bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additive manufacturing in prosthesis development – a case study
Authors: Maji Palash Kumar , Banerjee Amit Jyoti , Banerjee Partha Sarathi , Karmakar Sankar 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper was development of patient-specific femoral prosthesis using rapid prototyping (RP), a part of additive manufacturing (AM) technology, and comparison of its merits or demerits over CNC machining route.

Design/methodology/approach
– The customized femoral prosthesis was developed through computed tomography (CT)-3D CAD-RP-rapid tooling (RT)-investment casting (IC) route using a stereolithography apparatus (SLA-250) RP machine. A similar prosthesis was also developed through conventional CT-CAD-CAM-CNC, using RP models to check the fit before machining. The dimensional accuracy, surface finish, cost and time involvement were compared between these two routes.

Findings
– In both the routes, RP had an important role in checking the fit. Through the conventional machining route, higher-dimensional accuracies and surface finish were achieved. On the contrary, RP route involved lesser time and cost, with rougher surface finish on the prosthesis surface and less internal shrinkage porosity. The rougher surface finish of the prosthesis is favourable for bone ingrowths after implantation and porosity reduce the effective stiffness of the prosthesis, leading to reduced stress shielding effect after implantation.

Research limitations/implications
– As there is no AM machine for direct fabrication of metallic component like laser engineered net shaping and electron beam melting in our Institute, the metallic prosthesis was developed through RP-RT-IC route using the SLA-250 machine.

Practical implications
– The patient-specific prosthesis always provides better fit and favourable stress distribution, leading to longer life of the prosthesis. The described RP route can be followed to develop the customized prosthesis at lower price within the shortest time.

Originality/value
– The described methodology of customized prosthesis development through the AM route and its advantages are applicable for development of any metallic prostheses.
Conversion of a GIS surface data directly to a 3D STL part for terrain modeling
Authors: Agrawal Sanat , J. de Beer Deon , Kumar Modi Yashwant 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to convert surface data directly to a three-dimensional (3D) stereolithography (STL) part. The Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data available for a terrain are the data of its surface. It doesn’t have information for a solid model. The data need to be converted into a three-dimensional (3D) solid model for making physical models by additive manufacturing (AM).

Design/methodology/approach
– A methodology has been developed to make the wall and base of the part and tessellates the part with triangles. A program has been written which gives output of the part in STL file format. The elevation data are interpolated and any singularity present is removed. Extensive search techniques are used.

Findings
– AM technologies are increasingly being used for terrain modeling. However, there is not enough work done to convert the surface data into 3D solid model. The present work aids in this area.

Practical implications
– The methodology removes data loss associated with intermediate file formats. Terrain models can be created in less time and less cost. Intricate geometries of terrain can be created with ease and great accuracy.

Social implications
– The terrain models can be used for GIS education, educating the community for catchment management, conservation management, etc.

