bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica
Authors: Ramírez Cisneros Benjamín , Sedó Mejía Giovanni 
Published: July 2015

<p>La Aspergilosis Broncopulmonar Alérgica es una entidad clínica que se presenta en pacientes asmáticos y portadores de fibrosis quística con transfondo atópico importante. Dicha enfermedad es producto de un fenómeno de inflamación pulmonar secundaria a una respuesta inmune compleja montada en un huésped colonizado por Aspergillus sp. La historia natural y estadios de la enfermedad son complejos y se definen clínicamente y según su respuesta a tratamiento. El diagnóstico se realiza basado en clínica, radiología y pruebas de laboratorio. El tratamiento se basa en corticoesteroides orales y antifúngicos como ahorradores de esteroides</p>
Therapeutic Effects of Repurposed Therapies in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: What Is Old Is New Again
Authors: Saxena Ashish , Becker Daniel , Preeshagul Isabel , Lee Karen , Katz Elena , Levy Benjamin 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

The recent emergence of targeted and immunotherapeutic agents has dramatically changed the management for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite these advances, lung cancer is not exempt from the challenges facing oncology drug development, including the huge financial cost and the time required for drug implementation. Repositioning noncancer therapies with potential antineoplastic properties into new therapeutic niches is an alternative treatment strategy offering the possibility of saving money and time and improving outcomes. The goal of such a strategy is to deliver an effective drug with a favorable toxicity profile at a reduced cost. Preclinical models and observational data have demonstrated promising activity for many of these agents, and they are now being studied in prospective trials. We review the relevant published data regarding the therapeutic effects of metformin, statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, β-blockers, and itraconazole in NSCLC, with a focus on the putative mechanisms of action and clinical data. As these drugs are increasingly being tested in clinical trials, we aim to highlight the salient challenges and future strategies to optimize this approach.

Implications for Practice:
The staggering failure rates, exorbitant costs, and lengthy approval process associated with drug development in lung cancer warrants exploration of alternative strategies. The repositioning of approved noncancer medications to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a unique opportunity to improve outcomes by delivering an effective drug at lower costs with manageable toxicity. Several such agents have demonstrated antineoplastic activity and are being studied in NSCLC patient populations. The present review highlights the relevant literature regarding these agents’ therapeutic effects and reports on the challenges in implementing this strategy moving forward, including a discussion of ongoing phase I, II, and III trials.
Chlorhexidine Uptake and Release From Modified Titanium Surfaces and Its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Ryu Hyo‐Sook , Kim Yoon‐Il , Lim Bum‐Soon , Lim Young‐Jun , Ahn Sug‐Joon 
Published: July 2015

Background:Decontamination by adjunctive antiseptic agents such as chlorhexidine (CHX) is often recommended for the treatment of peri‐implant infections. However, its action on the titanium implant surface needs further research. This study is designed to evaluate the ability of modified titanium surfaces to release chlorhexidine after periodic CHX exposure.Methods:Four titanium surfaces were prepared: 1) no surface treatment control (machined surface [MA]); 2) an acid mix of 10% HNO3and 5% HF (HNF); 3) resorbable blast media (RBM); and 4) sandblasting and acid etching (SLA). Each surface was analyzed using a confocal laser scanning microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Each sample was incubated with whole saliva or phosphate‐buffered saline for 2 hours. Measurements of CHX release were performed using spectrometry on days 1, 2, and 5 after 1‐minute exposure to 0.5% chlorhexidine digluconate solution during a 5‐day cycle. CHX‐releasing experiments were repeated three consecutive times for 15 days. The antimicrobial activity of CHX‐adsorbed disks was determined by a disk diffusion test usingStreptococcus gordonii.Results:The CHX‐adsorbed titanium surfaces exhibited a short‐term release of CHX, and CHX levels dropped rapidly within 3 days. SLA and RBM with smaller and narrower depressions released more CHX than HNF and MA, specifically in the saliva‐coated group. The disk diffusion test revealed that after CHX uptake, saliva‐coated SLA and RBM showed the highest antimicrobial activity.Conclusion:This study suggests that CHX release is significantly influenced by titanium surface modifications and that SLA and RBM might provide effective CHX uptake capacity in the saliva‐filled oral cavity.
Effect of Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography Field of View and Acquisition Frame on the Detection of Chemically Simulated Peri‐Implant Bone Loss In Vitro
Authors: Pinheiro Lucas Rodrigues , Scarfe William C. , Augusto de Oliveira Sales Marcelo , Gaia Bruno Felipe , Cortes Arthur Rodriguez Gonzalez , Cavalcanti Marcelo Gusmão 
Published: July 2015

