bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embodied spatial metaphor of cultural concept from the perspective of cultural tightness–looseness: Cultural compatibility concept is closer to the body
Authors: Leng Jie , Wang Chengfang , Hu Ping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe body carries culture, with cultural concepts emerging from the dynamic interplay between the body and its environment. By integrating social representation theory and embodied cognition, we explored the use of embodied spatial metaphors in representing cultural tightness–looseness across three studies. In Study 1, 84 participants were randomly assigned to either a tight or loose culture group and tasked with placing cultural words within a spatial context. Participants positioned culturally compatible words closer to themselves and incompatible words farther away, illustrating the use of spatial distance metaphors to represent cultural tightness–looseness. Study 2 used an implicit task, demonstrating that people from both tight and loose cultures exhibited greater accuracy in judging culturally compatible concepts (vs. incompatible concepts) when these words were close to themselves. Study 3 unveiled distinct patterns of embodied spatial metaphors between tight and loose cultures when comparing cultural and irrelevant words. Notably, metaphors depicting nearness for culturally compatible words and farness for irrelevant words emerged exclusively in tight cultures, while such patterns were absent in loose cultures. Overall, our findings empirically support the notion that social representations are embodied, and provide embodied evidence for understanding and representing concepts related to cultural tightness–looseness.
Study on diagnostic‐sensitive markers of primary immune thrombocytopenia in children based on plasma proteomics
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Yun , Cao Qingqing , Xue Yuanyuan , Zhu Haiyan , Zhang Rongrong , Tian Zhaofang , Yuan Yufang 
Published: August 2024

SummaryTo use proteomic techniques to identify sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for paediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). We selected children in ITP and control groups, using a four‐dimensional data‐independent acquisition approach (4D‐DIA) to analyse its protein expression. The significantly differentially expressed proteins were selected for enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) validation in a cohort comprising 50 samples (13 healthy controls, 15 secondary thrombocytopenia controls and 22 children with ITP). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were generated to diagnose ITP and to assess the diagnostic effectiveness of this approach. Compared with the control group, 55 differentially expressed proteins (43 increased and 12 decreased) were determined in the ITP group. Matrix metalloproteinases‐9 (MMP‐9) and thrombospondin‐1 (THBS1) were significantly expressed and selected for ELISA. The verification outcomes aligned with the findings from the proteomic examinations. In contrast to the control cohort, the ITP subjects exhibited markedly elevated plasma MMP‐9 levels and reduced plasma THBS1 concentrations. Additionally, the ROC curves indicated the diagnostic value of these biomarkers. In conclusion, proteomics facilitates identifying the sensitive biomarkers for ITP diagnosis. We have preliminarily selected two differentially expressed proteins, MMP‐9 and THBS1, whose potential role as biomarkers for diagnosing ITP requires further research.
HLA‐lacking clones in aplastic anaemia: Adaptive or maladaptive?
Authors: Gurnari Carmelo , Lima Alberto Cardoso Martins , Pagliuca Simona 
Published: August 2024

HLA loss represents the result of immune forces shaping bone marrow clonal dynamics in immune aplastic anaemia. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐deficient clones may rescue haematopoiesis by evading immune attacks, potentially guiding treatment strategies.Commentary on: Zaimoku et al. Haematopoietic regeneration by HLA‐A*0206‐deficient clones in severe aplastic anaemia without definitive immunosuppressive treatment. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:1995‐1999.
