bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of catalytic combustion processes of air admixtures / Aspekty kinetyczne procesow katalitycznego spalania domieszek powietrza
Authors: Straszko Jerzy , Parus Wiesław , Paterkowski Wojciech 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
A catalytic combustion of organic admixtures of air belongs to the basic technologies of gas purification. A macrokinetics of admixtures combustion over the porous catalysts was described. The theoretical approach is in agreement with standard description of macrokinetics of the catalytic processes. The relationship between the fundamental magnitudes: observed process rate r*, reaction rate r in the kinetic zone, and a coefficient of the surface utilization η in the form r*= r · η have been described. These magnitudes combines the Thiele module φ. A kinetics equation for the isothermal and non-isothermal conditions was provided. The influence of mass and heat transfer in the catalyst grain on the course of the process was described by means of the surface utilization coefficient η. An equation describing this coefficient for both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions was given. The second part of this work concerns the application of theory. When the composition of purified gas is continuously varied, a quantitative approach is rather impossible. The theory was used for the qualitative analysis of process on the basis of the experimental results. A fulfillment of the first-order kinetics means that the degree of admixtures conversion does not depend on their initial concentrations. A non-isothermicity of the catalyst grain is expressed in such a way that the process rate observed over the large porous grains of the catalyst can be higher than the reaction rate in the kinetic zone. A temperature deference between the catalyst grains and flowing gas causes that the reactor can be stably operated at varied concentrations of admixtures and temperature over a relatively wide range. It was also demonstrated that the flammable admixtures may advantageously influence the conversion of hardly combustible admixtures
Alkaline solubilisation of waste activated sludge (WAS) for soluble organic substrate – (SCOD) production / Tworzenie się rozpuszczalnego substratu organicznego podczas zasadowego rozpuszczania osadów ściekowych
Authors: Suschka Jan , Kowalski Eligiusz , Mazierski Jerzy , Grübel Klaudiusz 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Improving the effects of hydrolysis on waste activated sludge (WAS) prior to anaerobic digestion is of primary importance. Several technologies have been developed and partially implemented in practice. In this paper, perhaps the simplest of these methods, alkaline solubilization, has been investigated and the results of hydrolysis are presented. An increase to only pH 8 can distinctively increase the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), and produce an anaerobic condition effect favorable to volatile fatty acids (VFA) production. Further increases of pH, up to pH 10, leads to further improvements in hydrolysis effects. It is suggested that an increase to pH 9 is sufficient and feasible for technical operations, given the use of moderate anti-corrosive construction material. This recommendation is also made having taken in consideration the option of using hydrodynamic disintegration after the initial WAS hydrolysis process. This paper presents the effects of following alkaline solubilization with hydrodynamic disintegration on SCOD
Expression and Regulation of Haptoglobin in Tissues and in Differentiated Bovine Adipocytes
Authors: Soliman Mohamed Mohamed , Ismail Tamer Ahmed , Mansour Ahmed Abdel-Khalik 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a protein secreted mainly from the liver to bind hemoglobin and thus prevents iron loss and oxidative stress. Bovine Hp in blood increases during diseases such as mastitis and fatty liver syndrome. This study was conducted to examine the expression and regulation of Hp in differentiated mature bovine adipocytes. Hp expression was confirmed in various tissues and in mature adipocytes but not in the stromal vascular cell fraction using qualitative RT -PCR and quantitative northern blot analysis, respectively. Intravenous injection of Holstein cows with recombinant bovine tumor necrosis factor-α (rbTNF-α) and interferon gamma (rbIFN-γ) significantly increased the serum concentrations of Hp. When mature differentiated bovine adipocytes were incubated with short chain fatty acids, cytokines and hormones, Hp expression was altered. Acetate, butyrate and propionate at a dose of 1 mM significantly up-regulated Hp mRNA abundance. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and TNF-α also significantly up-regulated Hp mRNA abundance, while troglitazone and norepinephrine down-regulated it. Our study confirmed expression of Hp in differentiated mature adipocytes and identified LPS, TNF-α, short chain fatty acids, as regulators of Hp mRNA expression in these cells.
