bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences in Alcohol Metabolizing Hepatic Enzyme
Genotypes in Korean Patients with Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Lee Jin-Seong , Kim Sung-Gon , Jang Sae-Heon , Byun Won-Tan , Hwang In-Bok , Kim Chang-Soo , Kim Seong-Yeon , Lee Hyun-Sook , Yang Young-Hui , Oslin David W. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
There are a number of epidemiological studies concerning the gender
differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence (AD), with
ADH2 and ALDH2 being strong candidates. The purpose of this study
was to investigate gender differences in frequencies of ADH2 and ALDH2
genotypes in AD patients and in a normal control (NC) group of Koreans.
Study subjects consisted of 228 AD patients (180 males, 48 females) and
138 NC (79 males, 59 females). For both male and female subjects, the
frequency of the ADH2*1/1 genotype was significantly higher in AD patients
compared to the NC group. However, the effect size of the ADH2*1/1
genotype on AD was much larger in females than in males. Furthermore,
the ALDH2*1/1 genotype was positively associated with AD in male
subjects but negatively associated with AD in female patients. Interestingly,
AD in males was primarily determined by ALDH2 enzyme activity (92%),
whereas female AD was primarily determined by ADH2 enzyme activity
(60.4%). These results suggest that risk for the development of AD in
males is mainly associated with the ALDH2*1/1 genotype, while in female
patients, the ADH2*1/1 genotype was more highly associated with risk of
AD. Overall, it is evident that gender differences associated with genetic
risks for AD are present.
POWER GENERATION FROM PRESSURE REDUCTION IN THE NATURAL
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Mahbubur 
Published: September 2013

Power can be generated from the pressure energy of natural gas along its supply chain at various pressure reduction points by using turbo-expanders. This technology is being applied in different countries around the world. This paper attempts to asses the potential of using this technology for Bangladesh. A number of producing wells and pressure reduction stations are investigated. It is found that pre-heating before expansion is almost always necessary to avoid hydrate formation. The power obtainable at the wellheads range from 150-500 kW, and that from pressure reduction stations range from 200 kW to 5 MW.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v41i2.7472
1992 : l'ambiguïté d'une commémoration
Authors: Vayssière Pierre 
Published: September 2013

La célébration du 500e anniversaire est loin de faire l'unanimité en Amérique Latine, non seulement parmi les descendants des «peuples vaincus», mais encore au cœur des idéologies officielles ; dans une hiérarchie hypothétique de la « colombophilie », on pourrait opposer, d'un côté, les trois anciennes vice-royautés hispaniques (Mexique, Colombie, Pérou), et de l'autre le Brésil qui néglige l'image de Colomb.
Sur le plan de la commémoration, on observe également que c'est surtout l'Espagne qui organise les grands'messes cérémonielles, sans doute parce qu'elle y investit un projet de retrouvailles culturelles et économiques avec ses anciennes colonies. Le Portugal, de son côté, préfère se tourner vers le projet de l'unité européenne. Quant à l'Amérique latine, elle s'oriente vers une zone de libre-échange interaméricaine, qui l'intéresse au moins autant que les souvenirs d'une colonisation douloureuse.
A Comparative Evaluation of Six Commonly used Types of Die Materials for the Property of Abrasion Resistance, at Two Time Intervals: An in vitro Study
Authors: Wankhade Sattyam V , Sanghavi Kaushal V , Rajguru Vilas , Lokade Jyoti 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives
This in vitro study evaluated and compared the abrasion resistance of types IV and V gypsums, resin-modified type IV and type V gypsums, synthetic gypsum, and epoxy resin die material at two different time intervals spanning a period of 24 hours.

Materials and methods
A total of 10 dies of each die material were fabricated and tested for abrasion resistance at each time interval. An average of five readings was taken for the test, measuring the rate of abrasion of the materials.

Results
All the tested properties of the epoxy resin material were far superior to those of the other materials (being tested). Resin-modified type IV gypsum had significantly better abrasion resistance than its type V counterpart at setting. However, when tested at 24 hours, both materials had comparable resistance to abrasion, which was the highest among the gypsum-based materials.

