bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Atg9 phosphorylation sites regulate autophagic trafficking in glia
Authors: Wang Linfang , Yi Shuanglong , Zhang Shiping , Tsai Yu-ting , Wang Honglei , Ho Margaret S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe previously identified a role for dAuxilin (dAux), the fly homolog of Cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK), in glial autophagy contributing to Parkinson’s disease (PD). To further dissect the mechanism, we present evidence here that lack of glial dAux enhanced the phosphorylation of the autophagy-related protein Atg9 at two newly identified threonine residues, T62 and T69. Enhanced Atg9 phosphorylation in the absence of glial dAux is potentially regulated through the master autophagy regulator Atg1, as the presence of which is required for Atg9 to interact with dAux in an otherwise separate condition. The enhanced Atg9 phosphorylation promotes autophagosome formation and Atg9 trafficking to the autophagosomes in glia. Whereas the expression of the non-phosphorylatable Atg9 variants suppresses the lack of dAux-induced increase in both autophagosome formation and Atg9 trafficking to autophagosome, the expression of the phophomimetic Atg9 variants restores the lack of Atg1-induced decrease in both events. Notably, Atg9 phosphorylation at T62 and T69 contributes to DA neurodegeneration and locomotor dysfunction implicated in PD. Thus, we have identified a dAux-Atg1-Atg9 axis relaying signals through the Atg9 phosphorylation at T62 and T69; these findings further elaborate the mechanism of dAux regulating glial autophagy and highlight the significance of protein degradation pathway in glia contributing to PD.
Retinal bipolar cells borrow excitability from electrically coupled inhibitory interneurons to amplify excitatory synaptic transmission
Authors: Yadav Shubhash Chandra , Ganzen Logan , Nawy Scott , Kramer Richard H 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBipolar cells of the retina carry visual information from photoreceptors in the outer retina to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the inner retina. Bipolar cells express L-type voltage-gated Ca2+channels at the synaptic terminal, but generally lack other types of channels capable of regenerative activity. As a result, the flow of information from outer to inner retina along bipolar cell processes is generally passive in nature, with no opportunity for signal boost or amplification along the way. Here we report the surprising discovery that blocking voltage-gated Na+channels profoundly reduces the synaptic output of one class of bipolar cell, the type 6 ON bipolar cell (CBC6), despite the fact that the CBC6 itself does not express voltage-gated Na+channels. Instead, CBC6 borrows voltage-gated Na+channels from its neighbor, the inhibitory AII amacrine cell, with whom it is connected via an electrical synapse. Thus, an inhibitory neuron aids in amplification of an excitatory signal as it moves through the retina, ensuring that small changes in the membrane potential of bipolar cells are reliably passed onto downstream RGCs.
Transcriptomic responses of gecarcinid land crabs to acute and prolonged desiccation stress
Authors: Watson-Zink Victoria M. , Grosberg Richard K. , Lai Joelle C.Y. , Bay Rachael A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDecapod crabs have repeatedly and convergently colonized land. Because of their aquatic ancestry, desiccation is their greatest physiological challenge, yet the genetic basis of their responses to desiccation are unknown. For this study, we sought to identify osmoregulatory genes that were differentially expressed in their antennal glands and posterior gills in response to desiccation stress. We dehydrated and tracked gene expression across three confamilial species displaying increasing degrees of terrestrial adaptation:Tuerkayana celeste,T. magna, andGecarcoidea natalis. We observed acute dramatic upregulation in the posterior gills ofT. celesteandG. natalisand a more muted response inT. magna; however some genes with known osmoregulatory functions were downregulated throughout the trial. We also found that some modules of orthologous genes with correlated expression were associated with greater degrees of terrestriality whereas others reflected shared ancestry, suggesting that different parts of the transcriptome are under varying degrees of terrestrial selective pressure. Finally, while differentially expressed genes were likely to be conserved across the three species, genes from expanded gene families and species-specific genes may also play a role in how land crabs adapt to the unique selective challenges that accompany a terrestrial life.
