bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated manufacturing strategy for deployment of CADCAM methodology in a SMME
Authors: Esan Adedeji O. , Khan Mohammed K. , Qi Hong S. , Naylor Craig 
Published: January 2013

PurposeCost reduction through the use of technology has become the competitive strength of companies. The benefits of technology integration are quite credible and have been effective in business competition. The purpose of this paper is to describe an integrated manufacturing strategy for the deployment of a CAD/CAM system in a small, medium manufacturing enterprise (SMME).Design/methodology/approachA case study of a SMME is utilised in deploying an integrated CAD/CAM system for practical application of manufacturing technology for achieving sustainable growth through lean systems design (LSD). The paper presents a techno‐economic and technology change management framework, with an application of a holistic set of lean deployment tools that include establishing a strategic and operational plan for implementing CAD/CAM systems as a means to achieving world‐class performance.FindingsThe paper shows that the CAD/CAM integration within the case company increased knowledge of CAD/CAM technology, productivity, and flexibility whilst reducing throughput times. Based on the literature review and the current case study, a framework for ideal CAD/CAM implementation has been proposed. The paper also shows that management and organisational structures are key inhibitors for successful implementation of technology integration.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper uses a single case study to validate deployment of the integrated manufacturing strategy in SMMEs. Hence there is a limitation to its generality.Practical implicationsThe paper provides an opportunity to further understand CAD/CAM system implementation protocols within a well structured framework and its configuration within SMMEs.Social implicationsThe CAD/CAM implementation framework will allow the SMMEs to achieve Lean manufacturing (thereby minimising wastes) leading to improved growth and employment rates.Originality/valueThe presentation of conceptualisation, development and implementation of an integrated CAD/CAM system in support of organisational wide Lean manufacturing initiative in SMMEs is an originality of this paper.
Image, place and nostalgia in hospitality branding and marketing
Authors: Hunt Louise , Johns Nick 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of nostalgia, especially nostalgia associated with place, and its potential in the development of branding and advertising images for the hospitality industry.Design/methodology/approachThe paper achieves its aims by reviewing the relevant literature and illustrating the extant theory with the results of a small pilot study.FindingsNostalgia is an effective tool for developing brand and advertising images for the hospitality industry. It is relevant especially to place and place‐related aspects such as terroir and it communicates with consumers of all ages. As well as evoking a direct response, nostalgic images also bring to mind many related sounds, odours and objects, which may also be linked with expectation. However, nostalgic images must be chosen with care, since some individuals may be negatively affected by them.Practical implicationsHospitality organizations can make greater use of their links with place, culture and food by incorporating nostalgic imagery in their branding and advertising. The effects of nostalgia are felt by more age groups than is generally recognized.Original/valueThere has been little, if any, attention to nostalgia as a marketing tool in the hospitality industry. This article, which addresses this shortfall, will appeal to hospitality managers and entrepreneurs who seek to improve the effectiveness of their branding and advertising.
The effects of different types of trust on consumer perceptions of food safety
Authors: Chen Weiping 
Published: January 2013

PurposeThe aim of this research is to empirically investigate how different types of trust relate to consumer perceptions of food safety.Design/methodology/approachAfter a review of trust literature this study classifies trust into three distinct types: supplier‐level specific trust, industry‐level specific trust and general trust. The direct and indirect relationships between three types of trust and consumer perceptions of food safety were studied through a survey of 1165 consumers from Beijing municipality, China using structural equation model as an analytical tool.FindingsThe results indicate that trust in manufacturers and trust in retailers are directly positively related to food safety perceptions. Trust in farmers is not directly related to food safety perceptions. Industry‐level specific trust is not related to food safety perceptions directly, but it is positively related to supplier‐level specific trust, which in turn is positively related to food safety perceptions. Finally, general trust has only a weak indirect positive effect through its effect on trust in food manufacturers.Practical implicationsThe results imply that consumer perceived safety of food products might be enhanced by improving consumer trust in manufacturers and trust in retailers. The results also suggest that food suppliers are more difficult to build consumer trust when industry‐level specific trust is low and declining. In addition, food suppliers also get potential benefits through influencing and improving industry‐level specific trust. At last, the results suggest that some concerns about food safety are related to individuals' world reviews and maybe beyond the control of the food system.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate the relationship between different types of specific trust in the context of food safety. Accordingly, it complements existing trust models and helps predict and explain how trust relates to food safety perceptions directly and indirectly through interactions between different types of trust.
