bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrarater Reliability of Chest Expansion using Cloth Tape Measure Technique
Authors: Mohan Vikram , Dzulkifli Nurul Hafizah , Justine Maria , Haron Rohani , Joseph H Leonard , Rathinam Chandrasekar 
Published: November 2012

Objective: The Objective of this study was to determine the intrarater reliability of chest expansion at three different anatomical landmarks using a cloth tape measure among healthy peoples. Materials and Methods: 120 healthy male and female volunteers were evaluated on two occasions in different days. The measures consisted of chest expansion measurement at axilla, fourth intercostals and xiphoid levels. The measurements were taken in the standing position with the arms hanging sideways at all the three different anatomical landmarks. The test-retest reliability of the measurements was determined by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurements (SEMs). Results: An acceptable reliability was determined by ICC values greater than than 0.85 and SEMs less than 5%. The mean age of the subjects was 21.93 years. ICC of all measures ranged between 0.95 to 0.97 and SEMs were 1.9%, 1.8%, 1.5% at the axillary, fourth intercostals and xiphoid level respectively. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested that, the cloth tape measurement was reliable at all the three different anatomical landmarks of the chest wall. Therefore, this measurement technique could be used as an outcome measure for chest expansion in the management of cardiorespiratory conditions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i4.12602 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 04 Oct12
Knowledge of breast feeding among primigravida mothers
Authors: Mohite R V , Mohite V  R , Kakade S V 
Published: November 2012

Background : Breast feeding, the most natural way of infant feeding to satisfy nutritional, metabolic and psychological needs of the baby. Objectives : To assess the knowledge of breast feeding among primi- gravida mothers attending ante-natal clinic and to determine the association between socio-demographic variables with their knowledge. Materials and Methods : Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Ante-natal clinic of Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Center, Karad district Satara. Pre-tested structured proforma used to collect information from 590 married primi gravid mothers attending anti-natal clinic during study period by utilizing personal interview method. Statistical Analysis : socio-demographic frequency percentage distribution, knowledge scoreing and statistical association was analysed by using chi-square test. Results: Out of 590 primi gravida mothers,59.66% showed fair quality of knowledge about breast feeding. knowledge about rooming in, family support for breast feeding & burping after breast feeding was 97.7%, 95.4% , 93.5% however weaning, colostrums feed, hazards of bottle feeding and prelactal food was 84%, 82.7%,75.5% and 54% respectively. Statistical association was existed between age, education, religion, socio-economic status & occupation of respondents with their knowledge about breast feeding (?2=151.52, p < 0.0001*; ?2=211.27,p<0.0001*; ?2=133.91,p < 0.0001*; ?2=35.59,p < 0.0001* and ?2=131.04,p<0.0001*) respectively. Conclusion: knowledge of breast feeding among primi gravida mothers attending ANC clinic was of fair in quality. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i4.12603 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 04 Oct12
Plasma total homocysteine is not associated with peripheral neuropathy in a groups Bangladeshi type 2 diabetic subjects
Authors: Rahman MM , Hassan Z , Biswas KB , Bhowmik NB , Ali L 
Published: November 2012

Aims: The present study was undertaken to explore the relationship of plasma homocysteine in the pathogenesis of neuropathy in diabetic patients.Subjects and Methods: Forty two type 2 diabetic patients [22 with neuropathy (DN group) and 20 without neuropathy (DNN group)], age range between 35-70 years had relatively controlled glycemia and duration of diabetes 7-15 years, were studied. Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities and action potential amplitudes of peripheral nerves were determined by following standard protocol. HbA1c was estimated by modified HPLC (BIO-RAD Variant, USA). Serum C-peptide was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA), plasma total homocysteine by Fluorescent Polarization Immunoassay (FPIA). Results: Age, BMI and blood pressure of the study subjects were. Duration of diabetes between DN and DNN groups was comparable. DN group had significantly higher fasting glucose levels (9.8±3.8, mmol/l) compared to the DNN group (6.9±1.8, p=0.004). This trend was also reflected in the HbA1c level: 8.7± 2.1 vs 7.2±1.6 in DN group and DNN group respectively (p=0.009). The two diabetic groups had relatively higher absolute C-peptide level compared to the controls (p=ns). DN and DNN groups had significantly higher plasma homocysteine level compared to the Controls. But between the two diabetic groups no significant difference was observed. Ulnar and peroneal motor nerve conduction velocities and compound muscle action potentials in the diabetic neuropathy group significantly lower compared to diabetic counterpart and the controls. Ulnar and sural sensory nerve conduction velocities and action potentials were significantly lower in the diabetic neuropathy group compared to the diabetic counterpart and the controls. Plasma homocysteine did not show any correlation with nerve conduction velocities and action potential amplitudes.Conclusions: The data concluded that (i) Diabetic neuropathy may not be related to hyperhomocysteinemia in type 2 diabetic patients of Bangladeshi origin; (ii) Hyperglycemia, even at milder level, is related to neuronal dysfunction in these subjects; and (ii) Hyperinsulinemia don't seem to be prerequisite for neuropathy in these subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i4.12607 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 04 Oct12
Comparison of the Exeter Trauma Stem and the Thompson Hemiarthroplasty for Intracapsular Hip Fractures
Authors: Bidwai Amit S.C. , Willett Keith M. 
Published: November 2012

