bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Low‐Temperature Na‐MoS2 Rechargeable Battery
Authors: Du Guangyuan , Gao Aosong , Qian Guoyu , Lu Xueyi , Xie Fangyan , Lu Xia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is generally accepted that the low‐temperature environment typically augments electrolyte viscosity and impedes electrochemical kinetics, thereby diminishing battery performance. However, this prevailing notion, while valid in certain contexts, lacks universality, particularly regarding cycling stability. In this context, the Na‐MoS2 batteries serve as a model to elucidate the impacts of low temperatures. By significantly suppressing the pulverization and amorphization of MoS2, the low‐temperature milieu effectively mitigates the risk of micro‐short circuits induced by the mass shuttling to the Na metal anode, thereby averting performance degradation by self‐discharge. Upon cycling, the generated NaxMo3S4 intermediates only at low temperatures benefit the structural and electrochemical stabilizations to counteract the intrinsic performance degradation. The attenuation of kinetics at low temperatures facilitates the accumulation of Na2S, akin to a sustained‐release agent within the electrode, steadily furnishing the capacity in long cycling. Moreover, the suppression of polysulfide dissolution and shuttling emerges as a pivotal factor contributing to the cycling stability at low‐temperature. These findings provide a rewarding avenue toward understanding of the influence of low temperature on battery performance, as well as the design of practical electrodes and batteries for low‐temperature applications.
Recyclable Biomimetic Sunflower Pollen‐based Photocatalyst for Enhanced Degradation of Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Ortiz Miquel , Gómez Elvira , Serrà Albert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent trends in addressing the impending water crisis focus on the development of innovative water treatment methods. This work utilizes pollen as a core template to synthesize highly efficient onion‐like photocatalysts for pollutant mineralization. The study showcases a novel electrochemical synthesis method that maintains the structural integrity of pollen, resulting in increased surface area and enhanced photocatalytic activity. After 90‐min of visible light irradiation, over 99% mineralization is achieved. These hybrid photocatalysts demonstrate exceptional stability and efficacy in degrading pollutants. The used photocatalysts can be recycled into biopellets with an ash content of less than 7% (weight), moisture content of less than 8% (weight), and a calorific value of ≈22.1 ± 0.3 MJ kg−1. Additionally, the resulting ashes serve as effective peroxymonosulphate activators for pollutant mineralization. This process offers sustainable waste management while minimizing waste production, providing a practical solution for water purification. The efficacy of this approach in pollutant removal is underscored by mineralization rates exceeding 99%.
Identification and prioritization of the challenges faced by vendor organizations in the shape of cyber security: A FUZZY‐AHP ‐based systematic approach
Authors: Khan Abdul Wahid , Zaib Shah , Alanazi Meshari D. , Habib Shabana 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe goal of this research study was to identify and prioritize the significant cybersecurity challenges that vendor firms encounter during software development. Using Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs), 13 significant challenges were found, including “Security issues/Access of Cyberattacks”, “Lack of Right Knowledge”, “Cost Security Issues”, and “Lack of Confidentiality and Trust” among others. To address these concerns, a multifaceted strategy that prioritizes continuing education, training, and investment in cybersecurity measures, as well as cross‐industry cooperation and coordination with government entities, is required. These challenges were ranked using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F‐AHP). We obtained the following results after applying the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process: CSC1 (Cyber Security Challenge‐1) “Security Issues/Access of Cyber Attacks”, CSC2 “Lack of Right Knowledge”, and CSC3 “Framework” are the top most critical cyber security challenges, with weightages of 0.1687, 0.1672, and 0.1194, respectively. This study lays the groundwork for future research and assists vendor organizations in addressing the cybersecurity concerns they face during software development. The study also emphasizes the significance of addressing cybersecurity during the software development process in order to avoid the financial and reputational losses associated with cyber intrusions.
