bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluctuation of potential zinc status biomarkers throughout a reproductive cycle of primiparous and multiparous sows
Authors: van Riet Miriam M. J. , Millet Sam , Nalon Elena , Langendries Karolien C. M. , Cools An , Ampe Bart , Du Laing Gijs , Tuyttens Frank A. M. , Maes Dominiek , Janssens Geert P. J. 
Published: July 2015

Fluctuations in Zn metabolism throughout gestation and lactation might affect Zn requirements. However, scientific data on Zn requirements for breeding sows are limited. The objective of the present study was to assess the Zn status of primiparous and multiparous sows using different Zn status biomarkers, to identify periods of critical Zn status throughout the reproductive cycle at different parities. Blood samples were taken after overnight fasting before feeding in the morning from five primiparous and ten multiparous sows at fixed time intervals during gestation (days − 5, 0 (insemination), 21, 42, 63 and 84), around parturition (days 108, 112, 115 (parturition) and 118) and during lactation (days 122, 129 and 143 (weaning)). At parturition, blood samples were collected from two randomly selected piglets per sow before colostrum intake. Plasma was analysed for Zn and Cu contents, whereas serum was analysed for alkaline phosphatase, metallothionein and albumin concentrations. Independently of parity, all biomarkers fluctuated differently during gestation and lactation (P< 0·050). This reflects their different roles in Zn metabolism, and suggests that the choice of a Zn status biomarker necessitates careful consideration. Low average plasma Zn concentration at the end of gestation and throughout lactation seem to be replenished towards weaning.
The Influence of Firm Global Supply Chains and Foreign Currency Undervaluations on US Trade Disputes
Authors: Jensen J. Bradford , Quinn Dennis P. , Weymouth Stephen 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe apply insights from “new, new” trade theory to explain a puzzling decline in US firm antidumping (AD) filings in an era of persistent foreign currency undervaluations and increasing import competition. Firms exhibit heterogeneity both within and across industries regarding foreign direct investment (FDI). We propose that firms making vertical or resource-seeking investments abroad will be less likely to file AD petitions, and firms are likely to undertake vertical FDI in the context of currency undervaluation. Hence, we argue, the increasing vertical FDI of US firms makes trade disputes far less likely. We use firm-level data to examine the universe of US manufacturing firms and find that AD filers generally conduct no intrafirm trade with filed-against countries. We also find that persistent currency undervaluation is associated over time with increased vertical FDI and intrafirm trade by US multinational corporations (MNCs) in the undervaluing country. Among larger US MNCs, the likelihood of an AD filing is negatively associated with increases in intrafirm trade. In the context of currency undervaluation, we confirm the existing finding that undervaluation is associated with more AD filings. We also find, however, that high levels of intrafirm imports from countries with undervalued currencies significantly decrease the likelihood of AD filings. Our study highlights the centrality of firm heterogeneity in international trade and investment in understanding political mobilization over international economic policy.
Anarchism and the British Warfare State: The Prosecution of theWar CommentaryAnarchists, 1945
Authors: Honeywell Carissa 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe arrest and prosecution in 1945 of a small group of London anarchists associated with the radical anti-militarist and anti-war publicationWar Commentaryat first appears to be a surprising and anomalous set of events, given that this group was hitherto considered to be too marginal and lacking in influence to raise official concern. This article argues that in the closing months of World War II the British government decided to suppressWar Commentarybecause officials feared that its polemic might foment political turmoil and thwart postwar policy agendas as military personnel began to demobilize and reassert their civilian identities. For a short period of time, in an international context of “demobilization crisis”, anarchist anti-militarist polemic became a focus of both state fears of unrest and a public sphere fearing ongoing military regulation of public affairs. Analysing the positions taken by the anarchists and government in the course of the events leading to the prosecution of the editors ofWar Commentary, the article will draw on “warfare-state” revisions to the traditional “welfare-state” historiography of the period for a more comprehensive view of the context of these events.
