bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piezography: An Innovative Technique in Complete Denture Fabrication
Authors: Ghosh Soumitra , Bhattacharyya Jayanta , Goel Preeti , Das Samiran 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTIncreasing life expectancy, age-related reduction in adaptability and progressive severe mandibular resorption, all add to the difficulty in achieving prosthetic success. The conventional mandibular denture is usually less retentive than the maxillary one and successful treatment involves the development of lingual retention for the mandibular denture. Several methods taking into account physiologic function with an objective to enhance denture retention and comfort during mastication have been developed since many decades. The present article describes piezography as a method to enhance retention, stability and function for the mandibular denture through a case report.How to cite this articleBhattacharyya J, Goel P, Ghosh S, Das S. Piezography: An Innovative Technique in Complete Denture Fabrication. J Contemp Dent 2012;2(3):109-113.
Study of the Synthesis of Some Biginelli-type Products Catalyzed by Nano-ZrO2
Authors: Farhadi Asadollah , Takassi Mohammad Ali , Hejazi Leila 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Nanoparticles of zirconium(IV) oxide catalyze the three-component coupling of aromatic aldehydes, b-diketones and urea to afford the correspo nding 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones (Biginelli compounds) in moderate to good yields under mild conditions.
Synthesis, Raman Spectrum and Single-Crystal Structure of CaBa8[CN2]6O2(N0.5H0.5)
Authors: Reckeweg Olaf , Schulz Armin , DiSalvo Francis J. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Colorless, transparent single crystals of CaBa8[CN2]6O2(N0.5H0.5) (R3̄ (no. 148), a = 996.94(4) and c = 1803.18(8) pm, Z = 3) were obtained by the reaction of Ca3N2, Ba2N and NaHCN2 (of which one of the latter two most likely was contaminated with some oxygen impurity) in arcwelded Nb ampoules at 1200 K. The title compound consists of distorted (H/N)Ba6 octahedra which share two of their opposite faces with OBa4 tetrahedra interconnected by [N=C=N]2- units of Ca(N=C=N)6 octahedra with C=N bond lengths of 121.9(6) and 124.3(6) pm and with a bond angle deviating from linearity with (N-C-N) = 175:9(5)°. A Raman spectrum obtained from the crystal used for the structure determination indicates the presence of the [N=C=N]2- unit.
Engineering of Graphene Layer Orientation to Attain High Rate Capability and Anisotropic Properties in Li‐Ion Battery Electrodes
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Amartya , Guo Fei , Tokranov Anton , Xiao Xingcheng , Hurt Robert H. , Sheldon Brian W. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNovel carbon films with different graphene layer orientations are investigated as electrode materials for Li‐ion batteries. It is demonstrated that engineering the crystallographic orientation with graphene layers oriented perpendicular to the surface substantially alters stress evolution during Li insertion. With this crystallographic orientation the intercalating/de‐intercalating Li‐ions also have direct access to the graphene interlayer spaces, resulting in higher capacity at faster electrochemical cycling, compared to carbon films with graphene layers parallel to the film surface. Electrodes with perpendicular alignment are prepared by supramolecular synthesis using either spin coating or bar coating of chromonic liquid crystal precursors into precursor organic films followed by in situ carbonization. These materials are compared with in situ stress measurements during lithiation/delithiation cycles, and the bar‐coated films exhibit a highly anisotropic stress which is consistent with long‐range alignment of the graphene layers. In contrast, the in‐plane stresses in the spin‐coated films are isotropic, which is consistent with the presence of randomly oriented domains (still with graphene layers oriented perpendicular to the surface). Overall, the use of thin film graphitic materials with controlled crystallographic orientations provides a valuable platform for investigating the impact of graphene structure on the properties of Li‐ion battery electrode materials.
Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Solar Cells by Using Shape‐Dependent Broadband Plasmonic Absorption in Metallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Xuanhua , Choy Wallace Chik Ho , Lu Haifei , Sha Wei E. I. , Ho Aaron Ho Pui 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIt is been widely reported that plasmonic effects in metallic nanomaterials can enhance light trapping in organix solar cells (OSCs). However, typical nanoparticles (NP) of high quality (i.e., mono‐dispersive) only possess a single resonant absorption peak, which inevitably limits the power conversion efficiency (PCE) enhancement to a narrow spectral range. Broadband plasmonic absorption is obviously highly desirable. In this paper, a combination of Ag nanomaterials of different shapes, including nanoparticles and nanoprisms, is proposed for this purpose. The nanomaterials are synthesized using a simple wet chemical method. Theoretical and experimental studies show that the origin of the observed PCE enhancement is the simultaneous excitation of many plasmonic low‐ and high‐order resonances modes, which are material‐, shape‐, size‐, and polarization‐dependent. Particularly for the Ag nanoprisms studied here, the high‐order resonances result in higher contribution than low‐order resonances to the absorption enhancement of OSCs through an improved overlap with the active material absorption spectrum. With the incorporation of the mixed nanomaterials into the active layer, a wide‐band absorption improvement is demonstrated and the short‐circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) improves by 17.91%. Finally, PCE is enhanced by 19.44% as compared to pre‐optimized control OSCs. These results suggest a new approach to achieve higher overall enhancement through improving broadband absorption.
Nanoscale Flexoelectricity
Authors: Nguyen Thanh D. , Mao Sheng , Yeh Yao‐Wen , Purohit Prashant K. , McAlpine Michael C. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractElectromechanical effects are ubiquitous in biological and materials systems. Understanding the fundamentals of these coupling phenomena is critical to devising next‐generation electromechanical transducers. Piezoelectricity has been studied in detail, in both the bulk and at mesoscopic scales. Recently, an increasing amount of attention has been paid to flexoelectricity: electrical polarization induced by a strain gradient. While piezoelectricity requires crystalline structures with no inversion symmetry, flexoelectricity does not carry this requirement, since the effect is caused by inhomogeneous strains. Flexoelectricity explains many interesting electromechanical behaviors in hard crystalline materials and underpins core mechanoelectric transduction phenomena in soft biomaterials. Most excitingly, flexoelectricity is a size‐dependent effect which becomes more significant in nanoscale systems. With increasing interest in nanoscale and nano‐bio hybrid materials, flexoelectricity will continue to gain prominence. This Review summarizes work in this area. First, methods to amplify or manipulate the flexoelectric effect to enhance material properties will be investigated, particularly at nanometer scales. Next, the nature and history of these effects in soft biomaterials will be explored. Finally, some theoretical interpretations for the effect will be presented. Overall, flexoelectricity represents an exciting phenomenon which is expected to become more considerable as materials continue to shrink.
A novel phenotype characterized by digital abnormalities, intellectual disability, and short stature in a Mexican family maps to Xp11.4–p11.21
Authors: Barboza‐Cerda María C. , Campos‐Acevedo Luis D. , Rangel Roberto , Martínez‐de‐Villarreal Laura E. , Déctor Miguel A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe family observed in this study included affected males and asymptomatic females. The patients shared specific digital abnormalities including postaxial polydactyly, cutaneous syndactyly, and brachydactyly. In addition, the patients exhibited mild‐to‐moderate intellectual disability and short stature coupled with microbrachycephaly, scoliosis, and cerebellar and renal hypoplasia. No chromosomal alterations or copy number variations were found in the index case. The genetic linkage analysis, which focused on the X chromosome, and the haplotype analysis detected a ∼15.74 Mb candidate region located at Xp11.4–p11.21 with a LOD score of 4.8. Additionally, half of the mothers showed skewed X‐inactivation, while the other mothers exhibited random inactivation patterns. The candidate region includes 28 protein‐encoding genes that have not yet been implicated in human disorders. We speculate that the observed phenotype is compatible with a monogenic disorder in which the mutant gene plays a significant role during embryonic development. Based on the patients' clinical features, image studies, pedigree, chromosome location, and X‐inactivation studies in the mothers, we propose that this family has a novel, specific syndrome with an X‐linked recessive mode of inheritance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maternal attitudes to newborn screening for fragile X syndrome
