bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food safety agencies’ challenge: Is social media the definitive communicative solution?
Authors: Lozano Natàlia , Lores Mònica 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article offers an approach to how food safety agencies are adapting their communication strategies to social media. Mass media has been largely used by public health communicators to promote health risks and benefits of food products since the 1970s. These practices have caused frequent clashes between scientists and journalists as a result of different priorities and working logics of the two communities. However, the emergence of Web 2.0 and social media has lead to the democratization of the communicative process. They have given food safety agencies the opportunity to promote health risk and benefits directly to citizens without the help of the media. In particular, message adaptability and rapid environment have been identified as the two main advantages of social media for public health communicators. Nonetheless, it is wrong to consider that social media is a definitive solution to end the public food agencies’ historic communicative problem.
Primary issues with secondary orality
Authors: Nayar Sheila J. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article examines two of Walter Ong’s signature concepts in culture and communication theory: secondary orality and residual orality. The author argues that these two concepts, as deployed today by many scholars in discussions of electronic and digital media, are highly problematic. Stemming from the author’s study of a particular region and contingent of humankind that was not on Ong’s cultural radar, the article attempts to demonstrate why scholars need to reflect further on these definitional models and argues for a more supple comprehension and application of the terms.
Walter Ong in the present moment of truth
Authors: Troup Calvin L. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In The Presence of the Word (1967), Walter J. Ong provides a phenomenological account of human decision-making based on principles of orality. In his discussion, he considers the radically existential resonance of the familiar phrase ‘the moment of truth’ as a uniquely human event uniting human will and judgment in a decisive moment of thought and speech in action. This article explores the ground of Ong’s account in his work on orality, presence and personalism related to his Christian commitments to Incarnation as a personal union of time and eternity.
Walter Ong and Harold Bloom can help us understand the Hebrew Bible
Authors: Farrell Thomas J. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Certain observations made by Harold Bloom regarding the Hebrew Bible can be considered in the framework of Walter Ong’s multivariate account of western cultural history, including his own discussion of aspects of the Hebrew Bible. By doing this, I create a win-win situation. On the one hand, I use Ong’s various observations to deepen and strengthen Bloom’s observations regarding the Hebrew Bible. On the other hand, I use Bloom’s most pointed observations to deepen and strengthen some of Ong’s larger considerations.
Home is where the brain wires: Technology, fixity and adaptation
Authors: Van Den Eede Yoni 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article reworks the concept of ‘home’ in the light of everyday technology and media use, recombining central ideas from phenomenology, media ecology and neuroscience. First, fundamental concepts in the works of Martin Heidegger and Marshall McLuhan are reinterpreted. Second, these ideas are updated by coupling them to recent research in neuroscience. Third, in a synthesizing movement, the notion of ‘home’ is reformulated starting from these reinterpretations. From this new perspective, it appears no longer to be a concept merely bound to place or space. It is a fundamental way of interacting through and with (technological) environments that resonates throughout the breadth of existence: a dynamic or dialectic between stasis and change, fixity and adaptation.
Memory and morality
Authors: Schaefer Richard 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
It has long been recognized that the Holocaust poses special challenges. On the one hand, historical research has accumulated a detailed and penetrating account of the events. On the other hand, efforts at understanding and commemorating these events transcend professional history and take shape in the public sphere. In the public sphere, however, memory of the Holocaust is shaped just as much by art and by fiction as by history. The influence of films on the Holocaust is especially important in this context to the extent that audiences take them to be, if not true, ultimately realistic depictions of past experience. This article challenges the notion that the memory of the Holocaust is best served by the effort to recreate experience, and argues that there are deeply moral implications of how the present uses its past.
Adipose tissue inflammation and cancer cachexia: the role of steroid hormones
Authors: Seelaender Marilia C.L. , Batista Miguel Luiz 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Adipose tissue inflammation plays a role in the etiology of many chronic diseases, and has been the focus of much attention in the context of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Similarly, during cancer cachexia, a syndrome that markedly increases cancer-associated morbidity and mortality, local adipose inflammation is reported in animal models and in patients, potentially contributing to the chronic systemic inflammation that constitutes the hallmark of this condition. We discuss, on the basis of information generated by obesity-related studies, the possible relation between adipose tissue inflammation and compromised steroid hormone secretion and action in cachexia.
Joking in the face of death: A terror management approach to humor production
Authors: Long Christopher R. , Greenwood Dara N. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractTerror management theory has spawned a body of experimental research documenting a multitude of defensive responses to mortality salience manipulations (e.g., rigid adherence to dominant cultural values, self-esteem bolstering). Another substantive body of work suggests that humor functions as a natural and often effective means of down-regulating stressful or traumatic experiences. Integrating a terror management paradigm with a cartoon captioning task, the present study finds that participants subliminally primed with death wrote funnier captions than those primed with pain, as judged by outside raters. Interestingly, a reverse pattern was obtained for participants' own ratings of their captions; explicitly death-primed participants rated themselves more successful at generating humorous captions than their pain-primed counterparts, while no significant difference emerged between the two subliminal priming conditions. Findings contribute new insights to recent research suggesting that death reminders may sometimes facilitate creativity and open-mindedness.
Humor styles, risk perceptions, and risky behavioral choices in college students
Authors: Cann Arnie , Cann Adam T. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSense of humor has been identified as a possible factor that leads to riskier behavioral choices, which could, in turn, contribute to health problems and reduced longevity. In previous studies, sense of humor was viewed as a one-dimensional, positive personal quality: the potential impact of maladaptive styles of humor was not acknowledged. The current study assesses both adaptive and maladaptive humor styles and relates them to perceived risk, and to the performance of risky behavior. The results do not support the suggestion that a sense of humor – when considered as a cheerful, carefree, and optimistic orientation – is related to assessments of risk or risky choices. Although humor
Breast Cancer Multifocality and Multicentricity and Locoregional Recurrence
Authors: Lynch Siobhan P. , Lei Xiudong , Hsu Limin , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Buchholz Thomas A. , Zhang Hong , Hortobágyi Gabriel N. , Gonzalez-Angulo Ana M. , Valero Vicente 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background.
The impact of multifocal (MF) or multicentric (MC) breast cancer on locoregional (LR) control rates is unknown.

