bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distress in unaffected individuals who decline, delay or remain ineligible for genetic testing for hereditary diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Heiniger Louise , Butow Phyllis N. , Price Melanie A. , Charles Margaret 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveReviews on the psychosocial aspects of genetic testing for hereditary diseases typically focus on outcomes for carriers and non‐carriers of genetic mutations. However, the majority of unaffected individuals from high‐risk families do not undergo predictive testing. The aim of this review was to examine studies on psychosocial distress in unaffected individuals who delay, decline or remain ineligible for predictive genetic testing.MethodSystematic searches of Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO, PubMed and handsearching of related articles published between 1990 and 2012 identified 23 articles reporting 17 different studies that were reviewed and subjected to quality assessment.ResultsFindings suggest that definitions of delaying and declining are not always straightforward, and few studies have investigated psychological distress among individuals who remain ineligible for testing. Findings related to distress in delayers and decliners have been mixed, but there is evidence to suggest that cancer‐related distress is lower in those who decline genetic counselling and testing, compared with testers, and that those who remain ineligible for testing experience more anxiety than tested individuals. Psychological, personality and family history vulnerability factors were identified for decliners and individuals who are ineligible for testing.ConclusionsThe small number of studies and methodological limitations preclude definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, subgroups of those who remain untested appear to be at increased risk for psychological morbidity. As the majority of unaffected individuals do not undergo genetic testing, further research is needed to better understand the psychological impact of being denied the option of testing, declining and delaying testing. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Screening for psychological distress in neurosurgical brain tumor patients using the Patient Health Questionnaire‐2
Authors: Bunevicius Adomas , Deltuva Vytenis , Tamasauskas Sarunas , Tamasauskas Arimantas , Bunevicius Robertas 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectivePsychological distress is highly prevalent but often undiagnosed in brain tumor patients. We evaluated the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐2 (PHQ‐2) for screening of distressed neurosurgical brain tumor patients.MethodsA total of 226 (69% women; mean age 55.6 ± 14.7 years) consecutive patients on admission for elective brain tumor surgery were evaluated for psychological distress using the PHQ‐2, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; n = 206), and the Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II; n = 196). At discharge, the patients were reevaluated using the PHQ‐2 and HADS.ResultsOn admission, 43% and 18% of patients had moderate‐severe psychological distress according to the HADS (HADS depression or anxiety score ≥11) and BDI‐II (score ≥20), respectively. At discharge, there was a significant decrease in psychological distress among patients according to the PHQ‐2 (p = 0.04) and HADS (p < 0.001) screening results. The PHQ‐2 had marginal internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient alpha = 0.68) and suboptimal test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.51). The PHQ‐2 had acceptable psychometric properties for identifying patients with moderate‐severe psychological distress according to the HADS (sensitivity = 74%, specificity = 68%, and positive predictive value (PPV) = 40%) and BDI‐II (sensitivity = 71%, specificity = 65%, and PPV = 30%). Psychometric properties of the PHQ‐2 were inferior for mild‐severe psychological distress. Greater number of PHQ‐2 depressive symptoms was associated with greater scores on the HADS and BDI‐II (all ps < 0.001).ConclusionsPsychological distress is prevalent in brain tumor patients and can be successfully identified using the PHQ‐2. The PHQ‐2 has moderate internal consistency. The PHQ‐2 should be considered for routine use in brain tumor patients for psychological distress screening purposes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Silicon micropillars: high stress plasticity
Authors: Rabier J. , Montagne A. , Wheeler J. M. , Demenet J. L. , Michler J. , Ghisleni R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractSilicon micropillars obtained by FIB from Floating Zone silicon single crystal have been deformed in situ in a SEM between room temperature and 400 °C. Pillars with <123> axis were studied in order to promote single slip deformation. Mechanical data as a function of pillar diameter and surface deformation microstructures observed by SEM are reported. Yield stresses as a function of temperature are compared with those resulting from high‐pressure tests (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Control of the dual mechanical port electrical machine and its applications in hybrid electrical vehicle
