bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Propargylic Sulfides: Synthesis, Properties, and Application
Authors: Vizer Svetlana A. , Sycheva Elena S. , Al Quntar Abed Al Aziz , Kurmankulov Nurzhan B. , Yerzhanov Kazbek B. , Dembitsky Valery M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractReview: 333 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From α‐Nucleophiles to Functionalized Aggregates: Exploring the Reactivity of Hydroxamate Ion Towards Esterolytic Reactions in Micelles
Authors: Singh Namrata , Karpichev Yevgen , Sharma Rahul , Gupta Bhanushree , Sahu Arvind K. , Satnami Manmohan L. , Ghosh Kallol K. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractReview: [98 refs.
Energy‐efficient CPU frequency control for the Linux system
Authors: Karpowicz Michał P. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryEfficiency of energy usage in computing systems improves, however, still not at the rate matching the climbing demand for computing capacity. To address this urging problem, computing elements of the latest generation, that is, CPUs/graphics processing units, memory units, and network interface cards, have been designed to operate in multiple modes with differentiated energy consumption levels. Mode switching and high‐frequency performance monitoring functions have also been exposed by co‐designed abstract programming interfaces. The challenge of energy‐efficient computing is to develop hardware control mechanisms taking advantage of the new capabilities. This paper aims at giving an insight into the structure of optimal energy‐aware CPU frequency scaling rules. It gives a characterization of solutions to the optimal control problem of energy‐efficient real‐time packet inspection performed by a Linux server. A class of CPU frequency switching rules, exploiting dynamic voltage and frequency scaling mechanisms, is constructed based on experimentally identified model of server operations. The control rules are demonstrated to outperform the default CPU frequency scaling governor for the Linux kernel, both in terms of achievable power savings and service quality. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protic Salts of High Nitrogen Content as Versatile Precursors for Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Anion Effect on the Structure, Properties, and Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhao Huifang , Hu Zhijun , Chen Hua , Zhang Xuejin , Huang Qi , Wo Qizhong , Zhang Shiguo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractGraphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) is traditionally obtained by thermal polycondensation of nitrogen‐rich organic nonionic precursors. Herein, we provide a new and simple strategy for the synthesis of g‐C3N4 through direct thermal condensation of single protic guanidine salts with various anions. The thermal condensation process, and the structure and photophysical properties (optical properties, thermal stabilities, morphology and porosity, and photocatalytic activity) of the obtained g‐C3N4 materials are investigated intensively through thermogravimetric analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption isotherms, and photodegradation of Rhodamine B. The results reveal that during thermal condensation, the nitrogen‐rich basic core in the guanidine salts serves as a carbon and nitrogen source to form the skeleton of g‐C3N4, and the counter anions mediate the thermal condensation in situ and modify slightly the structure and properties of g‐C3N4, even though they are not incorporated into the final structure. Among all g‐C3N4 materials, including the pristine g‐C3N4 from melamine, the g‐C3N4 derived from guanidine thiocyanate exhibits a high activity toward the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye because of its relatively high surface area, enhanced absorption, small bandgap, and low photoluminescence intensity.
Hydrogen Bonding and Anticancer Properties of Water‐Soluble Chiral p‐Cymene RuII Compounds with Amino‐Oxime Ligands
Authors: Benabdelouahab Yosra , Muñoz‐Moreno Laura , Frik Malgorzata , de la Cueva‐Alique Isabel , El Amrani Mohammed Amin , Contel María , Bajo Ana M. , Cuenca Tomás , Royo Eva 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn investigation into the effects of hydrogen bonding on the aggregation tendency of ruthenium compounds [(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(κNHR,κNOH)Cl]Cl {R = Ph (1a), Bn (1b)} and [(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(κ2NH(2‐pic),κNOH)][PF6]2 (1c), [(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(κNHBn,κNO)Cl] (2b), and [(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(κNBn,κ2NO)] (3b) has been performed by means of concentration‐dependence 1H NMR chemical shift and DOSY experiments. The synthesis and full characterization of new compounds 1c, [(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(κNPh,κ2NO)] (3a) and 3b are also reported. The effect of the water‐soluble ruthenium complexes 1a–c on cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and cell migration of the androgen‐independent prostate cancer PC3 cells have been assessed by MTT, adhesion to type‐I‐collagen, and recovery of monolayer wounds assays, respectively. Interactions of 1a–c with DNA and human serum albumin have also been studied. Together, the properties reported herein suggest that ruthenium compounds 1a–c have considerable potential as anticancer agents against advanced prostate cancer.