Originality/value
– The work allows direct and automated conversion of GIS surface data into a 3D STL part. It removes intermediate steps and any data loss associated with intermediate file formats.
Microstructure study on selective laser melting yttria stabilized zirconia ceramic with near IR fiber laser
Authors: Liu Qi , Song Bo , Liao Hanlin 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore selective laser melting of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramic by a 1 μm wavelength fibre laser; investigate the influence of different laser powers and different scanning velocities on the microstructure, the relative density, the deformation of ceramic sample and the micro-hardness; and analyze the crystal structure transformation during the fabrication.Design/methodology/approach– During the fabrication, the 5 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm YSZ ceramic samples are fabricated by rapid prototyping (RP) machine MCP Realizer SLM 250; density and microscopic photographs show the ceramic melting situation. The density of cubic sample with different laser powers and different scanning velocities is measured by Archimedes method. The microstructure of samples and powder is observed by SEM. The micro-hardness is measured by the Vickers micro-hardness equipment, and the crystal structure transition is studied by XRD.Findings– It is possible to melt YSZ powder completely with near-IR fibre laser, and the relative density of 5 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm cubic sample is 88 per cent, and the micro-hardness could reach 1,209 ± 262 HV500. The influence of laser power on the volume deformation is more sensitive than the scanning speed at the same energy density. The small pores and the obvious orderly cracks can be observed in the cross-section of sample; the uneven distribution of laser energy input is the main reason of the formation of orderly cracks. The transformation from monoclinic and cubic crystal to tetragonal crystal occurred during the melting process. Heat treatment (1400°C for 30 min) cannot significantly improve the density of the sample, but it can restore the colour of ceramic.Research limitations/implications– Particularly serious due to the deformation of the ceramic material, the authors cannot prepare a large ceramic sample and measure its macroscopic mechanical properties.Originality/value– This paper describes the manufacture of YSZ ceramic sample by SLM technology with a 1 μm wavelength fibre laser, and preliminary studies show the microscopic structure, distribution of laser parameters and crystal transformation.
Challenging behaviours following paediatric acquired brain injury (ABI): the clinical utility for a manualised behavioural intervention programme
Authors: T. Woods Damith , Catroppa Cathy , Godfrey Celia , Giallo Rebecca , Matthews Jan , A. Anderson Vicki 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– Children with acquired brain injury (ABI) are at significant risk of serious behavioural and social difficulties. The burgeoning growth of research documenting behavioural sequelae after paediatric ABI has not been met with a concomitant level of research aimed at treating the problem. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a manualised behavioural intervention support programme could reduce challenging behaviours in children with ABI and improve family-parental well-being and functioning.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 61 parents (48 mothers and 13 fathers) of 48 children aged between three and 12 years with mild, moderate, or severe ABI received an ABI adapted “Signposts for Building Better Behaviour” programme (Hudsonet al., 2001) in group-support (GS) or telephone-support (TS) format. Trained “Signposts” practitioners delivered the programme over a five-month period. The programme consisted of nine information booklets, a DVD, and workbook. All families completed pre-intervention and post-intervention evaluations.Findings– On an average parents completed 7.92 out of a possible nine intervention sessions (range 7-9). Parents in both TS and GS formats reported significant reductions in challenging child behaviours irrespective of injury severity. They also reported significant reductions in dysfunctional parenting practices, stress and family burden.Originality/value– Overall, the current research provides support forSignpoststo be used with families of children with ABI in an attempt to ameliorate negative outcomes for family, parent, and child.
Age at injury, emotional problems and executive functioning in understanding disrupted social relationships following childhood acquired brain injury
Authors: Gracey Fergus , Watson Suzanna , McHugh Meghan , Swan Andrew , Humphrey Ayla , Adlam Anna 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– Clinically significant childhood acquired brain injury (ABI) is associated with increased risk of emotional and behavioural dysfunction and peer relationship problems. The purpose of this paper is to determine how emotional and peer related problems for children with ABI compare with those of children referred to mental health services, and to identify clinical predictors of peer relationship problems in a heterogeneous sample typical of a specialist community rehabilitation setting.

Design/methodology/approach
– Participants were 51 children with clinically significant ABI (32 traumatic brain injury; 29 male) referred for outpatient neuropsychological rehabilitation. Emotional, behavioural and social outcomes were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and executive functioning was measured with the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Functions. Correlational analyses were used to explore variables associated with peer relationships. A subgroup (n=27) of children with ABI were compared to an age and sex matched mental health group to determine differences on SDQ subscales.

Findings
– The SDQ profiles of children with clinically significant ABI did not significantly differ from matched children referred to mental health services. Time since injury, peer relationship problems, metacognitive, and behavioural problems correlated with age at injury. These variables and SDQ emotional problems correlated with peer relationship problems. Linear multiple regression analysis indicated that only metacognitive skills remained a significant predictor of peer relationship problems, and metacognitive skills were found to significantly mediate between age at injury and peer relationship problems.

Research limitations/implications
– The study confirms the significant effect of childhood ABI on relationships with peers and mental health, those injured at a younger age faring worst. Within the methodological constraints of this study, the results tentatively suggest that age of injury influences later peer relationships via the mediating role of poor metacognitive skills within a heterogeneous clinical sample.

Originality/value
– This is the first study to examine the roles of emotional, behavioural and executive variables on the effect of age at injury on peer relationship problems in a sample with a wide range of ages and ages of injury.
Sustainability reporting: meeting stakeholder demands
Authors: Amran Azlan , Keat Ooi Say 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to illustrate the emerging trend and importance of sustainability reporting, and proposes that stakeholder engagement helps gain insights into this rising trend to better understand stakeholder concerns. Pressure for sustainable business practices continues to rise.

