bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid determination of sugar content in biomass hydrolysates using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Gjersing Erica , Happs Renee M. , Sykes Robert W. , Doeppke Crissa , Davis Mark F. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLarge populations of potential cellulosic biomass feedstocks are currently being screened for fuel and chemical applications. The monomeric sugar content, released through hydrolysis, is of particular importance and is currently measured with time‐consuming HPLC methods. A method for sugar detection is presented here that employs 1H NMR spectra regressed against primary HPLC sugar concentration data to build partial least squares (PLS) models. The PLS2 model is able to predict concentrations of both major sugar components, like glucose and xylose, and minor sugars, such as arabinose and mannose, in biomass hydrolysates. The model was built with 65 samples from a variety of different biomass species and covers a wide range of sugar concentrations. Model predictions were validated with a set of 15 samples which were all within error of both HPLC and NMR integration measurements. The data collection time for these NMR measurements is less than 20 min, offering a significant improvement to the 1 h acquisition time that is required for HPLC. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 721–728. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of a platform process for adenovirus purification that removes human set and nucleolin and provides high purity vector for gene delivery
Authors: Riske Frank , Berard Nicole , Albee Karen , Pan Peng , Henderson Mike , Adams Kris , Godwin Simon , Spear Sherri 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe manufacturing of virus occurs at a modest scale in comparison to many therapeutic proteins mainly because a gene therapy dose is typically only µg of vector. Although modest in scale the generation of high purity virus is challenging due to low viral expression levels and the difficulties in adequately characterizing such a large and complex molecule. A 100 L bioreactor might produce only 100 mg of virus that must be separated from host and process impurities that are typically greater by several orders of magnitude. Furthermore, in the later purification stages the main milieu component is often virus at low concentration (µg/mL) which may non‐specifically adsorb to purification surfaces resulting in a lowered virus recovery. This study describes our approach to develop a scalable, manufacturable robust process for an Adenovirus (Ad) gene therapy vector. A number of analytical tools were developed to guide the purification design. During process development, two human proteins, SET and nucleolin, were identified in viral preparations. To our knowledge, this is the first time that SET and nucleolin have been described in Ad. In this report we detail a process for their removal and the robust removal of all process, product and host cell impurities. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 848–856. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐time cutting simulation of meshless deformable object using dynamic bounding volume hierarchy
Authors: Jung Hoeryong , Lee Doo Yong 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a novel method for a real‐time cutting simulation of deformable objects using meshless method. The method utilizes a rapid refinement of topological relations among the simulation nodes of meshless deformable objects. Topological relations are defined as an undirected graph based on a visibility criterion. The graph connects the adjacent nodes that lie within a support of each node. The topological relations are refined by removing the edges of the graph that is intersected by the cut surface during the cutting simulation. Our approach utilizes a bounding volume hierarchy (BVH) to accelerate the computation of the intersection test. The BVH reconstruction algorithm is proposed to account for the cases where pieces of the object are completely cut out from the object. Algorithms to examine the connectivity among simulation nodes and accordingly reconstructing the BVH using two‐level BVH are presented. The proposed approach achieves real‐time cutting simulation of deformable objects through the rapid refinement of the topological relation. In addition, the computational performance of the cutting procedure is preserved during the entire simulation, thanks to the real‐time reconstruction of the BVH. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ruthenium Complexation in an Aluminium Metal–Organic Framework and Its Application in Alcohol Oxidation Catalysis
Authors: Carson Fabian , Agrawal Santosh , Gustafsson Mikaela , Bartoszewicz Agnieszka , Moraga Francisca , Zou Xiaodong , Martín‐Matute Belén 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA ruthenium trichloride complex has been loaded into an aluminium metal–organic framework (MOF), MOF‐253, by post‐synthetic modification to give MOF‐253‐Ru. MOF‐253 contains open bipyridine sites that are available to bind with the ruthenium complex. MOF‐253‐Ru was characterised by elemental analysis, N2 sorption and X‐ray powder diffraction. This is the first time that a Ru complex has been coordinated to a MOF through post‐synthetic modification and used as a heterogeneous catalyst. MOF‐253‐Ru catalysed the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols, including allylic alcohols, with PhI(OAc)2 as the oxidant under very mild reaction conditions (ambient temperature to 40 °C). High conversions (up to >99 %) were achieved in short reaction times (1–3 h) by using low catalyst loadings (0.5 mol % Ru). In addition, high selectivities (>90 %) for aldehydes were obtained at room temperature. MOF‐253‐Ru can be recycled up to six times with only a moderate decrease in substrate conversion.
