bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Algorithm Using Serial Biomarker Measurements Doubles the Number of Screen-Detected Cancers Compared With a Single-Threshold Rule in the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening
Authors: Menon Usha , Ryan Andy , Kalsi Jatinderpal , Gentry-Maharaj Aleksandra , Dawnay Anne , Habib Mariam , Apostolidou Sophia , Singh Naveena , Benjamin Elizabeth , Burnell Matthew , Davies Susan , Sharma Aarti , Gunu Richard , Godfrey Keith , Lopes Alberto , Oram David , Herod Jonathan , Williamson Karin , Seif Mourad W. , Jenkins Howard , Mould Tim , Woolas Robert , Murdoch John B. , Dobbs Stephen , Amso Nazar N. , Leeson Simon , Cruickshank Derek , Scott Ian , Fallowfield Lesley , Widschwendter Martin , Reynolds Karina , McGuire Alistair , Campbell Stuart , Parmar Mahesh , Skates Steven J. , Jacobs Ian 
Published: May 2015

Purpose Cancer screening strategies have commonly adopted single-biomarker thresholds to identify abnormality. We investigated the impact of serial biomarker change interpreted through a risk algorithm on cancer detection rates. Patients and Methods In the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening, 46,237 women, age 50 years or older underwent incidence screening by using the multimodal strategy (MMS) in which annual serum cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) was interpreted with the risk of ovarian cancer algorithm (ROCA). Women were triaged by the ROCA: normal risk, returned to annual screening; intermediate risk, repeat CA-125; and elevated risk, repeat CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasound. Women with persistently increased risk were clinically evaluated. All participants were followed through national cancer and/or death registries. Performance characteristics of a single-threshold rule and the ROCA were compared by using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results After 296,911 women-years of annual incidence screening, 640 women underwent surgery. Of those, 133 had primary invasive epithelial ovarian or tubal cancers (iEOCs). In all, 22 interval iEOCs occurred within 1 year of screening, of which one was detected by ROCA but was managed conservatively after clinical assessment. The sensitivity and specificity of MMS for detection of iEOCs were 85.8% (95% CI, 79.3% to 90.9%) and 99.8% (95% CI, 99.8% to 99.8%), respectively, with 4.8 surgeries per iEOC. ROCA alone detected 87.1% (135 of 155) of the iEOCs. Using fixed CA-125 cutoffs at the last annual screen of more than 35, more than 30, and more than 22 U/mL would have identified 41.3% (64 of 155), 48.4% (75 of 155), and 66.5% (103 of 155), respectively. The area under the curve for ROCA (0.915) was significantly (P = .0027) higher than that for a single-threshold rule (0.869). Conclusion Screening by using ROCA doubled the number of screen-detected iEOCs compared with a fixed cutoff. In the context of cancer screening, reliance on predefined single-threshold rules may result in biomarkers of value being discarded.
SWOG S0809: A Phase II Intergroup Trial of Adjuvant Capecitabine and Gemcitabine Followed by Radiotherapy and Concurrent Capecitabine in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Carcinoma
Authors: Ben-Josef Edgar , Guthrie Katherine A. , El-Khoueiry Anthony B. , Corless Christopher L. , Zalupski Mark M. , Lowy Andrew M. , Thomas Charles R. , Alberts Steven R. , Dawson Laura A. , Micetich Kenneth C. , Thomas Melanie B. , Siegel Abby B. , Blanke Charles D. 
Published: May 2015

