bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental implant surgery in patients in treatment with the anticoagulant oral rivaroxaban
Authors: Gómez‐Moreno Gerardo , Aguilar‐Salvatierra Antonio , Fernández‐Cejas Esther , Delgado‐Ruiz Rafael Arcesio , Markovic Aleksa , Calvo‐Guirado José Luis 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of bleeding complications after dental implant placement in patients in treatment by the anticoagulant oral rivaroxaban without interrupting its administration or modifying dosage.Materials and methodsAbout 57 patients were divided into two groups: 18 had been in treatment by rivaroxaban for over 6 month before implant surgery and a control group consisted of 39 healthy subjects. All subjects received dental implants in different positions, without interrupting or modifying rivaroxaban dosage. Patients were treated in an outpatient setting. Non‐absorbable sutures were used, and all patients were given gauze impregnated with tranexamic acid 5%, to bite on for 30–60 min.ResultsOne rivaroxaban patient presented moderate bleeding the day after surgery, and two control patients presented moderate bleeding the day after and on the second day. Bleeding was managed with gauzes impregnated with tranexamic acid. No statistically significant differences (P = 0.688) were found in relation to bleeding episodes between the groups, with a relative risk = 0.919 based on the pooled groups and 95% confidence interval of 0.078–10.844.ConclusionsDental implant surgery in patients taking the anticoagulant oral rivaroxaban can be performed safely in outpatients departments applying local hemostatic measures without the need to modify or interrupt anticoagulant medication.
Patch testing with hair cosmetic series in Europe: a critical review and recommendation
Authors: Uter Wolfgang , Bensefa‐Colas Lynda , Frosch Peter , Giménez‐Arnau Ana , John Swen M. , Lepoittevin Jean‐Pierre , Lidén Carola , White Ian R. , Duus Johansen Jeanne 
Published: June 2015

SummaryMany key ingredients of hair cosmetics (in particular, dyes, bleaches, and hair‐styling agents) are potent (strong to extreme) contact allergens. Some heterogeneity is apparent from published results concerning the range of allergens for which patch testing is important. The objective of the present review was to collect information on the current practice of using ‘hair cosmetic series’, and discuss this against the background of evidence concerning consumer/professional exposure and regulatory aspects to finally derive a recommendation for a ‘European hair cosmetic series’. The methods involved (i) a survey targeting all members of the COST action ‘StanDerm’ (TD1206) consortium, (ii) analysis of data in the database of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA), and (iii) literature review. Information from 19 European countries was available, partly from national networks, and partly from one or several departments of dermatology or, occasionally, occupational medicine. Apart from some substances being tested only in single departments, a broad overlap regarding ‘important’ allergens was evident. Some of the substances are no longer permitted for use in cosmetics (Annex II of the Cosmetics Regulation). An up‐to‐date ‘European hair cosmetics series’, as recommended in the present article, should (i) include broadly used and/or potent contact allergens, (ii) eliminate substances of only historical concern, and (iii) be continually updated as new evidence emerges.
