bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Penyakit Penyerta pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe-2 Lanjut Usia di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode Januari 2020 – Januari 2021
Authors: Aulia Salsabila Syafna , Decroli Eva , Nurhayati Nurhayati 
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Proses menua menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas hidup sehingga membuat pasien diabetes mellitus tipe-2 lanjut usia berisiko lebih tinggi memiliki penyakit penyerta.
Objektif: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran penyakit penyerta pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe-2 lanjut usia di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode Januari 2020 – Januari 2021.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa data rekam medis. Ada 65 data yang memenuhi kriteria sampel dan data tersebut diolah, kemudian dianalisis melalui analisis univariat.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa pasien diabetes mellitus tipe-2 lanjut usia paling banyak terdapat pada kelompok umur 60-69 tahun (86,2%) dan jenis kelamin perempuan (55,4%) dengan jumlah penyakit penyerta yang ditemukan pada masing-masing pasien sebanyak 6 penyakit, baik berdasarkan umur dan jenis kelamin. Jenis penyakit penyerta terbanyak yang ditemukan adalah jantung dan pembuluh darah (23,2%), terutama penyakit hipertensi. Kemudian diikuti dengan penyakit infeksi (20,1%), termasuk Covid-19 dan selanjutnya kelainan darah (13,1%).
Kesimpulan: Jenis penyakit penyerta terbanyak yang ditemukan adalah jantung dan pembuluh darah, terutama penyakit hipertensi.
Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus tipe-2, lansia, penyakit penyerta
Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Review
Authors: Elom Hilary A. , Hegazy Yassmin , Lerma Edgar V , Hassanein Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) contributing to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. While liver transplantation (LT) has shown favorable outcomes, early identification and management of AKI is imperative for survival. This review aims to highlight the epidemiology, pathophysiology, management, and prognosis of AKI in CLD.

Methods:
An extensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar to identify literature related to epidemiology, burden, clinical presentations, prognosis, and management of AKI in CLD.

Results:
The identified studies highlighted a wide range of prevalence of AKI in hospitalized patients with CLD. The etiology and pathophysiology are multifactorial and include prerenal AKI, acute tubular injury, sepsis, gastrointestinal bleeding, bacterial translocation from the gut, and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). AKI is associated with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality and progression to chronic kidney disease following LT. Management of AKI in CLD varies based on the underlying etiology. While vasoconstrictors like terlipressin have shown great potential in the treatment of HRS-AKI and is widely used in Europe and United States, LT remains the definitive therapy of choice. In most cases, kidney replacement therapy serves as a bridge to liver transplant.

Conclusion:
AKI is a serious complication of CLD and early identification is essential. Diagnosis and management, particularly HRS is challenging and requires a high index of suspicion. More research is required to identify novel therapies to improve outcomes of AKI in patients with CLD.
Silent Hearing Loss in Kidney Transplant Patients Receiving Tacrolimus: A Fact or a Myth?
Authors: Abdulgalil Ahmed ElSaeed , Elnagdy Ola H. , Elnagdy Noha H. , Nagy Eman 
Published: June 2024

Background:
It has been claimed that tacrolimus may have harmful effects on the auditory system, where it has been linked to ototoxicity and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). We evaluated silent SNHL in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) receiving tacrolimus and the different factors affecting it compared to healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:
In this case control study, hearing functions were studied in 42 KTRs receiving tacrolimus as maintenance immunosuppressive therapy for more than 3 months in comparison to 27 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects using tympanometry, pure-tone audiometry (PTA), extended high frequency audiometry (EHFA), and transient evoked oto-acoustic emissions (TEOAEs). Also, different factors were studied in relation to SNHL.

Results:
PTA showed that 23.8%, 21.4%, and 4.8% had mild, moderate, and severe SNHL, respectively. One-fifth of KTRs had severe SNHL, according to EHFA. According to TEOAEs, 28.6% of KTRs had abnormal hearing. There was a significant positive correlation between the tacrolimus trough levels and the results of both the PTA (P = 0.002) and EHFA (P = 0.035) tests.

