bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of renewable energy technologies in Colombia: comparative evaluation using TOPSIS and TOPSIS fuzzy metaheuristic models
Authors: Moreno Rocha Christian Manuel , Arenas Buelvas Daina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study investigates the weighting and hierarchization of renewable energy sources in specific geographical regions of Colombia using the TOPSIS and Diffuse TOPSIS metaheuristic models. 5 regions were analyzed, two of them with different scenarios: Caribbean 1 and 2, Pacific 1 and 2, Andean, Amazonian and Orinoquia. The results reveal significant differences in the evaluation of technologies between the two models. In the Caribbean 1, Diffuse TOPSIS gave a higher score to Solar Photovoltaics, while TOPSIS favored Hydropower. In the Caribbean 2, Solar Photovoltaic obtained similar scores in both models, but Wind was rated better by TOPSIS. In the Pacific Region 1, Biomass and large-scale Hydropower led according to both models. In the Pacific 2, Solar Photovoltaic was better evaluated by TOPSIS, while Wind was preferred by Diffuse TOPSIS. In the Andean Region, large-scale hydroelectric and Solar photovoltaic plants obtained high scores in both models. In the Amazon, Biomass led in both models, although with differences in scores. In Orinoquia, Solar Photovoltaic was rated higher by both models. The relevance of this research lies in its ability to address not only Colombia's immediate energy demands, but also in its ability to establish a solid and replicable methodological framework. The application of metaheuristic methods such as TOPSIS and TOPSIS with fuzzy logic is presented as a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches, considering the complexity and uncertainty inherent in the evaluation of renewable energy sources. By achieving a more precise weighting and hierarchization, this study will significantly contribute to strategic decision-making in the implementation of sustainable energy solutions in Colombia, serving as a valuable model for other countries with similar challenges.
Urethral duplication with a large cystic dorsal penile mass in a newborn: a case report
Authors: Govender Saveshree 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Urethral duplication is a rare urogenital anomaly with varying anatomical orientations leading to diverse clinical presentations. We present a case of urethral duplication in a neonate featuring a large dorsal cystic mass on the penis, an unusual presentation.

Case presentation
A term male neonate with a prenatally diagnosed 10 × 10 cm genitourinary cystic mass was delivered via caesarean section. Examination revealed a large cystic mass extending dorsally from the pubic symphysis over a flattened, elongated penile shaft with a single urethral opening in the glans and undescended testes. A size 6-French feeding tube inserted into the urethra drained the bladder.
Urethral communication with the cystic mass was confirmed via voiding cystourethrogram and cyst enlargement noted during voiding. Cyst fluid analysis indicated a urinary origin. Computed tomography and ultrasound were not diagnostic. Initial imaging revealed a dorsal cystic mass projecting from the pubic symphysis without bladder connection.
Surgical intervention at 3 weeks revealed a Type IIA-2 urethral duplication, with a dorsal hypoplastic urethra communicating with the posterior urethra. Correction included resection of the dorsal urethra, cyst excision, and reconstruction of the penis with the orthotopic ventral urethra and bilateral orchidopexies.
Satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcomes were observed at 2 and 8 months after surgery.

Conclusion
This case highlights the significance of identifying unique urethral duplication presentations. The novel occurrence of Type IIA-2 urethral duplication terminating in a dorsal cystic mass underscores diagnostic complexity, surgical intricacies, and aesthetic considerations associated with such cases.
Frequency of internet use and hypertension risk among men and women in Kenya: an analysis of the 2022 demographic and health survey
Authors: Okyere Joshua , Ayebeng Castro , Okantey Christiana , Dickson Kwamena Sekyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The proliferation of internet use in the 21st century has brought about a pluralistic effect on health. Users of the internet are more exposed to health information, thus, making them more health literate and more likely to adopt healthy behaviors. However, frequent use of the internet has been found to adversely affect mental health (e.g., depression), social wellbeing, and obesity. Yet, the link between internet use and physical health outcomes such as hypertension remains less explored. We examined the association between frequency of internet use and hypertension risk among women and men in Kenya using data from the 2022 Kenyan demographic and health survey.

