bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Flipped Classroom: Fertile Ground for Nursing Education Research
Authors: Bernard Jean S. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn the flipped classroom (FC) students view pre-recorded lectures or complete pre-class assignments to learn foundational concepts. Class time involves problem-solving and application activities that cultivate higher-level cognitive skills. A systematic, analytical literature review was conducted to explore the FC’s current state of the science within higher education. Examination of this model’s definition and measures of student performance, student and faculty perceptions revealed an ill-defined educational approach. Few studies confirmed FC effectiveness; many lacked rigorous design, randomized samples, or control of extraneous variables. Few researchers conducted longitudinal studies to determine sufficiently trends related to FC practice. This study proves relevant to nurse educators transitioning from traditional teaching paradigms to learner-centered models, and provides insight from faculty teaching across disciplines around the world. It reveals pertinent findings and identifies current knowledge gaps that call for further inquiry.
DBSCANI: Noise-Resistant Method for Missing Value Imputation
Authors: Purwar Archana , Singh Sandeep Kumar 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe quality of data is an important task in the data mining. The validity of mining algorithms is reduced if data is not of good quality. The quality of data can be assessed in terms of missing values (MV) as well as noise present in the data set. Various imputation techniques have been studied in MV study, but little attention has been given on noise in earlier work. Moreover, to the best of knowledge, no one has used density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) clustering for MV imputation. This paper proposes a novel technique density-based imputation (DBSCANI) built on density-based clustering to deal with incomplete values in the presence of noise. Density-based clustering algorithm proposed by Kriegal groups the objects according to their density in spatial data bases. The high-density regions are known as clusters, and the low-density regions refer to the noise objects in the data set. A lot of experiments have been performed on the Iris data set from life science domain and Jain’s (2D) data set from shape data sets. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE) as well as it is compared with existing K-means imputation (KMI). Results show that our method is more noise resistant than KMI on data sets used under study.
Influence of the body weight on the onset and progression of puberty in boys
Authors: Tomova Analia , Robeva Ralitsa , Kumanov Philip 
Published: July 2015

AbstractUnlike in girls, the data on the relationship between pubertal development and body weight in boys are controversial.We measured the height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), pubic hair stages, testicular volume, penis length and circumference of 4030 boys, aged between 7 and 19 years. According to their body weight, the investigated children and adolescents were divided in four groups at each age: underweight boys (BMI <12th percentile), boys with normal weight (12th–84.99th percentile), overweight boys (85th–94.99th percentile) and boys with obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile), and their data were compared.The onset of puberty occurred when the boys’ weight gained 40.33±9.03 kg (median 39.00) and BMI was 18.62±3.12 kg/mThe onset and progression of puberty in boys are in a significant positive relationship with weight and BMI. Moreover, in the overweight boys pubertal development begins and comes to the late stage earlier in comparison with normal weight children, whereas in those who are underweight a delay at every stage of the development is observed.
Commissive and Expressive Illocutionary Acts in Political Discourse
Authors: Mišić Ilić Biljana , Radulović Milica 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPolitical discourse is primarily identified as political action, the discourse of deliberating which course of action to follow in accordance with specific political goals (Fairclough and Fairclough 2012: 1). A pragmatic analysis of various sub-genres of political discourse can identify the preference for particular speech acts. The first aim of this paper is to analyze commissive and expressive illocutionary acts in political speeches, as indicators of personal involvement of political speakers, notorious for vagueness and avoiding commitment. A corpus of Serbian, American and British political speeches that address the issue of economic standard of living has been examined to identify commissive illocutionary acts as indicators of politicians’ explicit commitment to a chosen course of action, and expressive illocutionary acts as indicators of politicians’ explicit attitudes to their own or other politicians’ chosen practices. The analysis classifies subtypes of commissives and expressives in the corpus and identifies illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs) that constitute them in English and in Serbian, after which the resulting classifications are compared and contrasted. The research results are aimed at explaining the hypothesis that a specific use/lack of commissives and expressives can be the politician’s strategy for adding credibility to their speeches, and in that way, swaying public opinion to serve the politician’s interest; conversely, establishing the relation between the use/lack of these illocutionary acts and the politician’s commitment to actions can be a method for exposing the politician’s lack of credibility and accountability.
