bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Types of sensory disability are differentially associated with mental health in older US adults over time
Authors: Wang Alexander Z. , Wroblewski Kristen E. , Hawkley Louise , Pinto Jayant M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSensory disability in older adults is associated with increased rates of depressive symptoms and loneliness. Here, we examined the impact of hearing, vision, and olfaction disability on mental health outcomes in older US adults.MethodsWe studied respondents from the first three rounds (2005/6, 2010/11, and 2015/16) of the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project, a nationally representative, longitudinal study of older US adults. Sensory function was assessed by structured interviewer ratings (hearing and vision) and objective assessment (olfaction). Cox proportional hazards models and one degree of freedom tests for trend were utilized to analyze the relationships between sensory disability and self‐rated mental health, frequent depressive symptoms, frequent perceived stress, frequent anxiety symptoms, and frequent loneliness symptoms over time, adjusting for demographics, health behaviors, comorbidities, and cognitive function.ResultsWe analyzed data from 3940 respondents over 10 years of follow‐up. A greater number of sensory disabilities was associated with greater hazard of low self‐rated mental health, frequent depressive symptoms, frequent perceived stress, and frequent loneliness symptoms over time (p ≤ 0.003, all). After adjusting for covariates, older adults with a greater number of sensory disabilities had greater hazard of low self‐rated mental health (HR = 1.22, CI = [1.08, 1.38], p = 0.002) and loneliness symptoms (HR = 1.13, CI = [1.05, 1.22], p = 0.003) over time in our tests for trend. In our Cox proportional hazards model, older adults with vision disability had greater hazard of low self‐rated mental health (HR = 1.34, 95% CI = [1.05, 1.72], p = 0.02) and loneliness symptoms (HR = 1.21, CI = [1.04, 1.41], p = 0.01).ConclusionsOlder US adults with greater numbers of sensory disabilities face worse subsequent mental health. Future longitudinal studies dissecting the relationship of all five classical senses will be helpful in further understanding how improving sensory function might improve mental health in older adults.
The effectiveness of the in‐person and online Gottman Seven Principles Couple Enhancement Program: A propensity score matching design
Authors: Zahl‐Olsen Rune , Thuen Frode , Bertelsen Thomas Bjerregaard 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effectiveness of the 12‐h Gottman Seven Principles couple enhancement program delivered in person and online. In Norway, we recruited 490 participants and 242 people for a control group. All were in close relationships. The revised dyadic adjustment scale (RDAS) was used to assess the quality of their relationships before and after program participation, and at 6‐month follow‐up. Repeated measures ANOVA, t tests, reliable change, and multilevel multiple regression using propensity score matching to control for confounders were used to investigate the effectiveness of the course. The results demonstrate that the Gottman Seven Principles course improves couple relationships and is equally effective whether delivered in person or online. Furthermore, it does not matter whether there are therapists with a clinical background delivering the course, suggesting that the material itself is sufficient.
Investigating the role of adversity and benevolence beliefs in predicting prosociality
Authors: Lim Daniel , Poulin Michael J. , Shaffer‐Morrison C. Dale , Ministero Lauren M. , Silver Roxane Cohen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDoes experiencing adversity engender kindness, and if so, for whom? Two studies tested the hypothesis that adversity predicts increased pro‐social outcomes, and that this relationship is strongest for individuals who view others as good and trustworthy, or benevolent.MethodIn Study 1, a cross‐sectional survey design was utilized, and in Study 2 a longitudinal survey was conducted.ResultsIn Study 1 (N = 359), the number of lifetime adverse life events was associated with increased volunteering, empathic concern, and self‐reported altruism. The association of adversity and altruism was stronger for those with greater benevolence beliefs. In Study 2 (N = 1157), benevolence beliefs were assessed, and in subsequent years, adverse life events were reported. The number of past‐year adverse life events predicted more volunteering and charitable involvement, but only among people with high benevolence beliefs.ConclusionExposure to adversity may be associated with increased pro‐social behavior among those with higher benevolence beliefs. In part, this could be due to benevolence beliefs increasing the expectation that one's efforts will be appreciated and reciprocated.
