discussion of topics ranging from his opinion of the open classroom movement to critiques of Sesame Street and errorless learning.
Weather window analysis for the deployment, operation, and maintenance of marine renewable energy devices in Irish coastal waters
Authors: Moore Dylan , Eftekhari Alireza , Nash Stephen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents a detailed analysis of weather window accessibility for marine renewable energy (MRE) sites along Ireland's coast, utilizing a robust 12 year met-ocean dataset. The research focuses on key test sites—the atlantic marine energy test site (AMETS), the galway bay test site (GBTS), and the Westwave Demonstration Site—and expands to a broader spatial analysis of Irish coastal waters. By integrating significant wave height and wind data, the study evaluates site accessibility, emphasizing the paramount role of wave height in determining access. Findings reveal substantial spatial variability in accessibility, with high-resource areas like AMETS facing greater access challenges due to harsher conditions, as opposed to the more accessible GBTS. The study underscores the need for a nuanced, region-specific approach to MRE development in Ireland, highlighting how strategic planning and technological advancements are crucial in exploiting the country's significant MRE potential. The results also stress the importance of long-term data for accurate environmental variability assessment, offering vital insights for future MRE site viability and strategy development.
Review on Methods for Assessing and Predicting Leaching of PFAS from Solid Matrices
Authors: Navarro Divina A. , Kabiri Shervin S. , Bowles Karl , Knight Emma R. , Braeunig Jennifer , Srivastava Prashant , Boxall Naomi J. , Douglas Grant , Mueller Jochen , McLaughlin Mike J. , Williams Mike , Kookana Rai S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are prevalent environmental contaminants detected in materials such as soils, biosolids, and wastes. Understanding PFAS leaching is crucial for assessing risks associated with leaving impacted material in place, reuse, or disposal. However, there is limited guidance on laboratory methods to measure extent and rate of leaching. This review aims to identify the best methods for assessing PFAS leaching that are reflective of relevant release scenarios.

Recent Findings
Various methods have been applied to assess PFAS leaching from contaminated materials. The most common are batch leaching methods that simulate particular conditions (e.g. rainfall, landfill), with the intention of providing conservative estimates (worst-case scenarios) of cumulative PFAS release over time. Columns, static leaching, and rainfall simulators are also used to simulate less aggressive field-like conditions. While less common, pan and suction lysimeters have been used to measure PFAS leaching in situ. Most methods use saturated conditions that do not account for the possible influence of air–water interface accumulation and wetting–drying cycles on leaching. A notable gap is the scarcity of data benchmarking laboratory-leached concentrations with real-world PFAS concentrations. Establishing this relationship is crucial for reliable laboratory protocols.

Summary
This article reviews methods for estimating leaching of PFAS from contaminated materials. Given the variety of methods, selecting those that best simulate assessment objectives is essential. Specific scenarios requiring PFAS leaching assessment, such as leaving materials in place, reuse, and disposal, are discussed. The knowledge gaps presented could be used to improve existing leaching methods for better predictions and understanding of PFAS leachability.

Graphical Abstract
An improved digital soil mapping approach to predict total N by combining machine learning algorithms and open environmental data
Authors: Auzzas Alessandro , Capra Gian Franco , Jani Arun Dilipkumar , Ganga Antonio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDigital Soil Mapping (DSM) is fundamental for soil monitoring, as it is limited and strategic for human activities. The availability of high temporal and spatial resolution data and robust algorithms is essential to map and predict soil properties and characteristics with adequate accuracy, especially at a time when the scientific community, legislators and land managers are increasingly interested in the protection and rational management of soil.Proximity and remote sensing, efficient data sampling and open public environmental data allow the use of innovative tools to create spatial databases and digital soil maps with high spatial and temporal accuracy. Applying machine learning (ML) to soil data prediction can improve the accuracy of maps, especially at scales where geostatistics may be inefficient. The aim of this research was to map the nitrogen (N) levels in the soils of the Nurra sub-region (north-western Sardinia, Italy), testing the performance of the Ranger, Random Forest Regression (RFR) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models, using only open source and open access data. According to the literature, the models include soil chemical-physical characteristics, environmental and topographic parameters as independent variables. Our results showed that predictive models are reliable tools for mapping N in soils, with an accuracy in line with the literature. The average accuracy of the models is high (R2 = 0.76) and the highest accuracy in predicting N content in surface horizons was obtained with RFR (R2 = 0.79; RMSE = 0.32; MAE = 0.18). Among the predictors, SOM has the highest importance. Our results show that predictive models are reliable tools in mapping N in soils, with an accuracy in line with the literature. The results obtained could encourage the integration of this type of approach in the policy and decision-making process carried out at regional scale for land management.
