bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A preliminary model of forensic practitioner resilience within a learning disabilities service
Authors: Harvey Joel , Quinn Brian 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the complexities involved in the role of forensic practitioners working with people with learning disabilities and to put forward a preliminary model of forensic practitioner resilience.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a cross‐sectional qualitative design and samples ten professionals working within a forensic learning disabilities service.FindingsStaff identified a number of complexities in their role which included the presentation of the client group, risk assessment and management, multi‐agency working, and the emotional complexity of the work. A preliminary model of resilience was developed which set out factors that would help staff manage these complexities and work towards meeting the needs of service users. This model includes individual, proximal and wider systemic factors. It is argued that building relationships and establishing trust with service users, staff, and wider agencies is the bedrock of forensic practitioner resilience. Moreover, it is argued that an integrative model of multi‐disciplinary team working helps facilitate trust between staff and is underpinned by trust in the first place.Originality/valueThis paper makes an original contribution because it qualitatively examines how staff within a forensic learning disabilities service interpret their role and details the complexities involved in their jobs. It also puts forward a preliminary model of forensic practitioner resilience.
Preparing students to collaborate in the virtual work world
Authors: Long Lori K. , Meglich Patricia A. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe proliferation of inexpensive and accessible internet communication tools coupled with an increasingly geographically dispersed workforce has increased the use of virtual collaboration in the workplace. To prepare students for a virtual work environment, educators must provide classroom‐related opportunities to build students’ virtual collaboration skills. The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of virtual collaboration in the workplace, the implications for today's college graduates, and the need to provide students with experience in virtual collaboration. Finally, the paper provides a case study example of a course assignment to build virtual collaboration skills.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores preparing students to collaborate virtually through a literature review that builds an understanding of the challenges of virtual collaboration in today's workplace and the skills students must develop in order to effectively collaborate virtually. The paper then provides a case study example of a course assignment to help students build these skills.FindingsThis paper finds that virtual collaboration skills are needed for today's college graduates. Further the case study presented provides evidence that authentic course‐based assignments can help build those skills.Originality/valueWhile research has started to explore the effective use of virtual collaboration in the workplace, the current literature lacks direction for educators to help build the skills of future workers to prepare them for virtual collaboration.
Creating and evaluating an online and work‐based instructional model
Authors: Mardini Jane 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present and provide an evaluative study of a new Instructional Design Model for online and work‐based Learning.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is both evaluative and pragmatic, focusing on clear practical out‐workings. First, the rational for the development of a new Instructional Design Model is discussed. Next, the pilot is evaluated in the context of the experience of those involved and relevant issues are highlighted. Subsequently, the implications are emphasized and areas meriting further research shown.FindingsThe results demonstrate the integrity of the model with this group of students.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough small scale and having limited potential for generalisation outside the original context, the research makes the ways forward clear. These include, using the model in different contexts and examining further the ways in which links between theory and practice may be enhanced. In addition, emerging implications include the importance of developing online learning directly in the workplace, of using a constructivist approach and of fully integrating social interaction and assessments.Practical implicationsArguably, this research is of significant value in today's society where access to universities may be limited and effective online and work based learning may provide new options.Originality/valueThe paper is original, building on previous research and facilitating interconnections between the different fields. It has value in progressing research in the areas of constructivist instructional design models related to online and work‐based learning.
“Articles of faith”? Questioning the assumptions of disability welfare and benefits
Authors: Corlett Sophie 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe Policy Watch series reflects on recent and forthcoming developments in mental health policy across the UK. This paper aims to review the impact of welfare reforms on people with mental health problems. As well as focusing at specific problems with the current system, the paper criticises the general “direction of travel” in welfare policy and calls for a rethink of fundamental assumptions that underpin this.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews and summarizes recent and longer term developments in national welfare and benefits policy in England and Wales and their implications for people with mental health problems.FindingsThe paper describes how key components of the current disability benefits system are not working for people with mental health problems and also how the design of welfare reform over recent years has been ineffective for supporting the health and employment aspirations of people with mental health problems.Originality/valueThe paper updates and discusses knowledge on recent and forthcoming welfare reform and cites recent evidence from Government.
