bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spotting psychopaths using technology
Authors: Hulbert Sarah , Adeli Hojjat 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFor the past three and a half decades, the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) and the self-report Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) have been the standard measures for the diagnosis of psychopathy. Technological approaches can enhance these diagnostic methodologies. The purpose of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art review of various technological approaches for spotting psychopathy, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and other measures. Results of EEG event-related potential (ERP) experiments support the theory that impaired amygdala function may be responsible for abnormal fear processing in psychopathy, which can ultimately manifest as psychopathic traits, as outlined by the PCL-R or PPI-R. Imaging studies, in general, point to reduced fear processing capabilities in psychopathic individuals. While the human element, introduced through researcher/participant interactions, can be argued as unequivocally necessary for diagnosis, these purely objective technological approaches have proven to be useful in conjunction with the subjective interviewing and questionnaire methods for differentiating psychopaths from non-psychopaths. Furthermore, these technologies are more robust than behavioral measures, which have been shown to fail.
The Utility of Glycated Hemoglobin, Determined in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy, in Diagnosing Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Vereș Monica , Crăiuț Doru Ioan , Trutz Johann , Babeș Aurel 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background and Aims: Gestational diabetes (GD) identifies a pregnancy with high obstetrical risk due to the possible complications that may appear and which are associated with significant perinatal mortality and morbidity. The role of HbA1c in diagnosing GD is still debatable. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical utility of HbA1c assessed in the second trimester of pregnancy (before performing the oral glucose tolerance test - OGTT) in establishing the macrosomia risk, and also for diagnosing GD. Material and methods: This was an observational study on a group of 165 pregnant women followed from the first trimester of pregnancy in whom we measured HbA1c in the second trimester, before running an OGTT with 100 grams of glucose and who delivered at term (37 - 41 weeks of pregnancy). Finally, HbA1c and OGTT were performed only in 132 women, these being the subjects of our study. Results: The average value of HbA1c was 4.85±1.23%. HbA1c was higher in the group having gestational diabetes (6.58±0.74%) in comparison to the group not having GD (4.52±0,80%). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for HbA1c determined in the second trimester, for diagnosis of GD, has an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.939. Conclusions: HbA1c value could be considered as a sensitive and specific predictive factor in appreciating the macrosomia risk and could be set as an extra criterion in GD diagnosis.
The Influence of Goat Milk and Soybean Milk Kefir On IL-6 and Crp Levels in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Sunarti  , Nurliyani  , Tyas Agatha Swasti Ayuning , Kristian Scolastika Dita , Prasetyastuti  
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background and Aims: Hyperglycemia increases inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Goat and soybean milks have been known to reduce inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of goat milk and soybean milk kefir on IL-6 and CRP levels in diabetic rats. Materials and Method: A total of 25 male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: 1) normal rats; 2) diabetic rats; 3) diabetic rats with intake of goat milk kefir; 4) diabetic rats with intake of soybean milk kefir; and 5) diabetic rats with combination of both types of kefir. Before kefir administration for 4 weeks, plasma glucose was measured. After treatment, plasma glucose, CRP and IL-6 levels were assessed. Results: There was a significant decline of plasma glucose in diabetic rats with goat milk kefir (p=0.021), and in diabetic rats with the combination of both goat milk and soybean milk kefir (p<0.001). After treatment, CRP level in diabetic rats was significantly higher when compared with those that had goat milk kefir (p=0.043). All of diabetic rats with kefir had IL-6 values significantly lower than diabetic rats without it (p=0.021). Conclusion: Both goat milk and soybean milk kefir can reduce IL-6 level, but only goat milk kefir can reduce CRP in diabetic rats.
Blood Pressure Variability and Risk for Progression of Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zaharie Sorin Ioan , Maria Teodora Daniela , Zaharie Mirela , Moţa Maria , Moţa Eugen 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) and evaluation of global cardiovascular risk is crucial for diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive patients. When hypertension and diabetes mellitus are associated, the risk for cardiovascular events is bigger than the sum of the components. Beyond systolic and diastolic BP values as targets for antihypertensive treatment, recent guidelines recognize BP variability as an independent predictor for future cardiovascular events. 24 hours ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and home BP monitoring (HBPM) are two methods used in patient day to day life conditions for BP measurements. Increased variability of systolic and/or diastolic BP within one day (“short-term BP variability”) and also over longer periods (“long-term BP variability”) showed by ABPM and/or HBPM is associated with target-organ damage and cardiovascular events. This review is focused on the prognostic importance of BP variability in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus.
