bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Medical Versus Surgical Treatment for Newly Diagnosed Cases of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Babber Meenu , Baisakhiya Shikha , Manjhi Prafulla , Sidhu HK , Sharma Neha 
Published: December 2012

Purpose:
To compare the efficacy of 0.5% timolol maleate eye drops with trabeculectomy in the treatment of recently diagnosed cases Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Material and Methods:
Total 60 patients were included in the study and were randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Group A was treated with topical timolol maleate ophthalmic solution (0.5%) twice daily while Group B was treated surgically by trabeculectomy. Baseline IOP (intraocular pressure), visual acuity, visual fields and C:D (cup disc ratio) ratio were noted before the initiation of therapy in both groups. The subsequent follow up were done weekly for first two weeks then at one month and subsequently three monthly upto one year.

Results:
In the present study, the mean reduction in IOP at the end of 1 year was 8.20 ± 0.75 mm Hg in group A and 10.40 ± 0.28 mm of Hg in group B. Greater IOP reduction was seen in group B. Although no significant change in CD ratio was observed in the two groups. In group A 30 % patients had deterioration in visual fields whereas in group B deterioration was seen in 15% patients. The visual acuity remained stable in both the study groups.

Conclusion:
In the present study it was concluded that mean IOP, visual field and visual acuity were better controlled on surgical treatment as compared to medical treatment.
Papillary Muscle Sandwich Plasty for the Treatment of Functional Mitral Valve Regurgitation
Authors: Ishikawa Susumu , Ueda Keisuke , Neya Kazuo , Kawasaki Akio , Kakinuma Akihito , Sakamoto Hidetoshi , Kuwana Koji , Nagatani Hirokazu , Otake Hiroshi , Morita Shigeho 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
We evaluated the availability of original “sandwich plasty” for the treatment of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and aortic valve disease (AVD). Forty-three patients were reviewed, including 27 IHD patients and 16 AVD patients. Preoperatively severe FMR was detected in 14 patients, moderate FMR in 26, and mild FMR in 3. The papillary muscle heads of anterior leaflets and posterior leaflets were approximated using Teflon-pledgeted 3-0 Ticron sutures at anterolateral and posteromedial commissural portions. After surgery, residual moderate FMR was observed in 1 patient and mild FMR in 3 patients. Tenting height of the mitral valve significantly decreased. FMR free rates 2 years after surgery were 93% among IHD patients and 83% in AVD patients. “Sandwich plasty” was simple and effective for the treatment of functional FMR caused by tethering effects due to left ventricular dilatation.
Two Cases of Diverticulitis in Patients With Williams Syndrome
Authors: Yamada H. , Ishihara S. , Akahane T. , Shimada R. , Horiuchi A. , Shibuya H. , Aoyagi Y. , Nakamura K. , Iinuma H. , Hayama T. , Nozawa K. , Matsuda K. , Watanabe T. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Williams syndrome is rare and associated with physical anomalies and mental retardation. It is a disease resulting from a gene deletion of chromosome 7. The main concurrent medical conditions typically associated with Williams syndrome are heart defects such as supravalvular aortic stenosis, mental retardation, and unusual physical characteristics. It is also associated with colon diverticulosis and diverticulitis. In the present article, we report on 2 cases of diverticulitis in patients with Williams syndrome, in whom surgery was performed. In many cases of diverticulitis in patients with Williams syndrome, surgical treatment is indicated. It is important to take diverticulitis into consideration when examining a patient with Williams syndrome presenting with abdominal pain and consider surgical treatment if necessary.
Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome: Exploring Possible Management Options
Authors: Bulut Turker , Canbay Emel , Yamaner Sumer , Gulluoglu Mine , Bugra Dursun 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare condition with various causes that results in ischemic injury. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical findings, diagnosis, and outcomes of treatment in patients with SRUS. Between 1992 and 2006, a retrospective review was undertaken for all patients diagnosed with SRUS. Fifty-eight patients were diagnosed with SRUS. Among patients with paradoxic rectal spasm (PRS), lesions disappeared in 1 of 3 given applied biofeedback treatment, and in 2 of 4 injected with Botulinum toxin (BotoxTM). Twenty-three patients underwent appropriate surgical treatment. Overall, postoperative improvement was seen in 18 patients (78.2%). In conclusion, every patient with SRUS must be assessed for causative disease. Treatment should include conservative approaches such as Botox injection; in patients with pelvic floor disorders, surgical treatment should be considered.
Oncologic Outcome of Stages II/III Colon Cancer Treated via Minilaparotomy
Authors: Ishida Hideyuki , Ishiguro Toru , Ohsawa Tomonori , Okada Norimichi , Kumamoto Kensuke , Ishibashi Keiichiro , Haga Norihiro , Yokoyama Masaru , Nakada Hiroshi , Gonda Tsuyoshi 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
We analyzed clinicopathologic, surgical, and survival data on consecutive series of patients with stages II/III colon cancer for whom curative resection via minilaparotomy (skin incision, ≤7 cm) was attempted between September 2002 and March 2009 to clarify the oncologic safety of this type of surgery. There were 64 men and 55 women; the median age was 70 years (range, 25–91 years). The median body mass index was 21.7 kg/m2 (range, 15.1–28.9 kg/m2). The minilaparotomy approach was successful in 115 cases (96.6%). The cumulative 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 89.7% and 82.4%, respectively, in patients with stage II disease (n  =  62) and were 68.4% and 82.4%, respectively, in patients with stage III disease (n  =  57), all of which were compatible with those of the historical control patients who underwent conventional open surgery. Minilaparotomy approach for stages II/III colon cancer seems to be oncologically equivalent to conventional open surgery.
Mirizzi Syndrome—Two Case Reports and a Short Review of the Literature
Authors: Petricevic Petar B. , Kontic Olga M. , Petricevic Miomira Z. , Kontic Marko M. , Smit Geza 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe authors have analyzed the problem of Mirizzi syndrome (MS) and found in the literature that it was reported in 0.3% to 3% of patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Anatomic disorder, especially the presence of cholecystocholedochal fistula, increases the risk of bile duct injury during cholecystectomy, albeit more often during laparoscopic than laparotomic cholecystectomy. A comparative study was performed regarding the incidence of MS in two groups of patients: 332 patients in Zrenjanin in the year 2009, and 531 patients in Belgrade in the year 2005, with an incidence of MS found in 2 patients in Zrenjanin (0.63%) and 4 patients in Belgrade (0.75%). The incidence rate was 6% in Zrenjanin and 7.5% in Belgrade, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. All patients with MS were diagnosed during the operative period using operative cholangiography. During preoperative diagnosis, patients underwent laboratory ultrasound examination, and those who were suspected of having an anatomic disorder underwent operative cholangiography, although patients today more often undergo choledochoscopy then cholangiography. MS according to classification by Csendes was found in all 6 patients undergoing operation.
A Novel Technique for Three-Dimensional Reconstruction for Surgical Simulation Around the Craniocervical Junction Region
Authors: Liu Guang-Jiu , Zhang Shao-Xiang , Qiu Ming-Guo , Tan Li-Wen , Li Qi-Yu , Li Kai 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Performing surgeries on the craniocervical junction presents a technical challenge for operating surgeons. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and surgical simulation have improved the efficacy and success rate of surgeries. The aim of this study was to create a 3D, digitized visible model of the craniocervical junction region to help realize accurate simulation of craniocervical surgery on a graphic workstation. Transverse sectional anatomy data for the study were chosen from the first Chinese visible human. Manual axial segmentation of the skull base, cervical spine, cerebellum, vertebral artery, internal carotid artery, sigmoid sinus, internal jugular vein, brain stem, and spinal cord were carried out by using Photoshop software. The segmented structures were reconstructed in 3 dimensions with surface and volume rendering to accurately display 3D models spatially. In contrast to conventional 3D reconstruction techniques that are based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) inputs and provide mostly osseous details, this technique can help to illustrate the surrounding soft tissue structure and provide a realistic surgical simulation. The reconstructed 3D model was successfully used in simulating complex procedures in the virtual environment, including the transoral approach, bone drillings, and clivus resection.
