bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mysidopsis cachuchoensis sp. nov. (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae), a new suprabenthic mysid from bathyal soft-bottoms of the Le Danois Bank (southern Bay of Biscay)
Authors: San Vicente Carlos , Frutos Inmaculada , Sorbe Jean Claude 
Published: October 2012

A new suprabenthic mysid, Mysidopsis cachuchoensis sp. nov., is described from specimens sampled with a suprabenthic sled at the ‘Le Danois' Bank (the ‘El Cachucho' Marine Protected Area; southern Bay of Biscay). The main distinguishing features of this new species are the structure of its eyestalk and antennal scale as well as the armature of its telson and uropodal endopods. Inferred from the present unique record (828 m depth, inner basin between the bank and the Cantabrian shelf), it seems to be a rare endemic species of the bank, living on muddy bottoms of the upper bathyal.
Remitting ‘filial co-habitation’: ‘actual’ and ‘virtual’ co-residence between Korean professional migrant adult children couples in Singapore and their elderly parents
Authors: KIM JEEHUN 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTBased on in-depth interviews with middle-class Korean professional sojourner migrant married couples in Singapore and their elderly parents, this paper examines how the cultural meaning and social practice of filial co-habitation and support have been transformed in an international migration context. Transnational co-residence and visiting among these families are examined and a differentiated and patterned organisation of support by sons versus daughters for their own elderly parents is demonstrated. Although the immigration regulations and co-ethnic community environments for older Koreans in Singapore pose a challenge to elderly parents, the family remains the most important nexus of care and support. By adopting ‘virtual’ and ‘actual’ co-residence strategies and deploying multi-purpose long-term visits by wives and children in Singapore to their elderly parents in Korea, and by remitting regular financial contributions, these families are able to maintain the cultural ideal of filial co-residence and support. However, the gendered traditional co-habitation ideal differentiates between actual and virtual co-residence. The actual co-residence pattern was mainly adopted by first sons/daughters-in-law couples and the elderly parents of the first sons, whereas the virtual co-residence pattern was mainly adopted by sons-in-law/daughters couples and the elderly parents of daughters. These results show that patterned two-way transnational mobility for providing care and support is shaped by cultural norms and the practical negotiation of family obligations.
Organizing public opinion in a resonating box: the Gülich rebellion in early modern Cologne, 1680–1686
Authors: BELLINGRADT DANIEL 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT:The article analyses one of the most spectacular urban rebellions of the early modern Holy Roman Empire of the German nation from the perspective of local acts of communication. Led by the merchant Nikolaus Gülich, the ‘Gülich rebellion’ convulsed the free and imperial city of Cologne in the 1680s. Gülich appealed to public opinion and used media impulses within the urban community to campaign successfully against the corruption of the city council.
Like an old cathedral city: Belfast welcomes Queen Victoria, August 1849
Authors: CONNOLLY S.J. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT:Belfast, with its history of communal violence, is normally seen as lying outside the mainstream of nineteenth-century British urban development. The queen's visit, however, reveals a community characterized by much the same mixture of civic pride and diffidence that characterized other provincial centres. The episode also casts light on the ambivalent attitude of the British and Irish political establishments to the new industrial town, and on Belfast's ambiguous position within the Irish urban hierarchy.
Associational culture and the shaping of urban space: civic societies in Britain before 1960
Authors: HEWITT LUCY E. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT:We currently know civic societies as a widespread part of the amenity lobby, yet their history is little explored. Focusing on the emergence and growth of civic societies before 1960, this article examines some of that history. The first section provides a background context, linking civic groups to shifting ideas about architecture and space, and to reform movements of the nineteenth century. The second section explores the growth in numbers of associations and their memberships. The third section develops a discussion of the ideas and activities of societies, focusing particularly on their articulation of social and spatial interconnection, their use of a prescriptive urban aesthetic and their political influence.
