bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between dizziness and sleep: a review of the literature
Authors: van Leeuwen Roeland B. , Schermer Tjard R. , Bienfait Henri P. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe relation between vestibular disorders and (quality of) sleep is underexplored scientifically and the complex interactions between vestibular and sleep disorders are far from being well understood. Some studies have been conducted on the association between patients with vestibular disorders and (the occurrence of) sleep disorders, other studies have been published on the prevalence of dizziness complaints in patients with sleep disorders. The quality of sleep in patients with vestibular disorders generally receives little attention in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo establish what is currently known about the mutual relationship between dizziness and sleep, and to assess whether or not there is evidence of causality with regard to this relationship.MethodsAfter systematically searching four literature database up until 1 April 2024, selected studies were summarized and evaluated through a (critical) review.ResultsUltimately, 42 studies were selected and evaluated. Patients with dizziness in general and patients with a specific vestibular disorder like Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, Vestibular Migraine, Meniere’s disease, and vestibular hypofunction were significantly more likely to have sleep disorders than control groups. A causal relationship is not supported due to the nature of the studies. In patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome there were significantly more vestibular complaints, and more disorders in the vestibular system were identified.ConclusionDizziness complaints often co-exist with a sleep disorder. To what extent this sleep disorder influences dizziness is not clear. Paying attention to the quality of sleep in patients with a vestibular disorder seems to be important. In patients with OSAS, consideration should be given to vestibular complaints and dysfunction.
Weakly supervised large-scale pancreatic cancer detection using multi-instance learning
Authors: Mandal Shyamapada , Balraj Keerthiveena , Kodamana Hariprasad , Arora Chetan , Clark Julie M. , Kwon David S. , Rathore Anurag S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEarly detection of pancreatic cancer continues to be a challenge due to the difficulty in accurately identifying specific signs or symptoms that might correlate with the onset of pancreatic cancer. Unlike breast or colon or prostate cancer where screening tests are often useful in identifying cancerous development, there are no tests to diagnose pancreatic cancers. As a result, most pancreatic cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage, where treatment options, whether systemic therapy, radiation, or surgical interventions, offer limited efficacy.MethodsA two-stage weakly supervised deep learning-based model has been proposed to identify pancreatic tumors using computed tomography (CT) images from Henry Ford Health (HFH) and publicly available Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) data sets. In the first stage, the nnU-Net supervised segmentation model was used to crop an area in the location of the pancreas, which was trained on the MSKCC repository of 281 patient image sets with established pancreatic tumors. In the second stage, a multi-instance learning-based weakly supervised classification model was applied on the cropped pancreas region to segregate pancreatic tumors from normal appearing pancreas. The model was trained, tested, and validated on images obtained from an HFH repository with 463 cases and 2,882 controls.ResultsThe proposed deep learning model, the two-stage architecture, offers an accuracy of 0.907 ± 0.01, sensitivity of 0.905 ± 0.01, specificity of 0.908 ± 0.02, and AUC (ROC) 0.903 ± 0.01. The two-stage framework can automatically differentiate pancreatic tumor from non-tumor pancreas with improved accuracy on the HFH dataset.DiscussionThe proposed two-stage deep learning architecture shows significantly enhanced performance for predicting the presence of a tumor in the pancreas using CT images compared with other reported studies in the literature.
Case report: complete response and long-term survival on third-line immunotherapy in patient with pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Jurić Čuljak Željka , Tomić Snježana , Šitum Kristina , Boraska Jelavić Tihana 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare neoplasm with median survival time range from 8 to 14 months from diagnosis, and the 5-year survival rate less than 10%, indicating a poor prognosis. The standard treatment for unresectable PM for a long time has been polychemotherapy with pemetrexed and cisplatin for fit patients. Currently, the combination of the anti PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab and the anti-CTLA4 inhibitor ipilimumab has been recognized as the best possible frontline therapy (especially in the sarcomatoid or biphasic type) due to improved outcomes compared to the standard chemotherapy combination. There are still no established predictive biomarkers for any type of systemic therapy in this disease.Case presentationPatient who presented with cough and dyspnea has been diagnosed with advanced epithelioid type PM in May 2016. He was treated with three lines of therapy, including an antiangiogenic agent and immunotherapy with pembrolizumab in the third line. Immunotherapy with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab achieved a complete and prolonged response that transferred to long- term survival. Seven years from diagnosis, the patient is still alive. Histological findings showed an unusually immune-inflamed tumor microenvironment possibly leading to excellent response on immunotherapy.ConclusionsThe course of the disease in our patient points out that we need better predictive biomarkers to direct the treatment algorithm, as some of the patients, although chemorefractory to the best chemotherapy option, can sustain great benefit of second-line chemotherapy in combination with antiangiogenic agent, and especially immunotherapy, even in late lines of therapy.