Hyperthyroidism is associated with work disability and loss of labour market income. A Danish register-based study in singletons and disease-discordant twin pairs
Authors: Brandt Frans , Thvilum Marianne , Hegedüs Laszlo , Brix Thomas Heiberg 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo examine the risk of disability pension and changes in labour market income in patients with hyperthyroidism.MethodsFrom a 5% random sample of the Danish population and twins from the Danish Twin Registry we identified 1942 hyperthyroid singletons and 7768 non-hyperthyroid (matched 1:4) controls as well as 584 same-sex twin pairs discordant for hyperthyroidism. Singletons and twins were followed for a mean of 9 years (range 1–20). Cox regression analysis was used to examine the risk of disability pension and a difference-in-differences model was used to evaluate changes in labour market income.ResultsHyperthyroid individuals had an increased risk of receiving disability pension: hazard ratio (HR) was 1.88, (95% CI: 1.57–2.24). Subdividing as to the cause of hyperthyroidism did not change this finding: Graves’ disease (GD) HR was 1.51 (95% CI: 0.87–2.63) and toxic nodular goitre (TNG) HR was 2.10 (95% CI: 1.02–4.36). With respect to labour market income, the income of hyperthyroid individuals increased on average 1189 € less than their controls (P<0.001). This difference in income was more pronounced in GD (2539 €) than in TNG (132 €). Essentially similar results, with respect to disability pension and labour market income, were seen within monozygotic twin pairs discordant for hyperthyroidism.ConclusionHyperthyroidism is associated with severe work disability as reflected by an 88% increased risk of receiving disability pension and a significant loss of labour market income. Similar results in monozygotic twins discordant for hyperthyroidism suggest that genetic confounding is unlikely.
De Novo Assembly and Characterization of Four Anthozoan (Phylum Cnidaria) Transcriptomes
Authors: Kitchen Sheila A , Crowder Camerron M , Poole Angela Z , Weis Virginia M , Meyer Eli 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Many nonmodel species exemplify important biological questions but lack the sequence resources required to study the genes and genomic regions underlying traits of interest. Reef-building corals are famously sensitive to rising seawater temperatures, motivating ongoing research into their stress responses and long-term prospects in a changing climate. A comprehensive understanding of these processes will require extending beyond the sequenced coral genome (Acropora digitifera) to encompass diverse coral species and related anthozoans. Toward that end, we have assembled and annotated reference transcriptomes to develop catalogs of gene sequences for three scleractinian corals (Fungia scutaria, Montastraea cavernosa, Seriatopora hystrix) and a temperate anemone (Anthopleura elegantissima). High-throughput sequencing of cDNA libraries produced ∼20–30 million reads per sample, and de novo assembly of these reads produced ∼75,000–110,000 transcripts from each sample with size distributions (mean ∼1.4 kb, N50 ∼2 kb), comparable to the distribution of gene models from the coral genome (mean ∼1.7 kb, N50 ∼2.2 kb). Each assembly includes matches for more than half the gene models from A. digitifera (54–67%) and many reasonably complete transcripts (∼5300–6700) spanning nearly the entire gene (ortholog hit ratios ≥0.75). The catalogs of gene sequences developed in this study made it possible to identify hundreds to thousands of orthologs across diverse scleractinian species and related taxa. We used these sequences for phylogenetic inference, recovering known relationships and demonstrating superior performance over phylogenetic trees constructed using single mitochondrial loci. The resources developed in this study provide gene sequences and genetic markers for several anthozoan species. To enhance the utility of these resources for the research community, we developed searchable databases enabling researchers to rapidly recover sequences for genes of interest. Our analysis of de novo assembly quality highlights metrics that we expect will be useful for evaluating the relative quality of other de novo transcriptome assemblies. The identification of orthologous sequences and phylogenetic reconstruction demonstrates the feasibility of these methods for clarifying the substantial uncertainties in the existing scleractinian phylogeny.