Methods.
MF was defined as two or more separate invasive tumors in the same quadrant of the breast. MC was defined as two or more separate invasive tumors occupying more than one quadrant of the same breast. Patients were categorized by LR treatment: breast conservation therapy (BCT; n = 256), mastectomy (n = 466), or mastectomy plus postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT; n = 184). All patients with MC disease had mastectomy (10 patients treated with BCT for MC disease were excluded). The Kaplan-Meier product limit method was used to calculate 5-year LR control rate. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine independent associations of multifocality or multicentricity with LR control.

Results.
A total of 906 patients had either MF disease (n = 673) or MC disease (n = 233). With median follow-up of 52 months, the 5-year LR control rate was 99% for MF, 96% for MC, and 98% for unifocal tumors (p = .44). Subset analysis revealed no difference in LR control regardless of the LR treatment (p = .67 for BCT, p = .37 for mastectomy, p = .29 for mastectomy plus PMRT). There were five in-breast recurrences after BCT in the MF group. MF and MC did not have an independent impact on LR control rate on multivariate analysis.

Conclusion.
MF and MC disease are not independent risk factors for LR recurrence. Patients with MF and MC breast cancer had rates of LR control similar to those of their unifocal counterparts. These data suggest that BCT is a safe option for patients with MF tumors and that MF or MC disease alone is not an indication for PMRT.
Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Thresholds of the Fasting Plasma Glucose Test to Identify the Target Population for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention in Adults Aged ≥45 Years
Authors: Zhuo Xiaohui , Zhang Ping , Kahn Henry S. , Gregg Edward W. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVEThe study objective was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of alternative fasting plasma glucose (FPG) thresholds to identify adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes for diabetes preventive intervention.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe used a validated simulation model to examine the change in lifetime quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and medical costs when the FPG threshold was progressively lowered in 5-mg/dL decrements from 120 to 90 mg/dL. The study sample includes nondiabetic adults aged ≥45 years in the United States using 2006–2010 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. High-risk individuals were assumed to receive a lifestyle intervention, as that used in the Diabetes Prevention Program. We calculated cost per QALY by dividing the incremental cost by incremental QALY when lowering the threshold to the next consecutive level. Medical costs were assessed from a health care system perspective. We conducted univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results using different simulation scenarios and parameters.RESULTSProgressively lowering the FPG threshold would monotonically increase QALYs, cost, and cost per QALY. Reducing (in 5-mg/dL decrements) the threshold from 120 to 90 mg/dL cost $30,100, $32,900, $42,300, $60,700, $81,800, and $115,800 per QALY gained, respectively. The costs per QALY gained were lower for all thresholds under a lower-cost and less-effective intervention scenario.CONCLUSIONSLowering the FPG threshold leads to a greater health benefit of diabetes prevention but reduces the cost-effectiveness. Using the conventional benchmark of $50,000 per QALY, a threshold of 105 mg/dL or higher would be cost effective. A lower threshold could be selected if the intervention cost could be lowered.