Exploration of the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction for the treatment of ischemic stroke based on CCL2/CCR2 axis
Authors: Li Jingjing , Zhang Lijuan , Xue Sujun , Yu Chao , Li Yumeng , Li Shuangping , Ye Qingping , Duan Xianchun , Peng Daiyin 
Published: August 2024

Background and aimsTaohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription that is effective for ischemic stroke, Whether THSWD regulates the CCL2/CCR2 axis and thus reduces the inflammatory response induced by ischemic stroke is not known. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of action of THSWD in the treatment of ischemic stroke using bioinformatics combined with in vitro and in vivo experiments.MethodsR language was used to analyze middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat transcriptome data and to identify differential gene expression following THSWD treatment. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze the gene set enrichment pathway of MCAO/R rats treated with THSWD. PPI networks screened key targets. The Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMEC) Oxygen Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation (OGD/R) model and SD rat models of MCAO/R were established. FITC-dextran, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and RT-qPCR were performed to identify potential treatment targets.ResultsA total of 515 differentially expressed genes of THSWD in MCAO/R rats were screened and 92 differentially expressed genes of THSWD potentially involved in stroke intervention were identified, including Cd68, Ccl2, and other key genes. In vitro, THSWD reversed the increase in permeability of HBMEC cells and M1/M2 polarization of macrophages induced by CCL2/CCR2 axis agonists. In vivo, THSWD improved nerve function injury and blood-brain barrier injury in MCAO/R rats. Further, THSWD inhibited the infiltration and polarization of macrophages, reduced the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and MMP-9, and increased the expression of IL-4, while reducing the gene and protein expression of CCL2 and CCR2.ConclusionTHSWD may play a protective role in ischemic stroke by inhibiting the CCL2/CCR2 axis, reducing the infiltration of macrophages, and promoting the polarization of M2 macrophages, thereby reducing inflammatory damage, and protecting injury to the blood-brain barrier.
Development of an in vitro compound screening system that replicate the in vivo spine phenotype of idiopathic ASD model mice
Authors: Maeda Kazuma , Tanimura Miki , Masago Yusaku , Horiyama Tsukasa , Takemoto Hiroshi , Sasaki Takuya , Koyama Ryuta , Ikegaya Yuji , Ogawa Koichi 
Published: August 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition characterized by core symptoms including social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and sensory abnormalities. Aberrant morphology of dendritic spines within the cortex has been documented in genetic disorders associated with ASD and ASD-like traits. We hypothesized that compounds that ameliorate abnormalities in spine dynamics might have the potential to ameliorate core symptoms of ASD. Because the morphology of the spine is influenced by signal inputs from other neurons and various molecular interactions, conventional single-molecule targeted drug discovery methods may not suffice in identifying compounds capable of ameliorating spine morphology abnormalities. In this study, we focused on spine phenotypes in the cortex using BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice, which have been used as a model for idiopathic ASD in various studies. We established an in vitro compound screening system using primary cultured neurons from BTBR mice to faithfully represent the spine phenotype. The compound library mainly comprised substances with known target molecules and established safety profiles, including those approved or validated through human safety studies. Following screening of this specialized library containing 181 compounds, we identified 15 confirmed hit compounds. The molecular targets of these hit compounds were largely focused on the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5-HTR). Furthermore, both 5-HT1AR agonist and 5-HT3R antagonist were common functional profiles in hit compounds. Vortioxetine, possessing dual attributes as a 5-HT1AR agonist and 5-HT3R antagonist, was administered to BTBR mice once daily for a period of 7 days. This intervention not only ameliorated their spine phenotype but also alleviated their social behavior abnormality. These results of vortioxetine supports the usefulness of a spine phenotype-based assay system as a potent drug discovery platform targeting ASD core symptoms.
