bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MSC-Mediated Mitochondrial Transfer Promotes Metabolic Reprogramming in Endothelial Cells and Vascular Regeneration in ARDS
Authors: Wang Jinlong , Meng Shanshan , Chen Yixuan , Wang Haofei , Hu Wenhan , Liu Shuai , Huang Lili , Xu Jingyuan , Li Qing , Wu Xiaojing , Huang Wei , Huang Yingzi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) involves extensive pulmonary vascular endothelial injury. Mitochondrial damage plays a critical role in this endothelial injury. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being explored as a cellular therapy for ARDS, their role in repairing mitochondrial damage in endothelial cells remains unclear. This study investigates the potential of MSCs to repair mitochondrial damage in ARDS lung endothelial cells through mitochondrial transfer and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.
Methods
This study established ARDS mouse models and cellular models of mitochondrial damage in pulmonary endothelial cells. Initially, we observed the ability and mechanisms of MSCs to transfer mitochondria to lung endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. Subsequently, we investigated how this mitochondrial transfer by MSCs affects the repair of mitochondrial and endothelial damage, as well as its impact on vascular regeneration in ARDS. Finally, we elucidated the mechanisms by which MSC-mediated mitochondrial transfer promotes vascular regeneration in ARDS. Various cell biology techniques, including flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, and confocal microscopy, were utilized for experimental observations.
Results
MSCs used tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) to transfer mitochondria to pulmonary endothelial cells. The endothelial cells internalized these mitochondria through dynamin-dependent clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The mitochondrial transfer increased mitochondrial complex I expression, reduced ROS production and apoptosis, and promoted cell proliferation in endothelial cells. The reparative effects of MSCs diminished when their mitochondrial transfer ability was inhibited. MSC-mediated mitochondrial transfer activated the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and citrate-dependent fatty acid synthesis in endothelial cells, leading to the release of pro-angiogenic factors and promoting vascular regeneration. Inhibiting TCA or fatty acid synthesis in endothelial cells significantly reduced MSC-promoted vascular regeneration.
Conclusion
MSCs transfer mitochondria to ARDS lung endothelial cells, activating the TCA cycle and fatty acid synthesis, which promotes endothelial cell proliferation and the release of pro-angiogenic factors, thereby enhancing vascular regeneration. These findings offer a promising therapeutic approach for repairing mitochondrial damage and promoting vascular regeneration in ARDS.
Hybrid Machine Learning Models for Predicting Relative Returns of Five Major Global Stock Indices
Authors: Hu Liang , Shen Yinru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Accurately predicting stock market indices' returns is crucial for making informed financial decisions. This study introduces a hybrid approach using machine learning models to forecast the relative returns of five major global stock indices: S&P 500 (US), FTSE 100 (UK), Nikkei 225 (Japan), DAX 30 (Germany), and CAC 40 (France). By employing Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Dual-Layer LSTM (DL-LSTM), and Transformer models with Multi-Head Self-Attention, we aim to capture both short-term and long-term trends for better prediction accuracy. The dataset includes stocks from these indices from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023, ensuring stability by excluding stocks with frequent index changes. The results show that the DL-LSTM model significantly outperforms both traditional and other machine learning models in predicting relative returns, improving accuracy, recall, precision, and root mean square error (RMSE). This research highlights the potential of advanced machine learning techniques in financial market analysis, offering valuable insights for investors and financial analysts. The study not only enhances predictive accuracy but also adds to the growing literature on hybrid models in financial forecasting.
Endogenous peptide CBDP1 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by targeting USP5/YTHDF2/TRPM5 axis
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhu Wei , Tao Ruijie , Li Weijian , Jiang Chunming , Yan Xiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a high incidence rate and poor prognosis, and currently lacks effective therapies. Recently, peptide-based drugs have shown promise in cancer treatment. In this research, a new endogenous peptide called CBDP1 was discovered in ccRCC and its potential anti-cancer properties were examined.