LinkImpute: Fast and Accurate Genotype Imputation for Nonmodel Organisms
Authors: Money Daniel , Gardner Kyle , Migicovsky Zoë , Schwaninger Heidi , Zhong Gan-Yuan , Myles Sean 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Obtaining genome-wide genotype data from a set of individuals is the first step in many genomic studies, including genome-wide association and genomic selection. All genotyping methods suffer from some level of missing data, and genotype imputation can be used to fill in the missing data and improve the power of downstream analyses. Model organisms like human and cattle benefit from high-quality reference genomes and panels of reference genotypes that aid in imputation accuracy. In nonmodel organisms, however, genetic and physical maps often are either of poor quality or are completely absent, and there are no panels of reference genotypes available. There is therefore a need for imputation methods designed specifically for nonmodel organisms in which genomic resources are poorly developed and marker order is unreliable or unknown. Here we introduce LinkImpute, a software package based on a k-nearest neighbor genotype imputation method, LD-kNNi, which is designed for unordered markers. No physical or genetic maps are required, and it is designed to work on unphased genotype data from heterozygous species. It exploits the fact that markers useful for imputation often are not physically close to the missing genotype but rather distributed throughout the genome. Using genotyping-by-sequencing data from diverse and heterozygous accessions of apples, grapes, and maize, we compare LD-kNNi with several genotype imputation methods and show that LD-kNNi is fast, comparable in accuracy to the best-existing methods, and exhibits the least bias in allele frequency estimates.
Anastasia Candre Yamacuri: cantora de vida, mujer de palabra
Authors: Rocha Vivas Miguel 
Published: September 2015

<p>En estas palabras en homenaje a Anastasia Candre, se evocan experiencias del autor en eventos culturales y académicos, en los que Anastasia transmitía los valores de su pueblo (canto, baile) a través de su creación poética y artística. </p>
Anastasia Candre... tɨinide, fia jagɨyɨna ite: No muere, perdurará como el viento
Authors: Tobón Marco Alejandro 
Published: September 2015

<p>Homenaje a Anastasia Candre. El autor recuerda algunas anécdotas de la experiencia de Anastasia en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y en Leticia. </p>
Population-Based Study of Prevalence of Cleft Lip/Palate in Southern Thailand
Authors: Jaruratanasirikul Somchit , Chicharoen Vichai , Chakranon Manunya , Sriplung Hutcha , Limpitikul Wannee , Dissaneevate Pathikan , Intharasangkanawin Nitthakarn , Tantichantakarun Pongsak , Sattapanyo Atchara 
Published: September 2015

Introduction Oral cleft is a common craniofacial birth defect that leads to long-lasting adverse outcomes. In Thailand, there have been two studies of the prevalence of oral clefts using data from university hospitals during 1969 through 1978 and 1988 through 1999, which found prevalence rates of 1.23 and 1.22 per 1000 live births, respectively. Objective The primary outcome was to assess the prevalence of oral clefts from the birth defects registry during 2009 through 2013 in three provinces in southern Thailand. The secondary outcomes were to correlate the risk of oral cleft and maternal age. Design Population-based study. Setting Four hundred sixty-seven hospitals in three provinces in southern Thailand. Participants Oral cleft cases and maternal data—including live births, stillbirths, and termination of pregnancy following a prenatal diagnosis—were collected from the birth defects registry. Results Of the total 186,393 births, there were 269 oral cleft cases, giving an average prevalence of 1.44 per 1000 births (95% CI, 1.22-1.63). The most common cleft type was cleft lip and palate (45.0%), followed by cleft palate (29.0%), with 15.6% syndromic cleft. The mean maternal age was 28.0 ± 6.4 years. There were no differences in prevalence of oral clefts among the different maternal age groups. However, advanced maternal age 35+ years was associated with syndromic cleft children. Conclusions The prevalence of oral clefts was 1.44 per 1000 live births, with 15% of cases having an associated congenital anomaly or a recognized syndrome. Increased maternal age was associated with a higher prevalence of syndromic cleft.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of Mucosal Thickening in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Maxillary Sinuses
Authors: Kula Katherine , Hale Lindsay N. , Ghoneima Ahmed , Tholpady Sunil , Starbuck John M. 
