bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of molybdenum on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Ti alloys
Authors: Lee Eung-Beom , Han Mi-Kyung , Kim Bong-Jun , Song Ho-Jun , Park Yeong-Joon 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In order to study the effect of Mo on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti), Ti-xMo (x = 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.%) alloys were investigated. The phase and microstructures were characterized using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that the Ti-5Mo alloy was mainly composed of α′ phase with a small fraction of α″ phase. The Ti-10Mo was dominated by orthorhombic α″. The Ti-15Mo alloy was mainly composed of α″ phase with a small fraction of β phase. The volume percentage of the β phase increased with increasing Mo content. The Ti-20Mo alloy was mainly composed of β phase. We also investigated the effect of alloying with Mo on the Vickers hardness and corrosion behavior of Ti-xMo alloys. The addition of Mo not only caused hardening of cp-Ti but also improved its oxidation protective ability. Electrochemical results showed that the Ti-xMo alloys exhibited improved corrosion resistance over cp-Ti.
Lüders effect in Al 99.7% extruded via the KoBo method
Authors: Brzostowicz Adelajda Weronika , Jaskowski Marcin , Bochniak Włodzimierz , Pieła Krzysztof , Brzostowicz Andrzej 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim was to determine the effect of extrusion process parameters of the KoBo method (initial billet temperature, extrusion rate and die oscillation frequency) on the Lüders phenomenon occurrence in aluminum wires.
The material used in the experiment was 99.7% pure Al billet. The extrusion was carried out with the following parameters: extrusion ratio λ = 100, initial billet temperature in the range of 293–493 K, extrusion rate of 0.1–0.5 mm · s−1 and frequencies of 3, 5 and 8 Hz (the die oscillation angle was a constant ± 8°). Output materials were mechanically tested and examined microscopically. Based on the results it was found that: the Lüders phenomenon in aluminum wires extruded by the KoBo method appears only i) in a specific range of the extrusion force, namely 450–650 kN, ii) a specific range of, yielding strength (100–140 MPa), iii) dependent on the combination of process parameters its extent and position can vary over a product's length, iv) tests have also shown that this phenomenon has a continuous propagation nature only at the initial stage of the tensile test.
Effects of copper content and liquid separation on the microstructure formation of Co–Cu immiscible alloys
Authors: Yang Wei , Zhang Yan Long , He Wen , Xu Zhi Feng 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Applying a melt-fluxing method combined with cyclical superheating, rapid solidification of undercooled Co70Cu30, Co50Cu50 and Co30Cu70 melts was performed to investigate the effects of alloy composition and immiscibility on the resultant non-equilibrium solidification microstructure. As for the samples without liquid separation, grain refinement of primary α-Co dendrite occurs clearly with increases in both copper content and initial undercooling. In contrast, the influence of alloy composition on microstructure evolution is weakened due to the occurrence of liquid separation at larger undercooling, where slight variations in the solute concentration and micro-hardness for Co-rich phase are obtained. After a quantitative thermodynamic calculation, the process of liquid separation is described, which gives an excellent explanation for the observed experimental results.
Constraining past accumulation in the central Pine Island Glacier basin, West Antarctica, using radio-echo sounding
Authors: Karlsson Nanna B. , Bingham Robert G. , Rippin David M. , Hindmarsh Richard C.A. , Corr Hugh F.J. , Vaughan David G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe potential for future dynamical instability of Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, has been addressed in a number of studies, but information on its past remains limited. In this study we use airborne radio-echo sounding (RES) data acquired over Pine Island Glacier to investigate past variations in accumulation pattern. In the dataset a distinctive pattern of layers was identified in the central part of the glacier basin. We use these layers as chronological identifiers in order to construct elevation maps of the internal stratigraphy. The observed internal layer stratigraphy is then compared to calculated stratigraphy from a three-dimensional ice-flow model that has been forced with different accumulation scenarios. The model results indicate that the accumulation pattern is likely to have changed at least twice since the deposition of the deepest identified layer. Additional RES data linked to the Byrd ice core provide an approximate timescale. This timescale suggests that the layers were deposited at the beginning of or during the Holocene period. Thus the widespread changes occurring in the coastal extent of the West Antarctic ice sheet at the end of the last glacial period could have been accompanied by changes in accumulation pattern.
