bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSTIC COLPOSCOPIC ACCURACY BY THE GYNOCULAR AND A STATIONARY COLPOSCOPE
Authors: Kallner Helena Kopp , Persson Maria , Thuresson Marcus , Altman Daniel , Shemer Isaac , Thorsell Malin , Shemer Elisabeth Andrea Wikström 
Published: June 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sensitivity and specificity of cervical lesions by the low-cost, portable Gynocular colposcope and a stationary colposcope, in women referred for colposcopy with abnormal cervical cytology.Methods: A randomized cross-over clinical trial for evaluating the diagnostic accuracy in detecting cervical lesions by the Gynocular and a stationary colposcope. The Swede score systematic colposcopy system was used for evaluation of colposcopic abnormalities. Directed punch biopsy and excisional cone biopsy were used as the “gold-standard” by histologically confirmed high grade cervical lesions CIN2+ (CIN2, CIN3, CIN3+). In total, 123 women referred for colposcopy due to abnormal cervical cytology were recruited at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. The percentage agreement and the kappa statistic were calculated for Swede score by the Gynocular and a stationary colposcope. Swede scores were compared with the results from directed punch biopsy and excisional cone biopsy.Results: The Gynocular and the stationary colposcope had a high agreement of Swede scores with a Kappa statistic of 0.947, p < .0001. Punch biopsy diagnosed CIN2+ (CIN2, CIN3, and invasive cancer) in 44 (35.7 percent) women while cytology detected CIN2+ in 34 (27.6 percent) women. There were no significant differences of the sensitivity and specificity for different Swede scores by the Gynocular or a stationary colposcope in detecting CIN 2+.Conclusions: There were no significant differences in sensitivity or specificity in detecting cervical lesions by the Gynocular or stationary colposcope. The Gynocular is as accurate in diagnosing cervical lesions as a stationary colposcope.
The structure of the folded domain from the signature multifunctional protein ICP27 from herpes simplex virus-1 reveals an intertwined dimer
Authors: Tunnicliffe Richard B. , Schacht Mitchell , Levy Colin , Jowitt Thomas A. , Sandri-Goldin Rozanne M. , Golovanov Alexander P. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHerpesviruses cause life-long infections by evading the host immune system and establishing latent infections. All mammalian herpesviruses express an essential multifunctional protein that is typified by ICP27 encoded by Herpes Simplex Virus 1. The only region that is conserved among the diverse members of the ICP27 family is a predicted globular domain that has been termed the ICP27 homology domain. Here we present the first crystal structure of the ICP27 homology domain, solved to 1.9 Å resolution. The protein is a homo-dimer, adopting a novel intertwined fold with one CHCC zinc-binding site per monomer. The dimerization, which was independently confirmed by SEC-MALS and AUC, is stabilized by an extensive network of intermolecular contacts and a domain-swap involving the two N-terminal helices and C-terminal tails. Each monomer contains a lid motif that can clamp the C-terminal tail of its dimeric binding partner against its globular core, without forming any distinct secondary structure elements. The binding interface was probed with point mutations, none of which had a noticeable effect on dimer formation; however deletion of the C-terminal tail region prevented dimer formation in vivo. The structure provides a template for future biochemical studies and modelling of ICP27 homologs from other herpesviruses.
Serials use in post graduates’ dissertations of pharmaceutical sciences: collection building by citation analysis
Authors: Nagaraja Aragudige , Prashanth A.B 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– This study aims to analyze the resources used in the citations of 156 postgraduate dissertations submitted to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS) through the Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy (ABMRCP), and prepares the core journal list according to the Bradford’s law of scattering. For any research and academic institutional libraries, books and journals are considered as key resources. As the resources are more and diverse, collection building is a tough task for librarians. Citation analysis is one of the best methods to list the most used resources by the users. The paper highlights the extent use of in-house resources and open access journals in the citations.Design/methodology/approach– Citations of PG dissertations during 2010-2013 (four years) were compiled, the data about the resources cited in each were taken and the list of resources used in PG dissertations was prepared. The list of core journals obtained by citation analysis was matched with the list of online journals provided by Health Science Library & Information Network (HELINET) of RGUHS as well as print list of journals subscribed by ABMRCP Library, and evaluated the print and online consortia journals used by ABMRCP community. The list of core journals’ ranking in the SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) list-pharmaceutical sciences was identified to know the impact of the journals.Findings– The study gives the list of different information resources cited in the pharmacy dissertations. The core list obtained by applying the Bradford’s law of scattering in this study has 19 journals pertaining to pharmacy. After matching the core list with the Keogh’s list, it is found that 31 journals can be considered very useful in the field of pharmacy. Twelve journals listed in the core list have different positions in the SJR ranking 2013. The results indicate that open-access journals with online journals subscribed through HELINET and print holdings have been cited more in the PG dissertations.Originality/value– The topic of journal use in this case may be of greatest interest to those who purchase journals in the sciences and, very specifically, the pharmaceutical sciences.
