bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Juge administratif, juge judiciaire, concurrence ou complémentarité ?
Authors: Doumenq Michel 
Published: September 2015

L'hétérogénéité du droit de l'environnement rend parfois difficile son appréhension et ne facilite pas toujours son application par les professionnels du droit, les représentants associatifs et, d'une manière générale, par les différents usagers. Cette impression se trouve confortée encore en raison de la nature mixte du contentieux, à la fois administratif et judiciaire, celui-là étant, en termes quantitatifs, largement dominant.
La présente intervention a donc pour objet de rappeler de manière rapide les différentes procédures applicables, tant judiciaires qu'administratives, et de voir comment elles s'articulent entre elles et se complètent compte tenu notamment des dispositions nouvelles du Code pénal entré en vigueur le 1er mars 1994.
Development of microsatellite loci for the endangered seagrass Zostera japonica (Zosteraceae)
Authors: Zhang Xiaomei , Zhou Yi , Xue Dongxiu , Liu Jin‐Xian 
Published: September 2015

Premise of the study:New microsatellite markers were developed for the Asian endangered seagrass Zostera japonica (Zosteraceae) to assess genetic diversity and population structure of this species. In China, Z. japonica populations have drastically decreased since the 1970s.Methods and Results:A total of 12 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized in Z. japonica. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to 11. The expected and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.772 and from 0 to 1.000, respectively.Conclusions:The new microsatellites will be useful in evaluating clonality and population structure of Z. japonica and aiding in conservation and management of the endangered seagrass in Asia.
Patient-reported Outcomes across Categories of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Taxter Alysha J. , Wileyto E. Paul , Behrens Edward M. , Weiss Pamela F. 
Published: September 2015

Objective.Although there is increasing reliance on patient-reported outcomes (PRO) for disease management, there is little known about the differences in PRO across juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) categories. The purpose of our study was to assess PRO across JIA categories, including pain, quality of life, and physical function, and to determine clinical factors associated with differences in these measures across categories.Methods.This was a longitudinal cohort study of patients with JIA at a tertiary care pediatric rheumatology clinic. Subjects, PRO, and clinical variables were identified by querying the electronic medical record. Mixed-effects regression assessed pain, quality of life, and function.Results.Subjects with enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) and undifferentiated JIA had significantly more pain, poorer quality of life, and poorer physical function. The ERA and undifferentiated JIA categories, physician’s global disease activity assessment, female sex, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use were significantly associated with more pain, poorer quality of life, and poorer function. In models limited to ERA, female sex and tender enthesis count were significant predictors of decreased function.Conclusion.ERA and undifferentiated JIA categories had poorer PRO than other JIA categories. Further work is needed to address ways to improve PRO in children with JIA, with a special focus on children with ERA and undifferentiated JIA.
Student Confidence in the Management of Patient Care Transitions: Impact of a Care Transitions Course in an Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum
Authors: Goldberg Janet L. , Dallwig Amber L. 
Published: September 2015

Background:
For nursing professionals to direct and influence the health care changes for implementing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, emerging graduate nurses must be prepared as leaders and advocates for smooth patient care transitions for patients and caregivers. This article reports on how an undergraduate nursing program and its clinical partner created a course to allow students to step back from direct patient care and explore diverse nursing roles, team collaboration, communication, and processes that aim to collectively promote safe and effective quality care.

Method:
Students completed online pre- and posttest surveys to rate their confidence levels with skills across seven measures.

Results:
Comparative analysis of the pre- and posttest surveys indicated a significant increase in students’ perception of their knowledge and skills across all areas.

Conclusion:

The instructional framework, using a care transitions model and clinical experiences, prepared students to work with health care teams and community partners for managing patient and family transitions in a variety of health care settings. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(9):479–484.]
Developing and Testing a Sleep Education Program for College Nursing Students
Authors: Ye Lichuan , Smith Amy 
Published: September 2015

Background:
The need to educate the future nursing workforce to increase understanding of healthy sleep practices, adverse health consequences of impaired sleep, and common sleep disorders is pressing. Unfortunately, education about sleep and sleep disorders has not been part of established undergraduate nursing curricula.

