bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dopamine Pathway and Parkinson's Risk Variants Are Associated with Levodopa‐Induced Dyskinesia
Authors: Sosero Yuri L. , Bandres‐Ciga Sara , Ferwerda Bart , Tocino Maria T.P. , Belloso Dìaz R. , Gómez‐Garre Pilar , Faouzi Johann , Taba Pille , Pavelka Lukas , Marques Tainà M. , Gomes Clarissa P.C. , Kolodkin Alexey , May Patrick , Milanowski Lukasz M. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Uitti Ryan J. , Heutink Peter , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Simon David K. , Eberly Shirley , Alvarez Ignacio , Krohn Lynne , Yu Eric , Freeman Kathryn , Rudakou Uladzislau , Ruskey Jennifer A. , Asayesh Farnaz , Menéndez‐Gonzàlez Manuel , Pastor Pau , Ross Owen A. , Krüger Rejko ,   the NCER‐PD Consortium, Corvol Jean‐Christophe , Koks Sulev , Mir Pablo , De Bie Rob M.A. , Iwaki Hirotaka , Gan‐Or Ziv ,   the International Parkinson's Disease Genomic Consortium
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundLevodopa‐induced dyskinesia (LID) is a common adverse effect of levodopa, one of the main therapeutics used to treat the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous evidence suggests a connection between LID and a disruption of the dopaminergic system as well as genes implicated in PD, including GBA1 and LRRK2.ObjectivesOur goal was to investigate the effects of genetic variants on risk and time to LID.MethodsWe performed a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) and analyses focused on GBA1 and LRRK2 variants. We also calculated polygenic risk scores (PRS) including risk variants for PD and variants in genes involved in the dopaminergic transmission pathway. To test the influence of genetics on LID risk we used logistic regression, and to examine its impact on time to LID we performed Cox regression including 1612 PD patients with and 3175 without LID.ResultsWe found that GBA1 variants were associated with LID risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–2.26; P = 0.0017) and LRRK2 variants with reduced time to LID onset (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.42; 95% CI, 1.09–1.84; P = 0.0098). The fourth quartile of the PD PRS was associated with increased LID risk (ORfourth_quartile = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03–1.56; P = 0.0210). The third and fourth dopamine pathway PRS quartiles were associated with a reduced time to development of LID (HRthird_quartile = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.07–1.79; P = 0.0128; HRfourth_quartile = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.06–1.78; P = 0.0147).ConclusionsThis study suggests that variants implicated in PD and in the dopaminergic transmission pathway play a role in the risk/time to develop LID. Further studies will be necessary to examine how these findings can inform clinical care. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Feasibility of capturing vessel expansion with 4D‐CTA: Phantom study to determine reproducibility, spatial and temporal resolution
Authors: Linden Sabine M. L. , Stam Lotte B. , Aquarius René , Hering Alessa , de Korte Chris L. , Prokop Mathias , Boogaarts Hieronymus D. , Meijer Frederick J. A. , Oostveen Luuk J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDynamic Computed Tomography Angiography (4D CTA) has the potential of providing insight into the biomechanical properties of the vessel wall, by capturing motion of the vessel wall. For vascular pathologies, like intracranial aneurysms, this could potentially refine diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision‐making.PurposeThe objective of this research is to determine the feasibility of a 4D CTA scanner for accurately measuring harmonic diameter changes in an in‐vitro simulated vessel.MethodsA silicon tube was exposed to a simulated heartbeat. Simulated heart rates between 40 and 100 beats‐per‐minute (bpm) were tested and the flow amplitude was varied, resulting in various changes of tube diameter. A 320‐detector row CT system with ECG‐gating captured three consecutive cycles of expansion. Image registration was used to calculate the diameter change. A vascular echography set‐up was used as a reference, using a 9 MHz linear array transducer. The reproducibility of 4D CTA was represented by the Pearson correlation (r) between the three consecutive diameter change patterns, captured by 4D CTA. The peak value similarity (pvs) was calculated between the 4D CTA and US measurements for increasing frequencies and was chosen as a measure of temporal resolution. Spatial resolution was represented by the Sum of the Relative Percentual Difference (SRPD) between 4D CTA and US diameter change patterns for increasing amplitudes.ResultsThe reproducibility of 4D CTA measurements was good (r ≥ 0.9) if the diameter change was larger than 0.3 mm, moderate (0.7 ≤ r < 0.9) if the diameter change was between 0.1 and 0.3 mm, and low (r < 0.7) if the diameter change was smaller than 0.1 mm. Regarding the temporal resolution, the amplitude of 4D CTA was similar to the US measurements (pvs ≥ 90%) for the frequencies of 40 and 50 bpm. Frequencies between 60 and 80 bpm result in a moderate similarity (70% ≤ pvs < 90%). A low similarity (pvs < 70%) is observed for 90 and 100 bpm. Regarding the spatial resolution, diameter changes above 0.30 mm result in SRPDs consistently below 50%.ConclusionIn a phantom setting, 4D CTA can be used to reliably capture reproducible tube diameter changes exceeding 0.30 mm. Low pulsation frequencies (40 or 50 bpm) provide an accurate measurement of the maximum tube diameter change.
