bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the conventional and digital intraoral radiography methods for root canal length measurement
Authors: Salemi Fatemeh , Saati Samira , Falah-Kooshki Sepideh 
Published: May 2015

Objective: Measurement of root canal length is one of the most important stages of endodentic treatment, and any error at this stage can lead to the failure. This study aimed to compare conventional and digital intraoral radiography in measurement of root canal length. Material and Methods: In this study, 35 single-canal maxillary teeth were collected. Access cavities were prepared. An endodontic number 10#K- file was introduced into the canal, until the tip was visible at the apical foramen and the actual canal length (gold standard) was determined. After acquisition conventional radiographs using E-Ektaspeed and F-Insight film (Eastman-Kodak Co. Rochester, NY, USA) and digital radiographs using Photostimulable Phosphor Plates(PSP) (Soredex, Helsinki, Finland) and Charge Coupled Devices (CCD)(RVG, Trophy,NY,USA). they were examined separately with a two-week interval by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s tests using SPSS-19 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Result: No statistically significant difference was observed between different radiographies, and different observers (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, in comparison with the gold standard, in all cases, the F-speed conventional radiography and the digital CCD radiography showed the highest and the lowest accuracy, respectively. Also, the PSP and the E-speed conventional radiography were in the second and third order of accuracy, respectively. Conclusion: The use of digital radiography does not improve the accuracy of the root canal length measurement,but the digital technique has advantages,such as the reduced patient exposure ,eliminating the time consuming processing stages, and producing fast images.
Dental caries on distal surface of mandibular second molars
Authors: Silva Hudson Oliveira , Pinto Antonione Santos Bezerra , Pinto Moara e Silva Conceição , Rego Marconi Raphael de Siqueira , Gois Jamyra Ferreira , De Araujo Thyago Leite Campos , Mendes Jean De Pinho 
Published: May 2015

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of distal caries in the second molar influenced by the angulation of the third molar adjacent on panoramic radiographs in a clinical dental radiology. Material and Methods: A descriptive and quantitative study that examined 750 panoramic radiographs, of this total, 120 were in accordance with the inclusion criteria of the study was conducted. Results: 157 seconds and third molars analyzed the prevalence of caries in the distal of the second molar was 25.5%. The most prevalent angle position of the third molar was 57.3% with the vertical, but the position with the highest percentage of decayed molar second distal mesioangular was 50% of the cases. The elements listed, males obtained 40% of second molar distal caries versus 17% for females. People aged 35 or older had the highest incidence with 50% distal caries while other bands obtained 16.21% in the group 18-24 years, and 23.52% in 25-34 years. Conclusion: It was possible to establish a sliding scale on the indication for prophylactic removal of mandibular third molar according to the angulation of Winter: horizontal, mesioangular, vertical and distoangular. One can also see a greater relevance to the indication of prophylactic removal of male individuals aged over 35 years.
Analysis of flexural strength of composite resins polymerized by 2nd and 3rd generation leds
Authors: Massotti Tamires Gonçalves , Barcellos Daphne Camara , Petrucelli Nicolas , Tribst João Paulo , Gonçalves Sérgio Eduardo de Paiva 
Published: May 2015

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of three composite resins using 2nd and 3rd generation LED-based light-curing devices. Material and Methods: Sixty specimens distributed according to the type of resin(Group Z350 - nanoparticle composite resin [Filtek Z350 / 3M ESPE]; Group AP - microhybrid composite Amelogen Plus/Ultradent; Group DF - Group composite resin Durafil l/Heraeus Kulzer), and the light-curing device(Group 2ndG - 2nd generation LED-based curing unit at power density of 500 mW / cm2; Group 3rdG - 3rd generation LED-based curing unit at power density of 1100 MW/cm2).The specimens were stored in a dark, dry container at 37 °C in an incubator for 24 h and submitted to the mini-flexural test on universal test machine (EMIC) to determine the elastic modulus and flexural strength using a three-point test.The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA (Resin Composite X LED) and Tukey test (5%).Results: Concerning to flexural strength (in MPa), ANOVA showed significant in Tukey test for the interaction between the factors: Group Z350/3rdG - 105.36a; Group AP/3rdG – 81.49ab; Group DF/3rdG – 66.43bc; Group AP/2ndG – 66.13bc; Group DF/2ndG: 60.61bc; Group Z350/2ndG: 47,19c. With regard to the modulus of elasticity (in GPa), the results obtained were: Factor resin composite - Group Z350 (8.85a) > Group AP (7.61b) > Group DF (1.94c); Factor LED - Group 3rdG (7.13a) > Group 2ndG (5.14b). Conclusion:It was concluded that the 3rd generation LED (1100 mw/cm2) significant increased the means of the flexural properties of composites. It was also concluded that the result of flexural properties of compositesdepends on the resin material tested. Keywords: Composite resin; Flexural strength; Modulus of elasticity.
