bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bringing gourmet coffee to India: lessons of an Italian firm in an emerging market
Authors: Bertoldi Bernardo , Giachino Chiara , Marenco Silvio 
Published: October 2012

Purpose:The increasing importance of branding has been highlighted by many authors and there is a general absence of a clearly defined approach taken by companies to penetrate emerging markets with their brands, especially with reference to the Indian market. This paper aims to investigate brand strategies implemented by food and beverage firms going international and, in particular, to determine how to build the brand strategy on entering emerging markets through acquisitions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors had the opportunity to follow the operation conducted by the Lavazza Company in India for three years (2007‐2010), although the majority of the interviews were done in the first two years of the research. The research focused on the brand strategy for the specific case of the Lavazza Company by using a qualitative approach based on interviews with the Lavazza Management. The first session of interviews was carried out during 2007‐2008 with two objectives: to understand the Lavazza Company's values and strategies, the Indian culture and the opportunities that this country could offer the Italian company; to follow the strategy used by the Italian Company in order to manage the period of transition after the acquisition of the two Indian companies. The second session of interviews was carried out during 2009‐2010 in order to verify the current situation and to finalize the framework developed. Interviews lasted two and a half hours on average and when possible were supported by documentation referring to the strategies adopted in India by Lavazza, and to researches and studies either conducted or commissioned by the Lavazza Company.FindingsThe key factors to consider when a European leading brand decides to expand abroad in emerging markets are presented to ensure a successful adaptive brand strategy for the entering company. The authors sum up the main steps to follow in a simple framework, namely a process: of pre‐assessment; adaptive brand strategy building; implementation; and monitoring.Research limitations/implicationsThe investigation is limited to the brand strategy used by an Italian company entering the Indian market. It is further limited to the investigation of a single company, the Lavazza Company of Turin, and the manner in which the brand strategy was adapted in this specific case. If improvements can be made to the framework by using other case studies, this guideline could be very useful to companies looking for a structure before entering an emerging market.Practical implicationsThe paper offers recommendations on how important firms operating in the food and beverage industry can be most effective in managing their brands abroad and illustrate the required steps and strategic choices that companies need to set in place when deciding to go international.Originality/valueThe paper shows how a real multinational company operates in an emerging market. In this way, it is possible for the management to have an example of what happens in reality.
Business alliances: why managerial thinking and biases determine success
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Nathwani Anoop 
Published: October 2012

PurposeAlliances are unstable and while a number of explanations have been offered for understanding instability a motivational oriented approach remains underdeveloped. This paper seeks to provide a motivational oriented explanation for understanding alliance instability. Firms may enter into an alliance either with a promotion or a prevention mind set and this can be consequential for alliance development.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw upon regulatory focus theory and its applications in an alliancing context to derive implications for alliance management. Regulatory focus theory is now increasingly being used to explain various types of organizational phenomenon (e.g. contracting, leadership, alliances). The paper distinguishes between a promotion oriented and a prevention oriented mind set and explores the impact of the different mind sets at the alliance formation, operation, and the outcome stage.FindingsA key finding is that different mind sets (promotion vs prevention) affect alliance formation, operation, and outcome. At the formation stage the mind sets may determine the success or failure of negotiations; at the operational stage they may determine if conflicts escalate or deescalate; while at the outcome stage they may determine whether the partners continue with or seek to exit from the alliance.Practical implicationsThe different motivational orientations have implications for alliance negotiations, the management of the alliance during the operational phase, and/or the decisions that are made by alliancing firms at the outcome phase of the alliance. The paper develops implications for how alliances should be managed for attaining success.Originality/valueThe paper should be of interest to alliance managers as it will give them a new lens for understanding the drivers of alliance success and failure. The impact of motivation on alliance success and failure has not been studied to date and this paper provides a novel approach to assessing its impact.