Terpyridine–Porphyrin Hetero‐Pacman Compounds
Authors: Schwalbe Matthias , Metzinger Ramona , Teets Thomas S. , Nocera Daniel G. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe two different coordination spheres afforded by Pacman architectures offer cooperativity derived from two different metal centers. A modular strategy is developed to produce a hetero‐Pacman scaffold featuring a porphyrin and terpyridine for metal‐ion binding. A double Suzuki reaction was employed to first attach a terpyridine moiety to a xanthene backbone and then attach a porphyrin. The new hetero‐Pacman scaffold has been characterized and all building blocks have been isolated and structurally characterized. The principle objective to incorporate different metal centers was confirmed by isolating a trinuclear complex comprising two porphyrinic units and a bis(terpyridine)–iron unit. The compounds described herein expand the Pacman scaffold concept by allowing for the incorporation of a terpyridine–metal complex proximate to a porphyrin‐cofactor active site for small‐molecule activation.
Green Microwave Synthesis of MIL‐100(Al, Cr, Fe) Nanoparticles for Thin‐Film Elaboration
Authors: García Márquez Alfonso , Demessence Aude , Platero‐Prats Ana Eva , Heurtaux Daniela , Horcajada Patricia , Serre Christian , Chang Jong‐San , Férey Gérard , de la Peña‐O'Shea Victor Antonio , Boissière Cédric , Grosso David , Sanchez Clément 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNanoparticles of mesoporous MIL‐100(Al, Cr or Fe) metal–organic frameworks were synthesized by a microwave‐assisted solvothermal route with green solvents. The optimization of yield, crystallinity, and particle size was achieved through the control of synthetic parameters such as temperature, heating rate, and dwelling time. The particle size strongly depends on the metallic cation and the metal and linker precursors; nanoparticles smaller than 100 nm were obtained for iron and chromium based MIL‐100. Finally, stable colloidal solutions of iron and chromium MIL‐100 nanoparticles were used for thin layer dip‐coating deposition, which resulted in high optical quality thin films, the porosity of which was investigated by environmental ellipsometric porosimetry.
The 1,4,5‐Triaminotetrazolium Cation (CN7H6+): A Highly Nitrogen‐Rich Moiety
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Piercey Davin G. , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe amination of 1,5‐diamino‐1,2,3,4‐tetrazole with tosylhydroxylamine yielded 1,4,5‐triaminotetrazolium tosylate. Metathesis reactions yielded energetic bromide, nitrate, and nitrotetrazolate 2‐oxide salts. Owing to the exceedingly high nitrogen content of the cation (>84 % !), the calculated heats of formation and the experimental explosive and thermal sensitivities are exceedingly high. For the first time, the X‐ray structure of this energetic cation is reported, as are the standard multinuclear NMR, infrared, and Raman spectroscopic data. Explosive performances (detonation velocity and pressure) have also been calculated for a sample compound.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Gas Turbine Systems Operating with Various Biofuels
Authors: Patel H. C. , Woudstra T. , Aravind P. V. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine (SOFC‐GT) systems provide a thermodynamically high efficiency alternative for power generation from biofuels. In this study biofuels namely methane, ethanol, methanol, hydrogen, and ammonia are evaluated exergetically with respect to their performance at system level and in system components like heat exchangers, fuel cell, gas turbine, combustor, compressor, and the stack. Further, the fuel cell losses are investigated in detail with respect to their dependence on operating parameters such as fuel utilization, Nernst voltage, etc. as well as fuel specific parameters like heat effects. It is found that the heat effects play a major role in setting up the flows in the system and hence, power levels attained in individual components. The per pass fuel utilization dictates the efficiency of the fuel cell itself, but the system efficiency is not entirely dependent on fuel cell efficiency alone, but depends on the split between the fuel cell and gas turbine powers which in turn depends highly on the nature of the fuel and its chemistry. Counter intuitively it is found that with recycle, the fuel cell efficiency of methane is less than that of hydrogen but the system efficiency of methane is higher.
Stressful life events and cognitive decline in late life: moderation by education and age. The Cache County Study
Authors: Tschanz JoAnn T. , Pfister Roxane , Wanzek Joseph , Corcoran Chris , Smith Ken , Tschanz Brian T. , Steffens David C. , Østbye Truls , Welsh‐Bohmer Kathleen A. , Norton Maria C. 
