bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Assembly of 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks into Janus Optical Devices
Authors: Chen Di , Jiang Yanqiu , Tu Yinuo , Mao Linjie , Yao Min , Zheng Zhenqian , Li Wei , Ma Yuting , Du Jigang , Zhang Cailiang , Yang Xuan , Wang Wen‐Jun , Liu Pingwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAssembly of 2D molecules into hierarchical structures opens new avenues for creating multifunctional materials, yet fabricating the optical materials with multiscale structural features, and extending functions in a controllable way remains a challenge. Here, an asynchronous liquid depositing strategy is introduced that enables the asymmetrical growth of 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) on a graphene substrate. This results in Janus composite (JC) materials with independently controlled mesoscopic features, such as the COF layer thickness (100–300 nm), and its nanoflake length (0–200 nm), and thickness (0–30 nm). The JCs exhibit impressive light coupling capabilities and display a wide range of angle‐independent structural colors. These colors can be dynamically and reversibly changed in 10 ms when exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). They also demonstrate remarkable tailorability to form both random and ordered patterns which shows excellent information processing potential. These unique properties make JCs highly suitable as novel responsive optical devices for collecting and processing information about their surroundings, as demonstrated by visual and real‐time VOC monitoring and localization in both open and confined spaces. It is believed that the controlled assembly of 2D components into composites with well‐organized hierarchical structures will facilitate the future development of extraordinary materials with extensive applications.
Building New Structural Distortion Descriptors through Pressure Engineering toward Enhanced Violet Emission in 2D Hybrid Perovskite
Authors: Zhao Wenya , Fu Ruijing , Yang Jiayi , Xiao Guanjun , Zou Bo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBuilding an explicit structure‐property relationship for two‐dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites is critical to guide the synthesis of highly luminescent materials. However, traditional studies are limited to the deviation of individual intra‐octahedron, which fails to well reflect collective lattice distortion. Here, a set of new structural distortion descriptors associated with inter‐octahedra is introduced for 2D perovskite (C7H10N)2PbBr4, that is,(PMA)2PbBr4 through pressure engineering. An experimental conclusion is reached that adjacent Pb displacement, as the inter‐octahedron distortion, is an effective parameter in determining the structural distortion and emission behavior of (PMA)2PbBr4 under high pressure. Under high pressure, 2D perovskite (PMA)2PbBr4 exhibits two emission behaviors, free excitons (FEs) emission and self‐trapped excitons (STEs) emission. Different types of four‐Pb‐shaped quadrilateral correspond to different emissions: square‐type (only FEs emission), parallelogram‐type (coexistence of FEs emission and STEs emission), kite‐type (only STEs emission). Moreover, an enhanced violet emission at ≈431 nm is achieved under a mild pressure of 1.0 GPa, which is a crucial light source of medical sterilization. The underlying structure‐property relationship is clarified fundamentally deepens the photophysical mechanism of (PMA)2PbBr4, thus facilitating the design of high‐efficiency perovskite luminophores.
Personalized PLGA/BCL Scaffold with Hierarchical Porous Structure Resembling Periosteum‐Bone Complex Enables Efficient Repair of Bone Defect
Authors: Zhang Mengqi , Huang Zhike , Wang Xun , Liu Xinyu , He Wenyi , Li Yan , Wu Dingcai , Wu Shuyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing bone regeneration scaffolds to repair craniomaxillofacial bone defects is a promising strategy. However, most bone regeneration scaffolds still exist some issues such as a lack of barrier structure, inability to precisely match bone defects, and necessity to incorporate biological components to enhance efficacy. Herein, inspired by a periosteum‐bone complex, a class of multifunctional hierarchical porous poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/baicalein scaffolds is facilely prepared by the union of personalized negative mold technique and phase separation strategy and demonstrated to precisely fit intricate bone defect cavity. The dense up‐surface of the scaffold can prevent soft tissue cell penetration, while the loose bottom‐surface can promote protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and cell infiltration. The interior macropores of the scaffold and the loaded baicalein can synergistically promote cell differentiation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. These findings can open an appealing avenue for the development of personalized multifunctional hierarchical materials for bone repair.
