bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of nitrogen stress on Isochrysis galbana strain U4, a candidate for biodiesel production
Authors: Roopnarain Ashira , Gray Vincent M. , Sym Stuart 
Published: September 2014

SummaryLipid accumulation has been investigated in numerous microalgal species to assess their potential with respect to biodiesel production. The present work determines the effect of nitrogen stress on physiological and ultrastructural changes in Isochrysis galbana U4. This study is unique in showing the correlations between growth, lipid production, pigmentation and ultrastructural changes in Isochrysis cells undergoing nitrogen starvation. The continuation of algal growth after the complete depletion of external nitrogen was shown to be supported by internal nitrogen stores, possibly in the pyrenoid. Cell growth ceased and lipid accumulation was initiated after the internal store of nitrogen had become exhausted. The depletion of intracellular nitrogen reservoirs to critical thresholds initiated the onset of the stationary phase, a decline in chlorophyll content and the initiation of lipid and carotenoid accumulation. The most notable ultrastructural changes, upon nitrogen stress, were the accumulation of plastidial and cytoplasmic lipid bodies and the dismantling of the chloroplast. The size of the pyrenoid when external nitrogen became depleted was found to decrease significantly, up to four‐fold. This was attributed to the remobilization of nitrogen from Rubisco. The level of expression of heterochromatin was found to increase when cells were nitrogen starved. This is thought to favor long‐term dormancy in this species because aging cells have been noted to recover rapidly when returned to conditions favorable for growth. The observations of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that the responses of Isochrysis cells to nitrogen starvation are regulated by the internal reserves of nitrogen, and the depletion of these reserves is an important trigger for lipid accumulation in this species. The findings of this study also indicate that Isochrysis galbana U4 is a promising candidate for biodiesel lipid production.
Use and misuse of alcohol and psychotropic drugs among older people: Is that an issue when services are planned for and implemented?
Authors: Johannessen Aud , Engedal Knut , Helvik Anne‐Sofie 
Published: September 2014

BackgroundTo investigate health personnel's perceptions and experiences of alcohol and psychotropic drug use among older people (65 years and above) and to what extent this is an issue when services are planned for and implemented.MethodQualitative interviews with 16 health professionals who work with older patients, 13 registered district nurses, two occupational therapists and one physiotherapist, were performed during 2013. The sample included informants aged 34–62 years from 14 municipalities, four were male.FindingsTwo main categories emerged: state of practice and a desire to improve services. The first category details the informants' perceptions of legitimacy and attention to substance use and misuse among older people in need of healthcare, and their competence and knowledge on the topic. The topic was experienced as demanding to bring up. Health personnel described a lack of attention and competence how to handle use and misuse of alcohol and psychotropic drugs. The category is described in the subcategories legitimacy and attention to substance use and misuse and competence and knowledge in practice. The second category demonstrates the informants' desire to improve services so it better can contribute to detect misuse among older people and contribute to treatment. The variation is contained in the subcategories improving collaboration and changing routines.ConclusionUse and misuse of alcohol and psychoactive drugs among older people had little attention when the community health service is planned for and implemented. The participating health professionals had a desire to improve routines and collaboration in the healthcare services, but were also in need of improved competence about use and misuse of alcohol and psychoactive drugs.
A room of one′s own – Being cared for in a hospital with a single‐bed room design
Authors: Persson Eva , Anderberg Patrice , Kristensson Ekwall Anna 
Published: September 2014