Interpretation and conclusion
Epoxy die resin had the most superior physical properties of all. A significant decrease in the rate of abrasion (-38 to -83%) was noted, when the gypsumbased products were tested at 24 hours. From the data obtained in this study, it is recommended that when gypsum-based materials are used, to wait at least 24 hours prior to separating casts from impressions (and subsequent laboratory procedures) to avoid damage to the casts and dies.

Abbreviations
RR IV: Resin modified type IV gypsum; RR V: Resin modified type V gypsum; S: Synthetic gypsum; V: Type V gypsum; IV: Type IV gypsum.

How to cite this article
Wankhade SV, Sanghavi KV, Rajguru V, Lokade J. A Comparative Evaluation of Six Commonly used Types of Die Materials for the Property of Abrasion Resistance, at Two Time Intervals: An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(1):1-6.
Ceramometal Bond Strength Analysis using New and Recast Nonprecious Alloys with Three Different Ceramics
Authors: Gosavi Sulekha , Wadkar Arti , Gosavi Siddharth Y 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study is undertaken to evaluate the dependence of bond strength of 100% fresh nonprecious alloy and the combination of 50% recast (used) alloy and 50% fresh alloy with three different veneering ceramic material.

Materials and methods
To evaluate the shear bond strength between new and recast alloy nonprecious Ni-Cr alloy (System KN®, Adentatec, Germany) was used with three different commercially available ceramics. A total of 60 samples were prepared and divided in two groups depending on the new or recast alloy. The 30 specimens of new alloy (group A) and 30 specimens of recast alloy (group B) were fabricated. Each group was again divided into three subgroups of 10 specimens for ceramic veneering Vita VMK-95 [V], IPS Classic [I] and Noritake [N] as veneering ceramic materials. Thus, six subgroups were formed as groups AV, AI, AN, BV, BI and BN. Groups AV and BV were veneered with Vita Ceramics, Groups AI and BI were veneered with IPS Classic (Ivoclar) and Groups AN and BN were veneered with Noritake. Then, shear bond strength between new and recast alloy was analyzed for each type of ceramics using MTS machine.

Results
The bond strength between new [group A] and recast alloy [group B] using three different veneering ceramics were evaluated. It was found that the new or the fresh alloy had highest shear bond strength than the recast alloy. Statistically, it was found that there was significant difference in bond strength between the new and recast alloys, when same type of ceramics was compared. When comparing ceramics, the Noritake group had highest bond strength, while other groups, that is, Vita and Ivoclar had comparatively low bond strength.

Conclusion
From this study, conclusion can be drawn that the use of 50% recast alloy shows reduction in bond strength values. Therefore, the use of recast alloy should not exceed more than 50%, as it would compromise the properties of alloy and the efficacy of bond strength between ceramic and alloy.

How to cite this article
Gosavi S, Wadkar A, Gosavi SY. Ceramometal Bond Strength Analysis using New and Recast Nonprecious Alloys with Three Different Ceramics. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(1):14-20.
Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of an Ectodermal Dysplasia Patient with Artificial Saliva Reservoir in Complete Denture
Authors: Ramkumar K , Debnath Nitai , Gupta Renu , Meenakshi A , Devi A Shakthi 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Ectodermal dysplasia is an inherited disorder accompanied with hypoplasia or dysplasia of the tissues derived from ectodermal origin. Uncommonly, xerostomia can be seen in ectodermal dysplasia. Xerostomia is an unhealthy, uncomfortable, unhygienic condition of the oral cavity, presents with symptoms like soreness, constant burning sensation, halitosis, altered taste, speech and prone for fungal infection. This article presents a case report of an ectodermal dysplasia patient with xerostomia, successfully treated with saliva reservoir denture. Palatal hollow space in upper denture and mandibular hollow denture is used as reservoir space for carboxymethyl cellulose containing artificial saliva, to rehabilitate the complete edentulous mouth with xerostomia.

