bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fear‐learning deficits in subjects with fibromyalgia syndrome?
Authors: Jenewein J. , Moergeli H. , Sprott H. , Honegger D. , Brunner L. , Ettlin D. , Grillon C. , Bloch K. , Brügger M. , Schwegler K. , Schumacher S. , Hasler G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundFibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is frequently associated with psychiatric conditions, particularly anxiety. Deficits in contingency learning during fear conditioning have been hypothesized to increase anxiety and, consequently, pain sensation in susceptible individuals. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between contingency learning and pain experience in subjects with FMS and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsFourteen female FMS subjects, 14 age‐matched female RA subjects and 14 age‐matched female healthy controls (HCs) were included in a fear‐conditioning experiment. The conditioned stimulus (CS) consisted of visual signs, the unconditioned stimulus (US) of thermal stimuli. CS− predicted low‐temperature exposure (US), while CS+ was followed by low or high temperature.ResultsIn the FMS group, only 50% of the subjects were aware of the US–CS contingency, whereas 86% of the RA subjects and all of the HCs were aware of the contingency. CS+ induced more anxiety than CS− in RA subjects and HCs. As expected, low‐temperature exposure was experienced as less painful after CS− than after CS+ in these subjects. FMS subjects did not show such adaptive conditioning. The effects of the type of CS on heart rate changes were significant in the HCs and the aware FMS subjects, but not in the unaware FMS subjects.ConclusionsContingency learning deficits represent a potentially promising and specific, but largely unstudied, psychopathological factor in FMS. Deficits in contingency learning may increase anxiety and, consequently, pain sensation. These findings have the potential to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for FMS.
Achieving landscape‐scale deer management for biodiversity conservation: The need to consider sources and sinks
Authors: Wäber Kristin , Spencer Jonathan , Dolman Paul M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractHyper‐herbivory following predator removal is a global issue. Across North America and Europe, increasing deer numbers are affecting biodiversity and human epidemiology, but effectiveness of deer management in heterogeneous landscapes remains poorly understood. In forest habitats in Europe, deer numbers are rarely assessed and management is mainly based on impacts. Even where managed areas achieve stable or improving impact levels, the extent to which they act as sinks or persist as sources exporting deer to the wider landscape remains unknown. We present a framework to quantify effectiveness of deer management at the landscape scale. Applied across 234 km2of Eastern England, we assessed management of invasive Reeve's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) and native roe (Capreolus capreolus), measuring deer density (using thermal imaging distance transects 780 km/year), fertility, neonatal survival, and culling to quantify source‐sink dynamics over 2008–2010. Despite management that removed 23–40% of the annual population, 1,287 (95% CI: 289–2,680) muntjac and 585 (454–1,533) roe deer dispersed annually into the wider landscape, consistent with their ongoing range expansion. For roe deer, culled individuals comprised fewer young deer than predicted by a Leslie matrix model assuming a closed population, consistent with age‐dependent emigration. In this landscape, for roe and muntjac, an annual cull of at least 60% and 53%, respectively, is required to offset annual production. Failure to quantify deer numbers and productivity has allowed high density populations to persist as regional sources contributing to range expansion, despite deliberative management programs, and without recognition by managers who considered numbers and impacts to be stable. Reversing an unfavorable condition of woodland biodiversity requires appropriate culls across large contiguous areas, supported by knowledge of deer numbers and fertility. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Quasi phase matching in femtosecond pulse volume structured x‐cut lithium niobate
Authors: Thomas Jens , Hilbert Vinzenz , Geiss Reinhard , Pertsch Thomas , Tünnermann Andreas , Nolte Stefan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAll optical inscription of quasi phase matching structures in an x‐cut LiNbO3 crystal is demonstrated. Quasi phase matching is obtained by periodically lowering the nonlinear refractive index of the crystal using focussed ultrashort pulses. The structures were used to frequency double 1.55 µm light. The converted signal could be enhanced by a factor of 70 with respect to the unmodified material. From these measurement it could be deduced that the nonlinearity has been periodically damped up to 20%.
