bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L-Phenylalanine is a metabolic checkpoint of human Th2 cells
Authors: Kulkarni Abhijeet J , Rodriguez-Coira Juan , Stocker Nino , Radzikowska Urszula , García-Cívico Antonio J , Delgado Dolset María Isabel , Contreras Nuria , Jardón Parages Inés , Saiz Sanchez Vanessa , Serrano Pilar , Izquierdo Elena , Gomez-Casado Cristina , Sanchez-Solares Javier , Pablo-Torres Carmela , Obeso David , Moreno-Aguilar Carmen , Luisa Espinazo Maria , Eljaszewicz Andrzej , Koch Jana , Baerenfaller Katja , Heider Anja , Tan Ge , Escribese Maria M , Ruiz-Leon Berta , Akdis Cezmi A , Argüello Rafael J. , Barber Domingo , Villaseñor Alma , Sokolowska Milena 
Published: July 2024

SummaryAfter the primary response, circulating memory CD4+T effector and T regulatory cells (Treg) regulate recall responses, which are impaired in allergy. Using mass spectrometry, we discovered distinct metabolomes of these cells in humans and their unique enrichment in amino acids. By assessing energy metabolism inin vitroandex vivosingle-cell analyses, we determined that increased intracellular L-phenylalanine boosts glycolysis while limiting OXPHOS in CD4+T, memory CD4+T and Th2, but not in Treg cells. L-phenylalanine also restrains memory CD4+T proliferation in an IL4I1-dependent manner and inhibits Th2 cell proliferation and differentiation. RNA-sequencing, metabolomics, flow cytometry and proteomics, validatedin vitroand across patients’ cohorts, revealed an impairment in LAT1-dependent transport of L-phenylalanine into Th2 cells in allergy with an increase in its intracellular processing, accompanied by an expansion of pathogenic Th2 cells. Thus, our study identifies L-phenylalanine as a checkpoint in the development, energy metabolism and function of Th2 cells.
Odor-based real-time detection and identification of pests and diseases attacking crop plants
Authors: Arce Carla C. M. , Mamin Marine , Röder Gregory , Kanagendran Arooran , Degen Thomas , Defossez Emmanuel , Rasmann Sergio , Akiyama Terunobu , Minami Kosuke , Yoshikawa Genki , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe , Cappellin Luca , Turlings Ted C. J. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryPlants respond to attacks by herbivores and pathogens by releasing specific blends of volatile compounds and the resulting odor can be specific for the attacking species. We tested if these odors can be used to monitor the presence of pests and diseases in agriculture. Two methods were used, one employing piezoresistive membrane surface stress sensors and the other proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry. Under laboratory conditions, both techniques readily distinguished between maize plants that were either undamaged, infested by caterpillars, or infected by a fungal pathogen. Under outdoor conditions, the spectrometer could be used to recognize plants with simulated caterpillar damage with about 80% accuracy. Further finetuning of these techniques should lead to the development of odor-sensing mobile devices capable of alerting farmers to the presence and exact location of pests and diseases in their fields.
scPRINT: pre-training on 50 million cells allows robust gene network predictions
Authors: Kalfon Jérémie , Samaran Jules , Peyré Gabriel , Cantini Laura 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA cell is governed by the interaction of myriads of macromolecules. Such a network of interaction has remained an elusive milestone in cellular biology. Building on recent advances in large foundation models and their ability to learn without supervision, we present scPRINT, a large cell model for the inference of gene networks pre-trained on more than 50M cells from the cellxgene database. Using novel pretraining methods and model architecture, scPRINT pushes large transformer models towards more interpretability and usability in uncovering the complex biology of the cell. Based on our atlas-level benchmarks, scPRINT demonstrates superior performance in gene network inference to the state of the art, as well as competitive zero-shot abilities in denoising, batch effect correction, and cell label prediction. On an atlas of benign prostatic hyperplasia, scPRINT highlights the profound connections between ion exchange, senescence, and chronic inflammation.
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NME1) catalyzes its own oligophosphorylation
Authors: Celik Arif , Schöpf Felix , Stieger Christian E. , Morgan Jeremy A. M. , Lampe Sarah , Ruwolt Max , Liu Fan , Hackenberger Christian P. R. , Roderer Daniel , Fiedler Dorothea 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProtein phosphorylation is a central regulatory mechanism in eukaryotic cell signaling, and was recently expanded to include protein pyrophosphorylation and protein polyphosphorylation. Here, we report the discovery of yet another mode of phosphorylation – protein oligophosphorylation. Using site-specifically phosphorylated and pyrophosphorylated nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NME1), the effects of these modifications on enzyme activity were investigated. Phosphorylation, and more so pyrophosphorylation, on threonine 94 notably reduced the nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity. Nevertheless, both phosphoprotein and pyrophosphoprotein were able to catalyze their own oligophosphorylation – up to the formation of a hexaphosphate chain – using ATP as a co-factor. This reaction was critically dependent on the catalytic histidine residue H118, and cryo-EM analysis of the differently modified proteins suggests an intramolecular phosphoryl transfer, likelyviaa phosphohistidine intermediate. Oligophosphorylation of NME1 in biochemical samples, as well as cell lysates, was further confirmed using mass spectrometry, and oligophophorylation promoted a new set of protein interactions. Our results highlight the complex nature of phosphoregulation, and the methods described here provide the opportunity to investigate the impact of this novel modification in the future.
Constraining the mass-spectra in the presence of a light sterile neutrino from absolute mass-related observables
Authors: Goswami Srubabati , Pachhar Debashis , Pan Supriya 
Published: July 2024

