bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors in recurrent metastatic cancer of the head and neck
Authors: Misiukiewicz Krzysztof , Dang Rajan P. , Parides Michael , Camille Nadia , Uczkowski Helen , Sarlis Nicholas J. , Posner Marshall 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTargeted therapy has become an important new class of therapeutic agents used in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Among them epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors have been studied the most. Today, two classes of EGFR inhibitors are routinely used in the clinic; anti‐EGFR monoclonal antibodies and small‐molecule inhibitors of the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity. These agents have been used clinically in the recurrent metastatic (R/M) settings but only cetuximab has reached a regulatory approval. Current research is focused on innovative compound design, predictive biomarker discovery, and combination strategies in order to overcome resistance. Efforts should also be focused on endpoints other than overall survival, which is the current gold standard, such as surrogate endpoints. This article summarizes the clinical evidence of the anticancer activity of EGFR inhibitors in patients with R/M SCCHN, and analyzes the current, controversial clinical issues with respect to their interpretation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2221–E2228, 2016
Improved survival of older patients with multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents
Authors: Mey Ulrich J. M. , Leitner Christoph , Driessen Christoph , Cathomas Richard , Klingbiel Dirk , Hitz Felicitas 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is the most common hematologic malignancy in Europe. Although remaining an incurable disease, substantial progress has been made within the last two decades. However, until recently, improvement in overall survival (OS) was only documented in younger, transplant‐eligible patients. In this analysis, we retrospectively investigated the outcome of older patients with newly diagnosed MM in an unselected patient population with a special focus on the use of novel agents in a routine care community‐based, non‐university setting. A total of 107 patients older than 65 years of age or patients aged 60–65 years with relevant comorbidities precluding the use of autologous stem cell transplantation diagnosed with MM between 2000 and 2011 at the two largest non‐university hospitals of Eastern Switzerland were analyzed. Patients were grouped into two six‐year periods by date of initial diagnosis, 2000–2005 and 2006–2011. The median follow‐up was 6.9 (range of 2.1 to 9.4) years. The median OS for the entire cohort was 3.0 years (95% confidence interval, 2.4–4.4). The median OS was significantly longer for patients in the 2006–2011 group (4.3 years) compared with the 2000–2005 group (2.6 years, p = 0.04). The 5‐year estimated OS improved from 26% to 38%; 1‐year survival was similar in both groups (86% in the 2000–2005 group and 84% in the 2006–2011 group respectively). The use of novel agents showed a statistically significant correlation with OS, whereas the impact of age was only of borderline significance. In conclusion, we demonstrate improved OS outcomes in an unselected population of older patients with MM during the last decade. This improvement is associated with an increased use of novel agents for the treatment of transplant‐ineligible MM patients in daily clinical practice. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
in vitro development of bioimplants made up of elastomeric scaffolds with peptide gel filling seeded with human subcutaneous adipose tissue‐derived progenitor cells
Authors: Castells‐Sala Cristina , Martínez‐Ramos Cristina , Vallés‐Lluch Ana , Monleón Pradas Manuel , Semino Carlos 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMyocardial tissue lacks the ability to regenerate itself significantly following a myocardial infarction. Thus, new strategies that could compensate this lack are of high interest. Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) strategies are a relatively new approach that aims to compensate the tissue loss using combination of biomaterials, cells and bioactive molecules. The goal of the present study was to evaluate cell survival and growth, seeding capacity and cellular phenotype maintenance of subcutaneous adipose tissue‐derived progenitor cells in a new synthetic biomaterial scaffold platform. Specifically, here we tested the effect of the RAD16‐I peptide gel in microporous poly(ethyl acrylate) polymers using two‐dimensional PEA films as controls. Results showed optimal cell adhesion efficiency and growth in the polymers coated with the self‐assembling peptide RAD16‐I. Importantly, subATDPCs seeded into microporous PEA scaffolds coated with RAD16‐I maintained its phenotype and were able to migrate outwards the bioactive patch, hopefully toward the infarcted area once implanted. These data suggest that this bioimplant (scaffold/RAD16‐I/cells) can be suitable for further in vivo implantation with the aim to improve the function of affected tissue after myocardial infarction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 3419–3430, 2015.
