bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
I Collect Therefore I am—Autonoetic Consciousness and Hoarding in Asperger Syndrome
Authors: Skirrow Paul , Jackson Paul , Perry Ewan , Hare Dougal Julian 
Published: February 2014

A growing number of studies have highlighted impairments in the ability of individuals with autism spectrum disorders to recall specific, personally experienced material. These difficulties have been related to underlying problems with autonoetic consciousness, namely the subjective awareness of one's own existence in subjective time. The current paper describes the manifestation of these difficulties in three individuals diagnosed with Asperger syndrome. For the people described, lifelong collecting and hoarding behaviours appeared to serve the function of constituting and maintaining aspects of their sense of self, particularly the sense of continuity and agency over time. On the basis of this clinical information and previous research into self‐related processes in people with autism spectrum disorders, an initial model of collecting and hoarding behaviours amongst individuals with Asperger syndrome was formulated. The implications of this formulation for both clinical practice and future research are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

People with Asperger syndrome can have problems in developing a functional sense of self.
Collecting and hoarding behaviour by people with Asperger syndrome may reflect such underlying difficulties in their sense of self rather than being symptoms of comorbid mental illness.
Interventions need to take account of the function of such behaviours rather than solely regarding them as discrete pathological signs.
Fischer–Tropsch Reaction on a Thermally Conductive and Reusable Silicon Carbide Support
Authors: Liu Yuefeng , Ersen Ovidiu , Meny Christian , Luck Francis , Pham‐Huu Cuong 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe Fischer–Tropsch (FT) process, in which synthesis gas (syngas) derived from coal, natural gas, and biomass is converted into synthetic liquid fuels and chemicals, is a strongly exothermic reaction, and thus, a large amount of heat is generated during the reaction that could severely modify the overall selectivity of the process. In this Review, we report the advantages that can be offered by different thermally conductive supports, that is, carbon nanomaterials and silicon carbide, pure or doped with different promoters, for the development of more active and selective FT catalysts. This Review follows a discussion regarding the clear trend in the advantages and drawbacks of these systems in terms of energy efficiency and catalytic performance for this most‐demanded catalytic process. It is demonstrated that the use of a support with an appropriate pore size and thermal conductivity is an effective strategy to tune and improve the activity of the catalyst and to improve product selectivity in the FT process. The active phase and the recovery of the support, which also represents a main concern in terms of the large amount of FT catalyst used and the cost of the active cobalt phase, is also discussed within the framework of this Review. It is expected that a thermally conductive support such as β‐SiC will not only improve the development of the FT process, but that it will also be part of a new support for different catalytic processes for which high catalytic performance and selectivity are strongly needed.
Energy efficiency based on joint mobile node grouping and data packet fragmentation in short‐range communication system
Authors: Zhang Zufan , Yi Yinxue , Yang Jing 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARYEnergy efficiency is a key requirement for the design of short‐range network. In order to alleviate energy consumption constraint, a two‐layer short‐range communication architecture is proposed in this paper. We designed an energy‐efficient scheme on the basis of joint mobile nodes (MNs) grouping and data packet fragmentation, analyzed the energy efficiency corresponding to different packet length and group sizes, and established an appropriate energy consumption model. Simulation results show that when MNs of short‐range system are grouped by the proposed MN grouping algorithm and all nodes of each group are operating with the same size of data packet fragmentation, the short‐range communication system can provide significant energy savings. The results provide useful insights into the possible operation of the strategies and show that significant energy reductions are possible. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Filling the gap in functional trait databases: use of ecological hypotheses to replace missing data
Authors: Taugourdeau Simon , Villerd Jean , Plantureux Sylvain , Huguenin‐Elie Olivier , Amiaud Bernard 
Published: February 2014

AbstractFunctional trait databases are powerful tools in ecology, though most of them contain large amounts of missing values. The goal of this study was to test the effect of imputation methods on the evaluation of trait values at species level and on the subsequent calculation of functional diversity indices at community level using functional trait databases. Two simple imputation methods (average and median), two methods based on ecological hypotheses, and one multiple imputation method were tested using a large plant trait database, together with the influence of the percentage of missing data and differences between functional traits. At community level, the complete‐case approach and three functional diversity indices calculated from grassland plant communities were included. At the species level, one of the methods based on ecological hypothesis was for all traits more accurate than imputation with average or median values, but the multiple imputation method was superior for most of the traits. The method based on functional proximity between species was the best method for traits with an unbalanced distribution, while the method based on the existence of relationships between traits was the best for traits with a balanced distribution. The ranking of the grassland communities for their functional diversity indices was not robust with the complete‐case approach, even for low percentages of missing data. With the imputation methods based on ecological hypotheses, functional diversity indices could be computed with a maximum of 30% of missing data, without affecting the ranking between grassland communities. The multiple imputation method performed well, but not better than single imputation based on ecological hypothesis and adapted to the distribution of the trait values for the functional identity and range of the communities. Ecological studies using functional trait databases have to deal with missing data using imputation methods corresponding to their specific needs and making the most out of the information available in the databases. Within this framework, this study indicates the possibilities and limits of single imputation methods based on ecological hypothesis and concludes that they could be useful when studying the ranking of communities for their functional diversity indices.
