bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk assessment for Puccinia psidii becoming established in South Africa
Authors: Roux J. , Germishuizen I. , Nadel R. , Lee D. J. , Wingfield M. J. , Pegg G. S. 
Published: April 2015

Puccinia psidii, the causal agent of myrtle rust, was first recorded from Latin America more than 100 years ago. It occurs on many native species of Myrtaceae in Latin America and also infects non‐native plantation‐grown Eucalyptus species in the region. The pathogen has gradually spread to new areas including Australia and most recently South Africa. The aim of this study was to consider the susceptibility of selected Eucalyptus genotypes, particularly those of interest to South African forestry, to infection by P. psidii. In addition, risk maps were compiled based on suitable climatic conditions and the occurrence of potential susceptible tree species. This made it possible to identify the season when P. psidii would be most likely to infect and to define the geographic areas where the rust disease would be most likely to establish in South Africa. As expected, variation in susceptibility was observed between eucalypt genotypes tested. Importantly, species commonly planted in South Africa show good potential for yielding disease‐tolerant material for future planting. Myrtle rust is predicted to be more common in spring and summer. Coastal areas, as well as areas in South Africa with subtropical climates, are more conducive to outbreaks of the pathogen.
Female sex of older patients is an independent risk factor for red blood cell alloimmunization after transfusion
Authors: Verduin Esther P. , Brand Anneke , Middelburg Rutger A. , Schonewille Henk 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundMore women than men are encountered with red blood cell (RBC) antibodies. It is not clear whether this difference is explained by more immunizing events in women or by a different acting immune system. To assess whether there is a difference in the posttransfusion RBC alloimmunization rate between women and men, a study on RBC alloimmunization during a 5‐year period was conducted in patients with at least one antibody follow‐up more than 14 days after transfusion.Study design and methodsData on transfusion and antibody follow‐up characteristics in female and male transfusion recipients from the Leiden University Medical Center laboratory database were collected. Hazard ratios of alloimmunization, according to sex of the transfusion recipient, were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models taking possible confounders into account.ResultsFrom a total of 1699 women and 1969 men who were eligible, 4.2% of women and 3.4% of men (relative risk, 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9‐1.8) developed posttransfusion antibodies. Adjustment for confounders resulted in a relative 80% higher risk in women older than 45 years of age.ConclusionElder women beyond childbearing age have a higher risk of posttransfusion antibody formation compared to men.
miRSNP-Based Approach Identifies a miRNA That Regulates Prostate-Specific Antigen in an Allele-Specific Manner
Authors: Yousef George M. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Summary: A recent study identified genetic variations within the miRNA response elements of miRNA target genes (miRSNP) that can affect the base paring between miRNAs and their targets, and hence alter miRNA–target interactions. The authors also undertook functional validation studies and were able to demonstrate that overexpression of miR-3162-5p resulted in a 20% decrease in expression of the KLK3 rs1058205 SNP T-allele. Cancer Discov; 5(4); 351–2. ©2015 AACR.
See related article by Stegeman et al., p. 368
Paralog-Specific Kinase Inhibition of FGFR4: Adding to the Arsenal of Anti-FGFR Agents
Authors: Packer Leisl M. , Pollock Pamela M. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Summary: In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Hagel and colleagues report the design and the in vitro and in vivo activity of a novel, irreversible, paralog-specific kinase inhibitor of FGFR4, BLU9931. This compound binds covalently to a cysteine residue in the hinge region of FGFR4 but not in FGFR1–3. BLU9931 induces tumor shrinkage in hepatocellular carcinoma models that express a functioning ligand/receptor complex consisting of FGF19/FGFR4/KLB and adds to a growing list of anti-FGFR4 agents. Cancer Discov; 5(4); 355–7. ©2015 AACR.