“De interpretatione recta...”: Early Modern Theories of Translation
Authors: Zaharia Oana-Alis 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Translation has been essential to the development of languages and cultures throughout the centuries, particularly in the early modern period when it became a cornerstone of the process of transition from Latin to vernacular productions, in such countries as France, Italy, England and Spain. This process was accompanied by a growing interest in defining the rules and features of the practice of translation. The present article aims to examine the principles that underlay the highly intertextual early modern translation theory by considering its classical sources and development. It focuses on subjects that were constantly reiterated in any discussion about translation: the debate concerning the best methods of translation, the sense-for-sense/ word-for-word dichotomy - a topos that can be traced to the discourse on translation initiated by Cicero and Horace and was further developed by the Church fathers, notably St. Jerome, and eventually inherited by both medieval and Renaissance translators. Furthermore, it looks at the differences and continuities that characterise the medieval and Renaissance discourses on translation with a focus on the transition from the medieval, free manner of translation to the humanist, philological one.
Lacan Frames Scorsese’s Paintings in The Age of Innocence
Authors: Farca Paula Anca 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article, which brings together film, psychoanalysis, literature, and art, focuses on the role of paintings in Martin Scorsese’s The Age of Innocence (1993). Scorsese conveys the imprisonment of New York aristocrats within the framework of social conventions and their evasions of social restrictions through his employment of paintings. Because the protagonists’ emotions are not revealed often, the director communicates their dramas and actions with the help of the paintings they own or appear next to. The paintings operate as Jacques Lacan’s Other, an entity that watches over the characters to make sure they conform to its selfperpetuating rules. Scorsese’s use of paintings shows that the characters perform for the Other and seek to maintain the status quo. While most characters perform within a Lacanian symbolic order, their different responses to a variety of paintings underscore the flexibility of the symbolic order.
Canada’s Evolving Crown: From a British Crown to a “Crown of Maples”
Authors: Romaniuk Scott Nicholas , Wasylciw Joshua K. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article examines how instruments have changed the Crown of Canada from 1867 through to the present, how this change has been effected, and the extent to which the Canadian Crown is distinct from the British Crown. The main part of this article focuses on the manner in which law, politics, and policy (both Canadian and non-Canadian) have evolved a British Imperial institution since the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed nearly 150 years ago through to a nation uniquely Canadian as it exists today. The evolution of the Canadian Crown has taken place through approximately fifteen discrete events since the time of Canadian confederation on July 1, 1867. These fifteen events are loosely categorized into three discrete periods: The Imperial Crown (1867-1930), A Shared Crown (1931-1981), and The Canadian Crown (1982-present).
Inside the Diabetic Brain
Authors: Chomova M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
CNS complications resulting from diabetes mellitus (DM) are a problem gaining more acceptance and attention in the recent years. Both types 1 and 2 DM represent an significant risk factor for decreased cognitive functions, memory and learning deficits as well as development of Alzheimer’s disease. Chronic hyperglycemia through protein glycation and increased oxidative stress contributes to brain dysfunction, however increasing evidences suggest that the pathology of DM in the brain involves a progressive and coordinated disruption of insulin signaling, with profound consequences for brain function and plasticity. Since many of the CNS changes observed in diabetic patients and animal models of DM are reminiscent of the changes seen in aging, the theory of advanced brain aging in DM has been proposed. This review summarizes the findings of the literature regarding the effects of DM on the brain in the terms of diabetes-related metabolic derangements and intracellular signaling.
Basal Cell Adenoma of the Upper Lip
Authors: Uhliarova B. , Hanulova K. , Fruhwaldova S. , Konarcik J. , Smitka M. , Svec M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Basal cell adenoma is an uncommon type of monomorphous adenoma of the salivary gland. Its most frequent location is the parotid gland. Its recurrence rate and conversion to basal cell adenocarcinoma after inadequate surgical excision is high. We present a 68-year-old female patient with a basal cell adenoma of the upper lip arising from minor salivary gland.
