bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical challenges in the management of isolated GH deficiency type IA in adulthood
Authors: Casteràs Anna , Kratzsch Jürgen , Ferrández Ángel , Zafón Carles , Carrascosa Antonio , Mesa Jordi 
Published: February 2014

Summary
Isolated GH deficiency type IA (IGHDIA) is an infrequent cause of severe congenital GHD, often managed by pediatric endocrinologists, and hence few cases in adulthood have been reported. Herein, we describe the clinical status of a 56-year-old male with IGHDIA due to a 6.7 kb deletion in GH1 gene that encodes GH, located on chromosome 17. We also describe phenotypic and biochemical parameters, as well as characterization of anti-GH antibodies after a new attempt made to treat with GH. The height of the adult patient was 123 cm. He presented with type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, and low physical and psychological performance, compatible with GHD symptomatology. Anti-GH antibodies in high titers and with binding activity (>101 IU/ml) were found 50 years after exposure to exogenous GH, and their levels increased significantly (>200 U/ml) after a 3-month course of 0.2 mg/day recombinant human GH (rhGH) treatment. Higher doses of rhGH (1 mg daily) did not overcome the blockade, and no change in undetectable IGF1 levels was observed (<25 ng/ml). IGHDIA patients need lifelong medical surveillance, focusing mainly on metabolic disturbances, bone status, cardiovascular disease, and psychological support. Multifactorial conventional therapy focusing on each issue is recommended, as anti-GH antibodies may inactivate specific treatment with exogenous GH. After consideration of potential adverse effects, rhIGF1 treatment, even theoretically indicated, has not been considered in our patient yet.

Learning points

Severe isolated GHD may be caused by mutations in GH1 gene, mainly a 6.7 kb deletion.

Appearance of neutralizing anti-GH antibodies upon recombinant GH treatment is a characteristic feature of IGHDIA.

Recombinant human IGF1 treatment has been tested in children with IGHDIA with variable results in height and secondary adverse effects, but any occurrence in adult patients has not been reported yet.

Metabolic disturbances (diabetes and hyperlipidemia) and osteoporosis should be monitored and properly treated to minimize cardiovascular disease and fracture risk.

Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging should be repeated in adulthood to detect morphological abnormalities that may have developed with time, as well as pituitary hormones periodically assessed.
Urban Water Infrastructure Renewal: Assessment of Quantities, Costs, and Quality of Materials
Authors: Rodriguez Mario Buenfil 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTAny world’s metropolis requires urban public water networks composed by thousands of kilometres of pipelines and various other installations. Such infrastructure ensemble is expected to be in service for rather long periods of time, as it involved decades of costly investments. Anyway, and independently of careful operation and maintenance of such assets, eventually and unavoidable they will decay and will need replacement. This will occur sooner when soil conditions, or operation and maintenance is unfavourable. The paper explores typical and general problems for renewing infrastructure, with examples from specific studies for some Mexican cities and from other countries found in literature. Also mentions usual materials and elements and their life spans under different conditions, along with replacement techniques and probable costs.The topics, elements and focuses of attention around water infrastructure renewal are broad and varied and must cover the WHY, HOW, WHEN, WHERE, and WITH WHAT money. They range from technical, constructive and diagnosis tasks, to institutional organization, financial and public awareness. As it is impossible to cover everything in a single paper, the present one is a modest intent to give a brief panorama of the state of the art on several of those issues and focuses. The paper underlines and gives recommendations regarding gaps and needs requiring research, as well as the production of more technical papers and discussion forums particularly in Mexico and the Latin America Regions.
Influence of surface treatment on adhesion of iCVD PGMA thin films for wafer-level bonding
Authors: Bharamaiah Jeevendrakumar Vijay Jain , Altemus Bruce A. , Gildea Adam J. , Bergkvist Magnus 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThis work demonstrates wafer bonding using initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) poly(glycidylmethacrylate) (PGMA) thin films, and studies the impact of surface treatment to manipulate adhesion energy between polymer film and silicon substrate. Substrates were modified with organosilanes or nitrogen plasma prior to iCVD and bonding. Adhesion was characterized by measuring critical energy release rate (Gc) using a 4-point bend technique. Results demonstrate a correlation between substrate surface energy and polymer-substrate adhesion energy where, depending on the functional group, close to an order of magnitude variation in adhesion energy was observed. These results point to minimal covalent interaction between polymer and substrate for these samples. Exposing the bonded wafers to a thermal anneal step led to an improved grafting of PGMA to substrate. For grafted films, the sample failure mode shifted from adhesive to cohesive, with drastic increase in Gc. These findings demonstrate that the adhesion energy and failure mode of iCVD-PGMA bonded wafers can be manipulated through surface functionalization and thermal treatment, which enable both temporary and permanent chip-bonding applications using iCVD polymer films as adhesives.
Continuous Heliox Breathing and the Extent of Anatomic Zone of Noreflow and Necrosis Following Ischemia/Reperfusion in the Rabbit Heart
Authors: Hale Sharon L. , VanDeripe Donald R. , Kloner Robert A. 
Published: February 2014

