bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral microbiota distinguishes patients with osteosarcoma from healthy controls
Authors: Chen Yu , Li Chao , Wang Xin , Zhang Chun Lei , Ren Zhi Gang , Wang Zhong Quan 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThe human microbiota plays a key role in cancer diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. However, osteosarcoma-associated oral microbiota alterations have not yet been unraveled. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of oral microbiota in osteosarcoma patients compared to healthy controls, and to identify potential microbiota as a diagnostic tool for osteosarcoma.MethodsThe oral microbiota was analyzed in osteosarcoma patients (n = 45) and matched healthy controls (n = 90) using 16S rRNA MiSeq sequencing technology.ResultsThe microbial richness and diversity of the tongue coat were increased in osteosarcoma patients as estimated by the abundance-based coverage estimator indices, the Chao, and observed operational taxonomy units (OTUs). Principal component analysis delineated that the oral microbial community was significant differences between osteosarcoma patients and healthy controls. 14 genera including Rothia, Halomonas, Rhodococcus, and Granulicatella were remarkably reduced, whereas Alloprevotella, Prevotella, Selenomonas, and Campylobacter were enriched in osteosarcoma. Eventually, the optimal four OTUs were identified to construct a microbial classifier by the random forest model via a fivefold cross-validation, which achieved an area under the curve of 99.44% in the training group (30 osteosarcoma patients versus 60 healthy controls) and 87.33% in the test group (15 osteosarcoma patients versus 30 healthy controls), respectively. Notably, oral microbial markers validated strong diagnostic potential distinguishing osteosarcoma patients from healthy controls.ConclusionThis study comprehensively characterizes the oral microbiota in osteosarcoma and reveals the potential efficacy of oral microbiota-targeted biomarkers as a noninvasive biological diagnostic tool for osteosarcoma.
Association between gut microbiota and adrenal disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study
Authors: Zhang Yue-Yang , Liu Yao-Wen , Chen Bing-Xue , Wan Qin 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundSome observational studies and clinical experiments suggest a close association between gut microbiota and metabolic diseases. However, the causal effects of gut microbiota on adrenal diseases, including Adrenocortical insufficiency, Cushing syndrome, and Hyperaldosteronism, remain unclear.MethodsThis study conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using summary statistics data of gut microbiota from a large-scale genome-wide association study conducted by the MiBioGen Consortium. Summary statistics data for the three adrenal diseases were obtained from the FinnGen study. The study employed Inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO methods to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and these three adrenal diseases. Additionally, a reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was performed for bacteria found to have a causal relationship with these three adrenal diseases in the forward Mendelian randomization analysis. Cochran’s Q statistic was used to test for heterogeneity of instrumental variables.ResultsThe IVW test results demonstrate that class Deltaproteobacteria, Family Desulfovibrionaceae, and Order Desulfovibrionales exhibit protective effects against adrenocortical insufficiency. Conversely, Family Porphyromonadaceae, Genus Lachnoclostridium, and Order MollicutesRF9 are associated with an increased risk of adrenocortical insufficiency. Additionally, Family Acidaminococcaceae confers a certain level of protection against Cushing syndrome. In contrast, Class Methanobacteria, Family Lactobacillaceae, Family Methanobacteriaceae, Genus. Lactobacillus and Order Methanobacteriales are protective against Hyperaldosteronism. Conversely, Genus Parasutterella, Genus Peptococcus, and Genus Veillonella are identified as risk factors for Hyperaldosteronism.ConclusionsThis two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a causal relationship between microbial taxa such as Deltaproteobacteria and Desulfovibrionaceae and Adrenocortical insufficiency, Cushing syndrome, and Hyperaldosteronism. These findings offer new avenues for comprehending the development of adrenal diseases mediated by gut microbiota.
Relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and gallstones risk: a population-based study
Authors: Liao Quanhui , Chen Yongtai , Peng Quanshui , Li Chunying 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundGlobally, gallstones represented a prevalent condition of the digestive system, heavily affected by metabolic dysfunctions such as obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index served as an accessible novel indicator for evaluating insulin resistance, offering a precise reflection of metabolic conditions. However, no studies have yet explored their relationship. The link between the TyG and gallstone risk was the primary purpose of this study.MethodsUtilized data from the public database, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, for the years 2017-2020. The logit model was utilized to elucidate the connection between the TyG and the gallstones risk. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis served to verify any non-linear relationships existing between them. Sensitivity analyses, encompassing both stratified and interaction analyses, were conducted to identify populations of particular interest and assess potential interactions between covariates and the TyG index.ResultsA total of 4544 individuals were included. The risk of gallstones in high group was 1.6 times that of the low group. The potential cut-off value for the TyG index was 6.19. Above this threshold, there was a 40% heightened risk of gallstones with each one-unit increment in the TyG. The RCS analysis revealed the absence of a non-linear association between them. The populations warranting particular focus included those over 60 years, non-White people, individuals with a body mass index ≥25, smokers, drinkers, those with hypertension, and diabetes. Apart from smoking history, alcohol consumption, and history of diabetes, there were no interactions between other variables and the TyG index.ConclusionThe current study represented the inaugural investigation into the link between TyG index and the risk of gallstones. A positive correlation existed between them, signifying that an increase in TyG paralleled an elevated risk of gallstones. No non-linear relationship has been found between them. Besides, a 40% increase in gallstone risk accompanied each unit rise in TyG. Considering the convenience and accessibility of TyG in clinical settings, it has a promising potential for clinical application.
Bone injury imaging in knee and ankle joints using fast-field-echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing MRI: a feasibility study
Authors: Wang Nan , Jin Zhengshi , Liu Funing , Chen Lihua , Zhao Ying , Lin Liangjie , Liu Ailian , Song Qingwei 
Published: July 2024

PurposeTo explore the consistency of FRACTURE (Fast-field-echo Resembling A CT Using Restricted Echo-spacing) MRI and X-Ray/computerized tomography (CT) in the evaluation of bone injuries in knee and ankle joints.MethodsFrom Nov. 2020 to Jul. 2023, 42 patients with knee joint or ankle joint injuries who underwent FRACTURE MRI examinations were retrospectively collected. 11 patients were examined by both X-Ray and FRACTURE examinations. 31 patients were examined by both CT and FRACTURE examinations. The fracture, osteophyte, and bone destruction of the joints were evaluated by two radiologists using X-Ray/CT and FRACTURE images, respectively. Kappa test was used for consistency analysis.ResultsThe evaluation consistency of fracture, osteophyte and bone destruction via X-Ray and FRACTURE images by radiologist 1 were 0.879, 0.867 and 0.847 respectively, and for radiologist 2 were 0.899, 0.930, and 0.879, respectively. The evaluation consistency of fracture, osteophyte and bone destruction via CT and FRACTURE images by radiologist 1 were 0.938, 0.937 and 0.868 respectively, and for radiologist 2 were 0.961, 0.930, and 0.818, respectively.ConclusionFor fracture, osteophyte, and bone destruction of knee and ankle joints. FRACTURE MRI showed a high consistency with X-Ray/CT examinations.
