bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet-based vestibular rehabilitation for adults aged 50 years and over: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Geraghty Adam W A , Kirby Sarah , Essery Rosie , Little Paul , Bronstein Adolfo , Turner David , Stuart Beth , Andersson Gerhard , Carlbring Per , Yardley Lucy 
Published: July 2014

IntroductionDizziness is highly prevalent in older adults and can lead to falls, fear of falling, loss of confidence, anxiety and depression. Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) exercises are effective in reducing dizziness due to vestibular dysfunction, but access to trained therapists is limited. Providing dizzy patients with booklets teaching them how to carry out VR exercises has been shown to be a cost-effective way of managing dizziness in primary care. Internet-based intervention delivery has many advantages over paper-based methods, including the provision of video instructions, automated tailoring and symptom-related feedback. This trial will examine whether an internet-based VR intervention is (1) effective in reducing dizziness and (2) a cost-effective primary care treatment option.Methods/analysisThis will be a single blind, randomised controlled trial carried out in UK primary care. A stand-alone internet-based VR intervention will be compared with routine care in 262 dizzy patients aged 50 years and over. Measures will be taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Our primary outcome measure will be the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing dizziness symptoms compared with routine care at 6 months. Cost-effectiveness will be examined along with the effect of the intervention on dizziness-related disability and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Psychological process variables including expectancy, self-efficacy and acceptance will be explored in relation to adherence and symptom reduction.Ethics/disseminationThis trial has undergone ethical scrutiny and been approved by an NHS Research Ethics Committee, Southampton A REC Reference: 13/SC/0119. The findings of this trial will be disseminated to the scientific community through presentations at national and international conferences, and by publishing in peer review journals. Findings will be disseminated to the public through targeted press releases. This trial will provide valuable information on the role of internet interventions in facilitating self-management in older adults.Trial registration numberISRCTN: 86912968.
Comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous dimenhydrinate and intravenous piracetam in patients with vertigo: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Doğan Nurettin Özgür , Avcu Nazire , Yaka Elif , Yılmaz Serkan , Pekdemir Murat 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundThe present study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of dimenhydrinate and piracetam in patients with vertigo.MethodsA blinded, parallel group, superiority, randomised clinical trial was carried out on patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) with vertigo. Healthy adult patients presenting to the ED with undifferentiated vertigo were included in the study. The efficacy of intravenous dimenhydrinate (100 mg) and intravenous piracetam (2000 mg) for reducing the intensity of vertigo was compared in two randomised treatment groups using a 10-point numeric rating scale (NRS). The determination of NRS scores was performed at presentation and at the 30th minute of presentation, after the study drug was implemented, both in immobile and ambulatory positions. The primary outcome variable was reduction in vertigo intensity documented on the NRS at the 30th minute after medication administration, analysed by intention to treat.ResultsA total of 94 patients were included in the randomisation (n=47 in both groups). The baseline NRS scores were 7.55±2.00 in the dimenhydrinate group and 8.19±1.79 in the piracetam group. The changes from baseline for dimenhydrinate and piracetam were 2.92±3.11 and 3.75±3.40 (difference −0.83 (95% CI −2.23 to 0.57)) in the immobile position and were 2.04±3.07 and 2.72±2.91 (difference −0.68 (95% CI −2.03 to 0.67)) in the ambulatory position. Rescue medication need was similar in both treatment groups (p=0.330), and only one adverse reaction was reported.ConclusionsWe found no evidence of a difference between dimenhydrinate and piracetam in relieving the symptoms of vertigo.Trial registration numberClinical Trials Registration ID:NCT01890538
p-mTOR expression is associated with better prognosis in luminal breast carcinoma
Authors: Beca Francisco , Andre Rosario , Martins Duarte Saraiva , Bilhim Tiago , Martins Diana , Schmitt Fernando 
Published: July 2014

