bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (Z)‐N‐Alkenyl‐β‐arylselanyl Imidazoles via Additive‐Free Nucleophilic Addition of Imidazole to Arylselanylalkynes.
Authors: Soares Liane K. , Lara Renata G. , Jacob Raquel G. , Lenardao Eder J. , Alves Diego , Perin Gelson 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe addition proceeds with high regio‐ and E/Z‐selectivity to produce (Z)‐alkenes as only isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploration of Possible Biosynthetic Origin of 1/8/9‐Orthoester Moiety in Phragmalins.
Authors: Hu Sheng‐Mou , Luo Jun , Yang Lei , Kong Ling‐Yi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAn efficient and concise method for the preparation of compounds (I) from tabulalin is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Synthesis of (‐)‐Lentiginosine via an anti,syn‐Oxazine.
Authors: Kim Gun‐Woo , Jin Tian , Kim Jin‐Seok , Park Seok‐Hwi , Lee Kun‐Hee , Kim Seong‐Soo , Myeong In‐Soo , Ham Won‐Hun 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe compound is synthesized from a chiral 1,3‐oxazine using Wittig reaction followed by a cyclization as key features over ten steps with an overall yield of 15.7%.
ChemInform Abstract: A Rapid and Efficient Access to Renieramycin‐Type Alkaloids Featuring a Temperature‐Dependent Stereoselective Cyclization.
Authors: Liu Hao , Chen Ruijiao , Chen Xiaochuan 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA flexible protocol for the asymmetric synthesis of renieramycin‐type alkaloids, such as Renieramycin G (III) and Jorunnamycin A (IV), in which the spontaneous lactamization of (I) after N‐deprotection is employed to construct the pentacyclic framework is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation of an Anthrabenzoxocinone 1.264‐C from Streptomyces sp. FXJ1.264 and Absolute Configuration Determination of the Anthrabenzoxocinones.
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Liu Ning , Huang Ying , Chen Yihua 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBased on the determination of the absolute configuration of compound (I) the configuration of several other anthrabenzoxocinones is assigned.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Bulk Synthesis of Stable, Near Unit‐Cell Sized Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanoparticle Blends Using KO2.
Authors: Sutto Thomas E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBulk quantities of nm‐sized oxides or hydroxides of Mg, Y, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn, Tl, Pb, and Ce, and nanoparticulate blends of the lithium cathode material LiCoO2, the multiferroic compound BiMnO3+δ, and the superconducting YBa2Cu3O7‐γ are prepared from aqueous solutions of sulfates, chlorides, acetates, or nitrates and a 2‐fold molar excess of KO2 (pH 7, <90% yields).
ChemInform Abstract: Supplemental Literature Review of Binary Phase Diagrams: Ag‐Ho, Ag‐Tb, Ag‐Y, Cd‐Na, Ce‐Sn, Co‐Dy, Cu‐Dy, Cu‐Sn, Ir‐Pt, Mg‐Pb, Mo‐Ni, and Sc‐Y
Authors: Okamoto H. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReview: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Supported Heavier Group 14 Elements: Recent Progress and Challenges
Authors: Prabusankar Ganesan , Sathyanarayana Arruri , Suresh Paladugu , Naga Babu Chatla , Srinivas Katam , Metla Bhanu Prakasa Rao 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReview: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Non‐metal‐assisted Trifluoromethylation and Perfluoroalkylation Reactions of Organic Substrates
Authors: Barata‐Vallejo Sebastian , Torviso M. Rosario , Lantano Beatriz , Bonesi Sergio M. , Postigo Al 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReview: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Environment‐Friendly Synthesis of Bioactive Pyrazoles
Authors: Pizzuti Lucas , Barschak Alethea G. , Stefanello Francieli M. , Farias Marilia D. , Lencina Claiton , Roesch‐Ely Mariana , Cunico Wilson , Moura Sidnei , Pereira Claudio M. P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReview: 106 refs.