Conclusion:
SNHL was detected in about half of the studied KTRs. Silent SNHL in KTRs might be associated with higher tacrolimus trough levels.
Solusi Persamaan Medan Einstein untuk Lubang Hitam Statis dan Bermuatan dengan Potensial Riesz
Authors: Zikri Era , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Azwar Azrul 
Published: June 2024

Lubang hitam adalah objek astronomi dengan perilaku yang menarik untuk dikaji karena efek gravitasinya yang sangat kuat sehingga cahaya tidak bisa lepas dari efek tersebut. Perilaku lubang hitam dapat ditinjau dari parameter seperti massa, muatan listrik total, dan momentum sudutnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan persamaan medan Einstein dengan menyertakan parameter massa dan muatan listrik total dengan potensial Riesz yang merepresentasikan sebuah lubang hitam. Perhitungan dimulai dengan penentuan inversi dari metrik ansatz, simbol Christoffel, tensor dan skalar Ricci, tensor Einstein, tensor kuat medan elektromagnetik, tensor energi-momentum, dan penyelesaian persamaan medan Einstein. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa solusi persamaan medan Einstein bentuk baru yang mengandung parameter s dengan interval dari 0 sampai tak hingga. Untuk nilai s sama dengan 0, solusi persamaan medan Einstein akan tereduksi menjadi solusi lubang hitam Reissner-Nordström, sedangkan untuk nilai s menuju tak hingga, solusi persamaan medan Einstein akan tereduksi menjadi solusi lubang hitam Schwarzschild. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa solusi persamaan Einstein yang diperoleh merupakan generalisasi dari bentuk solusi untuk lubang hitam Reissner-Nordström dan Schwarzschild. Adanya parameter juga dapat menunjukkan evolusi kurvatur ruang-waktu dari metrik Reissner-Nordström ke metrik Schwarzschild.
Justification of a set of measures for forming an institutional environment and a management system for defense industry complex diversification
Authors: Baydarov D. Yu. , Faikov D. Yu. 
Published: June 2024

The wave-like nature of the state defense order confirms the need to diversify the defense enterprises’ activities as a way to improve their sustainability and development, which allows them to maintain the required level of the country’s defense capability and economy mobilization readiness. Diversification into the civilian goods sphere makes it possible to use the defense industry complex competencies and resources to strengthen the country’s technological sovereignty and move towards technological leadership. The purpose of the study is to substantiate a set of measures for forming institutional environment and management system of defense-industrial complex diversification. The article considers the foreign experience of defense industry diversification and identifies the principles of interest for Russian enterprises. The systemic difficulties of defense industry complex diversification of methodological, institutional, organizational, socio-economic nature have been revealed. The fundamental bases for its effective implementation have been substantiated, including institutional conditions formation with a special administrative and legal regime, strategic technology transfer system organization, scientific and technological forecasting and planning system, the creation of a defense-industrial complex diversification three-level management system and a legal framework. The basis for the latter should be the federal law “On Diversification of the Defense Industrial Complex Organizations’ Activities”, and the first step should be the preparation of the Defense Industrial Complex Organizations’ Activities Diversification Concept.
Delivering HIV and TB services amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: a qualitative study of challenges and mitigation strategies
Authors: Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Negara Srila Nirmithya Salita , Wahyuningtias Siska Dian , Mashuri Yusuf Ari , Putra I Wayan Cahyadi Surya Distira , Fardousi Nasser , Ahmad Riris Andono , Boettiger David , Probandari Ari , Subronto Yanri Wijayanti , Wiseman Virginia , Liverani Marco 
Published: June 2024

