bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rehabilitation Exercises for Athletes With Biceps Disorders and SLAP Lesions
Authors: Cools Ann M. , Borms Dorien , Cottens Simon , Himpe Marcia , Meersdom Stijn , Cagnie Barbara 
Published: March 2014

Background: Although rehabilitation exercises are recommended in the nonoperative and postoperative treatment of biceps-related disorders and superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions in overhead athletes, a progressive exercise protocol with controlled low to moderate loads on the biceps has not yet been described. Purpose: To describe a continuum of exercises with progressive low to moderate loads on the biceps based on electromyographic (EMG) analysis. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Using surface electromyography, the EMG activity of 8 muscles (upper [UT], middle [MT], and lower [LT] trapezius; serratus anterior [SA]; anterior [AD] and posterior [PD] portions of the deltoid; and biceps [BB] and triceps [TB] brachii) was measured in 32 healthy participants performing 16 commonly described shoulder rehabilitation exercises. Results: Of the 16 exercises, 13 (side-lying shoulder forward flexion, prone extension, seated rowing, serratus punch, knee push-up plus, internal and external rotation both in 20° and 90° of abduction, forearm supination, uppercut, and internal and external rotation diagonal) showed low (<20% maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]) EMG activity in the BB, and 3 (forward flexion in supination, full can, and elbow flexion in forearm supination) showed moderate (20%-50% MVIC) activity. None of the exercises elicited high (>50% MVIC) EMG activity. Based on the results, a ranking was calculated of the exercises, with mean EMG levels between 2.2% ± 1.24% (during internal rotation against resistance in 90° of shoulder abduction) and 35.9% ± 18.82% (during forward flexion in external rotation and supination) of MVIC. Conclusion: This study describes a continuum of exercises with an increasing level of EMG activity in the BB. Exercises targeting the trapezius resulted in less loads on the biceps compared with exercises for the SA. In addition, exercises with an internal rotation component showed low activity in the BB. In general, the exercises meant to target the BB showed the highest levels of activity in the BB. Clinical Relevance: These results may assist the clinician in the appropriate choice of exercises in a graded rehabilitation program of biceps-related injuries.
Shoulder Activity Level Is Not Associated With the Severity of Symptomatic, Atraumatic Rotator Cuff Tears in Patients Electing Nonoperative Treatment
Authors: Brophy Robert H. , Dunn Warren R. , Kuhn John E. ,   MOON Shoulder Group, Baumgarten Keith M. , Bishop Julie , Carey James L. , Holloway Brian G. , Jones Grant L. , Ma Benjamin C. , Marx Robert G. , McCarty Eric C. , Poddar Souray K. , Smith Matthew V. , Spencer Edwin E. , Vidal Armando F. , Wolf Brian R. , Wright Rick W. 
Published: March 2014

Background: Patient activity level may be an important prognostic variable relating to outcomes in patients with shoulder disorders. Little is known about the predictors of activity level in patients with shoulder disorders. Hypothesis: Tear size and patient variables would be predictive of shoulder activity level in a cohort of patients who have selected initial nonoperative treatment for a symptomatic, atraumatic rotator cuff tear on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients with an atraumatic rotator cuff tear on MRI were prospectively enrolled in the Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network (MOON) shoulder study of nonoperative treatment. As part of routine data collection, these patients were asked to complete a previously validated shoulder activity scale. A regression analysis was performed to assess the association of shoulder activity level to rotator cuff tear characteristics, including tendon involvement and retraction, and patient factors such as age, sex, smoking, and occupation. Results: A total of 434 patients (220 male, 214 female) with a mean age of 62.7 years (range, 31-90 years) completed the activity scale. Shoulder activity was not associated with severity of the rotator cuff tear, but it was negatively associated with age ( P = .0001) and female sex ( P = .001). The only other factor associated with shoulder activity level in this cohort was occupation ( P = .0006). Conclusion: Shoulder activity level in patients with an atraumatic rotator cuff tear confirmed on MRI is not associated with severity of the tear but is affected by age, sex, and occupation.
Predictors of Clinical Outcome After Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Olsson Nicklas , Petzold Max , Brorsson Annelie , Karlsson Jón , Eriksson Bengt I. , Grävare Silbernagel Karin 
Published: March 2014

