bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modellierung und Identifikation von Temperaturfeldern in Mehrzonenöfen
Authors: Bräuer Dirk , Rehkopf Andreas 
Published: January 2013

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Modellierung und Identifikation des thermischen Verhaltens von Hochtemperaturanlagen zur Untersuchung von Diffusionsprozessen in flüssigen Metallen. Dabei wird an einem konkreten Anwendungsbeispiel der Aufbau des semidiskreten Finite-Differenzen-Modells erläutert, welches mit möglichst wenig unbekannten Parametern das Temperaturfeld widerspiegelt. Weiterhin wird ein empirisches Verfahren zur Identifikation des stationären und instationären Verhaltens vorgestellt und an der Versuchsanlage überprüft.
Crystal structure of 4-(4-methylphenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine-6-carboxylic acid- N,N-dimethylformamide (1:0.5), C18H14N2O2·0.5C3H7NO, C39H35N5O5
Authors: Zhang Qiugen , Han Jianzhi , Xie Yu 
Published: January 2013

Abstract C39H35N5O5, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.576(1) Å, b = 13.220(2) Å, c = 11.931(1) Å, β = 115.075(2)°, V = 1653.9 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0502, wRref(F2) = 0.1567, T = 298 K.
Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze für die fertigungsnahe Qualitätskontrolle mittels optischer 3D-Messtechnik
Authors: Fleischle David , Lyda Wolfram , Gronle Marc , Mauch Florian , Körner Klaus , Osten Wolfgang 
Published: January 2013

Zusammenfassung
Aufgabe der Prozesskontrolle ist es, schnell und gezielt einzugreifen, wenn der festgelegte Toleranzkorridor überschritten wird. Gleichzeitig muss darauf geachtet werden, dass die Sensorik keine Funktionsflächen beschädigt. Daher bietet sich der Einsatz optischer Sensoren an, da diese berührungslos arbeiten. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit Konzepten zur fertigungsnahen Überwachung mittels optischer Sensoren, beschreibt deren Vor- und Nachteile und stellt beispielhafte Realisierungen vor.
Sunshine Daycare Center: Growing a Business to Profitability
Authors: Hughes Peggy Ann 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT:
This case study allows management accounting students to use skills developed in the course. Students practice cost function development and breakeven analysis. Students work in teams to understand the budget and actual results of a small business. They then choose marketing options and integrate the selections into a budget. This is an opportunity to use cost estimation, variance analysis, cost/volume/profit analysis, and budgeting. It also provides practice using Excel in business report formats.
Prevention of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks with multilayered reconstruction using titanium mesh–hydroxyapatite cement cranioplasty after translabyrinthine resection of acoustic neuroma
Authors: Manjila Sunil , Weidenbecher Mark , Semaan Maroun T. , Megerian Cliff A. , Bambakidis Nicholas C. 
Published: January 2013

Object
Several prophylactic surgical methods have been tried to prevent CSF leakage after translabyrinthine resection of acoustic neuroma (TLAN). The authors report an improvised technique for multilayer watertight closure using titanium mesh–hydroxyapatite cement (HAC) cranioplasty in addition to dural substitute and abdominal fat graft after TLAN.

Methods
The study was limited to 42 patients who underwent TLAN at University Hospitals Case Medical Center using this new technique from 2006 to 2012. Systematic closure of the surgical wound in layers using temporalis fascia, dural substitute, dural sealant, adipose graft, titanium mesh, and then HAC was performed in each case. Temporalis muscle and eustachian tube obliteration were not used. The main variables studied were patient age, tumor size, tumor location, cosmetic outcome, length of hospitalization, and the incidence of CSF leak, pseudomeningocele, and infection.

Results
Excellent cosmetic outcome was achieved in all patients. There were no cases of postoperative CSF rhinorrhea, incisional CSF leak, or meningitis. Cosmetic results were comparable to those achieved using HAC alone. This cost-effective technique used only a third of the HAC required for traditional closure in which the entire mastoid defect is filled with cement, predisposing to infection. Postoperative CT and MRI showed excellent bony contouring and dural reconstitution, respectively.

