bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise Recognition for Kinect-based Telerehabilitation
Authors: Goñi A. , Illarramendi A. , Antón D. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryBackground: An aging population and people’s higher survival to diseases and traumas that leave physical consequences are challenging aspects in the context of an efficient health management. This is why telerehabilitation systems are being developed, to allow monitoring and support of physiotherapy sessions at home, which could reduce healthcare costs while also improving the quality of life of the users.Objectives: Our goal is the development of a Kinect-based algorithm that provides a very accurate real-time monitoring of physical rehabilitation exercises and that also provides a friendly interface oriented both to users and physiotherapists.Methods: The two main constituents of our algorithm are the posture classification method and the exercises recognition method. The exercises consist of series of movements. Each movement is composed of an initial posture, a final posture and the angular trajectories of the limbs involved in the movement. The algorithm was designed and tested with datasets of real movements performed by volunteers. We also explain in the paper how we obtained the optimal values for the trade-off values for posture and trajectory recognition.Results: Two relevant aspects of the algorithm were evaluated in our tests, classification accuracy and real-time data processing. We achieved 91.9% accuracy in posture classification and 93.75% accuracy in trajectory recognition. We also checked whether the algorithm was able to process the data in real-time. We found that our algorithm could process more than 20,000 postures per second and all the required trajectory data-series in real-time, which in practice guarantees no perceptible delays. Later on, we carried out two clinical trials with real patients that suffered shoulder disorders. We obtained an exercise monitoring accuracy of 95.16%.Conclusions: We present an exercise recognition algorithm that handles the data provided by Kinect efficiently. The algorithm has been validated in a real scenario where we have verified its suitability. Moreover, we have received a positive feedback from both users and the physiotherapists who took part in the tests.
25 août 1997
Authors: Sève Bernard 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	« Le pédophile » est devenu, en quelques mois, l’ennemi le plus inquiétant, polymorphe et pourtant un : c’est le monstre. Mais le monstre, c’est l’impensable : le mot « pédophile » fonctionne comme un exorcisme, non comme l’amorce d’une problématisation ; il concentre notre peur et notre malaise, pour nous en purifier, et les rejeter au loin sous la figure d’un « monstre » dont il n’y a rien à penser, sinon qu’il est absolument mauvais et qu’il n’a absolument rien à voir avec nous. Refusons cette dynamique (...)
l'épouvantail américain
Authors: Fassin Éric 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	"L’horreur minoritaire" se nourrit aujourd’hui en France d’anti-américanisme : c’est ainsi que la parité nous menacerait de mille ghettos "à l’américaine". Mieux comprendre les Etats-Unis nous permettrait pourtant d’échapper à l’alternative rhétorique de l’universalisme et du communautarisme. On se propose ainsi d’abandonner le vocabulaire de la représentation pour celui de la discrimination- l’impensé de l’universalisme français, fût-il paritaire. Alors minorité ne rime plus avec communauté... L’antienne (...)
Exploration of knowledge of cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening amongst HIV-positive women
Authors: Maree Johanna E. , Moitse Kefliwe A. 
Published: October 2014

Background: Although preventable, cervical cancer, an AIDS-related disease, is the second most common cancer amongst South African women and the most common cancer amongst black women.Objective: The objective of the study was to determine what women being treated for HIV and AIDS at a specific healthcare centre in Johannesburg knew about cervical cancer and cervical screening.Method: A survey design was used, with data gathered by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Convenience sampling selected 315 women to participate (n = 315). Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data and chi-square testing found associations between categorical variables.Results: The majority of respondents (78.7%; n = 248) indicated that they had heard of cervical cancer and 62.9% (n = 198) knew about the Pap smear, with nurses and doctors being the primary source of information. Of the women who knew about the Pap smear, less than one-third had had a smear done, the main reason being fear of the procedure.Conclusion: The study provided evidence that women attending the specific HIV clinic were more knowledgeable about cervical cancer and screening than those of unknown HIV status involved in previous studies. Knowledge was still at a low level, especially when their exceptionally high risk was taken into account. Once again it was found that having knowledge did not necessarily mean having had a Pap smear, which remains a huge challenge in the prevention of cervical cancer.
Die aktiewe bestanddeel van wildepietersielie (<i>Heteromorpha arborescens</i>): 6,7-dimetoksikumarien
Authors: Makungo Thomas , Van Ree Teunis 
Published: October 2014

