bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of mechanosensitive genes during embryonic aortic arch development
Authors: Siddiqui Hummaira Banu , Golcez Tansu , Çelik Merve , Sevgin Börteçine , Çoban Mervenur , Süder İlke , Kaya Özen , Özören Nesrin , Pekkan Kerem 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly embryonic aortic arches (AA) are a dynamic vascular structures that are in the process of shaping into the great arteries of cardiovascular system. Previously, a time‐lapsed mechanosensitive gene expression map was established for AA subject to altered mechanical loads in the avian embryo. To validate this map, we investigated effects on vascular microstructure and material properties following the perturbation of key genes using an in‐house microvascular gene knockdown system.ResultsAll siRNA vectors show a decrease in the expression intensity of desired genes with no significant differences between vectors. In TGFβ3 knockdowns, we found a reduction in expression intensities of TGFβ3 (≤76%) and its downstream targets such as ELN (≤99.6%), Fbn1 (≤60%), COL1 (≤52%) and COL3 (≤86%) and an increase of diameter in the left AA (23%). MMP2 knockdown also reduced expression levels in MMP2 (≤30%) and a 6‐fold increase in its downstream target COL3 with a decrease in stiffness of the AA wall and an increase in the diameter of the AA (55%). These in vivo measurements were confirmed using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and a computational growth model of the vascular extracellular matrix (ECM).ConclusionsLocalized spatial genetic modification of the aortic arch region governs the vascular phenotype and ECM composition of the embryo and can be integrated with mechanically‐induced congenital heart disease models.
Fabrication of self‐supported catalysts via electrodeposition for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis: Emphasizing on the porous transport layers
Authors: Jang Jin Uk , Gaur Ashish , Mhin Sungwook , Han HyukSu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe potential of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is enormous in tackling worldwide environmental and energy issues in the face of increasing risks associated with climate change and energy scarcity. Nevertheless, the economic competitiveness of hydrogen production is hindered by the challenging operating conditions in acidic environments, resulting in a lower unit cost compared to alternative energy sources. Hence, numerous global research endeavors persist in enhancing the efficiency of essential components in PEMWE systems, specifically the porous transport layer (PTL). Additionally, investigating the interface between catalyst layer (CL) and PTL, which is directly associated with system performance, is imperative for future sustainability and cost reduction. This review focuses on the analysis of fabrication techniques, materials, and structural configurations to enhance the performance of PTLs. Additionally, we suggest the use of self‐supported catalysts as potential solutions to enhance mass and charge transfer at the interface between CLs and PTLs, hence facilitating the production of hydrogen on a wide scale. In the last section we provide an overview of the future trajectory and potential of next‐generation PEMWE in the context of efficient hydrogen production.
The role of target‐specific shared reality in interpersonal interactions and protective health behaviours
Authors: Rossignac‐Milon Maya , Schmalbach Bjarne , Keller Victor N. , Cornwell James F. M. , Higgins E. Tory , Echterhoff Gerald 
Published: August 2024

AbstractShared reality—the experience of sharing common inner states (e.g. feelings, beliefs) with other people about a given topic or target—is a ubiquitous human experience. With research on the construct of shared reality burgeoning in various domains, we examined a fundamental, yet understudied topic: the role of experiencing shared reality about a target in real‐time conversations and real‐world contexts. Across five studies conducted in various contexts (total N = 973), we developed a measure of target‐specific shared reality (SR‐T) and examined its role in interpersonal interactions and protective health behaviours. In our initial Studies (1a‐2), we developed a measure of SR‐T and establish psychometric, construct and criterion validity. In Study 3, we established predictive validity by investigating the link between SR‐T and important interpersonal interaction constructs (e.g. interpersonal rapport and epistemic trust in the partner). In Study 4 (preregistered), SR‐T moderated the effect of close others’ attitudes on vaccination and precautionary behaviours against COVID‐19 during the Omicron‐variant peak (2022). Our findings suggest that the experience of SR‐T, assessed with a valid measure, is linked to important dimensions of interpersonal interactions and health decisions in the real world.
