bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drainage Impact on Plant Cover and Hydrology of Aukštumala Raised Bog (Western Lithuania)
Authors: Jarašius Leonas , Matulevičiūtė Dalytė , Pakalnis Romas , Sendžikaitė Juratė , Lygis Vaidotas 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
One-third of the former Aukstumala raised bog (western Lithuania) has been preserved as Telmological Reserve since 1995, while the remaining territory is still under active industrial peat mining or are abandoned peat harvesting fields. The present study was carried out in 2013 and aimed to assess long-term human impact on the structure of plant cover and hydrology of Aukstumala raised bog. On the basis of vegetation assessment (Twinspan analysis), four habitat types were identified: i) active raised bog, ii) degraded raised bog drained by ditches, iii) contact zone of the bog and the peat mining fields and iv) recently burnt areas. The largest anthropogenic impact on vegetation cover was found in the degraded raised bog drained by the ditches and in the burnt area, where the proportion of plant species atypical to ombrotrophic raised bogs was the highest. Water electrical conductivity negatively correlated (r = -0.57) with bog water level, whereas correlation between pH and bog water level was weaker (r = -0.38). Water level in the active raised bog was significantly higher than in the rest three habitat types. Electrical conductivity values in the active raised bog were significantly lower compared to the degraded raised bog and burned area habitats. In order to recreate favourable conditions for peat accumulation and natural functioning of bog ecosystem, mean bog water level should be raised at least up to -32 cm (the optimum water level assigned for most of the typical ombrotrophic species fell into the range of -20 - -32 cm).
Fabrication of Size-Tunable Silica Particles During Seed-Growth Process
Authors: Jarzębski Maciej , Śliwa Tomasz , Jarzębska Małgorzata , Szutkowski Kosma 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The size control is one of the most important factors during seed-growth process. Although precise determination of ingredients concentrations is easily controllable during the growth process, there is still a possibility to synthesize oversized particles. Nanosized fluorescent silica particles were synthetized using Stöber process and verified using three complementary methods of particle size determination, namely Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Particle Tracking (PT) as well as by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Confocal Microscopy. The final diameter was verified by DLS and estimated to 494 nm. Parameters necessary to control the size were derived.
Testing Sorption Properties of Halloysite by Means of the Laser Interferometry Method
Authors: Wąsik Sławomir , Arabski Michał , Maciejec Karolina , Suchanek Grażyna , Świercz Anna 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The objective of the present study has been to test the laser interferometry method in terms of its usability for investigating sorption properties of minerals. This method was used to test the absorption capacity of halloysite with reference to glucose, which is often found in industrial wastewater and whose excess can disturb the environmental eco-balance. The sorption capacity of halloysite was thus determined indirectly, basing on the comparison of concentration profiles as well as time characteristics of glucose quantities released from the control solution and from the solution incubated with a halloysite adsorbent. An analysis of glucose diffusion was conducted in a two-chamber membrane system. On the basis of the obtained concentration profiles, the evolution of the concentration field was determined; so were the removal efficiency (%) and the amount of glucose adsorbed at equilibrium (qe
, mg/g). The obtained results confirm good sorption properties of halloysite with respect to the investigated substance as well as usability of the method for this kind of investigations. The presented tests suggest that the measurement set-up can be optimised in such as way that visual rendering and testing the kinetics of the adsorbed substance direct release from the studied material become possible.
Pulse Wave Shape Analysis of the Cardiovascular System Using High Signal Resolution
Authors: Szymił Anna , Krzyminiewski Ryszard , Dobosz BERNADETA , Pająk ADAM , Szyszka ANDRZEJ , Ładzińska MAŁGORZATA 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to carry out the FMD (flow - mediated dilatation) and NID (nitroglycerin-induced dilatation) tests in the case of patients with hypertension by using new measurement method - High Signal Resolution Pulse Wave (HSR PW). The paper presents new diagnostic method HSR PW which was used to evaluate the pulse wave in patients with arterial hypertension. HSR-PW is a method based on increasing the resolution of the pulse wave signal, recorded during a standard test using the Fourier Transform. The study involved twenty-four patients with hypertension and fifteen healthy people as a control group. The analysis showed that changes of the shape of the pulse wave in HSR PW took place in both groups conducting the FMD and NID tests. The HSR PW method proved to be more sensitive to changes in the body then the standard pulse oximeter and therefore may increase clinical practicability.
