bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Šolar, the developmental corpus of Slovene
Authors: Arhar Holdt Špela , Kosem Iztok 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe paper presents the Šolar developmental corpus of Slovene, comprising the written language production of students in Slovene elementary and secondary schools, along with teacher feedback. The corpus consists of 5485 texts (1,635,407 words) and includes linguistically categorized teacher corrections, making the corpus unique in reflecting authentic classroom correction practices. The paper addresses the corpus compilation, content and format, annotation, availability, and its applicative value. While learner corpora are abundant, developmental corpora are less common. The paper bridges the gap by introducing the evolution from Šolar 1.0 to 3.0, emphasizing improvements in text collection, error and correction annotation, and categorization methodology. It also underlines the challenges and unresolved issues of compiling developmental corpora, most notably the lack of openly available tools and standards for different steps of the compilation process. Overall, the Šolar corpus offers valuable insights into language learning and teaching, contributing to teacher training, empirical studies in applied linguistics, and natural language processing tasks.
Behavioural differences and purchasing experiences through online commerce or offline within mall-based retail structures
Authors: Zamfirache Alexandra , Neacșu Nicoleta Andreea , Madar Anca , Bălășescu Simona , Bălășescu Marius , Purcaru Ioana-Mădălina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDue to the economic changes in recent decades, the purchasing behaviour of consumers has significantly shifted. Buyers are no longer just seeking a place to shop but also experiences to live through. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the differences in behaviour and shopping experiences in online versus offline environments, specifically within malls. To achieve this, a quantitative marketing research was conducted, collecting data from a sample of 1030 respondents. The study results indicate that respondents perceive both online and offline commerce to evolve concurrently. These commerce modes will be strongly influenced by various factors, including technological advancements, which are considered to impact both forms of commerce. Among the study’s conclusions, there is the confirmation of behavioural differences between online and mall shopping. The outcomes can be beneficial for improving the activities of retailers by offering new shopping experiences and developing new communication methods with customers.
Elastohydrodynamic Traction and Film Thickness at High Speeds
Authors: MacLaren Alexander , Kadiric Amir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA renewed interest in elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) phenomena at high speeds, for which thermal effects strongly influence both traction and film thickness, has grown out of the challenges presented by high-speed geared transmissions in electric vehicles. This study uses a new ball-on-disc set-up employing the well-known ultra-thin-film interferometry technique to simultaneously measure EHL film thickness and traction at entrainment speeds up to 20 m/s and slide-roll ratios up to 100%. The effect of fluid composition is examined for Group I, II and III mineral oils, for two polyalphaolefins in Group IV, and for the traction fluid Santotrac 50. The effect of viscosity in the range 4–180 mPa.s is investigated by varying bulk fluid temperature. At high speeds, both film thickness and traction are considerably lower than predicted by conventional EHL theory. The contact is seen to be fully-flooded for all conditions tested. The widely-used thermal EHL correction of Gupta is shown to overcorrect for the film thickness reduction even at modest SRRs. Finally, the influence of the sliding direction on traction and film thickness is discussed for this set-up, and a thermal model is proposed to explain the observed behaviour.
Graphical abstract
Effects of short- and long-term prompting in learning journals on strategy use, self-efficacy, and learning outcomes
Authors: Gentner Nadja M. , Respondek Lisa , Seufert Tina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn learning journals, prompts were shown to increase self-regulated learning processes effectively. As studies on effects of long-term prompting are sparse, this study investigates the effects of prompting cognitive and metacognitive self-regulation strategies short-term and long-term in learning journals on learners’ strategy use, self-efficacy, and learning outcome. Therefore, 74 university students kept a weekly learning journal as follow-up course work over a period of eight weeks. All students’ learning journals included prompts for a short-term period, half of the students were prompted long-term. While self-efficacy was assessed via self-reports, strategy use was measured with self-reports and qualitative data from the learning journals. Learning outcomes were assessed via course exams. Short-term prompting increased self-reported cognitive and metacognitive strategy use, and the quantity of cognitive strategy use. Yet, it did not affect self-efficacy, which predicted the learning outcome. Irrespective whether prompting continued or not, self-reported cognitive and metacognitive strategy use, and self-efficacy decreased. Qualitative data indicate that the quantity of learners’ cognitive strategy use kept stable irrespective of the condition. The results indicate that short-term prompting activates cognitive and metacognitive strategy use. Long-term prompting in learning journals had no effect on strategy use, self-efficacy, and performance. Future research should investigate possible enhancers of long-term prompting like feedback, adaptive prompts or additional support.
Dynamic Analysis of the De-Ballasting Operations of a Floating Dock with a Malfunctioning Pump
Authors: Zhang Jianan , Ong Muk Chen , Wen Xueliang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDuring normal de-ballasting operations for floating docks, each ballast pump independently manages a specific group of ballast tanks. However, when a pump malfunctions, a connection valve between the two groups of ballast water systems is opened. This allows the adjacent pump to serve as a helper pump, simultaneously controlling two groups of ballast water systems. This study explores a full-scale floating dock’s dynamic behaviours during the de-ballasting operations under this situation through a numerical model. In the developed numerical model, the dock is described as a six-degree-of-freedom rigid body which is subjected to hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and mooring loads. A hydraulic model of the piping network of the malfunctioning pump and the helper pump is proposed. A modified P-controller regulates opening angles of all tank valves for minimal pitch and roll. Two configurations of the floating dock, i. e., a single floating dock and a floating dock with an onboard vessel, are considered. The numerical results show that the optimal helper pumps can be identified regarding the pumps’ total de-ballasting capacity and the dock’s stability. The most severe scenarios can be determined in term of the dock’s maximum draught differences caused by its roll and pitch. The observed maximum draught differences remain small relative to the dock’s width, indicating the effectiveness of employing helper pumps and the proposed automatic ballast control strategy for one-pump malfunction scenarios.
The role of a digital twin in supporting criminal investigations - a case report about a possible abuse
Authors: Becker Sven , Fritzsch Tim Hanjo , Labudde Dirk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs part of a comprehensive analysis, this case report presents a possible case of child maltreatment that can serve as a basis for forensic and medical examiner investigations. This case concerns the death of an infant who was approximately two months old. During a routine examination by the pediatrician at the end of May 2021, the child was found to have a normal head circumference of 31 cm. No other abnormalities were noted. On June 19, 2021, the child died, and an autopsy revealed a head circumference of 44 cm and a subdural hematoma as the cause of death. Questions arose as to who might have abused the child and when. The only evidence was a low-quality cell phone video taken by the child’s parents on June 13, 2021, six days before the child’s death, in which the child could be seen lying on a pillow. It was necessary to determine whether the child in this video already had an unnatural head circumference. This study presents a novel workflow that demonstrates how to analyze and deal with low quality video to answer questions like the above. The workflow demonstrates the creation of 3D scenes from digital image and video material. These 3D scenes can be used for object measurement and to support forensic and medical investigations. In the present case, where only low quality smartphone images were available, the presented workflow was used to create a 3D scene of the child lying on the pillow. In this 3D scene, it was possible to determine the child’s head circumference. These measurements support the findings of the medical examiner (dated June 24, 2021) and confirm the suspicion that possible child abuse had already taken place on June 13, 2021. The innovative approach makes it possible to identify evidence of possible abuse based on a specific point in time, in this case the child’s private footage. It also demonstrates the potential of 3D scene reconstruction in complex forensic and medical scenarios.
Effects of Screen-Based Leisure Time on 24 Subsequent Health and Wellbeing Outcomes: A Longitudinal Outcome-Wide Analysis
Authors: de la Rosa Pedro A. , Cowden Richard G. , Bulbulia Joseph A. , Sibley Chris G. , VanderWeele Tyler J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous research has shown that screen-based leisure time is related to physical and mental health, relationships, and prosocial behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether screen-based leisure time causally affects wellbeing, as previous studies have relied on cross-sectional data, focused on one type of media use (e.g., social media, video games, or internet), or assessed a narrow set of outcomes.

