bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The current state of minimally invasive cardiac surgery in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Akintoye Oluwanifemi O. , Adu Bukola G. , Otorkpa Michael J. , Olayode Oluwatobi O. , Fodop Samuel , Alemede Peace O. , Enyong Ruth K. , Anele Feziechi C. , Omoregbee Benjamin I. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Globally, the utilisation of minimally invasive techniques has become increasingly prevalent. While traditional open-heart procedures still dominate the landscape, a significant portion of cardiac surgeries are now performed minimally invasively. The aim of this study is to provide an insightful overview of the current state of minimally invasive cardiac surgery in Africa.

Main body
A comprehensive database search was performed on PubMed, African Journal Online, Google Scholar, and Scopus to identify published data reporting on outcomes of minimally invasive cardiac surgery in Africa, from inception till June 2024. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines to undergo this study. The primary outcomes of interest were in-hospital mortality and overall mortality. Data were pooled together and analysed using a random effect model for meta-analysis with R software. Out of a total of 2309 articles identified, only fourteen papers met our inclusion criteria following deduplication and screening. The four countries with published research include Egypt, South Africa, Tanzania, and Morocco, with a total sample size of 1357 patients. The meta-analysis of the reported outcomes produced a pooled in-hospital mortality prevalence of 1.18%, while the pooled overall mortality prevalence was 2.23%. There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between the mini sternotomy and the full sternotomy group.

Conclusion
The pooled outcomes of minimally invasive cardiac surgery in Africa are comparable to those in other regions. However, there are several socio-economic factors limiting its widespread practice in Africa.
Laryngo pharyngeal affection of COVID-19 during Delta and Omicron variant (Comparative Study)
Authors: Anwar Hanan , Ragab Ahmed , Rashad Asmaa El-Dessouky 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in 2020, its main symptoms have primarily affected the respiratory system. However, it also presents other systemic manifestations, including symptoms related to the larynx and pharynx. COVID-19 has evolved into subsequent variants, starting from the alpha variant and currently dominated by the Omicron variant, with the Delta variant being the most severe.
The study aimed to elucidate the laryngo pharyngeal manifestations related to Delta and Omicron variants of COVID-19 as well as the associated risk factors.

Results
This study adopted a case–control design. The data were collected from patients who attended the phoniatric outpatient clinic at Menoufia University Hospital from January to December 2022. Patients were categorized into three groups (50 patients each). Group I consisted of patients who exhibited COVID-19 Laryngo pharyngeal symptoms during the Delta wave (Group 1) and the Omicron wave (Group 2). The control group included non-COVID-19 participants. The symptoms related to the larynx and pharynx were documented. In addition, laryngoscopic and stroboscopic examinations were done. The age of individuals affected by the Delta variant was higher. Delta cases exhibited a higher rate of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and COPD compared to Omicron cases. Additionally, Delta cases displayed greater severity. Dysphagia, dysphonia, choking attacks related to swallowing, and stridor had significant higher rate in the Delta variant compared to the Omicron variant. The Delta variant primarily exhibited unilateral vocal fold paralysis in 38% of cases, as well as bilateral vocal fold paresis and paralysis in 20% and 22% of cases, respectively. In contrast, Omicron cases predominantly showed vocal fold congestion (80% of cases). Delta cases were more prone to experiencing abnormalities in amplitude, symmetry, and periodicity.

Conclusions
The Delta variant is more prone to neurologic affection of the vocal folds manifesting as paresis and paralysis, whereas the Omicron variant, which has maintained its dominance thus far, experiences milder affection, primarily manifesting as congestion. Consequently, laryngeal affection with various degrees of severity is still suspected.
Validation of a Novel Method for Noninvasive Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in Anesthetized Children
Authors: Svedmyr Anders , Steiner Kristoffer , Andersson Andreas , Sjöberg Gunnar , Hallbäck Magnus , Wallin Mats , Lönnqvist Per-Arne , Karlsson Jacob 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) is a critical variable in the assessment of oxygen supply and demand but is rarely used in children due to the invasive nature of pulmonary artery catheters. The aim of this prospective, observational study was to investigate the accuracy of noninvasively measured SvO2 acquired by the novel capnodynamic method, based on differential Fick equation (Capno-SvO2), against gold standard CO-oximetry.

