bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Double Life
Authors: Ungvary David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers an interpretation of Paulinus of Pella’s Eucharisticos Deo sub ephemeridis meae textu, composed at Marseille around the year 460. The text’s first-person autobiographical narrative details Paulinus’s downfall as an Aquitanian aristocrat during barbarian invasions, but culminates in his deliverance from financial hardship in old age. Critics continue to debate the main argument of the Eucharisticos: whether it records a private prayer, or stages a failed aristocrat’s attempt to salvage his public reputation. This chapter attempts to resolve these disputes—and to work through the ambiguities of Paulinus’s “double life” as both proud nobleman and penitent convert—by resetting the Eucharisticos within the competitive world of southern Gallic asceticism. In this context, Paulinus’s endeavor to retell his life as prayer appears especially controversial. In the struggle to define Christian sanctity, questions of how to pray were among the most contentious. By reshaping his lay aristocratic life into versified thanksgiving, Paulinus offered a tendentious solution to these problems. He combined formal strategies of poetic prayer and Christian self-writing pioneered by Ausonius and Augustine, and yet challenged contemporary teachings on the nature of Christian prayer and holiness issued by ascetic experts like Cassian and Salvian.
The participation of foreign counsel in Nigeria-seated arbitration proceedings
Authors: Nweke-Eze Stanley U 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
With the growing reliance on arbitration as a mechanism for settling commercial disputes in Nigeria, the question of whether foreign counsel can represent parties in arbitration proceedings seated in Nigeria where the Arbitration and Mediation Act 2023 (‘AMA’) is adopted as the lex arbitri has become a focal point of legal discourse. This article explores the contrasting legal positions under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1988 (‘ACA’) and the newly enacted AMA. By examining the contrasting provisions of the ACA and the AMA, and their (potential) impact on arbitration proceedings and outcomes, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of the evolving dynamics within Nigeria’s arbitration sphere and provides insights for practitioners, scholars, and policymakers alike.
Sulfonate-functionalized covalent organic frameworks for capacitive deionization
Authors: Jiang Dong , Xu Xingtao , Bando Yoshio , Alshehri Saad M , Eguchi Miharu , Asahi Toru , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Capacitive deionization is an efficient and cost-effective technology for ion removal from brackish water. Here, we demonstrate a sulfonate-functionalized covalent organic framework as a novel faradaic cathode material for capacitive deionization applications. Due to its orderly arranged adsorption units in the covalent organic framework, the resulting covalent organic framework demonstrates a superior sodium cations removal capacity of 19.56 mg g−1 and a maximum desalination rate of 3.15 mg g−1 s−1 in a 500 ppm NaCl solution at 1.2 V.
Black phosphorus quantum dots functionalized with photochromic poly(vinylspiropyran)-grafted polydopamine for transient digital-type memristors
Authors: Zhao Zemiao , Che Qiang , Chen Qian , Wang Kexin , Zhao Kejia , Zhang Chenjian , He Haidong , Wang Xinzhu , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The covalent functionalization of black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) with organic species or polymers will inevitably change or damage their electronic structure and intrinsic structure. To address this problem and explore the application of BPQDs in transient digital-type memristors, a polydopamine (PDA) thin film is first synthesized in situ onto the surface of BPQDs to produce a donor–acceptor-type BPQDs@PDA composite that is directly used to react with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide to give BPQDs@PDA-Br. By using BPQDs@PDA-Br as an atom transfer radical polymerization agent, a large number of polyvinylspiropyran (PSP) chains are in situ grown from the PDA surface to yield BPQDs@PDA-PSP. Upon ultraviolet (UV)–visible light illumination, the 2 isomers of the spiropyran (ring-closed spiropyran form and ring-opened merocyanine) in the PSP moieties will interconvert into each other rapidly. As expected, the as-fabricated indium tin oxide (ITO)/BPQDs@PDA-PSP/ITO device exhibits typical nonvolatile digital-type memristive performance under visible irradiation, with a small turn-on voltage of −1.52 V, a turn-off voltage of +1.16 V, and an ON/OFF ratio current ratio of 1.02 × 104. Upon UV illumination, the information stored in the device is quickly and completely erased within 6 s. By utilizing a simple memristor-based convolutional neural network, one can easily realize handwritten digit recognition. After 10 epochs of training, numeral recognition accuracy can reach up to 96.21%.
Vitamin D therapy in chronic kidney disease: a critical appraisal of clinical trial evidence
Authors: Yeung Wing-Chi G , Toussaint Nigel D , Badve Sunil V 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
