bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthenes: Model systems for understanding the edge state of graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Konishi Akihito , Hirao Yasukazu , Kurata Hiroyuki , Kubo Takashi , Nakano Masayoshi , Kamada Kenji 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe edge state, which is a peculiar magnetic state in zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) originating from an electron–electron correlation in an edge-localized π-state, has promising applications for magnetic and spintronics devices and has attracted much attention of physicists, chemists, and engineers. For deeper understanding of the edge state, precise fabrication of edge structures in ZGNRs has been highly demanded. We focus on anthenes, which are peri-condensed anthracenes that have zigzag and armchair edges on the molecular periphery, as model systems for understanding, and indeed prepare and characterize them. This paper summarizes our recent studies on the origin of the edge state by investigating anthenes in terms of the relationship between the molecular structure and spin-localizing character.
Single-cycle method for partitioning of trivalent actinides using
completely incinerable reagents from nitric acid medium
Authors: Ravi Jammu , Venkatesan K. A. , Antony M. P. , Srinivasan T. G. , Vasudeva Rao P. R. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A new approach, namely “Single-cycle method for partitioning of Minor Actinides using completely incinerable
ReagenTs” (SMART), has been explored for the separation of Am(III) from Eu(III) present in nitric acid medium. The
extraction behavior of Am(III) and Eu(III) in a solution of an unsymmetrical diglycolamide, N,N,-didodecyl-N′,N′-dioctyl-3-oxapentane-1,5-diamide (D3DODGA), and an acidic extractant,
N, N-di-2-ethylhexyl diglycolamic acid (HDEHDGA), in n-dodecane was studied. The distribution ratio of both these metal ions
in D3DODGA-HDEHDGA/n-dodecane initially decreased with increase in the concentration of nitric acid reached a minimum at
0.1 M nitric acid followed by increase. Synergic extraction of Am(III) and Eu(III) was observed at nitric acid
concentrations above 0.1 M and antagonism at lower acidities. Contrasting behavior observed at different acidities
was probed by the slope analysis of the extraction data. The study revealed the involvement of both D3DODGA and HDEHDGA
during synergism and increased participation of HDEHDGA during antagonism. The stripping behavior of Am(III) and Eu(III) from
the loaded organic phase was studied as a function of nitric acid, DTPA, and citric acid concentrations. The conditions needed
for the mutual separation of Am(III) and Eu(III) from the loaded organic phase were optimized. Our studies revealed the
possibility of separating trivalent actinides from HLLW using these completely incinerable reagents.
Impact of Genetic Background on Neonatal Lethality of Gga2 Gene-Trap Mice
Authors: Doray Balraj , Govero Jennifer , Kornfeld Stuart 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The functional redundancy of the three mammalian Golgi-localized, γ-ear–containing, ADP-ribosylation factor-binding proteins (GGAs) was addressed in a previous study. Using insertional mutagenesis, we found that Gga1 or Gga3 homozygous knockout mice were for the most part normal, whereas mice homozygous for two different Gga2 gene-trap alleles exhibited either embryonic or neonatal lethality in the C57BL/6 background, depending on the source of the vector utilized (Byg vs. Tigm, respectively). We now show that the Byg strain harbors a disrupted Gga2 allele that is hypomorphic, indicating that the Byg lethality is attributable to a mechanism independent of GGA2. This is in contrast to the Tigm Gga2 allele, which is a true knockout and establishes a role for GGA2 during the neonatal period. Placement of the Tigm Gga2 allele into the C57BL6/Ola129Sv mixed background results in a lower incidence of neonatal lethality, showing the importance of genetic background in determining the requirement for GGA2 during this period. The Gga2−/− mice that survive have reduced body weight at birth and this runted phenotype is maintained through adulthood.
Life and Fertility Tables ofTrichospilus diatraeae(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) withTenebrio molitor(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Pupae
Authors: Favero Kellen , Pereira Fabrício Fagundes , Kassab Samir Oliveira , Costa Daniele Perassa , Zanuncio José Cola 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAlternative hosts may increase rearing and possibilities of using Trichospilus diatraeae (Cherian & Margabandhu) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) for biological control. The aim of this study was to evaluate T. diatraeae reproduction with the alternative host Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with life and fertility tables. Twenty-five 24-h-old T. diatraeae females were individualized per Te. molitor pupae of the same age, who were replaced daily until their death of this parasitoid. Survival of T. diatraeae immature in Te. molitor pupae was 92.65%. Longevity of female parasitoids was 8.28 d with an innate density increase of 0.15, net reproductive rate of 37.50, finite rate of increase of 1.16, mean generation time of 23.67, and population doubling time of 4.52 wk. Te. molitor pupae are suitable for development and rearing of T. diatraeae.
