bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential role of hematopoietic pre‐B‐cell leukemia transcription factor‐interacting protein in oral carcinogenesis
Authors: Okada Seiji , Irié Tarou , Tanaka Junichi , Yasuhara Rika , Yamamoto Gou , Isobe Tomohide , Hokazono Chie , Tachikawa Tetsuhiko , Kohno Yohko , Mishima Kenji 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundHematopoietic pre‐B‐cell leukemia transcription factor‐interacting protein (HPIP) is a corepressor of pre‐B‐cell leukemia homeobox (PBX) 1 and is known to play a role in hematopoiesis. Recently, HPIP was demonstrated to promote breast cancer cell proliferation and hepatocellular carcinoma growth. Moreover, it has been revealed that homeobox and PBX proteins, the expression of which is regulated by HPIP, play key roles in cancer of various organs, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Nevertheless, there has not been any study regarding the role of HPIP in OSCC. This study investigated the expression of HPIP in normal oral mucosa, epithelial precursor lesion (OEPL), and OSCC, and the functional roles of HPIP in OSCC cells and normal keratinocytes.Materials and methodsImmunohistochemical analysis of HPIP, Ki‐67, and involucrin was performed in OSCC specimens, and the change in involucrin expression following RNA interference treatment against HPIP was examined by quantitative RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis in SCC9 and NHEK cells undergoing extracellular calcium‐induced differentiation. Matrigel transwell and cell proliferation assays for both cell lines transfected with HPIP siRNA were also conducted.ResultsHPIP expression increased in OEPL and OSCC specimens. In vitro analysis revealed that HPIP suppressed differentiation and proliferation of SCC9 cells and transwell migration of NHEK cells, while HPIP promoted invasion of SCC9 and proliferation of NHEK cells. However, HPIP has no significant effect on NHEK cell differentiation.ConclusionHPIP may play a critical role in oral carcinogenesis and is thus a potential target for anticancer therapy, with particular emphasis on its involvement in differentiation and migration/metastasis.
Genetic variants in AKT1 gene were associated with risk and survival of OSCC in Chinese Han Population
Authors: Wang Yun , Lin Lin , Xu Hao , Li Taiwen , Zhou Yu , Dan Hongxia , Jiang Lu , Liao Ga , Zhou Min , Li Longjiang , Zeng Xin , Li Jing , Chen Qianming 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundAKT1 is an important downstream effector of PTEN/PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway. Aberrant expression and genetic variant of AKT1 gene are suggested to be involved in several types of human cancers, including OSCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between AKT1 gene polymorphisms and OSCC in Chinese Han Population.MethodsA total of 182 OSCC patients and 207 cancer‐free controls were enrolled for this hospital‐based study. Five single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on AKT1 (rs1130214, rs1130233, rs2494732, rs3730358, rs3803300) were investigated and genotyped by Sequenom Mass ARRAY & iPLEX‐MALDI‐TOF technology. Chi‐square test, SHEsis software, and Kaplan–Meier method were used to evaluate the relationship between selected SNPs and OSCC susceptibility and progression.ResultsSignificant difference of genotype distribution was observed between cases and control group at SNP sites rs1130214 (P = 0.006) and rs3803300 (P = 0.033, P = 0.003 for heterozygote and homozygous mutant, respectively). In the haplotype analysis, haplotype H4 which contained mutant‐type allele of rs1130214 and rs3803300 was also related to OSCC risk (OR = 1.974, 95% CI = 1.048–3.718). Moreover, CT genotype of rs3730358 was associated with higher risk of OSCC progression (HR = 2.466, 95% CI = 1.017–5.981).ConclusionOur results indicated that rs1130214 and rs3803300 were related to OSCC susceptibility in Chinese Han Population. In addition, rs3730358 might be associated with progression‐free survival time of OSCC patients, suggesting that this SNP could be a potential prognosis marker for OSCC.
Determination of Physiological Races and Evaluation of Sunflower for Resistance to Puccinia helianthi Schw
Authors: Jing Lan , Xu Xin , Jing Jiali , Li Li , Navi Shrishail S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSunflower rust, caused by Puccinia helianthi Schw., is a widespread disease of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in China. To study physiological races, sunflower field surveys were undertaken in major sunflower growing areas of China in 2010. Forty‐four rust‐infected sunflower leaf samples were collected from 25 geographical locations. Freshly produced spores were used to study physiological race differentiation on a set of nine differentials. Race 300 was the most prevalent race observed over all locations with a 59% frequency followed by races 735, 310, 500, 724 and 737. To evaluate hybrids and varieties for resistance screening, spores of race 300 were used to inoculate 65 hybrids, and five open‐pollinated varieties selected from breeding programmes and from the seed market. None of the confection hybrids and open‐pollinated varieties was immune to race 300. Conversely, among oilseed hybrids, 3% of them showed immunity, 12% highly resistant, 59% resistant and 26% showed susceptible reactions. Open‐pollinated varieties were the most susceptible to race 300 followed by confection and oilseed sunflower hybrids. Results from this study are projected to assist breeders in selection of hybrids and varieties against prevalent race as our results showed a diversity of resistance levels to race 300.
Production rate estimation of mycosporine‐like amino acids in two Arctic melt ponds by stable isotope probing with NAH13CO3
Authors: Ha Sun‐Yong , Min Jun‐Oh , Joo Hyun Min , Chung Kyung Ho , Shin Kyung‐Hoon , Yang EunJin , Kang Sung‐Ho 
Published: July 2014