Importance of Morphology of Layered Double Hydroxide in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Catalysis
Authors: Peng Song , Pan Qianfeng , Qiao Yixuan , Wang Tiantian , Htut Nyan Lynn , Chen Bo , Anderson Marc A. , Wang Yang , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion has always been important. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is a promising material due to its high capacity, tunable composition and easy synthesis. In this work, the morphology of NiCo‐LDH is tuned with surfactants including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and investigated the correlation between morphology and electrochemical properties. NiCo‐LDH‐SDS with a layered structure exhibited a specific capacitance of 1004 C g−1 at 1 A g−1, which is higher than that of the needle‐like NiCo‐LDH‐CTAB (678 C g−1) and the rod‐like NiCo‐LDH (279 C g−1). Meanwhile, NiCo‐LDH‐SDS and NiCo‐LDH‐CTAB showed a reduction of 36 and 19 mV, respectively, in their overpotentials at 10 mA cm−2 compared to NiCo‐LDH. Contact angle and adhesive force measurements proved the influence of morphology on the interfacial properties that layered structure is favorable for the timely detachment of the bubbles. Therefore, rational morphology regulation of LDH can effectively alter the gas–liquid–solid interface and thereby accelerate the reaction kinetics. The connections between morphologies, bubbles releasing and electrochemical performance are well established in this work, which can be applied in the investigation of nanomaterials for energy‐related activities, especially the ones concerning bubbles releasing processes.
Experimental investigation on the tension lap splices used in the joints of precast RC foundation piles
Authors: Haavisto Jukka , Laaksonen Anssi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe joints between precast reinforced concrete pile segments in deep foundations are typically mechanically lockable. They include anchor bars embedded inside the ends of each segment, forming lap splices with the main bars. Because of their particular technology, these lap splices are somewhat different from traditional lap splices, as shown in the first part of this paper, where the impact of their specific characteristics on the tensile behavior of the joints is discussed. The experimental section presents the results of 19 tensile tests on these lap splices and compares them with established theoretical models. The roles of various parameters (lap length, type and amount of confining reinforcement, type of anchor bars, and concrete cover thickness) are investigated. One of the major findings indicates a significantly lower lap capacity when using plain‐bar spirals compared to closed‐ribbed stirrups. Additionally, at low stress levels, the models tend to be unconservative. Building on this insight, a modified model is proposed for lap splices provided with plain‐bar spirals.
Tipping mechanisms in a conceptual model of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Chapman Ruth , Sinet Sacha , Ritchie Paul D. L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) forms an essential component of the global ocean circulation. Paleoclimate records indicate the AMOC’s capability to tip between different states that resulted in large global climate impacts. Using an AMOC box model, re‐calibrated against a global circulation model, HadGEM3, we present a new bifurcation analysis and showcase mechanisms that may lead the AMOC to tip from its current ‘on’ state to a collapsed ‘off’ state under climate change. We find that bifurcation‐ and noise‐induced tipping remain viable tipping mechanisms as in previous calibrations, while rate‐induced tipping only occurs for specific parameter configurations of this model.
Relevance of PSInSAR Analyses at ITRF Co-location Sites