Therapeutic Strategies for Metabolic Diseases: Small‐Molecule Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase (DGAT) Inhibitors
Authors: Naik Ravi , Obiang‐Obounou Brice W. , Kim Minkyoung , Choi Yongseok , Lee Hyun Sun , Lee Kyeong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMetabolic diseases such as atherogenic dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, obesity, and type II diabetes are emerging as major global health problems. Acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is responsible for catalyzing the final reaction in the glycerol phosphate pathway of triglycerol synthesis. It has two isoforms, DGAT‐1 and DGAT‐2, which are widely expressed and present in white adipose tissue. DGAT‐1 is most highly expressed in the small intestine, whereas DGAT‐2 is primarily expressed in the liver. Therefore, the selective inhibition of DGAT‐1 has become an attractive target with growing potential for the treatment of obesity and type II diabetes. Furthermore, DGAT‐2 has been suggested as a new target for the treatment of DGAT‐2‐related liver diseases including hepatic steatosis, hepatic injury, and fibrosis. In view the discovery of drugs that target DGAT, herein we attempt to provide insight into the scope and further reasons for optimization of DGAT inhibitors.
The development of a financial toxicity patient‐reported outcome in cancer: The COST measure
Authors: de Souza Jonas A. , Yap Bonnie J. , Hlubocky Fay J. , Wroblewski Kristen , Ratain Mark J. , Cella David , Daugherty Christopher K. 
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUNDConsidering patients' experience is essential for optimal decision‐making. However, despite increasing recognition of the impact of costs on oncology care, there is no patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) that specifically describes the financial distress experienced by patients.METHODSThe content for a comprehensive score for financial toxicity (COST) was developed with a stepwise approach: step 1) a literature review and semistructured, qualitative interviews with patients for content generation; step 2) patients' assessment of the items for importance to their quality of life; step 3) pilot testing assessing interitem (IIC) and item–total (ITC) correlations to identify redundancy (Spearman rho, >0.7) and statistically unrelated content (P > .05); and step 4) exploratory factor analysis. Sociodemographic data were collected.RESULTSIn total, 155 patients with advanced cancer who were receiving treatment (20 patients in step 1, 35 patients in step 2, and 100 patients in steps 3 and 4) participated in the PROM development. In step 1, the literature was reviewed, and 20 patients generated 147 items, which were reduced to 58 items because of redundancy. In step 2, 35 patients rated the 58 items on importance, and 30 items were retained. In step 3, 46 patients assessed the 30 items, 14 items were excluded because of high IIC, and 3 were excluded because of nonsignificant ITC. In step 4, 2 items were discarded because of poor loadings in a factor analysis of 100 patients, resulting in an 11‐item PROM.CONCLUSIONSThe content for a financial toxicity PROM was developed in 155 patients. The provisional COST measure demonstrated face and content validity as well as internal consistency and should be validated in larger samples.Cancer2014;120:3245–3253.©2014 American Cancer Society.
BODIPY‐Bridged Push–Pull Chromophores for Nonlinear Optical Applications
Authors: Ulrich Gilles , Barsella Alberto , Boeglin Alex , Niu Songlin , Ziessel Raymond 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA set of linear and dissymmetric BODIPY‐bridged push–pull dyes are synthesized. The electron‐donating substituents are anisole and dialkylanilino groups. The strongly electron‐accepting moiety, a 1,1,4,4‐tetracyanobuta‐1,3‐diene (TCBD) group, is obtained by insertion of an electron‐rich ethyne into tetracyanoethylene. A nonlinear push–pull system is developed with a donor at the 5‐position of the BODIPY core and the acceptor at the 2‐position. All dyes are fully characterized and their electrochemical, linear and nonlinear optical properties are discussed. The linear optical properties of dialkylamino compounds show strong solvatochromic behavior and undergo drastic changes upon protonation. The strong push–pull systems are non‐fluorescent and the TCBD‐BODIPY dyes show diverse photochemistry and electrochemistry, with several reversible reduction waves for the tetracyanobutadiene moiety. The hyperpolarizability μβ of selected compounds is evaluated using the electric‐field‐induced second‐harmonic generation technique. Two of the TCBD‐BODIPY dyes show particularly high μβ (1.907 μm) values of 2050×10−48 and 5900×10−48 esu. In addition, one of these dyes shows a high NLO contrast upon protonation–deprotonation of the donor residue.
An Energy Investigation into 1D/2D Oriented‐Attachment Assemblies of 1D Ag Nanocrystals
Authors: Lv Weiqiang , Yang Xuemei , Wang Wei , Niu Yinghua , Liu Zhongping , He Weidong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn the field of oriented‐attachment crystal growth, one‐dimensional nanocrystals are frequently employed as building blocks to synthesize two‐dimensional or large‐aspect‐ratio one‐dimensional nanocrystals. Despite recent extensive experimental advances, the underlying inter‐particle interaction in the synthesis still remains elusive. In this report, using Ag as a platform, we investigate the van der Waals interactions associated with the side‐by‐side and end‐to‐end assemblies of one‐dimensional nanorods. The size, aspect ratio, and inter‐particle separation of the Ag precursor nanorods are found to have dramatically different impacts on the van der Waals interactions in the two types of assemblies. Our work facilitates the fundamental understanding of the oriented‐attachment assembling mechanism based on one‐dimensional nanocrystals.
