bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric WNT medulloblastoma predisposition in intraoperative blood loss: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Zhang Zaiyu , Wu Yuxin , Zhao Xueling , Ji Wenyuan , Li Lusheng , Zhai Xuan , Liang Ping , Cheng Yuan , Zhou Jianjun 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionMolecular subgroups influence the vascular architecture within medulloblastomas, particularly the wingless (WNT) subgroup, which contributes to its propensity for primary tumor hemorrhage. Whether this mechanism affects intraoperative blood loss remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the association between WNT medulloblastoma and the predisposition for blood loss.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study using data from a neuro-oncology center comprising molecular data on patients treated between December 31, 2014, and April 30, 2023. Differences between WNT and other subgroups in the risk of primary outcome-intraoperative blood loss were assessed using multivariable-adjusted linear regression.ResultsOf the 148 patients included in the analysis, 18 patients (12.2%) had WNT, 42 (28.4%) had sonic hedgehog (SHH) TP53-wildtype, 7 (4.7%) had SHH TP53-mutant, and 81 (54.7%) were non-WNT/ non-SHH. The WNT subgroup more frequently underwent primary intratumoral hemorrhage (22% vs. 3.8%; p = 0.011). The median intraoperative blood loss was 400.00 (interquartile range [IQR] 250, 500) mL for WNT and 300.00 [200, 400] mL for the other subgroups (p = 0.136), with an adjusted β of 135.264 (95% confidence intervals [CI], 11.701–258.827; p = 0.032). Similar results were observed in both midline and noninfiltrative margin medulloblastoma.DiscussionWNT medulloblastoma is typically associated with primary intratumoral hemorrhage and intraoperative blood loss. The validity of determining the surgical approach based on predicted molecular subtypes from imaging data is questionable. However, attempting to engage in risk communication with patients in a molecular-specific way is worthwhile to validate.
Brain structure correlates of social information use: an exploratory machine learning approach
Authors: de Groot Esra Cemre Su , Hofmans Lieke , van den Bos Wouter 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIndividual differences in social learning impact many important decisions, from voting behavior to polarization. Prior research has found that there are consistent and stable individual differences in social information use. However, the underlying mechanisms of these individual differences are still poorly understood.MethodsWe used two complementary exploratory machine learning approaches to identify brain volumes related to individual differences in social information use.Results and discussionUsing lasso regression and random forest regression we were able to capture linear and non-linear brain-behavior relationships. Consistent with previous studies, our results suggest there is a robust positive relationship between the volume of the left pars triangularis and social information use. Moreover, our results largely overlap with common social brain network regions, such as the medial prefrontal cortex, superior temporal sulcus, temporal parietal junction, and anterior cingulate cortex. Besides, our analyses also revealed several novel regions related to individual differences in social information use, such as the postcentral gyrus, the left caudal middle frontal gyrus, the left pallidum, and the entorhinal cortex. Together, these results provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms that underly individual differences in social learning and provide important new leads for future research.
Salicylic acid improves cowpea productivity under water restriction in the field by modulating metabolism
Authors: Cavalcante Igor Eneas , de Melo Alberto Soares , Ferraz Rener Luciano de Souza , de Alencar Rayanne Silva , Dias Guilherme Felix , Viana Priscylla Marques de Oliveira , Rocha Maurisrael Moura , Ndhlala Ashwell Rungano , Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva , de Lacerda Claudivan Feitosa , Viégas Pedro Roberto Almeida 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionSalicylic acid has shown promise in alleviating water stress in cultivated plants. However, there is a lack of studies confirming its effectiveness in cowpea plants grown in field conditions. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the use of salicylic acid as a water stress mitigator in cowpea cultivars under different irrigation depths in field conditions.MethodsFour cowpea cultivars (BRS Novaera, BRS Tapaihum, BRS Pujante, and BRS Pajeú) were subjected to different treatments: control (W100: 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration – ETc), W50 (50% of ETc), W50+SA2 (50% of ETc + 276 mg L-1 of SA), and W50+SA4 (50% of ETc + 552 mg L-1 of SA). The treatments were combined in a 4×4 factorial scheme with three replications, arranged in a randomized block design.ResultsWater restriction had a negative impact on the water status, growth, gas exchange, and production of the cultivars while also leading to changes in the antioxidant metabolism and osmolyte concentration. The application of SA enhanced antioxidant activity and the synthesis of osmotic adjusters under stress conditions. The most effective concentration was 276 mg L-1 in stage R2 and 552 mg L-1 in stage V7, respectively. The BRS Pujante cultivar showed increased productivity under water restriction with SA application, while the BRS Tapaihum was the most tolerant among the cultivars studied.DiscussionIn summary, our findings underscore the importance of using SA to mitigate the effects of water restriction on cowpea cultivation. These discoveries are crucial for the sustainability of cowpea production in regions susceptible to drought, which can contribute to food security. We further add that the adoption of new agricultural practices can enhance the resilience and productivity of cowpea as an essential and sustainable food source for vulnerable populations in various parts of the world.
