bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evangelische Ethik in der pluralen Gesellschaft
Authors: Schäuble Wolfgang 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Politics in a democratic society is about securing the safety of all citizens while exercising the largest possible amount of openness and tolerance at the same time. But what is the role of Protestant ethics in such a society? Religion and politics are strongly interlinked, but of course not in a legal sense as the state has to remain religiously neutral. So there is nothing like »Christian politics« but there are Christians who have a political voice that needs to be raised in order to be heard. Protestants have a long tradition of publicly articulating their religious thoughts and political ideas. The concept of human dignity in Article 1 of our constitution, for example, has its roots in the belief that human life is a gift from God and does not despend on human merits. Such an articulation is essential for a state that exists on foundations and values that it cannot provide itself, as the former judge of the Constitutional Court, E.-W. Böckenförde, pointed out. The Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik can claim a lot of credit for the fact, that theologians and philosophers, politicans and scientists have used that forum over the last decades to articulate their views on topics concerning ethics. The variety of their positions is necessary and essential to guarantee freedom and a pluralism of opinions in our society. One experience from the First German Islam Conference, which was initiated by the Minister of State in 2006, is that a society discussing the hard questions of integration, tolerance or religious beliefs, depends on those spaces where all our substantial controversies about ethics, politics and religion can be discussed
Two Possibile Hormonal Treatment Methods for Inducing Follicular Growth in Dairy Cows With Inactive-Static Ovaries
Authors: Atanasov Branko , Mickov Ljupco , Esmerov Igor , Ilievska Ksenija , Nikolovski Martin , Dovenski Toni 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Postpartum anestrus is a physiological phenomenon in high-producing dairy cows. Static ovaries have been related as major contributors for its occurrence causing a significant reproductive problem to the dairy industry. Different treatment methods have been employed with inconsistent rate of success in initiation of cyclicity, requiring further investigations in order to achieve satisfactory results. The aim of the present study was to compare the ovarian response in cows diagnosed with static ovaries, more than 60 days postpartum using two different hormonal treatment (GnRH and eCG) methods. A total of 58 acyclic cows (no CL, follicles<8mm, P4<0.5ng/mL) were randomly divided into three groups: GnRH (Group 1, n=23), eCG (Group 2, n=23) and Controls (n=12), and allocated thereafter, into subgroups according to the applied doses of GnRH (100μg or 250μg); eCG (750 IU or 1000 IU) whilst control group cows were left untreated. Daily follicular growth rate and treatment respond interval were estimated based on repeated ultrasound examinations. Blood serum P4 sampling was done on d -7, d-0 (start of the experiment) and on d 7 after ovulation. Resumption of cyclic activity occurred in 55.17% (32/58) of the treated cows, 56.52% in Group 1; 60.86% in Group 2 and 41.66% in the control group. Overall, the follicular growth rate was similar between the trials group and significant with regard to the cows in the control group (p<0.05). eCG or GnRH treated cows responded significantly faster 6.85±0.2 and 7.84±0.2 days, respectively, in comparison to the control group cows (17±0.7 days, p<0.001). Treatment with a single dose of GnRH or eCG caused resumption of follicular growth and ovulation following luteogenesis (forming CL) without significant changes in P4 concentrations on day 7 after ovulation (p>0.05). Cows in Group 2 had significantly higher incidence of multiple ovulations than cows in Group 1 (p<0.05). The eCG treatment resulted in a faster response and higher ovulation rate compared to GnRH treatment. In conclusion, both treatments have shown acceptable results in resumption of cyclicity in dairy cows with static ovaries.
Wavelet based technique for multi-crack detection of a beam-like structure using the vibration data measured directly from a moving vehicle
Authors: Viet Khoa Nguyen , Thanh Hai Tran 
Published: September 2014

