bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restarting Anticoagulant Treatment After Intracranial Hemorrhage in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and the Impact on Recurrent Stroke, Mortality, and Bleeding
Authors: Nielsen Peter Brønnum , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Skjøth Flemming , Gorst-Rasmussen Anders , Rasmussen Lars Hvilsted , Lip Gregory Y.H. 
Published: June 2015

Background—
Intracranial hemorrhage is the most feared complication of oral anticoagulant treatment. The optimal treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation who survive an intracranial hemorrhage remains unknown. We hypothesized that restarting oral anticoagulant treatment was associated with a lower risk of stroke and mortality in comparison with not restarting.

Methods and Results—
Linkage of 3 Danish nationwide registries in the period between 1997 and 2013 identified patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anticoagulant treatment with incident intracranial hemorrhage. Patients were stratified by treatment regimens (no treatment, oral anticoagulant treatment, or antiplatelet therapy) after the intracranial hemorrhage. Event rates were assessed 6 weeks after hospital discharge and compared with Cox proportional hazard models. In 1752 patients (1 year of follow-up), the rate of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and all-cause mortality (per 100 person-years) for patients treated with oral anticoagulants was 13.6, in comparison with 27.3 for nontreated patients and 25.7 for patients receiving antiplatelet therapy. The rate of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and all-cause mortality (per 100 person-years) for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage, the rate of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism, and all-cause mortality (per 100 person-years) patients treated with oral anticoagulants was 8.0, in comparison with 8.6 for nontreated patients and 5.3 for patients receiving antiplatelet therapy. The adjusted hazard ratio of ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and all-cause mortality was 0.55 (95% confidence interval, 0.39–0.78) in patients on oral anticoagulant treatment in comparison with no treatment. For ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and for all-cause mortality, hazard ratios were 0.59 (95% confidence interval, 0.33–1.03) and 0.55 (95% confidence interval, 0.37–0.82), respectively.

Conclusions—
Oral anticoagulant treatment was associated with a significant reduction in ischemic stroke/all-cause mortality rates, supporting oral anticoagulant treatment reintroduction after intracranial hemorrhage as feasible. Future trials are encouraged to guide clinical practice in these patients.
A Neural Decomposition of Visual Search Using Voxel-based Morphometry
Authors: Humphreys Glyn W. , Chechlacz Magdalena 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The ability to search efficiently for visual targets among distractors can break down after a variety of brain lesions, but the specific processes affected by the lesions are unclear. We examined search over space (conjunction search) and over time plus space (preview search) in a consecutive series of patients with acquired brain lesions. We also assessed performance on standard neuropsychological measures of visuospatial short-term memory (Corsi Block), sustained attention and memory updating (the contrast between forward and backward digit span), and visual neglect. Voxel-based morphometry analyses revealed regions in the occipital (middle occipital gyrus), posterior parietal (angular gyrus), and temporal cortices (superior and middle temporal gyri extending to the insula), along with underlying white matter pathways, associated with poor search. Going beyond standard voxel-based morphometry analyses, we then report correlation measures of structural damage in these regions and the independent neuropsychological measures of other cognitive functions. We find distinct patterns of correlation in areas linked to poor search, suggesting that the areas play functionally different roles in search. We conclude that neuropsychological disorders of search can be linked to necessary and distinct cognitive functions, according to the site of lesion.
Phylogenetic position of Lycodon gongshan Vogel and Luo, 2011, a snake endemic to China (Reptilia: Colubridae)
Authors: Guo Peng , Zhong Guanghui , Liu Qin , Zhu Fei , Li Cao , Wang Ping , Xiao Rong , Fang Ming , Fu Xin 
Published: June 2015

Lycodon gongshanVogel and Luo, 2011 is a newly described snake species that is endemic to southwestern China. Based on two mtDNA gene fragments and two nuclear genes, a molecular phylogeny for the genusLycodonwas reconstructed and the systematic position ofL. gongshanwas evaluated. The results revealed thatL. gongshanformed a strongly supported monophyletic clade withL. fasciatus, and (L. cavernicolus +L. butleri), although the relationships among them were unresolved. The close genetic relationship betweenL. gongshanandL. fasciatusis consistent with hypotheses based on morphological data. Additionally two specimens from Guangdong, previously identified asL. fasciatus, showed a sister relationship withL. liuchengchaoiwith low genetic difference, indicating that the two specimens were misidentified, and illustrating thatL. liuchengchaoimay have much broader distribution than previous thought.
Effects of preoperative proton pump inhibitor administration on bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nishizawa Toshihiro , Suzuki Hidekazu , Akimoto Teppei , Maehata Tadateru , Morizane Toshio , Kanai Takanori , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: June 2015

