bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photodissociation spectra of single trapped CaOH+ molecular ions
Authors: Wu Zhenlin , Walser Stefan , Podlesnic Verena , Isaza-Monsalve Mariano , Mattivi Elyas , Mu Guanqun , Nardi René , Gniewek Piotr , Tomza Michał , Furey Brandon J. , Schindler Philipp 
Published: July 2024

Molecular ions that are generated by chemical reactions with trapped atomic ions can serve as an accessible testbed for developing molecular quantum technologies. On the other hand, they are also a hindrance to scaling up quantum computers based on atomic ions, as unavoidable reactions with background gases destroy the information carriers. Here, we investigate the single- and two-photon dissociation processes of single CaOH+ molecular ions co-trapped in Ca+ ion crystals using a femtosecond laser system. We report the photodissociation cross section spectra of CaOH+ for single-photon processes at λ = 245–275 nm and for two-photon processes at λ = 500–540 nm. Measurements are interpreted with quantum-chemical calculations, which predict the photodissociation threshold for CaOH+ → Ca+ + OH at 265 nm. This result can serve as a basis for dissociation-based spectroscopy for studying the internal structure of CaOH+. The result also gives a prescription for recycling Ca+ ions in large-scale trapped Ca+ quantum experiments from undesired CaOH+ ions formed in the presence of background water vapor.
Using a patient-reported outcome measure to assess quality of life at Western Sydney Sexual Health Centre
Authors: Mason E. , Lewis D. A. , Zablotska I. , Tomlins L. 
Published: July 2024

