bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic duodenal‐jejunal bypass liner treatment of moderate obstructive sleep apnoea—A pilot study
Authors: Yadagiri Mahender , Kinney Fiona Y. , Ashman Natalie , Bleasdale John P. , Fogden Edward N. , Anderson Mark R. , Walton Christopher , Greenstone Michael A. , Ryder Robert E. J. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryWe aimed to assess the extent to which people with type 2 diabetes or pre‐diabetes, obesity (BMI 30–45 kg/m2) and moderate obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) requiring continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (CPAP) were able to discontinue CPAP following EndoBarrier‐related weight loss. We assessed sleep and metabolic parameters before, during and after EndoBarrier in 12 participants with moderate OSA requiring CPAP (75% female, 8/12 [66%] type 2 diabetes, 4/12 [34%] prediabetes, mean ± SD age 52.6 ± 9.7 years, BMI 37.4 ± 3.5 kg/m2, median duration of OSA while on CPAP 9.0 [7.0–15.0] months). With EndoBarrier in‐situ, mean ± SD Apnoea Hypopnoea Index (AHI) fell by 9.1 ± 5.0 events/h from 18.9 ± 3.8 to 9.7 ± 3.0 events/h (p < .001) with an associated reduction in symptoms of daytime sleepiness (mean Epworth Sleepiness Score) such that all the 12 participants no longer required CPAP according to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence criteria. After EndoBarrier removal, 10/12 (83%) patients attended follow‐up and at 12 months after removal, AHI remained below 15 in 5/10 (50%) patients but in other five the AHI rose above 15 such that restarting CPAP was recommended as justified by their symptoms. Rather than restart CPAP, two patients lost the regained weight and their AHI dropped below 15 again. Thus, 7/10 (70%) of patients were able to remain off CPAP 12 or more months after EndoBarrier removal. These results demonstrate major benefit of EndoBarrier in moderate OSA, allowing all patients to discontinue CPAP during treatment, and with maintenance of improvement at follow‐up in 70%. They confirm previously demonstrated metabolic improvements in diabetes and obesity.
FOXA2 Activates RND1 to Regulate Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Pathway and Suppress Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Yafu , Chen Huiguo , Yan Jianhua , Yao Qi , Kong Chunchu , Peng You , Xiao Shengying , Yang Jinsong 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe primary cause of cancer‐related fatalities globally is lung cancer. Although the chemotherapy drug cisplatin (DDP) has brought certain benefits to patients, the rapid development of drug resistance has greatly hindered treatment success.MethodsWe used the lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) mRNA data set to explore the differentially expressed gene (RND1) in LUSC and detected RND1 expression in LUSC cells and DDP‐resistant cells by qRT‐PCR. Meanwhile, we performed abnormal expression treatment on RND1 and conducted CCK8, colony formation, and flow cytometry to evaluate the impact of RND1 expression on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DDP resistance. In addition, we analyzed metabolism pathways involving RND1 using GSEA. We also used online tools such as hTFtarget and JASPAR to screen for the upstream transcription factor FOXA2 of RND1 and verified their relationship through CHIP and dual luciferase experiments. Finally, we validated the role of FOXA2‐RND1 in DDP resistance in LUSC through the above experiments.ResultsRND1 was downregulated in LUSC, and overexpression of RND1 repressed proliferation and DDP resistance of LUSC cells and facilitated cell apoptosis. RND1 modulated the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism pathway, and FOXA2 positively manipulated RND1 expression. By activating FOXA2, stabilizing RND1, and regulating AA levels, the sensitivity of LUSC cells to DDP could be enhanced.ConclusionOur study suggested that FOXA2 positively modulated the RND1‐AA pathway, which repressed the resistance of LUSC cells to DDP.
