bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based shear force quality prediction of ultrasonic wire bonds: utilizing process data and machine data without additional sensors
Authors: Buchner Christoph , Seidler Christian T. , Huber Marco F. , Eigenbrod Hartmut , von Ribbeck Hans-Georg , Schlicht Franz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUltrasonic wire bonding is a highly automated production process that is used billions of times a year in the electronics and electromobility industries. Due to the complexity of the process and the large number of influencing parameters, there are currently no automated methods that can be used without additional sensors to evaluate the shear force bond quality quantitatively and non-destructively with sufficiently high precision. For this reason, this paper presents a new methodology that uses machine learning to enable quantitative, non-destructive prediction of bond quality without additional sensors. For this purpose, a machine learning algorithm was developed that uses various machine data and process data from existing sensors to quantitatively predict the shear force of the bonded joint. In addition, features are extracted from process time series, such as current, power, and frequency of the ultrasonic generator as well as deformation during bonding. Of the total of 2,090 features considered, the number of features could be reduced to 26 by recursive feature elimination, while maintaining the prediction accuracy. By using optimized deep neural networks, on average, a prediction precision of the regression on the shear force of the source bond of over 89.6% R2-score and a mean absolute error of 241 cN can be achieved.
Efficient approximation of stochastic turning process based on power spectral density
Authors: Fodor Gergő , Bachrathy Dániel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTurning is one of the most important material removal processes in manufacturing, where the proper understanding of the process is crucial for the quality of the final product. In this study, the stochastic cutting force is utilized to enhance the existing 1-degree-of-freedom turning model. A stochastic model is adopted to address the stochastic resonance phenomenon occurring near stability boundaries. Additionally, a novel simplified stochastic model is introduced with additive noise only. The comparison of the two models reveals that, with the recommended noise intensity of 0.1 to 1%, there is no significant difference in the stability charts and mean square characteristics between the two models. As a result, the time-consuming numerical methods can be bypassed, as the simplified model offers a computationally more efficient analytical approach to compute variance based on power spectral density (PSD). By combining techniques such as D-separation to determine stability boundaries and the PSD-based variance calculation, it only takes a minute instead of hours to construct a heatmap using the introduced simplified stochastic turning model that clearly outlines dangerous stochastic resonance regions inside the stable domain.
Alteration of β-glucan in the emerging fungal pathogen Candida auris leads to immune evasion and increased virulence
Authors: Selisana Shiela Marie Gines , Chen Xinyue , Mahfudhoh Eny , Bowolaksono Anom , Rozaliyani Anna , Orihara Kanami , Kajiwara Susumu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCandida auris is an emerging pathogenic yeast that has been categorized as a global public health threat and a critical priority among fungal pathogens. Despite this, the immune response against C. auris infection is still not well understood. Hosts fight Candida infections through the immune system that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as β-glucan, mannan, and chitin on the fungal cell wall. In this study, levels of β-glucan and mannan exposures in C. auris grown under different physiologically relevant stimuli were quantified by flow cytometry-based analysis. Lactate, hypoxia, and sublethal concentration of fluconazole trigger a decrease in surface β-glucan while low pH triggers an increase in β-glucan. There is no inverse pattern between exposure levels of β-glucan and mannan in the cell wall architecture among the three clades. To determine the effect of cell wall remodeling on the immune response, a phagocytosis assay was performed, followed by quantification of released cytokines by ELISA. Lactate-induced decrease in β-glucan leads to reduced uptake of C. auris by PMA-differentiated THP-1 and RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, reduced production of CCL3/MIP-1⍺ but not TNF-⍺ and IL-10 were observed. An in vivo infection analysis using silkworms reveals that a reduction in β-glucan triggers an increase in the virulence of C. auris. This study demonstrates that β-glucan alteration occurs in C. auris and serves as an escape mechanism from immune cells leading to increased virulence.
