bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying an equity lens to social prescribing
Authors: Khan Koser , Tierney Stephanie , Owen Gwilym 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Social prescribing is often described as an intervention that can help reduce health inequalities yet there is little evidence exploring this. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of accessing and analysing social prescribing (SP) service user data to demonstrate the impact of SP on health inequalities.

Methods
The sample size consisted of records for 276 individuals in Site 1 and 1644 in Site 2. Descriptive analyses were performed to assess the characteristics of people accessing SP, the consistency of data collected and the missingness across both sites.

Results
Both sites collected basic demographic data (age gender, ethnicity and deprivation). However, data collection was inconsistent; issues included poor recording of ethnicity in Site 2, and for both sites, referral source data and health and well-being outcome measures were missing. There was limited data on the wider determinants of health. These data gaps mean that impacts on health inequalities could not be fully explored.

Conclusions
It is essential that SP data collection includes information on user demographics and the wider determinants of health in line with PROGRESS Plus factors. Considering equity around who is accessing SP, how they access it and the outcomes is essential to evidencing how SP affects health inequalities and ensuring equitable service delivery.
XIThe Eighteenth Century
Authors: Turner Joseph , Saggini Francesca , Carver Dylan , Bender Ashley 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter has four sections: 1. General and Prose; 2. The Novel; 3. Poetry; 4. Drama. Section 1 is by Joseph Turner; section 2 is by Francesca Saggini; section 3 is by Dylan Carver; section 4 is by Ashley Bender.
XVIIIBibliography, Textual Criticism, Reference Works, and Miscellaneous
Authors: Baker William 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter, in common with Chapter XVII, has broadly six sections, although there is crossing over between them: 1. Periodicals; 2. Edited Collections; 3. Editions and Associated Books; 4. Bibliography; 5. Miscellaneous; 6. Late Arrivals, which includes some items not covered in earlier chapters . In order to avoid confusion, YWES readers are strongly advised to consult the excellent ‘YWES Index of Authors and Subjects’ found at the end of the present volume. Thanks are due to Professor James May for input on the 2022 volume of The Eighteenth-Century Intelligencer, and to Professor Patrick Scott for his input on the Burns Chronicle and Studies in Scottish Literature. The compiler is also grateful to those who facilitated ease of access to their journals such as Professor Shef Rogers and Script & Print, the Bulletin of the Bibliographical Society of Australia & New Zealand, Emma Brown and James Fleming in the instance of The Book Collector, and Dr Sarah Werner for access to PBSA—The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America. Last but by no means least Juan Christian Pellicer, of the University of Oslo, a former YWES contributor, for generously making available to me his fascinating study Preposterous Virgil: Reading through Stoppard, Auden, Wordsworth, Heaney. If anyone or organization has been omitted, my apologies.
Hypoxia exosome derived CEACAM5 promotes tumor‐associated macrophages M2 polarization to accelerate pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors metastasis via MMP9
Authors: Ye Mujie , Lu Feiyu , Gu Danyang , Xue Bingyan , Xu Lin , Hu Chuanhua , Chen Jinhao , Yu Ping , Zheng Hongxia , Gao Yue , Wang Jianhua , Tang Qiyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExosomes play significant roles in the communications between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment. However, the specific mechanisms by which exosomes modulate tumor development under hypoxia in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are not well understood. This study aims to investigate these mechanisms and made several important discoveries. We found that hypoxic exosomes derived from pNETs cells can activate tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) to the M2 phenotype, in turn, the M2‐polarized TAM, facilitate the migration and invasion of pNETs cells. Further investigation revealed that CEACAM5, a protein highly expressed in hypoxic pNETs cells, is enriched in hypoxic pNETs cell‐derived exosomes. Hypoxic exosomal CEACAM5 was observed to induce M2 polarization of TAM through activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Coculturing pNETs cells with TAM or treated with hypoxic exosomes enhanced the metastatic capacity of pNETs cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that pNETs cells generate CEACAM5‐rich exosomes in a hypoxic microenvironment, which in turn polarize TAM promote malignant invasion of pNETs cells. Targeting exosomal CEACAM5 could potentially serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for pNETs.
The Pharmacological Management of Ketamine Use Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Roberts Emmert , Sanderson Elizabeth , Guerrini Irene 
Published: June 2024

