bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated carbonation of non-plastic soils mixed with hydrated lime: index properties influencing binder formation rate and mechanical improvement
Authors: Gallant Aaron P. , Hossen S.K. Belal , Ashraf Warda 
Published: July 2024

Chemical stabilization—the mixing of additives like cement, lime, or fly-ash with soil to improve its mechanical properties—conventionally relies on hydration reactions to generate a binder. Accelerated soil carbonation is a nascent alternative method, whereby carbon dioxide is intentionally introduced in soil mixed with alkali additives to generate a carbonate binder and sequester carbon dioxide. Non-plastic sand and silt specimens mixed with hydrated lime were carbonated for varying amounts of time at different water contents and densities to evaluate the index properties influencing the rate of carbonation and degree of mechanical improvement. It was demonstrated that volumetric air and water contents primarily govern the rate of binder formation and that mechanical properties are influenced by the carbonate binder content and density. Under optimum conditions, soil specimens could be fully carbonated within 3–24 h and unconfined compressive strengths as great as 3–4 MPa were achieved. The degree of strength improvement is comparable to cement-stabilized materials and has a similar dependence on soil type, density, and binder content. If techniques are developed that enable carbonation at scale, the sequestration of carbon dioxide would offset emissions associated with production of chemical additives used for chemical stabilization.
How State Takeovers of School Districts Affect Education Finance, 1990 to 2019
Authors: Lyon Melissa Arnold , Bleiberg Joshua , Schueler Beth 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
State takeovers of school districts—a form of political centralization that shifts decision-making power from locally elected leaders to the state—have increased over time, often with the purported goal of improving district financial condition. Takeover has affected millions of students since the first takeover in 1988 and has been more common in districts serving marginalized communities. We investigate whether 104 takeovers from 1990 to 2019 affect financial outcomes using event study methods. We find that takeovers increase annual school spending by roughly $2,000 per pupil after five years, leading to improvements in some aspects of financial condition (budgetary and long-run solvency), on average. New funds primarily come from state revenues and mostly cover districts’ legacy costs (debt and employee benefits). These effects are larger when takeovers are motivated by academic and/or other, non-fiscal reasons. However, takeovers are experienced unequally, with Black students less likely to experience the takeover-induced increases to expenditures and improvements in fiscal condition. This suggests that political centralization can promote fiscal health but with potentially concerning equity implications.
Toward Equitable ArtScience Collaborations: Synthesizing Performance Art and Social Psychology for Social Change
Authors: Amir Einat , Hasson Yossi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The article proposes a novel model for ArtScience collaborations that is based on more equal roles. With better power balance, artists and scientists can together create projects that truly synthesize their fields. Additionally, it is suggested that these collaborations can significantly contribute to social change through socially engaged research. The article focuses on the transformative potential of the collaboration process itself. The presented case study is the authors’ collaboration in creating hybrids of participatory performance art and social psychology experiments. It contributes new methodological approaches to the expanding field of ArtScience collaborations.
Compositional Rheology: Drafting Musical Flux through Fluid Mechanics and Drawing
Authors: Guerra-Valiente Juan-José 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article explores the fluctuating relationship between the concepts of the “smooth” and “striated” musical space and time introduced by French composer Pierre Boulez and further developed by philosopher Gilles Deleuze, as well as its connection to rheology. The study focuses on how the understanding of the Reynolds number (Re), a parameter that characterizes the way a fluid flows in a duct, might provide a new approach to investigating the aforementioned musical concepts and visualizing them through drawing. This article also introduces a way of studying and visualizing musical compositions by establishing analogies between compositional parameters and the molecular and inertial forces that exist within the stream of a fluid.
Proof-of-Stake Non-Fungible Tokens, the Distributed Autonomous Organization, and the Valuation of Art: A Proposal for a Nonprofit, Community Controlled NFT
Authors: Britton David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper describes a way to use blockchain-based non-fungible tokens (NFTs) to address some fundamental failures of the art world introduced when the early-twentieth-century evolution of financial markets expanded to include objets d’art as commodities. It proposes the creation of a distributed autonomous organization (DAO) that uses domain experts’ Delphic consensus methods embedded in smart contracts to provide NFTs with meaningful nonfinancial assessments of intrinsic artistic qualities and merit.
Full details of the blockchain implementation and organizational development are online, registered at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3DF4W with the Open Science Foundation as a large-scale participant/observer social science experiment.
