bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineralization of equine proximal sesamoid bones precedes articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous enthesis maturation in early postgestational development
Authors: Okudaira Mana , Cresswell Erin N. , Wollman Caroline W. , McDonough Sean P. , Engiles Julie B. , Reesink Heidi L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To describe the development and maturation of equine proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs) in fetuses and young horses using radiography, microcomputed (micro)-CT, and histology.

METHODS
A descriptive study. Forelimb PSBs from 12 equids ranging in age from 105 days of gestation to 540 days postgestation were evaluated. Radiography was used for preliminary assessment of metacarpophalangeal joint and PSB mineralization, and micro-CT imaging was performed to assess mineralized PSBs. Tissue volume, bone volume fraction, height, width, depth, trabecular thickness, and anisotropy were quantified from midplanar micro-CT sections in 3 dimensions. Midsagittal PSB histologic sections stained with H&E and Safranin O/Fast Green were used to determine the ratio of ossification center to cartilage template size and to describe the formation and development of the cartilage template, ossification center, spherical growth plate, articular cartilage, and entheses.

RESULTS
Mineralization of equine PSBs is associated with cartilage canals and a spherical growth plate that undergoes endochondral ossification during the late gestation to early postgestational period. The apical, flexor, basilar, and articular ossification fronts demonstrate morphologic variability. Structural organization of the articular cartilage and entheses occurs concurrently with the development of an underlying plate of compact bone. At 540 days postgestation, the fibrocartilaginous entheses of the flexor cortex of the PSB had yet to mature.

CONCLUSIONS
Equine PSBs mineralize predominantly by endochondral ossification during the late gestation to early postgestational period. Mineralization precedes maturation of the articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous entheses.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The postgestational maturation of the PSB and its surrounding tissues may predispose young horses to developing lesions at these sites, such as apical avulsion fractures, warranting further investigation.
A Comparison Study of Cryopreservation of Seminal Fluid between Flinders Technology Associates (FTA-card) and Swab for Multiplex Short Tandem Repeats (STR) Analysis
Authors: Namaa Dhuha Salim , Al-Janabi Thooalnoon Younes , Al-Sammarraie Halah Khalid Ibrahim , Mahdi Asia Abd-Alatief , AL-Rubai Haider K. 
Published: July 2024

Background Whatman™ FTA (Flinders Technology Associates) is a form of card soaked in chemicals that denatures proteins while protecting DNA and ensuring the safe handling of dried body fluid spots (blood, semen, and saliva) and buccal cells. To this day, these cards are still infrequently used in forensic science. Therefore, reference samples including biological material may be collected on FTA cards for genetic analysis that have been widely used for DNA preservation and analysis, particularly in forensic sciences and genetic studies. The goal of the study was to evaluate the effects of cryopreservation on DNA quantitative and short tandem repeats (STR) profiling by comparing the yield and quality of DNA extracted before and after cryopreservation using FTA card and swabs in the forensic analysis. The mean total DNA concentration and the purity of seminal fluid from FTA-cards and swabs before and after sperm cryopreservation were measured by using nano-drop spectrophotometer (93.688 ± 12.5) (90.94 ± 13.9) ng/ µl; ( 221.07 ± 20.97)( 135.47 ± 19.6) ng/ µl respectively. Also a highly significant difference (p<0.001) was detected when the results of concentration DNA on FTA card were compared with dilution using wash media before and after sperm cryopreservation. Whereas significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between DNA concentration on FTA card with and without dilution after sperm cryopreservation. STR loci were present in the majority of data, particularly in FTA-card and swab samples where results explained that 100% of STR profiles were present in all 15 loci, both before and after sperm cryopreservation. In contrast to the conventional method of storing and analyzing STR profiling, it can be concluded that seminal fluid samples taken by FTA card and swabs can be taken and stored for a time by cryopreservation, leads to maintaining DNA integration in the field of criminal research.
Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC ß-Lactamases in Clinical Isolates of Multiple Drug-Resistant Escherichia coli
Authors: Al-Hasani Halah M.H. , Al-Rubaye Dalal S. , Abdelhameed Alyaa 
Published: July 2024

