bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Sulfonyl (E)‐Stilbenes by Nitrobenzene‐Mediated Dimerizative Desulfonation of Benzylic Sulfones.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Chen Yi‐Chia , Lin Shin‐Ying , Chan Chieh‐Kai 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNo dimerization is observed when alkyl sulfonates are used.
ChemInform Abstract: Eco‐Friendly Functionalization of Natural Halloysite Clay Nanotube with Ionic Liquids by Microwave Irradiation for Suzuki Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Massaro Marina , Riela Serena , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Gruttadauria Michelangelo , Milioto Stefana , Noto Renato , Lazzara Giuseppe 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe synthesis and characterisation of the catalyst is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions of Cyrhetrenylphosphines; Applications in Palladium Catalyzed Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Sierra Diego , Bhuvanesh Nattamai , Reibenspies Joseph H. , Gladysz John A. , Klahn A. Hugo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe syntheses of four rhenium‐containing mono‐ and diphosphines are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Electron‐Transfer‐Induced Coupling of Arylzinc Reagents with Aryl and Alkenyl Halides.
Authors: Shirakawa Eiji , Tamakuni Fumiko , Kusano Eugene , Uchiyama Nanase , Konagaya Wataru , Watabe Ryo , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe reaction proceeds through a single electron transfer mechanism and is suitable for a wide range of functionalized substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Michael Addition of Cyclic Ketones to Nitroolefins Catalyzed by a Novel Fluorine‐Insertion Organocatalyst.
Authors: Wang Yanan , Jiang Min , Liu Jin‐Tao 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA novel fluorinated pyrrolidine is synthesized starting from 4‐hydroxy‐L‐proline.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Carboalkoxylations of 2‐Ethynylbenzyl Ethers to Form 1‐ and 2‐Indanones Chemoselectively: Effects of Ligands and Solvents.
Authors: Wang Chiou‐Dong , Hsieh Yi‐Feng , Liu Rai‐Shung 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBy proper choice of gold‐catalyst and solvent most 2‐ethynylbenzyl ethers can be cyclized to either 1‐indanones or 2‐indanones in good to excellent selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of New Pyrazolino[60]fullerenes with Fluorenyl and Fluorinated Phenyl Substituents.
Authors: Zhang Jianmin , Shen Subo , He Shanshan , Cheng Haonan , Xu Changrui , Deng Hongmei 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe photophysical properties of the compounds are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: An Innovative and Atom‐Efficient Synthesis of Bioactive 2‐Aroylfuran Derivatives Using Macroporous Polymer‐Supported Cyanide.
Authors: Mouradzadegun Arash , Abadast Fatemeh 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn operationally simple and safe procedure is developed for the synthesis of 2‐aroylfuran derivatives via treatment of triarylpyrylium perchlorates with a cyanide‐containing resin.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic C6 Functionalization of 2,3‐Disubstituted Indoles by Scandium Triflate.
Authors: Liu Hua , Zheng Chao , You Shu‐Li 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA selective direct C6 functionalization of 2,3‐disubstituted indoles using aziridines as substrates is presented along with mechanistic investigations that support the observed selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal Synthesis of Soybean Phytoalexin Glyceollin I.
Authors: Kohno Yuta , Koso Masatsugu , Kuse Masaki , Takikawa Hirosato 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCompound (I), a key intermediate for the synthesis of title compound (II) is prepared in three steps and 40% overall yield from 3‐benzyloxyphenol.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Mediated Direct Aryl C—H Halogenation: A Strategy to Control Mono‐ and Di‐Selectivity.
Authors: Du Zhi‐Jun , Gao Lian‐Xun , Lin Ying‐Jie , Han Fu‐She 
Published: July 2014

AbstractOptimized reaction conditions are developed for the copper mediated ortho‐selective mono‐ and dihalogenation of 2‐phenylpyridines using acyl hypohalites, generated in situ from carboxylic acids and N‐halosuccinimides.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Novel 1,2,4‐Triazolo[3,4‐a]phthalazine Derivatives.
