bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Study Comparing Irinotecan With Paclitaxel in Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer Without Severe Peritoneal Metastasis After Failure of Prior Combination Chemotherapy Using Fluoropyrimidine Plus Platinum: WJOG 4007 Trial
Authors: Hironaka Shuichi , Ueda Shinya , Yasui Hirofumi , Nishina Tomohiro , Tsuda Masahiro , Tsumura Takehiko , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Shimodaira Hideki , Tokunaga Shinya , Moriwaki Toshikazu , Esaki Taito , Nagase Michitaka , Fujitani Kazumasa , Yamaguchi Kensei , Ura Takashi , Hamamoto Yasuo , Morita Satoshi , Okamoto Isamu , Boku Narikazu , Hyodo Ichinosuke 
Published: November 2013

Purpose This phase III study compared treatment with weekly paclitaxel and biweekly irinotecan in patients with advanced gastric cancer refractory to treatment with fluoropyrimidine plus platinum. Patients and Methods Patients were randomly assigned to receive either paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15, every 4 weeks) or irinotecan (150 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15, every 4 weeks). Primary end point was overall survival (OS), and secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS), response rate, adverse events, and proportion of patients who received third-line chemotherapy. Results Of 223 patients, 219 were eligible for analysis. Median OS was 9.5 months in 108 patients allocated to the paclitaxel group and 8.4 months in 111 patients allocated to the irinotecan group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.13; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.49; P = .38). Median PFS was 3.6 months in the paclitaxel group and 2.3 months in the irinotecan group (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.49; P = .33). Response rate was 20.9% in the paclitaxel group and 13.6% in the irinotecan group (P = .24). Common grade 3 to 4 adverse events were neutropenia (paclitaxel group, 28.7%; irinotecan group, 39.1%), anemia (21.3%; 30.0%), and anorexia (7.4%; 17.3%). Treatment-related deaths occurred in two patients (1.8%) in the irinotecan group. Third-line chemotherapy was administered in 97 patients (89.8%) after paclitaxel treatment and in 80 patients (72.1%) after irinotecan treatment (P = .001). Conclusion No statistically significant difference was observed between paclitaxel and irinotecan for OS. Both are reasonable second-line treatment options for advanced gastric cancer.
Use of Statins and the Risk of Death in Patients With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yu Oriana , Eberg Maria , Benayoun Serge , Aprikian Armen , Batist Gerald , Suissa Samy , Azoulay Laurent 
Published: November 2013

Purpose To determine whether the use of statins after prostate cancer diagnosis is associated with a decreased risk of cancer-related mortality and all-cause mortality and to assess whether this association is modified by prediagnostic use of statins. Patients and Methods A cohort of 11,772 men newly diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer between April 1, 1998, and December 31, 2009, followed until October 1, 2012, was identified using a large population-based electronic database from the United Kingdom. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs of mortality outcomes associated with postdiagnostic use of statins, lagged by 1 year to account for latency considerations and to minimize reverse causality, and considering effect modification by prediagnostic use of statins. Results During a mean follow-up time of 4.4 years (standard deviation, 2.9 years), 3,499 deaths occurred, including 1,791 from prostate cancer. Postdiagnostic use of statins was associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer mortality (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.88) and all-cause mortality (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.95). These decreased risks of prostate cancer mortality and all-cause mortality were more pronounced in patients who also used statins before diagnosis (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.74; and HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81, respectively), with weaker effects in patients who initiated the treatment only after diagnosis (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.96; and HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.01, respectively). Conclusion Overall, the use of statins after diagnosis was associated with a decreased risk in prostate cancer mortality. However, this effect was stronger in patients who also used statins before diagnosis.
Relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma in Older Patients: A Comprehensive Analysis From the German Hodgkin Study Group
Authors: Böll Boris , Goergen Helen , Arndt Nils , Meissner Julia , Krause Stefan W. , Schnell Roland , von Tresckow Bastian , Eichenauer Dennis A. , Sasse Stephanie , Fuchs Michael , Behringer Karolin , Klimm Beate C. , Naumann Ralph , Diehl Volker , Engert Andreas , Borchmann Peter 
Published: November 2013

