bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occlusal overload and bone/implant loss
Authors: Naert Ignace , Duyck Joke , Vandamme Katleen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimThe aim of this search was to assess the biological consequences that overload might have on already osseointegrated oral implants through a systematic screening of the scientific literature.MethodDetailed searches through PUBMED, OVID, EMBASE and LILACS databases were made. Articles published up to December 2011 and those reported on the clinical, radiographic and/or histological outcome of oral implants subjected to so‐called overload were considered eligible for inclusion. Identified studies were assessed by one non‐blinded reviewer according to well‐defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. When doubt arose, the co‐authors were counselled until final agreement was obtained. The PICO questions formulated was:“what is the effect of overload vs. no overload on bone/implant loss in clinically stable implants?”ResultsThe database searches as well as additional hand searching, resulted in 726 potentially relevant titles. Eventually, 16 clinical and 25 animal studies were considered relevant to the topic. After inclusion/exclusion criteria assessment, all clinical studies and all but three animal studies and one systematic review were considered at high risk of bias and excluded. The included animal studies did not reveal an association between overload and peri‐implant bone loss in the absence of peri‐implant inflammation, whereas in its presence, overload seemed to aggravate the peri‐implant tissue breakdown.ConclusionsThe effect of implant overload on bone/implant loss in clinically well‐integrated implants is poorly reported and provides little unbiased evidence to support a cause‐and‐effect relationship. The PICO question remained unanswered. At the animal level, “overload”, mimicked by supra‐occlusal contacts acting in an uninflamed peri‐implant environment, did not negatively affect osseointegration and even was anabolic. In contrast, supra‐occlusal contacts in the presence of inflammation significantly increased the plaque‐induced bone resorption.
Accuracy of computer‐aided implant placement
Authors: Van Assche N. , Vercruyssen M. , Coucke W. , Teughels W. , Jacobs R. , Quirynen M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimTo assess the accuracy of static computer‐guided implant placement.Material and methodsElectronic and manual literature searches were conducted to collect information on the accuracy of static computer‐guided implant placement and meta‐regression analyses were performed to summarize and analyse the overall accuracy. The latter included a search for correlations between factors such as: support (teeth/mucosa/bone), number of templates, use of fixation pins, jaw, template production, guiding system, guided implant placement.ResultsNineteen accuracy studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta analysis revealed a mean error of 0.99 mm (ranging from 0 to 6.5 mm) at the entry point and of 1.24 mm (ranging from 0 to 6.9 mm) at the apex. The mean angular deviation was 3.81° (ranging from 0 to 24.9°). Significant differences for all deviation parameters was found for implant‐guided placement compared to placement without guidance. Number of templates used was significant, influencing the apical and angular deviation in favour for the single template. Study design and jaw location had no significant effect. Less deviation was found when more fixation pins were used (significant for entry).ConclusionComputer‐guided implant placement can be accurate, but significant deviations have to be taken into account. Randomized studies are needed to analyse the impact of individual parameters in order to allow optimization of this technique. Moreover, a clear overview on indications and benefits would help the clinicians to find the right candidates.
Implant survival and complications. The Third EAO consensus conference 2012
Authors: Albrektsson T. , Donos N. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe task of this working group was to analyze biological, technical and aesthetic complications of single crowns on implants and fixed dental prostheses with or without cantilevers on implants over 5 years or more. In addition, the group analyzed economic aspects on such implant treatment.Materials and methodsA systematic search of the relevant literature was conducted and critically reviewed. Four manuscripts were presented to cover the topics.ResultsThe consensus statements prepared by the group and later accepted at the plenary session as well as suggestions for future research are presented in this article. The four reviews by Jung et al., Pjetursson et al., Romeo & Storelli and Scheuber et al. are printed separately and present detailed analyses of the research topics.
Endoscopic self‐expandable metallic stent placement in malignant pyloric or duodenal obstruction: Does chemotherapy affect stent patency?
