bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memristive properties of hexagonal WO3 nanowires induced by oxygen vacancy migration
Authors: He Xiongwu , Yin Yanling , Guo Jie , Yuan Huajun , Peng Yuehua , Zhou Yong , Zhao Ding , Hai Kuo , Zhou Weichang , Tang Dongsheng 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is always oxygen-deficient or non-stoichiometric under atmospheric conditions. Positively charged oxygen vacancies prefer to drift as well as electrons when the electric field is strong enough, which will alter the distribution of oxygen vacancies and then endow WO3 with memristive properties. In Au/WO3 nanowire/Au sandwich structures with two ohmic contacts, the axial distribution of oxygen vacancies and then the electrical transport properties can be more easily modulated by bias voltage. The threshold electric field for oxygen vacancy drifting in single-crystal hexagonal WO3 nanowire is about 106 V/m, one order of magnitude less than that in its granular film. At elevated temperatures, the oxygen vacancy drifts and then the memristive effect can be enhanced remarkably. When the two metallic contacts are asymmetric, the WO3 nanowire devices even demonstrate good rectifying characteristic at elevated temperatures. Based on the drift of oxygen vacancies, nanoelectronic devices such as memristor, rectifier, and two-terminal resistive random access memory can be fabricated on individual WO3 nanowires.
Moderate and prolonged hypercapnic acidosis may protect against ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction in healthy piglet: an in vivo study
Authors: Jung Boris , Sebbane Mustapha , Goff Charlotte Le , Rossel Nans , Chanques Gerald , Futier Emmanuel , Constantin Jean-Michel , Matecki Stefan , Jaber Samir 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Protective ventilation by using limited airway pressures and ventilation may result in moderate and prolonged hypercapnic acidosis, as often observed in critically ill patients. Because allowing moderate and prolonged hypercapnia may be considered protective measure for the lungs, we hypothesized that moderate and prolonged hypercapnic acidosis may protect the diaphragm against ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of moderate and prolonged (72 hours of mechanical ventilation) hypercapnic acidosis on in vivo diaphragmatic function.

Methods
Two groups of anesthetized piglets were ventilated during a 72-hour period. Piglets were assigned to the Normocapnia group (n = 6), ventilated in normocapnia, or to the Hypercapnia group (n = 6), ventilated with moderate hypercapnic acidosis (PaCO2 from 55 to 70 mm Hg) during the 72-hour period of the study. Every 12 hours, we measured transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) after bilateral, supramaximal transjugular stimulation of the two phrenic nerves to assess in vivo diaphragmatic contractile force. Pressure/frequency curves were drawn after stimulation from 20 to 120 Hz of the phrenic nerves. The protocol was approved by our institutional animal-care committee.

Results
Moderate and prolonged hypercapnic acidosis was well tolerated during the study period. The baseline pressure/frequency curves of the two groups were not significantly different (Pdi at 20 Hz, 32.7 ± 8.7 cm H2O, versus 34.4 ± 8.4 cm H2O; and at 120 Hz, 56.8 ± 8.7 cm H2O versus 60.8 ± 5.7 cm H2O, for Normocapnia and Hypercapnia groups, respectively). After 72 hours of ventilation, Pdi decreased by 25% of its baseline value in the Normocapnia group, whereas Pdi did not decrease in the Hypercapnia group.

Conclusions
Moderate and prolonged hypercapnic acidosis limited the occurrence of VIDD during controlled mechanical ventilation in a healthy piglet model. Consequences of moderate and prolonged hypercapnic acidosis should be better explored with further studies before being tested on patients.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses TLR-induced CXCL8 secretion from human T cells
Authors: Sharma Naveen , Akhade Ajay Suresh , Qadri Ayub 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Serum-borne bioactive lipid S1P inhibits TLR- induced secretion of CXCL8 from human T cells, modulating inflammatory responses.
T cells produce a number of cytokines and chemokines upon stimulation with TLR agonists in the presence or absence of TCR signals. Here, we show that secretion of neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL8 from human T cell line Jurkat in response to stimulation with TLR agonists is reduced when cell stimulation is carried out in presence of serum. Serum does not, however, inhibit TCR-activated secretion of CXCL8 nor does it down-regulate TLR-costimulated IL-2 secretion from activated T cells. The molecule that can mimic the ability to bring about suppression in CXCL8 from TLR-activated T cells is serum-borne bioactive lipid, S1P. Serum and S1P-mediated inhibition require intracellular calcium. S1P also suppresses CXCL8 secretion from peripheral blood-derived human T cells activated ex vivo with various TLR ligands. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for S1P in regulating TLR-induced CXCL8 secretion from human T cells.
p62/SQSTM1 regulates cellular oxygen sensing by attenuating PHD3 activity through aggregate sequestration and enhanced degradation
Authors: Rantanen Krista , Pursiheimo Juha-Pekka , Högel Heidi , Miikkulainen Petra , Sundström Jari , Jaakkola Panu M. 
