bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Perioperative Outcomes between the Supraclavicular Artery Island Flap and Fasciocutaneous Free Flap
Authors: Kozin Elliott D. , Sethi Rosh K. , Herr Marc , Shrime Mark G. , Rocco James W. , Lin Derrick , Deschler Daniel G. , Emerick Kevin S. 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveOutcomes of the supraclavicular artery island flap (SCAIF) have not been extensively studied in comparison with free tissue transfer (FTT) flaps for head and neck reconstruction. We hypothesize that the pedicled SCAIF has decreased operating room time, length of stay, time to wound healing of recipient site, complications, and hospital charges as compared with FTT.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care teaching hospital.Subjects and MethodsMedical records were reviewed for patients who underwent SCAIF (n = 45) or FTT (n = 28) reconstruction between 2011 and 2013.ResultsTotal operating room time was significantly lower for the SCAIF group vs the FTT group (6.7 vs 8.1 hours, P =. 002). Procedural time was 5.7 hours for the SCAIF group, as compared with 7.2 hours for FTT group (P =. 0015). Mean area for SCAIF donor site was 63.89 cm2 vs 81.8 cm2 for the radial forearm free flap group (P =. 015). There was no significant difference in mean length of stay between SCAIF (8.8 days) and FTT (11 days, P =. 12). Mean length of time to wound healing of the recipient site was similar in the SCAIF group vs the FTT group (17.3 vs 22.1 days, P =. 071). Ratio of total hospital charges for SCAIF were 32% lower than that of FTT (P =. 0001).ConclusionThis is among the first studies to compare SCAIF with FTT in a large cohort analysis. We find decreased operating room times for SCAIF vs FTT, with similar length of stay and wound healing. Other outcomes between SCAIF and FTT were also comparable.
An exploration of the meaning of occupation to people who seek asylum in the United Kingdom
Authors: Smith Helen Claire 
Published: October 2015

Introduction Seeking asylum creates circumstances that impact significantly on occupational opportunities, leading to negative outcomes for individuals, families and the host community. Understanding the specific meaning of occupation during this major life transition provides valuable insights regarding occupation cross-culturally, during transition or under socio-legal restrictions. Method This study employed a phenomenological approach, using a series of in-depth interviews to illuminate the role of occupation in the everyday lives of 10 participants. Findings All participants spoke of the challenges of the asylum process, and the powerful drive to keep busy. They each identified the special role of occupations done for the benefit of others – family, network or community – linking these with cultural ideals and their own desired outcomes of value and purpose. Conclusion Occupation has enormous potential for enhancing post-migratory experiences, but the choice of occupation is also important. People strive to move beyond simply ‘keeping busy’ to find occupations of real meaning that foster connections and purpose, and in particular feed their need to feel valued. Occupations undertaken for the benefit of others connect with culturally appropriate collectivist ideals, and seem to do more to promote ‘doing, being, belonging’ and ‘becoming’.
A model for computer-aided creative design based on cognition and iteration
Authors: Yang Kun , Li Yan , Xiong Yan , Yan Jing-yuan , Na Hui-zhen 
Published: October 2015

Conceptual design is the most creative and important stage in product design process. A computer-aided creative design (CACD) system is indispensable to provide effective support for human-oriented creative behavior and iterative decision-making during the conceptual design process. Based on cognition and iteration, this study proposes a triplhelix innovative solving model to guide the construction of CACD system. In this model, three types of space are established, including design flow space as reference for mapping direction, knowledge inspiration space as source of stimulus information, and solution operating space as carrier. The cooperation among the triple space is organized based on memory information processing theory, so as to inspire designers’ cognitive thinking to generate product solutions. In addition, the iterative operations of design elements among function, behavior, and structure utilizing the proposed triple space are discussed. With this model, the designers can develop multiple innovative solutions according to expected design types (variant, adaptive, original), and different cognitive stimulation (extension, analogy, mutation) of design knowledge can also be obtained. Then, a prototype system of computer-aided creative design platform is developed to implement this innovative solving model. Finally, a design case of espresso machine is presented to demonstrate the practicability and validity of the prototype system.
Utility of TWEAK to assess neuropsychiatric disease activity in systemic lupus erhytematosus
Authors: Fragoso-Loyo H , Atisha-Fregoso Y , Nuñez-Alvarez C A , Llorente L 
Published: October 2015

