bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The distribution of air bubble size in the pneumo-mechanical flotation machine . Rozkład wielkości pęcherzyków powietrza w pneumo-mechanicznej maszynie flotacyjnej
Authors: Brożek Marian , Młynarczykowska Anna 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The flotation rate constant is the value characterizing the kinetics of cyclic flotation. In the statistical theory of flotation its value is the function of probabilities of collision, adhesion and detachment of particle from the air bubble. The particle - air bubble collision plays a key role since there must be a prior collision before the particle - air bubble adhesion happens. The probability of such an event to occur is proportional to the ratio of the particle diameter to the bubble diameter. When the particle size is given, it is possible to control the value of collision probability by means of the size of air bubble. Consequently, it is significant to find the effect of physical and physicochemical factors upon the diameter of air bubbles in the form of a mathematical dependence.
In the pneumo-mechanical flotation machine the air bubbles are generated by the blades of the rotor. The dispergation rate is affected by, among others, rotational speed of the rotor, the air flow rate and the liquid surface tension, depending on the type and concentration of applied flotation reagents.
In the proposed paper the authors will present the distribution of air bubble diameters on the grounds of the above factors, according to the laws of thermodynamics. The correctness of the derived dependences will be verified empirically.
Changes of Selected Structural and Mechanical Properties of the Strzelin Granites As Induced By Thermal Loads / Wpływ Obciążeń Termicznych Na Zmiany Niektórych Strukturalnych I Mechanicznych Właściwości Granitów Strzelińskich
Authors: Nowakowski Andrzej , Młynarczuk Mariusz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Temperature is one of the basic factors influencing physical and structural properties of rocks. A quantitative and qualitative description of this influence becomes essential in underground construction and, in particular, in the construction of various underground storage facilities, including nuclear waste repositories. The present paper discusses the effects of temperature changes on selected mechanical and structural parameters of the Strzelin granites. Its authors focused on analyzing the changes of granite properties that accompany rapid temperature changes, for temperatures lower than 573ºC, which is the value at which the β - α phase transition in quartz occurs. Some of the criteria for selecting the temperature range were the results of measurements carried out at nuclear waste repositories. It was demonstrated that, as a result of the adopted procedure of heating and cooling of samples, the examined rock starts to reveal measurable structural changes, which, in turn, induces vital changes of its selected mechanical properties. In particular, it was shown that one of the quantities describing the structure of the rock - namely, the fracture network - grew significantly. As a consequence, vital changes could be observed in the following physical quantities characterizing the rock: primary wave velocity (vp), permeability coefficient (k), total porosity (n) and fracture porosity (η), limit of compressive strength (Rσ1) and the accompanying deformation (Rε1), Young’s modulus (E), and Poisson’s ratio (ν).
Reduction of Forces Transmitted to the Foundation by the Conveyor or Feeder Operating on the Basis of the Frahm’S Eliminator, at a Significant Loading with Feed / Redukcja Sił Przekazywanych Przez Przenośnik Lub Podajnik Wibracyjny Działający Na Zasadzie Eliminatora Frahm’A, Przy Znacznym Obciężeniu Nadawą
Authors: Czubak Piotr 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Conveyors operating on the basis of the Frahm’s eliminator were compared to the classic constructions - in this study. The influence of the feed material mass on their operations was also investigated. The obtained results indicate the possibility of utilizing this type of conveyors for transporting feed material of a considerable mass, which is needed in the mining industry. The proper tuning of the excitation frequency of conveyors or feeders operating on the basis of the Frahm’s eliminator was presented - in detail - in the paper, as well as the optimal values of the coefficient of throw were given.
The force transmitted by the conveyors and feeders of this type to the foundation is at its minimum when they are not loaded. When the load increases this force also increases. The author proved, by means of the numerical simulation, that by the proper selection of the excitation frequency, in dependence of the amount of the feed material, this force can be minimized. Thus, when the mass of the feed increases, the excitation frequency should be decreased according to the equation derived by the author in this paper.
Use of fly-ash for the production of hydraulic binding agents and for soil stabilisation / Zastosowanie Popiołów Lotnych Do Produkcji Spoiw Hydraulicznych I Wzmacniania Gruntu
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Urszula , Ćwiąkała Michał , Widuch Aleksander 
Published: February 2013

Streszczenie
Popiół lotny j est odpadem produkcyjnym, wytwarzanym w wyniku spalania węgla w kotłach energetycznych. Rocznie na świecie wytwarza się miliony ton tego odpadu, stąd niezwykle ważne jest umiejętne jego zagospodarowanie, w tym - uzyskanie materiału o wyższej jakości niż zastosowany produkt wyjściowy.
