bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast cold gas in hot AGN outflows
Authors: Costa Tiago , Sijacki Debora , Haehnelt Martin G. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Observations of the emission from spatially extended cold gas around bright high-redshift quasars (QSOs) reveal surprisingly large velocity widths exceeding 2000 km s− 1, out to projected distances as large as 30 kpc. The high-velocity widths have been interpreted as the signature of powerful AGN-driven outflows. Naively, these findings appear in tension with hydrodynamic models in which AGN-driven outflows are energy-driven and thus very hot with typical temperatures T ≳ 106–7 K. Using the moving-mesh code arepo, we perform ‘zoom-in’ cosmological simulations of a z ∼ 6 QSO and its environment, following black hole growth and feedback via energy-driven outflows. In the simulations, the QSO host galaxy is surrounded by a clumpy circumgalactic medium pre-enriched with metals due to supernovae-driven galactic outflows. As a result, part of the AGN-driven hot outflowing gas can cool radiatively, leading to large amounts ( ≳ 109 Mȯ) of cold gas comoving with the hot bipolar outflow. This results in velocity widths of spatially extended cold gas similar to those observed. We caution, however, that gas inflows, random motions in the deep potential well of the QSO host galaxy and cooling of supernovae-driven winds contribute significantly to the large velocity width of the cold gas in the simulations, complicating the interpretation of observational data.
Hot ammonia in the center of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 3079
Authors: Miyamoto Yusuke , Nakai Naomasa , Seta Masumichi , Salak Dragan , Hagiwara Kenzaburo , Nagai Makoto , Ishii Shun , Yamauchi Aya 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
We present the results of ammonia observations toward the center of NGC 3079. The NH3(J, K) = (1, 1) and (2, 2) inversion lines were detected in absorption with the Tsukuba 32 m telescope, and the NH3(1, 1) through (6, 6) lines with the VLA, although the profile of NH3(3, 3) was in emission in contrast to the other transitions. The background continuum source, whose flux density was ∼ 50 mJy, could not be resolved with the VLA beam of ≲ 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$09 × 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$08. All ammonia absorption lines have two distinct velocity components: one is at the systemic velocity and the other is blueshifted, and both components are aligned along the nuclear jets. For the systemic components, the relatively low temperature gas is extended more than the high temperature gas. The blueshifted NH3(3, 3) emission can be regarded as ammonia masers associated with shocks by strong winds probably from newly formed massive stars or supernova explosions in dense clouds in the nuclear megamaser disk. Using para-NH3(1, 1), (2, 2), (4, 4), and (5, 5) lines with VLA, we derived the rotational temperature Trot = 120 ± 12 K and 157 ± 19 K for the systemic and blueshifted components, respectively. The total column densities of NH3(0, 0)–(6, 6), assuming Tex ≈ Trot, were (8.85 ± 0.70) × 1016 cm−2 and (4.47 ± 0.78) × 1016 cm−2 for the systemic and blueshifted components, respectively. The fractional abundance of NH3 relative to molecular hydrogen H2 for the systemic and blueshifted was [NH3]/[H2] = 1.3 × 10−7 and 6.5 × 10−8, respectively. We also found the F = 4–4 and F = 5–5 doublet lines of OH 2Π3/2J = 9/2 in absorption, which could be fitted by two velocity components, systemic and redshifted components. The rotational temperature of OH was estimated to be Trot, OH ≥ 175 K, tracing hot gas associated with the interaction of the fast nuclear outflow with dense molecular material around the nucleus.
Long-term Outcomes and Complications in Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Hamilton Sarah N. , Carlson Ryan , Hasan Haroon , Rassekh Shahrad R. , Goddard Karen 
Published: January 2015

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to determine treatment outcomes and long-term complications in pediatric patients with Ewing Sarcoma treated at the British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA).

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of 101 pediatric patients (<19 y old) with Ewing Sarcoma diagnosed between 1960 and 2005 was performed. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression multivariate analysis were used to assess prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS).

