bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presenting natural continuous speech in a multisensory immersive environment improves speech comprehension and reflects the allocation of processing resources in neural speech tracking.
Authors: Frei Vanessa , Giroud Nathalie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Successful speech comprehension, though seemingly effortless, involves complex interactions between sensory and cognitive processing and is predominantly embedded in a multisensory context, providing acoustic and visual speech cues. Adding the perspective of ageing, the interaction becomes even more manyfold. The impact of cognitive load on speech processing has been investigated, however, characterized by a lack of realistic speech material and multimodality. In this study, we therefore investigated the effects of memory load on naturalistic immersive audiovisual speech comprehension in older adults with varying degrees of hearing impairment and cognitive capacities. By providing natural continuous multisensory speech, provided through virtual reality, we created an immersive three-dimensional visual of the speaker, and manipulated the memory load of the natural running speech inspired by a traditional n-back task. This allowed us to neural speech envelope tracking via EEG and behavioural speech comprehension in varying modalities and memory loads in a highly controllable environment, while offering a realistic conversational experience. Neural speech tracking depends on an interaction between modality and memory load, moderated by auditory working memory capacity (AWM). Under low memory load, there is an increase in neural speech tracking in the immersive modality, particularly strong for individuals with low AWM. Visually induced performance improvement is observed similarly in high and low memory load settings on a behavioural level. We argue that this dynamic reflects an allocation process of sensory- and cognitive processing resources depending on the presented sensory- and cognitive load of natural continuous speech and individual capacities.
Spin injection in graphene using ferromagnetic indium-cobalt van der Waals contacts
Authors: Sarkar Soumya , Oh Saeyoung , Newton Peter J. , Li Yang , Zhu Yiru , Ghani Maheera Abdul , Yan Han , Jeong Hu Young , Wang Yan , Chhowalla Manish 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Graphene based spintronic devices require efficient spin injection and collection. Oxide dielectric tunnel barriers obtained by direct deposition or oxidizing thin metal films are typically used to facilitate spin injection. However, the yield of working devices with such tunnel barriers is low (typically 5-10%) as direct growth of oxides on dangling bond free 2D surfaces is challenging. Here we report a robust and simple method for spin injection in graphene lateral spin valves (LSVs) using ferromagnetic (FM) van der Waals (vdW) contacts of indium and cobalt (In/Co) that does not require deposition of dielectric tunnel barriers. We obtain magnetoresistance (MR) values of 1.5 % + 0.5% (spin signal ~ 50 ohms) - comparable to state-of-the-art graphene LSVs with oxide tunnel barriers – with a working device yield of >70% with FM In/Co vdW contacts. In contrast, LSVs with contacts containing only Co are highly inefficient and in the best cases show an MR ~ 0.2% (spin signal ≤ 3 ohms, only 10% devices work). The contact resistance of FM In/Co vdW contacts is 2 – 5 kohms, making them compatible for integration with complementary metal oxide semiconductor devices for electrical switching. Our results promise facile and high yield fabrication of spintronic devices using direct deposition of In/Co vdW contacts.
Evaluation of The Relationships of Liraglutite, Red Yeast Rice And Atorvastatin With Metabolic Parameters In Rats Feed With A High-Fat Diet
Authors: SEDEFOĞLU GÜLBAHAR , YILDIRIM Duygu İlke , Akyürek Fikret 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the effects of RYR (Red Yeast Rice), liraglutide and atorvastatin on metabolic parameters in rats fed a HFD (High-Fat Diet).Methods At the end of the study, FPG (Fasting Plasma Glucose), C-LDL (LDL Cholesterol), TC (Total Cholesterol), TG (Triglyceride) levels, AIP (Atherogenic Index of Plasma) and TyG (Triglyceride Glucose Index) indices of the rats were compared.Results The C-LDL level of the group fed with HFD and given RYR in the last 4 weeks decreased significantly compared to the CG group fed only with HFD for 10 weeks (p < 0.001). Liraglutide significantly reduced TGs, TyG index and AIP index compared to HFD-fed CG alone (p < 0.001).Conclusion As a result of sufficient studies on RYR, RYR supplementation may be considered in addition to oral drug therapy for patients with hyperlipidemia. When used in accordance with its indication. Liraglutide can be reduce the AIP value as well as the single-parameter lipid values ​​measured for the risk of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, which are the causes of cardiovascular diseases.
Teaching Math: A Review of Effective Teaching and Learning Strategies in Higher Education
