bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solvatochromic Study of Highly Fluorescent Alkylated Isocyanonaphthalenes, Their π‐Stacking, Hydrogen‐Bonding Complexation, and Quenching with Pyridine
Authors: Nagy Miklós , Rácz Dávid , Lázár László , Purgel Mihály , Ditrói Tamás , Zsuga Miklós , Kéki Sándor 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMono‐ and dialkylated derivatives of 1‐amino‐5‐isocyanonaphthalene (ICAN) were studied as new members of a multifunctional, easy‐to‐prepare fluorophore family, which showed excellent solvatochromic properties. The monoallyl derivative and the starting ICAN exhibited strong fluorescence quenching in the presence of small amounts of pyridine. The formation of a hydrogen‐bonded ground‐state pyridine complex was detected; however, analysis of quantum chemical calculations suggested the presence of an additional π‐stacked pyridine complex. The Stern–Volmer plot of the quenching process exhibited a downward curvature and after reaching a minimum the fluorescence intensity increased back to a significant level at high pyridine concentrations. Significant fluorescence was observed even in pure pyridine. A new mechanism and a simple mathematical equation were derived to explain the downward curvature and the remaining fluorescence by the formation of a fluorescent π‐stacked complex.
Doubly Renewable Cellulose Polymer for Water‐Based Coatings
Authors: Tristram Cameron J. , Mason Jennifer M. , Williams D. Bradley G. , Hinkley Simon F. R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA levulinoyl ester‐containing cellulose polymer is introduced as a waterborne coating. Incorporation of the biomass‐derived levulinic acid proceeds via an unexpected intermediate and provides the unusual feature of a cellulose derivative that is readily chemically modified. The levulinoyl‐cellulose ester could be chemically manipulated, allowing it to be dispersed to generate a waterborne hydrocolloid latex. This was capable of film‐formation at room temperature, and was formulated for use as a coating of high‐renewable content.
Selective Hydrogenation of Furan‐Containing Condensation Products as a Source of Biomass‐Derived Diesel Additives
Authors: Balakrishnan Madhesan , Sacia Eric R. , Bell Alexis T. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate that while the energy density and lubricity of the C15 and C16 products of furan condensation of biomass‐derived aldehydes with 2‐methylfuran are consistent with requirements for diesel, these products do not meet specifications for cetane number and pour point due to their aromatic furan rings. However, a novel class of products that fully meet or exceed most specifications for diesel can be produced by converting the furan rings in these compounds to cyclic ether moieties. Full hydrodeoxygenation of furan condensation products to alkanes would require 55–60 % higher hydrogen demand, starting from biomass, compared to the products of furan ring saturation, providing an additional incentive to support the saturated products. We also report here on a tunable class of catalysts that contain Pd nanoparticles supported on ionic liquid‐modified SiO2 that can achieve complete saturation of the furan rings in yields of 95 % without opening these rings.
Elevation‐dependent responses of tree mast seeding to climate change over 45 years
Authors: Allen Robert B. , Hurst Jennifer M. , Portier Jeanne , Richardson Sarah J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe use seed count data from a New Zealand mono‐specific mountain beech forest to test for decadal trends in seed production along an elevation gradient in relation to changes in climate. Seedfall was collected (1965 to 2009) from seed trays located on transect lines at fixed elevations along an elevation gradient (1020 to 1370 m). We counted the number of seeds in the catch of each tray, for each year, and determined the number of viable seeds. Climate variables were obtained from a nearby (<2 km) climate station (914‐m elevation). Variables were the sum or mean of daily measurements, using periods within each year known to correlate with subsequent interannual variation in seed production. To determine trends in mean seed production, at each elevation, and climate variables, we used generalized least squares (GLS) regression. We demonstrate a trend of increasing total and viable seed production, particularly at higher elevations, which emerged from marked interannual variation. Significant changes in four seasonal climate variables had GLS regression coefficients consistent with predictions of increased seed production. These variables subsumed the effect of year in GLS regressions with a greater influence on seed production with increasing elevation. Regression models enforce a view that the sequence of climate variables was additive in their influence on seed production throughout a reproductive cycle spanning more than 2 years and including three summers. Models with the most support always included summer precipitation as the earliest variable in the sequence followed by summer maximum daily temperatures. We interpret this as reflecting precipitation driven increases in soil nutrient availability enhancing seed production at higher elevations rather than the direct effects of climate, stand development or rising atmospheric CO2 partial pressures. Greater sensitivity of tree seeding at higher elevations to changes in climate reveals how ecosystem responses to climate change will be spatially variable.
