bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Structural Basis for Optimal Performance of Oligothiophene‐Based Fluorescent Amyloid Ligands: Conformational Flexibility is Essential for Spectral Assignment of a Diversity of Protein Aggregates
Authors: Klingstedt Therése , Shirani Hamid , Åslund K. O. Andreas , Cairns Nigel J. , Sigurdson Christina J. , Goedert Michel , Nilsson K. Peter R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractProtein misfolding diseases are characterized by deposition of protein aggregates, and optical ligands for molecular characterization of these disease‐associated structures are important for understanding their potential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs) have proven useful for optical identification of a broader subset of disease‐associated protein aggregates than conventional ligands, such as thioflavin T and Congo red. Herein, the molecular requirements for achieving LCOs able to detect nonthioflavinophilic Aβ aggregates or non‐congophilic prion aggregates, as well as spectrally discriminate Aβ and tau aggregates, were investigated. An anionic pentameric LCO was subjected to chemical engineering by: 1) replacing thiophene units with selenophene or phenylene moieties, or 2) alternating the anionic substituents along the thiophene backbone. In addition, two asymmetric tetrameric ligands were generated. Overall, the results from this study identified conformational freedom and extended conjugation of the conjugated backbone as crucial determinants for obtaining superior thiophene‐based optical ligands for sensitive detection and spectral assignment of disease‐associated protein aggregates.
A New Chiral Residue Analysis Method for Triazole Fungicides in Water Using Dispersive Liquid‐Liquid Microextraction (DLLME)
Authors: Luo Mai , Liu Donghui , Zhou Zhiqiang , Wang Peng 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTA rapid, simple, reliable, and environment‐friendly method for the residue analysis of the enantiomers of four chiral fungicides including hexaconazole, triadimefon, tebuconazole, and penconazole in water samples was developed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) pretreatment followed by chiral high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)‐DAD detection. The enantiomers were separated on a Chiralpak IC column by HPLC applying n‐hexane or petroleum ether as mobile phase and ethanol or isopropanol as modifier. The influences of mobile phase composition and temperature on the resolution were investigated and most of the enantiomers could be completely separated in 20 min under optimized conditions. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the separation was enthalpy‐driven. The elution orders were detected by both circular dichroism detector (CD) and optical rotatory dispersion detector (ORD). Parameters affecting the DLLME performance for pretreatment of the chiral fungicides residue in water samples, such as the extraction and dispersive solvents and their volume, were studied and optimized. Under the optimum microextraction condition the enrichment factors were over 121 and the linearities were 30–1500 µg L−1 with the correlation coefficients (R2) over 0.9988 and the recoveries were between 88.7% and 103.7% at the spiking levels of 0.5, 0.25, and 0.05 mg L−1(for each enantiomer) with relative standard deviations varying from 1.38% to 6.70% (n = 6) The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 8.5 to 29.0 µg L−1(S/N = 3). Chirality 25:567‐574, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distribution of particle velocity in a conical cylindrical spouted bed
Authors: Chen Xi , Ren Bing , Chen Yu , Zhong Wenqi , Chen Dailin , Lu Yong , Jin Baosheng 
Published: June 2013

AbstractInvestigations of particle velocities in a 200‐mm diameter conical cylindrical spouted bed were carried out. A direct measurement approach, coupled optical‐fibre endoscope with high‐speed photography, was used to determine the local velocity of glass bead and corn at various spouting velocities. The results showed that the radial particle velocity profiles when spouting of corns are similar to glass beads. The changes of particle velocities with increasing spouting gas velocity were more remarkable in the spout and fountain regions than in the annulus. The velocity of the glass beads is higher than the corns in the spout region, while they appear a reverse trend in the fountain region and annulus region at the same spouting velocity.
Prediction of minimum spouting velocity of spouted bed by CFD‐TFM: Scale‐up
Authors: Zhong Wenqi , Liu Xuejiao , Grace John R. , Epstein Norman , Ren Bing , Jin Baosheng 
Published: June 2013

AbstractNumerical simulations based on a three‐dimensional (3D) Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase model (two‐fluid model, TFM) were carried out to study the minimum spouting velocities of scaled up spouted beds. The spouted bed with a diameter of 0.152 m from the experiments of He et al. was scaled up by factors from 2 to 8, resulting in diameters from 0.304 to 1.216 m. The effects of the static bed height, particle diameter, particle density and fluid inlet diameter on the minimum spouting velocity in different size beds were numerically investigated. A new empirical correlation is proposed for predicting the minimum spouting velocity in both small and large beds.