Utility of the Clustering Index method for diagnosing neuromuscular disorders as compared with needle electromyography
Authors: Kanbayashi Takamichi , Ogawa Go , Uesugi Haruo , Kobayashi Shunsuke , Stålberg Erik , Sonoo Masahiro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsConcentric needle electromyography (CNEMG) is an essential examination for evaluating neuromuscular disorders, although pain is a drawback. Clustering Index (CI) method is a non‐invasive quantitative analysis for surface electromyography (SEMG) that evaluates whether the signal area is clustered into the few large motor unit potentials (MUPs) or is evenly distributed. However, the diagnostic yield of the CI method in comparison with CNEMG is not known. In this study, we aimed to compare the sensitivity of the CI method with MUP parameters in CNEMG for diagnosing neurogenic or myogenic disorders.MethodsWe retrospectively identified patients for whom both SEMG and CNEMG were performed on the same tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. In CNEMG, seven MUP parameters were evaluated, including size index (SI) and revised size indices for neurogenic (rSIn) and myogenic (rSIm) disorders.ResultsIdentified were 21 patients with neurogenic and 21 patients with myogenic disorders. Control data were constructed from 30 control subjects. The sensitivities of the CI method for the neurogenic and myogenic groups were 76% and 62%, respectively, which were not significantly different from MUP parameters, except for being significantly higher than those of amplitude and duration for myopathy (24%). Among MUP parameters, the sensitivities of rSIn (62%) and rSIm (57%) for myopathy were significantly higher than those of amplitude and duration. The CI method significantly correlated with the strength of the TA muscle in myopathy.DiscussionThe CI method, having comparable diagnostic yields to MUP parameters, is promising as a non‐invasive diagnostic measure.
Abnormal dynamics of functional connectivity density and effective connectivity in overactive bladder
Authors: Long Zuo , Shuangkun Wang , Tian Tian , Hua Gu , Biao Wang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe study aims to analyze alterations in dynamic functional connectivity density (dFCD) and effective connectivity (dEC) patterns using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), hypothesizing that overactive bladder (OAB) patients will exhibit distinct dFCD and dEC patterns, reflecting altered neural communication underlying the OAB.MethodsForty‐three female OAB patients and 40 female healthy controls (HC) underwent resting‐state fMRI. Sliding window correlation was used to calculate the variability of the dFCD. The changes in dFCD‐based dEC between the two groups were examined using Granger causal analysis. To describe the time‐varying Granger causality, a sliding‐window approach was utilized to divide time courses into a group of windows. We adopted a k‐means clustering method to cluster all matrices into discrete connectivity states.ResultsCompared with HC, OAB females consistently had a dFCD (decreased) in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) (p < 0.05, GRF corrected). In state 1, OAB patients had excitatory effective connections from bilateral ACC to left mPFC in comparison to HC. In state 2, there was an increase in dEC from the SMA to the mPFC. Participants with OAB showed significantly more inhibitory dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) connections between the left ACC and the right ACC in state 4, as well as an excitatory dEC connection between the right dlPFC and the left ACC in state 2 (p < 0.05, GRF corrected).ConclusionOAB patients demonstrate significant alterations in dFCD and dEC patterns, which may be indicative of the neural mechanisms involved in OAB pathophysiology.
