bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yellow Fever Outbreak in Darfur Region-Sudan 2012, a Response to Health Crisis
Authors: Elduma Adel Hussein 
Published: June 2015

Yellow fever is highly infectious diseases and infect human through the bite of mosquitoes. So, yellow fever needs more efforts to control its transmission in both human and mosquitoes. Sudan is a limited resource and finds difficulties in controlling emerging diseases. This paper explains the situation during a yellow outbreak in the Darfur region, where long lasting conflict was occurring. This conflict is affected on the health system and it was become unable to detect infectious diseases at earlier stages. Also, we discussed the efforts that were made by world community towards controlling this disease.
In November 2012, Yellow fever outbreak has been reported in the Darfur region in Sudan. The Yellow fever disease outbreak affected 35 localities in four out of five states that comprise the Darfur region December 2012. According to the ministry of Health, 849 people have been infected and 171 (4.96%) died due to this outbreak. The objective is to study the response of different partners in controlling yellow fever outbreak in the Darfur region in Sudan. This is descriptive study, reviews the information regarding yellow fever, and collected data from different sources. Response to this outbreak was made by contribution from different sectors including the federal ministry of health and the international community. Health authorities provided the technical and partial financial assistances to stop disease spread, while the international community, representing in United Nation agencies and NGOs was provided the essential funding to vaccinate population in the Darfur region. Long lasting conflict in countries with limited resources weakened the health system and makes the surveillance unable to detect disease outbreak. Diseases outbreak such as yellow fever need rapid response in order to diagnose and control the disease. Yellow fever outbreak needs contribution of all sectors to control it.
Difference in Bias Approach for Commutability Assessment: Application to Frozen Pools of Human Serum Measured by 8 Direct Methods for HDL and LDL Cholesterol
Authors: Korzun William J , Nilsson Göran , Bachmann Lorin M , Myers Gary L , Sakurabayashi Ikunosuke , Nakajima Katsuyuki , Nakamura Masakazu , Shamburek Robert D , Remaley Alan T , Miller W Greg 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We used a difference in bias approach to evaluate the commutability of 4 frozen serum pools for 8 direct methods for measurement of HDL and LDL cholesterol (HDLC and LDLC).

METHODS
Freshly collected nonfrozen sera from 138 diseased and 37 nondiseased patients and 4 frozen pools from the CDC Lipid Standardization Program were measured by direct methods and by the beta-quantification reference measurement procedure of the CDC. We used an error components model to estimate the difference in the bias component of error plus its uncertainty for frozen pools vs patient samples between the direct method and the reference procedure. Frozen pools with bias differences less than a critical value determined by either medical requirements for bias or the random error components of the measurement procedures were considered commutable.

RESULTS
On the basis of medical requirement criteria, 1 of the 4 frozen pools was commutable for most of the HDLC methods for both diseased and nondiseased patients, and none was commutable for LDLC methods. On the basis of random error criteria, all of the frozen pools were generally commutable for all of the HDLC methods for both diseased and nondiseased patients, and 1 of the 4 frozen pools was generally commutable for most of the LDLC methods for both diseased and nondiseased patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Commutability was assessed as the closeness of agreement of the difference in bias between a reference material and a set of patient samples. Criteria for commutability could be based on fixed medical requirements for bias or on random error components.
The steady Navier–Stokes problem with the inhomogeneous
Navier-type boundary conditions in a 2D multiply-connected bounded domain
Authors: Neustupa Jiří 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We assume that Ω is a bounded domain in

ℝ

2

${{\mathbb {R}}^2}$

with N
holes. We study the steady Navier–Stokes problem with
inhomogeneous Navier-type boundary conditions in Ω
(problem BVP-1) and the two other related problems BVP-2 and
BVP-3. We prove the existence of strong solutions of BVP-2 and
BVP-3 and the uniqueness of solutions for “small data”. The
existence of a strong solution of BVP-1 is proven only if the
body force

𝐟

${\mathbf {f}}$

belongs to a certain set

𝔐
(

ℝ

N

)

