bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inspiring an Early Passion for Science: The Impact of Hands-on Activities on Children's Motivation
Authors: Yilmaz Melek Merve , Bekirler Asli , Sigirtmac Ayperi Dikici 
Published: July 2024

Purpose The aim of this research is to determine the impact of hands-on science activities on preschool children's motivation for science. Design/Approach/Methods The study group of the research, in which the quasi-experimental design with pretest–posttest control group was used, consists of 25 children aged 60–72 months who are continuing their preschool education. While the experimental group implemented hands-on science activities, the control group continued with the regular preschool education program. Science Motivation Scale for Preschool Children was used as a data collection tool. In the analysis of the data, independent samples t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. Findings Within the scope of the research, it was concluded that science activities based on hands-on activities were effective in increasing children's science motivation. In addition, it was observed that science motivation did not differ according to gender, and there was an increase in the science motivation of both girls and boys in the experimental group. Originality/Value The results obtained from the study show that children's science motivation can be shaped through hands-on activities.
Diabetes and Hospitalizations Among Mexican Americans Aged 75 Years and Older
Authors: Coleman Garrett T. , Al Snih Soham 
Published: July 2024

Objective: To examine factors associated with hospitalization among Mexican Americans aged 75 years and older with diabetes (with and without complications) and without diabetes over 12 years of follow up. Methods: Participants (N = 1454) were from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (2004/2005-2016) residing in Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. Measures included socio-demographics, medical conditions, falls, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, disability, physician visits, and hospitalizations. Participants were categorized as no diabetes (N = 1028), diabetes without complications (N = 180), and diabetes with complications (N = 246). Results: Participants with diabetes and complications had greater odds ratio (1.56, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.23-1.98) over time of being admitted to the hospital in the prior year versus those without diabetes. Participants with diabetes had greater odds of hospitalization if they had heart failure, falls, amputation, and insulin treatment. Conclusions: In Mexican American older adults, diabetes and diabetes-related complications increased the risk of hospitalization.
Hodgkin lymphoma involving the extra-axial CNS: an AHOD1331, PHL-C1, and PHL-C2 report from the COG and EuroNet-PHL
Authors: Pabari Reena , McCarten Kathleen , Flerlage Jamie , Lai Hollie , Mauz-Körholz Christine , Dieckmann Karin , Palese Monica , Kaste Sue , Castellino Sharon M. , Kelly Kara M. , Stoevesandt Dietrich , Kurch Lars 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) involving the central nervous system (CNS) is exceedingly rare. Information regarding the presentation, management, treatment, and outcome of patients with CNS HL is limited to case reports or small series. We describe 45 pediatric patients with 55 extra-axial CNS lesions at diagnosis with HL from a cohort of 4995 patients enrolled on Children’s Oncology Group AHOD1331 and the European Network for Pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma C1 and C2 trials, with an overall incidence of 0.9%. Up to 82.2% of patients had a single CNS lesion in the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral spine. In the evaluated cohort, HL did not occur within the CNS parenchyma. Lesions extended into the extra-axial CNS space from adjacent soft tissue or bone and never directly infiltrated through the dura into the brain or spinal cord. Patients with CNS involvement had a twofold greater incidence of extranodal lesions than previously reported cohorts without CNS involvement. After 2 cycles of chemotherapy, 89.1% of CNS lesions demonstrated a complete metabolic response and &gt;75% decrease in volume. Thirteen CNS lesions (23.6%) received irradiation; none were sites of disease relapse. Relapse occurred at the site of 2 lesions involving the CNS, both of which had an adequate interim response to chemotherapy. In summary, we present, to our knowledge, the largest reported cohort of systemic HL involving the CNS at diagnosis, demonstrating that these lesions originate from surrounding tissues, extend into the extra-axial CNS space, and respond similarly to other nodal and extranodal disease. The trials were registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02166463, #NCT00433459, and #NCT02684708.
Molecular mechanisms promoting long-term cytopenia after BCMA CAR-T therapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Palacios-Berraquero Maria Luisa , Rodriguez-Marquez Paula , Calleja-Cervantes Maria Erendira , Berastegui Nerea , Zabaleta Aintzane , Burgos Leire , Alignani Diego , San Martin-Uriz Patxi , Vilas-Zornoza Amaia , Rodriguez-Diaz Saray , Inoges Susana , Lopez-Diaz de Cerio Ascensión , Huerga Sofia , Tamariz Esteban , Rifon Jose , Alfonso-Pierola Ana , Lasarte Juan Jose , Paiva Bruno , Hernaez Mikel , Rodriguez-Otero Paula , San-Miguel Jesus , Ezponda Teresa , Rodriguez-Madoz Juan Roberto , Prosper Felipe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Hematologic toxicity is a common side effect of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies, being particularly severe among patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we characterized 48 patients treated with B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR-T cells to understand kinetics of cytopenia, identify predictive factors, and determine potential mechanisms underlying these toxicities. We observed that overall incidence of cytopenia was 95.7%, and grade &gt;3 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, 1 month after infusion, was observed in 57% and 53% of the patients, respectively, being still present after 1 year in 4 and 3 patients, respectively. Baseline cytopenia and high peak inflammatory markers were highly correlated with cytopenia that persisted up to 3 months. To determine potential mechanisms underlying cytopenias, we evaluated the paracrine effect of BCMA CAR-T cells on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) differentiation using an ex vivo myeloid differentiation model. Phenotypic analysis showed that supernatants from activated CAR-T cells (spCAR) halted HSPC differentiation, promoting more immature phenotypes, which could be prevented with a combination of interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α/β, transforming growth factor β, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-17 inhibitors. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated upregulation of transcription factors associated with early stages of hematopoietic differentiation in the presence of spCAR (GATA2, RUNX1, CEBPA) and a decrease in the activity of key regulons involved in neutrophil and monocytic maturation (ID2 and MAFB). These results suggest that CAR-T activation induces HSPC maturation arrest through paracrine effects and provides potential treatments to mitigate the severity of this toxicity.
CHRONOS-4: phase 3 study of copanlisib plus rituximab-based immunochemotherapy in relapsed indolent B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Zinzani Pier Luigi , Wang Huaqing , Feng Jifeng , Kim Tae Min , Tao Rong , Zhang Huilai , Fogliatto Laura , Maluquer Artigal Clara , Özcan Muhit , Yanez Eduardo , Kim Won Seog , Kirtbaya Dmitry , Kriachok Iryna , Maciel Felipe , Xue Hongwei , Bouabdallah Krimo , Phelps Charles , Chaturvedi Shalini , Weispfenning Anke , Morcos Peter N. , Odongo Fatuma , Buvaylo Viktoriya , Childs Barrett H. , Dreyling Martin , Matasar Matthew , Ghione Paola 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Copanlisib, a pan-class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor with predominant activity against the α and δ isoforms, previously demonstrated durable responses as monotherapy and improved progression-free survival (PFS) in combination with rituximab in patients with relapsed indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL). CHRONOS-4 was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to investigate the efficacy and safety of copanlisib in combination with standard immunochemotherapy in patients with relapsed iNHL. Patients (n = 524) were randomized (1:1) to copanlisib (60 mg IV) plus immunochemotherapy (rituximab and bendamustine [R-B] or placebo plus R-B). Copanlisib/placebo were administered with R-B (days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle) for ≤6 cycles and as monotherapy from cycle 7 up to 12 months. The primary study end point was PFS. Median exposure was 8.5 months (0.2-12.9) for copanlisib plus R-B and 11.4 months (0.1-12.6) for placebo plus R-B. Median PFS was 32.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.4-38.6) for copanlisib plus R-B and 33.3 months (95% CI, 27.8-42.8) for placebo plus R-B (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.88-1.44; P = .83). No differences between treatment arms were observed in overall survival (data not yet mature), objective response rate, and duration of response for the overall population or individual histology types. Overall, copanlisib plus R-B was associated with higher rates of serious treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), grade 4 and 5 TEAEs, and treatment discontinuation. A number of serious TEAEs were infections. Overall, copanlisib plus R-B did not provide clinical benefit vs placebo plus R-B and was associated with worse tolerability in patients with relapsed iNHL. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT02626455.
Benralizumab for allergic asthma: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Gauvreau Gail M. , Sehmi Roma , FitzGerald J. Mark , Leigh Richard , Cockcroft Donald W. , Davis Beth E. , Mayers Irvin , Boulet Louis-Philippe , Al-Sajee Dhuha , Salter Brittany M. , Cusack Ruth P. , Ho Terence , Whetstone Christiane E. , Alsaji Nadia , Satia Imran , Killian Kieran J. , Mitchell Patrick D. , Magee Iain P. , Bergeron Celine , Bhutani Mohit , Werkström Viktoria , Durżyński Tomasz , Shoemaker Kathryn , Katial Rohit K. , Jison Maria , Newbold Paul , McCrae Christopher , O'Byrne Paul M. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundBenralizumab induces rapid and near-complete depletion of eosinophils from blood and lung tissue. We investigated whether benralizumab could attenuate the allergen-induced late asthmatic response (LAR) in participants with allergic asthma.MethodsParticipants with allergic asthma who demonstrated increased sputum eosinophils and LAR at screening were randomised to benralizumab 30 mg or matched placebo given every 4 weeks for 8 weeks (3 doses). Allergen challenges were performed at weeks 9 and 12 when blood, sputum, bone marrow and bronchial tissue eosinophils and LAR were assessed.Results46 participants (mean age 30.9 years) were randomised to benralizumab (n=23) or placebo (n=23). Eosinophils were significantly reduced in the benralizumab group compared with placebo in blood at 4 weeks and sputum and bone marrow at 9 weeks after treatment initiation. At 7 h after an allergen challenge at week 9, sputum eosinophilia was significantly attenuated in the benralizumab group compared to placebo (least squares mean difference −5.81%, 95% CI −10.69– −0.94%; p=0.021); however, the LAR was not significantly different (least squares mean difference 2.54%, 95% CI 3.05–8.12%; p=0.363). Adverse events were reported for seven (30.4%) and 14 (60.9%) participants in the benralizumab and placebo groups, respectively.ConclusionBenralizumab administration over 8 weeks resulted in a significant attenuation of blood, bone marrow and sputum eosinophilia in participants with mild allergic asthma; however, there was no change in the LAR, suggesting that eosinophils alone are not a key component of allergen-induced bronchoconstriction.
Transcription factor 7 like 2 promotes metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma via NEDD9-mediated activation of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Tang Linsong , Xu Shengjun , Wei Rongli , Fan Guanghan , Zhou Junbin , Wei Xuyong , Xu Xiao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system, and the exact mechanism of HCC is still unclear. Transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and stemness maintenance. However, the exact mechanism of TCF7L2 in HCC remains unclear.