Method
We used three waves (2016, 2017, 2019) of national longitudinal data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study to investigate the effects of screen-based leisure time on 24 parameters of wellbeing (n = 11,085). We operationalized screen-based leisure as the sum of time spent browsing the internet, using social media, watching/reading the news, watching videos, and playing video games. We followed the outcome-wide analytic design for observational data by performing a series of multivariable regression models estimating the effect of screen-based leisure time on 24 wellbeing outcomes and assessed potential unmeasured confounding using sensitivity analyses.

Results
In our primary analysis with the total sample, total screen-based leisure time was associated with a very modest decrease in body satisfaction and a very modest increase in body mass index. Possible evidence of associations was found with increases in number of hours spent exercising and volunteering each week, as well as decreases in number of average daily hours of sleep, self-control, and subjective health.

Conclusion
Screen-based leisure time has the potential to affect health and wellbeing. Results are discussed in light of the high prevalence of screen-based leisure time.
Implementation of a novel computer assisted telephone follow-up model for older patients after emergency department discharge in an Asian population
Authors: Lee Yen-Chiang , Yu-Chieh Ho Sam , Tan Tian-Hoe , Ho Chung-Han , Tsai Kang-Ting , Yang Pei-Chi , Hsu Chien-Chin , Lin Hung-Jung , Wang Chia-Ti , Huang Chien-Cheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
While the impact of telephone follow-up (TFU) for older emergency department (ED) patients is controversial, its effects on the Asian population remain uncertain. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel computer assisted TFU model specifically for this demographic.

