bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perception of the cyberbullying phenomenon among Estonian students: Comparison of boys and girls on the basis of cyberbullying criteria and types of behaviour
Authors: Naruskov Karin , Luik Piret 
Published: October 2015

Küberkiusamise sügavama mõistmise, sealhulgas mõõtmise seisukohalt on oluline teada, kuivõrd sarnaselt või erinevalt poisid ja tüdrukud küberkiusamise fenomeni tajuvad. Teema põhjalikuma käsitlemise vajalikkusele viitab ka asjaolu, et varasemad küberkiusamise valdkonnas tehtud soolise võrdluse uuringud on andnud üsna vastuolulisi tulemusi. Uurimistöö eesmärk on võrrelda poiste ja tüdrukute vahelisi erinevusi küberkiusamise fenomeni tajumisel kiusamise kriteeriumite ja liikide alusel. Uuringus osales 336 Eesti õpilast vanuses 11−17 eluaastat: 163 tüdrukut ja 173 poissi. Instrumendina kasutati Euroopa projektis COST Action IS0801 valminud ankeeti. Andmeid analüüsiti võrdlustestide, täpsemalt χ2-testi, mittepaarisvalimi t-testi ja Manni-Whitney U-testiga. Küberkiusamiskäitumist defineerivate kriteeriumite ja liikide puhul ei tuvastatud poiste ja tüdrukute hinnangute vahel ühtegi statistiliselt olulist erinevust. Seevastu küberkiusamise kriteeriumite ja liikide tõsidust tajusid poisid ja tüdrukud erinevalt.
Summary
Serum Total Testosterone Concentrations in the US Household Population from the NHANES 2011–2012 Study Population
Authors: Vesper Hubert W , Wang Yuesong , Vidal Meghan , Botelho Julianne Cook , Caudill Samuel P 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Limited information is available about testosterone concentrations representative of the general US population, especially children, women, and non-Hispanic Asians.

METHODS
We obtained nationally representative data for total testosterone (totalT), measured with standardized LC-MS/MS, for the US population age 6 years and older from the 2011–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We analyzed 6746 serum samples and calculated the geometric means, distribution percentiles, and covariate-adjusted geometric means by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.

RESULTS
The 10th–90th percentiles of totalT values in adults (≥20 years) was 150–698 ng/dL (5.20–24.2 nmol/L) in men, 7.1–49.8 ng/dL (0.25–1.73 nmol/L) in women, and 1.0–9.5 ng/dL (0.04–0.33 nmol/L) in children (6–10 years old). Differences among race/ethnic groups existed in children and men: covariate-adjusted totalT values in non-Hispanic Asians were highest among children (58% compared to non-Hispanic black children) and lowest among men (12% compared to Mexican-American men). Covariate-adjusted totalT values in men were higher at age 55–60 years compared to ages 35 and 80 years, a pattern different from that observed in previous NHANES cycles.

CONCLUSIONS
TotalT patterns were different among age groups in men compared with previous NHANES cycles. Covariate-adjusted totalT values peaked at age 55–60 years in men, which appeared to be consistent with the increased use of exogenous testosterone. Differences among race/ethnic groups existed and appeared more pronounced in children than adults.
Improvement in Ambulatory Care Skills by Self‐administered Questionnaire through an Outpatient Training Program among Post‐graduate Young Physicians
Authors: Hirooka Nobutaka , Obuchi Yasuhiro , Ono Yosuke , Hamada Koji , Hamano Kunihisa , Shiraishi Mieno , Uchida Kosuke , Tanaka Yuji 
Published: October 2015

Background: A lack of ambulatory care training has been reported in the literature despite the fact that many health and medical issues are handled in the ambulatory care setting. An appropriate curriculum for ambulatory care training is also yet to be established in Japan.Objective: We aimed at surveying competence in ambulatory care skills through a self‐administered questionnaire and satisfaction toward the ambulatory care training to fill the knowledge gap between ideal training and current training in the ambulatory setting.Method: We recruited all of the first year postgraduate trainees (N = 45) who rotated to the ambulatory care training program provided by the Department of General Medicine at the National Defense Medical College Hospital. Participants were asked to evaluate six skills in ambulatory care (interview, physical exam, diagnostic reasoning, therapeutic reasoning, counseling, and overall skill) and satisfaction toward the training.Results: Statistically speaking, all skills significantly improved after three months of training while some of the skills (diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning and counseling skills) improved less than the others.Satisfaction tended to be higher in the group who experienced a high number of cases.Conclusions: Ambulatory care training in a university hospital increases the ambulatory care skills by self‐administered questionnaire. A higher number of cases, supervised by faculty physicians, appears to be correlated with a higher satisfaction level to the training.
