bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early‐onset neonatal sepsis in Dhaka, Bangladesh: risk associated with maternal bacterial colonisation and chorioamnionitis
Authors: Chan Grace J. , Baqui Abdullah H. , Modak Joyanta K. , Murillo‐Chaves Adriana , Mahmud Abdullah A. , Boyd Theonia K. , Black Robert E. , Saha Samir K. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the risk of early‐onset neonatal sepsis among newborns of mothers with chorioamnionitis and/or bacterial colonisation in Dhaka.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study at a maternity centre following 600 mother–newborn pairs. Women with a positive bacterial vaginal culture or positive Group B streptococcus (GBS) rectal culture during labour were classified as colonised. Women with placental histopathology demonstrating signs of maternal or foetal inflammation were classified as having chorioamnionitis. Newborns were followed over the first 7 days of life. The primary outcome measure was physician or community health worker diagnosis of neonatal sepsis following modified World Health Organization Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses criteria. Survival analysis was conducted with non‐parametric, parametric and semiparametric models.ResultsOf the 600 mother–newborn pairs, 12.8% of newborns were diagnosed with early‐onset sepsis. Five hundred and forty‐three women had both colonisation and chorioamnionitis data, 55.4% of mothers were non‐exposed, 31.7% were only colonised and 12.9% had chorioamnionitis regardless of colonisation status.After adjusting for birthweight, sex, maternal characteristics and wealth, newborns of only colonised mothers developed sepsis 63% faster and had a 71% higher risk of developing sepsis than their non‐exposed counterparts (RT = 0.37, 95% CI 0.14–1.03; RH = 1.71, 95% CI 1.00–2.94). Newborns of mothers with chorioamnionitis developed sepsis 74% faster and had a 111% higher risk of developing sepsis (RT = 0.26, 95% CI 0.07–0.94; RH = 2.11, 95% CI 1.06–4.21).ConclusionsNewborns born to mothers with colonisation or chorioamnionitis developed sepsis faster and were at higher risk of developing sepsis in Dhaka.
Modification of Clearview Tuberculosis (TB) Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for TB Patients Not Infected with HIV
Authors: Savolainen Laura , Kantele Anu , Sandboge Bettina , Sirén Marita , Valleala Heikki , Tuompo Riitta , Pusa Liana , Erkinjuntti-Pekkanen Riitta , Knuuttila Aija , Ku Cheng-Lung , Chi Chih-Yu , Vasankari Tuula , Tuuminen Tamara 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Diagnosis of active tuberculosis by detection of urinary lipoarabinomannan (uLAM) from
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
is an attractive approach. Concentrating urine 100-fold allowed quantitation of uLAM at levels equal to picograms/ml of nonconcentrated urine. The approach of concentrating urine 100-fold improved the clinical sensitivity of the Clearview TB enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from 7% to 57% yet impaired its specificity from 97% to 89%. (This study has been registered at University Hospital of Turku under registration no. 47/180/2009, Helsinki University Central Hospital under 149/2010, University Hospital of Kuopio under 105/2010, and China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, under DMR-99-IRB-075-2.)
Comparison of a Novel, Rapid Chromogenic Biochemical Assay, the Carba NP Test, with the Modified Hodge Test for Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli
Authors: Vasoo Shawn , Cunningham Scott A. , Kohner Peggy C. , Simner Patricia J. , Mandrekar Jayawant N. , Lolans Karen , Hayden Mary K. , Patel Robin 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

We compared carbapenemase detection among 271 Gram-negative bacilli (of which 131 were carbapenemase producers) using a novel chromogenic rapid test—the Carba NP test (CNP)—and the modified Hodge test (MHT). Sensitivities were comparable (CNP, 100%, versus MHT, 98%;
P
= 0.08), but CNP was more specific (100% versus 80%;
P
< 0.0001) and faster.
Polymerase Delta Interacting Protein 2 Sustains Vascular Structure and Function
Authors: Sutliff Roy L. , Hilenski Lula L. , Amanso Angélica M. , Parastatidis Ioannis , Dikalova Anna E. , Hansen Laura , Datla Srinivasa Raju , Long James S. , El-Ali Alexander M. , Joseph Giji , Gleason Rudolph L. , Taylor W. Robert , Hart C. Michael , Griendling Kathy K. , Lassègue Bernard 
Published: July 2013

Objective—
On the basis of previous evidence that polymerase delta interacting protein 2 (Poldip2) increases reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (Nox4) activity in vascular smooth muscle cells, we hypothesized that in vivo knockdown of Poldip2 would inhibit reactive oxygen species production and alter vascular function.

