bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial tRNA Variants in Chinese Subjects With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Qin Yanwen , Xue Ling , Jiang Pingping , Xu Meifen , He Yiqun , Shi Suxue , Huang Yangyiyi , He Jiqiang , Mo Jun Qin , Guan Min‐Xin 
Published: January 2014

Background
Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Mitochondrial genetic determinants for the development of this disorder remain less explored.

Methods and Results

We performed a clinical and genetic evaluation and mutational screening of 22 mitochondrial
tRNA
genes in a cohort of 80 genetically unrelated Han
C
hinese subjects and 125 members of 4 families with coronary heart disease and 512
C
hinese control subjects. This analysis identified 16 nucleotide changes among 9
tRNA
genes. Of these, the T5592C mutation creates a highly conservative base pairing (5G‐68C) on the acceptor stem of
tRNA
Gln
, whereas the G15927A mutation destabilizes a highly conserved base pairing (28C‐42G) in the anticodon stem of
tRNA
Thr
. However, the other
tRNA
variants were polymorphisms. The pedigrees of BJH24 carrying the T5592C mutation, BJH15, and BJH45 harboring the G15927A mutation exhibited maternal transmission of coronary heart disease. Sequence analysis of their mitochondrial genomes revealed the presence of T5592C or G15927A mutation but the absence of other functionally significant mutations in all matrilineal relatives of these families.

Conclusions

Our previous observations showed that altered structures of
tRNA
s by these mt
DNA
mutations caused mitochondrial dysfunction. These may be the first evidence that mt
DNA
mutations increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Our findings may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of this disorder.
Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage After Stroke Thrombolysis
Authors: Strbian Daniel , Michel Patrik , Seiffge David J. , Saver Jeffrey L. , Numminen Heikki , Meretoja Atte , Murao Kei , Weder Bruno , Forss Nina , Parkkila Anna-Kaisa , Eskandari Ashraf , Cordonnier Charlotte , Davis Stephen M. , Engelter Stefan T. , Tatlisumak Turgut 
Published: January 2014

Background and Purpose—
Several prognostic scores have been developed to predict the risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) after ischemic stroke thrombolysis. We compared the performance of these scores in a multicenter cohort.

Methods—
We merged prospectively collected data of patients with consecutive ischemic stroke who received intravenous thrombolysis in 7 stroke centers. We identified and evaluated 6 scores that can provide an estimate of the risk of sICH in hyperacute settings: MSS (Multicenter Stroke Survey); HAT (Hemorrhage After Thrombolysis); SEDAN (blood sugar, early infarct signs, [hyper]dense cerebral artery sign, age, NIH Stroke Scale); GRASPS (glucose at presentation, race [Asian], age, sex [male], systolic blood pressure at presentation, and severity of stroke at presentation [NIH Stroke Scale]); SITS (Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke); and SPAN (stroke prognostication using age and NIH Stroke Scale)-100 positive index. We included only patients with available variables for all scores. We calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) and also performed logistic regression and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test.

Results—
The final cohort comprised 3012 eligible patients, of whom 221 (7.3%) had sICH per National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 141 (4.7%) per European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II, and 86 (2.9%) per Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke criteria. The performance of the scores assessed with AUC-ROC for predicting European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II sICH was: MSS, 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.58–0.68); HAT, 0.65 (0.60–0.70); SEDAN, 0.70 (0.66–0.73); GRASPS, 0.67 (0.62–0.72); SITS, 0.64 (0.59–0.69); and SPAN-100 positive index, 0.56 (0.50–0.61). SEDAN had significantly higher AUC-ROC values compared with all other scores, except for GRASPS where the difference was nonsignificant. SPAN-100 performed significantly worse compared with other scores. The discriminative ranking of the scores was the same for the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke definitions, with SEDAN performing best, GRASPS second, and SPAN-100 worst.

