bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical moments in police-citizen reconciliation
Authors: Stronks Sara , Adang Otto M.J. 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the interaction of police and citizen representatives during critical moments in reconciliation processes through a relational model.Design/methodology/approach– Based on 26 in-depth interviews with key actors in three different cases of media-salient police-citizen group conflict, the interactions in the run-up to, during and after five moments that were critical in the transformation from conflict to cooperation, were analyzed. In focussing on the role of the intergroup relationship in conflict interaction, the applicability of relationship-value, compatibility and security in defining this relationship were explored.Findings– Although interactions during critical moments differed along the specific conflict contexts, three chronological stages could be deduced. In the first stage, interactions were tensed and emotional. During the second stage, repressing this insecurity through the exchange of value and compatibility signals was important. In the third stage, the transformation toward friendlier, cooperative dialogue and a less tensed atmosphere was made. Emotional expression, information sharing and emphasizing compatibility seemed particularly important in (re)defining and negotiating police-citizen relationships.Research limitations/implications– In analysis, the authors had to rely on limited and retrospective accounts of interactions and attitudes and its indivertible errors.Originality/value– This is one of very few studies that analyses police-involved post conflict interactions with a relational model. With regard to the importance of strong police-citizen relationships, the results should be of value to any operational police worker and specifically those who are involved in operational or strategic conflict-management and communication.
Satisfaction with the police: an empirical study of Chinese older citizens in Hong Kong
Authors: Li Jessica C.M. , Sun Ivan 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to assess senior citizens’ satisfaction with police in Hong Kong. It is intended to answer four research questions: are older citizens satisfied with Hong Kong’s police? Do older citizens coming from different communities with variations in income and crime rates differ from other older citizens in their assessments of the police? to what extent can the respondents’ instrumental, expressive, and legitimacy concerns predict their satisfaction with the police? And is there variation in the predictive power of different kinds of concerns (instrumental, expressive, and legitimacy) on respondents’ satisfaction with fairness, integrity, and effectiveness (respectively)?Design/methodology/approach– Findings of the study were based on survey interviews a sample of 1,061 elderly people aged 65 or above in 2013. A multiple-step sampling method was used to collected data from four types of communities according to the household income level of the residents and the community fraud crime rate.Findings– The paper provides empirical insights about how senior citizens rate their level of satisfaction toward the police. Chinese elderly people’s assessment on the police is found connected with their instrumental, expressive, and legitimacy concerns as well as their educational attainment.Research limitations/implications– Several limitations were acknowledged. First, the self-reported data in this study contained bias because of possible distortion in memory. Second, the cross-sectional data used in this study means that causal inferences are difficult to make. Third, the findings from the study have a limited generalizability because data were collected from a small and non-random sample.Practical implications– Since better educated senior citizens are found more critical when rating police effectiveness in fighting crime, police officers may need to think of suitable channels to understand the expectations of the better educated elderly people and to absorb their ideas for improving policing practice.Originality/value– This study is probably the first attempt of assessing the satisfaction with police of a specific target group, i.e. senior citizens in Hong Kong.
How B2B companies create economic value by designing experiences and transformations for their customers
Authors: Pine B. Joseph 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– This article explains how B2B companies can create economic value by designing experiences and innovations that will be transformative for their customers.

Design/methodology/approach
– The article shows that B2B goods and services are increasingly marketed in an Experience Economy, an arena where interactions are based on what experiences buyers and their customers value.

Findings
– The big value creation insight is that industrial companies. like consumer product companies, can create breakthrough innovations by understanding, responding to and transforming the experience of their customers. But with B2B companies the experience discovery process extends to their customers’ customers.

Practical implications
– Almost any B2B business can be transformative if it aims its innovation efforts at satisfying its customers emerging needs and those of its customers’ customers. These are the aspirational outcomes that transformative companies provide.

Originality/value
– One of the first articles to show leadership of B2B companies and their marketing and research units how to set up experience demonstrations and development projects that involve their customers in the process of customization, innovation and transformation.
Understanding China: doing business in the world’s most dynamic economy
Authors: Leavy Brian 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The author believes that China’s modern development is reaching a crossroads, and that country is facing some critical challenges as it seeks to keep its modernization program, and further economic development, on track.

Design/methodology/approach
– This masterclass posits that understanding more fully what is happening in China, and how to succeed there, is rapidly becoming a strategic imperative for any corporate leader with global ambitions.

Findings
– China’s importance to global business is undeniable. Even though its growth rate now seems to be stabilizing at 7-8 percent, China looks set to become the world’s largest economy within a decade, and is likely to be more than twice the size of USA economy by 2050.

