bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Description of outcome and adverse events in 21 cats with locally advanced nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma treated with electrochemotherapy
Authors: Ferrer-Jorda Elena , Rodríguez-Pizà Ignacio 
Published: July 2024

Objectives Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common tumour in the nasal planum of cats. Surgery has traditionally been the treatment of choice but might not be feasible in locally advanced scenarios. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has shown good control in superficial tumours, but there is a lack of robust information about efficacy in locally advanced cases. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of ECT in the treatment of locally advanced stage nasal planum SCC in cats. Methods The clinical database of a veterinary referral hospital was searched retrospectively for cats diagnosed with a locally advanced nasal planum SCC (T3N0M0 or T4N0M0) that had received ECT. Local response, adverse events and outcome were documented. The data were evaluated by inferential statistics and correlations between response, recurrence, feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukaemia virus status, number of treatments, voltage and severity of adverse events, with Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. Statistical significance was set at P <0.05. Results In total, 21 cats were enrolled over a 4-year period. Nineteen cats achieved a complete response (CR) and two cats a partial response (PR) for an overall response rate of 100%. Cats achieving a CR had a median disease-free interval of 182 days (range 128–327) and those with a PR had a median progression-free survival of 156.5 days (range 122–191). The median time to progression was not reached. The overall survival was 453 days for a median follow-up of 341 days (range 191–989). Of the cats, 62% had grade 3 or 4 toxicities, but no deaths due to the treatment were documented. Only voltage was correlated with longer survival ( P = 0.001). Conclusions and relevance ECT appears to be an effective treatment for feline nasal planum SCC and could be considered a first-line therapy for locally advanced cases. Toxicities reported can be severe in the short term and these could be secondary to more invasive lesions and equipment used.
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in seven cats with respiratory failure
Authors: Her Jiwoong , Verwaerde Patrick , Baker Chloe E , Allaouchiche Bernard , Pouzot-Nevoret Céline 
Published: July 2024

Case series summaryThis case series describes seven cats that were treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNOT). Seven cats were prospectively (n = 5) or retrospectively (n = 2) included from three veterinary university referral centers between March 2020 and September 2023. Data on signalment, medical history, clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment administered, response to HFNOT and outcomes were recorded. All cats included in this case series failed to respond to oxygen cage or flow-by oxygen therapy and were subsequently transitioned to HFNOT. After this transition, these cats demonstrated a marked improvement in respiratory parameters, including respiratory rate, effort and oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry, within 1 h of initiating HFNOT. All cats tolerated HFNOT well without any complications.Relevance and novel informationThere is limited literature reporting the use of HFNOT in feline patients. This is the first case series in the literature of HFNOT utilized as an advanced oxygen delivery method for feline respiratory failure. This case series indicates that HFNOT improves oxygenation in feline patients that fail to respond to conventional oxygen therapy.
Effect of oral administration of pregabalin on physiological and echocardiographic variables in healthy cats
Authors: Li Meng , Wu Yue , Chen Hangbin , Xu Xinyi , Peng Haojie , Wei Bingyan , Zhu Yunjie , Yang Zhen 
Published: July 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of oral pregabalin (PGB) for sedation and its impact on physiological and echocardiographic variables in healthy cats. Methods This study was a randomised, blinded, crossover trial. Eight cats were randomly assigned to receive PGB or placebo, with a 1-week washout period between each administration. Cats in the treatment group received oral PGB at varying doses (low dose: 2.5 mg/kg, medium dose: 5 mg/kg, high dose: 10 mg/kg). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR) and sedation score were measured at intervals of 30 mins after administration. Echocardiography was performed 120 mins after administration. Results Oral administration of PGB 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg significantly increased sedation scores starting at 150 mins, while 10 mg/kg PGB showed a significant increase in sedation scores starting at 120 mins compared with placebo. PGB 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg resulted in a significant reduction in SBP compared with placebo, with minimal impact on PR and RR. In addition, PGB 10 mg/kg resulted in significant changes in the peak velocity of late diastolic transmitral flow (A) and the ratio of peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral flow and A; however, these changes were of marginal clinical significance. Conclusions and relevance A single dose of oral PGB could cause mild to moderate sedation. Hypotension was more prevalent in the PGB 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg groups among the majority of cats, but it was less frequently observed in the PGB 2.5 mg/kg group.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on BMI in youth living with HIV
Authors: Mogasala Saiteja , Helzer Catherine , Welch Robert D , Secord Elizabeth , McGrath Eric 
Published: July 2024