Authors: Zhang Qiu‐Rong , Xue Deng‐Qi , He Peng , Shao Kun‐Peng , Chen Peng‐Ju , Gu Yi‐Fei , Ren Jing‐Li , Shan Li‐Hong , Liu Hong‐Min 
Published: July 2014

Abstract12 Title compounds are prepared and tested for their antimicrobial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3‐Mediated Three‐Component Cascade Reaction: An Effective Approach to the Construction of Highly Functionalized Pyrrolo[1,2‐c]quinazolinones.
Authors: Zheng Hu‐Fei , Yu Zhi‐Hua , Yuan Wei , Tang Zi‐Long , Clough John , Gu Yu‐Cheng , Shi De‐Qing 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn unexpected FeCl3‐mediated three‐component cascade reaction providing access to highly functionalized pyrroloquinazolinones is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydro‐1,2‐oxazepin‐5(2H)‐ones and 2,3‐Dihydropyridin‐4(1H)‐ones from β‐Substituted β‐Hydroxyaminoaldehydes.
Authors: Ranade Adwait R. , Georg Gunda I. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of several different substituted representatives of the title compounds is presented from easy accessible chiral β‐amino aldehydes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Limonoids from the Leaves of Soymida febrifuga and Their Insect Antifeedant Activities.
Authors: Yadav P. Ashok , Suresh G. , Rao M. Suri Appa , Shankaraiah G. , Usha Rani P. , Babu K. Suresh 
Published: July 2014

Abstract3 New phragmalin‐type limonoids (I), (II), and (III) are isolated from the leaves of Soymida febrifuga together with 13 known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of the Fungal Metabolites Boletopsins 7 (Ia), 11 (Ib), and 12 (Ic) from the Papua New Guinea Medicinal Mushroom Boletopsis sp.
Authors: Beekman Andrew M. , Barrow Russell A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe title compounds (I) show weak antibiotic activity against a panel of human pathogenic bacteria.
ChemInform Abstract: Growth, Thermal Properties and Laser Operation of a New Disordered Crystal: Nd‐Doped Sr3La2(BO3)4.
Authors: Pan Zhongben , Cai Huaqiang , Huang Hui , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin , Wang Jiyang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA single crystal of Sr3La2(BO3)4:0.5 at.%Nd (orthorhombic, space group Pnma) is grown by the Czochralski method.
ChemInform Abstract: Fast Electrochemical Synthesis of NdNi5 Hydrogen Storage Alloy in Molten Salt.
Authors: Ji Hyun Sub , Ryu Hyo Yeol , Jeong Sang Mun , Cho Sung‐Wook 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNdNi5 alloy with 1600 ppm oxygen content is prepared with 50% current efficiency by electrochemical reduction of a stoichiometric mixture of Nd2O3 and NiO in molten LiCl (3.2 V cell voltage, 750 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Polyketide Construction via Hydrohydroxyalkylation and Related Alcohol C‐H Functionalizations. Reinventing the Chemistry of Carbonyl Addition
Authors: Dechert‐Schmitt Anne‐Marie R. , Schmitt Daniel C. , Gao Xin , Itoh Takahiko , Krische Michael J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractReview: 131 refs.
Rh2(S‐1,2‐NTTL)4: A Novel Rh2(S‐PTTL)4 Analog With Lower Ligand Symmetry for Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Cyclopropylphosphonates
Authors: Adly Frady G. , Maddalena Johncarlo , Ghanem Ashraf 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTA new series of dirhodium(II) tetracarboxylate was derived from N‐1,2‐naphthaloyl‐(S)‐amino acid ligands. In terms of enantioselectivity, Rh2(S‐1,2‐NTTL)4 (3a) derived from N‐1,2‐naphthaloyl‐(S)‐tert‐leucine, was the best‐performing catalyst among the new series in the enantioselective synthesis of cyclopropylphosphonate derivatives (up to >99% enantiomeric excess). A predictive model was proposed to justify the observed high enantiomeric induction exhibited by Rh2(S‐1,2‐NTTL)4 with donor‐acceptor phosphonate carbenoids. Chirality 26:764–774, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toward New Fuel Cell Support Materials: A Theoretical and Experimental Study of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene
Authors: Seo Min Ho , Choi Sung Mook , Lim Eun Ja , Kwon In Hye , Seo Joon Kyo , Noh Seung Hyo , Kim Won Bae , Han Byungchan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNano‐scale Pt particles are often reported to be more electrochemically active and stable in a fuel cell if properly displaced on support materials; however, the factors that affect their activity and stability are not well understood. We applied first‐principles calculations and experimental measurements to well‐defined model systems of N‐doped graphene supports (N‐GNS) to reveal the fundamental mechanisms that control the catalytic properties and structural integrity of nano‐scale Pt particles. DFT calculations predict thermodynamic and electrochemical interactions between N‐GNS and Pt nanoparticles in the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Moreover, the dissolution potentials of the Pt nanoparticles supported on GNS and N‐GNS catalysts are calculated under acidic conditions. Our results provide insight into the design of new support materials for enhanced catalytic efficiency and long‐term stability.