Differences in antioxidant properties of ginkgo leaves collected from male and female trees
Authors: Koczka Noémi , Móczár Zsuzsanna , Stefanovits-Bányai Éva , Ombódi Attila 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (FRAP method) of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves collected from male and female trees were determined and compared. Different water and aqueous ethanolic (water/ethanol 80/20, V/V) extracts were prepared by varying the time of infusing, boiling and steeping in order to determine the effect of the extraction method on the above parameters. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of ginkgo leaf extracts correlated well with significant correlation coefficients. Slopes of linear regression lines were not statistically different for either sex
Dissolution improvement of solid self-emulsifying drug delivery systems of fenofi brate using an inorganic high surface adsorption material
Authors: Shazly Gamal , Mohsin Kazi 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Solidification of lipid formulations using adsorbents is a recent technique attracting great interest due to its favourable properties including flexibility in dose division, reduction of intra-subject and inter-subject variability, improvement in efficacy/safety profile and enhancement of physical/ chemical stability. The current study aims to convert liquid self-emulsifying/nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS/SNEDDS) into solid SEDDS/SNEDDS and to assess how adsorption of the drug onto an inorganic high surface area material, NeusilinR grade US2 (NUS2), affects its in vitro dissolution performance. Lipid formulation classification systems (LFCS) Type III formulations were designed for the model anti-cholesterol drug fenofibrate. NUS2 was used to solidify the SEDDS/SNEDDS. Particle size and SEM analyses of solid SEDDS/SNEDDS powder were carried out to investigate the adsorption efficiency. In vitro dissolution studies were conducted to compare the developed formulations with the marketed product. The results of characterization studies showed that the use of 50 % (m/m) adsorbent resulted in superior flowability and kept the drug stable is amorphous state. Dissolution studies allow the conclusion that the formulation containing a surfactant of higher water solubility (particularly, Type IIIB SNEDDS) has comparably faster and higher release profiles than Type IIIA (SEDDS) and marketed product
Effect of 1-(phenyl)-N’-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b] indole-3-carbohydrazide on in vitro poliovirus replication
Authors: Santos Patricia Regina , Formagio Anelise S. Nazari , Filho Benedito Prado Dias , Nakamura Celso Vataru , Sarragiotto Maria Helena , Ueda-Nakamura Tania 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The effect of the alkaloid 1-(phenyl)-N’-(4-methoxybenzylidene)- 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carbohydrazide (PMC) on the poliovirus (PV) replication cycle in Vero cells was assayed by inhibition of the cytopathic effect (CPE) and inhibition of plaque forming units (PFU). Both methodologies suggested that the mode of action was avoidance of infection progression in the host cell. The compound was able to prevent CPE and PFU formation when the cells were pretreated with PMC for 24 h prior to PV infection. In addition, when the alkaloid was continuously maintained in the infected cultures, the spread of PV to adjacent cells was impaired. The pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylactic applications are possible situations in which an anti-PV drug might be used. Future studies are needed to elucidate the PMC mode of action and verify the feasibility of PMC use in vivo. No antipicornavirus agent is currently approved for clinical use
Alginate microspheres obtained by the spray drying technique as mucoadhesive carriers of ranitidine
Authors: Szekalska Marta , Amelian Aleksandra , Winnicka Katarzyna 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The present study is aimed at formulation of alginate (ALG) microspheres with ranitidine (RNT) by the spray drying method. Obtained microspheres were characterized for particle size, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, in vitro drug release and zeta potential. Mucoadhesive properties were examined by a texture analyser and three types of adhesive layers - gelatine discs, mucin gel and porcine stomach mucosa. Microspheres showed a smooth surface with narrow particle size distribution and RNT loading of up to 70.9 %. All formulations possessed mucoadhesive properties and exhibited prolonged drug release according to the first-order kinetics. DSC reports showed that there was no interaction between RNT and ALG. Designed microspheres can be considered potential carriers of ranitidine with prolonged residence time in the stomach
Analysis, adaptive control and synchronization of a novel 4-D hyperchaotic hyperjerk system and its SPICE implementation
Authors: Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian , Volos Christos , Pham Viet-Thanh , Madhavan Kavitha 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A hyperjerk system is a dynamical system, which is modelled by an nth order ordinary differential equation with n ⩾ 4 describing the time evolution of a single scalar variable. Equivalently, using a chain of integrators, a hyperjerk system can be modelled as a system of n first order ordinary differential equations with n ⩾ 4. In this research work, a 4-D novel hyperchaotic hyperjerk system has been proposed, and its qualitative properties have been detailed. The Lyapunov exponents of the novel hyperjerk system are obtained as L1 = 0.1448, L2 = 0.0328, L3 = 0 and L4 = −1.1294. The Kaplan-Yorke dimension of the novel hyperjerk system is obtained as DKY= 3.1573. Next, an adaptive backstepping controller is designed to stabilize the novel hyperjerk chaotic system with three unknown parameters. Moreover, an adaptive backstepping controller is designed to achieve global hyperchaos synchronization of the identical novel hyperjerk systems with three unknown parameters. Finally, an electronic circuit realization of the novel jerk chaotic system using SPICE is presented in detail to confirm the feasibility of the theoretical hyperjerk model.