The role of formal schooling in the development of children's reading and arithmetic white matter networks
Authors: Vandecruys Floor , Vandermosten Maaike , De Smedt Bert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChildren's white matter development is driven by experience, yet it remains poorly understood how it is shaped by attending formal education. A small number of studies compared children before and after the start of formal schooling to understand this, yet they do not allow to separate maturational effects from schooling‐related effects. A clever way to (quasi‐)experimentally address this issue is the longitudinal school cut‐off design, which compares children who are similar in age but differ in schooling (because they are born right before or after the cut‐off date for school entry). We used for the first time such a longitudinal school cut‐off design to experimentally investigate the effect of schooling on children's white matter networks. We compared “young” first graders (schooling group, n = 34; Mage = 68 months; 20 girls) and “old” preschoolers (non‐schooling group, n = 33; Mage = 66 months; 18 girls) that were similar in age but differed in the amount of formal instruction they received. Our study revealed that changes in fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity in five a priori selected white matter tracts during the transition from preschool to primary school were predominantly driven by age‐related maturation. We did not find specific schooling effects on white matter, despite their strong presence for early reading and early arithmetic skills. The present study is the first to disentangle the effects of age‐related maturation and schooling on white matter within a longitudinal cohort of 5‐year‐old preschoolers.Research Highlights
White matter tracts that have been associated with reading and arithmetic may be susceptible to experience‐dependent neuroplasticity when children learn to read and calculate.
This longitudinal study used the school cut‐off design to isolate schooling‐induced from coinciding maturational influences on children's white matter development.
White matter changes during the transition from preschool to primary school are predominantly driven by age‐related maturation and not by schooling effects.
Strong effects of schooling on behavior were shown for early reading and early arithmetic, but not for verbal ability and spatial ability.
When belief is “baptized” by doubt: Transitions from credulity to faith
Authors: Hansen Guillermo Cesar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBeginning with Luther's understanding of doubt using Genesis 3 as a template, the article explains how credulity differs from faith as the human mind interacts with shifting contexts and their doubts. In distinction from credulity, faith is an emergent phenomenon shaping personality and its social insertion. As faith mediates a compassionate orientation toward sufferers, it expresses the way in which the ultimate transcends into the penultimate or paramount reality dominated by the mechanisms of natural and social selection.
Protocol for the Australian Type 1 Diabetes National Screening Pilot: Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of three general population screening models in children
Authors: Bell Kirstine J. , Brodie Shannon , Couper Jennifer J. , Colman Peter , Davis Elizabeth , Deed Gary , Hagopian William , Haynes Aveni , Hendrieckx Christel , Henry Amanda , Gordon Adrienne , Howard Kirsten , Huynh Tony , Kerr Bernadette , Mikler Kara , Nassar Natasha , Norris Sarah , Oram Richard , Pawlak Dorota , Shand Antonia , Sinnott Richard O. , Wadling Bethany , Wentworth John M. , Craig Maria E. ,   the Type 1 Diabetes National Screening Pilot Study Group
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimOne third of Australian children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes present with life‐threatening diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis. Screening for early‐stage, presymptomatic type 1 diabetes, with ongoing follow‐up, can substantially reduce this risk (<5% risk). Several screening models are being trialled internationally, without consensus on the optimal approach. This pilot study aims to assess three models for a routine, population‐wide screening programme in Australia.MethodsAn implementation science‐guided pilot study to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and costs of three screening models in children will be conducted between July 2022 and June 2024. These models are as follows: (1) Genetic risk‐stratified screening using newborn heel prick dried bloodspots, followed by autoantibody testing from 11 months of age; (2) genetic risk‐stratified screening of infant (6–12 months) saliva followed by autoantibody testing from 10 months of age; and (3) autoantibody screening using capillary dried bloodspots collected from children aged 2, 6 or 10 years. Cohorts for each model will be recruited from targeted geographic areas across Australia involving ≥2 states per cohort, with a recruitment target of up to 3000 children per cohort (total up to 9000 children). The primary outcome is screening uptake for each cohort. Secondary outcomes include programme feasibility, costs, parental anxiety, risk perception, satisfaction, well‐being and quality of life, and health professional attitudes and satisfaction.ConclusionsThis pilot is the first direct comparison of three screening implementation models for general population screening. Findings will provide evidence to inform a potential national screening programme for Australian children.Trial RegistrationACTRN12622000381785.
