bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical behavior of gas‐saturated methane hydrate‐bearing sediments
Authors: Hyodo Masayuki , Li Yanghui , Yoneda Jun , Nakata Yukio , Yoshimoto Norimasa , Nishimura Akira , Song Yongchen 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA series of triaxial compression tests were conducted in order to investigate the mechanical behavior of gas‐saturated methane hydrate‐bearing sediments, and a comparison was made between gas‐saturated and water‐saturated specimens. Measurements on gas‐saturated specimens indicate that (1) the larger the methane hydrate saturation, the larger the failure strength and the more apparent the shear dilation behavior; (2) failure strength and stiffness increase with increasing effective confining stress and pore pressure applied during compression, though the specimen becomes less dilative under higher effective confining stress; (3) lower temperatures lead to an increase of the stiffness and failure strength; (4) stiffness of specimens formed under lower pore pressure is higher than that of specimens formed under higher pore pressure but at the same effective stress; (5) stiffness and failure strength of gas‐saturated specimens are higher than those of water‐saturated specimens; (6) gas‐saturated specimens show more apparent strain‐softening behavior and larger volumetric strain than that of water‐saturated specimens.
Thermal equation of state and thermodynamic properties of iron carbide Fe3C to 31 GPa and 1473 K
Authors: Litasov Konstantin D. , Sharygin Igor S. , Dorogokupets Peter I. , Shatskiy Anton , Gavryushkin Pavel N. , Sokolova Tatiana S. , Ohtani Eiji , Li Jie , Funakoshi Kenichi 
Published: October 2013

AbstractResent experimental and theoretical studies suggested preferential stability of Fe3C over Fe7C3at the condition of the Earth's inner core. Previous studies showed that Fe3C remains in an orthorhombic structure with the space groupPnmato 250 GPa, but it undergoes ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) and PM to nonmagnetic (NM) phase transitions at 6–8 and 55–60 GPa, respectively. These transitions cause uncertainties in the calculation of the thermoelastic and thermodynamic parameters of Fe3C at core conditions. In this work we determinedP‐V‐Tequation of state of Fe3C using the multianvil technique and synchrotron radiation at pressures up to 31 GPa and temperatures up to 1473 K. A fit of ourP‐V‐Tdata to a Mie‐Gruneisen‐Debye equation of state produce the following thermoelastic parameters for the PM‐phase of Fe3C:V0 = 154.6 (1) Å3,KT0= 192 (3) GPa,KT′ = 4.5 (1),γ0= 2.09 (4),θ0 = 490 (120) К, andq = −0.1 (3). Optimization of theP‐V‐Tdata for the PM phase along with existing reference data for thermal expansion and heat capacity using a Kunc‐Einstein equation of state yielded the following parameters:V0 = 2.327 cm3/mol (154.56 Å3),KT0 = 190.8 GPa,KT′ = 4.68, ΘE10 = 305 K (which corresponds toθ0 = 407 K), γ0 = 2.10,e0 = 9.2 × 10−5K−1,m = 4.3, andg = 0.66 with fixed parametersmE1 = 3n = 12, γ∞ = 0,β = 0.3, anda0 = 0. This formulation allows for calculations of any thermodynamic functions of Fe3C versusTandVor versusTandP. Assuming carbon as the sole light element in the inner core, extrapolation of our equation of state of the NM phase of Fe3C suggests that 3.3 ± 0.9 wt % С at 5000 К and 2.3 ± 0.8 wt % С at 7000 К matches the density at the inner core boundary.