Prediction of crude oil physical properties based on molecular compositional modeling approach
Authors: Sihang Chen , Qifu Li , Feng Yan , Bo Xu , Linlin Mo , Lianfeng Huo , Yubin Wang , Luxin Jiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, the Structural Units‐Bonding Matrix will be introduced into the crude oil characteristics analysis, specifically engineered to depict the molecular intricacies of petroleum substances. This methodology synergizes the bonding matrix with structural units, assigning the bonding matrix to the foundational layer, while the structural units adorn the surface layer. Through meticulous analysis of crude oil data, this study identified the core and branched molecular constituents of crude oil, facilitating the digital articulation of these molecules. Leveraging this foundational work, this study developed composition models for five quintessential types of crude oil, enabling the precise prognostication of their macroscopic physical properties. Further, by evaluating the viscosity‐temperature characteristics of these selected crude oils, this study established a predictive model for the viscosity–temperature relationship of crude oils, grounded in the quantitative structure–property relationship method. This approach not only augments this study understanding of crude oil molecular composition but also enhances the predictive accuracy of their physical properties, heralding a significant advancement in the field of petroleum molecular science.
Sensitivity analysis of parameters on carbon dioxide desorption processes from aqueous monoethanolamine solution
Authors: Zanone Armando , de Paiva José Luis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) capture technologies are crucial for mitigating climate change, with post‐combustion capture (PCC) using chemical absorption being a leading method. However, the energy‐intensive solvent regeneration process presents a significant challenge, consuming up to 50% of the total energy in carbon sequestration. Despite extensive research on absorption, desorption studies remain limited. This study focuses on the desorption analysis through experimental runs in a pilot‐scale tray column with varying flow rates, validating an Aspen Plus model. The research compares the impact of the number of stages, feed stage position, column pressure, and reflux ratio between equilibrium and rate‐based models. The findings reveal enhanced desorption efficiency through optimized operational conditions, including reduced flow rates, additional equilibrium stages, feeding stage positioning closer to the condenser, elevated pressures, and lower reflux ratios. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Camera‐based near‐infrared autofluorescence versus visual identification in total thyroidectomy for parathyroid function preservation: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Canali Luca , Russell Marika D. , Sistovaris Anthea , Abdelhamid Ahmed Amr H. , Otremba Michael , Tierney Hien T. , Triponez Frédéric , Benmiloud Fares , Spriano Giuseppe , Mercante Giuseppe , Randolph Gregory W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundHypocalcemia is the most common postoperative complication of total thyroidectomy. Near‐infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) technology is a surgical adjunct that has been increasingly utilized with the aim of preventing postoperative hypocalcemia, but its clinical benefits have not yet been firmly established. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical benefit of utilizing NIRAF technology in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.ResultsSeven randomized clinical trials with 1437 patients (318 males, 22.13%) undergoing total thyroidectomy were included for analysis. Risk of postoperative hypocalcemia was reduced in the NIRAF arm (RR, 0.65; 95%CI, 0.50–0.84). Use of NIRAF was also associated with a reduction in the risk of permanent parathyroid dysfunction (RR, 0.46; 95%CI, 0.22–0.95) and inadvertent parathyroid gland resection (RR, 0.40; 95%CI, 0.26–0.60).ConclusionsWe present a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials examining the impact of NIRAF technology on preservation of parathyroid function. Our results suggest that use of camera‐based NIRAF technology reduces the risk of postoperative hypocalcemia, permanent parathyroid dysfunction, and inadvertent parathyroid gland resection.