Connection between drinking context choices and self‐reported alcohol‐related social harm: Results from the Finnish Drinking Habit Survey 2008
Authors: Mäkelä Pia , Mustonen Heli , Lintonen Tomi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIntroduction and AimsFew general population studies have examined connections between harms and the social contexts where people drink. We examine how the dominant characteristics of respondents' latest drinking occasions are associated with self‐reported alcohol‐related harm and to what extent the associations function over and above the effects of drinking patterns.Design and MethodsWe used a general population sample of Finns aged 15–69 years in 2008 (n = 2725, response rate 73.6%). Data from 2362 respondents detailed the characteristics of drinking occasions, such as circumstance, location, company and timing for 8713 recent drinking occasions. Harms analysed were aggressive behaviour (fights and arguments while drinking) and being asked to cut down on drinking by family members (informal control of drinking).ResultsWith drinking patterns held constant, fights and arguments were more common among men whose drinking occasions started early or were described as ‘visits’, and among women where occasions ended late or occurred in mixed‐gender groups. Requests to cut down were less frequent among men drinking mostly in connection with sauna bathing and meals or in single‐gender company and among women who mostly drank in licensed premises or at weekends. Requests to cut down were more common among women drinking mostly in the company of friends.Discussion and ConclusionsFights and arguments were associated with the timing of drinking occasions and some characteristics related to social interaction, while requests from family members to cut down were common when drinking extended beyond special occasions. [Mäkelä Pia, Mustonen Heli, Lintonen Tomi. The connection between drinking context choices and self‐reported alcohol‐related social harm: Results from the Finnish drinking habit survey 2008. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:187–95]
Motor skills of children with unilateral visual impairment in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study
Authors: Celano Marianne , Hartmann E Eugenie , DuBois Lindreth G , Drews‐Botsch Carolyn ,   the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study Group
Published: June 2015

AimTo assess motor functioning in children aged 4 years 6 months enrolled in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, and to determine contributions of visual acuity and stereopsis to measured motor skills.MethodOne hundred and four children (53% female) with unilateral aphakia randomized to intraocular lens or contact lens treatment were evaluated at 4 years 6 months (age range 4y 6mo–4y 11mo) for monocular recognition visual acuity, motor skills, and stereopsis by a traveling examiner masked to treatment condition. Motor skills were assessed with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children – Second Edition (MABC‐2). Visual acuity was operationalized as log10 of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) value for treated eye, best logMAR value for either eye, and intraocular logMAR difference.ResultsStudent's t‐tests showed no significant differences in MABC‐2 scores between the intraocular lens and contact lens groups. The mean total score was low (6.43; 18th centile) compared with the normative reference group. Motor functioning was not related to visual acuity in the treated eye or to intraocular logMAR difference, but was predicted in a regression model by the better visual acuity of either eye (usually the fellow eye), even after accounting for the influence of age at surgery, examiner, orthotropic ocular alignment, and stereopsis.InterpretationChildren with unilateral congenital cataract may have delayed motor functioning at 4 years 6 months, which may adversely affect their social and academic functioning.
Intensifying insulin regimen after basal insulin optimization in adults with type 2 diabetes: a 24‐week, randomized, open‐label trial comparing insulin glargine plus insulin glulisine with biphasic insulin aspart (LanScape)
Authors: Vora J. , Cohen N. , Evans M. , Hockey A. , Speight J. , Whately‐Smith C. 
Published: June 2015

AimTo test the hypothesis that a ‘basal plus’ regimenadding once‐daily main‐meal fast‐acting insulin to basal insulin once dailywould be non‐inferior to biphasic insulin twice daily as assessed by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration (predefined as ≤0.4%), but would provide superior treatment satisfaction.MethodsThis open‐label trial enrolled adults to an 8‐ or 12‐week run‐in period, during which oral therapies except metformin were stopped and insulin glargine dose was titrated. Those with fasting glucose <7 mmol/l but HbA1c >7% (53 mmol/mol) were randomized to insulin glargine/glulisine once daily (n = 170) or insulin aspart/aspart protamine 30/70 twice daily (n = 165) for 24 weeks, with dose titration to glucose targets using standardized algorithms.ResultsFor HbA1c, the basal plus regimen was non‐inferior to biphasic insulin (least squares mean difference, 0.21%, upper 97.5% confidence limit 0.38%) meeting the predefined non‐inferiority margin of 0.4%. Treatment satisfaction (Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire change version and Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire total scores) significantly favoured basal plus. No difference was observed between the basal plus and the biphasic insulin groups in responders (HbA1c <7%, 20.6 vs 27.9%; p = 0.12), weight gain (2.06 vs 2.50 kg; p = 0.2), diabetes‐specific quality of life (Audit of Diabetes‐Dependent Quality of Life average weighted impact (AWI) score) and generic health status (five‐dimension European Quality of Life questionnaire). Overall hypoglycaemia rates were similar between groups (15.3 vs 18.2 events/patient‐year; p = 0.22); nocturnal hypoglycaemia was higher with the basal plus regimen (5.7 vs 3.6 events/patient‐year; p = 0.02).ConclusionIn long‐standing type 2 diabetes with suboptimal glycaemia despite oral therapies and basal insulin, the basal plus regimen was non‐inferior to biphasic insulin for biomedical outcomes, with a similar overall hypoglycaemia rate but more nocturnal events.