Dependencies among Architectural Views Got from Software Requirements Based on a Formal Model
Authors: Osis Janis , Asnina Erika , Donins Uldis , García-Díaz Vicente 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A system architect has software requirements and some unspecified knowledge about a problem domain (e.g., an enterprise) as source information for assessment and evaluation of possible solutions and getting the target point, a preliminary software design. The solving factor is architect’s experience and expertise in the problem domain (“AS-IS”). A proposed approach is dedicated to assist a system architect in making an appropriate decision on the solution (“TO-BE”). It is based on a formal mathematical model, Topological Functioning Model (TFM). Compliant TFMs can be transformed into software architectural views. The paper demonstrates and discusses tracing dependency links from the requirements to and between the architectural views.
Implementation of Software Configuration Management Process by Models: Practical Experiments and Learned Lessons
Authors: Bartusevics Arturs , Novickis Leonids , Leye Stefan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Nowadays software configuration management process is not only dilemma which system should be used for version control or how to merge changes from one source code branch to other. There are multiple tasks such as version control, build management, deploy management, status accounting, bug tracking and many others that should be solved to support full configuration management process according to most popular quality standards. The main scope of the mentioned process is to include only valid and tested software items to final version of product and prepare a new version as soon as possible. To implement different tasks of software configuration management process, a set of different tools, scripts and utilities should be used. The current paper provides a new model-based approach to implementation of configuration management. Using different models, a new approach helps to organize existing solutions and develop new ones by a parameterized way, thus increasing reuse of solutions. The study provides a general description of new model-based conception and definitions of all models needed to implement a new approach. The second part of the paper contains an overview of criteria, practical experiments and lessons learned from using new models in software configuration management. Finally, further works are defined based on results of practical experiments and lessons learned.
Adopting to Agile Software Development
Authors: Linkevics Gusts 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Agile software development can be made successful, but there is no well-defined way how to achieve this. The problem is that the successful adoption of agile methods and practices is a complex process and this process should be customizable for a particular organization or a team. This research focuses on identification of agile methods and practices. Result of the research is the ranking of agile methods, practices and their usage trends. As some terms of agile software development are interpreted differently in different organizations and teams, terminology used is analyzed. Results of the research can be used as a reference material for those who are planning to adopt agile methods or are looking for the next agile practice to implement. Results will be used for the development of an expert system to support agile adoption.
Specification of the Framework for Evaluating the Efficiency of Mechanisms for Concurrent Processes
Authors: Nazaruk Vladislav , Rusakov Pavel 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to give a specification of the software framework that evaluates the efficiency of different mechanisms for concurrent processes, notably process synchronization mechanisms. The paper discusses the concept of this framework, the potential users of it and some necessary considerations, including assumptions. Further, it defines general requirements for the framework and presents its desired conceptual design. The conclusions and possible directions for future work end the paper.
The Perspective on Data and Control Flow Analysis in Topological Functioning Models by Petri Nets
Authors: Asnina Erika , García-Bustelo Begoña Cristina Pelayo 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The perspective on integration of two mathematical formalisms, i.e., Colored Petri Nets (CPNs) and Topological Functioning Model (TFM), is discussed in the paper. The roots of CPNs are in modeling system functionality. The TFM joins principles of system theory and algebraic topology, and formally bridges the solution domain with the problem domain. It is a base for further automated construction of software design models. The paper discusses a perspective on check of control and data flows in the TFM by CPNs formalism. The research result is definition of mappings from TFMs to CPNs.
Analysis of Questionnaire Results in the Use of BP and ND in Public Administration
Authors: Survilo Larisa , Buksa Ilze , Gaidukovs Andrejs , Shendryk Vira 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The goal of effective public administration is to provide qualitative services to citizens. Due to the increasing use of information and communication technologies (ICT), e-government is one of the possible solutions in achieving this goal. This solution includes a good understanding and management of the existing business processes, the use of normative documents and the effective use of information systems in public administration. To get the current view of all mentioned necessary components, the questionnaire was made. This paper is devoted to the analysis of questionnaire results. As a result of the analysis, hypotheses for further study are set.
Diagnostics of separately excited DC motor based on analysis and recognition of signals using FFT and Bayes classifier
Authors: Glowacz Witold , Glowacz Zygfryd 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this article results of diagnostic investigations of separately excited DC motor were presented. In diagnostics were applied a Fourier analysis method based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and a recognition method using Bayes classifier. In training process a set of the most important frequencies has been determined for which differences of corresponding signals in two states are the largest. Three categories of signals have been recognized in identification process: faultless state, state of the rotor broken one coil and state of the rotor shorted three coils.