Presence of hyperalgesia predicts analgesic efficacy of topically applied capsaicin 8% in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain
Authors: Mainka T. , Malewicz N.M. , Baron R. , Enax‐Krumova E.K. , Treede R.‐D. , Maier C. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundTopical high‐dose capsaicin acting on TRPV1 receptors and inducing an intraepidermal decrease in the small nerve fibre count is effective in treating neuropathic pain (NP). Sensory changes after capsaicin application, their correlation with pain relief and their role as possible predictors of response have been insufficiently analysed. We hypothesized a positive correlation between pain relief and increase in the warmth detection threshold (WDT), indicating loss of C‐fibre function, and higher response rates in patients with preserved C‐fibre function or heat hyperalgesia before application.MethodsQuantitative Sensory Testing (DFNS protocol) was conducted in 20 unilaterally treated patients with peripheral NP (peripheral nerve injury: n = 14, polyneuropathy: n = 4, postherpetic neuralgia: n = 2) before and 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after application of capsaicin (8%) in this open‐label study. Response was defined as ≥30% or ≥2 (Numeric Rating Scale: 0–10) decrease of current pain at any follow‐up compared to baseline.ResultsIn all patients, WDT significantly increased 8 weeks after capsaicin application, but did not correlate with pain relief in responders (n = 10, r = 0.179, p = 0.141). Before treatment, responders showed significantly higher z‐values for the cold (CPT, +0.7 ± 1.1 vs. −0.4 ± 0.9) and mechanical pain threshold (MPT; 0.7 ± 2.5 vs. −1.2 ± 1.3), but did not differ from non‐responders regarding WDT or heat pain threshold. A sum of the z‐values for CPT and MPT >0.8 before treatment identified responders with 100% specificity and 70% sensitivity.ConclusionsEfficacy of capsaicin does not correlate with the induced loss of function of small fibres, measured by QST. Presence of cold and pinprick hyperalgesia seems to be predictive of response to capsaicin (8%).
Salinity and dissolved organic carbon both affect copper toxicity in mussel larvae: Copper speciation or competition cannot explain everything
Authors: Deruytter David , Vandegehuchte Michiel B. , Garrevoet Jan , De Laender Frederik , Vergucht Eva , Delbeke Katrien , Blust Ronny , De Schamphelaere Karel A.C. , Vincze Laszlo , Janssen Colin R. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Predicting copper (Cu) toxicity in marine and estuarine environments is challenging because of the influence of anions on Cu speciation, competition between Cu2+ and other cations at the biotic ligand and the effect of salinity on the physiology of the organism. In the present study the combined effect of salinity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on Cu toxicity to larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis was assessed. Two statistical models were developed and used to elucidate the relationship between Cu toxicity, salinity, and DOC. All models based on dissolved Cu indicate a decrease in Cu toxicity with increasing DOC concentrations, which can partly be explained by complexation of Cu2+ ions with DOC. These models also indicate an increase in Cu toxicity (modeled with dissolved Cu or Cu2+ activity) with increasing salinity, suggesting a salinity-induced alteration in the physiology of the mussel larvae. When based on Cu body burdens, neither of the models indicates an effect of salinity or DOC. This shows that the Cu body burden is a more constant predictor of Cu toxicity, regardless of the water chemistry influencing Cu speciation or competition and possible physiological alterations or changes in Cu speciation or competition. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1330–1336. © 2015 SETAC
Ein ganz besonderer Preis
Authors: Strohschneider Peter 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSeit drei Jahrzehnten die wichtigste Auszeichnung für Forscherinnen und Forscher in Deutschland: Das Leibniz‐Programm der DFG hat die gesamte Wissenschaft hierzulande vielfältig geprägt. Sein Jubiläum ist Grund zum Feiern, aber auch zum Nachdenken über die nächsten 30 Jahre.