Osteocytes are not only mechanoreceptive cells
Authors: Rochefort Gaël Y. , Benhamou Claude‐Laurent 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYOsteocytes represent 95% of all bone cells. These cells are old osteoblasts occupying the lacunar space surrounded by the bone matrix. They possess cytoplasmic dendrites that form a canalicular network for communication between osteocytes and the bone surface. They have a mechanosensing role that is dependent upon the frequency, the intensity, and the duration of strain. The mechanical information transmitted into the cytoplasm also triggers a biological cascade, starting with nitric oxide and prostaglandin E 2 and followed by Wnt/ β‐catenin signaling. This information is transmitted to the bone surface through the canalicular network, particularly to the lining cells, and is able to trigger bone remodeling by directing the osteoblast activity and the osteoclastic resorption. Furthermore, the osteocyte death seems to play an important role. The outcome of microcracks in the vicinity of osteocytes may interrupt the canalicular network and trigger cell apoptosis in the immediate surrounding environment thus transmitting a message to the bone surface and activate remodeling. This network also plays a recognized endocrine role, particularly concerning phosphate regulation and vitamin D metabolism. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Color change of white spot lesions after resin infiltration
Authors: Bak So‐Yeon , Kim Young‐Jae , Hyun Hong‐Keun 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis study evaluates color change of the enamel lesion before and after resin infiltration and after thermocycling (TC) in order to assess clinical usefulness of resin infiltrant in restoring esthetics of incipient enamel caries lesions. Twenty‐five healthy premolars were prepared and crown portions were vertically cut. Specimens were emerged in acryl blocks with relatively flat proximal surface facing outside. Specimens were put in decalcification solution (50 mM acetic acid solution, 3 mM CaCl2·H2O, 3 mM KH2PO4, 6 µM methylhydroxydiphosphonate, pH 4.95, 37°C), and were kept for 160 h, in order to make white spot lesions on the exposed enamel. Degree of decalcification was observed with microscope and nine specimens were excluded because of inadequate decalcification (n = 41). L*, a*, and b* were measured with colorimeter at the baseline (T1), after production of white spot lesions (T2), after infiltration of resin infiltrants (ICON®, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) (T3), after 3000 (T4), 6000 (T5), and 10,000 cycles (T6) of TC. L* was highest at T2, but significantly decreased until T6 which was the closest value to T1 (P < 0.05). a* was highest at T2 and decreased gradually until T6, whereas b* was lowest at T2 and was highest at T3 and decreased gradually until T6. Δ
less than 3.7 showed between T1 and T4, between T1 and T5, and between T1 and T6, which suggested that it was hard to differentiate one from the other clinically. Resin infiltrated lesions showed recovery of CIE value close to that of healthy enamel over time. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 506–510, 2014
Avoiding Bias Effects in NMR Experiments for Heteronuclear Dipole–Dipole Coupling Determinations: Principles and Application to Organic Semiconductor Materials
Authors: Kurz Ricardo , Cobo Marcio Fernando , Ribeiro de Azevedo Eduardo , Sommer Michael , Wicklein André , Thelakkat Mukundan , Hempel Günter , Saalwächter Kay 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCarbon–proton dipole–dipole couplings between bonded atoms represent a popular probe of molecular dynamics in soft materials or biomolecules. Their site‐resolved determination, for example, by using the popular DIPSHIFT experiment, can be challenged by spectral overlap with nonbonded carbon atoms. The problem can be solved by using very short cross‐polarization (CP) contact times, however, the measured modulation curves then deviate strongly from the theoretically predicted shape, which is caused by the dependence of the CP efficiency on the orientation of the CH vector, leading to an anisotropic magnetization distribution even for isotropic samples. Herein, we present a detailed demonstration and explanation of this problem, as well as providing a solution. We combine DIPSHIFT experiments with the rotor‐directed exchange of orientations (RODEO) method, and modifications of it, to redistribute the magnetization and obtain undistorted modulation curves. Our strategy is general in that it can also be applied to other types of experiments for heteronuclear dipole–dipole coupling determinations that rely on dipolar polarization transfer. It is demonstrated with perylene‐bisimide‐based organic semiconductor materials, as an example, in which measurements of dynamic order parameters reveal correlations of the molecular dynamics with the phase structure and functional properties.
