bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a sensor-based learning concentration detection system
Authors: Su Yen-Ning , Hsu Chia-Cheng , Chen Hsin-Chin , Huang Kuo-Kuang , Huang Yueh-Min 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– This study aims to use sensing technology to observe the learning status of learners in a teaching and learning environment. In a general instruction environment, teachers often encounter some teaching problems. These are frequently related to the fact that the teacher cannot clearly know the learning status of students, such as their degree of learning concentration and capacity to absorb knowledge. In order to deal with this situation, this study uses a learning concentration detection system (LCDS), combining sensor technology and an artificial intelligence method, to better understand the learning concentration of students in a learning environment.

Design/methodology/approach
– The proposed system uses sensing technology to collect information about the learning behavior of the students, analyzes their concentration levels, and applies an artificial intelligence method to combine this information for use by the teacher. This system includes a pressure detection sensor and facial detection sensor to detect facial expressions, eye activities and body movements. The system utilizes an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to optimize the system performance to help teachers immediately understand the degree of concentration and learning status of their students. Based on this, instructors can give appropriate guidance to several unfocused students at the same time.

Findings
– The fitness value and computation time were used to evaluate the LCDS. Comparing the results of the proposed ABC algorithm with those from the random search method, the algorithm was found to obtain better solutions. The experimental results demonstrate that the ABC algorithm can quickly obtain near optimal solutions within a reasonable time.

Originality/value
– A learning concentration detection method of integrating context-aware technologies and an ABC algorithm is presented in this paper. Using this learning concentration detection method, teachers can keep abreast of their students' learning status in a teaching environment and thus provide more appropriate instruction.
Experiments of iterative learning control system using particle swarm optimization by new bounded constraints on velocity and positioning
Authors: Huang Yi-Cheng , Li Ying-Hao 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– This paper utilizes the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) with bounded constraints technique on velocity and positioning for adjusting the gains of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and iterative learning control (ILC) controllers. The purpose of this paper is to achieve precision motion through bettering control by this technique.

Design/methodology/approach
– Actual platform positioning must avoid the occurrence of a large control action signal, undesirable overshooting, and preventing out of the maximum position limit. Several in-house experiments observation, the PSO mechanism is sometimes out of the optimal solution in updating velocity and updating position of particles, the system may become unstable in real-time applications. The proposed IPSO with new bounded constraints technique shows a great ability to stabilize nonminimum phase and heavily oscillatory systems based on new bounded constraints on velocity and positioning in PSO algorithm is evaluated on one axis of linear synchronous motor with a PC-based real-time ILC.

Findings
– Simulations and experiment results show that the proposed controller can reduce the error significantly after two learning iterations. The developed method using bounded constraints technique provides valuable programming tools to practicing engineers.

Originality/value
– The proposed IPSO-ILC-PID controller overcomes the shortcomings of conventional ILC-PID controller with fixed gains. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed IPSO-ILC-PID algorithm exhibits great speed convergence and robustness. Experimental results confirm that the proposed IPSO-ILC-PID algorithm is effective and achieves better control in real-time precision positioning.
A tubular linear machine with dual Halbach array
Authors: Yan Liang , Zhang Lei , Jiao Zongxia , Hu Hongjie , Chen Chin-Yin , Chen I-Ming 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– Force output is extremely important for electromagnetic linear machines. The purpose of this study is to explore new permanent magnet (PM) array and winding patterns to increase the magnetic flux density and thus to improve the force output of electromagnetic tubular linear machines.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on investigations on various PM patterns, a novel dual Halbach PM array is proposed in this paper to increase the radial component of flux density in three-dimensional machine space, which in turn can increase the force output of tubular linear machine significantly. The force outputs and force ripples for different winding patterns are formulated and analyzed, to select optimized structure parameters.

Findings
– The proposed dual Halbach array can increase the radial component of flux density and force output of tubular linear machines effectively. It also helps to decrease the axial component of flux density and thus to reduce the deformation and vibration of machines. By using analytical force models, the influence of winding patterns and structure parameters on the machine force output and force ripples can be analyzed. As a result, one set of optimized structure parameters are selected for the design of electromagnetic tubular linear machines.