Background: In patients with an acute Achilles tendon rupture, it has not been possible to determine the superiority of a single specific treatment modality over other treatments with respect to symptoms and function. When several pertinent treatment protocols are available for an injury, it is of interest to understand how other variables, such as age, sex, or physical activity level, affect outcome to better individualize the treatment. Purpose: To investigate predictors of both symptomatic and functional outcomes after an acute Achilles tendon rupture. Study Design: Cohort study (Prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Ninety-three patients (79 men and 14 women; mean age, 40 years) were evaluated prospectively at 3, 6, and 12 months. The main outcome measures in this study were the Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) for symptoms and maximum heel-rise height for function. The independent variables evaluated as possible predictors of outcome included treatment, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity level, symptoms, and quality of life. Results: Treatment, age, BMI, physical activity level, heel-rise height at 6 months, and the ATRS at 3 months were eligible for further analysis. Only male sex was included for the prediction models. The 4 different multiple linear regression models (predicting the ATRS at 6 and 12 months and heel-rise height at 6 and 12 months) were significant ( P < .001-.002), and the R2 values for the models were 0.222 to 0.409. Surgical or nonsurgical treatment is a moderate predictor of symptoms and a weak predictor of heel-rise height after an acute Achilles tendon rupture. At the 6-month follow-up, surgical treatment was associated with a larger heel-rise height, but the opposite was seen at 12 months. Surgical treatment resulted in a lower degree of symptoms. Increasing age was a strong predictor of reduced heel-rise height, and an increase in age of 10 years reduced the expected heel-rise height by approximately 8%. A higher BMI was also a strong predictor of a greater degree of symptoms, and a 5-unit higher BMI predicted a reduction of approximately 10 points in the ATRS. Conclusion: The present study identified important possible predictors of outcome. Despite having a wide range of clinically relevant variables, the models had a limited ability to predict the final individual outcome. In general, the models appear to be better at predicting function than symptoms.
A theoretical framework for the analysis of the current global economic crisis: The financial market and the real economy
Authors: Sarımehmet Duman Özgün 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis article argues that the current global economic crisis is an outcome of the excessive growth of the financial market over the real economy, and hence, of fictitious profits over real profits. In investigating the interrelation between the financial market and the real economy, it makes a comparative inquiry into two key assertions regarding economic crisis within Marxism: the tendency for the rate of profit to fall and overaccumulation of capital. Accepting the claim that economic crisis is inherent to capitalism, this article probes the role of countervailing tendencies in battling the tendency for the rate of profit to fall. While crisis is an outcome of both the extensive growth of fictitious profits and the tendency for the rate of profit to fall, the latter is identified as the fundamental reason for the current crisis. Labour market reforms that were implemented following the emergence of the economic crisis represent the resurgence of countervailing tendencies and are the most explicit evidence that the fundamental reason for the crisis resides in the real economy.
Cleaning and re-using intermittent self catheters: a questionnaire to gauge patient’s perceptions and prejudices
Authors: Moore KC , Lester M , Robinson E , Bagulay N , Pearce I 
Published: March 2014

