bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between foodborne and orofecal pathogens and allergic sensitisation — EuroPrevall study
Authors: Janse Jacqueline J. , Wong Gary W. K. , Potts James , Ogorodova Ludmila M. , Fedorova Olga S. , Mahesh P. A. , Sakellariou Alexandros , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Knulst André C. , Versteeg Serge A. , Kroes Aloys C. M. , Vossen Ann C. T. M. , Campos Ponce Maiza , Kummeling Ischa , Burney Peter , van Ree Ronald , Yazdanbakhsh Maria 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundAn inverse association between markers of exposure to foodborne and orofecal pathogens and allergic sensitization has been reported. However, the findings of epidemiological studies have not been consistent. This study investigated the relationship between antibodies to hepatitis A, Toxoplasma gondii and salmonella and allergic sensitization to food and aeroallergens in children from different geographical areas.MethodsSpecific IgE and/or skin prick testing against food and aeroallergens were measured in children from 6 to 12 years of age residing in Greece, the Netherlands, China, India and Russia. Seropositivity to the three pathogens was measured, and data on potential confounders were collected using questionnaire.ResultsData from 800 children (126 from Athens; 248 from Utrecht; 110 from Hong Kong; 119 from urban Tomsk; and 197 from rural Tomsk) could be analysed. The highest percentage of positive serology to salmonella was found in Hong Kong (46.4%), to T. gondii in urban Tomsk (13.4%) and to hepatitis A in Athens (71.2%). Although not significant, T. gondii seropositivity tends to be negatively associated, and hepatitis A seropositivity tends to be positively associated with allergic sensitization.ConclusionInconsistent associations were observed between allergic sensitization to food and aeroallergens and markers of exposure to two common foodborne pathogens. The association with T. gondii tends to be negative, consistent with the ‘hygiene hypothesis’, but the association with hepatitis A tends to be positive. Taken together, there is no clear evidence that past exposure to foodborne and orofecal pathogens protects against allergic sensitization to food or aeroallergens.
Etiology, clinical outcome, and laboratory features in children with neutropenia: Analysis of 104 cases
Authors: Angelino Giulia , Caruso Roberta , D'Argenio Patrizia , Calò Carducci Francesca Ippolita , Pascone Roberto , Lanciotti Marina , Cancrini Caterina , Palma Paolo , Aiuti Alessandro , Rossi Paolo , Finocchi Andrea 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundNeutropenia is not uncommon in childhood. The aim of our study was to analyze the underlying causes of neutropenia and to evaluate its clinical significance in a series of children referred to our center.MethodsOne hundred and four consecutive children with neutropenia were enrolled in this study. Clinical and laboratory features were analyzed.ResultsThe majority of patients (63.5%) showed chronic neutropenia. Among all chronic forms, the most frequent was chronic idiopathic neutropenia (CIN), followed by autoimmune neutropenia (AIN). Congenital neutropenia was identified in 6 patients. Acute neutropenia was mainly due to infections.Overall, at the time of first detection, neutropenia was more frequently severe or moderate. One‐third of our patients who presented with severe neutropenia were ultimately diagnosed with a post‐infectious acute form. Conversely, nearly half patients with CIN, AIN, or congenital neutropenia showed moderate/mild neutropenia at onset.Among patients with AIN and CIN, nearly half recovered between 7 months and 46 months and approximately one‐fourth experienced infectious episodes during follow‐up. No significant difference was noticed in terms of mean ANC between patients with and without remission, neither between patients with and without infections.ConclusionsOur study confirms the great etiological heterogeneity of neutropenia in children. We could not demonstrate a correlation between ANC level at onset and the underlying disorder, nor a correlation between mean ANC and duration of neutropenia or infectious episodes during follow‐up. Neutropenia remains a disease of concern to pediatricians, requiring several laboratory investigations, prolonged follow‐up, and, in few cases, advanced molecular methods.