The linkage of social exclusion and poor mental health in minority Asian groups in Britain and America
Authors: Holttum Sue 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThis Research Watch aims to summarise two recent research papers on social exclusion and mental health within minority Asian population groups in the UK and USA.Design/methodology/approachA search was carried out for research papers with a mental health and social inclusion focus published within the past 12 months.FindingsThe first paper summarises 12 recent research papers on the experience of British South Asians of accessing health care for long term physical conditions and depression. Gaining access to health care was a complex process of negotiation between those seeking it and health service representatives. This process was hampered by lack of fit between patients' and clinicians' cultural context and understandings. The second paper summarises 14 questionnaire‐based research studies of the relationship between discrimination experiences and mental and physical health in Asian Americans, finding significant links between discrimination and mental and physical health.Originality/valueThe first paper's authors used recently developed, rigorous methods of summarising findings from multiple interview and focus group studies, arriving at a new understanding of the processes experienced by British South Asians when accessing services for health conditions, including depression. The second paper extends existing knowledge about links between discrimination and poor physical and mental health in American minority groups to Asian Americans, a group relatively overlooked hitherto.
Andrew Voyce in conversation with Jerome Carson
Authors: Voyce Andrew , Carson Jerome 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a profile of Andrew Voyce.Design/methodology/approachAndrew gives a short biography and is then interviewed by Jerome. Areas covered in the interview include the central role of Mrs Thatcher in closing down the old asylums, homelessness, education, benefits and digital art.FindingsAndrew's recovery from long term mental health problems has seen him return to higher education. He failed to get his undergraduate degree, but decades later and with the encouragement of workers in the community, he completed both undergraduate and postgraduate studies. He talks of the negative impact of asylum care, especially the terrible side effect of akathisia, which resulted from the depot neuroleptic medication.Originality/valueThis paper shows a remarkable journey of recovery, from a life of being a “revolving door” patient, to homelessness, to re‐establishing an ordinary life in the community. The inmate's perspective is one that has largely been absent from narratives of asylum care.
An approach of integrating force sensing and safety operation for manipulator
Authors: Xie Zongwu , Li Cao , Liu Hong 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to prove that the manipulator is able to contact the environment compliantly, and reduce the instantaneous collision impact.Design/methodology/approachCartesian impedance control law is introduced to interrelate the external force with the Cartesian position.FindingsWhen the estimated external force sensor feedback is the input of the on‐line trajectory regeneration, a novel online motion plan could be performed in a task‐consistent manner keeping the interaction force within the acceptable tolerance. The proposed approach also proves that the manipulator is able to contact the environment compliantly, and reduce the instantaneous collision impact. The virtual decomposition control, simplifying the Cartesian impedance control application of the manipulator and guaranteeing the asymptotical stability of the entire system, is implemented to actualize the approach. Furthermore, adaptive dynamics joint controller is extended to all the joints for complementing the biggish friction.Originality/valueWith the proposed adaptive Cartesian impedance control and the online path planner, the robot will be manipulation‐friendly in an unstructured environment.
Epiplakin modifies the motility of the HeLa cells and accumulates at the outer surfaces of 3‐D cell clusters
Authors: Shimada Hiromitsu , Nambu‐Niibori Akiko , Wilson‐Morifuji Masayo , Mizuguchi Souhei , Araki Norie , Sumiyoshi Hideaki , Sato Mitsuru , Mezaki Yoshihiro , Senoo Haruki , Ishikawa Kazushi , Hatano Yutaka , Okamoto Osamu , Fujiwara Sakuhei 
Published: February 2013

AbstractElimination of epiplakin (EPPK) by gene targeting in mice results in acceleration of keratinocyte migration during wound healing, suggesting that epithelial cellular EPPK may be important for the regulation of cellular motility. To study the function of EPPK, we developed EPPK knock‐down (KD) and EPPK‐overexpressing HeLa cells and analyzed cellular phenotypes and motility by fluorescence/differential interference contrast time‐lapse microscopy and immunolocalization of actin and vimentin. Cellular motility of EPPK‐KD cells was significantly elevated, but that of EPPK‐overexpressing cells was obviously depressed. Many spike‐like projections were observed on EPPK‐KD cells, with fewer such structures on overexpressing cells. By contrast, in EPPK‐KD cells, expression of E‐cadherin was unchanged but vimentin fibers were thinner and sparser than in controls, and they were more concentrated at the peri‐nucleus, as observed in migrating keratinocytes at wound edges in EPPK−/− mice. In Matrigel 3‐D cultures, EPPK co‐localized on the outer surface of cell clusters with zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1), a marker of tight junctions. Our results suggest that EPPK is associated with the machinery for cellular motility and contributes to tissue architecture via the rearrangement of intermediate filaments.
