bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the influential factors on innovative behaviors among ophthalmic specialty nurses in China:a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Xin , Ren Jie , Luo Hong-Mei , Zeng Ji-Hong , Tang jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the current situation of innovative behavior and organizational structure authorization of ophthalmic specialty nurses in China, and analyze the influencing factors of innovative behavior.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 301 ophthalmic specialty nurses in China, representing Representing 82 hospitals in 25 provinces, using a general data questionnaire, Innovative Behavior Scale(IBS), and conditions of work effectiveness questionnaire(CWEQ-Ⅱ).
Results
The mean total score for innovative behavior among Chinese ophthalmic specialty nurses was (4.73 ± 1.14), and the mean total score for organizational structure authorization was (61.65 ± 14.69). The logistic regression analysis revealed that organizational structure authorization, hospital grade, and ophthalmic nurses primarily engaged in clinical care and clinical research had statistically significant impacts on the level of innovative behavior (P < 0.05). The higher the organizational structure authorization score, the higher the innovative behavior level of ophthalmic specialty nurses, the level of innovation behavior of grade-B tertiary hospitals is higher than that of grade-A tertiary hospitals. The main positions are low level of innovative behavior in clinical care and high level of innovative behavior in clinical research.
Conclusions
The innovative behavior and organizational structure authorization of Chinese ophthalmic specialty nurses are at a medium level, the innovative behavior of ophthalmic specialty nurses is influenced by factors such as organizational structure empowerment level, hospital grade, and main job position. Nursing managers are advised to develop tailored training programs based on the influencing factors of innovative behavior among Chinese ophthalmic specialty nurses, in order to enhance their level of innovation and improve the quality of nursing services provided by Chinese ophthalmic specialty nurses.
Gut microbiome community structure correlates with different behavioral phenotypes in the Belyaev farm-fox experiment
Authors: Puetz Lara C , Delmont Tom O. , Mitchell Alex L. , Finn Robert , Zhang Guojie , Shepeleva Darya V. , Kharlamova Anastasiya V. , Kukekova Anna , Trut Lyudmila N. , Gilbert M Thomas P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Domestication represents one of the largest biological shifts of life on Earth, and for many animal species, behavioral selection is thought to facilitate early stages of the process. The gut microbiome of animals can respond to environmental changes and have diverse and powerful effects on host behavior. As such, we hypothesize that selection for tame behavior during early domestication, may have indirectly selected on certain gut microbiota that contribute to the behavioral plasticity necessary to adapt to the new social environment. Here, we explore the gut microbiome of foxes from the tame and aggressive strains of the “Russian-Farm-Fox-Experiment”. Microbiota profiles revealed a significant depletion of bacteria in the tame fox population that have been associated with aggressive and fear-related behaviors in other mammals. Our metagenomic survey allowed for the reconstruction of microbial pathways enriched in the gut of tame foxes, such as glutamate degradation, which converged with host genetic and physiological signals, revealing a potential role of functional host-microbiota interactions that could influence behaviors associated with domestication. Overall, by characterizing how compositional and functional potential of the gut microbiota and host behaviors co-vary during early animal domestication, we provide further insight into our mechanistic understanding of this adaptive, eco-evolutionary process.
The Dynamic Triage Interplay of Hsp90 with its Chaperone Cycle and Client Binding
Authors: Huang Chengdong , Qu Xiaozhan , Wang Simin , Zhao Shuo , Wan Chanjuan , Xu Weiya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Hsp90, a crucial molecular chaperone, significantly influences both normal biology and disease through its regulation of diverse client proteins. Central to its function is its remarkable conformational plasticity, driven by both ATPase activity and client interactions. However, comprehensive insights into Hsp90's dynamic transitions at the molecular level remain elusive. Using solution NMR spectroscopy, here we reveal how ATP binding, hydrolysis, and client engagement drive significant conformational and dynamic shifts in E. coli Hsp90, HtpG, throughout its chaperone cycle. We observe pronounced conformational fluctuations across the entire chaperone molecule, particularly in regions crucial for nucleotide binding and conformational transitions. ATP binding induces an ensemble of slow-exchanging conformations, representing discrete on-path transition states from open to closed forms. Subsequent ATP hydrolysis resolves this structural heterogeneity, shifting HtpG into a distinct, compact conformation. Furthermore, HtpG exhibits stage-specific mobility across the chaperone cycle, potentially enhancing client processing. Client binding acts as an allosteric switch, dynamically priming HtpG for elevated chaperone activity and, therefore, its efficient remodeling. These findings provide atomic-level insights into the functional interplay between Hsp90's conformation, dynamics, nucleotide, and client interactions, culminating in a refined model that elucidates the intricate machinery of Hsp90.