Purpose Progression or relapse of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is common among older patients. However, prognosis and effects of second-line treatment are thus far unknown. Patients and Methods We investigated second-line treatment and survival in older patients with progressive or relapsed HL. Patients treated within German Hodgkin Study Group first-line studies between 1993 and 2007 were screened for refractory disease or relapse (RR-HL). Patients with RR-HL age ≥ 60 years at first-line treatment were included in this analysis. Results We identified 105 patients (median age, 66 years); 28%, 31%, and 41% had progressive disease, early relapse, or late relapse, respectively. Second-line treatment strategies included intensified salvage regimens (22%), conventional polychemotherapy and/or salvage-radiotherapy with curative intent (42%), and palliative approaches (31%). Median overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort was 12 months; OS at 3 years was 31% (95% CI, 22% to 40%). A prognostic score with risk factors (RFs) of early relapse, clinical stage III/IV, and anemia identified patients with favorable and unfavorable prognosis (≤ one RF: 3-year OS, 59%; 95% CI, 44% to 74%; ≥ two RFs: 3-year OS, 9%; 95% CI, 1% to 18%). In low-risk patients, the impact of therapy on survival was significant in favor of the conventional polychemotherapy/salvage radiotherapy approach. In high-risk patients, OS was low overall and did not differ significantly among treatment strategies. Conclusion OS in older patients with RR-HL can be predicted using a simple prognostic score. Poor outcome in high-risk patients cannot be overcome by any of the applied treatment strategies. Our results might help to guide treatment decisions and evaluate new compounds in these patients.
Personal History of Prostate Cancer and Increased Risk of Incident Melanoma in the United States
Authors: Li Wen-Qing , Qureshi Abrar A. , Ma Jing , Goldstein Alisa M. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Stampfer Meir J. , Han Jiali 
Published: November 2013

Purpose Steroid hormones, particularly androgens, play a major role in prostatic carcinogenesis. Personal history of severe acne, a surrogate for higher androgen activity, has been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa), and one recent study indicated that severe teenage acne was a novel risk factor for melanoma. These findings suggest a possible relationship between PCa and risk of melanoma. We prospectively evaluated this association among US men. Methods A total of 42,372 participants in the Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study (HPFS; 1986 to 2010) were included. Biennially self-reported PCa diagnosis was confirmed using pathology reports. Diagnosis of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was self-reported biennially, and diagnosis of melanoma was pathologically confirmed. We sought to confirm the association in 18,603 participants from the Physicians' Health Study (PHS; 1982 to 1998). Results We identified 539 melanomas in the HPFS. Personal history of PCa was associated with an increased risk of melanoma (multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.83; 95% CI, 1.32 to 2.54). Although we also detected a marginally increased risk of NMSC associated with PCa (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.995 to 1.16), the difference in the magnitude of the association between melanoma and NMSC was significant (P for heterogeneity = .002). We did not find an altered risk of melanoma associated with personal history of other cancers. The association between PCa and risk of incident melanoma was confirmed in the PHS (HR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.12 to 4.21). Conclusion Personal history of PCa is associated with an increased risk of melanoma, which may not be entirely a result of greater medical scrutiny.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Зеер  , Zeer E. 
Published: November 2013

It is considered how the current educational technologies stimulate the
professional development of personality. As the examples educational
technologies, especially conducive to professional development of personality,
the author mentions developing psychodiagnostics, trainings,
project-based learning and business games and provides rationale for
how to design each of these technologies.
SERIES OF LECTURES ON «MOTIVATION AND STIMULATION OF LABOR ACTIVITY» (PART 8TH)
Authors: Митрофанова  , Mitrofanova Elena , Ловчева  , Lovcheva Marina 
Published: November 2013

This paper is the 8th in the sequence of lectures on Motivation and Stimulation
within the Bachelor’s Degree Program. Mechanisms of labor motivation
formation and functioning are described; research techniques designed
especially for research and analysis of labor motivation mechanisms are
highlighted.
Long-term mechanical ventilation in a pregnant woman with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a successful outcome
Authors: Miranda Jezid , Palacio Betty , Rojas-Suarez Jose Antonio , Bourjeily Ghada 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive degenerative motor neuron disease that is rarely encountered in the obstetric population. This report describes the successful use of long-term mechanical ventilation in a pregnant woman with ALS.

Case presentation: A 37-year-old G3P2 woman with ALS was admitted to the emergency room with shortness of breath, tachypnea, and evidence of hypoxic and hypercapnic respiratory failure at 24 weeks of gestation, precipitated by bacterial pneumonia. Antibiotic therapy, intubation, and mechanical ventilatory support were initiated, followed by an early tracheostomy as soon as the need for prolonged airway access was identified. The mother remained with prolonged mechanical ventilation until spontaneous preterm birth occurred at 32 weeks of gestation, with the vaginal delivery of a healthy infant. The mother was discharged from the intensive care unit during puerperium to continue mechanical ventilation support in a home care facility.

