bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sellar and parasellar tumor removal without discontinuing antithrombotic therapy
Authors: Ogawa Yoshikazu , Tominaga Teiji 
Published: February 2015

OBJECT
Treatment with dual antiplatelet agents associated with coronary stenting procedures and long-term anticoagulant therapy is increasingly common, but the treatment carries risks during surgical procedures. Evidence-based recommendations have proposed discontinuation of antithrombotic treatment or introduction of bridging therapy in some procedures less invasive and with lower risk of bleeding. However, neurosurgical procedures without discontinuation of antithrombotic treatment and perioperative management have received little investigation.

METHODS
Between October 2008 and January 2014, 15 consecutive patients (11 males and 4 females; age range 51–75 years [mean 68.2 years]), with sellar and parasellar tumors were treated through the transsphenoidal approach without discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy. Clinical data were compared with another 15 patients, who underwent transsphenoidal surgeries without preoperative antithrombotic therapy.

RESULTS
Gross-total removal of the tumor or total aspiration of the content of Rathke's cleft cyst was achieved in 13 patients, and subtotal removal was achieved in 1 patient with a small remnant in the cavernous sinus. No difference was found in intraoperative bleeding between the antithrombotic agent group and the control group (mean 255 ml vs 215 ml, Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.547), and no patient required transfusion. No difference was found in operation time between the antithrombotic agent group and the control group (167.8 minutes vs 150.0 minutes, Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.262). All patients were discharged on postoperative Day 12 without neurological deficits.

CONCLUSIONS
The present study suggests that discontinuation of antithrombotic therapy may be unnecessary before the typical transsphenoidal surgery. Large randomized clinical trials at multiple centers are needed to confirm these findings.
Predisposing factors for dural tear in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery
Authors: Smorgick Yossi , Baker Kevin C. , Herkowitz Harry , Montgomery David , Badve Siddharth A. , Bachison Casey , Ericksen Steven , Fischgrund Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2015

OBJECT
The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to identify risk factors for incidental durotomies in lumbar spine surgery. The authors hypothesized that the incidence of durotomy would be higher in cases involving multiple operations.

METHODS
The authors prospectively evaluated 523 patients who underwent lumbar and thoracolumbar spine surgery. They compared data on patients in whom a dural tear occurred and those in whom a dural tear did not occur. Data from patients in whom a dural tear occurred were compared with data from patients who did not experience durotomy. The data included basic demographic information, intraoperative data, and clinical information from a medical record review.

RESULTS
One hundred thirty-one patients underwent discectomy and 392 patients underwent laminectomy. Among the 131 patients who underwent discectomy 6 patients had a dural tear. Among the 392 patients who underwent discectomy 49 patients had dural tear. Patients with incidental durotomy were older (mean 65 ± 13 vs 60 ± 14 years of age; p = 0.044, t-test), and had longer surgery (146 ± 59 vs 110 ± 54 minutes; p = 0.025, t-test), compared with the patients without dural tear. The incidence of dural tear was more common in patients with a history of previous spine surgery (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
In patients who underwent lumbar and thoracolumbar spine surgery for degenerative problems, previous surgery and older age were found to be predisposing factors for dural tear.
Creating visual aids with graphic organisers on an infinite canvas – the impact on the presenter
Authors: Casteleyn Jordi , Mottart Andre , Valcke Martin 
Published: February 2015

Instead of the traditional set of slides, the visual aids of a presentation can now be graphic organisers (concept maps, knowledge maps, mind maps) on an infinite canvas. Constructing graphic organisers has a beneficial impact on learning, but this topic has not been studied in the context of giving a presentation. The present study examined this issue by having 199 students prepare a presentation. The control sample created visual aids that are similar to a deck of slides with text and pictures. In the first experimental condition, graphic organisers were inserted in this deck of slides, and in the second experimental condition, visuals aids with interconnected graphic organisers were produced. There were no significant differences in self-reported self-efficacy related to giving a presentation and in motivational variables. To detect if the presentations met the principles set by the conditions, the participants’ products were coded qualitatively, but this analysis also yielded no differences in variables. Further research should therefore explore the interaction between software and presenter.Keywords: visual communication; teaching practices; presentation skills; self-efficacy; prezi(Published: 20 February 2015)Citation: Research in Learning Technology 2015, 23: 25161 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v23.25161
Modeling the interaction of cycles and growth in the fifties : two Schumpeterian attempts
Authors: Raybaut Alain 
Published: February 2015

