bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Phase III Trial of Retinoic Acid and Arsenic Trioxide Versus Retinoic Acid and Chemotherapy in Patients With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Health-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes
Authors: Efficace Fabio , Mandelli Franco , Avvisati Giuseppe , Cottone Francesco , Ferrara Felicetto , Di Bona Eros , Specchia Giorgina , Breccia Massimo , Levis Alessandro , Sica Simona , Finizio Olimpia , Kropp Maria Grazia , Fioritoni Giuseppe , Cerqui Elisa , Vignetti Marco , Amadori Sergio , Schlenk Richard F. , Platzbecker Uwe , Lo-Coco Francesco 
Published: September 2014

Purpose A randomized clinical trial compared efficacy and toxicity of standard all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) plus chemotherapy versus ATRA plus arsenic trioxide in patients with newly diagnosed, low- or intermediate-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Here, we report health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) results. Patients and Methods HRQOL was a secondary end point of this trial. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire–Core 30 was used to assess HRQOL at end of induction and after consolidation therapy. All analyses were based on 156 patients who received at least one dose of treatment, with groups defined according to randomly assigned treatment. Primary analysis was performed, estimating mean HRQOL score over time and differences between treatment arms using a linear mixed model. Results Overall, 162 patients age 18 to 70 years were enrolled. Of these, 150 and 142 patients were evaluable for HRQOL after induction therapy and third consolidation course, respectively. Overall compliance with HRQOL forms was 80.1%. The largest difference, favoring patients treated with ATRA plus arsenic trioxide, was found for fatigue severity (mean score difference, −9.3; 95% CI, −17.8 to −0.7; P = .034) at end of induction therapy. This difference was also clinically relevant. HRQOL differences between treatment arms at end of consolidation showed that for several scales, differences between treatment arms were marginal. Conclusion Overall, current HRQOL findings further support the use of ATRA plus arsenic trioxide as preferred first-line treatment in patients with low- or intermediate-risk APL.
Appropriateness of Imaging for Lung Cancer Staging in a National Cohort
Authors: Backhus Leah M. , Farjah Farhood , Varghese Thomas K. , Cheng Aaron M. , Zhou Xiao-Hua , Wood Douglas E. , Kessler Larry , Zeliadt Steven B. 
Published: September 2014

Purpose Optimizing evidence-based care to improve quality is a critical priority in the United States. We sought to examine adherence to imaging guideline recommendations for staging in patients with locally advanced lung cancer in a national cohort. Methods We identified 3,808 patients with stage IIB, IIIA, or IIIB lung cancer by using the national Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Central Cancer Registry (2004-2007) and linked these patients to VA and Medicare databases to examine receipt of guideline-recommended imaging based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria. Our primary outcomes were receipt of guideline-recommended brain imaging and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. We also examined rates of overuse defined as combined use of bone scintigraphy (BS) and PET, which current guidelines recommend against. All imaging was assessed during the period 180 days before and 180 days after diagnosis. Results Nearly 75% of patients received recommended brain imaging, and 60% received recommended PET imaging. Overuse of BS and PET occurred in 25% of patients. More advanced clinical stage and later year of diagnosis were the only clinical or demographic factors associated with higher rates of guideline-recommended imaging after adjusting for covariates. We observed considerable regional variation in recommended PET imaging and overuse of combined BS and PET. Conclusion Receipt of guideline-recommended imaging is not universal. PET appears to be underused overall, whereas BS demonstrates continued overuse. Wide regional variation suggests that these findings could be the result of local practice patterns, which may be amenable to provider education efforts such as Choosing Wisely.
Decolonizing Transgender
Authors: Boellstorff Tom , Cabral Mauro , Cárdenas Micha , Cotten Trystan , Stanley Eric A. , Young Kalaniopua , Aizura Aren Z. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This roundtable discussion took place between August 2013 and January 2014 through e-mail. Eventually, two questions were posed, and participants individually e-mailed their responses in. The questions were posed in the hope of making space for a number of scholars, activists, and culture makers to take the pulse of transgender studies' political possibilities and limits and to talk practically about methods for creating change.
Effect of Customer-Centric Structure on Long-Term Financial Performance
Authors: Lee Ju-Yeon , Sridhar Shrihari , Henderson Conor M. , Palmatier Robert W. 
Published: September 2014