Background and aimThe efficacy of using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) prior to gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to reduce gastric bleeding remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically review the literature to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative PPI use to reduce post‐ESD bleeding.MethodsPubMed, the Cochrane library, and the Igaku‐Chuo‐Zasshi database were searched to identify randomized trials eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. Data from four studies (406 patients) were combined to calculate a pooled risk difference (RD) for developing post‐ESD bleeding.ResultsCompared with patients who received no premedication, the pooled RD for post‐ESD bleeding in patients who received preoperavive PPI was –0.027 (95% confidence interval: –0.070–0.017, p =  0.228), without significant heterogeneity. Preoperavive PPI use significantly increased gastric pH (weighted mean difference: 1.289, 95% CI: 0.227–2.352, p  = 0.0174).ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis showed that premedication with PPI had no advantage for the prevention of post‐ESD bleeding, despite increasing gastric pH.
Neutrophil CD64 expression as a diagnostic marker for sepsis in adult patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao , Li Zhong-Yun , Zeng Ling , Zhang An-Qiang , Pan Wei , Gu Wei , Jiang Jian-Xin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) expression appears to be a promising marker of bacterial infections. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the accuracy of nCD64 expression for the diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill adult patients.

Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library for literature published between database inception and 19 May 2014, as well as reference lists of identified primary studies. Studies were included if they included assessment of the accuracy of nCD64 expression for sepsis diagnosis in adult patients and provided sufficient information to construct a 2×2 contingency table.

Results
A total of 8 studies comprising 1986 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the final analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.76 (95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.78) and 0.85 (95 % CI, 0.82–0.87), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio were 8.15 (95 % CI, 3.82–17.36), 0.16 (95 % CI, 0.09–0.30), and 60.41 (95 % CI, 15.87–229.90), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve of nCD64 expression with Q* value were 0.95 (Q* =0.89).

Conclusions
On the basis of our meta-analysis, nCD64 expression is a helpful marker for early diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill patients. The results of the test should not be used alone to diagnose sepsis, but instead should be interpreted in combination with medical history, physical examination, and other test results.
A randomized controlled trial on the effects of goal-directed therapy on the inflammatory response open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Funk Duane J. , HayGlass Kent T. , Koulack Joshua , Harding Greg , Boyd April , Brinkman Ryan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Goal-directed therapy (GDT) has been shown in numerous studies to decrease perioperative morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of benefit of GDT, however, has not been clearly elucidated. Targeted resuscitation of the vascular endothelium with GDT might alter the postoperative inflammatory response and be responsible for the decreased complications with this therapy.

Methods
This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01681251. Forty patients undergoing elective open repair of their abdominal aortic aneurysm, 18 years of age and older, were randomized to an interventional arm with GDT targeting stroke volume variation with an arterial pulse contour cardiac output monitor, or control, where fluid therapy was administered at the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist. We measured levels of several inflammatory cytokines (C-reactive protein, Pentraxin 3, suppressor of tumorgenicity--2, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-III) preoperatively and at several postoperative time points to determine if there was a difference in inflammatory response. We also assessed each group for a composite of postoperative complications.

Results
Twenty patients were randomized to GDT and twenty were randomized to control. Length of stay was not different between groups. Intervention patients received less crystalloid and more colloid. At the end of the study, intervention patients had a higher cardiac index (3.4 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7 l/minute per m2, p < 0.01) and stroke volume index (50.1 ± 7.4 vs. 38.1 ± 9.8 ml/m2, p < 0.01) than controls. There were significantly fewer complications in the intervention than control group (28 vs. 12, p = 0.02). The length of hospital and ICU stay did not differ between groups. There was no difference in the levels of inflammatory cytokines between groups.

Conclusions
Despite being associated with fewer complications and improved hemodynamics, there was no difference in the inflammatory response of patients treated with GDT. This suggests that the clinical benefit of GDT occurs in spite of a similar inflammatory burden. Further work needs to be performed to delineate the mechanism of benefit of GDT.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01681251. Registered 18 May 2011.
Distribution of orders in number fields
Authors: Kaplan Nathan , Marcinek Jake , Takloo-Bighash Ramin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we study the distribution of orders of bounded discriminants in number fields. We use the zeta functions introduced by Grunewald, Segal, and Smith. In order to carry out our study, we use p-adic and motivic integration techniques to analyze the zeta function. We give an asymptotic formula for the number of orders contained in the ring of integers of a quintic number field. We also obtain non-trivial bounds for higher degree number fields.AMS Subject Classification:Primary 11M41; 11R29; secondary 11S40
Trwoga 10/04 w świetle badań opinii publicznej
Authors: Ścigaj Paweł 
Published: June 2015

