bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Useful and easy-to-use interactive voice for emergency data exchange
Authors: Waidyanatha Nuwan , Perera Kasun , Silva Manoj , Burrell Brenda , Sigauke Tichafara 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– Telephone calls are the predominant telecommunication mode in Sri Lanka. Consequently, leveraging voice-based applications for disaster communication would be acceptable and sustainable. The purpose of this paper is to realise the design requirements for an integrated voice-enabled alerting and reporting system, and then to use the lessons learned to influence disaster management researchers, practitioners and developers to invest resources in related new system developments.

Design/methodology/approach
– The findings in this paper are from an experiment concerning interactive voice for connecting community-based emergency field operatives with their central co-ordination hub.

Findings
– A particular challenge was in interchanging Sinhala and Tamil language speech data, generated by the Freedom Fone Interactive Voice Response, with the text-based “Sahana” disaster-management system for analysis and decision support. The Emergency Data Exchange Language interoperable content standard was adopted for mediation between the two disparate systems. Standard mobile phones were the interface linking the Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) members. Low quality voice transmissions over the GSM cellular infrastructure resulted in distorted data. This shortcoming was a barrier to automating transformations between text and speech.

Originality/value
– Replacing those processes with human procedure significantly degrades their reliability. Nevertheless, the CERT members find voice-enabled information exchange useful and easy to use, because it diminishes the need for computer literacy and removes language barriers. The paper discusses the utility evaluation of the introduced system.
Application of the Rohman-Stork price basket to unlock the complexities of cellular price in Indonesia
Authors: Kholilul Rohman Ibrahim , Stork Christoph 
Published: August 2013

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the complexity of prepaid mobile pricing in Indonesia and suggest tools that allow consumers to make informed decisions.Design/methodology/approach–Defining a basket of services and pricing it for all prepaid mobile products available in Indonesia.Findings–Findings suggested the importance of price transparency to ensure that consumers are well-informed concerning the range of services and prices available.Practical implications–The paper provides recommendations for the Indonesian Telecommunication Regulation Agency (BRTI), which could use price baskets to create transparency and monitor price developments in the market. Another measure BRTI could undertake is to require any advertisement to include the cost for a price basket defined by BRTI.Social implications–Price transparency is likely to lead to price competition and thus lower prices and/or better services. The economic impact of lower prices is well documented.Originality/value–The authors have developed a unique basket methodology to address the specific situation in Indonesia.
Internet going mobile: internet access and use in 11 African countries
Authors: Stork Christoph , Calandro Enrico , Gillwald Alison 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to analyse internet access and use trends in 11 African countries based on household and individual ICT survey data.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study uses nationally representative data for households and individuals in residential and semi-residential areas, as defined by national census sample frames for 11 African countries.

Findings
– While the 2007/2008 African ICT access and use survey demonstrated alarmingly little access to the internet on the continent, together with a large-scale absence of computers and smart phones, compounded by the high cost of connectivity, the mobile phone is now the key entry point for internet use. Internet access has increased significantly across all countries, as a result increasing internet penetration to 15.5 per cent across the 11 African countries surveyed by Research ICT Africa in 2011/2012. Mobile internet requires fewer ICT skills, less financial resources and does not rely on electricity at home, compared to computers or laptops. Other findings highlight the unevenness of internet take-up across and within countries. Thus, while the majority of the countries under investigation demonstrate increased mobile internet take-up, in Rwanda, Tanzania and Ethiopia, internet use remains negligible. In those countries where mobile internet is boosting connectivity, this is being driven by social networking applications.

Practical implications
– The policy implications of the shift in significant numbers from negligible internet access at public access points serviced primarily by fixed access lines to mobile internet access are significant. Just as traditional reform strategies of increasing competition in the market increased access to voice services more successfully than traditional universal service strategies, mobile again appears to be addressing the internet gap. Competition in mobile markets appears to address the efficiency gap in the market, resulting in an increase in the choice of services and a reduction in prices. Strategies that seek to aggregate users at public access points, funded by complex levies and subsidies again seem to have been overtaken by the increasing availability of mobile internet access, as feature phones and smart phone become more available to individual users.

Social implications
– Understanding prepaid mobile internet further provides a pro-poor dimension to public policies seeking to improve internet access, which historically has been available and affordable to the elite. The rest of the society had to rely on public access points, whether private internet cafés or schools and libraries.