Originality/value
– The proposed dual Halbach array and winding patterns are effective ways to improve the linear machine performance. It can also be implemented into rotary machines. The analyzing and design methods could be extended into the development of other electromagnetic machines.
Function-technology platforms improve efficiency in high-tech equipment manufacturing
Authors: (Alex) Alblas A.A. , (Hans) Wortmann J.C. 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– Success in manufacturing industries often depends on the ability of a firm to apply product platforms. In speeding up product development, platforms often enable companies to benefit from scale effects by reusing existing components in the development of new products. In the delivery of complex products and system (CoPS), however, platforms are frequently modified since components have to be changed within their life cycle to meet additional customer-specific engineering demands and evolving innovations in technology. In this article, it will be illustrated that intangible design elements can be used as platforms in firms that deliver CoPS. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– Through extensive fieldwork at a leading supplier of science-based lithography machinery, a modified platform concept was developed and tested that is labelled as the function-technology (FT) platform. The longitudinal data, collected on site, demonstrate positive effects of applying FT platforms.Findings– The results show that an important explanation for firm's success in delivering lithography machinery with attractive performance is their ability to deliver variants that are specific in terms of physical modules, but common in terms of functions and technologies. Based on the results, it can be argued that establishing an FT platform will allow the efficient creation of variants within a family of CoPS.Originality/value– The findings add considerable insight to the existing literature on operations management by explaining how intangible design elements, instigated during development, can be reused in the delivery of CoPS. Moreover, it enables development managers to more easily structure and reuse complex development tasks.
Brand meaning gaps and dynamics: theory, research, and practice
Authors: Jane Wilson Elizabeth , Bengtsson Anders , Curran Catharine 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, propositions in an existing conceptual framework are empirically explored to note whether and how brand meaning gaps exist for internal and external stakeholders of a focal brand. Second, a typology of brand meaning gaps, characterised by meaning assonance and valence, offers new insight for brand management strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors use case study methods to explore the research propositions about brand meaning gaps among stakeholder groups. The focal firm is The Black Dog Company of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts in the USA. Data from brand owners (internal stakeholders) and consumers (external stakeholders) are collected using in-depth interviews, observation, document analysis, and an online survey that includes a picture association task. Further inductive analysis of secondary data helps develop the typology of brand meaning gaps and dynamics.

Findings
– The research propositions are supported. Brand meaning gaps exist between internal and external stakeholders, and they exist among two external stakeholder groups. Brand meaning for owners, primarily defined as family heritage, is largely unknown to consumers. Among consumers, brand meaning for stakeholder group 1 is “coastal New England”; brand meaning for group 2 is “dog lovers.” Although multiple brand meanings exist for stakeholders, the meanings are relatively assonant (harmonious) and positively valenced. The findings regarding the polysemic nature of brand meaning are useful to brand managers seeking to leverage offerings to multiple target markets. These findings, along with additional secondary data, serve as the basis for a typology of brand gaps and dynamics characterized by assonance and valence. Four types of meaning gaps may lead to situations where brands are beloved, on-the-cusp, hijacked, or facing disaster.

