bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antigen expression level threshold tunes the fate of CD8 T cells during primary hepatic immune responses
Authors: Tay Szun Szun , Wong Yik Chun , McDonald David M. , Wood Nicole A. W. , Roediger Ben , Sierro Frederic , Mcguffog Claire , Alexander Ian E. , Bishop G. Alex , Gamble Jennifer R. , Weninger Wolfgang , McCaughan Geoffrey W. , Bertolino Patrick , Bowen David G. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
The liver possesses unique immunological properties, with the capability of inducing tolerance upon transplantation, yet is also the target of immune-mediated damage in chronic viral hepatitis. To investigate the basis of these dichotomous outcomes, we manipulated several determinants capable of influencing outcomes of hepatic–immune interactions. Our findings reveal that a threshold of antigen expression within the liver is the dominant factor determining the fate of CD8 T cells recognizing intrahepatic antigen, irrespective of their affinity for antigen or the site of initial antigen encounter, with high-level antigen expression leading to exhaustion of T cell function. To our knowledge, for the first time, this study provides a unified model explaining the divergent consequences of hepatic–immune interactions.
Structural and functional insight into TAF1–TAF7, a subcomplex of transcription factor II D
Authors: Bhattacharya Suparna , Lou Xiaohua , Hwang Peter , Rajashankar Kanagalaghatta R. , Wang Xiaoping , Gustafsson Jan-Åke , Fletterick Robert J. , Jacobson Raymond H. , Webb Paul 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Transcription factor II D (TFIID) is a multiprotein complex that is essential for gene transcription. Together, TATA binding protein-associated factor 1 (TAF1), the biggest TFIID subunit, and TAF7 form an important control point for transcriptional initiation. Although current models suggest that TAF7 binds TAF1 to block its intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, almost nothing is known about the molecular basis of TAF1–TAF7 (TAF1/7) interaction and TAF1 activity. Here, we report the atomic structure of the yeast TAF1/7 heterodimer and probe its function using biochemical techniques. Our structure suggests that yeast TAF1 is not a HAT and instead reveals that TAF1/7 displays the unexpected capacity to bind a specific repressive histone mark. This raises the possibility that TFIID binds repressive chromatin marks to control gene expression.
Temporal variation in winter flounder recruitment at the southern margin of their range: is the decline due to increasing temperatures?
Authors: Able K. W. , Grothues T. M. , Morson J. M. , Coleman K. E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe southern-most stock of winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus), a cold temperate species of the Northwest Atlantic, has not recovered from overfishing despite continued restrictive measures, and appears to be contracting northward. We regressed larval and settled juvenile abundance (after accounting for adult and larval contribution to variation, respectively) on temperature over several decades from collections in New Jersey, the United States, at the southern edge of their range to determine if increasing temperatures during the first year of life were responsible for this contraction. A significant stock–recruitment relationship at both stages was moderate, explaining 27.5% of the variance for larvae on adults and 20.6% for juveniles on larvae. There was no significant effect of average monthly temperature in explaining variance of the residuals for larvae, or of degree day on explaining the abundance of residuals for juveniles over a months-long settlement period. However, in both cases, residuals were widely distributed at cold temperatures, while they were always low at warm temperatures. Thus, years in which spring temperatures were warm (5–7oC for February, 7–9 for March, and 11–20 for May) always experienced poor recruitment. This threshold effect may result from an intersection with predators in response to temperature, and this may play a more important role than heat stress in determining recruitment success.
Jet-dominated quiescent states in black hole X-ray binaries: the case of V404 Cyg
Authors: Xie Fu-Guo , Yang Qi-Xiang , Ma Renyi 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The dynamical structure and radiative properties of the quiescent state (X-ray luminosity ≲1034  erg s−1) of black hole X-ray transients (BHXTs) remain unclear, mainly because of low luminosity and poor data quantity. We demonstrate that the simultaneous multi-wavelength (including radio, optical, ultraviolet and X-ray bands) spectrum of V404 Cyg in its bright quiescent state can be well described by the radiation from the companion star and more importantly, the compact jet. Neither the outer thin disc nor the inner hot accretion flow is important in the total spectrum. Together with recent findings, i.e. the power-law X-ray spectrum and the non-variable X-ray spectral shape (or constant photon index) in contrast to the dramatic change in the X-ray luminosity, we argue the quiescent state spectrum of BHXTs is actually jet-dominated. Additional observational properties consistent with this jet model are also discussed as supporting evidence.
First measurement of σ8 using supernova magnitudes only
Authors: Castro Tiago , Quartin Miguel 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
A method was recently proposed which allows the conversion of the weak-lensing effects in the Type Ia supernova (SNeIa) Hubble diagram from noise into signal. Such signal is sensitive to the growth of structure in the universe, and in particular can be used as a measurement of σ8 independently from more traditional methods such as those based on the cosmic microwave background, cosmic shear or cluster abundance. We extend here that analysis to allow for intrinsic non-Gaussianities in the supernova probability distribution function, and discuss how this can be best modelled using the Bayes factor. Although it was shown that a precise measurement of σ8 requires ∼105 SNeIa, current data already allow an important proof of principle. In particular, we make use of the 706 supernovae with z ≤ 0.9 of the recent Joint Lightcurve Analysis catalogue and show that a simple treatment of intrinsic non-Gaussianities with a couple of nuisance parameters is enough for our method to yield the values $\,\sigma _8 = 0.84^{+0.28}_{-0.65}\,$ or  σ8 &lt; 1.45  at a 2σ confidence level. This result is consistent with mock simulations and it is also in agreement with independent measurements and presents the first ever measurement of σ8 using SNeIa magnitudes alone.
First Report of Target Leaf Spot Caused by Corynespora cassiicola on Cowpea in China
Authors: Li J.-T. , Mo S.-X. , Fu H.-B. 
Published: June 2014

