bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extension of the Germinal Center Stage of B Cell Development Promotes Autoantibodies in BXD2 Mice
Authors: Wang John H. , New James S. , Xie Shutao , Yang PingAr , Wu Qi , Li Jun , Luo Bao , Ding Yanna , Druey Kirk M. , Hsu Hui‐Chen , Mountz John D. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveRegulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins inhibit chemokine signaling by desensitizing G protein–coupled receptor signals. This study was undertaken to determine the mechanisms by which RGS13 promotes the generation of pathogenic autoantibodies in germinal centers (GCs), using BXD2‐Rgs13−/− mice.MethodsConfocal and light microscopy imaging techniques were used to determine the location of cells that express RGS13 and activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in the mouse spleen, and the number of plasmablasts. The levels of GC and plasma cell program transcripts in GC B cells were determined by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Differential interleukin‐17 (IL‐17)–mediated expression of RGS13 in GC versus non‐GC B cells was analyzed using A20 and 70Z/3 B cells.ResultsIn the spleens of BXD2 mice, RGS13 was mainly expressed by GC B cells and was stimulated by IL‐17 but not IL‐21. IL‐17 up‐regulated RGS13 in A20 GC cells but not 70Z/3 non‐GC B cells. BXD2‐ Rgs13−/− mice exhibited smaller GCs and lower AID levels, suggesting lower somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation. However, GC B cells from BXD2‐ Rgs13−/− mice showed increased levels of IgMbright plasmablasts, up‐regulation of the genes encoding plasma program, including interferon regulatory factor 4, B lymphocyte–induced maturation protein 1, and X‐box binding protein 1 and the p‐CREB target genes Fosb and Obf1, and down‐regulation of the GC program genes Aid, Pax5, and Bach2 compared to BXD2 mice. BXD2‐Rgs13−/− mice had lower titers of IgG autoantibodies and IgG deposits in the glomeruli, suggesting reduced autoantibody pathogenicity.ConclusionRGS13 deficiency is associated with a reduction in GC program genes and the exit of fewer pathogenic IgM plasmablasts in BXD2 mice. Our findings indicate that prolonged GC program, mediated by up‐regulation of RGS13, enhances AID expression and enables the generation of pathogenic autoantibodies in autoreactive GCs.
Reduktion von Pendelschwingungen im Ingenieurbau mittels Füssigkeitstilgersystemen
Authors: Strauss Alfred , Schellander Janez , Reiterer Michael , Wagner Richard , Loiskandl Willibald , Bergmeister Konrad 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDynamische Einwirkungen haben auf die Lebensdauer von zahlreichen Strukturen und Systemen einen signifikanten Einfluss. Die Wechselwirkungen zwischen dynamischen Einwirkungen, wie z.B. aus Wind, Fußgängern und Verkehrslasten im Allgemeinen, und Strukturen können die dynamischen Strukturantworten bedeutend erhöhen und die erlaubten Grenzzustände im Betrieb maßgebend überschreiten. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist die detaillierte Diskussion der Dämpfungseigenschaften von Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (TLCD) für Rotations‐schwingungen von Pendelsystemen. Insbesondere ist die detaillierte Diskussion und Präsentation der experimentell ermittelten Dämpfung der TLCD in Bezug auf die dynamischen Faktoren eines Pendelsystems von Interesse.Reduction of pendulum oscillations in engineering by using Tuned Liquid Column DampersDynamic effects have a significant impact on lifetime of structures. The interaction between a structure and several dynamic effects such as wind, pedestrians and traffic loads in general, can lead to a significant increase of the dynamic structural response. The objective of this contribution is the detailed discussion of the damping performance of Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (TLCD) for rotational oscillated pendulum systems. In particular, the goals are the detailed discussion and presentation of the experimentally determined damping performance of TLCD's with respect to the dynamic factors of pendulum systems.