The association between skeletal muscle mass and sensorineural hearing loss upon cisplatin‐based chemoradiotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Schaeffers Anouk W. M. A. , Burger Anouk V. M. , Duinkerken Charlotte W. , van Sluis Klaske E. , de Boer Jan Paul , van der Molen Lisette , Hoetink Alex E. , Al‐Mamgani Abrahim , Jóźwiak Katarzyna , Devriese Lot A. , de Bree Remco , Zuur Charlotte L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with cisplatin‐based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) frequently experience irreversible sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Patients with low lumbar skeletal muscle index (LSMI) may experience higher serum peak dosages of cisplatin. This study investigated whether pre‐treatment low LSMI is associated with increased SNHL upon cisplatin‐based CRT.Materials and methodsLSMI was assessed using routine pre‐treatment CT scans. Pure tone audiometry was performed at baseline and at follow‐up to assess treatment‐related SNHL. Linear mixed models were used to reveal a potential association between the continuous variable LSMI and SNHL.ResultsThis retrospective cohort study included 81 patients and found a significant association between low LSMI and increased treatment‐related SNHL at pure tone frequencies vital for the perception of speech (averaged of 1, 2, and 4 kHz) (p = 0.048).ConclusionsHNSCC patients with low LSMI suffer increased treatment‐related SNHL upon cisplatin‐based CRT.
Texture‐based speciation of otitis media‐related bacterial biofilms from optical coherence tomography images using supervised classification
Authors: Zaki Farzana R. , Monroy Guillermo L. , Shi Jindou , Sudhir Kavya , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOtitis media (OM), a highly prevalent inflammatory middle‐ear disease in children worldwide, is commonly caused by an infection, and can lead to antibiotic‐resistant bacterial biofilms in recurrent/chronic OM cases. A biofilm related to OM typically contains one or multiple bacterial species. OCT has been used clinically to visualize the presence of bacterial biofilms in the middle ear. This study used OCT to compare microstructural image texture features from bacterial biofilms. The proposed method applied supervised machine‐learning‐based frameworks (SVM, random forest, and XGBoost) to classify multiple species bacterial biofilms from in vitro cultures and clinically‐obtained in vivo images from human subjects. Our findings show that optimized SVM‐RBF and XGBoost classifiers achieved more than 95% of AUC, detecting each biofilm class. These results demonstrate the potential for differentiating OM‐causing bacterial biofilms through texture analysis of OCT images and a machine‐learning framework, offering valuable insights for real‐time in vivo characterization of ear infections.
The novel thromboxane prostanoid receptor mediates CTGF production to drive human nasal fibroblast self‐migration through NF‐κB and PKCδ‐CREB signaling pathways
Authors: Chang Shih‐Lun , Tsai Yih‐Jeng , Shieh Jiunn‐Min , Wu Wen‐Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) is characterized by tissue repair/remodeling and the subepithelial stroma region in whose nasal mucosa has been reported by us to have thromboxane A2 (TXA2) prostanoid (TP) receptor and overexpress connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between TP receptor activation and CTGF production/function in human CRSsNP nasal mucosa stromal fibroblasts. We found that TP agonists including U46619 and IBOP ([1S‐[1α,2α(Z),3β(1E,3 S*),4α]]‐7‐[3‐[3‐hydroxy‐4‐(4‐iodophenoxy)‐1‐butenyl]‐7‐oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐2‐yl]‐5‐heptenoic acid) could promote CTGF protein/messenger RNA expression and secretion. The pharmacological intervention and TP activation assay with U46619 identified the possible participation of PKCμ, PKCδ, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), and cyclic AMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation/activation in the CTGF induction. Moreover, a phorbol ester—phorbol‐12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) exhibited a similar cellular signaling and CTGF production profile to that elicited by TP activation. However, further small interfering RNA interference analysis revealed that only NF‐κB and PKCδ‐CREB pathways were necessarily required for TP‐mediated CTGF production, which could not be completely supported by those findings from PMA. Finally, in a functional assay, although CTGF did not affect fibroblast proliferation, TP‐mediated CTGF could drive novel self‐migration in fibroblasts both in the scratch/wound healing and transwell apparatus assays. Meanwhile, the overall staining for stress fibers and formation of the lamellipodia and filopodia‐like structures was concomitantly increased in the treated migrating cells. Collectively, we provided here that novel TP mediates CTGF production and self‐migration in human nasal fibroblasts through NF‐κB and PKCδ‐CREB signaling pathways. More importantly, we also demonstrated that thromboxane, TP receptor, CTGF, and stromal fibroblasts may act in concert in the tissue remodeling/repair process during CRSsNP development and progression.