Dichloromethane extraction of the branches and leaves of a young Heteromorpha arborescens plant (known as parsley tree or muthatha-vhanna in Tshivenda) resulted in the isolation of an anti-inflammatory coumarin, 6,7-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one.
Lingual Thyroid
Authors: Gupta Piyush , Lavania Prashant , Singh Nikhil , Srivastava Utkarsh 
Published: October 2014

How to cite this article
Lavania P, Singh N, Jaiman R, Srivastava U, Gupta P. Lingual Thyroid. World J Endoc Surg 2014;6(2):99.
Review: Outside the Classroom: Researching literacy with adult learners
Authors: Chodkiewicz Andrew 
Published: October 2014

BY ELLAYNE FOWLER AND JANE MACE (EDITORS)National Institute for Adult and Continuing Education (NIACE) 2005, 21 De Montfort Street, Leicester, ISBN: 1 86201 223 7, 142 pages. http://www.niace.org.uk Outside the classroom: researching literacy with adult learners is another of those interesting publications from the National Institute for Adult and Continuing Education (NIACE) in the UK that take on the important task of linking the theory and practice of teaching and researching literacy with adult learners.
UNESCO, Literacy and Leslie Limage
Authors: Lo Bianco Joseph 
Published: October 2014

Rosie Wickert points out that, in literacy policy: ‘the stories of actors involved in policy struggles have been overlooked‘(2001: 90). The paper by Leslie Limage redresses this gap for the crucially important area of international multilateral agencies, specifically the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Her aim is to produce ‘a more clear-eyed look at how to advance the best of multilateral action in the field in which I have been involved at all levels throughout my adult life: children’s and adult’s literacy worldwide’ (Limage, 2009: p 7).
Reframing Literacy in Adult ESL Programs: Making the case for the inclusion of identity
Authors: Atkinson Michael 
Published: October 2014

Adult ESL programs in the Australian context are heavily influenced by neo-liberal notions of functional literacy and numeracy. This paper argues that such notions, designed to enable the learner to function within the workplace or community can fail to acknowledge the complexity of ESL program participation for adult learners. This may be considered especially so for pre-literate learners from refugee backgrounds who have low or minimal levels of literacy in their own language and are hence negotiating a new skill set, a new culture and arguably a new sense of identity. This paper is based on research which points to the need to position the learning of literacy and numeracy in the ESL context as a social and educational journey made meaningful by a learner's sense of (emerging) identity. In this context a holistic, socially orientated understanding of their learning and their progress is preferable to an approach which views and evaluates learners against preconceived functional literacy skills. The participants in this study were people of refugee background from Africa with minimal literacy skills.
Reforming Wildlife Law: The Law Commission Proposals for Wildlife Law and Wildlife Sanctions
Authors: Vincent Keith 
Published: October 2014

This article critically examines a an ongoing review commenced in 2012 by the United Kingdom’s Law Commission into new wildlife laws for England and Wales by considering four interlinked elements of the process. First, it outlines the underlying subject matter and regulatory aims of wildlife law. It then describes the scope of the Law Commission’s Wildlife Law Project, identifying some of the key problem areas it sought to address and referencing its consultation process conducted in the later part of 2012. Next the article summarises the Law Commission’s view for a new wildlife law regime. The fourth element explores the current and potential roles of criminalising and non-criminalising sanctions. With a continued focus on the underlying subject matter and regulatory aims, discussion centres on the greater use of non-criminalising civil sanctions in wildlife law. The paper supports the Law Commission’s argument that the creation of a civil sanctions regime is not tantamount to decriminalisation in its true sense but simply widens the available regulatory enforcement options.
ELEMENTOS NORTEADORES PARA A APRESENTAÇÃO DE CONCEITOS ELEMENTARES DE GEOMETRIA ESFÉRICA E HIPERBÓLICA À ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Brum Wanderley Pivatto , Schuhmacher Elcio 
Published: October 2014

