bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life measures and psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus and familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Düzçeker Yasemin , Kanbur Nuray Ö. , Demirkaya Erkan , Derman Orhan , Moorthy Lakshmi N. , Özen Seza 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Purpose: To describe the relation between global Quality of Life (QL) and psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), and to analyze the perceptions of parents and adolescents.
Methods: This study included 51 adolescents diagnosed with SLE (n=25) and FMF (n=26), and 51 healthy adolescents. The Health Related QL (HRQL) of SLE patients was rated by parents and adolescents using the Simple Measurement of Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters© (SMILEY©). The global QL of FMF patients and healthy adolescents was rated by the response given to the first question of the SMILEY© by each parent and adolescent. All participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), which measures psychiatric symptoms.
Results: In total, 92.3% with FMF, 56% with SLE and 76.5% of healthy adolescents reported their global QL as good and very good using the first question of the SMILEY©. The global QL perceptions of adolescents and their parents did not correlate (FMF, p=0.94; SLE, p=0.16). SLE patients had the highest rate of depression (54.2%), whereas hostility was detected among 54.9% of healthy adolescents. Significant relations were detected between BSI and SMILEY© scores.
Conclusion: The global QL perceptions of adolescents with FMF were better than those of healthy adolescents, which may be explained by their perceived relief of anguish they suffer during their short-lived attacks. The global QL perceptions of adolescents with SLE were the worst, most probably due to the chronic course resulting in an awareness of limitations and intense treatment. Adolescents with SLE had similar psychopathological symptom scores when compared with FMF patients and healthy adolescents. This could be explained by developing resilience. Differences in the perception of adolescents versus their parents regarding global QL emphasized the importance of adolescent-specific interviews for chronic illnesses and multidisciplinary follow-up with adolescent medicine.
Iodine Uptake and Prostate Cancer in the TRAMP Mouse Model
Authors: Olvera-Caltzontzin Paloma , Delgado Guadalupe , Aceves Carmen , Anguiano Brenda 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIodine supplementation exerts antitumor effects in several types of cancer. Iodide (I−) and Iodine (I2) reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP and DU-145). Both chemical species decrease tumor growth in athymic mice xenografted with DU-145 cells. The aim of this study was to analyze the uptake and effects of iodine in a preclinical model of prostate cancer (transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate [TRAMP] mice/SV40-TAG antigens), which develops cancer by 12 wks of age. 125I− and 125I2 uptake was analyzed in prostates from wild-type and TRAMP mice of 12 and 24 wks in the presence of perchlorate (inhibitor of the Na+/I− symporter [NIS]). NIS expression was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Mice (6 wks old) were supplemented with 0.125 mg I− plus 0.062 mg I2/mouse/day for 12 or 24 wks. The weight of the genitourinary tract (GUT), the number of acini with lesions, cell proliferation (levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA] by immunohistochemistry), p53 and p21 expression (by qPCR) and apoptosis (relative amount of nucleosomes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were evaluated. In both age-groups, normal and tumoral prostates take up both forms of iodine, but only I− uptake was blocked by perchlorate. Iodine supplementation prevented the overexpression of NIS in the TRAMP mice, but had no effect on the GUT weight, cell phenotype, proliferation or apoptosis. In TRAMP mice, iodine increased p53 expression but had no effect on p21 (a p53-dependent gene). Our data corroborate NIS involvement in I− uptake and support the notion that another transporter mediates I2 uptake. Iodine did not prevent cancer progression. This result could be explained by a strong inactivation of the p53 pathway by TAG antigens.
Professional Investor Relations within the Firm
Authors: Kirk Marcus P. , Vincent James D. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT:
This paper investigates the effect of investments in internal investor relations (IR) departments on firm outcomes. We find that companies initiating internal professional IR experience increases in disclosure, analyst following, institutional investor ownership, liquidity, and market valuation relative to a matched sample of control firms. We also examine the differential impact the exogenous shock of Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD) had on firms with an established professional IR department. We find these IR firms more than doubled their level of public disclosure post-Reg FD. Despite IR firms losing a potential communications channel following Reg FD adoption, we find they did not suffer adversely and instead show a post-Reg FD increase in analyst following, institutional investors, and liquidity relative to a control sample of similar non-IR firms. This implies that the effectiveness of professionalized internal IR increased post-Reg FD consistent with IR firms being relatively better positioned to navigate the more complicated regulatory environment.
JEL Classifications: D82; M41; G11; G12; G14; G24
Data Availability: Data are publicly available from the sources identified in the paper with the exception of the membership data from the National Investor Relations Institute, which is a proprietary dataset.
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanostructures obtained in mixtures of ionic liquids with organic solvents
Authors: Oprea Ovidiu , Ciocirlan Oana , Badanoiu Alina , Vasile Eugeniu 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized in mixtures of ionic liquids based on imidazolium cation with organic solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide and ethylene glycol) by a simple, one-step solution route at low temperature. The effect of these mixtures on the morphology, size and properties of as obtained ZnO nanopowders was investigated. The obtained nanopowders have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL). The effect of the ionic liquid mixture on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue has been analysed. The XRD studies confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the obtained ZnO powder. The UV-Vis absorption spectra present the typical shape for ZnO, with a broad band situated in the UV region, with the maximum around 360 nm. The calculated band-gap energy is in interval 3.25–3.28 eV. The synthesized ZnO nanopowders have high photocatalytic activity against methylene blue, the best results being obtained when 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate was used as the solvent.
Synthesis, characterization, and application of a new tripodal ligand for the preparation of LSCF(6482) perovskite
Authors: Taheri Zahra , Ghanbari Bahram , Hajibabaei Hamed 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe main aim of this paper was to study the effect of a new tripodal chelating agent on La1−x SrxCo1−y FeyO3−δ perovskite prepared by the complexation method. For this purpose, a phenolic derivative of glycine (L) was synthesized applying the Mannich reaction and characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopies as well as by elemental analysis. To evaluate the complexation capability of L, its formation constants with the perovskite cations were measured. Comparison of these results with those reported for the complexaion with glycine, introduced L as a good candidate for the complexation with Fe(III) and La(III) cations. Furthermore, the powder XRD observations confirmed an improvement in the perovskite formation in the presence of L.
Valorisation of bio-oil resulting from fast pyrolysis of wood
Authors: Vanderauwera Paul , Wambeke Dorine 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBio-oil resulting from the pyrolysis of lignocellulose is a complex mixture of polar low molecular mass oxygenated compounds of various functionalities and non-polar high molecular mass lignin derivatives. Several approaches to the upgrading of bio-oil are currently in progress. This study investigates the valorisation of crude bio-oil using physical and chemical methods. The effects of methanol addition on some properties of the bio-oil are investigated. Stable bio-oil/diesel oil emulsions are produced by the addition of surfactants with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of 5–6. An alternative approach towards the upgrading of bio-oil is the hydrotreatment of the water-soluble fraction of bio-oil. Two-stage hydroprocessing with noble-metal catalysts Ru/C and Pt/C increases the intrinsic hydrogen content of the water-soluble fraction. The results show that the thermally unstable components including sugars, ketones and aldehydes are readily converted to diols and alcohols at pressures of 5 MPa. These observations can be explained by a set of reaction pathways for the compounds identified.
Behavioral problems in school children as recognized by untrained teachers
Authors: Sharma N , Sharma VD 
Published: January 2014

