bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blame, Policy Feedback, and the Politics of Student Debt Relief Policy
Authors: SoRelle Mallory E. , Laws Serena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Less than 1 year after President Biden announced a sweeping plan to reduce – and in many cases eliminate – the student loan burden for the 46 million Americans who hold educational debt, the Supreme Court ruled the proposal unconstitutional in Biden v. Nebraska. Media accounts immediately speculated about whether the Court’s actions would spell trouble for the President’s reelection efforts, presuming that voters would punish Biden for a perceived policy failure. Despite, or perhaps because of, these concerns, the administration has continued to pursue student debt forgiveness through other means, and highlighting these efforts has been a key component of the president’s re-election strategy. Prior research suggests that Democrats, and the president in particular, stand to benefit electorally from pursuing student debt relief. But did the Supreme Court’s decision to block the president’s plan change who voters hold accountable for the problem of student loan debt? And to what extent is the issue motivating voters from different constituencies in 2024? This study leverages insights from an original survey experiment fielded in August 2023 to explore the dynamics of blame attribution for federal student debt cancellation efforts. We find that, contrary to media speculation, voters place much greater blame on the Supreme Court and congressional Republicans for the problem of student debt, while President Biden receives relatively little blame. We consider the implications of these findings for the short-term electoral politics of student debt relief policy as well as the increasingly salient politics of debt relief more broadly.
The Environment Can Save the Country: How Advancing Environmental Justice Can Improve Biosecurity
Authors: Adeeso Benjamin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present article investigates the connection between environmental justice and biosecurity. Environmental justice is simply the improvement of environmental conditions for vulnerable populations. Biosecurity is the field that implements different measures that have the intended purpose of preventing the introduction and/or spread of harmful pathogens. The author provides a quick history of the creation of environmental law and subsequently describes the event that occurred in Afton, North Carolina that led to the creation of the concept of environmental justice. Next, the author establishes a nexus between environmental justice and biosecurity through describing the biosecurity issues with laboratories located in Boston, Massachusetts (MS) and Galveston, Texas (TX). The author also discusses the Flint, Michigan water crisis to provide a clear picture of how poor environmental conditions contribute to the harmful spread of pathogens. Lastly, the author provides a possible solution of emphasizing safety measures to promote optimal environmental conditions for vulnerable populations which in turn will strengthen biosecurity.
On normal subgroups in automorphism groups
Authors: Möller Philip , Varghese Olga 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We describe the structure of virtually solvable normal subgroups in the automorphism group of a right-angled Artin group

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

.
In particular, we prove that a finite normal subgroup in

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

has at most order two and if Γ is not a clique, then any finite normal subgroup in

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

is trivial.
This property has implications for automatic continuity and

C
∗

C^{\ast}

-algebras: every algebraic epimorphism

φ
:

L
↠

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\varphi\colon L\twoheadrightarrow\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

from a locally compact Hausdorff group 𝐿 is continuous if and only if

A
Γ

A_{\Gamma}

is not isomorphic to

Z
n

\mathbb{Z}^{n}

for any

n
≥
1

n\geq 1

.
Furthermore, if Γ is not a join and contains at least two vertices, then the set of invertible elements is dense in the reduced group

C
∗

C^{\ast}

-algebra of

Aut
⁢

(

A
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(A_{\Gamma})

.
We obtain similar results for

Aut
⁢

(

G
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(G_{\Gamma})

, where

G
Γ

G_{\Gamma}

is a graph product of cyclic groups.
Moreover, we give a description of the center of

Aut
⁢

(

G
Γ

)

\mathrm{Aut}(G_{\Gamma})

in terms of the defining graph Γ.
III. Der Schwabenspiegel als norddeutsches Kaiserrecht
Authors: Oestmann Peter 
Published: June 2024