Using traveling festivals to mobilize primate conservation education
Authors: Ramos-Luna Jorge , Torres-Anaya Daniela Alicia , Esparza-Rodríguez Zaira Lizbeth , Fonseca-Leal Tania , Alvarez-Velazquez María Fernanda , Chapman Colin A. , Serio-Silva Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Environmental education aims to foster knowledge, awareness, and appreciation for nature and can encompass various formats, including festivals. The traveling festival “Changos y Monos va a tu comunidad” is inspired by previous initiatives and aims to promote the conservation of primates in southeast Mexico. The festival involved focused activities, mainly for children, such as talks, games, and exhibitions. It has been held on ten occasions, reaching approximately 700 people from nine localities. Unlike other events, its execution does not require a large budget due to the short duration, the use of small spaces, and because it can be conducted in parallel with field research, which has facilitated its funding. Although no systematic evaluation of the impact of this initiative has been conducted, it is evident that the festival gained notoriety among people in various locations in the region, suggesting “Changos y Monos va a tu comunidad” represents a significant contribution to the conservation of wild Mexican primates.
Protection service of a leading silverback male from external threats in wild western gorillas
Authors: Tamura Masaya , Akomo-Okoue Etienne François , Mangama-Koumba Lilian Brice , Ghislain Wilfried Ebang Ella , Mindonga-Nguelet Fred Loïc 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Primate males normally protect reproductive females, genetic offspring, and other relatives from external threats. Nevertheless, male protection of group members other than the above individuals is widely reported. Here, we show qualitative data on a silverback’s charging behaviors toward human observers (predator surrogates) to protect group members having various age-sex and kinship traits in a group of wild western gorillas containing one reproductive male. We observed 106 and 33 charging behaviors by the leading silverback in two separate study periods. Two natal infants were often involved in his protective charging. Further, the silverback provided protection services to reproductive females. Surprisingly, immigrant individuals (i.e., unrelated to the silverback), including a wide range of age-sex classes, were also protected multiple times. His protection services for natal infants and adult females can be interpreted as a form of parenting effort and mating effort, respectively. Further, those for some immigrant immatures accompanied by their mothers can be considered part of mating effort, advertising his quality as a mate to the mothers. Finally, his charging behaviors to protect immigrant young males, who could be reproductive threats to him, may be due to group augmentation benefits. That is, the recruitment of additional males in exchange for protection services would improve the ability of group defense. Protection services of the leading silverback in the one-male group of western gorillas, in which members of various age-sex classes and kinship traits coexist, could be interpreted by some existing functional explanations.
Promoting long-term local ownership of natural heritage through outreach: the case of the endemic Bolivian titi monkeys
Authors: Martinez Jesus , Porcel Zulia , Carvajal Pamela , Flores-Turdera Cecilia , Jurado Cynthya , Lopez-Strauss Heidy , Lopez Lesly , Campera Marco , Wallace Robert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Adequate knowledge and learning about local biodiversity are a prerequisite for effective attitudinal changes in favour of species protection. Outreach activities are considered a useful tool for sharing information with local stakeholders who play a crucial role in conserving wildlife. We conducted two outreach campaigns focused on schoolchildren in two villages to share information on the natural history of the Bolivian endemic titi monkeys, Plecturocebus olallae and Plecturocebus modestus, to promote their conservation. We assessed the students’ ability to retain new information and their understanding of biodiversity through pre- and post-questionnaires, finding an improvement in the knowledge about these two endemic primates from pre- to post-talk assessments, as well as an increase in their awareness about local efforts to preserve biodiversity between outreach campaigns. We also found signals of appropriate experiential learning on wildlife value and its relationship with human activities. Additional outreach work across two decades resulted in important achievements that reflect positive attitudinal changes in favour of the endemic primates and biodiversity, with a remarkable involvement of local people. In this way, we show how outreach work can promote important local support for biodiversity conservation, how primates can act as flagship species, and the need to reinforce knowledge acquisition and learning processes to consolidate conservation actions in the long-term.
Make Art, Not War
Authors: Emmrich Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This essay critically examines Peter Sloterdijk’s Zorn und Zeit. Politisch-psychologischer Versuch (Rage and Time. A Psychopolitical Investigation) and his attempt to rehabilitate a culture of thymos, i.e. a culture of self-confidence and self-assertion, whose emotional agent Sloterdijk sees in rage. As an alternative to Achilles’ rage in Homer’s Iliad, Sloterdijk’s ancient reference, I will propose Ovid’s Metamorphoses as another literary origin of thymos. Against this background, I aim to defend the legitimacy of thymos, but to give it a different profile than Sloterdijk does, namely that of a creative and culturally productive energy that dismantles the tradition of warlike heroism and is pacifist at its core.