Correlation between myelin basic protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid and motor speed in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Enokida Takako , Hattori Kotaro , Ota Miho , Tatsumi Megumi , Hidese Shinsuke , Sato Noriko , Hoshino Mikio , Kunugi Hiroshi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlterations in the white matter have been implicated in schizophrenia. Myelin basic protein (MBP), a component of the myelin sheath, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been suggested as a biomarker for white matter damage in demyelinating diseases. This prompted us to examine the CSF‐MBP levels in patients with schizophrenia. We analyzed the CSF‐MBP levels in 152 patients with schizophrenia and 117 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. A significant positive correlation between age and CSF‐MBP levels was observed both in the patients (p < 0.001) and controls (p = 0.014). No significant difference was observed in the CSF‐MBP levels between the two groups. However, among a subsample of the patients (N = 32), a significantly negative correlation was observed between CSF‐MBP and age‐adjusted motor speed score of the brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (ρ = −0.59, p < 0.001). Further, among patients who underwent diffusional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain (N = 27), the CSF‐MBP levels showed a significantly negative correlation with the mean kurtosis value in the right temporo‐parietal region (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that the CSF‐MBP level has limited utility as a diagnostic marker; however, higher CSF‐MBP levels are associated with poorer motor speed, which may be associated with regional white matter damage in the brain in patients with schizophrenia.
Application of iterative elastic reverse time migration to shear horizontal ultrasonic echo data obtained at a concrete step specimen
Authors: Grohmann Maria , Niederleithinger Ernst , Büttner Christoph , Buske Stefan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ultrasonic echo technique is broadly applied in non‐destructive testing (NDT) of concrete structures involving tasks such as measuring thickness, determining geometry and locating built‐in elements. To address the challenge of enhancing ultrasonic imaging for complex concrete constructions, we adapted a seismic imaging algorithm – reverse time migration (RTM) – for NDT in civil engineering. Unlike the traditionally applied synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), RTM takes into account the full wavefield including primary and reflected arrivals as well as multiples. This capability enables RTM to effectively handle all wave phenomena, unlimited by changes in velocity and reflector inclinations. This paper concentrates on applying and evaluating a two‐dimensional elastic RTM algorithm that specifically addresses horizontally polarized shear (SH) waves only, as these are predominantly used in ultrasonic NDT of concrete structures. The elastic SH RTM algorithm was deployed for imaging real ultrasonic echo SH‐wave data obtained at a concrete specimen exhibiting a complex back wall geometry and containing four tendon ducts. As these features are frequently encountered in practical NDT scenarios, their precise imaging holds significant importance. By applying the elastic SH RTM algorithm, we successfully reproduced nearly all reflectors within the concrete specimen. In particular, we were capable of accurately reconstructing all vertically oriented reflectors as well as the circular cross sections of three tendon ducts, which was not achievable with traditional SAFT imaging. These findings demonstrate that elastic SH RTM holds the ability to considerably improve the imaging of complex concrete geometries, marking a crucial advancement for accurate, high‐quality ultrasonic NDT in civil engineering.
Being diagnosed with a rhabdomyosarcoma in the era of artificial intelligence: Whom can we trust?
Authors: Clerici Carlo Alfredo , Bernasconi Alice , Lasalvia Paolo , Bisogno Gianni , Milano Giuseppe Maria , Trama Annalisa , Chiaravalli Stefano , Bergamaschi Luca , Casanova Michela , Massimino Maura , Ferrari Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the era of big data, young patients may be overwhelmed by artificial intelligence‐based tools, like chatbots. Five clinical experts were asked to evaluate the performance of the most currently used chatbots in providing information on a rare cancer affecting young people, like rhabdomyosarcoma. Generally speaking, despite their high performance in giving general information about the disease, these chatbots were considered by the experts to be inadequate in providing suggestions on cancer treatments and specialized centers, and also lacking in “sensitivity.” Efforts are planned by the pediatric oncology community to improve the quality of data used to train these tools.
