bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
500 – Prescribing Anti Psychotics for Behavioral Problems in Dementia Patients
Authors: Al-Taiar H. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Dementia is a serious loss of global cognitive ability in a previously unimpaired person, beyond what might be expected from normal aging. There are about 820,000 people in the UK with dementia (Alzheimer's Research Trust 2010).Aim:To show whether we compiled with the Department of Health in prescribing antipsychotics for dementia patients. All the patients have an indication recorded for the prescribing of antipsychotics including target symptoms.Methodology and selection:We included all the patients with dementia who were under the care of the MCPCT Older Adult Team (Outpatients, inpatients, and memory assessment clinics) between April 1st 2011 - June 30th 2011.Results:Antipsychotics were used in 11% of patients with dementia, there’re were clear guidelines as to what the indications were in each case. The initiation of treatment was almost within the scope of specialist mental health services. The review was done by consultants. The indication for antipsychotics were psychotic symptoms (delusions and hallucinations) in nearly 40% of cases. In 50% of cases we tried to stop the antipsychotics with successful cessation in half of that sample. The maximum duration was less than 3 months in 82% of cases.Discussion:It is clear that antipsychotics are infrequently used in older adult population with Dementia who are under the care of our teams (only 11%) which is much less than what the Department of Health report's figures.
510 – Future Directions for European Psychiatry - A 30 Year Perspective
Authors: Sartorius N. 
Published: July 2013

The promises of the 1980’s painted a very attractive image of mental health care in the early 21st century. The paradigms of community care, of shifting tasks of mental health care to primary and general health care, of technology in the service of people, of the dispersion of stigma of mental illness and of effective rehabilitation supported by new methods of treatment seemed to be sufficiently robust to carry mental health programmes to new heights, to ensure the promotion of mental health and to improve the life of people with mental illness and their families to an unprecedented level.Now, in the second decade of the 21st Century we can see that some of the paradigms on which mental health programmes were to be built are obsolescent and that the promised state of affairs as far as mental health is concerned has moved still further into the future. The presentation will examine the currently held paradigms of mental health programmes and of psychiatry and draw attention to areas of possible improvements in their formulation.
519 – Nonpharmacological Approaches to Treatment of Cognitive Functions in Patiens with Mild and Moderate Dementia
Authors: Luzny J. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Dementia is severe mental disorder which should be treated both with pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches.Objectives, aims:To evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological approaches influencing cognitive functions we used in routine practice in inpatient women psychogeriatric ward in Mental hospital in Kromeriz and satisfaction with these activities in hospitalised patients.Methods:At the beginning and at the end of hospitalisation was used range of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) to make an indicative assessment of cognitive functions, and at the end of hospitalization was used a controlled interview.Results:At the end of hospitalisation there was no significant evidence of improving cognitive functions (short period of research is the most probable reason). Nevertheless, psychotherapeutic activities were evaluated by clients positively.Conclusion:Non-pharmacological approaches have important position in treatment of dementia, together with pharmacological and support therapy.
535 – The Clinical Spectrum of Neurosyphilis Today
Authors: Daey Ouwens I.M. , Fiolet A.T.L. , Ott A. , Koehler P.J. , Verhoeven W.M.A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Neurosyphilis is a complication of syphilis, due to invasion into the central nervous system of Treponema pallidum, subspecies pallidus. Although neurosyphilis may remain asymptomatic, symptoms can develop at any time after initial infection. Early forms include syphilitic meningitis, meningovasculitis and ocular disease. Dementia paralytica, or “general paralysis of the insane”, and tabes dorsalis used to be the most frequent forms of late neurosyphilis. Several reports, however, suggest a changing clinical presentation of neurosyphilis. Atypical neuropsychiatric syndromes seem to be more prevalent than in the past. Inadvertent treatment with antibiotics prescribed for unrelated diseases and improved serological methods are probably the most important contributing factors. Accelerated progression from syphilis to neurosyphilis in HIV seropositive patients has also been reported.Objectives:This prospective study aims to investigate the clinical spectrum of neurosyphilis in patients whose cerebrospinal fluid was tested positive for neurosyphilis by the Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, a large reference laboratory in the North-East part of the Netherlands.Methods:From 2004 to 2013 all patients with a new diagnosis of neurosyphilis, proven by cerebrospinal fluid serology, were included. Each patient’s clinical record was reviewed for demographic, clinical and laboratory data.Results:Our inclusion criteria were met by 24 patients, all male. The clinical spectrum ranged from asymptomatic to dementia paralytica. Age varied from 31 to 71. At the time of neurosyfilis diagnosis, 7 patients were HIV seropositive.Conclusions:Further analysis is currently being done and definite results and conclusions will be presented at the meeting.