Originality/value
– This paper uses primary data that allow a better understanding of internet access and use in Africa. It provides policymakers and regulators with the evidence required for an informed ICT policy and regulation.
ICT policy and poverty reduction in Africa
Authors: Diga Kathleen , Nwaiwu Fortune , Plantinga Paul 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to understand how policymakers in different African countries negotiate the complex relationship between information and communication technologies (ICTs) and poverty reduction. The authors adopt a novel perspective on this problem by considering how the broader policy discourse and associated mechanisms tend to address (or neglect) the multiple dimensions of poverty.

Design/methodology/approach
– A textual analysis was conducted on selected ICT and poverty reduction policy documents from Uganda, South Africa and Nigeria, between 2005 and 2012.

Findings
– The findings show that the focus of ICT policy interventions continues to be on increasing economic capabilities amongst the poor. There is recognition in all three cases that human, political and social capital are also important. The continued dominance of an economic focus within ICT policies is supported by a techno-deterministic policy discourse, which tends to downplay social factors. Meanwhile, poverty reduction strategies adopt a similarly techno-deterministic perspective on the role of ICTs in development.

Practical implications
– While there is negligible evidence of methods that could enable a more contested, discursive policy environment, there are signs in South Africa and Uganda of a strong but relatively high-level (and largely rhetorical) interest in participatory approaches to ICT implementation which may, if appropriated fully by policymakers and their agents, lead to a more contextually anchored approach to ICT-supported poverty reduction around a diverse mix of poverty dimensions.

