bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gulf Coast Resilience Coalition: An Evolved Collaborative Built on Shared Disaster Experiences, Response, and Future Preparedness
Authors: Hansel Tonya Cross , Osofsky Howard J. , Langhinrichsen-Rohling Jennifer , Speier Anthony , Rehner Tim , Osofsky Joy D. , Rohrer Glenn 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveFor close to a decade, the Gulf Coast of the United States has been in almost constant disaster recovery mode, and a number of lessons have been learned concerning disaster recovery and behavioral health. The purpose of this report was to describe the natural development of a Gulf Coast Resilience Coalition (GCRC).MethodsThe GCRC methods began with state-specific recovery goals following Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and transitioned to a shared multistate and multidiscipline coalition. The coalition’s effectiveness is demonstrated through continuation, procurement of funding to provide response services, and increased membership to ensure sustainability.ResultsThe coalition has enhanced response, recovery, and resilience by providing strategic plans for dissemination of knowledge; post-disaster surveillance and services; effective relationships and communication with local, state, and regional partners; disaster response informed by past experience; a network of professionals and community residents; and the ability to improve access to and efficiency of future behavioral health coordination through an organized response.ConclusionsThe GCRC can not only improve readiness and response, but work toward a shared vision of improved overall mental and behavioral health and thus resilience, with beneficial implications for the Gulf South and other communities as well. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:657–665)
Contributions of Health Care Coalitions to Preparedness and Resilience: Perspectives From Hospital Preparedness Program and Health Care Preparedness Coalitions
Authors: Acosta Joie , Howard Stefanie , Chandra Anita , Varda Danielle , Sprong Sara , Uscher-Pines Lori 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe purpose of this article was to describe how the Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) and other health care coalitions conceptualize and measure progress or success and to identify strategies to improve coalition success and address known barriers to success.MethodsWe conducted a structured literature review and interviews with key leaders from 22 HPPs and other coalitions. Interview transcripts were analyzed by using constant comparative analysis.ResultsFive dimensions of coalition success were identified: strong member participation, diversity of members, positive changes in members’ capacity to respond to or recover from disaster, sharing of resources among members, and being perceived as a trendsetter. Common barriers to success were also identified (eg, a lack of funding and staff). To address these barriers, coalitions suggested a range of mitigation strategies (eg, establishing formal memoranda of agreement). Both dimensions of and barriers to coalition success varied by coalition type.ConclusionsCurrently, the term health care coalition is a one-size-fits-all term. In reality, this umbrella term describes a variety of different configurations, member bodies, and capabilities. The analysis offered a typology to categorize health care coalitions by primary function during a disaster response. Developing a common typology that could be used to specify capabilities or functions of coalitions may be helpful to advancing their development. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:690–697)
Paleocommunity Analysis of the Burgess Shale Tulip Beds, Mount Stephen, British Columbia: Comparison with the Walcott Quarry and Implications for Community Variation in the Burgess Shale
Authors: O’Brien Lorna J. , Caron Jean-Bernard 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe Tulip Beds locality on Mount Stephen (Yoho National Park, British Columbia) yields one of the most abundant and diverse (~10,000 specimens in 110 taxa) Burgess Shale fossil assemblages in the Canadian Rockies. Detailed semi quantitative and quantitative analyses of this assemblage suggest strong similarities with the Walcott Quarry on Fossil Ridge. Both assemblages are dominated by epibenthic, sessile, and suspension feeding taxa, mostly represented by arthropods and sponges and have comparable diversity patterns, despite sharing only about half the genera. However, the Tulip Beds has a higher relative abundance of suspension feeders and taxa of unknown affinity compared to the Walcott Quarry. These biotic variations are probably largely attributable to ecological and evolutionary differences between the two temporally distinct communities that adapted to similar, but not identical, environmental settings. For instance, the Tulip Beds is farther away from the Cathedral Escarpment than the Walcott Quarry. The Tulip Beds and Walcott Quarry assemblages are more similar to each other than either one is to the assemblages of the Chengjiang biota, although the relative diversity of major taxonomic groups and ecological patterns are similar in all assemblages. The conserved diversity patterns and ecological structures among sites suggest that the ecological composition of Cambrian Burgess Shale-type communities was relatively stable across wide geographic and temporal scales.
The Chiefs of Community Policing in Rural Sierra Leone
Authors: Albrecht Peter 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper argues that when police reform in Sierra Leone was instituted to consolidate a state system after the country's civil war ended in 2002, it reproduced a hybrid order instead that is embodied by Sierra Leone's primary local leaders: paramount and lesser chiefs. In this sense, policing has a distinctly political quality to it because those who enforce order also define what order is and determine access to resources. The hybrid authority of Sierra Leone's chiefs emanates from multiple state-based and localised sources simultaneously and comes into play as policing takes place and police reform moves forward. This argument is substantiated by an ethnographic exploration of how and with what implications community policing has been introduced in Peyima, a small town in Kono District, and focuses on one of its primary institutional expressions, Local Policing Partnership Boards.
Divergent subcortical activity for distinct executive functions: stopping and shifting in obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Morein-Zamir S. , Voon V. , Dodds C. M. , Sule A. , van Niekerk J. , Sahakian B. J. , Robbins T. W. 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundThere is evidence of executive function impairment in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) that potentially contributes to symptom development and maintenance. Nevertheless, the precise nature of these executive impairments and their neural basis remains to be defined.MethodWe compared stopping and shifting, two key executive functions previously implicated in OCD, in the same task using functional magnetic resonance imaging, in patients with virtually no co-morbidities and age-, verbal IQ- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. The combined task allowed direct comparison of neural activity in stopping and shifting independent of patient sample characteristics and state variables such as arousal, learning, or current symptom expression.ResultsBoth OCD patients and controls exhibited right inferior frontal cortex activation during stopping, and left inferior parietal cortex activation during shifting. However, widespread under-activation across frontal-parietal areas was found in OCD patients compared to controls for shifting but not stopping. Conservative, whole-brain analyses also indicated marked divergent abnormal activation in OCD in the caudate and thalamus for these two cognitive functions, with stopping-related over-activation contrasting with shift-related under-activation.ConclusionsOCD is associated with selective components of executive function, which engage similar common elements of cortico-striatal regions in different abnormal ways. The results implicate altered neural activation of subcortical origin in executive function abnormalities in OCD that are dependent on the precise cognitive and contextual requirements, informing current theories of symptom expression.
The Northern Territory: An Aboriginal View of the Past
Authors: Read P. , Read J. 
Published: November 2015

