bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experts’ consensus on use of electronic cigarettes: a Delphi survey from Switzerland
Authors: Blaser Jeremie , Cornuz Jacques 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivesIn some countries, nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are considered a consumer product without specific regulations. In others (eg, Switzerland), the sale of e-cigarettes containing nicotine is forbidden, despite the eagerness of many smokers to obtain them. As scientific data about efficacy and long-term safety of these products are scarce, tobacco control experts are divided on how to regulate them. In order to gain consensus among experts to provide recommendations to health authorities, we performed a national consensus study.SettingWe used a Delphi method with electronic questionnaires to bring together the opinion of Swiss experts on e-cigarettes.Participants40 Swiss experts from across the country.Outcome measuresWe measured the degree of consensus between experts on recommendations regarding regulation, sale, use of and general opinion about e-cigarettes containing nicotine. New recommendations and statements were added following the experts’ answers and comments.ResultsThere was consensus that e-cigarettes containing nicotine should be made available, but only under specific conditions. Sale should be restricted to adults, using quality standards, a maximum level of nicotine and with an accompanying list of authorised ingredients. Advertisement should be restricted and use in public places should be forbidden.ConclusionsThese recommendations encompass three principles: (1) the reality principle, as the product is already on the market; (2) the prevention principle, as e-cigarettes provide an alternative to tobacco for actual smokers, and (3) the precautionary principle, to protect minors and non-smokers, since long-term effects are not yet known. Swiss authorities should design specific regulations to sell nicotine-containing e-cigarettes.
Patient and caregiver preferences for home dialysis—the home first study: a protocol for qualitative interviews and discrete choice experiments
Authors: Walker Rachael C , Morton Rachael L , Tong Allison , Marshall Mark R , Palmer Suetonia , Howard Kirsten 
Published: April 2015

IntroductionThe number of patients requiring dialysis continues to increase worldwide imposing a substantial social and economic burden on patients, their families and healthcare systems. Compared with facility-based dialysis, dialysis performed by the patient at home is associated with higher quality of life, freedom, survival and reduced healthcare costs. International guidelines recommend suitable patients are offered a choice of dialysis modality, including home-based dialysis. Predialysis education and offering patients choice increase home dialysis uptake, yet the factors that patients and families are willing to trade off in making decisions about dialysis location are not well understood. The Home First study will explore patients’ and caregivers’ beliefs, attitudes and preferences regarding dialysis education and decision-making with regards to dialysis options; to identify key attributes which influence their decision-making, and to quantify the relative value of these attributes.Methods and analysisThis study will use a mixed-methods approach to describe patient and caregiver preferences and views about the factors that influence their choice of home or facility-based dialysis. Face-to-face, semistructured interviews will be conducted with 30–40 patients and 10–15 caregivers. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts will be conducted. Additional to providing information on the perspectives and experiences of patients and caregivers, these analyses will also inform the design of discrete choice experiments (DCEs). We will undertake DCEs with approximately 150 patients and 150 caregivers to quantify preferences for home and facility dialysis.Ethics and disseminationThe Hawke's Bay, Counties Manukau, and Capital Coast District Health Board Research Ethics Committees approved the study. Findings will be presented in national/international conferences and peer-reviewed journals. Dissemination to patients will take the form of presentations, newsletters and reports to support and community groups. Reports will be disseminated to funders and participating renal units and to the New Zealand Ministry of Health.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000314527.
A cross-sectional study on person-centred communication in the care of older people: the COMHOME study protocol
Authors: Hafskjold Linda , Sundler Annelie J , Holmström Inger K , Sundling Vibeke , van Dulmen Sandra , Eide Hilde 
Published: April 2015

