bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping self-efficacy and personal growth in the situation of the COVID-19 threat
Authors: Kvasova O. G. , Karacheva E. A. , Prichkodko P. I. , Magomed-Eminov M. S. , Savina O. O. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn studies of the socio-psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, models focused on the negative aspects of stressors, dysfunctions, anxiety We present the attempt to expand the context and include in the field positive personal resources for psychological well-being and even post traumatic personality growth after disasters. Sometimes separation from family and friends, lack of medicines and medical resources, loss of income, social isolation to humanity, do not automatically assume that a person is capable and responsible for effectively coping with life difficulties.Objectives397 (students and patients of clinic average age 26, 2/3 are femaleMethodsPeritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) (Feng, 2020); Impact of Event Scale (Horowitz, 1979), Coping Self-efficacy Scale (Chespeu et al, 2006); Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (Tedeschi& Calhoun, 1996), MMI (Nuttin, 1986) – adapted by M. Magomed-Eminov.ResultsSignificant negative correlation between coping self-efficacy and intensity of the impact of stressful events (IES) (rS = - 0,140, p < 0,05) was predictable.CPDI and PTG showed significant correlation (Pearson’s r= 0.23, p<0.01) between Peritraumatic Distress Index and Post-Traumatic Growth indicators only in the group of respondents who have had COVID-19. The data is confirmed by the content analysis of incomplete sentences of the subjects of COVID group. The correlation between these indicators in the Non-Covid group was insignificant.Moreover additional information we got from narratives of infected patients: the data has been split into 3 groups of narratives in the context of cultural-historical activity theory which shows the triadic outcome of survivor after trauma : a) suffering, b) adaptation, coping, resilience, c) personal growth.ConclusionsTo interpret the data the authors propose the meaning-activity approach and personality work with negative life experience (Magomed-Eminov, 1998, 2007, 2009, 2021). Authors suggest that further research on the positive consequences of stressful events beside coping styles and mechanisms that would expand the repertoire of tools predicted the ability of a modern person to cope with adversity and use experience for deeper involvement of human resources with the help of personality work with personal experience.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Developing scale for affective response: anxiety, anger, depression
Authors: Shin H. Y. , Kim D. Y. , Choi S. W. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPeople experience various negative emotions when they encounter stressful events, and these negative emotions contribute to the onset of illnesses. These emotional responses are not limited to just one; a person can experience multiple emotions at once, and the primary emotional reactions can vary depending on the severity and duration of the illness or life events. This is reason why we created a self-report scale to assess short-term emotional responses, focusing on the current emotional state experienced subjectively by patients.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop an affective response scale (ARS) and examine its validity and reliability.MethodsWe established clusters of affective via a literature review and developed preliminary items based on the structure. We conducted expert content validation to converge on the final items, followed by construct validity and reliability analyses.ResultsThe research findings indicate that the Affective Response Scale was composed of three main dimensions: anxiety, anger, and depression. Content validity results confirmed the validity of most items. The scale developed in this study was found to be valid in both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and it was identified to be stable and consistent through the analysis of the internal reliability.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the ARS is highly reliable and valid, and that it can be utilized as an effective measure of the patient’s emotion and its severity.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Adaptation and analysis of the Hungarian version of the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale
Authors: Koumou V. , Nagy B. K. , Kabella B. , Feher A. , Pogany L. , Lazary J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAnhedonia (loss of ability of experience pleasure) is a transdiagnostic symptom which is presented as a prominent complain in several psychiatric disorders, such as depressive disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, addictive disorders, certain personality disorders etc. Specific instruments for assessment of anhedonia have been published in the international literature but their Hungarian versions are not available so far, however, the prevalence of affective disorders and suicide are also high in Hungary. The Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) is an instrument developed in 1995 (Snaith et al. Br J Psychiatry1995;167:99-103) which purposley has been constructed with items that can be easily translated into other languages.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to translate the 14 items into Hungarian and analyse its reability and sensitivity in a Hungarian sample consists of patinets and control persons. Further aim was to explore the differences of anhedonia profiles among diagnostic categories and subgroup of major disorders.MethodsWe recruited 170 subjects (101 controls and 59 patients; 78 men and 82 women; mean age=37,9±6,1y) into our study. Among the patients there were 27 subjects with major depressive disorer (MDD), 10 subjects with bipolar disorder (BD), 9 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), 6 patients with addictive disorder (AD) and 7 patients with anxiety disorder (ANX)±. We created two major subgorups from the dfferent diagnostic categories: affective and psychotic subgroups to compare the anhedonic profiles. Differences of mean values between case and control, men and women and subgroups were analysed by t-tests and diganostic categories by ANOVA tests performing