Multistimuli‐Responsive Supramolecular Gels: Design Rationale, Recent Advances, and Perspectives
Authors: Sun Zhifang , Huang Qiyu , He Ting , Li Zhengyuan , Zhang Yi , Yi Lunzhao 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis manuscript presents a brief overview of recent advances in multistimuli‐responsive supramolecular gels (MRSGs). The synthesis of MRSGs with faster and smarter responsive abilities to a variety of external stimuli, such as redox reagents, pH changes, ligands, and coupling reagents, is one key issue for the upgrade of current molecular motors, signal sensors, shape memory devices, drug delivery systems, display devices, and other devices. However, the design rules of MRSGs are still not well understood. The lack of information about the relationship between the spatial structure and gelation behavior of existing gelators means that the knowledge required to design new gelators by the addition of functional moieties to well‐known gelators is lacking. Insights into the gelation pathway of known gelators may bring inspiration to researchers who want to exploit elegant designs and specific building blocks to obtain their own MRSGs with predictable stimuli‐responsive abilities.
Enhanced Phosphorescence Emission by Incorporating Aromatic Halides into an Entangled Coordination Framework Based on Naphthalenediimide
Authors: Martínez‐Martínez Virginia , Sola Llano Rebeca , Furukawa Shuhei , Takashima Yohei , López Arbeloa Iñigo , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPhosphorescence emission at room temperature is turned on in an entangled porous coordination polymer (PCP) with naphthalenediimide (NDI) as chromophore, by incorporating halogenated guests into the pores. The phosphorescent efficiency is drastically increased by the incorporation of aromatic halide guests in comparison with the incorporation of nonaromatic derivatives. Aromatic halide guests trigger a structural transformation, which allows a strong interaction with the NDI ligand in the framework through charge‐transfer complexation, and provides an extra population process of the triplet state. The long‐lived photoinduced triplet states, with an emission wavelength in the red region of the visible spectrum, demonstrated by this PCP, may open the door for potential uses, for example, as singlet‐oxygen generators or for bio‐imaging applications.
Ab Initio MP2 and Density Functional Theory Computational Study of AcAlaNH2 Peptide Hydration: A Bottom‐Up Approach
Authors: Lanza Giuseppe , Chiacchio Maria A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAcAlaNH2⋅n H2O (n=1–13) complexes have been proposed as models to account for water solvent effects on the molecular properties of N‐acetyl‐L‐alanine amide. Ab initio computations are planned to evaluate peptide–water interactions and to provide a means for approximating relative effects of the short‐range many‐body interactions arising in real solution without introducing any external parameters intended to quantify empirical or semiempirical potential‐energy functions. The present bottom‐up approach reveals the formation of compact ring clusters of water molecules strongly bonded to peptidic polar groups throughout hydrogen bonds. The explicit coordination of water molecules around the peptide renders the fully extended (FE) and polyproline II (PPII) conformers more stable with respect to the 310 helix or γ turn. The alternance of donor and acceptor groups on both sides of the FE and PPII conformers allows for synergy and extensive H‐bonding.
The Oxidation of Sulfur Dioxide by Single and Double Oxygen Transfer Paths
Authors: Troiani Anna , Rosi Marzio , Salvitti Chiara , de Petris Giulia 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe oxidation of SO2 by nonmetal oxoanions in the gas phase is investigated in an experimental and theoretical study of the structure of the species involved and the reaction kinetics and mechanism. SO3, SO3.− and SO4.− are efficiently produced by reaction of OnXO− anions (X=Cl, Br, and I; n=0 and 1) with SO2; XO− ions mainly react to give SO3 by oxygen‐atom transfer, whereas OXO− ions mainly give SO3.− by oxygen‐anion transfer. On descending the halogen group from chlorine to iodine, the SO3/SO3.− ratio decreases and increases for reactions involving XO− and OXO− anions, respectively, whereas the formation of SO4.− is particularly significant with OIO−. Kinetic factors play a major role in the reactions of OnXO−, depending on the halogen atom and its oxidation state.