A self-paced online emotion socialization intervention for parents of children with challenging behavior: Tuning in to Kids OnLine
Authors: Havighurst Sophie S. , Mangelsdorf Shaminka N. , Boswell Nikki , Little Jonathon , Zhang Abby , Gleeson Kate , Hussain Aniqa , Harley Ann , Radovini Alessandra , Kehoe Christiane E. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundEvidence-based parenting programs delivered using online technology are an important way to enhance program uptake. To date, programs that address emotion socialization processes, such as Tuning in to Kids, have always been delivered in person, via group or one-to-one delivery. This study used a randomized control design to examine the efficacy of the self-paced Tuning in to Kids OnLine (TIKOL).MethodParticipants were 150 parents of children aged 4-10 years old with challenging behaviors, randomized into intervention or 10-month waitlist control. Parents and teachers completed questionnaires at baseline and 6 months after the intervention (equivalent time points for controls) measuring parent wellbeing, parent emotion socialization, parent efficacy, child behavior, and anxiety.ResultsAnalyses, using mixed methods multilevel modeling, showed that intervention parents reported significantly reduced emotion dismissiveness and increased emotion coaching, empathy and efficacy compared to controls who did not. Parents participating in TIKOL also reported that their children's behavior problems and anxiety were significantly improved. Greater engagement (modules watched and duration of support calls) was associated with more significant improvements.ConclusionFindings provide preliminary support for the efficacy of TIKOL in improving parents' emotion socialization and reducing child behavior problems and anxiety, especially when efforts to support online engagement are utilized. Further evaluation using independent observations and a sample representing a wider demographic would strengthen these findings.Clinical trial registrationAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry No. ACTRN12618000310268.
The relationship between spiritual health, quality of life, stress, anxiety and depression in working women
Authors: Rakhshani Tayebeh , Saeedi Pari , Kashfi Seyyed Mansour , Bazrafkan Leila , Kamyab Amirhossein , Khani Jeihooni Ali 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWhile there are benefits to women entering the workforce, there are also drawbacks, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, which can lower quality of life. However, some research indicates that women’s spiritual health may be a protective factor in these situations. This study is to explore the relationship between spiritual health and quality of life, stress, anxiety, and depression among a population of women working in health care centers, given the existence of such a relationship among women.MethodsIn 2022, 500 women who worked in health centers in Izeh City, Iran, participated in this cross-sectional survey. The clustered census sampling approach was used for the sample. The research participants completed a 12-item quality of life questionnaire on spiritual health, stress, anxiety, and depression as part of the data gathering process. The data were examined using independent t tests, one-way variance, and Pearson correlation after being entered into SPSS-24.ResultsOf the participants, 18% were single and 68% were married. In terms of depression, stress, and anxiety, the mean and standard deviation were 8.26 ± 5.78, 11.26 ± 4.89, and 7.91 ± 0.98, respectively. The quality of life had a mean and standard deviation of 30.82 ± 3.56. Women who were unmarried and had more work experience reported a considerably greater quality of life (p &lt; 0.05). The findings indicated that stress and spiritual health (p = 0.001), anxiety and spiritual health (p = 0.032), and depression and spiritual health (p = 0.024) all had a significant and inverse association. Furthermore, a strong and positive correlation was found (p = 0.001) between spiritual health and quality of life.ConclusionThe study’s conclusions demonstrated a clear link between spiritual health and life satisfaction, suggesting that working women’s quality of life may be raised by treatments that support spiritual health. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a significant inverse relationship between spiritual health and the psychological variables of stress, anxiety, and depression. This suggests that by understanding the factors influencing mental health and the role of spiritual health moderator, it may be possible to improve the psychological state of employed women.
The intergroup dynamics of political cynicism: how perceived discrimination, outsiderness, and social capital relate to political cynicism among Moroccan and Turkish Belgians
Authors: Abts Koen , Van Den Abbeele Jef , Meeusen Cecil , Meuleman Bart 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis study examines how intergroup dynamics shape political cynicism among Belgians of Turkish and Moroccan descent. Concretely, we examine whether perceptions of discrimination, feelings of ethnic outsiderness and social capital (in terms of associational membership) can explain minorities’ belief that political elites are selfish, incompetent, and immoral.MethodsWe analyse data from the Belgian Ethnic Minorities Election Study 2014.ResultsArguing that political cynicism includes blame attribution towards the political establishment, we distinguish between perceived group discrimination by the government, on the labor market, and in everyday life. As expected, political cynicism is closely related to perceptions of government discrimination, with no observed correlation with discrimination in the other domains. Next, we show that perceived ethnic outsiderness is also strongly related to increased feelings of political cynicism, further reinforcing the argument that cynics are concerned with their ethnic group’s excluded status and position in society. Finally, associational membership is only related to lower political cynicism when it is generated exclusively within ethnic boundaries; there was no relationship with cross-ethnic social capital.DiscussionOur findings show that intergroup indicators are highly relevant for understanding minorities’ political cynicism, but that the intergroup dynamics operate in complex and nuanced ways.