AimTo illuminate patients’ experiences of being hospitalised in a hospital with a single‐bed room design.IntroductionMany patients seem to prefer single‐bed hospital rooms. However, studies have also shown that patients do see the advantages of multiple‐bed rooms.MethodInterviews were conducted with 16 inpatients from a surgical ward in a hospital building with a single‐bed room design. A hermeneutical–phenomenological approach guided by van Manen′s four life‐world existentials was used to analyse the interviews.ResultsThe essential meaning was that patients felt secure because they could create a personal environment without disruptive elements. The room was private, and this implied feelings of homeliness, which allowed patients to focus on themselves and was thought to facilitate the recovery process. The patients preferred staying in their room, and the relationship with the personnel was central. Feelings of loneliness and isolation could occur and could be frightening. Being hospitalised in a single‐bed room meant balancing between feeling secure and feeling insecure. The following four themes emerged: A homely environment, The need for company and security, Time as unpredictable and involving waiting and Focus on healing the body.ConclusionPatients experienced that a single‐bed room allowed them to focus on their recovery, have visitors without disturbing others and create a feeling of homeliness. However, mobilisation is not a natural part of the recovery process when patients have all they need in their rooms. The patients’ need for social interaction and confirmation was not satisfied without effort and planning on the part of staff.
Evidence‐based Review of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Chronic Kidney Disease Patient
Authors: Kalman Richard S. , Pedrosa Marcos C. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPatients with end‐stage renal disease are more likely to suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) problems, including bleeding from upper and lower sources. Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of upper GI bleeding, and although there is some debate in the literature regarding whether the frequency of ulcer disease is higher in patients with kidney disease, it is well established that outcomes are worse in patients with compromised renal function. Angioectasias can be found throughout the GI tract and are another common cause of bleeding; management can be divided into localized endoscopic therapy and systemic hormonal treatment, or surgery for refractory cases. The most frequent causes of lower GI bleeding in this population, in addition to angioectasias, are diverticulosis, hemorrhoids, and ischemic colitis.
Geocomputation over the Emerging Heterogeneous Computing Infrastructure
Authors: Shi Xuan , Lai Chenggang , Huang Miaoqing , You Haihang 
Published: September 2014

AbstractEmerging computer architectures and systems that combine multi‐core CPUs and accelerator technologies, like many‐core Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) and Intel's Many Integrated Core (MIC) coprocessors, would provide substantial computing power for many time‐consuming spatial‐temporal computation and applications. Although a distributed computing environment is suitable for large‐scale geospatial computation, emerging advanced computing infrastructure remains unexplored in GIScience applications. This article introduces three categories of geospatial applications by effectively exploiting clusters of CPUs, GPUs and MICs for comparative analysis. Within these three benchmark tests, the GPU clusters exemplify advantages in the use case of embarrassingly parallelism. For spatial computation that has light communication between the computing nodes, GPU clusters present a similar performance to that of the MIC clusters when large data is applied. For applications that have intensive data communication between the computing nodes, MIC clusters could display better performance than GPU clusters. This conclusion will be beneficial to the future endeavors of the GIScience community to deploy the emerging heterogeneous computing infrastructure efficiently to achieve high or better performance spatial computation over big data.
Draft Genome Sequence of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain W2 Associated with
Crocus sativus
(Saffron)
Authors: Gupta Rikita , Vakhlu Jyoti , Agarwal Atima , Nilawe Pravin D. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT

Bacillus
sp. strain W2 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium isolated from saffron fields of Kashmir, India. Here, we report the draft genome sequence (3.9 Mb) of
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
strain W2 having 65 contigs (3, 997, 511 bp), 4,163 coding sequences, and an average 46.45% GC content. Despite the 99% identity of the 16S rRNA gene with that of
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
subsp.
plantarum
FZB42, the genome comparison revealed that only 48.7% of the W2 genome has homology with that of FZB42.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Serratia
sp. Strain DD3, Isolated from the Guts of
Daphnia magna
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Freese Heike M. , Daniel Rolf , Simeonova Diliana D. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Serratia
sp. strain DD3, a gammaproteobacterium from the family
Enterobacteriaceae
. It was isolated from homogenized guts of
Daphnia magna
. The genome size is 5,274 Mb.
Draft Genome Sequence of aPantoeasp. Isolated from a Preterm Neonatal Blood Sepsis Patient
Authors: Kropp K. A. , Lucid A. , Carroll J. , Belgrudov V. , Walsh P. , Kelly B. , Templeton K. , Smith C. , Dickinson P. , O'Driscoll A. , Ghazal P. , Sleator R. D. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTHerein, we report the draft genome sequence ofPantoeasp.ED-NGS-1003, cultivated from a blood sample taken from a neonatal sepsis patient at the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Structural, geochronological and geochemical evidence for two distinct thrust sheets in the ‘Main Central thrust zone’, the Main Central thrust and Ramgarh–Munsiari thrust: implications for upper crustal shortening in central Nepal
Authors: Khanal S. , Robinson D. M. , Mandal S. , Simkhada P. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Two orogen-scale thrusts structurally underneath Greater Himalayan (GH) rocks characterize the structural architecture of Himalaya in central Nepal. The Main Central thrust (MCT) is at the base of the GH with the Lesser Himalayan (LH) Robang Formation in the footwall, which is the hanging wall of the Ramgarh–Munsiari thrust (RMT). At Kodari-Tatopani and Malekhu, U–Pb detrital zircon age populations from the RMT sheet yield a maximum depositional age of
c.
1838 and
c.
1871 Ma. U–Pb analyses of igneous zircons from the RMT sheet yield a crystallization age of
c.
1750 Ma at both Galchhi and Kodari-Tatopani. The εNd(0) values of pelitic rocks from the RMT sheet at Kodari-Tatopani range from
c.
−23 to −25; whereas, GH rocks have values from
c.
−12 to −18. These data indicate that the RMT sheet carries the Palaeoproterozoic LH rock and the MCT carries the GH rock. At Kodari-Tatopani, the thrust previously mapped as the MCT is interpreted to be the RMT. Positively identifying the RMT sheet in all three locations yields a more accurate kinematic evolution and confirms its orogenic-scale presence in central Nepal.

