bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relating genes in the biosynthesis of the polyphenol composition of Andean colored potato collection
Authors: Tejeda Leslie , Alvarado Juan Antonio , Dębiec Magdalena , Peñarrieta José Mauricio , Cárdenas Oscar , Alvarez Maria Teresa , Chawade Aakash , Nilsson Lars , Bergenståhl Björn 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenolic content (TPH), and the identification of anthocyanidin and polyphenolic compounds in 13 colored potatoes collected from the Andean region of Bolivia, and understand how the chemical composition correlated with the botanical classification and molecular characterization of genes, ans (anthocyanidin synthase) and stan1 (Solanum tuberosum anthocyanidin synthase), associated with the synthesis of anthocyanidins. The results show the existence of a limited correlation between botanical classification, based on morphological identification and polyphenol composition. No association between genetic grouping of the ans and stan genes and botanical classification was found. However, it was possible to identify a correlation between the ans gene clades and the levels of anthocyanidins as well as of other polyphenols. Thus, this result confirms the concept that potato color can be used in the search for high polyphenol potato cultivars.
Survival outcomes of patients with temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma with different invasion patterns
Authors: Xie Bingbin , Zhang Ting , Dai Chunfu 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe correlation between the survival rate and various invasion patterns of patients with temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is unclear. This study was performed to compare the survival outcomes of these patients to disclose the correlation.MethodsThe cases of 39 patients with temporal bone SCC who underwent surgery between January 2004 and December 2012 were reviewed.ResultsThe 2‐year overall survival rate was 56.9%, and it was 22.3% for patients with stage IV disease, and 100% for patients with stage I–III disease. Patients with parotid invasion (n = 11), temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement (n = 8), and middle ear surgery (n = 7) before temporal bone malignancies were diagnosed had poor survival with statistical difference.ConclusionPatients with parotid gland, TMJ involvement, and previous middle ear surgery for chronic otitis media had poor outcomes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 188‐196, 2015
The influence of intensity and duration of a painful conditioning stimulation on conditioned pain modulation in volunteers
Authors: Razavi M. , Hansson P.T. , Johansson B. , Leffler A.‐S. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackground and MethodThe aim was to investigate influence from variations in intensity of a painful conditioning stimulation (CS) on early (0–6 min) and prolonged (6–12 min) conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in volunteers during concurrent exposure to test stimuli (TS). CS was applied to either forearm using painful heat with an intensity of 2/10 and 5/10, respectively, rated on a 0–10 numerical pain rating scale. At a second session, CS with an intensity of 7/10 was applied to the arm using a tourniquet. Threshold and suprathreshold painful heat and pressure as well as painful repeated monofilament pricking (RMP) were assessed as TS.ResultsRegardless of TS, there was no significant difference in the magnitude of CPM within the same stimulus modality during the various intensities and phases of the CS. Significant modulation of heat pain thresholds (HPTs) was found during the early phase at 5/10 and 7/10, but not at 2/10. Only at 5/10 the prolonged CS resulted in a significant additional increase in HPT. During the early CS phase, CPM of suprathreshold heat pain was found at 2/10 and 5/10. The prolonged CS resulted in a significant additional temperature increase at 5/10. Only during the early phase significant CPM of pressure pain thresholds were found for all three pain intensities in conjunction with a significant CPM of suprathreshold pressure pain at 5/10. There was no CPM of RMP.ConclusionThe CS intensity and the duration of CPM modulated pain sensitivity differentially across TS modalities.
