bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorder complexity and chronicity in treatment‐seeking adults
Authors: Young Jesse Tyler , Carruthers Susan , Kaye Sharlene , Allsop Steve , Gilsenan Joanne , Degenhardt Louisa , van de Glind Geurt , van den Brink Wim , Preen David 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIntroduction and AimsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a known risk factor for substance use disorder (SUD); however, the potential additive contribution of comorbid ADHD to drug‐specific dependence in SUD populations is largely unknown. The current study aimed to assess this association between ADHD symptoms and drug‐specific SUD complexity and chronicity.Design and MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was administered to a convenience sample of 489 adults receiving SUD treatment at 16 Australian drug and alcohol treatment centres between September 2010 and August 2011. Participants were screened for adult ADHD symptoms using the Adult ADHD Self‐Report Scale. Associations between ADHD screening status and drug‐specific SUD complexity and chronicity were assessed using multivariate logistic and modified Poisson regression analysis, controlling for a range of potential confounders.ResultsOverall, 215 (44%) patients screened positive for concurrent adult ADHD and SUD. After Simes' correction, a significant positive association was observed between ADHD screening status and current amphetamine SUD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–2.36). Patients who screened positive for ADHD were significantly more likely to report SUD history for heavy alcohol use (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.21–3.45) and amphetamine (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.26–3.06) as well as significantly increased risk of moderate (3–4 years) duration for benzodiazepine and amphetamine SUDs and long (≥5 years) duration for alcohol, opiates other than heroin or methadone, and amphetamine SUDs.Discussion and ConclusionsThe findings provide evidence that there is increased drug dependence complexity and chronicity in treatment‐seeking SUD patients who screen positively for ADHD, specifically for amphetamine, alcohol, opiates other than heroin or methadone, and benzodiazepines. [Young JT, Carruthers S, Kaye S, Allsop S, Gilsenan J, Degenhardt L, van de Glind G, van den Brink W, Preen D. Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorder complexity and chronicity in treatment‐seeking adults. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015;34:683–93]
A qualitative inquiry of Malawian radio listeners’ attitudes and perceived outcomes of alcohol use using a mobile data collection platform
Authors: Rooney Madeline , Limaye Rupali J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIntroduction and AimsAlcohol use has been associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in sub‐Saharan Africa. Despite this association, there are little data on drinking behaviours in Malawi, a country located in southern Africa. Utilising alternative techniques of data collection, such as mobile technology, may be necessary to eliminate this dearth of information. We use listeners' text messages (SMS) in response to a Malawian radio show to assess listeners' attitudes and perceived outcomes of drinking.Design and MethodsMobile phones provide a novel, low‐cost platform from which to gather qualitative data directly from target audiences. To demonstrate the utility of a mobile data collection approach, we analysed listener feedback in the form of SMS in response to a Malawian radio show.ResultsAs emergent themes indicate that the perceived outcomes of consumption affect different levels within a social system, results are stratified within a socioecological framework to identify perceived individual, household and community level outcomes.Discussion and ConclusionsAs the perceived effects of consumption are numerous and impact a wide swath of communities, alcohol consumption must be addressed through multiple levels. The utilisation of anonymous text responses as a data collection methodology may provide an innovative way to understand contributing factors, such as alcohol consumption, to HIV risk exposure. [Rooney M, Limaye RJ. A qualitative inquiry of Malawian radio listeners' attitudes and perceived outcomes of alcohol use using a mobile data collection platform. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015;34:477–82]
Efficacy and safety of fasiglifam (TAK‐875), a G protein‐coupled receptor 40 agonist, in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by diet and exercise: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase III trial
Authors: Kaku K. , Enya K. , Nakaya R. , Ohira T. , Matsuno R. 
