bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P-212 NANOPARTICLES IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH: A COMPREHENSIVE LITERATURE REVIEW ON IMPACTS AND CHALLENGES FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Authors: Abreu Diogo , Alves Helena , Silva Laura , Camarinha Salomé , Pereira Miguel , Melo Daniel , Sardo Ana Paula , Mautempo Fernando 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Nanoparticles, ultrafine particles with dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers, have become integral to various industries for their unique properties and enhanced performance. Their widespread utilization in sectors such as electronics, cosmetics, medicine, and manufacturing has revolutionized product development and innovation, raising health and safety concerns.

Methods
Their minuscule size allows easy inhalation, posing risks to the respiratory system, with potential inflammation and respiratory disorders being major concerns, namely fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Skin absorption is another worry, potentially causing skin irritation and sensitization. Moreover, the high surface area and reactivity of nanoparticles can lead to cellular damage and oxidative stress. Furthermore, their potential for bioaccumulation raises concerns about long-term health effects.

Results
Occupational practitioners face complex challenges managing nanoparticle-related risks. Limited toxicity data and diverse nanoparticles complicate risk assessment. Specialized equipment and expertise are needed for monitoring exposure. Conventional protective gear may not suffice, requiring custom solutions. Regulatory frameworks struggle to address nanoparticle risks, creating safety guideline gaps. Comprehensive training and risk communication are vital for effective safety measures. Collaboration between researchers, regulators, industries, and occupational health services is crucial. Prioritizing safety measures and staying up-to-date with the latest research on nanomaterials is essential for maintaining a safe work environment.

Conclusion
This literature review emphasizes the significance of nanoparticles in occupational health and safety, and highlights the challenges faced by occupational health services. Proactive measures and a collective effort from all stakeholders are vital to ensure the responsible and safe integration of nanoparticles in the workplace.
O-132 SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN NURSING WORKERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: ESTIMATES OF FREQUENCY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS
Authors: Helioterio Margarete Costa , de Jesus Ana Paula Santos , De Souza Fernanda Oliveira , De Pinho Paloma Sousa , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro , De Araújo Tania Maria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused profound changes in nursing work, with increased work overload, lack of inputs, new flows, and changes in the organization of nursing work, which may pose an increased risk for mental disorders, especially depression.

Objective
To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among nursing workers.

Methods
Cross-sectional study with a random sample (n=317 of primary care and medium complexity nursing workers from three municipalities in Bahia, in 2021. Data collection consisted of applying a standardized questionnaire to collect sociodemographic, occupational, and health data in a face-to-face interview. The PHQ-9 assessed the depressive symptoms; the PHQ-9 was used. Analytical procedures included bivariate analyses and Poisson Regression with robust variance.

Results
The global prevalence of depression among nursing workers was 27.1%. Nurses had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (34.4%) than nursing technicians (22.4%). The nurse’s occupation was associated with depressive symptoms, with a 54% higher prevalence (RP=1.54 95% CI 1.06-2.22) concerning nursing techniques. Other demographic factors were not associated with the outcome. Occupational factors such as exposure to situations of aggression and threats carried out by companions (RP=1.85; 95%CI 1.27-2.70), bosses and co-workers (RP=1.82 95%CI 1.20-2.77), and violence at work (PR=1.76; 95%CI 1.20-2.56) were strongly associated with depressive symptoms.

Discussion and conclusion
The high prevalence of depressive symptoms among the nursing team reflects the context experienced by the health sector in Brazil during the pandemic. Stressful situations and exposure to violence, contribute to increased psychological morbidity among health workers, requiring measures to reduce identified exposure situations.
O-143 THE BURDEN OF SICKNESS ABSENTEEISM AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN A UNIVERSITY CHILDREN’S EMERGENCY HOSPITAL IN THE NORTH-EAST OF ROMANIA
Authors: Popa Maria Valentina , Gurzu Irina Luciana , Duceac Letitia Doina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic, with massive absenteeism from work due to sickness and quarantine, has put pressure on healthcare workers. Our study compared staff illness patterns in a pediatric emergency clinical university hospital during the pandemic with pre-pandemic years.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of temporary sickness incapacity was carried out using medical leaves data from 2017-2019 compared with 2020-2022.

Results
The sick leaves of 1217 employees were classified by disease groups. Between 2017 and 2022, the number of medical certificates showed an increasing trend. The highest number of employees on medical leave was in 2020 (24.2%). In 2021 and 2022, the number of sick leaves decreased, but the number of days/persons increased. 986 days of leave were recorded for SARS-CoV2 infection, with an average of 8.15 days/case.