Wärmeübergangswiderstand bei flächigen thermo‐aktiven Bauteilen am Beispiel thermo‐aktiver Abdichtungselemente
Authors: Kürten Sylvia , Mottaghy Darius , Ziegler Martin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDie thermische Nutzung des Untergrunds mithilfe von erdberührenden Bauteilen findet in den letzten Jahren immer weitere Verbreitung. Ausführungsbeispiele finden sich z. B. für Energiepfähle, Energieschlitzwände, Energiebodenplatten oder Energietunnel. Am Lehrstuhl für Geotechnik im Bauwesen der RWTH Aachen (GiB) wurden in diesem Zusammenhang thermo‐aktive Abdichtungselemente entwickelt und in ersten großmaßstäblichen Laborversuchen erprobt.Für eine effiziente Anlagenauslegung ist die wirklichkeitsnahe Beschreibung des Wärmeübergangs zwischen Bauteil und Untergrund von entscheidender Bedeutung. Während für rotationssymmetrische Systeme in der Praxis erprobte Ansätze existieren, fehlen für flächige Bauteile entsprechende Formulierungen. Am GiB wurde daher in Zusammenarbeit mit der Geophysica Beratungsgesellschaft mbH ein Berechnungsmodul für flächige Bauteile entwickelt, welches alle relevanten Wärmeübergangsvorgänge über eine Sternschaltung von Widerständen zusammenfasst. Das Modul wurde als Flächenelement in das Finite‐Differenzen‐Programm Shemat‐Suite implementiert, welches sich bereits für die Simulation von geothermischen Anlagen bewährt hat. Durch diese Kopplung können alle (Strömungs‐)Vorgänge im Untergrund und im geothermischen System abgebildet werden. Die Rechenzeiten sind jedoch im Vergleich zu reinen numerischen Simulationen – bei denen das Bauteil vollständig diskretisiert werden muss – deutlich reduziert.Thermal resistance for plane thermo‐active geotechnical systems using the example of thermo‐active seal‐panelsThe use of geothermal energy with thermo‐active geothermal systems has been constantly increasing over the last years. There are examples for Energy‐Piles, Energy‐Diaphragm‐Walls or Energy‐Slabs documented. The chair of Geotechnical Engineering (RWTH Aachen University) has developed thermo‐active seal panels, which are based on the principle of thermo‐active structures made of concrete. The seal panels were tested in large‐scale laboratory tests showing very satisfying results.The realistic description of the heat transfer between soil and structural element is paramount for the design of a geothermal plant. Regarding rotationally symmetric systems there are several modeling tools. In contrast, there are no comparable models for plane elements documented. Therefore, the chair of Geotechnical Engineering, in cooperation with Geophysica Beratungsgesellschaft mbH, developed a mathematical model, which includes all important parameters. The different heat transfer processes are summed‐up to a thermal resistance model, which is implemented in a Finite Difference Code (Shemat‐Suite).
Schnittgrößenermittlung und Bemessung von Isolierverglasungen
Authors: Schaller Gerhard 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIsolierverglasungen bestehen im Regelfall aus zwei oder drei Scheiben Floatglas. In besonderen Fällen, wie beispielsweise zur Absturzsicherung, muss zumindest eine der beiden Scheiben aus Verbundsicherheitsglas hergestellt werden. Bezüglich des Einsatzes der Glasarten wird auf die einschlägige Literatur verwiesen.Im Folgenden wird die Ermittlung der Schnittgrößen behandelt und eine systematische Vorgehensweise unter Zuhilfenahme des Kraftgrößenverfahrens anhand der tabellierten Hilfswerte beschrieben, sodass anschließend der Spannungs‐ und der Durchbiegungsnachweis – bei einfachen Systemen ohne die Inanspruchnahme spezieller Rechenprogramme, nur mit Verwendung tabellierter Werte – geführt werden können.Determination of bending moments and dimensioning of insulating glazingsAs a rule, insulating glazings consist of two or three panes of float glass. In special cases, such as for fall protection, at least one of the panes must be produced from laminated safety glass. Regarding the different utilisation of the panes, reference is made to the relevant literature.The following section discuss the determination of bending moments and a systematic approach is described by using the force method based on the tabulated auxiliary values to conduct tension and deflection analysis – for ordinary systems without the use of any special computer programme, but only by using the tabulated values.
Parameter identification of in vivo kinetic models: Limitations and challenges
Authors: Heijnen Joseph J. , Verheijen Peter J. T. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSystems metabolic engineering of metabolic networks by genetic techniques requires kinetic equations for each enzyme present. In vitro studies of singular enzymes have limitations for predicting in vivo behavior, and in vivo experiments are constrained to retain viable cells. The estimation of kinetic parameters in vivo is a challenge due to the complexity of the internal cell environment. This concise review analyzes the limitations of in vitro and in vivo approaches, and shows that not all parameters can be determined and that multicollinearity exists. On the other hand, this review also shows that cell metabolism is adequately described with a smaller number of parameters and with approximative or reduced models. A major hurdle is the identification and quantification of allosteric effectors. Despite limitations, in vivo kinetic experiments are adequate in providing a quantitative description of the cell as a system.
