bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imidazolium and Pyridinium‐Based Ionic Porous Organic Polymers: Advances in Transformative Solutions for Oxoanion Sequestration and Non‐Redox CO2 Fixation
Authors: Sahoo Aniket , Jaiswal Shilpi , Das Subhadeep , Patra Abhijit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe rapid pace of industrialization has led to a multitude of detrimental environmental consequences, including water pollution and global warming. Consequently, there is an urgent need to devise appropriate materials to address these challenges. Ionic porous organic polymers (iPOPs) have emerged as promising materials for oxoanion sequestration and non‐redox CO2 fixation. Notably, iPOPs offer hydrothermal stability, structural tunability, a charged framework, and readily available nucleophilic counteranions. This review explores the significance of pores and charged functionalities alongside design strategies outlined in existing literature, mainly focusing on the incorporation of pyridinium and imidazolium units into nitrogen‐rich iPOPs for oxoanion sequestration and non‐redox CO2 fixation. The present review also addresses the current challenges and future prospects, delineating the design and development of innovative iPOPs for water treatment and heterogeneous catalysis.
Development of Pyrene Embedded Luminophore via π‐linker: Room Temperature Phosphorescence (RTP) and Sensing towards Nitroaromatics (NACs)
Authors: Jamuna Kannan , Govindharaj Prasannamani , Krishnan Aravind , Savitha Devi Natarajan , Sebastian Amal Tom , Selvapalam Narayanan , Mukherjee Moubani , Data Przemyslaw , Gayathri Santhalingum , Sivakumar Shanmugam , Ashokkumar Balasubramaniem 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA pyrene base luminophore was designed and synthesised under ambient conditions using [4+2] annulation. The synthesised probe PYINDP exhibits good optical properties and emits greenish blue, with high colour purity in solid, solution, and thin film phases. In solution, the CIE coordinates were found to be (0.20, 0.48), and for an aggregated state emitting deep green colour, the CIE values are (0.27, 0.65). Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is generated by the luminophore PYINDP, owing to the ISC process. Moreover, the emitter demonstrated an excellent limit of detection values in detecting nitroaromatics (NACs). Bio‐imaging studies on HEK, A549 cell lines were successfully carried out to verify the staining capability of PYINDP in biological systems.
Association of transketolase polymorphisms with diabetic polyneuropathy in the general population: The KORA F4 study
Authors: Ziegler Dan , Thorand Barbara , Strom Alexander , Bönhof Gidon J. , Knebel Birgit , Schleicher Erwin , Rathmann Wolfgang , Herder Christian , Maalmi Haifa , Gieger Christian , Heier Margit , Meisinger Christine , Roden Michael , Peters Annette , Grallert Harald 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsWe recently reported that genetic variability in the TKT gene encoding transketolase, a key enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, is associated with measures of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) in recent‐onset diabetes. Here, we aimed to substantiate these findings in a population‐based KORA F4 study.Materials and MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, we assessed seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the transketolase gene in 952 participants from the KORA F4 study with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 394), prediabetes (n = 411), and type 2 diabetes (n = 147). DSPN was defined by the examination part of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) using the original MNSI > 2 cut‐off and two alternative versions extended by touch/pressure perception (TPP) (MNSI > 3) and by TPP plus cold perception (MNSI > 4).ResultsAfter adjustment for sex, age, BMI, and HbA1c, in type 2 diabetes participants, four out of seven transketolase SNPs were associated with DSPN for all three MNSI versions (all p ≤ 0.004). The odds ratios of these associations increased with extending the MNSI score, for example, OR (95% CI) for SNP rs62255988 with MNSI > 2: 1.99 (1.16–3.41), MNSI > 3: 2.27 (1.26–4.09), and MNSI > 4: 4.78 (2.22–10.26); SNP rs9284890 with MNSI > 2: 2.43 (1.42–4.16), MNSI > 3: 3.46 (1.82–6.59), and MNSI > 4: 4.75 (2.15–10.51). In contrast, no associations were found between transketolase SNPs and the three MNSI versions in the NGT and prediabetes groups.ConclusionsThe link of genetic variation in transketolase enzyme to diabetic polyneuropathy corroborated at the population level strengthens the concept suggesting an important role of pathways metabolising glycolytic intermediates in the evolution of diabetic polyneuropathy.