King Sam and I
Authors: Jacob Kathryn Allamong 
Published: October 2012

The first of the nineteenth-century books about Washington, D.C., that I read at the start of my dissertation research, John Forney'sAnecdotes of Public Men(1873), included this description of one of the capital's residents:What a delicious volume that famous man of the world, Sam Ward, who is every body's friend, from black John who drives his hack to the jolly Senator who eats his dinners and drinks his wine—from the lady who accepts his bouquet to the prattling child who hungers for his French candies—what a jewel of a book he could make of the good things he has heard at his thousand “noctes ambrosianae!”
Infrasonic propagation from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption: Investigating the influence of stratospheric solar tides
Authors: Green D. N. , Matoza R. S. , Vergoz J. , Le Pichon A. 
Published: October 2012

The stratospheric infrasound duct, formed between Earth's surface and altitudes of ∼50 km, is sensitive to spatiotemporal variations in stratospheric wind speed and temperature. Infrasound recorded at long range from the 2010 summit eruption of Eyjafjallajökull volcano, Iceland, exhibits temporal variability correlated with diurnal stratospheric solar tidal wind speed variations. Between 18 and 28 April 2010, signal observations at stations BKNI, U.K. (range, 1745 km), and IS18, Greenland (range, 2285 km), exhibit prominent diurnal variations in infrasonic amplitude, bandwidth, back azimuth, and apparent speed, which we identify using the CLEAN spectral analysis algorithm for unevenly sampled time series. Results of 3‐D acoustic ray tracing through operational atmospheric specifications indicate that tidal wind speed variations (with amplitudes of ∼20 m/s) can generate diurnal variations in the proportion of the acoustic wavefield propagating within the stratospheric acoustic duct. Range‐dependent meteorology is required; propagation modeling using averaged meteorological profiles fails to predict the leakage of acoustic energy out of the stratospheric acoustic duct at times of low observed signal amplitudes. Ray tracing correctly predicts the phase of the observed signal amplitude and apparent speed variations. Diurnal variability in ducting, combined with diurnal variations in ambient noise at the sensors, can explain the observed signal bandwidth variations. Back azimuth variations (observed only along the Eyjafjallajökull to BKNI path) are not predicted by 3‐D ray tracing. Tidal variations have implications for models of infrasound array network detection capability and for studies that utilize amplitude and bandwidth measurements to make inferences about the acoustic source.
Characterization of the morphometry of impact craters hosting polar deposits in Mercury's north polar region
Authors: Talpe Matthieu J. , Zuber Maria T. , Yang Di , Neumann Gregory A. , Solomon Sean C. , Mazarico Erwan , Vilas Faith 
Published: October 2012

Earth‐based radar images of Mercury show radar‐bright material inside impact craters near the planet's poles. A previous study indicated that the polar‐deposit‐hosting craters (PDCs) at Mercury's north pole are shallower than craters that lack such deposits. We use data acquired by the Mercury Laser Altimeter on the MESSENGER spacecraft during 11 months of orbital observations to revisit the depths of craters at high northern latitudes on Mercury. We measured the depth and diameter of 537 craters located poleward of 45°N, evaluated the slopes of the northern and southern walls of 30 PDCs, and assessed the floor roughness of 94 craters, including nine PDCs. We find that the PDCs appear to have a fresher crater morphology than the non‐PDCs and that the radar‐bright material has no detectable influence on crater depths, wall slopes, or floor roughness. The statistical similarity of crater depth‐diameter relations for the PDC and non‐PDC populations places an upper limit on the thickness of the radar‐bright material (<170 m for a crater 11 km in diameter) that can be refined by future detailed analysis. Results of the current study are consistent with the view that the radar‐bright material constitutes a relatively thin layer emplaced preferentially in comparatively young craters.