Authors: Collilieux Xavier , Altamimi Zuheir , Chen Jingyi , Courde Clément , Du Zheyuan , Furhmann Thomas , Gisinger Christoph , Gruber Thomas , Hippenstiel Ryan , Poreh Davod , Rebischung Paul , Sato Yudai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe PSInSAR (Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technique allows determining deformation maps over large areas. In this paper, we investigate the applicability of PSInSAR analyses for ITRF co-location sites characterized by spatial extents varying between 20 m and 3 km. Although PSInSAR shows some limitations such as spatial resolution and sparse Persistent Scatterer distribution, this technology can be used to determine relative motion between geodetic instrumentation at sufficient spatial detail, specifically for large sites. The spatial resolution varies from 3 × 22 m [rg × az] from typical Sentinel 1A/1B products (IW mode) to 0.6 × 0.25 m [rg × az] for staring spotlight mode of TerraSAR-X/Tandem-X. As an illustration, C-band PSInSAR results derived by the European Ground Motion Service (EGMS) from Sentinel 1A/1B images have been investigated for the five largest ITRF co-location sites in Europe. Maximum relative velocity differences have been found to be smaller than 2.0 mm/yr. Moreover, as high-resolution X-band SAR images show great potential for mapping deformations at high resolution, an inventory of already available TerraSAR-X/Tandem-X images at ITRF co-location sites has been established. Based on this, five candidate sites are proposed for further PSInSAR analyses using X-band data.
Radiation and reaction at one loop
Authors: Elkhidir Asaad , O’Connell Donal , Sergola Matteo , Vazquez-Holm Ingrid A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study classical radiation fields at next-to-leading order using the methods of scattering amplitudes. The fields of interest to us are sourced when two massive, point-like objects scatter inelastically, and can be computed from one-loop amplitudes. The real and imaginary parts of the amplitudes play important but physically distinct roles in the radiation field. We argue that the imaginary part captures the effects of radiation reaction. This aspect of radiation reaction is directly linked to cuts of one-loop amplitudes which expose Compton trees. We also discuss the fascinating interplay between renormalisation, radiation reaction and classical field theory from this perspective.
Exact degeneracy of Casimir energy for $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on ADE singularities and S-duality
Authors: Ju Chao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Classically, the ground states of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on ℝ × S3/Γ where Γ is a discrete ADE subgroup of SU(2) are represented by flat Wilson lines winding around the ADE singularity. By a duality relating such ground states to WZW conformal blocks, the ground state degeneracy cannot be lifted by quantum corrections. Using the superconformal index, we compute the supersymmetric Casimir energy of each flat Wilson line for SU(2) SYM on different ADE singularities and find that the flat Wilson lines all have the same supersymmetric Casimir energy. We argue that this exact degeneracy is peculiar to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetry and show that the degeneracy is lifted when the number of supersymmetry is reduced. In particular, we uncover a surprising result for the ground state structure of the conformal $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SU(2) four-flavor theory on S3/Γ. For $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM, S-duality maps the ground state Wilson lines to ground state t’ Hooft lines taking values in the Langlands dual group. We show that the supersymmetric Casimir energy of the t’ Hooft line ground states is the same as the Wilson line ground states. This can be viewed as a ground state test of S-duality.
The utility of the prehospital shock index, age shock index, and modified shock index for predicting hypofibrinogenaemia in trauma patients: an observational retrospective study
Authors: Moon Jihwan , Park Sungwook 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Reduced fibrinogen levels are associated with worse outcomes in bleeding trauma patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of the prehospital shock index (SI) and its derivatives, the age shock index (aSI) and the modified shock index (mSI), as predictors of hypofibrinogenaemia in trauma patients.