Celem pracy jest określenie przydatności przetworzonych popiołów lotnych z węgla brunatnego do wzmocnienia (stabilizacji) gruntów stosowanych w budowie nasypów drogowych oraz podbudowy dróg. Wyniki pracy są sposobem na utylizację odpadów, a jednocześnie - uzyskanie nowych materiałów i technologii w budowie obiektów liniowych. Jest to zagadnienie istotne zarówno z punktu widzenia ochrony środowiska przyrodniczego, jak i pozytywnego wpływu przetworzonych popiołów lotnych na trwałość obiektów drogowych.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań przeprowadzonych na popiołach lotnych z węgla brunatnego wytwarzanych w Elektrowni Pątnów. Popioły te zostały najpierw zmodyfikowane (aktywowane) za pomocą „aktywatora magnetycznego Wapeco”, a następnie - użyte do wytworzenia spoiw hydraulicznych (z dodatkiem cementu) oraz mieszanek gruntowo-spoiwowych. Poszczególne mieszanki sporządzono na bazie surowców mineralnych zalegających w siedmiu różnych złożach regionu lubuskiego (zachodnia Polska). Zastabilizowano je dwoma spoiwami hydraulicznymi (o wytrzymałości 3 i 9 MPa), przy zróżnicowanym dodatku spoiwa hydraulicznego (6% i 8% w stosunku do masy gruntu). Podczas badań określono przyrost wytrzymałości badanych próbek (po upływie czasu: 14,28 i 42 dni) orazprzyrostwskaźnikanośności (bezpośrednio po zagęszczeniuipo 7 dniach).
Interpretacja wyników badań pozwoliła na ocenę dynamiki wzrostu wytrzymałości na ściskanie i nośności różnych gruntów zastabilizowanych spoiwami hydraulicznymi, wytworzonymi na bazie popiołu lotnego z węgla brunatnego, oraz - wskazanie możliwości zastosowania tych materiałów.
Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, że istnieje możliwość wzmocnienia gruntów za pomocą tych spoiw, a następnie - zaliczenia gruntów uznawanych dotychczas za słabonośne (tj. piaski gliniaste, pospółki gliniaste, gliny) do materiałów w pełni przydatnych w budownictwie drogowym.
Our experience in surgical treatment of Chiari Type 1 malformations
Authors: Bălaşa Adrian , Gherasim Dorin Nicolae 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Introduction: There are four types of Chiari malformations described in the literature. Due to the fact that it is a common finding in the general population (true Chiari being present in 0,75% of the population), Chiari 1 malformation was also called Chiari anomaly.
Material and methods: In the last 5 years 17 patients with Chiari I malformation have been treated in our clinic. There were 12 women and 5 men. The mean age was 43 years (between 21 and 60 years). The symptoms were grouped in 6 syndromes: brain stem and bulbar palsy syndrome, cerebellar syndrome, central cord syndrome, paroxysmal intracranial hypertension, scoliosis, pyramidal syndrome.
Surgical treatment: According to recent literature patients respond best when operated within 2 years from the onset of symptoms. We recommend early surgery for symptomatic patients. Surgical treatment of Chiari I malformation should accomplish several golds. First of all, there is the obvious need to decompress the lower part of the cerebellum. Chiari I malformation being related to a small posterior fossa, the surgical treatment should realise enlargement of the total volume of the posterior fossa(7, 12). In the author’s opinion the key point in surgical treatment of Chiari 1 malformation should be to reestablish the CSF flow at the level of the foramen of Magendie and foramen magnum. Various approaches were used in the last five years in our clinic for the treatment of symptomatic patients: only osseous decompression in 2 patients; osseus decompression with dural grafting and intradural dissection of adhesions in 4 patients; osseous decompression with dural grafting, intradural dissection, and tonsillar coagulation in 11 patients
Results: The long-term (6 months postoperative) surgery-related result was considered excellent if symptoms resolved (7 patients). The result was considered good if the patient experienced significant improvement but also residual symptoms (8 patients). A poor result indicated no change in symptoms (2 patients). As for the surgical technique used, the vast majority of patients with good or excellent outcome at 6 months underwent osseous decompression with dural grafting, intradural dissection, and tonsillar coagulation
Conclusions: Regarding Chiari I malformations, the author considers that a proper patient selection is critical to prevent unnecessary procedures and maximize the outcome. In light of this study results and recent literature, the author considers that the surgical gold standard consists in three key steps: posterior fossa craniectomy followed by durotomy and subarachnoid decompression of CSF flow and last duroplasty.
