bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pembelajaran Berbasis Neurosains Dalam Perspektif Guru Raudlatul Athfal
Authors: Muallifatul Khorida Filasofa Lilif , Ainul Fitri Asya 
Published: July 2024

Dalam proses pembelajaran dan perkembangan anak usia dini, otak memegang peranan yang sangat penting. Otak akan bertindak sebagai jalan bagi stimulasi pada anak usia dini, mengingat pentingnya konsep pembelajaran dengan otak, apakah sepenuhnyaguur faham dengan konsep pembelajaran otak tersebut, dalam realitasnya yang ada guru dituntut mendampingi proses tumbuh kembang anak,.Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan oktober – Desember 2022 di Raudlatul Athfal Miftahul Athfal Mangkang Semarang, Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi.Implementasi pembelajaran berbasis neurosains dalam perspektif Guru Raudlatul adalah Pendidik belum sepenuhnya memahami konsep neurosains dalam mengembangkan kemampuan otak anak, dan menyeimbangkan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan otak kanan dan kiri. Perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran sudah sesuai dengan kurikulum yang digunakan. Faktor yang menjadi pendukung dalam pemahaman guru tentang konsep pembelajaran neurosains adalah terletak pada sumber daya manusia yaitu Guru berpendidikan dan lulusan sarjana SI, adanya organisasi IGRA yang mewadahi semua guru RA di tingkat kecamatan menjadi dukungan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman tentang pembelajaran neurosains.Sedangkan faktor penghambat kurangnya pelatihan dan workshop atau seminar yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran berbasis neurosains sehingga guru kesulitan dalam memahami konsep tersebut, buku panduan implementasi pembelajaran berbasis neurosains di tingkat PAUD masih jarang ditemukan sehingga membuat guru kesulitan dalam memahami konsep pembelajaran neurosains.
Pengaruh Bermain Puzzle Geometric terhadap Kecerdasan Visual Spasial Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Puspita Sari Feni , Sofia Ari , Nawang Sasi Devi 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan bermain puzzle geometric terhadap kecerdasan visual spasial pada anak usia 5-6 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen. Desain penelitian ini adalah nonequivalent control group design. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 32 anak yang memiliki usia 5-6 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi kecerdasan visual spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan nilai N-Gain kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,40 yang memiliki arti bahwa pengaruh bermain puzzle geometric terhadap kecerdasan visual spasial anak berada pada kategori sedang. Kemudian, hasil pengujian menggunakan uji Mann Whitney test mendapatkan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,00 < 0,05. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa kegiatan bermain puzzle geometric berpengaruh terhadap kecerdasan visual spasial anak usia 5-6 tahun.
Training needs and educational sources of European musculoskeletal specialists: learning outcomes of the IBSA International Academy – MSK Modules
Authors: Guerrasio Stefano , Saenz Ivan , Fasola Michele , Villa Giuliana 
Published: July 2024

Background: Building a meaningful training program for musculoskeletal (MSK) specialists is a major undertaking to improve the clinicians’ skills and ultimately patients’ outcome. The purpose of this study was to gather direct information from attendants of a training program called IBSA International Academy – MSK Modules on the perceived benefit of such initiative.
Methods: The IBSA International Academy has been developed during 2021 by IBSA’s Global Medical Affairs department with the involvement and support of an international faculty composed by experts in the field that has become the scientific Board of the Academy. More than 100 specialists from several European countries attended one or more modules focused on ultrasound (US) and US-guided infiltration and were asked to answer (a) a short survey just after the modules were completed and (b) a more detailed survey several weeks after their return to daily practice.
Results: A total of 114 specialists from 12 European countries attended the academy. The post-module evaluation form was completed by 94 (82.4%) and the follow-up survey by 30 (26.3%) participants. Response rate was highest for specialists from Nordic countries (50.0%) and lowest from Balkan countries (11.1%). The overall feedback of the participants to the academy was overwhelmingly positive both immediately and medium–long term after return to daily practice. About 57% of responders indicated mastering US and 30% indicated a better understanding of the anatomy as a key learning outcome of the academy. The added value of networking between peers and of direct contact with the experts in the faculty was mentioned by 77% and 53% respectively.