The impact of water resource constraints on industrial linkages in the Yellow River basin
Authors: Lili Rong , Yanlei Duan , Shurong Duan 
Published: July 2024

PurposeLow water resource utilization rate, water environment pollution, and water ecology deterioration are unfavorable factors restricting the high-quality development of the Yellow River basin and the coordinated development of the region, and industrial linkage is an important mechanism to promote the regional “pole-diffusion” effect. Currently, the water resource constraints of the Yellow River basin are close to the upper limit; in this context, how to enhance the industrial linkage between regions, promote the coordinated development of resources and economy in the Yellow River basin, and construct new “growth poles” of high-quality development has become an important proposition.MethodsBy analyzing the mechanism of water resource constraints affecting industrial linkage and constructing a mediation effect model, we investigate the transmission mechanism of water resource constraints affecting industrial linkage through virtual water trade and optimization of industrial structure.ResultsThe results show that water resource constraints significantly inhibit the development of industrial linkage in the whole basin, but enhance the development of industrial linkage through the promotion of virtual water trade and optimization of industrial structure; in terms of subregions, there are differences in the mediation effect in the Yellow River basin in the regions with advantages in agriculture and animal husbandry, in the regions with advantages in the energy industry, and in the regions with advantages in the emerging industry and advanced manufacturing industry.InspirationThis study has several aims: first, the rational use of the virtual water trade model of the Yellow River basin; second, use of the basin as a whole to promote the upgrading of industrial structure; third, the development of water resource rigid constraints in accordance with local conditions to promote the sustainable development of the economy; and fourth, promotion of the construction of the industrial community of the whole basin to realize the synergistic high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.Marginal contributionIn the study of high-quality development in the Yellow River basin, the existing literature focuses on the optimization of the industrial layout and industrial structure based on the theory of resource advantage and industrial division of labor. Based on this, this article analyzes the impact of water resource constraints on the industrial linkage of regions with advantages in agriculture and animal husbandry, energy industry, and emerging industry and advanced manufacturing industry from the perspective of the adaptability of water resources to the layout of productive forces and puts forward the proposal of coordinating the linkage development of industries in the whole river basin, which promotes the research on the relationship between water resources and industries.
Genome-wide identification and drought stress-induced expression analysis of the NHX gene family in potato
Authors: Yihong Ji , Zhen Liu , Chang Liu , Ziying Shao , Ning Zhang , Meiqing Suo , Yuhui Liu , Lei Wang 
Published: July 2024

NHX proteins are transmembrane antiporters belonging to the cation/proton antiporter gene family, with a conserved Na+ (K+)/H+ exchange (PF00999) protein domain. NHXs play a prominent role in plant growth, development, and defense. However, the role of NHX gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is yet to be known. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the potato NHX gene family. A total of 25 StNHX family members were identified to be unevenly distributed on 10 chromosomes. The proteins ranged in length from 252 to 1,153 amino acids, with molecular masses ranging from 27516.32 to 127860.87 kD, and isoelectric points (pI) ranging from 4.96 to 9.3. Analyses of gene structures and conserved motifs indicated that StNHX genes in the same phylogenetic cluster are conserved. Phylogenetic analysis divided the StNHX genes into three subfamilies (Classes I, II, and III). Synteny analysis indicated that StNHX gene family Class III of NHX and all Arabidopsis thaliana NHXs shared a close evolutionary relationship. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the upstream 1,500 bp promoter region of potato NHX genes showed that these genes could be regulated by light, stress, and hormones such as abscisic acid and gibberellic acid. Protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that StNHX proteins may participate in the regulation of potato growth and stress response. Besides, To determine a potential role of these genes in tissue development and drought response, we analyzed the RNA-seq data of different DM potato tissues. The results showed that NHX genes exhibited distinct tissue-specific expression patterns. We further examined the expression patterns of StNHX in different tissues (leaves, roots, shoots, tubers, stolons, and flowers) during the flowering stage in ‘Jizhangshu NO.8.’ potato. The qRT-PCR results further confirmed the importance of StNHX genes in potato plant growth and development. We further analyzed the RNA-seq data (DM potato) under different abiotic stresses (salt, drought, and heat), and found that the expression of StNHX genes was induced under abiotic stress. qRT-PCR analysis of shoots and roots of ‘Jizhangshu NO.8.’ potato treated for 0, 6, 12, and 24 h with 15% PEG6000 confirmed that the 25 StNHX genes are involved in the response to drought stress in potato. The results of this study may be useful for selecting appropriate candidate genes for the breeding of new drought-tolerant potato varieties. Furthermore, this study lays a foundation for prospective analysis of StNHX gene functions.
