bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women in the informal sector in Mauritius: a survival mode
Authors: Kasseeah Harshana , Tandrayen-Ragoobur Verena 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse the characteristics of women entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector in Mauritius and to investigate the impact of women entrepreneurship on their own livelihoods and that of their families.Design/methodology/approach– Using survey data on 158 women entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector, the authors analyse whether there has been an improvement in the standard of living of women entrepreneurs as a result of their informal entrepreneurial activities.Findings– Findings reveal that the informal sector has provided a self-employment outlet for unemployed and retrenched women in Mauritius. Even if for a majority, their earnings remain low, their informal activity has indeed helped to contribute to their livelihood and household earnings.Research limitations/implications– Research on informal sector businesses is fraught with limitations, given that these firms operate on the fringes of legality and data are thus a major issue. Hence interviewing owners of informal sector businesses to get relevant data is quite challenging.Practical implications– The results indicate that informal entrepreneurial activities contribute positively to women's livelihoods, hence policy should be aimed at encouraging women agency even if it is in the informal sector.Social implications– The study helps to shed light as to whether entrepreneurship even if it exists in the informal sector helps to improve the living of these women and their families.Originality/value– This study is innovative as it investigates the livelihood of a vulnerable section of the population, in this case, women entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector. The authors find that the informal sector provides women with higher income when they are married and are more formally educated.
Comparing antecedents of voluntary job turnover among majority and minority employees
Authors: Hofhuis Joep , Van der Zee Karen I. , Otten Sabine 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– Cultural minority employees often display higher rates of voluntary turnover than majority employees, which reduces organizations’ ability to benefit from diversity in the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to identify specific job domains which are responsible for this difference.Design/methodology/approach– Study 1 compares actual turnover motives of voluntarily resigned minority and majority employees, based on seven job domains. Study 2 compares satisfaction with the same domains, and the subsequent relationship with turnover intentions, of remaining employees within the same organization.Findings– The two studies provided consistent results, revealing that minority employees experience more negative social interactions in the workplace, and experience less opportunities for career advancement. Both factors are shown to be more predictive of turnover intentions as well as actual turnover decisions among minority employees.Research limitations/implications– This research makes use of a distinction between several broad job domains, two which are shown to predict turnover of minority employees. Future studies should focus on uncovering more specific factors involved in these two particular domains.Practical implications– Based on the results, the authors advise organizations to pay specific attention to reducing negative social interactions between cultural groups and fostering inclusion, for example, through interventions aimed at intercultural leadership and establishing a strong diversity climate. These activities may also support career advancement of minority employees, but more specific interventions aimed at equality in career perspectives could also help reduce minority turnover.Originality/value– This paper is the first to directly compare turnover motives and predictors of turnover intentions between majority and minority groups in the same organization.
Gender wage gaps in Australian workplaces: are policy responses working?
Authors: Chang Joshua , Connell Julia , Burgess John , Travaglione Antonio 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to focus on the implications of the gender wage gap in Australia, before considering policy responses and their effectiveness at both the government and workplace levels.

Design/methodology/approach
– The method concerns an extensive literature review and an examination of secondary data and reports relating to workplace gender equality and data.

Findings
– While the gender wage gap in most OECD countries has decreased over time, in Australia the gap has increased, with the largest contributory factor identified as gender discrimination. Consequently it is proposed that current policy responses supporting women in the workplace appear to be ineffective in closing gender wage gaps.

Research limitations/implications
– Further research is recommended to identify the impact of gender equality policies on hiring decisions and whether such decisions include an unwillingness to hire or promote women. As findings were based on secondary data, it is recommended that future research include workplace surveys and case studies.

Practical implications
– It is suggested that articles such as this one can assist in guiding public policy and workplace decisions on gender wage equality issues, in addition to providing human resource leaders with the information to make better decisions relating to gender equality.

Originality/value
– This paper suggests that current policy responses may not only be ineffective in closing the gender wage gap, but may even exacerbate it as employers may avoid hiring women or continue to pay them less than men, due to costs incurred when attempting to meet policy directives.
Oman's labour force: an analysis of gender in management
Authors: Kemp Linzi J , Madsen Susan R. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the state of affairs in the Sultanate of Oman for the presence (or absence) of women in senior and managerial roles in private companies. The study also investigates where women are located within the organisations (e.g. as board members, chief officers, vice presidents, top management, division or unit heads).

