bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pilot Plant‐Scale Ultrasound on Palm Oil Separation and Oil Quality
Authors: Juliano P. , Swiergon P. , Lee K. H. , Gee P. T. , Clarke P. T. , Augustin M. A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe effects of ultrasonic standing waves on palm oil separation of ex‐screw press feed from the mesocarp of the palm oil fruit, oil recovery and oil quality were determined. The ex‐screw press feed at 85 °C was pumped simultaneously into two identical vessels. One vessel was the control (non‐ultrasound) and the other vessel (ultrasound) was fitted with two 400 kHz transducer plates operating at 13.4 kJ/kg, which were placed in direct contact with the feed. Oiling‐off by gravity settling occurred at faster rates after sonication. The total recoverable oil after 30 min gravity settling and upon centrifuging the underflow sludge (remaining colloidal fraction) at 1000×g was higher after sonication. Total recoverable oil was 30.7 ± 2.9 % and 43.5 ± 8.6 % (w/w original feed basis) for the non‐sonicated and sonicated samples respectively. Sonication reduced the oil content of the sludge ex‐centrifuge, demonstrating that higher recovery of palm oil was obtained with ultrasound application. Sonication did not affect the DOBI (deterioration of bleachability index) value, and vitamin E and free fatty acid contents of the separated oil. High‐frequency ultrasound enhances the separation rate of palm oil and increases oil recovery without compromising oil quality.
Enrichment of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids of Refined Hoki Oil
Authors: Tengku‐Rozaina Tengku Mohamad , Birch Edward John 
Published: May 2013

AbstractEnrichment of the omega‐3 (n‐3) fatty acids of refined hoki oil (RHO) intact triglycerides (TG) and via free fatty acids (FFA), was carried out in the present study using established methods of dry fractionation (DF), low temperature solvent crystallization (LTSC) and urea complexation (UC) and positional distribution of fatty acids in the intact TG was determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. Results showed that n‐3 fatty acids were enriched in liquid fractions of all methods except DF, where the highest concentration was obtained via the UC method (83.00 %). The FFA form of the oil produced a higher concentration (40.81 %) of n‐3 fatty acids via the LTSC method compared to the TG form (31.50 %). The percentages of the total saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the liquid fractions in all methods were lower, ranging from 1.60 % (UC) to 21.44 % (DF) compared to the RHO parent oil (24.05 %). The percentages of total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the liquid fractions were similar to the solid fractions except for the UC method where total MUFA was six times higher in the solid fraction. In LTSC‐FFA and UC methods, the enrichment factor for EPA was lower, ranging from 1.61 (LTSC‐FFA) to 2.83 (UC), than DHA which ranged from 1.64 (LTSC‐FFA) to 3.88 (UC). EPA was preferentially located at the sn‐1,3 position and DHA was significantly located at the sn‐2 position which is the favoured location for intestinal digestion.
Effect of Extraction Solvent on Oil and Bioactives Composition of Commercial Indian Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) Seed
Authors: Bhatnagar Ajit Singh , Gopala Krishna Ambale Gundappa 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCommercially available niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) seed was investigated to evaluate the effect of extraction solvent on oil and bioactives composition. For this purpose, niger seeds were subjected to solvent extraction using solvents of different polarity, viz., hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, methanol and ethanol. The oil content of niger seeds obtained after extraction with solvents of different polarities was in the range of 31.8–41.3 g/100 g. The extracted oil was characterized by the following parameters: color (40.0–95.0 Lovibond units), free fatty acids (3.6–12.3 g/100 g), peroxide value (3.2–7.8 mequiv O2/kg), iodine value (137.6–140.3 cg I2/g), saponification value (177.3–185.9 mg KOH/g) and unsaponifiable matter (1.3–4.3 g/100 g). Among fatty acids, linoleic acid (69.4–73.2 %) was the major fatty acid and trilinolein (31.2–33.4 %) was the major triacylglycerol. The composition of bioactive molecules was 171.9–345.8 ppm of total tocopherols; 247.1–2,647.7 ppm of total phenolics; 1,249.6–6,309.3 ppm of total sterols and 18.9–181.0 ppm of total carotenoids. Among the tocopherols, α‐tocopherol was the major component with 154–276 ppm. Of the total phenolics, vanillic acid with 176–1,709 ppm was the major phenolic compound in the oil extracted using different solvents. Ethanol‐extracted oil showed a 13.9‐fold better oxidative stability and a higher radical scavenging activity (IC50 value of 9.2 mg/mL) compared to hexane‐extracted oil (IC50 value of 40.3 mg/mL). This is probably the first report of its kind on solvent extractability of bioactives of niger seed.