Approach and Results—

Because homozygous Poldip2 deletion is lethal, Poldip2
+/−
mice were used. Poldip2 mRNA and protein levels were reduced by ≈50% in Poldip2
+/−
aorta, with no change in p22phox, Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4 mRNAs. NADPH oxidase activity was also inhibited in Poldip2
+/−
tissue. Isolated aortas from Poldip2
+/−
mice demonstrated impaired phenylephrine and potassium chloride–induced contractions, increased stiffness, and reduced compliance associated with disruption of elastic lamellae and excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Collagen I secretion was elevated in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells from Poldip2
+/−
mice and restored by H
2
O
2
supplementation, suggesting that this novel function of Poldip2 is mediated by reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, Poldip2
+/−
mice were protected against aortic dilatation in a model of experimental aneurysm, an effect consistent with increased collagen secretion.

Conclusions—

Poldip2 knockdown reduces H
2
O
2
production in vivo, leading to increases in extracellular matrix, greater vascular stiffness, and impaired agonist-mediated contraction. Thus, unaltered expression of Poldip2 is necessary for vascular integrity and function.
Experimental induction of intraspecific morphometric variability in a single population of Halicephalobus cf. gingivalis may surpass total interspecific variability
Authors: Fonderie Pamela , Steel Hanne , Moens Tom , Bert Wim 
Published: July 2013

Although molecular techniques are revolutionising nematode taxonomy, morphological data still form the basis of nematode species descriptions. However, morphological characters show a natural variability that should be taken into account before describing new species. The current study presents the results of an elaborate morphometric study of Halicephalobus cf. gingivalis, including 15 measurements and 13 indices of 540 specimens, the progeny of a single parthenogenetic female and cultured under different temperature and food conditions and measured in different adult age groups, i.e., young adults with a developed vulva but before the onset of oviposition, adults laying eggs, and old, post-reproductive adults near the end of their life cycle. The morphometric characters were analysed using both univariate (analysis of variance) and multivariate (principal components and canonical discriminant analysis) techniques. The main results reveal that the morphometric characters most used in Halicephalobus identification keys have a huge variability within a single progeny, e.g., body length 1.9 times longer than the shortest or ratio VA/tail length 3.9 times larger than the smallest. This variability has a magnitude that has not been observed in nematodes before. Further, by changing the environmental factors, the morphometric characters are influenced to an extent that one could assign – with seemingly ‘statistical support’ – different ‘species’ of the genus to different subpopulations. With this experimental study we provide convincing elements to advocate an integrative taxonomic approach and to discourage the description of new species based only on morphometric differences.
Sheraphelenchus sucus n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from sap flow of Quercus serrata in Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi , Tanaka Ryusei 
Published: July 2013

ASheraphelenchusspecies was isolated from a sample of sap exuding from a scar on the bark ofQuercus serrata. Besides its generic characteristics,i.e., posteriorly located vulva in the female, male spicule with conspicuous dorsal limb and male tail with spike-like projection, the new species is characterised by a short stylet with a small basal swelling. The near-full-length of 18S and D2/D3 expansion segments of ribosomal RNA genes (near-full SSU and D2/D3LSU) were determined as its molecular barcode sequences and the phylogenetic status of the species (= genusSheraphelenchus) was estimated using the near-full SSU. The molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the new species is included in the genusBursaphelenchus, and is close toB. anatoliusandB. kevini. AlthoughSheraphelenchusis phylogenetically inferred to occur withinBursaphelenchus, the new species is described herein asS. sucusn. sp., thereby retaining the genusSheraphelenchusuntil additional data about morphological similarities between these two taxa are obtained.
“The Four Ideals”: A Contemplative Exercise by Gurdjieff
Authors: Azize Joseph 
Published: June 2013

