bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of Manganese‐Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as Effective Electrocatalytic System in Oxygen Reduction Reactions
Authors: Noor Shaista , Ahmad Fawad , Khan Muhammad Imran , Shanableh Abdallah , Khan Shakir , Manzoor Suryyia , Osman Sameh M. , Luque Rafael 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTFuel cell technologies constitute a clean, reliable, highly efficient, and eco‐friendly source of alternative energy generation. However, they still require a reliable and robust catalytic system showing comparative electrochemical activity to precious metal Pt with less cost. In this work, Mn@ZnO NPs were synthesized using a hydrothermal‐assisted simple method. Several techniques including SEM, TGA, and XRD were used to confirm the material synthesis. Electrochemical properties were analyzed by using linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and cyclic voltammetry. A higher ORR activity in terms of mass activity and current density was observed 133.9 mA/mg as compared to Pt/C (96 mA/mg) and Pd/C (67 mA/mg) under otherwise identical conditions. Mn@ZnO also exhibited excellent current density (1.913 mA cm−2), comparable to Pt/C (1.55 mA cm−2). Chronoamperometry shows stability for up to 800 s. Comparative studies were conducted in both acidic and basic mediums, with observed higher ORR activity in acidic media.
Data‐driven guidelines for phylogenomic analyses using SNP data
Authors: Suissa Jacob S. , De La Cerda Gisel Y. , Graber Leland C. , Jelley Chloe , Wickell David , Phillips Heather R. , Grinage Ayress D. , Moreau Corrie S. , Specht Chelsea D. , Doyle Jeff J. , Landis Jacob B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPremiseThere is a general lack of consensus on the best practices for filtering of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and whether it is better to use SNPs or include flanking regions (full “locus”) in phylogenomic analyses and subsequent comparative methods.MethodsUsing genotyping‐by‐sequencing data from 22 Glycine species, we assessed the effects of SNP vs. locus usage and SNP retention stringency. We compared branch length, node support, and divergence time estimation across 16 datasets with varying amounts of missing data and total size.ResultsOur results revealed five aspects of phylogenomic data usage that may be generally applicable: (1) tree topology is largely congruent across analyses; (2) filtering strictly for SNP retention (e.g., 90–100%) reduces support and can alter some inferred relationships; (3) absolute branch lengths vary by two orders of magnitude between SNP and locus datasets; (4) data type and branch length variation have little effect on divergence time estimation; and (5) phylograms alter the estimation of ancestral states and rates of morphological evolution.DiscussionUsing SNP or locus datasets does not alter phylogenetic inference significantly, unless researchers want or need to use absolute branch lengths. We recommend against using excessive filtering thresholds for SNP retention to reduce the risk of producing inconsistent topologies and generating low support.
Three‐dimensional geometric morphometric analyses of humerus ecomorphology: New perspectives for paleohabitat reconstruction in carnivorans and ungulates
Authors: Serio Carmela , Brown Richard P. , Clauss Marcus , Meloro Carlo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLong bone ecomorphology has proven effective for paleohabitat reconstructions across a wide range of mammalian clades. Still, there is no comprehensive framework to allow interpretation of long bone morphological variation within and between different monophyletic groups. Here, we investigated the use of humerus morphometry to classify living members of the orders Carnivora and ungulates based on their preferred habitats. Using geometric morphometrics, we extracted three different kinds of humerus shape data describing interspecific variation with and without accounting for evolutionary allometry and phylogenetic signal. The traditional a priori categorization of species in open, mixed, and closed habitats was employed in combination with selected subsets of shape variables to identify the best‐predictive models for habitat adaptation. These were identified based on the statistical performance of phylogenetic and non‐phylogenetic discriminant analyses and then applied to predict habitats on a subsample of fossil species. Size‐free shape data combined with phylogenetic discriminant analyses showed the highest rate of accuracy in habitat classification for a combined sample of carnivorans and ungulates. Conversely, when the two groups were investigated separately, traditional shape data analyzed with phylogenetic discriminant function analyses provided models with the greatest predictive power. By combining carnivorans and ungulates within the same methodological framework we identified common adaptive features in closed habitat‐adapted species that show compressed epiphyses, while open habitat‐adapted species have expanded epiphyses. These morphologies evolved to allow significant degree of direction switches during locomotion in closed habitats compared to open habitat‐adapted species whose forelimb joints evolved to stabilize articulations for increasing speed.