Methods Peptide expression in ccRCC was analyzed using peptidomics technology to screen for potential antitumor peptides. The effects of the peptide on ccRCC growth and migration were studied through Colony Formation Assay, CCK-8 assay, Transwell Assays, Wound Healing Assay, and animal experiments. Further investigation into the antitumor mechanisms of the peptide was conducted using lentivirus transduction, Western Blot Analysis, qRT-PCR, Immunoprecipitation, Immunofluorescence, and Immunohistochemistry.
Results Our findings reveal that Cathepsin B Derived Peptide 1 (CBDP1) can inhibit the progression of ccRCC both in vitro and in vivo. Through mechanistic investigations, it was revealed that CBDP1 facilitates the interaction between YTHDF2 and the deubiquitinase USP5, thereby impeding the ubiquitination and degradation of YTHDF2. The upregulated YTHDF2 then binds to TRPM3 mRNA and promotes its degradation, ultimately reducing TRPM3 expression levels. These molecular events collectively contribute to the anti-cancer properties of CBDP1.
Conclusion These data indicate that CBDP1 exerts its antitumor effects by regulating the USP5/YTHDF2/TRPM3 axis. CBDP1 emerges as a promising candidate for the treatment of ccRCC.
Valorization of Biowastes Through Pre-composting Followed by Vermicomposting With the Addition of Effective Microorganisms
Authors: Amaral Edson José , Pereira Larissa Maria Silveira , Lorençon Eduarda , Poggere Giovana Clarice , Agustini Marcia , Edwiges Thiago 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The growing production of biowaste like food waste, vegetable waste, and animal manure results from the increased global population and economic growth and the lack of effective public policies for adequate management that encourage more sustainable practices such as nutrient recycling. Although applied to only 2% of the municipal solid waste in Brazil, composting and vermicomposting are attractive, low-cost, and effective biological ways to stabilize several types of biowastes and increase the circular economy through the use of organic compost. This study aimed to optimize the composting and vermicomposting process by adding effective microorganisms (EM) and evaluate the vermicompost performance in the production of vegetable seedlings. The pre-composting windrow was operated for 23 days. It was constructed with 120 kg of organic waste (58%, 31%, 9%, and 2% food waste (FW), cattle manure (CM), grass clippings (GC), and tree brunches (TB), respectively). Six treatments were tested in the vermicomposting with different EM doses, consisting of a commercial compost (CC) and 0 (D0), 3 (D3), 4 (D4), 5 (D5), and 6 (D6) mL EM L− 1 substrate. The pre-composting windrow balanced the pH values, making them closer to neutrality. It also slightly reduced carbon and maintained nitrogen contents in the waste between 2.4 and 2.6% (dry matter). Vermicomposting with EM addition concentrated nutrients, with best TKN results close to 3.1% (dry matter) with the addition of 3 mL EM L− 1 substrate. In addition to the highest nitrogen content, treatment D3 presented higher total phosphorous and Dickson quality index (DQI) values than the control treatment, showing the potential to add EM to generate a higher maturity and agronomic relevance compost.
Pure line selection for improved yield and early maturation in heterogeneous yellow flaxseed variety
Authors: Konkol Ana Caroline Basniak , Fioreze Ana Carolina da Costa Lara , Orsi Nicole , Krassmann Karol Anne , Antunes Clarice Elisabete , Fioreze Samuel Luiz , Parizzoto Círio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Functional food markets have increased flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) demand, along with the need for competitive varieties. Flaxseed cultivated in Brazil results from natural hybridizations and mixtures of foreign genotypes. Given the unexplored genetic variability in heterogeneous Brazilian varieties, classical breeding methods like pure line selection can be effectively applied, especially when involving local producers in the breeding process. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the efficiency of participatory selection of superior yellow flaxseed lines from a heterogeneous variety through genetic gains obtained via the best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP). Individual plants were selected in a heterogeneous Brazilian crop in 2017, and the resulting lines were evaluated in 2018, 2019, and 2020 (across two environments). We evaluated the following traits: days to maturity (DM), number of capsules per plant (NCP), yield per area (GY), and yield per plant (GYP). Phenotypic data were used to estimate variance components via REML and genotypic values via BLUP. The efficiency of participatory plant breeding was measured by the genetic gain from selection (GS). The results reveal that the pure line selection method in a heterogeneous flaxseed variety was efficient, achieving gains of up to 5.37% for DM, 31% for NCP, 44.5% for GY, and 49.52% for GYP.