Originality/value
– This work addresses calls from the literature to empirically explore brand meaning among multiple stakeholder groups.
CSR in India: reflections from the banking sector
Authors: Hadfield-Hill Sophie 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to explore corporate social responsibility (CSR) within the Indian context, focusing on the banking sector. This is of particular importance at this time given the financial industry's pivotal role in driving forward India's growth; this paper contributes to the literature on the operationalisation of CSR within one of the world's fastest growing economies.Design/methodology/approach– The paper presents empirical, on-the-ground qualitative evidence from the Indian finance sector with regard to CSR operations and motivations. Data are based primarily on a series of semi-structured interviews with “elite” participants; senior officials operating in the banking sector.Findings– The paper offers insight into four levels of CSR engagement which currently exist in the day-to-day operations of Indian companies. Of significance to debates on CSR trends and strategies, the paper presents evidence to suggest that western CSR initiatives are influencing executives in India; ultimately causing a reactive response of an ad-hoc nature.Research limitations/implications– While the focus of this paper is the Indian finance industry, the trends within this sector and emerging practice, one must be cautious about making broad generalisations about CSR in India based on the data presented here.Originality/value– A focus on responsible project finance and CSR is imperative at this time of major infrastructure growth in Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) economies; indigenous financial institutions have a crucial role to play in social and economic development. Through a focus on four modes of engagement, which emerged from empirically grounded data collection, this paper highlights multiple forms of commitment and motivation which are often overlooked when reviewing CSR primarily through reporting methods.
Team processes for adaptive and innovative outcomes
Authors: London Manuel 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– The aim of this paper is to consider how exploitative and exploratory team processes contribute to adaptive and innovative outcomes. The paper integrates the team learning and team adaptation literature and examines factors that stimulate and support exploitative and exploratory processes in interdisciplinary and homogeneous teams. This has implications for team learning research and facilitation that fosters adaptation and innovation.Design/methodology/approach– The paper reviews how teams learn to be exploitative and exploratory and the extent to which adaptive and innovative outcomes ensue. The paper suggests the value of teams understanding how different conditions (environment, leadership, member characteristics, and team composition) affect team members' interactions as they learn and apply exploitative and exploratory processes to produce adaptive and/or innovative outcomes.Findings– Teams learn frames of reference for being exploitative and exploratory influenced by environmental conditions, leadership, particularly leadership that creates psychological safety, and team member characteristics and team. Interdisciplinary team composition and resulting possible subgroup formation pose challenges for exploitative and exploratory teams.Research limitations/implications– Future research should study teams over time to observe subgroup formation and integration, and facilitation by leaders, team members, and group dynamics professionals to support exploratory and exploitative frames and the emergence of adaptations and innovations.Practical implications– Teams may be more successful in implementing innovations when they have learned how to weave between exploratory and exploitative frames of behavior.Originality/value– The paper applies exploitative and exploratory processes to teams to increase their capacity to produce adaptive and innovative outcomes.
Gonadal and uterine function in female survivors treated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or bone marrow transplantation for childhood malignant and non‐malignant diseases
Authors: Beneventi F , Locatelli E , Giorgiani G , Zecca M , Locatelli F , Cavagnoli C , Simonetta M , Bariselli S , Negri B , Spinillo A 
Published: March 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate gonadal function and uterine volume in a cohort of female survivors treated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or stem cell transplantation (SCT) for childhood malignant and non‐malignant diseases.DesignAn observational study.SettingS. Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy.PopulationA cohort of 135 female survivors.MethodsA clinical, hormonal, and ultrasonographic evaluation. Thirty‐three patients (24%) had non‐malignant haematologic diseases (thalassaemia or sickle cell anaemia), 68 (50%) had leukaemia, 23 (17%) had lymphomas, and 11 (8%) had solid tumours. In total, 106 patients had received SCT, preceded by a conditioning regimen.Main outcome measuresAnti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and Inhibin–B, and uterine volume.ResultsThe median concentrations of AMH and Inhibin–B in the entire cohort were 0.12 ng/ml (interquartile range, IQR, 0.1–0.5 ng/ml) and 3.5 pg/ml (IQR 0.1–13.2 pg/ml), respectively. In a stepwise ordered logistic regression analysis, conventional chemotherapy for the treatment of malignancies, as opposed to total body irradiation (TBI), was the only oncologically significant predictor of increased AMH levels (OR 4.8, 95% CI 1.9–12, P < 0.001). Conditioning treatment before or after menarche did not influence AMH concentrations (P = 0.24). The best predictor of reduced uterine volume was TBI during the preparation for the allograft (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.4–8.4, P = 0.006). Increasing age at treatment (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77–0.95, P = 0.04), chemotherapy, as opposed to other treatments (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.03–0.28, P < 0.001), and solid tumours as opposed to either leukaemia/lymphomas or non‐malignant diseases (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.07–0.56, P = 0.002) were associated with larger uterine volumes.ConclusionsConditioning therapies for SCT, including TBI, had the worst effects on uterine volume and gonadal reserve. Increasing age at treatment and conventional chemotherapy were associated with less detrimental effects on uterine volume.
Difference in perceived knowledge, confidence and attitudes between dietitians and other health professionals in the provision of weight management advice
Authors: MacDonald‐Wicks Lesley K. , Gallagher Lindy M. , Snodgrass Suzanne J. , Guest Maya , Kable Ashley , James Carole , Ashby Samantha , Plotnikoff Ronald C. , Collins Clare E. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this analysis is to establish if dietitians have the knowledge, skills and attitude to provide support to other health professional (HP) groups in the provision of weight management advice to overweight/obese patients.MethodsA secondary data analysis of a cross‐sectional survey of HPs was undertaken to perform a gap analysis with regard to practices, knowledge, confidence and attitudes in the provision of weight management advice. Survey responses and additional measures (practice, knowledge, confidence and attitude scores) were compared between dietitians and other HPs. Descriptive statistics were undertaken, and differences between group χ2 tests were performed for nominal data and the Wilcoxon rank sum test for ordinal and non‐parametric data.ResultsAbout 100% of dietitians had received initial weight management training and 85% had participated in professional development training, compared with 18 and 19% of HPs, respectively, although 70% believed it was within their scope of practice to provide evidence‐based advice. Dietitian respondents achieved a higher median score (maximum 10) in the following areas (practice = 6.5, knowledge = 8.0, confidence = 8.3) when compared with HP respondents (practice = 4.2, knowledge = 7.0, confidence = 5.4). The median attitude score for both groups was 6.0.ConclusionsHPs are receptive to providing evidence‐based weight loss messages to overweight/obese clients in their current practice. However, weight management training is required to enhance HPs' knowledge and skills in order to increase confidence and improve practice skills. Dietitians can assist HPs to ensure that clear, consistent, evidence‐based messages are delivered to overweight clients throughout the health‐care system.
Discovering new bioactive molecules from microbial sources
Authors: Monciardini Paolo , Iorio Marianna , Maffioli Sonia , Sosio Margherita , Donadio Stefano 
Published: March 2014

