bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algunas contribuciones de la resolución de problemas y el uso de la tecnología al pensamiento matemático: experiencia de aula con alumnos universitarios de primer año
Authors: Londoño Millán Noelia , Zaldívar Rojas José David , Vertiz Álvarez Miguel 
Published: August 2024

La enseñanza de las matemáticas se enriquece notablemente con la resolución de problemas, especialmente cuando se incorporan estrategias, diversas representaciones del objeto matemático y herramientas tecnológicas. Estos elementos permiten desarrollar una amplia gama de destrezas y habilidades, complementando el tradicional lápiz y papel. El propósito de este artículo es describir los procesos para abordar la solución de un problema sobre lugares geométricos, partiendo de dos elementos dados: una recta y un punto. En esta experiencia de aula, participaron diez estudiantes de segundo semestre de la carrera de Matemáticas Aplicadas en una universidad del norte de México. Se destacó el papel fundamental del software GeoGebra, que facilitó la exploración, comprobación, predicción y descubrimiento de varios tipos de soluciones, utilizando diferentes registros de representación. Además, se evidenciaron diversas formas de razonamiento matemático, desde el ensayo y error hasta el desarrollo de procesos analíticos bien estructurados, así como una variedad de estrategias de solución que requirieron el dominio de conocimientos y el uso sistemático de la tecnología.
KOMPARASI KUALITAS SILASE HIJAUAN DENGAN FERMENTOR DAN TANPA FERMENTOR
Authors: Ikhsan Rafiul , Susilowati Sri , Wadjdi M. Farid 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara organoleptik silase hijauan yang menggunakan fermentor dan tanpa menggunakan fermentor. Materi yang digunakan adalah hijauan gama umami, polar, mikroba fermentor, tetes tebu, coper, dan drum silo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode percobaan dengan uji organoleptik / uji indra meliputi tekstur, warna, aroma dan pengukuran pH dilakukan dengan menggunakan kertas lakmus dengan 2 perlakuan silase yang berbeda. Didapatkan hasil bahwa perlakuan 1 yaitu silase yang tidak ditambahkan fermentor memiliki nilai tekstur = 5 (kurang lembut), warna = 5 (hijau kekuningan muda), aroma = 5 (kurang wangi dan bau rumput masih dominan), dan pH di angka 6 sedangkan pada perlakuan 2 silase yang ditambahkan fermentor memiliki nilai, tekstur = 10 (lembut), warna = 10 (kuning kecoklatan), aroma = 10 (wangi), dan pH di angka 4 (lebih asam dari perlakuan 1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa silase pada perlakuan satu dan dua dari segi warna kualitasnya sama sama sedang, dari segi aroma sama sama memiliki kualitas baik sekali, untuk tekstur kualitasnya sama sama baik sekali, dan untuk pH nya unggul diperlakuan satu dengan kualitas baik sekali dan pada perlakuan dua kualitasnya jelek. Disimpulkan bahwa silase yang ditambahkan fermentor hasilnya lebih baik.
Bioprocessing strategies for enhanced probiotic extracellular vesicle production: culture condition modulation
Authors: Lei Qingyu , Divakarla Shiva Kamini , Winsley Tristrom , Roux Shaun , Chrzanowski Wojciech 
Published: August 2024

Probiotic extracellular vesicles are biochemically active structures responsible for biological effects elicited by probiotic bacteria. Lactobacillus spp., which are abundant in the human body (e.g., gut), are known to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, and are commonly used in food products, supplements, and in discovery research. There is increasing evidence that Lactobacillus–derived extracellular vesicles (LREVs) have potent immunomodulatory capacity that is superior to probiotics themselves. However, key mechanistic insights into the process that controls production and thus, the function of LREVs, are lacking. Currently, it is unknown how the probiotic culture microenvironment orchestrates the type, yield and function of LREVs. Here, we investigated how multifactor modulation of the biomanufacturing process controls the yield and biological functionality of the LREVs. To achieve this, we selected Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus as the candidate probiotic, initially cultivated under traditional culture conditions, i.e., 100% broth concentration and pH 5.5. Subsequently, we systematically modified the culture conditions of the probiotic by adjusting three critical process parameters: (1) culture medium pH (pH 3.5, 5.5 and 7.5), (2) growth time (48 and 72 h), and (3) broth concentration (50% and 10% of original broth concentration). EVs were then isolated separately from each condition. The critical quality attributes (CQA) of LREVs, including physical characteristics (size, distribution, concentration) and biological composition (protein, carbohydrate, lipid), were analysed. Functional impacts of LREVs on human epidermal keratinocytes and Staphylococcus aureus were also assessed as CQA. Our findings show that the production of LREVs is influenced by environmental stresses induced by the culture conditions. Factors like broth concentration, pH levels, and growth time significantly impact stress levels in L. rhamnosus, affecting both the production and composition of LREVs. Additionally, we have observed that LREVs are non-toxicity for keratinocytes, the major cell type of the epidermis, and possess antimicrobial properties against S. aureus, a common human skin pathogen. These properties are prerequisites for the potential application of EVs to treat skin conditions, including infected wounds. However, the functionality of LREVs depends on the culture conditions and stress levels experienced by L. rhamnosus during production. Understanding this relationship between the culture microenvironment, probiotic stress response, and LREV characteristics, can lead to the biomanufacturing of customised probiotic-derived EVs for various medical and industrial applications.
