bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A five decade retrospective review of admission trends in a NHS intellectual disability hospital
Authors: Wong Yim Lun , Bhutia Rinzi , Tayar Khalodoun , Roy Ashok 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the trend of admissions and inpatient characteristics in a NHS intellectual disability hospital from 1975 to 2013, in particular looking at the effect following the Winterbourne View scandal.

Design/methodology/approach
– A retrospective review of all admissions over a three-year period (January 2011-January 2013) was completed. This information was compared with admissions to the same hospital in three-year period over the last four decades (1975-1977, 1985-1987, 1995-1997, and 2003-2006). Number of admissions, gender, age, source of admission, length of stay, reasons for admission, type of admission, and diagnosis of psychiatric illnesses were included.

Findings
– There were 87 admissions (including 29 from out of area) in the study period of 2011-2013. The number of admissions had varied over the years but male admissions were consistently higher than female. A majority of people stayed over six months. For the first time in five decades, there were more formal inpatients than informal ones. The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder had increased.

Originality/value
– This study has examined admission trends over five decades. It has highlighted that the Mental Health Act legislation is being used more frequently and that co-morbid mental disorders, such as ASD are commonly associated with those admitted to hospital. A well planned-out community health care system, as well as adequate social provision are keys to maintain people with intellectual disability in the community. Furthermore, a better understanding of the symptomology of challenging behaviours, and appropriate use of mental health legislation are crucial in providing a high-quality service that has clear treatment goals and values. Some of these issues have contributed to the failure of the recent initiative to reduce the size of the inpatient intellectual disability following Winterbourne View scandal.
The effects of conflict on risk perception and travelling intention of young tourists
Authors: Desivilya Helena , Teitler-Regev Sharon , Shahrabani Shosh 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare the evaluations of various risks by young Israelis living in conflict area and their Polish counterparts, who do not live in conflict area and how these perceptions affect their traveling intentions to destinations with different types of risks – Egypt, Turkey, India and Japan.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research participants were 713 Israeli and Polish students who responded to a structured questionnaire.

Findings
– The findings validate the assumption that contextual distinctions shape differently factors affecting traveling risk estimation and the intention of young people to travel abroad. The results indicated that the priming effect is substantial, reflected in Israelis’ significantly higher assessments of risks concerning destinations with terror, health and natural disasters hazards in comparison to Poles’ evaluations. As predicted, Israeli students exhibit lesser intentions to travel to Turkey, Egypt and India than their Polish counterparts. The study also showed similarities between Israeli and Polish students. Young tourists’ with strong aversion to health hazards exhibit low intention to travel to India and those refraining from economic crisis are reluctant to travel to Egypt. The intention to travel to Japan and India decreased with high perception of destination risks.