Impact of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. on kidney‐yin deficiency: a study based on pharmacodynamics and metabolomics research
Authors: Sun Shu‐ding , Zhao Di , Liu Xue‐fang , Zhang Wei‐wei , Dong Hao‐ran , Tian Yan‐ge , Feng Su‐Xiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (LLA) in addressing kidney‐yin deficiency (KYD). Forty‐eight Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into eight groups based on their weight. The KYD model was established by intragastric administration of levothyroxine sodium. Each group was administered the corresponding treatment for 15 consecutive days. The general condition of the rats during the treatment period was observed. In addition, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and the ratio of cAMP to cGMP in the serum of rats from different groups were measured. Serum samples were analyzed using the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)‐Orbitrap Fusion MS technique for metabolomics analysis. Compared with the model group, the general condition of the rats in the wine‐steamed L. lucidum group (WL) and salt‐steamed L. lucidum group (SSL) groups showed significant improvement. The serum levels of cAMP, cGMP, and the cAMP‐to‐cGMP ratio tended to return to normal. Metabolic analysis identified 38 relevant biomarkers and revealed 3 major metabolic pathways: phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; and sphingolipid metabolism. The different processing methods of LLA demonstrated therapeutic effects on KYD in rats, likely related to the restoration of disturbed metabolism by adjusting the levels of endogenous metabolites in the kidney. The SSL demonstrated significantly superior effects compared with the other four types of LLA processed products.
Identification of pyroptosis subtypes and prognosis model of hepatocellular carcinoma based on pyroptosis‐related genes
Authors: Xie Haisheng , Huang Guanlin , Mai Haoming , Chen Jiaxuan , Na Rong , Jiang De‐Ke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, regulates tumor cell development. However, the role of pyroptosis‐related genes (PRGs) in HCC and their association with prognosis are unclear.MethodsWe conducted bioinformatics analysis to identify PRGs in The Cancer Genome Atlas‐Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA‐LIHC) patients. Consensus clustering classified patients into different subtypes. We used LASSO regression to established a pyroptosis subtype‐related score (PSRS) related to prognosis. OncoPredict identified potential pharmaceuticals based on PSRS.ResultsWe found 20 HCC‐related PRGs in 335 TCGA‐LIHC patients. Consensus clustering classified patients into two subtypes. Subtype I had better overall survival and higher response to anti‐PD1 treatment. The prognostic model involving 20 genes predicted poorer prognosis for high‐PSRS group. The model was validated in two external cohorts. OncoPredict identified 65 potential pharmaceuticals based on PSRS.ConclusionOur investigation revealed a correlation between pyroptosis and HCC. We established PSRS as independent risk factors for predicting prognosis. The study paves the way for using PRGs as prognostic biomarkers and exploring personalized therapy for HCC.
Data sharing in cancer research: A qualitative study exploring community members' preferences
Authors: Johnston Elizabeth A. , Bourdaniotis Xanthia E. , Ayre Susannah K. , Zajdlewicz Leah , Beesley Vanessa L. , Goodwin Belinda C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdvancements in cancer treatment and survivorship rely on participation in research and access to health records.MethodsThis study explored preferences for data access and sharing in 14 workshops with 42 community members, most of whom were a cancer survivor or carer. Various scenarios for data access and sharing were presented and discussed, with participants' preferences summarized using descriptive statistics. Reasons underlying these preferences were identified through a thematic analysis of workshop transcripts.ResultsMost participants indicated a willingness for researchers to use their self‐report data and current health records for a specific research project (86%). Many were also willing for their self‐report data and current (62%) or all future (44%) health records to be shared with other researchers for use in other studies if made aware of this. Willingness to consent to data access and sharing data in cancer research was influenced by: (i) the potential for data sharing to advance medical discoveries and benefit people impacted by cancer in the future, (ii) transparency around researchers' credibility and their intentions for data sharing, (iii) level of ownership and control over data sharing, and (iv) protocols for privacy and confidentiality in data sharing.ConclusionsBased on these themes, we present practical strategies for optimizing data access and sharing in cancer research.