Authors: Chen Xiao , Pang Ting , Huang Shenghua , Wan Shanming 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis paper deals with the control strategy of the dual mechanical port electrical machine (DMPEM) which is suitable for hybrid electrical vehicles. In particular, it discusses the power management algorithm of the electrical variable transmission (EVT) system based on DMPEM. Also an equivalent circuit of DMPEM has been proposed for the first time, which gives clear physical meanings to all components in the circuit. The power flow of DMPEM under different operating conditions is analyzed from the equivalent circuit. The proposed control strategy is validated on a simulated EVT experiment platform. The result proves its validity. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wandering Spleen: A Medical Enigma, Its Natural History and Rationalization
Authors: Magowska Anita 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIntroductionWandering spleen is a rare condition in which the spleen is not located in the left upper quadrant but is found lower in the abdomen or in the pelvic region because of the laxity of the peritoneal attachments. Many patients with wandering spleen are asymptomatic, hence the condition can be discovered only by abdominal examination or at a hospital emergency department if a patient is admitted to hospital because of severe abdominal pain, vomiting or obstipation.MethodsThis article aims to provide a historical overview of wandering spleen diagnostics and surgical treatment supplemented with an analyses of articles on wandering spleen included in the PubMed database.ResultsOne of the first clinical descriptions of a wandering spleen was written by Józef Dietl in 1854. The next years of vital importance are 1877 when A. Martin conducted the first splenectomy and in 1895 when Ludwik Rydygier carried out the first splenopexy to immobilize a wandering spleen. Since that time various techniques of splenectomy and splenopexy have been developed.ConclusionsIntroducing medical technologies was a watershed in the development and treatment of wandering spleen, which is confirmed by the PubMed database. Despite the increased number of publications medical literature shows that a wandering spleen still remains a misdiagnosed condition, especially among children.
Hoping to Live a “Normal” Life Whilst Living with Unpredictable Health and Fear of Death: Impact of Cystic Fibrosis on Young Adults
Authors: Higham Lorraine , Ahmed Shenaz , Ahmed Mushtaq 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the hopes and fears of young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Fifteen young adults with CF, aged 18–29, were interviewed about their hopes and fears using a grounded theory approach. Five themes were identified during the analysis: perceptions of living with unpredictable health and fear of death and dying; hopes for normality; hopes for a normal relationship and/or marriage; hopes for having children; and hopes for a normal work life. Participants feared the unpredictable nature of CF and the suffering that they believed they would have to endure due to ill health before premature death. Despite their fears, participants hoped to live a “normal” life by achieving their hopes of having long‐lasting relationships, having children and pursuing a career. The findings highlight the need to help alleviate the fears of young adults with CF and to enable them to plan to achieve their hopes, hence giving them a sense of control over their condition.
Progression of the silicate cathode materials used in lithium ion batteries
Authors: Bao LiYing , Gao Wei , Su YueFeng , Wang Zhao , Li Ning , Chen Shi , Wu Feng 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Poly anionic silicate materials, which demonstrate a high theoretical capacity, high security, environmental friendliness and low-cost, are considered one of the most promising candidates for use as cathode materials in the next generation of lithium-ion batteries. This paper summarizes the structure and performance characteristics of these materials. The effects of different synthesis methods and calcination temperature on the properties of these materials are reviewed. Materials that demonstrate low conductivity, poor stability, cationic disorder or other drawbacks, and the use of various modification techniques, such as carbon-coating or compositing, elemental doping and combination with mesoporous materials, are evaluated as well. In addition, further research topics and the possibility of using these kinds of cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries are discussed.
Traveling wave solutions of advection–diffusion equations with nonlinear diffusion
Authors: Monsaingeon L. , Novikov A. , Roquejoffre J.-M. 
Published: December 2012