Objectives
There has been limited evidence synthesis examining treatment of ketamine use disorder. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions in the management of ketamine use disorder.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from database inception to November 14, 2023, for studies of any design that reported on any pharmacological intervention in the management of ketamine use disorder. We extracted any reported measure of efficacy or tolerability and assessed outcome quality using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) framework. We planned to combine outcomes using random-effects meta-analysis, where this was not possible results were reported narratively.

Results
Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria reporting on 368 participants. These comprised 1 controlled trial, 2 retrospective case series, and 9 case reports. Two studies reported on ketamine intoxication, 6 on withdrawal, and 4 on craving/relapse prevention. All studies reported only descriptive outcomes, and all evidence was of very low quality. Benzodiazepine regimens and haloperidol were reported to have potential utility in intoxication and withdrawal, whereas naltrexone, lamotrigine, and a combination of paliperidone palmitate and bupropion were reported to have potential utility in craving/relapse prevention.

Conclusions
There is a paucity of research into pharmacological management of ketamine use disorder. The limited very low-quality evidence suggests benzodiazepine regimens may be most salient for future exploration in management of ketamine intoxication and withdrawal, whereas case reports suggest naltrexone, lamotrigine, and paliperidone palmitate plus bupropion may potentially merit further investigation with regard to craving/relapse prevention.
The Potential Impact of Renin–Angiotensin System Inhibitors on Cancer Survival and Recurrence: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fatima Kaneez , Ellahi Aayat , Adil Mariam , Kashif Haider , Uzair Muhammad , Ashraf Naela , Barolia Mehak , Hyder Mujtaba , Nakhuda Areeba , Ayub Michelle , Butt Sofia Jamil , Rashid Ahmed Mustafa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASis), specifically angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), are widely used antihypertensives. Their impact on the prognostic outcomes among patients with cancer has been subject to scrutiny and debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of RASis on survival in patients with cancer.
We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for relevant studies published until April 1, 2022. All the studies, interventional or observational, which examined effects of ARBs and ACEis on cancer prognosis compared with a control group and reported the survival outcomes and hazard ratios were included in the analysis. From each study, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were identified and collected. Subgroup analysis was conducted to investigate heterogeneity.
61 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Data of 343,283 participants were used in the study. It was found that RASis improved overall survival (HR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82–0.93; P < 0.0001), progression-free survival (HR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.65–0.79; P < 0.00001), disease-specific survival (HR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.71–1.04; P = 0.03), and recurrence-free survival (HR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.58–0.93; P = 0.01) in patients with cancer. The effect of RASis on overall survival varied depending on the type of cancer or type of RASis (ACEis or ARBs), according to subgroup analysis.
The usage of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors has a positive impact on survival outcomes and recurrence among patients with cancer.
Negative predictive value of fecal immunochemical testing in significant bowel disease screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Junhai Zhen , Fei Liao , Jixiang Zhang , Huabing Xie , Cheng Tan , Weiguo Dong 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
General practitioners (GPs) must assess significant bowel disease (SBD) in patients with lower bowel symptoms during primary care. Studies have evaluated the efficacy of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for SBD screening. However, the effectiveness of FIT remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the value of FIT in SBD screening.

Methods:
PubMed, the Cochrane Database, and EMBASE were systematically searched. Studies that estimated FIT values in screening for SBD among patients with lower bowel symptoms were included. Sensitivity, specificity, negative likelihood ratio (NLR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Additionally, the pooled area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was analyzed.

