bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NiCo2O4-Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Microwave-Assisted Dehydrogenative Direct Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Carboxylic Acids under Oxidant-Free Conditions
Authors: Banerjee Subhash , Anchal Kumari , Patel Ashok R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHere, we report the NiCo2O4-nanoparticle-catalyzed dehydrogenative direct oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acid in the presence of KOH under microwave irradiation in the absence of any oxidant in good to excellent yields (75–99%) within a short reaction time (5–10 min). The polycrystalline cubic spinel phase of NiCo2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 25 nm were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and analyzed properly by using powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy measurements. The NiCo2O4 NPs were stable under the reaction conditions and reused for up to eight cycles without appreciable loss in the yield of benzoic acid. According to mechanistic insight, the KOH acts as a second oxygen source and is essential for the synthesis of carboxylic acid from alcohols. The hydrogen gas was found to be the only byproduct of this method detected by chemical reactions.
Activating Methanol for Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Chalcones Using an SNS-Ruthenium Complex
Authors: Srimani Dipankar , Mohar Kailash , Phukan Hirak Jyoti , Mondal Avijit , Soni Kaushik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMethanol is gaining popularity as a transfer-hydrogenating agent in catalytic reduction reactions because of its bulk-scale production and inexpensive nature. Current research interests include the utilization of methanol as a safe and sustainable hydrogen source for chemical synthesis and drug development. In particular, the chemoselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones is of great interest because of their prevalence in many natural products. We investigated the potential application of acridine-derived SNS-Ru pincer complexes in methanol activation for chemoselective reduction of chalcones. Our developed catalytic system showed broad substrate tolerance, including substrates containing reducible functional groups. Control experiments and postsynthetic applications are also highlighted.
Ketocalixarenes: Versatile yet still Unexplored Macrocycles
Authors: Biali Silvio E. , Shalev Ori 
Published: August 2024

AbstractKetocalix[n]arenes can be prepared via oxidation of the methylene groups of protected calix[n]arenes. The presence of carbonyl groups at the bridges alters the preferred conformation and reactivity of the macrocycle and provides an entry point (via nucleophilic additions reactions) to a wide array of methylene-substituted derivatives as well as calix[n]radialenes.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Ketocalix[n]arenes2.1	Ketocalix[4]arene Derivatives2.2	Systems Possessing both Carbonyl and Bromomethane Bridges2.3	Pentaoxoketocalix[5]arene and Hexaoxoketocalix[6]arene Derivatives2.4	Monooxo- and Dioxoketocalix[6]arenes3	Conformation of Ketocalixarenes4	Reactions of Ketocalixarenes4.1	Alkylation of the OH Groups4.2	Intramolecular Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution4.3	Reduction of the Carbonyl Groups4.4	Reaction of 5c with PhLi4.5	Reaction with tert-Butyllithium5	From Ketocalix[n]arenes to Calix[n]radialenes and Calix[n]rotanes6	Summary and Outlook
Introduction to the special issue “environmental criminology in crime prevention: theories for practice”
Authors: Ceccato Vania , Ioannidis Ioannis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this special issue, five articles demonstrate the impact of contemporary Environmental Criminology theory on the understanding of crime and the development of crime prevention practices in both urban and rural contexts. The articles exemplify the development of Environmental Criminology as a field that extends beyond crime in physical spaces to encompass offenses in cyberspace, illustrating the field’s adaptability and relevance in an increasingly digital world. Authored by environmental criminologists from diverse disciplinary backgrounds, these articles offer a range of international perspectives, thereby contributing to the field of security while addressing broader social issues.
Phytase super-dosing modulates bone parameters and the concentration of the calcium epithelial carrier calbindin-D28k in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) under thermal stress
Authors: Ribeiro A. G. , Silva R. S. , Costa F. S. , Silva E. G. , Santos Ribeiro J. E. , Saraiva E. P. , Costa F. G. P. , Guerra R. R. 
Published: August 2024