in SPSS 20.0 software.ResultsAmong the MDD, the BD, the SCZ, the AD and the ANX groups, patients with MDD produced the highest score (6.9±3.5; 3.9±2.4; 5.9±3.9; 2.8±2.7;2.3±1.8, respectively), while controls prohibited 1.6±1.3. The case group scored significantly higher on the SHAPS than the control group (5.3± 3.6 vs. 1.6±1.3; p=0.0001). The means of SHAPS did not differ significantly between the affective subgroup and the psychotic subgroup (6.0±3.7 vs. 4.8±3.2; p=0.24). Among the subgroup of women, the age was significantly associated with the SHAPS score (p=0,04), however, this association has been not detected in men.ConclusionsThe Hungarian version of the SHAPS detected marked difference between cases and controls with good reliability and sensitivity. The instrument can be useful in daily clinical routin becuase subjects could fill it easily and quickly. In case of patients with pronounced anhedonia, treatments with spcifically targeting anhedonia can be preferred (e.g. rTMS as it was demonstrated in our earlier publications, see Lazary et al. Sci Rep 2021,11:8867; Elemery et al. Front Psychiatry 2022, 13:806731). This study was supported by the grant EFOP 5.6.2.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Breath Gas Markers in Depression and Their Relationship with Brain Metabolism
Authors: Keskin Gokcelli D. , Itzhacki Sitton J. , Kesik J. , Henning D. H. , Farrher E. , Shah N. J. , Frodl T. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDysfunctional changes in the glutamatergic system play an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. Glutamate regulates various neuronal function, such as nerve migration, excitability, plasticity, as well as long-term potentiation and long-term synaptic depression. Failures in this process might cause emotional/cognitive changes associated with stress-induced depressive symptoms, a part of our current understanding of the pathophysiology of depression. These changes might be related to deviations in biochemical blood parameters, but also to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured in breath.Objectives1) To replicate our previous finding that concentration of volatile organic compounds in expiratory breath gas and metabolites derived from MR spectroscopy distinguish unmedicated depressed patients from healthy participants, (2) to determine whether the amount of these VOCs is associated with severity of depression and anxiety, and (3) to correlate breath-VOC-content with glutamatergic neurotransmission and energy metabolism derived from MR spectroscopy.Methods25 antidepressant-free patients with major depression according to DSM V (18-65 years of age) are recruited from our out- and inpatient clinics. The controls will consist of 25 healthy age-and-sex-matched participants. Breath gas analyses will be carried out at awakening, and 30 and 60 minutes thereafter, and at 5pm using PTR-TOF-MS with direct on time measurement through a special sampler. A 7 Tesla Siemens Terra MRI scanner will be used to undertake spectroscopic measurements. Concentrations of glutamate and β-hydroxybutyrate levels in the pregenual and dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus will subsequently be assessed.ResultsStatistical analysis for differences between groups corrected for multiple measurements will be carried out. Concentration of VOCs will be correlated with brain metabolism and severity of symptoms.ConclusionsVOCs in breath are proposed to be an efficient and non-invasive marker for depression-related biochemical changes related to disease severity, and eventually useful for personalized treatment planning.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Effects of a Cognitive Bias Modification Training on Resting State EEG Microstates in Patients with MDD and Healthy Controls
Authors: Kesik J. , Kratochwil Z. , Keskin-Gökcelli D. , Müller B. , Frodl T. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with a high burden of disease and notable economic costs. Standard treatments (e.g. medication or cognitive therapy) have been shown to be effective, but some patients remain unresponsive. With the knowledge that MDD patients have been shown to display an attentional cognitive bias towards negative stimuli, Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM)-training to focus attention on positive information is thought to improve emotional processing and depressive symptoms. Some studies imply reduced duration and occurrence of microstate D in MDD compared to healthy controls. However, the effect of CBM on microstates is still unclear.Objectives(1) To replicate previous findings that duration and occurrence of microstate D is reduced in patients with MDD compared to healthy controls in an independent sample and (2) to investigate the effect of an active CBM-training versus a control-training on microstates and its association with symptom improvements.MethodsThirty patients receiving outpatient treatment with MDD according to DSM V (aged 18-60) will be recruited in Essen and Aachen. The control group will consist of 30 healthy age-and-sex-matched participants. Psychological testing will be administered and all participants will be randomized to either an active or a control training. During the next visit, resting state EEG and a GoNoGo Task with positive, neutral and negative pictures will be measured. The participants will take a tablet home to undergo 10 sessions of CBM within 14 days. The training will be consisted of a dot-probe-task. In the active condition the probe will be more likely to appear behind a positive versus a neutral picture, while appearing randomly in the control condition. After 14 days, a second EEG will be recorded.ResultsDifferences in duration and occurrence of microstate D between patients and healthy controls will be analyzed by conducting ANCOVAs with age and sex as covariates. ANCOVAs for repeated measurements will be calculated to study effects of time (pre- vs. post-training) and group (patients vs. healthy controls in active training; patients in active vs. patients in control-training), on duration and occurrence of microstate D.ConclusionsCBM-training is proposed to be an effective treatment option for MDD patients, reflected in a reduced topographical bias of microstate D in EEG.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Depression: Biological Non-Pharmacological Interventions. A Review.