Background Attaining a good quality of life (QOL) is a priority for people living with HIV (PLHIV). We explored the interaction between QOL and the associated demographic, behavioural and clinical factors for PLHIV attending an outer-metropolitan clinical setting in Western Sydney, Australia. The clinic’s cohort of PLHIV is characterised by relatively high proportions of women, heterosexual men, and patients from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities. Methods We assessed QOL using the PozQol tool that is specifically designed for PLHIV. QOL scores and de-identified socio-demographic and clinical data were extracted from the electronic and paper medical records of PLHIV who completed a PozQol tool (September 2020–March 2022). We performed descriptive analyses and logistic regression to identify associations. Results Among 188 patients, there were 77.7% men, 21.3% women, 1.1% transwomen; 67.0% were born overseas, 85.1% spoke English, 84.4% were Medicare-eligible, 85.9% were employed, 58.5% were diagnosed with HIV 6–20 years ago, and 33.0% within the past 5 years. Overall, 58.0% had a high or very high QOL. A low score in any domain was associated with Medicare-ineligibility. Low QOL scores in specific domains were associated with the following factors: health (being born overseas, having partners of both sexes), psychological (unemployment, having a mental health condition, having a viral load >20 copies/mL), social (unemployment), and functional (Medicare-eligibility, unemployment, having a viral load >20 copies/mL). Conclusions The PozQol tool has enhanced understanding of factors impacting on QOL for PLHIV attending our service in Western Sydney. Identifying patients with low QOL scores allows targeted clinical interventions to improve QOL, and re-alignment of clinical services to better support PLHIV.
Active vibration control of gearbox housing using inertial mass actuators
Authors: Okda Sherif , Nampally Sneha Rupa , Fontana Mauro , Herold Sven , Nordmann Rainer , Rinderknecht Stephan , Melz Tobias 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Reducing carbon emissions is a primary goal in the global effort to combat climate change. Decreasing the weight of a vehicle improves efficiency and significantly reduces emissions. One of the main contributors to the vehicle’s weight is the gearbox. However, this approach presents a challenge as lightweight transmission systems experience higher vibrations and noise emission levels. In this paper, an economical active vibration control system is developed to control the vibration levels of an automotive gearbox housing. The gearbox’s mounting points are targeted to reduce the transmitted vibrations to the car cabin. The active control system aims to target high-frequency vibrations between 1000 Hz and 5000 Hz. A compact piezoelectric inertial mass actuator is designed and tested on a gearbox-constructed setup that simulates the vibrations and noise similar to a commercial automotive transmission system. The developed test-rig is excited by a piezo stack actuator at the input shaft. Filtered-x least mean square algorithm is implemented on a high-speed microcontroller, and the vibration levels are significantly reduced using the active system. An average reduction of approximately 8.5 dB is achieved between 1000 Hz and 1500 Hz, an average reduction of approximately 14 dB is obtained between 1500 and 2000 Hz, and an average reduction of 10.8 dB is attained between 2500 and 5000 Hz.
Research on wireless monitoring system and algorithms for preload force utilizing machine learning and electromechanical impedance
Authors: Dong Zhiqiang , Xia Luhao , Feng Jinpeng , Zhu Hong , Chen Dongdong , Zou Yiqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The root mean square deviation is a common way to measure the electromechanical impedance of piezoceramic transducers that are used for traditional preload monitoring. However, due to the impedance signal’s high sensitivity to temperature, most current research is carried out under the same temperature conditions to avoid its effects. Even so, it is impossible to ignore the temperature factor in practical engineering, which hinders the application of impedance technology. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach for preload monitoring in actual engineering: using a wireless impedance signal acquisition platform to collect long-distance impedance signals and then establishing a predicted model based on machine learning (ML) considering the temperature. The wireless impedance signal acquisition platform includes a smart washer, a piezoelectric impedance wireless sensing device, and the host computer software. This test established a dataset under various operating conditions and developed a machine-learning-based predictive model. After comparing five typical ML algorithms, it was discovered that XGBoost performed better in prediction accuracy and generalization ability. Moreover, the Shapley additive explanation method is utilized to further analyze and interpret the XGBoost model. It indicates that ML primarily relies on numerical features (such as the area of each subinterval) to identify the impedance signal and predict the prestress, whereas information features (such as temperature value, peak, etc.) have little influence on the model’s output. Finally, the results above demonstrate that the ML-based models can predict the preload at different temperatures, effectively reducing temperature interference.
First-principles quantum analysis of structural, optoelectronic, and thermophysical properties of Co/Ni doped ceria Ce1−xTmxO2 (Tm=Co, Ni) for solar cell applications
Authors: Mirza Shafaat Hussain , Abbas Zeesham , Parveen Amna , Shaikh Shoyebmohamad F 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The properties of CeO2 thin films, such as their memory store capabilities, visual transparency, chemical and thermal durability, adjustable energy band topologies, and high oxygen storage capacity have captured the attention of scientists. The energy band dispersions for Ce1−xTmxO2 (Tm = Co, Ni; x = 12.5%) are calculated to get insight into the characteristics of the materials under investigation. The anticipated energy bandgaps for Ce1−xCoxO2 and Ce1−xNixO2 are 2.6 and 2.7 eV, respectively, in the spin ↑ channel. However, both compounds show metallic character in inspin ↓ channel. The phenomena of photon absorption/dispersion by the host materials can be elucidated using dielectric function

ε

ω

of Ce1−xTmxO2 (Tm = Co, Ni; x = 12.5%). Significant photon absorption can be noted in UV and IR regions for Ce1−xTmxO2 (Tm = Co, Ni; x = 12.5%) in spin ↑ and spin ↓ channels, respectively. Ce1−xTmxO2 (Tm = Co, Ni; x = 12.5%) exhibits a minimal photon reflection, approximately 15%. Ce1−xNixO2 shows excellent thermoelectric characteristics as its ZT value is high (1.8 at 1000K) compared to Ce1−xCoxO2. Based on their thermodynamic properties, Ce1−xTmxO2 (Tm = Co, Ni; x = 12.5%) are thermodynamically stable compounds.
Mixed convective magneto flow of nanofluid for the Sutterby fluid containing micro-sized selfpropelled microorganisms with chemical reaction: Keller box analysis
Authors: Ali Farhan , Kamal Mustafa , Faizan M , Zafar S S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The current work aims to scrutinize the bioconvection Sutterby nanofluid flow of the Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux over a rotating disk. The effects of thermophoresis and Brownian motion receive considerable consideration. The process of analyzing heat and mass transfer phenomena involves taking into account the impacts of thermal radiation and chemical reactions that are susceptible to convective boundary conditions. Firstly, we reduce the PDEs of the physical model to ODEs through alter transformation and then numerically solved the transformed ODEs using Keller Box technique. An analysis of numerical data follows to ascertain the role of numerous flow variables on the flow profiles. Based on the findings, it is evident that an increase in the fluid variable Δ and the porous variable K leads a decrease in the, radial F'(ζ), axial F'(ζ) and tangential G(ζ) velocities. Furthermore, we find that the growing values of the thermal radiation Rd variable and the thermal Biot number B

