bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient experiences of an extended role in healthcare: comparing emergency care practitioners (ECPs) with usual providers in different emergency and urgent care settings
Authors: O'Keeffe Colin , Mason Suzanne , Knowles Emma 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThis study compared patient experiences of care provided by emergency care practitioners (ECPs) and usual providers in different emergency and urgent care settings.MethodsA self-completed postal questionnaire study as part of a pragmatic quasi experimental trial in five paired sites with intervention (ECP) services matched with control (usual provider) services.ResultsA greater percentage of ECP patients reported being very satisfied with overall care in all five pairs of sites. In three pairs, these percentage differences were statistically significant.ConclusionsUsers of ECP services were more likely to be highly satisfied with overall care than usual provider patients in the study settings.
Antibodies toTrichomonas vaginalissurface glycolipid
Authors: Bastida-Corcuera F D , Singh B N , Gray G C , Stamper P D , Davuluri M , Schlangen K , Corbeil R R , Corbeil L B 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundHuman trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease, yet immune responses are not well studied.MethodsSince theTrichomonas vaginalislipophosphoglycan (TvLPG) is an important virulence factor, a bank of eight monoclonal antibodies was generated to define the antigen in clinical isolates. The TvLPG-specific antibody response of women who were culture positive (n=33) or negative (n=33) forT vaginalisinfection was determined by isotype-specific ELISA.ResultsThe bank of monoclonal antibodies reacted with conserved surface TvLPG epitopes in 27 isolates from pregnant women at their first prenatal visit. Conserved TvLPG epitopes were shown to be surface exposed by immunofluorescence. Sera collected from the same patients at the same time were assayed for specific antibodies. Serum and vaginal secretions from 33T vaginalis-positive women had statistically higher IgG anti-TvLPG levels than age-matched and race-matched negative controls in the same clinical study (p<0.01). Vaginal IgA anti-TvLPG levels of the women with trichomoniasis were almost significantly higher than controls (p=0.055). Infected women with normal pregnancies had significantly higher vaginal IgG anti-TvLPG values than infected women with adverse outcomes of pregnancy.ConclusionsThese antibody responses show that infected women can respond to the conserved TvLPG antigen. Since antibodies to trichomonad surface LPG protect in a bovine model of trichomoniasis, the role of these antibodies in the human disease should be investigated.
Comparison of terazosin and prazosin for treatment of vesico‐urethral reflex dyssynergia in dogs
Authors: Haagsman A. N. , Kummeling A. , Moes M. E. , Mesu S. J. , Kirpensteijn J. 
Published: June 2013

Nineteen dogs with vesico‐urethral reflex dyssynergia (VURD) were treated with prazosin or terazosin 0.5 mg/kg twice daily to compare efficacy and side effects. Dogs were referred because of signs of (partial) urethral obstruction. Physical examination, abdominal ultrasonography, urinalysis and a radiographic contrast study of bladder and urethra (urethrocystography) were routinely performed. If no mechanical causes of obstruction or disease of the distal urinary tract were observed, the diagnosis VURD was presumed and the dogs were included in our study. Follow‐up information was obtained from owners or referring veterinarians. Significantly more side effects were seen in the dogs treated with terazosin (n=14; 93 per cent) compared with the dogs treated with prazosin (n=5; 20 per cent; P=0.002). Effects of the treatment were comparable between prazosin and terazosin. Labradors and dogs that were castrated surgically had a significant better survival (P<0.01) compared with other breeds and animals that were castrated chemically. There was a moderate to good effect in 60 per cent of the dogs treated with prazosin, and in 64 per cent of the dogs treated with terazosin.
Carotid Calcification in Mice: A New Model to Study the Effects of Arterial Stiffness on the Brain
Authors: Sadekova Nataliya , Vallerand Diane , Guevara Edgar , Lesage Frédéric , Girouard Hélène 
Published: June 2013

Background
Arterial stiffness has been identified as an important risk factor for cognitive decline. However, its effects on the brain's health are unknown, and there is no animal model available to study the precise impact of arterial stiffness on the brain. Therefore, the objective of the study was to develop and characterize a new model specific to arterial stiffness in order to study its effects on the brain.