Authors: Castillo Darwin , Carrión Javier , Chamba Cristian , Jiménez Yuliana , Rodríguez-Álvarez María José , Lakshminarayanan Vasudevan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The enduring challenge of facilitating profound knowledge acquisition and meaningful learning of mathematical concepts has been a constant throughout contemporary and historical educational contexts. This issue is particularly pronounced at higher education levels, where many students struggle to connect theoretical mathematical concepts with practical applications in their professional careers. In this context, our research undertakes a systematic review of scientific literature from 2020 onwards, critically examining diverse pedagogical strategies to enhance the efficiency and depth of mathematical learning. Our findings indicate a marked prevalence of semiotic representations and gamification in the literature. Semiotic representations emerge as a potent strategy for achieving deep cognitive engagement and a thorough understanding of mathematical concepts. Gamification, as an active learning method, proves to be a highly effective approach for enhancing student engagement and motivation, thereby helping students overcome their apprehension towards mathematics. Furthermore, the literature underscores the crucial role of educator training in successfully implementing these strategies. The evidence suggests that a synergistic combination of semiotic representations and gamification could significantly enhance students’ mathematical learning experiences, fostering a meaningful understanding firmly rooted in real-world problem-solving. This integrated approach holds substantial promise for advancing educational outcomes and better-preparing students for the practical demands of their professional lives.
Postharvest VeSolution Treatment Reduced the Rot Progression and In-Transit Rotting of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fruits during Long Distance Transportation
Authors: Shricharan Senthilkumar , Deenadayalan Akshay Ramaswamy , Vadher Bhavesh , Hemanth Kumar J , Bhattacharjee Arghyadeep Ashok 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pomegranate is of considerable economic significance, with Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Gujarat serving as the primary cultivation regions. In spite of the high production levels, postharvest losses are serious, with certain fruits experiencing fruit cracking, fungal infections, and poor handling during transportation, resulting in postharvest losses of up to 35%. Therefore, the present investigation examined the effectiveness of VeSolution in reducing these losses. The investigation entailed the isolation and identification of fungal pathogens from pomegranates that were infected. Aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp., and Coinella sp. were identified as the fungi that were associated with pomegranate fruit rotting. Following this, VeSolution's antifungal properties were assessed in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that the growth of fungal colony was substantially inhibited by the 2% and 5% concentrations of VeSolution. The fruits rot development and progression were effectively restricted by the 2% VeSolution, as confirmed by in vivo assessments. Subsequent pilot and large-scale trials demonstrated that 1% VeSolution substantially reduced rot during longer transportation periods, thereby retaining the quality and reducing fruit rotting for up to 84 hours. These results emphasis VeSolution as a viable and non-toxic alternative to conventional synthetic fungicides for maintaining the postharvest quality of pomegranates.
The Neuro-Healing Frontier: Alpha-Mangostin's Potential in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Treatment
Authors: Goyal Ahsas , Agrawal Nandini , Agrawal Neetu , Verma Aanchal , Solanki Kunal , Yadav Harlokesh Narayan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
Neurodegenerative disorders represent a set of advancing, severe, and incapacitating
conditions impacting millions globally, with a rising prevalence. Despite concerted efforts and
an enhanced understanding of the intricate pathophysiology of neurodegeneration, the quest for
effective treatments remains unfulfilled. Consequently, there exists a pressing clinical necessity
for the exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. Alpha-mangostin has exhibited beneficial
effects in alleviating the severity of neurodegenerative disorders, primarily attributed to its
antioxidant properties. Alpha-mangostin showcases diverse pharmacological effects, encompassing
anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, and antioxidant effects. Consequently, it has surfaced as
a promising remedy with both prophylactic and restorative impacts on various neurodegenerative
ailments. Recent research has illuminated the therapeutic targets of alpha-mangostin, suggesting
its potential utility in addressing neurodegeneration. This review showcases the neuroprotective
effects of alpha-mangostin. Drawing from numerous preliminary studies and taking
into account the compound's remedial effects, the primary focus is on its role as a health-giving
compound for the therapy of diseases associated with the degeneration of the nervous system.
Given the substantial evidence supporting its efficacy in various experimental models, this review
advocates for further investigations, with a special highlight on elucidating neuroprotective
mechanisms and conducting clinical trials to validate its effectiveness in managing Alzheimer's
disease as well as Parkinson's disease.
Exploring the Mechanism of Shen Qi Gui Oral Liquid against Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression in Cancer Patients Based on Network
Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wan Feng , Zheng Qiao , Zhou Tiecheng , Zhou Hang , Peng Fu , Yao Dejiao , Peng Cheng 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Shen Qi Gui oral liquid (SQG) may be beneficial for chemotherapyinduced
myelosuppression (CIM). However, the underlying mechanism of CIM treated with
SQG is still lacking.