Three‐dimensional velocity field of present‐day crustal motion of the Tibetan Plateau derived from GPS measurements
Authors: Liang Shiming , Gan Weijun , Shen Chuanzheng , Xiao Genru , Liu Jing , Chen Weitao , Ding Xiaoguang , Zhou Deming 
Published: October 2013

AbstractUsing the measurements of 750 GPS stations around the Tibetan Plateau for over 10 years since 1999, we derived a high‐resolution 3‐D velocity field for the present‐day crustal movement of the plateau. The horizontal velocity field relative to stable Eurasia displays in details the crustal movement and tectonic deformation features of the India‐Eurasia continental collision zone with thrust compression, lateral extrusion, and clockwise rotation. The vertical velocity field reveals that the Tibetan Plateau is continuing to rise as a whole relative to its stable north neighbor. However, in some subregions, uplift is insignificant or even negative. The main features of the vertical crustal deformation of the plateau are the following: (a) The Himalayan range is still rising at a rate of ~2 mm/yr. The uplift rate is ~6 mm/yr with respect to the south foot of the Himalayan range. (b) The middle eastern plateau has a typical uplift rate between 1 and 2 mm/yr, and some high mountain ranges in this area, like the Longmen Shan and Gongga Shan, have surprising uplift rates as large as 2–3mm/yr. (c) In the middle southern plateau, there is a basin and endorheic subregion with a series of NS striking normal faults, showing obvious sinking with the rates between 0 and ‐3 mm/yr. (d) The present‐day rising and sinking subregions generally correspond well to the Cenozoic orogenic belts and basins, respectively. (e) At the southeastern corner of the plateau. There is an apparent trend that the uplift rate is gradually decreasing from between 0.8 and 2.3 mm/yr in the inner plateau to between ‐0.5 and ‐1.6 mm/yr outside the plateau, with the decrease of terrain height.
Impacts of assimilation of ATMS data in HWRF on track and intensity forecasts of 2012 four landfall hurricanes
Authors: Zou X. , Weng F. , Zhang B. , Lin L. , Qin Z. , Tallapragada V. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis study demonstrates the added benefits of assimilating the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) radiances in the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) system to forecasts of four Atlantic hurricane cases that made landfall in 2012. In the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation data assimilation system, the HWRF model top is raised to ~0.5 hPa and the cold start embedded in the HWRF system is changed to a warm start. The ATMS data quality control (QC) procedure is examined and illustrated for its effectiveness in removing cloudy radiances of all the 22 ATMS channels using primarily the information from ATMS channels 1 and 2. For each hurricane case, two pairs of data assimilation and forecasting experiments are carried out and compared with and without including ATMS data. The only difference between the two pairs of experiments is that the second pair also includes data from several other polar‐orbiting satellite instruments. It is shown that ATMS data assimilation in HWRF results in a consistent positive impact on the track and intensity forecasts of the four landfall hurricanes.
Estimating the broadband longwave emissivity of global bare soil from the MODIS shortwave albedo product
Authors: Cheng Jie , Liang Shunlin 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA constant land surface longwave emissivity value, or very simple parameterization, has been adopted by current land surface models because of a current lack of reliable observations. Of all the various Earth surface types, bare soil has the highest variations in broadband emissivity (BBE). We propose here a new algorithm to estimate BBE in the 8–13.5 µm spectral range based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) albedo product for bare soil. This algorithm takes advantage of both Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) longwave emissivity and MODIS shortwave albedo products, as well as the established linear relationship between ASTER BBE and seven MODIS spectral albedos for bare soil. In order to mitigate step discontinuities in the global land surface BBE product, a transition zone was established and the BBE estimation method was also provided. Three linear formulae were derived for bare soil and transition zones, respectively. Given the accuracy of 0.01 for MODIS spectral albedo, the absolute accuracy of BBE retrieval is better than 0.017. The validation results obtained from the three field trials conducted in China and one field trial in western/southwestern U.S. indicated that the average difference between the estimated BBE and the measured BBE was 0.016. We have introduced a new strategy to generate global land surface BBE using MODIS data. This strategy was used to generate global 8 day 1 km land surface BBE products from 2000 through 2010.
