bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evacuation of Intensive Care Units During Disaster: Learning From the Hurricane Sandy Experience
Authors: King Mary A. , Dorfman Molly V. , Einav Sharon , Niven Alex S. , Kissoon Niranjan , Grissom Colin K. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveData on best practices for evacuating an intensive care unit (ICU) during a disaster are limited. The impact of Hurricane Sandy on New York City area hospitals provided a unique opportunity to learn from the experience of ICU providers about their preparedness, perspective, roles, and activities.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of nurses, respiratory therapists, and physicians who played direct roles during the Hurricane Sandy ICU evacuations.ResultsSixty-eight health care professionals from 4 evacuating hospitals completed surveys (35% ICU nurses, 21% respiratory therapists, 25% physicians-in-training, and 13% attending physicians). Only 21% had participated in an ICU evacuation drill in the past 2 years and 28% had prior training or real-life experience. Processes were inconsistent for patient prioritization, tracking, transport medications, and transport care. Respondents identified communication (43%) as the key barrier to effective evacuation. The equipment considered most helpful included flashlights (24%), transport sleds (21%), and oxygen tanks and respiratory therapy supplies (19%). An evacuation wish list included walkie-talkies/phones (26%), lighting/electricity (18%), flashlights (10%), and portable ventilators and suction (16%).ConclusionsICU providers who evacuated critically ill patients during Hurricane Sandy had little prior knowledge of evacuation processes or vertical evacuation experience. The weakest links in the patient evacuation process were communication and the availability of practical tools. Incorporating ICU providers into hospital evacuation planning and training, developing standard evacuation communication processes and tools, and collecting a uniform dataset among all evacuating hospitals could better inform critical care evacuation in the future. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:20–27)
Randomized Controlled Trial to Determine the Impact of Probiotic Administration on Colonization With Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Kwon Jennie H. , Bommarito Kerry M. , Reske Kimberly A. , Seiler Sondra M. , Hink Tiffany , Babcock Hilary M. , Kollef Marin H. , Fraser Victoria J. , Burnham Carey-Ann D. , Dubberke Erik R. 
Published: August 2015

This was a randomized controlled pilot study of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG versus standard of care to prevent gastrointestinal multidrug-resistant organism colonization in intensive care unit patients. Among 70 subjects, there were no significant differences in acquisition or loss of any multidrug-resistant organisms (P>.05) and no probiotic-associated adverse events.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(12):1451–1454
Comparison of Environmental MRSA Levels on High-Touch Surfaces in Contact Isolation and Noncontact Isolation Patient Rooms
Authors: Villamaria Frank C. , Berlanga Gemma , Liao I-Chia , Ganachari-Mallappa Nagaraja , Stock Eileen M. , Zeber John E. , Jinadatha Chetan 
Published: August 2015

Environmental samples were collected from 100 hospital rooms, 32 noncontact rooms, and 68 contact isolation rooms. We isolated 202 and 1,830 MRSA colonies in noncontact and contact isolation rooms, respectively. The study identified MRSA isolates in hospital rooms of patients without colonization or infection with MRSA.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(12):1472–1475
3D subsurface modelling reveals the shallow geology of Amsterdam
Authors: Schokker J. , Bakker M.A.J. , Dubelaar C.W. , Dambrink R.M. , Harting R. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAmsterdam is situated on the coastal-deltaic plain of the western Netherlands. Its geographical position brought the city prosperity, but also created huge challenges associated with heterogeneous and often adverse ground conditions. This paper explores the geology of Amsterdam to a depth of c. 100 m, based on the output of the 3D geological subsurface models DGM and GeoTOP. The model results are used to create a geological map of the area, to determine the extent and depth of the foundation levels that are in use for buildings in the city centre and to detect the source of filling sand on which part of the more recent expansion of the city was founded. It is shown that subsurface conditions have had a profound effect on both landscape development and historical city growth. Geomodels like DGM and GeoTOP provide an easily accessible way to obtain a better understanding of the shallow subsurface.