Purpose The role of postoperative therapy in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) or gallbladder carcinoma (GBCA) is unknown. S0809 was designed to estimate 2-year survival (overall and after R0 or R1 resection), pattern of relapse, and toxicity in patients treated with this adjuvant regimen. Patients and Methods Eligibility criteria included diagnosis of EHCC or GBCA after radical resection, stage pT2-4 or N+ or positive resection margins, M0, and performance status 0 to 1. Patients received four cycles of gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 8) and capecitabine (1,500 mg/m2 per day on days 1 to 14) every 21 days followed by concurrent capecitabine (1,330 mg/m2 per day) and radiotherapy (45 Gy to regional lymphatics; 54 to 59.4 Gy to tumor bed). With 80 evaluable patients, results would be promising if 2-year survival 95% CI were > 45% and R0 and R1 survival estimates were ≥ 65% and 45%, respectively. Results A total of 79 eligible patients (R0, n = 54; R1, n = 25; EHCC, 68%; GBCA, 32%) were treated (86% completed). For all patients, 2-year survival was 65% (95% CI, 53% to 74%); it was 67% and 60% in R0 and R1 patients, respectively. Median overall survival was 35 months (R0, 34 months; R1, 35 months). Local, distant, and combined relapse occurred in 14, 24, and nine patients. Grade 3 and 4 adverse effects were observed in 52% and 11% of patients, respectively. The most common grade 3 to 4 adverse effects were neutropenia (44%), hand-foot syndrome (11%), diarrhea (8%), lymphopenia (8%), and leukopenia (6%). There was one death resulting from GI hemorrhage. Conclusion This combination was well tolerated, has promising efficacy, and provides clinicians with a well-supported regimen. Our trial establishes the feasibility of conducting national adjuvant trials in EHCC and GBCA and provides baseline data for planning future phase III trials.
The eyes of the deep diving hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) enhance sensitivity to ultraviolet light
Authors: Hogg Chris , Neveu Magella , Folkow Lars , Stokkan Karl-Arne , Hoh Kam Jaimie , Douglas Ron H. , Jeffery Glen 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
The mammalian visual range is approximately 400–700 nm, although recent evidence suggests varying ultraviolet (UV) extensions in diverse terrestrial species. UV sensitivity may have advantages in the dim, blue light shifted environment experienced by submerged marine mammals. It may also be advantageous when seals are on land as UV is reflected by snow and ice but absorbed by fur, enhancing visual contrast. Here we show that the pelagic hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) has a highly UV permissive cornea and lens. Seals like other carnivores have a tapetum lucidum (TL) reflecting light back through the retina increasing sensitivity. The TL in this seal is unusual being white and covering almost the entire retina unlike that in other carnivores. Spectral reflectance from its surface selectively increases the relative UV/blue components &gt;10 times than other wavelengths. Retinal architecture is consistent with a high degree of convergence. Enhanced UV from a large TL surface with a high degree of retinal convergence will increase sensitivity at a cost to acuity. UV electrophysiological retina responses were only obtained to dim, rod mediated stimuli, with no evidence of cone input. As physiological measurements of threshold sensitivity are much higher than those for psychophysical detection, these seals are likely to be more UV sensitive than our results imply. Hence, UV reflections from the TL will afford increased sensitivity in dim oceanic environments.
The ArfGAP2/3 Glo3 and ergosterol collaborate in transport of a subset of cargoes
Authors: Estrada Alejandro F. , Muruganandam Gopinath , Prescianotto-Baschong Cristina , Spang Anne 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Proteins reach the plasma membrane through the secretory pathway in which the trans Golgi network (TGN) acts as a sorting station. Transport from the TGN to the plasma membrane is maintained by a number of different pathways that act either directly or via the endosomal system. Here we show that a subset of cargoes depends on the ArfGAP2/3 Glo3 and ergosterol to maintain their proper localization at the plasma membrane. While interfering with neither ArfGAP2/3 activity nor ergosterol biosynthesis individually significantly altered plasma membrane localization of the tryptophan transporter Tat2, the general amino acid permease Gap1 and the v-SNARE Snc1, in a Δglo3 Δerg3 strain those proteins accumulated in internal endosomal structures. Export from the TGN to the plasma membrane and recycling from early endosomes appeared unaffected as the chitin synthase Chs3 that travels along these routes was localized normally. Our data indicate that a subset of proteins can reach the plasma membrane efficiently but after endocytosis becomes trapped in endosomal structures. Our study supports a role for ArfGAP2/3 in recycling from endosomes and in transport to the vacuole/lysosome.
Rab32 is essential for maintaining functional acidocalcisomes, and for growth and infectivity of Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Niyogi Sayantanee , Jimenez Veronica , Girard-Dias Wendell , de Souza Wanderley , Miranda Kildare , Docampo Roberto 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
The contractile vacuole complex (CVC) of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, collects and expels excess water as a mechanism of regulatory volume decrease after hyposmotic stress; it also has a role in cell shrinking after hyperosmotic stress. Here, we report that, in addition to its role in osmoregulation, the CVC of T. cruzi has a role in the biogenesis of acidocalcisomes. Expression of dominant-negative mutants of the CVC-located small GTPase Rab32 (TcCLB.506289.80) results in lower numbers of less-electron-dense acidocalcisomes, lower content of polyphosphate, lower capacity for acidocalcisome acidification and Ca2+ uptake that is driven by the vacuolar proton pyrophosphatase and the Ca2+-ATPase, respectively, as well as less-infective parasites, revealing the role of this organelle in parasite infectivity. By using fluorescence, electron microscopy and electron tomography analyses, we provide further evidence of the active contact of acidocalcisomes with the CVC, indicating an active exchange of proteins between the two organelles.
Synthesis and Characterization of Barnacle Adhesive Mimetic towards Underwater Adhesion
Authors: Nishida Jin , Higaki Yuji , Takahara Atsushi 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A polyacrylamide including tetra-alanine units, hydroxy groups, and hexyl groups was synthesized as a mimetic of barnacle underwater adhesive proteins. The synthesized barnacle mimetic polymer was dissolved in water and subjected to a condensation reaction with hexylamine. Gelation through multiple hydrogen bonds of the oligo-alanine units was confirmed. The adhesive strength of the bonded substrate with the gel-forming barnacle mimetic polymer solution was demonstrated to be 402 kPa for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) plate adhesion by the tensile shear adhesion test.
Novel Titanium Complexes with a Reversible Structural Change on Solvent Adsorption and Desorption
Authors: Kobayashi Makoto , Okuhara Tatsuya , Kato Hideki , Sato Sota , Kakihana Masato 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Two novel pyrazine-2-carboxylate titanium complexes were synthesized from an aqueous solution (1) and 1 in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (2). The structure of 2 was determined to be [Ti6O8(C4H3N2COO)8(C3H7NO)4]·4C3H7NO·H2O by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Both complexes exhibited solvent adsorption–desorption accompanying reversible structural change. 1 and 2 were compatible, and 1 was vital for the synthesis of 2. The degassed 1 showed gate adsorption property for water vapor.
Why are enteric ganglia so small? Role of differential adhesion of enteric neurons and enteric neural crest cells.
Authors: Rollo Benjamin N. , Zhang Dongcheng , Simkin Johanna E. , Menheniott Trevelyan R. , Newgreen Donald F. 
Published: May 2015