We study the existence of particular traveling wave solutions of a nonlinear parabolic degenerate diffusion equation with a shear flow. Under some assumptions we prove that such solutions exist at least for propagation speeds

c \in ]\left. c_{⁎}, + \infty [\right.

, where

c_{⁎} > 0

is explicitly computed but may not be optimal. We also prove that a free boundary hypersurface separates a region where

u = 0

and a region where

u > 0

, and that this free boundary can be globally parametrized as a Lipschitz continuous graph under some additional non-degeneracy hypothesis; we investigate solutions which are, in the region

u > 0

, planar and linear at infinity in the propagation direction, with slope equal to the propagation speed.

Résumé

Nous étudions lʼexistence dʼune classe particulière de solutions dʼondes pour une équation non linéaire parabolique dégénérée en présence dʼun écoulement cisaillé. Sous certaines hypothèses nous prouvons que ces solutions existent au moins pour des vitesses de propagation

c \in ]\left. c_{⁎}, + \infty [\right.

, où

c^{⁎} > 0

est une vitesse critique calculée explicitement en fonction de lʼécoulement mais peut-être pas optimale. Nous prouvons également quʼune hypersurface de frontière libre sépare une zone

u = 0

dʼune zone

u > 0

et que, sous une hypothèse supplémentaire de non-dégénérescence, cette frontière peut être globalement paramétrée comme un graphe lipschitzien. Nous nous intéressons à des solutions qui, à lʼinfini dans la direction de propagation, sont planes et linéaires avec pente égale à la vitesse.
Frailty syndrome and the risk of vascular dementia: The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Solfrizzi Vincenzo , Scafato Emanuele , Frisardi Vincenza , Seripa Davide , Logroscino Giancarlo , Maggi Stefania , Imbimbo Bruno P. , Galluzzo Lucia , Baldereschi Marzia , Gandin Claudia , Di Carlo Antonio , Inzitari Domenico , Crepaldi Gaetano , Pilotto Alberto , Panza Francesco ,   Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging Working Group
Published: December 2012

BackgroundFrailty is a clinical syndrome generally associated with a greater risk for adverse outcomes such as falls, disability, institutionalization, and death. Cognition and dementia have already been considered as components of frailty, but the role of frailty as a possible determinant of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) has been poorly investigated. We estimated the predictive role of frailty syndrome on incident dementia and its subtypes in a nondemented, Italian, older population.MethodsWe evaluated 2581 individuals recruited from the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging sample population consisting of 5632 subjects aged 65 to 84 years and with a 3.9‐year median follow‐up. A phenotype of frailty according to a modified measurement of Cardiovascular Health Study criteria was operationalized. Dementia, AD, and VaD were classified using current published criteria.ResultsOver a 3.5‐year follow‐up, 65 of 2581 (2.5%) older subjects, 16 among 252 frail individuals (6.3%), of which 9 were affected by VaD (3.6%), developed overall dementia. In a proportional hazards model, frailty syndrome was associated with a significantly increased risk of overall dementia (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.85; 95% confidence interval: 1.01–3.40) and, in particular, VaD (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.68; 95% confidence interval: 1.16–7.17). The risk of AD or other types of dementia did not significantly change in frail individuals in comparison with subjects without frailty syndrome.ConclusionIn our large population‐based sample, frailty syndrome was a short‐term predictor of overall dementia and VaD.
Longitudinal, region‐specific course of diffusion tensor imaging measures in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Nowrangi Milap A. , Lyketsos Constantine G. , Leoutsakos Jeannie‐Marie S. , Oishi Kenichi , Albert Marilyn , Mori Susumu , Mielke Michelle M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBackgroundDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a promising method for identifying significant cross‐sectional differences of white‐matter tracts in normal controls (NC) and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). There have not been many studies establishing its longitudinal utility.MethodsSeventy‐five participants (25 NC, 25 amnestic MCI, and 25 AD) had 3‐Tesla MRI scans and clinical evaluations at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were analyzed at each time‐point and longitudinally in eight a priori–selected areas taken from four regions of interest (ROIs).ResultsCross‐sectionally, MD values were higher, and FA values lower in the fornix and splenium of the AD group compared with either MCI or NC (P < .01). Within‐group change was more evident in MD than in FA over 12 months: MD increased in the inferior, anterior cingulum, and fornix in both the MCI and AD groups (P < .01).ConclusionsThere were stable, cross‐sectional, region‐specific differences between the NC and AD groups in both FA and MD at each time‐point over 12 months. Longitudinally, MD was a better indicator of change than FA. Significant increases of fornix MD in the MCI group suggest this is an early indicator of progression.
Behavioral operations: The state of the field
Authors: Croson R. , Schultz K. , Siemsen E. , Yeo M.L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe field of behavioral operations has matured into an established area within the discipline of operations management. The field fills an essential void by laying the micro‐foundations for the broader discipline of operations management. As such, the field examines a variety of topics and is methodologically diverse.
'Aper than Ape'
Authors: Evans Raymond 
Published: December 2012

