bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Dihydropyridines and Acridinediones via a Salicylic Acid‐Catalyzed Hantzsch Multicomponent Reaction.
Authors: Khodja Imene Amine , Ghalem Wassima , Dehimat Zineb Imene , Boulcina Raouf , Carboni Bertrand , Debache Abdelmadjid 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSalicylic acid is found to be an extremely useful and highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of the title compounds (III) and (VI) by three‐component condensation of aldehydes, 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds, and ammonium acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Induced Three‐Component Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of Benzopyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinolindiones.
Authors: Quiroga Jairo , Diaz Yurina , Bueno Juan , Insuasty Braulio , Abonia Rodrigo , Ortiz Alejandro , Nogueras Manuel , Cobo Justo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCompounds (IVa), (IVe), and (IVg) show high anti‐mycobacterial activities, which are related with the highest lipophilicity and the least polarity within these series.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Efficient One‐Pot Procedure for Thieno[2,3‐e][1,2,3]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines Preparation.
Authors: Pokhodylo Nazariy T. , Shyyka Olga Y. , Obushak Mykola D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe title compounds (IV) are efficiently and conveniently obtained by base‐catalyzed cycloaddition reaction of heterocyclic azides with activated nitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Some New 2,3‐Dimethylquinoxaline‐1‐oxides Using Bis(acetoxy)phenyl‐λ3‐iodane as an Oxidant.
Authors: Aggarwal Ranjana , Rani Chinu , Sumran Garima 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA facile synthesis of 2‐arylimino‐3‐hydroxyiminobutanes (III) and their oxidation to new quinoxaline‐1‐oxides (IV) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐ and Ligand‐Free Diboration of Alkynes and Alkenes Catalyzed by Platinum Nanoparticles on Titania.
Authors: Alonso Francisco , Moglie Yanina , Pastor‐Perez Laura , Sepulveda‐Escribano Antonio 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPt/TiO2‐catalyzed diborations of terminal and internal alkynes (I, IV and VI) as well as cyclic alkenes (XII) run in a stereoselective manner (cis‐diboration).
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthetic Protocol to 1,2‐Bis(dialkylphosphino)ethanes.
Authors: Doyle Laurence R. , Heath Alex , Low Choon Heng , Ashley Andrew E. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA new, facile and inexpensive synthesis of 1,2‐bis(dialkylphosphino)ethanes on a multi‐gram scale is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Sinugyrosanolide A, an Unprecedented C‐4 Norcembranoid, from the Formosan Soft Coral Sinularia gyrosa.
Authors: Cheng Shi‐Yie , Shih Neng‐Lang , Chuang Cheng‐Ta , Chiou Shu‐Fen , Yang Chia‐Ning , Wang Shang‐Kwei , Duh Chang‐Yih 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCytotoxic screening reveals that sinugyrosanolide A (I) displays moderate cytotoxicity against P‐388 cell line, but shows no discernible activity against HCMV cells and no activity against bacteria (E.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Characterization and Antioxidative Activity of Lancifonins: Unique Nortriterpenoids from Schisandra lancifolia.
Authors: Shi Yi‐Ming , Yang Jie , Xu Li , Li Xiao‐Nian , Shang Shan‐Zhai , Cao Peng , Xiao Wei‐Lie , Sun Han‐Dong 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe isolation, structure elucidation and determination of the absolute configuration of six lancifonins are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Lignan Glycosides with IL‐6 Inhibitory Activity from Akebia quinata
Authors: Jin Hong‐Guang , Kim A Ryun , Ko Hae Ju , Lee Sang Kook , Woo Eun‐Rhan 
Published: July 2014

Abstractisolation, structure elucidation and inhibitory activity of three new lignan glycosides, akequintosides A—C, and five known compounds against interleukin‐6 production
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Labeling of 5‐Iodo‐2′‐deoxyuridine with 4‐Ethynyl‐N‐ethyl‐1,8‐naphthalimide Using Copper‐Free Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Yuan Libo , Zhang Zhengan , Xu Xiaowei , Zhou Xiang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of a fluorescent nucleoside analogue (III) via a copper‐free Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective, Intermolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions of 3‐Acetoxyquinolone: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Pinolinone.