Transgenerational effects of prenatal exposure to the 1944–45 Dutch famine
Authors: Veenendaal MVE , Painter RC , de Rooij SR , Bossuyt PMM , van der Post JAM , Gluckman PD , Hanson MA , Roseboom TJ 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveWe previously showed that maternal under‐nutrition during gestation is associated with increased metabolic and cardiovascular disease in the offspring. Also, we found increased neonatal adiposity among the grandchildren of women who had been undernourished during pregnancy. In the present study we investigated whether these transgenerational effects have led to altered body composition and poorer health in adulthood in the grandchildren.DesignHistorical cohort study.SettingWeb‐based questionnaire.PopulationThe adult offspring (F2) of a cohort of men and women (F1) born around the time of the 1944–45 Dutch famine.MethodsWe approached the F2 adults through their parents. Participating F2 adults (n = 360, mean age 37 years) completed an online questionnaire.Main outcome measuresWeight, body mass index (BMI), and health in F2 adults, according to F1 prenatal famine exposure.ResultsAdult offspring (F2) of prenatally exposed F1 fathers had higher weights and BMIs than offspring of prenatally unexposed F1 fathers (+4.9 kg, P = 0.03; +1.6 kg/m², P = 0.006). No such effect was found for the F2 offspring of prenatally exposed F1 mothers. We observed no differences in adult health between the F2 generation groups.ConclusionsOffspring of prenatally undernourished fathers, but not mothers, were heavier and more obese than offspring of fathers and mothers who had not been undernourished prenatally. We found no evidence of transgenerational effects of grandmaternal under‐nutrition during gestation on the health of this relatively young group, but the increased adiposity in the offspring of prenatally undernourished fathers may lead to increased chronic disease rates in the future.
BRIC Agricultural Policies Through a WTO Lens
Authors: Brink Lars , Orden David , Datz Giselle 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis article examines the agricultural policies of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) through the prism of the disciplines on agricultural domestic support in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Although the BRIC are often grouped collectively as an emerging force in the world economy, divergent agricultural interests are reflected in different approaches towards agricultural policy both through international dispute settlement and notification of their own support. We examine the support notified to the WTO for verification of compliance with their legal commitments, which under the complex WTO rules often differs significantly from measurement of support in economic terms. We note the resulting difficulties of these disciplines in establishing limits on trade‐distorting support. Implications of a Doha agreement are examined. Although the prospect of adoption of new Doha disciplines has become remote, the negotiated provisions are informative about the future policy space the BRIC sought to maintain. Russia’s domestic support commitments under its 2012 WTO accession extend the international disciplines but share the complexity of the other cases.
Replication of Established Common Genetic Variants for Adult BMI and Childhood Obesity in Greek Adolescents: The TEENAGE Study
Authors: Ntalla Ioanna , Panoutsopoulou Kalliope , Vlachou Panagiota , Southam Lorraine , William Rayner Nigel , Zeggini Eleftheria , Dedoussis George V. 