Tardigrade distribution in soils of high Arctic habitats
Authors: Tůmová Michala , Jílková Veronika , Macek Petr , Devetter Miloslav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTardigrades are omnipresent microfauna with scarce record on their ecology in soils. Here, we investigated soil inhabiting tardigrade communities in five contrasting polar habitats, evaluating their abundance, diversity, species richness, and species composition. Moreover, we measured selected soil physico‐chemical properties to find the drivers of tardigrade distribution among these habitats. In spite of reported tardigrade viability in extreme conditions, glacier forelands represented a habitat almost devoid of tardigrades. Even dry and wet tundra with soil developing for over more than 10 000 years held low abundances compared to usual numbers of tardigrades in temperate habitats. Polar habitats also differ in species composition, with Diaforobiotus islandicus being typical species for dry and Hypsibius exemplaris for wet tundra. Overall, tardigrade abundance was affected by the content of nutrients as well as physical properties of soil, i.e. content of total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), stoniness, soil texture and the water holding capacity (WHC). While diversity and species composition were significantly related to soil physical properties such as the bulk density (BD), soil texture, stoniness, and WHC. Physical structure of environment was, therefore, an important predictor of tardigrade distribution in polar habitats. Since many studies failed to identify significant determinants of tardigrade distribution, we encourage scientists to include physical properties of tardigrade habitats as explanatory variables in their studies.
Complete chloroplast genomes of the hemiparasitic genus Cymbaria: Insights into comparative analysis, development of molecular markers, and phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Ma Yang , López‐Pujol Jordi , Yan Dongqing , Zhou Zhen , Deng Zekun , Niu Jianming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe hemiparasitic tribe Cymbarieae (Orobanchaceae) plays a crucial role in elucidating the initial stage of the transition from autotrophism to heterotrophism. However, the complete chloroplast genome of the type genus Cymbaria has yet to be reported. In addition, the traditional Mongolian medicine Cymbaria daurica is frequently subjected to adulteration or substitution because of the minor morphological differences with Cymbaria mongolica. In this study, the complete chloroplast genomes of the two Cymbaria species were assembled and annotated, and those of other published 52 Orobanchaceae species were retrieved for comparative analyses. We found that the Cymbaria chloroplast genomes are characterized by pseudogenization or loss of stress‐relevant genes (ndh) and a unique rbcL–matK inversion. Unlike the high variability observed in holoparasites, Cymbaria and other hemiparasites exhibit high similarity to autotrophs in genome size, guanine–cytosine (GC) content, and intact genes. Notably, four pairs of specific DNA barcodes were developed and validated to distinguish the medicinal herb from its adulterants. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the genus Cymbaria and the Schwalbea–Siphonostegia clade are grouped into the tribe Cymbarieae, which forms a sister clade to the remaining Orobanchaceae parasitic lineages. Moreover, the diversification of monophyletic Cymbaria occurred during the late Miocene (6.72 Mya) in the Mongol–Chinese steppe region. Our findings provide valuable genetic resources for studying the phylogeny of Orobanchaceae and plant parasitism, and genetic tools to validate the authenticity of the traditional Mongolian medicine “Xinba.”
Size‐specific reduction in kelp consumption by New Zealand urchins exposed to chemical cues from the red rock lobster
Authors: Curtis Joseph S. , Wing Stephen R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSea urchins can strongly reduce their mobility, exposure to predation, and feeding rates upon detection of chemical cues produced by predators, driving behavioral effects on grazing activity that may contribute to macroalgal community dynamics. However, the extent of chemically induced antipredator behaviors in urchins can vary by predator–prey species pair and ecological context and is therefore important to characterize in novel settings. Additionally, the effect of predator and prey size on urchin reactions to predator cues has rarely been considered, with the few existing examples yielding mixed conclusions. Here, we used a replicated split‐plot experiment to measure the effects of red rock lobsters (Jasus edwardsii) on consumption of macroalgae by the New Zealand sea urchin (Evechinus chloroticus) across a range of predator and prey body sizes. Overall, per‐capita consumption rates of kelp by urchins declined by 30% in the presence of lobsters, though feeding activity varied widely among individuals. Based on mass‐specific measurements of feeding rates, responses to predator cues appeared similar across all urchin sizes but only yielded distinguishable differences in the amount of kelp consumed in trials with larger urchins due to their considerably higher feeding capacity. Conversely, consumption rates of kelp by urchins had no apparent relationship with lobster size, likely due to chemical cue saturation in our experimental setting or a risk gradient that was insufficient to elicit a graded behavioral response. Our findings provide new evidence for a nonconsumptive effect of lobsters on feeding rates of an important grazer that can potentially reinforce the ecological role of this key predator in New Zealand kelp beds.