Originality/value
– This paper has developed a novel framework for analysing the extent to which the multiple dimensions of poverty are being addressed within African ICT policy and whether the appropriate institutional arrangements and policy processes are being adopted to do this.
Calibrating distance mapping of non‐SVP catadioptric camera of the soccer robot
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxiao , Cao Qixin 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of the present paper is to propose a full model‐based method for distance‐mapping calibration for the non‐SVP (non‐single viewpoint) catadioptric camera of the soccer robot. The method should be easy to operate, efficient, accurate, and scalable to fit larger field sizes.Design/methodology/approachThe distance‐mapping model was first constructed based on the imaging principle. The authors then calibrated the internal parameters using the mirror boundary and used the mirror center to choose the correct pose from two possible solutions. The authors then proposed a three‐point method based on a unique solution case of the non‐SVP P3P (perspective‐three‐point) problem to solve the external parameters. Lastly, they built the distance mapping by back‐projection.FindingsThe simulation experimental results have shown that the authors' method is very accurate even when there is severe misalignment between the mirror and the camera and that all calibration operations, except the calibration of a standard camera, can be completed in 1 min. The result of the comparison with the traditional calibration method shows that the authors' method is superior to the traditional method in terms of accuracy and efficiency.Originality/valueThe proposed calibration method is scalable to larger fields because it only uses the boundary of the mirror and three feature points on the field, and does not need additional calibration objects. Additionally, an automatic calibration method that can be used during the game can be easily developed based on this method. Moreover, the proposed mirror‐pose‐selection method and a unique solution to the non‐SVP P3P problem are especially useful for a non‐SVP catadioptric camera.
IPO valuation and insider manipulation of R&D
Authors: Hull Robert , Walker Rosemary , Kwak Sungkyu 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of R&D manipulation on stock valuation for periods around IPOs. Insider manipulation is the difference in actual R&D change minus predicted R&D change where a negative difference indicates R&D underinvestment.Design/methodology/approachThis study is designed to build on prior IPO research that has found reduced R&D expenditures when insiders lower their ownership. The paper derives an R&D manipulation variable that measures underinvestment in R&D. This variable is used in a regression methodology to test its influence on: IPO stock valuation at various points in time and post‐IPO price changes relative to the offer price.FindingsThe paper discovers that greater underinvestment in R&D is associated with greater values during the IPO stock valuation process. This association is reversed when the paper looks at short‐term valuation based on market prices. Only for bubble period IPOs do the paper finds poorer valuations for the long‐term. Larger insider ownership decreases lead to poorer valuations regardless of the period of occurrence. Greater R&D underinvestment and insider ownership decreases both lead to less underpricing.Research limitations/implicationsLike prior research, the paper assumes that knowledge about the change in R&D is known at the time of the offering. Interpretations for long‐run results can be tenuous due to unexpected changes that occur over time.Practical implicationsInvestors should note that managers are able to set higher offer prices when they inflate earnings by underinvesting in R&D. Buying at an inflated offer price with R&D manipulation leads to losses in the aftermarket with these losses associated with IPOs that occur during a bubble period.Social implicationsMisrepresentation during the IPO valuation process affects those who buy shares at inflated prices. This raises ethical questions about the behavior of those involved in the issuance process.Originality/valueThis study is unique in testing how R&D manipulation and changes in insider ownership proportions impact the: IPO valuation process, post‐IPO valuation, and changes in the stock price over time relative to the offer price.
Personal consequences of the diagnosis of schizophrenia: a preliminary report from the inquiry into the schizophrenia label
Authors: Thomas Philip , Seebohm Patience , Wallcraft Jan , Kalathil Jayasree , Fernando Suman 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this survey was to describe the impact of the diagnosis of schizophrenia on the lives of people who receive the diagnosis.Design/methodology/approachThe authors designed a questionnaire to investigate attitudes to and experiences of the diagnosis of schizophrenia. After a pilot study, they made the questionnaire available online and, through a network of service user and other organisations, solicited responses.FindingsOf the 470 responses, 27.4 per cent were from service users. Content analysis of their responses revealed three main categories: concern with the consequences of the diagnosis and its negative impact on their lives, the life contexts of individuals before receiving the diagnosis, and concerns with medication and treatment. This paper deals with the first two.Research limitations/implicationsIt is impossible to generalise the results of this survey because respondents self‐selected, and thus might be expected to have strong feelings against (or for) the diagnosis of schizophrenia.Practical implicationsThe diagnosis of schizophrenia in this sample had devastating negative implications. It was experienced as harmful and stigmatising. Very few people understood their experiences as a biomedical disorder.Social implicationsA gulf exists between the experiences of people diagnosed with schizophrenia and the concerns of academics and others currently involved in debates about the merits of different systems of diagnosis.Originality/valueThis survey is valuable because it draws attention to experiences of diagnosis that are easily lost in the storm of academic controversies about diagnosis in psychiatry.
New designs and software for cognitive causal mapping
Authors: Laukkanen Mauri , Eriksson Päivi 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe paper's first objective is to develop a new conceptual framework for categorizing and designing cognitive, specifically comparative, causal mapping (CCM) research by building upon the theory‐centred and participant‐centred perspectives. The second purpose is to enable the discerned study prototypes by introducing a new CCM software application, CMAP3.Design/methodology/approachBuilding upon the distinction between theory‐centred (etic) and participant‐centred (emic) perspectives in social research, we first construct and apply a conceptual framework for analysing and categorising extant CCM studies in terms of their objectives and basic design. Next, after noting the important role and basic tasks in computerising causal mapping studies, we present a new CCM software application.FindingsThe theory‐centred/participant‐centred perspectives define four causal mapping study prototypes, each with different goals, basic designs and methodological requirements. Noting the present lack of widely accessible software for qualitatively oriented CCM studies, we introduce CMAP3, a new non‐commercial Windows application, and summarise how it is used in related research.Originality/valueThe framework and the studies representing the prototypes demonstrate the versatility of CCM methods and that the proposed framework offers a new, systematic approach to categorising and designing CCM studies. Research technically, CMAP3 can support the defined CCM‐prototypes, based on a low‐structured (inductive/qualitative) or a structured (nomothetic/quantitative) methodological approach/stance, and having therefore different needs of data acquisition, processing, coding, aggregation/comparison, and analysis of the emerging aggregated cause maps’ contents or structure.
The within‐species leaf economic spectrum does not predict leaf litter decomposability at either the within‐species or whole community levels
Authors: Jackson Benjamin G. , Peltzer Duane A. , Wardle David A. 
Published: August 2013

Summary

Despite recent progress in characterizing the within‐species variability (WSV) of plant functional traits, the importance of this WSV in driving ecological processes such as leaf litter decomposability within species or at the whole community level is poorly understood.

We ask whether leaf and litter functional traits vary within species to form a spectrum of variability analogous to the leaf economics spectrum that occurs among species. We also ask whether this spectrum of trait variation within species is an important driver of leaf litter decomposability. To address these questions, we quantified both WSV and between‐species variation of leaf and litter traits and litter decomposability of 16 co‐occurring temperate rain forest plant species along soil toposequences characterized by strong shifts in soil nutrient status in New Zealand.