Discussion
Prolonged sick leave was taken by healthcare workers with pre-existing conditions and early pandemic infections.. Those confirmed with COVID-19 were absent for a variable length of time depending on the course of the disease. Cases of respiratory illness increased in March 2020, paralleling the trajectory of the COVID-19 curve and decreased since 2021 due to mask use and vaccination. After returning to work, some workers required long-term follow-up in various specialties, resulting in days of temporary incapacity to work.

Conclusion
In times of health crisis, implementing measures to minimize sickness absenteeism among health workers is vital to maintain an effective health system and a work environment suitable for all workers.

Ethics approval
The study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children Iasi.
O-148 BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS OF IMPLEMENTING MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY PREVENTION PRACTICES BY MASSAGE THERAPISTS
Authors: Madigan Dana , Friedman Lee , Faydenko Jocelyn , Forst Linda , Cambron Jerrilyn 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Massage therapy involves pervasive ergonomic hazards, and most massage therapists (MTs) report experiencing adverse musculoskeletal health issues. Various barriers and facilitators can impact the efficacy of safety programs.

Methods
Baseline surveys were completed by MTs throughout the US recruited through two continuing education courses (n=8,305) to determine demographic characteristics, self-care behaviors, and self-reported musculoskeletal signs and symptoms. A subset (n=209) participated in a longitudinal study to characterize individual and organizational barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of self-care techniques designed to reduce musculoskeletal health issues.

Results
31.5% (n=2,615) reported that they always or often experienced musculoskeletal signs and symptoms due to work in the preceding month. An increased odds of this were associated with female massage therapists, hours per week giving massages, working in medical or spa/salon/franchise settings, and poorer health. In the same model, lower odds were observed with more minutes taken to warm up on days giving a massage. MTs who reported time as a barrier implemented 0.9 fewer self-care items despite wanting to make changes (p=0.003) and 1.4 fewer self-care items when management was identified as a barrier (p&lt;0.001). Only 277 MTs (3.3%) stated they notified their employer about their musculoskeletal signs and symptoms.

Discussion
Massage therapists commonly experience musculoskeletal signs and symptoms due to their work. They report knowledge of and desire to implement behaviors to prevent injury but face individual and organizational barriers.

Conclusion
Our findings show that organizational factors play a critical role in workplace safety, which can be used to improve working conditions faced by MTs.
O-149 WORKPLACE VIOLENCE IN A SECONDARY HOSPITAL IN WUHAN, CHINA IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A MIXED METHODS STUDY
Authors: Wang Fuyuan , Zhang Min 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The occupational health of health workers (HWs) has attracted widespread attention during COVID-19. The aim of this study is to explore risk factors for workplace violence (WPV) toward HWs and to provide tailored measures for prevention and control in the health sector.

Methods
In 2022, a mixed methods study was conducted in one sample hospital in Wuhan city, the hardest hit area by COVID-19 in China, combining a cross-sectional study on the risk factors and status of burnout and work ability, and qualitative interviews for the views of WPV. This study was approved for ethical review by the Peking Union Medical College.

Results
Among 571 respondents, the incidence rate of physical violence and psychological violence was 3.33% and 31.35%, respectively. Being male (OR=4.80, P=0.010), immigrating from other cities (OR=4.40, P=0.013), shift work (OR=2.83, P=0.001) and direct patient contact (OR=7.29, P&lt;0.001) were risk factors. The experience of psychological violence was associated with an increase of burnout (t=-4.02), and a decrease of work ability (t=4.77). The negative impacts of WPV incidents ranged from psychological, cognitive to work motivation. The causes of WPV incidents arose from individual factors, organizational factors, work environment, and social factors.

Discussion
WPV towards HWs is a global problem with country-specific features. This study suggests a specific picture for WPV prevention and control in the hospital. Further research is needed on psychological violence and mental health outcomes.

Conclusion
In the post-COVID era, tackling WPV in the health sector needs systemic measures, and should be integrated into the occupational safety and health management system.
O-152 THE DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A HOLISTIC JOB – LIFE DEMANDS – RESOURCES MODEL TO MEASURE PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS AND WELL-BEING OF THE SELF-EMPLOYED
Authors: Delvaux Ellen , Meeuwssen Marjan , Vandenbroeck Sofie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Within the Belgian context, a lot is known about the well-being and the work-related psychosocial risks for employees. However, we know less about the work-related well-being and psychosocial risks of the self-employed. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a holistic job – life demands – resources model to measure risk factors and well-being outcomes specific to the self-employed.

Methods
We tested this model in a cross-sectional online study with 4358 self-employed participants. To test the relationship between different risk factors and well-being indicators, we used correlation and regression analyses. To examine socio-demographic differences (e.g., gender, age, sector) in both risk factors and well-being indicators, we used Chi-square tests. The analyses were performed in SPSS.