Conclusions—
SPAN-100 had the worst predictive power, and SEDAN constantly the highest predictive power. However, none of the scores had better than moderate performance.
Characterizing the Climate Feedback Pattern in the NCAR CCSM3-SOM Using Hourly Data
Authors: Song Xiaoliang , Zhang Guang J. , Cai Ming 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The climate feedback–response analysis method (CFRAM) was applied to 10-yr hourly output of the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 3, using the slab ocean model (CCSM3-SOM), to analyze the strength and spatial distribution of climate feedbacks and to characterize their contributions to the global and regional surface temperature Ts changes in response to a doubling of CO2. The global mean bias in the sum of partial Ts changes associated with the CO2 forcing, and each feedback derived with the CFRAM analysis is about 2% of Ts change obtained directly from the CCSM3-SOM simulations. The pattern correlation between the two is 0.94, indicating that the CFRAM analysis using hourly model output is accurate and thus is appropriate for quantifying the contributions of climate feedback to the formation of global and regional warming patterns. For global mean Ts, the largest contributor to the warming is water vapor feedback, followed by the direct CO2 forcing and albedo feedback. The albedo feedback exhibits the largest spatial variation, followed by shortwave cloud feedback. In terms of pattern correlation and RMS difference with the modeled global surface warming, longwave cloud feedback contributes the most. On zonal average, albedo feedback is the largest contributor to the stronger warming in high latitudes than in the tropics. The longwave cloud feedback further amplifies the latitudinal warming contrast. Both the land–ocean warming difference and contributions of climate feedbacks to it vary with latitude. Equatorward of 50°, shortwave cloud feedback and dynamical advection are the two largest contributors. The land–ocean warming difference on the hemispheric scale is mainly attributable to longwave cloud feedback and convection.
Evaluation and Parameter-Sensitivity Study of a Single-Layer Urban Canopy Model (SLUCM) with Measurements in Nanjing, China
Authors: Zhao Wenjing , Zhang Ning , Sun Jianning , Zou Jun 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
An offline single-layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) was driven by the surface energy balance observations in winter in Nanjing, China, to evaluate the capability of the model to simulate the urban surface energy balance. The results of the evaluation suggest that the simulated daytime net radiation is approximately 20% lower than the observed and display relatively high systematic error, which is due to the relatively poor capacity of the model to simulate the daytime longwave radiation (which is underestimated by approximately 35%). By contrast, the simulated sensible heat flux shows mainly unsystematic error. Moreover, the one-at-a-time method is used to conduct a sensitivity analysis of the model parameters. The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the major factors affecting the surface energy balance are the albedo, the thermal conductivity, and the roof and wall volumetric heat capacity. The influences of the shape of the street canyon and the average height of buildings are relatively weaker. The effects of the albedo on the fluxes are nearly linear. The effects of the thermal parameters are approximately logarithmic. Furthermore, the simulated sensible heat flux in the SLUCM is insensitive to the morphological parameters of the buildings.
Engaging Teens and Parents in Collaborative Practice
Authors: Sullivan-Bolyai Susan , Bova Carol , Johnson Kimberly , Cullen Karen , Jaffarian Carol , Quinn Diane , Aroke Edwin N. , Crawford Sybil , Lee Mary M. , Gupta Olga 
Published: January 2014

Purpose The purpose of this exploratory focus group study was to describe the perspectives of teens and their parents about self-management knowledge, behaviors (including division of labor associated with T1D management), and resources used to manage T1D. The overall goal is to use this information to develop a teen–family transition clinic. Methods The self and family management behaviors framework undergirded the separate teen–parent focus groups that were conducted concurrently. Note-based qualitative content analysis was used, resulting in several important messages. Results From the teens’ perspective there was variation in interest in learning more about T1D and management. Those teens who had been diagnosed at a very young age reported not knowing anything else but diabetes, while those diagnosed later developmentally embraced the active learning process. Diabetes camp and peer group support were not seen as beneficial. All the teens were interested in “helping others” with diabetes. Parents shared the common struggle with transition of self-management, with variation in parenting styles. A small group of parents reported their “job” as a parent was to make sure their child was self-sufficient in self-management, but felt pressure from the health care providers (HCPs) to physically do the care, defeating the purpose. Parents and teens reported wanting HCPs to be less focused on “numbers” (blood glucose levels) and more on the whole person. Scheduling appointment changes and long waiting times were reported as problematic by all participants. Conclusions Teen and parent perspectives are critical in designing future well-received adolescent–family transition clinics. Development from the ground up with family recommendations may contribute to high-quality health outcomes.
Valvular repair or replacement for mitral endocarditis: 7-year cohort study
Authors: Wang Tom Kai Ming , Oh Timothy , Voss Jamie , Gamble Greg , Kang Nicholas , Pemberton James 
Published: January 2014