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the influence of field of view (FOV) and number of acquisition projection images (frames) on the detection of chemically simulated peri‐implant defects by cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) using an in vitro bovine rib bone model.Methods: Eighty implants were placed in bovine ribs in which small and large bone defects were created using 70% perchloric acid. CBCT images were acquired at three acquisition protocols: protocol 1 (FOV 4 × 4 cm, 0.08‐mm voxel size, 1,009 frames [high fidelity]; protocol 2 (same as protocol 1 except 512 frames [standard]); and protocol 3 (FOV 14 × 5 cm, 0.25‐mm voxel size; high fidelity). Two oral and maxillofacial radiologists (OMRs) and two oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMSs) rated the presence or absence of bone defects on a five‐point scale. κ and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated and compared using analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey test at P ≤0.05.Results: Intra‐ and interobserver agreement for OMRs ranged from moderate to good and from slight to moderate for OMSs. For the detection of small lesions, protocol 1 (AUC 0.813 ± 0.045) provided higher detection rates than protocol 2 (AUC 0.703 ± 0.02) and protocol 3 (AUC 0.773 ± 0.55) [F(2,9) = 1.6377]. For larger defects, the trends were similar, with protocol 1 (AUC 0.852 ± 0.108) providing higher detection rates than protocol 2 (AUC 0.730 ± 0.045) and protocol 3 (AUC 0.783 ± 0.058) [F(2,9) = 1.9576].Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, optimal detection of chemically simulated pericircumferential implant crestal bone defects is achieved at the least radiation detriment using the smallest FOV, the highest number of acquisition frames, and the smallest voxel.
Biodecolorization of Reactive Yellow‐2 by Serratia sp. RN34 Isolated from Textile Wastewater
Authors: Najme Rabia , Hussain Sabir , Maqbool Zahid , Imran Muhammad , Mahmood Faisal , Manzoor Hamid , Yasmeen Tahira , Shehzad Tanvir 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT: Remediation of colored textile wastewaters is a matter of interest. In this study, 49 bacteria were isolated from the textile wastewater and tested for their ability to decolorize reactive yellow‐2 (RY2) dye. The most efficient isolate, RN34, was identified through amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rDNA and was designated as Serratia sp. RN34. This bacterium was also found capable of decolorizing other related reactive azo‐dyes, including reactive black‐5, reactive red‐120, and reactive orange‐16 but at varying rates. The optimum pH for decolorization of RY2 by the strain RN34 was 7.5 using yeast extract as cosubstrate under static incubation at 30 °C. The strain RN34 also showed potential to decolorize RY2 in the presence of considerable amounts of hexavalent chromium and sodium chloride. A phytotoxicity study demonstrated relatively reduced toxicity of RY2 decolorized products on Vigna radiata plant as compared to the uninoculated RY2 solution.
Testing Strategy with Multiple Performance Measures: Evidence from a Balanced Scorecard at Store24
Authors: Campbell Dennis , Datar Srikant M. , Kulp Susan L. , Narayanan V. G. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
This study investigates the idea that business strategies can be tested and validated based on statistical analysis of a firm's internal performance measures. The strategy literature describes business strategies using the concepts of formulation, implementation, and fit. The management accounting literature links these strategy concepts with the selection and use of performance measures. Building on these two streams we examine whether and how a multidimensional performance measurement system can be used to distinguish between strategic problems related to strategic inputs, customer-oriented strategic outputs, and financial performance. We use data from the performance measurement system of a field site that formulated, implemented, and subsequently abandoned an innovative operating strategy. Managers learned the strategy was ineffective over a two-year period. We find that the company's internal performance measures systematically reveal more timely information about problems with the strategy. Furthermore, the performance measures can help identify where and why the strategy failed. The results are consistent with strategy inputs leading to positive customer experiences but poor financial performance because of a poor fit between the strategy and the firm's internal capabilities and skills. These results provide evidence that strategically linked firm-specific performance measures can be used (1) to evaluate strategy on a timely basis, and (2) to distinguish between problems, such as strategy formulation, implementation, and fit, that cause strategies to fail.
Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Objectively Measured Sedentary Time and Metabolic Disease: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Barone Gibbs Bethany , Pettee Gabriel Kelley , Reis Jared P. , Jakicic John M. , Carnethon Mercedes R. , Sternfeld Barbara 
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVE
Prolonged sedentary time (ST) might be contributing to the diabetes epidemic, but most studies have been cross-sectional and few have objectively measured ST. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal relationships between ST and metabolic parameters and outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was an analysis of 2,027 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study participants (aged 38–50 years, 57% female, and mean BMI of 29.0 ± 7.0 kg/m2) with accelerometry data (≥4 days with ≥10 h/day) measured at the year 20 follow-up exam (2005–2006). Metabolic variables (fasting glucose, fasting insulin, 2-h postchallenge glucose, HOMA of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], and HbA1c) and outcomes (impaired fasting glucose [IFG], impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], prediabetes by HbA1c, and diabetes) were assessed concurrently and 5 years later.