Creating a bio‐based circular economy from Louisiana sugarcane byproducts
Authors: Aita G. , Bhatnagar D. , Bruni G. O. , Deliberto M. , Eggleston G. , Finger A. , Gravois K. , Isied M. , Judice W. , Klasson K. T. , Lima I. M. , Purswell J. L. , Souliman M. , Terrell E. , Tubaña B. S. , Waguespack H. L. , Wang J. J. , White P. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is Louisiana's number one row crop. Growing and processing sugarcane produces significant amounts of byproducts, including bagasse, crop residue, molasses, filter‐press mud, and boiler fly ash. These products represent an important opportunity to generate value‐added and specialty products and enhance sugarcane's sustainability by facilitating a circular economy, where agricultural by‐products are reused instead of disposing them (linear economy), in order to reduce resource use and energy demand. Examples of value‐added products range from biochar, construction materials, animal feed, biofuels, nanoparticles, and fertilizer. Paramount to the success of the bio‐based circular economy is creating useful products that are sustainable, economically, and environmentally acceptable. Some potential roadblocks to creating a successful bio‐based circular economy from Louisiana's sugarcane by‐products are highlighted.Core Ideas
The Louisiana sugar industry produces large amounts of biomass‐derived byproducts each year.
Byproducts could be reused, recycled, or reformed instead of being discarded.
Creating industries around these products boosts the circular economy.
Toward Ultralow Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries: Advancing the Feasibility of 1,3‐Dioxolane Based Localized High‐Concentration Electrolytes via Lithium Nitrate
Authors: Fu Han , Ye Xue , Zhang Yixiao , Zhong Yu , Wang Xiuli , Gu Changdong , Tu Jiangping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLithium metal batteries (LMBs) suffer severe capacity deterioration due to sluggish ionic transport kinetics at extremely low temperatures, which limits their practical operation. Selecting solvents with low desolvation energy, and promoting interfacial Li+ transport in solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) are regarded as effective methods to improve electrochemical performances. Herein, 1,3‐dioxolane (DOL) with weak solvating power is adopted for designing a DOL‐based localized high concentration electrolyte (DLHCE) with LiNO3 as a multifunctional additive. The strong coordination between NO3− and DOL molecules not only inhibits the polymerization of DOL at high lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) concentration, but also reduces the solvent‐diluent miscibility and extends the salt‐solvent solubility. As a result, an anion‐dominated solvation structure is obtained that derives an inorganic‐rich SEI composed of LiF and Li3N, guiding the uniform deposition of Li at low temperature. Remarkably, the Li||LiFePO4 cells retain 53.6% of room temperature capacity at −40 °C, and also present potential application of Li||NCM811 cells under cryogenic environments.
Associations between urine specific gravity and race/ethnicity at the population level: Implications for hydration status categorization
Authors: Winter Ian P. , Ferguson Brian K. , Wilson Patrick B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate how urine specific gravity (USG) and rates of supposed hypohydration vary by race/ethnicity, and to examine how adjustment for several important factors impacts estimated USG.MethodsUsing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this cross‐sectional study evaluated a total of 4195 (2098 female, 2097 male) Americans and categorized them as supposedly hypohydrated (USG≥1.020) or not using spot urine samples. USG and prevalence of supposed hypohydration were compared across racial/ethnic groups, separately by gender. The analyses considered the impact of urine creatinine, body composition, age, dietary nutrients, and physical activity.ResultsDifferences in supposed hypohydration prevalence were observed by race/ethnicity in men (p = .030) and women (p < .001). In unadjusted models, Black women's USG (1.0189) was higher (p < .05) than all the other race/ethnicity groups' USG (1.0142–1.0171). In men, Blacks' USG (1.0197) was higher (p < .05) than the USG of Whites (1.0177) and other/multi‐racial (1.0176) but not Mexican Americans (1.0196) or other Hispanics (1.0192). Adjustments for age, arm circumference, nutrients (protein, sodium, potassium, and moisture), and physical activity minimally influenced USG estimates. Further adjustment for urine creatinine lowered USG for Black women and men by 0.003 and 0.0023, respectively, with no notable lowering of USG in the other races/ethnicities. Supplemental analyses matching Whites and Blacks on age, moisture intake, and poverty‐to‐income ratio confirmed racial differences in urine creatinine and USG, though the effects were most pronounced in women.ConclusionsUsing a USG≥1.020 to identify hypohydration in all races/ethnicities may be inappropriate due to, among other factors, differences in urinary creatinine.