Conclusions
The authors report on successful use of titanium mesh–HAC cranioplasty in preventing postoperative CSF leak after TLAN in all cases in their series. The titanium mesh provides a well-defined anatomical dissection plane that would make reoperation easier than working through scarred soft tissue. The mesh bolsters the fat graft and keeps HAC out of direct contact with mastoid air cells, thereby reducing the risk of infection. The cement cranioplasty does not preclude subsequent implantation of a bone-anchored hearing aid.
Early-stage microvascular alterations of a new model of controlled cortical traumatic brain injury: 3D morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy and corrosion casting
Authors: Sangiorgi Simone , De Benedictis Alessandro , Protasoni Marina , Manelli Alessandro , Reguzzoni Marcella , Cividini Andrea , Dell'Orbo Carlo , Tomei Giustino , Balbi Sergio 
Published: January 2013

Object
This study was performed to study the microvascular changes that occur during the first 12 hours after traumatic brain injury (TBI) using the corrosion casting technique.

Methods
The authors performed a qualitative and quantitative morphological study of the changes in cerebral vessels at acute (3 hours) and subacute (12 hours) stages after experimental TBI. They used a model of controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury induced by a recently developed electromagnetic device (impactor), focusing their observations mainly on the microvascular alterations responsible for the formation and maintenance of tissue edema and consequent brain swelling during the first hours after TBI. They used corrosion casting, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to obtain a morphological qualitative map with both 2D and 3D details.

Results
Scanning electron microscopy analysis of vascular casts documented in 3 dimensions the typical injuries occurring after a TBI: subdural, subarachnoid, and intraparenchymal hemorrhages, along with alterations of the morphological characteristics and architecture of both medium-sized and capillary vessels, including ectasia of pial vessels, sphincter constrictions at the origin of the perforating vessels, focal swelling of perforating vessels, widening of intercellular junctions, and some indirect evidence of structural impairment of endothelial cells. All of these vascular alterations were confirmed in 2D analyses using light microscopy and TEM.

Conclusions
The corrosion casting–SEM technique applied to a CCI experimental model proved to be a reliable method for studying the pathophysiology of the vascular alterations occurring at acute and subacute stages after CCI injury. It was also possible to obtain topographical localization of the vascular and cellular events that usually lead to hyperemia, edema, and brain swelling. Moreover, by applying informatic software to anatomical images it was possible to perform quantification and statistical analysis of the observed events.
Multidisciplinary staged surgical management of bifrontal meningoencephalocele with long-term follow-up
Authors: Blount Jeffrey P. , Gordon Amber S. , Foreman Paul M. , Grant John H. 
Published: January 2013

The authors report on an infant with a bifrontal encephalocele that was associated with multisuture craniosynostosis, spasticity, and a progressively severe epilepsy. They describe the initial presentation, genetic screening results, staged multidisciplinary operative plans, clinical course, complications, and long-term surgical and developmental follow-up. To their knowledge, the comprehensive surgical management of this type of complicated congenital cranial anomaly has not been previously described.
Surgical management was staged and multidisciplinary and required careful attention to all 3 components of the condition: 1) hydrocephalus, 2) frontal meningoencephalocele, and 3) epilepsy.
Endovascular treatment of proximal and distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms
Authors: Chalouhi Nohra , Jabbour Pascal , Starke Robert M. , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Gonzalez L. Fernando , Witte Samantha , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Dumont Aaron S. 
Published: January 2013

Object
Surgical clipping of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms can be challenging and carries a potentially significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Experience with endovascular therapy has been limited to a few studies. The authors assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of endovascular therapy in the largest series of proximal and distal PICA aneurysms to date.

Methods
A total of 76 patients, 54 with proximal and 22 with distal PICA aneurysms, underwent endovascular treatment at Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience between 2001 and 2011.

