bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute forearm compartment syndrome following haemodialysis access fistula puncture in uraemia
Authors: Lin Chin‐Ta , Dai Niann‐Tzyy , Chen Shyi‐Gen , Chang Shun‐Cheng 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundAcute compartment syndrome is a well‐described surgical emergency that requires immediate diagnosis and operative intervention. Vascular access‐associated compartment syndrome is rarely reported in haemodialysis patients. The purpose of this article is to document evidence that catheter‐related puncture, which results in arteriovenous fistula injury in uraemia, may cause acute forearm compartment syndrome.MethodsBetween September 2007 and September 2012, five consecutive patients presented to our section with tense swollen forearms with skin blistering, decreased hand sensation and reduced capillary return in the fingers. Their ages ranged from 65 to 81 years (mean 72.8 years). All of the patients underwent emergent exploration after the diagnosis of acute forearm compartment syndrome. The patients' details were reviewed.ResultsThe time interval between dialysis completion and return to the emergency department ranged from 6 to 9 h (mean 7.4 h). During operation, the bleeding was found to originate from the site of the fistula puncture and was repaired with 9‐0 nylon suture under microscopy. After adequate wound care, a reconstructive procedure with a split‐thickness skin graft was performed in all of the five patients. There was no vascular or neurological deficit of the forearm or hand within the mean follow‐up period of 14.8 months (range 12–18 months).ConclusionsIn this series, we report five cases of forearm compartment syndrome in uraemia, secondary to bleeding from a catheter‐related puncture of a haemodialysis access fistula. However, there is no case series that focuses upon this specific topic in the present literature. This problem deserves more attention.
Gill‐derived glands in species of Astyanax (Teleostei: Characidae)
Authors: Terán Guillermo E. , Mangione Susana , Mirande J. Marcos 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe presence of a gill‐derived gland is herein reported for the first time in males of species of Astyanax and related genera; they are described through histological cuts and SEM. The gill‐derived glands described for the Characidae, when fully developed, present a similar structure in different species. The main external feature of gill‐derived glands is the fusion of anteriormost gill filaments on the ventral branch of first gill arch. This fusion is caused by squamous stratified epithelial tissue that covers adjacent filaments, forming a series of chambers. In the region where the gill‐derived gland develops, the secondary lamellae of the gill filaments are much reduced or completely atrophied being characterized by the presence of glandular cells forming nests.
Influence of Amodiaquine on the Antimalarial Activity of Ellagic Acid: Crystallographic and Biological Studies
Authors: Żesławska Ewa , Oleksyn Barbara , Fabre Aude , Benoit‐Vical Françoise 
Published: June 2014

In the search for new antimalarial drugs, design of hybrid molecules is recommended to improve biological activity and to decrease the risk of parasite resistance development. Ellagic acid, as an inhibitor of Plasmodium glutathione, presents an original mode of action and thus appears as a promising antiplasmodial compound. A new complex (AQ–EA) consisting of the well‐known antimalarial drug, amodiaquine, and ellagic acid was obtained. The studied crystal structure of AQ–EA showed that the triclinic centrosymmetrical unit cell of the crystal contains two molecules of amodiaquine (AQ) and two symmetrically independent molecules of ellagic acid (EA). The packing of the molecules in the crystal is dominated by hydrogen bonds between AQ and EA. The antiplasmodial activity of the hybrid complex AQ–EA was also determined and compared with the values of IC50 for AQ and EA separately. Potentiation assays between both molecules were conducted to understand the pharmacological interactions between AQ and EA against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. The hybrid complex AQ–EA (IC50 of 47 nm) showed improved antiplasmodial activity in comparison with EA alone.
Association of dental caries with socioeconomic status in relation to different water fluoridation levels
Authors: Cho Hyun‐Jae , Lee Heung‐Soo , Paik Dai‐Il , Bae Kwang‐Hak 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries in 11‐year‐old children, related to water fluoridation and family affluence scale (FAS), as an indicator of socioeconomic status (SES) in Korea.MethodsA total of eight areas were selected for study: four areas with fluoridated piped water (WF areas) and four areas with nonfluoridated piped water (non‐WF areas). Non‐WF areas had a similar economic level and population size compared with the WF areas. A total of 1446 elementary school students, 11 years of age, were included. They were examined, and questionnaires completed by their parents were analyzed. In the questionnaire, information about gender, FAS as an indicator of SES, occasions of daily cariogenic snack intake, occasions of daily cariogenic beverage intake, drinking of piped water, cooking with piped water, and usage of oral hygiene supplemental measures were surveyed. The bivariate association between the characteristics of the subjects and the number of decayed, filled, and missing permanent teeth (DMFT score) was analyzed through an independent samples t‐test. The difference in the mean DMFT score between different FAS groups was analyzed by DMFT ratio, after adjusting for gender, oral health behaviors, and usage of piped water variables. The DMFT ratio was calculated from a Poisson regression model, because the DMFT score was not normally distributed.ResultsThere was no significant association between FAS and the mean DMFT score in both areas, by bivariate analysis. After adjusting for each group of confounders, a significant association (95% CI: 1.032–1.513) was found between the FAS and mean DMFT scores in non‐WF areas; however, no significant difference was observed in the WF areas (95% CI: 0.766–1.382).ConclusionsThis study supported that water fluoridation could not only lead to a lower prevalence of dental caries, but also help to reduce the effect of SES inequalities on oral health.