Results:
The median age at diagnosis was 11 years and the median follow-up for nondeceased patients was 13.5 years. The most common primary tumor locations were lower extremity (33%), pelvis (24%), and thorax (18%). Fifty percent of patients received surgery, 79% radiotherapy and 94% chemotherapy. The 5-year OS and EFS for patients with localized disease was 85% and 73% and for metastatic disease was 27% (P<0.0001) and 28% (P<0.0001), respectively. Metastatic disease was an independent predictor of lower OS (hazard ratio [HR], 9.5; 95% confidence interval [CI],4.7-19.4; P<0.0001) and EFS (HR, 4.9; 95% CI, 2.7-8.8; P<0.0001). Extremity tumor location was an independent predictor for improved OS (HR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.9; P=0.03). The majority (77%) of long-term survivors (≥5 y) had long-term complications; the most common were musculoskeletal abnormalities (50%) and cardiac toxicity (28%). The actuarial second neoplasm risk was 5% at 10 years.

Conclusions:
Ewing sarcoma patients with localized disease had excellent treatment outcomes at the BCCA. However, the majority of patients had chronic complications from treatment. This study validates the need for long-term follow-up of Ewing Sarcoma survivors for management of late effects.
Inexpensive Multiplexed Library Preparation for Megabase-Sized Genomes
Authors: Baym Michael , Kryazhimskiy Sergey , Lieberman Tami D. , Chung Hattie , Desai Michael M. , Kishony Roy 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWhole-genome sequencing has become an indispensible tool of modern biology. However, the cost of sample preparation relative to the cost of sequencing remains high, especially for small genomes where the former is dominant. Here we present a protocol for the rapid and inexpensive preparation of hundreds of multiplexed genomic libraries for Illumina sequencing. By carrying out the Nextera tagmentation reaction in small volumes, replacing costly reagents with cheaper equivalents, and omitting unnecessary steps, we achieve a cost of library preparation of $8 per sample, approximately 6 times cheaper than the widely-used Nextera XT protocol. Furthermore, our procedure takes less than 5 hours for 96 samples and uses nanograms of genomic DNA. Many hundreds of samples can then be pooled on the same HiSeq lane via custom barcodes. Our method is especially useful for re-sequencing of large numbers of full microbial or viral genomes, including those from evolution experiments, genetic screens, and environmental samples.
Identification of an Arabidopsis Aminotransferase that Facilitates Tryptophan and Auxin Homeostasis
Authors: Pieck Michael , Yuan Youxi , Godfrey Jason , Fisher Christopher , Zolj Sanda , Thomas Nicholas , Wu Connie , Ramos Julian , Lee Norman , Normanly Jennifer , Celenza John 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIAA plays a critical role in regulating numerous aspects of plant growth and development. While there is much genetic support for tryptophan-dependent (Trp-D) IAA synthesis pathways, there is little genetic evidence for tryptophan-independent (Trp-I) IAA synthesis pathways. Using Arabidopsis, we identified two mutant alleles ofISS1(IndoleSevereSensitive) that display indole-dependent IAA overproduction phenotypes including leaf epinasty and adventitious rooting. Stable isotope labeling showed thatiss1, but not WT, uses primarily Trp-I IAA synthesis when grown on indolesupplemented medium. In contrast, bothiss1and WT use primarily Trp-D IAA synthesis when grown on unsupplemented medium.iss1seedlings produce 8-fold higher levels of IAA when grown on indole and surprisingly have a 174-fold increase in Trp. These findings indicate that theiss1mutant’s increase in Trp-I IAA synthesis is due to a loss of Trp catabolism.ISS1was identified as At1g80360, a predicted aromatic aminotransferase, and in vitro and in vivo analysis confirmed this activity. At1g80360 was previously shown to primarily carry out the conversion of indole-3-pyruvic acid to Trp as an IAA homeostatic mechanism in young seedlings. Our results suggest that in addition to this activity, in more mature plantsISS1has a role in Trp catabolism and possibly in the metabolism of other aromatic amino acids. We postulate that this loss of Trp catabolism impacts the use of Trp-D and/or Trp-I IAA synthesis pathways.
The effect of carbon subsidies on marine planktonic niche partitioning and recruitment during biofilm assembly