Affordances and constraints: Second language learning in cleaning work
Authors: Strömmer Maiju 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper examines opportunities for language learning in a cleaning job, which is a typical entry-level job for immigrants. An ethnographic case study approach is taken to investigate examples of the conditions that allow or prevent language learning for the focal participant, a sub-Saharan man who works as a cleaner in Finland. This case illustrates on a micro-scale the impact of the new economy on a worker in a company that has outsourced its cleaning services. Theoretically and methodologically, the study applies van Lier’s (
A Peircean typology of cultural prime symbols: Culture as category
Authors: Bonta Steven 
Published: July 2015

AbstractOswald Spengler first showed that every macroculture can be conceived of as an accretion of signs representing in various contexts a single abstract Prime Symbol. But this semiotic model of culture is not confined to the so-called “great civilizations”; it is applicable to every culture. In seeking a typology of Prime Symbols (and hence, a semiotic typology of cultures), we show that that the Peircean Categories Firstness, Secondness, and Thirdness (including the “degenerate” Categories Firstness of Secondness, Firstness of Thirdness, and Secondness of Thirdness) are exemplified in the great range of cultural semiotic types, and that, because of their universality and generality, these Categories are the best semiotic lens through which cultural Prime Symbols can be understood.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Musca domestica to Reveal Key Genes of the Prophenoloxidase-Activating System
Authors: Li Dianxiang , Liang Yongli , Wang Xianwei , Wang Lei , Qi Mei , Yu Yang , Luan Yuanyuan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The proPO system regulates melanization in arthropods. However, the genes that are involved in the proPO system in housefly Musca domestica remain unclear. Thus, this study analyzed the combined transcriptome obtained from M. domestica larvae, pupae, and adults that were either normal or bacteria-challenged by an Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus mixture. A total of 54,821,138 clean reads (4.93 Gb) were yielded by Illumina sequencing, which were de novo assembled into 89,842 unigenes. Of the 89,842 unigenes, based on a similarity search with known genes in other insects, 24 putative genes related to the proPO system were identified. Eight of the identified genes encoded for peptidoglycan recognition receptors, two encoded for prophenoloxidases, three encoded for prophenoloxidase-activating enzymes, and 11 encoded for serine proteinase inhibitors. The expression levels of these identified genes were investigated by qRT-PCR assay, which were consistent with expected activation process of the proPO system, and their activation functions were confirmed by the measurement of phenoloxidase activity in bacteria-infected larvae after proPO antibody blockage, suggesting these candidate genes might have potentially different roles in the activation of proPO system. Collectively, this study has provided the comprehensive transcriptomic data of an insect and some fundamental basis toward achieving understanding of the activation mechanisms and immune functions of the proPO system in M. domestica.
Targeted Modification of Gene Function Exploiting Homology-Directed Repair of TALEN-Mediated Double-Strand Breaks in Barley
Authors: Budhagatapalli Nagaveni , Rutten Twan , Gurushidze Maia , Kumlehn Jochen , Hensel Goetz 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Transcription activator-like effector nucleases open up new opportunities for targeted mutagenesis in eukaryotic genomes. Similar to zinc-finger nucleases, sequence-specific DNA-binding domains can be fused with effector domains like the nucleolytically active part of FokI to induce double-strand breaks and thereby modify the host genome on a predefined target site via nonhomologous end joining. More sophisticated applications of programmable endonucleases involve the use of a DNA repair template facilitating homology-directed repair (HDR) so as to create predefined rather than random DNA sequence modifications. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of editing the barley genome by precisely modifying a defined target DNA sequence resulting in a predicted alteration of gene function. We used gfp-specific transcription activator-like effector nucleases along with a repair template that, via HDR, facilitates conversion of gfp into yfp, which is associated with a single amino acid exchange in the gene product. As a result of co-bombardment of leaf epidermis, we detected yellow fluorescent protein accumulation in about three of 100 mutated cells. The creation of a functional yfp gene via HDR was unambiguously confirmed by sequencing of the respective genomic site. In addition to the allele conversion accomplished in planta, a readily screenable marker system is introduced that might be useful for optimization approaches in the field of genome editing.
