bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Prelacteal Feeding and Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding in Hospital-Delivered Infants in India
Authors: Patel Archana , Banerjee Anita , Kaletwad Amol 
Published: February 2013

Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding continues to remain uncommon in India, and the practice of giving prelacteal feeding is still prevalent. Objectives: We determined the rates of timely initiation of breastfeeeding and prelacteal feeding, factors associated with these practices, and the association between the 2. Methods: Five hundred women who delivered live infants at a tertiary care hospital in India were included. The study outcomes were timely initiation of breastfeeding and prelacteal feeding. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) of both timely initiation and prelacteal feeding. Results: Timely initiation and prelacteal feeding rates were 36.4% and 16.9%, respectively. Factors associated with timely initiation were higher maternal education (adjusted OR 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10, 3.60), counseling on breastfeeding during antenatal visits (adjusted OR 3.60, 95% CI 2.00, 6.20); absence of obstetric problems (adjusted OR 3.48, 95% CI 1.68, 7.23); vaginal deliveries (adjusted OR 37.57, 95% CI 17.40, 81.11); and increasing gestational age of newborn (adjusted OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.00, 1.40). Factors significantly associated with higher rates of prelacteal feeding were lower maternal education (adjusted OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.06, 4.35), Muslim religion (adjusted OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.18, 4.36), and delivery by cesarean section (adjusted OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.56, 4.19). There was a significant association between delayed initiation and prelacteal feeding ( P < .001). Conclusion: The rates of timely initiation of breastfeeding were undesirably low, and the practice of prelacteal feeding existed even in tertiary care hospitals. Identifying factors associated with these practices might be a strategy for optimizing timely initiation and discouraging prelacteal feeding in hospital-delivered babies.
‘Admit voluntary, schedule if tries to leave’: placing Mental Health Acts in the context of mental health law and human rights
Authors: Wand Anne , Wand Timothy 
Published: February 2013

Objectives: Most postgraduate training for clinicians in Australia and New Zealand regarding mental health legislation focuses on the relevant Mental Health Acts (MHAs) rather than the broader principles of mental health law. Key concepts include treatment in the least restrictive environment, voluntary access to mental health services, treatability, reciprocity and due process. Lack of awareness of these principles may result in a more risk-averse interpretation of MHAs, which is inconsistent with the spirit of mental health law and the promotion of human rights. The aim of this paper is to present some fundamental principles of mental health law, which are essential to proper clinical application of MHAs, and to demonstrate why they should form part of the curriculum for psychiatry training and continuing professional development for psychiatrists. Conclusions: A sound understanding of the principles of mental health law is essential for all clinicians who may be enacting aspects of MHAs. This provides the necessary platform to safeguard human rights and optimise the care of people with a mental illness.
The Social Media
Authors: Turnipseed William D. 
Published: February 2013

Objectives: Social media has revolutionized interpersonal communication and has become a commonly used public informational resource. This study evaluates the impact of intranet informatics on a specialty practice of vascular surgery. Methods: Referral patterns for patients with chronic compartment syndrome (CCS) and popliteal entrapment syndrome (PAES) between 2008 and 2011 were analyzed. Demographics included referral source (physicians, nonphysicians), media resource, and case volume change. Results: Prior to 2008, referrals came from local or regional sports medicine practices (100%). Since 2008 this pattern has changed; local/regional (80%), national (15%), and international (5%). Physician referrals dropped from 97% to 70%, and nonphysician referrals increased from 3% to 30%. Both CCS procedures and PAES procedures increased as remote geographic and public referrals increased. Referral change was associated with social media searches using applications such as PubMed and Google. Conclusion: Social media is an evolving source of medical information and patient referrals which physicians should cautiously embrace.
An efferocytosis-induced, IL-4–dependent macrophage-iNKT cell circuit suppresses sterile inflammation and is defective in murine CGD
Authors: Zeng Melody Yue , Pham Duy , Bagaitkar Juhi , Liu Jianyun , Otero Karel , Shan Ming , Wynn Thomas A. , Brombacher Frank , Brutkiewicz Randy R. , Kaplan Mark H. , Dinauer Mary C. 
