bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Organizational Ombuds Office and Corporate Social Responsibility: Driving Values in an Organization
Authors: Bonnivier B. M. , Brooke-Lander M. C. , Lewis M. R. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
When employees experience conflicts and concerns in the workplace, and cannot see a way to satisfactorily address them, their lives at work may become increasingly difficult, affecting the quality of their work and productivity. Ultimately, they may see that the only option available to resolve the problem is to leave the company.
In 2012, Baker Hughes executives voluntarily established an organizational ombuds office (OOO) that follows the ethical principles of the International Ombudsman Association: independence, neutrality, informality and confidentiality. The OOO provides a safe place where employees can obtain information, discuss their concerns, and evaluate options. The ombuds1 works with employees through any job-related issue, from a minor annoyance to a serious concern on policy or law. In addition, the ombuds can bring systemic issues to the attention of leadership; this provides an additional means for employee concerns to be safely and confidentially relayed to the highest levels of the organization.
By mid-November 2014, over 1000 employees reached out to the OOO with a range of questions and concerns. These employees represented all levels of the organization, all groups and product lines, ranging from the newly hired to long-tenured employees.
The OOO complements and supports the company's corporate social responsibility objectives in considering the needs and expectations of one of our most important stakeholder groups – our employees. The company's investment in this resource demonstrates to employees that they are part of an organization that attends to their wellbeing. In addition, the existence and use of the OOO assures the company's core values and code of conduct are not merely philosophical, but an integral part of how employees work.
In this paper, we discuss how the OOO was established within Baker Hughes and share our experiences in the preparation and implementation, establishment and operation of the function. We share the range of benefits it brings to our employees, the company and the broader community as a key component of our corporate social responsibility strategy.
Emergency Preparedness for Oil and Gas Exploration and Production
Authors: McNally Paul , Minyard Edward 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Effective emergency preparedness and response benefits from the implementation of the Incident Command System (ICS) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of emergency responses associated with Oil and Gas exploration and production (E&P) and preserve corporate integrity and reputation. Succesful Implementation of the ICS on fires, natural disasters, and acts of terrorism highlight the need to incorporate ICS in all Oil and Gas Incidents such as well blowouts, fires, personnel injuries, pipeline ruptures, spills and uncontrolled releases particularly those associated with the recent onshore shale oil and gas boom, which bring E&P operations close to residential areas. The ICS, developed by the US Forest Services in the 1970s and now used by most first responders, is a standardized emergency management system with proven key concepts that reduce costs, establishes objectives, mitigates environmental and human impacts, reduces recovery time, and preserves corporate image and intergrity. This paper describes the benefits of ICS, and provides recommendations for incorporating ICS into Emergency Response Plans (ERPs), training, practice drills, and actual incidents. It will show how ICS key concepts, such as management by objectives, communications, chain of command, span of control, and unity of command, should be incorporated into ERPs.
Integration of HSE into Project Planning: Maximizing HSE in Facility Design
Authors: Rowbottom Ron , Jones Mark , Cobb JoAnn 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The integration of HSE as a critical component of project planning during facility design and collaboration between architects, contractors, HSE professionals, and operations personnel ensures sustainability, safety and process flow elements are addressed from the conceptual stage.
The paper will outline methodology for the LEAN design process integration of human/environmental factors into facility design to meet operational needs and minimize impacts on Health, Safety and the Environment for the Oklahoma City project.
The LEAN design process will be discussed to illustrate how elements of LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), ASTM International E60 “Specification for Minimum Environmental, Social, and Economic requirements for a Building Promoting Sustainability” and similar standards can be incorporated as cost effective enhancements.
Case Study:
The paper will describe the design of a new facility in Oklahoma City, USA to demonstrate the planning process through LEAN teams to map process flows, and
Design new approaches to manufacturing and work process including “hands free” handling Minimize environmental footprint in regards to chemical usage Enhance energy efficiency using LED and natural lighting Manage electrical high peak demand associated with specific operations Maximize water reuse and recycling, Ensure proper traffic and logistics flow
The case study will demonstrate how the integration of Environmental, Health and Safety into the project planning from inception optimizes facility operations, the application process for permits, waste management, water management, energy resource reduction, employee health and safety and overall sustainability.
The holistic design process is more than just putting buildings on a piece of land or choosing a pre-built facility. By utilizing a collaborative team approach that is engaged in planning, with emphasis on HSE, the total project planning utilizing LEAN principles avoids significant HSE risks and rework or retrofits on completed projects.
An Integrated Approach to Noise Management in an Oil and Gas Processing Facility Offshore Trinidad
Authors: Dukharan Premraj 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Noise exposure is an important element of a safe and healthy environment on an offshore platform. The effect of noise is well documented and the operator of the field placed great emphasis on the management of noise to the benefit of the workforce.
