bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasion potential of Agrilus planipennis and other Agrilus beetles in Europe: import pathways of deciduous wood chips and MaxEnt analyses of potential distribution areas
Authors: Flø D. , Krokene P. , Økland B. 
Published: July 2015

Bark‐ and wood‐boring beetles in the genus Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) can survive wood‐chipping, and Agrilus planipennis has established in North America and European Russia with devastating impacts on forest ecosystems. The work presented in this paper combined import statistics of deciduous wood chips, Maximum entropy modelling (MaxEnt) of climatic similarities, and the distribution of potential tree hosts to predict the likelihood of four selected North American Agrilus species to become introduced and established in Europe. In agreement with the EU's energy‐policy target of increased use of wood chips, there was a linear or exponential increase in European imports of deciduous wood chips during the past 10 years from countries harbouring potentially harmful Agrilus species. MaxEnt showed high environmental suitability in Europe for the four selected Agrilus species, particularly in Eastern Europe and European Russia for A. anxius, A. bilineatus and A. planipennis and in southern Europe for A. politus. Documented susceptible host trees are widely distributed in the predicted areas of Agrilus distribution in Europe, and these areas receive large quantities of deciduous wood chips from countries where these and other Agrilus species are present. Thus, it was concluded that the fundamental conditions for introduction and establishment of Agrilus species in Europe are in place.
Allergenic Can f 1 and its human homologue Lcn‐1 direct dendritic cells to induce divergent immune responses
Authors: Posch Beate , Irsara Christian , Gamper Fabian S. , Herrmann Martin , Bindreither Daniel , Fuchs Dietmar , Reider Norbert , Redl Bernhard , Heufler Christine 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWhy and when the immune system skews to Th2 mediated allergic immune responses is still poorly characterized. With two homologous lipocalins, the major respiratory dog allergen Can f 1 and the human endogenous, non‐allergenic Lipocalin‐1, we investigated their impact on human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (DC). The two lipocalins had differential effects on DC according to their allergenic potential. Compared to Lipocalin‐1, Can f 1 persistently induced lower levels of the Th1 skewing maturation marker expression, tryptophan breakdown and interleukin (IL)‐12 production in DC. As a consequence, T cells stimulated by DC treated with Can f 1 produced more of the Th2 signature cytokine IL‐13 and lower levels of the Th1 signature cytokine interferon‐γ than T cells stimulated by Lipocalin‐1 treated DC. These data were partially verified by a second pair of homologous lipocalins, the cat allergen Fel d 4 and its putative human homologue major urinary protein. Our data indicate that the crosstalk of DC with lipocalins alone has the potential to direct the type of immune response to these particular antigens. A global gene expression analysis further supported these results and indicated significant differences in intracellular trafficking, sorting and antigen presentation pathways when comparing Can f 1 and Lipocalin‐1 stimulated DC. With this study we contribute to a better understanding of the induction phase of a Th2 immune response.
Asymmetry of Cerebral Hemodynamic Response to Incremental Cycling Exercise
Authors: Stone Mark R. , Gibson Alan St Clair , Thompson Kevin G. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose:Exercise is known to result in hemodynamic changes in the bilateral prefrontal cortex. The aim of this study was to investigate hemodynamic changes in right and left hemispheres of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during incremental cycling exercise.Methods:After 10 min rest, 9 participants (mean age 26.6 ± 2.5 y, mass 77.5 ± 9.7 kg, stature 1.79 ± 0.9 m) cycled at 100–150 W for 4 min. Thereafter, resistance was increased by 25 W every 4 min until exhaustion (EXH). Respiratory exchange and concentrations of oxy- ([HbO2]), deoxy- ([(HHb]), and total hemoglobin ([Hbtot]) in the PFC were continuously measured. Data were averaged for 60 s at rest and preceding ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1), VT2, and volitional EXH and after 5 min recovery. Subjective ratings of affect were measured at VT1, VT2, VT1 minus 25 W (VT1-25W), and VT2 plus 25 W (VT2+25W).Results:There were no between-hemispheres differences in [HbO2] or [Hbtot] at rest, VT1, or recovery or in [HHb] at any point. Right-hemisphere [HbO2] and [Hbtot] were significantly greater than left at VT2 (P = .01 and P = .02) and EXH (P = .03 and P = .02). Affect was significantly greater at VT1-25W vs VT2 and VT2+25W and at VT1 and VT2 vs VT2+25W (P < .01–.03).Conclusions:To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to describe an exercise-state-dependent change in PFC asymmetry during incremental exercise. The asymmetry detected coincided with a decrease in affect scores in agreement with the PFC-asymmetry hypothesis.
