bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between tunneled catheter placement and catheter‐associated deep venous thrombosis in adults with inflammatory bowel disease receiving home parenteral nutrition: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Siddiqui Mohamed Tausif , Coughlin Kathleen L. , Koenen Brian , Al‐Yaman Wael , Bestgen Ashley , Regueiro Miguel , Kirby Donald F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of thrombosis. They often need parenteral nutrition (PN) requiring intravenous access for prolonged periods. We assessed the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) associated with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and tunneled catheters for patients with IBD receiving home PN (HPN).MethodsUsing the Cleveland Clinic HPN Registry, we retrospectively studied a cohort of adults with IBD who received HPN between June 30, 2019 and January 1, 2023. We collected demographics, catheter type, and catheter‐associated DVT (CADVT) data. We performed descriptive statistics and Poisson tests to compare CADVT rates among parameters of interest. We generated Kaplan‐Meier graphs to illustrate longevity of CADVT‐free survival and a Cox proportional hazard model to calculate the hazard ratio associated with CADVT.ResultsWe collected data on 407 patients, of which, 276 (68%) received tunneled catheters and 131 (32%) received PICCs as their initial catheter. There were 17 CADVTs with an overall rate of 0.08 per 1000 catheter days, whereas individual rates of DVT for PICCs and tunneled catheters were 0.16 and 0.05 per 1000 catheter days, respectively (P = 0.03). After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidity, CADVT risk was significantly higher for PICCs compared with tunneled catheters, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.962 (95% CI=1.140–7.698; P = 0.025) and adjusted incidence rate ratio of 3.66 (95% CI=2.637–4.696; P = 0.013).ConclusionOur study shows that CADVT risk is nearly three times higher with PICCs compared with tunneled catheters. We recommend tunneled catheter placement for patients with IBD who require HPN infusion greater than 30 days.
Heterogeneous Presentations and Serologies in Myasthenia Gravis Patients Presenting with Dysphagia
Authors: Moffatt Clare , Pillutla Pranati , Soltanzadeh Payam , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionMyasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction. MG patients may present de novo with primary otolaryngology complaints, including swallowing dysfunction. This study describes a range of unique presentations and rare diagnostic serologies, which have not previously been fully described.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all patients presenting with primary symptom of dysphagia and subsequently diagnosed with MG. Data collected included demographics, clinical presentation, swallow studies, serology, imaging, treatment, and response.ResultsFive patients met the inclusion criteria. Four endorsed dysphagia as primary complaint and one endorsed dysphagia and dysphonia. All patients underwent in‐office swallow evaluations that showed vallecular or pyriform sinus residue. Three patients completed modified barium swallow studies that showed pharyngeal weakness and epiglottic dysfunction in all, and upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction in two. One patient with additional symptom of dyspnea was admitted and found to be in myasthenic crisis. Upon serologic evaluation, three patients were positive for acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies only, one for muscle‐specific‐kinase (MuSK) antibodies only, and one for low density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 4 (LRP4) antibodies only. All patients received neurology evaluation and were treated with steroids, pyridostigmine, plasma exchange, or rituximab. In three patients with over 1 year follow‐up, symptoms were significantly improved or resolved.ConclusionMG is an important differential diagnosis in patients with unexplained pharyngeal dysphagia. While workup can include AChR antibody screening, in seronegative patients with persistent symptoms, additional testing for MuSK and LRP4 may lead to diagnosis and effective treatment.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:4903–4910, 2024
Detection of soil salinity distribution and its change in the Yellow River Delta comparing 2006 and 2022
Authors: Yang Qing , Fan Xiaomei , Wang Linlin , Tang Ying , Huang Liuhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Yellow River Delta (YRD) has the world's highest land formation rate. However, soil salinization has caused severe land degradation in the region. Understanding the distribution of soil salinity and its variation is essential for saline soil management. This study combined soil salinity sampling data, remote sensing imagery, and layers of geographic environmental factors. Three different models, including Ordinary Kriging (OK), Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), and Bayesian Maximum Entropy (BME), were used and compared to predict the soil salinity of two soil layers in 2006 and 2022. Then the spatial distribution characteristics and development trends of soil salinity in the YRD were analyzed. The results indicated that (1) The BME model is an optimal salinity prediction model that integrates soft data from multiple sources to perform nonlinear estimates. Compared to the OK and GWR models, the RMSE was reduced by up to 25% and 13%, respectively, and the greatest improvement in R2 was increased from 0.0534 and 0.2718 to 0.5569, respectively. (2) Soil salinity in the YRD shows a spatially increasing trend from the southwestern inland to the northeastern coast. Over the past 16 years, the salinization pattern has become more complex: soil salinization has been mitigated in the central and southern regions, with the average salinity decreasing from 1.03% to 0.86% and the salinization rate decreasing from 99% to 88%; and it has significantly intensified in the northern part of the study area near the old Yellow River channel and the Gubei Reservoir, and in some scattered inland areas. Continuous water and sediment regulation in the Yellow River basin and ecological management of natural reserves can generally alleviate soil salinization, but the risk of soil salinization can be increased by seawater erosion, inappropriate land use, and resource exploitation.