O presente artigo constitui-se uma discussão teórica a respeito da apresentação de conceitos elementares de Geometria Esférica e Hiperbólica no Ensino Médio. Tal conteúdo de estudo, ainda não obrigatório no ensino escolar, constitui-se elemento importante do saber específico do futuro professor de Matemática e dos estudantes. Tem como objetivo, analisar o posicionamento dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o desenvolvimento do pensamento geométrico não euclidiano, apontar alguns entraves para sua inserção no Ensino Médio e apresenta, por fim, justificativas para sua apresentação na sala de aula. O estudo, por fim, relembra que a Geometria Euclidiana tem sido apresentada na escola básica como a única existente, quando de fato é apenas uma pequena parte das Geometrias, pois existem outras, mais amplas, que, muitas vezes, são completamente desconhecida dos estudantes e, até mesmo ignorada pelos professores.DOI: 10.5216/rir.v1i16.28140
MECHANISM FOR CROSS-LINKING POLYCHLOROPRENE WITH ETHYLENE THIOUREA AND ZINC OXIDE
Authors: Berry Keith , Liu Max , Chakraborty Khirud , Pullan Nikki , West Andrew , Sammon Chris , Topham Paul D. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTAn investigation into the mechanism by which ethylene thiourea (ETU) cross-links polychloroprene (CR) in combination with zinc oxide (ZnO) was undertaken. This was achieved through an examination of the mechanisms of cross-linking CR with ETU and ZnO separately and in unison. Spectroscopic and physical characterization techniques were employed to probe the cross-linking mechanisms of CR using other standard rubber accelerators and model compounds with analogous structures and functionalities to ETU. These investigations have resulted in the proposal of a new mechanism by which ETU and ZnO can synergistically cross-link CR, in addition to providing new evidence to support concomitant mechanisms already published for cross-linking CR.
Gevangenisstraffen van moeders en de belangen van kinderen
Authors: de Ruyter Doret , Hissel Sanne , Bijleveld Catrien 
Published: October 2014

Incarceration of mothers and the interests of children
A substantial number of children are confronted with the detention of their mothers. Empirical research shows that these children’s well-being is seriously affected, although no study has been able to assess whether a mother’s detention as such causes long-term damage. On the basis of children’s interests, this article defends the principle that mothers who are actively involved in raising their children should not receive a prison sentence but an alternative punishment, unless continuing care is detrimental to the children or if the legal order or interests of society and its citizens would be disproportionally threatened. The article ends with several practical implications.
Draaideurvreemdelingen in de strafrechtsketen?
Authors: Huininga Daphne , van der Woude Maartje 
Published: October 2014

Aliens in the criminal justice system: A revolving-door problem?
Irregular immigration is considered a big problem to Western societies. In the Dutch political discourse much attention is being attributed to dealing with a specific group of irregular immigrants: those who commit crimes and cause nuisance. Despite firm migration policies focusing on catching and deporting criminal undocumented immigrant, many seem to be coming back. By means of a exploratory study this article empirically explores the underlying rationales and traits of illegal immigrants returning to the Netherlands after they have been deported.
Zwijgen is zilver, spreken is goud. De weigerende observandus en de voorgestelde wijziging van artikel 37a Sr
Authors: Valk Martine 
Published: October 2014

