bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C1q‐tumour necrosis factor‐related protein 8 (CTRP8) is a novel interaction partner of relaxin receptor RXFP1 in human brain cancer cells
Authors: Glogowska Aleksandra , Kunanuvat Usakorn , Stetefeld Jörg , Patel Trushar R , Thanasupawat Thatchawan , Krcek Jerry , Weber Ekkehard , Wong G William , Del Bigio Marc R , Hoang‐Vu Cuong , Hombach‐Klonisch Sabine , Klonisch Thomas 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe report a novel ligand–receptor system composed of the leucine‐rich G‐protein‐coupled relaxin receptor, RXFP1, and the C1q‐tumour necrosis factor‐related protein 8 (CTRP8) in human primary brain cancer, a tumour entity devoid of the classical RXFP1 ligands, RLN1–3. In structural homology studies and computational docking experiments we delineated the N‐terminal region of the globular C1q region of CTRP8 and the leucine‐rich repeat units 7 and 8 of RXFP1 to mediate this new ligand–receptor interaction. CTRP8 secreted from HEK293T cells, recombinant human (rh) CTRP8, and short synthetic peptides derived from the C1q globular domain of human CTRP8 caused the activation of RXFP1 as determined by elevated intracellular cAMP levels and the induction of a marked pro‐migratory phenotype in established glioblastoma (GB) cell lines and primary cells from GB patients. Employing a small competitor peptide, we were able to disrupt the CTRP8–RXFP1‐induced increased GB motility. The CTRP8–RXFP1‐mediated migration in GB cells involves the activation of PI3K and specific protein kinase C pathways and the increased production/secretion of the potent lysosomal protease cathepsin B (cathB), a known prognostic marker of GB. Specific inhibition of CTRP8‐induced cathB activity effectively blocked the ability of primary GB to invade laminin matrices. Finally, co‐immunoprecipitation studies revealed the direct interaction of human CTRP8 with RXFP1. Our results support a therapeutic approach in GB aimed at targeting multiple steps of the CTRP8–RXFP1 signalling pathway by a combined inhibitor and peptide‐based strategy to block GB dissemination within the brain. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Counseling for prenatal diagnosis and termination of pregnancy due to thalassemia major: a survey of health care workers' practices in Malaysia
Authors: Ngim C. F. , Lai N. M. , Ibrahim H. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveGenetic counseling for thalassemia carriers is conducted by nongeneticist health care workers (HCWs) in many countries. The aim of the study was to assess Malaysian HCWs' genetic counseling practices with regards to discussing prenatal diagnosis (PND) and termination of pregnancy (TOP) when counseling thalassemia carriers.MethodA total of 118 Malaysian HCWs (52 doctors and 66 nurses) completed a structured questionnaire that enquired if they would discuss PND and TOP when counseling couples with thalassemia traits, and reasons for their responses were explored.ResultsAll the nurses and 50 (96.1%) doctors were in favor of discussing PND. Only 29 (58%) doctors and 33 (50%) nurses were agreeable to discuss about the option of TOP. Main reasons given for declining to discuss TOP were views that “the condition was not serious enough” (54.9%), TOP is not permissible by their religion (17.6%) and abortion for this indication was illegal (13.7%).ConclusionThe results showed that HCWs in Malaysia lacked the comprehensive information and necessary skills required when counseling thalassemia carriers. When nongeneticist HCWs are tasked with such responsibilities, their practices and attitudes should be regularly evaluated so that areas of deficiencies could be identified and addressed. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elastic properties of fcc crystals of polydisperse soft spheres
Authors: Tretiakov Konstantin V. , Wojciechowski Krzysztof W. 
Published: September 2013

Elastic properties of fcc phases of soft polydisperse spheres, interacting through inverse‐power pair potentials , where r is the distance between sphere centers, have been studied by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations in the NpT ensemble with variable shape of the box. The simulations show that both the size polydispersity and temperature T strongly influence the elastic properties of the studied system, including Poisson's ratio. Poisson's ratio is found to be negative and decreases with increase of temperature and size polydispersity in the direction. Hence, the system is partially auxetic. Additionally, the obtained results indicate that wide range of Poisson's ratio values (from to ) can be obtained by changing the polydispersity, the potential softness and direction.Poisson's ratio in and directions for polydisperse soft spheres with and dimensionless pressure versus dimensionless temperature.
