bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No‐slip consistent immersed boundary particle tracking to simulate impaction filtration in porous media
Authors: Ghazaryan L. , Lopez Penha D.J. , Stolz S. , Kuczaj A.K. , Geurts B.J. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we present a new method for simulating the motion of a disperse particle phase in a carrier gas through porous media. We assume a sufficiently dilute particle‐laden flow and compute, independently of the disperse phase, the steady laminar fluid velocity using the immersed boundary method. Given the velocity of the carrier gas, the equations of motion for the particles experiencing the Stokes drag force are solved to determine their trajectories. The ‘no‐slip consistent’ particle tracking algorithm avoids possible numerical filtration of very small particles due to the nonzero velocity field at the solid–fluid interface introduced by the immersed boundary method. This physically consistent tracking allows a reliable estimation of the filtration efficiency of porous filters due to inertial impaction. We illustrate and test our new approach for model porous media consisting of a structured array of aligned rectangular fibers, arranged in line and staggered. In the staggered geometry, the effect of the residual velocity at the solid–fluid interface is significant for particles with low inertia. Without adopting the developed no‐slip consistent numerical method, an artificial numerical filtration is observed, which becomes dominant for small enough particles. For both the in line and the staggered geometries, the filtration rate depends quite strongly and non monotonically on the particle inertia. This is expressed most clearly in the staggered arrangement in which a very strong increase in the filtration efficiency is observed at a well‐defined critical droplet size, corresponding to a qualitative change in the dominant particle paths in the porous medium. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Negative expectations facilitate mechanical hyperalgesia after high‐frequency electrical stimulation of human skin
Authors: van den Broeke E.N. , Geene N. , van Rijn C.M. , Wilder‐Smith O.H.G. , Oosterman J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) of human skin induces not only an increased pain sensitivity in the conditioning area but also an increased pain sensitivity to mechanical punctate stimuli in the non‐conditioned surrounding skin area. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this heterotopically increased mechanical pain sensitivity can be facilitated through the induction of negative expectations.MethodsIn two independent conditions [a nocebo (n = 15) and control condition (n = 15)], we applied mechanical pain stimuli before, directly after, 10 min and 20 min after HFS in the skin area surrounding the conditioning area, and measured the reported pain intensity [visual analogue scale (VAS)]. All subjects (of both conditions) received a written instruction about the HFS protocol, but only the instruction in the nocebo condition was extended by the following text (in Dutch): ‘After the HFS, your skin will become more sensitive to the pinprick stimulation’.ResultsOur results clearly show that induced expectations of increased mechanical pain sensitivity after HFS facilitates the reported pain intensity after HFS more than when no information is given.ConclusionsThis study shows for the first time that brain mechanisms, via the induction of negative expectations, can facilitate heterotopic mechanical hyperalgesia after HFS of human skin.
Sex differences in formalin‐evoked primary afferent release of substance P
Authors: Nazarian A. , Tenayuca J.M. , Almasarweh F. , Armendariz A. , Are D. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundSex differences in pain have been well documented; however, the mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. The present study examined whether sex differences exist in the functioning of primary afferent fibres by assessing formalin‐evoked release of substance P by way of neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1r) internalization. The study also investigated whether the observed effects would be oestradiol‐sensitive.MethodsIntact and gonadectomized male and female rats were given intraplantar formalin and then euthanized either 5 or 30 min later, representing phase 1 or 2 of the formalin response, respectively. In a subsequent experiment, ovariectomized females received oestradiol prior to formalin administration. Lastly, formalin‐evoked NK1r internalization was assessed across the female oestrous cycle.ResultsIntraplantar formalin evoked significant NK1r internalization, during phase 1 and 2, in both males and females. During phase 1, no differences in NK1r internalization were detected between males or females, regardless of the gonadal status. In contrast, during phase 2, intact females exhibited greater NK1r internalization than intact males. Moreover, ovariectomy reduced NK1r internalization as compared to intact females, whereas castration had no effect as compared to intact males. Oestradiol supplementation in ovariectomized females increased NK1r internalization to levels observed in intact females. Formalin‐evoked NK1r internalization did not differ across the oestrous cycle.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that oestradiol mediates sex differences in formalin‐evoked substance P release, which may contribute to a differential development of central sensitization and pain behaviours in males and females.