Relationship between acute SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance with Long COVID Symptoms: a cohort study
Authors: Herbert Carly , Antar Annukka A.R. , Broach John , Wright Colton , Stamegna Pamela , Luzuriaga Katherine , Hafer Nathaniel , McManus David D , Manabe Yukari C , Soni Apurv 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics during acute infection and the development of long COVID is largely unknown.MethodsA total of 7361 asymptomatic community-dwelling people enrolled in the Test Us at Home parent study between October 2021 and February 2022. Participants self-collected anterior nasal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing every 24-48 hours for 10-14 days, regardless of symptom or infection status. Participants who had no history of COVID-19 at enrollment and who were subsequently found to have ≥1 positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test during the parent study were recontacted in August 2023 and asked whether they had experienced long COVID, defined as the development of new symptoms lasting 3 months or longer following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participant’s cycle threshold values were converted into viral loads, and slopes of viral clearance were modeled using post-nadir viral loads. Using a log binomial model with the modeled slopes as the exposure, we calculated the relative risk of subsequently developing long COVID with 1-2 symptoms, 3-4 symptoms, or 5+ symptoms, adjusting for age, number of symptoms, and SARS-CoV-2 variant. Adjusted relative risk (aRR) of individual long COVID symptoms based on viral clearance was also calculated.Results172 participants were eligible for analyses, and 59 (34.3%) reported experiencing long COVID. The risk of long COVID with 3-4 symptoms and 5+ symptoms increased by 2.44 times (aRR: 2.44; 95% CI: 0.88-6.82) and 4.97 times (aRR: 4.97; 95% CI: 1.90-13.0) per viral load slope-unit increase, respectively. Participants who developed long COVID had significantly longer times from peak viral load to viral clearance during acute disease than those who never developed long COVID (8.65 [95% CI: 8.28-9.01] vs. 10.0 [95% CI: 9.25-10.8]). The slope of viral clearance was significantly positively associated with long COVID symptoms of fatigue (aRR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.22-6.69), brain fog (aRR: 4.94; 95% CI: 2.21-11.0), shortness of breath (aRR: 5.05; 95% CI: 1.24-20.6), and gastrointestinal symptoms (aRR: 5.46; 95% CI: 1.54-19.3).DiscussionWe observed that longer time from peak viral load to viral RNA clearance during acute COVID-19 was associated with an increased risk of developing long COVID. Further, slower clearance rates were associated with greater number of symptoms of long COVID. These findings suggest that early viral-host dynamics are mechanistically important in the subsequent development of long COVID.
Early and accurate prediction of COVID-19 hospitalization risk and symptomatic course of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Holetschek Corinna , Goekkaya Mehmet , Dorgham Karim , Eder Paul , Luschkova Daria , Parizot Christophe , Tekinsoy Mehmet , Rauer Denise , Samri Assia ,   Early-Opt-COVID19 study group, Reiger Matthias , Hammel Gertrud , Steininger Philipp , Gilles Stefanie , Protzer Ulrike , Römmele Christoph , Gorochov Guy , Traidl-Hoffmann Claudia , Neumann Avidan U. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhilst SARS-CoV-2 infection has become endemic, COVID-19 related hospitalization and mortality are still considerably high. Both anti-viral and immune modulating therapies against COVID-19 are available, but they must be initiated early after infection and given only to patients of need. Currently, patients’ demographics and clinical pre-conditions factors are used to determine treatment eligibility. However, the latter do not provide accurate prediction and there are no useful biomarkers for early accurate prediction of COVID-19 related hospitalization risk and disease progression.MethodsNon-vaccinated patients (N=185) were recruited early after the first positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Biochemistry, hematology and 8 serum cytokine levels were longitudinally measured within the first month.FindingsEarly levels of LDH, IL-6 or CRP, each alone or their combinations, were identified as accurate predictors for the risk of hospitalization (sensitivity=93.6-100%, specificity=93.4-96.7%, p<0.0001). Moreover, the combination of 4 cytokines (IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A) was the only accurate predictor for symptoms risk (sensitivity=97.5%, specificity=92.3%, p<0.0001). In comparison, age and BMI showed significantly lower predictive values than above biomarkers. Prediction with above biomarkers was independent of sampling time (0-11 days post symptoms onset), age, gender, BMI, clinical pre-conditions or SARS-CoV-2 variant. Furthermore, the early higher levels of LDH, CRP and inflammatory cytokines in hospitalized, as compared to non-hospitalized, patients, stayed consistently higher for at least 4 weeks.InterpretationThe risk for COVID-19 hospitalization or symptoms can be accurately predicted as early as the time of the first positive SARS-CoV-2 test, with biomarkers that are feasibly measurable at point-of-testing. These findings could allow for better early personalized treatment and optimization of clinical management of COVID-19 patients.