Green sonochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles at varying concentrations of κ-carrageenan
Authors: Elsupikhe Randa Fawzi , Shameli Kamyar , Ahmad Mansor B , Ibrahim Nor Azowa , Zainudin Norhazlin 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A green sonochemical method was developed for preparing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in different concentrations of kappa carrageenan (κ-carrageenan). The κ-carrageenan was used as a natural eco-friendly stabilizer, and ultrasonic irradiation was used as a green reducing agent. The number of Ag-NPs increased with increasing κ-carrageenan concentrations. Formation of Ag/κ-carrageenan was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy where the surface plasmon absorption maximum was observed at 402 to 420 nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the Ag-NPs are of a face-centered cubic structure. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum indicated the presence of Ag-NPs in κ-carrageenan. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image for the highest concentration of κ-carrageenan showed the distribution of Ag-NPs with an average particle size near to 4.21 nm. Scan electron microscopy (SEM) images illustrated the spherical shape of the Ag-NPs. The use of photo irradiation provides a green and economic feature to this work.
The incidence of hypomagnesaemia following abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery
Authors: Jolly K , Faulconer R , McEwan R , Becker H , Garnham A 
Published: July 2015

Introduction Magnesium is important for cardiac function. Hypomagnesaemia is associated with a higher incidence of arrhythmias and poorer outcomes in cardiac surgery. No studies have investigated the incidence or impact of postoperative hypomagnesaemia after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery. We aim to assess the incidence of hypomagnesaemia after AAA repair in our population. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed of patients who underwent elective AAA surgery at a single vascular centre. The last 110 patients undergoing open or endovascular AAA repair were identified. The hospital pathology system was used to identify the immediate postoperative serum magnesium levels as well as patient demographics and admission details. Hypomagnesaemia was defined as serum magnesium of <0.7mmol/l. Results A total of 211 patients were studied and there were 3 deaths. Of the patients included, 101 underwent open elective AAA repair and 110 underwent endovascular repair. In the elective open repair group, 73 patients (73%) were hypomagnesaemic. In the endovascular repair group, 35 (32%) had hypomagnesaemia. A t-test showed a statistically significant difference in hypomagnesaemia between the open and endovascular groups (p<0.001). Conclusions AAA surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative hypomagnesaemia, which is significantly greater among open repair patients. This is likely to have an effect on cardiac activity and lead to cardiac complications such as arrhythmias and poorer postoperative outcomes, especially in the open AAA repair subgroup. This stresses the importance of serum magnesium and cardiac monitoring in the postoperative phase. A prospective study is proposed to further investigate these findings, and their potential implications on perioperative morbidity and mortality.
