bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of high mobility group box 1 and hypoxia in the migration of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Xie Hong‐Lei , Zhang Yi , Huang Yi‐Zhou , Li Shun , Wu Cheng‐Guang , Jiao Xue‐Feng , Tan Mei‐Yun , Huang Yong‐Can , Deng Li 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been increasingly offered for tissue regeneration with the premise that they can survive and thrive amidst the microenvironment of injured or degenerate tissues. The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and hypoxia in the proliferation and migration of rat bone marrow MSCs (rBM‐MSCs) has been investigated. First, the effect of HMGB1 on the proliferation of rBM‐MSCs was determined. Second, to evaluate the regulation of hypoxia and HMGB1 in the migration of rBM‐MSCs, cells in the wound healing model were exposed to four conditions: normoxia (20% O2) and complete medium, normoxia and HMGB1, hypoxia (1% O2) and complete medium, hypoxia and HMGB1. RT‐PCR and Western blotting were used to measure the expression of migration‐related genes and proteins. HMGB1 inhibited the proliferation of rBM‐MSCs; HMGB1 alone or together with hypoxia and promoted the migration of MSCs and upregulated the expression of HIF‐1α and SDF‐1. These results demonstrated that HMGB1 arrested the proliferation of rBM‐MSCs, but enhanced the migration of rBM‐MSCs which could be further improved by hypoxia. This study strengthens current understanding of the interaction between MSCs and the microenvironment of damaged tissues.
Studies on primary uveal and cutaneous melanoma cell interaction with vitronectin
Authors: Janik Marcelina Elżbieta , Lityńska Anna , Przybyło Małgorzata 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe have examined the diversity between primary uveal (92‐1 and Mel202) and cutaneous (FM55P and IGR‐39) melanoma cells in their interaction with vitronectin, and established the effect of integrins and β1,6‐branched N‐oligosaccharides on this process. The adhesion level of uveal melanoma cells to vitronectin was at least twice lower than that of cutaneous ones, but all cells tested repaired scratch wounds on vitronectin‐coated surfaces with similar speed. Swainsonine treatment, by reducing the amount of β1,6‐branches, significantly decreased cell attachment in all cases, but reduction of wound healing efficiency was compromised only in cutaneous melanoma cell. Functional blocking antibodies used in adhesion and migration assays revealed that integrin αvβ3 was strongly involved in adhesion and migration only in cutaneous melanoma cells, but its role here was less pronounced than that of integrin αvβ5. However, in uveal melanoma the specific anti‐αvβ5 integrin antibody had no impact on migration speed. Therefore, the anti‐α3β1 integrin antibody was used in order to explain the nature of uveal melanoma interaction with vitronectin, which caused a mild decrease in adhesion efficiency and reduced their motility. Expression of αvβ5 integrin differed between the cell lines, but there was no distinct pattern to distinguish uveal melanoma from cutaneous melanoma. In conclusion, αvβ5, but not αvβ3 integrin is heavily involved in uveal melanoma cell interaction with vitronectin. The role of β1,6‐branched N‐glycans in the adhesion, but not during migration, of all cells to vitronectin has been confirmed.
Isolation and propagation of neural stem cells in caprine (Capra hircus)
Authors: Agarwal Pranjali , Kumar Manish , Kumar Kuldeep , Singh Renu , Mahapatra Puspendra Saswat , Kumar Ajay , Bhure Sanjeev Kumar , Malakar Dhruba , Sarkar Mihir , Bag Sadhan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractNeural stem cells (NSCs) can self‐renew and give rise to neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes; they are found in the nervous system of mammalian organisms, representing a promising resource for both fundamental research and therapeutics. There have been few investigations on NSCs in the livestock species. Therefore, we have successfully isolated and characterised NSCs from the foetal brain of a small domestic animal, the goat (called GNSCs). These cells from the foetal brain showed self‐renewal, rapid proliferation with a population doubling time of 88 h, were morphologically homogeneous and maintained normal chromosome throughout the culture period. The cells expressed NSC‐specific markers (Sox2, Pax6 and Mushashi), but were negative for CD34 and CD45. They were capable of multi‐differentiation into neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, as well as adipocytes and osteocytes. The availability of such cells may hold great interest for basic and applied neuroscience.