Results
Overall, the prevalence of hypertension was higher among women (1,398 [8.69%]) compared to men (504 [3.49%]). Those who reported using the internet often reported higher prevalence of hypertension (women: n = 638 [10.49%]; men: n = 279 [3.98%]). The mean age was 29.3 years (SD = 9.6) for women and 29.9 years for men (SD = 10.9). After adjusting for potential confounders, women who reported often using the internet also demonstrated a significant association [AOR = 1.21; 95%CI: 1.03–1.43]. However, we found no significant association between frequency of internet use and hypertension among men after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusion
Our study concludes that frequent use of internet is positively associated with hypertension risk among women but not men. Policymakers may consider implementing guidelines or regulations to promote healthy internet usage habits and encourage breaks or limits on screen time, especially for individuals at risk of hypertension (i.e., older women of reproductive age, women with higher education, married and previously married women, those in affluent households, parous women, those who consume alcohol and those overweight/obese). Healthcare providers should educate patients about the potential health consequences of prolonged internet usage and incorporate discussions about screen time management into routine clinical encounters.
Cultural and social factors associated with generalized anxiety disorder among adolescent mothers during the postpartum period in Malawi: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Tembo Chimwemwe , Portsmouth Linda , Burns Sharyn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The postnatal period is an important time for adolescent mothers to regain their health as they adjust to life with their infants. However, it is also a time when mothers are vulnerable to mental health problems. Generalized anxiety disorders (GADs) are among the common mental disorders that can impact mothers. Anxiety disorders can have adverse effects on a child’s cognitive development. However, there is a scarcity of studies pertaining to anxiety disorders among adolescent mothers in Malawi.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adolescent postnatal mothers aged ≤ 19 years to establish the prevalence of probable GAD and identify cultural and social factors that influence anxiety in this population. Adolescent mothers were recruited from the Mitundu Rural Hospital catchment area in Lilongwe district, Malawi. A two-stage random sampling method was employed: clinics were randomly selected, and participants were recruited via systematic random sampling. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale was used to assess anxiety. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.

Results
Of the 395 adolescent mothers who participated, 34% were aged 14–17. The prevalence of probable GAD (GAD-7 ≥ 10) was 31.9%. Increased social support decreased the odds of probable GAD (aOR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.98, p < 0.001). Experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) increased the likelihood of probable GAD (aOR 4.80, 95% CI: 1.23–18.82, p = 0.02), while those who had contact with a health worker postnatally (aOR 0.38, 95% CI: 0.17–0.83, p = 0.02) and those who were “not prayerful” (aOR, 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21–0.87, p = 0.02) were less likely to report probable GAD.

Conclusions
Given that the prevalence of probable GAD among adolescent mothers in Malawi is higher compared to the global estimates of their peers, policies and guidelines that prioritize the maternal mental health of adolescent mothers in Malawi are required. The findings also highlight the importance of enhancing social support among family and community. Co-designed mental health promotion, prevention, and early interventions to involve health workers and religious leaders are recommended.
Association of Initial and Changes in Serum A-FABP Level With the Development and Improvement of Presarcopenia
Authors: Hu Tingting , Xu Yiting , Li Xiaoya , Xiao Yunfeng , Wang Yufei , Bao Yuqian , Ma Xiaojing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Several cross-sectional studies have reported the association between serum adipocyte fatty acid–binding protein (A-FABP) level and presarcopenia. However, data on the effects of serum A-FABP level and its changes over time on the development and improvement of presarcopenia are scarce.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the association of serum A-FABP level with the incidence and improvement of presarcopenia in a community-based cohort, and further investigated the association of changes in serum A-FABP level with the incidence and improvement of presarcopenia.

Methods
This longitudinal cohort study included 1496 adults (41.2% men; median age, 58 [53-63] years) in 2013 to 2014 and was followed up to 2015 to 2016. Participants underwent serum A-FABP level measurements at baseline and a follow-up visit. Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis and converted to a skeletal muscle index (SMI). Presarcopenia was defined as SMI less than 1 SD of the sex-specific mean for the young reference group.

