bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exchanging Theories and Concepts on Welfare Policies Between North and South
Authors: Harsløf Ivan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Recent decades have seen large-scale social protection programmes rolled out in countries in the Global South, demonstrating a new political commitment towards goals of welfare on a national scale. This chapter explores the relevance of welfare state concepts and theories originating from or designed to address policies in the Global North to assess such developments in the Global South. The chapter discusses the background of the flow of theories and concepts across contexts and explores perspectives on societal development that span the Global North and South. It further analyses how concepts originally developed in the Global North have been exported to the Global South, focusing on adaptations of theoretical frameworks for comparing welfare states. Lastly, it discusses how experiences with emerging welfare state arrangements in the Global South can offer lessons for the Global North. It is argued that while some notions require adaptation to different contexts, certain concepts and systems of welfare regime classification have broad applicability across disparate regions. Furthermore, the chapter discusses recent trends in the Global North, where welfare states increasingly exhibit elements resembling conditions found in the South. The transformations occurring in the state and labour markets necessitate the adoption of new theories and concepts, including those utilized in the Global South, to effectively scrutinize their implications. In conclusion, the accelerating processes of globalization and transnationalism challenge the methodological nationalism commonly inherent in social policy theorization.
Marianne Moore
Authors: Mlinko Ange 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Marianne Moore only visited Florida once, as an adolescent, but the myth of Florida was an inspiration for “Sea Unicorns and Land Unicorns,” her great poem of the imagination, and a fitting companion poem to her friend Wallace Stevens’s tropical poem, “The Comedian as the Letter C.” “Sea Unicorns and Land Unicorns” is the concluding poem of Moore’s debut collection, Observations (1924). This chapter discusses the stylistic similarities between Stevens and Moore, which preceded their acquaintance, and goes on to read through the sources of “Sea Unicorns and Land Unicorns,” including Violet Wilson’s Queen Elizabeth’s Maids of Honour and John Hawkins’s account of exploring Florida in the 1560s.
Harry Mathews
Authors: Mlinko Ange 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Harry Mathews, who died in Key West, where he had had a house for several decades, wrote one of his last poems there in 2014, the sestina “Cool Gales Shall Fan the Glades.” This chapter is a study of that poem and his 1961 epyllion, “Comitas.” It argues that Mathews imported the Arcadian idyll into Florida literature through references to Greek myth and Hellenic poetry and amplified the tropical Stevensian style by applying difficult ornaments and Provencal trobar clus to the repertory.
Epilogue
Authors: Mlinko Ange 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Laura Riding Jackson was one of the leading poets of American Modernism until she gave up poetry around 1941 and moved to Wabasso, Florida, with her new husband. This chapter speculates on the poet’s relation to language and landscape, her suspicion of poetry and style, and reads one of her early poems, “Doom in Bloom,” alongside James Merrill’s early poem “The Greenhouse.” Both poems evince a fear of fecundity and floridity, but Merrill went on to develop these traits to the fullest in his poetry, whereas Riding Jackson rejected poetry completely in her desire for austerity in life as well as in language.
Using the near real-time effective reproduction number Rt as an early-warning tool for seasonal bronchiolitis and influenza-like illness epidemics
Authors: Gallien Yves , Paireau Juliette , Paty Annie-Claude , Villegas-Ramirez Berenice , Hamidouche Mohamed , Modenesi Gabriela , Zhu-Soubise Aurélien , Bonaldi Christophe , Fouillet Anne , Vaux Sophie , Bernard-Stoecklin Sibylle , Tarantola Arnaud 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Yearly bronchiolitis and influenza-like illness epidemics in France often involve high morbidity and mortality, which severely impact health care. Epidemics are declared by the French National Institute of Public Health based on syndromic surveillance of primary care and emergency departments (EDs), using statistics-based alarms. Although the effective reproduction number (Rt) is used to monitor the dynamics of epidemics, it has never been used as an early-warning tool for bronchiolitis or influenza-like illness epidemics in France. We assessed whether Rt is useful for detecting seasonal epidemics by comparing it to the tool currently used (MASS) by epidemiologists to declare epidemic phases. We used anonymized ED syndromic data from the Île-de-France region in France from 2010 to 2022. We estimated Rt and compared the indication of accelerated transmission (Rt &gt; 1) to the MASS epidemic alarm time points. We computed the difference between those 2 time points, time to epidemic peak, and the daily cases documented at first indication and peak. Rt provided alarms for influenza-like illness and bronchiolitis epidemics that were, respectively, a median of 6 days (IQR, 4, 8) and 64 days (IQR, 52, 80) earlier than the alarms provided by MASS. Rt detected earlier signals of bronchiolitis and influenza-like illness epidemics. Using this early-warning indicator in combination with others to declare an annual epidemic could provide opportunities to improve health care system readiness.
Evolution and improved outcomes in the era of multimodality treatment for extended pancreatectomy
Authors: Chaudhari Vikram A , Kunte Aditya R , Chopde Amit N , Ostwal Vikas , Ramaswamy Anant , Engineer Reena , Bhargava Prabhat , Bal Munita , Shetty Nitin , Kulkarni Suyash , Patkar Shraddha , Bhandare Manish S , Shrikhande Shailesh V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The evolution and outcomes of extended pancreatectomies at a single institute over 15 years are presented in this study.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of the institutional database was performed from 2015 to 2022 (period B). Patients undergoing extended pancreatic resections, as defined by the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery, were included. Perioperative and survival outcomes were compared with data from 2007–2015 (period A). Regression analyses were used to identify factors affecting postoperative and long-term survival outcomes.

