bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing stress in schools: teachers coping with special education children
Authors: Braun-Lewensohn Orna 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTeaching is one of the most stressful professions worldwide. This study aimed to explore how teachers cope with teaching – in regular classes – special education children who get some assistance through special integration programs in their schools but no additional assistance in their regular classes. More specifically, I examined coping strategies in two cultural groups of teachers – Jews and Arabs. Furthermore, I investigated how the different coping strategies explain stress reactions of state anxiety and state anger in the two cultures in the background of this special situation. Six hundred and thirty-four Jewish and Arab teachers (80% Jews) completed self-report questionnaires, including Cope, state anxiety and state anger in their free time during the period of November 2010 to January 2011. Significant differences were revealed among Jewish and Arab teachers in usage of coping strategies. Although both Jews and Arabs used mostly “problem solving” strategies, Jewish teachers used these strategies more compared to their Jewish counter-parts, while Arab teachers used more “emotional coping” and “disengagement” strategies. The relationships between the different coping strategies and stress reactions were mostly in the same direction for both groups. However, the strengths of the relationships were significantly different. The obtained variance of anxiety and anger by coping strategies was greater among Jewish teachers than among their Arabs counterparts. The results are discussed in relationship to the Stress and Coping Theory of Lazarus and Folkman. Emphasis is placed on the uniqueness of each culture and how each culture translates interaction with stressful situations into coping strategies.
Intrapersonal competencies and service leadership
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Lin Li 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntrapersonal competencies form the foundation of one’s development, and they are fundamental qualities of leadership competences. Four types of intelligence are highlighted in the literature of positive psychology: intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional intelligence quotient (EQ), adversity quotient (AQ) and spiritual intelligence quotient (SQ). It is argued that these competences are important in a service leader. Through this lecture, it is expected that students will understand the basic concepts and the importance of different intrapersonal competencies (IQ, EQ, AQ and SQ). We also discuss the relationship between these intrapersonal competencies and effective service leadership. Finally, ways to promote different intrapersonal competencies are depicted.
Adolescent developmental assets and service leadership
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Ma Cecilia M.S. , Liu Ting Ting 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn the field of positive youth development, it is generally asserted that developmental assets or positive youth development qualities contribute to positive adolescent developmental outcomes. In the context of training for service leadership, it is argued that the promotion of developmental assets would help university students develop the foundational competence of service leaders. In this paper, the lesson plan of Lecture Eleven in a course entitled “Service Leadership” run in The Hong Kong Polytechnic University is discussed. In the lecture, four developmental assets related to positive identity (self-esteem, self-efficacy, purpose in life and optimism about the future) proposed by Peter Benson are presented. In addition, the possible contribution of different developmental assets to the development of service leadership is highlighted. Moreover, students are encouraged to reflect on their self-identity and explore effective ways to promote their positive self-image.
Clarification of Date Syrup by Activated Carbon: Investigation on Kinetics, Equilibrium Isotherm, and Thermodynamics of Interactions
Authors: Ahdno Hossein , Jafarizadeh-Malmiri Hoda 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The present work studies the removal of colored components from date syrup by activated carbon powder. The clarification process was carried out at an experimental batch set up and the role of activated carbon content, temperature and residence time was investigated on adsorption efficiency. The experimental data were analyzed by intra-particle diffusion, pseudo first- and second-order models. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon increases with increase of process temperature. Adsorption kinetics could be best modeled by the pseudo second-order model. Also, Langmuir isotherm describes the equilibrium data variation better than Freundlich and Temkin equations. The feasibility of adsorption was evaluated by measuring color removal at three temperatures and Van’t Hoff equation was used for computation of Gibbs energy. Thermodynamically, the process is endothermic accompanied with increase in randomness and decrease in Gibbs energy. Finally, the optimum temperature for clarification of date syrup was determined to be 50°C.
Analysis of Cyanotoxins Presence from Experimental Cyanobacteria Concentrations in the Trasona Reservoir (Northern Spain) Using Support Vector Regression
Authors: Alonso Fernández J.R. , García Nieto P.J. , Martínez Torres J. , Díaz Muñiz C. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Cyanotoxins, a kind of poisonous substances produced by cianobacteria, are responsibles for health risks in surface waters used for drinking or for recreation. As a result, anticipate its presence is a matter of importance to prevent risks. The aim of this study is to build a regression model for predicting cyanotoxin presence in the Trasona reservoir (Northern Spain). Some biological parameters related to cyanobacteria and ciantoxin by production are mesasured and the support vector machine (SVM) technique at local scale is applied with success. The results obtained are two-fold. Firstly, the significance of each kind of cyanobacteria on the cyanotoxins presence in the reservoir has been determined, showing the existence of a synergistic behaviour between two species of cyanobacteria. Finally, a predictive model able to forecast the possible presence of cyanotoxins in a short term was obtained.