Testosterone increases GLUT4‐dependent glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wilson Carlos , Contreras‐Ferrat Ariel , Venegas Nataly , Osorio‐Fuentealba César , Pávez Mario , Montoya Katherine , Durán Javier , Maass Rodrigo , Lavandero Sergio , Estrada Manuel 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTestosterone exerts important effects in the heart. Cardiomyocytes are target cells for androgens, and testosterone induces rapid effects via Ca2+ release and protein kinase activation and long‐term effects via cardiomyocyte differentiation and hypertrophy. Furthermore, it stimulates metabolic effects such as increasing glucose uptake in different tissues. Cardiomyocytes preferentially consume fatty acids for ATP production, but under particular circumstances, glucose uptake is increased to optimize energy production. We studied the effects of testosterone on glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes. We found that testosterone increased uptake of the fluorescent glucose analog 2‐(N‐(7‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1, 3‐diazol‐4‐yl)amino)‐2‐deoxyglucose and [3H]2‐deoxyglucose, which was blocked by the glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) inhibitor indinavir. Testosterone stimulation in the presence of cyproterone or albumin‐bound testosterone‐induced glucose uptake, which suggests an effect that is independent of the intracellular androgen receptor. To determine the degree of GLUT4 cell surface exposure, cardiomyocytes were transfected with the plasmid GLUT4myc‐eGFP. Subsequently, testosterone increased GLUT4myc‐GFP exposure at the plasma membrane. Inhibition of Akt by the Akt‐inhibitor‐VIII had no effect. However, inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin protein kinase (CaMKII) (KN‐93 and autocamtide‐2 related inhibitory peptide II) and AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) (compound C and siRNA for AMPK) prevented glucose uptake induced by testosterone. Moreover, GLUT4myc‐eGFP exposure at the cell surface caused by testosterone was also abolished after CaMKII and AMPK inhibition. These results suggest that testosterone increases GLUT4‐dependent glucose uptake, which is mediated by CaMKII and AMPK in cultured cardiomyocytes. Glucose uptake could represent a mechanism by which testosterone increases energy production and protein synthesis in cardiomyocytes. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 2399–2407, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A double seismic zone in the subducting Juan Fernandez Ridge of the Nazca Plate (32°S), central Chile
Authors: Marot M. , Monfret T. , Pardo M. , Ranalli G. , Nolet G. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe region of central Chile offers a unique opportunity to study the links between the subducting Juan Fernandez Ridge, the flat slab, the double seismic zone (DSZ), and the absence of modern volcanism. Here we report the presence and characteristics of the first observed DSZ within the intermediate‐depth Nazca slab using two temporary seismic catalogs (Ovalle 1999 and Chile Argentina Seismological Measurement Experiment). The lower plane of seismicity (LP) is located 20–25 km below the upper plane, begins at 50 km depth, and merges with the lower plane at 120 km depth, where the slab becomes horizontal. Focal mechanism analysis and stress tensor calculations indicate that the slab's state of stress is dominantly controlled by plate convergence and overriding crust thickness: Above 60–70 km depth, the slab is in horizontal compression, and below, it is in horizontal extension, parallel to plate convergence, which can be accounted for by vertical loading of the overriding lithosphere. Focal mechanisms below 60–70 km depth are strongly correlated with offshore outer rise bend faults, suggesting the reactivation of preexisting faults below this depth. The large interplane distances for all Nazca DSZs can be related to the slab's unusually cold thermal structure with respect to its age. Since LPs globally seem to mimic mantle mineral dehydration paths, we suggest that fluid migration and dehydration embrittlement provide the mechanism necessary to weaken the rock and that the stress field determines the direction of rupture.
