bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in blood biochemistry thrombosis parameters 24 hours after stent-assisted endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Cinar Celal , Oran Ismail , Ozdemir Halil Ibrahim , Kusbeci Mahmut , Kavakli Ramazan Kaan , Tobu Mahmut , Parildar Zuhal 
Published: August 2024

Background and purpose This study aims to elucidate the early changes in blood biochemistry thrombosis parameters following stent-assisted endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Methods Consecutive patients with unruptured aneurysms undergoing stent implantation during endovascular treatment were included in this prospective study with approval from the local ethics committee. Blood samples were collected immediately before and 24 h after the procedure for biochemical analysis, including basic thrombosis indicators, bleeding tests, and a complete blood count. Results The study included 80 patients (60 women, 20 men) with 134 aneurysms. A total of 135 stents (110 flow-diverting, 25 standard) were used. Additionally, intrasaccular coiling was utilized in 28 aneurysms among 27 patients. Following the procedure, there was a significant decrease in activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, and platelet levels, and a significant increase in prothrombin time, D-dimer, von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity/antigen ratio, and leukocyte levels in all patients. Correlation analyses revealed significant positive associations between platelet and fibrinogen levels, and a negative association between D-dimer and fibrinogen levels in the coil (−) group. Additionally, there was a significant negative correlation between aneurysm volume and vWF activity/antigen ratio, and procedure duration and thrombocyte count, while a positive association was found between aneurysm number and leukocyte count in the coil (−) group. Conclusions Analysis of blood chemistry alterations indicates that intravascular thrombosis occurs in the intracranial circulation following stent-assisted endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. This thrombotic process is more pronounced in patients whose aneurysms were left open (i.e. flow-diverting stent alone).
Single-Task and Dual-Task Gait Performance After Sport-Related Concussion: A Machine Learning Statistical Approach
Authors: Murray Nicholas G. , Szekely Brian , Taylor Madison R. , Quigley Kristen G. , McCarley Joseph , Constantino Nora , Hashida Kumiko , Tamura Kaori 
Published: August 2024

Background: This study evaluated 2 different dual-task (DT) conditions during tandem gait (TG) to predict sport-related concussion (SRC) diagnosis. Hypothesis: The best (fastest) single-task (ST) gait will differ between groups (controls vs SRC; baseline vs SRC), with auditory pure switching task (APST) response rate being the most important behavioral variable to aid prediction of SRC. Study Design: Cohort design. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A total of 409 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athlete controls and 21 team-physician-diagnosed SRC participated. All data were collected at preseason physicals (baseline) and within 7 days of injury for SRC. Each participant completed 3 conditions of TG in a pseudorandomized order: (1) ST, (2) DT with serial-7s (SS) subtractions, and (3) DT with APST. Outcomes of time-to-complete for TG and behavioral (eg, responses per second) for SS and APST were recorded for each trial. Results: ST Trials 2 ( P = 0.03) and 3 ( P = 0.01) were significantly different between controls and SRC. ST Trial 3 ( P = 0.04) was significantly different between baseline and SRC. Average responses per second for APST were significantly different between- ( P < 0.01) and within- ( P = 0.01) group. Conclusion: The results suggest that ST is significantly slower after SRC. However, DT (both SS and APST) time-to-complete are also important variables when predicting the SRC diagnosis. It is advised that both ST and DT be administered when making clinical decisions regarding postural instability after SRC. Clinical Relevance: The best ST TG time to complete gait is an important objective marker of concussion while DT paradigms, specifically SS and APST, are highly variable. DT may be more useful for clinical observable signs of SRC. Both SS and APST have unique usefulness, but APST response rate per second can be relied upon numerically for clinical decisions.
What explains trust in online mental health therapy provision platforms? An online descriptive survey
Authors: Fomicheva Elizaveta , Jyrgalbek Jasmin , Mikhaylova Oxana 
Published: August 2024

Background Currently, there is an increased interest in providing mental health care through digital devices and services, and the demand for these services is growing. Objective In this study, we considered the phenomenon of trust in online consultations, and the factors affecting this trust, within a Russian context. Methods An online survey was conducted using Google Forms in May 2023 and the data were analyzed using SPSS. All the participants were students from Moscow universities aged from 18 to 35 years. The final sample consisted of 203 students, of which 154 (75.9%) were women, 44 (21.7%) were men, and five (2.5%) preferred not to specify their gender. Results We found that students had a high level of trust, which depended on personal factors, such as experience, socio-economic status, and age, and contextual factors, such as geographical and temporal independence, price of the session, availability of recommendations, popularity of the platform, and the level of technical equipment.
Hemodynamic evaluation of intracranial arteriovenous malformations: Pre- and post-treatment 2D phase-contrast MRI measurements
Authors: Correia de Verdier Maria , Ronne-Engström Elisabeth , Borota Ljubisa , Wikström Johan 
Published: August 2024