Cross-species single-cell landscapes identify the pathogenic gene characteristics of inherited retinal diseases
Authors: Hu Hualei , Liu Fei , Gao Pan , Huang Yuwen , Jia Danna , Reilly Jamas , Chen Xiang , Han Yunqiao , Sun Kui , Luo Jiong , Li Pei , Zhang Zuxiao , Wang Qing , Lu Qunwei , Luo Daji , Shu Xinhua , Tang Zhaohui , Liu Mugen , Ren Xiang 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionInherited retinal diseases (IRDs) affect ∼4.5 million people worldwide. Elusive pathogenic variants in over 280 genes are associated with one or more clinical forms of IRDs. It is necessary to understand the complex interaction among retinal cell types and pathogenic genes by constructing a regulatory network. In this study, we attempt to establish a panoramic expression view of the cooperative work in retinal cells to understand the clinical manifestations and pathogenic bases underlying IRDs.MethodsSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data on the retinas from 35 retina samples of 3 species (human, mouse, and zebrafish) including 259,087 cells were adopted to perform a comparative analysis across species. Bioinformatic tools were used to conduct weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), single-cell regulatory network analysis, cell–cell communication analysis, and trajectory inference analysis.ResultsThe cross-species comparison revealed shared or species-specific gene expression patterns at single-cell resolution, such as the stathmin family genes, which were highly expressed specifically in zebrafish Müller glias (MGs). Thirteen gene modules were identified, of which nine were associated with retinal cell types, and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment of module genes was consistent with cell-specific highly expressed genes. Many IRD genes were identified as hub genes and cell-specific regulons. Most IRDs, especially the retinitis pigmentosa (RP) genes, were enriched in rod-specific regulons. Integrated expression and transcription regulatory network genes, such as congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) genes GRK1, PDE6B, and TRPM1, showed cell-specific expression and transcription characteristics in either rods or bipolar cells (BCs). IRD genes showed evolutionary conservation (GNAT2, PDE6G, and SAG) and divergence (GNAT2, MT-ND4, and PDE6A) along the trajectory of photoreceptors (PRs) among species. In particular, the Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) gene OTX2 showed high expression at the beginning of the trajectory of both PRs and BCs.ConclusionWe identified molecular pathways and cell types closely connected with IRDs, bridging the gap between gene expression, genetics, and pathogenesis. The IRD genes enriched in cell-specific modules and regulons suggest that these diseases share common etiological bases. Overall, mining of interspecies transcriptome data reveals conserved transcriptomic features of retinas across species and promising applications in both normal retina anatomy and retina pathology.
Evaluation of the quality and quantity of artificial intelligence-generated responses about anesthesia and surgery: using ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0
Authors: Choi Jisun , Oh Ah Ran , Park Jungchan , Kang Ryung A. , Yoo Seung Yeon , Lee Dong Jae , Yang Kwangmo 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) language model chatbot, Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), is renowned for its ability to provide data quickly and efficiently. This study aimed to assess the medical responses of ChatGPT regarding anesthetic procedures.MethodsTwo anesthesiologist authors selected 30 questions representing inquiries patients might have about surgery and anesthesia. These questions were inputted into two versions of ChatGPT in English. A total of 31 anesthesiologists then evaluated each response for quality, quantity, and overall assessment, using 5-point Likert scales. Descriptive statistics summarized the scores, and a paired sample t-test compared ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0.ResultsRegarding quality, “appropriate” was the most common rating for both ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0 (40 and 48%, respectively). For quantity, responses were deemed “insufficient” in 59% of cases for 3.5, and “adequate” in 69% for 4.0. In overall assessment, 3 points were most common for 3.5 (36%), while 4 points were predominant for 4.0 (42%). Mean quality scores were 3.40 and 3.73, and mean quantity scores were − 0.31 (between insufficient and adequate) and 0.03 (between adequate and excessive), respectively. The mean overall score was 3.21 for 3.5 and 3.67 for 4.0. Responses from 4.0 showed statistically significant improvement in three areas.ConclusionChatGPT generated responses mostly ranging from appropriate to slightly insufficient, providing an overall average amount of information. Version 4.0 outperformed 3.5, and further research is warranted to investigate the potential utility of AI chatbots in assisting patients with medical information.