International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) Global Mapping Program: Analysis of healthcare centers in countries of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Oncology (SLAOP)
Authors: Gorostegui‐Obanos Maite , Chantada Luisa , Filho Nevicolino Pereira Carvalho , Gonzalez‐Ramella Oscar , Serrano B María J. , Valencia Diana , Sampor Claudia , Macedo Carla , Ramirez Oscar , Sardinas Susan , Lezcano Eva , Calderón Patricia , Gamboa Yessika , Fu Ligia , Gómez Wendy , Schelotto Magdalena , Ugaz Cecilia , Lobos Pablo , Moreno Katiuska , Palma Julia , Sánchez Gisella , Moschella Filomena , Gassant Pascale Yola Heurtelou , Velasquez Thelma , Quintero Karina , Forteza Mariuska , Villarroel Milena , Moreno Florencia , Alabi Soad Fuentes , Vasquez Liliana , Lowe Jennifer , Cappellano Andrea , Challinor Julia , Chantada Guillermo L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe International Society of Paediatric Oncology Society Global Mapping Program aims to describe the local pediatric oncology capacities. Here, we report the data from Latin America.MethodsA 10‐question survey was distributed among chairs of pediatric oncology services. Centers were classified according to patient volume into high‐ (HVC; 100 or more new cases per year), medium‐ (MVC; 31–99 cases), and low‐volume centers (LVC; 30 cases or less), respectively. National referral centers (NRC) were identified.ResultsTotal 307 centers in 20 countries were identified (271 responded), and 264 responses were evaluable, accounting for 78% of the expected cases (21,359 cases per year). Seventy‐seven percent of patients are treated in public centers, including additional support by civil society organizations. We found that 66% of the patients are treated in 70 centers of excellence, including 21 NRC. There was a median of one pediatric oncologist every 21 newly diagnosed patients (44 for NRC), and in 84% of the centers, nurses rotated to other services. A palliative care team was lacking in 25% of the centers. LVC with public funding have significantly lower probability of having a palliative care team or trained pediatric oncology surgeons. Psychosocial, pharmacy, and nutrition services were available in more than 93% of the centers. No radiotherapy facility was available on campus in nine of 21 NRC.ConclusionsMost children with cancer in Latin America are treated in public HVC. There is a scarcity of pediatric oncologists, specialized nurses and surgeons, and palliative care teams, especially in centers with public funding.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation gaps within a pediatric leukemia clinical trial cohort
Authors: Aziz‐Bose Rahela , Cernik Colin , Umaretiya Puja J. , Ilcisin Lenka , Kelly Colleen A. , Valenzuela Ariana , Bruce Charlotte , de Cuba Stephanie Ettinger , Cole Peter D. , Gennarini Lisa M. , Kahn Justine M. , Kelly Kara M. , Michon Bruno , Tran Thai‐Hoa , Welch Jennifer J. G. , Silverman Lewis B. , Bona Kira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPoverty‐exposed children with cancer are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits improve food insecurity and child health outcomes, and could be used to mitigate disparities. We conducted a secondary analysis of parent‐reported data collected in a frontline pediatric leukemia trial (NCT03020030) to assess SNAP eligibility (proxied by other means‐tested program participation) and participation. At diagnosis, 105/287 families (37%) were SNAP‐eligible, of whom 53 (50%) were SNAP participants. At 6 months, 104/257 families (41%) were SNAP‐eligible, and 59 (57%) were SNAP participants. Interventions to increase benefits participation during childhood cancer treatment represent an immediate opportunity to reduce disparities.
Synthesis of multicomponent boron nitride/carbon nanotube conjugated hybrid composite nanosol aqueous sizing agent to improve mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of carbon fiber composites
Authors: Wu Yunhuan , Li Weiwen , Quan Guipeng , Ao Yuhui , Xiao Linghan , Liu Yujing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInterfacial and thermal conductivity issues of carbon fiber composites pose key challenges that restrict their application in the industry. Hence, we prepared an aqueous sizing agent modified with nanosol of boron nitride (BN) and carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrids using sol–gel method to synergistically enhance the interfacial performance and thermal conductivity of carbon fiber (CF) composites. Compared to the unsized CF composites, the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), interfacial shear strength (IFSS), flexural strength and thermal conductivity of the sized composites were increased by 47.0%, 41.4%, 51.0% and 49.5%, respectively. This was attributed to the fact that the BN/CNT nanoparticles contained in the sizing agent increased the specific surface area of the fibers, enlarged the interfacial phase region for stress transfer, and facilitated the formation of strong chemical/physical interactions among the fibers and resin. Additionally, BN and CNT nanoparticles formed a three‐dimensional thermally conductive network on the fiber surface, which promoted the formation of a good heat transfer path between the fibers and resin. This work presents an effective strategy for fabricating CF composites with exceptional mechanical performance and thermal conductivity.Highlights
A BN/CNT nanohybrid sol is prepared by sol–gel method.