AimsDespite considerable interest in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast carcinomas (BC), published data reports contradictory results regarding the association of phosphorylated mammalian target of Rapamycin (p-mTOR) expression with clinico-pathological features and prognosis in BC. Here, we evaluate the main clinico-pathological associations with p-mTOR expression in BC, with focus on the different molecular subtypes.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 331 BC patients were included in final analysis. Outcome measures included disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) times. Baseline data and outcome measures were compared between immunohistochemical p-mTOR expressing and non-expressing BCs. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess the effect of p-mTOR expression in the outcome for each BC molecular subtype.Results43.8% of the tumours were positive for p-mTOR, with a significant correlation between p-mTOR expression with smaller (<2 cm) (p=0.021) and lower-grade tumours (p<0.001). Expression of p-mTOR was also associated with longer DFS (HR of 0.32, p<0.001) and OS (HR of 0.20, p<0.001). In a multivariable analysis, the HR remained significant with minimal change (HR=0.26, p=0.002 for OS; HR=0.40, p=0.002 for DFS). In subgroup analysis, luminal p-mTOR-expressing tumours demonstrated longer DFS and OS (HR 0.33, p=0.003; HR 0.20, p=0.003, respectively) independently of size, grade, lymph node status and Her-2 overexpression.Conclusionsp-mTOR expression is associated with smaller, lower-grade and with luminal BC. In multivariable analysis, p-mTOR expression was associated with longer DFS and OS, independently of the size, grade and lymph node status, especially in luminal BCs.
What is the cost of a healthy diet? Using diet data from the UK Women's Cohort Study
Authors: Morris Michelle A , Hulme Claire , Clarke Graham P , Edwards Kimberley L , Cade Janet E 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundA healthy diet is important to promote health and well-being while preventing chronic disease. However, the monetary cost of consuming such a diet can be a perceived barrier. This study will investigate the cost of consuming a range of dietary patterns.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis, where cost of diet was assigned to dietary intakes recorded using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. A mean daily diet cost was calculated for seven data-driven dietary patterns. These dietary patterns were given a healthiness score according to how well they comply with the UK Department of Health's Eatwell Plate guidelines. This study involved ∼35 000 women recruited in the 1990s into the UK Women's Cohort Study.ResultsA significant positive association was observed between diet cost and healthiness of the diet (p for trend >0.001). The healthiest dietary pattern was double the price of the least healthy, £6.63/day and £3.29/day, respectively. Dietary diversity, described by the patterns, was also shown to be associated with increased cost. Those with higher education and a professional or managerial occupation were more likely to consume a healthier diet.ConclusionsA healthy diet is more expensive to the consumer than a less healthy one. In order to promote health through diet and reduce potential inequalities in health, it seems sensible that healthier food choices should be made more accessible to all.
Employment status and mental health among persons with and without a disability: evidence from an Australian cohort study
Authors: Milner A , LaMontagne A D , Aitken Z , Bentley R , Kavanagh A M 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundUnemployment and economic inactivity are associated with worse mental health in the general population, but there is limited understanding of whether these relationships are different for those persons with mental or physical disabilities. The aim of this study was to assess whether there were differences in mental health by labour force status among persons with and without disabilities.MethodOver eight annual waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, a total of 2379 people with disabilities and 11 417 people without disabilities were identified. Mental health using the Mental Component Summary (MCS) from the Short Form 36 was modelled as a function of labour force status using fixed-effects regression models to control for time invariant confounding. Differences between those with and without disabilities were assessed by including an interaction term in regression models.ResultsAfter finding evidence of effect modification, regression models were stratified by disability status. After adjustment, unemployment and economic inactivity were associated with a −1.85 (95% CI −2.96 to −0.73, p=0.001) and −2.66 (95% CI −3.46 to −1.86, p<0.001) reduction in scores of the MCS among those with a disability. For those without a disability, there were smaller declines associated with unemployment (−0.57, 95% CI −1.02 to −0.12, p=0.013) and economic inactivity (−0.34, 95% CI −0.64 to 0.05, p=0.022).ConclusionsThese results suggest a greater reduction in mental health for those persons with disabilities who were unemployed or economically inactive than those who were employed. This highlights the value of employment for people with disabilities.
