bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endomorphism ring of local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals
Authors: Talemi Atiyeh Pour Eshmanan , Tehranian Abolfazl 
Published: November 2014

Let (R, 𝔪, k) be a complete Gorenstein local ring of dimension n. Let [Formula: see text] be the local cohomology module with respect to a pair of ideals I, J and [Formula: see text]. In this paper we will show that the endomorphism ring [Formula: see text] is a commutative ring. In particular if [Formula: see text] for all i ≠ t, then B is isomorphic to R. Also we prove that, B is a finite R-module if and only if [Formula: see text] is an Artinian R-module, where d = n - t. Moreover we will show that in the case that [Formula: see text] for all i ≠ t the natural homomorphism [Formula: see text] is nonzero which gives a positive answer to a conjecture due to Hellus–Schenzel (see [On cohomologically complete intersections, J. Algebra 320 (2008) 3733–3748]).
Development of North Atlantic Tropical Disturbances near Upper-Level Potential Vorticity Streamers
Authors: Galarneau Thomas J. , McTaggart-Cowan Ron , Bosart Lance F. , Davis Christopher A. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Tropical cyclone (TC) development near upper-level potential vorticity (PV) streamers in the North Atlantic is studied from synoptic climatology, composite, and case study perspectives. Midlatitude anticyclonic wave breaking is instrumental in driving PV streamers into subtropical and tropical latitudes, in particular near the time-mean midocean trough identified previously as the tropical upper-tropospheric trough. Twelve TCs developed within one Rossby radius of PV streamers in the North Atlantic from June through November 2004–08. This study uses composite analysis in the disturbance-relative framework to compare the structural and thermodynamic evolution for developing and nondeveloping cases.
The results show that incipient tropical disturbances are embedded in an environment characterized by 850–200-hPa westerly vertical wind shear and mid- and upper-level quasigeostrophic ascent associated with the PV streamer, with minor differences between developing and nondeveloping cases. The key difference in synoptic-scale flow between developing and nondeveloping cases is the strength of the anticyclone north of the incipient tropical disturbance. The developing cases are marked by a stronger near-surface pressure gradient and attendant easterly flow north of the vortex, which drives enhanced surface latent heat fluxes and westward (upshear) water vapor transport. This evolution in water vapor facilitates an upshear propagation of convection, and the diabatically influenced divergent outflow erodes the PV streamer aloft by negative advection of PV by the divergent wind. This result suggests that the PV streamer plays a secondary role in TC development, with the structure and intensity of the synoptic-scale anticyclone north of the incipient vortex playing a primary role.
Multifractal analysis of 3D video representation formats
Authors: Zeković Amela , Reljin Irini 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
One of the main properties of a three-dimensional (3D) video is the large amount of data, which impose challenges for network transport of videos, in applications such as digital video broadcast (DVB), streaming over IP networks, or for transmission over mobile broadband. Addressing these challenges requires a thorough understanding of the characteristics and traffic properties of 3D video formats.
We analyzed 3D video formats using publicly available long video frame-size traces of videos in full high definition (HD) resolution with two views. Examined 3D video representation formats are the multiview (MV) video format, the frame sequential (FS) format, and the side-by-side (SBS) format. We performed a multifractal analysis through extensive simulation and showed multifractal properties of 3D video representation formats. It was shown that the MV video had the highest multifractal nature, while the FS video had the lowest. Also, a part of the multifractal spectrum connected to the highest changes in the signal (high bitrate variability) is analyzed in detail. Changes in multifractal properties for different streaming approaches of 3D videos with aggregated frames are examined, as well as the influence of frame types and values of quantization parameters. Multifractal analysis was performed by the method of moments and by the histogram method.
Clinical relevance of pulse pressure variations for predicting fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients: the grey zone approach
Authors: Biais Matthieu , Ehrmann Stephan , Mari Arnaud , Conte Benjamin , Mahjoub Yazine , Desebbe Olivier , Pottecher Julien , Lakhal Karim , Benzekri-Lefevre Dalila , Molinari Nicolas , Boulain Thierry , Lefrant Jean-Yves , Muller Laurent ,   with the collaboration of AzuRea Group
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Pulse pressure variation (PPV) has been shown to predict fluid responsiveness in ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The present study was aimed at assessing the diagnostic accuracy of PPV for prediction of fluid responsiveness by using the grey zone approach in a large population.

Methods
The study pooled data of 556 patients from nine French ICUs. Hemodynamic (PPV, central venous pressure (CVP) and cardiac output) and ventilator variables were recorded. Responders were defined as patients increasing their stroke volume more than or equal to 15% after fluid challenge. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and grey zone were defined for PPV. The grey zone was evaluated according to the risk of fluid infusion in hypoxemic patients.