In 1975 we were preparing a source book of the Northern Territory for the Northern Territory Curriculum Branch. There was a thick book at the end of it, but it was evident to us that only one section of the population was represented. That was the European, and only the literate part of that. The Aboriginal view of the past was simply not available from history books, nor, except to Aboriginal children, from anywhere else. It was obvious, that to produce an Aboriginal history of the Territory, we would have to move from reading the written word to listening to the spoken.This was the task we set ourselves for 1977–78. Employed by the Curriculum Branch, and backed by the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, we would act as editors in the task of presenting an Aboriginal history of the Northern Territory to school children. All interviews and discussions would be taped, and cassettes made to go with each booklet of transcriptions and illustrations.Faced with an enormous amount of material, vast distances to cover, and not unlimited time, we decided, rather than produce a hotch-potch volume of what we had managed to record, to edit a series of shorter books on different themes. Some are on specific topics, like the Coniston massacre, or wartime recollections. Other topics are more general but no less interesting: how, when and why did Aboriginal people give up (or were forced to give up) traditional life; how they adapted to the European intrusion; why there has been a shift to out-stations and a preference for bicultural education?Obviously we have not been able to visit large areas of the Territory. We chose mostly to visit places where we already knew someone. Often this was the teacher, who would ask the community in advance if it were interested in taking part in the project. Almost everywhere, the older people were keen to tell stories of the early days, especially when they knew their words would be heard and read by children throughout the Territory. Generally the stories are no older than the third generation, and in English.
Aboriginal Studies Curriculum in South Australia
Authors: Craig D. 
Published: November 2015

In March 1977, an Aboriginal Studies Curriculum Committee was officially established by the South Australian Education Department. The committee has representatives from primary and secondary schools, colleges of advanced education, Aboriginal and Historic Relics Section of the Department of Environment, Libraries Branch, and Principal Education Officers. Although meetings of the full committee are held on a regualr basis to plan on-going tasks and to review material being produced, the main impetus comes from the five sub-committees that have been formed :-Primary sub-committeeSecondary sub-committeeIn-Service sub-committeeMaterials and resources review sub-committeeAboriginal liaison sub-committeeThe co-ordinators of the sub-committees also meet on a regular basis for planning and progress reporting so that the on-going program is continually under review and viable.
Getting Started on Myth…
Authors: Howard D. 
Published: November 2015