A buffer‐aware fleet‐based cooperative H.264/SVC streaming over vehicular networks
Authors: Lee C‐H. , Huang C‐M. , Yang C‐C. , Tsai W‐P. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYBecause of of the characteristics of high mobility, time varying and dynamic topology, how to provide multimedia streaming service for connected vehicles becomes one emerging and popular technical research. The motivation of this paper is to utilize cooperation among neighboring vehicles for video streaming's quality improvement over vehicular networks. In the proposed cooperative streaming scenario, a connected vehicle requests a video stream from the Internet by using its 3G/3.5G interface, which may not have enough bandwidth to receive good quality of video. Thus, the vehicle is suggested to ask neighboring members belonging to the same fleet to download the requested video data by using their 3G/3.5G interfaces. Then, neighboring members should forward video data to the requested vehicle by using another wireless technique, for example, dedicated short range communication (DSRC). Regarding the differentiation between the two access networks, that is, 3G/3.5G network and DSRC network, a buffer‐aware scheduling mechanism based on layered streaming is designed in this paper to adapt to the networking situation of the vehicular networks. Two selection algorithms are proposed to select neighboring vehicles from the fleet. According to our simulation results, the 3G/3.5G‐based selection algorithm is suitable to improve video quality for vehicles at low speeds. On the other hand, the DSRC‐based selection algorithm can get better performance when vehicles move at high speeds or too many data are transmitted among vehicles.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐Assembly of Four Helical Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on 3‐[4‐(Carboxymethoxy)phenyl]propanoic Acid Ligands: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Properties
Authors: Ji Jun , Zhang You , Yang Yuan‐Fa , Xu Hai , Wen Yi‐Hang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFour new helical metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely [ZnL(bpp)]n·4nH2O {1, H2L = 3‐[4‐(carboxymethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid, bpp = 1,3‐di‐4‐pyridylpropane}, [CdL(bpp)]n (2), [CoL(bpp)(H2O)0.5]n (3), and [NiL(bpp)(H2O)0.5]n (4), have been synthesized and characterized. X‐ray crystallographic analyses show that 1 exhibits a 3D supramolecular framework, which is composed of 2D layers further linked by π–π stacking interactions. Compound 2 displays a 2D framework structure consisting of (Cd–L)n and (Cd–bpp)n double helices with right‐ or left‐handed helical chains, in which the right‐ and left‐handed homochiral layers are alternatively arrayed though π–π stacking interactions to finally form a racemic 3D structure. Compound 3 features a 3D architecture with right‐ and left‐handed helical chains, in which 1D (Co–bpp)n and 2D (Co–L)n achiral layers are observed. The structure of 4 is very similar to that of 3, and its most notable characteristic is the tetraflexural [Ni–L]n helical chains in the [010] plane. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit strong violet and blue photoluminescence emissions, respectively. The magnetic properties for 3 and 4 have been investigated at 2–300 K, and they exhibit antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions, respectively.
Synthesis of Na2{trans‐[PdCl2(mTPPMS‐κP)2]}: Interaction with DNA and Reactivity with 8‐Thiotheophylline
Authors: Serrano‐Ruiz Manuel , Romerosa Antonio , García‐Maroto Federico 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe new water‐soluble palladium(II) complexes Na2{trans‐[PdCl2(mTPPMS‐κP)2]} (1), (CN4H7)Na{trans‐[PdCl2(mTPPMS‐κP)2]} (2) and the 2D polymer trans‐{Pd‐μ‐[mTPPMS‐1κP:2κO‐Na1/2(H2O)]‐μ‐[mTPPMS‐1κP:2κO′‐Na′1/2(H2O)]‐μ‐[8TTH‐1κS:2κO6–Na1/2(H2O)]‐μ‐[8TTH‐1κS:2κO6‐Na′1/2(H2O)]}n (3) {mTPPMS = Ph2P[3‐OS(O)2C6H4]–; 8‐TTH = 8‐thiotheophyllinate} have been synthesized and characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. The crystal structures of 2 and 3 were determined by X‐ray diffraction. The binding properties of the new hydrosoluble palladium complexes towards DNA were studied by the mobility shift assay, which showed that complex 1 is more active than cisplatin towards DNA.
Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles as an Approach to the Direct Colorimetric Detection of DCNP Nerve Agent Simulant
Authors: Martí Almudena , Costero Ana M. , Gaviña Pablo , Gil Salvador , Parra Margarita , Brotons‐Gisbert Mauro , Sánchez‐Royo Juan Francisco 
Published: June 2013

AbstractNew functionalized gold nanoparticles have been synthesized and their ability to act as colorimetric molecular probes for the naked‐eye detection of nerve agent simulant DCNP has been studied. The detection process is based on the compensation of charges at the surfaces of the functionalized AuNPs, which triggers their aggregation with the resulting change in the color of the solution.
Enantiomeric separation of amlodipine and its two chiral impurities by nano‐liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography using a chiral stationary phase based on cellulose tris(4‐chloro‐3‐methylphenylcarbamate)
Authors: Auditore Roberta , Santagati Natale A. , Aturki Zeineb , Fanali Salvatore 
Published: June 2013

In this work, a novel polysaccharide‐based chiral stationary phase, cellulose tris(4‐chloro‐3‐methylphenylcarbamate), also called Sepapak 4 has been evaluated for the chiral separation of amlodipine (AML) and its two impurities. AML is a powerful vasodilatator drug used for the treatment of hypertension. Capillary columns of 100 μm id packed with the chiral stationary phase were used for both nano‐LC and CEC experiments. The optimization of the mobile phase composed of ACN/water, (90:10, v/v) containing 15 mM ammonium borate pH 10.0 in nano‐LC allowed the chiral separation of AML and the two impurities, but not in a single run. With the purpose to obtain the separation of the three pairs of enantiomers simultaneously, CEC analyses were performed in the same conditions achieving better enantioresolution and higher separation efficiencies for each compound. To fully resolve the mixture of six enantiomers, parameters such as buffer pH and concentration sample injection have been then investigated. A mixture of ACN/water (90:10, v/v) containing 5 mM ammonium borate buffer pH 9.0 enabled the complete separation of the three couples of enantiomers in less than 30 min. The optimized CEC method was therefore validated and applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical formulation declared to contain only AML racemate.
Comparative sensory and proximate evaluation of spontaneously fermenting kunu‐zaki made from germinated and ungerminated composite cereal grains
Authors: Oluwajoba Solakunmi O. , Akinyosoye Felix A. , Oyetayo Olusegun V. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis study evaluated the sensory properties, proximate composition, and overall consumer acceptability of kunu‐zaki using germinated and ungerminated Sorghum bicolor (sorghum), Pennisetum americanum (millet), and Digitaria exilis (acha) cereal grains. The three cereal grains were used in nongerminated and germinated composite and noncomposite proportions coded A (Acha), S (Sorghum), M (Millet), AS (Acha–Sorghum), AM (Acha–Millet), SM (Sorghum–Millet), ASG (Acha–Sorghum Germinated), AMG (Acha–Millet Germinated), and SMG (Sorghum–Millet Germinated). Proximate analysis determined the moisture content, ash, crude fiber, fat, and crude protein content of the fermented grains. The 9‐point hedonic scale was used to judge the sensory parameters of taste, color, and aroma. The paired comparison test was used to judge consumer preference between kunu‐zaki made from germinated grains and the ungerminated counterpart. Scores were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test in the SPSS analytical software package. Panelists ranked the ASG‐coded drink highest in terms of taste and aroma, the AMG‐coded drink highest in terms of color. SM ranked least in terms of taste; SMG ranked least in terms of aroma; and AM ranked the least in terms of color. Preference for each parameter was significantly different (P < 0.001). Panelists ranked overall preference for the drinks from the most liked to the least liked in the order ASG>AMG>A>AS>S>M>SMG>AM>SM. The overall preference for the drinks was also significantly different (P < 0.001). Panelists pairing both ungerminated drinks with the germinated drinks ranked the ungerminated drink AS as most preferred in terms of taste, color, and aroma above its germinated counterpart ASG with preference not significantly dependent on the parameters (P = 0.065 > 0.05). Ungerminated AM was also preferred above the germinated counterpart AMG in terms of taste, color, and aroma with preference not significantly dependent on parameters (P = 0.055 > 0.05). However, panelists showed preference for the taste and aroma of the germinated drink SMG but more preference for the color of the ungerminated drink SM with preference significantly dependent on the parameters (P = 0.028 < 0.05). Crude fiber values were higher – 11.3%, 13.1%, and 17.37% for SMG, AMG and ASG, respectively. Germination increased %Fat values slightly but the %Ash was relatively stable in both germinated and ungerminated drinks. Addition of germinated acha cereal grains to either sorghum or millet prior to fermentation offers desirable sensory and nutritional quality attributes in kunu‐zaki.