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) is an important economic vegetable and is widely planted in China. During a survey of diseases in May 2009, a new leaf disease incited by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola was observed on cowpea growing in greenhouses in Shouguang city, Shandong Province, China. Circular lesions of different sizes were present on approximately 40% of the plants. Lesions were round with grayish brown centers surrounded by brownish concentric rings and ranged from 1 to 13 mm in diameter. Leaves with many lesions resulted in chlorosis, wilt, and defoliation. Yellow disk was observed on lesion edges of partly infected leaves. Abundant conidia and conidiophores appeared on the abaxial surface of leaves. To identify the causal pathogen, pieces of tissue from the leading border of lesions were sterilized in 75% ethanol for 1 min, rinsed in sterile water, transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA), and then incubated at 28°C in an incubator. Colonies grew to 60 mm and were gray in color after 7 days. Conidiophores were straight and unbranched, pale or dark brown, and 63 to 211 × 4 to 8 μm. Conidia were born singly or in chains, obclavate or cylindrical, brown or olivaceous, 33 to 97 × 5 to 11 μm. Based on the above characteristics, the fungus was similar to C. cassiicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis.) C.T. Wei (2). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified using primers ITS1 and ITS2 and deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KC894915). A BLAST search in GenBank indicated precise match for a sequence of C. cassiicola from cowpea in American Samoa (1). To satisfy Koch's postulates, 20 one-month-old seedlings of cowpea were sprayed with a spore suspension (1 × 105 spores/ml) of one isolate of C. cassiicola until runoff. Another 20 seedlings, sprayed with sterile water, served as non-inoculated controls. Plants were placed in a humidity chamber at 28°C for 12 h and then transferred to a growth chamber at 28°C. Symptoms similar to those described above appeared after 7 days on inoculated plants; however, no symptoms were observed on non-inoculated controls. C. cassiicola was re-isolated from inoculated plants. The pathogen can cause diseases on a number of plants and lead to losses. In China, this pathogen has previously been recorded on about 20 genera of plants. It also included V. sinensis (3), a close plant with V. unguiculata. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of target leaf spot caused by C. cassiicola on cowpea (V. unguiculata) in China. Control measures may be needed to manage the disease. References: (1) L. J. Dixon et al. Phytopathology 99:1015, 2009. (2) M. B. Ellis. CMI Mycol. Pap. No. 65, 1957. (3) F. L. Tai. Sylloge Fungorum Sinicorum. Science Press, Beijing, 1979.
Race Affects Outcome Among Infants With Intestinal Failure
Authors: Squires Robert H. , Balint Jane , Horslen Simon , Wales Paul W. , Soden Jason , Duggan Christopher , Li Ruosha , Belle Steven H. ,   Pediatric Intestinal Failure Consortium
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTObjective:Intestinal failure (IF) is a rare, devastating condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We sought to determine whether ethnic and racial differences were associated with patient survival and likelihood of receiving an intestinal transplant in a contemporary cohort of children with IF.Methods:This was an analysis of a multicenter cohort study with data collected from chart review conducted by the Pediatric Intestinal Failure Consortium. Entry criteria included infants ≤12 months receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) for ≥60 continuous days and studied for at least 2 years. Outcomes included death and intestinal transplantation (ITx). Race and ethnicity were recorded as they were in the medical record. For purposes of statistical comparisons and regression modeling, categories of race were consolidated into “white” and “nonwhite” children.Results:Of 272 subjects enrolled, 204 white and 46 nonwhite children were available for analysis. The 48‐month cumulative incidence probability of death without ITx was 0.40 for nonwhite and 0.16 for white children (P < 0.001); the cumulative incidence probability of ITx was 0.07 for nonwhite versus 0.31 for white children (P = 0.003). The associations between race and outcomes remained after accounting for low birth weight, diagnosis, and being seen at a transplant center.Conclusions:Race is associated with death and receiving an ITx in a large cohort of children with IF. This study highlights the need to investigate reasons for this apparent racial disparity in outcome among children with IF.
Historiography for accounting
Authors: D. Carnegie Garry 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the historiographic writings for accounting concerned with the craft of researching and writing history, published in the English-language, across a period of 30 years from 1983 to 2012. The study's aim is three-fold: first, to review the literature pertaining to the writing of accounting history and to identify key developments and trends; second, to identify the contributors to this literature and their publication outlets and third, to analyze citations to identify individuals or groups who have gained traction in accounting historiography.Design/methodology/approach– An essay focusing on developments in the accounting historiography literature as well as a review of some key thoughts or issues in present-day accounting historiography.Findings– The study shows that a key development in the accounting historiography literature during this period has been the advent of new accounting history, which has contributed much theoretical and topical diversity in historical accounting research and an acceptance of the role of oral history as a means of expanding the archive.Research limitations/implications– The present study, with its focus on contributions on the craft of researching and writing history, does not itself examine actual research studies which have been undertaken on accounting's past across the same period of time.Originality/value– The study may assist in making the contributions examined more generally assessable and comprehensible to researchers to both explore and re-explore and may even contribute to the development of further contributions on accounting historiography to guide the approaches to, and direction of, historical accounting research in future.
Searching for new saving behavior theories
Authors: Eriksson Kent , Hermansson Cecilia 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a model of bank advisor/customer relationships and customer saving behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research is a theoretical review and model development of savings behavior and bank advisor/customer relationships. The review is used for the development of a model of bank advisor/customer relationships, and their effect on savings behavior.

