bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Phase II Trial of the Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Lenvatinib (E7080) in Advanced Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Schlumberger Martin , Jarzab Barbara , Cabanillas Maria E. , Robinson Bruce , Pacini Furio , Ball Douglas W. , McCaffrey Judith , Newbold Kate , Allison Roger , Martins Renato G. , Licitra Lisa F. , Shah Manisha H. , Bodenner Donald , Elisei Rossella , Burmeister Lynn , Funahashi Yasuhiro , Ren Min , O'Brien James P. , Sherman Steven I. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurpose: Positive results of phase I studies evaluating lenvatinib in solid tumors, including thyroid cancer, prompted a phase II trial in advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).Experimental Design: Fifty-nine patients with unresectable progressive MTC per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.0 within the prior 12 months received lenvatinib (24-mg daily, 28-day cycles) until disease progression, unmanageable toxicity, withdrawal, or death. Prior anti-VEGFR therapy was permitted. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v1.0 and independent imaging review.Results: Lenvatinib ORR was 36% [95% confidence interval (CI), 24%–49%]; all partial responses. ORR was comparable between patients with (35%) or without (36%) prior anti-VEGFR therapy. Disease control rate (DCR) was 80% (95% CI, 67%–89%); 44% had stable disease. Among responders, median time to response (TTR) was 3.5 months (95% CI, 1.9–3.7). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.0 months (95% CI, 7.0–not evaluable). Common toxicity criteria grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events included diarrhea (14%), hypertension (7%), decreased appetite (7%), fatigue, dysphagia, and increased alanine aminotransferase levels (5% each). Ret proto-oncogene status did not correlate with outcomes. Low baseline levels of angiopoietin-2, hepatocyte growth factor, and IL8 were associated with tumor reduction and prolonged PFS. High baseline levels of VEGF, soluble VEGFR3, and platelet-derived growth factor BB, and low baseline levels of soluble Tie-2, were associated with tumor reduction.Conclusions: Lenvatinib had a high ORR, high DCR, and a short TTR in patients with documented progressive MTC. Toxicities were managed with dose modifications and medications. Clin Cancer Res; 22(1); 44–53. ©2015 AACR.
Platelet activation is less enhanced in the new balloon expandable Edwards Sapien 3 valve compared to its predecessor model (Edwards Sapien XT)
Authors: Voesch Sabrina , Htun Patrik , Jorbenadze Rezo , Geisler Tobias , Gawaz Meinrad , Bocksch Wolfgang , Fateh-Moghadam Suzanne 
Published: August 2015

SummaryStroke and thromboembolic events after transfemoral aortic valve replacement (TAVR) continue to be a problem. The aim of our study was to compare platelet aggregation (Agg) and platelet activation (PA) observed with two different catheter valves, the ESV-XT and the newer ESV-3 valve in patients (pts) undergoing TAVR on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). A total of 174 patients with severe aortic stenosis and high surgical risk successfully underwent TAVR (60 ESV-XT; 114 ESV-3). Platelet Agg and PA (CD62P expression) were evaluated before and the following three days after TAVR under DAPT. Platelet Agg was inhibited to the same extent in both valve types and there was no significant difference in platelet drop between both valve types between day 0 and day 3 [ESV-XT vs ESV-3: median (25th-75th percentile): platelet count (x1000): 55 (42–74) vs 61(42–93), p=0.280]. However, there was an enhanced CD62P expression directly after TAVR with the ESV-XT compared to the ESV-3 [CD62P (MIF): 7.4 (6.8–8.6) vs 6.6 (6–7.9), p=0.014]. Surface expression of platelet CD62P was associated with the occurrence of residual aortic regurgitation (AR) and was significantly higher in patients with residual AR [CD62P (mild AR) vs CD 62P (no or trace AR): 7.9 (7.3–9.1) vs 7.1 (6.4–8.0), p < 0.001)]. PA was significantly enhanced in patients with the ESV-XT compared to the ESV-3 valve and was associated with the amount of residual AR which was significantly reduced by ESV-3. This may have implications for thromboembolic events following TAVR procedure
AVALIAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE PROJETO EM REFORMAS DE EDIFICAÇÕES DE UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA
Authors: Andery Paulo Roberto , Starling Cícero , Martins Rute 
Published: August 2015