A feminist interpretation of Grameen Bank Sixteen Decisions campaign
Authors: Abdur Rouf Kazi 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to look at Grameen Bank (GB) Sixteen Decisions campaigns and its implications to feminism; and to examine the degree to which women borrowers of the Grameen Bank are empowered to participate in familial decision‐making around dowry and teenage marriage and to develop their public spaces in the community. Moreover, the paper critically looks at the GB women borrowers' development through the Sixteen Decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses multiple research methods. It reviews and analyzes GB Sixteen Decision texts and feminist literature, uses survey method to collect data from Grameen Bank micro borrowers in 2011 and uses secondary data.FindingsThe survey finds information on the GB members and GB family members elected in the Union Parishad Elections in 1997 and in 2003, a testimony that GB women borrowers' local counsel participation trend is increasing. This study still finds the gender equality issues exist in the GB Sixteen Decisions texts and the Sixteen Decisions campaign strategies for women borrowers' empowerment.Originality/valueThis critical analysis of GB Sixteen Decisions is very important to empower GB women borrowers because the GB Sixteen Decisions texts and the Sixteen Decisions campaigns could be made more effective in addressing women's issues like dowry‐less marriage, teenage marriage and gender equality rights in the family and community space if Grameen Bank could revise the Sixteen Decisions texts and support borrowers in their anti‐dowry and anti‐teen age marriage campaign in Bangladesh.
Scheduling of a flexible job‐shop using a multi‐objective genetic algorithm
Authors: Agrawal Rajeev , Pattanaik L.N. , Kumar S. 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to solve a flexible job shop scheduling problem where alternate machines are available to process the same job. The study considers the Flexible Job Shop Problem (FJSP) having n jobs and more than three machines for scheduling.Design/methodology/approachFJSP for n jobs and more than three machines is non polynomial (NP) hard in nature and hence a multi‐objective genetic algorithm (GA) based approach is presented for solving the scheduling problem. The two objective functions formulated are minimizations of the make‐span time and total machining time. The algorithm uses a unique method of generating initial populations and application of genetic operators.FindingsThe application of GA to the multi‐objective scheduling problem has given optimum solutions for allocation of jobs to the machines to achieve nearly equal utilisation of machine resources. Further, the make span as well as total machining time is also minimized.Research limitations/implicationsThe model can be extended to include more machines and constraints such as machine breakdown, inspection etc., to make it more realistic.Originality/valueThe paper presents a successful implementation of a meta‐heuristic approach to solve a NP‐hard problem of FJSP scheduling and can be useful to researchers and practitioners in the domain of production planning.
System dynamics investigation of information technology in small and medium enterprise supply chain
Authors: Sidola Atul , Kumar Pradeep , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the impact of information technology (IT) capabilities on an organization's performance. It investigates the effect of adoption of IT on the market share of the small and medium enterprise.Design/methodology/approachThe system dynamics methodology is used as a modeling and analysis tool to investigate the supply chain problem of an organization. The simulation model of the supply chain is made considering the relationships among different variables, using system dynamics concepts.FindingsThis work suggests that an organization should increase its capacity joining rate simultaneously with increase in orders (which increases due to improvement in IT capability), to reduce further backlog which leads to customer switch to another manufacturer.Research limitations/implicationsThe work is based on simulation work, so the results cannot be generalized for all situations.Originality/valueThe present model can be used to study different scenarios and variables. Also, the model can be extended by considering more accumulations and variables in the supply chain system. It may be useful to policy makers, decision makers and regulators dealing with a wide spectrum of strategic issues and policies in the supply chain.
Humanitarian supply chain management in India: a SAP‐LAP framework
Authors: John Lijo , Ramesh A. 
Published: October 2012

PurposeHumanitarian Supply chain Management (HSCM) is concerned with managing the efficient flow of aid materials, information and services to reduce the impact of disaster on human lives. Post 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the relief activities in India were not planned and executed properly. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the present situation existing to tackle a disaster, identify the gaps and suggest few mechanisms to overcome the gaps.Design/methodology/approachA situation‐actor‐process (SAP) learning‐action performance (LAP) model has been applied to analyze the HSCM activities in India. The “situation” represents the present scenario of the organization. Actors are the participants, influencing the situation to evolve different business processes. Based on SAP, various “learning” issues have been analyzed which lead to suitable “action” to be followed by impact of SAP on the “performance” of the supply chain of the organization.FindingsVarious issues that need attention are identification of the supply sources, co‐ordination among the actors, importance of a central authority, role of experienced SCM professionals, scarcity and abundance of the resources may be seen together, supply chain understanding in the disaster management and necessity of a financial supply chain.Research limitations/implicationsThe general model of SAP‐LAP is used to explain various issues of HSCM in a managerial context.Practical implicationsThe SAP‐LAP model presents the situation of HSCM in India to actors who may initiate the relief operations. It also helps in identifying issues in the current method of operation. The synthesis of SAP leads to LAP, which helps in suggesting the improvement actions or the learning from the present situation, actors and processes.Originality/valueThe paper presents a novel approach to analyze qualitative issues of HSCM in a single model comprising various perspectives on activities undertaken during the relief operations, both prior to disaster and post disaster.
