bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A vacuolar proton pump controls the post-germinative growth of rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica)
Authors: Gann Peter James Icalia , Nandy Soumen , Botelho Flávia Barbosa Silva , Vinzant Kari , Khodakovskaya Mariya , Srivastava Vibha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Post-germinative growth in plants is controlled by sucrose mobilization from the endosperm. Regulation of this process, however, is not fully understood. Transcriptional suppression of the rice vacuolar H+ translocating pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) referred to as VPP5 led to enhanced starch content in mature grains. However, vpp5 suppressed lines displayed a slower post-germinative growth rescuable by sucrose, indicating inefficient sucrose mobilization from the endosperm. Biochemical and gene expression analyses showed a slower rate of starch to sucrose conversion and altered expression of the key starch utilization pathway genes. We hypothesized that the modulation of metabolic activities in the vpp5 lines was based on the perturbation in the homeostasis of H+ and/or inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). Concurring with this, we found enhanced levels of PPi in vpp5 germinating seeds. Metabolomic analysis of the germinating seeds at two different stages of germination revealed a slower rate of metabolism and a differential enrichment of metabolites associated with starch and sucrose metabolism in vpp5 compared to the wildtype. Notably, the yield traits of vpp5 lines, at least in the greenhouse conditions, were not impacted as grain numbers and grain weight of the greenhouse-ripened seeds were similar to that of the wildtype. In conclusion, VPP5 encoding the endosperm-specific V-PPase regulates starch to sucrose conversion in germinating seeds, and its suppression results in a slower post-germinative growth but does not impact the reproductive development the plants.
Optimized derivative fast Fourier transform: Splitting singlet-appearing resonances to genuine multiplets in ovarian NMR spectra from encoded time signals
Authors: Belkić Dževad , Belkić Karen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We address the demanding J-spectroscopy part of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for encoded time signals. In the fast Fourier transform (FFT), the J-coupled multiplets are mostly unresolved even with strong magnetic fields (e.g. 600 MHz, 14.1T). The problem is further exacerbated by minuscule chemical shift bands hosting such multiplets. Derivative estimations might be tried as an alternative strategy. However, too tightly overlapped resonances require higher-order derivative estimations. These, in turn, uncontrollably enhance the reconstruction instabilities. Hence, a robust optimizing stabilizer is needed. It is provided by the optimized derivative fast Fourier transform, which simultaneously increases resolution and reduces noise. We presently demonstrate that higher-orders (up to 15) of this processor can accurately resolve the J-coupled multiplets into their genuine components hidden within the singlet-appearing resonances in the FFT spectra. This is exemplified with the challenging two triplets (taurine, myo-inositol lying within only 0.02 ppm) for time signals encoded by ovarian NMR spectroscopy from a patient’s excised cancerous cyst fluid specimen.
Scaling the weight parameters in Markov logic networks and relational logistic regression models
Authors: Weitkämper Felix Q. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Extrapolation with domain size has received plenty of attention recently, both in its own right and as part of the broader issue of scaling inference and learning to large domains. We consider Markov logic networks and relational logistic regression as two fundamental representation formalisms in statistical relational artificial intelligence that use weighted formulas in their specification. However, Markov logic networks are based on undirected graphs, while relational logistic regression is based on directed acyclic graphs. We show that when scaling the weight parameters with the domain size, the asymptotic behaviour of a relational logistic regression model is transparently controlled by the parameters, and we supply an algorithm to compute asymptotic probabilities. We show using two examples that this is not true for Markov logic networks. We also discuss using several examples, mainly from the literature, how the application context can help the user to decide when such scaling is appropriate and when using the raw unscaled parameters might be preferable.
Re-assessing accuracy degradation: a framework for understanding DNN behavior on similar-but-non-identical test datasets
Authors: Anzaku Esla Timothy , Wang Haohan , Babalola Ajiboye , Van Messem Arnout , De Neve Wesley 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) often demonstrate remarkable performance when evaluated on the test dataset used during model creation. However, their ability to generalize effectively when deployed is crucial, especially in critical applications. One approach to assess the generalization capability of a DNN model is to evaluate its performance on replicated test datasets, which are created by closely following the same methodology and procedures used to generate the original test dataset. Our investigation focuses on the performance degradation of pre-trained DNN models in multi-class classification tasks when evaluated on these replicated datasets; this performance degradation has not been entirely explained by generalization shortcomings or dataset disparities. To address this, we introduce a new evaluation framework that leverages uncertainty estimates generated by the models studied. This framework is designed to isolate the impact of variations in the evaluated test datasets and assess DNNs based on the consistency of their confidence in their predictions. By employing this framework, we can determine whether an observed performance drop is primarily caused by model inadequacy or other factors. We applied our framework to analyze 564 pre-trained DNN models across the CIFAR-10 and ImageNet benchmarks, along with their replicated versions. Contrary to common assumptions about model inadequacy, our results indicate a substantial reduction in the performance gap between the original and replicated datasets when accounting for model uncertainty. This suggests a previously unrecognized adaptability of models to minor dataset variations. Our findings emphasize the importance of understanding dataset intricacies and adopting more nuanced evaluation methods when assessing DNN model performance. This research contributes to the development of more robust and reliable DNN models, especially in critical applications where generalization performance is of utmost importance. The code to reproduce our experiments will be available at https://github.com/esla/Reassessing_DNN_Accuracy.