Presence of perforin in endomyocardial biopsies of patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy predicts poor outcome
Authors: Escher Felicitas , Kühl Uwe , Lassner Dirk , Stroux Andrea , Westermann Dirk , Skurk Carsten , Tschöpe Carsten , Poller Wolfgang , Schultheiss Heinz‐Peter 
Published: August 2014

AimsIntramyocardial inflammation is considered an adverse prognostic factor in inflammatory cardiomyopathy (CMi). However, the precise nature of immune system factors relevant for the prediction of long‐term course remains elusive. The aim of this study was to analyse the prognostic relevance of perforin in a large cohort of patients with CMi.Methods and resultsWe investigated 495 consecutive patients with suspected CMi, undergoing endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs), and examined haemodynamic measurements after a long follow‐up period (interquartile range 10.2–37.1 months). In EMBs, myocardial inflammation was assessed by histology and immunohistology. At follow‐up, 388 patients (Group I) showed stable mild dysfunction or significant improvement, with LVEF rising from 46.2 ± 14.8% to 64.3 ± 12.3% (P < 0.0001). Lack of improvement of LV function or significant deterioration of LVEF from 42.1 ± 14.2% to 32.3 ± 11.6% (P < 0.0001) was observed in 107 patients (Group II). Multivariable statistical analysis of LVEF and immunohistochemical parameters in all patients revealed that the single most important predictor of LVEF development was detection of perforin in EMBs, with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.922 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.380–14.326; P < 0.001] for deteriorating LVEF. Importantly, baseline LVEF (OR 0.962), LV end‐diastolic diameter (OR 1.847), and other immmunohistochemical parameters (CD3, Mac‐1, CD45R0, LFA‐1, HLA‐1, and ICAM‐1) made minor or insignificant contributions to LVEF course in these 495 patients.ConclusionsIn this EMB‐based analysis of the long‐term course of CMi we identified, for the first time, that detection of perforin in the myocardium is a key predictor of LVEF course.
A detailed study of lid‐driven cavity flow at moderate Reynolds numbers using Incompressible SPH
Authors: Khorasanizade Shahab , Sousa Joao M. M. 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARYLid‐driven cavity flow at moderate Reynolds numbers is studied here, employing a mesh‐free method known as Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). In a detailed study of this benchmark, the incompressible SPH approach is applied together with a particle shifting algorithm. Additionally, a new treatment for no‐slip boundary conditions is developed and tested. The use of the aforementioned numerical treatment for solid walls leads to significant improvements in the results with respect to other SPH simulations carried out with similar spatial resolution. However, the effect of spatial resolution is not considered in the present study as the number of particles used in each case was kept constant, approximately reproducing the same resolutions employed in reference studies available in the literature as well. Altogether, the detailed comparisons of field variables at discreet points demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the new SPH method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flux corrected remapping using piecewise parabolic reconstruction for 2D cell‐centered ALE methods
Authors: Velechovsky J. , Breil J. , Liska R. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryA novel conservative interpolation (remapping) method, in the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian context for numerical solution of Euler equations on unstructured polygonal grids, is presented. Combination of a piecewise quadratic reconstruction and a flux corrected remapping approach provides a simple, symmetry‐preserving and bounds‐preserving method. The positivity of density and specific internal energy is guaranteed. The complete description of the method and both cyclic remapping and full hydrodynamic 2D numerical examples are given. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PROBLEM‐SOLVING STYLES TO THE FACTOR COMPOSITION OF TESTS