Authors: Pepe-Ranney Charles , Hall Edward 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThe influence of resource availability on planktonic and biofilm microbial community membership is poorly understood. Heterotrophic bacteria derive some to all of their organic carbon (C) from photoautotrophs while simultaneously competing with photoautotrophs for inorganic nutrients such as phosphorus (P) or nitrogen (N). Therefore, C inputs have the potential to shift the competitive balance of aquatic microbial communities by increasing the resource space available to heterotrophs (more C) while decreasing the resource space available to photoautotrophs (less mineral nutrients due to increased competition from heterotrophs). To test how resource dynamics affect membership of planktonic communities and assembly of biofilm communities we amended a series of flow-through mesocosms with C to alter the availability of C among treatments. Each mesocosm was fed with unfiltered seawater and incubated with sterilized microscope slides as surfaces for biofilm formation. The highest C treatment had the highest planktonic heterotroph abundance, lowest planktonic photoautotroph abundance, and highest biofilm biomass. We surveyed bacterial 16S rRNA genes and plastid 23S rRNA genes to characterize biofilm and planktonic community membership and structure. Regardless of resource additions, biofilm communities had higher alpha diversity than planktonic communities in all mesocosms. Heterotrophic plankton communities were distinct from heterotrophic biofilm communities in all but the highest C treatment where heterotrophic plankton and biofilm communities resembled each other after 17 days. Unlike the heterotrophs, photoautotrophic plankton communities were different than photoautotrophic biofilm communities in composition in all treatments including the highest C treatment. Our results suggest that although resource amendments affect community membership and structure, microbial lifestyle (biofilm versus planktonic) has a stronger influence on community composition.
A Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channel in Chlamydomonas Shares Key Features with Sensory Transduction-Associated TRP Channels in Mammals
Authors: Arias-Darraz Luis , Cabezas Deny , Colenso Charlotte K. , Alegría-Arcos Melissa , Bravo-Moraga Felipe , Varas-Concha Ignacio , Almonacid Daniel E. , Madrid Rodolfo , Brauchi Sebastian 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Sensory modalities are essential for navigating through an ever-changing environment. From insects to mammals, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are known mediators for cellular sensing. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a motile single-celled freshwater green alga that is guided by photosensory, mechanosensory, and chemosensory cues. In this type of alga, sensory input is first detected by membrane receptors located in the cell body and then transduced to the beating cilia by membrane depolarization. Although TRP channels seem to be absent in plants, C. reinhardtii possesses genomic sequences encoding TRP proteins. Here, we describe the cloning and characterization of a C. reinhardtii version of a TRP channel sharing key features present in mammalian TRP channels associated with sensory transduction. In silico sequence-structure analysis unveiled the modular design of TRP channels, and electrophysiological experiments conducted on Human Embryonic Kidney-293T cells expressing the Cr-TRP1 clone showed that many of the core functional features of metazoan TRP channels are present in Cr-TRP1, suggesting that basic TRP channel gating characteristics evolved early in the history of eukaryotes.
Deficiency of the Arabidopsis Helicase RTEL1 Triggers a SOG1-Dependent Replication Checkpoint in Response to DNA Cross-Links
Authors: Hu Zhubing , Cools Toon , Kalhorzadeh Pooneh , Heyman Jefri , De Veylder Lieven 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
To maintain genome integrity, DNA replication is executed and regulated by a complex molecular network of numerous proteins, including helicases and cell cycle checkpoint regulators. Through a systematic screening for putative replication mutants, we identified an Arabidopsis thaliana homolog of human Regulator of Telomere Length 1 (RTEL1), which functions in DNA replication, DNA repair, and recombination. RTEL1 deficiency retards plant growth, a phenotype including a prolonged S-phase duration and decreased cell proliferation. Genetic analysis revealed that rtel1 mutant plants show activated cell cycle checkpoints, specific sensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, and increased homologous recombination, but a lack of progressive shortening of telomeres, indicating that RTEL1 functions have only been partially conserved between mammals and plants. Surprisingly, RTEL1 deficiency induces tolerance to the deoxynucleotide-depleting drug hydroxyurea, which could be mimicked by DNA cross-linking agents. This resistance does not rely on the essential replication checkpoint regulator WEE1 but could be blocked by a mutation in the SOG1 transcription factor. Taken together, our data indicate that RTEL1 is required for DNA replication and that its deficiency activates a SOG1-dependent replication checkpoint.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Fjermestad Krister W. , Vatne Torun M. , Gjone Helene 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a rare genetic syndrome involving high risk of psychiatric disorders with average intellectual functioning in the lower borderline range. Due to the cognitive and social problems many adolescents with 22q11.2DS experience, adaptions may be needed to teach these adolescents cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) skills. The purpose of this paper is to assess psychosocial functioning in adolescents with 22q11.2DS and to adapt CBT with this group.

