bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical placement and management of jugular vascular access ports in dogs and cats: description of technique
Authors: Guérios Simone D , Silva Daniella M , Souza Carlos HM , Bacon Nicholas J 
Published: August 2024

Summary Background: vascular access ports (VAPs) are designed to allow repeated access to the vascular system with minimum patient distress. Objective: to describe the surgical technique, care and complications of jugular VAPs currently used at the Veterinary Oncology Service of the University of Florida Small Animal Hospital. Conclusion: the VAPs can remain in site for long terms (months) with minimum complications, and its placement is a reliable technique that should be considered by veterinarians, particularly for a longterm treatment. Keywords: chemotheraphy, intravenous access, medical oncology, vascular surgical procedures. Resumen Antecedentes: los catéteres venosos centrales (VAPs) están diseñados para permitir el acceso repetido al sistema vascular con las mínimas molestias para el paciente. Objetivo: describir la técnica quirúrgica, atención de mantenimiento y las complicaciones de los VAPs en vena yugular, que se utiliza actualmente en el Veterinary Oncology Service en la University of Florida Small Animal Hospital. Conclusión: el VAP puede permanecer en el lugar durante períodos largos (meses) con pocas complicaciones, y su implantación quirúrgica debe ser considerada por los veterinarios, en particular para el tratamiento a largo plazo. Palabras clave: acceso intravenoso, oncología médica, procedimientos quirúrgicos vasculares, quimioterapia. Resumo Antecedentes: os cateteres venosos centrais (VAPs) permitem acessos repetidos ao sistema vascular com mínimo desconforto ao paciente. Objetivo: descrever a técnica cirúrgica, cuidados de manutenção e complicações dos VAPs de veia jugular utilizados atualmente no Serviço de Oncologia Veterinária do Hospital Veterinário de Pequenos Animais da Universidade da Florida. Conclusão: o VAP pode permanecer no local por longos períodos (meses) com poucas complicações. O implante cirúrgico descrito no presente trabalho deve ser considerado pelos médicos veterinários, particularmente para tratamentos de longa duração. Palavras chave: acceso intravenoso, oncología, procedimentos cirúrgicos vasculares, quimioterapia.
Physical Characteristics Controlling Radiation from Heterogeneous Ruptures—Finite Faults
Authors: Beresnev Igor A. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Kinematic simulations of ground motion require representations of the earthquake source: the distribution of final slip, parameters of the source time function, and the velocity of rupture travel. There is a significant ambiguity in prescribing these physical characteristics, causing uncertainty in the resulting motions that needs to be quantified. The representation integral is an appropriate tool: it allows exact calculation of the source effect in both the near and far fields in the frequency band of practical interest. The commonly used distributions of slip have a k-square shape of their wavenumber spectra. Various k-square slips change the slope of the radiated spectra in the range of ∼−2.5 and −4.0 in both the far and near fields. The spectra generated by randomly disturbed constant slip are indistinguishable from those emitted by k-square faults. In both cases, variations in peak values of ground velocity and acceleration between realizations are relatively insignificant: under ∼15% for the same hypocenter position. The slopes of the Fourier spectra produced exclusively by the form of the slip function and the slip heterogeneity are equivalent to using a formal kappa filter with κ ranging from ∼0.025 to 0.045 s. No ad hoc high-frequency filtering (of kappa or fmax type) is required if fault finiteness is accounted for. Geometric irregularity of rupture fronts, at least for the way the front progression is randomized in our case, does not appreciably affect the slopes of the spectra. Its principal effect is in blurring the directivity, reducing the sharpness of radiated pulses. The most influential parameter affecting the peak ground motions for several commonly used slip functions is the maximum velocity of slip: scaling of vmax causes a proportional scaling in peak ground acceleration. This parameter is the most important to constrain to reduce ambiguities in predicted ground motions.