The Fear of 10.04 in the Light of Opinion Polls
April 10th 2010 is undoubtedly one of the most important dates in modern Polish political history. 96 high Polish officials, including President Lech Kaczynski, died in an airplane crash in Smolensk. It can be assumed that this tragedy had a great impact on political attitudes. Unfortunately, very few authors in Poland conducted empirical research on this topic. The paper addressed the issue of probable psychological consequences of Smolensk Crash on political attitudes in the light of terror management theory. On this ground it can be said that arousing of mortality awareness after April 10th should result in a widespread feeling of terror. In other words, “threat of annihilation” should occur as a consequence of recalling those who died in Smolensk in the media. One of the major mechanisms to manage such anxiety is construction and maintenance of cultural worldviews, like ideologies. It leads to the hypothesis that when threatened, people are more likely to think and act in accordance with the cultural worldviews they share. Political leaders can be seen as guards of these cultural worldviews and if it is so, then trust and support for the politicians should increase when mortality salience occurs. Some of the public opinion research conducted in the first days after Smolensk crash are used to illustrate this hypothesis.
Developing and validating a national education programme for healthcare assistants in Ireland: a collaborative project
Authors: Kyle Geraldine , McLoughlin Roisin , Browne Vivienne , Greene Cathriona 
Published: June 2015

This article documents the process of a collaborative approach in developing and validating an education programme for healthcare assistants by a national group of nurse educators working in 18 Centres for Nursing and Midwifery Education (CNMEs) in the Republic of Ireland. The article describes the stages of the collaborative process, including how the work was planned, managed and executed. A total of 27 modules were developed for validation; 8 modules are required for a Major Award at QQI/FET level 5, so there is scope for variance of optional content. The Major Award discussed in this article is the recognised qualification for healthcare assistants in Ireland and is the equivalent of the country's Leaving Certificate. The key benefits and challenges of the collaborative project are discussed and the possible significance of this work, nationally and internationally, is briefly addressed. This article should be of interest to support workers and their educators as an example of accountable leadership and meaningful collaboration between all stakeholders when developing and planning education programmes.
Challenging stereotyping and misconceptions about international HCA education
Authors: Hayes Catherine 
Published: June 2015

The healthcare workforce is estimated to be strategically underpinned by the contribution of a vast number of HCAs who provide front line care to patients and their families and carers. Published statistics reveal that migrant workers constitute a considerable percentage of the HCA workforce. Because of this, the need to support their capacity to provide effective and high-quality care is of paramount importance to workforce development. Alongside this, within the context of educational provision, is the need to promote the avoidance of stereotyping how people from certain international and cultural backgrounds learn. This avoids homogenising international students indiscriminately in the context of learning and teaching where the individuality they bring to healthcare provision is neither acknowledged nor valued. The capacity for the vast majority of international students to develop professionally and personally is at present largely understated in the proposals to develop healthcare assistant education. By supporting international colleagues in their roles, their commitment and sense of belonging will increase, thus impacting on the capacity of the healthcare workforce to recruit and retain valuable people with valuable skills and the personal capacity to provide compassionate care. This paper provides an overview of the issues for consideration in supporting migrant healthcare workers and the benefits this can bring to the whole HCA workforce in practice.
Disrupting the subscription journals’ business model for the necessary large-scale transformation to open access
Authors: Schimmer Ralf , Karin Geschuhn Kai , Vogler Andreas 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This paper makes the strong, fact-based case for a large-scale transformation of the current corpus of scientific subscription journals to an open access business model. The existing journals, with their well-tested functionalities, should be retained and developed to meet the demands of 21st-century research, while the underlying payment streams undergo a major restructuring. There is sufficient momentum for this decisive push toward open access publishing. The diverse existing initiatives must be coordinated so as to converge on this clear goal. The international nature of research implies that this transformation will be achieved on a truly global scale only through a consensus of the world’s most eminent research organizations. All the indications are that the money already invested in the research publishing system is sufficient to enable a transformation that will be sustainable for the future. There needs to be a shared understanding that the money currently locked in the journal subscription system must be withdrawn and re-purposed for open access publishing services. The current library acquisition budgets are the ultimate reservoir for enabling the transformation without financial or other risks. The goal is to preserve the established service levels provided by publishers that are still requested by researchers, while redefining and reorganizing the necessary payment streams. By disrupting the underlying business model, the viability of journal publishing can be preserved and put on a solid footing for the scholarly developments of the future.
A quem deve servir o conhecimento?
Authors: Oliveira Gislene Farias de 
Published: June 2015