The World of European Labour on the Northern Rhodesian Copperbelt, 1940–1945
Authors: Money Duncan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis article explores the experiences of white workers on the Copperbelt in Northern Rhodesia during World War II. Much of the existing literature on the region focuses on African labour, yet the boom that began in the copper-mining industry also attracted thousands of mobile, transient European workers. These workers were part of a primarily English-speaking labour diaspora with a global reach that linked mining centres around the world. The experience of this workforce generated seemingly contradictory trends of labour militancy, political radicalism, and racial exclusivity. A focus on two significant events during this period will seek to examine how these trends shaped events on the Copperbelt: the 1940 wildcat strikes and the 1942 arrest and deportation of white mineworkers’ union leaders. These events shed light on the international world of European labour and illustrate how the Copperbelt was linked to other mining centres around the world.
Child personality facets and overreactive parenting as predictors of aggression and rule-breaking trajectories from childhood to adolescence
Authors: Becht Andrik I. , Prinzie Peter , Deković Maja , van den Akker Alithe L. , Shiner Rebecca L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis study examined trajectories of aggression and rule breaking during the transition from childhood to adolescence (ages 9–15), and determined whether these trajectories were predicted by lower order personality facets, overreactive parenting, and their interaction. At three time points separated by 2-year intervals, mothers and fathers reported on their children's aggression and rule breaking (N = 290, M age = 8.8 years at Time 1). At Time 1, parents reported on their children's personality traits and their own overreactivity. Growth mixture modeling identified three aggression trajectories (low decreasing, high decreasing, and high increasing) and two rule-breaking trajectories (low and high). Lower optimism and compliance and higher energy predicted trajectories for both aggression and rule breaking, whereas higher expressiveness and irritability and lower orderliness and perseverance were unique risk factors for increasing aggression into adolescence. Lower concentration was a unique risk factor for increasing rule breaking. Parental overreactivity predicted higher trajectories of aggression but not rule breaking. Only two Trait × Overreactivity interactions were found. Our results indicate that personality facets could differentiate children at risk for different developmental trajectories of aggression and rule breaking.
Initial development of Prochilodus hartii (Pisces: Prochilodontidae) submitted to induced reproduction
Authors: Abdo Tiago Figueiredo , Perrotti Paulo Brant , Meireles Wesley Antunes , Bazzoli Nilo 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe Prochilodontidae prepare for reproduction in captivity, but neither ovulation nor spawning occurs, thus requiring induced reproduction for breeding and restocking. This study analyzed for the first time the embryogenesis and larval ontogeny of P. hartii submitted to induced reproduction by hypophysation with crude common carp pituitary extract. The extrusion of oocytes and sperm was performed manually and fertilization was done using the dry method. After fertilization, the eggs were kept in incubators at 23°C. A stereomicroscope was used to measure egg diameter and to monitor embryo development. Samples of larvae were collected daily for 7 days for histological and biometric analyses. The recently extruded oocytes, non-hydrated, are spherical, grey, and non-adhesive with a diameter of 1480 ± 39 μm and after hydration, have a diameter of 2860 ± 120 μm. The positive response to hypophysation was 100% for females and 80% for males. Spawning occurred 7 h after the third hormonal dosage. The fertilization rate was 77% at 23°C. Blastopore closure occurred at 6 h 45 min and embryonic development was completed 36 h 10 min after fertilization. After 204 h post fertilization (hpf) the larvae reached a standard length of 6.56 ± 0.14 mm with the yolk sac completely resorbed. In P. hartii, the oral cavity opening occurred 132 hpf. The results of this study provide knowledge to better understand induced reproduction, breeding, and management of P. hartii, a species with a high potential for pisciculture, and which is commercially important in the Jequitinhonha River basin.
Revisiting the ontologising of semantic relation arguments in wordnet synsets
Authors: GONÇALO OLIVEIRA HUGO , GOMES PAULO 
Published: July 2015

AbstractOntologising is the task of associating terms, in text, with an ontological representation of their meaning, in an ontology. In this article, we revisit algorithms that have previously been used to ontologise the arguments of semantic relations in a relationless thesaurus, resulting in a wordnet. For increased flexibility, the algorithms do not use the extraction context when selecting the most adequate synsets for each term argument. Instead, they exploit a term-based lexical network which can be established by knowledge extracted automatically, or obtained from the resource the relations are being ontologised to. On the latter idea, we made several experiments to conclude that the algorithms can be used both for wordnet creation and for their enrichment. Besides describing the algorithms with some detail, the aforementioned experiments, which target both English and Portuguese, and their results are reported and discussed.