Poly‐cyclodextrin functionalized porous bioceramics for local chemotherapy and anticancer bone reconstruction
Authors: Chai Feng , Abdelkarim Mohamed , Laurent Thomas , Tabary Nicolas , Degoutin Stephanie , Simon Nicolas , Peters Fabian , Blanchemain Nicolas , Martel Bernard , Hildebrand Hartmut F. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe progress in bone cancer surgery and multimodal treatment concept achieve only modest improvement in the overall survival, due to failure in clearing out residual cancer cells at the surgical margin and extreme side‐effects of adjuvant postoperative treatments. Our study aims to propose a new method based on cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) functionalized hydroxyapatite (HA) for achieving a high local drug concentration with a sustained release profile and a better control of residual malignant cells via local drug delivery and promotion of the reconstruction of bone defects. PolyCD, a versatile carrier for therapeutic molecules, can be incorporated into HA (bone regeneration scaffold) through thermal treatment. The parameters of polyCD treatment on the macroporous HA (porosity 65%) were characterized via thermogravimetric analysis. Good cytocompatibility of polyCD functionalized bioceramics was demonstrated on osteoblast cells by cell vitality assay. An antibiotic (gentamicin) and an anticancer agent (cisplatin) were respectively loaded on polyCD functionalized bioceramics for drug release test. The results show that polyCD functionalization leads to significantly improved drug loading quantity (30% more concerning gentamicin and twice more for cisplatin) and drug release duration (7 days longer concerning gentamicin and 3 days longer for cisplatin). Conclusively, this study offers a safe and reliable drug delivery system for bioceramic matrices, which can load anticancer agents (or/and antibiotics) to reduce local recurrence (or/and infection). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1130–1139, 2014.
MiR-335-5p Promotes Chondrogenesis in Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Is Regulated Through Two Positive Feedback Loops
Authors: Lin Xiao , Wu Li , Zhang Zhenming , Yang Ruohuan , Guan Qian , Hou Xinfeng , Wu Qiong 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACT

Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is regulated by many factors and signal pathways, including transcription factors such as Sox9 and microRNAs. MiR-335-5p has been previously reported to regulate osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations of MSCs, but its role in chondrogenic differentiation of MSC remains unknown. In this study, we found that miR-335-5p and its host gene Mest are co-expressed and greatly upregulated during mouse MSCs (mMSCs) chondrogenesis. Overexpression of miR-335-5p in mMSCs increased expression of chondrogenic marker genes. Molecular mechanism explorations revealed that miR-335-5p targets Daam1 and ROCK1, a set of negative regulators of Sox9; Sox9 downregulates the expression of miR-29a and 29b, both negative regulators of Mest expression, thus forming a positive loop from miR-335-5p to Sox9 to Mest/miR-335-5p. In addition, miR-335-5p targets DKK1 during mMSC chondrogenic differentiation to increase β-catenin/TCF activity, which leads to increased level of Mest transcription. These data showed miR-335-5p positively regulates MSC chondrogenesis, and two positive feedback loops are identified for the expression of miR-335-5p and its host gene Mest during the early phase of mMSC chondrogenic differentiation. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Imaging COX‐2 expression in cancer using PET/SPECT radioligands: current status and future directions
Authors: Pacelli A. , Greenman J. , Cawthorne C. , Smith G. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe role of cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 as a driving force in early tumourigenesis and the current interest in the combination of COX‐2 inhibitors with standard therapy in clinical trials creates an urgent need to establish clinically relevant diagnostic tests for COX‐2 expression. Molecular imaging using small‐molecule probes radiolabelled for both positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) offers the potential to meet this need, providing a minimally invasive readout for the whole disease burden. This review summarises current approaches to the radiolabelling of small‐molecule COX‐2 inhibitors and their analogues for PET and SPECT imaging, and gives an overview of their biological evaluation and likely success of clinical application.