Results
Fluid challenge led to increased stroke volume more than or equal to 15% in 267 patients (48%). The areas under the ROC curve of PPV and CVP were 0.73 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68 to 0.77) and 0.64 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.70), respectively (P <0.001). A grey zone of 4 to 17% (62% of patients) was found for PPV. A tidal volume more than or equal to 8 ml.kg-1 and a driving pressure (plateau pressure - PEEP) more than 20 cmH2O significantly improved the area under the ROC curve for PPV. When taking into account the risk of fluid infusion, the grey zone for PPV was 2 to 13%.

Conclusions
In ventilated ICU patients, PPV values between 4 and 17%, encountered in 62% patients exhibiting validity prerequisites, did not predict fluid responsiveness.
BrainCheck - a very brief tool to detect incipient cognitive decline: optimized case-finding combining patient- and informant-based data
Authors: Ehrensperger Michael M , Taylor Kirsten I , Berres Manfred , Foldi Nancy S , Dellenbach Myriam , Bopp Irene , Gold Gabriel , von Gunten Armin , Inglin Daniel , Müri René , Rüegger Brigitte , Kressig Reto W , Monsch Andreas U 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Optimal identification of subtle cognitive impairment in the primary care setting requires a very brief tool combining (a) patients’ subjective impairments, (b) cognitive testing, and (c) information from informants. The present study developed a new, very quick and easily administered case-finding tool combining these assessments (‘BrainCheck’) and tested the feasibility and validity of this instrument in two independent studies.

Methods
We developed a case-finding tool comprised of patient-directed (a) questions about memory and depression and (b) clock drawing, and (c) the informant-directed 7-item version of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). Feasibility study: 52 general practitioners rated the feasibility and acceptance of the patient-directed tool. Validation study: An independent group of 288 Memory Clinic patients (mean ± SD age = 76.6 ± 7.9, education = 12.0 ± 2.6; 53.8% female) with diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment (n = 80), probable Alzheimer’s disease (n = 185), or major depression (n = 23) and 126 demographically matched, cognitively healthy volunteer participants (age = 75.2 ± 8.8, education = 12.5 ± 2.7; 40% female) partook. All patient and healthy control participants were administered the patient-directed tool, and informants of 113 patient and 70 healthy control participants completed the very short IQCODE.

Results
Feasibility study: General practitioners rated the patient-directed tool as highly feasible and acceptable. Validation study: A Classification and Regression Tree analysis generated an algorithm to categorize patient-directed data which resulted in a correct classification rate (CCR) of 81.2% (sensitivity = 83.0%, specificity = 79.4%). Critically, the CCR of the combined patient- and informant-directed instruments (BrainCheck) reached nearly 90% (that is 89.4%; sensitivity = 97.4%, specificity = 81.6%).

Conclusion
A new and very brief instrument for general practitioners, ‘BrainCheck’, combined three sources of information deemed critical for effective case-finding (that is, patients’ subject impairments, cognitive testing, informant information) and resulted in a nearly 90% CCR. Thus, it provides a very efficient and valid tool to aid general practitioners in deciding whether patients with suspected cognitive impairments should be further evaluated or not (‘watchful waiting’).
Differentiating between visual hallucination-free dementia with Lewy bodies and corticobasal syndrome on the basis of neuropsychology and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography
Authors: Misch Michael R , Mitchell Sara , Francis Philip L , Sherborn Kayla , Meradje Katayoun , McNeely Alicia A , Honjo Kie , Zhao Jiali , Scott Christopher JM , Caldwell Curtis B , Ehrlich Lisa , Shammi Prathiba , MacIntosh Bradley J , Bilbao Juan M , Lang Anthony E , Black Sandra E , Masellis Mario 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) are atypical parkinsonian disorders with fronto-subcortical and posterior cognitive dysfunction as common features. While visual hallucinations are a good predictor of Lewy body pathology and are rare in CBS, they are not exhibited in all cases of DLB. Given the clinical overlap between these disorders, neuropsychological and imaging markers may aid in distinguishing these entities.

Methods
Prospectively recruited case–control cohorts of CBS (n =31) and visual hallucination-free DLB (n =30), completed neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric measures as well as brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Perfusion data were available for forty-two controls. Behavioural, perfusion, and cortical volume and thickness measures were compared between the groups to identify features that serve to differentiate them.