Joint Imbalance Adaptation for Radiology Report Generation
Authors: Wu Yuexin , Huang I-Chan , Huang Xiaolei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Radiology report generation, translating radiological images into precise and clinically relevant description, may face the data imbalance challenge – medical tokens appear less frequently than regular tokens; and normal entries are significantly more than abnormal ones. However, very few studies consider the imbalance issues, not even with conjugate imbalance factors.
Methods: In this study, we propose a Joint Imbalance Adaptation (JIMA) model to promote task robustness by leveraging token and label imbalance. JIMA predicts entity distributions from images and generates reports based on these distributions and image features. We employ a hard-to-easy learning strategy that mitigates overfitting to frequent labels and tokens, thereby encouraging the model to focus more on rare labels and clinical tokens.
Results: JIMA shows notable improvements (16.75% - 50.50% on average) across evaluation metrics on IU X-ray and MIMIC-CXR datasets. Our ablation analysis proves that JIMA’s enhanced handling of infrequent tokens and abnormal labels counts the major contribution. Human evaluation and case study experiments further validate that JIMA can generate more clinically accurate reports.
Conclusion: Data imbalance (e.g., infrequent tokens and abnormal labels) leads to the underperformance of radiology report generation. Our curriculum learning strategy successfully reduce data imbalance impacts by reducing overfitting on frequent patterns and underfitting on infrequent patterns. While data imbalance remains challenging, our approach opens new directions for the generation task.
From Global to Regional-scale CMIP6-derived wind wave extremes: a HighResMIP and CORDEX downscaling experiment in South-East Australia
Authors: Lorenzo Matteo , Meucci Alberto , Liu Jin , Syktus Jozef , Thatcher Marcus , Young Ian Robert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of high-resolution CMIP6 10-meter surface wind fields on wave climate dynamics in the South-East Australian region. We nest a regional unstructured grid spectral wave climate model within a global state-of-the-art spectral wave climate model to conduct our modelling experiments. The primary objective is to compare four distinct dynamical downscaling approaches of a similar GCM product: CMIP, AMIP, HighResMIP, and a CORDEX downscaled ocean surface wind speed product corrected for SST and sea ice bias and variance. Of particular interest is the comparative performance between HighResMIP's 25km spatial resolution wind speed forcing and CORDEX's 10km resolution wind speed downscaling approach in replicating wind-wave climate extremes, as these products are currently the most appealing to downscaling wind wave climate extremes at the regional level. Our findings emphasize the critical importance of climate model wind-forcing downscaling for ensemble statistics of future regional extreme wave climate projections, which go beyond the sole impact of spatial resolution. Through detailed analysis, we describe the characteristics of each climate model's downscaled wind speed input that impacts wind wave climate extremes in a region characterized by diverse wind wave climate conditions, ranging from local wind sea to swell conditions. These insights are valuable for estimating both past and future projected coastal flooding and erosion patterns and hold relevance for coastal risk assessment studies.
