bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors and mediators of work-related stress among Hong Kong police officers: a quantitative secondary survey data analysis
Authors: Cheung Yuen-kiu , Li Jessica C.M. , Zhu Shimin 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe aim of this study is to examine predictors and mediators of work-related stress among Hong Kong police officers.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative secondary survey data were used, based on surveys collected from 335 police officers in Hong Kong between May and June in 2020.FindingsIt was found that operational stressors were directly and positively related to work-related stress among Hong Kong police officers. The more the operational stressors, the more the work-related stress. It was also found that internal procedural justice had an indirect effect on work-related stress via work engagement among Hong Kong police officers. More internal procedural justice fostered an increased work engagement, causing less work-related stress.Research limitations/implicationsGiven that the nature of secondary cross-sectional survey data, causal relationships are difficult to make.Originality/valueResults from this study contribute to the expansion of the job demands-resources model (the JD-R model). This study used structural equation modelling (SEM) for quantitative secondary survey data analysis, providing a more accurate understanding of this topic. This study provides insights into how to formulate relevant measures to reduce work-related stress in policing occupation.
An extended TOE framework for local government technology adoption for citizen participation: insights for city digital twins for collaborative planning
Authors: Adade David , de Vries Walter Timo 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to understand and explain factors that influence how, when and under which conditions local governments adopt digital technologies for citizen collaboration. It discusses what these findings mean for city digital twin adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses the systematic literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) process to collect and evaluate evidence needed to answer the research questions. It uses the technology–organisation–environment (TOE) framework and proposes an additional dimension: “stakeholders” as the analytical framework.

Findings
Critical influential factors identified include the technology dimension: security and privacy; organisation dimension: top management support; environment dimension: political influence; and stakeholders’ dimension: technological experience.

Research limitations/implications
This research extends the TOE framework and comprehensively analyses those factors which relate to citizens but significantly impact local government’s decision to adopt digital tools for collaboration purposes. This research posits that in the context of local government technology adoption for collaboration, both the organisation and stakeholders’ dimensions are critical.

Social implications
This research contributes to the government-citizen discourse and provides a constructive understanding of technological transformation in collaborative planning. The findings are helpful for local governments, researchers and geospatial industries as they offer a critical understanding of digital technology adoption, particularly city digital twins, for collaborative planning.

Originality/value
This study extends the TOE framework to include aspects relating to citizens. It provides a nuanced understanding of the influential factors and intricacies of technology adoption by local governments for citizen collaboration. It also discusses relevant issues of city digital twins’ adoption by local governments for citizen participation.
Analysis of the privacy‐performance tradeoff of reference testing in Forensic Investigative Genetic Genealogy
Authors: Hu Yuchen , Wein Lawrence M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDuring an investigation using Forensic Investigative Genetic Genealogy, which is a novel approach for solving violent crimes and identifying human remains, reference testing—when law enforcement requests a DNA sample from a person in a partially constructed family tree—is sometimes used when an investigation has stalled. Because the people considered for a reference test have not opted in to allow law enforcement to use their DNA profile in this way, reference testing is viewed by many as an invasion of privacy and by some as unethical. We generalize an existing mathematical optimization model of the genealogy process by incorporating the option of reference testing. Using simulated versions of 17 DNA Doe Project cases, we find that reference testing can solve cases more quickly (although many reference tests are required to substantially hasten the investigative process), but only rarely (<1%) solves cases that cannot otherwise be solved. Through a mixture of mathematical and computational analysis, we find that the most desirable people to test are at the bottom of a path descending from an ancestral couple that is most likely to be related to the target. We also characterize the rare cases where reference testing is necessary for solving the case: when there is only one descending path from an ancestral couple, which precludes the possibility of identifying an intersection (e.g., marriage) between two descendants of two different ancestral couples.
