bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypothalamic NUCKS regulates peripheral glucose homoeostasis
Authors: Qiu Beiying , Shi Xiaohe , Zhou Qiling , Chen Hui Shan , Lim Joy , Han Weiping , Tergaonkar Vinay 
Published: July 2015

Nuclear ubiquitous casein and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate (NUCKS) is highly expressed in the brain and peripheral metabolic organs, and regulates transcription of a number of genes involved in insulin signalling. Whole-body depletion of NUCKS (NKO) in mice leads to obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. However, a tissue-specific contribution of NUCKS to the observed phenotypes remains unknown. Considering the pivotal roles of insulin signalling in the brain, especially in the hypothalamus, we examined the functions of hypothalamic NUCKS in the regulation of peripheral glucose metabolism. Insulin signalling in the hypothalamus was impaired in the NKO mice when insulin was delivered through intracerebroventricular injection. To validate the hypothalamic specificity, we crossed transgenic mice expressing Cre-recombinase under the Nkx2.1 promoter with floxed NUCKS mice to generate mice with hypothalamus-specific deletion of NUCKS (HNKO). We fed the HNKO and littermate control mice with a normal chow diet (NCD) and a high-fat diet (HFD), and assessed glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance and metabolic parameters. HNKO mice showed mild glucose intolerance under an NCD, but exacerbated obesity and insulin resistance phenotypes under an HFD. In addition, NUCKS regulated levels of insulin receptor in the brain. Unlike HNKO mice, mice with immune-cell-specific deletion of NUCKS (VNKO) did not develop obesity or insulin-resistant phenotypes under an HFD. These studies indicate that hypothalamic NUCKS plays an essential role in regulating glucose homoeostasis and insulin signalling in vivo.
Cyclin Y phosphorylation- and 14-3-3-binding-dependent activation of PCTAIRE-1/CDK16
Authors: Shehata Saifeldin N. , Deak Maria , Morrice Nicholas A. , Ohta Eriko , Hunter Roger W. , Kalscheuer Vera M. , Sakamoto Kei 
Published: July 2015

PCTAIRE-1 [also known as cyclin-dependent kinase 16 (CDK16)] is implicated in various physiological processes such as neurite outgrowth and vesicle trafficking; however, its molecular regulation and downstream targets are largely unknown. Cyclin Y has recently been identified as a key interacting/activating cyclin for PCTAIRE-1; however, the molecular mechanism by which it activates PCTAIRE-1 is undefined. In the present study, we initially performed protein sequence analysis and identified two candidate phosphorylation sites (Ser12 and Ser336) on cyclin Y that might be catalysed by PCTAIRE-1. Although in vitro peptide analysis favoured Ser12 as the candidate phosphorylation site, immunoblot analysis of cell lysates that had been transfected with wild-type (WT) or kinase-inactive (KI) PCTAIRE-1 together with WT or phospho-deficient mutants of cyclin Y suggested Ser336, but not Ser12, as a PCTAIRE-1-dependent phosphorylation site. Monitoring phosphorylation of Ser336 may provide a useful read-out to assess cellular activity of PCTAIRE-1 in vivo; however, a phospho-deficient S336A mutant displayed normal interaction with PCTAIRE-1. Unbiased mass spectrometry and targeted mutagenesis analysis of cyclin Y identified key phosphorylation sites (Ser100 and Ser326) required for 14-3-3 binding. Recombinant WT cyclin Y, but not a S100A/S326A mutant, prepared in COS-1 cells co-purified with 14-3-3 and was able to activate bacterially expressed recombinant PCTAIRE-1 in cell-free assays. Finally, we observed that recently identified PCTAIRE-1 variants found in patients with intellectual disability were unable to interact with cyclin Y, and were inactive enzymes. Collectively, the present work has revealed a new mechanistic insight into activation of PCTAIRE-1, which is mediated through interaction with the phosphorylated form of cyclin Y in complex with 14-3-3.
Irisin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases glycogen synthesis via the PI3K/Akt pathway in type 2 diabetic mice and hepatocytes
Authors: Liu Tong-Yan , Shi Chang-Xiang , Gao Run , Sun Hai-Jian , Xiong Xiao-Qing , Ding Lei , Chen Qi , Li Yue-Hua , Wang Jue-Jin , Kang Yu-Ming , Zhu Guo-Qing 
Published: July 2015