Originality/value
– The current study constitutes a new departure in studying the contextual effects on travel-related decision making. It focusses on the impact of conflict ridden environment on intentions, attitudes and risks perception of young tourists with respect to traveling to risky destinations, previously hardly studied.
Impact of trust on the relationship of e-service quality and customer satisfaction
Authors: Kundu Sukanya , Datta Saroj Kumar 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to find the role of trust as a mediating variable between e-service quality and customer satisfaction in internet banking.Design/methodology/approach– The paper opted for an exploratory study using closed ended questionnaire. The empirical data are drawn from 367 customers of internet banking. Factor structure of e-SQ, customer satisfaction and trust has been tested using EFA and CFA by gap values and perception values. Structure equation modeling has been used to analyze the effects of independent variable e-service quality on customer satisfaction and the role of mediating variable trust. Stepwise analysis has been done to examine the effect of trust on customer satisfaction. Sobel test has been used to measure the indirect effect.Findings– e-SQ was found to be strongly correlated with customer satisfaction. The results confirm trust as a mediating variable between e-service quality while analyzing the same model with gap value and perception value.Research limitations/implications– The research implies that banking service providers should focus on improvement of trust parameters as well as those e-SQ dimensions which affects trust, to retain the customers and to get more customers for internet banking.Originality/value– The reliable and valid instrument confirmed in this research can be used by further studies detecting the relationships among these constructs in an extended context. The fundamental premise of the proposed research work model was to make banking service providers understand comprehensively the factors necessary to achieve high service quality that will significantly impact on customers’ trust, satisfaction.
Availability modeling of repairable systems using Markov system dynamics simulation
Authors: Rao M. Srinivasa , Naikan V.N.A 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel hybrid approach called as Markov System Dynamics (MSD) approach which combines the Markov approach with system dynamics (SD) simulation approach for availability modeling and to study the dynamic behavior of repairable systems.Design/methodology/approach– In the proposed approach the identification of the single unit repairable system all possible states has been performed by using the Markov approach. The remaining stages of traditional Markov analysis are highly mathematically intensive. The present work proposes a hybrid approach called as MSD approach which combines the Markov approach with SD simulation approach to overcome some of the limitations of Markov process in a simple and efficient way for availability modeling and to study the dynamic behavior of this system.Findings– The proposed framework is illustrated for a single unit repairable system. The worked out example shows the steady state point and also it gives the point, interval and steady state availabilities and also the dynamic behavior of the system. However this methodology can be extended easily for more complex multi-state maintainable systems. The results of the simulation when compared with that obtained by traditional Markov analysis clearly validate the proposed approach as an alternative approach for availability modeling of repairable systems.Practical implications– In many practical situations we require to find the time at which our system reaches steady state conditions for planning maintenance activities. The proposed MSD method in this paper is capable of finding this steady state point very easily.Originality/value– The proposed approach clearly indicates the time at which the system reaches its steady state and calculates the point, interval availabilities for planning maintenance activities. The different parties, i.e., engineers and machine operators, can jointly work with this model in order to understand the dynamic behavior of repairable systems.
How Theory X style of management arose from a fundamental attribution error
Authors: Davison H. Kristl , Smothers Jack 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to propose that the Theory X style of management arose from a fundamental attribution error, in which managers assumed that employees’ lack of motivation was a disposition rather than a function of unmotivating work situations.Design/methodology/approach– The paper reviews the nature of work during the industrial revolution from a Job Characteristics Model perspective and compares Theory X and Theory Y perspectives in terms of their emphasis on dispositional or situational influences on behavior.Findings– It was found that factory work performed during the industrial revolution was likely to be deficient in terms of the five core dimensions of the Job Characteristics Model, and would have been unmotivating. Because of the fundamental attribution error, managers would have assumed that workers were unmotivated by nature, but the situation was likely the cause of their lack of motivation.Practical implications– As illustrated by our findings, management theory development and interpretation can benefit from understanding the historical context within which the theory was developed. Considering both situational and person (i.e. individual differences or traits) effects is particularly important for theory development.Originality/value– The unique contribution of this paper is to make the connection between the characteristics of work performed during the industrial revolution and consequent inaccurate managerial attributions of worker motivation (i.e. Theory X).
Board interlocks and corporate performance among firms listed abroad
Authors: Peng Mike W. , Mutlu Canan C. , Sauerwald Steve , Au Kevin Y. , Wang Denis Y.L. 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to explore the interlock-performance relationship among mainland Chinese firms listed in Hong Kong by taking advantage of a relationship-intensive context whereby such a link is likely to be especially important. Although strategic networks such as interlocking directorates have been found to affect a number of strategic behaviors, the link connecting board interlocks and corporate performance has remained ambiguous. Considerable light has been shed on the strategic networks of firms whose shares are listed abroad, which have been under-studied despite their rising importance in the global economy.Design/methodology/approach– Data come from a particularly interesting historical period – the early 1990s prior to Hong Kong’s 1997 handover to China. Both quantitative and qualitative research have been used.Findings– Empirically, it was found that good performance in an earlier period helps draw outside directors in a later period, and that network centrality and certain types of interlocks help improve performance, albeit with varying degrees. Overall, our results answer the question whether strategic networks such as interlocks matter for corporate performance with a qualified “yes”.Originality/value– Taking advantage of a relationship-intensive context, this article explores the interlock-performance relationship among mainland Chinese firms listed in Hong Kong. Focus is specifically on the two years, 1993 and 1995, due to their specific historical importance because these two years represent the beginning of Chinese firms’ listing in Hong Kong.
Model for economic replacement time of mining production rigs including redundant rig costs
Authors: Al-Chalabi Hussan Saed , Lundberg Jan , Al-Gburi Majid , Ahmadi Alireza , Ghodrati Behzad 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a practical model to determine the economic replacement time (ERT) of production machines. The objective is to minimise the total cost of capital equipment, where total cost includes acquisition, operating, maintenance costs and costs related to the machine’s downtime. The costs related to the machine’s downtime are represented by the costs of using a redundant machine.

Design/methodology/approach
– In total, four years of cost data are collected. Data are analysed, practical optimisation model is developed and regression analysis is done to estimate the drilling rigs ERT. The artificial neural network (ANN) technique is used to identify the effect of factors influencing the ERT of the drilling rigs.

Findings
– The results show that the redundant rig cost has the largest impact on ERT, followed by acquisition, maintenance and operating costs. The study also finds that increasing redundant costs per hour have a negative effect on ERT, while decreases in other costs have a positive effect. Regression analysis shows a linear relationship between the cost factors and ERT.