Published: January 2013

Summary
The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase PHD3 regulates cellular responses to hypoxia. In normoxia the expression of PHD3 is low and it occurs in cytosolic aggregates. SQSTM1/p62 (p62) recruits proteins into cytosolic aggregates, regulates metabolism and protein degradation and is downregulated by hypoxia. Here we show that p62 determines the localization, expression and activity of PHD3. In normoxia PHD3 interacted with p62 in cytosolic aggregates, and p62 was required for PHD3 aggregation that was lost upon transfer to hypoxia, allowing PHD3 to be expressed evenly throughout the cell. In line with this, p62 enhanced the normoxic degradation of PHD3. Depletion of p62 in normoxia led to elevated PHD3 levels, whereas forced p62 expression in hypoxia downregulated PHD3. The loss of p62 resulted in enhanced interaction of PHD3 with HIF-α and reduced HIF-α levels. The data demonstrate p62 is a critical regulator of the hypoxia response and PHD3 activity, by inducing PHD3 aggregation and degradation under normoxia.
Preface
Authors: Huang Xiaoming , Li Guoqiang , Rhea John W. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
With the ever increasing axle load and traffic volume, premature failure of Heavy Duty Asphalt Pavement and Bridge Deck Pavement has been a major problem facing the academia and industrial community for years. In responding to the challenge, the ISAP (The International Society for Asphalt Pavements) Third International Symposium on Heavy Duty Asphalt Pavement and Bridge Deck Pavement was held in May 23–25, 2012, Nanjing, China. Experts in both academia and industry and from around the world shared their ideas and discussed state-of-the-art advancement in cutting-edge scientific research in related areas.
This special issue on “Heavy Duty Asphalt Pavements and Bridge Deck Pavement” is a collection of 30 papers selected from over 190 papers through a rigorous peer review process in accordance with the academic standards set up by the Journal of Testing and Evaluation. The selected papers cover a broad spectrum of topics from materials to pavement structures, construction, maintenance, and management related to heavy duty pavement and bridge deck pavement. Fundamentally, these topics can be roughly divided into four groups. The first group deals with pavement materials such as design and performance of asphalt mixtures, test methods and characterization of mixtures, innovations in modified asphalt, and recycling. The second group focuses on pavement structures, including axle load investigation and axle load spectrum, semi-rigid base pavement structure, flexible pavement, composite pavement, pavement structure design, and subgrade structure. The focus of the third group is on bridge deck pavement, including mechanics analysis, concrete deck pavement, steel deck pavement, and waterproof layer and bond layer. The last group deals with construction, maintenance and management, including construction technique and equipment, preventive maintenance for heavy traffic roads, policies and measures for overweight control, life cycle assessments, and traffic planning for heavy traffic roads.
The guest editors of this special issue are confi dent that this collection of highly relevant and impactful contributions will be of interest to many diverse audiences, be they in academia or industry. We are grateful to have achieved such a high quality collection of papers and would like to thank the authors for their contributions. We would also like to thank the chief editor and staff in the editorial office of the Journal of Testing and Evaluation for their assistance during the course of organizing this special issue. Furthermore, we would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their rigorous review. We would like to encourage the whole field to continue the progress in all fronts related to heavy duty pavement and bridge deck pavement.
On estimating probability of presence from use–availability or presence–background data
Authors: Phillips Steven J. , Elith Jane 
Published: January 2013

A fundamental ecological modeling task is to estimate the probability that a species is present in (or uses) a site, conditional on environmental variables. For many species, available data consist of “presence” data (locations where the species [or evidence of it] has been observed), together with “background” data, a random sample of available environmental conditions.Recently published papers disagree on whether probability of presence is identifiable from such presence–background data alone. This paper aims to resolve the disagreement, demonstrating that additional information is required.We defined seven simulated species representing various simple shapes of response to environmental variables (constant, linear, convex, unimodal, S‐shaped) and ran five logistic model‐fitting methods using 1000 presence samples and 10 000 background samples; the simulations were repeated 100 times. The experiment revealed a stark contrast between two groups of methods: those based on a strong assumption that species' true probability of presence exactly matches a given parametric form had highly variable predictions and much larger RMS error than methods that take population prevalence (the fraction of sites in which the species is present) as an additional parameter. For six species, the former group grossly under‐ or overestimated probability of presence. The cause was not model structure or choice of link function, because all methods were logistic with linear and, where necessary, quadratic terms. Rather, the experiment demonstrates that an estimate of prevalence is not just helpful, but is necessary (except in special cases) for identifying probability of presence. We therefore advise against use of methods that rely on the strong assumption, due to Lele and Keim (recently advocated by Royle et al.) and Lancaster and Imbens. The methods are fragile, and their strong assumption is unlikely to be true in practice. We emphasize, however, that we are not arguing against standard statistical methods such as logistic regression, generalized linear models, and so forth, none of which requires the strong assumption.If probability of presence is required for a given application, there is no panacea for lack of data. Presence–background data must be augmented with an additional datum, e.g., species' prevalence, to reliably estimate absolute (rather than relative) probability of presence.
