bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Classification of Migrated Lumbar Disk Herniation Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Algorithm Recommendations for Full‐Endoscopic Discectomy
Authors: Dai Anyuan , Zhang Jun , Liu Rui , Jiang Hong , Liu Yanting , Liu Qinyi 
Published: August 2024

Study DesignRetrospective clinical study.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to establish a novel classification of migrated lumbar disk herniation (LDH) based on magnetic resonance imaging and provide appropriate treatment strategies for each type through algorithms.Summary of Background DataFull‐endoscopic lumbar discectomy is a surgical technique that has been developed rapidly in recent years. For migrated LDH, few surgeons currently classify it with multiplanar positioning, and there is no consensus on the choice of treatment strategy. Therefore, we established a new multiplanar classification criteria that can localize the lesions more accurately than previous studies.MethodsA total of 263 eligible patients from March 2017 to March 2022 were included. Protrusions for each patient were located based on our classification and the surgical approach was selected according to our algorithms. The clinical symptoms of all patients before surgery, and at 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery were collected. Evaluations were performed using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and modified MacNab criteria. We used the chi‐squared test, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and t‐test to compare perioperative results and postoperative 3‐month, 6‐month, and 12‐month follow‐up results.ResultsVAS (low back pain) scores were reduced from 5.33 ± 2.67 to 0.73 ± 0.77 (p < 0.001), and VAS (leg pain) scores were reduced from 7.44 ± 2.21 to 0.37 ± 0.51 (p < 0.001). ODI scores improved from 58.46 ± 8.04 to 12.57 ± 2.51 (p < 0.001). According to the modified MacNab criteria, the excellent and good rate reached 92.78% at the 12‐month follow‐up. Twenty‐six patients developed complications, all of which improved after treatment. Recurrence occurred in 13 patients, and four of them underwent secondary surgery.ConclusionsThis is an innovative classification method using multi‐plane positioning, and the algorithm used with it can help surgeons make appropriate choices when using endoscopic technology to treat migrated LDH. Statistical analysis of follow‐up data confirmed that this is a safe and effective strategy.
Three‐dimensional mapping and superior approach for catheter ablation in patients without inferior vena cava access
Authors: Hsu Chu‐Yu , Chang Shih‐Lin , Lin Yenn‐Jiang , Lo Li‐We , Hu Yu‐Feng , Chung Fa‐Po , Lin Chin‐Yu , Chang Ting‐Yung , Chuang Chieh‐Mao , Kou Ming‐Jen , Chen Wei‐Tso , Chhay Chheng , Kao Pei‐Heng , Ibrahim Ahliah E. , Lin Wei‐Shiang , Chen Shih‐Ann 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCatheter ablation for tachyarrhythmia via superior approach has been used in patients without possible inferior vena cava access such as in cases of venous occlusion or complex anomaly. Difficulty in catheter manipulation, instability, number of required vascular access, and radiation exposure of operator had been described in the procedure. Application of three‐dimensional (3‐D) mapping system in catheter ablation via superior approach could navigate the guiding catheter and provide more precise ablation. We reported four cases receiving catheter ablation due to atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and right ventricular arrhythmia via superior approach facilitated by 3‐D mapping system with fewer vascular access and catheters.
Carboxylation capacity is the main limitation of carbon assimilation in High Arctic shrubs
Authors: Paillassa Jennifer , Pepin Steeve , Ethier Gilbert , Lamarque Laurent J. , Maire Vincent 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIncreases in shrub height, biomass and canopy cover are key whole‐plant features of warming‐induced vegetation change in tundra. We investigated leaf functional traits underlying photosynthetic capacity of Arctic shrub species, particularly its main limiting processes such as mesophyll conductance. In this nutrient‐limited ecosystem, we expect leaf nitrogen concentration to be the main limiting factor for photosynthesis. We measured the net photosynthetic rate at saturated light (Asat) in three Salix species throughout a glacial valley in High‐Arctic tundra and used a causal approach to test relationships between leaf stomatal and mesophyll conductances (gsc, gm), carboxylation capacity (Vcmax), nitrogen and phosphorus concentration (Narea, Parea) and leaf mass ratio (LMA). Arctic Salix species showed no difference in Asat compared to a global data set, while being characterized by higher Narea, Parea and LMA. Vcmax, gsc and gm independently increased Asat, with Vcmax as its main limitation. We highlighted a nitrogen‐influenced pathway for increasing photosynthesis in the two prostrate mesic habitat species. In contrast, the erect wetland habitat Salix richardsonii mainly increased Asat with increasing gsc. Overall, our study revealed high photosynthetic capacities of Arctic Salix species but contrasting regulatory pathways that may influence shrub ability to respond to environmental changes in High Arctic tundra.