La macrodynamique d’après-guerre, considère généralement les cycles et la croissance,comme deux phénomènes distincts, ce qui implique l’existence d’une dichotomie stricte entre les analyses des dynamiques de court et de long terme. Dans cet article nous mettons l’accent sur deux exceptions des années cinquante : la tentative singulière de A. Smithies et l’approche de Goodwin. Ces deux contributions se réfèrent explicitement à la conception schumpétérienne d’une dynamique unifiée en termes de croissance cyclique modélisée à partir des avancées de l’analyse macroéconomique d’après-guerre. Cependant, elles ne parviennent pas à dépasser les difficultés inhérentes à une analyse unifiée des cycles et de la croissance, soulignées notamment par Pasinetti. D’un côté, l’introduction d’effet de cliquet dans la fonction d’investissement ou de consommation ne suffit pas, contrairement aux affirmations de Smithies à produire une explication endogène des cycles et de la croissance. D’un autre côté, l’approche non linéaire prônée par Goodwin ouvre une perspective prometteuse, mais sa démarche visant à combiner macroéconomie keynésienne et points de vue schumpétériens reste encore embryonnaire.
Le projet de l'économie sociale et solidaire : fonder une économie acapitaliste
Authors: Draperi Jean-François , Cottin-Marx Simon , Hély Matthieu 
Published: February 2015

Un grand nombre d’associations font partie du secteur de l’« économie sociale et solidaire » (ESS) par leurs objectifs et par leurs modes d’organisation. Dans cet entretien, Jean-François Draperi, rédacteur en chef de la Revue internationale d’économie sociale (Recma) et directeur du Centre d’économie sociale travail et société au Cnam, propose de clarifier ce qu’est et n’est pas l’ESS, en regard notamment de l’organisation capitaliste et de l’entrepreneuriat social. Il voit dans les formats associatifs et coopératifs de l’ESS des outils majeurs de la démocratisation d’une économie affranchie du capitalisme.
Figures de l'employeur et formes du « dialogue social » dans les entreprises de l'ESS
Authors: Hély Matthieu , Rétif Sophie , Simonet Maud 
Published: February 2015

À partir d’une enquête réalisée auprès d’organisations de l’économie sociale et solidaire, les auteurs nous proposent de découvrir qui est l’employeur dans ces structures. Selon le secteur, ce sera le dirigeant bénévole ou le dirigeant salarié. Une typologie éclairante des différents types de rapports salariaux est présentée ; loin de l’utopie du « travailler autrement », cet article nous permet de comprendre ce qui se joue réellement, quand et comment les salariés participent, ou non, à la vie démocratique de la structure.
Des « démembrements » du droit d'auteur : de la théorie à la théorie, par le détour de la pratique
Authors: Siiriainen Fabrice 
Published: February 2015

Le dispositif légal français autorise théoriquement des « démembrements contractuels » du droit d’auteur, en nombre quasiment illimité. Cela pose des difficultés pratiques considérables. Tout se passe comme si le droit d’auteur pouvait se diviser, voire se démultiplier, au gré des modes d’exploitation, et même entre des propriétaires simultanés. La sécurité juridique est atteinte. Il est actuellement très difficile de donner une explication théorique cohérente à ce phénomène, qui serve de cadre et de limite aux pratiques existantes. Cela apparaît pourtant nécessaire.
Habitat Selection by the Endangered New Mexico Meadow Jumping Mouse on an Irrigated Floodplain
Authors: Wright Greg D. , Frey Jennifer K. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The New Mexico meadow jumping mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus is endemic to the American Southwest. It has undergone severe declines in distribution over the past century and it has been listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. The goal of this study was to determine current status and habitat selection by the New Mexico meadow jumping mouse at three spatial scales (landscape, macrohabitat, microhabitat) on a managed high-order floodplain. We hypothesized that the New Mexico meadow jumping mouse is a habitat specialist that might rely on specific habitat components at multiple spatial scales. The study occurred at Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico. In comparison with the status of the species 2 decades ago, the New Mexico meadow jumping mouse was rare, with only 29 individuals captured. Trapping results and radiotelemetry of 20 individuals revealed that the current population existed along 2.7 km of a single irrigation canal. At the landscape scale, the distribution of the New Mexico meadow jumping mouse was determined by selection of canals, water, foxtail barley Hordeum jubatum herbaceous temporarily flooded association, and narrowleaf willow Salix exigua mesic graminoids shrubland association. At the macrohabitat scale, jumping mice selected canals and Hordeum jubatum herbaceous temporarily flooded association. At the microhabitat scale, jumping mice selected areas that were near water and contained moist soils, dense herbaceous canopy cover, dogbane Apocynum cannabinum, foxtail barley, and common threesquare Schoenoplectus pungens; jumping mice avoided habitats represented by eight plant species, including mule-fat Baccharis salicifolia, kochia Bassia scoparia, and saltcedar Tamarix ramosissima. Jumping mice only occurred where there is an overlap of the required habitats at all three scales and this may be a key limiting factor for the New Mexico meadow jumping mice at Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge. Habitats used by jumping mice during maternal nesting and hibernation contained more woody plants and woody debris than at other times of their life cycle. Information gained from this study can help land managers protect and create habitat conditions required by the New Mexico meadow jumping mouse.
Movements of Radio-Marked California Ridgway's Rails During Monitoring Surveys: Implications for Population Monitoring
Authors: Bui Thuy-Vy D. , Takekawa John Y. , Overton Cory T. , Schultz Emily R. , Hull Joshua M. , Casazza Michael L. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The California Ridgway's rail Rallus obsoletus obsoletus (hereafter California rail) is a secretive marsh bird endemic to tidal marshes in the San Francisco Bay (hereafter bay) of California. The California rail has undergone significant range contraction and population declines due to a variety of factors, including predation and the degradation and loss of habitat. Call-count surveys, which include call playbacks, based on the standardized North American marsh bird monitoring protocol have been conducted throughout the bay since 2005 to monitor population size and distribution of the California rail. However, call-count surveys are difficult to evaluate for efficacy or accuracy. To measure the accuracy of call-count surveys and investigate whether radio-marked California rails moved in response to call-count surveys, we compared locations of radio-marked California rails collected at frequent intervals (15 min) to California rail detections recorded during call-count surveys conducted over the same time periods. Overall, 60% of radio-marked California rails within 200 m of observers were not detected during call-count surveys. Movements of radio-marked California rails showed no directional bias (P = 0.92) irrespective of whether or not playbacks of five marsh bird species (including the California rail) were broadcast from listening stations. Our findings suggest that playbacks of rail vocalizations do not consistently influence California rail movements during surveys. However, call-count surveys may underestimate California rail presence; therefore, caution should be used when relating raw numbers of call-count detections to population abundance.
Emissions Trading in the Presence of Price-Regulated Polluting Firms: How Costly Are Free Allowances?
Authors: Lanz Bruno , Rausch Sebastian 
Published: February 2015

