bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birds, bees and CSR managers: why is biodiversity conservation challenging for companies?
Authors: Bedarkar Madhura , Nulkar Gurudas , Chaubey Akriti , Mishra Mahima , Dhiwar Komal 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to learn what kinds of obstacles Indian businesses face when trying to make biodiversity protection a top priority as part of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts. Interventions are proposed to elevate biodiversity protection to the ranks of CSR priorities among Indian businesses.

Design/methodology/approach
This study applies an interpretive phenomenological analysis strategy to glean information from in-depth interviews with leaders and professionals in CSR.

Findings
The findings of the study revealed that the main factors influencing Indian companies’ CSR area choices are existing processes and stakeholder pressures. Companies prioritise engaging with local communities and employees when selecting CSR activities. The major challenge is integrating biodiversity into business plans, with CSR heads struggling to secure investment due to long gestation periods and limited media coverage. Implementing agencies face issues with project deliverables, mainly due to land ownership and lack of local government support. Companies can also encourage employee involvement in pro-environmental behaviours. The study also provides practical solutions for Indian companies to enhance their CSR engagement in biodiversity conservation.

Research limitations/implications
The research only focuses on the opinions of CSR specialists and leaders, so it may only consider part of the situation’s complexity inside the organisation. The results may only apply to the business climate in India; hence, extra care is warranted when extrapolating them to other countries. Nonetheless, the study provides valuable insights into the interplay between CSR and biodiversity protection that might inform future studies and policy initiatives.

Originality/value
This research fills a gap in the literature by investigating an uncharted territory: the role of CSR in protecting biodiversity in India. Examining obstacles and variables affecting CSR objectives illuminates business involvement in biodiversity conservation. The recommended treatments have real-world consequences for improving CSR involvement in this critical area.
A heuristic method to evaluate consequences for flight control and stability induced by attachment of biologging devices to birds and bats
Authors: Katzner Todd E. , Young George S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Biologging is central to the study of wildlife, but questions remain about the minimization of effects of biologging devices. Rarely considered are changes biologging devices induce on an animal's centre of mass (COM) and resulting losses of flight control and stability.

We applied established aeronautical principles to estimate how the COM of a flying bird or bat may be affected by the typical positioning of a biologging device on the neck, back, hips or tail. We then adopted modified thresholds from aerospace engineering to estimate limits beyond which changes to COM result in fitness‐relevant alterations to flight control and stability.

Generic models illustrate a trade‐off between the placement and mass of a biologging device that influences flight control and stability. Seven species‐specific examples show the substantial differences in consequences of changes to COM for animals of different sizes and body types. Placement of a device on the tail always resulted in the greatest shift in COM and placement in the centre of the back resulted in the smallest shift. The 5% weight threshold some use for a biologging device provides little room for error in terms of stability and can easily cause dangerous changes to COM. The 3% weight threshold others use causes considerably smaller changes in the COM, but when placed away from the natural COM, still can affect flight control and stability.

Researchers interested in minimizing the effects to fitness of wildlife should consider weight, balance and COM when affixing biologging devices. The farther a device is from the natural COM, the smaller it should be relative to the mass of the animal.
Tail risk spillover of commodity futures markets
Authors: Ren Xiaohang , Xiao Shitong , Zhang Wenxin , Sun Xianming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the tail risk spillover in commodity futures markets, with a particular focus on the dynamics related to the Chinese markets. To overcome the limitations of conventional network methods in terms of dimensionality, we employ a bootstrap‐based probabilistic analysis to extend the Diebold–Yilmaz network model for measuring spillover effects. Our empirical results demonstrate both intra‐ and inter‐group tail risk connectedness among commodity futures, highlighting variations in such connectedness during crisis periods. Additionally, we find the tail risk spillover between commodity spot and futures markets and identify dominant sources of risk transmission through our probabilistic analysis.