A planned change in the prosthesis used for hip hemiarthroplasty in one orthopaedic trauma unit from the Thompson prosthesis to the Exeter Trauma Stem (ETS) was studied. We completed a prospective continuous audit study comparing outcomes for patients undergoing the procedure before (766 patients) and after (388 patients) the change of practice. Outcomes measured included surgical complications (including infection or dislocation) and a postoperative radiographic review. There was no difference in the incidence of surgical complications between the groups, and no difference in ratings given to postoperative radiographs between both groups. In theory, the ETS may be easier to revise, should this be required in future, but in other respects the devices are comparable.
Therapeutic Penetrating Keratoplasty A Retrospective Analysis in Rural Population of Central India
Authors: Prakash Ajay , Singh Pranay , Shah Rahul P , Tripathi SK 
Published: November 2012

Purpose:-
To evaluate indications and outcome of Therapeutic Penetrating Keratoplasty(TPK) in rural population of central India.

Method:-
A retrospective review of 26 eyes of 26 patients who underwent TPK between January 2010 & March 2011 was done. The patients were reviewed for age, sex, indication of surgery, details of surgery, post-operative complications, anatomical integrity, visual outcome and graft clarity.

Result:-
Out of 26 patients, 22 were males and 4 were females, age range was between 16-70 years and mean follow up period was 6 months. The most common indication for TPK was perforated corneal ulcer of fungal origin. Pre-operative visual acuity ranged from perception of light (PL+) to 3/60. Post-operative visual acuity remained same in 6 eyes (23.1%), improved to < 6/60 in 7 eyes (26.9%), and was >6/60 in 13 eyes (50.0%), of which between 6/36 to 6/9 in 3 eyes. Anatomical integrity was achieved in all eyes (100%). Graft was clear in 13 (50%) eyes on last follow-up. Primary graft failure occurred in 3(11.5%) eyes, graft infection in 4 (15.3%) eyes and acute graft rejection in 2 (7.7%) eyes. One patient had graft dehiscence and 1 had wound leak, both required re-suturing. In 1 case re-graft was done and 1 case required Amniotic membrane transplant.

Conclusion:-
Therapeutic Penetrating Keratoplasty goes a long way by not only salvaging the eye and achieving anatomical integrity but also improves the patient's vision.
Premacular Subhyaloid Haemorrhage Drainage by Frequency-Doubled (532 nm) Nd:YAG Laser
Authors: Rathore MK , Tirkey Eva , Chandravanshi Shivcharan Lal , Rahud Jainendra Shivdas , Gupta Rachhana 
Published: November 2012

Aim:-
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of frequency-doubled Nd:YAG Laser hyaloidotomy in drainage of premacular subhyaloid haemorrhage of varied aetiology.

Methods:-
This was a retrospective study in which frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser was used for draining entrapped premacular subhyaloid haemorrhage of varied aetiology into the vitreous cavity in 22 eyes of 18 patients by a single surgeon over a period of one year. In this series, visual acuity improvement was defined as an improvement of three or more lines on Snellen′s visual acuity chart.

Results:-
We found best visual acuity improvement in cases of anaemic and Valsalva retinopathy and limited improvement in proliferative and non proliferative diabetic retinopathy despite successful drainage of haemorrhage. Three eyes required two sitting and four eyes required higher energy for drainage.

