bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The regulatory effects of water probiotic supplementation on the blood physiology, reproductive performance, and its related genes in Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus X O. mossambicus)
Authors: Eissa El-Sayed Hemdan , El-Sayed Abdel-Fattah M. , Hendam Basma M. , Ghanem Sara F. , Abd Elnabi Heba E. , Abd El-Aziz Yasmin M. , Abdelnour Sameh A. , Eissa Moaheda E.H. , Dighiesh Hagar Sedeek 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProbiotics are becoming increasingly popular as eco-friendly alternatives in aquaculture. However, there is limited research on their impacts on the reproductive efficiency of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. mossambicus) broodstock. Therefore, this experiment aimed to explore the combined effects of selective probiotics Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis (BSL; 1:1) added to water on blood hematology, serum metabolites, gonadal histology, reproductive performance, and reproductive associated genes in Red Tilapia broodstock. Tilapia broodfish weighing 140–160 g were stocked in four treatment groups: control (T0), and the other three groups were added different levels of BSL to the water as follows: T1 (0.01 g/m3), T2 (0.02 g/m3), and T3 (0.03 g/m3), respectively. Results indicate that BSL administration significantly improved RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCH, and MCHC, with the highest improvement seen in the T3 group (P < 0.05). BSL added to the fish water significantly enhanced serum protein fractions (total protein, albumin, and globulins), while AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, uric acid, and glucose were significantly diminished in a dose-dependent way (P < 0.05). Adding 0.02–0.03 g/ m3 of BSL resulted in higher antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase and catalase) compared to other groups (P < 0.05). Testosterone levels were higher in T3 than in other groups (P < 0.05). All female hormones (LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone) were substantially augmented by the addition of BSL. Additionally, the BSL groups exhibited higher GSI, HSI, VSI (male only), egg diameter (mm), mean number of fry/fish, and mean fry weight (g) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Expression of reproductive-associated genes (vasa, nanos1a, nanos2, dnd1, pum1, AMH, and vtg) were significantly up-regulated in the gonads of fish in the 0.03 g/m3 treatment. The histological gonadal structure exhibited that BSL improved gonad maturation in both genders of Tilapia fish. Overall, adding a mixture of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (0.03 g/m3 water) can accelerate reproductive performance in Red Tilapia through up-regulation of reproductive genes and enhance the health profile.
TNKS1BP1 mediates AECII senescence and radiation induced lung injury through suppressing EEF2 degradation
Authors: Zhu Jiaojiao , Ao Xingkun , Liu Yuhao , Zhou Shenghui , Hou Yifan , Yan Ziyan , Zhou Lin , Chen Huixi , Wang Ping , Liang Xinxin , Xie Dafei , Gao Shanshan , Zhou Ping-Kun , Gu Yongqing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Although recent studies provide mechanistic understanding to the pathogenesis of radiation induced lung injury (RILI), rare therapeutics show definitive promise for treating this disease. Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII) injury in various manner results in an inflammation response to initiate RILI.

Results
Here, we reported that radiation (IR) up-regulated the TNKS1BP1, causing progressive accumulation of the cellular senescence by up-regulating EEF2 in AECII and lung tissue of RILI mice. Senescent AECII induced Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), consequently activating fibroblasts and macrophages to promote RILI development. In response to IR, elevated TNKS1BP1 interacted with and decreased CNOT4 to suppress EEF2 degradation. Ectopic expression of EEF2 accelerated AECII senescence. Using a model system of TNKS1BP1 knockout (KO) mice, we demonstrated that TNKS1BP1 KO prevents IR-induced lung tissue senescence and RILI.

Conclusions
Notably, this study suggested that a regulatory mechanism of the TNKS1BP1/CNOT4/EEF2 axis in AECII senescence may be a potential strategy for RILI.
The effects of modern housing on malaria transmission in different endemic zones: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nawa Mukumbuta , Mupeyo-Mudala Catherine , Banda-Tembo Sylvia , Adetokunboh Olatunji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Modern housing has been shown to reduce the risk of malaria infections compared to traditional houses; however, it is unclear if the effects differ in different malaria transmission settings. This study evaluated the effects of modern housing on malaria among different endemic areas.

