bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of a Premium‐Based Tick Size on Equity Option Liquidity
Authors: Verousis Thanos , ap Gwilym Owain , Voukelatos Nikolaos 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOn June 2, 2009, NYSE LIFFE Amsterdam reduced the tick size for options trading at prices below € 0.20 from € 0.05 to € 0.01 and on April 1, 2010, the exchange increased the price threshold to € 0.50. We study the effect of that tick size reduction on the liquidity of individual equity options. In this respect, this study is uniquely positioned in the options context where moneyness is a clear additional factor in the implementation of the tick size changes. We show that, in general, quoted and traded option liquidity increased but at a rate decreasing with option moneyness. Real costs fell more for the lower priced contracts. Importantly, we show that the ability of the market to absorb larger trades has potentially diminished after the change in the tick size. We document a substantial increase in quote revisions which implies an increase in price competition and, as a result, an improvement in market quality. Finally, the decrease in the tick size led to an increase in hedging activity using deep‐out‐of‐the‐money puts. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 36:397–417, 2016
Resting state in Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies: commonalities and differences
Authors: Peraza Luis R. , Colloby Sean J. , Firbank Michael J. , Greasy G. Shirmin , McKeith Ian G. , Kaiser Marcus , O'Brien John , Taylor John‐Paul 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are two dementias with overlapping phenotypes. Clinically, these are differentiated by the one‐year precedence rule between the onset of dementia with respect to Parkinsonism. In this report we aimed to find differences between DLB and PDD in functional connectivity (FC) using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, which we hypothesised would reflect the underlying pathological differences between DLB and PDD.MethodsThe study cohort comprised of 18 patients with DLB, 12 with PDD and 17 healthy control (HC) groups. Eight cortical and four subcortical seeds were chosen, and time series extracted to estimate correlation maps. We also implemented a voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) analysis to assess regional grey matter differences. FC analysis was corrected for age, sex and regional grey matter differences.ResultsThe FC analysis showed greater alterations in DLB than in PDD for seeds placed within the fronto‐parietal network (FPN), whilst in contrast, for the supplementary motor area seed FC alterations were more apparent in PDD than in DLB. However, when comparing DLB and PDD, no significant differences were found. In addition, VBM analysis revealed greater atrophy in PDD than HC and DLB in the bilateral motor cortices and precuneus respectively.ConclusionsPDD and DLB demonstrate similar FC alterations in the brain. However, attention‐ and motor‐related seeds revealed subtle differences between both conditions when compared with HC, which may relate to the neuropathology and chronological precedence of core symptoms in the Lewy body dementias. © 2015 The Authors International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Obesity and perioperative complications in head and neck free tissue reconstruction
Authors: de la Garza Gabriel , Militsakh Oleg , Panwar Aru , Galloway Tabitha L. , Jorgensen Jeffrey B. , Ledgerwood Levi G. , Kaiser Katelyn , Kitzerow Collin , Shnayder Yelizaveta , Neumann Colin A. , Khariwala Samir S. , Chad Spanos W. , Pagedar Nitin A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundFree tissue transfer is a mainstay in reconstruction of complex head and neck defects. The purpose of this study was to determine if perioperative complications were more common in patients with body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 undergoing free flap reconstruction.MethodsA multi‐institutional retrospective cohort was created. Medical complications, surgical complications, and procedural variables were recorded. Logistic regression was used to investigate univariate and multivariate associations between outcomes and predictors.ResultsOf 582 cases, 128 patients (22%) had BMI >30. Surgical complications occurred in 153 cases (26.3%), with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) for association of surgical complications with BMI >30 of 0.92 (p = .71). Medical complications occurred in 178 cases (30.6%), with an adjusted OR of 0.78 (p = .26). Age and advanced comorbidity status (Adult Comorbidity Evaluation‐27 [ACE‐27] 2 or 3) were associated with medical complications (p < .0001).ConclusionBMI >30 does not predict medical or surgical complications in patients undergoing head and neck free flap surgery. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1188–E1191, 2016
Institution‐specific risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma in atypia/follicular lesion of undetermined significance