Muscle function in Turner syndrome: normal force but decreased power
Authors: Soucek Ondrej , Lebl Jan , Matyskova Jana , Snajderova Marta , Kolouskova Stanislava , Pruhova Stepanka , Hlavka Zdenek , Sumnik Zdenek 
Published: June 2014

SummaryObjectiveAlthough hypogonadism and SHOX gene haploinsufficiency likely cause the decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture rate associated with Turner syndrome (TS), the exact mechanism remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that muscle dysfunction in patients with TS contributes to increased fracture risk. The secondary aim was to determine whether menarche, hormone therapy duration, positive fracture history and genotype influence muscle function parameters in patients with TS.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted in a single university hospital referral centre between March 2012 and October 2013.PatientsSixty patients with TS (mean age of 13·7 ± 4·5 years) were compared to the control group of 432 healthy girls.MeasurementsA Leonardo Mechanograph® Ground Reaction Force Platform was used to assess muscle force (Fmax) by the multiple one‐legged hopping test and muscle power (Pmax) by the single two‐legged jump test.ResultsWhile the Fmax was normal (mean weight‐specific Z‐score of 0·11 ± 0·77, P = 0·27), the Pmax was decreased in patients with TS (Z‐score of −0·93 ± 1·5, P < 0·001) compared with healthy controls. The muscle function parameters were not significantly influenced by menarcheal stage, hormone therapy duration, fracture history or genotype (linear regression adjusted for age, weight and height; P > 0·05 for all).ConclusionFmax, a principal determinant of bone strength, is normal in patients with TS. Previously described changes in bone quality and structure in TS are thus not likely related to inadequate mechanical loading but rather represent a primary bone deficit. A decreased Pmax indicates impaired muscle coordination in patients with TS.
Panorama light‐field imaging
Authors: Birklbauer C. , Bimber O. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present a novel approach to recording and computing panorama light fields. In contrast to previous methods that estimate panorama light fields from focal stacks or naive multi‐perspective image stitching, our approach is the first that processes ray entries directly and does not require depth reconstruction or matching of image features. Arbitrarily complex scenes can therefore be captured while preserving correct occlusion boundaries, anisotropic reflections, refractions, and other light effects that go beyond diffuse reflections of Lambertian surfaces.
Optimizing BRDF orientations for the manipulation of anisotropic highlights
Authors: Raymond Boris , Guennebaud Gaël , Barla Pascal , Pacanowski Romain , Granier Xavier 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper introduces a system for the direct editing of highlights produced by anisotropic BRDFs, which we call anisotropic highlights. We first provide a comprehensive analysis of the link between the direction of anisotropy and the shape of highlight curves for arbitrary object surfaces. The gained insights provide the required ingredients to infer BRDF orientations from a prescribed highlight tangent field. This amounts to a non‐linear optimization problem, which is solved at interactive framerates during manipulation. Taking inspiration from sculpting software, we provide tools that give the impression of manipulating highlight curves while actually modifying their tangents. Our solver produces desired highlight shapes for a host of lighting environments and anisotropic BRDFs.
Self‐similarity for accurate compression of point sampled surfaces
Authors: Digne Julie , Chaine Raphaëlle , Valette Sébastien 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMost surfaces, be it from a fine‐art artifact or a mechanical object, are characterized by a strong self‐similarity. This property finds its source in the natural structures of objects but also in the fabrication processes: regularity of the sculpting technique, or machine tool. In this paper, we propose to exploit the self‐similarity of the underlying shapes for compressing point cloud surfaces which can contain millions of points at a very high precision. Our approach locally resamples the point cloud in order to highlight the self‐similarity of the shape, while remaining consistent with the original shape and the scanner precision. It then uses this self‐similarity to create an ad hoc dictionary on which the local neighborhoods will be sparsely represented, thus allowing for a light‐weight representation of the total surface. We demonstrate the validity of our approach on several point clouds from fine‐arts and mechanical objects, as well as a urban scene. In addition, we show that our approach also achieves a filtering of noise whose magnitude is smaller than the scanner precision.
