bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exclusive Endoscopic Resection of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Khoueir Nadim , Nicolas Nicolas , Rohayem Ziad , Haddad Amine , Abou Hamad Walid 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo systematically review the exclusive endoscopic treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in the literature to define the clinical features in terms of staging and the treatment outcomes in terms of bleeding, recurrence, residual tumor, and complications.Data SourcesOnline databases, including PubMed and EMBASE, were used. Reference sections of identified studies were examined for additional articles.Review MethodsThe literature was searched by 2 reviewers with the following inclusion criteria: English or French language and exclusive endoscopic treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. We were only able to perform a meta‐analysis on the categorical outcomes using DerSimonian and Laird random effects models.ResultsNinety‐two studies were included with a majority of retrospective studies (54/92; 58.6%). No randomized controlled trials were found. A total of 821 patients were identified. The Radowski classification was the most commonly used (29/92; 31.15%). The mean operative blood loss was 564.21 mL (minimum, 20 mL; maximum, 1482 mL). It was 414.6 mL (minimum, 20 mL; maximum, 1000 mL) and 774.2 mL (minimum, 228 mL; maximum, 1482 mL), respectively, in the group with and without embolization. No conclusion could be made because it was not stratified by tumor stage and because of the absence of randomized controlled trials. The random effect estimate of recurrence was 10% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.3‐11.7). It was 9.3% (95% CI, 7.2‐11.5) for complications and 7.7% (95% CI, 5.4‐10.1) for residual tumor.ConclusionThe endoscopic treatment is an evolving modality. It is considered today the treatment of choice. A new classification system based on the endoscopic approach should be proposed in future studies.
Prophylactic versus Reactive PEG Tube Placement in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Kramer Scott , Newcomb Matthew , Hessler Joshua , Siddiqui Farzan 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo understand the impact of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement timing on tube duration, weight loss, and disease control in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).SettingA tertiary academic center.Study DesignHistorical cohort study.Subjects and MethodsSeventy‐four patients with HNC were reviewed. Patients underwent cisplatinum‐based chemoradiation therapy with or without surgical resection. They received a PEG tube either before radiation therapy began (prophylactic) or after (reactive). Patients were matched on the basis of age, gender, TNM stage, tumor subsite, human papillomavirus (HPV) status, and chemoradiation dose.ResultsPatients receiving reactive PEG tubes had them in place for fewer days than those placed prophylactically (227 vs 139 days, P <. 01). There was no difference in percentage weight loss at 2, 6, or 12 months. There was no difference in survival or disease control between the groups.ConclusionsReactive PEG tube placement may afford patients a shorter duration of usage without incurring greater weight loss or poorer oncologic outcomes.
Labyrinthine Artery Detection in Patients with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss by 7‐T MRI