Dental patterning in the earliest sharks: Implications for tooth evolution
Authors: Maisey John G. , Turner Susan , Naylor Gavin J.P. , Miller Randall F. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTDoliodus problematicusis the oldest known fossil shark‐like fish with an almost intact dentition (Emsian, Lower Devonian, c. 397Ma). We provide a detailed description of the teeth and dentition inD. problematicus, based on tomographic analysis of NBMG 10127 (New Brunswick Museum, Canada). Comparisons with modern shark dentitions suggest thatDolioduswas a ram‐feeding predator with a dentition adapted to seizing and disabling prey.Doliodusprovides several clues about the early evolution of the “shark‐like” dentition in chondrichthyans and also raises new questions about the evolution of oral teeth in jawed vertebrates. As in modern sharks, teeth inDolioduswere replaced in a linguo‐labial sequence within tooth families at fixed positions along the jaws (12–14 tooth families per jaw quadrant in NBMG 10127).Doliodusteeth were replaced much more slowly than in modern sharks. Nevertheless, its tooth formation was apparently as highly organized as in modern elasmobranchs, in which future tooth positions are indicated by synchronized expression ofshhat fixed loci within the dental epithelium. Comparable dental arrays are absent in osteichthyans, placoderms, and many “acanthodians”; a “shark‐like” dentition, therefore, may be a synapomorphy of chondrichthyans and gnathostomes such asPtomacanthus. The upper anterior teeth inDolioduswere not attached to the palatoquadrates, but were instead supported by the ethmoid region of the prechordal basicranium, as in some other Paleozoic taxa (e.g.,Triodus,Ptomacanthus). This suggests that the chondrichthyan dental lamina was originally associated with prechordal basicranial cartilage as well as jaw cartilage, and that the modern elasmobranch condition (in which the oral dentition is confined to the jaws) is phylogenetically advanced. Thus, oral tooth development in modern elasmobranchs does not provide a complete developmental model for chondrichthyans or gnathostomes. J. Morphol. 275:586–596, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design of 3D Hybrid Composite Scaffolds: Effect of Composition on Scaffold Structure and Cell Proliferation
Authors: Dorati R. , Colonna C. , Tomasi C. , Genta I. , Modena T. , Conti B. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryThe aim of this study was to develop multi‐phase composite 3D scaffolds and to investigate the in vitro degradation performance, the cell seeding capacity and cells proliferation onto/into the composite scaffolds. Multi‐phase composite scaffolds were formulated by solvent casting and particulate leaching technique, hydroxyapatite (HAP) was used to improve the mechanical properties of poly[(DL‐lactide)‐coglycolide] (PLGA) polymer scaffold, while chitosan (CTS) was added to the formulation for its bioactivity, osteoconductivity and bioadhesive properties. The in vitro degradation results demonstrated that the composite scaffold had a degradation rate correlating with their composition and structural features. Adult fibroblast cells were seeded on the surface of the composite scaffolds. Cell viability and long‐term proliferation onto/into composite scaffolds were evaluated. The results showed that viable cells attached on the surface of scaffolds gradually migrated into the porous scaffold. These results suggest that the two‐phase scaffold, namely PLGA/HAP and PLGA/CTS composite scaffolds, are promising grafts for bone tissue engineering. Further studies are in progress to design an improved three‐phase composite construct obtained combining PLGA, HAP and CTS in a wafer‐like scaffold.
Development and characterization of active nanocomposites with embedded shape memory alloy wires
Authors: Leal A. S. C. , de Araújo C. J. , Silva S. M. L. , de Lima A. G. B. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractActive nanocomposites of epoxy resin containing bentonite clay and shape memory alloy (SMA) were made to evaluate the thermomechanical behavior in the range of phase transformation of shape memory alloy during heating. The epoxy resin system studied was prepared using bifunctional diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), crosslinking agent diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS), purified bentonite organoclay (APOC) and thin Ni‐Ti shape memory alloy wires. The evaluated ratio DGEBA/DDS was 100:40, for the epoxy resin/clay system was 100:1 and the shape memory alloy volumetric fraction of Ni‐Ti wires were 1.55%; 2.56%; 3.57% and 4.54%. The formation of nanocomposite was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analysis. Phase transformation of the shape memory alloy wires were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Specimens of the active nanocomposites were characterized mainly by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). According to the DMA results was evidenced a significant increase in glass transition temperature and storage modulus when 1 parts per hundred resin of clay is added to epoxy resin. A recover of storage modulus was observed in the active nanocomposite during heating in the range of the phase transformation of Ni‐Ti shape memory alloy wires when the volumetric fraction is above 3.5%.