Covalent Triazine Based Frameworks with Donor‐Donor‐π‐Acceptor Structures for Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Lu Xiao‐Meng , Wang Haichao , Sun Yiwen , Xu Yi , Sun Weiwei , Wu Yang , Zhang Yifan , Yang Chao , Wang Yong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe appearance of disordered lithium dendrites and fragile solid electrolyte interfaces (SEI) significantly hinder the serviceability of lithium metal batteries. Herein, guided by theoretical predictions, a multi‐component covalent triazine framework with partially electronegative channels (4C‐TA0.5TF0.5‐CTF) is incorporated as a protective layer to modulate the interface stability of the lithium metal batteries. Notably, the 4C‐TA0.5TF0.5‐CTF with optimized electronic structure at the molecular level by fine‐tuning the local acceptor‐donor functionalities not only enhances the intermolecular interaction thereby providing larger dipole moment and improved crystallinity and mechanical stress, but also facilitates the beneficial effect of lithiophilic sites (C−F bonds, triazine cores, C=N linkages and aromatic rings) to further regulate the migration of Li+ and achieve a uniform lithium deposition behavior as determined by various in‐depth in/ex situ characterizations. Due to the synergistic effect of multi‐component organic functionalities, the 4C‐TA0.5TF0.5‐CTF modified full cells perform significantly better than the common two/three‐component 2C‐TA‐CTF and 3C‐TF‐CTF electrodes, delivering an excellent capacity of 116.3 mAh g−1 (capacity retention ratio: 86.8 %) after 1000 cycles at 5 C and improved rate capability. This work lays a platform for the prospective molecular design of improved organic framework relative artificial SEI for highly stable lithium metal batteries.
Atroposelective Synthesis of Axial Biaryls by Dynamic Kinetic Resolution Using Engineered Imine Reductases
Authors: Hao Xinyue , Tian Zhuangfei , Yao Zhouchang , Zang Tienan , Song Shucheng , Lin Liang , Qiao Tianzhang , Huang Ling , Fu Haigen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAxially chiral biaryl compounds are ubiquitous scaffolds in natural products, bioactive molecules, chiral ligands and catalysts, but biocatalytic methods for their asymmetric synthesis are limited. Herein, we report a highly efficient biocatalytic route for the atroposelective synthesis of biaryls by dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR). This DKR approach features a transient six‐membered aza‐acetal‐bridge‐promoted racemization followed by an imine reductase (IRED)‐catalyzed stereoselective reduction to construct the axial chirality under ambient conditions. Directed evolution of an IRED from Streptomyces sp. GF3546 provided a variant (S‐IRED‐Ss‐M11) capable of catalyzing the DKR process to access a variety of biaryl aminoalcohols in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 % yield and >99 : 1 enantiomeric ratio). Molecular dynamics simulation studies on the S‐IRED‐Ss‐M11 variant revealed the origin of its improved activity and atroposelectivity. By exploiting the substrate promiscuity of IREDs and the power of directed evolution, our work further extends the biocatalysts’ toolbox to construct challenging axially chiral molecules.
Customized Photoelectrochemical C−N and C−P Bond Formation Enabled by Tailored Deposition on Photoanodes
Authors: Wang Jinghao , Yang Caoyu , Gao Huiwen , Zuo Lulu , Guo Zhiyu , Yang Pengqi , Li Siyang , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotoelectrochemistry (PEC) is burgeoning as an innovative solution to organic synthesis. However, the current PEC systems suffer from limited reaction types and unsatisfactory performances. Herein, we employ efficient BiVO4 photoanodes with tailored deposition layers for customizing two PEC approaches toward C−N and C−P bond formation. Our process proceeds under mild reaction conditions, deploying easily available substrates and ultra‐low potentials. Beyond photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, customized PEC offers high efficiency, good functional group tolerance, and substantial applicability for decorating drug molecules, highlighting its promising potential to enrich the synthetic toolbox for broader organic chemistry of practical applications.