Methods
At a Taiwanese tertiary medical center, we developed a TFU protocol that included a referral and case management system within the ED hospital information system. We provided TFU to older discharged patients between April 1, 2021, and May 31, 2021. We compared this cohort with a non-TFU cohort of older ED patients and analyzed demographic characteristics and post-ED discharge outcomes.

Results
The TFU model was successfully implemented, with 395 patients receiving TFU and 191 without TFU. TFU patients (median age: 76 years, male proportion: 48.9%) differed from non-TFU patients (median age: 74 years, male proportion: 43.5%). Compared with the non-TFU cohort, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the TFU cohort had a lower total medical expenditure < 1 month (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.21 − 0.47 for amounts exceeding 5,000 New Taiwan Dollars), and higher satisfaction (AOR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.46 − 5.36 for scores > 3 on a five-point Likert Scale). However, the TFU cohort also had a higher risk of hospitalization < 1 month (AOR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.31 − 4.77) compared to the non-TFU cohort.

Conclusion
Computer-assisted TFU appears promising. Further research involving a larger number of patients and validation in other hospitals is necessary to bolster the evidence and extend the findings to a broader context.
Intelligent bulk cargo terminal scheduling based on a novel chaotic-optimal thermodynamic evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Liu Shida , Liu Qingsheng , Wang Li , Chen Xianlong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a chaotic optimal thermodynamic evolutionary algorithm (COTEA) designed to address the integrated scheduling problems of berth allocation, ship unloader scheduling, and yard allocation at bulk cargo terminals. Our proposed COTEA introduces a thermal transition crossover method that effectively circumvents local optima in the scheduling solution process. Additionally, the method innovatively combines a good point set with chaotic dynamics within an integrated initialization framework, thereby cultivating a robust and exploratory initial population for the optimization algorithm. To further enhance the selection process, our paper proposes a refined parental selection protocol that employs a quantified hypervolume contribution metric to discern superior candidate solutions. Postevolution, our algorithm employs a Cauchy inverse cumulative distribution-based neighborhood search to effectively explore and enhance the solution spaces, significantly accelerating the convergence speed during the scheduling solution process. The proposed method is adept at achieving multiobjective optimization, simultaneously improving the service level and reducing costs for bulk cargo terminals, which in turn boosts their competitiveness. The effectiveness of our COTEA is demonstrated through extensive numerical simulations.
Smart calibration and monitoring: leveraging artificial intelligence to improve MEMS-based inertial sensor calibration
Authors: Podder Itilekha , Fischl Tamas , Bub Udo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)-based sensors endure complex production processes that inherently include high variance. To meet rigorous client demands (such as sensitivity, offset noise, robustness against vibration, etc.). products must go through comprehensive calibration and testing procedures. All sensors undergo a standardized and sequential calibration process with a predetermined number of steps, even though some may reach the correct calibration value sooner. Moreover, the traditional sequential calibration method faces challenges due to specific operating conditions resulting from manufacturing discrepancies. This not only extends the calibration duration but also introduces rigidity and inefficiency. To tackle the issue of production variances and elongated calibration time and enhance efficiency, we provide a novel quasi-parallelized calibration framework aided by an artificial intelligence (AI) based solution. Our suggested method utilizes a supervised tree-based regression technique and statistical measures to dynamically identify and optimize the appropriate working point for each sensor. The objective is to decrease the total calibration duration while ensuring accuracy. The findings of our investigation show a time reduction of 23.8% for calibration, leading to substantial cost savings in the manufacturing process. In addition, we propose an end-to-end monitoring system to accelerate the incorporation of our framework into production. This not only guarantees the prompt execution of our solution but also enables the identification of process modifications or data irregularities, promoting a more agile and adaptable production process.
Influence of a multilayer interlayer with a stiff core on the performance of laminated glass
Authors: Fleckenstein Elena , Bornemann Steffen , Salam Md Abdul , Weiß Jasmin , Engelmann Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLaminated safety glass is an important component of modern façade structures and is used when higher safety requirements are demanded. The interlayer increases the stiffness due to the available shear action, ensures the residual load-bearing capacity of the structure in the event of failure and holds broken pieces of glass in place. However, the stiffness and tensile strength of conventional interlayers such as EVA or PVB are known to strongly depend on time and temperature. This phenomenon is particularly critical for the behavior of glass panes during impact and after breakage when high tensile stresses occur in the interlayer. A film with higher stiffness, lower time and temperature dependence can be laminated between two layers of interlayer material to improve laminated glass behavior. Given the need to conserve resources and reduce weight, the question arises as to whether such an interlayer could also be used to meet the safety requirements for laminated glass made out of thin glass. In this study, the influence of a multilayer interlayer of EVA and a stiff core film of modified polyester (MPE) in glass laminates was examined. For this purpose, the material and composite behaviors were experimentally studied and evaluated. This article presents the test setup and the results. The focus is on comparing the properties of interlayers with and without MPE films. The results show that the impact strength of thin glass laminates is improved by the multilayer interlayer.
Implementing the finite element numerical approach to optimize thermosolutal convection (TSC) energy imparted by discrete heat and solute sources in generalized Newtonian fluid flow in square enclosure
Authors: Bilal S. , Ali Haider , Khan Noor Zeb , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMesmerizing utilizations of thermosolutal convection (TSC) have been found in metallurgical and petrochemical procedures, crystal growth, thermal exchangers, nuclear waste disposal, and building environment control. In the current study, we considered three heat and solute sources on the left boundary of the cavity, which raises the significance of studying multiple chemical and civil engineering phenomena. Therefore, the prime motivation to commence this work is to attain the optimization of thermosolutal attributes characterized by non-Newtonian (power–law) liquid in the presence of installed sources. For this purpose, the natural convective flow governed by the nonpersistent impact of buoyancy forces is encompassed in the square enclosure. In addition to the source location, the vertical boundaries are considered to be cold, whereas the horizontal boundaries are kept insulated. Owing to the free convective flow, no compositional and thermal gradients are induced by lid movement, and all walls are prescribed with no-slip constraints. To examine the transport mechanism, structuring of problem is attained in the form of dimensional governing expressions by employing conservation laws. Subsequently, constitutive equations in a dimensionless format are accessed through similar variables. The finite element approach is employed to find the solution using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The deviations in the thermal and solutal fields are examined against the involved physical parameters by illustrating graphs and tables. Quantities of interest, such as the mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, are also computed against sundry parameters. The assurance of the computed results is validated by constructing a comparison with published studies. A grid sensitivity test is also executed to ensure the credibility of the built-in software (COMSOL). It is observed that the averaged heat and mass flux coefficient diminishes with an elevation in the magnitude of the power-law index (n), irrespective of the change in other involved parameters. The average Sherwood number tends to increase for a positive magnitude of (N) in contrast to negative values of (N). The average heat flux and average mass flux coefficients increase until the Prandtl number (Pr) reaches a value of 5 in shear thinning case at $$Ra\ge {10}^{5},$$