Diabetes mellitus: influences on cancer risk
Authors: Szablewski Leszek 
Published: July 2014

SummaryDiabetes mellitus and cancer are common conditions, and their co‐diagnosis in the same individual is not infrequent. The relative risks associated with type 2 diabetes are greater than twofold for hepatic, pancreatic, and endometrial cancers. The relative risk is somewhat lower, at 1.2–1.5‐fold for colorectal, breast, and bladder cancers. In comparison, the relative risk of lung cancer is less than 1. The evidence for other malignancies (e.g. kidney, non‐Hodgkin lymphoma) is inconclusive, whereas prostatic cancer occurs less frequently in male patients with diabetes. The potential biologic links between the two diseases are incompletely understood. Evidence from observational studies suggests that some medications used to treat hyperglycemia are associated with either increased or reduced risk of cancer. Whereas anti‐diabetic drugs have a minor influence on cancer risk, drugs used to treat cancer may either cause diabetes or worsen pre‐existing diabetes. If hyperinsulinemia acts as a critical link between the observed increased cancer risk and type 2 diabetes, one would predict that patients with type 1 diabetes would have a different cancer risk pattern than patients with type 2 diabetes because the former patients are exposed to lower levels of exogenous administered insulin. Obtained results showed that patients with type 1 diabetes had elevated risks of cancers of the stomach, cervix, and endometrium. Type 1 diabetes is associated with a modest excess cancer risk overall and risks of specific cancers that differ from those associated with type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activation of the neurokinin 3 receptor promotes filopodia growth and sprouting in rat embryonic hypothalamic cells
Authors: Flynn Francis W. , Kinney‐Lang Eli , Hoekstra Chelsea , Pratt Donald L. , Thakar Amit 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTMembers of the tachykinin family have trophic effects on developing neurons. The tachykinin neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) appears early in embryonic development; during the peak birthdates of hypothalamic neurons, but its involvement in neural development has not been examined. To address its possible role, immortalized embryonic hypothalamic neurons (CLU209) were treated with CellMask, a plasma membrane stain, or the membranes were imaged in CLU209 cells that were transfected with a pEGFP‐NK3R expression vector. Nontransfected cells and transfected cells were then treated with senktide, a NK3R agonist, or Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) and time‐lapse confocal images were captured for the following 30 min. Compared to DMEM, senktide treatment led to filopodia initiation from the soma of both nontransfected and transfected CLU209 cells. These filopodia had diameters and lengths of approximately 200 nm and 3 µm, respectively. Pretreatment with an IP3 receptor blocker, 2‐aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2‐APB), prevented the senktide‐induced growth in filopodia; demonstrating that NK3R‐induced outgrowth of filopodia likely involves the release of intracellular calcium. Exposure of transfected CLU209 cells to senktide for 24 h led to further growth of filopodia and processes that extended 10–20 µm. A mathematical model, composed of a linear and population model was developed to account for the dynamics of filopodia growth during a timescale of minutes. The results suggest that the ligand‐induced activation of NK3R affects early developmental processes by initiating filopodia formation that are a prerequisite for neuritogenesis. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 12–22, 2015
Wildlife road traffic accidents: a standardized protocol for counting flattened fauna
Authors: Collinson Wendy J. , Parker Daniel M. , Bernard Ric T. F. , Reilly Brian K. , Davies‐Mostert Harriet T. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrevious assessments of wildlife road mortality have not used directly comparable methods and, at present, there is no standardized protocol for the collection of such data. Consequently, there are no internationally comparative statistics documenting roadkill rates. In this study, we used a combination of experimental trials and road transects to design a standardized protocol to assess roadkill rates on both paved and unpaved roads. Simulated roadkill were positioned over a 1 km distance, and trials were conducted at eight different speeds (20–100 km·h−1). The recommended protocol was then tested on a 100‐km transect, driven daily over a 40‐day period. This recorded 413 vertebrate roadkill, comprising 106 species. We recommend the protocol be adopted for future road ecology studies to enable robust statistical comparisons between studies.