Whole-body PET imaging of SIV using anti-Env probes fails to reveal regions of specific uptake in rhesus macaques
Authors: Srinivasula Sharat , Kim Insook , Jang Hyukjin , Degrange Paula , Brown Heather , Dalton Viviana , Badralmaa Yunden , Natarajan Ven , Long Brad , Carrasquillo Jorge A. , Di Mascio Michele 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFollowing the initial reports demonstrating the feasibility of immunoPET imaging of SIV using anti-Env monoclonal antibodies in non-human primates, replication efforts of the imaging system in HIV-infected individuals have yielded conflicting results. Herein, we used89Zr-7D3 and89Zr- ITS103.01LS-F(ab’)2, two anti-gp120 antibodies for immunoPET imaging of SIV in n=20 rhesus macaques. Despite their demonstrated nanomolar affinity and strong binding specificity to SIV gp120 cell lines, we observed no discernible differences in their binding in primary cells, tissue sections of secondary lymphoid organs,in-vivoprobe uptake between SIVmac-infected and uninfected macaques, orex-vivovalidation necropsies. While the probes remained stablein-vivo, only89Zr-ITS103.01LS-F(ab’)2in chronic plasma retained its binding specificity to SIV gp120, with89Zr-7D3 experiencing a >97% reduction in binding to gp120 due to competition from endogenous antibodies at the 7D3 binding site. The overall absence of specific uptake suggests inadequate binding potential (ligand affinity x target molarity) for these probes to effectively image SIV or HIVin-vivo, warranting further investigation into the lack of reproducibility observed with earlier non-human primate SIV imaging and conflicting human studies.
Integrating Gene Expression Analysis and Ecophysiological Responses to Water Deficit in Leaves of Tomato Plants
Authors: Bortolami G , de Werk T , Larter M , Thonglim A , Mueller-Roeber B , Balazadeh S. , Lens F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSoil water deficit (WD) is one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting plant survival and crop yield. Despite its economic relevance, many gaps remain in our understanding of how crops respond to WD, especially concerning the synergistic coordination of molecular and ecophysiological adaptations delaying plant damage and mortality. In this study, we investigated the gene expression imposed by a progressive WD and combined it with measurements pointing to key ecophysiological thresholds in leaves of tomato plants. We uncovered the transcriptomic changes in mature leaves at four stages defined by physiological markers relating to different WD intensities: partial stomatal closure, complete stomatal closure, after leaf wilting, and beginning of embolism development in the veins. By identifying key transcription factors (TFs) across these progressively worsening WD stages, we investigated the timing and impact of ABA-(in)dependent gene regulatory pathways during WD. In addition, we compared the transcriptome in young developing versus mature leaves and explored the physiological mechanisms that may explain the higher tolerance to dehydration in younger leaves. By correlating the transcriptomic changes to precise ecophysiological measurements, the combined dataset will serve as a framework for future studies comparing leaf molecular and physiological responses to WD at specific intensities.HighlightIntegrated ecophysiological and gene expression analyses identify key mechanisms underlying the different thresholds of tomato responses to water deficit
Determinants of exchange rate threshold effect on economic growth. Evidence from Ghana