Methods
Electronic databases, clinical trial registries and grey literature were searched for randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case–control studies, and cross-sectional surveys on housing done between 1987 and 2022. Forest plots were done, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development and Evaluation Framework.

Results
Twenty-one studies were included; thirteen were cross-sectional, four were case–control and four were cohort studies. Cohort studies showed an adjusted risk ratio of 0.68 (95% CI 0.48–0.96), and cross-sectional studies indicated an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 0.79 (95%CI 0.75–0.83). By endemic transmission regions, the adjusted odds ratio in the high endemic settings was 0.80 (95%CI 0.76–085); in the moderate transmission regions, aOR = 0.76 (95%CI 0.67–0.85) and in the low transmission settings, aOR = 0.67 (95%CI 0.48–0.85).

Conclusions
The evidence from observational studies suggests that there are no differences in the protective effects of modern houses compared to traditional houses on malaria by endemicity level. This implies that good quality modern housing protects against malaria regardless of the malaria transmission settings.
TFEB controls sensitivity to chemotherapy and immuno-killing in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Akman Muhlis , Monteleone Ciro , Doronzo Gabriella , Godel Martina , Napoli Francesca , Merlini Alessandra , Campani Virginia , Nele Valeria , Balmas Elisa , Chontorotzea Tatiana , Fontana Simona , Digiovanni Sabrina , Barbu Francesca Alice , Astanina Elena , Jafari Niloufar , Salaroglio Iris Chiara , Kopecka Joanna , De Rosa Giuseppe , Mohr Thomas , Bertero Alessandro , Righi Luisella , Novello Silvia , Scagliotti Giorgio Vittorio , Bussolino Federico , Riganti Chiara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) the efficacy of chemo-immunotherapy is affected by the high expression of drug efflux transporters as ABCC1 and by the low expression of ABCA1, mediating the isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP)-dependent anti-tumor activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T-lymphocytes. In endothelial cells ABCA1 is a predicted target of the transcription factor EB (TFEB), but no data exists on the correlation between TFEB and ABC transporters involved in the chemo-immuno-resistance in NSCLC.

Methods
The impact of TFEB/ABCC1/ABCA1 expression on NSCLC patients’ survival was analyzed in the TCGA-LUAD cohort and in a retrospective cohort of our institution. Human NSCLC cells silenced for TFEB (shTFEB) were analyzed for ABC transporter expression, chemosensitivity and immuno-killing. The chemo-immuno-sensitizing effects of nanoparticles encapsulating zoledronic acid (NZ) on shTFEB tumors and on tumor immune-microenvironment were evaluated in Hu-CD34+ mice by single-cell RNA-sequencing.

Results
TFEBlowABCA1lowABCC1high and TFEBhighABCA1highABCC1low NSCLC patients had the worst and the best prognosis, respectively, in the TCGA-LUAD cohort and in a retrospective cohort of patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy or immunotherapy as first-line treatment. By silencing shTFEB in NSCLC cells, we demonstrated that TFEB was a transcriptional inducer of ABCA1 and a repressor of ABCC1. shTFEB cells had also a decreased activity of ERK1/2/SREBP2 axis, implying reduced synthesis and efflux via ABCA1 of cholesterol and its intermediate IPP. Moreover, TFEB silencing reduced cholesterol incorporation in mitochondria: this event increased the efficiency of OXPHOS and the fueling of ABCC1 by mitochondrial ATP. Accordingly, shTFEB cells were less immuno-killed by the Vγ9Vδ2 T-lymphocytes activated by IPP and more resistant to cisplatin. NZ, which increased IPP efflux but not OXPHOS and ATP production, sensitized shTFEB immuno-xenografts, by reducing intratumor proliferation and increasing apoptosis in response to cisplatin, and by increasing the variety of anti-tumor infiltrating cells (Vγ9Vδ2 T-lymphocytes, CD8+T-lymphocytes, NK cells).