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a biomarker in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Methods Thirty three NPSLE patients were evaluated at hospitalization and six months later. As controls, five SLE patients with septic meningitis, 51 hospitalized SLE patients without a history of neuropsychiatric (NP) manifestations and without infections, 16 SLE patients without NP manifestations (surgical-SLE), four patients with primary neuropsychiatric disorders, and 25 patients with non-autoimmune diseases were also studied. Serum and CSF samples were drawn at hospitalization, except non-NPSLE patients, in whom only serum was studied, and six months later in 19 NPSLE and 27 non-NPSLE patients. Serum and CSF TWEAK levels were measured by ELISA; values are expressed in pg/mL. Results The mean ± SD age of NPSLE patients was 31 ± 13.1 years, which was similar across study groups ( p = 0.54). TWEAK levels in serum were not different across the study groups. In CSF, TWEAK levels were higher in NPSLE, surgical-SLE and primary neuropsychiatric groups than in non-autoimmune patients: median (IQR) 159.2 (94.1–374.9), 172.3 (125.3–421.9), 371.3 (143–543) vs 122.1 (76.1–212.4), respectively; all p < 0.05. Six months later, when the neuropsychiatric manifestations were clinically in remission, serum or CSF TWEAK did not vary from baseline in NPSLE patients. Conclusions TWEAK levels are slightly elevated in CSF in SLE patients compared with non-autoimmune controls, irrespective of the presence of NP manifestations. TWEAK levels in serum and CSF do not seem to be a useful biomarker of CNS involvement in SLE.
Efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban vs warfarin in high-risk patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: Rationale and design of the Trial on Rivaroxaban in AntiPhospholipid Syndrome (TRAPS) trial
Authors: Pengo V , Banzato A , Bison E , Zoppellaro G , Padayattil Jose S , Denas G 
Published: October 2015

Background New oral anticoagulants may simplify long-term therapy in conditions requiring anticoagulation. Rivaroxaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor that has been extensively studied and is now approved for the prevention and therapy of a number of thromboembolic conditions. Objective and methods This is a multicentre, randomized, open-label, study that will evaluate if Rivaroxaban 20 mg od (or 15 mg od in patients with moderate renal insufficiency) is non-inferior to warfarin (INR target 2.5), for the prevention of thromboembolic events, major bleeding and death in high risk (triple positive) patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Secondary endpoints will assess the incidence of any individual component of the composite end point. An external adjudication committee will evaluate all suspected outcome events. This will be a unique trial, as it will enrol the biggest homogenous cohort of high risk APS individuals. Conclusion The methods and the study design should be appropriate to achieve study results that are both scientifically valid and relevant to clinical practice.
Evaluation of The Cervista HPV A9 group In Screening Patients for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhao Jinghui , Du Hui , Belinson Jerome L , Qu Xinfeng , Zhang Wei , Mei Jing , Yang Bin , Wang Chun , Zhang Lijie , Wu Ruifang 
Published: October 2015