Myths express what is significant during man’s experience, and so communicate at a deeper level than other stories. They should never be treated as pre-scientific attempts to explain how things began. The creation of myths met a much more profound and basic need.In presenting myths to children, there are many methods that can be used. Rather than just presenting one or two myths and leaving it at that, significance is gained by presenting children with a collection of myths on one topic, for example, creation or fire, from a variety of places around the world. Children will find the values of literary objectives that the myths have in common. With guidance from the teacher, they will see that the myths are true to man’s experience.Programs should allow for as much involvement of the pupils as possible during their study of myths. Integration with as many subject disciplines as possible, particularly the expressive arts, should come naturally. This gives the pupils a chance to convey thoughts of what the myth tells them or their group. The working out of a ritual dance, the making of music to accompany it, the writing of poetry, and the numerous art activities can be effective ways of saying what cannot be expressed through ordinary language. It is man’s imagination that has to be stirred and not his rationality. The celebration and the performance of these student fashioned rituals are the culmination of this study and can impregnate a very deep unconscious movement in the performers and witnesses.
Our Culture Program
Authors: Bakamana  , Djuwandayngu  
Published: November 2015

This year in the post primary section of Yirrkala school my sister, Djuwandayngu and I have been teaching the students ways of understanding the two cultures; that is, the Balanda and the Yolngu ways. Our aim was to make the children aware of their culture and to give them a little bit of knowledge about the Balanda people who work closely with the Yolngu people.We started out by teaching about the kinships system; from there we built on all the important things in the Yolngu ways. This took in marriage system, relationships, clans and the most important one, land. Land, we felt, was the most important issue because it concerns Yolngu people throughout Australia. The children already know about the fight for land and about the people who are concerned with it. We told the children which land they belong to and why it is very important to their fathers and grandfathers and to them. We told them what sacred things made our land. Then after this we invited older men from the camps to tell them more stories about Yirrkala and our other lands. We talked about our land at the present. Why are we going back to our own countries and making outstations of our own? Where do we get the money for all the things we need like iron to build houses, pipes for water, windmills, pumps and so on?Not only did we teach about all the things that are mentioned above, but we also taught the children how to write in our own language, Gumatj, by using different activities to do with important Gumatj words.
Developing a Positive Teacher/Child Relationship in an Aboriginal Teaching Situation
Authors: Elphick J. 
Published: November 2015

I doubt that anyone would disagree with the need to establish a positive teacher/child relationship in any classroom situation. The fact is that most young children are expectant of this happening and are conditioned by their home environment and experience to relate to the school and the teacher. There is no doubt that this attitude tempers any sense of strangeness and assists in the development of a feeling of security so necessary to a successful school experience. Many of the steps taken to foster a positive relationship between teacher and pupils occur spontaneously and as a result of mutual interaction, on the basis of a common cultural background. In the case of Aboriginal children in a class situation, this common cultural background cannot be presumed to exist. Many aspects of the Aboriginal culture are vastly different from the European one, not the least of the differences being that the very concept of the school institution does not belong to the Aboriginal culture.Some understanding of the basic cultural differences is necessary to provide for the building up of a feeling of mutual trust and ease. Suggestions, hopefully of a practical nature, are offered to facilitate this most important aspect of a class teacher’s responsibilities, for without it, I am convinced little meaningful learning will occur.
A Search for Relevance in Transition from Post-Primary to Secondary
Authors: Kelly S. , O’Brien M. 
Published: November 2015

At St Therese’s Girls School, we have initiated what we believe to be a more meaningful and more relevant utilization of our resources in producing a secondary program that is more appropriate to the needs of our students.During 1980, the program was organized in a similar manner to previous years. Each grade – eight, nine and ten – was in the charge of grade teachers. We were fortunate in having a specialist art teacher, but basically the Post Primary section was organized in the typical primary style.After much consideration, in 1981, we decided to try a different approach. We were prepared to do some experimenting but we were not prepared to upset our students with too much unjustified change. We spent considerable time in consultation with our Tiwi staff members. We wanted to use the resources of both our European-Australian and Tiwi staff members far more effectively. Also we wanted to provide a program that would cater for the needs of our students in a far more meaningful way. We didn’t feel that we were meeting these objectives with our past mode of organization. Previously our two Tiwi teachers were acting in the capacity of mere teacher aides without any real responsibility. We knew that they had far more to offer and that our Tiwi students had far more to gain by their effective participation in the program.
Aboriginal Studies in Mount Isa: The Kalkadoon Cultural and Locality Education Group
Authors: Nutley D. 
Published: November 2015