How the cascading effects of a single behavioral trait can generate personality
Authors: Dubois Frédérique , Giraldeau Luc‐Alain 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIndividuals from the same population generally vary in suites of correlated behavioral traits: personality. Yet, the strength of the behavioral correlations sometimes differs among populations and environmental conditions, suggesting that single underlying mechanisms, such as genetic constraints, cannot account for them. We propose, instead, that such suites of correlated traits may arise when a single key behavior has multiple cascading effects on several other behaviors through affecting the range of options available. For instance, an individual's shyness can constrain its habitat choice, which, in turn, could restrict the expression of other behavioral traits. We hypothesize that shy individuals should be especially restrained in their choice of habitat when the risk of predation is high, which then canalizes them into different behavioral options making them appear behaviorally distinct from bolder individuals. We test this idea using an individual‐based simulation model. Our results show that individual differences in boldness can be sufficient, under high predation pressure, to generate behavioral correlations between boldness and both the tendency to aggregate and the propensity to use social information. Thus, our findings support the idea that some behavioral syndromes can be, at least to some extent, labile. Our model further predicts that such cascading effects should be more pronounced in populations with a long history of predation, which are expected to exhibit a low average boldness level, compared with predator‐naïve populations.
Can patterns of chromosome inversions in Drosophila pseudoobscura predict polyandry across a geographical cline?
Authors: Herrera Paul , Taylor Michelle L. , Skeats Alison , Price Tom A. R. , Wedell Nina 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFemale multiple mating, known as polyandry, is ubiquitous and occurs in a wide variety of taxa. Polyandry varies greatly from species in which females mate with one or two males in their lifetime to species in which females may mate with several different males on the same day. As multiple mating by females is associated with costs, numerous hypotheses attempt to explain this phenomenon. One hypothesis not extensively explored is the possibility that polyandrous behavior is captured and “fixed” in populations via genetic processes that preserve the behavior independently of any adaptive benefit of polyandry. Here, we use female isolines derived from populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura from three locations in North America to examine whether different female remating levels are associated with patterns of chromosome inversions, which may explain patterns of polyandry across the geographic range. Populations differed with respect to the frequency of polyandry and the presence of inversion polymorphisms on the third chromosome. The population with the lowest level of female remating was the only one that was entirely comprised of homokaryotypic lines, but the small number of populations prevented us investigating this relationship further at a population level. However, we found no strong relationship between female remating levels and specific karyotypes of the various isolines.