Authors: Bernstein Jonathan M. , Shah Manish , MacMillan Christina , Freeman Jeremy L. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) is used in surgical decision‐making according to malignancy risk in each category. Malignancy risk in atypia/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) is estimated in BSRTC to be 5% to 15%, but institutional data have varied widely.MethodsWe conducted a post‐BSRTC 4‐year retrospective analysis of index thyroid nodule cytology and histopathology in an academic head and neck endocrine surgery setting.ResultsOf 2939 thyroid cytology reports from 1944 patients, the most advanced BSRTC category was AUS/FLUS in 233 patients (12.0%) of which 187 went to thyroidectomy. In AUS/FLUS, the upper and lower boundary estimates of the malignancy rate were 46% and 37%, accordingly. The malignancy rate did not vary significantly by cytopathologist or cytopathologic features.ConclusionMalignancy rates in AUS/FLUS vary by institution from 6% to 46%. Given the subjective nature of thyroid cytopathology and interpretation of the BSRTC categories, guidelines should encourage the use of institution‐specific data on malignancy risk in treatment decisions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1210–E1215, 2016
Agricultural and forested land use impacts on floodplain shallow groundwater temperature regime
Authors: Kellner Elliott , Hubbart Jason 
Published: August 2015

AbstractGiven the importance of groundwater temperature to the biogeochemical health of aquatic ecosystems, a floodplain study was implemented to improve understanding of rural land use impacts on shallow groundwater (SGW) temperature. Study sites included a historic agricultural field (Ag) and bottomland hardwood forest (BHF), each with nine piezometers in an 80 × 80 m grid. Piezometers were equipped with pressure transducers to monitor SGW temperature and level at 30 min intervals during the 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 water years. The study is one of the first to utilize long‐term, continuous, automated, in situ monitoring to investigate rural land use impacts on shallow groundwater temperatures. Average SGW temperature during the study period was 11.1 and 11.2 °C at the Ag and BHF sites, respectively. However, temperature range at the Ag site was 72% greater than at the BHF site. Results indicate a greater responsiveness to seasonal climate fluctuations in Ag site SGW temperature related to absence of forest canopy. Patterns of intra‐site groundwater temperature differences at both study sites illustrate the influence of stream–aquifer thermal conduction and occasional baseflow reversals. Considering similar surface soil temperature amplitudes and low average groundwater flow values at both sites, results suggest that contrasting rates of plant water use, groundwater recharge, and subsurface hydraulic conductivity are likely mechanistic causes for the observed SGW temperature differences. Results highlight the long‐term impact of forest removal on subsurface hydrology and groundwater temperature regime. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells on PDLLA + BMP‐2‐coated titanium alloy surfaces
Authors: Haversath Marcel , Hülsen Tobias , Böge Carolin , Tassemeier Tjark , Landgraeber Stefan , Herten Monika , Warwas Sebastian , Krauspe Rüdiger , Jäger Marcus 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRhBMP‐2 is clinically applied to enhance bone healing and used in combination with titanium fixation implants. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of hMSC on native polished versus sandblasted titanium surfaces (TS) and to test their behavior on pure poly‐D,L‐lactide (PDLLA) coated as well as PDLLA + rhBMP‐2 coated TS. Furthermore, the release kinetics of PDLLA + rhBMP‐2‐coated TS was investigated. Human bone marrow cells were obtained from three different donors (A: male, 16 yrs; B: male, 27 yrs, C: male, 49 yrs) followed by density gradient centrifugation and flow cytometry with defined antigens. The cells were seeded on native polished and sandblasted TS, PDLLA‐coated TS and PDLLA + rhBMP‐2‐coated TS. Osteogenic differentiation (ALP specific activity via ALP and BCA assay) and proliferation (LDH cytotoxicity assay) was examined on day 7 and 14 and release kinetics of rhBMP‐2 was investigated on day 3, 7, 10, and 14. We found significant higher ALP specific activity and LDH activity on native polished compared to native sandblasted surfaces. PDLLA led to decreased ALP specific and LDH activity on both surface finishes. Additional rhBMP‐2 slightly diminished this effect. RhBMP‐2‐release from coated TS decreased nearly exponentially with highest concentrations at the beginning of the cultivation period. The results of this in vitro study suggest that native TS stimulate hMSC significantly stronger toward osteogenic differentiation and proliferation than rhBMP‐2 + PDLLA‐layered TS in the first 14 days of cultivation. The PDLLA‐layer seems to inhibit local hMSC differentiation and proliferation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 145–154, 2016.