Published: February 2013

Key PointsEfferocytosis induces macrophages to produce IL-4 and activate iNKT cells to resolve sterile inflammation. Macrophages in mice with chronic granulomatous disease are defective in activating iNKT cells during sterile inflammation.
Low rate of recurrence of Helicobacter Pylori infection in spite of high clarithromycin resistance in Pakistan
Authors: Yakoob Javed , Abid Shahab , Jafri Wasim , Abbas Zaigham , Mumtaz Khalid , Hamid Saeed , Ahmed Rashida 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim was to investigate the reinfection rate ofH. pyloriduring a follow-up period of 12 months in adults who had undergone eradication therapy.MethodsOne hundred-twenty patients; 116 with gastritis, 3 with duodenal ulcer and 1 gastric ulcer, were studied. Their mean age was 41 ± 13 years (range 18–77) and male: female ratio of 2:1.H. pyloriwere cultured and antibiotic sensitivity was determined by Epsilometer test (E-test) for clarithromycin (CLR) and amoxicillin (AMX). Primers ofurease Cgene ofH. pyloriand Sau-3 and Hha I restriction enzymes were used for polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP).14C urea breath test (14C-UBT) was performed 4 weeks after the eradication therapy. The successfully treated patients were observed for 12 months with14C-UBT to assessH. pyloristatus. If14C-UBT was negative, it was repeated after every 12 weeks. If14C-UBT was positive, endoscopy was repeated with biopsies.ResultThe eradication therapy was successful in 102(85%) patients. Out of forty-sevenH. pyloriisolates cultured, clarithromycin sensitivity was present in 30(64%) and amoxicillin in 45(98%), respectively. Follow-up14C-urea breath tests of all 102 patients who eradicatedH. pyloriremained negative up to 9 months. However, in 6 patients, the14C-UBT confirmed recurrence at 12 months. The recurrence rate was 6%.ConclusionA low rate of recurrence ofH. pyloriinfection was found in patients with dyspeptic symptoms.H. pyloriisolates demonstrated a high invitro clarithromycin resistance.
Nucleoplasmic calcium signaling and cell proliferation: calcium signaling in the nucleus
Authors: Resende Rodrigo R , Andrade Lidia M , Oliveira Andre G , Guimarães Erika S , Guatimosim Silvia , Leite M Fatima 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential signal transduction element involved in the regulation of several cellular activities and it is required at various key stages of the cell cycle. Intracellular Ca2+ is crucial for the orderly cell cycle progression and plays a vital role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Recently, it was demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies that nucleoplasmic Ca2+ regulates cell growth. Even though the mechanism by which nuclear Ca2+ regulates cell proliferation is not completely understood, there are reports demonstrating that activation of tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) leads to translocation of RTKs to the nucleus to generate localized nuclear Ca2+ signaling which are believed to modulate cell proliferation. Moreover, nuclear Ca2+ regulates the expression of genes involved in cell growth. This review will describe the nuclear Ca2+ signaling machinery and its role in cell proliferation. Additionally, the potential role of nuclear Ca2+ as a target in cancer therapy will be discussed.
How Molecular Testing Can Help (and Hurt) in the Workup of Gliomas
Authors: Clark Kenneth , Voronovich Zoya , Horbinski Craig 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAdvances in genetics research have greatly expanded our ability to accurately diagnose gliomas and provide more useful prognostic information. Herein specific examples are used to show how highyield targets such as EGFR, 1p/19q, IDH1/2, MGMT, and BRAF can expand the power of the surgical neuropathologist. To avoid errors, however, the significance and controversies associated with each test must be thoroughly understood.
Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus: A Current Review
Authors: Vlad Ionuţ , Popa Amorin Remus 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDiabetes mellitus represents worldwide an extremely important public healthproblem considering its high prevalence, the serious complications triggered by thedisease, the associated rate of mortality and, not the least, the extremely higheconomic and social costs. In 1995 approximately 135 million persons were affectedby diabetes and an increase of 300 million cases was estimated by the year 2025. Atthe end of 2012 a number of 347 million persons with diabetes was estimated, with aprediction of 552 million cases in 2030, that is 9.9% from the world’s adultpopulation. The question asked on an annual basis is: „Diabetes where do we go?Can we stop the dramatic evolution?”