Current status and needs of in-service training for psychiatric nurses in 24 provinces of China: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Tan Xiaolin , Pan Minghao , Wan Zhiying , Yang Ying , Zhang Lijuan , Fang Yu , Li Xiaofen , Shen Meiyu 
Published: July 2024

AimTo investigate the current situation and need for post-competence training for psychiatric nurses in China and provide a reference for the development of training programs for psychiatric nurses.DesignA cross-sectional design.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from August to October 2023 with 435 psychiatric nurses from 34 hospitals in 24 provinces of mainland China. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, and chi-square tests were used for data analysis.ResultsThe training content for psychiatric nurses is extensive, and the training load is large. Psychiatric nurses have high training demands for first aid knowledge, emergency handling ability, and anti-riot skills. Nurses with different years of experience have different training needs. The training needs of psychiatric nurses in specialized and general hospitals also different.ConclusionThe training status of psychiatric nurses is not consistent with the demand. Managers should combine this with psychiatric nurses’ own work needs to develop practical and effective training programs.
Strategic and self-regulated instruction in synthesis tasks in the university context
Authors: Robledo P. , Álvarez M. L. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe aim of the study was to improve student skills in writing good-quality synthesis texts through a strategic, self-regulated instruction program aimed at ensuring that students properly activated reading and writing strategies required by the synthesis task.MethodsThe sample consisted of 84 university students who were randomly assigned to experimental or control conditions. The experimental group received an instructional program based on the development and self-regulated implementation of reading and writing strategies for producing synthesis texts. The control group received a program involving metacognitive knowledge of various academic text types. Both programs involved eight 60-min sessions, taught by teachers in a compulsory degree subject. For the evaluations, students produced synthesis texts from different source texts. The syntheses were graded considering text product measures: information selection, idea connection, text organization, and holistic quality; and measures of reading (underlining and note-taking) and writing (planning and review) strategies.ResultsThe results show that the experimental group exhibited greater improvements in synthesis quality and greater improvements in activation of information organization processes, note-taking while reading, and text planning.DiscussionIn conclusion, university students can, following implementation of a strategic instructional procedure in the context of a study plan, adapt and re-work their own reading and writing strategies and apply them in a self-regulated manner to synthesis tasks, improving text quality and some of the cognitive processes involved.