The limited impact of vegetation on the water balance of mine waste cover systems in semi‐arid Australia
Authors: Arnold S. , Schneider A. , Doley D. , Baumgartl T. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn (semi‐)arid environments, mine waste cover systems aim to minimize drainage into underlying hazardous wastes by maximizing evaporation from soil and transpiration from vegetation. We estimated the evapotranspiration (ET) for an area occupied by characteristic semi‐arid native Australian plant species. Using an open top chamber, we measured diurnal and daily ET of two plant species – Senna artemisioides (silver cassia) and Sclerolaena birchii (galvanized burr) – after a simulated rainfall event, as well as evaporation (E) from bare soil. Both ET and E decreased with increasing time after initial watering. However, we observed different temporal patterns for daily ET and E, indicating that S. artemisioides and S. birchii are relatively intensive and extensive water exploiters, respectively. We found a strong positive linear relationship between ET or E and the atmospheric water demand represented by the vapour pressure deficit. This correlation was more pronounced in the morning than in the afternoon, indicating a diminishing water supply from the soil associated with a declining unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the afternoon. We used the estimated values of ET and E to project the effect of species composition on plot ET in relation to total vegetation coverage. Although both species survive and grow under the dry conditions at the study site, their influence on plot ET was rather small because of the low vegetation coverage. On this basis, we conclude that the relevance of plants on ET cover systems is small under such water‐limited conditions of semi‐arid and arid climates. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors with ultrasound and CT fusion imaging guidance
Authors: Xu Zuo‐Feng , Xie Xiao‐Yan , Kuang Ming , Liu Guang‐Jian , Chen Li‐Da , Zheng Yan‐Ling , Lu Ming‐De 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and utility of sonography (US) and CT fusion imaging guidance for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of malignant liver tumors not visualized on conventional US.MethodsSeventy‐seven patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 15 patients with metastatic liver cancer with a total of 136 lesions underwent RFA with US and CT fusion imaging guidance. The mean number of punctures, success rate of a single ablation session, local tumor progression rates, and long‐term outcome were evaluated. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by dynamic CT and contrast‐enhanced US 1 month after RFA.ResultsRFA was technically feasible in all patients, and no major complications occurred. The mean ± SD time needed to synchronize US and CT images was 13.9 ± 11.9 minutes (range, 5–55 minutes). The success rate of a single ablation session was 83.8% (114/136), and tumor residue was present in 7.4% of lesions (10/136). The mean number of treatment sessions was 1.2 ± 0.5 sessions. During follow‐up, local tumor progression was observed for 15 (11.9%) lesions. Distant tumor recurrence was found in 51 (55.4%) patients.ConclusionsUS and CT fusion‐assisted RFA is a safe and efficacious treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver cancer. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:321–330, 2014
Linear and Nonlinear Thinking: A Multidimensional Model and Measure
Authors: Groves Kevin S. , Vance Charles M. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBuilding upon previously developed and more general dual‐process models, this paper provides empirical support for a multidimensional thinking style construct comprised of linear thinking and multiple dimensions of nonlinear thinking. A self‐report assessment instrument (Linear/Nonlinear Thinking Style Profile;LNTSP) is presented and preliminarily tested across three studies with an overall sample of 778 respondents comprised of business students and managers. The results indicate that nonlinear thinking style consists of seven distinct, yet interrelated dimensions: intuition, creativity, values, imagination, flexibility, insights, and emotions. Convergent and discriminant validity estimates vis‐à‐vis a multidimensional creative thinking index and an emotional intelligence measure provide support for further development of the instrument. The implications of these results for future managerial cognition research are discussed, as well as potential practical applications of theLNTSPfor management education and business practice.