The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases in multiple-drug-resistant Escherichia coli (e.g., multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR)) collected from hospitalized patients in Baghdad. The results showed that the prevalence of ESBLs among E.coli isolates was high. From the total 113 E.coli isolates, 75 (66.37%) were ESBL-producing, while 38 (33.63%) were non-ESBL-producing. Out of 75 ESBL-positive isolates, 39 (52%) were obtained from females and 36 (48%) from males. Additionally, 43 (57.33%) isolates were collected from urine samples, and the highest production of ESBLs was obtained from the age group 41–60 years (29.33%). Moreover, out of 111 MDR E.coli, 64 (57.66%) exhibited a positive ESBL test, while 47 (42.34%) did not. Out of 24 XDR E.coli isolates, 11 (45.83%) demonstrated positive ESBLs, while 13 (54.17%) showed negative ESBLs. The antimicrobial susceptibility test results showed that positive ESBL E.coli isolates were more drug-resistant than negative ESBL isolates. The positive ESBLs of E.coli exhibited a higher resistance rate to the β-lactam antibiotics and showed a co-resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics. Phenotypic detection of AmpC β-lactamase by the screening of cefoxitin-resistant isolates revealed that 43 (38.05%) isolates were considered positive for AmpC β-lactamase production. However, the PCR technique gives different results. In conclusion, the prevalence of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase producing E. coli is rapidly increasing among clinical isolates of MDR, XDR, and possibly PDR E.coli.
Determining the Genetic Markers of Schizophrenia using Molecular Diagnosis
Authors: Ismaeel Haneen M. , Badro Hayba , Khazaal Ali Q. , Ahmed Najwa Shihab 
Published: July 2024

Schizophrenia poses a considerable disease burden, notwithstanding its relatively low incidence rate. The escalation in population size and mean age has led to a substantial rise in the incidence of illness linked to schizophrenia, particularly in countries with moderate levels of prosperity. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to detect and recognize the illness as fast as possible to stop the consequences from occurring and stop symptoms from appearing before they even start. Within this study’s scope, fifteen distinct primers were selected randomly to determine whether or not they could recognize schizophrenia. To accomplish this, a Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) was conducted utilizing DNA samples obtained from individuals afflicted with the condition and those in good health. The outcomes of the gel electrophoresis and subsequent analysis revealed that solely three primers including C12, E02 and E03 exhibited monomorphic characteristics. However, it was observed that 80% of the primers, precisely eleven out of fifteen, exhibited polymorphism. The results indicated that among the 15 primers tested, the primer labeled as H01 failed to generate any detectable bands. Subsequent examination of the polymorphic primers revealed that the primer efficiency varied between 0 and 0.0755, while the discrimination power ranged from 0 to 20 percent. The study observed variations in the frequency of disease occurrence between patients and healthy individuals. H05 primer utilization yielded three distinct polymorphic bands exhibiting diverse lengths. The band exhibiting the greatest length measured 1190 bp, whereas the other two bands had 480 and 430 bp lengths respectively. The two polymorphic bands exhibited 100% prevalence in the patient population while being completely absent in the healthy control group. Based on the available data, it appears that utilizing this primer to identify schizophrenia is a valid and valuable claim. Overall, DNA-based diagnostics may overlook a number of difficulties as laboratories have the ability to extract DNA from various sources easily. In this scenario, molecular and genetic techniques may be crucial for diagnosing some diseases.
Numerical Solution of European Put Option for Black-Scholes Model Using Keller Box Method
Authors: Mardianto Lutfi , Putra Gusrian , Pratama Benediktus Ivan , Putri Endah R. M. 
Published: July 2024