Noise management is best handled at the design phase of any offshore platform construction project. However it is not always possible or feasible to apply designs such that the cumulative noise levels with all the contained processing equipment on the platform, is below the acceptable, normalized noise exposure level.
This paper describes the processes and systems used to manage noise exposure on the facility. This process had three discrete steps. Firstly an exercise was undertaken to map the facility and identify areas of high noise levels while in operation. The workforce was then divided into similar exposure groups (SEGs) and a quantitative noise assessment was done with each individual making up the various SEGs. This data were then normalized to determine any normalized exposure above the threshold of 85dBA. After identifying and assessing the noise levels, the next step involved exposure control. Control was implemented using a hierarchical system – elimination followed by engineering controls and supplemented with administrative controls to meet the company's public health targets. The paper describes one engineering control in which an acoustic wrap was installed on a control valve and the resulting impact it had on the noise levels on the facility. The next step was in evaluating the effectiveness of the controls implemented. This involved taking routine audiometric tests on individuals of the various SEGs and comparing this with their established baseline. It describes how deviation from the baseline was handled, and the important role the company's doctor played in the entire process.
Although noise levels as high as 105dBA exist on the platform, the noise management and controls implemented were effective as there have been no cases of noise induced hearing loss on the facility to date.
Environmentally Friendly Drilling Systems Scorecard
Authors: Wilcox A. , Haut R. , Williams T. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
With increasing O&G exploration and production activities taking place, there are various concerns about how environmental issues are being addressed. Industry is making great strides in the protection of the environment, however challenges still exist. Matters involving air, water, site, waste management, biodiversity, and community disturbances potentially alarm citizens who may not understand that numerous environmentally friendlier technologies and practices are currently being developed and used to address such areas. Several operators go beyond what is required, taking steps to lessen impacts.
The Environmentally Friendly Drilling (EFD) Program provides unbiased science to identify and demonstrate technologies and practices designed to address environmental and societal issues. The EFD Scorecard was created as a voluntary, consensus-based tool that measures how industry addresses these issues. It has been tested on various sites in different ecosystems across North America. These review processes helped identify additional attributes to consider, ensuring all relevant information is being examined.
The Scorecard methodology is designed to document how issues affecting stakeholders are being addressed. The intended result is to provide an adaptive ecosystem services management tool to assist operating companies in planning and implementing good practices. It can be used to objectively assess operators’ environmental performance. Industry can gain powerful insight in relaying their efforts at addressing environmental issues throughout E&P operations. As oil and gas activity continues to grow, a tool to measure and share the performance and commitment of operators can help allay unease about transparency. Benchmarking best management practices in action and making such data available can also provide the necessary improvement in communication with all stakeholders.
This paper will describe a tool for operators to help improve communication with all stakeholders and assist in ongoing relationships with regulators. Whereas the O&G industry has fallen short on remaining in touch with the communities surrounding operations, the EFD Scorecard will provide the unbiased data in understandable and approachable terminology that has been vetted by industry, environmental groups, academia and NGO's. Communicating the measures taken by industry in terms relevant to all stakeholders is crucial to earning not only a license to operate, but also, an invitation to operate.
Balanced Materiality: A Practical Approach to Determining Sustainability Priorities
Authors: Krembs M. , Cort T. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Materiality is a fundamental principle in sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR) to determine those issues that are significant enough to companies, investors and other stakeholders to warrant investment, management and disclosure. Exploration and Production (E&P) companies are at various stages of development in the application of materiality tools to support non-financial reporting. This paper describes background on this developing area of practice and a practical approach to materiality taken by one company in the E&P sector. Specifically, we provide first-hand knowledge and guidance for developing a materiality process that adheres to company risk assessment principles, investor and community expectations, and company values and commitments. The approach also integrates mechanisms to incorporate external expert feedback and criteria from leading standards for disclosure such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4 Guidelines and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) E&P sustainability accounting standard.
Pili Bigemini and Terminal Hair Growth Induced by Low-Fluence Alexandrite Laser Hair Removal
Authors: Bukhari Iqbal A. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Different types of lasers are used in the removal of undesirable hair by targeting the hair follicles, with the melanin pigment acting as the chromophore, and through the mechanism of selective photothermolysis. Objectives: This report documents an unusual increase in terminal hair growth after alexandrite laser hair removal in three female patients. Conclusion: Excessive hair growth after alexandrite laser hair removal must be listed as one of the complications resulting from the use of a laser with a fluence that is too low and can possibly be prevented if we use higher energy to fully destroy the hair follicles, with consideration given to the skin type and an effective cooling system.