Health transition in India: does data on causes of death reveal trends, patterns and determinants?
Authors: Agrawal Gopal 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– Twenty-first century has dawned with substantial achievements in population health outcome indicators in India. However, very little is known on patterns in causes of death in India. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approach– In this paper, data was drawn from two sources namely, National Family Health Survey (NFHS-1, 1992-1993 and NFHS-2, 1998-1999) and published reports of Survey of Cause of Death (Rural). Three-years moving average causes-of-death estimates were calculated based on World Health Organization classification of causes of death. Negative binomial regression models were fitted to capture the effect of socio-demographic and behavioural determinants of patterns in causes of death.Findings– The leading causes of death were heart diseases, tuberculosis, asthma, paralysis, prematurity and cancer. Three-fifth of the deaths to children under the age of ten was from communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions. On the other hand, about two-third persons aged 45 years and above were dying from non-communicable diseases. Female were at greater risk of dying from non-communicable diseases (IRR: 1.22, 95 per cent CI: 1.11-1.34,p< 0.001).Research limitations/implications– The epidemiologic transition in India has produced a shift in mortality from communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions to non-communicable diseases, with little or no role played by injuries regardless of the level of all-cause mortality. Coupled with the effects of population age structures, other factors were also responsible for the bulk of the inter-regional disparities. These factors include differences in the populations’ health risks associated with the natural or built environments, prevalence of behavioural risk factors, or gaps in the capacities of health systems to respond to specific disease challenges, social stratification and others.Originality/value– This paper described the trends, patterns and geographic variability in India’s causes-of-death profile in terms of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases and injuries, and socio-economic and demographic determinants of patterns in the profile.
Seasonal variation in detection of oesophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic oesophagitis
Authors: Jensen E. T. , Shah N. D. , Hoffman K. , Sonnenberg A. , Genta R. M. , Dellon E. S. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryBackgroundSeasonal variation has been reported in diagnosis of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE), but results are not consistent across studies and there are no national‐level data in the USA.AimTo determine if there is seasonal variation in diagnosis of oesophageal eosinophilia and EoE in the USA, while accounting for factors such as climate zone and geographic variation.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study using a USA national pathology database. Patients with oesophageal eosinophilia (≥15 eosinophils per high‐power field) comprised the primary case definition and were compared to those with normal oesophageal biopsies. We calculated the crude and adjusted odds of oesophageal eosinophilia by season, as well as by day of the year. Sensitivity analyses were performed using more restrictive case definitions of EoE, and after stratification by climate zone.ResultsExactly, 14 524 cases with oesophageal eosinophilia and 90 459 normal controls were analysed. The adjusted odds of oesophageal eosinophilia were higher in the late spring and summer months, with the highest odds in July (aOR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03–1.24). These findings persisted with increasing levels of oesophageal eosinophilia, as well as across EoE case definitions. Seasonal variation was strongest in temperate and cold climates, and peak diagnosis varied by climate zone.ConclusionsThere is a mild but consistent seasonal variation in the diagnosis of oesophageal eosinophilia and EoE, with cases more frequently diagnosed during summer months. These findings take into account climate and geographic differences, suggesting that aeroallergens may contribute to disease development or flare.
Incorporating social preferences into the ecological limits of hydrologic alteration (ELOHA): a case study in the Yampa‐White River basin, Colorado
Authors: Martin David M. , Labadie John W. , Poff N. LeRoy 
Published: June 2015