Published: January 2013

SummaryMultiple genetic loci have been associated with body mass index (BMI) and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of established adult BMI and childhood obesity loci in a Greek adolescent cohort. For this purpose, 34 variants were selected for investigation in 707 (55.9% females) adolescents of Greek origin aged 13.42 ± 0.88 years. Cumulative effects of variants were assessed by calculating a genetic risk score (GRS‐34) for each subject. Variants at the FTO, TMEM18, FAIM2, RBJ, ZNF608 and QPCTL loci yielded nominal evidence for association with BMI and/or overweight risk (p < 0.05). Variants at TFAP2B and NEGR1 loci showed nominal association (p < 0.05) with BMI and/or overweight risk in males and females respectively. Even though we did not detect any genome‐wide significant associations, 27 out of 34 variants yielded directionally consistent effects with those reported by large‐scale meta‐analyses (binomial sign p = 0.0008). The GRS‐34 was associated with both BMI (beta = 0.17 kg/m2/allele; p < 0.001) and overweight risk (OR = 1.09/allele; 95% CI: 1.04–1.16; p = 0.001). In conclusion, we replicate associations of established BMI and childhood obesity variants in a Greek adolescent cohort and confirm directionally consistent effects for most of them.
The impact of child sexual abuse on the course of bipolar disorder: a systematic review
Authors: Maniglio Roberto 
Published: January 2013

Maniglio R. The impact of child sexual abuse on the course of bipolar disorder: a systematic review.  Bipolar Disord 2013: 15: 341–358. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Objectives:  The aim of this review was to elucidate the impact of child sexual abuse on all clinical phenomena that occur after the onset of bipolar disorder, including associated clinical features that are not part of the diagnostic criteria for the disorder.Methods:  Five databases were searched and supplemented with a hand search of reference lists from retrieved papers. Study quality was assessed using a validated quality assessment tool. Blind assessments of study eligibility and quality were conducted by two independent researchers to reduce bias, minimize errors, and enhance the reliability of findings. Disagreements were resolved by consensus.Results:   Eighteen studies that included a total of 2996 adults and youths with bipolar disorder and met the minimum quality criteria necessary to ensure objectivity and not invalidate results were analyzed. Across studies, child sexual abuse was strongly (and perhaps directly) associated with posttraumatic stress disorder; whereas it was less strongly (and perhaps indirectly) related to suicide attempts, alcohol and/or drug abuse or dependence, psychotic symptoms, and an early age of illness onset. In regard to the association between child sexual abuse and other clinical variables concerning the course of bipolar disorder, evidence was scant or conflicting.Conclusions:  Child sexual abuse is associated (either directly or indirectly) with some clinical phenomena that represent a more severe form of bipolar disorder. Although such a traumatic experience may directly affect the development of posttraumatic stress disorder, the effects of early sexual abuse on later suicidal behavior, substance abuse, and psychotic symptoms may operate through the mediating influences of certain psychopathological or neurobiological variables.
Design and pharmacological characterization of VUF14480, a covalent partial agonist that interacts with cysteine 983.36 of the human histamine H4 receptor
Authors: Nijmeijer S , Engelhardt H , Schultes S , van de Stolpe A C , Lusink V , de Graaf C , Wijtmans M , Haaksma E E J , de Esch I J P , Stachurski K , Vischer H F , Leurs R 
Published: January 2013

Background and PurposeThe recently proposed binding mode of 2‐aminopyrimidines to the human (h) histamine H4 receptor suggests that the 2‐amino group of these ligands interacts with glutamic acid residue E1825.46 in the transmembrane (TM) helix 5 of this receptor. Interestingly, substituents at the 2‐position of this pyrimidine are also in close proximity to the cysteine residue C983.36 in TM3. We hypothesized that an ethenyl group at this position will form a covalent bond with C983.36 by functioning as a Michael acceptor. A covalent pyrimidine analogue will not only prove this proposed binding mode, but will also provide a valuable tool for H4 receptor research.Experimental ApproachWe designed and synthesized VUF14480, and pharmacologically characterized this compound in hH4 receptor radioligand binding, G protein activation and β‐arrestin2 recruitment experiments. The ability of VUF14480 to act as a covalent binder was assessed both chemically and pharmacologically.Key