bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Internal Limiting Membrane Peel and Its Effects on Epiretinal Membrane After Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Haseeb Uzma , Haseeb Muhammad , Mahmood Tauseef 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To determine the effect of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel in post-operative development of epiretinal membrane and to see visual outcomes of patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy with and without ILM peel.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Retina clinic of Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital from July, 2022 to Dec, 2022.
Methods: A total of 60 eyes which underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with silicone oil for Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) were included. Patients with previous vitreoretinal surgery or ocular trauma, macular diseases or coexisting conditions that could affect the outcomes or complicate the surgery were excluded. Group A included patients with ILM peel and Group B included patients with no ILM peel (30 eyes each). Frequency was calculated for gender, epiretinal membrane formation. and was compared between both groups using chi square.
Results: Mean age in group A was 47.63 ± 8.61 years and in group B was 45.36 ± 6.63 years. Gender distribution showed 66.6% males in group A and 43.3% in group B. After 3 months the group A had significantly lower frequency of ERM formation (3.33%) as compared to group B (16.67%) with p <0.05. However, post operativevisual acuity was not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: This study shows that primary ILM peel diminishes the development of ERM and decreases the need for second surgical procedure. However, postsurgical visual acuity between the two groups showed no significant difference.
Optimizing Water Rescue and Rescue Swimming for Elementary School Physical Education Teachers
Authors: Cahyo Yuwono  , Bhayu Billiandri  , Ayutisa Risqanada  , Adi S  
Published: July 2024

Permasalahan (1) Terdapat kasus tenggelam siswa pada saat pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani di Kota Semarang (2) 90% Guru pendidikan jasmani di Gunungpati belum memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan menghadapi kecelakaan di lingkungan kolam renang (3) Guru perlu mengupgrade pengetahuan terkait water rescue yang menjadi kewajiban guru agar tidak mengalami kecelakaan pada saat mengajar pendidikan jasmani (4) 90% mitra belum pernah belajar water rescue dan renang penyelamatan. Meskipun mitra ada yang pernah melakukan water rescue dan renang penyelamatan namun kegiatan tersebut dilakukan pada saat matakuliah di perguruan tinggi. (5) 90% guru kesulitan pada saat ada siswa yang panik dikolam. (6) 100% Guru menyetujui diadakannya pengabdian ini. (7) Dalam satu tahun frekuensi materi renang maksimal dilakukan 1 kali ada yang tidak melakukan sama sekali. Metode penyampaian meliputi pelatihan kelas, demonstrasi, case method dan praktik lapangan langsung kolam renang. Kegiatan ini dilakukan 2 sesi: sesi pertama paparan pengetahuan terkait materi dan sesi kedua adalah praktek lapangan. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk (1) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru (2) meningkatkan profesionalisme guru dalam pembelajaran renang (3) guru mampu mencegah resiko kecelakaan di kolam renang (4) guru bisa melakukan renang penyelamatan. Kegiatan ini berlangsung lancar dan peserta aktif. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di kolam renang Universitas Negeri Semarang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dua sesi. Sesi teori dan sesi praktek. Kegiatan diikuti oleh guru pendidikan jasmani Se Kecamatan Gunungpati.
AVIATION PSYCHOLOGY: ROLE IN SCIENCE, EDUCATION AND SAFETY
Authors: Анищенко Александр Николаевич , Маньшин Алексей Николаевич , Черненков Владимир Ильич 
Published: July 2024

Авиационная психология является отраслью психологии, которая вносит существенный вклад в обеспечение безопасности полетов. Изменения, происходящие на разных уровнях методологии авиационной психологии, требуют оперативного анализа и критической оценки для прогноза ее дальнейшего развития. Целью статьи является изучение современного состояния развития авиационной психологии в науке и образовании, а также её роль в обеспечении безопасности полетов.
Aviation psychology is a branch of psychology that makes a significant contribution to aviation safety. The changes taking place at different levels of the methodology of aviation psychology require operational analysis and critical evaluation in order to predict its further development. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of development of aviation psychology in science and education, as well as its role in ensuring flight safety.
FEATURES OF THE ERGONOMICS OF THE COCKPIT OF A MODERN STATE AVIATION AIRCRAFT AND PROPOSALS FOR ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Бариев Радик Абрарович , Харитонов Владимир Васильевич , Богомолов Алексей Валерьевич , Зинкин Валерий Николаевич 
Published: July 2024