METHODS:
Capno-SvO2 was compared to SvO2 measured by pulmonary artery blood gas CO-oximetry in children undergoing cardiac catheter interventions and subjected to moderate hemodynamic challenges. Bland-Altman analysis was used to describe the agreement of absolute values between CO-oximetry and Capno-SvO2, and a concordance rate was calculated to evaluate the ability of Capno-SvO2 to track change.

RESULTS:
Twenty-five procedures were included in the study. Capno-SvO2 showed a bias toward CO-oximetry of +3 percentage points; upper and lower limits of agreement were +11 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], 9–14) and −5 percentage points (95% CI, −8 to −3), respectively. The concordance rate was 92% (95% CI, 89–96).

CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, this first clinical application of a novel concept for noninvasive SvO2 monitoring without the need for a pulmonary artery catheter indicates that Capno-SvO2 generates absolute values and trending capacity in close agreement with the gold standard reference method.
ADOxx: Eine Low-Code-Plattform für die Entwicklung von Modellierungswerkzeugen
Authors: Völz Alexander , Amlashi Danial M. , Burzynski Patrik , Utz Wilfrid 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn dem semantisch reichhaltigen Gebiet der konzeptionellen Modellierung besteht ein Bedarf an offenen und benutzerfreundlichen Plattformen zur Entwicklung von Modellierungswerkzeugen. Dieser Bedarf ergibt sich aus dem stetigen Wandel von etablierten Modellierungsstandards (z. B. BPMN, UML, ArchiMate) sowie domänenspezifischen Anforderungen. In der Anwendung manifestieren sich derartige Anpassungen bei der Realisierung von Unternehmensinformationssystemen, die sich auch angesichts technischer Herausforderungen kontinuierlich weiterentwickeln. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert einen konzeptionellen Low-Code-Ansatz für Open-Source-Metamodellierungsplattformen, der auf Basis von ADOxx prototypisch umgesetzt ist. Hierbei spielen Low-Code-Konzepte wie visuelle Drag-and-Drop-Editoren, Point-and-Click-Interaktionen, sowie das Prinzip der Wiederverwendung eine zentrale Rolle. Letzteres ermöglicht eine effiziente Integration von unterschiedlichsten Komponenten existierender Implementierungen, die auf Basis von über 50 bereits entwickelten Modellierungswerkzeugen zusammengetragen wurden. Die entsprechenden Anforderungen, die sich für den vorgestellten Ansatz ergeben, basieren auf einem evolutionären Entwicklungsprozess, der sich aus den mit verschiedenen Versionen der Plattform entwickelten Werkzeugen ableitet. Der Anspruch an Low-Code-Metamodellierungsplattformen ist die intuitive Realisierung von domänenspezifischen Modellierungswerkzeugen und die gleichzeitige Etablierung neuer Entwicklungsverfahren in der konzeptionellen Modellierung. Die Verwirklichung dieses erhobenen Anspruches steht im Einklang mit den aktuellen Trends im Bereich von Low-Code-Entwicklungsplattformen, welche durch die fortlaufende Anpassung an fortgeschrittene Funktionalitäten – wie die Integration von externen Diensten und Sicherheitsmechanismen, die zuvor primär durch traditionelle Programmierung umgesetzt wurden – vorangetrieben werden.
Nonlinear relationship of red blood cell indices (MCH, MCHC, and MCV) with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A cohort study in U.S. adults
Authors: Li Dan , Wang Aiting , Li Yeting , Ruan Zhishen , Zhao Hengyi , Li Jing , Zhang Qing , Wu Bo 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIn recent years, increasing attention has been focused on the impact of red blood cell indices (RCIs) on disease prognosis. We aimed to investigate the association of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) with mortality.MethodsThe study used cohort data from U.S. adults who participated in the 1999–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. All-cause mortality was the primary outcome during follow-up, with secondary cardiovascular mortality outcomes. COX regression was applied to analyze the connection between RCIs and mortality. We adopted three models to minimize potential bias. Smooth-fit curves and threshold effect analyses were utilized to observe the dose-response relationship between RCIs and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. In addition, we performed sensitivity analyses.Results21,203 individuals were enrolled in our research. During an average 166.2 ± 54.4 months follow-up, 24.4% of the population died. Curve fitting indicated a U-shaped relationship between MCV and MCH with all-cause mortality, and the relationship of MCHC to all-cause mortality is L-shaped. We identified inflection points in the relationship between MCV, MCH, and MCHC and all-cause mortality as 88.56732 fl, 30.22054 pg, 34.34624 g/dl (MCV <88.56732 fl, adjusted HR 0.99, 95 CI% 0.97–1.00; MCV >88.56732 fl, adjusted HR 1.05, 95 CI% 1.04–1.06. MCH <30.22054 pg, adjusted HR 0.95, 95 CI% 0.92–0.98; MCH >30.22054 pg, adjusted HR 1.08, 95 CI% 1.04–1.12. MCHC <34.34624 g/dl, adjusted HR 0.88, 95 CI% 0.83–0.93). Besides, the MCV curve was U-shaped in cardiovascular mortality (MCV <88.56732 fl, adjusted HR 0.97, 95 CI% 0.94–1.00; MCV >88.56732 fl, adjusted HR 1.04, 95 CI% 1.01–1.06).ConclusionThis cohort study demonstrated that RCIs (MCH, MCHC, and MCV) were correlated with mortality in the general population. Three RCIs were nonlinearly correlated with all-cause mortality. In addition, there were nonlinear relationships between MCH and MCV and cardiovascular mortality.
Association between gingivitis, tooth loss and cardiovascular risk: Insights from a 10-year nationwide cohort study of 3.7 million Koreans
Authors: Lee Seung Yeon 
Published: August 2024