Authors: Awadzie David Mensah , Attah-Botchwey Edward , Mawudor Bright Gabriel 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe exchange rate is an important driver of a country’s economic growth, influencing trade, investment, inflation, and employment. This study’s main objective was to investigate the threshold effects of exchange rates on economic growth.Design/methodology/approachIn this research, innovative endogenous threshold autoregressive (TAR) models introduced by Hansen (2000) are employed for estimation and inference. The dataset comprises secondary annual time series data from Ghana, covering thirty-one years from 1990 to 2021. Economic growth is represented by GDPPC, with the growth exchange rate serving as the crucial threshold variable.FindingsThe finding suggests a single exchange rate threshold for Ghana, indicating a nonlinear relationship with economic growth. However, above 8.97%, the exchange rate considerably slows growth, harming the economy. The exchange rate negatively influences growth in both low and high-exchange-rate regimes, but it is insignificant in the high regime. In addition, inflation has a significant negative influence on growth in the low regime but a positive impact on the high regime. In contrast, interest rates positively impact growth in both regimes, though not as significantly in the high regime.Practical implicationsThe findings from this study offer valuable insights to the Ghanaian government and policymakers as they consider choosing an exchange rate target that helps minimise the negative impact of a high exchange rate to promote economic growth.Originality/valueThis paper is remarkable for being one of the few studies that have explored the relationship between exchange rates and economic growth, exploring the threshold effect.
Happiness or not? Impacts of multi-stage consumption on the consumer affective response in the use of aesthetic foods
Authors: Chou Yu-Jen , Huang Li-Shia , Ye Shu-Jyun 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis study examines the influence of Centrality of Visual Product Aesthetics (CVPA) on multi-stage food consumption and emotions under aesthetic disruption, assessing how CVPA affects consumption and whether food aesthetics moderate these behaviours and emotional responses.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using qualitative interviews and quantitative experimental designs, employing a moderated mediation model for statistical analysis.FindingsConsumers with higher CVPA are more likely to adopt multi-stage consumption for higher aesthetic food, generating greater positive emotions, both in personal experiences and when viewing food bloggers' posts.Originality/valueThis study introduces the novel concept of “multi-stage consumption” and investigates its origins and outcomes.
Silent ripples: negative CSR associations' impact in non-crisis situations
Authors: Moon Bitt , Choi Chang-Won , Kim Eugene 
Published: July 2024

PurposeA total of 478 Americans participated in an online survey. Each participant was asked to answer questions about a company randomly assigned from one of 36 companies representing six industries.Design/methodology/approachThis study aims to explain how corporate social responsibility (CSR) and negative corporate ability (CA) associations lead to negative word-of-mouth (WOM) intentions in non-crisis situations. Specifically, this study investigates the mediating roles of revenge and avoidance motives in the relationship between negative CSR and CA associations and the intention to generate negative WOM.FindingsThe findings indicate that negative CSR associations have a greater effect on WOM than negative CA associations. Moreover, negative CSR associations stimulate the revenge motive, resulting in stronger intentions to spread negative information, while negative CA associations lead to the avoidance motive, resulting in weaker intentions to spread negative information.Originality/valueUnlike most previous studies that focused on crises, this study examines how negative CA and CSR associations influence negative WOM in non-crisis situations, shedding light on the roles of motives including the revenge and avoidance. The research fills a gap in the existing literature by demonstrating that negative CSR associations have a greater impact on negative WOM intentions than negative CA associations in non-crisis situations.