RegaDB: community-driven data management and analysis for infectious diseases
Authors: Libin Pieter , Beheydt Gertjan , Deforche Koen , Imbrechts Stijn , Ferreira Fossie , Van Laethem Kristel , Theys Kristof , Carvalho Ana Patricia , Cavaco-Silva Joana , Lapadula Giuseppe , Torti Carlo , Assel Matthias , Wesner Stefan , Snoeck Joke , Ruelle Jean , De Bel Annelies , Lacor Patrick , De Munter Paul , Van Wijngaerden Eric , Zazzi Maurizio , Kaiser Rolf , Ayouba Ahidjo , Peeters Martine , de Oliveira Tulio , Alcantara Luiz C. J. , Grossman Zehava , Sloot Peter , Otelea Dan , Paraschiv Simona , Boucher Charles , Camacho Ricardo J. , Vandamme Anne-Mieke 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Summary: RegaDB is a free and open source data management and analysis environment for infectious diseases. RegaDB allows clinicians to store, manage and analyse patient data, including viral genetic sequences. Moreover, RegaDB provides researchers with a mechanism to collect data in a uniform format and offers them a canvas to make newly developed bioinformatics tools available to clinicians and virologists through a user friendly interface.
Availability and implementation: Source code, binaries and documentation are available on http://rega.kuleuven.be/cev/regadb. RegaDB is written in the Java programming language, using a web-service-oriented architecture.
Contact: pieter.libin@rega.kuleuven.be
Further Steps in TANGO: improved taxonomic assignment in metagenomics
Authors: Alonso-Alemany Daniel , Barré Aurélien , Beretta Stefano , Bonizzoni Paola , Nikolski Macha , Valiente Gabriel 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Motivation: TANGO is one of the most accurate tools for the taxonomic assignment of sequence reads. However, because of the differences in the taxonomy structures, performing a taxonomic assignment on different reference taxonomies will produce divergent results.
Results: We have improved the TANGO pipeline to be able to perform the taxonomic assignment of a metagenomic sample using alternative reference taxonomies, coming from different sources. We highlight the novel pre-processing step, necessary to accomplish this task, and describe the improvements in the assignment process. We present the new TANGO pipeline in details, and, finally, we show its performance on four real metagenomic datasets and also on synthetic datasets.
Availability: The new version of TANGO, including implementation improvements and novel developments to perform the assignment on different reference taxonomies, is freely available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/taxoassignment/.
Contact: valiente@lsi.upc.edu
The epidemiology of heart failure, based on data for 2.1 million inhabitants in Sweden
Authors: Zarrinkoub Ramin , Wettermark Björn , Wändell Per , Mejhert Märit , Szulkin Robert , Ljunggren Gunnar , Kahan Thomas 
Published: May 2013

AimsThe epidemiology of congestive heart failure (CHF) is likely to have changed due to changes in demography, risk factors, diagnostic procedures, and medical care. Prevailing information is in part old, incomplete, and to some extent contradictory. We determined the current prevalence, incidence, mortality, and 5‐year survival rate of CHF, and possible temporal changes in Sweden.Methods and resultsThis was a cross‐sectional study on individual patient data from an administrative health data register in the Stockholm region, Sweden, comprising 2.1 million inhabitants. This contained all recorded diagnoses on all consultations in primary and secondary care (defined as specialist outpatient care), and on all hospitalizations. Prevalence, incidence, and mortality were estimated for the entire Swedish population, adjusted for demographic composition in 2010. The study population consisted of 88 038 patients (51% women). The prevalence was 2.2% (both women and men), the incidence was 3.8/1000 person‐years (both women and men), and mortality was 3.2/1000 person‐years in women and 3.0/1000 person‐years in men (P < 0.001); the 5‐year survival rate was 48%. Mortality (age adjusted; hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals) was higher in men, 1.29, 1.24—1.34; P < 0.001. Prevalence remained essentially unchanged from 2006 to 2010, while incidence decreased by 24% (P < 0.001) and mortality by 19% (both women and men; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe estimated prevalence of CHF in Sweden is 2.2%, incidence 3.8/1000 person‐years, and mortality 3.1/1000 person‐years. There has been a decrease in incidence and mortality from 2006 to 2010 in both women and men, with no major change in prevalence over time.