Dithienopyrrole‐/Benzodithiophene‐Based Donor–Acceptor Polymers for Memristor
Authors: Wang Cheng , Liu Gang , Chen Yu , Liu Shanshan , Chen Qibin , Li Runwei , Zhang Bin 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTwo new donor (D)–acceptor (A) copolymers, poly({4,4′‐[4,4′‐(9H‐fluorene‐9,9‐diyl)bis(4,1‐phenylene)]bis(oxy)diphthalonitrile}‐alt‐[dithieno [3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole]) (P1) and poly({4,4′‐[4,4′‐(9H‐fluorene‐9,9‐diyl)bis(4,1‐phenylene)]bis(oxy)diphthalonitrile}‐alt‐([1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene)) (P2), have been designed and synthesized by the Stille coupling reaction. The dipole moment of P1 (10.71 Debye) is larger than that of P2 (6.59 Debye). A strong dipole moment helps to sustain the conductive charge‐transfer state. To evaluate the nonvolatile memristive performance of P1 and P2, the corresponding memory device can be fabricated with the configuration of platinum (50 nm)/polymer (100 nm)/platinum (150 nm)/silicon. In contrast with the P2‐based device with almost negligible switching and memristive behavior, the P1‐based memristor exhibits a maximum ILRS/IHRS ratio of about 10 (ILRS and IHRS are the current values in the low‐resistance state (LRS) and high‐resistance state (HRS), respectively) at ±2.0 V. Distinguishable from the bistable resistive switching, showing abrupt resistance or conductance jumps, the electrical transition observed in the memristor demonstrates a smoother tuning of the sample conductance during the voltage sweeping processes. In addition, changes in the surface morphology of P1 and P2 are also observed under an applied bias voltage of 100 mV.
Recognition for Sustained Corporate Social Responsibility: Female Directors Make a Difference
Authors: Landry Erynne E. , Bernardi Richard A. , Bosco Susan M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis study examines a sample of 341 corporations that were ranked in the Fortune 500 in all seven years from 2006 through 2012. We compiled data from multiple corporate recognition lists including the following: the Most Admired Companies, the Most Ethical Companies, the Best Companies to Work for, and the Best Corporate Citizens. Our findings indicate that the higher the percentage of women on a company's board of directors, the more likely the company is to appear on these lists. We also found that the average percentage of women directors for the listed companies was significantly higher than the average percentage of women directors for the companies that did not appear on any of these lists over the period from 2006 through 2012. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Monitoring Structural Dynamics of In situ Spray‐Deposited Zinc Oxide Films for Application in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Sarkar Kuhu , Braden Erik V. , Pogorzalek Stefan , Yu Shun , Roth Stephan V. , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe spray‐deposition technique is an effective and scalable method to deposit zinc oxide nanostructures, which are used as active layers for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) in the present study. The dynamics of structural evolution are studied with grazing incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering during in situ spraying. Nanostructured films obtained through multiple spray shots provide suitable structural length scales, morphologies, and film thicknesses; this leads to reasonable performance in a DSSC with the highest short‐circuit current density reported so far.