Treatment of Nail Bed Defects with Hard Palate Mucosal Grafts
Authors: Fernández-Mejía Silvia , Domínguez-Cherit Judith , Pichardo-Velázquez Patricia , González-Olvera Sergio 
Published: March 2015

Background: Nail bed defects produce a nail plate dystrophy that is permanent and presents important cosmetic problems. To correct the defect, we used a hard palate mucosal graft. This is a procedure with encouraging outcomes for nail bed scars. Objective: To show our initial experience with the hard palate mucosal graft technique for correcting nail dystrophy or permanent onycholysis secondary to a nail bed scar. Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, descriptive, observational study. We included five patients with a traumatic nail bed scar and one patient with congenital dystrophy. Seven nails were treated using a hard palate mucosal graft. Results: All repaired nails had a good outcome, with excellent growth and improvement in nail dystrophy. The patients had surgical recovery in 2 weeks and tolerable pain. Conclusions: This is a relatively easy procedure for experienced surgeons to correct nail dystrophy secondary to a nail bed scar, with good to excellent results.
Modified Dermoscopic Algorithm for the Differentiation between Melanocytic and Nonmelanocytic Skin Tumors
Authors: Blum Andreas , Clemens Jennifer , Argenziano Giuseppe 
Published: March 2015

Background: The use of dermoscopy (dermatoscopy, epiluminescence microscopy, surface microscopy) improves the clinical diagnostic accuracy of skin tumors by applying different algorithms or scores. The first step in the dermoscopic evaluation is the differentiation between melanocytic and nonmelanocytic skin tumors. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the established dermoscopic algorithm (EDA) and the modified dermoscopic algorithm (MDA) for melanocytic versus nonmelanocytic skin tumors. Methods: Two hundred forty-nine patients with melanocytic and nonmelanocytic skin lesions were included. Dermoscopic images of the tumors were taken with 10-fold magnification, followed by surgery and histopathology at the departments of Dermatology at the universities of Tuebingen, in Germany, and Naples, in Italy. Each lesion was classified using the EDA and MDA. In the MDA, accessory nipples and dermatofibromas were considered in particular. Results: With the EDA, 225 of 249 (90.4%) skin tumors were correctly classified in one of the six groups. With the MDA, 237 of 249 (95.2%) were correctly classified. Improvement was achieved in 12 (4.8%) better classified skin tumors. In both algorithms, no melanoma was classified as a nonmalignant melanocytic tumor. All melanomas were classified in the group of melanocytic tumors and one melanoma was classified in the group of basal cell carcinomas. Conclusion: Both dermoscopic algorithms for the differentiation between melanocytic and nonmelanocytic skin tumors were simple and effective when applied step by step. The MDA is an improvement on the EDA with the classification of accessory nipples and dermatofibromas.
Dermatitis Artefacta
Authors: Kwon Eun Ji , Dans Michael , Koblenzer Caroline S. , Elenitsas Rosalie , James William D. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Dermatitis artefacta (DA) is difficult to diagnose by clinical findings alone. Histopathologic analysis may rule out organic disorders and in some cases establish, in conjunction with microanalytic techniques, a definite diagnosis. Objective: We report a young woman with DA in the form of recurrent abscesses whose diagnosis was aided by the identification of subcutaneous foreign material through histologic and microanalytic methods. Methods: Histologic examination showed foreign body giant cell reaction with polarizable material, which was identified as cellulose by energy dispersive x-ray analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Results: Self-injection of exogenous matter was suspected. Referral to an expert in psychodermatology resulted in the diagnosis of multiple psychiatric comorbidities commonly associated with DA. Initiation of antidepressants resulted in marked improvement in her skin disease, as well as her mood and affect. Conclusion: We emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between dermatologists, dermatopathologists, and mental health professionals in the management of DA.
Classification and Prevalence of Pigmented Lesions in Patients with Total-Body Photographs at High Risk of Developing Melanoma
Authors: Menon Kavita , Dusza Stephen W. , Marghoob Ashfaq A. , Halpern Allan C. , Nehal Kishwer S. 
Published: March 2015

Background: The classification of many pigmented lesions is not well defined, and an association with melanoma has not been established. Objective: To better define the spectrum of pigmented lesions (excluding common and dysplastic nevi) and explore links to melanoma. Methods: Retrospective review of patients with total-body digital photographs at high risk of developing melanoma from the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Dermatology Service. Results: Among 598 patients, 7.7% had café au lait spots, 2.8% had nevi spilus, 2.3% had congenital nevus–like nevi, 2% had “other” lesions, 1.2% had segmental speckled lentiginous nevi, and 1% had agminated nevi. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence rates of these pigmented lesions in patients with or without a history of melanoma or > 100 nevi. Conclusions: A wide range of pigmented lesions require further classification and study to explore possible links to melanoma.