In this paper an idea for crack detection of a multi-cracked beam-like structure by analyzing the vibration measured directly from the vehicle is presented. The crack model is adopted from fracture mechanics. The dynamic response of the bridge-vehicle system is measured directly from the moving vehicle. When the vehicle moves along the structure, the dynamic response of the vehicle is distorted by the cracks at their locations. These distortions are generally small and difficult to be detected visually. In order to detect the cracks, Wavelet Transform - an effective method of detecting such small distortions was adopted. The existence of the cracks can be revealed by large values (peaks) in the wavelet transform. Locations of the cracks can be determined by positions of the peaks and the vehicle speed. Numerical results show that the method can detect cracks as small as 10 % of the beam height with noise level up to 5%. The proposed method is applicable for low velocity-movements while high velocity-movements are not recommended.
Experimental study on Young's modulus E of a polymer composite reinforced by nano titanium dioxide particles
Authors: Duc Nguyen Dinh , Minh Dinh Khac 
Published: September 2014

There are many formulas proposed by different authors in order to determine elastic modules for composite filler particles. This article aims to present the experiment's results and to review some formulas for determining Young's modulus of elasticity E of the polyester filler titanium dioxide particles composite. The results showed that there was a relatively good fit between theory and practice of some formulas.
Development of hydrogel-based MEMS piezoresistive sensors for detection of solution pH and glucose concentration
Authors: Thong Trinh Quang , Guenther Margarita , Gerlach Gerald 
Published: September 2014

Hydrogels are water-swollen polymeric materials that maintain a distinct three-dimensional structure. Manipulation of hydrogel structure has produced stimuli sensitive hydrogels, which change their swelling degree or undergo phase transition in response to minimal changes in environmental conditions. This paper presents the development of hydrogel-based sensors for measurement of solution pH and glucose concentration using commercial MEMS piezoresistive pressure transducers. pH-sensitive PVA/PAA and glucose-sensitive AAm/3-APB/BIS hydrogels are used in the experiments. Two types of sensor packaging, one is used as solution container and the other used to dip into solution have been performed. The measurements for different solutions having pH values between 1 to 11 and glucose concentrations between 2.5 mM and 15 mM have been carried out. The output characteristics of sensors have been demonstrated showing the long-term reproduction and relatively good sensitivity, namely approximately 20 mV/pH for pH sensor and 7 mV/1 mM of glucose concentration for glucose sensor.
Molecules sensing layer design of piezoresistive cantilever sensor for higher surface stress sensitivity
Authors: Yin Tsung-I , Nguyen Tien Anh 
Published: September 2014

This paper reports on molecular sensing layer design of a piezoresistive cantilever sensor for higher surface stress sensitivity. The proposed analyses show that the previous understanding of piezoresistive cantilevers for surface stress measurement requires reconsideration for a cantilever utilizing polycrystalline silicon as a piezoresistor. The integration of the molecular sensing layer stripe pattern design to the cantilever effectively improves the piezoresistive output and utilizes the full sensing area of the cantilever surface. The proposed sensing layer design can be effectively integrated to current piezoresistive cantilever sensors to improve sensor performance in biochemical assays.
Van Der Pol-Duffing oscillator under combined harmonic and random excitations
Authors: Anh N. D. , Zakovorotny V. L. , Hao D. N. 
Published: September 2014

A new technique is proposed to investigate the response of Van der Pol-Duffing (V-D for short) oscillator to a combination of harmonic and random excitations in the primary resonant frequency region. The analytical approach is based on the stochastic averaging method and equivalent linearization method. The stochastic averaging is applied to the original equation transformed into Cartesian coordinates. Then the resulting nonlinear averaged equations are linearized by the equivalent linearization method so that the equations obtained can be solved exactly by the technique of auxiliary function. Numerical results show that the proposed approximate technique is an effective approach to solving the V-D equation. Although the technique has been used for the V-D equation in the paper, however, it can also be used to solve many other nonlinear oscillators.
An analytical approach to analyze nonlinear dynamic response of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded circular cylindrical shells subjected to time dependent axial compression and external pressure. Part 1: Governing equations establishment
Authors: Dung Dao Van , Nam Vu Hoai 
Published: September 2014