Morphological and cytological diversity of goldenrods (Solidago L. and Euthamia Nutt.) from south-western Poland
Authors: Szymura Magdalena , Szymura Tomasz H. , Kreitschitz Agnieszka 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Correlations between the morphology and cytology of invasive species and the effectiveness of invasion are among the most interesting questions in invasion ecology. Amongst exceptionally successful worldwide plant invaders, species of goldenrod (Solidago and Euthamia) are considered. The main aim of the study was to compare the morphology (concerning life traits) and cytology of the selected goldenrods occurring in south-western Poland with the effectiveness of their invasion. The results of the study, conducted in south-western Poland, showed that life traits of invasive Solidago and Euthamia taxa were clearly not connected with the effectiveness of invasion. The most widespread species, S. gigantea and S. altissima, had the highest ramets and uncommon species such as Euthamia graminifolia and S. virgaurea had short ramets. However, S. canadensis, which is tall, is also uncommon. The most frequent species (S. gigantea) produced smaller inflorescence than less frequent species (S. altissima, S. canadensis and Euthamia graminifolia). The spread of particular taxa was also not connected with the ploidy level and DNA content.
Synanthropization of the Baltic-type raised bog “Roby” (NW Poland)
Authors: Sotek Zofia , Grzejszczak Grzegorz , Stasińska Małgorzata , Malinowski Ryszard 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Raised and transitional peat bogs, despite their considerable resistance to synanthropization, as a result of anthropogenic transformations are exposed to the colonisation by alien species. One of them is the peatland “Roby”, where, in the years 2007-2009 and 2014, floristic, phytosociological and soil studies were carried out in order to record the signs of ongoing synanthropization. Conducted observations and analyses indicated that the expansion of willows has taken place and at present they occupy a large part of the bog, encroaching into bog birch forest and successfully competing with Myrica gale. Progressive peat mineralisation and constructed surfaced roads within the bog, contributed to the appearance and wide distribution of synanthropic species, such as: Urtica dioica, Impatiens parviflora and Spiraea salicifolia. Raised bog communities and their characteristic species occur on a few fragments of the bog, in north-western part, where water regime is shaped mainly by precipitation and peat deposit is fairly well-preserved. At the same time, in the patches of these communities, a distinct unfavourable increase in the share of Molinia caerulea is observed.
Direct economic impact of tourism on World Heritage Cities: An approach to measurement in emerging destinations
Authors: Cárdenas-García Pablo Juan , Pulido-Fernández Juan Ignacio , Fernández Ana Belén Mudarra 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In 2013, it had been ten years since the World Heritage designation of Úbeda and Baeza. After this time period, there should have been a change in the image of this tourism destination, which should have been translated, according to the literature, into an increase in tourism, and, consequently, into a greater impact of this activity on the economy of both cities.
The aim of this work is to evaluate whether the designation of Úbeda and Baeza as World Heritage Cities has led to an increase in the economic impact generated by tourism in these destinations. To do this, the evolution of the main tourism variables of these cities over the last decade has been analysed, concluding that, indeed, there has been an increase in the direct economic impact generated by tourism in these cities, which is mainly explained by an increase in average daily expenditure.
Short-scale variability of the SCLM beneath the extra-Andeanback-arc (Paso de Indios, Argentina): Evidence from spinel-faciesmantle xenoliths
Authors: Ponce Alexis D. , Bertotto Gustavo W. , Zanetti Alberto , Brunelli Daniele , Giovanardi Tommaso , Aragón Eugenio , Bernardi Mauro I. , Hémond Christophe , Mazzucchelli Maurizio 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Cenozoic basalts carrying ultramafic mantlexenoliths occur in the Matilde, León and Chenque hillsin the Paso de Indios region, Argentina. The mantle xenolithsfrom the Chenque and León hills mainly presentporphyroclastic textures, whereas the Matilde hill xenolithshave coarse-grained to porphyroclastic textures. Theequilibrium temperatures are in the range of 780 to 940ºC,indicating a provenance from shallow sectors of the lithosphericmantle column that were subjected to a relativelylow heat ffiux at Cenozoic Era.