Fragility analysis and systematic review of patellar resurfacing versus non‐patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Polisetty Teja , Hohmann Alexandra L. , DiDomenico Eric , Lonner Jess H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionFragility analysis is a method of further characterising the robustness of statistical outcomes. This study evaluates the statistical fragility of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing patellar resurfacing versus non‐patellar surfacing in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsPubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for RCTs comparing outcomes in TKA based on patellar resurfacing. Fragility index (FI) and reverse FI (collectively, “FI”) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes as the number of outcome reversals needed to change statistical significance. Fragility quotient (FQ) was calculated by dividing the FI by the sample size for that outcome. Median FI and FQ were calculated for each individual outcome and for the overall study. Subanalyses were performed to assess FI and FQ based on outcome type, statistical significance and loss to follow‐up.ResultsTwenty‐one RCTs were included in the analysis, capturing 3910 subjects. The overall median FI was 5.0 (interquartile range, [IQR] 4.0−6.0), and the overall median FQ was 0.048 (IQR 0.022−0.065). The outcome of anterior knee pain has a median FI of 6.0 (IQR 4.0−6.0) and a median FQ of 0.057 (IQR 0.025−0.065). Only five (7%) outcomes were significant. The loss to follow‐up was greater than the FI in 12 of 19 studies (63%) with available data.ConclusionRCTs comparing patellar resurfacing in TKAs show significant statistical fragility; a few outcome reversals can alter findings. The majority of outcomes were nonsignificant, indicating that the choice to resurface the patella may not affect most clinical outcomes; however, clinical conclusions are limited by the statistical fragility of the analysed outcomes. Larger RCTs for this comparison are necessary, and we suggest adding FI and FQ to RCT reports with p values to improve the interpretability of results.Level of EvidenceLevel II.
Regional quality analysis of the hydrological environment with an improved random forest model based on the chimpanzee algorithm
Authors: Li Xuesong , Zhang Liangliang , Chen Xian , Yang Yifan , Mao Xiaoyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh‐precision evaluations of water environment quality are highly important for improving the accuracy of early warning systems of regional water pollution risk and improving the regional water environment. This paper employs the chimp optimization algorithm (ChOA) to enhance the traditional random forest model, resulting in the chimp optimization algorithm‐random forest (ChOA‐RF) water quality assessment model for evaluating the Jiansanjiang area in Heilongjiang Province, China. The results show that the overall water environment in Jiansanjiang has the following characteristics: “The water quality of farms in the northwest is poor, and the quality of groundwater is better than that of surface water.” Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in surface water and ammonium nitrogen (NH3‐N), ferrum (Fe), and manganese (Mn) in groundwater are the main pollutants. The TP and TN in surface water and the NH3‐N in groundwater exceeded the relevant standards, likely due to the excessive application of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers. Additionally, Fe and Mn are harmful native substances. According to these findings, targeted improvement strategies, such as reducing nitrogen fertilizer application, plugging well, and increasing the surface water utilization rate, are proposed. Moreover, the ChOA‐RF model is compared with the traditional empirical value model and the particle swarm optimization‐random forest (PSO‐RF) model. The results show that the ChOA‐RF model can effectively reduce the root mean square error and mean absolute percentage error and improve the coefficient of determination. The running time and convergence ability are also better than those of the PSO‐RF model, which is a more accurate and efficient machine learning model. The model can be used not only for high‐precision evaluation of regional water environment quality but also for other machine learning fields.