Toward a semiotics of midwifery: Multimodal communication's effects on accessibility, equity, and power dynamics
Authors: Celeste Jane 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccording to semiotics, we live in a world of signs, where almost anything can act as a signifier and convey meaning. But what of the semiotic landscape of midwifery? What signs are present within a client's multi‐sensory experience of their midwifery care? How are these signs functioning to increase equity and accessibility? Or worse, how might certain aspects of the client's experience communicate unjust power dynamics? Semiotics allows us to examine a wide communicative and educational environment. By paying particular attention to the multivalent meanings of different signs—be they written, visual, oral, or even physical—we can start to see how multimodal communication plays a vital role in a client's perception of equity and power. One way to improve client experience is by approaching education and semiotic experience from the same place as trauma‐informed care. A more health‐literate sensitive approach viewed through the lens of semiotics assumes all clients have little previous knowledge or comfort within a care setting. This hyperawareness and criticality of the semiotic environment would allow midwives to acknowledge various sensory and communicative biases and intentionally redesign the entire client experience. The semiotic landscape is then curated to meet the needs of the most important audience—those marginalized and discriminated against whether that is because of education, finances, race, gender, or any other intersectional identity. We must acknowledge the fact that all sign systems can either reinforce abusive power relations or work to improve them. For what is at stake here is not just a client's overall comfort, but their full understanding of the care they are receiving, the options they have, and their autonomy within their entire perinatal experience.
The impact of relationship factors on antenatal depression in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Pekarsky Chloe , Skiffington Janice , Chaput Kathleen , Slater Donna , Leijser Lara M. , Metcalfe Amy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntenatal depression is the most prevalent pregnancy‐associated mental health disorder. Previous studies have identified several risk factors for antenatal depression, including partner support. However, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, many relationship dynamics changed. This study examined the extent to which relationship factors had an impact on antenatal depression in comparison with other well‐researched factors in the context of the pandemic.MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted using data from the P3 Cohort in Calgary, a longitudinal cohort study based in Alberta, Canada. Pregnant people (n = 872) completed self‐report questionnaires and validated scales about sociodemographic, psychological, and relationship characteristics. Antenatal depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Logistic regression was used to assess the impact of reported characteristics on antenatal depression. Tests of model fit were used to examine whether the inclusion of variables related to relationship quality improved model fit after accounting for other known risk factors.ResultsOverall, 18.23% of participants experienced antenatal depression. Relationship factors including relationship unhappiness (OR = 1.98 [95% CI: 1.06–3.69]), having an upsetting partner (OR = 2.00 [95% CI: 1.17–3.40]), and having a lower quality of relationships with close friends and family (OR = 1.76 [95% CI: 1.14–2.73]) were associated with antenatal depression; however, inclusion of these relationship factors did not improve model fit after accounting for other known predictors.ConclusionOverall, relationship factors were not associated with antenatal depression during the pandemic after accounting for other known risk factors. Stress and anxiety caused by the pandemic may have overshadowed the impact of relationship factors, or relationship factors may have contributed to higher levels of stress and anxiety more generally within our sample.
Complex ontogeny of sexual size dimorphism in a female‐larger gecko: Implications of determinate growth for lizard body size and life‐history evolution
Authors: Meter Brandon , Kratochvíl Lukáš , Starostová Zuzana , Kučera Tomáš , Kubička Lukáš 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEctothermic vertebrates such as reptiles were assumed to be indeterminate growers, which means that there is no terminal point in time or size for growth in their lifetime. In recent years, evidence for the determinate nature of growth in lizards has accumulated, necessitating a re‐examination of models of their ontogeny and evolution of sexual size dimorphism (SSD). In the female‐larger gecko Paroedura vazimba, we monitored post‐embryonic growth over a period of 15 months. After hatching, females grew faster than males but also reached their final body size, that is, closed growth of their vertebrae, earlier than males. The closure of bone growth in females correlates with the onset of reproductive maturation. We compared this pattern with the previously minutely studied, male‐larger species Paroedura picta, where we documented determinate growth as well. We propose a model to explain the evolutionary switches in the direction of SSD in lizards based on bipotential effects of ovarian hormones on growth. In this model, male growth is assumed to require no male‐specific growth modifier, such as sex‐limited hormonal regulators, while growth is feminized by ovarian hormones in females. Low levels of ovarian hormones can promote bone growth, but high levels associated with maturation of the reproductive organs promote senescence of bone growth plates and thus cessation of bone growth. We suggest that models on growth, life‐history and evolution of body size in many lizards should acknowledge their determinate nature of growth.