Remote Sensing Image Change Detection based on Swin Transformer and Cross-Attention Mechanism
Authors: Yan Weidong , Cao Li , Yan Pei , Zhu Chaosheng , wang Mengtian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

With the advancement of Vision Transformer (ViT) in remote sensing image change detection, the most popular feature extraction methods involve using pre-trained ResNet or VGG networks. However, due to differences between the pre-trained datasets and remote sensing datasets, using ResNet or VGG as the backbone network does not yield optimal change detection results. Furthermore, current methods fall short in delivering comprehensive change detection regions and accurately delineating irregular change boundaries. To address these challenges, we propose using the Swin Transformer as our backbone network. This approach not only facilitates training on our custom remote sensing datasets but also enables the extraction of multi-scale and multi-level visual features. We also utilize the Cross-Attention mechanism to extract differential features and consider the interactive information between the two-branch features. By leveraging the attention mechanism, we can suppress non-changing information while effectively extracting changing information, thereby enhancing change detection results by prioritizing relevant changes. Additionally, we introduce a cascading feature fusion method to integrate features across different scales. This approach effectively mitigates information loss during fusion and maximizes the utilization of the extracted multi-scale features. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on three widely used change detection datasets.
Perspectives on Performance Measurement Pressure and Telehealth Utilization in Free and Charitable Clinics: A Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Parks Ashley , Wear Andrew , Sakowski Julie , Russell Ian , Nunnery Danielle 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background

Free and charitable clinics, essential for providing healthcare to uninsured and underinsured populations, face significant performance measurement pressures. These pressures, derived from the need to demonstrate quality and efficiency, may hinder the adoption of telehealth services due to a dearth of resources to meet the demands met by in-person data collection. This study explores manager perspectives on how performance measurement pressure impacts the implementation and sustainability of telehealth.
Methods
An interdisciplinary research team conducted 13 key informant interviews with leaders from free and charitable clinics. The interviews, part of a larger research effort utilizing the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, aimed to understand free and charitable clinic implementation of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using MaxQDA 22.0. Fundamental attitudes and themes regarding telehealth implementation and utilization were elicited using a qualitative descriptive technique with all constructs, including performance measurement pressure, being coded according to model definitions. The research team utilized the Guidance for publishing qualitative research in informatics checklist for result reporting.

Results

An unexpected but prominent theme emerged: performance measurement pressure may be a limitation to wide scale telehealth implementation. All 13 interviewees highlighted this pressure as a notable concern. Performance metrics, often requiring in-person visits, were seen as barriers to the widespread adoption of telehealth. Some managers viewed these metrics as necessary for securing funding and ensuring quality but also reported that the current metrics were incompatible with telehealth, which posed challenges for sustainable telehealth integration.

Conclusions

The study reveals that while telehealth could enhance care access for underserved populations, existing performance measurement frameworks hinder its adoption in free and charitable clinics. To support sustainable telehealth integration, there is a need for flexible performance metrics that accommodate telehealth’s unique capabilities. Findings from this study suggest that policymakers and accrediting bodies should consider revising quality metrics to better accommodate telehealth modalities. Future research should focus on developing specific telehealth performance indicators and data collection methods that do not rely solely on in-person visits. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving healthcare access and quality in resource-constrained settings.
Trial registration
Not applicable
New Three-Dimensional Flat Band Candidate Materials Pb2As2O7 and Pb2Sn2O7
Authors: Hase Izumi , Higashi Yoichi , Eisaki Hiroshi , Kawashima Kenji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Energy dispersion of electrons is the most fundamental property of the solid state physics. In models of electrons on a lattice with strong geometric frustration, the band dispersion of electrons can disappear due to the quantum destructive interference of the wavefunction. This is called a flat band, and it is known to be the stage for the emergence of various fascinating physical properties. It is a challenging task to realize this flat band in a real material. In this study, we performed first-principles calculations on two compounds, Pb2As2O7 and Pb2Sn2O7, which are candidates to have flat bands near the Fermi level. For Pb2As2O7, similar to the previously calculated Pb2Sb2O7, nearly flat bands were confirmed. In the case of Pb2Sn2O7, a complex band structure was observed; nevertheless, bands with minimal energy dispersion near the Fermi level were identified. These findings underscore the importance of investigating the influence of flat bands on electronic energy dispersion, providing a crucial step toward understanding the emergence and characteristics of flat bands in novel materials.