Assessment of the cytotoxicity of a mineral trioxide aggregate‐based sealer with respect to macrophage activity
Authors: Braga Julia Mourão , Oliveira Ricardo Reis , de Castro Martins Renata , Vieira Leda Quercia , Sobrinho Antonio Paulino Ribeiro 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAimTo assess the influence of co‐culture with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and MTA Fillapex (FLPX) on the viability, adherence, and phagocytosis activity of peritoneal macrophages from two mouse strains.MethodologyCellular viability, adherence, and phagocytosis of Saccharomyces boulardii were assayed in the presence of capillaries containing MTA and MTA Fillapex. The data were analyzed using parametric (Student's t) and non‐parametric (Mann–Whitney) tests.ResultsFLPX was severely cytotoxic and decreased cell viability, adherence, and phagocytic activity of both macrophage subtypes. Cells that were treated with MTA Fillapex remained viable (>80%) for only 4 h after stimulation. Macrophages from C57BL/6 mice presented higher adherence and higher phagocytic activity compared with macrophages from BALB/c mice.ConclusionComparison of MTA and FLPX effects upon macrophages indicates that FLPX may impair macrophage activity and viability, while MTA seems to increase phagocytic activity.
Leaf phenology mediates provenance differences in herbivore populations on valley oaks in a common garden
Authors: PEARSE IAN S. , BATY JILL H. , HERRMANN DUSTIN , SAGE RICHARD , KOENIG WALTER D. 
Published: June 2015

1. Plants from different populations often display a variation in herbivore resistance. However, it is rarely understood what plant traits mediate such differences.2. It was tested how leaf phenology affects herbivore populations in a 15‐year‐old common garden of valley oaks (Quercus lobataNée) with different populations and maternal parents from throughout theQ. lobatarange.3. The abundance of leaf miners (Stigmellasp. Shrank) and leaf phenology of oaks in the common garden was measured.4. Leaf miner abundance varied among provenance locations (population), but not among maternal parents within populations. Leaf phenology varied by provenance location and maternal parent, and trees that leafed out earlier accrued higher leaf‐miner abundance. Path analysis indicated that leaf phenology was the likely driver of provenance and parental differences in resistance to leaf miners.5. Understanding population differences is particularly important when considering transport of genotypes for ornamental or restoration purposes. The present study suggests that similarity in leaf phenology may be one factor that could be used to find genotypes with a similar herbivore resistance to local genotypes.
Utilizing biofuels for sustainable development in the panel of 17 developed and developing countries
Authors: Ozturk Ilhan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study investigates the dynamic linkages between biofuels production and sustainable indicators in the panel of 17 developed and developing countries, over the period of 2000–2012. The study emphasized the role of biofuels production in the sustainable development of the region. For this purpose, the study utilized four main sustainable indicators including carbon dioxide emissions, energy intensity, renewable energy generation, and total population that have a significant impact on the biofuels production. The study used dynamic heterogeneous panel econometric technique – Generalized Method of Moments and found that carbon dioxide emissions increase along with the increase in biofuels production. Therefore, the caution should be applied when burning the biofuels during the production process. In addition, renewable electricity generation also increases the biofuels production in the region. The results of robust least square regression confirmed that all of the sustainable indicators have a significant association with the biofuels production, as total primary energy consumption increases the biofuels production, while total population significantly decreases the biofuels production in the region. The results derived to the conclusion that for sustainable development in the region, the policymakers should have to formulate carbon free policies that coupled with the renewable energy sources for emphasizing the life cycle of bioenergy during the production process.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis and Headache – A Case‐Series
Authors: Sparaco Marco , Feleppa Michele , Bigal Marcelo E. 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundHeadache happens in the majority of patients with Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) being sometimes the sole manifestation of the disease. Herein we report a case‐series of CVT, focusing on headache characteristics.MethodsEtiological, clinical, and radiological features of 25 consecutive adult patients with CVT were compiled from August 2005 to December 2013. Diagnosis of CVT was confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography. All patients underwent extensive systematic etiological and genetic work‐up at admission. A structured questionnaire about the characteristics of headache was responded by all participants.ResultsHeadache was reported by 23 out of 25 (92%) of participants, being by far the most frequent symptom. It was the sole manifestation in nearly one third of the patients (8/25, 32.0%). Headache was typically severe (19/23, 82.6%) and throbbing (16/23, 69.5%), with sudden onset (13/23, 56.5%) and non‐remitting (20/23, 86.9%) characteristics. The sinus most frequently involved was the transverse sinus (24/25, 96.0%), either alone or in association with other sinuses.ConclusionHeadache is the most frequent symptom and sometimes the sole presentation of CVT.