Objective To exploit the prevalence of HPV genotypes 52/58 in a Chinese population, we evaluated algorithms that the use the Cervista Assay A9 group for primary cervical cancer screening. Methods The SHENCCAST II trial database was re-analyzed, focussing on the A9 pool of the Cervista HR-HPV Assay. Results for the detection CIN2+ and CIN3+ were correlated with a genotyping assay (MALDI-TOF) and cervical cytology to explore various screening algorithms. Results This analysis included 8,556 women with a mean age of 38.9. CIN 2+ rates were 2.7% (233/8556); CIN 3+ rates were 1.7% (141/8556). Overall HPV infection rates were 11.1% (950/8556) for Cervista, in which A5/A6, A7 and A9 groups were 26.5% (227/950), 22.9% (218/950) and 67.8% (644/950), respectively. The HPV A9 group is highly predictive of high-grade cervical lesions (CIN2+ OR = 103.61, CIN3+ OR = 128.059). Sensitivity and specificity for Cervista A9 group for CIN 2+ was 85.4% and 94.7%, and for CIN 3+ 89.4% and 93.8% respectively. Cervista A9 Assay followed by triage cytology for non-A9 positives has sensitivity and specificity for CIN2+ of 91.5% of 93.5%, and for CIN 3+ 94.3% and 92.6%. Conclusion Using the Cervista A9 as the primary screen instead of the full Cervista assay, the percentage referred to colposcopy would decrease from 11.1% to 8.8% and percentage requiring cytology would decrease from 11.1% to 3.6%. Sensitivity of detecting CIN 2+(91.5%), CIN3+(94.3%) would remain similar to the complete Cervista HR-HPV assay for CIN 2+(93.1%), CIN3+(95.0%).
Intellectual disability in Indigenous Australians: issues and challenges
Authors: Balaratnasingam Sivasankaran , Roy Meera 
Published: October 2015

Objectives: Literature on Indigenous Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people) and intellectual disability (ID) is summarized in order to identify current state of knowledge, gaps, and areas for further research. Methods: A selective review of psychiatric literature using relevant medical databases was undertaken. Key articles were identified and their findings described. Results: ID is reported to be more prevalent in Indigenous Australians. Sociocultural constructs and a lack of validated psychometric measures affect what is considered to be ID in Indigenous communities. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors impair brain development and contribute to ID in Indigenous communities. Comorbid physical and psychiatric disorders need to be assessed and managed. Conclusions: ID is an emerging area of health concern for general and mental health professionals working with Indigenous Australians. This important area requires further research, appropriate training, and resourcing.
Modeling and simulation of the electro-chemical behavior of chemically stimulated polyelectrolyte hydrogel layer composites
Authors: Sobczyk Martin , Wallmersperger Thomas 
Published: October 2015

Polyelectrolyte hydrogels are viscoelastic electroactive polymers which respond to external physical or chemical stimuli by a reversible volume phase transition. Novel fabrication methods allow the creation of hydrogel layer composites in which each layer shows a different sensitivity (e.g. to a different stimulus). This offers new opportunities, for example, in the design of new microsensors, microactuators and microfluidic devices as well as for high-selective membranes and target-specific drug delivery systems. Since only few research groups numerically investigated the transport mechanisms in hydrogel layer composites, a gap remains to describe the movement and transient distribution of ions inside the layer system. In this article, the multifield formulation is adopted to describe the transient distribution of ions in salt-sensitive hydrogel layer composites on the basis of a numerical simulation. For this, the Nernst-Planck and the Poisson equation are solved using one-dimensional finite elements for both anionic-anionic and anionic-cationic gel layer composites under chemical stimulation. Between adjacent gels, an additional interlayer is introduced to account for the physical and chemical bonding region between the gels. Adaptive mesh refinement provides a good resolution close to the interface between the adjacent gel layers. The obtained results are used to predict the osmotic pressure inside the gels and the dependent swelling of the gel layer composite. The excellent agreement of the obtained results with the Donnan equilibrium demonstrates the high potential of the method applied to predict the behavior of hydrogel layer composites.
The Last 10 Days of Patients With Glioblastoma
Authors: Thier Katrin , Calabek Bernadette , Tinchon Alexander , Grisold Wolfgang , Oberndorfer Stefan 
Published: October 2015

