bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transverse momentum-dependent heavy-quark fragmentation at next-to-leading order
Authors: von Kuk Rebecca , Michel Johannes K. L. , Sun Zhiquan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The transverse momentum-dependent fragmentation functions (TMD FFs) of heavy (bottom and charm) quarks, which we recently introduced, are universal building blocks that enter predictions for a large number of observables involving final-state heavy quarks or hadrons. They enable the extension of fixed-order subtraction schemes to quasi-collinear limits, and are of particular interest in their own right as probes of the nonperturbative dynamics of hadronization. In this paper we calculate all TMD FFs involving heavy quarks and the associated TMD matrix element in heavy-quark effective theory (HQET) to next-to-leading order in the strong interaction. Our results confirm the renormalization properties, large-mass, and small-mass consistency relations predicted in our earlier work. We also derive and confirm a prediction for the large-z behavior of the heavy-quark TMD FF by extending, for the first time, the formalism of joint resummation to capture quark mass effects in heavy-quark fragmentation. Our final results in position space agree with those of a recent calculation by another group that used a highly orthogonal organization of singularities in the intermediate momentum-space steps, providing a strong independent cross check. As an immediate application, we present the complete quark mass dependence of the energy-energy correlator (EEC) in the back-to-back limit at $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_s\right) $$
O

α
s

.
Age-related dysregulation of CXCL9/10 in monocytes is linked to impaired innate immune responses in a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis
Authors: Lin Yihuang , Yang Mankai , Cheng Chubin , Wu Jichang , Yu Bin , Zhang Xianrong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Age-associated impairments in innate immunity are believed to be a causative factor responsible for severe pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection in the bone tissue. However, the basis for age-associated decline in innate immune response upon S. aureus infection remains poorly understood.

Results
Our transcriptional data (GEO: GSE166522) from a mouse model of S. aureus osteomyelitis show up-regulated CXCL9 and CXCL10 (CXCL9/10), which is further confirmed in vitro and in vivo by the present study. Notably, monocytes are a main source for CXCL9/10 production in bone marrow upon S. aureus challenge, but this response declines in middle-aged mice. Interestingly, conditional medium of bone marrow monocytes from middle-aged mice has a strikingly decreased effect on bactericidal functions of neutrophils and macrophages compares with that from young mice. We further show that activation of CXCL9/10-CXCR3 axis between monocytes and macrophages/neutrophils promotes the bactericidal function of the cells, whereas blocking the axis impairs such function. Importantly, treatment with either exogenous CXCL9 or CXCL10 in a middle-aged mice model enhances, while pharmacological inhibition of CXCR3 in young mice model impairs, bacterial clearance and bone marrow structure.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate that bone marrow monocytes act as a critical promotor of innate immune response via the CXLCL9/10-CXCR3 axis upon S. aureus infection, and that the increased susceptibility to S. aureus infection in skeleton in an aged host may be largely attributable to the declined induction of CXCR9/10 in monocytes.
GPR116 alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Xiang Qian , Li Na , Zhang Yan , Wang Ting , Wang Ying , Bian Jinjun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a significant contributor to drug-induced liver injury worldwide. G-protein–coupled receptor 116 (GPR116) is an important homeostatic maintenance molecule in the body, but little is known about its role in APAP-induced liver injury (AILI).

Methods
GPR116 expression was determined in both human and mouse AILI models. Hepatic function and damage response were analyzed in hepatocyte-specific GPR116 deletion (GPR116△HC) mice undergoing APAP challenge. RNA-sequencing, immunofluorescence confocal, and co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) were employed to elucidate the impact and underlying mechanisms of GPR116 in AILI.