Methods and Results

Calcium chloride (CaCl
2
) was applied to carotid arteries of mice, inducing an increase in collagen distribution and intima–media thickness, a fragmentation of elastin, a decrease in arterial compliance and distensibility, and an increase in cerebral blood flow pulsatility (n=3 to 11). Calcium deposits were only present at the site of CaCl
2
application, and there was no increase in systemic blood pressure or change in vessel radius making this model specific for arterial stiffness. The effects of carotid stiffness were then assessed in the brain. Carotid calcification induced an increase in the production of cerebral superoxide anion and neurodegeneration, detected with
F
luoro‐
J
ade B staining, in the hippocampus (n=3 to 5), a key region for memory and cognition.

Conclusions
A new model of arterial stiffness based on carotid calcification was developed and characterized. This new model meets all the characteristics of arterial stiffness, and its specificity allows the study of the effects of arterial stiffness on the brain.
Un rêve qui tombe à pic La rhétorique de Jacob en Gn 31:4-13
Authors: Salman Émine , Wénin André 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Comment considérer, au plan narratif, le discours de Jacob à Rachel et Léa en Gn 31:4-13, et en particulier le rêve qu’il leur raconte (v. 10-13) ? Faut-il y voir un flash-back comblant des omissions du récit antécédent, ou une invention rhétorique du personnage « accommodant » la réalité pour amener ses femmes à prendre parti pour lui contre leur père et à l’accompagner dans son voyage de retour ? En montrant comment les données du récit du narrateur sont présentées par Jacob, le présent article met en évidence la rhétorique plus que tendancieuse du patriarche qui, selon toute vraisemblance, « invente » le rêve pour donner davantage de poids à son discours.
A Coupled Model for Laplace's Tidal Equations in a Fluid with One Horizontal Dimension and Variable Depth
Authors: Kelly Samuel M. , Jones Nicole L. , Nash Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTide–topography interactions dominate the transfer of tidal energy from large to small scales. At present, it is poorly understood how low-mode internal tides reflect and scatter along the continental margins. Here, the coupling equations for linear tides model (CELT) are derived to determine the independent modal solutions to Laplace's Tidal Equations (LTE) over stepwise topography in one horizontal dimension. CELT is (i) applicable to arbitrary one-dimensional topography and realistic stratification without requiring numerically expensive simulations and (ii) formulated to quantify scattering because it implicitly separates incident and reflected waves. Energy fluxes and horizontal velocities obtained using CELT are shown to converge to analytical solutions, indicating that “flat bottom” modes, which evolve according to LTE, are also relevant in describing tides over sloping topography. The theoretical framework presented can then be used to quantify simultaneous incident and reflected energy fluxes in numerical simulations and observations of tidal flows that vary in one horizontal dimension. Thus, CELT can be used to diagnose internal-tide scattering on continental slopes. Here, semidiurnal mode-1 scattering is simulated on the Australian northwest, Brazil, and Oregon continental slopes. Energy-flux divergence and directional energy fluxes computed using CELT are shown to agree with results from a finite-volume model that is significantly more numerically expensive. Last, CELT is used to examine the dynamics of two-way surface–internal-tide coupling. Semidiurnal mode-1 internal tides are found to transmit about 5% of their incident energy flux to the surface tide where they impact the continental slope. It is hypothesized that this feedback may decrease the coherence of sea surface displacement on continental shelves.
Recent trends in publications of US vascular surgery program directors
Authors: Hingorani Anil , DerDerian Trevor , Gallagher James , Ascher Enrico 
Published: June 2013

