bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New scoring methodology improves the sensitivity of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) in clinical trials
Authors: Verma Nishant , Beretvas S. Natasha , Pascual Belen , Masdeu Joseph C. , Markey Mia K. ,   The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionAs currently used, the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) has low sensitivity for measuring Alzheimer’s disease progression in clinical trials. A major reason behind the low sensitivity is its sub-optimal scoring methodology, which can be improved to obtain better sensitivity.MethodsUsing item response theory, we developed a new scoring methodology (ADAS-CogIRT) for the ADAS-Cog, which addresses several major limitations of the current scoring methodology. The sensitivity of the ADAS-CogIRT methodology was evaluated using clinical trial simulations as well as a negative clinical trial, which had shown an evidence of a treatment effect.ResultsThe ADAS-Cog was found to measure impairment in three cognitive domains of memory, language, and praxis. The ADAS-CogIRT methodology required significantly fewer patients and shorter trial durations as compared to the current scoring methodology when both were evaluated in simulated clinical trials. When validated on data from a real clinical trial, the ADAS-CogIRT methodology had higher sensitivity than the current scoring methodology in detecting the treatment effect.ConclusionsThe proposed scoring methodology significantly improves the sensitivity of the ADAS-Cog in measuring progression of cognitive impairment in clinical trials focused in the mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease stage. This provides a boost to the efficiency of clinical trials requiring fewer patients and shorter durations for investigating disease-modifying treatments.
On modules of finite projective dimension
Authors: Dutta S. P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe address two aspects of finitely generated modules of finite projective dimension over local rings and their connection in between: embeddability and grade of order ideals of minimal generators of syzygies. We provide a solution of the embeddability problem and prove important reductions and special cases of the order ideal conjecture. In particular, we derive that, in any local ringRof mixed characteristicp> 0, wherepis a nonzero divisor, ifIis an ideal of finite projective dimension overRandp𝜖Iorpis a nonzero divisor onR/I, then every minimal generator ofIis a nonzero divisor. Hence, ifPis a prime ideal of finite projective dimension in a local ringR, then every minimal generator ofPis a nonzero divisor inR.
Relevance of components of Investment Model and some variables in close relationships with high and low self-monitoring<p>Yakın ilişkilerde Yatırım Modeli unsurlarının ve bazı değişkenlerin yüksek ve düşük izlenim ayarlamacılığı ile ilgisi
Authors: Aslan Yılmaz Hanzade , Hovardaoğlu Selim 
Published: October 2015

<p>The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between some variables related to close relationships (expectation of the relationship duration, loyalty to the relation, finding the partner attractive, evaluating the quality of the relationship positively, having issues in the relationship, reliance on the relationship, the wish that she/he had never started the relationship, finding the relationship important, happiness with the partner) and the components of Investment Model (relationship satisfaction, quality of alternatives, relationship investment) with self-monitoring which is a variable related to the self concept. For this aim, married or not, 472 participants which have a romantic relationship, completed a personal information form, Snyder’s Self-monitoring Scale (Bacanlı, 1990; Snyder, 1974) and Relationship Stability Scale (Büyükşahin, Hasta,&amp; Hovardaoğlu, 2005; Rusbult, Martz, &amp;Agnew,1998). A logistic regression is conducted to investigate whether the components of Investment Model are relevant to any self-monitoring groups (high self-monitoring or low self-monitoring). Results indicated that quality of alternatives (positively) and having issues in the relationship (negatively) are related to high self-monitoring. Results are discussed in terms of theoretical approaches.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Bu araştırmada yakın ilişkilerle ilgili bazı değişkenlerin (ilişki süresine ilişkin beklenti, ilişkiye bağlılık, partneri çekici bulmak, ilişkinin niteliğini olumlu değerlendirmek, ilişkide sorun yaşamak, ilişkide güvende hissetmek, ilişkiye hiç başlamamış olmayı istemek, ilişkiyi önemli bulmak, partnerle mutluluk) ve Yatırım Modeli’nin (Investment Model) unsurları (ilişki doyumu, seçeneklerin niteliğinin değerlendirme, ilişki yatırımı) ile benlik kavramıyla ilişkili izlenim ayarlamacılığı (self-monitoring) değişkeninin ilgili olup olmadığının test edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, (evli ya da evli olmayan) bir romantik ilişkisi bulunan 472 kişiye kişisel bilgi formu, Kendini Ayarlama Ölçeği (Bacanlı, 1990; Snyder, 1974) ve İlişki İstikrarı Ölçeği (Büyükşahin, Hasta ve Hovardaoğlu, 2005; Rusbult, Martz ve Agnew,1998) uygulanmıştır. Yapılan lojistik regresyon analizi ile araştırma kapsamında ele alınan ve yakın ilişkilerle ilgili değişkenlerin ve Yatırım Modeli unsurlarının yüksek ya da düşük izlenim ayarlamacılığı gruplarından herhangi biriyle ilgili olup olmadığı test edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda seçeneklerin niteliğini değerlendirme (pozitif olarak) ve ilişkide sorun yaşama (negatif olarak) değişkenlerinin yüksek izlenim ayarlamacılığı ile ilgili olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar kuramsal yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.</p>
Intra-aortic balloon occlusion without fluoroscopy for life-threating post-partum hemorrhage
Authors: Yamashita Yuka , Kawashima Akihiro , Hasegawa Junichi , Oba Tomohiro , Nakamura Masamitsu , Yamashita Tomoyuki , Miyake Yasufumi , Sekizawa Akihiko 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The use of intra-aortic balloon occlusion (IABO) could be effective in achieving the quick control of bleeding in emergency settings and in supporting the provision of safe radical treatment through resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). We herein report our experience of a patient with life-threatening postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section who was successfully treated by hysterectomy with IABO without fluoroscopy. We believe that this procedure is very useful and safe, and that it should be considered as one of methods for controlling bleeding in patients with life-threatening postpartum hemorrhage.
CYP2D6 in Amerindians from Southern Mexico: low variability and higher frequency of functional alleles
Authors: Perez-Paramo Yadira X. , Hernandez-Cabrera Francisco , Rojas-Martinez Augusto , Ortiz-Lopez Rocio 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background: Several functional and nonfunctional CYP2D6 variants have been associated with interindividual and interethnic variability in pharmacological responses. The aim of this article was to study the diversity and the interpopulation relationships of CYP2D6 variants of south Native Mexicans to define predicted phenotypes.