Nous présentons ici des données inédites en provenance de G.I. Gurdjieff (c. 1865–1949), appelées “exercice des quatre idéaux”, et tentons de les situer dans le “Travail” institué par celui-ci. Nous voudrions faire remarquer qu’un tel exercice possède un caractère singulier parmi les diverses traditions mystico-religieuses, dans la mesure où nous ne connaissons pas d’autre exemple d’une pratique visant à attirer dans le propre corps de l’élève, d’une zone située par delà l’atmosphère terrestre, de substances élaborées à la surface de notre planète. De telles substances émanent censément des prières adressées par les hommes à certains “idéaux”. La mise en oeuvre, par Gurdjieff, d’“exercices contemplatifs internes” compte parmi les aspects les moins étudiés de sa méthode. Le présent article est le premier d’une série visant à attirer l’attention des universitaires sur ces points particuliers.
The Spirit in Pentecostal Preaching: A Constructive Dialogue with Haddon W. Robinson’s and Charles T. Crabtree’s Theology of Preaching
Authors: Samuel Josh P. S. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This article contrasts Haddon W. Robinson’s Biblical Preaching with Charles T. Crabtree’s Pentecostal Preaching and provides an analysis to contribute to a Pentecostal theology of preaching. It shows the importance of maintaining faithfulness to the Spirit’s past and present work for preaching, reflected in Robinson’s and Crabtree’s emphases. Preachers must diligently study the written word — inspired by the Spirit — in order to appropriate it best for the preached word, while also remaining sensitive to the Spirit’s present leading. The article also goes beyond the two authors’ emphases, revealing the value of the Spirit’s work for preaching among the congregation, in the future, and within the triune God.
Mesoscale Eddy Energy Locality in an Idealized Ocean Model
Authors: Grooms Ian , Nadeau Louis-Philippe , Smith K. Shafer 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This paper investigates the energy budget of mesoscale eddies in wind-driven two-layer quasigeostrophic simulations. Intuitively, eddy energy can be generated, dissipated, and fluxed from place to place; regions where the budget balances generation and dissipation are “local” and regions that export or import large amounts of eddy energy are “nonlocal.” Many mesoscale parameterizations assume that statistics of the unresolved eddies behave as local functions of the resolved large scales, and studies that relate doubly periodic simulations to ocean patches must assume that the ocean patches have local energetics. This study derives and diagnoses the eddy energy budget in simulations of wind-driven gyres. To more closely approximate the ideas of subgrid-scale parameterization, the authors define the mean and eddies using a spatial filter rather than the more common time average. The eddy energy budget is strongly nonlocal over nearly half the domain in the simulations. In particular, in the intergyre region the eddies lose energy through interactions with the mean, and this energy loss can only be compensated by nonlocal flux of energy from elsewhere in the domain. This study also runs doubly periodic simulations corresponding to ocean patches from basin simulations. The eddy energy level of ocean patches in the basin simulations matches the level in the periodic simulations only in regions with local eddy energy budgets.
Core stabilisation reduces compensatory movement patterns in patients with injury to the arm: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ayhan Cigdem , Unal Edibe , Yakut Yavuz 
Published: July 2013