Authors: French John W. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThis study was undertaken to learn more about the way in which the characteristics being measured by a test vary with the kind of examinee taking the test or with the problem‐solving style he uses in approaching test problems.Briefly, the procedure for this study included the following steps:(1) The subjects took 15 tests which would later be examined by factor analysis. (2) In order to find out what problem‐solving styles the subjects used, they were required to fill out a questionnaire about their background and their approach to test problems, and were interviewed while they solved items similar to ones they had faced on the tests. In all, more than 100 items of information about each subject were gathered. (3) As an aid in recognizing the important problem‐solving styles in these data, the intercorrelations of the interview, questionnaire, and test variables were factor analyzed. (4) These variables, after being grouped and selected by the factor analysis, were used to divide the subjects into 17 different pairs of subsamples representing different problem‐solving styles or different background characteristics that might be expected to affect the way in which a person solves problems. (5) All subsamples in the 17 pairs and also the whole group were then used in performing separate factor analyses of the same 15 tests, in all of which five factors were extracted and rotated. (6) Factor loadings and factor intercorrelations were compared for the two subsamples in each pair.The problem‐solving approaches used for dividing many of the pairs of subsamples distinguished some kind of systematizing approach from a scanning approach. This is a distinction emphasized by Bloom and Broden and probably related to Gardner's Focusing vs. Scanning and Witkin's Analytic Attitude or Field‐Independence. While some of the divisions into pairs of subsamples revealed no substantial differences either in the loadings of the 15 tests on the five factors or in the intercorrelations of the factors, many interesting differences occurred. In particular the development of a systematic approach to solving the items of a test frequently reduced the loadings of that test on the factor which usually characterized it best. Also, for subjects using a systematic rather than an intuitive or scanning approach to test items, the space factor was usually found to be relatively less correlated with the verbal and mathematical factors and the verbal and mathematical factors were found to be more highly correlated with each other. An attempt is made to account for these findings psychologically by supposing that systematic persons develop specialized techniques for solving the visible, concrete spatial problems that are quite different from the symbolic techniques that they can use for solving problems in either of the symbolic areas, verbal and mathematics.
Uncovering Substance
Authors: Early Jessica Singer , Saidy Christina 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis article shares the process and outcomes from a three‐day revision workshop designed and implemented in a diverse high school language arts classroom. The revision workshop included: direct instruction, self‐reflection, and peer feedback to provide struggling writers with opportunities to take part in substantive revision. The authors examine the impact of this instructional approach on student writing, the role of peer‐led feedback, and student self‐perceptions as writers. This article provides an accessible and adaptable workshop for teaching revision that may be used for teaching of writing across grade level, discipline, and genre.
Minimal Detection of Nuclear Mutations in XP‐V and Normal Cells Treated with Oxidative Stress Inducing Agents
Authors: Herman Kimberly N. , Toffton Shannon , McCulloch Scott D. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTElevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be induced by exposure to various chemicals and radiation. One type of damage in DNA produced by ROS is modification of guanine to 7,8‐dihydro‐8‐oxoguanine (8‐oxoG). This particular alteration to the chemistry of the base can inhibit the replication fork and has been linked to mutagenesis, cancer, and aging. In vitro studies have shown that the translesion synthesis polymerase, DNA polymerase η (pol η), is able to efficiently bypass 8‐oxoG in DNA. In this study, we wanted to investigate the mutagenic effects of oxidative stress, and in particular 8‐oxoG, in the presence and absence of pol η. We quantified levels of oxidative stress, 8‐oxoG levels in DNA, and nuclear mutation rates. We found that most of the 8‐oxoG detected were localized to the mitochondrial DNA, opposed to the nuclear DNA. We also saw a corresponding lack of mutations in a nuclear‐encoded gene. This suggests that oxidative stress’ primary mutagenic effects are not predominantly on genomic DNA.