Contents: A fully systematic review of CYP2D6 variants reported in Amerindian populations before 2015 was performed (NCBI, Google Scholar, and 1000 Genomes Project databases). Allele data were analyzed by methods such as heat map, dissimilarity matrix, dendogram, and principal component analysis using complete-linkage clustering method. Five original studies on CYP2D6 covering 13 Native Mexican populations were identified; three of these described CYP2D6 allele frequencies were in south Native Mexican populations. Overall, CYP2D6 allele variability is scarce in southern Native Mexican populations: besides the functional alleles *1 and *2 and the null variant *4, the other variants have frequencies <0.05. This implies that most of the southern Native Mexican populations may be considered CYP2D6 extended metabolizers. The statistical analyses tend to cluster the native communities by their geographical origin, but in a disperse pattern suggesting distinct subpopulation structures.

Conclusions:
CYP2D6 functional variants are prevalent in Native Mexicans, and they may be predicted as extended drug metabolizers. In addition, allele frequencies are related to the geographic distribution of the Amerindian groups and display important population stratification.
Elucidation of LCC bonding sites via γ-TTSA lignin degradation: crude milled wood lignin (MWL) from Eucalyptus globulus for enrichment of lignin xylan linkages and their HSQC-NMR characterization
Authors: Ando Daisuke , Nakatsubo Fumiaki , Takano Toshiyuki , Yano Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The selective lignin degradation in a LCC was proceeded with the γ-TTSA method, which is a selective cleavage method for β-O-4 linkages in lignins, in order to obtain more precise information concerning LCC bonding sites. To this purpose, crude MWL from Eucalyptus globulus, containing lignin and xylan, was treated by the γ-TTSA method. This approach consists of four steps: (1) γ-tosylation, (2) thioetherification, (3) sulfonylation, and (4) mild alkali treatment. The degradation products were extracted consecutively with Et2O, EtOAc, and THF for the lignin removal, and thus the residue was enriched in LCCs. The residue was characterized by HSQC-NMR. Results indicated that the residue contained xylan and β-β substructures, although lignin was degraded. It can be concluded that the β-β substructures play an important role in the bonding sites between lignin and xylan of Eucalyptus globulus.
Developing a System for Converting a Numeral Text into a Digit Number: Abacus Application
Authors: Alkhateeb Faisal , Barhoush Malek , Al-Abdallah Elham 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we will present a novel and the first approach to transforming written Arabic numeral word format into a string of digits according to proposed Arabic numeral rules. In this work, we relied mainly on the Arabic stemmer to determine the digit number, where we proposed a set of stems for the main numbers. The proposed approach covers all problems associated with Arabic numeral texts, including different numeral word shapes and unordered sentences. That is, a textual number could be written in more than one format; moreover, we deal with Arabic accents. In addition, we propose to deal with simple spelling errors and using similarities to find the nearest correct word. The proposed approach covers all possible text numbers in the range of one to millions. Tests have been executed using a possible case from context numeral in the range above, and the experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed approach is promising in the sense that it provides an efficient and error-free transformation. Finally, we built an Android mobile-based application that uses the proposed approach to transform between three different formats: digits, numeral texts, and Abacus.
Perlindungan Indikasi Geografis Dalam Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) Melalui Ratifikasi Perjanjian Lisabon
Authors: Rahmatullah Indra 
Published: October 2015