Background:
Nitrogen may contribute to reperfusion injury. Some studies have shown that helium as a
replacement for nitrogen in breathing gas (heliox) reduces cell necrosis after ischemia/reperfusion when used in a
preconditioning fashion (intermittent heliox exposure). Our aim was to test whether heliox, breathed continuously
throughout the ischemic and reperfusion periods, reduced necrosis and a marker of reperfusion injury, the no-reflow
phenomenon.

Methods and Results:
Anesthetized, open-chest rabbits received 30 min coronary artery occlusion/3 hrs reperfusion.
Before CAO rabbits were randomized to heliox (30% oxygen + 70% helium, n=8) or air supplemented with oxygen to
achieve blood gas values within physiologic range (n = 8). Rabbits received the appropriate mix during ischemic and
reperfusion periods. Infarct size (% risk zone) and no-reflow defect were measured at the end of the reperfusion period.
The ischemic risk zone was similar in both groups (28% of left ventricle in heliox and 29% in control). Heliox breathing
did not reduce necrosis; infarct size, expressed as a percentage of the risk region was 44±4% in the heliox group and
49±5% in controls, p = 0.68. The extent of the no-reflow defect was not altered by heliox, either expressed as a percent of
the risk region (29±4% in heliox and 28±3% in control) or as a percent of the necrotic zone (65±5% in heliox and 59±8%
in control).Heliox treatment had no effect on hemodynamic parameters or arterial blood gas values.

Conclusion:
Continuous heliox breathing does not appear to be cardioprotective in the setting of acute myocardial
infarction in the rabbit model. Heliox respiration administered during 30 minutes of ischemia and 180 minutes of
reperfusion did not alter infarct size or the extent of no-reflow.
Inspiratory Flows and Volumes in Subjects with Non-CF Bronchiectasis Using a New Dry Powder Inhaler Device
Authors: Elkins Mark R. , Anderson Sandra D. , Perry Clare P. , Daviskas Evangelia , Charlton Brett 
Published: February 2014

Introduction:
Drug inhalation via a dry-powder inhaler (DPI) is a convenient, time efficient alternative to
nebulizers in the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) or non-CF bronchiectasis. Efficient drug administration via DPIs
depends on the device resistance and adequate (≥45L/min) inspiratory flows and volumes generated by individuals. Drypowder
mannitol is delivered using a RS01 breath-actuated device developed by Plastiape, for Pharmaxis. The study aim
was to determine in vivo if non-CF bronchiectasis patients’ inspiratory flows and volumes are adequate to use the RS01
DPI device.

Materials and Methodology:
An open, non-interventional study; enrolled 17 subjects with non-CF bronchiectasis, 18 to 80
years, with baseline FEV1 ≥1.0L and ≥50‰ predicted. Inspiratory flows and volumes were measured when subjects
inhaled in a controlled manner through the RS01 device in series with a spirometer.

Results:
The mean inspiratory volume (IV) of non-CF bronchiectasis subjects was 2.08 ± 0.5L and achieved a mean PIF
of 78.6 ± 11.2L/min with the inhaler device.