Testing the Feasibility of Intra-Operative Sentinel Lymph Node Touch Imprint Cytology
Authors: Jahromi Alireza Hamidian , Narayanan Sankaran , MacNeill Fiona , Osin Peter , Nerurkar Ashutash , Gui Gerald 
Published: July 2015

INTRODUCTION Sentinel lymph node biopsy is emerging as the new standard for axillary staging in breast cancer. Intra-operative assessment of the sentinel lymph nodes allows immediate completion of axillary dissection during the same anaesthetic. This project was a quality assurance practice to establish feasibility, time-to-report, as well as accuracy of performing intra-operative assessment of sentinel lymph nodes using touch imprint cytology in our centre. PATIENTS AND METHODS This prospective audit included 146 sentinel lymph nodes from 74 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer. All patients underwent axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy using combined blue dye and radiocolloid technique. Results of intra-operative touch imprint cytology using haematoxylin and eosin staining were compared with the definitive histopathology results. RESULTS Mean time to report touch imprint cytology was 25.7 ± 6.4 min (range, 15–40 min). Histopathology demonstrated metastasis in 25 sentinel nodes from 17 (23%) patients. Intra-operative touch imprint cytology detected 15 nodes in 11 patients, giving a sensitivity of 60% (nodes) and 66.7% (patients) and specificity of 99.2% (nodes) and 98.2% (patients) based on the number of nodes and patients involved, respectively. Touch imprint cytology failed to show metastatic involvement in 10 nodes from 6 patients; of these, five nodes had micrometastasis (< 2 mm) and the other five had macrometastasis. One touch imprint cytology positive node contained isolated tumour cells only. Using intra-operative touch imprint cytology made a change in treatment of 11(14.9%) patients, and spared second axillary procedure in 7 (9.4%) patients. CONCLUSIONS Intra-operative sentinel lymph node assessment using touch imprint cytology is feasible within a busy NHS practice. We now offer touch imprint cytology to patients following appropriate counselling.
Interview: Sean Peel
Authors: Whitaker Matthew 
Published: July 2015

The Centre for Applied Reconstructive Technologies in Surgery (CARTIS) is a collaboration between the National Centre for Product Design and Development Research at (PDR) Cardiff Metropolitan University and Morriston Hospital. They have been leading the way in developing new techniques and applications for 3D printing in surgery, and improving the accessibility and ease of use of these technologies in the UK. CARTIS hit the headlines earlier this year for the role they played in a complex facial reconstruction (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-26534408) in which 3D printing technology was extensively used. We interviewed Sean Peel, Design and Research Engineer in Surgery and Prosthetics at PDR and a key engineer in recent surgical projects at CARTIS, to get an inside perspective from the frontier of this rapidly developing industry.
Influence Of Magnetic Field On Onion Seed Germination
Authors: Valšíková Magdaléna , Jedlička Jaroslav , Mezeyová Ivana , Guler Seda 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Dynamics of onion seeds germination with different germinability and magnetic field influence with variable intensity on onion germinative activity was determined in trials. Amika F1 hybrid marked low germinative activity. On 21th day after trial foundation it reached germinability of 34–46%. Halftime of this germination was reached on fourth to fifth day after trial foundation. Exhibition variety had convenient germination activity, 70–91%. Halftime of its germinability was reached on sixth to eighth day after trial foundation. On the base of submitted results there can be said that the seed with low germinative activity has faster initial start of germination. The seed with suitable germinative activity has more regular course of germinability from the beginning till the end of germination. Seeds of varieties Amika F1 and Exhibition achieved significantly lower germination in the radiation intensity of 20 mT compared to other variants with the radiation intensity of 40 mT, 55 mT and the control one. Between the variants of 40 mT, 55 mT and the control one the differences were not significant.
Chemical composition, antitumor activity, and toxicity of essential oil from the leaves of Lippia microphylla
Authors: Xavier Aline L. , Pita João Carlos L.R. , Brito Monalisa T. , Meireles Déborah R.P. , Tavares Josean F. , Silva Marcelo S. , Maia José Guilherme S. , Andrade Eloisa H.A. , Diniz Margareth F.F.M. , Silva Teresinha G. , Pessoa Hilzeth L.F. , Sobral Marianna V. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The chemical composition, antitumor activity and toxicity of the essential oil from Lippia microphylla leaves (OEL) were investigated. The major constituents were thymol (46.5%), carvacrol (31.7%), p-cymene (9%), and γ-terpinene (2.9%). To evaluate the toxicity of OEL in non-tumor cells, the hemolytic assay with Swiss mice erythrocytes was performed. The concentration producing 50% hemolysis (HC50) was 300 μg/mL. Sarcoma 180 tumor growth was inhibited in vivo 38% at 50 mg/kg, and 60% at 100 mg/kg, whereas 5-FU at 50 mg/kg caused 86% inhibition. OEL displays moderate gastrointestinal and hematological toxicity along with causing some alteration in liver function and morphology. However, the changes were considered reversible and negligible in comparison to the effects of several anticancer drugs. In summary, OEL displays in vivo antitumor activity and a moderate toxicity, which suggests further pharmacological study.