Results
During an average follow-up period of 2.1 years, baseline serum A-FABP level was positively associated with the incidence of presarcopenia (standardized by weight: risk ratio [RR] 3.22; 95% CI, 1.96-5.38; standardized by VFA: RR 2.11, 95% CI, 1.29-3.51) and negatively associated with the improvement of presarcopenia (standardized by weight: RR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45-0.97; standardized by VFA: RR 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.94), regardless of whether SMM was standardized by weight or VFA. Moreover, changes in serum A-FABP level provided additional information on the incidence and improvement of presarcopenia, independent of baseline serum A-FABP level (all P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
Baseline serum A-FABP level and its changes were positively associated with the incidence and negatively associated with the improvement of presarcopenia.
Identification of Succinate Dehydrogenase Gene Variant Carriers by Blood Biomarkers
Authors: Gebhardt Marcel , Kunath Carola , Fröbel Dennis , Funk Alexander M , Peitzsch Mirko , Nölting Svenja , Deutschbein Timo , Januszewicz Andrzej , Timmers Henri J L M , Robledo Mercedes , Jahn Arne , Constantinescu Georgiana , Eisenhofer Graeme , Pamporaki Christina , Richter Susan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCarriers of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in succinate dehydrogenase genes (SDHx) are at risk of developing tumors, including paragangliomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and renal cell carcinomas. Early tumor detection is paramount for improved clinical outcome. Blood-based biomarkers could aid in identifying individuals with PVs early and provide functional evidence in patients with variants of unknown significance.MethodsBlood plasma, urine, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and erythrocytes from patients with and without SDHx PVs were investigated for central carbon metabolites. These were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and included among others, succinate, fumarate, α-ketoglutarate, and lactate.ResultsPlasma succinate to fumarate ratios effectively distinguished tumor-bearing and asymptomatic patients with and without SDHx PV with promising diagnostic performance (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.86-0.95), although higher levels were noted in individuals with SDHB PV. Metabolites in urine and in peripheral blood mononuclear cell extracts were largely similar between groups. Erythrocytes showed strong metabolic alterations in patients with SDHx PV compared to controls, with 8 of 13 low-molecular organic acids being significantly different (P &lt; .05). The lactate-α-ketoglutarate-ratio of erythrocytes identified individuals with SDHx PV equally well as plasma, with a sensitivity and specificity of 92% (AUC 0.97).ConclusionBlood biomarkers have been underutilized for identifying carriers of SDHx PV or to validate variants of unknown significance. Our findings advocate for further investigation into a combined approach involving plasma and erythrocytes for future diagnostic strategies.
Surgery Plays a Leading Role in Breast Cancer Treatment for Patients Aged ≥90 Years: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ferrucci Massimo , Passeri Daniele , Milardi Francesco , Francavilla Andrea , Cagol Matteo , Toffanin Mariacristina , Montagna Giacomo , Marchet Alberto 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The population aged ≥90 years is increasing worldwide, yet nearly 50% of elderly breast cancer (BC) patients receive suboptimal treatments, resulting in high rates of BC-related mortality. We analyzed clinical and survival outcomes of nonagenarian BC patients to identify effective treatment strategies.

Methods
This single-institution retrospective cohort study analyzed patients aged ≥90 years diagnosed with stage I–III BC between 2007 and 2018. Patients were categorized into three treatment groups: traditional surgery (TS), performed according to local guidelines; current-standard surgery (CS), defined as breast surgery without axillary surgery (in concordance with 2016 Choosing Wisely guidelines) and/or cavity shaving; and non-surgical treatment (NS). Clinicopathological features were recorded and recurrence rates and survival outcomes were analyzed.

Results
We collected data from 113 nonagenarians with a median age of 93 years (range 90–99). Among these patients, 43/113 (38.1%) underwent TS, 34/113 (30.1%) underwent CS, and 36/113 (31.9%) underwent NS. The overall recurrence rate among surgical patients was 10.4%, while the disease progression rate in the NS group was 22.2%. Overall survival was significantly longer in surgical patients compared with NS patients (p = 0.04). BC-related mortality was significantly higher in the NS group than in the TS and CS groups (25.0% vs. 0% vs. 7.1%, respectively; p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in overall survival and disease-free survival between the TS and CS groups (p = 0.6 and p = 0.8, respectively), although the TS group experienced a significantly higher overall postoperative complication rate (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Individualized treatment planning is essential for nonagenarian BC patients. Surgery, whenever feasible, remains the treatment of choice, with CS emerging as the best option for the majority of patients.
Gradings and graded linear maps on algebras
Authors: Ioppolo Antonio , Martino Fabrizio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Let A be a superalgebra over a field F of characteristic zero. We prove tight relations between graded automorphisms, pseudoautomorphisms, superautomorphisms and K-gradings on A, where K is the Klein group. Moreover, we investigate the consequences of such connections within the theory of polynomial identities. In the second part we focus on the superalgebra

U
⁢

T
n

⁢

(
F
)

{UT_{n}(F)}

of

n
×
n

{n\times n}

upper triangular matrices by completely classifying the graded-pseudo-super automorphism that one can define on it. Finally, we compute the ideals of identities of

U
⁢

T
n

⁢

(
F
)

{UT_{n}(F)}

endowed with a graded or a pseudo automorphism, for any n, and the ideals of identities with superautomorphism in the cases

n
=
2

{n=2}

and

n
=
3

{n=3}

.
Serum LDH and its isoenzymes (LDH2 and LDH5) associated with predictive value for refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children
Authors: Lv Jun , Wan Yu , Jiang Fei , Fan Fei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To contrast the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its isoenzymes between general mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (GMPP) and refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) groups and to investigate their predictive value for RMPP in children.

Methods
A total of 160 children with GMPP and 100 children with RMPP were enrolled from August 2022 to April 2023 in our hospital. Serum LDH and its isoenzymes levels were assessed between the two groups. LDH and its isoenzymes were entered into multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for RMPP, and variables with significance were used to analyze their diagnostic values for RMPP. ROC curves were drawn, and the AUC was calculated, with sensitivity and specificity obtained.

Results
Children with RMPP displayed more blatant inflammatory responses as well as more alarming imaging findings compared to those with GMPP. The levels of serum LDH and its isoenzymes in children with RMPP were significantly higher than those in children with GMPP. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, LDH (OR=1.02, p<0.001), LDH2 (OR=1.05, p=0.010) and LDH5 (OR=1.04, p˂0.001) showed statistically significant differences. When the cut-off values were 372.5, 97.46, and 49.29 U/L respectively, the AUCs of LDH (sensitivity=0.80, specificity=0.89), LDH2 (sensitivity=0.83, specificity=0.71), and LDH5 (sensitivity=0.82, specificity=0.72) predicting RMPP were 0.91, 0.81, and 0.82, respectively. The AUC of [LDH + LDH5] (0.92) was the highest.

Conclusions
Serum LDH, LDH2, and LDH5 have good diagnostic values for RMPP and possess the potential to be biological markers in children with RMPP. And the predictive value is higher when used in combination.
Recent development of chitosan-based biomaterials for treatment of osteomyelitis
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Jifa , Zhang Chunyu , Wang Yutong , Fan Tiantang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a complex infectious disease caused by bacterial infection, which has always been a difficult problem for clinical orthopedic surgeons. Although the traditional methods are effective in treating osteomyelitis, the heavy use of antibiotics and surgical treatment cause serious side effects and lead to bone loss and healing difficulties after surgery. Chitosan (CS), a natural polymer material, is a deacetylated derivative of chitin, which has good biodegradability, antibacterial, and osteogenic properties, and has been widely used in the treatment of osteomyelitis. In this review, the recent research progress in the application of CS based composites such as micro-nano drug delivery carriers, hydrogels, coating materials, and bone tissue engineering scaffolds for the treatment of osteomyelitis is summarized, in order to provide certain experimental and theoretical support for the development of CS based composites.
Currency market volatility during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Benko Mykola , Kononova Oleksandra , Prokopova Olena , Kuzmenko Olena , Vlasenko Tetiana 
Published: August 2024

The currency market is one of the main markets of the world's modern financial and economic systems. With respect to the availability of information, this market is the most data-rich and public. These two features allow it to be viewed as volatile. This study aims to assess the dependence of the currency market's volatility on the conditions and factors that formed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research used statistical and correlation analysis and general scientific methods. Correlation analysis revealed an insignificant effect of the dollar index on the change in currency market volatility during the COVID-19 pandemic (r = 0.09). The outcomes indicated the impact of the disease factor on currency trading at the 0.8% level (r2 = 0.0081). The research conclusions suggest that the effects of information on the currency market differed during 2015-2019 and deviated in response to various political and economic events. The study highlights that the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath did not significantly influence the currency pairs' volatility. In the future, if crisis trends re-emerge, the findings of this study may influence the behavior of investors and participants in global trade. This could affect their investment decisions, currency reserve diversification, insurance strategies, and capital migration.
The Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Olive Leaf on Aluminum Phosphide-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Moazami Maryam , Sedighi Mehrnoosh , Rashidipour Marzieh , Haydari Sara , Mahmoudi Ghafar Ali , Ghaderpour Saber , Bakhshesh Morteza , Nazari Afshin , Moghimian Maryam 
Published: August 2024

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate a treatment for aluminum phosphide (ALP) poisoning, which is known as “rice tablet”. Methods: In the present study, the impact of different doses of ethanolic extract of olive leaves (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) on ALP (120 mg/kg)-induced cardiotoxicity was evaluated in anesthetized-gastrotomized adult male Wistar rats. Thirty-five rats were randomly assigned into five groups (n=7) as follows: control (AC) and treatment groups [ALP+Olea100 (AO100), ALP+Olea 200 (AO200), and ALP+Olea 400 (AO400)]. Physiological data including blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiogram (ECG), as well as oxidative stress markers were measured in heart tissues. Results: ALP-intoxication led to perturbed normal ECG and increased oxidative stress. Administration of olive leaf extract at various concentrations, however, mitigated bradycardia after 90 minutes, following ALP-intoxication (in AO200), hypotension (in AO100), and cardiac conduction disturbances (decreased QTC in the AO200 30 (P<0.05), 60 (P<0.001), and 90 (P<0.05) minutes after intoxication) and decreased PR 60 (P<0.05) and 90 minutes (P<0.01) after intoxication. This was compared with baseline as well as detrimental changes in cardiac electrophysiology [mitigated ST-segment elevation in AO200 and depressed T-wave in the AO200 (P<0.05) and AO400 (P<0.01) groups 90 minutes after intoxication] Conclusion: Based on these authentic results, it seems that olive leaf extracts can be useful in reducing the severity of symptoms in ALP-poisoned individuals and could be utilized in a poisoning emergency.