Conclusion:
Use of the RS01 DPI device allowed adequate inspiratory flow and volume for dispersion of dry-powder
mannitol in non-CF bronchiectasis patients.
Microwave assisted extraction of essential oils from enzymatically pretreated lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller)
Authors: Calinescu Ioan , Gavrila Adina , Ivopol Maria , Ivopol Gabriel , Popescu Mariana , Mircioaga Nectara 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In this study, microwave assisted a hydrodistillation process (MWHD) of essential oils from lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller) was investigated. In order to examine any potential differences in essential oil extraction, the lavender flowers underwent enzymatic pretreatment.
A 23 factorial design of experiments, combined with statistical methods of data analysis were used to optimize enzymatic pretreatment and to evaluate the influence of major variables (enzyme concentration, temperature and pH) on the performance of the microwave assisted extraction.
Under optimal conditions, an extraction yield of 24 mg oil g−1 substrate was achieved (an increase by approximately 25% in comparison with the classic extraction conditions of conventional hydrodistillation).
The main compounds of the essential oils obtained were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Analyzing the data obtained indicated that the content of main compounds (linalool and linalyl acetate − 73%) was greater than that obtained by conventional extraction (67%).
Oxidative stress regulates expression of claudin-1 in human RPE cells
Authors: Hirata Junko , Ko Ji-Ae , Mochizuki Hideki , Funaishi Kunihiko , Yamane Ken , Sonoda Koh-Hei , Kiuchi Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with irreversible loss of central vision in the elderly. Disruption of the homeostatic function of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is thought to be fundamental to AMD pathogenesis, and oxidative stress is implicated in the associated RPE damage. We examined the effects of oxidative stress on the expression of junctional proteins in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells. Reverse transcription-PCR and immunoblot analyses revealed that expression of the tight-junction protein claudin-1 was increased at both the mRNA and protein levels 8 to 12 h after exposure of ARPE-19 cells to H2O2, whereas that of the tight-junction protein ZO-1 or the adherens-junction protein N-cadherin was unaffected. Expression of both claudin-1 and N-cadherin was down-regulated by exposure of the cells to H2O2 for longer periods (24 to 48 h). Oxidative stress also induced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) with a time course similar to that apparent for the up-regulation of claudin-1 expression. Furthermore, the increase in the abundance of claudin-1 induced by H2O2 was blocked by the p38 inhibitor SB203580. Phosphorylation of the MAPKs ERK and JNK was not affected by H2O2. Our results suggest that modulation of claudin-1 expression in the RPE by oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of AMD.
Vehicle dynamic analysis using neuronal network algorithms
Authors: Oloeriu Florin , Mocian Oana 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTheoretical developments of certain engineering areas, the emergence of new investigation tools, which are better and more precise and their implementation on-board the everyday vehicles, all these represent main influence factors that impact the theoretical and experimental study of vehicle’s dynamic behavior. Once the implementation of these new technologies onto the vehicle’s construction had been achieved, it had led to more and more complex systems. Some of the most important, such as the electronic control of engine, transmission, suspension, steering, braking and traction had a positive impact onto the vehicle’s dynamic behavior. The existence of CPU on-board vehicles allows data acquisition and storage and it leads to a more accurate and better experimental and theoretical study of vehicle dynamics. It uses the information offered directly by the already on-board built-in elements of electronic control systems. The technical literature that studies vehicle dynamics is entirely focused onto parametric analysis. This kind of approach adopts two simplifying assumptions. Functional parameters obey certain distribution laws, which are known in classical statistics theory. The second assumption states that the mathematical models are previously known and have coefficients that are not time-dependent. Both the mentioned assumptions are not confirmed in real situations: the functional parameters do not follow any known statistical repartition laws and the mathematical laws aren’t previously known and contain families of parameters and are mostly time-dependent. The purpose of the paper is to present a more accurate analysis methodology that can be applied when studying vehicle’s dynamic behavior.A method that provides the setting of non-parametrical mathematical models for vehicle’s dynamic behavior is relying on neuronal networks. This method contains coefficients that are time-dependent. Neuronal networks are mostly used in various types’ system controls, thus being a non-linear process identification algorithm. The common use of neuronal networks for non-linear processes is justified by the fact that both have the ability to organize by themselves. That is why the neuronal networks best define intelligent systems, thus the word ‘neuronal’ is sending one’s mind to the biological neuron cell. The paper presents how to better interpret data fed from the on-board computer and a new way of processing that data to better model the real life dynamic behavior of the vehicle.
Évaluation médico-économique : pourquoi tant de tergiversations ?
Authors: Caniard Étienne 
Published: February 2014

