bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin B12 - is it worth supplementing?
Authors: Wojaczek Marta , Polańska Katarzyna , Kahan Weronika , Szafrańska Weronika , Poborowska Dominika , Bąk Emilia , Fordymacki Jacek , Najjar Oliwia , Gańko Tomasz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Cobalamin is a vitamin that plays an important role in many processes occurring in our body. It affects, among others, the functioning of the hematopoietic, nervous, and digestive systems and the functioning of the psyche. Its deficiency can be encountered in everyday clinical practice. Many scientific studies have been conducted on it, focusing on the causes and effects of its deficiency.

Purpose

This work aims to identify groups of patients whose risk of vitamin B12 deficiency is higher than in the general population. This will help draw attention to these selected groups of patients, so that in clinical practice, vitamin B12 supplementation may be considered before symptoms of its deficiency occur.
Brief description of the state of knowledge
The most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency is Addison-Biermer's disease caused by the presence of autoantibodies against Castle's intrinsic factor. However, there are more factors that indirectly affect the level of cobalamin in the body.
Material and methods
In this work, we analyzed the following conditions and diseases that are correlated with vitamin B12 deficiency: medications taken, gastrointestinal diseases, conditions after bariatric surgery, pregnancy, vegan diet, old age, and alcohol.
Discussion:
After analyzing selected issues, we conclude that the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency varies, in some cases, it is correlated with advanced disease, and in others, it is independent of it. Additionally, it should be taken into account that although the pathomechanism leading to vitamin B12 deficiency is known in the above-mentioned conditions, the real risk of its deficiency may be so low that its clinical significance will be low.
Diagnosis and treatment of subacute thyroiditis - a review of the literature
Authors: Cąkała Marlena , Kozioł Magdalena , Podgórniak Kamila , Zajkowska Aleksandra , Skotnicka Joanna , Witkowska Maria , Szymchel Michał , Grzegorzak Filip 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an inflammatory condition of the thyroid with characteristic presentations and clinical courses. The pathogenesis and determinants of the clinical course were unclear for many decades. The last few years have brought many clinically significant new data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of subacute thyroiditis. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, laboratory tests (ESR, TSH, antithyroid antibodies), imaging tests (thyroid ultrasound, thyroid scintigraphy) and cytological tests. Taking into account all the new aspects of subacute thyroiditis pathogenesis and of its clinical course, the new - modified - criteria of subacute thyroiditis diagnosis have been proposed.
Aim of the study:
In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding subacute thyroiditis, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and the existing treatment options.
Brief description of the state of knowledge:
Many cases of subacute thyroiditis follow an upper respiratory viral illness, which is thought to trigger an inflammatory destruction of thyroid follicles. In most cases, the thyroid gland spontaneously resumes normal thyroid hormone production after several months. The most characteristic laboratory finding is a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). C-reactive protein and white blood count (WBC) are also elevated in many cases. Anti-thyroid antibodies are believed to be usually normal. The ultrasound (US) pattern of subacute thyroiditis includes hypoechoic and heterogeneous areas with blurred margins, poorly vascularized on color Doppler. Treatment with high-dose acetylsalicylic acid or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is directed toward relief of thyroid pain. It has been noticed that patients with a diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis visit more other clinics and receive antibiotics unnecessarily.
Kenyan English idiomatic expressions: They may sound frequent but that’s not what corpus data show
Authors: Otiso Zipporah 
Published: August 2024

Keen observers of Kenyan English usage will agree that idiomatic expressions such as put into consideration, rather than take into consideration, are certainly common in daily usage. The author of this paper set out to establish if that was indeed the case by having a sample of 122 respondents, all fourth-year university students, to choose between put and take. 77% of them chose put, which suggests that the expression put into consideration is indeed quite familiar to Kenyan English speakers. It was tested alongside another 19 idiomatic expressions. 17 out of the 20 were found to be familiar, though to varying degrees. But this familiarity was not reflected in corpus data from the International Corpus of English and the Corpus of Global Web-based English, where they were found to be rare. The same corpus data showed that this familiarity of the 20 expressions to Kenyan English speakers did not mean that they used them more frequently than their Standard International English counterparts. For example, the data showed that the “less familiar” take into consideration had more tokens in the Kenyan English components of the two corpora than the “more familiar” put into consideration. Nevertheless, the paper concludes that so-called Kenyan English idioms can still be claimed to be typical of Kenyan English, since they are practically absent from e. g. British English, its colonial ancestor.