Background: Many youth saw a rise in body mass index and obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic associated with virtual schooling and a lack of physical exercise options due to lockdown orders. However, the impact of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic on body mass index in HIV-infected youth on anti-viral therapy has not been studied. Objective: This study examined COVID-19’s impact on body mass index in 157 behaviorally acquired and 39 perinatally acquired youth living with HIV. Methods: Retrospective chart analysis was conducted for body mass index records across pre-COVID, COVID, and post-COVID periods. Results: Age and acquired type showed significant associations with increased body mass index. Limitations included missing data and physiological body mass index changes. Conclusion: The perinatally acquired group’s body mass index increased by 1.6 during and 2.3 post-pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. Longitudinal follow-up of body mass index changes is needed in this vulnerable population.
Comparison of Classically and Machine Learning Generated Survival Prediction Models for Patients With Spinal Metastasis - A meta-Analysis of Two Recently Developed Algorithms
Authors: Yen Hung-Kuan , Lin Wei-Hsin , Groot Olivier Quinten , Chen Chih-Wei , Yang Jiun-Jen , Bongers Michiel Erik Reinier , Karhade Aditya , Shah Akash , Yang Tse-Chuan , Bindels Bas JJ , Dai Shih-Hsiang , Verlaan Jorrit-Jan , Schwab Joseph , Yang Shu-Hua , Hornicek Francis J. , Hu Ming-Hsiao 
Published: July 2024

Study Design A systemic review and a meta-analysis. We also provided a retrospective cohort for validation in this study. Objective (1) Using a meta-analysis to determine the pooled discriminatory ability of The Skeletal Oncology Research Group (SORG) classical algorithm (CA) and machine learning algorithms (MLA); and (2) test the hypothesis that SORG-CA has less variability in performance than SORG-MLA in non-American validation cohorts as SORG-CA does not incorporates regional-specific variables such as body mass index as input. Methods After data extraction from the included studies, logit-transformation was applied for extracted AUCs for further analysis. The discriminatory abilities of both algorithms were directly compared by their logit (AUC)s. Further subgroup analysis by region (America vs non-America) was also conducted by comparing the corresponding logit (AUC). Results The pooled logit (AUC)s of 90-day SORG-CA was .82 (95% confidence interval [CI], .53-.11), 1-year SORG-CA was 1.11 (95% CI, .74-1.48), 90-day SORG-MLA was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.09-1.63), and 1-year SORG-MLA was 1.57 (95% CI, 1.17-1.98). All the algorithms performed better in United States than in Taiwan ( P < .001). The performance of SORG-CA was less influenced by a non-American cohort than SORG-MLA. Conclusion These observations might highlight the importance of incorporating region-specific variables into existing models to make them generalizable to racially or geographically distinct regions.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease as a Risk Factor for Complications and Revisions Following Lumbar Discectomy
Authors: Zhang Yi , Chi Jialun , Manley Brock , Oh Eunha , Yang Hanzhi , Wang Jesse , Li Xudong 
Published: July 2024

Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objectives Patients with IBD are at an increased risk for postoperative complications following surgery. The goal of this study is to investigate if inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a risk factor for complications following lumbar discectomy. Methods We identified IBD patients who underwent lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and matched to them with controls without IBD in a1:5 ratio. We excluded patients with a history of spinal injury, cancer, infection, trauma, or surgery to remove the digestive tract. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to compare postoperative outcomes, including 90-day complications, 90-day emergency department visits, and 90-day readmissions. In addition, 2-year re-discectomy rates and a 3-year lumbar fusion rate were compared between the cohorts. Results After applying the study criteria, we identified 6134 IBD patients with LDH for further analysis. With the exception of dura tears, patients with IBD had significantly higher rates of medical complications, incision-related complications, ED visits, and readmission rates compared to patients without IBD, especially for the 2-year and 3-year rates of disc recurrence and revision surgery. Conclusions Patients with IBD who underwent lumbar discectomy are at a significantly higher rate of complications. Therefore, spine surgeons and other health care providers should be aware of this higher risk associated with IBD patients and properly treat the patients’ IBD before surgery to lower these risks.
At-Risk Tackling Techniques and Effectiveness in English Premiership Rugby
Authors: Moore Brady P. , Doucet Dakota , Dow Bobby , Vemu Sree M. , Hirase Takashi , Marco Rex A.W. 
Published: July 2024