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Limited to the Site of a Laceration
Authors: Timani Shereen , Mutasim Diya F. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Cutaneous lupus erythematosus is known to occur at sites of trauma or inflammation of the skin, including sites of tattoo, frostbite, herpes zoster scar, burn scar, and implantation by windshield glass. Objective: We report a 32-year-old white man who developed cutaneous lupus erythematosus at the site of a laceration. The diagnosis was confirmed by histologic and immunofluorescence examination. The patient responded to intralesional corticosteroid and hydroxychloroquine therapy. Conclusion: Lupus erythematosus may be induced by trauma.
Prognostic Significance of Vascularity in Cutaneous Melanoma: Pilot Study Using in Vivo Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy
Authors: Humphrey Shannon , Walsh Noreen M. , Delaney Laura , Propperova Iva , Langley Richard G. B. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Tumor vascularity may be of strong prognostic significance in cutaneous melanoma. We are the first to use a novel, noninvasive, in vivo confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) to evaluate vascularity in cutaneous melanoma. Objective: Our purpose was to apply a CSLM to assess vascularity in melanoma and to evaluate the prognostic significance of these findings. Methods: Patients with a suspicious pigmented lesion were prospectively recruited to undergo CSLM prior to skin biopsy, and those diagnosed with melanoma were included in this study. A blinded observer graded tumor vascularity from still digital CSLM images. The CSLM vascularity grading was correlated to tumor thickness and ulceration as a proxy for clinical prognosis. Results: Sixty-six patients and 67 lesions underwent imaging with CSLM. Eleven patients were diagnosed with melanoma, including six in situ and five invasive melanomas. Prominent vascularity was observed in all advanced melanomas. There was an overall increase in mean tumor thickness between the absent (x = 0.315 mm) to prominent (x = 1.51 mm) categories. Conclusion: In this pilot study, vascularity was readily detected in cutaneous melanomas using CSLM. Prominent vascularity was observed in patients with advanced cutaneous melanomas. Our preliminary results are encouraging and indicate potential for the use of CSLM to assess vascularity in cutaneous melanoma, with potential prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Randomized Controlled Study of Electrochemotherapy in the Local Treatment of Skin Metastases of Melanoma
Authors: Gaudy Cardine , Richard Marie-Aleth , Folchetti Gilles , Bonerandi Jean Jacques , Grob Jean-Jacques 
Published: March 2015

Background: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) combines intralesional injections of bleomycin with electroporation (EP), which permeabilizes tumor cells and thus increases the bleomycin efficacy at the tumor site. Objective: To assess whether EP therapy improves the local control of skin metastases of melanoma by intralesional bleomycin. The secondary objective was to evaluate tolerance of the treatments. Patients: Patients with at least two measurable skin metastases of melanoma that were previously untreated, either in stage III with in-transit melanoma skin metastases or stage IV with no efficacy of systemic chemotherapy on these metastases. Design: A prospective internally controlled study with randomization of melanoma skin metastases in each individual to intralesional injections of bleomycin alone or to intralesional injections of bleomycin with EP. The primary end point was the rate of complete local response per treated melanoma skin metastasis at week 12, and the secondary end point was tolerance. Results: Fifty-four melanoma skin metastases were treated in 12 patients (8 stage IV patients under chemotherapy and 4 stage III patients free of other treatment). A local complete response was obtained in 36% (11 of 30) of melanoma skin metastases treated with bleomycin + EP and only in 8% (2 of 24) of melanoma skin metastases treated with bleomycin alone ( p = .016). In the per protocol population, complete response was obtained in 74% (17 of 23) and 13% (2 of 15) of the lesions treated, respectively ( p = .017). All patients (12 of 12) reported discomfort during the EP procedure, including local pain for 9 patients (75%) at the treatment site and muscle spasm with myoclonia in 3 cases (25%). No clinical or biologic systemic toxicity was noticed. Conclusions: EP increases the effect of intralesional bleomycin and improves the rate of local control in melanoma skin metastases without inducing a more systemic effect. This local treatment could be useful in a palliative strategy in patients with melanoma skin metastases.
Perianal Paget's Disease
Authors: Zibly Zion , Haik Josefh , Khaikin Marat , Barshack Iris , Zmora Oded 
Published: March 2015

Background: Perianal Pa get's disease is an uncommon intraepithelial neoplasm that involves areas affluent with apocrine glands, most frequently in the female external genitalia, but may also affect the perianal region. Objective: We present the pathologic and clinical management of a case of Paget's disease involving the perianal region, in which diagnosis was delayed for 8 years. Conclusions: The importance of a high index of suspicion for early diagnosis is emphasized, which should be followed by aggressive surgical treatment with wide excision and local reconstruction.