Knowledge and attitudes toward artificial intelligence in nursing among various categories of professionals in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Fei Fangqin , Wei Jiawen , Huang Mingxue , Xiang Fengling , Tu Jing , Wang Yaping , Gan Jinhua 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThe application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is an important public health issue. However, few studies have investigated the perceptions and attitudes of healthcare professionals toward its applications in nursing. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and concerns of healthcare professionals, AI-related professionals, and others in China toward AI in nursing.MethodsWe conducted an online cross-sectional study on nursing students, nurses, other healthcare professionals, AI-related professionals, and others in China between March and April 2024. They were invited to complete a questionnaire containing 21 questions with four sections. The survey followed the principle of voluntary participation and was conducted anonymously. The participants could withdraw from the survey at any time during the study.ResultsThis study obtained 1,243 valid questionnaires. The participants came from 25 provinces and municipalities in seven regions of China. Regarding knowledge of AI in nursing, 57% of the participants knew only a little about AI, 4.7% did not know anything about AI, 64.7% knew only a little about AI in nursing, and 13.4% did not know anything about AI in nursing. For attitudes toward AI in nursing, participants were positive about AI in nursing, with more than 50% agreeing and strongly agreeing with each question on attitudes toward AI in nursing. Differences in the numbers of participants with various categories of professionals regarding knowledge and attitudes toward AI in nursing were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). Regarding concerns and ethical issues about AI in nursing, every participant expressed concerns about AI in nursing, and 95.7% of participants believed that it is necessary to strengthen medical ethics toward AI in nursing.ConclusionNursing students and healthcare professionals lacked knowledge about AI or its application in nursing, but they had a positive attitude toward AI. It is necessary to strengthen medical ethics toward AI in nursing. The study’s findings could help develop new strategies benefiting healthcare.
Antifungal Potential of Carnosic Acid from Salvia somalensis against Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Iobbi Valeria , Lo Vetere Marta , Lanteri Anna Paola , Reinhardt Jakob K. , Danton Ombeline , Keller Morris , Hamburger Matthias , Salis Annalisa , Damonte Gianluca , Potterat Olivier , Bisio Angela 
Published: July 2024

The aims of the present study were (i) to characterize the dichloromethane extract of the fresh aerial parts of S. somalensis, cultivated in Liguria (Italy), (ii) to quantify carnosic acid production and (iii) to find an eco-friendly alternative approach to control diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi. The phytochemical investigation yielded several known terpenoids, as well as a diterpene, 4α,9α-epoxy-2H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-7(5H)-one, not previously described as a plant metabolite before. The results showed a noteworthy quantity of carnosic acid (113.90 µg/mg of dried extract). The potential antifungal activity of the plant surface extract and carnosic acid against five phytopathogenic fungi (Colletotrichum coccodes, Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani) was considered. A complete inhibition of C. coccodes, S. sclerotiorum and R. solani mycelium growth was observed by carnosic acid at 500 µg/mL. High inhibition values were observed against B. cinerea and F. oxysporum compared to reference active ingredients. Four different B. cinerea strains exhibited a pronounced sensitivity to carnosic acid, as well as those originating from agricultural crop scenarios where a high load of active ingredient for gray mold control was historically adopted. Additionally, the formation and development of the germinative tube in B. cinerea were greatly slowed down.
Pathogenicity of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella typhimurium Isolated from Ducks
Authors: Xu Yulin , Yu Zhitong , Wu Shaopeng , Song Mengze , Cui Lulu , Sun Shuhong , Wu Jiaqiang 
Published: July 2024

Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) is one of the most common Salmonella serotypes in epidemiological surveys of poultry farms in recent years. It causes growth retardation, mortality, and significant economic losses. The extensive use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Salmonella, which has become a significant global problem and long-term challenge. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and features of S. typhimurium strains in duck embryos and cloacal swabs from large-scale duck farms in Shandong, China, including drug resistance and virulence genes and the pathogenicity of an S. typhimurium strain by animal experiment. The results demonstrated that a total of 8 S. typhimurium strains were isolated from 13,621 samples. The drug resistance results showed that three of the eight S. typhimurium strains were MDR with the dominant resistance profile of CTX-DX-CTR-TE-AMX-AMP-CAZ. In particular, the virulence genes invA, hilA, pefA, rck, and sefA showed high positive rates. Based on the analysis of the biological characteristics of bacterial biofilm formation and mobility, a strain of S. typhimurium with the strongest biofilm formation ability, designated 22SD07, was selected for animal infection experiments with broiler ducklings. The results of animal experiments demonstrated that infection with 22SD07 reduced body weight and bursa index but increased heart and liver indexes compared to the control group. Histological examination revealed desquamation of the intestinal villous epithelium, the presence of large aggregates of lymphocytes, and a decrease in goblet cells following infection. Furthermore, the expression of IL-10 was significantly increased in the liver at 3 dpi, while TNF-α was significantly increased in the spleen at 7 dpi. The above results indicate that S. typhimurium may pose a potential threat to human health through the food chain. This helps us to understand the frequency and characteristics of S. typhimurium in duck farms and emphasizes the urgent need to strengthen and implement effective continuous monitoring to control its infection and transmission.