Board Responsibility for Irresponsibility: The Link Between Board Structure and Corporate Scandals
Authors: Dorfleitner Gregor , Kreuzer Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBased on an international data set that comprises over 6,100 companies located in 44 countries in the years 2002–2018, this paper analyzes the relation between corporate scandals and board structures besides further firm-related, political, nation-level economic, and cultural variables. We identify board structure variables that are positively associated with a firm’s corporate scandals, namely high CSR efforts and busy board members. There are also variables that are negatively associated with this kind of behavior, namely qualified and skilled boards. No clear evidence can be determined from a board’s gender diversity, independent board members, and board size.
On the influence of parents and peers on occupational aspirations in Germany under special regard of secondary school track interactions
Authors: Bittmann Felix 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInternational research has established that significant others, such as parents and peers, can influence a student’s educational or occupational aspirations. However, this research also reveals that influences differ by educational system, and the effects of peers are strongest in systems with low levels of stratification. For a long time, it was assumed that these effects were weaker in highly stratified systems, such as in Germany. However, our results using large-scale data (N > 11,000) indicate that the situation is more complex and parents and peers have different influences, depending on the secondary school track a student attends. Occupational aspirations are lower, on average, in non-academic tracks yet more diverse than in the academic track. Parents strongly influence students’ occupational aspirations in the academic track, while peers are more relevant in non-academic tracks, where no parental effects are detectable. These results suggest that the influence of significant others is not uniform but rather complex as school track interactions are present. Reporting uniform effects in systems with strong tracking is problematic and needs to be reconsidered.
‘It wasn’t me’: the impact of social responsibility and social dominance attitudes on AI programmers’ moral imagination (intention to correct bias)
Authors: Román Almánzar Arlette Danielle , Grüning David Joachim , Edinger-Schons Laura Marie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA plethora of research has shed light on AI’s perpetuation of biases, and the primary focus has been on technological fixes or biased data. However, there is deafening silence regarding the key role of programmers in mitigating bias in AI. A significant gap exists in the understanding of how a programmer’s personal characteristics may influence their professional design choices. This study addresses this gap by exploring the link between programmers’ sense of social responsibility and their moral imagination in AI, i.e., intentions to correct bias in AI, particularly against marginalized populations. Furthermore, it is unexplored how a programmer’s preference for hierarchy between groups, social dominance orientation-egalitarianism (SDO-E), influences this relationship. We conducted a between-subject online experiment with 263 programmers based in the United States. They were randomly assigned to conditions that mimic narratives about agency reflected in technology determinism (low responsibility) and technology instrumentalism (high responsibility). The findings reveal that high social responsibility significantly boosts programmers’ moral imagination concerning their intentions to correct bias in AI, and it is especially effective for high SDO-E programmers. In contrast, low SDO-E programmers exhibit consistently high levels of moral imagination in AI, regardless of the condition, as they are highly empathetic, allowing the perspective-taking needed for moral imagination, and are naturally motivated to equalize groups. This study underscores the need to cultivate social responsibility among programmers to enhance fairness and ethics in the development of artificial intelligence. The findings have important theoretical and practical implications for AI ethics, algorithmic fairness, etc.