Quantitative determination of d‐ and l‐threo enantiomers of methylphenidate in brain tissue by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Combs Carolyn C. , Hankins Erin L. , Copeland Cara L. , Brown Stacy D. , Pond Brooks B. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTMethylphenidate, a psychostimulant used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy, is administered as a 50:50 racemic mixture, despite the fact that d‐methylphenidate has been shown to have greater pharmacologic activity. This paper presents a validated LC‐MS/MS approach to separation and quantification of methylphenidate enantiomers using a vancomycin column and triethylammonium acetate to enhance the chiral separation. The method is applicable to the monitoring of these enantiomers in mouse brain, with a limit of detection of 0.5 ng/mL and a lower limit of quantification of 7.5 ng/mL. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacokinetic properties of isradipine after single‐dose and multiple‐dose oral administration in Chinese volunteers: a randomized, open‐label, parallel‐group phase I study
Authors: Wang Yanran , Jin Zhaohui , Wang Zhijun , Jiang Xuehua , Wang Ling 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIsradipine could be used for the treatment of high blood pressure or Parkinsonism, yet the study on pharmacokinetics (PK) of isradipine is lacking in the Chinese population. The current study aims to assess the dose proportionality, pharmacokinetics and gender effect of isradipine following oral single and multiple doses in Chinese subjects. A randomized, open‐label, parallel‐group trial was conducted in 30 healthy Chinese volunteers. Subjects randomly received a single dose of 2.5, 5 or 10 mg, and multiple doses (2.5 mg) of isradipine. Blood samples were collected pre‐dose (0 h) and 0.33, 0.67, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h post‐dose. Isradipine was rapidly absorbed with the time to maximum concentration <1.27 h for all dosage groups. The maximum concentrations were 2.46, 5.34, 10.93 and 3.32 ng/mL and area under the concentration–time curve from time zero to the last time point (AUClast) were 7.05, 12.58, 24.68 and 5.31 ng/ml·h for the 2.5, 5 and 10 mg single‐dose and 2.5 mg multiple‐dose groups, respectively. The half‐life ranged from 5.76 to 7.94 h. The maximum concentration and AUC were found to increase linearly and dose‐dependently for isradipine. No statistical gender differences were found. These findings indicated that the pharmacokinetic parameters of isradipine in Chinese population were dose‐proportional and predictable over a range of 2.5–10 mg isradipine oral doses. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison between brain CT and MRI for voxel‐based morphometry of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Imabayashi Etsuko , Matsuda Hiroshi , Tabira Takeshi , Arima Kunimasa , Araki Nobuo , Ishii Kenji , Yamashita Fumio , Iwatsubo Takeshi ,   Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) technique using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) objectively maps gray matter loss on a voxel‐by‐voxel basis after anatomic standardization. In patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), reductions of gray matter volume, mainly in the medial temporal structures, have been reported; however, inhomogeneity and geometric distortion of the field intensity hampers the reproducibility of MRI. In the present study, we developed a novel computed tomography (CT)‐based VBM method and used this technique to detect volume loss in AD patients as compared with normal controls. The results were compared with MRI‐based VBM using the same subjects. Pittsburgh Compound B (11C‐PIB) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT was performed and two experts in neuro‐nuclear medicine judged whether regional amyloid β load was consistent with a diagnosis of AD. Before the injection of 11C‐PIB, high‐quality CT scans were obtained using the same PET/CT equipment. MRI was performed within a mean interval of 25.1 ± 8.2 days before the PET/CT scan. Using statistical parametric mapping 8 (SPM8), the extracted gray matter images from CT and MRI were spatially normalized using a gray matter template and smoothed using a Gaussian kernel. Group comparisons were performed using SPM8 between five 11C‐PIB‐positive patients with probable AD and seven 11C‐PIB‐negative age‐matched controls with normal cognition. Gray matter volumes in the bilateral medial temporal areas were reduced in the AD group as compared with the cognitively normal group in both CT‐based VBM (in the left; P < 0.0001, cluster size 2776 and in the right; P < 0.0001, cluster size 630) and MRI‐based VBM (in the left; P < 0.0001, cluster size 381 and in the right, P < 0.0001, cluster size 421). This newly developed CT‐based VBM technique can detect significant atrophy in the entorhinal cortex in probable AD patients as previously reported using MRI‐based VBM. However, CT‐VBM was more sensitive and revealed larger areas of significant atrophy than MR‐VBM.