Published: September 2015

Objective To compare maxillary mucosal thickening and sinus volumes of unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects (UCLP) with noncleft (nonCLP) controls. Design Randomized, retrospective study of cone-beam computed tomographs (CBCT). Setting University. Patients Fifteen UCLP subjects and 15 sex- and age-matched non-CLP controls, aged 8 to 14 years. Main Outcome Measure Following institutional review board approval and reliability tests, Dolphin three-dimensional imaging software was used to segment and slice maxillary sinuses on randomly selected CBCTs. The surface area (SA) of bony sinus and airspace on all sinus slices was determined using Dolphin and multiplied by slice thickness (0.4 mm) to calculate volume. Mucosal thickening was the difference between bony sinus and airspace volumes. The number of slices with bony sinus and airspace outlines was totaled. Right and left sinus values for each group were pooled ( t tests, P > .05; n = 30 each group). All measures were compared (principal components analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, analysis of variance) by group and age ( P ≤ .016 was considered significant). Results Principal components analysis axis 1 and 2 explained 89.6% of sample variance. Principal components analysis showed complete separation based on the sample on axis 1 only. Age groups showed some separation on axis 2. Unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects had significantly smaller bony sinus and airspace volumes, fewer bony and airspace slices, and greater mucosal thickening and percentage mucosal thickening when compared with controls. Older subjects had significantly greater bony sinus and airspace volumes than younger subjects. Conclusions Children with UCLP have significantly more maxillary sinus mucosal thickening and smaller sinuses than controls.
Nuevas regulaciones sobre comercio exterior
Authors: Hernández Vázquez Luis Ricardo , Galindo Muro Ana Bricia , Gaytán Esquivel Juan de Dios 
Published: September 2015

Con el pasar de los años las relaciones entre los paí­ses se ha convertido en prioridad ya que con ello ha sido posible el desarrollo del paí­s en losrubros de economí­a, turismo, inversión, comercio y fomento industrial eliminando constantemente las barreras que impiden que esto sea posible. Sin embargo, gracias a esto también ha sido necesario la implementación de reglas y parámetros de seguridad para la protección de la producción y población mexicana siendo definidos por las autoridades competentes de acuerdo al sector del que se trate.
Atención al cliente y validación funcional
Authors: Sainz Zamora Dr. Rafael Octavio 
Published: September 2015

La globalización de los mercados ha provocado una alta competitividad entre las organizaciones. Como nunca los productos y los servicios presentan cada vez más similitudes, y el cliente se vuelve mucho más conocedor y critico. Se redefine la relación marca-consumidor, ya que la lealtad de este último habrá de basarse solo en su beneficio, expresado principalmente en la calidad y el valor. La delgada lí­nea de confianza se pone en riesgo cuando el producto llega al consumidor.La literatura referente a la atención al cliente, da poca importancia y propuestas mí­nimas para enfrentar la problemática cuando el producto oservicio no cumplen con lo prometido o esperado. En este trabajo se cuestiona a esta situación y se proponen algunas técnicas para su validación funcional.
Determinación de los objetivos parciales de un proyecto, aplicando la ruta más larga
Authors: Sainz Zamora Dr. Rafael Octavio , Cornejo Martí­nez Inga. Ana Rosa , Morán Castrejón L.A. Mayra , Torres Castañeda C.P. Rosa Araceli 
Published: September 2015

En el presente documento se aborda la problemática de lo que significa el establecer los objetivos parciales de un proyecto, cuando se minimiza su importancia o se carece de fundamento. En ocasiones se recurre al diagrama de Gantt como solución, pero como se verá más adelante, ésta no es la mejor opción. Un mal planteamiento de estos objetivos, puede alterar la asignación de tareas y por ello, el no arribar a los resultados esperados, en un descontrol manifiesto en recursos materiales y humanos.La propuesta consiste en recurrir a la técnica de Project Evaluation and Review Technique, que permite determinar en tiempos estimados las actividades a desarrollar. De ahí­, al agruparlas se conforman lo que son los objetivos parciales. Esta es una propuesta que evita la imposición de objetivos, ya que al aglutinar actividades de manera racional, estos objetivos se establecen como una consecuencia y no como una condición.