Practical implications
– The proposed approach can be used by the decision maker in determining the ERT of production machines which used in mining industry.

Originality/value
– The research proposed in this paper provides and develops an optimisation model for ERT of mining machines. This research also identifies and explains the factors that have the largest impact on the production machine’s ERT. This model for estimating the ERT has never been studied on mining drilling rigs.
Rapid collapse of a sub‐Antarctic alpine ecosystem: the role of climate and pathogens
Authors: Bergstrom Dana M. , Bricher Phillippa K. , Raymond Ben , Terauds Aleks , Doley David , McGeoch Melodie A. , Whinam Jennie , Glen Morag , Yuan Ziqing , Kiefer Kate , Shaw Justine D. , Bramely‐Alves Jessica , Rudman Tim , Mohammed Caroline , Lucieer Arko , Visoiu Micah , Jansen van Vuuren Bettine , Ball Marilyn C. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryEcosystem change is predicted to become more prevalent with climate change. Widespread dieback of cushion plants and bryophytes in alpine fellfield on Macquarie Island may represent such change. Loss of the keystone endemic cushion plant,Azorella macquariensis, was so severe that it has been declared critically endangered.We document the dieback and its extent. Due to the rapidity of the event, we sought to infer causes by testing two mechanistic hypotheses: (i)that extensive dieback was due to a pathogenand (ii)that dieback was a consequence of a change in climate that induced stress in several susceptible species. We searched for pathogens using both conventional and next‐generation sequencing techniques. We examined plant functional morphology in conjunction with a long‐term climate record of plant‐relevant climate parameters to determine whether environmental conditions had become inimical forA. macquariensis.Dieback was found across the entire range ofA. macquariensis. A survey found 88% of 115 stratified/ random sites contained affected cushions and 84% contained dead bryophytes. Within‐site dieback increased over time.No conclusive evidence thatA. macquariensisdeaths were caused by a definitive disease‐causing pathogen emerged. However, the presence of bacterial, fungal and oomycete taxa, some potentially pathogenic, suggested that stressed cushions could become susceptible to infection.The primary cause of collapse is suspected failure ofA. macquariensisand other fellfield species to withstand recent decadal changes in summer water availability. Increased wind speed, sunshine hours and evapotranspiration resulted in accumulated deficits of plant available water spanning 17 years (1992–2008). High vulnerability to interrupted water supply was consistent with functional morphology ofA. macquariensis,and climate change has altered the species’ environment from wet and misty to one subject to periods of drying.Synthesis and applications. With alpine fellfield dieback baseline data on Macquarie Island established, future monitoring will determine whether this event represents a transient, decadal‐level change in the ecosystem or the initiation of a climate‐related, transformation away from anAzorella‐dominated fellfield ecosystem. That mechanisms driving ecosystem collapse were complex and multiple stressors appeared to be impacting cumulatively may be relevant to other locations.
The global partnership for sustainable development
Authors: Huang Yongfu , Quibria Muhammad G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis paper examines whether foreign aid, together with other economic, social and environmental factors, contributes to sustainable development. It starts with an illustrative theoretical growth model where foreign aid promotes sustainable development by protecting the environment. Using factor analysis and newly developed estimation methods for a dynamic panel data model with endogenous regressors, the empirical section of the paper finds evidence that foreign aid has had a significantly positive influence on sustainable development in aid recipient countries. This effect is very likely to go through channels related to growth and resources as well as a technology channel with respect to energy intensity. This research has important implications for a post‐2015 development framework on international collective action with regard to a sustainable future.
Is There an Association Between the Body Mass Index and Interpersonal Violent Behavior?
Authors: Ekmekcioglu Cem , Devletlian Selin , Blasche Gerhard , Kundi Michael 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAn inverse relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and the risk of completed suicide was shown in several studies. Furthermore, it is suggested that obesity might be associated with a lower risk for violent criminality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze whether a higher BMI is associated with a lower risk for being arrested due to violent behavior in a sample of 43,992 male offenders. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the relationship between different BMI categories and categories of committed crime as outcome variable by including various covariates. Our results indicated that compared to a normal BMI a higher BMI was associated with a significantly lower risk for being arrested in different crime categories associated with interpersonal violence, such as crimes against life and limb (for example: odds ratio = 0.60, CI 95%: 0.52–0.69 for 30–34.9 kg/m2).
Effects of Uremic Toxins from the Gut Microbiota on Bone: A Brief Look at Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Black Ana Paula , Cardozo Ludmila F M F , Mafra Denise 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently have mineral and bone disorders (CKD‐MBD) that are caused by several mechanisms. Recent research has suggested that uremic toxins from the gut such as p‐cresyl sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) could also be involved in the development of bone disease in patients with CKD. IS and PCS are produced by microbiota in the gut, carried into the plasma bound to serum albumin, and are normally excreted into the urine. However, in patients with CKD, there is an accumulation of high levels of these uremic toxins. The exact mechanisms of action of uremic toxins in bone disease remain unclear. The purpose of this brief review is to discuss the link between uremic toxins (IS and PCS) and bone mineral disease in chronic kidney disease.
High Hemoglobin Levels Maintained by an Erythropoiesis‐Stimulating Agent Improve Renal Survival in Patients with Severe Renal Impairment
Authors: Tsubakihara Yoshiharu , Akizawa Tadao , Iwasaki Manabu , Shimazaki Ryutaro 
Published: May 2015