Selection and demographic history shape the molecular evolution of the gamete compatibility protein bindin in Pisaster sea stars
Authors: Popovic Iva , Marko Peter B. , Wares John P. , Hart Michael W. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractReproductive compatibility proteins have been shown to evolve rapidly under positive selection leading to reproductive isolation, despite the potential homogenizing effects of gene flow. This process has been implicated in both primary divergence among conspecific populations and reinforcement during secondary contact; however, these two selective regimes can be difficult to discriminate from each other. Here, we describe the gene that encodes the gamete compatibility protein bindin for three sea star species in the genus Pisaster. First, we compare the full‐length bindin‐coding sequence among all three species and analyze the evolutionary relationships between the repetitive domains of the variable second bindin exon. The comparison suggests that concerted evolution of repetitive domains has an effect on bindin divergence among species and bindin variation within species. Second, we characterize population variation in the second bindin exon of two species: We show that positive selection acts on bindin variation in Pisaster ochraceus but not in Pisaster brevispinus, which is consistent with higher polyspermy risk in P. ochraceus. Third, we show that there is no significant genetic differentiation among populations and no apparent effect of sympatry with congeners that would suggest selection based on reinforcement. Fourth, we combine bindin and cytochrome c oxidase 1 data in isolation‐with‐migration models to estimate gene flow parameter values and explore the historical demographic context of our positive selection results. Our findings suggest that positive selection on bindin divergence among P. ochraceus alleles can be accounted for in part by relatively recent northward population expansions that may be coupled with the potential homogenizing effects of concerted evolution.
1,2,3‐Triazole in Heterocyclic Compounds, Endowed with Biological Activity, through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions
Authors: Lauria Antonino , Delisi Riccardo , Mingoia Francesco , Terenzi Alessio , Martorana Annamaria , Barone Giampaolo , Almerico Anna Maria 
Published: March 2014

Abstract1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition reactions can be considered a powerful synthetic tool in the building of heterocyclic rings, with applications in different fields. In this review we focus on the synthesis of biologically active compounds possessing the 1,2,3‐triazole core through 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions. The 1,2,3‐triazole skeleton can be present as a single disubstituted ring, as a linker between two molecules, or embedded in a polyheterocycle. The cycloaddition reactions are usually catalysed by copper or ruthenium. Domino reactions can be achieved through dipolarophile anion formation, generally followed by cyclisation. The variety of attainable heterocyclic structures gives an illustration of the importance of the 1,2,3‐triazole core in medicinal chemistry.