Results:
A total of 8615 patients with lower bowel symptoms who underwent FIT and colonoscopy to screen for SBD were enrolled and assessed in this meta-analysis; of these, 1226 patients were ultimately diagnosed with SBD. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and NPV of FIT in SBD screening were 0.65 (95% CI: 0.50–0.78), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.72–0.92), 4.2 (95% CI: 2.60–6.90), 0.41 (95% CI: 0.29–0.58), 10 (95% CI: 6–17), and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87–0.94), respectively. Besides, the pooled SROC was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78–0.85).

Conclusions:
This study indicates that the FIT provides a favorable NPV for SBD screening and could be a valuable technique for GPs to rule out SBD in primary care. At the same time, GPs need to remain vigilant and refer patients to gastroenterologists when necessary.
Influence of body fat tissue on outcomes in patients undergoing hepatectomy or liver transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Lilong , Xia Zhijia , Li Zhongyi , Zhang Jing , Wang Kunpeng , Wang Weixing 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to investigate potential associations between body fat composition and postoperative outcomes in patients with hepatectomy or liver transplantation.

Methods:
Three online databases, including Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library, were thoroughly searched for literature describing the relationship between body fat composition and outcomes of patients with liver surgery from the start of each database to 29 October 2023. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to rate the quality of the studies.

Results:
This analysis included a total of 29 articles with a combined patient cohort of 6435 individuals. The results demonstrated that patients with high intramuscular fat content (IMFC) had significantly inferior overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR): 2.07, 95% CI: 1.69–2.53, P<0.001] and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.20–2.16, P=0.002) and a higher risk of major complications (HR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.59–3.05, P<0.001). We also found that the presence of high visceral-to-subcutaneous fat tissue ratio (VSR) in patients with liver surgery was significantly related to poorer OS (HR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.44–2.00, P<0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11–1.50, P=0.001) and a higher major complication rate (HR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.17–4.56, P=0.016). Besides, the synthesized findings indicated there is no significant correlation between visceral fat tissue and survival outcomes or postoperative complications.

Conclusion:
In summary, preoperative IMFC and VSR have the potential to forecast poorer OS and RFS and a higher risk of complications for patients undergoing hepatectomy or liver transplantation.
Recurrence of breast cancer after reconstruction with macro-textured silicone breast implants: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Spoor Jonathan , Dieleman Frederike , Bleiker Eveline M.A. , Koppert Linetta B. , Vrancken Peeters Marie-Jeanne T.F.D. , van Leeuwen Flora E. , Mureau Marc A.M. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Recently, old concerns linking silicone breast implants (SBIs) with breast cancer have resurfaced. These concerns apply specifically to the risk of breast cancer recurrence in patients who received breast reconstructions with macro-textured SBIs. In this study, the authors investigated the effect of breast reconstruction with macro-textured SBIs on long-term oncologic outcomes of breast cancer patients.

Materials and methods:
The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study in two large cancer centres in the Netherlands. Patients who had been treated for primary breast cancer between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2015 were included. Data on treatment and oncologic outcomes were obtained from prospectively maintained institutional and nationwide registries. Patient files were reviewed manually to complement missing information. Missing data were accounted for by multiple imputations by chained equations (MICE). Reconstruction with a macro-textured SBI was analysed as a time-dependent variable. The main outcomes of interest were locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models.

Results:
Of the 4695 women who were eligible for inclusion, 2393 had undergone mastectomy. Of these women, 1187 (25%) had received breast reconstruction with a macro-textured SBI. The mean follow-up time was 11.5 (SD, 5.0) years. Compared with women who had undergone a simple mastectomy or autologous breast reconstruction, women with an implant-based reconstruction did not differ significantly in LRRFS or DMFS after accounting for various confounding factors [HR 1.27 (95% CI 0.93–1.72) and HR 0.94 (95% CI 0.74–1.20), respectively]. Sensitivity analysis in complete cases of patients and various subgroup analyses yielded similar results.