Results
Endovascular treatment was successful in 52 patients (96.3%) with proximal aneurysms and 19 patients (86.4%) with distal aneurysms. Treatment consisted of selective aneurysm coiling in 60 patients (84.5%) (including 4 with stent assistance and 4 with balloon assistance) and parent vessel trapping in 11 patients (15.5%). Specifically, a deconstructive procedure was necessary in 9.6% of proximal aneurysms (5 of 52) and 31.6% of distal aneurysms (6 of 19). There were 9 overall procedural complications (12.7%), 6 infarcts (8.5%; 4 occurring after deliberate occlusion of the PICA), and 3 intraprocedural ruptures (4.2%). The rate of procedure-related permanent morbidity was 2.8%. Complete aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 63.4% of patients (45 of 71). One patient (1.4%) treated with selective aneurysm coiling suffered a rehemorrhage on postoperative Day 15. The mean angiographic follow-up time was 17.2 months. Recurrence and re-treatment rates were, respectively, 20% and 17.1% for proximal aneurysms compared with 30.8% and 23.1% for distal aneurysms. Favorable outcomes (moderate, mild, or no disability) at follow-up were seen in 93% of patients with unruptured aneurysms and in 78.7% of those with ruptured aneurysms.

Conclusions
Endovascular therapy is a feasible, safe, and effective treatment in patients with proximal and distal PICA aneurysms, providing excellent patient outcomes and adequate protection against rehemorrhage. The long-term incidence of aneurysm recanalization appears to be high, especially in distal aneurysms, and requires careful angiographic follow-up.
Influence of PET reconstruction para meters on the TrueX algorithm
Authors: Rausch I. F. , Bergmann H. , Dudczak R. , Hirtl A. , Georg D. , Knäusl B. 
Published: January 2013

SummaryWith the increasing use of functional imaging in modern radiotherapy (RT) and the envisaged automated integration of PET into target definition, the need for reliable quantification of PET is growing. Reconstruction algorithms in new PET scanners employ pointspread-function (PSF) based resolution recovery, however, their impact on PET quantification still requires thorough investigation. Patients, material, methods: Measurements were performed on a Siemens PET/CT using an IEC phantom filled with varying activity. Data were reconstructed using the OSEM (Gauss filter) and the PSF TrueX (Gauss and Allpass filter) algorithm with all available products of iterations (i) and subsets (ss). The recovery coeffcient (RC) and threshold defining the real sphere volume were determined for all settings and compared to the clinical standard (4i21ss). PET acquisitions of eight lung patients were reconstructed using all algorithms with 4i21ss. Volume size and tracer uptake were determined with different segmentation methods. Results: The threshold for the TrueX was lower (up to 40%) than for the OSEM. The RC for the different algorithms and filters varied. TrueX was more sensitive to permutations of i and ss and only the RC of the OSEM stabilised with increasing number. For patient scans the difference of the volume and activity between TrueX and OSEM could be reduced by applying an adapted threshold and activity correction. Conclusion: The TrueX algorithm results in excellent diagnostic image quality, however, guidelines for native algorithms have to be extended for PSF based reconstruction methods. For appropriate tumour delineation, for the TrueX a lower threshold than the 42% recommended for the OSEM is necessary. These filter dependent thresholds have to be verified for different scanners prior to using them in multicenter trials.
Un fantôme sur iPhone
Authors: Bondaz Julien 
Published: January 2013

Le 23 janvier 2011, à l’occasion du grand magal, la commémoration mouride qui a lieu chaque année dans la ville de Touba au Sénégal, la chanteuse Viviane Ndour photographie avec son iPhone le mausolée de Serigne Fallou Mbacké, figure importante et vénérée de la confrérie mouride, décédé en 1968. Quelques jours plus tard, la star révèle que Serigne Fallou Mbacké est miraculeusement apparu sur l’une des photographies. Or, l’auteur rappelle qu’une telle apparition n’est pas extraordinaire dans le contexte sénégalais. Ce qui est tout à fait nouveau, c’est le rôle joué par les nouvelles technologies de communication dans la production du miracle, dans la diffusion du récit de l’apparition et sa mise en débat et dans la révélation de la supercherie. L’événement et la controverse qu’il suscite soulèvent ainsi de nouvelles questions en anthropologie de la communication.
Le cinéma d’Art et Essai : un label de la qualité institutionnelle mis à l’épreuve de l’expertise ordinaire
Authors: Bourgatte Michaël 
Published: January 2013