β-Cell Function Improvements in Grade I/II Obese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes 1 Month After Biliopancreatic Diversion
Authors: Junqueira Vasques Ana Carolina , Pareja José Carlos , de Oliveira Maria da Saude , Satake Novaes Fernanda , Miranda de Oliveira Lima Marcelo , Chaim Élinton A. , Piccinini Francesca , Dalla Man Chiara , Cobelli Claudio , Geloneze Bruno 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) surgery on β-cell function in grade I and II obese patients with type 2 diabetes using oral and intravenous glucose loads.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Sixty-eight women were divided into the following three groups: 19 lean-control (23.0 ± 2.2 kg/m2) and 18 obese-control (35.0 ± 4.8 kg/m2) subjects with normal glucose tolerance, and 31 obese patients with type 2 diabetes (36.3 ± 3.7 kg/m2). Of the 31 diabetic women, 64% underwent BPD (n = 20, BMI: 36.5 ± 3.7 kg/m2) and were reassessed 1 month after surgery. Oral glucose tolerance tests and hyperglycemic clamps were performed. Mathematical modeling was used to analyze basal and stimulated β-cell function, insulin sensitivity (IS), hepatic extraction (HE) of insulin, and delay time of β-cell response to a specific plasma glucose concentration.

RESULTS
After BPD, restoration of the basal disposition index (P &lt; 0.001) and improvement of the stimulated disposition indices in oral and intravenous glucose stimulation of the β-cell were observed (P &lt; 0.05). In both dynamic tests, there were no changes in the delay time of β-cell response. IS for oral glucose stimulation (ISoral) and intravenous clamp glucose stimulation (ISclamp) was completely normalized (P &lt; 0.001). ISoral and ISclamp increased approximately 5.0-fold and 3.5-fold, respectively (P &lt; 0.01). The HE of insulin increased in the basal (P &lt; 0.05) and stimulated states (P &lt; 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
β-Cell function, IS, and HE of insulin improved after BPD, which improved glycemic control.
Effects of nest characteristics and black rat Rattus rattus predation on daily survival rates of great egret Ardea alba nests in mangrove forest in the Hara Biosphere Reserve, the Persian Gulf
Authors: Neinavaz Elnaz , Barati Ahmad , Brown Jessi L. , Etezadifar Farzaneh , Emami Besat 
Published: October 2013

We estimated variations in breeding parameters and daily survival rates (DSR) of nests of the great egret Ardea alba during 2008‐2009 in the Hara Biosphere Reserve, the Persian Gulf. We modelled and compared nesting success using an information‐theoretic approach to assess effects of nest site and temporal covariates on DSR. The mean DSR was 0.9896 (95% CI: 0.9931‐0.9842) and the overall nest survival was 0.49 (0.35‐0.63). Distance to black rat Rattus rattus nest sites was the most important covariate (∑ωi = 0.96) affecting the survival of great egret nests whereas distance to other great egret and western reef heron Egretta gularis nests was less influential. Neither nest diameter nor nest age effectively explained variation in nesting success. We concluded that black rat predation is the most important factor affecting the breeding performance of great egrets in the Hara Biosphere Reserve, and control measures should be undertaken to reduce the negative effects of this invasive rodent on the heron colonies of mangrove forests in the Persian Gulf.
Prognostic Factors in Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treated with Surgery Combined with Radiotherapy: A Retrospective Single-Center Study on 164 Patients
Authors: Cai Ling , Mirimanoff René-Olivier , Mouhsine Elyazid , Guillou Louis , Leyvraz Pierre-Francois , Leyvraz Serge , Gay Beatrice , Matzinger Oscar , Ozsahin Mahmut , Zouhair Abderrahim 
Published: October 2013

