bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in intensive care units at a university hospital in Turkey
Authors: Keten Derya , Aktas Firdevs , Guzel Tunccan Ozlem , Dizbay Murat , Kalkanci Ayse , Biter Gülsah , Keten Hamit Sirri 
Published: January 2015

In this study, urinary catheter utilization rates, the causative agents for catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) and their antimicrobial susceptibilities in intensive care units (ICUs) in 2009 were investigated at Gazi university hospital. We aimed to determine the causative agents and risk factors for CAUTIs, and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the pathogens; and also sensitivities of Candida spp. to antifungal agents with Microdilution and E-test. The most common etiological agents of CAUTIs were Candida spp. (34.7%). The most frequently isolated Candida spp. was C.albicans (52.4%). All C. albicans spp. were sensitive to fluconazole. Microdilution, used as a reference method to determine the sensitivity to antifungal agents, was compared with E test. E test was found to be sufficient to analyze sensitivity to amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole and voriconazole, but inappropriate for itraconazole. E.coli and Klebsiella spp. were found to be causative agents for CAUTI in 20.6% and 9.9% of cases respectively. Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. were isolated in 14% and 8.2% of the cases, respectively. All E.coli and Klebsiella strains were found sensitive to carbapenems. Carbapenem sensitivity was found in 47.1% and 30% of the cases infected with Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter strains, respectively. According to our results, fluconazole therapy seems to be an appropriate choice for the treatment of CAUTIs caused by C.albicans. Third and fourth generation cephalosporins should not be used for empirical treatment because of the high prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among E.coli and Klebsiella isolates.
Structural changes in the rat placenta during the last third of gestation discovered by stereology
Authors: Serman Ljiljana , Zunic Iris , Vrsaljko Nina , Grbesa Durdica , Gjurcevic Emil , Matasin Zeljka , Nikuseva Martic Tamara , Bulic Jakus Floriana , Tlak Gajger Ivana , Serman Alan 
Published: January 2015

Structural changes in the rat placenta during the last third of gestation were for the first time assessed by stereology. Fischer female rats were euthanized on the day 16 or day 19 of gestation, and 35 placentas were collected. Three randomly selected placentas from each group were stereologically analyzed for the absolute volume. The proportion of the glycogenic cells and the trophoblast giant cells (TGC) in the basal part of the placenta was calculated using volume density. The absolute volume of the rat placenta on the day 16 of gestation was determined as 0.0638 cm3. The labyrinth comprised 0.0274 cm3, the basal plate 0.0271 cm3 and the decidua 0.0093 cm3. On the day 19 of gestation, the absolute volume of the placenta was 0.1627 cm3, the labyrinth occupied 0.0922 cm3, the basal plate 0.0596 cm3 and the decidua 0.0109 cm3. The volume density of trophoblast giant cells was 0.174 cm0 on the day 16 and 0.107 cm0 on the day 19 of gestation. The glycogenic cells comprised 0.379 percentage of the basal plate on the day 16 and 0.236 on the day 19 of gestation. We conclude that the absolute volume of the whole placenta and the labyrinth has increased from day 16 to the day 19 of gestation. In contrast, the volume density of glycogenic cells and trophoblast giant cells was higher on the day 16 than on the day 19 of gestation, probably due to the intensive trophoblast invasion during that time.
Effects of fentanyl on isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Barter Linda S. , Hawkins Michelle G. , Pypendop Bruno H. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine effects of increasing plasma fentanyl concentrations on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in rabbits.
ANIMALS 6 adult female New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
PROCEDURES Rabbits were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen; ventilation was controlled and body temperature maintained between 38.5° and 39.5°C. Fentanyl was administered IV by use of a computer-controlled infusion system to achieve 6 target plasma concentrations. Isoflurane MAC was determined in duplicate by use of the bracketing technique with a supramaximal electrical stimulus. Blood samples were collected for measurement of plasma fentanyl concentration at each MAC determination. The MAC values were analyzed with a repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak pairwise comparisons.