Integrating national culture measures in the context of business decision making
Authors: Forquer Gupta Susan 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to detail the measurement development of a set of indices that manifest culture in the context of business decision making.Design/methodology/approachSurvey research was conducted eliciting opinion data from managers of firms in two countries, the USA and Hungary, for cross‐cultural comparison. Critical issues of measurement equivalency are assessed using item response theory (IRT) prior to the comparison of the US and Hungarian manager samples.FindingsThe following sub‐indices were identified as a result of the analysis: individualism in decision making; individualism and authority; logic/emotion; equality as people, equality of authority, tolerance for ambiguity in decision making; tolerance for ambiguity and flexibility, and time orientation.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the framework provides a broad representation of the cultural value dimensions (CVD) in a business context, it cannot be said that it encompasses the entire dimension or where the true endpoints will lie for the each of the five continuums. As additional culture groups are tested, it will be possible to ascertain where the true midpoint and endpoints of the scale lie.Originality/valueThe framework was utilized to place the five CVDs in a business context, resulting in a very even representation of the manifestation of cultural values across decision‐making processes in a firm. As a result, a more complete picture of current CVD scores is provided by the data for the two populations sampled. The sub‐indices identified not only aid in the establishment of equivalence and allow for comparison of the two groups, but also provide deeper insight into the similarities and differences between the two groups that were masked in the original CVD structure.
The role of social defences and organisational structures in facilitating the abuse and maltreatment of older people
Authors: Galpin Diane 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to develop understanding of the context in which the abuse and maltreatment of older people might proliferate within the health and social care system in the United Kingdom. Drawing on the notion of “social defences” this paper seeks to explore the dual role of consumerism and social defences in facilitating poor practice.Design/methodology/approachResearch and inquiry findings are used to establish the inter‐relationship between social defences, consumerism and poor organisational structures to create a culture in which the abuse and maltreatment of older people might flourish.FindingsThe paper suggests the expansion of a consumerist approach to care, along with social defences and organisational structures, reinforces an attitude of indifference to older people across society, and provides the conditions in which the maltreatment of older people by professional carers can go unchallenged.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a conceptual paper from which future research could develop to understand, from a societal perspective, the relationship between societal attitudes and responses to older people, their maltreatment and care provision in the UK.Practical implicationsReform is required at a structural and individual level founded on the conceptual nets of equality and human rights. A consumerist approach alone, for those most vulnerable, may increase their risk of harm.Social implicationsIf safeguarding older people is “everyone's” business, wider society will need to transform an attitude of indifference toward older people into one of dignity and respect.Originality/valueThe current system of health and social care provision leaves many older people maltreated and without support. Whilst much research rightly focuses on practical matters this paper seeks to relocate the debate in a much wider frame of reference to try and establish the philosophical, ethical and moral framework's required to transform societal indifference toward older people to respect.
Consistently inconsistent – an audit of laparoscopic cholecystectomy consent practice
Authors: Stubbs Benjamin M. , Pesic‐Smith Jonathan , Sikka Sheena , Drye Elisabeth , Khan Farrukh , Lovett Bryony 
Published: October 2012

PurposeLaparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed general surgical operations and is associated with several potentially serious post‐operative complications. Informed consent is vital to avoid patient misunderstanding of risk and subsequent costly litigation. Consent practice at the authors' hospital was audited with the aim of investigating the quality of consent and assessing the impact of the introduction of a detailed patient information leaflet.Design/methodology/approachIn total, the consent forms of 200 patients were examined; 100 patient consent forms were selected before and 100 after the introduction of a pre‐operative patient information leaflet, and retrospectively analysed.FindingsConsultant staff obtained only 27 per cent of consent; 64 per cent of consent was taken on the morning of surgery. The most common risks mentioned were bleeding, infection, thrombo‐embolic risks and conversion to open. Other complications were mentioned inconsistently, with only 2 per cent of patients having documented evidence of receiving the information leaflet.Originality/valueThe authors demonstrate that consent for laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains inconsistent. The introduction of an information leaflet did not improve the documentation of risk required for informed consent.