The aim of the present study is to assess the disease profile, outcome and prognostic factors in patients treated with surgery combined with radiotherapy (RT), with or without chemotherapy (CXT), for soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) in a multidisciplinary setting. One hundred and sixty-four patients with STS treated between 1980 and 2010 at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois were enrolled in this retrospective study. Seventy-six percent of patients underwent postoperative RT with (24%), or without (52%) CXT, 15% preoperative RT with (5%), or without (10%) CXT, surgery alone (7%), or RT alone (2%) with or without CXT. The median follow-up was 60 months (range 6-292). Local failure was observed in 18%, and distant failure in 21% of the patients. Overall survival (OS), diseasefree survival (DFS), local control (LC) and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) were 88%, 68%, 83%, and 79% at 5 years, and 80%, 56%, 76%, and 69% at 10 years, respectively. In univariate analyses, favorable prognostic factors for OS, DFS, and DMFS were tumor size 6 cm or less, World Health Organization (WHO)/Zubrod score 0, and stage 2 or less. Age and superficial tumors were favorable only for OS and DMFS respectively. STS involving the extremities had a better outcome regarding DFS and LC. Histological grade 2 or less was favorable for DFS, DMFS, and LC. Radical surgery was associated with better LC and DMFS. RT dose more than 60 Gy was favorable for OS, DFS, and LC. In multivariate analyses, independent factors were age for OS; tumor size for OS, DFS and DMFS; WHO/Zubrod score for OS, DFS and LC; hemoglobin level for DFS; site for DFS and LC; tumor depth for DMFS; histological grade for DFS and LC; surgical procedure for LC and DMFS; and RT dose for OS. This study confirms that in a multidisciplinary setting, STS have a fairly good prognosis. A number of prognostic and predictive factors, including the role of surgery combined with RT, were identified. Regarding RT, a dose of more than 60 Gy was associated with a better outcome, at the price of a higher toxicity. We could not demonstrate a superiority of preoperative RT over postoperative RT.
Forecasting and Capacity Planning for Nogales Port of Entry
Authors: Xue Liangjie , Maltz Arnold , Villalobos René 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Trade between the United States and Mexico continues to grow, and has nearly returned to pre-recession levels. Hence, concerns as to the capacity of ports of entry are now returning to transportation planners' agendas. This article illustrates the formulation of a forecasting process to produce short- and long-range freight forecasts for border-crossing truck volumes even when seasonality is a concern. This forecasting process depends on relatively few input variables and thus should serve as a useful tool for border transportation and infrastructure planners. The article covers the choice of forecasting model, the selection of input variables, and scenario applications, using actual data from the Mariposa Port of Nogales, Arizona, to drive our choices and validate the forecasting model. The article closes with suggestions for improving both inputs to the forecasting model and the model itself, as well as drawing implications for more detailed investigations on overall drivers of border-crossing volumes.
Who and What Really Matters to the Firm: Moving Stakeholder Salience beyond Managerial Perceptions
Authors: Tashman Pete , Raelin Jonathan 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT:We develop the concept of stakeholder salience to account for stakeholders who should matter to the firm, even when managers do not perceive them as important. While managers are responsible for attributing salience to stakeholders, they can overlook or ignore stakeholder importance because of market frictions that affect managerial perceptions or induce opportunism. When this happens, corporate financial and social performance can suffer. Thus, we propose that the perceptions of organizational and societal stakeholders should also codetermine the salience of the focal stakeholder to the firm. We also propose that stakeholder dialogue can reduce the impacts that market frictions can have on managerial perceptions of stakeholder interests that should matter to the firm. Finally, we discuss how the refined conceptualization of stakeholder salience might have better predictive validity, be more normative, and make instrumental and normative stakeholder theory more convergent.
Representations of dementias in the press (2001-2010)
Authors: Torres Eduardo Cintra 
Published: October 2013

In the first year of the 21st century, the World Health Organisation added itsweight toWorld Mental Health Day, with a view to stimulating interest in mentaldisorders, particularly through media coverage. This paper presents the resultsof a quantitative study on representations of types of dementia in threePortuguese daily newspapers between 2001 and 2010. The author did not wantto limit the study to the articles in the health sections and therefore looked at thewhole of the newspapers. This revealed a regular coverage of the topic in every section of the papers, especially with regard to Alzheimer’s disease, and with alarge variety of sources, protagonists and specific subjects. It also demonstratedthe existence of an inclusive attitude that is concomitant with an objective handlingof the topic. As a whole, Portuguese printed media news about dementias isfree of negative stereotypes and tends to give readers enough information andto include dementia among the themes that are both consensual in and importantto the public space.