Nous and Divinity in Aristotle’s Metaphysics Lambda
Authors: Laurens Hannah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aristotle’s divine nous of Metaphysics Λ.9 is generally understood to exclusively characterise the Prime Mover-God. This paper challenges this view by (1) drawing out the strong congruity between our ‘best state’ and that of the Prime Mover in Λ.7 and (2) removing certain key obstacles to a more inclusive reading of Λ.9: our thought is not limited to the ‘human’ kind (ho anthrōpinos nous, 1075a7), nor is our self-knowledge always a ‘by-product’ (en parergōi, 1074b36). Noēsis noēseōs, I contend, equally applies to some forms of our thought. Hence, divine thought is accessible—indeed, even commendable—to us, just as the ‘divine life’ of Nicomachean Ethics X.7 is.
Age estimation in tortoises: an evaluation of methods for the spur-thighed tortoise (Testudo graeca)
Authors: Vlad Sabina E. , Stănescu Florina , Cogălniceanu Dan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Age and growth-related parameters provide a better understanding of life-history adaptations and trade-offs and can be studied in the wild through capture-mark-recapture (CMR) or sclerochronology (i.e., skeletochronology and counting growth marks on hard structures). In chelonians, skeletochronology is limited to carcasses, CMR is limited by time and funding constraints, but counting shell growth annuli (SGA count) is a cheaper and faster alternative. A long-term CMR study in Testudo graeca from south-eastern Romania allowed us to compare the age estimated by the two sclerochronology methods using carcasses, and calibrate the results with data obtained from recaptured tortoises. We found that the accuracy of SGA counts significantly decreased with time (i.e., years between captures and older individuals). Skeletochronology showed the best results with long bones (i.e., ulna, radius, femur), but overall underestimated the age when compared to SGA counts; we obtained comparable results from these two methods in tortoises up to 17 years old. The oldest age estimated by skeletochronology alone was 28 years, 30 years by SGA counts, and 40 years by SGA counts when calibrated by CMR. The growth models using age estimations from both skeletochronology and SGA counts were similar, highlighting their usefulness in monitoring growth trajectories. Our study showed that while age estimation in tortoises is challenging, a combination of methods can improve its accuracy.
Weak males do not work hard: Reproductive investment of deficient male fiddler crabs, Austruca lactea
Authors: Wakabayashi Toshimasa , Muramatsu Daisuke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In iteroparous animals, it may be adaptive to adjust the amount of reproductive investment based on their current competitive ability. Male fiddler crabs use an enlarged major claw for claw-waving display in the breeding season. Males sometimes lose their claws, but they can regenerate a claw, which is an inferior weapon for male-male fights. Here, we compared the waving frequency between males with a regenerated claw (regenerated males) and with an original claw (original males) to examine the differences in the amount of reproductive investment. Regenerated males showed lower waving frequency than original males, but some regenerate males waved frequently before the optimal mating season where original males waved frequently. These results indicate that individuals with poor fighting ability that have lower chance of acquiring females invested less in waving, and may also have shifted their peak of mating period in order to avoid competition with original males.
Impact of Solidago gigantea invasion on nematode communities in grasslands
Authors: Jakubcsiková Michaela , Demková Lenka , Renčo Marek , Čerevková Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Solidago gigantea is one of the most problematic species of invasive plants in Europe, where its rapid spread threatens the stability of ecosystems. The effect of invasion by S. gigantea on soil ecosystems and food webs can be evaluated using nematode communities as suitable and useful soil bioindicators. We compared the effect of S. gigantea on nematode communities in plots invaded with S. gigantea and non-invaded grasslands across three sites with varying soil and climatic conditions. Our findings indicated that invasion by S. gigantea did not strongly affect nematode taxonomic diversity but negatively affected functional diversity. This effect was evident in the increased abundance of bacterivore and fungivore nematodes and decrease in values of ecological and functional indices. The evaluation of the soil food web using nematode communities confirmed that soil in plots with S. gigantea were less mature and more disturbed with a degraded or depleted food web indicated by lower values of maturity, enrichment and structure indices, compared with non-invaded grasslands. On the other hand, taxonomic diversity, abundance, biomass and the functional indices differed between three study sites, but site had little or no effect on the values of the maturity indices. The interaction between site and invasion status confirmed the effect of invasion on nematode biomass, with the abundance of bacterivore and fungivore nematodes and the functional indices more prominent at sites characterised by cold and humid climates. These findings underscore the importance of considering both taxonomic and functional diversity and the characteristics of the plants and sites when evaluating the impact of plant invasion on soil biota.