Agronomic and physiological responses of Chinese facultative wheat genotypes to high-yielding Mediterranean conditions
Authors: ZHOU B. , ELAZAB A. , BORT J. , SANZ-SÁEZ Á. , NIETO-TALADRIZ M. T. , SERRET M. D. , ARAUS J. L. 
Published: August 2015

SUMMARYNine wheat genotypes, bred for the high-input agronomical conditions of Henan Province (China), were tested under the high-yielding Mediterranean conditions of Spain. Two cultivars widely grown in the zone were included as controls. Crop growth and leaf chlorophyll (Chl) content, leaf stomatal conductance (gs) and canopy temperature (CT) were measured during the crop cycle and stable carbon (C), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) isotope compositions (δ13C,δ18O andδ15N) were analysed on different plant parts. The lower yield of the Chinese genotypes compared with the controls was due to fewer grains/unit area, associated with lower tillering and a plant height clearly below the optimal range. Moreover, Chinese wheat exhibited a lower spike fertility index than the controls, and this was associated with a less compact spike structure. The physiological characteristics that were related to better performance under high-yielding Mediterranean conditions consisted of a higher green aerial biomass, particularly during the reproductive stage, together with more favourable water conditions (highergsand lower CT andδ13C), the capacity to take up water during grain fill (higherδ18O) and a more efficient uptake (lowerδ15N) and utilization (lower leaf N and Chl content) of N fertilizer. It is concluded that Chinese genotypes exhibited a low acclimation capacity to the moderate stress typical of the high-yielding Mediterranean conditions.
COMMON LANDS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SPAIN
Authors: Beltrán Tapia Francisco J. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTThe impact of the privatisation of the commons remains a contested topic throughout the social sciences. Focusing on the Spanish case, this article reviews the literature and provides an overall assessment of this historical process based on recent research. Common lands appear to have been reasonably well managed and their dismantling did not foster agricultural productivity. Instead, the privatisation process negatively affected the economic situation of a large proportion of rural households and local councils, as well as deteriorating the stock of social capital. Therefore, the long-standing belief in the existence of a trade-off between equity and efficiency actually turns out to be misleading.
Seed afterripening and germination photoinhibition in the genusCrocus(Iridaceae)
Authors: Skourti Evangelia , Thanos Costas A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMediterranean characteristics are attributed to the genusCrocus, which is inadequately studied in terms of seed germination. An afterripening requirement is very common in environments with warm and dry periods, and photoinhibition has been detected in many angiosperms inhabiting dry and open areas. The effects of afterripening and light on seed germination were investigated for the first time in 23 native GreekCrocustaxa, collected from various localities with either a Mediterranean or a temperate climate. Germination experiments were conducted in continuous darkness and in light at the optimal temperature for each taxon, with both freshly collected and afterripened seeds; warm stratification (20°C, darkness) was also examined in 22 taxa. A number of selected taxa were additionally investigated with respect to afterripening outdoors, afterripening and warm stratification at higher temperatures (35 and 25°C, respectively), stratification at 20/10°C, dry storage at low temperatures, response to gibberellic acid and phenology of embryo growth. It was postulated that an afterripening requirement is a characteristic of the genusCrocus, and we found that it can be fulfilled in nature during the Mediterranean dry summer. Also, for the vast majority of the taxa, warm stratification and stratification at 20/10°C can both meet the afterripening requirement. Embryos of the taxa studied are underdeveloped and have to grow prior to germination. Intrageneric differences of seed germination were observed only towards light, with photoinhibition being predominant in taxa from drier environments.