The net carbon uptake rate and net production rate of mycosporine‐like amino acids (MAAs) were measured in phytoplankton from 2 different melt ponds (MPs; closed and open type pond) in the western Arctic Ocean using a 13C stable isotope tracer technique. The Research Vessel Araon visited ice‐covered western‐central basins situated at 82°N and 173°E in the summer of 2012, when Arctic sea ice declined to a record minimum. The average net carbon uptake rate of the phytoplankton in polycarbonate (PC) bottles in the closed MP was 3.24 mg C · m−3 · h−1 (SD = ±1.12 mg C · m−3 · h−1), while that in the open MP was 1.3 mg C · m−3 · h−1 (SD = ±0.05 mg C · m−3 · h−1). The net production rate of total MAAs in incubated PC bottles was highest (1.44 (SD = ±0.24) ng C · L−1 · h−1) in the open MP and lowest (0.05 (SD = ±0.003) ng C · L−1 · h−1) in the closed MP. The net production rate of shinorine and palythine in incubated PC bottles at the open MP presented significantly high values 0.76 (SD = ±0.12) ng C · L−1 · h−1and 0.53 (SD = ±0.06) ng C · L−1 · h−1. Our results showed that high net production rate of MAAs in the open MP was enhanced by a combination of osmotic and UVR stress and that in situ net production rates of individual MAA can be determined using 13C tracer in MPs in Arctic sea ice.
The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS): Male Homosexuality among Arabic-Speaking Internet Users in the Middle East—2010
Authors: Shaeer Osama , Shaeer Kamal 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

Introduction
The prevalence of male homosexuality is difficult to elicit considering the sensitivity of one's sexual orientation. The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS) is an online epidemiologic study of male and female sexuality. The online nature of GOSS allows more confidentiality and wider geographic reach, particularly important in investigating sexual issues within the more conservative societies.

Aim
This study aims to determine the prevalence of male homosexuality among Internet users in the Arabic-speaking Middle East and the unique characteristics of this subset of the population.

Main Outcome Measures
Prevalence of male homosexuality.

Methods
In the year 2010, GOSS was offered to Arabic-speaking web surfers above 18 years of age in the Middle East. Potential participants were invited via advertising on Facebook®. Invitations were dispatched randomly with the exception of geographic region and age, regardless web surfing preferences. GOSS relied in part on validated questionnaires such as the International Index of Erectile Function, as well on other nonvalidated questions.

Results
17.1% reported desire toward the same sex, of whom 5.6% had homosexual encounters, mostly in the form of external stimulation rather than intercourse, and exclusively undercover. An overwhelming majority was ego-dystonic (78.2%).

Conclusion
This is—to our knowledge—the first online survey to address the prevalence of homosexual orientation and practice in the Middle East, discriminating desire from practice, ego-syntonic from ego-dystonic, and investigating the pattern of practice. Homosexual desire is present in the Middle East as it is around the world, and homosexual encounters are as prevalent. Yet, the undercover and ego-dystonic states prevail.
Sexual Bother in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Authors: Benedict Catherine , Traeger Lara , Dahn Jason R. , Antoni Michael , Zhou Eric S. , Bustillo Natalie , Penedo Frank J. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Men with advanced prostate cancer (APC) undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) often experience distressing sexual side effects. Sexual bother is an important component of adjustment. Factors associated with increased bother are not well understood.

Aims
This study sought to describe sexual dysfunction and bother in APC patients undergoing ADT, identify socio-demographic and health/disease-related characteristics related to sexual bother, and evaluate associations between sexual bother and psychosocial well-being and quality of life (QOL).

Methods
Baseline data of a larger psychosocial intervention study was used. Pearson's correlation and independent samples t-test tested bivariate relations. Multivariate regression analysis evaluated relations between sexual bother and psychosocial and QOL outcomes.

Main Outcome Measures
The Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite sexual function and bother subscales, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale were the main outcome measures.

Results
Participants (N = 80) were 70 years old (standard deviation [SD] = 9.6) and reported 18.7 months (SD = 17.3) of ADT. Sexual dysfunction (mean = 10.1; SD = 18.0) was highly prevalent. Greater sexual bother (lower scores) was related to younger age (β = 0.25, P = 0.03) and fewer months of ADT (β = 0.22, P = 0.05). Controlling for age, months of ADT, current and precancer sexual function, sexual bother correlated with more depressive symptoms (β = −0.24, P = 0.06) and lower QOL (β = 0.25, P = 0.05). Contrary to hypotheses, greater sexual bother was related to greater dyadic satisfaction (β = −0.35, P = 0.03) and cohesion (β = −0.42, P = 0.01).

Conclusions
The majority of APC patients undergoing ADT will experience sexual dysfunction, but there is variability in their degree of sexual bother. Psychosocial aspects of sexual functioning should be considered when evaluating men's adjustment to ADT effects. Assessment of sexual bother may help identify men at risk for more general distress and lowered QOL. Psychosocial interventions targeting sexual bother may complement medical treatments for sexual dysfunction and be clinically relevant, particularly for younger men and those first starting ADT.
Role of CYP27B1+2838 promoter polymorphism in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B HBeAg negative with PEG‐interferon
Authors: Boglione L. , Cusato J. , De Nicolò A. , Cariti G. , Di Perri G. , D'Avolio A. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryIn HBV‐infected patients, the vitamin D deficiency has been related to chronic liver diseases, progression of hepatic fibrosis and poor response to the treatment. The CYP27B1 gene, which encodes the 1‐α‐hidroxylase and involved in the 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D synthesis, was recently associated to type‐1 diabetes, autoimmune disorders and treatment response in HCV. Then, we aimed to investigate the role of CYP27B1 polymorphisms in HBV treatment with PEG‐IFN. We retrospectively enrolled 190 patients with chronic hepatitis B HBeAg negative treated for 48 weeks with PEG‐IFN α‐2a. We examined the role of rs4646536 CYP27B1 SNP (CYP27B1+2838) according to virological and serological response. Our results showed that the TT genotype of CYP27B1+2838 was significantly prevalent in patients with end‐of‐therapy virological response (37.6%) vs CT/CC (9.4%) (P < 0.001). Virological relapse was prevalent in patients with CT/CC genotype (12.6%) vs TT genotype (2.1%) (P < 0.001). TT genotype was also related to HBsAg loss (P = 0.004) and anti‐HBs appearance (P = 0.002). In the multivariate analysis, the TT genotype resulted to be a good positive predictor of sustained virological response (OR = 5.632, IC = 1.938–16.368, P = 0.001) and serological response (OR = 6.161, IC = 1.856–20.457, P = 0.003). The CYP27B1+2838 polymorphism may be useful as pretreatment factor to selection of patients with higher probability of response to therapy.
Can the pattern of juvenile recruitment and population structure of the speckled swimming crab Arenaeus cribrarius (Decapoda: Brachyura) be determined by geographical variations?
Authors: de Andrade Luciana Segura , Frameschi Israel Fernandes , Castilho Antônio Leão , da Costa Rogério Caetano , Fransozo Adilson 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of environmental stimuli and selective pressures in different geographical areas along a latitudinal gradient, on the juvenile recruitment, population structure, and sex ratio of the speckled swimming crab Arenaeus cribrarius. Samples were collected monthly during 1 year in three locations along the Brazilian coast: Macaé, state of Rio de Janeiro (MAC, 22°47′ S, 41°45′ W); Ubatuba, São Paulo (UBA, 23°27′ S, 44°58′ W); and São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina (SFS, 26°08′ S, 48°34′ W). The specimens of A. cribrarius were identified, counted, sexed, and measured for maximum carapace width (CW). The largest juvenile found was in UBA (47.7 ± 1.36 mm); and the largest adult females and males in MAC (74.26 ± 0.93 and 77.04 ± 0.79 mm, respectively). Recruitment in MAC was continuous, whereas in UBA and SFS, recruitment showed seasonal characteristics. The sex ratio was skewed toward females only in UBA; in MAC and SFS, males and females were present in equal proportions. These results indicate that geographical variations can cause differences in the recruitment and population structure of A. cribrarius. These regional differences call attention to the necessity for improved management plans and control of shrimp fishing, which can affect population patterns such as juvenile recruitment, population structure and life history of the target species and species that are caught in bycatch from shrimping, such as the swimming crab A. cribrarius.
Inbreeding and inbreeding depression in endangered red wolves (Canis rufus)
Authors: Brzeski Kristin E. , Rabon David R. , Chamberlain Michael J. , Waits Lisette P. , Taylor Sabrina S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn natural populations, the expression and severity of inbreeding depression can vary widely across taxa. Describing processes that influence the extent of inbreeding and inbreeding depression aid in our understanding of the evolutionary history of mating systems such as cooperative breeding and nonrandom mate selection. Such findings also help shape wildlife conservation theory because inbreeding depression reduces the viability of small populations. We evaluated the extent of inbreeding and inbreeding depression in a small, re‐introduced population of red wolves (Canis rufus) in North Carolina. Since red wolves were first re‐introduced in 1987, pedigree inbreeding coefficients (f)increased considerably and almost every wild born wolf was inbred (averagef = 0.154 and maxf = 0.383). The large inbreeding coefficients were due to both background relatedness associated with few founders and numerous close relative matings. Inbreeding depression was most evident for adult body size and generally absent for direct fitness measures such as reproductive success and survival; no lethal equivalents (LE = 0.00) were detected in juvenile survival. The lack of strong inbreeding depression in direct measures of fitness could be due to a founder effect or because there were no outbred individuals for comparison. Our results highlight the variable expression of inbreeding depression across traits and the need to measure a number of different traits when evaluating inbreeding depression in a wild population.
Structure of the pneumococcal l,d‐carboxypeptidase DacB and pathophysiological effects of disabled cell wall hydrolases DacA and DacB
Authors: Abdullah Mohammed R. , Gutiérrez‐Fernández Javier , Pribyl Thomas , Gisch Nicolas , Saleh Malek , Rohde Manfred , Petruschka Lothar , Burchhardt Gerhard , Schwudke Dominik , Hermoso Juan A. , Hammerschmidt Sven 
Published: July 2014

SummaryBacterial cell wall hydrolases are essential for peptidoglycan turnover and crucial to preserve cell shape. The d,d‐carboxypeptidase DacA and l,d‐carboxypeptidase DacB of Streptococcus pneumoniae function in a sequential manner. Here, we determined the structure of the surface‐exposed lipoprotein DacB. The crystal structure of DacB, radically different to that of DacA, contains a mononuclear Zn2+ catalytic centre located in the middle of a large and fully exposed groove. Two different conformations were found presenting a different arrangement of the active site topology. The critical residues for catalysis and substrate specificity were identified. Loss‐of‐function of DacA and DacB altered the cell shape and this was consistent with a modified peptidoglycan peptide composition in dac mutants. Contrary, an lgt mutant lacking lipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase activity required for proper lipoprotein maturation retained l,d‐carboxypeptidase activity and showed an intact murein sacculus. In addition we demonstrated pathophysiological effects of disabled DacA or DacB activities. Real‐time bioimaging of intranasal infected mice indicated a substantial attenuation of ΔdacB and ΔdacAΔdacB pneumococci, while ΔdacA had no significant effect. In addition, uptake of these mutants by professional phagocytes was enhanced, while the adherence to lung epithelial cells was decreased. Thus, structural and functional studies suggest DacA and DacB as optimal drug targets.
Imagining Consumers: Print Culture and Muslim Advertising in Early Twentieth Century China
Authors: Brown Tristan G. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAfter the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, some of China's Muslim peoples, previously known by the term “Hui” — were officially recognized as members of a “Muslim Nationality,” the “Huizu.” “Huizu” identity became technically inheritable from parent to child, and was thus politically separated from a notion of Islamic belief or religious practice. This short study looks to advertisements in Muslim newspapers and journals as a source of information for this critical period of transformation both for China and the wider Muslim world. Of particular note are the changes in the term qingzhen, a term which was applied to a wide variety of facets of Islamic life in traditional China but which came to take a much narrower meaning during this period. I propose that the advertisements in Republican‐era Muslim periodicals, which were published in every corner of the Chinese cultural area, had to adopt a common language reflecting changes in linguistic regimes within China's minority Muslim communities that later shaped state policies.
Regionally dependent neuromuscular functions of motilin and 5‐HT4 receptors in human isolated esophageal body and gastric fundus
Authors: Broad J. , Hughes F. , Chin‐Aleong J. , Sifrim D. , Sanger G. J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundMotilin agonists promote human gastric motility and cholinergic activity, but excitatory and inhibitory actions are reported in the esophagus. The effect of 5‐HT4 agonists in esophagus is also unclear. Perhaps the use of drugs with additional actions explains the variation. The aim, therefore, was to examine how motilin and prucalopride, selective motilin and 5‐HT4 receptor agonists, modulate neuromuscular functions in human esophagus and gastric fundus.MethodsElectrical field stimulation (EFS) evoked nerve‐mediated contractions of circular and longitudinal muscle from human esophageal body and circular muscle from gastric fundus.Key ResultsIn esophageal circular muscle EFS evoked brief contraction, followed by another contraction on termination of EFS, each prevented by atropine. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition facilitated contraction during EFS and the overall contraction became monophasic. In esophagus longitudinal muscle and gastric fundus, EFS evoked cholinergically mediated, monophasic contractions, attenuated by simultaneous nitrergic activation. Motilin (100–300 nM) reduced esophagus circular muscle contractions during EFS, unaffected by L‐NAME or apamin. Motilin 300 nM also reduced EFS‐evoked contractions of longitudinal muscle. Similar concentrations of motilin facilitated cholinergic activity in the fundus and increased baseline muscle tension. Prucalopride facilitated EFS‐evoked contractions in esophagus (tested at 30 μM) and fundus (0.1–30 μM).Conclusions & InferencesSelective motilin and 5‐HT4 agonists have different, region‐dependent abilities to modulate human esophageal and stomach neuromuscular activity, exemplified by weak inhibition (motilin) or excitation (5‐HT4) in esophageal body and excitation for both in stomach. In different patients with motility dysfunctions, motilin and 5‐HT4 agonists may reduce gastro‐esophageal reflux in different ways.
The randomized crossover comparison of airway sealing with the laryngeal mask airway Supreme™ at three different intracuff pressures in children
Authors: Choi Kwan‐Woong , Lee Jeong‐Rim , Oh Jung‐Tak , Kim Dong Wook , Kim Min‐Soo 
Published: July 2014

SummaryBackgroundAn intracuff pressure of 80 cm H2O in the adult‐sized laryngeal mask airway Supreme has been recommended to obtain a higher oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP). However, the intracuff pressure for the higher OLP in the pediatric laryngeal mask airway Supreme could be different from that in the adult‐sized laryngeal mask airway Supreme. Thus, we measured and compared OLP at three intracuff pressures of 40, 60, and 80 cm H2O in the pediatric laryngeal mask airway Supreme.MethodsThis study was designed as a randomized crossover study and enrolled 36 children, aged 0–108 months and 5–30 kg in weight. After insertion of the laryngeal mask airway Supreme, oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) was measured at intracuff pressures of 40, 60, and 80 cm H2O according to one of six sequences produced on the basis of 3 × 6 Williams crossover design. During the intraoperative period, the laryngeal mask airway Supreme was maintained using the last intracuff pressure of the allocated sequence. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were compared among three maintenance intracuff pressures.ResultsOLP at the intracuff pressure of 60 cm H2O was significantly higher than that of 40 cm H2O (17.9 ± 3.9 vs 16.9 ± 4.2 cm H2O, P = 0.004) and was comparable with that of 80 cm H2O (17.9 ± 3.9 vs 17.8 ± 4.6 cm H2O, P = 0.938). There were no significant differences of intraoperative and postoperative complications among the three maintenance intracuff pressures.ConclusionOur results suggest that the use of an intracuff pressure of 60 cm H2O in pediatric laryngeal mask airway Supreme provides a higher OLP compared with 40 cm H2O.