Authors: Mayr Florian , Wiegand Christian , Bach Thorsten 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPinolinone (I) is synthesized in six steps with an overall yield of 17% by using the [2 + 2]‐cycloaddition as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Endeavors Toward 2‐Nitro‐4‐alkylpyrroles in the Context of the Total Synthesis of Heronapyrrole C and Preparation of a Carboxylate Natural Product Analogue.
Authors: Schmidt Jens , Stark Christian B. W. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe title compound (II) is obtained in low yield with low regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: New Metabolites of C‐Glycosidic Ellagitannin from Japanese Oak Sapwood.
Authors: Omar Mohamed , Matsuo Yosuke , Maeda Hajime , Saito Yoshinori , Tanaka Takashi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe isolation, structure elucidation, and determination of the relative configuration of two new ellagitannin metabolites are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification and Biological Evaluation of Flavonoids from the Fruits of Prunus mume
Authors: Yan Xi‐Tao , Li Wei , Sun Ya‐Nan , Yang Seo‐Young , Lee Sang‐Hyun , Chen Jian‐Bo , Jang Hae‐Dong , Kim Young‐Ho 
Published: July 2014

Abstractisolation and structure determination of potent antioxidant and antiostereoporosis compounds including the novel flavan dimer (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Toward Synthesis of Third‐Generation Spin‐Labeled Podophyllotoxin Derivatives Using Isocyanide Multicomponent Reactions.
Authors: Kou Liang , Wang Mei‐Juan , Wang Li‐Ting , Zhao Xiao‐Bo , Nan Xiang , Yang Liu , Liu Ying‐Qian , Morris‐Natschke Susan L. , Lee Kuo‐Hsiung 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA new generation of spin‐labeled podophyllotoxin analogues are synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convergent and Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Phomolides G and H.
Authors: Subba Reddy B. V. , Sivaramakrishna Reddy P. , Phaneendra Reddy B. , Yadav J. S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPhomolides G (Ia) and H (Ib) are prepared in 15 and 17 steps with 18% and 16% overall yields, resp., involving MacMillan asymmetric epoxydation, Steglich esterification and ring closing metathesis as the key steps.
Preparation and Studies of Chiral Stationary Phases Containing Enantiopure Acridino‐18‐Crown‐6 Ether Selectors
Authors: Németh Tamás , Lévai Sándor , Kormos Attila , Kupai József , Tóth Tünde , Balogh György Tibor , Huszthy Péter 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTThe enantiomeric separation ability of the newly prepared chiral stationary phases containing acridino‐18‐crown‐6 ether selectors was studied by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chiral stationary phases separated the enantiomers of selected protonated primary aralkylamines efficiently. The best results were found for the separation of the mixtures of enantiomers of NO2‐PEA. Chirality 26:651–654, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dangling Ends Perturb the Stability of RNA Duplexes Responsive to Surrounding Conditions
Authors: Tateishi‐Karimata Hisae , Pramanik Smritimoy , Nakano Shu‐ichi , Miyoshi Daisuke , Sugimoto Naoki 
Published: July 2014

AbstractUnpaired terminal nucleotides (dangling ends) occur in various biologically important RNA structures. We studied the thermal stability of RNA duplexes with dangling ends under conditions that mimic those in cells. Dangling ends of one or two nucleotides stabilized a duplex up to approximately 2.7 kcal mol−1 in the absence of cosolutes. RNA duplexes with dangling purine nucleotides were more stable than those with pyrimidine nucleotides. Interestingly, in the presence of various cosolutes, RNA duplexes with purine dangling ends were significantly destabilized, although those with pyrimidine dangling ends were destabilized slightly. For example, in 30 wt % poly(ethylene glycol), stabilization resulting from adenine dangling ends was reduced by 1.4 kcal mol−1. Our quantitative analyses also showed that the number of water molecules bound to the dangling ends in an aqueous solution was independent of the nucleotide type but dependent on the stability of the dangling‐end region. It has been considered that dangling ends stabilize helices; however, our results suggest that the stabilization is responsive to the surrounding conditions.