The framework of three-flavor neutrino oscillation is a well-established phenomenon, but results from the short-baseline experiments, such as the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) and MiniBooster Neutrino Experiment (MiniBooNE), hint at the potential existence of an additional light neutrino state characterized by a mass-squared difference of approximately 1  eV2. The new neutrino state is devoid of all Standard Model (SM) interactions, commonly referred to as a “sterile” state. In addition, a sterile neutrino with a mass-squared difference of 10−2  eV2 has been proposed to improve the tension between the results obtained from the Tokai to Kamioka (T2K) and the NuMI Off-axis νe Appearance (NOνA) experiments. Further, the nonobservation of the predicted upturn in the solar neutrino spectra below 8 MeV can be explained by postulating an extra light sterile neutrino state with a mass-squared difference around 10−5  eV2. The hypothesis of an additional light sterile neutrino state introduces four distinct mass spectra depending on the sign of the mass-squared difference. In this paper, we discuss the implications of the above scenarios on the observables that depend on the absolute mass of the neutrinos; namely, the sum of the light neutrino masses (Σ) from cosmology, the effective mass of the electron neutrino from beta decay (mβ), and the effective Majorana mass (mββ) from neutrinoless double beta decay. We show that some scenarios can be disfavored by the current constraints of the above variables. The implications for projected sensitivity of Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment (KATRIN) and future experiments like Project-8, next Enriched Xenon Observatory (nEXO) are discussed.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
GeV-scale dark matter with
p
-wave Breit-Wigner enhanced annihilation
Authors: Bélanger Genevieve , Chakraborti Sreemanti , Génolini Yoann , Salati Pierre 
Published: July 2024

We consider a light scalar dark matter candidate with mass in the GeV range whose p-wave annihilation is enhanced through a Breit-Wigner resonance. The annihilation actually proceeds in the s-channel via a dark photon mediator whose mass is nearly equal to the masses of the incoming particles. We compute the temperature at which kinetic decoupling between dark matter and the primordial plasma occurs and show that including the effect of kinetic decoupling can reduce the dark matter relic density by orders of magnitude. For typical scalar masses ranging from 200 MeV to 5 GeV, we determine the range of values allowed for the dark photon couplings to the scalar and to the standard model particles after requiring the relic density to be in agreement with the value extracted from cosmological observations. We then show that μ and y-distortions of the cosmic microwave background spectrum and x-ray data from XMM-Newton strongly constrain the model and rule out the region where the dark matter annihilation cross section is strongly enhanced at small dispersion velocities. Constraints from direct detection searches and from accelerator searches for dark photons offer complementary probes of the model.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Hot corrosion behavior of selective laser melted TiC/GT D222 nickel-based composite in 75% Na2SO4 and 25% K2SO4 molten salt medium at 900°C
Authors: Lv Yuting , Ouyang Xing , Liu Yaojie , Tian Ying , Wang Rui , Wei Guijiang 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the differences in hot corrosion behavior of the GTD222 superalloy and TiC/GTD222 composite in a mixed salt of 75% Na2SO4 and 25% K2SO4 at 900°C.

Design/methodology/approach
The GTD222 superalloy and TiC/GTD222 nickel-based composite were prepared using selective laser melting (SLM). Subsequently, the hot corrosion behavior of the two alloys was systematically investigated in a salt mixture consisting of 75% Na2SO4 and 25% K2SO4 (Wt.%) at 900°C.

