bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Septic Cardiomyopathy in Critically Ill Children: A Narrative Review
Authors: Chan J. Charmaine , Menon Anuradha P. , Rotta Alexandre T. , Choo Jonathan T.L. , Hornik Christoph P. , Lee Jan Hau 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES:
In critically ill children with severe sepsis, septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) denotes the subset of patients who have myocardial dysfunction with poor response to fluid and inotropic support, and higher mortality risk. The objective of this review was to evaluate the role of speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in the diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric SCM in the PICU setting.

DATA SOURCES:
We performed detailed searches using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Reference lists of all included studies were also examined for further identification of potentially relevant studies.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies with the following medical subject headings and keywords were selected: speckle-tracking echocardiography, strain imaging, global longitudinal strain, echocardiography, sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock, septic cardiomyopathy, and myocardial dysfunction.

DATA EXTRACTION:
The following data were extracted from all included studies: demographics, diagnoses, echocardiographic parameters, severity of illness, PICU management, and outcomes.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
STE is a relatively new echocardiographic technique that directly quantifies myocardial contractility. It has high sensitivity in diagnosing SCM, correlates well with illness severity, and has good prognosticating value as compared with conventional echocardiographic parameters. Further studies are required to establish its role in evaluating biventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and to investigate whether it has a role in individualizing treatment and improving treatment outcomes in this group of patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
STE is a useful adjunct to conventional measures of cardiac function on 2D-echocardiography in the assessment of pediatric SCM in the PICU.
A systematic review of the role of TREM2 in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yin Yunsi , Yang Hanchen , Li Ruiyang , Wu Guangshan , Qin Qi , Tang Yi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Given the established genetic linkage between triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an expanding research body has delved into the intricate role of TREM2 within the AD context. However, a conflicting landscape of outcomes has emerged from both in vivo and in vitro investigations. This study aimed to elucidate the multifaceted nuances and gain a clearer comprehension of the role of TREM2.

Methods:
PubMed database was searched spanning from its inception to January 2022. The search criteria took the form of (“Alzheimer’s disease” OR “AD”) AND (“transgenic mice model” OR “transgenic mouse model”) AND (“Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells” OR “TREM2”). Inclusion criteria consisted of the following: (1) publication of original studies in English; (2) utilization of transgenic mouse models for AD research; and (3) reports addressing the subject of TREM2.

Results:
A total of 43 eligible articles were identified. Our analysis addresses four pivotal queries concerning the interrelation of TREM2 with microglial function, Aβ accumulation, tau pathology, and inflammatory processes. However, the diverse inquiries posed yielded inconsistent responses. Nevertheless, the inconsistent roles of TREM2 within these AD mouse models potentially hinge upon factors such as age, sex, brain region, model type, and detection methodologies.

Conclusions:
This review substantiates the evolving understanding of TREM2’s disease progression-dependent impacts. Furthermore, it reviews the interplay between TREM2 and its effects across diverse tissues and temporal stages.
Healthcare provider and patient perspectives on the implementation of pharmacogenetic-guided treatment in routine clinical practice
Authors: Kaur Gurveer , Nwabufo Chukwunonso K. 
Published: June 2024

Objective
This study aims to understand patient and healthcare provider perspectives on the integration and application of pharmacogenetics (PGx) testing in routine clinical practice.

Methods
Two anonymous online surveys were distributed globally for healthcare providers and patients respectively on the Qualtrics platform (version 3.24). The surveys were distributed through social platforms, email, and posters with QR codes from 27 October 2023 to 7 March 2024. The surveys evaluated participant familiarity with PGx, previous experience with PGx testing, perceived implementation challenges, and opinions on point-of-care (PoC) PGx testing devices.

Results
This study collected 78 responses from healthcare providers and 98 responses from patients. The results revealed that 64% of healthcare providers had some level of familiarity with PGx, however, PGx testing in clinical practice was low. The primary challenges identified by healthcare providers included limited access to testing and lack of knowledge on PGx test interpretation. In contrast, 52% of patient respondents were aware of PGx testing, with a significant association between awareness and positive opinions toward PGx. Both healthcare providers and patients recognized the value of PoC PGx testing devices, with 98% of healthcare providers and 71% of patients believing PoC devices would improve the accessibility and implementation of PGx testing. Comparative analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in PGx awareness between healthcare providers and patients, with providers being more informed.