Design/methodology/approach
– This is a quantitative study that analysed gender in the largest 122 private and publicly listed organisations in Oman. The study is based on data available from the Zawya database that tracks information about companies in the Middle East and North Africa region.

Findings
– Women are employed in Oman in small numbers when compared with the number of men. Women remain extremely underrepresented in senior roles in Omani organisations currently. Women are found slightly (but not significantly) more in departmental management roles (particularly in human resource management, marketing/communication, public relations, and project management) and in the transport and finance industries.

Research limitations/implications
– The Zawya database did not contain complete data on each company analysed. Hence, this is a descriptive study and lacked advanced statistical techniques for comparison and relationship analysis.

Practical implications
– This study increases the academic knowledge on international issues in gender and management. The study also provides insights for government leaders, educators, and scholars who work to help prepare women for leadership in this region.

Originality/value
– This is one of the first scholarly studies conducted on the presence of women in senior positions and management within Oman. It adds value as it is the first study to compare gender in management across roles, industrial classification, size of company, and ownership.
Hostile territory: employers’ unwillingness to accommodate transgender employees
Authors: Rudin Joel , Ruane Sinead , Ross Linda , Farro Andrea , Billing Tejinder 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to enhance the understanding of employers’ responses to the restroom requests of transgender employees, and to assess the ability as educators to reduce transphobia in the students.Design/methodology/approach– Subjects were 194 undergraduate business students at a medium-sized public university in the northeastern USA who were enrolled in an undergraduate course in organizational behavior. During class, they read a brief case which asked the students to play the role of a CEO in Little Rock, Arkansas, receiving a complaint from a female employee about using the same restroom as a coworker who is transitioning from male to female.Findings– The most inclusive response was also the rarest, with only 27 percent of students recommending unisex bathrooms. Hostile actions, forcing the transitioning employee to use the men's restroom, were recommended by 38 percent of those who correctly realized that an employee would be unprotected by sexual orientation discrimination law in this case and by 30 percent of those who thought that she could sue for that type of discrimination in that jurisdiction.Research limitations/implications– It would be interesting to replicate this with non-student samples such as human resource managers and executives. The use of a US sample and of a text-based case can also be viewed as weaknesses. Because gender identity is embodied, self-constructed, and socially constructed, no single research study can capture the totality of work life for transgender employees.Practical implications– Transphobia is so powerful that a substantial percentage of the students recommended courses of action that they believed to be illegal even though the study was designed to discourage a hostile response. Employers that are concerned about transgender rights will need to do a lot more than just grafting the word “transgender” onto their extant set of policies.Social implications– Since today's business students are tomorrow's business leaders, the authors could eventually make the business world more tolerant if the authors could identify a message that resonates with the students and causes them to re-evaluate their homophobia and transphobia.Originality/value– Empirical studies of transgender issues have been dominated by the qualitative approach, so there is a need for more quantitative research on this topic. The hostile responses usually indicated greater acceptance of transgender employees who have completed gender reassignment surgery. This seems difficult to reconcile with a conception of transphobia as a generalized distaste towards all those who transgress gender norms.
Net/working: higher education in the age of neoliberalism, crisis and social media
Authors: H. El-Shall Maryam 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examines the history and goals of online instruction in higher education by linking them to the neoliberal agenda emerging at the end of the 1980s and early 1990s. Here, the author argues that the move toward more online, socially mediated instruction in higher education is symptomatic of larger socio-political and economic constraints that have been placed upon the academy.

Design/methodology/approach
– The author demonstrates the practical impact of neoliberal shifts in higher education with the emergence of the online for-profit institution – The University of Phoenix. Here, the author shows the ways in which the advent of the internet, together with the expansion of social – both individual and institutional – networks, come together with neoliberal shifts in government to simultaneously render the university both more and less relevant as an institution. The author limits analysis to the language of connectivity and networking evident in online educational settings to highlight more directly the broader shifts in taking place in the contemporary academy surrounding the tension between professional integrity and institutional marketability produced by the proliferation of online, for-profit colleges and universities.