Triplet–Triplet Energy Transfer from a UV‐A Absorber Butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane to UV‐B Absorbers
Authors: Kikuchi Azusa , Oguchi‐Fujiyama Nozomi , Miyazawa Kazuyuki , Yagi Mikio 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe phosphorescence decay of a UV‐A absorber, 4‐tert‐butyl‐4′‐methoxydibenzolymethane (BMDBM) has been observed following a 355 nm laser excitation in the absence and presence of UV‐B absorbers, 2‐ethylhexyl 4‐methoxycinnamate (octyl methoxycinnamate, OMC) and octocrylene (OCR) in ethanol at 77 K. The lifetime of the lowest excited triplet (T1) state of BMDBM is significantly reduced in the presence of OMC and OCR. The observed quenching of BMDBM triplet by OMC and OCR suggests that the intermolecular triplet–triplet energy transfer occurs from BMDBM to OMC and OCR. The T1 state of OCR is nonphosphorescent or very weakly phosphorescent. However, we have shown that the energy level of the T1 state of OCR is lower than that of the enol form of BMDBM. Our methodology of energy‐donor phosphorescence decay measurements can be applied to the study of the triplet–triplet energy transfer between UV absorbers even if the energy acceptor is nonphosphorescent. In addition, the delayed fluorescence of BMDBM due to triplet–triplet annihilation was observed in the BMDBM–OMC and BMDBM–OCR mixtures in ethanol at 77 K. Delayed fluorescence is one of the deactivation processes of the excited states of BMDBM under our experimental conditions.
Ultrasonographic Characterization of Follicle Deviation in Follicular Waves with Single Dominant and Codominant Follicles in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Manjunatha BM , Al‐Bulushi S , Pratap N 
Published: December 2013

ContentsFollicular wave emergence was synchronized by treating camels with GnRH when a dominant follicle (DF) was present in the ovaries. Animals were scanned twice a day from day 0 (day of GnRH treatment) to day 10, to characterize emergence and deviation of follicles during the development of the follicular wave. Follicle deviation in individual animals was determined by graphical method. Single DFs were found in 16, double DFs in 9 and triple DFs in two camels. The incidence of codominant (double and triple DFs) follicles was 41%. The interval from GnRH treatment to wave emergence, wave emergence to deviation, diameter and growth rate of F1 follicle before or after deviation did not differ between the animals with single and double DFs. The size difference between future DF(s) and the largest subordinate follicle (SF) was apparent from the day of wave emergence in single and double DFs. Overall, interval from GnRH treatment to wave emergence and wave emergence to the beginning of follicle deviation was 70.6 ± 1.4 and 58.6 ± 2.7 h, respectively. Mean size of the DF and largest SF at the beginning of deviation was 7.4 ± 0.2 and 6.3 ± 0.1 mm, respectively. In conclusion, the characteristics of follicle deviation are similar between the animals that developed single or double DFs.
A Study of Individual‐Level Social Capital and Health Outcomes: Testing for Variance between Rural and Urban Respondents
Authors: Beaudoin Christopher E. , Wendel Monica L. , Drake Kelly 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis study examines associations between social capital and health outcomes with data from the 2010BrazosValleyHealthSurvey (Texas) (N= 3,176). Multivariate adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated that poor and fair health status was inversely predicted by both high trust (adjustedOR= .67 [CI= .50–.92]) and high informal social ties (adjustedOR= .68 [CI= .49–.94]), as well as being predicted by the interaction of urban‐rural and community participation (adjustedOR= 1.20 [CI= 1.02–1.40]). Mental distress was inversely predicted by high trust (adjustedOR= .51 [CI= .29–.89]) and the interaction of urban/rural and informal social ties (adjustedOR= .77 [CI= .61–.97]). Thus, whereas social capital poses general benefits in regard to improving health status and mental distress, the former benefits are greater for rural respondents, while the latter benefits are greater for urban respondents.
