bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambulance quality and outcome measures for general non-conveyed populations (AQUA): A scoping review
Authors: Höglund Erik , Magnusson Carl , Lederman Jakob , Spangler Douglas , Vloet Lilian , Ebben Remco 
Published: August 2024

Background
An increasing number of patients receive ambulance care without being conveyed to a definitive care provider. This process has been described as complex, challenging, and lacking in guideline support by EMS clinicians. The use of quality- and outcome measures among non-conveyed patients is an understudied phenomenon.

Aim
To identify current quality- and outcome measures for the general population of non-conveyed patients in order to describe major trends and knowledge gaps.

Methods
A scoping review of peer-reviewed original articles was conducted to identify quality- and outcome measures for non-conveyance within emergency medical services. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews statement (PRISMA-ScR) was followed. The PROSPERO and OSF database were checked for pending reviews or protocols. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library database were searched for relevant articles. Searches were performed in November 2023.

Results
Thirty-six studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Mortality was the most used outcome measure, reported in 24 (67%) of the articles. Emergency department attendance and hospital admission were the following most used outcome measures. Follow-up durations varied substantially between both measures and studies. Mortality rates were found to have the longest follow-up times, with a median follow-up duration a little bit over one week.

Conclusions
This scoping review shows that studies report a wide range of quality and outcome measures in the ambulance setting to measure non-conveyance. Reported quality and outcome measures were also heterogeneous with regard to their follow-up timeframe. The variety of approaches to evaluate non-conveyance poses challenges for future research and quality improvement. A more uniform approach to reporting and measuring non-conveyance is needed to enable comparisons between contexts and formal meta-analysis.
Biomarker guided antibiotic stewardship in community acquired pneumonia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Duijkers Ruud , Prins Hendrik J. , Kross Martijn , Snijders Dominic , van den Berg Jan W. K. , Werkman Gwendolyn M. , van der Veen Nynke , Schoorl Marianne , Bonten Marc J. M. , van Werkhoven Cornelis H. , Boersma Wim G. 
Published: August 2024

Background
In community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the role of biomarkers to shorten duration of antibiotic treatment has not been firmly established. We assessed the effectiveness of active feedback of treatment algorithms based on procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP), compared to standard care, on the duration of antibiotic treatment in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in non-ICU wards.

Methods and findings
We performed a randomised, open label, parallel group, multi-centre trial in 3 Dutch teaching hospitals. Treatment was guided by a PCT algorithm, CRP algorithm or standard care. Participants were recruited by a member of the study team and randomised at day 2–3 of admission in a 1:1:1 ratio. Treatment was discontinued upon predefined thresholds of biomarkers that were assessed on admission, day 4 and days 5–7 if indicated. The primary outcome was total days on antibiotic treatment until day 30. In total 468 participants were included in this study. The median days on antibiotics (IQR) was 7 (IQR 7–10) in the control group, 4 (IQR 3–7) in the CRP group (rate ratio (RR) of 0.70, 95% CI 0.61–0.82 compared to standard care; p <0.001), and 5.5 (IQR 3–9) in the PCT group (RR of 0.78, 95% CI 0.68–0.89 compared to standard care; p <0.001). New antibiotics within the first 30 days were prescribed to 24, 23 and 35 patients in standard care, CRP and PCT groups, respectively. The hazard ratio for a new prescription in patients in the PCT group compared to standard care 1.63 (CI 0.97–2.75; p = 0.06). No difference in time to clinical stability or length of stay was found.

Conclusions
A strategy of feedback of CRP-guided and PCT-guided treatment algorithms reduced the number of days on antibiotic in the first 30 days after hospital admission in non-ICU wards for CAP. The study was not powered to determine safety of shortening duration of antibiotic treatment. (NCT01964495).
Evaluation of autoimmune liver disease antibodies in hepatitis patients
Authors: Kim Namsoo , Kim Sinyoung , Choi Jong Rak , Park Younhee 
Published: August 2024

Background/aims
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by the presence of auto-antibodies and high blood immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. In this study, the line immunoassay (LIA) was designed to assess various autoantibodies.

Methods
In total, 1371 patients who underwent autoimmune liver disease antibody testing between July 2019 and November 2022 were enrolled. Autoantibodies including antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) were tested, and clinical data were collected. Statistical analyses were performed by categorizing the data based on diagnosis and IgG quantification separately. A scoring system was applied to identify individuals with AIH. Patients were also classified into the AIH and non-AIH groups.

Results
The positivity rate for ANA was 80.2% in the AIH group. The IgG-high group had a high likelihood of the presence of detectable autoantibodies, with anti-Ro-52 being the most frequently detected antibody using LIA. The "Consider AIH" and "AMA" groups had 3–4 times more patients in the IgG-high group than in the "Not Considered" group.