Firms with a customer-centric structure—an organizational design that aligns each business unit with a distinct customer group—are expected to exhibit superior performance compared to firms that are internally structured. Top executives invoke these customer-centric beliefs when initiating corporate reorganizations. However, a lack of empirical evidence linking these customer-centric structures to better long-term financial performance raises doubts if corporate structure can truly foster customer centricity and better position a firm to satisfy customers and hence exhibit superior performance. The current research addresses this question by using longitudinal data (1998–2010) that links Fortune 500 firms’ corporate-level structure to performance. Utilizing a dueling mediator model with allowance for endogeneity in a firm’s organizational structure choice, the study reveals that a corporate-level customer-centric structure translates to greater customer satisfaction, but simultaneously adds coordinating costs. Further explaining customer-centric structure’s record of mixed success, the benefits of increased customer satisfaction diminish (1) as competitors have already adopted customer-centric structures, (2) in fragmented markets where competitors leave few unique customer needs unaddressed, and (3) in less profitable industries. Ultimately, we show that aligning corporate structure around customers pays off only in specific competitive environments. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2014.0878 .
Identifying Good Group Homes: Qualitative Indicators Using a Quality of Life Framework
Authors: Bigby Christine , Knox Marie , Beadle-Brown Julie , Bould Emma 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDespite change toward more individualized support, group homes are likely to remain for people with severe intellectual disability. As such, the search continues for ways to determine and maintain the quality of these settings. This article draws on in-depth qualitative analysis of participant observations conducted over 9–12 months in seven group homes for 21 people with a severe and profound level of intellectual disability. It explores the conceptualization of good outcomes and support for this group in terms of their quality of life and staff practices. The qualitative indicators of good outcomes for this group using quality of life domains can be used by auditors, community visitors, funders, advocates, or family members to guide observation and judgements about group homes.
A Mathematical Model for the Magnetoelastic Behavior of Anisotropic Magnetic Sensitive Materials Based on Continuum Theory
Authors: Usal Melek , Kurbanoğlu Cahit , Yünlü Lokman 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Magnetoelastic behavior of a magnetic sensitive material has been analyzed theoretically in the present paper. The theory is formulated in the context of continuum electromagnetics. The solid medium is supposed to be made of elastic material with magnetic sensitivity and to be nonlinear, homogeneous, compressible, isothermal, has anisotropy. Magneto-elastic response of the material will show up as a stress and a magnetization field. From the formulation belonging to the constitutive equations, it has been observed that the stress and the magnetization have been derived from a scalar-valued thermodynamic potential defined in calculations. As a result of thermodynamic constraints, it has been determined that the free energy function is dependent on Green deformation tensor, magnetic field, and temperature distribution. The free energy function has been represented by a power series expansion and the type and number of terms taken into consideration in this series expansion has determined the non-linearity of the medium. Constitutive equations of symmetric stress, magnetization field and asymmetric stress have been obtained in both material and spatial coordinates. The quasi-linear constitutive equations which on material coordinates have been obtained by expressions (63)–(65). The quasi-linear constitutive equations have been given in expressions (70)–(72) on spatial coordinates. Finally, the quasi-linear constitutive equations of the symmetric stress and magnetization field are substituted in the relevant balance equations to obtain the field equations. The field equations containing the unknowns uk
and ϕ coordinates have been obtained by expressions (75) and (76). Solution of these field equations under initial and boundary conditions forms the mathematical structure of specified a boundary value problem.
Dynamics of species composition of small non-volant mammals from the northern Cordillera Central of Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Giraldo Camilo , Díaz-Nieto Juan F. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractOn the basis of our recent fieldwork and historical records, we document the diversity of small non-volant mammals in the northern end of Cordillera Central of Colombia, an important region in the context of vertebrate biodiversity. From February 2004 to February 2006, we completed mammal surveys in three localities at the department of Antioquia, with elevations ranging from 1650 to 2000 m. We recorded a total of 14 species: three marsupials, one shrew, one heteromyid, and nine sigmodontinae rodents, including three species endemic in Cordillera Central. The rodents
Packing Effects of N-Ras Binding to a DOPC Membrane – a Neutron Reflectivity and TIRF Spectroscopy High-Pressure Study
Authors: Erlkamp Mirko , Moulin Jean-Francois , Winter Roland , Czeslik Claus 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We have analyzed the structural changes of
a 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) membrane
upon insertion of the lipidated N-Ras protein as a function of
pressure. N-Ras is a small GTPase that plays an important role for
signal transduction and cell growth. After lipidation with hexadecyl
(HD) and farnesyl (Far) residues, N-Ras HD-Far can insert into lipid
membranes. In this study, we describe the concomitant changes of the
DOPC membrane structure using neutron reflectometry (NR) and total
internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) spectroscopy. The data have
been recorded as a function of pressure up to 2000 bar,
because pressure can be used to explore low-volume states and high
packing densities. The analysis of the NR data reveals that the DOPC
membrane adopts a more ordered state with sharpened polar-apolar
interfaces upon pressurization. After binding of N-Ras HD-Far via
insertion of the two lipid anchors, this effect becomes even more
pronounced. Complementary TIRF experiments corroborate these
findings. Whereas pressure increases the generalized polarization
(GP) value of the DOPC membrane indicating a pressure-induced
dense packing of the lipid chains, the incorporation of the N-Ras
HD-Far into the DOPC membrane is also found to enhance the GP
value. Moreover, application of high pressure does not decrease the
degree of N-Ras HD-Far binding to the DOPC membrane confirming the
bound state to be a low-volume state. The results of this study shed
some light on the effect of pressure on membrane-associated
Ras-controlled signaling events in extreme environments, such as the
deep sea, where pressures up to 1 kbar are reached.
Shigella hacks host immune responses by reprogramming the host epigenome
Authors: Ashida Hiroshi , Sasakawa Chihiro 
Published: September 2014