Rapid postseismic relaxation after the great 2006–2007 Kuril earthquakes from GPS observations in 2007–2011
Authors: Kogan Mikhail G. , Vasilenko Nikolay F. , Frolov Dmitry I. , Freymueller Jeffrey T. , Steblov Grigory M. , Prytkov Alexandr S. , Ekström Göran 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe 2006–2007 doublet of Mw > 8 earthquakes in the Kuril subduction zone caused postseismic transient motion in the asthenosphere, which we observed on the Kuril GPS Array in 2007–2011. Here we show that the Maxwell asthenospheric viscosity that best fits the geodetic data increased by nearly an order of magnitude over the interval of 4 years, from 2 × 1017 to 1 × 1018 Pa s. These effective values of viscosity can be explained by a power law rheology for which strain rate is proportional to stress raised to a power n > 1. The apparent change in viscosity can also be caused by other factors such as coupling between afterslip and viscoelastic flow. The open and intriguing question in connection with postseismic data after the Kuril earthquake doublet is the magnitude of the long‐term asthenospheric viscosity, which shall be revealed by continued observations. An asthenosphere with viscosity of about 1 × 1019 Pa s is favored by the postseismic deformation still observed several decades after the 1960 Chile and 1964 Alaska Mw ~9 earthquakes. However, postseismic deformation associated with the 1952 southern Kamchatka Mw ~9 earthquake currently is not observed in the northern Kurils, an indication that the long‐term asthenospheric viscosity in the Kurils is lower than that in Chile and Alaska.
Historical reconstruction of organic carbon decay and preservation in sediments on the East China Sea shelf
Authors: Li Xinxin , Bianchi Thomas S. , Allison Mead A. , Chapman Piers , Yang Guipeng 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSediment cores were collected from the East China Sea inner shelf in 2010 to study the decay and preservation of organic carbon (OC). The highest sediment mass accumulation rate (0.61 ± 0.20 g cm−2 yr−1), derived from 210Pb, was found near the river mouth and decreased alongshore to the south (0.17 ± 0.004 g cm−2 yr−1), and in an offshore direction (0.31 ± 0.08 g cm−2 yr−1). Average total OC content was higher at inner shelf stations (0.52%) than those offshore (0.38%). The δ13C was more depleted at nearshore (−23.49‰ to −21.97‰) than offshore (−22.49‰ to −21.60‰) stations. Principal component analysis indicated that terrestrial OC, as indicated by lignin‐phenols (Λ8) values, was preserved in sediment closer to the coast (0.22–0.44), while offshore sediment was more composed of lignin‐poor (0.12–0.24) degraded OC that was likely hydrodynamically sorted. Marine‐derived OC, as indicated by plant pigments, was significantly more abundant in the sediment mixed layer than the underlying accumulation layer. Historical flooding events were detected in Λ8 profiles in two of the six cores located at midshelf stations. Despite the magnitude of the 2010 flood in East China, we did not see any signature of this event with the chemical biomarker in these two cores. This may suggest that reduced sediment loading due to recent dam construction may have greatly decoupled river inputs with sediment loading to shelf sediment. The total OC standing stock since 1900 was approximately 1.62 ± 1.15 kg C m−2, about one tenth of all the middle and lower lakes in the Changjiang catchment basin. This work further supports the need for more research to better understand how the reduced inputs of fluvial input of sediments from Chinese rivers (due to river diversions and dams) affect carbon cycling in the East China Sea.
On even circuit decompositions of eulerian graphs
Authors: Zhang Cun‐Quan 
Published: June 2013

AbstractLet G be an eulerian graph without odd block. It was proved by P. D. Seymour that if G is planar, then E(G) has a circuit decomposition F such that each circuit of F is of even length. In this paper the theorem of Seymour is generalized: If G contains no subgraph contractible to K5, then E(G) has an even circuit decomposition.