Conclusions
Among autoantibodies, the prevalence of ANA was the highest. As per LIA results, anti-Ro-52 was the most prevalent. AIH cannot be diagnosed based on IgG levels alone and must be distinguished via autoantibody testing. Therefore, extensive testing, including autoantibodies, IgG, ANA, and liver enzyme levels, will help accurately diagnose AIH.
Fecal Immunochemical Test to Detect Colorectal Neoplasia in Lynch Syndrome: A Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: van Liere Elsa L.S.A. , de Boer Nanne K.H. , van Leerdam Monique E. , Dekker Evelien , Jacobs Maarten A.J.M. , Koornstra Jan Jacob , Kuijvenhoven Johan P. , Lemmens Margriet , Meijer Gerrit A. , Spaander Manon C.W. , Carvalho Beatriz , Ramsoekh Dewkoemar 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Colonoscopy surveillance for Lynch syndrome is burdensome and postcolonoscopy colorectal cancers (CRCs) still occur. The noninvasive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) might guide optimal colonoscopy intervals.

METHODS:
Prospective, multicenter observational study in which individuals with Lynch syndrome performed a quantitative FIT before high-quality surveillance colonoscopy. Diagnostic performance of FIT at various thresholds ≤20 μg Hb/g feces was assessed for relevant neoplasia, including advanced neoplasia (CRC, advanced adenomas [AAs] and advanced serrated lesions [ASLs]) and non-advanced adenomas (NAAs).

RESULTS:
Of the 217 included individuals (59% female, median age 51 years), 4 had CRC, 5 AA, 4 ASL, and 57 NAA as most relevant neoplasia. The lowest FIT positivity threshold (2.5 μg Hb/g feces, 14% positivity rate) maximized detection: 4/4 CRCs, 4/5 AA, 1/4 ASL, and 9/57 NAA were detected, resulting in a sensitivity and negative predictive value of, respectively, 89% and 99% for CRC plus AA, 69% and 97% for advanced neoplasia, and 26% and 72% for all relevant neoplasia (91% specificity for all groups). At equal sensitivity and negative predictive value, specificity for advanced neoplasia optimized to 94% at threshold 4.1 μg/g. Per 100 FITs at threshold 4.1 μg/g, 11 individuals would test positive and thus proceed to colonoscopy, 2 individuals with advanced neoplasia would be missed and 3 individuals would need colonoscopy to detect 1 advanced neoplasia.

DISCUSSION:
FIT at thresholds ≤4.1 μg Hb/g feces may be a promising strategy to postpone colonoscopy in approximately 9 of 10 individuals with Lynch syndrome. Large validation studies that also provide gene variant-specific outcomes should be prioritized.
Eisenstein degeneration of Euler systems
Authors: Loeffler David , Rivero Salgado Oscar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We discuss the theory of Coleman families interpolating critical-slope Eisenstein series.
We apply it to study degeneration phenomena at the level of Euler systems.
In particular, this allows us to prove relations between Kato elements, Beilinson–Flach classes and diagonal cycles, and also between Heegner cycles and elliptic units.
We expect that this method could be extended to construct new instances of Euler systems.
Ding stability and Kähler–Einstein metrics on manifolds with big anticanonical class
Authors: Dervan Ruadhaí , Reboulet Rémi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe introduce a notion of uniform Ding stability for a projective manifold with big anticanonical class, and prove that the existence of a unique Kähler–Einstein metric on such a manifold implies uniform Ding stability. The main new techniques are to develop a general theory of Deligne functionals – and corresponding slope formulas – for singular metrics, and to prove a slope formula for the Ding functional in the big setting. This extends work of Berman in the Fano situation, when the anticanonical class is actually ample, and proves one direction of the analogue of the Yau–Tian–Donaldson conjecture in this setting. We also speculate about the relevance of uniform Ding stability and K-stability to moduli in the big setting.
Recent progress in properties and application of antibacterial food packaging materials based on polyvinyl alcohol
Authors: Jiang Jingxian , Zhang Weiran , Yi Xijian , Lei Qin , Liao Yuru , Tan Yimin , Yu Wenxi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is well-known for its excellent mechanical properties and eco-friendliness in food packaging. Recently, PVA has gained significant attention in research due to its potential as antibacterial substrates. However, because of its high hydrophilicity, practical application of pure PVA film has been limited by low water resistance and rapid bacterial growth in humid conditions. Diverse effective strategies have been developed to decrease hydrophilicity and endow films with antibacterial properties. This review provides an overview of universal antibacterial agents and their functions in PVA-based packaging films. It also introduces the changes in the mechanical and physical properties of PVA-based films after adding antibacterial agents. Additionally, the release behavior of antibacterial agents in PVA-based film materials and their practical applications in the food industry is discussed in fresh food packaging. Biodegradability of PVA-based films is also mentioned, with a promising future for more effective and eco-friendly food packaging materials.
Possible impact of construction activities around a permanent GNSS station – A time series analysis
Authors: Aarnes Per Helge , Øvstedal Ola , Rost Christian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this article, we address the potential effects of construction activities around a permanent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) station. The study is based on a consistent time series of GNSS observations collected over a span of almost 13 years and comprises an analysis in both observation and coordinate domains. The analysis in the observation domain revealed a significant increase of the code multipath for the C1C signal of GPS and GLONASS. In terms of standard deviations the values increased by 37 and 31%, respectively. No significant increase was observed for other signals. Interestingly, the analysis showed that the Galileo E5 AltBOC signal outperformed the other signals in distinguishing direct from indirect signals. In the coordinate domain, the relative GNSS solution results demonstrated an increase in root mean square error for the eastern component during the same period. Noteworthy, the observed increase in both domains coincided with the period of the highest level of construction activity around the GNSS station. These findings suggest that the construction activity near the station impacted the quality of GNSS observations and that the Galileo E5 AltBOC signal was better at compensating for local changes than other signals.
Preinduction cervical ripening in an outpatient setting: a prospective pilot study of a synthetic osmotic dilator compared with a double-balloon catheter
Authors: Koenigbauer Josefine Theresia , Kummer Julia , Malan Marcel , Simon Luisa Maria , Hellmeyer Lars , Kyvernitakis Ioannis , Maul Hoger , Wohlmuth Peter , Rath Werner 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To compare the effectiveness, safety and patient satisfaction of a double balloon catheter (DB) with a synthetic osmotic cervical dilator (OD) for pre-induction cervical ripening in an outpatient setting.