Non-anachronism in the historical sociolinguistic study of Portuguese
Authors: Marquilhas Rita 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis paper discusses the methods that historical sociolinguists can use in order to avoid anachronism. It is argued that there are four practical ways of triggering a sense of scale, both for external variables that correlate with past language use and for the linguistic data that we inherited from past societies: by learning from social and cultural historians, by visiting judicial archives, by making scholarly digital editions, and by using corpus linguistic statistical procedures. The case study focused on here is Portuguese in the Early Modern period, from the sixteenth century to the early nineteenth century. The size of an ideal sample of informants is discussed, based on the demographic history of Portugal. Furthermore, social categories are established relevant in the context of Portuguese cultural history, taking into account the social world that made sense to Early Modern people. Next, I introduce a corpus of Early Modern letters containing a close-to-conversational register, and discuss two case studies. An analysis of spelling variation in the corpus shows the diachronic dialectal spread of a merger of sibilants. The statistical analysis of keywords shows the pervasiveness of register markers as well as some typical uses found in epistolary communication by social actors from different social strata.
A New High Precision Power Detector of Complex Voltage Signals
Authors: Petrović Predrag B. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A current-mode bipolar power detector based on a novel synthesis of translinear loop squarer/divider is presented. The circuits consist of a single multiple-output current controlled current differencing transconductance amplifier (MO-CCCDTA), two current controlled conveyors (CCCII), and one resistor and one capacitor that are both grounded. The errors related to the signal processing and errors bound were investigated and presented in the paper. The PSpice simulation and experimental results are depicted, and agree well with the theoretical anticipation. The measurement results show that the scheme improves the accuracy of the detector to better than 0.04 % and wide operating frequency range from 50 Hz to 10 MHz. The maximum power consumption of the detector is approximately 5.80 mW, at ±1.2 V supply voltages.
Classification of the Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field Radiation Measurement from the Laptop Computers
Authors: Brodić Darko , Amelio Alessia 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The paper considers the level of the extremely low-frequency magnetic field, which is produced by laptop computers. The magnetic field, which is characterized by extremely low frequencies up to 300 Hz is measured due to its hazardous effects to the laptop user's health. The experiment consists of testing 13 different laptop computers in normal operation conditions. The measuring of the magnetic field is performed in the adjacent neighborhood of the laptop computers. The measured data are presented and then classified. The classification is performed by the K-Medians method in order to determine the critical positions of the laptop. At the end, the measured magnetic field values are compared with the critical values suggested by different safety standards. It is shown that some of the laptop computers emit a very strong magnetic field. Hence, they must be used with extreme caution.
Wolfhart Pannenberg’s Eschatological Theology: In Memoriam
Authors: Youn Chulho 
Published: August 2015

SummaryThe theology of Wolfhart Pannenberg is best defined as an eschatological theology. This article explores how his entire theology is permeated by the eschatological perspective. I first analyze several essential themes of Pannenberg’s eschatological theology and then critically reflect upon major issues relating to them. Finally, I argue that it is the power of God’s love that makes possible the contingency of history and the consummation of the eschatological future, God’s temporality and eternity, God’s dependence upon the world and eternal self-identity, and the unity of the economic Trinity and the immanent Trinity.
Voice, Incarnation and the United States Supreme Court
Authors: Monateri Pier Giuseppe 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate what we mean by “voice” in legal documents. Whose voice is speaking in a Constitution? Does a code of laws have a voice? And, above all, can a judge be said to be a “voice” of the law? As we shall see, this question of the voice speaking in a legal document, is not commonly afforded. Henceforth, we should make reference to literary theories to reappraise the meaning of legal documents from the standpoint of searching for the voice speaking in them. In this way, we shall try to envision a new approach to the legitimacy of reading in order to reframe the problematic relation between the judge as a reader and the texts. This point is of peculiar interest in the actual debate in the United States about the reading of the Constitution, and represents, also, a key factor in comparing different jurisdictions; it is a central point in comparative law and attempts to portray the Geography of the Nomos, through the “representation” of the various “legal voices” that unite, or divide, the different jurisdictional spaces of world governance.