Introduction: An estimated 60,000 people in the UK are currently performing some form of intermittent catheterisation, using 57.5 million catheters yearly. Current policy in the UK is to utilise single use, disposable catheters: however, this is not worldwide policy as repeated catheter use is common in many nations. The aim of this study was to determine UK patients’ views on re-using catheters and their willingness to re-use catheters. Method: Patients attending the clean intermittent self catheterisation [CISC]/urethral dilatation (UD) clinic over an eight-month period were asked to prospectively complete a standard, anonymous questionnaire. Results: A total of 100 questionnaires were returned, of which two-thirds were from men. Mean age was 61 years, (median 63 years). Indications for CISC/UD were urethral or meatal stenosis (7%), urethral stricture (25%) and residual volume in (67%). The majority of patients (71%) are unwilling to reuse catheters. Women were statistically very significantly more likely to refuse to re-use their catheters, ( p<0.01, Fisher’s exact test). Patients aged 70 years and older were significantly more likely to agree to re-use their catheters compared to those under 70 years, ( p=0.02, Fisher’s exact test). Patients performing intermittent self catheterisation [ISC] up to a maximum of twice per day were statistically more likely to agree to catheter re-use, ( p=0.03, Fisher’s exact test). Risk of infection was the main reason cited (by 87%) to not re-use a catheter. Lack of lubrication and less convenience were other quoted reasons. Finances and less waste were stated reasons to re-use catheters. Conclusions: Certain patient cohorts, men, patients over 70 years old and those performing CISC/UD less than three times daily are significantly more likely to agree to catheter re-usage.
The glutaminase activity of l-asparaginase is not required for anticancer activity against ASNS-negative cells
Authors: Chan Wai Kin , Lorenzi Philip L. , Anishkin Andriy , Purwaha Preeti , Rogers David M. , Sukharev Sergei , Rempe Susan B. , Weinstein John N. 
Published: March 2014

Key PointsWe used molecular dynamics, saturation mutagenesis, and enzymologic screening to develop a glutaminase-free mutant (Q59L) l-ASP. We then used Q59L to show that glutaminase activity is not required for l-ASP activity against ASNS-negative cancer cells.
MerTK-mediated engulfment of pyrenocytes by central macrophages in erythroblastic islands
Authors: Toda Satoshi , Segawa Katsumori , Nagata Shigekazu 
Published: March 2014

Key Points
An in vitro system for the engulfment of pyrenocytes was established using erythroblastic islands. MerTK, a receptor kinase, was essential for the engulfment of pyrenocytes by the central macrophages at erythroblastic islands.
The European initiative for quality management in lung cancer care
Authors: Blum Torsten G. , Rich Anna , Baldwin David , Beckett Paul , De Ruysscher Dirk , Faivre-Finn Corinne , Gaga Mina , Gamarra Fernando , Grigoriu Bogdan , Hansen Niels C.G. , Hubbard Richard , Huber Rudolf Maria , Jakobsen Erik , Jovanovic Dragana , Konsoulova Assia , Kollmeier Jens , Massard Gilbert , McPhelim John , Meert Anne-Pascale , Milroy Robert , Paesmans Marianne , Peake Mick , Putora Paul-Martin , Scherpereel Arnaud , Schönfeld Nicolas , Sitter Helmut , Skaug Knut , Spiro Stephen , Strand Trond-Eirik , Taright Samya , Thomas Michael , van Schil Paul E. , Vansteenkiste Johan F. , Wiewrodt Rainer , Sculier Jean-Paul 
Published: March 2014

Lung cancer is the commonest cause of cancer-related death worldwide and poses a significant respiratory disease burden. Little is known about the provision of lung cancer care across Europe. The overall aim of the Task Force was to investigate current practice in lung cancer care across Europe.The Task Force undertook four projects: 1) a narrative literature search on quality management of lung cancer; 2) a survey of national and local infrastructure for lung cancer care in Europe; 3) a benchmarking project on the quality of (inter)national lung cancer guidelines in Europe; and 4) a feasibility study of prospective data collection in a pan-European setting.There is little peer-reviewed literature on quality management in lung cancer care. The survey revealed important differences in the infrastructure of lung cancer care in Europe. The European guidelines that were assessed displayed wide variation in content and scope, as well as methodological quality but at the same time there was relevant duplication. The feasibility study demonstrated that it is, in principle, feasible to collect prospective demographic and clinical data on patients with lung cancer. Legal obligations vary among countries.The European Initiative for Quality Management in Lung Cancer Care has provided the first comprehensive snapshot of lung cancer care in Europe.
The effect of smoking on spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones
Authors: Fazlioglu Adem , Salman Yilmaz , Tandogdu Zafer , Kurtulus Fatih Osman , Bas Serap , Cek Mete 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
Animal studies have shown that nicotine affects the peristalsis of the ureter. The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of smoking on spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones.