Automated, Near Real-Time Ground-Motion Processing at the U.S. Geological Survey
Authors: Thompson Eric M. , Hearne Mike , Aagaard Brad T. , Rekoske John M. , Worden C. Bruce , Moschetti Morgan P. , Hunsinger Heather E. , Ferragut Gabriel C. , Parker Grace A. , Smith James A. , Smith Kyle K. , Kottke Albert R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We describe automated ground-motion processing software named gmprocess that has been developed at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in support of near-real-time earthquake hazard products. Because of the open-source development process, this software has benefitted from the involvement and contributions of a broad community and has been used for a wider range of applications than was initially envisioned. Here, we give an overview and introduction to the software, including how it has leveraged other open-source libraries. We highlight some key features that gmprocess provides, compare response spectra calculated with the automated processing approach of gmprocess to the response spectra provided by the Next Generation Attenuation projects, and summarize projects that have utilized gmprocess. These use-cases demonstrate that this software development effort has been successfully leveraged in earthquake research activities both within and outside the USGS.
Personal Branding of Da'wah Ustadz Luqmanul Hakim on Instagram @luqmanulhakimpontianak Account
Authors: Dzulfikar Zulfan , Setiawan Veri 
Published: August 2024

Personal branding is a process by which humans are seen and valued as a brand Personal branding is the process by which individuals are perceived and evaluated as a brand by their target market. It is also the art of attracting more clients by actively shaping public perception. One way to build public perception is through da’wah. In establishing personal branding for da’wah, one effective method is utilizing social media, particularly Instagram. The purpose of this research is to understand the personal branding of Ustadz Luqmanul Hakim. The author used a descriptive qualitative research method, where data was collected in the form of images or words. This research applies the theory proposed by Peter Montoya, which states that personal branding is considered successful if it fulfills eight concepts: Specialization, Leadership, Personality, Distinctiveness, Visibility, Unity, Persistence, and Good Reputation. The results of this study indicate that all eight concepts of personal branding described in Peter Montoya's theory are present and observable in each of Ustadz Luqmanul Hakim's Instagram posts. The application of personal branding concepts on Instagram has allowed Ustadz Luqmanul Hakim to specialize in his da’wah theme, which is charity. In terms of leadership, he successfully encourages the public to honor orphans. His personality is good, dignified, and humble. His distinctiveness lies in his language and attire. He promotes his preaching consistently on Instagram to ensure visibility. Unity is reflected in how he practices what he preaches in his daily life. He demonstrates persistence by continuing his preaching efforts even in remote areas. By doing all of this, Ustadz Luqmanul Hakim has earned a good reputation in the eyes of the public.

Keywords: Personal branding, Ustadz Luqmanul Hakim, Da'wah and Instagram.
The Effectiveness of Using Instagram as Information Media at Modern Islamic Boarding School Darussalam Gontor
Authors: Wafiq Pradana Alfiananadra , Luthfi Mohammad 
Published: August 2024

The existence of public relations of pesantren has an important role in maintaining and increasing public trust through various communication activities. Instagram is a digital platform that is widely used by pesantren to disseminate information and as a medium of communication with their public. This research measures the effectiveness of Instagram as an information medium for Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor through a quantitative approach with a descriptive survey method referring to the 4C theory with 4 measurement indicators, namely context, communication, collaboration connection. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to 400 samples as respondents from 156,631 followers @pondok.modern.gontor as the research population. Data analysis uses the frequency distribution formula and Likert Summated Rating. The results of the research show that the use of Instagram as an information medium for Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor is considered very effective as indicated by a score of 20,312 in the range >Q3 to A. Theoretically, this research provides implications in the development of the 4C theory, and also contributes practically to the use of Instagram as a organizational information media, especially for pesantren.
