bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of Eligibility and Outcomes in Tinnitus Trials
Authors: Plein Colleen T. , Harounian Jonathan , Floyd Elizabeth , Irizarry Rachel , Ferzli George , Kidwai Sarah , Rosenfeld Richard M. 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveTo analyze existing tinnitus treatment trials with regard to eligibility criteria, outcome measures, study quality, and external validity and to recognize the effect of patient demographics, symptom duration, severity, and otologic comorbidity on research findings to help practitioners apply them to patient encounters.Data SourcesSystematic literature search conducted by an information specialist for development of the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation’s tinnitus clinical practice guideline.Review MethodsArticles were assessed for eligibility with the PRISMA protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses) and data extracted by 2 independent investigators. Studies were assessed for methodological quality, inclusion and exclusion criteria, patient demographics, and outcome measures.ResultsA total of 147 randomized trials met inclusion criteria. Nearly all studies took place in a specialist setting. More than 50% did not explicitly define tinnitus, and 44% used a subjective severity threshold, such as “severely disturbing.” Fifty‐four percent required symptom duration of at least 6 months for study eligibility, and up to 33% excluded patients with “organic” hearing loss or otologic conditions. Mean age was 52.2 years, and median follow‐up was 3 months. Only 20% had a low risk of bias.ConclusionRandomized trials of tinnitus interventions are most applicable to older adults with tinnitus lasting ≥6 months who are evaluated in specialty settings. High risk of bias, short follow‐up, and outcome reporting raise concerns about the validity of findings and may influence how clinicians apply trial results to individual patients and establish treatment expectations, thus demonstrating the need for further quality research in this field.
Simulation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Dry Model
Authors: Dwyer Tim , Slade Shantz Jesse , Chahal Jaskarndip , Wasserstein David , Schachar Rachel , Kulasegaram K. Mahan , Theodoropoulos John , Greben Rachel , Ogilvie-Harris Darrell 
Published: October 2015

Background: As the demand increases for demonstration of competence in surgical skill, the need for validated assessment tools also increases. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate a dry knee model for the assessment of performance of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The hypothesis was that the combination of a checklist and a previously validated global rating scale would be a valid and reliable means of assessing ACLR when performed by residents in a dry model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: All residents, sports medicine staff, and fellows were invited to perform a hamstring ACLR using anteromedial drilling and Endobutton fixation on a dry model of an anterior cruciate ligament. Previous exposure to knee arthroscopy and ACLR was recorded. A detailed surgical manuscript and technique video were sent to all participants before the study. Residents were evaluated by staff surgeons with task-specific checklists created by use of a modified Delphi procedure and the Arthroscopic Surgical Skill Evaluation Tool (ASSET). Each procedure (hand movements and arthroscopic video) was recorded and scored by a fellow blinded to the year of training of each participant. Results: A total of 29 residents, 5 fellows, and 6 staff surgeons (40 participants total) performed an ACLR on the dry model. The internal reliability (Cronbach alpha) of the test when using the total ASSET score was very high (>0.9). One-way analysis of variance for the total ASSET score and the total checklist score demonstrated a difference between participants based on year of training ( P < .001). Post hoc analysis demonstrated a significant difference in global ratings and checklist scores between junior residents (postgraduate year [PGY] 1-3) and senior residents (PGY 4 and 5) and senior residents and fellows ( P < .05). A significant difference was seen between fellows and staff on the global rating ( P < .05) but not on the checklist scores ( P > .05). A good correlation was seen between the total ASSET score and prior exposure to knee arthroscopy (0.73) and ACLR (0.65). The interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) between the examiner ratings and the blinded assessor ratings for the total ASSET score was very high (>0.8). Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that the performance of an ACLR in a dry model is a reliable method of assessing a resident’s knowledge of the steps and instrumentation required, and the method shows evidence of validity. Clinical Relevance: These models may be used to ensure a minimal level of competence before residents and fellows perform ACLR in the operating room.
Μεταβυζαντινοί σύνθετοι και ημισύνθετοι τετρακιόνιοι σταυροειδείς εγγεγραμμένοι ναοί της Πελοποννήσου
Authors: ΜΕΣΣΗΣ Βασίλειος Δ. 
