bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should radioiodine be the first-line treatment for paediatric Graves’ disease?
Authors: West James D. , Cheetham Timothy D. , Dane Carole , Natarajan Anuja 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDebate exists regarding the optimal treatment strategy for paediatric Graves’ disease with radioiodine (RAI), and surgery, usually reserved for failure of medical therapy. We present our own experience to introduce a review of the published literature focussing on the predictors of remission after antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy from diagnosis, and discuss whether RAI should be considered as a first-line therapy.A retrospective analysis of all diagnosed cases of paediatric Graves’ disease presenting to a large District General Hospital.Thirteen patients were diagnosed with Graves’ disease between February 2004 and May 2013. The median age at diagnosis was 13.7 years (range 7.2–17.1 years) with a female:male ratio of 11:2. Some nine patients completed a 2-year course of carbimazole out of which 8 relapsed after a mean duration of 0.82 years (range 0.08–1.42 years); the ninth currently remains in remission. Of the eight patients who relapsed, three have undergone RAI treatment. Two patients failed to tolerate carbimazole treatment, one of whom received RAI treatment because surgery was contraindicated and one patient with severe autism proceeded to RAI treatment due to poor compliance and persistent hyperthyroidism.Prognostic factors at presentation predicting a low likelihood of remission following ATD treatment include younger age, non-Caucasian ethnicity, and severe clinical and/or biochemical markers of hyperthyroidism. Psycho-social factors including compliance also influence management decisions.In specifically selected patients presenting with paediatric Graves’ disease, the benefits and risks of radioactive iodine as a potential first-line therapy should be communicated allowing families to make informed decisions.
Resistin and right ventricular function in children with recently diagnosed type-1 diabetes mellitus: a case control study
Authors: Al-Biltagi Mohammed A. , Tolba Osama A. , Mawlana Wegdan , Abd El Hamed Abdallah , Ghazy May 
Published: February 2015

AbstractResistin is an adipocyte-derived signaling polypeptide described in adipose tissue, which acts as a metabolic link between inflammation and atherosclerosis. This study aimed to assess the relation between right ventricular (RV) function assessed by echocardiography and resistin levels in recently diagnosed type-1 diabetic children.The study was conducted as a prospective cohort study and it included 30 children with type-1 diabetes mellitus as a patient group and 30 healthy children matched for age and sex as controls. It evaluated RV functions by tissue Doppler imaging, speckle tracking imaging, and real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE), as well as assessing resistin serum level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The left ventricle (LV) showed no significant difference between the two groups in E/A ratio across the mitral valve, ejection fraction, and S wave mitral annulus. However, it showed significant decrease in the E′/A′ wave of mitral annulus, impairment of LV myocardial performance index (MPI), and decrease in LV EF measured by RT3DE in diabetic patients compared to the control group. Significant differences in the mean value of tricuspid annular systolic excursion (TASE), pulmonary artery pressure, longitudinal systolic strain (RV LSS), MPI, and RV ejection fraction were observed between the studied groups. Yet, no significant differences in E/A ratio and S value were observed between the two groups. Significant positive correlation of resistin level with age of studied group and significant negative correlation of resistin with both TASE and RV LSS values were also observed.We confirmed the presence of subclinical RV systolic and diastolic dysfunction in type-1 diabetic children with positive correlation between resistin level and RV dysfunction among them.
An evaluation of the links between microRNA, autophagy, and epilepsy
Authors: Gan Jing , Qu Yi , Li Jiao , Zhao Fengyan , Mu Dezhi 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Epilepsy is a serious chronic neurologic disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures resulting from abnormal and highly synchronous neuronal discharges within the brain. Small noncoding RNAs, called microRNAs, play vital roles in epileptogenesis, with potential contributions as valuable biomarkers and targets for the treatment of epilepsy. To maintain cellular homeostasis, cellular components, such as organelles, proteins, protein complexes/oligomers, and pathogens, are delivered to the lysosome for degradation through a process called autophagy, which plays either a protective or a harmful role under epileptic stress. Several autophagic mechanisms have been implicated in epileptogenesis, including the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, aberrant substrate accumulation, and the formation of epileptic networks. In addition, the regulation of autophagy through microRNAs (miRNAs) represents a novel posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism through ‘autophagamiRNAs’. The correlation between autophagy and miRNA has increased our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of human diseases. Here, we review the current findings regarding the correlations between miRNA, autophagy, and epilepsy to provide a solid foundation for further examination of the miRNA-autophagy pathway involved in epilepsy pathophysiology.