Are U.S. GAAP-based and IFRS-based accounting amounts more comparable after the revised lease standards? Evidence from ASC 842 and IFRS 16
Authors: Altamuro Jennifer , Chen Lucy Huajing , Li Yiwen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines whether the revised lease standards (ASC 842 and IFRS 16) make U.S. GAAP-based accounting amounts more comparable with IFRS-based accounting amounts. Our study is motivated by the FASB and the IASB’s call for research on the comparability of the revised lease standards. We find that U.S. GAAP and IFRS pairs that are high operating lease users experience a larger increase in accounting comparability after the adoption of revised lease standards than low operating lease U.S. GAAP-IFRS pairs. Additionally, our results suggest that the improvement comes more from the changes to the balance sheet rather than the income statement and is more pronounced for IFRS firms from countries with stronger accounting enforcement. Lastly, we show that analysts who are more GAAP-focused (IFRS-focused) prior to the standard change are more likely to increase their forecasting of book value per share for IFRS (U.S. GAAP) firms.
The Role of Kinetic Instabilities and Waves in Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Graham D. B. , Cozzani G. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Wilder V. D. , Holmes J. C. , Nakamura T. K. M. , Büchner J. , Dokgo K. , Richard L. , Steinvall K. , Norgren C. , Chen L.-J. , Ji H. , Drake J. F. , Stawarz J. E. , Eriksson S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Magnetic reconnection converts magnetic field energy into particle energy by breaking and reconnecting magnetic field lines. Magnetic reconnection is a kinetic process that generates a wide variety of kinetic waves via wave-particle interactions. Kinetic waves have been proposed to play an important role in magnetic reconnection in collisionless plasmas by, for example, contributing to anomalous resistivity and diffusion, particle heating, and transfer of energy between different particle populations. These waves range from below the ion cyclotron frequency to above the electron plasma frequency and from ion kinetic scales down to electron Debye length scales. This review aims to describe the progress made in understanding the relationship between magnetic reconnection and kinetic waves. We focus on the waves in different parts of the reconnection region, namely, the diffusion region, separatrices, outflow regions, and jet fronts. Particular emphasis is placed on the recent observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft and numerical simulations, which have substantially increased the understanding of the interplay between kinetic waves and reconnection. Some of the ongoing questions related to waves and reconnection are discussed.
The brothers Karamazov go abroad: A dataset of Russian leaders’ foreign visits
Authors: Aras Bulent , Fazlioglu Burcu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents the “Russia Visits Dataset,” which records high-level visits by Russian leaders to foreign countries from 1991 to 2023, including official trips by presidents, prime ministers, and foreign ministers. Using probit regression analysis, the study reveals that strategic interests—such as political, economic, and military factors—predominantly shape the distribution of Russian leader visits, while domestic influences are found to have a limited role. The analysis also emphasizes the importance of international organizations, particularly the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), as a key driver of Russian state visits. The results suggest that previous visits by different leaders influence subsequent visits, indicating a coordinated and sequential approach to Russian diplomacy. The “Russia Visits Dataset” serves as a valuable resource for understanding the dynamics of Russian foreign policy and provides a foundation for future research into the motivations, impacts, and diplomatic strategies of Russian leader visits.
Age-related changes in the radiologic findings of lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia: a multicenter study
Authors: Ohya Ayumi , Fukuzawa Takuya , Himoto Yuki , Kido Aki , Tsuboyama Takahiro , Kikkawa Nao , Fukui Hideyuki , Iraha Yuko , Ito Kimiteru , Fujinaga Yasunari 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the age-related changes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH) during long-term follow-up.