Dynamic modeling of a dual active bridge DC to DC converter with average current control and load‐current feed‐forward
Authors: Guacaneme Javier , Garcerá Gabriel , Figueres Emilio , Patrao Iván , González‐Medina Raúl 
Published: July 2014

SummaryBidirectional power flow is needed in many power conversion systems like energy storage systems, regeneration systems, power converters for improvement of the power quality and some DC‐DC applications where bidirectional high power conversion and galvanic isolation are required. The dual active bridge (DAB) is an isolated, high voltage ratio DC‐DC converter suitable for high power density and high power applications, being a key interface between renewable energy sources and energy storage devices. This paper is focused on the modeling and control design of a DC‐DC system with battery storage based on a DAB converter with average current mode control of the output current and output voltage control. The dynamic response of the output voltage to load steps is improved by means of an additional load‐current feed‐forward control loop. An analytical study of the load‐current feed‐forward is presented and validated by means of both simulations and experimental results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNS tunneling detection through statistical fingerprints of protocol messages and machine learning
Authors: Aiello M. , Mongelli M. , Papaleo G. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryThe use of covert‐channel methods to bypass security policies has increased considerably in the recent years. Malicious users neutralize security restriction by encapsulating protocols like peer‐to‐peer, chat or http proxy into other allowed protocols like Domain Name Server (DNS) or HTTP. This paper illustrates a machine learning approach to detect one particular covert‐channel technique: DNS tunneling.Despite packet inspection may guarantee reliable intrusion detection in this context, it may suffer of scalability performance when a large set of sockets should be monitored in real time. Detecting the presence of DNS intruders by an aggregation‐based monitoring is of main interest as it avoids packet inspection, thus preserving privacy and scalability. The proposed monitoring mechanism looks at simple statistical properties of protocol messages, such as statistics of packets inter‐arrival times and of packets sizes. The analysis is complicated by two drawbacks: silent intruders (generating small statistical variations of legitimate traffic) and quick statistical fingerprints generation (to obtain a detection tool really applicable in the field).Results from experiments conducted on a live network are obtained by replicating individual detections over successive samples over time and by making a global decision through a majority voting scheme. The technique overcomes traditional classifier limitations. An insightful analysis of the performance leads to discover a unique intrusion detection tool, applicable in the presence of different tunneled applications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion preserves axonal function in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kwai Natalie , Arnold Ria , Poynten Ann M. , Lin Cindy S.‐Y. , Kiernan Matthew C. , Krishnan Arun V. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus. Although strict glycaemic control may reduce the risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the neurological benefits of different insulin regimens remain relatively unknown.MethodsIn the present study, 55 consecutive patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus underwent clinical neurological assessment. Subsequently, 41 non‐neuropathic patients, 24 of whom were receiving multiple daily insulin injections (MDII) and 17 receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), underwent nerve excitability testing, a technique that assesses axonal ion channel function and membrane potential in human nerves. Treatment groups were matched for glycaemic control, body mass index, disease duration and gender. Neurophysiological parameters were compared between treatment groups and those taken from age and sex‐matched normal controls.ResultsProminent differences in axonal function were noted between MDII‐treated and CSII‐treated patients. Specifically, MDII patients manifested prominent abnormalities when compared with normal controls in threshold electrotonus (TE) parameters including depolarizing TE(10‐20ms), undershoot and hyperpolarizing TE (90–100 ms) (P < 0.05). Additionally, recovery cycle parameters superexcitability and subexcitability were also abnormal (P < 0.05). In contrast, axonal function in CSII‐treated patients was within normal limits when compared with age‐matched controls. The differences between the groups were noted in cross‐sectional analysis and remained at longitudinal follow‐up.ConclusionsAxonal function in type 1 diabetes is maintained within normal limits in patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and not with multiple daily insulin injections. This raises the possibility that CSII therapy may have neuroprotective potential in patients with type 1 diabetes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence of hyperglycaemia in singleton versus twin pregnancy