Benefits of Cross‐sector Partnerships in Markets at the Base of the Pyramid
Authors: Schuster Tassilo , Holtbrügge Dirk 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper we analyze whether cross‐sector partnerships enable companies to respond to the specific conditions at the base of the pyramid (BOP). We develop three hypotheses in which we argue how cross‐sector partnerships support companies to face unfamiliar conditions in these markets. We test the developed hypotheses against the data of 103 companies operating in BOP‐markets. The results show that companies rely on organizations from the civil society sector in order to meet customer needs. Partners from the business sector are supportive when responding to restrictive market conditions. Institutional partnerships should be considered when companies aim at responding to the regulatory environment. We outline theoretical and managerial implications and reflect some limitations of the study. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The Road to Sustainability: Exploring the Process of Corporate Environmental Strategy Over Time
Authors: Papagiannakis Giorgos , Voudouris Irini , Lioukas Spyros 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTWe explore corporate environmental strategy over time, investigating the patterns of evolving environmental investment decisions. Longitudinal case studies provide evidence that environmental strategy evolves through a feedback process, wherein outcomes of earlier decisions have an impact on subsequent decisions. Specifically, positive feedback from outcomes like innovation triggers higher goals, enhancing the undertaking of advanced investments, whereas negative feedback from outcomes, such as increased costs, decelerates the adoption of further investments. The study points to an emergent view of environmental strategy, where capabilities that are gradually developed in concomitance with environmental outcomes lead to an upgrading of environmental goals, thus triggering the feedback process. The process eventually culminates in higher levels of environmental conduct, being more and more integrated with business strategy and competitive advantage. Managers' values and environmental attitudes influence environmental decisions and actions, affecting the acceleration of the feedback process and the magnitude of responses. Managerial implications are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Environmental, Sustainable Behaviors and Innovation of Firms During the Financial Crisis
Authors: Kim Yunhee 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the relation between sustainable and environmental behaviors and performance and innovation. Altogether, 1032 observations are divided into specific groups according to the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) Global 500 report and the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) for 2008 and 2009. Based on legitimation theory and stakeholder theory, we regard the voluntary activities of firms as having long‐run effective characteristics that can be applied to industry in general. The environmental behavior of firms is represented by CDP activity, while the DJSI represents their sustainable activities. Based on the assumption that corporate environmentalism is a bilateral agreement between policymakers and firms, we answer four specific research questions. (i) What is the relation between voluntary activities and performance of firms? (ii) Do firms' voluntary activities in environmental and sustainable implementations induce innovation? (iii) How does the nature of innovation depend on voluntary type of the firms? (iv) What is the link between firm characteristics and innovation according to voluntary types? From the presented empirical analysis, we find positive relations between corporate environmentalism and innovative activities. We then classify environmental and sustainable issues and propose an empirical model of the links between environmental and sustainable behaviors and innovation activities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Self‐Assembled Poly(N‐methylaniline)–Lignosulfonate Spheres: From Silver‐Ion Adsorbent to Antimicrobial Material
Authors: Lü Qiu‐Feng , Zhang Jia‐Yin , Yang Jun , He Zhi‐Wei , Fang Chang‐Qing , Lin Qilang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSelf‐assembled poly(N‐methylaniline)–lignosulfonate (PNMA–LS) composite spheres with reactive silver‐ion adsorbability were prepared from N‐methylaniline by using lignosulfonate (LS) as a dispersant. The results show that the PNMA–LS composite consisted of spheres with good size distribution and an average diameter of 1.03–1.27 μm, and the spheres were assembled by their final nanofibers with an average diameter of 19–34 nm. The PNMA–LS composite spheres exhibit excellent silver‐ion adsorption; the maximum adsorption capacity of silver ions is up to 2.16 g g−1 at an adsorption temperature of 308 K. TEM and wide‐angle X‐ray results of the PNMA–LS composite spheres after absorption of silver ions show that silver ions are reduced to silver nanoparticles with a mean diameter of about 11.2 nm through a redox reaction between the PNMA–LS composite and the silver ions. The main adsorption mechanism between the PNMA–LS composite and the silver ions is chelation and redox adsorption. In particular, a ternary PNMA–LS–Ag composite achieved by using the reducing reaction between PNMA–LS composite spheres and silver ions can be used as an antibacterial material with high bactericidal rate of 99.95 and 99.99 % for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus cells, respectively.