Method:
This study developed a sleep education program for college nursing students and tested its effect on knowledge about sleep and sleep disorders.

Results:
With a total time commitment of 10 hours, this program included three sequential components: traditional in-classroom teaching, guided online virtual self-learning, and interactive simulation-based discussion. This innovative education program was implemented in a core course offered to senior nursing students in spring 2013, and demonstrated its effectiveness in improving knowledge about sleep and sleep disorders.

Conclusion:

Translating into undergraduate nursing curriculum, it will lay a foundation for improving health care of patients and decreasing the health risks of nurses as care providers. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(9):532–535.]
The pH of Feeding Tube Aspirates From Critically Ill Infants
Authors: Meert Kathleen L. , Caverly Mary , Kelm Lauren M. , Metheny Norma A. 
Published: September 2015

Background
The extent to which gastric acid inhibitors and feedings affect gastric pH in infants is unclear.

Objectives
To compare pH values of gastric aspirates from infants according to use or no use of gastric acid inhibitors and feedings.

Methods
Colorimetric pH tests were used to measure the pH of aspirates from feeding tubes in 54 critically ill infants; 29 of the gastric aspirates were from infants who did not receive acid inhibitors or feedings, 13 were from infants who received acid inhibitors but no feedings, 3 were from infants who received feedings but no acid inhibitors, and 5 were from infants who received both acid inhibitors and feedings. The remaining 4 feeding tubes were in nongastric sites.

Results
Individual pH readings of 5.5 or less were found in 97% of the gastric aspirates from infants with no recent feedings or acid inhibitors, 77% of the gastric aspirates from infants who received acid inhibitors, and 67% of the gastric aspirates from infants with recent feedings. Among 2 esophageal aspirates and 2 duodenal aspirates, 1 of each type had a pH less than 5.5. A pH cut point of 5.5 or less did not rule out esophageal or duodenal placement.