Implementasi Metode Belajar Membaca Tanpa Mengeja (BMTM) Untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Riris Wahyuningsih  , Habibah Afiyanti Putri  
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat implementasi penggunaan metode BMTM dalam mengembangkan aspek membaca permulaan pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 2 Muncar. Adapun dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu hasil didapat dengan menggunakan teknik observasi. Dengan sumber hasil didapatkan dari teknik wawancara yang digunakan peneliti yaitu wawancara tidak struktur dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa usia 5-6 tahun di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 2 Muncar yang berjumlah 20 anak yang mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar membaca permulaan. Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan, penggunaan Metode Belajar Membaca Tanpa Mengeja (BMTM) mampu mengembangkan kemampuan anak dalam belajar membaca permulaan, dibuktikan dengan jumlah subjek penelitian mengalami peningkatan, dari anak yang kesulitan belajar dan berkonsentrasi, mulai mampu membaca dengan lancar.
Authors: Andani Ajeng Putri Retno , Oedjijono Oedjijono , Ryandini Dini 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Streptomyces spp. yang diisolasi dari sedimen mangrove dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Vibrio cholerae, mengetahui kekuatan senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan oleh Streptomyces spp. terhadap V. cholerae, dan mengetahui karakteristik dari senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan oleh Streptomyces spp. Tahap penelitian meliputi penapisan isolat bakteri Streptomyces spp. (SA34, SA37, SA40, SAE4034) yang menghambat V. cholerae, produksi senyawa antibakteri, uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode Kirby Bauer, penentuan nilai MIC (%), pemisahan senyawa antibakteri dengan metode TLC, uji fitokimia, uji bioautografi, uji aktivitas senyawa antibakteri pada variasi suhu (40oC, 60oC. 80oC, 100oC) dan pH (2, 4, 6, 9), serta uji konfirmasi karakter bakteri. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penapisan menunjukkan bahwa penghambatan terhadap pertumbuhan V. cholerae tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh isolat SAE4034. Ekstrak kasar mampu menghambat V. cholerae dengan diameter zona hambat 11,5-17,5 mm; nilai MIC 30%, dan menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif dengan nilai Rf berkisar antara 0,31-0,70. Senyawa yang mampu menghambat memiliki nilai Rf 0,43 dan senyawa tersebut termasuk golongan alkaloid. Perlakuan suhu 40oC tetap tinggi dengan zona hambat 14 mm dan aktivitas penghambatannya menurun sejalan dengan perlakuan suhu yang lebih tinggi sampai 100oC. Perlakuan pH 6 menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan tertinggi dengan zona hambat 16 mm, sebaliknya pada pH 2, 4, dan 9 aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kasar menurun.
Kata kunci: antibakteri, pH, Streptomyces, suhu, V. cholerae.
Authors: Rahmadi Deddy , Naufal Muhammad Hafizh , Rohman Alvian Nur , Setyaji Fajar Dwi 
Published: August 2024

Kompresi Gambar Menggunakan Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) dengan Python adalah teknik yang kuat untuk mereduksi dimensi dan kompresi data. SVD mendekomposisi matriks menjadi tiga matriks terpisah: , dan . berisi vektor singular kiri, adalah matriks diagonal yang berisi nilai singular, dan mewakili vektor singular kanan. Salah satu aplikasi utama dari SVD adalah kompresi gambar. Dengan memilih jumlah nilai singular yang tepat, kita dapat merekonstruksi gambar dengan persyaratan penyimpanan dan transmisi yang berkurang. Dalam penelitian ini, kita memberikan hasil yang melakukan SVD pada gambar rgb dan grayscale, dan juga menganalisis hasil kompresi gambar perkiraan dengan , MSE, , dan cumulative sum.