How to cite this article
Debnath N, Gupta R, Devi AS, Meenakshi A, Ramkumar K. Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of an Ectodermal Dysplasia Patient with Artificial Saliva Reservoir in Complete Denture. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(1): 37-41.
La reconnaissance de la langue des signes québécoise (LSQ) pour le développement de la littératie et de la participation sociale de la personne sourde au Québec
Authors: Letscher Sylvain , Parent Ghyslain , Deslandes Rollande 
Published: September 2013

Le but de cet article est de relever la manière dont, au Québec, les familles, l’école et la communauté facilitent le développement de la participation sociale de personnes sourdes gestuelles ou bilingues au moyen de la littératie. L’étude renvoie au modèle des obstacles et des facilitateurs au développement de la participation sociale de Letscher, Parent et Deslandes (2009). La méthodologie s’appuie sur l’étude de cas qualitative auprès de 22 répondants, dont sept personnes sourdes, leurs mères, pères et enseignants. Les résultats illustrent un contexte d’organisation des services marqué par la difficulté à reconnaître la langue des signes québécoise (LSQ) comme première langue d’apprentissage. Les personnes sourdes présentent un profil de résignation, d’oppression, de résilience ou de libération dans les domaines de l’éducation et du travail, qui prend forme dans le développement de la participation sociale et de la littératie de la personne sourde.
Dialogue réflexif sur les études québécoises de la littératie, le regard des New Literacy Studies
Authors: Papen Uta , Collette Karine 
Published: September 2013

Le texte présente une entrevue avec Uta Papen, préparée par Karine Collette, dans l’objectif de construire un dialogue réflexif différé entre certains traits ou éléments constitutifs des études québécoises publiées dans ce numéro et une perspective théorique considérée comme dominante dans le champ anglo-saxon des études de littératie : les New Literacy Studies. Nous avons voulu recueillir et présenter le regard que peut poser, sur nos études québécoises, un chercheur anglo-américain influencé par l’anthropologie et l’ethnographie, dans le but de nourrir les échanges et la réflexion. Uta Papen incarne ici le courant anglo-saxon et se prête à la mise en scène d’une « entrevue » qui n’a rien de spontané : les textes commentés ont été préalablement échangés ; les questions ont été formulées et présentées à l’avance ; les « réponses » ont été préparées, relues et au besoin peaufinées. Il en ressort un « dialogue » où un grand nombre de voix (des auteurs et des courants de référence) se croisent, se font écho, se questionnent ou s’opposent sous couvert d’une interaction de surface. Un dialogisme laissant peut-être entrevoir, entre les mots et les lignes, des points convergents, en termes de besoins de description et de reconnaissance des littératies locales, contextuelles et culturelles, besoins de décrire et d’analyser les enjeux des littératies en contact. Car les perspectives socioculturelles et idéologiques de description des littératies sont encore rares au Québec, où les visées pragmatiques des études et des projets de terrain infléchissent les travaux dans une orientation majoritairement fonctionnelle.
La traduction de Walt Whitman par Rosaire Dion-Lévesque : les ambiguïtés d’une appropriation
Authors: Rumeau Delphine 
Published: September 2013

La traduction de Whitman par Rosaire Dion-Lévesque, parue à Montréal en 1933, prend sa place dans un dialogue transatlantique avec les traducteurs français. Mais elle s’inscrit surtout dans un moment de l’histoire littéraire et poétique du Québec, plus conscient de sa situation américaine. Elle répond à une aspiration à la modernité et au renouvellement thématique et formel du poème. Pour autant, la traduction et ses paratextes – préface de Louis Dantin, hommage de Dion-Lévesque – témoignent de certaines ambiguïtés. Whitman est ainsi détaché de son ancrage états-unien, et même américain, pour devenir un avatar des mages de l’Orient biblique. C’est que Rosaire Dion-Lévesque se situe sur un terrain résolument moral et religieux, loin des réceptions politiques ou homosexuelles des traducteurs français. L’oeuvre de Whitman a en effet une dimension critique forte dans le Québec très catholique des années 1930. Le poète américain sert de truchement à une refondation religieuse, à une morale qui valorise le corps trop longtemps méprisé par l’âme. Cette traduction marque un tournant dans l’oeuvre poétique de Rosaire Dion-Lévesque : si ses premiers recueils allient une certaine orthodoxie catholique à un ciselage formel parnassien, les suivants se libèrent du carcan de la rime et associent la quête spirituelle à la glorification de la nature et du corps. Mais c’est aussi à un niveau plus collectif qu’elle constitue un pivot, puisque, jugée trop polémique par les éditeurs d’alors, elle sera l’occasion de fonder la première maison d’édition indépendante du clergé, Les Elzévirs, devenue les Éditions du Totem, qui jouera un rôle important dans la critique de la morale canadienne-française et dans l’affirmation de l’américanité du Québec et de sa littérature.
Une entrevue d’Hubert Aquin avec Aldous Huxley : Premier plan, 12 juin 19601
Authors: Gabrielli Nino 
Published: September 2013