Lagrangian 4-planes in holomorphic symplectic varieties of K3[4]-type
Authors: Bakker Benjamin , Jorza Andrei 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
We classify the cohomology classes of Lagrangian 4-planes ℙ4 in a smooth manifold X deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of four points on a K3 surface, up to the monodromy action. Classically, the Mori cone of effective curves on a K3 surface S is generated by nonnegative classes C, for which (C, C) ≥ 0, and nodal classes C, for which (C, C) = −2; Hassett and Tschinkel conjecture that the Mori cone of a holomorphic symplectic variety X is similarly controlled by “nodal” classes C such that (C, C) = −γ, for (·,·) now the Beauville-Bogomolov form, where γ classifies the geometry of the extremal contraction associated to C. In particular, they conjecture that for X deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of n points on a K3 surface, the class C = ℓ of a line in a smooth Lagrangian n-plane ℙn must satisfy (ℓ,ℓ) = −(n + 3)/2. We prove the conjecture for n = 4 by computing the ring of monodromy invariants on X, and showing there is a unique monodromy orbit of Lagrangian 4-planes.
Compact differences of composition operators on weighted Dirichlet spaces
Authors: Allen Robert , Heller Katherine , Pons Matthew 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Here we consider when the difference of two composition operators is compact on the weighted Dirichlet spaces . Specifically we study differences of composition operators on the Dirichlet space and S
2, the space of analytic functions whose first derivative is in H
2, and then use Calderón’s complex interpolation to extend the results to the general weighted Dirichlet spaces. As a corollary we consider composition operators induced by linear fractional self-maps of the disk.
Study on the activity of the signaling pathways regulating hepatocytes from G0 phase into G1 phase during rat liver regeneration
Authors: Li Menghua , Zhou Xiaochun , Mei Jinxin , Geng Xiaofang , Zhou Yun , Zhang Weimin , Xu Cunshuan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractUnder normal physiological conditions, the majority of hepatocytes are in the functional state (G0 phase). After injury or liver partial hepatectomy (PH), hepatocytes are rapidly activated to divide. To understand the mechanism underlying hepatocyte G0/G1 transition during rat liver regeneration, we used the Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array to determine the expression changes of genes, then searched the GO and NCBI databases for genes associated with the G0/G1 transition, and QIAGEN and KEGG databases for the G0/G1 transition signaling pathways. We used expression profile function (E t) to calculate the activity level of the known G0/G1 transition signal pathways, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis 9.0 (IPA) to determine the interactions among these signaling pathways. The results of our study show that the activity of the signaling pathways of HGF, IL-10 mediated by p38MAPK, IL-6 mediated by STAT3, and JAK/STAT mediated by Ras/ERK and STAT3 are significantly increased during the priming phase (2–6 h after PH) of rat liver regeneration. This leads us to conclude that during rat liver regeneration, the HGF, IL-10, IL-6 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways play a major role in promoting hepatocyte G0/G1 transition in the regenerating liver.
Comparative Study of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate-containing Orthodontic Composite and Conventional Orthodontic Adhesive on Enamel Demineralization around Orthodontic Brackets – An in vivo Study
Authors: Agarwal Aradhana , Swami Vinit , Sable RB 
Published: March 2014

Introduction: One of the most difficult problems in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is enamel demineralization around the brackets. This iatrogenically caused white spot lesions leads to poor esthetics; and in severe cases it may need restorative treatment.
Objective: To evaluate in vivo effect of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP)-containing orthodontic composite on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets, and to compare it with the conventional resin based orthodontic composite.
Materials & Method: 20 orthodontic patients planned for four first premolars extraction were selected for the study. All first premolars were bonded with Aegis Ortho, an ACP-containing orthodontic composite (experimental group), and Transbond XT, a resin-based orthodontic composite (control group). After 45 days teeth were extracted, sectioned for the microhardness group and evaluated by superficial-microhardness analysis and stereomicroscopic study. Unpaired t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed.