Conclusions
This work suggests that TFEB is a gatekeeper of the sensitivity to chemotherapy and immuno-killing in NSCLC, and that the TFEBlowABCA1lowABCC1high phenotype can be predictive of poor response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. By reshaping both cancer metabolism and tumor immune-microenvironment, zoledronic acid can re-sensitize TFEBlow NSCLCs, highly resistant to chemo- and immunotherapy.
Can clinicians identify community-acquired pneumonia on ultralow-dose CT? A diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Heltborg Anne , Mogensen Christian Backer , Skjøt-Arkil Helene , Giebner Matthias , Al-Masri Ayham , Khatry Usha Bc , Khatry Sangam , Heinemeier Ina Isabell Kathleen , Andreasen Jonas Jannick , Hariesh Sanne Sarmila Sivalingam , Termansen Tenna , Kolnes Anna Natalie , Lorentzen Morten Hjarnø , Laursen Christian Borbjerg , Posth Stefan , Andersen Michael Brun , Mussmann Bo , Spile Camilla Stræde , Graumann Ole 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Without increasing radiation exposure, ultralow-dose computed tomography (CT) of the chest provides improved diagnostic accuracy of radiological pneumonia diagnosis compared to a chest radiograph. Yet, radiologist resources to rapidly report the chest CTs are limited. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of emergency clinicians’ assessments of chest ultralow-dose CTs for community-acquired pneumonia using a radiologist’s assessments as reference standard.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study. Ten emergency department clinicians (five junior clinicians, five consultants) assessed chest ultralow-dose CTs from acutely hospitalised patients suspected of having community-acquired pneumonia. Before assessments, the clinicians attended a focused training course on assessing ultralow-dose CTs for pneumonia. The reference standard was the assessment by an experienced emergency department radiologist. Primary outcome was the presence or absence of pulmonary opacities consistent with community-acquired pneumonia. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated using generalised estimating equations.

Results
All clinicians assessed 128 ultralow-dose CTs. The prevalence of findings consistent with community-acquired pneumonia was 56%. Seventy-eight percent of the clinicians’ CT assessments matched the reference assessment. Diagnostic accuracy estimates were: sensitivity = 83% (95%CI: 77–88), specificity = 70% (95%CI: 59–81), positive predictive value = 80% (95%CI: 74–84), negative predictive value = 78% (95%CI: 73–82).