Conclusion:-
Frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) hyaloidotomy is a safe, simple and noninvasive procedure with a high success rate for the management of premacular subhyaloid haemorrhage. It is an effective, conservative and safer treatment modality for management of premacular subhyaloid haemorrhage.
Looking in the Same Manner but Seeing it Differently: Bottom‐up and Expertise Effects in Radiology
Authors: Kok Ellen M. , de Bruin Anique B. H. , Robben Simon G. F. , van Merriënboer Jeroen J. G. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryModels of expertise differences in radiology often do not take into account visual differences between diseases. This study investigates the bottom‐up effects of three types of images on viewing patterns of students, residents and radiologists: focal diseases (localized abnormality), diffuse diseases (distributed abnormality) and images showing no abnormalities (normal). Participants inspected conventional chest radiographs while their eye movements were recorded. Regardless of expertise, in focal diseases, participants fixated relatively long at specific locations, whereas in diffuse diseases, fixations were more dispersed and shorter. Moreover, for students, dispersion of fixations was higher on diffuse compared with normal images, whereas for residents and radiologists, dispersion was highest on normal images. Despite this difference, students showed relatively high performance on normal images but low performance on focal and diffuse images. Viewing patterns were strongly influenced by bottom‐up stimulus effects. Although viewing behavior of students was similar to that of radiologists, they lack knowledge that helps them diagnose the disease correctly. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using General Problem‐solving Strategies to Generate Ideas in Order to Solve Geography Problems
Authors: Youssef Amina , Ayres Paul , Sweller John 
Published: November 2012