Based on the classical thin shell theory with the geometrical nonlinearity in von Karman-Donnell sense, the smeared stiffener technique and Galerkin method, this paper deals with the nonlinear dynamic problem of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded circular cylindrical shells subjected to time dependent axial compression and external pressure by analytical approach. The present novelty is that an approximate three-term solution of deflection taking into account the nonlinear buckling shape is chosen, the nonlinear dynamic second-order differential three equations system is established and the frequency-amplitude relation of nonlinear vibration is obtained in explicit form.
Estimation of car air resistance by CFD method
Authors: Tuan Phan Anh , Quang Vu Duy 
Published: September 2014

Total car resistance is including rolling resistance and air resistance. Rolling resistance comes from car tires when it rolls over the roads with car weight. Air resistance comes from the body when it moves in the air with car body surface area. The air resistance of a car depends upon its shape. The bigger the surface area of a car body, the more air molecules the car will hit and so the larger the air resistance. This paper will mention to estimation of car air resistance by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. A 3D car body has used for simulation in ANSYS FLUENT CFD software. The k-\(\varepsilon\) turbulence model and segregated implicit solver was used to perform computation in this study.
Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Is Increased in Patients with Impaired Bone Density
Authors: Kotaška Karel , Kolárová Jitka , Jedličková Blanka , Čepová Jana , Kotaška Jan , Průša Richard 
Published: September 2014

Summary
Background: Increased levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 are associated with atherosclerosis, and may contribute to cardiac disease. The aim of this study was to analyze serum levels of lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in patients with impaired bone resorption and correlate the findings with markers of bone metabolism (osteocalcin) and other biochemical markers (cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, triacylglycerols).
Methods: Serum Lp-PLA2 was measured by a turbidimetric method in a group of currently treated 85 patients with impaired bone resorption and in a control group of 46 healthy individuals. Serum triacylglycerols was measured by the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triacylglycerols were measured by commercially available enzymatic assays. Bone density was investigated by dual energy X-ray densitometry performed on the lower spine and hips.
Results: Concentrations of LP-PLA2 were significantly elevated in the patients with bone resorption compared to the control group of healthy individuals (225 ng/mL vs. 192 ng/mL, p>0.001) with the highest difference in patients with a T score below –2.5 SD (227 vs. 192 ng/mL). Serum levels of Lp-PLA2 also negatively correlated with decreased levels of serum osteocalcin in patients, and a significant difference in Lp-PLA2 (p=0.02) levels was observed between the control group and group with low levels of osteocalcin. Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels were significantly associated with the therapeutic procedures used, but not with age, gender and concentration of lipids.
Conclusions: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 seems to play an important role also in bone metabolism.
Telling the Right Story: Environmental Violence and Liberation Narratives
Authors: Barca Stefania 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Half a century ago, Silent Spring showed the world how violence against living and non-living matter, by way of petrochemcial contamination, is related to violence against humans. This is a fundamental lesson of twentieth century environmental thinking, I argue, that environmental historians should carry with them into the twenty-first. The first part of the paper draws attention on the category of environmental violence. I argue that environmental degradation and social inequality have common historical roots, lying within the sphere of corporate and/or State 'development' policies, premised on the production of sacrifice zones and disposable bodies. Environmental violence, in other words, acts according to configurations of environmental injustice. In the second part, I call attention on the ways in which industrial development in post-war Europe has produced certain forms of environmental violence which have deeply affected human and non-human life in a multitude of places, and offer some insights into how this could be analysed by environmental historians.
Environmental and Veterinary History - Some Themes and Suggested Ways Forward
Authors: Brown Karen 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This article gives an overview of a number of contemporary trends in veterinary and environmental history. It opens with some ideas as to why veterinary history has become more popular in recent years and suggests that the global publicity granted to zoonotic diseases may be part of the reason. Our close links with domestic and indeed wild animals make us susceptible to disease spillovers from other species. The introductory section is followed by some discussion of the European historiography, where infections such as the cattle disease rinderpest have featured strongly. Efforts to control infections such as rinderpest played an important role in strengthening the regulatory power of many European, and indeed colonial, states. The final part focuses on Africa where interviews have indicated strong linkages between the state of the environment and outbreaks of livestock diseases. Finally, there are some suggestions about ways forward, with an emphasis on studies of local knowledge as a prism through which to explore veterinary and environmental histories in tandem.
Generation of a Chimeric Hepatitis C Replicon Encoding a Genotype-6a NS3 Protease and Assessment of Boceprevir (SCH503034) Sensitivity and Drug-Associated Mutations
Authors: Aloia Amanda L , Eyre Nicholas S , Black Stuart , Bent Stephen J , Gaeguta Adriana , Guo Zhuyan , Narayana Sumudu K , Chase Robert , Locarnini Stephen , Carr Jill M , Howe John A , Beard Michael R 
Published: September 2014

Background Genotype (gt)6 HCV is common amongst HCV-positive populations of the Asia–Pacific region but cell culture models for this gt have only recently been developed. Boceprevir (SCH503034) is a clinically available inhibitor of the HCV NS3 protein. We investigated the efficacy of boceprevir for inhibiting replication of a chimeric gt1b replicon encoding a gt6a NS3 protease and defined the development of mutations in the protease when boceprevir treatment was applied. Methods We constructed a chimeric gt1b subgenomic replicon encoding a gt6 NS3 protease (NS3p) sequence (gt6NS3p_gt1b). The boceprevir EC50 value against replication of this replicon was determined using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Next-generation sequencing was used to identify nucleotide changes associated with boceprevir resistance. The replication capacities of chimeric replicons containing mutations associated with boceprevir resistance were determined by colony formation efficiency assays. Results The boceprevir EC50 value for the gt6NS3p_gt1b replicon was 535 ±79 nM. Boceprevir-resistant gt6NS3p_gt1b replicon cell lines could be selected and they demonstrated drug-associated amino acid changes that have previously been reported in other HCV gts. Interestingly, no mutations were observed at A156, a position defined for boceprevir resistance in gt1 NS3p, while mutation at N122, which is rarely reported in boceprevir-resistant gt1 proteases, was frequently observed. Re-introduction of these mutations into the chimeric replicon altered their replication capacity, ranging from complete abolishment of replication (A156T) to increasing replication capacity (V36A, N122S). This report provides the first characterization of gt6 HCV resistance to boceprevir. Conclusions A chimeric HCV replicon encoding gt6 NS3 protease is sensitive to boceprevir and develops drug-resistant mutations at amino acid sites previously reported for other gts. Mutation at N122 also appears to be associated with boceprevir resistance in the gt6 NS3 protease.
Experimenting Clinical Pathways in General Practice: A Focus Group Investigation with Italian General Practitioners
Authors: Zannini Lucia , Cattaneo Cesarina , Peduzzi Paolo , Lopiccoli Silvia , Auxilia Francesco 
Published: September 2014

Background Clinical governance is considered crucial in primary care. Since 2005, clinical pathways have been experimentally implemented at the Local Health Authority of Monza Brianza (ASLMB), Italy, to develop general practitioners’ (GPs) care of patients affected by some chronic diseases. The experimentation was aimed at introducing clinical governance in primary care, increasing GPs’ involvement in the care of their patients, and improving both patients’ and professionals’ satisfaction. In the period 2005-2006, 12% of the 763 employed GPs in the ASLMB were involved in the experiment, while this percentage increased to 15-20% in 2007-2008. Design and Methods Twenty-four GPs were purposively sampled, randomly divided into two groups and asked to participate in focus groups (FGs) held in 2008, aimed at evaluating their perception of the experiment. The FGs were audio-recorded, dialogues were typed out and undergone to a thematic analysis, according to the Interpretative Phenomenological Approach. Results Four major themes emerged: i) clinical pathways can result in GPs working in a more efficient and effective fashion; ii) they can assure higher levels of both patient and professional satisfaction, since they sustain a caring approach and strengthen the GPs’ role; iii) nevertheless, clinical pathways increase the bureaucratic workload and problems can arise in relationships among GPs and the LHA; iv) the implementation of clinical pathways can be improved, especially by reducing bureaucracy and by assuring their continuity. Conclusions Managerial aspects should be considered with care in order to experimentally introduce clinical pathways in general practice, and continuity of the experimentation should be guaranteed to improve GPs’ adherence and commitment.
Epidemiology and Geographical Distribution of Enteric Protozoan Infections in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Fletcher Stephanie , Caprarelli Graziella , Merif Juan , Andresen David , Hal Sebastian Van , Stark Damien , Ellis John 
Published: September 2014