Background
While studies have suggested an association between periodontal disease and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the strength of this association and its specific links to various types of cardiovascular disease have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine how gingivitis and tooth loss affect cardiovascular diseases, probing their individual impacts.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted, encompassing 3,779,490 individuals with no history of cardiovascular disease, utilizing data from the National Health Examination and the Korean National Health Insurance database from 2006 to 2019. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate the association between tooth loss, gingivitis, and cardiovascular disease.

Results
Following a median follow-up of 10.38 years, 17,942 new cardiovascular disease cases were identified, comprising 10,224 cases of angina pectoris, 6,182 cases of acute myocardial infarction, and 9,536 cases of stroke. It was observed that the risk of stroke was significantly higher in the tooth loss group compared to the control group (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.15). In the group with gingivitis and tooth loss, the risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease was significantly higher than in the control group (aHR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04–1.20; aHR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.14). The gingivitis group exhibited a higher risk associated with stroke (aHR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.10) among individuals aged 50 and above. However, statistically significant associations between periodontal disease and angina pectoris were not observed, nor between periodontal disease and acute myocardial infarction except among those aged above 50. Furthermore, the association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease was found to be stronger among individuals over the age of 50, males, those with obesity, and smokers compared to the control group.

Conclusions
Our results emphasize the association of tooth loss and gingivitis with cardiovascular disease, specifically stroke, underlining the critical need for preventive oral healthcare. Tailored interventions are necessary to reduce the heightened risk of cardiovascular disease events, especially stroke, among older, obese individuals and smokers.
New extensions related to Fejér-type inequalities for GA-convex functions
Authors: Latif Muhammad Amer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, some mappings related to the Fejér-type inequalities for

G
A

GA

-convex functions are defined over the interval

[

0
,
1

]

{[}0,1]