Line‐up Misidentifications: When Being ‘Prototypically Black’ is Perceived as Criminal
Authors: Knuycky Leslie R. , Kleider Heather M. , Cavrak Sarah E. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryEyewitness misidentifications are the leading factor contributing to wrongful convictions. Black men, more than any other racial group, are disproportionately affected by this, thus elevating the importance of identifying factors that contribute to the false recollection of unseen faces. In the current studies, we tested whether misplaced familiarity and subsequent misidentification of Black faces was underpinned by the degree to which target faces were considered ‘prototypical’ (i.e., representative) of the Black race category. First, results revealed that Black faces with stereotypical facial features were accurately categorized as ‘Black’ quicker than faces with nonstereotypical features (Experiment 1). Moreover, identification errors were higher for both face recognition (Experiment 2) and line‐up identification (Experiment3) for stereotypical‐featured than nonstereotypical‐featured faces. Overall, results suggest that stereotypical Black faces are representative of the category ‘Black’ and facilitated feelings of familiarity and the endorsement of memory errors that may underpin eyewitness misidentifications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality of Care for Incident Lupus Nephritis Among Medicaid Beneficiaries in the United States
Authors: Yazdany Jinoos , Feldman Candace H. , Liu Jun , Ward Michael M. , Fischer Michael A. , Costenbader Karen H. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveWe investigated the quality of care and factors associated with variations in care among a national cohort of Medicaid enrollees with incident lupus nephritis.MethodsUsing Medicaid Analytic eXtract files from 47 US states and the District of Columbia for 2000–2006, we identified a cohort of individuals with incident lupus nephritis. We assessed performance on 3 measures of health care quality: receipt of immunosuppressive, renal‐protective antihypertensive, and antimalarial medications. We examined performance on these measures over 1 year and applied multivariable logistic regression models to understand whether sociodemographic, geographic, or health care access factors were associated with higher performance on quality measures.ResultsWe identified 1,711 Medicaid enrollees with incident lupus nephritis. Performance on quality measures was low at 90 days (21.9% for immunosuppressive therapy, 44.0% for renal protection, and 36.4% for antimalarials) but increased by 1 year (33.7%, 56.4%, and 45.8%, respectively). Younger individuals, African Americans, and Hispanics were more likely to receive immunosuppressive therapy and hydroxychloroquine. Younger individuals were less likely to receive renal‐protective antihypertensive medications. We found significant geographic variation in performance, with patients in the Northeast receiving higher quality of care compared to other regions. Poor access to health care, as assessed by having a greater number of treat‐and‐release emergency department visits compared to ambulatory encounters, was associated with lower receipt of recommended treatment.ConclusionThese nationwide data suggest low overall quality of care and potential delays in care for Medicaid enrollees with incident lupus nephritis. Significant regional differences also suggest room for quality improvement.
Ultrasound Detection of Cartilage Calcification at Knee Level in Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease
Authors: Gutierrez Marwin , Di Geso Luca , Salaffi Fausto , Carotti Marina , Girolimetti Rita , De Angelis Rossella , Filippucci Emilio , Grassi Walter 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo determine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ultrasound (US) in the detection of cartilage calcification at knee level in patients with calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPDD) and to assess the interobserver reliability.MethodsSeventy‐four CPDD patients and 83 controls with other chronic arthritis were included. All patients underwent a clinical examination, synovial fluid analysis, and radiographic assessment of the knee. US examinations were performed in order to detect hyperechoic spots within the hyaline cartilage layer and hyperechoic areas within the meniscal fibrocartilage. Twenty patients were assessed by 2 operators in order to calculate the interobserver reliability.ResultsA total of 314 knees in 157 patients (74 with CPDD, 19 with rheumatoid arthritis, 17 with spondyloarthritis, 32 with osteoarthritis, and 15 with gout) were assessed. In the 74 patients with CPDD, hyaline cartilage spots were detected by US in at least 1 knee in 44 patients (59.5%), whereas radiography detected hyaline cartilage spots in 34 patients (45.9%) (P < 0.001). Meniscal fibrocartilage calcifications were detected by US in 67 of the 74 CPDD patients (90.5%), whereas conventional radiography detected calcifications in 62 patients (83.7%) (P = 0.011). The criterion validity expressed as percentage of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US in the detection of articular cartilage calcification was high. Both kappa values and overall agreement percentages showed moderate to excellent agreement.ConclusionUS is an accurate and reliable imaging technique in the detection of articular cartilage calcification at knee level in patients with CPDD.