Conclusion
Improved PGx awareness, training, clinical guidelines, and PoC PGx testing devices may help promote the implementation of PGx-guided treatments in routine clinical practice.
Development and Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Ultraviolet Detection Method for Quantification of Bictegravir in Human Plasma
Authors: Xiao Ran , Fu Qiang , Chen Ling , Li Taisheng , Du Xiaoli 
Published: June 2024

Background:
To establish a method for determining the bictegravir (BIC) concentration in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection.

Methods:
The analysis was performed on a CLC-octadecylsilane column (150 × 6.0 mm, 5 μm) using a mixture of phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (62:38, v/v) as the mobile phase at the flow rate of 1.4 mL/min. The column temperature was maintained at 40°C. Using triamcinolone acetonide as the internal standard, 100 μL of plasma sample was extracted by methyl tert-butyl ether, followed by evaporating under nitrogen stream, redissolving with 100 μL mobile phase, and injection of 20–40 μL of supernatant into the chromatographic system. Ultraviolet detection was performed at 260 nm, and the total run time for each sample was 14 minutes.

Results:
The method exhibited good linearity within the range from 0.10 to 10.0 mcg/mL (r = 0.9995, n = 5). The intraday and interday relative standard deviations for low-, medium-, and high-concentration quality control samples (0.20, 4.00, 8.00 mcg/mL) and the lower limit of quantification (0.10 mcg/mL) were 1.31%–6.20% (n = 10) and 1.18%–2.87% (n = 5), respectively. The intraday and interday accuracies were 100.53%–102.32% and 97.96%–103.84%, respectively. The extraction recovery rates ranged from 80.00% to 88.09% (n = 3). The stability tests showed that the BIC concentration changed by <15%.

Conclusions:
This study successfully established a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection method for determining plasma BIC concentrations. This method is simple, selective, sensitive, and accurate, making it suitable for clinical monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies of BIC.
A Novel Approach to Safe Patient Handling and Mobility Training in Physical Therapist Education
Authors: Tautonico Michael , Voltmer Christopher , Lee Timothy , DiCandia Erin , Silberman Nicki 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) training is prevalent in health care education and practice. However, there is limited evidence of this training in physical therapist education programs.

Purpose:
To determine if a single training session with a mobile laboratory equipped with SPHM equipment increases the knowledge of SPHM principles and techniques and is valuable to students prior to their first clinical experience.

Methods:
Training included a 1-hour lecture on SPHM principles, research, and techniques, followed by two 50-minute SPHM practice stations. One session was conducted using a mobile laboratory. Students completed a pretest/posttest measuring knowledge of SPHM principles. Students completed a survey regarding the perception and placement of SPHM training within the curriculum.

Results:
A total of 129 students in a physical therapist education program were invited to participate; 59 from first-year cohorts and 70 from second- and third-year cohorts. Eighty-seven students volunteered to participate, including all 59 students from the first-year cohorts receiving training as the experimental group, and 28 from the other cohorts receiving no training as the control group. Seventy students met the criteria for survey data analysis; 42 experimental and 28 control. Of those who received training, 90.5% reported that SPHM training improved their confidence prior to their inpatient clinical experience; 85.5% in the control group would have felt more confident being placed in an inpatient facility if they received SPHM training, and 85.7% of the experimental group and 89.3% of controls agreed that SPHM training should be performed prior to the first clinical experience. A paired t test showed that first-year students reported a statistically significant increase in knowledge of SPHM principles (P < .001).

Conclusions:
Physical therapist education programs should consider SPHM training prior to students’ first clinical experience to increase student confidence in inpatient settings.
Development of a set of measurable outcome indicators for Flemish patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Fierens Liselotte , Bossuyt Peter , Baert Filip , Baert Didier , Weltens Caroline , Lavaerts Marga , Vanhaecht Kris , Rademakers Frank E. ,   The HERMES Expert Panel, The VznkuL Group, Ferrante Marc 
Published: June 2024

Objective
Uniform and standardised quality measurement allows care assessment and improvement. Following a pragmatic consensus method we aimed to agree on a selection of measurable quality indicators that can be used to assess, benchmark and gradually improve inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care in Flanders.