Methods
This is a prospective, dual-center pilot study including 94 patients with an unripe cervix (Bishop Score <6) near term; 50 patients received the DB and 44 patients the OD. The primary outcomes were the difference in BishopScore (BS) and cervical shortening. Pain perception at insertion and during the cervical ripening period was evaluated by a visual analogue scale and patient satisfaction by a predefined questionnaire.

Results
The use of DB was associated with a significantly higher increase in BS (median 3) compared to OD (median 2; p=0.002) and resulted in significantly greater cervical shortening (median −14 mm vs. −9 mm; p=0.003). There were no serious adverse events at placement of devices or during the cervical ripening. There were no significant differences in perinatal outcomes. Pain perception during cervical ripening was significantly higher (p<0.001), and patient satisfaction regarding sleep, relaxing time and performing desired daily activities were significantly lower in patients with DB compared to patients with OD (p<0.001).

Conclusions
DB was superior to OD regarding cervical ripening based on BS and on sonographic measurement of the cervical length. Patients with OD experienced less pain during cervical ripening and were more satisfied with the method compared to patients with DB.
Solving multi-point problem for Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations using Dzhumabaev parameterization method
Authors: Bakirova Elmira A. , Assanova Anar T. , Kadirbayeva Zhazira M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, a multipoint boundary value problem for Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations is considered. The addition of a new function converts the system of Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations to a system of Fredholm integro-differential equations. In contrast to the original problem, the dimension of a Fredholm integro-differential equation is determined by the number of matrices in the degenerate kernel of the Volterra integral. A numerical algorithm of Dzhumabaev parameterization method for addressing a multipoint boundary value problem for Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations is proposed. The main advantage of the proposed method is splitting the problem into auxiliary Cauchy problems for ordinary differential equations and a system of algebraic equations with respect to the parameters. The conditions for the unique solvability of the multipoint boundary value problem for Fredholm integro-differential equations are established. Finally, various numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the efficiency and correctness of the suggested technique.
Significance of 3D rectangular closed domain filled with charged particles and nanoparticles engaging finite element methodology
Authors: Hou Enran , Nazir Umar , Sohail Muhammad , Abdeljawad Thabet 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article aims to use passive flow control to analyze the transportation of heat, mass, and charged particles toward a 3D plate. The current problem offers a novel exploration of the flexible domain of non-Newtonian materials, which are well known for their wide range of applications in the engineering and industrial domains. The current study explores the complex dynamics of heat and mass transfer in a fluid that flows over an elongating sheet. The motion of the nanofluid on the surface is caused by the stretching of the 3D plate. The suspension of mixtures of tetra-hybrid nanoparticles can enhance thermal performance and cooling mechanism. Moreover, the 3D model includes modeling of multiple important parameters, such as heat source, thermal radiation, and Hall and Ion slip effects, in Cartesian coordinates for a three-dimensional stretched plate. This comprehensive analysis of various effects offers a new perspective to the field. Partial differential equations represent the emergent phenomena in the problem formulation process. It was estimated that an enhancement of charged particles and motion regarding nanoparticles is enhanced versus an enhancement of charged particles. With the greater power law index, suction, and Weissenberg number, the acceleration of nanoparticles is enhanced.
LHCGR inactivating variants: single center experience and systematic review of phenotype-genotype of 46,XY and 46,XX patients
Authors: Barnabas Rohit , Jadhav Swati , Lila Anurag Ranjan , Kusuma Boddu Sirisha , Memon Saba Samad , Arya Sneha , Hegishte Samiksha Chandrashekhar , Karlekar Manjiri , Patil Virendra A , Sarathi Vijaya , Shah Nalini S , Bandgar Tushar 
Published: August 2024