AbstractOur goal was to investigate the effect modification of maintaining a high Hb target range through erythropoiesis‐stimulating agent therapy on the renal outcome with respect to chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage and concurrent diabetes condition in patients with CKD. We used data from a previously reported randomized controlled trial involving 321 CKD patients not on dialysis, with Hb levels of <10 g/dL, and serum creatinine (Cr) of 2.0 to 6.0 mg/dL, and in which maintaining Hb levels at 11.0–13.0 g/dL with darbepoetin‐α (High Hb group) resulted in a greater renal protective effect than maintaining Hb levels at 9.0–11.0 g/dL with epoetin‐α (Low Hb group). We conducted a post‐hoc analysis of the effects of baseline CKD stage and concurrent diabetic condition on the renal composite endpoint, consisting of death, initiation of renal replacement therapy, and doubling of the serum Cr level. Both groups with stage 4 CKD had a 3‐year cumulative renal survival rate of 53.8%, whereas in patients with stage 5 CKD, the rate in the High Hb group (31.0%) was significantly (P = 0.012) higher than that in the Low Hb group (19.1%). The observations made in patients with stage 5 CKD were maintained on further analysis of non‐diabetic patients, but were not seen in those with diabetes or stage 4 CKD. These results suggest that in patients with stage 5 CKD, especially those without diabetes, achieving a higher target Hb level with erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents is associated with a greater renoprotective effect.
New genus of Phycitinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) with description of a new species from Cambodia
Authors: Qi Mu‐Jie , Bae Yang‐Seop 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSamkosia gen. n. and its type species, Samkosia cambodiensis sp. n., are described and illustrated from Cambodia. The new combination S. rufimaculella (Yamanaka, 1993) comb. n., is suggested. The adults and genitalia of the new species are illustrated.
Incidence, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Toxin Profiles of Bacillus cereus sensu lato Isolated from Korean Fermented Soybean Products
Authors: Yim Jin‐Hyeok , Kim Kwang‐Yeop , Chon Jung‐Whan , Kim Dong‐Hyeon , Kim Hong‐Seok , Choi Da‐Som , Choi In‐Soo , Seo Kun‐Ho 
Published: May 2015

AbstractKorean fermented soybean products, such as doenjang, kochujang, ssamjang, and cho‐kochujang, can harbor foodborne pathogens such as Bacillus cereus sensu lato (B. cereus sensu lato). The aim of this study was to characterize the toxin gene profiles, biochemical characteristics, and antibiotic resistance patterns of B. cereus sensu lato strains isolated from Korean fermented soybean products. Eighty‐eight samples of Korean fermented soybean products purchased from retails in Seoul were tested. Thirteen of 26 doenjang samples, 13 of 23 kochujang samples, 16 of 30 ssamjang samples, and 5 of 9 cho‐kochujang samples were positive for B. cereus sensu lato strains. The contamination level of all positive samples did not exceed 4 log CFU/g of food (maximum levels of Korea Food Code). Eighty‐seven B. cereus sensu lato strains were isolated from 47 positive samples, and all isolates carried at least one enterotoxin gene. The detection rates of hblCDA, nheABC, cytK, and entFM enterotoxin genes among all isolates were 34.5%, 98.9%, 57.5%, and 100%, respectively. Fifteen strains (17.2%) harbored the emetic toxin gene. Most strains tested positive for salicin fermentation (62.1%), starch hydrolysis (66.7%), hemolysis (98.9%), motility test (100%), and lecithinase production (96.6%). The B. cereus sensu lato strains were highly resistant to β‐lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, penicillin, cefepime, imipenem, and oxacillin. Although B. cereus sensu lato levels in Korean fermented soybean products did not exceed the maximum levels permitted in South Korea (<104 CFU/g), these results indicate that the bacterial isolates have the potential to cause diarrheal or emetic gastrointestinal diseases.