Findings
– Pressure from stakeholders compels businesses to prove their governance effectiveness, accountability and transparency through corporate sustainability disclosure. To cater to diverse stakeholder needs and achieve continuous improvement, it is important that businesses engage with targeted stakeholders and obtain meaningful feedback on their sustainability performance and reporting processes, which helps to meet stakeholders’ demands and improves businesses’ future sustainability agenda.

Originality/value
– The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Reinventing the rules of engagement: three strategies for winning the information technology race
Authors: Berman Saul , Marshall Anthony 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– From interviews in 2013 with more than 875 CEOs of companies in a variety of industries from around the world, IBM researchers found that the majority of them rank technology as the top issue they expect will exert the strongest influence on their organizations and strategy. this paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
– This report is the third installment in an ongoing Global C-suite Study, the seventeenth such IBM study to focus on the C-suite. To compile the data for the meta study, between February and June 2013, researchers met with 4,183 top executives, representing a wide range of public and private sector enterprises in more than 20 industries and 70 countries. This report focuses on the responses of more than 875 CEOs from 67 countries who participated in the meta study.

Findings
– Analysis of the interviews identified three responses proactive firms have adopted to prepare for the future: embrace disruption; build shared value; and dare to be open.

Research limitations/implications
– Create experimentation spaces. Runaway innovation requires places and spaces where people can think, interact and experiment. The creation of these innovation spaces should be a priority. These should include: physical spaces where co-located people with different backgrounds can cross-pollinate each other’s ideas; virtual spaces where large numbers of people across different locations can focus on specific topics; and the building of business ecosystems. Business environments are beginning to evolve from markets to ecosystems. Organizations that identify new ways to serve customers holistically will define new business ecosystems and benefit the most.

Practical implications
– Taking action to embrace disruption: move out of bounds. Bringing together people from different industries, backgrounds, regions – and even generations – will be essential to predict and respond to new competitive threats. Expanding partnerships to deepen innovation capabilities will speed the discovery of new technologies and new business models.

Originality/value
– CEOs in just about every industry have learned that customers, partners and employees that collaborate can go further, faster in an era of runaway innovation. Many are pushing the boundaries on their organizations as a result – opening up to empower collaboration among individuals and moving away from command-and-control hierarchies. In just one year the number of CEOs determined to open up their organizations has increased an astounding 27 percent.
A typology and meta-analysis of outsourcing relationship frameworks
Authors: Lyons Paul , Brennan Louis 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper was to consider 52 conceptual frameworks identified during a systematic literature review with the aim of providing insights into various aspects of outsourcing relationships. Many authors propose these frameworks to contribute to our understanding of how outsourcing relationships are conceived, operate and evolve. A meta-analysis of these frameworks was completed.Design/methodology/approach– The approach consisted of five stages: a systematic, but focused literature review to identify relevant frameworks; a study of the selected frameworks to enable the design of a typology of framework styles, so that frameworks adopting similar styles can be compared and analysed; grouping of the frameworks into families addressing different aspects of relationships as they form, operate and evolve; using the types (from the typology) within these family groups to facilitate a meta-analysis of each group by identifying common or contrasting themes; and deriving overall observations and identifying the most robust frameworks in each group.Findings– Nine framework types are identified and named as nominal categorisation, matrix, pyramid, dependency, interaction, flowchart, two-dimensional progression, life cycle and stepped. Five logical family groups were identified addressing how relationships form, operate and evolve. These groups cover the scope of outsourcing relationship, the relationship governance, the climate of the relationship, relationship tactics and relationship evolution. Common themes were identified, and overall observations were drawn. Recommendations are also provided on the frameworks which were assessed as being most robust and likely to be of most use to practitioners and researchers.Research limitations/implications– The study considered a representative sample of frameworks identified during a systematic review of literature relating to outsourcing relationships. However, it cannot be considered fully comprehensive, and frameworks from other sources also exist.Practical implications– Outsourcing success depends on the establishment and management of a constructive relationship between the client and supplier. Frameworks assist understanding of this important aspect of outsourcing.Originality/value– This paper provides a reference point for scholars and practitioners who are interested in outsourcing relationships and may value the sources identified and the summaries, comparisons and recommendations provided.
Through the lens of social capital: a research agenda for studying IT outsourcing
Authors: George Beena , Hirschheim Rudy , von Stetten Alexander 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This paper proposes a new research agenda for information technology (IT) outsourcing,motivated by the belief that the social capital concept enables IT outsourcing researchers to capture more of the nuances of the client–vendor relationship in IT outsourcing arrangements.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper builds a comprehensive framework of social capital based on Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998) to examine the IT outsourcing life cycle. Past research on IT outsourcing is examined applying the parameters of the framework to identify issues that have been addressed in research on IT outsourcing and to uncover the gaps in past research.