Factoring cartesian‐product graphs
Authors: Imrich Wilfried , Žerovnik Janez 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn a fundamental paper, G. Sabidussi [“Graph Multiplication,” Mathematische Zeitschrift, Vol. 72 (1960), pp. 446–457] used a tower of equivalence relations on the edge set E(G) of a connected graph G to decompose G into a Cartesian product of prime graphs. Later, a method by R.L. Graham and P.M. Winkler [“On Isometric Embeddings of Graphs,” Transactions of the American Mathematics Society, Vol. 288 (1985), pp. 527–533] of embedding a connected graph isometrically into Cartesian products opened another approach to this problem. In both approaches an equivalence relation σ that determines the prime factorization is constructed. The methods differ by the starting relations used. We show that σ can be obtained as the convex hull of the starting relation used by Sabidussi. Our result also holds for the relation determining the prime decomposition of infinite connected graphs with respect to the weak Cartesian product. Moreover, we show that this relation is the transitive closure of the union of the starting relations of Sabidussi and Winkler [“Factoring a Graph in Polynomial Time,” European Journal of Combinatorics, Vol. 8 (1987), pp. 209–212], thereby generalizing the result of T. Feder [“Product Graph Representations,” Journal of Graph Theory, Vol 16 (1993), pp. 467–488] from finite to infinite graphs.
A case report of intraoperative retroorbital fluid dissection after frontal mini‐trephine placement
Authors: Andrews Jamie N. , Lopez Manuel A. , Weitzel Erik K. 
Published: June 2013

Objectives/HypothesisWe report a case of a 24‐year‐old male with a history of allergic fungal sinusitis, who experienced an intraoperative retro‐orbital fluid dissection after frontal mini‐trephine placement. Although mini‐trephination of the frontal sinus is a useful technique that is frequently employed during endoscopic sinus surgery, it has potential complications. The purpose of this report is to discuss a previously unreported complication of frontal mini‐trephination and its management. Laryngoscope, 123:2969–2971, 2013
Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Potential histopathologic predictors
Authors: Haerle Stephan K. , Shiau Carolyn , Goldstein David P. , Qiu Xin , Erovic Boban M. , Ghazarian Danny , Xu Wei , Irish Jonathan C. 
Published: June 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify or confirm any new or suggested independent histopathological predictors in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) of the head and neck (HN) correlated with outcome.Study DesignRetrospective chart and pathology review.MethodsBetween 1990 and 2010, 58 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck HNMCC were identified for study. Pathologic specimens were reviewed and evaluated for independent prognostic factors and correlated with locoregional recurrence and disease‐specific survival.ResultsThe 2‐ and 5‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) rates were 72.7% and 63.6%, respectively. The local and regional recurrence rates were 12.0% and 24.1%, respectively. A total of 25.9% of the patients developed distant metastases during follow‐up. Tumor size (< 1 cm vs. > 1 cm) and the presence of a positive deep resection margin were independently found to be significantly associated with regional recurrence (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively). No other prognostic factors could be identified.ConclusionAdjuvant radiotherapy cannot remediate a positive resection margin. Given these results, consideration for revision surgery should be considered for a positive deep margin. Frozen section analysis may help to define the margins in this invasive and aggressive disease.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 123:3043–3048, 2013
Extra‐esophageal Reflux, NOSE score, and sleep quality in an adult clinic population
Authors: Laohasiriwong Supawan , Johnston Nikki , Woodson B. Tucker 
Published: June 2013

