bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“The Early Years are Like a Foundation for the Future” Perspectives, Facilitators, and Challenges of Anganwadi Workers in Supporting Early Child Development Interventions in Hyderabad, India: Qualitative Findings from a Scalable Program Incorporating Early Child Development Interventions
Authors: Lall Gitanjali , Roy Reetabrata , Chandrika Kunduru Sharath , Divan Gauri 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme, a large public health program, addresses the needs of young children with Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) as frontline agents of delivery. A scalable program incorporating early child development interventions (ASPIRE) has been developed to complement the program and address some of its gaps.

Objectives:
This paper describes formative work done with AWWs, as part of ASPIRE to assess their understanding of early childhood development (ECD) and acceptability of a novel ECD intervention using digital technology.

Materials and Methods:
Six focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 31 AWWs, using a semi-structured guide.

Results:
Framework analysis of their responses from FGDs led to the identification of three themes: (1) time use, (2) understanding of ECD, and (3) delivering messages using videos. The findings suggest that AWWs tight schedules often leave them feeling overburdened with work. They are aware of factors that can aid as well as hinder child growth and development, but their understanding of play is limited to games played by older children. They expressed acceptability in using a video intervention, specifying features that would increase relevance for families.

Conclusion:
Integration of novel ECD interventions delivered by frontline workers needs to take into account their existing work schedules and associated challenges. Training on ECD interventions will need to broaden AWWs understanding of the critical foundational experiences which responsive caregiving and early child stimulation can provide.
Kepala Adat Sebagai Elite Sosial Dan Politik: Manifestasi Hegemoni Nilai Adat Dalam Praktik Kepemimpinan Tradisional
Authors: Fadrullah Iqbal , Syam Firdaus 
Published: July 2024

This writing examines the role and influence of the traditional leader in the Kasepuhan Cisungsang community, South Banten. Culture and customary values play a central role in regulating the life of this community. The traditional leader holds high authority and is respected in guiding them. The theories of elite and hegemony are employed to analyze this phenomenon. This study is qualitative in nature and its results indicate that the traditional leader possesses traditional authority, serves as a moral and spiritual leader, and influences social, cultural, and political decisions. The theory of elite depicts the traditional leader as part of the social elite that controls the indigenous society. The theory of hegemony illustrates how the traditional leader utilizes customary values to influence the community and maintain power. In the realm of politics, the traditional leader affects public election preferences. The role of the traditional leader as an elite is also reflected in their influence over community election preferences. The traditional leader shapes the views and actions of the community, especially during elections. This phenomenon emphasizes that the traditional leader is not only a customary leader but also has significant local political impact. The traditional leader leverages the hegemony of customary values to articulate leadership and influence the community, while the community adheres to customary values and the leadership of the traditional leader, creating a mutually beneficial relationship.

