bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of the TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: Gonçalves Meire Luzia , Borja Sarah Moreira , Cordeiro Jacqueline Andréia Bernardes Leão , Saddi Vera Aparecida , Ayres Flávio Monteiro , Vilanova-Costa Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago , Silva Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This study was conducted in order to investigate the implications of the R72P polymorphism in the TP53 gene in breast cancer risk. The enlightenment of this matter might provide a piece of information about the potential implications of this polymorphism in patient risk. A meta-analysis was conducted considering a large sample size from studies with conflicting results on the R72P polymorphism in breast cancer patients. Relevant studies were selected from PubMed and SciELO databases for data extraction and statistical analysis. Database was built according to the continent and considering the genotype frequencies, sample size and genotyping methodology. The dominant models (RR vs RP + PP and RR + RP vs. PP), homozygous (RR vs. PP), heterozygous (RR vs. RP and RP vs. PP) and the allele (R vs. P) were used. Genotype frequencies were summarized and evaluated by χ2 test of heterogeneity in 2×2 contingency tables with 95% CIs. Odds Ratios (OR) were calculated with a fixed-effect model (Mantel-Haenszel) or a random-effect model (DerSimonian-Laird) if the studies were considered homogeneous (P > 0.05) or heterogeneous (P < 0.05), respectively, using BioEstat® 5.0 software. Supported by a large sample size composed by 25,629 cases and 26,633 controls from 41 studies, we found significant association between the R72P polymorphism in the TP53 gene and the breast cancer risk. The overall data shows an increased risk due to the P allele dominant model, but not in Asia where the risk was associated with the R allele and R dominant model.
Early cartilage abnormalities at the hip are associated with obesity and body composition measures – a 3.0T MRI community-based study
Authors: Teichtahl Andrew J , Wang Yuanyuan , Smith Sam , Wluka Anita E , Urquhart Donna , Giles Graham G , Hussain Sultana Monira , Cicuttini Flavia M 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Although obesity is a risk factor for hip osteoarthritis (OA), the role of body composition, if any, is unclear. This study examines whether the body mass index (BMI) and body composition are associated with hip cartilage changes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in community-based adults.

Methods
141 community-based participants with no clinical hip disease, including OA, had BMI and body composition (fat mass and fat free mass) measured at baseline (1990 to 1994), and BMI measured and 3.0 T MRI performed at follow-up (2009–2010). Femoral head cartilage volume was measured and femoral head cartilage defects were scored in the different hip regions.

Results
For females, baseline BMI (β = −26 mm3, 95% Confidence interval (CI) -47 to −6 mm3, p = 0.01) and fat mass (β = −11 mm3, 95% CI −21 to −1 mm3, p = 0.03) were negatively associated with femoral head cartilage volume. Also, while increased baseline fat mass was associated with an increased risk of cartilage defects in the central superolateral region of the femoral head (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.08, 95% CI 1.00–1.15, p = 0.04), increased baseline fat free mass was associated with a reduced risk of cartilage defects in this region (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.67–0.99; p = 0.04). For males, baseline fat free mass was associated with increased femoral head cartilage volume (β = 40 mm3, 95% CI 6 to 74 mm3, p = 0.02).

Conclusions
Increased fat mass was associated with adverse hip cartilage changes for females, while increased fat free mass was associated with beneficial cartilage changes for both genders. Further work is required to determine whether modifying body composition alters the development of hip OA.
Post-mortem analysis of neuroinflammatory changes in human Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Gomez-Nicola Diego , Boche Delphine 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSince the genome-wide association studies in Alzheimer’s disease have highlighted inflammation as a driver of the disease rather than a consequence of the ongoing neurodegeneration, numerous studies have been performed to identify specific immune profiles associated with healthy, ageing, or diseased brain. However, these studies have been performed mainly in in vitro or animal models, which recapitulate only some aspects of the pathophysiology of human Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we discuss the availability of human post-mortem tissue through brain banks, the limitations associated with its use, the technical tools available, and the neuroimmune aspects to explore in order to validate in the human brain the experimental observations arising from animal models.
