bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Group Integrated Exercise versus Recovery Class for Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Neylan Thomas C. , Muratore Laura A. , Williams Chanda L. , Schmitz Martha , Valdez Courtney V. , Maguen Shira , O’Donovan Aoife , Kelley D. Parker , Metzler Thomas J. , Cohen Beth E. , West Anna C. , Phan Jordan D.V. , Antonetti Victor , Mayzel Olga , Hlavin Jennifer A. , Chesney Margaret A. , Mehling Wolf E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

There are no reported randomized trials testing exercise versus an active comparator for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This randomized clinical trial assessed the effectiveness of group exercise versus psychoeducation to improve quality of life and reduces symptomatic severity in Veterans with PTSD. Veterans who met criteria for current PTSD (DSM-5) and/or endorsed moderate levels of PTSD symptoms (CAPS 5 score ≥ 23) were randomly assigned to treatment. Integrative Exercise (IE) combines fitness exercises (aerobics, resistance training, stretching) with mindful body/breath awareness versus Recovery Class (REC) psychoeducation control condition. A total of 84 participants were enrolled of which 41 participants were randomized to IE and 43 participants to REC. There were no significant pre-post differences in change in the WHOQOL Psychological Domain in either group. There was a modest reduction in the total CAPS-5 score in both groups (IE: -8.2 (9.9), p < .001: REC: -7.8 (2.0), p < .001) but no differences across the two conditions. In the IE subsample that was remote, there was a greater improvement in PTSD symptom severity (F[1, 50] = 4.62, p = .036) and in in the WHOQOL Psychological Domain (F(1, 47) = 6.46, p = .014) in those who attended more sessions.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02856412 (registration date: February 27, 2017)
Quantitative Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Urban Rail Transits through Carbon Emission Reduction—A Case Study of Beijing Municipality
Authors: Jia Cai , Wang Xudong , Qian Chengyang , Cao Zini , Zhao Long , Lin Luzhou 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Urban rail transit, as an efficient and eco-friendly mode of transportation, plays a pivotal role in mitigating traffic congestion and lowering urban carbon emissions. Despite the significant contributions by scholars in this area, debates surrounding the quantification of carbon emissions during the operational phase of urban rail transit persist, particularly in assessing its impact on reducing ground traffic congestion. This study focuses on the passenger flows in Beijing during peak morning and evening hours, postulating a shift from urban rail transit to alternative modes, such as buses and taxis. A model predicting traffic congestion states based on passenger flow and other relevant parameters was developed. Through this model, the study calculates the potential congestion times across various scenarios, employing a bottom-up approach to carbon emission estimation to analyze the impact on carbon emissions. Results spanning 2015 to 2021 suggest that substituting urban rail transit with buses could increase congestion by 76–169 minutes and 101–162 minutes during morning and evening peaks, respectively, leading to a 27%-51% and 31%-55% surge in carbon emissions. Conversely, a shift to taxis could result in a 271–291 minutes and 252–312 minutes increment in congestion times, with carbon emissions spiking by 130%-222% and 142%-236%, respectively. These outcomes emphasize the substantial efficacy of urban rail transit in curbing traffic congestion and carbon emissions.
Agonistic behavior of the neotropical cricket Eidmanacris meridionalis Desutter Grandcolas, 1995 (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae)
Authors: Macarini Leanna Camila , Zefa Edison , Souza-Dias Pedro Guilherme Barrios , Szinwelski Neucir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The examination of agonistic behavior in Neotropical crickets provides insight into the intricate strategies they employ to establish dominance. This study focuses on Eidmanacris meridionalis, a non-stridulating species belonging to the Phalangopsidae family. Through observations of male-male encounters, we outline a sequence of behaviors, encompassing environmental and opponent recognition, agonistic conflict, and the determination of dominance and submission. Our observations unveil a diverse repertoire of agonistic behaviors, including body lifting, fighting, and biting, indicating the presence of complex communication and conflict resolution mechanisms. Antennal signaling and body size assessment likely serve as crucial factors in these interactions. Moreover, we note submissive males displaying behaviors akin to females during copulation, hinting at a potential interconnection between mating competition and agonistic interactions. These behaviors not only shape social hierarchies but also exert influence over reproductive success and survival. This study underscores the significance of ethological research in unraveling the intricacies of cricket biology and ecology while posing intriguing avenues for future investigations.
