bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of a ward environment with 20 single occupancy rooms and two four-bedded bays on patient and staff experiences and outcomes in an acute NHS Trust: a mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Ataiyero Yetunde , Stimpson Emma , Hall Helen , Ashby Helen , Dube Alisen , Carter Vanda , Smith Hazel A , Ross Al , Copping Jacky , Morris Paul , Jones Sarahjane 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTraditionally, wards in acute care hospitals consist predominately of multioccupancy bays with some single rooms. There is an increasing global trend towards a higher proportion of single rooms in hospitals, with the UK National Health Service (NHS) advocating for single-room provision in all new hospital builds. There is limited evidence on the impact of a ward environment incorporating mostly single and some multioccupancy bays on patient care and organisational outcomes.Methods and analysesThis study will assess the impact of a newly designed 28-bedded ward environment, with 20 single rooms and two four-bedded bays, on patient and staff experiences and outcomes in an acute NHS Trust in East England. The study is divided into two work packages (WP)—WP1 is a quantitative data extraction of routinely collected patient and staff data while WP2 is a mixed-methods process evaluation consisting of one-to-one, in-depth, semistructured interviews with staff, qualitative observations of work processes on the ward and a quantitative data evaluation of routinely collected process evaluation data from patients and staff.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the UK Health Research Authority (IRAS ID: 334395). Study findings will be shared with key stakeholders, published in peer-reviewed high-impact journals and presented at relevant conferences.
Nurses’ perceptions of patient handoffs and predictors of patient handoff perceptions in tertiary care hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mohd Nawawi Mohd Hanif , Ibrahim Mohd Ismail 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo study nurses’ perceptions of patient handoffs in tertiary care hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia, and to identify predictors of these perceptions.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThree tertiary care hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia, February–March 2023.ParticipantsThe study’s inclusion criteria were nurses who were Malaysian citizens, working in shifts and possessing a minimum of 6 months of work experience. Nurses holding administrative positions and those unavailable during the study period were excluded from participation. A stratified proportionate random sampling method was employed, and a 100% response rate was achieved, with all 418 selected nurses participating in the study.Outcome measuresNurses’ perceptions of patient handoffs were assessed using the validated Hospital Patient Handoff Questionnaire. Predictors of these perceptions were identified through multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThe study revealed an overall positive perception of handoffs, with a mean score of 3.5 on a 1–5 scale. Receiving formal in-service training on handoff practices (regression coefficient 0.089, 95% CI: 0.016 to 0.161) and expressing satisfaction with the handoff process (regression coefficient 0.330, 95% CI: 0.234 to 0.425) were positively associated with nurses’ perceptions. Working in the paediatric department was associated with a lower perception of handoffs (regression coefficient −0.124, 95% CI: −0.195 to –0.053).ConclusionsFormal in-service training, satisfaction and working in the paediatric department were significantly associated with nurses’ perceptions of patient handoffs in Kelantan. These findings suggest the need for tailored interventions to improve handoff processes and enhance patient safety. Further research could explore the effectiveness of specific training programmes targeting these identified predictors.