Human NK Cells Selective Targeting of Colon Cancer–Initiating Cells: A Role for Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors and MHC Class I Molecules
Authors: Tallerico Rossana , Todaro Matilde , Di Franco Simone , Maccalli Cristina , Garofalo Cinzia , Sottile Rosa , Palmieri Camillo , Tirinato Luca , Pangigadde Pradeepa N. , La Rocca Rosanna , Mandelboim Ofer , Stassi Giorgio , Di Fabrizio Enzo , Parmiani Giorgio , Moretta Alessandro , Dieli Francesco , Kärre Klas , Carbone Ennio 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Tumor cell populations have been recently proposed to be composed of two compartments: tumor-initiating cells characterized by a slow and asymmetrical growth, and the “differentiated” cancer cells with a fast and symmetrical growth. Cancer stem cells or cancer-initiating cells (CICs) play a crucial role in tumor recurrence. The resistance of CICs to drugs and irradiation often allows them to survive traditional therapy. NK cells are potent cytotoxic lymphocytes that can recognize tumor cells. In this study, we have analyzed the NK cell recognition of tumor target cells derived from the two cancer cell compartments of colon adenocarcinoma lesions. Our data demonstrate that freshly purified allogeneic NK cells can recognize and kill colorectal carcinoma–derived CICs whereas the non-CIC counterpart of the tumors (differentiated tumor cells), either autologous or allogeneic, is less susceptible to NK cells. This difference in the NK cell susceptibility correlates with higher expression on CICs of ligands for NKp30 and NKp44 in the natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) group of activating NK receptors. In contrast, CICs express lower levels of MHC class I, known to inhibit NK recognition, on their surface than do the “differentiated” tumor cells. These data have been validated by confocal microscopy where NCR ligands and MHC class I molecule membrane distribution have been analyzed. Moreover, NK cell receptor blockade in cytotoxicity assays demonstrates that NCRs play a major role in the recognition of CIC targets. This study strengthens the idea that biology-based therapy harnessing NK cells could be an attractive opportunity in solid tumors.
Activated Invariant NKT Cells Control Central Nervous System Autoimmunity in a Mechanism That Involves Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
Authors: Parekh Vrajesh V. , Wu Lan , Olivares-Villagómez Danyvid , Wilson Keith T. , Van Kaer Luc 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are a subset of T lymphocytes that recognize glycolipid Ags presented by the MHC class I–related protein CD1d. Activation of iNKT cells with glycolipid Ags, such as the marine sponge–derived reagent α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), results in the rapid production of a variety of cytokines and activation of many other immune cell types. These immunomodulatory properties of iNKT cells have been exploited for the development of immunotherapies against a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, but mechanisms by which activated iNKT cells confer disease protection have remained incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that glycolipid-activated iNKT cells cooperate with myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in protecting mice against the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice, an animal model for multiple sclerosis. We show that α-GalCer induced the expansion and immunosuppressive activities of MDSCs in the spleen of mice induced for development of EAE. Disease protection in these animals also correlated with recruitment of MDSCs to the CNS. Depletion of MDSCs abrogated the protective effects of α-GalCer against EAE and, conversely, adoptive transfer of MDSCs from α-GalCer-treated mice ameliorated passive EAE induced in recipient animals. The cytokines GM-CSF, IL-4, and IFN-γ, produced by activated iNKT cells, and inducible NO synthase, arginase-1, and IL-10 produced by MDSCs, contributed to these effects. Our findings have revealed cooperative immunosuppressive interactions between iNKT cells and MDSCs that might be exploited for the development of improved immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
The Inhibin B Response in Male Rats Treated with a GnRH Agonist and an Endothelin Receptor Antagonist
Authors: Coulson Michelle , Mitchard Terri , Bickerton Sue , Harris Jayne , Betts Catherine , Stewart Jane 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUNDThis study examined the correlation between Inhibin B and testicular pathology.