The Genetic Map Enters Its Second Century
Authors: Henikoff Steven 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The Genetics Society of America (GSA) Medal is awarded to an individual for outstanding contributions to the field of genetics in the past 15 years. Recipients of the GSA Medal are recognized for elegant and highly meaningful contributions to modern genetics and exemplify the ingenuity of GSA members. The 2015 recipient is Steven Henikoff, whose achievements include major contributions to Drosophila genetics and epigenetics, Arabidopsis genetics and epigenetics, population and evolutionary genetics, genomic technologies, computational biology, and transcription and chromatin biology. Among these achievements, Henikoff elucidated the mechanism for position-effect variegation, revealed a central role for variant histones in nucleosome assembly at active genes, and provided new insights into genome evolution. He has also developed widely used computational tools for genome and protein analysis and new strategies for mapping chromatin-binding sites.
Science Translator: An Interview with Louisa Stark
Authors: Stark Louisa A 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The Genetics Society of America’s Elizabeth W. Jones Award for Excellence in Education recognizes significant and sustained impact on genetics education. The 2015 awardee, Louisa Stark, has made a major impact on global access to genetics education through her work as director of the University of Utah Genetic Science Learning Center. The Center’s Learn.Genetics and Teach.Genetics websites are the most widely used online genetic education resources in the world. In 2014, they were visited by 18 million students, educators, scientists, and members of the public. With over 60 million page views annually, Learn.Genetics is among the most used sites on the Web.
Sarcoidosis pulmonar e hiliar: Presentación de un caso y revisión del tema
Authors: Irigoyen Daniel , Brenes Piedra Luis Miguel , Morelos de Carvallo Ingrid , Molina Erick 
Published: July 2015

<p>La sarcoidosis es considerada una enfermedad rara en Costa Rica. Las manifestaciones pulmonares son la forma mas frecuente de presentación. Para el diagnóstico se requiere un cuadro clínico característico, con la demostración histológica de granulomas no caseificantes, descartando otra enfermedad que explique los hallazgos. El tratamiento no está aún estandarizado, en general, se escogerá en función de la severidad y extensión de la enfermedad, mientras que algunos pacientes no requerirán terapia, habrá un grupo significativo que si la ameritará. Los corticoides representan el mejor tratamiento inicial, utilizándose cada día más los agentes ahorradores de esteroides y en casos refractarios, terapia biológica. Se presenta un caso de una paciente con sarcoidosis pulmonar sintomática y una discusión sobre las principales características de esta entidad y su terapeútica</p>
Tod zweier Stuten mit Retentio secundinarum
Authors: Czerwonka N. , Schröder S. , Böhm J. , Wehrend A. , Treupel E. 
Published: July 2015

ZusammenfassungDie Nachgeburtsverhaltung der Stute ist eine relativ häufige Erkrankung, die zu schweren Komplikationen führen kann. In dieser Kasuistik werden zwei Fälle beschrieben, bei denen Stuten mit Nachgeburtsverhaltung trotz Intensivtherapie akut verstarben. In der pathologischen Untersuchung konnten bei beiden Tieren schwere Blutungen als Ursache festgestellt werden.
Vergleich neuartiger Infrarotwärmeplatten mit konventionellen Warmwasserplatten als Ausrüstung für Ferkelnester im Abferkelstall
Authors: Strauch-Sürken L. , Wendt M. 