ResultsVUF14480 was shown to be a partial agonist of hH4 receptor‐mediated G protein signalling and β‐arrestin2 recruitment. VUF14480 bound covalently to the hH4 receptor with submicromolar affinity. Serine substitution of C983.36 prevented this covalent interaction.Conclusion and ImplicationsVUF14480 is thought to bind covalently to the hH4 receptor‐C983.36 residue and partially induce hH4 receptor‐mediated G protein activation and β‐arrestin2 recruitment. Moreover, these observations confirm our previously proposed binding mode of 2‐aminopyrimidines. VUF14480 will be a useful tool to stabilize the receptor into an active confirmation and further investigate the structure of the active hH4 receptor.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed issue on Histamine Pharmacology Update. To view the other articles in this issue visit http://dx.doi.org/
10.1111/bph.2013.170.issue‐1
Effect of an Increase in Left Ventricular Pressure Overload on Left Atrial‐Left Ventricular Coupling in Patients with Hypertension: A Two‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Miyoshi Hirokazu , Oishi Yoshifumi , Mizuguchi Yukio , Iuchi Arata , Nagase Norio , Ara Nusrat , Oki Takashi 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundTwo‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) has recently been applied to evaluate left atrial (LA) function in addition to left ventricular (LV) function. However, whether 2DSTE can provide insight into LA‐LV interaction related to an increase in LV pressure overload remains unknown.MethodsOne hundred five asymptomatic patients with hypertension were studied by conventional, pulsed and tissue Doppler, and 2DSTE. Hypertensive patients were classified into 2 groups according to the ratio of early diastolic to atrial systolic velocity (E/A) of transmitral flow: E/A ≥ 1 (n = 37) and E/A < 1 (n = 68). We used (E/peak early diastolic mitral annular motion velocity [e′])/peak systolic LA strain (S‐LAs) and E/e′, as parameters of LA stiffness during ventricular systole and LV diastolic stiffness, respectively.ResultsThe peak early diastolic LV longitudinal strain rate, and peak early diastolic LA strain and strain rate were lower in the E/A < 1 group than in the E/A ≥ 1 group. The E/e′/S‐LAs and E/e′ were greater in the E/A < 1 group. In the E/A < 1 group, systolic blood pressure (SBP) correlated with LV wall thickness parameters, A, e′, E/e′, peak early diastolic LV longitudinal strain rate, and E/e′/S‐LAs. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that A, E/e′, and E/e′/S‐LAs were defined as strong predictors related to SBP.ConclusionIn patients with hypertension, an elevation in SBP leads to increased LA stiffness during ventricular systole and LV diastolic stiffness, in association with continued and further advanced LV diastolic dysfunction. 2DSTE is considered a sensitive tool for detecting abnormal LA‐LV coupling related to an increased LV pressure overload.
A Novel Echocardiographic Method for the Detection of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Newly Diagnosed, Untreated Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Simsek Hakki , Sahin Musa , Gunes Yilmaz , Dogan Adnan , Gumrukcuoglu Hasan Ali , Tuncer Mustafa 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundDiabetes accelerates the natural process of atherosclerosis and is a predictor for progression of atherosclerotic lesions. To improve clinical outcomes, noninvasive imaging modalities have been proposed to measure and monitor atherosclerosis. Recently, it has been shown that the color M‐mode–derived propagation velocity of the descending thoracic aorta (aortic velocity propagation [AVP]) was associated with coronary and carotid atherosclerosis.MethodsCarotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and AVP were measured in 72 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 44 healthy people. Individuals who had previously used oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin treatment or had a history of hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease were excluded from this study.ResultsCompared with control group, patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly lower AVP (39.9 ± 6.5 vs. 58.4 ± 6.7 cm/sec, P < 0.001) and higher CIMT (1.1 ± 0.1 vs. 0.95 ± 0.12 mm, P < 0.001) measurements. There were significant correlations between AVP and CIMT (r = −0.835, P < 0.001), AVP and fasting plasma glucose (r = −0.796, P < 0.001)), AVP and HbA1 c (r = −0918 P < 0.001).ConclusionsDiabetes mellitus may be associated with subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by measurement of AVP and CIMT. These simple methods might improve patient selection for primary prevention atherosclerotic progression.
