bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iterative alignment discovery of speech-associated neural activity
Authors: Rabbani Qinwan , Shah Samyak , Milsap Griffin , Fifer Matthew , Hermansky Hynek , Crone Nathan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) have the potential to preserve or restore speech in patients with neurological disorders that weaken the muscles involved in speech production. However, successful training of low-latency speech synthesis and recognition models requires alignment of neural activity with intended phonetic or acoustic output with high temporal precision. This is particularly challenging in patients who cannot produce audible speech, as ground truth with which to pinpoint neural activity synchronized with speech is not available. Approach. In this study, we present a new iterative algorithm for neural voice activity detection (nVAD) called iterative alignment discovery dynamic time warping (IAD-DTW) that integrates DTW into the loss function of a deep neural network (DNN). The algorithm is designed to discover the alignment between a patient’s electrocorticographic (ECoG) neural responses and their attempts to speak during collection of data for training BCI decoders for speech synthesis and recognition. Main results. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm, we tested its accuracy in predicting the onset and duration of acoustic signals produced by able-bodied patients with intact speech undergoing short-term diagnostic ECoG recordings for epilepsy surgery. We simulated a lack of ground truth by randomly perturbing the temporal correspondence between neural activity and an initial single estimate for all speech onsets and durations. We examined the model’s ability to overcome these perturbations to estimate ground truth. IAD-DTW showed no notable degradation (<1% absolute decrease in accuracy) in performance in these simulations, even in the case of maximal misalignments between speech and silence. Significance. IAD-DTW is computationally inexpensive and can be easily integrated into existing DNN-based nVAD approaches, as it pertains only to the final loss computation. This approach makes it possible to train speech BCI algorithms using ECoG data from patients who are unable to produce audible speech, including those with Locked-In Syndrome.
A Bayesian theory of market impact
Authors: Saddier Louis , Marsili Matteo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The available liquidity at any time in financial markets falls largely short of the typical size of the orders that institutional investors would trade. In order to reduce the impact on prices due to the execution of large orders, traders in financial markets split large orders into a series of smaller ones, which are executed sequentially. The resulting sequence of trades is called a meta-order. Empirical studies have revealed a non-trivial set of statistical laws on how meta-orders affect prices, which include (i) the square-root behaviour of the expected price variation with the total volume traded, (ii) its crossover to a linear regime for small volumes and (iii) a reversion of average prices towards its initial value, after the sequence of trades is over. Here we recover this phenomenology within a minimal theoretical framework where the market sets prices by incorporating all information on the direction and speed of trade of the meta-order in a Bayesian manner. The simplicity of this derivation lends further support to the robustness and universality of market impact laws. In particular, it suggests that the square-root impact law originates from over-estimation of order flows originating from meta-orders.
An FPGA-based parallel deconvolution application envisaging high-energy calorimeters operating under severe pile-up conditions
Authors: Luz Igo A.S. , Simas Filho Eduardo F. , Farias Paulo C.M.A. , de Andrade Filho Luciano M. , Seixas J.M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Signal pileup may arise when the system response time is
larger than what would be required by the event rate in the
application. In this condition, information superposition occurs,
and signal estimation is deteriorated due to such information
distortion. For online applications, mitigating such a pileup
distortion usually requires embedded digital signal processing,
which often involves FPGA-based designs when high event rates are a
concern. Recently, high-energy particle experiments started facing
an unprecedented increase in pileup conditions, which demanded new
approaches for signal estimation. This work proposes a dedicated
parallel signal processing system embedded on an FPGA platform that
implements different filtering techniques for online energy
reconstruction in calorimeters (energy measurement) operating under
severe pileup conditions. Each designed filter is an inverse
approximation of the calorimeter readout channel's impulse response,
performing deconvolution of the incoming signals. Such a
deconvolution approach for energy estimation was recently
introduced, and the proposed filters were implemented in this
work. Evaluation of the digital system design was performed using a
data set that considers a typical high-energy calorimeter front-end
response, as high-luminosity particle collider experiments produce
high pileup distortions in calorimeter signals when processing the
subproducts of the collisions. As the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
provides the most demanding conditions in terms of signal pileup,
the acquisition system of the proposed solution is synchronous with
its collision rate (40 MHz). The results showed that the proposed
implementation may be applied as a preprocessing (pileup reduction)
step in calorimeter instrumentation and could reduce the signal
pileup within the fast response time required by such experiments.