Published: July 2015

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel: In einem konventionellen Ferkelerzeugerbetrieb wurden neuartige Infrarot(IR)-Wärmeplatten für Saugferkel auf ihre Praxistauglichkeit und Vergleichbarkeit mit herkömmlichen Warmwasser(WW)-Platten untersucht. Material und Methoden: In die Auswertung gingen 134 Würfe (Sommer n = 82, Winter n = 52) ein, deren Ferkelnester mit IR-Platten (ohne/mit Abdeckung, Gruppe 1 und 2) oder mit WW-Platten (ohne/ mit Abdeckung, Gruppe 3 und 4) ausgerüstet waren. Verglichen wurde der Einfluss auf die Wundheilung nach Kastration und Schwanzkupieren sowie auf die Nabelrückbildung und die Gewichtsentwicklung der Saugferkel. Ein weiterer geprüfter Parameter war die Liegezeit im Bereich der Ferkelnester. Zur Geburt wurde die Gesäugeplatzierung bei den Sauen erfasst (zur Wärmeplatte hin/weg). Ferner erfolgte ein Vergleich von Energieverbrauch und -kosten. Ergebnisse: Bei Ferkeln, deren Liegeflächen mit IR-Platten ausgerüstet waren, heilten die Kastrationswunden und die Schwänze nach dem Kupieren besser ab als bei den Ferkeln auf den WW-Platten. Die besten Ergebnisse zeigten sich bei IR-Platten mit Abdeckung. Auch für die Nabelrückbildung ergaben sich signifikante Vorteile bei Nutzung der IR-Platten. Die Gewichtsentwicklung der Ferkel auf IR-Platten war im Sommer tendenziell besser, im Winter bestanden keine Unterschiede. Generell sank mit zunehmendem Alter der Ferkel der Anteil der Liegezeit auf allen Platten, im Winter war der Anteil höher als im Sommer. Zur Geburt bevorzugten 74,6% aller Sauen die Nähe des Gesäuges zur Wärmequelle. Bei IR-Platten richteten die Sauen ihr Gesäuge jedoch signifikant häufiger zur Wärmeplatte hin aus. Der Energieverbrauch (kWh) pro Wurf war bei IR-Platten (Strom) im Sommer und Winter niedriger als bei den WW-Platten (Gas). Die Energiekosten dagegen waren im Sommer vergleichbar, im Winter für die IR-Platten höher. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: IR-Strahlung von Wärmeplatten hat einen positiven Einfluss auf die Abheilung von Wunden nach Kastration und Schwanzkupieren sowie die Nabelrückbildung der Ferkel und beeinflusst das Liegeverhalten der Sau zur Geburt. Trotz niedrigeren Energieverbrauchs der IR-Platten ist betriebsindividuell zu prüfen, welches System sich rentiert.
Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrodes in neutral and alkaline environments containing interfering ions
Authors: Seguí Femenias Yurena , Angst Ueli , Caruso Francesco , Elsener Bernhard 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Chloride ingress can lead to serious degradation of various materials and structures. Continuous measurements of local chloride concentrations is thus of uttermost importance for laboratory research, monitoring of structures, and predictions of the residual life span for the most common building materials. This work investigates the applicability of Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrodes for the non-destructive continuous measurement of local chloride concentrations in concrete and stone when exposed to chloride-bearing environments such as seawater. The work studies the stability of Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrodes in neutral and alkaline solutions and the sensitivity to the main interfering ions coming from the environment and from the material itself. The results indicate negligible interference from fluoride, sulfate, and hydroxyl but considerable from bromide and sulfide. In chloride-free alkaline solutions, Ag/AgCl ion-selective electrodes are not stable over time, but—upon chloride arrival—they permit again reliable measurements of the chloride concentration. The results concerning interference are discussed by taking into account typical exposure environments and it is concluded that the ion-selective electrodes can satisfactorily be used to monitor chloride concentrations in built structures made out of concrete or stone.
