bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Origin of Some ‘Recent’ Craters on the Canadian Shield
Authors: CURRIE K. L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe four craters, New Quebec, Clearwater Lakes (two craters) and Manicouagan are compared. New Quebec shows evidence of slow uplift accompanied by hydrothermal activity, possibly culminating in a minor volcanic outburst. Clearwater East is interpreted as the result of regional uplift followed by local collapse. Clearwater West shows similar features accompanied by a central peak and considerable volcanism. The latter two features are believed to be related. Manicouagan has a well developed central peak and an extensive volcanic pile. The characteristic cycle; upwarp, collapse, volcanism is beautifully shown. None of these craters can be explained either by ‘classical’ impact theory, or by analogy with known volcanic areas. New ideas are needed.
The Spectra of Faint Perseids
Authors: RUSSELL JOHN A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn the course of the 1961 Perseid shower, ten faint spectra were obtained with one spectrograph. The spectra can be classified into four groups, which form a continuous sequence. The forbidden green line of neutral oxygen at 5577A is visible in the two brightest spectral classes, but appears weaker in the spectrum showing the H and K lines of ionized calcium than it does in those that do not. The green line appears to be relatively stronger in the spectra of faint meteors. An attempt is made to explain some aspects of green line behaviour with the aid of the Whipple comet model.
Daniel Moreau Barringer (1860 – 1929) and His Crater
Authors: BARRINGER BRANDON 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis is the story, mainly verified from contemporary documents, of the first recognition of the origin of a meteoritic crater. It sketches the subject's life and character, boyhood, young manhood and personality, and also mentions other mining ventures. It tells of the acquisition and exploration of Meteor (Barringer) Crater, the contributions of his associates, and the lengthy resultant scientific controversies.
Recent Advances in Meteorite Crater Research at the Dominion Observatory, Ottawa, Canada
Authors: INNES M. J. S. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe Dominion Observatory's meteorite crater research program is reviewed, with brief outlines of the methods of investigation, the progress to date, and plans for the future. The results and implications of recent investigations at the Deep Bay crater, the New Quebec crater and the Carswell Lake structure are presented.At Deep Bay diamond drilling near its center has confirmed that Cretaceous sedimentary rock lies within the crater, indicating a minimum crater age of 140 million years. Analysis of deformed rock and gneiss breccia encountered in a drill hole one mile from shore suggests that the original crater diameter is about 31,000 feet, considerably less than first estimated.Preliminary results of a gravity survey and a new shaded topographical map of the New Quebec Crater are presented. After correcting for terrain and regional effects a residual negative gravity anomaly of 6 milligals is indicated. Integration of topographical irregularities shows that the volume of the rim of the New Quebec Crater is about double the volume of the crater below the surrounding plain.Gravity and magnetic results over the Carswell Lake structure are consistent with an impact crater some 19 miles in diameter, taking into consideration that its original deformed floor has been uplifted in response to isostatic forces. Fragments of gneiss having radiating strations characteristic of shatter cones, discovered in the area of central uplift, support the meteoritic hypothesis of origin for this structure.
A Comparative Structural and Petrographic Study of Probable Canadian Meteorite Craters
Authors: DENCE M. R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe characteristics investigated to date of ten circular structures in the Canadian Shield have supported their origin by meteoritic impact.Seven, ranging in diameter from 3 to 20 km, have a simple crater form modified by erosion. The underlying rocks have properties where known, which include:
Low density.
Low, uniform magnetic intensity.
Fracturing, alteration and deformation of the regional gneisses intensifying towards the center with the development of a coarse, essentially monomict, autochthonous breccia.
Overlying of the latter within the crater by highly mixed, partly vitrified allochthonous breccia. This layer has coalesced and largely recrystallized to a lava‐like matrix in the larger craters.
Unrecrystallized fragments in all the breccias showing textures comparable with artificially produced shock metamorphism.