New iteration process for pseudocontractive mappings with convergence analysis
Authors: Thakur Balwant Singh , Dewangan Rajshree , Postolache Mihai 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this study, we introduce a three step iteration process and prove a convergence result for a countable family of pseudocontractive mappings. Our results improve and generalize most of the results that have been proved for this important class of nonlinear mappings.
Association between the TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/T) gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Cameroonian population: a pilot study
Authors: Nanfa Dieudonne , Sobngwi Eugene , Atogho‐Tiedeu Barbara , Noubiap Jean Jacques N , Donfack Olivier Sontsa , Mofo Edith Pascale Mato , Guewo‐Fokeng Magellan , Nguimmo Metsadjio Aurelie , Ndonwi Ngwa Elvis , Pokam Fosso Priscille , Djahmeni Eric , Djokam‐Dadjeu Rosine , Evehe Marie‐Solange , Aminkeng Folefac , Mbacham Wilfred F , Mbanya Jean Claude 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundTo study the relationship between the rs12255372 (G/T) polymorphism of the transcription factor 7‐like 2 (TCF7L2) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a Cameroonian population.MethodsThis case–control study included 60 T2DM patients and 60 healthy normoglycemic controls, all unrelated and of Cameroonian origin, aged above 40 years (range 40–87). The Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ‐ Polymerase Chain Reaction (RFLP‐PCR) was used for genotyping.ResultsThe T allele frequency was significantly higher in the diabetic group (0.44) than in the control group (0.17). This allele was significantly associated to a greater risk of developing T2DM as compared to the G allele (OR = 3.92, 95% CI 2.04 – 7.67, p < 0.0001). The codominant (additive) model explained best the risk of developing the disease, as the TT genotype was significantly associated to T2DM when compared to the GG genotype (OR = 4.45, 95% CI 1.64 – 12.83, p = 0.0014). By logistic regression adjusted for age, this OR was 4.33 (95% CI: 1.57 – 11.92, p = 0.005).ConclusionOur findings suggest that the rs12255372 (G/T) polymorphism of the TCF7L2 gene is an important risk factor for T2DM in the Cameroonian population.
Does a Recent Cancer Diagnosis Predict Smoking Cessation? An Analysis From a Large Prospective US Cohort
Authors: Westmaas J. Lee , Newton Christina C. , Stevens Victoria L. , Flanders W. Dana , Gapstur Susan M. , Jacobs Eric J. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose Quitting smoking provides important health benefits to patients with cancer. A cancer diagnosis may motivate quitting—potentially providing a teachable moment in which oncologists can encourage and assist patients to quit—but little is known about whether a recent cancer diagnosis (including diagnosis of a cancer that is less strongly linked to smoking) is associated with increased quitting. Methods Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort participants reported smoking status at enrollment in 1992 to 1993 and approximately biennially through 2009. Quit rates of smokers diagnosed with cancer during 2- and 4-year intervals were compared with those of smokers not diagnosed with cancer (12,182 and 12,538 smokers in 2- and 4-year analyses, respectively). Cancers likely to cause physical limitations or symptoms that could influence smoking (cancers of the lung, head and neck, esophagus, or any metastatic cancer) were excluded. Logistic regressions calculated quit rates controlling for age, sex, survey year, cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results The 2-year quit rate was higher among the 772 smokers who were diagnosed with cancer (31.3%; 95% CI, 28.0% to 34.5%) than among smokers not diagnosed with cancer (19.5%; 95% CI, 19.0% to 19.9%). A similar difference was observed for 4-year quit rates (43.0% v 33.8%). Results were similar by cancer site and stage. Conclusion A diagnosis of cancer, even a cancer not strongly related to smoking and with a relatively good prognosis, may be associated with increased quitting that is sustained well after diagnosis. Results support the hypothesis that a cancer diagnosis presents a teachable moment that can be capitalized on to promote cessation.
