bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pivotal role of clinical tutorial teaching in knowledge construction
Authors: Gonzalez Oneto Humberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudents' new knowledge is gradually built up in the context of the task for which it is required and consolidated by applying it to clinical cases. As students see more and more clinical cases the knowledge emerges from an associative mesh of different levels of understanding. During tutorial clinical teaching, residents should be gradually exposed to an increasing range of real‐world learning tasks and increasing levels of complexity. This exposure allows them to gradually develop shortcuts in the retrieval of their knowledge. This commentary provides a rationale for the construction of knowledge and the pivotal role that clinical tutorial teaching plays in this task.
An automated sleep staging tool based on simple statistical features of mice electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) data
Authors: Yamada Rikuhiro G. , Matsuzawa Kyoko , Ode Koji L. , Ueda Hiroki R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) are fundamental tools in sleep research. However, investigations into the statistical properties of rodent EEG/EMG signals in the sleep–wake cycle have been limited. The lack of standard criteria in defining sleep stages forces researchers to rely on human expertise to inspect EEG/EMG. The recent increasing demand for analysing large‐scale and long‐term data has been overwhelming the capabilities of human experts. In this study, we explored the statistical features of EEG signals in the sleep–wake cycle. We found that the normalized EEG power density profile changes its lower and higher frequency powers to a comparable degree in the opposite direction, pivoting around 20–30 Hz between the NREM sleep and the active brain state. We also found that REM sleep has a normalized EEG power density profile that overlaps with wakefulness and a characteristic reduction in the EMG signal. Based on these observations, we proposed three simple statistical features that could span a 3D space. Each sleep–wake stage formed a separate cluster close to a normal distribution in the 3D space. Notably, the suggested features are a natural extension of the conventional definition, making it useful for experts to intuitively interpret the EEG/EMG signal alterations caused by genetic mutations or experimental treatments. In addition, we developed an unsupervised automatic staging algorithm based on these features. The developed algorithm is a valuable tool for expediting the quantitative evaluation of EEG/EMG signals so that researchers can utilize the recent high‐throughput genetic or pharmacological methods for sleep research.
The human‐specific nicotinic receptor subunit CHRFAM7A reduces α7 receptor function in human induced pluripotent stem cells‐derived and transgenic mouse neurons
Authors: Görgülü Ilayda , Jagannath Vinita , Pons Stephanie , Koniuszewski Filip , Groszer Matthias , Maskos Uwe , Huck Sigismund , Scholze Petra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe investigated the impact of the human‐specific gene CHRFAM7A on the function of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChRs) in two different types of neurons: human‐induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived cortical neurons, and superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons, taken from transgenic mice expressing CHRFAM7A. dupα7, the gene product of CHRFAM7A, which lacks a major part of the extracellular N‐terminal ligand‐binding domain, co‐assembles with α7, the gene product of CHRNA7. We assessed the receptor function in hiPSC‐derived cortical and SCG neurons with Fura‐2 calcium imaging and three different α7‐specific ligands: PNU282987, choline, and 4BP‐TQS. Given the short‐lived open state of α7 receptors, we combined the two orthosteric agonists PNU282987 and choline with the type‐2 positive allosteric modulator (PAM II) PNU120596. In line with different cellular models used previously, we demonstrate that CHRFAM7A has a major impact on nicotinic α7 nAChRs by reducing calcium transients in response to all three agonists.