Background A few studies have compared mitral valve repair and replacement in the setting of infective endocarditis, with varying results. We compared the characteristics and outcomes of mitral repair and replacement in endocarditis patients. Methods All patients undergoing mitral valve repair or replacement for active mitral endocarditis during 2005–2011 were included. Operative and follow-up mortality, composite morbidity, recurrent endocarditis, and redo operations were prespecified endpoints for analyses. Results There were 25 and 35 patients undergoing mitral valve repair and replacement, respectively. They were followed-up for 3.9 ± 2.5 years. Valve replacement patients were older ( p = 0.029), had a higher prevalence of intracardiac abscess ( p = 0.035), previous endocarditis ( p = 0.036), atrial fibrillation ( p = 0.001), worse renal function ( p = 0.013), higher risk scores ( p = 0.004–0.020), and longer operation times ( p < 0.001). Repair and replacement had similar rates of operative mortality (4.0% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.634), composite morbidity (16.0% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.357), survival ( p = 0.564), recurrent endocarditis ( p = 0.081), and redo operations ( p = 0.813). Independent predictors of operative mortality were preoperative inotropic or intraaortic balloon pump support. The independent predictor of mortality during follow-up was dialysis. Independent predictors of composite morbidity were intracardiac abscess and hypercholesterolemia. The independent predictor of recurrent endocarditis was previous endocarditis, and the independent predictor of redo operation was previous stroke. Conclusion Mitral valve replacement candidates had more baseline risk factors and higher raw rates of postoperative mortality and morbidity, which did not reach statistical significance.
Stress Sonography of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow in Professional Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Ciccotti Michael G. , Atanda Alfred , Nazarian Levon N. , Dodson Christopher C. , Holmes Laurens , Cohen Steven B. 
Published: January 2014

Background: An injury to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow is potentially career threatening for elite baseball pitchers. Stress ultrasound (US) of the elbow allows for evaluation of both the UCL and the ulnohumeral joint space at rest and with stress. Hypothesis: Stress US can identify morphological and functional UCL changes and may predict the risk of a UCL injury in elite pitchers. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 368 asymptomatic professional baseball pitchers underwent preseason stress US of their dominant and nondominant elbows over a 10-year period (2002-2012). Stress US examinations were performed in 30° of flexion at rest and with 150 N of valgus stress by a single musculoskeletal radiologist. Ligament thickness, ulnohumeral joint space width, and ligament abnormalities (hypoechoic foci and calcifications) were documented. Results: There were 736 stress US studies. The mean UCL thickness in the dominant elbow (6.15 mm) was significantly greater than that in the nondominant elbow (4.82 mm) ( P < .0001). The mean stressed ulnohumeral joint space width in the dominant elbow (4.56 mm) was significantly greater than that in the nondominant elbow (3.72 mm) ( P < .02). In the dominant arm, hypoechoic foci and calcifications were both significantly more prevalent (28.0% vs 3.5% and 24.9% vs 1.6%, respectively; P < .001). In the 12 players who incurred a UCL injury, there were nonsignificant ( P > .05) increases in baseline ligament thickness, ulnohumeral joint space gapping with stress, and incidence of hypoechoic foci and calcifications. More than 1 stress US examination was performed in 131 players, with a mean increase of 0.78 mm in joint space gapping with subsequent evaluations. Conclusion: Stress US indicates that the UCL in the dominant elbow of elite pitchers is thicker, is more likely to have hypoechoic foci and/or calcifications, and has increased laxity with valgus stress over time.
Serum potassium is an age-dependent risk factor for pre-diabetes and diabetes in the Israeli population
Authors: Doenyas-Barak Keren , Beberashvili Ilia , Vinker Shlomo 
Published: January 2014