${\mathfrak {M}({\mathbb {R}}^N)}$

. We show that
problem BVP-1 is not solvable for some configurations of given
boundary data and body forces.
On the removability of isolated singular points for elliptic equations involving variable exponent
Authors: Fu Yongqiang , Shan Yingying 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we study the problem of removable isolated singularities for elliptic equations with variable exponents. We give a sufficient condition for removability of the isolated singular point for the equations in

W

1
,
p
(
x
)

(
Ω
)

${W^{1,p(x)}(\Omega )}$

.
The Janus faces of acquired angioedema: C1-inhibitor deficiency, lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity
Authors: Wu Maddalena Alessandra , Castelli Roberto 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSeveral clinical and biological features of lymphoproliferative diseases have been associated with an increased risk of developing autoimmune manifestations. Acquired deficiency of C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) (AAE) is a rare syndrome clinically similar to hereditary angioedema (HAE) characterized by local increase in vascular permeability (angioedema) of the skin and the gastrointestinal and oro-pharyngo-laryngeal mucosa. Bradykinin, a potent vasoactive peptide, released from high molecular weight kininogen when it is cleaved by plasma kallikrein (a serine protease controlled by C1-INH), is the mediator of symptoms. In total 46% of AAE patients carry an underlying hematological disorder including monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) or B cell malignancies. However, 74% of AAE patients have anti-C1-INH autoantibodies without hematological, clinical or instrumental evidence of lymphoproliferative disease. Unlike HAE patients, AAE patients usually have late-onset symptoms, do not have a family history of angioedema and present variable response to treatment due to the hypercatabolism of C1-INH. Experiments show that C1-INH and/or the classical complement pathway were consumed by the neoplastic lymphatic tissues and/or anti-C1-INH neutralizing autoantibodies. Therapy of AAE follows two directions: 1) prevention/reversal of the symptoms of angioedema; and 2) treatment of the associated disease. Different forms of B cell disorders coexist and/or evolve into each other in AAE and seem to be dominated by an altered control of B cell proliferation, thus AAE represents an example of the strict link between autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation.
Coercive and noncoercive nonlinear Neumann problems with indefinite potential
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We consider nonlinear Neumann problems driven by a nonhomogeneous differential operator and an indefinite potential. In this paper we are concerned with two distinct cases. We first consider the case where the reaction is (p-1)-sublinear near ±∞ and (p-1)-superlinear near zero. In this setting the energy functional of the problem is coercive. In the second case, the reaction is (p-1)-superlinear near ±∞ (without satisfying the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition) and has a (p-1)-sublinear growth near zero. Now, the energy functional is indefinite. For both cases we prove “three solutions theorems” and in the coercive setting we provide sign information for all of them. Our approach combines variational methods, truncation and perturbation techniques, and Morse theory (critical groups).
Representations of Zainichi Koreans in Japanese Media: The Case of The Japan Times 2000–2014
Authors: Kumpis Arvydas 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Zainichi Koreans are Korean nationals, permanently living in Japan without holding Japanese citizenship. Their living conditions there have been difficult from the very beginning, dating back to 1910. Since then, various myths and stereotypes were created about Zainichi Koreans. What is more interesting, media has been playing an important role in spreading information about them and creating a specific image about this ethnic minority in Japan. In order to find out what image of Zainichi Koreans is being created nowadays, articles in Japanese internet news website The Japan Times were used while accomplishing a discourse analysis.