Combination of three angiogenic growth factors has synergistic effects on sprouting of endothelial cell/mesenchymal stem cell‐based spheroids in a 3D matrix
Authors: Kim Sook Kyoung , Lee Jaeyeon , Song Myeongjin , Kim Mirim , Hwang Soon Jung , Jang Hwanseok , Park Yongdoo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCombinations of angiogenic growth factors have been shown to have synergistic effects on angiogenesis and natural wound healing in various animal models. Each growth factor has unique roles during angiogenesis; vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role during the initial step of angiogenesis, whereas PDGF functions in the maturation of blood vessels. We used a combination of three angiogenic growth factors to increase angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We chose VEGF as a basic factor and added platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) to induce angiogenesis in three in vitro and in vivo models: 3D angiogenesis assay, 3D co‐culture, and matrigel plug implantation assay. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in co‐cultured cells treated with PDGF + VEGF + FGF than in the control, single, or dual combination groups. mRNA expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and CD105 was higher in the triple group (PDGF + VEGF + FGF) than in control, single, or dual combination groups. In the PDGF + VEGF + FGF group, the length and number of branches of spheroids was also significantly higher than in the control, single, or dual combination groups. Furthermore, in a nude mouse model, α‐SMA expression was significantly higher in the PDGF + VEGF + FGF group than in other groups. In conclusion, the addition of PDGF and FGF to VEGF showed synergistic effects on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1535–1543, 2016.
Homogenization of surface temperature data in High Mountain Asia through comparison of reanalysis data and station observations
Authors: Song Chunqiao , Ke Linghong , Richards Keith S , Cui Yuanzheng 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTHigh‐quality temperature estimates with good spatio‐temporal coverage are necessary for completely understanding the influences of warming climate on cryosphere and hydrological systems in High Mountain Asia (HMA). In this study, we compare reanalysis temperature data from ERA‐Interim and National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) with station observations in HMA during 1979–2011. The results indicate that although reanalysis temperature data can capture the warming trends in HMA, the trend magnitudes are clearly underestimated by reanalysis data. In particular, the increase in summer temperature cannot be identified from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. For ERA‐Interim, temperature increases are underestimated in the north and northwest of HMA; for NCEP/NCAR, the warming magnitudes show evident biases in the Pamir, Himalayas, and southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Considering that high‐frequency signals and periodical fluctuations among the three datasets are in good agreement, and based on the wavelet transform method, the low‐frequency component decomposed from the temperature time series of ERA‐Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses is adjusted by that derived from station observations. The resulting homogenized reanalysis temperature data show much better spatio‐temporal consistency with station data. The differences in monthly and annual temperature anomalies between station and homogenized ERA‐Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data become more convergent. The homogenized temperature time series are better correlated with station data at annual and seasonal timescales.
Self‐Assembly of a Multifunctional Lipid With Core–Shell Dendrimer DNA Nanoparticles Enhanced Efficient Gene Delivery at Low Charge Ratios into RPE Cells
Authors: Sun Da , Maeno Hiroshi , Gujrati Maneesh , Schur Rebecca , Maeda Akiko , Maeda Tadao , Palczewski Krzysztof , Lu Zheng‐Rong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDevelopment of safe and effective gene delivery systems is essential in treating ocular genetic disorders. A hybrid nonviral system composed of a multifunctional lipid ECO and a G4 nanoglobule was designed for efficient gene delivery into RPE cells at low charge ratios. This system formed stable DNA nanoparticles at low N/P ratios, exhibited low cytotoxicity, and induced higher GFP expression in ARPE‐19 cells at N/P = 6. The hybrid nanoparticles mediated significant reporter gene GFP expression ex‐vivo in the retina from wild type C57 mice and in vivo in BALB/c mice. These hybrid nanoparticles are promising for in vitro and in vivo gene delivery at low charge ratios.