Ectopic Bone Formation and Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in the Thyroid Gland: Report of a Case and Literature Review
Authors: Akbulut Sami , Yavuz Ridvan , Akansu Bulent , Sogutcu Nilgun , Arikanoglu Zulfu , Basbug Murat 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
This purpose of this article is to document ectopic bone formation (EBF) and extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in thyroidectomy specimens. We present a case of multinodular goiter with EMH and EBF, as well as a literature review of studies published in the English language on EMH and/or bone formation in the thyroid gland, accessed through PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Thirteen published cases of EMH and/or EBF in the thyroid gland were evaluated, and a case of multinodular goiter with histopathologically proven EMH and EBF in a 54-year-old woman is herein presented. In the reviewed literature, 12 patients were women, and 1 was a man (age range, 28–82 years; median, 56.46 ± 18 years). EMH was histopathologically detected in 8 patients, EMH and EBF were detected in 4 patients, and only bone formation was detected in 1 patient. Although a solitary nodule was detected in 7 patients, multinodular goiter was detected in 6 patients. Fine needle aspiration cytology was used in the preoperative period to arrive at a diagnosis in 6 of the 13 patients, but it was not possible to obtain proper biopsy material in the remaining patients. Although no previously known hematologic disease was detected in 11 patients, 2 were known to have myelofibrosis in the preoperative period. When EMH is pathologically detected in the thyroid, the question of whether there is an underlying hematologic disease in the patient must be investigated. In addition, it must be kept in mind during fine needle aspiration cytology and frozen section examinations that EMH may be among the differential diagnoses for anaplastic thyroid cancers.
Demographics and Care-Seeking Behaviors of Sexual Violence Survivors in South Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Bartels Susan A. , Scott Jennifer A. , Leaning Jennifer , Kelly Jocelyn T. , Joyce Nina R. , Mukwege Denis , VanRooyen Michael J. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjectives: One of the most striking features of the ongoing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the use of sexual violence. In spite of the brutality of these crimes, the experiences of women affected by sexual violence in Eastern DRC remain poorly characterized. This analysis aimed to (1) provide detailed demographics of sexual violence survivors presenting to Panzi Hospital; (2) examine how demographic factors might impact patterns of sexual violence; and (3) describe care-seeking behavior among sexual violence survivors.Methods: The demographics and care-seeking behavior of sexual violence survivors in South Kivu Province were described from a retrospective registry-based study of sexual violence survivors presenting to Panzi Hospital (2004-2008).Results: A total of 4311 records were reviewed. The mean age of survivors was 35 years. Most women (53%) were married, self-identified with the Bashi tribe (65%), and reported agriculture as their livelihood (74%). The mean time delay between sexual assault and seeking care was 10.4 months. Five reasons were identified to help explain the lengthy delays to seeking care: waiting for physical symptoms to develop or worsen before seeking medical attention, lack of means to access medical care, concerns that family would find out about the sexual assault, stigma surrounding sexual violence, and being abducted into sexual slavery for prolonged periods of time.Conclusions: Many sexual assault survivors have very delayed presentations to medical attention. Promoting timely access of medical care may best be facilitated by reducing stigma and by educating women about the benefits of early medical care, even in the absence of injuries or symptoms.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:393-401)
Bioresponsive Hydrogels
Authors: Wilson A. Nolan , Guiseppi‐Elie Anthony 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBioresponsive hydrogels are emerging with technological significance in targeted drug delivery, biosensors, and regenerative medicine. Their ability to respond to specific biologically derived stimuli creates a design challenge in effectively linking the conferred biospecificity with an engineered response tailored to the needs of a particular application. Moreover, the fundamental phenomena governing the response must support an appropriate dynamic range, limit of detection, and the potential for feedback control. The design of these systems is inherently complicated due to the high interdependency of the governing phenomena that guide sensing, transduction, and actuation of the hydrogel. Future advancements in bioresponsive hydrogels will out of necessity contain control loops similar to synthetic metabolic pathways. The use of these materials will continue to expand as they become coupled and integrated with new technologies.