Gender and resources' role in parents' time with children in South Korea and the United States
Authors: Kramer Karen Z. , Gong Qiujie , Bae Hanjin , Şahin Esra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveParental time with children varies across cultures but has mostly been studied in a European context. In this paper we estimate whether the association of work and gender with parental allocation of time is different in South Korea and the United States.BackgroundWe suggest that household level characteristics are associated with the time parents spend with their children, but that these associations are more gendered in South Korea than in the United States.MethodWe used data from the 2003–2018 American Time Use Survey (n = 38,562) and 2004–2014 Korean Time Use Survey (n = 12,828). Using ordinary least squares, we estimated the association of the intersection of gender and work in predicting parental time with children.ResultsGender is an important factor in time allocation in South Korea, where education was positively associated and working hours were negatively associated with mothers', but not fathers', time spent with their children. In the United States, resources and work have a dominant role, as both parents tend to spend more time with their children if they have higher education and income and work fewer hours.ConclusionIn South Korea, a gendered regime is associated with the allocation of parental time only; mothers are influenced by their spouses' time allocation and resources. The United States follows a trade‐off regime, where resources are associated with time spent with children, whereas gender plays a smaller role in parental time allocation.ImplicationsStudying parental time allocation should account for the intertwined relationship of culture, resources, and gender.
Preparation and characterization of foamed ceramics from silicomanganese and fluorgypsum waste
Authors: Dong Xiongwei , Han Fenglan , Li Ning , Dong Fuyuan , Liu Haipeng , Neng Yu , Li Maohui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐strength foamed ceramics were synthesized employing silicon‐manganese slag (SM) and fluorgypsum (FG) as raw materials, with SiC serving as the foaming agent. Investigations into the influence of firing temperature and FG content on the phase structure, microstructure, and physical properties of foam ceramics were conducted. Characterization of the samples was performed through X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that an increase in FG content lowers the matrix melting point, promotes crystal growth, enhances compressive strength, and forms a uniform pore structure. At an FG content of 11%, ceramics prepared at a firing temperature of 1130°C exhibit a density of 0.56 g/cm3, porosity of 78.45%, and compressive strength of 3.05 MPa. This study explores the use of FG as a cost‐effective alternative to borax, demonstrating a sustainable approach for foam ceramics preparation using silicomanganese slag and FG synergy.
Transfer of internationally qualified nurses’ specialty skills to developed countries after immigration: A multicentre policy review
Authors: Kurup Chanchal , Burston Adam Scott , Betihavas Vasiliki , Jacob Elisabeth Ruth 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundInternationally qualified nurses are highly sought after as a labour source due to continued shortages in the nursing profession in most developed countries. However, the lack of clear policies and procedures for nurses in the host country to use specialty nursing skills can result in the underutilisation of their expertise.ObjectivesTo review the registration processes of internationally qualified nurses in 20 developed countries, with a focus on the transferability of specialised skills gained overseas.MethodsA multicentre policy review design was used, using the STROBE reporting guidelines. The study sourced policy information from nurse registration bodies in developed countries and reviewed and removed redundant policies.ResultsOut of 34 policies initially identified, 26 were used to show the registration process of nurses after immigration to developed countries. Only four of the 20 countries reviewed indicated the option of specialised nurse registration on their website for internationally qualified nurses, with a university qualification required before years of experience. All other countries indicated the general registration pathway only.Implications for nursing policyMore attention is needed to address the lack of well‐defined policies that guide the utilisation of internationally qualified nurses' specialised skills. Transparent procedures are essential to fully benefit from their expertise in the host country's health workforce.
