bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy efficiency maximization for 5G multi‐antenna receivers
Authors: Bai Q. , Nossek J. A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn a digital communication system, the analog signal that the receiver receives with its radio frequency front end is converted into digital format by using the analog‐to‐digital converter (A/D converter, ADC). Quantisation takes place during the conversion from continuous amplitude signal to discrete amplitude signal, leading inevitably to losses in information which are dependent on the number of bits that is used to represent each sample. Although employing a higher bit resolution reduces the quantisation error, a higher power dissipation of the ADC is incurred at the same time. This trade‐off is essential to the energy efficiency of the receiver, which is commonly measured by the number of information bits conveyed per consumed Joule of energy. We investigate, in this work, the adaptation of ADC resolutions of a multi‐antenna receiver based on instantaneous channel knowledge, with the goal of maximising receiver energy efficiency. The formulated optimisation is a combinatorial problem, and we propose several algorithms which yield near‐optimal solutions. Results from numerical simulations are presented and analysed, which provide guidelines to operation and deployment of the system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Demand for Cigarettes as Derived from the Demand for Weight Loss: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation
Authors: Cawley John , Dragone Davide , Von Hinke Kessler Scholder Stephanie 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper offers an economic model of smoking and body weight and provides new empirical evidence on the extent to which the demand for cigarettes is derived from the demand for weight loss. In the model, smoking causes weight loss in addition to having direct utility benefits and direct health consequences. It predicts that some individuals smoke for weight loss and that the practice is more common among those who consider themselves overweight and those who experience greater disutility from excess weight.We test these hypotheses using nationally representative data in which adolescents are directly asked whether they smoke to control their weight. We find that, among teenagers who smoke frequently, 46% of girls and 30% of boys are smoking in part to control their weight. As predicted by the model, this practice is significantly more common among those who describe themselves as too fat and among groups that tend to experience greater disutility from obesity.We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for tax policy; specifically, the demand for cigarettes is less price elastic among those who smoke for weight loss, all else being equal. Public health efforts to reduce smoking initiation and encourage cessation may wish to design campaigns to alter the derived nature of cigarette demand, especially among adolescent girls. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combination Treatment of Biomechanical Support and Targeted Intra-arterial Infusion of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells Mobilized by Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor for the Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Mao Qiang , Wang Weidong , Xu Taotao , Zhang Shanxing , Xiao Luwei , Chen Di , Jin Hongting , Tong Peijian 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the benefits of combination treatment with mechanical support and targeted intra-arterial infusion of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) mobilized by granulocyte–colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) via the medial circumflex femoral artery on the progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Fifty-five patients (89 hips) with early and intermediate stage ONFH were recruited and randomly assigned to combination treatment or mechanical support treatment (control group). All hips received mechanical support treatment (porous tantalum rod implantation). Then, hips in the combination treatment group were performed targeted intra-arterial infusion of PBSCs. At each follow-up, Harris hip score (HHS) and Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) classification were used to evaluate the symptoms and progression of osteonecrosis. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) was assessed as an endpoint at each follow-up. At 36 months, 9 of the 41 hips (21.95%) in the control group progressed to clinical failure and underwent THA whereas only 3 of the 48 hips (6.25%) in the combination treatment group required THA (p = 0.031). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significant difference in the survival time between the two groups (log-rank test; p = 0.025). Compared to the control group, combination treatment significantly improved the HHS at 36 months (p = 0.003). At the final follow-up examination, radiological progression was noted in 13 of 41 hips (31.71%) for the control group, but in only 4 of 48 hips (8.33%) for the combination treatment group (p = 0.005). The overall collapse rates were 15.15% (5/33 hips) and 8.11% (3/37 hips) in the control and combination treatment groups, respectively. Targeted intra-arterial infusion of PBSCs is capable of enhancing the efficacy of biomechanical support in the treatment of ONFH. This clinical trial confirmed that the combination treatment might be a safe and feasible choice for the treatment of early or intermediate stages of ONFH. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Performance of different advanced oxidation processes for tertiary wastewater treatment to remove the pesticide acetamiprid