See related article by Hagel et al., p. 424
The Emerging Understanding of Myeloid Cells as Partners and Targets in Tumor Rejection
Authors: Broz Miranda L. , Krummel Matthew F. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMyeloid cells are the most prominent among cells capable of presenting tumor-derived antigens to T cells and thereby maintaining the latter in an activated state. Myeloid populations of the tumor microenvironment prominently include monocytes and neutrophils (sometimes loosely grouped as myeloid-derived suppressor cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. Although intratumoral myeloid populations, as a whole, have long been considered nonstimulatory or suppressive, it has only recently been appreciated that not all tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells are made equal. Because of advances in high-dimensional flow cytometry as well as more robust transcriptional profiling, we now also understand that the subsets of the tumor-myeloid compartment are far more diverse and notably even contain a rare population of stimulatory dendritic cells. As all of these myeloid populations represent major T-cell–interacting partners for incoming tumor-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes, understanding the distinctions in their lineage and function reveals and guides numerous therapeutic avenues targeting these antigen-presenting cells. In this Cancer Immunology at the Crossroads overview, we review the recent progress in this rapidly evolving field and advance the hypothesis that the antigen-presenting compartment within tumor microenvironments may contain significant numbers of potent allies to be leveraged for immune-based tumor clearance. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(4); 313–9. ©2015 AACR.
Seasonal SSH Variability of the Northern South China Sea
Authors: Xu Fang-Hua , Oey Lie-Yauw 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe seasonal response of sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) to wind stress curl (WSC) in the northern South China Sea (NSCS) and the Kuroshio intrusion through the Luzon Strait is analyzed using observations and models. The dominant response to WSC is through simple Ekman pumping, while effects of β appear as the weaker second empirical orthogonal function mode. The Luzon Strait intrusion is shown to be largely deterministic using a model forced by realistic wind in the North Pacific Ocean, and it contributes significantly to the SSH variability in the NSCS. The WSC accounts for 62%, while intrusion 38% of the total forcing, but the latter alters the forced Rossby wave response. Without the intrusion, westward propagation is too fast, resulting in incorrect balance and erroneous annual SSH variability in the NSCS.
The Evolution of Dropsonde-Derived Kinematic and Thermodynamic Structures in Developing and Nondeveloping Atlantic Tropical Convective Systems
Authors: Helms Charles N. , Hart Robert E. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The processes by which tropical cyclones evolve from loosely organized convective clusters are still poorly understood. Because of the data-sparse regions in which tropical cyclones form, observational studies of tropical cyclogenesis are often more difficult than studies of land-based convective phenomena. As a result, many studies of tropical cyclogenesis are limited to either a few case studies or rely on simulations. The 2010 PREDICT and GRIP field experiments have provided a new opportunity to gain insight into these processes using unusually dense observations in both time and space.
The present study aims at using these recent datasets to perform a detailed analysis of the three-dimensional evolution of both kinematic and thermodynamic fields in both developing and nondeveloping tropical convective systems in the western Atlantic. Five tropical convective systems are analyzed in this study: two nondeveloping, two developing, and one dissipating system. Although the analysis necessarily includes only a very limited number of cases, the results suggest that the convectively active nondeveloping systems and developing systems examined here have similar kinematic structures. The most notable difference is the distribution of humidity and the impacts this distribution has on the thermodynamics of the system. Displacements between the upper-level warm anomaly, responsible for midlevel vorticity generation, and the midlevel vorticity maximum are observed in both developing and nondeveloping cases. In the nondeveloping case the displacement appears to be caused by mid- and upper-level dry air. Further work is needed to fully understand the cause of these displacements and their relation to tropical cyclogenesis.
Multifactor uncertain differential equation
Authors: Li Shengguo , Peng Jin , Zhang Bo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis paper proposes a type of multifactor uncertain differential equation within the framework of uncertainty theory. The analytic solutions of four special types of multifactor uncertain differential equations are first discussed. Then, a numerical method for solving general multifactor uncertain differential equation is presented. Finally, under the Lipschitz condition and linear growth condition, it is proved that the multifactor uncertain differential equation has a unique solution.