Yarning and knitting words: a cross-cultural thought experiment on writing beyond school
Authors: McKnight Lucinda , Yunkaporta Tyson 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article provides an account of a yarn between a First Nations Australian researcher and an Anglo-Celtic Australian researcher about the future of writing curriculum in subject English education, if school in its current settler-colonial form were to be abolished and completely re-imagined. Yarning is an Indigenous research method evolving from Indigenous cultures and ways of knowing; it is a form of knowledge production. The original yarn, on which this further creative dialogue is based, takes the form of a recorded podcast conversation between the authors, who are academic colleagues at the same university and former English teachers. The research focus of the conversation was what a post-Treaty, post-school writing education might be. However, rather than providing ready answers, our relational thinking foregrounds the challenges in asking this question, and in non-Indigenous Australians expecting Indigenous Australians to provide fixes for the problems engendered by the ongoing injustices of colonisation.
The Influence of Stratospheric Hydration From the Hunga Eruption on Chemical Processing in the 2023 Antarctic Vortex
Authors: Santee M. L. , Manney G. L. , Lambert A. , Millán L. F. , Livesey N. J. , Pitts M. C. , Froidevaux L. , Read W. G. , Fuller R. A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe use measurements of trace gases from the Microwave Limb Sounder and polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) from the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization to investigate how the extraordinary stratospheric water vapor enhancement from the 2022 Hunga eruption affected polar processing during the 2023 Antarctic winter. Although the dynamical characteristics of the vortex itself were generally unexceptional, the excess moisture initially raised PSC formation threshold temperatures above typical values. Cold conditions, especially in early July, prompted ice PSC formation and unusually severe irreversible dehydration at higher levels (500–700 K), while atypical hydration occurred at lower levels (380–460 K). Heterogeneous chemical processing was more extensive, both vertically (up to 750–800 K) and temporally (earlier in the season), than in prior Antarctic winters. The resultant HCl depletion and ClO enhancement redefined their previously observed ranges at and above 600 K. Albeit unmatched in the satellite record, the early‐winter upper‐level chlorine activation was insufficient to induce substantial ozone loss. Chlorine activation, denitrification, and dehydration processes ran to completion by July/August, with trace gas evolution mostly following the climatological mean thereafter, but with chlorine deactivation starting slightly later than usual. While cumulative ozone losses at 410–550 K were relatively large, probably because of the delayed chlorine deactivation, they were not unprecedented. Thus, ozone depletion was unremarkable throughout the lower stratosphere. Although Hunga enhanced PSC formation and chemical processing in early winter, saturation of lower stratospheric denitrification, dehydration, and chlorine activation (as is typical in the Antarctic) prevented an exceptionally severe ozone hole in 2023.
Mapping Irrigation Methods in the Northwestern US Using Deep Learning Classification
Authors: Nouwakpo S. K. , Bjorneberg D. , McGwire K. , Hoque O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany agricultural areas of the western United States and other parts of the world practice irrigation using a variety of irrigation methods. Maps of irrigation methods are needed but existing technologies are often unable to distinguish between different irrigation methods when they co‐exist on the same landscape. In this study, we develop a deep learning irrigation methods mapping tool for broad scale application. The technique uses a U‐Net model trained on Landsat 5‐ and 8‐derived input images. Training data consisted in irrigation method classified as Flood, Sprinkler or Other on agricultural fields from the Utah Water Related Land Use data set and additional labeling in selected areas of southern Idaho. An ensemble of 10 trained models had an overall accuracy of 0.78. Precision for Flood, Sprinkler and Other were 0.73, 0.82, and 0.80 while recall values were 0.75, 0.74, and 0.84 respectively. Model performance was generally stable throughout the training years but varied by areas. The best performance was obtained in regions with uniform irrigation method across large patches while small fields of contrasting irrigation method with their surroundings were inadequately predicted. Model prediction in an irrigated watershed of southern Idaho for 2006, 2011, 2013, and 2016 were consistent with previously published survey data. This methodology provides a tool for water resource managers to estimate irrigation methods in agricultural watersheds where natural precipitation is low during the growing season and irrigation methods include center pivots, wheel lines and flood irrigation.