We study whether to auction or to freely distribute emissions allowances when some firms participating in emissions trading are subject to price regulation. We show that free allowances allocated to price-regulated firms effectively act as a subsidy to output, distort consumer choices, and generally induce higher output and emissions by price-regulated firms. This provides a cost-effectiveness argument for an auction-based allocation of allowances (or equivalently an emissions tax). For real-world economies such as the Unites States, in which about 20 percent of total carbon dioxide emissions are generated by price-regulated electricity producers, our quantitative analysis suggests that free allowances increase economy-wide welfare costs of the policy by 40-80 percent relative to an auction. Given large disparities in regional welfare impacts, we show that the inefficiencies are mainly driven by the emissions intensity of electricity producers in regions with a high degree of price regulation.
Retirer à Pierrette pour donner à Alexandre ! Le développement de la formation générale des adultes au Québec
Authors: Doray Pierre , Bélanger Paul 
Published: February 2015

Cet article vise à mieux comprendre, sur le plan historique, le développement de l’éducation des adultes au Québec. Nous examinons un segment spécifique de l’éducation des adultes, la formation générale des adultes, qui est un dispositif éducatif spécifique de l’enseignement secondaire créé dans la foulée de la Révolution tranquille afin de favoriser les retours aux études des adultes, et de relever le niveau de qualification de base de la population adulte. Notre analyse est guidée par une question précise : sommes-nous devant une substitution de la mission éducative, au cours des dernières années, de la formation générale des adultes qui se consacrerait moins à l’éducation des adultes et davantage à la lutte contre le décrochage et à la diplomation des jeunes en difficulté dans les écoles secondaires dites classiques ?
Facteurs affectant la trajectoire scolaire des jeunes de 16-24 ans issus de l’immigration en formation générale des adultes
Authors: Potvin Maryse , Leclercq Jean-Baptiste 
Published: February 2015

Depuis quelques années, le nombre de jeunes de 16 à 24 ans issus de l’immigration est en croissance dans les centres d’éducation des adultes pour terminer leurs études secondaires en formation générale des adultes, principalement dans la région montréalaise. Cet article dresse un portrait très synthétique des trajectoires scolaires des jeunes de 16 à 24 ans issus de l’immigration dans ce secteur, et des principaux facteurs situationnels, dispositionnels et institutionnels qui les affectent, en ciblant particulièrement les pratiques institutionnelles. Les données présentées ici s’appuient sur des entrevues menées lors de deux terrains de recherche entre 2007 et 2012 : une première étude exploratoire auprès de 104 participants, puis une seconde étude auprès de 184 participants. Les résultats, résumés ici de manière transversale, synthétisent les regards croisés des différents agents et des jeunes dans tous les centres d’éducation des adultes et commissions scolaires sur ces facteurs. Ils dégagent aussi plusieurs pistes de réflexion et d’action pour les décideurs et les praticiens, notamment : 1) sur la faiblesse des services complémentaires et de soutien en francisation offerts aux jeunes qui se retrouvent à l’éducation des adultes, 2) sur les outils de classement et d’évaluation, 3) sur le maintien de ces apprenants jusqu’à 21 ans au secteur des jeunes, et 4) sur la transition et l’articulation des programmes et des services entre les deux secteurs.
Oblivion and the role of middle managers in an organizational change
Authors: Husser Jocelyn 
Published: February 2015