Bacterial pathogens alter host transcriptional programs to promote infection. Shigella OspF is an essential virulence protein with a unique phosphothreonine lyase activity. A new study in The EMBO Journal (Harouz et al, ) reveals a novel function of OspF: targeting of heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP1γ) and downregulation of a subset of immune genes. These results illustrate how bacterial pathogens exploit epigenetic modifications to counteract host immune responses.
Pertussis Immunization in Infancy and Adolescent Asthma Medication
Authors: Vogt Hartmut , Bråbäck Lennart , Kling Anna-Maria , Grünewald Maria , Nilsson Lennart 
Published: September 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Childhood immunization may influence the development of asthma, possibly due to lack of infections or a shift in the T-helper cell type 1/T-helper cell type 2/regulatory T cells balance. We therefore investigated whether pertussis immunization in infancy is associated with asthma medication in adolescence.

METHODS:
After 14 years of no general pertussis vaccination, almost 82 000 Swedish children were immunized for pertussis in a vaccination trial between June 1, 1993, and June 30, 1994. In a follow-up analysis of almost 80 000 children, their data were compared with those of ∼100 000 nonvaccinated children, born during a 5-month period before and a 7-month period after the vaccination trial. Data for the main outcome variable (ie, dispensed prescribed asthma medication for each individual in the cohort during 2008–2010) were obtained from the national prescription database. Multivariate regression models were used to calculate the effect size of vaccination on dispensed asthma medication (odds ratios [OR], 95% confidence intervals [CI]). Approaches similar to intention-to-treat and per-protocol methods were used.

RESULTS:
The prevalence rates of various asthma medications for study patients at 15 years of age differed between 4.6% and 7.0%. The crude ORs for any asthma medication and antiinflammatory treatment in pertussis-vaccinated children after intention-to-treat analysis were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.93–1.00) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.90–0.98), respectively. Corresponding adjusted ORs were 0.99 (95% CI: 0.95–1.03) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92–1.01). Similar ORs were found after per-protocol analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pertussis immunization in infancy does not increase the risk of asthma medication use in adolescents. Our study presents evidence that pertussis immunization in early childhood can be considered safe with respect to long-term development of asthma.
Higher Gestational Weight Gain Is Associated With Increasing Offspring Birth Weight Independent of Maternal Glycemic Control in Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Secher Anna L. , Parellada Clara B. , Ringholm Lene , Ásbjörnsdóttir Björg , Damm Peter , Mathiesen Elisabeth R. 
Published: September 2014

OBJECTIVE
We evaluate the association between gestational weight gain and offspring birth weight in singleton term pregnancies of women with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
One hundred fifteen consecutive women referred at &lt;14 weeks were retrospectively classified as underweight (prepregnancy BMI &lt;18.5 kg/m2; n = 1), normal weight (18.5–24.9; n = 65), overweight (25.0–29.9; n = 39), or obese (≥30.0; n = 10). Gestational weight gain was categorized as excessive, appropriate, or insufficient according to the Institute of Medicine recommendations for each BMI class. Women with nephropathy, preeclampsia, and/or preterm delivery were excluded because of restrictive impact on fetal growth and limited time for total weight gain.

RESULTS
HbA1c was comparable at ∼6.6% (49 mmol/mol) at 8 weeks and ∼6.0% (42 mmol/mol) at 36 weeks between women with excessive (n = 62), appropriate (n = 37), and insufficient (n = 16) gestational weight gain. Diabetes duration was comparable, and median prepregnancy BMI was 25.3 (range 18–41) vs. 23.5 (18–31) vs. 22.7 (20–30) kg/m2 (P = 0.05) in the three weight gain groups. Offspring birth weight and birth weight SD score decreased across the groups (3,681 [2,374–4,500] vs. 3,395 [2,910–4,322] vs. 3,295 [2,766–4,340] g [P = 0.02] and 1.08 [−1.90 to 3.25] vs. 0.45 [−0.83 to 3.18] vs. −0.02 [−1.51 to 2.96] [P = 0.009], respectively). In a multiple linear regression analysis, gestational weight gain (kg) was positively associated with offspring birth weight (g) (β = 19; P = 0.02) and birth weight SD score (β = 0.06; P = 0.008) when adjusted for prepregnancy BMI, HbA1c at 36 weeks, smoking, parity, and ethnicity.