Objective: We analysed the association between serum potassium, within the normal range, and early signs of diabetes in an Israeli population. Research design and methods: A computerized database of the Clalit Health Services was used for obtaining information regarding patients’ baseline serum potassium levels. The main study outcome was dysglycaemia, defined as fasting glucose > 100 mg/dL, HbA1C > 6.5 gr% (48 mmol/mol) or a new diagnosis of diabetes. A secondary outcome was overt diabetes. Results: Included in the study were 71,597 patients, mean age 40.8 ± 13.4 years. After a mean follow-up period of 5.3 ± 2.2 years, dysglycaemia decreased [odds ratio (OR) = 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.906–0.997; p = 0.038], as did the incidence of overt diabetes (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.793–0.934; p = 0.0001), for every 1 mmol/L elevation in serum potassium in the normal range. But analysis of subpopulation reveals that when elevated serum potassium was associated with low adjusted ORs for predicting dysglycaemia (OR = 0.904 with a 95% CI of 0.849–0.963; p = 0.002), the opposite effect was demonstrated over the age of 41 years (OR = 1.113 with a 95% CI of 1.048–1.104; p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study demonstrates age-related association between serum potassium and the risk of dysglycaemia.
Coaching Scales
Authors: Hagen Marcia S. , Peterson Shari L. 
Published: January 2014

The Problem Given the relevance of scales for selecting managers, Peterson and Little called for an examination of scales used to measure coaching. However, there are few options from which to select validated scales used to measure coaching. Consequently, there appears to be a knowledge gap—little is known about the coaching scales that are available and how they have been validated and tested. The Solution A proposed solution to the issue is to (a) present a comprehensive review of the literature, identifying coaching scales; (b) analyze those scales, providing information on scale item development, reliability, and validation of available scales; and (c) compare and clarify the efficacy of those scales. The Stakeholders This literature review will benefit academic scholars, practitioners, and scholar-practitioners by supporting and encouraging their research. Identification and clarification of the existing scales, their focus, and validation processes can bridge the research/theory–practice gap.
Predicting female ureteral length: a mathematical model
Authors: Bozzini Giorgio , Casellato Stefano , Viganò Alberto , Maruccia Serena , Picozzi Stefano , Carmignani Luca 
Published: January 2014

Aim: Ureteral double J stent placement is a common urological procedure. A stent placement is performed for multiple conditions but some of them are contraindicated, mainly in pregnant female patients, because of X-rays. This work aims to suggest a mathematical model to predict female ureteral length by finding a link among different physical data. Materials and methods: Between June 2007 and July 2009, 100 female patients who had undergone ureteral stent placement were enrolled in the present study with the exception of those with septic conditions, history or evidence of TCC, congenital and acquired kidney or ureteral malformations, and previous ureteral surgery. The physical data of each patient were collected (mean age 55.8 years, range 18–89 SD 15.27, mean height 173 cm, range 160–182 SD 6.31, mean weight 75.33 kg, range 62–94 SD 8.81). A previous ureteral retrograde pyelography was performed during the procedure to individualise the pyeloureteral junction. Ureteral length was estimated through a graduated ureteral catheter with a final result between 24 and 27 cm. The length was read in cystoscopy examining the ureteral orifice while the catheter tip reached the pyeloureteral junction. The collected data were then analysed. Results: A link between the female patients’ ureteral length and height was observed. The following mathematical model can predict female ureteral length starting from the patient’s height: Result: y = 0.151712487 (height expressed in cm) ± 0.12; correlation coefficient: r = 0,973, residual sum of squares: rss = 5.285. No link was found between ureteral length and patients’ age and weight. Conclusions: A good estimation of the length of the ureter to be cannulated enables us to choose in advance the proper one to use. Female patient height correlates with ureteral length. A cost reduction can also be obtained, avoiding an intra-operative X-ray control. An X-ray-free ureteral stenting procedure can be described simply through an ultrasound control mainly in pregnant women. Further studies are needed to obtain a similar mathematical model for male patients.
How I treat isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT)
Authors: Palareti Gualtiero 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Thromboses limited to infrapopliteal leg deep veins (isolated distal deep vein thrombosis [IDDVT]) are frequently diagnosed in subjects with suspected pulmonary embolism or DVT and account for one-fourth to one-half of all diagnosed leg DVTs. Despite their frequency, the natural history of IDDVTs and their real risk of thromboembolic complications are still uncertain because of the scarcity of prospective, blind, nonintervention studies. Therefore it is still debated whether they warrant diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis is based on ultrasonographic examination, which is more operator dependent and less sensitive in distal than in proximal veins. The available data seem to support the view that most IDDVTs are self-limiting and inconsequential for patients, though in some cases they can be associated with complications and warrant diagnosis and treatment. The available guidelines for treatment of IDDVTs give different indications ranging from serial imaging of the deep veins for 2 weeks to detect and treat only in case of proximal extension, to giving oral anticoagulation in all IDDVT patients for 3 months. I review this issue, focusing on possible and suggested treatments in symptomatic IDDVT patients, and describe our current therapeutic approach to these patients.
Targeting CXCR4 with CTCE-9908 inhibits prostate tumor metastasis
Authors: Wong Donald , Kandagatla Pridvi , Korz Walter , Chinni Sreenivasa R 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Background
CXCL12/CXCR4 transactivation of epidermal growth factor family receptors in lipid raft membrane microdomains on cell surface is thought to mediate tumor growth and subsequent development of metastatic disease. CTCE-9908 is a known inhibitor of CXCR4. Herein, we tested the efficacy of CTCE-9908 in inhibiting prostate cancer cell growth, invasion, and metastasis.