Conclusions
The pH of gastric aspirates from critically ill infants is often 5.5 or less, regardless of the use of acid inhibitors, feedings, or both. Most likely a cut point of 5.5 or less would rule out respiratory placement because tracheal pH is typically 6.0 or higher.
Inhibition of FOXP3/NFAT Interaction Enhances T Cell Function after TCR Stimulation
Authors: Lozano Teresa , Villanueva Lorea , Durántez Maika , Gorraiz Marta , Ruiz Marta , Belsúe Virginia , Riezu-Boj José I. , Hervás-Stubbs Sandra , Oyarzábal Julen , Bandukwala Hozefa , Lourenço Ana R. , Coffer Paul J. , Sarobe Pablo , Prieto Jesús , Casares Noelia , Lasarte Juan J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg) activity is modulated by a cooperative complex between the transcription factor NFAT and FOXP3, a lineage specification factor for Tregs. FOXP3/NFAT interaction is required to repress expression of IL-2, upregulate expression of the Treg markers CTLA4 and CD25, and confer suppressor function to Tregs. However, FOXP3 is expressed transiently in conventional CD4+ T cells upon TCR stimulation and may lead to T cell hyporesponsiveness. We found that a short synthetic peptide able to inhibit FOXP3/NFAT interaction impaired suppressor activity of conventional Tregs in vitro. Specific inhibition of FOXP3/NFAT interaction with this inhibitory peptide revealed that FOXP3 downregulates NFAT-driven promoter activity of CD40L and IL-17. Inhibition of FOXP3/NFAT interaction upregulated CD40L expression on effector T cells and enhanced T cell proliferation and IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, or IL-17 production in response to TCR stimulation. The inhibitory peptide impaired effector T cell conversion into induced Tregs in the presence of TGF-β. Moreover, in vivo peptide administration showed antitumor efficacy in mice bearing Hepa129 or TC1 tumor cells when combined with sorafenib or with an antitumor vaccine, respectively. Our results suggest that inhibition of NFAT/FOXP3 interaction might improve antitumor immunotherapies.
Rise and Fall of Kir2.2 Current by TLR4 Signaling in Human Monocytes: PKC-Dependent Trafficking and PI3K-Mediated PIP2 Decrease
Authors: Kim Kyung Soo , Jang Ji Hyun , Lin Haiyue , Choi Seong Woo , Kim Hang Rae , Shin Dong Hoon , Nam Joo Hyun , Zhang Yin Hua , Kim Sung Joon 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
LPSs are widely used to stimulate TLR4, but their effects on ion channels in immune cells are poorly known. In THP-1 cells and human blood monocytes treated with LPS, inwardly rectifying K+ channel current (IKir,LPS) newly emerged at 1 h, peaked at 4 h (−119 ± 8.6 pA/pF), and decayed afterward (−32 ± 6.7 pA/pF at 24 h). Whereas both the Kir2.1 and Kir2.2 mRNAs and proteins were observed, single-channel conductance (38 pS) of IKir,LPS and small interfering RNA–induced knockdown commonly indicated Kir2.2 than Kir2.1. LPS-induced cytokine release and store-operated Ca2+ entry were commonly decreased by ML-133, a Kir2 inhibitor. Immunoblot, confocal microscopy, and the effects of vesicular trafficking inhibitors commonly suggested plasma membrane translocation of Kir2.2 by LPS. Both IKir,LPS and membrane translocation of Kir2.2 were inhibited by GF109203X (protein kinase C [PKC] inhibitor) or by transfection with small interfering RNA–specific PKCε. Interestingly, pharmacological activation of PKC by PMA induced both Kir2.1 and Kir2.2 currents. The spontaneously decayed IKir,LPS at 24 h was recovered by PI3K inhibitors but further suppressed by an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) phosphatase (phosphatase and tensin homolog). However, IKir,LPS at 24 h was not affected by Akt inhibitors, suggesting that the decreased phosphatidylinositol(4,5)-bisphosphate availability, that is, conversion into PIP3 by PI3K, per se accounts for the decay of IKir,LPS. Taken together, to our knowledge these data are the first demonstrations that IKir is newly induced by TLR4 stimulation via PKC-dependent membrane trafficking of Kir2.2, and that conversion of phosphatidylinositol(4,5)-bisphosphate to PIP3 modulates Kir2.2. The augmentation of Ca2+ influx and cytokine release suggests a physiological role for Kir2.2 in TLR4-stimulated monocytes.
Ten Weeks of Infection with a Tissue-Invasive Helminth Protects against Local Immune Complex–Mediated Inflammation, but Not Cutaneous Type I Hypersensitivity, in Previously Sensitized Mice
Authors: Evans Holly , Killoran Kristin E. , Mitre Blima K. , Morris C. Paul , Kim So-Young , Mitre Edward 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effect chronic helminth infection has on allergic disease in mice previously sensitized to OVA. Ten weeks of infection with Litomosoides sigmodontis reduced immunological markers of type I hypersensitivity, including OVA-specific IgE, basophil activation, and mast cell degranulation. Despite these reductions, there was no protection against immediate clinical hypersensitivity following intradermal OVA challenge. However, late-phase ear swelling, due to type III hypersensitivity, was significantly reduced in chronically infected animals. Levels of total IgG2a, OVA-specific IgG2a, and OVA-specific IgG1 were reduced in the setting of infection. These reductions were most likely due to increased Ab catabolism as ELISPOT assays demonstrated that infected animals do not have suppressed Ab production. Ear histology 24 h after challenge showed infected animals have reduced cellular infiltration in the ear, with significant decreases in numbers of neutrophils and macrophages. Consistent with this, infected animals had less neutrophil-specific chemokines CXCL-1 and CXCL-2 in the ear following challenge. Additionally, in vitro stimulation with immune complexes resulted in significantly less CXCL-1 and CXCL-2 production by eosinophils from chronically infected mice. Expression of FcγRI was also significantly reduced on eosinophils from infected animals. These data indicate that chronic filarial infection suppresses eosinophilic responses to Ab-mediated activation and has the potential to be used as a therapeutic for pre-existing hypersensitivity diseases.
Transcription Factor 7 Limits Regulatory T Cell Generation in the Thymus
Authors: Barra Melanie M. , Richards David M. , Hansson Jenny , Hofer Ann-Cathrin , Delacher Michael , Hettinger Jan , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Feuerer Markus 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiate in the thymus, but the mechanisms that control this process are not fully understood. We generated a comprehensive quantitative and differential proteome of murine Tregs and conventional T cells. We identified 5225 proteins, 164 of which were differentially expressed in Tregs. Together with the comparative analysis of proteome and gene expression data, we identified TCF7 as a promising candidate. Genetic elimination of transcription factor 7 (TCF7) led to increased fractions of Tregs in the thymus. Reduced levels of TCF7, found in the heterozygote, resulted in a greater potential for Treg precursors to differentiate into the Treg lineage. In contrast, activation of TCF7 through β-catenin had the opposite effect. TCF7 levels influenced the required TCR signaling strength of Treg precursors, and TCF7 deficiency broadened the repertoire and allowed lower TCR affinities to be recruited into the Treg lineage. FOXP3 was able to repress TCF7 protein expression. In summary, we propose a regulatory role for TCF7 in limiting access to the Treg lineage.
Use of Functional Polymorphisms To Elucidate the Peptide Binding Site of TAP Complexes
Authors: Geng Jie , Pogozheva Irina D. , Mosberg Henry I. , Raghavan Malini 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
TAP1/TAP2 complexes translocate peptides from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum lumen to enable immune surveillance by CD8+ T cells. Peptide transport is preceded by peptide binding to a cytosol-accessible surface of TAP1/TAP2 complexes, but the location of the TAP peptide-binding pocket remains unknown. Guided by the known contributions of polymorphic TAP variants to peptide selection, we combined homology modeling of TAP with experimental measurements to identify several TAP residues that interact with peptides. Models for peptide–TAP complexes were generated, which indicate bent conformation for peptides. The peptide binding site of TAP is located at the hydrophobic boundary of the cytosolic membrane leaflet, with striking parallels to the glutathione binding site of NaAtm1, a transporter that functions in bacterial heavy metal detoxification. These studies illustrate the conservation of the ligand recognition modes of bacterial and mammalians transporters involved in peptide-guided cellular surveillance.
Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Abedi Seyed Hassan , Ghassami Maryam , Molaei Mahsa , Mohsenifar Zhaleh , Alizadeh Amir Houshang Mohammad 
Published: September 2015