The Bone Marrow Endosteal Niche: How Far from the Surface?
Authors: Cordeiro‐Spinetti Eric , Taichman Russell S. , Balduino Alex 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTaaHematopoietic stem cells (HSC) self‐renewal takes place in the same microenvironment in which massive hematopoietic progenitor proliferation, commitment, and differentiation will occur. This is only made possible if the bone marrow microenvironment comprises different specific niches, composed by different stromal cells that work in harmony to regulate all the steps of the hematopoiesis cascade. Histological and functional assays indicated that HSC and multipotent progenitors preferentially colonize the endosteal and subendosteal regions, in close association with the bone surface. Conversely, committed progenitors and differentiated cells are distributed in the central and perisinusoidal regions, respectively. Over the last decade, many investigative teams sought to define which cell types regulate the HSC niche, how they are organized, and to what extent they interface with each other. System dynamics requires different stromal cells to operate distinct functions over similar HSC pools rather than a single stromal cell type controlling everything. Therefore, our focus herein is to depict the players in the endosteal and subendosteal regions, named the endosteal niche, a necessary step to better understand the interactions of the HSC within the niche and to identify potential targets to manipulate and/or modulate normal and malignant HSC behavior. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 6–11, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PTH Regulates β2‐Adrenergic Receptor Expression in Osteoblast‐Like MC3T3‐E1 Cells
Authors: Moriya Shuichi , Hayata Tadayoshi , Notomi Takuya , Aryal Smriti , Nakamaoto Testuya , Izu Yayoi , Kawasaki Makiri , Yamada Takayuki , Shirakawa Jumpei , Kaneko Kazuo , Ezura Yoichi , Noda Masaki 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTAs the aged population is soaring, prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing. However, the molecular basis underlying the regulation of bone mass is still incompletely understood. Sympathetic tone acts via beta2 adrenergic receptors in bone and regulates the mass of bone which is the target organ of parathyroid hormone (PTH). However, whether beta2 adrenergic receptor is regulated by PTH in bone cells is not known. We therefore investigated the effects of PTH on beta2 adrenergic receptor gene expression in osteoblast‐like MC3T3‐E1 cells. PTH treatment immediately suppressed the expression levels of beta2 adrenergic receptor mRNA. This PTH effect was dose‐dependent starting as low as 1 nM. PTH action on beta2 adrenergic receptor gene expression was inhibited by a transcriptional inhibitor, DRB, but not by a protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide suggesting direct transcription control. Knockdown of beta2 adrenergic receptor promoted PTH‐induced expression of c‐fos, an immediate early response gene. With respect to molecular basis for this phenomenon, knockdown of beta2 adrenergic receptor enhanced PTH‐induced transcriptional activity of cyclic AMP response element‐luciferase construct in osteoblasts. Knockdown of beta2 adrenergic receptors also enhanced forskolin‐induced luciferase expression, revealing that adenylate cyclase activity is influenced by beta2 adrenergic receptor. As for phosphorylation of transcription factor, knockdown of beta2 adrenergic receptor enhanced PTH‐induced phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB). These data reveal that beta2 adrenergic receptor is one of the targets of PTH and acts as a suppressor of PTH action in osteoblasts. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 142–148, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Zfat‐Deficient CD4+CD8+ Double‐Positive Thymocytes Are Susceptible to Apoptosis With Deregulated Activation of p38 and JNK