Postmortem Chemistry: Practical Considerations and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Coe JI 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Determination of postmortem chemical values may be of use in a variety of situations. Results of such studies may demonstrate biochemical abnormalities responsible for death when no autopsy is performed, establish a cause of death where autopsy reveals no significant anatomic pathology, help in the evaluation of the physiological effects of recognizable anatomic lesions, and assist in estimating the time of death.
Anaphylactic Deaths: A Clinicopathologic Study of 43 Cases
Authors: Delage C , Irey NS 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The concept of anaphylaxis originates from the observations by the French physiologist Charles Richet in 1902 of the effects of actinotoxins on the blood pressure of dogs [1]. Anaphylactic shock is the classic example of the immediate type of hypersensitivity reaction; it may be defined as the failure of the peripheral circulation induced by an antigen-antibody reaction [2]. The circulatory collapse may be primary, if the circulatory reaction is the primary event, or secondary, if the circulatory collapse is the consequence of an initial respiratory insufficiency.
Bias and Quality Control in Forensic Science: A Cause for Concern
Authors: Thomson MA 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Today science, technology, and criminological specialization pervade the criminal process. This evolution has not been without reason. Many of the mainstays of the field of law enforcement have been weakened, and in the process, law enforcement officials have come to rely more and more on science. Modern research has demonstrated an underlying unreliability in regard to eyewitness testimony. Court decisions have limited the use of confessions and altered police procedures regarding interviews and interrogations. Forensic science has emerged into the main arena of the law enforcement process. Like its predecessors, though, forensic science could fall into disuse unless it has the foresight to control and guide its destiny in a better fashion.
Evaluation and Social Internship Program of IAIN Sultan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi Students: Using Context, Input, Process and Product Model (CIPP Model)
Authors: Hurmaini Muhammad 
Published: July 2015

The purpose of the research is to know the context, input, process and product evaluation on the Social Internship Program (Kukerta) of IAIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi Students by using Participatory Action Research (PAR) system. The research is conducted in four locations of IAIN Sultan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi students’ Kukerta in first period of 2013; Lubuk Terap, Sengeti Kecamatan Sekernan, unas, and Simpang Tiga Sipin by using questionnaire. All students of Kukerta in these 4 locations, consists of 51 people become the sample of this study. The finding of the study showed that first, context evaluation of PAR system Kukerta programs is actually having many deficiencies and weakness in both determining the needs as well as the purpose of Kukerta program. Therefore, it needs some improvements or revision. Second, input evaluation of PAR system Kukerta shows some weakness from the students and the internship supervisors/ advisors. Both students and internship supervisors have to be firstly provided by training on PAR system Kukerta. Third, process evaluation on the program is also lack of the relevant activities towards students’ needs and program realization. Fourth, product evaluation reveals that there is no significant result of the program, physically or non-physically. It can be recommended that the program can be continued with some improvements and revision on its implementation. Copyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Crisis económica: migrantes más vulnerables. Casos en Berrien, Michigan
Authors: Avendaño Martha , Rivera Jenny Maricela , Díaz Rafael 
Published: July 2015

Este artículo analiza los efectos de la crisis económica estadounidense sobre la calidad de vida de una muestra de migrantes mexicanos en localidades del condado de Berrien, Michigan, a través de factores que influyen en las libertades de movilización (estatus legal), escasas oportunidades de tipo laboral y limitaciones de índole social (seguro de salud, educación superior y percepción sobre la calidad de vida). Mediante una metodología de estudios de casos, se efectuó una introspección en la vida de las personas para conocer cómo enfrentan los inconvenientes de su estatus legal y su trabajo, bajo una reconstrucción de las condiciones primarias de vida, tipo de empleo, permanencia en el país, motivos de su migración, y cambios anteriores y posteriores a la crisis. Abstract This article analyzes the effects of the economic crisis on the quality of life of Mexican immigrants in Berrien County, Michigan; due to the factors that influence transportation, mobilization (legalstatus), less opportunities of labor type and limitations of social nature (Medicaid, university and perception about quality of life). By applying a methodology of case studies, into the way each face the disadvantages about their legal status and their work, reconstructing the primary conditions of their lives, type of job, residency status in the country, reasons that impelled the immigration and changes before and after the crisis.