RESULTS Mean ± SD plasma fentanyl concentrations were 0 ± 0 ng/mL (baseline), 1.2 ± 0.1 ng/mL, 2.2 ± 0.3 ng/mL, 4.4 ± 0.4 ng/mL, 9.2 ± 0.4 ng/mL, 17.5 ± 2.6 ng/mL, and 36.8 ± 2.4 ng/mL. Corresponding mean values for isoflurane MAC were 1.92 ± 0.16%, 1.80 ± 0.16%, 1.60 ± 0.23%, 1.46 ± 0.22%, 1.12 ± 0.19%, 0.89 ± 0.14%, and 0.70 ± 0.15%, respectively. Isoflurane MAC for plasma fentanyl concentrations ≥ 2.2 ng/mL differed significantly from the baseline value. In 3 rabbits, excessive spontaneous movement prevented MAC determination at the highest plasma fentanyl concentration.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Fentanyl reduced isoflurane MAC by approximately 60% in New Zealand White rabbits. Further studies will be needed to investigate the cardiorespiratory effects of isoflurane and fentanyl combinations in rabbits; however, fentanyl may prove to be a useful adjunct to inhalation anesthesia in this species.
Regional metabolite concentrations in the brain of healthy dogs measured by use of short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3.0 Tesla
Authors: Carrera Inés , Richter Henning , Meier Dieter , Kircher Patrick R. , Dennler Matthias 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate regional differences of relative metabolite concentrations in the brain of healthy dogs with short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) at 3.0 T.
ANIMALS 10 Beagles.
PROCEDURES Short echo time, single voxel 1H MRS was performed at the level of the right and left basal ganglia, right and left thalamus, right and left parietal lobes, occipital lobe, and cerebellum. Data were analyzed with an automated fitting method (linear combination model). Metabolite concentrations relative to water content were obtained, including N-acetyl aspartate, total choline, creatine, myoinositol, the sum of glutamine and glutamate (glutamine-glutamate complex), and glutathione. Metabolite ratios with creatine as the reference metabolite were calculated. Concentration differences between right and left hemispheres and sexes were evaluated with a Wilcoxon signed rank test and among various regions of the brain with an independent t test and 1-way ANOVA.
RESULTS No significant differences were detected between sexes and right and left hemispheres. All metabolites, except the glutamine-glutamate complex and glutathione, had regional concentrations that differed significantly. The creatine concentration was highest in the basal ganglia and cerebellum and lowest in the parietal lobes. The N-acetyl aspartate concentration was highest in the parietal lobes and lowest in the cerebellum. Total choline concentration was highest in the basal ganglia and lowest in the occipital lobe.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Metabolite concentrations differed among brain parenchymal regions in healthy dogs. This study may provide reference values for clinical and research studies involving 1H MRS performed at 3.0 T.
Intraocular pressure in clinically normal dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Marzok Mohamed A. , El-khodery Sabry A. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius).
ANIMALS 24 clinically normal dromedary camels.
PROCEDURES For each camel, the IOP of both eyes was measured with applanation tonometry. Three measurements with < 5% variance were obtained for each eye on the same day of the week for 3 consecutive weeks. Mean IOP was calculated for each eye on each day for comparison purposes.
RESULTS Mean ± SD IOPs for the right (31.1 ± 2.1 mm Hg) and left (30.8 ± 1.9 mm Hg) eyes of immature camels were significantly higher than those for the right (27.1 ± 1.2 mm Hg) and left (28.2 ± 1.2 mm Hg) eyes of mature camels. Intra-assay and interassay coefficients of variation (CVs) for IOP measurements of the right and left eyes did not differ significantly between immature and mature camels. Interassay CVs of IOP measurements for the right and left eyes ranged from 1.5% to 12.1% and 1.2% to 10.3%, respectively, for immature camels and from 1.2% to 17.2% and 1.7% to 18.8%, respectively, for mature camels. Intra-assay CVs of IOP measurements for the right and left eyes ranged from 1.5% to 10.6% and 1.9% to 9.6%, respectively, for immature camels and from 2.8% to 16.9% and 2.7% to 12.4%, respectively, for mature camels. Age was negatively correlated (r = −0.403) with IOP.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results provided a reference and might aid in the diagnosis of glaucoma and uveitis during complete ophthalmic examinations of dromedary camels.