Transport properties of the carbon‐metal nanocomposites
Authors: Kalnysh T. , Semen'ko M. , Zakharenko M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe temperature behavior of the resistance of the thermo exfoliated graphite thermo exfoliated graphite and cobalt‐containing nanocomposites on its base have been investigated. It is shown that the electrical properties of these materials could be easy explained within the incipient localization model. The influence of the metal modifier on the electric transport has been also analyzed.
They still grieve—a nationwide follow‐up of young adults 2–9 years after losing a sibling to cancer
Authors: Sveen Josefin , Eilegård Alexandra , Steineck Gunnar , Kreicbergs Ulrika 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of unresolved grief in bereaved young adult siblings and examine possible contributing factors.MethodsThe study was a Swedish population‐based study of young adults who had lost a brother or sister to cancer, 2–9 years earlier. Of 240 eligible siblings, 174 (73%) completed a study‐specific questionnaire. This study focused on whether the respondents had worked through their grief over the sibling's death and to what extent.ResultsA majority (54%) of siblings stated that they had worked through their grief either ‘not at all’ or ‘to some extent’ at the time of investigation. In multiple regression analyses with unresolved grief as the dependent variable, 21% of the variance was explained by lack of social support and shorter time since loss.ConclusionThe majority of bereaved young adults had not worked through their grief over the sibling's death. A small group of siblings reported that they had not worked through their grief at all, which may be an indicator of prolonged grief. Lack of social support and more recent loss were associated with not having worked through the grief over the sibling's death. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear H ∞  output feedback control with integrator for polynomial discrete‐time systems
Authors: Saat Shakir , Nguang Sing Kiong 
Published: December 2013

SummaryThis paper investigates the problem of designing a nonlinear H ∞  output feedback controller for a class of polynomial discrete‐time systems. In general, this problem is hard to be formulated in a convex form because the relation between the control input and the Lyapunov function is always not jointly convex. Therefore, the problem cannot be solved via semidefinite programming (SDP). On the basis of the sum of squares (SOS) approach and incorporation of an integrator into the controller, sufficient conditions for the existence of a nonlinear H ∞  output feedback controller are given in terms of SOS conditions, which can be solved by an SDP solver. In contrast to the existing methods, a less conservative result is obtained. Finally, numerical examples are used to demonstrate the validity of this integrator approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictive factors for temporary defunctioning stoma permanence in the treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Formiga Fernanda Bellotti , Miotto Sabrina , Formiga Galdino José Sitônio , Denardin Odilon Victor Porto 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Purpose determine the predictive factors for non-closure of defunctioning stoma in the low anterior resection for the treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma.
Methods a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing low anterior resection with defunctioning stoma for a period of nine years was performed. We compared, using univariate and multivariate analysis, the group that closed the defunctioning stoma (Group A) with the group that did not (Group B).
Results eighty-one patients were analyzed; mean age was 61 ± 11 years, with a predominance of women (55.6%). Middle rectal tumors (66.6%), pT3 (59.2%) and pN0 (71.6%) were the most frequent. Stapled anastomosis (65.4%), and loop colostomy (80.2%) were the procedures most frequently performed. Sixty-five patients (80.2%) underwent stoma closure. The mean time for closure was 8.7 ± 4.4 months. The independent risk factors for non-closure of defunctioning stoma were complications of the anastomosis (p = 0.008) and follow-up complications (p = 0.007).
Conclusion complications with anastomosis and during the follow-up are factors that may justify a permanent stoma after low anterior resection for treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma.
Pre‐clinical efficacy of PU‐H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor, alone and in combination with bortezomib in Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Ambati Srikanth R. , Lopes Eloisi Caldas , Kosugi Kohji , Mony Ullas , Zehir Ahmet , Shah Smit K. , Taldone Tony , Moreira Andre L. , Meyers Paul A. , Chiosis Gabriela , Moore Malcolm A.S. 