Results
Intrahepatic GPR116 was upregulated in human and mice with AILI. GPR116△HC mice were vulnerable to AILI compared to wild-type mice. Overexpression of GPR116 effectively mitigated AILI in wild-type mice and counteracted the heightened susceptibility of GPR116△HC mice to APAP. Mechanistically, GPR116 inhibits the binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), a critical regulator of ER function, through its interaction with β-arrestin1, thereby mitigating ER stress during the early stage of AILI. Additionally, the activation of GPR116 by ligand FNDC4 has been shown to confer a protective effect against early hepatotoxicity caused by APAP in murine model.

Conclusions
Upregulation of GPR116 on hepatocytes inhibits ER stress by binding to β-arrestin1, protecting mice from APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. GPR116 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for AILI.
On a Characterization of the Logarithmic Mean
Authors: Nadhomi Timothy , Sablik Maciej , Sikorska Justyna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the present note we are interested in proving the counterpart of the (right-hand side of the) celebrated Hermite–Hadamard inequality for $$\varphi $$
φ
-convex functions. In particular, we prove that the only $$\varphi $$
φ
-convex function for which the Hermite–Hadamard inequality holds with the Lagrangian mean on the right-hand side is (up to an affine transformation) the $$\log $$
log
-convex function.
A spectral collocation scheme for the flow of a piezo-viscous fluid in ducts with slip conditions
Authors: Fusi Lorenzo , Giovinetto Antonio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper we present a numerical scheme based on spectral collocation methods to investigate the flow of a piezo-viscous fluid, i.e., a fluid in which the rheological parameters depend on the pressure. In particular, we consider an incompressible Navier–Stokes fluid with pressure dependent viscosity flowing in: (i) a two-dimensional non-symmetric planar channel; (ii) a three-dimensional axisymmetric non-straight conduit. For both cases we impose the Navier slip boundary conditions that can be reduced to the classical no-slip condition for a proper choice of the slip parameter. We assume that the dependence of the viscosity on the pressure is of exponential type (Barus law), even though the model can be replaced by any other viscosity function. We write the mathematical problem (stress based formulation) and discretize the governing equations through a spectral collocation scheme. The advantage of this numerical procedure, which to the authors’ knowledge has never been used before for this class of fluids, lies in in the ease of implementation and in the accuracy of the solution. To validate our model we compare the numerical solution with the one that can be obtained in the case of small aspect ratio, i.e., the leading order lubrication solution. We perform some numerical simulation to investigate the effects of the pressure-dependent viscosity on the flow. We consider different wall functions to gain insight also on the role played by the channel/duct geometry. In both cases (i), (ii) we find that the increase of the coefficient appearing in the viscosity function results in a global reduction of the flow, as physically expected.
Is Vaginal Laxity Associated with Vaginal Parity and Mode of Delivery?
Authors: Mustafa-Mikhail Susana , Gillor Moshe , Francis Yara Nakhleh , Dietz Hans Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction and Hypothesis
Vaginal laxity (VL) is a common symptom of pelvic floor dysfunction. Although VL has become a frequent topic for research in the last decade, its pathogenesis is still not well understood. The objective was to determine whether vaginal parity or mode of delivery is associated with vaginal laxity.

Methods
This was a retrospective observational study involving women seen in a tertiary urogynecology clinic between May 2016 and November 2018 with symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. Patients underwent a standardized interview, clinical examination (POP-Q), and four-dimensional (4D) pelvic floor ultrasound (PFUS). Data regarding vaginal parity and the mode of delivery were based on patient-reported information. Archived 4D-PFUS volumes were analyzed offline to evaluate levator hiatal area on Valsalva.

Results
Data from 1,051 patients were analyzed. VL was reported by 236 women (23%) who were younger on average (mean age 54 vs 59 years, p < 0.001) and less likely to be menopausal (530 out of 815 [65.0%] vs.129 out of 236 [54.7%]), p = 0.004]. Symptoms of prolapse were much more common in the VL group (214 out of 236 [91%] vs 316 out of 815 [39%], p =  < 0.001) and on imaging mean levator hiatal area (HA) on Valsalva was larger (31 vs 26 cm2, p = 0.01). Vaginal parity was associated with VL symptoms (235 out of 236 [99%] vs 767 out of 815 [94%], p = 0.008), but neither VL prevalence nor bother increased with higher parity. Women who delivered vaginally were three times more likely to complain of VL than those who delivered only by cesarean section.