Reproductive System Condition in Dairy Cows with Left-Sided Displacement of the Abomasums
Authors: Brodzki Piotr , Brodzki Adam , Kurek Łukasz , Marczuk Jan , Tatara Marcin R. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate selected parameters representing reproductive system conditions in cows suffering from left-sided displacement of the abomasum (LDA). Eighty Holstein- Friesian cows were divided into control (n=40) and LDA (n=40) groups. Haematological and biochemical evaluations were performed in the control group and in cows with LDA before and after surgical treatment. Cytological and ultrasound examinations of the uterus were performed at 21 (baseline), 35 and 63 days after parturition. In the LDA group, significantly decreased concentrations of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, copper, potassium, glucose and total cholesterol were stated, while aspartate aminotransferase activity, white blood cell count, erythrocyte count, haematocrit, haemoglobin content and concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate, free fatty acids and bilirubin were increased (all P<0.05). Percentage of neutrophils in the uterus and the uterus diameter were increased in the LDA group at the baseline and at 35 days after parturition (P<0.001). The neutrophil percentage was also increased at 63 days after parturition in the LDA group (P<0.001). Number of days to first oestrus, number of services per conception and calving-to-conception interval were higher in the LDA group (P<0.001). This study has shown reproductive system changes and impaired fertility in dairy cows as the consequence of LDA occurrence. Thus, LDA treatment in cows should be combined with diagnostic evaluation of the uterus and reproductive system to improve reproductive performance. As indicated in the cytological examination, a subclinical inflammatory process may last even 60 days after parturition, leading to substantial impairment of reproductive function in dairy cows.
Correlation Between Serum Acute Phase Proteins, Lung Pathology, and Disease Severity in Pigs Experimentally Co-Infected with H3N2 Swine Influenza Virus and Bordetella Bronchiseptica
Authors: Pomorska-Mól Małgorzata , Markowska-Daniel Iwona , Kwit Krzysztof , Urbaniak Kinga , Pejsak Zygmunt 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The kinetics of C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), and pig major acute protein (Pig-MAP) response in pigs co-infected with H3N2 swine influenza virus (SwH3N2) and Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bbr) was studied, with assessment of potential correlations between the concentration of acute phase proteins (APPs) in serum samples, lung lesions, and the clinical course of the disease in co-infected pigs. The standard bacteriological methods for detection of Bbr and PCR technique for identification of Bbr and SwH3N2 were used. The serum concentrations of APPs were measured using ELISA. The concentration of CRP, SAA, and Pig-MAP was significantly higher from 2 to 4 or 5 dpi. The concentration of Hp was elevated until the end of the study. Significant correlations were found between the serum concentration of SAA and Pig-MAP and clinical score, and between the concentration of SAA and lung score. Apart from their potential as biological markers for co-infections, SAA and Pig-MAP levels have additive value since they are related to the severity of infection. The results indicate that measurement of APP (i.e SAA) may prove valuable in assessing the severity of respiratory infection in pigs, and may be of supportive value in the clinical evaluation of animals and in the selection of more appropriate treatment.
Results of Serological and Molecular Analysis of African and Classical Swine Fever in the Population of Wild Boars in Ukraine
Authors: Nevolko Oleg Mychailovich , Sytiuk Mykola Petrovich , Nychyk Serhiy Anatolievich , Hudz Nataliia Viktorivna 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The results of the study of lymphoid organs and sera of wild boars for the presence of DNA of African swine fever (ASF) virus and RNA of classical swine fever (CSF) virus are presented, as well as the results of a serological examination for the presence of ASF and CSF virus antibodies. The study was conducted in Ukraine between 2008 and 2013. Biological samples were obtained from wild boars shot during the hunting season, and were examined by real-time PCR and ELISA. In total, 5759 sera were tested for CSF virus antibodies and 4856 for ASF virus antibodies by ELISA. Samples of lymphoid organs totalling 1129 were examined by PCR for the detection of CSF virus RNA and 8102 such samples were examined for the detection of ASF virus DNA. CSF virus antibodies were detected in 6.56% of wild boar sera. RNA of CSF virus was also identified in 1 out of 1129 samples tested. ASF virus antibodies or DNA in lymphoid organ samples were not detected.