A nuclease domain fused to the Snf2 helicase confers antiphage defence in coral‐associated Halomonas meridiana
Authors: Liu Tianlang , Gao Xinyu , Chen Ran , Tang Kaihao , Liu Ziyao , Wang Pengxia , Wang Xiaoxue 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe coral reef microbiome plays a vital role in the health and resilience of reefs. Previous studies have examined phage therapy for coral pathogens and for modifying the coral reef microbiome, but defence systems against coral‐associated bacteria have received limited attention. Phage defence systems play a crucial role in helping bacteria fight phage infections. In this study, we characterized a new defence system, Hma (HmaA‐HmaB‐HmaC), in the coral‐associated Halomonas meridiana derived from the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis. The Swi2/Snf2 helicase HmaA with a C‐terminal nuclease domain exhibits antiviral activity against Escherichia phage T4. Mutation analysis revealed the nickase activity of the nuclease domain (belonging to PDD/EXK superfamily) of HmaA is essential in phage defence. Additionally, HmaA homologues are present in ~1000 bacterial and archaeal genomes. The high frequency of HmaA helicase in Halomonas strains indicates the widespread presence of these phage defence systems, while the insertion of defence genes in the hma region confirms the existence of a defence gene insertion hotspot. These findings offer insights into the diversity of phage defence systems in coral‐associated bacteria and these diverse defence systems can be further applied into designing probiotics with high‐phage resistance.
Fast mvSLOUCH: Multivariate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck‐based models of trait evolution on large phylogenies
Authors: Bartoszek Krzysztof , Tredgett Clarke John , Fuentes‐González Jesualdo , Mitov Venelin , Pienaar Jason , Piwczyński Marcin , Puchałka Radosław , Spalik Krzysztof , Voje Kjetil Lysne 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The PCMBase R package is a powerful computational tool that enables efficient calculations of likelihoods for a wide range of phylogenetic Gaussian models.

Taking advantage of it, we redesigned the R package mvSLOUCH.

Here, we demonstrate how the new version of the package can be used to thoroughly examine the evolution and adaptation of traits in a large dataset of 1252 vascular plants through the use of multivariate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes.

The results of our analysis demonstrate the ability of the modelling framework to distinguish between various alternative hypotheses regarding the evolution of functional traits in angiosperms.
PGD: Shared gene linking polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer, influencing proliferation and migration through glycometabolism
Authors: Chen Jia‐ming , Chen Wei‐Hong , Wang Zhi‐yi , Zhou Liang‐Yu , Lin Qiu‐ya , Huang Qiao‐yi , Zheng Ling‐tao , You Hui‐jie , Lin Shu , Shi Qi‐yang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe relationship among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometrial cancer (EC), and glycometabolism remains unclear. We explored shared genes between PCOS and EC, using bioinformatics to unveil their pathogenic connection and influence on EC prognosis. Gene Expression Omnibus datasets GSE226146 (PCOS) and GSE196033 (EC) were used. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify the central genes. Candidate markers were screened using dataset GSE54250. Differences in marker expression were confirmed in mouse PCOS and human EC tissues using RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. The effect of PGD on EC proliferation and migration was explored using Ki‐67 and Transwell assays. PGD's impact on the glycometabolic pathway within carbon metabolism was assessed by quantifying glucose content and lactic acid production. R software identified 31 common genes in GSE226146 and GSE196033. Gene Ontology functional classification revealed enrichment in the “purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolism process,” with key Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways related to “carbon metabolism.” The PPI network identified 15 hub genes. HK2, NDUFS8, PHGDH, PGD, and SMAD3 were confirmed as candidate markers. The RT‐PCR analysis validated distinct HK2 and PGD expression patterns in mouse PCOS ovarian tissue and human EC tissue, as well as in normal and EC cells. Transfection experiments with Ishikawa cells further confirmed PGD's influence on cell proliferation and migration. Suppression of PGD expression impeded glycometabolism within the carbon metabolism of EC cells, suggesting PGD as a significant PCOS risk factor impacting EC proliferation and migration through modulation of single carbon metabolism. These findings highlight PGD's pivotal role in EC onset and prognosis.