Authors: Sato Hiroaki , Kawagishi Kazuaki 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo compare the detection rates of the labyrinthine artery in subjects with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) and in normal‐hearing controls using 7‐T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingTertiary referral center.Subjects and MethodsIn 18 patients (9 males, 9 females) with ISSHL and 32 volunteers (21 males, 11 females) with normal hearing, 7‐T MRI (Discovery MR950; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) was performed with the 3‐dimensional time‐of‐flight spoiled gradient echo (3D TOF SPGR) sequence to compare the detection rates of the labyrinthine artery.ResultsThe MRI scans were performed from 3 to 54 days after onset. Of the 18 patients with ISSHL, 8 showed complete recovery, 9 showed partial recovery, and the rest showed no recovery. The labyrinthine artery was depicted in 36 of 36 ears (100%) in the ISSHL group and 63 of 64 (98.4%) ears in the normal‐hearing group, with no significant difference in detection rates.ConclusionTo our knowledge, the present study is the first to report depiction of the labyrinthine artery by 7‐T MRI. These preliminary results indicate occlusion of the labyrinthine artery would be rare in the pathogenesis of ISSHL, and they also demonstrate that the labyrinthine artery could be detected by ultra‐high‐field MRI.
Generation of a 3D Printed Temporal Bone Model with Internal Fidelity and Validation of the Mechanical Construct
Authors: Hochman Jordan B. , Kraut Jay , Kazmerik Katrice , Unger Bertram J. 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo generate a rapid‐prototyped temporal bone model from computed tomography (CT) data with a specific focus on internal anatomic fidelity.Study DesignResearch ethics board‐approved prospective cohort study.SettingCurrent iterations of a rapid‐prototyped temporal bone model are complicated by absent void spaces and inconsistent bone density due to limited infiltrant exposure. The creation of a high‐fidelity model allows surgical trainees to practice in a standardized and reproducible training environment. This learning paradigm will significantly augment resident understanding of surgical approaches and techniques to prevent adverse outcomes.Subjects and MethodsWe describe a technique for generating internally accurate rapid‐prototyped anatomical models with solid and hollow structures, including void spaces. The novel slicing algorithm digitally deconstructs a model into segments and permits removal of extraneous print material and allows infiltrant penetration of the entire bone structure. Precise reassembly is facilitated by digitally generated fiducials. Infiltrant of choice was determined by expert assessment and subjected to objective mechanical property assessment with comparison to cadaveric sheep bone.ResultsThe printed bone models are highly realistic. Void space representation was excellent with 88% concordance between cadaveric bone and the resultant rapid‐prototyped temporal bone model. Ultimately, cyanoacrylate with hydroquinone was determined to be the most appropriate infiltrant for both cortical and trabecular simulation. The mechanical properties of all tested infiltrants were similar to real bone.ConclusionThis model serves as an excellent replica of a human temporal bone for training and preoperative surgical rehearsal and can be dissected in a true‐to‐life fashion.
Drug Interaction Between Phenytoin and Valproic Acid in a Child With Refractory Epilepsy
Authors: Carvalho Indira Valadê , Carnevale Renata Cavalcanti , Visacri Marília Berlofa , Mazzola Priscila Gava , de Fátima Lopes Ambrósio Rosiane , Reis Marcelo Conrado dos , de Queiroz Rachel Alvarenga , Moriel Patricia 
Published: January 2014