Ontology merging in the context of concept maps
Authors: Graudina Vita , Grundspenkis Janis , Milasevica Sigita 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
- This paper proposes the approach to a concept map merging using methods and tools developed for the same task in the domain of ontologies. The developed method is based on ideas that concept maps and ontologies have structural similarities, and mutual transformations between them are possible therefore tools and methods suitable for ontologies can be applied to concept maps. Concept map merging is necessary to extend the functionality of intelligent concept map-based knowledge assessment system IKAS for reuse of captured concept maps.
Usage of graph patterns for concept map extension
Authors: Strautmane Maija 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In concept map-based assessment an expert’s concept map can be expanded using graph patterns to add hidden and inverse relations. This helps to avoid forcing a learner to use certain structures and names. Graph patterns are subgraphs that describe combinations of concept map elements, from which extra relations can be inferred. In this paper an enriched set of graph patterns is described along with their respective IF...THEN rules which can be used for automated knowledge assessment. Some of them are already implemented in the intelligent and adaptive knowledge assessment system IKAS.
Les dispositions françaises en faveur du jeu vidéo
Authors: Bourgoin Valérie 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Dans le domaine du jeu vidéo, l’action du CNC vise à soutenir la diversité de la création, en accordant des aides à la conception ou à la production via des aides sélectives et un dispositif de défiscalisation : le crédit d’impôt, complétés par un soutien à la recherche et au développement, enjeu particulièrement important pour le secteur. Il s’agit d’encourager les entreprises à développer des créations originales qui trouveront leur place sur un marché en pleine mutation.
The Global Prevalence of Seborrheic Dermatitis
Authors: Polaskey Meredith Tyree , Chang Christy H. , Daftary Karishma , Fakhraie Sheiva , Miller Corinne H. , Chovatiya Raj 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceSeborrheic dermatitis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease, yet its global prevalence, pathogenesis, and epidemiology remain inadequately defined.ObjectiveTo provide a detailed estimation of the global prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis, analyze demographic variations, and explore differences in various settings.Data SourcesEmbase, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from inception through October 2023.Study SelectionOriginal investigations on seborrheic dermatitis prevalence were included after duplicate screening of titles, abstracts, and full articles, including only studies with clinician-diagnosed cases.Data Extraction and SynthesisFollowing PRISMA guidelines, data were extracted and quality was assessed independently by multiple reviewers. A random-effects model using restricted maximum likelihood was used for meta-analysis and subgroup analyses.Main Outcome and MeasureThe primary outcome was the pooled estimate of global seborrheic dermatitis prevalence.ResultsFrom 1574 identified articles, 121 studies were included, encompassing 1 260 163 individuals and revealing a pooled global seborrheic dermatitis prevalence of 4.38% (95% CI, 3.58%-5.17%), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 99.94%). Subgroup analyses showed variations by age, with a higher prevalence in adults (5.64% [95% CI, 4.01%-7.27%]) compared to children (3.70% [95% CI, 2.69%-4.80%]) and neonates (0.23% [95% CI, 0.04%-0.43%]). Geographic analyses indicated variability, with the highest prevalence in South Africa (8.82% [95% CI, 3.00%-14.64%]) and the lowest in India (2.62% [95% CI, 1.33%-3.92%]).Conclusions and RelevanceThis comprehensive meta-analysis provides a detailed estimation of the global prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis, highlighting significant variability across different demographics and settings.