Cet article présente une entrevue inédite d’Hubert Aquin avec l’écrivain britannique Aldous Huxley, réalisée dans le cadre de l’émission Premier plan du 12 juin 1960 à la télévision de Radio-Canada. L’analyse des contextes de production, de diffusion et de réception de l’entrevue, située dans le corpus des grands entretiens réalisés en 1960 par Hubert Aquin, permet de mieux saisir l’impact de la carrière journalistique sur la formation intellectuelle de l’écrivain, du militant politique et de l’homme des médias. La réémergence du patrimoine médiatique aquinien, grâce à la nouvelle accessibilité de plusieurs dizaines de documents audiovisuels à l’Université de Montréal, est finalement soulignée, laissant entrevoir de nouvelles perspectives d’études de l’oeuvre.
L’accompagnement entrepreneurial par les Coopératives d’Activité et d’Emploi : des singularités à questionner
Authors: Allard Frédérique , Amans Pascale , Bravo-Bouyssy Ketty , Loup Stéphanie 
Published: September 2013

Centrée sur une coopérative d’activité et d’emploi, cette recherche a pour objectif de révéler les singularités du dispositif d’accompagnement entrepreneurial déployé. L’éclairage de l’ingénierie des compétences est mobilisé à cette fin. Après la présentation de ce dispositif, la caractérisation des modalités qu’il combine permet de dévoiler ses deux niveaux de singularisation : le mix de formation-action et d’alternance d’abord, l’effet amplificateur du cadre collectif et coopératif de l’accompagnement ensuite. La discussion qui s’ensuit confirme la fécondité d’un tel dispositif. La conclusion revient sur la valeur exploratoire de ces résultats tout en dégageant les perspectives d’une recherche longitudinale.
L’accompagnement entrepreneurial par et pour les mampreneurs
Authors: Richomme-Huet Katia , d’Andria Aude 
Published: September 2013

La recherche s’interroge sur la pertinence d’un accompagnement entrepreneurial différencié pour les mampreneurs. A partir d’une étude de cas approfondie portant sur l’unique association française actuellement en activité, la contribution met en avant la structuration et le fonctionnement de cette association qui rassemble des femmes se revendiquant mères et entrepreneurs. Les résultats montrent qu’un accompagnement entrepreneurial différencié a émergé faute de structures et de réponses adaptées à leur besoins et leurs attentes. Insérées dans leur propre structure, les mampreneurs y trouvent le soutien, la proximité et le professionnalisme en lien avec leurs aspirations entrepreneuriale et familiale.
Amino Acid Transporters: Roles for Nutrition and Signalling in Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Van Winkle Lon J 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Amino acids serve both to nourish and signal in cells and, consequently, so do their biomembrane transporters. In fact, some of these transporters may initiate signalling while transporting an amino acid substrate rather than serving simply to transport a signalling molecule. Most amino acid transporters now appear to have been cloned, and virtually all of the cloned transporters are listed in solute carrier tables for easy access online (
http://slc.bioparadigms.org/
). It is more difficult to decide as to which transporters are expressed in a given tissue, and their transport and signalling functions will likely continue to emerge long after all of the transporters have been identified. These ongoing investigations of transporter identification and function for embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are illustrated. Surprisingly, characterisation of amino acid transport in these cells is in its infancy. Thus, they serve as an experimental model for investigating the expression of known and novel transporters.

