bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rescaled “Rebel Cities”, Nationalization, and the Bourgeois Utopia: Dialectics Between Urban Social Movements and Regulation for Japan's Homeless
Authors: Hayashi Mahito 
Published: July 2014

AbstractUrban social movements (USMs) and regulation have co‐evolved in Japan to deal with homelessness, spatializaing their politics on the national and subnational scales. The author first theorizes these USM–regulation relationships as scale‐oriented dialectics between two opposing forces—“commoning and othering”—both of which in my view are always internalized in today's “rebel cities” (Harvey 2012,Rebel Cities, Verso). Then, he analyzes two trajectories of USMs that attempted commoning—ie radical opening up of public goods/spaces within “zones of weakness” (Lefebvre)—against policing and workfare disciplines. The author detects “rescaling” dialectics in the case of Yokohama and “nationalizing” dialectics in the case of Tokyo. Lastly, through exploring and refreshing Engels's notion of the (petit‐)bourgeois utopia, the author concludes that our commoning projects and imaginaries are constrained by capitalist urban form that spatially others the homeless; but truly revolutionary moments of commoning emerge whenever people—even temporarily—conquer the fetishism of the public/private binary embedded in this urban form.
Acta Ophthalmologica: History 1970–88
Authors: Norn Mogens 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis is my personal memories concerning the Nordic periodical Acta Ophthalmologica in the period 1970–88. Poul Brændstrup was scientific secretary for Acta 1950–70 and chief editor 1970–75. His many important scientific works and enormous work for Acta is described, but also personal topics are mentioned. Acta meetings in the Danish Ophthalmol Society (DOS) and in the Nordic ophtalmol. Congresses are discussed. A referee‐system is established from 1976, but with political contra scientific motives. Only a few papers arrived to Acta. A catastrophe in 1978 is mentioned. The new secretary Ingelise Truberg did an enormous work for the next ten years. Erik Jørgensen (1928–90) was our printer, and from 1975 our idealistic publisher after Munksgaard. The economy became better and the number of papers of high quality increased. The relationship to the new Nordic periodical Oftalmolog was discussed in 1982.
Monocyte activation, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and S100B in bipolar offspring: a follow‐up study from adolescence into adulthood
Authors: Mesman Esther , Hillegers Manon HJ , Ambree Oliver , Arolt Volker , Nolen Willem A , Drexhage Hemmo A 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesThere is increasing evidence that both immune and neurochemical alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder; however, their precise role remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate neuro‐immune changes in a prospective study on children of patients with bipolar disorder.MethodsBipolar offspring, from the prospective Dutch bipolar offspring study (n = 140), were evaluated cross‐sectionally within a longitudinal context at adolescence, young adulthood, and adulthood. We examined the expression of 44 inflammation‐related genes in monocytes, the cytokines pentraxin 3 (PTX3), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) in the serum of bipolar offspring and healthy controls.ResultsDuring adolescence, bipolar offspring showed increased inflammatory gene expression in monocytes, high serum PTX3 levels, but normal CCL2 levels. BDNF levels were decreased, while S100B levels were normal. During young adulthood, monocyte activation remained, although to a lesser degree. Serum PTX3 levels remained high, and signs of monocyte migration became apparent through increased CCL2 levels. BDNF and S100B levels were not measured. At adulthood, circulating monocytes had lost their activation state, but CCL2 levels remained increased. Both BDNF and S100B were now increased. Abnormalities were independent of psychopathology state at all stages.ConclusionsThis study suggests an aberrant neuro‐immune state in bipolar offspring, which followed a dynamic course from adolescence into adulthood and was present irrespective of lifetime or future mood disorders. We therefore assumed that the aberrant neuro‐immune state reflects a general state of vulnerability for mood disorders rather than being of direct predictive value.