The hospital reforms of French health care institutions fall within the scope of the efficient management of the public sector. This paper seeks to describe the oblivion mechanism handled by middle management in an organizational change context through the theory of conventions. The design of the inquiry is based on longitudinal field research conducted over 6 months and is made up of 6 case studies. The results show that oblivion cannot be considered as an empty space to be filled, as suggested by former research. The memory lapse mechanism includes the following steps: reduction, assimilation and gradual integration.
Drug Prices After Patent Expirations in High-Income Countries and Implications for Cost-Effectiveness Analyses
Authors: Serra-Burriel Miquel , Martin-Bassols Nicolau , Perényi Gellért , Vokinger Kerstin N. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceUnderstanding how patent expirations affect drug prices is crucial because price changes directly inform accurate cost-effectiveness assessments. This study investigates the association between patent expirations and drug prices in 8 high-income countries and evaluates how the changes affect cost-effectiveness assessments.ObjectiveTo analyze how the expiration of drug patents is associated with drug price changes and to assess the implications of these price changes for cost-effectiveness evaluations.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study performed an event study design using data from 8 high-income countries to assess the association between patent expiration and drug prices, and created a simulation model to understand the implications for cost-effectiveness analyses. The simulation cost-effectiveness model analyzed the implications of including or ignoring postpatent price dynamics.ExposureDrug patent expiration.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChange in drug prices and differences in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios when considering vs ignoring postpatent price dynamics.ResultsThe sample comprised 505 drugs undergoing patent expiration in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, UK, and US. Price decreases were statistically significant over the 8 years after patent expiration, with the fastest price declines observed in the US: 32% (95% CI, 24%-39%) in year 1 after patent expiration and 82% (95% CI, 71%-89%) in the 8 years after patent expiration. Estimates for other nations ranged from a decrease of 64% in Australia to 18% in Switzerland in the 8 years after expiration. The cost-effectiveness simulation model indicated that not accounting for generic entry into the market may produce biased incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of 40% to −40%, depending on the scenario.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study demonstrate that drug prices were reduced substantially after patent expirations in high-income countries. Therefore, incorporating information on patent status and pricing dynamics in cost-effectiveness assessment analyses is necessary for producing accurate economic evaluations of new drugs.
Safety Net Primary Care Capabilities After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Schifferdecker Karen E. , Yang Ching-Wen W. , Mackwood Matthew B. , Rodriguez Hector P. , Shortell Stephen M. , Akré Ellesse-Roselee , O’Malley A. James , Butler Caryn , Berube Alena D. , Andrews Alice O. , Fisher Elliott S. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceFederally qualified health centers (FQHCs) provide care to 30 million patients in the US and have shown better outcomes and processes than other practice types. Little is known about how the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to FQHC capabilities compared with other practices.ObjectiveTo compare postpandemic operational characteristics and capabilities of FQHCs with non-FQHC safety net practices and non-FQHC, non–safety net practices.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationally representative survey conducted from June 2022 to February 2023 with an oversampling of safety net practices in the US included practice leaders working in stratified random selection of practices based on FQHC status, Area Deprivation Index category, and ownership type per a health care network dataset.ExposuresPractice type: FQHC vs non-FQHC safety net and non-FQHC practices.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary care capabilities, including 2 measures of access and 11 composite measures.ResultsA total of 1245 practices (221 FQHC and 1024 non-FQHC) responded of 3498 practices sampled. FQHCs were more likely to be independently owned and have received COVID-19 funding. FQHCs and non-FQHC safety net practices were more likely to be in rural areas. FQHCs significantly outperformed non-FQHCs on several capabilities even after controlling for practice size and ownership, including behavioral health provision (mean score, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.51-0.56), culturally informed services (mean score, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.53-0.58), screening for social needs (mean score, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.39-0.47), social needs referrals (mean score, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.48-0.57), social needs referral follow-up (mean score, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.27-0.36), and shared decision-making and motivational interviewing training (mean score, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.51-0.56). No differences were found in behavioral and substance use screening, care processes for patients with complex and high levels of need, use of patient-reported outcome measures, decision aid use, or after-hours access. Across all practices, most of the examined capabilities showed room for improvement.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this survey study suggest that FQHCs outperformed non-FQHC practices on important care processes while serving a patient population with lower incomes who are medically underserved compared with patients in other practice types. Legislation to expand funding for the FQHC program should improve services for underserved populations and target current non-FQHC safety net practices to serve these populations. Increased support for these practices could improve primary care for rural populations.