Results
A total of 197 (16.1%) patients underwent an extended resection in period B compared to 63 (9.2%) in period A. Higher proportions of borderline resectable (5 (18.5%) versus 51 (47.7%), P = 0.011) and locally advanced tumours (1 (3.7%) versus 24 (22.4%), P &lt; 0.001) were resected in period B with more frequent use of neoadjuvant therapy (6 (22.2%) versus 79 (73.8%), P &lt; 0.001). Perioperative mortality (4 (6.0%) versus 12 (6.1%), P = 0.81) and morbidity (23 (36.5%) versus 83 (42.1%), P = 0.57) rates were comparable. The overall survival for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma was similar in both periods (17.5 (95% c.i. 6.77 to 28.22) versus 18.3 (95% c.i. 7.91 to 28.68) months, P = 0.958). Resectable, node-positive tumours had a longer disease-free survival (DFS) in period B (5.81 (95% c.i. 1.73 to 9.89) versus 14.03 (95% c.i. 5.7 to 22.35) months, P = 0.018).

Conclusion
Increasingly complex pancreatic resections were performed with consistent perioperative outcomes and improved DFS compared to the earlier period. A graduated approach to escalating surgical complexity, multimodality treatment, and judicious patient selection enables the resection of advanced pancreatic tumours.
Increase of HCN current in SOD1-associated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Lai Hsing-Jung , Kuo Yih-Chih , Ting Chen-Hung , Yang Chih-Chao , Kao Chia-Hsin , Tsai Yi-Chieh , Chao Chi-Chao , Hsueh Hsueh-Wen , Hsieh Pei-Feng , Chang Hsiang-Yu , Wang I Fan , Tsai Li-Kai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The clinical manifestations of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) vary widely. However, the current classification of ALS is based mainly on clinical presentations, and the roles of electrophysiological and biomedical biomarkers remain limited. Herein, we investigated a group of patients with sporadic ALS and an ALS mouse model with superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)/G93A transgenes using nerve excitability tests (NETs) to investigate axonal membrane properties and chemical precipitation, followed by ELISA analysis to measure plasma misfolded protein levels.
Six of 19 patients (31.6%) with sporadic ALS had elevated plasma misfolded SOD1 protein levels. In sporadic ALS patients, only those with elevated misfolded SOD1 protein levels showed an increased inward rectification in the current–voltage threshold curve and an increased threshold reduction in the hyperpolarizing threshold electrotonus in the NET study. Two familial ALS patients with SOD1 mutations also exhibited similar electrophysiological patterns of NET. For patients with sporadic ALS showing significantly increased inward rectification in the current–voltage threshold curve, we noted an elevation in plasma misfolded SOD1 level, but not in total SOD1, misfolded C9orf72 or misfolded phosphorylated TDP43 levels. Computer simulations demonstrated that the aforementioned axonal excitability changes are likely to be associated with an increase in hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) current. In SOD1/G93A mice, NET also showed an increased inward rectification in the current–voltage threshold curve, which could be reversed by a single injection of the HCN channel blocker, ZD7288. Daily treatment of SOD1/G93A mice with ZD7288 partly prevented the early motor function decline and spinal motor neuron death.
In summary, sporadic ALS patients with elevated plasma misfolded SOD1 exhibited similar patterns of motor axonal excitability changes to familial ALS patients and ALS mice with mutant SOD1, suggesting the existence of SOD1-associated sporadic ALS. The observed NET pattern of increased inward rectification in the current–voltage threshold curve was attributable to an elevation in the HCN current in SOD1-associated ALS.