Analisis Komposisi dan Sebaran Sampah Laut (Makro dan Meso) di Pantai Cemoro Sewu Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors: Aranxa Virly , Prihatiningsih Isnaini , Haryati Ani , Putri Wike Ayu Eka 
Published: August 2024

Sampah laut merupakan semua material yang berbentuk padatan, berupa produk dari kegiatan manusia yang berada di wilayah perairan laut dan pantai. Pantai Wisata Cemoro Sewu merupakan destinasi wisata yang terancam pencemaran akibat sampah laut. Timbunan sampah dapat merusak ekosistem perairan dan memiliki dampak buruk bagi kesehatan manusia di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2023 yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis distribusi dan komposisi sampah laut. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian Sampah laut merupakan semua material yang berbentuk padatan, berupa produk darikegiatan manusia yang berada di wilayah perairan laut dan pantai. Pantai Cemoro Sewumerupakan destinasi wisata yang terancam pencemaran akibat sampah laut. Timbunansampah dapat merusak ekosistem perairan dan memiliki dampak buruk bagi kesehatanmasyarakat disekitarnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2023 yang betujuanuntuk menganalisis komposisi dan sebaran sampah laut. Metode penelitian yang dilakukanadalah purposive sampling dengan menggunakan transek garis sepanjang 100 m, sertaanalisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Komposisi sampah laut yang ditemukan di PantaiWisata Cemoro Sewu terdiri atas jenis plastik, karet, kayu, kain, logam, dan kaca. Plastikmerupakan jenis sampah yang mendominasi pada pantai tersebut. Adapun kepadatantertinggi sampah laut berada di area timur dengan nilai kepadatan sampah makro sebesar3,725 keping/m2 dan meso 2,700 keping/m2. Kepadatan tertinggi sampah laut berdasarkanberat berada pada area barat untuk makro sebesar 8,525 g/m, dan meso di area timursebesar 6,321 g/m2. Kecepatan arus di Pantai Cemoro Sewu adalah 1 m/s yangdikategorikan arus cepat, sehingga arus ini mampu mendistribusikan sampah laut hingga kearea barat pantai.
Pendampingan Mengaji Melalui Metode Qiro’ati di Masjid Hasan Rifa’i, Ponorogo
Authors: Retnowati May Shinta , Alatas Muhammad Ali , Mafaz Mafaz , Harist Dinar Naufal 
Published: August 2024

Peran Masyarakat dalam Lembaga Pendidikan berbasis keagamaan Islam menjadi tanggung jawab semua pihak, khususnya pondasi awal tentang membaca Al Qur’an. Adanya wadah pendidikan Al Qur’an di Taman Pendidikan Al Qur’an (TPA) desa Bangunrejo , masih belum cukup untuk mengoptimalkan kemampuan membaca Al Qur’an pada anak-anak di desa Bangunrejo. Dari hasil observasi di awal bahwa terlihat dari kondisi anak-anak yang kurang berminat untuk belajar mengaji disebabkan belum adanya pengajar pengganti dalam mengajar mereka setiap sore hari di masjid Hasan Rifa’i. maka dari itu, penulis membantu melakukan pengembangan kegiatan belajar mengajar mengaji dengan menggunakan metode Qiro’ati. Sebab banyak dari mereka belum menguasai tentang cara membaca Al-Qur’an secara baik dan benar Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada Masyarakat melalui kegiatan mengaji di Masjid Hasan Rifa’I diharapkan untuk membantu anak-anak di desa Bangunrejo yang tidak belajar di TPA ataupun anak-anak yang ada dilingkungan masjid untuk bisa mengaji. Metode pengabdian yang dilakukan adalah pendampingan mengaji menggunakan metode Qiro’ati. Hasil dari pengabdian kepada Masyarakat pelaksanaan terdapat tiga pelaksanaan, yakni tahap awal dimulai dari kehadiran peserta (anak-anak), tahap inti yang menggunakan metode qiroati secara keseluruhan dan tahap penutup (evaluasi).
Predicting Generalization of AI Colonoscopy Models to Unseen Data
Authors: Shor Joel , McNeil Carson , Intrator Yotam , Ledsam Joseph , Yamano Hiro-o , Tsurumaru Daisuke , Kayama Hiroki , Hamabe Atsushi , Ando Koji , Ota Mitsuhiko , Ogino Haruei , Nakase Hiroshi , Kobayashi Kaho , Miyo Masaaki , Oki Eiji , Takemasa Ichiro , Rivlin Ehud , Goldenberg Roman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Generalizability of AI colonoscopy algorithms is important for wider adoption in clinical practice. However, current techniques for evaluating performance on unseen data require expensive and time-intensive labels. We show that a "Masked Siamese Network" (MSN), trained to predict masked out regions of polyp images without labels, can predict the performance of Computer Aided Detection (CADe) of polyps on colonoscopies, without labels. This holds true on Japanese colonoscopies even when MSN is only trained on Israeli colonoscopies, which differ in scoping hardware, endoscope software, screening guidelines, bowel preparation, patient demographics, and the use of techniques such as narrow-band imaging (NBI) and chromoendoscopy (CE). Since our technique uses neither colonoscopy-specific information nor labels, it has the potential to apply to more medical imaging domains.