The three largest craters (30 km diameter) show a first order modification of the simple crater form due to a central uplift of the basement gneisses. The properties outlined above are found in the annulus surrounding the central uplift. Gneisses in the latter decrease in megascopic deformation towards the center but show evidence microscopically of shock deformation. Examples of this family of common characteristics are mainly drawn from Brent (4 km diameter) and the two Clearwater Lake craters (20 and 32 km).
Electromagnetic Effects Associated with the San Francisco Fireball of November 7, 1963
Authors: LAMAR DONALD L. , ROMIG MARY F. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAt approximately 6:09 P.M. on November 7, 1963 a fireball passed over the San Francisco Bay area and exploded over the Pacific Ocean. News broadcasts the following morning reported that power failure and radio interference occurred at the time the fireball passed. Investigation revealed that the radio interference was not caused by the fireball but by a coincidental equipment malfunction within the radio station. Less complete data on the power failures suggests that they, too, were coincidental and unrelated to the fireball. Reports on the fireball were received from 65 individuals. Three reports of anomalous sounds are unconvincing.
Roter Kamm, Southwest Africa: Probable Meteorite Crater
Authors: DIETZ ROBERT S. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe Roter Kamm Crater in Southwest Africa is a highly probable meteorite impact crater of some antiquity. It is about 1.5 miles across, making it the third‐largest young probable meteorite crater in the world. Roter Kamm has a presumably thick desert‐sand fill. It is now 400 feet deep below its rim and 100 feet deep below the regional Archean terrane. The high circularity, regional uniqueness and other aspects all point to a meteoritic origin.
Advances in Meteoritics in Western Australia
Authors: McCALL G.J. H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe fall of a stony meteorite in the State late in 1960, and its subsequent discovery in 1961, stimulated interest in meteoritics in this area. An advisory committee was set up to advise the trustees of the Museum of Western Australia on the valuable collections already held, and to encourage further discoveries. The results of this action have become evident in several important discoveries.
The Unusual Structure of the Oxidized Siderite, Pierceville #2
Authors: HUSS GLENN I. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA 17 pound fragment of the Pierceville #2, Kansas, oxidized siderite, when sectioned, displayed an unusual structure. Three‐fourths of the mass exhibited medium oxahedral, the remaining one‐fourth, hexahedral crystallization. The two dissimilar crystallization patterns (and by inference, dissimilar chemical compositions) existing within the same mass were separated one from the other by borders of schreibersite which surrounded the hexahedral areas. Implications of the existence of such diverse supra‐crystalline structure in relation to currently listed multiple falls of iron meteorites are noted. Further investigation is indicated.
Altered neurochemical profile in the McGill‐R‐Thy1‐APP rat model of Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal in vivo1H MRS study
Authors: Nilsen Linn H. , Melø Torun M. , Sæther Oddbjørn , Witter Menno P. , Sonnewald Ursula 
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe investigated metabolite levels during the progression of pathology in McGill‐R‐Thy1‐APP rats, a transgenic animal model of Alzheimer's disease, and in healthy age‐matched controls. Rats were subjected to in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the dorsal hippocampus at age 3, 9 and 12 months and of frontal cortex at 9 and 12 months. At 3 months, a stage in which only Aβ oligomers are present, lower glutamate, myo‐inositol and total choline content were apparent in McGill‐R‐Thy1‐APP rats. At age 9 months, lower levels of glutamate, GABA, N‐acetylaspartate and total choline and elevated myo‐inositol and taurine were found in dorsal hippocampus, whereas lower levels of glutamate, GABA, glutamine and N‐acetylaspartate were found in frontal cortex. At age 12 months, only the taurine level was significantly different in dorsal hippocampus, whereas taurine, myo‐inositol, N‐acetylaspartate and total creatine levels were significantly higher in frontal cortex. McGill‐R‐Thy1‐APP rats did not show the same changes in metabolite levels with age as displayed in the controls, and overall, prominent and complex metabolite differences were evident in this transgenic rat model of Alzheimer's disease. The findings also demonstrate that in vivo 1H MRS is a powerful tool to investigate disease‐related metabolite changes in the brain.