Differences in latency to first pharmacological treatment (duration of untreated illness) in anxiety disorders: a study on patients with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Dell'Osso Bernardo , Camuri Giulia , Benatti Beatrice , Buoli Massimiliano , Altamura A. Carlo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimThe latency to first pharmacological treatment (duration of untreated illness or ‘DUI’) is supposed to play a major role in terms of outcome in psychotic conditions. Interest in the field of affective disorders and, in particular, of duration of untreated anxiety, has been recently registered as well. However, a preliminary epidemiologic investigation of the phenomenon is necessary. The present study was aimed to investigate and compare age at onset, age at first pharmacological treatment and DUI in a sample of patients affected by different anxiety disorders. DUI was defined as the interval between the onset of the specific anxiety disorder and the administration of the first adequate pharmacological treatment in compliant subjects.MethodsStudy sample included 350 patients, of both sexes, with a DSM‐IV‐TR diagnosis of panic disorder (n = 138), generalized anxiety disorder (n = 127) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (n = 85).ResultsPanic disorder was associated with the shortest DUI (39.5 months), whereas obsessive–compulsive disorder was associated with the longest latency to treatment (94.5 months) (F = 13.333; P < 0.0001). Patients with generalized anxiety disorder showed a mean DUI of 81.6 months.ConclusionPresent results indicate that patients with different anxiety disorders may wait for years (from 3 up to 8) before receiving a first adequate pharmacological treatment. Differences in terms of age at onset, age at the first pharmacological treatment and, ultimately, in DUI in specific anxiety disorders may depend on multiple clinical and environmental factors. Latency to non‐pharmacological interventions (e.g. psychoeducation and different forms of psychotherapy) needs to be addressed and correlated with DUI in future studies.
Pilot programme of modular symptom‐specific group cognitive behaviour therapy in a ‘Real World’ early intervention in psychosis service
Authors: Raune David , Law Suzanne 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimA modular symptom‐specific (MSS) programme of early intervention group cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis might confer additional therapeutic benefits and clinical and financial efficiency, but the approach is empirically untested. Therefore, we devised a novel MSS programme to test – in a culturally diverse ‘Real World’ early intervention service – its relevancy, feasibility, acceptability and safety.MethodThe MSS programme comprised six different groups across 33 sessions: Psycho‐Education (3), Mood‐Management (5), Delusions (8), Auditory Hallucinations (8), Past Auditory Hallucinations (3) and Negative Symptoms (6). All patients were eligible for psycho‐education, but other groups required a specific symptom.ResultsPatients (n = 166, 37% White) showed wide heterogeneity in the activity, type and number of symptoms, and group‐relevant symptoms were common. Eighteen groups have run so far, each type of group at least once, 58/166 (35%) of patients attended across 281/412 (68%) group sessions, 46/58 (79%) of patients re‐attended, and the 58 patients attended groups a mean of 4.8 times. Patients were significantly (P < 0.05) more likely to attend the programme if they had a schizophrenia diagnosis, a longer psychotic illness length or one active group‐relevant (psychotic/mood) symptom. Diagnostically uncertain psychosis patients were almost significantly (P = 0.05) less likely to attend the programme. duration of untreated psychosis and ethnicity were unrelated to attendance/re‐attendance. No group‐related risk incidents occurred.ConclusionA MSS programme approach is highly relevant to early intervention symptom heterogeneity and is feasible, culturally acceptable and safe; it also appears particularly efficient. Future research should now test its clinical efficacy.