High-dose-rate brachytherapy planning in palliative management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a case study
Authors: Anbumani Surega , Bilimagga Ramesh S. , Anchineyen Pichandi , Jayaraman Punitha , Palled Siddanna R. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroduction:Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or klatskin’s tumour involves malignant tumours at the liver hilum’s biliary confluence. Incidence of CCA results in unresectable tumours that require appropriate therapy to improve quality of life. The liver is considered as the most frequent site of tumour recurrence. Promising results of long-term survival have been established with computed tomography-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy.Materials and methods:Intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) is performed through the percutaneous transhapatic bile duct drain tube (PTBD). The passage of the brachytherapy guide tube through the bile duct is more complex compared with oesophageal/endobronchial application.Results/discussion:It results in a recoiled view of the tube in the abdominal region of the computed tomography (CT) scan. Owing to inherent artefacts induced by metal stents in CT scans, intersected view is possible between the ILBT guide tube and the intra-hepatic drain tube. It would mislead the planner to track wrong passage that could result in fatal error.Conclusion:In this case study, we contoured the ILBT guide tube by cross-verifying its position with a digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) before catheter tracking. Thus, it ensures precise simulation of source dwell positions, thereby avoiding high-dose delivery to nearby vital organs such as intestines, liver hilum and blood vessels.
STAT3 regulated ARF expression suppresses prostate cancer metastasis
Authors: Pencik Jan , Schlederer Michaela , Gruber Wolfgang , Unger Christine , Walker Steven M. , Chalaris Athena , Marié Isabelle J. , Hassler Melanie R. , Javaheri Tahereh , Aksoy Osman , Blayney Jaine K. , Prutsch Nicole , Skucha Anna , Herac Merima , Krämer Oliver H. , Mazal Peter , Grebien Florian , Egger Gerda , Poli Valeria , Mikulits Wolfgang , Eferl Robert , Esterbauer Harald , Kennedy Richard , Fend Falko , Scharpf Marcus , Braun Martin , Perner Sven , Levy David E. , Malcolm Tim , Turner Suzanne D. , Haitel Andrea , Susani Martin , Moazzami Ali , Rose-John Stefan , Aberger Fritz , Merkel Olaf , Moriggl Richard , Culig Zoran , Dolznig Helmut , Kenner Lukas 
Published: July 2015

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer in men. Hyperactive STAT3 is thought to be oncogenic in PCa. However, targeting of the IL-6/STAT3 axis in PCa patients has failed to provide therapeutic benefit. Here we show that genetic inactivation of Stat3 or IL-6 signalling in a Pten-deficient PCa mouse model accelerates cancer progression leading to metastasis. Mechanistically, we identify p19ARF as a direct Stat3 target. Loss of Stat3 signalling disrupts the ARF–Mdm2–p53 tumour suppressor axis bypassing senescence. Strikingly, we also identify STAT3 and CDKN2A mutations in primary human PCa. STAT3 and CDKN2A deletions co-occurred with high frequency in PCa metastases. In accordance, loss of STAT3 and p14ARF expression in patient tumours correlates with increased risk of disease recurrence and metastatic PCa. Thus, STAT3 and ARF may be prognostic markers to stratify high from low risk PCa patients. Our findings challenge the current discussion on therapeutic benefit or risk of IL-6/STAT3 inhibition.