Implementasi Fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 31/DSN-MUI/VI/2002 Tentang Pengalihan Utang Di Bank Syariah
Authors: Fadillah Irfan , Widyananto Arief 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out whether the application of the debt transfer contract is in accordance with Fatwa DSN MUI and to find out the supporting and obstacles in implementing the debt transfer contract. This type of research is field research using data collection methods in the form of interviews, observations and literature related with the problem under study, both as primary and secondary sources. While the method used is the qualitative description method. The results of this study explain that the application of debt transfer begins with the provision of qardh to customers the buyback process between customers with the bank until the end of the installment installment payment period. While the supporting factors are helping and facilitate customers who want to
migrate from conventional banks to Islamic banks. For inhibiting factors is the lack of ability customers in paying installments, the customer's ability to provide the necessary funds related to financing in the debt transfer contract transfer of debt, the house that used as collateral is not feasible based on the appraisal assessment, did not get approval from the bank that will be transferred.
Chronic paternal alcohol exposures induce dose-dependent changes in offspring craniofacial shape and symmetry
Authors: Higgins Samantha L. , Bhadsavle Sanat S. , Gaytan Matthew N. , Thomas Kara N. , Golding Michael C. 
Published: July 2024

Although dose-response analyses are a fundamental tool in developmental toxicology, few studies have examined the impacts of toxicant dose on the non-genetic paternal inheritance of offspring disease and dysgenesis. In this study, we used geometric morphometric analyses to examine the impacts of different levels of preconception paternal alcohol exposure on offspring craniofacial shape and symmetry in a mouse model. Procrustes ANOVA followed by canonical variant analysis of geometric facial relationships revealed that Low-, Medium-, and High-dose treatments each induced distinct changes in craniofacial shape and symmetry. Our analyses identified a dose threshold between 1.543 and 2.321 g/kg/day. Below this threshold, preconception paternal alcohol exposure induced changes in facial shape, including a right shift in facial features. In contrast, above this threshold, paternal exposures caused shifts in both shape and center, disrupting facial symmetry. Consistent with previous clinical studies, changes in craniofacial shape predominantly mapped to regions in the lower portion of the face, including the mandible (lower jaw) and maxilla (upper jaw). Notably, high-dose exposures also impacted the positioning of the right eye. Our studies reveal that paternal alcohol use may be an unrecognized factor contributing to the incidence and severity of alcohol-related craniofacial defects, complicating diagnostics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
Different approach, similar outcomes: the impact of surgical access routes in minimally invasive cardiac surgery on enhanced recovery after surgery
Authors: Berger Veith Sarah , Holst Theresa , Erfani Sahab , Pochert Julia , Dumps Christian , Girdauskas Evaldas , Stock Sina 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a growing phenomenon in all surgical disciplines and aims to achieve a faster functional recovery after major operations. Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) therefore integrates well into core ERAS values. Surgical access routes in MICS include right anterolateral mini-thoracotomy (MT) as well as partial upper mini-sternotomy (PS). We seek to compare outcomes in these two cohorts, both of which were enrolled in an ERAS scheme.Methods358 consecutive patients underwent MICS and perioperative ERAS at our institution between 01/2021 and 03/2023. Patients age &gt;80 years, with BMI &gt; 35 kg/m², LVEF ≤ 35%, endocarditis or stroke with residuum were excluded. Retrospective cohort analysis and statistical testing was performed on the remaining 291 patients. The primary endpoint was successful ERAS, secondary endpoints were the occurrence of major bleeding, ERAS-associated complications (reintubation, return to ICU) as well as access-related complications (wound infection, pleural and pericardial effusions).Results170 (59%) patients received MT for mitral and/or tricuspid valve surgery (n = 162), closure of atrial septal defect (n = 4) or resection of left atrial tumor (n = 4). The remaining 121 (41%) patients had PS for aortic valve repair/replacement (n = 83) or aortic root/ascending surgery (n = 22) or both (n = 16). MT patients’ median age was 63 years (IQR 56–71) and 65% were male, PS patients’ median age was 63 years (IQR 51–69) and 74% were male. 251 (MT 88%, PS 83%, p = 0.73) patients passed through the ERAS program successfully. There were three instances of reintubation (2 MT, 1 PS), and three instances of readmission to ICU (2 MT, 1 PS). Bleeding requiring reexploration occurred six times (3 MT, 3 PS). There was one death (PS), one stroke (MT), and one myocardial infarction requiring revascularization (MT). There were no significant differences in any of the post-operative outcomes recorded, except for the incidence of pericardial effusions (MT 0%, PS 3%, p = 0.03).ConclusionsDespite different surgical access routes and underlying pathologies, results in both the MT and the PS cohort were generally comparable for the recorded outcomes. ERAS remains safe and feasible in these patient groups.