Published: October 2015

<p><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"><span style="color: black;">Complex and semi-complex cross in-square four columned post Byzantine churches in Peloponnese, Greece</span></span></p><p>Post Byzantine churches in Peloponnese that belong to the two variations of the four columned cross in-square type, the complex and the semi-complex, differ from each other but at the same time share much in common. They can also be classified in groups. Ιn general terms, the application of the type in post Byzantine Peloponnese expresses the middle Byzantine tradition, whereas the churches built by the beginning of 18th century show a removal from that tradition. Moreover we can realise the close typological relationship between athonite type churches (complex cross in-square four columned type with side choirs churches), and complex cross in-square four columned type without side choirs churches in Peloponnese. To conclude, we could refer to the strong connection between post Byzantine church construction in Peloponnese and its Byzantine origins. This connection is so powerful and vivid that one can easily seek it both in the choice of church types that flourished in the Middle Byzantine period and in the persistent repetition of many characteristics of those types.</p><p> </p><p><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span></p>
Βιβλιοκρισία:A. WEYL CARR - A. NICOLAIDES (eds.), Asinou across Time: Studies in the Architecture and Murals of the Panagia Phorbiotissa, Cyprus. Dumbarton Oaks Studies, 43. Washington, DC:, 2012.
Authors: ΦΩΣΚΟΛΟΥ Bασιλική 
Published: October 2015

Bιβλιοκρισία:<h3>Annemarie Weyl Carr -Andréas Nicolaïdès (eds.), <em>Asinou across Time: Studies in the Architecture and Murals of the Panagia Phorbiotissa, Cyprus. Dumbarton Oaks Studies, 43</em>. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 2012. Pp. xii, 431. ISBN 9780884023494.</h3>
Αντιλήψεις και στάσεις της κοινότητας απέναντι στους ψυχικά πάσχοντες και στην ψυχική διαταραχή: Ανασκόπηση εμπειρικών ευρημάτων και μεθοδολογικά ζητήματα
Authors: Ζήση Αναστασία 
Published: October 2015

<p><em>Το παρόν άρθρο στοχεύει: α) να ανασκοπήσει τα σημαντικότερα ευρήματα των πρώτων ερευνών που μελέτησαν τις στάσεις τον γενικού πληθυσμού απέναντι στους ψυχικά πάσχοντες και β) να ανασκοπήσει τις μελέτες που διεξήχθησαν την τελευταία δεκαετία σχετικά με τις στάσεις τον γενικού πληθυσμού απέναντι </em>στους <em>ψυχικά πάσχοντες διερευνώντας παράλληλα τα μεθοδολογικά ζητήματα που εμπλέκονται. Τα δύο βασικά ερωτήματα που διατρέχουν την παροικία μελέτη είναι τα ακόλουθα: α) πώς καταγράφονται οι στάσεις του γενικού πληθυσμού απέναντι στους ψυχικά πάσχοντες στη σχετική βιβλιογραφία και αρθρογραφία της τελευταίας δεκαετίας; β) ποιοι παράγοντες (μηχανισμοί, χαρακτηριστικά, μεταβλητές) έχουν βρεθεί να επηρεάζουν τη διαμόρφωση των στάσεων απέναντι στους ψυχικά πάσχοντες;</em></p>
Female motorcyclists: psychosocial career and aspects of femininity
Authors: Χρηστάκης Νικόλας , Αναλυτή Αλεξάνδρα 
Published: October 2015

<p>Στο κείμενο αυτό ερευνώνται όψεις του κοινωνικού φαινομένου που αποτελεί η καθημερινή οδήγηση μοτοσικλέτας από γυναίκες. Μέσω αφηγήσεων ζωής είκοσι μοτοσικλετιστριών περιγράφεται η σταδιοδρομία τους, κάτι που δίνει έμφαση στην εκ των έσω βιωματική και διαχρονική διάσταση της πρακτικής και συμβολικής πορείας στη μοτοσικλετιστική ύπαρξη, καθώς<br />και στην αντίστοιχη εξέλιξη των σχέσεων με το οικείο και το ευρύτερο περιβάλλον. Στο βαθμό δηλαδή που κοινότοπα ο μοτοσικλετισμός αποτελεί «αντρική υπόθεση», εξετάζεται ο τρόπος με τον οποίο οι γυναίκες αυτές, καθώς «οργανώνουν» και εκθέτουν τις εμπειρίες τους και τις σκέψεις τους αναφορικά με τη μοτοσικλετιστική τους ιστορία και με αφορμή αυτήν, σκη-<br />νοθετούν διάφορες, όχι κατ’ ανάγκην εναρμονισμένες μεταξύ τους, εκδοχές του θηλυκού τους εαυτού.</p>