Just occasionally you hear of a really exciting project being undertaken. The Kalkadoon Cultural and Locality Education Group is one such project.The highly enthusiastic and motivated team has been unearthing and collecting a wealth of information which they are feeding back into both primary and secondary classes around Mount Isa. At present they are working under the limitations of a Schools Commission Special Projects Program grant, with no guarantee of continued funding once the initial grant is spent.Too often, due to lack of resources and/or interest, Aboriginal studies in Queensland schools is merely a superficial glance at what is a culturally rich, diverse and many faceted society. The booklet Aboriginal Studies in Queensland Schools, developed by the Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Consultative Committee, and published by the Education Department, is too often gathering dust in some obscure corner of the school both unknown and unused by most of the staff.Hopefully, the Kalkadoon Cultural and Locality Education Group will receive the kind of support that will enable their project to become an integral and continuing part of the schools in Mount Isa. To provide a better picture of the activities of this group I have reprinted two articles. The first is part of a press release by Sunset State School in the North-West Star, Wednesday, 11th March, 1981.
Modelling considerations in the analysis of associations between antimicrobial use and resistance in beef feedlot cattle
Authors: NOYES N. R. , BENEDICT K. M. , GOW S. P. , WALDNER C. L. , REID-SMITH R. J. , BOOKER C. W. , McALLISTER T. A. , MORLEY P. S. 
Published: November 2015

SUMMARYA number of sophisticated modelling approaches are available to investigate potential associations between antimicrobial use (AMU) and resistance (AMR) in animal health settings. All have their advantages and disadvantages, making it unclear as to which model is most appropriate. We used advanced regression modelling to investigate AMU-AMR associations in faecal non-type-specificEscherichia coli(NTSEC) isolates recovered from 275 pens of feedlot cattle. Ten modelling strategies were employed to investigate AMU associations with resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline and streptomycin. Goodness-of-fit statistics did not show a consistent advantage for any one model type. Three AMU-AMR associations were significant in all models. Recent parenteral tetracycline use increased the odds of finding tetracycline-resistant NTSEC [odds ratios (OR) 1·1–3·2]; recent parenteral sulfonamide use increased the odds of finding sulfisoxazole-resistant NTSEC (OR 1·4–2·5); and recent parenteral macrolide use decreased the odds of recovering ampicillin-resistant NTSEC (OR 0·03–0·2). Other results varied markedly depending on the modelling approach, emphasizing the importance of exploring and reporting multiple modelling methods based on a balanced consideration of important factors such as study design, mathematical appropriateness, research question and target audience.
A multilevel prediction of physiological response to challenge: Interactions among child maltreatment, neighborhood crime, endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (eNOS), and GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-6 gene (GABRA6)
Authors: Lynch Michael , Manly Jody Todd , Cicchetti Dante 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPhysiological response to stress has been linked to a variety of healthy and pathological conditions. The current study conducted a multilevel examination of interactions among environmental toxins (i.e., neighborhood crime and child maltreatment) and specific genetic polymorphisms of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (eNOS) and GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-6 gene (GABRA6). One hundred eighty-six children were recruited at age 4. The presence or absence of child maltreatment as well as the amount of crime that occurred in their neighborhood during the previous year were determined at that time. At age 9, the children were brought to the lab, where their physiological response to a cognitive challenge (i.e., change in the amplitude of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia) was assessed and DNA samples were collected for subsequent genotyping. The results confirmed that complex Gene × Gene, Environment × Environment, and Gene × Environment interactions were associated with different patterns of respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity. The implications for future research and evidence-based intervention are discussed.
The effect of intrinsic crumpling on the mechanics of free-standing graphene
Authors: Nicholl Ryan J.T. , Conley Hiram J. , Lavrik Nickolay V. , Vlassiouk Ivan , Puzyrev Yevgeniy S. , Sreenivas Vijayashree Parsi , Pantelides Sokrates T. , Bolotin Kirill I. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractFree-standing graphene is inherently crumpled in the out-of-plane direction due to dynamic flexural phonons and static wrinkling. We explore the consequences of this crumpling on the effective mechanical constants of graphene. We develop a sensitive experimental approach to probe stretching of graphene membranes under low applied stress at cryogenic to room temperatures. We find that the in-plane stiffness of graphene is 20–100 N m−1 at room temperature, much smaller than 340 N m−1 (the value expected for flat graphene). Moreover, while the in-plane stiffness only increases moderately when the devices are cooled down to 10 K, it approaches 300 N m−1 when the aspect ratio of graphene membranes is increased. These results indicate that softening of graphene at temperatures <400 K is caused by static wrinkling, with only a small contribution due to flexural phonons. Together, these results explain the large variation in reported mechanical constants of graphene devices and pave the way towards controlling their mechanical properties.