Sales Growth Through Strategic Leadership
Authors: Hatami Homayoun , Prince Sara , de Uster Maria Valdivieso 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn today's business environment, achieving growth is difficult, but “opportunities do exist for companies with the skill and the courage to find them,” the authors write. Strong leaders challenge how work is done, galvanize a company's teams, model positive change, and get personally involved in the process, while avoiding micromanagement. Based on research at their organization, McKinsey & Company, the authors relate that most change programs fail due to employee resistance, management that doesn't support change, and resource/budget issues. Change requires considerable daily work, “but a well‐designed and well‐executed program is worth what may become years of effort.”
Direct Adhesion of Endothelial Cells to Bioinspired Poly(dopamine) Coating Through Endogenous Fibronectin and Integrin α5β1
Authors: Wang Jin‐Lei , Ren Ke‐Feng , Chang Hao , Jia Fan , Li Bo‐Chao , Ji Ying , Ji Jian 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMussel‐inspired poly(dopamine) (PDA) coating is proven to be a simple, versatile, and effective strategy to promote cell adhesion onto various substrates. In this study, the initial adhesive behavior of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is evaluated on a PDA coating under serum‐free conditions. It is found that HUVECs can attach directly to and spread with well‐organized cytoskeleton and fibrillar adhesions on the PDA surface, whereas cells adhere poorly to and barely spread on the control polycaprolactone surface. Endogenous fibronectin and α5β1 integrin are found to be involved in the cell adhesion process. These findings will lead to a better understanding of interactions between cells and PDA coating, paving the way for the further development of PDA. magnified image
Severe Hypoglycemia from Helicobacter Pylori Triple‐Drug Therapy and Insulin Detemir Drug Interaction
Authors: Otsuka Shelley H. 
Published: March 2013

Two drugs commonly used in triple‐drug therapy for treatment of a Helicobacter pylori infection, clarithromycin and omeprazole, have rarely been associated with hypoglycemia when given alone. No documented interactions between H. pylori treatment with clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and omeprazole and insulin detemir have been previously reported. This case report describes an 82‐year‐old man with drug‐controlled type 2 diabetes who experienced severe hypoglycemia during treatment for a H. pylori infection in an outpatient setting. His diabetes treatment included 32 units of insulin detemir once/day at bedtime and insulin aspart, determined by carbohydrate intake, 3 times/day with meals. After 5 days of clarithromycin 500 mg twice/day, amoxicillin 500 mg twice/day, and omeprazole 20 mg twice/day for treatment of the H. pylori infection, the patient experienced hypoglycemia and self‐discontinued clarithromycin. Insulin detemir was decreased to 15 units and hypoglycemia reoccurred. Insulin detemir was further decreased to 10 units without further symptoms of hypoglycemia for the remainder of the H. pylori treatment. Once treatment was completed, the patient was instructed to resume taking 32 units of insulin detemir once/day. His blood glucose concentration returned to a baseline value, and he denied experiencing further hypoglycemic episodes. Health care practitioners should be aware of this possible drug interaction and anticipate that insulin detemir dosage adjustments may be required during treatment of H. pylori infection to avoid significant adverse events.
Instability of the chiral phase and electronic ferroelectricity in the extended Falicov–Kimball model
Authors: Golosov D. I. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe consider a spinless extended Falicov–Kimball model (EFKM) at half‐filling, for the case of opposite‐parity bands. Within the Hartree–Fock approach, we calculate the excitation energies in the chiral phase, which is a possible mean‐field solution in the presence of a hybridisation. It is shown that the chiral phase is unstable. We then briefly review the accumulated results on stability and degeneracies of the excitonic insulator phase. Based on these, we conclude that the presence of both hybridisation and narrow‐band hopping is required for electronic ferroelectricity (EFE).