Summary
The essay examines late medieval discussions concerning ‘Kaiserrecht’ (Imperial Law, Emperor’s Law) in northern and eastern Germany. A closer look at the municipal law of Lüneburg (1401) with its different layers of customs, book of statutes, ‘Kaiserrecht’ and Canon law shows clearly the problem. Notwithstanding the close similarity to the learned concept of the theory of the statutes, the Lüneburg source did in fact not follow the erudited hierarchy of particular law and civil law. The city possessed some manuscripts of the so called ‘Schwabenspiegel’ (Swabian Mirror) and the ‘Kleines Kaiserrecht’ (Emperor’s Little Law) which were both, contemporarily, denominated as ‘Kaiserrecht’.
IV. Das Einlager. Forderungsdurchsetzung in der Frühen Neuzeit zwischen Autonomie und Heteronomie
Authors: Fischer Carsten 
Published: June 2024

Summary
In medieval and early modern Germany, the Einlager (lat. obstagium) was a widespread practice of private debt enforcement. Parties stipulated that in case the debtor defaulted, contractually agreed on persons, usually the debtor and/or sureties along with members of their retinue, would confine themselves to given premises, usually a public house, for as long as the debt was left unpaid. During that time, all costs for boarding and lodging were to be borne by the debtor. This legal institution was meant to increase the economic pressure on the debtor and keep him from pursuing his usual private and professional life. Voluntarily agreeing to the Einlager, publicly committing to a debt as well as submitting to slander should the debtor not turn himself in all hinged on contemporary codes of honour – the debtor vouched his personal honour when he took on him the possibility of the Einlager. At the same time, the Einlager itself was perceived to leave personal honour intact. This meant that it was popular in cases in which distraint for debt proved difficult; particularly noble debtors and cities found it to be acceptable. However, increasing economic pressure on an already defaulting debtor had always been viewed sceptically. During the course of the 16th century, criticism of the Einlager grew more intensive and new facets were added to it. Prolonged stays in pubs, sometimes in excess of a year, were now deemed detrimental to public as well as private morality. More importantly, the Einlager as a means of private, autonomous debt enforcement that used personal honour as a leverage point was increasingly perceived as a challenge to early modern concepts of territorial lordship, as it ignored governmental jurisdiction. Early modern German legislation addressing the issue introduced a new argument: It criticized that those employing the Einlager made themselves judges in their own causes. Assailed on all sides, the Einlager thus quickly fell into disuse around 1600. Only in a few northern German regions it was moderated by legislation and employed well into the 19th century.
V. Aufbruch in die Moderne? Der Humanismus und die Jurisprudenz des 16. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Jansen Nils 
Published: June 2024

Summary
The article discusses the notion of ‘legal humanism’, i.e. the encounter between jurisprudence and fundamental ideas of Renaissance humanists. Legal historians are fundamentally divided over the impact of humanistic thought on legal development. While some influential authors regard the insights and ideas of Renaissance humanists as largely irrelevant to legal thinking, others identify a group of ‘legal humanists’ and describe them as modernisers whose innovative forms of ‘humanistic’ legal thinking initiated developments that ultimately led to modern law. In view of this debate, the article analyses writings of Valla, Budé, Zasius, Alciato and other humanists in their historical contexts. It will be shown that these authors cannot be properly described as ‘modernisers’ as they did not advance new ideas that transformed legal thinking. Nevertheless, the conceptions of time and the philological insights of Renaissance humanism irritated established forms of scholastic legal thinking and made jurists reflect on their scholarship. The new forms of legal thinking that emerged from those 16th-century discussions did not make use of specifically humanistic, philological techniques, but should rather be seen as specifically legal responses to the humanistic irritation.
X. „Eycke von Repkow war kein Revolutionär“ – Festrede von Hilde Benjamin am 28. Juni 1959 im Eike-von-Repgow-Dorf Reppichau
Authors: Lück Heiner 
Published: June 2024