Measuring patient‐reported distress from breast magnetic resonance imaging: Development and validation of the MRI‐related distress scale (MRI‐DS)
Authors: Kang Danbee , Kim Sooyeon , Han Jiyoon , Kim Youngha , Cho Juhee , Lee Jeong Eon , Ko Eun Sook 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveAlthough breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable screening tool, breast MRI testing burden was associated with cancer worry and quality of life. We aimed to develop and validate the MRI‐related distress scale (MRI‐DS) to assess comprehensive distress specifically related to breast MRI.MethodsWe enrolled women aged above 18 years, diagnosed breast cancer, had MRI examination at least one time, and who could speak and read Korean in phase I and enrolled women aged above 18 years, visited outpatient clinic of breast general surgery, had undergone MRI examination at least once, and could speak and read Korean in phase II. We excluded patients who had any physical or psychiatric conditions in both phases. We recruited from a tertiary university‐based hospital in South Korea between April and August 2023.ResultsAll 18 items had acceptable levels of item correlation (≥0.30) in the explanatory factor analysis with a four‐factor solution. The fit indices for the four‐factor solution model were good. The discriminant validity of the MRI‐DS had a moderate correlation with general anxiety or quality of life. In the known‐group analysis, those who reported MRI as the most burden breast examination had higher total scores.ConclusionThe validity of the MRI‐DS has been confirmed as a scale for measuring the specific distress caused by breast MRI. The MRI‐DS is recommended to health professional to communicate with patients with MRI.Clinical ImplicationsIt can be used to assess the distress associated with MRI screening in breast cancer patients. Physician could use MRI‐DS to discuss the reasons for distress caused by breast MRI screening and to address specific sources of discomfort associated with it.
Acute lower‐extremity arterial thrombosis with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Nagatomo Takahiro , Nagata Takuya , Ohno Yuju , Numaguchi Kotaro 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageWe describe an acute lower‐extremity arterial occlusion in a 30‐year‐old woman with immune thrombocytopenia and polycystic ovary syndrome. Thrombosis may be a complication of immune thrombocytopenia requiring careful management.
Contralateral transvenous left ventricular lead placement of an implantable device with pre‐sternal tunneling in an ipsilateral chronically obstructed subclavian vein
Authors: Antoun Ibrahim , Dardas Sotirios , Mubashwirul Islam , Taher Abu‐Tariq , Ahmed Nauman 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageMultiple methods are used to tackle ipsilateral obstructed venous access in patients undergoing a device upgrade by implanting a new left ventricular lead. One feasible solution to tackle this is implantation of the upgrade lead contralaterally with pre‐sternal tunnelization to the opposite side under conscious sedation.
Nitrogen Doped Carbon Layer Coated Co2MnO4 Electrocatalyst for Efficient Acidic Water Oxidation
Authors: Wang Zhi , Wang Zhaokun , Li Wenxin , Wang Jiashuai , Shi Haofeng , Wang Chengdeng , Bai Zhiming , Gao Yan , Zhu Chuang , Yan Xiaoqin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution process must be both active and stable in order to make hydrogen from water using renewable power. Nitrogen‐doped carbon layer coated cobalt manganate particles were synthesized on carbon cloth using calcination method. The catalysts exhibited small particle sizes and graphitized carbon layer that covered the cobalt manganate, facilitating electron flow. Moreover, the nitrogen‐doped carbon layer enhanced the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) rate by reducing the potential required for surface reconstruction and optimizing electron distribution on the cobalt manganate surface. This electrocatalyst demonstrated a current density of 100 mA/cm2 at 1.56 V vs. RHE. Thus, this electrocatalyst shows promise as a novel OER catalyst for water oxidation in acidic aqueous solutions.