Robotic purse-string suture technique for intracorporeal anastomosis using double- stapling technique in robotic resection of rectal and sigmoid colon cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Hiraki Masayuki , Yanagisawa Kiminori , Ikeshima Ryo , Hata Taishi , Arita Asami , Katsuyama Shinsuke , Shinke Go , Kinoshita Mitsuru , Ohmura Yoshiaki , Sugimura Keijiro , Masuzawa Toru , Takeda Yutaka , Murata Kohei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Robotic three-dimensional magnified visual effects and field of view stabilization have enabled precise surgical operations. Intracorporeal anastomosis in colorectal cancer surgery is expected to shorten operation times, avoid paralytic ileus, and shorten wound lengths; however, few studies have reported on intracorporeal anastomosis in left-sided colorectal cancer surgery. Herein, we introduce a simple, novel procedure for using robotic purse-string suture (RPSS) in intracorporeal anastomosis with the double-stapling technique in rectal and sigmoid cancer surgery and report short-term outcomes.
Methods: From September 2022 to April 2024, 105 consecutive patients underwent robotic surgery with double-stapling technique anastomosis for rectal or sigmoid colon cancer at our institution. Their data were retrospectively analyzed. Intracorporeal anastomosis with the double-stapling technique using RPSS was performed in 26 patients (the RPSS group), while the double-stapling technique anastomosis with extracorporeal anvil fixation was performed in 79 patients (the EC group).
In the RPSS group, after tumor-specific or total mesorectal excision, specimens were extracted from the umbilical wound with simultaneous anvil placement in the body cavity. The oral colonic stump was robotically excised and robotically circumferentially stitched with 3-0 Prolene in all layers. After anvil insertion into the stump, the bowel wall of the colon was completely sewn onto the central rod of the anvil. Reconstructions were anastomosed using the double-stapling technique.
Results: Twenty-six patients successfully completed surgery using RPSS. The RPSS group had significantly less bleeding and shorter umbilical wound lengths than the EC group. Super-low anterior resection in the RPSS group had shorter total operative times than those in the EC group (p=0.06). The RPSS group experienced no perioperative complications greater than Clavien–Dindo grade III or any anastomosis-related complications.
Conclusions: The RPSS technique can be performed safely without any anastomosis-related complications and tends to reduce the total operative time in super-low anterior resection through total robotic surgery. This may be a useful, less-invasive modality for robotic colorectal surgery.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of poor prognosis in children with complicated acute hematogenous osteomyelitis treated with Vaccum Sealing Drainage
Authors: Guo Jiale , Wei Feng , Song Baojian , Zhu Danjiang , Wen Yuwei , Wang Qiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of children with complicated acute hematogenous osteomyelitis treated with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in our institution, and to explore the risk factors for poor prognosis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of patients diagnosed with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis from December 2015 to December 2022. The demographic profiles, treatment procedures, examination results, and follow-up information of the patients were meticulously recorded. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the occurrence of treatment failure, deformity, limb length discrepancy, growth arrest, osteonecrosis, chronic osteomyelitis, pathological fracture, chondrolysis, and recurrence: good prognosis group and poor prognosis group. The clinical features and laboratory data of the two groups were investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis to find the independent risk variables impacting the prognosis. The performance of the regression model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
A total of 150 patients who met the inclusion criteria were followed up for an average of 3.4 years (range: 1.0–7.0 years). There were 31 patients (21%) in the poor prognosis group. In all cases, after 7 days of continuous saline irrigation and 2 surgical debridement, 75% of the infections were completely controlled, and the local abscess disappeared in 86% of the patients. By regression analysis, leukocyte admission (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.0–1.4]; P = 0.04), first postoperative C-reactive protein level (aOR 1.04; 95% (CI), [1.0–1.07], P = 0.034), time to diagnosis of osteomyelitis (aOR 1.3; 95% (CI), [1.1–1.6], P = 0.012), and days of fever with antibiotics (aOR 1.5; 95% (CI), [1.1–2.2], P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for poor outcomes. The four variables combined to construct an efficient prediction model, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85.
