bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of computerized intraosseous anesthesia compared with traditional mandibular nerve block on children's behavior: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Radwan Mohamed Zayed , Wassel Mariem Osama , El Geleel Ola Abd , Elghazawy Reham Khaled 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundEffective pain management is crucial for the successful completion of dental procedures in children. Research has examined whether computerized intraosseous anesthesia (CIOA) could serve as a safe and viable substitute for the conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) technique in pediatric patients. This study investigates the efficacy of CIOA, aiming to determine its effectiveness as an alternative anesthesia method.AimThis study compared the efficacy of local intraosseous anesthesia using a computerized device (QuickSleeper 5) to conventional IANB anesthesia on cooperation and pain perception in children, using a randomized controlled trial design.DesignThe study included 88 healthy children, aged between 6 and 9 years, who required pulpotomy for their mandibular second primary molars. The study was approved by the local research ethics committee and registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05193487). The heart rate and Venham behavior rating scale were recorded and analyzed. Categorical data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Age and heart rate were compared using an independent t‐test for intergroup comparison. The intragroup comparison was carried out using repeated measures ANOVA, followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test. The Mann–Whitney U‐test was used to analyze the Venham scale scores. The significance level was set at p < .05ResultsThe mean Venham score was slightly higher in the IANB group than in the CIOA group, but was not statistically significant (p = .852). One minute after anesthesia administration, the heart rate (beats per minute [BPM]) was significantly higher in the IANB group (92.30 ± 13.45) than in the CIOA group (83.20 ± 10.40) (p < .001). Additionally, there was a significant difference in heart rate values measured at different intervals within the IANB group.ConclusionThe QuickSleeper 5 device was found to be a feasible alternative for IANB in children over 6 years old.
Effect of LiF and LBSCA glass on the microwave dielectric properties of 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6‐based ceramics for LTCC applications
Authors: Lou Yu , Wang Wei , Xu Di‐Ming , Du Chao , Wang Xin , Hussain Fayaz , Darwish Moustafa Adel , Zhou Tao , Chen Ya‐Wei , Liang Qi‐Xin , Zhang Mei‐Rong , Pang Yong‐Qiang , Zhou Di 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work, the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6‐based ceramics were synthesized using a standard solid‐phase reaction process, and the inherent relationship between crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties was thoroughly explored. The crystal structure of the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ceramic was determined by X‐ray diffractometer, which confirmed the existence of two phases. Microstructure observation of the ceramics was obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Excellent microwave dielectric properties with a low ԑr ∼6.52, a high Q × f ∼46 010 GHz, and the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) ∼−14 ppm°C−1 were obtained in the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ceramic sintered at 1060°C. By adding sintering additives LiF and Li2O–B2O3–SiO2–CaO–Al2O3 (LBSCA) glass, the sintering temperature was decreased from 1060°C to 870°C. Good microwave dielectric properties with a ԑr ∼6.59, a Q × f ∼18 820 GHz, and TCF ∼−14 ppm°C−1 were achieved in the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ‐2 wt.% LiF, 1 wt.% LBSCA (2F1LBSCA) ceramic sintered at 870°C. The low‐temperature firing ceramics could also be well co‐fired with Ag with good chemical compatibility. These results indicated that the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ceramic with 2F1LBSCA additions can be utilized in low‐temperature co‐fired ceramics technology to produce high‐frequency communication components.
Self‐care behaviours of first‐generation Chinese immigrants living with cardiovascular disease: A qualitative study
Authors: Zeng Ling , Xu Xiaoyue , Perry Lin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo identify and describe self‐care behaviours performed by Chinese immigrants living with cardiovascular disease in Australia, and factors perceived as barriers and facilitators to evidence‐based cardiac self‐care.DesignA qualitative descriptive design.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured phone interviews were conducted among participants meeting the following criteria: (1) first‐generation Chinese immigrants to Australia, born in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan; (2) Australian permanent residents or citizens; (3) self‐reported or medically diagnosed with coronary heart disease, stroke or heart failure; (4) able to speak English or Mandarin; (5) able to provide informed consent, excluding those with history or evidence of impaired cognition such as dementia. Participants were recruited via social media, Chinese community associations and medical centres from September 2021 to June 2022. Data were analysed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis, guided by the Middle‐Range Theory of Self‐Care of Chronic Illness. The study was reported in line with the COREQ checklist.ResultsTwenty participants were interviewed, 60% female, mean age 69.9 years. Most migrated to Australia at older age following their retirement in China; most had limited English proficiency. Many practiced adequate self‐care for their CVD in self‐care maintenance and monitoring. Variously, they adopted heart‐healthy diets, developed exercise routines, attended medical services and closely monitored their body signs and symptoms. However, self‐adjusting medications, taking Traditional Chinese Medicine and self‐administering health supplements were prevalent practices and first‐response management of acute cardiac symptoms was suboptimal. Linguistic and cultural barriers to obtaining mainstream heart health information meant most participants resorted to informal, anecdotal and mainland Chinese sources.ConclusionDiverse factors were held responsible for sub‐optimal self‐care behaviours but lack of access to linguistically and culturally appropriate heart health information was widely blamed. Linguistically and culturally appropriate community‐based heart health education programmes are urgently needed, targeting healthy lifestyle modification, medication literacy and cardiac symptom management.ImpactStudy findings can be used to improve cardiac nurses' cultural sensitivity and practices targeting Chinese immigrants. Partnering with Chinese community associations offers health service providers and policymakers an innovative route to co‐design and deliver targeted heart health education interventions and support for this population.Public ContributionChinese community centre managers contributed to data collection by supporting participant recruitment.
Target firm's integrity culture and M&A performance
Authors: Balachandran Balasingham , Faff Robert W. , Mishra Sagarika , Shams Syed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates whether the attribute of integrity culture (derived from target firms’ annual reports) influences merger and acquisition (M&A) performance. We find that a target firm's integrity culture, measured from its 10‐K reports, has a positive and significant effect on market reaction to the bidder firm's M&A announcement. Our study's analysis is found to be robust to sample selection bias by utilising the entropy balancing technique and to endogeneity concerns by employing an instrumental variable approach. Our results are also robust to alternative measures of integrity culture and when controlling for a target firm's religiosity and corporate social responsibility, an acquirer firm's fixed effects, chief executive officer's fixed effects, governance for corporate control and advisor quality. We identify the retention of a target firm's directors and of its customers as channels that underlie our main findings. Furthermore, we find that acquisition synergies improve, with decreased time taken to complete the deal, for acquisitions of target firms with a higher integrity culture.
Study on line‐scan profile for a trapezoid line under varying sample temperatures through Monte–Carlo simulation
Authors: Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of the sample inherent temperature on the line‐scan profile for a silicon trapezoid line with different sidewall angles by Monte–Carlo simulation. This study demonstrates that the profile varies with temperature, particularly focusing on the ‘shoulder’, which becomes more pronounced with larger sidewall angles. The contrast of the secondary electron profile increases at low primary electron energy but decreases at relatively high PE energy as the temperature rises. The trend of the backscattering electron profile is similar but less noticeable. The underlying mechanism is discussed in detail. This study has potential to provide valuable insights into thermometry in nanostructures using SEMs.
Assessment of post‐trauma microstructural alterations in the rabbit knee cartilage and subchondral bone
Authors: Singh Amanveer , Mantebea Hannah , Badar Farid , Batool Syeda , Tetmeyer Austin , Abdelmessih Gabrielle , Sebastian Talia , Newton Michael , Baker Kevin , Salem Sarah , Xia Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly diagnosis of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is critical for designing better treatments before the degradation becomes irreversible. We utilized multimodal high‐resolution imaging to investigate early‐stage deterioration in articular cartilage and the subchondral bone plate from a sub‐critical impact to the knee joint, which initiates PTOA. The knee joints of 12 adult rabbits were mechanically impacted once on the femoral articular surface to initiate deterioration. At 2‐ and 14‐week post‐impact surgery, cartilage‐bone blocks were harvested from the impact region in the animals (N = 6 each). These blocks were assessed for deterioration using polarized light microscopy (PLM), microcomputed tomography (μCT), and biochemical analysis. Statistically significant changes were noted in the impact tissues across the calcified zone (CZ) at 14 weeks post‐impact: the optical retardation values in the CZ of impact cartilage had a drop of 29.0% at 14 weeks, while the calcium concentration in the CZ of impact cartilage also had a significant drop at 14 weeks. A significant reduction of 6.3% in bone mineral density (BMD) was noted in the subchondral bone plate of the impact samples at 14 weeks. At 2 weeks post‐impact, only minor, non‐significant changes were measured. Furthermore, the impact knees after 14 weeks had greater structural changes compared with the 2‐week impact knees, indicating progressive degradation over time. The findings of this study facilitated a connection between mineralization alterations and the early deterioration of knee cartilage after a mechanical injury. In a broader context, these findings can be beneficial in improving clinical strategies to manage joint injuries.
Facial tightening using a novel vacuum‐assisted microneedle fractional radiofrequency system: A prospective, randomized, split‐face study
Authors: Liu Ying , Yu Wenxin , Zhu Jiafang , Cen Qingqing , Zhou Lucia , Ma Gang , Shang Ying , Han Yue , Lin Xiaoxi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe microneedle fractional radiofrequency system (MFRS) is able to rejuvenate facial appearance by heating and coagulating certain depth of skin tissue.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel vacuum‐assisted MFRS for facial contour tightening.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, split‐face study included 21 patients who underwent three treatments with a vacuum‐assisted MFRS at 1‐month intervals. Half of the face was treated with the MFRS; the other half was untreated (control). Facial volume changes and wrinkles were objectively measured using a three‐dimensional imaging system and VISIA‐CR.ResultsVolume changes of the treated midface were −0.24 ± 0.75, −0.59 ± 0.92, and −0.55 ± 0.65 mL at 1, 3, 6 months follow‐up; however, measurements of the control side were 0.08 ± 0.70, −0.08 ± 0.53, and − 0.10 ± 0.86 mL, indicating significant reductions (p < 0.05). The number of facial wrinkles on the treated side was significantly reduced to 12.44 ± 4.85 at 3 months and sustained at 6 months (11.11 ± 4.100) compared to the control side (14.89 ± 5.26 and 13.22 ± 4.44, respectively; p < 0.05). No long‐term side effects occurred.ConclusionThe vacuum‐assisted MFRS is safe and effective and is recommended for improving facial tightening and reducing wrinkles. This technology is sufficient to ensure the insertion depth, thus helping to improve the treatment accuracy and safety. The MFRS provides sustained effects for at least 6 months.
On the efficiency of insurance institutions under interdependent risks
Authors: Seog S. Hun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe theoretically investigate the equilibria and efficiencies of public and market insurance institutions within a framework where loss probabilities are interdependently influenced by the efforts of individuals and institutions (firms). We highlight the multilateral nature of interdependency, which exists within individuals, within firms, and between them. Our analysis reveals that both public and market institutions fall short of achieving first‐best efficiency, and that the relative efficiencies between the two are indeterminate, due to the externalities. Regarding effort levels, we find that under the public institution, individual efforts are lower while institutional efforts are higher compared with the social optimum and the market institution. We also find that individual and/or institutional efforts are lower under the market institution than the social optimum, with both efforts lower under severe externalities.
Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of phenolics from Sargassum carpophyllum – A kinetics study
Authors: Liu Xin , Yin Qunjian , Chen Xuyang , Sun Pengfei , Liu Ying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe species of the brown macroalgal genus Sargassum are distributed globally and contain many bioactive compounds. In this study, ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) was applied to obtain phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activity from Sargassum carpophyllum collected along the coastline of Weizhou Island in the South China Sea. The influence of different variables such as the solid–liquid ratio (1:5–1:30 g · mL−1), ultrasonic power (160–280 W), duty circle ratio (DCR, 1/3–1/1), and ethanol concentration (30% to ~90%) were studied using a single factor design. The extraction kinetics were investigated using the Peleg model and second‐order kinetics model, and the second‐order model described the extraction procedure better than the Peleg model. Total phenol content (TPC) values of 3.316, 2.964, 2.741, and 3.665 mg phloroglucinol (PHG) · g−1 algae were achieved at a higher solid–liquid ratio (1:30 g · mL−1), higher ultrasonic power (280 W), a higher DCR (1/1), and a moderate ethanol concentration (50%), respectively. However, a slightly different result was observed in the extract obtained, with total phenol contents (TPCextract) of 52.99, 65.00, 46.22, and 55.10 mg PHG · g−1 extract and DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50) of 0.096, 0.066, 0.131, and 0.136 mg extract · mL−1 observed at 50% ethanol, 1:5 g m· mL−1, 2/3 DCR, and 200 W respectively. All variables studied influenced the extraction kinetics by altering the extraction rate and the TPC at equilibrium. As for the bioactivities in the extract, a larger solid–liquid ratio and greater ultrasonic power may not contribute because of their ability to extract non‐phenolic components simultaneously, leading to reduced overall bioactivities. The results of the present study provide essential information for future UAE process design and optimization for extracting phenolics from S. carpophyllum through mathematical modeling and could be regarded as important reference for obtaining value‐added products from other macroalgae species.
Cascading disruptions: Impact of modularity and nexus supplier predictions
Authors: Namdar Jafar , Blackhurst Jennifer , Zhao Kang , Song Suyong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDisruptions can start at one supplier in the supply network and ripple through, impacting other suppliers and firms, known as cascading disruptions. This research analyzes the effect of supply network modularity on cascading disruptions. Modularity measures the degree to which a supply network can be divided into self‐contained sub‐networks and has different effects on supply network resilience. A highly modular supply network prevents cascading disruptions from spreading through the whole network because of the lack of bridges between modules (lack of inter‐module connectivity). Hence, the size of cascading disruptions—measured by the number of suppliers impacted by a cascading disruption—in highly modular supply networks tends to be smaller than the size of cascading disruptions in less modular supply networks. However, the high level of internal connectivity within a module (excessive intra‐module connectivity) acts as an incubator for cascading disruptions. This means a small disruption in a modular network may impact fewer suppliers (i.e., smaller cascading size) but with higher severity measured by service level. Finally, building upon the theoretical concept of nexus suppliers, this research proposes a new predictive model to identify the operational nexus suppliers whose disruptions would considerably impact focal firms' operations. The model's accuracy is empirically tested on real‐world global supply networks involving 2598 unique firms and suppliers across 51 countries and 111 industries. The model identifies nexus suppliers with 95% accuracy, allowing managers and policymakers to plan for mitigation strategies proactively.
Effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on romantic relationships and intimacy among individuals with obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and a meta‐analysis
Authors: Poletti Valentina , Battaglia Elvia Giovanna , Banfi Paolo , Volpato Eleonora 
Published: June 2024

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea is a common yet often overlooked chronic sleep disorder with significant health implications globally. Bedpartners play a vital role in motivating individuals with obstructive sleep apnea to seek medical help, though their sleep quality may suffer, straining the couple's relationship. From September 2023 to January 2024, utilizing PubMed, Scopus, BioMed Central, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect and www.clinicaltrials.gov databases, this systematic review meticulously examined data from 27 studies to investigate how continuous positive airway pressure therapy, recognized as the gold‐standard for treating obstructive sleep apnea, may positively influence psychological dynamics within couples. Additionally, a meta‐analysis was conducted on nine studies, to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure on erectile function, which is often compromised in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The PRISMA checklist and specific quality assessments were followed to ensure methodological rigour and transparency. Findings reveal positive changes in conflict resolution for patients with obstructive sleep apnea post‐ continuous positive airway pressure adaptation (p < 0.05). Emotional functioning (p = 0.002) and social relationships (p < 0.001) also show improvements in bedpartners. While six subjective assessments indicate enhancements in sexual quality of life for patients with obstructive sleep apnea, challenges related to continuous positive airway pressure use as a barrier to intimacy are acknowledged. Focusing on male patients with obstructive sleep apnea, findings demonstrated a substantial improvement in erectile function post‐continuous positive airway pressure utilization, with a Z‐score of 4.84 (p < 0.00001). Female patients with obstructive sleep apnea using continuous positive airway pressure show no significant improvements in sexual functioning, while female bedpartners report positive changes. These insights emphasize the importance of holistic approaches in addressing the impact of obstructive sleep apnea on both individuals and their relationships.
How to be indifferent
Authors: Liu Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccording to the principle of indifference, when a set of possibilities is evidentially symmetric for you – when your evidence no more supports any one of the possibilities over any other – you're required to distribute your credences uniformly among them. Despite its intuitive appeal, the principle of indifference is often thought to be unsustainable due to the problem of multiple partitions: Depending on how a set of possibilities is divided, it seems that sometimes, applying indifference reasoning can require you to assign incompatible credences to equivalent possibilities. This paper defends the principle of indifference from the problem of multiple partitions by offering two guides for how to respond. The first is for permissivists about rationality, and is modeled on permissivists' arguments for the claim that a body of evidence sometimes does not uniquely determine a fully rational credence function. The second is for impermissivists about rationality, and is modeled on impermissivists' arguments for the claim that a body of evidence does always uniquely determine a fully rational credence function. What appears to be a decisive objection against the principle of indifference is in fact an instance of a general challenge taking different forms familiar to both permissivists and impermissivists.
NPCC4: Climate change and New York City's health risk
Authors: Matte Thomas , Lane Kathryn , Tipaldo Jenna F. , Barnes Janice , Knowlton Kim , Torem Emily , Anand Gowri , Yoon Liv , Marcotullio Peter , Balk Deborah , Constible Juanita , Elszasz Hayley , Ito Kazuhiko , Jessel Sonal , Limaye Vijay , Parks Robbie , Rutigliano Mallory , Sorenson Cecilia , Yuan Ariel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter of the New York City Panel on Climate Change 4 (NPCC4) report considers climate health risks, vulnerabilities, and resilience strategies in New York City's unique urban context. It updates evidence since the last health assessment in 2015 as part of NPCC2 and addresses climate health risks and vulnerabilities that have emerged as especially salient to NYC since 2015. Climate health risks from heat and flooding are emphasized. In addition, other climate‐sensitive exposures harmful to human health are considered, including outdoor and indoor air pollution, including aeroallergens; insect vectors of human illness; waterborne infectious and chemical contaminants; and compounding of climate health risks with other public health emergencies, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic. Evidence‐informed strategies for reducing future climate risks to health are considered.
NPCC4: Climate change, energy, and energy insecurity in New York City
Authors: Yoon Liv , Ventrella Jennifer , Marcotullio Peter , Matte Thomas , Lane Kathryn , Tipaldo Jenna , Jessel Sonal , Schmid Kathleen , Casagrande Julia , Elszasz Hayley 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter of the New York City Panel on Climate Change 4 (NPCC4) report provides an overview of energy trends in New York City and the State of New York, as well as accompanying challenges and barriers to the energy transition—with implications for human health and wellbeing. The link between energy trends and their impact on health and wellbeing is brought to the fore by the concept of “energy insecurity,” an important addition to the NPCC4 assessment.