Summary
The village Reppichau in Sachsen-Anhalt, situated near the towns Dessau, Köthen and Aken (former principality of Anhalt), is closely connected with Eike von Repgow – the author of the most famous mediaeval German law book “Saxon Mirror” (Sachsenspiegel). The law book was written by him between 1220 and 1235. Based on this fact, representatives of science, politics and justice periodically organized in collaboration with the villagers anniversary celebrations, for example 1934 (700st year of the death of Eike von Repgow) and 1959 (800st year of the first documented mention of the village Reppichau). So it happened that the minister of justice of the German Democratic Republic (GDR), Hilde Benjamin (1902–1989), held a keynote speech in Reppichau on 28 June 1959. She was one of the leading representatives of the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany during the early years of the GDR. She became famous as a presiding judge in political show trials with court rulings including exceptionally harsh punishments up to the death penalty. This women, who was also known as “Red Hilde” or “Bloody Hilde”, used the opportunity of her speech in Reppichau in order to integrate Eike von Repgow, the Saxon Mirror and the villagers into the ruling ideology of the early GDR. Furthermore, she attacked the NATO in general and the Federal Republic of Germany in particular with propaganda phrases. The text of this speech, representing an interesting example of contemporary legal history, is edited here for the first time based on an original copy.
The right of re-measurement of settlements in the Middle Ages in the light of the legal practice of Bohemia and Silesia in the 13th and 14th centuries
Authors: Fokt Krzysztof , Klír Tomáš 
Published: June 2024

Summary
During the High Middle Ages, hereditary land tenure prevailed throughout East-Central Europe, often in a formalised manner based upon the ius emphyteuticum, whereby peasants were guaranteed a stable amount of land rents to be paid to landlords. There was, however, a legal institution that enabled the landlords to practically renegotiate original settlement contracts without openly violating them, in order to increase their income: the law of re-measurement of settlements (ius mensurationis). On examples from Silesia and Bohemia we have demonstrated that the landlords used this means plentifully, either directly through its actual implementation, or indirectly by renouncing their claims for payment. We have also hypothesized on the rationale and origin of the ius mensurationis, analyzed who could raise claims based upon it, and commented on the formulas related to this legal institution, which may be found there in Silesian and Bohemian charters.
Trajectories of Housing Insecurity From Infancy to Adolescence and Adolescent Health Outcomes
Authors: Pierce Kristyn A. , Mendelsohn Alan , Smith Brandon , Johnson Sara B. , Duh-Leong Carol 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Housing insecurity is associated with adverse effects on child growth and development cross-sectionally; less is known about its cumulative, long-term effects. This study describes longitudinal experiences of housing insecurity during childhood from infancy (age 1 year) to adolescence (age 15 years) and examines their associations with adolescent health outcomes.

METHODS
Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we created a composite measure of housing insecurity using 5 indicators (eg, skipping a rent or mortgage payment, eviction) for participants at ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15 years. We used group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct patterns of housing insecurity, sociodemographic predictors of these patterns, and how these patterns relate to adolescent health outcomes.

RESULTS
We identified 3 trajectories of housing insecurity from infancy to adolescence: secure, moderately insecure, and highly insecure. Adolescents who experienced moderately and highly insecure housing had decreased odds of excellent health (adjusted odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69–0.95; adjusted odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.92, respectively) and more depressive symptoms (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.08; 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08–1.19, respectively) than adolescents with secure housing. Adolescents who experienced highly insecure housing reported significantly higher anxiety symptoms (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.003–1.113).