Investigating extrusion impact on functional, textural properties, morphological structure, and molecular interactions in hulless barley‐based extruded snacks supplemented with mung bean
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Singh Baljit , Singh Arashdeep 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe effect of varying extrusion conditions on the functional properties of hulless barley–mung bean (70:30) extruded snacks was investigated using response surface methodology with feed moisture (FM), barrel temperature (BT), and screw speed (SS) as process variables. Results revealed significant impacts on functional characteristics with varying extrusion conditions. Bulk density (BD) of extruded snacks ranged from 0.24 to 0.42 g/cm3, showing that lower FM and higher BT results in lower BD while it increased with increasing FM, SS, and BT. The expansion ratio (ER) of extruded snacks ranged between 2.03 and 2.33, showing BT and SS had a desirable positive effect, whereas increasing FM led to decreased ER. Increasing BT and SS depicted a negative effect on water absorption index, whereas FM showed positive effect, which ranged between 4.21 and 4.82 g/g. A positive effect on water solubility index was depicted by BT and SS, which ranges between 9.01% and 13.45%, as higher SS and BT led to starch degradation and increased solubility suggesting better digestibility. The hardness of extruded snacks ranged from 32.56 to 66.88 Newton (N), showing increasing FM increased hardness, whereas higher SS and BT resulted in lowering the hardness. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) analysis revealed structural changes in extrudates in comparison with nonextruded flour, indicating starch gelatinization and pore formation affected by varying processing parameters. Shifts in absorption bands were observed in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), suggesting structural changes in starch and protein. Understanding the effects of extrusion parameters on product properties can help tailored production to meet consumers' preferences and the development of functional snacks with improved nutritional quality.
Durable complete response in a patient with leptomeningeal melanoma after treatment with dabrafenib, trametinib, and nivolumab
Authors: Lochrin Sarah E. , Buonocore Darren J. , Young Robert J. , Kaley Thomas J. , Postow Michael A. , Wolchok Jedd D. , Shoushtari Alexander N. , Momtaz Parisa , Betof Warner Allison S. , Callahan Margaret K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLeptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a devastating complication of melanoma with a dismal prognosis. We present the case of a young man with stage IV BRAF V600E mutant melanoma with lung, lymph node, and brain metastases initially treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab, who subsequently developed LMD. Upon change to BRAF/MEK targeted therapy with nivolumab, a durable complete response was achieved and remains ongoing, off treatment, 7 years from diagnosis. Management of symptomatic LMD remains a critical unmet clinical challenge, with limited clinical trial data. This exceptional case is instructive, as the first published case of the use of the triplet, and the first durable response with therapy discontinuation, in melanoma LMD. The triple‐drug regimen may be considered a viable option in fit patients. This case highlights the potential for long‐term disease control and the critical and urgent need to develop clinical trials inclusive of patients with LMD to define the best treatment strategies.
Antenna development, function and its direct or indirect impact on physiology and behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Dhar Gyanaseni , Basu Srirupa , Sabat Debabrat , Mishra Monalisa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSensory mechanotransduction is the process of deciphering physical stimuli into neural electrical receptor potentials, essential to Drosophila, the fruit fly. Nearly every aspect of an adult Drosophila intricate behavioural repertoire that involves the senses of proprioception, hearing, touch, olfaction, balancing and graviception. Mechanotransduction are mediated by a wide variety of specialized sensilla and sensory neurons that comprise the antenna. The eye and antenna of Drosophila melanogaster are derived from a cluster of approximately 23 cells that are set aside during embryonic development and are constantly divided during the three larval stages, organizing into an epithelial sac known as the eye‐antennal imaginal disc. During late larval and pupal development, the forward lobe of this epithelium, known as the antennal disc, gives rise to the antenna (an organized tripartite structure), whereas the posterior lobe, known as the eye disc, gives rise to the eye. The development of the antenna is a complex and intricate process that relies on the interplay of numerous genes. Each gene involved contributes to the regulatory network that governs the formation, differentiation, and patterning of specific structures within the antenna, ensuring its proper functionality. Thus, aberrant expression or mutation of any gene results in a faulty antenna. The defectiveness appears in terms of antennal structure leading to loss of function including defective behaviour found in an organism. A similar kind of structure–function relation of hearing with a behavioural defect has been reported in vertebrates. Some of the behavioural defects associated with genes are conserved in both vertebrates and Drosophila. Thus, a behavioural assay is an adaptable approach to studying the functionality of various genes associated with the antennae. Here a crucial relationship is established between the genetic regulation of mechanosensory neurons and an organism's behaviour. The current review summarizes antennae development, function and several methods used to study the mechanosensory behaviour associated with Drosophila antennae.