Brain networks disconnection in early multiple sclerosis cognitive deficits: An anatomofunctional study
Authors: Louapre Céline , Perlbarg Vincent , García‐Lorenzo Daniel , Urbanski Marika , Benali Habib , Assouad Rana , Galanaud Damien , Freeman Léorah , Bodini Benedetta , Papeix Caroline , Tourbah Ayman , Lubetzki Catherine , Lehéricy Stéphane , Stankoff Bruno 
Published: March 2014

AbstractSevere cognitive impairment involving multiple cognitive domains can occur early during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated resting state functional connectivity changes in large‐scale brain networks and related structural damage underlying cognitive dysfunction in patients with early MS. Patients with relapsing MS (3–5 years disease duration) were prospectively assigned to two groups based on a standardized neuropsychological evaluation: (1) cognitively impaired group (CI group, n = 15), with abnormal performances in at least 3 tests; (2) cognitively preserved group (CP group, n = 20) with normal performances in all tests. Patients and age‐matched healthy controls underwent a multimodal 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including anatomical T1 and T2 images, diffusion imaging and resting state functional MRI. Structural MRI analysis revealed that CI patients had a higher white matter lesion load compared to CP and a more severe atrophy in gray matter regions highly connected to networks involved in cognition. Functional connectivity measured by integration was increased in CP patients versus controls in attentional networks (ATT), while integration was decreased in CI patients compared to CP both in the default mode network (DMN) and ATT. An anatomofunctional study within the DMN revealed that functional connectivity was mostly altered between the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in CI patients compared to CP and controls. In a multilinear regression model, functional correlation between MPFC and PCC was best predicted by PCC atrophy. Disconnection in the DMN and ATT networks may deprive the brain of compensatory mechanisms required to face widespread structural damage. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4706–4717, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Scaffolding High School Students’ Reading of Complex Texts Using Linked Text Sets
Authors: Elish‐Piper Laurie , Wold Linda S. , Schwingendorf Kathy 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLinked text sets (LTS) offer a promising approach to bring together adolescent students and complex texts, such as those required by the Common Core State Standards, using strategic scaffolding. LTS include a variety of print and media texts that address a guiding question that is meaningful to students such as, “Why is growing up so difficult?” The LTS approach is organized around three phases: Engagement, Exploration, and Expansion. As students progress through the phases, they are able to build their interest, background knowledge, and strategies so they will be ready to read target complex texts. This manuscript illustrates LTS in action in a tenth grade ELA class using a wide variety of print and media texts including the adolescent novel, Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes and the canonical novel, To Kill a Mockingbird as target complex texts.
Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Long Teng , Liu Yu‐Tai , Tang Sha , Sun Jin‐Liang , Guo Ya‐Ping , Zhu Zhen‐An 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPorous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert. To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs). HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals. The scanning electron microscopy images indicate that PCFFs are uniformly covered with elongated HA nanoplates and chitosan, and the macropores in PCFFs still remain. Interestingly, the calcium‐deficient HA crystals exist as plate‐like shapes with thickness of 10–18 nm, width of 30–40 nm, and length of 80–120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite. The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology. As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings. HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone‐like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells. Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1740–1748, 2014.
18β‐glycyrrhetinic acid attenuates anandamide‐induced adiposity and high‐fat diet induced obesity
Authors: Park Miyoung , Lee Ji‐Hae , Choi Jin Kyu , Hong Yong Deog , Bae Il‐Hong , Lim Kyung‐Min , Park Young‐Ho , Ha Hunjoo 
Published: March 2014

ScopePrevious reports suggest that licorice extract has various metabolically beneficial effects and may help to alleviate adiposity and hyperlipidemia. However, underlying anti‐obesity mechanisms still remain elusive. Moreover, it is unknown which single ingredient in licorice extract would mediate such effects. We aimed to demonstrate that licorice extract and its active ingredients can inhibit adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation.Methods and results18β‐glycyrrhetinic acid (18β‐GA) alleviated the effects of CB1R agonist, anandamide (AEA) on CB1R signaling in a concentration‐dependent manner. Consistently, 18β‐GA suppressed AEA‐induced adipocyte differentiation in 3T3‐L1 cells through the downregulation of AEA‐induced MAPK activation and expression of adipogenic genes including C/EBP‐α and PPAR‐γ. The protein levels of fatty acid synthase and stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 were also decreased and the phosphorylation of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase was increased in 18β‐GA pretreated cells. The supplementation of 18β‐GA significantly lowered body weight, fat weight, and plasma lipids levels in obese animal models.ConclusionThese results may provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanism involved in anti‐adipogenic and anti‐obesity effects of 18β‐GA by suppressing the activation of CB1R induced by AEA. Thus, 18β‐GA may exert beneficial effects against obesity‐related metabolic disorders.