Methods
Of 49 structures, 135 processes and 37 outcome indicators identified through literature, 58 were preselected and reformulated into measurable outcome indicators by four IBD physicians. A larger expert group scored the 58 indicators on a 10-point importance scale twice, endorsed by patient and expert perspectives in between rounds. Additional items could be suggested. A final selection and subset of indicators with room for improvement were agreed upon during a consensus meeting.

Results
Fifty indicators received an importance score of 7 or higher by ≥80% of the participants (seven IBD nurses, one abdominal surgeon, one chief medical officer and 31 IBD physicians including two paediatricians). Eight indicators scored highly important by 60–80%, two indicators reintroduced by patients and one newly suggested, were discussed during the consensus meeting. Among 26 participants, eight indicators were agreed to be added to the final selection. Of the 58 selected items, 19 were retained in the improvement subset, related to patient-reported outcomes, use of hospital services and survival, patient characteristics, monitoring of disease activity and remission, endoscopy guidelines, infection prevention, steroid and other medication use.

Conclusion
Fifty-eight indicators were selected to assess IBD care in Flanders and a subset of 19 for use in clinical practice to steer quality improvement initiatives.
False-Positive Bone Lesion With Different PET/CT Tracers
Authors: Moreau Aurélie , Pretet Valentin , Kryza David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Collateral circulation is often secondary to a regional thrombosis. This phenomenon can lead to the detection of misleading bone lesions on imaging and is a well-known source of false-positives. Here, we present 2 different tracers PET/CT images, 18F-FDG and 18F-choline, with collateral circulation but without obvious thrombosis. Both cases displayed bone uptake, which mimicked metastasis. However, clinical follow-up ruled out metastasis and revealed false-positive bone lesions related to collateral circulation, even in the lack of acute or chronic underlying thrombotic processes.
Increased 68Ga-FAPI-04 Uptake in Meningioma
Authors: Önner Hasan , Özer Halil , Gezer Burak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A 65-year-old woman with long-standing symptoms of COVID-19 participated in our clinical study on the role of 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in pulmonary fibrosis. Neither sequela parenchymal changes nor 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake was observed in the lungs. However, focal 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake was localized in a smoothly circumscribed mass observed in the right frontal region. A meningioma diagnosis was made based on the radiological findings.
Invasive ants fed spinosad collectively recruit to known food faster yet individually abandon food earlier
Authors: Galante Henrique , Forster Moritz , Werneke Cosmina , Czaczkes Tomer J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCurrent management strategies applied to invasive ants rely on slow-acting insecticides which aim to delay the ant’s ability to detect the poison until its effects are noticeable. Despite this, most control efforts are unsuccessful, likely due to bait abandonment and insufficient sustained consumption. Conditioned taste aversion, a learned avoidance of a particular taste, is a crucial survival mechanism which prevents animals from repeatedly ingesting toxic substances. However, whether ants are capable of this delayed association between food taste and subsequent illness remains largely unexplored. Here, we exposed colonies of the highly invasive Argentine ant,Linepithema humile, to a sublethal dose of the slow-acting insecticide spinosad. We combined measurements of individual-level feeding patterns with quantification of collective preferences and foraging dynamics to investigate the potential effects of the toxicant on behaviour. Collectively, ants preferred an odour associated with a previously experienced food, even if this contained spinosad, over a novel one. However, at the individual-level, previous exposure to spinosad resulted in reduced food consumption, as a consequence of earlier food abandonment. Moreover, while control-treated colonies recruited slower to a food source which tasted like a previously experienced one, spinosad-exposed colonies recruited equally fast to both novel and familiar foods. Although it appears that ants are unable to develop a conditioned taste aversion to sublethal doses of spinosad, ingestion of even small amounts of the toxicant strongly influences foraging behaviour. Understanding the subtle effects of slow-acting pesticides on ant cognition and behaviour can ultimately inspire the development of more efficient control methodologies.