Impact of ibrutinib on inflammation in a mouse model of Graves’ orbitopathy
Authors: Kim Charm , Park Jin Hwan , Choi Yeon Jeong , Jun Hyung Oh , Chung Jin Kwon , Park Tae Kwann , Yoon Jin Sook , Yang Jae Wook , Jang Sun Young 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) and interleukin (IL)-2 Inducible T-cell Kinase (ITK) inhibitors have anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the therapeutic effect of ibrutinib, an orally bioavailable BTK/ITK inhibitor, in a mouse model of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO).MethodsGenetic immunization was performed through intramuscular administration of the recombinant plasmid, pCMV6-hTSHR cDNA, to 8-week-old female BALB/c mice. Serum levels of T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) antibodies (TRAbs) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Histopathological changes in orbital tissues were examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for TSHR and various inflammatory markers. Following successful genetic immunization, ibrutinib was orally administered daily for 2 weeks in the GO model mice. After treatment, the mRNA and protein expression levels of BTK, ITK, IL-1β, and IL-6 in orbital tissues were evaluated using real-time PCR and Western blotting.ResultsIn total, 20 mice were sacrificed to confirm successful genetic immunization. The GO mouse group exhibited significantly increased serum T3, T4, and TRAb levels. IHC revealed increased expression of TSHR, IL-1β, IL-6, transforming growth factor-β1, interferon-γ, CD40, CD4, BTK, and ITK in the GO mouse model. The orbital inflammation was significantly attenuated in ibrutinib-treated mice. The mRNA and protein expression levels of BTK, ITK, IL-1β, and IL-6 in orbital tissue were lower in ibrutinib-treated GO mouse group compared to the phosphate-buffered saline-treated GO mouse group.ConclusionThe GO mouse model demonstrated enhanced BTK and ITK expression. Ibrutinib, a BTK/ITK inhibitor, suppressed the inflammatory cytokine production. These findings highlight the potential involvement of BTK/ITK in the inflammatory pathogenesis of GO, suggesting its role as a novel therapeutic target.
Unveiling the cellular landscape: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing in multiple myeloma
Authors: Li Xinhan , Lin Zhiheng , Zhao Fu , Huang Tianjiao , Fan Weisen , Cen Lijun , Ma Jun 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this research was to gain a thorough understanding of the processes involved in cell communication and discover potential indicators for treating multiple myeloma (MM) through the use of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). And explored the expression of multiple myeloma-related subgroups on metal ion-related pathways to explore the relationship between MM and metal ions.MethodsWe performed a fair examination using single-cell RNA sequencing on 32 bone marrow specimens collected from 22 individuals at different points of MM advancement and 9 individuals without any health issues. To analyze the scRNA-seq data, we employed advanced computational algorithms, including Slingshot, Monocle2, and other methodologies. Specifically, Slingshot and Monocle2 enabled us to simulate the biological functionalities of different cell populations and map trajectories of cell developmental pathways. Additionally, we utilized the UMAP algorithm, a powerful dimension reduction technique, to cluster cells and identify genes that were differentially expressed across clusters.ResultsOur study revealed distinct gene expression patterns and molecular pathways within each patient, which exhibited associations with disease progression. The analysis provided insights into the tumor microenvironment (TME), intra- and inter-patient heterogeneity, and cell-cell interactions mediated by ligand-receptor signaling. And found that multiple myeloma-related subgroups were expressed higher levels in MMP and TIMP pathways, there were some associations.ConclusionOur study presents a fresh perspective for future research endeavors and clinical interventions in the field of MM. The identified gene expression patterns and molecular pathways hold immense potential as therapeutic targets for the treatment of multiple myeloma. The utilization of scRNA-seq technology has significantly contributed to a more precise understanding of the complex cellular processes and interactions within MM. Through these advancements, we are now better equipped to unravel the underlying mechanisms driving the development and progression of this complex disease.