Emptying Śūnyatā: a Critical Reading of Nishitani’s Religion and Nothingness
Authors: Motiekaitis Ramunas 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this article, invoking some terms of phenomenology and general principles of structural semiotics, I critically examine and reveal some aporetic aspects of Nishitani’s interpretation of Buddhist concept of sūnyatā presented in his seminal work Religion and Nothingness. My critics are directed to deeply ingrained claims among scholars of a “rejection of any form of dualism” and “non-substantial philosophy” as unique characteristics of the Kyoto school or “logic of the East”. My arguments are based on examining how linguistic differentiating articulation and narrative rendering that perform a fundamental role in human cognition are at work in definition of “emptiness” (sūnyatā) too. Thus emptiness is not completely empty; being certain philosophical identity it can be articulated only by differentiation from other identities, and thus different is included in it. Nishitani needed logocentric modes of thought, as a dialectical (m)other for constructing his sūnyatā ontology. Accordingly, the realms that are considered to be secondary or derivative (i.e. sensual and rational, or linguistic representations) appear to be the condition for constituting the primary (suchness of things, sūnyatā). Considering universal mechanisms of the articulation of values I am also asking whether sūnyatā paradigm indeed is so fundamentally different from Western paradigms centered on idea, God, or a rational subject as Nishitani wants to think. Since we find a clear hierarchical differentiation into truth and illusion, authentic and inauthentic modes of thought and time, and initial and derivative ontological realms, features of “strong thought” (in sense of Vattimo) are evident in his work. I am also suggesting, that possibly by considering not sūnyatā or “idea” but human languages as a universal “house of being”, we would be able to “empty” discourses of radical difference and uniqueness, and in this way become post-nationalistically modern. Philosophy, in order not to turn into a onesided ideology, should reflect on its mythological and narratological conditions, i.e. dances on certain semiotic axes. From such a perspective, the gravitational trajectory of human thought, longing for conjunction with the absolute, defined either as God or as sūnyatā, will seem similar rather than different.
Parents’ experiences of having a baby with ambiguous genitalia
Authors: Oliveira Mailme de Souza , de Paiva-e-Silva Roberto Benedito , Guerra-Junior Gil , Maciel-Guerra Andréa Trevas 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHealth professionals must be aware of the impact on parents of the birth of children with ambiguous genitalia. This study aimed to analyze the experiences and perceptions of such parents. Parents of 30 children who were evaluated in a reference center for disorders of sex development (DSD) were interviewed. The questionnaire covered the prenatal period, the moment they were told about the disorder, initial management by health professionals, and problems they experienced. Only two cases were detected during pregnancy. The news was usually given to the mother alone by pediatricians. Most parents kept it secret and avoided exposing the baby to the prejudice of others. Parents of children who were referred without sex assignment usually held a personal belief of their child’s sex. Previous assignment was based on clinical examination and/or karyotype. Spreading knowledge about DSD could increase awareness of this issue, thus reducing parents’ shock and societal stigma. Training of neonatal care teams is required to avoid assignment before evaluation.
In Search of Monk Hall
Authors: Winship Michael 
Published: June 2015