Venetoclax‐based non‐intensive induction followed by allogenic stem‐cell transplantation in elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients with adverse cytogenetics
Authors: Soua Amel , Gilhodes Julia , Iat Alexandre , Hicheri Yosr , Saillard Colombe , Rouzaud Camille , D'Incan Evelyne , Rey Jérôme , Mohty Bilal , Charbonnier Aude , Ittel Antoine , Alary Anne‐Sophie , Gelsi‐Boyer Véronique , Murati Anne , Lhoumeau Anne‐Catherine , Devillier Raynier , Boher Jean‐Marie , Mozziconacci Marie‐Joelle , Vey Norbert , Hospital Marie‐Anne , Garciaz Sylvain 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionElderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with poor‐risk cytogenetics have a poor outcome with intensive chemotherapy (IC). While Venetoclax (VEN) has changed the outcomes of elderly unfit patients treatment, it is unknown whether it could be effective in poor‐risk cytogenetics 60–75 years old patients.Materials and MethodsWe included 60–75‐year‐old AML patients eligible to allogenic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) treated with VEN (combined with azacitidine or with Cladribin and Aracytine) at Institut Paoli Calmettes, between 2020 and 2023 and compared this cohort with patients treated by IC between 2010 and 2019.ResultsTwenty six patients were treated with VEN (17 in combination with azacitidine and 9 with Cladribin and Aracytine) and 90 were treated with IC. Thirteen patients (50%) had a TP53 mutation. The median time for leucocyte and platelet counts recovery was 26 days (range 0–103) and 26 days (range, 0–63). The median duration of the first hospitalization was 32 days (ranges, 7–79). The composite response rate was 69% (CR = 50%, CRi = 4%, MLFS = 15%). Allo‐SCT could be performed in 42% of cases. Median overall survival (OS) was 7.9 months (20.9 months in the group of patients who transitioned to allo‐SCT). We found no difference with the historical cohort of patients treated with IC except a trend toward less lower and upper tract gastro‐intestinal (GI) tract infections in the VEN group (respectively 8% vs 26%, p = .06; and 0% vs. 13% p = .06).ConclusionVEN‐based treatment was found to be effective in high risk AML can be considered as an alternative to IC in patients aged 60–75 with adverse cytogenetics.
Gaming lounges in India afford socially productive gambling: The moral economy and foundations of play in Udaipur, Rajasthan
Authors: Snodgrass Jeffrey G. , Lacy Michael G. , Polzer Evan , Upadhyay Chakrapani 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe use ethnographic observations, interviews, and surveys to illuminate video game‐related gambling in India, where players use as currency decorative in‐game weapon covers referred to as skins. We focus on gaming and gambling related to virtual items acquired in the popular shooter game Counter‐Strike: Global Offensive, and our study unfolds among young adults who play in face‐to‐face centers called gaming lounges or zones. We consider how networks of video game players, themselves influenced by familial and societal demands, form moral economies that regulate why video game items are exchanged and how they are evaluated. Further, we use moral foundations theory to clarify ethical plurality in these settings, with tensions between moral demands shaping how and whether skins exchanges are judged to be socially productive or harmful. We show how gaming lounge owners’ personal values, some religiously informed, render emerging adults who play in these settings less at risk of excessive gambling, which is not tolerated either within close‐knit gaming groups or broader society. Overall, our analysis points to the utility of bringing into dialogue moral economy and moral foundations perspectives to uncover the cultural meanings of linked gaming and gambling in this context.
Irisin promotes hair growth and hair cycle transition by activating the GSK‐3β/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Kim Yujin , Lee Jung Min , Jang You Na , Park A. Yeon , Kim Su‐Young , Kim Beom Joon , Lee Jung Ok 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHair loss affects men and women of all ages. Myokines, which are mainly secreted by skeletal muscles during exercise, have numerous health benefits. VEGF, IGF‐1, FGF and irisin are reprehensive myokines. Although VEGF, IGF‐1 and FGF are positively associated with hair growth, few studies have researched the effects of irisin on hair growth. Here, we investigated whether irisin promotes hair growth using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo patch assays, as well as mouse models. We show that irisin increases proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential in human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). Irisin activated the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway, thereby upregulating Wnt5a, Wnt10b and LEF‐1, which play an important role in hair growth. Moreover, irisin enhanced human hair shaft elongation. In vivo, patch assays revealed that irisin promotes the generation of new hair follicles, accelerates entry into the anagen phase, and significantly increases hair growth in C57BL/6 mice. However, XAV939, a Wnt/β‐catenin signalling inhibitor, suppressed the irisin‐mediated increase in hair shaft and hair growth. These results indicate that irisin increases hair growth via the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and highlight its therapeutic potential in hair loss treatment.