An investigation on TCP large initial window
Authors: Biswas Israfil 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYTransport layer implicates a position where satellite networks form one integrated component of hybrid Internet architecture in today's advance technology. However, the Internet has emerged with an important new class of applications that exhibits significant variations of transmission rate over time. Variable‐rate traffic poses a new challenge for transmission control protocol that provides congestion control, especially for applications that need to share the limited capacity of a bottleneck over a long delay Internet path (e.g. paths that include satellite links). Variable‐rate traffic can be produced by persistent transmission control protocol connections and can be impacted by the initial window at the start or during the restart of a session. Current transport research issues are identified related to larger initial window to highlight the expected performance benefits and derive the implications on the design of geostationary satellite Internet systems as the network evolves toward a next‐generation Internet. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolution of Published Research on Molten Slags and Fluxes in the Second Millennium
Authors: Boom Rob , Riaz Shahid , Xiao Yanping , Mills Kenneth C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractStarting in 1997 with the 5th International Conference on Slags and Fluxes, a survey on research on slags has been carried out for every conference on slags and fluxes. Trends from 1980, the year of the first conference in Halifax, Canada, have been traced and discussed. For the ninth conference in the series, the survey is focused on research on molten slags and fluxes published from 2000 to 2010. In these 10 years, the center of gravity of the metals industry has shifted eastwards towards China, and the slags and fluxes literature follows this geographical shift with reference to numbers of papers published per annum. The increased attention on sustainable metals production (including recycling of valuable metals and reuse of slags as cement or construction material) is reflected in the type of research on slags. Minimization of slag production per unit of metal produced is another trend triggering innovative production process development. An in‐depth analysis is given of papers published in 2010 in selected journals from China, Europe and USA in terms of slag systems, type of research and geographical origin.
Characteristics of Alumina‐Based Inclusions in Low Carbon Al‐Killed Steel under No‐Stirring Condition
Authors: Yang Wen , Wang Xinhua , Zhang Lifeng , Wang Wanjun 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAlumina‐based inclusions have a detrimental effect on castability and the surface quality of the LCAK steel sheet, thus they are expected to be removed from the steel. In order to get the detailed transient characteristics of inclusion aggregation and removal after Al addition, laboratory experiments were performed to study the formation of alumina inclusions during Al‐killed process of low carbon steel at 1873 K under no‐stirring condition. The characteristics of the alumina‐based inclusions in terms of amount, size, and morphology were investigated. The results showed that the evolution of the AF (area fraction) and average size of Al2O3 inclusions after deoxidation was divided into three stages: 0–9 min, aggregation was dominant; 9–22 min, floating was dominant; after 22 min, both the AF and size decreased slowly. Accordingly, the stirring was suggested to be strengthened in the initial 9 min under stirring condition to promote the removal of large inclusions. Based on the correlation between inclusion morphology and holding time, a simple precipitation and growth mechanism of alumina inclusions was proposed, which consisted of three main stages: precipitation stage of Al2O3 single particles, aggregation stage, and sintering stage of aggregated inclusions. And it was implied that the Ostwald‐Ripening can be finished up within 20 min.
Avoidance of Calibrating Errors with Viscosity Measurements of Metallurgical Slags
Authors: Heller Hans‐Peter , Hötzel Michael , Lychatz Bernd , Haustein Nicole 
Published: March 2013

AbstractFor the investigation of rheological features like dynamic viscosity, a high temperature rheometer was able to be successfully established at the Institute of Iron and Steel Technology of the TU Bergakademie Freiberg. Based on known calibration problems with high‐level pyrometries, the viscosity was calculated directly without calibration. This is possible with an air‐bearing rheometer and exact absolute torque measurement via the electrical parameters of the drive and via movement parameters and geometry of the measuring pairing. This technique meets the desired requirements in view of measuring accuracy and reproducibility of the measured results. The measurements were carried out on silicone oils in the low temperature range under dynamic conditions. It was demonstrated that the silicone oils are suited for comparative measurements under different rheological conditions. The results from the comparison of the two measuring systems (CPM and CCM in high temperature configuration) have shown that, in the high‐level temperature range, a measurement error <1% is to be expected.