Objectives/HypothesisGastroesophageal reflux disease and heartburn negatively impact sleep; the impact of extraesophageal reflux (EER) symptoms on sleep is unknown. This study's goal was to evaluate the association of EER and measures of nasal obstruction, mood, insomnia, hypersomnia, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingTertiary care hospital.Subjects and MethodsA prospective cohort of adult patients was evaluated using validated questionnaires for insomnia (PSQI), hypersomnia (ESS), OSA risk (STOP‐Bang), sleep quality of life (FOSQ‐10), EER reflux symptoms (RSI), nasal symptoms (NOSE), and measures of mood (HADA). Pharyngeal saliva samples underwent Western blot immunoassay for pepsin.ResultsNinety‐three adults (mean age 50.2 ± 15.2 years, 43% female) were evaluated. Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) was elevated in 32% of patients and significant heartburn symptoms were reported in only 12% of patients. Prevalence of pepsin (+) was 27%. Both RSI and NOSE were significantly associated with sleep measures related to insomnia (r = 0.48 and r = 0.50; P < 0.001, respectively), Quality of Life (QOL) (r = 0.30 and r = 0.34; P < 0.001, respectively), and hypersomnolance (r = 0.18 and P < 0.04; r = 0.29 and P < 0.01, respectively), but not apnea risk (all P < 0.05). Nasal symptoms and mood were associated with all non‐OSA sleep metrics (r = 0.24). In multivariate analysis, both NOSE and RSI remained significantly associated with sleep measures.ConclusionsInsomnia, hypersomnia, and sleep QOL are associated with measures of EER, nasal symptoms, and mood but not OSA risk, supporting that disrupted sleep may be associated with EER and nasal symptoms independent of sleep apnea.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 123:3233–3238, 2013
Mentor‐Leaders
Authors: Bell Chip R. , Goldsmith Marshall 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMentor‐leaders, according to Bell and Goldsmith, are a new breed that is especially suited to the challenges of 21st‐century leadership. They make learning a competitive strategy for their companies, and they can be thought of as “change allies, not just change advocates.” They should be role models, as the authors write: “Mentor‐leaders must be first and foremost active and zealous learners.” Mentor‐leaders at such companies as Marriott and Lockheed are profiled; they model such behaviors as sincere curiosity, providing inspiration and helping to develop both the personal and professional growth of their associates.
Key Structural Features of Azanaphthoquinone Annelated Pyrrole Derivative as Anticancer Agents Based on the Rational Drug Design Approaches
Authors: Kamsri Pharit , Punkvang Auradee , Pongprom Nipawan , Srisupan Apinya , Saparpakorn Patchreenart , Hannongbua Supa , Wolschann Peter , Pungpo Pornpan 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAzanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives have been developed and synthesized with a continuous attempt to develop novel DNA intercalating agents as anti‐cancer compounds with lower organ toxicity. With the remarkable antiproliferative activity of synthesized azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives, a structurally novel scaffold of these compounds is appropriated for further development of novel anti‐cancer agents. Therefore, in the present study, 3D QSAR study (CoMSIA) was applied on 28 azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives to evaluate the structural requirement of these compounds. The resulting CoMSIA model is satisfied with r2 of 0.99 and q2 of 0.65. The interpretation of CoMSIA contours reveals the significant importance of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrogen acceptor descriptors on the activities of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives. Remarkably, the structural requirement of six substituent positions on the azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole scaffold was elucidated here. This result is the useful concept for design of new and more active azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives. Moreover, MD simulations using AMBER program were performed to model the binding of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives in the intercalation site of the DNA duplex. Based on MD simulations, the information in terms of ligand‐DNA interaction, complex structure and binding free energy was provided in this work. Therefore, the integrated results are informative for further modification of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole scaffold leading to gain novel azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives possessing better antiproliferative activity.
Autogrammjäger der anderen Art
Authors: Osterath Brigitte 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDer japanische Chemiker Tetsuo Nozoe hat über vier Jahrzehnte weltweit von Fachkollegen Unterschriften und Kommentare gesammelt. Wiley‐VCH veröffentlicht seine Sammlung jetzt im Internet. Jeder kann mithelfen, die Urheber der vielen tausend Einträge zu identifizieren.