Abstrak
Tulisan ini mengkaji peranan dan pengaruh kepala adat di masyarakat Kasepuhan Cisungsang, Banten Kidul. Budaya dan nilai adat memainkan peran sentral dalam mengatur kehidupan komunitas ini. Kepala adat memegang wewenang yang tinggi dan dihormati dalam membimbing mereka. Pendekatan teori elit dan hegemoni digunakan untuk menganalisis fenomena ini. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kepala adat memiliki otoritas tradisional, berperan sebagai pemimpin moral dan spiritual, serta mempengaruhi keputusan sosial, budaya, dan politik. Teori elit menggambarkan kepala adat sebagai bagian dari elit sosial yang mengontrol masyarakat adat. Teori hegemoni menggambarkan cara kepala adat memanfaatkan nilai adat untuk memengaruhi masyarakat dan mempertahankan kekuasaan. Dalam ranah politik, kepala adat berpengaruh pada preferensi pemilihan umum. Peran kepala adat sebagai elit juga tercermin dalam pengaruhnya terhadap preferensi pemilihan masyarakat. Kepala adat membentuk pandangan dan tindakan masyarakat, terutama dalam pemilihan umum. Fenomena ini menegaskan bahwa kepala adat tak hanya pemimpin adat, tetapi juga mempunyai dampak politik lokal yang besar. Kepala adat memanfaatkan hegemoni nilai adat untuk mengartikulasikan kepemimpinan dan memengaruhi masyarakat, sementara masyarakat patuh pada nilai adat dan kepemimpinan kepala adat, menciptakan hubungan saling menguntungkan.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF BERBASIS KONSTRUKTIVISME UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PKN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Dulyapit Apit , Khotimah Sita Husnul , Nanda Tiara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article aims to determine the learning outcomes of class II students at SD IX Pengasinan, Bekasi City, in civic education on mutual cooperation. The study employs a constructivism-based cooperative learning approach to evaluate its effectiveness in enhancing student knowledge. Conducted as classroom action research (PTK) with 26 students, the methodology includes planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The results indicate a significant improvement in student scores, classified as "Very Good," across each cycle. It concludes that this learning model effectively enhances student outcomes and provides valuable insights for teachers to foster independent learning. The implication is that adopting this approach can significantly boost student engagement and academic performance. AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa kelas II SD IX Pengasinan Kota Bekasi pada mata pelajaran PKn materi gotong royong. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pembelajaran kooperatif berbasis konstruktivisme untuk mengevaluasi efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebagai penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan melibatkan 26 siswa, melalui tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan nilai siswa yang signifikan, berada pada kategori "Sangat Baik" di setiap siklus. Disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran ini efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan memberikan wawasan berharga bagi guru untuk mendukung pembelajaran mandiri. Implikasinya, penerapan pendekatan ini dapat secara signifikan meningkatkan keterlibatan dan prestasi akademik siswa.
PENGARUH SUPPORT EDUCATIVE TERHADAP PERILAKU MANAJEMEN PERAWATAN DIRI PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI
Authors: Puspita Tiara Ika , Ulkhasanah Muzaroah Ernawati , Prakoso Adi Buyu 
Published: July 2024

Hipertensi menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan yang cukup berbahaya di seluruh dunia karena merupakan faktor risiko utama yang mengarah pada penyakit kardiovaskuler dan menjadi dua penyebab kematian utama di dunia. Prevalensi hipertensi di Jawa Tengah sebesar 37,57% pada tahun 2018 tercatat sebanyak 9.099.765 dari hasil pengukuran tekanan darah, sebanyak 1.377.356 orang dinyatakan menderita hipertensi. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, presentasi hipertensi pada perempuan sebanyak 15.845 dan lebih tinggi dibanding pada laki-laki yaitu 14.155. Hipertensi dapat dikontrol melalui beberapa cara salah satunya dengan support educative. Support educative diperlukan agar penderita hipertensi termotivasi untuk mencapai derajat kesehatan yang lebih baik melalui keyakinannya pada manajemen perawatan diri. Melalui perilaku manajemen perawatan diri secara efektif dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri dan kemandirian untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pada penderita hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh support educative terhadap perilaku manajemen perawatan diri pada penderita hipertensi. Kemampuan manajemen perawataan diri bertujuan dalam melakukan pencegahan, mengurangi resiko akibat dari penyakit yang dideritanya. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis kuantitatif dengan desain true eksperiment. Jumlah responden yaitu 59 orang yang di pilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan kuisioner Hypertension Self Management Behavior Questionnaire (HSMBQ). Hasil analisis data pre test responden dengan kategori kurang paling banyak 32 (64.2 %) dan Hasil analisis data post test responden paling banyak dengan kategori baik paling banyak 54 (91.5%). Hasil uji Wilcoxon nilai p-value 0.000. Diketahui dari nilai rata-rata post test lebih tinggi dari nilai pre test dengan hasil 54 (91.5%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh support educative terhadap perilaku manajemen perawatan diri pada penderita hipertensi di Desa Jati.
A Case of Nonsyndromic Aplasia Cutis Congenita (Epitheliogenesis Imperfecta) in a Large White Yorkshire Piglet
Authors: Radhakrishnan Raghy , Sundaram S Meenakshi , Gnanaraj P Tensing , Manobhavan M 
Published: July 2024