<p class="titulo-SIBRAGEC"><span>O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo exploratório sobre o processo de projeto em obras de readequação de edificações universitárias em uma instituição pública. Utilizou-se o método de estudos de caso múltiplos. Como fontes de evidências destacam-se a análise de documentos e projetos, a observação direta de rotinas de trabalho e entrevistas com os agentes envolvidos no processo de projeto. Três empreendimentos foram estudados, e as principais dificuldades e problemas do processo de projeto são analisados e comparados com estudos recentes com foco em instituições universitárias. Os resultados sugerem que, além dos problemas inerentes aos mecanismos de contratação de projetos de obras públicas, as instituições universitárias têm problemas específicos, associados a mudanças frequentes na estrutura organizacional, o que implica em alteração nos mecanismos de tomada de decisão, mudanças também frequentes no quadro de profissionais envolvidos, forte intervenção dos clientes nos processos de projeto e uma dinâmica de projetos condicionada à obtenção de recursos financeiros. Esses fatores dificultam uma efetiva colaboração voltada a soluções integradas para as etapas de projeto e construção. Esses resultados são similares aos encontrados em outros estudos conduzidos recentemente. </span><span> </span></p><p class="corpodoresumo-SIBRAGEC"> </p>
AVALIAÇÃO PÓS-OCUPAÇÃO: PRÉ-TESTE DE INSTRUMENTOS PARA VERIFICAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE EMPREENDIMENTOS HABITACIONAIS EM SISTEMAS CONSTRUTIVOS INOVADORES
Authors: Ono Rosaria , Ornstein Sheila Walbe , Oliveira Fabiana Lopes de , Galvao Walter José Ferreira 
Published: August 2015

<p>Este artigo discute a importância do pré-teste e os resultados da sua aplicação num procedimento para avaliação de desempenho de empreendimentos habitacionais em uso, visando contribuir para o conhecimento sobre a qualidade do ambiente construído e dos sistemas construtivos inovadores especificados dentro de uma visão sistêmica do ciclo de vida útil das edificações. O procedimento padronizado englobando um conjunto de instrumentos otimizados para avaliação de desempenho, ora proposto, teve como base a metodologia da Avaliação Pós-Ocupação (APO) e os requisitos e critérios da norma brasileira ABNT/NBR 15575:2013. Ressalta-se que esse conjunto de instrumentos foi concebido para permitir uma avaliação preliminar do atendimento do sistema construtivo inovador de empreendimentos habitacionais aos requisitos de desempenho definidos em normas brasileiras, considerando as suas principais características. Os instrumentos propostos e pré-testados indicam ser fundamental a participação dos usuários (moradores) na avaliação das habitações em fase de uso, combinada com a aplicação de instrumentos para a avaliação técnica de desempenho realizada por especialistas, como forma de obtenção de insumos essenciais para aprimorar o processo e a gestão visando à garantia da qualidade arquitetônica e construtiva.</p>
Indefinite Proximity Learning: A Review
Authors: Schleif Frank-Michael , Tino Peter 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Efficient learning of a data analysis task strongly depends on the data representation. Most methods rely on (symmetric) similarity or dissimilarity representations by means of metric inner products or distances, providing easy access to powerful mathematical formalisms like kernel or branch-and-bound approaches. Similarities and dissimilarities are, however, often naturally obtained by nonmetric proximity measures that cannot easily be handled by classical learning algorithms. Major efforts have been undertaken to provide approaches that can either directly be used for such data or to make standard methods available for these types of data. We provide a comprehensive survey for the field of learning with nonmetric proximities. First, we introduce the formalism used in nonmetric spaces and motivate specific treatments for nonmetric proximity data. Second, we provide a systematization of the various approaches. For each category of approaches, we provide a comparative discussion of the individual algorithms and address complexity issues and generalization properties. In a summarizing section, we provide a larger experimental study for the majority of the algorithms on standard data sets. We also address the problem of large-scale proximity learning, which is often overlooked in this context and of major importance to make the method relevant in practice. The algorithms we discuss are in general applicable for proximity-based clustering, one-class classification, classification, regression, and embedding approaches. In the experimental part, we focus on classification tasks.
A Controversial Dialogue between International and Domestic Courts on Functional Immunity
Authors: Farnelli Gian Maria 
Published: August 2015