Low-Energy e-He(21L) Scattering Calculations
Authors: Koledin D. , Grujić P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Cross sections for e-He(21L) scattering have been calculated in the energy range 1 ≦ E ≦ 4 eV. For l > 0 partial cross sections a simple analytical method, proposed by the authors before, which is essentially an extension of Seaton's exact resonance method, has been applied. In the case l = 0, when a complex "angular momentum quantum number" in the rotated space appears, a matching procedure has been adopted, making use of a more realistic model potential.
The results for Q(21S-21S), Ql (21S-21P) and Q(21P-21P) cross sections are compared with other theoretical calculations and in the case of the elastic Q(21S-21S) cross section with the available experimental data as well.
The applicability of the analytical method used in the electron-atom scattering calculations is discussed, in particular for those processes which play a dominant role in the Stark broadening of spectral lines from plasmas. Finally, the relevance of the present method to searching for an eventual resonant (or virtual) state near 21S threshold has been discussed.
Carbon Contaminant Buildup and Sputtering Behaviour on Zinc Oxide During XPS Examination
Authors: Mintas M. , Filby G. W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The effect of argon and oxygen sputtering on carbon contaminant buildup on ZnO during XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) analysis has been examined. Argon and oxygen sputtering cause a rapid decline in hydroxyl oxygen and contaminant carbon content at the surface. Reduc­tion to metallic zinc is not observed. In a carefully baked instrument after sputtering a stable clean surface could be maintained over several hours of analysis.
Optical Measurements of Tropospheric Hydroxyl with Lasers
Authors: Ortgies G. , Gericke K.-H. , Comes F. J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The application of laser induced fluorescence (LIF) in the uv to monitor tropospheric OH concentrations is limited for several reasons. In general the sensitivity of this method increases with the laser intensity. But at the low OH concentrations present in the atmosphere the beginning nonlinearity of the absorption (saturation effect) severely restricts the use of higher laser intensities. The high sensitivity of the LIF technique can be further compromised by the presence of an OH interference signal. This signal is generated by the monitoring laser light itself from laser photolysis of ambient ozone and the succeeding reaction of the photolysis product O (1D) with water to produce hydroxyl radicals. The results of the calculations are presented in a diagram from which the range of laser parameters can be deduced, which can be applied with confidence to monitor OH by the LIF method. The maximum number of signal counts for these working conditions is in the range of 10-3 per laser pulse.
The Determination of Thermodynamic Properties of melts from the Cu-Si-System by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Riekert G. , Lamparter P. , Steeb S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Knudsen effusion technique combined with mass spectrometry has been applied to determine thermodynamic activities and excess Gibbs energies for the liquid Cu-Si System. The system shows a tendency for segregation over the entire composition range. Special features in the partial and integral properties could be interpreted by means of two models.
Vibrationsrelaxation in Benzol
Authors: Asenbaum A. , Müllner M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Vibrational Relaxation in Benzene From Brillouin spectra measured in the temperature range between 8.2 °C and 75.6 °C and ultrasonic velocities the sound dispersion and the relaxing vibrational specific heat of Benzene were determined. A comparison with the theoretical value calculated on the basis of the Planck-Einstein formula shows good agreement between experiment and theory if one assumes that all vibrational modes of the Benzene molecule are contributing to the relaxing vibrational specific heat.
Analytical Results for the Partition Function of a Generalized Anharmonic Oscillator
Authors: Witschel W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The classical partition function, the semiclassical partition function in the Wigner-Kirkwoodperturbation approximation and the exact quantum statistical upper and lower bounds to the partition function for the general single and double well anharmonic oscillator with Ĥ = p̂2/2m +(m ω2/2)x̂2 + k2nx̂2n, n ≧ 2 and ω2 ≶ 0 are calculated by a simple integration. The quickly converging series is evaluated numerically for n = 2 and compared with numerical summations of Boltzmann-factors with eigenvalues from the literature. Matrix elements of exp( - αx2n) in a harmonic oscillator basis are calculated as by-products.