Frequency‐Space Selective Fano Resonance Based on a Micro‐Ring Resonator on Lithium Niobate on Insulator
Authors: Yuan Tingge , Wang Xueyi , Wu Jiangwei , Li Hao , Chen Yuping , Chen Xianfeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCorresponding to the different phase‐shifts of the interference modes, the whispering gallery mode resonator‐based Fano resonance exhibits a variety of unique spectral lineshapes that can be applied to sensing, optical signal processing, and so on. However, most approaches to lineshape tuning aim to alter the propagation phase‐shift or coupling strength, and generally suffer from relatively low efficiency and limited tuning range. In this paper, with a carefully designed waveguide‐taper coupled micro‐ring resonator structure and the assistance with the grating‐coupler, for the first time a near full‐lineshape selectivity of the Fano resonance is demonstrated in two isolated tuning dimensions of the frequency and transverse space, which means arbitrary lineshapes including the Lorentzian‐dip, asymmetric Fano peak or electromagnetically‐induced‐transparency (EIT)‐like peak can be obtained at a specific resonance wavelength in the whole C‐band. In addition to the different types of line shapes, the extinction ratio can also be enhanced by dynamically tuning the coupling position. This research provides an efficient approach to manipulate the transmission spectra of the Fano resonance, which is of great importance in promoting its further applications on integrated photonics platforms.
When life throws curveballs: Unpacking consumers’ compensatory strategies
Authors: Rauber Gabriela Nogueira , Barros Lucia Salmonson Guimarães , Zambaldi Felipe , Perin Marcelo Gattermann 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCompensatory consumption is a typical strategy used by consumers to alleviate feelings of self‐discrepancy. This phenomenon occurs in multiple contexts, and the related literature has experienced rapid and fragmented growth. This article presents a systematic review of 96 articles on compensatory consumption published in 42 journals over 26 years (from 1997 to 2023). Using the antecedents, decisions, and outcomes (ADO) model, we propose a framework that covers the entire compensatory consumption journey, linking an individual's types of discrepancy with the underlying mechanisms, coping strategies, and compensatory behaviors. We also explore the positive and negative outcomes of compensatory behaviors and the potential for the process to become a continuous compensation cycle. Our findings highlight four significant themes (antecedents, compensation strategies, outcomes, and methodologies) that need to be further investigated in future studies.
Vernetzungstreffen der Praktikumsleitungen der Anorganisch‐Chemischen Grundpraktika
Authors: Krieck Sven 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAnfang März fand in Köln das dritte Vernetzungstreffen der Praktikumsleiterinnen und ‐leiter der anorganisch‐chemischen Grundpraktika statt. Aufgrund eines kurzfristig angekündigten Streiks der Lokführer wurde ein hybrides Format gewählt, sodass insgesamt 26 Teilnehmende entweder vor Ort oder per Zoom bei der zweitägigen Veranstaltung dabei sein konnten.
Assessing numeracy and medication calculations within undergraduate nursing education: A qualitative study
Authors: Minty‐Walker Christine , Wilson Nathan J. , Rylands Leanne , Pettigrew Jim , Hunt Leanne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo explore how undergraduate nursing students are assessed on nursing numeracy and medication calculations from the perspective of Australian nurse education leaders.DesignA qualitative study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 17 nurse education leaders between November 2022 and January 2023. Braun and Clarke's six phases of thematic analysis were used to analyse the data.ResultsFive key themes were identified: (i) high expectations to keep the public safe, (ii) diverse assessment formats, (iii) different ways of managing assessment integrity, (iv) assessment conditions incongruent to the clinical setting and (v) supporting struggling students.ConclusionNurse education leaders set high standards requiring students to achieve 100% in numeracy and medication calculation assessments, thus maintaining the reputation of nursing and patient safety. However, students struggled to meet this expectation. Diverse assessment formats were implemented, with some examination conditions contrary to clinical practice. Currently, there is no benchmark or independent point of registration examination in Australia, hence the problem is each university had a different standard to judge students' competence. Gaining insight into how these assessments are conducted provides an opportunity to work towards an evidence‐based model or benchmark for the assessment of numeracy.Implications for the ProfessionDosage errors in clinical practice threaten patient safety and the reputation of the nursing profession. The accuracy rate of calculations by undergraduate and registered nurses is deficient worldwide. This research highlights a major educational issue, that being the wide variation in how numeracy assessments are conducted with no clear pedagogical rationale for a standardised method. Such assessments would establish a national standard, contributing to quality assurance, the development of the nursing profession and improve patient safety.