My cousin Harvey was beginning to annoy the crap out of me. It was mid-1956 and I had just turned twelve. Harvey had been saying it all morning, over and over, like he was mesmerised: ‘Elvis the Pelvis, Elvis the Pelvis’, with a stupid grin on his face. It had been on the front page of the Courier-Mail that day – a story about a new American singer who wiggled his pelvis like a girl. There was even a little cartoon of someone contorting himself like Plastic Man. But the more Harvey said it, the more stupid it sounded. It was starting to coalesce into one ridiculous word: ‘Elvisdapelvis, Elvisdapelvis’. I shouted, ‘Will you cut it out? That is not his real name, you know. It's just what the papers say.’ Harvey picked up the paper again: ‘But it's funny. Look at him wriggling. Elvisdapelvis.’ We went down into the backyard to play badminton, but he wouldn't stop. ‘Elvis!’ he called out as he threw the shuttlecock up; and then, ‘da PELVIS!’ as he served it like a missile at me over the net. ‘If you don't shut up, I'm not playing,’ I said. ‘He's just another one they've all got it in for. You haven't even heard him yet.’
'Tinned Literature'?
Authors: Dale Leigh 
Published: December 2012

To date, histories of literary culture in Queensland have not paid particular attention to newspapers, despite the fact that metropolitan and regional publications carried considerable material that allows us insight into the ways in which books were circulated and evaluated. Reviews and essays sat alongside advertisements run by department stores, specialist retailers, large distributors and newsagents, in turn jostling for attention with interviews with authors, poems, reports of literary gatherings and substantial critical essays. This article offers a ‘case study’ of literary materials in The Brisbane Courier, part of a project on the representation of literature (broadly conceived) in Australian newspapers from 1930. The year 1930 was chosen because the interwar years are so frequently characterised, in discussion of the critical study of Australian literature in particular, as a time of neglect, and the Depression as a catalyst for the gradual narrowing of literary horizons. Our larger aim is to understand this historical period better, as well as to calibrate the discussion of Australian literature against the discussion of literature generally. By focusing on a single year for data collection, we have been able to assemble a rich and detailed picture of ‘talk about books’. This, in turn, has enabled us to analyse the significant differences between, for example, the ways in which books are discussed and represented as commercial and aesthetic objects in regional and metropolitan newspapers (see Dale and Thomson 2010).
South Brisbane's Cultural Hub
Authors: Metcalf Bill 
Published: December 2012

Entering Brisbane's South Bank from the Victoria Bridge, we walk past the concrete 1980s Queensland Performing Arts Complex, the brick Queensland Conservatorium and the modern, glass-fronted ABC Broadcasting buildings, then past assorted cafes and pseudo-beaches until reaching the Ship Inn. Here, we enter an enclave of mid- to late-nineteenth-century architectural gems, surrounding and focusing on the small but tranquil South Brisbane Memorial Park (1923). Opposite the Ship Inn (1865), Cumbooquepa (1891) and South Brisbane Town Hall (1891–92), and adjoining the Maritime Museum (1881), at the eastern edge of South Bank Parklands stands a magnificent old building now known as the Griffith Film School. This building has been the cultural hub of South Brisbane for 130 years, and provides a stylish, heritage ‘bookend’ to today's South Bank Cultural and Educational Precinct.
UNIVALENCE CRITERIA AND ANALOGUES OF THE JOHN CONSTANT
Authors: KIM YONG CHAN , SUGAWA TOSHIYUKI 
Published: December 2012

