bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in daily intake of nutrients and foods including confectionery after the initiation of empagliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study
Authors: Murayama Toshiko , Hosojima Michihiro , Kabasawa Hideyuki , Tanaka Takahiro , Kitamura Nobutaka , Tanaka Mai , Kuwahara Shoji , Suzuki Yoshiki , Narita Ichiei , Saito Akihiko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
It is unclear how dietary intake changes after sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) treatment is started in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
We performed a non-controlled, open-label study that enrolled 51 patients with type 2 diabetes. The patients were newly administered empagliflozin, and their dietary habits were examined using a self-administered diet history questionnaire at the beginning of the study and after 24 weeks. We investigated the association of changes in HbA1c and body weight with changes in energy, nutrient, and food group intakes.

Results
At 24 weeks after the start of the study, HbA1c improved significantly and body weight decreased. In the food group, only the intake of confectionery increased, and there were no significant differences in the association between changes in HbA1c and body weight and changes in energy, nutrient, and food group intakes after 24 weeks. However, a significant negative correlation was found between change in HbA1c after 4 weeks and change in energy intake after 24 weeks, and principal component analysis showed an association between change in HbA1c levels after 4 weeks and change in energy intake and some food group intakes including confectionery after 24 weeks.

Conclusion
In this study, after 24 weeks of treatment with empagliflozin, only intake of confectionery increased. Early assessment by dietitians after initiation of SGLT2i treatment might be important because our data suggested that the reduction in blood glucose levels after the start of empagliflozin was associated with a subsequent increase in energy intake.