MHD free convection flow of nanofluids inside a flush mounted heated square cavity containing a heat conducting triangular cylinder
Authors: Mahmuda Shaikh , Ali Mohammad Mokaddes 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A numerical investigation of free convection flow and heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid contained within a square cavity with partially heated, also cooled vertical walls influenced by a magnetic field has been conducted in this study. The cavity’s top and bottom horizontal walls are conceived to be adiabatic; furthermore, a heat-conducting triangular cylinder is positioned in the cavity's middle. Solving the dimensionless governing equations is done by adopting the Galerkin weighted residual method of finite element formulation. The impacts of leading parameters including Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), and solid-volume fraction of nanoparticles (0% ≤ ϕ ≤ 5%) on the velocity as well as temperature field are studied. Results are illustrated with regard to streamlines, isotherms, heat flux, and the average Nusselt number inside the cavity for the mentioned parameter. Outcomes demonstrated that affixing the nanoparticle volume fraction significantly diminishes the fluid velocity but augments the heat transfer. For the concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5%, respectively, it is roughly 2.17%, 6.51%, and 11.01% higher than base fluid water. In addition, the flow field is also found to be remarkably changing with a higher Rayleigh number. More discretely, the average Nusselt number enhances as the nanoparticle volume fraction and the Rayleigh number intensify, whereas with a higher Hartmann number, the opposite tendency is exhibited. For rising Rayleigh numbers, there has been a drop in heat transfer of 4.54% at Ha = 20, and of 12.56% and 23.28% at Ha = 50 and 100 in comparison to Ha = 0.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Variables among Egyptian patients with Opioid Use Disorder Only versus with Comorbid Gabapentin Use Disorder
Authors: Nagy Nahla , Mohsen Nesreen , Elrassas Hanan , Dardeer Nourhan , Elawady Sara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: There is increased clinical use of gabapentin, these trends appear to chronologically align with the opioid overdose crisis and particularly with the increased restrictions on opioid prescription. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the clinical variables, pain quality, and severity among patients with opioid use disorder as the main substance with and without gabapentin comorbid use. Methods: The research involved 60 patients diagnosed with substance use disorder, divided into two groups: opioid use as the main substance and opioid use with comorbid gabapentin. All Participants were assessed using various tools, including a semi-structured clinical addiction interview, the DSM-IV, the Addiction Severity Index, urine drug test, McGill Pain Questionnaire, and DN4 Questionnaire, in one interview setting Results: the study showed that pain relief was the main desirable effect in the Gabapentin group, with 66.2% of the group experiencing it. Euphoria was the desirable effect in the opioid group, while overdose was more common in the Gabapentin group. Respiratory complications were also more common in the Gabapentin group. Conclusion: The study concluded that patients with comorbid Gabapentin use disorder had higher incidences of overdose, history of pain, and significant neuropathic pain, while less abstinence.
Post flood image classification from satellite images using convolutional neural network
Authors: Kulkarni Sanket S , Mahapatra Ansuman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Floods are the most common natural disaster when excess water submerges the dry ground. Floods affect human lives, livestock, etc. Many people usually are stuck in flood-prone areas. To help the rescue team decide the prioritized rescue locations, this article classifies the flooded houses captured by satellite as completely or partially surrounded by flood water. This will help the rescue team decide on houses needing urgent attention. Therefore, this article uses various pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, such as Visual Graphics Group (VGG16), Residual Network (ResNet101v2), Densely Connected Convolutional Neural Network (DenseNet201), InceptionNetv3, etc., with optimized hyperparameters for post-flood image classification. ResNet101v2 obtained an accuracy of 86.87 %. This article also investigates many hybrid models by combining two pre-trained models in parallel. Among them, the hybrid CNN model using MobileNetv2 and DenseNet201 achieved an accuracy of 85.83 %.