Effectiveness of Dry Cow Therapy Comprising Antibiotic Treatment, Internal Teat Sealant, and α-Tocopherol Against New Intramammary Infections in Cows
Authors: Cengiz Mehmet , Bastan Ayhan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of dry cow therapy based on antibiotic, internal teat sealant, and α-tocopherol administered separately or in various combinations at drying-off The study was performed on 322 uninfected quarters of 95 cows originating from three dairy herds. The new intramammary infection rates after calving were measured to evaluate the effectiveness. The quarters were divided into six groups differing in treatment, namely: control group (group C, n = 40) and five treatment groups. Treatment groups were arranged as follows: group A (antibiotic alone, n = 81), group AS (antibiotic + sealant, n = 40), group AST (antibiotic + sealant + α-tocopherol, n = 40), group T (α-tocopherol alone, n = 40), group S (sealant alone, n = 81). New infection rate amounted to 47.5% in group C. The treatment in group AST significantly prevented from the occurrence of new intramammary infections (12.5%, P < 0.05), especially those caused by major pathogens. Antibiotic treatment alone (group A) did not prevent from new infections (34.6%, P > 0.05), although the use of the sealant alone (group S) decreased the risk of new infection (24.7%, P < 0.05). A decrease in new infection rate (25%, P < 0.05) was also observed in AS group treated with the combination of the sealant and antibiotic. α -tocopherol supplementation alone (group T) had no overall effect on new infections (35%, P > 0.05). Increased α-tocopherol level (P < 0.05) was detected after calving in the quarters from cows that received α-tocopherol injections. In conclusion, the combination of antibiotic, internal teat sealant, and α-tocopherol used in dry cow therapy showed a significantly better preventive effect against new intramammary infections, than the therapeutics administered separately.
Oxidative Stability of Ostrich Meat Related to Duration of Linseed and Lucerne Supplementation to the Bird's Diet
Authors: Jóźwik Artur , Poławska Ewa , Zdanowska-Sąsiadek Żaneta , Lipińska Paulina , Kawka Magdalena , Guzek Dominika , Strzałkowska Nina 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The effect of dietary linseed and lucerne supplementation on the oxidative stability of ostrich meat expressed by changes in concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), and in activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), was studied. The feeding regimens were as follows: C – control group, L – 4% supplement of linseed, L-L45, L-L55, L-L65, and L-L75 – 4% supplement of linseed and supplement of lucerne added to the birds’ diet at 45, 55, 65, and 75 kg b.w. The highest level of GSH was recorded in L-L65 group, whereas the highest activity of SOD was observed in C, L-L65 and L-L75 groups. Among all groups, the long-term linseed and lucerne supplementation reduced the antioxidant potential of ostrich meat, especially in L-L45 and L-L55 groups, which was reflected in the highest level of MDA and the lowest activity of SOD. Thus, the optimal results after linseed and lucerne supplementation with regard to ostrich meat oxidative stability were reported in groups L-L65 and L-L75, approximately three to four months prior to slaughter.