Effect of storage on the chemical composition, microbiological load, and sensory properties of cassava starch‐based custard powder
Authors: Awoyale Wasiu , Sanni Lateef O. , Shittu Taofik A. , Adegunwa Mojisola O. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe effect of storage on the chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of cassava starch‐based custard powder (CbCP) blends as mixture of yellow‐fleshed cassava root starch (YfCRS) (90–98%) and whole egg powder (WEP) (2–10%) was investigated. These were prepared using central composite rotatable design, and separately packaged in polyvinyl chloride plastic can and stored in storage box (30 ± 2°C). The chemical and microbiological analyses of the stored CbCP were evaluated at 3 weeks intervals, while the sensory property was determined at 6 weeks interval for 24 weeks. The result showed that the protein, fat, and the total‐β‐carotene contents of the CbCP decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.001) after storage while moisture content and microbiological load increased. All the CbCP sensory attributes were accepted at the end of storage, except taste and color. The CbCP gruel prepared from 94% YfCRS: 0.34% WEP and 90% YfCRS: 2% WEP blends were the most acceptable after storage.
MRTF‐A and STAT3 promote MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration via hypermethylating BRSM1
Authors: Xing Wen‐Jing , Liao Xing‐Hua , Wang Nan , Zhao Dong‐Wei , Zheng Li , Zheng De‐Liang , Dong Jian , Zhang Tong‐Cun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBreast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide which is closely related to metastasis. But the exact molecular mechanism of metastasis is still not fully understood. We now report that both MRTF‐A and STAT3 play important roles in migration of MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, MRTF‐A and STAT3 synergistically increased MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration by promoting the expression of migration markers urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) and osteopontin (OPN) and inhibiting the expression of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1). Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that MRTF‐A and STAT3 do not affect transcription of the BRMS1 promoter. Instead, we identified a newly molecular mechanism by which MRTF‐A and STAT3 synergistically controlled MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration by recruiting DNMT1 to hypermethylate the promoter of BRMS1 and thus affect the expression of BRMS1. Interestingly, physical interaction between MRTF‐A and STAT3 synergistically promotes the transactivity of DNMT1 by binding to the GAS element within the DNMT1 promoter. Our data thus provide important and novel insights into the roles of MRTF‐A and STAT3 in regulating MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(3):202–217, 2015
Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticle and poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) electrospun scaffold characterization for skeletal muscle regeneration
Authors: McKeon‐Fischer Kristin D. , Browe Daniel P. , Olabisi Ronke M. , Freeman Joseph W. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractInjuries to peripheral nerves and/or skeletal muscle can cause scar tissue formation and loss of function. The focus of this article is the creation of a conductive, biocompatible scaffold with appropriate mechanical properties to regenerate skeletal muscle. Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles (Np) were electrospun with poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL) to form conductive scaffolds. During electrospinning, ribboning, larger fiber diameters, and unaligned scaffolds were observed with increasing PEDOT amounts. To address this, PEDOT Np were sonicated prior to electrospinning, which resulted in decreased conductivity and increased mechanical properties. Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were added to the 1:2 solution in an effort to increase conductivity. However, the addition of MWCNT had little effect on scaffold conductivity, and the elastic modulus and yield stress of the scaffold increased as a result. Rat muscle cells attached and were active on the 1–10, 1–2, 3–4, and 1–1 PCL‐PEDOT scaffolds; however, the 3–4 scaffolds had the lowest level of metabolic activity. Although the scaffolds were cytocompatible, further development of the fabrication method is necessary to produce more highly aligned scaffolds capable of promoting skeletal muscle cell alignment and eventual regeneration. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 3633–3641, 2015.
