bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lin28a protects against cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic mice through the insulin‐PI3K‐mTOR pathway
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Sun Dongdong , Li Shuang , Pan Xietian , Zhang Xiaotian , Zhu Di , Li Congye , Zhang Rongqing , Gao Erhe , Wang Haichang 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe insulin‐PI3K‐mTOR pathway exhibits a variety of cardiovascular activities including protection against I/R injury. Lin28a enhanced glucose uptake and insulin‐sensitivity via insulin‐PI3K‐mTOR signalling pathway. However, the role of lin28a on experimental cardiac I/R injury in diabetic mice are not well understood. Diabetic mice underwent 30 min. of ischaemia followed by 3 hrs of reperfusion. Animals were randomized to be treated with lentivirus carrying lin28a siRNA (siLin28a) or lin28a cDNA (Lin28a) 72 hrs before coronary artery ligation. Myocardial infarct size (IS), cardiac function, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondria morphology in diabetic mice who underwent cardiac I/R injury were compared between groups. The target proteins of lin28a were examined by western blot analysis. Lin28a overexpression significantly reduced myocardial IS, improved LV ejection fraction (LVEF), decreased myocardial apoptotic index and alleviated mitochondria cristae destruction in diabetic mice underwent cardiac I/R injury. Lin28a knockdown exacerbated cardiac I/R injury as demonstrated by increased IS, decreased LVEF, increased apoptotic index and aggravated mitochondria cristae destruction. Interestingly, pre‐treatment with rapamycin abolished the beneficial effects of lin28a overexpression. Lin28a overexpression increased, while Lin28a knockdown decreased the expression of IGF1R, p‐Akt, p‐mTOR and p‐p70s6k after cardiac I/R injury in diabetic mice. Rapamycin pre‐treatment abolished the effects of increased p‐mTOR and p‐p70s6k expression exerted by lin28a overexpression. This study indicates that lin28a overexpression reduces IS, improves cardiac function, decreases cardiomyocyte apoptosis index and alleviates cardiomyocyte mitochondria impairment after cardiac I/R injury in diabetic mice. The mechanism responsible for the effects of lin28a is associated with the insulin‐PI3K‐mTOR dependent pathway.
Bone‐forming capacity of adult human nasal chondrocytes
Authors: Pippenger Benjamin E , Ventura Manuela , Pelttari Karoliina , Feliciano Sandra , Jaquiery Claude , Scherberich Arnaud , Walboomers X Frank , Barbero Andrea , Martin Ivan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractNasal chondrocytes (NC) derive from the same multipotent embryological segment that gives rise to the majority of the maxillofacial bone and have been reported to differentiate into osteoblast‐like cells in vitro. In this study, we assessed the capacity of adult human NC, appropriately primed towards hypertrophic or osteoblastic differentiation, to form bone tissue in vivo. Hypertrophic induction of NC‐based micromass pellets formed mineralized cartilaginous tissues rich in type X collagen, but upon implantation into subcutaneous pockets of nude mice remained avascular and reverted to stable hyaline‐cartilage. In the same ectopic environment, NC embedded into ceramic scaffolds and primed with osteogenic medium only sporadically formed intramembranous bone tissue. A clonal study could not demonstrate that the low bone formation efficiency was related to a possibly small proportion of cells competent to become fully functional osteoblasts. We next tested whether the cues present in an orthotopic environment could induce a more efficient direct osteoblastic transformation of NC. Using a nude rat calvarial defect model, we demonstrated that (i) NC directly participated in frank bone formation and (ii) the efficiency of survival and bone formation by NC was significantly higher than that of reference osteogenic cells, namely bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells. This study provides a proof‐of‐principle that NC have the plasticity to convert into bone cells and thereby represent an easily available cell source to be further investigated for craniofacial bone regeneration.
