bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered Expression of Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Histone H1 in Pulmonary Artery and Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells in Patients with IPAH
Authors: Talati Megha , Seeley Erin , Ihida‐Stansbury Kaori , Delisser Horace , McDonald Hayes , Ye Fei , Zhang Xueqiong , Shyr Yu , Caprioli Richard , Meyrick Barbara 
Published: September 2012

The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension is poorly understood. This paper utilized histology‐based Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI MS) to identify as‐yet unknown proteins that may be associated with the structural changes in the pulmonary arterial walls of patients with IPAH. The technology identified significant increases in two fragments of histone H1 in the IPAH cases compared to controls. This finding was further examined using immunofluorescence techniques applied to sections from IPAH and control pulmonary arteries. In addition, cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were utilized for Western analysis of histone H1 and importin β and importin 7, immunoprecipitation and assessment of nucleosomal repeat length (NRL). Immunofluorescence techniques revealed that nuclear expression of histone H1 was decreased and the chromatin was less compact in the IPAH cases than in the controls; furthermore, some cases showed a marked increase in cytoplasmic histone H1 expression. Using nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of cultured PASMCs, we confirmed the reduction in histone H1 in the nucleus and an increase in the cytoplasm in IPAH cells compared to controls. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated a decreased association of histone H1 with importin β while importin 7 was unchanged in the IPAH cells compared to controls. The assessment of NRL revealed that the distance between nucleosomes was increased by ∼20 bp in IPAH compared to controls. We conclude that at least two factors contribute to the reduction in nuclear histone H1—fragmentation of the protein and decreased import of histone H1 into the nucleus by importins. We further suggest that the decreased nuclear H1 contributes the less compact nucleosomal pattern in IPAH and this, in turn, contributes to the increase in NRL.
Testosterone Negatively Regulates Right Ventricular Load Stress Responses in Mice
Authors: Hemnes Anna R. , Maynard Karen B. , Champion Hunter C. , Gleaves Linda , Penner Niki , West James , Newman John H. 
Published: September 2012

Right ventricular (RV) function is the major determinant of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension and male sex is a strong predictor of mortality in this disease. The effects of testosterone on RV structure and function in load stress are presently unknown. We tested whether testosterone levels affect RV hypertrophic responses, fibrosis, and function. Male C57BL/6 mice underwent castration or sham followed by pulmonary artery banding (PAB) or sham. After recovery, testosterone pellets were placed in a subset of the castrated mice and mice were maintained for at least two weeks, when they underwent hemodynamic measurements and tissues were harvested. Plasma levels of testosterone were reduced by castration and repleted by testosterone administration. In PAB, castration resulted in lower right ventricle/left ventricle + septum (RV/LV+S), and myocyte diameter (P < 0.05). Replacement of testosterone normalized these parameters and increased RV fibrosis (P < 0.05). Two weeks of PAB resulted in increased RV systolic pressure in all groups with decreased markers of RV systolic and diastolic function, specifically reduced ejection fraction and increased time constant, and dPdt minimum (P < 0.05), though there was minimal effect of testosterone on hemodynamic parameters. Survival was improved in mice that underwent castration with PAB compared with PAB alone (P < 0.05). Testosterone affects RV hypertrophic response to load stress through increased myocyte size and increased fibrosis in mice. Castration and testosterone replacement are not accompanied by significant alterations in RV in vivo hemodynamics, but testosterone deprivation appears to improve survival in PAB. Further study of the role of testosterone in RV dysfunction is warranted to better understand these findings in the context of human disease.
Treatment of localized gingival recessions with free gingival graft
Authors: Sağlam Mehmet , Köseoğlu Serhat 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMucogingival therapy is a general term describing nonsurgical and surgical treatment procedures for the correction of defects in morphology, position, and/or amount of soft tissue and underlying bony support around teeth and dental implants. The free gingival graft is a reliable mucogingival surgical procedure for increasing the zone of attached gingiva at the buccal or lingual aspect of a single tooth, or groups of teeth, or for covering areas of gingival recession. In this review; using free gingival grafts for treating localized gingival recessions have been outlined in the light of current knowledge.