Materials and methods
This multicenter study included 91 patients who underwent preoperative MRI and had a histopathological diagnosis of LEGH, atypical LEGH, or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) with LEGH after surgical resection. Thirty patients underwent follow-up MRIs at intervals of more than 3 months. According to the age and menopausal status, patients were categorized into four groups: group A, 31–40 years; group B, 41–50 years (premenopausal); group C, more than 50 years (premenopausal); group D, postmenopausal. Differences in the MRI findings (size and morphological pattern) were compared among the four groups.

Results
The lesion volume was the largest in group C and smallest in group D, showing a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The typical cosmos pattern was seen in 60.0% of group A, 62.2% of group B, 75.0% of group C, and 29.2% of group D. The cosmos pattern was significantly less frequent in postmenopausal patients compared to premenopausal patients (p < 0.05). During follow-up, five of 12 individuals in group A exhibited the typical cosmos pattern. Among the seven individuals who did not initially show the cosmos pattern, two later developed the typical cosmos pattern. No changes in the lesion pattern were observed in participants in their 40 s up to the premenopausal 50 s. From the premenopausal 50 s to the postmenopausal period, the cosmos pattern changed to a microcystic pattern in one case of atypical LEGH.

Conclusions
LEGH increases in volume with age until menopause, along with an increasing frequency of the typical cosmos pattern in MRI. However, after menopause, both the volume of the lesion and frequency of the typical cosmos pattern decrease.
Seasonal Variation in the Role of Benthic Macrofauna Communities for Ecosystem Functioning in Shallow Coastal Soft-Sediment Habitats
Authors: Gammal Johanna , Järnström Marie , Norkko Joanna , Bonsdorff Erik , Norkko Alf 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Coastal zones include a variety of habitats and numerous biodiversity components, which provide essential ecosystem functions and services. In the wake of the escalating climate and biodiversity crises, there is an urgency for increased understanding of how biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning. The strong seasonality in high-latitude ecosystems is adding complexity to these relationships. To examine this complexity, recurrent sampling of benthic macrofauna and solute fluxes was conducted in three shallow (< 4 m) coastal soft-sediment habitats (I sandy mud, II fine sand, and III medium sand) over a year (April 2015–April 2016) in SW Finland (N 59° 50.670′, E 23° 14.963′). In addition to temperature, key benthic fauna species (Macoma balthica, Cerastoderma glaucum, Hediste diversicolor, and Marenzelleria spp.) accounted for variability in solute fluxes at every site (27–47% of the variability explained). At the most exposed site, with medium sand, the organic matter content also apparently affected solute fluxes. These results highlight that the strength of the benthic biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships depends on season, macrofauna species, and environmental context.
Automating quality control through an expert system
Authors: Scarton Giorgio , Formentini Marco , Romano Pietro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this article, we present findings from an interventional study conducted within a small enterprise in northern Italy, focused on automating quality control in press-in operation for the production of reduction gearboxes. Guided by Organizational Information Processing Theory, we developed an expert system to automate quality control and facilitate early fault detection. This novel approach enhances quality control within this production stage and could potentially impact other levels of the supply chain. We contribute to the theory by providing a revised version of the Organizational Information Processing Theory framework which integrates technological advancements and variability of the task over time as critical factors affecting information processing, and shows the iterative nature of the digitalization process in SMEs. Operationally, the solution increases defect identification from 6% at end-of-line to 15% through step-by-step checks. It provides a cost-effective, practical example of AI-driven quality control, advocating for data-driven decision-making demonstrating a scalable pathway for SMEs to adopt AI with limited resources.
Uncertainty quantification data model for the probabilistic design of the thermal protection system of a reusable launch vehicle stage
Authors: Koch Aaron D. , Wilken Jascha , Alder Marko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Early design phases significantly impact a system’s life-cycle costs, yet they are fraught with large uncertainties. Hence, it is important to incorporate uncertainties in preliminary design activities. However, sampling the uncertain design space instead of analyzing a single system entails a considerable computational cost. It also demands a high degree of automation. Standardized data models can significantly aid this effort by offering a structured way of storing and handling large amounts of data. Therefore, this paper proposes an uncertainty quantification (UQ) data model for dealing with probabilistic data. Its hierarchical structure has been specified using Extensible Markup Language Schema Definition (XSD). It is complemented by a library written in C and provides additional Python bindings. The proposed approach is used in a case study in which the design of a thermal protection system (TPS) of the wing profile of a reusable launch vehicle stage is assessed. The UQ data model was used to store the UQ data of the TPS design study.