T
greatly aid in raising the fluid’s temperature. Concentration profile shows decreasing behavior for rising values of Schmidt number Sc but upsurge for solutal Biot number B

C
. The microorganism is decayed with greater Lewis number Lb and Peclet number Pe.
Full quantum eigensolvers based on variance
Authors: Li Ruo-Nan , Tao Yuan-Hong , Liang Jin-Min , Wu Shu-Hui , Fei Shao-Ming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The advancement of quantum computation paves a novel way for addressing the issue of eigenstates. In this paper, two full quantum eigenvalue solvers based on quantum gradient descent are put forward. Compared to the existing classical-quantum hybrid approaches such as the variance-variational quantum eigenvalue solver, our method enables faster convergent computations on quantum computers without the participation of classical algorithms. As any eigenstate of a Hamiltonian has zero variance, this paper takes the variance as the objective function and utilizes the quantum gradient descent method to optimize it, demonstrating the optimization of the objective function on the quantum simulator. With the swift progress of quantum computing hardware, the two variance full quantum eigensolvers proposed in this paper are anticipated to be implemented on quantum computers, thereby offering an efficient and potent calculation approach for solving eigenstate problems. Employing this algorithm, we showcase 2 qubits of deuterium and hydrogen molecule. Furthermore, we numerically investigate the energy and variance of the Ising model in larger systems, including 3, 4, 5, 6, and 10 qubits.
Enhancement of penetration of electromagnetic waves by field focusing applied to GPR detection
Authors: Zhang Qifei , Guo Linyan , Li Bo , Zheng Zirui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is limited by challenges such as signal attenuation and inadequate target detection in lossy dielectrics, prompting research on data processing algorithms to enhance detection capability. In this study, we propose a method for enhancing GPR detection capability based on electromagnetic field focusing (FF). The method involves calculating the phase difference attributable to the range difference between each antenna element and the focal point and compensating its feed phase accordingly. This approach effectively concentrates the energy of electromagnetic waves at the target area. Tapered slot antennas operating within the 2.5–8 GHz frequency band were employed for transmitting and receiving, thus facilitating algorithm verification and target detection. The synthetic aperture radar algorithm executed pulse compression and range migration on the received data, thereby intensifying the signal at the target object’s position and achieving double focusing. Notably, this study uniquely employs FF to enhance the penetrability of electromagnetic waves and augment the detection capability of GPR. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the GPR imaging quality.
Re-analysis of temperature dependent neutron capture rates and stellar β-decay rates of 95-98Mo
Authors: Kabir Abdul , Nabi Jameel-Un , Tahir Muhammad , Muneem Abdul , Abideen Zain Ul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The neutron capture rates and temperature dependent stellar beta decay rates of Mo isotopes are investigated within the framework of the statistical code TALYS v1.96 and the proton neutron quasi particle random phase approximation (pn-QRPA) model. The Maxwellian average cross-section (MACS) and neutron capture rates for the

Mo(n,γ)

Mo radiative capture process are analyzed within the framework of the statistical code TALYS v1.96 based on the phenomenological nuclear level density model and gamma strength functions. The present model-based computations for the MACS are comparable to the existing measured data. The sensitivity of stellar weak interaction rates to various densities and temperatures is investigated within the framework of the pn-QRPA model. Particular attention is paid to the impact of thermally filled excited states in the decaying nuclei (

Mo) on electron emission and positron capture rates. Furthermore, we compare the neutron capture rates and stellar beta decay rates. It is found that neutron capture rates are higher than stellar beta decay rates at both lower and higher temperatures.
Isotropization of the magnetic universe in Horndeski theory with G
3(X,ϕ) and G
5(X)
Authors: Muharlyamov Ruslan K. , Pankratyeva Tatiana N. , Bashir Shehabaldeen O.A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the isotropization process of Bianchi-I space-times in Horndeski theory with

and

. A global unidirectional electromagnetic field interacts with a scalar field according to the law