Altered thalamus functional connectivity in patients with acute unilateral vestibulopathy: a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Chen Zhengwei , Cai Yaxian , Liu Yueji , Liu Haiyan , Wei Xiu-e , Lin Cunxin , Liu Dan , Xiao Lijie , Rong Liangqun 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveAcute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP) is the second leading cause of peripheral vestibular vertigo. Full recovery of AUVP is related to sufficient central vestibular compensation. It has been confirmed that the vestibular nucleus and vestibular cortex are involved in the process of vestibular compensatory in AUVP patients. However, few studies have focused on the functional compensation of thalamus in patients with AUVP. This study aimed to explore the alterations of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) focused on thalamus using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in AUVP patients.MethodsData of 3D-T1 and resting-state fMRI were collected from 40 AUVP patients and 35 healthy controls (HC). Seeds-based (bilateral thalamus) FC was analyzed to investigate the changes in FC between the two groups. Furthermore, we evaluated the associations between altered thalamus FC and clinical features in AUVP patients using Pearson’s partial correlation.ResultsCompared with HC, AUVP patients showed decreased FC between bilateral thalamus and left insula. We also observed decreased FC between right thalamus and left supramarginal gyrus. Additionally, we found increased FC between left thalamus and right postcentral gyrus (PCG), as well as increased FC between right thalamus and regions of bilateral PCG, right middle frontal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus in AUVP patients. Furthermore, the FC between left thalamus and left insula was negatively correlated with values of canal paresis in patients with AUVP (p = 0.010, r = −0.434).ConclusionOur results provided first evidence for the decreased thalamo-vestibular cortex pathway, as well as increased thalamo-somatosensory and thalamo-visual cortex pathway in AUVP patients. These findings help us better understand the underlying mechanisms of central dynamic compensatory following an acute unilateral peripheral vestibular damage.
A quantitative analysis of fidgeting in ADHD and its relation to performance and sustained attention on a cognitive task
Authors: Son Ha Min , Calub Catrina Andaya , Fan Boyang , Dixon J. Faye , Rezaei Shahbaz , Borden Jared , Schweitzer Julie B. , Liu Xin 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder where hyperactivity often manifests as fidgeting, a non-goal-directed motoric action. Many studies demonstrate fidgeting varies under different conditions as a self-regulating mechanism for attention and alertness during cognitively demanding tasks. Fidgeting has also been associated with reaction time variability. However, a lack of standard variables to define and quantify fidgeting can lead to discrepancies in data and interpretability issues across studies. Furthermore, little is known about fidgeting in adults with ADHD compared to youth. This study aims to design a framework to quantify meaningful fidgeting variables and to apply them to test the relation between fidgeting and performance on a cognitive task, the Flanker, in adults with ADHD.MethodOur study included 70 adult participants diagnosed with ADHD, aged 18–50 years (30.5 ± 7.2 years). Screening included a structured clinical interview, childhood, current self and current observer ratings of ADHD symptoms. Actigraphy devices were attached to the left wrist and right ankle during completion of a cognitive control, attention task (the Flanker). Laboratory testing was subsequently completed on a single day. The relation between task performance, reaction time variability and fidgeting was examined.Results and DiscussionOur analysis revealed increased fidgeting during correct trials as defined by our new variables, consistent with previous observations. Furthermore, differences in fidgeting were observed between early and later trials while the percentage of correct trials were not significantly different. This suggests a relation between the role of fidgeting and sustaining attention. Participants with low reaction time variability, that is, those with more consistent reaction times, fidgeted more during later trials. This observation supports the theory that fidgeting aids arousal and improves sustained attention. Finally, a correlation analysis using ADHD-symptom rating scales validated the relevance of the fidget variables in relation to ADHD symptom severity. These findings suggest fidgeting may be a compensatory mechanism that aids in sustained attention for those with ADHD, although alternative explanations exist.ConclusionOur study suggests that fidgeting may aid in sustained attention during the attention-demanding, cognitive control processes for adults with ADHD, with more fidgeting observed during correct trials and among participants with lower reaction time variability. Furthermore, the newly defined fidget variables were validated through a significant correlation with ADHD rating scales. By sharing our implementation of fidget variables, we hope to standardize and encourage further quantitative research into the role of fidgeting in ADHD.