Thumbnail galleries for procedural models
Authors: Lienhard S. , Specht M. , Neubert B. , Pauly M. , Müller P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractProcedural modeling allows for the generation of innumerable variations of models from a parameterized, conditional or stochastic rule set. Due to the abstractness, complexity and stochastic nature of rule sets, it is often very difficult to have an understanding of the diversity of models that a given rule set defines. We address this problem by presenting a novel system to automatically generate, cluster, rank, and select a series of representative thumbnail images out of a rule set. We introduce a set of ‘view attributes’ that can be used to measure the suitability of an image to represent a model, and allow for comparison of different models derived from the same rule set. To find the best thumbnails, we exploit these view attributes on images of models obtained by stochastically sampling the parameter space of the rule set. The resulting thumbnail gallery gives a representative visual impression of the procedural modeling potential of the rule set. Performance is discussed by means of a number of distinct examples and compared to state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Feedback control for rotational movements in feature space
Authors: Al Borno M. , Fiume E. , Hertzmann A. , de Lasa M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSynthesizing controllers for rotational movements in feature space is an open research problem and is particularly challenging because of the need to precisely regulate the character's global orientation, angular momentum and inertia. This paper presents feature‐based controllers for a wide variety of rotational movements, including cartwheels, dives and flips. We show that the controllers can be made robust to large external disturbances by using a time‐invariant control scheme. The generality of the control laws is demonstrated by providing examples of the flip controller with different apexes, the diving controller with different heights and styles, the cartwheel controller with different speeds and straddle widths, etc. The controllers do not rely on any input motion or offline optimization.
Pathline glyphs
Authors: Hlawatsch M. , Sadlo F. , Jang H. , Weiskopf D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractVisualization of pathlines is common and highly relevant for the analysis of unsteady flow. However, pathlines can intersect, leading to visual clutter and perceptual issues. This makes it intrinsically difficult to provide expressive visualizations of the entire domain by an arrangement of multiple pathlines, in contrast to well‐established streamline placement techniques. We present an approach to reduce these problems. It is inspired by glyph‐based visualization and small multiples: we partition the domain into cells, each corresponding to a downscaled version of the entire domain. Inside these cells, a single downscaled pathline is drawn. On the overview scale, our pathline glyphs lead to emergent visual patterns that provide insight into time‐dependent flow behavior. Zooming‐in allows us to analyze individual pathlines in detail and compare neighboring lines. The overall approach is complemented with a context‐preserving zoom lens and interactive pathline‐based exploration. While we primarily target the visualization of 2D flow, we also address the extension to 3D. Our evaluation includes several examples, comparison to other flow visualization techniques, and a user study with domain experts.
Fate of the buccal bone at implants placed early, delayed, or late after tooth extraction analyzed by cone beam CT: 10‐year results from a randomized, controlled, clinical study
Authors: Schropp Lars , Wenzel Ann , Spin‐Neto Rubens , Stavropoulos Andreas 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimTo present 10‐year cone beam CT (CBCT) data on the fate of buccal bone at single‐tooth implants placed early, delayed, or late after tooth extraction.Material and methodsSixty‐three of 72 patients, originally randomly allocated to three equal‐size groups, received a single‐tooth implant on average 10 days (Ea; N = 22), 3 months (De; N = 22), or 1.5 years (La; N = 19) after tooth extraction. Healing abutments were mounted after a 3‐month period of submerged healing and metalceramic crowns were cemented after one additional month. At the second stage surgery, presence of buccal bone defects (dehiscences or intrabony) and their dimensions were registered. CBCT scans recorded with a Scanora® 3D unit and standardized periapical (PA) radiographs of the implants were obtained at the 10‐year control. Interproximal bone levels (i.e., the distance from the implant platform to the first bone‐to‐implant contact; BIC) measured in CBCT image sections and PA were compared, and the buccal bone level was determined in the CBCT images.ResultsTwo Ea and one De implants failed to osseointegrate. Forty‐nine patients attended the 10‐year control and due to poor quality of 5 CBCT scans, useful CBCT images were available from 44 patients (Ea:12, De:17, La:15). No significant differences between CBCT and PA images in measurements of the interproximal bone levels were observed. Ten years after implant placement, BIC at the buccal aspect was located on average 2 mm apically to the implant platform (2.39 ± 1.06 mm [median = 2.36] for Ea, 2.22 ± 0.99 mm [median = 2.16] for De, and 1.85 ± 0.65 mm [median = 1.95] for La implants) with no significant difference among the groups (P = 0.20). Mean buccal bone level (bBL) for implants with an intrabony or a dehiscence defect at second stage surgery was 2.51 ± 1.12 mm [median = 2.70] and 2.84 ± 0.70 mm [median = 2.79], respectively, while 1.78 ± 0.74 mm [median = 1.93] for the implants with no defect. The difference in bBL between the implants without a defect and those with a dehiscence was significant at 10 years (P = 0.0005).ConclusionTime of placement of single‐tooth implants after tooth extraction did not significantly influence the peri‐implant buccal bone level, while presence of a buccal bone dehiscence at second stage surgery resulted in significantly more apically located BIC buccally at 10 years.