Data-driven retrieval of population-level EEG features and their role in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Li Wentao , Varatharajah Yogatheesan , Dicks Ellen , Barnard Leland , Brinkmann Benjamin H , Crepeau Daniel , Worrell Gregory , Fan Winnie , Kremers Walter , Boeve Bradley , Botha Hugo , Gogineni Venkatsampath , Jones David T 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Electrophysiologic disturbances due to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy Body disease are detectable by scalp EEG and can serve as a functional measure of disease severity. Traditional quantitative methods of EEG analysis often require an a-priori selection of clinically meaningful EEG features and are susceptible to bias, limiting the clinical utility of routine EEGs in the diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative disorders. We present a data-driven tensor decomposition approach to extract the top 6 spectral and spatial features representing commonly known sources of EEG activity during eyes-closed wakefulness. As part of their neurologic evaluation at Mayo Clinic, 11 001 patients underwent 12 176 routine, standard 10–20 scalp EEG studies. From these raw EEGs, we developed an algorithm based on posterior alpha activity and eye movement to automatically select awake-eyes-closed epochs and estimated average spectral power density (SPD) between 1 and 45 Hz for each channel. We then created a three-dimensional (3D) tensor (record × channel × frequency) and applied a canonical polyadic decomposition to extract the top six factors. We further identified an independent cohort of patients meeting consensus criteria for mild cognitive impairment (30) or dementia (39) due to Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy Bodies (31) and similarly aged cognitively normal controls (36). We evaluated the ability of the six factors in differentiating these subgroups using a Naïve Bayes classification approach and assessed for linear associations between factor loadings and Kokmen short test of mental status scores, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET uptake ratios and CSF Alzheimer’s Disease biomarker measures. Factors represented biologically meaningful brain activities including posterior alpha rhythm, anterior delta/theta rhythms and centroparietal beta, which correlated with patient age and EEG dysrhythmia grade. These factors were also able to distinguish patients from controls with a moderate to high degree of accuracy (Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.59–0.91) and Alzheimer’s disease dementia from dementia with Lewy Bodies (AUC 0.61). Furthermore, relevant EEG features correlated with cognitive test performance, PET metabolism and CSF AB42 measures in the Alzheimer’s subgroup. This study demonstrates that data-driven approaches can extract biologically meaningful features from population-level clinical EEGs without artefact rejection or a-priori selection of channels or frequency bands. With continued development, such data-driven methods may improve the clinical utility of EEG in memory care by assisting in early identification of mild cognitive impairment and differentiating between different neurodegenerative causes of cognitive impairment.
Zonation and ligand and dose dependence of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 signalling in blood and lymphatic vasculature
Authors: Del Gaudio Ilaria , Nitzsche Anja , Boyé Kevin , Bonnin Philippe , Poulet Mathilde , Nguyen Toan Q , Couty Ludovic , Ha Hoa T T , Nguyen Dat T , Cazenave-Gassiot Amaury , Ben Alaya Khaoula , Thérond Patrice , Chun Jerold , Wenk Markus R , Proia Richard L , Henrion Daniel , Nguyen Long N , Eichmann Anne , Camerer Eric 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
Circulating levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), an HDL-associated ligand for the endothelial cell (EC) protective S1P receptor-1 (S1PR1), are reduced in disease states associated with endothelial dysfunction. Yet, as S1PR1 has high affinity for S1P and can be activated by ligand-independent mechanisms and EC autonomous S1P production, it is unclear if relative reductions in circulating S1P can cause endothelial dysfunction. It is also unclear how EC S1PR1 insufficiency, whether induced by deficiency in circulating ligand or by S1PR1-directed immunosuppressive therapy, affects different vascular subsets.