Balancing the nutrient needs: Optimising growth in Malus sieversii seedlings through tailored nitrogen and phosphorus effects
Authors: Zhou Weiyi , Tao Ye , Peng Lan , Zheng Hongwei , Zhou Xiaobing , Yin Benfeng , Zhang Jing , Zhang Yuanming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe impact of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on the physiological and biochemical processes crucial for tree seedling growth is substantial. Although the study of plant hydraulic traits in response to N and P is growing, comprehensive research on their combined effects remains limited. Malus sieversii, a key ancestral species of modern apples and a dominant species in Xinjiang's Tianshan wild fruit forest, is witnessing a decline due to climate change, pests and diseases, compounded by challenges in seedling regeneration. Addressing this, a 4‐year study was conducted to determine the optimal fertilisation method for it. The experiment explored varying levels of N (N10, N20 and N40) and P (P2, P4 and P8), and their combined effects (N20Px: N20P2, N20P4, N20P8; NxP4: N10P4, N20P4 and N40P4), assessing their impact on gas exchange, hydraulic traits, and the interplay among functional traits in Tianshan Mountains' M. sieversii seedlings. Our study revealed that All N‐inclusive fertilisers slightly promoted the net photosynthetic rate. N10 significantly increasing leaf hydraulic conductivity. All P‐inclusive fertilisers adversely affected hydraulic conductivity. P8, N20P4 and N20P8 notably increased seedlings' vulnerability to embolism. Seedlings can adaptively adjust multiple functional traits in response to nutrient changes. The research suggests N10 and N20 as the most effective fertilisation treatments for M. sieversii seedlings in this region, while fertilisation involving phosphorus is less suitable. This study contributes valuable insights into the specific nutrient needs of it, vital for conservation and cultivation efforts in the Tianshan region.
Participation of the stress‐responsive CDSP32 thioredoxin in the modulation of chloroplast ATP‐synthase activity in Solanum tuberosum
Authors: Rey Pascal , Henri Patricia , Alric Jean , Blanchard Laurence , Viola Stefania 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlant thioredoxins (TRXs) are involved in numerous metabolic and signalling pathways, such as light‐dependent regulation of photosynthesis. The atypical TRX CDSP32, chloroplastic drought‐induced stress protein of 32 kDa, includes two TRX‐fold domains and participates in responses to oxidative stress as an electron donor to other thiol reductases. Here, we further characterised potato lines modified for CDSP32 expression to clarify the physiological roles of the TRX. Upon high salt treatments, modified lines displayed changes in the abundance and redox status of CDSP32 antioxidant partners, and exhibited sensitivity to combined saline‐alkaline stress. In non‐stressed plants overexpressing CDSP32, a lower abundance of photosystem II subunits and ATP‐synthase γ subunit was noticed. The CDSP32 co‐suppressed line showed altered chlorophyll a fluorescence induction and impaired regulation of the transthylakoid membrane potential during dark/light and light/dark transitions. These data, in agreement with the previously reported interaction between CDSP32 and ATP‐synthase γ subunit, suggest that CDSP32 affects the redox regulation of ATP‐synthase activity. Consistently, modelling of protein complex 3‐D structure indicates that CDSP32 could constitute a suitable partner of ATP‐synthase γ subunit. We discuss the roles of the TRX in the regulation of both photosynthetic activity and enzymatic antioxidant network in relation with environmental conditions.