In this study, we propose to determine option pricing by using Black-Scholes model numerically. The Keller box method, a numerical method with a box-shaped implicit scheme, is chosen to solve the problem of pricing stock options, especiallyÂ European-put option. This option pricing involves several parameters such as stockÂ price volatility, risk-free interest rate and strike price. The numerical stability of theÂ method is checked using Von Neumann stability before the simulation is conducted. TheÂ influence of interest rates, volatility, and strike price on the option price state that theÂ higher the value of the interest rate parameter, the lower the option price value, whileÂ the greater the value of stock price volatility and strike price, the higher the option price.
Filariasis en Colombia: Prevalencia de mansonellosis en la población joven y adulta de la orilla colombiana del Río Amazonas, Comisaría del Amazonas.
Authors: Kozek Wieslaw J , D’Alessandro Antonio , Silva H Juan , Navarrete Silvia N 
Published: July 2024

Se estudió la prevalencia y distribución de mansonellosis entre los habitantes de 16 aldeas y poblaciones de la orilla colombiana del Río Amazonas (Comisaría del Amazonas) y en una aldea peruana vecina. La tasa promedio de prevalencia en las muestras de sangre colectadas (método de Knott) de 535 residentes fue 47.1%; los rangos en las aldeas individuales oscilaron de 15.6% a 84.6%. La infección fue más común en hombres (55%) que en mujeres (42%) y aumentó con la edad en ambos sexos. Aproximadamente 80% de las personas infectadas tenían menos de 200 microfilarias/mL de sangre periférica, y en casi 10% excedían de 1.000/ml. Los indios huitotos, residentes en el kilómetro 11, uno de los 2 asentamientos poblados por inmigrantes no tuvieron infección; 60% de los indios yaguas de origen peruano que vivían en el otro (La Maloca), estaban infectados. Las tasas de prevalencia altas en ciertas aldeas y el número elevado de microfilarias circulantes en algunas personas sugieren una transmisión local activa. La prevalencia de mansonellosis en esta área del Amazonas colombiano es similar a la descubierta en las áreas cercanas a Brasil, e indica que esta región es parte de un foco mayor que se extiende a lo largo del Amazonas desde Brasil al Perú e incluye una porción de Colombia. Aunque la tasa de prevalencia de mansonellosis en esta parte de la Comisaría del Amazonas es la segunda más alta encontrada hasta la fecha en Colombia, estos hallazgos no se deben extrapolar para indicar que hay una prevalencia semejante en toda la Comisaría. Se necesitan estudios adicionales que determinen la distribución y prevalencia de mansonellosis en otras regiones de la Comisaría que no se incluyeron en este estudio.
Correlación entre la duración clínica y la intensidad de las concentraciones uterinas en el parto humano.
Authors: Cobo Edgar 
Published: July 2024

La correlación entre la duración clínica y la intensidad de las concentraciones uterinas, no se ha establecido hasta ahora. En este trabajo se estudia ese parámetro y se informan los resultados obtenidos midiendo como duración clínica, la que se puede cuantificar cuando la contracción alcanza el valor de 20 mmHg. La duración promedio en 55 partos estudiados fue 39.4 ± 0.87 segundos, valor similar al de la intensidad que fue 39.4 ± 0.87 mmHg. El coeficiente de correlación fue alto (0.81) y la ecuación de regresión (y=20 427 + 0.73X) permitió construir una recta donde se observó que los valores normales de intensidad se corresponden con los de duración clínica. Además, como ocurre con la intensidad, la duración clínica aumenta significativamente al final del primer periodo del parto. Las contracciones inducidas con oxitocina presentan el mismo comportamiento de las espontáneas; en cambio, las contracciones incoordinadas no muestran las relaciones descritas atrás.
Correspondencia.
Authors: Sin Autor Sin Autor 
Published: July 2024

Doctor.FRANCISCO FALABELLA F.Editor.Revista Colombia Médica. Apreciado doctor Falabella. En el volumen 15 N° 2 de la Revista Colombia Médica apareció un articulo original titulado "Gasto Privado en Salud. Colombia 1977-1980". Por algún error, el articulo aparece solo con mi autoría cuando deberia aparecer con autoría compartida con el doctor Freddy Velandia.Yo le agradeceria se sirviese tomar en cuenta esta observación y hacer la fe de erratas correspondiente.Un cordial Saludo,Francisco J. Yepes L.Profesor InvestigadorAdministración de Salud.Universidad JaverianaBogotá, D. E.
Resultados del uso de la técnica microquirúrgica en el manejo del factor tuboperitoneal en la infertilidad.
Authors: Saavedra S. Jaime 
Published: July 2024