Trial registration
University Hospital Medical Information Network-Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) on September 5, 2016 (registration ID, UMIN000002309|| http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/).
Frequency stability of new energy power systems based on VSG adaptive energy storage coordinated control strategy
Authors: Cheng Min , Yan Wenlin , Zhang Dan , Liu Xufei , He Lei , Xu Mingyu , Yao Qiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA self-adaptive energy storage coordination control strategy based on virtual synchronous machine technology was studied and designed to address the oscillation problem caused by new energy units. By simulating the characteristics of synchronous generators, the inertia level of the new energy power system was enhanced, and frequency stability optimization was achieved. This strategy is integrated with the frequency response model of the new energy power system to improve the system's frequency regulation capability and achieve more stable and efficient operation. From the results, the damping of the system increased, the oscillation frequency decreased after a duration of about 15 s, and the system stability improved by 76.09%. The proposed strategy based on virtual synchronous generator adaptive energy storage coordination control strategy was improved by 83.25%. In addition, the proposed strategy has improved stability indicators and system completion efficiency by 40.57% and 22.21% respectively, both of which are better than the comparative strategies. As a result, this strategy significantly enhances the frequency regulation capability of the system, which has a positive effect on achieving efficient operation of the new energy power system and maintaining the stability of the power system.
FedSHE: privacy preserving and efficient federated learning with adaptive segmented CKKS homomorphic encryption
Authors: Pan Yao , Chao Zheng , He Wang , Jing Yang , Hongjia Li , Liming Wang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnprotected gradient exchange in federated learning (FL) systems may lead to gradient leakage-related attacks. CKKS is a promising approximate homomorphic encryption scheme to protect gradients, owing to its unique capability of performing operations directly on ciphertexts. However, configuring CKKS security parameters involves a trade-off between correctness, efficiency, and security. An evaluation gap exists regarding how these parameters impact computational performance. Additionally, the maximum vector length that CKKS can once encrypt, recommended by Homomorphic Encryption Standardization, is 16384, hampers its widespread adoption in FL when encrypting layers with numerous neurons. To protect gradients’ privacy in FL systems while maintaining practical performance, we comprehensively analyze the influence of security parameters such as polynomial modulus degree and coefficient modulus on homomorphic operations. Derived from our evaluation findings, we provide a method for selecting the optimal multiplication depth while meeting operational requirements. Then, we introduce an adaptive segmented encryption method tailored for CKKS, circumventing its encryption length constraint and enhancing its processing ability to encrypt neural network models. Finally, we present FedSHE, a privacy-preserving and efficient Federated learning scheme with adaptive Segmented CKKS Homomorphic Encryption. FedSHE is implemented on top of the federated averaging (FedAvg) algorithm and is available at https://github.com/yooopan/FedSHE. Our evaluation results affirm the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed method, demonstrating that FedSHE outperforms existing homomorphic encryption-based federated learning research efforts in terms of model accuracy, computational efficiency, communication cost, and security level.
Effect of tip clearance on non-synchronous propagating flow disturbances of compressor rotors under high aerodynamic loading conditions
Authors: Wang Songbai , Chen Yong , Wu Yadong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe complex tip flow instability and its induced non-synchronous vibration have become significant challenges, especially as aerodynamic loading continues to increase. This study investigates the effects of tip clearance on non-synchronous propagating flow disturbances of compressor rotors under high aerodynamic loading conditions by conducting full-annulus unsteady numerical simulations with three typical tip clearance values for a 1-1/2 stage transonic compressor. The non-synchronous aerodynamic excitation frequency, circumferential mode characteristics, and annular unstable flow structures are analyzed under near stall conditions. The results show that the total pressure ratio and normalized mass flow parameters first increase and then decrease as the tip clearance increases from 0.5%C (where C represents the tip chord length) to 2%C under high aerodynamic loading conditions, instead of constantly decreasing. For the 0.5%C tip clearance case, the traveling large-scale tornado-like separation vortices cause a low non-synchronous aerodynamic excitation frequency and severe pressure fluctuations. The periodic shedding and reattachment processes of the rotor blades separated by 2 – 3 pitches result in 19 dominant mode orders in the circumferential direction. As the tip clearance increases from 1%C to 2%C, the difference of tip flow structures in each blade passage is significantly weakened, and the dominant mode order of the disturbance is equal to the rotor blade-passing number. The pressure fluctuation is mainly caused by cross-channel tip leakage flow, and the aerodynamic excitation frequency exhibits evident broadband hump characteristics, which has been reported as a rotating instability phenomenon.
Association of Lymph Nodes Positive Rate With the Risk of Recurrence in Patients With Stage T1 Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Qin Chao , Cai Sijia , Yin Min , Ma Ben , Shen Cenkai , Zhang Yanzhi , Ji Qinghai , Liao Tian , Wang Sr Yu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The incidence of lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is common and a significant risk factor for local recurrence; however, its impact on recurrence patterns among low-risk patients remains uncertain. We aimed to elucidate the effect of metastatic lymph node on recurrence type. The medical records of 1209 patients with stage T1 PTC who underwent unilateral thyroidectomy with ipsilateral central lymph node dissection were retrospectively analyzed. The study first identified risk factors for different types of recurrence and then categorized patients as high or low risk based on their lymph node positive ratio (LNPR). The diagnostic accuracy of LNPR in predicting recurrence was compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, while differences in recurrence-free survival were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. During follow-up, a total of 502 (41.5%) patients had central lymph node metastasis and 52 (4.3%) patients experienced recurrence. Notably, LNPR was significantly higher in relapsed patients compared to nonrelapsed patients, with mean values of 0.45 and 0.23, respectively (P &lt; .001). The recurrence rate of residual thyroid did not differ significantly across different T stages (P = .679), N stages (P = .415), or LNPR risk groups (P = .175). However, the recurrence rate of lymph nodes showed a significant correlation with LNPR (P &lt; .001). The area under the ROC curves for LNPR risk stratification at 5 and 10 years were approximately 0.691 and 0.634, respectively, both of which outperformed N stage. The findings underscore the significance of LNPR's reliability as a prognostic indicator for local lymph node recurrence in patients diagnosed with T1 stage PTC.
Business Unit Development: Vorteile und Herausforderungen für beteiligte Mitarbeiter
Authors: Scharpf Dominik , Viljoen Altus , Hein Andreas , Krcmar Helmut 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDer anhaltende Mangel an Fachkräften in der IT-Branche stellt eine zentrale Herausforderung für Unternehmen dar und erschwert den Fortschritt bei der digitalen Transformation. Infolgedessen gewinnt der Einsatz von Low-Code/No-Code (LCNC) sowohl in der Praxis als auch in der Wissenschaft zunehmend an Interesse, um auch Mitarbeiter außerhalb der IT-Abteilung dazu zu befähigen, als sog. Business Unit Developer eigenständig Digitalisierungs- und Automatisierungslösungen zu entwickeln. Bisher konzentriert sich die wissenschaftliche Literatur auf die technischen Aspekte von LCNC, während Fragen zur optimalen Einführung in Unternehmen unbeantwortet bleiben. Diese Forschungsarbeit untersucht die praktische Implementierung von Business Unit Development Programmen in Unternehmen, um Auswirkungen auf beteiligte Mitarbeitende zu identifizieren. In Kooperation mit den Stadtwerken München (SWM) wurde eine umfassende Einzelfallstudie durchgeführt, bei der die Umsetzung einer Business Unit Development Initiative untersucht wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem, wie das Business Unit Development von teilnehmenden Mitarbeitern wahrgenommen wird sowie welche individuellen Vorteile sich für diese ergeben. Zudem wird ersichtlich, mit welchen Herausforderungen Mitarbeitende im Rahmen des Business Unit Developments konfrontiert sind und wie sich die Entwicklung und der Einsatz von LCNC-Anwendungen auf deren Arbeitsalltag auswirkt. Die Ergebnisse tragen zu einem besseren Verständnis über den praktischen Einsatz von LCNC in Unternehmen bei und zeigen neue Forschungsfelder auf. Zudem können die Ergebnisse Unternehmen dabei unterstützen, organisatorische und strategische Entscheidungen im Rahmen des Aufbaus und der Skalierung einer Business Unit Development Initiative zu treffen.
Analisis Penggambaran Unsur Magis dalam Film Animasi Cinderella dan Frozen (Kajian Sastra Bandingan)
Authors: Salsabila Dinda Iqlima , Falah Fajrul 
Published: July 2024