Findings
The TiC/GTD222 composite exhibited better hot corrosion resistance compared to the GTD222 superalloy. First, the addition of alloying elements led to the formation of a protective oxide film on the TiC/GTD222 composites 20 h before hot corrosion. Second, TiC/GTD222 composite corrosion surface has a higher Ti content, after 100 h of hot corrosion, the composite corrosion surface Ti content of 10.8% is more than two times the GTD222 alloy 4% Ti. The Ti and Cr oxides are tightly bonded, effectively resisting the erosion of corrosive elements.

Originality/value
The hot corrosion behavior of GTD222 superalloy and TiC/GTD222 composites prepared by SLM in a mixed salt of 75% Na2SO4 and 25% K2SO4 was studied for the first time. This study provides insights into the design of high-temperature alloys resistant to hot corrosion.
Good corporate governance, firm performance and COVID-19
Authors: Putra Ferdy 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis research is designed to analyze the effectiveness of the audit committee, nomination and remuneration committee, and ownership structure on company performance and how COVID-19 moderates the influence of these governance mechanisms on company performance.Design/methodology/approach437 annual reports of Indonesian manufacturing companies from 2018 to 2021 were used as research samples using multiple regression analysis and moderated regression analysis.FindingsGood corporate governance plays a role in improving company performance. The presence of COVID-19 affects corporate governance, thereby reducing performance, but good corporate governance can limit this impact.Practical implicationsThis research helps companies understand the effectiveness of the supervisory function in improving company performance. This research provides input for companies, regulators, and policymakers to pay attention to good corporate governance, especially when facing a crisis.Originality/valueTo my knowledge, research that examines corporate governance mechanisms and company performance related to COVID-19 and investigates whether COVID-19 moderates the influence of corporate governance mechanisms on company performance has never been conducted.
It makes me happy: anthropomorphism increases consumer preference for healthy food
Authors: Zhao Yichen , Zhou Shoujiang , Kang Qi 
Published: July 2024

PurposePeople frequently experience a conflict between immediate pleasure and long-term health when consuming healthy food. This study investigates how anthropomorphizing healthy food influences consumers’ sense of pleasure and their subsequent food preferences.Design/methodology/approachUsing different samples and food items, the authors conducted five online or laboratory studies to provide empirical support for the research hypothesis, rule out potential alternative explanations, and demonstrate boundary conditions.FindingsBy conducting five empirical studies involving self-reported and actual eating preferences, this study found that anthropomorphism increases consumer preference for and actual intake of healthy food. Such an anthropomorphism effect is driven by the increased positive affect evoked by anthropomorphism. However, this positive effect is suppressed for consumers who experience low trust in their affective feelings. Additionally, the effect is weakened when consumers readily attribute their affective feelings to a target-irrelevant source.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on healthy consumption, anthropomorphism, and mood, revealing whether and how food anthropomorphism affects consumers. For marketers in the field of healthy food and relevant policymakers, anthropomorphic means can be employed, such as giving products human names, to enhance consumer preference for them. Moreover, anthropomorphizing can help alleviate consumers’ concerns about the relative lack of pleasurable taste in healthy foods and compensate for the lack of hedonic value that consumers may feel, thereby enhancing consumer welfare.HighlightsAnthropomorphism increases consumer preference for healthy food and actual intake of it.The anthropomorphism effect is driven by the increased positive affect evoked by anthropomorphism, through which affective feelings offer evaluative and decisional informativeness for judgments and decision-making.The positive effect of anthropomorphism is suppressed for consumers who experience low trust in their affective feelings.The anthropomorphism effect is weakened when consumers readily attribute their affective feelings to a target-irrelevant source.
Caring or selling? Communicating values or promoting products in PR education
Authors: Barlik Jacek 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis study examines the role of values, social causes, PR ethics and sustainability in public relations (PR) curricula in a European country. PR students are asked about the value of learning imponderabilia versus technical skills needed in the PR industry.Design/methodology/approachThe method used for this study is a quantitative online survey among PR students from six public universities with established PR programs. The study is another part of a long-term project about PR education, students' job prospects, the usefulness of PR studies at work and the role of values and technical skills in PR curricula.FindingsThis study shows that the PR students believe that their profession should include broader social issues, like equality, ethics, activism and ESG (ecological, social and governance). Most students report that their curricula cover ethics, sustainability and social responsibility and that these subjects would be useful in their future careers.Research limitations/implicationsEven though the study was conducted in one European country, it may be interesting to scholars and practitioners elsewhere and may be adopted and replicated.Practical implicationsIdentifying PR students' needs, expectations and attitudes towards the PR industry and understanding the worldviews of new graduates, with their commitment to social causes and activism, should be helpful to their teachers and instructors, future employers or clients in terms of faster and more efficient onboarding.Social implicationsA better understanding of the current requirements for graduates of PR studies should help them find enough opportunities in the job market and improve the organizational communication of their future employers.Originality/valueMeasuring PR students' opinions on their educational experience, the role of professional skills and socially conscious, ethically oriented classes can contribute to better formulation of PR curricula and may be useful for the PR industry and academia in other countries.
Strategies for implementing risk management in Brazilian state governments
Authors: de Lorena Ana Luiza Freire , Costa Ana Paula Cabral Seixas 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis study explores how public sector risk management (RM) is implemented in 6 Brazilian state governments, given the existence of contextual factors in the settings.Design/methodology/approachThe cases were selected following a methodological protocol, resulting in the collection of 12 interviews with government policymakers (GPMs), supplemented with legislation and website content. All collected data were analysed through the qualitative content analysis method under the multi-case study methodology.FindingsEmpirical evidence shows that the settings strive to operationalise public sector RM by using implementation strategies. These strategies are developed by the GPMs and represent the consequence of the influence of three perceived contextual factors: weak sup-port from some public top managers, a pre-existent innovation-oriented culture, and risk types. Moreover, developing the maturity of RM implementation was observed as being difficult given the weak support from public top managers.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that RM is not always easily implemented in the public context. Therefore, this article provides some tips that help mitigating this problem by involving actions that stimulate a deeper engagement of public top managers and that bring RM to a more strategic place in the governments.Originality/valueThis article explores RM in the public sector at the government level, demonstrating that strategies can be developed by GPMs to address contextual factors that can make the implementation of RM difficult, as indicated in the study.
Designing virtual mentoring programs based on students’ motivation to participate: a qualitative study
Authors: Hennig Frederike , Wesche Jenny Sarah , Handke Lisa , Kerschreiter Rudolf 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Mentoring supports children, adolescents and young adults on their career paths and presents an important extracurricular educational format. The COVID-19 pandemic created a strong impetus for the deployment of virtual mentoring programs (VMPs), in which mentors and mentees communicate completely or predominantly through information and communication technologies (ICTs). Because it is unclear whether VMPs remain an attractive offer to mentors and mentees in post-pandemic times, this study aims to investigate the specific motivations of mentors and mentees to participate in VMPs and to draw conclusions about the effective design of VMPs.