. Some Fejér-type inequalities for

G
A

GA

-convex functions are proved using these mappings. Properties of these mappings are considered and consequently we obtain refinements of some known results.
Matching ontologies with kernel principle component analysis and evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Xue Xingsi , Ye Miao , Nian Qifeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Ontology serves as a structured knowledge representation that models domain-specific concepts, properties, and relationships. Ontology matching (OM) aims to identify similar entities across distinct ontologies, which is essential for enabling communication between them. At the heart of OM lies the similarity feature (SF), which measures the likeness of entities from different perspectives. Due to the intricate nature of entity diversity, no single SF can be universally effective in heterogeneous scenarios, which underscores the urgency to construct an SF with high discriminative power. However, the intricate interactions among SFs make the selection and combination of SFs an open challenge. To address this issue, this work proposes a novel kernel principle component analysis and evolutionary algorithm (EA) to automatically construct SF for OM. First, a two-stage framework is designed to optimize SF selection and combination, ensuring holistic SF construction. Second, a cosine similarity-driven kPCA is presented to capture intricate SF relationships, offering precise SF selection. Finally, to bolster the practical application of EA in the SF combination, a novel evaluation metric is developed to automatically guide the algorithm toward more reliable ontology alignments. In the experiment, our method is compared with the state-of-the-art OM methods in the Benchmark and Conference datasets provided by the ontology alignment evaluation initiative. The experimental results show its effectiveness in producing high-quality ontology alignments across various matching tasks, significantly outperforming the state-of-the-art matching methods.
Flat band fine-tuning and its photonic applications
Authors: Danieli Carlo , Andreanov Alexei , Leykam Daniel , Flach Sergej 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Flat bands – single-particle energy bands – in tight-binding lattices, aka networks, have attracted attention due to the presence of macroscopic degeneracies and their sensitivity to perturbations. They support compact localized eigenstates protected by destructive interference. This makes them natural candidates for emerging exotic phases and unconventional orders. In this review we consider the recently proposed systematic ways to construct flat band networks based on symmetries or fine-tuning. We then discuss how the construction methods can be further extended, adapted or exploited in presence of perturbations, both single-particle and many-body. This strategy has lead to the discovery of non-perturbative metal-insulator transitions, fractal phases, nonlinear and quantum caging and many-body nonergodic quantum models. We discuss what implications these results may have for the design of fine-tuned nanophotonic systems including photonic crystals, nanocavities, and metasurfaces.
Enhanced vertical second harmonic generation from layered GaSe coupled to photonic crystal circular Bragg resonators
Authors: Liu Zhuojun , Chen Bo , Wang Xuying , Qiu Guixin , Cao Qitao , Wei Dunzhao , Liu Jin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials without centrosymmetry, such as GaSe, have emerged as promising novel optical materials due to large second-order nonlinear susceptibilities. However, their nonlinear responses are severely limited by the short interaction between the 2D materials and light, which should be improved by coupling them with photonic structures with strong field confinement. Here, we theoretically design photonic crystal circular Bragg gratings (CBG) based on hole gratings with a quality factor as high as Q = 8 × 103, a mode volume as small as V = 1.18 (λ/n)3, and vertical emission of light field in silicon nitride thin film platform. Experimentally, we achieved a Q value up to nearly 4 × 103, resulting in a 1,200-fold enhancement of second harmonic generation from GaSe flakes with a thickness of 50 nm coupling to the CBG structures under continuous-wave excitation. Our work endows silicon-based photonic platforms with significant second-order nonlinear effect, which is potentially applied in on-chip quantum light sources and nonlinear frequency conversion.
Metodología del Origen, Causa y Efecto - OCEM aplicada a fallas eléctricas o accidentes eléctricos
Authors: Torres Sánchez Horacio 
Published: August 2024

Este artículo trata del análisis de una metodología basada en las categorías filosóficas de Origen, Causa y Efecto - MOCE, aplicada a fallas eléctricas o accidentes eléctricos. La metodología MOCE propuesta en este artículo es fundamental en cualquier diagnóstico y soluciones asertivas de una falla o accidente eléctrico. Según los informes que entregan con frecuencia las empresas de energía eléctrica en Colombia, estas generalmente reportan una descarga eléctrica atmosférica o un rayo como Causa de una falla o salida de una línea de transmisión. Sin embargo, este es un error conceptual que conduce a soluciones no asertivas. Igualmente sucede, en general, en informes de fallas eléctricas o accidentes eléctricos que son originados por impactos de rayos