IntroductionThis paper presents an international cross-sectional study on person-centred communication with older people receiving healthcare (COMHOME). Person-centred care relies on effective communication, but few studies have explored this with a specific focus on older people. The main aim of the COMHOME study is to generate knowledge on person-centred communication with older people (>65 years) in home healthcare services, radiographic and optometric practice.Methods and analysisThis study will explore the communication between care providers and older persons in home care services. Home healthcare visits will be audiorecorded (n=500) in Norway, the Netherlands and Sweden. Analyses will be performed with the Verona Coding Definitions for Emotional Sequences (VR-CoDES), the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS) and qualitative methods. The content of the communication, communicative challenging situations as well as empathy, power distance, decision-making, preservation of dignity and respect will be explored. In Norway, an additional 100 encounters, 50 in optometric practice (video recorded) and 50 in radiographic practice (audiorecorded), will be analysed. Furthermore, healthcare providers’ self-reported communication skills, empathy, mindfulness and emotional intelligence in relation to observed person-centred communication skills will be assessed using well-established standardised instruments.Ethics and disseminationDepending on national legislation, approval of either the central ethical committees (eg, nation or university), the national data protection officials or the local ethical committees (eg, units of home healthcare) was obtained. Study findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. The research findings will add knowledge to improve services provided to this vulnerable group of patients. Additionally, the findings will underpin a training programme for healthcare students and care providers focusing on communication with older people.
Intended and unintended effects of large-scale adverse event disclosure: a controlled before-after analysis of five large-scale notifications
Authors: Wagner Todd H , Taylor Thomas , Cowgill Elizabeth , Asch Steven M , Su Pon , Bokhour Barbara , Durfee Janet , Martinello Richard A , Maguire Elizabeth , Elwy A Rani 
Published: April 2015

Background and objectiveHow patients respond to being notified of a large-scale adverse event (LSAE), such as improper sterilisation of medical equipment that exposes them to bloodborne pathogens, is not well known. The objective of this study was to determine, using administrative data, the intended and unintended consequences of patient notification following a LSAE.MethodsWe examined five LSAEs where patients may have been inadvertently exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV), HIV, and hepatitis B virus (HBV). A total of 9638 cases were identified at five Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) medical facilities between 2009 and 2012. We identified controls at the same facility prior to the exposure period and at neighbouring facilities (n=45 274). Difference-in-differences models were used with Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and Medicare data to examine infectious disease testing rates and subsequent utilisation patterns.ResultsReceipt of a LSAE notification was associated with a 73.2, 76.8 and 77.1 adjusted percentage point increase for HCV, HIV and HBV testing, respectively (all p<0.001). Compared with white patients, African–American patients were significantly less likely to return to VHA for follow-up testing. Patients exposed to a dental LSAE reduced their use of preventive and restorative dental care over the subsequent year, but they eventually came back to VHA for dental services 18-months post exposure.ConclusionsThe majority of patients notified of a LSAE responded by getting tested for HCV, HIV and HBV, although there remains room for improvement. Potential exposure to a LSAE was associated with increased odds of subsequently using non-VA facilities, but the size and timing of the shift depended on the type of care.
Gene Expression Profiling of Desmoid Tumors by cDNA Microarrays and Correlation with Progression-Free Survival
Authors: Salas Sébastien , Brulard Celine , Terrier Philippe , Ranchere-Vince Dominique , Neuville Agnes , Guillou Louis , Lae Marick , Leroux Agnes , Verola Olivier , Jean-Emmanuel Kurtz , Bonvalot Sylvie , Blay Jean-Yves , Le Cesne Axel , Aurias Alain , Coindre Jean-Michel , Chibon Frederic 
Published: April 2015