Methods
Clinical samples and public databases were used to analyze the expression and prognosis of TCF7L2 in HCC. The function of TCF7L2 in HCC was studied in vitro and in vivo. ChIP and luciferase assays were used to explore the molecular mechanism of TCF7L2. The relationship between TCF7L2 and NEDD9 was verified in HCC clinical samples by tissue microarrays.

Results
The expression of TCF7L2 was upregulated in HCC, and high expression of TCF7L2 was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Overexpression of TCF7L2 promoted the metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo, while Knockdown of TCF7L2 showed the opposite effect. Mechanically, TCF7L2 activated neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein 9 (NEDD9) transcription by binding to the -1522/-1509 site of the NEDD9 promoter region, thereby increasing the phosphorylation levels of AKT and mTOR. The combination of TCF7L2 and NEDD9 could distinguish the survival of HCC patients.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that TCF7L2 promotes HCC metastasis by activating AKT/mTOR pathway in a NEDD9-dependent manner, suggesting that potential of TCF7L2 and NEDD9 as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
Deployment Dynamic Modeling and Driving Schemes for a Ring-Truss Deployable Antenna
Authors: He Baiyan , Jia Lijun , Li Kangkang , Nie Rui , Fan Yesen , Wang Guobiao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMesh reflector antennas are widely used in space tasks owing to their light weight, high surface accuracy, and large folding ratio. They are stowed during launch and then fully deployed in orbit to form a mesh reflector that transmits signals. Smooth deployment is essential for duty services; therefore, accurate and efficient dynamic modeling and analysis of the deployment process are essential. One major challenge is depicting time-varying resistance of the cable network and capturing the cable-truss coupling behavior during the deployment process. This paper proposes a general dynamic analysis methodology for cable-truss coupling. Considering the topological diversity and geometric nonlinearity, the cable network’s equilibrium equation is derived, and an explicit expression of the time-varying tension of the boundary cables, which provides the main resistance in truss deployment, is obtained. The deployment dynamic model is established, which considers the coupling effect between the soft cables and deployable truss. The effects of the antenna’s driving modes and parameters on the dynamic deployment performance were investigated. A scaled prototype was manufactured, and the deployment experiment was conducted to verify the accuracy of the proposed modeling method. The proposed methodology is suitable for general cable antennas with arbitrary topologies and parameters, providing theoretical guidance for the dynamic performance evaluation of antenna driving schemes.
Ultrasound-based deep learning radiomics nomogram for differentiating mass mastitis from invasive breast cancer
Authors: Wu Linyong , Li Songhua , Wu Chaojun , Wu Shaofeng , Lin Yan , Wei Dayou 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the potential value of the deep learning radiomics nomogram (DLRN) based on ultrasound to differentiate mass mastitis (MM) and invasive breast cancer (IBC).

Methods
50 cases of MM and 180 cases of IBC with ultrasound Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 4 category were recruited (training cohort, n = 161, validation cohort, n = 69). Based on PyRadiomics and ResNet50 extractors, radiomics and deep learning features were extracted, respectively. Based on supervised machine learning methods such as logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine, as well as unsupervised machine learning methods using K-means clustering analysis, the differences in features between MM and IBC were analyzed to develop DLRN. The performance of DLRN had been evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration, and clinical practicality.