Background Hemodynamic changes are seen in the feeding arteries of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) enables the acquisition of hemodynamic information from blood vessels. There is insufficient knowledge on which flow or velocity parameter best discriminates AVMs from healthy subjects. Purpose To evaluate PC-MRI-measured flow and velocity in feeding arteries of AVMs before and, when possible, also after treatment and to compare these measurements to corresponding measurements in healthy controls. Materials and Methods Highest flow (HF), lowest flow (LF), mean flow (MF), peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and mean velocity (MV) were measured in feeding arteries in patients with intracranial AVMs using 2D PC-MRI at 3 T. Measurements were compared to previously reported values in healthy individuals. Values in patients above the 95th percentile in the healthy cohort were categorized as pathological. Nidus volume was measured using 3D time-of-flight MR angiography. Results Ten patients with diagnosed AVMs were examined with PC-MRI. Among these, three patients also underwent follow-up PC-MRI after treatment. Pathological velocities (PSV, EDV, and MV) were seen in all five subjects with a nidus larger or equal to 5.7 cm3, whereas pathological flow values were not seen in all, that is, pathologic HF in three, pathologic LF in two, and pathologic MF in two. After treatment, there was a decrease in flow and velocity (all measured parameters). After treatment, velocities (PSV, EDV, and MV) were no longer abnormal compared to healthy controls. Conclusion Patients with a large AVM nidus show pathological velocities, but less consistent flow increases. Following treatment, velocities normalize.
HIV infection is associated with compromised tumor microenvironment adaptive immune reactivity in Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Chantziou Amanda , Brenna Cloe , Ioannidou Kalliopi , Chen Oliver Y. , Korkolopoulou Penelope , Antoniadou Anastasia , Psichogiou Mina , Papaioannou Maria , Tsirigotis Panagiotis , Foukas Periklis G. , de Leval Laurence , Petrovas Constantinos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The impact of HIV infection on the tumor microenvironment (TME) of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), one of the most common comorbidities after HIV infection, is not well understood. Here, we have used multiplexed immunofluorescence and spatial transcriptomic analysis to dissect the impact of viral infections (Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] and HIV/EBV) on cHL TME. HIV−EBV+ cHL TME was characterized by higher cell densities of CD8high T cells coexpressing inhibitory receptors (PD-1 and TIGIT), macrophage subsets, and an in situ inflammatory molecular profile associated with increased expression of T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor cell signaling pathways than HIV−EBV− cHL TME. Compared with HIV−EBV+, HIV+EBV+ cHL TME was characterized by significantly less CD8high T cells coexpressing PD-1 and TIGIT, a profile concomitant with significantly increased cell densities of CD155high neoplastic cells. Significant downregulation of in situ TCR signaling and upregulation of extracellular matrix reorganization pathways were found in HIV+EBV+ cHL TME, in line with an altered topological organization of CXCL13 and heparan sulfate, an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan. Our data reveal the complexity of the cellular and molecular composition of cHL TME in the presence of viral infections, with possible implications for combinatorial immunotherapies. Furthermore, the data suggest specific molecular targets and pathways for further investigation that could improve our understanding of possible mechanistic links between HIV and lymphomagenesis.
Salivary polyreactive antibodies andHaemophilus influenzaeare associated with respiratory infection severity in young children with recurrent respiratory infections
Authors: Koenen Mischa H. , de Steenhuijsen Piters Wouter A.A. , de Jonge Marien I. , Langereis Jeroen D. , Nierkens Stefan , Chu Mei Ling J.N. , van der Woude Roosmarijn , de Vries Robert P. , Sanders Elisabeth A.M. , Bogaert Debby , van der Vries Erhard , Boes Marianne , Verhagen Lilly M. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundRecurrent respiratory tract infections (rRTIs) are a common reason for immunodiagnostic testing in children, which relies on serum antibody level measurements. However, because RTIs predominantly affect the respiratory mucosa, serum antibodies may inaccurately reflect local immune defences. We investigated antibody responses in saliva and their interplay with the respiratory microbiota in relation to RTI severity and burden in young children with rRTIs.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study including 100 children aged <10 years with rRTIs, their family members and healthy healthcare professionals. Total and polyreactive antibody concentrations were determined in serum and saliva (ELISA); respiratory microbiota composition (16S rRNA sequencing) and respiratory viruses (quantitative PCR) were characterised in nasopharyngeal swabs. Proteomic analysis (Olink) was performed on saliva and serum samples. RTI symptoms were monitored with a daily mobile phone application and assessed using latent class analysis and negative binomial mixed models.ResultsSerum antibody levels were not associated with RTI severity. Strikingly, 28% of salivary antibodies and only 2% of serum antibodies displayed polyreactivity (p<0.001). Salivary polyreactive IgA was negatively associated with recurrent lower RTIs (adjusted OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.67–0.94) and detection of multiple respiratory viruses (adjusted OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.61–0.96).Haemophilus influenzaeabundance was positively associated with RTI symptom burden (regression coefficient 0.05, 95% CI 0.02–0.08).ConclusionThese results highlight the importance of mucosal immunity in RTI severity and burden, and suggest that the level of salivary polyreactive IgA andH. influenzaeabundance may serve as indicators of infection severity and burden in young children with rRTIs.