Authors: Morikawa Mamoru , Yamada Takahiro , Akaishi Rina , Kojima Takashi , Nishida Ryutaro , Koyama Takahiro , Cho Kazutoshi , Minakami Hisanori 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundThere is conflicting information regarding the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in twin pregnancies. This study was conducted to determine whether the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus is higher in pregnant Japanese women with twin versus singleton pregnancy.MethodsThe prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was studied in two different populations: 144 589 women registered with the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG cohort) over 3 years between 2007 and 2009 in which patient selection bias was unavoidable; and 430 Japanese women who gave birth at a single centre over 5 years between 2008 and 2012 (single‐centre cohort), consisting of 86 women with twins and 344 women with singletons matched for maternal age and prepregnancy body mass index. The gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed on the basis of the previous criteria in the JSOG cohort. The gestational diabetes mellitus was screened in a stepwise method and diagnosed on the basis of the new criteria in the single‐centre cohort.ResultsIn the single‐centre cohort, neither frequency of random glucose level ≥105 mg/dL in the first trimester [9.0% (31/344) vs 5.8% (5/86)], positive result (≥140 mg/dL) on 50 g glucose challenge test in the second trimester [26.5% (90/339) vs 26.7% (23/86)], nor women diagnosed with GDM [8.4% (29/344) vs 9.3% (8/86)] differed between the two groups. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia was higher in singleton than in twin pregnancies in the JSOG cohort (2.6% vs 1.8%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe risk of gestational diabetes mellitus may be similar between Japanese women with singleton and twin pregnancies. Difference in the risk of hyperglycaemia in the JSOG cohort may have been due to selection bias. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of calcium and cyclic nucleotide signaling in cerebellar granule cell migration under normal and pathological conditions
Authors: Komuro Yutaro , Galas Ludovic , Lebon Alexis , Raoult Emilie , Fahrion Jennifer K. , Tilot Amanda , Kumada Tasturo , Ohno Nobuhiko , Vaudry David , Komuro Hitoshi 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTIn the developing brain, immature neurons migrate from their sites of origin to their final destination, where they reside for the rest of their lives. This active movement of immature neurons is essential for the formation of normal neuronal cytoarchitecture and proper differentiation. Deficits in migration result in the abnormal development of the brain, leading to a variety of neurological disorders. A myriad of extracellular guidance molecules and intracellular effector molecules is involved in controlling the migration of immature neurons in a cell type, cortical layer and birth‐date‐specific manner. To date, little is known about how extracellular guidance molecules transfer their information to the intracellular effector molecules, which regulate the migration of immature neurons. In this article, to fill the gap between extracellular guidance molecules and intracellular effector molecules, using the migration of cerebellar granule cells as a model system of neuronal cell migration, we explore the role of second messenger signaling (specifically Ca2+ and cyclic nucleotide signaling) in the regulation of neuronal cell migration. We will, first, describe the cortical layer‐specific changes in granule cell migration. Second, we will discuss the roles of Ca2+ and cyclic nucleotide signaling in controlling granule cell migration. Third, we will present recent studies showing the roles of Ca2+ and cyclic nucleotide signaling in the deficits in granule cell migration in mouse models of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and fetal Minamata disease. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 369–387, 2015
Efficient Anti‐Markovnikov‐Selective Catalysts for Intermolecular Alkyne Hydroamination: Recent Advances and Synthetic Applications
Authors: Yim Jacky C. ‐H. , Schafer Laurel L. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed hydroamination of alkynes with primary amines is a reliable tool for the synthesis of imines and enamines. Intramolecular hydroamination has been successfully applied in the synthesis of biologically relevant compounds, but intermolecular hydroamination is less commonly employed in synthesis, due to the possible formation of multiple regioisomers. With catalyst control, regioselectivity can be defined. This microreview focuses on recent advances in intermolecular alkyne hydroamination with primary amines in the presence of transition‐metal catalysts that are regioselective for anti‐Markovnikov addition. To highlight their potential use in synthesis, some recently developed methodologies that use intermolecular hydroamination in a tandem sequential manner to generate interesting organic cores are also covered.