Background
The data on Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) resulting from biallelic Luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) inactivating variants is limited to case series.

Methods
We aim to describe our patients and perform systematic review of the patients with LHCGR inactivating variants in the literature. Detailed phenotype and genotype data of three patients from our centre and 85 (46,XY: 67; 46,XX: 18) patients from 59 families with LHCGR-inactivating variants from literature were described.

Results
Three 46,XY patients (age 6–18 years) from our center, with two reared as females, had two novel variants in LHCGR. Systematic review (including our patients) revealed 72 variants in 88 patients. 46,XY patients (n = 70, 56 raised as females) presented with pubertal delay (n = 41) or atypical genitalia (n = 17). Sinnecker score ≥3 (suggesting antenatal human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) inaction) was seen in 80% (56/70), and hCG-stimulated testosterone was low (<1.1 ng/mL) in 77.4% (24/31), whereas puberty/postpubertal age, high luteinizing hormone (LH) (97.6%, 41/42) and low (<1.0 ng/mL) basal testosterone (94.9%, 37/39) was observed in most. Follicle stimulating hormone was elevated in 21/51 of these patients. Variants with <10% receptor function were exclusively seen in cohorts with Sinnecker 4/5 (10/15 vs 0/5, P = 0.033). 46,XX patients (n = 18) presented with oligo/amenorrhea and/or anovulatory infertility and had polycystic ovaries (7/9) with median LH of 10 IU/L (1.2–38).

Conclusion
In summary, this study comprehensively characterizes LHCGR variants, revealing genotype-phenotype correlations and informing clinical management of LCH. In 46,XY LCH patients, pubertal LH inaction is uniform with variable severity of antenatal hCG inaction. Few mutant LHCGR have differential actions for LH and hCG.
Reflecting on a decade of Canadian food studies
Authors: Engler-Stringer Rachel , Godin Laurence , Levkoe Charles Z. , Moyer Alexia , Szanto David 
Published: August 2024

In this editorial, the Management Team of Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l’alimentation (CFS/RCÉA) looks back across the history of the journal and towards its future. They collectively reflect on the journal’s ethos, its range of publications, and what the future might hold in an effort to promote rigorous scholarship done differently.
Initiating or Switching to Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in the Philippines
Authors: Nicodemus Jr. Nemencio , Ang-Golangco Nerissa , Aquitania Grace , Ardeña Gregory Joseph Ryan , Dampil Oliver Allan , Fernando Richard Elwyn , Flor Nicole-Therese , Kho Sjoberg , Matawaran Bien , Mirasol Roberto , Panelo Araceli , Pasaporte Francis , Puno-Rocamora Mercerose , Shoeb Ahsan , Tolentino Marsha 
Published: August 2024

Objectives. Blood glucose levels of the majority of Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain uncontrolled. Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is a fixed‑ratio co-formulation of the long‑acting basal insulin degludec and the rapid-acting prandial insulin aspart. The real-world ARISE (A Ryzodeg® Initiation and Switch Effectiveness) study investigated clinical outcomes across six countries in people with T2D who initiated IDegAsp. This publication presents the clinical outcomes of the Filipino cohort from a subgroup analysis of the ARISE study.
Methodology. This 26-week, open-label, non-interventional study examined outcomes in adults with T2D initiating or switching to IDegAsp (N=185) from other antidiabetic treatments per local clinical guidance.
Results. Compared with baseline, there was a significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin at the end of study (EOS) (estimated difference [ED] −1.4% [95% confidence interval −1.7, −1.1]; P<0.0001). Fasting plasma glucose (ED −46.1 mg/dL [−58.2, −34.0]; P<0.0001) and body weight (ED −1.0 kg [−2.0, −0.1]; P=0.028) were significantly reduced at EOS compared with baseline. IDegAsp was associated with a decrease in the incidence of self-reported healthcare resource utilization. Adverse events were reported in eight (4.3%) participants.
Conclusions. Initiating or switching to IDegAsp was associated with improved glycemic control, lower body weight, and lower HRU for people with T2D in the Philippines. No new, unexpected AEs were reported.