Results
Supervised machine learning results showed that compared with radiomics models, especially random forest models, deep learning models were better at recognizing MM and IBC. The area under the curve (AUC) of the validation cohort was 0.84, the accuracy was 0.83, the sensitivity was 0.73, and the specificity was 0.83. Compared to radiomics or deep learning models, DLRN even further improved discrimination ability (AUC of 0.90 and 0.90, accuracy of 0.83 and 0.88 for training and validation cohorts), which had better clinical benefits and good calibratability. In addition, the information heterogeneity of deep learning features in MM and IBC was validated again through unsupervised machine learning clustering analysis, indicating that MM had a unique features phenotype.

Conclusion
The DLRN developed based on radiomics and deep learning features of ultrasound images has potential clinical value in effectively distinguishing between MM and IBC. DLRN breaks through visual limitations and quantifies more image information related to MM based on computers, further utilizing machine learning to effectively utilize this information for clinical decision-making. As DLRN becomes an autonomous screening system, it will improve the recognition rate of MM in grassroots hospitals and reduce the possibility of incorrect treatment and overtreatment.
Risk factors for nonidiopathic and idiopathic facial nerve palsies: findings of a retrospective study
Authors: Kirchgässner Milena , Böhm-Gonzalez Samuel , von Fraunberg Johannes , Kleiser Benedict , Liebe Stefanie , Kessler Christoph , Sulyok Mihaly , Grimm Alexander , Marquetand Justus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic (IF) and nonidiopathic facial (NIF) nerve palsies are the most common forms of peripheral facial nerve palsies. Various risk factors for IF palsies, such as weather, have been explored, but such associations are sparse for NIF palsies, and it remains unclear whether certain diagnostic procedures, such as contrast agent-enhanced cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), are helpful in the differential diagnosis of NIF vs. IF.

Methods
In this retrospective, monocentric study over a five-year period, the medical reports of 343 patients with peripheral facial nerve palsy were analysed based on aetiology, sociodemographic factors, cardiovascular risk factors, consultation time, diagnostic procedures such as cMRI, and laboratory results. We also investigated whether weather conditions and German Google Trends data were associated with the occurrence of NIF. To assess the importance of doctors’ clinical opinions, the documented anamneses and clinical examination reports were presented and rated in a blinded fashion by five neurology residents to assess the likelihood of NIF.

Results
A total of 254 patients (74%) had IF, and 89 patients (26%) had NIF. The most common aetiology among the NIF patients was the varicella zoster virus (VZV, 45%). Among the factors analysed, efflorescence (odds ratio (OR) 17.3) and rater agreement (OR 5.3) had the highest associations with NIF. The day of consultation (Friday, OR 3.6) and the cMRI findings of contrast enhancement of the facial nerve (OR 2.3) were also risk factors associated with NIF. In contrast, the local weather, Google Trends data, and cardiovascular risk factors were not associated with NIF.

Conclusion
The findings of this retrospective study highlight the importance of patient history and careful inspections to identify skin lesions for the differential diagnosis of acute facial nerve palsy. Special caution is advised for hospital physicians during the tick season, as a surge in NIF cases can lead to a concomitant increase in IF cases, making it challenging to choose adequate diagnostic methods.
Delivery and postnatal care among women in 71 low- and middle-income countries: analyzing coverage gaps using household surveys
Authors: Wilson Emily B. , Niehaus Lori , Jiwani Safia S. , Hazel Elizabeth A. , Maïga Abdoulaye , Amouzou Agbessi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
High levels of maternal morbidity and mortality persist in low- and middle-income countries, despite increases in coverage of facility delivery and skilled assistance at delivery. We compared levels of facility birth to a summary delivery care measure and quantified gaps.

Methods
We approximated a delivery care score from type of delivery (home, lower-level facility, or hospital), skilled attendant at delivery, a stay of 24-or-more-hours after delivery, and a health check within 48-h after delivery. Data were obtained from 333,316 women aged 15–49 who had a live birth in the previous 2 years, and from 71 countries with nationally representative surveys between 2013 and 2020. We computed facility delivery and delivery care coverage estimates to assess the gap. We stratified the analysis by country characteristics, including the national maternal mortality ratio (MMR), to assess the size of coverage gaps, and we assessed missed opportunities through coverage cascades. We looked at the association between MMR and delivery care coverage.

Results
Delivery care coverage varied by country, ranging from 24% in Sudan to 100% in Cuba. Median coverage was 70% with an interquartile range of 30 percentage points (55% and 85%). The cascade showed that while 76% of women delivered in a facility, only 41% received all four interventions. Coverage gaps exist across all MMR levels. Gaps between highest and lowest wealth quintiles were greatest in countries with MMR levels of 100 or higher, and the gap narrowed in countries with MMR levels below 100. The delivery care indicator had a negative association with MMR.

Conclusions
In addition to providing high-quality evidenced-based care to women during birth and the postpartum period, there is also a need to address gaps in delivery care, which occur within and between countries, wealth quintiles, and MMR phases.