Increased glucose production and reduced hepatic glycogen storage contribute to metabolic abnormalities in diabetes. Irisin, a newly identified myokine, induces the browning of white adipose tissue, but its effects on gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of irisin on gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis in hepatocytes with insulin resistance, and its therapeutic role in type 2 diabetic mice. Insulin resistance was induced by glucosamine (GlcN) or palmitate in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and mouse primary hepatocytes. Type 2 diabetes was induced by streptozotocin/high-fat diet (STZ/HFD) in mice. In HepG2 cells, irisin ameliorated the GlcN-induced increases in glucose production, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) expression, and glycogen synthase (GS) phosphorylation; it prevented GlcN-induced decreases in glycogen content and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p110α subunit level, and the phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B, forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FOXO1) and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3). These effects of irisin were abolished by the inhibition of PI3K or Akt. The effects of irisin were confirmed in mouse primary hepatocytes with GlcN-induced insulin resistance and in human HepG2 cells with palmitate-induced insulin resistance. In diabetic mice, persistent subcutaneous perfusion of irisin improved the insulin sensitivity, reduced fasting blood glucose, increased GSK3 and Akt phosphorylation, glycogen content and irisin level, and suppressed GS phosphorylation and PEPCK and G6Pase expression in the liver. Irisin improves glucose homoeostasis by reducing gluconeogenesis via PI3K/Akt/FOXO1-mediated PEPCK and G6Pase down-regulation and increasing glycogenesis via PI3K/Akt/GSK3-mediated GS activation. Irisin may be regarded as a novel therapeutic strategy for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Photonic‐assisted wideband phase noise measurement of microwave signal sources
Authors: Zhang Fangzheng , Zhu Dengjian , Pan Shilong 
Published: July 2015

A photonic‐assisted scheme for the phase noise measurement of microwave signal sources is proposed based on the optical delay‐line method. In the proposed scheme, all the microwave signal processing is implemented in the optical domain, and the electrical devices that would limit the operation bandwidth and measurement sensitivity are avoided, leading to a large operation bandwidth and a high sensitivity. The feasibility of the proved phase noise measurement system is experimentally verified. A large operation bandwidth of 5–40 GHz is achieved, and a phase noise floor as low as −140 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset is obtained.
5.5 GHz optically transparent mesh wire microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Escobar E.R. , Kirsch N.J. , Kontopidis G. , Turner B. 
Published: July 2015

As wireless networking becomes more ubiquitous there is an increasing demand for less obtrusive antennas. Optically transparent antennas increase the locations at which antennas can be installed. Prior work on optically transparent antennas has shown their feasibility using materials such as transparent conductive oxides and conductive polymers. An optically transparent antenna using highly conductive thin mesh wires designed to operate in the 5–6 GHz band is presented. This antenna was compared with a solid copper antenna of the same dimensions. The peak gain of the optically transparent antenna was measured to be 5.7 dBi as opposed to 7.6 dBi for the solid copper patch. Further more, the challenges that occur when realising a mesh wire antenna design are addressed.
Compact metamaterial antenna for UWB applications
Authors: Islam M.M. , Islam M.T. , Samsuzzaman M. , Faruque M.R.I. 
Published: July 2015

A compact antenna is proposed using planar‐patterned metamaterial structures for ultra‐wideband applications. This antenna consists of four metamaterial unit cells that simultaneously show both negative permeability and negative permittivity on the triangular patch and three rectangular slots on the partial ground plane fed with a microstrip line. It has a wide bandwidth from 3.07 to 19.91 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <2 and an average gain of 5.62 dBi with a peak of 8.57 dBi because of using planar‐patterned metamaterial structures. Good agreement between computations and experiments is realised convincing that the antenna can operate over a wide bandwidth with planar‐patterned metamaterial structures and compact size (0.28λ × 0.19λ × 0.02λ).
GeneCOST: a novel scoring-based prioritization framework for identifying disease causing genes
Authors: Ozer Bugra , Sağıroğlu Mahmut , Demirci Hüseyin 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Summary: Due to the big data produced by next-generation sequencing studies, there is an evident need for methods to extract the valuable information gathered from these experiments. In this work, we propose GeneCOST, a novel scoring-based method to evaluate every gene for their disease association. Without any prior filtering and any prior knowledge, we assign a disease likelihood score to each gene in correspondence with their variations. Then, we rank all genes based on frequency, conservation, pedigree and detailed variation information to find out the causative reason of the disease state. We demonstrate the usage of GeneCOST with public and real life Mendelian disease cases including recessive, dominant, compound heterozygous and sporadic models. As a result, we were able to identify causative reason behind the disease state in top rankings of our list, proving that this novel prioritization framework provides a powerful environment for the analysis in genetic disease studies alternative to filtering-based approaches.
Availability and implementation: GeneCOST software is freely available at www.igbam.bilgem.tubitak.gov.tr/en/softwares/genecost-en/index.html.
Contact: buozer@gmail.com
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Quantifying AGN-driven metal-enhanced outflows in chemodynamical simulations
Authors: Taylor Philip , Kobayashi Chiaki 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We show the effects of AGN-driven outflows on the ejection of heavy elements using our cosmological simulations, where supermassive black holes originate from the first stars. In the most massive galaxy, we have identified two strong outflows unambiguously driven by active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. These outflows have a speed greater than ∼8000 km s−1 near the AGN, and travel out to a half Mpc with ∼3000 km s−1. These outflows remove the remaining gas (∼3 per cent of baryons) and significant amounts of metals (∼2 per cent of total produced metals) from the host galaxy, chemically enriching the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and the intergalactic medium (IGM). 17.6 per cent of metals from this galaxy, and 18.4 per cent of total produced metals in the simulation, end up in the CGM and IGM, respectively. The metallicities of the CGM and IGM are higher with AGN feedback, while the mass–metallicity relation of galaxies is not affected very much. We also find ‘selective’ mass-loss where iron is more effectively ejected than oxygen because of the time delay of Type Ia supernovae. AGN-driven outflows play an essential role not only in quenching of star formation in massive galaxies to match with observed downsizing phenomena, but also in a large-scale chemical enrichment in the Universe. Observational constraints of metallicities and elemental abundance ratios in outflows are important to test the modelling of AGN feedback in galaxy formation.
Crystal structure of 13-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-indazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-1,6,11(13H)-trione
Authors: Bouraiou Abdelmalek , Bouacida Sofiane , Merazig Hocine , Chibani Aissa , Bouaziz Zouhair 
Published: July 2015