A model measuring therapeutic inertia and the associated factors among diabetes patients: A nationwide population‐based study in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Li‐Ying , Shau Wen‐Yi , Yeh Hseng‐Long , Chen Tsung‐Tai , Hsieh Jun Yi , Su Syi , Lai Mei‐Shu 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis article presents an analysis conducted on the patterns related to therapeutic inertia with the aim of uncovering how variables at the patient level and the healthcare provider level influence the intensification of therapy when it is clinically indicated. A cohort study was conducted on 899,135 HbA1c results from 168,876 adult diabetes patients with poorly controlled HbA1c levels. HbA1c results were used to identify variations in the prescription of hypoglycemic drugs. Logistic regression and hierarchical linear models (HLMs) were used to determine how differences among healthcare providers and patient characteristics influence therapeutic inertia. We estimated that 38.5% of the patients in this study were subject to therapeutic inertia. The odds ratio of cardiologists choosing to intensify therapy was 0.708 times that of endocrinologists. Furthermore, patients in medical centers were shown to be 1.077 times more likely to be prescribed intensified treatment than patients in primary clinics. The HLMs presented results similar to those of the logistic model. Overall, we determined that 88.92% of the variation in the application of intensified treatment was at the within‐physician level. Reducing therapeutic inertia will likely require educational initiatives aimed at ensuring adherence to clinical practice guidelines in the care of diabetes patients.
Tree‐ring reconstruction of July–May precipitation (AD 1816–2010) in the northwestern marginal zone of the East Asian summer monsoon reveals the monsoon‐related climate signals
Authors: Chen Feng , Wang Huiqin , Chen Fa‐hu , Yuan Yujiang , Zhang Rui‐bo 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTA July–May precipitation reconstruction for the period AD 1816–2010 was developed from a tree‐ring width chronology of Picea wilsonii for the Xinglong Mountains area of Lanzhou. The reconstruction explains 55.8% of the actual precipitation variance during the calibration period from 1951 to 2010. Wet conditions prevailed during the periods 1822–1835, 1843–1858, 1870–1877, 1884–1891, 1911–1921, 1933–1938, 1944–1979 and 2009–2010. Dry episodes occurred during 1816–1821, 1836–1842, 1859–1869, 1878–1883, 1892–1910, 1922–1932, 1939–1943 and 1980–2008. Multi‐taper method spectral analysis indicates the existence of some significant peaks at 2.8, 3.0 and 3.5 years. Spatial correlations with gridded land surface precipitation data revealed that our reconstruction represents regional precipitation signal for a large area of North China linked to the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). Comparison with other tree‐ring‐based precipitation/drought reconstructions from surrounding areas implies a high degree of confidence for our reconstruction. Precipitation variations in the study area are significantly correlated with sea surface temperatures in eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean and tropical western Pacific Ocean, suggesting a possible connection of regional precipitation variations to the EASM and the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
Effect of timing of surgical SSP tendon repair on muscle alterations
Authors: Uhthoff Hans K. , Coletta Elizabeth , Trudel Guy 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTTo investigate the impacts of delayed repairs of a supraspinatus tendon tear on the supraspinatus muscle, we used an animal model data from two previously published studies in which one supraspinatus (SSP) tendon was detached. In one cohort, the rabbits were killed in groups of 10 at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. In the other cohort, a repair was done at these time points, 12 rabbits each, and the animals killed were 12 weeks later. SSP fossa volume (Muscle belly plus extramuscular fat [e‐fat] volume), percentage of intramuscular fat (i‐fat), and muscle tissue volume (muscle belly volume minus i‐fat), as well as CT determination of e‐fat and i‐fat of both cohorts, were compared. Fossa volume increased (p < 0.05). Muscle belly and muscle tissue volumes did not increase after repair (p > 0.05), but early repair prevented further volume losses, a fact not seen after 8 and 12 weeks delay of repair. No reversal of e‐fat or of i‐fat occurred, in fact i‐fat almost doubled after 4 weeks delay of repair (p < 0.05). CT studies confirmed the fat results. We conclude that early repair prevented loss of muscle belly and muscle tissue volumes, but that it has no positive influence on fat accumulation. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:1430–1435, 2014.