Site‐initiated adaptations in the implementation of an evidence‐based inpatient walking program
Authors: Hughes Jaime M. , Choate Ashley L. , Meyer Cassie , Kappler Caitlin B. , Wang Virginia , Allen Kelli D. , Van Houtven Courtney H. , Hastings S. Nicole , Zullig Leah L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing recognition of the importance of maximizing program‐setting fit in scaling and spreading effective programs. However, in the context of hospital‐based mobility programs, there is limited information on how settings could consider local context and modify program characteristics or implementation activities to enhance fit. To fill this gap, we examined site‐initiated adaptations to STRIDE, a hospital‐based mobility program for older Veterans, at eight Veterans Affairs facilities across the United States.MethodsSTRIDE was implemented at eight hospitals in a stepped‐wedge cluster randomized trial. During the pre‐implementation phase, sites were encouraged to adapt program characteristics to optimize implementation and align with their hospital's resources, needs, and culture. Recommended adaptations included those related to staffing models, marketing, and documentation. To assess the number and types of adaptations, multiple data sources were reviewed, including implementation support notes from site‐level support calls and group‐based learning collaborative sessions. Adaptations were classified based on the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications‐Enhanced (FRAME), including attention to what was adapted, when, why, and by whom. We reviewed the number and types of adaptations across sites that did and did not sustain STRIDE, defined as continued program delivery during the post‐implementation period.ResultsA total of 25 adaptations were reported and classified across seven of the eight sites. Adaptations were reported across five areas: program documentation (n = 13), patient eligibility criteria (n = 5), program enhancements (n = 3), staffing model (n = 2), and marketing and recruitment (n = 2). More than one‐half of adaptations were planned. Adaptations were common in both sustaining and non‐sustaining sites.ConclusionsAdaptations were common within a program designed with flexible implementation in mind. Identifying common areas of planned and unplanned adaptations within a flexible program such as STRIDE may contribute to more efficient and effective national scaling. Future research should evaluate the relationship between adaptations and program implementation.
Gaps in the coordination of care for people living with dementia
Authors: Kern Lisa M. , Riffin Catherine , Phongtankuel Veerawat , Aucapina Joselyne E. , Banerjee Samprit , Ringel Joanna B. , Tobin Jonathan N. , Fisseha Semhar , Meiri Helena , Bell Sigall K. , Casale Paul N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne‐third of people living with dementia (PLWD) have highly fragmented care (i.e., care spread across many ambulatory providers without a dominant provider). It is unclear whether PLWD with fragmented care and their caregivers perceive gaps in communication among the providers involved and whether any such gaps are perceived as benign inconveniences or as clinically meaningful, leading to adverse events. We sought to determine the frequency of perceived gaps in communication (coordination) among providers and the frequency of self‐reported adverse events attributed to poor coordination.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study in the context of a Medicare accountable care organization (ACO) in New York in 2022–2023. We included PLWD who were attributed to the ACO, had fragmented care in the past year by claims (reversed Bice‐Boxerman Index ≥0.86), and were in a pragmatic clinical trial on care management. We used an existing survey instrument to determine perceptions of care coordination and perceptions of four adverse events (repeat tests, drug–drug interactions, emergency department visits, and hospital admissions). ACO care managers collected data by telephone, using clinical judgment to determine whether each survey respondent was the patient or a caregiver. We used descriptive statistics to summarize results.ResultsOf 167 eligible PLWD, surveys were completed for 97 (58.1%). Of those, 88 (90.7%) reported having >1 ambulatory visit and >1 ambulatory provider and were thus at risk for gaps in care coordination and included in the analysis. Of those, 23 respondents were patients (26.1%) and 64 were caregivers (72.7%), with one respondent's role missing. Overall, 57% of respondents reported a problem (or “gap”) in the coordination of care and, separately, 18% reported an adverse event that they attributed to poor care coordination.ConclusionGaps in coordination of care for PLWD are reported to be very common and often perceived as hazardous.
Deriving material composition of products using life cycle inventory databases
Authors: Amatuni Levon , Steubing Bernhard , Heijungs Reinout , Yamamoto Tales , Mogollón José M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the detailed material composition of the various industrial and consumer products is essential for implementing efficient recycling practices and policies, conducting material flow analyses, and facilitating a transition toward a circular economy. However, existing data sources are limited in their product and material coverage. Currently, no source or methodology allows such data to be obtained in a relatively uniform, updated, and accessible manner across a diverse range of products. This work presents an approach that allows estimating the material composition of thousands of products using available life cycle inventory (LCI) databases. Methodologically, this is implemented by splitting the physical flows that describe supply chains in LCI databases into “incorporated” and “not incorporated” fractions using an incorporation parameter. Building primarily on existing matrix‐based life cycle assessment calculations, this approach can be used to calculate the material content of products. A generally applicable mathematical model, as well as a ready‐to‐use software, is presented for future practitioners. To demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method, a case study involving three metals and plastic in three consumer goods has been conducted based on the ecoinvent database. Our method delivered accurate material content estimates (i.e., weight fractions of materials in products) with an average relative error of 26% and an absolute error of 1.1% (between our estimates and existing values).