Summary

River management involves satisfying societal preferences alongside environmental needs for a healthy river ecosystem. Environmental flows is a discipline that aims to define streamflow requirements that achieve desired social and ecological conditions in rivers.

The ecological limits of hydrologic alteration (ELOHA) framework takes a regional approach towards assessing relationships between human‐caused river flow alterations and social–ecological benefits. ELOHA allows for, but does not specify, a social process with practical guidelines for incorporating social preferences into environmental flow management problems. Studies using the ELOHA framework are being performed around the world.

This study presents development of a decision support tool to prioritise river basin criteria and to rank river segments in order of combined hydro‐ecological and social environmental flow needs. We integrate this tool with hydro‐ecological components of an ELOHA application in the Yampa–White River basin in north‐west Colorado. Stakeholder preferences were collected with a survey, and the analytic hierarchy process was applied to estimate the importance of five criteria identified as socially valued proxies of freshwater management in the basin. Analytical methods for multicriteria decision analysis were used to integrate the preference information with results from the ELOHA application to prioritise the basin river segments.

Our methods and results provide a means to facilitate stakeholder negotiation and future environmental flow policy analyses. By extending the existing ELOHA framework to include a social preference component, this approach is general and can be applied to environmental flow policy and management in other river basins.
Factors Affecting the Compaction and Densification Behavior of Ti(C, N)‐Based Cermet Powders
Authors: Lei Yan , Wu Runni , Yang Bing , Xia Re 
Published: June 2015