According to the modal compositions of xenoliths, themantle beneath Matilde and León hills was affected bygreater than 22% partial melting, while less depleted peridotitesoccur in the Chenque suite (starting from 10%partial melting). Such an observation is confirmed by thepartial melting estimates based on Cr#Sp, which vary from8 to 14% for the selected Chenque samples and from 14 to18% for the Matilde ones.
The common melting trend is overlapped by small-scalecross cutting local trends that may have been generated byopen-system processes, such as open-system partial meltingand/or post partial-melting metasomatic migration ofexotic Na-Cr-rich melts.
The two main mineralogical reaction schemes are: i) thedissolution of pyroxenes and the segregation of newolivine in olivine-rich peridotites, and ii) the replacementof primary olivine by orthopyroxene±clinopyroxenein orthopyroxene-rich peridotites. These were producedby channelled and/or pervasive melt extraction/migration. Enhanced pyroxene dissolution isattributed to channelling of silica- undersaturatedmelts, whereas the replacement of primary olivine byorthopyroxene±clinopyroxene points to reaction withsilica-saturated melts.
Late disequilibrium reactions identified in the xenolithscomprise: the breakdown of orthopyroxene in contact withthe host basalt, and (rarely) reaction coronae on orthopyroxene,clinopyroxene and spinel linked to glassy veins.Such features are apparently related to the injection ofmelt, likely during entrainment into the host basalts andascent to the surface.
Geological modelling for investigating CO2 emissions in FlorinaBasin, Greece
Authors: Koukouzas Nikolaos , Tasianas Alexandros , Gemeni Vasiliki , Alexopoulos Dimitrios , Vasilatos Charalampos 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This paper presents an investigation of naturallyoccurring CO2 emissions from the Florina natural analoguesite in Greece. The main objective was to interpretpreviously collected depth sounding data, convert theminto surfaces, and use them as input to develop, for thefirst time, 3D geological models of the Florina basin. Byalso locating the extent of the aquifer, the location of theCO2 source, the location of other natural CO2 accumulations,and the points where CO2 reaches the surface, wewere able to assess the potential for CO2 leakage. Geologicalmodels provided an estimate of the lithological compositionof the Florina Basin and allowed us to determinepossible directions of groundwater flow and pathways ofCO2 flow throughout the basin.Important modelling parameters included the spatial positionsof boundaries, faults, and major stratigraphic units(which were subdivided into layers of cells). We used variousfunctions in Petrel software to first construct a structuralmodel describing the main rock boundaries.We thendefined a 3D mesh honouring the structural model, andfinally we populated each cell in the mesh with geologicproperties, such as rock type and relative permeability.According to the models, the thickest deposits are locatedaround Mesochorion village where we estimate thataround 1000 m of sediments were deposited above thebasement. Initiation of CO2 flow at Florina Basin couldhave taken place between 6.5 Ma and 1.8 Ma ago. The NESWoriented faults, which acted as fluid flow pathways,are still functioning today, allowing for localised leakageat the surface. CO2 leakage may be spatially variable andepisodic in rate. The episodicity can be linked to the timingof Almopia volcanic activity in the area.