Introduction: Behavior problems in a student at school interfere with his lessons and may disturb other students. In spite of teacher’s best effort, not all children rise up to the expectations. Behavioral problems are a major challenge for teachers. This study was undertaken with the aim of looking into the awareness of teachers into the existence of psychological problems in their students and to find out the type of problem present in the student. Materials and Method: This study was conducted in various districts of western region when the primary author was conducting teachers training for mental health project during the period of 2001 to 2003. Questionnaire developed during the first stage of research was used in the second part. Semi-structured interview was done with 212 teachers (from Eastern Terai, Western Terai and the mid hills) dealing with 23,320 students to find the different symptoms suggesting emotional and behavioural problem. Results:Out of the total 23320 students indirectly covered in the study, 8999 (38.58%) were found to have some sort of psychological problem. ‘Slow learners’ was reported to be present by 77.83% of teachers in 4.98% of their students, suddenly degrading school performance was reported by 75% of teachers in 3.65% of students.Conclusion: An average school teacher in Nepalese government schools can identify behavioural problems in their classroom. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i2.9722 J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol.2, No.2, 2013 26-28
Endogenous and exogenous hormone exposure and the risk of meningioma in men
Authors: Schildkraut Joellen M. , Calvocoressi Lisa , Wang Frances , Wrensch Margaret , Bondy Melissa L. , Wiemels Joseph L. , Claus Elizabeth B. 
Published: January 2014

Object
Meningioma is a disease with considerable morbidity and is more commonly diagnosed in females than in males. Hormonally related risk factors have long been postulated to be associated with meningioma risk, but no examination of these factors has been undertaken in males.

Methods
Subjects were male patients with intracranial meningioma (n = 456), ranging in age from 20 to 79 years, who were diagnosed among residents of the states of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and North Carolina, the San Francisco Bay Area, and 8 counties in Texas and matched controls (n = 452). Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between hormonal factors and meningioma risk in men.