In this study, the effects of the major factors on compaction and densification behavior are investigated for Ti(C, N)‐based cermet powders. The relative density equation for green compact of composite powders is modified to predict the green density of Ti(C, N)‐based cermet powders prepared under different degrees of pressing pressures, and the theoretical values are found to be in good agreement with experimental results. It has been found that the composite powders with micron‐sized particles have a better compatibility than those with nano‐sized particles by analyzing the effects of the particle size and purity on the starting mono‐powders. It has also been found that the volume shrinkage and porosity of the former are lower than that of the latter. In addition, it shows that high oxygen content has a negative impact on both the compatibility of composite powders and the uniformity of pore size distribution of sintered cermets. It has also been discussed in this study how the pressing parameters such as pressing pressure, pressing temperature, and dwell time influence the resulting cermets. The results indicate that a better compatibity is reached at a pressing rate of 100 mm/min or a pressing temperature of 100°C.
Effect of hypnosis on masseter EMG recorded during the ‘resting’ and a slightly open jaw posture
Authors: Al‐Enaizan N. , Davey K. J. , Lyons M. F. , Cadden S. W. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThe aim of this experimental study was to determine whether minimal levels of electromyographic activity in the masseter muscle are altered when individuals are in a verified hypnotic state.Experiments were performed on 17 volunteer subjects (8 male, 9 female) all of whom gave informed consent. The subjects were dentate and had no symptoms of pain or masticatory dysfunction. Surface electromyograms (EMGs) were made from the masseter muscles and quantified by integration following full‐wave rectification and averaging. The EMGs were obtained (i) with the mandible in ‘resting’ posture; (ii) with the mandible voluntarily lowered (but with the lips closed); (iii) during maximum voluntary clenching (MVC). The first two recordings were made before, during and after the subjects were in a hypnotic state. Susceptibility to hypnosis was assessed with Spiegel's eye‐roll test, and the existence of the hypnotic state was verified by changes in ventilatory pattern.On average, EMG levels expressed as percentages of MVC were less: (i) when the jaw was deliberately lowered as opposed to being in the postural position: (ii) during hypnosis compared with during the pre‐ and post‐hypnotic periods. However, analysis of variance followed by post hoc tests with multiple comparison corrections (Bonferroni) revealed that only the differences between the level during hypnosis and those before and after hypnosis were statistically significant (P < 0·05).As the level of masseter EMG when the mandible was in ‘resting’ posture was reduced by hypnosis, it appears that part of that EMG is of biological origin.
Heinrich Schenker and the Photogram Archive
Authors: DEISINGER MARKO 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIn 1927 Anthony van Hoboken, at Heinrich Schenker's urging, founded the Archive for Photograms of Musical Master Manuscripts, the goal of which was to collect photographic reproductions of the autograph manuscripts of famous composers so that they could be made generally available for the purposes of study and preparing editions without the originals themselves being susceptible to damage. The administration of the Archive required a Board of Trustees, on which Schenker and the music historian Robert Haas sat under Hoboken's chairmanship. After the official inauguration of the Archive in October 1927, Hoboken and the Board of Trustees sent out an Appeal to publicise their intentions; this was followed by a radio broadcast, given by Otto Erich Deutsch, and several magazine articles which called attention to the new institution.In the years that followed, there were repeated conflicts of interest among the trustees. Tensions arose, for instance, in connection with the International Schubert Congress of 1928, organised by Hoboken and Haas under the auspices of the Archive, in which Schenker refused to participate. A collected edition of the works of C. P. E. Bach, planned in 1930, never materialised: Schenker could not be persuaded to act as one of its editors. A crisis was reached in 1932, when Hoboken drastically reduced his annual financial contribution to the enterprise. Nonetheless, the Archive developed into an internationally recognised centre for musical documentation, whose holdings steadily increased over time.
Pregnancy Hyperglycaemia and Risk of Prenatal and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Huang Tianyi , Rifas‐Shiman Sheryl L. , Ertel Karen A. , Rich‐Edwards Janet , Kleinman Ken , Gillman Matthew W. , Oken Emily , James‐Todd Tamarra 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundGlucose dysregulation in pregnancy may affect maternal depressive symptoms during the prenatal and postpartum periods via both physiologic and psychological pathways.MethodsDuring mid‐pregnancy, a combination of 50‐g 1‐h non‐fasting glucose challenge test (GCT) and 100‐g 3‐h fasting oral glucose tolerance test was used to determine pregnancy glycaemic status among women participating in Project Viva: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), isolated hyperglycaemia (IHG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), we assessed depressive symptoms at mid‐pregnancy and again at 6 months postpartum. We used logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle factors, to estimate the odds of elevated prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms (EPDS ≥ 13 on 0–30 scale) in relation to GCT glucose levels and GDM status in separate models.ResultsA total of 9.6% of women showed prenatal and 8.4% postpartum depressive symptoms. Women with higher GCT glucose levels were at greater odds of elevated prenatal depressive symptoms [multivariable‐adjusted odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) increase in glucose levels (27 mg/dL): 1.25; 95%: 1.07, 1.48]. Compared with NGT women, the association appeared stronger among women with IHG [OR: 1.80; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 3.00] than among those with GDM (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 0.72, 2.91) or IGT (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 0.59, 3.46). Neither glucose levels assessed from the GCT nor pregnancy glycaemic status were significantly associated with elevated postpartum depressive symptoms.ConclusionPregnancy hyperglycaemia was cross‐sectionally associated with higher risk of prenatal depressive symptoms, but not with postpartum depressive symptoms.
The Canonical Immediate Early 3 Gene Product pIE611 of Mouse Cytomegalovirus Is Dispensable for Viral Replication but Mediates Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation of Viral Gene Products
Authors: Rattay Stephanie , Trilling Mirko , Megger Dominik A. , Sitek Barbara , Meyer Helmut E. , Hengel Hartmut , Le-Trilling Vu Thuy Khanh 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Transcription of mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) immediate early
ie1
and
ie3
is controlled by the major immediate early promoter/enhancer (MIEP) and requires differential splicing. Based on complete loss of genome replication of an MCMV mutant carrying a deletion of the
ie3
-specific exon 5, the multifunctional IE3 protein (611 amino acids; pIE611) is considered essential for viral replication. Our analysis of
ie3
transcription resulted in the identification of novel
ie3
isoforms derived from alternatively spliced
ie3
transcripts. Construction of an IE3-hemagglutinin (IE3-HA) virus by insertion of an in-frame HA epitope sequence allowed detection of the IE3 isoforms in infected cells, verifying that the newly identified transcripts code for proteins. This prompted the construction of an MCMV mutant lacking
ie611
but retaining the coding capacity for the newly identified isoforms
ie453
and
ie310
. Using Δ
ie611
MCMV, we demonstrated the dispensability of the canonical
ie3
gene product pIE611 for viral replication. To determine the role of pIE611 for viral gene expression during MCMV infection in an unbiased global approach, we used label-free quantitative mass spectrometry to delineate pIE611-dependent changes of the MCMV proteome. Interestingly, further analysis revealed transcriptional as well as posttranscriptional regulation of MCMV gene products by pIE611.