Introduction: There are no published reports on pediatric phenytoin toxicity, resulting from the drug interaction between phenytoin and valproic acid. Case description: A 12-year-old patient with refractory epilepsy syndrome presented with phenytoin toxicity, following a concomitant treatment with phenytoin, valproic acid, and lamotrigine. The phenytoin concentration detected in the capsules used by the patient was in accordance with the prescribed dose and was appropriate for the age and weight of the patient. However, a supratherapeutic phenytoin serum concentration was observed (21.92 µg phenytoin/mL of blood). Consequently, the phenytoin dose was reduced, and the patient was monitored; 24 hours later the patient did not present with any signs/symptoms of toxicity. Discussion: Despite the appropriate phenytoin concentration in the capsules, the patient presented with phenytoin toxicity. This toxicity likely resulted from the drug interaction between phenytoin and valproic acid that leads to phenytoin displacement from plasmatic proteins and inhibits phenytoin metabolism, thereby increasing the concentration of free drug in the serum.
Evaluation of Differences in Percentage of International Normalized Ratios in Range Between Pharmacist-Led and Physician-Led Anticoagulation Management Services
Authors: Gupta Vasudha , Kogut Stephen J. , Thompson Sarah 
Published: January 2014

Background: The safety and efficacy of warfarin depend on maintaining the international normalized ratio (INR) in an established range. Objective: The purpose was to determine whether a coordinated pharmacist-led approach improved percentage of INRs in therapeutic range in comparison to a physician-led anticoagulation management service (AMS). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients at a multisite primary care organization. INR data for patients receiving warfarin management by a physician were collected from December 1, 2009 to May 31, 2010. These were compared to INR results from December 1, 2010 to May 31, 2011, during which patients received warfarin management from a pharmacist. The primary end points were percentage of INRs within a goal range of 2.0 to 3.0 and an expanded goal range of 1.8 to 3.2 for the physician-led group versus the pharmacist-led group. Results: The percentage of INR results within the goal range (2.0-3.0) was greater among patients in the pharmacist-led group (n = .130) than the physician-led group (n = 96; 57.5% vs 50.0%, respectively; P = .0004). The percentage of INR results <1.5 (7.3% vs 5.1%) and >3.5 (11.4% vs 7.1%) was also statistically significant in favor of the pharmacist-led AMS, with P values of .03 and .0004, respectively. Conclusion: A pharmacist-led AMS improved the percentage of INRs in range, with significantly less out-of-range results.
“My love–hate relationship”
Authors: Grundy Quinn 
Published: January 2014

Background: Ethical issues associated with nurses’ interactions with industry have implications for the safety, quality, and cost of healthcare. To date, little work has explored nurse–industry interactions and their associated ethical issues empirically. Design and participants: A phenomenological study was conducted to explore registered nurses’ interactions with industry in clinical practice. Five registered nurses working in direct patient care were recruited and individual, in-depth interviews were conducted. The University’s Committee on Human Research approved the study. Findings: Nurses frequently interacted with industry in their practice and felt ambivalent about these interactions. Nurses described systemic cuts to multiple “goods” central to nursing practice, including patient support, but paradoxically relied on industry resources to deliver these “goods.” They relied on a particular conception of trust to navigate these interactions but were left to do so individually on the basis of their experience. Conflicts of interest arose as a result of multiple competing interests, and were frequently mediated through nurses’ superiors. Conclusion: Nursing as a profession requires a guiding narrative to aid nurses in interpreting and navigating interactions with industry. A conception of trust that incorporates both the work of caring and attention to social justice could form the basis of these interactions, but would require that nursing take a much more critical stance toward marketing interactions.
Perspectives on good preceptorship
Authors: Hilli Yvonne , Salmu Marita , Jonsén Elisabeth 
Published: January 2014

Background: Clinical education is an essential part of the Bachelor’s program in Nursing and a keystone of professional nursing education. Through clinical experiences, the student nurses acquire nursing knowledge and essential skills for professional practice. The preceptor plays a vital role in the development of student nurses becoming professional nurses. Aim: The aim of this Nordic qualitative study was to explore the experiences of good preceptorship in relation to undergraduate student nurses in clinical education from the perspective of the preceptors themselves. Method: Data were collected by narrative interviews with 27 preceptors in Finland and Sweden and analyzed using a hermeneutical approach. Findings: A caring relationship, based on caring ethics, is seen as the foundation for learning and development. Moreover, a mutual respect is a prerequisite for fellowship and a good atmosphere. As such, encounters are characterized by reciprocity and mutuality. The preceptors have a deep sense of responsibility toward the students and the profession. Furthermore, the preceptors have an inner responsibility to guide the students into working life and to share their knowledge by acting as role models. Conclusion: The findings suggest that preceptorship should be examined through new lenses. Moreover, preceptorship is an ethical issue that should be recognized by all stakeholders.
Effects of School-Based Interventions With U.S. Military-Connected Children
Authors: Brendel Kristen Esposito , Maynard Brandy R. , Albright David L. , Bellomo Mary 
Published: January 2014

Objective: To examine the effects of school-based interventions on the well-being of military-connected children (i.e., dependents of U.S. military service members, veterans, or reserve component members) who attend public or private elementary or secondary schools with parental deployment, parental reintegration, parental military-related trauma or death, or frequent moves. Method: Systematic review methods were employed to search, retrieve, select, and analyze studies that met inclusion criteria. Results: Over 1,400 citations were reviewed and 22 full-text reports were screened. One study met criteria for inclusion in this review. Effects on anxiety, self-esteem, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors were not significant. Discussion: The paucity of intervention research in this area is surprising, given the increased awareness and research on the stresses and impacts of military deployment and other unique stressors related to military life on children. The results of this systematic review support the need for further development and testing of school-based interventions that address the needs of military-connected children.
Related Genes and Potential Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Lin Hang , Zhang Tao , Wu Yuxian , Wang Yunxia , Wang Weiwen , Wang Qingsong 
Published: January 2014