On the Possibility of Indirect Determination of the Glass Transition Temperature of Proteins from Viscosity Measurements and Avramov's Model
Authors: Monkos Karol 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the results of viscosity determinations on aqueous solutions of hen egg-white lysozyme, bovine ß-lactoglobulin, human and porcine immunoglobulin IgG at a wide range of concentrations and at temperatures ranging from 5oC to 55oC. Viscosity-temperature dependence of the proteins solutions is analyzed based on a formula resulting from the Avramov's model. One of the parameters in the Avramov's equation is the glass transition temperature Tg. It turns out that for all studied proteins, the Tg of the solution increases with increasing concentration. To determine the glass transition temperature of the dry protein Tg,p, a modified form of the Gordon-Taylor equation is used. This equation gives the relationship between Tg and the concentration of the solution, and Tg,p and a parameter dependent on the strength of protein-solvent interaction are fitting parameters. Thus determined the glass transition temperature for the studied dry proteins is in the range from 227.3 K (for bovine ß-lactoglobulin) to 260.6 K (for hen egg-white lysozyme).
Global Challenges and New Approaches in the Common Agricultural Policy 2014 - 2020
Authors: Bánhegyi Gabriella 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Unfavorable environmental issues raise attention globally toward the concept of sustainability. Agriculture is not only a sector influenced greatly by environmental conditions, but at the same time, as the most important utilizer of land, a major shaper of the environmental conditions. When forming agricultural policies special attention should be paid to issues such as climate change, scarcity of fresh water, food shortage and biodiversity loss — just to name some of them. The new European general strategy for the upcoming 7 years period has brought new measures for the agricultural policy as well, environment and sustainability being among the top issues.
Analysis of the Agrarian Land Reform in Uzbekistan During the Soviet Era and After Transition
Authors: Ismailova Aygul , Baynazarov Elmurod 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to review the development of land tenure process in Uzbekistan from the times of socialism up to current days. Based on the results of the analysis we found out that structure of land tenure in Uzbekistan before 1917 was different. After the implementation of the agrarian reforms in December 1925 by Soviet government, the land was nationalized in Uzbekistan. However, during transition period the structure of land tenure after the establishment of new land reforms was significantly diversified in Uzbekistan. Success of the land reforms is very important for Uzbekistan in providing stable growth in the country. Given analysis is based on data from official statistical organizations, international organizations and other research materials.
Ukrainian Sanitary and Phytosanitary Laws Approximation to EU Acquis Under Association Agreement Including Agreement on Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA)
Authors: Kepych Taras 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The paper reviews the achievements to date in legal approximation in the sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) field in Ukraine. Effective regulatory approximation in the SPS field was critical to anchoring the reform process in Ukraine and to fostering further progress in EU’s relations with this Eastern Partnership (EaP) country. This paper highlights three major problems in Ukraine that were hindering reform in the SPS field: inconsistency between Ukrainian and EU food safety legislation, lack of uniformity between animal health law regimes, absence of a single SPS regulator. Legal implementation of approximated legislation still remains as key challenge. The paper offers recommendations to improve the Ukraine’s approach so that the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) is part of the Association Agreement (AA) between the EU and the Republic of Ukraine could fulfill its potential.
Sylvicultural procedures in catchment areas of the mountain streams as exemplified by the Skrzyczne massif in Poland
Authors: Małek Stanisław , Barszcz Józef , Majsterkiewicz Krzysztof 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Extensive disintegration of spruce forests in the Beskidy Mts. in South Poland generates a need to regenerate sizeable areas as well as to rebuild forest stands which have defended themselves against breakdown. In practice, the magnitude of relevant management tasks does not allow for keeping up with the progressive destruction of forest, especially at higher altitudes, where natural regeneration does not occur as much as necessary. In addition, the species composition is limited to spruce, sometimes accompanied by beech and fir, whereas other species have a negligible share. What may be helpful in solving this problem is the method of regeneration of such areas and of establishment of under-canopy cultures, consisting of patchwork, multi-stage regeneration task performance, starting from the areas with the best chance of reforestation success and using the existing self-sown trees. Such areas undoubtedly include habitats with better water balance, i.e. humid habitats (in the case of larger areas, distinguished in the forest management plan as humid forest site types). The aim of the present study was to propose management of watercourses and headwater areas in the region of the Skrzyczne massif where the selected catchments are situated on the southern (the Malinowski Stream) and the northern (the Roztoka Czyrna stream) slopes of this massif. The research was carried out in August 2012 and included juxtaposition of available hydrological maps with actual field conditions along with identification of springs and streams and the course of their beds in order to update the existing data. The updating of the forest numerical maps in the existing databases of the State Forests IT System (SILP) included verification of the course of streams and determination of their nature (permanent or periodic) with a division into the existing ones and the added ones. The data was recorded against the background of the division of the forest surface, contour lines, major roads, climate and plant floors and forest habitat types. The total length of streams was ascertained. The catchment areas and areas along their beds were determined by adopting variable distances from the beds, depending on climate and plant zones and the slope gradient. The adopted distances were: 5 m in the upper forest zone, 10 m in the middle forest zone, 20 m in the lower forest zone on both sides of the bed and in the headwater area within the radius of 10 m from a source. Specific sylvicultural procedures in headwater areas and in the neighbourhood of watercourses were described in each climatic and vegetation zones.