Objective: To investigate the effects of adding core stabilisation exercises to traditional rehabilitation in patients with arm injuries. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient clinic. Subjects: Twenty-seven patients with elbow and wrist injuries were randomized to a stabilisation or control group. Interventions: The stabilisation group received core stabilisation training and traditional arm rehabilitation and the control group received traditional arm rehabilitation alone for three days/week for six weeks. Main measures: Pre- and post-treatment assessments comprising an analysis of compensatory movement patterns and trunk muscle strength as well as functional measurements of the arm, including pain, range of motion, disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire and endurance and fatigue severity were performed. Results: Inter-group comparison revealed significantly greater improvements in the degree of mean change (SD) in total compensation (in degrees) of the head (–14.47 (21.65)) and trunk (–5.56 (5.71)) as well as total compensation (–50.02 (48.62)) for the stabilisation group than for the control group ( p < 0.05). Increase in trunk muscle strength (2.43 (3.46)) was statistically significant in the stabilisation group compared with the control group. No significant differences were found for functional measures, including pain, range of motion, disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand or endurance and fatigue severity between the groups, although trends towards greater improvement were observed in the stabilisation group. Conclusions: Adding core stabilisation exercises to traditional arm rehabilitation for patients with traumatic arm injury reduces compensatory movement patterns. Trends towards better functional outcomes in the stabilisation group are worth testing in a large-scale trial.
Tip110 interacts with YB-1 and regulates each other’s function
Authors: Timani Khalid Amine , Liu Ying , He Johnny J 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundTip110 plays important roles in tumor immunobiology, pre-mRNA splicing, expression regulation of viral and host genes, and possibly protein turnover. It is clear that our understanding of Tip110 biological function remains incomplete.ResultsHerein, we employed an immunoaffinity-based enrichment approach combined with protein mass spectrometry and attempted to identify Tip110-interacting cellular proteins. A total of 13 major proteins were identified to be complexed with Tip110. Among them was Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1). The interaction of Tip110 with YB-1 was further dissected and confirmed to be specific and involve the N-terminal of both Tip110 and YB-1 proteins. A HIV-1 LTR promoter-driven reporter gene assay and a CD44 minigenein vivosplicing assay were chosen to evaluate the functional relevance of the Tip110/YB-1 interaction. We showed that YB-1 potentiates the Tip110/Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter while Tip110 promotes the inclusion of the exon 5 in CD44 minigene alternative splicing.ConclusionsTip110 and YB-1 interact to form a complex and mutually regulate each other’s biological functions.
Clinicopathological significance of claudin-4 in gastric carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Jin-Liang , Gao Peng , Wang Zhen-Ning , Song Yong-Xi , Li Ai-Lin , Xu Ying-Ying , Wang Mei-Xian , Xu Hui-Mian 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Aberrant expression of claudin proteins has been reported in a variety of cancers. Previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of claudin may promote tumorigenesis and metastasis through increased invasion and survival of tumor cells. However, the prognostic significance of claudin-4 in gastric cancer remains unclear.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of claudin-4 in 329 clinical gastric cancer specimens and 44 normal stomach samples, 21 intestinal metaplasia samples, and 21 adjacent precursor lesions dysplasia samples. Statistical analysis methods were used to evaluate the relationship between claudin-4 expression and various clinicopathological parameters. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, respectively, to detect the independent predictors of survival.

Results
Claudin-4 expression was present in only 7(15.9%) normal gastric samples, but expression of claudin-4 in the intestinal metaplasia lesions and dysplasia lesions was 90.5% and 95.2%, respectively. The expression of claudin-4 was significantly associated with histological differentiation (P < 0.001) and tumor growth patterns (P < 0.001) but not associated with patient survival. However, intermediate type staining of claudin-4 exhibited a trend of correlation with patients’ survival (P = 0.023). The five-year survival rate with low expression of claudin-4 in intermediate type (76.4%) was similar to expanding type (64.5%), while the high expression group (46.6%) was closer to infiltrative type (50.7%).

Conclusions
The findings in this study demonstrate claudin-4 aberrant expression in gastric cancer and precursor lesions. The expression of claudin-4 could serve as a basis for identifying gastric cancer of the intermediate type.
Molecular beam epitaxy growth of peak wavelength-controlled InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells for 4.3-μm mid-wavelength infrared detection
Authors: Shi Zhenwu , Wang Lu , Zhen Honglou , Wang Wenxin , Chen Hong 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells used for 4.3 μm mid-wavelength infrared quantum well infrared detectors were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In composition loss was observed and quantitatively studied by high-resolution X-ray diffraction technology. By this In composition loss effect, the energy band engineering on the photo-response wavelength is not easily achieved. A thin AlGaAs barrier grown at low temperature is used to suppress the In atom desorption, and this growth process was verified to be able to adjust the photo-response wavelength as designed by energy band engineering in the photocurrent spectrum.
GDF-15 protects from macrophage accumulation in a mousemodel of advanced atherosclerosis
Authors: Preusch Michael R , Baeuerle Matthias , Albrecht Claudia , Blessing Erwin , Bischof Marc , Katus Hugo A , Bea Florian 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
The cytokine growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a member of the TGF beta superfamily, has recently been discovered to play an important role in cardiovascular diseases. It is mostly expressed in macrophages of atherosclerotic lesions, but its impact on advanced atherosclerosis is still unknown. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of GDF-15 in an established mouse model of advanced atherosclerosis.