Conclusion
This study found that clinicians could assess chest ultralow-dose CTs for community-acquired pneumonia with high diagnostic accuracy. A higher level of clinical experience was not associated with better diagnostic accuracy.
Association of polygenic scores for autism with volumetric MRI phenotypes in cerebellum and brainstem in adults
Authors: Mohammad Salahuddin , Gentreau Mélissa , Dubol Manon , Rukh Gull , Mwinyi Jessica , Schiöth Helgi B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrevious research on autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have showed important volumetric alterations in the cerebellum and brainstem. Most of these studies are however limited to case-control studies with small clinical samples and including mainly children or adolescents. Herein, we aimed to explore the association between the cumulative genetic load (polygenic risk score, PRS) for ASD and volumetric alterations in the cerebellum and brainstem, as well as global brain tissue volumes of the brain among adults at the population level. We utilized the latest genome-wide association study of ASD by the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium (18,381 cases, 27,969 controls) and constructed the ASD PRS in an independent cohort, the UK Biobank. Regression analyses controlled for multiple comparisons with the false-discovery rate (FDR) at 5% were performed to investigate the association between ASD PRS and forty-four brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phenotypes among ~ 31,000 participants. Primary analyses included sixteen MRI phenotypes: total volumes of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), grey matter (GM), white matter (WM), GM of whole cerebellum, brainstem, and ten regions of the cerebellum (I_IV, V, VI, VIIb, VIIIa, VIIIb, IX, X, CrusI and CrusII). Secondary analyses included twenty-eight MRI phenotypes: the sub-regional volumes of cerebellum including the GM of the vermis and both left and right lobules of each cerebellar region. ASD PRS were significantly associated with the volumes of seven brain areas, whereby higher PRS were associated to reduced volumes of the whole brain, WM, brainstem, and cerebellar regions I-IV, IX, and X, and an increased volume of the CSF. Three sub-regional volumes including the left cerebellar lobule I-IV, cerebellar vermes VIIIb, and X were significantly and negatively associated with ASD PRS. The study highlights a substantial connection between susceptibility to ASD, its underlying genetic etiology, and neuroanatomical alterations of the adult brain.
Imaging findings of thoracic manifestations of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis
Authors: Cassius De Linval Quentin , Barat Maxime , Aissaoui Mathilde , Talabard Marie-Pauline , Martin Clémence , Malamut Georgia , Canniff Emma , Soyer Philippe , Revel Marie-Pierre , Chassagnon Guillaume 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Thoracic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are rare, occurring in less than 1% of patients. Unlike most other extra-intestinal manifestations, they predominate in patients with ulcerative colitis rather than in Crohn’s disease. In most patients, thoracic involvement follows the onset of IBD by several years. However, thoracic involvement may also occur synchronously or even precede the onset of digestive symptoms. The thoracic manifestations of IBD include airway involvement and parenchymal lung abnormalities. Airways are the most frequent anatomical site for thoracic involvement in IBD. Airway manifestations usually develop several years after the onset of intestinal manifestations, preferentially when the latter are stable or in remission. Airway manifestations include bronchial wall thickening, bronchiectasis, small airway disease, and tracheal wall thickening. Parenchymal lung abnormalities are less prevalent in IBD and include organizing pneumonia, necrobiotic nodules, noncaseating granulomatous nodules, drug-induced pneumonia, and rarely interstitial lung diseases. The differential diagnosis between organizing pneumonia, necrobiotic nodules, and noncaseating granulomatous nodules is difficult and usually requires histopathological analysis for a definite diagnosis. Radiologists play a key role in the detection of thoracic manifestations of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis and, therefore, need to be familiar with their imaging findings. This article aims to offer an overview of the imaging findings of thoracic manifestations in patients with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.

Critical relevance statement
Thoracic manifestations of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis include tracheal involvement, bronchiectasis, small airway disease, and parenchymal lung abnormalities such as organizing pneumonia and necrobiotic nodules. These rare manifestations (< 1% of patients) more often affect patients with ulcerative colitis.

Key Points

Thoracic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease are rare, occurring in less than 1% of patients.

Thoracic manifestations are more frequent in patients with ulcerative colitis than Crohn’s disease.

Bronchial disease is the most frequent thoracic manifestation of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

Graphical Abstract
Beyond the otoscope: an imaging review of congenital cholesteatoma
Authors: Vangrinsven Guillaume , Bernaerts Anja , Deckers Filip , van Dinther Joost , Zarowski Andrzej , De Foer Bert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Congenital cholesteatoma (CC) is a non-neoplastic lesion of keratin debris lined by epithelium found in the temporal bone. It is the lesser-known sibling of the acquired cholesteatoma and may be classified as congenital middle ear cholesteatoma and congenital petrous bone cholesteatoma. The incidence is rising, probably owing to increased recognition and advances in imaging modalities. Cone beam CT provides detailed anatomical information, highlighting quadrant location, ossicular involvement, and mastoid extension. MRI aids in lesion characterization and detection of complications. The classification systems for congenital middle ear and petrous bone cholesteatoma are helpful in the preoperative workup and have a role in predicting postoperative recurrence rates. Management almost invariably involves surgical intervention aimed at preserving middle and inner ear function. Follow-up of CC is mainly based on MRI together with otoscopic examination. Non-echo planar diffusion-weighted imaging, especially, has proven essential for detecting residual disease. This review article emphasizes the significance of imaging in the timely diagnosis and management of CCs.

Clinical relevance statement
This article underscores the crucial role of imaging for prompt detection, preoperative assessment, and postoperative follow-up of CCs, a condition with rising incidence associated with potentially severe complications.

Key Points

Timely diagnosis of CCs is imperative for avoiding complications.

