bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on selected parameters of humoral immunity in calves
Authors: Wójcik R. , Małaczewska J. , Siwicki A.K. , Miciński J. , Zwierzchowski G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on selected parameters of the humoral immunity in calves. The experiment was performed on 14 calves aged 30 ± 2 days, divided into two equal groups of control (group K) and experimental (group H) animals. The feed administered to the experimental calves was supplemented with HMB at 40 mg/kg BW, whereas the control calves were administered standard farm-made feed without supplementation. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein immediately before the experiment (day 0) and on experimental days 15, 30 and 60 to determine the following immunological parameters: total protein levels, gammaglobulin levels, lysozyme activity and ceruloplasmin activity. An analysis of the results obtained revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05; p < 0.01; p < 0.001 respectively) in gammaglobulin levels and lysozyme activity throughout the entire experimental period, an increase (p < 0.05; p < 0.01 respectively) in ceruloplasmin activity on experimental days 15 and 30, but no changes in serum total protein levels of calves administered HMB as compared to those found in the control group
Neoplastic lesions in the nasal cavities of dogs
Authors: Spużak J. , Jankowski M. , Kubiak K. , Glińska-Suchocka K. , Grzegory M. , Hałoń A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis paper aims at evaluating the frequency of nasal cavity tumors in dogs as well as comparing an endoscopic examination with a histopathological evaluation of the collected biopsy specimens. The study was conducted on 68 dogs. During the endoscopic examination, proliferative lesions were recognized in 20 dogs. During the histopathological examination, neoplastic lesions were confirmed in 95% of the dogs in which proliferative lesions were identified in the endoscopic examination. Adenocarcinoma occurred most frequently in the population under study
Occurrence, characteristics and control of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 in pigeons
Authors: Pestka D. , Stenzel T. , Koncicki A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious and devastating viral disease of poultry and other birds that has a worldwide distribution. ND in pigeons is called paramyxovirosis and is caused by antigenic “pigeon variant” of the virus (pigeon paramyxovirus type 1, PPMV-1). During PPMV-1 infections, central nervous system symptoms and sometimes high mortality are observed. In the case of infection with viscerotropic strains which exhibit specific affinity for the kidneys, the first observed sign is polyuria, and neural symptoms appear only in individual birds in the flock. Due to the similarity of symptoms of paramyxovirosis to the pigeon herpes virus infection (PHV), sodium chloride poisoning, overdose of ronidazole or vitamin B1 deficiency, it is necessary to perform laboratory tests to make a correct diagnosis. After virus isolation PPMV-1 can be detected initially by haemagglutination assay (HA). PPMV-1 can be confirmed by conventional serological tests such a haemagglutination inhibition test (HI) or molecular-based techniques. In the prophylaxis of paramyxovirosis in pigeons, inactivated vaccines are used, administered by subcutaneous injection in various prevention programs. However, vaccination should be only one component of a strategy of PPMV-1 control, on a par with effective biosecurity and proper, effective methods of prevention and diagnostics of paramyxovirosis
Oxidative parameters and expression of 70kDa heat shock proteins in pig heart tissue after transport and slaughter
Authors: Urban-Chmiel R. , Pyz-Łukasik R. , Dudzic A. , Wernicki A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn view of the significant role of Hsp70 in protecting the organism against the destructive effects of stress, and the possibility of using this protein as a marker of the infarction process in the heart, the aim of this study was to conduct an evaluation of the expression of 70kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp70) and the concentration of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and nitric oxide ions (NO), determined as nitrite ions, as markers of oxidative stress in hearts obtained from healthy pigs following slaughter and pigs which had died during or immediately after transport with symptoms of sudden cardiac death.The material consisted of hearts obtained from 90 pigs following slaughter and from pigs which had died. Oxidative stress was determined in heart lysates based on the concentration of TBARS and nitrite ions. Expression and concentration of Hsp70 were determined using SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, and ELISA.Expression of Hsp70 was observed in hearts lysates obtained from slaughtered pigs and from those which had died with symptoms of sudden death. The strongest reaction in the Western Blotting was noted in hearts lysates from pigs with no pathological changes. The highest TBARS concentration was observed in lysates from hearts in pigs which had died during or immediately after transport. The highest concentration of NO ions, determined as nitrite ions, was noted in hearts from pigs with myocardial infarction lesions. The significant decrease observed in Hsp70 concentration in heart tissue obtained from the pigs which had died in comparison to the hearts from healthy pigs indicates the important role of this protein in protecting the heart muscle against the destructive effects of stress, which limits the occurrence of post-stress cardiomyopathy in pigs following transport.