Published: March 2015

AimTo assess the efficacy and safety of fasiglifam 25 and 50 mg in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by diet and exercise.MethodsThis phase III, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicentre study included 192 patients randomized to once‐daily treatment with fasiglifam 25 mg (n = 63) or 50 mg (n = 62) or placebo (n = 67) for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at week 24.ResultsAt week 24, both fasiglifam groups had significantly reduced HbA1c levels compared with the placebo group (p < 0.0001). The least squares mean change from baseline in HbA1c was 0.16% with placebo, −0.57% with fasiglifam 25 mg and −0.83% with fasiglifam 50 mg. The percentage of patients who achieved an HbA1c target of <6.9% at week 24 was also significantly higher (p < 0.05) for fasiglifam 25 mg (30.2%) and 50 mg (54.8%) compared with placebo (13.8%). Fasiglifam significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose levels at all assessment points, starting from week 2. The incidence and types of treatment‐emergent adverse events in each fasiglifam group were similar to those in the placebo group, and hypoglycaemia was reported in 1 patient receiving fasiglifam 50 mg. There were no clinically meaningful changes in body weight in any treatment group.ConclusionsFasiglifam significantly improved glycaemic control and was well tolerated, with a low risk of hypoglycaemia in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by diet and exercise; however, in a recent review of data from overall fasiglifam global clinical trials, concerns about liver safety arose and the clinical development of fasiglifam was terminated after this trial was completed.
Orientation behavior of Propylaea japonica toward visual and olfactory cues from its prey–host plant combination
Authors: Wang Pingyan , Su Jianwei , Ouyang Fang , Ge Feng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe lady beetle Propylaea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is an important predator of aphids in agroecosystems. The inundative release of coccinellid beetles can be an effective biological control strategy. An understanding of how biological control agents perceive and use stimuli from host plants is the key to successfully implement commercially produced predators. Here, we studied the relative role of visual and volatile cues. Dual‐choice assays using foraging‐naïve and foraging‐experienced P. japonica adults were conducted using cotton plants [Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae)] with or without infestation by the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Overall, experienced beetles were more attracted than naïve beetles toward cues associated with aphid‐infested plants. Experienced beetles were also more responsive to olfactory cues compared with naïve beetles. Both foraging‐naïve and ‐experienced lady beetles integrate olfactory and visual cues from plants infested with aphids, with an apparently greater reliance on olfactory cues. The results suggest that foraging experience may increase prey location in P. japonica.
Diversification, Size and Risk: the Case of Bank Acquisitions of Nonbank Financial Firms
Authors: Casu Barbara , Dontis‐Charitos Panagiotis , Staikouras Sotiris , Williams Jonathan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe investigate the risk effects of bank acquisitions of insurance companies and securities firms between 1991 and 2012 using a newly constructed dataset of M&A deals. We examine risk changes before and after deal announcements by decomposing risk into systematic and idiosyncratic components. Subsequently, we investigate the relationship between risk and diversification by modelling the determinants of risks. We find that bank combinations with securities firms yield higher risks than combinations with insurance companies. Bank size is an important and consistent determinant of risk whereas diversification is not. Our results inform the continuing debate on diversification versus functional separation of bank activities.