Potential genetic predisposition for anthracycline-associated cardiomyopathy in families with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wasielewski Marijke , van Spaendonck-Zwarts Karin Y , Westerink Nico-Derk L , Jongbloed Jan D H , Postma Aleida , Gietema Jourik A , van Tintelen J Peter , van den Berg Maarten P 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveAnthracyclines are successfully used in cancer treatment, but their use is limited by their cardiotoxic side effects. Several risk factors for anthracycline-associated cardiomyopathy (AACM) are known, yet the occurrence of AACM in the absence of these known risk factors suggests that other factors must play a role. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a genetic predisposition for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) could be a potential risk factor for AACM.MethodsA hospital-based registry of 162 DCM families and two hospital-based registries of patients with cancer treated with systemic cancer therapy (n>6000) were reviewed focusing on AACM. Selected patients with AACM/DCM families with possible AACM (n=21) were analysed for mutations in cardiomyopathy-associated genes and presymptomatic cardiological evaluation of first-degree relatives was performed.ResultsWe identified five DCM families with AACM and one patient with AACM with a family member with a possible early sign of mild DCM. PathogenicMYH7mutations were identified in two of these six families. TheMYH7c.1633G>A (p.Asp545Asn) and c.2863G>A (p.Asp955Asn) mutations (one double mutant allele) were identified in a DCM family with AACM. TheMYH7c.4125T>A (p.Tyr1375X) mutation was identified in one patient with AACM.ConclusionsThis study further extends the hypothesis that a genetic predisposition to DCM could be a potential risk factor for AACM.
Longitudinal and Transverse Single File Diffusion in Quasi-1D Systems
Authors: Coste Christophe , Delfau Jean-Baptiste , Saint Jean Michel 
Published: July 2014

We review our recent results on Single File Diffusion (SFD) of a chain of particles that cannot cross each other, in a thermal bath, with long ranged interactions, and arbitrary damping. We exhibit new behaviors specifically associated to small systems and to small damping. The fluctuation dynamics is explained by the decomposition of the particles' motion in the normal modes of the chain. For longitudinal fluctuations, we emphasize the relevance of the soft mode linked to the translational invariance of the system to the long time SFD behavior. We show that close to the zigzag threshold, the transverse fluctuations also exhibit the SFD behavior, characterized by a mean square displacement that increases as the square root of time. This cannot be explained by the single file ordering, and the SFD behavior results from the strong correlation of the transverse displacements of neighbouring particles near the bifurcation. Extending our analytical modelization, we demonstrate the existence of this subdiffusive regime near the zigzag transition, in the thermodynamic limit. The zigzag transition is a supercritical pitchfork bifurcation, and we show that the transverse SFD behavior is closely linked to the vanishing of the frequency of the zigzag transverse mode at the bifurcation threshold. [Formula: see text] Special Issue Comments: This article presents mathematical results on the dynamics in files with longitudinal movements. This article is connected to the Special Issue articles about advanced statistical properties in single file dynamics,28 expanding files,63 and files with force and advanced formulations.29
Nonlinear Transport of the Wigner Crystal on Superfluid 4He in a Quasi-One-Dimensional Channel
Authors: Vasylenko Anna A. , Misko Vyacheslav R. 