Supplementary material:

U–Pb geochronological analyses are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18775
CKM
and
LILRB5
Are Associated With Serum Levels of Creatine Kinase
Authors: Dubé Marie-Pierre , Zetler Rosa , Barhdadi Amina , Brown Andrew M.K. , Mongrain Ian , Normand Valérie , Laplante Nathalie , Asselin Géraldine , Zada Yassamin Feroz , Provost Sylvie , Bergeron Jean , Kouz Simon , Dufour Robert , Diaz Ariel , de Denus Simon , Turgeon Jacques , Rhéaume Eric , Phillips Michael S. , Tardif Jean-Claude 
Published: September 2014

Background—
Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are the most prescribed class of lipid-lowering drugs for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Creatine kinase (CK) is a commonly used biomarker to assist in the diagnosis of statin-induced myotoxicity but the normal range of CK concentrations is wide, which limits its use as a diagnostic biomarker.

Methods and Results—

We conducted a genome-wide association study of serum CK levels in 3412 statin users. Patients were recruited in Quebec, Canada, and genotyped on Illumina Human610-Quad and an iSelect panel enriched for lipid homeostasis, hypertension, and drug metabolism genes. We found a strong association signal between serum levels of CK and the muscle CK (
CKM
) gene (rs11559024:
P
=3.69×10
−16
;
R
2
=0.02) and with the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 5 (
LILRB5
) gene (rs2361797:
P
=1.96×10
−10
;
R
2
=0.01). Genetic variants in those 2 genes were independently associated with CK levels in statin users. Results were successfully replicated in 5330 participants from the Montreal Heart Institute Biobank in statin users for
CKM
(rs11559024:
P
=4.32×10
−16
;
R
2
=0.02) and
LILRB5
(rs12975366
P
=4.45×10
−10
;
R
2
=0.01) and statin nonusers (
P
=4.08×10
−7
,
R
2
=0.01;
P
=3.17×10
−9
,
R
2
=0.02, respectively).

Conclusions—

This is the first genome-wide study to report on the underlying genetic determinants of CK variation in a population of statin users. We found statistically significant association for variants in the
CKM
and
LILRB5
genes.
A new species of Labidocera (Copepoda, Calanoida, Pontellidae) from the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Prusova Irina , Prusova Irina , Al-Yamani Faiza 
Published: September 2014

A new species of marine epiplanktonic copepod of the genus Labidocera Lubbock, 1853 (Calanoida, Pontellidae), Labidocera kuwaitiana sp. nov., is described from the coastal waters of the Arabian Gulf [=Persian Gulf] near Kuwait. The species belongs to the ‘darwinii’ species group because it has an endopod on the left fifth leg of the male, but differs distinctly from other members of the group in having a dorsal process on the genital double-somite in the female and a greatly elongated, toothed process on segments XXI-XXIII at the prehensile antennule in the male. The new species is closely related to L. acutifrons (Dana, 1849), but may be distinguished from L. acutifrons by details of the urosome and fifth leg in the female and details of the fifth leg and prehensile antennule in the male. The size of the eye lenses in Labidocera kuwaitiana sp. nov. males is shortly discussed. A key to the species of the ‘darwinii’ group is presented.
Airway-Related Symptoms and Surgeries in Patients With Mucopolysaccharidosis I
Authors: Arn Pamela , Bruce Iain A. , Wraith James E. , Travers Helen , Fallet Shari 
Published: September 2014