Methods
This retrospective study included 2383 patients who presented to a regional trauma center. We reviewed the plasma fibrinogen levels upon admission to the trauma center and patients were divided into two groups: the hypofibrinogenaemia group and the normal group. The predictive performances of the SI, aSI, and mSI were assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results
Of the 2383 patients, 235 (9.9%) had hypofibrinogenaemia. Patients with hypofibrinogenaemia were more likely to receive transfusions within 4 h and had significantly greater in-hospital mortality than patients with normal fibrinogen levels. The AUCs of prehospital SI, prehospital aSI, and prehospital mSI for the prediction of hypofibrinogenaemia were 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73–0.77), 0.70 (95% CI 0.68–0.72), and 0.75 (95% CI 0.73–0.77), respectively.

Conclusion
Prehospital SI and prehospital mSI demonstrated moderate performance for identifying trauma patients with hypofibrinogenaemia. The prehospital aSI had poor predictive performance. In the prehospital setting, the use of prehospital SI or prehospital mSI as the sole predictor of hypofibrinogenaemia in trauma patients is not recommended.
Hot deformation behavior and physical-based constitutive modelling under plane-stress state for nickel-based superalloy sheets
Authors: Bao Zhennan , Chen Xuexin , Wu Shihao , Xie Liwei , Yang Bo , Zheng Kailun , Wang Yaping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractForming limit curves (FLC) at high temperatures under plane-stress states are beneficial for guiding the process parameter design of hot forming superalloy sheets. Constrained by the high deformation temperatures, the establishment of FLCs of superalloy sheets at high temperatures is extremely difficult. This paper conducts an experimental and modelling research to establish the physical-based model with the accurate prediction of hot flow behavior as well as micro grain sizes, using which, the forming limit curves can be predicted. First, the uniaxial tensile tests under different temperatures and strain rates and electron backscattered scattering detection (EBSD) observations of typical conditions were conducted to obtain the hot flow behavior and grain evolution. Second, the dome test at room temperature was performed, and the corresponding simulation was further carried out to obtain the forming limit at room temperature under plane-stress states. Using the above results, a plane-stress constitutive model for GH3128 superalloy was established enabling plane-stress test results under typical hot conditions to be accurately predicted. The prediction accuracies of hot uniaxial and biaxial stretching results are 94.2% and 95.4%, respectively.
A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Alternative Management Strategies for Red Deer in Denmark
Authors: Jensen Frank , Lundhede Thomas , Sunde Peter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we conduct a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of five alternative management strategies for red deer in Denmark: free harvest, trophy hunting, maximum harvest and two cases for natural demographic population compositions. To capture the outcome under each strategy we use a biological sex- and age-structured population model. The net benefit function includes meat values, recreational values, browsing damage costs and traffic damage costs and these values and costs are assumed to differ for the various sex and age classes of red deer. We show that the maximum harvest strategy leads to a reasonably high positive total net benefit, while the free harvest strategy yields a small positive net benefit. On the other hand, the trophy hunting strategy generates a high negative net benefit, while small negative net benefits are obtained under the two strategies for natural demographic population compositions.
Clinical applications of 3D printing in colorectal surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Habermann Alyssa C. , Timmerman William R. , Cohen Stephen M. , Burkhardt Brian W. , Amendola Michael F. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The utilization of three-dimensional printing has grown rapidly within the field of surgery over recent years. Within the subspecialty of colorectal surgery, the technology has been used to create personalized anatomical models for preoperative planning, models for surgical training, and occasionally customized implantable devices and surgical instruments. We aim to provide a systematic review of the current literature discussing clinical applications of three-dimensional printing in colorectal surgery.