Pharmacokinetic (PK) drug interaction studies of cabozantinib: Effect of CYP3A inducer rifampin and inhibitor ketoconazole on cabozantinib plasma PK and effect of cabozantinib on CYP2C8 probe substrate rosiglitazone plasma PK
Authors: Nguyen Linh , Holland Jaymes , Miles Dale , Engel Caroline , Benrimoh Natacha , O'Reilly Terry , Lacy Steven 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCabozantinib is a small‐molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been approved for the treatment of patients with progressive, metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. In vitro data indicate that (1) cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 is the primary CYP isoenzyme involved in the metabolism of cabozantinib, and (2) CYP2C8 is the CYP isoenzyme most potently inhibited by cabozantinib with potential for in vivo inhibition at clinically relevant plasma exposures. Pharmacokinetic (PK) drug–drug interactions (DDIs) were evaluated clinically between cabozantinib and (1) a CYP3A inducer (rifampin) in healthy volunteers, (2) a CYP3A inhibitor (ketoconazole) in healthy volunteers, and (3) a CYP2C8 substrate (rosiglitazone) in patients with solid tumors. Compared with cabozantinib given alone, coadministration with rifampin resulted in a 4.3‐fold higher plasma clearance (CL/F) of cabozantinib and a 77% decrease in cabozantinib plasma AUC0–inf, whereas coadministration with ketoconazole decreased cabozantinib CL/F by 29% and increased cabozantinib AUC0–inf by 38%. Chronic coadministration with cabozantinib resulted in no significant effect on rosiglitazone plasma Cmax, AUC0–24, or AUC0–inf. In summary, chronic use of strong CYP3A inducers and inhibitors should be avoided when cabozantinib is administered, and cabozantinib at clinically relevant exposures is not anticipated to markedly affect the PK of concomitant medications via CYP enzyme inhibition.
When do patient‐reported outcome measures inform readmission risk?
Authors: Hinami Keiki , Smith Jennifer , Deamant Catherine D. , DuBeshter Kayle , Trick William E. 
Published: April 2015

OBJECTIVETo characterize changes in patient‐reported outcome measures from hospital discharge to assess when they best inform risk of utilization as defined by readmissions or emergency department use.PARTICIPANTSPatients discharged from an urban safety‐net hospital.DESIGNLongitudinal cohort study.MAIN MEASURESWe serially administered the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) and the PROMIS Global Health short form assessing General Self‐Rated Health (GSRH), Global Physical (GPH), and Mental (GMH) Health at 0, 30, 90, and 180 days from hospital discharge. Time to first utilization from each survey was plotted by dichotomizing our sample on each patient‐reported measure, and equivalence of the time‐to‐event curves was assessed using the log‐rank test. Cox proportional hazard models were used to control for available covariates including prior utilization during the study, Charlson score, age, gender, and race/ethnicity. We assessed each measure's effect on the fit of the predictive models using the likelihood ratio test.KEY RESULTSWe recruited 196 patients, of whom 100%, 98%, 90%, and 88% completed each respective survey wave. Participants’ mean age was 52 years, 51% were women, 60% were non‐Hispanic black, and 21% completed the questionnaires in Spanish. In‐hospital assessments revealed high symptom burden and poor health status. In‐hospital assessments of GMH and GSRH predicted 14‐day reutilization, whereas posthospitalization assessments of MSAS and GPH predicted subsequent utilizations. Each measure selectively improved predictive model fit.CONCLUSIONSRoutine measurement of patient‐reported outcomes can help identify patients at higher risk for utilizations. At different time points, MSAS, GPH, GMH, and GSRH all informed utilization risk. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:294–300. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Novel pathogenic variants and genes for myopathies identified by whole exome sequencing
Authors: Hunter Jesse M. , Ahearn Mary Ellen , Balak Christopher D. , Liang Winnie S. , Kurdoglu Ahmet , Corneveaux Jason J. , Russell Megan , Huentelman Matthew J. , Craig David W. , Carpten John , Coons Stephen W. , DeMello Daphne E. , Hall Judith G. , Bernes Saunder M. , Baumbach‐Reardon Lisa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractNeuromuscular diseases (NMD) account for a significant proportion of infant and childhood mortality and devastating chronic disease. Determining the specific diagnosis of NMD is challenging due to thousands of unique or rare genetic variants that result in overlapping phenotypes. We present four unique childhood myopathy cases characterized by relatively mild muscle weakness, slowly progressing course, mildly elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and contractures. We also present two additional cases characterized by severe prenatal/neonatal myopathy. Prior extensive genetic testing and histology of these cases did not reveal the genetic etiology of disease. Here, we applied whole exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics to identify likely causal pathogenic variants in each pedigree. In two cases, we identified novel pathogenic variants in COL6A3. In a third case, we identified novel likely pathogenic variants in COL6A6 and COL6A3. We identified a novel splice variant in EMD in a fourth case. Finally, we classify two cases as calcium channelopathies with identification of novel pathogenic variants in RYR1 and CACNA1S. These are the first cases of myopathies reported to be caused by variants in COL6A6 and CACNA1S. Our results demonstrate the utility and genetic diagnostic value of WES in the broad class of NMD phenotypes.