SummaryIt is argued that some general problem‐solving strategies are a form of biologically primary knowledge (Geary, 2012) in that humans have acquired them over many generations and use them to solve novel problems. On the basis of this classification, cognitive load theory was used to predict that under certain conditions, novice learners could be taught to use such previously acquired strategies to solve a variety of domain‐specific problems. To test this prediction, forty‐five 14‐ to 15‐year‐old students were required to solve geography problems. During acquisition, one group of students was directed to use a general problem‐solving strategy based on generating as many ideas as possible, whereas a second group was required to problem‐solve conventionally. Results indicated that the general problem‐solving group solved more similar and transfer test problems than the conventional problem‐solving group. It was concluded that previously acquired general problem‐solving strategies can foster both learning and transfer, provided novice learners are directed to use them. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A New Family of Conformationally Constrained Bicyclic Diarylprolinol Silyl Ethers as Organocatalysts
Authors: Lombardo Marco , Montroni Elisa , Quintavalla Arianna , Trombini Claudio 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSimple chemical manipulations of trans‐4‐L‐hydroxy proline allow the access to a new family of bicyclic silyl ether organocatalysts that display some remarkable features. Apart from being extremely stable to hydrolytic conditions and possessing excellent catalytic performances, the rigidity of the bicyclic structure imposes a synclinal endo disposition of the bulky substituents with respect to the pyrrolidine ring, opposed to the more stable synclinal exo conformations of Jørgensen–Hayashi catalysts.
Skull Anatomy of the Bizarre Crocodylian Mourasuchus nativus (Alligatoridae, Caimaninae)
Authors: Bona Paula , Degrange Federico J. , Fernández Marta S. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMourasuchus is a Miocene alligatorid endemic to South America, and is represented by four species. Together with the closely related Purussaurus, it is a peculiar crocodylian taxon of neogene Caimaninae and one of the most bizarre forms among eusuchian crocodiles. The phylogenetic relationships between Mourasuchus species have not been explored, and detailed skull descriptions are scarce. The goal of this study is to provide new data on skull morphology and cranial recesses in Mourasuchus nativus, including a new tomography analysis (3D modeling). We observed that several diagnostic characters of Purussaurus, such as lack of contact between the nasal and lacrimal, separation of the nasal and frontal by the prefrontals, and the posterior dorsal margin of the skull table, are shared with Mourasuchus. M. nativus is characterized by the presence of solid transverse squamosal eminences, large posttemporal fenestrae, and a quadrate laterocaudal bridge separating V2‐V3 trigeminal openings. Compared with other crocodylians, the endocast of M. nativus is similar in shape but quite sigmoid in lateral view, the canal of the supraorbital ramus of V2 is more vertically oriented, the thick tympanic branch canal opens in a large foramen aligned with trigeminal foramen, and the canal of the vagal (X) tympanic ramus is also very wide. Contrary to extant alligatorids, the median pharyngeal recess remains paired throughout its course and only connects its opposite fellow near the external ventral opening. The knowledge of the internal skull anatomy of Mourasuchus contributes to the understanding of the general morphology of alligatorids, Caimaninae, and their variation. Anat Rec, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Facile synthesis and photophysical characterization of luminescent CdTe quantum dots for Forster resonance energy transfer based immunosensing of staphylococcal enterotoxin B
Authors: Vinayaka Aaydha C. , Thakur Munna S. 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTAqueous phase synthesis of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) with surface functionalization for bioconjugation remains the best approach for biosensing and bioimaging applications. We present a facile aqueous phase method to prepare CdTe QDs by adjusting precursor and ligand concentrations. CdTe QDs had photoluminescence quantum yield up to ≈33% with a narrow spectral distribution. The powder X‐ray diffraction profile elucidated characteristic broad peaks of zinc blende cubic CdTe nanoparticles with 2.5–3 nm average crystalline size having regular spherical morphology as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. Infra‐red spectroscopy confirmed disappearance of characteristic absorptions for –SH thiols inferring thiol coordinated CdTe nanoparticles. The effective molar concentration of 1 : 2.5 : 0.5 respectively for Cd2+/3‐mercaptopropionic acid/HTe– at pH 9 ± 0.2 resulted in CdTe quantum dots of 2.2–3.06 nm having band gap in the range 2.74–2.26 eV respectively. Later, QD523 and QD601 were used for monitoring staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB; a bacterial superantigen responsible for food poisoning) using Forster resonance energy transfer based two QD fluorescence. QD523 and QD601 were bioconjugated to anti‐SEB IgY antibody and SEB respectively according to carbodiimide protocol. The mutual affinity between SEB and anti‐SEB antibody was relied upon to obtain efficient energy transfer between respective QDs resulting in fluorescence quenching of QD523 and fluorescence enhancement of QD601. Presence of SEB in the range 1–0.05 µg varied the rate of fluorescence quenching of QD523, thereby demonstrating efficient use of QDs in the Forster resonance energy transfer based immunosensing method by engineering the QD size. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional nanoscale biomolecular materials
Authors: Dordick Jonathan S. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractVarious approaches have been developed to exploit the functional properties of proteins and the structural properties of nanoscale materials. These range from biomolecule‐nanomaterial hybrids and biocatalytically‐generated self‐assembled amphiphiles to protein‐based structural templates. This commentary by Jonathan Dordick, discusses the article by Douglas Clark and colleagues, in which the authors report a study on the extremophilic protein γ‐prefoldin (γPFD).See accompanying article by Dominic J. Glover et al. DOI: 10.1002/biot.201200009
Catalysis with CuII(bpy) improves alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment
Authors: Li Zhenglun , Chen Charles H. , Liu Tongjun , Mathrubootham Vaidyanathan , Hegg Eric L. , Hodge David B. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCopper(II) 2,2′‐bipyridine (CuII(bpy))‐catalyzed alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatment was performed on three biomass feedstocks including alkali pre‐extracted switchgrass, silver birch, and a hybrid poplar cultivar. This catalytic approach was found to improve the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of plant cell wall polysaccharides to monosaccharides for all biomass types at alkaline pH relative to uncatalyzed pretreatment. The hybrid poplar exhibited the most significant improvement in enzymatic hydrolysis with monomeric sugar release and conversions more than doubling from 30% to 61% glucan conversion, while lignin solubilization was increased from 36.6% to 50.2% and hemicellulose solubilization was increased from 14.9% to 32.7%. It was found that CuII(bpy)‐catalyzed AHP pretreatment of cellulose resulted in significantly more depolymerization than uncatalyzed AHP pretreatment (78.4% vs. 49.4% decrease in estimated degree of polymerization) and that carboxyl content the cellulose was significantly increased as well (fivefold increase vs. twofold increase). Together, these results indicate that CuII(bpy)‐catalyzed AHP pretreatment represents a promising route to biomass deconstruction for bioenergy applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1078–1086. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A PEGylated Fluorescent Turn‐On Sensor for Detecting Fluoride Ions in Totally Aqueous Media and Its Imaging in Live Cells
Authors: Zheng Fangyuan , Zeng Fang , Yu Changmin , Hou Xianfeng , Wu Shuizhu 
Published: November 2012