<p>Tão importante quanto se obter o conhecimento é saber inserir o mesmo na prática cotidiana. O acesso ao conhecimento, por si só, não é garantia de sua efetiva aplicabilidade, mas pode representar uma contribuição muitíssimo significativa nesta direção. Mas, o que fazer com toda a informações e todo o conhecimento disponibilizado? Acreditamos que caberá ao leitor mais motivado, a iniciativa deste desafio.</p>
Assessing quality and functionality of DNA isolated from FFPE tissues through external quality assessment in tissue banks
Authors: Ahmad-Nejad Parviz , Duda Angelika , Sucker Antje , Werner Martin , Bronsert Peter , Stickeler Elmar , Reifenberger Guido , Malzkorn Bastian , Oberländer Martina , Habermann Jens K. , Bruch Hans-Peter , Linnebacher Michael , Schadendorf Dirk , Neumaier Michael 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBiobanks are becoming increasingly important for assessment of disease risk as well as identification and validation of new diagnostic biomarkers and druggable targets. The validity of data obtained from biobanks is critically limited by the biomaterial quality of the biological samples. External quality assessment (EQA) programs suitable to comprehensively measure the biomaterial quality in archived materials are currently lacking. We report on quantitative assay designs for the analysis of both structural and functional integrity of DNAs that were applied in a first pilot EQA within the priority program on tumor tissue biobanking funded by the German Cancer Aid.Participating biobanks isolated DNAs from a standardized set of 10 samples comprising sections of four different formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues using their standard operating procedures. Isolated DNAs and analytical results were returned and analyzed centrally for nucleic acids yield, purity, fragmentation and amplificability at a quantitative level using dedicated assay designs.The amount of extracted DNA varied in isolates ranging between 1.5 μg and 25.8 μg. Quantification of DNA fragmentation and amplificability allowed to highlight considerable discrepancies in DNA quality. Amplicons yielded from the isolates of these identical EQA samples ranged from 105 to 411 bp suggesting differences between residual inhibitors of downstream enzymatic reactions.The quality of extraction of bioanalytes from biomaterial archives is heterogeneous even for stable biomolecules like DNA isolated with highly standardized methods. EQAs are appropriate tools to uncover strengths and weaknesses in biobanks in a systematic fashion. Biomaterial integrity is insufficiently reflected by standard methods, but needs to be assessed to improve biobank interoperability. Finally, our results also point towards the problem of measuring the quality of more delicate biomolecules like proteins or metabolites.
Metrology-based quality and process control in automated stem cell production
Authors: Schenk Friedrich W. , Kulik Michael , Schmitt Robert 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We present a fully automated production platform for the generation,
cultivation and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem
cells. Cell culture, the process by which cells are grown outside of
their natural environment, is a highly individual process. It can only
be performed automatically by employing specialized metrology in
combination with adaptive process control. A main motivation for
automated versus manually assisted cell production is the increase in
throughput and quality. Therefore all devices in the production
platform have to be high-throughput capable and deliver reproducible
results. Especially by combining high-speed microscopy with
intelligent automation, a metrology-based quality and process control
could be realized which allows the production of iPS cells on an
industrial scale for the first time.
Time Series Analysis About The Relationship Between Foreign Trade and Exchange Rate in Turkish Economy
Authors: Kargi Bilal 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this study, the relationship between the foreign trade data and the exchange rate is tested using the monthly data for the period of 1992:01-2014:01 in Turkish Economy. The devaluation of local currency is expected to increase export while decreasing import rates, thus it will close the foreign trade deficit, theoretically. However, this effect is observed in varying degrees in the on both short and long terms. One of the most fundamental problems of the Turkish Economy is the foreign trade deficit, beside the Turkish Lira is a quite frequently fluctuating currency. The relationship between the foreign trade data and the exchange rate is an important topic to examine when the dependence of export to import is especially considered. In this study, the longterm relation between these two main variables and their causality are examined as using the time series analysis. Therefore, the tested hypothesis will be „there is a long term relationship between the exchange rate and the foreign trade in Turkish Economy“. It is was empirically observed that this hypothesis is correct as a result of the tests. It is also observed that there is Granger causality from the exchange rate to the exports, imports and net foreign trade in addition to the fact that the long term relationship exists between the foreign trade and the rate of exchange.
Mutual Separation of Uranium, Plutonium and Fission Products by Gradient Multistage Extraction
Authors: Ishimori Tomitaro , Akatsu Johkun 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Uranium, plutonium and fission products are separated by means of a simple multistage extraction of 20% TBP-carbontetrachloride vs. nitric acid series. In order to enhance the mutual separation, the acidity of the aqueous portions is lowered stepwise. All fission products, plutonium and uranium are obtained in aqueous solutions in the sequence mentioned, leaving no active material in the organic solutions of the extractor. The plutonium fractions contain some fission products and a small amount of uranium. However, uranium is obtained with a fairly high purity. The same organic solutions can be used several times giving more or less the same separated products.