AbstractLet $p(z)= z{f}^{\prime } (z)/ f(z)$ for a function $f(z)$ analytic on the unit disc $\mid z\mid \lt 1$ in the complex plane and normalised by $f(0)= 0, {f}^{\prime } (0)= 1$. We provide lower and upper bounds for the best constants ${\delta }_{0} $ and ${\delta }_{1} $ such that the conditions ${e}^{- {\delta }_{0} / 2} \lt \mid p(z)\mid \lt {e}^{{\delta }_{0} / 2} $ and $\mid p(w)/ p(z)\mid \lt {e}^{{\delta }_{1} } $ for $\mid z\mid , \mid w\mid \lt 1$ respectively imply univalence of $f$ on the unit disc.
Ontogeny of dipeptide uptake and peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) expression along the gastrointestinal tract in the neonatal Yucatan miniature pig
Authors: Nosworthy Matthew G. , Bertolo Robert F. , Brunton Janet A. 
Published: December 2012

The H+-coupled transporter, peptide transporter 1 (PepT1), is responsible for the uptake of dietary di- and tripeptides in the intestine. Using an in vivo continuously perfused gut loop model in Yucatan miniature pigs, we measured dipeptide disappearance from four 10 cm segments placed at equidistant sites along the length of the small intestine. Pigs were studied at 1, 2, 3 (suckling) and 6 weeks (post-weaning) postnatal age. Transport capability across the PepT1 transporter was assessed by measuring the disappearance of 3H-glycylsarcosine; real-time RT-PCR was also used to quantify PepT1 mRNA. Each of the regions of intestine studied demonstrated the capacity for dipeptide transport. There were no differences among age groups in transport rates measured in the most proximal intestine segment. Transport of 3H-glycylsarcosine was significantly higher in the ileal section in the youngest age group (1 week) compared with the other the suckling groups; however, all suckling piglet groups demonstrated lower ileal transport compared with the post-weaned pigs. Colonic PepT1 mRNA was maximal in the earliest weeks of development and decreased to its lowest point by week 6. These results suggest that peptide transport in the small intestine may be of importance during the first week of suckling and again with diet transition following weaning.
CHANGES IN ANTIOXIDANT ISOZYMES AS A BIOMARKER FOR CHARACTERIZING HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) SPIKELETS
Authors: DAS SMRUTI , KRISHNAN P. , NAYAK MONALISA , RAMAKRISHNAN B. 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYHigh temperature stress at flowering can adversely affect rice yield, largely due to failure of fertilization. Oxidative damage can be a major reason inducing spikelet sterility in rice. In the present study, the effect of high temperatures on antioxidant metabolism in rice spikelets was characterised using nine different genotypes. Exposure to different temperatures at flowering stage revealed significant differences among various antioxidant enzymes in spikelets, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Spikelets of susceptible genotypes withstood temperature stress of up to 35 °C, those of moderately tolerant between 35 °C and 38 °C and those of tolerant genotypes up to 40 °C. Presence or absence, and changes in the isozyme intensities were consistent with alterations in their activities. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes II and III were present after exposure at 30 °C and 35 °C, while SOD I appeared above 40°C. Intensities of catalase isozymes I and III and the only isozyme of ascorbate peroxidase altered, while the only isozyme of guaical peroxidase and two (III and IV) of the four isozymes of catechol peroxidase disappeared after high temperature exposure of 45 °C. Thus, this work provides an evidence of the role of antioxidant metabolism in spikelets under high temperature stress conditions. Hence, changes in antioxidant isozymes in rice spikelets can be used as a biomarker for characterizing high temperature stress tolerance in rice spikelets.