The in vitro effect of kynurenic acid on the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) leukocyte and splenocyte activity
Authors: Małaczewska J. , Siwicki A. K. , Wójcik R. , Turski W. a. , Kaczorek E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous neuroprotectant formed along the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation, is a selective ligand of the GPR35 receptor, which can be found on the surface of various populations of human immune cells. In infections and inflammations, KYNA produces an anti-inflammatory effect through this receptor, by depressing the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, it is still unrecognized whether receptors for kynurenic acid are also localized on immune cells of poikilothermic animals, or whether KYNA is able to affect these cells. The objective of this study has been to determine the effect of different concentrations of kynurenic acid (12.5 μM to 10 mM) on the viability and mitogenic response of lymphocytes and on the activity of phagocytic cells isolated from blood and the spleen of rainbow trout. The results imply low toxicity of kynurenic acid towards fish immune cells, and the proliferative effect observed at the two lowest concentrations of KYNA (12.5 μM and 25 μM) seems indicative of endogenous kynurenic acid being capable of activating fish lymphocytes. Non-toxic, micromole concentrations of KYNA, however, had no influence on the mitogenic response of lymphocytes nor on the activity of phagocytes in rainbow trout under in vitro conditions. There is some likelihood that such an effect could be observed at lower, nanomole concentrations of KYNA.
Diagnostic performance of ID Screen® MVV-CAEV Indirect Screening ELISA in identifying small ruminant lentiviruses-infected goats
Authors: Nowicka D. , Czopowicz M. , Mickiewicz M. , Szaluś-Jordanow O. , Witkowski L. , Bagnicka E. , Kaba J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDiagnostic performance of ID Screen®MVV-CAEV Indirect Screening ELISA in identifying goats infected with small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) was evaluated. In total 299 serum samples from the collection of the Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics - 109 truly positive and 190 truly negative - were used. To be enrolled in the study a serum sample had to come from at least 2 year-old goat which had reacted identically in two serological surveys preceding sample collection and was kept in a herd of stable serological status confirmed at least twice during preceding 5 years. Moreover, in seropositive herds at least 20% of goats had to be serologically positive at the moment when the serum sample was collected for the study. The test proved to have high accuracy. Area under curve was 98.8% (95% CI: 97.5%, 100%). Diagnostic performance of the test was almost identical (Youlden’s index of 90%, sensitivity >90% and specificity >95%) within a fairly wide range of cut-off values - between 20% and 60%. At manufacturer’s cut-off of 50% sensitivity and specificity were 91.7% (95% CI: 85.0%, 95.6%) and 98.9% (95% CI: 96.2%, 99.7%), respectively. For this cut-off positive likelihood ratio was 87 (95% CI: 22, 346) and negative likelihood ratio was 0.08 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.16). In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that ID Screen®MVV-CAEV Indirect Screening ELISA is a highly accurate diagnostic test for SRLV infection.