Aim We reviewed the number of vascular publications listed in PubMed from 2001 to 2009 for US program directors in vascular surgery and suggest that this can be used as a benchmark. Methods PubMed listed 3284 citations published during this time period. The average number of citations in PubMed per program director was 3.68 per year. The top third produced 67% of the publications. Journal of Vascular Surgery publications made up 37%. No statistical differences could be ascertained between the regions of the country and the number of publications. Results Compared to the first six years, the number of citations decreased during the last three years (13%). During the first period, there were no programs with no publications and seven with no Journal of Vascular Surgery publication. During the last three years, there were seven programs with no publications and 19 programs with no Journal of Vascular Surgery publications. The number of aortic-endovascular citations peaked in 2002 and 2003, while the number of open and basic science citations decreased. Imaging citations peaked in 2003–2005, and carotid-endovascular, vein-endovascular, and thoracic aortic-endovascular citations climbed. Conclusions The decrease in the number of citations/program/year raises concern about the level of academic activity in vascular surgery. Overall, the annual distribution of the topic of these citations represents a continued shift from open to endovascular cases and decreasing basic science citations.
Dynamics of fecal microbial communities in children with diarrhea of unknown etiology and genomic analysis of associated Streptococcus lutetiensis
Authors: Jin Dong , Chen Chen , Li Lianqing , Lu Shan , Li Zhenjun , Zhou Zhemin , Jing Huaiqi , Xu Yanmei , Du Pengcheng , Wang Haiyin , Xiong Yanwen , Zheng Han , Bai Xuemei , Sun Hui , Wang Lei , Ye Changyun , Gottschalk Marcelo , Xu Jianguo 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
The sequences of the 16S rRNA genes extracted from fecal samples provide insights into the dynamics of fecal microflora. This potentially gives valuable etiological information for patients whose conditions have been ascribed to unknown pathogens, which cannot be accomplished using routine culture methods. We studied 33 children with diarrhea who were admitted to the Children’s Hospital in Shanxi Province during 2006.

Results
Nineteen of 33 children with diarrhea could not be etiologically diagnosed by routine culture and polymerase chain reaction methods. Eleven of 19 children with diarrhea of unknown etiology had Streptococcus as the most dominant fecal bacterial genus at admission. Eight of nine children whom three consecutive fecal samples were collected had Streptococcus as the dominant fecal bacterial genus, including three in the Streptococcus bovis group and three Streptococcus sp., which was reduced during and after recovery. We isolated strains that were possibly from the S. bovis group from feces sampled at admission, which were then identified as Streptococcus lutetiensis from one child and Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus from two children. We sequenced the genome of S. lutetiensis and identified five antibiotic islands, two pathogenicity islands, and five unique genomic islands. The identified virulence genes included hemolytic toxin cylZ of Streptococcus agalactiae and sortase associated with colonization of pathogenic streptococci.

Conclusions
We identified S. lutetiensis and S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus from children with diarrhea of unknown etiology, and found pathogenic islands and virulence genes in the genome of S. lutetiensis.
Examining the impact of familiarity on faucet usability for older adults with dementia
Authors: Boger Jennifer , Craig Tammy , Mihailidis Alex 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Changes in cognition caused by dementia can significantly alter how a person perceives familiarity, impacting the recognition and usability of everyday products. A person who is unable to use products cannot autonomously complete associated activities, resulting in increased dependence on a caregiver and potential move to assisted living facilities. The research presented in this paper hypothesised that products that are more familiar will result in better usability for older adults with dementia. Better product usability could, in turn, potentially support independence and autonomy.

Methods
This research investigated the impact of familiarity on the use of five faucet designs during 1309 handwashing trials by 27 older adults, who ranged from cognitively intact to the advanced (severe) stages of dementia. Human factors methods were used to collect empirical and self-reported data to gauge faucets’ usability. Participants’ data were grouped according to cognition (i.e., no/mild, moderate, or severe dementia). Logistic regression, ranking by odds, and Wald tests of odds ratios were used to compare performance of the three groups on the different faucets. Qualitative data were used in the interpretation of quantitative results.

Results
Results indicated that more familiar faucets correlated with lower levels of assistance from a caregiver, fewer operational errors, and greater levels of operator satisfaction. Aspects such as the ability to control water temperature and flow as well as pleasing aesthetics appeared to positively impact participants’ acceptance of a faucet. The dual lever design achieved the best overall usability.