Context Thermal stress causes significant changes in the bioavailability of minerals, especially calcium, in laying birds, resulting in reduced egg production, and compromising egg quality. Therefore, it is necessary to use additives that provide better nutrient availability and minimise the negative effects caused by high temperatures. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effects of super-dosing the diet of laying quails submitted to different temperatures with phytase on their bone parameters and on the epithelial calcium transporter calbindin-D28K positivity. Methods Seven hundred and twenty (720) Japanese quails in the production phase were distributed in a completely randomised design, in a 5 × 3 factorial design, with five supplementation levels of phytase (0, 500, 1000, 1500, and 3000 FTU/kg), and three temperatures (24°C, 30°C and 36°C), totalling 15 treatments, and six replications of eight birds each. The study began at the 8th week of age and continued for two cycles of 21 days, totalling 42 days of experiment. Bone parameters of the tibias and calbindin-D28K positivity were measured by immunohistochemistry. The data were submitted to variance, Tukey, and regression analyses. Key results At 24°C, birds had higher averages for proximal, medial, and distal diaphyses than did birds at 30°C and 36°C, and a greater breaking strength of the tibias than did those at 36°C. There was an increasing linear effect on the medial diaphysis and Seedor index in the tibias with an increasing phytase supplementation level. Calcium (Ca) in the tibias was higher in birds kept at 30°C at a supplementation level of up to 1000 FTU of phytase, than in the birds at 24°C and 36°C, equalling at 1500 FTU, and lower at 3000 FTU. There was a quadratic effect for phosphorus (P) and the Ca:P ratio in the tibias of quails submitted to increasing concentrations of phytase. Quails kept at 30°C showed greater anti-calbindin-D28K positivity in the duodenum and jejunum, when compared to animals subjected to temperatures of 24°C and 36°C. Phytase doses of 500 and 1000 FTU increased calbindin-D28K positivity in the duodenum of quails kept at 30°C. At a supplementation level of 1500 FTU, phytase provided greater eggshell thickness and greater calbindin-D28K positivity in the uterus of quails kept at 36°C. Conclusions Therefore, it is recommended to use 1500 FTU of phytase for Japanese quail exposed to high temperatures. Implications These findings suggest that dietary phytase super-dosing can help alleviate thermal stress in Japanese quail.
L2 intonation perception in learners of Spanish
Authors: George Angela 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
While the field of L2 variation, particularly with L2 Spanish, is expanding, to date little is
known about the acquisition of variable intonation that occurs in final boundary tones of yes-no questions. The
present study investigates the effects of explicit instruction on the accurate identification of utterance type
(yes-no questions, broad-focused declarative statements, and wh-questions). Eleven L1 English learners of Spanish in
an advanced university level Spanish class listened to 21 Spanish utterances to identify the utterance type before and
after receiving explicit in-class instruction. Two L1 Spanish listeners served as a control. Learner gains in
identification of utterance type were not significant, and there was no statistically significant effect of explicit
instruction on the identification of the utterances.
Time-dependent scalings and Fock quantization of a massless scalar field in Kantowski–Sachs
Authors: Cortez Jerónimo , Mena Marugán Guillermo A , Torres-Caballeros Álvaro , Velhinho José 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We address the issue of inequivalent Fock representations in quantum field theory in a curved homogenous and anisotropic cosmological background, namely Kantowski–Sachs spacetime, which can also be used to describe the interior of a nonrotating black hole. A family of unitarily equivalent Fock representations that are invariant under the spatial isometries and implement a unitary dynamics can be achieved by means of a field redefinition that consists of a specific anisotropic scaling of the field configuration and a linear transformation of its momentum. Remarkably, we show that this kind of field redefinition is in fact unique under our symmetry and unitary requirements. However, the physical properties of the Hamiltonian dynamics that one obtains in this way are not satisfactory, inasmuch as the action of the Hamiltonian on the corresponding particle states is ill defined. To construct a quantum theory without this problem, we need a further canonical transformation that is time- and mode-dependent and is not interpretable as an anisotropic scaling. The old and new Fock representations, nevertheless, are unitarily equivalent. The freedom that is introduced when allowing for this further canonical transformation can be fixed by demanding an asymptotic diagonalization of the Hamiltonian and a minimal absorption of dynamical phases. In this way, the choice of vacuum and the associated Fock representation are asymptotically determined.
Holographic phenomenology via overlapping degrees of freedom
Authors: Friedrich Oliver , Cao ChunJun , Carroll Sean M , Cheng Gong , Singh Ashmeet 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The holographic principle suggests that regions of space contain fewer physical degrees of freedom than would be implied by conventional quantum field theory. Meanwhile, in Hilbert spaces of large dimension 2
n
, it is possible to define