Association between self‐assessment of complete dentures and oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Komagamine Y. , Kanazawa M. , Kaiba Y. , Sato Y. , Minakuchi S. , Sasaki Y. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to determine which factors related to patient self‐assessment of dentures are associated with changes in oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) among edentulous patients after replacement of complete dentures, and to determine whether masticatory performance as determined using an objective method affects the changes in OHRQoL among edentulous patients. As a preliminary study, the existing questionnaire regarding self‐assessment of dentures consisting of 39 question items, measured with a 100‐mm visual analogue scale, was analysed by factor analysis. Then a questionnaire, composed of 22 question items, was developed containing six subscales of ‘function’, ‘lower denture’, ‘upper denture’, ‘expectation’, ‘aesthetic and speech’ and ‘importance’. Final participants in the present study comprised 93 edentulous patients requiring new conventional complete dentures (44 men, 49 women; mean age, 75·0 years). These patients were asked to complete the Japanese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)‐EDENT, comprising 19 question items for assessment of OHRQoL in edentulous patients, along with the developed questionnaire regarding self‐assessment of dentures. Moreover, masticatory performance was measured using a colour‐changeable chewing gum. The questionnaire and measurement were completed twice; before and after replacement of complete dentures. Stepwise multiple regression analysis identified ‘lower denture’ and ‘aesthetic and speech’ as significant independent variables besides OHIP‐EDENT scores before replacement. These results suggest that sufficient retention of lower dentures and appropriate appearance may lead to improved OHRQoL in edentulous patients.
Colonic mucosal mediators from patients with irritable bowel syndrome excite enteric cholinergic motor neurons
Authors: Balestra B. , Vicini R. , Cremon C. , Zecchi L. , Dothel G. , Vasina V. , De Giorgio R. , Paccapelo A. , Pastoris O. , Stanghellini V. , Corinaldesi R. , De Ponti F. , Tonini M. , Barbara G. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground  Mediators released in the mucosal milieu have been suggested to be involved in visceral hypersensitivity and abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, their impact on myenteric neurons remains unsettled.Methods  Mucosal biopsies were obtained from the descending colon of patients with IBS and controls. Mucosal mast cells were identified immunohistochemically. The impact of spontaneously released mucosal mediators on guinea pig electrically stimulated longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (LMMP) preparations was assessed in vitro by means of selective receptor antagonists and inhibitors.Key Results  Patients with IBS showed an increased mast cell count compared with controls. Application of mucosal mediators of IBS to LMMPs potentiated cholinergic twitch contractions, an effect directly correlated with mast cell counts. Enhanced contractions were inhibited by 50.3% with the prostaglandin D2 antagonist BW A868C, by 31.3% and 39% with the TRPV1 antagonists capsazepine and HC‐030031, respectively, and by 60.5% with purinergic P2X antagonist pyridoxalphosphate‐6‐azophenyl‐2′,4′‐disulfonic acid. Conversely, the serotonin1‐4, histamine1‐3, tachykinin1‐3 receptor blockade, and serine protease inhibition had no significant effect.Conclusions & Inferences  Colonic mucosal mediators from patients with IBS excite myenteric cholinergic motor neurons. These effects were correlated with mast cell counts and mediated by activation of prostanoid receptors, TRPV1, and P2X receptors. These results support the role of mucosal inflammatory mediators and mast cell activation in altered motor function of IBS.