Lateral redox variability in ca. 1.9 Ga marine environments indicated by organic carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions
Authors: Motomura Kento , Bekker Andrey , Ikehara Minoru , Sano Takashi , Lin Ying , Kiyokawa Shoichi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe stepwise oxygenation of Earth's surficial environment is thought to have shaped the evolutionary history of life. Microfossil records and molecular clocks suggest eukaryotes appeared during the Paleoproterozoic, perhaps shortly after the Great Oxidation Episode at ca. 2.43 Ga. The mildly oxygenated atmosphere and surface oceans likely contributed to the early evolution of eukaryotes. However, the principal trigger for the eukaryote appearance and a potential factor for their delayed expansion (i.e., intermediate ocean redox conditions until the Neoproterozoic) remain poorly understood, largely owing to a lack of constraints on marine and terrestrial nutrient cycling. Here, we analyzed redox‐sensitive element contents and organic carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions of relatively low metamorphic‐grade (greenschist facies) black shales preserved in the Flin Flon Belt of central Canada to examine open‐marine redox conditions and biological activity around the ca. 1.9 Ga Flin Flon oceanic island arc. The black shale samples were collected from the Reed Lake area in the eastern part of the Flin Flon Belt, and the depositional site was likely distal from the Archean cratons. The black shales have low Al/Ti ratios and are slightly depleted in light rare‐earth elements relative to the post‐Archean average shale, which is consistent with a limited contribution from felsic igneous rocks in Archean upper continental crust. Redox conditions have likely varied between suboxic and euxinic at the depositional site of the studied section, as suggested by variable U/Al and Mo/Al ratios. Organic carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions of the black shales are approximately −23‰ and +13.7‰, respectively, and these values are systematically higher than those of broadly coeval continental margin deposits (approximately −30‰ for δ13Corg and +5‰ for δ15Nbulk). These elevated values are indicative of high productivity that led to enhanced denitrification (i.e., a high denitrification rate relative to nitrogen influx at the depositional site). Similar geochemical patterns have also been observed in the modern Peruvian oxygen minimum zone where dissolved nitrogen compounds are actively lost from the reservoir via denitrification and anammox, but the large nitrate reservoir of the deep ocean prevents exhaustion of the surface nitrate pool. Nitrogen must have been widely bioavailable in the ca. 1.9 Ga oceans, and its supply to upwelling zones must have supported habitable environments for eukaryotes, even in the middle of oceans around island arcs.
A leaf age‐dependent light use efficiency model for remote sensing the gross primary productivity seasonality over pantropical evergreen broadleaved forests
Authors: Tian Jie , Yang Xueqin , Yuan Wenping , Lin Shangrong , Han Liusheng , Zheng Yi , Xia Xiaosheng , Liu Liyang , Wang Mei , Zheng Wei , Fan Lei , Yan Kai , Chen Xiuzhi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTropical and subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests (TEFs) contribute more than one‐third of terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP). However, the continental‐scale leaf phenology‐photosynthesis nexus over TEFs is still poorly understood to date. This knowledge gap hinders most light use efficiency (LUE) models from accurately simulating the GPP seasonality in TEFs. Leaf age is the crucial plant trait to link the dynamics of leaf phenology with GPP seasonality. Thus, here we incorporated the seasonal leaf area index of different leaf age cohorts into a widely used LUE model (i.e., EC‐LUE) and proposed a novel leaf age‐dependent LUE model (denoted as LA‐LUE model). At the site level, the LA‐LUE model (average R2 = .59, average root‐mean‐square error [RMSE] = 1.23 gC m−2 day−1) performs better than the EC‐LUE model in simulating the GPP seasonality across the nine TEFs sites (average R2 = .18; average RMSE = 1.87 gC m−2 day−1). At the continental scale, the monthly GPP estimates from the LA‐LUE model are consistent with FLUXCOM GPP data (R2 = .80; average RMSE = 1.74 gC m−2 day−1), and satellite‐based GPP data retrieved from the global Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) based solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) product (GOSIF) (R2 = .64; average RMSE = 1.90 gC m−2 day−1) and the reconstructed TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument SIF dataset using machine learning algorithms (RTSIF) (R2 = .78; average RMSE = 1.88 gC m−2 day−1). Typically, the estimated monthly GPP not only successfully represents the unimodal GPP seasonality near the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, but also captures well the bimodal GPP seasonality near the Equator. Overall, this study for the first time integrates the leaf age information into the satellite‐based LUE model and provides a feasible implementation for mapping the continental‐scale GPP seasonality over the entire TEFs.