We found considerable WSV of both leaf and litter traits for all species, and a within‐species spectrum of coordinated trait variation for 11 species. The WSV of leaf and to a lesser extent foliar litter C to N and C to P values were often strongly related to soil C to N and C to P ratios across plots. Further, in many cases, WSV and its covariation with species turnover contributed significantly to the community‐level aggregate trait response to variation in soil fertility.

Contrary to our expectations, the WSV in leaf and litter traits did not generally predict within‐species variation in leaf litter mass loss, nor N and P release, during decomposition. Further, inclusion of WSV did not improve predictions of leaf litter decomposability using community‐level trait measures.

Synthesis. Our findings support the view that WSV of plant functional traits is an important component of plant community responses to environmental factors such as soil fertility. However, the apparent decoupling of WSV of leaf economic traits from WSV of ecological processes such as litter decomposability suggests that consideration of WSV may not be necessary to understand the contributions of trait variation to determining the breakdown of plant litter and therefore, potentially, ecosystem processes.
Trend analysis and modelling of gender‐specific age, period and birth cohort effects on alcohol abstention and consumption level for drinkers in Great Britain using the General Lifestyle Survey 1984–2009
Authors: Meng Yang , Holmes John , Hill‐McManus Daniel , Brennan Alan , Meier Petra Sylvia 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackground and aimsBritish alcohol consumption and abstinence rates have increased substantially in the last 3 decades. This study aims to disentangle age, period and birth cohort effects to improve our understanding of these trends and suggest groups for targeted interventions to reduce resultant harms.DesignAge, period, cohort analysis of repeated cross‐sectional surveys using separate logistic and negative binomial models for each gender.SettingGreat Britain 1984–2009.ParticipantsAnnual nationally representative samples of approximately 20 000 adults (16+) within 13 000 households.MeasurementsAge (eight groups: 16–17 to 75+ years), period (six groups: 1980–84 to 2005–09) and birth cohorts (19 groups: 1900–04 to 1990–94). Outcome measures were abstinence and average weekly alcohol consumption. Controls were income, education, ethnicity and country.FindingsAfter accounting for period and cohort trends, 18–24‐year‐olds have the highest consumption levels (incident rate ratio = 1.18–1.15) and lower abstention rates (odds ratio = 0.67–0.87). Consumption generally decreases and abstention rates increase in later life. Until recently, successive birth cohorts' consumption levels were also increasing. However, for those born post‐1985, abstention rates are increasing and male consumption is falling relative to preceding cohorts. In contrast, female drinking behaviours have polarized over the study period, with increasing abstention rates accompanying increases in drinkers' consumption levels.ConclusionsRising female consumption of alcohol and progression of higher‐consuming birth cohorts through the life course are key drivers of increased per capita alcohol consumption in the United Kingdom. Recent declines in alcohol consumption appear to be attributable to reduced consumption and increased abstinence rates among the most recent birth cohorts, especially males, and general increased rates of abstention across the study period.
Chylous ascites as a complication of laparoscopic colorectal surgery
Authors: Matsuda Takeru , Fujita Hirofumi , Kunimoto Yukihiro , Kimura Taisei , Ogino Kazunori 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIntroductionUntil now, no data have been available on the incidence of chylous ascites after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.MethodsFrom January 2007 to December 2011, 137 patients with colorectal cancer underwent laparoscopic surgery at our institution. The clinical data of the patients with postoperative chylous ascites were compared with those of the patients without chylous ascites.ResultsChylous ascites developed in 9 of the 137 patients (6.5%). Blood loss, operative time, tumor location, and extent of lymph node dissection were not associated with postoperative chylous ascites. Mean postoperative hospital stay for patients with chylous ascites was significantly longer than that for patients without any complications (14 days vs 10 days; P < 0.001). Recurrence was observed in two of the nine patients with chylous ascites; it developed locally and in the liver in one patient, and peritoneal dissemination was seen in the other. The recurrence rate in the chylous ascites group (22.2%) was significantly higher than that in the non‐chylous ascites group (3.9%; P = 0.016). The 3‐year disease‐free survival in the chylous ascites group (76.2%) was significantly lower than that in the non‐chylous ascites group (93.4%; P = 0.020); however, the 3‐year overall survival rates did not differ between the groups (87.5% vs 94.4%, respectively; P = 0.332).ConclusionChylous ascites are not a rare complication of laparoscopic colorectal surgery. It was managed conservatively in all cases but was associated with longer hospital stays. We recommend careful tissue dissection at a suitable plane and meticulous clipping during lymphadenectomy to prevent chyle leakage when lymphatic invasion is suspected.