Context Liver damage is relatively common in patients affected by HL, but paraneoplastic cholestasis is an uncommon presenting symptom in HL. Case Report We report the case of a 38-year-old man who came to our hospital with jaundice, pruritis, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and recurrent episodes of fever without any hepatosplenomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Laboratory findings showed abnormal liver functioning with mixed hepatocellular and cholestatic patterns. Sonographic evaluation of the biliary tract was normal. We ruled out viral infections, autoimmune process, and hemochromatosis. The patient was put on ursobile and NAC ( N-acetyl-systeine) and prednisolone treatment. In magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography examination, there were multiple strictures in the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts with mild dilatation. Histologic finding of liver biopsy was compatible with sclerosing cholangitis or drug-induced cholestasis. General condition and laboratory examination results of the patient became better, but we found lymphadenopathy on monthly follow-up examination. Histological finding of the lymph node was compatible with HL. Conclusion This report emphasizes that HL can be presented with different paraneoplastic symptoms and that one of them is secondary sclerosing cholangitis. It has better prognosis than vanishing bile duct syndrome, and perhaps steroid treatment can be suggested.
Development of Semi- and Grafted Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate and Collagen
Authors: Madaghiele Marta , Marotta Francesco , Demitri Christian , Montagna Francesco , Maffezzoli Alfonso , Sannino Alessandro 
Published: September 2015

Purpose The objective of this work was to develop composite hydrogels based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and collagen (Coll), potentially useful for biomedical applications. Methods Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) were obtained by photo-stabilizing aqueous solutions of PEGDA and acrylic acid (AA), in the presence of collagen. Further grafting of the collagen macromolecules to the PEGDA/poly(AA) network was achieved by means of a carbodiimide-mediated crosslinking reaction. The resulting hydrogels were characterized in terms of swelling capability, collagen content and mechanical properties. Results and Conclusions The grafting procedure was found to significantly improve the mechanical stability of the IPN hydrogels, due to the establishment of covalent bonding between the PEGDA/poly(AA) and the collagen networks. The suitability of the composite hydrogels to be processed by means of stereolithography (SLA) was also investigated, toward creating biomimetic constructs with complex shapes, which might be useful either as platforms for tissue engineering applications or as tissue mimicking phantoms.
Onrechtmatige verkoop van bv-aandelen door schending onderzoeksplicht: bestuurlijke tekortkoming of aandeelhoudersgedraging?
Authors: van Vegchel V. 
Published: September 2015