Proposed policy reform in the Netherlands on non-cooperating suspects in forensic behavioural assessments
When a person commits a severe crime in the Netherlands, for which he cannot be (fully) held responsible because of a mental disorder, a judge may impose a hospital order in a secured psychiatric institution. To make this possible, behavioural experts have to assess whether the suspect suffered from a mental disorder at the time of the crime. However, during this assessment a suspect has the right to remain silent. Since recent years the number of non-cooperating suspects is increasing. To solve this problem, the Secretary of State of Security and Justice has submitted a legislative proposal, which makes it possible to force health professionals to submit past medical records of the suspect to the behavioural experts for their assessment without his consent. This breaches the professional law of confidentiality. Following case law of the European Court of Human Rights, this can only be justified, if it complies with the principles of proportionality, subsidiarity and necessity. The legislative proposal does not comply with these principles, as alternatives are available. These are: improvement of the forensic psychiatric care, reduction of the duration of the treatment and extension of the behavioral research period.
Evaluating the Theoretical Content of Online Physical Activity Information for People with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Shirazipour Celina H. , Baillie Colin P.T. , Galaviz Karla , Jarvis Jocelyn W. , Latimer-Cheung Amy E. 
Published: October 2014

Background: Physical activity can aid people with multiple sclerosis (MS) in managing symptoms and maintaining functional abilities. The Internet is a preferred source of physical activity information for people with MS and, therefore, a method for the dissemination of behavior change techniques. The purpose of this study was to examine the coverage and quality of physical activity behavior change techniques delivered on the Internet for adults with MS using Abraham and Michie's taxonomy of behavior change techniques.
Methods: Using the taxonomy, 20 websites were coded for quality (ie, accuracy of information) and coverage (ie, completeness of information) of theoretical behavior change techniques.
Results: Results indicated that most websites covered a mean of 8.05 (SD 3.86, range 3–16) techniques out of a possible 20. Only one of the techniques, provide information on behavior–health link and consequences, was delivered on all websites. The websites demonstrated low mean coverage and quality across all behavior change techniques, with means of 0.64 (SD 0.67) and 0.62 (SD 0.37) on a scale of 0 to 2, respectively. However, coverage and quality improved when websites were examined solely for the techniques that they covered, as opposed to all 20 techniques.
Conclusions: This study, which examined quality and coverage of physical activity behavior change techniques described online for people with MS, illustrated that the dissemination of these techniques requires improvement.
Association of Postural Sway with Disability Status and Cerebellar Dysfunction in People with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: McLoughlin James , Barr Christopher , Crotty Maria , Lord Stephen R. , Sturnieks Daina L. 
Published: October 2014

Background: The aims of this study were 1) to examine postural sway in the eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) with moderate levels of disability compared with controls and 2) to examine relationships between postural sway and total Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, functional system subscores, and clinical measures of strength and spasticity in the MS group.
Methods: Thirty-four people with moderate MS and ten matched controls completed measures of postural sway with EO and EC, knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion isometric strength, EDSS total score and subscores, and spasticity levels.
Results: Participants with MS swayed significantly more with EO and EC and had reduced knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion strength compared with controls (P &lt; .001). In the MS group, increased sway was associated with higher total EDSS scores and cerebellar function subscores, whereas increased sway ratio (EC/EO) was associated with reduced sensory function subscores. Postural sway was not significantly associated with strength or spasticity.
Conclusions: Participants with MS swayed more and were significantly weaker than controls. Cerebellar dysfunction was identified as the EDSS domain most strongly associated with increased sway, and sensory loss was associated with a relatively greater dependence on vision for balance control. These findings suggest that exercise interventions targeting sensory integration and cerebellar ataxia may be beneficial for enhancing balance control in people with MS.
Managing Neuropsychological Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Pöttgen Jana , Lau Stephanie , Penner Iris , Heesen Christoph , Moritz Steffen 
Published: October 2014