Depressão no Idoso
Authors: Braga Irineide Beserra , Santana Renata Cosme , Ferreira Débora Maria Gonçalves 
Published: April 2015

<p>O aumento da população de pessoas idosas é um fenômeno mundial. Apesar de sua relevância, a depressão é uma morbidade de difícil mensuração, isso se deve ao fato de que o quadro depressivo é composto de sintomas que traduzem estados de sentimentos que diferem acentuadamente em grau e, algumas vezes, em espécie. O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a depressão no idoso. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Bireme, utilizando-se depressão<em>, depressão no idoso, e doenças do envelhecimento </em>como palavras-chave nos idiomas inglês e português, bem como livros clássicos pertinentes à temática, como forma de delimitar a busca. As desordens do humor podem ser causadas ou exacerbadas pela presença de transtorno cerebral ou físico e pelo uso de substancias químicas. A depressão de inicio tardio está fortemente associada com desordens demenciais, podendo ser um preditor ou fator causal para demência subseqüente. Sabe-se, entretanto, que as síndromes depressivas do idoso são heterogeneas.</p>
Longevidade pós-colheita de Zingiber spectabile Griff
Authors: MORAES DIAS GLÁUCIA , FERREIRA DE CASTRO CARLOS EDUARDO 
Published: March 2015

<p>É crescente a exportação de flores tropicais no Brasil, por apresentarem um grande número de espécies exóticas, diversidade nas suas formas e cores, em adição à sua grande durabilidade pós-colheita. Entre essas está o gengibre ornamental (<em>Zingiber</em><em> spectabile</em>), sobre o qual são escassas as informações de quais fatores influenciam sua longevidade. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: caracterizar fisicamente esta espécie, verificar a possibilidade do uso de solução de condicionamento, pulverização com cera e citocinina na pós-colheita de gengibre e o uso de armazenamento a baixas temperaturas. Visando a prolongar a durabilidade comercial das inflorescências do gengibre ornamental, foram testadas soluções de condicionamento contendo 2, 4, 8, 16 e 32% de sacarose, aspersões com cera de carnaúba da marca Aruá (18% de sólidos solúveis) e com solução aquosa de 200 mg.L-1 de 6BA (6 benzilamino-purina). O armazenamento foi feito a 10, 13 e 18ºC. Os resultados obtidos quanto à caracterização física foram utilizados na padronização da espécie Analisando todos os resultados, conclui-se que o gengibre ornamental não necessita de nenhum tratamento pós-colheita, devendo simplesmente ser mantido em água limpa depois de colhido. </p>
Doses de solução nutritiva para fertirrigação de pimentas ornamentais cultivadas em vasos
Authors: Barbosa José Geraldo , Muniz Moises Alves , Mesquita Daniel Zimmermann , Cota Filipe De Oliveira , Barbosa Janaina Miranda , Mapeli Ana Maria , Pinto Cleide Maria Ferreira , Finger Fernando Luiz 
Published: March 2015

<p>As pimentas, além da diversidade de folhagem, forma e porte, produzem frutos de cores exuberantes com diferentes tamanhos e grau de maturação, conferindo beleza e extensa vida de uso tanto ornamental quanto alimentício, uma vez que o efeito dos frutos persiste por vários meses, mostrando grande potencial de seu cultivo como planta de vaso. Embora tenha ocorrido evolução na comercialização de pimentas ornamentais, há inúmeros fatores que interferem na produção, destacando-se a qualidade da planta, tamanho do recipiente, controle sobre o crescimento, bem como necessidades hídricas e nutricionais, exigindo mais estudos sobre adubação, irrigação e fertirrigação. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de genótipos de pimentas ornamentais (Capsicum annuum) cultivadas em vaso, sob diferentes concentrações de solução nutritiva. Para isso, foi conduzido experimento em casa de vegetação, utilizando 7 genótipos (Bico, Olho de peixe, MG 302, Fafá, Roxa, Nande e Dinha), cultivados em vasos fertirrigados com solução<br />nutritiva (14,4 mmol/L de N; 1,95 mmol/L de P; 12,92 mmol/L de K; 2,5 mmol/L de Ca; 1,0 de Mg e 2,44 mmol/L de S além de 30 mmol/L de B; 5 mmol/L de Cu; 50 mmol/L de Fe; 40 mmol/L de Mn; 2 mmol/L de Zn e 0,1 mmol/L de Mo) nas concentrações de 50, 100 e 150%. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas, sendo os genótipos de pimenta dispostos nas parcelas e as soluções nutritivas (50%, 100% e 150%) nas subparcelas, com 4 repetições. A produção de frutos foi mais elevada nos genótipos MG 302 e Dinha, quando submetidos à concentração de 150%, enquanto maior altura das plantas ocorreu em MG 302, Bico e Malagueta. A solução nutritiva mais concentrada proporcionou melhor performance das plantas e produção de matéria fresca dos frutos, podendo ser indicada para o cultivo dos genótipos de pimentas ornamentais avaliados.</p>
Propagação vegetativa de Peltodon rugosus por meio de xilopódios
Authors: Martini Angeline , Biondi Daniela , Natal Camila Maria , Leal Luciana 
Published: March 2015

<p>Peltodon rugosus Tolm. (Lamiaceae), espécie herbácea nativa do Brasil, pertencente ao ecossistema de Campos, apresenta grande potencial ornamental. Para viabilizar seu uso no mercado, o presente estudo teve como objetivo testar a propagação vegetativa de Peltodon rugosus em diferentes estações do ano. As matrizes para os experimentos foram coletadas no Campus III da Universidade<br />Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, nos meses de fevereiro, junho, agosto e dezembro de 2008. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com quatro estações do ano e duas secções do xilopódio (com folha e sem folha). Como leito de enraizamento foi utilizada uma bandeja de plástico branco (50 cm x 35 cm 10 cm) preenchida<br />com vermiculita. Esse recipiente foi mantido em ripado, coberto com sombrite 50% e umedecido com regador diariamente até a saturação de umidade no substrato. A avaliação ocorreu 90 dias após o plantio e as variáveis analisadas foram: percentagem de xilopódios enraizados, vivos e mortos; número de raízes por xilopódio; número e comprimento das brotações em cada xilopódio.<br />A análise estatística foi feita pelo teste SNK a 95% de probabilidade. Considerou-se que a porção do xilopódio, com ou sem folha,<br />não é um fator que afeta esta forma de propagação. O experimento implantado no inverno apresentou os menores percentuais de<br />enraizamento (36,85 %). Nas demais estações do ano, não foram verificadas diferenças estatísticas para esta variável, pois todas<br />apresentaram índices de enraizamento superior a 69%. A propagação vegetativa por meio de xilopódio mostrou-se eficiente para<br />esta espécie na maior parte do ano. Apenas no inverno não foi encontrado um valor expressivo.</p>
MarkerMiner 1.0: A new application for phylogenetic marker development using angiosperm transcriptomes
Authors: Chamala Srikar , García Nicolás , Godden Grant T. , Krishnakumar Vivek , Jordon‐Thaden Ingrid E. , De Smet Riet , Barbazuk W. Brad , Soltis Douglas E. , Soltis Pamela S. 
Published: April 2015

Premise of the study:Targeted sequencing using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) platforms offers enormous potential for plant systematics by enabling economical acquisition of multilocus data sets that can resolve difficult phylogenetic problems. However, because discovery of single‐copy nuclear (SCN) loci from NGS data requires both bioinformatics skills and access to high‐performance computing resources, the application of NGS data has been limited.Methods and Results:We developed MarkerMiner 1.0, a fully automated, open‐access bioinformatic workflow and application for discovery of SCN loci in angiosperms. Our new tool identified as many as 1993 SCN loci from transcriptomic data sampled as part of four independent test cases representing marker development projects at different phylogenetic scales.Conclusions:MarkerMiner is an easy‐to‐use and effective tool for discovery of putative SCN loci. It can be run locally or via the Web, and its tabular and alignment outputs facilitate efficient downstream assessments of phylogenetic utility, locus selection, intron‐exon boundary prediction, and primer or probe development.