Findings
– Findings are a model that distinguishes three kinds of exchange (relational, interimistic, and transaction) in between bank advisor and customer. The three kinds of exchange then influence customer savings behavior.

Research limitations/implications
– The implications of this research is that it points to that relationship marketing theory can be used in the analysis of how bank advisors influence customer savings behavior.

Practical implications
– For regulators and financial services firms, these findings point to how the role of bank advisors for consumer savings behavior can be analyzed. This is important, as much policy work presumes that advisors influence customer savings behavior, but the knowledge base for that presumption needs to be better understood.

Social implications
– The paper contributes toward a better understanding of the social exchange between bank employees and customers as regards savings products.

Originality/value
– This paper is original because it includes many theoretical research fields, and because it connects the bank advisor and customer relationship with the customer's savings behavior.
Violence and the perceived risks of taking antiretroviral therapy in US jails and prisons
Authors: J. Culbert Gabriel 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– About one in five men living with HIV in the USA passes through a correctional center annually. Jails and prisons are seen therefore as key intervention sites to promote HIV treatment as prevention. Almost no research, however, has examined inmates’ perspectives on HIV treatment or their strategies for retaining access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) during incarceration. The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of an exploratory study examining men's perceptions of and experiences with HIV care and ART during incarceration.

Design/methodology/approach
– Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 42 HIV positive male and male-to-female transgendered persons recently released from male correctional centers in Illinois, USA.

Findings
– Interpersonal violence, a lack of safety, and perceived threats to privacy were frequently cited barriers to one's willingness and ability to access and adhere to treatment. Over 60 percent of study participants reported missed doses or sustained treatment interruption (greater than two weeks) because of failure to disclose their HIV status, delayed prescribing, intermittent dosing and out-of-stock medications, confiscation of medications, and medication strikes.

Research limitations/implications
– Substantial improvements in ART access and adherence are likely to follow organizational changes that make incarcerated men feel safer, facilitate HIV status disclosure, and better protect the confidentiality of inmates receiving ART.

Originality/value
– This study identified novel causes of ART non-adherence among prisoners and provides first-hand information about how violence, stigma, and the pursuit of social support influence prisoner's decisions to disclose their HIV status or accept ART during incarceration.
An assistive household robot – doing more than just cleaning
Authors: Kantorovitch Julia , Väre Janne , Pehkonen Vesa , Laikari Arto , Seppälä Heikki 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to create new ideas for assistive technology products at home, especially products utilizing robotic consumer appliances available in the homes of elderly people. The work was founded on a reported increase in household robots as well as an ageing population in the industrialized world.

Design/methodology/approach
– Technology should be something that is perceived as belonging to our own world that fits our daily practices. Earlier studies show that in addition to cleaning functions, new household robots could change home routines and people's relationship to them. Taking the previous studies as a starting point, the paper proposes a vacuum cleaner robot as a platform for developing pervasive safety services and describe implementation of a conceptual prototype which brings the feeling of safety to an older person and their relatives by assisting in case of accidents. Moreover, the results are presented of an empirical evaluation of the prototype with end-users.