Effect of 24 hour application of three hemostatic dressings to porcine thigh muscles
Authors: Adamiak Z. , Jastrzębski P. , Pomianowski A. , Otrocka-Domagała I. , Holak P. , Zhalniarovich Y. , Przyborowska P. , Głodek J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The effectiveness of three types of hemostatic dressings, QuikClot Gauze, ChitoGauze PRO and Celox Gauze, was evaluated in nine pigs. The results indicated a strong influence of all examined dressings on porcine femoral muscle tissue evaluated 24 hours after direct contact. A histopathological analysis revealed pathological changes in muscle tissue specimens collected from all the animals.
Comparison of High Resolution Gradient Echo, XBONE T1, XBONE T2, Spin Echo T1 and 3D SST1 magnetic resonance imaging sequences for imagining the canine elbow
Authors: Zhalniarovich Y. , Adamiak Z. , Głodek J. , Przyborowska P. , Holak P. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTwenty canine elbows were examined by low-field MRI. The objective of this study was to compare five magnetic resonance sequences: High Resolution Gradient Echo in the sagittal plane, XBONE T2 in the sagittal plane, Spin Echo T1 in the sagittal plane, Spin Echo T1 in the dorsal plane and 3D SST1 and XBONE T1 in the transverse plane, and to determine which sequences have the highest diagnostic value in imagining the canine elbow. High Resolution Gradient Echo, XBONE T2 and Spin Echo T1 sequences in the sagittal plane proved to be very useful in evaluations of osseous structures such as the medial coronoid process, the anconeal process of the ulna and joint surfaces. The above sequences facilitate evaluations of radial extensor muscle of the wrist, biceps brachii muscle, triceps brachii muscle and the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. 3D SST1 and XBONE T1 sequences in the transverse plane produce high-quality images of the medial humeral condyle and surfaces of the elbow joint. Those sequences are also useful for evaluating the surrounding muscles: extensor digitorum communis muscle, extensor carpi radialis muscle, deltoid muscle, biceps brachii muscle, pronator teres muscle and flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. The Spin Echo T1 sequence in the dorsal plane facilitates assessments of joint surfaces, medial humeral condyle, superficial digital flexor muscle, deep digital flexor muscle, triceps brachii muscle and extensor digitorum lateralis muscle. The Spin Echo T1 sequence in the sagittal plane has a short scan time, but it produces images of lower quality than High Resolution Gradient Echo and XBONE T2 sequences in the sagittal plane.
Electroencephalographic recordings of physiological activity of the sheep cerebral cortex
Authors: Cwynar P. , Kołacz R. , Walerjan P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper presents the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex in sheep in electroencephalographic findings. The study was performed to evaluate and improve understanding of brain monitoring methods in freely moving animals without the use of any anaesthetic methods during the acquisition stage. The aim of the study was to determine the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex in animals in a sheep model (using clinically healthy Polish Merino rams, aged 1 yr.) to determine its clinical EEG protocol. The EEG was registered using an in-lab EEG device as well as ambulatory systems (Holter EEG). The bioelectrical activity of the sheep cerebral cortex was recorded using gold disc and needle electrodes placed on experimentally determined locations on the scalp. The main finding of this study was the rhythmic EEG activity of the sheep brain in wakeful and conscious states (eyes open). The rhythm was bilaterally synchronous and determined a basic pattern in the registration of physiological activity of the cerebral cortex. The acquired rhythm may correspond to the theta rhythm in humans, which is a normal activity controlled by the hippocampus. This background activity comprised intermittent episodic slow waves and synchronous beta waves.