Salvage stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy after thermal ablation of primary kidney cancer
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Kwon Young Suk , Koo Kendrick , Bruynzeel Anna , Pryor David , Schep Daniel G. , Huo Michael , Stein Maggie , Swaminath Anand , Hannan Raquibul , Siva Shankar 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of salvage stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for recurrent renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after thermal ablation (TA).Materials and MethodsThis study was a multi‐institutional retrospective analysis of patients with recurrent RCC following TA who received SABR between 2016 and 2020. The primary study outcome was freedom from local failure, evaluated radiographically based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) v1.1. Distant failure, cancer‐specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), treatment‐related toxicity and renal function changes following SABR were the secondary outcomes. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate freedom from local and distant failure, CSS and OS.ResultsSeventeen patients with 18 biopsy‐confirmed RCCs were included, with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age at time of SABR of 75.2 (72.6–68.7) years, a median (IQR) tumour size of 3.5 (1.9–4.1) cm and follow‐up (reverse Kaplan–Meier method) of 3.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6–4.1) years. Six of the 17 patients had a solitary kidney. Five patients had failed repeat TA prior to SABR. The median (IQR) time from TA procedure to SABR was 3.03 (1.5–5.1) years. No patient experienced local progression, with a local control rate of 100%. Four patients, two with baseline metastatic disease, experienced distant progression. The distant progression‐free survival, CSS and OS at 3 years were 72.1% (95% CI 51.9%–100%), 92.3% (95% CI 78.9%–100%) and 82.1% (95% CI 62.1%–100%), respectively. The median (IQR) glomerular filtration rate before SABR was 58 (40–71) mL/min, and at last follow‐up, it was 48 (33–57) mL/min. No patient experienced grade 3+ toxicity or went on to develop end‐stage renal disease.ConclusionThe results showed that SABR appears to be an effective and safe salvage strategy in patients with recurrent RCC following TA.
The PARP inhibitor rucaparib blocks SARS‐CoV‐2 virus binding to cells and the immune reaction in models of COVID‐19
Authors: Papp Henrietta , Tóth Emese , Bóvári‐Biri Judit , Bánfai Krisztina , Juhász Péter , Mahdi Mohamed , Russo Lilian Cristina , Bajusz Dávid , Sipos Adrienn , Petri László , Szalai Tibor Viktor , Kemény Ágnes , Madai Mónika , Kuczmog Anett , Batta Gyula , Mózner Orsolya , Vaskó Dorottya , Hirsch Edit , Bohus Péter , Méhes Gábor , Tőzsér József , Curtin Nicola J. , Helyes Zsuzsanna , Tóth Attila , Hoch Nicolas C. , Jakab Ferenc , Keserű György M. , Pongrácz Judit E. , Bai Péter 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeTo date, there are limited options for severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 virus. As ADP‐ribosylation events are involved in regulating the life cycle of coronaviruses and the inflammatory reactions of the host; we have, here, assessed the repurposing of registered PARP inhibitors for the treatment of COVID‐19.Experimental ApproachThe effects of PARP inhibitors on virus uptake were assessed in cell‐based experiments using multiple variants of SARS‐CoV‐2. The binding of rucaparib to spike protein was tested by molecular modelling and microcalorimetry. The anti‐inflammatory properties of rucaparib were demonstrated in cell‐based models upon challenging with recombinant spike protein or SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA vaccine.Key ResultsWe detected high levels of oxidative stress and strong PARylation in all cell types in the lungs of COVID‐19 patients, both of which negatively correlated with lymphocytopaenia. Interestingly, rucaparib, unlike other tested PARP inhibitors, reduced the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection rate through binding to the conserved 493–498 amino acid region located in the spike‐ACE2 interface in the spike protein and prevented viruses from binding to ACE2. In addition, the spike protein and viral RNA‐induced overexpression of cytokines was down‐regulated by the inhibition of PARP1 by rucaparib at pharmacologically relevant concentrations.Conclusion and ImplicationsThese results point towards repurposing rucaparib for treating inflammatory responses in COVID‐19.