Results
Use of soy and tofu products was inversely associated with meningioma risk (OR 0.50 [95% CI 0.37–0.68]). Increased body mass index (BMI) appears to be associated with an approximately 2-fold increased risk of developing meningioma in men. No other single hormone–related exposure was found to be associated with meningioma risk, although the prevalence of exposure to factors such as orchiectomy and vasectomy was very low.

Conclusions
Estrogen-like exogenous exposures, such as soy and tofu, may be associated with reduced risk of meningioma in men. Endogenous estrogen–associated factors such as high BMI may increase risk. Examination of other exposures related to these factors may lead to better understanding of mechanisms and potentially to intervention.
Predicting endoscopic third ventriculostomy success in childhood hydrocephalus: an artificial neural network analysis
Authors: Azimi Parisa , Mohammadi Hasan Reza 
Published: January 2014

Object
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used as a measure for the clinical decision-making process. The aim of this study was to develop an ANN model to predict endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) success at 6 months and to compare the findings with those obtained using traditional predictive measures in childhood hydrocephalus.

Methods
The ANN, ETV Success Score (ETVSS), CURE Children's Hospital of Uganda (CCHU) ETV (CCHU ETV) Success Score, and logistic regression models were applied to predict outcomes. The cause of hydrocephalus, patient age, whether choroid plexus cauterization (CPC) was performed, previous shunt surgery, sex, type of hydrocephalus, and body weight were considered as input variables for an established ANN model. Data from hydrocephalic children who underwent ETV were applied, and the computer program that analyzes the data was trained to predict successful ETV by using several input variables. Successful ETV outcome was defined as the absence of ETV failure within 6 months of follow-up. Then, sensitivity analysis was performed for the established ANN model to identify the most important variables that predict outcome. The area under a receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy rate of the prediction, and Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics were measured to test different prediction models.

Results
Data for 168 patients (80 males and 88 females; mean age 1.4 ± 2.6 years) were analyzed. Data from patients were divided into 3 groups: a training group (n = 84), a testing group (n = 42), and a validation group (n = 42). The successful ETV outcome rate, defined as the absence of ETV failure within 6 months of follow-up, was 47%. Etiology, age, CPC status, type of hydrocephalus, and previous shunt placement were the most important variables that were indicated by the ANN analysis. Compared with the ETVSS, CCHU ETV Success Score, and the logistic regression models, the ANN model showed better results, with an accuracy rate of 95.1%, a Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic of 41.2, and an area under the curve of 0.87.

Conclusions
The findings show that ANNs can predict ETV success at 6 months with a high level of accuracy in childhood hydrocephalus. The authors' results will need to be confirmed with further prospective studies.
A Systematic Review of the Use of Atazanavir in Women Infected with HIV-1
Authors: Johnson Margaret , Walmsley Sharon , Haberl Annette 
Published: January 2014