Experimental study of occupants' situational awareness during a fire by sounding of wireless, interconnected alarm smoke detectors at a small‐scale hostel that was originally a single‐family house
Authors: Minegishi Yoshikazu , Takahashi Wataru , Ikehata Yuka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increasing demand for small‐scale hostels, such as vacation rentals, known as “minpaku” in Japanese, which were originally single‐family houses. To convert these buildings for use as accommodation facilities, improvements must be made to fire evacuation safety measures. An effective and reasonable measure for this improvement is the installation of wireless, interconnected alarm smoke detectors. We conducted experiments to examine how sleeping guests recognize these alarms when they are activated. Eleven participants experienced the alarm sounding while sleeping at night and while awake during the daytime at a wooden cottage. They were exposed to three different sounding patterns. In the sleeping experiment, 9 of 11 participants were woken up by alarms sounding in other rooms, while the remaining two were woken up by alarms in their own rooms. However, those two participants had difficulty understanding the meaning of the voice alarm clearly. The voice stated, “Other detector was activated,” indicating a fire in another room and urging evacuation, even though there was no smoke in their room. Comprehension of the alarm system is essential for guests to understand its intentions accurately and make proper decisions regarding evacuation.
Understanding the moral cognition of aggression: Longitudinal serial effects of personal relative deprivation and hostility on within‐person changes in civic moral disengagement
Authors: Li Xiong , Li Zuo‐Shan , Xia Ling‐Xiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMoral disengagement is an important aggressive and moral cognition. The mechanisms of changes in moral disengagement remain unclear, especially at the within‐person level. We attempted to clarify this by exploring the serial effects of personal relative deprivation and hostility on civic moral disengagement. We conducted a three‐wave longitudinal survey with 1058 undergraduates (63.61% women; mean age = 20.97). The results of the random intercept cross‐lagged panel model showed that personal relative deprivation at Wave 1 and hostility at Wave 2 formed a serial effect on the within‐person changes in civic moral disengagement at Wave 3, and the longitudinal indirect effect test showed that the within‐person dynamics in hostility at Wave 2 acted as a mediator. The results of multiple group analysis across genders further showed that the longitudinal indirect role of hostility at Wave 2 was only observed for men, but not for women, which indicates the moderating effect of gender. These findings facilitate an understanding of the mechanisms of aggressive cognitions at the within‐person level and offer implications for the prevention and intervention of aggression from the perspective of moral cognition.
High‐Performance Self‐Driven Polarization‐Sensitive Imaging Photodetectors based on Fully Depleted T‐MoSe2/GeSe/B‐MoSe2 Van der Waals Dual‐Heterojunction
Authors: An Kang , Pan Yuan , Rong Ximing , Zheng Tao , Li Ling , Sun Huiru , Zeng Jiang , Sang Yuheng , Huang Feiyong , Yue Dewu , Yoo Won Jong , Chen Hongyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNew 2D materials with low‐symmetry structures aroused great interest in developing monolithic polarization‐sensitive photodetectors with small volumes, which can provide a new degree of freedom for more information in night, fog, and smoke environments. However, at least half of them presented a small anisotropy with an anisotropic factor (≈2) of photocurrent up to now. Herein, after systematic investigation of the optical anisotropies of GeSe nanosheets, a novel self‐driven polarization‐sensitive imaging photodetector with excellent performance based on a Top‐MoSe2/GeSe/Bottom‐MoSe2 (T‐MoSe2/GeSe/B‐MoSe2) van der Waals dual‐heterojunction is proposed. Benefitting from the effective separation and shortening transmission distance of photocarriers by fully depleted Van der Waals dual‐heterojunction on both sides of in‐plane anisotropy of GeSe, the anisotropic photocurrent ratio (Imax/Imin) of T‐MoSe2/GeSe/B‐MoSe2 photodetector can reach as high as 12.5 (635 nm, 0 V). This value is 3.5‐fold higher than that of MoSe2/GeSe photodetector, and 7‐fold higher than that of the pristine GeSe photodetector in this work. The responsivity of the T‐MoSe2/GeSe/B‐MoSe2 photodetector (206 mA W−1, 0 V) is 5 times higher than that of the MoSe2/GeSe photodetector. In addition, the T‐MoSe2/GeSe/B‐MoSe2 photodetector exhibited a high light on/off ratio of 4 × 104 at 0 V. This work provides novel insights for developing high‐performance polarization‐sensitive imaging photodetectors.