METHODSMale Han Wistar rats (approximately 10 weeks old) were administered either vehicle or an endothelin receptor antagonist (ET‐An) orally for 28 days or a Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonist (GnRH‐A) as a subcutaneous implant on day 1. Ten animals/group/time point were killed on days 4, 8, 15, and 29 (controls on days 15 and 29) for testes weights and histopathology. In‐life blood samples were taken on days 4, 8, 15, and 29 to measure Inhibin B, Follicle‐Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Lutenising Hormone (LH), and at necropsy for the same hormones plus testosterone.RESULTSPlasma Inhibin B showed a wide concentration range in controls (group means 76.4–184.2 pg/ml; individual animals 17.8–381 pg/ml). GnRH‐A caused decreased testes weights plus degenerative testicular pathology from day 4 with partial recovery by day 29. Statistically significant reductions in Inhibin B were observed at all time points and appeared to track the development and partial recovery of the pathology (generally <50 pg/ml on days 4–15; group mean 92 pg/ml on day 29). ET‐An produced an increase in testes weights and a nondegenerative lesion of minimal tubular dilatation. There was a trend for lower Inhibin B values (30–50%) at all time points, including on day 4 when tubular dilatation was not yet evident.CONCLUSIONInhibin B showed a good correlation with testicular pathology for GnRH‐A, and following ET‐An administration appeared to give a signal that might reflect changes in tubular function in the absence of degenerative pathology.
Inhibin B in Plasma Samples from Male Volunteer Panel Selected for Health but Not Fertility: Sources of Variability
Authors: Stewart Jane , Bickerton Sue , Betts Catherine J , Kirk Sarah 
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUNDInhibin B was measured in plasma samples obtained from 34 healthy male subjects selected on criteria typical for a phase I clinical trial across a wide age range (19–70 years).METHODSMutiple samples (up to seven per subject) were obtained as a set consisting of one baseline sample then three pairs of morning and evening samples. This allowed assessment of the fed/fasted state and diurnal effects. Samples were analyzed using a commercially available inhibin B ELISA assay. Across all time points, the mean plasma inhibin B was 197 pg/ml ± 67pg/ml.RESULTSThe results confirmed a diurnal effect where inhibin B concentration is on average about 40 pg/ml greater in the morning and showed a negative influence of age on inhibin B concentrations. There was no overt influence of body mass index on inhibin B. A variance components analysis revealed that more than 80% of the total variability was due to the variability observed between individuals. Within the fed‐fasted sampling schedule of this study, inhibin B levels were slightly lower when volunteers had eaten but the magnitude of this effect was within the variance encountered between occasions.CONCLUSIONThese results illustrate that when undertaking longitudinal monitoring of inhibin B in clinical trials as means of monitoring testicular function, it is important to obtain samples from an individual at the same time of day and to use statistical methods which analyze the magnitude of deviation of an individual from their personal baseline as well as looking at group means and influence of study duration.
Heavy water enrichment by thermal diffusion in the flat‐plate frazier scheme with column heights increased at a constant ratio for improved performance
Authors: Hsu Ching‐Chun , Yeh Ho‐Ming 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis study investigates heavy water enrichment using the Frazier scheme of flat‐plate thermal diffusion columns with the column number adjusted and the column heights varied at a constant ratio with the total sum of column heights fixed. The equations for predicting the best number of columns and the best column‐height ratio for maximum separation are derived. Considerable improvement in performance is obtainable if the column‐height ratio and/or column number in a modified Frazier scheme are properly assigned, instead of using the conventional Frazier scheme of uniform column height with the same total sum of column heights. © 2013 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Decarboxylative Mannich Reactions
Authors: Böhm Maximillian , Proksch Kerstin , Mahrwald Rainer 
Published: January 2013

Abstractp‐Methoxyphenylimines obtained from enolizable aldehydes react in the absence of catalysts at room temperature with β‐keto carboxylic acids through a decarboxylative Mannich reaction. The Mannich products were obtained with a high degree of anti selectivity. By use of chiral oxygen‐containing aldehydes, operationally simple access to aminohydroxylated polyketide substructures is possible.
When status differences are illegitimate, groups' needs diverge: Testing the needs‐based model of reconciliation in contexts of status inequality
Authors: Siem Birte , von Oettingen Maria , Mummendey Amélie , Nadler Arie 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe present paper extends the needs‐based model of reconciliation to contexts marked by status inequalities rather than by overt intergroup aggression. Specifically, we investigated whether and when members of high‐status versus low‐status groups experience divergent socio‐emotional needs vis‐à‐vis members of the respective other status group. Building on research informed by social identity theory, we hypothesized that the groups' different positions in the social hierarchy only translate into divergent needs when the status differences are perceived as illegitimate. In Study 1 (N = 130), we tested this prediction by manipulating status and perceived legitimacy of status differences in a setting with artificially created groups. Results confirmed that the need to be socially accepted by members of the other status group was stronger in high‐status compared with low‐status group members but, as expected, only when the status differences were perceived to be illegitimate. Also as predicted, the need to be empowered by the other status group was stronger in low‐status compared with high‐status group members, again only under conditions of illegitimate status differences. Study 2 (N = 169) further corroborated our perspective by replicating these findings in a naturalistic intergroup context. Implications for the role of legitimacy perceptions in determining differential socio‐emotional needs and for the promotion of sustainable social change are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.