Nutrient intake in patients with irritable bowel syndrome compared with the general population
Authors: Böhn L. , Störsrud S. , Simrén M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground Food and diet are central issues that concern patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Few studies have thoroughly analyzed dietary intake in IBS. Our aims were to determine the nutrient intake in IBS patients in comparison to the general population, assess nutritional differences between IBS subgroups based on the predominant bowel habit or symptom severity, as well as to evaluate if their nutrient intake meet nutrition recommendations.Methods We included 187 IBS patients (mean 40.2 years; 139 women). They completed a 4‐days food registration record, which was compared with an age‐, and gender‐matched control group (n = 374; 278 women) from a nation‐wide dietary survey and with Nordic Nutrient Recommendations.Key Results Daily nutrient intake in IBS patients was similar to the general population and met national nutrients recommendations. Irritable bowel syndrome patients had similar energy distribution from macronutrients compared to the control group, but the protein percentage tended to be higher. Irritable bowel syndrome patients also had significantly higher daily intake of vitamin E, folate, iron, vitamin C, and dietary fibers, as well as lower intake of vitamin A, riboflavin, calcium, and potassium. There was no association between nutrient intake and IBS subtypes or symptom severity.Conclusions & Inferences Although many IBS patients state that they avoid food items, this does not seem to influence their intake of nutrients to any large extent. The observed minor differences in nutrient intake indicate a tendency toward higher intake of fruit and vegetables and a lower intake of meat and dairy products in IBS patients.
Involvement of thioredoxin y2 in the preservation of leaf methionine sulfoxide reductase capacity and growth under high light
Authors: LAUGIER EDITH , TARRAGO LIONEL , COURTEILLE AGATHE , INNOCENTI GILLES , EYMERY FRANÇOISE , RUMEAU DOMINIQUE , ISSAKIDIS‐BOURGUET EMMANUELLE , REY PASCAL 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTMethionine (Met) in proteins can be oxidized to two diastereoisomers of methionine sulfoxide, Met‐S‐O and Met‐R‐O, which are reduced back to Met by two types of methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs), A and B, respectively. MSRs are generally supplied with reducing power by thioredoxins. Plants are characterized by a large number of thioredoxin isoforms, but those providing electrons to MSRs in vivo are not known. Three MSR isoforms, MSRA4, MSRB1 and MSRB2, are present in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts. Under conditions of high light and long photoperiod, plants knockdown for each plastidial MSR type or for both display reduced growth. In contrast, overexpression of plastidial MSRBs is not associated with beneficial effects in terms of growth under high light. To identify the physiological reductants for plastidial MSRs, we analyzed a series of mutants deficient for thioredoxins f, m, x or y. We show that mutant lines lacking both thioredoxins y1 and y2 or only thioredoxin y2 specifically display a significantly reduced leaf MSR capacity (–25%) and growth characteristics under high light, related to those of plants lacking plastidial MSRs. We propose that thioredoxin y2 plays a physiological function in protein repair mechanisms as an electron donor to plastidial MSRs in photosynthetic organs.
Chloroplast ultrastructure regeneration with protection of photosystem II is responsible for the functional ‘stay‐green’ trait in wheat
Authors: LUO P. G. , DENG K. J. , HU X. Y. , LI L. Q. , LI X. , CHEN J. B. , ZHANG H. Y. , TANG Z. X. , ZHANG Y. , SUN Q. X. , TAN F. Q. , REN Z. L. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTCN17 is a functional stay‐green wheat variety that exhibits delayed leaf senescence and enhanced photosynthetic competence. To better understand these valuable traits, levels of chlorophyllaandb, soluble proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, and other components of CN17 were assayed. In addition, chloroplast ultrastructure, chloroplast number, and differences in gene expression between CN17 and a control variety, MY11, were examined. By 21 d post‐anthesis (DPA), CN17 leaves exhibited a significantly higher maximal photochemical efficiency for photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm) and a significantly higher efficiency of excitation capture by open PSII reaction centres (Fv′/Fm′). In addition, chlorophyll degradation in CN17 was delayed by approximately 14 d, and was not blocked as observed in cosmetic stay‐green phenotypes. The soluble protein content (Ps) of CN17 was higher than MY11 at all timepoints assayed, and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids was significantly higher. CN17 also exhibited isolated granal lamellae associated with vesicles and diminished peroxidation, and between 35 and 42 DPA, a sharp decrease in chloroplast number was detected. Taken together, these results strongly support the hypothesis that chloroplast ultrastructure regeneration is responsible for the functional stay‐green trait of CN17, and gene expression data provide insight into the mechanistic details.