Authors: Cha Byung Hyo , Lee Sang Hyub , Kim Jang Eun , Yoo Ji Youn , Park Young Soo , Kim Jin‐Wook , Jeong Sook‐Hyang , Kim Nayoung , Lee Dong Ho , Hwang Jin‐Hyeok 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimSelf‐expandable metallic stents (SEMS) have been used for palliation in patients with malignant gastroduodenal obstructions. We evaluated clinical outcomes after SEMS placement and identified prognostic factors of SEMS patency, including chemotherapy.MethodsA review of records of 85 patients with unresectable gastric or pancreatic cancer who underwent endoscopic SEMS insertion for gastroduodenal obstructions at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.ResultsFrom August 2003 to October 2009, 85 patients with gastroduodenal obstruction were managed with endoscopic SEMS placement. Technical success was achieved in 82 patients (96%) and clinical success in 68 patients (80%). Of 49 patients who had clinical success, 19 underwent chemotherapy (chemoTx group), and 30 patients did not (non‐chemoTx group). Cumulative SEMS patency in the 49 patients who achieved clinical success were 84, 54 and 41% at 2, 3 and 6 months, respectively. By univariate and multivariate analysis, there was no statistical difference in the SEMS patency between the two groups (cumulative SEMS patency rate: 95 vs 73% at 2 months, 15 vs 63% at 3 months, 40 vs 42% at 6 months, respectively, P < 0.793).ConclusionChemotherapy does not improve SEMS patency in patients with malignant gastroduodenal obstruction caused by unresectable gastric or pancreatic cancer.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum: A Social Network in Plant CellsF
Authors: Chen Jun , Doyle Caitlin , Qi Xingyun , Zheng Huanquan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an interconnected network comprised of ribosome‐studded sheets and smooth tubules. The ER plays crucial roles in the biosynthesis and transport of proteins and lipids, and in calcium (Ca2+) regulation in compartmentalized eukaryotic cells including plant cells. To support its well‐segregated functions, the shape of the ER undergoes notable changes in response to both developmental cues and outside influences. In this review, we will discuss recent findings on molecular mechanisms underlying the unique morphology and dynamics of the ER, and the importance of the interconnected ER network in cell polarity. In animal and yeast cells, two family proteins, the reticulons and DP1/Yop1, are required for shaping high‐curvature ER tubules, while members of the atlastin family of dynamin‐like GTPases are involved in the fusion of ER tubules to make an interconnected ER network. In plant cells, recent data also indicate that the reticulons are involved in shaping ER tubules, while RHD3, a plant member of the atlastin GTPases, is required for the generation of an interconnected ER network. We will also summarize the current knowledge on how the ER interacts with other membrane‐bound organelles, with a focus on how the ER and Golgi interplay in plant cells.
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[ Huanquan Zheng (Corresponding author)]
Why an Apheresis Center Should Offer More Than One Lipoprotein Apheresis Method
Authors: Julius Ulrich , Fischer Sabine , Schatz Ulrike , Passauer Jens , Bornstein Stefan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe describe our experience with the performance of six lipoprotein apheresis methods (HELP, TheraSorb LDL, DALI, lipidfiltration, Liposorber D, MONET) which have been used in 68 patients. Thirty‐four of them have been treated with more than one method. The calculations presented in this paper are based on laboratory data measured at the last three available apheresis sessions before the switch to another method and at the end of the observation period, respectively. With respect to the reduction of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, DALI and Liposorber D appeared to be the most effective lipoprotein apheresis methods, for reduction of lipoprotein(a), Liposorber D. Data on the influence of these lipoprotein apheresis methods on parameters of the coagulation system (prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen) are also reported. The histories of three patients who have been switched to several lipoprotein apheresis methods are given as examples. The major reason for switching was the low efficiency of a given lipoprotein apheresis method with respect to lowering of LDL cholesterol; the reason for this phenomenon was not clear in each case. In three patients who took an oral anticoagulant and were treated with HELP, the influence on the coagulation system is reported; they were submitted to another apheresis method. In two patients we observed an allergy to heparin—they were then treated with a heparin‐free apheresis method. In conclusion, we point out that there are several reasons why an apheresis center should offer more than one lipoprotein apheresis method.
Blinded by Growth
Authors: Estrada Javier 
Published: October 2012