Findings
– It is proved that reasonably priced off-the-shelf components can be used to build the safety product demonstration model. The initial evaluation results, as well as referenced studies show that the acceptance rate of a household robot-based product is high, which is encouraging for further research in this domain. Also the paper could pinpoint areas that will require further work.

Research limitations/implications
– To add more practicality to the research and move towards product development, a strong industrial partner involved in household robotics would be needed. For increased reliability and robustness, more research is required in areas of advanced sensing technology and decision algorithms.

Originality/value
– A novel concept of a safety product for elderly care based on a vacuum cleaner robot is presented and an attempt is made to increase awareness that there will be a demand for such products.
Moving forward
Authors: G. Wang Greg , Zhang Yichi , Lamond David , Ke Jie 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to review the current status of theJournal of Chinese Human Resource Management(JCHRM) in this initial stage and present a number of emerging unique Chinese phenomena for scholarly attention in relation to JCHRM entering its fifth year.Design/methodology/approach– Based on a review of JCHRM's status, we further reviewed literature and media reports to identify new research opportunities for indigenous Chinese human resource management (HRM) research.Findings– JCHRM has demonstrated its strength and uniqueness in contributing to management knowledge production and dissemination in the first four years, thanks to enthusiastic support from the worldwide research community. Moving forward, we identify a number of intriguing indigenous phenomena, including distinctive social political contexts in state-owned enterprises, emerging trends in embracing the Party Branches (dang zhi bu, Fixed graphic 1) by multinational corporations (MNCs) in China and the indigenous Chinese suzhi (Fixed graphic 2) phenomenon, for new opportunities in Chinese HRM research.Research limitations/implications– The three indigenous phenomena constitute only a few samples. Developing a theoretical understanding of Chinese HRM phenomena has a long way to go. Continued inquiries in this area will not only help build local knowledge on complex organizational dynamics but also enrich the overall management knowledge base.Originality/value– We review the status of JCHRM in its first four years and bring a sample of intriguing indigenous Chinese phenomena to the attention of the worldwide scholarly community for future research.
Personal characteristics, business relationships and entrepreneurial performance
Authors: Carlos Pinho Jose , Sampaio de Sá Elisabete 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of individual and relational factors on new ventures’ performance. Particular emphasis is given to entrepreneurs’ personal attributes and business relationships (both social and institutional).Design/methodology/approach– Drawn upon a quantitative methodological approach, the current study relies on a survey questionnaire applied to a sample of entrepreneurial firms which were set up in the last four to five years in different industries.Findings– This study found that support from central government, from sector associations and from a financial institution evidenced a difference of means along three categories of entrepreneurial performance (low, moderate and high). The same result was found in the case of the entrepreneur's family support, previous knowledge about potential customers and previous experience in business. Influence from entrepreneur's personal characteristics, such as personal qualities; intuition that he/she is in the presence of an innovative and unique business and need for self-achievement, was also observed.Practical implications– Since entrepreneurial activity is considered an important driver of a country's economic development and growth, it is hoped that governments and sector associations put in place suitable policies and incentives to develop an entrepreneurial culture and mainly reduce the burden of bureaucracy for new ventures.Originality/value– The present study suggests that entrepreneurial performance is the result of a combination of personal and context-based factors and neither can be explained by a single set of entrepreneurial personal characteristics nor a set of more or less institutional relationships.
Initial temperature of seed germination as related to species occurrence along a temperature gradient
Authors: Rosbakh Sergey , Poschlod Peter 
Published: June 2014

SummaryReproductive stages of life cycle are important for the explanation of distribution patterns of plant species at different scales, due to their extreme vulnerability to environmental conditions. Despite reported evidences that seed germination is related to habitat macroclimatic characteristics such as mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation, the role of this trait in controlling plant species distribution is not systematically and quantitatively evaluated yet.Using the data on seed germination along a temperature gradient for 49 species originating from contrasting climatic conditions, we test here whether initial temperature of seed germination (Tmin) is a direct correlate for predicting species distribution ranges along the temperature gradient.Our study reveals thatTminis strongly negatively correlated with habitat temperature; among the studied species,Tminclearly increased with decreasingMAT(r2 = 0·57,P < 0·001). Considering phylogenetic biases, co‐evolution of seed traits as well as precipitation along with microclimatic factors did not affect the strength of this relationship.The results suggest that theTmin–MATrelation can provide insights particularly into species distribution patterns, vegetation dynamics and community assembly rules along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. We argue that including theTminin species distribution models may help to improve the accuracy and specificity of predictions of vegetation shifts under global change scenarios.