Methods and results
We here fine map the zonation of S1PR1 signalling in the murine blood and lymphatic vasculature, superimpose cell-type–specific and relative deficiencies in S1P production to define ligand source and dose dependence, and correlate receptor engagement to essential functions. In naïve blood vessels, despite broad expression, EC S1PR1 engagement was restricted to resistance-size arteries, lung capillaries, and a subset of high-endothelial venules (HEVs). Similar zonation was observed for albumin extravasation in EC S1PR1-deficient mice, and brain extravasation was reproduced with arterial EC-selective S1pr1 deletion. In lymphatic ECs, S1PR1 engagement was high in collecting vessels and lymph nodes and low in blind-ended capillaries that drain tissue fluids. While EC S1P production sustained S1PR1 signalling in lymphatics and HEV, haematopoietic cells provided ∼90% of plasma S1P and sustained signalling in resistance arteries and lung capillaries. S1PR1 signalling and endothelial function were both surprisingly sensitive to reductions in plasma S1P with apparent saturation around 50% of normal levels. S1PR1 engagement did not depend on sex or age but modestly increased in arteries in hypertension and diabetes. Sphingosine kinase (Sphk)-2 deficiency also increased S1PR1 engagement selectively in arteries, which could be attributed to Sphk1-dependent S1P release from perivascular macrophages.

Conclusion
This study highlights vessel subtype-specific S1PR1 functions and mechanisms of engagement and supports the relevance of S1P as circulating biomarker for endothelial function.
Takotsubo syndrome complicated by cardiogenic shock due to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, acute mitral regurgitation, and atrial fibrillation: a case report
Authors: Ishizaki Yuya , Murakami Tsutomu , Ohno Yohei , Yagishita Atsuhiko , Ikari Yuji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Although Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is generally considered a benign disease, recent reports showed the incidence of cardiogenic shock due to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), mitral regurgitation (MR), and primary pump failure was estimated to be 6–20%.

Case summary
A 78-year-old woman presented with chest pain and cold sweats 2 days after surgery for lung cancer. Acute coronary syndrome was suspected based on her symptoms, electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and laboratory data; thus, emergency catheterization was performed. Normal coronaries were observed, with hyperkinesis at the base of the left ventricle and akinesis at its apex, leading to the diagnosis of the apical ballooning type of TTS. Pressure differences between the apex of the left ventricle (168/8/28 mmHg) and aorta (94/50/64 mmHg) indicated the presence of LVOTO. Two days after TTS onset, she developed cardiogenic shock (blood pressure was 54/38 mmHg). Transthoracic echocardiography showed acute MR due to systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve caused by LVOTO, which was further exacerbated by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Fluid resuscitation, intravenous β-blockers, and amiodarone were administered for reduction of the pressure gradient in the left ventricular outflow, rate control, and sinus rhythm maintenance. Her condition improved along with the MR, thereby improving LVOTO and maintaining sinus rhythm.

Discussion
Takotsubo syndrome should be kept in mind as a potential cause of acute MR due to LVOTO. Catheterization and multiple follow-up TTE play a major role in early detection for this condition.
Recurrent decompression sickness and late repermeabilization of patent foramen oval closure prosthesis: a diver’s dilemma—case report
Authors: Deney Antoine , Lairez Olivier , Coulange Mathieu , Riu Béatrice , Hunt Jennifer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Decompression sickness (DCS) is a well-known risk associated with scuba diving, particularly in people with right-to-left shunt, such as patent foramen oval (PFO). Herein, we present a unique case of late PFO permeabilization after closure.

Case summary
A 26-year-old male diver was diagnosed with DCS following a dive at 36 m. He underwent PFO closure with a STARFLEX® prosthesis. Ten years later, the patient was presented with recurrent manifestations suggestive of DCS. The performed diagnostic work-up detects a permeabilization of the implanted prosthesis, and he was treated with a conservative approach.