The Influence of Holidays on Wine Purchasing Behaviour: Marketing and Tourism Insights Based on a Holiday Experience in Greece
Authors: Alamanos Eleftherios , Kuznesof Sharron , Ritson Christopher 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis study explores the influence of holiday experience in a wine producing country on consumers' future wine purchasing intentions. Findings from eight focus groups with UK wine consumers who have holidayed in Greece suggest that the effect is greater on highly involved wine consumers and depends on their knowledge of wines from the country, specifically grape varieties, wine producing areas and territorial certifications. This post‐holiday effect facilitates regeneration of memories from holidays when back in the home country, which can also generate interest for wine from the holiday destination and facilitate development of alternative tourism activities such as wine tourism. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐resolved random laser spectroscopy of inhomogeneously broadened systems
Authors: Fernández Joaquín , García‐Revilla Sara , Carlos Luis D. , Pecoraro Edison , Arriandiaga María A. , Balda Rolindes 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe understanding of energy transfer processes in biological systems occurring among optical centres which exhibit inhomogeneously broadened spectral bands is of paramount importance to determine time constants and spatial distribution of energy flow. A new time resolved‐spectroscopy based on the random laser generation of the optical probes is reported. As an example, the excited state relaxation of Rhodamine B molecules in an organic‐inorganic hybrid material is investigated. This kind of spectroscopy may resolve not only the spectral features of the system but also provide a high speed picture of the energy transfer and excited state relaxation of the involved optical probes. The results could be applied to other kind of efficient interacting chromophore pairs embedded in inhomogeneous scattering structures such as biological tissues.
Graft Copolymers with Complex Polyether Structures: Poly(ethylene oxide)‐graft‐Poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) by Combination of Living Anionic and Photoinduced Cationic Graft Polymerization
Authors: Kahveci Muhammet U. , Mangold Christine , Frey Holger , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: February 2014

A novel polymerization mechanism transformation strategy, involving anionic ring‐opening polymerization and photoinduced cationic polymerization, is successfully applied for the synthesis of poly(ethylene oxide)‐graft‐poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) (PEO‐g‐PIBVE). First, poly(ethylene oxide‐co‐ethoxyl vinyl glycidyl ether) [P(EO‐co‐EVGE)] is synthesized by living anionic polymerization. The vinyl moieties of the functional PEO‐based polymer are converted to the hydrogen iodide adduct by photolysis of diphenyliodonium iodide, monitored using NMR spectroscopy. A modified mode of Lewis acid‐catalyzed living cationic polymerization is performed as a “grafting from” method to generate PIBVE segments grafted onto the PEO main chain. Both the intermediates and the final graft copolymers are characterized by gel‐permeation chromato­graphy (GPC) and 1H NMR analysis.
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Vastus lateralis exhibits non‐homogenous adaptation to resistance training
Authors: Wells Adam J. , Fukuda David H. , Hoffman Jay R. , Gonzalez Adam M. , Jajtner Adam R. , Townsend Jeremy R. , Mangine Gerald T. , Fragala Maren S. , Stout Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Variations in transverse point of measure on the vastus lateralis (VL) may significantly affect the relationship between structure and function. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in muscle architecture at 2 commonly used points of measure (VL0 and VL5). Methods: Maximal strength (1‐repetition maximum [1RM] barbell squat) and muscle architecture were assessed PRE and POST 15 weeks of periodized resistance training. VL0 was 50% of the straight line distance between the greater trochanter and lateral epicondyle of the femur. VL5 was 5cm medial to VL0. Results: Increases in 1RM strength (3.7 ± 2.4 kg; P = 0.004) were observed. Changes in muscle thickness (MT) at VL5 were significantly greater than at VL0 (P = 0.006). Changes in strength correlated with changes in muscle architecture at VL0 only (MT: r = 0.561; fascicle length: r = 0.503). Conclusions: Changes in muscle architecture appear to occur in a non‐homogeneous manner. Muscle Nerve 50: 785–793, 2014
Methodological gaps in the assessment of risk minimization interventions: a systematic review
Authors: Gridchyna Inna , Cloutier Anne‐Marie , Nkeng Lenhangmbong , Craig Camille , Frise Sarah , Moride Yola 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionSince the introduction of therapeutic risk management regulatory guidance, an increase in the number of risk minimization interventions (RMIs) published in the literature has been observed. Methods used to evaluate their effectiveness remain, however, poorly examined.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to conduct a literature review on the methods of evaluation of effectiveness of RMIs and to identify methodological gaps.MethodsThe search was conducted using MEDLINE and Embase between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2010, and updated on 1 April 2013. The following characteristics were extracted from each study: target population for the RMI, target population for the assessment of effectiveness, study design, data sources, and effectiveness outcome(s).ResultsA total of 188 unique RMIs were identified in the literature, of which effectiveness was evaluated in only 65 (34.6%) at the time of publication. The largest proportion of studies reviewed (n = 49, 75.4%) attempted to evaluate changes in behavior through prescribing or laboratory test practices. One quarter of studies evaluated the effect of RMIs on the occurrence of adverse events. Only a minority of studies used robust designs, such as randomized controlled trials (n = 6, 9.2%) or a quasi‐experimental design with a parallel comparison group (n = 8, 12.3%).ConclusionLack of robust methodological design used in published studies on RMI effectiveness evaluation is an important methodological gap in the evaluation of RMI effectiveness. © 2014 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activation of stable polymeric esters by using organo‐activated acyl transfer reactions