Assessing reflective thinking in solving design problems: The development of a questionnaire
Authors: Hong Yi‐Chun , Choi Ikseon 
Published: July 2014

AbstractReflection is a critical factor in solving design problems. Using good methods to observe designers' reflection is essential to inform the design of the learning environments that support the development of design problem‐solving skills. In this study, we have developed and validated a novel self‐reporting questionnaire as an efficient instrument to explore reflection, called Assessing Reflective Thinking in Solving Design Problems (ARTiD). This questionnaire has been developed based on the three‐dimensional model for reflective thinking: the timing, the objects and the levels of reflection. A total of 294 undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of engineering, computer science and instructional design were recruited to participate in one of four iterative, formative tests through which reliability and validity analyses were performed to revise and confirm the questionnaire. Examples of participants' reflection patterns were demonstrated to show the practical value of this questionnaire. In conclusion, the final version of ARTiD was presented as a valid instrument to explore students' reflection for research and educational practice. In addition, we found that ARTiD can be used as an effective learning tool to guide student designers' reflections toward better learning and performance.
Digital simulation‐based training: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Gegenfurtner Andreas , Quesada‐Pallarès Carla , Knogler Maximilian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis study examines how design characteristics in digital simulation‐based learning environments moderate self‐efficacy and transfer of learning. Drawing on social cognitive theory and the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, the meta‐analysis psychometrically cumulated k = 15 studies of 25 years of research with a total sample size of N = 2274 learners. The findings indicate that high levels of user control result in higher estimates of self‐efficacy and transfer. Offering assessment feedback after rather than during training led to higher efficacy beliefs and transfer. Effects of social, narrative and multimedia characteristics were nonsignificant. Implications for computer‐based instructional design and directions for future research associated with motivational outcomes in technology‐enhanced learning are discussed.
Tricyclic and SSRI usage influences the association between BMI and health risk factors
Authors: Serodio K. J. , Ardern C. I. , Rotondi M. A. , Kuk J. L. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryTo determine if selective‐serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) influence the association between obesity and cardiovascular disease risk, participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III; 1988–1992) and continuous NHANES (1999–2009, n = 18 274) were used. For a given body mass index (BMI), individuals taking SSRIs (n = 219) tended to have significantly better health risk profiles with lower systolic blood pressure (P = 0.002) and higher high‐density lipoprotein (P = 0.003) compared with non‐users. Conversely, those who used TCAs (n = 116) had significantly worse health risk profiles with higher diastolic blood pressure (P ≤ 0.0001) and triglycerides (P = 0.023) as compared with non‐users for a given BMI. Insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) was higher in TCA users and those with larger BMIs, whereby the differences in insulin resistance between TCA users and non‐users was greater with higher BMIs (interaction effect: P = 0.013). Furthermore, individuals taking SSRIs were less likely to have cardiovascular disease than non‐users (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval = 0.50, 0.33–0.75) for a given BMI, with no differences by TCA use (odds ratio = 0.74, 0.44–1.24). SSRI and TCA use may alter how body weight relates with cardiovascular risk. When prescribing antidepressant medications, it may be necessary to monitor and consider body weight and cardiovascular risk profile of individual patients.
Epicutaneous exposure to nickel induces nickel allergy in mice via a MyD88‐dependent and interleukin‐1‐dependent pathway
Authors: Vennegaard Marie T. , Dyring‐Andersen Beatrice , Skov Lone , Nielsen Morten M. , Schmidt Jonas D. , Bzorek Michael , Poulsen Steen S. , Thomsen Allan R. , Woetmann Anders , Thyssen Jacob P. , Johansen Jeanne D. , Ødum Niels , Menné Torkil , Geisler Carsten , Bonefeld Charlotte M. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryBackgroundSeveral attempts to establish a model in mice that reflects nickel allergy in humans have been made. Most models use intradermal injection of nickel in combination with adjuvant to induce nickel allergy. However, such models poorly reflect induction of nickel allergy following long‐lasting epicutaneous exposure to nickel.ObjectiveTo develop a mouse model reflecting nickel allergy in humans induced by epicutaneous exposure to nickel, and to investigate the mechanisms involved in such allergic responses.MethodsMice were exposed to NiCl2 on the dorsal side of the ears. Inflammation was evaluated by the swelling and cell infiltration of the ears. T cell responses were determined as numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes. Localization of nickel was examined by dimethylglyoxime staining.ResultsEpicutaneous exposure to nickel results in prolonged localization of nickel in the epidermis, and induces nickel allergy in mice. The allergic response to nickel following epicutaneous exposure is MyD88‐dependent and interleukin (IL)‐1 receptor‐dependent, but independent of toll‐like receptor (TLR)‐4.ConclusionThis new model for nickel allergy that reflects epicutaneous exposure to nickel in humans shows that nickel allergy is dependent on MyD88 and IL‐1 receptor signalling, but independent of TLR4.