Multi-Year Ice Incursions into the Chukchi Sea
Authors: Ward E.G.(Skip) , Leidersdorf Craig , Coogan Jeffrey , Vaudrey Kennon 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This paper describes a phenomenon that can advect multi-year ice features (floes, ice islands, and icebergs) from the permanent polar pack into the Chukchi Sea. Efforts to understand this phenomenon, which has been termed the "Multi-Year Gateway", were prompted by the discovery of a small ice island offshore of Pt. Belcher in the Alaskan Chukchi Sea in 2012. A sequence of four events was identified that can channel multi-year ice features from the Beaufort Sea into the Chukchi. Satellite images and ice charts from the past 21 years were used to study the frequencies of occurrence of the underlying events and the likelihood that a multi-year ice incursion would result in the Chukchi Sea. The inter-annual variability and long-term trends in the development of the Multi-Year Gateway are discussed.
Converting Science Into Decision Making Support
Authors: Grønnevet Martin , Barnett McLean , Semenov Alexander 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The Paper will discuss lessons learned from more than 10 years of operational weather and ice support in the Arctic, and show examples of best practice methods of implementing scientific research into operational decision making. Successful examples will be discussed detailing the use of weather and ice information in operational situations at high latitudes, from climatic prestudies to the operational phases and all the way through post-operational lessons learned.
A Combined Effort to Deliver Arctic E&P Operations in an Hse Responsible Manner
Authors: Petrone A. , Scataglini L. , Buffagni M. , Aiello G. , Cianfanelli M. , Di Muzio D. , Borello L. , Sordini E. , Faraoni G. , Salvador C. , Giusto M. , Catalano R. , Cherubin P. , Antico L. , Bonuccelli M. , Bandini R. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In recent years the increasing hydrocarbon demand and at the same time the end of easy oil has pushed Oil and Gas companies towards unconventional deposits and higher risk and remote areas characterized by social and environmental sensitivities.
Although the experience in developing the Arctic region dates back to the early 20th century, there has been recently an increased and renewed global interest in the Arctic. In particular regions like the Norwegian-Russian Barents Sea, Alaska and Greenland have become the preferred areas of exploration and production activities despite of all the threats posed by the extreme operating conditions, the site remoteness, the ice presence, the prolonged darkness and the political regulation.
In this sensitive and hostile environment Oil spill Preparedness and Emergency Response become particularly challenging. This paper shows the efforts made within the company to combine consolidated methodology and new initiatives with the aim of delivering a proactive instead of reactive approach to manage the consequences of catastrophic oil spill with a special focus on the issues posed by Arctic operations.
In the perspective to enhance the oil spill preparedness and the emergency response, the paper describes the synergy between an expeditive semi-quantitative approach to assess the risk of blow out and releases from pipelines with an environmental analysis tool included in the company 3Ter Advanced Emergency System.
Blow out risks and pipeline releases are studied through predictive company in house modeling tools. The results of such simulations feed the environmental analysis tool that is characterized by different layers i.e. habitats, marine regions and protected areas and additional information such as meteo marine data, bathymetry and thickness and concentration of oil.
Through the combination of all the above mentioned techniques, it is possible to identify the most appropriate preventive and recovery barriers and select the most suitable response tactics taking into account the specific challenges posed by Arctic environment.
Development of Icebreaking Ships with Ice Model Tests
Authors: Wilkman Göran 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The hull form and propulsion are essential for a successful ship. During the first 70 years of last century vessels for ice operation were developed mainly with trial and error method. Also when one design was found useful, it was duplicated to the next generation of ships. It was only in the mid 1950ies as the first model basing for developing ships for ice operation in Leningrad, USSR, started to take steps towards more scientific approach. In the late 1960ies after oil had been found in Alaska and the 100000 DWT tanker SS Manhattan had done its first voyage in the Canadian Arctic in 1969, the question rose, whether this could be modeled in smaller scale. SS Manhattan was the actual initialization for developing ice model tests to become a useful tool in modern shipbuilding. Since 1969 the testing methods and practices have changed and developed together with feedback from full-scale ship performance tests to be rather reliable tool to help the decision making process when we are talking about projects worth tens and hundred million dollars.
This paper talks about different aspects of icebreaking and steps taken to develop vessels using ice model tests. Both hull form and propulsion development are discussed.