Methods
We used a panel of in vitro assays utilizing human prostate cancer cell lines and an in vivo orthotopic prostate cancer model to assess the anti-tumoral activity of CTCE-9908.

Results
We demonstrated that (a) CTCE-9908 treatment resulted in no significant change in the growth of PC-3 and C4-2B cells; (b) 50 μg/ml of CTCE-9908 inhibited the invasive properties of PC-3 cells; (c) 25 mg/kg of CTCE-9908 did not alter primary tumor growth but it did significantly reduce total tumor burden in the animal including the growth of prostate and soft tissue metastases to lymph node and distant organ tissues. Histological analysis showed that CTCE-9908 treatment resulted in tumor necrosis in primary prostate tumors and no significant change in proliferation of tumor cells as measured by Ki-67 staining; (d) CTCE-9908 inhibited the tumor angiogenesis as measured by CD34 positive vessels in tumors.

Conclusions
These data suggest that CXCR4 inhibition by CTCE-9908 decreases the invasion potential in vitro, which then translated to a reduction of tumor spread with associated reduction in angiogenesis. Hence, CTCE-9908 may prove to be an efficacious novel agent to prevent and treat the spread of metastatic prostate cancer.
Treatment of hemopericardium caused by mitral balloon valvuloplasty with activated factor VII: a case report
Authors: Steele Jeremy , Mamkin Igor , Worku Berhane , Gulkarov Iosif 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Introduction
The use of mitral balloon valvuloplasty as a percutaneous intervention for mitral stenosis has been shown to be efficacious. Cardiac tamponade is a rare but serious complication of this procedure. Despite the low incidence of this event, cardiac tamponade is well-reported in the literature. The management strategy of this complication involves pericardial drainage and correction of coagulopathy, followed by surgical exploration if these interventions fail. With this case report, we demonstrate the successful application of activated factor VII in the management of bleeding after balloon valvuloplasty that persisted despite the standard treatments described above.

Case presentation
Our patient was a 31-year-old Yemenite man with no significant past medical history, who presented with progressively worsening dyspnea on exertion and limited functional capacity over the last few years. A transesophageal echocardiogram revealed severe mitral stenosis, which was treated with a mitral valve valvuloplasty. The procedure was complicated by significant mediastinal bleeding that did not respond to routine maneuvers, which included pericardiocentesis and correction of coagulopathy. Our patient was evaluated for surgical intervention but responded to treatment with activated factor VII.

Conclusion
Factor VII may be used in the treatment of refractory mediastinal bleeding secondary to mitral valvuloplasty prior to attempting surgical repair, and therefore may spare the patient the morbidity associated with surgery.