Metrics for quantifying the efficiency of atmospheric CO2 reduction by marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR)
Authors: Yamamoto Kana , DeVries Tim , Siegel David A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) is gaining interest as a tool to meet global climate goals. Because the response of the ocean–atmosphere system to mCDR takes years to centuries, modeling is required to assess the impact of mCDR on atmospheric CO2 reduction. Here, we use a coupled ocean–atmosphere model to quantify the atmospheric CO2 reduction in response to a CDR perturbation. We define two metrics to characterize the atmospheric CO2 response to both instantaneous ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) and direct air capture (DAC): the cumulative additionality (α) measures the reduction in atmospheric CO2 relative to the magnitude of the CDR perturbation, while the relative efficiency (ϵ) quantifies the cumulative additionality of mCDR relative to that of DAC. For DAC, α is 100% immediately following CDR deployment, but declines to roughly 50% by 100 years post-deployment as the ocean degasses CO2 in response to the removal of carbon from the atmosphere. For instantaneous OAE, α is zero initially and reaches a maximum of 40%–90% several years to decades later, depending on regional CO2 equilibration rates and ocean circulation processes. The global mean ϵ approaches 100% after 40 years, showing that instantaneous OAE is nearly as effective as DAC after several decades. However, there are significant geographic variations, with ϵ approaching 100% most rapidly in the low latitudes while ϵ stays well under 100% for decades to centuries near deep and intermediate water formation sites. These metrics provide a quantitative framework for evaluating sequestration timescales and carbon market valuation that can be applied to any mCDR strategy.
Reservoir temperature assessment by multicomponent geothermometry through a case study of Patuha Geothermal Field, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumasari B A , Kashiwaya K , Tada Y , Rahayudin Y , Koike K 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to establish a reliable method for accurately estimating reservoir temperature in the Patuha Geothermal Field (PGF), a vapor-dominated reservoir. The current power generation is in the southern region of PGF, known for its high potential, while the northern region, a largely underexplored area due to limited subsurface data, presents an intriguing challenge. To address this, multicomponent geothermometry was adopted to assess the northern reservoir temperature. This method utilizes comprehensive chemical analysis and mineral saturation indices (SI) for precise temperature assessments. Optimization identified key minerals for better SI clustering. Multicomponent geothermometry estimated the reservoir temperature at 245°C, while classical solute geothermometry (quartz, chalcedony, Na-K-Ca, Na-K, and K-Mg) provided a range of 220-260 °C. Despite similar results, multicomponent geothermometry is considered more accurate as it accounts for various processes during water ascent. The optimization identified quartz, anhydrite, actinolite, calcite, illite, kaolinite, wairakite, and epidote as minerals, providing better SI clustering. Thus, multicomponent geothermometry outperforms classical solute geothermometry in vapor-dominated reservoirs like PGF, mainly when fluids are not in complete chemical equilibrium with reservoir minerals. This method’s broader application potential for straightforward analysis using standard geochemical data without intricate analyses promises significant advancements in geothermal research.
Assessing the impact of temperature on employee health in Binh Duong province
Authors: Tuyet N H A , Than N H 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBinh Duong is a locality with strong economic growth in the region and attracts a lot of workers across the country. This study was conducted to assess heat-related health risks for employees in Binh Duong province in 2020 by the heat index and wet bulb globe temperature. The results indicate that the HI of 12 months is very high, between 34°C and 61°C. Most months are classified as dangerous levels of II-IV that affect workers’ health, especially in June, October, and November. The WBGT values are also light high, ranging from 31°C to 42°C, exceeding the limitation value of WBGT regulated at QCVN 26:2016/BYT for all kinds of works, even with the exposing time being below 25% of working time. Research results indicate that heat hazards from solar energy are of great concern in working conditions.
Coastal Resilience: A Comparative Analysis on the Landscape Management of Tanjung Lesung Beach and Puerto Galera Beach
Authors: Secugal A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Coastal communities in the Southeast Asian region are presently at risk from natural disasters emerging from climate change. Along with these situations are landscape-based solutions that arise immediate concerns for the landscape management approaches for coastal areas, aiming at reduction of threats toward communities. Beach communities like in Tanjung Lesung in Banten, Indonesia, and Puerto Galera in Oriental Mindoro in the Philippines have become subject contexts in this comparative study, considering that potential landscape management solutions have been observed from some cultures in both places, which may promote profound techniques that are cultivated from Southeast Asia. This research employs SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and PEST (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological) frameworks to evaluate the environmental features of both Tanjung Lesung and Puerto Galera. These methods were preassigned to investigate their advantages in studying the landscape and their capacity to provide valuable insights for the development of both destination’s Landscape Character Management Plan. Structured around four interrelated objectives: (1) geospatial integration, (2) indicator system development, (3) synergistic integration, and (4) landscape management enhancement, the research utilizes a multifaceted approach. This includes desk reviews, observations, interviews with key informants, and mapping, supplementing the SWOT-PEST analysis. In doing so, an integrated methodological framework set in a spatial context was the result leading to determining strategic areas, nodes, and networks that are crucial to improving the environment, primarily characterized as the coastal landscapes, thus serving as potential coastal landscape management references of other coastal landscape areas with similar conditions in the Southeast Asian region.