Methods
88 patients in whom distal ureteral stone below 10 mm diameter diagnosed with helical computerized tomography enhanced images were reviewed. Patients were grouped as either smokers (n:33) or non smokers (n:50). Follow-up for spontaneous passage of stones was limited with 4 weeks. Patients did not receive any additional medical treatment other than non-steroid anti inflamatory drugs only during painful renal colic episodes.
Two groups were compared with the chi-square test in terms of passing the stone or not. Stone passage was confirmed with either the patient collecting the stone during urination or by helical CT.

Results
Smoking habits was present in 30(34%) patients and the frequency in both groups were similar (smokers: 23(76%) vs non-smokers: 46(79%)). Spontaneous passage of the stone was observed in 69(78%) patients. The two groups were comparable in terms of patien age, male to female ratio and stone size. Stone passage decreased as stone diameter increased. Total stone passage rates were similar in both groups (smokers: 76% vs. non-smokers: 79%) (p > 0.05). Passage of stones > 4 mm was observed in 46% and 67% of smokers and non-smokers respectively. However passage of stones with a diameter ≤ 4 mm were similar in both groups (smokers: 100% vs non-smokers: 92%) (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
Smoking has neither a favorable nor un-favorable effect on spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones. However, spontaneous passage rates in patients with a stone diameter > 4 mm was lower in smokers. These results should be further confirmed with studies including larger numbers of patients.
Capillary-driven surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based microfluidic chip for abrin detection
Authors: Yang Hao , Deng Min , Ga Shan , Chen Shouhui , Kang Lin , Wang Junhong , Xin Wenwen , Zhang Tao , You Zherong , An Yuan , Wang Jinglin , Cui Daxiang 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Herein, we firstly demonstrate the design and the proof-of-concept use of a capillary-driven surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based microfluidic chip for abrin detection. The micropillar array substrate was etched and coated with a gold film by microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) process to integrate into a lateral flow test strip. The detection of abrin solutions of various concentrations was performed by the as-prepared microfluidic chip. It was shown that the correlation between the abrin concentration and SERS signal was found to be linear within the range of 0.1 ng/mL to 1 μg/mL with a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL. Our microfluidic chip design enhanced the operability of SERS-based immunodiagnostic techniques, significantly reducing the complication and cost of preparation as compared to previous SERS-based works. Meanwhile, this design proved the superiority to conventional lateral flow test strips in respect of both sensitivity and quantitation and showed great potential in the diagnosis and treatment for abrin poisoning as well as on-site screening of abrin-spiked materials.
A refined affine approximation method of multiplication for range analysis in word-length optimization
Authors: Sun Ruiyi , Zhang Yan , Cui Aijiao 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Affine arithmetic (AA) is widely used in range analysis in word-length optimization of hardware designs. To reduce the uncertainty in the AA and achieve efficient and accurate range analysis of multiplication, this paper presents a novel refined affine approximation method, Approximation Affine based on Space Extreme Estimation (AASEE). The affine form of multiplication is divided into two parts. The first part is the approximate affine form of the operation. In the second part, the equivalent affine form of the estimated range of the difference, which is introduced by the approximation, is represented by an extra noise symbol. In AASEE, it is proven that the proposed approximate affine form is the closest to the result of multiplication based on linear geometry. The proposed equivalent affine form of AASEE is more accurate since the extreme value theory of multivariable functions is used to minimize the difference between the result of multiplication and the approximate affine form. The computational complexity of AASEE is the same as that of trivial range estimation (AATRE) and lower than that of Chebyshev approximation (AACHA). The proposed affine form of multiplication is demonstrated with polynomial approximation, B-splines, and multivariate polynomial functions. In experiments, the average of the ranges derived by AASEE is 59% and 89% of that by AATRE and AACHA, respectively. The integer bits derived by AASEE are 2 and 1 b less than that by AATRE and AACHA at most, respectively.
Web 2.0 as Applied to the Point-Rating Systems of Student Achievement Evaluation
Authors: Асоян Тигран , Asoyan Tigran , Погодин Александр , Pogodin Aleksandr , Горбов Леонид , Gorbov Leonid , Щиканов Алексей , Shchikanov Aleksey , Новикова Наталья , Novikova Natalya , Бобкова Наталья , Bobkova Natalya 
Published: March 2014