Abstract: Protection of Indication Geography in Property Intellectual Rights through The Ratification of Lisabon Agreement. Property Rights Intellectual property rights are one of the factors to increase the economic development in a country. The diversity of these rights depends on state ability in optimizing its property rights. As a rich natural resources country, Indonesia need to create Indication Geographic Rights to give maximum contribution to economy development. For that reason, Indonesia need to ratify international convention that is Lisbon Agreement which is specifically regulate Indication Geographic Rights. Abstraksi: Perlindungan Indikasi Geografis Dalam Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) Melalui Ratifikasi Perjanjian Lisabon. Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) merupakan salah satu faktor bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi di suatu negara. Jenisj enis tertentu dari HKI tersebut bergantung dari kemampuan negara tertentu dalam mengoptimalkan HKI-nya. Indonesia yang kaya akan sumber daya alam patut mendorong jenis HKI-nya yaitu indikasi geografis untuk memberikan kontribusi yang maksimal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia harus meratifikasi hukum internasional yakni Perjanjian Lisabon yang spesifik mengatur indikasi geografisnya. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i2.1470
Pembatalan Putusan Arbitrase Nasional Oleh Pengadilan Negeri
Authors: Andriansyah Muhammad 
Published: October 2015

Abstract: The National Arbitration Award Cancellation By Court. Article 70 of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, stating that the award can only be canceled if it is thought to contain elements of letter/false documents, or documents found hidden by the other party, or a decision that is taken from the results of deceit trick performed by one of the parties in the dispute. To prove whether or not one of the above three elements must be proved by a court decision. If the District Court stated that the reasons are evident, then the arbitration award may be canceled, if not proven, the Court should reject the application for cancellation of the arbitration decision. But in practice, there is still the District Court received the request for cancellation of arbitration outside the context of Article 70 of Law No. 30 of 1999 as stated in the South Jakarta District Court. Abstrak: Pembatalan Putusan Arbitrase Nasional Oleh Pengadilan Negeri. Pasal 70 Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 Tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, menyatakan bahwa putusan arbitrase hanya dapat dibatalkan jika diduga mengandung unsur-unsur surat/dokumen palsu, atau ditemukan dokumen yang disembunyikan oleh pihak lawan, atau putusan yang diambil dari hasil tipu muslihat yang dilakukan oleh salah satu pihak dalam pemeriksaan sengketa. Untuk membuktikan ada atau tidaknya salah satu dari tiga unsur diatas harus dibuktikan dengan putusan pengadilan. Apabila Pengadilan Negeri menyatakan bahwa alasan-alasan tersebut terbukti, maka putusan arbitrase dapat dibatalkan, apabila tidak terbukti, maka Pengadilan Negeri harus menolak permohonan pembatalan putusan arbitrase. Akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya, Pengadilan Negeri masih ada yang menerima permohonan pembatalan arbitrase di luar konteks pasal 70 Undang-Undang No 30 Tahun 1999 sebagaimana tertuang dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i2.1472
Ensuring the Health of Children in Disasters
Authors:   DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ADVISORY COUNCIL,   COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Krug Steven E. , Chung Sarita , Fagbuyi Daniel B. , Fisher Margaret C. , Schonfeld David J. , Shook Joan E. , Chun Thomas H. , Conners Gregory P. , MBA MD MPH , Conway Edward E. , Dudley Nanette Christine , Fuchs Susan M. , Lane Natalie Edith , Macias Charles G. , MPH MD , Moore Brian R. 
Published: October 2015

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed April 2021.
Infants, children, adolescents, and young adults have unique physical, mental, behavioral, developmental, communication, therapeutic, and social needs that must be addressed and met in all aspects of disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. Pediatricians, including primary care pediatricians, pediatric medical subspecialists, and pediatric surgical specialists, have key roles to play in preparing and treating families in cases of disasters. Pediatricians should attend to the continuity of practice operations to provide services in time of need and stay abreast of disaster and public health developments to be active participants in community planning efforts. Federal, state, tribal, local, and regional institutions and agencies that serve children should collaborate with pediatricians to ensure the health and well-being of children in disasters.
Egyre gyakoribbá váló megbetegedés: pulmonalis dirofilariasis
Authors: Kiss Béla , Bátor Győző , Tolvaj Balázs , Kecskés László István 
Published: October 2015