Replication of the association of GLT6D1 with aggressive periodontitis in a Sudanese population
Authors: Hashim Nada T. , Linden Gerard J. , Ibrahim Muntasir E. , Gismalla Bakri G. , Lundy Fionnuala T. , Hughes Francis J. , El Karim Ikhlas A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundSusceptibility to aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is influenced by genetic as well as environmental factors. Studies linking gene variants to AgP have been mainly centred in developed countries with limited data from Africa.AimTo investigate whether previously reported candidate gene associations with AgP could be replicated in a population from Sudan.MethodsThe investigation was a case–control design. Cases with AgP (n = 132) and controls (n = 136) were identified from patients attending the Periodontal Department in Khartoum Dental Hospital. Genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. Analysis focused on gene variants with a minor allele frequency (MAF) > 25% in the Sudanese subjects that had previously been reported to be associated with AgP.ResultsOne candidate gene rs1537415 (GLT6D1) was significantly associated with AgP, OR = 1.50 (95% CI 1.04–2.17), p = 0.0295 (increasing to p = 0.09 after correction for multiple testing). The association strengthened to OR = 1.56 (95% CI 1.15–2.16), p = 0.0042 when the controls were supplemented with data from the Hap map for the Yoruba in Ibadan (n = 147) and remained significant (p = 0.013) after correction for multiple testing.ConclusionThe study independently replicated the finding that rs1537415, a variant in glycosyl transferase gene GLT6D1, is associated with AgP and provided the first report of genetic associations with AgP in a Sudanese population.
Quantitative genetic properties of four measures of deformity in yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833
Authors: Nguyen N H , Whatmore P , Miller A , Knibb W 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe main aim of this study was to estimate the heritability for four measures of deformity and their genetic associations with growth (body weight and length), carcass (fillet weight and yield) and flesh‐quality (fillet fat content) traits in yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi. The observed major deformities included lower jaw, nasal erosion, deformed operculum and skinny fish on 480 individuals from 22 families at Clean Seas Tuna Ltd. They were typically recorded as binary traits (presence or absence) and were analysed separately by both threshold generalized models and standard animal mixed models. Consistency of the models was evaluated by calculating simple Pearson correlation of breeding values of full‐sib families for jaw deformity. Genetic and phenotypic correlations among traits were estimated using a multitrait linear mixed model in ASReml. Both threshold and linear mixed model analysis showed that there is additive genetic variation in the four measures of deformity, with the estimates of heritability obtained from the former (threshold) models on liability scale ranging from 0.14 to 0.66 (SE 0.32–0.56) and from the latter (linear animal and sire) models on original (observed) scale, 0.01–0.23 (SE 0.03–0.16). When the estimates on the underlying liability were transformed to the observed scale (0, 1), they were generally consistent between threshold and linear mixed models. Phenotypic correlations among deformity traits were weak (close to zero). The genetic correlations among deformity traits were not significantly different from zero. Body weight and fillet carcass showed significant positive genetic correlations with jaw deformity (0.75 and 0.95, respectively). Genetic correlation between body weight and operculum was negative (−0.51, P < 0.05). The genetic correlations' estimates of body and carcass traits with other deformity were not significant due to their relatively high standard errors. Our results showed that there are prospects for genetic selection to improve deformity in yellowtail kingfish and that measures of deformity should be included in the recording scheme, breeding objectives and selection index in practical selective breeding programmes due to the antagonistic genetic correlations of deformed jaws with body and carcass performance.
Steady Shear Flow Behavior and Thixotropy of Wheat Starch Gel: Impact of Chemical Modification, Concentration and Saliva Addition
Authors: Yousefi A.R. , Razavi S.M.A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe rheological properties of native wheat starch (NWS), cross‐linked wheat starch (CLWS) and hydroxypropylated wheat starch (HPWS) gels at two concentrations (8 and 12%) and in the presence and absence of saliva at 37C were investigated. More decrease in viscosity was observed for the HPWS (83.33%) gel samples at simulated mouth conditions (SMCs) compared to the NWS (32.05%) and CLWS (23.88%) gel samples. In the absence of saliva, the Herschel–Bulkley and Sisko models were the best ones to describe viscous flow behavior of all starch gels. The highest thixotropy extent was obtained for the HPWS (1.98–9.26) while no statistically significant difference was observed for that between the NWS and CLWS gel samples (P > 0.05). The first‐order stress decay model predicted the closest data in the SMC. The results suggested that chemical modification such as hydroxypropylation and cross‐linking can be used to manipulate or modify the rheological behavior of starch in the mouth conditions.Practical ApplicationsBecause of many nutritional, technological and textural advantages of starch in food and pharmaceutical systems, it is receiving much more attention. Investigation of the changes in such bioactive carbohydrates in gastrointestinal tract has recently been considered. Study of the rheological parameters is one of the ways to find the influence of each digestion process on the structural properties of starch samples. In this work, steady shear flow behavior and thixotropy of wheat starch gel affected by the type of wheat starch (native, cross‐linked and hydroxypropylated), concentration and saliva addition (SMCs) were studied. Investigation of rheological properties in a SMC allows a better understanding of food structure in the mastication condition, which can be used to develop a food product with special mouthfeel or for special consumers like people with dysphagia.