Reaction to Diagnosis and Parental Concerns in Parents of Children and Young Adults With XYY Syndrome
Authors: Zampini Laura , Zanchi Paola , Silibello Gaia , Mastromattei Domenica , Ajmone Paola Francesca , Dall'Ara Francesca , Monti Federico , Costantino Maria Antonella , Vizziello Paola Giovanna 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is a growing interest in exploring parents' views on the benefits of early diagnosis and awareness of sex chromosome trisomies. However, only a few studies focus specifically on the experience of parents of children with XYY syndrome. The present study aimed to assess, in parents of individuals with XYY, the perceived severity of their children's condition, their level of satisfaction with the disclosure process and their concerns about their children's present and future condition.MethodsA national online sample of 56 Italian parents of children and young adults diagnosed with XYY syndrome participated in the study. They filled out a specifically developed online survey that assessed their children's areas of concern, their experience with the disclosure process and their worries about their children's condition.ResultsSeventy per cent of the parents received a prenatal diagnosis, whereas 30% received a postnatal diagnosis. High individual variability was found in the parent report of their child's condition. The most frequent areas of concern were attention regulation, emotion control and behaviour control. Individuals with a postnatal diagnosis showed more severe profiles. Parents were generally dissatisfied with the disclosure process, with no differences between prenatal and postnatal disclosure. However, more than 50% of the parents who received a prenatal disclosure reported that their child's condition was less severe than they had expected. In contrast, only 11% of the parents with postnatal disclosure reported this situation. Parents' concerns were negatively related to global satisfaction with the disclosure process and the correspondence between current and expected conditions but positively associated with the child's severity level.ConclusionsThe results suggest that clear and realistic information during the disclosure process to parents is needed in both prenatal and postnatal communication and may alleviate parents' concerns.
Religious development from adolescence to early adulthood among Muslim and Christian youth in Germany: A person‐oriented approach
Authors: Spiegler Olivia , Jonsson Jan O. , Bracegirdle Chloe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReligious decline, often observed among North American Christian youth, may not apply universally. We examined this and whether religiosity is associated with well‐being, risk behavior, cultural values, and acculturation among 4080 Muslim and Christian adolescents aged 15–22 in Germany. Utilizing seven waves from the CILS4EU project and a person‐oriented analytical approach, we identified different religious trajectories for Muslim (58% high, 31% low, 11% increasing), immigrant‐origin Christian (68% low, 32% medium), and non‐immigrant Christian (74% low, 17% decreasing, 9% medium) youth. High and medium trajectories were associated with greater well‐being, lower risk behavior, more conservative attitudes, and less sociocultural integration. To fully understand religious development, we must consider diverse national contexts and groups, employing long‐term perspectives and person‐centered analyses.
Object exploration is facilitated by the physical and social environment in center‐based child care
Authors: van Liempd Ine H. , Oudgenoeg‐Paz Ora , Leseman Paul P. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObject exploration is considered a driver of motor, cognitive, and social development. However, little is known about how early childhood education and care settings facilitate object exploration. This study examined if children's exploration of objects during free play was facilitated by the use of particular spatial components (floor, tables, and activity centers) and types of play (solitary, social, and parallel). Participants were 61 children (aged 11 to 48 months and 50.8% boys, socioeconomic levels representative of the Dutch population). Intraindividual variability in children's object exploration was predicted by the use of particular spatial components and the social setting, with small‐to‐medium effect sizes. Solitary and parallel play were positively associated with complex object exploration, especially when sitting or standing at child‐height tables. During social play, object exploration was mostly absent.