Parthenolide reduces empty lacunae and osteoclastic bone surface resorption induced by polyethylene particles in a murine calvarial model of peri‐implant osteolysis
Authors: Zawawi Muhamad S. F. , Marino Victor , Perilli Egon , Cantley Melissa D. , Xu Jiake , Purdue P. Edward , Dharmapatni Anak A. S. S. K. , Haynes David R. , Crotti Tania N. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe study aimed to determine the effects of parthenolide (PAR) on bone volume (BV) and bone surface resorption as assessed by live‐animal microcomputed tomography (μCT) and possible osteocyte death as indicated by empty lacunae histologically in polyethylene (PE) particle‐induced calvarial osteolysis in mice. Baseline μCT scans were conducted 7 days preimplantation of 2 × 108 PE particles/mL over the calvariae (day 0). PAR at 1 mg/kg/day was subcutaneously injected on days 0, 4, 7, and 10. At day 14, BV and surface resorption was analyzed with μCT. Calvarial tissue was processed for histomorphometric osteocyte evaluation. Serum was analyzed for type‐1 carboxy‐terminal collagen crosslinks (CTX‐1) and osteoclast associated receptor (OSCAR) levels by ELISA. PE significantly decreased BV (p = 0.0368), increased surface bone resorption area (p = 0.0022), and increased the percentage of empty lacunae (p = 0.0043). Interestingly, PAR significantly reduced the resorption surface area (p = 0.0022) and the percentage of empty osteocyte lacunae (p = 0.0087) in the PE‐calvariae, but it did not affect BV, serum CTX‐1 or OSCAR levels. The ability of PAR to inhibit PE‐induced surface bone erosion may better reflect the in vivo situation, where bone resorption occurs on the surface at the bone‐implant interface and may also be related to the role of osteocytes in this pathology. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 3572–3579, 2015.
Revised Japanese guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis 2015: revised concepts and updated points
Authors: Isaji Shuji , Takada Tadahiro , Mayumi Toshihiro , Yoshida Masahiro , Wada Keita , Yokoe Masamichi , Itoi Takao , Gabata Toshifumi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundTaking together the recent dramatic changes of the revised Atlanta classification and evidence newly obtained such as the role of step‐up approach for necrotizing pancreatitis, the revision committee of the Japanese (JPN) Guidelines 2015 was prompted to perform an extensive revision of the guidelines.MethodsThe JPN Guidelines 2015 was compared to the former edition 2010, and revision concepts and major revision points were reviewed. We compared the JPN 2015 with the other two guidelines, International Association of Pancreatology (IAP)/American Pancreas Association (APA) 2013 and American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) 2013, in order to clarify the distinct points.ResultsThe meta‐analysis team conducted a new meta‐analysis of four subjects that have been associated with conflicting results. It is apparent that the revised guidelines have been created more systematically and more objectively. As of antibiotics prophylaxis, its use in early phase (within 72 h of onset) for severe acute pancreatitis is recommended in JPN 2015 according to the results of original meta‐analysis, whereas the other two guidelines do not recommend its routine use. An approach and management of local complications in necrotizing pancreatitis including infected necrosis are almost similar in the three guidelines. JPN 2015 alone emphasizes the implementation of the pancreatitis bundles that specify the management and treatment within the first 48 h after the onset of severe acute pancreatitis.ConclusionThe JPN Guidelines 2015 prove to be the highest quality in terms of systematic literature review conducting original analyses by the meta‐analysis team, determining the grading of recommendations and providing pancreatitis bundles.