Optimization and development of stable w/o/w cosmetic multiple emulsions by means of the Quality by Design approach
Authors: Kovács A. , Erős I. , Csóka I. 
Published: June 2015

SynopsisObjectivesThe aim of our present work was to develop stable water‐in‐oil‐in‐water (w/o/w) cosmetic multiple emulsions that are proper for cosmetic use and can also be applied on the skin as pharmaceutical vehicles by means of Quality by Design (QbD) concept. This product design concept consists of a risk assessment step and also the ‘predetermination’ of the critical material attributes and process parameters of a stable multiple emulsion system. We have set up the hypothesis that the stability of multiple emulsions can be improved by the development based on such systematic planning – making a map of critical product parameters – so their industrial usage can be increased.MethodsThe risk assessment and the determination of critical physical–chemical stability parameters of w/o/w multiple emulsions to define critical control points were performed by means of quality tools and the leanqbd™ (QbD Works LLC, Fremont, CA, U.S.A.) software.ResultsCritical materials and process parameters: Based on the results of preformulation experiments, three factors, namely entrapped active agent, preparation methodology and shear rate, were found to be highly critical factors for critical quality attributes (CQAs) and for stability, whereas the nature of oil was found a medium level risk factor. The results of the risk assessment are the following: (i) droplet structure and size distribution should be evaluated together to be able to predict the stability issues, (ii) the presence of entrapped active agents had a great impact on droplet structure, (iii) the viscosity curves represent the structural changes during storage, if the decrease in relative viscosity is >15% the emulsion disintegrates, and (iv) it is enough to use the shear rate between 34g and 116g relative centrifugal force (RCF). CQAs: By risk assessment, we discovered that four factors should be considered to be high‐risk variables as compared to others: droplet size, droplet structure, viscosity and multiple character were found to be highly critical attributes.ConclusionThe preformulation experiment is the part of a development plan. On the basis of these results, the control strategy can be defined and a stable multiple emulsion can be ensured that meets the relevant stakeholders' quality expectations.
TRAF3, ubiquitination, and B‐lymphocyte regulation
Authors: Lin Wai W. , Hostager Bruce S. , Bishop Gail A. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThe signaling adapter protein tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)‐associated factor 3 (TRAF3) is both modified by and contributes to several types of ubiquitination events. TRAF3 plays a variety of context‐dependent regulatory roles in all types of immune cells. In B lymphocytes, TRAF3 contributes to regulation of signaling by members of both the TNFR superfamily and innate immune receptors. TRAF3 also plays a unique cell type‐specific and critical role in the restraint of B‐cell homeostatic survival, a role with important implications for both B‐cell differentiation and the pathogenesis of B‐cell malignancies. This review focuses upon the relationship between ubiquitin and TRAF3, and how this contributes to multiple functions of TRAF3 in the regulation of signal transduction, transcriptional activation, and effector functions of B lymphocytes.