Synthesis of High Aspect Ratio BaTiO3 Nanowires for High Energy Density Nanocomposite Capacitors
Authors: Tang Haixiong , Lin Yirong , Sodano Henry A. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractHigh energy density capacitors are critically important in advanced electronic devices and power systems since they can reduce the weight, size and cost required to meet a desired application. Nanocomposites hold strong potential for increasing the performance of high power energy sources; however, the energy density of most nanocomposites is still low compared to commercial capacitors and neat polymers. Here, we develop a new synthesis method for the growth of high aspect ratio barium titanate nanowires (BaTiO3) nanowires (NWs) with high yield. High energy density nanocomposite capacitors are fabricated using surface‐functionalized high aspect ratio BaTiO3 NWs in a poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene‐chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE)) matrix. At a 17.5% volume fraction, the nanocomposites show more than 45.3% increase in energy density above that of the pure P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE) polymer (10.48 J/cc compared to 7.21 J/cc) at electric field 300 MV/m. This value is significant and exceeds those reported for the conventional polymer‐ceramic nanocomposites; it is also more than seven times larger than high performance commercial polypropylene capacitor (1.2 J/cc at 640 MV/m). In addition, our nanocomposite capacitor has a maximum power density as high as 1.2 MW/cc occurring only 1.52 μs after the start of discharge. The findings of this research could lead to enhanced interest in nanowires based nanocomposites due to their potential for achieving next generation energy storage devices.
Advanced imaging improves prediction of hemorrhage after stroke thrombolysis
Authors: Campbell Bruce C. V. , Christensen Søren , Parsons Mark W. , Churilov Leonid , Desmond Patricia M. , Barber P. Alan , Butcher Kenneth S. , Levi Christopher R. , De Silva Deidre A. , Lansberg Maarten G. , Mlynash Michael , Olivot Jean‐Marc , Straka Matus , Bammer Roland , Albers Gregory W. , Donnan Geoffrey A. , Davis Stephen M. 
Published: December 2012

ObjectiveVery low cerebral blood volume (VLCBV), diffusion, and hypoperfusion lesion volumes have been proposed as predictors of hemorrhagic transformation following stroke thrombolysis. We aimed to compare these parameters, validate VLCBV in an independent cohort using DEFUSE study data, and investigate the interaction of VLCBV with regional reperfusion.MethodsThe EPITHET and DEFUSE studies obtained diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients 3 to 6 hours from onset of ischemic stroke. EPITHET randomized patients to tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or placebo, and all DEFUSE patients received tPA. VLCBV was defined as cerebral blood volume<2.5th percentile of brain contralateral to the infarct. Parenchymal hematoma (PH) was defined using European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study criteria. Reperfusion was assessed using subacute perfusion MRI coregistered to baseline imaging.ResultsIn DEFUSE, 69 patients were analyzed, including 9 who developed PH. The >2 ml VLCBV threshold defined in EPITHET predicted PH with 100% sensitivity, 72% specificity, 35% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. Pooling EPITHET and DEFUSE (163 patients, including 23 with PH), regression models using VLCBV (p<0.001) and tPA (p=0.02) predicted PH independent of clinical factors better than models using diffusion or time to maximum>8 seconds lesion volumes. Excluding VLCBV in regions without reperfusion improved specificity from 61 to 78% in the pooled analysis.InterpretationVLCBV predicts PH after stroke thrombolysis and appears to be a more powerful predictor than baseline diffusion or hypoperfusion lesion volumes. Reperfusion of regions of VLCBV is strongly associated with post‐thrombolysis PH. VLCBV may be clinically useful to identify patients at significant risk of hemorrhage following reperfusion. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:510–519
Comparison of accelerated aging of silicone rubber gasket material with aging in a fuel cell environment