Plant growth‐promoting abilities of Methylobacterium sp. 2A involve auxin‐mediated regulation of the root architecture
Authors: Grossi Cecilia E. M. , Tani Akio , Mori Izumi C. , Matsuura Takakazu , Ulloa Rita M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMethylobacterium sp. 2A, a plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) able to produce indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), significantly promoted the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana plants in vitro. We aimed to understand the determinants of Methylobacterium sp. 2A–A. thaliana interaction, the factors underlying plant growth‐promotion and the host range. Methylobacterium sp. 2A displayed chemotaxis to methanol and formaldehyde and was able to utilise 1‐aminocyclopropane carboxylate as a nitrogen source. Confocal microscopy confirmed that fluorescent protein‐labelled Methylobacterium sp. 2A colonises the apoplast of A. thaliana primary root cells and its inoculation increased jasmonic and salicylic acid in A. thaliana, while IAA levels remained constant. However, inoculation increased DR5 promoter activity in root tips of A. thaliana and tomato plants. Inoculation of this PGPR partially restored the agravitropic response in yucQ mutants and lateral root density was enhanced in iaa19, arf7, and arf19 mutant seedlings. Furthermore, Methylobacterium sp. 2A volatile organic compounds (VOCs) had a dose‐dependent effect on the growth of A. thaliana. This PGPR is also able to interact with monocots eliciting positive responses upon inoculation. Methylobacterium sp. 2A plant growth‐promoting effects can be achieved through the regulation of plant hormone levels and the emission of VOCs that act either locally or at a distance.
The B‐box protein BBX13/COL15 suppresses photoperiodic flowering by attenuating the action of CONSTANS in Arabidopsis
Authors: Rahul Puthan Valappil , Yadukrishnan Premachandran , Sasidharan Anagha , Datta Sourav 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe optimal timing of transition from vegetative to floral reproductive phase is critical for plant productivity and agricultural yields. Light plays a decisive role in regulating this transition. The B‐box (BBX) family of transcription factors regulates several light‐mediated developmental processes in plants, including flowering. Here, we identify a previously uncharacterized group II BBX family member, BBX13/COL15, as a negative regulator of flowering under long‐day conditions. BBX13 is primarily expressed in the leaf vasculature, buds, and flowers, showing a similar spatial expression pattern to the major flowering time regulators CO and FT. bbx13 mutants flower early, while BBX13‐overexpressors exhibit delayed flowering under long days. Genetic analyses showed that BBX13 acts upstream to CO and FT and negatively regulates their expression. BBX13 physically interacts with CO and inhibits the CO‐mediated transcriptional activation of FT. In addition, BBX13 directly binds to the CORE2 motif on the FT promoter, where CO also binds. Chromatin immunoprecipitation data indicates that BBX13 reduces the in vivo binding of CO on the FT promoter. Through luciferase assay, we found that BBX13 inhibits the CO‐mediated transcriptional activation of FT. Together, these findings suggest that BBX13/COL15 represses flowering in Arabidopsis by attenuating the binding of CO on the FT promoter.
Initial treatment choices for long‐term remission of chronic insomnia disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Furukawa Yuki , Sakata Masatsugu , Furukawa Toshiaki A. , Efthimiou Orestis , Perlis Michael 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy and acceptability of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I), pharmacotherapy, and their combination in the long and short terms among adults with chronic insomnia disorder.MethodsWe searched multiple databases to December 27, 2023. We included trials in hypnotic‐free adults with chronic insomnia comparing at least two of CBT‐I, pharmacotherapy, or their combination. We assessed the confidence in evidence using CINeMA. The primary outcome was long‐term remission. Secondary outcomes included all‐cause dropout and self‐reported sleep continuity measures in the long term, and the same outcomes in the short term. We performed frequentist random‐effects network meta‐analyses (CRD42024505519).FindingsWe identified 13 trials including 823 randomized participants (mean age, 47.8 years; 60% women). CBT‐I was more beneficial than pharmacotherapy in the long term (median duration, 24 weeks [range, 12 to 48 weeks]; remission odds ratio, 1.82 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15–2.87]; [certainty of evidence: high]), while there was weaker evidence of benefit of combination against pharmacotherapy (1.71 [95% CI, 0.88–3.30: moderate]) and no clear difference of CBT‐I against combination (1.07 [95% CI, 0.63–1.80: moderate]). CBT‐I was associated with fewer dropouts than pharmacotherapy. Short‐term outcomes favored CBT‐I over pharmacotherapy except total sleep time. Given the average long‐term remission rate in the pharmacotherapy‐initiating arms of 28%, CBT‐I resulted in a long‐term remission rate of 41% (95% CI, 31%–53%) and combination 40% (95% CI, 25%–56%).InterpretationThe current study found that starting with CBT‐I for chronic insomnia leads to better outcomes than pharmacotherapy. Combination may be better than pharmacotherapy alone, but unlikely to be worth the additional burden over CBT‐I alone.