Conclusion
The innovative application of vacuum sealing drainage technology in the management of complicated patients with substantially localized abscesses achieved significant efficacy, while one-third of children still had unfavorable outcomes. High-risk groups with recurrence and sequelae necessitate regular follow-up and even long-term orthopedic intervention.
Very-Large-Scale Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Dynamic Control of Terahertz and Millimetre Waves
Authors: Kocabas Coskun , Malevich Yury , Ergoktas M. Said , Bakan Gokhan , Steiner Pietro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Unlocking the potential of terahertz (THz) and millimetre (mm) waves for next generation communications1–4 and imaging 5,6 applications requires reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) with programmable elements that can manipulate the waves in real-time7. Realization of this technology has been hindered by the lack of efficient THz electro-optical materials and THz semiconductor platform. Here, by merging graphene-based THz modulators and the thin-film transistor (TFT) technology, we demonstrate mega-scale spatial light modulator arrays with individually addressable subwavelength pixels. We demonstrate electronically programmable patterns of intensity and phase of THz light over a large area with unprecedent levels of uniformity and reproducibility. To highlight the potential of these devices, we demonstrate a single pixel mm-wave camera capable of imaging metallic objects. We anticipate that these results will provide realistic pathways to structure THz waves for applications in non-invasive THz imaging and next generation THz communications.
Measuring Clinical Learning Environment across three residency programs using a Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM) scale at a tertiary care hospital in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: AlBisher Nouf , AlAmeri Fayeza , Detera Dolhyt , Heena Humariya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background The Clinical Learning Environment Review (CLER) is used to evaluate the quality of education and the learning environment for hospital trainees for enhanced patient safety and healthcare quality. The focus areas include practical application of theoretical knowledge, acquisition of clinical skills, and development of problem-solving abilities. Continuous assessment, regular evaluation, and targeted interventions are needed to ensure an environment that supports effective learning and professional development.
Methods Participants from three residency programs at a Military Hospital in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), were evaluated as per three PHEEM domains with areas of improvement. After study approval, the PHEEM questionnaire was administered online platform after informed consent, with slight modifications for cultural inclusivity and relevance.
Results Data analysis was done using SPSS Statistics Version 22.0. with the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test, and a p < 0.05. Majority of the trainees were males and Emergency Medicine residents. Perceptions of role autonomy and perceptions of teaching had a mean score of 38.7 (out of 52) and 45.9 (out of 60), respectively, indicating a generally positive outlook, while perception of social support had a mean score of 33.0 (out of 44). Likewise, the total mean study score was 117.7 out of 156. The mean scores for all items ranged from 2.51±1.03 to 3.31±0.58. Areas of improvement were identified for collaboration with other doctors in the same year, while trainees were mostly satisfied with good quality accommodation for junior doctors on call. The results revealed no significant variations in the scores across different strata, although a slightly higher perception of social support was noted among female students. Overall, this study provides insights into the perceptions of the training environment, shedding light on potential areas for improvement in the professional and educational environment at a tertiary care hospital in the Middle East.
Clinical Trial Number
Not applicable.