Endothelium‐dependent vasodilation predicts the development of the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Lind Lars 
Published: May 2014

SummaryBackgroundDifferent techniques to evaluate endothelium‐dependent vasodilation (EDV) in resistance and conduit arteries have been described and have been associated with the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in cross‐sectional studies. This study aimed to evaluate whether EDV in resistance and conduit arteries could predict future development of the MetS in the Prospective Study of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study.MethodsIn the population‐based PIVUS study (1016 subjects all aged 70 at baseline), the invasive forearm technique with acetylcholine given in the brachial artery (resistance arteries, EDV) and the brachial artery ultrasound technique with the measurement of flow‐mediated dilatation (conduit artery, FMD) were evaluated. Six hundred and twenty‐four subjects free of the MetS (NCEP/ATPIII criteria) at the age of 70 were reinvestigated at the age of 75.ResultsDuring the 5‐year follow‐up, 109 new subjects developed the MetS. EDV, but not FMD, predicted the development of the MetS (OR 0·78 for a 1 SD increase in EDV, 95%CI 0·62–0·97, P = 0·033). Of the five components of the MetS, EDV could significantly predict the development of the glucose (P = 0·02), waist circumference (P = 0·01) and the triglyceride components (P = 0·002), but not significantly so the HDL (P = 0·09) and blood pressure components (P = 0·92).ConclusionsEDV in resistance arteries, but not in the brachial conduit artery (FMD), was a predictor of future development of the MetS, mainly by prediction of future impairments in fasting glucose, serum triglycerides and waist circumference in an elderly cohort.
The nature and extent of child protection involvement among heroin‐using mothers in treatment: High rates of reports, removals at birth and children in care
Authors: Taplin Stephanie , Mattick Richard P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIntroduction and AimsA substantial proportion of women in treatment for substance use problems are mothers of dependent children, but only a small number of studies have explored the nature and extent of their child protection involvement with substance‐using mothers themselves.Design and MethodsA large sample of mothers on the opioid treatment program (OTP) in Sydney, Australia, were interviewed. This paper describes their characteristics, the extent and nature of their involvement with the child protection system, the parenting‐related interventions provided and their views of their own parenting.ResultsThe 171 mothers were disadvantaged and marginalised and had 302 children under the age of 16 years, 99 of whom were in out‐of‐home care. Nearly half the children in care (n = 42) had been removed at the time of their birth, and half (n = 49) had been removed from a mother who was on an OTP at the time. Among the younger children (age 1–2 years), higher proportions had been removed at birth than among the older children. None of the 32 mothers who had a child removed at birth and then gave birth subsequently retained care of their new baby. Women often chose to enter treatment (63.6%) for child‐related reasons (35%) and attempted to shield their children from their substance use. Few health services were provided to them outside the availability of OTP.Discussion and ConclusionsEntering treatment presents an opportunity for improving outcomes for these women and their children and to reduce future involvement with the child protection system.[Taplin S, Mattick RP. The nature and extent of child protection involvement among heroin‐using mothers in treatment: High rates of reports, removals at birth and children in care. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015;34:31–37]
European Non‐native Species in Aquaculture Risk Analysis Scheme – a summary of assessment protocols and decision support tools for use of alien species in aquaculture
Authors: Copp G. H. , Russell I. C. , Peeler E. J. , Gherardi F. , Tricarico E. , Macleod A. , Cowx I. G. , Nunn A. D. , Occhipinti‐Ambrogi A. , Savini D. , Mumford J. , Britton J. R. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe European Non‐native Species in Aquaculture Risk Analysis Scheme (ENSARS) was developed in response to European ‘Council Regulation No. 708/2007 of 11 June 2007 concerning use of alien and locally absent species in aquaculture’ to provide protocols for identifying and evaluating the potential risks of using non‐native species in aquaculture. ENSARS is modular in structure and adapted from non‐native species risk assessment schemes developed by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation and for the UK. Seven of the eight ENSARS modules contain protocols for evaluating the risks of escape, introduction to and establishment in open waters, of any non‐native aquatic organism being used (or associated with those used) in aquaculture, that is, transport pathways, rearing facilities, infectious agents, and the potential organism, ecosystem and socio‐economic impacts. A concluding module is designed to summarise the risks and consider management options. During the assessments, each question requires the assessor to provide a response and confidence ranking for that response based on expert opinion. Each module can also be used individually, and each requires a specific form of expertise. Therefore, a multidisciplinary assessment team is recommended for its completion.