Conclusions
Vaginal laxity was found to be more prevalent in vaginally parous women. This effect seems to be largely attributable to the first delivery. Instrumental delivery was not shown to increase association with VL compared with normal vaginal delivery.
Association Between Physical Activity and Pelvic Floor Disorders in Parous Ugandan Women
Authors: Fleecs Julia Diane , Ngobi Michael Derrick , Kiweewa Flavia Matovu , Vemulapalli Ramya , Jensen JaNiese Elizabeth , Steffen Haley Alaine , Wendt Linder Hagstrom , Jackson Jay Brooks , Kenne Kimberly Ann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
The aim was to assess the association between the degree of physical activity (PA) and the presence of pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) in a cohort of parous Ugandan women.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, PFDs were measured using symptom assessment, standardized questionnaires (Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire), and a standardized physical examination (POP-Q and cough stress test [CST]). Degree of PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Interquartile ranges were used to describe the age, parity, and body mass index (BMI) of participants. To examine the association between PA and PFDs, a log transformation was applied to the weekly minutes of PA variable and a logistic regression model was constructed with weekly minutes of moderate/vigorous PA, age, BMI, and parity as the predictors.

Results
A total of 159 women were enrolled. Median age was 35 (IQR 32–37), median parity 4 (IQR 3–5), and median BMI 29.0 (IQR 24–33). The prevalence of PFD as determined by symptom assessment was 28% (n=44). The most frequent stage of prolapse identified by POP-Q was stage II (57%, n=91). Thirty-six percent of the women (n=58) reported vigorous PA. Ninety-nine percent of the cohort (n=158) reported moderate PA. When controlling for age, parity, and BMI there was a significant positive association between PFD (defined as a combination of stage II prolapse, positive CST, and urinary incontinence (UI)) and moderate PA (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.08–5.14, p value 0.045).