Highly Tough Slide‐Crosslinked Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Deng Xuetian , Chen Jing , Jia Xin , Da Xinyu , Zhao Yuanjun , Gao Yiyang , Gao Yang , Kong Xiangpeng , Ding Shujiang , Gao Guoxin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) hold great promise for the practical application of lithium metal batteries. However, conventional GPEs hardly resists lithium dendrites growth and maintains long‐term cycling stability of the battery due to its poor mechanical performance. Inspired by the slide‐ring structure of polyrotaxanes (PRs), herein we developed a dynamic slide‐crosslinked gel polymer electrolyte (SCGPE) with extraordinary stretchability of 970.93 % and mechanical strength of 1.15 MPa, which is helpful to buffer the volume change of electrodes and maintain mechanical integrity of the battery structure during cycling. Notably, the PRs structures can provide fast ion transport channels to obtain high ionic conductivity of 1.73×10−3 S cm−1 at 30 °C. Additionally, the strong polar groups in SCGPE restrict the free movement of anions to achieve high lithium‐ion transference number of 0.71, which is favorable to enhance Li+ transport dynamics and induce uniform Li+ deposition. Benefiting from these features, the constructed Li|SCGPE‐3|LFP cells exhibit ultra‐long and stable cycle life over 1000 cycles and high‐capacity retention (89.6 % after 1000 cycles). Even at a high rate of 16 C, the cells deliver a high capacity of 79.2 mAh g−1. The slide‐crosslinking strategy in this work provides a new perspective on the design of advanced GPEs for LMBs.
Iron(II)‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Diamination of Styrenes Installing a Terminal NH2 Group Alongside Unprotected Amines
Authors: Pozhydaiev Valentyn , Paparesta Antonio , Moran Joseph , Lebœuf David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract1,2‐Diamination of alkenes represents an attractive way to generate differentiated vicinal diamines, which are prevalent motifs in biologically active compounds and catalysts. However, existing methods are usually limited in scope and produce diamines where one or both nitrogens are protected, adding synthetic steps for deprotection and further N‐functionalization to reach a desired target. Furthermore, the range of amino groups that can be introduced at the internal position is fairly limited. Here we describe a 1,2‐diamination of styrenes that directly installs a free amino group at the terminal position and a wide variety of unprotected nitrogen nucleophiles (primary or secondary alkyl or aromatic amines, sulfoximines, N‐heterocycles, and ammonia surrogate) at the internal position. Two complementary sets of conditions encompass electronically activated and deactivated styrenes with diverse substitution patterns and functional groups. Moreover, this strategy can be extended to the 1,2‐aminothiolation of styrenes.
Metal‐free nucleophilic substitution of α‐ferrocenyl alcohols
Authors: Shen Chuanqi , Liu Jin , Zhuo Zhu , Liu Luyao , Huang You‐Gui 
Published: July 2024

Ferrocene‐based derivatives play significant roles in biomedicine and catalytic reactions. This article demonstrates the C–O/N/S formation reactions of α‐ferrocenyl alcohols under mild conditions using the organic compound NTBC (2,2′,2″‐(nitrilotris (methylene))tris(1H‐benzo[d]imidazole‐5‐carboxylic acid)) as the catalyst. The catalyst is utilized in amounts of 5 mol% or less, and the majority of substrates yield derivatized products in good to excellent yields. This metal‐free catalytic method shows promising applications in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates for its no metal pollution.
Polyploidy and the evolution of phenotypic integration: Network analysis reveals relationships among anatomy, morphology, and physiology
Authors: Baker Robert L. , Brock Grace L. , Newsome Eastyn L. , Zhao Meixia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPremiseMost traits are polygenic and most genes are pleiotropic, resulting in complex, integrated phenotypes. Polyploidy presents an excellent opportunity to explore the evolution of phenotypic integration as entire genomes are duplicated, allowing for new associations among traits and potentially leading to enhanced or reduced phenotypic integration. Despite the multivariate nature of phenotypic evolution, studies often rely on simplistic bivariate correlations that cannot accurately represent complex phenotypes or data reduction techniques that can obscure specific trait relationships.MethodsWe apply network modeling, a common gene co‐expression analysis, to the study of phenotypic integration to identify multivariate patterns of phenotypic evolution, including anatomy and morphology (structural) and physiology (functional) traits in response to whole genome duplication in the genus Brassica.ResultsWe identify four key structural traits that are overrepresented in the evolution of phenotypic integration. Seeding networks with key traits allowed us to identify structure–function relationships not apparent from bivariate analyses. In general, allopolyploids exhibited larger, more robust networks indicative of increased phenotypic integration compared to diploids.DiscussionPhenotypic network analysis may provide important insights into the effects of selection on non‐target traits, even when they lack direct correlations with the target traits. Network analysis may allow for more nuanced predictions of both natural and artificial selection.
Ultrastructure of the mesonephros of whitefishes from the Lake Baikal basin
Authors: Flerova Ekaterina A. , Sapozhnikova Yulia P. , Morozov Alexey A. , Yurchenko Victoria V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe article presents a study of the mesonephros ultrastructure of Baikal omul Coregonus migratorius, Baikal whitefish Coregonus baicalensis, and a cross between Baikal whitefish and humpback whitefish (C. baicalensis × Coregonus pidschian). The mesonephros ultrastructure was studied using electron microscopy methods. The results of the study show that the number of mature granulocytes is a systematic feature and does not depend on the ecology of fish. The quantitative characteristics of blood cells and the ultrastructural features of leukocytes in the mesonephros are associated with the functioning of the nonspecific defence system in fish. Morphological diversity of epithelial cells in nephron tubules is the ancestral characteristic of the modern omul population, associated with geological and climatic events in the history of Lake Baikal. The development of haematopoietic tissue in the mesonephros, the ultrafine structure of ion‐transporting interstitial cells, as well as some ultrastructural features found in the nephron, reflect the adaptive capabilities of the species to live in the ultra‐deep Lake Baikal.
Shedding light on night‐time erections: Determining the feasibility of nocturnal erection detection with penile transdermal light reflection of haemoglobin
Authors: Trip Evelien J. , Torenvlied Hille J. , Elzevier Henk W. , Pelger Rob C. M. , Beck Jack J. H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesUtilizing penile saturation and temperature measurements presents a promising avenue for the development of an innovative sensor system aimed at nocturnal erection detection. This study aims to determine the feasibility of erection detection with light reflection of haemoglobin (LRH), as a precursor for penile saturation measurements, as well as penile temperature by comparison with simultaneous overnight RigiScan measurements.Materials and MethodsThis is a proof‐of‐concept observational study on 10 healthy volunteers with a cross sectional design. A penile transdermal haemoglobin and temperature sensor was developed to measure penile LRH through real‐time monitoring with receiving photodiodes and emitting light‐emitting diode (LED). Besides statistical analysis on LRH, temperature and RigiScan data, a visual assessment was done to determine detectability of changes in the LRH and temperature course during the RigiScan‐annotated erections.ResultsA total of 40 nocturnal erections from 10 healthy volunteers were annotated with the RigiScan. The LRH values significantly increase during a nocturnal erection (p < 0.01) and penile temperature (p < 0.01). The largest elevation of temperature was seen in the last erection, with an increase of 0.94°C. The corrected temperature shows an increase of 1.29°C in the last erection. Furthermore, visual detectability was feasible for 80% of the erections with LRH values and 90% with the temperature output.ConclusionPenile LRH and temperature have the potential to serve as an alternative methodology for nocturnal erection detection compared with the currently applied circumference and rigidity measurements. This is an important step in the development of a patient‐friendly and modernized tool for erectile dysfunction diagnostics. An improved sensor should be developed to allow for calculation of saturation percentage from LRH values. In combination with penile temperature measurements, this allows for conduction of further validity studies to work towards translation into clinical practice for non‐invasive ED diagnostics.