Remotely sensed crown nutrient concentrations modulate forest reproduction across the contiguous United States
Authors: Qiu Tong , Clark James S. , Kovach Kyle R. , Townsend Philip A. , Swenson Jennifer J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobal forests are increasingly lost to climate change, disturbance, and human management. Evaluating forests' capacities to regenerate and colonize new habitats has to start with the seed production of individual trees and how it depends on nutrient access. Studies on the linkage between reproduction and foliar nutrients are limited to a few locations and few species, due to the large investment needed for field measurements on both variables. We synthesized tree fecundity estimates from the Masting Inference and Forecasting (MASTIF) network with foliar nutrient concentrations from hyperspectral remote sensing at the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) across the contiguous United States. We evaluated the relationships between seed production and foliar nutrients for 56,544 tree‐years from 26 species at individual and community scales. We found a prevalent association between high foliar phosphorous (P) concentration and low individual seed production (ISP) across the continent. Within‐species coefficients to nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) are related to species differences in nutrient demand, with distinct biogeographic patterns. Community seed production (CSP) decreased four orders of magnitude from the lowest to the highest foliar P. This first continental‐scale study sheds light on the relationship between seed production and foliar nutrients, highlighting the potential of using combined Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) and hyperspectral remote sensing to evaluate forest regeneration. The fact that both ISP and CSP decline in the presence of high foliar P levels has immediate application in improving forest demographic and regeneration models by providing more realistic nutrient effects at multiple scales.
Enantiomeric separation of nefopam and cathinone derivatives using a supramolecular deep eutectic solvent as a chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Ioannou Katerina A. , Georgiou Maria N. , Ioannou Georgia D. , Christou Atalanti , Stavrou Ioannis J. , Schmid Martin G. , Kapnissi‐Christodoulou Constantina P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present study investigates the utilization of a supramolecular deep eutectic solvent (SUPRADES), consisting of sulfated‐β‐cyclodextrin (S‐β‐CD) and citric acid (CA), as a chiral selector (CS) in capillary electrophoresis for the enantiomeric separation of nefopam (NEF) and five cathinone derivatives (3‐methylmethcathinone [3‐MMC], 4‐methylmethcathinone [4‐MMC], 3,4‐dimethylmethcathinone [3,4‐DMMC], 4‐methylethcathinone [4‐MEC], and 3,4‐methylendioxycathinone [MDMC]). A significant improvement in enantiomeric separation of the target analytes was observed upon the addition of S‐β‐CD‐CA to the background electrolyte (BGE), leading to a baseline separation of all analytes. In particular, the optimum percentage of S‐β‐CD‐CA, added to the BGE, was determined to be 0.075% v/v for NEF (Rs = 1.5) and 0.050% v/v for three out of five cathinone derivatives (Rs = 1.5, 1.6, and 2.4 for 3‐MMC, 4‐MEC, and 3,4‐DMMC, respectively). In the case of 4‐MMC and MDMC, a higher percentage of the CS, equal to 0.075% and 0.10% v/v, respectively, was required to achieve baseline separation (Rs = 1.5, 1.9 for MDMC and 4‐MMC, respectively). The outcomes of the present study highlight the potential effectiveness of using SUPRADES as a CS in electrophoretic enantioseparations.