AbstractPurpose: Because desmoid tumors exhibit an unpredictable clinical course, translational research is crucial to identify the predictive factors of progression in addition to the clinical parameters. The main issue is to detect patients who are at a higher risk of progression. The aim of this work was to identify molecular markers that can predict progression-free survival (PFS).Experimental Design: Gene-expression screening was conducted on 115 available independent untreated primary desmoid tumors using cDNA microarray. We established a prognostic gene-expression signature composed of 36 genes. To test robustness, we randomly generated 1,000 36-gene signatures and compared their outcome association to our define 36-genes molecular signature and we calculated positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).Results: Multivariate analysis showed that our molecular signature had a significant impact on PFS while no clinical factor had any prognostic value. Among the 1,000 random signatures generated, 56.7% were significant and none was more significant than our 36-gene molecular signature. PPV and NPV were high (75.58% and 81.82%, respectively). Finally, the top two genes downregulated in no-recurrence were FECH and STOML2 and the top gene upregulated in no-recurrence was TRIP6.Conclusions: By analyzing expression profiles, we have identified a gene-expression signature that is able to predict PFS. This tool may be useful for prospective clinical studies. Clin Cancer Res; 21(18); 4194–200. ©2015 AACR.
POLE Proofreading Mutations Elicit an Antitumor Immune Response in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: van Gool Inge C. , Eggink Florine A. , Freeman-Mills Luke , Stelloo Ellen , Marchi Emanuele , de Bruyn Marco , Palles Claire , Nout Remi A. , de Kroon Cor D. , Osse Elisabeth M. , Klenerman Paul , Creutzberg Carien L. , Tomlinson Ian P.M. , Smit Vincent T.H.B.M. , Nijman Hans W. , Bosse Tjalling , Church David N. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Recent studies have shown that 7% to 12% of endometrial cancers are ultramutated due to somatic mutation in the proofreading exonuclease domain of the DNA replicase POLE. Interestingly, these tumors have an excellent prognosis. In view of the emerging data linking mutation burden, immune response, and clinical outcome in cancer, we investigated whether POLE-mutant endometrial cancers showed evidence of increased immunogenicity.
Experimental Design: We examined immune infiltration and activation according to tumor POLE proofreading mutation in a molecularly defined endometrial cancer cohort including 47 POLE-mutant tumors. We sought to confirm our results by analysis of RNAseq data from the TCGA endometrial cancer series and used the same series to examine whether differences in immune infiltration could be explained by an enrichment of immunogenic neoepitopes in POLE-mutant endometrial cancers.
Results: Compared with other endometrial cancers, POLE mutants displayed an enhanced cytotoxic T-cell response, evidenced by increased numbers of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD8A expression, enrichment for a tumor-infiltrating T-cell gene signature, and strong upregulation of the T-cell cytotoxic differentiation and effector markers T-bet, Eomes, IFNG, PRF, and granzyme B. This was accompanied by upregulation of T-cell exhaustion markers, consistent with chronic antigen exposure. In silico analysis confirmed that POLE-mutant cancers are predicted to display more antigenic neoepitopes than other endometrial cancers, providing a potential explanation for our findings.
Conclusions: Ultramutated POLE proofreading-mutant endometrial cancers are characterized by a robust intratumoral T-cell response, which correlates with, and may be caused by an enrichment of antigenic neopeptides. Our study provides a plausible mechanism for the excellent prognosis of these cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 21(14); 3347–55. ©2015 AACR.
Low levels of plasma protein S, protein C and coagulation factor XII during early pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcome
Authors: Ebina Yasuhiko , Ieko Masahiro , Naito Sumiyoshi , Kobashi Gen , Deguchi Masashi , Minakami Hisanori , Atsumi Tatsuya , Yamada Hideto 
Published: April 2015

SummaryIt was the study objective to evaluate whether low levels of plasma protein S (PS) activity, free PS, protein C (PC) activity and coagulation factor XII (FXII) during early pregnancy are related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Peripheral blood samples were obtained at 8–14 gestational weeks (GW) from a consecutive series of 1,220 women. The levels of plasma PS activity, free PS, PC activity, and FXII were measured. Cut-off values were defined as < 1st, < 5th, and < 10th percentiles of values obtained from 933 women whose pregnancies ended in normal deliveries without complications. PS activity of < 10th percentile yielded risks of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and severe PIH, while free PS level of < 5th percentile yielded a risk of preeclampsia. FXII level of < 1st percentile yielded a risk of premature delivery (PD) at < 34 GW. None was associated with PD at < 37 GW, fetal growth restriction or fetal loss. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that PS activity of < 10th percentile (odds ratio 5.9, 95 % confidence interval 1.7–18.1) and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (4.3, 1.1–13.3) were independent risk factors for severe PIH. Similarly, free PS level of < 5th percentile (4.4, 1.0–14.3) and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (4.0, 1.3–10.9) were independent risk factors for pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, women with low levels of plasma PS activity and free PS during early pregnancy might have increased risks of PIH, severe PIH or pre-eclampsia. Women with low FXII level might have an increased risk of PD at < 34 GW.
Genetic determinants of tissue factor pathway inhibitor plasma levels
Authors: Dennis Jessica , Kassam Irfahan , Morange Pierre-Emmanuel , Trégouët David-Alexandre , Gagnon France 
Published: April 2015

SummaryTissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) impedes early stages of the blood coagulation response, and low TFPI plasma levels increase the risk of thrombosis. TFPI plasma levels are heritable, but specific genetic determinants are unclear. We conducted a comprehensive review of genetic risk factors for TFPI plasma levels and identified 26 studies. We included 16 studies, as well as results from two unpublished genome-wide studies, in random effects meta-analyses of four commonly reported genetic variants in TFPI and its promoter (rs5940, rs7586970/rs8176592, rs10931292, and rs10153820) and 10 studies were summarised narratively. rs5940 was associated with all measures of TFPI (free, total, and activity), and rs7586970 was associated with total TFPI. Neither rs10931292 nor rs10153820 showed evidence of association. The narrative summary included 6 genes and genetic variants (P151L mutation in TFPI, PROS1, F5, APOE, GLA, and V617F mutation in JAK2) as well as a genome-wide linkage study, and suggested future research directions. A limitation of the systematic review was the heterogeneous measurement of TFPI. Nonetheless, our review found robust evidence that rs5940 and rs7586970 moderate TFPI plasma levels and are candidate risk factors for thrombosis, and that the regulation of TFPI plasma levels involves genetic factors beyond the TFPI gene.
Reflexões acerca de uma composição de modalidades tradutórias para verter neologismos: literalidade com criação lexical
Authors: Bastianetto Patrizia Collina 
Published: April 2015

Ao analisar a tradução italiana dos neologismos rosianos em <em>Grande sertão: veredas</em>, constatou-se um alto índice de ocorrências de tradução literal. Esse fato, acrescido das posturas divergentes de professores, tradutores e pesquisadores quanto à literalidade tradutória, convida a reconsiderar as potencialidades da tradução literal. Este estudo analisa a tradução de neologismos por essa modalidade, em combinação, ou não, com a criação lexical e apresenta duas hipóteses ligadas tanto à questão da tradução literal de neologismo, quanto à legibilidade do texto traduzido. Inspira-se em teóricos e pesquisadores como Newmark, Aubert e Mendes, a partir de exemplos do texto rosiano.
Refrações Na Bidirecionalidade Tradutória Inglês <-> Português
Authors: Gehring Sônia T. 
Published: April 2015

<p>O presente trabalho é parte integrante de uma linha de pesquisa de maior abrangência que busca contribuir para o estabelecimento de uma tipologia da tradução interlingual. Na presente pesquisa empreende-se um estudo comparativo sobre produtos acabados, buscando verificar a relevância ou não da direção tradutória no processo tradutório. Com tal propósito foram organizados dois córpus, ambos compostos de textos da área das Ciências Humanas (sociologia, política, antropologia, filosofia, psicologia, história), perfazendo um total de 6400 itens lexicais, aleatoriamente selecionados. Em um dos córpus, os textos fonte são de língua inglesa (britânica e estadunidense), com traduções publicadas para o português; no outro córpus, de português brasileiro, com traduções publicadas para o inglês. Como método do presente trabalho adotou-se o modelo proposto por Vinay &amp; Darbelnet (1958, 1977) e a reformulação do referido modelo realizada por Aubert (1984, 1997). Os dados obtidos na análise do córpus da presente pesquisa permitiram verificar a relevância da direção tradutória como fator condicionador da distribuição das modalidades de tradução e, por extensão, a não viabilidade da retroversão.</p>
Orlando: a história revisitada pela literatura e pelo cinema
Authors: Alves Soraya Ferreira 
Published: April 2015

Com <em>Orlando </em>(1928), Virginia Woolf lança a narrativa ficcional em nova experiência temporal, como se projetasse o fluxo da consciência interior para a suposta realidade exterior, ou seja, a história que, revisitada pela biografia, é narrada em um espaço-tempo relativo. Com a mesma liberdade que dispõe para viajar pela história, Woolf aborda temas como androginia, homossexualismo e critica a posição da mulher na sociedade. A proposta deste trabalho é observar como Sally Potter interpreta o romance <em>Orlando</em> em sua adaptação fílmica de 1992 e se ela desenha a intertextualidade como semiose reveladora do processo de tradução. Para isso, serão feitas considerações sobre os aspectos semióticos de cada um dos sistemas comparados, no caso a literatura e o cinema, tendo como base a teoria semiótica de Peirce, a teoria da tradução intersemiótica de Plaza e os estudos da adaptação de Catrysse.
Nas páginas dos jornais: o caráter diplomático atribuído à tradução literária em meados do século XX
Authors: Tooge Marly D'Amaro Blasques 
Published: April 2015