Background Enteric protozoa are associated with diarrhoeal illnesses in humans; however there are no recent studies on their epidemiology and geographical distribution in Australia. This study describes the epidemiology of enteric protozoa in the state of New South Wales and incorporates spatial analysis to describe their distribution. Design and methods Laboratory and clinical records from four public hospitals in Sydney for 910 patients, who tested positive for enteric protozoa over the period January 2007 - December 2010, were identified, examined and analysed. We selected 580 cases which had residence post code data available, enabling us to examine the geographic distribution of patients, and reviewed the clinical data of 252 patients to examine possible links between protozoa, demographic and clinical features. Results Frequently detected protozoa were Blastocystis spp. (57%), Giardia intestinalis (27%) and Dientamoeba fragilis (12%). The age distribution showed that the prevalence of protozoa decreased with age up to 24 years but increasing with age from 25 years onwards. The geographic provenance of the patients indicates that the majority of cases of Blastocystis (53.1%) are clustered in and around the Sydney City Business District, while pockets of giardiasis were identified in regional/rural areas. The distribution of cases suggests higher risk of protozoan infection may exist for some communities. Conclusions These findings provide useful information for policy makers to design and tailor interventions to target high risk communities. Follow-up investigation into the risk factors for giardiasis in regional/rural areas is needed.
Clinical Management of Flail Chest in Dogs and Cats: A Retrospective Study of 24 Cases (1989–1999)
Authors: Olsen Dennis , Renberg Walter , Perrett Jamis , Hauptman Joe G. , Waldron Don R. , Monnet Eric 
Published: September 2014

Cases of flail chest injury for 24 client-owned companion animals following various traumas were evaluated. Concurrently sustained injuries, initial emergency treatments, and definitive treatment and outcome for regimens that utilize stabilization of the flail segment were compared with cases treated with no stabilization.
Flail chest was confirmed in 24 animals: 21 dogs and three cats. There was an even division (12 each) of right and left flail segments. The median number of ribs involved was three (range, two to seven). Flail segment stabilization was performed in nine, and 15 were treated with no stabilization. Statistical analysis using multiple data permutations evaluating all combinations failed to reveal a significant difference in outcome between stabilized and unstabilized cases.
Correlation Between Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytopathology and Histopathology of the Lung in Dogs and Cats
Authors: DeBerry Jennifer D. , Norris Carol R. , Samii Valerie F. , Griffey Stephen M. , Almy Frederic S. 
Published: September 2014

Medical records from 28 patients having fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytopathology and histopathology of pulmonary lesions were reviewed. Clinical signs, thoracic radiographs, cytopathology, histopathology, and complications associated with FNA were evaluated. Correlation between cytopathological and histopathological diagnoses was determined.Cytopathological specimens were classified as neoplastic, inflammatory, or nondiagnostic. Histopathological diagnoses were categorized as neoplastic or inflammatory. No complications were observed following FNA. Diagnoses obtained by FNA cytopathology accurately reflected the diagnosis obtained on histopathological examination in 82% of cases. Fine-needle aspiration cytopathology of the lung is a useful and safe diagnostic tool in dogs and cats with pulmonary parenchymal lesions.