In people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the physiology of vitamin D is altered and leads to abnormalities in bone and mineral metabolism which contribute to CKD mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Observational studies show an association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease and fracture in CKD. Although vitamin D therapy is widely prescribed in people with CKD, clinical trials to date have failed to demonstrate a clear benefit of either nutritional vitamin D supplementation or active vitamin D therapy in improving clinical outcomes in CKD. This review provides an updated critical analysis of recent trial evidence on vitamin D therapy in people with CKD.
Can novice teachers detect AI-generated texts in EFL writing?
Authors: De Wilde Vanessa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The introduction of generative artificial intelligence (AI) to the wider public could have a huge impact on EFL learning and teaching. Researchers have voiced concerns that learners might lean too much on technology. Previous studies have investigated the use of AI tools in L2 writing with various populations and found that it was difficult for teachers to detect use of AI and that teachers mainly relied on linguistic strategies to detect AI-generated texts. This paper reports on a qualitative study that investigated whether novice English teachers were able to detect AI-generated writing and which strategies they used to do this. The results show that some novice teachers are quite good at detecting AI-generated texts, while others proved to have more difficulties. The teachers used both linguistic and content-related strategies to detect AI-generated writing. The results point towards the value of including this topic in teaching methodology courses in (initial) teacher training programmes.
Tryptophan transport gene inactivation promotes the development of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli
Authors: Hou Beibei , Song Jianxiao , Wang Huan , Ye Nan , Wang Rui-Wu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Indole serves as a signaling molecule that could regulate different bacterial physiological processes, including antibiotic resistance through biofilm formation and drug efflux pump activity. In Escherichia coli, indole is produced through the tryptophan pathway, which involves three permeases (Mtr, AroP, and TnaB) that can transport the amino acid tryptophan. Although these permeases play distinct roles in the secretion of indole biosynthesis, their impact on multidrug resistance mediated by indole remaines unclear. This study was designed to investigate the connection between the tryptophan transport system and antibiotic resistance by constructing seven gene deletion mutants from E. coli MG1655 (wild type). Our result showed that deletion of the aroP or tnaB gene led to increased antibiotic resistance as evaluated by MICs for different antibiotics. Efflux activity test results revealed that the increased antibiotic resistance was related with the AcrAB-Tolc drug efflux pump in the mutants. The transcriptome analysis further demonstrated that decreased susceptibility to kanamycin and ampicillin in E. coli was accompanied by reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and decreased motility. These findings highlight the substantial influence of the tryptophan transport system on antibiotic resistance in E. coli, which is crucial for developing strategies against antibiotic resistance in bacterial infections.
ADR-2 regulates fertility and oocyte fate in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Erdmann Emily A , Forbes Melanie , Becker Margaret , Perez Sarina , Hundley Heather A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play essential roles in coordinating germline gene expression and development in all organisms. Here, we report that loss of ADR-2, a member of the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA family of RBPs and the sole adenosine-to-inosine RNA-editing enzyme in Caenorhabditis elegans, can improve fertility in multiple genetic backgrounds. First, we show that loss of RNA editing by ADR-2 restores normal embryo production to subfertile animals that transgenically express a vitellogenin (yolk protein) fusion to green fluorescent protein. Using this phenotype, a high-throughput screen was designed to identify RBPs that when depleted yield synthetic phenotypes with loss of adr-2. The screen uncovered a genetic interaction between ADR-2 and SQD-1, a member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein family of RBPs. Microscopy, reproductive assays, and high-throughput sequencing reveal that sqd-1 is essential for the onset of oogenesis and oogenic gene expression in young adult animals and that loss of adr-2 can counteract the effects of loss of sqd-1 on gene expression and rescue the switch from spermatogenesis to oogenesis. Together, these data demonstrate that ADR-2 can contribute to the suppression of fertility and suggest novel roles for both RNA editing–dependent and RNA editing–independent mechanisms in regulating embryogenesis.
High Healthcare Costs in Childhood Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Development of a Prediction Model Using Linked Clinical and Health Administrative Data
Authors: Kuenzig M Ellen , Walters Thomas D , Mack David R , Griffiths Anne M , Duchen Raquel , Bernstein Charles N , Kaplan Gilaad G , Otley Anthony R , El-Matary Wael , Yu Winnie , Wang Xuesong , Guan Jun , Crowley Eileen , Sherlock Mary , Carman Nicholas , Fung Stephen G , Benchimol Eric I 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The incidence of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the costs of caring for individuals with IBD are both increasing. We calculated the direct healthcare costs of pediatric IBD in the first year after diagnosis and developed a model to predict children who would have high costs (top 25th percentile).