Convergence and stability analysis of energy stable and bound‐preserving numerical schemes for binary fluid‐surfactant phase‐field equations
Authors: Duan Jiayi , Li Xiao , Qiao Zhonghua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this article, we develop stable and efficient numerical schemes for a binary fluid‐surfactant phase‐field model which consists of two Cahn–Hilliard type equations with respect to the free energy containing a Ginzburg–Landau double‐well potential, a logarithmic Flory–Huggins potential and a nonlinear coupling entropy. The numerical schemes, which are decoupled and linear, are established by the central difference spatial approximation in combination with the first‐ and second‐order exponential time differencing methods based on the convex splitting of the free energy. For the sake of the linearity of the schemes, the nonlinear terms, especially the logarithmic term, are approximated explicitly, which requires the bound preservation of the numerical solution to make the algorithm robust. We conduct the convergence analysis and prove the bound‐preserving property in details for both first‐ and second‐order schemes, where the high‐order consistency analysis is applied to the first‐order case. In addition, the energy stability is also obtained by the nature of the convex splitting. Numerical experiments are performed to verify the accuracy and stability of the schemes and simulate the dynamics of phase separation and surfactant adsorption.
The clinical spectrum associated with ERCC5 mutations: Is there a relationship between phenotype and genotype?
Authors: Zhang Jinpeng , Ma Jiannan , Luo Yuanyuan , Hong Siqi , Jiang Li , Li Tianyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMutations in the ERCC5 gene can lead to different clinical phenotypes, few articles have reported the clinical phenotypes in detail and explained the relationship between genotype and phenotype. The clinical data of cases with ERCC5 gene mutations diagnosed in our center and reported in previous studies were collected. The cases were divided into three groups based on phenotype; the differences of clinical manifestation and genotype among groups were analyzed. Genetic tests showed a complex heterozygous mutation of the ERCC5 gene with paternal C.402_C.403 (exon 4) insA (p.T135Nfs*28) and maternal C.1096 (exon 8) C > T (p.R366X.821) in our case. The gene mutation has not been reported and was predicted to seriously affect the protein structure. According to a review of 59 cases of ERCC5 mutations, cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome (COFS) occurred in 16 cases, XP in 19 cases, and XP/CS in 24 cases. The incidence of physical retardation, mental retardation, peripheral neuropathy, magnetic resonance abnormalities and fundus/vision abnormalities in XP/CS patients was significantly higher than that in XP patients. In addition, patients with the XP/CS phenotype were more prone to appearance abnormalities, deafness, and epilepsy, and cheilitis and tumors were more common in patients with the XP phenotype, but the differences were not significant. XP/CS can cause abnormal liver function and even fatality, which should be given attention. ERCC5 mutation‐related diseases were characterized by mild to severe clinical phenotypes. In addition to tumors, liver function should be considered in ERCC5‐related diseases, and patients should be cautious with medication to avoid drug‐induced liver injury.
Addressing suicidality in autistic youth: Implications for school mental health professionals
Authors: Rodriguez Geovanna , Holmberg Dania R. , Fredrick Amber , Stadelman Susan J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSuicide is a complex, multifaceted crisis affecting children and adolescents, and has become a major public health concern. While there is a plethora of research on this topic among neurotypically developing youth, much less is known about the nature of suicidality in autistic individuals. Autistic youth show an increased vulnerability for suicidal tendencies that are poorly understood among school mental health (SMH) professionals, who report a range of competency and self‐efficacy to address suicidality in school settings (Debski et al., 2007; O'Neill et al., 2020). Co‐occurring mental health difficulties pose significant challenges in the early detection of suicide risk in autistic youth. Given that suicide is the leading cause of death among autistic individuals, the incidence of suicidality among autistic youth is of particular concern. This article provides a practice‐friendly review of the research outlining innate vulnerabilities that present risk factors for suicide among autistic youth, along with assessment considerations that help inform the management of suicide risk in autistic youth. We conclude with recommendations for integrating a multi‐tiered neurodiverse‐affirming approach with sensitivity for student intersecting identities and system‐level influences on student mental health that enables SMH professionals to create supportive school environments for autistic youth that prevent further harm.