Clueless, a protein required for mitochondrial function, interacts with the PINK1-Parkin complex in Drosophila
Authors: Sen Aditya , Kalvakuri Sreehari , Bodmer Rolf , Cox Rachel T. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Loss of mitochondrial function often leads to neurodegeneration and is thought to be one of the underlying causes of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the precise events linking mitochondrial dysfunction to neuronal death remain elusive. PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin (Park), either of which, when mutated, are responsible for early-onset PD, mark individual mitochondria for destruction at the mitochondrial outer membrane. The specific molecular pathways that regulate signaling between the nucleus and mitochondria to sense mitochondrial dysfunction under normal physiological conditions are not well understood. Here, we show that Drosophila Clueless (Clu), a highly conserved protein required for normal mitochondrial function, can associate with Translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) 20, Porin and PINK1, and is thus located at the mitochondrial outer membrane. Previously, we found that clu genetically interacts with park in Drosophila female germ cells. Here, we show that clu also genetically interacts with PINK1, and our epistasis analysis places clu downstream of PINK1 and upstream of park. In addition, Clu forms a complex with PINK1 and Park, further supporting that Clu links mitochondrial function with the PINK1-Park pathway. Lack of Clu causes PINK1 and Park to interact with each other, and clu mutants have decreased mitochondrial protein levels, suggesting that Clu can act as a negative regulator of the PINK1-Park pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that Clu directly modulates mitochondrial function, and that Clu's function contributes to the PINK1-Park pathway of mitochondrial quality control.
Task related stress and cognitive control in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Zajenkowski Marcin , Styła Rafał , Jędrasik-Styła Małgorzata 
Published: April 2015

CelDeficyty pamięci roboczej są jednym z głównych zaburzeń poznawczych w schizofrenii. Badania sugerują, że u pacjentów ze schizofrenią szczególnie zaburzona jest kontrola poznawcza. Wykazano na przykład, że bodźce nieistotne z punktu widzenia wykonywanego zadania absorbują zasoby pamięci roboczej, które mogłyby być wykorzystane do przetwarzania i przetrzymywania istotnych informacji.
Zbadano czy podwyższone napięcie oraz tendencja do skupiania się na nieistotnych informacjach (martwienie się) są związane z kontrolą poznawczą w schizofrenii.MetodaW badaniu uczestniczyło 28 pacjentów ze schizofrenią paranoidalną oraz grupa kontrolna (n=28). Kontrola poznawcza była mierzona za pomocą skróconej wersji Attention Network Test, natomiast stany martwienia się i napięcia były szacowane przy użyciu skróconej wersji Dundee Stress State Questionnaire w polskiej adaptacji.WynikiW grupie pacjentów zaobserwowano wyższy poziom napięcia i martwienia się niż w grupie kontrolnej. Ponadto związek między przynależnością do grupy (pacjenci/grupa kontrolna) a efektywnością kontroli poznawczej był mediowany przez stan martwienia się.WnioskiWyniki badania sugerują, że deficyty poznawcze w zakresie kontroli poznawczej u pacjentów z rozpoznaniem schizofrenii mogą być częściowo wyjaśnione podwyższonym stanem martwienia się w trakcie wykonywania zadania (rozpraszaniem się myślami nie związanymi z zadaniem).
Close encounters of the Other kind: Ethical relationship formation and International Service Learning education
Authors: Larkin Allyson 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
International Service Learning (ISL) is a pedagogy designed to engage students in first-hand experiences of global social issues including poverty and inequality. There are growing concerns in the critical ISL research literature that positions of power and privilege obstruct opportunities to engage in transformative learning. Critiques are often founded on an understanding of ISL as learning about Others versus learning from Others and engaging with difference. This article considers the possibilities for a practice of ISL education that centres on the formation of socially ethical engagements with Others. It is motivated by my research on the impact of ISL practices on host communities in Tanzania. Racial and socio-economic differences are two key tensions that emerged as participants and community partners struggled to understand their respective roles in this project. Todd’s work problematizes ethical educational practices and is a valuable lens through which think about the ways that ISL may be complicit with the injustice that most practitioners and students of ISL originally seek to mitigate. Todd’s analysis built on Levinasian theory of relationship with Others is a space for ISL educators to imagine new opportunities for transformative and ethical educational practices.