Aim: The aim of this study is to extend our understanding of the molecular mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE18309 from Gene Expression Omnibus database, which includes 3 genechips from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 3 genechips from patients with AD, and 3 genechips from normal controls (NC). Linear Models for Microarray Data package was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MCI versus NC group and AD versus NC group. Then, we extracted the overlapping DEGs of 2 groups for functional and pathway enrichment analysis using FuncAssociate software accompanied by gene ontology and expressing analysis systematic explorer, respectively. Further, AutoDock4 (http://autodock.scripps.edu/) was used to predict the docking site between small molecule ligands and proteins of a key DEG. Results: A total of 60 DEGs were identified. Biological processes associated with nutrient response and muscle development were significantly dysregulated in AD and MCI. In addition, we identified 2 active binding sites (A5 and L30) on protein structure of cholecystokinin A receptor (CCKAR) for drug design. Conclusion: The DEGs including CCKAR might be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD. However, further experimental studies are needed to confirm our results.
Treatment of Isolated Peroneus Longus Tears and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Arbab Dariusch , Tingart Markus , Frank Daniel , Abbara-Czardybon Mona , Waizy Hazibullah , Wingenfeld Carsten 
Published: January 2014

Background. Isolated peroneus longus tendon tears are rare and represent a frequently overlooked source of lateral ankle pain and dysfunction. Only few cases of isolated peroneus longus tendon tears have been reported and a common treatment algorithm does not exist. The purpose of this study was to give an overview of the literature and to present our experience of 6 consecutive cases that have been treated successfully by operation and immobilizing cast. Methods. A comprehensive chart review was performed to compile each patient’s age, sex, onset of symptoms, time between first symptoms and diagnosis, surgical findings, surgical treatment, length of follow-up, and outcome. The average patient age was 48 years (range 20-63 years). Results. Acute tears occurred in 4 cases, and 2 patients reported about a chronic onset of symptoms. The cause for acute tears was an acute inversion ankle sprain in all cases. Diagnosis was made after an average of 11 months (range 0.75-24 months). There were 2 complete tears, and other 4 were incomplete. An os peroneum was present in 2 cases. In 5 of 6 cases, the results after surgical treatment were excellent or good after a mean follow-up of 28.6 months (range 12-78 months). Conclusion. This study indicates that lateral ankle pain may be due to isolated acute or chronic peroneus longus tendon tears. Thorough clinical and radiological diagnosis is necessary to detect this uncommon injury in time. Patients with acute onset of symptoms and short time between symptoms and diagnosis tend to fare better than the chronic tears and delayed diagnosis. Surgical intervention yields successful and predictable results. Level of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective comparative study
Talonavicular Joint Fixation
Authors: Granata Jaymes D. , Berlet Gregory C. , Ghotge Rahul , Li Yuan , Kelly Brian , DiAngelo Denis 
Published: January 2014