Hydration dynamics promote bacterial coexistence on rough surfaces
Authors: Wang Gang , Or Dani 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Identification of mechanisms that promote and maintain the immense microbial diversity found in soil is a central challenge for contemporary microbial ecology. Quantitative tools for systematic integration of complex biophysical and trophic processes at spatial scales, relevant for individual cell interactions, are essential for making progress. We report a modeling study of competing bacterial populations cohabiting soil surfaces subjected to highly dynamic hydration conditions. The model explicitly tracks growth, motion and life histories of individual bacterial cells on surfaces spanning dynamic aqueous networks that shape heterogeneous nutrient fields. The range of hydration conditions that confer physical advantages for rapidly growing species and support competitive exclusion is surprisingly narrow. The rapid fragmentation of soil aqueous phase under most natural conditions suppresses bacterial growth and cell dispersion, thereby balancing conditions experienced by competing populations with diverse physiological traits. In addition, hydration fluctuations intensify localized interactions that promote coexistence through disproportional effects within densely populated regions during dry periods. Consequently, bacterial population dynamics is affected well beyond responses predicted from equivalent and uniform hydration conditions. New insights on hydration dynamics could be considered in future designs of soil bioremediation activities, affect longevity of dry food products, and advance basic understanding of bacterial diversity dynamics and its role in global biogeochemical cycles.
Interpersonal coordination tendencies supporting the creation/prevention of goal scoring opportunities in futsal
Authors: Vilar LuÍs , Araújo Duarte , Davids Keith , Travassos Bruno , Duarte Ricardo , Parreira João 
Published: October 2012

AbstractResearch on 1vs1 sub‐phases in team sports has shown how one player coordinates his/her actions with his/her opponent and the location of a target/goal to attain performance objectives. In this study, we extended this approach to analysis of 5vs5 competitive performance in the team sport of futsal to provide a performance analysis framework that explains how players coordinate their actions to create/prevent opportunities to score goals. For this purpose, we recorded all 10 futsal matches of the 2009 Lusophony Games held in Lisbon. We analysed the displacement trajectories of a shooting attacker and marking defender in plays ending in a goal, a goalkeeper's save, and a defender's interception, at four specific moments during performance: (1) assisting attacker's ball reception and (2) moment of passing, (3) shooter's ball reception, and (4), shot on goal. Statistical analysis showed that when a goal was scored, the defender's angle to the goal and to the attacker tended to decrease, the attacker was able to move to the same distance to the goal alongside the defender, and the attacker was closer to the defender and moving at the same velocity (at least) as the defender. This study identified emergent patterns of coordination between attackers and defenders under key competitive task constraints, such as the location of the goal, which supported successful performance in futsal.
FAST HOLOGRAPHIC DECONVOLUTION: A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR PRECISION RADIO INTERFEROMETRY
Authors: Sullivan I. S. , Morales M. F. , Hazelton B. J. , Arcus W. , Barnes D. , Bernardi G. , Briggs F. H. , Bowman J. D. , Bunton J. D. , Cappallo R. J. , Corey B. E. , Deshpande A. , deSouza L. , Emrich D. , Gaensler B. M. , Goeke R. , Greenhill L. J. , Herne D. , Hewitt J. N. , Johnston-Hollitt M. , Kaplan D. L. , Kasper J. C. , Kincaid B. B. , Koenig R. , Kratzenberg E. , Lonsdale C. J. , Lynch M. J. , McWhirter S. R. , Mitchell D. A. , Morgan E. , Oberoi D. , Ord S. M. , Pathikulangara J. , Prabu T. , Remillard R. A. , Rogers A. E. E. , Roshi A. , Salah J. E. , Sault R. J. , Shankar N. Udaya , Srivani K. S. , Stevens J. , Subrahmanyan R. , Tingay S. J. , Wayth R. B. , Waterson M. , Webster R. L. , Whitney A. R. , Williams A. , Williams C. L. , Wyithe J. S. B. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT
We introduce the Fast Holographic Deconvolution method for analyzing interferometric radio data. Our new method is an extension of A-projection/software-holography/forward modeling analysis techniques and shares their precision deconvolution and wide-field polarimetry, while being significantly faster than current implementations that use full direction-dependent antenna gains. Using data from the MWA 32 antenna prototype, we demonstrate the effectiveness and precision of our new algorithm. Fast Holographic Deconvolution may be particularly important for upcoming 21 cm cosmology observations of the Epoch of Reionization and Dark Energy where foreground subtraction is intimately related to the precision of the data reduction.