Simian retrovirus transmission in rhesus macaques
Authors: Nham Peter , Halley Bryson , Van Rompay Koen K. A. , Roberts Jeffrey , Yee JoAnn 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHistorically, to generate Simian Retrovirus (SRV) positive control materials, we performed in vivo passage by inoculating uninfected rhesus macaques with whole blood from an SRV‐1 infected (antibody and PCR positive) macaque. However, recent attempts using this approach have failed. This study reports observations and explores why it has become more difficult to transmit SRV via in vivo passage.
Arachidonic acid metabolism regulates the development of retinopathy of prematurity among preterm infants
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Patnaik Satish , Joshi Manjunath B. , Sharma Neha , Kaur Tarandeep , Jalali Subhadra , Kekunnaya Ramesh , Mahajan Aatish , Chakrabarti Subhabrata , Kaur Inderjeet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtremely preterm infants are at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), characterized by neovascularization and neuroinflammation leading to blindness. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation is recommended in preterm infants to lower the risk of ROP, however, with no significant improvement in visual acuity. Reasonably, this could be as a result of the non‐consideration of PUFA metabolizing enzymes. We hypothesize that abnormal metabolism of the arachidonic acid (AA) pathway may contribute to severe stages of ROP. The present study investigated the AA‐metabolizing enzymes in ROP pathogenesis by a targeted gene expression analysis of blood (severe ROP = 70, No/Mild = 56), placenta (preterm placenta = 6, full term placenta = 3), and human primary retinal cell cultures and further confirmed at the protein level by performing IHC in sections of ROP retina. The lipid metabolites were identified by LC–MS in the vitreous humor (VH; severe ROP = 15, control = 15). Prostaglandins D2 (p = 0.02), leukotrienes B5 (p = 0.0001), 11,12‐epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (p = 0.01), and lipid‐metabolizing enzymes of the AA pathway such as CYP1B1, CYP2C8, COX2, and ALOX15 were significantly upregulated while EPHX2 was significantly (0.04) downregulated in ROP cases. Genes involved in hypoxic stress, angiogenesis, and apoptosis showed increased expression in ROP. An increase in the metabolic intermediates generated from the AA metabolism pathway further confirmed the role of these enzymes in ROP, while metabolites for EPHX2 activity were low in abundance. Inflammatory lipid intermediates were higher compared to anti‐inflammatory lipids in VH and showed an association with enzyme activity. Both the placenta of preterm infants who developed ROP and hypoxic retinal cultures showed a reduced expression of EPHX2. These findings suggested a strong involvement of EPHX2 in regulating retinal neovascularization and inflammation. The study results underscore the role of arachidonic acid metabolism in the development of ROP and as a potential target for preventing vision loss among preterm‐born infants.image
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and risk of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Liu Xinyuan , Xue Huiwen , Wirdefeldt Karin , Song Huan , Smedby Karin , Fang Fang , Liu Qianwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known regarding the association between clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and risk of neurodegenerative diseases.ObjectiveTo estimate the risk of neurodegenerative diseases among individuals with CHIP.MethodsWe conducted a community‐based cohort study based on UK Biobank and used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of any neurodegenerative disease, subtypes of neurodegenerative diseases (including primary neurodegenerative diseases, vascular neurodegenerative diseases, and other neurodegenerative diseases), and specific diagnoses of neurodegenerative diseases (i.e., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [ALS], Alzheimer's disease [AD], and Parkinson's disease [PD]) associated with CHIP.ResultsWe identified 14,440 individuals with CHIP and 450,907 individuals without CHIP. Individuals with CHIP had an increased risk of any neurodegenerative disease (HR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01–1.19). We also observed a statistically significantly increased risk for vascular neurodegenerative diseases (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.05–1.63) and ALS (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05–2.15). An increased risk was also noted for other neurodegenerative diseases (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.97–1.32), although not statistically significant. Null association was noted for primary neurodegenerative diseases (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96–1.17), AD (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.88–1.23), and PD (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.86–1.21). The risk increase in any neurodegenerative disease was mainly observed for DNMT3A‐mutant CHIP, ASXL1‐mutant CHIP, or SRSF2‐mutant CHIP.ConclusionIndividuals with CHIP were at an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, primarily vascular neurodegenerative diseases and ALS, but potentially also other neurodegenerative diseases. These findings suggest potential shared mechanisms between CHIP and neurodegenerative diseases.