Everybody loves a growth story. But that does not make growth by itself a good investment thesis. Fast‐growing countries and their companies often produce low returns for investors, and slow‐growing ones sometimes produce high returns.In exploring this apparent paradox, this article argues that valuation plays a critical role. It matters not only how fast a country or company may grow, but also how much investors pay for that growth. Blinded by growth, investors often pay too much to participate in the prospective growth of both countries and companies; and as result, they earn low returns. This tendency to overpay for growth helps explain what the author describes as indisputable evidence that, over the long term, value investing beats growth investing.This article discusses growth from three different points of view. First, it looks into the relationship between general economic growth and equity returns. Second, it examines the relationship between corporate growth and equity returns. And finally, it compares value investing with growth investing.
Toward Real‐Time Financial Reporting: How to Reduce Investors' Information Gap and the Cost of Capital
Authors: Schneider U. Mark 
Published: October 2012

Public companies are struggling to provide detailed and accurate guidance in a turbulent world. Many have dropped guidance altogether, or substantially reduced the precision of their guidance. However, they pay a price for the resulting increase in investor uncertainty in the form of a higher cost of capital and reduced equity valuations.This article provides evidence that improving investors' information can help to reduce the cost of capital of public companies. A look at market data for the years 2007 through 2009 for German DAX 30 companies suggests that investor uncertainty stemming from current financial reporting practices appears to be amplifying the expected association between increases in the beta coefficient and the volatility of fundamentals such as revenues and income, which in turn could be increasing the cost of equity capital.The article explores ways for both individual companies and financial regulators to improve investor information and reduce the cost of capital.For individual companies, the proposed solution is more frequent and voluntary provision of information about actual performance in lieu of more extensive financial guidance. A look at market data for the years 2007 through 2009 for German DAX 30 companies suggests that investor uncertainty stemming from current financial reporting practices appears to be amplifying the expected association between increases in the beta coefficient and the volatility of fundamentals such as revenues and income, which in turn could be increasing the cost of equity capital. Quarterly reporting is a matter of tradition while today's information technology could easily provide investors with real‐time, or close to real‐time, financial information. Internal financial controls, the quality of financial reporting, and the cost of capital might all be improved by mandating faster reporting cycles.
An Entrepreneur's Guide to Understanding the Cost of Venture Capital
Authors: Anshuman V. Ravi , Martin John , Titman Sheridan 
Published: October 2012

Entrepreneurs who deal with a venture capital firm (VC) for the first time often find themselves unprepared for the experience. The deal structure language used to describe financing terms, and the methods used to value the investment, are unique to the VC world.The authors have two objectives in preparing this entrepreneur's guide to venture capital finance: First, they explain why VCs require rates of return that are considerably higher—even after adjusting for difference in risk—than the returns required by the shareholders of established companies. Their explanation focuses on differences of opinion between overly optimistic entrepreneurs and less sanguine VCs. Second, the authors discuss the difficulty faced by entrepreneurs when trying to understand the actual cost of VC financing (including the dilution of value that occurs when entrepreneurs fail to meet targets or milestones). The problem can be traced to deal structure terms that typically call for the VC to receive preferential treatment in the event the entrepreneur's scenario does not turn out to be accurate. More specifically, entrepreneurs often grant VCs control rights as well as liquidation rights that, when things go wrong, dramatically increase the effective cost to entrepreneurs of venture financing.
Arendt and the Theological Significance of Natality
Authors: Biss Mavis Louise 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn her 1958 book The Human Condition, Hannah Arendt points to the potential of human action to initiate new beginnings, a capacity she calls natality, as the source of political renewal that could save the modern age from ruin. The question of the relationship between natality and theological concepts is one of the most perplexing points of dispute in the Arendt scholarship of the last two decades. The overall function of the concept of natality in Arendt’s thought has been variously categorized as ontological, political, “covertly” theological and “inconspicuously” messianic. This essay addresses the question of whether Arendt’s understanding of the essential natality of human action should be read as straightforwardly philosophical, as secularized theology or as “covert” or “inconspicuous” theology with a focus on how textual and contextual elements might be assessed in a way that does justice to the complexity of Arendt’s thought.
Bradley’s Regress
Authors: Maurin Anna‐Sofia 
Published: October 2012