Findings
– In part four, the author argues that the institutional response to this state of affairs has been to both expand and limit the mission of the university from a space of formal education to a site of biopolitical production, where students come not merely to earn a degree in anticipation of landing a job, but also, to learn to configure and manage themselves.

Practical implications
– In the concluding section, the author explores the professional implications of these changes through an analysis of the popular professor rating site – Rate My Professors.

Originality/value
– The approach the author takes in this paper enables us to more closely exam the ways in which neoliberal mandates for quantifiable measures of institutional “effectiveness” center on a fundamental restructuring of the instructor-student relationship toward a service model wherein the instructor becomes the manager of emotions whose goal is connect with students and so model the kind of affective flexibility and resourcefulness they in turn will requires when joining the workforce.
Local entropy generation in co-flowing turbulent jets with variable density
Authors: Hichem Gazzah Mohamed , Belmabrouk Hafedh 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The effects of a co-flow and inlet jet temperature on local entropy generation in turbulent round jets have been studied numerically. The second-order closure turbulence model has been used. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Numerical results are presented and discussed.

Findings
– The numerical results for the mean quantities, entrainment of air, mixing efficiency, generation of entropy rate and Merit number are presented and discussed.

Originality/value
– The expansion of the jet at low velocity of the co-flow and high inlet jet temperature enhances the heat transfer rate and reduces the irreversibility of the jet.
Nanoparticle-laden gas flow around a circular cylinder at high Reynolds number
Authors: Tu Chengxu , Zhang Jian 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– Experiments to investigate the characteristic distribution of nanoparticle-laden gas flow around a circular cylinder were performed with a fast mobility particle spectrometer. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– The fast mobility particle sizer spectrometer is used to measure quasi-instantaneous particle number density. The acquired particle number density, total concentration, and geometric mean diameter at free stream and in the wake were used to discuss the particle characteristic distribution. The time-averaged velocity field detected by particle imaging velocimetry was used to investigate the effect of carried phase on nanoparticles distribution.Findings– Results show that the total particle concentration in the free stream is larger than that in the wake. However, the geometric mean diameter of particle in the free stream is smaller than that in the wake for different Re. The total particle concentration and geometric mean diameter in the free stream and the wake both change in the same way, but with an obvious lag which increases with Re. Despite particle deposition, the number density of particles with electrical-mobility-equivalent diameters in the range from 220.7 to 523.3 nm in the wake is still higher than that in the free stream.Originality/value– Though the particles-laden gas flow around a circular cylinder had been studied experimentally and numerically before, where particles are larger than one micrometer, investigators paid little attention on the nanoparticles-laden gas flow where particles are smaller than one micrometer, especially at high Reynolds number, because numerical methods so far cannot deal these problems completely and satisfactorily. However, this issue is widely existing in nature and engineering application, such as superfine dust or microorganism captured by a circular cylinder model.
Analysis of orientation and tensor properties of airborne fibrous particle flow
Authors: Sun Ke , Lu Lin , Jiang Yu 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of particle shapes (spherical particle and nonspherical fiber) on their orientation distributions in indoor environment.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper adopted a particle model to predict the fibrous particle flow and distribution, and analyzed the orientation distributions of nonspherical fiber particles and spherical particles in airflows like indoor places. Fokker-Planck model was employed to solve the orientation behavior of nonspherical fiber particles.

Findings
– The simulation results discover that the nonspherical airborne fiber particles have very different characteristics and behaviors and their orientation distributions are totally different from the uniform distribution of spherical particles. The investigation of the particle orientation tensor and orientation strength indicates that the airflow field becomes more anisotropic due to the suspended fibers. The airborne fiber particles increase the viscosity of the room airflow due to the fiber induced additional viscosity.

Originality/value
– Orientation tensor, strength and additional viscosity in fibrous flow are seldom investigated indoor. This research reveals that the particle shape has to be considered in the analysis of particle transport and distribution in indoor places as most suspended indoor particles are nonspherical.
New numerical technique for solving the fractional Huxley equation
Authors: El-Sayed El-Danaf Talaat , Ali Zaki Mfida , Moenaaem Wedad 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility of extension to the variational iteration and the Adomian decomposition methods for solving nonlinear Huxley equation with time-fractional derivative.