Development of Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Cut‐off Scores for Patients With Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wyman‐Chick Kathryn A. , Scott BJ 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore validity of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) in measuring cognitive impairment among individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). The scale was created for use in patients with Alzheimer's disease, and, to date, there have been no published studies examining whether this tool is appropriate for patients with PD.MethodsThe data were obtained from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database and included 490 subjects diagnosed with PD, further categorized as having PD dementia (n = 151), mild cognitive impairment (n = 186), or normal cognition (n = 153) by a treating physician. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for the CDR Scale Global Score as well as the Sum of Boxes Score using existing cut‐off scores. Finally, new cut‐off scores were calculated using sensitivity and specificity values derived using receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsSensitivity and specificity of the published Global Score cut‐off scores for patients with dementia were 0.34 and 0.10, respectively. The newly calculated cut‐off scores for patients with dementia yielded a sensitivity of 0.79 and a specificity of 0.96. The area under the curve was 0.92 (95% confidence interval = 0.90–0.95).ConclusionThe CDR is a useful tool in identifying dementia in patients with PD when the cut‐off scores are adjusted.
A molecular dynamics simulation study of sucking a single polymer chain into nanopores: blockage and memory effects
Authors: Li Ziqi , Guo Hongxia 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe transport of single polymer chains through nanopores is a fundamental biological process and has many potential applications in biotechnologies. The flow‐induced translocation of a single polymer chain cross a nanopore in a fluidic channel is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations with dissipative particle dynamics thermostat. The results show that the scaling exponent for a polymer chain length‐dependent average translocation time changes from 1.19 to 1.37 when the flux increases. By evaluating the blockage behavior in the entrance of the narrow part of the fluidic channel it is further found that the relatively long‐range backward correlated motions are markedly restrained and the average size of memory effect clusters changes from 6–8 beads to 4 beads when the flux is enhanced. This change indicates that the relatively long‐range memory effect is progressively replaced by a more local memory effect and the extra factors for the control of flow‐driven translocation dynamics such as the entropy barrier, viscous drag force and imbalance of chain tension would act in conjunction with each other to varying degrees depending on the magnitude of the flux strength. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Jay Forrester's operational approach to economics
Authors: Saeed Khalid 
Published: April 2015

AbstractJay Forrester's models evoke an operational approach to understanding economic behavior and managing economic systems. They build on managerial roles, not rational agency embedded in mainstream models of economic theory. Forrester's models can therefore be easily tied to policies that relate to everyday decisions. His writings provide deep insights that can be effectively applied to managing firms, regions, nations and the global economic system. This paper discusses Forrester's approach to addressing economic problems, and how it calls for rethinking the practice of economics. Copyright © 2015 System Dynamics Society
Genomic microarray in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency and normal karyotype: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Grande M. , Jansen F. A. R. , Blumenfeld Y. J. , Fisher A. , Odibo A. O. , Haak M. C. , Borrell A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the incremental yield of detecting copy number variants (CNVs) by genomic microarray over karyotyping in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT) diagnosed by first‐trimester ultrasound.MethodsThis was a systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA criteria. We searched PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE and Web of Science for studies published between January 2009 and January 2015 that described CNVs in fetuses with increased NT, usually defined as ≥  3.5 mm, and normal karyotype. Search terms included: fetal or prenatal, nuchal translucency or cystic hygroma or ultrasound anomaly, array comparative genomic hybridization or copy number variants, with related search terms. Risk differences were pooled to estimate the overall and stratified microarray incremental yield using RevMan. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Quality Assessment tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS‐2) checklist.ResultsSeventeen studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Meta‐analysis indicated an incremental yield of 5.0% (95% CI, 2.0–8.0%) for the detection of CNVs using microarray when pooling results. Stratified analysis of microarray results demonstrated a 4.0% (95% CI, 2.0–7.0%) incremental yield in cases of isolated NT and 7.0% (95% CI, 2.0–12.0%) when other malformations were present. The most common pathogenic CNVs reported were 22q11.2 deletion, 22q11.2 duplication, 10q26.12q26.3 deletion and 12q21q22 deletion. The pooled prevalence for variants of uncertain significance was 1%.ConclusionThe use of genomic microarray provides a 5.0% incremental yield of detecting CNVs in fetuses with increased NT and normal karyotype. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Use of non-conventional yeast improves the wine aroma profile of Ribolla Gialla