The present contribution stems from a number of judicial decisions concerning immunity of State officials from foreign domestic jurisdiction, with specific regard to criminal jurisdiction. In particular, the article aims at analysing current trends concerning immunity of State officials from foreign domestic jurisdiction.
In order to do so, an analysis of the customary rules concerning immunity of State officials, either personal or organic, is sketched out first of all, also taking into consideration the recent work of the International Law Commission on the topic in point.
Subsequently, international and domestic case law are dealt with. In particular, the analysis considers the stance taken by international as well as domestic courts with regard to organic immunity in cases of international or common crimes.
Lastly, some conclusions are drawn, also pointing towards some small openings in current case law so as to suggest a possible balance between competing claims.
Does the Lack of Coupling in SST-Forced Atmosphere-Only Models Limit Their Usefulness for Climate Change Studies?
Authors: He Jie , Soden Brian J. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) are often considered inadequate for studying natural climate variability because of their lack of coupling with an underlying ocean. This lack of two-way air–sea coupling results in an inconsistency in surface energetics. This study aims to determine whether the lack of two-way air–sea coupling also undermines an AGCM’s ability to simulate anthropogenic climate change. A comparison between coupled and atmospheric GCM simulations shows that anthropogenic climate change can be well reproduced by an AGCM and that errors due to the lack of two-way coupling are primarily limited to internal variability. Simulations using a stochastic linear model are shown to further support this conclusion. These results suggest a greater utility for AGCMs as computationally efficient tools for understanding and downscaling coupled model simulations of anthropogenic climate change.
Modeling Hydrologic Response to Climate Change and Shrinking Glaciers in the Highly Glacierized Kunma Like River Catchment, Central Tian Shan
Authors: Zhao Qiudong , Zhang Shiqiang , Ding Yong Jian , Wang Jian , Han Haidong , Xu Junli , Zhao Chuancheng , Guo Wanqin , Shangguan Donghui 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Arid and semiarid lowland areas of central Asia are largely dependent on fluvial water originating from the Tian Shan. Mountain glaciers contribute significantly to runoff, particularly in summer. With global warming, the total glacier area in the Kunma Like River catchment declined by 13.2% during 1990–2007. For future water resources, it is essential to quantify the responses of hydrologic processes to both climate change and shrinking glaciers in glacierized catchments, such as the headwaters of the Tarim River. Thus, a degree-day glacier melt algorithm was integrated into the macroscale hydrologic Variable Infiltration Capacity model (VIC). Good results were obtained for monthly runoff simulations in the Kunma Like River catchment, which suggest that the extended VIC has acceptable performance. Because of increased precipitation and air temperature, annual runoff in the catchment has increased by about 4.07 × 108 m3 decade−1 during 1984/85–2006/07. Under the assumption of the same climatic conditions, sensitivity analyses indicated that annual and summer river runoff volumes would decrease by 9.3% and 10.4%, respectively, for reductions in glacier area of 13.2%. The variation coefficient of annual runoff also increased because of shrinking glaciers. Runoff scenarios for warmer future climate and various deglaciation situations suggest that reductions in glacier area by &gt;30% will likely produce less meltwater in summer and river runoff will decline. Consequently, the annual total discharge of the Kunma Like River is projected to decrease by 2.8%–19.4% in the 2050s scenario because of glacier shrinking.
Exploiting Over-Land OceanSat-2 Scatterometer Observations to Capture Short-Period Time-Integrated Precipitation