Conclusions
While work must be done to expand these findings to other products and tasks, this research provides evidence that familiarity plays a substantial role in product usability for older adults that appears to become more influential as dementia progresses. The methods used in this research could be adapted to analyse usability for other products by older adults with dementia.
Early utilization of hypertonic peritoneal dialysate and subsequent risks of non-traumatic amputation among peritoneal dialysis patients: a nationwide retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Lin Shih-Yi , Lin Che-Chen , Lin Chung-Chih , Chung Chi-Jung , Yeh Horng-Che , Wang I-Kuan , Ting I-Wen , Huang Chiu-Chin , Sung Fung-Chang 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
The hemodialysis (HD) population has a particularly high incidence of amputation, which is likely associated with decreased tissue oxygenation during HD. However, information about the risk factors leading to amputation in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is limited. Here, we have investigated the association between the use of hypertonic peritoneal dialysate (HPD) and subsequent amputation in PD patients.

Methods
Based on the data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance research database, this observational cohort study enrolled 203 PD patients who had received HPD early during treatment and had not undergone amputation and 296 PD controls who had not undergone amputation. Subjects were followed through until the end of 2009 and the event rates of new non-traumatic amputation were compared between groups.

Results
The incidence of amputation was 3 times higher for the HPD cohort than for the comparison cohort (23.68 vs. 8.01 per 1000 person-years). The hazard ratio (HR) for this group, estimated using a multivariable Cox model, was 2.48 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–5.79). The HR for patients with both diabetes and early adoption of HPD increased to 44.34 (95% CI = 5.51-357.03), compared to non-HPD non-diabetic PD controls.

Conclusion
Early utilization of HPD in PD patients is associated with increasing risk of amputation; this risk considerably increases for those with concomitant diabetes.
Semen astragali complanati- and rhizoma cibotii-enhanced bone formation in osteoporosis rats
Authors: Liu Meijie , Xiao Gary Guishan , Rong Peijing , Dong Jiazi , Zhang Zhiguo , Zhao Hongyan , Teng Jingru , Zhao Hongxia , Pan Jinghua , Li Yan , Zha Qinglin , Zhang Ying , Ju Dahong 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Growing evidence shows that herb medicines have some anti-osteoporotic effects, the mechanism underlying is unknown. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of Chinese herb supplements on rats that had osteoporosis-like symptom induced by ovariectomy (OVX).

Methods
OVX or sham operations were performed on virgin Wistar rats at three-month old, which were randomly divided into eight groups: sham (sham); OVX control group (OVX); OVX rats with treatments [either diethylstilbestrol (DES) or Semen Astragali Complanati decoction (SACD) or Rhizoma Cibotii decoction (RCD) or Herba Cistanches decoction (HCD) or Semen Allii Tuberosi decoction (SATD)]. Non-surgical rats were served as a normal control (NC). The treatments began 4 weeks after surgery, and lasted for 12 weeks. Bone mass and its turnover were analyzed by histomorphometry. Levels of protein and mRNA of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (RANKL) in osteoblasts (OB) and bone marrow stromal cells (bMSC) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.

Results
Compared to OVX control, TBV% in both SACD and RCD groups was increased significantly, while TRS%, TFS%, MAR, and mAR were decreased remarkably in the SACD group, only TRS% decreased dramatically in the RCD group. No significant changes in bone formation were observed in either HCD or SATD groups. OPG levels in both protein and mRNA were reduced consistantly in OB and bMSC from OVX control rats, in contrast, RANKL levels in both protein and mRNA were increased significantly. These effects were substantially reversed by treatments with either DES or SACD or RCD. No significant changes in both OPG and RANKL expression were observed in OB and bMSC from OVX rats treated with SATD and HCD.

Conclusions
Our study showed that SACD and RCD increased bone formation by stimulating OPG expression and downregulating RANKL expression in OB and bMSC. This suggests that SACD and RCD may be developed as alternative anti-osteoporotic agents for therapy of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Extracorporeal lung support in trauma patients with severe chest injury and acute lung failure: a 10-year institutional experience
Authors: Ried Michael , Bein Thomas , Philipp Alois , Müller Thomas , Graf Bernhard , Schmid Christof , Zonies David , Diez Claudius , Hofmann Hans Stefan 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Severe trauma with concomitant chest injury is frequently associated with acute lung failure (ALF). This report summarizes our experience with extracorporeal lung support (ELS) in thoracic trauma patients treated at the University Medical Center Regensburg.