Scale Effect in Direct Shear Tests on Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Authors: Soból Emil , Sas Wojciech , Szymański Alojzy 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The depletion of natural resources is forcing researchers to explore the possibilities of new aggregates, such as recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). In this article, the mechanical properties and the influence of the size of the direct shear box on the obtained parameters were examined. The study was conducted in two apparatus: medium (120 × 120 mm) and large (250 × 250 mm). In each of these devices, a total of 6 tests were performed: 3 for dry sample and 3 at optimum moisture content. From the results, the conclusions described below have been drawn
Improved Formulation of the Hardening Soil Model in the Context of Modeling the Undrained Behavior of Cohesive Soils
Authors: Truty Andrzej , Obrzud Rafał 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The analysis of an important drawback of the well known Hardening Soil model (HSM) is the main purpose of this paper. A special emphasis is put on modifying the HSM to enable an appropriate prediction of the undrained shear strength using a nonzero dilatancy angle. In this light, the paper demonstrates an advanced numerical finite element modeling addressed to practical geotechnical problems. The main focus is put on serviceability limit state analysis of a twin-tunnel excavation in London clay. The two-phase formulation for partially saturated medium, after Aubry and Ozanam, is used to describe interaction between soil skeleton and pore water pressure.
Testing of Undrained Shear Strength in a Hollow Cylinder Apparatus
Authors: Wrzesiński Grzegorz , Lechowicz Zbigniew 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the results of tests performed in a Torsional Shear Hollow Cylinder Apparatus on undisturbed cohesive soils. The tests were performed on lightly overconsolidated clay (Cl) and sandy silty clay (sasiCl). The main objective of the tests was to determine the undrained shear strength at different angles of rotation of the principal stress directions. The results of laboratory tests allow assessing the influence of rotation of the principal stress directions on the value of undrained shear strength that should be used during designing structure foundations
Investigation of the Growth Behaviour of Cobalt Thin Films from Chemical Vapour Deposition, Using Directly Coupled X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Authors: Tchoua Ngamou Patrick Hervé , El Kasmi Achraf , Weiss Theodor , Vieker Henning , Beyer André , Zielasek Volkmar , Kohse-Höinghaus Katharina , Bäumer Marcus 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Thin films and coatings are a basis for many technological processes,
including microelectronics, electrochemistry and catalysis. The
successful deposition of metal films and nanoparticles by chemical
vapour deposition (CVD) needs control over a number of
physico-chemical processes such as precursor and substrate selection,
delivery, temperature, pressure and flow conditions. Here, cobalt thin
films were deposited by means of pulsed-spray evaporation chemical
vapour deposition (PSE-CVD) from ethanol solutions of
Co(acac)2 and Co(acac)3 on bare glass and silicon
substrates. The physico-chemical properties of the grown films were
characterised by XRD (X-ray diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy) and HIM (helium ion microscopy). Co(acac)2
enabled the growth of cobalt metal at lower temperatures than
Co(acac)3. The difference in deposition temperature was
attributed to the ability of ethanol to reduce Co(acac)2
better than Co(acac)3. In addition, the film deposited from
Co(acac)2 exhibited a higher metal content and a less porous
structure than that deposited from Co(acac)3. Increasing the
substrate temperature enhanced the carbon content because of the
thermal decomposition of both precursors. Using a nickel seed layer
improved the growth rate until a critical temperature of
360 ℃, at which the thermal decomposition of the
precursor becomes predominant. A decrease in the deposition
temperature when using the nickel seed layer was only observed with
Co(acac)2 precursor; the growth behaviour under these
conditions was monitored with a unique UHV-compatible PSE-CVD reactor
directly attached to an XPS system and ascribed to an enhancement of
its catalytic reduction by ethanol.
Investigation of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Faeces for the Diagnosis of Giardiasis
Authors: Bond Ashley , Vernon April , Reade Sophie , Mayor Arno , Minetti Corrado , Wastling Jonathan , Lamden Kenneth , Probert Chris 
Published: August 2015

Background: Giardiasis is a common intestinal infection caused by the flagellated intestinal protozoan Giardia duodenalis. Several methods are available for the laboratory diagnosis of Giardia, ranging from the microscopic identification of the parasite trophozoite and cyst stages, to immunodiagnosis and PCR. Giardia has unique metabolic pathways resulting from its lack of mitochondria, making it an ideal target for volatile organic compound (VOC) profiling.
Aim: To characterise the VOC profile of stool infected with Giardia to detect differences from those found in samples of diarrhoea without Giardia or other infections.
Method: Stool was obtained from patients with confirmed Giardia infection and controls with diarrhoea but no identifiable infection. Faecal headspace gas extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to extract and identify VOCs.