Nutritional support in professional German football clubs and youth academies—a descriptive study
Authors: Reyzis Dolores , Braun Hans , Hauser Thomas , Meyer Tim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Proper nutrition is considered important for the maintenance of health and performance in football players. The more demanding the match and training schedule, the higher the requirements for nutritional advice are. Still, the amount and level of nutritional support is unknown in many (semi-)professional settings. Therefore, the goal of this study was to provide an overview of nutrition practices in clubs of the highest German football leagues and their youth academies. An online survey about nutritional support was distributed to 97 professional male (Bundesliga, 2nd Bundesliga, and 3rd division), female (Women’s Bundesliga), and academy club representatives of which 52 (54% response rate) replied. We found that ~83% (n = 43) of clubs provide some nutritional advice, mostly for the professional male (69%, n = 35) and academy teams (65%, n = 34), while only 32% (n = 12) of professional female teams receive support. Nutritional advice is primarily provided by either full-time coaches (27%) or external nutritionists (27%). In about 60% of elite German clubs, daily nutrition offers include one whole meal, sports foods and micronutrient supplementation. Clubs’ representatives (75%) concur that nutrition significantly impacts football performance. Challenges in the implementation of advice are seen in professional players being often quite resistant to advice and in the topic still being “very coach-dependent”. In conclusion, nutrition is regarded an important topic within surveyed clubs, but consistent support by nutrition professionals is sparse, especially for female players. To enhance the quality of nutritional support, professional clubs and academies might consider employing a full-time qualified nutritionist or dietitian.
Mitochondria in cutaneous health, disease, ageing and rejuvenation—the 3PM-guided mitochondria-centric dermatology
Authors: Golubnitschaja Olga , Sargheini Nafiseh , Bastert Janine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Association of both intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors leading to accelerated skin ageing is reflected in excessive ROS production and ir/reversible mitochondrial injury and burnout, as abundantly demonstrated by accumulating research data. Due to the critical role of mitochondrial stress in the pathophysiology of skin ageing and disorders, maintained (primary care) and restored (secondary care) mitochondrial health, rejuvenation and homoeostasis are considered the most effective holistic approach to advance dermatological treatments based on systemic health–supportive and stimulating measures. Per evidence, an effective skin anti-ageing protection, wound healing and scarring quality – all strongly depend on the sustainable mitochondrial functionality and well-balanced homoeostasis. The latter can be objectively measured and, if necessary, restored in a systemic manner by pre- and rehabilitation algorithms tailored to individualised patient profiles. The entire spectrum of corresponding innovations in the area includes natural and systemic skin rejuvenation, aesthetic and reconstructive medicine, sustainable skin protection and targeted treatments of skin disorders. Contextually, mitochondria-centric dermatology is instrumental for advanced 3PM-guided approach which makes a good use of predictive multi-level diagnostics and targeted protection of skin against both — the health-to-disease transition and progression of relevant disorders. Cost-effective targeted protection and new treatment avenues focused on sustainable mitochondrial health and physiologic homoeostasis are proposed in the article including in-depth analysis of patient cases and exemplified 3PM-guided care with detailed mechanisms and corresponding expert recommendations presented.
Development of buspirone hydrochloride-loaded long-acting microneedles for management of anxiety disorders
Authors: Karve Tanvi , Shrestha Nisha , Kipping Thomas , Banga Ajay K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Buspirone hydrochloride (BSP) is an anxiolytic agent approved for the management of anxiety disorders. The current US-FDA approved medications of BSP are administered via the oral route, which is linked to several disadvantages such as low oral bioavailability and low half-life necessitating multiple daily doses. For chronic diseases such as anxiety disorders, where long-term or lifelong management is often required, these factors impact patient compliance and treatment adherence. The present study offers an alternative treatment approach by investigating the feasibility of sustained transdermal delivery of BSP via long-acting microneedles (MNs). Needle-tip-loaded MNs were fabricated via micro-molding technique using various grades of poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) namely 4–88, 8–88, 18–88, and 26–88. These MNs were compared using characterization techniques such as Parafilm® insertion testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and histological evaluation of MNs-treated human skin. The effect of different grades of PVA on the structural and mechanical properties of the fabricated MNs was evaluated. Further, in vitro release and permeation tests were conducted to assess the drug release patterns and transdermal delivery across dermatomed human skin over 7-day study periods. The highest release (5507.37 ± 456.88 µg/cm2) and delivery (4705.42 ± 634.57 µg/cm2) were observed from PVA 4–88, with significant differences among the PVA grades based on their properties. Notably, all four types of the fabricated PVA MNs crossed the daily and weekly therapeutic targets for the systemic delivery of BSP. Overall, this study established the feasibility of sustained delivery of BSP across the skin using PVA MNs for the management of anxiety disorders.

Graphical Abstract