The research presents a comparison between two Walt Disney animated films, namely the animated films Cinderella and Frozen. The research aims to provide an analysis of intrinsic elements and magical elements that can be compared using a comparative literature approach from Sapardi Djoko Damono's theory. The research was carried out through several stages, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the reporting stage. Data collection techniques are carried out by reading, recording, and documenting processes. The data search focuses on intrinsic elements in the form of setting, characters and characterization, as well as themes used in the animated films Cinderella and Frozen. The analysis is reviewed using qualitative research methods and comparative descriptive writing techniques which will present a comparative discussion of data from a literary work in the form of a film. The results of the research show that there are similarities and differences in the selection of intrinsic elements of background, characters and characterization, themes, as well as realism of magical elements used in the animated films Cinderella and Frozen.Keywords: comparative literature, magical, animated film, cinderella, frozen. Penelitian menyajikan perbandingan antara dua film animasi Walt Disney, yaitu film animasi Cinderella dan Frozen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memberikan analisis unsur intrinsik dan unsur magis yang dapat saling dibandingkan dengan menggunakan pendekatan sastra bandingan dari teori Sapardi Djoko Damono. Penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, dan tahap pelaporan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan proses pembacaan, pencatatan, dan dokumentasi. Pencarian data berfokus pada unsur intrinsik berupa latar, tokoh dan penokohan, serta tema dalam film animasi Cinderella dan Frozen. Analisis diulas dengan metode penelitian kualitatif dan teknik penulisan deskriptif komparatif yang akan memaparkan pembahasan komparatif dari data-data karya sastra berupa film. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat persamaan dan perbedaan pemilihan unsur intrinsik latar, tokoh dan penokohan, tema, serta realisme unsur magis yang digunakan dalam film animasi Cinderella dan Frozen.Kata kunci: sastra bandingan, magis, film animasi, cinderella, frozen.
Roti Ganjel Rel: Mengungkap Cerita dan Eksistensi dari Warisan Makanan Khas Kota Semarang
Authors: Safitri Rahma Danisa Eka , Nugroho Alga Brian , Fauziyah Ikhda Ni'matul , Putri Bilkys Ciera , Purnomo Afrizal Haris , Umam Sirojul , Bashori Muzakki 
Published: July 2024