O registro sanitário de medicamentos e as políticas de saúde
Authors: Bieber Luís Bernardo Delgado 
Published: July 2015

A legislação sanitária vigente no Brasil, embora se preste a cumprir os propósitos de garantir a qualidade, a eficácia e a segurança dos medicamentos colocados no mercado, não basta para defender o interesse público relativo à implementação da política de assistência farmacêutica. Não há norma que garanta a continuidade da produção e da distribuição do medicamento de interesse das políticas públicas de saúde após o fim da validade do seu registro. A partir do registro de medicamentos, a agência reguladora (vigilância sanitária) teria uma contribuição especial às políticas de saúde e, em especial à política de medicamentos, se procedesse a um verdadeiro enfrentamento dos interesses econômicos empresariais que, com não rara frequência, sobrepõem-se aos interesses da população. O artigo revisa a legislação e a doutrina sobre a matéria, concluído pela necessidade de articulação das ações de assistência farmacêutica com as de vigilância sanitária como mais um instrumento na luta pela garantia do acesso ao medicamento, e que a legislação referente ao registro de medicamentos confere às empresas reguladas um protagonismo incoerente com a nova ordem sanitária constitucional quanto às decisões relativas aos medicamentos que serão disponibilizados no mercado ou dele retirados. O autor defende que, no entanto, existem disposições constitucionais e legais que fundamentam suficientemente uma atuação mais incisiva do Estado na defesa do interesse público e da continuidade de suas políticas de saúde.
Nasal Provocation Test is Useful for Discriminating Allergic, Nonallergic, and Local Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Jang Tae Young , Kim Young Hyo 
Published: July 2015

Background No standard study protocol or diagnostic criteria based on nasal provocation test (NPT) and acoustic rhinometry (AR) results are available for allergic rhinitis. Objective We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of NPT plus AR for the differential diagnosis of local allergic rhinitis (LAR), allergic, and nonallergic rhinitis. Methods The medical records and skin-prick test (SPT) and NPT results of 262 patients with symptoms of chronic rhinitis were reviewed. Patients were allocated to one of three groups, that is, group A [n = 110, negative SPT result for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP)], group B (n = 53, weakly positive result), or group C (n = 99, strongly positive result). Results Twelve patients had a negative SPT result and provoked response in NPT [29% decrease of minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) after DP challenge] were diagnosed to have LAR. After DP challenge, group C showed significant aggravation of nasal symptoms and a greater decrease in acoustic parameters than groups A and B (p < 0.01). In patients with a more than or equal to 2 visual analog scale (VAS) increase in nasal obstruction (NO) after DP challenge, the criterion “a change of total nasal symptom score (TNSS) of more than or equal to 6.5” had 90.6% sensitivity and 77.4% specificity for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, whereas the diagnostic criterion “a total nasal volume (TNV) change at 30 minutes after DP challenge of more than or equal to 27.6%” had 73.4% sensitivity and 58.1% specificity. Conclusion NPT with AR could be a useful tool for the differential diagnosis of allergic, nonallergic, and local allergic rhinitis.
Validation of a Clinical Test of Thoracolumbar Dissociation in Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Elgueta-Cancino Edith , Schabrun Siobhan , Danneels Lieven , van den Hoorn Wolbert , Hodges Paul 
Published: July 2015

Study Design Clinical test validation. Objectives Preliminary study of concurrent and discriminant validity of a clinical test of thoracolumbar dissociation. Background Control deficits of back muscles and trunk movement are common in chronic/recurrent low back pain (LBP). A reliable clinical test to rate an individual's ability to dissociate lumbopelvic movement from the thoracolumbar region has been described. This test rates the performance quality of 5 key aspects against criterion standards. Methods Concurrent validity was examined by comparison of clinical test scores (overall score and each individual criterion) against spine kinematics. Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparison of scores between pain-free controls and participants with LBP. A receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to determine the optimal cutoff or score to differentiate between good and poor performers. Results Concurrent validity was supported by the significant correlation between the total score and motion of the T5 vertebra relative to the S1 vertebra (P<.05). Scores for some (4 correlations of 14 measures) but not all individual criteria were correlated with the kinematic features that each criterion was expected to reflect. Discriminant validity was supported by higher test scores for pain-free controls than for participants with LBP after 2 minutes of training (P = .045). Scores of less than 5.5 were more prevalent in the LBP group (pretraining LBP versus control, 72% versus 35%; P = .008; posttraining LBP versus control, 48% versus 16%; P = .018). Conclusion This preliminary study of concurrent and discriminant validity of the test provides a foundation to further investigate its utility to characterize thoracolumbar movement patterns in individuals with LBP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(9):703–712. Epub 9 Jul 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5590