Insights on Carica papaya L. proteomic, ultrastructural and physiological changes associated with pre-flowering-related tolerance to papaya sticky disease
Authors: Rodrigues Silas P. , Soares Eduardo de A. , Sá-Antunes Tathiana F. , Maurastoni Marlonni , Broetto Sabrina G. , Nunes Lucas E. C. , Verçoza Brunno R. F. , Buss David , Silva Diolina M. , Rodrigues Juliany C. F. , Ventura José A. , Fernandes Patricia Machado Bueno 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The development of Papaya Sticky Disease (PSD), caused by the papaya meleira virus (PMeV) complex, only occurs after flowering, suggesting the presence of tolerance mechanisms during the transition from juvenile to adult papaya plants (C. papaya). In this study, 1,609 leaf proteins of C. papaya were quantified using a label-free strategy. Differentially accumulated proteins—38, 130, 160, and 17 at 3, 4, 7, and 9 months post-germination, respectively—indicated modulation of biological processes at each development phase, mainly involving photosynthesis and cell wall remodeling. Juvenile C. papaya plants infected with the PMeV complex showed an accumulation of photosynthetic proteins. Correspondingly, chlorophyll fluorescence results suggested enhanced efficiency in photosystem (PS) II and PSI energy flux in these plants. In parallel, pre-flowering plants exhibited a reduction in cell wall-degrading enzymes, followed by an accumulation of proteins involved in the synthesis of wall precursors post-flowering. These findings, combined with ultrastructural data on laticifers, suggest that C. papaya struggles to maintain the integrity of laticifer walls, ultimately failing to do so after the juvenile-adult transition and resulting in latex exudation, thereby supporting initiatives for the genetic improvement of C. papaya to enhance resistance against the PMeV complex.
The role of the behavioral immune system in the expression of short and long-term orientation in young Chilean men during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Figueroa Oriana , Polo Pablo , Torrico-Bazoberry Daniel , Fajardo Gabriela , Sickert Carlos Rodríguez- , Valenzuela Nohelia , Arenas Abigail , Pavez Paula , Belinchon Montserrat , Valdebenito Gabriela , Muñoz-Reyes Jose Antonio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed people's lives. It had consequences at the individual and social level, changing the way we relate to each other. The behavioral immune system predicts that certain constraints will exist in different aspects of sociality when faced with the risk of contagion from pathogens. In this paper, we examine the hypotheses specifically evaluating changes in the sociosexuality of young men. We compared data from two studies carried out by the laboratory team before and during the pandemic (in-person and online data by Qualtrics®). We reached an N = 879 young men who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Multidimensional Sociosexual Orientation Inventory. The results we obtained point to a significant decrease in long-term sociosexual orientation but not in short-term sociosexual orientation, as we had predicted. In addition, we found a reduction in sociosexual desire (measured as sexual fantasies) and differences in sociosexual behavior (number of partners in the last year) between the period before the pandemic and the pandemic itself. In addition, we carry out analyses with a reduced sample to test our hypotheses based on the perception of contagion risk (measured by a survey from OMS). We find changes are maintained at the level of sociosexual desire and sexual behavior but mostly in those individuals with a greater perception of the risk of contagion. The hypotheses derived from the behavioral immune system regarding the decrease in sociosexuality in a context of risk of contagion by pathogens, as was the case in the initial period of COVID-19, are corroborated only in terms of desire and behavior, which suggests a certain stability in attitudes. These findings will allow us to understand better how sociosexuality is affected when there are contexts of high risk of contracting a pathogen such as COVID-19.
Comparison of the effects of intraperitoneal magnesium sulphate and bupivacaine with that of bupivacaine alone on the duration of postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic sterilisation : A prospective observational study
Authors: ZACHARIAH SUNITHA KILIYILETHU , VARKEY RITHU 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims: Pain may cause postoperative pulmonary morbidity and protracted recovery in laparoscopic sterilisation. Apart from parenteral analgesics, intraperitoneal instillation of local anaesthetics and NMDA receptor antagonist, MgSO4 may be tried for better pain relief. This study was aimed to evaluate the postoperative pain relief of intraperitoneal MgSO4 with bupivacaine compared to bupivacaine alone in patients undergoing laparoscopic sterilisation and assess its safety.
Methods : Seventy females undergoing laparoscopic sterilisation were divided into two groups. Group B received 40ml 0.25% bupivacaine and group MB received 40ml 0.25% bupivacaine and magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) 30 mg kg-1 intraperitoneally at the end of the surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed using verbal numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Duration of postoperative analgesia, total analgesic consumption, hemodynamics, and adverse effects were assessed for 12 hours postoperatively.
Results Duration of postoperative analgesia was prolonged in group MB (7.1142.259h) compared to group B (3.086h) (P =0.000). Pain scores were significantly lower in group MB in 1st, 2nd and 3rd hour postoperatively (P =0.000 – 0.001). Total paracetamol consumption in first 12h postoperatively in group MB was lower (0.714gm) compared to group B (1.343gm) (P < 0.001).