Authors: Carra Irene , Sánchez Pérez José Antonio , Malato Sixto , Autin Olivier , Jefferson Bruce , Jarvis Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work studied the performance of different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as tertiary treatment for removal of the pesticide acetamiprid from water. Specifically, UV, UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2/Fe, and two systems with persulfate (PS), UV/PS and UV/PS/Fe, were evaluated.RESULTSThe study was carried out in deionised water, synthetic water from a secondary effluent and real effluent from a conventional activated sludge effluent (CAS effluent). In addition, the effect of humic acids, lignin‐derivative and lauryl sulphate was investigated as organic matter that affects AOP efficiency.CONCLUSIONSPhoto‐Fenton at natural pH proved to be the most efficient process in all matrices. The persulfate systems have also shown that they have great potential for micropollutant removal. It was found that humic acids reduced degradation efficiency for UV/H2O2/Fe and UV/PS/Fe due to competition with radicals. Humic acids had a negative impact on UV photolysis at high concentration due to the absorptivity of UV light. Lignin had a negative effect on AOPs that used iron, forming Fe(II)‐complexes with high absorptivity which act as a light filter. For lauryl sulphate, its chemical structure did not favour the formation of iron complexes at natural pH, resulting in similar degradation rates for UV/H2O2/Fe, UV/H2O2, UV/PS and UV/PS/Fe. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Magnetic nanosized calcium ferrite particles for efficient degradation of crystal violet using a microwave‐induced catalytic method: insight into the degradation pathway
Authors: Shi Wen , Li Qi , An Shuai , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDMagnetic iron based catalysts with high oxidation performance are generally effective for many catalytic reactions and can be magnetically recovered after application, showing advantages over other metal oxides. In this work, a highly active nanosized CaFe2O4 was prepared by a sol–gel method. Application of the microwave‐induced catalytic degradation (MICD) method to the abatement of crystal violet (CV) using the magnetic catalyst was studied.RESULTSMore than 90% of CV was degraded within 10 min. The intermediate products were investigated by UV–vis, HPLC and NMR. The results confirmed that CV was completely degraded and converted into harmless products. The reaction kinetics, effect of different ion species (Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, H2PO4− and HPO42−), pH, dye initial concentration, dosage of catalyst, and degradation mechanism were comprehensively studied. It was found that CaFe2O4 presented high activity to produce hydroxyl radicals and holes for degradation of CV under microwave radiation (MW). Surface hydroxyl groups of CaFe2O4 were a critical part in the generation of radicals, and iron on CaFe2O4 surface formed active sites to catalyze CV suggesting that CaFe2O4 plays a significant role in degradation of dyes.CONCLUSIONThis work provides valuable knowledge on the development of CaFe2O4 catalyst for environmental remediation technology. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and β‐cyclodextrin grafted PEI nanocomposites with magnetic cores for lipase immobilization and esterification
Authors: Khoobi Mehdi , Khalilvand‐Sedagheh Masoud , Ramazani Ali , Asadgol Zahra , Forootanfar Hamid , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDFabrication of nanocomposites with a magnetic core and their applications for enzyme immobilization has been introduced as an intresting trend during recent decades. The present study described the synthesis of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and β‐cyclodextrin grafted PEI nanocomposites with magnetic cores and their applications for lipase immobilization. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared by co‐precipitation of Fe (III) and Fe (II) ions and then coated with polyethylenimine and/or hydroxyapatite/polyethylenimine, followed by grafting β‐cyclodextrin onto the surface of the prepared nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were then characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy and consequently applied for the immobilization of lipase.RESULTSThe results obtained for thermal and pH stability, reusability, and storage stability showed that the MNPs@hydroxyapatite/polyethylenimine/β‐cyclodextrin was the best nanocomposite for lipase immobilization. Application of the immobilized lipase onto the selected nanocomposite for the synthesis of ethyl valerate (green apple flavor) revealed esterification rates of 79% and 62% in n‐hexane and dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively, after 24 h incubation.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained demonstrate good stability, reusability, and potential application of immobilized lipase on magnetic nanocomposite of MNPs@hydroxyapatite/polyethylenimine/β‐cyclodextrin for synthesis of ethyl valerate especially in organic medium. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Targeting Cdk11 in osteosarcoma cells using the CRISPR‐cas9 system
Authors: Feng Yong , Sassi Slim , Shen Jacson K. , Yang Xiaoqian , Gao Yan , Osaka Eiji , Zhang Jianming , Yang Shuhua , Yang Cao , Mankin Henry J. , Hornicek Francis J. , Duan Zhenfeng 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTOsteosarcoma is the most common type primary malignant tumor of bone. Patients with regional osteosarcoma are routinely treated with surgery and chemotherapy. In addition, many patients with metastatic or recurrent osteosarcoma show poor prognosis with current chemotherapy agents. Therefore, it is important to improve the general condition and the overall survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma by identifying novel therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have revealed that CDK11 is essential in osteosarcoma cell growth and survival by inhibiting CDK11 mRNA expression with RNAi. Here, we apply the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)‐Cas9 system, a robust and highly efficient novel genome editing tool, to determine the effect of targeting endogenous CDK11 gene at the DNA level in osteosarcoma cell lines. We show that CDK11 can be efficiently silenced by CRISPR‐Cas9. Inhibition of CDK11 is associated with decreased cell proliferation and viability, and induces cell death in osteosarcoma cell lines KHOS and U‐2OS. Furthermore, the migration and invasion activities are also markedly reduced by CDK11 knockout. These results demonstrate that CRISPR‐Cas9 system is a useful tool for the modification of endogenous CDK11 gene expression, and CRISPR‐Cas9 targeted CDK11 knockout may be a promising therapeutic regimen for the treatment of osteosarcoma. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:199–207, 2015.