Key Concepts:

At least 55 genes encode amino acid transporters in a minimum of 10 gene families (see tables at
http://slc.bioparadigms.org/
).

An amino acid may be listed as a substrate for a cloned transporter in these tables even though its transport has not been studied in detail.

The characteristics of cloned amino acid transporters may not correspond to the ways they function in cellular physiology.

Stem cells serve as an experimental model for investigating the expression of known and novel transporters.

Threonine uptake and glutamate exodus from stem cells via transporters each fosters cellular proliferation.

Glutamate exodus from stem cells is needed to stimulate glutamate receptors.

Proline uptake by stem cells promotes their differentiation.

mTOR signalling in stem cells is necessary for both proline‐induced differentiation and threonine‐induced proliferation.

Both threonine and glutamate promote stem cell proliferation by enhancing the expression of cMyc.

Threonine and glutamate likely foster proliferation in human as well as mouse stem cells.
Integrin Superfamily
Authors: Danen Erik HJ 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Integrins are cell‐surface adhesion molecules formed from eight different β chains and 18 different α chains that assemble as heterodimeric transmembrane receptors to mediate cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. The integrin superfamily first emerged in the metazoa and has expanded with evolution creating 24 different integrins in humans, each recognising a distinct subset of extracellular ligands. Ligands include extracellular matrix proteins found in basement membranes such as laminins or in fibrilar matrices such as collagen or fibronectin meshworks, as well as counter receptors on neighbouring cells. The adhesive potential of integrins can be regulated and their cytoplasmic tails connect through a dynamic protein interaction network to the cytoskeleton. Thus, integrins provide cells with the capacity to sense and respond to their microenvironment and they control vital cellular functions for embryonic development, tissue homoeostasis, blood clotting and immunity.

Key Concepts:

Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that mediate cell adhesion to the microenvironment.

More than 600 Mya integrins emerged and the integrin superfamily has expanded throughout evolution.

In humans, 24 different integrins are formed from 18 α and 8 β subunits.

Integrins recognise a wide range of ligands, including extracellular matrix proteins, counter receptors on neighbouring cells, plasma proteins, and microbes and viruses.

Integrins couple the extracellular microenvironment to the cytoskeleton through a protein interaction network associated with their cytoplasmic tails.
Immunological Tolerance: Therapeutic Induction
Authors: Mair Iris , Reynolds Ben C , Anderton Stephen M 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWhen the natural mechanisms of immune tolerance break down, autoimmune or allergic disease can result. There is considerable experimental evidence that the ultimate response to antigen, full immunity or tolerance, is dependent on the activation status of the antigen‐presenting dendritic cells, with those in steady state inducing tolerance. Current therapeutic options either deplete immune cell populations, interfere with immune cell trafficking to the tissues or inhibit inflammatory cytokine function or lymphocyte signalling. Although these treatments can be effective for certain diseases, they carry with them significant adverse effects and it is unlikely that they induce true, long‐lived immune tolerance. Cellular therapies using either tolerogenic dendritic cells or regulatory T cells may be able to achieve this. Alternatively, administration of antigen in tolerogenic form can provide the most specific therapy, with the least risk of adversely affecting normal immune function against infection or neoplasia.Key Concepts:Peripheral tolerance mechanisms consist of lymphocyte apoptosis, anergy and regulation.Current therapeutic options for the clinic can be effective, but in general are nonspecific and may not provide long‐term tolerance.Dendritic cell (DC) activation status determines the type of immune response. Activated DC provokes immunity whereas steady‐state DC promotes tolerance.‘Tolerogenic’ DC can be administered to give protection from autoimmune disease, allergy and graft rejection as shown in animal models, and are being tested for clinical application.Administration of antigen in tolerogenic form (without adjuvant) also provides protection from disease in animal models; however, clinical translation is proving challenging.Transfer of antigen‐specific regulatory T cells (Treg) can also protect against disease, and can be curative in some models.Translation of cellular therapies (using DC or Treg) or tolerogenic antigen will require a fuller understanding of the critical autoantigens/epitopes that drive autoimmune pathology.