Authors: Dashko Sofia , Zhou Nerve , Tinta Tinkara , Sivilotti Paolo , Lemut Melita Sternad , Trost Kajetan , Gamero Amparo , Boekhout Teun , Butinar Lorena , Vrhovsek Urska , Piskur Jure 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Consumer wine preferences are changing rapidly towards exotic flavours and tastes. In this work, we tested five non-conventional yeast strains for their potential to improve Ribolla Gialla wine quality. These strains were previously selected from numerous yeasts interesting as food production candidates. Sequential fermentation of Ribolla Gialla grape juice with the addition of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae T73 Lalvin industrial strain was performed. Zygosaccharomyces kombuchaensis CBS8849 and Kazachstania gamospora CBS10400 demonstrated positive organoleptic properties and suitable fermentation dynamics, rapid sugar consumption and industrial strain compatibility. At the same time, Torulaspora microellipsoides CBS6641, Dekkera bruxellensis CBS2796 and Dekkera anomala CBS77 were unsuitable for wine production because of poor fermentation dynamics, inefficient sugar consumption and ethanol production levels and major organoleptic defects. Thus, we selected strains of K. gamospora and Z. kombuchaensis that significantly improved the usually plain taste of Ribolla wine by providing additional aromatic complexity in a controlled and reproducible manner.
Secondary NAD+ deficiency in the inherited defect of glutamine synthetase
Authors: Hu Liyan , Ibrahim Khalid , Stucki Martin , Frapolli Michele , Shahbeck Noora , Chaudhry Farrukh A. , Görg Boris , Häussinger Dieter , Penberthy W. Todd , Ben‐Omran Tawfeg , Häberle Johannes 
Published: April 2015

AbstractGlutamine synthetase (GS) deficiency is an ultra‐rare inborn error of amino acid metabolism that has been described in only three patients so far. The disease is characterized by neonatal onset of severe encephalopathy, low levels of glutamine in blood and cerebrospinal fluid, chronic moderate hyperammonemia, and an overall poor prognosis in the absence of an effective treatment. Recently, enteral glutamine supplementation was shown to be a safe and effective therapy for this disease but there are no data available on the long‐term effects of this intervention. The amino acid glutamine, severely lacking in this disorder, is central to many metabolic pathways in the human organism and is involved in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) starting from tryptophan or niacin as nicotinate, but not nicotinamide. Using fibroblasts, leukocytes, and immortalized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) from a patient carrying a GLUL gene point mutation associated with impaired GS activity, we tested whether glutamine deficiency in this patient results in NAD+ depletion and whether it can be rescued by supplementation with glutamine, nicotinamide or nicotinate. The present study shows that congenital GS deficiency is associated with NAD+ depletion in fibroblasts, leukocytes and PBSC, which may contribute to the severe clinical phenotype of the disease. Furthermore, it shows that NAD+ depletion can be rescued by nicotinamide supplementation in fibroblasts and leukocytes, which may open up potential therapeutic options for the treatment of this disorder.
Noninvasive reconstruction of cardiac electrical activity: update on current methods, applications and challenges
Authors: Cluitmans M.J.M. , Peeters R.L.M. , Westra R.L. , Volders P.G.A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Electrical activity at the level of the heart muscle can be noninvasively reconstructed from body-surface electrocardiograms (ECGs) and patient-specific torso-heart geometry. This modality, coined electrocardiographic imaging, could fill the gap between the noninvasive (low-resolution) 12-lead ECG and invasive (high-resolution) electrophysiology studies. Much progress has been made to establish electrocardiographic imaging, and clinical studies appear with increasing frequency. However, many assumptions and model choices are involved in its execution, and only limited validation has been performed. In this article, we will discuss the technical details, clinical applications and current limitations of commonly used methods in electrocardiographic imaging. It is important for clinicians to realise the influence of certain assumptions and model choices for correct and careful interpretation of the results. This, in combination with more extensive validation, will allow for exploitation of the full potential of noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging as a powerful clinical tool to expedite diagnosis, guide therapy and improve risk stratification.
