bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular mechanisms of paralogous compensation and the robustness of cellular networks
Authors: Diss Guillaume , Ascencio Diana , DeLuna Alexander , Landry Christian R. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTRobustness is the ability of a system to maintain its function despite environmental or genetic perturbation. Genetic robustness is a key emerging property of living systems and is achieved notably by the presence of partially redundant parts that result from gene duplication. Functional overlap between paralogs allows them to compensate for each other's loss, as commonly revealed by aggravating genetic interactions. However, the molecular mechanisms linking the genotype (loss of function of a gene) to the phenotype (genetic buffering by a paralog) are still poorly understood and the molecular aspects of this compensation are rarely addressed in studies of gene duplicates. Here, we review molecular mechanisms of functional compensation between paralogous genes, many of which from studies that were not meant to study this phenomenon. We propose a standardized terminology and, depending on whether or not the molecular behavior of the intact gene is modified in response to the deletion of its paralog, we classify mechanisms of compensation into passive and active events. We further describe three non‐exclusive mechanisms of active paralogous compensation for which there is evidence in the literature: changes in abundance, in localization, and in protein interactions. This review will serve as a framework for the genetic and molecular analysis of paralogous compensation, one of the universal features of genetic systems. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 322B: 488–499, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Isolated limb infusion: Technical aspects
Authors: Kroon Hidde M. , Huismans Annemarleen , Waugh Richard C. , Kam Peter C.A. , Thompson John F. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the technique of isolated limb infusion (ILI) for regional high dose chemotherapy in patients with advanced malignancies confined to a limb, as currently practiced at Melanoma Institute Australia (MIA).BackgroundILI is progressively being used around the world but to date the reported response rates are generally lower than those reported by MIA.DiscussionThis description of the ILI protocol at MIA provides details that may allow other surgeons to improve results. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:352–356. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A dual polarization, broadband, millimeter‐wave reflectarray using modified cross loop element
Authors: Wang Quan , Shao Zhenhai , Li PengKai , Li Long , Cheng YuJian 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA Ka‐band reflectarray consisting of modified cross loop is investigated in this article for millimeter‐wave broadband dual‐polarization applications. It consists of 40 × 40 unit cells that covered an area of 200 × 200 mm2 and a multimode conical horn antenna which is connected to an orthomode transducer as the offset feed. Its unit cell is composed of a solid cross inside and a cross loop outside, which can lead to nearly 550° linear phase shift curve by varying its length. After this proposed structure has been analyzed and compared with the traditional wideband element (i.e., double cross loop), it is used in the reflectarray. An equivalent circuit model with an insightful field distribution is used to analyze their different behaviors when it resonated at the same operating frequency. For vertical and horizontal polarization modes, the peak gain are measured to be 34.3 and 33.5 dB, the aperture efficiency are 48.6% and 40.4% at the center frequency of 32 GHz, respectively. The 1.5 dB gain bandwidth are close to 18% and 15%, which is better than conventional millimeter‐wave single‐layer ones. This new reflectarray antenna is especially useful for millimeter‐wave broadband dual‐polarization applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:287–293, 2014
Tolpa for mm‐wave: A wideband low profile, omnidirectional vertically polarized antenna
Authors: Zürcher Jean‐Francois 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn an article (Zürcher, Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55 (2013), 516–521) published in 2013, a new antenna called tripod omnidirectional low profile Antenna has been presented. It is vertically polarized and has a radiation pattern similar to the classical monopole on a ground plane, with numerous potential applications for mobile communications, UWB, and others. The present article describes a scaled version of this antenna designed to work at mm‐wave frequencies. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:310–313, 2014
Compact equilateral triangular patch antenna with slot loading
Authors: Dasgupta Sanghamitra , Gupta Bhaskar , Saha Hiranmoy 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThis article presents a comparative study on the effects of different slot shapes on the size reduction of a microstrip patch antenna. The antenna investigated consists of a triangular shaped patch using air as substrate which is primarily used for cost effectiveness and ease of fabrication. At first, the effect of slot loading on the patch antenna for compactness is investigated using circular slots and then triangular, rectangular, star shaped, and folded rectangular slots are introduced on the microstrip patch and their effects are studied too. The simulated and measured results show that the size reduction is achieved by 18.86, 27.35, 27.77, 29.8, and 43.47%, respectively, for these cases compared to a conventional triangular patch antenna operating at the same center frequency. It is worth mentioning that this communication presents maximum reduction in size reported so far for equilateral triangular patch antennas, apart from overcoming some significant drawbacks of other compact equilateral triangular patch antennas reported earlier in literature. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:268–274, 2014