Michael Winship, “In Search of Monk Hall: A Publishing History of George Lippard’s The Quaker City” (pp. 132–149)
A reconstruction of the complicated publication history of George Lippard’s The Quaker City, or the Monks of Monk Hall (1844-45), based on an examination of the available evidence, including the few surviving manuscript sources, newspaper notices and advertisements, scarce surviving early copies of the work itself, and contemporaneous accounts. Among the issues addressed are: the chronology of publication of the original ten numbers of the work; the evolving relationship between Lippard and his publisher, George B. Zieber; and the methods of distribution and number of copies produced and sold. This account suggests that a better understanding of how The Quaker City was produced and circulated in its own time will enrich scholars’ understanding of the novel and the cultural work that it performed.
Spontaneous right-sided microcavitations in a healthy adult
Authors: Patel Hena , Boateng Stephen , Singh Gurpreet , Feinstein Steven 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is frequently observed in patients with structural and functional cardiovascular abnormalities. Literature describes cases of SEC either from agglutination of red blood cells and plasma proteins or from microcavitations. SEC secondary to the former is an independent predictor of future thromboembolic events and is most commonly observed in the left atrium or left atrial appendage. Thus, many authors reason that left atrial SEC is an indication for initiating anticoagulant therapy. We report a rare case of right atrial SEC that was incidentally found during echocardiographic evaluation of isolated peripheral edema in a healthy adult with a structurally normal heart. At present, there are no studies to offer guidance for management of right atrial SEC. This case emphasizes a necessary area of future research.
Insights into Ongoing Evolution of the Hexachlorocyclohexane Catabolic Pathway from Comparative Genomics of Ten Sphingomonadaceae Strains
Authors: Pearce Stephen L , Oakeshott John G , Pandey Gunjan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), a synthetic organochloride, was first used as a broad-acre insecticide in the 1940s, and many HCH-degrading bacterial strains have been isolated from around the globe during the last 20 years. To date, the same degradation pathway (the lin pathway) has been implicated in all strains characterized, although the pathway has only been characterized intensively in two strains and for only a single HCH isomer. To further elucidate the evolution of the lin pathway, we have biochemically and genetically characterized three HCH-degrading strains from the Czech Republic and compared the genomes of these and seven other HCH-degrading bacterial strains. The three new strains each yielded a distinct set of metabolites during their degradation of HCH isomers. Variable assembly of the pathway is a common feature across the 10 genomes, eight of which (including all three Czech strains) were either missing key lin genes or containing duplicate copies of upstream lin genes (linA-F). The analysis also confirmed the important role of horizontal transfer mediated by insertion sequence IS6100 in the acquisition of the pathway, with a stronger association of IS6100 to the lin genes in the new strains. In one strain, a linA variant was identified that likely caused a novel degradation phenotype involving a shift in isomer preference. This study identifies a number of strains that are in the early stages of lin pathway acquisition and shows that the state of the pathway can explain the degradation patterns observed.
A Search for Parent-of-Origin Effects on Honey Bee Gene Expression
Authors: Kocher Sarah D , Tsuruda Jennifer M , Gibson Joshua D , Emore Christine M , Arechavaleta-Velasco Miguel E , Queller David C , Strassmann Joan E , Grozinger Christina M , Gribskov Michael R , San Miguel Phillip , Westerman Rick , Hunt Greg J 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Parent-specific gene expression (PSGE) is little known outside of mammals and plants. PSGE occurs when the expression level of a gene depends on whether an allele was inherited from the mother or the father. Kin selection theory predicts that there should be extensive PSGE in social insects because social insect parents can gain inclusive fitness benefits by silencing parental alleles in female offspring. We searched for evidence of PSGE in honey bees using transcriptomes from reciprocal crosses between European and Africanized strains. We found 46 transcripts with significant parent-of-origin effects on gene expression, many of which overexpressed the maternal allele. Interestingly, we also found a large proportion of genes showing a bias toward maternal alleles in only one of the reciprocal crosses. These results indicate that PSGE may occur in social insects. The nonreciprocal effects could be largely driven by hybrid incompatibility between these strains. Future work will help to determine if these are indeed parent-of-origin effects that can modulate inclusive fitness benefits.
Development of a 63K SNP Array for Cotton and High-Density Mapping of Intraspecific and Interspecific Populations of Gossypium spp.