Impact of National Centralized Drug Procurement policy on chemical pharmaceutical enterprises’ R&D investment: a difference-in-differences analysis in China
Authors: Li Jiaming , Zhang Xinyue , Wang Rui , Cao Keyao , Wan Luhui , Ren Xu , Ding Jinxi , Li Wei 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of the National Centralized Drug Procurement (NCDP) policy on chemical pharmaceutical enterprises’ R&amp;D investment and provide references for improving NCDP policy design and encouraging innovation in the pharmaceutical industry.MethodsUsing the panel data of 102 Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed enterprises from 2016 to 2022 under the chemical pharmaceutical classification of Shenwan in Wind database as the research sample, this study developed difference-in-differences (DID) models on bid-winning and bid-non-winning enterprises, respectively, to evaluate the impact of NCDP policy on their R&amp;D investment. In addition, this study tested the heterogeneity of bid-winning enterprises based on the bid success rate, the decline of drug price, and enterprise size.ResultsThe NCDP policy could encourage chemical pharmaceutical companies to increase R&amp;D investment, but the low bid success rate and excessive drug price reduction would reduce their R&amp;D enthusiasm, especially for small- and medium-sized enterprises.DiscussionIt is suggested that the NCDP policy should be further improved: first, revise the bidding rule of the NCDP policy and increase the bid success rate so that more enterprises can win bids, and second, to solve the problem of excessive drug price reduction, evaluate the rationality of bid-winning prices, and introduce a two-way selection mechanism between medical institutions and supply enterprises. Integrate pharmacoeconomic evaluation into the NCDP rules to form a benign competition among enterprises. Third, attention should be paid to supporting policies for small- and medium-sized enterprises. By increasing procurement volume, shortening payment time limits, and increasing the proportion of advance payments, enterprises’ cash flow shortages can be alleviated, thus achieving fairness and inclusiveness in the implementation of the NCDP policy.
Virtual reality guided focused Sylvian approach for clipping unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms
Authors: Zhang Rui , Hänggi Daniel , Köskemeier Pia , Muhammad Sajjad 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThe increasing prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms, detected through advanced brain imaging, necessitates a cautious approach to surgical intervention, with a focus on minimizing associated risks. This retrospective study explores the safety and better aesthetic outcomes of a Virtual Reality (VR) guided Focused Sylvian Approach (FSA) in comparison to the standard Pterional Surgical Approach (SPA) for the clipping of unruptured small-medium-size (&lt;10 mm) Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) aneurysms.Methods23 patients with 23 unruptured MCA aneurysms underwent the VR-guided FSA from June 2020 to September 2023, while 22 patients with 23 unruptured MCA aneurysms who underwent SPA were retrospectively recruited from the medical records database from January 2017 to May 2020. The comparative analysis involved surgical duration, postoperative complications, hospital stay, and a three-month follow-up patient's sequela survey.ResultsAll aneurysms were effectively treated. The FSA procedure demonstrated a shorter surgical duration compared to the SPA group (164 ± 48 min vs. 196 ± 133 min, P = 0.2974). Despite a slightly higher median age in the FSA group (59 vs. 56 years), the median hospital stay was shorter in the FSA group (6 days) compared to the SPA group (7 days). The SPA group exhibited a higher incidence of complications (17/23) including cephalalgia, scar irritation, scar numbness, and temporal muscle dysfunction, compared to the FSA group (1/23), with a statistical significance of P &lt; 0.05. Although FSA cannot demonstrate significant surgical efficiency in surgical duration and hospitalization, its superior aesthetics and preservation of temporalis muscle function compared to the SPA group.ConclusionThe VR-guided FSA offers improved aesthetics and preservation of muscle function compared to the SPA. Our retrospective study underscores the potential benefits of VR-guided, personalized, focused Sylvian approaches for managing unruptured small-medium-size MCA aneurysms.