Methods
A retrospective, observational analysis of prospectively collected data (Regensburg ECMO Registry database) was performed for all consecutive trauma patients with acute pulmonary failure requiring ELS during a 10-year interval.

Results
Between April 2002 and April 2012, 52 patients (49 male, three female) with severe thoracic trauma and ALF refractory to conventional therapy required ELS. The mean age was 32 ± 14 years (range, 16 to 72 years). Major traffic accident (73%) was the most common trauma, followed by blast injury (17%), deep fall (8%) and blunt trauma (2%). The mean Injury Severity Score was 58.9 ± 10.5, the mean lung injury score was 3.3 ± 0.6 and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was 10.5 ± 3. Twenty-six patients required pumpless extracorporeal lung assist (PECLA) and 26 patients required veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO) for primary post-traumatic respiratory failure. The mean time to ELS support was 5.2 ± 7.7 days (range, <24 hours to 38 days) and the mean ELS duration was 6.9 ± 3.6 days (range, <24 hours to 19 days). In 24 cases (48%) ELS implantation was performed in an external facility, and cannulation was done percutaneously by Seldinger's technique in 98% of patients. Cannula-related complications occurred in 15% of patients (PECLA, 19% (n = 5); vv-ECMO, 12% (n = 3)). Surgery was performed in 44 patients, with 16 patients under ELS prevention. Eight patients (15%) died during ELS support and three patients (6%) died after ELS weaning. The overall survival rate was 79% compared with the proposed Injury Severity Score-related mortality (59%).

Conclusion
Pumpless and pump-driven ELS systems are an excellent treatment option in severe thoracic trauma patients with ALF and facilitate survival in an experienced trauma center with an interdisciplinary treatment approach. We encourage the use of vv-ECMO due to reduced complication rates, better oxygenation and best short-term outcome.
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Due to Bilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage-Adrenal Infarction in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Long-Term Outcome of 16 Patients
Authors: Ramon Isolde , Mathian Alexis , Bachelot Anne , Hervier Baptiste , Haroche Julien , Boutin-Le Thi Huong Du , Costedoat-Chalumeau Nathalie , Wechsler Bertrand , Karmali Rafik , Velkeniers Brigitte , Touraine Philippe , Coussieu Christiane , Bennani Abdelhai , Renard-Penna Raphaele , Grenier Philippe A. , Wahl Denis , Piette Jean-Charles , Amoura Zahir 
Published: June 2013

Context:
Primary adrenal insufficiency due to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage-adrenal infarction is a rare and life-threatening manifestation of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS). Data on the long-term outcome are scarce.

Objective:
The aims of the present study were to analyze the long-term outcome related to APLS per se and to characterize the course of adrenal involvement.

Design:
We conducted a retrospective study of patients with bilateral adrenal hemorrhage-adrenal infarction secondary to APLS seen in the Department of Internal Medicine of Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris (France) between January 1990 and July 2010.

Results:
Three patients died during the acute phase related to APLS manifestations. Sixteen patients (7 males; 9 females) were followed up during a median period of 3.5 years (range 0.3–28.1 years). Three episodes of recurrent thrombosis were noted. One patient died from cerebral hemorrhage 3 months after the onset of adrenal insufficiency. Repeated Synacthen tests showed complete absence of response in 8 of the 10 patients assessed; cortisol and aldosterone increased appropriately in one patient and to some extent in another one. Dehydroepiandrosterone levels and 24-hour urinary epinephrine levels remained abnormally low in all evaluated patients. Adrenal imaging performed more than 1 year after the initial event revealed completely atrophic glands in 9 of 11 patients.

Conclusions:
This particular subset of APLS patients who survive the acute phase has a rather favorable long-term outcome. Although adrenal dysfunction is generally irreversible, adrenocortical function may, at least partially, recover in rare cases. In this view, measurement of early morning cortisol during follow-up is indicated to detect these patients.