Onrechtmatige verkoop van bv-aandelen door schending onderzoeksplicht: bestuurlijke tekortkoming of aandeelhoudersgedraging?
De verkoper van een bv riskeert onder omstandigheden persoonlijke aansprakelijkheid jegens crediteuren van die bv indien hij de verkoop doorzet zonder onderzoek te doen naar de koper en deze koper achteraf malafide blijkt te zijn. Verscheidene rechtbanken zien in het schenden van deze onderzoeksplicht een grondslag voor bestuurdersaansprakelijkheid van een verkopend dga. In dit artikel wordt geconstateerd dat deze grondslag onjuist is. Een aandelenoverdracht behelst immers een aandeelhoudersgedraging. Bovendien had de dga ook via de weg van aandeelhoudersaansprakelijkheid kunnen worden aangesproken. Verder komt aan bod wat de kenmerken zijn van de onderzoeksplicht en wanneer dit aansprakelijkheidsrisico zich kan verwezenlijken.
Using Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) to Characterize Agonist‐Induced Arrestin Recruitment to Modified and Unmodified G Protein‐Coupled Receptors
Authors: Donthamsetti Prashant , Quejada Jose Rafael , Javitch Jonathan A. , Gurevich Vsevolod V. , Lambert Nevin A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent ∼25% of current drug targets. Ligand binding to these receptors activates G proteins and arrestins, which are involved in differential signaling pathways. Because functionally selective or biased ligands activate one of these two pathways, they may be superior medications for certain diseases states. The identification of such ligands requires robust drug screening assays for both G protein and arrestin activity. This unit describes protocols for two bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)‐based assays used to monitor arrestin recruitment to GPCRs. One assay requires modification of GPCRs by fusion to a BRET donor or acceptor moiety, whereas the other can detect arrestin recruitment to unmodified GPCRs. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Overview of KRAS‐Driven Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sheridan Clare , Downward Julian 
Published: September 2015

AbstractKRAS, the most frequently mutated oncogene in non‐small cell lung cancer, has been utilized extensively to model human lung adenocarcinomas. The results from such studies have enhanced considerably an understanding of the relationship between KRAS and the development of lung cancer. Detailed in this overview are the features of various KRAS‐driven genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of non‐small cell lung cancer, their utilization, and the potential of these models for the study of lung cancer biology. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A New Nucleic Acid Prodrug Responsive to High Thiol Concentration: Synthesis of 2′‐O‐Methyldithiomethyl‐Modified Oligonucleotides by Post‐Synthetic Modification
Authors: Ochi Yosuke , Nakagawa Osamu , Hayashi Junsuke , Wada Shun‐ichi , Urata Hidehito 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis unit describes the synthesis of 2′‐O‐methyldithiomethyluridine‐containing oligonucleotides, which can be deprotected to yield the parental oligoribonucleotides under high concentrations of glutathione similar in cytoplasm. The 2′‐O‐methyldithiomethyl group is sensitive to reductive conditions, so that it is incompatible to 3′‐O‐phosphoramidite modification in nucleosides. Thus, a novel post‐synthetic approach to obtain 2′‐O‐methyldithiomethyluridine‐containing oligonucleotides was developed, in which 2′‐O‐(2,4,6‐trimethoxybenzylthiomethyl)uridine‐modified oligonucleotides are readily converted by treatment with dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium tetrafluoroborate to the 2′‐O‐methyldithiomethyluridine‐modified oligonucleotides. The 2′‐O‐methyldithiomethyluridine‐modified oligonucleotides are readily and cleanly converted to the parental oligonucleotides under high thiol conditions, such as 10 mM glutathione and dithiothreitol. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.