Design/methodology/approach
– Objectives achieved the main methods: the fractional derivative of f (x) in the Caputo sense is first stated. Second, the time-fractional Huxley equation is written in a differential operator form where the differential operator is in Caputo sense. After acting on both sides by the inverse operator of the fractional differential operator in Caputo sense, the Adomian's decomposition is then used to get the power series solution of the resulted time-fractional Huxley equation. Also, a second objective is achieved by applying the variational iteration method to get approximate solutions for the time-fractional Huxley equation.

Findings
– There are some important findings to state and summarize here. First, the variational iteration method and the decomposition method provide the solutions in terms of convergent series with easily computable components for this considered problem. Second, it seems that the approximate solution of time-fractional Huxley equation using the decomposition method converges faster than the approximate solution using the variational iteration method. Third, the variational iteration method handles nonlinear equations without any need for the so-called Adomian polynomials. However, Adomian decomposition method provides the components of the exact solution, where these components should follow the summation given in Equation (21).

Originality/value
– This paper presents new materials in terms of employing the variational iteration and the Adomian decomposition methods to solve the problem under consideration. It is expected that the results will give some insightful conclusions for the used techniques to handle similar fractional differential equations. This emphasizes the fact that the two methods are applicable to a broad class of nonlinear problems in fractional differential equations.
A study of natural convection heat transfer in a nanofluid filled enclosure with elliptic inner cylinder
Authors: Sheikholeslami M. , Ellahi R. , Hassan Mohsan , Soleimani Soheil 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of natural convection heat transfer in a cold outer circular enclosure containing a hot inner elliptic circular cylinder. The fluid in the enclosure is Cu-water nanofluid. The main emphasis is to find the numerical treatment for the said mathematical model. The effects of Rayleigh number, inclined angle of elliptic inner cylinder, effective of thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid, volume fraction of nanoparticles on the flow and heat transfer characteristics have been examined.

Design/methodology/approach
– A very effective and higher order numerical scheme Control Volume-based Finite Element Method (CVFEM) is used to solve the resulting coupled equations. The numerical investigation is carried out for different governing parameters namely; the Rayleigh number, nanoparticle volume fraction and inclined angle of elliptic inner cylinder. The effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are calculated using the Maxwell-Garnetts (MG) and Brinkman models, respectively.

Findings
– The results reveal that Nusselt number increases with an increase of nanoparticle volume fraction, Rayleigh numbers and inclination angle. Also it can be found that increasing Rayleigh number leads to a decrease in heat transfer enhancement. For high Rayleigh number the minimum heat transfer enhancement ratio occurs at.

Originality/value
– To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no such analysis is available in the literature which can describe the natural convection heat transfer in a nanofluid filled enclosure with elliptic inner cylinder by means of CVFEM.
A finite element analysis on combined convection and conduction in a channel with a thick walled cavity
Authors: Rahman M.M. , Oztop Hakan , Mekhilef S. , Saidur R. , Chamkha A. , Ahsan A. , S. Al-Salem Khaled 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of thick wall parameters of a cavity on combined convection in a channel. In other words, conjugate heat transfer is solved.

Design/methodology/approach
– Galerkin weighted residual finite element method is used to solve the governing equations of mixed convection.

Findings
– The streamlines, isotherms, local and average Nusselt numbers are obtained and presented for different parameters. It is found heat transfer is an increasing function of dimensionless thermal conductivity ratio.

Originality/value
– The literature does not have mixed convection and conjugate heat transfer problem in a channel with thick walled cavity.
The meshless method of radial basis functions for the numerical solution of time fractional telegraph equation
Authors: Mohebbi Akbar , Abbaszadeh Mostafa , Dehghan Mehdi 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to show that the meshless method based on radial basis functions (RBFs) collocation method is powerful, suitable and simple for solving one and two dimensional time fractional telegraph equation.Design/methodology/approach– In this method the authors first approximate the time fractional derivatives of mentioned equation by two schemes of ordersO(τ3−α) andO(τ2−α), 1/2<α<1, then the authors will use the Kansa approach to approximate the spatial derivatives.Findings– The results of numerical experiments are compared with analytical solution, revealing that the obtained numerical solutions have acceptance accuracy.Originality/value– The results show that the meshless method based on the RBFs and collocation approach is also suitable for the treatment of the time fractional telegraph equation.