ENSO influence on QBO modulations of the tropical tropopause
Authors: Yuan Wei , Geller Marvin A. , Love Peter T. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe examine the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) modulation of the cold‐point tropopause (CPT) temperatures. An analysis of approximately five decades (in most cases 1950s to near‐present) of radiosonde data from 10 near‐equatorial stations, distributed along the Equator, shows that the ENSO influence on the QBO is quite zonally symmetric. At all stations analyzed, the QBO has larger amplitude and longer period during La Niña conditions than during El Niño over this total period. We also show that as a consequence of the ENSO influences on QBO periods and amplitudes, the differences between the warmer CPT temperatures during QBO westerly shear conditions and colder temperatures during QBO easterly shear conditions are larger during La Niña than during El Niño for all stations for the entire period considered here. This strengthens earlier findings that the greatest dehydration of air entering the stratosphere from the troposphere occurs during the winter under La Niña and easterly QBO conditions. In addition, stratosphere/troposphere wind and temperature profiles are derived to establish the degree of QBO downward penetration necessary to influence zonal winds and temperatures in the upper troposphere.
Implementing an embedded compiler using program transformation rules
Authors: Bissyandé Tegawendé F. , Réveillère Laurent , Lawall Julia L. , Bromberg Yérom‐David , Muller Gilles 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYDomain‐specific languages (DSLs) are well‐recognized to ease programming and improve robustness for a specific domain, by providing high‐level domain‐specific notations and checks of domain‐specific properties. The compiler of a DSL, however, is often difficult to develop and maintain, because of the need to define a specific treatment for a large and potentially increasing number of language constructs. To address this issue, we propose an approach for specifying a DSL compiler using control‐flow sensitive concrete‐syntax based matching rules. These rules either collect information about the source code to carry out checks or perform transformations to carry out compilation. Because rules only mention the relevant constructs, using their concrete syntax, and hide the complexity of control‐flow graph traversal, it is easy to understand the purpose of each rule. Furthermore, new compilation steps can be added using only a small number of lines of code. We explore this approach in the context of the z2z DSL for network gateway development and show that it is beneficial to implement the core of its compiler in this manner.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semiquantitative classification of ductus venosus blood flow patterns
Authors: Turan O. M. , Turan S. , Sanapo L. , Rosenbloom J. I. , Baschat A. A. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo identify the range of waveform abnormalities in the ductus venosus (DV) characterized by their timing in the cardiac cycle and to evaluate if they can be categorized into distinct patterns.MethodsDV velocity ratios were calculated from peak velocities during ventricular systole (S), end‐systolic ventricular relaxation (v), early diastole (D) and atrial systole (a) (S/v, S/D, v/D, S/a, v/a and D/a ratios). The ratios were converted to their Z‐scores and elevation > 2 SD was assigned as abnormal. Combinations of ratio abnormalities were grouped to define distinct waveform patterns and their distribution was related to the clinical presentation.ResultsFive‐hundred and forty‐two abnormal DV waveforms fell into three principal patterns. In Pattern 1 only the a‐wave‐related ratios were abnormal (180, 33.2%), in Pattern 2 the v/D ratio was abnormal (143, 26.3%) and in Pattern 3 combinations of a‐wave abnormalities in the presence of a normal v/D ratio were normal (94, 17.3%).ConclusionsInterpretation of venous waveform patterns is complex because the multiphasic waveforms reflect events in the cardiac cycle that may be differentially affected by clinical pathology. We sought to present a classification for the DV flow profile that characterizes abnormal flow confined to atrial systole and occurs during ventricular relaxation or during holodiastole. Further research is warranted to determine the significance of these patterns in specific fetal conditions. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Transition Metal Complexes Containing Dihydrogen Hypodiphosphate in Eclipsed Conformation as Ligand: Preparation, Crystal Structure, Vibrational Spectra, and Thermal Behavior of K2[M(H2P2O6)2(H2O)2]·H2O (M = Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn)
Authors: Gjikaj Mimoza , Wu Peng 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe transition metal dihydrogen hypodiphosphate hydrates K2[Co(H2P2O6)2(H2O)2]·H2O (1), K2[Ni(H2P2O6)2(H2O)2]·H2O (2), K2[Cu(H2P2O6)2(H2O)2]·H2O (3) and K2[Zn(H2P2O6)2(H2O)2]·H2O (4) were synthesized and characterized by single crystal structure determination. The compounds 1–4 crystallize isotypic in the monoclinic space group C2/m (no. 12) with two formula units in the unit cell. The crystal structure is built up by [H2P2O6]2– units in an eclipsed conformation, by the corresponding transition metal, potassium cations, and water molecules. The eclipsed conformation of the [H2P2O6]2– has not been previously observed in none of known hypodiphosphates(IV) analyzed via X‐ray diffraction. However, its proposed based on spectroscopic methods. FT‐IR/FIR and FT‐Raman spectra of the crystalline salts were recorded and the thermal behavior of the compounds was investigated.