Authors: Christie Louise , Wotton Tiffany , Bennetts Bruce , Wiley Veronica , Wilcken Bridget , Rogers Carolyn , Boyle Jackie , Turner Catherine , Hansen Jessica , Hunter Matthew , Goel Himanshu , Field Michael 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAlthough fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the commonest cause of inherited intellectual disability the mean age of diagnosis in Australia is 5.5 years. Newborn screening for FXS can provide an early diagnosis, preventing the “diagnostic odyssey”, allowing access to early interventions, and providing reproductive information for parents. Parents of affected children support newborn screening, but few clinical studies have evaluated community attitudes. A pilot study in 2009–2010 was performed in a tertiary hospital to explore feasibility and maternal attitudes. FXS testing of male and female newborns was offered to mothers in addition to routine newborn screening. Mothers were provided with information about FXS, inheritance pattern, carrier status, and associated adult‐onset disorders. One thousand nine hundred seventy‐one of 2,094 mothers (94%) consented to testing of 2,000 newborns. 86% completed the attitudinal survey and 10% provided written comments. Almost all parents (99%) elected to be informed of both premutation and full mutation status and there was little concern about identification of carrier status or associated adult‐onset disorders. Most mothers (96%) were comfortable being approached in the postnatal period and supported testing because no extra blood test was required. Mothers considered an early diagnosis beneficial to help prepare for a child with additional needs (93%) and for reproductive planning (64%). Some were anxious about the potential test results (10%) and others felt their feelings towards their newborn may change if diagnosed with FXS (16%). High participation rates and maternal attitudes indicate a high level of maternal acceptance and voluntary support for newborn screening for FXS. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diagnostic characteristics of sinonasal organizing hematomas: avoiding misdiagnosis
Authors: Wu Arthur W. , Ting Jonathan Y. , Borgie Roderick C. , Busaba Nicolas Y. , Sadow Peter M. , Juliano Amy F. , Gray Stacey T. , Holbrook Eric H. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundOrganizing hematomas of the paranasal sinuses are diagnostic dilemmas clinically and radiographically, mimicking benign or malignant neoplastic processes and causing patients and clinicians undue worry regarding these diagnoses. Diagnostic criteria for correctly identifying these lesions are not well known.MethodsA retrospective case series of 7 patients with sinonasal organizing hematoma was studied. Radiographic imaging, clinical characteristics, and pathology were reviewed for new insights.ResultsThree patients presented with a primary complaint of epistaxis, 4 had masses visible on nasal endoscopy, and 2 had vascular malformations or small hemangiomas adjacent to the mass found on final pathology. Biopsy of these masses were consistently nondiagnostic prior to complete resection. The most diagnostic findings were “shells” of T2 hypointensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surrounding the lobules of each of the masses. These correspond to rims of fibrosis at the periphery of the lobules on pathology. Areas of fresh hemorrhage are located at the center of these lobules.ConclusionSinonasal organizing hematomas are rare lesions of the paranasal sinuses whose clinical characteristics lead to misdiagnoses of benign or malignant neoplasms. Endoscopy, preoperative biopsy, and computed tomography (CT) imaging do not lend helpful information in differentiating these lesions from more worrisome neoplastic processes. However, MRI can lead to positive diagnosis by recognizing the distinct outer rims of T2 hypointensity typically seen in these lesions.
Keimbildung organischer Kristalle aus molekularer Sichtweise
Authors: Davey Roger J. , Schroeder Sven L. M. , ter Horst Joop H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDas Produkt der Synthese kristalliner organischer Materialien hängt stark von den ersten Schritten des molekularen Selbstorganisationswegs ab, ein Vorgang, den wir als Keimbildung von Kristallen kennen. Die Entwicklung neuer experimenteller und rechnerischer Verfahren hat zu verstärktem Interesse an der Aufklärung der molekularen Mechanismen geführt, durch die Keime entstehen und sich zu makroskopischen Kristallen entwickeln. Die Kinetik der beteiligten Vorgänge wird gut von der klassischen Keimbildungstheorie (“classical nucleation theory”, CNT) beschrieben, neu vorgeschlagene Keimbildungstheorien betrachten zusätzlich die Entwicklung der Struktur und die Konkurrenzsituation bei der Kristallisation polymorpher Systeme. Dieser Aufsatz diskutiert, wie weit die CNT und Messungen der Keimbildungsrate Informationen über diese Vorgänge auf molekularer Ebene liefern können, und fasst das aktuelle Wissen über die molekulare Selbstorganisation in keimbildenden Systemen zusammen.
Highly Fluorescent Semiconducting Polymer Dots for Biology and Medicine
Authors: Wu Changfeng , Chiu Daniel T. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn recent years, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention because of their outstanding characteristics as fluorescent probes. These nanoparticles, which primarily consist of π‐conjugated polymers and are called polymer dots (Pdots) when they exhibit small particle size and high brightness, have demonstrated utility in a wide range of applications such as fluorescence imaging and biosensing. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the photophysical properties of Pdots which speak to the merits of these entities as fluorescent labels. This review also highlights the surface functionalization and biomolecular conjugation of Pdots, and their applications in cellular labeling, in vivo imaging, single‐particle tracking, biosensing, and drug delivery. We discuss the relationship between the physical properties and performance, and evaluate the merits and limitations of the Pdot probes for certain imaging tasks and fluorescence assays. We also tackle the current challenges of Pdots and share our perspective on the future directions of the field.