A Population-based Study Showing Better Renal Prognosis for Proteinase 3 Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)–associated Nephritis Versus Myeloperoxidase ANCA–associated Nephritis
Authors: Mohammad Aladdin J. , Segelmark Mårten 
Published: June 2014

Objective.Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) is usually differentiated based on clinical phenotypes, but recent data indicate that myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAV is genetically distinct from proteinase 3 (PR3)-AAV. We reviewed a population-based cohort of AAV, focusing on differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics and to compare renal outcome between MPO-ANCA and PR3-ANCA nephritis.Methods.All new cases of AAV diagnosed between 1997 and 2009 in a geographically defined area in southern Sweden were retrieved using a validated search algorithm. Data were collected from time of diagnosis and end of followup. Renal and patient survival were analyzed according to ANCA serotype.Results.During the study period, 201 patients were diagnosed with AAV, 98 tested positive for PR3-ANCA, and 85 for MPO-ANCA. Patients with PR3-ANCA were younger, had significantly higher inflammatory activity, and had a larger number of organs involved at diagnosis, but nephritis was more prevalent among patients with MPO-associated (72/85; 85%) versus PR3-associated disease (67/98, 68%). When comparing only patients with ANCA-associated nephritis, those with MPO-ANCA were more likely to develop endstage renal disease (n = 27, 38%) than those with PR3-ANCA (n = 10, 15%), p = 0.003. The risk remained significantly elevated after adjusting for sex, age, and s-creatinine level at diagnosis (HR 2.64; 95% CI 1.25–5.58; p = 0.003). There were no significant differences in mortality rates between the 2 groups.Conclusion.The outcome in this population-based cohort indicates that among AAV patients with nephritis, renal prognosis is better in the PR3-ANCA group, even after adjustment for sex, age, and renal function at diagnosis.
Risk Factors for Drug-resistant Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Barrera-Vargas Ana , Gómez-Martín Diana , Merayo-Chalico Javier , Ponce-de-León Alfredo , Alcocer-Varela Jorge 
Published: June 2014

Objective.To identify risk factors for developing drug-resistant bacterial infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods.A retrospective, case-control study was performed. Patients fulfilled American College of Rheumatology criteria for SLE and had an episode of bloodstream infection between 2001 and 2012. Cases were defined as those with bloodstream infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or extended-spectrum-β-lactalamase-producing Escherichia coli); while controls had susceptible strains of S. aureus or E. coli. Differences between groups were analyzed by Student t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Association between variables was assessed by OR (CI 95%). Multivariate analysis was performed by binary logistic regression model.Results.Forty-four patients were included in each group. Variables associated with drug-resistant bloodstream infection were history of central nervous system activity; hematological activity, immunosuppressive treatment and prednisone dose at the time of the infection; and low C3 levels, antibiotic use, or hospitalization in the previous 3 months. In multivariate analysis, variables that remained significant were low C3 previous to infection (OR 3.12, CI 95% 1.91–8.22), previous hospitalization (OR 2.22, CI 95% 1.42–4.10), and prednisone dose at the time of infection (OR 1.10, CI 95% 1.04–1.22).Conclusion.Low C3 levels, recent hospitalization, and prednisone dose at time of infection are independent risk factors for acquiring drug-resistant bacteria in patients with SLE. Although the present data do not fully support a change in initial treatment-decision strategies, this information could lead to prospective studies designed to address this issue, which could determine the best approach in clinical practice.