Background Indonesia has the second-highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) globally and is experiencing one of the fastest-growing HIV epidemics worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted access to essential health services, including those for TB and HIV, due to health system overload, social distancing measures, and negative economic repercussions on the health sector and the population. An in-depth understanding of these challenges and the health system responses to mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic on TB and HIV services is crucial to building health system resilience and preparing for future emergencies. Methods This qualitative study, conducted in two cities in Indonesia, explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB and HIV services including mitigation strategies to sustain the provision of testing and treatment in the midst of the pandemic. Between February and June 2022, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 healthcare workers and 16 clients at nine health centers (puskesmas), three hospitals, and one Community Center for Lung Health in Bandung and Yogyakarta. Themes were identified from transcripts using open and selective coding and then refined. Results Extraordinary measures were implemented in health facilities to sustain TB and HIV service delivery, and prevent the spread of COVID-19, including testing of clients for COVID-19 before receiving medical care, physical distancing when visiting healthcare facilities, revised schedules for medicine dispensing, involvement of community health workers and peers in community outreach activities such as the home delivery of medicines, and the use of telemedicine. Challenges encountered during the implementation of these strategies included medicine stock-outs, health worker overload, lack of sufficient client-provider interaction and technical difficulties when implementing telemedicine, and the risk or fear of exposure to COVID-19 among the community health workers and peers. Conclusions Significant efforts were made to mitigate disruptions to TB and HIV services during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, some challenges were encountered. Key policy recommendations to strengthen pandemic preparedness include investing in local manufacturing and robust drug supply networks to prevent medicine shortages, and supporting community health workers to alleviate workload issues, reduce the risk of disease exposure, and explore the potential for a financial incentive system. Equally vital is the need to invest in staff training and education, as well as implementing user-friendly telemedicine technologies.
The prevalence of skin diseases among the elderly patients applying a tertiary dermatology outpatient clinic: A retrospective analysis of 2400 patients
Authors: ETGÜ Fatma , KASKO ARİCİ Yeliz 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: As the population ages, particular health issues affect this susceptible age group. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, frequency, age, gender, and season-of-year distribution of dermatological disorders among geriatric patients. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective, descriptive study. Skin diseases were categorized into 12 different groups and analyzed according to the age groups, gender, and season of the application. Results: The study included 2431 patients (1203 were female and 1228 were male). The mean age of the patients was 74.02±7.07(65-100) years. For 23.1% of these patients, the problems were acute, and for 76.9%, they were chronic. The ratio of patients with one, two, and more than three complaints was 81.0%, 13.9%, and 5.1%, respectively. The most frequent diagnoses were pruritus (n=424, 17.4%); eczematous dermatitis (n=395, 16.2%); fungal infections (n=372, 15.3%); premalign and malign skin disorders (n=247, 10.2%); bacterial infections (n=147, 6%); viral infections (n=118, 4.9%); papulosquamous diseases (n=95, 3.9%); urticaria and adverse drug reactions (n=96, 3.9%); benign skin tumors (n=79, 3.2%); acneiform disorders (n=40, 1.6%); and vesiculobullous disorders (n=22, 0.9%). Conclusion: The majority of skin diseases among the elderly are not life-threatening, and they are preventable. Knowing the prevalence and distribution of skin diseases seen in the elderly can help prevent these disorders and develop policies for better management of elderly-related health issues. Keywords: Aged; Skin Diseases; Preventive Medicine; Skin Aging.
Educar para el bienestar emocional en tiempos convulsos: un estudio desde la perspectiva de la orientación escolar
Authors: Fernández Tilve María Dolores , Malvar-Méndez M.ª Laura 
Published: June 2024