Association of fucosyltransferase 2 gene polymorphism with the susceptibility to norovirus infection in Han Chinese population
Authors: Liu Shun , Chen Hanyu , Wen Zihan , Ouyang Yaoling , Mei Bing , Li Chengbin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) gene, which regulates the formation of Histoblood group antigens, could determine the human susceptibility to norovirus. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between FUT2 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to norovirus gastroenteritis in Han Chinese population. A total of 212 children patients with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled. The stool and serum samples were collected respectively. We used the qPCR method to detect the norovirus infection status from the stool samples, and we used serum samples to detect the FUT2 polymorphism. A case‐control study was conducted to investigate the three common SNPs polymorphisms (rs281377, rs1047781, and rs601338) of FUT2 gene with sanger sequencing method. The results indicated that the homozygous genotypes and mutant allele of rs1047781 (A385T) would downgrade the risk of norovirus gastroenteritis in Chinese Han population (AA vs. TT, odds ratio [OR] = 0.098, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.026−0.370, p = 0.001; AA + AT vs. TT, OR = 0.118. 95% CI = 0.033−0.424, p = 0.001; A vs. T, OR = 0.528, 95% CI = 0.351−0.974, p = 0.002). There were no significant difference of rs281377 (C357T) and rs601338 (G428A) polymorphisms between norovirus positive and norovirus negative groups (p > 0.05). The haplotype T‐T‐G was less susceptible (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.31−0.79, p = 0.0034) to norovirus infection compared to other haplotypes. Our results investigated the relationship between the FUT2 gene polymorphisms and norovirus susceptibility in Han Chinese population, and firstly revealed that children with homozygous genotypes and mutant alleles of FUT2 rs1047781 (A385T) were less susceptible to norovirus gastroenteritis.
Ultrasonic Estimation of Fetal Weight: Are Averaged Triplicate Measurements More Accurate Than Single Measurements?
Authors: Sheiman Vadim , Frenkel Aviv , Glick Noa , Tovbin Josef , Neeman Ortal , Barzilay Eran 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo assess whether, and to what extent, performing triplicate measurements can improve accuracy of estimation of fetal weight (EFW) compared to single measurements.MethodsThis was a prospective study conducted at a single medical center. A total of 100 term parturients with an anticipated delivery within 72 hours were recruited for EFW measurements. All examinations were done with adherence to the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) guidelines. EFW was calculated using the Hadlock formula. Triplicate measurements from three different images were obtained for each parameter and the averaged values were used for clinical purposes. EFW calculated using average measurements was compared to EFW calculated using the first measurements.ResultsThere was a small but significant improvement in EFW when using averaged measurements compared to single measurements (mean improvement 34 ± 105 g, P = .002). Deviance from birthweight in single measurements was significantly higher compared to averaged measurements (median deviance 198 versus 148 g, respectively, P = .005). This difference was more pronounced when assessing the 75th centile (348 versus 282 g, respectively).ConclusionsUsing triplicate measurements instead of single measurements when performing EFW confers a small, but statistically significant, improvement to EFW accuracy. Using triplicate measurements for assessing EFW should be thus considered, especially in cases suspected of growth disorders.
Net Optical Gain from PbS Quantum Dot‐Doped Glasses under Continuous‐Wave Pumping
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Li Kai , Zhao Zhipeng , Chen Hao , Wei Jiahui , Zhang Wenchao , Cao Shiyi , Chang Zhiwu , Xiao Xinhua , Deng Zhao , Liu Chao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLead chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) have been considered promising gain media in the near‐infrared region. Precipitation of lead chalcogenide QDs into glasses can significantly improve their stabilities and processabilities using mature fiber‐optic technologies and has great potential for application as a broad‐band optical amplification in optical telecommunication. However, the net optical gain of lead chalcogenide QD‐doped glasses has not been realized upon continuous‐wave (CW) pumping, hindering their application as fiber‐optic amplifiers. Here, the study reports a heterostructured PbS/NaCl QD‐doped glass and realizes a net optical gain in the near‐infrared region upon CW pumping. The photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of these QD‐doped glasses are boosted to 43–75% with significantly improved photo/thermal stabilities, and the gain threshold is reduced to ∼single exciton level due to the passivation and charge doping of the PbS QDs by the NaCl wrapping. As a result, net optical gain in the conventional band of telecommunication is realized from the 1 mm thick PbS QD‐doped glasses under CW pumping.