Conclusion: Long-term mechanical ventilation can be successfully performed during pregnancy. Goals of oxygenation and ventilation need to be modified and customized based on the underlying condition and the status of the mother.
Conjugacy classes of finite groups and graph regularity
Authors: Bianchi Mariagrazia , Camina Rachel D. , Herzog Marcel , Pacifici Emanuele 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Given a finite group G, denote by

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

the simple
undirected graph whose vertices are the distinct sizes of noncentral
conjugacy classes of G, and set two vertices of

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

to be
adjacent if and only if they are not coprime numbers. In this note
we prove that, if

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

is a k-regular graph with k ≥ 1, then

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

is a complete graph with

k
+
1

$k+1$

vertices.
The Slag Influence on High Temperature Resistance of Aluminophosphate Cementfor Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery
Authors: Li Zaoyuan , Wang Yan , Cheng Xiaowei , Guo Xiaoyang 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The sharp strength recession of silicate cement in high temperature is the crucial reason of casings damage and zonal isolation failure in heavy oil thermal recovery. Although aluminophosphate cement has a better high temperature resistance in comparison with silicate cement, its compressive strength recession in high temperature slightly recessed. The results show that adding slag into aluminophosphate cement can not only develop compressive strength of cement at low temperature, but it can also improve the high temperature resistance of the cement. After adding slag, the formation of C2ASH8 conduces to develop cement strength at low temperature, and C3AS2H2 conduces to high temperature resistance. To increase temperature resistance of aluminophosphate cement, C3ASH4 generation and Al(OH)3 decomposition should be avoided. Crystal structure of cement after high temperature is well developed with compactly and neatly arranged, allowing cement to maintain good mechanical properties to help protect the casing and improve zonal isolation performance.
Statistical aspects of microplasticity: experiments, discrete dislocation simulations and stochastic continuum models
Authors: Zaiser Michael 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe plastic deformation properties of microscale and nanoscale specimens differ from those of their macroscopic counterparts as the discrete nature of the elementary processes governing plastic flow becomes directly visible. In such specimens, details of the initial defect microstructure may exert a strong influence on the recorded deformation behaviour, which accordingly exhibits significant scatter even amongst specimens that share an identical preparation history. The plasticity of microsamples appears as a sequence of spatially and temporally localised events and not as the smooth and continuous flow process envisaged by classical continuum elastoplasticity. These observations pose a significant challenge to constitutive modelling. In this feature article, we discuss the statistics of fluctuations in microscale and nanoscale plasticity and discuss the implications for computational modelling of plastic deformation processes on microscale and nanoscales. We propose a new type of constitutive models that combine a classical continuum description of the elastic problem with a stochastic description of the dynamics of plastic flow.
Theoretical strength and homogeneous sliding in metallic glass: exactly solvable model
Authors: Lazarev Nikolai , Bakai Alexander 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAt low temperature, T→0, the yield stress of a perfect crystal is equal to its so-called theoretical strength. The yield stress of nonperfect crystals is controlled by the stress threshold of dislocation mobility. A noncrystalline solid has neither an ideal structure nor gliding dislocations. Its yield stress, that is, the stress at which the macroscopic inelastic deformation starts, depends on distribution of local, attributed to each atomic site, critical stresses at which the local inelastic deformation occurs. We describe exactly solvable model of planar layer strength and sliding with an arbitrary homogeneous distribution of local critical stresses. The rate of the thermally activated sliding is closely related to parameters of the low-temperature strength. The sliding activation volume scales with the applied external stress as where β<1. The proposed model accounts for mechanisms and the yield stress of the low-temperature deformation of polycluster metallic glasses, because intercluster boundaries of a polycluster metallic glass are natural sliding layers of the described type.
Reducing Children’s Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Harutyunyan Arusyak , Movsisyan Narine , Petrosyan Varduhi , Petrosyan Diana , Stillman Frances 
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:To develop and test an intervention to reduce children’s exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) at homes in Yerevan, Armenia.METHODS:A single-blind, randomized trial in 250 households with 2- to 6-year-old children tested an intensive intervention (counseling sessions, distribution of tailored educational brochures, demonstration of home air pollution, and 2 follow-up counseling telephone calls) against minimal intervention (distribution of standard leaflets). At baseline and 4-month follow-up, researchers conducted biomonitoring (children’s hair) and surveys. The study used paired t tests, McNemar’s test, and linear and logistic regression analyses.RESULTS:After adjusting for baseline hair nicotine concentration, child’s age and gender, the follow-up geometric mean (GM) of hair nicotine concentration in the intervention group was 17% lower than in the control group (P = .239). The GM of hair nicotine in the intervention group significantly decreased from 0.30 ng/mg to 0.23 ng/mg (P = .024), unlike in the control group. The follow-up survey revealed an increased proportion of households with smoking restrictions and decreased exposure of children to SHS in both groups. The adjusted odds of children’s less-than-daily exposure to SHS at follow-up was 1.87 times higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P = .077). The GM of mothers’ knowledge scores at follow-up was 10% higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P = .006).CONCLUSIONS:Intensive intervention is effective in decreasing children’s exposure to SHS through educating mothers and promoting smoking restrictions at home. However, superiority over minimal intervention to decrease children’s exposure was not statistically significant.
Child Exposure to Parental Violence and Psychological Distress Associated With Delayed Milestones
Authors: Gilbert Amy Lewis , Bauer Nerissa S. , Carroll Aaron E. , Downs Stephen M. 
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between parental report of intimate partner violence (IPV) and parental psychological distress (PPD) with child attainment of developmental milestones.METHODS:By using data collected from a large cohort of primary care patients, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between parental report of IPV and/or PPD and the attainment of developmental milestones within the first 72 months of a child’s life. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for parental report of child abuse concern and sociodemographic characteristics.RESULTS:Our study population included 16 595 subjects. Children of parents reporting both IPV and PPD (n = 88; 0.5%) were more likely to fail at least 1 milestone across the following developmental domains: language (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–3.3), personal-social (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2–2.9), and gross motor (aOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.8–5.0). Significant associations for those reporting IPV-only (n = 331; 2.0%) were found for language (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.9), personal-social (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.4–2.2), and fine motor-adaptive (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.0–2.7). Significant associations for those reporting PPD-only (n = 1920; 11.6%) were found for: language (aOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.3–1.7), personal-social (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.5–1.8), gross motor (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.8), and fine-motor adaptive (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3–2.0).CONCLUSIONS:Screening children for IPV and PPD helps identify those at risk for poor developmental outcomes who may benefit from early intervention.
Pediatric Palliative Care Programs in Children’s Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional National Survey
Authors: Feudtner Chris , Womer James , Augustin Rachel , Remke Stacy , Wolfe Joanne , Friebert Sarah , Weissman David 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUND:Pediatric palliative care (PPC) programs facilitate the provision of comprehensive care to seriously ill children. Over the past 10 years many such programs have been initiated by children’s hospitals, but little is known about their number, staff composition, services offered, sources of support, or national distribution.METHODS:In the summer of 2012, we surveyed 226 hospitals as identified by the National Association of Children’s Hospitals and Related Institutions. The survey instrument gathered data about whether their institution had a PPC program, and for hospitals with programs, it asked for a wide range of information including staffing, patient age range, services provided, and financial support.RESULTS:Of the 162 hospitals that provided data (71.7% response rate), 69% reported having a PPC program. The rate of new program creation peaked in 2008, with 12 new programs created that year, and 10 new programs in 2011. Most programs offer only inpatient services, and most only during the work week. The number of consults per year varied substantially across programs, and was positively associated with hospital bed size and number of funded staff members. PPC programs report a high level of dependence on hospital funding.CONCLUSIONS:PPC programs are becoming common in children’s hospitals throughout the United States yet with marked variation in how these programs are staffed, the level of funding for staff effort to provide PPC, and the number of consultations performed annually. Guidelines for PPC team composition, funding, and consultation standards may be warranted to ensure the highest quality of PPC.
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Garg Shruti , Green Jonathan , Leadbitter Kathy , Emsley Richard , Lehtonen Annukka , Evans D. Gareth , Huson Susan M. 
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1).