Authors: Kakuchi Ryohei , Wongsanoh Kwanjira , Hoven Voravee P. , Theato Patrick 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, we succeeded in the in situ activation of nonactivated ester moieties embedded in polymer structures. Although poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate) (PPFPMA) can react with 2‐ethylhexylamine at 50 °C in the presence of proton scavenger such as NEt3, such conditions were not suitable for poly(phenyl methacrylate) (PPhMA). Nevertheless, the combination of organo‐activating agents, namely 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) and 1,2,4‐triazole (TZ) led to a facile conversion from ester to amide for PPhMA. The reaction between PPhMA and 2‐ethylhexylamine was conducted at 120 °C in the presence of one equivalent of TZ and three equivalents of DBU and yielded >99% ester conversion to afford corresponding polymethacrylamide derivatives as confirmed by FT‐IR and 1H NMR measurements. In addition, poly(2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (PTFEMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were also allowed to react with amines in the presence of the organo‐activating agents with dramatically increased conversions (>70%). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 1353–1358
Syndiotactic polystyrene films with a cocrystalline phase including carvacrol guest molecules
Authors: Albunia Alexandra R. , Rizzo Paola , Ianniello Graziella , Rufolo Claudia , Guerra Gaetano 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTA monoclinic δ‐clathrate form of syndiotactic polystyrene (s‐PS) with carvacrol (a relevant natural phenolic antimicrobial) has been prepared and characterized by X‐ray diffraction. Very informative are Fourier transform infrared spectra, in particular their OH stretching region that shows a narrow peak and a broad band, corresponding to carvacrol molecules being isolated guest of the co‐crystalline phase or dissolved in the amorphous phase, respectively. Analogous spectral features allow discriminating, for many different s‐PS guests, between molecules being in crystalline or in amorphous phases. s‐PS co‐crystalline films with carvacrol molecules being prevailingly (more than 90%) guest of the co‐crystalline phase have been prepared, even for high carvacrol content (up to 10–11 wt %). The location of most antimicrobial molecules in the crystalline phase assures a decrease of desorption diffusivity of two to three orders and hence long‐term antimicrobial release. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 657–665
Quantum Chemistry Derived Criteria for Impact Sensitivity
Authors: Chen Zhao‐Xu , Xiao He‐Ming 
Published: February 2014

AbstractEnergetic materials are a special and important kind of substance. Impact sensitivity, which refers to the vulnerability to explosion under external stimuli, measures the safety and reliability of an energetic material and is a critical property. Various efforts have been made to rationalize the impact sensitivity of different types of energetic materials. Since a chemical explosion is a chemical reaction dominated phenomenon, a comprehensive understanding of such explosive processes requires detailed information of chemical bonding and molecular interaction. Quantum chemistry provides a modern theory of chemical bonding and computational quantum chemistry is a powerful tool to investigate chemical phenomena. Even at the very beginning of computational quantum chemistry, researchers in the field of energetic materials have begun to apply quantum chemistry to explosive properties. In this paper we review the quantum chemistry studies on impact sensitivity and examine various quantum chemistry derived parameters used to rationalize the impact sensitivity ordering of various energetic materials.
Stress and Recovery Responses during a 105‐day Ground‐based Space Simulation
Authors: Nicolas Michel , Gushin Vadim 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe present study analysed the time course of the psychological process of stress and recovery in six healthy male volunteers during the Mars 105 experimentation, a 105‐day ground‐based space analogue. The multidimensional assessment of stress and recovery responses showed that stress levels decreased significantly throughout the 105‐day isolated and confined extreme (ICE) experiment, especially on its social dimension. In line with previous studies, Fatigue showed a global and progressive reduction. The present results suggest that ICE exposure may not systematically induce stress overload and impaired psychological states. To optimize adaptation to ICE conditions, further improvements in positive psychological effects may be possible by improving the countermeasures, as well as the screening and selection of participants, in order to enhance coping capacities and to improve the balance of recovery–stress states. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The binding problem
Authors: Burwick Thomas 
Published: February 2014

The brain processes information in a distributed manner so that features of the sensory input are detected at different sites and subsets of these features are integrated into objects. The notion of ‘binding’ refers to the corresponding integration process, leading to perception of these objects as entities, and ‘the binding problem’ either refers to the scientific challenge of identifying mechanisms that may achieve binding or to the difficulty that mind and brain may have with binding in certain situations. This review concentrates on binding of properties in visual perception, but other varieties of the binding problem are also mentioned. The binding problem is reviewed from psychological, neurobiological, and computational perspectives.This article is categorized under:Psychology > Brain Function and DysfunctionNeuroscience > CognitionNeuroscience > Physiology