Results
The Lewy body with no hallucinations group performed more poorly on measures of episodic memory compared to the corticobasal group, including the delayed and cued recall portions of the California Verbal Learning Test (F (1, 42) =23.1, P <0.001 and F (1, 42) =14.0, P =0.001 respectively) and the delayed visual reproduction of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (F (1, 36) =9.7, P =0.004). The Lewy body group also demonstrated reduced perfusion in the left occipital pole compared to the corticobasal group (F (1,57) =7.4, P =0.009). At autopsy, the Lewy body cases all demonstrated mixed dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer’s disease and small vessel arteriosclerosis, while the corticobasal cases demonstrated classical corticobasal degeneration in five, dementia with agyrophilic grains + corticobasal degeneration + cerebral amyloid angiopathy in one, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in two, and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration-Ubiquitin/TAR DNA-binding protein 43 proteinopathy in one. MRI measures were not significantly different between the patient groups.

Conclusions
Reduced perfusion in the left occipital region and worse episodic memory performance may help to distinguish between DLB cases who have never manifested with visual hallucinations and CBS at earlier stages of the disease. Development of reliable neuropsychological and imaging markers that improve diagnostic accuracy will become increasingly important as disease modifying therapies become available.
Severe and enduring eating disorders: recognition and management
Authors: Robinson Paul 
Published: November 2014

SummaryPatients with severe and enduring eating disorders (SEED) may constitute a specific group. It is proposed that patients with anorexia nervosa (SEED-AN) or bulimia nervosa (SEED-BN) that requires the regular attention of a multidisciplinary team and is of a duration known to have a low recovery rate should be included in the SEED group. These patients present with a combination of severe symptoms and long-term illness, and may experience serious chronic physical sequelae (e.g. osteoporosis and renal failure), marked social isolation and stigma. Their carers suffer from the stress of caring for them over a prolonged period. Symptoms, treatment and crisis management of SEED-AN are discussed. SEED is a relatively recently described area of eating disorders psychiatry that requires research and service development so that patients and carers are helped to cope with very serious chronic, but not incurable, conditions.Learning Objectives•Understand the definition of SEED-AN and SEED-BN.•Be able to assess the physical and psychological state of patients with SEED-AN and SEED-BN.•Be able to plan the monitoring and treatment of patients with SEED, involving their carers and families.
Drug and alcohol addiction: new challenges
Authors: Luty Jason 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThere have been many developments in addiction psychiatry over the past decade. Some of these are political, such as preference for recovery-/ abstinence-based programmes. Prohibition is becoming increasingly unrealistic, especially considering the effective legalisation of recreational cannabis in Uruguay and two US states. Legal highs and diversion of prescribed drugs (such as methadone, gabapentinoids, methylphenidate and benzodiazepines) are now a major problem. Furthermore, diversion of opioid drugs that are prescribed for pain is reaching epidemic proportions, causing a significant change in the nature of patients being referred to addiction services.Learning Objectives•Be aware of political issues regarding abstinence-based treatment and prohibition.•Be aware of risks and increased prevalence of diversion of drugs of misuse, especially opioid pain killers, gabapentinoids and benzodiazepines.•Update knowledge of problems with methadone such as cardiac arrhythmias and diversion.
Legalising assisted suicide: keeping sight of the fundamental issues: commentary on… crossing the rubicon?
Authors: Preston Robert 
Published: November 2014

SummaryAssisting another person's suicide is a criminal offence in England and Wales, although the offence is rare and the law allows for charges not to be brought where there has been no criminal intent. Campaigners for ‘assisted dying’ want something else – a law licensing assisted suicide in advance for certain groups of people in certain circumstances. The present law has been challenged in the courts, hitherto unsuccessfully, as incompatible with article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The Supreme Court has taken the view that, given its social policy implications, this is a matter that Parliament is better placed to consider than the courts.
Carving bipolarity using a lithium sword
Authors: Malhi Gin S. , Geddes John R. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThe classification of mood disorders lacks precision and consequently there
has been no recent meaningful advance in their treatment. By virtue of its
therapeutic specificity, lithium responsivity offers an opportunity to
diagnose a definitive subtype of mood disorders that may provide a platform
for the development of targeted therapy.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN INDUSTRY CLUSTERS AS AN INDICATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Bembenek Bogusław , Piecuch Teresa 
Published: November 2014

The article emphasizes the fact that industry clusters, as organisations, composing of various subsystems through mutual cooperation, are able to successfully attain the established objectives. Their capability to work efficiently is determined, however, by the quantity and quality of the knowledge they possess.Knowledge, as a component of intellectual capital, is currently the key strategic resource of clusters. Even more crucial is the way in which a manager of a cluster achieves, processes, transfers, and protects the knowledge. Assuming that knowledge management influences the results of a cluster, the article determines the significance of this process, and indicates the need for ceaseless development.
MANUFACTURING AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT AREAS USING PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE PATH MODELING WITH MULTIPLE REGRESSION COMPARISON
Authors: Perry Carlos Monge , Álvarez Jesús Cruz , López Jesús Fabián 
Published: November 2014