CONCLUSIONS
Housing insecurity starting in infancy was associated with poorer adolescent health outcomes. These longitudinal patterns emphasize the need for novel screening mechanisms to identify housing insecurity when it emerges, as well as policies to prevent housing insecurity and its associated health outcomes.
<i>LINE-1</i> hypomethylation and <i>HIST1H4F</i> hypermethylation as oncomarkers in liquid biopsy of colorectal cancer
Authors: Kondratova V. N. , Botezatu I. V. , Stroganova A. M. , Dranko S. L. , Lichtenstein A. V. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Local hypermethylation of gene promoters and global genome hypomethylation are well-known manifestations of aberrant methylation associated with carcinogenesis. We investigated this phenomenon as a possible diagnostic marker for liquid biopsy of colorectal cancer using the original quantitative DNA melting analysis with hybridiza-tion probes (qDMA-HP) method. Aim. To quantify the methylation of HIST1H4F promoter and LINE-1 transposon in circulating blood plasma DNA of colorectal cancer patients. Materials and methods. Bisulfite-treated DNA samples isolated from blood plasma of healthy donors and cancer patients were analyzed. HIST1H4F methylation was assessed by asymmetric polymerase chain reaction with hybridized probe and post-amplification melting of probe / amplicon hybrids. To test for repetitive and highly polymorphic LINE-1 sequences, asymmetric polymerase chain reaction with hybridized probe and SYBR Green intercalating dye was used, followed by melting of hybrids and analysis of multicomponent melt curves. Results. High diagnostic efficiency of LINE-1 and HIST1H4F methylation markers in liquid biopsy of colorectal cancer was demonstrated with the area under the ROC curve = 0.92, sensitivity – 100 %, specificity – 84 %. Cross validation supports this result. Hypermethylation of HIST1H4F and hypomethylation of LINE-1 are statistically significantly correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.4; p = 0.01). Conclusion. The qDMA-HP is suitable for quantitative assessment of aberrant methylation of various clinically significant genes.
Herman Melville y Manuela Sáenz: historia de un encuentro incomprobable
Authors: Ramírez Roberto 
Published: June 2024

Resumen: Biografías, periódicos y artículos académicos aseveran que el escritor estadounidense Herman Melville y la prócer de las independencias Manuela Sáenz, a mediados del siglo XIX, en Paita, Perú, se entrevistaron, a propósito del exilio que ella atravesaba y el viaje que él hacía por los mares del mundo (1841-1844), a bordo del Acushnet y el United States. Nadie da fuentes que corroboren este encuentro que pasa por Historia oficial. Es así como este ensayo expone el detallado paso de Melville por Latinoamérica para demostrar que no hay pruebas de que los dos coincidieran; además, se señala a la biografía de Victor Wolfgang von Hagen como la fuente que inició dicho rumor y las razones que tuvo para hacerlo. Concluye el ensayo con las implicaciones de este hecho supuestamente histórico en su salto a la ficción, con un recuento de obras literarias y cinematográficas que recogen el encuentro.
Palabras clave: Herman Melville, Manuela Sáenz, Latinoamérica, Moby Dick, literatura norteamericana
The Effect of Baby Massage Toward Sleep Quality Among Baby with Acute Respiration Infection: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Perdani Agni Laili , Widaningsih Wina , Hendra Agus , Srinatania Dewi 
Published: June 2024

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is still a major health problem among children under 5 years old. One of the clinical manifestations besides cough, sore throat, and fever is sleep difficulty. Sleep is essential for children to support growth and development. The supportive management for babies with ARI is the baby massage. However, most parents view that sleep disorder is not a big problem. This study aimed to see the effect of baby massage on sleep quality for infants under 12 months diagnosed with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). This research is a quantitative perspective using a quasi-experimental study. Respondents were divided into control and intervention groups, with 60 respondents, 30 control groups and 30 intervention groups. Data was collected before and after the baby massage intervention. Instruments were used: The Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ-R) tool with a total of questions is 19 distributed in 3 subscales consisting of Infant Sleep, Parent Perception, and Parent Behaviour with the r-test retest (r >.82) indicating high correlations. Data were analyzed using bivariate calculations. Based on the results, the baby's mean age is 7.77±3.29 and is mostly boys. The independent T-test shows a significant effect in the intervention group before and after a baby massage from 60.50+-8.29 to 77.75 ± 9.98. with a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). Massaging children in the intervention group twice a day, morning and evening, improves sleep quality among babies with ARI; therefore, a structured operational procedure should be implemented in the children's ward, and pediatric nurses must also be skilled with baby massage.
Systematic Literature Review: Social Media Implementation as A Tools of Knowledge Sharing
Authors: Ludi Tiara Ayunda Trisna , Tamara Adriani Salim  , Muhamad Prabu Wibowo  
Published: June 2024