RESULTS
Average ST was 8.1 ± 1.7 h/day or 55 ± 10% of wear time. Each additional hour per day of ST was cross-sectionally associated with a 3% higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (both P &lt; 0.01) but not 5-year changes in metabolic parameters. Having ≥10 h/day vs. &lt;6 h/day of ST was associated with an odds ratio (OR) = 2.74 (95% CI 1.13, 6.62) for IGT and an OR = 3.80 (95% CI 1.39, 10.35) for diabetes. ST was not associated with prevalent IFG, prevalent prediabetes by HbA1c, or 5-year incidence of any metabolic outcomes (all P &gt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
ST was independently related to insulin, HOMA-IR, and prevalent diabetes and IGT but did not predict 5-year changes in metabolic parameters or incidence of metabolic outcomes. These results suggest that higher ST may not be a risk factor for future metabolic outcomes, but more research with repeated ST measurement and longer follow-up is needed.
Endoscopic Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Closure in an Infected Field
Authors: Hsu Amy K. , Singh Ameet , Bury Sean , Schwartz Theodore H. , Anand Vijay K. , Kacker Ashutosh 
Published: July 2015

Background Sinonasal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks during an active infection present the unique challenge of preventing spread of infection without compromising the integrity of the closure. We describe the technique and clinical course of patients undergoing endoscopic CSF leak repair in an actively infected field. Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic CSF leak repair in an actively infected field. Methods Retrospective chart review of patients with sinonasal CSF leaks that were endoscopically repaired during an acute infection. Results Nine patients were identified. Etiologies of CSF leak were iatrogenic after endoscopic sinus surgery (n = 5, 55.6%) or revision craniopharyngioma resection (n = 1, 11.1%), spontaneous (n = 1, 11.1%), anterior skull base meningocele with CSF leak (n = 1, 11.1%), and posttraumatic (n = 1, 11.1%). The locations of the leaks were ethmoid in five patients, frontoethmoid in three patients, and sphenoid in three patients. Seven patients had acute sinusitis (77.8%) and two patients had meningitis (22.2%) at the time of closure. Two patients (22.2%) had failure of previous CSF leak closure. All leaks were repaired in a multilayered fashion with multiple graft types, including septal or conchal cartilage, temporalis fascia, fascia lata, fat, Medpor, and tissue sealant. Three patients additionally had mucosal flaps or grafts. The patients were treated with an average of 11.1 days (range, 6-14 days) of antibiotics. The average hospital stay was 4.1 days (range, 2-7 days), and the mean follow-up time was 8.7 months (range, 2.9-19.3 months). No patients experienced recurrence of CSF leak or postoperative complication or infection. Conclusion Endoscopic closure of skull base defects was successfully performed in nine patients during acute infections without complications, recurrent infection, or need for revision CSF leak closure. Endoscopic CSF leak repair appears to be safe and effective in patients with active infection with sinusitis or meningitis.
Bony Erosion Patterns in Patients with Allergic Fungal Sinusitis
Authors: White Lauren C. , Jang David W. , Yelvertan Joshua C. , Kountakis Stilianos E. 
Published: July 2015