Methods
Using data from the Canadian Children IBD Network inception cohort (≤16 years of age, diagnosed between 2013 and 2019) deterministically linked to health administrative data from Ontario, Canada, we estimated direct healthcare and medication costs accrued between 31 and 365 days after diagnosis. Candidate predictors included age at diagnosis, sex, rural/urban residence location, distance to pediatric center, neighborhood income quintile, IBD type, initial therapy, disease activity, diagnostic delay, health services utilization or surgery around diagnosis, regular primary care provider, and receipt of mental health care. Logistic regression with stepwise elimination was used for model building; 5-fold nested cross-validation optimized and improved model accuracy while limiting overfitting.

Results
The mean cost among 487 children with IBD was CA$15 168 ± 15 305. Initial treatment (anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy, aminosalicylates, or systemic steroids), having a mental health care encounter, undergoing surgery, emergency department visit at diagnosis, sex, and age were predictors of increased costs, while having a regular primary care provider was a predictor of decreased costs. The C-statistic for our model was 0.71.

Conclusions
The cost of caring for children with IBD in the first year after diagnosis is immense and can be predicted based on characteristics at diagnosis. Efforts that mitigate rising costs without compromising quality of care are needed.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Severe Peristomal Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Authors: Farkas Bernadett , Ivány Emese , Bálint Anita , Bacsur Peter , Molnár Tamás , Farkas Klaudia 
Published: July 2024

Lay Summary
In this case of a young female, ulcerations around the ileostoma appeared after colectomy and were thought to be due to surgical site infection. Given inadequate treatment, an extensive defect of the abdominal wall developed. Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum was diagnosed, for which ustekinumab was given successfully.
Plasma Immune Biomarkers Predictive of Progression to Active Tuberculosis in Household Contacts of Patients With Tuberculosis
Authors: Rajamanickam Anuradha , Ann Daniel Evangeline , Dasan Bindu , Thiruvengadam Kannan , Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini , Gaikwad Sanjay , Pattabiraman Sathyamurthi , Bhanu Brindha , Sivaprakasam Amsaveni , Kulkarni Vandana , Karyakarte Rajesh , Paradkar Mandar , Shivakumar Shri Vijay Bala Yogendra , Mave Vidya , Gupta Amita , Hanna Luke Elizabeth , Babu Subash 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The progression from Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to active tuberculosis disease varies among individuals, and identifying biomarkers to predict progression is crucial for guiding interventions. In this study, we aimed to determine plasma immune biomarker profiles in healthy household contacts of index patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, who either progressed to tuberculosis or remained as nonprogressors.

Methods
A cohort of household contacts of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis was enrolled, consisting of 15 contacts who progressed to tuberculosis disease and 15 nonprogressors. Plasma samples were collected at baseline, 4 months, and 12 months to identify predictive tuberculosis progression markers.