Background: High-grade gliomas are the most frequent primary brain tumors. Despite improvement in diagnostics and treatment, survival is still poor and quality-of-life issues are of major importance. Little is known regarding the clinical signs and symptoms of dying patients with glioblastoma. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate signs and symptoms as well as therapeutic strategies in patients with glioblastoma in the end-of-life phase in order to improve end-of-life care. Methods: In this prospective single-center study, clinical data were obtained using a standardized protocol. We descriptively analyzed signs, symptoms, and therapeutic strategies on a daily basis. Results: A total of 57 patients, who died due to glioblastoma in a hospital setting, were included. The most frequent signs and symptoms in the last 10 days before death were decrease in level of consciousness (95%), fever (88%), dysphagia (65%), seizures (65%), and headache (33%). Concerning medication, 95% received opioids. There was a high need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (77%) and anticonvulsants (75%). Steroids were given to 56%. Conclusion: Due to a decrease in level of consciousness and cognitive impairment, assessment of clinical signs and symptoms such as headache at the end of life is difficult. Based on the signs and symptoms in the last days before death in patients with glioblastoma, supportive drug treatment remains challenging. Our study emphasizes the importance of standardized guidelines for end-of-life care in patients with glioblastoma.
Association of mineralisations in the stifle joint of domestic cats with degenerative joint disease and cranial cruciate ligament pathology
Authors: Voss Katja , Karli Philemon , Montavon Pierre M , Geyer Hans 
Published: October 2015

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence, size, location and appearance of mineralisations in feline stifle joints, and to evaluate their relationship with osteoarthritis and cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) status. Methods Presence or absence, and size of mineralisations were determined from lateral stifle radiographs of 25 cats with CrCL rupture, and 44 cat cadavers without CrCL rupture. Mineralisations were classified as small, medium or large. Prevalence was compared between the clinically affected cats and the cadavers; the cadaver group was subdivided into an age-matched and an older group. Ten stifles with varying sizes of mineralisations were prepared as whole-knee specimens for histopathology. Location and appearance of the mineralisations, and degenerative changes in the cruciate ligaments, menisci, articular cartilage and joint capsule are described. Results Prevalence of articular mineralisations was 0.76 in stifles of cats with CrCL rupture (mean ± SD age 8.6 ± 4.5 years), 0.64 in stifles of age-matched cat cadavers and 0.74 in older cat cadavers (mean ± SD age 17.0 ± 2.4 years). Cats with CrCL rupture had a higher percentage of medium and large mineralisations than cats without CrCL rupture. Microscopically, small mineralisations were calcifications usually located in the cranial horn of the medial meniscus. Larger mineralisations were found to be ossifications, commonly located in the joint capsule and fat pad. Cats with larger mineralisations showed more signs of osteoarthritis, including degenerative changes in the CrCL. Conclusions and relevance Mineralisations in feline stifle joints were found to differ in size, appearance and location. Small mineralisations were usually confined to the medial meniscus, as described previously; larger mineralisations tended to be located in the tissues cranial to the menisci and seemed to be associated with osteoarthritis and CrCL pathology. Large mineralisations in feline stifles are ossifications in periarticular tissue and are associated with degenerative joint disease.
Analgesic efficacy of intraperitoneal administration of bupivacaine in cats
Authors: Benito Javier , Monteiro Beatriz , Lavoie Anne-Marie , Beauchamp Guy , Lascelles B Duncan X , Steagall Paulo V 
Published: October 2015

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of intraperitoneal (IP) bupivacaine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OVH). Methods Forty-five cats were included in a randomized, prospective, blinded study after owners’ written consent was obtained. The anesthetic protocol included acepromazine–buprenorphine–propofol–isoflurane. A ventral midline incision was made and cats (n = 15/group) were administered either IP saline 0.9% (negative and positive control groups; NG and PG, respectively) or IP bupivacaine (2 mg/kg; bupivacaine group; BG). Cats in the PG received meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg SC). An OVH was performed and postoperative pain was evaluated using a dynamic interactive visual analog scale (DIVAS), the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale (MCPS) and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNT) for up to 8 h after the end of surgery. Postoperative sedation was evaluated using DIVAS. Rescue analgesia was provided with buprenorphine and/or meloxicam. Repeated measures linear models and a Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test were used for statistical analysis ( P <0.05). Results There was a significant effect of treatment on the number of times rescue analgesia was administered ( P = 0.002) (PG, n = 2, 13%; NG, n = 12, 80%; BG, n = 4, 27%) with the number of rescues being higher in the NG group than in the PG ( P = 0.0004) and BG ( P = 0.02) groups. The DIVAS, MCPS and MNT were significantly different when compared with baseline values at different time points; however, data were not significantly different among groups. Conclusions and relevance Treatments PG and BG produced similar analgesia in terms of pain scores, number of times rescue analgesia was administered and MNT. Based on rescue analgesia, IP administration of bupivacaine provides analgesia in cats after OVH.
The multiple sclerosis-associated regulatory variant rs10877013 affects expression of CYP27B1 and VDR under inflammatory or vitamin D stimuli
Authors: Karaky Mohamad , Alcina Antonio , Fedetz María , Barrionuevo Cristina , Potenciano Victor , Delgado Concepción , Izquierdo Guillermo , Matesanz Fuencisla 
Published: October 2015