Published: December 2013

Ewing sarcoma is characterized by multiple deregulated pathways that mediate cell survival and proliferation. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a critical component of the multi‐chaperone complexes that regulate the disposition and activity of a large number of proteins involved in cell‐signaling systems. We tested the efficacy of PU‐H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor in Ewing sarcoma cell lines, primary samples, benign mesenchymal stromal cells and hematopoietic stem cells. We performed cell cycle analysis, clonogenic assay, immunoblot analysis and reverse phase protein array in Ewing cell lines and in vivo experiments in NSG and nude mice using the A673 cell line. We noted a significant therapeutic window in the activity of PU‐H71 against Ewing cell lines and benign cells. PU‐H71 treatment resulted in G2/M phase arrest. Exposure to PU‐H71 resulted in depletion of critical proteins including AKT, pERK, RAF‐1, c‐MYC, c‐KIT, IGF1R, hTERT and EWS‐FLI1 in Ewing cell lines. Our results indicated that Ewing sarcoma tumor growth and the metastatic burden were significantly reduced in the mice injected with PU‐H71 compared to the control mice. We also investigated the effects of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, alone and in combination with PU‐H71 in Ewing sarcoma. Combination index (CI)‐Fa plots and normalized isobolograms indicated synergism between PU‐H71 and bortezomib. Ewing sarcoma xenografts were significantly inhibited when mice were treated with the combination compared to vehicle or either drug alone. This provides a strong rationale for clinical evaluation of PU‐H71 alone and in combination with bortezomib in Ewing sarcoma.
The turbulence boundary of a temporal jet
Authors: van Reeuwijk Maarten , Holzner Markus 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe examine the structure of the turbulence boundary of a temporal plane jet at$\mathit{Re}= 5000$using statistics conditioned on the enstrophy. The data is obtained by direct numerical simulation and threshold values span 24 orders of magnitude, ranging from essentially irrotational fluid outside the jet to fully turbulent fluid in the jet core. We use two independent estimators for the local entrainment velocity${v}_{n} $based on the enstrophy budget. The data show clear evidence for the existence of a viscous superlayer (VSL) that envelopes the turbulence. The VSL is a nearly one-dimensional layer with low surface curvature. We find that both its area and viscous transport velocity adjust to the imposed rate of entrainment so that the integral entrainment flux is independent of threshold, although low-Reynolds-number effects play a role for the case under consideration. This threshold independence is consistent with the inviscid nature of the integral rate of entrainment. A theoretical model of the VSL is developed that is in reasonably good agreement with the data and predicts that the contribution of viscous transport and dissipation to interface propagation have magnitude$2{v}_{n} $and$- {v}_{n} $, respectively. We further identify a turbulent core region (TC) and a buffer region (BR) connecting the VSL and the TC. The BR grows in time and inviscid enstrophy production is important in this region. The BR shows many similarities with the turbulent–non-turbulent interface (TNTI), although the TNTI seems to extend into the TC. The average distance between the TC and the VSL, i.e. the BR thickness is about 10 Kolmogorov length scales or half a Taylor length scale, indicating that intense turbulent flow regions and viscosity-dominated regions are in close proximity.
Employing graduates: Selection criteria and practice in New Zealand
Authors: Edgar Fiona , Cathro Virginia , Harrison Sean , Hoek Janneke , McKenzie Katherine , Malcolm Ngaire , Polson Sarah , Porteous Matthew , Robertson Samantha , Shewan Philippa , Smart Jessica , Tyler-Baxter Seamus 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEntry into graduate programmes is highly competitive. Although careers advisors working within higher education do their best to prepare students for engagement with these programmes; anecdotal reports suggest many graduates remain unsure what it is these employers are seeking, and how it is assessed. Our study examines both selection criteria profiles and practices, drawing comprehensive data from 20 New Zealand firms and finds that regardless of a firm's characteristics, most seek a very similar graduate profile, with the concepts of candidate ‘well roundedness’ and ‘fit’ considered most vital. Selection practices employed are tightly connected to this graduate profile. These findings shed some much needed light for graduates on what is, but also what is not, highly sought after by employers in the recruitment and selection process. They should also be of benefit to universities by assisting them to better prepare their graduates for successful transition into the employment market.