Objective To investigate bony erosion patterns in allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) and to determine whether the extent of erosion correlates with demographics and preoperative clinical parameters. Study Design Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Methods Seventy-four patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of AFS were identified. Preoperative computed tomographies (CT) were reviewed to determine sites with bony erosion. The 20-item Sinonasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-20) scores, endoscopy scores, and Lund-Mackay CT scores were compared between patients with and without bony erosion. Patients with bony erosion were further classified based on the extent of erosion. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Student's t-test and the χ2 test of independence. Results Of the 74 patients, 39 (52.7%) had bony erosion and 35 (47.3%) did not. Bony erosion was found to be associated with younger age (27.5 versus 36.0 years; p = 0.011) and African American race (p = 0.041). Preoperative CT scores correlated with the presence and extent of bony erosion (p = 0.010). Sex, race, number of previous surgeries, SNOT-20 scores, and endoscopy scores did not correlate significantly. Conclusion Younger age and African American race were found to significantly correlate with bony erosion in AFS, which indicated that a more severe inflammatory response was mounted in these patient groups. As expected, higher Lund-Mackay scores correlated with the severity of erosion. The lack of correlation with SNOT-20 scores indicated the insidious nature of this destructive disease. The level of evidence is 4.
Cytokine Modulation by IL-35 in Mice with Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Yokota Makoto , Suzuki Motohiko , Nakamura Yoshihisa , Ozaki Shinya , Murakami Shingo 
Published: July 2015

Background Interleukin (IL) 35 was recently identified as an additional anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokine. However, the role of IL-35 in allergic rhinitis is not well understood. The effect of IL-35 on other cytokines in allergic responses is also unclear. Objective To investigate, in mice with allergic rhinitis, the effect of IL-35 on other cytokines associated with allergic rhinitis. Methods A murine model of allergic rhinitis was established, and splenic cells were collected. Ovalbumin-specific allergic T-cell response was measured. The production of cytokines (T helper 1 interferon-gamma), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), Th17 (IL-17), IL-12 family (IL-12, IL-23, IL-27), IL-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, and IL-10) stimulated with antigen was also measured in the presence or absence of IL-35. Results IL-35 significantly inhibited the ovalbumin-specific T-cell response. It also significantly reduced the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-alpha, and significantly increased the production of IL-2, IL-10, and IL-27. Conclusion This study showed that IL-35 inhibits allergic T-cell response and has the ability to modulate the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, IL-27, and TNF-alpha in mice with allergic rhinitis. This study also indicated the possibility of a novel therapy with IL-35 for the control of allergic rhinitis.
Identification of the Cold Receptor TRPM8 in the Nasal Mucosa
Authors: Liu Shao-Cheng , Lu Hsuan-Hsuan , Cheng Li-Hsiang , Chu Yueng-Hsiang , Lee Fei-Peng , Wu Chi-Chung , Wang Hsing-Won 
Published: July 2015