Preventing Cryptococcosis—Shifting the Paradigm in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Meya David , Rajasingham Radha , Nalintya Elizabeth , Tenforde Mark , Jarvis Joseph N 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where it causes up to 20 % of AIDS-related deaths in HIV programs. A new, highly sensitive, and affordable point of care diagnostic test for cryptococcal infection, the lateral flow assay, can detect early sub-clinical cryptococcosis especially in areas with limited laboratory infrastructure. With a prevalence of detectable sub-clinical cryptococcal infection averaging 7.2 % (95 % CI 6.8–7.6 %) among 36 cohorts with CD4 <100 cells/μL in Africa, together with data showing that preemptive fluconazole prevents overt cryptococcal disease in this population, implementing a screen and treat strategy as part of HIV care practice among patients with CD4 <100 cells/μL could prevent the incidence of often fatal cryptococcal meningitis in the setting of the HIV pandemic.
Colon perforation after esophagogastroduodenoscopy in an asymptomatic diverticulitis patient
Authors: Huang Li‐Wen , Lin Chun‐Che , Chen Tan‐Hsia , Lee Hsiang‐Lin , Tsia Chung‐Hung 
Published: April 2015

SummaryEsophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is regarded as a relatively safe procedure; however, it carries a very low incidence of severe adverse events. Perforation is a rare complication of EGD, and it may further lead to pneumoperitoneum or pneumoretroperitoneum. The occurrence of large bowel perforation after EGD is extremely rare, and it has never been reported in the international literature. Herein, we present a case of concurrence of pneumoperitoneum and pneumoretroperitoneum as a result of sigmoid perforation after EGD. In our case, the probable mechanism of the perforation may have stemmed from the excessive inflation of air that passed through the gastrointestinal tract to the sigmoid colon, causing the increased intraluminal pressure, and then prompting a healed asymptomatic diverticulitis leak again.
Gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma: A case report and review of current literature
Authors: Wong Ming‐Wun , Chen Ming‐Jen , Chen Chih‐Jen , Hung Chien‐Yuan , Wang Horng‐Yuan , Chang Ching‐Wei 
Published: April 2015

SummaryGallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by the simultaneous presence of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. There is little information about the clinical behavior and optimal treatment for these tumors. The current study examines the case of a 52‐year‐old female patient who presented with postprandial epigastric pain that had persisted for 1 year. A diagnosis of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma was confirmed by pathology after radical resection. Peritoneal metastasis occurred 3 months later, and the patient died 6 months after diagnosis. This study found that the prognosis of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma is poor even after curative resection and there is as yet no known effective adjuvant therapy.
Heat transfer mechanisms of a vapour bubble growing at a wall in saturated upward flow
Authors: Baltis C. H. M. , van der Geld C. W. M. 
Published: April 2015

The aim of this study is to provide a better insight into the heat transfer mechanisms involved in single bubble growth in forced convection. In a set-up with vertical upflow of demineralized water under saturation conditions special bubble generators (BGs) were embedded at various positions in the plane wall. Power to a BG, local mean wall temperature and high-speed camera recordings from two viewing angles were measured synchronously. An accurate contour analysis is applied to reconstruct the instantaneous three-dimensional bubble volume. Interface topology changes of a vapour bubble growing at a plane wall have been found to be dictated by the rapid growth and by fluctuations in pressure, velocity and temperature in the approaching fluid flow. The camera images have shown a clear dry spot under the bubbles on the heater surface. A micro-layer under the bubble is experimentally shown to exist when the bubble pins to the wall surface and is therefore dependent on roughness and homogeneity of the wall. The ratio of heat extracted from the wall to the total heat required for evaporation was found to be around 30 % at most and to be independent of the bulk liquid flow rate and heat provided by the wall. When the bulk liquid is locally superheated this ratio was found to decrease to 20 %. Heat transfer to the bubble is also initially controlled by diffusion and is unaffected by the convection of the bulk liquid.