Design/methodology/approach
– Totally twelve adolescents (M age=14.5 years, SD=1.4, range 12-17 years; 25 percent boys) with 22q11.2DS were recruited from a competence center for rare disorders. Their parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist and the Kiddie SADS screening interview. The adolescents participated in 7×45-minute CBT group sessions, comprising emotional awareness, cognitive restructuring tasks, and problem-solving skills.

Findings
– Adolescents had poor parent-reported social and school functioning at onset. The most frequent disorders indicated by screening interviews were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (92 percent), anxiety (58 percent), depression (50 percent), autism spectrum disorders (50 percent), and potential post traumatic stress disorder (50 percent).

Practical implications
– The main adaptions made to CBT groups were shorter sessions, frequent breaks, and repetition of main points, limited use of written materials and items that could distract participants (e.g. balloons, papers), extensive and explicit use of turn taking, and two adult group facilitators per group.

Originality/value
– Offers practical advice on teaching CBT skills to adolescents with 22q11.2DS, which may also be applicable to other adolescents with lower borderline intellectual functioning or intellectual disabilities.
The effects of price consciousness and sale proneness on purchase intention towards expiration date-based priced perishable foods
Authors: Konuk Faruk Anıl 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of price consciousness and sale proneness on purchase intentions regarding with expiration date-based priced perishable foods.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected from a convenience sample of consumers with structured questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used in order to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings
– Results of a structural model reveal positive relationship between price consciousness and sale proneness. The findings also confirm the effect of price consciousness on purchase intentions toward expiration date-based priced perishable foods. On the other hand, the results have not support the positive effect of sale proneness on purchase intentions.

Originality/value
– To the knowledge, this is the first study which has examined the relationships between price consciousness, sale proneness and purchase intentions in the context of expiration date-based pricing.
The Brazilian population consumes larger serving sizes than those informed on labels
Authors: Kraemer Mariana Vieira dos Santos , Machado Priscila Pereira , Kliemann Nathalie , González Chica David Alejandro , Proença Rossana Pacheco da Costa 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to relate average serving size intake by the Brazilian population and declared serving size, the presence of trans fat and household measure fractioning declared on labels of processed, and ultra-processed food products.

Design/methodology/approach
– Cross-sectional study that analyzed the food labelling of all processed and ultra-processed food products sold in a supermarket in southern Brazil.

Findings
– A total of 1,071 processed and ultra-processed food products were analyzed. In 88 per cent of food groups, the average serving size consumed was larger than what was declared on labels. Consumed serving size was up to 9.2 times larger than the declared ones in food products with trans fat among their ingredients list and in false negatives and up to 9.9 times larger in foods with fractioned household measure (p<0.001). The Brazilian population consumes, on average, larger serving sizes than those declared on labels, which may represent a significant intake of trans fats without the consumers’ noticing.