Directions of seismic anisotropy in laboratory models of mantle plumes
Authors: Druken K. A. , Kincaid C. , Griffiths R. W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA recent expansion in global seismic anisotropy data provides important new insights about the style of mantle convection. Interpretations of these geophysical measurements rely on complex relationships between mineral physics, seismology, and mantle dynamics. We report on 3‐D laboratory experiments using finite strain markers evolving in time‐dependent, viscous flow fields to quantify the range in expected anisotropy patterns within buoyant plumes surfacing in a variety of tectonic settings. A surprising result is that laboratory proxies for the olivine fast axis overwhelmingly align tangential to radial outflow in plumes well before reaching the surface. These remarkably robust, and ancient, anisotropy patterns evolve differently in stagnant, translational, and divergent plate tectonic settings and are essentially orthogonal to patterns typically referenced when prospecting for plume signals in seismic data. Results suggest a fundamental change in the mineral physics‐seismology‐circulation relationship used in accepting or rejecting a plume model.
Risk of developing sudden sensorineural hearing loss in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Lin Charlene , Lin Shih‐Wei , Weng Shih‐Feng , Lin Yung‐Song 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore the risk of developing of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsA population‐based, retrospective cohort study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database was conducted. From 2001 to 2006, 9121 patients with newly diagnosed NPC and 45,605 comparison subjects without NPC were selected. The incidence of SSHL at the end of 2009 was determined.ResultsThe incidence of SSHL was 6.53‐fold higher in the NPC group compared to the non‐NPC group (p < .001). Using Cox proportional hazard regressions, the risk of developing SSHL increased with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 6.747 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.366–8.484) in patients with NPC compared with patients without NPC.ConclusionNPC was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing SSHL. The risk of developing SSHL increased over follow‐up time. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 203–208, 2014
Human papillomavirus and Epstein–Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a low‐incidence population
Authors: Dogan Snjezana , Hedberg Matthew L. , Ferris Robert L. , Rath Tanya J. , Assaad Adel M. , Chiosea Simion I. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) in nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) in a low‐incidence population remains unknown.MethodsSamples from 90 patients with NPC (years, 1957–2012) were analyzed for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Clinical data, EBV, HPV, and p16 status were correlated with overall survival (OS; 63 cases; years, 1981–2012).ResultsOf 9 HPV‐positive cases, 3 extended from extra‐nasopharyngeal sites. Nasopharyngeal origin was confirmed in 6 cases. HPV‐positive NPC had OS similar to EBV‐positive NPC (85 vs 141 months;p> .05). The OS of patients with EBV/HPV‐negative NPC was worse (34 months;p= .004). Nonkeratinizing histology was associated with better outcome than keratinizing (115 vs 25 months;p= .001). Over the last several decades, the proportion of keratinizing NPC decreased from 34.5% to 14.3% (p= .026).ConclusionThe etiologic role of HPV in NPC is confirmed. The favorable prognostic significance of HPV positivity is similar to that of EBV positivity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Head Neck36: 511–516, 2014