On the Relative Stability of Ascorbic Acid Tautomers
Authors: Bischof P. , Eckert-Maksić M. , Maksić Z. B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The four possible tautomers of ascorbic acid were studied by the semiempirical MINDO/3 and MNDO methods. The most stable tautomer 1 corresponds to that identified in solution and solid state by the 13C-NMR and X-ray techniques, respectively. Its estimated structural parameters are in reasonable agreement with data obtained by the combined use of X-ray and neutron dif­ fraction methods. The MNDO bond angles exhibit a dramatic improvement over the MINDO/3 ones. The most acidic proton corresponds to the O-H bond attached to the ring in the immediate neighbourhood of the side chain.
On the Kinetic Theory of the Enskog Fluid. Viscosity and Viscoelasticity, Heat Conduction and Thermal Pressure
Authors: Schmidt G. , Köhler W. E. , Hess S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The moment method is applied to the linearized Enskog-Boltzmann equation for a dense gas. Thus an enlarged set of equations of thermo-hydrodynamics is obtained which allows to go beyond ordinary hydrodynamics. The resulting expressions for the density dependent viscosity and heat conductivity coincide with those previously obtained with the help of the Chapman- Enskog solution procedure. In addition, however, the frequency dependence of the viscosity is treated and it is demonstrated that the thermal pressure does not vanish in a dense fluid
Upper and Lower Bounds for the Heat Flux in a Gas Between Parallel Plates
Authors: Vestner H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Waldmann's result for heat transfer through a monatomic gas between parallel plates is the starting point for the derivation of upper and lower bounds for the heat flux as a function of Knudsen number. In order to obtain numerical results, one transport-relaxation eigenfunction and its eigenvalue are determined approximately, and a simple model for the interfacial kernel of the kinetic boundary condition for the distribution function is used
Triplet Distribution Functions and their Superposition Approximation from an MD-simulation of molten KCl
Authors: Schäfer L. , Klemm A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Isosceles triplet distribution functions of molten KCl are obtained from an MD-simulation and compared with those approximated by multiplication of the corresponding three pair distribution functions. For small branch lengths r the deviations are considerable, e.g. for r = 3 Å the frequency of linear triplets +-+ or -+- relative to the frequency of all triplets with that branch length is underestimated by a factor of about 0.6
Experiments on Rayleigh Scattering of 145 keV and 317 keV Photons
Authors: Barros S. de , Eichler J. , Gonçalves  , Gaspar M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Elastic differential cross sections for scattering of photons with 145 keV and 317 keV were measured for Pb, W, Sn, Cd, Ag, Mo and Cu for angles from 5° to 40°. For measuring the strong energy dependence of the cross section at small angles, a well collimated beam (±0,5°) and a small detecting solid angle were used. For the energies and angles studied, agreement between experiment and form factor calculations is found. The results are compared with recent measurements of other authors, which found disagreement with form factor calculations
Die Grundstruktur der klassischen Partikelmechanik und ihre Spezialfsierungen
Authors: Balzer W. , Moulines C. U. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Classical particle mechanics is given an axiomatic form which - we think - constitutes an essential progress with respect to extisting axiomatizations. We clarify the status of it's basic concepts (first of all of the concept of force), we reconstruct the factual (implicit) form of it's basic law, and we exemplify the general method of obtaining more special mechanical laws from this basic law by means of concrete examples. By this the "overall"-structure of classical particle mechanics as that of an "open" theory can be clearly recognized. The result is of methodological, philosophical and didactical relevance
Fuzzy Space-Time
Authors: Heller M. , Staruszkiewicz A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The mathematical theory of fuzzy sets is applied to construct a fuzzy Minkowski space-time. An event in this space-time is defined to be a function χ:M → [0, 1], where M is the ordinary Minkowski space-time. The notion of fuzzy causal structure is defined
Dielektrisdie Verluste starrer polarer Molekule in verdiinnter Losung bei Mikrowellen und im Fernen Infrarot
Authors: Deiker R. , Klages G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