Discussion
This case highlights the challenges in the management of PFO in divers and raises concerns about the long-term efficiency of PFO closure and the impact of diving-related factors on prosthesis patency.
Effect of a single pill concept on clinical and pharmacoeconomic outcomes in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Weisser Burkhard , Wassmann Sven , Predel Hans-Georg , Schmieder Roland E , Gillessen Anton , Wilke Thomas , Blettenberg Jörg , Randerath Olaf , Mevius Antje , Böhm Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
Our study aimed to assess whether a single pill concept (SPC) is superior to a multi-pill concept (MPC) in reducing cardiovascular (CV) events, all-cause death, and costs in CV patients.

Method and results
Anonymized medical claims data covering 2012–2018, including patients with hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and CV diseases who started a drug therapy either as SPC or identical MPC were analysed after 1:1-propensity score matching. Hospitalizations with predefined CV events, all-cause mortality, and costs were studied in 25 311 patients with SPC and 25 311 patients with MPC using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and non-parametric tests for continuous variables.
IRRs were significantly lower for SPC: stroke (IRR = 0.77; 95% CI 0.67–0.88; P &lt; 0.001), transitory ischaemic attack (IRR = 0.61; 95% CI 0.48–0.78; P &lt; 0.001), myocardial infarction (IRR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.63–0.90; P = 0.0016), coronary artery disease (IRR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.57–0.77; P &lt; 0.001), heart failure (IRR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.54–0.64; P &lt; 0.001), acute renal failure (IRR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.56–0.64; P &lt; 0.001), all cause hospitalization (IRR = 0.72; 95% CI 0.71–0.74; P &lt; 0.001), CV hospitalization (IRR = 0.63; 95% CI 0.57–0.69; P &lt; 0.001), and all-cause mortality (IRR = 0.62; 95% CI 0.57–0.68; P &lt; 0.001). Mean time to first events and time to death were also in favour of SPC. Mean total costs were 4708€ for SPC vs. 5.669€ for MPC, respectively (mean ratio 0.830, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
SPC is associated with lower incidence rates of CV events, time to CV events, and all-cause death, and is superior regarding pharmacoeconomic parameters and should therefore become standard of care to improve outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.
Outcomes following heart valve surgery in patients with infective endocarditis and preoperative septic cerebral embolism: insights from the CAMPAIGN study group
Authors: Marin-Cuartas Mateo , De La Cuesta Manuela , Weber Carolyn , Krinke Elisabeth , Lichtenberg Artur , Petrov Asen , Hagl Christian , Aubin Hug , Matschke Klaus , Diab Mahmoud , Luehr Maximilian , Akhyari Payam , Schnackenburg Philipp , Tugtekin Sems-Malte , Saha Shekhar , Doenst Torsten , Wahlers Thorsten , Borger Michael A , Misfeld Martin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to analyse the impact of preoperative septic cerebral embolism on early and late postoperative outcomes in patients with infective endocarditis undergoing valve surgery.

METHODS
Retrospective multicentric study based on the Clinical Multicentric Project for Analysis of Infective Endocarditis in Germany (CAMPAIGN) registry comprising patients with infective endocarditis who underwent valve surgery between 1994 and 2018 at 6 German centres. Patients were divided into 2 groups for statistical comparison according to the presence or absence of preoperative septic cerebral embolism. Propensity score matching was performed for adjusted comparisons of postoperative outcomes. Primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and estimated 5-year survival.

RESULTS
A total of 4917 patients were included in the analysis, 3909 (79.5%) patients without and 1008 (20.5%) patients with preoperative septic cerebral embolism. Patients with preoperative septic cerebral embolism had more baseline comorbidities. Mitral valve endocarditis (44.1% vs 33.0% P &lt; 0.001), large vegetations &gt;10 mm (43.1% vs 30.0%, P &lt; 0.001), and Staphylococcus species infection (42.3% vs 21.3%, P &lt; 0.001) were more frequent in the cerebral embolism group. Among patients with preoperative cerebral embolism, 286 (28.4%) patients had no stroke signs (silent stroke). After matching (1008 matched pairs), there was no statistically significant difference in 30-day mortality (20.1% vs 22.8%; P = 0.14) and 5-year survival (47.8% vs 49.1%; stratified log-rank P = 0.77) in patients with and without preoperative cerebral embolism, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative septic cerebral embolism in patients with infective endocarditis requiring valve surgery does not negatively affect early or late mortality; therefore, it should not play a major role in deciding if surgery is to be performed.