Smell loss is associated with cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
Authors: Huang Xin , Wu Jieying , Zhang Nan , Teng Jinghong , Yang Qiong , Zhang Yingshuang , Yin Tielun , Zhou Wen , Fan Dongsheng , Ye Shan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSmell loss significantly impacts the quality of life in patients. However, there is limited research on smell loss in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and the correlation between smell loss and cognitive impairment is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between smell loss and cognition impairment in ALS patients.MethodsThe study included 216 ALS patients. The Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen (ECAS) and smell identification test specifically for the Chinese population (CSIT) were administered to evaluate participants' cognitive and olfactory function, respectively.ResultsAfter covarying for age, sex, BMI, education level, degree of hunger, dietary bias, eagerness for food, stress, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) or rhinitis, CSIT scores were significantly correlated with ECAS scores (r = 0.162, p = 0.028), especially the ALS‐specific scores (r = 0.158, p = 0.031). Even after excluding patients with URTI or rhinitis, the results were similar. CSIT scores were significantly correlated with ECAS scores (r = 0.224, p = 0.011), especially the ALS‐specific scores (r = 0.205, p = 0.019).ConclusionIn patients with ALS, smell loss is significantly correlated with cognitive impairment, particularly frontotemporal dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction may lead to worse olfactory performance in ALS patients.
Outcomes with low dose anti‐thymocyte globulin based graft versus host disease prophylaxis after mismatched unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Chalchal Hafsah , Dhir Vinita , Masurekar Ashish , Atkins Harold , Bredeson Christopher , Kennah Michael , Kekre Natasha , Allan David , Vasudevan Nampoothiri Ram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG) based graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis is widely used for mismatched unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) although optimal dose remains unclear. Although recent literature suggested improved outcomes with PTCy‐based regimens when compared to ATG‐based regimens these studies used doses of ATG ≥5 mg/kg. Thus, we analyzed outcomes of HLA 9/10 MMUD allogeneic HCTs using lower‐dose ATG‐based regimens at our center.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed outcomes of HLA 9/10 MMUD allogeneic HCTs using lower dose ATG‐based regimens for all adults undergoing allogeneic HCT at The Ottawa Hospital from 2015 to 2022. Data regarding demographics, conditioning regimen, dose of ATG, rates of GVHD, duration of remission, and survival, were collected and analyzed.ResultsSeventy‐seven (n = 77) patients (males 62.3%; median age 50 years) underwent allogeneic HCT from MMUD. Majority(81%; n = 63) received 2.5 mg/kg of rabbit ATG and remaining 18.2% (n = 14) received 4.5 mg/kg. Grade II‐IV acute GVHD occurred in 24.7% (n = 19) while any chronic GVHD occurred in 32.5% (n = 25) patients. After a median follow‐up of 21 months, relapse occurred in 28.6% of patients. Two‐year OS, GRFS, CIR, and NRM were 60.6%, 45.3%, 16.9%, and 18.2% respectively. Dose of ATG (2.5 mg/kg vs. 4.5 mg/kg) was not associated with outcomes in either univariate or multivariate analyses.ConclusionsWhen compared to published studies using ATG doses ≥5 mg/kg, GVHD prophylaxis using lower dose ATG may potentially lead to improved outcomes in patients undergoing MMUD allogeneic HCT. Further studies are needed to directly compare lower dose ATG to PTCy‐based regimens to determine ideal GVHD prophylaxis for these patients.