Design of a dual‐band GPS antenna using a coupled feeding structure for high isolation in a small array
Authors: Byun Gangil , Kim Sunwoo , Choo Hosung 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThis article proposes a novel feeding mechanism to improve the isolation characteristics in the GPS L1 and L2 bands for electromagnetically small arrays (aperture diameter < λ). In the mechanism, a feeding patch is sandwiched between two radiating patches and excited by two pins with a 90° phase difference. To improve the isolation, ceramic with a high dielectric constant is used as the antenna substrate, and then four identical antennas are mounted on the ground platform. The results prove that the proposed design approach can achieve high isolation in the arrays. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:359–362, 2014
Circularly polarized CPW‐fed monopole antenna with loaded cross patch for WLAN/HiperLAN applications
Authors: Pouyanfar Negin , Azarmanesh Mohammad Naghi 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTDesign and implementation of a circularly polarized (CP) coplanar (CPW) fed monopole antenna loaded with parasitic cross‐shaped patch is presented in this article. The proposed single layer antenna composed of a C‐shaped radiator and square ground plane loaded with a cross‐shaped parasitic patch, which is capable of generating a resonant mode for exciting two orthogonal electric fields with the same amplitudes and consequently circular polarization. Compared to the conventional CP antennas which usually are using square slot configuration, the presented antenna has a very simple structure and broad axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The designed CP monopole antenna has a very compact size of 0.4 λ × 0.4 λ × 0.015 λ (λ is the wavelength of the first resonance frequency) and provides fractional bandwidth of 65.5% (3.75–7.4 GHz) for VSWR<2 and exhibiting a 48.5% (3.78–6.15 GHz) circular polarization (CP) bandwidth. Throughout this article, the improvement process of the AR and |S11| properties are presented and discussed in detail. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:343–347, 2014
Miniaturized waveguide filter with improved stop‐band response
Authors: Rezaiesarlak Reza , Loghmannia Pedram , Salehi Mohsen 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, a simple‐to‐design technique is presented to improve the out of band response as well as miniaturize the overall size of the waveguide filters. By appropriate coupling of capacitively loaded cavities resonating at the same fundamental frequency with different higher resonant modes, the out of band response of the filter is considerably improved. A third‐order filter is designed, simulated, and fabricated. The response of the proposed filter is compared with one from conventional third‐order inductive post filter. Good agreement between simulated and measured responses confirms the validity and accuracy of the design. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:512–515, 2014
Miniaturized reconfigurable band‐pass filter with electronically controllable for WiMAX/WLAN applications
Authors: Mazloum Jalil , Jalali Ali , Ojaroudi Mohammad 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA novel reconfigurable band‐pass filter for worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX)/wireless local area network (WLAN) applications is presented. By using an H‐shaped strip with a pair of C‐shaped slots in the band‐pass filter two new resonances can be achieved. The proposed band‐pass filter has three different switchable states: 2.25–10.72 GHz in WLAN mode, 3.34–3.71 GHz in WiMAX mode, and 1.65–1.89 GHz in narrowband mode. The band‐pass filter which uses a switchable slotted structure for reconfigurability has a simple structure and smallest size in comparison to band‐pass filters reported in literature (Kikkert, TENCON 2005 IEEE region 10, 2005, Fan et al., Prog Electromagn Res 75 (2007), 285–293, Wang et al., Prog Electromagn Res 77 (2007), 67–73, Ojaroudi et al., Advanced electromagnetics symposium, 2012, Zhao et al., Prog Electromagn Res B 3 (2008), 131–141). Also the proposed filter has a major advantage in providing tighter capacitive coupling to the line in comparison to known radiating strip. To generate DC isolation in the RF path, we use a pair of gap distances in the microstrip loop. Simulated and experimental results obtained for this band‐pass filter show that the proposed band‐pass filter has a good return and insertion loss within the WiMAX/WLAN frequency range. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:509–512, 2014
Simple, convenient, and nondestructive electromagnetic characterization technique for composite and multiscale hybrid samples at microwave frequencies
Authors: Molenberg Isabel , Bernal Maria M. , Bollen Pierre , Spote David , Verdejo Raquel , Pardoen Thomas , Bailly Christian , Huynen Isabelle 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA new method is presented to characterize absorbing materials, based on a classical Line‐Line method but more nondestructive and more convenient. This modified Line‐Line technique is used to characterize polymer/carbon nanotubes composite foams. The advantages and limitations of this technique are highlighted and compared to those of the standard method. An advantageous use of the modified Line‐Line method in the particular case of multiscale hybrid materials is also presented and discussed. Finally, some conclusions are drawn. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:504–509, 2014
UWB bandpass filter using dual stepped impedance stub loaded resonators