N
≫
n

Pauli algebras that are nearly anti-commuting (but not quite) and which can be thought of as ‘overlapping degrees of freedom’. We propose to model the phenomenology of holographic theories by allowing field-theory modes to be overlapping, and derive potential observational consequences. In particular, we build a Fermionic quantum field whose effective degrees of freedom approximately obey area scaling and satisfy a cosmic Bekenstein bound, and compare predictions of that model to cosmic neutrino observations. Our implementation of holography implies a finite lifetime of plane waves, which depends on the overall UV cutoff of the theory. To allow for neutrino flux from blazar TXS 0506+056 to be observable, our model needs to have a cutoff

Λ

UV

≲
500

Λ

LHC

. This is broadly consistent with current bounds on the energy spectrum of cosmic neutrinos from IceCube, but high energy neutrinos are a potential challenge for our model of holography. We motivate our construction via quantum mereology, i.e. using the idea that EFT degrees of freedom should emerge from an abstract theory of quantum gravity by finding quasi-classical Hilbert space decompositions. We also discuss how to extend the framework to Bosons. Finally, using results from random matrix theory we derive an analytical understanding of the energy spectrum of our theory. The numerical tools used in this work are publicly available within the GPUniverse package, https://github.com/OliverFHD/GPUniverse.
Investigative photometry experiments on planar extended-light sources
Authors: Campione M , Pietropaolo A , Bussetti G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The inverse-square decay law of the illuminance of a point light source with distance is a common notion of basic optics theory, which is readily demonstrated to be a direct consequence of the propagation of spherical wave fronts with the centre at the light source. It is far less common to address the experimental verification of this law and, even less, to study the illuminance decay with the distance of extended light sources, which somehow represent an unknown topic. We propose a scientific experiment where the light sensor of a smartphone is used to collect illuminance data as a function of the source-to-sensor distance and orientation. Through this procedure, students can realize the limit of validity of the inverse-square law and determine the luminance flux of the chosen point-like light source (e.g. the white LED flashlight of a smartphone). More interestingly, when dealing with extended sources (e.g. the LCD of a laptop displaying a white image) subtle characteristics of the decay trend emerge, particularly for distances lower that the source size. A detailed analysis of these characteristics is presented though a process allowing student engagement in a real scientific investigation, envisaging steps of data acquisition through experimental measurements, model construction on the basis of the observed patterns, and finally model testing. We provide a guided formulation for the general modelling of planar emitters, starting from the theoretical treatment of Lambertian sources. In this way, students are able to quantify the luminous emission also for extended sources and their deviation from a Lambertian behaviour.
Surprises in the theory of elasticity: pairwise atomic interactions, central forces, and Cauchy relations
Authors: Etxebarria J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Although the theory of elasticity has been well known for many years there are still some commonly accepted misconceptions that continue to be taught in solid-state physics courses. In this paper we review some of these misconceptions through a detailed study of the relationship between macroscopic and microscopic theories of elasticity in a simple-cubic crystal with one atom per primitive cell. The analysis is performed at different stages of complexity. In the first-neighbor approximation we find that the crystal is simply unstable. If pairwise interaction up to second neighbors is considered the crystal is stable but the elastic constants present additional symmetries known as Cauchy relations which are not observed experimentally. The reasons for this behavior are analyzed, pointing out that the invariance of the potential energy with respect to rotations implies necessarily that pairwise interactions must be central. Only if the atomic interactions involve the participation of 3-bodies or more, the forces are non-central and the resulting elastic tensor may be acceptable.