A systematic review of enhanced recovery care after colorectal surgery in elderly patients
Authors: Bagnall N. M. , Malietzis G. , Kennedy R. H. , Athanasiou T. , Faiz O. , Darzi A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAimEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) can decrease complications and reduces hospital stay. Less certain is whether elderly patients can fully adhere to and benefit from ERAS. We aimed to determine the safety, feasibility and efficacy of enhanced recovery after colorectal surgery in patients aged ≥ 65 years old.MethodA systematic search of Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane was performed to identify (i) studies comparing elderly patients managed with ERAS vs traditional care, (ii) cohort studies of ERAS with results of elderly vs younger patients and (iii) any case series of ERAS in elderly patients. End‐points of interest were length of hospital stay, complications, mortality, readmission and re‐operation, and ERAS protocol adherence.ResultsSixteen studies were included. Two randomized controlled trials demonstrated shorter hospital stay in elderly patients with ERAS compared with elderly patients with non‐ERAS (9 vs 13.2 days, P < 0.001; 5.5 vs 7 days, P < 0.0001). Fewer complications occurred with ERAS in both randomized controlled trials (27.4% vs 58.6%, P < 0.0001; 5% vs 21.1%, P = 0.045). The majority of observational studies did not show differences in outcome between elderly and younger patients in terms of hospital stay, morbidity or mortality. Inconsistent findings between cohort studies may reflect the disparities in ERAS protocol definitions or differences in study populations.ConclusionERAS can be safely applied to elderly patients to reduce complications and shorten length of hospital stay. Further studies are required to assess whether elderly patients are able to adhere to, and benefit from, ERAS protocols to the same extent as younger patients.
Short‐term heat stress results in diminution of bacterial symbionts but has little effect on life history in adult female citrus mealybugs
Authors: Parkinson Jasmine F. , Gobin Bruno , Hughes William O.H. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMealybugs are sap‐feeding insect pests that pose a serious threat to horticulture. The citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), like most other mealybug species, harbours two obligate maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbionts, which are essential for nutrient acquisition and host survival. These are ‘Candidatus Tremblaya princeps’, a member of the β‐Proteobacteria, and ‘Candidatus Moranella endobia’, a member of the γ‐Proteobacteria. The density of symbionts in the hosts is now understood to be dynamic, being influenced by the age and gender of the host and by environmental conditions during development. Here, we examine the impact of short‐term heat stress treatment on the obligate symbionts and life‐history parameters of P. citri, using qPCR to measure changes in symbiont density. Heat stress killed juveniles and adult males, and significantly reduced levels of ‘Ca. Moranella endobia’ and ‘Ca. Tremblaya princeps’ in adult females. However, adult females were resilient to this and it did not affect their fecundity or brood survival, although the sex ratio of their brood was slightly, but significantly, more female biased. Our results suggest that ‘Ca. Tremblaya princeps’ and ‘Ca. Moranella endobia’ are not as essential to the survival of adult mealybugs as they are to the survival of immature mealybugs and that sub‐lethal heat treatment alone is unlikely to be effective as a disinfestation tactic.
