bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association between Chromaticity, Phenolics, Carotenoids, and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Frozen Fruit Pulp in Brazil: An Application of Chemometrics
Authors: Zielinski Acácio Antonio Ferreira , Ávila Suelen , Ito Vivian , Nogueira Alessandro , Wosiacki Gilvan , Haminiuk Charles Windson Isidoro 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA total of 19 Brazilian frozen pulps from the following fruits: açai (Euterpe oleracea), blackberry (Rubus sp.), cajá (Spondias mombin), cashew (Anacardium occidentale), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), coconut (Cocos nucifera), grape (Vitis sp.), graviola (Annona muricata), guava (Psidium guajava), papaya (Carica papaya), peach (Prunus persica), pineapple (Ananas comosus), pineapple and mint (A. comosus and Mentha spicata), red fruits (Rubus sp. and Fragaria sp.), seriguela (Spondias purpurea), strawberry (Fragaria sp.), tamarind (Tamarindus indica), umbu (Spondias tuberosa), and yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) were analyzed in terms of chromaticity, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and in vitro antioxidant activity using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Data were processed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Antioxidant capacity was measured by DPPH and FRAP assays, which showed significant (P < 0.01) correlation with total phenolic compounds (r = 0.88 and 0.70, respectively), total flavonoids (r = 0.63 and 0.81, respectively), and total monomeric anthocyanins (r = 0.59 and 0.73, respectively). PCA explained 74.82% of total variance of data, and the separation into 3 groups in a scatter plot was verified. Three clusters also suggested by HCA, corroborated with PCA, in which cluster 3 was formed by strawberry, red fruits, blackberry, açaí, and grape pulps. This cluster showed the highest contents of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity.
Lichen planopilaris after imiquimod 5% cream for multiple BCC in basal cell naevus syndrome
Authors: Drummond Alessandra , Pichler Janine , Argenziano Giuseppe , Zalaudek Iris , Longo Caterina , Lallas Aimilios , Piana Simonetta , Moscarella Elvira 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBasal cell naevus syndrome is an inherited autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterised by multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCC), skeletal, neurological and opthalmological abnormalities. The treatment of choice of the often multiple and large BCC consists of a combined approach including surgery, liquid nitrogen and other topical treatment modalities. Imiquimod 5% cream is an immune–response‐modifying drug with antiviral and anti‐tumour activity. Recent reports have associated the immune‐stimulant properties of imiquimod with the exacerbation of several autoimmune skin diseases, such as eczema, psoriasis, vitiligo and lichenoid dermatitis. Here we report a patient with basal cell naevus syndrome who developed a lichen planopilaris on the same site of the scalp, which had been previously treated with two cycles of imiquimod for multiple BCC.
Dermatological reactions to ophthalmic preparations: More than meets the eye
Authors: Byrom Lisa , Zappala Tania , Muir Jim 
Published: February 2014

AbstractOphthalmic preparations are commonly used medications that have been implicated in causing a variety of dermatological reactions. These reactions include toxic epidermal necrolysis, anaphylaxis, fixed drug eruption, lichenoid drug reaction and local and systemic contact dermatitis. This article reviews the dermatological and systemic reactions associated with ophthalmic preparation use and highlights the need for a thorough medication history to be done for all patients presenting with a suspected drug reaction.
Allergic rhinitis in preschool children from southern Brazil
Authors: Chong Neto H. J. , Rosário C. S. , Rosário B. A. , Chong F. H. , Grasselli E. A. , Silva F. C. , Bojarski L. F. M. , Rosário N. A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThere are few published studies on prevalence of allergic rhinitis in preschool children. The aims of this study were to verify the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms in the first year of life adding supplementary questions to the EISL instrument. A cross‐sectional study used Phase III EISL written questionnaire in addition to modified allergic rhinitis ISAAC questions. One thousand and three parents of infants answered the questionnaire: 484 (48.3%) had at least one sneezing, or a runny or blocked nose episodes without cold or flu in the first year of life. A quarter of infants had recurrent wheezing (≥3 episodes) and more frequent in the presence of AR symptoms. Physician diagnosis of AR and the use of intranasal steroids and both antihistamines and intranasal steroids were more common among those infants with AR symptoms. The prevalence of AR symptoms was high and starting early in life.