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system of potential autoimmune origin that is frequently associated with psychological disorders and cognitive deficits, as well as with fatigue, stress, and psychosocial burden. These factors often cause decreased quality of life, social withdrawal, and unemployment. We describe the development of a cognitive-behavioral group intervention based on the concept of metacognition and evaluation of the feasibility and acceptance of the program as a rehabilitation tool.Methods: Metacognitive Training in MS (MaTiMS) consists of six modules, each 90 minutes in duration. We tested acceptance and design of the program in six focus groups (entire sample, n = 27). Framework analysis of transcripts was used to identify key topics and categories. Program modules were revised in accordance with appropriate recommendations of focus group members. We subsequently evaluated MaTiMS in two groups (n = 5, n = 6) in a rehabilitation center. Neuropsychological functioning as well as coping self-efficacy, depression, stress, perceived cognitive deficit, fatigue, and quality of life were assessed. Acceptance of MaTiMS from the patient perspective was also studied.Results: The modules were highly accepted by patients. Pre-post assessments showed significant improvements in the Coping Self Efficacy Scale (P = .007), the Würzburger Fatigue Inventory for MS Score (P = .028), and the Hamburg Quality of Life Questionnaire in Multiple Sclerosis Mood subscale (P = .046).Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that MaTiMS represents a feasible psychological group training program that may foster improvements in self-efficacy, fatigue, and mood. The next step will be an evaluation of the program in a randomized controlled trial.
Estimating the benthic efflux of dissolved iron on the Ross Sea continental shelf
Authors: Marsay C. M. , Sedwick P. N. , Dinniman M. S. , Barrett P. M. , Mack S. L. , McGillicuddy D. J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractContinental margin sediments provide a potentially large but poorly constrained source of dissolved iron (dFe) to the upper ocean. The Ross Sea continental shelf is one region where this benthic supply is thought to play a key role in regulating the magnitude of seasonal primary production. Here we present data collected during austral summer 2012 that reveal contrasting low surface (0.08 ± 0.07 nM) and elevated near‐seafloor (0.74 ± 0.47 nM) dFe concentrations. Combining these observations with results from a high‐resolution physical circulation model, we estimate dFe efflux of 5.8 × 107 mol yr−1 from the deeper portions (>400 m) of the Ross Sea continental shelf; more than sufficient to account for the inferred “winter reserve” dFe inventory at the onset of the growing season. In addition, elevated dFe concentrations observed over shallower bathymetry suggest that such features provide additional inputs of dFe to the euphotic zone throughout the year.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Electron‐Transport Properties of a π‐Conjugated Heteromacrocycle: A Selenium‐Bridged Neutral Annulene
Authors: Liu Hang , Qin Yunke , Xu Wei , Zhu Daoben 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn aromatic heteromacrocycle, selenium bridged neutral annulene 5,16‐diphenyltetraselenolo[22]annulene[2,1,2,1] (DPTSA) was synthesized through a convenient four‐step procedure. DPTSA is a symmetrical macrocyclic architecture consisting of four selenophene units linked with unsaturated carbon–carbon bonds. DPTSA was shown to have high aromaticity by 1H NMR and UV/vis absorption spectra. Its electrochemical properties and thermostability were studied. A thin‐film transistor based on DPTSA was fabricated to evaluate the possibility of its application in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). DPTSA performed as a p‐type semiconductor with the best hole mobility of 2.8×10−3 cm2 V−1 S−1 and the on/off ratio of 1.0×105. The thin‐film morphology of devices based on DPTSA was also characterized to preliminarily reveal the structure‐property relationships.
Nanosicherheitsforschung – sind wir auf dem richtigen Weg?
Authors: Krug Harald F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDie Zahl der publizierten Studien zum Thema Nanosicherheit spricht für sich. Wir verzeichnen seit ungefähr 15 Jahren einen nahezu exponentiellen Anstieg bei den Publikationen zur “Nanotoxikologie”. Waren es bis zum Jahr 2000 noch wenige Hundert, so sind seit 2001 mehr als 10 000 Publikationen zum Thema “Nanomaterialien: Umwelt und Gesundheit” veröffentlicht worden. Allein, eine Klarheit bei der Aussage zur Sicherheit der Nanomaterialien bleiben die meisten dieser Studien schuldig. Im Gegenteil: Viele der Arbeiten widersprechen einander oder kommen auch zu völlig falschen Schlussfolgerungen. Bereits vor drei Jahren haben wir an gleicher Stelle auf die Missstände bei den Studiendesigns und die Fehlerquellen in den Methoden hingewiesen. Auf der Basis einer umfassenden Literaturstudie und an ausgewählten toxikologischen Endpunkten soll aufgezeigt werden, wo die wesentlichen Schwachpunkte der Studien liegen und was wir in der Zukunft verbessern müssen.