Observation of vibrational overtones by single-molecule resonant photodissociation
Authors: Khanyile Ncamiso B. , Shu Gang , Brown Kenneth R. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMolecular ions can be held in a chain of laser-cooled atomic ions by sympathetic cooling. This system is ideal for performing high-precision molecular spectroscopy with applications in astrochemistry and fundamental physics. Here we show that this same system can be coupled with a broadband laser to discover new molecular transitions. We use three-ion chains of Ca+ and CaH+ to observe vibrational transitions via resonance-enhanced multiphoton dissociation detected by Ca+ fluorescence. On the basis of theoretical calculations, we assign the observed peaks to the transition from the ground vibrational state, ν=0 to ν=9 and 10. Our method allows us to track single-molecular events, and it can be extended to work with any molecule by using normal mode frequency shifts to detect the dissociation. This survey spectroscopy serves as a bridge to the precision spectroscopy required for molecular ion control.
Assembly-driven activation of the AIM2 foreign-dsDNA sensor provides a polymerization template for downstream ASC
Authors: Morrone Seamus R. , Matyszewski Mariusz , Yu Xiong , Delannoy Michael , Egelman Edward H. , Sohn Jungsan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAIM2 recognizes foreign dsDNA and assembles into the inflammasome, a filamentous supramolecular signalling platform required to launch innate immune responses. We show here that the pyrin domain of AIM2 (AIM2PYD) drives both filament formation and dsDNA binding. In addition, the dsDNA-binding domain of AIM2 also oligomerizes and assists in filament formation. The ability to oligomerize is critical for binding dsDNA, and in turn permits the size of dsDNA to regulate the assembly of the AIM2 polymers. The AIM2PYD oligomers define the filamentous structure, and the helical symmetry of the AIM2PYD filament is consistent with the filament assembled by the PYD of the downstream adaptor ASC. Our results suggest that the role of AIM2PYD is not autoinhibitory, but generating a structural template by coupling ligand binding and oligomerization is a key signal transduction mechanism in the AIM2 inflammasome.
Dominant oceanic bacteria secure phosphate using a large extracellular buffer
Authors: Zubkov Mikhail V. , Martin Adrian P. , Hartmann Manuela , Grob Carolina , Scanlan David J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe ubiquitous SAR11 and Prochlorococcus bacteria manage to maintain a sufficient supply of phosphate in phosphate-poor surface waters of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. Furthermore, it seems that their phosphate uptake may counter-intuitively be lower in more productive tropical waters, as if their cellular demand for phosphate decreases there. By flow sorting 33P-phosphate-pulsed 32P-phosphate-chased cells, we demonstrate that both Prochlorococcus and SAR11 cells exploit an extracellular buffer of labile phosphate up to 5–40 times larger than the amount of phosphate required to replicate their chromosomes. Mathematical modelling is shown to support this conclusion. The fuller the buffer the slower the cellular uptake of phosphate, to the point that in phosphate-replete tropical waters, cells can saturate their buffer and their phosphate uptake becomes marginal. Hence, buffer stocking is a generic, growth-securing adaptation for SAR11 and Prochlorococcus bacteria, which lack internal reserves to reduce their dependency on bioavailable ambient phosphate.
Novel function of a putative MOC1 ortholog associated with spikelet number per spike in common wheat
Authors: Zhang Bin , Liu Xia , Xu Weina , Chang Jianzhong , Li Ang , Mao Xinguo , Zhang Xueyong , Jing Ruilian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAxillary meristems play an important role in determining final plant architecture and floral structures. TomatoLs, ArabidopsisLASand riceMOC1are orthologous genes regulating axillary meristem initiation and outgrowth. Their functions are generally conserved but the functional specificities are divergent among species. Obvious differences between rice panicles and wheat spikes suggest the divergent functions ofMOC1and its wheat ortholog. We show thatTaMOC1might be involved in wheat spikelet development. TaMOC1 is a typical nucleus localized protein with transcriptional activation abilities. The variable N-termini of TaMOC1 protein is necessary for transcriptional activation.TaMOC1is highly expressed in ears with length of 2, 3 and 6 cm. Significant associations between theTaMOC1-7Ahaplotype and spikelet number per spike were observed in ten environments over 3 years and 2 sites.TaMOC1-7A HapH, a favored haplotype acquired during wheat polyploidization, may make a positive contribution to spikelet number per spike. Based on evolutionary analysis, geographic distribution and frequency changes,TaMOC1-7A HapH might be associated with wheat domestication and Chinese wheat breeding history. The pyramiding favorable alleles ofTaMOC1-7A HapH andTaSnRK2.10(C, associated with higher TGW) can improve both spikelet number per spike and TGW simultaneously.