AbstractEver since F. H. Bradley first formulated his (in)famous regress argument philosophers have been hard at work trying to refute it. The argument fails, it has been suggested, either because its conclusion just does not follow from its premises, or it fails because one or more of its premises should be given up. In this paper, the Bradleyan argument, as well as some of the many and varied reactions it has received, is scrutinized.
Hobbes on ‘The Woman Question’1
Authors: Sreedhar Susanne 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe classical social contract tradition of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries has come under significant scrutiny from those interested in the place of women in the philosophical canon, and Thomas Hobbes has been indicted along with John Locke, Immanuel Kant, and Jean‐Jacques Rousseau. These philosophers have been accused of holding misogynistic beliefs and, more damningly, founding their theories on sexist and patriarchal assumptions. This paper explores the extent to which Hobbes deserves his place on the list of the condemned.
Universalism and the Problem of Hell
Authors: Patsalidou Ioanna‐Maria 
Published: October 2012

AbstractChristian tradition speaks mainly of two possible post‐mortem human destinies. It holds that those human beings who, in their earthly lives, acted according to God’s will and accepted God’s love will be reconciled to Him in heaven; whereas those who have acted against God’s will and refused His love will be consigned to the everlasting torments of hell. The notion that hell is everlasting and also a place of unending suffering inevitably gives rise to the following question for theists: how could an omnipotent, all‐good and all‐loving God allow anyone to suffer the torments of hell for eternity? There have been several attempts to shore up the doctrine of hell in the face of this problem. Universalists, in particular, try to evade the problem by claiming that a doctrine of hell is not in fact taught in the scriptures (at least in its traditional form), and that Christians are therefore able to affirm that all human beings will be saved in the end. The paper begins with an explanation of the doctrine of hell and an identification of the main problems and criticisms against it. This will assist us in understanding the increasing popularity of universalism and moreover, on what grounds it is challenged.
Effect of Potato Orientation on Evaporation Front Propagation and Crust Thickness Evolution during Deep‐Fat Frying
Authors: Lioumbas John S. , Karapantsios Thodoris D. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract:  The various theoretical approaches that have been proposed for modeling heat and mass transport during deep‐fat frying of potatoes do not take into account the effect of potato orientation with respect to gravity. This can be partly attributed to lack of systematic experimental information at different orientations. The objective of the present work is to experimentally study the effect of potato orientation on the evaporation front propagation and crust thickness evolution and how this effect varies with frying conditions. To achieve this goal, a special device has been constructed which, among others, permits: (a) exposure of only one surface of a potato stick to hot oil, (b) rotation of this potato surface at 0o, 90o, and 180o with respect to gravity, and (c) accurate placement of miniature thermocouples under—but very close to—the exposed potato surface. Crust thickness is determined by 2 independent methods: (a) microphotography and (b) a micrometer. It is found that the evaporation front propagation and crust thickness evolution are different among the examined surface orientations. The fastest heat penetration and thickest crust are measured at vertical (90o) surfaces. The implications of this finding regarding potato texture and energy consumption are discussed.Practical Application:  Understanding the role of surface orientation on the crust evolution and the propagation of the evaporation front inside the food is of particular value to:
Deterministic modeling efforts of the coupled heat and mass transfer phenomena during deep‐fat frying, and