The avian enteric nervous system (ENS) consists of a vast number of unusually small ganglia compared to other peripheral ganglia. Each ENS ganglion at mid-gestation has a core of neurons and a shell of mesenchymal precursor/glia-like enteric neural crest (ENC) cells. To study ENS cell ganglionation we isolated midgut ENS cells by HNK-1 fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) from E5 and E8 quail embryos, and from E9 chick embryos. We performed cell-cell aggregation assays which revealed a developmentally regulated functional increase in ENS cell adhesive function, requiring both Ca2+-dependent and independent adhesion. This was consistent with N-cadherin and NCAM labelling. Neurons sorted to the core of aggregates, surrounded by outer ENC cells, showing that neurons had higher adhesion than ENC cells. The outer surface of aggregates became relatively non-adhesive, correlating with low levels of NCAM and N-cadherin on this surface of the outer non-neuronal ENC cells. Aggregation assays showed that ENS cells FACS selected for NCAM-high and enriched for enteric neurons formed larger and more coherent aggregates than unsorted ENS cells. In contrast, ENS cells of the NCAM-low FACS fraction formed small, disorganised aggregates. This suggests a novel mechanism for control of ENS ganglion morphogenesis where i) differential adhesion of ENS neurons and ENC cells controls the core/shell ganglionic structure and ii) the ratio of neurons to ENC cells dictates the equilibrium ganglion size by generation of an outer non-adhesive surface.
Public-Private Partnership as an Efficient Form of Cooperation Between Public and Private Sectors
Authors: Лазутина  , Lazutina O. 
Published: May 2015