In the title compound, C22H18N2O4, the three fused rings of the pyrazolophthalazine moiety are coplanar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.027 Å). The cyclohexene ring fused to the pyrazolidine ring, so forming the indazolophthalazine unit, has a half-chair conformation. The benzene ring is almost normal to the mean plane of the pyrazolophthalazine moiety, with a dihedral angle of 87.21 (6)° between their planes. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of C—H...O hydrogen bonds forming inversion dimers. The dimers are linkedviaC—H...π interactions, forming slabs parallel to (100). Between the slabs there are weak π–π interactions [shortest inter-centroid distance = 3.6664 (9) Å], leading to the formation of a three-dimensional structure.
Screening tools for autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Sappok Tanja , Heinrich Manuel , Underwood Lisa 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is important over the whole life span. Standardized instruments may support the assessment process. The purpose of this paper is to describe English- and German-screening tools for ASD.Design/methodology/approach– PubMed was used to search for published tools and evidence on their diagnostic validity.Findings– Searches identified 46 screening tools for ASD. Most are designed for children, while only few measures are available for adults, especially those with additional intellectual disabilities. Many instruments are under-researched, although a small number such as the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and the SCQ have been widely examined in a variety of populations.Originality/value– The study identified and described a number of ASD screeners that can support clinicians or researchers when deciding whether to carry out a more comprehensive ASD assessment.
A preliminary study of autism and cybercrime in the context of international law enforcement
Authors: Ledingham Rebecca , Mills Richard 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the association of cybercrime, autistic spectrum conditions and international law enforcement, the past decade having seen a significant growth in reported cybercrimes involving autistic individuals.

Design/methodology/approach
– Interest in the profile of autism and cybercrime and the pathways whereby such offences are committed is shared by key law-enforcement agencies worldwide. This was explored by literature review and survey.

Findings
– The authors identified a presence of persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders but no empirical evidence to suggest a prevalence or an over representation of autistic individuals committing cybercrime offences. At present profiling, pathways, and recording is under developed.

Research limitations/implications
– Paucity of literature on cybercrime and autism. Awareness of autism within law-enforcement agencies and the absence of key diagnostic and other data from the cross-section of agencies surveyed.

Practical implications
– Improve detection, diversion, profiling, risk and pathways into cybercrime.

Social implications
– Better prediction of risk of cybercrime and improved responses.

Originality/value
– Original paper believed to be the first to look at cybercrime and ASD in the context of international law enforcement.
What should services for people with autism look like?
Authors: Povey Carol 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the key components and approaches which contribute to good autism services.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper reviews some of the literature around quality of life in autism services and describes the approach taken by The National Autistic Society.

Findings
– There is minimal research to enable service providers to shape their services according to what is most important for people with autism. The SPELL framework used by The National Autistic Society provides an approach which can be adapted to individual needs. Good autism services need to be based on a sound and practical understanding of autism.

Practical implications
– People on the autism spectrum should be involved in determining what outcomes are most important to them, and services should then be based around those needs. Services therefore need to be individualised and person centred, underpinned by an in-depth knowledge and understanding of autism.