Reducing personal protective equipment waste in the emergency department of a large regional hospital: codesign informed by system science
Authors: Patrick Rebecca , Forrester Mike , Thanekar Urvi , Gunasiri Hasini , Ananthapavan Jaithri , Naebe Minoo , Naebe Maryam , Allender Steven 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThis study aimed to bring together health workers from an emergency department (ED) and broader health system changemakers to cocreate a system-oriented understanding of the drivers of single-use personal protective equipment (PPE) waste, and recommend priority actions for government policy, and organisational change, to reduce PPE waste and transition towards a circular economy approach.MethodsParticipatory group model building was used with ED and PPE health service stakeholders to create a causal loop diagram of drivers of PPE waste and use this diagram to codesign actions to address this waste. The study setting was an ED of a large regional health service in Victoria, Australia. There were 25 participants including ED doctors, nurses and allied health staff (n=10), sustainability manager (n=1), waste management coordinator (n=1), infection prevention, (n=2) procurement leads, (n=1) external stakeholders (eg, Department of Health, and sustainability authority) (n=3), consumer representatives (n=2), and experts in materials and implementation science (n=2) life-cycle analysis (n=2) and health economics (n=1).ResultsA causal loop diagram was developed representing the drivers of PPE waste, and codeveloped solutions prioritised by feasibility and impact. Recommendations for priority actions were organised by theme, and at the level of change agent—system/policy level, healthcare organisations and academic organisation. Participants identified five key drivers of single-use PPE waste: (1) centralised state-level procurement processes limited hospital control over reusable or single-use PPE purchasing decisions; (2) lack of clarity of minimum PPE requirements for different clinical scenarios; (3) clinical capacity for cohorting infectious patients in ED; (4) waste management processes not capitalising on recyclable material; and (5) barriers to staff using optimal waste handling processes creating excessive ‘contaminated clinical waste.’ A comprehensive set of recommendations were made by staff to address these issues.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into drivers and coproduced potential solutions to the reduction of PPE waste in a hospital ED.
Burden of unintentional drowning in Indonesia: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Cenderadewi Muthia , Devine Susan G , Peden Amy E , Franklin Richard Charles 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
A high burden of unintentional fatal drowning has been reported in low- and middle-income countries. However, little is known about unintentional drowning in Indonesia.

Methods
This population-based retrospective cohort study analysed unintentional drowning data for Indonesia sourced from The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Estimates of trends, mortality rates, incidence rates, years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability adjusted life years were generated.

Results
A decline in unintentional drowning mortality rates was observed, with an average annual mortality rate of 2.58/100 000. Males were 1.81 (95% CI 1.79 to 1.84) times more likely than females to unintentionally drown. Average annual mortality rates were highest among the under-5 age group (9.67/100 000) and 70 and over (5.71/100 000 for males; 5.14/100 000 for females). Distributions of drowning deaths vary depending on region, with mortality rates higher in Papua, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, Sumatra and Nusa Tenggara regions.

Discussion
While a decline in drowning mortality rates in Indonesia was identified between 2005 and 2019, mortality rates for unintentional drowning remained high among children under 5 years, the elderly population and those residing in Papua, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, Sumatra and Nusa Tenggara, warranting further focused attention.

Conclusion
A downward trend in the rate of unintentional drowning deaths in Indonesia is observed from 2005 onwards, with risk variation based on age, gender and region. The findings highlight the importance of addressing drowning as a cause of premature mortality and health system burden in Indonesia, including through enhancing drowning data collection systems and identifying drowning risk factors.
Randomized, open-label, phase 2 study of nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors of high tumor mutational burden