Visual detection of chlorpyrifos pesticide residues in foodstuffs using a colorimetric indicator based on copper nanoparticles
Authors: Sheikh Mahdieh , Shekarchizadeh Hajar 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAccurate and simple detection of pesticide residue amounts in food and crops is crucial for human health protection, food safety, environmental impact, trade, and consumer confidence.MethodsConsequently, a colorimetric indicator based on copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was developed for the detection of chlorpyrifos in this study.ResultsThe prepared CuNPs-based colorimetric indicator exhibited color changes from black to green or blue in the presence of chlorpyrifos, visible to the naked eye and without the need for special equipment. An intriguing feature of this indicator was that its color turned blue for chlorpyrifos amounts below the maximum residue limit (MRL) and green for amounts exceeding the MRL. The complex formation of CuNPs with chlorpyrifos via the Cu-S bond, confirmed by FTIR, XPS, and XRD analysis, was responsible for the color change. Subsequently, the structure of CuNPs transitioned from a clustered to an aggregated state, as evident in the TEM images. The selectivity of the synthesized indicator against four other pesticides (glyphosate, malathion, diazinon, and imidacloprid) was investigated, revealing high selectivity against chlorpyrifos. Finally, the performance of the synthesized indicator was validated using real samples, demonstrating its high accuracy and sensitivity.ConclusionIn summary, the prepared indicator represents a promising method for simple, cost-effective, accurate, and highly selective detection of chlorpyrifos.
Novel technique for comminuted patellar fixation using suture tape in spiderweb configuration
Authors: Tee Wei Jie , Yeo Kuei Siong Andy , Chua David Thai Chong , Moo Ing How 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPatella fractures account for 1% of skeletal fractures in orthopedic surgery. Simple two-part patella fractures are uncommon; most fractures are comminuted with significant articular involvement. Traditionally, patella fractures have been fixed using a tension band technique with cerclage wire, which has several complications including soft-tissue irritation, implant migration, and breakage, leading to secondary implant removal in up to 37% of patients. Newer fixation methods using cannulated screws, hook plates, mesh plates, and locking plates show promise but are costly and require extensive soft-tissue dissection. There is a need for a better alternative, especially for the elderly with osteoporotic bones.Recent developmentsVarious authors have described patellar fixation techniques augmented with sutures and suture tape, showing satisfactory outcomes. This paper proposes a novel all-suture tape method for patellar fixation, suitable for common types of patella fractures including AO 34C1.1 (transverse), AO 34C2 (transverse and split), and 34C3 (comminuted). Suture tape is biomechanically superior in both soft tissue and bone.Operative techniqueThe patient is laid supine with the knee in full extension. A standard anterior midline approach is adopted. After reducing the fracture fragments and securing them with K-wires, non-absorbable suture tapes are used instead of cerclage wire. The tapes are passed multiple times through the soft tissue, creating loops that are then tensioned to compress the fracture fragments. The technique is completed by creating a tension band fixation with additional suture tapes.Expected outcomesThis technique offers several benefits, including reduced operative time, minimized soft-tissue dissection, and lower risk of implant prominence and irritation. The suture tape's superior tensile strength and low tissue reactivity reduce complications and the need for secondary surgeries. Early results from two cases show union achieved at 3 months without complications, with patients regaining full range of motion.ConclusionThis preliminary technical paper demonstrates the feasibility of using non-metallic implants for patella fracture fixation. The proposed method shows promising results, suggesting a potential shift in the approach to fracture fixation. Further research and larger cohort studies are needed to validate these findings.
Polydopamine-Cloaked Nanoarchitectonics of Prussian Blue Nanoparticles Promote Functional Recovery in Neonatal and Adult Ischemic Stroke Models
Authors: Zhao Yijing , Song Cong , Wang Haijun , Gai Chengcheng , Li Tingting , Cheng Yahong , Liu Junjie , Song Yan , Luo Qian , Gu Bing , Liu Weiyang , Chai Liwei , Liu Dexiang , Wang Zhen 
Published: August 2024

Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory response contribute to secondary damage following ischemic insult. Nanozymes with robust anti-oxidative stress properties possess therapeutic possibility for ischemic insult. However, insufficiency of nanozyme accumulation in the neuronal mitochondria hindered their application. Herein, we constructed polydopamine-coated Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB@PDA NPs) to realize the targeting neuronal mitochondria for ischemic stroke, with the properties of antioxidant and anti-inflammation. After administration, much higher accumulation of PB@PDA NPs in the brain was observed compared to that in the PB NP group. Moreover, PB@PDA NPs effectively attenuated brain infarct than that of PB NPs in neonatal mice following hypoxia–ischemia (HI) insult. PB@PDA NPs mainly colocated with neuronal mitochondria in vivo and in vitro. Apart from attenuating oxidative stress, PB@PDA NPs also suppressed neuronal apoptosis and counteracted inflammation, which effectively promote a short- and long-term functional recovery in HI mice. Further, the therapeutic efficacy of PB@PDA NPs was also found in adult ischemic mice via tail vein injection. Collectively, these findings illustrate that PB@PDA NPs via system injection accumulate in neuronal mitochondria and are beneficial for ischemic stroke.