Methods
Full-text studies published in English which described the application of 3D printing in pre-surgical planning, advanced surgical planning, and patient education within the field of colorectal surgery were included. Exclusion criteria were duplicate articles, review papers, studies exclusively dealing with surgical training and/or education, studies which used only virtual models, and studies which described colorectal cancer only as it pertained to other organs.

Results
Eighteen studies were included in this review. There were two randomized controlled trials, one retrospective outcomes study, five case reports/series, one animal model, and nine technical notes/feasibility studies. There were three studies on advanced surgical planning/device manufacturing, six on pre-surgical planning, two on pelvic anatomy modeling, eight on various types of anatomy modeling, and one on patient education.

Conclusions
While more studies with a higher level of evidence are needed, the findings of this review suggest many promising applications of three-dimensional printing within the field of colorectal surgery with the potential to improve patient outcomes and experiences.
Optic nerve sheath measurement to monitor disease activity in giant cell arteritis: a pilot study
Authors: Ross Carolyn , Ducharme-Bénard Stéphanie , Hussein Samer , Meunier Rosalie-Sélène , Pagnoux Christian , Makhzoum Jean-Paul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction/Objectives
Optic nerve sheath (ONS) enhancement using magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits was observed in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA). We previously showed that ONS diameter (ONSD) by bedside ultrasound is increased in patient with active GCA. This study aims to assess whether ONSD decreases with clinical remission in patients with GCA.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted from June 2022 to January 2023. Patients who had an optic nerve ultrasound at GCA diagnosis as part of a previous crosssectional study were eligible. Optic nerve ultrasound was performed by the same investigator at diagnosis and month 3. ONSD (includes the optic nerve and its sheath) and optic nerve diameter (OND) were measured. Descriptive statistics for baseline characteristics and paired sample t-test were performed to assess the mean difference in OND and ONSD between diagnosis and month 3.

Results
Nine patients with GCA were included. The median age at disease onset was 79 years (interquartile range (IQR) of 79–82 years), and 7 patients were males. All patients were in clinical remission at month 3 on prednisone (median dose of 15 mg/day, IQR of 10–25 mg). The mean ONSD was lower at month 3 (3.76 mm) compared to baseline (5.98 mm), with a paired mean difference of 2.22 mm (95% CI 1.41–3.03 mm, p < 0.001). As anticipated, OND measurements did not vary between diagnosis and month 3.

Conclusion
ONSD on ultrasound improves after 3 months of therapy in patients with GCA. A longer prospective study is required to determine if ONSD is useful to assess disease activity in GCA.

Key Points

• ONS ultrasound can identify patients with active GCA.• The ONSD on ultrasound is dynamic and improved after 3 months of GCA therapy.• ONS ultrasound may be useful to monitor disease activity in GCA.
Protective effects of a novel FS-Collagen hydrolysates against UV- and d-galactose-induced skin aging
Authors: Zhang Yihan , Huang Guangye , Zhang Zhen , Xu Yongzhao , Ren Jiaoyan , Sun Wei , Chen Jianwen , He Ruikun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe oral consumption of collagen hydrolysates derived from various animal tissues has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on skin health, particularly in combating the signs of aging. Here in this study, a novel animal-derived FS-Collagen hydrolysates were developed and its effects against skin aging was analyzed in a new mice skin aging model established through a combination of UV irradiation and d-galactose induction. 8 Weeks of oral FS-Collagen administration demonstrated significant protective effects against skin aging in mice, evidenced by the preservation of the skin’s macroscopic appearance, the restoration of skin composition and structure, an enhancement in antioxidant capacity and the inhibition of inflammation. Additionally, FS-Collagen safeguards skin barrier integrity and cellular connections, particularly by maintaining the expression levels of Dsg1 and Jam-A. In summary, the FS-Collagen exhibits positive effects in countering skin aging and holds promise as an alternative functional nutrition supplement for anti-skin aging care.
Characterization of susceptibility patterns and adaptability of the newly emerged Candida auris
Authors: Semenya Matlou D. , Aladejana Adebowale E. , Ndlovu Sizwe I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe emergence of Candida auris has caused a major concern in the public health worldwide. This novel fungus is characterized by its multidrug resistance profile, ability to thrive in harsh and stressful conditions, as well as high temperatures and salt concentrations, persistence on hospital surfaces, causing nosocomial infections and outbreaks, and unique fitness properties. Here, we study the antifungal susceptibility patterns, thermotolerance, and halotolerance of 15 putative C. auris clinical isolates from Inkosi Albert Academic Hospital, Durban, South Africa. Five of the C. auris isolates showed resistance to all three antifungals (fluconazole, amphotericin B, and micafungin) and were selected for characterization of their adaptability mechanisms. Four of the tested multidrug-resistant C. auris isolates (C. auris strain F25, C. auris strain F276, C. auris F283, and C. auris M153) showed good growth when exposed to high temperature (42 °C) and salinity (10% NaCl) conditions whereas one isolate (C. auris F65) showed moderate growth under these conditions. Candida parapsilosis showed poor growth whereas C. albicans no growth under these conditions. The five C. auris strains were positive for all the adaptive features.