Maxillary sinus membrane perforation rate utilizing osseodensification‐mediated transcrestal sinus floor elevation: A multicenter clinical study
Authors: Mazor Ziv , Gaspar Joao , Silva Robert , Pohl Snjezana , Gandhi Yazad , Huwais Salah , Bergamo Edmara Tatiely Pedroso , Bonfante Estevam Augusto , Neiva Rodrigo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThis multicenter cross‐sectional clinical study aimed to evaluate the membrane perforation rate during transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE) using osseodensification (OD) burs and assess risk factors associated with the procedure.Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted in six centers, following ethical standards and approved by local committees. It included patients over 18 years old missing maxillary posterior teeth with crestal residual bone height (RBH) ≥2 and ≤6 mm. Preoperative evaluations were done, including CBCT scans, to assess bone dimensions and sinus health. All centers and surgeons followed a standardized surgical protocol for TSFE using OD burs. Surgical complications, particularly sinus membrane perforations, were recorded and analyzed. Factors such as implant site, premolars or molars, as well as, healed or fresh socket, along with initial RBH were evaluated for their impact on membrane perforation rate. Descriptive statistics, χ2, and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.ResultsA total of 621 subjects with an average age of 57.9 years were included. Sinus lifting was performed at 670 sites, with 621 implants placed in the maxilla. The majority of sinus lifts were done in the molar region (76.87%) and in healed bone sites (74.33%). The average RBH was 5.1 mm (ranging from 2 to 7 mm). Sinus membrane perforation occurred in 49 cases (7.31%). RBH ≤3 mm posed a risk factor for sinus membrane perforations followed by RBH >3 and ≤5 mm. Tooth region and implant site were not associated as risk factors for sinus membrane perforation.ConclusionOD drilling used for TSFE resulted in low membrane perforation rate. Challenging scenarios of severe posterior maxillary atrophy presented as risk factors for increased perforation rate.
Association of Frailty With Clinical and Financial Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation
Authors: Porter Giselle , Sakowitz Sara , Mallick Saad , Vadlakonda Amulya , Curry Joanna , Ali Konmal , Balian Jeffrey , Benharash Peyman 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionFrailty, a measure of physiological aging and reserve, has been validated as a prognostic indicator of mortality in patients with cirrhosis. However, large‐scale analyses of the independent association of frailty with clinical and financial outcomes following liver transplantation (LT) are lacking.MethodsAdults (≥18 years) undergoing LT were identified in the 2016–2020 National Readmissions Database. Frailty was defined using the binary Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups frailty indicator. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the independent association of frailty with in‐hospital mortality, perioperative complications, and costs.ResultsOf an estimated 34 442 patients undergoing LT, 8265 (24%) were frail. After adjustment, frailty was associated with greater odds of mortality (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.80; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.49–1.18), postoperative length of stay (β + 11 days; 95% CI: +10, +12), and hospitalization costs (+$86 880; 95% CI: +75 660, +98 100), as well as a two‐fold increase in relative risk of nonhome discharge (AOR 2.17, 95% CI: 1.90–2.49).ConclusionsFrailty is associated with an increased risk of in‐hospital mortality, complications, and resource utilization among LT recipients. As the proportion of frail LT patients continues to rise, our findings underscore the need for novel risk‐stratification and individualized care protocols for such vulnerable patients.
Prognostic value of the stress‐hyperglycaemia ratio in patients with moderate‐to‐severe coronary artery calcification: Insights from a large cohort study
Authors: Lin Zhangyu , Song Yanjun , Yuan Sheng , He Jining , Dou Kefei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the relationship between the stress‐hyperglycaemia ratio (SHR) and the clinical prognosis of patients with moderate‐to‐severe coronary artery calcification (MSCAC).MethodsWe consecutively enrolled 3841 patients with angiography‐detected MSCAC. The individuals were categorized into three groups based on SHR tertiles: T1 (SHR ≤ 0.77), T2 (0.77 < SHR ≤ 0.89) and T3 (SHR > 0.89). The SHR value was calculated using the formula SHR = [admission glucose (mmol/L)]/[1.59 × HbA1c (%) − 2.59]. The primary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), including all‐cause death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction and non‐fatal stroke.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 3.11 years, 241 MACCEs were recorded. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that the SHR T3 group had the highest incidence of MACCEs (P < .001). Moreover, findings from the restricted cubic spline analysis showed a significant and positive association between the SHR and MACCEs. This correlation remained consistent even after considering other variables that could potentially impact the results (Pnon‐linear = .794). When comparing SHR T1 with SHR T3, it was found that SHR T3 was significantly associated with an increased risk of the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.50; 95% confidence interval: 1.10‐2.03).ConclusionsPatients with MSCAC showed a positive correlation between the SHR and MACCE rate over a 3‐year follow‐up period. The study showed that an SHR value of 0.83 is the key threshold, indicating a poor prognosis. Future large‐scale multicentre investigations should be conducted to determine the predictive value of the SHR in patients with MSCAC.