The frequency and characteristics of talon cusps in a Turkish population
Authors: Arfat Berna , Çolak Hakan , Çelebi Ahmet Arif , Uzgur Recep , Turkal Mustafa , Hamidi Mehmet Mustafa 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of talon cusps in a Turkish dental patient population with respect to sexes, jaws, and dental localization to determine the relation between sex and this anomaly. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Patients attending outpatient department of Restorative Dentistry Dental School, Kirikkale between October 2009 to January 2012 were screened specifically for the presence of talon cusp during routine outpatient screening. Each patient was examined clinically and radiographically for the presence of talon cusps. Results: A total 2597 sample was evaluated. Talon cusps were observed in 31 patients. Thus, the person prevalence of talon cusp was 1.2% in this study. Gender-wise prevalence was 1.25% and 1.13% in females and males, respectively. Talon cusps were detected in 44 teeth out of a total of 35424 teeth to give a tooth prevalence of 0.12%. Maxillary lateral incisors were most commonly affected teeth in the mouth, and most commonly seen type of talon cusp was type I (23 teeth, 52.3%). Conclusion: The prevalence of talon cusps was found to be 1.2% for the Turkish dental patient population. Clinicians should be aware of potential complications that may occur with talon cusps.
Management of dental - orthopedic problems in down syndrome
Authors: Aksakalli Sertac , Ileri Zehra 
Published: September 2012

AbstractDown Syndrome (DS) is one the most prevalent genetic disorder. This genetic disorder has physical and mental features including musculoskeletal (e.g. incorrect swallowing pattern), nervous (e.g. anxiety), and dental problems. Maintaining oral health is very important for these kinds of patients. Oral health or dental problems related to DS are localized or generalized periodontitis, mandibular prognatisma, underdeveloped maxilla, caries lesions, delayed eruptions, and oligodontia. Because of dental-oral part is the first part of the digestive system, there is need for orthodontic treatment maintaining better occlusion and mastication. In this case report, orthopedic, orthodontic, periodontal, prosthetic, and conservative dental treatments of a DS patient were presented. These kinds of patients should not be excluded from the dentistry patient population.
Does provider‐initiated counselling and testing (PITC) strengthen early diagnosis and treatment initiation? Results from an analysis of an urban cohort of HIV‐positive patients in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Topp Stephanie M , Li Michelle S , Chipukuma Julien M , Chiko Matimba M , Matongo Evelyn , Bolton‐Moore Carolyn , Reid Stewart E 
Published: September 2012

IntroductionBuilding on earlier works demonstrating the effectiveness and acceptability of provider‐initiated counselling and testing (PITC) services in integrated outpatient departments of urban primary healthcare clinics (PHCs), this study seeks to understand the relative utility of PITC services for identifying clients with early‐stage HIV‐related disease compared to traditional voluntary testing and counselling (VCT) services. We additionally seek to determine whether there are any significant differences in the clinical and demographic profile of PITC and VCT clients.MethodsRoutinely collected, de‐identified data were collated from two cohorts of HIV‐positive patients referred for HIV treatment, either from PITC or VCT in seven urban‐integrated PHCs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to compare the two cohorts across demographic and clinical characteristics at enrolment.ResultsForty‐five per cent of clients diagnosed via PITC had CD4<200, and more than 70% (i.e. two thirds) had CD4<350 at enrolment, with significantly lower CD4 counts than that of VCT clients (p<0.001). PITC clients were more likely to be male (p=0.0005) and less likely to have secondary or tertiary education (p<0.0001). Among those who were initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART), PITC clients had lower odds of initiating treatment within four weeks of enrolment into HIV care (adjusted odds ratio, or AOR: 0.86; 95% confidence interval, or CI: 0.75–0.99; p=0.035) and significantly lower odds of retention in care at six months (AOR: 0.84; CI: 0.77–0.99; p=0.004).ConclusionsIn Lusaka, Zambia, large numbers of individuals with late‐stage HIV are being incidentally diagnosed in outpatient settings. Our findings suggest that PITC in this setting does not facilitate more timely diagnosis and referral to care but rather act as a “safety net” for individuals who are unwilling or unable to seek testing independently. Further work is needed to document the way provision of clinic‐based services can be strengthened and linked to community‐based interventions and to address socio‐cultural norms and socio‐economic status that underpin healthcare‐seeking behaviour.