With regard to their Debye and Poley absorption the dielectric loss of twelve species of rigid polar molecules has been measured in very dilute solutions (n-heptane cyclohexane and decalin) at frequencies from 300 MHz to 5 THz. Within the limits of experimental error for t-butylchloride no Poley absorption is observed. Its ε" (ω) plot may be fitted using the three-variable Mori formalism because e" finally decreases with the fifth power of frequency. The absorption data of all other dipole molecules cannot be fitted by a single Mori curve. Therefore we propose to separate the Debye absorption approximating the low frequency wing and the predominant loss region as done with t-butylchloride. In this way the dispersion step of the Poley absorption itself is obtained, and it is discussed according to the libration model. The observed step is too large in benzophenone only perhaps due to the fast orientation of a mesomeric moment by a ring twist. The Poley ε" (ω) data are formally matched by one or two three-variable Mori curves, and the frequency behaviour of the dipole ensemble is discussed in terms of librations damped by soft collisions, using the absorption coefficient α (ω)
Die Temperaturabhangigkeit der Fluoreszenzquantenausbeuten von Donator-Akzeptor-substituierten trans-Stilbenen in Losungsmitteln unterschiedlidier Polaritat
Authors: Gloyna D. , Gryczyński I. , Kawski A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The temperature dependence of the fluorescence quantum yield of donor-acceptor-substituted trans-stilbenes (1) in n-heptane, toluene and dimethylformamide (DMF) in the temperature range of 5-70 °C is due to twisting of the excited Si state to the perp.-S1 state. Twisting and fluorescence are the predominant deactivation processes. Within the series of 4'-acceptor-substituted substances 1g, 1b, 1h- 1k, the activation energies, Etp, in n-heptane and DMF are correlated with the Hammett constants atp of the acceptor in a way comparable to the correlaton between the twisting rate constant kt„ and Aσp. No such correlation was found with toluene. The deactivation of the S1 state results from two oppositely acting factors: the intramolecular donoracceptor interaction and the intermolecular solute-solvent interaction
Schwingungseigenschaften der XF6
3- Anione (mit X = AI, Ga, In, TI)
Authors: Baran Enrique J. , Lavat Araceli E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The principal force constants for the title anions have been calculated using the GVFF. Mean amplitudes of vibration, at different temperatures are also estimated. The results are briefly discussed and some comparisons with related species are made
Kinetics of Triplet Sublevel Selective Photochemical Reactions in the Solid State
Authors: Gehrtz Manfred , Bräuchle Christoph , Voitländer Jürgen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A detailed description of the overall kinetics of photochemical reactions has to deal with photo-physical activation and de-activation rates as well as with true photochemical rates. Based on the hypothesis that for photoreactions involving the lowest excited triplet state the chemical reaction rates of the individual triplet zero-field levels have different values, a method is presented for the evaluation of these rates from bulk measurements under steady state illumination conditions. The complications arising from the detection of solid state reactions are discussed, and a simple solution is given, illustrated by a numerical example.
On the Structure in Aqueous Superconcentrated Calcium Nitrate
Authors: Caminiti R. , Musinu A. , Paschina G. , Piccaluga G. , Pinna G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Liquid hydrous calcium nitrate of composition Ca(NO3)2 · 3.5 H2O was investigated by X-ray diffraction. Experimental data were interpreted in terms of geometrical models suggested by the structure of the crystalline hydrates Ca (NO3)2 · 3H2O and Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O, in which calcium ions are coordinated to nine oxygen atoms, partly coming from water molecules, partly from NO3
-ions.
Untersuchungen zum Strukturaufbau von As2P2S7 und (As2P2S8)n
Authors: Wibbelmann Claus , Brockner Wolfgang 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The compounds of the analytical composition AS2P2S7 and ASPS4 have been prepared by ele-mental synthesis. Vibrational spectra of both compounds have been recorded and their structure was proposed therefrom. AS2P2S7 has a cage-like structure (C2v symmetry). The compound A8PS4 is polymeric (C2V symmetry) and it will be better formulated as (As2P2Ss)n. Mass spectra of the two compounds have been reported. Some X-ray diffraction data, the melting tempera-tures and the density values have been given.