Assessing seasonal drought stress response in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) by monitoring stem circumference and sap flow
Authors: Ježík Marek , Blaženec Miroslav , Letts Matthew G. , Ditmarová Ľubica , Sitková Zuzana , Střelcová Katarína 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSummer drought frequency is expected to increase with climate change in forested regions of Europe. To examine the physiological impacts of low soil moisture on Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.], we conducted an irrigation experiment in a Norway spruce‐dominated forest. We monitored sap flow (Qs), stem circumference and soil water potential (Ψw), measured needle water potential (Ψl), and estimated potential evapotranspiration (PET) in control and irrigated plots. Soil water availability influenced the response of Qs to PET and the impact of Qs on maximum daily stem shrinkage (MDS). The positive relationship between Qs and PET was constrained below a threshold Ψw near −0.3 MPa. MDS was higher beyond this threshold, for a given value of Qs. Higher MDS and lower tree water status (ΔW) were observed at low Ψw in control plants, suggesting the lower water potential of stems' conducting tissues. Stem circumference increase (SCI) was 62% lower in control trees following the irrigation treatment. Slight SCI recovery was observed in these trees in response to early autumn rainfall, which caused ΔW to return to its predrought state. The results demonstrate that low water availability not only reduced Qs, ΔW, SCI, Ψl and increased MDS but also altered their mutual relations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stimuli‐Responsive Dynamic Gold Complexes
Authors: Jobbágy Csaba , Deák Andrea 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe role of noncovalent interactions is reviewed in the context of the stimuli‐responsive behaviour of gold(I) and gold–heterometal complexes. These noncovalent interactions are often highly sensitive to physical (thermal, optical, electrical, mechanical, etc.) or chemical (solvents, guests, etc.) stimuli, which trigger alterations in molecular and crystal structures that lead to dynamic changes in the macroscopic properties of gold compounds. In this microreview, we have summarized some representative examples of gold(I) complexes that exhibit intriguing stimuli‐responsive properties such as thermochromic, mechanochromic, vapochromic and solvatochromic luminescence, as well as vapochromism and gas sorption. Stimuli‐responsive functional materials with specific properties have potential uses in various applications including chemical sensors, memory, data storage, security inks and separation technologies.
Assisted dying in dementia: a systematic review of the international literature on the attitudes of health professionals, patients, carers and the public, and the factors associated with these
Authors: Tomlinson Emily , Stott Joshua 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundAssisted death and dementia is a controversial topic that, in recent years, has been subject to considerable clinical, ethical and political debate.ObjectiveThis paper reviews the international literature on attitudes towards assisted dying in dementia and considers the factors associated with these.DesignA systematic literature search was conducted in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Medica Database, PsychINFO and Web of Science between 1992 and August 2013. Electronic and hand searches identified 118 potential relevant studies. Eighteen studies met the full inclusion criteria and were screened using a quality assessment tool.ResultsHealth professionals hold more restrictive views towards assisted dying, which appear less affected by their cultural background, than the public, patients and carers. However, opinions within each population vary according to dementia severity and issues of capacity, as well as differing according to factors such as age, ethnicity, gender and religion of those surveyed. There also appears to be a trend towards more accepting attitudes over time.ConclusionsSociodemographic factors can influence attitudes towards assisted dying. The impact of these, however, may also differ according to the population surveyed. The findings from this review can contribute to current debates and inform clinical practice and future research in this area. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Repeated stimulation of dopamine D1‐like receptor and hyperactivation of mTOR signaling lead to generalized seizures, altered dentate gyrus plasticity, and memory deficits
Authors: Gangarossa Giuseppe , Ceolin Laura , Paucard Alexia , Lerner‐Natoli Mireille , Perroy Julie , Fagni Laurent , Valjent Emmanuel 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe acute activation of the dopamine D1‐like receptors (D1R) is involved in a plethora of functions ranging from increased locomotor activity to the facilitation of consolidation, storage, and retrieval of memories. Although much less characterized, epileptiform activities, usually triggered by disruption of the glutamate and GABA balance, have also been reported to involve the dopaminergic transmission. Using a combination of biochemical, immunohistochemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral approaches we have investigated the consequences of repeated stimulation of D1R using the selective D1R‐like agonist SKF81297. Here, we report that repeated systemic administration of SKF81297 induces kindled seizures in mice. These seizure episodes parallel the hyperactivation of the mTOR signaling in the hippocampus, leading to disrupted long‐term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus (DG) and altered recognition memories. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin delays the development of SKF81297‐induced kindled seizures, and rescues LTP in the DG and object recognition. Our results show that repeated stimulation of D1R is sufficient to induce generalized seizures leading to the overactivation of mTOR signaling, disrupted hippocampal plasticity, and impaired long‐term recognition memories. This work highlights the interest of mTOR inhibitors as therapeutic strategies to reverse plasticity and cognitive deficits. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.