Design/methodology/approach
In a qualitative study, the authors recruited 200 university students for an online survey, in which participants provided text responses regarding their motivations to participate in a youth or academic VMP as a mentor or mentee.

Findings
Potential mentors and mentees expect social components in VMPs. However, the results suggest that participants expect less psychosocial compared to career-related support from virtual mentoring, expect meaningful connections to be established only to a certain extent and do not expect role modeling from mentors. Furthermore, participants voiced mixed opinions about the virtual nature of mentoring programs, revealing a general field of tension (i.e. virtuality improves flexibility vs virtuality impairs relationship building). On this basis, design suggestions regarding VMPs are provided.

Originality/value
This study expands existing knowledge about VMPs by analyzing relevant factors when forming the intention to participate in a mentoring program, considering both youth and academic mentoring.
Design and application of a vehicle robot to FAST reflector surface
Authors: Zhu Lichun , Jiang Zhiqian , Qiao Long , Zou Meng , Chen Guangming 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to introduce a wheeled vehicle robot for adapting to the surface terrain of the 500-m diameter reflector of the FAST radio telescope in China.

Design/methodology/approach
By analyzing vehicles applied for different off-road environments, a six-wheeled architecture with a passive “triple-bogie” suspension is selected. A subscale model of the vehicle robot is designed, along with statics modeling and multibody simulations of the dynamics on simulated reflector panel surfaces. The slope- and step-climbing abilities of the subscale vehicle are discussed in accordance with numerical and experimental tests. An engineering scale vehicle is subsequently manufactured and tested on surface terrains of lateral as well as vertical gaps, and is finally validated on the FAST reflector.

Findings
This model of vehicle robot exhibits strong structure stability under desired payload. It can stably cross lateral gaps for maximum surface slope 28° and can traverse vertical gap for maximum surface slope 23°. The traversing abilities satisfy the mobility requirements subjected to surface terrains of FAST reflector.

Originality/value
The engineering vehicle robot negotiates the lateral as well as vertical gaps between triangle panels and has been successfully applied to the FAST reflector serving for inspection and maintenance work.