Conclusions
Pelvic floor disorders are common among parous Ugandan women and are associated with moderate PA when controlling for age, BMI, and parity. Understanding the risk factors associated with PFD in this population may better equip providers to screen and care for individuals.
Comparable foraging effort and habitat use between two geographically proximate tropical seabird colonies
Authors: Trevail Alice M. , Vallocchia Sonia , Nicoll Malcolm A. C. , Carr Peter , Votier Stephen C. , Wood Hannah , Freeman Robin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEffective seabird conservation requires understanding their marine spatial ecology. Tracking can reveal details of their foraging ecology and habitat use, as well as the suitability of marine protected areas for at-sea conservation, but results are often regionally specific. Here we characterised the foraging behaviour of tropical breeding brown boobies Sula leucogaster in the Chagos Archipelago, Western Indian Ocean, and tested habitat requirements. GPS tracking of thirteen individuals from two colonies, located 142 km apart on the same atoll (Great Chagos Bank), showed similar foraging effort and habitat preferences despite differences in season and breeding stage. Brown boobies from both tracked populations foraged close to the colony along the atoll shelf edge, avoiding deep oceanic areas and shallow waters of the Great Chagos Bank atoll, but within the Chagos Archipelago Marine Protected Area. Sea-level height anomaly and sea surface temperature were important foraging predictors at both sites, although birds experienced distinct environmental conditions between colonies. These results suggest that while brown boobies have colony-specific at-sea foraging areas, similarities in habitat drivers of distribution and foraging behaviour can inform predictions of distributions at other colonies within the archipelago, with important benefits for at-sea conservation efforts.
Interatrial Communications: Prevalence and Subtypes in 12,385 Newborns–a Copenhagen Baby Heart Study
Authors: Blixenkrone-Møller Elisabeth , Dannesbo Sofie , Dehn Anna Maria , Pihl Christian A. , Sillesen Anne-Sophie , Vøgg R. Ottilia B. , Raja Anna Axelsson , Colan Steven , Mertens Luc , Vejlstrup Niels , Bundgaard Henning , Iversen Kasper 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of interatrial communications in newborns, i.e., patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect, was previously reported to be between 24 and 92%, but the area has been impeded by lack of a universal classification method. A recently published novel echocardiographic diagnostic algorithm for systematic classification of interatrial communications had inter-and intraobserver agreements superior to standard expert assessment. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of subtypes of interatrial communications on transthoracic echocardiography in newborns. Echocardiograms of newborns aged 0–30 days were prospectively collected in the population-based cohort study Copenhagen Baby Heart Study in 2017–2018 and analyzed according to the new diagnostic algorithm, classifying interatrial communications into three subtypes of patent foramen ovale and three subtypes of atrial septal defects. Echocardiograms from 15,801 newborns were analyzed; 3416 (21.6%) were excluded due to suboptimal image quality or severe structural heart disease (n = 3), leaving 12,385 newborns (aged 12 [interquartile range 8; 15] days, 48.2% female) included in the study. An interatrial communication was detected in 9766 (78.9%) newborns. According to the algorithm, 9029 (72.9%) had a patent foramen ovale, while 737 (6.0%) fulfilled criteria for an atrial septal defect, further divided into subtypes. An interatrial communication was seen on echocardiography in almost 80% of newborns aged 0–30 days. Patent foramen ovale was 12 times more frequent than atrial septal defects. The observed prevalence of atrial septal defects was higher than previously reported. Follow up studies could distinguish which interatrial communications require follow-up or intervention. ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT02753348, posted April 27, 2016, [https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02753348].
Immune challenge reduces begging effort and modifies begging call structure in spotless starling nestlings
Authors: Parejo-Pulido Daniel , Redondo Tomás , Pérez-Rodríguez Lorenzo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSymptoms of illness offer insights into an organism’s condition, altering social signals that affect others’ behavior. Nestling birds employ begging signals to solicit parental care, but the extent to which begging reflects nestling health beyond hunger remains controversial. We investigated how experimentally induced changes in health affect begging signals in spotless starling (Sturnus unicolor) nestlings. To alter health status, we challenged nestlings by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -an antigen that elicits an immune response- or a control substance (PBS) and observed begging behavior under controlled food deprivation conditions. LPS-treated nestlings exhibited delayed gaping, reduced stretching, and less begging time compared to control nestlings. Moreover, LPS-treated nestlings produced calls with higher spectral entropy, particularly when deprived of food for longer. Our findings indicate that begging signals are sensitive to induced sickness. However, addressing mechanistic issues is crucial for effectively testing whether begging reflects nestling condition as a signal of quality in future experimental setups.
Ferroptosis – a potential feature underlying neratinib-induced colonic epithelial injury
Authors: Nguyen Triet P. M. , Woods Susan L. , Secombe Kate R. , Tang Simon , Elz Aurelia S. , Ayton Scott , Finnie John , Nagpal Aadya , Pouliot Normand , Bowen Joanne M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Neratinib, a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that irreversibly binds to human epidermal growth factor receptors 1, 2 and 4 (HER1/2/4), is an approved extended adjuvant therapy for patients with HER2-amplified or -overexpressed (HER2-positive) breast cancers. Patients receiving neratinib may experience mild-to-severe symptoms of gut toxicity including abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Despite being a highly prevalent complication in gut health, the biological processes underlying neratinib-induced gut injury, especially in the colon, remains unclear.

Methods
Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and histology were integrated to study the effect of, and type of cell death induced by neratinib on colonic tissues collected from female Albino Wistar rats dosed with neratinib (50 mg/kg) daily for 28 days. Additionally, previously published bulk RNA-sequencing and CRISPR-screening datasets on human glioblastoma SF268 cell line and glioblastoma T895 xenograft, and mouse TBCP1 breast cancer cell line were leveraged to elucidate potential mechanisms of neratinib-induced cell death.