Leporacarus gibbus infestation in client‐owned rabbits and their owner
Authors: d'Ovidio Dario , Santoro Domenico 
Published: December 2013

BackgroundLeporacarus gibbus is a fur mite infesting both laboratory and pet rabbits; infestation is usually subclinical, but in some instances it has been associated with a highly pruritic dermatitis. A zoonotic potential has also been suggested.AnimalsTwo pet rabbits, living in the same household, were presented with moderate scaling, erythema, pruritus and alopecia. In both rabbits, the lesions were mainly localized around the neck. A pruritic papular dermatitis was also present on the owner's arms and legs.Methods and resultsParasitological examination of the rabbits' skin and fur revealed many mites of the species L. gibbus. Skin cytology and fungal culture were both negative for bacteria and fungi. Both rabbits were treated with a single application of a spot‐on formulation of 1% moxidectin and 10% imidacloprid, as well as environmental disinfection with a miticide. After treatment, the rabbits improved markedly, and the lesions on the owner's arms and legs disappeared within a week.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis is the second description of L. gibbus dermatitis in people. In the present case report, the lesions on the rabbits and their owner were very similar, a pruritic dermatitis with small papules, more evident on the owner's extremities. Due to its zoonotic potential, although uncommon, L. gibbus infestation should be considered as a possible differential in pet rabbits, particularly when owners have a papular eruption.
Cross‐reactivity between decellularized porcine corneal lamellae for corneal xenobridging and subsequent corneal allotransplants
Authors: Choi Hyuk Jin , Lee Jong Joo , Kim Mee Kum , Lee Hyun Ju , Ko Ah Young , Kang Hee Jung , Park Chung‐Gyu , Wee Won Ryang 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate cross‐reactivity between hypertonic saline‐treated decellularized porcine corneal lamellae for corneal xenobridging and subsequent corneal allotransplants. Five Chinese rhesus macaques, which had undergone anterior partial thickness corneal transplantation using hypertonic saline‐treated decellularized porcine corneal lamellae in preceding experiments, were used as recipients for subsequent full‐thickness corneal allografts. To determine whether sensitization of recipients to xenoantigens leads to cross‐reactivity against alloantigens, we compared; (i) allogeneic one‐way mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from xeno‐sensitized recipients with that of PBMCs from naïve rhesus macaques, and (ii) amounts of IgG antibodies that bound to the PBMCs of a rhesus panel (five monkeys) before and after xeno‐sensitization. Graft survival and immunologic profiles including memory T‐cell subsets and donor rhesus‐specific antibodies were also evaluated. No hyperacute or acute rejection was observed within a month of subsequent allotransplantation in any recipient. Alloreactivity by MLR was not different between xeno‐sensitized rhesus recipients and naïve rhesus monkeys. Panel‐reactive IgG antibodies were unchanged after xeno‐sensitization, and no change in donor rhesus‐specific antibodies was observed in any recipient. No significant changes in memory T‐cell subsets were observed during the early post‐operative period in any recipient. Decellularized porcine corneal lamellae may not increase cross‐reactivity to alloantigens, and thus, porcine corneal lamellae may be used as a bridge to subsequent corneal allografting.
The Intestinal Microbiota Interferes with the microRNA Response upon Oral
Listeria
Infection
Authors: Archambaud Cristel , Sismeiro Odile , Toedling Joern , Soubigou Guillaume , Bécavin Christophe , Lechat Pierre , Lebreton Alice , Ciaudo Constance , Cossart Pascale 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

The intestinal tract is the largest reservoir of microbes in the human body. The intestinal microbiota is thought to be able to modulate alterations of the gut induced by enteropathogens, thereby maintaining homeostasis.