Background Despite increasing numbers of women with HIV worldwide, females are under-represented in clinical trials of antiretrovirals and literature addressing gender differences in clinical outcomes, treatment discontinuation, adverse events and adherence are limited. Most recommendations specific to women in current guidelines relate to pregnant women or women wishing to become pregnant. The purpose of this systematic review is to provide clinicians with an overview of available literature regarding the use of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) in women. Methods The online databases PubMed and EMBASE, HIV-related conference abstracts and reference lists of relevant articles were searched according to predefined terms and limited to items published from 1 October 2007 to 1 October 2012. Updates to conference presentations were checked for substantive journal publication up to 28 November 2013. Results Of the 294 initial citations retrieved, manual selection identified 19 relevant publications describing gender-based analyses of ATV/r. Publications describing gender-based differences in efficacy, safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, drug–drug interactions and adherence are critically evaluated. Conclusions As part of a combination antiretroviral therapy regimen, ATV/r appears to be a safe, effective and durable option for treatment-naive and early treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 infection, including non-pregnant and pregnant women.
Bisphosphonates and the field of dentistry
Authors: Tanwir Farzeen , Mirza Ali Abid , Tauseef Dania , Mahar Amber 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBisphosphonates are the drugs used to prevent loss of bone and to treat bone diseases and conditions that feature bone fragility. Bisphosphonates, according to the potency levels, are divided into three generations and potency levels have increased with successive generations and, according to mechanism of action, they are divided into Non-nitrogenous and Nitrogenous bisphosphonates. Clinically, nitrogen containing bisphosphonates are more potent. Oral bisphosphonates are safer than intravenous infusion. Oral bisphosphonates may cause recurrent ulcers with burning sensation and blisters in the oral cavity, while intravenous bisphosphonates may cause renal failure. The most serious complication of intravenous bisphosphonates is osteonecrosis of jaw bones especially after tooth extraction. Endodontic therapy is not a significant risk factor for promoting bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis, so endodontic therapy can be an alternative to tooth extraction when possible. Regarding treatment, parathyroid hormone can be helpful because it stimulates bone formation by promoting bone turnover.
Periodontal status of Tibetan refugees residing in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Mahajan Poonam , Veeresha K. L. , Mahajan Ajay 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Objective: Oral health is an integral part of the general health, however, oral health has been given lower priority than other health problems especially among the underprivileged refugee population. Out of total refugees in the world, 70% of the refugees belong to Tibet. This study was taken up to assess the periodontal status and treatment needs of Tibetans residing in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India and to explore and suggest better oral health care delivery to them. Materials and Methods: Tibetans above the age of 12 years were included in this cross-sectional study. American Dental Association (ADA) Type-3 examination was conducted. Data regarding demography and oral health practices was recorded on a structured format. For recording periodontal status and treatment need index was used. The data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. Results: A total of 550 subjects were examined for CPITN. Maximum subjects 266 (48.3%) had a CPITN score of 2 (Calculus and other plaque retentive factors). 27% (149) subjects had healthy peridontium. Female periodontal status was worse than males. It was also found that mean number of healthy sextants was higher in subjects who brush twice a day (3.5) when compared to those who brush once a day (2.4). Conclusion: The study revealed poor periodontal status among Tibetans and dental treatment requirement steadily increased with the advancement of age and was also related to other factors like poverty, education, and their tough life where oral health is given no priority.
Pigmented natal teeth
Authors: Saruhan Nesrin , Demirci Tevfik , Yalcin Ertan 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe presence of teeth at birth or within a month post-delivery is a rare condition. The exact etiology has not been proved yet, but there is a correlation between natal teeth and hereditary, environmental factors and some syndromes. A newborn 3-day-old male, with two mandibular incisor natal teeth was examined. The teeth were mobile and were extracted because of the fear of aspiration and refusal to feed. In this report, we present a case of pigmented natal teeth in mandible and treatment with extraction.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: An Autopsy Study
Authors: Sachdev Suchet , Pandit Shobhana Pravin 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
To find out prevalence and the associated predisposing etiologic conditions of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) amongst autopsied cases.

Setting and design
The present study was a retrospective analysis of 125 cases of ARDS obtained at autopsy over a span of 4 years from 2000-2003.

Materials and methods
Data was retrieved from the postmortem record of the pathology department and the medical record department. A review of histology slides was done with diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) as the correlate of ARDS at histopathology.

Results
Prevalence of ARDS amongst autopsied cases was 3.15%. There were 60% cases in adult age group and of male gender; whereas 40% were children and of female gender. Almost 90% of cases succumbed to ARDS within a week of admission. The most common presenting features were of the respiratory system. The most common predisposing etiologic association was leptospirosis, septicemia and pneumonia.

Conclusion
Systemic infections were the most common predisposing etiologic conditions of ARDS at autopsy.

How to cite this article
Sachdev S, Pandit SP. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: An Autopsy Study. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2014;48(1):8-13.
A Methodology to Integrate Security and Cost-Effectiveness in ATM
Authors: Matarese Francesca , Montefusco Patrizia , Neves José , Rocha André 
Published: January 2014

The objective of this paper is the definition of a new methodology for carrying out security risk assessment in the air traffic management (ATM) domain so as to enhance security awareness and integrate secure and cost-effective design objectives. This process is carried out by modelling the system, identifying the assets, threats and vulnerabilities, prioritizing the threats and proposing cost-effective countermeasures for the weaknesses found. ATM security is concerned with securing ATM assets in order to prevent threats and limit their effects on the overall aviation network. This effect limitation can be achieved by removing the vulnerability from the system and/or increasing the tolerance in case of component failures due to attacks. The security risk assessment methodology proposed is based on what is currently being done by the industry (the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Standard Organization (ISO), etc.).
Análisis iconográfico de la publicidad audiovisual de perfumes
Authors: Fernández Fernández Paloma , Baños González Miguel , García García Francisco 
Published: January 2014

La publicidad como crisol en el que se combinan elementos de nuestra cultura visible con conceptos e imágenes inconscientes, es analizada en esta investigación para conocer los elementos retóricos y narrativos que posibilitan que el mensaje sea más completo y universal que el anuncio de un producto o marca. En los anuncios del sector de la perfumería se aprecian relatos de gran complejidad que, siguiendo la teoría de los arquetipos de C. G. Jung, se concretan en modelos humanos intemporales. El modelo de análisis desarrollado se aplica al caso del anuncio del perfume J’Adore de Dior emitido entre 2008-12, evidenciando la utilización de recursos estilísticos y retóricos en un relato que se construye en torno al mito de Afrodita como materialización del concepto de la creatividad a través de la belleza y la sensualidad. El modelo de análisis analiza el contenido y la forma del discurso publicitario.