Double‐Blind Comparative Trial With 2 Antiregurgitation Formulae
Authors: Vandenplas Y. , Leluyer B. , Cazaubiel M. , Housez B. , Bocquet A. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTBackground and Aim:Many mothers consult physicians because of frequent infant regurgitation. Guidelines recommend reassurance and dietary treatment as first approaches. The aim of the present study was to test and compare the efficacy of 2 antiregurgitation formulae (ARF).Methods:A prospective, double‐blind, randomized cross‐over trial was performed for a 1‐month period in 115 formula‐fed infants (ages 2 weeks–5 months) comparing 2 ARF (ARF‐1: nonhydrolyzed protein, locust bean gum; ARF‐2: specific whey hydrolysate, locust bean gum, specially treated starch). The primary endpoint was the incidence of regurgitation.Results:At inclusion, mean age was 9.1 weeks; anthropometric parameters did not differ between the groups. According to the intention‐to‐treat analysis, the mean number of episodes of regurgitation decreased from 8.25 to 2.32 with ARF‐1 and to 1.89 with ARF‐2 (statistically significant difference between both ARF, P = 0.0091). The mean score of regurgitated volume decreased significantly more with ARF‐2 than with ARF‐1 (P = 0.0265). There was no significant difference in stool frequency and consistency between both groups.Conclusions:The efficacy of both ARF was demonstrated by the decreased number and volume of regurgitations. ARF‐2 was statistically more effective than ARF‐1. Comparative trials enable the selection of the best therapeutic option.
Health‐Related Quality of Life in Children With Intestinal Failure
Authors: Sanchez Sabrina E. , McAteer Jarod P. , Goldin Adam B. , Horslen Simon , Huebner Colleen E. , Javid Patrick J. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:Survival of infants with intestinal failure (IF) has increased in the past decade; however, data on their health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) are lacking. We hypothesized that HRQOL would be lower among children with IF compared with that of healthy children.Methods:We performed a cross‐sectional study of the HRQOL of children enrolled in the outpatient intestinal rehabilitation program at Seattle Children's Hospital using the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales parent proxy‐report and the Family Impact Module questionnaires. Parents were asked 2 open‐ended questions pertaining to the suitability and completeness of the PedsQL to assess their and their child's HRQOL.Results:Parents of 23 children with IF completed the questionnaires. Compared with norms for healthy children, parents reported significantly lower total PedsQL scores for children ages 1 to 2 years (mean difference −13.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] −21.86 to −4.46; P = 0.003) and 2 to 6 years (mean difference −15.57, 95% CI −22.66 to −8.48; P < 0.001). Scores were also lower for children younger than 1 year (mean difference −6.43, 95% CI −13.93 to 1.07), although this test was not statistically significant. No measured demographic or clinical characteristics were associated with HRQOL. The majority of parents (65%) said the PedsQL failed to address important effects of IF on children and their families.Conclusions:Children with IF and their parents have a decreased HRQOL compared with healthy children as measured by the PedsQL survey. A disease‐specific module or separate HRQOL questionnaire is needed for a more comprehensive assessment of HRQOL in children with IF.
Self‐Management in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Hommel Kevin A. , Greenley Rachel N. , Maddux Michele Herzer , Gray Wendy N. , Mackner Laura M. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThis clinical report aims to review key self‐management and adherence issues in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to provide recommendations for health care providers regarding evidence‐based assessment and treatment approaches to promote optimal self‐management. Self‐management difficulties in the form of nonadherence to treatment regimens are common in pediatric IBD and are influenced by various disease‐related, individual, family, and health professional relationship factors. To promote adaptive self‐management, health care providers are encouraged to adopt a long‐term preventive orientation, which includes routine screening of barriers to self‐management and nonadherence in the context of routine clinic appointments. The use of a multimethod approach to assessment that incorporates objective measures (eg, pill counts or bioassays) may be particularly advantageous. Individualized treatment approaches that incorporate evidence‐based practices, such as providing written treatment plans and offering opportunities to practice and receive feedback on skills, may help to ameliorate minor self‐management concerns; however, more severe or chronic self‐management problems may require a referral for behavioral health intervention. Additional research to broaden our understanding of self‐management in domains beyond medication adherence and to evaluate the effect of clinic‐based interventions is imperative.
Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases UBP12 and UBP13 Act in Circadian Clock and Photoperiodic Flowering Regulation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Cui Xia , Lu Falong , Li Yue , Xue Yongming , Kang Yanyuan , Zhang Shuaibin , Qiu Qi , Cui Xiekui , Zheng Shuzhi , Liu Bin , Xu Xiaodong , Cao Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is involved in most cellular processes. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation regulates the stability of key components of the circadian clock feedback loops and the photoperiodic flowering pathway. Here, we identified two ubiquitin-specific proteases, UBP12 and UBP13, involved in circadian clock and photoperiodic flowering regulation. Double mutants of ubp12 and ubp13 display pleiotropic phenotypes, including early flowering and short periodicity of circadian rhythms. In ubp12 ubp13 double mutants, CONSTANS (CO) transcript rises earlier than that of wild-type plants during the day, which leads to increased expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T. This, and analysis of ubp12 co mutants, indicates that UBP12 and UBP13 regulate photoperiodic flowering through a CO-dependent pathway. In addition, UBP12 and UBP13 regulate the circadian rhythm of clock genes, including LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL, CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1, and TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION1. Furthermore, UBP12 and UBP13 are circadian controlled. Therefore, our work reveals a role for two deubiquitinases, UBP12 and UBP13, in the control of the circadian clock and photoperiodic flowering, which extends our understanding of ubiquitin in daylength measurement in higher plants.
Antagonistic Basic Helix-Loop-Helix/bZIP Transcription Factors Form Transcriptional Modules That Integrate Light and Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling inArabidopsis
Authors: Chen Dongqin , Xu Gang , Tang Weijiang , Jing Yanjun , Ji Qiang , Fei Zhangjun , Lin Rongcheng 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe critical developmental switch from heterotrophic to autotrophic growth of plants involves light signaling transduction and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS function as signaling molecules that regulate multiple developmental processes, including cell death. However, the relationship between light and ROS signaling remains unclear. Here, we identify transcriptional modules composed of the basic helix-loop-helix and bZIP transcription factors PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR1 (PIF1), PIF3, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), and HY5 HOMOLOGY (HYH) that bridge light and ROS signaling to regulate cell death and photooxidative response. We show that pif mutants release more singlet oxygen and exhibit more extensive cell death than the wild type during Arabidopsis thaliana deetiolation. Genome-wide expression profiling indicates that PIF1 represses numerous ROS and stress-related genes. Molecular and biochemical analyses reveal that PIF1/PIF3 and HY5/HYH physically interact and coordinately regulate the expression of five ROS-responsive genes by directly binding to their promoters. Furthermore, PIF1/PIF3 and HY5/HYH function antagonistically during the seedling greening process. In addition, phytochromes, cryptochromes, and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 act upstream to regulate ROS signaling. Together, this study reveals that the PIF1/PIF3-HY5/HYH transcriptional modules mediate crosstalk between light and ROS signaling and sheds light on a new mechanism by which plants adapt to the light environments.
Ventricular repolarization in a rat model of global heart failure
Authors: Krandycheva Valeria , Kharin Sergey , Strelkova Marina , Shumikhin Konstantin , Sobolev Aleksey , Shmakov Dmitry 
Published: May 2013

Summary

Isoproterenol in high doses induces infarction‐like myocardial damage and structural and functional remodelling of the ventricular myocardium. The purpose of the present study was to investigate ventricular repolarization in a rat model of isoproterenol‐induced heart failure.