Practical implications
– Soft infrastructure should be China’s next priority. China’s ability to construct a modern airport and a fleet of world class aircraft has been progressing at a much faster rate than its overall ability to operate an efficient, world-leading, inter-city and international, civil aviation passenger service.

Social implications
– While the pace of political reform is likely to remain cautious, it has already been quite “extensive and far-reaching” in China’s own terms and continues to evolve.

Originality/value
– Western leaders should reconsider how they measure China’s progress. China can be expected to experiment its way very cautiously towards greater democratization, but the outcome is likely to be profoundly different from the Western model.
NK cell immunophenotypic and genotypic analysis of infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Noyola Daniel E. , Juárez‐Vega Guillermo , Monjarás‐Ávila César , Escalante‐Padrón Francisco , Rangel‐Ramírez Verónica , Cadena‐Mota Sandra , Monsiváis‐Urenda Adriana , García‐Sepúlveda Christian A. , González‐Amaro Roberto 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Reduced numbers of NK cells have been reported in infants with severe RSV infection; however, the precise role of NK cells during acute RSV infection is unclear. In this study the NK and T cell phenotypes, LILRB1 gene polymorphisms and KIR genotypes of infants hospitalized with RSV infection were analyzed. Compared to controls, infants with acute RSV infection showed a higher proportion of LILRB1+ T cells; in addition, a subgroup of infants with RSV infection showed an increase in LILRB1+ NK cells. No differences in NKG2C, NKG2A, or CD161 expression between RSV infected infants and controls were observed. LILRB1 genotype distribution of the rs3760860 A>G, and rs3760861 A>G single nucleotide polymorphisms differed between infants with RSV infection and healthy donors, whereas no differences in any of the KIR genes were observed. Our results suggest that LILRB1 participates in the pathogenesis of RSV infection. Further studies are needed to define the role of LILRB1+ NK in response to RSV and to confirm an association between LILRB1 polymorphisms and the risk of severe RSV infection.
Disentangling trait‐based mortality in species with decoupled size and age
Authors: O'Farrell Shay , Salguero‐Gómez Roberto , van Rooij Jules M. , Mumby Peter J. 
Published: May 2015

Summary

Size and age are fundamental organismal traits, and typically, both are good predictors of mortality. For many species, however, size and age predict mortality in ontogenetically opposing directions. Specifically, mortality due to predation is often more intense on smaller individuals whereas mortality due to senescence impacts, by definition, on older individuals.

When size‐based and age‐based mortality are independent in this manner, modelling mortality in both traits is often necessary. Classical approaches, such as Leslie or Lefkovitch matrices, usually require the model to infer the state of one trait from the state of the other, for example by assuming that explicitly modelled age (or stage) class structure provides implicit information on underlying size‐class structure, as is the case in many species.

However, the assumption that one trait informs on the other is challenged when size and age are decoupled, as often occurs in invertebrates, amphibians, fish, reptiles and plants. In these cases, age‐structured models may perform poorly at capturing size‐based mortality, and vice versa.

We offer a solution to this dilemma, relaxing the assumption that class structure in one trait is inferable from class structure in another trait. Using empirical data from a reef fish, Sparisoma viride (Scaridae), we demonstrate how an individual‐based model (IBM) can be implemented to model mortality as explicit, independent and simultaneous functions of individual size and age – an approach that mimics the effects of mortality in many wild populations. By validating this ‘multitrait IBM’ against three independent lines of empirical data, we determine that the approach produces more convincing predictions of size‐class structure, longevity and post‐settlement mortality for S. viride than do the trait‐independent or single‐trait mortality models tested.

Multitrait IBMs also allow trait‐based mortality to be modelled either additively or multiplicatively, and individual variability in growth rates can be accommodated. Consequently, we propose that the approach may be useful in fields that may benefit from disentangling, or investigating interactions among, size‐based and age‐based demographic processes, including comparative demography (e.g. life‐history consequences of resource patchiness) and conservation biology (e.g. impacts of invasive predators on size structure but not life span of natives).
Spatial and spatiotemporal variation in metapopulation structure affects population dynamics in a passively dispersing arthropod
Authors: De Roissart Annelies , Wang Shaopeng , Bonte Dries 
Published: May 2015

Summary

The spatial and temporal variation in the availability of suitable habitat within metapopulations determines colonization–extinction events, regulates local population sizes and eventually affects local population and metapopulation stability. Insights into the impact of such a spatiotemporal variation on the local population and metapopulation dynamics are principally derived from classical metapopulation theory and have not been experimentally validated.