Hydrogenation of Alkenes Catalyzed by Mn(I) Alkyl Complexes Bearing NHC Phosphine Ligands
Authors: Zobernig Daniel P. , Stöger Berthold , Veiros Luis F. , Kirchner Karl 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn efficient additive free hydrogenation of alkenes with molecular hydrogen is described. The pre‐catalyst is a well‐defined bench stable Mn(I) alkyl complex bearing a NHC phosphine ligand. These reactions are environmentally benign and atom economic, implementing an inexpensive, earth abundant non‐precious metal catalyst. The catalytic process is initiated by migratory insertion of a CO ligand into the Mn‐alkyl bond to yield an acyl intermediate which undergoes rapid hydrogenolysis to form the active 16e Mn(I) hydride catalyst [Mn(PC‐iPr)(CO)2(H)]. A range of mono‐ and disubstituted alkenes were efficiently converted into alkanes in good to excellent yields. The hydrogenation requires a reaction temperature of 60 °C. In all cases, a catalyst loading of 1 mol % and a hydrogen pressure of 50 bar was applied. A mechanism based on DFT calculations is presented which is supported by experimental studies.
Cortisol Synchrony in Psychotherapy for Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Levi Eyal , Peysachov Galit , Admon Roee , Zilcha‐Mano Sigal 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAccumulating research emphasizes the role of interpersonal coordination in arousal levels, which may manifest as cortisol synchrony, in interpersonal interactions. While the role of cortisol has been investigated in psychotherapy, cortisol synchrony and its characteristics and effect on treatment progress remain a relatively unexplored area. This study aims to explore the existence of distinct patterns of cortisol coordination throughout psychotherapy and test the associations of different coordination patterns with patients' pre‐treatment characteristics and treatment progress measures.MethodsFifty patient–therapist dyads participated in 16 weeks of psychodynamic treatment for major depressive disorder. Salivary cortisol samples were collected before and after each session at four time points. Self‐report questionnaires and treatment session video‐coding were used to characterize and differentiate between patterns of cortisol coordination.ResultsThree patterns of cortisol coordination were identified: synchronized, unsynchronized and stable‐therapist. These patterns differed in patient characteristics and treatment progress measures in that patients exhibiting a synchronized pattern tended to be more anxious and dominant in their relationships and were more prone to withdrawal ruptures.ConclusionsResults provide novel evidence regarding variability in patient–therapist cortisol patterns and its putative associations with treatment progress.
Concanavalin‐A‐Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice
Authors: Nabekura Tsukasa , Matsuo Soichi , Shibuya Akira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute liver injury is a life‐threatening disease. Although immune responses are involved in the development and exacerbation of acute liver injury, the cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Intravenous administration of the plant lectin concanavalin A (ConA) is widely used as a model of acute liver injury. ConA triggers T cell activation and cytokine production by crosslinking glycoproteins, including the T cell receptor, leading to the infiltration of myeloid cells into the liver and the subsequent amplification of inflammation in the liver. Thus, the pathogenesis of ConA‐induced acute liver injury is considered a model of immune‐mediated acute liver injury or autoimmune hepatitis in humans. However, the severity of the liver injury and the analyses of immune cells and non‐hematopoietic cells in the liver following ConA injection are significantly influenced by the experimental conditions. This article outlines protocols for ConA‐induced acute liver injury in mice and evaluation methods for liver injury, immune cells, and non‐hematopoietic cells in the liver. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Induction of acute liver injury by ConA injectionBasic Protocol 2: Evaluation of inflammatory cytokines in mouse plasmaBasic Protocol 3: Preparation of liver sections and histological analysis of liver injuryBasic Protocol 4: Preparation of liver immune cellsBasic Protocol 5: Preparation of hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cellsBasic Protocol 6: Flow cytometry of immune and non‐hematopoietic liver cellsBasic Protocol 7: Flow cytometric sorting of endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cellsBasic Protocol 8: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
From Wide‐Bandgap to Narrow‐Bandgap Perovskite: Applications from Single‐Junction to Tandem Optoelectronics
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Lee Hyeonseok , Lee Younghyun , Kim Jinhyun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs perovskite solar device is burgeoning photoelectronic device, numerous studies to optimize perovskite solar device have been demonstrated. Amongst various advantages from perovskite light absorbing layer, attractive property of tunable bandgap allowed perovskite to be adopted in many different fields. Easily tunable bandgap property of perovskite opened the wide application and to get the most out of its potential, many researchers contributed as well. By precursor composition engineering, narrow bandgap with bandgap of less than 1.4 eV and wide bandgap with bandgap of more than 1.7 eV were achieved. Optimization of both narrow and wide bandgap perovskite solar cell could pave the way to all‐perovskite tandem solar cell which is combination of top cell with wide bandgap and bottom cell with narrow bandgap. This review highlights numerous efforts to advance device performance of both narrow and wide bandgap perovskite solar cell and how they challenged the issues. And finally, efforts to operate and utilize all‐tandem perovskite device in real world will be discussed.