541 – Comparison of Brain Activities Associated with Self-report versus Clinician-related Attachment Measures: Relationship Scale Questionnaire versus Adult Attachment Interview
Authors: Winston A. , Yaseen Z.S. , Zhang X. , Galynker I.I. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) is considered the gold standard of attachment assessment, but is expensive and time consuming. The Relationship Scale Questionaire (RSQ) is a self-report assessment of attachment, but measures different constructs.Objectives:We investigated how each measure correlates with brain activity in attachment-related tasks: conscious valence and salience appraisal of mother's face.Methods:28 female subjects ages 18–30 were given the AAI and RSQ. Using fMRI subjects viewed pictures of their mother and were asked to rate how good the image made them feel (valence rating) and how related they felt (salience rating). Brain activity correlating with AAI and RSQ measures of attachment security and dismissingness was determined by linear regression.Results:Salience processing and valence processing were associated with increased thalamo-striatal, posterior cingulate and visual cortex activity. Salience processing was associated with bilateral decrease in PFC activity. In salience processing AAI secure subjects had attenuated visual cortex response and increased lingual gyrus activity while RSQ secure subjects had decreased right temporal lobe activity and AAI dismissing subjects had enhanced left PFC deactiviation while RSQ dismissing subjects had increased left temporal pole and visual cortex activity. In valence processing RSQ secure subjects demonstrated increased left insula activity and AAI dismissing subjects demonstrated bilateral increase in thalamic and posterior cingulate activation.Conclusions:AAI and RSQ measures of attachment measure different constructs with divergent patterns of associated brain activity. AAI measures of attachment tap midline structures (pre-reflective/unconscious attachment processing), while RSQ measures tap lateral structures (cognitive/conscious attachment processing).
556 – Examination of Effect of Social Factors and Personal - Family Records on Suicide
Authors: Pourakbaran E. 
Published: July 2013

Suicide existed in past tense but it was very limited, Todays this phenomena expands very much unfourtunatly and it cause concerns among societies and individuals. most of the societies condemn suicide and many religions count it as a sin. it's surprising that suicide counts as a sin in most societies and this action leaves out the shame and disgrace reputation in that society. The second grad of death reson among teenagers and colledge students is suicide and first grade relates to car accidents.Goal:Examination of social factors such as (Age, sex and personal) records like economic and educational - Family condition on suicide.Methodology (materials and method):The sample society consists of too individuals who take action of suicide and they call on the emergency center of Zaveh.The method is non-accident available sampling and the sample society are those who call on the hygiene and treatment clinics and emergency centers. These person fill the questionnaires by consent and after we explain about our Goal.Results:Results showd that suicidal people between 13 of55 years in ages 18 of 20 people. Most suicidal patients.the women the mostsuicidal people(69% vs 31%) as well as single people than married 96%percent of the suicides and deaths can not be missed conclusion.The results showd a significant realation between age.education and marital status are also significant realation between socioeconomic status and psychiatric disorders with with suicide.
565 – Abnormality of White Matter Structure and Resting State Brain Function in First-Episode, Treatment-Naive Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Huang M. , Yu L. , Luo B. , Wang Q. , Zhou W. , Wei N. , Xu Y. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Increasing evidence indicates that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cognitive as well as mood disturbances.Objectives:To evaluate cognitive function and white matter structure, resting-state brain function in first-episode, treatmentnaive patients with MDD.Aims:To explore brain structure and function mechanisms of cognitive impairment in MDD.Methods:46 Han Chinese MDD patients aged 18–45 year and 46 controls were assessed by a series of validated test procedures.Then, 30 patients and 30 controls were obtained by MRI scan.White matter abnormalities evaluated using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were analyzed using tract based spatial statistics (TBSS) and resting-state brain function was evaluated using regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis.Results:Cognitive impairment in patients with MDD was demonstrated by reduced accuracy in the Wisconsin Card Sorting test (WSCT) and to a lesser extent the Continuous Performance test (CPT) and Trail Making tests (TMT). White matter abnormalities found in the left cerebellum, and resting-state abnormalities present in the left inferior parietal gyrus, left anterior cingulate nucleus and left hippocampal gyrus were associated with impaired performance in the WSCT and CPT tests. We also showed that poor WSCT performance was associated with increased interconnectivity between the left ventral anterior cingulate nucleus and the medial frontal lobe areas.Conclusions:The present study indicates cognitive disturbances in patients with MDD are associated with white matter and resting-state changes and altered interconnections in specific brain areas.