Power‐aware range‐free wireless sensor network localization using neighbor distance distribution
Authors: Gopakumar Aloor , Jacob Lillykutty 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTIn large‐scale wireless sensor networks, cost‐effective and energy‐efficient localization of sensor nodes is an important research topic. In spite of their coarse accuracy, range‐free (connectivity‐based) localization methods are considered as cost‐effective alternatives to the range‐based localization schemes with specialized hardware requirements.In this paper, we derive closed‐form expressions for the average minimum transmit powers required for the localization of sensor nodes, under deterministic path loss, log‐normal shadowing, and Rayleigh fading channel models. The impacts of propagation environment and spatial density of anchor nodes on the minimum transmit power for node localization are evaluated analytically as well as through simulations. Knowledge of the minimum transmit power requirements for localizability of a sensor node enables improving energy efficiency and prolonging lifetime of the network. We also propose a novel distance metric for range‐free localization in large‐scale sensor networks. The target and anchor nodes are assumed to be positioned according to two statistically independent two‐dimensional homogeneous Poisson point processes. Analytical expression for the average distance from a target node to its kth nearest neighbor anchor node is derived and is used for estimating the target‐to‐anchor node distances for localization. The Cramér–Rao lower bound on the localization accuracy for the new distance estimator is derived. Simulation results show the accuracy of the proposed distance estimate compared with some existing ones for range‐free localization. The results of our investigation are significant for low‐cost, energy‐efficient localization of wireless sensor nodes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extending P2PMesh: topology‐aware schemes for efficient peer‐to‐peer data sharing in wireless mesh networks
Authors: Alasaad Amr , Gopalakrishnan Sathish , Leung Victor C.M. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTWireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged as a promising technology that provides low‐cost broadband access to the Internet for fixed and mobile wireless end users. An orthogonal evolution in computer networking has been the rise of peer‐to‐peer (P2P) applications such as P2P data sharing. It is of interest to enable effective P2P data sharing in this type of networks. Conventional P2P data sharing systems are not cognizant of the underlying network topology and therefore suffer from inefficiency. We argue for dual‐layer mesh network architecture with support from wireless mesh routers for P2P applications. The main contribution of this paper is P2PMesh: a topology‐aware system that provides combined architecture and efficient schemes for enabling efficient P2P data sharing in WMNs. The P2PMesh architecture utilizes three schemes: (i) an efficient content lookup that mitigates traffic load imbalance at mesh routers; (ii) an efficient establishment of download paths; and (iii) a data transfer protocol for multi‐hop wireless networks with limited capacity. We note here that the path establishment and data transfer schemes are specific to P2P traffic and that other traffic would use routes determined by the default routing protocol in the WMN. Simulation results suggest that P2PMesh has the potential to improve the performance of P2P applications in a wireless multi‐hop setting; specifically, we focused on data sharing, but other P2P applications can also be supported by this approach. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality of service‐aware coordinated dynamic spectrum access: prioritized Markov model and call admission control