Indices de transformation sociale par l’art qui relie une pratique artistique avec et dans la communauté
Authors: Tremblay Joëlle 
Published: February 2013

De nombreuses pratiques artistiques s’insèrent dans l’espace social, impliquant des communautés dans le travail de création; quelles pourraient en être les répercussions sociales? Nous appuyons notre réflexion sur une recherche doctorale qui propose une modélisation de l’art qui relie, une pratique artistique avec la communauté. C’est principalement à partir de ses fonctionnements que nous regardons les indices vecteurs d’une transformation des milieux. Après avoir exposé la méthodologie de la recherche, nous situons les fondements de notre expérience à travers une description de l’art qui relie. Nous présentons ensuite les caractéristiques de ce que nous entendons par « oeuvre » et les postures qui imprègnent les actes de notre travail de création. Pour terminer, nous décrivons trois passages caractéristiques de la démarche. Ces passages établissent un agir en commun, qui forme à la fois la matière, les personnes et les communautés; ils instaurent des façons de faire transformatrices. Il sera alors plus précisément question de passer de la curiosité à l’émerveillement, du conforme au singulier, de la performance à l’imperfection.
Influence of Heavy Snow on the Feeding Behavior of Japanese Macaques (Macaca Fuscata) in Northern Japan
Authors: ENARI HIROTO , SAKAMAKI‐ENARI HARUKA 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNatural disasters can degrade primate habitat and alter feeding behavior. Here, we examined the influence of unusually heavy snow on diet and feeding‐site use by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in northern Japan. To compare the winter‐feeding behavior under different snow conditions, we recorded the plant species foraged on by macaques in multiple transects of the Shirakami Mountains from 2008 to 2012 (excluding 2011). We used cluster analysis to describe foraged plant assemblages, and applied multiple dimensional scaling and decision tree modeling to evaluate annual variation in feeding‐site use by macaques. Our cluster analysis revealed five types of foraged plant assemblages. The proportion of each type present in transects varied considerably across the years, indicating that the diet of macaques in heavy snow conditions was influenced more by resource accessibility than by preference. Multiple dimensional scaling and decision tree modeling demonstrated that heavy snow conditions restricted feeding‐site use. Moreover, the distribution of refuges relative to severe external ambient environments was a stronger limiting factor for feeding‐site use than was the availability of food resources. While most primate species facing unexpected starvation employ risk‐prone foraging tactics (i.e., choosing the option with higher pay‐off by accepting risk), Japanese macaques have a tendency to adopt risk‐averse foraging behavior (i.e., minimizing energy loss when searching for preferred diet items under long‐lasting heavy snow conditions), because winters with temperatures below freezing have higher thermoregulatory costs. Am. J. Primatol. 75:534‐544, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐co‐HFP) hollow fiber membranes prepared from PVDF‐co‐HFP/PEG‐600Mw/DMAC solution for membrane distillation
Authors: Alsalhy Qusay F. , Rashid Khalid T. , Ibrahim Salah S. , Ghanim Abdulsattar H. , Van der Bruggen Bart , Luis Patricia , Zablouk Mumtaz 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPoly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐co‐HFP) hollow fiber membranes were prepared by using the phase inversion method. The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG‐600Mw) with different concentrations (i.e., 0, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 18, and 20 wt %) as a pore former on the preparation and characterization of PVDF‐co‐HFP hollow fibers was investigated. The hollow fiber membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and