The paper considers public-private partnership as an efficient form of cooperation
between public and private sectors, and also trends of its further development.
Definition of public-private partnership is provided; cases of Russian publicprivate
partnerships projects are presented. Also presented are recommendations
on how to improve public-private partnerships in this country.
Optimizing Functioning of Ryazan town Urban Transit System through Restriction of Individual Transport Traffic
Authors: Меркулов  , Merkulov Yu. , Смирнов  , Smirnov E. , Беев  , Beev A. 
Published: May 2015

The paper explores the problem of how to optimize functioning of the urban
transit system of Ryazan town by means of reducing individual transport
traffic flows. The authors propose to partially block off individual transport
traffic on main traffic arteries of the town. The effect gained as a result of
this proposal is assessed in physical measures as well as in measures of
dynamic optimization.
Lifestyle migration and work choices
Authors: Holland Claire , Martin Emma 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Building on the work of lifestyle migrant researchers where hospitality and tourism are key drivers for migrants’ location decisions, this article considers the complexities of work choices made by lifestyle migrants. Discussion leads to the proposition of linking lifestyle migration, work–life balance and work choices to provide a basis upon which to explore this group of workers and their relationship with work post-migration. To do this the study reflects on semi-structured interviews with 33 UK lifestyle migrants living in the Chamonix Valley, France and working in hospitality and tourism.
Hospitality and its ambivalences. On Zygmunt Bauman
Authors: Welten Ruud 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Hospitality is often understood as an ethical openness towards the other. Hospitality, in this way, is a gift. But is this really the situation of hospitality in the world today? Europeans have created another, bespoke hospitality and they insist on being given a generous welcome all over the world – colonialists, imperialists, businessmen, tourists, scientists and students. Europe is too small for the Europeans: the world is their oyster. Yet in that oyster, hospitality is more often the cause of problems than the solution. In the following article, I will elaborate on this critical idea of hospitality as it is understood in the works of Zygmunt Bauman.
Attraction and avoidance detection from movements
Authors: Li Zhenhui , Ding Bolin , Wu Fei , Lei Tobias Kin Hou , Kays Roland , Crofoot Margaret C. 
Published: May 2015

With the development of positioning technology, movement data has become widely available nowadays. An important task in movement data analysis is to mine the relationships among moving objects based on their spatiotemporal interactions. Among all relationship types, attraction and avoidance are arguably the most natural ones. However, rather surprisingly, there is no existing method that addresses the problem of mining significant attraction and avoidance relationships in a well-defined and unified framework.
In this paper, we propose a novel method to measure the significance value of relationship between any two objects by examining the background model of their movements via permutation test. Since permutation test is computationally expensive, two effective pruning strategies are developed to reduce the computation time. Furthermore, we show how the proposed method can be extended to efficiently answer the classic threshold query: given an object, retrieve all the objects in the database that have relationships, whose significance values are above certain threshold, with the query object. Empirical studies on both synthetic data and real movement data demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.
Biperpedia
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Halevy Alon , Wang Xuezhi , Whang Steven Euijong , Wu Fei 
Published: May 2015

Search engines make significant efforts to recognize queries that can be answered by structured data and invest heavily in creating and maintaining high-precision databases. While these databases have a relatively wide coverage of entities, the number of attributes they model (e.g., GDP, CAPITAL, ANTHEM) is relatively small. Extending the number of attributes known to the search engine can enable it to more precisely answer queries from the long and heavy tail, extract a broader range of facts from the Web, and recover the semantics of tables on the Web.
We describe Biperpedia, an ontology with 1.6M (class, attribute) pairs and 67K distinct attribute names. Biperpedia extracts attributes from the query stream, and then uses the best extractions to seed attribute extraction from text. For every attribute Biperpedia saves a set of synonyms and text patterns in which it appears, thereby enabling it to recognize the attribute in more contexts. In addition to a detailed analysis of the quality of Biperpedia, we show that it can increase the number of Web tables whose semantics we can recover by more than a factor of 4 compared with Freebase.
Computing personalized PageRank quickly by exploiting graph structures
Authors: Maehara Takanori , Akiba Takuya , Iwata Yoichi , Kawarabayashi Ken-ichi 
Published: May 2015

We propose a new scalable algorithm that can compute Personalized PageRank (PPR) very quickly. The Power method is a state-of-the-art algorithm for computing exact PPR; however, it requires many iterations. Thus reducing the number of iterations is the main challenge.
We achieve this by exploiting graph structures of web graphs and social networks. The convergence of our algorithm is very fast. In fact, it requires up to 7.5 times fewer iterations than the Power method and is up to five times faster in actual computation time.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to use graph structures explicitly to solve PPR quickly. Our contributions can be summarized as follows.
1. We provide an algorithm for computing a tree decomposition, which is more efficient and scalable than any previous algorithm.