Las competencias emocionales se han convertido, actualmente, en una poderosa herramienta para el ejercicio de una acción orientadora que persiga unos altos estándares de calidad. Por lo tanto, los profesionales de la orientación cada día son más conscientes de que las emociones juegan un papel determinante en la práctica orientadora. Esto nos ha llevado a emprender un estudio con el objetivo de conocer la opinión de los orientadores/as escolares de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia acerca de la aplicabilidad de las competencias emocionales en su quehacer diario. Un estudio cuantitativo no experimental descriptivo, en el que se ha utilizado una escala de valoración tipo Likert como instrumento para la recogida de información y así acceder de manera rápida y clara a unos datos que nos ayudarían a disponer de un retrato completo sobre el estado de la cuestión. Los datos cuantitativos resultantes proporcionan una valiosa información para conocer las competencias emocionales más efectivas y útiles en la praxis orientadora y así afrontar de manera satisfactoria y favorable el bienestar.
Características epidemiológicas en pacientes con eventos tromboembólicos postpandemia en una institución de salud en Colombia
Authors: Estrada Gonzalez Catalina , Villacrez Mayron , Zuluaga July Andrea , Londoño Juan José , Chávez Vivas Mónica , Lucumí Moreno Armando 
Published: June 2024

Introducción: Los eventos tromboembólicos desarrollan enfermedades cardiovasculares siendo estas la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico de personas con eventos tromboembólicos post pandemia en una institución de salud de nivel III en Colombia. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, con la revisión de 509 historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con eventos tromboembólicos en una Institución de salud de nivel III entre enero de 2021 y diciembre de 2022. Se realizó análisis Univariado para comparar las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, el análisis Bivariado y regresión logística multivariada determinaron la asociación entre los factores de riesgo y las comorbilidades. Resultados: El 57% de los eventos tromboembólicos se presentaron en el sexo Masculino, siendo más prevalente entre los 62 y 83 años, la comorbilidad más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial con un 71%. Entre los factores de riesgo para la presencia de eventos tromboembólicos se encontró que el 9 % de la población presentó SRAS-CoV-2. Los eventos tromboembólicos más significativo encontrados en este estudio fueron de tipo arterial como el accidente cerebrovascular. Conclusión: Los eventos tromboembólicos representan una carga significativa en la salud global. La presencia de SRAS-CoV-2 es un factor de riesgo para desarrollar estos eventos. La identificación temprana de los factores de riesgo, signos y síntomas, permiten el diagnóstico y la intervención oportuna para disminuir las complicaciones y reingresos hospitalarios.
Might patients with cerebellar ataxia benefit from the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation ENvironment (CAREN)? A pilot study focusing on gait and balance
Authors: Bonanno Mirjam , De Pasquale Paolo , De Marchis Cristiano , Lombardo Facciale Antonino , Paladina Giuseppe , Fonti Bartolo , Quartarone Angelo , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Ataxia is a neurological symptom that causes decreased balance, loss of coordination, and gait alterations. Innovative rehabilitation devices like virtual reality (VR) systems can provide task-oriented, repetitive and intensive training with multisensorial feedback, thus promoting neuroplastic processes. Among these VR technologies, the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation ENvironment (CAREN) associates a split belt treadmill on a 6-degrees of freedom platform with a 180° VR screen and a Vicon motion capture system to monitor patients’ movements during training sessions.Methods: Eight patients affected by cerebellar ataxia were enrolled and received 20 sessions of CAREN training in addition to standard rehabilitation treatment. Each patient was evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the study with 3D gait analysis and clinical scales to assess balance, gait function and risk of falls.Results: We found improvements in kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic parameters (as per pre-post- CAREN training), as well as in clinical outcomes, such as balance and risk of falls in ataxic patients. In addition, we found that trunk rotation improved, after CAREN intervention, approximating to the normative values.Discussion: Our results suggested that CAREN might be useful to improve specific biomechanical parameters of gait in ataxic patients.
Assessment of inflammatory suppression and fibroblast infiltration in tissue remodelling by supercritical CO2 acellular dermal matrix (scADM) utilizing Sprague Dawley models
Authors: Ngan Giang Nguyen , Le Linh Thi Thuy , Ngoc Chien Pham , Trinh Thuy-Tien Thi , Thi Nga Pham , Zhang Xin Rui , Jin Yong Xun , Zhou Shu Yi , Han Jeonghun , Nam Sun Young , Heo Chan Yeong 
Published: June 2024