Evidence for the electrolysis of water by atmospheric-pressure plasmas formed at the surface of aqueous solutions
Authors: Witzke Megan , Rumbach Paul , Go David B , Sankaran R Mohan 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The formation of atmospheric-pressure plasmas with liquid electrodes holds great importance for a number of emerging technologies and applications, yet fundamental questions remain about the nature of the interactions at the plasma/liquid interface. In particular, when the liquid serves as the anode, the plasma supplies gas-phase electrons to the liquid surface, and how these electrons interact with the liquid has not been fully explained. In this work, we present experimental evidence that in the case of water, plasma electrons are involved in electrolytic reactions leading to the conversion of protons (H+) to hydrogen gas. Reactions associated with water electrolysis are indirectly characterized by pH measurements that show qualitatively and quantitatively that the liquid at the plasma interface increases in basicity, consistent with the reduction of protons by plasma electrons. Mass spectrometry measurements confirm the evolution of hydrogen gas, directly providing evidence of water electrolysis. This work highlights the critical role that plasma electrons can play in plasma/liquid interactions with broad implications for any plasma system involving an aqueous electrode, including emerging applications in plasma medicine and plasma–liquid materials synthesis.
Reactivity of inorganic nanoparticles in biological environments: insights into nanotoxicity mechanisms
Authors: Casals E , Gonzalez E , Puntes V F 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A deeper understanding of the behaviour of inorganic nanoparticles in biological media is needed not only to fully control and develop the potential of these materials but also to increase knowledge of the physical chemistry of inorganic materials when their morphology approaches that of molecular entities. Although this knowledge and control is not yet entirely acquired, industry and society are already using nanomaterials in greater quantities and in consumer products. As normally happens when something new arrives in society, the interest in the broader implications of this emerging technology has grown together with unfounded ‘nanoeuphoria’ and ‘nanoscares’. In this context, only by understanding the mechanisms of the nano–bio interaction will it be possible to safely develop nanotechnology. In this review, we discuss on how nanoparticles behave once they are naturally or intentionally produced and are exposed to humans and the environment. The response of nanoparticles inside organisms or released to the environment is complex and diverse, and depends on a variety of parameters involved. Mainly, they may (i) be aggregated into microscopic particles or embedded in exposed materials; (ii) the surfaces of the nanoparticles, which determine their bioactivity, experience constant modifications; and (iii) nanoparticles may corrode and dissolve or they can suffer morphological modifications.
Stress-induced state transitions in flexible liquid-crystal devices
Authors: Ho I-Lin , Chang Yia-Chung 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
This work studies the stress–strain dynamics for the transient optoelectronic characteristics of flexible liquid-crystal (LC) devices. Due to the fast response of LC directors, the configuration of the LC is assumed to be in quasi-equilibrium during the process of elastic deformations of the flexible structures. The LC medium hence can be treated effectively as a thin-film layer and can approximately follow the strain–stress mechanism in the solids. Relevant theoretical algorithms are studied in this work, and numerical results present the stress-induced state transitions in the π cell.
Structural, optical and electrical properties of spray-deposited CZTS thin films under a non-equilibrium growth condition
Authors: Patel M , Mukhopadhyay I , Ray A 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Spray pyrolysed thin films of quaternary Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) were successfully deposited on soda lime glass substrates at 320 °C under a non-equilibrium condition (by varying Zn, Sn and S precursor concentrations) and without additional sulfurization. The effect of deficiency and enrichment of these three elements (normalized with respect to Cu) on the film's microstrain, optical band-gap and Hall mobility was investigated. A large non-uniform microstrain of (5–6) × 10−3 and compressive nature were observed for both Zn- and Sn-enriched films from Williamson–Hall analysis of x-ray diffraction (XRD) data. However, a tensile strain of (2–3) × 10−3 was revealed in Sn-poor and S-rich samples. The optical band-gap (E
g) in stoichiometric CZTS was found to be 1.45 eV and Hall mobility (μ
H) in the range 87–92 cm2 V−1 s−1 was observed for S- and Zn-enriched films. The tensile nature of microstrain and inhomogeneities in E
g and μ
H were observed with greater magnitude due to the existence of other secondary phases, which were confirmed complementarily by FTIR spectroscopy and XRD.