A Metaanalysis of the Increased Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis-related Pulmonary Disease as a Result of Serum Anticitrullinated Protein Antibody Positivity
Authors: Zhu Junqing , Zhou Yi , Chen Xiaoguang , Li Juan 
Published: June 2014

Objective.An inconsistent association has been reported between the serum anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) level and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related pulmonary disease risk. We conducted a metaanalysis to reveal the association between them.Methods.An electronic search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases for studies published up to August 2013. The distributions of the serum ACPA level in cases and controls were obtained from eligible studies. The risk of RA-related pulmonary disease associated with serum ACPA positivity was estimated by OR and 95% CI. According to the heterogeneity results, a fixed-effects model or a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled OR. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses were conducted.Results.Overall, 243 patients with RA-related pulmonary disease and 1442 RA controls were included in the metaanalysis. The results showed that the pooled OR was 2.621 (95% CI, 1.561–4.403, p < 0.001) for the increased risk of RA-related pulmonary disease due to the serum ACPA positivity. In the white population subgroup, an increased OR was 3.453 (95% CI 1.798–6.630, p < 0.001), whereas no association was found in the Asian population subgroup. Additionally, we further revealed that serum ACPA positivity indicated a higher risk for interstitial lung disease (ILD) and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) among patients with RA (OR 4.679, 95% CI 2.071–10.572, p < 0.001). The heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses had no statistical significance in any group.Conclusion.To our knowledge, this is the first metaanalysis to reveal that serum ACPA positivity is highly associated with the risk of RA-related pulmonary disease, particularly in RA-related ILD and IPF.
Review of the New World species ofOxytorus(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Oxytorinae), with description of two new species from Brazil
Authors: Bordera Santiago , González-Moreno Alejandra 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe New World fauna of the genusOxytorusFörster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) comprises 11 species, two of them,O. bahiensisnew speciesandO. sinopaenew species, both from eastern Brazil, are described as new. New data about distribution and variation of several species are reported.Oxytorus peruvianusAlvarado, Bordera, and Rodríguez-Berrío, 2011 is reported for the first time from Brazil and Ecuador, andO. alfrediGauld and Mallet, 2000 from Guatemala, Mexico, and Trinidad and Tobago. An illustrated key to the New World species ofOxytorusis provided.
Formulating Guidance on Hydrotesting Deepwater Oil and Gas Pipelines
Authors: Kopp Frans , Ayers Ray R. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
As pipelines are being constructed for ever-deeper water depths, environments are encountered that significantly alter the way pipelines are designed and hydrotested. This paper describes industry-based BASM (best available and safest methodology) guidance to BSEE pertaining to certain alternate procedures and equipment requests from the regulations. These new guideline recommendations pertain specifically to hydrotesting of deepwater pipeline system tiebacks from subsea wells to surface-based floating production systems and deepwater export pipeline and riser systems to downstream facilities under DOI jurisdiction.
This effort was designed to closely involve experts from the Oil and Gas Industry in the development of these Hydrotest Guidelines. The project team conducted two broad-based industry workshops for oil companies, suppliers, and BSEE. The primary objective was to discuss with key industry stakeholders the pros and cons of regulations currently in place, and collect industry advice on currently used and/or recommended deepwater pipeline/riser hydrotesting practices. The resulting guidelines described here were written by a small team of industry-based members, rather than a single individual or organization.
One overriding conclusion from the work is that Alternate Compliance with the requirements for hydrostatic testing as per 30 CFR 250 Paragraph 250.1003(b)(1) should consider using API RP 1111 to define the minimum and actual test pressures at each depth-related location in the pipeline and riser. Additional conclusions were developed and are provided in the paper.
As water depths of new production increase to 10, 000 feet and beyond, both industry and BSEE recognize that current BSEE design and hydrotest requirements as specified in 30CFR 250.1003(b)(1) and BSEE NTL 2009-G28, Pipeline Design, and differences between hydrotesting at the surface vs. at the mudline, and pipeline product fluid pressure gradient must be reconsidered and reformulated because they impact hydrotest methodology.