Keywords : Instagram, Information Media, Pesantren
Development and Validation of a Radiopathomics Model Based on CT Scans and Whole Slide Images (WSI) for Discriminating Between Stage I-II and Stage III Gastric Cancer
Authors: Tan Yang , Feng Li-juan , Huang Ying-he , Xue Jia-wen , Long Li-ling , Feng Zhen-Bo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence radiopathological model using preoperative CT scans and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained slides to predict the pathological staging of gastric cancer (stage I-II and stage III).
Methods
This study included a total of 202 gastric cancer patients with confirmed pathological staging (training cohort: n = 141; test cohort: n = 61). Pathological histological features were extracted from HE slides, and pathological models were constructed using logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and NaiveBayes. The optimal pathological model was selected through ROC curve analysis. Machine algorithms were employed to construct radiomic models and radiopathological models using the optimal pathological model. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curve analysis, and clinical utility was estimated using decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
A total of 311 pathological histological features were extracted from the HE images, including 101 Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) features and 210 deep learning features. A pathological model was constructed using 19 selected pathological features through dimension reduction, with the SVM model demonstrating superior predictive performance (AUC, training cohort: 0.949; test cohort: 0.777). Radiomic features were constructed using 6 selected features from 1834 radiomic features extracted from CT scans via SVM machine algorithm. Simultaneously, a radiopathomics model was built using 17 non-zero coefficient features obtained through dimension reduction from a total of 2145 features (combining both radiomics and pathomics features). The best discriminative ability was observed in the radiopathomics model (AUC, training cohort: 0.953; test cohort: 0.851), and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated excellent clinical utility.
Conclusion
The radiopathomics model, combining pathological and radiomic features, exhibited superior performance in distinguishing between stage I-II and stage III gastric cancer. This study is based on the prediction of pathological staging using pathological tissue slides from surgical specimens after gastric cancer curative surgery and preoperative CT images, highlighting the feasibility of conducting research on pathological staging using pathological slides and CT images. It opens the possibility for preoperative biopsy pathology slides and CT images to be used for pathological staging assessments before curative surgery for gastric cancer in the future.
Facet joint fusion by thermal ablation for single-level lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Lei Puzhou , Wang Xinyue , Huang Shuai , Wang Linghanqing , Chen Sida , Zhang Siyu , Li Cheng , Li Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Previous studies demonstrated the presence of bridging bone across the facet joints in postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of patients who underwent unsuccessful posterior lumbar fusion (PLF) and interbody fusion (IBF) procedures. Recent research shows that facet joint fusion achieved through bone grafting with pedicle screw instrumentation leads to satisfactory clinical outcomes and fusion rates. Building upon these findings, there is a hypothesis that facet joint fusion achieved solely through thermal ablation, without the need for bone grafting, may yield credible fusion rates and clinical outcomes. A retrospective review was conducted on 136 patients who underwent lumbar fusion utilizing thermal ablation of the facet joint. CT and clinical outcomes, including Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), were evaluated both preoperatively and at the 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up intervals. At the final assessment, 90.4% of patients achieved excellent or good results, and no technique-related complications were observed in any of the patients. We believe that the compelling clinical outcomes and fusion rates achieved through thermal ablation of the facet joint highlight its potential as a highly feasible alternative method for treating single-level lumbar spinal stenosis, which potentially replaces traditional interbody fusion (IBF) techniques.
The Second-Round Evaluation of Financial Incentives on Malaria Prevalence in the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya: Updated Study Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Matsumoto Tomoya , Nagashima Masaru , Kagaya Wataru , Okomo Gordon , Kongere James , Oginga Jared , Opiyo Victor , Gitaka Jesse , Kaneko Akira 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Despite significant progress in global malaria reduction since 2000, driven primarily by supply-side interventions including improvements in bed nets and medication availability, recent years have seen a stagnation in this decline. In certain regions, cases have even increased (1). This trend is particularly concerning in high-burden areas such as Suba South Sub-county in Homa Bay County, Kenya, where malaria remains a persistent public health challenge. However, demand-side barriers—such as lack of knowledge of the disease and perceived costs of prevention and treatment among residents—have been relatively overlooked in control efforts. To address this gap, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial (cRCT) to investigate the impact of an educational intervention and financial incentives on malaria-related behaviors (2). This second-round cRCT aims to build upon the first-round findings, with modifications to the experimental design and educational content to further explore the potential of demand-side interventions and inform future malaria control strategies.