Кабина современных летательных аппаратов представляет собой сложнейшую систему, объединяющая летчика с самолетом и наличием в ней органов управления, которые должны соответствовать физиологическим способностям человека. Анализ функционирования авиационных эргатических систем показывает, что подавляющее большинство авиационных происшествий, инцидентов и предпосылок к ним по-прежнему связаны с «человеческим фактором». Представлены результаты эргономической экспертизы кабины современного летательного аппарата государственной авиации, показавшие, что определение оптимального соотношения элементов традиционных и электронных информационно-управляющих полей в кабинах является актуальным вопросом, требующим безотлагательного решения. Наличие претензий со стороны авиационных специалистов к новым типам создаваемых летательных аппаратов свидетельствует о необходимости более тесной связи между специалистами авиационных конструкторских бюро и авиационными специалистами, начиная с этапа проектирования и на всех последующих этапах разработки авиационных комплексов. Эргономическая экспертиза разрабатываемой авиационной техники является одним из важных направлений в системе мероприятий по обеспечению безопасности полетов.
The cabin of a modern aircraft is a complex system that unites the pilot with the aircraft and the presence of controls in it that must correspond to the physiological abilities of a person. Analysis of the functioning of aviation ergatic systems shows that the vast majority of aviation accidents, incidents and prerequisites for them are still associated with the "human factor". The results of the ergonomicexamination of the cockpit of a modern state aviation aircraft are presented, which showed that determining the optimal ratio of elements of traditional and electronic information and control fields in the cabins is an urgent issue that requires urgent solution. The presence of claims on the part of aviation specialists to new types of aircraft being created indicates the need for closer communication between specialists of aviation design bureaus and aviation specialists, starting from the design stage and at all subsequent stages of the development of aviation complexes. Ergonomic expertise of the developed aviation equipment is one of the important directions in the system of measures to ensure flight safety.
EVALUASI INSTALASI LISTRIK PADA RUANGAN INSTALASI GIZI RUMAH SAKIT ERNALDI BAHAR
Authors: Nurdiana Nita , Al Amin Saleh , Gani Abdul 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi terhadap struktur kelistrikan Gedung Instalasi Gizi RS Ernaldi Bahar dengan mempertimbangkan tegangan, pemilihan penghantar, arus pengaman, dan aspek-aspek kritis lainnya. Hasil pengukuran tegangan dan perhitungan susut tegangan menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini tetap dalam kondisi aman, dengan tingkat susut tegangan berada di bawah batas maksimum 5%, sesuai dengan standar PUIL 2011. Penentuan jenis penghantar didasarkan pada pertimbangan arus, daya, dan jenis beban, dengan rekomendasi kabel yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi susut tegangan. Proses pemilihan arus pengaman dan perangkat keselamatan dilakukan untuk memastikan kinerja dan keselamatan instalasi secara keseluruhan. Meskipun instalasi ini dapat dianggap aman, adanya beberapa komponen yang tidak memenuhi standar menunjukkan perlunya perencanaan ulang. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan pemilihan kabel dan perangkat keselamatan yang sesuai dengan proyeksi kebutuhan di masa mendatang. Evaluasi dilakukan untuk memastikan keandalan instalasi, dengan penekanan khusus pada keselamatan pasien kritis. Oleh karena itu, dianjurkan adanya pemantauan yang terus-menerus, pembaruan sesuai dengan perkembangan kebutuhan, dan perbaikan pada komponen-komponen yang tidak memenuhi standar.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONAL VALUES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDE OF HIGHER SECONDARY LEVEL STUDENTS
Authors: Nisha Gautam  , Dr. Mumtaz Sheikh  
Published: July 2024

Education is a life-long process ( Peter Drucker ) and modification in behavior ( E.A Gates ). Swami Vivekanand said, " you cannot teach a child anymore than You grow a plant". Nelson Mandela said," Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world because has the ability to transfer individuals and societies. Through education, people gain knowledge, skills, and values that contribute to the Development of their communities. The researcher worked of a correlational study of personal values and environmental attitude of higher secondary level students. For this study, the researcher used two standardized tools ( Personal Values , Environmental Attitude Scale ). In this study, through random sampling ( lottery method ) researcher selected 140 students of higher secondary level of the Meerut city. The researcher found there is significant difference between personal values and environmental attitude of male and female students of higher secondary school. According to mean Value of male and female students, there is mean value of male students is higher than female students.
PERFILES EN LAS RELACIONES VIOLENTAS DE PAREJA:
Authors: Barrales Jardón María José , Mendoza González Brenda 
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la violencia en la relación de pareja para identificar perfiles de víctimas, agresores, doble rol víctima/ agresor y no involucrado. Participó una muestra no aleatoria y por conveniencia de 300 mexiquenses (150 mujeres y 150 hombres) que se encontraban en una relación de pareja heterosexual, con rango de edad de 18 a 55 años. Es investigación cuantitativa, con estudio descriptivo y diseño transversal. Para medir la variable de violencia se usó el instrumento Cuestionario de Violencia Sufrida y Ejercida de Pareja (CVSEP). Se realizó un análisis estadístico multivariado a través de un k de medias, para agrupar a los participantes, identificándose los perfiles: víctimas, agresores, doble rol (víctima/agresor) y no involucrados en violencia de pareja. En la descripción de los perfiles, se identifica que participan ambos sexos, destacándose que las mujeres desempeñan más los roles de: agresor, víctima y doble rol (víctima/agresor), por lo que admiten que dirigen y reciben todo tipo de violencia (psicológica, física, sexual y económica) en la relación de pareja. Se discuten los resultados con base en evidencia científica reciente.
Update on the management of pT1 colorectal cancer
Authors: García Robles A , García Ortiz JM 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