Expression of Selected Markers in Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of Canine and Human Testicular Tumours
Authors: Ciaputa Rafał , Nowak Marcin , Madej Janusz A. , Janus Izabela , Górzyńska Elżbieta , Kandefer-Gola Małgorzata 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Immunohistochemical profiles of the most common canine testicular tumours, including the Leydig cell tumours, seminomas, and Sertoli cell tumours were analysed, and the results were compared with those obtained in the corresponding types of human testicular neoplasms. The expressions of vimentin, von Willebrand factor (FVIII), chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and MCM3 were quantified. In the case of Sertoli cell tumours, only canine ones were analysed, since this type of tumour is very rarely diagnosed in men. The expression of the analysed proteins in the testicular tumours was similar. The von Willebrand factor exhibited the strongest expression in Leydig cell tumours in dogs and men, while vimentin was expressed more strongly in dogs (96.7% had an intensity at +++) than in men (62.5% had +++) in the Leydigioma. The immunoexpression of MCM3 in seminomas was high in both men and dogs – 90% +++ and 100% +++ respectively. The lack of chromogranin A and synaptophysin was observed in almost 100% of seminomas in men and dogs. This differed from the results obtained for Leydigioma, where chromogranin A was expressed in 70% of dogs at +++ and in 100% of men at ++++. The results may indicate that the antibodies were selected correctly. Their analysis and interpretation provides valuable information concerning the nature of the studied tumours.
Pathomorphological Changes of the Myocardium in Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)
Authors: Janus Izabela , Nowak Marcin , Madej Janusz A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The study was conducted on ventricular and atrial wall preparations from 11 dogs with clinically diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy. After fixation, the specimens were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Masson-Goldner trichrome technique. Parenchymal changes (fibrosis and fatty infiltration), vascular changes (congestion and coronary vessel wall hypertrophy), degenerative changes (loss of striation, changes in cardiomycyte and nuclei structure), and presence of inflammatory infiltrates (mononuclear and polynuclear) were estimated. Complex histological changes in both ventricular and atrial muscles were shown. It was not determined whether the processes occurring in the myocardium have a primary character, or are a consequence of developing heart failure. Such issues will be put under further and more detailed examination.
Determination of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity without dilution of biological samples
Authors: Pohanka Miroslav 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTwo cholinesterases: acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), are known. The enzymes are important in the body and alteration of their activity has significant use in the diagnosis of poisoning, liver function, etc. Currently available methods for the determination of cholinesterases have some major drawbacks including various interferences and the inability to be used for decreasing the enzyme activity in the presence of reversible inhibitors due to sample dilution; hence, a method for dilution free assay of cholinesterases is desired. Here, microplates were modified with indoxylacetate (100 μL of 10 mmol L
Hydrovisbreaking of vacuum residue from Russian Export Blend: influence of brown coal, light cycle oil, or naphtha addition
Authors: Hidalgo-Herrador José Miguel , Vráblík Aleš , Jíša Petr , Černý Radek , Hamerníková Jana 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDemand for high-value petroleum products is increasing and crude oils and their distillation products are becoming heavier. The thermal cracking of a vacuum residue (VR) from REB (Russian Export Blend) crude oil was carried out in an autoclave. LCO (light cycle oil), naphtha, and brown coal (BC) were added with the aim of studying their effect on the final products composition. The elemental analysis (%C, %N, %H, %S) was performed and dynamic viscosity, density, GC of gases (“Refinery Gas Analysis”), solubility in hexane and toluene, and simulated distillation were examined in raw materials, gaseous, and liquid products. As anticipated, due to its high aromatics content, the addition of LCO proved the best option, obtaining the highest yield of lighter liquids. The naphtha addition resulted in a slight increment of heavier products in the gaseous phase and higher yields to solids. The literature does not contain any extensive studies of the addition of BC to VR in the hydrovisbreaking process. The addition of BC resulted in an increment in the yield of the gaseous product and assumed the highest relative total consumption of hydrogen during the reaction.
Generating data as a proxy for unavailable corpus data: the contextualized sentence completion task
Authors: Ford Marilyn , Bresnan Joan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThere is much interest in using large corpora to explore predictors of the probability of higher level linguistic structures, but suitable corpora are not available for all languages and their varieties. We explore a task that uses discourse contexts from an existing corpus as prompts for sentence completion to investigate the usefulness of the method for generating data as a proxy for unavailable corpus data. Mini databases of dative and genitive structures were obtained with the method using American and Australian participants. It is shown that the databases are indeed a good proxy for corpus data.
A Model for Information Support for Knowledge Workers
Authors: Patalas-Maliszewska Justyna 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This article aims to elaborate on a model of information support for knowledge workers in Polish enterprises. Earlier research has explored the use of Web 2.0 technology for information sharing. Nevertheless, relatively little information has been published that focuses on the impact of information sharing among knowledge workers within a company and its subsequent influence on a firm’s effectiveness as identified via the number of new products created, number of completed research topics, or number of new patents. The author aims to analyze the effectiveness of information sharing in Polish enterprises based on the research results gained from the study described in this paper. In particular, this study pays attention to the likely consequences and results of information sharing by the use of employee web logs. This is followed by a discussion of the results of the empirical studies and of the supporting literature. The summary indicates potential directions for further work.
Life Cycle Assessment in Management of Socially Responsible Enterprise
Authors: Tkaczyk Stanisław , Kuzincow Joanna , Ganczewski Grzegorz 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The following paper presents dangerous and evident phenomenon of communicational chaos in the field of environment protection and sustainable development in a turbulent external environment. It is pointed that this phenomenon gives organizations an opportunity to take pretended pro-environmental actions, such as socially critical greenwashing. As a counterbalance to those practices, a concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is presented, underlining the possibility of developing honest environmental marketing basing on methods such as Life Cycle Assessment.
Truly Accountable Marketing: The Right Metrics for the Right Results
Authors: Pauwels Koen 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Marketing accountability is essential for sustained organic growth, but the challenges to it loom large. The major steps in truly accountable marketing include defining the right results, using the right metrics and finally acting upon the collected insights. To identify the right metrics one has to start with defining the right results: What is the informed decision that needs to be made? But getting data-based answers to key questions is only half the battle. Actually acting upon it is the other half, and often companies are reluctant to change. To create momentum, marketing and finance need to pull together, and the selected metrics need to be useful to both mind-sets. Other proven ways to overcome resistance to data-based recommendations include moving to the proposed optimal allocation gradually and demonstrating the real-word gains through field experiments. When companies succeed in establishing truly accountable marketing, they improve and simplify recurring and quantifiable decisions, which leaves them more time to scan the environment for new opportunities and allows them to take smarter risks.
Comparison of a Multiple Regression Model and a two-Regime Model of a Vertical Refraction/ Porovnanie Viacnásobného Regresného Modelu A Dvojrežimového Modelu Vertikálnej Refrakcie
Authors: Sokol Štefan , Lipták Mroslav , Bajtala Marek 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Accuracy of the trigonometric measurement of elevations is affected by the systematic influence of a vertical refraction, which is caused by changes of meteorological parameters. Submitted paper deals with a modelling of the impact of the vertical refraction using selected meteorological parameters. At first, a concise derivation of a physical principle of the vertical refraction is given. Then, a multiple regression model and its extension into a form of two-regime model are given. Division into two regimes provides a threshold function, which expresses the dependence of the original explanatory variables. Different types of the threshold function are considered and finally a comparison of the quality of the proposed models and application of a chosen model on the results of repeated trigonometric measurements is given.
Finite Element Creep Damage Analyses and Life Prediction of P91 Pipe Containing Local Wall Thinning Defect
Authors: Xue Jilin , Zhou Changyu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCreep continuum damage finite element (FE) analyses were performed for P91 steel pipe containing local wall thinning (LWT) defect subjected to monotonic internal pressure, monotonic bending moment and combined internal pressure and bending moment by orthogonal experimental design method. The creep damage lives of pipe containing LWT defect under different load conditions were obtained. Then, the creep damage life formulas were regressed based on the creep damage life results from FE method. At the same time a skeletal point rupture stress was found and used for life prediction which was compared with creep damage lives obtained by continuum damage analyses. From the results, the failure lives of pipe containing LWT defect can be obtained accurately by using skeletal point rupture stress method. Finally, the influence of LWT defect geometry was analysed, which indicated that relative defect depth was the most significant factor for creep damage lives of pipe containing LWT defect.