Effect of process parameters and talc ratio on hot plate welding of polypropylene
Authors: Taşkıran E. , Sayer S. , Özes Ç. , Yeni Ç. , Ülker A. 
Published: August 2015

This study analyzes the influence of different talc ratios on weld strength of polypropylene joined with hot plate welding process. It further determines the optimum welding parameter settings to achieve the optimum weld strength and observes the effect of process parameters, namely plate temperature and heating time on the joint quality.Process parameters were considered as variables and their effect, interactions and relative significance were investigated by utilizing design of experiment. Simultaneously, a mathematical predictive model of the weld strength was developed in terms of welding parameters. The model can predict effectively weld strength with a 95% confidence level.
A Practical One‐Pot Synthesis of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Tracers via Nickel‐Mediated Radiofluorination
Authors: Zlatopolskiy Boris D. , Zischler Johannes , Urusova Elizaveta A. , Endepols Heike , Kordys Elena , Frauendorf Holm , Mottaghy Felix M. , Neumaier Bernd 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInvited for this months cover picture is the group of Professor Bernd Neumaier at the Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging at the University Clinic of Cologne. The cover picture shows the differences in brain metabolism of a healthy young and a healthy old subject, as well as a patient suffering from Parkinsons disease (left to right) uncovered by 6‐[18F]FDOPA‐positron emission tomography (PET). Morbus Parkinson occurs when nerve cells that produce dopamine begin to die. The shortage of dopamine leads to movement problems in affected individuals. 6‐[18F]FDOPA is extensively used to evaluate the progression of Parkinsons disease. Bold stick projections of this PET tracer, as well as a neuronal network, are seen in the background. Unfortunately, conventional procedures to produce 6‐[18F]FDOPA are cumbersome. Thus, several recent developments aim at the simplification of this radiosynthesis. In our work, we studied the applicability of the recently reported Ni‐mediated radiofluorination approach for daily routine production of 6‐[18F]FDOPA. For more details, see the Full Paper on p. 457 ff.
Psychological Predictors of Outcomes with Lumbar Spinal Fusion: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Wilhelm Mark , Reiman Michael , Goode Adam , Richardson William , Brown Christopher , Vaughn Daniel , Cook Chad 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurposeTo review the predictive/risk psychological factors at baseline that are associated with a favourable (or non‐favourable) outcome following lumbar spinal fusion (LSF).MethodsA computer‐assisted literature search of PubMed, CINAHL complete and EMBASE for studies published between January 1, 1990 and October 1, 2014 with controlled vocabulary and key words related to LSF, degenerative lumbar spine diagnoses and appropriate terms for predictive variables. Each study was required to be a retrospective or prospective design that involved LSF (all forms). Quality assessment was conducted with the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool. A study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO# CRD42014008728).ResultsThe majority of the eight accepted studies were observational, prospective cohorts (n = 6). High levels of baseline depression and lower SF‐36 Mental Component Scores (MCS) lower quality of life were associated with non‐favourable outcomes. Two studies were rated as high quality, five were moderate and one study had low quality.ConclusionsAt present, there are a number of psychological variables that are associated with a poorer outcome with LSF. Higher levels of depression and lower scores on the SF‐36 MCS are the most commonly implicated. However, based on the results of the studies using single arm designs there is not enough evidence to determine which psychological variables are influential in predicting outcomes for LSF. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor/azole mixtures on selection of Zymoseptoria tritici isolates with reduced sensitivity