food industry; the present data suggest that crispier food is produced and less energy is consumed when the food is placed at a nonhorizontal position inside the fryer.
Identifying key knowledge needs for evidence‐based conservation of wild insect pollinators: a collaborative cross‐sectoral exercise
Authors: Dicks Lynn V. , Abrahams Andrew , Atkinson John , Biesmeijer Jacobus , Bourn Nigel , Brown Chris , Brown Mark J.F. , Carvell Claire , Connolly Chris , Cresswell James E. , Croft Pat , Darvill Ben , De Zylva Paul , Effingham Philip , Fountain Michelle , Goggin Anthony , Harding Debbie , Harding Tony , Hartfield Chris , Heard Matthew S. , Heathcote Richard , Heaver David , Holland John , Howe Mike , Hughes Brin , Huxley Theresa , Kunin William E. , Little Julian , Mason Caroline , Memmott Jane , Osborne Juliet , Pankhurst Tim , Paxton Robert J. , Pocock Michael J.O. , Potts Simon G. , Power Eileen F. , Raine Nigel E. , Ranelagh Elizabeth , Roberts Stuart , Saunders Rob , Smith Katie , Smith Richard M. , Sutton Peter , Tilley Luke A.N. , Tinsley Andrew , Tonhasca Athayde , Vanbergen Adam J. , Webster Sarah , Wilson Alan , Sutherland William J. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
In response to evidence of insect pollinator declines, organisations in many sectors, including the food and farming industry, are investing in pollinator conservation. They are keen to ensure that their efforts use the best available science.
We convened a group of 32 ‘conservation practitioners’ with an active interest in pollinators and 16 insect pollinator scientists. The conservation practitioners include representatives from UK industry (including retail), environmental non‐government organisations and nature conservation agencies.
We collaboratively developed a long list of 246 knowledge needs relating to conservation of wild insect pollinators in the UK. We refined and selected the most important knowledge needs, through a three‐stage process of voting and scoring, including discussions of each need at a workshop.
We present the top 35 knowledge needs as scored by conservation practitioners or scientists. We find general agreement in priorities identified by these two groups. The priority knowledge needs will structure ongoing work to make science accessible to practitioners, and help to guide future science policy and funding.
Understanding the economic benefits of crop pollination, basic pollinator ecology and impacts of pesticides on wild pollinators emerge strongly as priorities, as well as a need to monitor floral resources in the landscape.
Ruminative thinking exacerbates the negative effects of workplace violence
Authors: Niven Karen , Sprigg Christine A. , Armitage Christopher J. , Satchwell Adam 
Published: October 2012

In this article, we investigate the impact of engaging in ruminative‐style thoughts after exposure to workplace violence. Rumination is a form of self‐focused thinking characterized by abstract and passive negative thoughts. In an experimental study in which student volunteers were exposed to simulated violence using a video manipulation, the unpleasant affect of participants instructed to ruminate about the violence persisted, while the affect of participants in a distraction condition was quickly repaired. In a field study of violence experienced by social workers in their everyday working lives, employees who had a high tendency to engage in ruminative thinking exhibited a stronger negative relationship between exposure to violence and poor well‐being and health complaints compared with those who had a low tendency to ruminate. Together, our findings suggest that ruminative thinking may exacerbate the negative effects of workplace violence.Practitioner Points

Being subjected to violence at work can have negative implications for employees' health and well‐being, but it is not always possible for organizations to prevent violent attacks (e.g., from members of the public).

Our findings indicate that the negative consequences of violence may be intensified when the victim engages in rumination, a negative type of thinking about the self that involves passive, abstract thoughts about what happened and the effects on one's life.

Organizations should therefore seek to discourage ruminative thinking among victims of workplace violence.