Results
Our findings revealed that individuals in the progressor group exhibited significantly decreased levels of interferon (IFN) γ, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 2, IL-1α, IL-1β, and 17A, and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) at baseline, month 4, and month 12. In contrast, the progressor group displayed significantly elevated levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, interleukin 6 and 12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and 33 (IL-33), CCL2, CCL11, CXCL8, CXCL10, CX3CL1, vascular endothelial growth factor, granzyme B, and programmed death ligand -1 compared to the nonprogressor group at baseline, months 4 and 12. Receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) identified IFN-γ, GM-CSF, IL-1Ra, CCL2, and CXCL10 as the most promising predictive markers, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of ≥90. Furthermore, combinatorial analysis demonstrated that GM-CSF, CXCL10, and IL-1Ra, when used in combination, exhibited high accuracy in predicting progression to active tuberculosis disease.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that a specific set of plasma biomarkers, GM-CSF, CXCL10, and IL-1Ra, can effectively identify household contacts at significant risk of developing tuberculosis disease. These findings have important implications for early intervention and preventive strategies in tuberculosis-endemic regions.
Silicon supplementation can reduce infestation by azalea lace bug-(Hemiptera: Tingidae)
Authors: Graham Katerina Velasco , Janasov Eric G , Paul Ryan L , Scagel Carolyn F , Lee Jana C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The azalea lace bug (ALB), Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott) (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is a pest of azaleas and rhododendrons. The application of silicon (Si) to plants has been shown to accumulate in other plants and enhance defense to other plant pests. We evaluated whether Si applications decreased ALB infestation on rhododendron leaves and increased Si accumulation in leaves. Potted plants were treated with 4 or 8 weekly applications of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate (calcium control, Ca) via foliar or soil application. In 3 out of 4 choice studies, plants treated with calcium silicate or calcium carbonate had less frass deposition and oviposition by ALB compared to controls, but treated plants did not consistently have fewer ALB adults. Leaf damage was quantified in one study and leaves with more frass as an indicator of feeding had more visible damage. In no-choice studies, there were no differences between treatments in one study, but oviposition was greater on foliar/soil Si-treated plants than controls in another study. Since rhododendron aphids (Illinoia lambersi) appeared in the greenhouse during or after studies, we compared their colonization on previously treated rhododendrons. Infestation of new leaf rosettes or random leaves by I. lambersi was lower on plants sprayed with foliar silicon or calcium applied via soil in 2 studies. Treated rhododendrons did not accumulate extra Si or Ca in leaves compared to controls. In general, silicon or calcium application protected rhododendrons from ALB oviposition and aphid colonization in free-choice conditions, and may be part of an integrated pest management program.
2D acoustic equation prestack reverse-time migration based on an optimized combined compact difference scheme
Authors: Yang Dan , Wang Yong , Gui Zhixian , Chen Zhili , Huang Jiaxin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Reverse-time migration (RTM) is widely regarded as one of the most accurate migration methods available today. A crucial step in RTM involves extending seismic wavefields forward and backward. Compared to the conventional central finite-difference (CFD) scheme, the combined compact difference (CCD) scheme offers several advantages, including a shorter difference operator and the suppression of numerical dispersion under coarse grids. These attributes conserve memory and enhance effectiveness while maintaining the same level of differential precision. In this article, we begin with the five-point eighth-order CCD scheme and utilize the least squares method and Lagrange multiplier method to optimize the difference coefficients. This optimization is guided by the concept of dispersion-relation-preserving (DRP). The result is the acquisition of an optimized combined compact difference (OCCD) scheme, further enhancing the ability to suppress numerical dispersion. We thoroughly compare and analyze dispersion relationships and stability conditions. In addition, we examine several crucial steps in the RTM of the second-order acoustic wave equation. These steps include absorption boundary conditions, boundary storage strategy, and Poynting vector imaging conditions. Finally, we apply both the CCD and OCCD schemes in the RTM of the layered model, graben model, and SEG/EAGE salt model. We compare these results with those obtained from CFD's RTM. Numerical findings demonstrate that, in contrast to the CFD scheme, the CCD scheme effectively suppresses numerical dispersion and enhances imaging accuracy. Moreover, the optimized OCCD scheme further improves the ability to suppress numerical dispersion and can obtain better imaging results, which is an effective RTM method suitable for coarse grid conditions.
(1021) EARLY VS DELAYED INSERTION OF PENILE PROSTHESIS IN PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY PRIAPISM: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Elmarasi Mohamed , Alsaeedi Dr Ahmad , Elmakaty Ibrahim , Elsayed Basel , Khalil Dr Ibrahim A , Aldeeb Dr Maya , Khalafalla Dr Kareim , Al Kubaisi Dr Khalid , Arafa Dr Mohamed , Majzoub Dr Ahmad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes associated with early versus delayed PP implantation in individuals with priapism-induced erectile dysfunction (ED).