Mechanism of human ⍺3β GlyR modulation in inflammatory pain and 2, 6-DTBP interaction
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Liu Xiaofen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

α3β glycine receptor (GlyR) is a subtype of the GlyRs that belongs to the Cys-loop receptor superfamily. It is a target for non-psychoactive pain control drug development due to its high expression in the spinal dorsal horn and indispensable roles in pain sensation. α3β GlyR activity is inhibited by a phosphorylation in the large internal M3/M4 loop of α3 through the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway, which can be reverted by a small molecule analgesic, 2, 6-DTBP. However, the mechanism of regulation by phosphorylation or 2, 6-DTBP is unknown. Here we show M3/M4 loop compaction through phosphorylation and 2, 6-DTBP binding, which in turn changes the local environment and rearranges ion conduction pore conformation to modulate α3β GlyR activity. We resolved glycine-bound structures of α3β GlyR with and without phosphorylation, as well as in the presence of 2, 6-DTBP and found no change in functional states upon phosphorylation, but transition to an asymmetric super open pore by 2, 6-DTBP binding. Single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) experiment shows compaction of M3/M4 loop towards the pore upon phosphorylation, and further compaction by 2, 6-DTBP. Our results reveal a localized interaction model where M3/M4 loop modulate GlyR function through physical proximation. This regulation mechanism should inform on pain medication development targeting GlyRs. Our strategy allowed investigation of how post-translational modification of an unstructured loop modulate channel conduction, which we anticipate will be applicable to intrinsically disordered loops ubiquitously found in ion channels.
Phytochemical screening of Cocos nucifera And Vernonia amygdalina extract and antibiogram of the mixture (Cocos Nucifera + Vernonia Amygdalina) on Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus pyogenes
Authors: Matthew Emmanuel Oluwatimileyin , Ozigi Ibrahim Abdulkarim , Uthman Abdulgafar Ishola , ADEYELE ADEYERI DAVID 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:Nigeria, a significant player in the global economy, has a rich agricultural heritage that includes diverse crops with potential medicinal properties. Among these, coconut (Cocos nucifera) and bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) are notable for their traditional medicinal uses. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antibacterial efficacy of extracts from these plants, individually and in combination, against Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus pyogenes, addressing the need for alternative antibacterial therapies in the face of rising antibiotic resistance.
Methods: Bitter leaf and coconut were sourced from Bakindogo market, Kaduna, and authenticated by a botanist. Extracts were prepared and subjected to phytochemical screening using standard methods. Antibacterial activity was evaluated through agar disk diffusion to measure zones of inhibition at different extract concentrations. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for both Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus pyogenes.Top of FormBottom of Form
Results:Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and carbohydrates in both extracts, with anthraquinones present only in Vernonia amygdalina. The extracts showed significant antibacterial activity, particularly the mixture of Vernonia amygdalina and Cocos nucifera water. The mixture exhibited higher efficacy against Salmonella typhi, with zones of inhibition ranging from 9.5 mm to 17 mm, compared to Streptococcus pyogenes, which showed inhibition zones from 9.0 mm to 13 mm. The MIC for Salmonella typhi was 25 mg/mL, with an MBC of 100 mg/mL, indicating bactericidal properties at higher concentrations. Streptococcus pyogenes showed an MIC of 100mg/ml, but the MBC was not applicable, suggesting bacteriostatic effects.
Conclusions:The study confirms the significant antibacterial potential of Vernonia amygdalina and Cocos nucifera water extracts, particularly against Salmonella typhi. These findings support their traditional use and highlight their potential as alternative antibacterial agents. Further research and pharmaceutical exploration are recommended to fully harness these plants' medicinal properties, particularly for developing new treatments for bacterial infections.