METHODS:
Second-phase population-based epidemiologic study using an allcase NF1 registry in a defined UK 4.1 million population area. A total of 109 (52.7%) of 207 responders from the initial screening phase were grouped by using the parent-rated Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) as significant ASD (SRS≥76; n = 32), moderate ASD (SRS ≥ 60&lt;76; n = 29), or non-ASD (SRS &lt;60, n = 48). Twenty-three cases from the significant ASD group, 16 from moderate ASD, and 8 from non-ASD (total n = 47), invited proportionately by random selection, were seen for detailed confirmatory ascertainment. Assessments on Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale-Generic, and verbal IQ were combined by using standard Collaborative Program for Excellence in Autism criteria into an ASD categorization for each case (ASD, broad ASD with partial features, non-ASD). A preplanned weighted analysis was used to derive prevalence estimates for the whole population.

RESULTS:
Fourteen (29.5%) of 47 showed ASD, 13 (27.7%) broad ASD, and 20 (42.5%) non-ASD. The ASD/broad ASD group showed male predominance (1.7:1.0), but did not differ significantly from the non-ASD group on IQ, age, socioeconomic status, inheritance, physical severity, or education. The population prevalence estimate is 24.9% ASD (95% confidence interval 13.1%–42.1%) and 20.8% broad ASD (95% confidence interval 10.0%–38.1%); a total of 45.7% showing some ASD spectrum phenotype.

CONCLUSIONS:
Findings indicate high prevalence of ASD in NF1, with implications for clinical practice and further research into NF1 as a single-gene model for autism.