Listeria monocytogenes
is the agent of listeriosis, an infection transmitted to humans upon ingestion of contaminated food. Crossing of the intestinal barrier is a critical step of the infection before dissemination into deeper organs. Here, we investigated the role of the intestinal microbiota in the regulation of host protein-coding genes and microRNA (miRNA or miR) expression during
Listeria
infection. We first established the intestinal miRNA signatures corresponding to the 10 most highly expressed miRNAs in the murine ileum of conventional and germfree mice, noninfected and infected with
Listeria
. Next, we identified 6 miRNAs whose expression decreased upon
Listeria
infection in conventional mice. Strikingly, five of these miRNA expression variations (in miR-143, miR-148a, miR-200b, miR-200c, and miR-378) were dependent on the presence of the microbiota. In addition, as is already known, protein-coding genes were highly affected by infection in both conventional and germfree mice. By crossing bioinformatically the predicted targets of the miRNAs to our whole-genome transcriptomic data, we revealed an miRNA-mRNA network that suggested miRNA-mediated global regulation during intestinal infection. Other recent studies have revealed an miRNA response to either bacterial pathogens or commensal bacteria. In contrast, our work provides an unprecedented insight into the impact of the intestinal microbiota on host transcriptional reprogramming during infection by a human pathogen.

IMPORTANCE
While the crucial role of miRNAs in regulating the host response to bacterial infection is increasingly recognized, the involvement of the intestinal microbiota in the regulation of miRNA expression has not been explored in detail. Here, we investigated the impact of the intestinal microbiota on the regulation of protein-coding genes and miRNA expression in a host infected by
L. monocytogenes
, a food-borne pathogen. We show that the microbiota interferes with the microRNA response upon oral
Listeria
infection and identify several protein-coding target genes whose expression correlates inversely with that of the miRNA. Further investigations of the regulatory networks involving miR-143, miR-148a, miR-200b, miR-200c, and miR-378 will provide new insights into the impact of the intestinal microbiota on the host upon bacterial infection.
Parent-led or baby-led? Associations between complementary feeding practices and health-related behaviours in a survey of New Zealand families
Authors: Cameron Sonya L , Taylor Rachael W , Heath Anne-Louise M 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo determine feeding practices and selected health-related behaviours in New Zealand families following a ‘baby-led’ or more traditional ‘parent-led’ method for introducing complementary foods.Design, setting and participants199 mothers completed an online survey about introducing complementary foods to their infant. Participants were classified into one of four groups: ‘adherent baby-led weaning (BLW)’, the infant mostly or entirely fed themselves at 6–7 months; ‘self-identified BLW’, mothers reported following BLW at 6–7 months but were using spoon-feeding at least half the time; ‘parent-led feeding’, the mother reported not having tried BLW; and ‘unclassified method’, the mother reported they were not following BLW at 6–7 months but reported the infant mostly or entirely fed themselves at 6–7 months.Results8% were following ‘adherent BLW’, 21% ‘self-identified BLW’ and 0% were following the ‘unclassified method’. Compared with ‘self-identified BLW’ and ‘parent-led feeding’, a higher proportion of the ‘adherent BLW’ met the WHO recommendations to exclusively breastfeed for 6 months and to introduce complementary foods at 6 months. The ‘adherent BLW’ group was more likely to have family foods (p=0.018), and less likely (p=0.002) to have commercially prepared baby food. Both BLW groups were more likely to share meals with the family compared with ‘parent-led feeding’. In contrast to ‘self-identified BLW’ and ‘parent-led feeding’, the ‘adherent BLW’ group did not offer iron-fortified cereal as a first food.ConclusionsThis study suggests that although many parents consider they follow BLW, a very few are following it strictly. The extent to which BLW was followed was associated with potential benefits (eg, sharing family meals) and risks (eg, low iron first foods) highlighting the importance for health professionals and researchers of accurately determining the extent of adherence to BLW.