Nonsyndromic Aplasia Cutis Congenita (Epitheliogenesis Imperfecta) are congenital, circumscribed hypoplastic defects of multiple or deeper skin layers in swine. Although swine have been reported to have epitheliogenesis imperfecta, little is known about this condition in the literature. A new born Large White Yorkshire female piglet was presented with glistening red, well-demarcated discontinuities in the skin on the frontal skull with no apparent bleeding which was managed by conservative treatment.
Fatty Acid Profile of Milk of Various Indigenous Cattle Breeds in Hot-Arid Region of Rajasthan
Authors: Singh Navav , Sharma Sanjita , Gupta Sita Ram , Dhakad Govind Singh , Rao Santosh Kumar 
Published: July 2024

The bioactive components refer to compounds either naturally existing in food or introduced during food processing that may have physiological and biochemical functions when consumed by humans and have crucial impacts on human metabolism and beneficial effects on human health, that guard neonates and adults against pathogens and illnesses and Antioxidants may positively affect human health by protecting the body against damage caused by reactive oxygen species, which attack membrane lipids, protein and DNA. Bioactive components encompass proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, glycolipids and other minor biomolecules i.e. vitamins, lactoferrin, enzymes, immunoglobulin and growth factors. The present study was conducted on fatty acids in milk of various indigenous cattle breeds viz. Kankrej, Sahiwal and Rathi. For fatty acids, 36 milk samples (12 from each breed) were collected from different Livestock Research Station, Bikaner. Fatty acids were measured by GC-MS. The analysis of variance revealed monounsaturated fatty acids and Poly unsaturated fatty acids significantly differed in different indigenous cattle breeds whereas saturated fatty acids did not differ. The present study concluded that the milk from the indigenous cattle breeds viz. Kankrej, Sahiwal, and Rathi have distinct compositions and quantities of different active components which can be harnessed for the promotion of different functional foods based on indigenous cattle milk and further pharmaceutical preparations can be promoted for the benefit of farmers and entrepreneurs.
Suicídio e masculinidades: análise de notícias de suicídio entre homens em Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Medeiros Carlos Eduardo , Silva Thiago Mikael , Anes Dutra João César , Martins Alberto Mesaque 
Published: July 2024

O suicídio é um problema de saúde coletiva global, complexo e multifatorial, atravessado por questões sociais, incluindo as questões de gênero, resultando numa maior recorrência entre o público masculino. Na perspectiva dos estudos de construção social das masculinidades, esse estudo tem como objetivo discutir e problematizar as implicações de gênero nas ocorrências de suicídio entre homens no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental que incluiu 196 reportagens, publicadas entre os anos de 2015 a 2020, no Jornal Campo Grande News, as quais foram submetidas à classificação hierárquica descendente, análise de similitude e nuvem de palavras, com auxílio do software Iramuteq. Os resultados indicam que as questões de gênero e o processo de construção social de masculinidades desempenham um papel importante no comportamento suicida, estando relacionadas desde as motivações até os métodos utilizados pelos homens. Além disso, observa-se a relação entre os suicídios masculinos e acesso às armas de fogo, assim como com as ocorrências de feminicídio, sendo necessárias intervenções que atuem nos determinantes sociais do fenômeno. El suicidio es un problema de salud pública global, complejo y multifactorial que está atravesado por cuestiones sociales, entre ellas las de género, lo que resulta en una mayor recurrencia entre los hombres. Desde la perspectiva de los estudios sobre la construcción social de las masculinidades, este estudio tiene como objetivo discutir y problematizar las implicaciones de género del suicidio entre los hombres en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Se trata de un estudio documental que incluyó 196 reportajes publicados entre 2015 y 2020 en el periódico Campo Grande News, que fueron sometidos a clasificación jerárquica descendente, análisis de similitud y nubes de palabras, utilizando el software Iramuteq. Los resultados indican que las cuestiones de género y la construcción social de la masculinidad juegan un papel importante en el comportamiento suicida, desde las motivaciones hasta los métodos utilizados por los hombres. Además, existe una relación entre los suicidios masculinos y el acceso a las armas de fuego, así como con los casos de feminicidio, y es necesario intervenir para actuar sobre los determinantes sociales del fenómeno.
PENITENTIARY SYSTEM: IS THE STAFF SOLVE ALL THE PROBLEMS?
Authors: БАГРЕЕВА Е.Г. 
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируются ситуация в мире с рецидивом преступлений и возможности пенитенци- арных систем по уменьшению этих показателей.
The article analyzes the situation in the world with the recurrence of crimes and the possibilities of penitentiary systems to reduce these indicators.
STATE CONTROL DURING ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS
Authors: ФОМИН А.В. 
Published: July 2024