Palabras claves: Origen, Causa, Efecto, fallas eléctricas o accidentes eléctrico
Evaluación de estrategias de control para la reducción del desbalance de tensión en microrredes eléctricas
Authors: Cañón Rojas Esmeralda , Rojas Cubides Helrbert Enrique , Díaz Aldana Nelson 
Published: August 2024

La operación autónoma de microrredes trifásicas trae consigo problemas de calidad de potencia, entre ellos, uno de los más comunes son los desbalances de tensión. Este desequilibrio genera sobre equipos eléctricos y electrónicos problemas tales como resonancias, pérdidas de energía, envejecimiento prematuro, y fallas de operación. Particularmente, este problema resulta más crítico en microrredes AC aisladas debido a que fuentes y cargas no están conectadas a una red principal que las respalde. En este escenario, la regulación de la red depende del tipo de fuente de energía que se emplee, así como los métodos para controlar y operar la microrred. Este artículo evalúa el desempeño de varias estrategias de control orientadas a la reducción del desbalance de tensión en microrredes trifásicas aisladas, usando simulaciones en MATLAB®. Los resultados muestran que, a pesar de las diferencias conceptuales, cada propuesta de compensación basa su operación en el cálculo de componentes simétricas, ya sea de tensión o de corriente. Lo anterior, combinado con la potencia reactiva, tensión o ajuste de impedancia, permite al control realizar la compensación, en mayor o menor proporción, por medio del convertidor electrónico. Esto debe considerarse en el momento de implementar una solución para la compensación de desbalances.
Desarrollo en Python para la evaluación estocástica de armónicos en instalaciones fotovoltaicas
Authors: Marulanda Guerra Agustin Rafael , Cárdenas-Leal Johan Manuel , Tello-Maita Josimar 
Published: August 2024

Para el análisis de armónicos en sistemas eléctricos de distribución con generación solar fotovoltaica, se hace necesario establecer una metodología estocástica que permita caracterizar, identificar y evaluar el comportamiento de los aportes de corriente de estos sistemas. Este trabajo presenta una metodología basada en las cadenas de Márkov y distribución gaussiana mixta cómo herramienta de cálculo implementa Python, la cual permite recrear escenarios con alta exigencia computacional debido a los datos obtenidos de irradiancia solar a partir de las mediciones de parámetros eléctricos en el punto común de conexión del sistema fotovoltaico para obtener el comportamiento horario del . La metodología propuesta se aplicó en el sistema de generación fotovoltaico de la Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito. Los resultados muestran que los valores de están en función de los índices de irradiancia, mientras menor irradiancia se presente mayor será el valor de inyección de corriente armónica.
Mogontiacum Vulgare: Linguistic change and cultural integration in the Vulgar Latin inscriptions of Mainz
Authors: Willms Lothar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper explores linguistic change and cultural integration (esp. Romanization and De-Romanization) as reflected in the non-standard Latin inscriptions from Mogontiacum (modern Mainz) (first cent. BC to eighth cent. AD). Since Mainz was pivotal for defence and operations against Germanic people east of the Rhine, Roman military and the Germanic element play a greater role than in Cologne and Trier. In the Early Empire, the military was the biggest factor of integration and mobility, for people and cults from both local, Celtic and Germanic, and remote, esp. eastern origin. The Early Empire inscriptions yield more archaic features than those from Cologne and Trier (ai) whereas curse tablets, found in the Isis and Mater Magna sanctuary, offer a copious corpus of substandard language, unique on the west bank of the Rhine (first attestation of aphaeresis, semivocalization of i). Christian funerary inscriptions document a more advanced phonetic stage (nearby merger, raisings ē > ī and ō > ū, first firm evidence for palatalization and semivocalization of u in the area) and a new pronominal paradigm (unisex nominative [qui] vs. oblique [hunc]) as well as the take-over, Christian conversion and entry into the clerical hierarchy by a Frankish warrior elite, reflected in Germanic spellings of appellatives and OHG devoicing of stops in names.