Natural radioactivity distribution and gammaradiation exposure of beach sands close to Kavalapluton, Greece
Authors: Papadopoulos Argyrios , Koroneos Antonios , Christofides Georgios , Stoulos Stylianos 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the activity concentrationsof 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 228Th and 40K along thebeaches of Kavala being adjacent to the rock-types of theKavala pluton. These ranged from 14–940, 16–1710, 26–4547, 27–4488 and 194–1307 Bq/kg respectively, representingthe highest values of natural radioactivity measuredin sediments of Greece. The (%wt.) heavy magnetic (HM)(allanite, amphibole, mica, clinopyroxene, magnetite andhematite) fraction, the heavy non-magnetic (HNM) (monazite,zircon, titanite and apatite) fraction and the totalheavy fraction (TH), were correlated with the concentrationsof the measured radionuclides in the bulk samples.The heavy fractions seem to control the activity concentrationsof 238U and 232Th of all the samples, showingsome local differences in the main 238U and 232Th mineralcarrier. The measured radionuclides in the beach sandswere normalized to the respective values measured in thegranitic rocks, which are their most probable parentalrocks, so as to provide data upon their enrichment or depletion.The annual equivalent dose varies between 0.01and 0.35 mSv y−1 for tourists and from 0.03 to 1.48 mSv y−1for local people working on the beach.
Investigating Compositional Variation of CeramicMaterials during the Late Neolithic on the GreatHungarian Plain – Preliminary LA-ICP-MS Results
Authors: Riebe Danielle J. , Niziolek Lisa C. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Investigations have been undertaken to assessthe extent to which compositional analysis can be usedto determine trade and interaction on the Great HungarianPlain during the Late Neolithic. Ceramic and clay samplesin the Körös and Berettyó River Basins were analyzedat the Elemental Analysis Facilities (EAF) at The Field Museumof Natural History in Chicago, IL, USA. With the useof laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS), the aim of the project was to ascertainif micro-regional or site-specific compositional signaturescould be determined in a region that is typically characterizedas highly geologically homogenous. Identifyingsite-specific signatures enables archaeologists to modelprehistoric interactions and, in turn, determine the relationshipbetween interaction and various socio-culturalchanges. This paper focuses on the preliminary compositionalresults of materials analyzed from three differentsites across the Plain and the methodological implicationsfor future anthropological research in the region.
First evidence for Permian-Triassic boundary volcanism in the Northern Gemericum: geochemistry and U-Pb zircon geochronology
Authors: Vozárová Anna , Presnyakov Sergey , Šarinová Katarína , Šmelko Miloš 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSeveral magmatic events based on U-Pb zircon geochronology were recognized in the Permian sedimentary succession of the Northern Gemeric Unit (NGU). The Kungurian magmatic event is dominant. The later magmatism stage was documented at the Permian-Triassic boundary. The detrital zircon assemblages from surrounding sediments documented the Sakmarian magmatic age. The post-orogenic extensional/transtensional faulting controlled the magma ascent and its emplacement. The magmatic products are represented by the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks, ranging from basaltic metaandesite to metarhyolite, associated with subordinate metabasalt. The whole group of the studied NGU Permian metavolcanics has values for the Nb/La ratio at (0.44–0.27) and for the Nb/U ratio at (9.55–4.18), which suggests that they represent mainly crustal melts. Magma derivation from continental crust or underplated crust is also indicated by high values of Y/Nb ratios, ranging from 1.63 to 4.01. The new206U–238Pb zircon ages (concordia age at 269 ± 7 Ma) confirm the dominant Kungurian volcanic event in the NGU Permian sedimentary basin. Simultaneously, the Permian-Triassic boundary volcanism at 251 ± 4 Ma has been found for the first time. The NGU Permian volcanic activity was related to a polyphase extensional tectonic regime. Based on the new and previous U-Pb zircon ages, the bulk of the NGU Permian magmatic activity occurred during the Sakmarian and Kungurian. It was linked to the post-orogenic transpression/transtension tectonic movements that reflected the consolidation of the Variscan orogenic belt. The Permian-Triassic boundary magmatism was accompanied by extension, connected with the beginning of the Alpine Wilson cycle.
Phonon Transport in a Thin Film due to Temperature Oscillation at the Film Edge
Authors: Ali H. , Yilbas B.S. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Transient response of phonon transport in a two-dimensional silicon thin film due to temperature disturbance at the film edge is investigated. Temperature oscillations with different frequencies are incorporated at the high-temperature edge of the film while uniform temperature is assumed initially in the film. The size of heat source, due to temperature oscillation, is varied at the film edge to investigate the coupling effect of oscillation frequency and the heat source size on the phonon transport in the film. Equivalent equilibrium temperature is introduced to assess the phonon transport characteristics for different temperature disturbance conditions. A numerical method incorporating the discrete ordinate method is used to solve the Boltzmann transport equation with the appropriate boundary conditions. It is found that equivalent equilibrium temperature oscillates in the region close to the high-temperature edge of the film; however, oscillation characteristics in terms of frequency and amplitude do not follow temperature oscillation at the film edge. Heat source size and oscillation frequency influence significantly equivalent equilibrium temperature in the film, which is more pronounced in the late heating periods.