2. Using the above algorithm, we can obtain a
core-tree decomposition
of any web graph and social network. This allows us to decompose a web graph and a social network into (1) the
core
, which behaves like an expander graph, and (2) a small tree-width graph, which behaves like a
tree
in an algorithmic sense.

3. We apply a direct method to the small tree-width graph to construct an LU decomposition.

4. Building on the LU decomposition and using it as
pre-conditoner
, we apply GMRES method (a state-of-the-art advanced iterative method) to compute PPR for whole web graphs and social networks.
Large-scale graph analytics in Aster 6
Authors: Simmen David , Schnaitter Karl , Davis Jeff , He Yingjie , Lohariwala Sangeet , Mysore Ajay , Shenoi Vinayak , Tan Mingfeng , Xiao Yu 
Published: May 2015

Graph analytics is an important big data discovery technique. Applications include identifying influential employees for retention, detecting fraud in a complex interaction network, and determining product affinities by exploiting community buying patterns. Specialized platforms have emerged to satisfy the unique processing requirements of large-scale graph analytics; however, these platforms do not enable graph analytics to be combined with other analytics techniques, nor do they work well with the vast ecosystem of SQL-based business applications.
Teradata Aster 6.0 adds support for large-scale graph analytics to its repertoire of analytics capabilities. The solution extends the multi-engine processing architecture with support for bulk synchronous parallel execution, and a specialized graph engine that enables iterative analysis of graph structures. Graph analytics functions written to the vertex-oriented API exposed by the graph engine can be invoked from the context of an SQL query and composed with existing SQL-MR functions, thereby enabling data scientists and business applications to express computations that combine large-scale graph analytics with techniques better suited to a different style of processing. The solution includes a suite of pre-built graph analytic functions adapted for parallel execution.
Big data small footprint
Authors: Yu Meng-Chieh , Yu Tong , Wang Shao-Chen , Lin Chih-Jen , Chang Edward Y. 
Published: May 2015

Sensors on mobile phones and wearables, and in general sensors on IoT (Internet of Things), bring forth a couple of new challenges to big data research. First, the power consumption for analyzing sensor data must be low, since most wearables and portable devices are power-strapped. Second, the velocity of analyzing big data on these devices must be high, otherwise the limited local storage may overflow.
This paper presents our hardware-software co-design of a classifier for wearables to detect a person's transportation mode (i.e., still, walking, running, biking, and on a vehicle). We particularly focus on addressing the big-data small-footprint requirement by designing a classifier that is low in both computational complexity and memory requirement. Together with a sensor-hub configuration, we are able to drastically reduce power consumption by 99%, while maintaining competitive mode-detection accuracy. The data used in the paper is made publicly available for conducting research.
Ocelot/HyPE
Authors: Breß Sebastian , Köcher Bastian , Heimel Max , Markl Volker , Saecker Michael , Saake Gunter 
Published: May 2015

The past years saw the emergence of highly heterogeneous server architectures that feature multiple accelerators in addition to the main processor. Efficiently exploiting these systems for data processing is a challenging research problem that comprises many facets, including how to find an optimal operator placement strategy, how to estimate runtime costs across different hardware architectures, and how to manage the code and maintenance blowup caused by having to support multiple architectures.
In prior work, we already discussed solutions to some of these problems: First, we showed that specifying operators in a hardware-oblivious way can prevent code blowup while still maintaining competitive performance when supporting multiple architectures. Second, we presented learning cost functions and several heuristics to efficiently place operators across all available devices.
In this demonstration, we provide further insights into this line of work by presenting our combined system Ocelot/HyPE. Our system integrates a hardware-oblivious data processing engine with a learning query optimizer for placement decisions, resulting in a highly adaptive DBMS that is specifically tailored towards heterogeneous hardware environments.