Results
As expected, we found significant positive relationships between job resources (e.g., recognition) and well-being indicators (e.g., passion for the job), and between job demands (e.g., financial insecurity) and ill-being indicators (e.g., rumination) and significant negative relationships between job resources and ill-being indicators and job demands and well-being indicators. Also as expected, we found several significant differences in job demands – resources and well- and ill-being indicators based on characteristics such as gender, age and sector.

Discussion
Further research may validate this model in other national contexts. Also, longitudinal studies may shed light on the causal relationship between risk factors and well-being.

Conclusion
We found evidence for a holistic job – life demands – resources model for the self-employed. The findings from our study may inform programs and campaigns to foster the well-being of the self-employed.
P-283 ORGANIZATIONAL DIGITAL STRESS PREVENTION IN SMALL ENTERPRISES – PROCESS EVALUATION RESULTS OF A COMBINED WEB-BASED INTERVENTION
Authors: Scheepers Louisa , Engels Miriam , Boß Leif , Engels Judith , Kuhlmann Rebekka , Kuske Johanna , Pavlista Valeria , Schmidt-Stiedenroth Kira , Diebig Mathias , Angerer Peter , Hoewner Jörg , Lehr Dirk , Schwens Christia , Süß Stefan , Dragano Nico 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) rarely implement occupational stress prevention interventions due to limited resources and low prioritisation of stress prevention. To address these barriers, a user-friendly web-based stress prevention platform “System P” (SP) was developed for MSEs use without external help. It combines a psychosocial risk assessment (PRA) and an individual online stress management training (SMT). The study evaluates the implementation of System P in MSEs.

Methods
Via different addressing channels, more than 5413 MSEs were invited to use SP. As indicators for a successful implementation process, e.g. adoption, reach and fidelity were analysed, using a mixed-methods pre-post design with outcome measurements at baseline (T1) and after 6 months (T2), as well as SP usage data.

Results
Adoption: Between 12.2021 and 09.2022, 40 MSEs registered in SP, of which 24 adopted SP, characterized by good psychosocial safety climate. Reach: Within these MSEs, 17 % of the employees used SP. Fidelity: 11 MSEs started the PRA, one set up a measure, and no MSE finished the process. The SMT was started by 25 users and completed by 8 users.

Discussion
Only a small part of the target group was reached. Moreover, the sample was already highly informed about and showed high engagement in occupational stress prevention actions. Although MSEs started with the analysis, measures to improve work design were not taken. This matches the scientific findings in other contexts.

Conclusion
MSEs need to be accompanied by professionals to understand, systematically address and implement the issue of occupational stress prevention in the enterprises’ day-to-day work.
P-286 ERGONOMIC RISK REDUCTION BY IMPROVING WORK PROCESSES AND WORKSTATIONS FOR INFORMAL WORKERS IN STONE-TRIMMING
Authors: Theppitak Chalermsiri , Haputsa Budsakorn , Khamsai Supharak , Boonthos Saranya , Sitthisophonkamjorn Pawita , Ngansanthia Jenita , Nakaphong Aticha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Stone-trimming work involves inappropriate postures and repetitive motions for long periods which may increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This research aims to assess ergonomic risks and improve work processes and workstations to reduce ergonomic risks for stone-trimming workers.

Methods
The participants were 20 stone trimming workers. They were assessed ergonomic risks by Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) or Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Ergonomic risk reduction was made by improving work procedures and workstations. Ergonomic risk results and job satisfaction level were compared for before – after improvement. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee, Suranaree University with project code EC-62-115.

Results
Before improvement, the very high risk from REBA assessment was the stone-breaking process (11 points) and the stone-cutting process (10.6 points). The highest risk process from RULA assessment was the stone cracking and tying stone slabs with ropes (7 points). After improvement, it was found that the risk level of each step was slightly reduced. But the level of job satisfaction increased in terms of work efficiency, working environment, safety, and work processes.

Discussion
After using the stone wrapping device, ergonomic risk is slightly reduced. The time of each bind has been reduced from 41 to 20 seconds, and the hand/wrist rotation has been reduced from 8 to 2 per bind. Subjects feel comfortable without pain in hands and fingers.

Conclusion
Using the stone wrapping device and improvement of working processes and workstations slightly reduced the risk of ergonomics and the level of job satisfaction and efficiency increases.
O-160 ADVANCING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY: EMPLOYEE LED PARTICIPATORY ACTION FOR CHEMICAL/DUST EXPOSURE REDUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: Desai Nikunjkumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Chemical and dust exposure poses significant health risks to workers, leading to respiratory issues, skin irritations, and chronic illnesses. To address these challenges, employees initiated Chemical and Dust Exposure Reduction (CDER) projects under a continuous workplace excellence initiative aimed at minimizing these threats.