NIR-Triggered Release of Nitric Oxide by Upconversion-Based Nanoplatforms to Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Osteoporosis Therapy
Authors: Ma Xulu , Luan Zhao , Zhao Qingxin , Yang Anli , Li Jinming 
Published: July 2024

Stem cell therapy is an attractive approach to bone tissue regeneration in osteoporosis (OP); however, poor cell engraftment and survival within injured tissues limits its success in clinical settings. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in various physiological processes, with emerging evidence supporting its diverse roles in modulating stem cell behavior, including survival, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. To control and enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for OP therapy, we designed a near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered NO-releasing nanoplatform based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that converts 808-nm NIR light into visible light, stimulating NO release by light control. We demonstrate that the UCNP nanoplatforms can encapsulate a light-sensitive NO precursor, Roussin’s black salt (RBS), through the implementation of a surface mesoporous silica coating. Upon exposure to 808-nm irradiation, NO is triggered by the controlled upconversion of UCNP visible light at the desired time and location. This controlled release mechanism facilitates photoregulated differentiation of MSCs toward osteogenic lineage and avoids thermal effects and phototoxicity on cells, thus offering potential therapeutic applications for treating OP in vivo. Following the induction of osteogenic differentiation, the UCNP nanoplatforms exhibit the capability to serve as nanoprobes for the real-time detection of differentiation through enzymatic digestion and fluorescence recovery of UCNPs, enabling assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of OP treatment. Consequently, these UCNP-based nanoplatforms present a novel approach to control and enhance osteogenic differentiation of MSCs for OP therapy, simultaneously detecting osteogenic differentiation for evaluating treatment effectiveness.
CARACTERIZACION DE PLANTAS DE 19 ESPECIES DE MANZANO (Malus spp) DE POLINIZACION LIBRE INTRODUCIDAS DE POLONIA POR SU DESARROLLO VEGETATIVO E INCIDENCIA DE CENICILLA (Podosphaera leucotrieha)
Authors: Barrera Guerra José Luis , Borys Michal W. , Orozco Tinoco Rubén , López Jiménez Alfredo 
Published: July 2024

Luego de estratificarse por tres meses, las semillas de 19 especies de manzano introducidas de Polonia, presentaron una va­riación en la germinación de 1.27% (M. arnoldiana) a 72.41% (M. baccata var. sibirica). Después de 6 meses de transplantadas el crecimiento de las plantas fluctuó desde 6.4 cm (en M. sie­boldii var. colocarpa) hasta 39.5 cm (en M. purpurea). Las ho­jas diferentes en forma y tamaño entre una misma especie, se formaron desde 7 hasta 48 por planta, presentando coloración de verde y/o púrpura. Al final del invierno de 1980-1981, la caí­da de las hojas fue heterogénea, mientras que algunas especies mantuvieron gran parte de su follaje (M. arnoldiana, M. baccata y M. baccata fructus lutea), en otras la defoliación casi era completa (M. prunifolia, M. prunifolia var. sicona y M. rajek). Asimismo al inicio de la primavera la brotación de las plantas varió de O (en M. floribunda) a 72% (en M. baccata var. sibirica).
Por otro lado, el ataque de cenicilla en las plantas también fue muy variable. El hongo se presentó en el semillero en algu­nos individuos desde los 45 días. Después de 6 meses y de apli­car diferentes fungicidas, hubo especies que presentaron 100% de ataque por esta enfermedad (M. floribunda var. arnoldiana, M. prunifolia var. sicona A., M. purpurea y M. silvestre cv. Anto­novka) mientras que hubo especies con 0 y 41% de ataque (M. anrnoldiana y M. robusta USA respectivamente).