This research investigates a traditional food unique to Semarang, Central Java. Roti Ganjel Rel is a traditional bread originally called Ontbijkoek, consumed by colonial nobles during the Dutch era. This bread holds significant historical and cultural values beyond its role as food. However, with modernization, its popularity has declined, particularly among the younger generation. Many people are beginning to forget or are unaware of this bread, raising concerns about losing this culinary heritage of Semarang. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques, including observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. It covers various aspects, such as the origins of Roti Ganjel Rel, the ingredients and tools required, and its development and current existence. Findings from the questionnaires reveal that while most respondents are aware of Roti Ganjel Rel, a considerable number are still unfamiliar with it. The research aims to provide information about Roti Ganjel Rel as a traditional food of Semarang, ensure its preservation, attract tourists, and promote this culinary heritage. By documenting and promoting Roti Ganjel Rel, the study seeks to preserve not only a food item but also the identity and history of Semarang for future generations. Penelitian ini merupakan penelusuran makanan khas sebagai ciri khas makanan di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Roti Ganjel Rel merupakan salah satu makanan tradisional khas Semarang. Awalnya roti ini dinamakan Ontbijkoek dan hanya dikonsumsi oleh kaum kolonial bangsawan pada zaman Belanda. Keberadaan Roti Ganjel Rel tidak hanya sekadar sebagai makanan, tetapi juga mengandung nilai sejarah dan budaya yang mendalam. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan modernisasi, popularitas Roti Ganjel Rel mulai meredup, terutama di kalangan generasi muda. Banyak yang mulai melupakan atau bahkan tidak mengenal roti ini, yang menyebabkan kekhawatiran akan hilangnya salah satu warisan kuliner kota Semarang. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode campuran (mixed-methods) yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini mencakup beberapa hal seperti asal usul Roti Ganjel Rel, bahan dan peralatan yang dibutuhkan, serta bagaimana perkembangan dan eksistensi Roti Ganjel Rel. Hasil dari penelitian melalui kuesioner dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar mengetahui Roti Ganjel Rel tetapi masih banyak juga yang belum mengetahui Roti Ganjel Rel ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini memberikan informasi tentang Roti Ganjel Rel sebagai makanan tradisional khas Kota Semarang, menjaga eksistensinya agar tidak punah, menarik minat wisatawan, serta memperkenalkan dan mempromosikan warisan kuliner khas Kota Semarang.
Language Teachers and Gender Role Attitudes: Sociocultural Perspective
Authors: Permata Kartika Indah , Azizah Siti - , - Nafisah - , Wati Wiwit Rahma 
Published: July 2024