Findings
– The social capital framework is applied to IT outsourcing which suggests new avenues for future outsourcing research.

Research limitations/implications
– While past research has identified success factors for IT outsourcing, a significant number of outsourcing arrangement still fail to meet expectations. The research agenda presented in this paper encourages an examination of IT outsourcing from a different perspective to determine how to successfully manage IT outsourcing.

Originality/value
– The paper provides a new framework that is useful for identifying the relationships among past research in IT outsourcing as well as for identifying potential topics for future research.
Determinants of CSR standards adoption: exploring the case of ISO 26000 and the CSR performance ladder in The Netherlands
Authors: Moratis Lars , Tatang Widjaja Alice 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This article aims to report on original empirical research on the comprehensive corporate social responsibility (CSR) standards International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 26000 and the CSR Performance Ladder and identifies determinants for the adoption of CSR standards. In addition, it reviews and adds to literature on CSR standards adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
– The empirical data were derived from interviews with CSR experts in The Netherlands.

Findings
– The findings of our research show that the demands and wishes of customers, the attitude of a company’s management, the market position of the standard-developing organization and several tangible and intangible characteristics of the standard itself are particularly relevant for the adoption of CSR standards.

Research limitations/implications
– The article aimed at reaching analytical generalization instead of statistical generalization and was focused on The Netherlands. Differences across industries and sectors were not taken into account in this exploratory study. Having said this, we still think the article provides valuable insights.

Practical implications
– Our research identifies “buttons” for policymakers trying to stimulate business to engage with CSR. It may help predict which CSR standards may surface as dominant and can also be used to inform the design and development of new CSR standards. Finally, it may also serve as input for (marketing) strategies by standardization organizations worldwide and other organizations that have taken CSR standardization initiatives as well as non-governmental organizations and even consultancies to spur the adoption of CSR standards as a means of CSR implementation.

Originality/value
– The article presents original empirical material on CSR standards adoption and contributes to the literature on this topic with insights on determinants’ CSR standards adoption.
Impact of corporate social responsibility practices on organizational performance: an ISO 26000 perspective
Authors: Valmohammadi Changiz 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– This study aims to provide reliable and valid constructs of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and a measurement instrument in the context of Iranian organizations based on the seven core subjects of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 26000 standard. It also examines the effects of these seven CSR criteria, namely, organizational governance, human rights, labor practices, the environment, fair operating practices, consumer issues and community involvement, and development on the organizational performance of Iranian organizations.Design/methodology/approach– Through an extensive study of literature review, the related items of these core subjects were identified. Data for the study were collected from 207 Iranian manufacturing and service firms. The research model was tested using structural equation modeling.Findings– Statistical analysis revealed that a number of significant relationships between CSR practices and organizational performance of Iranian organizations. The result found that community involvement and development plays an important role in enhancing organizational performance of organizations.Research limitations/implications– First, the time sequence of the association between the variables could not be concluded, given that cross-sectional data were used. A future study is suggested to conduct a longitudinal research design to present the evidence of causation which cannot be achieved through cross-sectional designs. Second, this study was limited to Iran. Hence, the findings and conclusions drawn from this research are representative of the Iranian context only. Hence, final results should be considered with caution.Practical implications– This study offers a number of implications for Iranian managers and policy-makers. First, this study identified that there is a relationship between CSR practices based on the seven core subjects of ISO 26000 and firm performance in the context of Iran. Second, the instrument developed, in this research, will be very useful to policy-makers in various industries of Iran as a tool for evaluating the effectiveness of their current CSR practices and initiatives. Third, decision-makers can also prioritize the CSR practices on which their firms should focus to improve their organizational performance.Originality/value– The novelty of this research is to determine the related items of the core subjects of ISO 26000 as the main factors and offer an instrument to measure the effects of various CSR practices on organizational performance of Iranian firms in the context of Iran.