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveStressful life events (SLE) have been associated with increased dementia risk, but their association with cognitive decline has been inconsistent. In a longitudinal population‐based study of older individuals, we examined the association between SLE and cognitive decline, and the role of potential effect modifiers.MethodsA total of 2665 non‐demented participants of the Cache County Memory Study completed an SLE questionnaire at Wave 2 and were revisited 4 and 7 years later. The events were represented via several scores: total number, subjective rating (negative, positive, and unexpected), and a weighted summary based on their impact. Cognition was assessed at each visit with the modified Mini‐Mental State Exam. General linear models were used to examine the association between SLE scores and cognition. Effect modification by age, education, and APOE genotype was tested.ResultsYears of formal education (p = 0.006) modified the effect of number of SLE, and age (p = 0.009) modified the effect of negative SLE on the rate of cognitive decline. Faster decline was observed among those with fewer years of education experiencing more SLE and also among younger participants experiencing more negative SLE. There was no association between other indicators of SLE and cognitive decline. APOE genotype did not modify any of the aforementioned associations.ConclusionsThe effects of SLE on cognition in late life are complex and vary by individual factors such as age and education. These results may explain some of the contradictory findings in the literature. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome in adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials published from June 2000 to February 2012
Authors: Cossins L. , Okell R.W. , Cameron H. , Simpson B. , Poole H.M. , Goebel A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling pain condition with sensory, motor and autonomic manifestations. Uncertainty remains about how CRPS can be effectively managed. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for treatment and prophylactic interventions for CRPS published during the period 2000–2012, building on previous work by another group reviewing the period 1966–2000. Bibliographic database searches identified 173 papers which were filtered by three reviewers. This process generated 29 trials suitable for further analysis, each of which was reviewed and scored by two independent reviewers for methodological quality using a 15‐item checklist. A number of novel and potentially effective treatments were investigated. Analysing the results from both review periods in combination, there was a steep rise in the number of published RCTs per review decade. There is evidence for the efficacy of 10 treatments (3× strong – bisphosphonates, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and graded motor imagery, 1× moderate and 6× limited evidence), and against the efficacy of 15 treatments (1× strong, 1× moderate and ×13 limited). The heterogeneity of trialled interventions and the pilot nature of many trials militate against drawing clear conclusions about the clinical usefulness of most interventions. This and the observed phenomenon of excellent responses in CRPS subgroups would support the case for a network‐ and multi‐centre approach in the conduct of future clinical trials. Most published trials in CRPS are small with a short follow‐up period, although several novel interventions investigated from 2000 to 2012 appear promising.
Galectin‐3 expression in thyroid fine needle cytology (t‐FNAC) uncertain cases: Validation of molecular markers and technology innovation
Authors: Papale F. , Cafiero G. , Grimaldi A. , Marino G. , Rosso F. , Mian C. , Barollo S. , Pennelli G. , Sorrenti S. , De Antoni E. , Barbarisi A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThyroid cancer is not very common, accounting for 1–2% of all cancers, with a population incidence of about 0.004%. Currently, the ability to discriminate between follicular adenoma and carcinoma represents the major challenge in preclinical diagnosis of thyroid proliferative lesions. Better discrimination between the two would help avoid unnecessary thyroidectomy and save valuable resources. Over the years, galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) has been proposed as a diagnostic marker with varied success. In this paper, we used Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy Immunogold Labelling (ESEM‐IGL) to investigate the expression of Gal‐3 on Thin‐Prep fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). We optimized the ESEM‐IGL method on thyroid cell lines (RO‐82 and FTC‐133) comparing our membrane Gal‐3 labeling data with Western blot. We evaluated 183 thyroid FNAC from Italian patients with a uncertain pre‐surgical diagnosis. ESEM‐IGL method marker sensitivity is 71.2%, while specificity is 53.3% and diagnostic efficacy is 61.2%. Our results confirmed that Gal‐3 expression is associated with situations of hypertrophy and/or cellular hyperproliferation, pathophysiological situations common both to adenomas and to thyroid carcinomas. The innovation of thyroid FNAC Thin‐Prep ESEM‐IGL shows the levels of Gal‐3 immunolabeling clearly, even through the individual cells of a thyroid nodule. However, Gal‐3 alone, as a molecular marker of thyroid cancer, can still have a limited application in pre‐surgery diagnosis. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhancement of placenta growth factor expression by oncostatin M in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts
Authors: Tu Huang‐Ju , Lin Tzu‐Hung , Chiu Yung‐Cheng , Tang Chih‐Hsin , Yang Rong‐Sen , Fu Wen‐Mei 
Published: October 2012