HepatitisBvirus mutation may play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Zhou Hua‐ying , Luo Yue , Chen Wen‐dong , Gong Guo‐zhong 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackground and AimsA number of studies have confirmed that antiviral therapy with nucleotide analogs (NAs) can improve the prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative therapy. However, what factors affected the prognosis ofHBV‐HCCafter removal of the primary tumor and inhibition ofHBVreplication? A meta‐regression analysis was conducted to explore the prognostic factor for this subgroup of patients.MethodsMEDLINE,EMBASE,Web ofScience, andCochrane library were searched fromJanuary 1995 toFebruary 2014 for clinical trials evaluating the effect ofNAson the prognosis ofHBV‐HCCafter curative therapy. Data were extracted for host, viral, and intervention information. Single‐arm meta‐analysis was performed to assess overall survival (OS) rates andHCCrecurrence. Meta‐regression analysis was carried out to explore risk factors for 1‐yearOSrate andHCCrecurrence forHBV‐HCCpatients after curative therapy and antiviral therapy.ResultsFourteen observational studies with 1284 patients met the inclusion criteria. Influential factors for prognosis ofHCCwere mainly baseline HBeAg positivity, cirrhotic stage, advanced Tumor‐Node‐Metastasis (TNM) stage, macrovascular invasion, and antiviral agent type. The 1‐yearOSrate decreased by more than four times (coefficient −4.45,P < 0.001) and the 1‐yearHCCrecurrence increased by more than one time (coefficient 1.20,P = 0.003) when lamivudine was chosen forHCCafter curative therapy, relative to entecavir forHCC.ConclusionsHBV mutation may play a role inHCCrecurrence. Entecavir or tenofovir, a high genetic barrier to resistance, should be recommended forHBV‐HCCpatients.
Dysfunction of liver regeneration in aged liver after partial hepatectomy
Authors: Enkhbold Chinbold , Morine Yuji , Utsunomiya Tohru , Imura Satoru , Ikemoto Tetsuya , Arakawa Yusuke , Saito Yu , Yamada Shinichiro , Ishikawa Daichi , Shimada Mitsuo 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackground and AimA remarkable feature of the liver is its regenerative capacity following partial hepatectomy. However, the regenerative capacity of many organs and tissues loses its natural ability to divide with aging. In this study, we investigated the association of aging with endoplasmic reticulum stress, the cell cycle, autophagy, and apoptosis‐related genes during liver regeneration after hepatectomy.MethodsBalb/c 4‐week and 40‐week‐old male mice were subjected to 70% hepatectomy. Animals were sacrificed at 24, 48, and 72 h after hepatectomy. Immunohistochemical stainings for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, LC3, Atg5, and caspase‐3 were used to quantify protein expression. Real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction was used to detect p16, CHOP, LC3, Atg5, hepatocyte growth factor, cMet, cyclin D1, cyclin A2, and caspase‐3 expression.ResultsAfter hepatectomy, old group showed a lower survival rate and significantly lower expression of hepatocyte growth factor, cMet, cyclin D1, cyclin A2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index, and SMP30 compared with young group. The liver weight/body weight ratio was significantly lower at 48 h and 72 h after hepatectomy and was accompanied by markedly elevated levels of the liver cell injury markers, LC3 and caspase‐3. Immunohistochemical results showed that LC3, Atg5, and caspase‐3 protein expression were higher in old group than in young group.ConclusionThese results revealed that impaired liver regeneration was due to aging, which was expressed by decreased cell cycle and increased autophagy and apoptosis. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis for aged liver regeneration might provide a new therapeutic option for old patients.