The eNanoMapper database for nanomaterial safety information
Authors: Jeliazkova Nina , Chomenidis Charalampos , Doganis Philip , Fadeel Bengt , Grafström Roland , Hardy Barry , Hastings Janna , Hegi Markus , Jeliazkov Vedrin , Kochev Nikolay , Kohonen Pekka , Munteanu Cristian R , Sarimveis Haralambos , Smeets Bart , Sopasakis Pantelis , Tsiliki Georgia , Vorgrimmler David , Willighagen Egon 
Published: July 2015

Background:The NanoSafety Cluster, a cluster of projects funded by the European Commision, identified the need for a computational infrastructure for toxicological data management of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Ontologies, open standards, and interoperable designs were envisioned to empower a harmonized approach to European research in nanotechnology. This setting provides a number of opportunities and challenges in the representation of nanomaterials data and the integration of ENM information originating from diverse systems. Within this cluster, eNanoMapper works towards supporting the collaborative safety assessment for ENMs by creating a modular and extensible infrastructure for data sharing, data analysis, and building computational toxicology models for ENMs.Results:The eNanoMapper database solution builds on the previous experience of the consortium partners in supporting diverse data through flexible data storage, open source components and web services. We have recently described the design of the eNanoMapper prototype database along with a summary of challenges in the representation of ENM data and an extensive review of existing nano-related data models, databases, and nanomaterials-related entries in chemical and toxicogenomic databases. This paper continues with a focus on the database functionality exposed through its application programming interface (API), and its use in visualisation and modelling. Considering the preferred community practice of using spreadsheet templates, we developed a configurable spreadsheet parser facilitating user friendly data preparation and data upload. We further present a web application able to retrieve the experimental data via the API and analyze it with multiple data preprocessing and machine learning algorithms.Conclusion:We demonstrate how the eNanoMapper database is used to import and publish online ENM and assay data from several data sources, how the “representational state transfer” (REST) API enables building user friendly interfaces and graphical summaries of the data, and how these resources facilitate the modelling of reproducible quantitative structure–activity relationships for nanomaterials (NanoQSAR).
A review of surrogate models and their application to groundwater modeling
Authors: Asher M. J. , Croke B. F. W. , Jakeman A. J. , Peeters L. J. M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe spatially and temporally variable parameters and inputs to complex groundwater models typically result in long runtimes which hinder comprehensive calibration, sensitivity, and uncertainty analysis. Surrogate modeling aims to provide a simpler, and hence faster, model which emulates the specified output of a more complex model in function of its inputs and parameters. In this review paper, we summarize surrogate modeling techniques in three categories: data‐driven, projection, and hierarchical‐based approaches. Data‐driven surrogates approximate a groundwater model through an empirical model that captures the input‐output mapping of the original model. Projection‐based models reduce the dimensionality of the parameter space by projecting the governing equations onto a basis of orthonormal vectors. In hierarchical or multifidelity methods the surrogate is created by simplifying the representation of the physical system, such as by ignoring certain processes, or reducing the numerical resolution. In discussing the application to groundwater modeling of these methods, we note several imbalances in the existing literature: a large body of work on data‐driven approaches seemingly ignores major drawbacks to the methods; only a fraction of the literature focuses on creating surrogates to reproduce outputs of fully distributed groundwater models, despite these being ubiquitous in practice; and a number of the more advanced surrogate modeling methods are yet to be fully applied in a groundwater modeling context.