Human skin-derived ECM aids cell functions but can trigger immune reactions; therefore it is addressed through decellularization. Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs), known for their regenerative properties, are used in tissue and organ regeneration. ADMs now play a key role in plastic and reconstructive surgery, enhancing aesthetics and reducing capsular contracture risk. Innovative decellularization with supercritical carbon dioxide preserves ECM quality for clinical use. The study investigated the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and anti-inflammatory properties of supercritical CO2 acellular dermal matrix (scADM) in vivo based on Sprague Dawley rat models. Initial experiments in vitro with fibroblast cells confirmed the non-toxic nature of scADM and demonstrated cell infiltration into scADMs after incubation. Subsequent tests in vitro revealed the ability of scADM to suppress inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) presenting by the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1. In the in vivo model, histological assessment of implanted scADMs in 6 months revealed a decrease in inflammatory cells, confirmed further by the biomarkers of inflammation in immunofluorescence staining. Besides, an increase in fibroblast infiltration and collagen formation was observed in histological staining, which was supported by various biomarkers of fibroblasts. Moreover, the study demonstrated vascularization and macrophage polarization, depicting increased endothelial cell formation. Alteration of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was analyzed by RT-PCR, indicating the reduction of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 levels over time. Simultaneously, an increase in collagen deposition of collagen I and collagen III was observed, verified in immunofluorescent staining, RT-PCR, and western blotting. Overall, the findings suggested that scADMs offer significant benefits in improving outcomes in implant-based procedures as well as soft tissue substitution.
Stochastic Intermittent Control with Uncertainty
Authors: Ma Zhengqi , Jiang Hongyin , Li Chun , Zhang Defei , Liu Xiaoyou 
Published: June 2024

In this article, we delve into the exponential stability of uncertainty systems characterized by stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion, where coefficient uncertainty exists. To stabilize the system when it is unstable, we consider incorporating a delayed stochastic term. By employing linear matrix inequalities (LMI) and Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions, we derive a sufficient condition for stabilization. Our findings demonstrate that an unstable system can be stabilized with a control interval within (θ*,1). Some numerical examples are provided at the end to validate the correctness of our theoretical results.
Planctomycetes of the Genus Singulisphaera Possess Chitinolytic Capabilities
Authors: Ivanova Anastasia A. , Naumoff Daniil G. , Kulichevskaya Irina S. , Rakitin Andrey L. , Mardanov Andrey V. , Ravin Nikolai V. , Dedysh Svetlana N. 
Published: June 2024

Planctomycetes of the genus Singulisphaera are common inhabitants of soils and peatlands. Although described members of this genus are characterized as possessing hydrolytic capabilities, the ability to degrade chitin has not yet been reported for these bacteria. In this study, a novel Singulisphaera representative, strain Ch08, was isolated from a chitinolytic enrichment culture obtained from a boreal fen in Northern European Russia. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of this isolate displayed 98.2% similarity to that of Singulisphaera acidiphila MOB10T. Substrate utilization tests confirmed that strain Ch08 is capable of growth on amorphous chitin. The complete genome of strain Ch08 determined in this study was 10.85 Mb in size and encoded two predicted chitinases, which were only distantly related to each other and affiliated with the glycoside hydrolase family GH18. One of these chitinases had a close homologue in the genome of S. acidiphila MOB10T. The experimental verification of S. acidiphila MOB10T growth on amorphous chitin was also positive. Transcriptome analysis performed with glucose- and chitin-growth cells of strain Ch08 showed upregulation of the predicted chitinase shared by strain Ch08 and S. acidiphila MOB10T. The gene encoding this protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the endochitinase activity of the recombinant enzyme was confirmed. The ability to utilize chitin, a major constituent of fungal cell walls and arthropod exoskeletons, appears to be one of the previously unrecognized ecological functions of Singulisphaera-like planctomycetes.