Si l’intitulé même de l’Andem (Agence nationale pour le développement de l’évaluation médicale) soulignait les débuts de l’évaluation, huit ans plus tard l’Anaes (Agence nationale pour l’accréditation de l’évaluation en santé) marque sa mise en œuvre et son élargissement aux établissements de santé. Une nouvelle ambition se manifeste en 2004 avec la création de la HAS (Haute Autorité de santé), outil d’aide à la décision aux compétences étendues. L’évaluation médico-économique est évidemment présente dans les esprits dès les débuts de l’Andem, mais le terme fait tellement peur qu’il faudra attendre la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale de 2008 pour le voir apparaître ! Néanmoins, sur le plan institutionnel, le sentiment qui prévaut est celui d’une évolution régulière et rapide du développement de l’évaluation médicale avec une place de mieux en mieux reconnue, un champ d’intervention qui s’élargit et des objectifs ambitieux. Est-ce le signe d’une prise de conscience progressive, d’une modification des comportements des professionnels et de l’opinion publique, de l’efficacité des outils d’aide à la décision pour les pouvoirs publics... ou d’une fuite en avant devant les difficultés à faire accepter une évaluation médico-économique, devant un fossé s’élargissant entre des outils au service d’objectifs ambitieux et des résultats décevants ?
Quel cadre de travail avec les familles quand des sous-systèmes s'excluent ?
Authors: Murat Lucas , Van Ypersele David , Kaisin Patrick , Van Cutsem Chantal , Lebrun Thierry 
Published: February 2014

La Mosaïque est une unité de l’hôpital psychiatrique pour enfants et adolescents « La Petite Maison ». Le travail avec les familles fait partie intégrante du processus de psychothérapie qui a court au sein de l’unité. L’article expose particulièrement le travail mis en œuvre dans l’unité lorsque nous sommes confrontés à des familles dans lesquelles des sous-systèmes s’excluent activement. Il en présente les objectifs, le cadre et les moyens mis en œuvre. Nous y détaillerons le travail de pré-admission, certains aspects pratiques des entretiens de famille, le suivi individuel mis en place autour de ces entretiens et enfin l’articulation du dispositif famille avec l’équipe. Plusieurs exemples cliniques accompagnent cet article.
NK Cell Killer Ig-like Receptor Repertoire Acquisition and Maturation Are Strongly Modulated by HLA Class I Molecules
Authors: Sleiman Marwan , Brons Nicolaas H. C. , Kaoma Tony , Dogu Figen , Villa-Forte Alexandra , Lenoble Patrick , Hentges François , Kotsch Katja , Gadola Stephan D. , Vilches Carlos , Zimmer Jacques 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe interaction between clonally distributed inhibitory receptors and their activating counterparts on NK cells and HLA class I molecules defines NK cell functions, but the role of HLA class I ligands in the acquisition of their receptors during NK development is still unclear. Although some studies demonstrated that HLA-C affects the expression of killer Ig-like receptors (KIR), other studies showed that NK cells acquire their KIR repertoire in a stochastic manner. Only when infected with human CMV is an expansion of self-specific KIR+ NKG2C+ NK cells detected. To gain more insight into this question, we compared the coexpression of different KIR molecules, NKG2A, CD8, and CD57, on NK cells in healthy donors and seven patients with deficient HLA class I expression due to mutations in one of the TAP genes. Our results show a correlation between the presence/absence of HLA class I molecules and the coexpression of their receptors. In an HLA class I low-expression context, an increase in KIR molecules’ coexpression is detected on the NKG2A+ CD8+ subset. In functional assays, hyporesponsiveness was observed for TAP-deficient NK cells derived from four patients. In contrast, NK cells from patient five were functional, whereas CD107a+ and IFN-γ+ CD56dim NK cells presented a different pattern of HLA class I receptors compared with healthy donors. Taken together, our results provide strong evidence for the role of HLA class I molecules in NK cell maturation and KIR repertoire acquisition.
Print Media Coverage around Failed and Successful Tobacco Tax Initiatives: The South Carolina Experience
Authors: Thrasher James F. , Kim Sei-Hill , Rose India , Navarro Ashley , Craft Mary-Kathryn , Davis Kelly J. , Biggers Sharon 
Published: February 2014

Purpose. Taxes are a critical tobacco control policy, yet little systematic research has determined how mass media represent tobacco taxes. This study aimed to characterize print media coverage of tobacco tax initiatives in South Carolina (SC). Design. Content analysis. Setting. The setting comprised 346 news articles from 2006 to 2010 in the four main SC newspapers. Subjects. N/A Measures. A coding scheme with good inter-rater reliability (α = .90–1.0) assessed article type (news vs. opinion), arguments, and the story tendency regarding whether it was in favor of the tax, against the tax, or neutral/mixed. Analysis. Chi-square tests and t-tests assessed hypotheses regarding the prevalence and number of different arguments and article tendencies across different time periods (i.e., legislature in session vs. not in session; successful vs. unsuccessful initiative) and article types. Results. Most articles were favorable toward the tax (59%), with favorable articles most likely to be found in opinion pieces than in news articles. Compared to unsuccessful tax initiative years (2006 to 2009), articles from the successful year (2010) were more likely to include pro-tax arguments about how the tax can raise state revenues (47% vs. 33%; p = .020) and pay for tobacco control programs (40% vs. 26%; p = .014). Unsuccessful years included a relatively higher percentage of stories about the lack of consensus regarding how the tax money should be spent (25% vs. 11%; p = .014). Within articles, the mean number of arguments favorable toward the tax and the mean number of economic arguments were marginally higher in the successful year compared to the unsuccessful years. Conclusion. Study results suggest that advocates build consensus and communicate more clearly on how tobacco tax revenue streams should be spent.
Impact of Nodal Staging for Small Bowel Carcinoid: More is Better!
Authors: Tran Thuy , Reich Heidi , Leung Anna , Wolin Edward , Amersi Farin , Hari Danielle M 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Current guidelines for small bowel carcinoid (SBC) do not specify the extent lymph node (LN) staging required. Our aim was to determine whether analyzing more LNs in patients who undergo surgical resection for SBC correlated with improved survival. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried to identify patients undergoing surgical resection for histologically confirmed SBC from 1988- 2009. The number of LNs examined was categorized into 0, 1 to 6, 7 to 11 and 12+ nodes. Patient demographics and tumor characteristics were assessed by Logrank and Cox regression analysis. The median number of LNs examined for all 2796 patients was 4.00 (mean 6.83). For all stages of jejunal and ileal tumors examined, increased nodal sampling was associated with significantly improved survival (p < 0.001). On regression analysis, older age, non-white race, larger tumor size, higher T-stage and number of LNs examined were predictive of worse survival. For jejunal and ileal SBC, adequate lymphadenectomy, consisting of 12 lymph nodes, correlates with significantly improved survival. Presently, no guideline exists for SBC LN staging, but it is critical to ensure adequate surgical staging in patients who undergo resection for jejunal and ileal SBC.

How to cite this article
Tran T, Reich H, Leung A, Wolin E, Amersi F, Hari DM. Impact of Nodal Staging for Small Bowel Carcinoid: More is Better! World J Endoc Surg 2013;5(3):65-70.
A 44-Year-Old Male with Repeat Cervical Neck Exploration for 1° Hyperparathyroidism and Imaging Suspicious for Intrathyroidal Parathyroid
Authors: Farley David R , Khreiss Wael , AlJamal Yazan N , Aho Johnathon Michael Edward 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
A 44-year-old male with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent a negative cervical neck exploration. The subsequent workup including imaging and management suggested an intrathyroid mass suspicious for a parathyroid adenoma. A thyroid lobectomy was performed with the pathologic evaluation demonstrating an intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma. The patient had resolution of his persistent primary hyperparathyroidism.

How to cite this article
Khreiss W, AlJamal YN, Farley DR, Aho JME. A 44-Year-Old Male with Repeat Cervical Neck Exploration for 1° Hyperparathyroidism and Imaging Suspicious for Intrathyroidal Parathyroid. World J Endoc Surg 2013;5(3): 79-81.