Methods:
A total of 27 blood samples from cancer patients were selected to perform RNA-seq to
obtain the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). Then, the active components and target genes
of SQG were acquired. Next, the drug targets and DEGs were intersected to obtain the intersection
genes, followed by functional enrichment analysis and construction of a drug-compoundgene-
disease network. Subsequently, core genes were selected. Then, immune cell infiltration,
molecular docking, pharmacokinetic and toxicity prediction, and RT-qPCR were performed.

Results:
A total of 1,341 DEGs, 51 active compounds, and 264 target genes were identified.
Then, 30 intersection genes were acquired. Next, a drug-compound-gene-disease network was
constructed, and 7 core genes were acquired. Immune infiltration analysis exhibited that only T
follicular helper cells were significantly increased in the CIM group, which was significantly
negatively correlated with MAPK1, MAPK14, MCL1, PTEN, and PTGS2. The luteolin, quercetin,
and beta-sitosterol showed better affinity with core genes. Luteolin and quercetin, which satisfied
Lipinski's rule of five, were likely absorbed by the gastrointestinal system. Toxicity predictions
showed that neither luteolin nor quercetin exhibited carcinogenicity or hepatotoxicity.

Conclusion:
PTEN, PTGS2, CCL2, FOS, MCL1, MAPK1, and MAPK14 were identified as the
core genes in CIM patients, which were involved in the MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.
Luteolin and quercetin may be the promising drugs against CIM.
Successful Treatment of Switching EGFR-TKIs for Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma
Due to Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Zeng Xianghua , Wang Ting , Tang Ying , Liao Xingyun , Wang Jianghong , Li Yongsheng 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Icotinib and almonertinib are efficacious for non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC) factor patients with epidermal growth receptor (EGFR)-mutation. Patients who previously
used EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI) may switch to another one due to the adverse
events.

Case Presentation:
Here, we report a case of a 73-year-old male patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma
in which an EGFR (exon 21 L858R substitution) was found. Icotinib (125mg three
times daily) was administered initially. He achieved partial response two months later but developed
acute interstitial lung disease (grade 2) with dry cough and chest tightness five months later.
Icotinib was discontinued, and treatment with methylprednisolone improved the interstitial lung
disease. Chemotherapy with pemetrexed, carboplatin, and bevacizumab was initiated as subsequent
therapy. Considering the effectiveness of EGFR-TKIs, we decided cautiously to rechallenge
the third-generation TKI almonertinib administration. The patient successfully received almonertinib
for almost one year without the recurrence of interstitial lung disease and tumor progression.
ILD was an infrequent but often life-threatening reaction associated with icotinib.

Conclusion:
This is the first reported case of successful switching from icotinib to another EGFR
TKI because of interstitial lung disease associated with icotinib, suggesting that EGFR-TKIs
rechallenge because of adverse events rather than progression might provide a significant benefit
in patients with EGFR driver positive NSCLC.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Spirulina Algae and N-Acetylcysteine in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial
Authors: Attaran Davood , Baniasad Amir , Najafzadeh Mohammad Javad , Poursadegh Farid , Saberi Mohammad Reza , Nabavi Shima , Ravanshad Sahar , Mozdourian Mahnaz , Hejazi Sepideh , Morovatdar Negar , Attaran Soroush 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Spirulina algae are widely used in food, cosmetic, and dietary applications,
and laboratory and clinical studies have reported their antiviral and immune-enhancing properties.