Navigating aquaculture losses: Tackling fish‐killing phytoflagellates in a changing global landscape
Authors: Mehdizadeh Allaf Malihe , Erratt Kevin J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAquaculture has emerged as a pivotal alternative for seafood production, addressing the challenges posed by depleting wild fish stocks. However, the industry faces substantial challenges, notably the presence of harmful algal blooms (HABs), which can cause serious economic consequences. The proliferation of major species of phytoflagellates leading to massive fish mortality is on the rise, possibly attributed to increasing global temperatures and eutrophication. This underscores the critical need for robust detection, prevention, and mitigation strategies to safeguard the aquaculture industry. This contribution offers valuable insights into comprehending and addressing the challenges posed by HABs in the fish aquaculture sector in an era of global change.
Illuminating characteristic patterns of inflammatory dermatoses: A comprehensive dual‐imaging approach using Optical coherence tomography and Line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography
Authors: Deußing Maximilian , Ruini Cristel , Nutz Marie , Kerl‐French Karin , Hartmann Daniela , French Lars E. , Daxenberger Fabia , Sattler Elke C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic eczema, and contact dermatitis pose diagnostic challenges due to their diverse clinical presentations and the need for rapid and precise diagnostic assessment.ObjectiveWhile recent studies described non‐invasive imaging devices such as Optical coherence tomography and Line‐field confocal OCT (LC‐OCT) as possible techniques to enable real‐time visualization of pathological features, a standardized analysis and validation has not yet been performed.MethodsOne hundred forty lesions from patients diagnosed with atopic eczema (57), psoriasis (50), and contact dermatitis (33) were imaged using OCT and LC‐OCT. Statistical analysis was employed to assess the significance of their characteristic morphologic features. Additionally, a decision tree algorithm based on Gini's coefficient calculations was developed to identify key attributes and criteria for accurately classifying the disease groups.ResultsDescriptive statistics revealed distinct morphologic features in eczema, psoriasis, and contact dermatitis lesions. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated the significance of these features, providing a robust differentiation between the three inflammatory conditions. The decision tree algorithm further enhanced classification accuracy by identifying optimal attributes for disease discrimination, highlighting specific morphologic criteria as crucial for rapid diagnosis in the clinical setting.ConclusionThe combined approach of descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression, and a decision tree algorithm provides a thorough understanding of the unique aspects associated with each inflammatory skin disease. This research offers a practical framework for lesion classification, enhancing the interpretability of imaging results for clinicians.
Widespread changes to the translational landscape in a maize microRNA biogenesis mutant
Authors: Yang Hailong , Thompson Beth 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYMicroRNAs are short, non‐coding RNAs that repress gene expression in both plants and animals and have diverse functions related to growth, development, and stress responses. The ribonuclease, DICER‐LIKE1 (DCL1) is required for two steps in plant miRNA biogenesis: cleavage of the primary miRNAs (pri‐miRNAs) to release a hairpin structure, called the precursor miRNA (pre‐miRNA) and cleavage of the pre‐miRNA to generate the miRNA/miRNA* duplex. The mature miRNA guides the RNA‐induced silencing complex to target RNAs with complementary sequences, resulting in translational repression and/or RNA cleavage of target mRNAs. However, the relative contribution of translational repression versus mRNA degradation by miRNAs remains unknown at the genome‐level in crops, especially in maize. The maize fuzzy tassel (fzt) mutant contains a hypomorphic mutation in DCL1 resulting in broad developmental defects. While most miRNAs are reduced in fzt, the levels of miRNA‐targeted mRNAs are not dramatically increased, suggesting that translational regulation by miRNAs may be common. To gain insight into the repression mechanism of plant miRNAs, we combined ribosome profiling and RNA‐sequencing to globally survey miRNA activities in maize. Our data indicate that translational repression contributes significantly to regulation of most miRNA targets and that approximately one‐third of miRNA targets are regulated primarily at the translational level. Surprisingly, ribosomes appear altered in fzt mutants suggesting that DCL1 may also have a role in ribosome biogenesis. Thus, DICER‐LIKE1 shapes the translational landscape in plants through both miRNA‐dependent and miRNA‐independent mechanisms.