Epitaxial growth of chromium nitride thin films with addition of silicon
Authors: Suzuki Kazuma , Suzuki Tsuneo , Endo Toshiyuki , Nakayama Tadachika , Suematsu Hisayuki , Niihara Koichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractEpitaxial Cr‐Si‐N thin films were prepared on MgO (100) substrates with a misfit of ‐1.7% with respect to CrN, by pulsed laser deposition. The Si content in the thin films were controlled by varying the ratio of target surface area of Si for Cr. X‐ray diffraction and microstructure observation showed that the thin films were epitaxially grown with the Si contents up to 10 mol% and no grain boundary could be observed. It was considered that the epitaxial thin films consisted of (Cr,Si)N phase, which was synthesized by partial replacement of Cr in CrN lattice with Si. The thin films with the Si contents above 11 mol% formed the polycrystalline. The hardness of the epitaxial Cr‐Si‐N thin films increased with increasing the Si content and the thin films showed the maximum hardness value of 51 GPa. It was considered that the hardening was caused by dissolution of Si in CrN. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrical performance of the InGaP solar cell irradiated with low energy electron beams
Authors: Okuno Yasuki , Okuda Shuichi , Kojima Takeo , Oka Takashi , Kawakita Shirou , Imaizumi Mitsuru , Kusawake Hiroaki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe investigation of the radiation degradation characteristics of InGaP space solar cells is important. In order to understand the mechanism of the degradation by radiation the samples of the InGaP solar cell were irradiated in vacuum and at ambient temperature with electron beams from a Cockcroft‐Walton type accelerator at Osaka Prefecture University. The threshold energies for recoil were obtained by theoretical calculation. The energies and the fluences of the electron beams were from 60 to 400 keV and from 3×1014 to 3×1016 cm‐2, respectively. The light‐current‐voltage measurements were performed. The degradation of Isc caused by the defects related to the phosphorus atoms was observed and the degradation was suppressed by irradiation at an energy higher than the threshold energy for recoiling Indium atoms. At an energy of 60 keV, where the recoil does not occur, the Voc was degraded. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Properties of in situ HCl‐doped emeraldine polyaniline on n ‐Si(100) substrates for diode application
Authors: Ontolan J. P. B. , Alcantara P. A. M. , Vequizo R. M. , Odarve M. K. , Sambo B. R. B. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this study, the characteristic physicochemical and electrical properties of HCl‐doped polyaniline (PAni) films grown via oxidative chemical polymerization of aniline on n ‐Si(100) are presented. Two exothermic processes were found for 0.2 M HCl solution during aniline polymerization while all others underwent one exothermic process only. All polyaniline films were of emeraldine salt form that exhibited connected rod‐like to agglomerated grains and dendritic surface morphologies on top of wetting layer with increasing hydrochloric acid concentration. Rectifying behaviour of p‐ PAni/n ‐Si(100) heterojunctions were also found indicating the formation of p‐n junction between p ‐PAni and n ‐Si(100). (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Excitonic emission of TlGaSe2
Authors: Hagiwara Masashi , Paucar Raul , Shim YongGu , Wakita Kazuki , Alekperov Oktay , Najafov Arzu , Mamedov Nazim 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPhotoluminescence (PL) spectra in the band‐edge region of bulk single‐crystals of layered ternary chalcogenide TlGaSe2 were examined at low temperature using confocal microscopy. Obvious PL emission near the band‐edge region appeared only when the excitation light travelled in the direction normal to the c axis of the crystal structure of TlGaSe2. The observed PL spectra were resolved into two Gaussian peaks, A and B, located at 2.01 and 2.10 eV, respectively. By analyzing the excitation intensity dependence of the PL intensity, we assigned peak B to proper free excitons, whereas peak A seems to represent free excitons derived from the distorted crystal structure of TlGaSe2. This is the first observation of free excitons in TlGaSe2 by PL measurement. We also examined the temperature dependence of the PL intensity. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)