Originality/value
– This study has been performed with the use of a national database on food consumption, as well as the information from a large number of processed and ultra-processed food labels marketed in Brazil. This study is also proven to be important and novel, contributing with information as to the manner in which nutrition labelling has been presented to Brazilian consumers, discussing its possible consequences for food choices, intake, and the guarantee of consumer rights.
Dynamic food demand in urban China
Authors: Zhou De , Yu Xiaohua , Herzfeld Thomas 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate dynamic food demand in urban China, with use of a complete dynamic demand system – dynamic linear expenditure system-linear approximate dynamic almost ideal demand system (DLES-LA/DAIDS), which pushes forward the techniques of demand analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors employ a transitionary demand process and develop a new approach of complete demand system with a two-stage dynamic budgeting: a strongly separable DLES in the first stage and a LA/DAIDS in the second stage. Employing provincial aggregate data (1995-2010) from the China urban household surveys, The authors estimated the demand elasticities for primary food products in urban China.

Findings
– The results indicate that most primary food products are necessities and price inelastic for urban households in China. The authors also found that the dynamic model tends to yield relatively smaller expenditure elasticities in magnitude than the static models do due to the friction effect of dynamic adjusting costs, such as habit formation, switching costs, and learning process. However, the dynamic effects on own price elasticities are inconclusive due to the add-up restriction.

Practical implications
– The research contributes to the demand analysis methodologically, and can be used for better projections in policy simulation models.

Originality/value
– This paper methodologically relaxes the restrictive assumption of instant adjustment in static models and allows consumers to make a dynamic decision in food consumption. Empirically, the authors introduce a new complete dynamic demand model and carry out a case study with the use of urban household data in China.
An inquiry into the transformation of the PR roles’ concept
Authors: Fieseler Christian , Lutz Christoph , Meckel Miriam 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– Recent years have seen resurgent interest in professionalism in public relations, with several initiatives to enquire about the state of the communication profession and its part in organizational strategy. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the findings of a quantitative investigation into the work roles of European communication professionals. In particular, the research investigates different professional roles, as developed in previous roles research, while taking a particular look at managerial role enactment.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors report the findings of an explorative study among 551 European communication professionals. The measures are used in this study are closely aligned with previous roles research, but modernized. The authors analyzed the data with factor analysis and structural equation modeling.

Findings
– The authors unfold four distinct contemporary managerial tasks (“diagnosis,” “coaching,” “liaison,” and “execution”), extending previous research rooted in distinguishing these managerial tasks from more technical ones. As a result the authors show that managerial role enactment is predominately determined by education and work experience, with a diminishing gender gap when it comes to performing managerial tasks alone, and that these roles just partly relate to salary but highly relate to job satisfaction, particularly when it comes to taking part in management decision making (tasks that require responsibility, accountability, job diversity, and also an analytical, strategic mindset).

Originality/value
– The results of the study point to the further transformation of the PR Roles’ concept, turning a more execution oriented job profile into a more managerial and strategically oriented profession.
YouTube stickiness: the needs, personal, and environmental perspective
Authors: Chiang Hsiu-Sen , Hsiao Kuo-Lun 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– Many video sharing sites (e.g. YouTube, Vimeo, and Break) host user-generated video content in the hopes of attracting viewers and thus profits. Therefore, continuous use and video sharing behavior on the part of site users is critical to the continue enjoyment of other users and to the video service providers business. The purpose of this paper is to provide an improved understanding of what motivates internet users to share videos and spend more time on video sharing web sites.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors propose a research model based on Uses and Gratification Theory and on Social Cognitive Theory, incorporating key determinants of web site stickiness. An online survey instrument was developed to gather data, and 265 questionnaires were used to test the relationships in the model.

Findings
– The causal model was validated using SmartPLS 2.0, and 14 out of 18 study hypotheses were supported. The results indicated that continuance motivation and sharing behavior were important antecedents of YouTube stickiness and mediated the influence of need, personal, and environmental factors.

Practical implications
– The proposed framework can be used by online video service providers to develop a platform that satisfies user needs and to enhance sharing intention.

Originality/value
– The study provides a comprehensive framework of the antecedents and effects of continuance motivation and sharing behavior on video sharing web sites.