Development of a Hemodynamically Optimized Outflow Cannula for Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Kaufmann Tim A.S. , Schlanstein Peter , Moritz Anton , Steinseifer Ulrich 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe jet of the outflow cannula is a potential risk for patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), because increased jet velocities lead to altered flow conditions and might furthermore mobilize atherosclerotic plaques from calcified aortas. The cannula jet is therefore among the main reasons for cerebral hypoxia and stroke in CPB patients. In the past, we developed a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to analyze flow conditions during CPB as dependent on cannulation and support modalities. This model is now applied to develop a novel CPB outflow cannula to reduce the jet effect and increase cerebral blood flow. The Multi‐Module Cannula (MMC) is based on a generic elbow cannula that was iteratively improved. It features an inner wall to smoothly guide the blood as well as an elliptically shaped outlet diffuser. During standard CPB conditions of 5 L/min, the pressure drop over the MMC is 61 mm Hg, compared with 68 mm Hg with a standard cannula. The maximum velocities are decreased from 3.7 m/s to 3.3 m/s. In the cannula jet of the MMC, the velocities are reduced further, down to 1.6 m/s. The cerebral blood flow is typically reduced during CPB. Using the MMC, however, it reaches almost physiological values at 715 mL/min. These results suggest that the MMC outperforms standard CPB cannulas. Further design improvements and improved insertion techniques are under consideration.
Fatigue is highly associated with poor health‐related quality of life, disability and depression in newly‐diagnosed patients with inflammatory bowel disease, independent of disease activity
Authors: Cohen B. L. , Zoëga H. , Shah S. A. , LeLeiko N. , Lidofsky S. , Bright R. , Flowers N. , Law M. , Moniz H. , Merrick M. , Sands B. E. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryBackgroundFatigue is common in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Data on fatigue in newly diagnosed patients are unavailable.AimTo report prevalence of fatigue in newly diagnosed CD and UC patients and examine its association with health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), depression and disability.MethodsThe Ocean State Crohn's and Colitis Area Registry (OSCCAR) is a statewide cohort of newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease patients in Rhode Island. Fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Fatigue Scale. Patients were administered instruments measuring HRQOL, overall disability and work impairment, and depression.ResultsFatigue was prevalent in 26.4% of 220 subjects. Cohen's d effect sizes for fatigue were large: Short‐Form 36 Health Survey mental health component (CD 1.5, UC 1.4) and physical health component (CD 1.4, UC 1.4), EuroQol‐5D valuation of current health state (CD 1.2, UC 1.0), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (CD 1.9, UC 1.6) and Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (CD 1.8, UC 1.7). Fatigued patients reported more work impairment (Score difference: CD 29.5%, UC 23.8%) and activity impairment (score difference: CD 32.3%, UC 25.7%) on the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire. Fatigue's association with all scores remained highly significant despite controlling for disease activity.ConclusionsFatigue is strongly associated with poor HRQOL, disability and depression similarly in CD and UC even when controlling for disease activity. Fatigue's association with a wide range of patient‐reported outcome measures suggests that monitoring fatigue is a simple way to screen for overall disruption in patient life.