Authors: Oh Sangyeol , Shin Beomsoo , Jeong Jichai , Kim Young‐Sik , Lee Jaehoon 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, a new ultrawideband (UWB) bandpass filter is proposed, with dual stepped‐impedance stub‐loaded resonators (SISLRs). As the proposed filter can provide the better in‐band performance due to the dual SISLRs, it was possible to design this UWB filter without apertures in the ground plane. The passband performance of the proposed filter is superior to that of the conventional filter based on a single SISLR with aperture‐backed interdigital coupled‐lines, while the resonant frequencies and sharp rejection skirt characteristics of the conventional filter are retained without apertures in the ground plane. The performance of the new filter was confirmed by simulation with a full‐wave electromagnetic simulator and by actual implementation and measurement. The passband of the implemented filter covers the range of 3.24∼11.03 GHz. The group delay is less than 0.5 ns and flat in the passband, and sharp attenuations appear near the passband. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:448–450, 2014
Biconical UWB antenna for high‐rate communication network
Authors: Chreim Hassan , Kanso Ahmad , Arnaud Eric , Menudier Cyrille , Monēdiēre Thierry 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThis article describes the design of an ultrawide band (UWB) biconical antenna operating in the 400–3000 MHz frequency band. The antenna will be used for high‐rate communication applications. The method for designing an UWB biconical antenna will be given. As the antenna must operate starting from 400 MHz, the size of the designed antenna will exceed the dimensions constraints, required in the specifications. Thus, the antenna edges are curved, which allows us to decreasing its dimensions while keeping the same performances. Finally, a prototype of the antenna is fabricated and measured, and the measured results are compared to the simulated ones. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:404–408, 2014
A new type of Robust broadband GaN HEMT‐based high power high‐pass/low‐pass 22.5° phase shifter
Authors: Hettak Khelifa , Ross Tyler N. , Cormier Gabriel , Wight Jim S. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTThis article proposes a new type of GaN HEMT‐based high power phase shifter operating at X‐band. The design includes a 22.5° phase shift network and a high power SPDT switch. The design and resulting performance are discussed in detail and are confirmed by experimental and simulation results, which are in good agreement up to 20 GHz. The one bit phase shifter exhibits good phase performance, insertion loss, and return loss. The proposed phase shifter MMIC has been successfully demonstrated using a 0.5 μm gate GaN HEMT process. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:347–350, 2014
Three‐dimensional dynamic contrast enhanced imaging of the carotid artery with direct arterial input function measurement
Authors: Mendes Jason , Parker Dennis L. , McNally Scott , DiBella Ed , Bolster Bradley D. , Treiman Gerald S. 
Published: December 2013

PurposeKinetic analysis using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI to assess neovascularization of carotid plaque requires images with high spatial and temporal resolution. This work demonstrates a new three‐dimensional (3D) dynamic contrast enhanced imaging sequence, which directly measures the arterial input function with high temporal resolution yet maintains the high spatial resolution required to identify areas of increased adventitial neovascularity.Theory and MethodsThe sequence consists of multiple rapid acquisitions of a saturation prepared dynamic 3D gradient recalled echo (GRE) sequence temporally interleaved with multiple acquisitions of a 2D slice. The saturation recovery time was adjusted to maintain signal linearity with the very different contrast agent concentrations in the 2D slice and 3D volume. The Ktrans maps were obtained from the 3D dynamic contrast measurements while the 2D slice was used to obtain the arterial input function. Calibration and dynamic studies are presented.ResultsFor contrast agent concentrations up to 5 mM, a saturation recovery time for the 2D slice of 20 ms resulted in less than a 10% deviation from the desired linear response of signal intensity with contrast agent concentration. The corresponding saturation recovery time of 83 ms for the 3D volume maintained less than a 10% deviation from the linear response up to contrast agent concentrations of 2 mM while a contrast agent concentration of 5 mM had almost a 30% deviation. There was a significant improvement in signal attenuation (9 ± 3% versus 23 ± 5% at 40 cm/s) when flow compensation was added to the slice select gradients. For patient studies, volume transfer and plasma fraction maps were calculated with data from the proposed sequence.ConclusionThis work demonstrated a novel sequence for 3D dynamic contrast enhanced imaging with a simultaneously acquired 2D slice that directly measures the arterial input function with high temporal resolution. Acquisition parameters can be adjusted to accommodate the full range of contrast agent concentration values to be encountered and the kinetic parameters obtained were consistent with expected values. Magn Reson Med 72:816–822, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A note on why enforcing discrete maximum principles by a simple a posteriori cutoff is a good idea
Authors: Kreuzer Christian 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDiscrete maximum principles in the approximation of partial differential equations are crucial for the preservation of qualitative properties of physical models. In this work, we enforce the discrete maximum principle by performing a simple cutoff. We show that for many problems this a posteriori procedure even improves the approximation in the natural energy norm. The results apply to many different kinds of approximations including conforming higher‐order and hp‐finite elements. Moreover, in the case of finite element approximations, there is no geometrical restriction on the partition of the domain. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 994–1002, 2014
Pain management at home in children with cancer: A daily diary study