Cosmetic retinoid use in photoaged skin: A review of the compounds, their use and mechanisms of action
Authors: Mambwe Bezaleel , Mellody Kieran T. , Kiss Orsolya , O'Connor Clare , Bell Mike , Watson Rachel E. B. , Langton Abigail K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe inevitable attrition of skin due to ultraviolet radiation, termed photoaging, can be partially restored by treatment with retinoid compounds. Photoaged skin in lightly pigmented individuals, clinically presents with the appearance of wrinkles, increased laxity, and hyper‐ and hypopigmentation. Underlying these visible signs of ageing are histological features such as epidermal thinning, dermal–epidermal junction flattening, solar elastosis and loss of the dermal fibrillin microfibrillar network, fibrillar collagen and glycosaminoglycans. Retinoid compounds are comprised of three main generations with the first generation (all‐trans retinoic acid, retinol, retinaldehyde and retinyl esters) primarily used for the clinical and cosmetic treatment of photoaging, with varying degrees of efficacy, tolerance and stability. All‐trans retinoic acid is considered the ‘gold standard’ for skin rejuvenation; however, it is a prescription‐only product largely confined to clinical use. Therefore, retinoid derivatives are readily incorporated into cosmeceutical formulations. The literature reported in this review suggests that retinol, retinyl esters and retinaldehyde that are used in many cosmeceutical products, are efficacious, safe and well‐tolerated. Once in the skin, retinoids utilize a complex signalling pathway that promotes remodelling of photoaged epidermis and dermis and leads to the improvement of the cutaneous signs of photoaging.
Porokeratoses: an update on pathogenesis and treatment
Authors: Kostopoulos‐Kanitakis Konstantinos‐Antonios , Kanitakis Jean 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPorokeratoses (PK) are a group of uncommon dermatoses characterized by abnormal epidermal differentiation due to a disorder of the mevalonate metabolic pathway. Several clinical subtypes exist that can be associated with the same patient or affect different patients within a family and could, therefore, be different expressions of one disease. All PK subtypes share a common histopathologic finding, the cornoid lamella, a vertical stack of parakeratotic corneocytes embedded in an orthokeratotic horny layer. PK often affects immunosuppressed patients, in whom the course may parallel the level of immunosuppression. The pathogenesis of PK, which had long remained mysterious, has been recently unraveled after discovering pathogenic variants of genes involved in the mevalonate metabolic pathway. The disease is due to germline pathogenic variants of genes of this pathway but requires a second‐hit event to manifest; therefore, PK is considered a dominantly inherited but recessively expressed condition. The prognosis of PK is usually favorable, even though the lesions progress to keratinocyte carcinomas in 7%–16% of patients. The treatment of PK was based on physical (ablative) procedures and various (topical or systemic) treatments, whose efficacy is nevertheless inconsistent and often temporary. The discovery of the metabolic pathway involved in the pathogenesis of PK paved the way for the elaboration of new topical treatments (combination of statins and cholesterol), which are more regularly efficacious compared with older treatments, even though the management of some patients with PK may still be challenging.