Thus Spoke the Early Modernist:Zarathustraand Rotational Form in Webern's String Quartet (1905)
Authors: WEDLER SEBASTIAN 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe large-scale structure of Anton Webern's String Quartet (1905) is an ongoing conundrum in music scholarship. Initially inspired by Giovanni Segantini'sTrittico della natura, the quartet has been interpreted by most commentators in terms of a tripartite episodic form. Through the lens of rotational theory, this article puts forward an understanding of the quartet that interprets it in dialogue with the sonata paradigm. Based on this reading, it will be argued that the quartet bears strong links to the early modernist discourse on musical form. This perspective will be further explored, with reference to Webern's manuscripts and sketches, in the way the quartet engages with theZarathustratrope. In casting the quartet in this light, this article challenges the common historiographical interpretation that sees it merely as a precursor to the high modernism of Webern's later development.
Homework in therapy: a case of it ain't what you do, it's the way that you do it?
Authors: Harris Duncan L. , Hiskey Syd 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIt is argued, illustrated by a case example, that homework quality and end of therapy outcomes can be positively affected when ideas of compassion and attention to individual frames of reference are considered. It is suggested that by exploring the affect experienced when completing tasks and being mindful of client learning (i.e. the zone of proximal development), engagement and emotional connection with homework increase.
Coupling of lysosomal and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization in trypanolysis by APOL1
Authors: Vanwalleghem Gilles , Fontaine Frédéric , Lecordier Laurence , Tebabi Patricia , Klewe Kristoffer , Nolan Derek P. , Yamaryo-Botté Yoshiki , Botté Cyrille , Kremer Anneke , Burkard Gabriela Schumann , Rassow Joachim , Roditi Isabel , Pérez-Morga David , Pays Etienne 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHumans resist infection by the African parasite Trypanosoma brucei owing to the trypanolytic activity of the serum apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1). Following uptake by endocytosis in the parasite, APOL1 forms pores in endolysosomal membranes and triggers lysosome swelling. Here we show that APOL1 induces both lysosomal and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (LMP and MMP). Trypanolysis coincides with MMP and consecutive release of the mitochondrial TbEndoG endonuclease to the nucleus. APOL1 is associated with the kinesin TbKIFC1, of which both the motor and vesicular trafficking VHS domains are required for MMP, but not for LMP. The presence of APOL1 in the mitochondrion is accompanied by mitochondrial membrane fenestration, which can be mimicked by knockdown of a mitochondrial mitofusin-like protein (TbMFNL). The BH3-like peptide of APOL1 is required for LMP, MMP and trypanolysis. Thus, trypanolysis by APOL1 is linked to apoptosis-like MMP occurring together with TbKIFC1-mediated transport of APOL1 from endolysosomal membranes to the mitochondrion.
Chamber identity programs drive early functional partitioning of the heart
Authors: Mosimann Christian , Panáková Daniela , Werdich Andreas A. , Musso Gabriel , Burger Alexa , Lawson Katy L. , Carr Logan A. , Nevis Kathleen R. , Sabeh M. Khaled , Zhou Yi , Davidson Alan J. , DiBiase Anthony , Burns Caroline E. , Burns C. Geoffrey , MacRae Calum A. , Zon Leonard I. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe vertebrate heart muscle (myocardium) develops from the first heart field (FHF) and expands by adding second heart field (SHF) cells. While both lineages exist already in teleosts, the primordial contributions of FHF and SHF to heart structure and function remain incompletely understood. Here we delineate the functional contribution of the FHF and SHF to the zebrafish heart using the cis-regulatory elements of the draculin (drl) gene. The drl reporters initially delineate the lateral plate mesoderm, including heart progenitors. Subsequent myocardial drl reporter expression restricts to FHF descendants. We harnessed this unique feature to uncover that loss of tbx5a and pitx2 affect relative FHF versus SHF contributions to the heart. High-resolution physiology reveals distinctive electrical properties of each heart field territory that define a functional boundary within the single zebrafish ventricle. Our data establish that the transcriptional program driving cardiac septation regulates physiologic ventricle partitioning, which successively provides mechanical advantages of sequential contraction.