Multiplex Analyses of Antibodies Against Citrullinated Peptides in Individuals Prior to Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Brink Mikael , Hansson Monika , Mathsson Linda , Jakobsson Per‐Johan , Holmdahl Rikard , Hallmans Göran , Stenlund Hans , Rönnelid Johan , Klareskog Lars , Rantapää‐Dahlqvist Solbritt 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe presence of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides has been demonstrated to precede the onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by several years. The aim of this study was to analyze antibodies against 10 citrullinated autoantigen‐derived peptides for reactivity before the onset of RA symptoms.MethodsA case–control study was conducted within the Medical Biobank of Northern Sweden. The study was performed in 409 individuals, 386 of whom donated 717 blood samples before the onset of symptoms of RA (pre‐patients). The median period of time predating the onset of RA was 7.4 years. A total of 1,305 population‐based control subjects were also studied. Antibodies to 10 citrullinated peptides, fibrinogen α573 (Fibα573), Fibα591, Fibβ36–52, Fibβ72, Fibβ74, α‐enolase (citrullinated α‐enolase peptide 1 [CEP‐1]), triple‐helical type II collagen peptide C1 (citC1III), filaggrin, vimentin 2–17 (Vim2–17), and Vim60–75, were analyzed using a microarray system.ResultsThe fluorescence intensity of antibodies against Fibβ36–52, Fibβ74, CEP‐1, citC1III, and filaggrin was significantly increased in pre‐patients compared with controls (P < 0.001). The levels of the earliest‐detectable antibodies (Fibα591 and Vim60–75) fluctuated over time, with only a slight increase after the onset of disease. The frequency of antibodies against Fibβ36–52, CEP‐1, and filaggrin increased gradually, reaching the highest levels before symptom onset. The frequency of a cluster of antibodies, citC1III, Fibα573, and Fibβ74, increased only slightly before the onset of symptoms but increased prominently after disease onset. The odds ratio for the development of RA in individuals expressing both CEP‐1 and Fibβ36–52 antibodies (using data from samples obtained <3.35 years predating symptom onset) was 40.4 (95% confidence interval 19.8–82.3) compared with having either antibody alone.ConclusionDevelopment of an immune response toward citrullinated peptides is initially restricted but expands with time to induce a more specific response, with levels, particularly those of antibodies against CEP‐1, Fibβ36–52, and filaggrin, increasing during the predating time period closer to the onset of symptoms.
ETA: Robust software for determination of cell specific rates from extracellular time courses
Authors: Murphy Taylor A. , Young Jamey D. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAccurate quantification of cell specific rates and their uncertainties is of critical importance for assessing metabolic phenotypes of cultured cells. We applied two different methods of regression and error analysis to estimate specific metabolic rates from time‐course measurements obtained in exponentially growing cell cultures. Using simulated data sets to compute specific rates of growth, glucose uptake, and lactate excretion, we found that Gaussian error propagation from prime variables to the final calculated rates was the most accurate method for estimating parameter uncertainty. We incorporated this method into a MATLAB‐based software package called Extracellular Time‐Course Analysis (ETA), which automates the analysis workflow required to (i) compute cell specific metabolic rates and their uncertainties; (ii) test the goodness‐of‐fit of the experimental data to the regression model; and (iii) rapidly compare the results across multiple experiments. ETA was used to estimate the uptake or excretion rate of glucose, lactate, and 18 different amino acids in a B‐cell model of c‐Myc‐driven cancer. We found that P493‐6 cells with High Myc expression increased their specific uptake of glutamine, arginine, serine, lysine, and branched‐chain amino acids by two‐ to threefold in comparison to low Myc cells, but exhibited only modest increases in glucose uptake and lactate excretion. By making the ETA software package freely available to the scientific community, we expect that it will become an important tool for rigorous estimation of specific rates required for metabolic flux analysis and other quantitative metabolic studies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1748–1758. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bis(phosphite) Ligands with Distal Regulation: Application in Rhodium‐mediated Asymmetric Hydroformylations
Authors: Mon Ignasi , Jose D. Amilan , Vidal‐Ferran Anton 
Published: January 2013

AbstractSmall amounts of achiral polyether binders are employed to enhance the enantioselectivity of the hydroformylation of an array of diversely substituted substrates (increase of up to 62 % ee for vinyl acetate) mediated by chiral rhodium complexes derived from the α,ω‐bis(phosphite)–polyether ligands 1. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents an unprecedented successful example of the positive regulation of enantioselectivity in hydroformylations.