Impairment of Dynamic Single‐Leg Balance Performance in Individuals With Hip Chondropathy
Authors: Hatton Anna L. , Kemp Joanne L. , Brauer Sandra G. , Clark Ross A. , Crossley Kay M. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveImpaired balance control has been reported in the elderly with hip osteoarthritis, yet this relationship has not been explored in young adults with hip chondropathy. This study aimed to determine whether people with hip chondropathy demonstrated impaired balance ability during a dynamic single‐leg squat with eyes open (SquatEO) and a single‐leg standing task with eyes closed (StandEC) and whether hip range of motion (ROM) and hip muscle strength were correlated with balance measures in adults with hip chondropathy.MethodsSixty‐three adults with hip chondropathy and 60 controls performed 2 tasks: SquatEO and StandEC while standing on a Nintendo Wii Balance Board. Center of pressure (COP) movement in mediolateral and anteroposterior directions was extracted. Hip ROM and muscle strength were measured with an inclinometer and dynamometer. Data were analyzed using an analysis of covariance and stepwise multiple regression model.ResultsDuring SquatEO, greater COP mediolateral range (P = 0.023) and anteroposterior SD (P = 0.043) were observed in those with hip chondropathy compared to controls. No significant between‐group differences were observed for StandEC. Hip external rotation ROM was significantly associated with mediolateral range during SquatEO.ConclusionDynamic single‐leg balance squat performance is reduced in people with hip chondropathy compared to healthy adults, but static single‐leg standing balance is not. This may be reflective of reduced control of dynamic movements. Those with greater hip joint external rotation ROM appear to have worse single‐leg squat balance performance. Further investigation into balance deficits associated with hip disease is necessary to establish early identification strategies and a tailored approach to rehabilitation.
Clinical Manifestations of Adult‐Onset Still's Disease Presenting With Erosive Arthritis: Association With Low Levels of Ferritin and Interleukin‐18
Authors: Ichida Hisae , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Sugiura Tomoko , Takagi Kae , Katsumata Yasuhiro , Gono Takahisa , Ota Yuko , Kataoka Sayuri , Kawasumi Hidenaga , Yamanaka Hisashi 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveAdult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a clinical entity with a heterogeneous etiology. We have encountered patients with AOSD who had severe polyarthritis and who fulfilled the classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, most patients with AOSD typically exhibit mild arthritis. In this study, we proposed 2 clinical subsets of AOSD and investigated the clinically significant characteristics of the 2 subtypes.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 71 consecutive patients with AOSD. We reviewed the medical records of all patients who were followed up for more than 2 years. We classified all of the patients with AOSD into the following 2 subsets: an RA subtype for patients who met the criteria for RA according to the American College of Rheumatology and a non‐RA subtype for patients who did not meet the criteria for RA.ResultsOur results indicated that the non‐RA subtype was accompanied by severe inflammatory complications, including pleuritis and hemophagocytic syndrome. In addition, the serum ferritin and serum interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) levels were significantly higher in patients with the non‐RA subtype than in those with the RA subtype. Interestingly, only 1 patient with the RA subtype had anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and 1 patient with the non‐RA subtype had rheumatoid factor. These findings distinguish these patients from patients with true RA.ConclusionThere were 2 subsets of patients with AOSD in the examined population. Patients with high levels of IL‐18 or ferritin presented with severe systemic inflammatory disorders (non‐RA subtype) and patients with low levels of IL‐18 or ferritin developed severe arthritis (RA subtype).
Value of Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasonography for the Detection and Quantification of Enthesitis Vascularization in Patients With Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Mouterde Gaël , Aegerter Philippe , Correas Jean‐Michel , Breban Maxime , D'Agostino Maria‐Antonietta 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo evaluate if contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can improve the detection and quantification of the vascularization of mild enthesitis in spondyloarthritis (SpA) and to evaluate the influence of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on such detection.MethodsFourteen patients with mildly active SpA were evaluated at 3 consecutive visits: at baseline while undergoing NSAID treatment (V1), after 1 week of stopping NSAIDs (V2), and after 1 week of resuming NSAIDs (V3). At each visit, enthesitis was evaluated clinically and by power Doppler US (PDUS). A selected enthesis with a doubtful PDUS vascularization signal was studied by CEUS in 2 steps: 1) using a dedicated technology that preserves microbubbles (Contrast Tuned Imaging technology [CEUS‐CnTI]) and 2) using high PD (CEUS‐PD) to destroy microbubbles. A linear mixed model statistical analysis, taking visits and contrast agent as fixed factors and the patient as a random factor, was used.ResultsDisease activity and PDUS findings increased between V1 and V2 and then decreased between V2 and V3. As compared with PDUS alone, CEUS‐PD and CEUS‐CnTI each detected 1 supplementary vascularized enthesis at V1, CEUS‐PD detected 1 vascularized enthesis and CEUS‐CnTI detected 3 vascularized entheses at V2, and CEUS‐PD and CEUS‐CnTI each detected 2 vascularized entheses at V3. The mean inflammation score was increased by the use of CEUS (P = 0.04). This score increased between V1 and V2 (P = 0.03 by CEUS‐PD and P = 0.01 by CEUS‐CnTI) and decreased between V2 and V3.ConclusionCEUS improved the detection of enthesitis in SpA patients by confirming all doubtful enthesitis signals and confirming the absence of enthesis vascularization. The use of NSAIDs influenced the detection of vascularization.