Early Loading of Fluoridated Implants Placed in Fresh Extraction Sockets and Healed Bone: A 3‐ to 5‐Year Clinical and Radiographic Follow‐Up Study of 39 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Oxby Gert , Oxby Fredrik , Oxby Johan , Saltvik Tomas , Nilsson Peter 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundImmediate placement of implants in extraction sockets for early loading is an attractive treatment modality due to reduced treatment time. However, the outcome of fluoridated implants in this situation with regard to bone levels and health of soft tissues is not well documented.PurposeTo evaluate the outcome of early loading of OsseoSpeed™ dental implants placed into fresh extraction sockets and healed bone in consecutive patients treated in a private clinic.Materials and MethodsA total of 182 OsseoSpeed™ implants (Astra Tech Implant System, DENTSPLY Implants, Mölndal, Sweden), 72 in immediate extraction sockets and 110 in healed sites, were placed in 39 consecutive patients. The implants were loaded with permanent restorations within 60 days (average 31 days). Clinical and radiographic follow‐up examinations were performed annually for at least 3 years (mean 55 months). An aesthetic index was used to evaluate the soft tissues adjacent to the prosthetic restorations.ResultsNo implant was lost during the observation period, giving a survival rate of 100%. Bone level changes during the observation period were minimal, with a mean marginal bone loss of 0.3 ± 0.9 mm around the delayed implants and a mean marginal bone gain of 0.3 ± 1.4 mm around the immediate implants (p = .0036). The frequency distribution of bone level revealed that 85% of implants placed in fresh extraction sockets and 84% of implants in healed bone did not show any loss of bone level during follow‐up (p = NS). Soft tissue complications were observed at two immediate implant sites in one patient. The remaining 180 implants received the highest aesthetic score. Moreover, no signs of peri‐implant purulent infection or aggressive bone loss were found during the follow‐up period.ConclusionEarly loading of fluoridated implants with permanent constructions appears to be a viable therapy for implants placed immediately in extraction sites and in healed bone.
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the bypassed stomach after obesity surgery
Authors: Courtney M. J , Chattopadhyay D. , Rao M. , Light D. , Gopinath B. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryLaparoscopic Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass is the most commonly performed surgical procedure for obesity and, consequently, post‐operative patients are increasingly encountered by all specialties. This is a case of a patient presenting with abdominal pain, nausea and fever 9 months following gastric bypass surgery caused by diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the bypassed stomach. It demonstrates well that symptoms that may normally be considered ‘red‐flags’ may not be as obvious or specific following an operation. The case also indicates the importance of considering diagnoses unrelated to surgery presenting in the post‐operative period (especially when conventional investigation methods are not feasible), and the potential danger of assuming they are due to the operation alone; had this occurred in this patient then a malignancy may have been missed. This is only the second reported case of DLBCL in the bypassed stomach, and the third for lymphoma of any type.
Responses of Seed‐Dispersing Birds to Amount of Rainforest in the Landscape around Fragments
Authors: MORAN CATH , CATTERALL CARLA P. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHabitat loss and fragmentation alter the composition of bird assemblages in rainforest. Because birds are major seed dispersers in rainforests, fragmentation‐induced changes to frugivorous bird assemblages are also likely to alter the ecological processes of seed dispersal and forest regeneration, but the specific nature of these changes is poorly understood. We assessed the influence of fragment size and landscape forest cover on the abundance, species composition, and functional properties of the avian seed disperser community in an extensively cleared, former rainforest landscape of subtropical Australia. Bird surveys of fixed time and area in 25 rainforest fragments (1–139 ha in size across a 1800 km2 region) provided bird assemblage data which were coupled with prior knowledge of bird species’ particular roles in seed dispersal to give measurements of seven different attributes of the seed disperser assemblage. We used multimodel regression to assess how patch size and surrounding forest cover (within 200 m, 1000 m, and 5000 m radii) influenced variation in the abundance of individual bird species and of functional groups based on bird species’ responses to fragmentation and their roles in seed dispersal. Surrounding forest cover, specifically rainforest cover, generally had a greater effect on frugivorous bird assemblages than fragment size. Amount of rainforest cover within 200 m of fragments was the main factor positively associated with abundances of frugivorous birds that are both fragmentation sensitive and important seed dispersers. Our results suggest a high proportion of local rainforest cover is required for the persistence of seed‐dispersing birds and the maintenance of seed dispersal processes. Thus, even small rainforest fragments can function as important parts of habitat networks for seed‐dispersing birds, whether or not they are physically connected by vegetation.Respuestas de Aves Dispersoras de Semillas al Incremento de Selvas en el Paisaje Alrededor de Fragmentos