Result: The ANOVA showed statistically significant differences for position, material, depth, and their interactions (p <0.001). The multiple comparison test showed that the ACP-containing orthodontic composite was significantly more efficient than the conventional composite, reducing enamel demineralization in almost all evaluations (p <0.001). The stereomicroscopic examinations showed a lesser extent of demineralization around orthodontic brackets for the ACP-containing orthodontic composite group.
Conclusion: ACP-containing orthodontic composite for bonding orthodontic brackets successfully inhibited demineralization, which was localized to the area around the brackets.
Properties of Binary Surfactant Systems of a Cationic Ester-Containing Gemini Surfactant with Some Conventional Surfactants in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Xu Hujun , Kang Peng , Bao Xinyan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Gemini surfactant, N,N′-bis(dimethyl ethyl dodecane)ethyl ether dibromide was synthesized and symbolized as II-12-EO2. The surface chemical properties and micelle behaviors of II-12-EO2 with poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) lauryl ether (C12E6) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were investigated in 0.1 mol · L−1 sodium bromide aqueous solution at 313 K using surface tension measurements and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of II-12-EO2 is 1.99 × 10−4 mol · L−1 and the aggregation number is 23. The cmc values of the two binary systems with different molar fractions are all lower than those of pure constituent surfactants, and the aggregation numbers of the binary systems are all larger than that of II-12-EO2. The interaction parameters β of the two binary systems were calculated, and the negative values of β indicate the existence of synergism in surface tension reduction efficiency, mixed micelle formation and surface tension reduction effectiveness.
Forced Fracture of „Witch Hat“ Fuel Oil Filters of a Gas Turbine Engine Test Rig
Authors: Cagliyan E. , Gädicke T. , Neidel A. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A number of perforated-plate fuel oil strainers, called “witch hat” filters for their peculiar shape, were found fractured. Detailed metallurgical failure examinations revealed deflagration within the filter body, i. e. a mild explosion, as the cause of fracture by tensile overload. No evidence of fatigue was found on the fracture surfaces. The microstructure of the subject failed “witch hat” filters was unremarkable, except for the presence of slip lines immediately adjacent to the fracture surfaces. This is consistent with and evidence for plastic deformation in the area of the fracture. While the metallurgical or physical cause of failure was determined to be tensile overload, where the ligaments between the filter holes fractured, the root cause of failure was found to be abuse in engine service, that caused deflagration of fuel oil vapours within the filter body.
The European Union and the Identity of Member States
Authors: Mangiameli Stelio 
Published: March 2014

L’identité des États membres de l’UE limite les compétences européennes et le processus d’intégration et détermine l’interprétation du droit européen, puisque le noyau inviolable et essentiel des constitutions peut empêcher l’application du droit européen. Toutefois, le processus d’intégration européenne, ainsi que la fondation de la souveraineté légale européenne, ne sont pas garantis par les constitutions nationales, mais par la volonté, partagée par les États, de faire naître un système juridique commun. La situation de la dernière décennie montre des fractures dans le processus d’intégration, qui mettent en discussion même la souveraineté juridique de l’Union européenne. En effet, d’un point de vue factuel, certains États de l’Union ont obtenu une position, qui les différencie des autres. Une telle différenciation peut se manifester, nettement, dans la position de « veto », que la France a revendiqué (2005), dans les positions juridiques prises par le juge constitutionnel allemand dans sa décision sur le traité de Lisbonne (2009) et dans le Traité sur la stabilité, la coordination et la gouvernance (2012). Particulièrement avec ce dernier, l’attribution de la souveraineté budgétaire a clairement été effectuée en faveur de certains États membres, plutôt que de l’Union.
Just another Crisis?