Methods: This second-round cRCT will re-randomize the original 92 clusters to either conditional cash transfer (CCT), lottery incentive scheme (LIS), or control arms. Each intervention arm will includeupdated malaria education and financial incentives linked to negative malaria test results, with reward amounts adjusted to reflect local inflation. We will re-assess malaria prevalence using RDT, microscopy, and PCR at three and six months post-intervention. The primary outcomes are changes in malaria prevalence, LLIN usage, and knowledge/perception of malaria. The analysis will combine data from both the first and second rounds to improve statistical power and provide a more comprehensive assessment of the intervention's impact.
Discussion: This study addresses the limitations of the first-round trial by increasing statistical power and refining the educational component. By evaluating the effectiveness of demand-side interventions, we aim to inform policy and program design for malaria control in high-burden settings. The resulting evidence on the role of demand-side factors will complement traditional supply-side approaches, ultimately refining future malaria control policies and programs. This research, thereby, has the potential to contribute to the development of sustainable, community-based strategies for malaria elimination.
Trial registration: UMIN000053284, registered on 6th January 2024.
Whole stomach versus narrow gastric tube reconstruction after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer (ATHLETE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kitadani Junya , Hayata Keiji , Goda Taro , Tominaga Shinta , Fukuda Naoki , Nakai Tomoki , Nagano Shotaro , Ojima Toshiyasu , Shimokawa Toshio , Kawai Manabu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
There are two types of methods of creating a gastric conduit after esophagectomy for patients with esophageal cancer: narrow gastric tube reconstruction or whole stomach reconstruction. Whole stomach reconstruction with good blood perfusion was reported in a prospective cohort study to be safe and that it has the possibility to prevent anastomotic leakage (AL). We therefore planned a randomized controlled phase III study to investigate the superiority of whole stomach reconstruction over narrow gastric tube reconstruction after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.
Methods
This is a single center, two-arm, open-label, randomized phase III trial. We calculated that 65 patients in each arm of this study and total study population of 130 patients are required according to our historical data on narrow gastric tube reconstruction and prospective data on whole stomach reconstruction. In the narrow gastric tube group, a 3.5-cm-wide gastric tube is made along the greater curvature of the stomach using linear staplers. Otherwise, in the whole stomach group, after the lymphadenectomy of the lesser curvature and No.2, the stomach is cut just below the esophagogastric junction using a linear stapler. The primary endpoint of this study is the incidence of AL. Secondary endpoints are the occurrence rate of anastomotic stenosis, the occurrence rate of pneumonia, the occurrence rate of all postoperative complications, the occurrence rate of reflux esophagitis, quality of life evaluation by EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC OES-18, nutritional evaluation, the amount of blood loss, postoperative hospital stays and blood flow evaluation. Complications are evaluated using the Clavien-Dindo classification (Version 2.0), and those of Grade II or higher are considered to be postoperative complications.
Discussion
If the optimal method for creating a gastric conduit after esophagectomy is clarified, it may be possible to contribute to improving short-term and long-term surgical outcomes for patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer.
Trial registration:
The protocol of ATHLETE trial was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000050677 (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm). Date of Registration: March 26, 2023. Date of First Participant Enrollment: March 27, 2023.
Designing a Patient Preference Study on Subcutaneous Medical Devices: Incorporating Health Authority Scientific Advice and Patient Perspectives
Authors: Jones Byron , Cook Nigel , Picci Marie , Zhou Mo , Berlin Conny , Christine Sturchler , Martinez Clemence , Baena Irene Garcia , Ziegler Lauren , Gaunt Harriet , Mason Brad , Hamerlijnck Dominique , Majima Yoshiyama 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper describes the planning of a patient preference study for evaluating device features and administrative solutions for the subcutaneous (SC) delivery of high doses / large volumes (e.g., >2mL) of drugs. A mixed-methods approach was used including qualitative research studies, the involvement of patient partners, and solicitation of advice from the FDA. This resulted in the development of a preference study protocol to investigate what Multiple Sclerosis patients consider important regarding medical device features for high dose SC administration, including refinement of the attributes and levels which will be central to the planned quantitative online patient preference study.