Serum immunoglobulin levels at diagnosis have no prognostic significance in stage A chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a study of 1113 cases from the Israeli CLL Study Group
Authors: Shvidel Lev , Tadmor Tamar , Braester Andrei , Bairey Osnat , Rahimi‐Levene Naomi , Herishanu Yair , Klepfish Abraham , Ruchlemer Rosa , Berrebi Alain , Polliack Aaron ,   Israeli CLL Study Group
Published: February 2014

AbstractObjectivesHypogammaglobulinemia, commonly encountered in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality; however, its prognostic significance in patients diagnosed in early stages of disease remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive power of hypogammaglobulinemia at Bonet stage A.MethodsUsing the database of the Israeli CLL Study Group, we analyzed the relationship between low serum levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM; the presence of paraproteinemia, as well as other well‐recognized prognostic markers in CLL; and time to first treatment (TTT) and overall survival. A total of 1113 patients consecutively diagnosed during the last 25 yrs with Binet stage A CLL were evaluated, and baseline information on serum immunoglobulin levels was found in 857 of the cases.ResultsOverall survival times correlated with age >65 yr, male gender, the presence of lymphadenopathy, high serum beta 2‐microglobulin (b2m), CD38 and ZAP‐70 expression, but not with low levels of immunoglobulin or the presence of paraproteinemia. By univariate analysis, patients with low IgA levels had a shorter TTT; however, on multivariate analysis, the presence of lymphadenopathy (P 0.02), b2m (P 0.04), CD38 (P < 0.001), and ZAP‐70 (P < 0.001) was the only laboratory parameters with prognostic significance.ConclusionsIn our cohort of patients with early‐stage CLL, baseline hypogammaglobulinemia and the presence of paraproteinemia were not found to correlate with prognosis.
Long‐distance gene flow outweighs a century of local selection and prevents local adaptation in the Irish famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans
Authors: Glais Isabelle , Montarry Josselin , Corbière Roselyne , Pasco Claudine , Marquer Bruno , Magalon Hélène , Andrivon Didier 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSustainably managing plant resistance to epidemic pathogens implies controlling the genetic and demographic changes in pathogen populations faced with resistant hosts. Resistance management thus depends upon the dynamics of local adaptation, mainly driven by the balance between selection and gene flow. This dynamics is best investigated with populations from locally dominant hosts in islands with long histories of local selection. We used the unique case of the potato late blight pathosystem on Jersey, where a monoculture of potato cultivar ‘Jersey Royal’ has been in place for over a century. We also sampled populations from the coasts of Brittany and Normandy, as likely sources for gene flow. The isolation by distance pattern and the absence of genetic differentiation between Jersey and the closest French sites revealed gene flow at that spatial scale. Microsatellite allele frequencies revealed no evidence of recombination in the populations, but admixture of two genotypic clusters. No local adaptation in Jersey was detected from pathogenicity tests on Jersey Royal and on French cultivars. These data suggest that long‐distance gene flow (~ 50/100 km) prevents local adaptation in Jersey despite a century of local selection by a single host cultivar and emphasize the need for regional rather than local management of resistance gene deployment.
Recovery of insulin sensitivity in mature horses after a 3 week course of dexamethasone therapy
Authors: Brennan K. M. , Urschel K. L. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryReasons for performing the studyDexamethasone is an anti‐inflammatory drug commonly used in equine medicine. Insulin sensitivity decreases with prolonged dexamethasone administration, but little information is available about the duration of this side effect after long‐term treatment ends.ObjectivesTo determine how long it takes for blood glucose, insulin and markers of insulin sensitivity to return to normal ranges after extended dexamethasone treatment has ceased.Study designExperimental study.MethodsEight healthy, mature, mixed‐breed horses received 0.04 mg/kg bwt/day oral dexamethasone for 21 days. Blood samples were taken weekly during dexamethasone treatment (Days ‐21, ‐14 and ‐7). Following the final dose of dexamethasone on Day 0, blood samples were taken on Days 1–6, 8, 10, 12, 15 and 22. Day ‐21 represents baseline or normal blood predexamethasone.ResultsOn Day 1, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and the modified insulin‐to‐glucose ratio (a proxy for pancreatic β cell responsiveness) were higher and the reciprocal of the square root of insulin (a proxy for the estimate of insulin sensitivity) was lower, in comparison with Day ‐21 values. Blood glucose concentrations dropped and returned to Day ‐21 values by Day 2. Insulin concentrations remained elevated until Day 3. Values for the modified insulin‐to‐glucose ratio decreased and returned to Day ‐21 concentrations by Day 4. Values for the reciprocal of the square root of insulin did not return to Day ‐21 values until Day 15.ConclusionsThese results indicate that, in contrast to blood glucose concentrations, which return to normal quickly (within 2 days after treatment ends), the pancreatic insulin‐secreting response has a delayed recovery.