Aerospace supply chains using blockchain technology: implications for sustainable development goals
Authors: Ibrahim Azian , Fernando Yudi , Shaharudin Muhammad Shabir , Ganesan Yuvaraj , Ahmad Noor Hazlina , Amran Azlan , Lee Khai Loon 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
The interconnectedness of supply chain processes in the aerospace industry requires companies to operate with excellence and the ability to provide robust technologies such as blockchain technology (BCT) to aid supply chain productivity. This paper aims to examine the existing practices of aerospace supply chain management, identify how BCT is used in the aerospace supply chain and whether it affects environmental sustainability.

Design/methodology/approach
The qualitative research approach was used, and an online interview with informants was undertaken to collect data.

Findings
The findings demonstrate that BCT has a diverse function in achieving sustainable development goals.

Practical implications
The manufacturing sector can be strengthened by successfully deploying BCT in aerospace supply chain management. It contributes to achieving sustainable development objectives by introducing transparency to the system and bolstering market position. BCT enables organisations to gain a competitive edge by attaining innovative operational excellence in the face of the complexity of the supply chain environment.

Originality/value
The findings can serve as a guide for anticipating the effectiveness of BCT in aerospace supply chain management.
ESG dynamics in real estate: temporal patterns and financial implications for REITs returns
Authors: Morri Giacomo , Dipierri Anna , Colantoni Federico 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the dynamic relationship between ESG scores and REITS returns. The overarching goal is to provide a better understanding of how ESG considerations impact financial performance across different temporal contexts.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 175 European Equity REITs, this analysis combines numerical ESG scores with the Fama-French model, employing both random and fixed effects methods. It integrates individual REIT data and the HESGL (High ESG Scores Minus Low ESG Scores) factors to assess their impact on REIT returns.FindingsThe findings highlight divergent patterns between the numerical ESG score and the HESGL factor concerning REIT returns. While the numerical ESG score displays a negative impact in later periods, the HESGL factor demonstrates a positive effect during prosperous times but loses significance during crises.Originality/valueThis research contributes original insights by emphasizing the importance of temporal segmentation in understanding the nuanced and evolving nature of the relationship between ESG scores and REITs’ returns. The study provides a comprehensive analysis and highlights divergent outcomes that are essential for a better interpretation of ESG impacts on real estate investments.
Supply chain 5.0 digitalization: an integrated approach for risk assessment
Authors: Zekhnini Kamar , Chaouni Benabdellah Abla , Bag Surajit , Gupta Shivam 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis article aims to assess risks related to the supply chain 5.0 digitalization. It aims to analyze interdependencies and causal relationships between critical digital supply chain 5.0 risks, emphasizing the need for proactive management to address emerging challenges.Design/methodology/approachThrough an extensive literature review and expert judgment, risks related to supply chain 5.0 digitalization are identified. An integrated approach for risk assessment is employed, where the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is utilized to prioritize these risks. Subsequently, the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method is employed to investigate cause-and-effect relationships among the identified top 10 risks. This comprehensive analysis forms the basis for informed strategic management decision-making.FindingsThe analysis identifies significant influences of “Dependence on technology,” “Complexity”, “Potential system failures”, and “Cyber security” while “Environmental impact” and “Socio-economic disparities” emerge as prominent risks in supply chain 5.0 digitalization. These findings offer actionable insights for management decision-making, guiding the formulation of strategies to address and mitigate critical risks.Practical implicationsThe proposed integrated approach (AHP-DEMATEL) provides valuable insights for managers to effectively mitigate digital supply chain 5.0 risks and strategically respond to disruptions. By prioritizing risks, organizations can allocate resources efficiently and address the most critical challenges first, minimizing long-term damage to resilience. Embracing this approach enables practitioners to enhance overall supply chain resilience, guiding key management decisions for the development of sustainable and adaptive strategies.Originality/valueThis paper marks the first comprehensive attempt to assess supply chain 5.0 digitalization risks using decision-making methods like AHP and DEMATEL. The integrated approach contributes novel insights to the field of supply chain risk management, specifically aiding management decision-making in the face of digitalization challenges.