Authors: Rodríguez Batista F. A. , Trufero Miguel S. , Bordón Guerra R. , Neyra del Rosario A. R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder stands as one of the most significant mental health issues in the general population. It impacts the patients’ quality of life and increases both morbidity and mortality. Response and tolerability to available pharmacological treatments are often inefficient, sometimes requiring extended periods to achieve acceptable remission through combinations or augmentations. Non-pharmacological approaches constitute an element in the therapeutic options for this mental disorder. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in non-pharmacological biological treatment interventions. Among the principal ones are Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), and Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS).ObjectivesThe aim of this paper is to review the current available literature to expand our knowledge about biological non-pharmacological treatment in depression, particularly ECT, TMS, DBS, and VNS.MethodsA qualitative review was conducted over the last 5 years, using the Medline database through PubMed. We selected studies in English or Spanish that met the objectives of the review, excluding references in other languages. The scientific evidence obtained was analyzed and synthesized.ResultsThere is growing evidence in this area. TMS, whose place in clinical guidelines remains unclear, is a less available treatment but might be considered in patients with moderate to severe depression who cannot receive pharmacological treatment. DBS, which shows good results in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, achieves response rates greater than 50%. VNS has accumulated studies since its approval for treatment-resistant depression, showing some latency of response but demonstrating improvement persistence for at least two years, although some studies have not clearly shown a benefit. We also found studies demonstrating the effectiveness and favorable cost-benefit balance of ECT.ConclusionsThis review highlights the importance of increasing knowledge in these types of treatments. They have shown significant progress in recent years. We have a better understanding and use of the technique of ECT, while newer options have gained evidence in effectiveness over these years, with improvements facilitating their use in patients with treatment-resistant depression.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Exploring the Digital Mental Health Literacy of the Tunisian population: A Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Chehaider O. , Lagha M. , Adouni A. , Ben Romdhane I. , Homri W. , Labbane R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn the digital age, the landscape of mental health information dissemination and consumption in Tunisia has experienced a profound transformation. As the digital revolution continues to reshape our lives, understanding how individuals seek and interact with mental health information online has become increasingly critical.ObjectivesThe primary objectives of this study are as follows:-To comprehensively investigate the digital mental health literacy of individuals in Tunisia by administering an insightful online questionnaire.-To delve into the multifaceted aspects of how Tunisians engage with mental health content on digital platforms, unveiling their comfort levels, preferences, and decision-making factors.
Methods
This study conducted an online survey comprising three sections. The first gathered demographic information to profile our diverse participants. The second explored internet usage patterns, unveiling their digital activities. The third delved into perceptions of mental health information on social media, revealing preferences. Our survey reached participants of various ages and locations in Tunisia.Results
The findings of this study cast a revealing spotlight on the digital mental health landscape in Tunisia. A significant proportion of our respondents frequently engaged with various social media platforms. Notably, Instagram emerged as the favored platform for 80% of our participants, while 72% chose Facebook as their preferred digital sanctuary. Intriguingly, 57% of our respondents actively embarked on quests for mental health information on YouTube, with a distinct preference for video-based content.