Background: Head-down tackling has been associated with higher rates of head and neck injuries and less successful tackles compared with head-up tackling in American football. In rugby, head and neck injuries have been associated with tackling, with the tackler’s head positioned in front of the ball carrier. Purpose: To assess the success and risks of tackling techniques used in the English Rugby Premiership matches. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Three reviewers analyzed 1000 consecutive solo defensive tackling attempts during the 2022 to 2023 season in 6 English Rugby Premiership matches. Slow-motion replays were used to analyze the success of the tackling attempt in terms of head angulation (head up vs head down), head position relative to the offensive player’s waist at point of contact, and tackling method (inside shoulder, arm, head across the bow, and head-to-head). The chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used to analyze categorical data, and the 2-tailed Student t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze continuous data. Results: The mean interrater reliabilities for analyzing the tackles were good across all groups (κ = 0.715). Head-up and head-down tackling occurred in 848 tackle attempts (84.8%) and 152 tackle attempts (15.2%), respectively. Head-up tackles were successful in 80.7% of the tackle attempts compared with 71.1% of the head-down tackle attempts ( P = .0072). Tackles made at or above the waist were successful in 80.7% of the tackle attempts compared with 73.1% of tackles below the waist ( P = .0193). The inside-shoulder technique had the highest successful tackle rate at 90.8%, compared with 44.2% with the arm technique ( P < .0001) and 72.4% with the head-across-the-bow technique ( P < .0001). The inside-shoulder technique resulted in head-up tackling in 84.8% of players compared with 59.8% with the head-across-the-bow technique ( P < .0001) and 94.9% with arm tackling ( P = .0001). There were 4 recorded injuries to the tackler: 2 neck injuries, 1 shoulder injury, and 1 wrist/hand injury. Conclusion: Head-up tackling, tackles made at or above the level of the offensive player’s waist, and inside-shoulder tackling were found to be more efficient in producing successful tackles. The head-down, tackling below the waist, and head-across-the-bow techniques were associated with poor tackling and lower success rates.
Effect of Ellipsoidal Particle Shape on Tribological Properties of Lubricants Containing Nanoparticles
Authors: Pan Ling , Li Zhi , Chen Yunhui , Lin Guobin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdding nanoparticles can significantly improve the tribological properties of lubricants. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the influence of nanoparticle shape on lubrication performance. In this work, the influence of diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) on the tribological properties of lubricants is investigated through friction experiments. Additionally, the friction characteristics of lubricants regarding ellipsoidal particle shape are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results show that DNPs can drastically lower the lubricant's friction coefficient μ from 0.21 to 0.117. The shearing process reveals that as the aspect ratio (α) of the nanoparticles approaches 1.0, the friction performance improves, and wear on the wall diminishes. At the same time, the shape of the nanoparticles tends to be spherical. When 0.85 ≤ α ≤ 1.0, rolling is ellipsoidal particles' main form of motion, and the friction force changes according to a periodic sinusoidal law. In the range of 0.80 ≤ α < 0.85, ellipsoidal particles primarily exhibit sliding as the dominant movement mode. As α decreases within this range, the friction force progressively increases. The friction coefficient μ calculated through MD simulation is 0.128, which is consistent with the experimental data.
Mortality and morbidity associated with new onset acute kidney injury in critically ill COVID-19 infection patients
Authors: Fischer Nina , Miao Xinfei , Weck Danielle , Matalon Jacob , Neeki Cameron C. , Pennington Troy , Dong Fanglong , Arabian Sarkis , Neeki Michael M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The recent global pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 resulted in a high rate of multi-organ failure and mortality in a large patient population across the world. As such, a possible correlation between acute kidney injury (AKI) and increased mortality rate in these patients has been suggested in literature.

Methods
This is a two-year retrospective study of critically ill adult patients infected with COVID-19 that were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) on ventilatory support. Two groups of patients were identified in this study, those who were directly admitted to the ICU or those who were initially admitted to the Medical Floor and were later transferred to the ICU due to either worsening respiratory status or change in their hemodynamic conditions. Within each group, three subgroups were created based on the status of AKI, namely, those who did not develop AKI, those who developed AKI, and those who with previous history of dialysis dependent AKI.

Results
The AKI subgroup had the highest mortality rate in the ICU and Floor patients. Of note, those patients who were directly admitted to the Floor and were later transferred to the ICU for worsening conditions also experienced a higher mortality rate if they had developed AKI during their course of hospital stay.