. In Horndeski theory, the anisotropy can develop in different ways. The proposed reconstruction method allows us to build models with acceptable anisotropy behavior. To analyze space-time anisotropy, we use the relations

(

), where

are metric functions, and

.
Insect tracheal systems as inspiration for carbon dioxide capture systems
Authors: Neal Mitchell H , Harrison Jon , Skabelund Brent B , Milcarek Ryan J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Membrane technology advancements within the past twenty years have provided a new perspective on environmentalism as engineers design membranes to separate greenhouse gases from the environment. Several scientific journals have published articles of experimental evidence quantifying carbon dioxide (CO2), a common greenhouse gas, separation using membrane technology and ranking them against one another. On the other hand, natural systems such as the respiratory system of mammals also accomplish transmembrane transport of CO2. However, to our knowledge, a comparison of these natural organic systems with engineered membranes has not yet been accomplished. The tracheal respiratory systems of insects transport CO2 at the highest rates in the animal kingdom. Therefore, this work compares engineered membranes to the tracheal systems of insects by quantitatively comparing greenhouse gas conductance rates. We demonstrate that on a per unit volume basis, locusts can transport CO2 approximately ∼100 times more effectively than the best current engineered systems. Given the same temperature conditions, insect tracheal systems transport CO2 three orders of magnitude faster on average. Miniaturization of CO2 capture systems based on insect tracheal system design has great potential for reducing cost and improving the capacities of industrial CO2 capture.
Prospective impacts of windstorm risk on carbon sinks and the forestry sector: an integrated assessment with Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Bastit Félix , Riviere Miguel , Lobianco Antonello , Delacote Philippe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Storms pose a significant threat to economic activities in the forest sector and introduce non-permanence risks for carbon stocks. Following escalating climate ambitions, understanding and addressing these risks becomes imperative. Uncertainties intrinsic to the storm phenomenon render this task complex. This study uses an integrated forest sector model to assess the economic and carbon impacts of storm regimes, emphasizing the importance of uncertainties through Monte Carlo simulation. From an economic perspective, we unravel complex interplays between the salvage and inventory effects of storms that lead to heterogeneous transfers of economic welfare across agents and space. Non-affected forest owners benefit from inflated prices, while affected owners’ recovery hinges on the magnitude of storm damage. From a climate perspective, storms significantly impact the forest sector’s carbon sink, with a high risk of falling short on mitigation objectives. In 25% of simulations, we observe a substantial 24% decrease in carbon sequestration. Our findings advocate for (1) conservative reliance on natural carbon sinks in national climate mitigation strategies toward net-zero, and (2) tailored risk-sharing insurance mechanisms for forest owners, providing a buffer against economic uncertainties arising from climatic disruptions.
Evaluation of precipitation forecasting methods and an advanced lightweight model
Authors: Yang Nan , Wang Chong , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Precipitation forecasting is crucial for warning systems and disaster management. This study focuses on deep learning-based methods and categorizes them into three categories: Recurrent Neural Network (RNN-RNN-RNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN-CNN-CNN), and CNN-RNN-CNN methods. Then, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of typical methods in these three categories using the SEVIR precipitation dataset. The results show that RNN-RNN-RNN suffers from instability in long-term forecasts due to error accumulation, CNN-CNN-CNN struggles to capture temporal signals but produces relatively stable forecasts, and CNN-RNN-CNN significantly increases model complexity and inherits the drawbacks of RNN, leading to worse forecasts. Here, we propose an advanced lightweight precipitation forecasting model (ALPF) based on CNN. Experimental results demonstrate that ALPF can effectively forecast spatial-temporal features, maintaining CNN’s feature extraction capabilities while avoiding error accumulation in RNN’s propagation. ALPF achieves long-term stable precipitation forecasts and can better capture large precipitation amounts.
Noninteracting particles in a harmonic trap with a stochastically driven center
Authors: Sabhapandit Sanjib , Majumdar Satya N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study a system of N noninteracting particles on a line in the presence of a harmonic trap

U
(
x
)
=
μ

[

x
−
z
(
t
)

]