Perceptions of commercial plants and tree nurseries in the use of native forest tree species for urban landscaping activities in municipalities of Los Baños and Bay, Philippines
Authors: Piñon A , Tolentino E , Carandang W , Calderon M 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUrban greening using native forest tree species (NFTs) has been increasingly recognized to achieve more livable, healthier, and resilient cities. However, despite having diverse genetic reserves, full utilization of NFTs in the country has not been fully realized. This restricts the mass production of seedlings for urban greening activities. As such, this study was carried out to determine the perceptions of commercial plants and tree nurseries in the use of NFTs for urban greening in municipalities of Los Baños and Bay, Philippines using the snowball sampling technique of Key Informant Interviews (KII). A total of 32 respondents were interviewed. Out of 85 species of trees identified, 51.16% (Los Baños) and 35.29% (Bay) were native. Most buyers planted their seedlings in private gardens (37.62%), subdivisions (12.38%), and private resorts (11.90%). About 18% of respondents sourced out their propagules from local sellers, followed by purchasing ready-to-plant seedlings from nearby towns (e.g. Talisay, Batangas) (14.11%) and Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve (10.58%). Unfamiliarity (21.69%) with the potential of native species seemingly impedes their popularity as urban trees. Over 23% of respondents believed that native trees help enhance the urban biodiversity and more than 43% have mentioned that buyers used leaves as the basis for species selection. Meanwhile, seedlings of seed origin are the most common (about 35%) mode of seedling production. Finally, the study revealed thatPterocarpus indicusis the topmost common native forest tree species being used for urban greening in the subject municipalities and therefore warranted to be used for further studies.
Green Lane Planning for Safety, Beauty, and Reduction of the Diffusion of Air Pollutants to the Environment in the Boyolali Interchange on Semarang-Solo Toll Road
Authors: Setyawan F M , Nasrullah N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The high mobility of people requires fast transportation making toll roads as an alternative route to break up congestion and shorten the distance to a place. The availability of toll roads that are passed by many motorized vehicles, causes air pollution. To reduce the impact of air pollution, greenery is needed that can absorb exhaust emissions. In this study, motor vehicle exhaust emissions focus on NO2 gas. The purpose of this study was to analyze the emission of NO2 gas pollutants from motor vehicles, the absorption capacity of NO2 by vegetation, and to plan green lane that can improve the quality of the interchange landscape. The research was conducted at the Boyolali Interchange. The research method used is descriptive-quantitative based on the potential and constraints on the site, as well as analysis of emissions and vegetation that can absorb NO2 gas pollutants. Based on the results of the analysis, the development of green lane space is divided based on the function of vegetation which includes clear zone, cushion planting, aesthetics, identity, conservation, and guides which it supported with trees, and shrubs. The area of land that has the potential to be developed into green lane is 41,956.3 m2. The volume of vehicles is 66,637 per day with the resulting NO2 gas emission of 57.797 g. After planning, the emission that can be absorbed by plants is 48,293.50 g. Planned green lane of the Boyolali Interchange can reduce 83,56% of NO2 gas emissions released by motorized vehicles.
Study of the Procurement of Landscape Plant Nurseries in Sukamantri Village Tamansari Sub-district Bogor Regency
Authors: Sonjaya M P , Budiarti T 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Nurserymen play an important role in the landscape industry by producing and providing plants according to the required specifications. Sukamantri Village is one of the centers of landscape plant production and sales in Bogor Regency. The main problem faced by the nursery is the fluctuating demand for landscape plants, which can cause a shortage or excess of plant stock. This research was conducted in Sukamantri Village, Tamansari Sub-district, Bogor Regency, from November 2022 to February 2023. This study aims to obtain information on the variety of plants in the nurseries and analyze the problems in order to obtain recommendations for the development and sustainability of the nursery. Data obtained through surveys, interviews, and secondary data. They were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively using the SWOT approach regarding internal and external factors in the procurement of landscape plants. The results show the variety of plants includes indoor and outdoor ornamental plants, herbal plants, and fruit plant seedlings. The problem faced is the decline in domestic and foreign sales. Some of the recommended strategies include developing human resource skills, improving production technology, better planning production, promoting on social media, and expanding the market by strengthening networks.