A sizing agent is fabricated by modifying WEP through BN/CNT nanohybridised sols.
Sizing agent promotes a good thermal conductivity path between CF and resin.
Sizing agent enhances the mechanical properties of CF composites.
Low‐velocity impact damage behavior of glass fiber reinforced composites with different crack propagation
Authors: Yang Shun , Wei Ying , Yin Hongfeng , Li Dawei , Xue Feibiao , Song Fang , Liu Ziqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGlass fiber‐reinforced resin matrix composites are widely used and studied for their good mechanical and impact resistance properties. In this paper, five glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 (PA6)‐based composites were prepared by mechanical blending combined with the molding process. The flexural strength, shear strength, pendulum impact strength, and low‐velocity impact properties of five composites were comparatively investigated. The crack extension modes of the composites were characterized and analyzed by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and computerized X‐ray tomography (XCT), and the effects of different crack extension modes on the mechanical and impact resistance properties of the composites were researched. Experimental results show that: (1) Cracks in the composite material mainly exist in two expansion modes: transverse propagation parallel to the direction of fiber layup and longitudinal propagation perpendicular to the direction of fiber layup; (2) Different crack extension modes will cause different damage situations to the composites, however, the crack extension mode has minimal impact on the flexural, shear and pendulum impact strength of the composites; (3) The flexural and shear strengths of the composites co‐reinforced using fly ash and glass fibers were preferably 484.5 and 46.1 MPa; (4) The crack extension mode has a significant impact on low‐velocity impact performances of the composite material. The composite co‐reinforced with glass beads (GB) and glass fibers had the best impact resistance, with maximum impact force (Pmax), residual impact force (Pr), and absorbed energy (Ea) of 7015.2 N, 6273.6 N and 15.4 J, respectively.Highlights
The propagation of cracks inside the composites was observed using SEM and XCT etc.
A relationship between crack propagation mode and low‐velocity impact resistance of composites was established.
The low‐velocity impact properties of composites are carefully analyzed.
A stiffness prediction method for variable cross‐section CFRP laminated beam
Authors: Yang Yuxing , Liu Zhen , Zheng Zhi , Zhang Leqiang , Bao Yongjie , Chen Chen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo efficiently design the stiffness of the laminated composite blade‐like structure, an analytical method to assess deformation of variable cross‐section laminated beam under cantilever bending load was developed, in which a local ply density matrix method was introduced to characterize the ply‐up in arbitrary cross‐section after ply drop‐off process and infinitesimal element segment method was used to convert complex variable cross‐section specimen into local equal cross‐section beam structure. The model was validated by the cantilever beam experiment with relative predicted error of stiffness of 5.7%. Inner and outer ply drop‐off models were analyzed using the proposed analytical method. The results show that: (1) stiffness of the outer ply drop‐off model is the highest, at 13.07 N/mm, while that of the inner ply drop‐off model 2 is the lowest, about 17.8% lower than the outer ply drop‐off model; (2) maximum relative deformation difference between the inner ply drop‐off model 2 and outer ply drop‐off model is 21.7% at the free side of the cantilever beam. It indicates that anti‐deformation ability of the variable cross‐section laminated structure can be efficiently designed by the proposed analytical method, especially for the section close to the free side.Highlights
Developed a bending stiffness prediction method for composite beam.
Variable cross‐section feature of the composite laminate was considered.
Local ply density matrix method was introduced to characterize ply drop‐off.
Proposed method was validated by cantilever beam bending experiment.
Inner and outer ply drop‐off models were compared by the proposed method.