Fermentation of asparagus juice using selected probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarumJGS49 isolated from pickled asparagus: microbiological, physicochemical and flavour characteristics
Authors: Huang Jinqing , Wang Li , Li Xue , Zhang Yao , Du Tonghao , Xiong Shijin , Yuan Linfeng , Xiong Tao , Liu Guangxian 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThis study aims to screen LAB with excellent probiotic and fermentation properties, and investigate the effect on asparagus juice. Fifty strains were isolated and identified from pickled asparagus, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JGS49 was screened by multiple properties. Whole‐genome analysis indicated that L. plantarum JGS49 contains nineteen antibiotic resistance genes and was non‐toxic. Compared with unfermented asparagus juice, the fermentation of L. plantarum JGS49 significantly improved the antioxidant activity of asparagus juice, and also increased the contents of total flavonoids, phenols and organic acids. Seventy‐nine volatile compounds were identified during the fermentation of asparagus juice, among which sixteen differential compounds with aroma activity thresholds were obtained. The contents of alcohol, acid and phenol in asparagus juice were increased by lactic acid bacteria fermentation, while the contents of furan were decreased. LAB fermentation improved the overall acceptability of asparagus juice, enhanced its mushroom and floral flavour, and reduced the green flavour.
Unravelling CD24‐Siglec‐10 pathway: Cancer immunotherapy from basic science to clinical studies
Authors: Hazra Rudradeep , Chattopadhyay Soumyadeep , Mallick Arijit , Gayen Sakuntala , Roy Souvik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape by harnessing the power of the immune system to combat malignancies. Two of the most promising players in this field are cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24) and sialic acid‐binding Ig‐like lectin 10 (Siglec‐10), and both of them play pivotal roles in modulating immune responses. CD24, a cell surface glycoprotein, emerges as a convincing fundamental signal transducer for therapeutic intervention, given its significant implication in the processes related to tumour progression and immunogenic evasion. Additionally, the immunomodulatory functions of Siglec‐10, a prominent member within the Siglec family of immune receptors, have recently become a crucial point of interest, particularly in the context of the tumour microenvironment. Hence, the intricate interplay of both CD24 and Siglec‐10 assumes a critical role in fostering tumour growth, facilitating metastasis and also orchestrating immune evasion. Recent studies have found multiple evidences supporting the therapeutic potential of targeting CD24 in cancer treatment. Siglec‐10, on the other hand, exhibits immunosuppressive properties that contribute to immune tolerance within the tumour microenvironment. Therefore, we delve into the complex mechanisms through which Siglec‐10 modulates immune responses and facilitates immune escape in cancer. Siglec‐10 also acts as a viable target for cancer immunotherapy and presents novel avenues for the development of therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, we examine the synergy between CD24 and Siglec‐10 in shaping the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment and discuss the implications for combination therapies. Therefore, understanding the roles of CD24 and Siglec‐10 in cancer immunotherapy opens exciting possibilities for the development of novel therapeutics.
Mast cells contribute to T‐cell accumulation in the bronchoalveolar space in mice with IL‐33‐induced airway inflammation
Authors: Alvarado‐Vazquez P. Abigail , Mendez‐Enriquez Erika , Pähn Lisa , Dondalska Aleksandra , Pazos‐Castro Diego , Hallgren Jenny 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐33 released from airway epithelial cells plays a vital role in shaping type 2 immune responses by binding to the ST2 receptor present in many immune cells, including mast cells (MCs). Intranasal administration of IL‐33 in mice induces type 2 lung inflammation, an increase in lung MC progenitors, and transepithelial migration of leukocytes to the bronchoalveolar space. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of MCs in IL‐33‐induced lung pathology. Four daily intranasal administrations of IL‐33 reduced spirometry‐like lung function parameters, induced airway hyperresponsiveness, and increased leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) in an ST2‐dependent manner. MC‐deficient (Cpa3cre/+) mice, which lack MCs, had intact spirometry‐like lung function but slightly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, possibly related to reduced IL‐33 or serotonin. Strikingly, Cpa3cre/+ mice exposed to IL‐33 had 50% reduction in BAL T‐cells, and CXCL1 and IL‐33 were reduced in the lung. Intranasal IL‐33 induced CXCR2 expression in T‐cells in a MC‐independent fashion. Furthermore, IL‐33‐induced lung MCs were immunopositive for CXCL1 and localized in the epithelium of wild‐type mice. These results suggest that MCs are required to sustain intact lung IL‐33 and CXCL1 levels in mice with IL‐33‐induced airway inflammation, thereby facilitating T‐cell accumulation in the bronchoalveolar space.