Authors: Pehlivan‐Davis Sebnem , Clarke Jane , Armour Simon 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack requires gaskets in each cell to keep the reactant gases within their respective regions. Both sealing and electrochemical performance of the fuel cell depend on the long‐term stability of the gasket materials. In this paper, the change in properties and structure of a silicone rubber gasket brought about by use in a fuel cell was studied and compared to the changes in the same silicone rubber gasket material brought about by accelerated aging. The accelerated aging conditions were chosen to relate to the PEM fuel cell environment, but with more extreme conditions of elevated temperature (140°C) and greater acidity. The dilute sulfuric acid accelerated aging solutions used had pH values of 1, 2, and 4. In an additional test, Nafion® membrane suspended in water was used for accelerated aging, to more closely correspond to a PEM fuel cell environment. The analysis showed that acid hydrolysis was the most likely mechanism of degradation and that similar degradation occurred under both real fuel cell and accelerated aging conditions. It was concluded that the accelerated aging test is a good one for rapidly screening materials for resistance to the acidic environment of the fuel cell. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
A comparative study on some properties of wood plastic composites using canola stalk, Paulownia, and nanoclay
Authors: Zahedi Meysam , Tabarsa Taghi , Ashori Alireza , Madhoushi Mehrab , Shakeri Alireza 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this research, the reinforcing effect of fillers including canola stalk, paulownia and nanoclay, in polypropylene (PP) has been investigated. In the sample preparation, 50 wt% of lignocellulosic materials and 0, 3, and 5 wt% of nanoclay particles were used. The results showed that while flexural and tensile properties were moderately enhanced by the addition of nanoclay in the matrix, notched Izod impact strengths decreased dramatically. However, with increase in the nanoclay content (5 wt%), the flexural and tensile properties decreased considerably. The mechanical properties of composites filled with paulownia are generally greater than canola stalk composites, due to the higher aspect ratio. The thickness swelling and water absorption of the composites significantly decreased with the increase in nanoclay loading. Except tensile modulus, the differences between the type of fibrous materials and nanoclay contents had significant influence on physicomechanical properties. Morphologies of the composites were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and the results showed increased d‐spacing of clay layers indicating enhanced compatibility among PP, clay, and lignocellulosic material. TEM micrographs also confirmed that the composites containing 3 wt% nanoclay had uniform dispersion and distribution of clay layers in the polymer matrix. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
A novel spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of calcitonin in ampules through derivatization with fluorescamine
Authors: Koçdan Deniz , Basan Hasan 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTIn this study, a simple, sensitive and selective spectroflourimetric method has been developed for the determination of salmon calcitonin (sCT) in ampules. The method is based on the reaction between sCT and fluorescamine at pH 8.5 in borate buffer, resulting in a highly fluorescent derivative. Fluorescence of derivatized sCT solutions was measured by setting the excitation and emission monochromators and slit widths to 390, 484 and 10 nm, respectively. Sevaral derivatization parameters were optimized. A calibration graph was constructed using standard solutions of the derivatized calcitonin in the range 0.5–6.0 µg/mL. Limit of detection and limit of quantification values were determined to be 0.124 and 0.372 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of sCT in commercially available ampules. High recovery values (101.0–102.0 %), and a low relative standard deviation (RSD %) value (5.3–5.4) proved the accuracy and precision of the proposed method. An isocratic reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method, as a reference, was also developed for the determination of sCT. A reversed‐phase Nucleosil® C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 10 µm particle size, 120 Å pore size) was used and the detector was set at 210 nm. Statistical comparison of the results of the two methods showed clearly that there was no significant difference between them. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.