Association of polymorphism within LTF gene promoter with lactoferrin concentration in milk of Holstein cows
Authors: Zabolewicz T. , Barcewicz M. , Brym P. , Puckowska P. , Kamiński S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This study analyzed the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (A/C) in position -28 located in the TATA box of LTF gene and the lactoferrin concentration in bovine milk secreted by healthy and infected udders. Out of 241, 69 cows were selected into the experimental group and were divided into 3 groups according to mean value of somatic cell count (SCC): I <180 000 cells/mL, II: 180 000 - 350 000 cells/mL and III > 350 000 cells/mL. In each SCC group, three LTF genotypes: AA, AC and CC were identified by PCR-SSCP method. A total of 604 milk samples were collected monthly and lactoferrin concentration was measured by ELISA. The 1-way ANOVA within SCC groups was performed to estimate association of -28 A/C genotypes with mean lactoferrin concentration per lactation. In the group of healthy cows (<180 000 cells/mL) LTF concentration in milk cows with the AA genotype (107.58 ± 17.92 μg/mL) was significantly higher than in homozygotes CC (52.09 ± 19.01 μg/mL). Unexpectedly, in cows with elevated SCC (>350 000 cells/mL) we observed a significant opposite relationship (207.21 ± 28.50 in CC vs 115.0 ± 28.6 μg/mL in AA). We hypothesized that a promoter with allele C, which cannot be recognized as a TATA sequence is becoming more accessible for other transcription factors, which may induce alternative LTF gene expression. We assume that our results demonstrate a very interesting effect of differential gene expression depending on polymorphism in a key regulatory motif (TATA box) and also on the health status of mammary tissues.
Trueperella pyogenes and Escherichia coli as an etiological factor of endometritis in cows and the susceptibility of these bacteria to selected antibiotics
Authors: Brodzki P. , Bochniarz M. , Brodzki A. , Wrona Z. , Wawron W. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the percentage of participation of particular species of microorganisms, isolated from the uterus of cows with endometritis and from cows without inflammatory lesions of the uterus, in the same postpartum period. The aim of the study was also to examine how long after parturition non-treated endometritis persists. Moreover, antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out of the bacterial isolates dominating in the uterus. Forty cows were included in the study: 20 cows with endometritis (experimental group) and 20 cows without any inflammatory condition of the uterus (control group). The material for cytological and bacteriological tests was collected on the 5th, 26th, 40thand 60thday after parturition, using an intrauterine brush adapted for cows. The total number of collected isolates was 149, including 120 isolates from the uterus of cows with endometritis and 29 isolates from the uterus of cows without endometritis. The following species of microorganisms were isolated from the material collected from cows with endometritis: T. pyogenes (49.2%), E.coli (22.5%), F. necrophorum (11.7%), Staphylococcus sp. (6.7%), B. melaninogenicus (5.8%), and Streptococcus sp. (4.1%). The participation percentage of particular species of bacteria in the material collected from the uterus of cows without endometritis was as follows: T. pyogenes (27.6%), E.coli (24.2%), Staphylococcus sp. (20.7%), Streptococcus sp. (20.7%), B. melaninogenicus (3.4%) and F. necrophorum (3.4%). The highest percentage of T. pyogenes isolates was susceptible to ceftiofur (89.6%); cefoperazone (85.1%) and amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid (79.1%). E. coli isolates were most susceptible to amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid (100%), cefoperazone (94.1%) and oxytetracycline (82.3%).
Immunological and biochemical indicators in turkeys fed diets with a different Methionine content
Authors: Kubińska M. , Tykałowski B. , Jankowski J. , Koncicki A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different levels of dietary methionine on selected immune parameters of young turkeys. A total of 357 one-day-old female Hybrid Converter turkeys were randomly divided into three groups with low, medium and high level of dietary methionine (LM, MM, HM) of seven replicates each. Methionine was added to the basal diet (LM) at 0.16% (MM) and 0.32% (HM). At 17 days of age, seven birds per group were vaccinated against Ornithobacterium rhinotraheale (ORT) infection, with ORNITIN (ABIC) vaccine. At 28 days of age, blood was sampled and the birds were euthanized. The serum concentrations and activity of selected biochemical parameters, total IgY and IgM, and vaccine-induced antibody titers (IgY) against ORT were determined. The percentages of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ T cell subpopulations and IgM+ B cell subpopulation were determined in blood and organs by flow cytometry.