Ο λαϊκισμός στα εθνικά θέματα
Authors: Στεργίου Ανδρέας 
Published: October 2015

<p>Ο όρος λαϊκισμός, που παρεισέφρησε στο ελληνικό πολιτικό λεξιλόγιο με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση από τη δεκαετία του 1980 και μετά, στοιχειοθετείται σε μεγάλο βαθμό και από τις αντιλήψεις που εμφορούνται από αυτόν γύρω από τα εθνικά θέματα. Το εννοιολογικά ιδιαίτερα θολό πεδίο αυτό ανάδειξης λαϊκιστικού λόγου και νοοτροπίας συνδέθηκε πολύ γρήγορα με σκληροπυρηνικές απόψεις για τη στάση της χώρας στις σχέσεις με τους γείτονές της, τους συμμάχους της και ορισμένα άλλα βασικά εθνικά ζητήματα που την ταλανίζουν για δεκαετίες. Μετά από μια σειρά πολιτικών μεταβολών, που συντελέστηκαν στη δεκαετία του 1990, ο λαϊκισμός έγινε στο πλαίσιο αυτό συνώνυμο του αντιευρωπαϊ- σμού και του αντιδυτικισμού προβαλλόμενος από τα MME, ακούσια ή εκούσια, ως αντίπαλο δέος στον ανατέλλοντα ‘εκσυγχρονισμό’. Το γεγονός αυτό παρεμπόδισε μια ουσιαστική αντιπαράθεση επί της ουσίας προσφέροντας άλλοθι στο ‘εκσυγχρονιστικό ρεύμα’ και σε διάφορους ευρωπαϊστές διανοούμενους για ανάπτυξη απόψεων οι οποίες δεν ήταν πάντοτε ενδεικτικές του ορθολογισμού που καλούνταν να υπηρετήσουν.<br />Οι διεθνείς εξελίξεις των τελευταίων χρόνων και ο αντίκτυπος τους στην ελληνική κοινή γνώμη αφύπνισε τα εθνικά αντανακλαστικά τόσο της θεσμοθετημένης Αριστερός, όσο και πολλών αριστερών διανοουμένων που είχαν φθαρεί από έναν ολοένα και πιο αποστειρωμένο αντιευρωπαϊσμό της δεκαετίας του 1980 και την κατάρρευση του επί δεκαετίες διαφημιζόμενου δυνητικού συμμάχου της Ελλάδας, του ανατολικού συνασπισμού. Στο νέο διεθνοποιημένο πολιτικό και οικονομικό πλαίσιο, η επίκληση του διεθνισμού που προσδιόριζε τον μέχρι τότε αριστερότροπο πολιτικό λόγο, κατέστη ανεπίκαιρη. Η νέα πολιτική στρατηγική προσέγγισης των ‘λαϊκών’ στρωμάτων, όσων δηλαδή ένιωσαν παραγκωνισμένοι στον νέο μεταβαλλόμενο κόσμο, επέβαλε αναπροσδιορισμό της μέχρι τότε διεθνιστικής προσέγγισης του ρόλου του έθνους. Η νέα αυτή στρατηγική της Αριστερός αποδείχτηκε ιδιαίτερα επιτυχημένη καθώς, οι διαρκείς επεμβάσεις των Αμερικανών και του ΝΑΤΟ σε διάφορες χώρες, προσέφεραν το αναγκαίο έδαφος για τη δυναμική επανεμφάνισή της στο πολιτικό γίγνεσθαι της χώρας, χαρίζοντάς της ένα πολύ μεγαλύτερο κοινό και πολύ περισσότερους συνοδοιπόρους από την πραγματική της δύναμη. Η επιτυχία αυτή, ωστόσο, απαίτησε ένα μεγάλο ιδεολογικό τίμημα.</p>
Utilizing Russian Olive Trees at the Colorado State Forest Service Nursery: A Case Study
Authors: Vaughan Damon , Mackes Kurt 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) is an invasive tree that is the target of many restoration efforts across the United States. These removals are very expensive and generate large amounts of woody biomass waste that currently goes unused. The attractive grain and color of the wood has motivated some mills to process Russian olive and sell it for artisan uses. Some research exists on Russian olive biomass utilization, but no studies have been done on its use as a solid-sawn wood product. The Colorado State Forest Service nursery has hundreds of Russian olives on its property slated for removal. This presented the opportunity to conduct an economic analysis on the potential for increased utilization of Russian olive wood. An inventory of standing trees was conducted to find the volume of merchantable wood and estimate the potential lumber yield. Additionally, a sample of the trees was removed and milled, with actual costs and lumber yields tracked throughout the process. Findings from the two studies indicate that removal and disposal of merchantable material with no utilization would cost $30,254.10. Using the estimated 1445.4 ft3 of merchantable wood and 86.0 yd3 of mulch could generate revenues of $16,659.63 and bring net cost down to $21,544.17, after accounting for additional expenses.