Overfeeding increases postprandial endotoxemia in men: Inflammatory outcome may depend on LPS transporters LBP and sCD14
Authors: Laugerette Fabienne , Alligier Maud , Bastard Jean‐Philippe , Drai Jocelyne , Chanséaume Emilie , Lambert‐Porcheron Stéphanie , Laville Martine , Morio Béatrice , Vidal Hubert , Michalski Marie‐Caroline 
Published: March 2014

ScopeLow‐grade inflammation is a recognized hallmark of obesity. Endotoxins absorbed after high‐fat meals have recently been implicated. Plasma lipopolysaccharides binding protein (LBP) and soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) have also been suggested as clinical markers of endotoxemia. In mice, the ratio LBP/sCD14 has been associated with high fat diet induced inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that healthy subjects develop inflammation differently during weight gain according to changes of LBP/sCD14 ratio.Methods and resultsEighteen healthy men were overfed during 8 wk (+760 kcal/day). Endotoxemia, sCD14, LBP, and IL‐6 were measured before and after overfeeding (OF) at fasting (n = 18) and postprandially (subcohort, n = 8). OF did not modify fasting IL‐6 but increased the LBP/sCD14 ratio (P = 0.017). Subjects were categorized into tertiles for LBP/sCD14 ratio variation. Subjects in the highest tertile (+90% LBP/sCD14) increased plasma IL‐6 (+26%) versus the lowest tertile due to a decrease of sCD14 associated with high LBP. The postprandial accumulation of endotoxins increased after OF (+160%). However, only four responding subjects presented increased postprandial IL‐6 accumulation.ConclusionOF increases postprandial endotoxemia but the inflammatory outcome may be modulated by endotoxin handling in plasma. This study supports a new concept whereby inflammation setup during the initial phase of weight gain is linked to the relative variations of LBP and sCD14.
Fermi‐level pinning by carrier com‐ pensating midgap donor defect band in homoepitaxially grown p‐type ZnO by MBE
Authors: Masamoto T. , Noda K. , Maejima T. , Natsume R. , Matsuo T. , Akiyama A. , Yukue T. , Hiroe S. , Abe T. , Kasada H. , Harada Y. , Ando K. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe have performed homoepitaxial MBE growth of nitrogen (N) ‐doped ZnO and studied the postanneal effect on electrical conduction properties. A rapid postanneal after MBE growth is found to enhance the donor–acceptor (D–A) pair emission intensity, converting from n‐type (as‐grown) to p‐type conduction. The p‐type ZnO showed extremely high resistivity (>103 Ω cm) at room temperature. Carrier‐compensating donor‐like defects in N‐doped ZnO were traced by using PPC (persistent photocurrent), which is coupled with in situ Hall effect measurements. It is found that highly resistive p‐ZnO includes a high density of metastable donor‐like defects forming a deep donor band in the midgap region. This midgap donor band plays a role in Fermi‐level pinning at around the midgap position, resulting in high resistivity. Based on X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy experiments one possible origin of the deep donor band is introduced as nitrogen molecule (N2(o)) defects locating at the O atomic site. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Wide‐range visible luminescence of ZnCdSe/BeZnTe type‐II superlattices grown on InP substrates
Authors: Murakami Keisuke , Nomura Ichirou , Kobayashi Toshiki , Shiraishi Tomohiro , Takamatsu Shingo , Kishino Katsumi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of ZnCdSe/BeZnTe type‐II superlattices (SLs) with various thickness combinations of ZnCdSe and BeZnTe layers were investigated at room temperature. High PL peak intensities that were comparable to those of other direct‐bandgap materials, such as BeZnSeTe, were obtained. The PL peak wavelength was widely controlled from 508 to 739 nm by changing the layer thickness combination (ZnCdSe/BeZnTe) from 1 monolayer (ML)/5 ML to 6 ML/5 ML. The peak wavelengths were evaluated by comparison with theoretical values. Three‐primary‐color luminescence with PL peaks of 506, 530, and 617 nm was demonstrated for the SL sample with three types of monolithically stacked SLs with different layer thickness combinations (i.e., 1 ML/5 ML, 2 ML/5 ML, and 5 ML/5 ML). (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermomagnetic and structural analysis of as‐quenched Ni49Co1Mn37Sn13