Evaluation of mean corpuscular volume difference as a marker for serum hypertonicity during water deprivation in dogs
Authors: Reinhart Jennifer M. , Yancey Misty R. , Pohlman Lisa M. , Schermerhorn Thomas 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate mean corpuscular volume difference (dMCV) as a marker for hypertonicity induced by water deprivation in dogs.
ANIMALS 5 healthy Greyhounds maintained in a research colony.
PROCEDURES Water was withheld for 24 hours. Blood and urine samples were collected before (time 0) and every 6 hours during water deprivation. Serum and urine osmolality were measured on the basis of freezing point depression, and dMCV was calculated from routine hematologic variables.
RESULTS Serum and urine osmolality significantly increased and body weight decreased over time in healthy Greyhounds during water deprivation, although most dogs developed only a slight increase in serum osmolality. The dMCV also increased over time, but the value at 24 hours did not differ significantly from the value at time 0. However, a significant correlation was found between serum osmolality and dMCV. A dMCV ≥ 5 fL yielded 100% specificity for predicting hypertonicity when hypertonicity was defined as serum osmolality ≥ 310 mOsM.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE dMCV may be a useful marker for detection of mild hypertonicity in dogs and may have clinical and research applications for use in screening canine populations for hypertonicity.
Vision Analysis System for Autonomous Landing of Micro Drone
Authors: Skoczylas Marcin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This article describes a concept of an autonomous landing system of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). This type of device is equipped with the functionality of FPV observation (First Person View) and radio broadcasting of video or image data. The problem is performance of a system of autonomous drone landing in an area with dimensions of 1m × 1m, based on CCD camera coupled with an image transmission system connected to a base station. Captured images are scanned and landing marker is detected. For this purpose, image features detectors (such as SIFT, SURF or BRISK) are utilized to create a database of keypoints of the landing marker and in a new image keypoints are found using the same feature detector. In this paper results of a framework that allows detection of defined marker for the purpose of drone landing field positioning will be presented.
PID Controllers Design Applied to Positioning of Ball on the Stewart Platform
Authors: Koszewnik Andrzej , Troc Kamil , Słowik Maciej 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the design and practical implementation of PID controllers for a Stewart platform. The platform uses a resistance touch panel as a sensor and servo motors as actuators. The complete control system stabilizing the ball on the platform is realized with the Arduino microcontroller and the Matlab/Simulink software. Two processes required to acquire measurement signals from the touch panel in two perpendicular directions X and Y, are discussed. The first process includes the calibration of the touch panel, and the second process - the filtering of measurement signals with the low pass Butterworth filter. The obtained signals are used to design the algorithm of the ball stabilization by decoupling the global system into two local subsystems. The algorithm is implemented in a soft real time system. The parameters of both PID controllers (PIDx and PIDy) are tuned by the trial-error method and implemented in the microcontroller. Finally, the complete control system is tested at the laboratory stand.
Regime Mixing Ratio in Vacuum Dilute Phase Pneumatic Conveying Systems
Authors: Tanase Tanase 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This paper analyses some aspects of regime mixing ratio (RMR) in Vacuum Dilute Phase Pneumatic Conveying Systems in order to measure the energy efficiency of these systems. RMR variation curve profile is determined and the proportionality between Theoretical Mixing Ratio (TMR) and RMR is evaluated. The equation of the Characteristic Curve of the Ventilator type APRG-902/C is given. The profile of the RMR variation curve by specific load of the pipe is determined.
Optimizing the Operation of Maceration to Obtain Quality White Wines
Authors: Stegărus Diana , Lengyel Ecaterina , Sandru Daniela , Mutu Dan , Iancu Ramona , Tiţa Ovidiu 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This study monitors the physico-chemical properties of wines from Dragasani under the influence of pectolytic enzymes in various temperature conditions. during maceration contact is made between the grape skins and selected the optimal time leads to wines with more pronounced floral character. The physico-chemical extraction maceration leads to a more pronounced specific compounds, the time of maceration is very important in this case. The curing time is of great importance in producing varieties Muscat Ottonel and Tămâioasă Românească primarily for successful extraction of aromatic components from grape. As noted in the literature flavored grapes contain large amounts of terpene compounds are in free form or bound. To optimize the technological process is able to extract these compounds and to achieve a harmonious and balanced wine. The variants considered in the study presents the results of physico-chemical and aromatic wines obtained from the Muscat Ottonel and Tămâioasă Românească, which took into consideration both during maceration and the use of selected yeasts and enzymes, which form the basis for the selection of the optimal procedure for obtaining aromatic white wines in Dragasani Vineyard.