Controllable high-throughput high-quality femtosecond laser-enhanced chemical etching by temporal pulse shaping based on electron density control
Authors: Zhao Mengjiao , Hu Jie , Jiang Lan , Zhang Kaihu , Liu Pengjun , Lu Yongfeng 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe developed an efficient fabrication method of high-quality concave microarrays on fused silica substrates based on temporal shaping of femtosecond (fs) laser pulses. This method involves exposures of fs laser pulse trains followed by a wet etching process. Compared with conventional single pulses with the same processing parameters, the temporally shaped fs pulses can enhance the etch rate by a factor of 37 times with better controllability and higher quality. Moreover, we demonstrated the flexibility of the proposed method in tuning the profile of the concave microarray structures by changing the laser pulse delay, laser fluence and pulse energy distribution ratio. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was conducted to elucidate the stronger modification induced by the fs laser pulse trains in comparison with the single pulses. Our calculations show that the controllability is due to the effective control of localized transient free electron densities by temporally shaping the fs pulses.
Network fingerprint: a knowledge-based characterization of biomedical networks
Authors: Cui Xiuliang , He Haochen , He Fuchu , Wang Shengqi , Li Fei , Bo Xiaochen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIt can be difficult for biomedical researchers to understand complex molecular networks due to their unfamiliarity with the mathematical concepts employed. To represent molecular networks with clear meanings and familiar forms for biomedical researchers, we introduce a knowledge-based computational framework to decipher biomedical networks by making systematic comparisons to well-studied “basic networks”. A biomedical network is characterized as a spectrum-like vector called “network fingerprint”, which contains similarities to basic networks. This knowledge-based multidimensional characterization provides a more intuitive way to decipher molecular networks, especially for large-scale network comparisons and clustering analyses. As an example, we extracted network fingerprints of 44 disease networks in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. The comparisons among the network fingerprints of disease networks revealed informative disease-disease and disease-signaling pathway associations, illustrating that the network fingerprinting framework will lead to new approaches for better understanding of biomedical networks.
Transposase interaction with the β sliding clamp: effects on insertion sequence proliferation and transposition rate
Authors: Díaz-Maldonado Héctor , Gómez Manuel J. , Moreno-Paz Mercedes , San Martín-Úriz Patxi , Amils Ricardo , Parro Víctor , López de Saro Francisco J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInsertion sequences (ISs) are ubiquitous and abundant mobile genetic elements in prokaryotic genomes. ISs often encode only one protein, the transposase, which catalyzes their transposition. Recent studies have shown that transposases of many different IS families interact with the β sliding clamp, a DNA replication factor of the host. However, it was unclear to what extent this interaction limits or favors the ability of ISs to colonize a chromosome from a phylogenetically-distant organism, or if the strength of this interaction affects the transposition rate. Here we describe the proliferation of a member of the IS1634 family in Acidiphilium over ~600 generations of cultured growth. We demonstrate that the purified transposase binds to the β sliding clamp of Acidiphilium, Leptospirillum and E. coli. Further, we also demonstrate that the Acidiphilium IS1634 transposase binds to the archaeal sliding clamp (PCNA) from Methanosarcina and that the transposase encoded by Methanosarcina IS1634 binds to Acidiphilium β. Finally, we demonstrate that increasing the strength of the interaction between β and transposase results in a higher transposition rate in vivo. Our results suggest that the interaction could determine the potential of ISs to be mobilized in bacterial populations and also their ability to proliferate within chromosomes.
Influences of large sets of environmental exposures on immune responses in healthy adult men
Authors: Yi Buqing , Rykova Marina , Jäger Gundula , Feuerecker Matthias , Hörl Marion , Matzel Sandra , Ponomarev Sergey , Vassilieva Galina , Nichiporuk Igor , Choukèr Alexander 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEnvironmental factors have long been known to influence immune responses. In particular, clinical studies about the association between migration and increased risk of atopy/asthma have provided important information on the role of migration associated large sets of environmental exposures in the development of allergic diseases. However, investigations about environmental effects on immune responses are mostly limited in candidate environmental exposures, such as air pollution. The influences of large sets of environmental exposures on immune responses are still largely unknown. A simulated 520-d Mars mission provided an opportunity to investigate this topic. Six healthy males lived in a closed habitat simulating a spacecraft for 520 days. When they exited their “spacecraft” after the mission, the scenario was similar to that of migration, involving exposure to a new set of environmental pollutants and allergens. We measured multiple immune parameters with blood samples at chosen time points after the mission. At the early adaptation stage, highly enhanced cytokine responses were observed upon ex vivo antigen stimulations. For cell population frequencies, we found the subjects displayed increased neutrophils. These results may presumably represent the immune changes occurred in healthy humans when migrating, indicating that large sets of environmental exposures may trigger aberrant immune activity.