Treatment response amplitude and timing in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with routine care: Study of a UK cohort
Authors: Rajabally Yusuf A. , Min Young Gi , Nazeer Kabir K. , Englezou Christina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeThe amplitude, timing, and determinants of improvement with available treatments are uncertain in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Our primary objective was to quantify categorized outcomes with routine care.MethodsWe retrospectively studied treatment response within 36 months from initiation in 112 consecutive subjects with CIDP. Response was classified into a proposed new "CIDP treatment‐response category" (CT‐RC), based on achieved endpoints. Determinants of the CT‐RC, of timing of maximum improvement, and of treatment discontinuation were ascertained.ResultsThe CT‐RC demonstrated high concurrent validity with current outcome measures. Thirty‐six subjects (32.1%) achieved a “complete response,” 37 (33%) a “good partial response,” 10 (8.9%) a “moderate partial response,” and 15 (13.4%) a “poor partial response.” Fourteen subjects (12.5%) were “nonresponsive.” The CT‐RC was independently predicted only by age. Mean time to maximum improvement was 12.1 months (range = 1–36) and was not associated with any pretreatment covariate. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 24 of 62 (38.2%) partial responders and was only associated with shorter pretreatment disease duration. Nonresponders were older and received a similar number of treatments compared to responders.ConclusionsCT‐RC classification indicates persistent disability in >60% of treatment responders in CIDP. Timing of maximum improvement is variable, frequently delayed, and unpredictable. Treatment withdrawal without deterioration is achievable in approximately 40% of subjects and may be more likely with prompt treatment. Treatment withdrawal in partial responders and limited escalation in nonresponders suggest implication of physician‐ and patient‐related factors in suboptimal response. More effective treatments/treatment methods and better understanding of other factors influencing response are needed in CIDP.
An EEMD‐LSTM, SVR, and BP decomposition ensemble model for steel future prices forecasting
Authors: Wu Sen , Wang Wei , Song Yanan , Liu Shuaiqi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe forecasting of steel futures prices is important for the steel futures market, even for the steel industry. We propose a decomposition ensemble model that incorporates the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Back Propagation (BP) neural network to forecast steel futures prices. The forecasting procedures are as follows: (1) The price data are initially decomposed into several relatively independent Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) and a residue using EEMD. (2) The IMFs are then reconstructed as components representing short‐term, medium‐term, and long‐term frequencies via fine‐to‐coarse. (3) LSTM, SVR, and BP neural network are utilized to forecast the short‐term, medium‐term, and long‐term reconstructed components, respectively. (4) The prediction results for each component are simply added to the final prediction results. The accuracy of the proposed model is compared with several benchmark models by experiments and evaluated by some prediction evaluation indexes. The experimental results show that our model outperforms other models in terms of forecast accuracy, confirming its strong predictive capabilities. This study provides some suggestions for investment and decision making by participants in the steel futures market. It may promote the smooth operation of the steel futures market and shed some light on the operation of the steel industry.
Functional and structural neuroretinal disorders in HIV Controllers. Prospective cohort study
Authors: Ruiz‐Bilbao Susana , Videla Sebastian , Pascual Ester , Soler Montse , Jordi Puig , Grizolli Stefano , Negredo Eugènia , Castellvi‐Manent Jordi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence and cumulative incidence of neuro‐retinal‐disorders (NRD) in HIV‐controllers.DesignProspective, single‐centre, cohort study of people living with HIV (PLWH): elite‐controllers, long‐term‐non‐progressors and early diagnosed.MethodsThe study compared “HIV‐controllers” (including elite‐controllers and long‐term‐non‐progressors), who were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and “HIV‐treatment” (HIV‐infected subjects with a recent diagnosis and on ART). A matched cohort of “non‐HIV subjects” was created. NRD was defined as at least one altered (not normal) ophthalmological parameter (functional or structural). Functional (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, chromatic vision, visual field) and structural parameters (ganglion cells, macular nerve fibre layer, peripapillary nerve fibre layers, vascular calibre) as well as quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study‐HIV Short Form‐30) were assessed.ResultsBetween March 2012 and November 2015, the study included all HIV‐controllers (16 elite‐controllers, 1 long‐term‐non‐progressor), 11 HIV‐treatment and 16 non‐HIV. Prevalence of NRD at baseline was 88.2% (15/17, 95% CI: 65.7%–96.7%), 90.9% (10/11, 95% CI: 62.3%–98.4%) and 56.3% (9/16, 95% CI: 33.2%–76.9%), respectively. Cumulative incidence at 3 years was 50% (1/2), 100% (1/1) and 33.3% (2/6), respectively. None of the participants manifested ocular clinical symptoms. Three years later, prevalence of NRD was 92.3% (12/13, 95% CI: 66.7%–98.6%), 75% (6/8, 95% CI: 40.9%–92.9%) and 50.0% (7/14, 95% CI: 26.8%–73.2%), respectively. Contrast sensitivity and structural parameters were globally the most affected among PLWH. Quality of life (total score) [median (interquartile range)] at baseline and 3 years was 82 (71–89) and 74 (63.5–79.25) in HIV‐controllers and 80 (73–88) and 88 (83–92) in HIV‐treatment.ConclusionsHIV‐controllers and those individuals on ART presented a higher percentage of NRD than non‐HIV. Our results suggest that NRD could be a biomarker of ocular aging among PLWH.