Teaching citizenship in an international pharmacy practice course
Authors: Sadowski Cheryl A. , Shultz Lynette , Cox Cheryl , Gukert Marlene 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Pharmacy education is focused on preparing students for practice as health professionals. Curriculum for this professional programme includes pharmaceutical, social and health sciences. For pharmacy students to appreciate their role as citizens, exposure to citizenship teaching must be integrated into the curriculum, but this has not been studied within pharmacy. The purpose of our research was to describe the impact of an international pharmacy elective course that placed University of Alberta pharmacy students in Italy for a three-week period. Activities within the course were designed to expose the students to social justice, health policy, citizenship and their role in addressing health issues. Student interviews and course materials were analysed for emerging themes. The analysis identified themes relating to an developing awareness of citizenship and the personal and professional roles the students could play; appreciating broader health issues in the world, and the realization that medications are not always the primary approach for health; the importance of policy and advocacy for the right to food and health; and the integration of professionalism, advocacy, justice and citizenship in addressing health. Student learning regarding citizenship was supported through course activities and the context of the cross-cultural setting. The learnings about citizenship started at a basic level, identifying a significant curriculum gap in pharmacy education. Further collaboration between Pharmacy and Education, and international course experiences can assist in enhancing the citizenship teaching and learning of future health professionals.
Reviews
Authors: Davies Ian , Alaudan Rasha , Chen Sicong , Syed Ghazal 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Schools: Examining the Impact and Opportunities within Educational Systems, Anit Somech and Izhar Oplatka (2015) London: Routledge, xvi + 157 pp. ISBN: 9780415720533 Hardback £90
Growing Up Muslim: Muslim College Students in America tell their Life Stories, Andrew Garrod and Robert Kilkenny (2014) Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 232 pp., ISBN: 9780801452529, Paper back, £14.87
Citizenship Education in China: Preparing Citizens for the ‘Chinese Century’, Kerry J. Kennedy, Gregory P. Fairbrother and Zhao Zhenzhou (eds) (2014) New York: Routledge, 267 pp., ISBN: 9780415502726, h/bk, £80
Citizenship and Crisis in Contemporary Brazilian Literature, Leila Lehnan (2013) New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 252 pp., hardcover, £61 ISBN: 9781137277558
Design for Usability of Complex Medical Devices: Leading a Technology-Push Innovation Towards User Acceptance
Authors: Benker Andreas 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This study explores the applicability of usability design processes in the development of a complex medical device in order to enhance the marketability and user acceptance of such.
In healthcare, risk mitigation and prevention of potential use errors are the prevailing topics that need to be addressed throughout the development processes of medical devices. However, it is also acknowledged that medical device manufacturers ought to go beyond the mere functional and safety-related aspects of the device-to-be since potential customers also consult usability testing results before purchasing such systems. Yet, it remains unclear how and at what development stage manufacturers include the user perspective in their design iterations in order to enhance the system’s usability.
Through action research, this study investigates the approach towards product usability applied throughout the development process of a medical device manufacturer. Interdisciplinary usability workshops were conducted, involving designers and application specialists from within the company that represent future users of the device. These so-called user proxies are able to provide the input from a user perspective at several stages of the design process. It was found that device usability is considered as a crucial topic in order to detect and mitigate use errors as early as possible. Including user proxies in the development process is beneficial to receive feedback from internal professionals that come closest to future users of the system. However, it is challenging to translate user proxies’ insights directly into the development process due to the system’s complexity and technical constraints.
The study presents an outline of how to make the usability aspects fit into current development processes in order to increase user acceptance. It contributes to academia and practice alike as a starting point to further investigate how to integrate and standardize usability design processes throughout the development of medical devices.