Co‐encapsulation of Biodegradable Nanoparticles with Silicon Quantum Dots and Quercetin for Monitored Delivery
Authors: Wang Qi , Bao Yongping , Ahire Jayshree , Chao Yimin 
Published: September 2012

AbstractPolymer nanoparticles have emerged as a promising new strategy for the efficient delivery of drugs. They have several advantages when used as drug carriers, such as high stability, high capacity, improvement of drug bioavailability, as well as allowing for sustained drug release. Quercetin has therapeutic potential as an anticancer drug, but has poor solubility and low bioavailability. In this study it is shown that co‐encapsulation of quercetin and fluorescent Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) in poly (ethylene glycol)‐block‐polylactide (PEG–PLA) nanoparticles can be used for simultaneous in vitro imaging and to improve the biocompatibility of quercetin. Fluorescent imaging with SiQDs can provide a new concept to monitor the delivery of anti‐cancer drugs. The nanoparticles are synthesized based on the double emulsion method and are extensively characterized and assayed for cytotoxicity in vitro. HepG2 cells are incubated with quercetin and SiQDs dual‐loaded PEG–PLA nanoparticles, resulting in a red fluorescent staining which can be detected with a confocal microscope. PEG–PLA nanoparticle encapsulated quercetin suppresses human hepatoma HepG2 cell proliferation more effectively than the free‐standing form. In addition, nanoparticle‐encapsulated quercetin significantly inhibits hydrogen peroxide‐induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells. These data show that nanocapsulated quercetin possesses the potential bioactivity to reduce the drug dosage frequency, as well as increase patient compliance. The combination of polymeric nanoparticles and semiconductor quantum dots can allow monitoring of delivery, improve aqueous solubility, and enhance biocompatibility. Such nanoparticulated systems could shape the future of drug delivery.
Formation of Polydiacetylene/Silica Nanocomposite as a Colorimetric Indicator: Effect of Time and Temperature
Authors: Nopwinyuwong A. , Boonsupthip W. , Pechyen C. , Suppakul P. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis work presents a method to prepare a new class of polydiacetylene (PDA)/SiO2 nanocomposites for colorimetric indicator applications. The silica concentration is 5 wt% of the diacetylene monomer, 10,12‐pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA). Under ultraviolet light irradiation, PCDA vesicle/silica nanocomposites were formed and an intense blue solution was obtained. The silica nanoparticles can improve chromic properties of molecules. The color transition of PDA/silica nanocomposites can change from blue (λmax∼ 640 nm) to red (λmax∼ 540 nm), which is irreversible when stored at different temperatures and time. This study investigated characterization of the aqueous suspension compared with pure PDA vesicles in the absorption spectra. Moreover, the color response was calculated. This is an efficient method for preparation of the colorimetric sensor of nanocomposite materials after UV irradiation. The PDA/5 wt% silica nanocomposites aqueous matrix would potentially be developed as a new colorimetric polymeric indicator to study the effect of temperature and time. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E724–E731, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21315
Hybrid Nanocomposite Preparation in a Batch Mixer and a Twin‐Screw Extruder
Authors: Oliveira M. , Nogueira R. , Machado A. V. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHybrid polymer nanocomposites (HPN) with same composition were prepared in an internal mixer and in an extruder at the same temperature. Polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride and aluminum isopropoxide were used as organic and inorganic components, respectively. Moreover, the chemical and morphological evolution along the extruder was followed. The HPNs were characterized by several techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared, rheology, X‐ray diffraction, gel content, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, and transmission electronic microscopy. Chemical and morphological characterization showed that the sol–gel reaction in the extruder was more extensive; the produced nanocomposite exhibited a higher cross‐linking level with smaller and more homogeneous nanoparticles. Along the extruder, the nanoparticles', size decreased as the reaction took place. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E732–E740, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21316