Authors: Ishikura Shuhei , Ogawa Masahiro , Doi Keiko , Matsuzaki Hiroshi , Iwaihara Yuri , Tanaka Yoko , Tsunoda Toshiyuki , Hideshima Hiromasa , Okamura Tadashi , Shirasawa Senji 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTZfat, which is a nuclear protein harboring an AT‐hook domain and 18‐repeats of C2H2 zinc‐finger motif, is highly expressed in immune‐related tissues, including the thymus and spleen. T cell specific deletion of the Zfat gene by crossing Zfatf/f mice with LckCre mice yields a significant reduction in the number of CD4+CD8+ double‐positive (DP) thymocytes. However, physiological role for Zfat in T cell development in the thymus remains unknown. Here, we found that Zfat‐deficient DP thymocytes in Zfatf/f‐LckCre mice were susceptible to apoptosis both at an unstimulated state and in response to T cell receptor (TCR)‐stimulation. The phosphorylation levels of p38 and JNK were elevated in Zfat‐deficient thymocytes at an unstimulated state with an enhanced phosphorylation of ATF2 and with an over‐expression of Gadd45α⋅ On the other hand, the activation of JNK in the Zfat‐deficient thymocytes, but not p38, was strengthened and prolonged in response to TCR‐stimulation. All these results demonstrate that Zfat critically participates in the development of DP thymocytes through regulating the activities of p38 and JNK. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 149–157, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
14‐3‐3ζ Reduces DNA Damage by Interacting With and Stabilizing Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
Authors: Gao Xuejuan , Dan Songsong , Xie Yingying , Qin Huanhuan , Tang Donge , Liu Xiaohui , He Qing‐Yu , Liu Langxia 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTProliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a processivity factor of DNA replication which plays critical roles in the regulation of DNA replication and repair. In this study, we show that PCNA interacts directly in vitro and in cells with 14‐3‐3ζ, an adaptor protein that regulates cell growth and response to DNA damage in eukaryotes. The interaction is mediated by at least two PCNA‐binding sites on 14‐3‐3ζ, one of which is a novel non‐canonical PIP (PCNA interacting protein) box. We find that DNA damages induced by UVC irradiation and MMS (methyl methanesulfonate) can enhance both the interaction of these two proteins and their co‐localization with chromatin. Functional analyses suggest that 14‐3‐3ζ stabilizes PCNA possibly by regulating its ubiquitination, which impacts on DNA damage repair and cell viability. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 158–169, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inhibitory Effect of Hsa‐miR‐590‐5p on Cardiosphere‐derived Stem Cells Differentiation Through Downregulation of TGFB Signaling
Authors: Ekhteraei‐Tousi Samaneh , Mohammad‐Soltani Bahram , Sadeghizadeh Majid , Mowla Seyed Javad , Parsi Sepideh , Soleimani Masoud 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe cardiac cells generation via stem cells differentiation is a promising approach to restore the myocardial infarction. Promoted by our primary bioinformatics analysis as well as some previously published data on potential role of hsa‐miR‐590‐3p in cardiogenesis, we have tried to decipher the role of miR‐590‐5p during the course of differentiation of cardiosphere‐derived cells (CDCs). The differentiation induction of CDCs by TGFB1 was confirmed by real‐time PCR, ICC, and flow cytometry. The expression pattern of hsa‐miR‐590‐5p and some related genes were examined during the differentiation process. In order to study the role of miR‐590‐5p in cardiac differentiation, the effect of miR‐590 overexpression in CDCs was studied. Evaluating the expression patterns of miR‐590 and its potential targets (TGFBRs) during the course of differentiation, demonstrated a significant downregulation of miR‐590 and an upregulation of TGFBR2, following the treatment of CDCs with TGFB1. Therefore, we proposed a model in which TGFB1 exerts its differentiation induction via downregulation of miR‐590, and hence the higher transcriptional expression level of TGFBR2. In accordance with our proposed model, transfection of CDCs by a pLenti‐III‐hsa‐mir‐590‐GFP expression vector before or after the first TGFB1 treatment caused a significant alteration in the expression levels of TGFBRs. Moreover, our data revealed that overexpression of miR‐590 before TGFB1 induction was able to attenuate the CDCs differentiation probably via the reduction of TGFBR2 expression level. Altogether, our data suggest an inhibitory role of miR‐590 during the cardiac differentiation of CDCs which its suppression might elevate the rate of differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 179–191, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.