PACS numbers: 71.20.Nr, 71.20.-b, 75.47.Lx
Ultrahigh-mobility microbial cytochrome nanowires generate power from humidity
Authors: Dahl Peter , Neu Jens , Gu Yangqi , Shipps Catharine , Batista Victor , Malvankar Nikhil 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Mixed electronic-ionic conductors are crucial for various technologies, including harvesting power from humidity in a durable, self-sustainable, manner unrestricted by location or environment1,2. Biological proteins have been proposed as mixed conductors for 50 years3,4. Recently, Geobacter sulfurreducens pili filaments have been claimed to act as nanowires to generate power5,6. Here, we show that the power is generated by G. sulfurreducens-produced cytochrome OmcZ nanowires that show 20,000-fold higher electron conductivity than pili7. Remarkably, nanowires show ultrahigh electron and proton mobility (>0.25 cm2/Vs), owing to directional charge migration through seamlessly-stacked hemes and a charged, hydrogen-bonding surface, respectively. AC impedance spectroscopy and DC conductivity measurements using four-probe van der Pauw and back-gated field-effect-transistor devices reveal that humidity increases carrier mobility by 30,000-fold. Cooling halves the activation energy, thereby accelerating charge transport. Electrochemical measurements identify the voltage and mobilities required to switch pure electronic conduction to mixed conduction for power generation. The high aspect ratio (1:1000) and hydrophilic nanowire surface captures moisture efficiently to reduce oxygen reversibly, generating large potentials (>0.5 V) necessary to sustain high power. Our studies establish a new class of biologically-synthesized, low-cost and high-performance mixed-conductors and identify key design principles for improving power output using highly-tunable electronic and protein structures.
Longitudinal declines in life-space mobility in community-dwelling older Brazilian people: REMOBILIZE study
Authors: de Amorim Juleimar Soares Coelho , Perracini Monica Rodrigues , Trombini-Souza Francis , Batista Patrícia Parreira , Moreira Miriam , Fittipaldi Etiene Oliveira da Silva 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: To investigate changes in life-space mobility and its relationship to health and functioning determinants on older Brazilian adults.
Methods: We conducted an online and phone survey using an adapted Life-Space Assessment version. Linear regression models were used to investigate patterns of LS mobility during the pandemic decline according to cultural (gender and age groups), health conditions (multimorbidity and pain), functional capacity (activities of daily living limitation), and physical activity (walking) determinants among community-dwelling older Brazilian adults.
Results: Regardless of gender, functioning, and clinical determinants of health, participants experienced significantly declines in life-space mobility since the COVID-19 pandemic. Life-space mobility reduction was higher among older people who had lower levels of walking, aged 80 and more years, women, two or more multimorbidities and limited functioning.
Conclusion: Social restriction measures significantly decrease older adults’ life-space mobility in Brazil.
An estimate of burnout prevalence among oncology nurses
Authors: Helaß Madeleine , Maatouk Imad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Nurses in oncology must cope with the suffering of patients, the inevitability of death and their own transience. This poses a possible risk for the development of burnout, which can result in low job satisfaction and ultimately an increased intention to leave the job. Our aim was to assess psychological distress in registered nurses working in oncology.
Objective and method: A cross-sectional survey with the Oldenburger Burnout Inventory was presented to nurses within the German Cancer Society. It collected data on psychological distress via two subscales, exhaustion and disengagement. Socio-demographic data were assessed.
Results: Among 83 participating nurses, we found a prevalence of high disengagement in 17 RNs (20.48%) and high exhaustion (MExh>2.5 = burnout) in 44 (53.00%). Looking at the highest values of both scales, 18.08% of respondents were at high risk for psychological distress. There was a low correlation between disengagement and age (r=.331, p<0.01). The risk of high disengagement among nurses older than 50 (n = 9, 52.94%) was three times higher than for those who were 50 or younger (n = 8, 47.06%) (RR = 8.642, 95% CI: 1.475–5.749, p<0,01).
Conclusion: This survey highlights a high rate of burnout among German oncology nurses. Interventions should be developed, implemented, and delivered in an age-appropriate manner. To ensure high-quality care and patient safety, oncology nurses should be offered preventive mental healthcare services later in their careers.
Clinical trial registration number: The study was registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS500018851).
Regulation of Spermatogenesis by Different Alternative Splicing Events of MEI1 in Mongolian Horse
Authors: Song Dailing , Weng Yajuan , Terigele Baterin , Wang Guoqing , Manglai Dugarjaviin , Li Bei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Mongolian horses are characterized by cold resistance, resistance to rough feeding, good endurance, strong disease resistance, and strong gregariousness. The normal production of sperm in male mammals forms the basis of reproduction and spermatogenesis and involves mitosis, meiosis, and metamorphosis of sperm cells. The MEI1 gene is involved in the meiosis cycle and is required for normal chromosome association during meiosis. Previous studies have shown that alternative splicing of MEI1 can promote spermatogenesis in Mongolian horses. In this paper, the regulatory effects of different MEI1 alternative splicing events on Mongolian horse spermatogenesis are investigated.