Construction of an assessment scale for thirst severity in critically ill patients and its reliability and validity
Authors: Liao Chunli , Guan Qiongyao , Ma Xiangping , He Xueting , Su Yan , Fan Dandan , Liu Jing , Ye jinyu , He Xifeng , Cui Pengyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveDeveloping a severity assessment scale for critically ill patients' thirst and conducting reliability and validity tests, aiming to provide healthcare professionals with a scientific and objective tool for assessing the level of thirst.MethodsBased on literature review and qualitative interviews, a pool of items was generated, and a preliminary scale was formed through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. Convenience sampling was employed to select 178 ICU patients in a top‐three hospital from May 2023 to October 2023 as the study subjects to examine the reliability and validity of the severity assessment scale for critically ill patients' thirst.ResultsThe developed severity assessment scale for critically ill patients' thirst consists of 8 evaluation items and 26 evaluation indicators. The agreement coefficients for two rounds of expert consultation were 100% and 92.6% for the positive coefficient, and the authority coefficients were .900 and .906. Kendall's concordance coefficients were .101 and .120 (all p < .001). The overall Cronbach's α coefficient for the scale was .827. The inter‐rater reliability coefficient was .910. The Item‐Content Validity Index (I‐CVI) ranged from .800 to 1.000, and the Scale‐Content Validity Index/Average (S‐CVI/Ave) was .950.ConclusionThe critically ill patients' thirst assessment scale is reliable and valid and can be widely used in clinical practice.Patient or Public ContributionThe AiMi Academic Services (www.aimieditor.com) for English language editing and review services.Implications for Clinical practiceThe scale developed in this study is a simple and ICU‐specific scale that can be used to assess the severity of thirst in critically ill patients. As such, the severity of thirst in critically ill patients can be evaluated quickly so that targeted interventions can be implemented according to the patient's specific disease and treatment conditions. Therefore, patient comfort can be improved, and thirst‐related health problems can be prevented.
Epidemiological changes of invasive fungal disease in children with cancer: Prospective study of the National Child Program of Antineoplastic Drugs network, Chile
Authors: Barraza Marlon , Valenzuela Romina , Villarroel Milena , de la Maza Verónica , Contardo Verónica , Álvarez Ana María , Gutiérrez Valentina , Zubieta Marcela , Martínez Daniela , Santolaya María E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundInvasive fungal diseases (IFD) are high morbidity and mortality infections in children with cancer suffering episodes of high‐risk febrile neutropenia (HRFN). IFD epidemiology has changed in the last two decades, with an increasing incidence in recent years due to the growing number of immunocompromised children at risk for IFD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of IFD in children with cancer in the period 2016–2020 compared to 2004–2006 in six hospitals in Chile.MethodsProspective, multicentre study, carried out between 2016 and 2020 in six hospitals in Chile. The defined cohort corresponds to a dynamic group of HRFN episodes in patients <18 years old with cancer, who at the fourth day of evolution still presented fever and neutropenia (persistent HRFN). Each episode was followed until resolution of FN. The incidence of IFD was calculated between 2016 and 2020 and compared with data obtained in the period 2004–2006. The incidence rate was estimated.ResultsA total of 777 episodes of HRFN were analysed; 257 (33.1%) were considered as persistent‐HRFN occurring in 174 patients. The median age was 7 years (IQR: 3–12 years) and 52.3% (N = 91) were male. Fifty‐three episodes of IFD were detected: 21 proven, 14 probable and 18 possible. Possible IFD were excluded, leaving 239 episodes of persistent‐HRFN with an IFD incidence of 14.6% (95% CI 10.5–19.9) and an incidence rate of 13.6 IFD cases per 1000 days of neutropenia (95% CI 9.5–20.0). Compared to 2004–2006 cohort (incidence: 8.5% (95% CI 5.2–13.5)), a significant increase in incidence of 6.1% (95% CI 0.2–12.1, p = .047) was detected in cohorts between 2016 and 2020.ConclusionWe observed a significant increase in IFD in 2016–2020, compared to 2004–2006 period.