Methods
Thirty-eight LDL receptor deficient mice received a lethal body radiation. Half of the group was transplanted with bone marrow of GDF-15 deficient mice. Nineteen mice were transplanted with bone marrow from wild-type controls. After 24 weeks on an atherogenic diet, animals were euthanized and sections of the aortic sinus were prepared. Lesion size and lesion composition, as well as macrophage content,were evaluated.

Results
While demonstrating no difference in lesion size, LDL-receptor knockout mice transplanted with bone marrow from GDF-15 deficient mice showed enhanced macrophage accumulation and features of atherosclerotic plaque destabilization, such as thinning of fibrous caps. Immunostaining against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 further revealed an increased expression in mice receiving GDF-15-deficient bone marrow.

Conclusions
This is the first study that demonstrates a protective role of GDF-15 in advanced atherosclerosis and macrophage accumulation, possibly due to the reduced expression of adhesion molecules.
Characterization of cytosolic proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in neutrophils: antiapoptotic role of the monomer
Authors: De Chiara Alessia , Pederzoli-Ribeil Magali , Mocek Julie , Candalh Céline , Mayeux Patrick , Millet Arnaud , Witko-Sarsat Véronique 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTWe have shown previously that PCNA, a nuclear factor involved in DNA replication and repair in proliferating cells, is localized exclusively in the cytoplasm of neutrophils, where it regulates their survival. Nuclear PCNA functions are tightly linked to its ring-shaped structure, which allows PCNA to bind to numerous partner proteins to orchestrate DNA-related processes. We have shown that only monomeric PCNA can expose its NES to be relocalized from nucleus to cytosol during granulocyte differentiation. This study tested the hypothesis that monomeric PCNA could have a biological role in neutrophils. With the use of a combination of cross-linking and gel-filtration experiments, trimeric and monomeric PCNAs were detected in neutrophil cytosol. The promyelocytic cell line PLB985 was next stably transfected to express the monomeric PCNAY114A mutant to examine its function compared with the WT trimeric PCNA. Monomeric PCNAY114A mutant potentiated DMF-induced differentiation, as evidenced by an increased percentage of CD11b- and gp91phox-positive PLB985PCNAY114A cells and by an increased, opsonized zymosan-triggered NADPH oxidase activity compared with PLB985PCNA or PLB985 cells overexpressing WT PCNA or the empty plasmid, respectively. Regarding antiapoptotic activity, DMF-differentiated PLB985 cells overexpressing WT or the monomeric PCNAY114A mutant displayed a similar antiapoptotic activity following treatment with gliotoxin or TRAIL compared with PLB985. The molecular basis through which cytoplasmic PCNA exerts its antiapoptotic activity in mature neutrophils may, at least in part, be independent of the trimeric conformation.
A Simple and Straightforward Protocol to 3,5-Disubstituted 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles from Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Ramu Tadikonda , Prasanthi Sarakula , Mangarao Nakka , Basha Gajula Mahaboob , Srinuvasarao Rayavarapu , Siddaiah Vidavalur 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
A convenient one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles is described. The condensation of carboxylic acids and amidoximes in the presence of 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine (CDMT) and N-methylmorpholine (NMM) has been employed to synthesize a variety of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles in good to excellent yields. The methodology has been applied for the synthesis of a metabotropic glutamate subtype 5 (mGlu5) receptor antagonist.