Dans les années 1950, un mouvement de soutien aux formes cinématographiques les plus marginales s’organise et donne naissance à l’expression « cinéma d’Art et Essai », qui fera très vite et indistinctement référence à un certain type de salles et à un certain type de films. Le mouvement est rapidement aidé par les pouvoirs publics. Pour autant, quel crédit peut-on accorder à ce soutien effectivement adossé à certains critères (il porte sur des films de niche, dotés d’un projet artistique ou issus de pays faibles producteurs de cinéma), mais aussi largement arbitraire ? En mêlant une réflexion historique à des résultats d’enquêtes de publics, l’article interroge les mécanismes de mesure de la qualité cinématographique et pose la question du crédit qu’il importe de donner à cette valeur institutionnelle. En effet, la valeur n’est-elle pas plutôt à rechercher dans les succès de fréquentation en salles et dans l’autorité de certains films emblématiques ?
Using an ILU/Deflation Preconditioner for Simulation of a PEM Fuel Cell Cathode Catalyst Layer
Authors: Lange Kyle J. , Sui Pang-Chieh , Djilali Ned 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNumerical aspects of a pore scale model are investigated for the simulation of catalyst layers of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Coupled heat, mass and charged species transport together with reaction kinetics are taken into account using parallelized finite volume simulations for a range of nanostructured, computationally reconstructed catalyst layer samples. The effectiveness of implementing deflation as a second stage preconditioner generally improves convergence and results in better convergence behavior than more sophisticated first stage pre-conditioners. This behavior is attributed to the fact that the two stage preconditioner updates the preconditioning matrix at every GMRES restart, reducing the stalling effects that are commonly observed in restarted GMRES when a single stage preconditioner is used. In addition, the effectiveness of the deflation preconditioner is independent of the number of processors, whereas the localized block ILU preconditioner deteriorates in quality as the number of processors is increased. The total number of GMRES search directions required for convergence varies considerably depending on the preconditioner, but also depends on the catalyst layer microstructure, with low porosity microstructures requiring a smaller number of iterations. The improved model and numerical solution strategy should allow simulations for larger computational domains and improve the reliability of the predicted transport parameters. The preconditioning strategies presented in the paper are scalable and should prove effective for massively parallel simulations of other problems involving nonlinear equations.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Direct Addition of Indoles to N‐Sulfonylaldimines
Authors: Zhou Bing , Yang Yaxi , Lin Sui , Li Yuanchao 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe rhodium‐catalyzed addition of indole CH bonds to a range of aryl‐ and alkyl‐N‐sulfonylaldimines is reported. The reaction proceeds with high functional group compatibility and provides easy and rapid access to a wide variety of 2‐indolylmethanamine derivatives under mild reaction conditions.
High Efficiency Up‐Converting Single Phase Elastomers for Photon Managing Applications
Authors: Monguzzi Angelo , Bianchi Francesco , Bianchi Alberto , Mauri Michele , Simonutti Roberto , Ruffo Riccardo , Tubino Riccardo , Meinardi Francesco 
Published: January 2013