In the labyrinth of online mental health information, our participants exhibited a discerning eye. They assigned paramount importance to source credentials, references to reputable sources, and unwavering adherence to established medical guidelines. However, beneath this discernment, a noteworthy 65% harbored doubts regarding the accuracy of online information, reflecting the inherent challenges and complexities of navigating the digital information ecosystem.Furthermore, our study unearthed areas where social media platforms may still grapple with shortcomings in addressing the multifaceted needs of mental health consumers. Participants eloquently expressed concerns about the accuracy of information, the availability of reliable platforms, and the crucial need for a diverse array of perspectives in mental health content on social media.ConclusionsThis study offers key insights into Tunisia’s digital mental health landscape. It highlights prevalent digital information consumption and preferences. Emphasizing the need for credible and diverse mental health information on social media is vital. This sample lays the foundation for enhancing available content, better supporting mental well-being in Tunisia.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Schizophrenia and eating disorders: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics
Authors: Herelli E. , Lagha M. , Askri F. , Ben Romdhane I. , Wided H. , Labbane R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a common mental illness with a wide range of symptoms.Given the high metabolic comorbidity observed in schizophrenia and the metabolic side-effects induced by the antipsychotics used in practice, the detection of eating disorders is crucial.These disorders may occur at the same time as psychotic symptoms or independently of them.Objectiveswe aim to provide an overview of eating disorders in schizophrenia.Methods
We conducted a systematic search using the 2 bibliographic databases PubMed and Google scholar including the following keywords: “Schizophrenia”, “Eating disorders”, “Reward mechanisms”.Results
Eating disorders are a frequent comorbidity in schizophrenia.Authors have reported that some patients with schizophrenia have an increased appetite and craving for fatty foods, increased caloric intake and frequency of consumption, which may be associated with increased disinhibition.According to the literature, binge eating and night eating are frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia, with a prevalence of around 10%.Studies have shown that people suffering from psychosis and treated with antipsychotics have high rates of binge eating, ranging from 4.4% to 16% for binge eating and from 8.9% to 45% for binge eating symptoms (without reaching the diagnostic threshold for binge eating).Rates ranging from 16.1% to 64% for cravings were reported.Anorexia nervosa appears to affect between 1% and 4% of schizophrenic patients.Conclusions
Despite their frequent association with schizophrenia, eating disorders remain little studied. However, it is important to detect these disorders and elucidate the underlying psychopathological and neurobiological mechanisms in order to better manage metabolic comorbidity and improve patients’ quality of life.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Perceptions of Obesity in Old Age: A Qualitative Study
Authors: von Humboldt S. , Ilyas N. , Leal I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe relationship between obesity and mental health in old age is complex and widely impacted by different biological, psychological, and social factors.ObjectivesThe primary objectives of this qualitative research study are: a) To understand the influence of obesity on older adults’ well-being; b) to assess emotional experiences related to obesity in old age and; c) to explore how obesity influences the mental health of older adults.MethodsThis study included 346 participants aged 65 to 84 years (M=73.9; SD=5.61) from three different nationalities (English, Spanish, and Portuguese). All interviews went through content analysis.Results
This study identified four main themes regarding the influence of obesity on older adults’ well-being: (1) Insatisfaction with Body Image (66%); (2) Feeling embarrassed (65%); (3) Feeling Social Isolated (57%); and (4) Lost Opportunities (46%)Three main themes for emotional experiences were frequently verbalized by the participants: (1) Shame (81%); (2) Guilt (78%); and (2) Incompetence (76%). Finally, three main influences in mental health due to obesity were reported: (1) Self-concept (88%); (2) Stress (78%); and (3) Melancholia (63%).ConclusionsThese results highlighted that obesity negatively influences older adults’ well-being and emotional experiences and has serious mental health-related negative outcomes for older adults. Interventions like community-based weight loss programs can be effective in controlling weight and improving the social interaction of obese older adults.Keywords: Emotional experiences; mental health; obesity; older adults; well-being.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Orthorexia and perfectionism in medical students in Tunisia
Authors: Mellouli A. , Ellouze S. , Boussaid N. , Turki M. , Zribi A. , Halouani N. , Aloulou J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionOrthorexia is defined as a dependence on healthy food or an obsession to consume healthy food. One area deemed influential upon disordered eating and dietary intake is perfectionism.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between orthorexia and perfectionism in medical students.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study in the faculty of medicine of Sfax (Tunisia), between February and April 2023. A self-reported questionnaire was distributed to students via social media. We used ORTO-15 for the assessment of orthorexia, and the Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS) to assess perfectionism.ResultsThe research has enrolled 220 students. Their mean age was 21.40±1.68 years, with female predominance (70%). The ORTO-15 mean total score was 36.88±6.76. A total of 60% of participants had an orthorexic behavior. The BTPS mean total score was 45.52±12.45 with a mean score of 13.25±4.35 for rigid perfectionism, 18.31±6.37 for self-critical perfectionism, and 13.99±5.47 for narcissistic perfectionism.Students with orthorexic behavior had significantly higher scores of perfectionism (p= 0.048).ConclusionsOur study has drawn a significant association between orthorexia and perfectionism among medical students. This result suggests that students experiencing highly critical and judgemental beliefs associated with perfectionism are more susceptible to orthorexic eating behaviors.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared