bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rab11a is required for apical protein localisation in the intestine
Authors: Sobajima Tomoaki , Yoshimura Shin-ichiro , Iwano Tomohiko , Kunii Masataka , Watanabe Masahiko , Atik Nur , Mushiake Sotaro , Morii Eiichi , Koyama Yoshihisa , Miyoshi Eiji , Harada Akihiro 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
The small GTPase Rab11 plays an important role in the recycling of proteins to the plasma membrane as well as in polarised transport in epithelial cells and neurons. We generated conditional knockout mice deficient in Rab11a. Rab11a-deficient mice are embryonic lethal, and brain-specific Rab11a knockout mice show no overt abnormalities in brain architecture. In contrast, intestine-specific Rab11a knockout mice begin dying approximately 1 week after birth. Apical proteins in the intestines of knockout mice accumulate in the cytoplasm and mislocalise to the basolateral plasma membrane, whereas the localisation of basolateral proteins is unaffected. Shorter microvilli and microvillus inclusion bodies are also observed in the knockout mice. Elevation of a serum starvation marker was also observed, likely caused by the mislocalisation of apical proteins and reduced nutrient uptake. In addition, Rab8a is mislocalised in Rab11a knockout mice. Conversely, Rab11a is mislocalised in Rab8a knockout mice and in a microvillus atrophy patient, which has a mutation in the myosin Vb gene. Our data show an essential role for Rab11a in the localisation of apical proteins in the intestine and demonstrate functional relationships between Rab11a, Rab8a and myosin Vb in vivo.
Fast-starting after a breath: air-breathing motions are kinematically similar to escape responses in the catfish Hoplosternum littorale
Authors: Domenici Paolo , Norin Tommy , Bushnell Peter G. , Johansen Jacob L. , Skov Peter Vilhelm , Svendsen Morten B. S. , Steffensen John F. , Abe Augusto S. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
Fast-starts are brief accelerations commonly observed in fish within the context of predator–prey interactions. In typical C-start escape responses, fish react to a threatening stimulus by bending their body into a C-shape during the first muscle contraction (i.e. stage 1) which provides a sudden acceleration away from the stimulus. Recently, similar C-starts have been recorded in fish aiming at a prey. Little is known about C-starts outside the context of predator–prey interactions, though recent work has shown that escape response can also be induced by high temperature. Here, we test the hypothesis that air-breathing fish may use C-starts in the context of gulping air at the surface. Hoplosternum littorale is an air-breathing freshwater catfish found in South America. Field video observations reveal that their air-breathing behaviour consists of air-gulping at the surface, followed by a fast turn which re-directs the fish towards the bottom. Using high-speed video in the laboratory, we compared the kinematics of the turn immediately following air-gulping performed by H. littorale in normoxia with those of mechanically-triggered C-start escape responses and with routine (i.e. spontaneous) turns. Our results show that air-breathing events overlap considerably with escape responses with a large stage 1 angle in terms of turning rates, distance covered and the relationship between these rates. Therefore, these two behaviours can be considered kinematically comparable, suggesting that air-breathing in this species is followed by escape-like C-start motions, presumably to minimise time at the surface and exposure to avian predators. These findings show that C-starts can occur in a variety of contexts in which fish may need to get away from areas of potential danger.
Professorial Reflections: Informal discussions and reflections
Authors: Sellers-Young Barbara , Meyer-Dinkgräfe Daniel 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We open our issue with ‘Professorial Reflections’ – an informal, but nonetheless productive discussion about researching spirituality in dance and performance studies. We aim to offer this type of discussion, between different leading professors in dance and performance studies, in subsequent issues of DMAS. Our intention here is to open dialogue about spirituality in these fields, through informal discussion, with the aim of supporting new areas of research.
Annotation of genomics data using bidirectional hidden Markov models unveils variations in Pol II transcription cycle
Authors: Zacher Benedikt , Lidschreiber Michael , Cramer Patrick , Gagneur Julien , Tresch Achim 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDNA replication, transcription and repair involve the recruitment of protein complexes that change their composition as they progress along the genome in a directed or strand‐specific manner. Chromatin immunoprecipitation in conjunction with hidden Markov models (HMMs) has been instrumental in understanding these processes, as they segment the genome into discrete states that can be related to DNA‐associated protein complexes. However, current HMM‐based approaches are not able to assign forward or reverse direction to states or properly integrate strand‐specific (e.g., RNA expression) with non‐strand‐specific (e.g., ChIP) data, which is indispensable to accurately characterize directed processes. To overcome these limitations, we introduce bidirectional HMMs which infer directed genomic states from occupancy profilesde novo. Application to RNA polymerase II‐associated factors in yeast and chromatin modifications in human T cells recovers the majority of transcribed loci, reveals gene‐specific variations in the yeast transcription cycle and indicates the existence of directed chromatin state patterns at transcribed, but not at repressed, regions in the human genome. In yeast, we identify 32 new transcribed loci, a regulated initiation–elongation transition, the absence of elongation factors Ctk1 and Paf1 from a class of genes, a distinct transcription mechanism for highly expressed genes and novel DNA sequence motifs associated with transcription termination. We anticipate bidirectional HMMs to significantly improve the analyses of genome‐associated directed processes.
Neuropeptide Receptors NPR-1 and NPR-2 RegulateCaenorhabditis elegansAvoidance Response to the Plant Stress Hormone Methyl Salicylate
Authors: Luo Jintao , Xu Zhaofa , Tan Zhiping , Zhang Zhuohua , Ma Long 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMethyl salicylate (MeSa) is a stress hormone released by plants under attack by pathogens or herbivores . MeSa has been shown to attract predatory insects of herbivores and repel pests. The molecules and neurons underlying animal response to MeSa are not known. Here we found that the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits a strong avoidance response to MeSa, which requires the activities of two closely related neuropeptide receptors NPR-1 and NPR-2. Molecular analyses suggest that NPR-1 expressed in the RMG inter/motor neurons is required for MeSa avoidance. An NPR-1 ligand FLP-18 is also required. Using a rescuing npr-2 promoter to drive a GFP transgene, we identified that NPR-2 is expressed in multiple sensory and interneurons. Genetic rescue experiments suggest that NPR-2 expressed in the AIZ interneurons is required for MeSa avoidance. We also provide evidence that the AWB sensory neurons might act upstream of RMGs and AIZs to detect MeSa. Our results suggest that NPR-2 has an important role in regulating animal behavior and that NPR-1 and NPR-2 act on distinct interneurons to affect C. elegans avoidance response to MeSa.
R/qtlcharts: Interactive Graphics for Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping
Authors: Broman Karl W 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Every data visualization can be improved with some level of interactivity. Interactive graphics hold particular promise for the exploration of high-dimensional data. R/qtlcharts is an R package to create interactive graphics for experiments to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) (genetic loci that influence quantitative traits). R/qtlcharts serves as a companion to the R/qtl package, providing interactive versions of R/qtl’s static graphs, as well as additional interactive graphs for the exploration of high-dimensional genotype and phenotype data.
Nitrogen Starvation and TorC1 Inhibition Differentially Affect Nuclear Localization of the Gln3 and Gat1 Transcription Factors Through the Rare Glutamine tRNACUG in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Tate Jennifer J , Rai Rajendra , Cooper Terrance G 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A leucine, leucyl-tRNA synthetase–dependent pathway activates TorC1 kinase and its downstream stimulation of protein synthesis, a major nitrogen consumer. We previously demonstrated, however, that control of Gln3, a transcription activator of catabolic genes whose products generate the nitrogenous precursors for protein synthesis, is not subject to leucine-dependent TorC1 activation. This led us to conclude that excess nitrogen-dependent down-regulation of Gln3 occurs via a second mechanism that is independent of leucine-dependent TorC1 activation. A major site of Gln3 and Gat1 (another GATA-binding transcription activator) control occurs at their access to the nucleus. In excess nitrogen, Gln3 and Gat1 are sequestered in the cytoplasm in a Ure2-dependent manner. They become nuclear and activate transcription when nitrogen becomes limiting. Long-term nitrogen starvation and treatment of cells with the glutamine synthetase inhibitor methionine sulfoximine (Msx) also elicit nuclear Gln3 localization. The sensitivity of Gln3 localization to glutamine and inhibition of glutamine synthesis prompted us to investigate the effects of a glutamine tRNA mutation (sup70-65) on nitrogen-responsive control of Gln3 and Gat1. We found that nuclear Gln3 localization elicited by short- and long-term nitrogen starvation; growth in a poor, derepressive medium; Msx or rapamycin treatment; or ure2Δ mutation is abolished in a sup70-65 mutant. However, nuclear Gat1 localization, which also exhibits a glutamine tRNACUG requirement for its response to short-term nitrogen starvation or growth in proline medium or a ure2Δ mutation, does not require tRNACUG for its response to rapamycin. Also, in contrast with Gln3, Gat1 localization does not respond to long-term nitrogen starvation. These observations demonstrate the existence of a specific nitrogen-responsive component participating in the control of Gln3 and Gat1 localization and their downstream production of nitrogenous precursors. This component is highly sensitive to the function of the rare glutamine tRNACUG, which cannot be replaced by the predominant glutamine tRNACAA. Our observations also demonstrate distinct mechanistic differences between the responses of Gln3 and Gat1 to rapamycin inhibition of TorC1 and nitrogen starvation.
Mediatization of Power: Corporate CEOs in Flexible Capitalism
Authors: Kantola Anu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The present article analyses the mediatization of corporate power with a special focus on the work of the CEO. A review of the literature on the role of the media in corporate management, especially in the work of corporate leaders, shows how the techniques of power in corporate management have become mediatized. Different media have become increasingly important for the work of corporate leaders. More importantly, media have become tools of power. In flexible and soft capitalism, corporate power is exercised using performative and affective techniques aimed at identity and community formation. Consequently, different media are utilized as tools of corporate management and control. With regard to the mediatization of power, the case of corporate management suggests that one should look into the societal and institutional structures of power rather than into the power of the media.
The Legitimacy of Public Service Broadcasting in the 21st Century: The Case of Scandinavia
Authors: Larsen Håkon 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The present paper examines the debate on the future of public service broadcasting (PSB) in Norway and Sweden in the 2000s. I have analysed the discourses on PSB that dominate the public debate in the two countries, the cultural policy related to PSB, as well as the legitimizing rhetoric of the Norwegian public service broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK) and that of the Swedish public service broadcaster Sveriges Television (SVT). Theoretically, the analysis draws on normative theories on the role of PSB in promoting democracy, culture and a well-functioning public sphere, as well as theories on democracy and the public sphere per se.
From Public Relations to Strategic Communication in Sweden: The Emergence of a Transboundary Field of Knowledge
Authors: Falkheimer Jesper , Heide Mats 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In this conceptual article, we argue that strategic communication is a transboundary concept that captures, better than public relations does, the complex phenomenon of an organization's targeted communication processes in contemporary society. The aim of the article is twofold. First, the purpose is to describe and reflect the development and institutionalization of public relations education and research in Sweden. Second, based on the transboundary changes we see in industry, education and research, we argue that strategic communication is a conceptual and holistic framework that is more valid and relevant than public relations. Moreover, we suggest that strategic communication also integrates organizational (internal) communication as well as aspects of management theory and marketing, thus allowing us to understand, explain and criticize contemporary communication processes both inside organizations and between organizations and the surrounding society.
The article is mainly based on secondary data about the public relations industry, earlier research and a mapping of public relations education and research in Sweden.
Social Problems in Canadian Ice Hockey: An Exploration Through Film
Authors: Fogel Curtis A. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
While celebrated as a highly popular sport in Canada, there are many social problems existing within and around Canadian ice hockey. These problems are often overlooked and rarely depicted in academic and journalistic research on sport. These social problems include, but are not limited to: extreme violence resulting in injuries and death, hazing rituals, multiple types of sexual violence, drug abuse, financial corruption, as well as various forms of prejudice and discrimination. Prompted by pop-cultural depictions in films, this paper further identifies and explores social problems in Canadian ice hockey revealing the realism embedded within various seemingly fictional films.
Incentive System in Hungarian High Performance Sport
Authors: Sterbenz Tamás , Gulyás Erika , Kassay Lili 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This study will attempt to describe the role of existing incentives which have a significant effect on Hungarian sport's performance. The aim of the paper is to understand why a large gap has emerged between successful elite sports and the popular but underperforming spectacular sport. According to the concept of dual competition, in addition to sport results, the analyzed fields also concern competition for resources, particularly for the attention of supporters and sponsors. The methodology of the analysis is fundamentally economic in nature; however, qualitative methods are also given emphasis, as the analyzed topic has specific characteristics. Based on new institutional economics, the study presumes that the behavior of organizations is determined by the decisions of bounded rational individuals, and highlights the significance of the created mechanisms and institutions.
New Method of Forced Implantation of Permanent Catheters for Hemodialysis into Critically Stenosed or Occluded Central Veins
Authors: Przywara Stanisław , Iłżecki Marek , Terlecki Piotr , Zubilewicz Tomasz 
Published: December 2014

Abstractwas to report a novel technique of forced implantation of catheters for hemodialysis into critically stenosed or occluded central veins, without preceding angioplasty or stenting.Sixteen patients with central venous occlusive disease, requiring urgent hemodialysis underwent this procedure. Catheterization of stenosis - occlusion was initially performed with soft guidewire, subsequently exchanged to stiff guidewire. Forced insertion of dilators, peel-off sheath throughout the stenosis or occlusion and finally implantation of the catheter completed the procedure. Our technique does not require pre-procedural angioplasty or stent deployment.In all patients postoperative hemodialysis was managed with satisfactory adequacy. No early or late complications related to the procedure occurred. We did not observe any clinically significant aggravation of symptoms of central vein stenosis or occlusion. Complications, not-related to the procedure included one, late skin entry site infection and one, late catheter thrombosis. These were managed without the necessity of catheter exchange.Our technique of forced implantation of catheters for hemodialysis into critically stenosed or occluded central veins without previous balloon predilatation or stenting is simple and diminishes the total cost of the procedure. Provides quick vascular access for hemodialysis in life threatening situations.
Evaluating the Prognostic Value of Selected Prognostic Scales in Patients Operated on Due to Peritonitis
Authors: Paduszyńska Katarzyna , Kaczka Krzysztof , Dworzyńska Agnieszka , Sieniawski Karol , Pomorski Lech 
Published: December 2014

Abstractwas to assess the usefulness of prognostic scales: ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologist), MPI (Meinheim Peritonitis Index), MOFS (the Multiple Organ Failure Score) and SPI (the Simple Prognostic Index) in the prognosis of the course of disease in patients operated on for peritonitis.The study was conducted in the Clinical Department of General and Oncological Surgery of the Medical University in Łódź between January 2009 to December 2010. During this period 263 patients were operated on for peritonitis. Before surgery all patients were classifed into particular groups according to the above mentioned prognostic scales according to their criteria.There were 29 (11%) deaths. ASA ≥4 (p<0.0001), MPI >30 (p<0.0001) MOFS ≥2 (p<0.0001), SPI II, III, IV (p<0.0001) were important risk factors of death.1. ASA, MPI, MOFS and SPI scales are of high signifcance in predicting the outcome in patients operated on for peritonitis. 2. The ASA scale in spite and due to its simplicity is adequate enough to be used in everyday practice in patients operated on for peritonitis. 3. The MPI scale is most suitable in the scientifc aims and in comparing the outcomes of patients operated on for peritonitis.
Gall-Bladder Duplication - Case Report
Authors: Koszman Bogusław 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGall-bladder duplication is a rare anatomical variation, which can affect safe performance of cholecystectomy and be a cause of persistent symptoms and a need for reoperation in case of accessory gall-bladder omission.A case of successfully performed elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with duplicated gall-bladder accidentally intraoperatively disclosed is presented.The identified anomaly was classified according to the Harlaftis Classification of Multiple Gall-bladders. Attention was drawn to the uneffectivenes of ultrasound scanning in multiple gall-bladders preoperative detecting, and presence of other non-biliary anatomical variation in the same individual as well.
Du percept à la décision
Authors: Naceur Abdelmajid 
Published: December 2014

Une question nous a longtemps préoccupé en tant que psychologue de la cognition : comment penser autrement le traitement humain de l’information ? Les recherches avancées en psychologie cognitive sur l’émotion et la motivation viennent à temps pour approfondir notre pensée. Le traitement humain de l’information, représenté dans cet ouvrage par le schéma Percept-Concept-Décision (PCD), pourrait être redéfini à la lumière des connaissances nouvelles et actualisées sur l’implication de la modulation émotionnelle et motivationnelle. Ces deux fonctions nous semblent incontournables dans notre réflexion ambitieuse autour d’un nouveau paradigme de traitement de l’information (le chapitre 1 donnera plus de précisions sur ce point). Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de cette introduction est d’abord de lancer une réflexion sur la manière selon laquelle on peut réviser le schéma global du modèle de traitement de l’information, puis de focaliser sur l’implication du traitement émotionnel dans deux moments forts de notre activité cognitive : la perception et la décision. Nous pensons que l’analyse du cheminement Percept-Concept-Décision (PCD) ne peut plus faire l’économie du traitement émotionnel (TE).
Du percept à la décision
Authors: Silvestrini Nicolas , Gendolla Guido H.E. 
Published: December 2014

De quelle manière et dans quelle mesure notre humeur influence-t-elle notre motivation à réaliser une tâche ? Afin de répondre à ces questions, ce chapitre présente un modèle permettant de faire des prédictions sur l’influence de l’humeur sur la mobilisation de l’effort : le « mood-behavior-model » (MBM ; Gendolla, 2000). Tout d’abord, ce modèle postule que les humeurs n’ont pas d’implications stables et spécifiques mais que leurs effets dépendent plutôt du contexte dans lequel elles interviennent. Ainsi, dans des contextes demandant un effort, par exemple pendant une tâche cognitive, il est prédit que les humeurs influencent l’évaluation de la difficulté subjective de la tâche qui détermine à son tour la mobilisation des ressources (voir Brehm et Self, 1989). En plus de cet impact informationnel de l’humeur, le modèle prédit également un impact directif sur les préférences comportementales pour des actions permettant une régulation de l’humeur. Selon le MBM, ces deux impacts, informationnel et directif, interagissent entre eux pour déterminer le niveau d’effort mobilisé dans une tâche. Après une présentation théorique des concepts utilisés et du MBM, la suite de ce chapitre décrit des études empiriques illustrant et supportant les prédictions du modèle. Des recherches récentes sur l’influence des affects implicites sur la mobilisation de l’effort sont présentées à la fin du chapitre.
Du percept à la décision
Authors: Vieillard Sandrine , Pijoff Alexa 
Published: December 2014

Ces dernières années, un intérêt considérable s’est développé autour de l’impact du vieillissement sur le traitement des émotions. Avec l’avancée en âge, des modifications importantes des processus émotionnels surviennent. Pour étudier ce phénomène, peu d’études ont utilisé un vecteur puissant pour les émotions : la musique. Cette recherche visait à tester, en tenant compte du déclin des ressources cognitives, si le vieillissement normal affecte la perception, la structure psychologique et la mémorisation des émotions musicales. Cinquante participants jeunes et âgés ont jugé le niveau d’arousal, la valence et leur préférence pour 40 stimuli musicaux exprimant la joie, l’apaisement, la tristesse et la menace. Une tâche de catégorisation libre consistant à regrouper les stimuli émotionnellement similaires et une tâche de reconnaissance incidente ont également été réalisées. Les résultats ont montré que, par rapport aux jeunes, les aînés avaient une perception moindre du niveau de stimulation des extraits menaçants. Leurs jugements de valence et d’arousal étaient fortement corrélés, suggérant une dé-différenciation des processus émotionnels. Une analyse multidimensionnelle a révélé une structure des émotions très éclatée – à l’exception de la joie – ne coïncidant pas avec la structure bidimensionnelle arousal-valence observée chez les jeunes. Enfin, en accord avec l’hypothèse d’un désengagement des situations désagréables, les performances de reconnaissance pour les extraits menaçants étaient moins bonnes chez les aînés que chez les jeunes.