Synchronous bilateral Wilms tumor
Authors: Indolfi Paolo , Jenkner Alessandro , Terenziani Monica , Crocoli Alessandro , Serra Annalisa , Collini Paola , Biasoni Davide , Gandola Lorenza , Bisogno Gianni , Cecchetto Giovanni , Di Martino Martina , D'Angelo Paolo , Bianchi Maurizio , Conte Massimo , Inserra Alessandro , Pession Andrea , Spreafico Filippo ,   on behalf of the AIEOP Wilms Tumor Working Group
Published: January 2013

AbstractBACKGROUND:The optimal management of bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT) is challenging, and their survival is lower than for unilateral tumors. This report discusses a large series of BWTs treated in Italy in the last 2 decades.METHODS:This analysis concerns patients with synchronous BWT registered at Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP) centers between 1990 and 2011; details on their treatment and outcome are presented and discussed.RESULTS:Ninety BWTs were registered in the AIEOP Wilms tumor database. Preoperative chemotherapy was given for a median 12 weeks before definitive tumor resection was attempted. Forty‐eight percent of the patients had preservation of bilateral renal parenchyma. The proportion of bilateral nephron‐sparing surgeries was not higher in the 37 patients initially given doxorubicin/vincristine/actinomycin D (32%) than in the 43 children receiving vincristine/actinomycin D alone (58%). The 4‐year disease‐free survival rate was 66.5% ± 5% and overall survival was 80% ± 5% for the cohort as a whole. The 4‐year disease‐free survival (overall survival) for 18 children with diffuse anaplasia or postchemotherapy blastemal‐type tumors was 51% ± 13% (62% ± 13%), as opposed to 72% ± 3% (88% ± 4%) for 68 children with a favorable histology (log‐rank P = .04 [P = .007]).CONCLUSIONS:These results provide further evidence that the optimal duration and choice of drugs for preoperative chemotherapy remain an open question. Outcome remained significantly worse for BWT than for unilateral Wilms tumor. To enable the conservative treatment of as many affected kidneys as possible, only centers with experience in BWT should manage such cases. Cancer 2013. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Microwave Spectroscopic and Atoms in Molecules Theoretical Investigations on the Ar⋅⋅⋅Propargyl Alcohol Complex: Ar⋅⋅⋅HO, Ar⋅⋅⋅π, and Ar⋅⋅⋅C Interactions
Authors: Mani Devendra , Arunan Elangannan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe structure of the Ar⋅⋅⋅propargyl alcohol (Ar⋅⋅⋅PA) complex is determined from the rotational spectra of the parent complex and its two deuterated isotopologues, namely Ar⋅⋅⋅PA‐D(OD) and Ar⋅⋅⋅PA‐D(CD). The spectra confirm a geometry in which PA exists in the gauche form with Ar located in between OH and CCH groups. All a, b and c types of transitions show small splitting due to some large‐amplitude motion dominated by COH torsion, as in the monomer. Splittings in a‐ and b‐type transitions are of the order of a few kilohertz, whereas splitting in the c‐type transitions is relatively larger (0.9–2.6 MHz) and decreases in the order Ar⋅⋅⋅PA>Ar⋅⋅⋅PA‐D(CD)>Ar⋅⋅⋅PA‐D(OD). The assignments are well supported by ab initio calculations. Atoms in molecules (AIM) and electrostatic potential calculations are used to explore the nature of the interactions in this complex. AIM calculations not only reveal the expected OH⋅⋅⋅Ar and π⋅⋅⋅Ar interactions in the Ar⋅⋅⋅gauche‐PA complex, but also novel C⋅⋅⋅Ar (of CH2OH group) and OH⋅⋅⋅Ar interactions in the Ar⋅⋅⋅trans‐PA complex. Similar interactions are also present in the Ar⋅⋅⋅methanol complex.