<p>O período da Segunda Guerra Mundial, quando o mercado editorial europeu se fechou para as Américas, surgindo a necessidade de alianças políticas estratégicas no continente americano, foi marcado por um aumento do número de traduções de obras brasileiras levadas para os Estados Unidos. Através da política de “Boa Vizinhança” do governo Roosevelt, foi criado o Gabinete do Coordenador de Assuntos Interamericanos (OCIAA), chefiado por Nelson Rockefeller, onde passou a funcionar um programa de intercâmbio cultural entre os Estados Unidos e o Brasil. Desse programa fazia parte o incentivo à literatura traduzida, vista como fonte de conhecimento mútuo. Criou-se, então, um padrão de comportamento que perdurou por décadas. Érico Veríssimo, Gilberto Freyre, Alfred e Blanche Knopf, Samuel Putnam e Harriet de Onís foram atores importantes nesse processo. E apesar de seu posicionamento de esquerda, até mesmo o escritor Jorge Amado se tornaria, na década de 1960, um <em>bestseller </em>americano, através dessa vertente “diplomática” da tradução. Os fatos acima descritos foram evidenciados em jornais e revistas da época, cuja cobertura é também apresentada neste artigo.</p>
A tradução tardia do Quixote em Portugal
Authors: Cobelo Silvia 
Published: April 2015

O presente trabalho é uma digressão sobre um fato histórico: a inexistência de uma tradução do <em>Quixote</em> em Portugal por 189 anos, período em que a obra foi editada e lida em espanhol. Inicia-se com um panorama da recepção da obra nesse país desde 1605 até 1793. Em 1794 aparece a primeira tradução ao português, sem indicação de tradutor, editada três vezes. Somente em 1876 surge a primeira tradução assinada, pelos Viscondes de Castilho, de Azevedo e por Pinheiro Chagas. Nesse ensejo, são discutidas as condições históricas e linguísticas que possibilitariam o fato da inexistência da tradução por quase dois séculos, com foco no bilinguismo cultural luso-espanhol que durou 250 anos. Ao final, apresenta-se um trecho do início da obra retirado das edições mencionadas. Por meio dela é possível que se visualize a maneira como O <em>Quixote </em>era lido pelos leitores dos séculos XVII, XVIII e XIX. A partir de então, apresentamos um diálogo entre alguns estudos da tradução, relacionando alguns temas como proximidade linguística, bilinguismo linguístico e cultural e seus reflexos nas traduções.
Elogio da tradução: uma leitura de Seu rosto amanhã, de Javier Marías
Authors: Martirani Maria Célia 
Published: April 2015

O escritor madrileno contemporâneo Javier Marías vem privilegiando, em sua narrativa ficcional, a tradução. Com efeito, especialmente em sua trilogia, intitulada Seu rosto amanhã (v.1: Febre e lança; v.2: Dança e sonho; v.3: Veneno, sombra e adeus), publicada, respectivamente, em 2002, 2004 e 2007, no Brasil pela Cia. das Letras, a arte de traduzir, sobretudo no 1º volume, assume papel central na estrutura do romance. Chama a atenção como ele a ficcionaliza e a torna complexa, transfigurando poeticamente muito de sua experiência real como tradutor. Nesse sentido, um dos traços recorrentes da obra, que aqui se pretende analisar, é o da exaltação da profissão de tradutor, que o protagonista narrador exerce e as consequências éticas a que isso conduz. Nosso estudo visa, pois, verificar os procedimentos narrativos do romance, partindo de alguns conceitos da teoria da tradução e de tradutor, propostos por Kade e Albrecht, num primeiro momento e a seguir, do modelo tradutório, cuja base é a da concepção centralizadora do papel do tradutor como leitor particular, que re-cria o texto, nos termos de Bausch, numa releitura de Arcaini.