Sustainable forest management in Poland – theory and practice
Authors: Kruk Hanna , Kornatowska Bożena 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The conception of sustainable development has been implemented into practice in numerous economic sectors, including forestry. Forest ecosystems are extremely important in the global ecological system, therefore maintenance and appropriate management of forest resources according to sustainable development principles have engaged a great deal of attention. The concept of sustainable forest management (SFM) encompasses three dimensions: ecological, economic and social. A powerful tool to promote SFM are criteria and indicators. The aim of the article was evaluation of SFM in Poland, using one of the methods proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). According to data available, Polish forestry has a number of advantages: Poland has avoided the problem of deforestation, forest area has been permanently increasing, there has been observed improvement of forest health and vitality as well as a significant share of forests has carried out protective functions with no impact on timber production. Poland’s model of SFM is an adaptive process of balancing the ever-changing set of economic, environmental and social expectations. Such a complicated undertaking requires constant assessing and adjusting forest practices, in response to new circumstances, scientific advances and societal input
Effects of botanical antifeedants on Melolontha melolontha grub feeding on Scots pine roots
Authors: Skrzecz Iwona , Sowińska Alicja , Janiszewski Wojciech 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using botanic antifeedants to reduce the damage caused by Melolontha spp. grubs. To achieve the objective, the experiments were established in semi-field conditions to estimate the antifeedant activity of rutin, quercetin (flavonoids from buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum) and an extract from black alder Alnus glutinosa leaves against Melolontha melolontha grubs. The grubs were placed individually in the pots with a soil in which 2 year old Pinus sylvestris trees were planted. The pots were put in garden pavilions placed in the open area. Then the soil in the pots were watered with the emulsions of rutin, quercetin, an extract from A. glutinosa leaves, and with pure water-comparative variant. After 4 months, the weight and mortality of grubs were compared, as well as the weight of tree roots in all pots.
There was no effect of the antifeedants on the development and extent of damage caused by M. melolontha grubs. The results do not indicate the use of botanic antifeedants in the protection of forests against the cockchafer grubs
Reducing the Impact of Uncertainties in Networked Control Systems Using Type-2 Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Michal Blaho , J´n Murgaš , Eugen Viszus , Peter Fodrek 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The networked control systems (NCS) have grown in popularity in recent years. Despite their advantages over the traditional control schemes, some of their drawbacks emerged as well (time delays, packet losses). There are several ways of dealing with the time delays and packet losses in NCS, but only a few authors have ever used type-2 fuzzy controllers for this purpose to our knowledge. This paper is aimed at dealing with the negative effects that occur in NCS, by using type-2 fuzzy control systems. It is presented that this approach can be successfully used to decrease the effects of time delays and packet losses. A type-2 fuzzy controller has been designed and compared to a type-1 fuzzy controller. The intervals of type-2 fuzzy controller were optimized via genetic algorithm.
IP Multimedia Subsystem—Dimensioning of the Home Subscriber Server Database
Authors: Milan Kellovský , Ivan Baroňák 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The article describes the architecture and standardization of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) from the perspective of the new generations of networks (NGN). Further, it discusses the database structure and derives the Home Subscriber Server (HSS) equation to be used for designing the load of this database in two proposed scripts. At the end the article compares the plot of each method and evaluates which method is preferable.
Electron Beam Lithography Double Step Exposure Technique for Fabrication of Mushroom-Like Profile in Bilayer Resist System
Authors: Kornelia Indykiewicz , Bogdan Paszkiewicz , Tomasz Szymański , Regina Paszkiewicz 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Hi/Lo bilayer resist system exposure in e-beam lithography (EBL) process, intended for mushroom-like profile fabrication, was studied. Different exposure parameters and theirs influence on the resist layers were simulated in CASINO software and the obtained results were compared with the experimental data. The AFM technique was used for the estimation of the e-beam penetration depth in the resist stack. Performed numerical and experimental results allow us to establish the useful ranges of the exposure parameters.
Ohmic Conacts to p-GaN on the Basis of Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Jozef Liday , Peter Vogrinčič , Viliam Vretenár , Mário Kotlár , Marián Marton , Miroslav Mikolášek , Vlastimil Řeháček 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We have designed and verified a new structure for ohmic contacts to p-GaN based on a layer of carbon nanotubes (CNT), reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) and metallic layers of Cr, Pd and Au, namely in configurations Au/Cr/r-GO/CNT/p-GaN and Au/Pd/r-GO/CNT/p-GaN. The effects have been studied of the annealing temperature and the gas ambient upon the electrical properties of the contacts. Annealing of the Au/Pd/r-GO/CNT/p-GaN structure in air at 500°C for 1 minute resulted in linear I - V curves measured between planar electrodes on the p-GaN. Hence, addition of r-GO to the CNT interlayer between p-GaN and the metallization layer is a highly promising procedure for further improvements of the ohmic contacts to p-GaN.
Changes in the distribution of quantitative features of guest houses in the Medina of Marrakesh
Authors: Kałaska Maciej 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
At the turn of the 20th century a rapid development of the tourism colonization space in the Medina of Marrakesh began, which consisted mostly of the conversion of historical dwelling houses into private residential hotels or guest houses. The aim of the article is to present a thorough study of the progressive changes in the distribution of quantitative features of the guest houses in various parts of this old town. The cartographical method was utilised, using maps presenting the localization of the guest houses and the average accommodation capacity indicator for buildings in various quarters of the Medina. The distribution of particular features is compared for selected years (1999, 2002, 2005 and 2008). Furthermore, the article engages in polemics with the remarks of other authors dealing with the subject, concerning the distribution of the guest houses and conditions of changes in the aforementioned process.
Aspects of rendering the sacred Tetragrammaton in Greek
Authors: Vasileiadis Pavlos D. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis article recounts the persistent use of the sacred Tetragrammaton through the centuries as an „effable,“ utterable name at least in some circles, despite the religious inhibitions against its pronunciation. A more systematic investigation of the various Greek renderings of the biblical name of God is provided. These renderings are found in amulets, inscriptions, literary works, etc., dating from the last few centuries B.C.E. until today. It will be illustrated that some forms of the Tetragrammaton were actually accepted and used more widely within the Greek religious and secular literature since the Renaissance and especially since the Modern Greek Enlightenment. Furthermore, it is asserted that for various reasons there is no unique or universally “correct” rendering of the Hebrew term in Greek. Of special note are two Greek transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton, one as it was audible and written down by a Greek-speaking author of a
Preliminary Outcome of Treatment of Postoperative Primarily Closed Sternotomy Wounds Treated Using Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
Authors: Witt-Majchrzak Anna , Żelazny Piotr , Snarska Jadwiga 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHospital infections, and in particular infections of the surgical site are a common problem of the procedural departments. Due to continuous progress of surgical techniques and patient population getting older with multiple co-morbidities, multidirectional actions need to be taken to avoid these infections or, if they do occur, achieve optimal treatment outcomes. Vacuum wound therapy is one of the directions that has been developed over the recent years.evaluate wound healing in patients after an off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting procedure, using the internal mammary artery, treated with negative pressure wound therapy system.This prospective, open label study evaluated healing of postoperative sternotomy wounds after their primary closure with negative pressure wound therapy, using continuous negative pressure of -80 mmHg in 40 patients and 40 patients in a control group in whom conventional dressings were applied in the postoperative period.The number of patients in whom primary wound healing occurred without complications was significantly higher in the negative pressure wound therapy group versus the control group (xNegative pressure wound therapy after primary wound closure reduces the risk of superficial infections in the population with multiple risk factors of complications in the sternotomy wound healing.
Clinical Significance of Van Nuys Prognostic Index As A Qualification Criterion to Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients Diagnosed with Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Authors: Nowikiewicz Tomasz , Wiśniewska Magdalena , Wiśniewski Michał , Zegarski Wojciech 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDiagnose of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) requires, at least in a part of cases, assessment of auxiliary lymph nodes.was to analyze clinical value of Van Nuys Prognostic Index (VNPI) as the important criterion for qualification of DCIS patients to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB).Analysis included patients diagnosed with DCIS and qualified to SLNB, operated in years 2004-2013. We performed a statistical analysis to assess correlation between VNPI value and positive pathological verification of excised sentinel lymph node (SLN). The influence of other clinical factors on presence of metastases in SLN was also determined.3,6% of DCIS patients were diagnosed with metastases in SLN. Metastases were diagnosed in 6.7% patients with VNPI > 10 points vs 3.4% in patients with VNPI < 10 points. In 75% of patients with metastatic SLN the value of VNPI was at least 10 points.In premenopausal patients metastases in SLN were diagnosed in 8.1% of cases vs 1.4% in postmenopausal patients. In patients diagnosed with cancer of the other breast metastases in SLN were found in 6.3% of cases vs 3.2% in one-sided cancer. Patients with multifocal cancer were over twice as often diagnosed with metastases in SLN (5% vs 2%). There was no correlation found between VNPI value and positive pathological verification of SLN. No differences between prevalence of SLN metastases depending on selected clinical features were found.Recommendation of VNPI as the criterion of qualification to SLNB starting with 10 points could be more favourable in patients with DCIS. Deciding on SLNB in DCIS patients, we should also take into consideration other clinical features.