Como la microcirugía es el mejor procedimiento para tratar la infertilidad por factores tuboperitoneales, se describen detalladamente las técnicas microquirúrgicas que se utilizaron en 43 mujeres infértiles por alteraciones tuboperitoneales y a quienes se controló por 24 meses. Se realizaron 3 tipos de intervenciones: anastomosis tubárica post ligadura; 14; salpingostomía, 12; y fimbrioplastia, 17. En todas se obtuvieron embarazos intrauterinos, a saber, 64.3%, 25 % y 58.8%. que llegaron a término en las siguientes proporciones: 35.7%, 16.6% y 23.5%, respectivamente.
Cardiomiopatías de origen oscuro en Cali
Authors: Araujo Jorge , Sanchez Gilberto , Gutierrez Javier 
Published: July 2024

Cuarenta y un pacientes con enfermedades cardíacas de etiología desconocida vistos en Cali, Colombia, fueron estudiados clínicamente, patológicamente y con procedimientos de laboratorio, los cuales incluyeron electrocardiogramas, radiografías de tórax, y, en algunos casos, cateterismo cardíaco.
Patológicamente, se definieron tres grupos. El Grupo I ( 33 pacientes ) se caracterizó por lesiones degenerativas del músculo cardíaco; 12 casos estaban asociados con otras condiciones tales como el rasgo de células falciformes, hipertiroidismo, estados post-parto, y alcoholismo. El Grupo II ( 4 pacientes) mostró fibrosis endomiocárdica predominante. El Grupo III consistió de 4 pacientes con miocarditis. Con la excepción de un caso de fibrosis endomiocárdica que sugería enfermedad valvular reumática, el cuadro clínico de los tres grupos fue similar.
Se discuten posibilidades etiológicas tales como enfermedad de Chagas, desnutrición, anormalidad de células falciformes, anemia y parásitos intestinales.
Una encuesta comunal como método de enseñanza en la parasitología médica.
Authors: Ayala Stephen C. , De Sanchez Carmen E. , De Quintero Olga Beatriz , Gómez. Ernesto 
Published: July 2024