Imaging is key in detection, preoperative evaluation, and postoperative management.

Cone Beam CT and non-echo planar DWI represent state-of-the-art imaging techniques.

Graphical Abstract
Fasting before contrast-enhanced CT and the incidence of acute adverse reactions: a single-center randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zitan Saidi Laila , Moreira Cabrera Maricela , Góngora Lencina Teresa , Marín Morón Fuensanta , Alarcón Rodríguez Raquel , García González Jessica 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the effect of eliminating the traditional preparatory fasting policy before contrast-enhanced CT on acute adverse reactions and to identify potential risk factors in a Spanish population sample, since many European patients still experience this unnecessary measure in clinical practice.

Methods
Outpatients who underwent non-emergency CT to either 6 h of solid food fasting (control group) or an unrestricted consumption of solids (intervention group). Adverse reactions during contrast media administration and up to 30 min afterward were recorded and their incidence was calculated. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, various patient-related and technical factors were evaluated to identify risk factors for nausea and vomiting.

Results
One thousand one hundred three patients were evaluated, 560 patients in the control group, and 543 patients in the intervention group. Moderate and severe acute adverse reactions were not identified in either group. No statistical difference was found in the overall acute adverse reactions (hypersensitivity and chemotoxicity) incidence between groups (3.21% vs 2.30% p = 0.36). The total incidence of emetic adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting) was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (0.92% vs 2.86% p = 0.02). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that fasting, age, allergies, neurological diseases, and contrast media concentration were independent risk factors for nausea and vomiting.

Conclusion
Unrestricted food intake did not increase the overall incidence of acute adverse reactions and diminished the incidence of nausea and vomiting.

Trial registration
ANZCTR, ACTRN12623000071628. Registered 23 January 2023—retrospectively registered, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=384985&showOriginal=true&isReview=true.

Critical relevance statement
This randomized clinical trial carried out in adults undergoing a non-emergent CT scan demonstrates that fasting as a preparation before a contrast-enhanced CT scan should be discontinued and reserved only for certain specific imaging tests.

Key Points

Despite low osmolar CT contrast media becoming ubiquitous, preparatory fasting is still widely practiced.

The overall incidence of acute adverse reactions was unchanged after abolishing preparative fasting.

Traditional preparatory fasting should be discontinued and reserved only for certain specific imaging tests.

Graphical Abstract
Rates of, and factors associated with, common mental disorders in homeworking UK Government response employees’ during COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey and secondary data analysis
Authors: Hall Charlotte E. , Brooks Samantha K. , Potts Henry W.W , Greenberg Neil , Weston Dale 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionWorking on the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased risk to mental health and wellbeing in multiple occupations and contexts. The current study aimed to provide an insight into the rate of probable mental health problems amongst United Kingdom (UK) Government employees who contributed to the COVID-19 response whilst working from home, and to ascertain what factors and constructs, if any, influence mental health and wellbeing in the sample population.MethodThis paper reports on the findings from two studies completed by UK Government employees. Study 1: A cross-sectional online survey, containing standardised and validated measures of common mental health disorders of staff who actively contributed to the COVID-19 response from their own homes. Binary logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with mental health outcomes. Study 2: A secondary data analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected across three timepoints (May, June, and August) in 2020 focusing on the wellbeing of employees who worked from home during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsStudy 1: 17.9% of participants met the threshold criteria for a probable moderate anxiety disorder, moderate depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Younger, less resilient, less productive individuals, with lower personal wellbeing and less enjoyment of working from home, were more likely to present with poorer mental health. Study 2: Found lower wellbeing was consistently associated with having less opportunities to look after one’s physical and mental health, and having unsupportive line managers and colleagues.ConclusionIt is important to ensure UK Government employees’ psychological needs are met whilst working from home and responding to enhanced incidents. It is recommended that workplaces should be seeking to continually build and improve employee resilience (e.g., through opportunities to increase social ties and support networks), essentially ensuring employees have necessary resources and skills to support themselves and others.