AbstractOptically active materials able to up‐convert the frequency of the incident radiation can be used to enhance the performance of photovoltaic and photocatalityc cells, recovering sub‐bandgap photons not directly absorbed by the devices. Actually, sensitized up‐conversion (SUC) based on multi‐component organic systems is the most promising approach for these photon energy managing processes, being efficient also at the solar irradiance. However, applications of SUC on real devices have not been yet accomplished because its conversion yield usually drops dramatically in the solid state where the low dye mobility inhibits the diffusion controlled mechanisms ruling SUC photophysics. To overcome this limit, we prepared a single‐phase elastomer (poly‐butylacrilate) doped with proper dyes (platinum (II) octaetyl‐porphyrin and 9,10‐diphenylanthracene) to fabricate an efficient photon up‐converting material. Thanks to the residual molecular diffusion provided by the soft host, and to the quenching reduction of involved metastable electronic excited‐states in a solid environment compared to a liquid one, we obtained a record SUC yield of 17% at the solid state. SUC efficiency has been studied as function of the excitation power and sample temperature, elucidating the photophysical processes at the base of the high observed yield and assessing the guidelines for the fabrication of technologically appealing low power up‐converting materials.
Organometallic Approaches for Direct Modification of Peripheral CH Bonds in Porphyrin Cores
Authors: Yorimitsu Hideki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPorphyrins play vital roles in living systems as well as in advanced organic materials science. Efficient synthesis of porphyrins and creation of novel porphyrins are thus important. Recently, organometallic chemistry has become more powerful and is now sophisticated enough to modify porphyrin CH bonds directly, efficiently, and selectively. This Focus Review discusses methods for modifying peripheral porphyrin CH bonds, specifically direct metalations and CC bond formations.
Stabilization of One‐Dimensional Schrödinger Equation with Variable Coefficient under Delayed Boundary Output Feedback
Authors: Yang Kun‐Yi , Yao Cui‐Zhen 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis article considers stabilization of a one‐dimensional Schrödinger equation with variable coefficient and boundary observation which suffers from an arbitrary given time delay. We design an observer and predictor to stabilize the system. The state is estimated in the time span where the observation is available, and also predicted in the time interval where the observation is not available. It is shown that the estimated state feedback stabilizes the system exponentially. A numerical simulation is presented to illustrate the effect of the stabilizing controller.
Systematic review of five feeding routes after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Gerritsen A , Besselink M G H , Gouma D J , Steenhagen E , Borel Rinkes I H M , Molenaar I Q 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Current European guidelines recommend routine enteral feeding after pancreato-duodenectomy (PD), whereas American guidelines do not. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal feeding route after PD.

Methods
A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Included were studies on feeding routes after PD that reported length of hospital stay (primary outcome).

Results
Of 442 articles screened, 15 studies with 3474 patients were included. Data on five feeding routes were extracted: oral diet (2210 patients), enteral nutrition via either a nasojejunal tube (NJT, 165), gastrojejunostomy tube (GJT, 52) or jejunostomy tube (JT, 623), and total parenteral nutrition (TPN, 424). Mean(s.d.) length of hospital stay was shortest in the oral diet and GJT groups (15(14) and 15(11) days respectively), followed by 19(12) days in the JT, 20(15) days in the TPN and 25(11) days in the NJT group. Normal oral intake was established most quickly in the oral diet group (mean 6(5) days), followed by 8(9) days in the NJT group. The incidence of delayed gastric emptying varied from 6 per cent (3 of 52 patients) in the GJT group to 23·2 per cent (43 of 185) in the JT group, but definitions varied widely. The overall morbidity rate ranged from 43·8 per cent (81 of 185) in the JT group to 75 per cent (24 of 32) in the GJT group. The overall mortality rate ranged from 1·8 per cent (3 of 165) in the NJT group to 5·4 per cent (23 of 424) in the TPN group.

Conclusion
There is no evidence to support routine enteral or parenteral feeding after PD. An oral diet may be considered as the preferred routine feeding strategy after PD.
Criminal thinking styles and emotional intelligence in Egyptian offenders
Authors: Megreya Ahmed M. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS) has been applied extensively to the study of criminal behaviour and cognition. Increasingly growing evidence indicates that criminal thinking styles vary considerably among individuals, and these individual variations appear to be crucial for a full understanding of criminal behaviour.AimsThis study aimed to examine individual differences in criminal thinking as a function of emotional intelligence.MethodsA group of 56 Egyptian male prisoners completed the PICTS and Bar‐On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ‐i). The correlations between these assessments were examined using a series of Pearson correlations coefficients, with Bonferroni correction.ResultsGeneral criminal thinking, reactive criminal thinking and five criminal thinking styles (mollification, cutoff, power orientation, cognitive indolence and discontinuity) negatively correlated with emotional intelligence. On the other hand, proactive criminal thinking and three criminal thinking styles (entitlement, superoptimism and sentimentality) did not associate with emotional intelligence.ConclusionsEmotional intelligence is an important correlate of individual differences in criminal thinking, especially its reactive aspects. Practical implications of this suggestion were discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.