В статье исследуются контрольные полномочия судебного пристава-исполнителя, другие виды государственного контроля при проведении исполнительного производства.
The article examines the control powers of the bailiff and other types of state control during enforcement proceedings.
IMPROVEMENT OF CRIMINAL LEGAL MECHANISMS TO COUNTER CRIMES AGAINST SEXUAL INVIOLABILITY
Authors: НИФТАЛИЕВА И.А. 
Published: July 2024

Безусловным национальным приоритетом сегодня является обеспечение прав и законных ин- тересов несовершеннолетних как наиболее уязвимой части населения, нуждающейся в особой государствен- ной защите. Автор статьи акцентирует внимание на необходимости создания новых и усиления имеющихся уголовно-правовых механизмов, направленных на обеспечение охраны детей и подростков от преступлений против половой неприкосновенности.
The unconditional national priority today is to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of minors as the most vulnerable part of the population in need of special state protection. The author of the article emphasizes the need to create new and strengthen existing criminal legal mechanisms aimed at ensuring the protection of children and adolescents from crimes against sexual inviolability.
The Effectiveness of the Use of Collapse Therapy Methods and Bronchoblocation in the Complex Treatment of a Patient with Multidrug Resistance Pathogen: Clinical Observation
Authors: Chumovatov N. V. , Komissarova O. G. , Chernyh N. A. , Romanov V. V. 
Published: July 2024