The Use of Impella 2.5 in Severe Refractory Cardiogenic Shock Complicating an Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: CASASSUS FREDERIC , CORRE JEROME , LEROUX LIONEL , CHEVALEREAU PIERRE , FRESSELINAT AURELIE , SEGUY BENJAMIN , CALDERON JOACHIM , COSTE PIERRE , OUATTARA ALEXANDRE , ROQUES XAVIER , BARANDON LAURENT 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesTo investigate the outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) who underwent mechanical circulatory support with Impella 2.5.BackgroundAMI complicated by CS remains a highly fatal condition. A potent and minimally invasive left ventricular assist device might improve patient outcomes.MethodsWe analyzed the procedural characteristics and outcomes of 22 consecutive patients who underwent, between July 2008 and December 2012, a percutaneous coronary intervention and Impella 2.5 support for AMI complicated by CS refractory to first‐line therapy with inotropes and/or Intra‐aortic balloon pump.ResultsIn this analysis, patients were relatively young with a mean age of 57.9 ± 11.6 year old and 59.1% were male. The majority of patients (77.3%) were admitted in CS and 40.9% sustained cardiac arrest prior to admission. Hemodynamics improved significantly upon initiation of support, end‐organ and tissue perfusion improved subsequently demonstrated by a significant decrease in lactate levels from 6.37 ± 5.3 mmol/L to 2.41 ± 2.1 mmo/L, (P =  0.008) after 2 days of support. Thirteen (59.1%) patients were successfully weaned‐off Impella 2.5 and 4 (18.2%) were transitioned to another device. We observed a functional recovery of the left ventricle when compared to baseline (43 ± 10% vs. 27 ± 9%, P < 0.0001). The survival rate at 6 months and 1 year was 59.1% and 54.5%, respectively.ConclusionImpella 2.5 was initiated as a last resort therapy to support very sick patients with refractory CS after failed conventional therapy. The use of the device yielded favorable short and mid‐term survival results with recovery being the most frequently observed outcome. (J Interven Cardiol 2015;28:41–50)
Incidence and Predictors of Late Complete Heart Block After Alcohol Septal Ablation Treatment of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
Authors: SCHULLER JOSEPH L. , ZIPSE MATTHEW M. , KRANTZ MORI J. , BLAKER BRIAN , SALCEDO ERNESTO , GROVES BERTRON M. , MESSENGER JOHN C. , BEATY BRENDA , SAUER WILLIAM H. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesThis study was designed to identify the incidence of late complete heart block (CHB) first identified at least 48 hours post alcohol septal ablation (ASA).BackgroundSeptal reduction with ASA is a therapeutic option for patients with symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HCM). CHB, resulting from the septal infarct, is a known complication with a reported incidence of 9–22%. The incidence of CHB more than 48 hours post‐procedure is unknown.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent ASA were analyzed and clinical characteristics associated with late CHB were assessed. Late CHB was defined as first identification of CHB more than 48 hours after ASA.ResultsFrom 2002–2013, 145 subjects underwent 168 ASA procedures and were followed for a mean of 3.2 +/− 2.3 years. The incidence of late CHB was 8.9% (15/168 ASA procedures). Heart block occurred from 48 hours to 3‐years post‐procedure. In a multivariable model, patients with any CHB were more likely to have had multiple ASA procedures (OR 4.14; 95% CI: 1.24, 13.9; P < 0.05) and high resting and provoked left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient assessed by catheterization (OR per 10 mmHg gradient 1.14; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.20; P < 0.05). After multivariable adjustment, only a high provokable LVOT gradient remained an independent predictor of late CHB (OR per 10 mmHg gradient 1.14 [95% CI 1.02–1.29]).ConclusionsLate CHB is a common complication of ASA for treatment of symptomatic HCM. Post‐discharge electrocardiographic surveillance for atrioventricular conduction disease should be considered after ASA, especially for those with a high provokable LVOT gradient. (J Interven Cardiol 2015;28:90–97)
Effectiveness of MitraClip Therapy in Patients with Refractory Heart Failure