Authors: Schenker Michael , Burotto Mauricio , Richardet Martin , Ciuleanu Tudor-Eliade , Gonçalves Anthony , Steeghs Neeltje , Schoffski Patrick , Ascierto Paolo A , Maio Michele , Lugowska Iwona , Lupinacci Lorena , Leary Alexandra , Delord Jean-Pierre , Grasselli Julieta , Tan David S P , Friedmann Jennifer , Vuky Jacqueline , Tschaika Marina , Konduru Somasekhar , Vemula Sai Vikram , Slepetis Ruta , Kollia Georgia , Pacius Misena , Duong Quyen , Huang Ning , Doshi Parul , Baden Jonathan , Di Nicola Massimo 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCheckpoint inhibitor therapy has demonstrated overall survival benefit in multiple tumor types. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a predictive biomarker for response to immunotherapies. This study evaluated the efficacy of nivolumab+ipilimumab in multiple tumor types based on TMB status evaluated using either tumor tissue (tTMB) or circulating tumor DNA in the blood (bTMB).Patients and methodsPatients with metastatic or unresectable solid tumors with high (≥10 mutations per megabase) tTMB (tTMB-H) and/or bTMB (bTMB-H) who were refractory to standard therapies were randomized 2:1 to receive nivolumab+ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapy in an open-label, phase 2 study (CheckMate 848;NCT03668119). tTMB and bTMB were determined by the Foundation Medicine FoundationOne®CDx test and bTMB Clinical Trial Assay, respectively. The dual primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) in patients with tTMB-H and/or bTMB-H tumors treated with nivolumab+ipilimumab.ResultsIn total, 201 patients refractory to standard therapies were randomized: 135 had tTMB-H and 125 had bTMB-H; 82 patients had dual tTMB-H/bTMB-H. In patients with tTMB-H, ORR was 38.6% (95% CI 28.4% to 49.6%) with nivolumab+ipilimumab and 29.8% (95% CI 17.3% to 44.9%) with nivolumab monotherapy. In patients with bTMB-H, ORR was 22.5% (95% CI 13.9% to 33.2%) with nivolumab+ipilimumab and 15.6% (95% CI 6.5% to 29.5%) with nivolumab monotherapy. Early and durable responses to treatment with nivolumab+ipilimumab were seen in patients with tTMB-H or bTMB-H. The safety profile of nivolumab+ipilimumab was manageable, with no new safety signals.ConclusionsPatients with metastatic or unresectable solid tumors with TMB-H, as determined by tissue biopsy or by blood sample when tissue biopsy is unavailable, who have no other treatment options, may benefit from nivolumab+ipilimumab.Trial registration numberNCT03668119.
Relationship between cumulative silica exposure and silicosis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Howlett Patrick , Gan Jeffrey , Lesosky Maia , Feary Johanna 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundSilicosis, a chronic respiratory disease caused by crystalline silica exposure, is a persistent global lung health issue. No systematic review of the relationship between cumulative respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure and silicosis exists. UK exposure limits are currently under review. We therefore performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of this relationship.MethodsWeb of Science, Medline and Embase were searched on 24 February 2023. Studies of radiographic, autopsy or death certificate silicosis, with an estimated average follow-up of over 20 years since first employment, were included. Cumulative silicosis risk methods were compared. The relative risks (RR) of silicosis at increasing cumulative exposures were calculated and used to estimate the absolute risk reduction (ARR).ResultsEight eligible studies, including 10 cohorts, contributed 8792 cases of silicosis among 65 977 participants. Substantial differences in cumulative risk estimates between methodologies exist. Using the same method, we observed higher cumulative silicosis risks among mining compared with non-mining cohorts. A reduction from 4 to 2 mg/m³-years in cumulative RCS exposure corresponded to substantial risk reductions among miners (RR 0.23 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.29, I2=92.9%) with an ARR of 323 (95% CI 298 to 344) per 1000) and non-miners (RR 0.55 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.83, I2=77.0%) with an ARR of 23 (95% CI 9 to 33) per 1000).ConclusionDespite significant heterogeneity, our findings support a reduction in permissible exposure limits from 0.1 mg/m3to 0.05 mg/m³, particularly among mining populations. Further research is needed among non-miners as only two studies were eligible.
Economic response of potato to nitrogen rate, timing of nitrogen application, cultivar, and irrigation
Authors: Khakbazan Mohammad , Mohr Ramona M. , Tomasiewicz Dale J. , Nelson Alison , Bizimungu Benoit 
Published: August 2024

Three multiyear studies were conducted in Manitoba, Canada to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate (ranging from 0 to 225 or 0 to 240 kg N ha−1) and its interactions with timing of N application (preplant, split application), cultivar (Russet Burbank (RB), Glacier Fryer (GF), Umatilla Russet (UR)), and moisture regime (irrigated, nonirrigated) on the yield and net revenue (NR) of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.). Based on soil test N, all sites were expected to be N-responsive, with soil test N at most sites ranging from 24 to 45 kg NO3-N ha−1 to 60 cm and measuring 70 and 117 kg NO3-N ha−1 to 60 cm at the remaining two sites. Linear and quadratic coefficients of N and irrigation were significant for yield and NR. However, the NR curves for N inputs were relatively flat, and the NRs were only slightly less than the optimal NR within the vicinity of the optimum. Split N applications performed similarly to preplant N, and GF performed better than RB or UR; however, GF optimal economic N rates were about 55% higher than the optimal economic N rates of RB and UR cultivars. Optimal economic N rate for the best potato practices ranged from 157 to 216 kg N ha−1, depending on the studies; or averaging at about 188 kg N ha−1. Adoption of these best N management practices will improve profitability and N use efficiency in potato production and reduce negative environmental impacts.