Optimizing High rise Building form for energy performance using Generative Design Framework
Authors: Megahed Nourhan , Ismail Rania F. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Knowing the significant impact of high-rise building form on solar heat gain, this paper proposes a generative design framework for finding the form achieving less solar heat gain in hot arid zone without detracting the functionality and aesthetic aspect. Among numerous design possibilities based on specific criteria, Generative design utilizing algorithms and optimization techniques can explore numerous design possibilities based on specific criteria. In this application, the goal is to identify building forms that reduce solar exposure while balancing functional and aesthetic needs. To achieve the work objective, Multi objective optimization (MOO) techniques like the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) were used. The design parameters such as, orientation, plan shape, …etc will be inputs into generative design algorithms that will iteratively create and evaluate various design options to obtain the best possible design outcomes. The performance of each option will be verified using Solar exposure analysis, including sun path, shading, and energy simulation whilst the proposed design optimization focuses on two parameters, ie window-to-wall ratio (WWR), and energy use intensity (EUI). This paper illustrates how design of high-rise buildings can prioritize human well-being and environmental responsibility in addition to being landmarks.
Comparison of a rule-based algorithm and manual annotation for retrospective determination of ARDS onset in time-series data
Authors: Fonck Simon , Fritsch Sebastian , Yurgandzhieva Ana , Koczera Patrick , Kowalewski Stefan , Stollenwerk André 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious conditionthat occurs in around 10 % of mechanically ventilated patients in intensivecare units. Delayed or even missing diagnosis contributes to the reasons for thevery high mortality rate of up to 40 %. To address this shortcoming, Artificial Intelligence(AI) methods for the prediction and classification of ARDS have beenproposed in literature. For the training of certain AI models, it is necessary todetermine an onset of ARDS in the data to use associated data points as trainingor test data. This is particularly important for secondary databases, which oftendo not come with respective documentation.
Methods: In this study, the ARDS onset time of 200 patients from 4 differentdatabases was determined by two intensive care physicians and by a rule-basedalgorithm whose rules are based on the criteria of the Berlin Definition, which is considered the standard for ARDS diagnosis. For manual annotation, a customweb tool was used to visualize the selected patient data. Finally, the results ofthe automatic and manual onset determination for ARDS are compared usingstatistical means.
Results: Depending on the configuration, the automatic onset of the rule-basedalgorithm matches the manual onsets in 71.50 % - 86.36 % of the cases. Overall,it was shown that the respective results of the two methods are close to eachother on average.
Conclusions: In our analysis, we were able to show that a rule-based algorithmwith a temporal component can be used to determine an ARDS onset in timeseriesdata with sound accuracy in comparison with the manual onset created bytwo physicians. In summary, it was shown that it is reasonable to generate theonset automatically to make big databases accessible for the development of AImodels in the context of ARDS.
Carbon uptake of an urban green space inferred from carbonyl sulfide fluxes
Authors: Soininen Jesse , Kohonen Kukka-Maaria , Rantala Pekka , Kulmala Liisa , Aaltonen Hermanni , Järvi Leena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

With several cities worldwide pursuing carbon neutrality in the upcoming decades, there is an increasing interest in quantifying cities’ anthropogenic carbon emissions using atmospheric observations. The challenge with both in-situ and remote sensing methods is however that the observations include both anthropogenic and biogenic signals. To reduce uncertainties in anthropogenic emission estimations, it is critical to partition biogenic fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the observed data. In this study, we for the first time examine the suitability of carbonyl sulfide (COS), a proxy for photosynthesis, on partitioning biogenic CO2 uptake from the ecosystem exchange measured with the eddy covariance (EC) technique over an urban area in Helsinki, Finland. The urban vegetation acts as a clear sink for COS whereas anthropogenic processes show minimal COS emissions within the source area of the measured net carbon flux. We show that two different COS flux based methods are able to produce the dynamics of photosynthesis by an independent light-response curve based estimation. Together with commonly used soil and vegetation respiration proxy, we removed biogenic signals from the urban net CO2 exchange and demonstrated that together with CO2 fluxes, COS flux can successfully be used to get realistic estimations of anthropogenic carbon emissions using the EC method.