Results
In this study, two overexpressed lentiviral vectors with mutually exclusive exon (MXE) and skipped exon (SE) events of MEI1 were constructed and successfully used to infect Sertoli cells. After 72 h of viral infection, the expression of MEI1 was higher in the SE event than in the MXE event, as shown by fluorescence quantification; transcriptomics and metabolomics were then used to screen and annotate the differential genes and metabolites, and 193 differentially expressed genes (comprising 109 genes, such as MEI1, and 84 genes with upregulated and downregulated expression, respectively) and 11360 differentially expressed metabolites (comprising 7494 and 3866 metabolites with upregulated and downregulated expression, respectively) were screened. Differential genes and metabolites were mainly enriched in several metabolic pathways related to spermatogenesis. Differential genes such as IL31RA, ATP2B3, and CASQ2 were highly expressed in SE events, while IL11, PRLR, and CCR7 were highly expressed in MXE events. Metabolites such as folic acid and spermine were highly expressed during SE events, while citric acid and glutathione were highly expressed during MXE events. This suggests that both MXE and SE events of the MEI1 gene can promote the activity of the spermatogenesis signaling pathway.
Conclusions
The MXE and SE events of the MEI1 gene can promote the expression of spermatogenesis-related genes and metabolites, and these genes influence spermatogenesis by regulating the expression of metabolites. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for exploring the regulatory mechanisms of alternative splicing events in spermatogenesis in Mongolian horses.
The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment Inflow on Agriculture Output in Somalia
Authors: Hassan Abas Mohamed , Nor Bile Abdisalan , Abdulle Abdikani Yusuf , Warsame Zakarie Abdi , Ahmed Mohamed Abdirahman , Mohamud Ibrahim Hassan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on agricultural output in Somalia, focusing on the period from 1990 to 2020. Emerging from prolonged political instability and economic challenges, Somalia presents a unique case for understanding FDI's role in its agricultural sector. Employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, this research explores short-term and long-term relationships between agricultural output and variables such as FDI, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation, and trade openness. The findings indicate that FDI and GDP significantly influence agricultural output in the long run, underscoring the importance of economic growth and foreign investment for boosting productivity. Inflation also positively affects agricultural output, suggesting that increased government spending can enhance productivity despite leading to deficits. Conversely, trade openness has a slightly negative long-term effect on agricultural output, though this impact is not robustly significant. In the short term, all variables except trade openness positively influence agricultural productivity, with the latter presenting immediate challenges despite the benefits of global market integration. The study's limitations include focusing on economic factors, excluding political stability, social issues, and institutional quality, which could provide a more comprehensive understanding. A longitudinal analysis could offer deeper insights over time. Recommendations include policies and frameworks to attract FDI, such as incentives, land tenure security, streamlined procedures, and public-private partnerships. Establishing clear, consistent policies can build investor trust and foster a conducive investment atmosphere, enabling Somalia to overcome instability and realize its agricultural potential.
The impact of clarithromycin, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, on quinestrol inhibition of male mice reproduction
Authors: Ji Yu , Wang Yujie , Liu Yutong , Qin Jiao , Yuan Daohuan , Liu Quansheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Pest rodents persistently undermine crop yields and food security. Fertility control could be a viable alternative for managing rodent populations. This study investigates the antifertility effects of various concentrations of clarithromycin combined with 1.0 mg/kg quinestrol on male rodents to determine an effective contraceptive dose that minimizes quinestrol usage, addressing concerns such as environmental residue and poor palatability. Male mice were divided into five groups and administered different doses of clarithromycin or clarithromycin and quinestrol for three consecutive days, while the control group received sunflower seed oil only. After seven days, organ weights, reproductive organ weights, sperm density, serum hormone levels, CYP3A4, and proteins in the liver and small intestine were measured to assess persistent effects. Compared with the control group, all treatment groups had significant reductions in epididymal weight, seminal vesicle weight, and serum T levels. Quinestrol, alone or combined with clarithromycin, increased liver and spleen weight. Co-administration of clarithromycin further reduced sperm density and serum LH levels compared to quinestrol alone. The combination of 2.0 mg/kg clarithromycin and quinestrol mitigates issues such as organ enlargement caused by quinestrol alone. Moreover, it reduces the elevation in total enzyme content, diminishing quinestrol's induction of the CYP3A4 enzyme, enhancing the sterilizing effectiveness and efficiency of rodent population control.