R
a
≥

10

5

,

whereas, for n > 1 there is no substantial effect on either the average heat flux coefficient or average mass flux coefficient.
Stakeholders’ perspectives on the status of diabetic retinopathy and diabetes health service management systems in Uganda
Authors: Matovu Joseph K. B. , Kakinda Michael , Bubikire Stanley , Kilberg Karen , Mariotti Silvio Paolo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in middle-aged and elderly people globally. Early detection and prompt treatment of DR can facilitate the prevention of diabetes-related visual impairment.

Methods
We used the Tool for Assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetes Management System (TADDS) questionnaire to collect data on the stakeholders’ perspectives on the status of diabetes mellitus (DM) and DR health service management systems in Uganda to inform service improvement and scale-up. Data collection took place in February 2019. Data were collected on the seven TADDS thematic areas (i.e., availability of DR and DM priorities, policies, and programs; service delivery; health workforce; health technology; health information management system; health promotion, and health financing) from 40 key stakeholders drawn from the Ministry of Health, World Health Organization, Lions Clubs International Foundation and 18 health facilities across the country. A national-level validation meeting was conducted in April 2019 to validate the study findings.

Results
While diabetes mellitus is a recognized non-communicable disease in Uganda, the country lacks a guiding program for its management. It does not have a budget for diabetes management and control, and there is limited involvement of stakeholders in diabetes mellitus programming. Similarly, although diabetic retinopathy is a recognized complication of diabetes mellitus, its prevalence is unknown and information about its management is not readily available. The provision of DR and DM services is limited to the regional or tertiary level of care (which limits access to a majority of the population in need), while both DM and DR continue to be managed as parallel rather than integrated disease programs. Shortages in trained health workforce, lack of equipment and supplies, and the high patient costs continue to affect people’s access to DM and DR services in Uganda.

Conclusion
The DM and DR health service management systems are fraught with programmatic implementation challenges while both diseases continue to be managed as parallel rather than integrated disease programs. These findings call for urgent programmatic adjustments in the management of DM and DR services, including DM-DR integration, to improve the provision of ophthalmology services in Uganda.