En el curso de parasitología médica para estudiantes de 4° año de Medicina en la Universidad del Valle, se utilizó el método de encuesta para estudiar la epidemiología, diagnóstico y evaluación de los parásitos intestinales. Se examinaron 174 personas de la Unión de Vivienda Popular, un barrio de escasos recursos económicos de Cali. El primer día los estudiantes lograron diagnosticar la mayoría de los helmintos, pero sólo durante el segundo día desarrollaron la confianza en su capacidad de identificar los protozoarios. La alta tasa de infección (96%) encontrada hizo obvia la necesidad de saber la gravedad de una infección para entender su importancia. La mayoría del as personas tenían varios parásitos patógenos. La distribución familiar de infecciones según intensidad mostró una curva bimodal.
Costs of processing in the interventionist cardiology field in patients of coronary illness in Seguro Social, Valle del Cauca Section, November 2003-December 2004.
Authors: Rodríguez Hernán 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Coronary illness affects a high proportion of affiliated with the Seguro Social (ISS) Departamento (=State) Valle del Cauca. This paper describes the costs in the specialty of interventionist cardiology of the Health Promoter Enterprise (EPS) because of this illness among November 2003-December 2004. The costs are larger than the budget of the ISS for this illness. This unbalance inside security social system contemporary in Colombia, that is a contributive regime, affects to the ISS because a high number of affiliated are adults of 45 years. The compensated population of the ISS Valle del Cauca is 423,440 people of which 43% is older 45 years, segment of age that concentrates the risk of coronary illness. Metodology: It is a descriptive study. It analyses the distribution of compensated population by age and sex; besides the payment of ISS Valle del Cauca to the Health Institutions (IPS) in the interventionist cardiology specialty. The information was taken of the register made by the IPS to the Social Secure Institute and crossed with the Individual Registers of Procedures in Health (RIPS) to identify the patients with coronary illness and to rate them in accordance with the International Illness Codes (CIE 10) likewise the book about activities, Processing and Interventions of the Obligatory Health Program (MAPIPOS). Universe: 1,349 processing. The population was 1,103 affiliated patients with the Seguro Social with coronary illness diagnoses. Analysis and results: The compensated population of ISS represents 9.3% of Valle del Cauca population (4’532,378 inhabitants in the Departamento and 423,400 compensated). Of them 43% are 45 years old or more and are in risk for suffering coronary illness and need medical intervention. The ISS Valle del Cauca paid out to IPS with interventionist cardiology services the total of $5’320,786.046 more of five thousand millions pesos for 1,349 procedures realized to 1103 patients of coronary illness. This money represents 39% of the total budget to general contracting for that period. Conclusions: The Social Secure Valle del Cauca paid 2/5 parts of its budget in health services in procedures of interventionist cardiology during November 2003 to December 2004. The proportion of costs in this kind of intervention is high relating the great compensated population oldest of 45 years (43%) registered in ISS. There is an unbalance in the compensated population in ISS Valle del Cauca because after this age there is a higher concentration of the risk to suffer coronary illness and to need medical intervention. This situation is a threat to the financial stability of ISS Valle del Cauca section.
Health reform and malaria control in two endemic areas of Colombia, 1982-2004.
Authors: Jiménez Mónica Marcela , Hinestroza Yenifer , Gómez Rubén Darío 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: During the last years Colombian health policy has experienced deep changes whose effects on public health are controversial. Objectives: Case study carried out in two municipalities in order to describe the changes in malaria control program and its relationship with Colombian health reforms. Methodology: The municipalities of Zaragoza and Tarazá were selected because they present high rates of malaria incidence in the department (state) of Antioquia, Colombia. The study combined qualitative and quantitative techniques to obtain and to process the information. The official files of the program were analyzed for the period 1982-2004. Key informants, selected by their experience with malaria and its control programs, were interviewed. Results: In connection with the policy for malaria control, three moments were identified: the vertical program under Ministry of Health (1975-1982) responsability; the departmental program (1983­1990); and the organization of the program according to the regulated competition model (1991-2004). During the second moment improvement in the control activities accompanied by a reduction of the mortality were observed. Since 1991, a deterioration in the control of malaria, associated to the decentralization and the subjection of the sanitary politics to the principles of the market, was noted; this deterioration is characterized by the progressive lost of force of the responsibility of the State on malaria control, the loss of the installed capacity and the Know-How, the fragmentation of control actions, the collapse of information systems and the deterioration of mortality and morbidity indicators. Conclusions: Both observed cases suggest a detriment in the efficiency, effectiveness and quality of malaria control actions, associated with health reforms implemented in Colombia since 90s, which could also be present in other municipalities of the country.
Uveitis in patients with diagnosis of seronegative spondyloarthropathies. Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia.
Authors: Molina Carlos Andrés , Donado Jorge Hernando , Vélez Liliana María , Martínez Natalia Andrea , Rivera Ana Isabel 
Published: July 2024

Objective: To describe the inflammatory ocular manifestations in patients with diagnosis of spondyloarthropathies. Design: Descriptive study, longitudinal series of cases. Methods: In patients fulfilling inclusion criteria was carried out a complete ophthalmologic examination. The medical histories were revised. Data were registered in a previously built form. Results and conclusions: Frequency of uveitis, 37.5%; unilateral, 88.9%; and bilateral, 11.1%; not alternating, 88.9%; recurrence, 77.8%; anterior uveitis, 88.9%; cataracts were the main complication; in most of the patients the inflammation was resolved spontaneously; ocular inflammation usually was present after the beginning of the systemic symptoms. The most frequent spondyloarthropathy was ankylosing spondylitis in 58.3%. In conclusion, this study describes the connection between uveitis and spondyloarthropathies as given in the literature and it represents the first study showing this relationship behavior in Medellín, Colombia.