Contrast between Water‐ and Ethanol‐Based Antioxidant Assays: Aspen (Populus tremula) and Black Poplar (Populus nigra) Extracts as a Case Study
Authors: Benedec Daniela , Oniga Ilioara , Muresan Bianca , Mot Augustin C. , Damian Grigore , Nistor Adriana , Silaghi‐Dumitrescu Radu , Hanganu Daniela , Duma Mihaela , Vlase Laurian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWater‐based antioxidant assays such as TEAC method, Folin–Ciocalteu assay, the newly developed physiological relevant enzymatic assay HAPX, EPR radicals detection and ethanol based antioxidant assays such as the well‐known DPPH bleaching assay and another EPR method were employed, revealing several aspects of the antioxidant activities of Populus tremula and Populus nigra extracts. A distinct behavior between these two types of assays could be observed in our samples. Alkali‐generated EPR‐detectable free radicals are described here for the first time in Populus sp. extracts. The shape of these signals and the conditions under which they were obtained point to polyphenolic compounds as the sites of the radicals – as confirmed by HPLC‐MS chemical analysis. Besides their antioxidant activity, the antibacterial activity of these extracts reconfirms their biological activity of these widespread herbal medicinal products.Practical ApplicationsSince the antioxidant activity of pharmaceutical and food‐based products is one of the properties that is usually evaluated for their quality, this study aims to draw attention at the variables that might influence the parameters used to estimate this property. As such, this research shows that a set of methods, based on different mechanisms, should be employed rather than only one or two classical methods. In addition, a relatively newly introduced method, based on EPR, detected semiquinone anion radicals is also described, which might be applied for other polyphenol‐rich food‐based products concerning antioxidant activity assessment.
High expression of the histone demethylase LSD1 associates with cancer cell proliferation and unfavorable prognosis in tongue cancer
Authors: Yuan Chunping , Li Zhongwu , Qi Bing , Zhang Wei , Cheng Jie , Wang Yanling 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundThe histone lysine‐specific demethylase (LSD1) is a key chromatin modifier mediating the demethylation of both H3K4me1/me2 and H3K9 me1/me2. Recently, its deregulation has been implicated in the initiation and progression of various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of LSD1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and determine its prognostic significance in predicting patients' prognosis.MethodsLSD1 expression was examined by RT‐PCR and western blotting in three tongue cancer cell lines and by immunohistochemistry in 63 primary tongue SCC specimens with detailed clinical, pathological, and follow‐up data. Its associations with various clinicopathological parameters, Ki‐67 expression, and patients' survival were further assessed.ResultsUpregulated LSD1 expression was observed in tongue cancer cells and a major fraction of tongue SCC samples. Overexpression of LSD1 significantly associated with tumor size (P = 0.0357), pathological grade (P = 0.0323), Ki‐67 abundance (P = 0.0148), and reduced overall and disease‐free survival (Kaplan–Meier analysis, P = 0.0351, 0.0479, respectively). The Cox regression survival analyses identified LSD1 as an important independent predictor for patients' overall survival.ConclusionOur data indicate that aberrant LSD1 overexpression associates with key clinicopathological features and unfavorable prognosis in patients with tongue cancer. LSD1 might play critical roles during tongue tumorigenesis and represent a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for this malignancy.
Association between human papilloma virus/Epstein–Barr virus coinfection and oral carcinogenesis
Authors: Jiang Ru , Ekshyyan Oleksandr , Moore‐Medlin Tara , Rong Xiaohua , Nathan Sean , Gu Xin , Abreo Fleurette , Rosenthal Eben L. , Shi Mingxia , Guidry Joseph T. , Scott Rona S. , Hutt‐Fletcher Lindsey M. , Nathan Cherie‐Ann O. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundThe recent epidemic of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) has not addressed its association with lymphoid tissue in the oropharynx or the potential role of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)/HPV coinfection.MethodsThe prevalence of HPV and EBV infection/coinfection and CD21 mRNA expression were determined in normal and cancerous tissues from the oropharynx using in situ hybridization (ISH), p16, and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT‐PCR). The effects of coinfection on tumorigenicity were evaluated using proliferation and invasion assays.ResultsNormal oropharynx, tonsil, non‐cancer base of tongue (BOT), and BOT from sleep apnea patients demonstrated EBV positivity ranging from 7% to 36% depending on the site and methods of detection used (qRT‐PCR or ISH). Among non‐malignant BOT samples, HPV positivity was noted only in 20%. The percent of tonsil and BOT cancers positive for HPV (up to 63% and 80%, respectively) or coinfected with HPV/EBV (up to 25% and 70%, respectively) were both significantly associated with cancer status. Notably, HPV/EBV coinfection was observed only in malignant tissue originating in lymphoid‐rich oropharynx sites (tonsil, BOT). CD21 mRNA (the major EBV attachment receptor) was detected in tonsil and BOT epithelium, but not in soft‐palate epithelium. Coinfected cell lines showed a significant increase in invasiveness (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of HPV/EBV infection and coinfection in BOT and tonsil cancers, possibly reflecting their origins in lymphoid‐rich tissue. In vitro, cells modeling coinfection have an increased invasive potential.