Radiosynthesis and in-vitro identification of a molecular probe 131I-FAPI targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Tian Yaxin , Jiang Yanghongyan , Ma Ping , Ma Xiaowei , Du Liang , Wang Fengkui , Yu Xiaodong , Zhao Qian 
Published: August 2024

PurposeFibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed in the mesenchyme of most malignant epithelial tumors, while its expression is low in normal tissues. FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) bind specifically to FAP and are used for tumor-targeted diagnosis and therapy. The aim of this study was to radiosynthesize a novel molecular probe 131I-FAPI and evaluate its in-vitro targeting and biological characteristics.MethodsThe structurally modified FAPI was labelled with 131I through the chloramine-T method. The radiolabeling rate was then detected by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The stability of 131I-FAPI was determined at PBS (room temperature) and serum (37°C). Its hydrophilicity was calculated by measuring its lipid-water partition coefficient. Pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cell line and glioma U87 cell line were cultured in vitro. Cell uptake assay was used to show the binding ability of 131I-FAPI. The CCK-8 assay was used to calculate the inhibitory effects of 131I-FAPI at different time points (4h, 8h, 12h, 24h, 48h) after comparing with the 131I and FAPI. The before-and-after-24h scratch areas of the two cells were determined in order to verify the effect of 131I-FAPI on the migration ability of the cells.ResultsThe radiolabeling rate was (84.9 ± 1.02) %. The radiochemical purity of 131I-FAPI remained over 80% in both 25°C PBS and 37°C serum. The value of the lipid-water partition coefficient was -0.869 ± 0.025, indicating the hydrophilic of the probe. The cellular uptake assay showed that U87 cells had a specific binding capacity for 131I-FAPI. In cell inhibition assays, the inhibitory effect of 131I-FAPI on U87 cells increased with time. The results of cell scratch assay showed that 131I-FAPI had the strongest inhibitory effect on the migratory ability of U87 cells compared with 131I and FAPI (P&lt;0.001).Conclusion131I-FAPI was synthesized with good in-vitro stability and hydrophilic properties. It can be specifically bound by U87 cells. The proliferation and migration of U87 cells can be effectively inhibited. 131I-FAPI is promising to become a therapeutic probe.
Effect of whole-body cryotherapy on recovery after high-intensity training in elite rowers
Authors: Huang Tao , Dan Linfei , Wang Weirui , Ren Jiarui , Liu Xin , Li Jianshe 
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on acute recovery after a single high-intensity training day. Twelve elite professional male rowers from the national aquatic training base. They were randomly divided into a WBC group (n = 6) and a control group (CON group, n = 6). They performed a high-intensity training program, with a single session immediately followed by WBC (−110°C, 3 min) or recovered naturally for 3 min (CON group). Rowing performance, skin temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and blood lactate concentrations were recorded before training, immediately, 5 min, and 15 min after the intervention. Blood samples were collected early in the morning of the day of intervention and that of the following day. The results indicated that 1) the blood lactate concentrations after WBC were significantly lower than pre-training (p &lt; 0.05); 2) the maximum power significantly decreased immediately after WBC compared to pre-training (p &lt; 0.05); 3) a significant main effect of time was observed for average speed, which significantly decreased after WBC (p &lt; 0.05); 4) a significant main effect of time for blood parameters was observed. Specifically, hematocrit, cortisol, and hemoglobin were significantly lower after WBC than pre-intervention, whereas testosterone/cortisol was significantly higher than pre-intervention (p &lt; 0.05). The results of this study showed that a single session of WBC had a positive effect on accelerating the elimination of blood lactate after HIT, but did not significantly change rowing performance and physiological parameters. A single session of WBC was not an effective strategy for elite rowers for acute recovery after HIT.
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and its associated factors among the aging population in Gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Oumer Bilcha , Abera Rahel , Beshah Asrat , Tesfaye Selamnesh , Niguse Tilhun , Mohammed Bedria , Yimer Awol Arega , Sidamo Negussie Boti 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundDepression in the elderly is becoming a major public health problem worldwide. It is a major public health problem associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. However, especially in developing countries, they usually go undetected and untreated. There is little evidence of depressive symptoms among older people in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among the elderly population in the Gamo zone of southern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 840 randomly selected elderly individuals. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to recruit participants. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) screening tool. Data collection was performed through face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics were initially computed. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent factors associated with the outcome variable.ResultThe finding of the study showed that the prevalence of depressive symptoms among older people living in the Gamo zone was 424(50.48%) (95% CI=47.09-53.86). Age 70–74 years [AOR=2.81, 95% CI 1.64-4.81], 75 years and above [AOR=5.09, 95% CI 3.00-8.64], age 65–69 years [AOR=2.43, 95% CI 1.62-3.66]; being widowed [AOR=2.73, 95% CI 1.69-4.42], ever chewing khat [AOR=5.89, 95% CI 1.17-29.53], being poor economic status [AOR=9.35, 95% CI 3.58-24.45], being average economic status [AOR=5.36, 95% CI 2.15-13.37], having 1–2 stressful life events [AOR=5.13, 95% CI 3.35-7.86], having 3 and above stressful life events [AOR=11.02, 95% CI 6.59,18.41], living alone [AOR=2.65, 95% CI 1.43-4.93] and those who lived with children [AOR=3.16, 95% CI 1.70-5.88] were significantly associated with depression.ConclusionHalf of the study participants exhibited depressive symptoms. Urgent interventions are essential to enhance psychological well-being and mitigate the impact of various modifiable risk factors associated with depression symptoms in elderly individuals. This includes increasing social support, particularly for those who have experienced stressful life events, live alone, or have low economic status. Healthcare providers should implement routine screening for depressive symptoms and offer supportive counseling. Policymakers and stakeholders should prioritize improving access to mental health services.