Qualification of Unbonded Flexible Pipe to API and DNV Standards
Authors: Kalman Mark , Yu Liang , Durr Casey , Suarez Jorge 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a process employed to qualify new technology in unbonded flexible pipe in accordance with API Specification 17J, API Recommended Practice 17B, DNV-OS-C501 and DNV-RP-A203. The relevance of each standard in qualifying new pipe layers, pipe structures, and end fitting designs are addressed. New pipe layers include both glass and carbon fiber reinforcement for the pressure armor and tensile armor, and new pipe structures are unbonded flexible pipes that include all composite and hybrid composite/metallic structural layers. The paper focuses on the implementation of DNV-RP-A203 in the qualification process, including the qualification basis, technology assessment, threat assessment, development and execution of the qualification plan with tests based on API 17J and 17B, and the performance assessment.
High Resolution Imaging Using Sea Surface Related Multiples
Authors: Lu Shaoping , Whitmore Dan , Kinkead Jack , Valenciano Alejandro , Martinez Ruben 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In marine oil and gas exploration of seismic data acquisition, both primary and multiple reflections are recorded at the streamers. In seismic data processing, primaries are usually used as signal to image the subsurface; multiples are regarded as noise to be removed (SRME) (Verschuur, 1991). Multiples can also be treated as useful information to image the earth. The idea of using sea surface related multiples as valuable information for depth migration has been discussed by Berkhout and Verschuur (1994), Guitton (2002) and Whitmore et al. (2010). Lu et al. (2011) presents the first 3D example of imaging sea surface related multiples using towed streamer acquisition geometry.
Conventional shot domain migration constructs a subsurface image by combining the forward extrapolated down-going wavefield from a source location and reverse extrapolated up-going wavefield originating at the surface receiver positions. Similarly, sea surface related multiples can also be used for imaging the subsurface where the boundary data for the down-going and up-going wavefields are generated at the receiver locations via up-down wavefield separation. After up-down separation, the down-going and up-going wavefields act as the source and receiver surface wavefields and exist at the receiver positions.
Compared to primaries imaging, multiples imaging can help to enhance subsurface illumination in depth migration; because the source wavefield (down-going wavefield) of multiples imaging is more broadly distributed than the source wavefield of primaries imaging. More significantly, multiples imaging improves angular illumination by using additional source wavefield coverage.
In this paper, 3D field data examples are used to compare imaging of primaries and imaging of multiples. A shallow water field data example shows the successful application of the technology to mitigate the acquisition footprint and generate very high resolution images. A deep water field data example demonstrates the opportunity of the technology to improving subsurface illumination and angular illumination when applied to wide azimuth acquisition. By enhancing subsurface illumination in depth migration, the technology has the potential of improving quality of subsurface reservoir characterization and reducing drilling hazard risks.
Importance of early and deeper responses to long-term survival in CML patients: Implications of BCR-ABL testing in management of CML in Indian setting
Authors: Agarwal Mohan B. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has changed radically since the advent of imatinib mesylate, a selective inhibitor of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Shortly thereafter, more potent BCR-ABL inhibitors (dasatinib and nilotinib) were introduced for use in patients resistant to or intolerant of imatinib. All three drugs are now approved for initial therapy for chronic phase CML. Response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment is assessed with standardized quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (Q-RTPCR) and/or cytogenetics at 3, 6 and 12 months. Clinical trials have clearly demonstrated that early and deeper cytogenetic and molecular response to TKI therapy is associated with lower rate of disease progression and improved long-term outcomes. In recent times, molecular response as determined by BCR-ABL transcript levels at defined time points is rapidly gaining popularity as a predictive marker for subsequent outcomes in CML. Optimal response is defined as BCR-ABL transcript levels of ≤10% at 3 months, <1% at 6 months, and ≤0.1% from 12 months onward while >10% at 6 months and >1% from 12 months onward define failure. Patients who do not achieve molecular milestones at 3 or 6 months with 3 months being highly predictive are less likely to achieve cytogenetic responses eventually; early identification of such patients who have a low probability of achieving an adequate response are thus candidates for alternative treatment. Review of literature by electronic search of MEDline, Google Scholar was done using keywords and data was identified and systematically evaluated.