porosity measurement. It was found that there is no significant effect of the PEG concentration on the dimensions of the hollow fibers, whereas the porosity of the hollow fibers increases with increase of PEG concentration. The cross‐sectional structure changed from a sponge‐like structure of the hollow fiber prepared from pure PVDF‐co‐HFP to a finger‐like structure with small sponge‐like layer in the middle of the cross section with increase of PEG concentration. A remarkable undescribed shape of the nodules with different sizes in the outer surfaces, which are denoted as “twisted rope nodules,” was observed. The mean surface roughness of the hollow fiber membranes decreased with an increase of PEG concentration in the polymer solution. The mean pore size of the hollow fibers gradually increased from 99.12 to 368.91 nm with increase of PEG concentration in polymer solution. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Solid‐State Luminescence of AuCuAlkynyl Complexes Induced by Metallophilicity‐Driven Aggregation
Authors: Koshevoy Igor O. , Chang Yuh‐Chia , Karttunen Antti J. , Shakirova Julia R. , Jänis Janne , Haukka Matti , Pakkanen Tapani , Chou Pi‐Tai 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA new series of homoleptic alkynyl complexes, [{Au2Cu2(C2R)4}n] (R=C3H7O (1), C6H11O (2), C9H19O (3), C13H11O (4)), were obtained from Au(SC4H8)Cl, Cu(NCMe)4PF6, and the corresponding alkyne in the presence of a base (NEt3). Complexes 1–4 aggregate upon crystallization into polymeric chains through extensive metallophilic interactions. The cluster that contains fluorenolyl functionalities, C13H9O (5), crystallizes in its molecular form as a disolvate, [Au2Cu2(C2C13H9O)4]⋅2 THF. The substitution of weakly bound THF molecules with pyridine molecules leads to the complex [Au2Cu2(C2C13H9O)4]⋅2 py (6), thus giving two polymorphs in the solid state. Such structural diversity is established through metal‐chain and hydrogen‐bond formation, which depends on the stereochemical characteristics of the organic ligands. More interestingly, this solid‐state structural arrangement affords good emission properties, such as intensity and spectroscopic profile, which are otherwise very weakly emissive in solution. Metallophilic aggregation of the {Au2Cu2} cluster units, as observed in the crystals, results in dramatic enhancement of the room‐temperature phosphorescence, thereby reaching a maximum quantum efficiency of 95 % (4). A theoretical approach further indicates a synergistic effect of the array of the metal chain upon aggregation, which greatly enhances the spin‐orbit coupling and, hence, the phosphorescence, thereby opening up a new direction in the field of aggregate‐enhanced emission.
Pebbling Graphs of Fixed Diameter
Authors: Postle Luke 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGiven a configuration of indistinguishable pebbles on the vertices of a connected graph G on n vertices, a pebbling move is defined as the removal of two pebbles from some vertex, and the placement of one pebble on an adjacent vertex. The m‐pebbling number of a graph G, , is the smallest integer k such that for each vertex v and each configuration of k pebbles on G there is a sequence of pebbling moves that places at least m pebbles on v. When , it is simply called the pebbling number of a graph. We prove that if G is a graph of diameter d and are integers, then , where denotes the size of the smallest distance k dominating set, that is the smallest subset of vertices such that every vertex is at most distance k from the set, and, . This generalizes the work of Chan and Godbole (Discrete Math 208 (2008), 15–23) who proved this formula for . As a corollary, we prove that . Furthermore, we prove that if d is odd, then , which in the case of answers for odd d, up to a constant additive factor, a question of Bukh (J Graph Theory 52 (2006), 353–357) about the best possible bound on the pebbling number of a graph with respect to its diameter.