MOF‐derived Co/C‐anchored MoS2‐based phase change materials toward thermal management and microwave absorption
Authors: Li Yang , Han Xukang , Zhu Jiaying , Feng Yuhao , Liu Panpan , Chen Xiao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the miniaturization and integration of electronic devices, developing advanced multifunctional phase change materials (PCMs) integrating thermal storage, thermal conduction, and microwave absorption to address electromagnetic interference, thermal dissipation, and instantaneous thermal shock is imperative. Herein, we proposed an extensible strategy to synthesize MOF‐derived Co/C‐anchored MoS2‐based PCMs using high‐temperature carbonation of flower‐like MoS2 grown in situ by ZIF67 and vacuum impregnation of paraffin. The resulting MoS2@Co/C‐paraffin composite PCMs exhibited good thermal storage density, thermal cycling stability, and long‐term durability. The thermal conductivity of composite PCMs was 44% higher than that of pristine paraffin due to the construction of low interfacial thermal resistance. More attractively, our designed composite PCMs also possessed −57.15 dB minimum reflection loss at 9.2 GHz with a thickness of 3.0 mm, corresponding to an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.86 GHz. The excellent microwave absorption was attributed to the multicomponent synergy of magnetic loss from Co nanoparticles and conductive loss from MOF‐derived carbon layers, and multiple reflection of MoS2 nanowrinkle, along with good impedance matching. This study provided a meaningful reference for the widespread application of composite PCMs combining thermal storage, thermal conduction, and microwave absorption in high‐power miniaturized electronic devices.
Practical considerations for the use of fenfluramine to manage patients with Dravet syndrome or Lennox–Gastaut syndrome in clinical practice
Authors: Wirrell Elaine C. , Lagae Lieven , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Cross J. Helen , Specchio Nicola , Strzelczyk Adam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFenfluramine (FFA), an antiseizure medication (ASM) with serotonergic and sigma‐1 receptor activity, is used to manage patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). It is approved in the US for treating seizures associated with Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in patients ≥2 years old and as add‐on therapy for seizures associated with DS and LGS in the EU, UK, and Japan in similarly aged patients. Consensus guidelines for treatment of DS have recommended FFA to be an early‐line ASM, and it has also shown efficacy in managing seizures associated with LGS. DS and LGS are DEEs associated with a range of seizure types, developmental impairments, and multiple comorbidities. Here we provide case vignettes describing 4 patients (3 DS and 1 LGS) aged 4–29 years old in whom up to 14 ASMs had previously failed, to illustrate real‐world practice issues encountered by neurologists. This review provides guidance on the use of FFA in the context of ASM polytherapy and drug–drug interactions (DDIs), behavioral issues, dose titration, and adverse events. Along with data from the clinical trial program, these case vignettes emphasize the low risk of DDIs, a generally well‐tolerated safety profile, and other seizure and nonseizure benefits (eg, improved cognition and sleep) associated with the use of FFA in DS or LGS.Plain Language SummaryFenfluramine is used to treat seizures in individuals with Dravet syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, but there are a range of issues that clinicians may face when treating patients. This review highlights four patients from the authors’ everyday clinical work and offers guidance and practical considerations by neurologists with expertise in managing these complex conditions related to drug interactions, dosing, and side effects associated with fenfluramine.
Experimental study on the fracture surface morphological characteristics and permeability characteristics of sandstones with different particle sizes
Authors: Zhengzheng Cao , Xiangqian Yang , Peiding Zhang , Zhenhua Li , Feng Du , Wenqiang Wang , Huanqi Chen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo study the seepage law and sectional morphological characteristics in splitting sandstones of different grain sizes, three‐dimensional morphological scanning tests and seepage characteristics tests are conducted on the splitting rock samples of siltstone, fine‐, medium‐ and coarse‐grained sandstone, and the differences in morphological characteristics and seepage law in different grain size sandstones are compared and analyzed. The test results show that the sections of siltstone and fine‐grained sandstone have the overall morphological characteristics of “one high and one low” with large undulation, while the sections of medium‐ and coarse‐grained sandstone have a more uniform distribution and less undulation. In the relationship between pressure gradient and flow velocity, siltstone and fine‐grained sandstone are precisely characterized by the Forchheimer formula, and medium‐ and coarse‐grained sandstone are well characterized by the Izbash formula, and the fitting effect is good. The results of the study are of great reference significance for improving the cross‐sectional morphological characteristics and seepage law of the splitting rock samples.