Optimization of Traveling Salesman Problem Using Affinity Propagation Clustering and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: El-Samak Ahmad Fouad , Ashour Wesam 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Combinatorial optimization problems, such as travel salesman problem, are usually NP-hard and the solution space of this problem is very large. Therefore the set of feasible solutions cannot be evaluated one by one. The simple genetic algorithm is one of the most used evolutionary computation algorithms, that give a good solution for TSP, however, it takes much computational time. In this paper, Affinity Propagation Clustering Technique (AP) is used to optimize the performance of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) for solving TSP. The core idea, which is clustering cities into smaller clusters and solving each cluster using GA separately, thus the access to the optimal solution will be in less computational time. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm can give a good results for TSP problem more than the simple GA.
Performance Comparison of Hybrid Electromagnetism-Like Mechanism Algorithms with Descent Method
Authors: Miyajima Hirofumi , Shigei Noritaka , Miyajima Hiromi 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Electromagnetism-like Mechanism (EM) method is known as one of metaheuristics. The basic idea is one that a set of parameters is regarded as charged particles and the strength of particles is corresponding to the value of the objective function for the optimization problem. Starting from any set of initial assignment of parameters, the parameters converge to a value including the optimal or semi-optimal parameter based on EM method. One of its drawbacks is that it takes too much time to the convergence of the parameters like other meta-heuristics. In this paper, we introduce hybrid methods combining EM and the descent method such as BP, k-means and FIS and show the performance comparison among some hybrid methods. As a result, it is shown that the hybrid EM method is superior in learning speed and accuracy to the conventional methods.
Rotating Shaft Tilt Angle Measurement Using an Inclinometer
Authors: Luo Jun , Wang Zhiqian , Shen Chengwu , Wen Zhuoman , Liu Shaojin , Cai Sheng , Li Jianrong 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This paper describes a novel measurement method to accurately measure the rotating shaft tilt angle of rotating machine for alignment or compensation using a dual-axis inclinometer. A model of the rotating shaft tilt angle measurement is established using a dual-axis inclinometer based on the designed mechanical structure, and the calculation equation between the rotating shaft tilt angle and the inclinometer axes outputs is derived under the condition that the inclinometer axes are perpendicular to the rotating shaft. The reversal measurement method is applied to decrease the effect of inclinometer drifts caused by temperature, to eliminate inclinometer and rotating shaft mechanical error and inclinometer systematic error to attain high measurement accuracy. The uncertainty estimation shows that the accuracy of rotating shaft tilt angle measurement depends mainly on the inclinometer uncertainty and its uncertainty is almost the same as the inclinometer uncertainty in the simulation. The experimental results indicate that measurement time is 4 seconds; the range of rotating shaft tilt angle is 0.002° and its standard deviation is 0.0006° using NS-5/P2 inclinometer, whose precision and resolution are ±0.01° and 0.0005°, respectively.
Contribution of the Refractive Index Fluctuations to the Length Noise in Displacement Interferometry
Authors: Holá Miroslava , Hrabina Jan , Sarbort Martin , Oulehla Jindrich , Cíp Ondrej , Lazar Josef 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
We report on investigations of how fast changes of the refractive index influence the uncertainty of interferometric displacement measurements. Measurement of position within a limited range is typical for precise positioning of coordinate measuring systems, such as nanometrology standards combined with scanning probe microscopy (SPM). The varying refractive index of air contributes significantly to the overall uncertainty; it plays a role especially in case of longer-range systems. In our experiments we have observed that its fast variations, seen as length noise, are not linearly proportional to the measuring beam path and play a significant role only over distances longer than 50 mm. Thus, we found that over longer distances the length noise rises proportionally. The measurements were performed under conditions typical for metrology SPM systems