The effect of comprehensive psychological interventions on the mental health of the community elderly
Authors: Zhang Zi-Ming , Liu Hui-Jun , Li Gang , He Ying , Guo Xin , Zhao Fang , Luo Ying-Jie 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo observe the intervention effect of comprehensive psychological interventions on the mental health of the elderly population.Methods133 elderly aged 60 and above in two urban districts of Tianshui City from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected and divided into the intervention group (n=67) and the control group (n=66). The intervention group received comprehensive psychological interventions, with no intervention given to the control group. The anxiety rate, depression rate, loneliness rate and happiness rate of the two groups were collected and compared pre- and post-intervention. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA) and Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH) were used to compare the psychological status of the elderly pre- and post-intervention.ResultsDifferences in the inter-group main effects and time-point main effects for SAS, SDS, UCLA, and MUNSH scores of the intervention group were significant (all p&lt;0.05). The SAS, SDS, and UCLA scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group after intervention. Meanwhile, the SAS and SDS scores of the intervention group were lower than those of the control group after intervention (all p&lt;0.05). Moreover, the MUNSH score of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group at 1-year follow-up post-intervention (p&lt;0.05). Compared with pre-intervention values, the proportions of anxiety, depression loneliness, and happiness in the intervention group were improved at 1-year follow-up post-intervention (all P&lt;0.05).ConclusionThis study provides basis and important support for further investigations and the monitoring of health indicators in a population as fragile as the elderly. Targeted comprehensive psychological interventions can improve the negative emotions of community-dwelling elderly and maintain their physical and mental health. The “community-hospital linkage” mental health service model can improve the mental health status of community-dwelling elderly.
Developing Core Indicators for Evaluating Second Victim Programs: An International Consensus Approach
Authors: Guerra-Paiva Sofia , Carrillo Irene , Mira José , Fernandes Joana , Strametz Reinhard , Gil-Hernández Eva , Sousa Paulo 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo establish a consensus for evaluating second victims (SV) support interventions to facilitate comparison over time and across different organizations.MethodsA three-phase qualitative study was conducted from June 2023 to March 2024. This consensus approach engaged members of the European Researchers Network Working on Second Victims. A nominal group technique and insights from a scoping review were used to create a questionnaire for Delphi Rounds. Indicators were rated 1–5, aiming for agreement if over 70% of participants rated an indicator as feasible and sensitive with scores above 4, followed by a consensus conference.ResultsFrom an initial set of 113 indicators, 59 were assessed online, with 35 advancing to the Delphi rounds. Two Delphi rounds were conducted, achieving response rates of over 60% and 80% respectively, resulting in consensus on 11 indicators for evaluating SV support programs. These indicators encompass awareness and activation, outcomes of SV support programs, as well as training offered by the institution.ConclusionThis study presents a scoreboard for designing and monitoring SV support programs, as well as measuring standardized outcomes in future research.
Case report: Effectiveness of pulsed dye laser in facial redness of atopic dermatitis: a report of three cases
Authors: Kuriyama Yuko , Motegi Sei-ichiro , Noda Shinji 
Published: August 2024

Facial redness in atopic dermatitis (AD) is often intractable due to factors like chronic inflammation, steroid-induced telangiectasia, and rosacea-like dermatitis from topical treatments. Pulsed-dye laser (PDL) effectively treats both vascular and non-vascular inflammatory conditions, but its use in adult AD is limited. This study presents three cases of refractory AD with significant facial erythema treated with PDL. Two women and one man had undergone five to thirteen PDL treatments at 3 weeks to 3-month intervals. Clinical response was evaluated using the Eczema Severity Score, which showed significant improvement after PDL treatments. Our cases explore the efficacy of PDL in treating refractory facial erythema in adult AD patients. Patients tolerated the procedures well without severe complications such as hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, or blister formation. These findings suggest that PDL effectively reduces facial redness and alleviates associated AD symptoms. PDL is expected to address both vasodilation and cutaneous inflammation as an adjunctive therapy to manage refractory facial redness in adult AD. Further cases and research are needed to fully understand PDL’s immunomodulatory effects.