Spectral constant rigidity of warped product metrics
Authors: Chai Xiaoxiang , Pyo Juncheol , Wan Xueyuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA theorem of Llarull says that if a smooth metric on the ‐sphere is bounded below by the standard round metric and the scalar curvature of is bounded below by , then the metric must be the standard round metric. We prove a spectral Llarull theorem by replacing the bound by a lower bound on the first eigenvalue of an elliptic operator involving the Laplacian and the scalar curvature . We utilize two methods: spinor and spacetime harmonic function.
Implications of right aortic arch prenatal diagnosis: the multicentric nationwide ARCADE cohort
Authors: Guillaumont Sophie , Vincenti Marie , Thomas Fanny , Huguet Helena , Picot Marie-Christine , Abassi Hamouda , Huby Anne-Cecile , Laux Daniela , Thomas-Chabaneix Julie , Cohen Laurence , Gavotto Arhur , Amedro Pascal 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
This study aims to describe the various presentations of the prenatally diagnosed isolated right aortic arch (RAA), that is, without associated congenital heart defect and to evaluate the impact of prenatal diagnosis of isolated RAA in terms of postnatal outcome.

Method
In this multicentric retrospective study, from 2010 to 2019, all live births with a prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of isolated RAA were included, with a 1-year postnatal follow-up. The concordance between the different diagnostic steps (prenatal ultrasound, postnatal ultrasound and postnatal CT scan) was evaluated using Gwet’s AC1 coefficient.

Results
A total of 309 cases of prenatally diagnosed RAA were analysed, most of which had a left ductus arteriosus (83%). The concordance between prenatal and postnatal ultrasound diagnosis was excellent regarding the RAA type (AC1=0.97, 95% CI=(0.94 to 0.99)). The rare discrepancies mainly involved non-diagnosed or misdiagnosed double aortic arch (2%). CT scan was performed in 108 neonates (35%) and the concordance between prenatal ultrasound and postnatal CT scan was good regarding the RAA diagnosis (AC1=0.80, 95% CI=(0.69 to 0.90)) but poor regarding the distribution of brachiocephalic vessels (AC1=0.21, 95% CI=(0.06 to 0.36)). An associated genetic anomaly was sought for in half of the cases and identified in 4% of the cohort. During the first year of life, 50 (18%) infants presented with vascular ring symptoms and 24 (8%) underwent aortic arch surgery.

Conclusion
This multicentric nationwide cohort of 309 prenatally diagnosed isolated RAA demonstrated the reliability of prenatal screening, highlighted the rare cases of discrepancies between prenatal and postnatal diagnosis and underlined the value of CT scan to improve the postnatal follow-up.

Trial registration number

NCT04029064
.