Feeding ontogeny: A new approach to predator–prey interactions
Authors: Rosa Rafael Rogério , Bellay Sybelle , Bialetzki Andréa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiets of fish larvae may vary within populations and among species and are affected by larval prey availability and foraging capacity. We aimed to describe the diet of fish larvae based on empirical field observations, emphasizing the interaction and organization of the predator–prey network using Auchenipterus osteomystax as a species model. The network showed few interactions (low connectance and modularity) but a nested structure (some items that had fewer records tended to occur together with the most frequent ones), low complementary specialization (the proportions of ingested items tended to be equivalent) and a pattern of segregation (some items tended not to be consumed together) in the use of resources among individuals. Robustness was low when the removal of prey with a higher consumption frequency occurred. The correlation between morphological variables and network attributes was significant and positive for abundance and strength, while the correlation with nested rank was negative. The availability of suitable dietary resources is likely to be the key factor for success and survival in the early stages of development. With changes in morphology during larval development, A. osteomystax showed a generalist position in the network as its predation capacity increased. A new approach to trophic ecology studies of fish larvae incorporating network analysis may help explain the individual characteristics of larvae and assess the pattern of interactions in the population.
Safety and efficacy of B cell maturation antigen‐directed CAR T‐cell therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and concurrent light chain amyloidosis
Authors: Goel Utkarsh , Dima Danai , Davis James , Ahmed Nausheen , Shaikh Hira , Lochner Jonathan , Abdallah Al‐Ola , Khouri Jack , Hashmi Hamza , Anwer Faiz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClinical trials evaluating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) have typically excluded patients with AL amyloidosis. As a result, there are limited data on the safety and efficacy of CAR T‐cell therapy in this patient population. We retrospectively reviewed eight consecutive patients with RRMM and AL amyloidosis who were treated with standard of care CAR T‐cell therapy. Cytokine release syndrome was seen in 75% of patients (grade ≥3: 0%) and immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome (grade 1) in only one patient. Low‐grade cytopenias were common (any grade/grade ≥3: neutropenia 62.5%/37.5%, anemia 37.5%/0%, thrombocytopenia 25%/0%). CAR T‐cell therapy led to rapid and deep responses with a median time to best response of 43 days and a hematologic very good partial response or better rate of 62.5%. Overall, we found that commercial CAR T‐cell therapy was feasible, and effective in patients with RRMM and concurrent AL amyloidosis.
Neural correlates of the experience of ugliness
Authors: Rasche Samuel E. , Beyh Ahmad , Paolini Marco , Zeki Semir 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that the experience of beauty is dependent upon the co‐activity of field A1 of the medial frontal cortex and sensory areas. This leaves us with the question of ugliness; are the same neural mechanisms involved in this experience, including neural activity patterns, or are different mechanisms at play? This question arises because ugliness, although often regarded as the opposite of beauty, could possibly be a distinct aesthetic category. Subjects were asked to rate faces according to how ugly they found them to be while their brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging. There was moderate agreement in the experience of ugliness of faces among subjects. Univariate parametric analyses did not reveal any brain regions with increasing activity as the declared intensity of the experience of ugliness increased. In contrast, increasing activity appeared in the striatum and posterior medial orbitofrontal cortex with decreasing levels of ugliness. As with studies on facial beauty, representational similarity analysis revealed distinct neural activity patterns with the experience of facial ugliness in sensory areas relevant for face processing and in the medial orbitofrontal cortex. Thus, similar neural mechanisms appear to be involved in the experience of facial beauty and ugliness, the difference being the level and distribution of activity within the neural network. This suggests that ugliness and beauty are on the same aesthetic continuum.