Prospects for Appearance Wood Products Ecodesign in the Context of Nonresidential Applications
Authors: Cobut Aline , Blanchet Pierre , Beauregard Robert 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
As environmental awareness grows, societal demand for more environmentally friendly products increases. Demand for environmental responsibility also reached the building material and construction sector. Green building has become more widespread over the past decade and can be considered a challenge for specifiers and building products manufacturers. Ecodesign, an application of the sustainable development concept, is one of the available tools to address this challenge. This article aims at proposing an ecodesign pathway for appearance wood products in the nonresidential building sector. Through extrapolating results from a previous interior wood door case study, it has been possible to obtain environmental profiles for the main segments of the appearance wood products family for nonresidential buildings. These profiles have allowed devising ecodesign solutions. Results show that for this whole family of products, raw materials are what cause the most environmental impacts, followed by shipping and end-of-life stages. Product component weight tends also to influence the environmental profile. Ecodesign solutions for composite-based products are strongly related to decreasing the composite component weight by design and remanufacturing. For solid wood–based products, ecodesign can be approached through remanufacturing or reclaiming, using locally certified sustainable wood. The use of hardwood waste may be available for energy purposes, but this may not be as relevant as reuse and recycle in the context of the province of Quebec energy grid mix.
Enhanced recovery programmes can reduce length of stay after total knee replacement without sacrificing functional outcome at one year
Authors: Maempel JF , Walmsley PJ 
Published: October 2015

Introduction Enhanced recovery programmes (ERPs) are being widely adopted in total knee replacement (TKR) procedures but studies confirming that they have no adverse effects on functional outcomes are lacking. The aim of this study was to compare length of stay, postoperative functional outcome and range of motion at one year postoperatively between patients undergoing TKR with an ERP and those with traditional rehabilitation. Methods A total of 165 consecutive patients undergoing primary unilateral TKR were included in the study. Overall, 84 patients undergoing TKR with an ERP were compared with a series of 81 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKR with traditional rehabilitation, immediately before the introduction of the ERP. Results The median postoperative length of stay was 3 days in the ERP cohort and 4 in the traditionally rehabilitated cohort (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the preintervention characteristics of the groups and there was no significant difference in operative time, transfusion or rates of manipulation under anaesthesia. There was no difference in magnitude of improvement in American Knee Society score (p=0.12) or range of motion (p=0.81) between the groups. Conclusions ERP can reduce length of stay after TKR while offering improvements in knee function equivalent to those experienced by patients undergoing TKR with traditional rehabilitation. Furthermore, ERP can be implemented successfully in the setting of a district general hospital.
A possible cause of the variable detectability of macroprolactin by different immunoassay systems
Authors: Hattori Naoki , Aisaka Kohzo , Shimatsu Akira 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMacroprolactinaemia is a major cause of hyperprolactinaemia. The detectability of macroprolactin varies widely among different immunoassay systems, but the causes are not fully known. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the detectability of macroprolactin by immunoassay systems.The study included 1544 patients who visited an obstetric and gynaecological hospital. Macroprolactinaemia was screened using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) method and confirmed using gel filtration chromatography and the protein G method. The prolactin (PRL) values determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were compared with those of a chemiluminescence immunoassay system (Centaur) that is known to cross-react the least with macroprolactin.Macroprolactinaemia was found in 62 of 1544 patients (4.02%) who visited an obstetric and gynaecological hospital. The ratio of EIA-determined total PRL to free PRL in the supernatant after PEG precipitation was significantly elevated in all 62 serum samples with macroprolactin compared to those in 1482 serum samples without macroprolactin. In contrast, the ratio of Centaur-determined total PRL to free PRL was significantly elevated in 32 serum samples (group 1) and was within the normal range in 30 (group 2) of 62 serum samples with macroprolactin. The prevalence of non-IgG-type macroprolactin was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. Centaur diagnosed hyperprolactinaemia less frequently than EIA (n=2 vs. 16) in 62 patients with macroprolactinaemia. Those two hyperprolactinaemic patients diagnosed by Centaur had non-IgG-type macroprolactin.Macroprolactinaemia was present in 4% of patients visiting an obstetric and gynaecological hospital. The nature of macroprolactin (IgG-type or non-IgG-type) may partly explain why macroprolactin detectability varies among different immunoassay systems.