Does cochleostomy location influence electrode trajectory and intracochlear trauma?
Authors: Zhou Ling , Friedmann David R. , Treaba Claudiu , Peng Robert , Roland J. Thomas 
Published: October 2014

Objectives/HypothesisTrauma to intracochlear structures during cochlear implant insertion is associated with poorer hearing outcomes. One way surgeons can influence insertion trauma is by choosing the surgical approach. We seek to compare cochleostomy (CO), peri–round window (PRW), and round window (RW) approaches using a fresh frozen temporal bone model.Study DesignExperiments using fresh frozen temporal bones.MethodsCochlear implant insertions using the three aforementioned approaches were performed on 15 fresh frozen human temporal bones using a Cochlear 422 electrode. Insertions were evaluated by examining fluoroscopic recordings of histologic sections.ResultsFive cochlear implant insertions were performed using each of the three aforementioned approaches. Fluoroscopic examination revealed that none of the CO or PRW insertions contacted the modiolus during insertion, whereas three of five RW insertions did. RW insertions were less linear during insertion when compared to CO and PRW insertions (P < .05). CO insertions had significantly larger angular depth of insertion (487°) when compared to PRW (413°) and RW (375°) (P < .05). Histologic examination revealed one RW insertion resulted in osseous spiral lamina fracture, whereas the remaining insertions had no evidence of trauma. In the damaged specimen, the inserted electrode was observed to rest in the scala vestibuli, whereas the remaining electrodes rested in the scala tympani.ConclusionsDue to variability in RW anatomy, a CO or PRW window surgical approach appears to minimize the risk for insertion trauma. However, with favorable anatomy, a Cochlear 422 electrode can be inserted with any of the three approaches.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:966–971, 2015
Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of PDMA‐b‐PS Chains into Granular Nanoparticles: Genesis and Fate
Authors: Bianchi Alberto , Mauri Michele , Bonetti Simone , Koynov Kaloian , Kappl Michael , Lieberwirth Ingo , Butt Hans‐Jürgen , Simonutti Roberto 
Published: October 2014

The hierarchical self‐assembly of an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide)‐block‐polystyrene with a very short hydrophilic block (PDMA10‐b‐PS62), in large granular nanoparticles is reported. While these nanoparticles are stable in water, their disaggregation can be induced either mechanically (i.e., by applying a force via the tip of the cantilever of an atomic force microscope (AFM)) or by partial hydrolysis of the acrylamide groups. AFM force spectroscopy images show the rupture of the particle as a combination of collapse and flow, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of partly hydrolyzed nanoparticles provide a clear picture of the granular structure.
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Epidermal growth factor‐network signaling mediates luteinizing hormone regulation of BNP and CNP and their receptor NPR2 during porcine oocyte meiotic resumption
Authors: Zhang Wenqiang , Chen Qian , Yang Ye , Liu Wei , Zhang Meijia , Xia Guoliang , Wang Chao 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYThe epidermal growth factor (EGF) network, induced by luteinizing hormone (LH), plays an essential role during the regulation of oocyte maturation, cumulus expansion, and ovulation. Binding of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C‐type natriuretic peptide (CNP) to natriuretic receptor 2 (NPR2) generates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a key inhibitor that sustains porcine oocyte meiotic arrest. This correlation suggests that LH interacts with natriuretic‐peptide signaling, possibly via the EGF network, to promote porcine meiotic resumption. In testing this hypothesis, we found that the majority of porcine oocytes remain arrested in the germinal‐vesicle stage after 44 hr of co‐culturing cumulus–oocyte complexes with 107 granulosa cells, which secreted active BNP and CNP; these natriuretic peptides associate with NPR2 on cumulus cells, thereby inhibiting porcine oocyte maturation. This inhibitory effect of BNP and CNP was relieved by EGF‐like growth factors, whose expression naturally increases in granulosa cells 18 hr after human chorionic gonadotropin injection. LH and the EGF‐like peptide amphiregulin (AREG) decreased BNP and CNP production in granulosa cells and down‐regulated NPR2 expression in cumulus cells, which together decreased oocyte cGMP to levels that permit meiotic resumption. The effects of AREG on the gene expression of natriuretic‐peptide signaling components and on oocyte maturation were completely blocked by the EGF receptor kinase inhibitor AG1478; the effect of LH, however, was only partially reversed by AG1478. Based on these results, LH regulates natriuretic‐peptide signaling, although other pathways also cooperate with the EGF network to induce porcine oocyte maturation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 81: 1030–1041, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermo‐hydro‐mechanical modeling with Langmuir's adsorption isotherm of the CO2 injection in coal