NEMO gene rearrangement (exon 4–10 deletion) and genotype–phenotype relationship in Japanese patients with incontinentia pigmenti and review of published work in Japanese patients
Authors: Okita Mayuko , Nakanishi Gen , Fujimoto Noriki , Shiomi Mariko , Yamada Taku , Wataya‐Kaneda Mari , Takijiri Chincho , Yokoyama Yoko , Sunohara Akiyo , Tanaka Toshihiro 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIncontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X‐linked dominant genodermatosis caused by mutations of the NEMO gene, which is required for activation of the nuclear factor‐κB signaling pathway. NEMO gene rearrangement, exon 4–10 deletion, is the most common mutation with a frequency of 60–80%. Only four case reports about NEMO rearrangement in Japanese IP cases have been published. In our study, NEMO gene rearrangement was examined in 10 Japanese IP patients and their mothers and was revealed in five of 10 patients and three of their mothers. Interestingly, NEMO gene rearrangement was confirmed in the mothers of two patients without clinical symptoms; thus, NEMO mutation analysis is helpful to detect subclinical IP patients. The clinical symptoms of recently diagnosed Japanese IP patients were summarized for examination of the phenotype–genotype relationship and for comparison between those with and without NEMO gene rearrangement. Results revealed no definite difference in extracutaneous manifestations between the patients with NEMO rearrangement in our study and in other Japanese IP patients previously reported in both Japanese and English‐language published work. However, there is higher frequency of ocular manifestation in our study than in other reports. Furthermore, evaluation of dental and nail abnormalities was difficult because most of our patients were observed for 1 year only. Long‐term observation is needed for proper evaluation of the clinical status and phenotype–genotype relationship in IP patients.
Beneficial microbes in a changing environment: are they always helping plants to deal with insects?
Authors: Pineda Ana , Dicke Marcel , Pieterse Corné M.J. , Pozo María J. 
Published: February 2013

Summary
Plants have a complex immune system that defends them against attackers (e.g. herbivores and microbial pathogens) but that also regulates the interactions with mutualistic organisms (e.g. mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria). Plants have to respond to multiple environmental challenges, so they need to integrate both signals associated with biotic and abiotic stresses in the most appropriate response to survive.
Beneficial microbes such as rhizobacteria and mycorrhizal fungi can help plants to ‘deal’ with pathogens and herbivorous insects as well as to tolerate abiotic stress. Therefore, beneficial microbes may play an important role in a changing environment, where abiotic and biotic stresses on plants are expected to increase. The effects of beneficial microbes on herbivores are highly context‐dependent, but little is known on what is driving such dependency. Recent evidence shows that abiotic stresses such as changes in soil nutrients, drought and salt stress, as well as ozone can modify the outcome of plant–microbe–insect interactions.
Here, we review how abiotic stress can affect plant–microbe, plant–insect and plant–microbe–insect interactions, and the role of the network of plant signal‐transduction pathways in regulating such interactions.
Most of the studies on the effects of abiotic stress on plant–microbe–insect interactions show that the effects of microbes on herbivores (positive or negative) are strengthened under stressful conditions. We propose that, at least in part, this is due to the crosstalk of the different plant signalling pathways triggered by each stress individually. By understanding the cross‐regulation mechanisms we may be able to predict the possible outcomes of plant‐microbe–insect interactions under particular abiotic stress conditions. We also propose that microbes can help plants to deal with insects mainly under conditions that compromise efficient activation of plant defences.
In the context of global change, it is crucial to understand how abiotic stresses will affect species interactions, especially those interactions that are beneficial for plants. The final aim of this review is to stimulate studies unravelling when these ‘beneficial’ microbes really benefit a plant.
Herbivory mediated by coupling between biomechanical traits of plants and grasshoppers
Authors: Ibanez Sébastien , Lavorel Sandra , Puijalon Sara , Moretti Marco 
Published: February 2013

Summary
Despite their potential to provide a mechanistic understanding of ecosystem processes, the functional traits that govern interaction networks remain poorly understood. We investigated the extent to which biomechanical traits are related to consumption in a plant–grasshopper herbivory network.
Using a choice experiment, we assessed the feeding patterns of 26 grasshopper species for 24 common plant species from subalpine grasslands. We quantified shear and punch toughness for each plant species, while grasshopper incisive and molar strengths were estimated by a lever mechanics model, following the measurement of mandibular traits.
Models incorporating co‐phylogenetic effects showed that the ratio between the grasshopper incisive strength and plant toughness, that reflects the cutting effort, is correlated with the mass of plant eaten. Moreover, a strong relationship between the incisive strength of the grasshoppers and the weighed mean toughness of the plants they eat was found.
Our results suggest that biomechanical constraints imposed by plants influence the evolution of grasshoppers' mandibular traits. Such scaling relationships offer promising avenues towards the understanding of trait – function links in interaction networks.
Breast milk and labour support: lactation consultants’ and doulas’ strategies for navigating the medical context of maternity care
Authors: Torres Jennifer M.C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article provides a comparison of two occupational groups working in maternity care: International Board Certified Lactation Consultants, who assist women with breastfeeding, and DONA International certified birth doulas, who provide physical, emotional and informational support to birthing women. Using interviews with 18 lactation consultants and 16 doulas working in the USA, I compare these two groups’ strategies for gaining entrance to the maternity care team and their abilities to create change in maternity care practices. Due to the organisation of occupational boundaries in maternity care and differences between the influence of the medicalisation of breastfeeding versus that of childbirth on those boundaries, lactation consultants are able to utilise a front‐door entrance to the medical maternity system, entering as lactation specialists and advocates, while doulas use a back‐door entrance, emphasising their care work and downplaying their advocacy. These different strategies result in different methods being available to each for effecting change. Lactation consultants create formal change, such as changing hospital policies and practices to be more pro‐breastfeeding. Doulas create change informally, ‘one birth at a time’, by creating space for natural birth to occur in the hospital, as well as exposing medical providers to non‐medical ways of giving birth.
Novel biomarkers for predicting intrauterine growth restriction: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Conde‐Agudelo A , Papageorghiou AT , Kennedy SH , Villar J 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundSeveral biomarkers for predicting intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have been proposed in recent years. However, the predictive performance of these biomarkers has not been systematically evaluated.ObjectiveTo determine the predictive accuracy of novel biomarkers for IUGR in women with singleton gestations.Search strategyElectronic databases, reference list checking and conference proceedings.Selection criteriaObservational studies that evaluated the accuracy of novel biomarkers proposed for predicting IUGR.Data collection and analysisData were extracted on characteristics, quality and predictive accuracy from each study to construct 2 × 2 tables. Summary receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivities, specificities and likelihood ratios (LRs) were generated.Main resultsA total of 53 studies, including 39 974 women and evaluating 37 novel biomarkers, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Overall, the predictive accuracy of angiogenic factors for IUGR was minimal (median pooled positive and negative LRs of 1.7, range 1.0–19.8; and 0.8, range 0.0–1.0, respectively). Two small case–control studies reported high predictive values for placental growth factor and angiopoietin‐2 only when IUGR was defined as birthweight centile with clinical or pathological evidence of fetal growth restriction. Biomarkers related to endothelial function/oxidative stress, placental protein/hormone, and others such as serum levels of vitamin D, urinary albumin : creatinine ratio, thyroid function tests and metabolomic profile had low predictive accuracy.ConclusionsNone of the novel biomarkers evaluated in this review are sufficiently accurate to recommend their use as predictors of IUGR in routine clinical practice. However, the use of biomarkers in combination with biophysical parameters and maternal characteristics could be more useful and merits further research.
The Effect of Pay‐for‐Performance in Nursing Homes: Evidence from State Medicaid Programs
Authors: Werner Rachel M. , Konetzka R. Tamara , Polsky Daniel 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivePay‐for‐performance (P4P) is commonly used to improve health care quality in the United States and is expected to be frequently implemented under the Affordable Care Act. However, evidence supporting its use is mixed with few large‐scale, rigorous evaluations of P4P. This study tests the effect of P4P on quality of care in a large‐scale setting—the implementation of P4P for nursing homes by state Medicaid agencies.Data Sources/Study Setting2001–2009 nursing home Minimum Data Set and Online Survey, Certification, and Reporting (OSCAR) datasets.Study DesignBetween 2001 and 2009, eight state Medicaid agencies adopted P4P programs in nursing homes. We use a difference‐in‐differences approach to test for changes in nursing home quality under P4P, taking advantage of the variation in timing of implementation across these eight states and using nursing homes in the 42 non‐P4P states plus Washington, DC as contemporaneous controls.Principal FindingsQuality improvement under P4P was inconsistent. While three clinical quality measures (the percent of residents being physically restrained, in moderate to severe pain, and developed pressure sores) improved with the implementation of P4P in states with P4P compared with states without P4P, other targeted quality measures either did not change or worsened. Of the two structural measures of quality that were tied to payment (total number of deficiencies and nurse staffing) deficiency rates worsened slightly under P4P while staffing levels did not change.ConclusionsMedicaid‐based P4P in nursing homes did not result in consistent improvements in nursing home quality. Expectations for improvement in nursing home care under P4P should be tempered.