Tunable memory behavior in light stimulated artificial synapse based on ZnO thin film transistors
Authors: Oommen Roshni , Ganapathi Mavuri Dinesh Sai , Jose Kiran , Nair Aswathi R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Optoelectronic synapses are inevitable for realizing neuromorphic vision systems, which require the integration of image recognition, memory and image processing into a single platform. In this work, we present a three terminal optoelectronic synapse created using zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film transistor. The persistent photoconductivity (PPC) of ZnO thin film is utilized to demonstrate the synaptic behavior. The change in conductance of the device under UV illumination has been interpreted as the weight change in the synapse. The basic synaptic functions such as sensory memory, short term memory, long term memory, duration-time-dependent plasticity and paired pulse facilitation (PPF) have been successfully demonstrated. The device shows a PPF index of 160%, comparable to other optoelectronic synapses reported in literature. Further, to corroborate the existing theory that PPC is caused by oxygen vacancies, additional characterizations are carried out and the presence of oxygen vacancies is detected in the fabricated ZnO device. Subsequently, pattern recognition of MNIST handwritten dataset has been performed using the conductance tuning curves of the proposed ZnO TFT based synapses in a neural network architecture, thereby demonstrating their feasibility to be used in neuromorphic applications.
Measuring the pose repeatability accuracy of the industrial robot end-effector based on the ISSA-IGCF-IHT method
Authors: Yu Zhen , Wan Junhe , Hao Zongrui , Kou Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Industrial robots play an essential role in intelligent manufacturing. The pose repeatability accuracy of the end effector is an important indicator of the robot’s precision operations ability. So, it is essential to measure the pose repeatability accuracy of the end effector. However, most of the existing measurement methods have problems such as cumbersome measurement processes and difficulty realizing multi-point measurements of large spaces. Considering the shortcomings of the existing methods, a theoretical model of the robot end effector’s pose repeatability accuracy measurement is proposed in this paper. Based on the theoretical model, a new method based on an improved sparrow search algorithm-improved Gaussian curve fitting-improved Hough transform algorithm is proposed to measure the Industrial robot end effector’s pose repeatability accuracy. The experimental results show that the position measurement error after compensation is ±1.5 μm, and the angle measurement error after compensation is ±2 arc sec. We can conclude that the Industrial robot end effector’s pose repeatability accuracy measurement is achieved using the proposed method. The authors’ main contribution is that the proposed method’s measurement process is simple and can achieve multi-point measurement in large spaces. It provides a reference for measuring and evaluating the Industrial robot end effector’s pose repeatability accuracy.
FELC-SLAM: feature extraction and loop closure optimized lidar SLAM system
Authors: Gao Ruizhen , Li Yuang , Li Baihua , Li Guoguang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is one of the key technologies in robot navigation and autonomous driving, playing an important role in robot navigation. Due to the sparsity of LiDAR data and the singularity of point cloud features, accuracy loss of LiDAR SLAM can occur during point cloud matching and localization. In response to these issues, this paper proposes a LiDAR Measurement SLAM algorithm that integrates multi type geometric feature extraction and optimized point cloud registration algorithms. This article first adopts advanced ground segmentation methods and feature segmentation strategies, including ground features, edge features, planar features, and spherical features, to improve matching accuracy. In addition, this article improves the previous method for extracting edge and planar features, extracting clearer and more robust line and surface features to address the degradation of geometric