Microwave and Millimeterwave Spectrum of Chlorofluoroacetylene (Cl—C≡C—F)
Authors: Guarnieri A. , Andolfatto M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The microwave and millimeterwave spectra of chlorofluoroacetylene 35 C1—C = C—F and 37 C1—C = C—F in natural abundance, have been investigated. The molecule has been found to be linear. The rotational constant, the centrifugal distortion constant Do and the chlorine quadrupole coupling constant have been determined. Some ro-structures have been calculated assuming different values for the C = C distance.
The Statistical Dynamics of a System Consisting of a Classical and a Quantum Subsystem
Authors: Aleksandrov I. V. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
For a system consisting of a quantum and a classical subsystem, an equation of the Liouville type is obtained starting with the density matrix equation. The validity condition and the transformation properties of this quantum-classical equation as well as the application of the adiabatic approximation and the perturbation theory within the frame of this equation are discussed. Some general expressions are obtained for the probability of the transition between the quasi-equilibrium states of the system.
Special attention is given to the electron-nuclei system, as the general formalism was developed first of all in order to obtain a foundation for the theoretical analysis of elementary processes in liquids. An example is given to demonstrate that the quantum-classical approach in the range of its validity gives the same result as the corresponding quantum solution. It is also shown that both the cases of weak and strong interaction (leading to the transition) can be described by the quantum-classical equation in question.
Precision Measurements of the Lead Kαi and Kα2 X-ray Energies
Authors: Hungerford P. , Schmidt H. H. , Brissot R. , Barreau G. , Börner H. G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The energies of the Kαi and Kα2 X-ray lines in lead have been measured with a curved crystal spectrometer. The values of 74.9720 ± 0.0010 keV (Kα1) and 72.8077 ± 0.0010 keV (Kα2) are compared to recent theoretical estimates and previous experimental results.
Three Pulse Photon Echoes on an Inhomogeneously Stark Broadened Line at 3 mm-Wavelengths
Authors: Rohart F. , Macke B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Three pulse photon echoes are studied when the prevailing inhomogeneous damping arises from the application of an inhomogeneous Stark field. Whereas the molecular free flight through the inhomogeneous Stark field entails a strong attenuation of conventional photon echoes, this effect is shown to be eliminated for the even numbered echoes of a Carr Purcell sequence. These predictions are well supported by a detailed experimental study at a 3 mm wavelength. Velocity changing collision influence is discussed and T1 and T2 relaxation times of the (J, |KM| = 1,1 → 2,1) rotational transition of CH3F are incidentally determined.
Laser Spectroscopy of the υ3 Band of Methyl Fluoride
Authors: Herlemont F. , Lyszyk M. , Lemaire J. , Demaison J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The υ3 fundamental of CH3F has been remeasured using a tunable diode laser and a waveguide CO2 laser. Combination of this new measurement with earlier laser and microwave results has allowed us to obtain improved spectral parameters for both the ground and the υ3 = 1 excited state.
Phosphorescence Lifetimes of [Cr(NCS)6]-3 in Frozen Alcohol Solvents
Authors: Łukowiak E. , Stręk W. , Jeżowska-Trzebiatowska B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
For [Cr(NCS)6]-3 in normal alcohols at 77 K the lifetimes of phosphorescence from the excited doublet state are reported. The lifetimes decrease in the order ethanol > methanol > n-propanol > n-butanol > n-pentanol > n-hexanol > n-heptanol, and the rate constant increases exponentially when the 0'-0 band energy of the 2Eg → 4A2g transition decreases.
Ligand Induced Spin Crossover in Penta-Coordinated Ferric Dithioearbamates
Authors: Ganguli P. , Iyer R. M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
On addition of lewis bases to Fe(dtc)2X, ligand exchange takes place through a SN2 mechanism, with a parallel spin crossover in the ferric ion. The two species (S = 3/2 and S = 5/2) formed are in dynamic chemical equilibrium, and a slow decomposition is then initiated.