Published: July 2014

We study transport properties of a Wigner crystal driven by an external force on the surface of superfluid 4 He , in the "quantum wire" regime, i.e. in the quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) case when a typical width of the channel is comparable to the inter-electron separation. Utilizing molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the electronic transport through the channels with different constrictions: (i) geometrical constrictions with varying shape and size, and (ii) a saddle-point potential with varying gate voltage. The average particle velocity has been calculated as a function of the driving force or gate voltage. We have revealed a significant difference in the dynamical behavior for long and short constrictions. In particular, we found that the oscillations of the average particle velocity in channels with short constrictions exhibit a clear correlation with the transitions between the states with different numbers of rows of particles in the constriction, while for channels with longer constrictions these oscillations are suppressed. The obtained results are in agreement with the recent experimental observations,1 and thus bring new important insights into the dynamics of electrons floating on the surface of superfluid 4 He in channels with constrictions. [Formula: see text] Special Issue Comments: This article presents results on the dynamics of electrons moving on the surface of liquid helium in narrow channels with constrictions, with a focus on the "quantum wire", i.e. single file, regime. This article is connected to the Special Issue articles about advanced statistical properties in single file dynamics39 and the experiments on liquid helium.40
Interacting Single-File System: Fractional Langevin Formulation Versus Diffusion-Noise Approach
Authors: Taloni Alessandro , Marchesoni Fabio 
Published: July 2014

We review the latest advances in the analytical modelling of single file diffusion. We focus first on the derivation of the fractional Langevin equation that describes the motion of a tagged file particle. We then propose an alternative derivation of the very same stochastic equation by starting from the diffusion-noise formalism for the time evolution of the file density. [Formula: see text] Special Issue Comments: This article presents mathematical formulations and results on the dynamics in files with applied potential, yet also general files. This article is connected to the Special Issue articles about the zig zag phenomenon,72 advanced statistical properties in single file dynamics,73 and expanding files.74
AGE Metabolites: A Biomarker Linked to Cancer Disparity?
Authors: Foster Dion , Spruill Laura , Walter Katherine R. , Nogueira Lourdes M. , Fedarovich Hleb , Turner Ryan Y. , Ahmed Mahtabuddin , Salley Judith D. , Ford Marvella E. , Findlay Victoria J. , Turner David P. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Socioeconomic and environmental influences are established factors promoting cancer disparity, but the contribution of biologic factors is not clear. We report a mechanistic link between carbohydrate-derived metabolites and cancer that may provide a biologic consequence of established factors of cancer disparity. Glycation is the nonenzymatic glycosylation of carbohydrates to macromolecules, which produces reactive metabolites called advanced glycation end products (AGE). A sedentary lifestyle and poor diet all promote disease and the AGE accumulation pool in our bodies and also increase cancer risk. We examined AGE metabolites in clinical specimens of African American and European American patients with prostate cancer and found a higher AGE concentration in these specimens among African American patients when compared with European American patients. Elevated AGE levels corresponded with expression of the receptor for AGE (RAGE or AGER). We show that AGE-mediated increases in cancer-associated processes are dependent upon RAGE. Aberrant AGE accumulation may represent a metabolic susceptibility difference that contributes to cancer disparity. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(10); 2186–91. ©2014 AACR.
Activation of Nrf2 Pathways Correlates with Resistance of NSCLC Cell Lines to CBP501In Vitro
Authors: Mine Naoki , Yamamoto Sayaka , Kufe Donald W. , Von Hoff Daniel D. , Kawabe Takumi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCBP501 is an anticancer drug candidate that was investigated in two randomized phase II clinical trials for patients with nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). CBP501 has been shown to have two mechanisms of action, namely calmodulin modulation and G2 checkpoint abrogation. Here, we searched for a biomarker to predict sensitivity to CBP501. Twenty-eight NSCLC cell lines were classified into two subgroups, CBP501-sensitive and -insensitive, by quantitatively analyzing the cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (II) (CDDP)–enhancing activity of CBP501 through treatments with short-term (1 hour) coexposure to CDDP and CBP501 or to either alone. Microarray analysis was performed on these cell lines to identify gene expression patterns that correlated with CBP501 sensitivity. We found that multiple nuclear factor erythroid-2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) target genes showed high expression in CBP501-insensitive cell lines. Western blot and immunocytochemical analysis for Nrf2 in NSCLC cell lines also indicated higher protein level in CBP501-insensitive cell lines. Moreover, CBP501 sensitivity is modulated by silencing or sulforaphane-induced overexpression of Nrf2. These results indicate that Nrf2 transcription factor is a potential candidate as a biomarker for resistance to CBP501. This study might help to identify those subpopulations of patients who would respond well to the CBP501 and CDDP combination treatment of NSCLC. Mol Cancer Ther; 13(9); 2215–25. ©2014 AACR.