Phenotypic variation among IR64 x TOG5681 rice (Oryza sativa x O. glaberrima) chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSL) in response to iron toxicity, and its associated QTLs
Authors: Dramé Khady Nani , Sikirou Mouritala , Saito Kazuki , Bocco Roland , Lorieux Mathias 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Iron (Fe) toxicity presents a significant challenge to rice production in lowland ecosystems globally. The identification of genetic factors responsible for Fe toxicity tolerance is crucial for the development of tolerant rice varieties. This study aimed to unravel the genetic bases of Fe toxicity tolerance using quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. We conducted phenotypic evaluations for Fe toxicity tolerance on 54 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) obtained from a cross between the moderately susceptible IR64 (O. sativa) and the tolerant donor TOG5681 (O. glaberrima) under Fe toxicity stress. QTL analysis was performed using agro-morphological traits and microsatellite genotypic data. High heritability estimates were observed for key traits such as leaf bronzing score (LBS) and grain yield. Several loci associated with agronomic traits, including plant height (qPH2.1), panicle number (qPN4.1), grain weight (qGW4.1), harvest index (qHI4.1), maturity (qMat6.1) and shoot weight (qSW6.1 and qSW11.1), were identified. Additionally, a major QTL (qLBS11.1) linked to leaf bronzing (LBS) was identified, housing the OsbHLHq11 gene involved in iron homeostasis regulation. A comparative analysis revealed colocation with previously reported QTLs, validating their significance. OsbHLHq11 was found to be conserved across diverse rice germplasm, including lowland NERICA (NEw RICe for Africa) varieties, which were developed through crossing O. sativaand O. glaberrima. The discovery of qLBS11.1 and the candidate gene OsbHLHq11 offers insights into the genetic mechanisms governing Fe toxicity tolerance, highlighting potential targets for breeding tolerant rice varieties using marker-assisted selection or genetic engineering strategies.
Application of the Knotting After Half-Side Threaded Anastomosis Method in free anterolateral thigh flap repair
Authors: Zhang Liyu , Yang Zongcheng , Peng Hui , Yan Guangxing , Wang Yi , Zhu Weizheng , Xiang Xianwang , Li Shutong , Yao Xinfeng , Liu Nianping , Sha Qing , Yu Qiaoni , Hu Yinlei , Chen Chuanjun , Zhou Yu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Backgrounds:
The prognosis of free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap repair is critically tied to the quality of vascular anastomosis. In this study, we introduced Knotting After Half-Side Threaded Anastomosis Method (KAHTAM) and conducted a comparative analysis to assess its performance in relation to the conventional Half-Side Interrupted Anastomosis Method (HIAM).
Methods
149 cases of ALT flap repair were included and our analysis encompassed the evaluation and comparison of variations in patients' general information, the state of the vascular lumen at the final stitch, outcomes of flap repair, complications, along with the surgical data of vascular anastomosis, and the clinical data of the surgery between two groups.
Results
Compared to the HIAM group, the KAHTAM group exhibited a larger and more distinct vascular lumen, leading to a higher success rate and fewer postoperative complications. The KAHTAM group also showed a superior immediate patency rate after the first anastomosis and a lower rate of supplementary sutures for blood leakage during arterial anastomosis. Additionally, the time for vascular anastomosis was shorter in the KAHTAM group.
Conclusions
The utilization of KAHTAM has showcased its potential in enhancing the overall quality of vascular anastomosis and improving the success rate and efficiency of free ALT flap repair.
Adsorption of Dyes Using From Blue Crab Shells
Authors: Özüdoğru Yeliz , Gönülaçar Selin , Yüz Esmanur 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the adsorption capacities of the acidic dye Congo red (CR) and the basic dye malachite green (MG), which are hazardous to the environment and human health in aquatic environments, using chitosan obtained from blue crab shells, considered as waste. By first extracting chitin and then chitosan from blue crabs, the maximum adsorption capacities of these dyes in aquatic solutions were investigated. Parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of MG/ CR, and temperature were analyzed. Characterization of the adsorbent was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR findings showed that hydrogen bonds and C = O and N-H bending contributed to the adsorption of MG / CR. The equilibrium data were analyzed with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and kinetic models were applied. The highest maximum adsorption capacities were 68 mgg-1 for CR at 250C and 140 mgg-1 for MG at 450C. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic for MG and exothermic for CR, respectively. These results show that MG dye has a higher adsorption capacity compared to CR using chitosan derived from blue crab shells.