Supplementary oxygen efficacy for chronic pulmonary disorders and exertion desaturation
Authors: Archontakis Barakakis Paraschos , Wolfe Adam , Schwartz Andrei , Hernandez Romero Gabriel J. , Gidwani Vipul , Chauhan Shaylika , Arizono Shinichi , Panos Ralph J. , Fortis Spyridon 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionExertion-induced desaturation (EID) is a common complication of numerous pulmonary disorders and often treated with supplementary oxygen during exertion. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy of supplementary oxygen for EID in pulmonary disorders.Material and methodsMedline and Embase were systematically searched from July 2022 to June 2023 following PRISMA guidelines. RCTs that met predefined inclusion criteria were included. Means and standard deviations were extracted and standardised mean differences (SMDs), the difference in means between groups divided by the standard deviation, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Exercise capacity was the primary outcome; exercise dyspnoea, baseline dyspnoea and quality of life were secondary objectives. The immediate, post-rehabilitation, short-term and ambulatory effects of oxygen supplementation were evaluated.ResultsWe included 15 studies in our analysis. Oxygen supplementation to treat adult EID had been investigated for COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) only. Oxygen supplementation was superior to placebo for its immediate effect on exercise capacity for COPD (SMD 0.42, 95% CI 0.15–0.69, I2=3%) and IPF (SMD 0.41, 95% CI 0.08–0.75, I2=57%) and exercise dyspnoea for COPD (SMD −0.40, 95% CI −0.76–−0.04, I2=31%). Sensitivity analysis revealed similar results.ConclusionsOur study revealed the efficacy of supplemental oxygen for EID and only a positive immediate effect on exercise capacity and dyspnoea, but no improvement in other short-term or long-term measures.
Advances in medical polyesters for vascular tissue engineering
Authors: Mi Chen-Hui , Qi Xin-Ya , Zhou Yan-Wen , Ding Yan-Wen , Wei Dai-Xu , Wang Yong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBlood vessels are highly dynamic and complex structures with a variety of physiological functions, including the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic wastes. Their normal functioning involves the close and coordinated cooperation of a variety of cells. However, adverse internal and external environmental factors can lead to vascular damage and the induction of various vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and thrombosis. This can have serious consequences for patients, and there is an urgent need for innovative techniques to repair damaged blood vessels. Polyesters have been extensively researched and used in the treatment of vascular disease and repair of blood vessels due to their excellent mechanical properties, adjustable biodegradation time, and excellent biocompatibility. Given the high complexity of vascular tissues, it is still challenging to optimize the utilization of polyesters for repairing damaged blood vessels. Nevertheless, they have considerable potential for vascular tissue engineering in a range of applications. This summary reviews the physicochemical properties of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly-lactic acid (PLA), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), focusing on their unique applications in vascular tissue engineering. Polyesters can be prepared not only as 3D scaffolds to repair damage as an alternative to vascular grafts, but also in various forms such as microspheres, fibrous membranes, and nanoparticles to deliver drugs or bioactive ingredients to damaged vessels. Finally, it is anticipated that further developments in polyesters will occur in the near future, with the potential to facilitate the wider application of these materials in vascular tissue engineering.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in long covid shows the presence of dysautonomia or chronotropic incompetence independent of subjective exercise intolerance and fatigue
Authors: Mustonen Timo , Kanerva Mari , Luukkonen Ritva , Lantto Hanna , Uusitalo Arja , Piirilä Päivi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
After COVID-19 infection, 10–20% of patients suffer from varying symptoms lasting more than 12 weeks (Long COVID, LC). Exercise intolerance and fatigue are common in LC. The aim was to measure the maximal exercise capacity of the LC patients with these symptoms and to analyze whether this capacity was related to heart rate (HR) responses at rest and during exercise and recovery, to find out possible sympathetic overactivity, dysautonomia or chronotropic incompetence.