A broadly-neutralizing antibody againstEbolavirusglycoprotein that potentiates the breadth and neutralization potency of other antibodies
Authors: Donnellan Francesca R. , Rayaprolu Vamseedhar , Rijal Pramila , O’Dowd Victoria , Parvate Amar , Callaway Heather , Hariharan Chitra , Parekh Dipti , Hui Sean , Shaffer Kelly , Avalos Ruben Diaz , Hastie Kathryn , Schimanski Lisa , Müller-Kräuter Helena , Strecker Thomas , Balaram Ariane , Halfmann Peter , Saphire Erica Ollmann , Lightwood Daniel J. , Townsend Alain R. , Draper Simon J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEbolavirus disease (EVD) is caused by multiple species ofEbolavirus. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the virus glycoprotein (GP) are the only class of therapeutic approved for treatment of EVD caused byZaire ebolavirus(EBOV). Therefore, mAbs targeting multipleEbolavirusspecies may represent the next generation of EVD therapeutics. Broadly reactive anti-GP mAbs were produced; among these, mAbs 11886 and 11883 were broadly neutralizingin vitro. A 3.0 Å cryo-electron microscopy structure of EBOV GP bound to both mAbs shows that 11886 binds a novel epitope bridging the glycan cap (GC), 310pocket and GP2 N-terminus, whereas 11883 binds the receptor binding region (RBR) and GC.In vitro, 11886 synergized with a range of mAbs with epitope specificities spanning the RBR/GC, including 11883. Notably, 11886 increased the breadth of neutralization by partner mAbs against differentEbolavirusspecies. These data provide a strategic route to design improved mAb-based next-generation EVD therapeutics.
Consortium Profile: The Methylation, Imaging and NeuroDevelopment (MIND) Consortium
Authors: Schuurmans Isabel K. , Mulder Rosa H. , Baltramonaityte Vilte , Lahtinen Alexandra , Qiuyu Fan , Rothmann Leonardo Melo , Staginnus Marlene , Tuulari Jetro , Alexandra Burt S. , Buss Claudia , Craig Jeffrey M. , Donald Kirsten A. , Felix Janine F. , Freeman Tom P. , Grassi-Oliveira Rodrigo , Huels Anke , Hyde Luke W. , Jones Scott A. , Karlsson Hasse , Karlsson Linnea , Koen Nastassja , Lawn Will , Mitchell Colter , Monk Christopher S. , Mooney Michael A. , Muetzel Ryan , Nigg Joel T. , Belangero Síntia Iole Nogueira , Notterman Daniel , O’Connor Tom , O’Donnell Kieran J. , Pan Pedro Mario , Paunio Tiina , Ryabinin Peter , Saffery Richard , Salum Giovanni A. , Seal Marc , Silk Tim J. , Stein Dan J. , Zar Heather , Walton Esther , Cecil Charlotte A. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEpigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation, show potential as biological markers and mechanisms underlying gene-environment interplay in the prediction of mental health and other brain-based phenotypes. However, little is known about how peripheral epigenetic patterns relate to individual differences in the brain itself. An increasingly popular approach to address this is by combining epigenetic and neuroimaging data; yet, research in this area is almost entirely comprised of cross-sectional studies in adults. To bridge this gap, we established the Methylation, Imaging and NeuroDevelopment (MIND) Consortium, which aims to bring a developmental focus to the emerging field of Neuroimaging Epigenetics by (i) promoting collaborative, adequately powered developmental research via multi-cohort analyses; (ii) increasing scientific rigor through the establishment of shared pipelines and open science practices; and (iii) advancing our understanding of DNA methylation-brain dynamics at different developmental periods (from birth to emerging adulthood), by leveraging data from prospective, longitudinal pediatric studies. MIND currently integrates 15 cohorts worldwide, comprising (repeated) measures of DNA methylation in peripheral tissues (blood, buccal cells, and saliva) and neuroimaging by magnetic resonance imaging across up to five time points over a period of up to 21 years (Npooled DNAm= 11,299; Npooled neuroimaging= 10,133; Npooled combined= 4,914). By triangulating associations across multiple developmental time points and study types, we hope to generate new insights into the dynamic relationships between peripheral DNA methylation and the brain, and how these ultimately relate to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric phenotypes.
Characterizing putative glycosyltransferases within the flagella glycosylation island (FGI) ofAeromonas hydrophilaATCC 7966T