IMPORTANCE
Cytomegaloviruses are pathogenic betaherpesviruses persisting in a lifelong latency from which reactivation can occur under conditions of immunosuppression, immunoimmaturity, or inflammation. The switch from latency to reactivation requires expression of immediate early genes. Therefore, understanding of immediate early gene regulation might add insights into viral pathogenesis. The mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) immediate early 3 protein (611 amino acids; pIE611) is considered essential for viral replication. The identification of novel protein isoforms derived from alternatively spliced
ie3
transcripts prompted the construction of an MCMV mutant lacking
ie611
but retaining the coding capacity for the newly identified isoforms
ie453
and
ie310
. Using Δ
ie611
MCMV, we demonstrated the dispensability of the canonical
ie3
gene product pIE611 for viral replication and delineated pIE611-dependent changes of the MCMV proteome. Our findings have fundamental implications for the interpretation of earlier studies on pIE3 functions and highlight the complex orchestration of MCMV gene regulation.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ РУХУ ФЛАКОНА ПО ПОХИЛИХ ПОВЕРХНЯХ У ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОМУ ВИРОБНИЦТВІ
Authors: Кравець Н.О. 
Published: June 2015

The article discusses the features of transition vials of different diameters at the transitioonal bridge with sloping work surfaces, built mathematical models that take into account the peculiarities of motion, described the critical acceleration vials in which there is a loss of stability
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Hydatid Cysts
Authors: von Sinner W. N. , Nyman R. , Linjawi T. , Ali A. M. 
Published: June 2015

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was performed in 31 patients with hydatid disease by 15 operators in 41 biopsy events during the period 1983–93. The FNABs were unintentionally done without prior clinical suspicion of hydatid cysts (HCs) in 18 patients and intentionally (with prior clinical suspicion of HC) in 13 patients for pathologic confirmation required for specific therapy. The FNABs were performed with the guidance of fluoroscopy (n=7), CT (n= 14) or ultrasonography (n= 10). The material included both closed, open and ruptured HCs from different locations such as abdomen, thorax, spine and bone. Pathologic confirmation of HC was achieved by recovering and demonstrating parasitic material in the specimen. In only 7 of 31 patients were the specimens diagnostic at the initial interpretation. This emphasizes the importance of alerting the pathologist about the possibility of hydatid disease. In 25 of 31 patients (81%) no biopsy reactions occurred. In 5 patients minor allergic reactions occurred and 3 had filling of air into intrathoracic cysts not requiring therapy. One patient, with a FNAB of a liver HC, had a sudden severe drop in blood pressure, which required anti-shock therapy with subsequent recovery without sequelae. All complications occurred with non-intentional biopsy of HC. Suggestions for diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with HC and advice to avoid or limit potential complications or spread of disease are given where a planned biopsy is necessary for appropriate and effective therapy.