Prevalence and Diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi in Triatomine Vectors and Their Blood Meal Sources from South Central Texas, USA
Authors: Kilgore Rebecca J. , Guerra Trina , Beck Heather , Villamizar Gomez Andrea , Forstner Michael R. J. , Hahn Dittmar 
Published: July 2024

The prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi was assessed in 117 triatomine insects from central Texas. The qPCR-based results revealed T. cruzi in 59% of the insects (62 adults and eight nymphs), with overall prevalences of T. cruzi of 0% (0/9), 64% (11/17), 58% (10/17), 73% (30/41), and 57% (19/33) for the Bastrop, Caldwell, Gonzales, Guadalupe, and Hays counties, respectively. Analyses of 18S rRNA fragments confirmed T. cuzi in 81% of these samples. Vectors were identified as Triatoma gerstaeckeri (35% of which 65% were positive for T. cruzi), T. sanguisuga (21%, 43% positive), and Paratriatoma leticularia (0.3%, 100% positive). Food sources were recovered from 29% of the insects. Raccoons were 53% of the blood meals (83% positive for T. cruzi), while the remainder came from a variety of sources, including humans (33% positive), house geckos, Eastern woodrats, plain-bellied water snakes (50% positive), hispid cotton rats (0% positive), chickens (100% positive); Asian forest turtles, bison, and pigs (0% positive). The serendipitous detection of blood meal sources at known minimum distances from the collection of the vector insect enabled us to provide several instances where the insect foraging distance was greater than 400 m. These vector foraging distances are novel information that can assist in our understanding of the landscape dynamics for the spread of the pathogen.
Convergence and Almost Sure Polynomial Stability of Partially Truncated Split-Step Theta Method for Stochastic Pantograph Models with Lévy Jumps
Authors: Abosenna Amr , AlNemer Ghada , Tian Boping 
Published: July 2024

This paper addresses a stochastic pantograph model with Lévy leaps where non-jump coefficients exceed linearity. The partially truncated split-step theta method is introduced and applied to the proposed model. The finite time Lϱ^(ϱ^≥2) convergence rate of the numerical scheme is obtained. Furthermore, the almost sure polynomial stability of the numerical scheme is investigated and numerical examples are presented to endorse the addressed theorems.
Lipids and Fatty Acid Composition Reveal Differences between Durum Wheat Landraces and Modern Cultivars
Authors: Mandrioli Mara , Poggi Giovanni Maria , Cai Giampiero , Faleri Claudia , Maccaferri Marco , Tuberosa Roberto , Aloisi Iris , Toschi Tullia Gallina , Corneti Simona 
Published: July 2024

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) landraces, traditional local varieties representing an intermediate stage in domestication, are gaining attention due to their high genetic variability and performance in challenging environments. While major kernel metabolites have been examined, limited research has been conducted on minor bioactive components like lipids, despite their nutritional benefits. To address this, we analyzed twenty-two tetraploid accessions, comprising modern elite cultivars and landraces, to (i) verify if the selection process for yield-related traits carried out during the Green Revolution has influenced lipid amount and composition; (ii) uncover the extent of lipid compositional variability, giving evidence that lipid fingerprinting effectively identifies evolutionary signatures; and (iii) identify genotypes interesting for breeding programs to improve yield and nutrition. Interestingly, total fat did not correlate with kernel weight, indicating lipid composition as a promising trait for selection. Tri- and di-acylglycerol were the major lipid components along with free fatty acids, and their relative content varied significantly among genotypes. In particular, landraces belonging to T. turanicum and carthlicum ecotypes differed significantly in total lipid and fatty acid profiles. Our findings provide evidence that landraces can be a genetically relevant source of lipid variability, with potential to be exploited for improving wheat nutritional quality.