Processing of Magnesium Porous Structures by Infiltration Casting for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Trinidad Javier , Marco Iñigo , Arruebarrena Gurutze , Wendt Joachim , Letzig Dietmar , Sáenz de Argandoña Eneko , Goodall Russell 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMagnesium and its alloys are currently considered to be a promising metallic biomaterial. The interest in magnesium alloys arises from their biocompatibility, bioabsorbility, and especially from their mechanical properties, which are more compatible to those of human bone than the mechanical properties of other metallic biomaterials, such as stainless steel and titanium. A medical application in which magnesium is gaining interest is regenerative medicine where scaffolds are used to create tissues from cells. For its application in regenerative medicine, the scaffolds have to present a 3D open‐cell structure. The main purpose of the present research is to set up the fabrication procedure necessary to manufacture porous magnesium scaffolds; for this the replication (infiltration) process has been used and adapted to process magnesium alloys, processing five different biodegradable magnesium alloys (AZ91E, WE43, ZM20, ZWM200, and ZXM200).
An Abnormal N‐Heterocyclic Carbene–Copper(I) Complex in Click Chemistry
Authors: Sau Samaresh Chandra , Roy Sudipta Raha , Sen Tamal K. , Mullangi Dinesh , Mandal Swadhin K. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHerein we report the synthesis of a copper(I) chloro complex using an abnormal N‐heterocyclic carbene (aNHC) salt, 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐2,4‐diphenylimidazolium. The CuCl(aNHC) complex efficiently catalyzed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions (click reactions) of azides with alkynes to give 1,4‐substituted 1,2,3‐triazoles in excellent yields at room temperature within short reaction time under solvent‐free conditions. The catalyst successfully activated benzyl azide and phenylacetylene under the low catalyst loading of 0.005 mol% resulting in a nearly quantitative yield of the product at room temperature with the high TON value of 19,800. The catalyst also exhibits high efficiency in the reaction between sterically hindered azides and alkynes under solvent‐free conditions at room temperature. Furthermore, a number of internal alkynes was successfully tested in this copper‐catalyzed cycloaddition reaction for synthesis of 4,5‐disubstituted triazoles.magnified image
Phosphine‐Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation of Electron‐Deficient Alkynes with N‐Hydroxyphthalimide: Synthesis of 3a‐Hydroxyisoxazolo[3,2‐a]isoindol‐8(3aH)‐ones
Authors: Zhou Qing‐Fa , Chu Xue‐Ping , Ge Fei‐Fei , Wang Yue , Lu Tao 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe phosphine‐catalyzed [3+2] annulation of electron‐deficient alkynes with N‐hydroxyphthalimide has been developed to give a variety of pharmaceutically attractive 3a‐hydroxyisoxazolo[3,2‐a]isoindol‐8(3aH)‐ones in good to excellent yields.magnified image
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Transvinylation – New Insights
Authors: Ziriakus Jennifer , Zimmermann. Teresa K. , Pöthig Alexander , Drees Markus , Haslinger Stefan , Jantke Dominik , Kühn Fritz E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe use of ruthenium complexes in transvinylation catalysis has been well established since the 1980s. However, the reaction mechanism and the active catalyst species, which is presumed to contain ruthenium carbonyl carboxylate entities, have so far remained elusive. In this work the synthesis and characterization of three novel ruthenium complexes comprising ruthenium carbonyl carboxylate structural motifs including two single crystal structures as well as the crystal structures of two known ruthenium complexes are reported. These new complexes and four known ruthenium complexes with appropriate structural motifs were applied in transvinylation catalysis. Mechanistic studies including identification and characterization of the active species, isotope labeling experiments and examination of the regio‐ and stereoselectivity of the transvinylation reaction are presented, resulting in the proposal of a probable reaction mechanism, which is supported by DFT calculations on the B3LYP/6‐31G* level of theory.magnified image