Modelo de la estrategia del océano azul como propuesta de innovación para el área comercial de una MIPYME guanajuatense proveedora de la industria de la construcción
Authors: Arredondo Hidalgo. Dra. Marí­a Guadalupe 
Published: September 2015

La presente investigación se lleva a cabo en una microempresa como hay muchas en México, en donde la sobrevivencia económica dentro de un ambiente de crisis es un común denominador. El esquema general de este trabajo consiste en analizar el contexto de la empresa, para proponer a partir del Modelo de la Estrategia del Océano Azul de Kim W.C. y Mauborgne R. (2005), un modelo de innovación comercial. Como metodologí­a aplicada, la investigación está basada en información primaria de la empresa, tomando como base el contexto de la organización de la MiPyME; así­ como documental a través de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas. De acuerdo a la profundidad, es una investigación descriptiva, a partir de la información de la empresa, se interpretarán los datos y se aplicará la propuesta a la organización. La investigación se determina desde el paradigma cualitativo y comoestudio de caso. Finalmente, la propuesta especí­fica de intervención para el área comercial, encaminada a realizar un cambio planeado con el propósito de mejorar áreas de oportunidad detectadas.
Spelt as a Genetic Resource for Yield Component Improvement in Bread Wheat
Authors: Xie Quan , Mayes Sean , Sparkes Debbie L. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTNovel germplasm resources are required to broaden the genetic diversity of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for further yield improvement. In this study, the usefulness of spelt (T. spelta L.) as a genetic resource to improve yield components of bread wheat was determined. A recombinant inbred line mapping population of bread wheat Forno and spelt Oberkulmer was used to quantify the yield components. Subsequently, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield components, together with grain threshability traits, were identified. Oberkulmer had larger grains (in 2012 season), more fertile tillers, higher biomass, longer and laxer spikes than Forno. Quantitative trait locus analysis revealed six alleles for low threshability and two for tenacious glumes from the spelt, and the Q gene had major effects. Furthermore, 40 favorable alleles for yield components were detected from Oberkulmer, and 83% of them were independent of those for low threshability and tenacious glumes. Therefore, spelt is a useful genetic resource for yield component improvement of bread wheat, while maintaining the free‐threshing habit. In addition, most of QTL for grain number components were coincident with those for grain weight. Allelic analysis of the coincident QTL showed that increased grain number was associated with decreased grain weight, which explained their negative phenotypic relationships.
Competition, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Productivity of Millet–Soybean Intercropping in Semiarid Conditions
Authors: Jahanzad Emad , Sadeghpour Amir , Hoseini Mohammad B. , Barker Allen V. , Hashemi Masoud , Keshavarz Afshar Reza 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTIncreased frequency of drought and shortage of irrigation water has challenged forage production in arid and semiarid regions. Farmers have shifted from corn (Zea mays L.), as their primary source of forage, to more drought‐tolerant species such as millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.); however, protein content of millet may be too low to meet the needs of high‐producing animals. A 2‐yr field experiment was conducted to determine if mixtures of millet with soybean (Glycine max L.) could produce acceptable forage and protein yield and at the same time maintain farmers' profit level. Main plots consisted of nitrogen (N) rates of 0, 37, and 74 kg N ha−1, and subplots were assigned to intercropping ratios (50:50, 60:40, and 40:60 millet–soybean) along with sole crops. Nitrogen application increased total dry matter yield, and millet sole crop had the highest yield (13.6 t ha−1) followed by 60:40 millet–soybean (13.1 t ha−1). The land equivalent ratio (LER) was highest (1.17) in 60:40 millet–soybean intercrops, indicating 17% more efficient use of land than sole crops. On the basis of the results from LER, relative crowding coefficient, and monetary advantage index, 60:40 millet–soybean was superior to the other intercropping ratios and sole crops. Also, the highest protein yield (2.49 t ha−1) was obtained from 60:40 millet–soybean intercrops. Considering both yield and nitrogen use efficiency, 60:40 millet–soybean intercropping ratio, fertilized at 74 kg N ha−1, was advantageous and could be recommended as an alternative to millet sole crop to produce forage of high quality with no significant yield loss.