The Strengths and Weaknesses of Celebrities as Branding and Creative Design Elements in Advertising
Authors: Tanaka Aoi , Nguyen Cathy , Romaniuk Jenni 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Celebrities are one of the most commonly used elements in advertising, as both design elements to signal the brand and as creative devices to attract attention and increase the consumers’ positive attitude to the advertisement. This raises two issues. The first is that despite the cost, as celebrities can be very expensive, prior literature has provided mixed results regarding celebrity contribution to effective advertising. The second is the possibility of conflicting objectives, in that a celebrity that is a powerful enough creative device to lift the cut through of the advertising may distract rather than build attention to the brand. Therefore, an advertisement gains on one dimension of advertising effectiveness but loses on another.
This multi-country study examines the strengths and weaknesses of celebrities as design elements in advertising, using advertisement recall, likeability and correct branding as advertising effectiveness measures. This research shows that celebrities cannot be used as silver bullets to guarantee effective advertising. We find no support that celebrity advertisements systematically outperform non-celebrity advertisements on any of the three advertising effectiveness measures. Category-level analysis reveals that advertisements with celebrities both outperform and underperform advertisements without celebrities. Further analysis with a classification of celebrity professions shows the superiority of athlete celebrities against non-celebrity advertisements in advertisement likeability. This suggests that there are extraneous factors which impact on advertising effectiveness when celebrities are involved. Our testing of some possible extraneous factors did not reveal anything significant.
No direction home: ‘The Home of Metal’ and unreconstructed and unaccommodated man
Authors: Andrews Ben , Bennett Pete 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
While acknowledging the significant part played by ‘The Home of Metal’ conference, exhibition and archive in the development of Metal Music Studies, this article is intent on interrogating the notion that metal can be so easily accommodated. It argues that at the very heart of metal there is an impetus/attitude/energy that cannot be in this way contained, let alone domesticated. It does so by exploring the identity of a genre conceived in opposition to mainstream musical genres and the aesthetic merits of being ugly as a means of resistance not only to authority in general but also of the aesthetic per se.
Misconceptions about family planning of women in Turkey
Authors: Bal Meltem Demirgöz , Aydın Özkan Semiha 
Published: April 2015

<p><em>Background</em>: The objective of this study is to investigate the myths of women about contraceptive methods.</p><p><em>Method</em>: This study was planned as a cross-sectional research. The study population consisted of 1335 women aged between 16 and 56 years, who attended to a family planning clinic of a state hospital in Karaman City in the southwest part of Turkey.</p><p><em>Findings</em>: The mean age of women has been 32,79±8,8. While 6.2% (n=84) of the women used no contraceptive method, 70.4% (n=945) of them used an effective method and 23.4% (n=312) used a traditional method. The 40.2% of women have believed in that the oral contraceptive method caused weight gain, infertility, bleeding disorders, hirsutism, cancer, irritability, malformed baby and premature menopause. The 24,2% of women have thought of that the intrauterine devices caused bleeding disorder, moving in the body, cancer, decreased sexual desire, genital infection and infertility.</p><p><em>Conclusions</em>: There are many myths and misconceptions surrounding contraception, and they can sometimes prevent a woman from making an informed choice.</p>
On Conditioning of Constraints Arising from Variationally Consistent Discretization of Contact Problems and Duality Based Solvers
Authors: Vlach Oldřich , Dostál Zdeněk , Kozubek Tomáš 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Variationally consistent approximation
of the non-penetration conditions and friction laws was introduced by Wohlmuth [Acta Numer. 20 (2011) 569–734] as a powerful tool
for the effective discretization of contact problems. This approach is especially useful when the potential contact interface is large and curved or when non-matching
grids are applied. The point of this note is to give bounds on the singular values of the constraint matrices arising from the variationally consistent approximation
and to indicate their application in the analysis of the scalable duality based domain decomposition algorithms for the solution of multi-body contact problems
[Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 247–248 (2012), 37–50.].
The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical experiments.