Originality/value
– This review highlights the importance of people being involved in determining what is important to them and how services which support them should be shaped and delivered.
Investor protection and market liquidity revisited
Authors: Shi Xiaofeng , Dempsey Michael , Duong Huu Nhan , Kalev Petko S. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to establish the relation between corporate governance – as represented by investor protection at both the legal and firm levels – and stock market liquidity.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper avails of the unique features of Hong Kong- and China-based stocks that are traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange so as to test whether differences between “common law” and “civil law” legal environments contribute to differences in stock liquidity. In addition, by constructing an internal corporate governance index score for each firm based on board size, board independence and information on the audit and remuneration committee, we document whether firms with better corporate governance scores have narrower spreads, greater depth and higher trading volumes.

Findings
– Overall, results provide support for a linkage between corporate governance issues – as investor rights protection at both the environment and firm protection levels – and stock market liquidity.

Research limitations/implications
– This paper recognizes that investor protection constitutes a single component of the desirability of investing in a firm’s stock. Nevertheless, it does appear to constitute an important component of a stock’s attractiveness.

Practical implications
– The practical implications are clear, namely, that good corporate governance of firms leads to their attractiveness as investment vehicles (for both the shorter and the longer terms).

Social implications
– The paper has clear social implications. In particular, the paper serves to highlight that prospects for enduring wealth creation are contingent on the safeguards accorded to the equity ownership of a firm’s stock.

Originality/value
– The originality lies in taking advantage of the unique features of the Chinese and Hong Kong firms on the Hong Kong Exchange, so as to examine the contrasting influences of common law and civil law on stock liquidity. Thus, the authors allow for the effects of corporate governance across the two legal environments (China and Hong Kong) to be compared and contrasted while maintaining other influences unchanged across Chinese and Hong Kong shares.
CEO social capital and contingency pay: a test of two perspectives
Authors: Fralich Russell , Fan Hong 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to provide greater understanding of how the composition of pay reduces agency cost to the shareholders by examining how firms pay their chief executive officers (CEOs). More specifically, this study examines the relationship between CEOs’ social capital, measured as external directorships, and their contingency pay, the proportion of their compensation that depends on achieving long-term performance goals.Design/methodology/approach– The authors use a panel sample of Standard & Poor 500 CEOs to test two contrasting theoretical perspectives. From a board perspective, boards attempt to retain executives with more social capital working longer for the firms to utilize executives’ social capital and pay them more in the form of contingency pay. The CEO power perspective argues that CEOs wield social capital as a form of power to lower contingency pay in an attempt at preserving wealth.Findings– CEO social capital does not exacerbate agency pressures. Boards reward the long-term benefits of social capital accumulated by CEOs through higher proportions of contingency pay.Research limitations/implications– The authors considered CEOs of well-capitalized, publicly-traded US-based firms. So the results may not generalizable to other contexts.Practical implications– Boards do recognize and reward CEOs for their social capital, and use higher levels of contingency pay to lock in CEOs with social capital.Originality/value– This is the first study to explicitly examine the impact of CEO social capital on both non-equity and equity compensation.
Directors’ role in inter-organizational networks
Authors: Caiazza Rosa , Simoni Michele 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to investigate if existing theories really explain interlocking directorates in several countries. Literature on interlocking directorates is huge and fragmented. Articles in the principal management and sociological journals easily number in the hundred. However, the question that still remains is if interlocking directorates are firm’s strategic choices or derivate phenomenon whose explanation comes from other drivers underestimated in literature.Design/methodology/approach– At the aim to fill literature gap, the authors realize a longitudinal and cross-national analysis of existing studies on interlocking directorates.Findings– The authors investigate if existing literature really explains interlocking directorates. Then, the authors offer new perspective for future researches.Originality/value– The paper offers new perspectives on interlocking directorates’ explanations.
The relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate reputation in a turbulent environment: Spanish evidence of the Ibex35 firms
Authors: Fernández Sánchez José Luis , Luna Sotorrío Ladislao , Baraibar Diez Elisa 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to provide more knowledge about the model to generate reputation and its relationship in the long term with companies’ strategy of social responsibility. Particularly, research is done to test whether there is a positive effect of firms’ social behaviour (corporate social responsibility [CSR]), analysing differences of intensity and consistency, on their corporate reputation (CR) and whether the current financial crisis is a factor that has changed the relationship between both variables (moderator factor).Design/methodology/approach– This study uses a sample of 26 Spanish large firms of the Ibex35 index and covers an eight-year period from 2004 to 2011. To test the hypotheses of this research, a fixed-effects model was estimated using moderating regression analysis.Findings– The results obtained show that, for the Spanish Ibex35 companies, CSR practices according to their consistency have a significant positive effect on CR and in turbulent environments, as in the current financial crisis, it has had a significant positive influence on the CSR-CR relationship.Originality/value– Although a substantial number of empirical studies have examined the relationship between firms’ strategy and their performance, only a few of them have analysed the impact of the external environment on this relationship, whereby there is a need for longitudinal studies with different economic scenarios to achieve better knowledge of the CSR–CR relationship.