Authors: Louidi S. , Suñol J. J. , Bachaga T. , González‐Legarreta L. , Rosa W. O. , Hernando B. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIt is known that Co substitution in magnetic shape memory Ni‐Mn‐Sn alloys produces changes in their thermomagnetic behaviour. In this work, the Ni49Co1 Mn37Sn13 alloy was obtained by melt spinning in ribbon shape. The ribbon flakes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). SEM micrographs indicate the formation of textured ribbons with columnar grains growing up perpendicular to the ribbons plane. The crystallographic structure of the sample at room temperature is the Heusler L21. DSC cyclic scans reveal the martensitic transformation on cooling and the reverse austenitic transformation on heating below room temperature. The application of a magnetic field produces a decrease in the transformation temperatures. The small amount of Co addition increases the Curie temperature of austenite. These facts suggest that the structural and magnetic phase transformation temperatures of the ribbons could be tuned to the desired functional temperature by controlling the applied magnetic field as well as the cobalt amount. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electronic and magnetic properties of high‐pressure phases in the systems Mn–GaSb and Cr–GaSb
Authors: Magnitskaya Maria , Kulatov Erkin , Baturin Vladimir , Uspenskii Yurii 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAb initio study is reported on the electronic and magnetic properties of high‐pressure‐synthesized compounds M GaSb and M Ga2Sb2 (M = Mn, Cr). Based on comparison of obtained results, we discuss trends in the properties of these systems under change of 3d constituent. It is shown that CrGa2Sb2 stands out among the other compounds due to peculiarities of its electronic structure, which lead to very low and anisotropic conductivity. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biocompatible iron oxide/porous silicon nanocomposite with tunable magnetic properties
Authors: Granitzer P. , Rumpf K. , Poelt P. , Reissner M. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles of 5 and 8 nm in size have been infiltrated into the pores of porous silicon. The aim is to create a superparamagnetic (SPM) nanocomposite system with maximized magnetic field induced moment. Therefore the particle size versus the superparamagnetic behaviour has been figured out. The blocking temperature TB which indicates the transition between superparamagnetic behaviour and blocked state is not only dependent on the particle size but also on the magnetic interactions between them which can be varied by the distance between the particles. The magnetic behavior of the nanocomposite has been examined with regard to the magnetic interactions between the particles within the pores. Dependent on the size but also the distance between the particles, which has been adjusted by the various concentrations, TB has been shifted. Furthermore the modification of the porous silicon template results in a change of the transition temperature due to the variation of the particle distance of adjacent pores. To fabricate distinct composite systems suitable in biomedicine the porous silicon template as well as the loading of the pores with the particles has to be adjusted. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Scaling up the production of magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications: cost‐effective fabrication from basalts
Authors: Martinez‐Boubeta C. , Simeonidis K. , Amarantidis St. , Angelakeris M. , Balcells L. , Monty C. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe report here the first results on magnetic nanoparticles fabricated from basalt fragments of the eruption that took place in Lanzarote (Canary Islands) between 1730 and 1736, to be used in technologies of biomedicine. This approach was inspired by the strong and extremely stable remanent magnetization of slowly cooled rocks from basaltic lavas containing finely members of the hematite–ilmenite (Fe2O3–FeTiO3) series. Besides, the presence of titanium may promote good biocompatibility and an adequate corrosion resistance, as it does in prosthesis. The green, simple, fast, and cost‐effective synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles was attempted using solar vapor‐phase condensation. This technique allows the preparation of large volumes of nanoparticles presenting a narrow particle size distribution without purification steps. Alternatively, high‐energy ball‐milling of rock powder in the presence of organic surfactants was also studied as a potential method to produce, in a one‐step approach, large quantities of nanostructured particles for biomedical applications. As a proof of concept, we explore these materials as candidates to be used in hyperthermia therapy, which promotes selective necrosis of cancer cells by raising the temperature of the tissue slightly above 43 ºC. Results are correlated to their chemical and structural properties and compared to initial igneous rock characteristics. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)