Results: More than 100 VOCs were identified when control and Giardia groups were combined, of which 24 showed significant differences between the two groups (p<0.05). Three VOCs had a significantly greater prevalence amongst Giardia cases (p<0.0001) and 9 VOCs showed a significant difference in terms of abundance (p<0.05). AUROC analysis demonstrated a value of 0.902.
Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the VOC profile of stool from subjects infected with Giardia spp, when compared with non-infected controls. These findings can be explained by the unique metabolism of Giardia.
Severe Refractory Anemia in Primary Intestinal Lymphangiectasia. A Case Report
Authors: Balaban Vasile Daniel , Popp Alina , Grasu Mugur , Vasilescu Florina , Jinga Mariana 
Published: August 2015

Background: Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (Waldmann’s disease) is a rare disease characterized by dilated lymphatics in the small bowel leading to an exudative enteropathy with lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia and hypogammaglobulinemia.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 23 year-old male who presented with chronic anemia and in whom primary intestinal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed. A low-fat diet along with nutritional therapy with medium-chain triglyceride supplementation improved the protein-losing enteropathy, but did not solve the anemia. Octreotide was also unsuccessful, and after attempting angiographic embolization therapy, limited small bowel resection together with antiplasmin therapy managed to correct the anemia and control the exudative enteropathy.Conclusions: Although primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is usually adequately managed by nutritional therapy, complications such as anemia can occur and can prove to be a therapeutic challenge.
A Pilot Study of the Effect of Aloe barbadensis Mill. Extract (AVH200®) in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Størsrud Stine , Pontén Irina , Simrén Magnus 
Published: August 2015

Background & Aims: Few effective treatment options exist for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and many patients state the use of aloe vera products reduce their symptoms. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of Aloe barbadensis Mill. Extract (AVH200®) in adult patients with IBS in a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study.
Methods: Sixty-eight adult patients diagnosed with IBS according to the Rome III criteria were randomized to receive AVH200® or matching placebo for four weeks. Symptom questionnaires were completed on a weekly basis and the patients were asked if they had had adequate relief of their gastrointestinal symptoms.
Results: A tendency towards a higher proportion of responders in the aloe vera group (55%) vs. placebo (31%), (p=0.09) was observed, and the proportion of subjects who reported adequate relief at least 50% of the weeks during the treatment period tended to be larger in the aloe vera vs. placebo group (33% vs. 14%; p=0.12). The overall severity of the gastrointestinal symptoms was reduced in the aloe vera group (314±83 vs. 257±107; p=0.003) but not the placebo group (276±88 vs. 253±100; NS), without difference between the groups (p=0.10). AVH200® was well tolerated and no serious adverse events were observed.
Conclusion: Even though the primary endpoint was not met, AVH200® seems to be a promising treatment option for patients with IBS owing to the positive results seen within the secondary endpoints. This study may have been underpowered to detect a clinically meaningful difference between the treatment groups, and therefore larger randomized, controlled studies are required to confirm these results and to elucidate potential mechanisms explaining its effect.
Fundamental Features of 16–18 Years Old Road Cyclists’ Training
Authors: Ališauskienė Rasa , Milašius Kazys 
Published: August 2015

Lithuanian young cyclists are the winners of various international road cycling events, however, methodic of their preparation, change of their body development, as well as of body and functional capacity indices during yearly training cycle have been of little investigation yet. To have as many as possible objective criteria, helping to ensure a more fluent optimization of road cyclists’ training process and observation of change in their preparedness, it is relevant to carry out investigation on basic features of preparedness and training sessions, so that later on this data would be of use in improving preparation of young road cyclists.
The aim of the work was to carry out analysis on young road cyclists’ preparation, change in their body and functional capacities in yearly training cycle, and to provide the summarized results.
The results of the research highlighted good preparation of young Lithuanian cyclists in organizational aspect. Training load in yearly cycle reached 1 213 hours, work on road compiled 1006 hours, work on special cycle ergo meter – 118 hours, and 156 hours were allocated for general preparation. In one year, young athletes participated in 437 training sessions, and during them they overcame 22 115 km by bicycle. Muscle power indices of the investigated when performing short duration work did not experience change during the period of investigation. This typical for road cyclists feature was evidenced, confirming the fact that such physical ability is not characteristic to road cyclists. Young cyclists’ indices of special working capacity and indices of blood respiratory system functional capacity used to increase significantly in yearly training cycle.
The cyclists, who participated in our research, were successful at Lithuanian and international competitions. The athletes’ demonstrated results testimony the appropriately balanced program of their training, and the progress of the athletes’ body and functional power during yearly training cycle. This allows presuming that these athletes have favorable perspectives to perfect their mastership in future.