Variability in the Timing of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemics in Guatemala, 2008–2018
Authors: Hamid Sarah , Grajeda Laura M. , de Leon Oscar , Lopez Maria Renee , Maldonado Herberth , Gomez Ana Beatriz , Lopman Benjamin , Clasen Thomas F. , McCracken John P. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe description of local seasonality patterns in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) incidence is important to guide the timing of administration of RSV immunization products.MethodsWe characterized RSV seasonality in Guatemala using the moving epidemic method (MEM) with absolute counts of RSV‐associated acute respiratory infections (ARI) from hospital surveillance in Santa Rosa and Quetzaltenango departments of Guatemala.ResultsFrom Week 17 of 2008 through Week 16 of 2018, 8487 ARI cases tested positive for RSV by rRT‐PCR. Season onsets varied up to 5 months; early seasons starting in late May to early August and finishing in September to November were most common, but late seasons starting in October to November and finishing in March to April were also observed. Both epidemic patterns had similar durations ranging from 4 to 6 months. Epidemic thresholds (the levels of virus activity that signal the onset and end of a seasonal epidemic) calculated prospectively using previous seasons' data captured between 70% and 99% of annual RSV detections. Onset weeks differed by 2–10 weeks, and offset weeks differed by 2–16 weeks between the two surveillance sites.ConclusionsVariability in the timing of seasonal RSV epidemics in Guatemala demonstrates the difficulty in precisely predicting the timing of seasonal RSV epidemics based on onset weeks from past seasons and suggests that maximal reduction in RSV disease burden would be achieved through year‐round vaccination and immunoprophylaxis administration to at‐risk infants.
Exploring the nature of peer feedback: An epistemic network analysis approach
Authors: Viberg Olga , Baars Martine , Mello Rafael Ferreira , Weerheim Niels , Spikol Daniel , Bogdan Cristian , Gasevic Dragan , Paas Fred 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground StudyPeer feedback has been used as an effective instructional strategy to enhance students' learning in higher education.ObjectivesThis paper reports on the findings of an explorative study that aimed to increase our understanding of the nature and role of peer feedback in the students' learning process in a computer‐supported collaborative learning (CSCL) setting. Exploring what types of feedback are used, and how they relate to each other and are related to academic performance has important implications for students and teachers.MethodsThis study was conducted in the higher education setting. It used a dataset consisting of student peer feedback messages (N = 2444) and grades from 231 students who participated in a large engineering course. Using qualitative methods, peer feedback was coded inductively. Epistemic network analysis (ENA) was used to analyse the relation between peer feedback types and performance.ResultsBased on the five types of peer feedback (i.e., ‘management’, ‘cognition’ ‘affect’, ‘interpersonal factors’ and ‘suggestions for improvements’), the results of the ENA showed that student feedback categories ‘management’, ‘cognition’ and ‘affect’ were positively related to student performance at the formative assessment phase.ConclusionsThe findings and the ENA visualizations also show that ‘suggestions for improvement’ and ‘interpersonal factors’ were not a significant part of student learning in peer assessment and feedback in the studied context.