Methods
Cardiopulmonary exercise test was conducted on 101 LC patients, who were admitted to exercise testing. The majority of them (86%) had been treated at home during their acute COVID-19 infection. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), maximal power during the last 4 min of exercise (Wlast4), HRs, and other exercise test variables were compared between those with or without subjective exercise intolerance, fatigue, or both.

Results
The measurements were performed in mean 12.7 months (SD 5.75) after COVID-19 infection in patients with exercise intolerance (group EI, 19 patients), fatigue (group F, 31 patients), their combination (group EI + F, 37 patients), or neither (group N, 14 patients). Exercise capacity was, in the mean, normal in all symptom groups and did not significantly differ among them. HRs were higher in group EI + F than in group N at maximum exercise (169/min vs. 158/min, p = 0.034) and 10 min after exercise (104/min vs. 87/min, p = 0.028). Independent of symptoms, 12 patients filled the criteria of dysautonomia associated with slightly decreased Wlast4 (73% vs. 91% of sex, age, height, and weight-based reference values p = 0.017) and 13 filled the criteria of chronotropic incompetence with the lowest Wlast4 (63% vs. 93%, p < 0.001), VO2peak (70% vs. 94%, p < 0.001), the lowest increase of systolic blood pressure (50 mmHg vs. 67 mmHg, p = 0.001), and the greatest prevalence of slight ECG-findings (p = 0.017) compared to patients without these features. The highest prevalence of chronotropic incompetence was seen in the group N (p = 0.022).

Conclusions
This study on LC patients with different symptoms showed that cardiopulmonary exercise capacity was in mean normal, with increased sympathetic activity in most patients. However, we identified subgroups with dysautonomia or chronotropic incompetence with a lowered exercise capacity as measured by Wlast4 or VO2peak. Subjective exercise intolerance and fatigue poorly foresaw the level of exercise capacity. The results could be used to plan the rehabilitation from LC and for selection of the patients suitable for it.
The Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland quality improvement project and integrated chronic kidney disease system: implementation within a primary care network
Authors: Rizvi Fahad , Lakhani Niraj , Omuri Lydia , Roshan Simran , Kapasi Tariq , White Samuel J. , Wilson Philippe B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The optimisation of patients in primary care is a prime opportunity to manage patient care within the community and reduce the burden of referrals on secondary care. This paper presents a quality improvement clinical programme taking place within an NHS Primary Care Network as part of the wider Leicester Leicestershire Rutland integrated chronic kidney disease programme.

Method
Patients are optimised to guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, by a primary care clinical team who are supported by nephrology consultants and nephrology pharmacists. Multidisciplinary team meetings take place with secondary care specialists and primary care staff. Learning is passed to the community clinicians for better patient treatment locally.

Results
A total of 526 patients were reviewed under this project.The total number of referrals to secondary care which were discharged following first outpatient appointment, reduced from 42.9% to 10%. This reduction of 32.9% represents the optimisation of patient cases through this quality improvement project. Patients can be optimised and managed within the community, reducing the number of unnecessary referrals to secondary care.

Conclusion
This programme has the potential to offer significant improvement in patient outcomes when expanded to a larger patient base. Medicine management and the use of clinical staff are optimised in both primary and secondary care.
Longitudinal associations between exclusive, dual and polytobacco use and respiratory illness among youth
Authors: Zavala-Arciniega Luis , Cook Steven , Hirschtick Jana L. , Xie Yanmei , Mukerjee Richa , Arenberg Douglas , Barnes Geoffrey D. , Levy David T. , Meza Rafael , Fleischer Nancy L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The health consequences of polytobacco use are not well understood. We evaluated prospective associations between exclusive, dual, and polytobacco use and diagnosed bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough among US youth.

Methods
Data came from Waves 1–5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We categorized time-varying past 30-day tobacco use into seven categories: (1) non-current use; exclusive use of 2) cigarettes, 3) e-cigarettes, and 4) other combustible products (OC; pipes, hookah, and cigars); dual use of 5) e-cigarettes + cigarettes or e-cigarettes + OC, and 6) cigarettes + OC; and 7) polyuse of all three products. The outcome was parent-reported diagnosis of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough among youth. We conducted weighted multilevel Poisson models (person n = 17,517, 43,290 observations) to examine the longitudinal exposure-outcome relationship, adjusting for covariates: sex, age, race and ethnicity, parental education, body mass index, secondhand smoke exposure, and household use of combustible products.

Results
Compared to nonuse, exclusive cigarette use (Risk Ratio (RR) = 1.83, 95% CI 1.25–2.68), exclusive e-cigarette use (RR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.08–2.15), combustible product + e-cigarette dual use (RR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.18–3.04), cigarettes + OC dual use (RR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.11–3.48), and polytobacco use (RR = 3.06 95% CI 1.67–5.63) were associated with a higher risk of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough. In additional analyses, we found that the risk ratio for polytobacco use was higher compared to exclusive e-cigarette use (RR 2.01 CI 95% 1.02–3.95), but not higher compared to exclusive cigarette use (RR 1.67 CI 95% 0.85–3.28).

Conclusion
We found that exclusive, dual, and poly tobacco use were all associated with higher risk of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough compared to non-current use.