Performance and Relative Humidity Impact of Cellulose‐Derivative Networks in All‐Day Passive Radiative Cooling
Authors: Manzano Cristina V. , Díaz‐Lobo Alba , Gil‐García Marta , Rodríguez de la Fuente Óscar , Morales‐Sabio Ángel , Martin‐Gonzalez Marisol 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAll‐day passive daytime radiative coolers (PDRC) offer a promising solution for energy‐free cooling of buildings and devices. This study investigates the use of various cellulose‐derivative networks to achieve optimal and stable cooling performance. These results showed that the mixed cellulose ester network has a maximum solar reflectance of 97%. While cellulose acetate network has a maximum infrared emissivity of 96% in the atmospheric transparency window band, which is a near‐perfect infrared emitter, the nitrocellulose network shows the highest cooling temperature, with a significant reduction of 14 °C from the ambient temperature and a power of 124 W·m−2 during the daytime and at night of 7.7 °C and 72.8 W·m−2. This study also analyzes the dampness's effect on the cooling performance of cellulose‐derivative networks. The cooling performance of the nitrocellulose network drops ≈ 3 °C (from 14 to 11.3 °C) when the relative humidity of the day exceeds ≈ 30% is observed. These findings indicate that the capacity of a material to absorb water from the surrounding air significantly influences its performance as a passive cooler, primarily due to changes in its optical properties. This is an important insight, as it highlights the need to consider environmental factors like relative humidity and sample hydrophobicity for PDRC systems.
In Situ Growth of Lead‐Free Double Perovskite Micron Sheets in Polymethyl Methacrylate for X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Shi Jindou , Wang Zeyu , Xu Luxia , Wang Junnan , Da Zheyuan , Zhang Chen , Ji Yongqiang , Yao Qing , Xu Youlong , Gaponenko Nikolai V. , Tian Jinshou , Wang Minqiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPb‐free double‐perovskite (DP) scintillators are highly promising candidates for X‐ray imaging because of their superior optoelectronic properties, low toxicity, and high stability. However, practical applications require Pb‐free DP crystals to be ground and mixed with polymers to produce scintillator films. Grinding can compromise film uniformity and optical properties, thereby affecting imaging resolution. In this study, an in situ fabrication strategy is proposed to facilitate the crystalline growth of Pb‐free Cs2AgInxBi1‐xCl6 micron sheets in polymethyl methacrylate in a single step. By adjusting the In3+/Bi3+ ratio, Cs2AgIn0.9Bi0.1Cl6/PMMA composite films (CFs) with excellent scintillation properties are obtained, including a light yield of up to 32000 photons per MeV and an X‐ray detection limit of 87 nGyairs−1. This strategy also enabled the production of large Cs2AgIn0.9Bi0.1Cl6/PMMA CFs, which demonstrated favorable flexibility and stability, fabricating products with advanced eligibility for commercial applications. The CFs exhibited outstanding performances in X‐ray imaging, producing high‐resolution structures and providing a new avenue for the development of Pb‐free DP materials in fields such as medical imaging and safety detection.
2D Janus TeMoZAZ’ (A = Si,Ge; Z,Z’ = N, P, As; Z ≠ Z'): First‐Principles Insight into the Electronics, and Piezoelectric Properties
Authors: Gao Zhen , Wu Hongbo , He Yao , Xiong Kai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractJanus materials possess a diverse array of properties resulting from the breaking of mirror and inversion symmetries, holding significant potential for nanodevices. This study explores the novel TeMoZAZ' (A = Si,Ge; Z,Z' = N, P, As; Z ≠ Z') monolayers derived from the MoA2Z4 monolayer. Utilizing first‐principles calculations, the stability, electronic, transport, mechanical, and piezoelectric properties of the TeMoZAZ' monolayers are investigated. Among the 12 investigated structures, only five‐ TeMoNSiP, TeMoNSiAs, TeMoPSiAs, TeMoAsSiP and TeMoAsGeP monolayers‐ are found to be stable. The electronic properties analysis reveals metallic behavior in the TeMoNSiAs monolayer, while the remaining structures exhibit indirect or direct band gap semiconductor properties. Futher examination of the semiconducting monolayers indentifies the TeMoAsSiP monolayer with notably high hole carrier mobility along the y‐direction, reaching up to 3622.33 cm2 s−1 V−1. Moreover, investigation into the piezoelectric properties of these four semiconductor structures suggests their suitability for diverse applications in piezoelectric devices. Additionally, the effects of biaxial strain on the electronic and piezoelectric properties of these four semiconductor structures are explored. These findings propose a novel approach for designing 2D Janus materials, expanding the repertoire of 2D MA2Z4‐based Janus family and offering promising candidates for optoelectronic devices, wearable devices, and electromechanical systems.