TASA RESPIRATORIA Y VIGOR DE SEMILLAS EN GIRASOL
Authors: Gaticia-Vásquez Mecinda , Molina-Moreno Juan C , Carballo-Carballo Aquiles , González-Hernández Víctor A 
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo se cuantificó la tasa de respiración en semillas de 20 familias de girasol (Helianthus annus L.) con bajo y alto contenido de aceite, durante el proceso germinativo, así como el vigor de las plántulas. Las diferencias encontradas entre las familias de alto y bajo contenido de aceite, en cuanto al vigor de las semillas, evaluado mediante la prueba de tetrazolio, fueron mínimas pero consistentes, estableciéndose que la familia F-394 de alto contenido de aceite superó a la familia F-13 de bajo contenido de aceite. Se encontró que las dos familias produjeron tanto plántulas vigorosas como no vigorosas, y que estas últimas respiraron a una tasa marcadamente inferior a la de las plántulas vigorosas, siendo más notoria la diferencia a las 96 horas de iniciada la imbibición. Entonces, la tasa respiratoria, particularmente en esa etapa de la germinación, podría ser utilizada como criterio de selección para vigor de semilla y plántula en girasol.
STUDI KOMPARASI UNTUK AS-BUILT SURVEY DAN PENGAWASAN DEFORMASI DARI GEDUNG: METODE TERESTRIS VS METODE SATELIT DI GEDUNG KULIAH UMUM (GKU) INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SUMATERA
Authors: Nadzir Zulfikar Adlan 
Published: July 2024

Infrastructure development is one of the main points of the program by the Indonesian government, outlined in Nawacita. One of the manifestations of this program in 2019 was the construction of the Gedung Kuliah Umum (GKU) at the Institut Teknologi Sumatera (Itera). As an effort to realize sustainable development, Geodetic surveys named 'as-built surveys' and periodic deformation observations need to be conducted. Both surveys can be done by terrestrial method using total station and satellite method using GPS-RTK. In this article, an analysis of the accuracy, precision and efficiency of the terrestrial method and satellite method for as-built survey and deformation observation at GKU Itera is reported along with a comparison between deformation calculation and direct observation. It was found that the terrestrial method produced better accuracy and precision level (19,5 cm compared to 43,3 cm) than the satellite method with 95% confidence level. In addition, the terrestrial method produces 3 times more data than the satellite method, although on the other hand, the total observation time of the terrestrial method is 100% longer than the satellite method. These results show that periodic monitoring is important for detecting the degree of deformation and realizing sustainable development. In addition, the terrestrial method is more suitable for accurate and precise periodic surveillance of a building than the satellite method. These findings could act as a contribution towards better sustainable deformation monitiring of a building and to underline the importance of having such periodic observations.
STUDY RE-ANALYSIS OF HIGH WAVE DEFORMATION IN RE-DESIGN COASTAL REVETMENT PROTECTION OF RAJABASA BEACH KALIANDA
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad Aldhiansyah Rifqi , Mardika Muhammad Gilang Indra , Fatkhurrozi Muhammad , Martino Ahmad Fadlun Harianto 
Published: July 2024

The eruption of Mount Krakatau in 2018, along with high waves, has impacted the coastal conditions of Kalianda Beach. The parameters for planning the revetment include significant wave height, highest high water level (HHWL), refraction and shoaling coefficients, wave set-up, and SLR. Wave data processing was conducted using the FT Type I. The extreme wave 50-year period has a height (Hr) of 2.22 m and a period (Tr) of 14.67 s. The wave transformation coefficients for refraction and shoaling, which are 0.74 and 1.44 respectively, lead to a deformation wave height of 2.19 m at a depth of 5 m. Admiralty tide analysis yielded a tidal range element at MSL of 0.94 m, which serves as the datum for elevation point 0. The HHWL from MSL is 0.73 m, wave set-up is 0.58 m due to breaking waves at 3.43 m, and SLR is 0.16 m, leading to a DWL of 1.46 m. The wave run-up varies according to the type of revetment, boulder type elevations id 4.60 m, tetrapod type is 3.80 m, and dolos type is 4.40 m. Differences elevation are attributed to different wave run-up every type of revetment material, run-up of the type material boulder is 2.83 m, run-up of tetrapod is 2.08 m, and dolos is 2.67 m.