Background: Vitamin D deficit is considered an important risk factor for many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Objective: To investigate the influence of the multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated regulatory variant rs10877013 on the expression of genes involved in vitamin D activation ( CYP27B1), vitamin D receptor ( VDR), and vitamin D degradation ( CYP24A1) under inflammatory environment or vitamin D. Methods: We used lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma (LPS+IFNγ) activated monocytes from 119 individuals and vitamin D-stimulated lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs, n = 109) of 1000 genomes to quantify the mRNA expression of vitamin D genes by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: We found that CYP27B1 mRNA expression level was associated with the rs10877013 genotypes ( p = 5.0E-6) in LPS+IFNγ treated monocytes, but not in vitamin D-stimulated LCLs. Inversely, rs10877013 genotypes were associated with VDR expression in LCLs ( p = 6.0E-4) but not in monocytes. Finally, CYP24A1 was highly induced by the active form of vitamin D and its expression correlated with the expression of VDR in LCLs but neither the MS-associated variant in the region (rs2248359) nor any other variant located in 1 Mb around CYP24A1 was associated with its expression. Conclusions: The MS-associated variant rs10877013 is a genetic determinant that affects the functioning of the vitamin D system linking environmental and genetic factors.
No evidence for an effect on brain atrophy rate of atorvastatin add-on to interferon β1b therapy in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (the ARIANNA study)
Authors: Lanzillo Roberta , Quarantelli Mario , Pozzilli Carlo , Trojano Maria , Amato Maria Pia , Marrosu Maria G , Francia Ada , Florio Ciro , Orefice Giuseppe , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Bellantonio Paolo , Annunziata Pasquale , Grimaldi Luigi M , Comerci Marco , Brunetti Arturo , Bonavita Vincenzo , Alfano Bruno , Marini Stefano , Brescia Morra Vincenzo ,   the ARIANNA study group, Ardito Bonaventura , Bertolotto Antonio , Bianconi Claudio , Carolei Antonio , Carotenuto Antonio , Cocco Eleonora , Costantino Gianfranco , Maimone Daniele , Maniscalco Giorgia Teresa , Meola Giovanni , Motti Luisa , Patti Francesco , Provinciali Leandro , Protti Alessandra , Sacco Rosaria , Sinisi Leonardo , Schiavone Vittorio , Sosso Luisa , Stecchi Sergio , Vacca Giovanni , Vacchiano Veria , Zorzon Marino 
Published: October 2015

Background: A previous phase 2 trial has suggested that statins might delay brain atrophy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin add-on therapy on cerebral atrophy in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Methods: This randomised, placebo-controlled study compared atorvastatin 40 mg or placebo add-on therapy to interferon β1b for 24 months. Brain magnetic resonance imaging, multiple sclerosis functional composite score, Rao neuropsychological battery and expanded disability status scale were evaluated over 24 months. Results: A total of 154 patients were randomly assigned, 75 in the atorvastatin and 79 in the placebo arms, with a comparable drop-out rate (overall 23.4%). Brain atrophy over 2 years was not different in the two arms (−0.38% and −0.32% for the atorvastatin and placebo groups, respectively). Relapse rate, expanded disability status scale, multiple sclerosis functional composite score or cognitive changes were not different in the two arms. Patients withdrawing from the study had a higher number of relapses in the previous 2 years ( P=0.04) and a greater probability of relapsing within 12 months. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the combination of atorvastatin and interferon β1b is not justified in early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis and adds to the body of evidence indicating an absence of significant radiological and clinical benefit of statins in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis.