bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences between cotranscriptional and free riboswitch folding
Authors: Lutz Benjamin , Faber Michael , Verma Abhinav , Klumpp Stefan , Schug Alexander 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Riboswitches are part of noncoding regions of messenger RNA (mRNA) that act as RNA sensors regulating gene expression of the downstream gene. Typically, one out of two distinct conformations is formed depending on ligand binding when the transcript leaves RNA polymerase (RNAP). Elongation of the RNA chain by RNAP, folding and binding all occurs simultaneously and interdependently on the seconds’ timescale. To investigate the effect of transcript elongation velocity on folding for the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-I and adenine riboswitches we employ two complementary coarse-grained in silico techniques. Native structure-based molecular dynamics simulations provide a 3D, atomically resolved model of folding with homogenous energetics. Energetically more detailed kinetic Monte Carlo simulations give access to longer timescale by describing folding on the secondary structure level and feature the incorporation of competing aptamer conformations and a ligand-binding model. Depending on the extrusion scenarios, we observe and quantify different pathways in structure formation with robust agreements between the two techniques. In these scenarios, free-folding riboswitches exhibit different folding characteristics compared with transcription-rate limited folding. The critical transcription rate distinguishing these cases is higher than physiologically relevant rates. This result suggests that in vivo folding of the analyzed SAM-I and adenine riboswitches is transcription-rate limited.
Improving Chinese soybean meal demand estimation by addressing the non-commercial
Authors: Xing Lei , Goldsmith Peter 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– Two effects simultaneously shape the future soybean meal (SBM) demand in China: the income effect on meat consumption and the transition effect due to commercial feed usage in animal production. The income effect has been studied intensively in previous research and results in rapidly growing animal product consumption. The commercial feed transition effect, however, is not well understood. The accurate forecast of SBM demand requires an integration of both effects. This study aims to contribute to the commodity forecast literature: by estimating the non-commercial to commercial feed effect and then comparing to the income effect.

Design/methodology/approach
– This research addresses the gap in the literature by considering the diffusion path of commercial feeding technology when forecasting China's future SBM demand. The paper addresses the following five objectives to accomplish this goal. Objective 1: estimate income elasticity of demand for meat; Objective 2: estimate the current commercial feeding gap; Objective 3: analyze the reasons for low SBM feeding ratios; Objective 4: estimate future SBM feeding ratios; Objective 5: forecast future soybean demand in China.

Findings
– China needs 33 years from 2009 to achieve the SBM feeding ratio of 98 percent. The difference in future derived demand for SBM mainly comes from the transition effect of animal production industry in China. The income effect only contributes on average 2.1 percent of the theoretical SBM consumption quantity over the next 20 years. The feeding technology diffusion effect, however, causes an additional 3.6 percent annual compound growth rate on the demand increase for SBM over the same time periods. The livestock industry's transition effect is roughly equivalent to 1.5 times the income effect.

Practical implications
– Policy makers, industry managers, and analysts will now have not only a more accurate estimate of future SBM demand, but also a better understanding of the structural components of that estimation. In particular, the role of commercial feed adoption is explicitly estimated.

Originality/value
– This research is the first to estimate the effect of the shift from non-commercial to commercial feeding systems on overall SBM demand. The results show that not accounting for the diffusion of new commercial feeding technology creates under the estimates of future SBM demand.
Clarifying Islamic perspectives on leadership
Authors: Almoharby Darwish , Neal Mark 
Published: November 2013

Purpose– This study aims to clarify current thinking about Islamic leadership by returning to the original texts of Islam, theQur'anand thehadith. These are analysed to identify foundational Islamic leadership prototypes, concepts and ideas. In so doing, the article provides original analysis of the foundations of Islamic leadership, so as to inform current debates about leadership in Islamic regions and communities.Design/methodology/approach– The study consists of content analysis of theQur'anand thehadith, to identify key concepts within these texts, concerning the nature of leadership. The methodological aim is to develop characterisations of Islamic leadership prototypes that are recognisable to practising Muslims today. In order to ensure this, the content analyses have been presented to academic seminar groups and conferences and refined through subsequent discussions.Findings– Islamic leadership does not rely for its legitimacy upon traditional authority, but rather on rational-legal systems based on unity of purpose, acknowledgement of the one God, and the foundational example of Prophet Muhammad, whose referent and charismatic authority lives on in discussions of thesunnahand thehadith. It is thus vital to refine external or “etic” characterisations of Islamic leadership with an appreciation of leadership prototypes in theQur'an, thesunnahandhadith.Research limitations/implications– The scope of this study is limited by the subject matter, the investigation of leadership prototypes in theQur'anand thehadith. This means that the consideration of historically more recent Islamic thinking about leadership has been left to subsequent study.Practical implications– Implications for subsequent researchers are the need for critical clarity in discussions of “Islamic” or “Muslim” leadership. Another significant implication comes with the recognition of the overwhelming importance of the Prophet Muhammad's life and sayings in laying the parameters for the subsequent Muslim discussions of leadership.Originality/value– This is the first use of content analysis to examine the foundational leadership prototypes and concepts embedded in theQur'anand thehadith, and thus to analyse the Prophet Muhammad as a referent and charismatic leader, whose life set the parameters for the subsequent understanding of Islamic leadership.
Competitive advantage in the new contrived social care marketplace: do we need a new theoretical framework?
Authors: Dearnaley Patricia 
Published: November 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine how far existing theories around contingency for competitive advantage are compatible with the “contrived market” in social care. The paper argues that the complexity of competing interests, especially for social housing as potential providers, require new tools for market analysis and particularly the need to become a “learning organisation”, to manage the particular characteristics of this specific quasi-market.Design/methodology/approach– The paper draws upon original research developed through a single holistic case study of a UK social housing service, using qualitative research methods including document analysis, interviews, secondary data, observations and facilitated meetings.Findings– Changes in the social care sector over the past 20 years have effected a fundamental shift in commissioning and delivery relationships, creating new markets for social care services. Yet existing business theory and models around contingency and competitive advantage do not suit this “contrived” New Public Management market. A new framework or model will be needed for analysis and business planning in this new environment.Originality/value– This series of papers adds to existing knowledge by critiquing current business models, and positing a potential development to existing contingency theory.
Direct modeling of material deposit and identification of energy transfer in gas metal arc welding
Authors: Bellet Michel , Hamide Makhlouf 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present original methods related to the modeling of material deposit and associated heat sources for finite element simulation of gas metal arc welding (GMAW).

Design/methodology/approach
– The filler deposition results from high-frequency impingements of melted droplets. The present modeling approach consists of a time-averaged source term in the mass equation for selected finite elements in the fusion zone. The associated expansion of the mesh is controlled by means of adaptive remeshing. The heat input includes a volume source corresponding to the droplets energy, for which a model from the literature is expressed in coherency with mass supply. Finally, an inverse technique has been developed to identify different model parameters. The objective function includes the differences between calculations and experiments in terms of temperature, but also shape of the fusion zone.

Findings
– The proposed approach for the modeling of metal deposition results in a direct calculation of the formation of the weld bead, without any a priori definition of its shape. Application is shown on GMAW of steel 316LN, for which parameters of the model have been identified by the inverse method. They are in agreement with literature and simulation results are found quite close to experimental measurements.

Originality/value
– The proposed algorithm for material deposit offers an alternative to the element activation techniques that are commonly used to simulate the deposition of filler metal. The proposed inverse method for parameter identification is original in that it encompasses an efficient and convenient technique to take into account the shape of the fusion zone.
DTC drug advertising ethics: laboratory for medical marketing
Authors: Mackert Michael , Guadagno Marie , Mabry Amanda , Chilek Lindsay 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to call for an increased focus on the ethics of direct-to-consumer (DTC) prescription drug advertising. This is important, not only to improve DTC prescription drug advertising, but also to inform DTC advertising of future medical advances.

Design/methodology/approach
– This conceptual paper discusses two examples of medical advances – personal genetic testing services and surgically implanted medical devices – to explain how investigating the research of DTC prescription drug advertising can set the stage for more ethical advertising of future medical advances.

Findings
– Specific issues related to health literacy, at-risk populations impacted by health disparities, and medicalization of issues common to aging relate to the DTC advertising of prescription drugs and other medical advances. Creative approaches to investigating these issues in the context of prescription drug advertising can enrich the debate about drug advertising, but also prepare researchers, policymakers, and consumers for future advertising of new medical developments.

Originality/value
– The value of this paper is its call for increased focus on the ethics of DTC prescription drug advertising, to improve the current marketing environment but also lay the foundation for other healthcare marketing in the future.
Resell versus direct models in brand drug distribution
Authors: Iacocca Kathleen , Zhao Yao , Fein Adam 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of the Buy-and-Hold (BNH), Fee-for-Service (FFS), and Direct-to-pharmacy (DTP) agreements for the US pharmaceutical industry and its individual participants. There have been mixed responses to these agreements and the industry is currently under debate as to which contract would be best for the industry and its individual participants. The question is answered by comparing the agreements and settling the industry debate regarding the impact of these distribution agreements.

Design/methodology/approach
– The model features multi-period production-inventory planning with time varying parameters in a decentralized setting. Under each distribution agreement, mathematical programming models are formulated to determine the profit maximizing production, inventory, and ordering decisions for the manufacturer and the wholesaler in a finite time horizon. The applicability of the model in the US pharmaceutical industry using real-world data is demonstrated.

Findings
– It is shown that the DTP agreement always outperforms the BNH and FFS agreements. Furthermore, the DTP agreement is flexible because it allows the manufacturer and the wholesaler to split the additional profit in an arbitrary way. The findings reveal that the DTP agreement can improve total profit by about 0.08 - 1 percent (relative to FFS) and 5 percent (relative to BNH).

Originality/value
– Considering the size of the pharmaceutical industry, efficient distribution agreements are imperative. Unfortunately, the existing literature provides insufficient guidance to help managers make this important decision. This knowledge gap is addressed in literature, and provides important insight for practitioners on what agreement is most beneficial for this industry.
The support experiences of older people who have been abused in Ireland
Authors: Lafferty Attracta , Pearl Treacy Margaret , Fealy Gerard 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the support experiences of older people who have been abused in Ireland.

Design/methodology/approach
– Recruited through dedicated elder abuse services, nine older people who had experienced elder abuse participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis.

Findings
– The study highlighted the help-seeking pathways of abused older people and revealed that few older people sought help for themselves and most were unaware of the services available to support and protect older people. Data analysis identified the range and type of help received from family, friends, voluntary and statutory services, as well as the perceived barriers to accessing help and support.

Research limitations/implications
– The research did not include abused older people who lacked mental capacity or who had experienced self-neglect, criminal victimisation by strangers or who had not received statutory support services. This field may benefit from future research that seeks to examine the support experiences of these groups.

Practical implications
– Family, staff and professionals who care for older people need to be cognisant of the signs of elder abuse, and bring them to the attention of older people should they have concerns, as older people may not always recognise that they are being abused.

Originality/value
– The paper contributes to our understanding of the support needs of older people in Ireland and the perceived barriers to accessing help and support.
Exploring purchasing preferences: local and ecologically labelled foods
Authors: Cholette Susan , Özlük Özgür , Özşen Leyla , R. Ungson Gerardo 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The growing presence of foods that are labelled “locally/ecologically produced” leads to the question of how many consumers consider the impact of their food purchases. Do they value local/ecologically-produced food sufficiently to drive their purchasing behaviour, even if such foods are more costly? Can consumer segments be identified and, if so, what are their characteristics? This paper aims to focus on these questions.

Design/methodology/approach
– In an exploratory study, the authors surveyed over 400 students from a public university in California asking them to select between apples based on a combination of price, origin and presence/absence of an ecological indicator. The authors collected information on their shopping attitudes, their affinity for international trade and demographic identifiers.

Findings
– Evidence is found for three consumer segments: the deep green, the price conscious and switchers. The latter are the most prevalent category across demographic and attitudinal indicators, but with increased age, employment/shopping responsibilities, the preponderance of switchers diminishes and more deep green consumers appear. Deep green consumers tend to be both more information and variety seeking than the price conscious ones.