Objective: Mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS I) is a progressive, debilitating, and life-threatening genetic disease, which, owing to the nonspecific nature of the early symptoms, is often unrecognized and associated with significant diagnostic delays. To improve early recognition leading to early diagnosis and initiation of treatment, we characterized the extent of airway-related symptoms and surgeries among patients with MPS I. Methods: Analysis of the frequency of airway-related symptoms and surgeries from 1041 patients enrolled in the MPS I Registry and correlation with other systemic manifestations of MPS I. Results: Airway-related symptoms (macroglossia, enlarged tonsils, reactive airway disease/asthma, or sleep disturbances) were reported for as many as 85% of Hurler, 83% of Hurler-Scheie, and 65% of Scheie patients—very often before the diagnosis of MPS I was established. Surgeries for an airway indication were reported in 39% of patients and many had at least 1 airway-related surgery before the diagnosis of MPS I was confirmed. The mean percentage of patients with airway-related symptoms for whom hernias and/or dysostosis multiplex were also reported was 84% and 54%, respectively. Conclusion: Airway-related symptoms and surgeries are common and often the earliest presenting feature in MPS I. Improved recognition of early MPS I disease manifestations may lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment.
Reporting standards for Bland–Altman agreement analysis in laboratory research: a cross-sectional survey of current practice
Authors: Chhapola Viswas , Kanwal Sandeep Kumar , Brar Rekha 
Published: September 2014

Background and objectives To carry out a cross-sectional survey of the medical literature on laboratory research papers published later than 2012 and available in the common search engines (PubMed, Google Scholar) on the quality of statistical reporting of method comparison studies using Bland–Altman (B-A) analysis. Methods Fifty clinical studies were identified which had undertaken method comparison of laboratory analytes using B-A. The reporting of B-A was evaluated using a predesigned checklist with following six items: (1) correct representation of x-axis on B-A plot, (2) representation and correct definition of limits of agreement (LOA), (3) reporting of confidence interval (CI) of LOA, (4) comparison of LOA with a priori defined clinical criteria, (5) evaluation of the pattern of the relationship between difference ( y-axis) and average ( x-axis) and (6) measures of repeatability. Results and interpretation The x-axis and LOA were presented correctly in 94%, comparison with a priori clinical criteria in 74%, CI reporting in 6%, evaluation of pattern in 28% and repeatability assessment in 38% of studies. Conclusions There is incomplete reporting of B-A in published clinical studies. Despite its simplicity, B-A appears not to be completely understood by researchers, reviewers and editors of journals. There appear to be differences in the reporting of B-A between laboratory medicine journals and other clinical journals. A uniform reporting of B-A method will enhance the generalizability of results.
Anatomical Predisposition of the Ankle Joint for Lateral Sprain or Lateral Malleolar Fracture Evaluated by Radiographic Measurements
Authors: Lee Kyoung Min , Chung Chin Youb , Sung Ki Hyuk , Lee SeungYeol , Kim Tae Gyun , Choi Young , Jung Ki Jin , Kim Yeon Ho , Koo Seung Bum , Park Moon Seok 
Published: September 2014