Pattern of computed tomography scan findings in children with Wilms’ tumor in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Olukayode A Olukayode , Richard I , Rachael A Rachael , Babajide O Ireti , Ireti O Gbolahan , Gbolahan O 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Context: Abnormal abdominal distension in a child is usually a source of great concern and apprehension in both the parents and the pediatric surgeon. Although Wilms′ tumor is the most common malignant abdominal childhood tumor, usually causing abdominal distension, many other less common causes can also result in abdominal distension. Therefore, early diagnosis of Wilms′ tumor and distinguishing it from all these other causes is essential. Aims: We intend to document the pattern of computed tomography (CT) scan findings in patients with Wilms′ tumor and the peculiarity of its radiological presentation in this environment, highlighting its accuracy and advantages over other imaging modalities. Settings and Design: This is a prospective descriptive study conducted between January, 2011 to January 2012, where all infants, 6-96 months of age, who were suspected to have Wilms′ tumor were made to undergo CT scan examination as part of their management work-up. It was carried out in a teaching hospital. Subjects and Methods: The study performed on 12 children age range of 6-96 months old underwent abdominal CT scans as part of their clinical work-up using a GE Hi-speed dual CT scanner ® . Pre- and post-contrast images were acquired and assessed by the radiologists. They were operated and their radiological and histopathology results were correlated. Statistical Analysis: All data was entered into a Microsoft word excel spread sheet and analyzed by simple analysis. Percentages and proportions were determined for categorical variables. Results: Of the 12 patients seen, nearly 75% were males, with a male to female ratio of 3:1 and an average age of 37 months. The right sided tumors were slightly more than the left and nearly 25% were bilateral. Approximately 17% showed punctuate calcifications. Heterogeneous contrast enhancement was seen in all the cases, vascular encasement in three and lymphadenopathy in six cases. There was no bony involvement in any of them but 75% of the masses seen, crossed the midline. Histological confirmation of Wilms′ tumor was obtained in all cases. Conclusions: Majority of the tumors seen in this study crossed the midline and a few of them showed calcification. CT scan is relevant and accurate in investigating children with Wilms′ tumor as it reveals concomitant lesions with involvement of the abdominal vessels and lymph nodes.
Carcinomatous meningitis in non-small cell lung cancer: Palliation with intrathecal treatment
Authors: Kumar D. Santhosh , Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Jain Hasmukh , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: June 2014

AbstractCarcinomatous meningitis or meningeal carcinomatosis is seen in up to 5% of patients of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. However, isolated carcinomatous meningitis without brain parenchymal metastasis is less common. Patients with carcinomatous meningitis have limited treatment options. However, intrathecal therapy if used optimally along with targeted therapy when indicated result in good palliation with improvement in survival.
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma with lactic acidosis at presentation: A case report of a rare oncologic emergency
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Raina Vinod 
Published: June 2014

AbstractLactic acidosis (LA) has been reported to be associated with high grade lymphoma as a terminal event. Its causes are multi-factorial. It can either occur due to overproduction of lactic acid by rapidly dividing tumor or due to its underutilization due to involvement of liver by lymphomatous deposits. The prognosis of lymphoma associated with LA is dismal. We present a patient of non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) who presented with LA, after an initial response succumbed.
Primary anaplastic astrocytoma of the brain after prophylactic cranial irradiation in a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Krishnamurthy Sapna , Kakkar Aanchal , Julka Pramod Kumar , Rath Goura Kishor 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA 6½-year-old boy had developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia and was treated with systemic chemotherapy, intrathecal triple drug regimen and prophylactic cranial irradiation. After 10 years he developed anaplastic astrocytoma of the postero-superior cerebellum on the left side while leukemia was in remission. He was treated with surgical excision, followed by adjuvant three dimensional conformal radiotherapy and is on salvage chemotherapy with temozolamide. It is possible that the anaplastic astrocytoma may be a radiation induced malignancy.