On Ammonium‐bis(dithiocarbamato)‐copper(I)‐monohydrate and Mono(dithiocarbamato)‐copper(I)
Authors: Teske Christoph L. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAbstract.The title compounds NH4[Cu(S2CNH2)2]·H2O (A) and CuS2CNH2(B) were prepared from aqueous alcoholic solutions by reaction of ammoniumdithiocarbamate with copper sulfate in presence of excess cyanide as reductive. (A) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space groupC2221(No. 20) witha= 8.9518(6),b= 9.6414(6) andc= 10.6176(8) Å,Z= 4. (B) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space groupP212121(No. 19) witha= 5.9533(4),b= 6.6276(4) andc= 9.4834(5) Å,Z= 4. In the crystal structure of (A) copper has a tetrahedral surrounding of four monodentate dithiocarbamate ligands. These structural units form 2D nets stacked along [001]. Staggered chains consisting of H2O and NH4+penetrate the crystal structure along [001] yielding additional coherence via hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure of (B) comprises a three‐dimensional tetrahedral framework of CuS4units exclusively linked by vertices. The arrangement is reminiscent of a filledβ‐cristobalite structure with the dithiocarbamate ligands extending into the hollow spaces. Thermal decomposition precedes stepwise finally giving Cu2S in each case.
Effects of Cation Site Substitutions on the Thermoelectric Performance of Layered SnBi2Te4 utilizing the Triel Elements Ga, In, and Tl
Authors: Kuropatwa Bryan A. , Assoud Abdeljalil , Kleinke Holger 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA thorough study on the thermoelectric potential of the layered compound SnBi2Te4 is presented. Phase range studies on SnBi2Te4, unit cell parameters by powder X‐ray diffraction, and electronic structure calculations (both LDA and GGA functional) were performed. Physical property measurements regarding substitution of tin and bismuth with the triel (Tr = Ga, In, Tl) elements are presented towards the improvement of thermoelectric properties, according to TrxSn1–xBi2Te4 and TrxSnBi2–xTe4. The range of inclusion was generally over 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.15 to monitor compound changes as well as phase purity limits. Seebeck coefficient, S, electrical conductivity, σ, and thermal conductivity, κ, were measured, yielding the dimensionless Figure of merit, ZT, data over a temperature range between 300 K and 680 K. Results of partial replacements of tin and bismuth are compared and reported. ZTmax values range from 0.10 to 0.34 depending on the dopant, achieved at temperatures from 355 K to 420 K.
Two Coordination Polymers based on a Carboxylate‐­functionalized Imidazophenanthroline Derivative Ligand and Phthalic Acid: Syntheses, Structures and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Wang Jing , Bao Qiao‐Hong , Hu Huai‐Ming , Liu Bin , Chen Qing , Yang Zhen‐Hua , Xue Gang‐Lin 
Published: September 2013

AbstractTwo coordination polymers, [Co2(Hcpip)2(phth)]n·3n(H2O) (1) and [Mn2(Hcpip)2(phth)]n (2), {H2cpip = 2‐(2‐carboxyphenyl)imidazo[4,5‐f](1,10)‐ phenanthroline, H2phth = phthalic acid}, were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a 1D chain, in which the dinuclear [Co2(Hcpip)2]2+ units are linked through (phth)2– anions. Complex 2 is a 2D layer structure, which is constructed from the 1D chains bridged by (phth)2– anions. The magnetic properties of 1 and 2 show that the weak ferromagnetic interactions occurred between CoII ions in 1 and a weak antiferromagnetic interactions exist between MnII ions in 2. These two complexes have good thermal stabilities.
Zn3 and Ga3 Triangles as Building Units in Sr2Au6Zn3 and Sr2Au6Ga3
Authors: Gerke Birgit , Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe intermetallic compounds Sr2Au6.52Zn2.48, Sr2Au6Zn3, and Sr2Au6Ga3 were obtained by induction melting of the elements in sealed tantalum tubes. Their structures were studied by X‐ray diffraction on powders and refined from single crystal diffraction data: R$\bar{3}$c, a = 844.5(2), c = 2187.7(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0411, 936 F2 values and 20 variables for Sr2Au6.52Zn2.48; a = 841.6(2), c = 2191.5(7) pm, wR2 = 0.0126, 587 F2 values and 19 variables for Sr2Au6Zn3; and a = 841.9(2), c = 2191.1(7) pm, wR2 = 0.0199, 660 F2 values and 19 variables for Sr2Au6Ga3. The gold substructures of Sr2Au6Zn3 and Sr2Au6Ga3 can be considered as diamond polytypes with 6R stacking sequences (287–304 pm Au–Au in Sr2Au6Zn3). The cavities formed by this network are filled in an ordered manner by strontium atoms and Zn3 (281 pm Zn–Zn), respectively Ga3 (286 pm Ga–Ga) triangles in a 2:1 ratio. Consequently one can describe the Sr2Au6Zn3 and Sr2Au6Ga3 structures as ordered substitution variants of the Zintl phase CaIn2. This structural relationship is discussed on the basis of a group‐subgroup Scheme. Sr2Au6.52Zn2.48 shows Zn/Au mixing on the triangle.
Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescent Property of the Templated Borate [C9H14N]·[B5O6(OH)4]
Authors: Pan Chun‐Yang , Zhong Li‐Juan , Lu Jing , Li Da‐Guang , Zhao Feng‐Hua , Yang Hong‐Mei 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe templated borate, [C9H14N]·[B5O6(OH)4], was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction techonology reveals that it crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P$\bar{1}$ (No. 2). The material was also characterized by element analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG‐DTA), and luminescence spectroscopy. The compound consisted of isolated pentaborate [B5O6(OH)4]– and N‐butylpyridinium cations [C9H14N]+. The [B5O6(OH)4]– anions are connected together by hydrogen bonds to form a three‐dimensional framework, in which [C9H14N]+ cations are located in. [C9H14N]·[B5O6(OH)4] exhibits tunable luminescence emission at 415–458 nm by means of heating treatment from 100 to 300 °C.
Dispersion of torsional surface waves in anisotropic layer over porous half space under gravity
Authors: Chattaraj R. , Samal S.K. , Debasis S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this paper an attempt has been made to derive the frequency equation of torsional surface waves in initially stressed fiber reinforced layer lying over fluid saturated anisotropic porous half space under gravity. The dispersion equation has been obtained in terms of Whittaker function and its derivatives, which further expanded asymptotically and retain the terms upto second degree. The analysis of frequency equation bear out the pronounced effect of initial stress, transverse and longitudinal rigidity of reinforced material, gravity and porosity of the porous half space on the propagation of torsional surface waves. Moreover, it can be noted that in the absence of initial stress, reinforcement parameters, gravity and porosity, the frequency equation of torsional surface waves reduces to dispersion equation of Love waves in isotropic layer. This ensures the classical result that torsional surface waves do not propagate through isotropic homogeneous medium.
Destabilization of a viscoelastic tectonic plate by wind stress
Authors: Brevdo L. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA characterization of the responses of the Earth's crust to external perturbations is of fundamental importance for the estimation of seismograms as well as for the prediction of earthquakes. One set of such external perturbations are perturbations of the upper surface of tectonic plates either by wind stress or, for oceanic plates, by oceanic currents. In this paper, we extend the linear stability analysis of the Earth's crust in Brevdo [12] to studying destabilization of a model of a tectonic plate by wind stress. A plate of the Earth's crust is modelled as a horizontally homogeneous, vertically stratified, linearly visco‐elastic waveguide of finite thickness and infinite horizontal extension rigidly attached to a solid half‐space underneath it. Hooke's law extended by the Kelvin‐Voigt damping model is assumed for the description of the visco‐elastic properties of the plate. The upper free surface of the plate is supposed to be subjected to a constant wind stress. We apply an energy‐type method to the normal‐mode stability equations to show that a visco‐elastic tectonic plate is destabilized by wind stress of a given strength provided that the internal friction damping in the plate is sufficiently low.
Changes in synaptic efficacy in rat brain slices following extremely low‐frequency magnetic field exposure at embryonic and early postnatal age
Authors: Balassa Tímea , Varró Petra , Elek Szilvia , Drozdovszky Orsolya , Szemerszky Renáta , Világi Ildikó , Bárdos György 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAn earlier study demonstrated changes in synaptic efficacy and seizure susceptibility in adult rat brain slices following extremely low‐frequency magnetic field (ELF‐MF) exposure. The developing embryonic and early postnatal brain may be even more sensitive to MF exposure. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a long‐term ELF‐MF (0.5 and 3 mT, 50 Hz) exposure on synaptic functions in the developing brain. Rats were treated with chronic exposure to MF during two critical periods of brain development, i.e. in utero during the second gestation week or as newborns for 7 days starting 3 days after birth, respectively. Excitability and plasticity of neocortical and hippocampal areas were tested on brain slices by analyzing extracellular evoked field potentials. We demonstrated that the basic excitability of hippocampal slices (measured as amplitude of population spikes) was increased by both types of treatment (fetal 0.5 mT, newborn 3 mT). Neocortical slices seemed to be responsive mostly to the newborn treatment, the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials was increased. Fetal ELF‐MF exposure significantly inhibited the paired‐pulse depression (PPD) and there was a significant decrease in the efficacy of LTP (long‐term potentiation induction) in neocortex, but not in hippocampus. On the other hand, neonatal treatment had no significant effect on plasticity phenomena. Results demonstrated that ELF‐MF has significant effects on basic neuronal functions and synaptic plasticity in brain slice preparations originating from rats exposed either in fetal or in newborn period.
Does sovereign risk matter? New evidence from eurozone corporate bond ratings and zero‐volatility spreads
Authors: Klein Christian , Stellner Christoph 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we empirically examine if sovereign risk matters for corporate bonds in developed economies. Using a unique panel data sample of 897 corporate bonds from eleven countries within the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), we investigate sovereign and corporate ratings as well as zero‐volatility spreads (z‐spreads). In the time period from March 2006 to June 2012, we find sovereign risk to be a significant driver of corporate risk. The effect is stronger for companies with domestic revenue structure, for companies that are (partly) owned by the government, and companies active in the utility and transportation sector. Interestingly, the impact of sovereign risk on corporate risk during the acute European sovereign debt crisis period decreases if ratings are examined, but increases if z‐spreads are utilized. Rating agencies seem to take a more differentiated view on individual company risk during the sovereign debt crisis, while institutional investors might want to reduce their exposure to a country in financial distress as a whole, regardless of whether sovereign or corporate bonds are held.
Evolution of a stratified rotating shear layer with horizontal shear. Part 2. Nonlinear evolution
Authors: Arobone Eric , Sarkar Sutanu 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDirect numerical simulation is used to investigate the nonlinear evolution of a horizontally oriented mixing layer with uniform stable stratification and coordinate system rotation about the vertical axis. The important dimensional parameters governing inviscid dynamics are maximum shear $S(t)$, buoyancy frequency $N$, angular velocity of rotation $\Omega $ and characteristic shear thickness $L(t)$. The effect of rotation rate, $\Omega $, on the development of fluctuations in the shear layer is systematically studied in a regime of strong stratification. An instability mechanism, qualitatively distinct from the inertial instability, is found to deform columnar vortex cores in vertical planes for a strongly stratified rotating mixing layer. This mechanism emerges when centreline absolute vertical vorticity, $\langle {\omega }_{3} \rangle (t)+ 2\Omega $, is nearly zero as predicted by the linear stability analysis in Part 1 (J. Fluid. Mech., vol. 703, 2012, pp. 29–48). When the initial rotation rate is moderately anticyclonic, strong destabilization and a cascade to small scales is observed, consistent with prior studies involving horizontally sheared flow in the presence of rotation. Examination of enstrophy budgets in cases which are initially inertially unstable reveal the importance of baroclinic torque in maintaining lateral enstrophy fluctuations substantially beyond the time when the flow becomes inertially stable. The cyclonic stratified cases show weak nonlinearity in vortex dynamics. At high Reynolds number, despite the strong stratification, the flow exhibits three-dimensional, nonlinear dynamics and significant vertical mixing except for cases where the rotation is stabilizing.
‘ON THE POSITIVITY OF RIEMANN–STIELTJES INTEGRALS’
Authors: LUKKARINEN JANI , PAKKANEN MIKKO S. 
Published: September 2013

We correct two minor errors in Theorem 2.1 of Lukkarinen and Pakkanen [‘On the positivity of Riemann–Stieltjes integrals’, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 87 (2013), 400–405].