Authors: Turk F. Joseph , Sikhakolli R. , Kirstetter P. , Durden S. L. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Estimation of overland precipitation using observations from the radar and passive microwave radiometer sensors onboard the current Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) and predecessor Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellites is constrained by the underlying surface variability. The factors controlling the multichannel microwave surface emissivity and radar surface backscatter are related to surface properties such as soil type and vegetation properties that vary with location and time. Variability due to slowly varying seasonal changes can be considered when simulating radar reflectivities and radiometer equivalent blackbody brightness temperatures for use with precipitation retrieval algorithms. However, over certain surfaces, a more transient, dynamic surface change is manifested upon the onset of intermittent rain events. In these situations, a timely update of the surface state prior to each satellite overpass, together with knowledge of the associated variability in the emissivity and radar surface backscatter, may be useful to improve the performance of the overland precipitation retrieval algorithms. In this study, the potential for wide-swath surface backscatter observations from the Ku-band, dual-beam OceanSat-2 scatterometer (OSCAT) is examined as a surface reference for tracking previous-time precipitation. Over certain surfaces, it is shown that a time-change detection approach is useful to isolate the change in radar backscatter owing to previous 3-h rainfall accumulations from the more slowly varying background state. A practical use of this method would be the production of an ancillary previous-time precipitation map, which could be consulted by retrieval algorithms to select (or adjust the weighting of) candidate solutions that represent the most current surface conditions.
Analysis of Thundersnow Storms over Northern Colorado
Authors: Kumjian Matthew R. , Deierling Wiebke 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTLightning flashes during snowstorms occur infrequently compared to warm-season convection. The rarity of such thundersnow events poses an additional hazard because the lightning is unexpected. Because cloud electrification in thundersnow storms leads to relatively few lightning discharges, studying thundersnow events may offer insights into mechanisms for charging and possible thresholds required for lightning discharges. Observations of four northern Colorado thundersnow events that occurred during the 2012/13 winter are presented. Four thundersnow events in one season strongly disagrees with previous climatologies that used surface reports, implying thundersnow may be more common than previously thought. Total lightning information from the Colorado Lightning Mapping Array and data from conterminous United States lightning detection networks are examined to investigate the snowstorms’ electrical properties and to compare them to typical warm-season thunderstorms. Data from polarimetric WSR-88Ds near Denver, Colorado, and Cheyenne, Wyoming, are used to reveal the storms’ microphysical structure and determine operationally relevant signatures related to storm electrification. Most lightning occurred within convective cells containing graupel and pristine ice. However, one flash occurred in a stratiform snowband, apparently triggered by a tower. Depolarization streaks were observed in the radar data prior to the flash, indicating electric fields strong enough to orient pristine ice crystals. Direct comparisons of similar lightning- and nonlightning-producing convective cells reveal that though both cells likely produced graupel, the lightning-producing cell had larger values of specific differential phase and polarimetric radar–derived ice mass. Compared to warm-season thunderstorms, the analyzed thundersnow storms had similar electrical properties but lower flash rates and smaller vertical depths, suggesting they are weaker, ordinary thunderstorms lacking any warm (>0°C) cloud depth.
Citation Impact of Women in Social Work
Authors: Holosko Michael J. , Barner John R. , Allen Junior Lloyd 
Published: August 2015