A comparative immunohistochemistry study of diagnostic tools in salivary gland tumors: usefulness of mammaglobin, gross cystic disease fluid protein 15, and p63 cytoplasmic staining for the diagnosis of mammary analog secretory carcinoma?
Authors: Projetti Fabrice , Lacroix‐Triki Magali , Serrano Elie , Vergez Sebastien , Herbault Barres Béatrice , Meilleroux Julie , Delisle Marie‐Bernadette , Uro‐Coste Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundMammary analog secretory carcinoma (MASC) of the salivary gland has been recently described according to morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular (ETV6‐NTRK3 translocation) similarities with the mammary secretory carcinoma. The most important differential diagnostic considerations of MASC are low‐grade adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS), cystadenocarcinoma, and acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC). These tumors may share an overlapping morphology with MASC, and additional immunohistochemical studies are required to reinforce the diagnosis. Mammaglobin, GCDFP‐15, and p63 staining have been reported in MASC. Our study was designed to check the specificity of these antibodies in MASC compared to other frequent tumors of salivary glands.MethodsA series of 62 salivary gland tumors [10 MASCs, 5 adenocarcinomas NOS and 2 cystadenocarcinomas with MASC features and without ETV6 rearrangement, one low‐grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma (LGCCC), 9 AciCCs, 10 MECs, 10 adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdeCCs), 5 polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinomas (PLGAs), and 10 pleomorphic adenomas (PAs)] was analyzed by immunohistochemistry with mammaglobin, GCDFP‐15, and p63 antibodies.ResultsPositivity for mammaglobin was observed in all MASCs, cystadenocarcinomas, LGCCC, and PLGAs, in some adenocarcinomas NOS, PAs, and MECs, rarely in AciCCs and never in AdeCCs. Positivity for GCDFP‐15 was observed in most of the tumor types except in AdeCCs. Interestingly, cytoplasmic positivity for p63 was observed in most of MASCs and PLGAs while rarely in adenocarcinomas NOS and PAs, and never in the other tumor types.ConclusionOur study revealed the usefulness of mammaglobin and p63 cytoplasmic staining to define which tumors are worth to be screened for ETV6 rearrangement.
A practice change initiative to improve the provision of enteral nutrition to intensive care patients
Authors: Jarden Rebecca J , Sutton Lynsey J 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAimTo describe a practice change initiative that improved the provision of enteral nutrition (EN) to patients in a New Zealand tertiary intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsThe project reviewed and summarized EN literature, amended local policy, and an evidence‐based EN delivery algorithm was developed. The EN practice change initiative was implemented and evaluated. Data was collected and analyzed in a pre‐audit (2009) and a post‐audit (2013).ResultsComparison of the pre‐audit (N = 25) and the post‐audit (N = 40) data demonstrated improvements in three areas of EN delivery. The commencement of early EN within 24 h of admission was evident for a large proportion of patients in both 2009 and 2013 audits. There was a large reduction in time between the two audits for both ICU admission to achievement of EN goal rate (M = 57·71 h versus M = 33·79 h, p = 0·006) and also for EN commencement to achievement of EN goal rate (M = 31·65 h versus M = 10·15 h, p = 0·000). The volume of prescribed EN delivered on days 2, 4 and 6 was greater in the 2013 audit in comparison to the 2009 audit. Staff compliance with adhering to the EN policy and algorithm improved from 46% in 2009, to 95% in 2013.ConclusionsThe practice change has significantly improved the practice delivery of EN for patients in the local ICU resulting in optimal care.Relevance to clinical practiceMalnutrition is highly prevalent among intensive care patients. Strategies and initiatives that improve the delivery of enteral nutrition to the critical care population is therefore vitally important. This article describing such an initiative is thus highly relevant to all health care professionals delivering enteral nutrition in intensive and critical care units.