The Teachers' Mental Health Literacy Scale
Authors: Skrzypek Candra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTeachers play a critical role in school mental health. They aid in the identification and referral of students in need of mental health services and are key players in implementing interventions. Nevertheless, teachers often lack the education and training needed to support youths' mental health. Increasing teachers' mental health literacy (MHL) is recognized as a needed area of focus in improving systems' responses to youths' mental health needs, yet no current tools assess teachers' complete MHL. A measure of MHL for in‐service teachers based on current conceptualizations of MHL in the context of schools was developed and tested. The 24‐item scale was tested in a sample of 407 full‐time teachers in the United States and initial psychometric testing supports its use. The analytic strategy included an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability analysis via Cronbach's α, and convergent validity analysis via zero‐order correlations between the Teachers' MHL Scale and theoretically linked constructs. The final scale includes four subscales that measure teachers' understanding of how to promote well‐being, recognize potential problems, link students in need to appropriate resources, and the link between well‐being and school success. The underlying theory supporting the tool's development and suggestions for its use are discussed.
Extended time test accommodations: Does use correspond to score comparability for students with disabilities deemed in need?
Authors: Witmer Sara E. , Marinho Nathalie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtended time is frequently recommended for students with disabilities (SWD) with an intent to remove barriers to accurate measurement of their underlying knowledge and skills. However, empirical findings have varied in terms of whether extended time conditions are an appropriate method for doing so, raising questions of whether frequent recommendation is warranted. Existing score comparability studies have not carefully attended to whether students for whom the extended time accommodation has been recommended truly need, use, and benefit from extended time. In the current study, math test process data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress were used to explore and compare score comparability, as determined via analysis of differential item functioning, for SWD specifically deemed by school teams to need extended time. Score comparability was evident regardless of whether or not the students actually used extended time, begging the question of whether, for many SWD, extended time is truly necessary for score comparability to be achieved. Implications for practice, including methods for more specifically identifying who indeed needs extended time, as well as options for alternative accommodations and interventions that may better target the needs of students who don't truly need and/or use it are offered.
Deep fakes and the Artificial Intelligence Act—An important signal or a missed opportunity?
Authors: Łabuz Mateusz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) adopted by the European Union might serve as a global regulatory reference point. Heated negotiations over the AI Act have shown that reconciling the interests of numerous stakeholders is not an easy task. As well as creating clear and precise rules that would enable implementing effective safeguards for citizens against the manipulative potential of technology. The AI Act introduces the first legal definition of deep fakes and creates a system of protection against their harmful applications, that is based on transparency obligations. I argue that in the course of negotiations, the EU has made progress in regulating deep fakes, but the adopted solutions should only be an introduction to a more strict protection of individuals. The AI Act targets a specific group of deep fakes, leaving some of them unregulated or poorly regulated and disregarding the consequences of nonconsensual deep fake pornography. By analyzing the legal provisions related to deep fakes in the AI Act, I point to the rationale behind the chosen forms of protection, criticize the shortcomings and list the consequences of adopting the AI Act for deep fakes landscape.
Optically transparent and refractive thiol‐ene polymers containing cyclotriphosphazenes
Authors: Jin Jeong‐Un , Lee Miyeon , You Nam‐Ho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA colorless, transparent thiol‐ene polymer network was developed that contains cyclic phosphazene units in the polymer chain. Hexakis (allyloxy) cyclotriphosphazene (HAP) was synthesized from the nucleophilic substitution reaction of phosphonitrilic chloride trimer and allyl alcohol. Thiol‐ene polymers (HAP‐SH) were successfully prepared without by‐products or the use of solvents through photopolymerization of the HAP and multithiol monomers with various functional group and flexible structures (e.g., 1,4‐butanedithiol (BDTH), 1,3,5‐benzenetrithiol (BTTH), trimethylolpropane tris (3‐mercaptopropionate) (TTMP) and pentaerythritol tetrakis (3‐mercaptopropionate) (PTTH)). The prepared HAP‐SH polymers showed sufficient thermal stability due to the high degree of cross‐linking. In addition, the HAP‐SH polymer films exhibited high optical transparency of over 90% in the visible region. The refractive indices of the HAP‐SH polymers measured at 637 nm were in the range of 1.5530–1.6344, and the Abbe number was calculated to be in the range of 34.5–47.1. These results are attributed to the structure of the cyclophosphazine and the polymer main chain containing aliphatic linkers with sulfur atoms. Another significant result was the transparency of the HAP‐SH polymer films in the mid‐infrared (MWIR) region. The thermal stability and excellent optical properties of the HAP‐SH polymers make them good candidates for application as a protective film for IR lenses, which are easily damaged by external factors.