Methods
We included studies that focused on refractory priapism leading to ED and its management with PP implantation. We assessed cohort study bias with the risk of bias tool and case series bias with the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a fixed-effect model.

Results
We included nine studies, comprising four cohort studies and five case series, involving a combined total of 278 patients. Total complications were higher in the delayed group (OR 4.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.77 to 6.26). Fibrosis was significantly more pronounced in the delayed PP group, with an OR of 118.18 (95%CI 20.06 to 696.32). The odds of erosion, infections, and penile injury did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups (OR 2.52; 95%CI 0.67 to 9.49), (OR 0.89; 95%CI 0.38 to 2.10), and (OR 1.83; 95%CI 0.79 to 4.26), respectively. Patients' satisfaction resulted in a pooled OR of 0.15 (95%CI 0.04 to 0.49) in favor of the early PP insertion group.

Conclusions
The results from this study favor an early (within 30 days) approach to ED following ischemic priapism. However, it is important to consider patients’ preferences, values, and psychological factors to make an informed decision.

Conflicts of Interest
The authors of this paper declare no conflict of interests associated with this research.
Risk of new tumor, carotid stenosis, and stroke after stereotactic radiosurgery for pituitary tumor: A multicenter study of 2254 patients with imaging follow-up
Authors: Dumot Chloe , Mantziaris Georgios , Dayawansa Sam , Brantley Carson , Lee Cheng-Chia , Yang Huai-Che , Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Mathieu David , Tourigny Jean-Nicolas , Martinez Moreno Nuria , Martinez Alvarez Roberto , Chytka Thomas , Liscak Roman , Speckter Herwin , Lazo Erwin , Brito Anderson , Picozzi Piero , Franzini Andrea , Alzate Juan , Mashiach Elad , Bernstein Kenneth , Kondziolka Douglas , Tripathi Manjul , Bowden Greg N , Warnick Ronald E , Sheehan Darrah , Sheehan Kimball , Fuentes Angelica , Jane John A , Vance Mary Lee , Sheehan Jason P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
A higher risk of secondary brain tumor, carotid stenosis, and stroke has been reported after conventional sella irradiation for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET). Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), which is a more focused approach, is now increasingly used instead. The aim was to assess the risk of secondary brain tumor, carotid stenosis/occlusion, and stroke after SRS.

Methods
In this multicentric retrospective study, 2254 patients with PitNET were studied, 1377 in the exposed group, and 877 in the control group.

Results
There were 9840.1 patient-years at risk for the SRS and 5266.5 for the control group. The 15-year cumulative probability of secondary intracranial tumor was 2.3% (95% CI: 0.5%, 4.1%) for SRS and 3.7% (95% CI: 0%, 8.7%) for the control group (P = .6), with an incidence rate of 1.32 per 1000 and 0.95 per 1000, respectively. SRS was not associated with an increased risk of tumorigenesis when stratified by age (HR: 1.59 [95% CI: 0.57, 4.47], Pp = .38). The 15-year probability of new carotid stenosis/occlusion was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.2, 1.6) in the SRS and 2% (95% CI: 0, 4.4) in the control group (P = .8). The 15-year probability of stroke was 2.6% (95% CI: 0.6%, 4.6%) in the SRS and 11.1% (95% CI: 6%, 15.9%) in the control group (P &lt; .001). In Cox multivariate analysis stratified by age, SRS (HR 1.85 [95% CI:0.64, 5.35], P = .26) was not associated with risk of new stroke.

Conclusions
No increased risk of long-term secondary brain tumor, new stenosis or occlusion, and stroke was demonstrated in the SRS group compared to the control in this study with imaging surveillance.