Socio-Spatial Analysis of Indigenous Cultural Tourism Sites: A Comparative Study of Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng, Bogor, Indonesia and Tam-Awan Village, Baguio City, Philippines
Authors: Centeno D DG 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The diversified image and expanded settings of tourism in cultural landscapes pose an interesting challenge in preserving their tangible and intangible aspects and strengthening their relationships and representations. The study focuses on the comparative socio-spatial analysis of two mountainous cultural tourism sites — Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia, and Tam-Awan Village in Baguio City, Benguet, Philippines — with the local cultures of Sundanese and Ifugao, respectively. The study aims to understand the local cultures of Sundanese and Ifugao through their cultural activities present, to identify the natural and human-made landscape assets and their organization that reflect their cultures, and to study how these landscape assets are used by tourists. The research utilizes a descriptive qualitative approach and a comparative case study research design model through participatory observation, digital mapping, and thematic analysis. Data are translated on how each culture’s social structures are represented through the physical elements and how users act on it as representations of the culture, in return. Data shows differences in the sites’ socio-spatiality and representations. Cinangneng provides first-hand teaching and demonstration in the guided and controlled tours, while Tam-Awan offers a more flexible and self-directed learning through visual aids. The major physical difference of the sites are the topography and slopes, affecting the location of the built up structures and the pedestrian movement around them, creating Cinangneng’s passive and controlled experience and Tam-Awan’s active user experience. Understanding the socio-spatial relationships of these sites can help tourism policymakers, planners, managers, and other related stakeholders in recognizing cultural landscapes, their elements and spatial organization, and their representations in the evolving values of different cultures, especially in the Southeast Asian region.
Development of Time Period Expression of Regular and Irregular Buildings Using Statistical Procedure
Authors: Chaitanya R K , Rahul  , Chandradhara G P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The present study aims to develop a natural-period equation for buildings under different conditions, considering factors influencing the natural period. It includes the seismic responses of both regular and irregular structural configurations with various parameters of the natural period when subjected to horizontal disturbance. The parametric study considers a new empirical relationship between the building’s fundamental period and various factors influencing the natural period, such as stiffness, mass, and building height. Two different structural configurations, beam-column-framed structures, are studied. Different countries seismic codes are used for parametric studies. Building models are done using Etabs software, and a new formula for calculating the building period is proposed using principal component analysis. A time-period equation is obtained using multiple regression analysis using SPSS software. The developed period equation is found to be effective in estimating the time period of regular and irregular buildings.
Numerical Analysis on Fatigue Behavior of Plain Concrete and Alkali-activated Concrete
Authors: Sushanthkumar K V , Channappa T M , Prashanth M H , Chaitra A R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Alkali-activated concrete (AAC) has recently gained a lot of potential to become one of the most recommended sustainable replacements for Ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC). In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to study the static and fatigue flexural behavior of AAC compared to that of OPCC by using numerical modeling FEA software, ABAQUS. The nonlinear behavior of the stress-strain curve of the concrete has been studied using the concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model. A 2D notched beam was modelled using plane stress condition and three-point bending tests were performed under monotonic loading to obtain the static behavior of concrete. The result obtained has been utilized to fix the loading range for cyclic loads in fatigue analysis and at different loading frequencies. The load-CMOD curves and load-deflection curves were obtained for both static and fatigue loading, and the number of cycles to failure during fatigue. From the results, it has been observed that the Ordinary Portland cement concrete specimens sustain more load than that of Alkali-activated concrete under monotonic loading. However, AAC has shown more resistance to fatigue than that of the OPCC and the frequency of loading significantly influences the fatigue performance.
Soil structure interaction studies on earth retaining wall
Authors: Ahmed Shaik Kabeer , Absana  , Shenoy Sundip 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The paper offers a brand-new analytical technique for figuring out retaining wall natural frequencies, which are essential for seismic design. Using translational and torsion springs to account for soil-backfill interaction and foundation flexibility, the approach applies the theory of beams on elastic foundations. There are three closed-form techniques offered for figuring out the natural frequencies of flexural and stiff modes. The analytical model takes into account several kinds of retaining walls and the interactions between soil and structure that go along with them, such as active, passive, and dynamic earth pressures. To make the analysis simpler, certain assumptions are made about the behaviour of the structure and the state of the soil. The suggested technique provides a trustworthy means of assessing retaining wall behaviour during seismic events, which is crucial for guaranteeing structural stability and averting failure.