Examining effects of a novel estrogenic perfluoro-alcohol, 1H,1H,8H,8H-Perfluorooctane-1,8-diol (FC8-diol), using the fathead minnow EcoToxChip
Authors: Santana Rodriguez Kelvin J , Villeneuve Daniel L , Cavallin Jenna E , Blackwell Brett R , Hoang John , Hofer Rachel N , Jensen Kathleen M , Kahl Michael D , Kutsi Robin N , Stacy Emma , Morshead Mackenzie L , Ankley Gerald T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In a previous in vivo study, adult male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed via water for 4 days to 1H,1H,8H,8H-perfluorooctane-1,8-diol (FC8-diol). The present study expands on the evaluation of molecular responses to this perfluoro-alcohol by analyzing 26 male fathead minnow liver RNA samples from that study (five from each test concentration: 0, 0.018, 0.051, 0.171, and 0.463 mg FC8-diol/L) using fathead minnow EcoToxChips Ver. 1.0. EcoToxChips are a quantitative polymerase chain reaction array that allows for simultaneous measurement of &gt;375 species-specific genes of toxicological interest. Data were analyzed with the online tool EcoToxXplorer. Among the genes analyzed, 62 and 96 were significantly up- and downregulated, respectively, by one or more FC8-diol treatments. Gene expression results from the previous study were validated, showing an upregulation of vitellogenin mRNA (vtg) and downregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 mRNA (igf1). Additional genes related to estrogen receptor activation including esr2a (estrogen receptor 2a) and esrrb (estrogen related receptor beta) were also affected, providing further confirmation of the estrogenic nature of FC8-diol. Furthermore, genes involved in biological pathways related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, innate immune response, endocrine reproduction, and endocrine thyroid were significantly affected. These results both add confidence in the use of the EcoToxChip tool for inferring chemical mode(s) of action and provide further insights into the possible biological effects of FC8-diol.
Principles, fabrication, and applications of halide perovskites‐based memristors
Authors: Cheng Xiaozhe , Dou Zhitao , Lian Hong , Qin Zhitao , Guo Hongen , Li Xifeng , Wong Wai‐Yeung , Dong Qingchen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, the microelectronics industry has developed rapidly based on the von Neumann architecture and under the guidance of Moore's law. However, as the size of electronic devices approaches the limit and power consumption increases, traditional microelectronic materials and devices are facing more and more challenges. As a new type of semiconductor material, halide perovskites (HPs) have excellent photoelectric characteristics, such as high carrier mobility, controllable band structure, etc., which have been widely used in solar cells, light emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, memristors, and in other fields. Among them, the memristor, as a new type of electronic device, is very promising for in‐memory computing with low power consumption by breaking the limit of von Neumann architecture. Especially, HPs‐based memristors show outstanding photoelectric response performance, low power consumption, and flexible wearability, allowing them to hold great application potential in logical operation, polymorphic storage, and neuromorphic computing, etc. In this review, we first briefly introduce the basic characteristics and preparation methods of HPs. Secondly, the development history, device structure, and performance parameters of memristors are depicted in detail. Thirdly, the resistance mechanism and application of HPs‐based memristors are discussed. Finally, the research status and development prospects of HPs‐based memristors are outlined.
Emerging nanomedicine strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
Authors: Guo Chen , Zhang Jiayu , Cai Xiaomeng , Dou Rui , Tang Jiaruo , Huang Zhengyuan , Wang Xueting , Guo Yan , Chen Hanqing , Chen Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor with a range of risk factors, including viral infections, alcoholic liver disease, exposure to fungal toxins, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Despite advancements in early detection and treatment, HCC continues to exhibit a high rate of recurrence. Patients in advanced stages have a poor prognosis, and the survival rate after cancer metastasis is notably low. Consequently, there exists an urgent necessity for novel treatment strategies. Nanomedicine possesses superior attributes, such as targeted administration and responsive drug release within the tumor microenvironment. These systems demonstrate potential in HCC treatment by facilitating the transportation of diverse therapeutic drugs. This comprehensive review aims to delve into the application of nanoparticle drug delivery systems in the management of liver tumors, with particular emphasis on formulation, targeted strategies specific to liver tumors, and various methods of drug release. By offering insights into the utilization of nanoparticle drug delivery systems in the realm of liver tumor treatment, this review endeavors to assist readers in exploring their vast potential.