Authors: Dooley Hilda , Shaw Michael W , Spink John , Kildea Steven 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDCombining fungicides with different modes of action is regarded as one of the most effective means of slowing the selection of resistance. Field trials were used to study the effects of such mixtures on selection for Zymoseptoria tritici with reduced sensitivity to the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) and azole fungicides. The SDHI isopyrazam and the azole epoxiconazole were applied individually as solo products, and together in a preformulated mixture. All fungicide treatments were included at both full and half the recommended doses.RESULTSCompared with using epoxiconazole alone, mixing epoxiconazole with isopyrazam led to an increase in epoxiconazole‐sensitive isolates. In contrast, all treatments containing isopyrazam reduced the sensitivity of Z. tritici to isopyrazam compared with those without. Reducing doses to half the recommended rate had no effect on sensitivity of isolates to either active ingredient. In a subgroup of isolates least sensitive to isopyrazam, non‐synonymous mutations were found in the SdhC and SdhD subunits, but their presence was unrelated to sensitivity.CONCLUSIONMixing an azole and SDHI was clearly beneficial for the azole, but not for the SDHI component. This dynamic might change if strains conferring reduced sensitivity to the SDHIs were to arise. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Subcellular localization of anthracyclines in cultured rat cardiomyoblasts as possible predictors of cardiotoxicity
Authors: Studzian Kazimierz , Kik Krzysztof , Lukawska Malgorzata , Oszczapowicz Irena , Strek Malgorzata , Szmigiero Leszek 
Published: August 2015

SummaryIn this study, we compared the cellular uptake, intracellular localization and cytotoxicity of two groups of anthracycline derivatives in cultured H9c2(2-1) rat cardiomyoblasts. The first group consisted of doxorubicin (DOX) and two of its derivatives containing a formamidino group (–N = CH–N<) at the C-3′ position with a morpholine (DOXM) or a hexamethyleneimine (DOXH) ring. The second group consisted of daunorubicin (DRB) and its derivatives containing a morpholine (DRBM) or a hexamethyleneimine (DRBH) ring. DOXH and DRBH were taken up by cardiomyoblasts more efficiently than estimated for other tested anthracyclines. The cellular uptakes of DOXM and DRBM were reduced compared to those of the parent compounds. Applied structural modifications of DOX and DRB influenced the subcellular localization of the tested derivatives. DOX and DOXH were localized primarily in nuclei, whereas the other anthracyclines were found in the nuclei and cytoplasm. The percentages of the compounds that accumulated in the nuclei were 80.2 and 54.2 % for DOX and DOXH, respectively. The lowest nuclear accumulation values were observed for DRBM (19.9 %), DRBH (21.9 %) and DOXM (23.7 %). The ability of anthracyclines to accumulate in the nuclei correlated with their DNA binding constants (r = 0.858, P = 0.029). A correlation was found between the accumulation of the tested anthracyclines in the nuclei of cardiomyoblasts and their cardiotoxicity in vivo, which was observed in our previous study. We suggest that cytotoxicity and the anthracycline accumulation level in the nuclei of cultured cardiomyoblasts could be used for early prediction of their cardiotoxicity.
Fucoxanthin Enhances Chain Elongation and Desaturation of Alpha‐Linolenic Acid in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Wu Meng‐Ting , Su Hui‐Min , Cui Yi , Windust Anthony , Chou Hong‐Nong , Huang Ching‐jang 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDietary fucoxanthin (FX), a carotenoid compound from brown algae, was found to increase docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n‐3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n‐6) in the liver of mice. DHA and ARA are known to be biosynthesized from the respective precursor α‐linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n‐3) and linoleic acid (LNA, 18:2n‐6), through desaturation and chain elongation. We examined the effect of FX on the fatty acid metabolism in HepG2 cells (Hepatocellular carcinoma, human). In the first experiment, cells were co‐treated with ALA (100 μM) and FX (0–100 μM) or vehicle for 48 h. FX increased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n‐3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n‐3), DHA at concentrations of ≥50 μM. To clarify the change in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), in the second experiment, cells were co‐treated with universally‐[13C]‐labeled (U‐[13C]‐) ALA (100 μM) and FX (100 μM) for 0.5, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. [13C] labeled‐EPA, DPA and DHA content in HepG2 cells were all increased by FX after 48 h treatment. Furthermore, estimated delta‐5 desaturase (D5D) but not delta‐6 desaturase (D6D) activity index was increased at 48 h. These results suggested that FX may enhance the conversion of ALA to longer chain n‐3 PUFA through increasing D5D activity in the liver.