By manipulating spatial structure in artificial metapopulations of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, we test to which degree spatial (mainland–island metapopulations) and spatiotemporal variation (classical metapopulations) in habitat availability affects the dynamics of the metapopulations relative to systems where habitat is constantly available in time and space (patchy metapopulations).

Our experiment demonstrates that (i) spatial variation in habitat availability decreases variance in metapopulation size and decreases density‐dependent dispersal at the metapopulation level, while (ii) spatiotemporal variation in habitat availability increases patch extinction rates, decreases local population and metapopulation sizes and decreases density dependence in population growth rates. We found dispersal to be negatively density dependent and overall low in the spatial variable mainland–island metapopulation.

This demographic variation subsequently impacts local and regional population dynamics and determines patterns of metapopulation stability. Both local and metapopulation‐level variabilities are minimized in mainland–island metapopulations relative to classical and patchy ones.
A comparison of patterns of spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting with St. John's Wort and fluoxetine during the period 2000–2013
Authors: Hoban Claire L , Byard Roger W , Musgrave Ian F 
Published: May 2015

SummaryHerbal medicines are perceived to be safe by the general public and medical practitioners, despite abundant evidence from clinical trials and case reports that show herbal preparations can have significant adverse effects. The overall impact of adverse events to herbal medicines in Australia is currently unknown. Post marketing surveillance of medications through spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports to the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) is one way to estimate this risk. The patterns of spontaneously reported ADRs provide insight to herbal dangers, especially when compared with patterns of a mechanistically similar conventional drug. The study compared the pattern of spontaneously reported ADRs to St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), a common herbal treatment for depression which contains selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), to fluoxetine, a commonly prescribed synthetic SSRI antidepressant. Spontaneous ADR reports sent to the TGA between 2000–2013 for St. John's Wort (n = 84) and fluoxetine (n = 447) were obtained and analysed. The demographic information, types of interaction, severity of the ADR, and the body systems affected (using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system) were recorded for individual ADR cases. The majority of spontaneously reported ADRs for St. John's Wort and fluoxetine were concerning females aged 26–50 years (28.6%, 22.8%). The organ systems affected by ADRs to St John's Wort and fluoxetine have a similar profile, with the majority of cases affecting the central nervous system (45.2%, 61.7%). This result demonstrates that herbal preparations can result in ADRs similar to those of prescription medications.
Collaborative Governance in the Reform of Western Australia's Alcohol and Other Drug Sector
Authors: Berends Lynda , Ritter Alison , Chalmers Jenny 
Published: May 2015

Collaborative governance involves processes and structures for policy development and decision making with particular relevance for health and social services. We examined collaborative governance in the reform of Western Australia's alcohol and other drug sector, applying Emerson et al.'s (2012) integrative framework. A documentary review and group interviews with government, sector, and consumer representatives were involved. Contextual factors included increased service funding, and the development of a partnership approach. Drivers for collaboration involved leadership and financial incentives for policy implementation. Key stakeholders across government and the sector reported a mutually supportive and constructive relationship and increased capacity, and they shared an agenda for change. The integrative framework was a useful structure for the explication of collaborative governance, although financial arrangements were not addressed.
Lords Reform: Some Inconvenient Truths
Authors: Farrington Conor 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe failure of the Coalition government's attempt to reform the House of Lords has by no means taken further reform off the political agenda. The commitment to installing an elected upper chamber is still widely shared across the political spectrum, on the basis of perceptions that the House of Lords lacks democratic legitimacy. Against this view, this article considers recent literature upon non‐electoral representation, deliberative democracy and bicameralism, which together highlight the possibility of an unelected second chamber playing a legitimate role within a wider (democratic) system of government. The article then considers the House of Lords from this perspective, reflecting on changes in the upper chamber since the 1999 reforms and evaluating its role within the wider political system. The paper concludes by suggesting that political debate should focus upon small‐scale reforms to ensure that the Lords becomes more effective, representative and legitimate, within the constraints of its present role.
Recalling MPs: Accountable to Whom?
Authors: Wright Tony 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe legislation on recall of MPs, introduced as a response to the parliamentary expenses scandal, was presented as filling an accountability gap. The nature of this alleged gap is examined, and it is argued that the accountability of Members of Parliament is more complicated than the recall proposal suggests. This includes issues about the regulation of parliamentary standards. Finally, the recall proposal is located within the context of discussion about the condition of representative democracy.
Goodbye to All That
Authors: Mitchell Austin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis article is the retirement reflections of an MP of thirty‐eight year's standing. The story is mainly one of the decline of the Commons, a decline in the number of ‘big beasts’ and in the calibre of members and the quality of debates to the level of five‐minute harangues and the custard pie‐throwing of Prime Minister's Question Time. The House has lost its functions of staging the national debate and checking the executive to the media but has gained a new role as a national audit of government's performance and policies through the select committee system. MPs are working harder. Fewer now have outside jobs. They are more focused on their constituencies and though they have fewer powers there, and nationally more and better staff, they also have less respect and less influence. Personally, the end of what has been a long‐fighting national retreat from social democracy has been a rear‐guard action against the emergence of a colder, harder, neoliberal world. Retirement means relegation to watching that from the sidelines, not ringside.
The correspondence between Erich Neumann and C.G. Jung on the occasion of the November pogroms, 1938
Authors: Löwe Angelica 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn the light of recently‐published correspondence between Jung and Neumann, this paper considers and connects two aspects of their relationship: Jung's theory of an ethno‐specific differentiation of the unconscious as formulated in 1934, and the relationship between Jung and Neumann at the beginning of the Holocaust in 1938–with Jung as the wise old man and a father figure on one hand, and Neumann as the apprentice and dependent son on the other.In examining these two issues, a detailed interpretation of four letters, two by Neumann and two by Jung, written in 1938 and 1939, is given.Neumann's reflections on the collective Jewish determination in the face of the November pogroms in 1938 led Jung to modify his view, with relativization and secularization of his former position. This shift precipitated a deep crisis with feelings of disorientation and desertion in Neumann; the paper discusses how a negative father complex was then constellated and imaged in a dream.After years of silence, the two men were able to renew the deep bonds that characterized their lifelong friendship.
Withdrawn: The seventh penis: towards effective psychoanalytic work with pre‐surgical transsexuals
Authors: Withers Robert 
Published: May 2015