Gastrointestinal toxicities of proteasome inhibitor therapy
Authors: Shah Jay , Devalaraju Samanthika , Baerman Elliot , Lee Irene Jeong-Ah , Takigawa Kei , Machado Antonio Pizuorno , Catinis Christine , Shatila Malek , Varatharajalu Krishnavathana , Shafi Mehnaz , Lee Hans C. , Strati Paolo , Thomas Anusha , Wang Yinghong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs), which cause cell death via tumor suppressor and pro-apoptotic proteins, are integral to treatment of many hematologic malignancies but are limited by their gastrointestinal adverse effects. Evidence regarding these PI-related adverse effects is scant. In this study, we evaluated gastrointestinal adverse events caused by PIs and compared gastrointestinal toxicities between bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of cancer patients treated with PIs at a tertiary care cancer center to investigate the clinical characteristics of PI-related gastrointestinal adverse events.

Results
Our sample comprised 973 patients with PI exposure and stool studies ordered between January 2017 and December 2022. Of these, 193 patients (20%) had PI-related gastrointestinal toxicity based on clinical symptoms and stool study results. The most common symptom was diarrhea, present in 169 (88% of those with gastrointestinal toxicity). Twenty-two (11%) required hospitalization, and 71 (37%) developed recurrence of symptoms. Compared to bortezomib or carfilzomib, ixazomib had a longer interval from PI initiation to the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms (313 days vs 58 days vs 89 days, p = 0.002) and a significantly lower percentage of diarrhea-predominant presentation of gastrointestinal toxicity (71% vs 96% vs 91%, p = 0.048).

Conclusion
While PI-related gastrointestinal toxicities have various presentations and courses based on different regimens, the vast majority of patients presented with milder disease behavior. Despite a considerably high rate of hospitalization and recurrence after treatment necessitating optimization of clinical management, our cohort demonstrates favorable outcomes without long-term consequences.
Co-crosslinking strategy for dual functionalization of small magnetic nanoparticles with redox probes and biological probes
Authors: Chen Ye , Chen Feixiong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSurface functionalization strategy is becoming a crucial bridge from magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to their broad bio-application. To realize the multiple functions of MNPs such as magnetic manipulation, target capture, and signal amplification in their use of electrochemical biosensing, co-crosslinking strategy was proposed here to construct dual-functionalized MNPs by combining ultra-sensitive redox moieties and specific biological probes. In this work, MNPs with a TEM size of 10 nm were synthesized by co-precipitation for amination and PEGylation to maintain colloid stability once dispersed in high-ionic-strength buffer (such as phosphate-buffered saline). Then, MNPs@IgG were prepared via the bis(sulfosuccinimidyl) suberate (BS3) cross-linker to conjugate these IgG onto the MNP surface, with a binding efficiency of 73%. To construct dual-functionalized MNPs, these redox probes of ferrocene-NHS (Fc) were co-crosslinked onto the MNP surface, together with IgG, by using BS3. The developed MNPs@Redox@IgG were characterized by SDS‒PAGE to identify IgG binding and by square wave voltammetry (SWV) to validate the redox signal. Additionally, the anti-CD63 antibodies were selected for the development of MNPs@anti-CD63 for use in the bio-testing of exosome sample capture. Therefore, co-crosslinking strategy paved a way to develop dual-functionalized MNPs that can be an aid of their potential utilization in diagnostic assay or electrochemical methods.
Graphical Abstract
Gesundheitsdatennutzungsgesetz und Digital-Gesetz unter der Lupe
Authors: Straub Nicolas , Kowalski Christoph 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Am 14.12.2023 verabschiedete der Deutsche Bundestag zwei Gesetze, die für die Gesundheitsforschung und -versorgung der kommenden Jahre erhebliche Bedeutung haben: erstens das Gesetz zur verbesserten Nutzung von Gesundheitsdaten (Gesundheitsdatennutzungsgesetz [GDNG]) und zweitens das Gesetz zur Beschleunigung der Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens (Digital-Gesetz [DigiG]). Die Gesetze traten mit Wirkung zum 26.03.2024 in Kraft. Laut Mitteilung des zuständigen Bundesgesundheitsministeriums sollen die Gesetze unter anderem Gesundheitsdaten für die Forschung erschließen (GDNG) sowie Austausch und Nutzung von Gesundheitsdaten vorantreiben (DigiG).