Glutathione‐conjugated sulfanylalkanols are substrates for ABCC11 and γ‐glutamyl transferase 1: a potential new pathway for the formation of odorant precursors in the apocrine sweat gland
Authors: Baumann Tim , Bergmann Sophia , Schmidt‐Rose Thomas , Max Heiner , Martin Annette , Enthaler Bernd , Terstegen Lara , Schweiger Dorothea , Kalbacher Hubert , Wenck Horst , Jedlitschky Gabriele , Jovanovic Zorica 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe have previously shown that precursors of odorous components characteristic of axillary sweat are hardly detectable or undetectable in individuals carrying the 538G > A SNP in the ABCC11 transporter gene. However, it is unclear, whether ABCC11 is directly involved in the transport of these compounds. To approach this question, transport of peptide‐conjugated potential precursors of 3‐methyl‐3‐sulfanylhexanol (3M3SH), a key determinant of axillary malodour, was measured using membrane vesicles of Sf9 insect cells overexpressing human ABCC11. Whilst no ABCC11‐mediated transport was detected for the dipeptide precursor Cys‐Gly‐3M3SH, the glutathione conjugate of 3M3SH (SG‐3M3SH) was robustly taken up by ABCC11 at a transport rate of 0.47 pmol/mg/min. Collectively, these results illuminate SG‐3M3SH as a putative precursor of 3M3SH, which then may undergo intra‐vesicular maturation to generate Cys‐Gly‐3M3SH. Critically, the apocrine sweat gland was demonstrated to express γ‐glutamyl transferase 1 (GGT1) protein, which is known to catalyse the deglutamylation of glutathionyl conjugates. Additionally, we provide evidence that recombinant and isolated hepatic human GGT1 is capable of transforming SG‐3M3SH to Cys‐Gly‐3M3SH in vitro. To sum up, we demonstrate that the functionality of ABCC11 is likely to play an important role in the generation of axillary malodour. Furthermore, we identify GGT1 as a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of Cys‐Gly‐3M3SH.
The mouth care item of the MOBID pain scale: secondary analyses of unique video uptakes by dental professionals
Authors: Toxopeus Anne H. , Husebo Bettina S. , Strand Liv Inger , Delwel Suzanne , van Wijk Arjen J. , Scherder Erik J.A. , Lobbezoo Frank 
Published: February 2014

PurposeThe Mobilization‐Observation‐Behaviour‐Intensity‐Dementia (MOBID) Pain Scale has been developed for the assessment of pain in elderly individuals with severe dementia. From the initial draft of the MOBID, the teeth/mouth care item was removed due to its low correlation with the total score. However, the observation of this item was done by non‐dental professionals only. The aim was to revisit the unique teeth/mouth care video uptake fragments with a group of experienced elderly care dentists, as to establish the reliability of this item.Material and methodsUsing the Orofacial MOBID Pain Scale, 11 fragments were assessed by 12 specialists during two sessions with a 4‐week interval. The specialists scored whether or not they observed orofacial pain/discomfort‐related behaviours (pain noises, facial expressions and/or defence) and/or dementia‐related behaviours (anxiety, aggression and/or confusion). The threshold for agreement in scoring was arbitrarily set at 66.6%. As a next step, reliability was quantified using Cohen's kappa.ResultsFor only two video fragments, substantial agreement was obtained during both sessions, while for three fragments, the agreement was substantial during one session only. In addition, only three observers were able to provide consistent scores. For two of those, the various kappa values could be qualified as moderate to good. Notably, all consistent scores pertained to dementia‐related behaviours; not to orofacial pain/disability‐related behaviours.ConclusionTeeth/mouth care, as displayed on video uptakes, cannot be interpreted reliably by experienced elderly care dentists in terms of orofacial pain/discomfort‐related behaviour or dementia‐related behaviour with the Orofacial MOBID Pain Scale.