Differential Requirement for Src Family Tyrosine Kinases in the Initiation, Progression, and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gelman Irwin H. , Peresie Jennifer , Eng Kevin H. , Foster Barbara A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractProstate cancer (CaP) recurrence after androgen ablation therapy remains a significant cause of mortality in aging men. Malignant progression and metastasis are typically driven by genetic and epigenetic changes controlled by the androgen receptor (AR). However, evidence suggests that activated nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, including those of the Src family kinases (SFK), directly phosphorylate AR, thereby activating its transcriptional activity in the absence of serum androgen levels. To ascertain whether CaP progression and metastasis require SFK members, an autochthonous transgenic adenocarcinoma (AD) of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model was crossed into Src-, Lyn- or Fyn-null backgrounds. Primary-site CaP formation was dependent on Src, to a lesser extent, Lyn, but not Fyn. Only Src−/−;TRAMP prostate tumors were marked by reactive stroma. SFK deficiency did not affect progression to neuroendocrine (NE) disease, although there were fewer new cancer cases initiating after 34 weeks in the SFK−/−;TRAMP mice compared with TRAMP controls. Of note, 15% to 21% of older (&gt;33 weeks) Lyn- or Fyn-null TRAMP mice lacking primary-site tumors suffered from aggressive metastatic AD growths, compared with 3% of TRAMP mice. Taken with the data that TRAMP mice lacking Src or Lyn exhibited fewer macroscopic metastases compared with Fyn−/−;TRAMP and TRAMP controls, this suggests that SFK can either promote or suppress specific parameters of metastatic growth, possibly depending on cross-talk with primary tumors. These data identify critical, yet potentially opposing roles played by various SFKs in the initiation and metastatic potential of CaP using the TRAMP model.Implications: Genetically defined mouse models indicate a critical role for Src tyrosine kinase in CaP initiation and metastatic progression. Mol Cancer Res; 12(10); 1470–9. ©2014 AACR.
DRO1 Inactivation Drives Colorectal Carcinogenesis in ApcMin/+ Mice
Authors: Grill Jessica I. , Neumann Jens , Herbst Andreas , Hiltwein Felix , Ofner Andrea , Marschall Maximilian K. , Wolf Eckhard , Kirchner Thomas , Göke Burkhard , Schneider Marlon R. , Kolligs Frank T. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Colorectal cancer develops from adenomatous precursor lesions by a multistep process that involves several independent mutational events in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Inactivation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene is an early event and a prerequisite for the development of human colorectal adenoma. Previous in vitro studies identified DRO1 (CCDC80) to be a putative tumor suppressor gene that is negatively regulated in colorectal cancers and downregulated upon neoplastic transformation of epithelial cells. To investigate the in vivo role of DRO1 in colorectal carcinogenesis, a constitutive DRO1 knockout mouse model was generated. Disruption of DRO1 did not result in spontaneous intestinal tumor formation, consistent with the notion that DRO1 might have a role in suppressing the development of colon tumors in ApcMin/+ mice, a widely used model for studying the role of APC in intestinal tumorigenesis that is hampered by the fact that mice predominantly develop adenomas in the small intestine and not in the colon. Here, deletion of DRO1 in ApcMin/+ mice results in earlier death, a dramatically increased colonic tumor burden, and frequent development of colorectal carcinoma. Furthermore, enhanced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 is observed in colon epithelium and tumors from DRO1 knockout mice. Thus, this study reveals that inactivation of DRO1 is required for colorectal carcinogenesis in the ApcMin/+ mouse and establishes a new mouse model for the study of colorectal cancer.
Implications: This report characterizes a new mouse model for the study of colorectal cancer and establishes DRO1 (CCDC80) as a tumor suppressor via a mechanism involving ERK phosphorylation. Mol Cancer Res; 12(11); 1655–62. ©2014 AACR.