Methodik
In diesem Beitrag wollen wir die beiden Gesetze hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutung für die Forschung mit versorgungsnahen Daten untersuchen. Die Gesetze werden im Lichte bestehender Regelungen zur Zulässigkeit der Datenspeicherung und -verarbeitung analysiert und mit anderen Modellen der Datennutzung der Versorgungsforschung ins Verhältnis gesetzt.

Ergebnisse
Im Ergebnis haben die Gesetze erhebliches Potenzial für die Forschung. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Möglichkeit zum Linkage von Krebsregister- und GKV-Abrechnungsdaten (GKV – gesetzliche Krankenversicherung) sowie die Eigenforschung von Gesundheitseinrichtungen im Verbund.

Schlussfolgerung
Nun kommt es auf die konkrete Umsetzung, den Aufbau erforderlicher Strukturen und das Verhalten der Datenschutzaufsichtsbehörden an, ob diese Potenziale ausgeschöpft werden.
Efficacy of pain management strategies in adults with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A Systematic Review
Authors: Rojas-López Juan Camilo , Estrada-Gualdron Pablo Isaac , Ramírez-Guerrero Sofía , Velásquez-Cárdenas Maria J. , Redondo-Escobar Jesús , Vargas-Arenas Sofía , Palacios-Sánchez Leonardo , Palacios-Espinosa Ximena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness. Presence of pain in ALS patients is heterogeneously reported in studies, and mostly underrepresented in symptom scales. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic modalities for pain management in patients with ALS. A systematic review was conducted in four databases; PubMed, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane-Ovid. Five randomized controlled clinical trials were included regarding pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management interventions in adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of ALS in whom pain was objectively evaluated. Risk of bias assessment was evaluated using the RoB2.0 tool. Eligible studies were reported as a descriptive analysis. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO ID: CRD42024495009. Five clinical trials regarding pain management strategies in ALS were eligible for analysis. Two out of five were non-pharmacological approaches whilst the remaining three provided pharmacological therapies. Of these, Mexiletine was efficient in terms of pain relief, particularly between 600 and 900 mg per day, whereas Mecasin showed no pain relief at both, high and low doses. Non-pharmacological therapies, such as exercise and osteopathic manual treatment also lacked efficacy in regard to pain management. Clinical trials focusing on pain management strategies for ALS patients are limited. Medical professionals, understandably focused on immediate life-threatening aspects, may inadvertently sideline the nuanced and intricate dimension of pain experienced by patients with ALS.
Mast cell density in Merkel cell carcinoma and its correlation with prognostic features and MCPyV status: a pilot study
Authors: Cazzato Gerardo , Tamma Roberto , Fanelli Margherita , Colagrande Anna , Marzullo Andrea , Cascardi Eliano , Trilli Irma , Lorusso Loredana , Lettini Teresa , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Ribatti Domenico 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive, primitive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, the origin of which is not yet fully understood. Numerous independent prognostic factors have been investigated in an attempt to understand which are the most important parameters to indicate in the histological diagnostic report of MCC. Of these, mast cells have only been studied in one paper before this one. We present a retrospective descriptive study of 13 cases of MCC, received at the Department of Pathology over a 20-year period (2003–2023 inclusive) on which we performed a study using whole-slide (WSI) morphometric analysis scanning platform Aperio Scanscope CS for the detection and spatial distribution of mast cells, using monoclonal anti-tryptase antibody and anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody to study the density of microvessels. In addition, we analyzed MCPyV status with the antibody for MCPyV large T-antigen (Clone CM2B4). We found statistically significant correlation between mast cell density and local recurrence/distant metastasis/death-of-disease (p = 0.008). To our knowledge, we firstly reported that MCPyV ( −) MCC shows higher mast cells density compared to MCPyV ( +) MCC, the latter well known to be less aggressive. Besides, the median vascular density did not show no significant correlation with recurrence/metastasis/death-of-disease, (p = 0.18). Despite the small sample size, this paper prompts future studies investigating the role of mast cell density in MCC.
Cyclic loading effects and stability assessment of trees and stumps used as anchors in cable yarding operations
Authors: Marchi Luca , Mologni Omar , Byrne Ken , Grigolato Stefano , Roeser Dominik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSwing yarders in running skyline configuration using either grapples or chokers represent the most common configuration for cable yarding in coastal British Columbia. In this context, whole-tree logging and short work cycles lead to heavy and repeated loads applied to the trees and stumps when used as anchors for the rigging cables. Moreover, increased harvesting of second-growth forest stands leads to the unavailability of large and safe trees, thus introducing new challenges to identify suitable anchors and potentially increases safety risks of cable yarding operations.The present study aimed to collect evidence of the mechanical response provided by anchors for typical cable yarders used in second-growth harvesting in coastal British Columbia, and test the suitability of innovative techniques for the stability assessment based on the relationship between the anchor root-plate rotations and the related applied tensile forces. A conspicuous dataset could be derived from all the surveys, storing anchor rotations from a total of 1522 work cycles of which 1224 work cycles included also tensions measurements. The methodological approach was proven effective for monitoring different rigging configurations giving proof that repeated loading affects the stability of a tree/stump which can rapidly change over few hours of active yarding operations. Acquired data proved also that comparing theoretical failure limits with anchor rotations could be a valid approach however a considerable amount of species-specific data from tree pulling tests is required.
Updating Swedish hunting harvest estimates of open season game based on new methods and documented data
Authors: Lindström Tom , Jonsson Paula , Skorsdal Felicia , Bergqvist Göran 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReliable hunting bag statistics are central for informed wildlife management. In the absence of complete reporting, hunting harvest must be estimated based on partial data, which requires reliable data and appropriate statistical methods. In the Swedish system, hunting teams, whose positions are known to the level of Hunting Management Precincts (HMPs), report their harvest of open season game and the size of the land on which they hunt, and the harvest on the non-reported area is estimated based on the reports. In this study, we improved data quality by solving several identified issues in the spatial data and provided temporally consistent estimates of huntable land (EHL) based on documented assumptions. We applied a recently developed method, the Bayesian Hierarchical and Autoregressive Estimation of Hunting Harvest (BaHAREHH), to harvest reports of 34 species from 2003–2021, using both previous and updated EHL, and compared harvest estimates to previously available estimates using naïve linear extrapolation (LE), which has been used as Sweden’s official harvest statistics. We found that updating EHL had a minor effect on harvest estimates at the national level but sometimes had a large impact at the level of individual HMPs. At the national level, previous LE estimates were similar to updated BaHAREHH estimates for species harvested at large numbers, but discrepancies were observed for species harvested at low rates. Time series of harvest estimated with LE had exaggerated temporal trends, higher coefficient of variation, and lower autcorrelation. At the level of counties and HMPs, there were substantial differences for all species, with some harvest estimates differing by several orders of magnitude. We conclude that the previously available LE estimates are sensitive to individual reports that add variability to the estimates and are, for some species, unreliable, especially at the level of county and HMP.
Molecular and immunological studies on Theileria equi and its vector in Egypt
Authors: Ramadan Reem M. , Taha Noha Madbouly , Auda Hend M. , Elsamman Eslam M. , El-Bahy Mohamed M. , Salem Mai A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEquine piroplasmosis is not fully understood regarding pathogenicity, prophylaxis, host immune response expression, and specific vectors. Accurately identifying the parasite vector is crucial for developing an effective control plan for a particular infection. This study focused on morphologically identifying twoHyalommaspecies (H. anatolicumandH. marginatum) and oneRhipicephalus annulatus(R. annulatus) at the species level. The identification process was followed by phylogenetic analysis using the neighbor-joining method based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COXI) gene as a specific vector forTheileria equi(T. equi) in horses.T. equiwas diagnosed morphologically and molecularly from infected blood samples and crushed tick species using conventional PCR. Subsequently, phylogenetic analysis based on the amplification of the 18 S rRNA gene was conducted. The obtained sequence data were evaluated and registered in GenBank under accession numbers OR064161, OR067911, OR187727, and OR068139, representing the three tick species and the isolatedT. equi, respectively. The study demonstrated thatT. equiinfection leads to immune system suppression by significantly increasing the levels of oxidative stress markers (CAT, GPx, MDA, and SOD) (P ≤ 0.0001), with this elevation being directly proportional to parasitemia levels in infected blood cells. Furthermore, a correlation was observed between parasitemia levels and the expression of immune response infection genes (IFN-gamma, TGF-β1, and IL-1β cytokines) in infected horses compared to non-infected equine. Common macroscopic symptoms indicatingT. equiinfection in horses include intermittent fever, enlarged lymph nodes (LN), and tick infestation.
Investigation of RC structure damages after February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş earthquake in the Hatay region
Authors: Doğan Talha Polat , Kalkan Hüseyin , Aldemir Ömer , Ayhan Murat , Böcek Meryem , Anıl Özgür 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFrom a tectonic perspective, Türkiye is a geographical region known for its high seismic activity, with some of the most active faults in the world. On February 6, 2023, two consecutive earthquakes with magnitudes of Mw 7.7 and Mw 7.6 struck Kahramanmaraş within a remarkably short time span of 9 h. This event stands out as a rare and unprecedented tectonic occurrence in terms of seismicity and tectonic activity over the past 100 years. The impact of these two major earthquakes on the region's reinforced concrete structures was significant, resulting in severe damage and the collapse of numerous buildings. It is of utmost importance to investigate and examine the design flaws and underlying factors that contributed to the damage observed in the reinforced concrete structures affected by these earthquakes. Such research will not only contribute to the improvement of structural design, seismic regulations, and quality control measures during construction but also enhance our understanding of earthquake engineering. In this study, an in-depth field investigation was conducted on reinforced concrete structures in Hatay, one of the regions most affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. The damages occurring in the buildings were documented through a detailed field survey and analyzed. A total of 540 reinforced concrete structures in the Hatay region were extensively examined, and the damages that occurred in these structures were photographed and interpreted to understand their underlying causes. Subsequently, based on the findings from the field investigation, a structural model was designed that incorporated the most significant design and construction errors responsible for the damages observed in the 540 examined structures. The devised model was subjected to static push-over analysis and nonlinear dynamic analysis using the SAP2000 finite element software, and the results obtained were interpreted.
Training and assessing convolutional neural network performance in automatic vascular segmentation using Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Parry R. , Wright K. , Bellinge J. W. , Ebert M. A. , Rowshanfarzad P. , Francis R. J. , Schultz C. J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo evaluate a convolutional neural network’s performance (nnU-Net) in the assessment of vascular contours, calcification and PET tracer activity using Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT. Patients who underwent Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT imaging over a 12-month period for neuroendocrine investigation were included. Manual cardiac and aortic segmentations were performed by an experienced observer. Scans were randomly allocated in ratio 64:16:20 for training, validation and testing of the nnU-Net model. PET tracer uptake and calcium scoring were compared between segmentation methods and different observers. 116 patients (53.5% female) with a median age of 64.5 years (range 23–79) were included. There were strong, positive correlations between all segmentations (mostly r > 0.98). There were no significant differences between manual and AI segmentation of SUVmean for global cardiac (mean ± SD 0.71 ± 0.22 vs. 0.71 ± 0.22; mean diff 0.001 ± 0.008, p > 0.05), ascending aorta (mean ± SD 0.44 ± 0.14 vs. 0.44 ± 0.14; mean diff 0.002 ± 0.01, p > 0.05), aortic arch (mean ± SD 0.44 ± 0.10 vs. 0.43 ± 0.10; mean diff 0.008 ± 0.16, p > 0.05) and descending aorta (mean ± SD < 0.001; 0.58 ± 0.12 vs. 0.57 ± 0.12; mean diff 0.01 ± 0.03, p > 0.05) contours. There was excellent agreement between the majority of manual and AI segmentation measures (r ≥ 0.80) and in all vascular contour calcium scores. Compared with the manual segmentation approach, the CNN required a significantly lower workflow time. AI segmentation of vascular contours using nnU-Net resulted in very similar measures of PET tracer uptake and vascular calcification when compared to an experienced observer and significantly reduced workflow time.