Results
The severity of colonic epithelial injury, especially degeneration of surface lining colonocytes and infiltration of immune cells, was more pronounced in the distal colon than the proximal colon. Sequencing showed that apoptotic gene signature was enriched in neratinib-treated SF268 cells while ferroptotic gene signature was enriched in neratinib-treated TBCP1 cells and T895 xenograft. However, we found that ferroptosis, but less likely apoptosis, was a potential histopathological feature underlying colonic injury in rats treated with neratinib.

Conclusion
Ferroptosis is a potential feature of neratinib-induced colonic injury and that targeting molecular machinery governing neratinib-induced ferroptosis may represent an attractive therapeutic approach to ameliorate symptoms of gut toxicity.
Characterization of Crystals in Ciliate Paramecium bursaria Harboring Endosymbiotic Chlorella variabilis
Authors: Kodama Yuuki , Kitatani Ayasa , Morita Yuriko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProtists, including ciliates retain crystals in their cytoplasm. However, their functions and properties remain unclear. To comparatively analyze the crystals of Paramecium bursaria, a ciliate, associated with and without the endosymbiotic Chlorella variabilis, we investigated the isolated crystals using a light microscope and analyzed their length and solubility. A negligible number of crystals was found in P. bursaria cells harboring symbiotic algae. The average crystal length in alga-free and algae-reduced cells was about 6.8 μm and 14.4 μm, respectively. The crystals of alga-free cells were spherical, whereas those of algae-reduced cells were angular in shape. The crystals of alga-free cells immediately dissolved in acids and bases, but not in water or organic solvents, and were stable at – 20 °C for more than 3 weeks. This study, for the first time, reveals that the characteristics of crystals present in the cytoplasm of P. bursaria vary greatly depending on the amount of symbiotic algae.
Impact and effect of imaging referral guidelines on patients and radiology services: a systematic review
Authors: Tay Yi Xiang , Foley Shane , Killeen Ronan , Ong Marcus E. H. , Chen Robert Chun , Chan Lai Peng , Mak May San , McNulty Jonathan P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this systematic review was to offer a comprehensive overview and explore the associated outcomes from imaging referral guidelines on various key stakeholders, such as patients and radiologists.

Materials and methods
An electronic database search was conducted in Medline, Embase and Web of Science to retrieve citations published between 2013 and 2023. The search was constructed using medical subject headings and keywords. Only full-text articles and reviews written in English were included. The quality of the included papers was assessed using the mixed methods appraisal tool. A narrative synthesis was undertaken for the selected articles.

Results
The search yielded 4384 records. Following the abstract, full-text screening, and removal of duplication, 31 studies of varying levels of quality were included in the final analysis. Imaging referral guidelines from the American College of Radiology were most commonly used. Clinical decision support systems were the most evaluated mode of intervention, either integrated or standalone. Interventions showed reduced patient radiation doses and waiting times for imaging. There was a general reduction in radiology workload and utilisation of diagnostic imaging. Low-value imaging utilisation decreased with an increase in the appropriateness of imaging referrals and ratings and cost savings. Clinical effectiveness was maintained during the intervention period without notable adverse consequences.

Conclusion
Using evidence-based imaging referral guidelines improves the quality of healthcare and outcomes while reducing healthcare costs. Imaging referral guidelines are one essential component of improving the value of radiology in the healthcare system.

Clinical relevance statement
There is a need for broader dissemination of imaging referral guidelines to healthcare providers globally in tandem with the harmonisation of the application of these guidelines to improve the overall value of radiology within the healthcare system.

Key Points

The application of imaging referral guidelines has an impact and effect on patients, radiologists, and health policymakers.

The adoption of imaging referral guidelines in clinical practice can impact healthcare costs and improve healthcare quality and outcomes.

Implementing imaging referral guidelines contributes to the attainment of value-based radiology.