On the Role of Anions in Solid Catalysts with Ionic Liquid Layer (SCILL) for the Selective Hydrogenation of Highly Concentrated Acetylene Streams
Authors: Mauß Jonathan M. , Schüth Ferdi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectric plasma assisted pyrolysis of methane represents a highly promising greener alternative to produce ethylene from biogas and renewable energies compared to conventional steam cracking of naphtha. The mediocre performance of typical Pd−Ag catalysts for the downstream purification of the substantially higher concentrated acetylene impurities (≥15 vol.‐%) in those ethylene streams via selective hydrogenation is yet limiting economic interest. Following the concept of solid catalysts with ionic liquid layer (SCILL), we have modified an intrinsically non‐selective palladium catalyst with imidazolium based ionic liquids varying among 10 different anions and investigated them in this reaction. The best performing [C4C1IM][MeSO4]‐SCILL reaches an outstanding average ethylene selectivity over 20 h on‐stream of 82 % at full acetylene conversion without any sign of deactivation, clearly outperforming conventional Pd−Ag catalysts. By varying parameters like ionic liquid (IL) loading, temperature, feed gas composition, cations, and by using XPS for surface analysis we could gain a very comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms that reduce the competing over‐hydrogenation and oligomerisation side‐reactions.
Assessing Psychological Remission in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa: A Comparison of Patient and Parent Report
Authors: Huryk Kathryn M. , Drury Catherine R. , Hail Lisa , Murray Stuart B. , Sawyer Susan M. , Hughes Elizabeth K. , Le Grange Daniel , Loeb Katharine L. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe definition and assessment of remission in anorexia nervosa (AN) needs greater consensus. Particularly in adolescents, the use of patient‐reported composite indices (such as the Eating Disorder Examination [EDE] Global Score) as the sole measure of psychological remission has the potential to obscure patients' true clinical status, given developmental factors and the propensity towards symptom minimization in AN.MethodEnd of treatment (EOT) data from a randomized controlled trial comparing two formats of manualized family‐based treatment for adolescents with AN (N = 106) were analyzed. Participants completed the EDE, and their parents completed a parent‐as‐informant version of the EDE (Parent Eating Disorder Examination; PEDE). Rates of remission were compared across indices (i.e., EDE Global Score vs. diagnostic item analysis) and informant (i.e., adolescent vs. parent), both independently and in combination with the achievement of a percent median body mass index (% mBMI) greater than or equal to 95%.ResultsFor both adolescent and parent reports, there were higher rates of remission when defined by Global Score than when defined by EDE or PEDE diagnostic items. There were no significant differences in remission rates based on informant.DiscussionIn the assessment of remission in AN, the EDE Global Score may not detect some adolescents who continue to exhibit clinically significant psychological symptoms. This study supports a detailed, multidimensional approach to assessing remission in adolescent AN to optimize sensitivity to patients' diagnostic profile. Future research should explore whether parent–child concordance on measures of ED psychopathology varies over the course of treatment.