features. Finally, by introducing a robust decoupling global registration method for loop closure detection in the backend of the system, the sparsity problem of distant point clouds and the degradation problem caused by the reduction of inner layers in point cloud registration were effectively solved. In the evaluation of the KITTI dataset, our algorithm reduced absolute trajectory error values by 60%, 29%, and 71% compared to LeGO-LOAM in multi loop and feature constrained scenarios (such as sequences 00, 01, and 02), respectively. The evaluation of the M2DGR and Botanic Garden datasets also indicates that the positioning accuracy of our algorithm is superior to other advanced LiDAR SLAM algorithms.
Measurement of tiny moment of inertia based on flexure hinge for automobile collision testing
Authors: Yu Meike , Chen Xi , Zhang Shiyu , Zhu Chunyuan , Jia Pingyi , Zhao Lingzhe , Zhao Meirong , Zheng Yelong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The moment of inertia is a critical parameter for determining the motion state of an object and achieving precise control. At present, measurement techniques for the moment of inertia of large and heavy objects (greater than 0.5 kgm2) are very mature. However, it is still a challenge to achieve high precision for smaller objects (less than 0.5 kgm2). In this paper, a measuring device based on flexure hinges is proposed to achieve high-accuracy measurement of tiny moments of inertia, without additional friction. A theoretical model of measurement is developed and optimised to obtain the rotational inertia by measuring swing periods. The experimental results show that the maximum load of the device is 20 kg, and the resolution reaches 4 × 10−5 kgm2. For a 5 kg head model, the moment of inertia was measured to be 0.011 58 kgm2, with a combined standard uncertainty of 0.000 29 kgm2.
Energetic cost as a consequence of parallel transporting speed limit
Authors: Peng Yonggang , Ni Zhenbo , Zheng Yujun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Time-optimal unitary operating quantum systems and energy-efficient quantum gates are vital in quantum engineering. Here, we establish the connection between the energetic cost and the quantum speed limit for parallel evolving of a quantum system. Our results show that the energetic cost is the consequence of parallel transporting speed limit, which opens up the critical role of parallel transport of the quantum state for the quantum technologies such as the quantum simulation, the quantum information processing. Our investigations present a route to construct the energetic-efficient quantum gate. In addition, our theoretical framework provides an alternative method for calculating quantum speed limit. Two typical relevant systems are employed to illustrate our results: the spin-1/2 particle in the rotating magnetic field and the entanglement swap gate.
Path integral formalism for the Klein–Gordon-Dunkl oscillator in (1+d)-dimensional space-time coordinates
Authors: Benzair H , Boudjedaa T , Merad M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we extend the path integral formalism for the Klein–Gordon oscillator by replacing the standard derivative with the Dunkl derivative in 1D, 2D, and even in d − dimensions. Using space-time Cartesian coordinates, we derive the propagators and solve the problems exactly. We determine the energy eigenvalues and corresponding wave functions for the spinless particle. In limiting cases, where the Dunkl derivative parameters are set to zero, our results converge appropriately to those found in the literature for these problems.
Locally distinguishing genuinely nonlocal sets with entanglement resource
Authors: Qiao Qiao , Zhang Su-Juan , Bai Chen-Ming , Liu Lu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A set of orthogonal product states is deemed genuinely nonlocal if they remain locally indistinguishable under any bipartition. In this paper, we first construct a genuinely nonlocal product basis B
I(5, 3) in

C

5

⨂

C

5

⨂

C

5

using a set of nonlocal product states in

C

3

⨂

C

4

. Then, we obtain a genuinely nonlocal product basis B
II(5, 3) by replacing certain states in B
I(5, 3) with some superposition states. We achieve perfect discrimination of the constructed genuinely nonlocal product basis, separately employing two EPR states and one GHZ state. Our protocol is more efficient than quantum teleportation.