Conclusion:
Reassuringly, in this multi-centre cohort study no difference was found in long-term oncologic outcomes between women who had received breast reconstruction with a macro-textured SBI and women who had undergone a simple mastectomy or autologous breast reconstruction.
Nonsurgical pancreatic cancer: the role of radiotherapy in prolonging survival – a retrospective cohort study in the SEER database
Authors: Di Yupeng , Song Jiazhao , Sun Zhijia , Wang Yingjie , Meng Lingling 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Limited research has compared external beam radiotherapy (RT) to non-RT in patients with nonsurgical locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Therefore, this study investigates the impact of RT on overall survival (OS) in patients with nonsurgical LAPC in a real-world context.

Methods:
The authors conducted an analysis of patients with nonsurgical LAPC using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. This analysis involved the utilization of Kaplan–Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox regression analyses.

Results:
A total of 5413 individuals with nonsurgical LAPC were included in this analysis. Among them, 2320 (42.9%) received RT, while 3093 (57.1%) underwent non-RT treatment. The median OS was 12.0 months for the RT group and 9.0 months for the non-RT group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that RT had a statistically significant impact on OS (HR, 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81–0.91; P<0.001). Propensity score matching analysis confirmed a statistically significant association of RT with improved OS (HR, 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79–0.90; P<0.001). These results remained consistent after conducting sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and propensity score matching.

Conclusion:
The study findings suggest that RT could be advantageous for patients with nonsurgical LAPC. Further investigations are warranted to explore the relationship between RT and OS.
Pilot educational intervention for the care of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder during puberty
Authors: McMahon Marcie , Cooney-Miner Dianne , Bourne Melissa , Brown Holly 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Puberty is a particularly vulnerable time for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during which baseline challenges are exacerbated, functioning often deteriorates, and additional barriers emerge. Specific concerns include increased vulnerability, decreased safety, and increased mood and behavioral disturbances. Youth with ASD need guidance and explicit instruction/skill development on topics such as hygiene/self-care, appropriate sexual activity, and menstruation management. Lack of provider preparation, knowledge, and confidence, along with stigma about the needs and capabilities of individuals with ASD, are major barriers to care. Initiatives to expand the preparation of health care personnel, including nurse practitioners, to provide quality care to individuals with ASD are essential. This article describes the results of a pilot project using a brief, self-guided educational intervention for developing and practicing family nurse practitioners. Before and after viewing the educational module, participants completed author-created surveys assessing their self-perceived knowledge, attitudes, and intent to change practice. Expert analysis of survey items provided face validity. Comparison of mean presurvey and postsurvey responses showed significant increases in self-perceived knowledge, attitudes, and intent to implement practice changes. Lack of confidence was endorsed as the most common remaining barrier to change. Findings indicate that the brief module improved participants' self-reported knowledge, attitudes, and intent to implement practice recommendations. Such interventions can be easily incorporated into nursing education and professional development and are appropriate for dissemination to nurse practitioners working within and outside primary care settings, as well as to related service providers.
The GalaFLEX “Empanada” for Direct-to-Implant Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Karp Nolan , Sorenson Thomas J. , Boyd Carter J. , Hemal Kshipra , Lin Alexandra , Robinson Isabel S. , Choi Mihye 
Published: June 2024