Evaluation of a hand-held blood gas analyzer for rapid determination of blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites in intensive care setting
Authors: Luukkonen Antti A.M. , Lehto Tiina M. , Hedberg Pirjo S.M. , Vaskivuo Tommy E. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntensive care units, operating rooms, emergency departments, and neonatology units need rapid measurements of blood gases, electrolytes, and metabolites. These analyses can be performed in a central laboratory or at the clinic with traditional or compact cassette-type blood gas analyzers such as the epoc blood gas testing system for analyzing whole blood samples at the bedside. In this study, the performance and interchangeability of a hand-held epoc blood gas analyzer was evaluated.The analytical performance of the epoc analyzer was evaluated by determining within-and between-run precisions. The accuracy of the epoc analyzer was assessed by comparing patient results from the device with those obtained with the Siemens Rapidlab 1265 and Rapidpoint RP500 and Siemens Dimension Vista and Sysmex XE-2100 analyzers. The following parameters were measured: pH, pCOThe CV% of the epoc’s between-day imprecision for the various parameters varied from 0.4 to 8.6. The within-run imprecision CV% varied from 0.6 to 5.2. The squared regression coefficient (RWith most of the measured blood gas parameters, the epoc analyzer correlated well with reference techniques. The epoc analyzer is suitable for rapid measurement of the blood gases, the electrolytes, and the metabolites in the ICU.
Language research and language community change: Italian Sign Language 1981–2013
Authors: Fontana Sabina , Corazza Serena , Braem Penny Boyes , Volterra Virginia 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBy providing evidence that sign language is an autonomous language, research has contributed to various changes both within and beyond the signing communities. The aim of this article is to show an example of how sign language change is driven not only by language internal factors but also by changes in language perception, as well as in the changing groups of users and the contexts of use. Drawing from data collected at a sign language research centre in Italy on Italian Sign Language during a time span of over thirty years, the present study will show how language research was a major impetus for a new linguistic awareness and changes in language attitude has influenced new linguistic practices and has forced Italian signers to think about rules governing the use of their language.
Predictors of immigrants’ second-language proficiency: a Dutch study of immigrants with a low level of societal participation and second-language proficiency
Authors: van Niejenhuis Coby , van der Werf Margaretha P. C. , Otten Sabine 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article examines the predictors of second-language proficiency for a group that until now has hardly been investigated: immigrants who rarely participate in the host society and who have a low level of second-language proficiency (sample characteristics are for example: no paid job, low educational and literacy level, high mean age and number of years since migration). In contrast with earlier research, not only self-assessments were used as indicator for second-language proficiency, but also language test scores. Results from a sample of 624 immigrants partly replicate findings from earlier studies: self-assessed second-language proficiency is higher among immigrants who have followed a language course, do voluntary work, have a high educational level, high mother-tongue proficiency, a low migration age, and a large number of years since migration. No links, however, were found between having psychological problems, gender, and migration motive and self-assessed second-language proficiency. Furthermore, some new predictors of self-assessed second-language proficiency were identified, namely similarity in alphabet between mother tongue and second language, daily interactions with natives in the public domain, and speaking the second language at home. For a subsample (N=98) second-language proficiency was also assessed via (objective) lexicon tests. When using scores on this test as dependent variables, only years since migration turned out to be a significant predictor. Though certainly tentative, this finding indicates that different predictors of second-language proficiency may apply depending on how it has been measured.
Variation in Macau Cantonese: the case of initial and final segments
Authors: Botha Werner , Barnes Lawrie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article considers how meaningful social differences are conveyed through the use of initial and final segments in Macau Cantonese. The research presented in this article provides a sociolinguistic account of the use of initial and final segments in Macau Cantonese, and specifically illustrates how social meanings of initials and finals are variable, and do not only subsume explanations that derive from internal linguistic constraint categories. This study employed an eclectic and multidimensional sociolinguistic approach that combines sociolinguistic survey methods, social network theory and constructionist approaches, with a view to accounting for the dynamics underlying initial and final segment variation in Macau Cantonese. Results of this study indicate that social constraints such as conversation topic, the affective relations between interlocutors, and other social factors such as gender and social class possibly impinge on the distribution and use of initials and finals in Macau Cantonese.