Melatonin Increases Root Cell Wall Phosphorus Reutilization via an NO Dependent Pathway in Rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Gao Yong Qiang , Guo Rui , Wang Hao Yu , Sun Jie Ya , Chen Chang Zhao , Hu Die , Zhong Chong Wei , Jiang Meng Meng , Shen Ren Fang , Zhu Xiao Fang , Huang Jiu 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMelatonin (MT) has been implicated in the plant response to phosphorus (P) stress; however, the precise molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study investigated whether MT controls internal P distribution and root cell wall P remobilization in rice. Rice was treated with varying MT and P levels and analyzed using biochemical and molecular techniques to study phosphorus utilization. The results demonstrated that low P levels lead to a rapid increase in endogenous MT levels in rice roots. Furthermore, the exogenous application of MT significantly improved rice tolerance to P deficiency, as evidenced by the increased biomass and reduced proportion of roots to shoots under P‐deficient conditions. MT application also mitigated the decrease in P content regardless in both the roots and shoots. Mechanistically, MT accelerated the reutilization of P, particularly in the root pectin fraction, leading to increased soluble P liberation. In addition, MT enhanced the expression of OsPT8, a gene involved in root‐to‐shoot P translocation. Furthermore, we observed that MT induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) in P‐deficient rice roots and that the mitigating effect of MT on P deficiency was compromised in the presence of the NO inhibitor, c‐PTIO, implying that NO is involved in the MT‐facilitated mitigation of P deficiency in rice. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of MT as a promising strategy for enhancing rice tolerance to P deficiency and improving P use efficiency in agricultural practices.
Fueling innovation management research: Future directions and five forward‐looking paths
Authors: Spanjol Jelena , Noble Charles H. , Baer Markus , Bogers Marcel L. A. M. , Bohlmann Jonathan , Bouncken Ricarda B. , Bstieler Ludwig , De Luca Luigi M. , Garcia Rosanna , Gemser Gerda , Grewal Dhruv , Hoegl Martin , Kuester Sabine , Kumar Minu , Lee Ruby , Mahr Dominik , Nakata Cheryl , Ordanini Andrea , Rindfleisch Aric , Seidel Victor P. , Sorescu Alina , Verganti Roberto , Wetzels Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch about innovation management explores how the future is created—who is creating it (organizations, collaborations, etc.), for what aims (customer satisfaction, market performance, etc.), and with what broader effects (social, environmental, etc.). With this extended essay, we explore the potential futures of innovation management research in three ways. First, we briefly review the history of past research agendas and priorities published in the Journal of Product Innovation Management (JPIM), highlighting three broad topic areas (technological, social/environmental, and organizational) that have emerged over time and their potential disruptive implications for innovation management research. Second, we describe the outcome of a gathering of leading scholars in innovation management tasked with the challenge of identifying critical research paths for our field. This collaboration resulted in five “deep dive” essays into areas ripe for innovation management research in the years ahead: liquid innovation, artificial intelligence in innovation, business model innovation, public value innovation, and responsible innovation. Third, we reflect on this expansive effort and offer a discussion of implications (tensions, challenges, and opportunities) for future innovation management scholarship.