SummaryThere is an increased need for new drug leads to treat diseases in humans, animals and plants. A dramatic example is represented by the need for novel and more effective antibiotics to combat multidrug‐resistant microbial pathogens. Natural products represent a major source of approved drugs and still play an important role in supplying chemical diversity, despite a decreased interest by large pharmaceutical companies. Novel approaches must be implemented to decrease the chances of rediscovering the tens of thousands of known natural products. In this review, we present an overview of natural product screening, focusing particularly on microbial products. Different approaches can be implemented to increase the probability of finding new bioactive molecules. We thus present the rationale and selected examples of the use of hypersensitive assays; of accessing unexplored microorganisms, including the metagenome; and of genome mining. We then focus our attention on the technology platform that we are currently using, consisting of approximately 70 000 microbial strains, mostly actinomycetes and filamentous fungi, and discuss about high‐quality screening in the search for bioactive molecules. Finally, two case studies are discussed, including the spark that arose interest in the compound: in the case of orthoformimycin, the novel mechanism of action predicted a novel structural class; in the case of NAI‐112, structural similarity pointed out to a possible in vivo activity. Both predictions were then experimentally confirmed.
Review article: the psychosexual impact of inflammatory bowel disease in male patients
Authors: O'Toole A. , Winter D. , Friedman S. 
Published: March 2014

SummaryBackgroundKnowledge of the extent and the impact of sexual dysfunction and interpersonal relationships in men with inflammatory bowel disease is scarce.AimsThe aim of this review article was to summarise the current literature on sexual function in male patients with IBD and to provide a critical review of the IBD‐related medical, surgical and psychological complications that can result in impaired quality of sexual health.MethodsTo collect relevant articles, PubMed/Medline and Embase searches were performed using Boolean search phrases.ResultsReported rates of sexual dysfunction in male IBD patients range from 10% to 50%. Thirty‐three to fifty per cent of patients report that sexual desire and satisfaction deteriorated after IBD diagnosis. Of those patients who were sexually inactive, half of these attributed lack of intercourse to underlying IBD. A striking finding reproduced in numerous studies is that disease activity relates strongly to impaired psychological function, and the most consistently reported risk factor for sexual problems in IBD patients is co‐existing mood disorders. Hypogonadism is a complication of IBD and its therapies, the role of testosterone deficiency should be further explored as a potentially treatable and reversible factor in sexual dysfunction.ConclusionsBy understanding what factors contribute to poor sexual functioning in our patients, we can strive to minimise adverse psychosocial events. Further insight into this complex relationship requires an IBD‐specific measure of sexual function in male patients. We recommend screening for and treating co‐morbid depression, testosterone deficiency and striving for clinical remission to prevent psychosexual dysfunction in male patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
The burden of white matter hyperintensities is a predictor of progressive mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Sunwoo M. K. , Jeon S. , Ham J. H. , Hong J. Y. , Lee J. E. , Lee J.‐M. , Sohn Y. H. , Lee P. H. 
Published: March 2014

Background and purposeTo evaluate whether white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) may act as an independent predictor for progression of cognitive status, the authors analyzed the longitudinal effects of WMHs on cognitive dysfunction in non‐demented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsA total of 111 patients with PD were enrolled, including subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 65) and cognitively normal subjects (CN, n = 46). These individuals were classified as MCI converters (n = 22) or MCI non‐converters (n = 43) and CN converters (n = 18) or CN non‐converters (n = 28) based on whether they were subsequently diagnosed with PD dementia or PD‐MCI during a minimum 24‐month follow‐up. The WMH burden and the Cholinergic Pathway Hyperintensities Scale (CHIPS) and their relationships to longitudinal changes in cognitive performance were examined.ResultsPD‐MCI converters had larger WMH volume (14421.0 vs. 5180.4, P < 0.001) and higher CHIPS score (22.6 vs. 11.2, P = 0.001) compared with PD‐MCI non‐converters. Logistic regression analysis revealed in patients with PD‐MCI that WMH volume (odds ratio 1.616, P = 0.009) and CHIPS score (odds ratio 1.084, P = 0.007) were independently associated with PD dementia conversion. However, WMH volume and CHIPS score did not differ between PD‐CN converters and PD‐CN non‐converters. In patients with PD‐MCI, both WMH volume and CHIPS score were closely associated with longitudinal decline in general cognition, semantic fluency and Stroop test scores.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that WMH burden is a significant predictor of conversion from PD‐MCI to PD dementia and is related to ongoing decline in frontal‐lobe‐based cognitive performance.