Impact of recommendations on crushing medications in geriatrics: from prescription to administration
Authors: Bourdenet Gwladys , Giraud Sophie , Artur Marion , Dutertre Sophie , Dufour Marie , Lefèbvre‐Caussin Marie , Proux Alice , Philippe Sandrine , Capet Corinne , Fontaine‐Adam Magali , Kadri Karine , Landrin Isabelle , Gréboval Emmanuelle , Touflet Myriam , Nanfack Jules , Tharasse Christine , Varin Rémi , Rémy Elise , Daouphars Mikaël , Doucet Jean 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe practice of crushing drugs is very common in geriatric units. In 2009 a first study, performed in all geriatric units of a university hospital, showed that numerous errors were made during prescription, preparation and administration. The aim of this second prospective study was to assess the impact of regional and national recommendations in the same geriatric units. A survey of 719 patients (85.3 ± 6.7 years) was performed in 2013. For each patient who received crushed drugs, we recorded the reason the drugs were crushed, pharmacological classes, galenic presentations and the technique used for preparation and administration. Results were compared to the previous study. The number of patients receiving drugs after crushing was significantly lower than in the previous study (22.9% vs. 32.3%, P < 0.001). The number of crushed drugs was lower too (594 per 165 patients vs. 966 per 224 patients (P < 0.01). The main indication for crushing drugs remained swallowing disorders. The dosage form prevented crushing in 24.9% of drugs (vs. 42.0% in 2009, P < 0.001), but the drugs generally remained crushed all together. A mortar was used less often (38.6% vs. 92.6%, P < 0.001), with preference for individual‐specific cups (56.1%). Mortars were more often cleaned between each patient (56.0% vs. 11.6%). The vehicle was more often neutral (water 88.5% vs. 5.7%, P < 0.001). This second study shows that regional and national recommendations have led to an overall improvement of practices for crushing drugs. Technical improvements are still possible, in association with appropriate pharmacological studies.
The structure of PccH from Geobacter sulfurreducens – a novel low reduction potential monoheme cytochrome essential for accepting electrons from an electrode
Authors: Dantas Joana M. , Campelo Luísa M. , Duke Norma E. C. , Salgueiro Carlos A. , Pokkuluri P. Raj 
Published: March 2015

The structure of cytochrome c (GSU3274) designated as PccH from Geobacter sulfurreducens was determined at a resolution of 2.0 Å. PccH is a small (15 kDa) cytochrome containing one c‐type heme, found to be essential for the growth of G. sulfurreducens with respect to accepting electrons from graphite electrodes poised at −300 mV versus standard hydrogen electrode. with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor. The structure of PccH is unique among the monoheme cytochromes described to date. The structural fold of PccH can be described as forming two lobes with the heme sandwiched in a cleft between the two lobes. In addition, PccH has a low reduction potential of −24 mV at pH 7, which is unusual for monoheme cytochromes. Based on difference in structure, together with sequence phylogenetic analysis, we propose that PccH can be regarded as a first characterized example of a new subclass of class I monoheme cytochromes. The low reduction potential of PccH may enable the protein to be redox active at the typically negative potential ranges encountered by G. sulfurreducens. Because PccH is predicted to be located in the periplasm of this bacterium, it could not be involved in the first step of accepting electrons from the electrode but is very likely involved in the downstream electron transport events in the periplasm.
MicroRNA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma after the eradication of chronic hepatitis virus C infection using interferon therapy
Authors: Tamori Akihiro , Murakami Yoshiki , Kubo Shoji , Itami Saori , Uchida‐Kobayashi Sawako , Morikawa Hiroyasu , Enomoto Masaru , Takemura Shigekazu , Tanahashi Toshihito , Taguchi Y‐h. , Kawada Norifumi 
Published: March 2015

AimHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in up to 5% of patients after the successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using interferon therapy. The aim of this study was to characterize miRNA expression in liver tissues from patients who achieved a sustained viral response (SVR).MethodsSeventy‐one patients with resected HCC were enrolled into the present study: 61 HCC from patients with continuously infected HCV (HCV‐HCC) and 10 from patients who had achieved SVR (SVR‐HCC). We also included non‐tumor tissues (SVR‐NT) from four patients with SVR‐HCC, and liver tissue (SVR‐CH) from four SVR patients without HCC. Total RNA was extracted from liver samples. The miRNA expression patterns were analyzed using microarrays. In addition, target gene expression was quantified after miRNA overexpression in HEK293 cells.ResultsWe could discriminate between SVR‐HCC and HCV‐HCC with 75.36% accuracy using the expression pattern of six specific miRNA. The expression levels of 37 miRNA were significantly lower in HCV‐HCC than in SVR‐HCC, whereas the expression of 25 miRNA was significantly higher in HCV‐HCC than SVR‐HCC (P < 1.0E‐05). The expression of thrombospondin 1 was regulated in an opposing manner by miR‐30a‐3p in SVR‐HCC and HCV‐HCC. In non‐tumor tissues, the expression pattern of seven miRNA could distinguish between SVR‐CH and SVR‐NT with 87.50% accuracy.ConclusionComprehensive miRNA expression analyses could not only differentiate between SVR‐HCC and HCV‐HCC but also forecast hepatocarcinogenesis after achieving SVR.