579 – Suicidal Ideation in the Previous Twelfth Months among Patients Attending a Community Psychiatric Out-patient Clinic-Relevant Predictive Factors
Authors: Agyapong V.I.O. , Anyansi T.E. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Predictive factors are used to alert the clinician to the necessity of carrying out a suicide risk assessment in those patients whose demographic and clinical characteristics suggests the possibility of suicide.Aim:To identify demographic and clinical variables that could predict suicidal ideation in psychiatric outpatients.Methods:150 consecutive return patients attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic were approached and requested to complete a clinician administered semi-structured questionnaire designed to assess the aims of the study. Data was analysed with descriptive statistics, univariate analysis and logistic regression using SPSS Version 17.Results:Of the 150 patients approached with written information, 133 consented to take part in the study giving a response rate of 88.7%. The mean age was 40.6 years (s.d = 12.7). On univariate analysis, there was a statistically significant relationship (p< 0.05) between three of the predictor variables (age, marital status and history of self-harm) and the likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation in the preceding 12 months. However, with all other factors controlled for, only two of the independent variables (history of self-harm and no history of psychiatric inpatient treatment) significantly predicted suicidal ideation in the previous 12 months with odds ratios of 5.409 and 2.836 respectively.Conclusion:Amongst variables studied, having a history of self-harm or no previous history of psychiatric inpatient treatment were the best predictors of suicidal ideation in the preceding year in a population of patients attending a psychiatric outpatient review clinic.
584 – The Clinical, Demographic and Neuropsychological Correlations of Insight in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Hosseini R. , Afzali T. , Moghaddam P.A. 
Published: July 2013

Purpose:The Objective of the present study was to examine the clinical, demographic and neuropsychological correlations of insight in patients with schizophrenia.Method:We assessed insight level, clinical symptoms, demographic data and neuropsychological functions in 30 schizophrenic patients.Results:The patients with schizophrenia were significantly different in insight quality. From clinical variables, only positive symptoms and depression were significantly correlated with insight levels. There was no significant correlation between demographic data and neuropsychological functions with insight levels. But investigation of insight dimensions with all variables in schizophrenic patients separately, show different results.Conclusion:The results show that quality of insight is different in schizophrenic patients. Subcomponents of insight are correlated with different factors (such as positive symptoms and depression) emphasizing the need to consider insight as multidimensional.
590 – Exposure to Lithium During Late Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: González-Rodríguez A. , Imaz M.L. , Romans C. , Palacio M. , Pérez J.M. , Marín G. , Torra M. , Roda E. , Torres A. , Garcia-Esteve L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Lithium has been used in the treatment of pregnant women with bipolar disorder for many decades but information on the effects of its exposure on perinatal variables is scarce.Objectives:To determine the effects of in-utero exposure to lithium on neonatal outcomes among infants born to women with treatment with lithium during pregnancy.Methods:Prospective and observational study including all consecutive cases of pregnant women with bipolar disorder type I or II (N = 22) and maintenance treatment with lithium monotherapy (n=13) or polytherapy (n=9), attended at the PERINATAL PSYCHIATRY PROGRAM CLÍNIC-BARCELONA between 2005 and 2012. We evaluated sociodemographic data, lithium plasma concentrations in maternal blood and umbilical cord, obstetric and neonatal variables.Results:No statistically significant differences were found regarding sociodemographic data between both groups. Rates for umbilical cord:maternal plasma lithium levels were higher in women treated with polytherapy than in women who received lithium alone (1.08 vs. 1.05). Neonates exposed to polytherapy had a higher weight percentile at birth (p70 vs p50) and greater gestational age (39.72 vs. 38.28 weeks), than those exposed to lithium alone. Acute neonatal complications were more frequently observed in infants that were exposed to lithium monotherapy (33.3% vs. 38.50), being all complications transitory and not severe.Conclusions:The infants exposed to lithium polytherapy presented a higher weight at birth compared to those who received lithium monotherapy. However, no statistically significant differences were found between treatment groups. Further research is needed to better clarify safety of lithium and its effect on neonatal outcomes.