Authors: Saliya Kanssoune , Grgic Dragan , Giot Richard , Giraud Albert 
Published: October 2014

SummaryIn this paper, we used a theoretical model for the variation of Eulerian porosity, which takes into account the adsorption process known to be the main mechanism of production or sequestration of gas in many reservoir of coal. This process is classically modeled using Langmuir's isotherm. After implementation in Code_Aster, a fully coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical analysis code for structures calculations, we used numerical simulations to investigate the influence of coal's hydro‐mechanical properties (Biot's coefficient, bulk modulus), Langmuir's adsorption parameters, and the initial liquid pressure in rock mass during CO2 injection in coal. These simulations showed that the increase in the values of Langmuir's parameters and Biot's coefficient promotes a reduction in porosity because of the adsorption process when the gas pressure increases. Low values of bulk modulus increase the positive effect (i.e., increase) of hydro‐mechanical coupling on the porosity evolution. The presence of high initial liquid pressure in the rock mass prevents the progression of injected gas pressure when CO2 dissolution in water is taken into account. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A survey and performance evaluation of decentralized aggregation schemes for autonomic management
Authors: Makhloufi Rafik , Doyen Guillaume , Bonnet Grégory , Gaïti Dominique 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYOver the last few years, autonomic network and service management has emerged as a serious alternative to traditional management approaches. In these systems, distributed entities, called autonomic managers, perform monitoring and control operations in an autonomous and decentralized way. The monitoring consists of providing indicators on the state of the system. Several monitoring solutions have been proposed to enable autonomic managers to obtain a partial or complete knowledge of an indicator through aggregation processes. Such a profusion of solutions raises important questions regarding the choice of an aggregation scheme in a particular operational context and for a particular management information because each class of solution presents different benefits and weaknesses. That is why, in this paper, we present the result of our study of decentralized aggregation schemes for autonomic network and service monitoring. The contribution is twofold: (i) a survey of decentralized aggregation schemes based on a refined taxonomy; and (ii) the results of an evaluation campaign we performed to compare typical aggregation schemes. These results highlight the context, in terms of the managed network behaviour as well as information dynamics, in which each aggregation scheme outperforms the others, thus helping autonomic management system designers in choosing the best scheme for their management purpose. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Online stakeholder targeting and the acquisition of social media capital
Authors: Saxton Gregory D. , Guo Chao 
Published: October 2014

The diffusion of social media has opened new possibilities for targeted stakeholder communication and, with it, new forms of organizational resources. This article examines the nexus between social media‐based stakeholder communication and the acquisition of social media‐based resources, referred to here as social media capital. After laying out a conceptual mapping of both targeted stakeholder communication and social media capital, the article turns to an inductive analysis of the relationship between the messages 117 US community foundations are sending to their core stakeholders on Twitter and subsequent levels of social media capital. The article thus contributes to the existing literature by elaborating new forms of targeted stakeholder communication, a new type of organizational resource, and the relationship between the two. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Necessity of Having a Tetradentate Ligand to Extract Copper(II) Ions from Amyloids
Authors: Nguyen Michel , Rechignat Lionel , Robert Anne , Meunier Bernard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe accumulation of redox‐active metal ions, in particular copper, in amyloid plaques is considered to the cause of the intensive oxidation damage to the brain of patients with Alzheimers disease (AD). Drug candidates based on a bis(8‐aminoquinoline) tetradentate ligand are able to efficiently extract Cu2+ from copper‐loaded amyloids (Cu–Aβ). Contrarily, in the presence of a bidentate hydroxyquinoline, such as clioquinol, the copper is not released from Aβ, but remains sequestrated within a Aβ–Cu–clioquinol ternary complex that has been characterized by mass spectrometry. Facile extraction of copper(II) at a low amyloid/ligand ratio is essential for the re‐introduction of copper in regular metal circulation in the brain. As, upon reduction, the Cu+ is easily released from the bis(8‐aminoquinoline) ligand unable to accommodate CuI, it should be taken by proteins with an affinity for copper. So, the tetradentate bis(8‐aminoquinoline) described here might act as a regulator of copper homeostasis.