Authors: Petritsch Wolfgang 
Published: March 2014

Le monde est confronté à des changements fondamentaux dans le système international. L’émergence de la Chine, de l’Inde et d’autres économies émergentes modifie l’équilibre du pouvoir dans le monde, tandis que les pays occidentaux, en particulier les membres de l’Union européenne et les États-Unis, font face à de grandes difficultés économiques et politiques liées au niveau de la dette souveraine, à la hausse des inégalités et à la « croissance sans emploi ». Des conflits intra-étatiques et transnationaux, souvent lancés par des acteurs non étatiques, y compris les organisations terroristes comme Al-Qaida, posent de nouveaux enjeux difficiles pour la préservation de la paix et de la sécurité. Dans ce contexte global, l’UE est confrontée à ses plus grands défis depuis sa création. Alors qu’elle est confrontée à la crise économique, elle doit faire face en même temps à la nécessité d’achever l’élargissement vers l’Europe du Sud-Est. En outre, l’UE doit relever le défi d’être perçue – pas tout à fait à tort – comme trop distante, technocratique, non démocratique, et excessivement tatillonne. Ce défi offre également de nouvelles possibilités, mais, à défaut de les saisir et de mettre en œuvre les réformes nécessaires, il peut également conduire la grande expérience européenne à sa fin. Cela ne doit et ne peut pas être le cas, et les stratégies possibles pour un renouvellement de l’Europe sont ici présentées.
Cutting Edge: Flt3 Ligand Mediates STAT3-Independent Expansion but STAT3-Dependent Activation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
Authors: Rosborough Brian R. , Mathews Lisa R. , Matta Benjamin M. , Liu Quan , Raïch-Regué Dàlia , Thomson Angus W. , Turnquist Hēth R. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The Flt3–Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) pathway is critically involved in the differentiation and homeostasis of myeloid cells, including dendritic cells (DC); however, its role in the expansion and function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) has not been determined. In this article, we describe the ability of Flt3L to expand and activate murine MDSC capable of suppressing allograft rejection upon adoptive transfer. Although Flt3L expands and augments the stimulatory capacity of myeloid DC, MDSC expanded by Flt3L have increased suppressive activity. Although STAT3 is considered the central transcription factor for MDSC expansion, inhibition and genetic ablation of STAT3 did not block, but rather augmented, Flt3L-mediated MDSC expansion. MDSC suppressive function, preserved when STAT3 inhibition was removed, was reduced by genetic STAT3 deletion. Both STAT3 inhibition and deletion reduced Flt3L-mediated DC expansion, signifying that STAT3 had reciprocal effects on suppressive MDSC and immunostimulatory DC expansion. Together, these findings enhance our understanding of the immunomodulatory properties of Flt3L.
Trabalho e estresse: identificação do estresse e dos estressores ocupacionais em trabalhadores de uma unidade administrativa de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior (IES)
Authors: Junior Edward Goulart , Cardoso Hugo Ferrari , Domingues Luiza Calori , Green Roberta Miguel , Lima Thássia Ramos 
Published: March 2014

O artigo apresenta pesquisa realizada junto a servidores públicos de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) que teve como objetivo diagnosticar a presença do estresse nessa população, a fase do estresse em que os indivíduos se encontram e a predominância de sintomas, se físicos ou psicológicos. Objetivou também caracterizar o quadro sintomatológico da população que experimenta estresse e os principais estressores do contexto de trabalho onde os participantes atuam. A pesquisa revelou que 46,6% dos participantes estão experimentando estresse, a sua maioria se encontra em fase de resistência com predominância de sintomas psicológicos. Entre os principais estressores dos contextos de trabalho, destacaram-se o ambiente físico do local de trabalho, infraestrutura do setor de trabalho, processo de avaliação de desempenho profissional adotado pela IES, baixo reconhecimento atribuído ao trabalho realizado e o número reduzido de servidores em determinados setores. Os resultados revelaram a avanço da presença do estresse nessa amostra e a necessidade de ações adequadas de políticas e práticas de gestão de pessoas que visem atuar para minimizar esse fenômeno.
A colaboração do segmento privado da educação superior na proposta de democratização do acesso: um estudo da perspectiva sul catarinese
Authors: Francisco Thiago Henrique Almino , Nakayama Marina Keiko , Ramos Alexandre Moraes , Pinto Rodrigo Serpa , Rodrigues Thiago Meneghel 
Published: March 2014

Considerando a democratização do acesso à educação superior, o artigo tem como objetivo apresentar quais são as principais contribuições de Faculdades Isoladas localizadas no Sul do Estado de Santa Catarina. Para tanto, as contribuições teóricas se estruturam sob a égide de uma reflexão baseada na evolução da educação superior no Brasil, em reflexões sobre a qualidade no segmento e sobre o PNE como instrumento norteador da expansão da educação superior. Desse modo, com base nas orientações metodológicas, a pesquisa configura-se como sendo predominantemente qualitativa, tendo suas bases principais centradas em um estudo de caso de IES localizadas no sul do estado de Santa Catarina. Os resultados permitem inferir que os principais indicadores que práticas vinculadas a observância das características sociais do entorno permitem alinhar ações acadêmicas e administrativas que fomentam a democratização do acesso, a equidade e a permanência, fomentando oportunidades para a consecução dos objetivos do Plano Nacional da Educação.