Absztrakt
Az éghajlatváltozás következtében terjedőben lévő zoonozissal, dirofilariasissal
(szív- vagy fonálférgesség) a jövőben minden bizonnyal gyakrabban találkoznak
kollégák a humán egészségügyben. Esetünk kapcsán hívjuk fel a figyelmet az egyre
többször differenciáldiagnosztikai problémákat is okozó fonálférgekre.
Perifériás kerek árnyék miatt – malignus tumor gyanújával – operáltuk
betegünket, a hisztológiai vizsgálat dirofilariasist igazolt.
Antropologia elementarna Arnolda Gehlena
Authors: Kusak Leszek 
Published: October 2015

Of a historical and comparative character, this article's basic aim is to reconstruct the main principles of the somewhat forgotten philosophical anthropology of Arnold Gehlen. Some of the principles were derived from the works of J. G. Herder (man as Mängelwesen), F. Nietzsche (man as nicht festgestellte Tier), and M. Scheler (man's "openness" to the world). The majority of the proposed theses, however, were Gehlen's own (the idea of "unburdening", man as Kulturwesen, tradition as a life-stabilising force). Apart from its strengths, Gehlen's anthropology has some weaknesses (biologistic metaphysics, attaching excessive significance to the outdated conception of "a deficient being", blurring the boundaries between the philosophical method and the scientific method). They are the subject of discussions carried out both by scientists conducting empirical research on man and by experts on the philosophy of man, as well as being the subject of my own interest.
The Price Is Right: What Makes an M&A Deal Go Round, and What You Can Do When Companies Combine
Authors: Frenette Craig , Munisteri Islin , Ighalo Samuel , Terrazas Rodrigo , Tambosso Alan , Dodson Jeffrey T. , Law Lucas K. 
Published: October 2015

Forum
This year and the last have been significant for acquisitions in the energy sector. At the corporate level, we are seeing the Halliburton takeover of Baker Hughes, the Shell buyout of BG Group, and Repsol’s acquisition of Talisman. At the asset level, there was the Woodside-Apache liquefied natural gas project, Nigerian companies’ acquisition of western companies’ interests in the country, and various master limited partnership mergers in the US.
The TWA Forum team talked with some of the top minds in the energy mergers and acquisitions (M&A) arena about what is driving the market, and how to prepare yourself if you are employed on either side of a transaction. This article will provide an overview of what happens behind closed doors before a merger or an acquisition takes place.
What Gets the Ball Rolling?
What are the key drivers of M&A activity in the energy sector?
Alan Tambosso (AT): The key drivers are currently cash flow, cash flow, and cash flow! Assets that are currently making money are in demand. Previously, assets were traded on a reserves basis. Transactions were very often based on a proved plus probable reserves value at a specified discount rate, say 15%. However, the focus has changed now as the market demands a current cash flow.
The shift in M&A drivers from reserves to cash flow occurred in the early 1990s when junior companies would buy underdeveloped assets with lots of reserves and then put capital in to accelerate the cash flow of the asset. This in turn provided more capital to develop more reserves, which created growth. The market reacted by funding these companies, as markets will always allocate capital toward companies with high growth potential.
Recently, low commodity prices have highlighted the focus on cash flow. Assets must be producing positive cash flow or the company holding the assets will not be able to sustain itself. Other drivers of transactions are debt, including operational obligations, such as abandonment liabilities. Companies with high levels of debt are less likely to be able to acquire a company or asset. In addition, acquirers may not want to purchase a target with high debt load.
Estimating Effective Fracture Pore-Volume from Early Single-Phase Flowback Data and Relating It to Fracture Design Parameters
Authors: Fu Y. , Ezulike D. O. , Dehghanpour H. , Steven Jones R. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Flowback data analysis has been recently considered by the industry to quantify hydraulic fracture parameters such as, effective fracture pore-volume. Tools based on simulation and rate transient analysis have been applied for flowback analysis. However, too many unknown parameters, together with complex production mechanisms lead to uncertain and non-unique results. This paper illustrates how flowback data can be interpreted to estimate effective fracture pore-volume and its relationship to fracture design parameters.
This study starts by addressing some limitations of the previous flowback models. In particular, the effects of water expansion and fracture closure are included in the proposed model. The resulting linear relationship is applied to flowback data from eight tight oil and gas wells in Anadarko Basin to estimate effective fracture pore-volume. The estimated effective fracture pore-volumes are compared with fracture design parameters such as total injected volume of water, soaking time, gross perforated interval, and proppant concentration.
The results indicate that fracture closure is the main mechanism for single-phase water flowback. Therefore, effective fracture pore-volume largely depends on fracture compressibility. The results also show that soaking time, gross perforated index, and proppant concentration are among the key design parameters for an optimum fracturing treatment.