Auditory and speech outcomes of cochlear implantation in patients with Waardenburg syndrome: a meta-analysis
Authors: Qin Feng , Guo Siquan , Yin Xiuwen , Lu Xiaoyu , Ma Jing 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the potential efficacy of cochlear implantation as a treatment for patients with Waardenburg syndrome (WS) and to guide clinical work by comparing the effect of auditory and speech recovery after cochlear implantation in patients with WS and non-WS.MethodsPubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang Data were sources for retrieving literature on cochlear implantation in WS, and clinical data meeting the inclusion criteria were meta-analyzed using RevMan5.41.ResultsA total of nine articles were included in this study, including 132 patients with WS and 815 patients in the control group. Meta-analysis showed that there are no significant differences in the scores for categories of audit performance (CAP), speech intelligibility rating (SIR), and parents’ evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (PEACH) between the WS group and the control group.ConclusionCochlear implantation demonstrates comparable auditory and speech recovery outcomes for WS patients and non-WS patients.
Case report: Metastatic refractory undifferentiated small round-cell sarcoma successfully treated with surufatinib and camrelizumab
Authors: Li Yong , Huang Jinpeng , Chen Xian , Ye Yongsong , Du Xiaohua , Voutsadakis Ioannis A. , Seetharam Mahesh , Zhang Haibo , Lu Min 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundUndifferentiated small round-cell sarcomas (uSRCSs) are a subgroup of sarcomas that are difficult to diagnose. Some uSRCSs have specific gene re-arrangements, but others do not. Currently, there is no specific treatments for advanced uSRCSs, and its treatment is largely based on general experience with sarcomas, which includes chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. In this article, we report a patient with uSRCS who responded to treatment with anti-VEGF inhibitor surufatinib and anti-PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab after progression on first-line chemotherapy, second-line anlotinib combined with immunotherapy, and third-line chemotherapy.Case descriptionIn July 2020, a 37-year-old female patient was diagnosed with advanced uSRCS. Results for the Ewing sarcoma RNA binding protein 1 and Wilms tumor suppressor (EWSR1/WT1) fusion gene were negative. The patient was also negative with BCOR (BCL6 co-repressor) and CIC (capicua transcriptional repressor) fusion gene. The next-generation sequencing results revealed point mutations on Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate 3-Kinase Catalytic Subunit Beta (PIK3CB), Transcription Factor Binding To IGHM Enhancer 3 (TFE3), Mucin 16 (MUC16), and AXL (Axl, also called UFO, ARK, and Tyro7, is part of a family of receptor tyrosine kinases). The patient received 4 cycles of the Ifosfamide and epirubicin hydrochloride regimen, and her best objective response was stable disease. On November 3, 2020, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed progressive disease (PD). Two cycles of camrelizumab (a programmed death-1 inhibitor) plus anlotinib (an anti- vascular endothelial growth factor drug) were administered, but PD was again observed. Thus, a regimen of gemcitabine plus docetaxel was adopted. Unfortunately, the disease progressed once again after two cycles of the treatment. On February 4, 2021, the patient began to receive targeted therapy with surufatinib combined with camrelizumab. A CT scan showed that the tumor achieved a partial response. As of April 2023, the patient had a progression-free survival time of 26 months.ConclusionsSurufatinib in combination with camrelizumab could be effective in the treatment of advanced uSRCSs.