Conclusions
This study identified a statistically significant higher mortality in patients who developed AKI than those who did not develop AKI among critically ill patients.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov registration number NCT05964088. Date of registration: July 24 2023.
Handling social considerations and the needs of different groups in public transport planning: a review of definitions, methods, and knowledge gaps
Authors: Hrelja Robert , Levin Lena , Camporeale Rosalia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses the integration of social considerations into public transport planning. It addresses the challenge of balancing social benefits against objectives such as efficiency and cost minimization. Through a literature review, this paper examines methods for assessing public transport accessibility for potentially disadvantaged groups and identifies knowledge gaps in existing research. The analysis reveals a predominant focus on post-implementation (ex-post) accessibility assessments and a lack of research examining potential impacts (ex-ante) during planning stages. Furthermore, the paper identifies a lack of research on how to weigh social benefits against other more conventional objectives such as efficiency and cost minimization and also against environmental considerations. Research usually proposes changes ex-post based solely on a desire to improve accessibility for potentially disadvantaged groups. Therefore, there is a need for more research on how to manage conflicting interests in planning, for example through composite methods. The paper also highlights the tendency of research to overlook the practical usability of methods developed. The relevance of methods to policy makers and planners responsible for planning public transport systems remains largely unexplored. To develop practically useful methods, research needs a better understanding of the norms governing planning practices. It is common to discuss how the mobility needs of potentially disadvantaged passenger groups should be met in isolation from policy contexts. More research is needed about how the potential tensions between social, economic, and environmental considerations play out in public transport planning practices. All of this leads to a risk of a theory–practice gap, marked by a disconnect between research and the practical needs of the public transport providers. By proposing a more nuanced research approach that better reflects the complexity of real-world planning and the different needs of user groups, research can enable public transport planning for what we term ‘sustainable accessibility’.
Correlation between hyperuricemia and thickened left ventricular wall in hypertensive young adults
Authors: Wang Na , Lin Weihong , Chen Xiaoli , Wu Gaojun , Fang Danhong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In this study, we examine the association between the hyperuricemia(HU) and hypertension(HTN) in Chinese young adults. Besides, the correlation between the occurrence of thickened left ventricular wall and HU was identified in patients with HTN.

Methods
In all, 360 patients with HTN and 1991 young adults with normal blood pressure(NBP) were enrolled in the study. Participant characteristics were collected. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression tests were utilized to identify the correlation between the presence of HU and HTN, and the correlation between the occurrence of thickened ventricular septum and HU in patients with HTN.

Results
The prevalence of HU in Chinese young adults with HTN was significantly higher than young adults with NBP(36.39% vs. 16.93%). Univariable analyses revealed that 8 factors were related with the presence of HTN with p value < 0.001, including HU, male, body mass index(BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2, total cholesterol(TC) > 5.17mmol/L, triglyceride(TG) > 1.70mmol/L, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) < 1.0mmol/L, fasting blood glucose(FBG) > 6.10mmol/L and fatty liver. After adjusting these covariates, multivariable analysis revealed that HU[odds ratio(OR):1.47, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.10–1.95, p = 0.008] remained independent association with HTN in young adults. Additionally, univariable and multivariable logistic analyses revealed that HU kept the independent effect on the presence of thickened interventricular septum(adjusted OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.05–3.11, P = 0.03) and thickened left ventricular posterior wall(adjusted OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.28–4.08, P = 0.005) in young adults with HTN.

Conclusion
HU was independently associated with HTN in young adults. HU was independently correlated with thickened left ventricular wall, including interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall, in young adults with HTN.
Development and psychometric testing of a scale to measure effective rural emergency transfer (RET)
Authors: Mamalelala Tebogo T. , Holzemer William L. , Seloilwe Esther S. , Iwu Emilia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The process of transferring patients from small rural primary care facilities to referral facilities impacts the quality of care and effectiveness of the referral healthcare system. The study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a scale measuring requirements for effective rural emergency transfer.

Methods
An exploratory sequential design was utilized to develop a scale designed to measure requirements for effective emergency transport. Phase one included a qualitative, interview study with 26 nursing transport providers. These transcripts were coded, and items developed for the proposed scale. Phase two included a content validity review by these 16 transport providers of the domains and items developed. Phase three included development and evaluation of psychometric properties of a scale designed to measure requirements for effective emergency transport. This scale was then tested initially with 84 items and later reduced to a final set of 58 items after completion by 302 transport nurses. The final scale demonstrated three factors (technology & tools; knowledge & skills; and organization). Each factor and the total score reported excellent scale reliability.

Results
The initial item pool consisted of 84 items, generated, and synthesized from an extensive literature review and the qualitative descriptive study exploring nurses’ experiences in rural emergency patient transportation. A two-round modified Delphi method with experts generated a scale consisting of 58 items. A cross-sectional study design was used with 302 nurses in rural clinics and health in four rural health districts. A categorical principal components analysis identified three components explaining 63.35% of the total variance. The three factors, technology, tools, personal knowledge and skills, and organization, accounted for 27.32%, 18.15 and 17.88% of the total variance, respectively. The reliability of the three factors, as determined by the Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA)’s default calculation of the Cronbach Alpha, was 0.960, 0.946, and 0.956, respectively. The RET Cronbach alpha was 0.980.

Conclusions
The study offers a three-factor scale to measure the effectiveness of emergency patient transport in rural facilities to better understand and improve care during emergency patient transport.