Investigating the impact of guilt and shame proneness on consumer ethics: a cross national study
Authors: Arli Denni , Leo Cheryl , Tjiptono Fandy 
Published: March 2015

AbstractStudies show that emotions of guilt and shame significantly influence how people live their daily lives when it comes to making ethical decisions. Nonetheless, individuals’ proneness toward guilt and shame has received limited attention in consumer behaviour literature. The study focuses on the impact of anticipated emotions (i.e. guilt and shame) on various consumers’ ethical and unethical behaviours. Using a combination of a panel data sample and a university sample, the overall results between the two countries (i.e. Australia and Indonesia) reveal more similarities than differences. Consumers with high guilt‐proneness are less likely to agree on those unethical behaviours. This study has important theoretical implications for understanding the similarities and differences between both nations and the impact of guilt and shame proneness on consumer ethics.
Call Auction Transparency and Market Liquidity: Evidence from China
Authors: Gerace Dionigi , Liu Qigui , Tian Gary Gang , Zheng Willa 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper uses the natural experiment offered by the Shanghai Stock Exchange to investigate the impact of opening call auction transparency on market liquidity. We find that the dissemination of indicative trade information during the pre‐open call auction session leads to an overall improvement in stock liquidity in the continuous trading session. Bid‐ask spreads narrow in the first trading hour because adverse selection risk fell significantly and there is less price volatility in the continuous market. This effect is greater for actively traded securities than illiquid securities. Our findings are robust for different lengths of sample period, different lengths of trading hours after market open, and stocks that had (and had not) reformed the share split structure during our research period.
The locus of sexual selection: moving sexual selection studies into the post‐genomics era
Authors: Wilkinson G. S. , Breden F. , Mank J. E. , Ritchie M. G. , Higginson A. D. , Radwan J. , Jaquiery J. , Salzburger W. , Arriero E. , Barribeau S. M. , Phillips P. C. , Renn S. C. P. , Rowe L. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSexual selection drives fundamental evolutionary processes such as trait elaboration and speciation. Despite this importance, there are surprisingly few examples of genes unequivocally responsible for variation in sexually selected phenotypes. This lack of information inhibits our ability to predict phenotypic change due to universal behaviours, such as fighting over mates and mate choice. Here, we discuss reasons for this apparent gap and provide recommendations for how it can be overcome by adopting contemporary genomic methods, exploiting underutilized taxa that may be ideal for detecting the effects of sexual selection and adopting appropriate experimental paradigms. Identifying genes that determine variation in sexually selected traits has the potential to improve theoretical models and reveal whether the genetic changes underlying phenotypic novelty utilize common or unique molecular mechanisms. Such a genomic approach to sexual selection will help answer questions in the evolution of sexually selected phenotypes that were first asked by Darwin and can furthermore serve as a model for the application of genomics in all areas of evolutionary biology.