Background: Injury mechanism and the amount of force are important factors determining whether a fracture or sprain occurs at the time of an ankle inversion injury. However, the anatomical differences between the ankle fracture and sprain have not been investigated sufficiently. This study was performed to investigate whether an anatomical predisposition of the ankle joint results in a lateral malleolar fracture or lateral ankle sprain. Methods: Two groups of consecutive patients, one with lateral malleolar fracture (274 patients, mean age 49.0 years) and the other with lateral ankle sprain (400 patients, mean age 38.4 years), were evaluated. Ankle radiographs were examined for 7 measures: distal tibial articular surface (DTAS) angle, bimalleolar tilt (BT), medial malleolar relative length (MMRL), lateral malleolar relative length (LMRL), medial malleolar slip angle (MMSA), anterior inclination of tibia (AI), and fibular position (FP). After an interobserver reliability test, the radiographic measurements were compared between the 2 groups. Linear regression analysis was performed to correct for age and sex effects between the groups. Results: The fracture group and the sprain group showed significant differences in BT ( P = .001), MMSA ( P < .001), AI ( P = .023), and FP ( P < .001). In multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for age and sex effects, fracture and sprain groups showed a significant difference in BT ( P = .001), MMRL ( P < .001), MMSA ( P < .001), and FP ( P < .001). Conclusions: The lateral malleolar fracture group tended to show more bony constraint than that of the lateral ankle sprain group. Further 3-dimensional assessment of the bony structure and subsequent biomechanical studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of injury according to the various types of ankle fractures and ankle sprain. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Caffeine consumption does not have an effect on digital microvascular perfusion assessed by laser doppler imaging on healthy volunteers: a pilot study
Authors: Knight R. , Pagkalos J. , Timmons C. , Jose R. 
Published: September 2014

Caffeine is one of the most commonly consumed pharmacologically active ingredients in the Western world. It is postulated to cause peripheral vasoconstriction and decreased digital blood flow. As a result, many hand surgeons forbid caffeine consumption post-operatively by patients undergoing replantation surgery for fear of compromising healing. We hypothesized that caffeine has no effect on digital microvascular perfusion. Healthy volunteers were recruited and digital microperfusion was assessed using laser Doppler probes attached to the finger pulp, both before and after ingestion of 100 mg of caffeine. A total of 34 patients were included in the final study. The mean flow before the consumption of caffeine was 226.15 PU. The mean flow following the consumption of caffeine was 197.7 PU. This decrease was not statistically significant. This study revealed no decrease in digital blood flow following the ingestion of 100 mg of caffeine by healthy volunteers, as measured by laser Doppler flow monitoring. Level of Evidence: 3
Inhibition of serotonin transporter expression by C/EBPβ in LPS-activated macrophage cells (HD11)
Authors: Zimmermann Katrin , van Phi Valerie D , Brase Angela , Phi-van Loc 
Published: September 2014

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) transporter (5-HTT) is involved in inflammation and the stress response. In this study, we examined the regulation of 5-HTT expression in macrophage HD11 cells in response to bacterial LPS. Long-term exposure of cells to LPS (6–18 h) produced a decrease in 5-HTT mRNA expression. Accordingly, reduced 5-HTT activity measured by 5-HT uptake was also observed in LPS-treated HD11 cells. Moreover, LPS treatment, as well as co-transfection with an expression vector encoding the chicken CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ), resulted in inhibition of 5-HTT promoter activity. Indeed, sequence analysis revealed several C/EBPβ binding motifs in the upstream region of the 5-HTT gene, which specifically interacted with C/EBPβ both in an in vitro band shift assay and in living HD11 cells. The C/EBPβ binding was activated in cells treated with LPS. The role of C/EBPβ in LPS inhibition of 5-HTT expression was further confirmed by small interfering RNA interference, which demonstrated that knockdown of endogenous C/EBPβ attenuated the inhibition of 5-HTT expression in LPS-treated cells. Taken together, the results suggest that C/EBPβ plays a critical role in regulating the 5-HTT gene in macrophages in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Medial Malleolar Osteotomy and Osteochondral Autograft Transfer for Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Distal Tibial Plafond
Authors: Wunning Jeffrey , Allen-Wilson Nicole , Horton Elizabeth , Sharpe Jonathan 
Published: September 2014

The literature on the surgical treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the distal tibial plafond is significantly limited. The purpose of this case study is to present a novel surgical technique to repair osteochondritis dissecans of the distal medial tibial plafond. A retrospective chart and radiographic review of a 15-year-old male was performed with a 24-month follow-up along with a review of the literature. A right angled medial malleolar osteotomy provides adequate exposure, width, and depth of the medial distal tibial plafond allowing for the successful transfer of osteochondral autograft plugs. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case report