Currently, according to the World Health Organization, the targets for the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis do not achieve their goals. In this regard, it is urgent to search for optimal integrated approaches in the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.The aim of the work is to demonstrate the high effectiveness of the use of methods of collapse therapy and CBB in the complex treatment of a patient with a widespread tuberculosis process.Materials and methods. The analysis of the patient’s medical documentation was carried out, the data of the anamnesis of the disease, the analysis of the X-ray archive, the data of clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations were studied.Results. Multidrug resistance (MDR) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) was established on the 1st day of hospitalization. Comprehensive treatment was carried out in full: chemotherapy according to the MDR-tuberculosis regimen, pneumoperitoneum for 8 months, CBB for 6 months.Discussion. The presented clinical example demonstrates that against the background of a significant decrease in immunity due to the severe course of viral pneumonia, previously undetected pulmonary tuberculosis has taken a progressive course. Due to the use of complex treatment in a patient with a widespread tuberculosis process, clinical improvement was achieved, the closure of massive decay cavities in lung tissue and resorption of focal infiltrative changes was radiologically achieved.Conclusion. A clinical example demonstrates the high effectiveness and safety of the use of collapse therapy methods in the complex treatment.
Sleep Disturbance as a Predictor of Accelerated Human Aging
Authors: Gorodnicheva A. V. , Kovtun O. P. , Brodovskaya T. O. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction. One of the main predictors of aging is sleep disturbance, the study of the role of which in the development of the accelerated aging process is recognized as an urgent problem for the medical community.The aim of the work is to analyze modern data on age-related aspects of sleep status and describe known markers of early aging associated with somnological disorders.Materials and methods. The search and selection of literary sources was carried out in the databases PubMed, eLibrary, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar. Search depth — 17 years, from 2007 to 2024. The total number of publications included in the review was 80.Results and discussion. Aging refers to a general pathological process that affects all human physiological systems. Differences between the terms biological and chronobiological age are established. The role of somnological disorders in the accelerated aging process has been determined. It has been established that as age increases, changes in the electrophysiological pattern of sleep are observed. It was found that changes in biological markers of aging are positively correlated with sleep disturbance. The importance of neuroimaging methods in determining the accelerated rate of aging in people with sleep disorders is shown.Conclusion. Sleep disturbance is defined as a significant indicator of accelerated aging of the body. Further research into changes in the structure and quality of sleep may change the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of aging and contribute to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the field of anti-aging medicine.
The Influence of the COVID‑19 Pandemic on the Detection, Diagnosis and Treatment in the Republic of North Ossetia — Alania
Authors: Kobesov N. V. , Sinitsin M. V. , Zagdyn Z. M. , Pagieva M. K. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Prioritization of measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decrease in the coverage and intensity of TB control activities.The aim of study to assess the indicators of detection, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and compare them with those at the all-Russian level.Materials and methods. A preliminary collection of statistical information in Russian and several foreign sources closest to the topic was carried out on the PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, CyberLeninka and eLibrary platforms. An analysis of the epidemiology of tuberculosis in North Ossetia for 2020–2021 was performed. according to annual reporting forms and reports from epidemiological monitoring systems for tuberculosis.Results. The detection rate of tuberculosis has decreased during the pandemic. The indicator in North Ossetia was higher than the national level. Clinical and diagnostic indicators for tuberculosis in the republic in 2020 were lower compared to those for 2021 for the study of sputum, decay phase, and bacterial excretion. The proportion of successful tuberculosis chemotherapy in the republic was higher than in a number of regions of the Russia.Discussion. There was a decrease in registered and, obviously, accumulation of latent cases of tuberculosis during the COVID 19 2020 pandemic due to a drop in preventive coverage of the population in the Russia. A worsening of the clinical structure of tuberculosis in 2021 in Republic of North Ossetia and an increase in the proportion of patients with destruction of lung tissue and the fibrous-cavernous type of disease in the Russia are revealed, possibly due to untimely detection of tuberculosis.Conclusion. Low activity of primary health care organizations regarding tuberculosis was revealed. Restrictions to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen contributed to a decrease in the coverage and intensity of anti-tuberculosis measures. The COVID-19 pandemic clearly affected the rates of primary diagnosis of tuberculosis in 2020, and in 2021 a significant increase was noted.
Pro‑coagulant Considerations in Patients with Arterial Hypertension and Multifocal Atherosclerosis
Authors: Vedenskaya S. S. , Smolenskaya O. G. , Grachev V. G. , Klyachina E. S. , Shirobokova K. V. 
Published: July 2024

The aim of the work to determine the features of hemostasis and blood rheology in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) and multifocal atherosclerosis (MFA).Materials and methods. The study enrolled male and female patients aged from 40 to 70 years, including 59 patients with controlled stage I–II hypertension and multifocal vascular lesions (Group 1) and 42 patients with controlled stage III hypertension, who have suffered an ischemic stroke and have multifocal vascular lesions (Group 2). A test using the Thrombodynamics analyser system T-2 (GemaKor, LLC, Moscow, Russia) was performed to detect the impairment of hemostasis.Results. Patients with HTN and MFA have an impaired coagulation hemostasis system (an increase in the initial and stationary clot growth rate and the size of the clot, as well as the presence of spontaneous clots), which leads to a high residual risk of cerebral complications, despite BP lowering to target figures and control of lipid profile.Discussion. Elevated blood pressure in patients with MFA leads to endothelial dysfunction, which is accompanied by activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis pathways. These changes lead to a violation of microcirculatory hemostasis in the brain, the development and progression of cerebral ischemia, and subsequently the occurrence of stroke, both the first and repeated.Conclusion. An important result of this study is the first registered change in the coagulation link of hemostasis in patients with HTN and MFA aged from 40 to 70 years, which can be considered an additional criterion for stroke prediction.