Authors: Jiang Xueyuan , Zhang Yangyang , Wong Kai‐Kit , Kim Jae Moung , Edwards David J. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose a heterogeneous‐prioritized spectrum sharing policy for coordinated dynamic spectrum access networks, where a centralized spectrum manager coordinates the access of primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs) to the spectrum. Through modeling the access of PUs and multiple classes of SUs as continuous‐time Markov chains, we analyze the overall system performance with consideration of a grade‐of‐service guarantee for both the PUs and the SUs. In addition, two new call admission control (CAC) strategies are devised in our models to enhance the maximum admitted traffic of SUs for the system. Numerical results show that the proposed heterogeneous‐prioritized policy achieves higher maximum admitted traffic for SUs. The trade‐off between the system's serving capability and the fairness among multiple classes of SUs is also studied. Moreover, the proposed CAC strategies can achieve better performance under max‐sum, proportional, and max‐min fairness criteria than the conventional CAC strategies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of progenin III from total steroidal saponins of Dioscorea nipponica Makino using a crude enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae strain
Authors: Liu Tingqiang , Yu Hongshan , Liu Chunying , Bao Yongming , Hu Xiangchun , Wang Yuanhao , Liu Bing , Fu Yaoyao , Tang Sihui , Jin Fengxie 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Progenin III, one of the most active spirostanol saponins, is a potential candidate for anti-cancer therapy due to its strong antitumor activity and low hemolytic activity. However, the concentration of progenin III is extremely low in natural Dioscorea plants. In this paper, the progenin III production from total steroidal saponins of Dioscorea nipponica Makino was studied using the crude enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae DLFCC-38. The crude enzyme converting total steroidal saponins into progenin III was obtained from the A. oryzae DLFCC-38 culture. For enzyme production, the strain was cultured for 72 h at 30 °C with shaking at 150 rpm in 5 % (w/v) malt extract medium containing 2 % (v/v) extract of D. nipponica as the enzyme inducer. The crude enzyme converted total steroidal saponins into major progenin III with a high yield when the reaction was carried out for 9 h at 50 °C and pH 5.0 with the 20 mg/ml of substrate. In the preparation of progenin III, 117 g of crude progenin III was obtained from 160 g of substrate, and the crude product was purified with silica gel column to obtain 60.3 g progenin III of 93.4 % purity.
Gender Differences on Ultrasound Imaging of Lateral Abdominal Muscle Thickness in Asymptomatic Adults: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rho Monica , Spitznagle Theresa , Van Dillen Linda , Maheswari Vaibhav , Oza Sonal , Prather Heidi 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo describe gender and side‐to‐side differences in lateral abdominal wall muscle thickness at rest and during contraction in asymptomatic adults.DesignCross‐sectional observational study.SettingTertiary university outpatient musculoskeletal clinic.PatientsAsymptomatic, healthy adults.MethodsA single examiner with training in ultrasound (US) assessment evaluated all subjects and used a different hand to guide the US transducer on each side. Bilateral anteroposterior measurements of transversus abdominis (TrA) and internal oblique (IO) thickness were assessed at rest and during maximal contraction with the use of an abdominal draw‐in maneuver (ADM). Three sets of data points were obtained on 12 subjects to determine intrarater reliability within a single session.Main Outcome MeasurementsAnteroposterior thickness of TrA and IO muscles (cm).ResultsA total of 20 subjects (mean age, 29.3 years; range, 23‐46 years; 8 men and 12 women; mean body mass index, 24.4 kg/m2; range, 18.9‐34.9 kg/m2) were examined. At rest, men had greater TrA and IO thickness compared with women (men, 0.55, and women, 0.35, P = .01; and men, 0.95, and women, 0.77, P = .04, respectively). At rest, there were no side‐to‐side differences of TrA or IO muscles for both genders. With an ADM, women demonstrated a significant percent change in thickness of their TrA muscle compared with men (women, 0.77, and men, 0.29, P = .001). No significant difference was found between men and women in the percent change of IO thickness with ADM (women, 0.20, and men, 0.12, P = .24). There was excellent intrarater reliability for measurements of the right abdominal muscles (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.92‐0.95) and moderate‐to‐good intrarater reliability for measurements of the left abdominal muscles (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.62‐0.92).ConclusionsAsymptomatic men have greater TrA and IO thickness at rest compared with asymptomatic women; however, women demonstrated a greater percent change in TrA thickness with an ADM compared with men.