Background: Fusion of the talonavicular (TN) joint is an effective treatment for hindfoot pain and deformity. Nonunion in hindfoot fusion procedures is most common in the TN joint. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the mechanical stability of 2 different forms of fixation for isolated fusion of the TN joint. Materials and methods: 13 fresh-frozen cadaver foot and ankles were procured and mounted vertically in a robotic biomechanical testing platform and tested before and after operative fixation; 7 specimens received 2 retrograde lag screws (2S), and 6 specimens received a locked compression plate with 1 retrograde lag screw (PS). A constant Achilles tendon load was initially applied followed by internal or external rotation (ER) of the foot and axial compression through the tibia. The relative motion of the talus and navicular bones was tracked using 3-dimensional optoelectric targets. Motion data were recorded in the traditional anatomical reference frame and then transformed into the TN joint frame. Results: In the TN joint frame, relative to the intact (preoperative) state, the plate fixation group PS showed a significant reduction in separation along the long axis of the talus in 3 out of the 4 loading scenarios (P values = .007, .02, and .05). The PS construct also significantly restricted the flexion-extension motion at the joint compared with the 2S construct, during the ER tests (P values = .002 and .001). Conclusions: In our simulated weight-bearing model, a dorsal locked compression plate with 1 retrograde screw was more effective at limiting the 3D motion across the TN joint compared with the traditional construct of 2 retrograde screws. Level of Evidence: III
A phase 1 study evaluating the safety and tolerability of otlertuzumab, an anti-CD37 mono-specific ADAPTIR therapeutic protein in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Byrd John C. , Pagel John M. , Awan Farrukh T. , Forero Andres , Flinn Ian W. , Deauna-Limayo Delva P. , Spurgeon Stephen E. , Andritsos Leslie A. , Gopal Ajay K. , Leonard John P. , Eisenfeld Amy J. , Bannink Jeannette E. , Stromatt Scott C. , Furman Richard R. 
Published: January 2014

Key PointsOtlertuzumab (formerly TRU-016) has modest single-agent activity in symptomatic treated and untreated CLL. Otlertuzumab demonstrates an acceptable safety profile, providing rationale for combination with other effective CLL therapies.
Haploinsufficiency of del(5q) genes, Egr1 and Apc, cooperate with Tp53 loss to induce acute myeloid leukemia in mice
Authors: Stoddart Angela , Fernald Anthony A. , Wang Jianghong , Davis Elizabeth M. , Karrison Theodore , Anastasi John , Le Beau Michelle M. 
Published: January 2014

Key Points
Egr1 haploinsufficiency in cooperation with reduced Tp53 activity accelerates the development of hematologic disease in mice. Loss of 1 copy of Egr1 and Apc in hematopoietic stem cells, in cooperation with Tp53 loss, results in myeloid neoplasms.
Temporal mismatch between pain behaviour, skin Nerve Growth Factor and intra-epidermal nerve fibre density in trigeminal neuropathic pain
Authors: Evans Laura J , Loescher Alison R , Boissonade Fiona M , Whawell Simon A , Robinson Peter P , Andrew David 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Background
The neurotrophin Nerve Growth factor (NGF) is known to influence the phenotype of mature nociceptors, for example by altering synthesis of neuropeptides, and changes in NGF levels have been implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic pain conditions such as neuropathic pain. We have tested the hypothesis that after partial nerve injury, NGF accumulates within the skin and causes ‘pro-nociceptive’ phenotypic changes in the remaining population of sensory nerve fibres, which could underpin the development of neuropathic pain.

Results
Eleven days after chronic constriction injury of the rat mental nerve the intra-epidermal nerve fibre density of the chin skin from had reduced from 11.6 ± 4.9 fibres/mm to 1.0 ± 0.4 fibres/mm; this slowly recovered to 2.4 ± 2.0 fibres/mm on day 14 and 4.0 ± 0.8 fibres/mm on day 21. Cold hyperalgesia in the ipsilateral lower lip was detectable 11 days after chronic constriction injury, although at this time skin [NGF] did not differ between sides. At 14 days post-injury, there was a significantly greater [NGF] ipsilaterally compared to contralaterally (ipsilateral = 111 ± 23 pg/mg, contralateral = 69 ± 13 pg/mg), but there was no behavioural evidence of neuropathic pain at this time-point. By 21 days post-injury, skin [NGF] was elevated bilaterally and there was a significant increase in the proportion of TrkA-positive (the high-affinity NGF receptor) intra-epidermal nerve fibres that were immunolabelled for the neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene-related peptide.

Conclusions
The temporal mismatch in behaviour, skin [NGF] and phenotypic changes in sensory nerve fibres indicate that increased [NGF] does not cause hyperalgesia after partial mental nerve injury, although it may contribute to the altered neurochemistry of cutaneous nerve fibres.