2

/

2

, where the trap center z(t) undergoes a stochastic modulation that remains bounded in time. We show that this stochastic modulation drives the system into a nonequilibrium stationary state, where the joint distribution of the positions of the particles is not factorizable. This indicates strong correlations between the positions of the particles that are not inbuilt, but rather get generated by the dynamics itself. Moreover, we show that the stationary joint distribution can be fully characterized and has a special conditionally independent and identically distributed structure. This special structure allows us to compute several observables analytically even in such a strongly correlated system, for an arbitrary drive z(t) that remains bounded in time. These observables include the average density profile, the correlations between particle positions, the order and gap statistics, as well as the full counting statistics. We then apply our general results to two specific examples where (i) z(t) represents a dichotomous telegraphic noise, and (ii) z(t) represents an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Our analytical predictions are verified in numerical simulations, finding excellent agreement.
A nasal airway-on-chip model to evaluate airflow pre-conditioning during epithelial cell maturation at the air-liquid interface
Authors: Walls Amanda C , van Vegchel Manon , Lakey Abigail , Gauri Hemali , Dixon Joshua , Ferreira Laís A , Tandon Ishita , Balachandran Kartik 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The function of a well-differentiated nasal epithelium is largely affected by airflow-induced wall shear stress, yet few in vitro models recapitulate this dynamic condition. Models which do expose cells to airflow exclusively initiate flow after the differentiation process has occurred. In vivo, basal cells are constantly replenishing the epithelium under airflow conditions, indicating that airflow may affect the development and function of the differentiated epithelium. To address this gap in the field, we developed a physiologically relevant microphysiological model of the human nasal epithelium and investigated the effects of exposing cells to airflow during epithelial maturation at the air-liquid interface. The nasal airway-on-chip platform was engineered to mimic bi-directional physiological airflow during normal breathing. Primary human nasal epithelial cells were seeded on chips and subjected to either: (1) no flow, (2) single flow (0.5 dyne cm−2 flow on Day 21 of ALI only), or (3) pre-conditioning flow (0.05 dyne cm−2 on Days 14–20 and 0.5 dyne cm−2 flow on Day 21) treatments. Cells exposed to pre-conditioning showed decreased morphological changes and mucus secretions, as well as decreased inflammation, compared to unconditioned cells. Our results indicate that flow exposure only post-differentiation may impose acute stress on cells, while pre-conditioning may potentiate a properly functioning epithelium in vitro.
J-TEXT achievements in turbulence and transport in support of future device/reactor
Authors: CHEN 陈 Zhipeng 志鹏 , HUANG 黄 Zhangsheng 章盛 , JIANG 蒋 Min 敏 , LONG 龙 Ting 婷 , WANG 王 Lu 璐 , GUO 郭 Weixin 伟欣 , YANG 杨 Zhoujun 州军 , LIU 刘 Hai 海 , LAN 兰 Tao 涛 , ZHAO 赵 Kaijun 开君 , XU 许 Yuhong 宇鸿 , KE 柯 Rui 锐 , SUN 孙 Youwen 有文 , LI 李 Hanhui 翰辉 , HE 何 Wen 文 , ZHUANG 庄 Ge 革 , SHI 石 Yuejiang 跃江 , ZHONG 钟 Wulyu 武律 , DING 丁 Yonghua 永华 , LIANG 梁 Yunfeng 云峰 , TIAN 田 Wenjing 文静 , XU 徐 Xin 鑫 , ZHANG 张 Guodong 国栋 , HUSSAIN M. S. , DIAMOND Patrick H. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Following the reconstruction of the TEXT tokamak at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, renamed as J-TEXT, a plethora of experimental and theoretical investigations has been conducted to elucidate the intricacies of turbulent transport within the tokamak configuration. These endeavors encompass not only the J-TEXT device’s experimental advancements but also delve into critical issues pertinent to the optimization of future fusion devices and reactors. The research includes topics on the suppression of turbulence, flow drive and damping, density limit, non-local transport, intrinsic toroidal flow, turbulence and flow with magnetic islands, turbulent transport in the stochastic layer, and turbulence and zonal flow with energetic particles or helium ash. Several important achievements have been made in the last few years, which will be further elaborated upon in this comprehensive review.