Cancer of mice and men: old twists and new tails
Authors: van der Weyden Louise , Adams David J 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this review we set out to celebrate the contribution that mouse models of human cancer have made to our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms driving tumourigenesis. We take the opportunity to look forward to how the mouse will be used to model cancer and the tools and technologies that will be applied, and indulge in looking back at the key advances the mouse has made possible. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isolation of Sarcolemmal Plasma Membranes by Mechanically Skinning Rat Skeletal Muscle Fibers for Phospholipid Analysis
Authors: Fajardo Val Andrew , McMeekin Lauren , Basic Admir , Lamb Graham D. , Murphy Robyn M. , LeBlanc Paul J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMembrane phospholipid (PL) composition has been shown to affect cellular function by altering membrane physical structure. The sarcolemma plasma membrane (SLpm) is integral to skeletal muscle function and health. Previous studies assessing SLpm PL composition have demonstrated contamination from transverse (t)‐tubule, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear membranes. This study assessed the possibility of isolating SL by mechanically skinning skeletal muscle fiber segments for the analysis of SLpm PL composition. Mechanically skinned SLpm from rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle fibers underwent Western blot analysis to assess contamination from t‐tubule, sarcoplasmic reticulum, nuclear and mitochondrial membranes. The results indicate that isolated SLpm had minimal nuclear and mitochondrial membrane contamination and was void of contamination from sarcoplasmic reticulum and t‐tubule membranes. After performing both high‐performance thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography, we found that the SLpm obtained by mechanical skinning had higher sphingomyelin and total fatty acid saturation and lower phosphatidylcholine when compared to previous literature. Thus, by avoiding the use of various chemical treatments and membrane fractionation, we present data that may truly represent the SLpm and future studies can use this technique to assess potential changes under various perturbations and disease conditions such as insulin resistance and muscular dystrophy.
Emotional psychopathology and increased adiposity: Follow‐up study in adolescents
Authors: Aparicio Estefania , Canals Josefa , Voltas Núria , Hernández‐Martínez Carmen , Arija Victoria 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTBased on data from a three‐year longitudinal study, we assess the effect, according to gender, of emotional psychopathology in preadolescence on anthropometric and body composition parameters in adolescence (N = 229). Psychopathology was assessed using the Screen for Childhood Anxiety and Related Emotional Disorders, the Children's Depression Inventory and the MINI‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Kids. Body fat percentage (%BF), waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were also determined. Following analysis with adjusted multiple regression models, the results indicated that symptoms of depression and separation anxiety were significantly associated with increased WC and BMI in boys, and that somatic symptoms were associated with increased WC and %BF in girls. Diagnosis of social phobia, panic disorder or dysthymia led to significantly increased WC and/or BMI in boys and dysthymia increased WC in girls. These findings suggest that emotional psychopathology in preadolescence is associated with increased weight gain and abdominal fat in adolescence.
Characterizing the Consequences of Chronic Climbing-Related Injury in Sport Climbers and Boulderers
Authors: Folkl Alex K. 
Published: February 2013

Objective To describe the association between chronic climbing-related injuries and functional and quality-of-life impairments in chronically injured sport climbers and boulderers. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional, anonymous survey was developed to assess the association between chronic climbing-related injuries and severity of injury-related pain, impact on activities of daily living, and impact on continued pursuit of rock climbing and other athletic endeavors. This survey was administered to a convenience sample of chronically injured sport climbers and boulderers recruited from several highly trafficked rock climbing websites. Results Four hundred thirty-nine respondents submitted surveys adequate for analysis. These respondents reported 863 chronic injuries. A majority of these were in the upper extremity. Approximately half of respondents reported injury-related pain or functional limitation more than 10 days a month, one quarter reported that their pain caused moderate to severe interference with activities of daily living, most altered their climbing habits as a result of their injuries, and one third indicated that their pain moderately or severely affected their ability to pursue other sports. Conclusions This study is the first to suggest that a subset of chronically injured climbers exists whose injuries may cause significant pain and activities-of-daily-living and sports-related functional limitation.
Sens et pratiques de la grand-maternité : une étude par théorisation ancrée auprès de femmes aînées québécoises
Authors: Charpentier Michèle , Quéniart Anne ,   avec la collaboration d’Isabelle Marchand
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article sets out to analyze how older women understand grandmotherhood. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 elderly women from Quebec with diverse lives (widowed, married, single, with or without children) drawn from three generations (65–74 years, 75–84 years, 85 years and over) according to principles of qualitative analysis using grounded theory. Based on a constructivist approach, results highlight the evolution of images of grandmotherhood offering the benefit of emotional, playful and comforting roles. This analysis also reveals multiple ways of being a grandmother and commitments that vary according to three principal factors: (1) the personality and life trajectory of the grandmothers; (2) the family situation and role of crisis in the family; and (3) the degree of intimacy with grandchildren. There follows a discussion on the place and role of the family in the lives of older women today.