With the implementation of CRC screening programs, the incidence of pT1 CRC has increased significantly: up to 40% of colon tumors detected in screening colonoscopies are pT1. Traditionally, the treatment of choice for CRC is surgery with lymph node resection, but pT1 CRC has a very good prognosis with 5-year disease-free survival rates greater than 90% and thanks to advanced endoscopy, it can be treated locally with a minimally invasive approach in many cases. After resection of the lesion, an adequate histological description of the specimen will guide us to make the final decision in the management of pT1 CRC: whether endoscopic resection is considered curative or whether additional surgery will be required to prevent local recurrence, lymphatic dissemination and /or distant metastasis. The decision to proceed with additional surgery or surveillance depends primarily on the estimated oncologic benefit of surgery, operative risk, and patient preferences. It must be taken into account that colorectal surgery carries a significant risk of morbidity and mortality for elderly patients.

Currently we base our decisions on histological criteria, but the natural history of pT1 CRC resected by endoscopy is really unknown and there are not enough quality prospective studies with results after long-term follow-up of pT1 CRC non-surgically managed, especially in the case of high-risk pT1, which would explain the great variability in the management of these patients.

In this thematic review we have analyzed the current state of management of pT1 CRC in the field of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, histological evaluation and its prognostic implications. We have also reviewed the most recent evidence regarding surveillance: how to carry out adequate follow-up and determine the optimal frequency and the most appropriate surveillance method after local resection of pT1 CRC.
Reduced benefit from long-term item frequency contributes to short-term memory deficits in dyslexia
Authors: Kimel Eva , Daikhin Luba , Jakoby Hilla , Ahissar Merav 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDyslexia, a specific difficulty in acquiring proficient reading, is also characterized by reduced short-term memory (STM) capacity. Extensive research indicates that individuals with developmental dyslexia (IDDs) benefit less from exposure, and this hampers their long-term knowledge accumulation. It is well established that long-term knowledge has a great effect on performance in STM tasks, and thus IDDs’ reduced benefit of exposure could potentially reduce their relative performance in such tasks, especially when frequent items, such as digit-words, are used. In this study we used a standard, widely used, STM assessment: the Digit Span subtest from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. The task was conducted twice: in native language and in second language. As exposure to native language is greater than exposure to second language, we predicted that IDDs’ performance in the task administered in native language will reveal a larger group difference as compared to second language, due to IDDs’ reduced benefit of item frequency. The prediction was confirmed, in line with the hypothesis that reduced STM in dyslexia to a large extent reflects reduced benefits from long-term item frequency and not a reduced STM per se.
A comparative evaluation of measures to assess randomness in human-generated sequences
Authors: Angelike Tim , Musch Jochen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhether and how well people can behave randomly is of interest in many areas of psychological research. The ability to generate randomness is often investigated using random number generation (RNG) tasks, in which participants are asked to generate a sequence of numbers that is as random as possible. However, there is no consensus on how best to quantify the randomness of responses in human-generated sequences. Traditionally, psychologists have used measures of randomness that directly assess specific features of human behavior in RNG tasks, such as the tendency to avoid repetition or to systematically generate numbers that have not been generated in the recent choice history, a behavior known as cycling. Other disciplines have proposed measures of randomness that are based on a more rigorous mathematical foundation and are less restricted to specific features of randomness, such as algorithmic complexity. More recently, variants of these measures have been proposed to assess systematic patterns in short sequences. We report the first large-scale integrative study to compare measures of specific aspects of randomness with entropy-derived measures based on information theory and measures based on algorithmic complexity. We compare the ability of the different measures to discriminate between human-generated sequences and truly random sequences based on atmospheric noise, and provide a systematic analysis of how the usefulness of randomness measures is affected by sequence length. We conclude with recommendations that can guide the selection of appropriate measures of randomness in psychological research.
Relación entre Inversión Estratégica en Investigación y Desarrollo y Patentes de Invención en 188 Países
Authors: Alvarado Martínez Roberto , Castillo García Karen Eduvina , Pineda Andrade Bessy Gabriela , Valdez Carias Silvia Denise , Centeno Lagos Roger Eduardo , Varela Oliva Jennifer Gabriela 
Published: July 2024