Occurrence and diversity of the entomopathogenic nematode Oscheius myriophilus (Nematoda: Rhabditida) in the Italian outbreak area of Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Santoiemma Giacomo , Glazer Itamar , Battisti Andrea , Bianchi Alessandro , Fanelli Elena , Mori Nicola , Sacchi Stefano , Tarasco Eustachio , Troccoli Alberto , De Luca Francesca 
Published: July 2024

Summary
The genus Oscheius includes species with different habits and some of them have been shown to kill some insect pests. The occurrence of Oscheius in hay meadow soils from the area recently invaded by the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica in Lombardy, Italy, has been surveyed. Oscheius myriophilus was detected at five out of 18 sites resulting positive to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), either alone or together with other genera of EPN, indicating a widespread occurrence. The morphological analysis of the strains retrieved showed that they are morphologically in agreement with those of the type population and with other populations recently described. The phylogenetic analysis supported the sub-grouping of all sequences of O. myriophilus from Lombardy with those present in the databases and a close relationship with O. safricana was observed. The capacity to kill the laboratory host Galleria mellonella was similar to that observed in a previous study related to isolates from P. japonica, although O. myriophilus did not cause significant mortality in laboratory trials with the invasive beetles. The isolates of O. myriophilus from Lombardy were characterised in relation to their infectivity to G. mellonella and response to environmental stress, such as heat tolerance and desiccation. Overall, O. myriophilus appears to be an important component of the EPN community of hay meadow soil in Lombardy and might play a role in the containment of the invasive P. japonica.
Socio-ecological Factors Associated with Preventive Behavior against COVID-19 in Ethiopia
Authors: Engdawork Kibur , Amdework Ezana , Assefa Samuel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Understanding factors influencing the adoption of preventive behaviors is crucial in pandemic prevention and control. This study employs the social-ecological model to examine the determinants of preventive actions against COVID-19 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data from a household survey were analyzed using a linear regression model. The findings indicate a moderate level of preventive behavior adoption among residents. Interpersonal behavior, community norms, and organizational-level factors are identified as significant predictors, while personal and demographic factors have little influence. These results highlight the need for context-specific health interventions, addressing social and structural aspects, to effectively combat COVID-19 in Addis Ababa and similar low- and middle-income settings.
Understanding Left-Behind Places in a Contrastive Approach
Authors: Sandu Dumitru 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
How are left-behind places in a country compared to other types of places in an Eastern European country? A typology of local human development is designed and tested for the case of the Romanian society. The United Nations model of human development (structured by the three dimensions of education, economic development and health) is adapted to the local level and two contrasting measures are designed – an index and a typology of local human development. The typology resulted from a cluster analysis. It is validated by bi-variate and multivariate analysis (multinomial regression). High emigration rates, irrespective of the destination, do not bring lower development to the local origin in Romania: the destination of migration counts. There is a higher probability, in 2018, of left-behindness in localities with a higher number of emigrants to Italy in the years preceding 2011. Human development is highly differentiated by destination countries of emigration and by historical subregions. It is especially for such contexts that the quantitative approach could be misleading. Public policy targets could be better identified if qualitative and quantitative approaches are simultaneously used. The proposed approach could be adopted by keeping the same dimensions and measuring them by available and appropriate indicators.
Unpacking Pertinent States of Stigma and Stigmatization Associated with COVID-19 in Eclectic Contexts: a Review of the Literature
Authors: Kang’ethe Simon Murote 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Incontrovertibly, stigma and its concomitant stigmatization continue to derail the efficacy of the campaign to subdue stigma that negatively affects people’s health-seeking behavior. This is because they are engulfed with fear, despondency, shame, and guilt. The current article, through a literature review methodology, discusses pertinent states of stigma and stigmatization associated with COVID-19 in eclectic contexts, but with more focus directed to Sub-Saharan Africa. Findings indicate that COVID-19 is associated with stigma and stigmatization: fear of contagion; hatred and maltreatment meted out against health professionals; a lack or unavailability of the vaccines and concerns for their efficacy; and mythical and fallacious environments. The article recommends that for effective de-stigmatization of COVID-19, societies need to explore how stigma is caused. The governments and other COVID-19 campaign authorities must work synergistically to control, regulate, and streamline the information dissemination process so that it is bereft of ambiguities, myths, and mistruths surrounding COVID-19.
Not Your Good Germans: Holocaust Memory, Anti-Fascism, and the Anti-Zionism of the Jewish New Left
Authors: Balthaser Benjamin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
It is often assumed that the 1967 Arab–Israeli War and the emergence of Black Power engendered a split between Jews and the New Left. Some understand the rise of Holocaust memory in the late 1960s as an expression of Jewish nationalism, while others locate increased public expression of Holocaust memory within the context of a late 1960s Jewish revival. Either way, both narratives assume the tension between left-wing Jews and Black Power and anti-imperialism, and locate a new American Jewish commonsense of Jewish nationalism abroad and a quickening of Jewish identity politics at home. Yet most prominent Jewish radicals of the 1960s and early 1970s – from Abbie Hoffman to David Gilbert – did not agree. Not only did much of the Jewish New Left in organisations such as SDS and the SWP continue to back the anti-Zionist BPP, many deployed Holocaust and Red Scare memory to formulate their revolutionary global politics.