Role of mouse Wdr13 in placental growth; a genetic evidence for lifetime body weight determination by placenta during development
Authors: Singh Vijay Pratap , Alex Jomini Liza , Lakshmi B. Jyothi , Sailasree S Purnima , Raj T. Avinash , Kumar Satish 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPlacental development is essential for implantation and growth of foetus in the uterus of eutherian mammals. Numerous growth factors are responsible for placental development and cell lineage differentiation. Gene knockout mice have shown role of various genes in the placenta. Here using Wdr13 knockout mice, we show that this gene is important for proper placental development. Wdr13, a X-linked gene, expresses in multiple trophoblast cell types of placenta and the mutant placenta had reduced size after 17.5 dpc due to reduction of junctional zone (JZ) and labyrinth zone (LZ). We observed reduction in levels of angiopoietin-2 and cd44 mRNA in Wdr13 mutant placenta as compared to that in the wild type. Our findings show that Wdr13 is required for normal placental development and cell differentiation. Wdr13 heterozygous female placenta when the mutant allele was of maternal origin showed similar defects as those in case of Wdr13 null placenta. Using two types of heterozygous females carrying either maternally and paternally derived mutant Wdr13 allele we provide genetic evidence that development of placenta determines body weight of mice for the entire life.
Protein retention on plasma-treated hierarchical nanoscale gold-silver platform
Authors: Fang Jinghua , Levchenko Igor , Mai-Prochnow Anne , Keidar Michael , Cvelbar Uros , Filipic Gregor , Han Zhao Jun , Ostrikov Kostya 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDense arrays of gold-supported silver nanowires of about 100 nm in diameter grown directly in the channels of nanoporous aluminium oxide membrane were fabricated and tested as a novel platform for the immobilization and retention of BSA proteins in the microbial-protective environments. Additional treatment of the silver nanowires using low-temperature plasmas in the inductively-coupled plasma reactor and an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet have demonstrated that the morphology of the nanowire array can be controlled and the amount of the retained protein may be increased due to the plasma effect. A combination of the neutral gold sublayer with the antimicrobial properties of silver nanowires could significantly enhance the efficiency of the platforms used in various biotechnological processes.
Sandcastle: software for revealing latent information in multiple experimental ChIP-chip datasets via a novel normalisation procedure
Authors: Bennett Mark , Evans Katie Ellen , Yu Shirong , Teng Yumin , Webster Richard M. , Powell James , Waters Raymond , Reed Simon H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractChIP-chip is a microarray based technology for determining the genomic locations of chromatin bound factors of interest, such as proteins. Standard ChIP-chip analyses employ peak detection methodologies to generate lists of genomic binding sites. No previously published method exists to enable comparative analyses of enrichment levels derived from datasets examining different experimental conditions. This restricts the use of the technology to binary comparisons of presence or absence of features between datasets. Here we present the R package Sandcastle — Software for the Analysis and Normalisation of Data from ChIP-chip AssayS of Two or more Linked Experiments — which allows for comparative analyses of data from multiple experiments by normalising all datasets to a common background. Relative changes in binding levels between experimental datasets can thus be determined, enabling the extraction of latent information from ChIP-chip experiments. Novel enrichment detection and peak calling algorithms are also presented, with a range of graphical tools, which facilitate these analyses. The software and documentation are available for download from http://reedlab.cardiff.ac.uk/sandcastle.