Wittgenstein and set theory
Authors: Mühlhölzer Felix 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWittgenstein was hostile towards set theory; see his remark in §22 of RFM II: ‘I believe and hope that a future generation will laugh at this hocus pocus’. At the same time, he says that what philosophy owes set theory is ‘tremendous’ and that this is something ‘deep’. I want to clarify these two statements and to reconcile them. The hocus‐pocus remark is mainly directed at the temptation to talk about an own world of sets, focussing on extensions and thereby forgetting the actual mathematical manoeuvres leading to them. Wittgenstein does not shy away from using set‐theoretical symbols and expressions, but he regularly deprives them of their genuine set‐theoretical character. When speaking of the ‘depth’ we encounter with regard to set theory, what he means is the depth explained in PI §111: It arises ‘through a misinterpretation of our forms of language’, and this is particularly so in set theory.
It's not just about the sun, it's about a living: Rural older farmers’ experience of skin cancer risk and prevention
Authors: Yu Shih‐Yin , Hirsch Anne , Zaslavsky Oleg , Cochrane Barbara B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo understand rural older farmers’ perspectives and attitudes toward skin cancer risk and prevention.Design and sampleThis study used a grounded theory approach and semi‐structured interviews with 12 rural older farmers (farm owners, farmworkers ages 50 years or older) in Washington. Participants’ perspectives were explored relative to Health Belief Model constructs. Inductive and deductive analyses were used to generate relevant themes. COREQ guidelines were followed.ResultsThe findings fit well and extended the Health Belief Model, which was used to arrange key themes identified in relation to skin cancer risk and prevention, specifically participants’ perceived barriers to accessing primary care and protection when outdoors, perceived benefits of sun‐protective behaviors, perceived hereditary susceptibility to skin cancer, perceived severity of the increased skin cancer risk, and cues to action for skin checks. A new construct of hope was identified to emphasize the importance of establishing emotional, instrumental, and informational support systems for promoting skin cancer prevention. Participants also indicated their hope of raising awareness of skin cancer prevention among all ages.ConclusionsFindings highlighted the importance of integrating skin cancer prevention services for rural older farmers and across the lifespan. Public health approaches are needed to enhance the awareness of and access to preventive care in these underserved populations.
Nitrate transporters and mechanisms of nitrate signal transduction in Arabidopsis and rice
Authors: Zhang Xiaojia , Zhang Qian , Gao Na , Liu Mingchao , Zhang Chang , Luo Jiajun , Sun Yibo , Feng Yulong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNitrate (NO3−) is a significant inorganic nitrogen source in soil, playing a crucial role in influencing crop productivity. As sessile organisms, plants have evolved complex mechanisms for nitrate uptake and response to varying soil levels. Recent advancements have enhanced our understanding of nitrate uptake and signaling pathways. This mini‐review offers a comparative analysis of nitrate uptake mechanisms in Arabidopsis and rice. It also examines nitrate signal transduction, highlighting the roles of AtNRT1.1 and AtNLP7 as nitrate receptors and elucidating the OsNRT1.1B‐OsSPX4‐OsNLP3 cascade. Additionally, it investigates nuclear transcriptional networks that regulate nitrate‐responsive genes, controlled by various transcription factors (TFs) crucial for plant development. By integrating these findings, we highlight mechanisms that may help to enhance crop nitrogen utilization.