Schools and universities have been well-known as one of the social institutions in charge of socializing norms and values in children in terms of how they construct the concept of gender roles in society. Sociocultural-bound attitudes of teachers play important roles in shaping or challenging the practices that highlight inequality. This study aims to investigate the influence of gender role attitudes on teacher behavior. Using the quantitative method, the data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 90 language teachers. From the F-test and T-test analysis results, it was found that there was a significant influence between variables (p≤0.05), in that, teachers’ gender role attitudes had an important impact on their teaching behavior. Then, the implication of this study is further drawn using symbolic interaction theory.
In-situ studies on environmental degradation in Al 7075 in saltwater environment under tensile loading
Authors: Goswami Ramasis , Moser Alex , Arcari Attilio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We report the crack growth on peak aged Al 7075 under tensile loading in a saltwater environment to investigate whether hydrogen plays a role in the initiation and the subsequent growth of the crack. As the hydrostatic stress is at a maximum ahead of the notch, it has been speculated that hydrogen would diffuse to region of maximum hydrostatic stress and initiate the crack. An elastic-plastic finite element (FE) model is developed to determine the stress distribution around the circular notch at the edge of the plate. The crack growth was monitored using a camera attached with an optical microscope, and various regimes corresponding to hydrogen evolution, pit formation and growth, crack nucleation and initial growth and rapid crack growth leading to failure have been identified. We observe the crack was nucleated in a region associated with the highest hoop stress instead of the maximum hydrostatic stress from the base of a pit at the circular notch. We demonstrated the crack growth rate in a salt water environment is governed mostly by the dissolution of grain boundary MgZn2 precipitate, rather than the hydrogen induced decohesion mechanism.
Screening the phytochemicals in Perilla leaves and phytosynthesis of bioactive silver nanoparticles for potential antioxidant and wound-healing application
Authors: Sharma Ashish Ranjan , Sharma Garima , Nath Sudarshini , Lee Sang-Soo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rich phytochemical profile of Perilla frutescens leaf extract (PLE) makes it a compelling bioreducing agent for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), offering diverse biomedical applications. In this study, the PLE-mediated phytosynthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-vis spectra with maximum absorbance at 440 nm. The spherical PLE-AgNPs of <20 nm in size were further characterized by Dynamic light scanning, Transmission electron microscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Selected area electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction validated the crystalline structure of PLE-AgNPs. The energy-dispersive X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy established the presence of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen groups, along with silver, in the PLE-AgNPs. FTIR results confirmed the presence of phytochemicals as the capping agents for PLE-AgNPs. The Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of terpenoids, furan derivatives, phenolic compounds, hydroxides, imidazole, aldehydes, etc., in PLE. In addition, the presence of phytochemicals was also confirmed in the as-synthesized PLE-AgNPs. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, and ABTS radical scavenging activity affirmed the strong radical scavenging effect of PLE-AgNPs with an IC50 of 51.58 μg·mL−1. The wound-healing potential of PLE-AgNPs was confirmed by in vitro cell scratch assay in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. These integrated findings emphasize the significant biomedical advantages and potential applications of PLE-AgNPs in clinical applications.
“I’m Only Human”: A Self-Referential Sense of Humor and Meaningful Living
Authors: Chastain Drew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
I argue that a self-referential sense of humor is positively self-accepting by acknowledging imperfection, abnormality, or average status, without genuinely intending ridicule on oneself. Instead, standards of perfection, normality, and greatness are the implicit targets of ridicule, which can provide a form of bonding among those having this sense of humor, who can then find commonality amongst themselves and relief from the pressure of those exacting standards. This self-accepting sense of humor helps to make life more meaningful by facilitating contentment with imperfection both with respect to oneself and one’s situation. While a sense of humor can certainly be helpful for improving character, a perfectionist argument such as this should be balanced by acknowledgement of the value that can be gained from simply accepting ourselves just as we are.
Signed graphs with strong (anti-)reciprocal eigenvalue property
Authors: Belardo Francesco , Huntington Callum 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A (signed) graph is said to exhibit the strong reciprocal (anti-reciprocal) eigenvalue property (SR) (resp., (-SR)) if for any eigenvalue

λ

\lambda

, it has

1

λ

\frac{1}{\lambda }

(resp.,

−

1

λ

-\frac{1}{\lambda }

) as an eigenvalue as well, with the same multiplicity. It is well known that the corona of a (signed) graph does have the property -SR, and if the graph has symmetric spectrum, then it also has the property SR. Therefore, it is interesting to identify (signed) graphs which are not corona graphs with the properties SR or -SR. Recently, a few constructions for unsigned graphs with the property -SR have been offered. In this article, we extend such constructions to signed graphs.
It’s time for a complete theory of partial predictability in language
Authors: McNally Louise , Bonami Olivier , Paperno Denis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Given the centrality of partial predictability to linguistic experience, it plays a strikingly minor role in theoretical linguistics. For many, partial predictability is to be set aside: the job of linguistic theory is to explain the infinite generative capacity of language and the semantic compositionality that accompanies it. For others, partial predictability is evidence that such an approach is missing the point. But surprisingly little attention is devoted to understanding how partial predictability actually works. We argue that linguistic theory should recognize partial predictability as a central design feature of human language, and propose a strategy for doing so.