q-Completely monotonic and q-Bernstein functions
Authors: Kokologiannaki Chrysi G. , Krasniqi Valmir 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
We introduce the q-Bernstein functions, for 0<q<1 , and give sufficient and necessary conditions for a function to belong to the class of q -Bernstein functions. For some classes of functions we give results concerning q - completely monotonic and q -Bernstein functions. The obtained results are q -analogue of known results.
The Number of Monotone and Self-Dual Boolean Functions
Authors: Haviarova L. , Toman E. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In the present paper we study properties of pre-complete class of Boolean functions - monotone Boolean functions. We discuss interval graph, the abbreviated d.n.f., a minimal d.n.f. and a shortest d.n.f. of this function. Then we present a d.n.f. with the highest number of conjunctionsand we determinate the exact number of them. We count the number of monotone Boolean functions with some special properties. In the end we estimate the number of Boolean functionthat are monotone and self-dual at the same time.
The Eucharistic Sacrifice in Dumitru Stăniloae’s Theology with a Referential Point at the Mysterienlehre of Odo Casel
Authors: Crăciun Florentin Adrian 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In the last century both Orthodox and Catholic theologians have improved their reflection on the Eucharistic sacrifice in a critical manner in regard to the Latin medieval or scholastic theology. They have also developed their thinking in a theological dialogue involving the Eastern and Western mentalities, which could show different approaches but also lots of similarities. The relation between the Eucharistic sacrifice and Christ’s sacrifice on the Cross, the connection with the Church’s sacrifice, the mystic sacrifice, the boundary existing in the liturgical cult between sacrifice and sacrament are equally treated in the Orthodox and the Catholic theologies. Odo Casel and Dumitru Stăniloae are among the most creative theologians in their conceptions of the sacrifice. The mystery of Christian worship in Casel’s doctrine and Stăniloae’s teaching on the permanent state of sacrifice of Christ are original reflections in modern theology.
Communio und Eucharistie. Ekklesiologische Parallelen bei Dumitru Stăniloae und Joseph Ratzinger
Authors: Prihoancă Constantin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This article is a critical engagement with D. Stăniloae’s and J. Ratzinger’s ecclesiological thought as shaped by the description of church as the body of Christ and the Trinitarian roots of this ecclesiology. Starting from practical problems of prayer and living a Christian life, the authors argue that God’s relationship to the Christian community has primacy over God’s relationship to individual believers. When one conceives of the Christian community as being the body of Christ, one can uphold the elevated Christian ideal of Eucharist Communio without making it unattainable. The authors show that the being of the church is given to the Christian community not as a possession or property, but as a task to be fulfilled through the power of Christ and of the Holy Spirit. One can discover that in becoming the church, the Christian community is elevated to the Trinitarian life in communion. Communion ecclesiology has the potential to bridge the divide between the Orthodox and Catholic churches.
Marian Devotion as a Form of Legitimization of the Imperial Authority
Authors: Boicu Dragoș 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The present research addresses matters concerning the relationship between Church and state during the reign of Theodosius II of Rome, analyzing especially the case of legitimization of the imperial authority found in the first half of the fifth century when the Empress Pulcheria tried to identify herself with the Virgin Mary before her subjects in order to further maintain control of the state alongside her brother, Theodosius II. This paper also attempts to connect the problem of the political experiment with the development of a Marian devotion in Constantinople as a solution for pagan cults’ inculturation, reassessing Nestorius’ reaction in parallel with the position of Epiphanius of Salamina.