Authors: ADAMO MARIANNA , BARBANTI MARCO , CURELLO SALVATORE , FIORINA CLAUDIA , CHIARI ERMANNA , CHIZZOLA GIULIANO , CAPODANNO DAVIDE , TAMBURINO CORRADO , METRA MARCO , ETTORI FEDERICA 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesTo assess outcomes for MitraClip therapy in patients with refractory heart failure (HF) and mitral regurgitation (MR) ≥3+.BackgroundThe beneficial role of Mitraclip also in patients with severe HF has been reported.MethodsOut of 45 patients undergoing MitraClip implantation at our institute, 16 were on refractory HF defined as diuretics and/or inotropics infusion and/or IABP dependence (group A) or labile haemodynamic balance (group B).ResultsPatients were aged 69 ± 13 years and 75% were males. Group A (8 patients) had a mean hospitalization length before MitraClip procedure of 5333 days. Group B (8 patients) had a mean rate of hospitalization, in the last 50 days before procedure, of 254 days. Acute procedural success was observed in 94% of patients. All but one patients of group A were quickly weaned from pharmacologic and/or mechanical supports within 5 ± 3 days from procedure and discharged at 20±10 days. All patients of group B were discharged after 10±8 days from MitraClip. At 1 year: a) cumulative survival rate was 78%; b) all patients were in NYHA functional class ≤ II; c) residual MR ≤ 2 was observed in 90%; d) systolic pulmonary arterial pressure was significantly reduced compared to the baseline (from 5410 to 398; p = 0,008); e) significant reduction of cumulative HF hospitalization days in the post‐procedure year (10 days) compared to the pre‐implantation year (280 days; p = 0.023) was observed.ConclusionsIn patients with refractory HF and MR ≥3+, MitraClip implantation resulted in acute and persistent clinical benefit and net reduction of HF re‐hospitalization. (J Interven Cardiol 2015;28:61–68)
Trajectories of body mass index amongst children who develop type 2 diabetes as adults
Authors: Eriksson J. G. , Kajantie E. , Lampl M. , Osmond C. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectiveType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the trajectories of childhood growth associated with T2D.Design and subjectsA total of 13 345 individuals born in Helsinki, Finland between 1934 and 1944 were included in the study. The participants' growth had been recorded in detail during childhood, and 11.7% (n = 1558) had been diagnosed with T2D. We divided the cohort around the median body mass index (BMI) at 11 years. Body composition and glucose tolerance were assessed in a clinical subsample (n = 2003) in adulthood.ResultsTwo pathways of growth were associated with T2D. Both began with low weight and BMI at birth. In one, persistent low BMI through infancy was followed by a rapid increase in BMI in childhood. Amongst individuals with a BMI at 11 years above the median value, the odds ratio for T2D associated with a one z‐score increase in BMI between 2 and 11 years was 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.21–1.42, P < 0.001). In the other pathway, low BMI at birth, accompanied by short length at birth, was followed by low BMI in childhood. Most women who developed diabetes followed this trajectory; they developed T2D at a lower BMI and lower fat percentage than women with a BMI above the median at 11 years of age.ConclusionsTwo pathways of early growth trigger T2D. Low fat deposition leading to thinness at birth and during infancy results in fat acquisition during childhood. Reduced linear growth leading to short length at birth is associated with lower body fat percentage in adulthood but increased risk of developing diabetes.
Onyx‐HD 500 Embolization of a Traumatic Internal Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm after Transsphenoidal Surgery
Authors: Patel Akshal S. , Horton Tristram G. , Kalapos Paul , Cockroft Kevin M. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETraumatic intracranial pseudoaneurysms present a challenge for treatment. Traditionally these lesions have required a deconstructive approach consisting of vessel sacrifice since their fragile nature often makes direct microsurgical repair or coil embolization hazardous. As a high‐viscosity liquid embolic agent that results in immediate, vessel sparing aneurysm occlusion, Onyx‐HD 500 represents a uniquely efficacious tool for this clinical situation.CASE SUMMARYWe report the case of a 56‐year‐old right‐handed gentleman who suffered a vascular injury to the ICA during revision transsphenoidal surgery for a recurrent pituitary macroadenoma. The patient was initially treated with nasal packing, but after recurrent episodes of epistaxis and a CT angiogram demonstrating a large traumatic ICA pseudoaneurysm, the patient was referred for invasive treatment. Given the presumed fragility of the lesion, embolization with Onyx‐HD 500 was chosen in order to safely achieve immediate aneurysm occlusion without the need for vessel sacrifice. After an early recurrence due to incomplete initial embolization, the patient went on to complete occlusion without further hemorrhage.CONCLUSIONThis case illustrates the utility of a high‐viscosity liquid embolic agent in providing immediate protection from rehemorrhage by occluding a large ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the proximal intracranial ICA, while sparing the parent artery.