The Contemporary Presidency: The (vice) presidential pivot? Examining Kamala Harris's messaging before and after the 2022 midterms
Authors: Meeks Lindsey 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAspirational vice presidents need to continuously support the president yet still make a name for themselves for future elections. To understand how US VP Kamala Harris attempted to communicatively enact this balance, this study content‐analyzed Harris's official VP and personal Twitter/X accounts leading up to and following the 2022 midterms to determine how she shifted her message emphases before and after the elections and across officeholder and personal accounts. Results indicate she played her “party role” pre‐midterms and “executive branch role” post‐midterms, championed Joe Biden and Democrats but not herself, and used her personal account for campaigning.
Hepatitis B vaccine responders show higher frequencies of CD8+ effector memory and central memory T cells compared to non‐responders
Authors: Vakili Mahsa Eshkevar , Mashhadi Niloofar , Ataollahi Mohammad Reza , Meri Seppo , Kabelitz Dieter , Kalantar Kurosh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHepatitis B (HB) infection is a major global health problem. There is limited knowledge about HB vaccination‐induced immune memory responses. We compared the frequency of CD8+ memory T cell subsets between responders (RSs) and non‐responders (NRs) to HB vaccination. Blood samples were collected from RSs and NRs. PBMCs were cultured in the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) and PHA for 48 h to restimulate CD8+ memory T cells and T cell memory subsets were detected by flow cytometry using memory cell markers. The frequency of TEM, TCM, and TCMhi was significantly higher in responders compared to non‐responders (p = 0.024, 0.022, and 0.047, respectively). Additionally, we report a positive correlation between the frequency of TEM cells in RSs with age and anti‐HBsAb level (p = 0.03 and rs = 0.5; p = 0.01 and rs = 0.06). Responders display a higher level of CD8+ T cell‐mediated immunity. Therefore, we suggest a possible defect in the formation of immunological CD8+ memory T cells in NRs and it may reduce antibody production compared to the RSs, although more experiments are needed.
Validating Silent Gesture Lab Studies in a Naturally Emerging Sign Language: How Order is Used to Describe Intensional Versus Extensional Events in Nicaraguan Sign Language
Authors: Flaherty Molly , Schouwstra Marieke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLanguages are neither designed in classrooms nor drawn from dictionaries—they are products of human minds and human interactions. However, it is challenging to understand how structure grows in these circumstances because generations of use and transmission shape and reshape the structure of the languages themselves. Laboratory studies on language emergence investigate the origins of language structure by requiring participants, prevented from using their own natural language(s), to create a novel communication system and then transmit it to others. Because the participants in these lab studies are already speakers of a language, it is easy to question the relevance of lab‐based findings to the creation of natural language systems. Here, we take the findings from a lab‐based language emergence paradigm and test whether the same pattern is also found in a new natural language: Nicaraguan Sign Language. We find evidence that signers of Nicaraguan Sign Language may show the same biases seen in lab‐based language emergence studies: (1) they appear to condition word order based on the semantic dimension of intensionality and extensionality, and (2) they adjust this conditioning to satisfy language‐internal order constraints. Our study adds to the small, but growing literature testing the relevance of lab‐based studies to natural language birth, and provides convincing evidence that the biases seen in the lab play a role in shaping a brand new language.
Distributions of exotic herbaceous species along a roadside on Chichijima, the Ogasawara Islands, and their relationship with human disturbance
Authors: Eguchi Aoi , Hata Kenji , Numata Shinya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOceanic islands are a major tourist destination, and the invasion of exotic plants on oceanic islands is a serious problem. To discuss how exotic herbaceous plant invasion is driven by human disturbance on an oceanic island, we assessed the distribution patterns of exotic herbaceous species along a metropolitan road, including parking lots, on the island of Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands of Japan in the North Pacific Ocean. We observed 16 exotic herbaceous species representing seven families, and all the species have also been recorded in surveys 25 years ago. Species richness (number of species per plot) ranged from 0 to 9 with an average of 2.49. Distance from a parking lot was significantly negatively related to the distribution patterns of seven species and positively related to three species, pointing to parking lots being critical nodes along the dispersal pathways of exotic herbaceous species in Chichijima. Although roads are well known to play an important role as corridors for the invasion and seed dispersal of exotic plants, our results suggest that it would also be important to consider the location of parking lots to understand the distribution of exotic herbaceous species in road networks. We suggest that intensive weed management near parking lots and car wash protocols on Chichijima may be effective in halting exotic species spread.