Trade‐offs in female signal apparency to males offer alternative anti‐harassment strategies for colour polymorphic females
Authors: Fincke O. M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractColour polymorphisms are known to influence receiver behaviour, but how they affect a receiver's ability to detect and recognize individuals in nature is usually unknown. I hypothesized that polymorphic female damselflies represent an evolutionary stable strategy, maintained by trade‐offs between the relative apparency of morphs to male receivers. Using field experiments on Enallagma hageni and focal studies of E. hageni and Enallagma boreale, I tested for the first time the predictions that (i) green heteromorphs and blue andromorphs gain differential protection from sexual harassment via background crypsis and sexual mimicry, respectively, and (ii) female morphs behaviourally optimize their signal apparency to mate‐searching males. First, based on male reactions elicited by females, against a high‐contrast background, the two morphs did not differ in being detected by males, and once detected, they did not differ in being recognized (eliciting sexual reactions). However, on green ferns, heteromorphs were less likely to be detected (elicited only fly‐bys) than andromorphs, but once detected, the morphs did not differ in being recognized. In contrast, when perched on a dowel with two male signal distractors, andromorphs were detected less often, and once detected, they were recognized less often than heteromorphs. Second, in fields where females foraged, andromorphs perched higher on vegetation than heteromorphs and were more often in the vicinity of males. Neither harassment rates nor evasive behaviours differed between morphs. Males aggregated in high density near shore where solitary females were rare. Equilibrium frequencies of these and other colour morphs should reflect the relative ease with which receivers detect and recognize them in the context where they are encountered.
Transcriptional changes during Daphnia pulex development indicate that the maturation decision resembles a rate more than a threshold
Authors: Harney E. , Plaistow S. J. , Paterson S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMaturation is a critical developmental process, and the age and size at which it occurs have important fitness consequences. Although maturation is remarkably variable, certain mechanisms, including a minimum size or state threshold, are proposed to underlie the process across a broad diversity of taxa. Recent evidence suggests that thresholds may themselves be developmentally plastic, and in the crustacean Daphnia pulex it is unclear whether maturation follows a threshold or is a gradual process more akin to a rate. Changes in gene expression across four instars before and during maturation were compared in a cDNA microarray experiment. Developmental stage was treated statistically both as a discontinuous and as a continuous variable, to determine whether genes showed gradual or discrete changes in expression. The continuous analysis identified a greater number of genes with significant differential expression (45) than the discontinuous analysis (11). The majority of genes, including those coding for histones, factors relating to transcription and cell cycle processes, and a putative developmental hormone showed continuous increases or decreases in expression from the first to the fourth instars that were studied, suggestive of a prolonged and gradual maturation process. Three genes coding for a fused vitellogenin/superoxide dismutase showed increases in expression following the second instar and coincided with the posited maturation threshold, but even their expression increased in a continuous fashion.
Relationship between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score and Alternative Healthy Eating Index score with plasma asymmetrical dimethylarginine levels in patients referring for coronary angiography
Authors: Mokhtari Z. , Hosseini S. , Miri R. , Baghestani A. R. , Zahedirad M. , Rismanchi M. , Nasrollahzadeh J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundAsymmetrical dimethyl arginine (ADMA) is a competitive inhibitor in the production of nitric oxide (NO) from arginine and NO plays an important role in the preservation of vascular dilation. Elevated ADMA is a strong predictive factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) patterns contain factors that may influence plasma ADMA levels. The present study examined the association between the DASH score and AHEI score with plasma ADMA concentration in people with suspected heart disease selected for coronary angiography.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted in 148 people aged 40–80 years who were referred for coronary angiography. The DASH diet score and AHEI score were calculated for each individual based on food groups. Plasma ADMA levels were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography.ResultsADMA concentrations were higher in the CAD group compared to the non‐CAD group [0.98 (0.37) μmol L−1 compared to 0.84 (0.42) μmol L−1; P = 0.02]. There was a significant negative association between the quartile DASH score and ADMA concentration (standardised β = −0.172, P = 0.038). The ADMA concentration was lower in patients who were at the highest quartile of DASH score compared to patients with the lowest quintile score. The ADMA concentration and quartiles of AHEI score were not significantly associated.ConclusionsHigher scores of the DASH diet are associated with lower plasma ADMA levels and with reduced coronary artery stenosis.