Fludarabine, cytarabine, and attenuated‐dose idarubicin (m‐FLAI) combination therapy for elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Kim Inho , Koh Youngil , Yoon Sung‐Soo , Park Seonyang , Kim Byoung Kook , Kim Dae‐Young , Lee Jung‐Hee , Lee Kyoo‐Hyung , Cheong June‐Won , Lee Hong‐Kee , Kim Sung‐Hyun , Kim Hyuk , Joo Young Don , Lee Sang‐Min , Won Jong‐Ho , Park Sung‐Kyu , Hong Dae‐Sik , Kim Se‐Hyung , Sohn Sang Kyun , Kim Chul‐Soo , Park Eunkyung , Kim Min Kyoung , Park Moo Rim , Lee Je‐Hwan , Min Yoo Hong ,   for the Korean Society of Hematology AML/MDS working party
Published: September 2012

AbstractWe performed a phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the modified fludarabine, cytarabine, and attenuated‐dose idarubicin (m‐FLAI) regimen in elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Elderly (≥60 years) AML patients who had not previously received chemotherapy were enrolled in the study. Patients received two consecutive cycles of m‐FLAI chemotherapy as an induction. The m‐FLAI regimen comprised fludarabine (25 mg/m2, days 1–4), cytarabine (1,000 mg/m2, days 1–4), and attenuated‐dose idarubicin (5 mg/m2, days 1–3). The primary end point was complete remission (CR) rate. Secondary end points were overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), and treatment‐related mortality (TRM). There were 108 patients (median age 68.4 years, M:F = 64:44) enrolled in the study. CR was achieved in 56.5% of patients, and the TRM rate was 21.3%. Median OS and median EFS were 10.2 and 6.6 months, respectively. The mortality at 30 and 60 days was 15 and 21%, respectively. Performance status and comorbidity did not have prognostic value in this patient cohort. Bone marrow expression of CD117 was associated with increased EFS and OS. m‐FLAI is an effective induction regimen for previously untreated AML in elderly patients. In addition, bone‐marrow CD117 expression is an independent favorable prognostic factor in elderly AML patients. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01247493). Am. J. Hematol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of poly[3‐(methacryloylamino) propyl trimethylammonium chloride‐co‐methacrylic acid] copolymer hydrogels for controlled indomethacin delivery
Authors: Mishra R. K. , Ramasamy K. , Ban N. N. , Majeed A. B. A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractStimulus responsive hydrogels are being considered as one of the most exciting biomaterials of current generation. A novel hydrogel based on poly 3‐[(methacryoylamino) propyl trimethylammonium chloride‐co‐methacrylic acid] (PMAPTACMAAc) copolymer was synthesized by free radical aqueous copolymerization. The water uptake of the hydrogels was investigated as a function of temperature and pH. The in vitro release properties of the PMAPTACMAAc hydrogels were analyzed under simulated body fluid (pH 7.4) by loading indomethacin (IND) as a model drug. The XRD study of the hydrogel revealed the amorphous nature of the copolymer and provided evidence that crystalline IND was entrapped in the hydrogel matrix. The DSC study showed the presence of single glass transition temperature in the thermogram which indicated the formation of random copolymers. The prepared hydrogels showed typical polyampholyte behavior and swelling was affected by the monomer feed ratios in the hydrogels. The morphological study on the hydrogels showed the three dimensional (3D) porous nature of the PMAPTACMAAc‐5 gel with pore size ranging from 10 to 40 μm. The kinetics of the cumulative IND release shows that the gel follows a non‐Fickian release mechanism. In vitro cytotoxicity of the hydrogel (PMAPTACMAAc‐5 gel) on RAW 264.7 murine macrophages showed that the hydrogel was biocompatible and not toxic as the viability was maintained. The hydrogel with a 90 : 10 feed ratio of MAAc and MAPTAC was better than the other developed formulations. The results suggest that the hydrogels could be employed as a sustained release formulation for targeted delivery of IND, for example to the colon. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Co‐polymerization analysis of thermosetting resins using 1H‐15N‐13C triple resonance NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Philbrook Amy , Earnshaw Scott , Easton Christopher J. , Keniry Max A. , Latter Melissa J. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract1H‐15N‐13C correlation NMR spectroscopy techniques developed to identify and characterize co‐polymer fragments in melamine‐urea‐formaldehyde (MUF) and phenol‐urea‐formaldehyde (PUF) model systems have been applied to industrially prepared MUF, PUF, and phenol‐melamine‐formaldehyde (PMF) resins. The NMR data confirm that co‐polymers form in a commercially prepared MUF resin manufactured by Momentive Specialty Chemicals Pty. Ltd. Spectra from PUF model reactions were compared with those from a PUF resin and it was determined that PUF co‐polymers did not form in the resin prepared using typical temperature and pH. Finally, NMR spectroscopy was used to identify and characterize PMF co‐polymer bonds in a phenol‐melamine‐urea‐formaldehyde (PMUF) resin prepared using a procedure from Momentive Specialty Chemicals Pty. Ltd. With these NMR techniques in hand, it is now possible to relate co‐polymer structures to properties of commercial thermosets. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Influence of β nucleation agent on the dispersion of nano‐CaCO3 in isotactic polypropylene matrix
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Hong , Zhang Lei , Zhang Xiongwei , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTo study the interaction between β‐nucleation agent and nano‐CaCO3 in iPP matrix, the dynamic rheology properties, crystallization and melting behaviors, impact fracture surface of β‐nucleation agent (β‐NA) nucleated and nano‐CaCO3 filled iPP were investigated in details in this study. Under suitable conditions, the β‐NA has a “promoting dispersion effect” on the dispersion of nano‐CaCO3 in PP matrix. However, 0.2 wt % β‐NA nucleated sample has a worse “promoting dispersion effect” than 0.05 wt % β‐NA nucleated sample at relatively high nano‐CaCO3 content (7.5 wt %). The reason is that 0.2 wt % β‐NA aggregates on the surface of nano‐CaCO3 agglomerations. The α crystals induced from β‐crystals grow more regular and perfect than conventional α crystals. For the relative fraction of β crystals (Kβ), the nano‐CaCO3 content has little influence on 0.05 wt % β‐NA nucleated samples, but obvious effect on 0.2 wt % β‐NA nucleated samples. Based on the investigated results, a mechanism model about the interaction between β‐nucleation agent and nano‐CaCO3 in iPP matrix is proposed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Synthesis and properties of novel hyperbranched polyimides end‐capped with metallophthalocyanines
Authors: Zhao Ling , Yao Hongyan , Liu Yu , Zhang Yunhe , Jiang Zhenhua 
Published: September 2012

AbstractA fluorinated hyperbranched polyimide (HBPI) is synthesized by using a triamine monomer, 1,3,5‐tris(2‐trifluoromethyl‐4‐aminophenoxy)benzene (TFAPOB) (B3), as a “core” molecule, 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA) as a A2 monomer, and 4‐aminophthalonitrile as an end‐capping reagent. After that, a series of novel fluorinated hyperbranched polyimides end‐capped with metallophthalocyanines were prepared by the reactions of dicyanophenyl end‐capped hyperbranched polyimide with excessive amounts of 1,2‐dicyanobenzene and the corresponding metal salt in quinoline. The resulting polyimides containing metallophthalocyanine unites shows optical absorption in the visible region. The absorption bands of the polymers in chloroform solution are in the range of 665–701 nm. These polyimides show glass transition temperatures between 216 and 225°C, and the 5 wt % weight loss temperature of the polymers varied from 440 to 543°C under nitrogen. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Sex influences immune responses to viruses, and efficacy of prophylaxis and treatments for viral diseases
Authors: Klein Sabra L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe intensity and prevalence of viral infections are typically higher in males, whereas disease outcome can be worse for females. Females mount higher innate and adaptive immune responses than males, which can result in faster clearance of viruses, but also contributes to increased development of immunopathology. In response to viral vaccines, females mount higher antibody responses and experience more adverse reactions than males. The efficacy of antiviral drugs at reducing viral load differs between the sexes, and the adverse reactions to antiviral drugs are typically greater in females than males. Several variables should be considered when evaluating male/female differences in responses to viral infection and treatment: these include hormones, genes, and gender‐specific factors related to access to, and compliance with, treatment. Knowledge that the sexes differ in their responses to viruses and to treatments for viral diseases should influence the recommended course of action differently for males and females.Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssays X‐chromosome‐located microRNAs in immunity: Might they explain male/female differences Abstract