Bis(sulfonylimide)ruthenium(VI) Porphyrins: X‐ray Crystal Structure and Mechanism of CH Bond Amination by Density Functional Theory Calculations
Authors: Guo Zhen , Guan Xiangguo , Huang Jie‐Sheng , Tsui Wai‐Man , Lin Zhenyang , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe X‐ray crystal structure of [RuVI(NMs)2(tmp)] (Ms=SO2‐ p‐MeOC6H4; tmp=5,10,15,20‐tetramesitylporphyrinato(2−)), a metal sulfonylimide complex that can undergo alkene aziridination and CH bond amination reactions, shows a RuN distance of 1.79(3) Å and Ru‐N‐S angle of 162.5(3)°. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the electronic structures of [RuVI(NMs)2(tmp)] and model complex [RuVI(NMs)2(por0)] (por0=unsubstituted porphyrinato(2−)) using the M06L functional gave results in agreement with experimental observations. For the amination of ethylbenzene by the singlet ground state of [RuVI(NMs)2(por0)], DFT calculations using the M06L functional revealed an effectively concerted pathway involving rate‐limiting hydrogen atom abstraction without a distinct radical rebound step. The substituent effect on the amination reactivity of ethylbenzene by [RuVI(NX)2(por0)] (X=SO2‐p‐YC6H4 with Y=MeO, Me, H, Cl, NO2) was examined. Electron‐withdrawing Y groups lower the energy of the LUMOs of [RuVI(NX)2(por0)], thus facilitating their interaction with the low‐lying HOMO of the ethylbenzene CH bond and hence increasing the reactivity of [RuVI(NX)2(por0)]. DFT calculations on the amination/aziridination reactions of [RuVI(NSO2C6H5)2(por0)] with pent‐4‐enal, an aldehyde substrate bearing acyl, homoallylic, and allylic CH bonds and a CC bond, revealed a lower reaction barrier for the amination of the acyl CH bond than for both the amination of the other CH bonds and aziridination of the CC bond in this substrate.
ChemInform Abstract: The Interpenetrated Three‐Dimensional Framework of a New Mixed Lithium/Ammonium Perchlorate Growth in a Gel Medium.
Authors: Walha Siwar , Bouchaala Mahmoud , Ben Salah Abdelhamid 
Published: July 2013

AbstractLi9.41(NH4)0.59ClO4 is synthesized by slow diffusion of aqueous lithium oxalate and ammonium oxalate dissolved in perchloric acid through agar agar gel at ambient temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploring the Color of Transition Metal Ions in Irregular Coordination Geometries: New Colored Inorganic Oxides Based on the Spiroffite Structure, Zn2‐xMxTe3O8 (M: Co, Ni, Cu).
Authors: Tamilarasan S. , Sarma Debajit , Bhattacharjee S. , Waghmare U. V. , Natarajan S. , Gopalakrishnan J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA series of Zn2‐xMxTe3O8 compounds (M: Co, Ni, Cu; 0 < x ≤ 1) is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of ZnO, TeO2, and MC2O2·2H2O (M: Co, Ni) or CuO (620 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Photoluminescent Cuprous Iodide Polymorphs Generated via in situ Organic Reactions.
Authors: Li Shi‐Li , Zhang Rong , Hou Juan‐Juan , Zhang Xian‐Ming 
Published: July 2013

AbstractColorless needle‐like crystals of α‐(NMe4)[Cu2I3] are prepared by solvothermal reaction of CuI, hexamethylenetetramine, and HI in MeOH in a molar ratio of 5:2:7:150 (autoclave, 150 °C, 120 h; 61% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: A Tunable Class of Chiral Cp Ligands for Enantioselective Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C—H Allylations of Benzamides.
Authors: Ye Baihua , Cramer Nicolai 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA series of sterically tunable Rh(I)‐precatalysts (I) is prepared and tested in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquid‐Catalyzed Internal Redox Esterification Reaction.
Authors: Yu Yinyin , Hua Li , Zhu Wenwen , Shi Yu , Cao Ting , Qiao Yunxiang , Hou Zhenshan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSeveral ionic liquids are tested as solvents and catalysts for the internal redox esterification reaction of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes and aliphatic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: NIS‐Mediated Electrophilic Cyclization of 3‐Silyloxy‐1,n‐enynes.
Authors: Huber Florian , Kirsch Stefan F. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis method yields polyfunctional cyclopentane derivatives with endo‐ or exocyclic iodinated tri‐ or tetrasubstituted double bonds.