Relationship of seeding rate to biological nitrogen fixation and seed production of red clover in Saskatchewan
Authors: Malamura Dan , Biligetu Bill , Prager Sean M. 
Published: August 2024

In Saskatchewan, red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) is often grown for seed production. However, there is no recognized or data supported seeding rate for seed production of red clover in Saskatchwan. The objectives of this study were to identify an optimal seeding rate for seed production and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and to examine their relationships under semi-arid conditions. This experiment was conducted under field conditions using six different seeding rates (0.5, 2.5, 4.5, 6.5, 8.5, and 10.5 kg ha−1) at Melfort and Clavet, SK in 2018 and 2019, and seed yield, biomass, plant density, and BNF were measured. In our study, red clover was able to compensate for the range of seeding rates between 2.5 and 10.5 kg ha−1 without seed yield loss and BNF reduction, whereas biomass production and BNF were higher at 4.5 kg ha−1 seeding rate than in 0.5 kg ha−1 at Melfort, but no seeding rate effects were found at Clavet. Regardless of location, biomass was always positively correlated with BNF. However, no association was found between seed yield and BNF. Our results suggest that 4.5 kg ha−1 is ideal for seed production, BNF and biomass production of red clover in Saskatchewan.
Euclidean quantum wormholes
Authors: Rahaman Farook , Choudhury Bikramarka S. , Islam Anikul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study wormhole as the solution of the Wheeler–DeWitt (WdW) equation satisfying Hawking–Page wormhole boundary conditions in Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) cosmology. The quantum wormholes are formulated with arbitrary factor ordering of the Hamiltonian constraint operators with perfect fluid matter sources as well as minimally coupled scalar fields.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE THALLOID LIVERWORT GENUS MARCHANTIA (MARCHANTIACEAE) IN NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA
Authors: Siregar Etti Sartina , Pasaribu Nursahara , Sofyan Muhammad Zaidun 
Published: August 2024

ARTICLE HIGLIGHTS- The survey method was successful in identifying the species Marchantia and mapping their distribution in North Sumatra- Eight taxa of Marchantia confirmed in North Sumatra, M. emarginata subsp. cuneiloba has the most widely distributed species. - Species distribution linked to environmental factors like elevation, humidity, rainfall, soil types, slope, solar intensity, and types of land coverABSTRACTMarchantia is one of the large genus complex thalloid liverworts (Marchantiophyta). The species of Marchantia has a wide distribution throughout the world, and occupies a variety of substrates. Studies on the presence and distribution of Marchantia species are still limited in North Sumatra. Therefore, the research was carried out to inventory the species of Marchantia and map their distribution in North Sumatra. Survey method was used to inventory the species of Marchantia, covering 9 locations, namely: Aek Nauli Forest, Bukit Barisan National Forest Park, Bukit Lawang, Resort Cinta Raja, Dolok Tinggi Raja Nature Reserve, Sibayak Mountain, Sicike-cike Natural Park, Silima-lima waterfall, and Taman Eden 100 Natural Park. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to map the distribution of the species. The results showed that there were eight taxa of Marchantia confirmed in North Sumatra, namely, M. acaulis, M. emarginata subsp. emarginata, M. emarginata subsp. cuneiloba, M. geminata, M. paleacea subsp. paleacea, M. polymorpha, M. treubii, and Marchantia sp. The most widely distributed species of Marchantia is M. emarginata subsp. cuneiloba, found in 7 study locations. Species with the least distribution are M. treubii and Marchantia sp., each species found only in one location. Marchantia spp. in North Sumatra spread at an altitude of 77 to 1976 m alt, occupying habitats with 6 types of soil (orthic acrisol, humic andosol, humic acrisol, and humic cambisol), with rainfall of 1800-3600 mm/year. Marchantia species are found on sloping plains to steep, in various habitat, namely secondary forest, primary and secondary forest borders, dryland farming, primary and plantation borders, and plantations. The results of this study are important for the conservation of Marchantia spp. in North Sumatra considering the many benefits of the species.