Images of Chalices in Transylvanian Panel Paintings
Authors: Stoia Adrian 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The study of the items illustrated on mural and panel painting, in connection with still existing items, can document medieval material culture. The representation of chalices on almost half of such paintings from Transylvania is a proof of its important symbolist value in religious rituals. These representations also certify the high level of the goldsmiths’ art from Transylvania. The present study is intended both as a repertory and an analysis of these sacral objects illustrated in mural and panel paintings.
Euthanasia, Ethics and Theology: A Dutch Perspective
Authors: Boer Theo A. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In 2002, the Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalize euthanasia and physician- assisted suicide. What does the Dutch euthanasia practice look like? What are the insights gained from twelve years of experience in regulating and reviewing euthanasia cases? In this article, some observations about the practice and the backgrounds of euthanasia are made from the perspective of a theological ethicist.
„Das ist das Leben? Ich will sterben!“
Authors: Grimm Michael Alban 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Using the method of narrative bioethics, this article analyzes Julian Schnabel’s film “The Diving Bell and the Butterfly” (USA/France 2007), the story of the French journalist Jean-Dominique Bauby, who was trapped in his body as the result of a cerebral infarction (Locked-in-syndrome). The ethical themes of the film are identified and evaluated as part of a public ethical discourse: euthanasia, search for identity in the disturbing experience of desease, care and compassion, spirituality and religion as dimensions of an illness narration. The results are connected with experiences of health care chaplaincy in a neurological clinic. Working with “The Diving Bell and the Butterfly” in an ethical training could help doctors, nurses and therapists to reflect their care interactions and sensitize them to the dignity of neurological patients. Thereby the call for euthanasia can be reduced.
Ars necandi und ars moriendi in den Samuelbüchern
Authors: Dietrich Walter 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The paper examines the Books of Samuel from two perspectives by posing two sets of questions: when is it legitimate (or, when is it perceived to be legitimate) to kill people, and when is this strictly forbidden? And how come to terms with one’s own mortality? The ‘ars necandi’ refers to four distinct areas: killing in war, suicide, murder and execution. Murder is absolutely prohibited, executions are best avoided, killing in war should be limited as much as possible, whilst suicide is not evaluated. The ‘ars morendi’ distinguishes between premature death, which hits hard and is difficult to process, and death in old age, which is desirable, but needs to be carefully prepared for nonetheless. David himself is threatened by a thousand deaths; his survival is a miracle, his eventual death a soberly noted fact.
Die Auferweckung des Lazarus in den gottesdienstlichen Hymnen der Orthodoxen Kirche
Authors: Hofius Otfried 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
This essay investigates the liturgical hymns of the Orthodox Church referring to the Johannine story of the Raising of Lazarus (Jn. 11:1-44). These hymns are especially sung at the Services of the Saturday before Palm Sunday known as the Saturday of the holy and righteous Lazarus. The relevant hymns are deep theological interpretations of the Johannine story and therefore an important contribution to the history of exegesis of the Gospel according to St John.
Saving the “Undoomed Man” In Beowulf (572b-573)
Authors: Anderson Salena Sampson 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The maxim Wyrd oft nereð // unfӕgne eorl, / þonne his ellen deah “Fate often spares an undoomed man when his courage avails” (Beowulf 572b-573) has been likened to “Fortune favors the brave,” with little attention to the word unfӕgne, which is often translated “undoomed”. This comparison between proverbs emphasizes personal agency and suggests a contrast between the proverb in 572b-573 and the maxim Gӕð a wyrd swa hio scel “Goes always fate as it must” (Beowulf 455b), which depicts an inexorable wyrd. This paper presents the history of this view and argues that linguistic analysis and further attention to Germanic cognates of (un)fӕge reveal a proverb that harmonizes with 455b. (Un)fӕge and its cognates have meanings related to being brave or cowardly, blessed or accursed, and doomed or undoomed. A similar Old Norse proverb also speaks to the significance of the status of unfӕge men. Furthermore, the prenominal position of unfӕgne is argued to represent a characterizing property of the man. The word unfӕgne is essential to the meaning of this proverb as it indicates not the simple absence of being doomed but the presence of a more complex quality. This interpretive point is significant in that it provides more information about the portrayal of wyrd in Beowulf by clarifying a well-known proverb in the text; it also has implications for future translations of these verses.