Structural equation modeling (SEM) has traditionally been deployed in areas of marketing, consumer satisfaction and preferences, human behavior, and recently in strategic planning. These areas are considered their niches; however, there is a remarkable tendency in empirical research studies that indicate a more diversified use of the technique. This paper shows the application of structural equation modeling using partial least square (PLS-SEM), in areas of manufacturing, quality, continuous improvement, operational efficiency, and environmental responsibility in Mexico’s medium and large manufacturing plants, while using a small sample (n = 40). The results obtained from the PLS-SEM model application mentioned, are highly positive, relevant, and statistically significant. Also shown in this paper, for purposes of validity, reliability, and statistical power confirmation of PLS-SEM, is a comparative analysis against multiple regression showing very similar results to those obtained by PLS-SEM. This fact validates the use of PLS-SEM in areas of untraditional scientific research, and suggests and invites the use of the technique in diversified fields of the scientific research
MANAGEMENT OF SPECIAL FOOD PRODUCT – AN OPPORTUNITY FOR MARKET EXPANSION IN THE REGION AND EUROPEAN FOOD MARKET
Authors: Nedović Mirjana , Babić Lovro 
Published: November 2014

This research is based on conducted surveys with potential consumers of a food product called “kulen” a Slavonian traditional dry fermented salami, as an indigenous Croatian product, covering two counties (Osiječko-Baranjska and Vukovarsko-Srijemska). The surveys include the manufacturer’s attitude toward the special traditional product kulen, their place in the market, strengths, and weaknesses. The aim of this paper is to analyze the market for kulen food products, based on consumers’ responses and their willingness to purchase the product. The results showed that in the two counties, most consumers purchase salami once a week from a Croatian market—a crucial indicator for consumption of quality products. With Croatia’s accession to the European Union, Croatian manufacturers have found themselves within the unified European market. This primarily means an expanding market where they can sell more of their products. However, the entry of new producers into the Croatian market would also increase competition. In such case, some manufacturers will have to lower the price of their products to become more competitive, while those whose products have unique geographical indications, designations of origin, and traditional specialty would certainly be able to set a higher price for their products.
EUROPEAN FUNDS MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS—A CASE STUDY OF EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUNDS IN ROMANIA FROM 2007 TO 2013
Authors: Foris Tiberiu , Foris Diana 
Published: November 2014

This article focuses on fund financing management of one of the utmost important European Union funds, the European Social Fund (ESF), and its implementation in Romania in its post adherence period (2007-2013). In this respect, the main aspects regarding the management and implementation of this program in Romania, as compared to other European countries, are analyzed taking into consideration the declared objectives at its launching moment. Through a defective management, these objectives have not reached their target, whereas the educational market of continuous adult education has been strongly distorted from the competitive point of view. Moreover, due to inadequate financial management, many of the involved agencies—private companies, schools, constitutive parts of the civil society, have gone bankrupted—the fact that would lead to a serious social imbalance.The research part of this article, being implied in the management of the most important strategic projects of this program (projects in qualifications for the spa tourism, agro-tourism, and food industry), presents a critical point of view on ESF management at a national level and highlights a set of proposals and recommendations, so that, between 2014 and 2020, Romania should be aligned with the European standards regarding the performance in implementing programs with non-reimbursable financing.
FORMAL DECENTRALIZATION OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE IN ALBANIA
Authors: Lami Roland 
Published: November 2014

This article presents an argument on the regional effects of migration on Albanian administrative-territorial reform and its consolidation. Many researchers of local politics support the thesis that an important demographic change is accompanied by a change related to the quality of service at local governance level. Compare to the Western and Eastern European countries, only in the early 1960s, Albania witnessed the introduction of the first regional and urban strategies. The strategy was used to limit the expansion of large towns and to encourage the development of small and medium-sized towns. Furthermore, there are a limited number of case studies based on migration data at regional level. This is why territorial reforms should often reflect ongoing demographic changes to minimize the effects caused by overpopulation, or significant reduction of the number of population in a local unit, with respect to quality of service offered to the citizens. We discuss the research question of “how will the demographic development, i.e. natural development of population as well as internal migration, affect different types of Albanian regions?” as well as “what is the impact of demographic movements on the quality of local governance?”Based on the interpretation of some regional units, i.e. Tirana, Durres, and Fier, it is confirmed that the demographic movements in the last twenty years in Albania have brought about some changes. In some local units, the number of inhabitants is significantly reduced, while some other local units are overpopulated. This new reality leads to implications in economic, social and cultural aspects; and most importantly, we noticed an increasing dependency of local government on the central government. We further claim that local and regional authorities must participate in accordance with the “partnership” principle. Under these conditions, it is necessary to plan a new territorial division.