Suspecting Change in Cameroon: Slums Improvement and the Logics of Belonging in Yaoundé
Authors: Belinga Ondoua Patrick Dieudonné 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Based on an ethnographic storytelling research, this article analyses the tensions surrounding the land tenure measures of the Participatory Slum Upgrading Programme (PSUP) in a slum of Yaoundé. The aim of the programme was to make sure that the property owners residing near roads and those in swampy areas renovate their houses failure to which would make them rent the newly renovated houses ‘of their own’ by PSUP. The article shows that this measure failed, not because of the failure of the government or the intrinsic opposition of the inhabitants to change, but because the PSUP indirectly attacked the land relations and the logics of belonging. This led to latent tensions in the form of suspicious relations between ‘autochthons’ and ‘allogenic’ inhabitants, suspecting each other of ‘malicious’ intentions. This economy of suspicion spreads by attacking the state promoters of the PSUP who were accused of plotting an invasion of the area for the benefit of specific groups and communities. The aim of this paper is therefore twofold. On the one hand, against the idealistic trend that insists on the peaceful nature of development mechanisms, it shows that conflicts are inherent in any process of social change. On the other hand, contrary to studies that consider land and inter-ethnic conflicts as essentially marked by brutal and physical violence, it shows that there are forms of insidious violence that accompany the processes of change in land regularisation.
Collecting Multi-Actor Family Network Data
Authors: de Bel Vera , van Duijn Marijtje A.J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Although ‘the family’ is arguably the most fundamental of all social networks, surprisingly little data are available that enable researchers to study the full web of relationships between family members. Mapping family relationships from multiple – preferably ‘all’ – family members’ perspectives enables understanding relational dependencies, such as how parental divorce reverberates through the network. This article introduces a multi-actor family network survey method aimed at collecting ‘complete’ family network data. It discusses the design and implementation of the Lifelines Family Ties project. In this data collection project, a total of 160 children, parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and stepfamily members reported on their current and past well-being and their family relationships (contact, support, affection) with 524 family members, resulting in a dataset covering nearly 900 relationships. The article concludes by providing a preview of possible analysis techniques for future users of the Lifelines Family Ties dataset or other future multi-actor family network data.
Memory, Materials and the Built Environment
Authors: Leworthy Paul 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This essay rethinks the interrelation between materials and memory, asking: how do our encounters with materials in the built environment confront us with the past and what is the role of memory in such encounters? It argues that encounters with building materials constitute confrontations with the past, as we observe pastness in the built environment, instinctively undertake relative dating, and, as a result, temporally locate ourselves in relation to the space and the space in relation to ourselves. Integrating a key strand of architectural theory – attention to building materials and the material environment – into memory studies, the essay also proposes that the meanings of building materials are mediated by memory and that building materials themselves mediate (cultural) memory. By focusing on materials rather than events or architectural styles, it exposes the multiple and multifaceted cultural memory processes inherent in our everyday engagement with materials.
Memory In the “Magic City”
Authors: Bond Lucy , Rapson Jessica 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article explores the naturalisation of memories of racial violence at heritage sites in and around Birmingham, Alabama. Birmingham’s cityscape has been forged from systemic processes of racial capitalism that have led to ongoing forms of environmental racism. Against this backdrop, prominent tourist attractions prioritise the celebration of industrial heritage above acknowledging past and present forms of racialised injustice – from slavery to convict leasing, segregation to redlining. These sites present a sanitised account of the city’s iron and steel industry, resulting in a selective transmission and production of memories of industrial progress which obscures the operations of racial capitalism and the environmental racism it produces. This heritage, we suggest, cannot reconcile the brutality of inequitable labour systems, such as convict leasing, and the environmental violence of industrial production with the celebration of capitalist progress that positions Birmingham as the “Magic City” of industrial miracles.