An electromagnetically induced transparency metamaterial with polarization insensitivity based on multi-quasi-dark modes
Authors: Zhu Lei , Meng Fan-Yi , Fu Jia-Hui , Wu Qun 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
To investigate the polarization and angle insensitive mechanism of an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) metamaterial, we designed, fabricated and measured a planar symmetry metamaterial structure. The planar symmetry metamaterial's cell consists of eight identical inner rings surrounded by a bigger outer ring, which serve as multi-quasi-dark elements and a bright element, respectively. A polarization and angle insensitive transparency window is clearly observed in the spectrum owing to the coupling between the multi-quasi-dark modes and the bright mode, which is verified by numerical simulations and experiments. A wider angle consistency is achieved because the multi-quasi-dark modes commonly participate in the destructive interference of scattering field. In addition, the excited principle and the resonance nature of EIT-like effects are investigated numerically. Simulation results show that the EIT-like effect is associated with the anti-symmetry current, which is induced by coupling fields introducing the phase delay. Finally, the slow wave property of the metamaterial is verified by numerical simulation.
Wound healing modeling: investigating ambient gas plasma treatment efficacy
Authors: Orazov Marat , Sakiyama Yukinori , Graves David B 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Chronic wounds are thought to be caused, in part, by the presence and persistence of aerobic microbes that deplete the local oxygen concentration and prevent or slow the rate of oxygen-dependent healing. Atmospheric-pressure gas plasmas have been shown to be strong bactericidal agents and there is evidence that plasma treatment can safely kill bacteria in wounds and speed wound healing. In this study, we adapted a six-species reaction–diffusion model of epithelial wound healing and used it to predict the efficacy of various plasma treatment protocols. We assume that the only effect of plasma application to the wound is to reduce the bacterial load and that this in turn reduces the bacterial oxygen consumption in the wound. The model follows the spatial and temporal concentration or density profiles within the wound of oxygen, chemoattractants, capillary sprouts, blood vessels, fibroblasts and extracellular matrix material. We highlight the importance of the effects of plasma application on the rate of bacterial regrowth in the wound. Even a relatively large initial reduction in the bacterial wound population may not be sufficient for improved healing if bacterial regrowth is not limited. Although it is clear that current efforts to model wound healing in general and the effects of plasma in particular are in their early stage, the present results suggest several important directions for coupling plasma models with models of tissue biochemical responses.
Carbon dioxide enhances fragility of ice crystals
Authors: Qin Zhao , Buehler Markus J 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Ice caps and glaciers cover 7% of the Earth, greater than the land area of Europe and North America combined, and play an important role in global climate. The small-scale failure mechanisms of ice fracture, however, remain largely elusive. In particular, little understanding exists about how the presence and concentration of carbon dioxide molecules, a significant component in the atmosphere, affects the propensity of ice to fracture. Here we use atomic simulations with the first-principles based ReaxFF force field capable of describing the details of chemical reactions at the tip of a crack, applied to investigate the effects of the presence of carbon dioxide molecules on ice fracture. Our result shows that increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide molecules significantly decrease the fracture toughness of the ice crystal, making it more fragile. Using enhanced molecular sampling with metadynamics we reconstruct the free energy landscape in varied chemical microenvironments and find that carbon dioxide molecules affect the bonds between water molecules at the crack tip and decrease their strength by altering the dissociation energy of hydrogen bonds. In the context of glacier dynamics our findings may provide a novel viewpoint that could aid in understanding the breakdown and melting of glaciers, suggesting that the chemical composition of the atmosphere can be critical to mediate the large-scale motion of large volumes of ice.