594 - Clerking in Confusion
Authors: Pocklington C. , Al-Dhahir L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Delirium is common but often under-diagnosed. Early detection and diagnosis are vital for better prognosis, placing emphasis on the quality of the admission clerking. NICE recommends using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) when assessing such patients. For a delirium diagnosis patients have to fulfill the CAM criteria.Aim:To establish if the CAM is a useful tool in clerking patients presenting with confusion.Objectives:Assess uptake of the CAMIdentify how many patients presenting with confusion fulfill diagnosis criteriaDetermine if the CAM results in a lower number of amended diagnosesDescribe associations between clinical findings and diagnosisEvaluate junior doctor knowledge about the CAMMethods:A prospective audit was performed to assess the quality of clerking in fifty patients presenting with “confusion’. The second phase involved a qualitative questionnaire to assess junior doctor knowledge of the CAM.Results:CAM was not used to make any diagnosis. Only 4% of clerkings fulfilled diagnosis criteria. Patients diagnosed with delirium, who then had their diagnosis amended, did not fulfill CAM criteria on admission. Junior doctor knowledge of delirium diagnosis was poor.Conclusions:The CAM is a useful and valuable tool, resulting in fewer unnecessary investigations and a reduced hospital stay. Junior doctor knowledge of it is inadequate explaining why it is not currently being used in practice. We recommend that the CAM should be included in the teaching curriculum. This study shows that further investigation of the aim, and its objective, is warranted and justified.
595 - Subjetive Well-being in Eating Disorders
Authors: Magallares A. , Jauregui I. , Gamiz N. , Santed M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The literature has found that eating disorders patients usually have a depression and anxiety diagnosis. However, not many investigations have studied the relationship between ED and subjective well-being.Objectives & aims:For this reason in this study it is analyzed if women with an eating disorder diagnosis have less subjective well-being than a control group.Methods:104 participants (35 with anorexia nervosa, 28 with bulimia nervosa, 16 with eating disorder not otherwise specified and 25 controls) were selected to conduct the study.Results:It was found that women with eating disorders reported less satisfaction with life and positive affect than the control group, but there were not statically significant differences in negative affect.Conclusions:Reports of hedonic or subjective well-being problems were much more common in participants with eating disorders than in the control group (female individuals without clinical problems).
599 – Male Suicides, Unemployment and Antidepressants Consumption: A Problematic Relation in Times of Economic Recession
Authors: Mattei G. , Ferrari S. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Since 2008 economic recession, all countries in Europe are experiencing severe consequences such as lowering of income and increase in unemployment. Several researches in literature point out that both unemployment and the fear of unemployment have negative consequences on health.Aim:To study the relation between male suicidal behavior and antidepressants prescription in times of economic recession.Methods:Descriptive study. The rate of suicide, attempted suicide, and unemployment were obtained from the website of the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT: www.istat.it, www.demo.istat.it). Data referring to drug consumption were found on the website of the Italian Agency of Drugs (AIFA: www.agenziafarmaco.gov.it). Years from 2000 to 2010 were studied. Statistics performed with the Pearson’s coefficient.Results:In Italy, in the last 10 years, the use of SSRIs and other new antidepressants (not TCA) steadily increased. Since the onset of the 2008 economic crises, unemployment rate increased from 6,1% in 2007 to 8,65% in 2010. The overall number of male suicides increased dramatically especially in the most recent years of economic crises, moving from 2.197 in 2008 up to 2.399 in 2010. In particular, comparing the number of male self-harm behaviours due to financial problems with the rate of unemployment in years 2007-2010, a linear correlation is found (r=0.92 for male suicides; r= 0.90 for male attempted suicides).Conclusions:Greater availability of antidepressant therapies in Italy does not seem to impact on suicide rate as elsewhere reported (i.e. Hungary). These findings could support an important environmental effect, mediated by financial problems.
603 – Performance of the Brazilian Association of Alcoholism and Drug Near the Brazilian Air Force
Authors: Jaber J. , Cibreiros S.A. , Hollanda A. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:The Brazilian's Ministries of Defence and Justice took the initiative to create the project Agate 5, through which performance of the Brazilian Air Force - FAB, aims to curb the entry and movement of drugs in Brazil for the control and surveillance of the airspace boundaries. The Agate 5, aiming to look beyond the work of repression of drug trafficking, also preventing drug use, invited three professionals in addiction linked to ABRAD, Brazilian Association of Alcoholism and Drug Administration to work in this operation, in cities southern Brazil. This study reports the experience of these professionals in addiction Project Agate 5.Objective:Promote guidelines on prevention and treatment of chemical dependency, family treatment and health education for youth and children.Methodology:Lectures and dynamic guidance on issues related to addiction and health promotion.Development:The orientation on the prevention of drug use was presented by the ABRAD's group along with the official Brazilian Air Force - FAB, for educators and managers of the cities visited. Issues were addressed health promotion with children at a school visited by the group, in Porto Alegre, as well as guidance to adolescents participating in a social project in Foz do Iguaçu.Conclusions:The proposed objectives were achieved, and there is the possibility of teaching a course on chemical dependency counselors provided by ABRAD cities visited for training professionals to be area.