AbstractOncostatin M (OSM) belongs to IL‐6 subfamily and is mostly produced by T lymphocytes. High levels of OSM are detected in the pannus of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and it may arouse the inflammation responses in joints and eventually leads to bone erosion. Placenta growth factor (PLGF) is an angiogenic factor and highly homologous with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It has been recently reported that PLGF is highly expressed in synovial tissue and enhances the production of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF‐α and IL‐6. Here, we demonstrated that OSM increased mRNA and protein levels of PLGF in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner in RA synovial fibroblasts. Inhibitors of JAK3 and PI3K antagonized OSM‐induced production of PLGF. OSM enhanced the phosphorylation of Tyr705‐STAT3, Ser727‐STAT3, Ser473‐Akt, and increased the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated STAT3 time‐dependently. Transfection of dominant negative Akt or application of PI3K inhibitorLY294002 significantly inhibited p‐Tyr705‐STAT3, p‐Ser727‐STAT3, and PLGF expression, indicating that Akt is involved in JAK3/STAT3/PLGF signaling cascade. To further examine whether STAT3 binds to the promoter region of PLGF, Chip assay was used and it was found that OSM could bind with PLGF promoter, which was inhibited by JAK3 and PI3K inhibitors. Accumulation of PLGF in the pannus may contribute to the inflammation, angiogenesis and joints destruction in RA patients. These findings demonstrated the important role of OSM in the pathology network of RA and provided novel therapeutic drug targets for RA treatment. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An investigation of donor and culture parameters which influence epithelial outgrowths from cultured human cadaveric limbal explants
Authors: Baylis Oliver , Rooney Paul , Figueiredo Francisco , Lako Majlinda , Ahmad Sajjad 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLimbal stem cell deficiency is a blinding disease which affects the cornea at the front of the eye. The definitive cure involves replacing the corneal epithelial (limbal) stem cells, for example by transplanting cultured limbal epithelial cells. One method of performing cultures is to grow a sheet of epithelial cells from a limbal explant on human amniotic membrane. The growth of limbal tissue can be variable. The aim of this study is to investigate how different donor and culture factors influence the ex vivo growth of cadaveric limbal explants. Limbal explant cultures were established from 10 different cadaveric organ cultured corneo‐scleral discs. The growth rate and the time taken for growth to be established were determined. Statistical analysis was performed to assess correlation between these factors and donor variables including donor age, sex, time from donor death to enucleation, time from enucleation to organ culture storage and duration in organ culture. Growth curves consistently showed a lag phase followed by a steeper linear growth phase. Donor age, time between death and enucleation, and time between enucleation and organ culture were not correlated to the lag time or the growth rate. Time in organ culture had a significant correlation with the duration of lag time (P = 0.003), but no relationship with the linear growth rate. This study shows that an important factor correlating with growth variation is the duration of corneo‐scleral tissue in organ culture. Interestingly, donor age was not correlated with limbal explant growth. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Caveolae regulate smad signaling as verified by novel imaging and system biology approaches
Authors: Saldanha Sven , Bragdon Beth , Moseychuk Oleksandra , Bonor Jeremy , Dhurjati Prasad , Nohe Anja 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe contribution of caveolae in Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) activated Smad signaling was quantified using a system biology approach. BMP2 plays crucial roles during processes such as hematopoiesis, embryogenesis, and skeletal development. BMP2 signaling is tightly regulated on the plasma membrane by its receptors. The localization of BMP receptors in caveolae and endocytosis through clathrin‐coated pits are thought to regulate the signaling; however the conclusions in the current literature are inconsistent. Therefore published literature was used to establish a mathematical model that was validated using confocal AFM (atomic force microscopy), confocal microscopy, and sucrose density centrifugation followed by Western blots, and reporter gene assays. The model and experiments confirmed that both caveolae and CCPs regulate the Smad‐dependent signaling pathway, however caveolae are centers at the plasma membrane where receptor–ligand interaction is crucial, Smad phosphorylation occurs, and a high degree of Smad signaling is regulated. This demonstrates a role for caveolae that needs to be considered and further studied. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Self‐Assembly of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers in Ternary Solvent Mixtures: Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Phase Behavior and Structure
Authors: Sarkar Biswajit , Lakshmichand Jinendra , Alexandridis Paschalis 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe effects of the simultaneous addition of two organic solvents (glycerol and ethanol) on the lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) phase behavior and structure formed by PEO–PPO–PEO amphiphilic block copolymers in water are examined. Glycerol and ethanol have been selected because of their opposite effect: structure promoting and structure dissolving, respectively. Lattice parameters of Pluronic P105 (EO37PO58EO37) and F127 (EO100PO70EO100) LLC samples in the presence of any type and amount of E+G solvents decrease with increasing volume fraction of the PPO‐rich domains. Lattice parameters for the two block copolymers fall on the same line when normalized with the square root of polymer molecular weight, suggesting weak block segregation.
Investigation on strength and stability of jointed rock mass using three‐dimensional numerical manifold method
Authors: He L. , An X. M. , Zhao X. B. , Zhao Z. Y. 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a numerical model for jointed rock masses within the 3‐D numerical manifold method (NMM) framework equipped with a customized contact algorithm. The strength of rock sample containing a few sets of discontinuities is first investigated. The results of models with simple geometries are compared with the available analytical solutions to verify the developed computer code, whereas models with complex geometries are simulated to better understand the fundamental behavior and failure mechanism of jointed rock mass. Furthermore, the stability of jointed rock mass in an underground excavation is studied, where rock failure process is determined by the 3‐D NMM simulation. The simulation results provide valuable guidance on excavation process design and stabilization design in rock engineering practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.