Purpose: We assessed citation impact scholarship of women in the top 25-ranked schools of social work in the United States. Method: We used a mixed methodology. Part 1 was a secondary data analysis of the top-25 U.S. News and World Report ranked schools from 2012 using the Hirsch h-index over a 10-year period. Qualitative interviews were conducted with graduates from top-ranked schools. We then examined the faculty websites. Results: The mean h-score was 18.64. The majority of these women were employed at the University of Washington ( n = 6), followed by Columbia University and the Universities of Southern California ( n = 3, respectively), Michigan, and California at Berkeley ( n = 2, respectively). Discussion: The overall impact scores for these women are significant and speak to a number of factors including negotiating long-standing systemic and structural variables. We continue to describe elements of research cultures, which are essential to our profession’s academic development in today’s corporate university cultures.
Green Jobs Career Pathways
Authors: Scully-Russ Ellen 
Published: August 2015

The Problem In light of the 2008 recession, new government investment to stimulate the development of new green markets has been unprecedented. One area that has received significant attention is workforce development to support the education and training of workers in new knowledge and skills required to convert and maintain green enterprises. Yet many question whether the U.S. workforce development system, which has been described as fragmented and incoherent, has the capacity to respond. The Solution The article presents findings of a comparative case study of two Energy Training Partnerships (ETPs) funded by the U.S. Department of Labor to stimulate a comprehensive workforce development strategy for green jobs in two regions. It provides new insight into the challenges and effective practices of meeting the needs of the green economy as well as improving the functioning of the U.S. workforce development system. The Stakeholders Scholars and practitioners concerned with the effective and equitable functioning of the labor market, including human resource development, workforce development, and economic development, will be interested in this article. In addition, advocates and policymakers seeking innovative approaches to supporting the green economy and green jobs may find this article useful.
Changing Cities, Changing Culture
Authors: Benton-Short Lisa , Cseh Maria 
Published: August 2015

The Problem With the rapid increase of urban populations, managing urban sustainability has become one of the most important development challenges of the 21st century. As cities plan for a sustainable future, human resource development (HRD) professionals have the potential to facilitate collaboration across multiple organizations and at various scales (neighborhood, ward, city, metropolitan area) and to foster culture change that embraces ecological protection, economic development, and social equity. Although the role of HRD in crises management as a result of major environmental disasters is discussed in the literature, the field of HRD is in its infancy in examining its role and approaches in greening the society and addressing urban environmental challenges proactively. The Solution This conceptual article examines sustainability and urban sustainability and their linkage with HRD, discusses the emergent roles of HRD in crisis management, presents opportunities and challenges for Green HRD as a proactive process, and concludes with a call for the moral imperative for HRD in urban sustainability in implementing long-term change processes with a social justice and equity agenda. The Stakeholders This article informs local government agencies, nonprofit and for-profit organizations, community groups, and their HRD leaders involved in urban sustainability planning and implementation on approaches to building new adaptive capacity and fostering culture change through collaborative learning and leadership interventions.
Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) as potential vehicles for drug delivery in cancer therapy: an in vitro study
Authors: Bonomi Arianna , Silini Antonietta , Vertua Elsa , Signoroni Patrizia Bonassi , Coccè Valentina , Cavicchini Loredana , Sisto Francesca , Alessandri Giulio , Pessina Augusto , Parolini Ornella 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Introduction
In the context of drug delivery, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from bone marrow and adipose tissue have emerged as interesting candidates due to their homing abilities and capacity to carry toxic loads, while at the same time being highly resistant to the toxic effects. Amongst the many sources of MSCs which have been identified, the human term placenta has attracted particular interest due to its unique, tissue-related characteristics, including its high cell yield and virtually absent expression of human leukocyte antigens and co-stimulatory molecules. Under basal, non-stimulatory conditions, placental MSCs also possess basic characteristics common to MSCs from other sources. These include the ability to secrete factors which promote cell growth and tissue repair, as well as immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate MSCs isolated from the amniotic membrane of human term placenta (hAMSCs) as candidates for drug delivery in vitro.

Methods
We primed hAMSCs from seven different donors with paclitaxel (PTX) and investigated their ability to resist the cytotoxic effects of PTX, to upload the drug, and to release it over time. We then analyzed whether the uptake and release of PTX was sufficient to inhibit proliferation of CFPAC-1, a pancreatic tumor cell line sensitive to PTX.

Results
For the first time, our study shows that hAMSCs are highly resistant to PTX and are not only able to uptake the drug, but also release it over time. Moreover, we show that PTX is released from hAMSCs in a sufficient amount to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, whilst some of the PTX is also retained within the cells.

Conclusion
Taken together, for the first time our results show that placental stem cells can be used as vehicles for the delivery of cytotoxic agents.