Authors: Fulton Kelly M. , Mendoza-Barberà Elena , Tomás Juan M. , Twine Susan M. , Smith Jeffrey C. , Merino Susana 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTMotility is an important virulence factor for many pathogenic bacteria, enabling locomotion towards favourable conditions and away from hostile environments. Flagellar-mediated motility is driven by one or more flagellar filaments that extend outside of the cell and rapidly rotate to generate movement. These filaments are assembled through the polymerization of thousands of copies of structural flagellin proteins. It has been shown that flagellin glycosylation is often a prerequisite for proper flagella structure and function.Aeromonas hydrophilaATCC 7966T, a clinical and environmental pathogen, elaborates a single polar flagellum. The polar flagellin structural proteins FlaA and FlaB are glycosylated with a heterologous collection of complex penta- and hexa-saccharide chains. This study characterized the involvement of four genes with homology to known glycosyltransferases located within theA. hydrophilaATCC 7966Tflagellar glycosylation island (FGI) in the biosynthesis of the complex polysaccharide glycans modifying the polar flagellins. Deletion of genesAHA_4167,AHA_4169,AHA_4170, andAHA_4171were observed to have truncated glycans with sequentially shorter chain length, and all of these mutant strains had reduced motility compared to wild type bacteria.
Rock2heterozygosity improves cognitive behavior and endothelial function in a mouse model of 16p11.2 deletion autism syndrome
Authors: Ouellette Julie , Lacoste Baptiste 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTRho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase-2 (ROCK2) is a critical player in many cellular processes and has been incriminated in cardiovascular and neurological conditions. Recent evidence has shown that non-selective pharmacological ROCK inhibition ameliorates behavioral alterations in an autism mouse model of 16p11.2 haploinsufficiency. We had also revealed that 16p11.2-deficient mice display cerebrovascular abnormalities, including endothelial dysfunction. To investigate whether genetic blockage of ROCK2 also exerts beneficial effects on cognition and angiogenesis, we generated mice with both 16p11.2 and ROCK2 haploinsufficiency (16p11.2df/+;Rock2+/-). We find thatRock2heterozygosity on a16p11.2df/+background rescues recognition memory and slightly reduces repetitive behaviors. Furthermore, brain endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from16p11.2df/+;Rock2+/-mice display improved angiogenic capacity compared to ECs from16p11.2df/+littermates. Overall, this study implicatesRock2gene as a critical modulator in 16p11.2-associated alterations, highlighting its potential as a target for treatment of autism spectrum disorders.
Flight control system design of UAV with wing incidence angle simultaneously and stochastically varied
Authors: Uzun Metin 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to simultaneously and stochastically maximize autonomous flight performance of a variable wing incidence angle having an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and its flight control system (FCS) design.

Design/methodology/approach
A small UAV is produced in Iskenderun Technical University Drone Laboratory. Its wing incidence angle is able to change before UAV flight. FCS parameters and wing incidence angle are simultaneously and stochastically designed to maximize autonomous flight performance using an optimization method named simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation. Obtained results are also benefitted during UAV flight simulations.

Findings
Applying simultaneous and stochastic design approach for a UAV having passively morphing wing incidence angle and its flight control system, autonomous flight performance is maximized.

Research limitations/implications
Permission of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation in Turkish Republic is necessary for real-time flights.

Practical implications
Simultaneous stochastic variable wing incidence angle having UAV and its flight control system design approach is so useful for maximizing UAV autonomous flight performance.

Social implications
Simultaneous stochastic variable wing incidence angle having UAV and its flight control system design methodology succeeds confidence, excellent autonomous performance index and practical service interests of UAV users.

Originality/value
Creating an innovative method to recover autonomous flight performance of a UAV and generating an innovative procedure carrying out simultaneous stochastic variable wing incidence angle having UAV and its flight control system design idea.