Withdrawal statement: R. Withers, The seventh penis: towards effective psychoanalytic work with pre‐surgical transsexuals, Journal of Analytical Psychology 2015, 60 (3), p.390–412, (https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5922.12157).The above article published online on 19 May 2015 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and in print and online in issue 60:3 (cover date June 2015) has been withdrawn by agreement between the author, the journal's Editors‐in‐Chief, Marcus West and Nora Swan‐Foster, and John Wiley & Sons Limited. The withdrawal has been agreed because consent to publish was not obtained. The author and the journal apologize for this oversight.
Not Learning from the Past: Adaptive Governance Challenges for Australian Natural Resource Management
Authors: VELLA KAREN , SIPE NEIL , DALE ALLAN , TAYLOR BRUCE 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAustralia's governance arrangements for natural resource management (NRM) have evolved considerably over the last 30 years. The impact of changes in governance on NRM planning and delivery requires assessment. We undertake a multi‐method programme evaluation using adaptive governance principles as an analytical frame and apply this to Queensland to assess the impacts of governance change on NRM planning and governance outcomes. Data to inform our analysis includes: (1) a systematic review of 16 audits/evaluations of Australian NRM over a 15‐year period; (2) a review of Queensland's first‐generation NRM plans; and (3) outputs from a Queensland workshop on NRM planning. NRM has progressed from a bottom‐up grassroots movement into a collaborative regional NRM model that has been centralised by the Australian government. We found that while some adaptive governance challenges have been addressed, others remained unresolved. Results show that collaboration and elements of multi‐level governance under the regional model were positive moves, but also that NRM arrangements contained structural deficiencies across multiple governance levels in relation to public involvement in decision‐making and knowledge production for problem responsiveness. These problems for adaptive governance have been exacerbated since 2008. We conclude that the adaptive governance framework for NRM needs urgent attention so that important environmental management problems can be addressed.
Perceptions and Attitudes Toward NANDA‐I Nursing Diagnoses: A Cross‐Sectional Study of Jordanian Nursing Students
Authors: Abed El‐Rahman Mona , Al Kalaldeh Mahmoud T. , Malak Malakeh Z. 
Published: May 2015

PurposeTo assess the perceptions and attitudes of undergraduate nursing students toward NANDA‐I nursing diagnosis.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional design was used. A convenient sample was recruited from nursing students at Zarqa University/Jordan. Perceptions toward NANDA‐I Nursing Diagnosis scale and Positions on Nursing Diagnosis scale were used.FindingsA total of 101 nursing students were included. A correct perception toward NANDA‐I nursing diagnosis was evident. Attitudes toward NANDA appeared positive. However, insufficient distinction between nursing diagnosis and medical diagnosis and feeling less comfort while using NANDA‐I were reported.ConclusionsNursing students showed correct perceptions and positive attitudes toward the application of NANDA‐I.Practice ImplicationsProper implementation of NANDA‐I is a prerequisite to the better understanding of nursing language.