Governance of quality of care: a qualitative study of health service boards in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Bismark Marie M , Studdert David M 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesTo describe the engagement of health service boards with quality-of-care issues and to identify factors that influence boards’ activities in this area.MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with 35 board members and executives from 13 public health services in Victoria, Australia. Interviews focused on the role currently played by boards in overseeing quality of care. We also elicited interviewees’ perceptions of factors that have influenced their current approach to governance in this area. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes from interview transcripts.ResultsVirtually all interviewees believed boards had substantial opportunities to influence the quality of care delivered within the service, chiefly through setting priorities, monitoring progress, holding staff to account and shaping culture. Perceived barriers to leveraging this influence included insufficient resources, gaps in skills and experience among board members, inadequate information on performance and regulatory requirements that miss the mark. Interviewees converged on four enablers of more effective quality governance: stronger regional collaborations; more tailored board training on quality issues; smarter use of reporting and accreditation requirements; and better access to data that was reliable, longitudinal and allowed for benchmarking against peer organisations.ConclusionsAlthough health service boards are eager to establish quality of care as a governance priority, several obstacles are blocking progress. The result is a gap between the rhetoric of quality governance and the reality of month-to-month activities at the board level. The imperative for effective board-level engagement in this area cannot be met until these barriers are addressed.
Republished: Recent advances in autoimmune pancreatitis: type 1 and type 2
Authors: Kamisawa Terumi , Chari Suresh T , Lerch Markus M , Kim Myung-Hwan , Gress Thomas M , Shimosegawa Tooru 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a form of chronic pancreatitis characterised clinically by frequent presentation with obstructive jaundice, histologically by a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with fibrosis, and therapeutically by a dramatic response to steroids. When so defined, AIP can be sub-classified into two subtypes, 1 and 2. Recent international consensus diagnostic criteria for AIP have been developed for diagnosis of both forms of AIP. Type 1 AIP is the pancreatic manifestation of a multiorgan disease, recently named IgG4-related disease. Little is known about the pathogenesis of either form of AIP. Despite frequent association of type 1 AIP with elevated serum IgG4 levels and infiltration with IgG4-positive plasma cells, it is unlikely that IgG4 plays a pathogenic role in AIP. Type 1 AIP responds to steroids, but there needs to be consensus on treatment regimens for induction and therapeutic end points. Relapses are common, but can be reduced by long-term use of low-dose steroids. Recent reports suggest that immunomodulators (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and mycophenolate mofetil), as well biological agents (the antibody to CD20, rituximab) may have a role in maintaining remission in relapsing type 1 AIP. Future studies should clarify the best management options for treatment of relapses and maintenance of remission. Type 2 AIP is a pancreas-specific disorder not associated with IgG4. It presents in younger individuals equally with obstructive jaundice and pancreatitis. The inflammatory process responds to steroid therapy; relapses are uncommon. The clinical spectrum and long-term outcomes of medically treated type 2 AIP are still being evaluated.
β1 Integrin: Critical Path to Antiangiogenic Therapy Resistance and Beyond
Authors: Jahangiri Arman , Aghi Manish K. , Carbonell W. Shawn 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important tissue-level program supporting the growth of highly aggressive cancers and early-stage metastases. However, rapid emergence of resistance to antiangiogenic therapies, such as bevacizumab, greatly limits the clinical utility of these promising approaches. The mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic therapy remain incompletely understood. The tumor microenvironment has been demonstrated to be a source of broad therapeutic resistance in multiple cancers. Much of the interaction between the cells comprising a tumor and their microenvironment is driven by integrins. Notably, signaling downstream of integrins in tumor cells promotes fundamental programs vital to aggressive cancer biology, including proliferation, growth, invasion, and survival signaling. These functions then can contribute to malignant phenotypes, including metastasis, therapy resistance, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Accordingly, we found β1 integrin to be functionally upregulated in tumor specimens from patients after bevacizumab failure and in xenograft models of bevacizumab resistance. Inhibition of β1 in tumor cells with stable gene knockdown or treatment with OS2966, a neutralizing β1 integrin monoclonal antibody, attenuated aggressive tumor phenotypes in vitro and blocked growth of bevacizumab-resistant tumor xenografts in vivo. Thus, β1 integrins promote resistance to antiangiogenic therapy through potentiation of multiple malignant programs facilitated by interactions with the tumor microenvironment. The elucidation of this mechanism creates an outstanding opportunity for improving patient outcomes in cancer. Cancer Res; 74(1); 3–7. ©2013 AACR.