Aim:
We aimed to evaluate the prescription of spirulina, a safe food supplement with antiviral
properties, and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease
2019 (COVID-19).

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted as a multicenter, randomized, single-masked,
open-label phase II clinical trial on 66 patients with COVID-19. Patients were randomly assigned
to two intervention groups and one control group. The intervention groups were defined as follows:
one group received spirulina algae (23 people), and the other group received N-acetylcysteine
plus spirulina algae (21 people). In the control group (22 people), the patients only received
the national standard treatment for COVID-19. The intervention groups were prescribed 80 mg/kg
of spirulina green algae daily.

Results:
The duration of hospitalization (P = 0.874), Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission (P =
0.320), and mortality (P = 0.320) of patients between the three groups did not show any significant
difference. Side effects, including headache (P = 0.022) and nausea (P = 0.039), were significantly
less common in the control group. No statistically significant difference was observed regarding
the frequency of symptoms after discharge in the three-month follow-up (P = 0.420).

Conclusion:
Our study showed that administering spirulina with or without N-acetylcysteine did
not affect the length of hospitalization, ICU admission, mortality, and the frequency of symptoms
or long COVID.
Radiotherapy Enhancing and Radioprotective Properties of Berberine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raeisi Elham , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , MT Sherwin Catherine , Bagheri Zeinab 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Natural compounds such as Berberine (Ber) have been considered due to
favorable anticancer properties, low side effects, and availability along with chemotherapy treatments.

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the radiosensitizing and radioprotective properties of
Ber.

Methods:
In this systematic review that was performed according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines,
we searched the publications before 25 Sep 2023 in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase,
and Cochrane Library databases. After determining inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were extracted
and imported into an Excel form, and the results of the studies were reviewed.

Results:
Ber by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA),
tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), and increasing
interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels, showed its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against ionizing
radiation. Reducing cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis were other radioprotective properties of
Ber. Conversely, in cancer cells, Ber, via inducing oxidative stress and accumulation ROS in tumor
tissues, inducing DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and hyperpolarization, inducing
apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, inhibits the up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha
(HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) revealed radiosensitizing properties.

Conclusion:
Ber, via various mechanisms, showed favorable radioprotective and radiosensitizing
properties in clinical and experimental studies. However, more clinical studies are needed in this
field.
The Growth Inhibitory Effect of Resveratrol and Gallic Acid on Prostate Cancer Cell Lines through the Alteration of Oxidative Stress Balance: The Interplay between Nrf2, HO-1, and BACH1 Genes
Authors: Moghadam Delaram , Zarei Reza , Rostami Amirabbas , Samare-Najaf Mohammad , Ghojoghi Rozita , Savardashtaki Amir , Jafarinia Morteza , Vakili Sina , Irajie Cambyz 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The association between oxidative stress and prostate cancer (PC) has been demonstrated
both epidemiologically and experimentally. Balance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels depends on multiple
factors, such as the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and BACH1 genes. Natural polyphenols, such as resveratrol
(RSV) and gallic acid (GA), affect cellular oxidative profiles.

Objective:
The present study investigated the possible effects of GA and RSV on the oxidative profiles of PC3
and DU145 cells, as well as Nrf2, HO-1, and BACH1 gene expression to achieve an understanding of the mechanisms
involved.

Methods:
PC3 and DU145 cells were treated with ascending concentrations of RSV and GA for 72 h. Then cell
growth and mRNA expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and BACH1 genes were analyzed by real-time PCR. Various spectrophotometric
analyses were performed to measure oxidative stress markers.