A review of authorship in herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) research conducted in low-income and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2020
Authors: Nahal Belinder , Owen Ela Mair , Jama Muna , Obasi Angela , Clarke Emily 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionEquitable inclusion of low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) researchers and women in research authorship is a priority. A review of progress in addressing WHO-identified priorities provided an opportunity to examine the geographical and gender distribution of authorship in herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) research.MethodsPublications addressing five areas prioritised in a WHO workshop and published between 2000 and 2020 were identified. Data on author country, gender, authorship position and research funding source were collected by manuscript review and internet searches and analysed using IBM SPSS V.26.ResultsOf, 297 eligible papers identified, (n=294) had multiple authors. Of these, 241 (82%) included at least one LMIC author and 143 (49%) and 122 (41%) had LMIC first and last authors, respectively. LMICs funded studies were more than twice as likely to include an LMIC first or last author as high-income country-funded studies (relative risk 2.36, 95% CI 1.93 to 2.89). Respectively, 129 (46%) and 106 (36%) studies had female first and last authors. LMIC first and last authorship varied widely by HSV-2 research area and increased over time to 65% and 59% by 2015–2020.ConclusionDespite location of the research itself in LMIC settings, over the 20-year period, LMIC researchers held only a minority of first and last authorship positions. While LMIC representation in these positions improved over time, important inequities remain in key research areas and for women. Addressing current and historical power disparities in global health research, research infrastructure and how it is funded may be key addressing to addressing these issues.
20 years of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) research in low-income and middle-income countries: systematic evaluation of progress made in addressing WHO priorities for research in HSV-2/HIV interactions, HSV-2 control and mathematical modelling
Authors: Owen Ela Mair , Jama Muna , Nahal Belinder , Clarke Emily , Obasi Angela 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionReviewing and updating research priorities is essential to assess progress and to ensure optimal allocation of financial and human resources in research. In 2001, WHO held a research priority setting workshop for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) research in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to describe progress between 2000 and 2020 in three of the five key research priority areas outlined in the workshop: HSV-2/HIV interactions, HSV-2 control measures and HSV-2 mathematical modelling. The remaining priorities are addressed in a companion paper.MethodA systematic literature search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Global Health and Cochrane databases was carried out. Relevant primary research studies based in LMICs, written in English and published on 2000–2020 were included. Papers were screened by two independent reviewers, and suitable variables were selected for manual extraction from study texts. Data were organised into an Excel spreadsheet and analysed using IBM SPSS.ResultsIn total, 3214 discrete papers were identified, of which 180 were eligible for inclusion (HSV-2/HIV interactions, 98; control measures, 58; mathematical modelling, 24). Most studies were conducted in East Africa. The majority of the 2001 WHO HSV-2 research priorities were addressed at least in part. Overall, despite several studies describing a strong relationship between HSV-2 and the acquisition and transmission of HIV, HSV-2 control repeatedly demonstrated little effect on HIV shedding or transmission. Further, although mathematical modelling predicted that vaccines could significantly impact HSV-2 indicators, HSV-2 vaccine studies were few. Studies of antiviral resistance were also few.ConclusionSince 2000, LMIC HSV-2 research addressing its control, HIV interactions and mathematical modelling has largely addressed the priorities set in the 2001 WHO HSV-2 workshop. However, key knowledge gaps remain in vaccine research, antiviral cost-effectiveness, antiviral resistance and specific geographical areas.
Assessment of the information provided by ChatGPT regarding exercise for patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study
Authors: Chung Seung Min , Chang Min Cheol 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesWe assessed the feasibility of ChatGPT for patients with type 2 diabetes seeking information about exercise.MethodsIn this pilot study, two physicians with expertise in diabetes care and rehabilitative treatment in Republic of Korea discussed and determined the 14 most asked questions on exercise for managing type 2 diabetes by patients in clinical practice. Each question was inputted into ChatGPT (V.4.0), and the answers from ChatGPT were assessed. The Likert scale was calculated for each category of validity (1–4), safety (1–4) and utility (1–4) based on position statements of the American Diabetes Association and American College of Sports Medicine.ResultsRegarding validity, 4 of 14 ChatGPT (28.6%) responses were scored as 3, indicating accurate but incomplete information. The other 10 responses (71.4%) were scored as 4, indicating complete accuracy with complete information. Safety and utility scored 4 (no danger and completely useful) for all 14 ChatGPT responses.ConclusionChatGPT can be used as supplementary educational material for diabetic exercise. However, users should be aware that ChatGPT may provide incomplete answers to some questions on exercise for type 2 diabetes.