With the process of European Integration of Higher education under way and the Russian Federation
building up social, political, economic and cultural relations with its European partners, the development
of intraurban, domestic and international academic mobility of Russian HE student is gaining momentum,
attracting increasing numbers of HE institutions.
The article analyses student academic mobility, focusing on the concepts of ‘mobility’ and ‘academic
mobility’ as well as the students’ stance on academic mobility and the state policy in regard to the
phenomenon. The author researches the dynamics of the Russian State University of Tourism and Service student participation in mobility schemes and presents the data collected in the course of a theme pilot testing
surveying undergraduate and post-graduate students of the targeted university.
How Learning Outcomes Assessment Contributes to the Degree of Anxiety Among Seventh and Eighth Graders
Authors: Селищева  , Selishcheva Elena 
Published: March 2014

The concept of school anxiety, its structural components and contributing factors are considered. Specific features of adolescent age are analyzed,
meaning that adolescence is the age of the highest proneness to school anxiety emergence. The rationale is provided for the system of learning
outcomes assessment currently employed as one of the factors contributing to the degree of adolescents’ anxiety. The author also reveals the findings of
comparative analysis of this factor among learners at schools with criterial and with standardized learning outcomes assessment systems and presents
evidence, that the criterial system is more effective and substantially influences on the degree of anxiety among secondary school learners.
Enhancing the process of idea generation in Hong Kong Chinese university students: The Fashion Visual Merchandising experience
Authors: Law Derry , Yip Joanne , Wong Christina , Cheung Mei-Chun 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The provision of skills to students for developing new ideas is important in design education. Success depends on the teaching method and the learning style of the students. Chinese students tend to refer to perceived standards, such as the use of typical and usual ideas in their creative thinking, which makes it difficult for them to generate new design ideas. By using an integrated technique, which consists of a customized assignment, visual learning platform and online virtual interactive display library, the process by which students in this study generate ideas has been explored. The need for aesthetic congruity in the elements of design ideas is an important factor that influences the Hong Kong Chinese students’ generation of new design ideas. The application of an integrated technique was found to reduce the degree of aesthetic congruence and encourage students to explore ideas in more depth. Finally, insights on the idea generation of Hong Kong Chinese students are discussed.
Living artists: Identity, independence and engagement in Fine Art learning
Authors: Logan Cheri 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This article reports on recent research that aimed to identify what Fine Art students learn and how they learn. The study focused on a suite of courses accessible to a qualitative, empirical approach and was informed by contemporary perspectives on learning and knowledge, including sociocultural and situated learning theories. The discussion articulates the links between knowledge and learning in Fine Art, identifying the domain’s values and specialist pedagogies as well as the learner attributes fostered. Fine Art education was found to have particular strengths in: developing learner identities; personalizing learning to support independence; and promoting student engagement. These attributes are developed by participation in the Fine Art community of practice, which fosters the dispositional knowledge underpinning artistic identity. The specialist pedagogies involved are likely to be of wider interest to the higher education (HE) sector, as the strategies that support student engagement, independence and self-responsibility are potentially transferable.
A brave new creativity
Authors: Welch Donald , Loy Jennifer 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Anyone who has taught design in higher education for any length of time knows that the parameters of their work have changed. Design is no longer industry based, but seen as an approach, an attitude, with ways of thinking that can contribute to all programmes across the university system. Ensuring that this new cohort are engaged in authentic, complex problem-based learning and empowered in that learning is a challenge in itself but one of the most important teaching issues is how to instil genuinely creative thinking in students tackling ‘messy’ [i.e. ‘wicked’] problems, unencumbered by the attitudes and approaches of the past. This article discusses the difficulties in achieving the creative learning aims involved, highlights areas that are yet to be resolved and suggests the use of a cognitive apprenticeship model combined with a practical, incremental teaching and assessment model of creativity as a contribution to the way forward.