Background The transient receptor potential channel melastatin 8 (TRPM8) has been proposed to be a cold receptor. However, its distribution and physiologic role in the nose is not yet fully explored. Objective We investigated the expression of TRPM8 in human nasal mucosa and its function when using the TRPM8 agonist. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to study TRPM8 receptors in the nasal mucosa from patients with and those without allergic rhinitis (AR). By using isometric contraction studies, we also tested the effectiveness of the TRPM8 agonist menthol on nasal mucosa. Changes in nasal mucosal contractility in response to the application of the adrenergic agent methoxamine were also measured. We explored the effect of menthol on electrical field stimulation (EFS) induced nasal mucosal contractions. Results TRPM8 immunoreactivity was present principally in the nasal cilia, epithelium, and subepithelium around the glands. Except for nerve fibers, no obvious TRPM8-immunoreactive cells were detected in connective tissues. The immunoreactivity revealed no significant difference between patients with AR and those without AR. Adding menthol had a negligible effect on the basal tension of the nasal mucosa, but higher doses of menthol had a significant spasmolytic effect on nasal mucosa precontracted with methoxamine. Menthol inhibited the spike contraction induced by EFS, even at low doses. Conclusions The finding of the TRPM8 immunoreactivity underlines the important physiologic role of the nose in temperature regulation, both in patients with allergy and those without allergy. Isometric contraction studies demonstrate the role of TRPM8 in regulating nasal patency and airway resistance. The antiadrenergic effect of menthol showed an effect apparently opposite that of clinical observations, that we usually feel decongested after menthol inhalation. The underlying mechanisms deserve further investigation, and the TRPM8 antagonists deserve consideration for treatment of rhinitis in a therapeutic trial.
The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Patient Self-Report Neck Functional Status Questionnaire (NFSQ)
Authors: Wang Ying-Chih , Cook Karon F. , Deutscher Daniel , Werneke Mark W. , Hayes Deanna , Mioduski Jerome E. 
Published: July 2015

Study Design Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional data. Objective To describe the development of a new self-report Neck Functional Status Questionnaire (NFSQ) and to assess its psychometric properties and practical application. The NFSQ was designed to assess functional status in patients with cervical (spine) disorders who seek outpatient therapy. Background Many patients seek outpatient therapy due to cervical disorders. Currently, no patient-reported outcome measures exist that capture the ability to perform functional activity in a manner that reflects the experience of this patient population. Methods Four hundred thirty-nine patients who were being treated for cervical disorders responded to a set of survey questions to assess activity-related functional outcomes associated with cervical disorders. Using item response theory, we assessed candidate items for unidimensionality and local independence, item fit, person separation, precision, targeting, and differential item functioning. We also compared discriminant validity of functional status measures estimated by the item response theory model (NFSQ fixed) and measures generated using a simulated computerized adaptive test (NFSQ computerized adaptive test). Results Based on expert opinion and subsequent processing and analyses, a final set of 28 items was used to develop the NFSQ. Unidimensionality and local independence were supported. The mean ± SD sample ability level of 57.6 ± 14.3 (scale range, 0–100) matched well with the mean item difficulty of the NFSQ of 51.3 ± 7.4. Differential item functioning was negligible for levels of age group, sex, and symptom acuity. The NFSQ computerized adaptive test measures were as precise as the NFSQ fixed measures. Conclusion Study results supported the preliminary validity of the 28-item NFSQ for use in assessing patients with different levels of functional status related to their cervical disorders in outpatient rehabilitation settings. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(9):683–692. Epub 9 Jul 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5640
Gait Retraining for Injured and Healthy Runners Using Augmented Feedback: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Agresta Cristine , Brown Allison 
Published: July 2015

Study Design Systematic literature review. Objectives This review sought to determine the efficacy of real-time visual and/or auditory feedback for modifying kinematics and kinetics during running gait. Background Real-time visual and auditory feedback has gained popularity in the clinical and research settings. Rehabilitation time and injury prevention may be improved when clinicians are able to modify running mechanics in a patient population. Methods A thorough search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science from 1989 to January 2015 was performed. The search sought articles that examined real-time visual or auditory feedback for the purposes of modifying kinematics or kinetics in injured or healthy runners. Study design and methodological quality were rated using a 20-point scale. Results Ten studies were identified for inclusion in the review, 2 of high and 8 of moderate methodological quality. There was a consensus in the literature that the use of real-time feedback is effective in reducing variables related to ground reaction forces, as well as in positively modifying previously identified risky lower extremity kinematic movement patterns in healthy runners and those with patellofemoral pain and chronic exertional compartment syndrome. No one method of feedback was identified as being superior. Mirror and 2-dimensional video feedback were identified as potential methods for running-gait modification in a clinical setting. Conclusion In conjunction with traditional therapeutic interventions, real-time auditory and visual feedback should be considered for treating injured runners or addressing potentially injurious running mechanics in a healthy population. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(8):576–584. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5823