Isoproterenol was administered twice to female Wistar rats (170 mg/kg, s.c., 24 h apart). Four weeks after the injections, cardiac output was measured and unipolar epicardial ventricular electrograms were recorded in situ. Activation–recovery intervals were calculated to assess repolarization. Histological examination of the heart ventricles was also performed.

Heart failure in rats treated with isoproterenol was indicated by myocardial histopathological damage and reduced cardiac output. In rats with heart failure, the regional differences in activation–recovery interval prolongation over the ventricular epicardium resulted in increasing heterogeneity in the activation–recovery interval distribution and increasing repolarization heterogeneity of the ventricular subepicardium.

Myocardial damage and haemodynamic changes in heart failure induced by isoproterenol were accompanied by significant changes in ventricular repolarization, which were not associated with myocardial hypertrophy.
Rapid Heating of Alaska Pollock and Chicken Breast Myofibrillar Proteins as Affecting Gel Rheological Properties
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Stevenson Clint D. , Lanier Tyre C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSurimi seafoods (fish/poikilotherm protein) in the U.S.A. are typically cooked rapidly to 90+°C, while comminuted products made from land animals (meat/homeotherm protein) are purposely cooked much more slowly, and to lower endpoint temperatures (near 70 °C). We studied heating rate (0.5, 25, or 90 °C/min) and endpoint temperature (45 to 90 °C) effects on rheological properties (fracture, small strain) of washed myofibril gels derived from fish (Alaska pollock) compared with chicken breast at a common pH (6.75). This was contrasted with published data on gelation kinetics of chicken myosin over the same temperature range. Heating rate had no effect on fracture properties of fish gels but slow heating did yield somewhat stronger, but not more deformable, chicken gels. Maximum gel strength by rapid heating could be achieved within 5 min holding after less than 1 min heating time. Dynamic testing by small strain revealed poor correspondence of the present data to that published for gelling response of chicken breast myosin in the same temperature range. The common practice of reporting small‐strain rheological parameters measured at the endpoint temperature was also shown to be misleading, since upon cooling, there was much less difference in rigidity between rapidly and slowly heated gels for either species.
Advances in sex determination in bats and its utility in wind‐wildlife studies
Authors: Korstian J. M. , Hale A. M. , Bennett V. J. , Williams D. A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe developed a simple and reliable genetic method to determine sex in bats from the Vespertilionidae and Molossidae families. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify a portion of the introns within the zinc‐finger‐X (Zfx) and zinc‐finger‐Y (Zfy) genes. We designed primers to produce size variation between the Zfx and Zfy products that could be visualized using gel electrophoresis. Using an example from our wind‐wildlife research, we show how sex data generated using this method are superior to sex data based on external morphology. Our method allows for the generation of sex data across a wide range of bats that can be used to address key questions in wildlife forensics, behavioural ecology, conservation and evolutionary biology.
Young and old genetically heterogeneous HET3 mice on a rapamycin diet are glucose intolerant but insulin sensitive
Authors: Lamming Dudley W. , Ye Lan , Astle Clinton M. , Baur Joseph A. , Sabatini David M. , Harrison David E. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryRapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, extends the life span of yeast, worms, flies, and mice. Interventions that promote longevity are often correlated with increased insulin sensitivity, and it therefore is surprising that chronic rapamycin treatment of mice, rats, and humans is associated with insulin resistance (J Am Soc Nephrol., 19, 2008, 1411; Diabetes, 00, 2010, 00; Science, 335, 2012, 1638). We examined the effect of dietary rapamycin treatment on glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in the genetically heterogeneous HET3 mouse strain, a strain in which dietary rapamycin robustly extends mean and maximum life span. We find that rapamycin treatment leads to glucose intolerance in both young and old HET3 mice, but in contrast to the previously reported effect of injected rapamycin in C57BL/6 mice, HET3 mice treated with dietary rapamycin responded normally in an insulin tolerance test. To gauge the overall consequences of rapamycin treatment on average blood glucose levels, we measured HBA1c. Dietary rapamycin increased HBA1c over the first 3 weeks of treatment in young animals, but the effect was lost by 3 months, and no effect was detected in older animals. Our results demonstrate that the extended life span of HET3 mice on a rapamycin diet occurs in the absence of major changes in insulin sensitivity and highlight the importance of strain background and delivery method in testing effects of longevity interventions.