Molecular mechanism and cellular function of MHCII ubiquitination
Authors: Oh Jaehak , Shin Jeoung‐Sook 
Published: June 2015

SummaryThe major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) is ubiquitinated via the evolutionarily conserved lysine in the cytoplasmic tail of the β chain in dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells. The ubiquitination is mediated by the membrane‐associated RING‐CH1 (MARCH1) ubiquitin ligase although it can be also mediated by the homologous ligase MARCH8 in model cell lines. The ubiquitination promotes MHCII endocytosis and lysosomal sorting that results in a reduction in the level of MHCII at cell surface. Functionally, MHCII ubiquitination serves as a means by which DCs suppress MHCII expression and reduce antigen presentation in response to the immune regulatory cytokine interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and regulatory T cells. Recently, additional roles of MHCII ubiquitination have emerged. MHCII ubiquitination promoted DC production of inflammatory cytokines in response to the Toll‐like receptor ligands. It also potentiated DC ability to activate antigen‐specific naive CD4+ T cells while limiting the amount of antigens presented at cell surface. Similarly, MHCII ubiquitination promoted DC activation of CD4+ thymocytes supporting regulatory T‐cell development independent of its effect of limiting antigen presentation. Thus, ubiquitination appears to confer MHCII a function independent of presenting antigens by a mechanism yet to be identified.
Ubiquitin‐dependent regulation of Foxp3 and Treg function
Authors: Barbi Joseph , Pardoll Drew M. , Pan Fan 
Published: June 2015

SummaryRegulatory T (Treg) cells are crucial enforcers of immune homeostasis. Their characteristic suppressive function largely arises from an equally unique pattern of gene expression. A complex network of factors and processes contribute to this ‘signature’ Treg gene expression landscape. Many of these alter the level and activity of the Treg‐defining transcription factor Foxp3. As stable expression of Foxp3 is important for the ability of Treg cells to successfully prevent excessive or inappropriate immune activation, uncovering the mechanisms regulating Foxp3 level is required for the understanding and therapeutic exploitation of Tregs. While transcriptional regulation of the Foxp3 gene has been studied in depth, additional regulatory layers exist controlling the expression and activity of this key transcription factor. These include less‐defined mechanisms active at the post‐translational level. These pathways are just beginning to be elucidated. Here, we summarize emerging evidence for distinct, post‐translationally active, ubiquitin‐dependent pathways capable of controlling the activation and expression of Foxp3 and the function of Tregs. These pathways offer untapped opportunities for therapeutic fine‐tuning of Tregs and their all‐important restraint of the immune system.
Modelling Wheat Stomatal Resistance in Hourly Time Steps from Micrometeorological Variables and Soil Water Status
Authors: Neukam D. , Böttcher U. , Kage H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAn accurate estimation of stomatal resistance (rS) also under drought stress conditions is of pivotal importance for any process‐based prediction of transpiration and the energy budget of real crop canopies and quantification of drought stress. A new model for rS was developed and parameterized for winter wheat using data from field experiments accounting for the influences of net radiation (RNet), air temperature (TAir) and vapour pressure deficit of the atmosphere (VPD) interacting with an average water potential in the rooted soil (ψRootedSoil). rS is simulated with a limiting factor approach as maximum of the metabolic (related to photosynthesis) and hydraulic (related to drought stress) acting influences assuming that, if drought stress occurs, it will dominate stomatal control: rS = max(rS(TAir), rS(RNet), rS(VPD, ψRootedSoil)). This transitional approach is suited to reproduce measured daily time courses of rS with a varying accuracy for the single measurement dates but performed satisfactorily for the whole data set (r2 = 0.63, RMSE = 59 s m−1, EF = 0.60). This new semi‐empiric approach calculates rS directly from external environmental conditions. Therefore, it can be easily implemented in existing model frameworks as link between operational crop growth models that use the concept of radiation use efficiency instead of mechanistic photosynthesis modelling and soil–vegetation–atmosphere transport models.