Originality/value
– By identifying demographic and other characteristics that are likely to qualify consumers as belonging to a specific segment, marketers of local and ecologically produced foods can better target and influence appropriate consumers.
Does consumers' personal involvement have an influence on store brand buying proneness?
Authors: Gendel-Guterman Hanna , Levy Shalom 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This study's aim is to apply the personal involvement approach to store brand products' buying proneness. With respect to the conflicting perspectives of narrow “latitudes of acceptance” and “extensive search”, are presumed different levels and different types of personal involvement. The aim is to formulate a conceptual framework integrating three types of relevant consumer values: functional involvement, symbolic involvement and economic involvement, along with two well established mediating variables, and two consumer characteristics as exogenous variables.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected through a survey of 914 shoppers randomly recruited from 11 grocery stores. The study employs an exploratory factor analysis method following path analysis, using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Findings
– The results show the significance of a multifaceted perspective of consumers' personal involvement in grocery shopping conditions. This perspective leads to the possibility of high personal involvement in grocery products shopping. Regarding consumers' store brand buying intention, personal involvement facets have only a marginal effect, while the direct substantial effects are derived from familiarity and value for money.

Practical implications
– Retailers are advised to go beyond their efforts to persuade consumers that their products have economic value; they should encourage consumers to compare and evaluate the functional attributes of their store brands. For the social-symbolic consumer, they should employ different products' quality layers and different appealing brand names.

Originality/value
– The originality of this study lies in the multifaceted alternative approach of consumers' personal involvement in grocery shopping processes, and the conceptual framework proposed to examine the effect of personal involvement facets on store brand buying intentions.
Ask us equally if we want to go
Authors: Gripenberg Pernilla , Niemistö Charlotta , Alapeteri Carla 
Published: November 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore gender differences in career prospects and changes in attitudes to international assignments over recent decades in Finland. This is relevant in light of the international immobility trend among staff with which MNCs especially are struggling, coupled with the persistent unequal ratio of male to female expatriates. The paper aims to increase the understanding of how gender and family relations affect international career prospects and what changes have evolved over time.Design/methodology/approach– The paper compares differences and changes in opportunities to and preferences for long-term international assignments between male and female business graduates in Finland. It uses survey data on attitudes to expatriation from 1994 to 2008.Findings– A general shift from individual career centeredness towards family centeredness was detected between the two points in time. Paradoxically, this research shows that while gender equality seems to be increasing between spouses, it seems to be decreasing in who is being offered international assignments. The results give valuable insights into how the trend of international immobility has occurred and how the gender relations and gendered values are developing in society.Practical implications– While the international immobility trend persists, women apparently remain as an under-utilized resource when searching for employees to send on long-term expatriate assignments. Global HR professionals should pay more attention to whom expatriate assignments are offered and to how dual career couples and families can be better supported in the expatriation process.Originality /value– The paper contributes to the understanding of gendered careers and women's opportunities in international assignments with a unique comparison of changes over time.
The narrative for person-centred coordinated care
Authors: Redding Don 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a narrative to redefine integrated care from the user's perspective, which is being promoted across England.

Design/methodology/approach
– The content of the narrative for person-centred coordinated care, recently launched in England, is described. The need for the narrative is explained in the context of the failure of previous integrated care programmes to identify and deliver clear benefits to service users. The sources and stages of development of the narrative are described. The author considers its place in national policy, further content development and its potential to help those planning programmes of integration.

Findings
– A clear consensus on the need to define integrated care from the service user perspective now exists in England, and a narrative now exists to fulfil this purpose which has been developed by service users, patient groups, care professionals and system leaders. It has radical potential to change service delivery but this will be subject to the degree of local adoption.

Originality/value
– The paper is the first journal publication describing the narrative for person-centred coordinated care and creates a record of its developmental stages which will be of interest to system leaders, professionals and researchers in England and internationally.
Transition and integration – changing our starting point
Authors: John Duffy Simon , Murray Pippa 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to offer a hypothesis about the core elements of an effective transition process in a system of self-directed support and to suggest that the approach to integration in public services may need to radically change.

Design/methodology/approach
– This a reflective piece, drawing on decades of practical work by the authors, combined with an understanding of the literature and the social policy context.

Findings
– Typical solutions to the problem of transition focus on system change instead of ensuring that power and control shifts to families and young people. A change in starting point opens up more empowering and practical solutions for the real world.

Originality/value
– This paper goes deeper than others on the same subject by moving beyond the outcomes and issues, to suggest some lessons for social policy makers, professionals and citizens.