A non‐collisional, accretionary Sveconorwegian orogen
Authors: Slagstad Trond , Roberts Nick M. W. , Marker Mogens , Røhr Torkil S. , Schiellerup Henrik 
Published: September 2012

Terra Nova, 25, 30–37, 2013AbstractThe late Mesoproterozoic Sveconorwegian orogen in southwest Baltica is traditionally interpreted as the eastward continuation of the Grenville orogen in Canada, resulting from collision with Amazonia, forming a central part in the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent. We challenge this conventional view based on results from recent work in southwest Norway demonstrating voluminous subduction‐related magmatism in the period 1050–1020 Ma, followed by geographically restricted high‐T/medium‐P metamorphism between 1035 and 970 Ma, succeeded by ferroan magmatism over large parts of south Norway in the period 990–920 Ma. This magmatic and metamorphic evolution may be better understood as reflecting a long‐lived accretionary margin, undergoing periodic compression and extension, than continent–continent collision. This study has implications for Grenville–Sveconorwegian correlations, comparisons with modern continental margins, Rodinia reconstructions and how we recognize geodynamic settings in ancient orogens.
Late primary cytomegalovirus infection presenting with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in a heart transplant recipient: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Hodowanec A.C. , Simon D.M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is well recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality in heart transplant recipients. Primary CMV infection can occur early post transplant in at‐risk recipients with donor‐derived infection, or any time after transplantation in community‐acquired infection. We describe a unique case of primary CMV infection occurring 14 years after cardiac transplantation. In addition to end‐organ CMV disease, this patient developed a post‐infectious neurologic phenomenon, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. This entity has rarely been reported in the solid organ transplant population.
Molecular Epidemiology of Bat Lyssaviruses in Europe
Authors: McElhinney L. M. , Marston D. A. , Leech S. , Freuling C. M. , van der Poel W. H. M. , Echevarria J. , Vázquez‐Moron S. , Horton D. L. , Müller T. , Fooks A. R. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryBat rabies cases in Europe are principally attributed to two lyssaviruses, namely European bat lyssavirus type 1 (EBLV‐1) and European bat lyssavirus type 2 (EBLV‐2). Between 1977 and 2011, 961 cases of bat rabies were reported to Rabies Bulletin Europe, with the vast majority (>97%) being attributed to EBLV‐1. There have been 25 suspected cases of EBLV‐2, of which 22 have been confirmed. In addition, two single isolations of unique lyssaviruses from European insectivorous bats were reported in south‐west Russia in 2002 (West Caucasian bat virus) and in Germany in 2010 (Bokeloh bat lyssavirus). In this review, we present phylogenetic analyses of the EBLV‐1 and EBLV‐2 using partial nucleoprotein (N) gene sequences. In particular, we have analysed all EBLV‐2 cases for which viral sequences (N gene, 400 nucleotides) are available (n = 21). Oropharyngeal swabs collected from two healthy Myotis daubentonii during active surveillance programmes in Scotland and Switzerland also yielded viral RNA (EBLV‐2). Despite the relatively low number of EBLV‐2 cases, a surprisingly large amount of anomalous data has been published in the scientific literature and Genbank, which we have collated and clarified. For both viruses, geographical relationships are clearly defined on the phylogenetic analysis. Whilst there is no clear chronological clustering for either virus, there is some evidence for host specific relationships, particularly for EBLV‐1 where more host variation has been observed. Further genomic regions must be studied, in particular for EBLV‐1 isolates from Spain and the EBLV‐2 isolates to provide support for the existence of sublineages.