Summary:
Prepectoral breast reconstruction poses unique challenges, including a lower tolerance for mastectomy flap skin necrosis and seroma formation. With appropriate patient selection, prepectoral breast reconstruction is a valuable reconstructive option with numerous benefits. Although mastectomy skin necrosis is largely out of the control of the reconstructive surgeon, mitigation of seroma formation is critical. Strategies to reduce its incidence have been thoroughly discussed. Whereas there are many contributing factors, one tenet of prepectoral breast reconstruction is adequate pocket control. Reducing dead space and microshifting of the implant in the breast pocket is an important factor for averting seroma formation and implant displacement. Textured devices allowed the breast implant to sit more securely in the soft-tissue pocket. Given widespread concern for their involvement with breast implant–associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, macrotextured devices are no longer used in the United States. The authors describe their method of using poly-4-hydroxybutyrate synthetic absorbable mesh to effectively create a textured breast implant for use in prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction.
Risk factors for progression from prediabetes to diabetes among older people with HIV
Authors: Masters Mary Clare , Tassiopoulos Katherine , Bao Yajing , Wu Kunling , Koletar Susan L. , Rubin Leah H. , Yang Jingyan , Overton Edgar T. , Letendre Scott , Brown Todd T. , Erlandson Kristine M. , Palella Frank J. ,   for the ACTG A5322 Study Team
Published: June 2024

Objective:
Risk factors for progression from prediabetes mellitus (pre-DM) to diabetes mellitus (DM) among people with HIV (PWH) receiving modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) require better characterization.

Design:
AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5322 (HAILO) was an observational cohort study of PWH ≥40 years old. Participants initiated ART through ACTG randomized clinical trials.

Methods:
We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to identify risk factors for development of DM among HAILO participants with pre-DM.

Results:
Among 1035 HAILO participants, 74 (7%) had pre-DM at entry and another 679 (66%) developed pre-DM during follow-up. Of 753 PWH with pre-DM, 167 (22%) developed DM. In multivariable models, the risk of developing DM was greater with higher BMI, lower CD4 count (≤200 cells/mm3), hypertriglyceridemia, or higher waist circumference at pre-DM diagnosis (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
Rates of pre-DM and progression to DM remain high among virally suppressed PWH receiving modern ART regimens. Traditional risks for DM, such as higher BMI or waist circumference, are associated with increased risk of incident DM among PWH with pre-DM. The association between lower CD4+ and progression to DM suggests a role for advanced immunodeficiency and inflammation. Further investigation of interventions aimed at preventing DM among PWH with pre-DM is needed. Optimizing prevention and treatment for DM may be an intervenable opportunity to improve long-term outcomes for PWH.
EXPLORING THE PROGNOSTIC NECROPTOSIS-RELATED GENES AND UNDERLYING MECHANISM IN SEPSIS USING BIOINFORMATICS
Authors: Liu Jie , Li Lin , He Shuyang , Zheng Xin , Zhu Dan , Kong Guangyao , Li Ping 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease due to a dysregulated host response to infection, with an unknown regulatory mechanism for prognostic necroptosis-related genes (NRGs). Using GEO datasets GSE65682 and GSE134347, we identified six NRG biomarkers (ATRX, TSC1, CD40, BACH2, BCL2, and LEF1) with survival and diagnostic significance through Kaplan-Meier (KM) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. Afterward, the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) highlighted enrichment in hepatic fibrosis pathways and BEX2 protein. Moreover, we examined their regulatory targets and functional links with necroptotic signaling molecules via miRDB, TargetScan, Network analyst, and GeneMANIA. The molecular regulatory network displayed that hsa-miR-5195-3p and hsa-miR-145-5p regulated ATRX, BACH2, and CD40, while YY1 showed strong connectivity, concurrently controlling LEF1, ATRX, BCL2, BACH2, and CD40. CD40 exhibited similar expression patterns to RIPK3 and MLKL, and LEF1 was functionally associated with MLKL. Additionally, DrugBank analysis identified paclitaxel, docetaxel, and rasagiline as potential BCL2-targeting sepsis treatments. Finally, real-time quantitative PCR confirmed ATRX, TSC1, and LEF1 downregulation in sepsis samples, contrasting CD40’s increased expression in CTL samples. In conclusion, ATRX, TSC1, CD40, BACH2, BCL2, and LEF1 may be critical regulatory targets of necroptosis in sepsis, providing a basis for further necroptosis-related studies in sepsis.