AbstractOwing to the considerable significance of fluoride anions for health and environmental issues, it is of great importance to develop methods that can rapidly, sensitively and selectively detect the fluoride anion in aqueous media and biological samples. Herein, we demonstrate a robust fluorescent turn‐on sensor for detecting the fluoride ion in a totally aqueous solution. In this study, a biocompatible hydrophilic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is incorporated into the sensing system to ensure water solubility and to enhance biocompatibility. tert‐Butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) groups were then covalently introduced onto the fluorescein moiety, which effectively quenched the fluorescence of the sensor. Upon addition of fluoride ion, the selective fluoride‐mediated cleavage of the SiO bond leads to the recovery of the fluorescein moiety, resulting in a dramatic increase in fluorescence intensity under visible light excitation. The sensor is responsive and highly selective for the fluoride anion over other common anions; it also exhibits a very low detection limit of 19 ppb. In addition, this sensor is operative in some real samples such as running water, urine, and serum and can accurately detect fluoride ions in these samples. The cytotoxicity of the sensor was determined to be Grade I toxicity according to United States Pharmacopoeia and ISO 10993‐5, suggesting the very low cytotoxicity of the sensor. Moreover, it was found that the senor could be readily internalized by both HeLa and L929 cells and the sensor could be utilized to track fluoride level changes inside the cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Ionic Conductivity of the Molybdenum Arsenate: Ag12.4Na1.6Mo18As4O71 .
Authors: Hajji M. , Zid M. F. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCrystals and polycrystalline powders of the title compound are prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of (NH4)3AsO4, (NH4)2Mo4O13, AgNO3, and Na2CO3 (673 K for 24 h and 793 K for 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Decomposition and Recovery Behaviors of Layered Gadolinium Hydroxychloride.
Authors: Lee Seoung‐Soo , Lee Byung‐Il , Kim Seung‐joo , Byeon Song‐Ho , Kang Jun‐Kun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCombined analyses of thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and mass spectrometry reveals that the thermal decomposition of Gd2(OH)5Cl·nH2O to Gd2O3 and GdOCl is completed at 1050 °C under atmospheric air containing a considerable amount of water.
ChemInform Abstract: BaSi4O6N2 — A Hexacelsian‐Type Layered Oxonitridosilicate.
Authors: Braun Cordula , Ehrenberg Helmut , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe new title compound is prepared from BaSi2O2N2 powder (obtained from BaCO3 and α‐Si3N4 at 1350 °C for 1 h) using the multi‐anvil technique (h‐BN capsule, 14 GPa, 1000 °C, 12 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Titanyl Iodate — A Promising Material for Infrared Nonlinear Optics Showing Structural Similarities with KTP.
Authors: Suffren Yan , Gautier‐Luneau Isabelle 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTiO(IO3)2 is synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of TiOSO4 and HIO3 (autoclave, 220 °C, 24 h, 60% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Synthesis of Strained Bicyclic Carboxylic and Boronic Amino Esters via Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Tandem Carbene Addition/Cyclopropanation of Enynes.
Authors: Vovard‐Le Bray Chloe , Klein Hubert , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Mace Aurelie , Berree Fabienne , Carboni Bertrand , Derien Sylvie 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA variety of 1,6‐ and 1,7‐enynes are examined in the reaction with silyldiazomethane (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Optically Active 4‐Substituted 2‐Cyclohexenones.
Authors: Houjeiry Tania I. , Poe Sarah L. , McQuade D. Tyler 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe pyrrolidine efficiently promotes the cyclization of keto aldehydes of type (I) to afford various 4‐substituted 2‐cyclohexenones.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Alkyllithium Reagents to Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Fernandez‐Mateos Emilio , Macia Beatriz , Yus Miguel 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFor the first time a simple, mild, and fast one‐pot procedure for the synthesis of highly valuable optically active alcohols from economical and commercially available lithium reagents is presented.