CILAIR-Based Secretome Analysis of Obese Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues Reveals Distinctive ECM Remodeling and Inflammation Mediators
Authors: Roca-Rivada Arturo , Belen Bravo Susana , Pérez-Sotelo Diego , Alonso Jana , Isabel Castro Ana , Baamonde Iván , Baltar Javier , Casanueva Felipe F. , Pardo María 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn the context of obesity, strong evidences support a distinctive pathological contribution of adipose tissue depending on its anatomical site of accumulation. Therefore, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) has been lately considered metabolically benign compared to visceral fat (VAT), whose location is associated to the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and other associated comorbidities. Under the above situation, the chronic local inflammation that characterizes obese adipose tissue, has acquired a major role on the pathogenesis of obesity. In this work, we have analyzed for the first time human obese VAT and SAT secretomes using an improved quantitative proteomic approach for the study of tissue secretomes, Comparison of Isotope-Labeled Amino acid Incorporation Rates (CILAIR). The use of double isotope-labeling-CILAIR approach to analyze VAT and SAT secretomes allowed the identification of location-specific secreted proteins and its differential secretion. Additionally to the very high percentage of identified proteins previously implicated in obesity or in its comorbidities, this approach was revealed as a useful tool for the study of the obese adipose tissue microenvironment including extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and inflammatory status. The results herein presented reinforce the fact that VAT and SAT depots have distinct features and contribute differentially to metabolic disease.
Flower-like Palladium Nanoclusters Decorated Graphene Electrodes for Ultrasensitive and Flexible Hydrogen Gas Sensing
Authors: Shin Dong Hoon , Lee Jun Seop , Jun Jaemoon , An Ji Hyun , Kim Sung Gun , Cho Kyung Hee , Jang Jyongsik 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFlower-like palladium nanoclusters (FPNCs) are electrodeposited onto graphene electrode that are prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The CVD graphene layer is transferred onto a poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) film to provide a mechanical stability and flexibility. The surface of the CVD graphene is functionalized with diaminonaphthalene (DAN) to form flower shapes. Palladium nanoparticles act as templates to mediate the formation of FPNCs, which increase in size with reaction time. The population of FPNCs can be controlled by adjusting the DAN concentration as functionalization solution. These FPNCs_CG electrodes are sensitive to hydrogen gas at room temperature. The sensitivity and response time as a function of the FPNCs population are investigated, resulted in improved performance with increasing population. Furthermore, the minimum detectable level (MDL) of hydrogen is 0.1 ppm, which is at least 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of chemical sensors based on other Pd-based hybrid materials.
Asymmetry in Time Evolution of Magnetization in Magnetic Nanostructures
Authors: Tóbik Jaroslav , Cambel Vladimir , Karapetrov Goran 
Published: July 2015

AbstractStrong interest in nanomagnetism stems from the promise of high storage densities of information through control of ever smaller and smaller ensembles of spins. There is a broad consensus that the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation reliably describes the magnetization dynamics on classical phenomenological level. On the other hand, it is not so evident that the magnetization dynamics governed by this equation contains built-in asymmetry in the case of broad topology sets of symmetric total energy functional surfaces. The magnetization dynamics in such cases shows preference for one particular state from many energetically equivalent available minima. We demonstrate this behavior on a simple one-spin model which can be treated analytically. Depending on the ferromagnet geometry and material parameters, this asymmetric behavior can be robust enough to survive even at high temperatures opening simplified venues for controlling magnetic states of nanodevices in practical applications. Using micromagnetic simulations we demonstrate the asymmetry in magnetization dynamics in a real system with reduced symmetry such as Pacman-like nanodot. Exploiting the built-in asymmetry in the dynamics could lead to practical methods of preparing desired spin configurations on nanoscale.