Methodology
CDER projects implemented in 46 plants in identified plants, categorized into CMR, Dust, HTM, and other chemicals projects. Tailored reduction methods, including engineering controls and cutting-edge technologies, were deployed to address specific challenges. Real time monitoring enabled swift responses to potential risks. Interventions: Key interventions involved substituting hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives, fostering a secure work environment. Success in reduction methods was reinforced by comprehensive communication programs empowering employees to adopt safety practices effectively. Safety protocols were reinforced to ensure the safe and efficient application of these reduction methods. Regular equipment maintenance and calibration were implemented to sustain optimal performance.

Results
Out of the 5,870 working population in Refinery and petrochemicals plants, 329 (5.6%) were exposed and hence directly benefited from the projects. Benefits were seen in terms of Occupational health hazards related to CMR (78 individuals), dust (151 individuals), HTMs (27 individuals), and other chemicals (73 individuals). The projects led to cost savings of approximately 19,00,000/- INR and enhanced administrative efficiency through automation. Inherent safety measures were strengthened, providing superior worker protection.

Discussion and Conclusion
The CDER projects yielded benefits for both the environment and the workers. Emissions were significantly reduced, resulting in a safer and more ecofriendly work environment. Workers’ occupational health also improved significantly due to minimized hazardous exposures.
P-297 EFFECTIVE HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT FOCUSING NON-ROUTINE ACTIVITIES AT REFINERY – IMPORTANT TO REDUCE HEALTH RISK
Authors: Khodadiya Bhavesh , Serathia Pradip , Patel Dhaval 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction & Objective
At refinery operations, non-routine activities are performed infrequently based on operation requirements like emergency maintenance, start up, shutdown, slowdown etc. These are important as details of the health hazards and control measures may not be fully known which increases uncertainty and complexity to their risk scenarios control. The objective is a proactive approach to identify such activities & advising appropriate control measures to enhance workplace healthiness.

Method
We adopted AIHA exposure & risk assessment methodology. First, we did basic characterization which includes workplace, workforce & prospective hazards. At refinery plant operation areas total around 6000 workforce was targeted doing total 11 types of non-routine activities like insulation removal, refractory removal, sludge removal, buffing, grinding, welding, blasting, painting etc. Exposure assessment and risk characterization done based on the quantitative data, comparing standard guidelines ACGIH. Control measures advised and confirmation of the effectiveness done with periodic evaluation.

Result
We observed high health risks in 2 activities for chemical exposure, 4 for dust exposure, 2 heat exposure and 3 noise exposure. Control measures advised like substitution of pyridine with acridine, fume extractor system for welding fume, local exhaust ventilation system for catalyst unloading, supplied air line for blasting activity, organic vapor full face mask for painting, cooling jackets for heat stress activities. The total number of persons benefitted is around 1530.

Discussion and Conclusion
Effective health risk assessment is a vital tool for quantifying health risk and implementing control measures for non-routine activities. Ultimately reduces the health risks and makes the workplace and workforce healthy and safe.
P-299 COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CASE OF MANAGMENT IN A CHEMICAL PLANT IN BRAZIL
Authors: Azevedo Valmir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In a chemical industry, where 700 employees and 500 contractors work, after the declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by WHO on January 30, 2020, a Pandemic Planning Guidance was implemented to manage the issue.

Methods and Résults
The study consisted of raising the actions were developed during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Discussion From March 2020 to May 2023, an array of actions were taken to prevent the transmission of Covid-19, to properly treat patients and to guarantee the continuity of the plant’s operation: formation of a management group in line with WHO guidelines and the Pandemic Planning Guidance of the business group; allocation of most administrative employees to a HO; online meetings; adjustments to employees transport and the restaurant; implementation of controls for truck drivers and for technical visits; a communication system for employees and third parties about respiratory symptoms; mandatory use of appropriate masks throughout the working day; hand hygiene; physical distancing; 2372 tests were performed on respiratory symptoms before going to work and 19.5% were positive; 8 people were hospitalized and, 1 died before the vaccine campaign; 100% of employees and third parties were fully vaccinated. None of the cases contracted the disease while working. As result of the actions, the plant did not stop its operation any day during the pandemic.

Discussion and Conclusion
Crisis management during the Covid-19 pandemic was very successful, as it involved everyone’s commitment and prevented the spread of the disease among employees and third parties, as well as avoiding the stoppage of the site’s industrial activities.