Latar belakang: Saat ini, media sosial menjadi platform canggih yang dapat memfasilitasi komunikasi dan berbagi pengetahuan mulai dari tingkat pribadi hingga organisasi. Berbagi pengetahuan melalui media sosial memberikan manfaat yang dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi di suatu organisasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman lebih dalam mengenai penerapan media sosial sebagai sarana knowledge sharing di lihat dari aspek jenis media sosial yang digunakan, aktivitas pada media sosial, dan tantangan dalam menggunakan media sosial sebagai sarana knowledge sharing. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) untuk mengumpulkan dan meninjau studi terhadap penelitian, artikel, jurnal yang terbit pada tahun 2018-2023. Analisis dilakukan pada delapan artikel yang mengungkapkan pemanfaatan media sosial untuk berbagi pengetahuan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial sebagai sarana untuk knowledge sharing dinilai efektif karena dapat menjangkau banyak masyarakat yang terkendala oleh jarak, media sosial juga banyak digemari oleh berbagai kalangan masyarakat dari usia muda sampai usia lanjut. Media sosial dapat digunakan sebagai sarana untuk berbagi pengetahuan. Kesimpulan: Jenis media sosial yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai sarana knowledge sharing adalah Facebook.

Background: Currently, social media has become a sophisticated platform that can facilitate communication and information sharing or knowledge sharing from personal to organizational levels. Sharing knowledge through social media provides benefits that can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency within an organization. Purpose: The main aim of this research is to provide a deeper understanding of the application of social media as a means of knowledge sharing in terms of the type of social media used, activities on social media, and challenges in using social media as a means of knowledge sharing. Methods: This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to collect and review studies on research, articles and journals published in 2018-2023. The analysis was conducted on eight articles that elucidate the utilization of social media for knowledge sharing. Results: The results of this research reveal that the use of social media as a means for knowledge sharing is considered effective because it can reach many people who are constrained by distance, social media is also popular with various groups of people from young to old age as a suggestion for knowledge sharing. Conclusion:The type of social media that is most widely used as a means of knowledge sharing is Facebook.
Karakteristik dan Faktor Prioritas Penyebab Kekumuhan di Kawasan Permukiman Girlibanji (Pinggir Kali Banjaran-Kranji), Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Padyansari Ricca , Rahayu Murtanti Jani , Suminar Lintang 
Published: June 2024

<p><em><span lang="IN">Pelaksanaan aktivitas yang terpusat pada kawasan perkotaan dapat mempengaruhi laju perpindahan penduduk menuju kota. Pertumbuhan penduduk perkotaan yang terus meningkat mengakibatkan tingginya permintaan lahan untuk kawasan permukiman yang tidak sebanding dengan ketersediaan lahan untuk kawasan hunian yang layak huni. Fenomena tersebut terjadi diantaranya di Kabupaten Banyumas seiring dengan terus berkembangnya Kawasan Perkotaan Purwokerto sebagai ibukota Kabupaten Banyumas. Hal ini mengakibatkan munculnya kawasan kawasan kumuh di Kawasan Perkotaan Purwokerto. Salah satu kawasan yang teridentifikasi permukiman kumuh adalah Kawasan Girlibanji. Dalam menangani kawasan permukiman kumuh, Pemerintah Kabupaten Banyumas telah berupaya mengatasi permasalahan kekumuhan dengan penerapan beberapa kebijakan tetapi permasalahan permukiman kumuh belum teratasi sepenuhnya khususnya di Kawasan Girlibanji. Ketidakberhasilan penerapan kebijakan penanganan permukiman kumuh dikarenakan belum diketahui faktor prioritas penyebab meningkatnya permukiman kumuh pada kawasan secara jelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor prioritas penyebab kekumuhan di Kawasan Permukiman Girlibanji dengan menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Prosess (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor prioritas penyebab kekumuhan di Kawasan Permukiman Girlibanji adalah jaringan air limbah, kepadatan dan kualitas bangunan, jaringan sistem persampahan, tingkat pendapatan, tingkat pendidikan, dan jaringan drainase.</span></em></p>