La investigación tuvo como objetivo correlacionar el gasto en investigación "y" desarrollo, y patentes de invención por país. La investigación es descriptiva, correlacional y longitudinal. La hipótesis era que, a mayor gasto en investigación y desarrollo, "aumenta la cantidad de Patentes de invención". Se hizo estadística descriptiva: en la variable "X" (gasto en investigación y desarrollo por país) y para la variable "Y" (patentes de invención por país); ambas variables fueron correlacionadas por país, en décadas, de 1996 al 2020. Los resultados revelan que: a) En materia inventiva se logran mejores resultados si la inversión en investigación y desarrollo tanto pública como privada supera el 2% del producto interno bruto (PIB) respaldado en la figura 3 y figura 6. b) Ambas variables tienen asimetría positiva en la figura 4 y figura 5. c) Se utilizó un alfa de significancia de: α=0.05, de 1996 al 2020 la prueba confiabilidad en promedio resultó en: P(T<=t) dos colas = 0.017390334, por lo que se rechaza la hipótesis nula, de que no existe relación entre las variables. d) En la tabla 1, muestra los países con una correlación mayor a +0.50 en la década de 1990 a 1999 hay 29 países, de 2000 y 2009 34 países y de 2010-2020 7 países. La conclusión es que: La inversión en investigación y desarrollo es una de las palancas que posibilita a los países romper con el desfase en innovación, y permite llevar a las empresas, inversionistas y la sociedad a un mundo nuevo y creativo.
Composition of indicator bacteria in industrial and garden keeping of chickens
Authors: BEZPALKO Oleksandr , USHKALOV Artem , DAVYDOVSKA Liliana , USHKALOV Valerii , MACHUSKYY Oleksandr , MELNYK Volodymyr , SHEVCHENKO Oleksii , MUSIIETS Iryna 
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The intestinal microbiocenosis is the most complex and important biotope of the body formed in the process of individual development.
Material and methods. The study was conducted on groups of 20-25-day-old chicks. The first group was housed under standard vivarium conditions with artificially maintained optimal climatic parameters. The second group was raised in a rural homestead in the Kyiv region, on pasture with access to water, and fed twice daily with a blend of grains supplemented with kitchen wastes. Samples of chicken droppings (10 per group) were analyzed according to current international ISO standards using certified nutrient media and equipment.
Results. Escherichia coli, Klebsiellas spp., Enterococcus spp. were isolated from 100% of samples from chickens kept in simulated conditions of an industrial poultry house, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from 70% of samples. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were isolated from free-range chickens in 100% of cases. The analysis revealed that in pasture-raised chickens, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were absent from the litter, with significantly higher levels of normal microflora (Enterococcus spp.).
Conclusions. Backyard-raised chickens showed no pathogenic zoonotic bacteria, in contrast to those raised under controlled conditions with optimal climate and standard diets.
Висновки. Виявлено відмінності у складі індикаторних бактерій курячого посліду за різних умов утримання. Встановлено відсутність патогенних зоонозних бактерій у курей в умовах подвірного утримання, на відміну від курей, які утримувалися в умовах штучного забезпечення оптимальних кліматичних умов на стандартному раціоні.
Foreign trade and domestic networks — A few remarks on the organisation of tributary embassies to China in the Muromachi period
Authors: Oláh Csaba 
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to rethink the connection between foreign trade and domestic economy in late medieval Japan.The article takes a look at the financial side of the tributary missions to Ming China, investigating how commodities for tribute and for trade were organised. In the 1970s, Sasaki Gin’ya was the first to criticise that research on foreign trade and research on the domestic economy were being conducted separately. He emphasised the importance of complex interdisciplinary research in order to reveal the connection between foreign trade and the domestic economy. Even though this issue had been previously raised, no research had been conducted with the explicit purpose of connecting foreign trade and the domestic economy during the Muromachi period until the past two decades. Contributions that have been made in recent years have aimed at revealing the connections between domestic commercial or religious networks with foreign relations, mainly focusing on the role of Zen monks in diplomacy and trade and on the import and distribution of commodities from China. In Western scholarship, this topic is still under-researched and provides potential for further investigations.
Thus, the paper tries to provide an inventory of case studies that help us imagine and understand what kinds of connections existed between domestic networks and foreign trade in medieval Japan that made the procuring of tribute items and commercial products for official trade in China possible. Being aware of networks in medieval society, such as the religious network—and also closely connected to that the commercial network—of Honganji or Tenryūji, can help us connect the scattered and loose information in the sources, in order to explain what contributed to the development of foreign trade. The paper argues that despite the weakening of shogunal power, tributary trade continued because the structure of ship management transformed. Tribute ships became part of commercial ventures backed by the flourishing late medieval Japanese economy, and the increase of capital led to an increase in investors who were ready to participate in trade with China. The way that products were procured shows different patterns that provide good examples to help us understand how local commercial, social, and religious networks were utilised for procuring Japanese commodities.