Addressing workforce capacity and safety issues for new nurse‐led services through competency modelling
Authors: Howard John , Barnes Katie 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how competency models can be used to govern the increased autonomy of advanced practitioners in nursing, and to assist in workforce development.Design/methodology/approachThe study shows how competency frameworks for advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs) have evolved in the UK. It compares the current thinking in the UK to the latest competency models from the USA. The article uses the authors' own adaptation of Benner's novice‐to‐expert framework to derive a framework from the current approaches. The authors then demonstrate how the resulting framework can be deployed to target development of new ANPs to address workforce development and governance issues over ensuring the right skill mix for safe autonomous practice. Finally, they argue for registration of advanced practitioners as a distinct professional group to address medico‐legal concerns over increased autonomy.FindingsThe study shows that there are currently limited numbers of ANPs constraining the development of new nurse‐led services, for example paediatrics. The study argues that current developments in the UK are unhelpful to the development of new nurse‐led initiatives that could flourish under the new commissioning arrangements. The study demonstrates how an enhanced framework can be used to target potential new ANPs for bespoke training, to assure that existing role holders have the correct level of competency for safe autonomous practice, and could form the basis of professional registration of advanced practitioners.Research limitations/implicationsThe small numbers of existing ANPs and the early stage of development of nurse‐led services limit the opportunities for evaluation.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that competency modelling can contribute to the effectiveness of ANP education, help to address workforce planning issues and provide re‐assurance for commissioners in terms of governance and safety.Originality/valueCompetency modelling for ANPs in the UK is in its infancy, but the lack of a safe and competent workforce is a barrier to innovation for commissioners of services.
The Northwest Patient Safety Conference: keeping safety current
Authors: Marcus‐Smith Miriam 
Published: October 2012

PurposeThis article aims to describe the history of an annual regional conference devoted to patient safety, and presents highlights from its tenth annual event, held in May 2012.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a historical narrative description of major themes in the annual conferences, with more detailed description of major presentations in the 2012 conference.FindingsThe conference has provided topics and speakers to the community, reflecting changing national trends and priorities, and has helped develop an important resource, the Washington Patient Safety Coalition.Practical implicationsThe history reflects evolving North American concerns about quality of care and patient safety issues; the most recent presentations highlight recent achievements, current challenges, and provide insights from a broad range of settings.Originality/valueThis conference is the flagship activity of a state‐wide, voluntary coalition and provides an example of a major event bringing value to a diverse set of patient safety and quality improvement professionals.
A model of critical success factors for software projects
Authors: Purna Sudhakar Goparaju 
Published: October 2012

PurposeExisting models of critical success factors of software projects have less concentration on communication, team, project management and product related factors. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model of critical success factors (CSFs) for software development projects, categorize the success factors, finding the factors in each category and highlighting the product, team, project management and communication factors as important categories of success factors for software projects.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model and seven categories of success factors comprising a total of 80 success factors for software development projects were identified based on the thorough literature review. These 80 factors are collected based on their importance to software projects and their repeated occurrence in the literature related to CSFs. Based on the occurrence of the success factor in the literature, each category comprising top five success factors are identified as critical success factors for software projects. Based on these seven categories of success factors a conceptual model was developed.FindingsA total of 35 CSFs from seven CSF categories are identified from secondary research of the CSFs for software development projects. The identified CSFs include communication in project, top management support, clear project goal, reliability of output, project planning, teamwork, project team coordination, quality control, client acceptance, accuracy of output, reduce ambiguity, maximize stability, realistic expectations and user involvement. Project management, product, team and communication factors are identified as important categories of success factors for software projects.Research limitations/implicationsDifferent categories of critical success factors such as product, project management, team and communication, which were not highlighted or categorized earlier in the literature are discussed in this current work.Practical implicationsThis research is definitely useful for organizations working on software projects. The project managers working in the industry can benefit from the mentioned critical success factors and the categories of factors by concentration on them while planning and executing software projects.Originality/valueThe conceptual model, categorization of CSFs, identifying 35 CSFs for software projects and highlighting product, team and communication factors are major contributions of this research work.