Authors: Hulse-Kemp Amanda M , Lemm Jana , Plieske Joerg , Ashrafi Hamid , Buyyarapu Ramesh , Fang David D , Frelichowski James , Giband Marc , Hague Steve , Hinze Lori L , Kochan Kelli J , Riggs Penny K , Scheffler Jodi A , Udall Joshua A , Ulloa Mauricio , Wang Shirley S , Zhu Qian-Hao , Bag Sumit K , Bhardwaj Archana , Burke John J , Byers Robert L , Claverie Michel , Gore Michael A , Harker David B , Islam Md S , Jenkins Johnie N , Jones Don C , Lacape Jean-Marc , Llewellyn Danny J , Percy Richard G , Pepper Alan E , Poland Jesse A , Mohan Rai Krishan , Sawant Samir V , Singh Sunil Kumar , Spriggs Andrew , Taylor Jen M , Wang Fei , Yourstone Scott M , Zheng Xiuting , Lawley Cindy T , Ganal Martin W , Van Deynze Allen , Wilson Iain W , Stelly David M 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
High-throughput genotyping arrays provide a standardized resource for plant breeding communities that are useful for a breadth of applications including high-density genetic mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genomic selection (GS), complex trait dissection, and studying patterns of genomic diversity among cultivars and wild accessions. We have developed the CottonSNP63K, an Illumina Infinium array containing assays for 45,104 putative intraspecific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for use within the cultivated cotton species Gossypium hirsutum L. and 17,954 putative interspecific SNP markers for use with crosses of other cotton species with G. hirsutum. The SNPs on the array were developed from 13 different discovery sets that represent a diverse range of G. hirsutum germplasm and five other species: G. barbadense L., G. tomentosum Nuttal × Seemann, G. mustelinum Miers × Watt, G. armourianum Kearny, and G. longicalyx J.B. Hutchinson and Lee. The array was validated with 1,156 samples to generate cluster positions to facilitate automated analysis of 38,822 polymorphic markers. Two high-density genetic maps containing a total of 22,829 SNPs were generated for two F2 mapping populations, one intraspecific and one interspecific, and 3,533 SNP markers were co-occurring in both maps. The produced intraspecific genetic map is the first saturated map that associates into 26 linkage groups corresponding to the number of cotton chromosomes for a cross between two G. hirsutum lines. The linkage maps were shown to have high levels of collinearity to the JGI G. raimondii Ulbrich reference genome sequence. The CottonSNP63K array, cluster file and associated marker sequences constitute a major new resource for the global cotton research community.
Evidence for a Common Origin of Homomorphic and Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes in Distinct Spinacia Species
Authors: Fujito Satoshi , Takahata Satoshi , Suzuki Reimi , Hoshino Yoichiro , Ohmido Nobuko , Onodera Yasuyuki 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The dioecious genus Spinacia is thought to include two wild relatives (S. turkestanica Ilj. and S. tetrandra Stev.) of cultivated spinach (S. oleracea L.). In this study, nuclear and chloroplast sequences from 21 accessions of Spinacia germplasm and six spinach cultivars or lines were subjected to phylogenetic analysis to define the relationships among the three species. Maximum-likelihood sequence analysis suggested that the Spinacia plant samples could be classified into two monophyletic groups (Group 1 and Group 2): Group 1 consisted of all accessions, cultivars, and lines of S. oleracea L. and S. turkestanica Ilj. and two of five S. tetrandra Stev. accessions, whereas Group 2 was composed of the three remaining S. tetrandra Stev. accessions. By using flow cytometry, we detected a distinct difference in nuclear genome size between the groups. Group 2 also was characterized by a sexual dimorphism in inflorescence structure, which was not observed in Group 1. Interspecific crosses between the groups produced hybrids with drastically reduced pollen fertility and showed that the male is the heterogametic sex (XY) in Group 2, as is the case in S. oleracea L. (Group 1). Cytogenetic and DNA marker analyses suggested that Group 1 and Group 2 have homomorphic and heteromorphic sex chromosome pairs (XY), respectively, and that the sex chromosome pairs of the two groups evolved from a common ancestral pair. Our data suggest that the Spinacia genus may serve as a good model for investigation of evolutionary mechanisms underlying the emergence of heteromorphic sex chromosome pairs from ancestral homomorphic pairs.
A Genetic Screen forSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMutants That Fail to Enter Quiescence
Authors: Li Lihong , Miles Shawna , Breeden Linda L 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBudding yeast begin the transition to quiescence by prolonging G1 and accumulating limited nutrients. They undergo asymmetric cell divisions, slow cellular expansion, acquire significant stress tolerance and construct elaborate cell walls. These morphologic changes give rise to quiescent (Q) cells, which can be distinguished from three other cell types in a stationary phase culture by flow cytometry. We have used flow cytometry to screen for genes that are required to obtain the quiescent cell fraction. We find that cell wall integrity is critical and these genes may help define quiescence-specific features of the cell wall. Genes required to evade the host innate immune response are common. These may be new targets for antifungal drugs. Acquired thermotolerance is also a common property, and we show that the stress-response transcription factors Msn2 and Msn4 promote quiescence. Many other pathways also contribute, including a subset of genes involved in autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, DNA replication, bud site selection, and cytokinesis.