Conclusions Intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine with MgSO4 is an excellent mode of postoperative analgesia for laparoscopic sterilisation.
S100A8/A9 innate immune signaling as a distinct mechanism driving progression of smoking-related breast cancers
Authors: Desgrosellier Jay , Mugisha Samson , Baba Shahnawaz , Labhsetwar Shreyas , Dave Devam , Zakeri Aran , Klemke Richard 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Smoking plays an underappreciated role in breast cancer progression, increasing recurrence and mortality in patients. Here, we show that S100A8/A9 innate immune signaling is a molecular mechanism that identifies smoking-related breast cancers and underlies their enhanced malignancy. In contrast to acute exposure, chronic nicotine increased tumorigenicity and reprogrammed breast cancer cells to express innate immune response genes. This required the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which elicited dynamic changes in cell differentiation, proliferation, and expression of secreted cytokines, such as S100A8 and S100A9, as assessed by unbiased scRNA-Seq. Indeed, pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of S100A8/A9-RAGE receptor signaling blocked nicotine’s tumor-promoting effects. We also noted enrichment of S100A9 in cancers from former smokers, along with SNPH, linking this response to patient disease. Together, our findings describe a new α7 nAChR-S100A8/A9 immune signaling module that drives nicotine-induced tumor progression and distinguishes smoking-related patient disease as a distinct subset of aggressive breast cancers.
Non-Traditional Lipid Profiles and 1-Year Vascular Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Prior Statin Therapy and LDL-C &lt;100 mg/dL
Authors: Kim Hyunsoo , Kim Joon-Tae , Lee Ji Sung , Kim Beom Joon , Kang Jihoon , Lee Keon-Joo , Park Jong-Moo , Kang Kyusik , Lee Soo Joo , Kim Jae Guk , Cha Jae-Kwan , Kim Dae-Hyun , Park Tai Hwan , Lee Kyungbok , Lee Jun , Hong Keun-Sik , Cho Yong-Jin , Park Hong-Kyun , Lee Byung-Chul , Yu Kyung-Ho , Oh Mi Sun , Kim Dong-Eog , Choi Jay Chol , Kwon Jee-Hyun , Kim Wook-Joo , Shin Dong-Ick , Yum Kyu Sun , Sohn Sung Il , Hong Jeong-Ho , Lee Sang-Hwa , Park Man-Seok , Ryu Wi-Sun , Park Kwang-Yeol , Lee Juneyoung , Saver Jeffrey L. , Bae Hee-Joon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between non-traditional lipid profiles and the risk of 1-year vascular events in patients who were already using statins before stroke and had admission LDL-C < 100 mg/dL. This study was an analysis of a prospective, multicenter, nationwide registry of consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke patients who treated with statin before index stroke and LDL-C < 100mg/dL on admission. Non-traditional lipid profiles including non-HDL, TC/HDL ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, and TG/HDL ratio were analyzed as a continuous or categorical variable. The primary vascular outcome within one year was a composite of recurrent stroke (either hemorrhagic or ischemic), myocardial infarction (MI) and all-cause mortality. Hazard ratios (95% Cis) for 1-year vascular outcomes were analyzed using the Cox PH model for each non-traditional lipid profiles groups. A total of 7,028 patients (age 70.3 ± 10.8years, male 59.8%) were finally analyzed for the study. In unadjusted analysis, no significant associations were observed in the quartiles of LDL/HDL ratio and 1-year primary outcome. However, after adjustment of relevant variables, compared with Q1 of the LDL/HDL ratio, Q4 was significantly associated with increasing the risk of 1-year primary outcome (HR 1.48 [1.19–1.83]). For the LDL/HDL ratio, a linear relationship was observed (P for linearity < 0.001). Higher quartiles of the LDL/HDL ratio were significantly and linearly associated with increasing the risk of 1-year primary vascular outcomes. These findings suggest that even during statin therapy with LDL-C < 100mg/dl on admission, there should be consideration for residual risk based on the LDL/HDL ratio, following stroke.