Authors: Fortier Michelle A. , Wahi Aditi , Bruce Colette , Maurer Eva L. , Stevenson Robert 
Published: December 2013

BackgroundWith the transition of care of cancer patients from the hospital to the home setting, parents are largely responsible for children's pain management. Children's cancer pain is undermanaged, yet, there is little empirical data on the occurrence and management of cancer pain in the home setting. The purpose of the present study, therefore, was to employ a daily diary protocol to examine barriers to pain management of children's cancer pain by parents at home.ProcedureParent–child dyads were recruited from the Cancer Institute at a major children's hospital in Southern California. A total of 45 patient/parent pairs completed baseline data on demographic and personality characteristics, children's quality of life, and parental beliefs regarding analgesic use for children and then completed daily diaries of pain and analgesic administration for 14 consecutive days.ResultsMost children were reported to experience chronic pain while undergoing treatment for cancer, yet overall analgesic administration at home was low. Parents who reported misconceptions regarding analgesic use for children were less likely to administer pain medication to children. Children who were less shy, more social, or had lower quality of life were more likely to receive analgesics.ConclusionsA significant proportion of children receiving outpatient treatment for cancer were rated as experiencing chronic pain and pain was not optimally managed in the home setting. Further understanding and addressing barriers to children's cancer pain management in the home setting will aid in alleviating unnecessary pain in this vulnerable patient population. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:1029–1033. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Retracted: α,β‐Unsaturated aldehyde pollutant acrolein suppresses cardiomyocyte contractile function: Role of TRPV1 and oxidative stress
Authors: Wu Zhenbiao , He Emily Y. , Scott Glenda I. , Ren Jun 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTAir pollution is associated with an increased prevalence of heart disease and is known to trigger a proinflammatory response via stimulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid cation channels (TRPV1, also known as the capsaicin receptor). This study was designed to examine the effect of acrolein, an essential α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde pollutant, on myocardial contractile function and the underlying mechanism involved with a focus on TRPV1 and oxidative stress. Cardiomyocyte mechanical and intracellular Ca2+ properties were evaluated using an IonOptix MyoCam® system including peak shortening (PS), maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening (± dL/dt), time‐to‐PS (TPS), time‐to‐90% relengthening (TR90), fura‐2 fluorescence intensity (FFI) and intracellular Ca2+ decay. Changes in apoptosis and TRPV1 were evaluated using Western blot analysis. The degree of oxidative stress was assessed using the ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione. Results obtained revealed that exposure of cardiomyocytes to acrolein acutely compromised contractile and intracellular Ca2+ properties including depressed PS, ± dL/dt and ΔFFI, as well as prolonged TR90 and intracellular Ca2+ decay. In addition, acrolein exposure upregulated TRPV1 associated with an increase in both apoptosis and oxidative stress. However, the acrolein‐induced cardiomyocyte contractile and intracellular Ca2+ anomalies, as well as apoptosis (as evidenced by Bcl‐2, Bax, FasL, Caspase‐3 and −8), were negated by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger glutathione or the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine. Collectively these data suggest that the α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde pollutant acrolein may play a role in the pathogenesis and sequelae of air pollution‐induced heart disease via a TRPV1‐ and oxidative stress‐dependent mechanism. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 638–647, 2015.
Enhanced Recovery Program in Colorectal Surgery: A Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Greco Massimiliano , Capretti Giovanni , Beretta Luigi , Gemma Marco , Pecorelli Nicolò , Braga Marco 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundMeta‐analyses in the literature show that enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is associated with lower morbidity rate and shorter hospital stay after elective colorectal surgery. However, a recent Cochrane review did not indicate the ERAS pathway as being the new standard of care due to the limited number of published trials, together with their poor quality. We conducted a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the impact of the ERAS pathway on overall morbidity, single postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and readmission rate following colorectal surgery.
MethodsWe searched BioMedCentral, PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for RCTs comparing the ERAS pathway to conventional perioperative care. No language restrictions were considered. A quality score was calculated for each trial included.
ResultsA total of 2,376 patients in 16 RCTs were included in the analysis. The ERAS pathway was associated with a reduction of overall morbidity [relative ratio (RR) = 0.60, (95 % CI 0.46–0.76)], particularly with respect to nonsurgical complications [RR = 0.40, (95 % CI 0.27–0.61)]. The reduction of surgical complications was not significant [RR = 0.76, (95 % CI 0.54–1.08)]. The ERAS pathway shortened hospital stay (WMD = −2.28 days [95 % CI –3.09 to –1.47]), without increasing readmission rate.ConclusionsThe ERAS pathway reduced overall morbidity rates and shortened the length of hospital stay, without increasing readmission rates. A significant reduction in nonsurgical complications was evident, while no significant reduction was found for surgical complications.