Results:
RSV and GA significantly decreased the growth of PC3 and DU145 cells compared to the control group
in a concentration-dependent manner. RSV and GA also decreased ROS production in PC3 cells, but in DU145
cells, only the latter polyphenol significantly decreased ROS content. In addition, RSV and GA had ameliorating
effects on SOD, GR, GPX, and CAT activities and GSH levels in both cell lines. Also, RSV and GA induced HO-
1 and Nrf2 gene expression in both cell lines. BACH1 gene expression was induced by RSV only at lower concentrations,
in contrast to GA in both cell lines.

Conclusion:
Our data suggest that RSV and GA can prevent the growth of prostate cancer cells by disrupting
oxidative stress-related pathways, such as changes in Nrf2, HO-1, and BACH1 gene expression.
Molecular Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genotyping among Helicobacter pylori-Positive Dyspeptic Patients in North Iran
Authors: Kouhsari Ebrahim , Roshandel Gholamreza , Hosseinzadeh Sara , Besharat Sima , Khori Vahid , Amiriani Taghi 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Iran has a relatively high prevalence of H. pylori, which correlates with
high-risk areas for gastric cancer worldwide.

Methods:
Our study aimed to investigate the underlying genetic mechanisms associated with resistance
to metronidazole (frxA, rdxA), clarithromycin (23S rRNA), tetracycline (16S rRNA),
and fluoroquinolone (gyrA) in H. pylori-positive dyspeptic patients using PCR and sequencing.
We further examined the potential correlation between resistance profiles and various virulence
genotypes.

Results:
The rates of genetic mutations associated with resistance to metronidazole, fluoroquinolone,
clarithromycin, and tetracycline were found to be 68%, 32.1%, 28.4%, and 11.1%, respectively.
Well-documented multiple antibiotic resistance mutations were detected, such as rdxA and
frxA (with missense and frameshift alterations), gyrA (Asp91, Asn87), 23S rRNA (A2142G,
A2143G), and 16S rRNA (triple-base-pair substitutions AGA926-928→TTC). The cagA+ and
vacA s1/m1 types were the predominant genotypes in our study. With the exception of metronidazole
and tetracycline, no significant correlation was observed between the cagA+ and cagL+
genotypes and resistance-associated mutations.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of antibiotic resistance-associated mutations in H. pylori was remarkably
high in this region, particularly to metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and clarithromycin. By
conducting a simultaneous screening of virulence and resistance genotypes, clinicians can make
informed decisions regarding the appropriate therapeutic regimen to prevent the escalation of
antibiotic resistance against H. pylori infection in this specific geographical location.
Thermoablative Treatment of Papillary Microcarcinomas of Thyroid
Authors: Santi Francesca De , Mattarello Mee Jung , Vendraminelli Roberto , Peron CInzia , Mazzucco Mauro 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Recently, locoregional treatment with ultrasound-guided radiofrequency
has been proposed as a new, effective, and safe procedure for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
(PTC < 1 cm), not eligible or recruitable for surgery. Until now, the gold standard
has been the surgery and then the active surveillance.

Objective:
The aim of the study is to present our experience of ultrasound-guidedthermoablation,
a procedure performed before demolitive surgery and post-active surveillance.
It is a non-invasive treatment that does not require general anesthesia, with a low risk of complications,
hypothyroidism, and hypoparathyroidism.

Methods:
All nodules described on ultrasound showed a volumetric increase (follow-up from
12 to 36 months). The cytological examination in all cases showed TIR 4b and TIR 5 papillary
microcarcinoma. All the patients were offered the possibility of radiofrequency thermoablation;
they were all informed and gave their consent. 18G active tip electrode needles 7 or 10 mm
(Amica Gen HS) were used with the moving shot method under local anesthesia in a day hospital
setting. No severe complications were reported.

Results:
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) with SonoVue (CEUS Sonovue) was
performed post-procedure and then at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, which documented complete revascularization
and progressive volumetric reduction of the treated area.

Conclusion:
Our experience has confirmed that radiofrequency ablation can effectively eliminate
small papillary thyroid carcinomas with fewer complications. In our opinion, it is a valid
alternative for the treatment of low-risk and indolent papillary thyroid microcarcinomas, even in
the absence of surgical contraindications.