Analyser les villes et le changement dans une ère de mondialisation : deux points de vue divergents
Authors: Hannigan John , Malo Isabelle 
Published: March 2014

Dans cet article, j’identifie et je mets en contraste deux approches théoriques et politiques opposées de la ville contemporaine du changement urbain. La première approche, soit unmodèleéconomique de la prospérité, privilégie la productivité économique et la compétitivité, l’urbanité cosmopolite, la consommation culturelle, la gouvernance en partenariat public-privé, ainsi que la créativité et l’innovation comme des moteurs de croissance. En revanche, lemodèle éthique et émancipateurfavorise plutôt l’économie informelle, les pratiques urbaines quotidiennes, les infrastructures et espaces publics, les droits du citoyen, l’équité sociale et la redistribution, une justice sociale et un espoir démocratique. Ces deux approches ont en commun un souci de tolérance et de diversité. Alors que la première envisage la diversité comme un « leurre » avec lequel attirer les touristes, les investisseurs potentiels et les « personnes créatives », la seconde valorise la différence urbaine à part entière comme un seuil à franchir vers une ville « hospitalière » et équitable. En m’appuyant sur les trois « logiques sociales » d’Iveson et Fincher pour la planification dans la quête du droit à la ville, je conclus en discutant des perspectives de conciliation des deux approches pour un avenir et un changement urbain.
Gouverner les métropoles : l’improbable gouvernement métropolitain
Authors: Lefèvre Christian 
Published: March 2014

Cet article traite du gouvernement des métropoles. Après avoir dans une première partie clarifié les notions de gouvernement, gouvernance, gouverner et gouvernabilité ainsi que celle de métropole, l’auteur s’intéresse aux très nombreuses tentatives de création d’un gouvernement métropolitain au cours des dernières décennies. Il dresse ainsi un bilan sévère mais réaliste des échecs et des demi-succès des réformes institutionnelles engagées dans la plupart des pays démocratiques mais aussi des initiatives plus récentes qu’il renferme sous la notion de gouvernance (planification stratégique, « new regionalism », coopérations entre acteurs, régimes politiques urbains, etc.). Dans un second temps, il explique ce bilan plutôt négatif par la permanence d’obstacles non résolus comme le rôle ambigu des États, la réticence, voire l’opposition des collectivités locales et des villes centre et enfin le refus des populations au travers des instruments de la démocratie locale. Une dernière partie met l’accent sur l’importance de l’action politique et sur les deux chantiers principaux qu’elle doit mettre en oeuvre pour faire des métropoles des territoires politiques : la construction d’une identité métropolitaine et celle d’un leadership territorial, faute de quoi le gouvernement métropolitain demeurera improbable.
L’état des métropoles : évaluation du changement dans les villes mondiales
Authors: Savitch Hank V. , Weinstein Daniel , Malo Isabelle 
Published: March 2014

De quelle façon les grandes métropoles se sont-elles transformées au cours des vingt dernières années ? Leur population et leur économie se sont-elles améliorées, détériorées ou sont-elles demeurées stables ? Ces sociétés se sont-elles centralisées ou décentralisées ? Ont-elles obtenu un statut d’instance de gouvernance ou sont-elles demeurées des entités politiquement incomplètes ? Nous tentons de répondre à ces questions en examinant plus de 120 villes et en présentant des tendances de base. Les métropoles abondent en Amérique du Nord, en Europe occidentale et orientale, au Japon, en Amérique latine et en Afrique subsaharienne. Nous examinons également la « hiérarchie mondiale » des métropoles en évaluant les changements de catégories nominales des villes mondiales. Ces changements sont aussi comparés à l’évolution du développement humain sur le plan national. D’une certaine façon, une telle étude sonde les liens possibles entre la mondialisation et ses conséquences sur le développement des villes mondiales. Nous constatons que les villes de toutes les régions du monde développé sont passées d’un statut politico-socio-économique à un autre, d’où le choix du titre de notre article.