Different supplementary levels of methionine had no significant effect on vaccine-induced antibody titers against ORT or total serum IgM and IgY levels, as well as on the percentages of peripheral blood T and B cell subsets. Increasing dietary methionine rates decreased the percentage of CD4+ T cell subpopulation, however it has increased the percentage of IgM+ B cell subpopulation in the spleen. Vaccination against ORT resulted in a significant decrease in the percentage of CD4+ T cell subset and an increase in the percentage of CD8+ T cell subset in the spleen. It could be concluded that MM turkeys have developed the most desirable values of immune parameters.
Proliferative and oxidative response of hepatocytes (Hep) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) isolated from rats exposed to ketogenic diet
Authors: Wójcik M. , Wessely-Szponder J. , Kosior-Korzecka U. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Ketogenic diet (KD) is considered in the context of its anti-epileptic effects, but its influence on liver dysfunction has not been elucidated yet. The study was aimed to investigate the activity of hepatocytes (Hep) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) isolated from rats fed with KD, in respect of NO and superoxide generation by these cells as well as their proliferative activity in vitro. We also sought to characterize the plasma FFA profiles in control and ketogenic rats. Hep and HSC were isolated by the collagenase perfusion method and separated by the Percoll gradient centrifugation. After the 4th, 8th and 12th day of incubation, the media were collected for further analysis. NO generation increased within the time of incubation both in Hep and HSC isolated from KD-rats. In HSC group NO production raised significantly from 2.65 ± 0.07 μM/106 cells on 4th day of incubation to 5.49 ± 1.2 μM/106 cells on 12th day of incubation. In respect to O2-. generation experimental Hep and HSC provide considerably higher quantities of this free radical. until 12th day of incubation (2.5 ± 0.07 and 3.2 ± 0.3 nM/106 cells, respectively). Although KD exerts anti-proliferative effect on hepatocytes, in respect to HSC it intensifies their proliferative activity. Furthermore, as we estimated on the basis of NO and O2-. generation both Hep and HSC exposed to KD are the source of free radicals
Serological studies to determine the occurrence of Johne’s disease and mycoplasma infection in the Northern-East Polish population of European bison (Bison bonasus)
Authors: Krzysiak M.K. , Dudek K. , Krajewska M. , Bednarek D. , Szulowski K. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A serological study of twenty three European bison (Bison bonasus) derived from Northern-East Poland for the seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC, Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae was conducted. Only specific antibodies to M. bovis were detected in two animals (8.7%) which were connected with the clinical signs and macroscopic anatomopathological lesions.
Response of the coagulation system after application of hemostatic dressings in an animal model
Authors: Jastrzębski P. , Adamiak Z. , Pomianowski A. , Krystkiewicz W. , Holak P. , Sawicki S. , Przyborowska P. , Zhalniarovich Y. , Gudzbeler G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the response of hemostatic dressings. Coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, red blood cell parameters, platelet and leukocyte counts were evaluated after the application of hemostatic dressings: QuikClot, Chitoauze and Celox gauze. The experiment was performed on ten pigs
Autonomic drugs in the treatment of canine and feline glaucoma – Part I: Medications that lower intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour
Authors: Maślanka T. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
One characteristic of the most common types of glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which has a damaging effect on optic nerve axons, leading to progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells. Therefore, ocular hypotensive drugs are the mainstay of pharmacological therapy for glaucoma. This review article, which is the first part of a two-part series, is dedicated to autonomic drugs which lower IOP by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour. These agents are subdivided into two groups: (a) drugs that lower IOP by increasing the trabecular outflow and the uveoscleral outflow (i.e. nonselective adrenergic agonists), and (b) medications that lower IOP by opening of the drainage angle and by increasing the conventional outflow via the trabecular outflow (i.e. parasympathomimetics). This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge on the mechanism of action of these drugs and their effect on IOP in dogs and cats. Moreover, it discusses possible undesirable side effects of these medications and presents the current ideas about their role and position in the medical management of glaucoma in small animals