Edge Radial Electric Field Formation after the L‐H Transition on JT‐60U
Authors: Kamiya K. , Matsunaga G. , Honda M. , Miyato N. , Urano H. , Kamada Y. , Ida K. , Itoh K. , the JT‐60 team  
Published: June 2014

AbstractSpatio‐temporal measurements of the impurity ion temperature, density, and rotation profiles around the plasma edge region have been made in the JT‐60U tokamak, allowing the determination of radial electric field, Er, with the key dimensionless parameter (poloidal Mach number, Upm) at the L‐H transition in a number of operational regimes. We found that there is variation in the L‐H transition in terms of its time‐scale; not only “hard” type transition with a faster time‐scale than that seen in the plasma transport (as represented by an energy confinement time, τE) as seen in the many conventional tokamaks, but also “soft” one with a slow time‐scale (≈τE) is possible solution, including a complex multi‐stage Er transition in the later H‐phase. The most important point is that the critical condition for the L‐H transition predicted by ion‐orbit loss model could be applicable only for “hard” transition (occurred at Upm ≥ 1), and not necessary for “slow” one (occurred even at Upm < 1). Characteristics of the turbulent density fluctuation with the frequency range of 100 kHz at the plasma edge region, in addition to a uniform toroidal MHD oscillation (i.e., n = 0), during ELM‐free H‐phase are also reported. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Scientific and Computational Challenges in Coupled Plasma Edge/Plasma‐Material Interactions for Fusion Tokamaks
Authors: Brooks J. N. , Hassanein A. , Koniges A. , Krstic P. S. , Rognlien T. D. , Sizyuk T. , Sizyuk V. , Stotler D. P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPlasma/material interactions is a critical scientific issue for fusion power, with major potential limitations on plasma core and edge operating parameters. Gaining understanding and predictive capability in this area will require simultaneously addressing complex and diverse physics occurring over a wide range of lengths (angstroms to meters) and times (femtoseconds to days). This requires further development and validation of detailed physics models and computational strategies at each of these scales. The overriding numerical need is for petascale real‐time coupling between 3‐D material response/evolution/trapping codes, plasma edge/SOL codes, and impurity transport codes. We discuss selected science and modeling/computational challenges in this area and our ideas for achieving these goals; this from the standpoint of our existing simulation codes. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
3D Properties of Edge Turbulent Transport in Full‐Torus Simulations and their Impact on Poloidal Asymmetries
Authors: Tamain P. , Bufferand H. , Ciraolo G. , Colin C. , Ghendrih Ph. , Schwander F. , Serre E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe 3D fluid turbulence code TOKAM3X is used to investigate the 3D properties of edge turbulent transport and their impact on poloidal asymmetries. Simulations are run in circular limited plasmas in a domain covering both closed and open flux surfaces. Turbulence characteristics exhibit large inhomogeneities both in the radial and poloidal directions reminiscent of experimental observations. The low field side mid‐plane in particular is found to be locally more fluctuating and intermittent than the rest of the Scrape‐Off‐Layer (SOL). As a consequence of this asymmetry, radial turbulent transport, that represents 80 to 90% of the total radial flux, is strongly ballooned, with 75% of the flux flowing through LFS. The equilibrium of the edge plasma is impacted by this asymmetry through the existence of large amplitude asymmetric parallel flows as well as through the development of poloidally asymmetric radial decay lengths making it impossible to define a single SOL width. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigation of Edge and SOL Particle Flux Patterns in High Density Regimes using SOLEDGE2D‐EIRENE Code
Authors: Ciraolo G. , Bufferand H. , Ghendrih Ph. , Tamain P. , Bucalossi J. , Marandet Y. , Serre E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present numerical simulations of plasma transport obtained with the SOLEDGE2D code coupled to the EIRENE Montecarlo code for neutrals. We consider a double null magnetic configuration in a WEST geometry. Density and temperatures parallel profiles in the SOL domain are presented as well as Mach profile. We detail how using the penalization technique we are able to model plasma transport up to the first wall having access to energy and particle fluxes on the entire chamber wall. Moreover, we present the computed 2D contour map of the plasma mach number and of the magnitude of the ionisation source term in the whole poloidal section, emphasizing how complex and realistic geometries can be handled thanks to the penalization technique. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Conversion of Magnetic Energy of Runaway Electrons During Disruption Termination
Authors: Igitkhanov Yu. L. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA substantial portion of poloidal magnetic energy stored in the RE beam could dissipate in the first wall (FW) armor due to ohmic dissipation of inductive current. Relatively small part of magnetic energy can also be converted into heat during a direct impact of the RE beam on the FW due to the ohmic dissipation of a return current, induced by penetration of the RE beam into a metal in the skin time scale. The observed increase of temperature at a spot on the JET dump plate upon increasing the RE current can be explained by assuming that 50 % of the RE energy, predominantly magnetic energy, is converted into heat. Calculations of the RE stopping power (SP) onto the ITER FW Be bulk armor predict strong erosion. While the threshold energy for beryllium melting is about 5 MJ/m2, the RE heat deposition is expected to be almost twice as large. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Limit on Reduction of the Power Load to Target Plates for DEMO Reactor
Authors: Stankiewicz R. , Stępniewski W. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe several Demo design concepts have been analyzed using the code Corediv solving self consistently the core and scrape off layer regions. The numerical analyses show that there exists the limit on the concentration of impurities above which the solution with burning plasma does not exists. This limits reduce the possibility of reduction of power loads to target plate. In the paper the admissible range of seeded impurity concentration introduced to reduce the power load to divertor plate is analyzed. The possible mechanisms leading to the limitation are shown. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)