Essential oils mouthwash with or without alcohol in relation to effect on parameters of plaque and gingivitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van Swaaij B. W. M. , Van der Weijden G. A. , Smith R. J. , Timmerman M. F. , Slot D. E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe primary aim was to systematically assess the available literature on the effect of an essential oils mouthwash without alcohol (EOalc−) compared to an essential oils mouthwash with alcohol (EOalc+) on plaque scores and parameters of gingival health. The secondary aim was to evaluate user appreciation.Materials and MethodsThe MEDLINE‐PubMed and Cochrane‐CENTRAL databases were searched to identify eligible studies published up to and including March 2024. Papers comparing the effectiveness of EOalc− and EOalc+ were included. The quality was assessed. A descriptive analysis and a meta‐analysis were performed.ResultsAfter screening, seven papers were found to be eligible. The descriptive analysis demonstrates a significant difference in plaque scores in favour of EOalc+. This is confirmed by the meta‐analyses of plaque scores in non‐brushing and brushing studies (DiffM = 0.40; 95% CI [0.27; 0.53], p < 0.00001 and DiffM = 0.05; 95% CI [0.01; 0.10], p = 0.01, respectively). This finding is also supported by the sub‐analysis of brands. The meta‐analyses of bleeding and gingival scores in brushing studies did not show significant differences between products. For user appreciation, the difference found was for taste perception in favour of EOalc− (DiffM = 1.63; 95% CI [0.72; 2.55], p = 0.0004).ConclusionWhen an EO‐mouthwash is used in non‐brushing or brushing situations, with small to moderate certainty, EOalc− provided less effect regarding plaque control than EOalc+. For bleeding and gingival index there is weak certainty for no difference. In terms of the taste perception EOalc− seems more appreciated.
The use of 0.5% or 3% NaOCl for irrigation during root canal treatment results in similar clinical outcome: A 6‐year follow‐up of a quasi‐randomized clinical trial
Authors: Dahlstrand Rudin Arvid , Dahlstrand Rudin Agnes , Ulin Charlotte , Kvist Thomas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the 6‐year outcome of root canal treatment irrigated with 0.5% or 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).MethodologyThe baseline trial was designed as a quasi‐randomized clinical trial. Patients referred for root canal treatment to an endodontic specialist clinic were recruited to the study (n = 298). The concentration of NaOCl was allocated quasi‐randomized to 271 subjects (0.5% [n = 139], 3% [n = 132]). Bacterial sampling was performed immediately before root canal filling. Samples were cultured and evaluated as growth or no growth. Patients were invited to a clinical and radiological follow‐up >5 years postoperatively. The clinical outcome measurements were tooth survival, cumulative incidence of endodontic retreatments, patients' assessment of pain, clinical findings and radiological signs of apical periodontitis (AP).ResultsTooth survival was 85.6% in the 0.5% NaOCl group and 81.1% in the 3% NaOCl group (p = .45). There was no record of retreatment in 94.4% in the 0.5% NaOCl group and in 92.2% in the 3% NaOCl group (p = .76). The percentage of asymptomatic cases were 87.8% in the 0.5% group and 85.3% in the 3% NaOCl group (p = .81). Absence of clinical signs of AP was seen in 86.6% in the 0.5% NaOCl group and in 83.6% in the 3% NaOCl group (p = .80). Absence of radiological signs of AP was seen in 74.0% in the 0.5% NaOCl group and 64.1% in the 3% NaOCl group (p = .20). Subjects with positive culture before root filling reported subjective pain with a significantly higher frequency as compared to negative‐culture subjects (p = .014).ConclusionsThe use of 0.5% or 3% NaOCl for irrigation during root canal treatment resulted in similar clinical outcomes 5–7 years postoperatively. Persisting bacteria immediately before root filling may predict future episodes of subjective pain.