Declining Reservoir Reliability and Increasing Reservoir Vulnerability: Long‐Term Observations Reveal Longer and More Severe Periods of Low Reservoir Storage for Major United States Reservoirs
Authors: Simeone Caelan E. , Hammond John C. , Archfield Stacey A. , Broman Dan , Condon Laura E. , Eldardiry Hisham , Olson Carolyn G. , Steyaert Jen C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrological drought is a pervasive and reoccurring challenge in managing water resources. Reservoirs are critical for lessening the impacts of drought on water available for many uses. We use a novel and generalized approach to identify periods of unusually low reservoir storage—via comparisons to operational rule curves and historical patterns—to investigate how droughts affect storage in 250 reservoirs across the conterminous U.S. (CONUS). We find that the maximum amount of water stored in reservoirs is decreasing, and that periods of unusually low storage are becoming longer, more severe, and more variable in (a) western and central CONUS reservoirs, and (b) reservoirs with primarily over‐year storage. Results suggest that reservoir storage has become less reliable and more vulnerable to larger deviations from desired storage patterns. These changes have coincided with ongoing shifts to the hydroclimate of CONUS, and with sedimentation further reducing available reservoir storage.
Projected Poleward Migration of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Genesis
Authors: Jian Danlei , Zhao Haikun , Klotzbach Philip J. , Raga Graciela B. , Gao Jun , Cao Jian , Wang Chao , Ma Zhanhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe recently‐observed poleward shift in western North Pacific tropical cyclone (TC) genesis has increased the TC threat to East Asia. We find that the poleward shift of TC genesis since 1979 is linked to mega‐ENSO. A downscaling analysis of TC genesis latitude given the constraint of mega‐ENSO using 30 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) show a continued increasing poleward shift with additional warming. We use the dynamic genesis potential index as a TC proxy in future CMIP6 simulations. These simulations show enhanced TC formation in the subtropics and decreased TC formation in the tropics. Modeled TCs in CMIP6 high‐resolution models that well represent mega‐ENSO project future poleward shifts in TC genesis. Both observations and simulations show that extra‐tropical North Pacific sea surface temperature warming associated with mega‐ENSO are the primary driver of the TC genesis poleward shift. Our study provides new insights into climate change‐driven TC migration.
The Coldest and Densest Overflow Branch Into the North Atlantic is Stable in Transport, But Warming
Authors: Larsen Karin Margretha Húsgarð , Hansen Bogi , Hátún Hjálmar , Johansen Guðrið Eriksdóttir , Østerhus Svein , Olsen Steffen Malskær 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe overflow of cold water through the Faroe Bank Channel (FBC) is the densest water crossing the Greenland‐Scotland Ridge and the densest source for the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Here, we show that the overflow volume transport remained stable from 1996 to 2022, but that the bottom water warmed at an average rate of 0.1°C per decade, mainly caused by warming of deep waters upstream. The salinity of the overflow water has increased as a lagged and reduced response to the salinity increase seen in the upper‐layer source waters. Therefore, the potential density of the bottom water over the FBC sill shows no statistically significant trend. After entrainment of warmer ambient waters downstream of the FBC, the nonlinear density dependence upon temperature implies, however, that the overflow contributed water of reduced density to the local overturning and the deep limb of the AMOC.
Cloud Radiative Effects Slow Sea Ice Changes During Summer Arctic Dipole Anomaly
Authors: Zhang Haotian , Zhao Chuanfeng , Xia Yan , Chen Annan , Yang Yikun , Yang Jie , Zhao Xin , Chi Yulei , Xu Hongtao , Zhong Shouyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver the past 30 years, the Arctic Dipole Anomaly (DA) has repeatedly led to record lows in summer sea ice extent, with cloud radiative effects (CRE) playing a crucial regulatory role. Here, we reveal the CRE variations between positive and negative DA events and elucidate the slowing impacts of CRE on sea ice thickness (SIT) changes. The DA triggers robust meridional winds and transpolar drift, markedly reducing SIT in the Beaufort Sea (BeS), Chukchi Sea (CS), and East Siberian Sea (ESS), while increasing it in the Greenland Sea (GS). CRE significantly slow SIT changes, contributing +14.4, +4.4, +16.4, and −26.7 cm to changes from June to August, against total changes of −55.9, −29.4, −39.8, and +42.8 cm in September over BeS, CS, ESS, and GS, respectively. This study underscores the key impacts of CRE on sea ice variation, emphasizing their significance in the polar climate system.