CONCLUSIONS
Higher gestational weight gain in women with type 1 diabetes was associated with increasing offspring birth weight independent of glycemic control and prepregnancy BMI.
Treatment of Comminuted Intra-articular Fractures of Distal Radius by External Fixator
Authors: Alamgir MH Mohammad , Islam Md. Monowarul , Haque M Ershadul , Islam M Nazrul , Kader Abdul 
Published: September 2014

Background: Treatment of comminuted intra-articular fractures of distal radius by external fixator is an important. Objective: The aim of study was to investigate the usefulness of external fixator as a treatment option for displaced comminuted intra-articular fractures of distal radius. Methodology: This case series was conducted in the Department of orthopaedic Surgery at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College& Hospital, Dhaka during the period of November 2011 to July 2013. All the patients having comminuted intra-articular distal radial fractures were being treated with mini uniaxial external fixator under brachial plexus block. The average follow up was performed in about 6 month.Result: A total number of fifteen patients were enrolled for this study. The mean age with SD was 50.21±9.473. Patient outcomes were measured by modified Knirk and Jupiter score and were categorized as satisfactory and unsatisfactory groups. In this study satisfactory outcome was found in 86.0%. All fractures (100.0%) were united nicely. Few complications were encountered. Postoperative osteoarthritis was not found during follow up.Conclusion: The use of external fixator for treating the comminuted intra-articular distal radial fractures produces satisfactory result.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v1i2.20516 Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research Vol.1(2) 2014: 30-34
Combining Cross-sectional Data on Prevalence with Risk Estimates from a Prediction Model
Authors: König J. , Blettner M. , Wild P. , Münzel T. , Lackner K. , Blankenberg S. , Pfeiffer N. , Beutel M. , Zwiener I. , Engelhardt B. 
Published: September 2014

SummaryObjectives: Estimation of the attributable risk for fatal diseases by combining two different data sources.Methods: We derive a method to estimate the attributable risks of different risk factors by combining general mortality risks with upto-date prevalences of the risk factors using estimates from a risk prediction model and cross-sectional data of a cohort study. Partial attributable risks have been used to illustrate the proportions of the different risk factors for the attributable risk. In addition we derive standard errors for the attributable risk based on the Taylor series expansion. Since the data of our cohort study was sampled with the same size in each 10 years age stratum which does not reflect the age-structure of the general population, the attributable risk and its standard errors are calculated using an approach that allows the weighting of the data according to population proportions of age. The formula for the standard errors has been evaluated using bootstrap-techniques.Results: We successfully implemented the method for the estimation of the attributable risk and its standard errors by integrating risk information using data of the HeartScore Germany and cross-sectional data emerging from the Gutenberg Health Study. The attributable risk can now be calculated without using the information of the overall disease rate. The bootstrap method shows, that the formula for the standard errors is useful.Conclusion: Our method allows for the combination of different data sources in order to estimate attributable risks and our formula for the standard errors seems to yield a good approximation. But the validity of our method highly depends on the validity of the underlying data sources.
The African baobab (Adansonia digitata, Malvaceae): Genetic resources in neglected populations of the Nuba Mountains, Sudan
Authors: Wiehle Martin , Prinz Kathleen , Kehlenbeck Katja , Goenster Sven , Mohamed Seifeldin Ali , Finkeldey Reiner , Buerkert Andreas , Gebauer Jens 
Published: September 2014

• Premise of the study: Adansonia digitata L. is one of the most important indigenous fruit trees of mainland Africa. Despite its significance for subsistence and income generation of local communities, little is known about the genetic and morphological variability of East African populations of A. digitata, including those of Sudan. The aim of the current study, therefore, was to analyze genetic and morphological variability of different baobab populations in Kordofan, Sudan and to estimate the effect of human intervention on genetic differentiation and diversity.• Methods: A total of 306 trees were randomly sampled from seven spatially separated locations in the Nuba Mountains, Sudan, to cover a wide range of differing environmental gradients and management regimes (‘homesteads’ and ‘wild'). Genetic analyses were conducted using nine microsatellite markers. Because of the tetraploid nature of A. digitata, different approaches were applied to estimate patterns of genetic diversity. Investigations were completed by measurements of dendrometric and fruit morphological characters.• Key results: Genetic diversity was balanced and did not differ between locations or management regimes, although tendencies of higher diversity in ‘homesteads’ were observed. A Bayesian cluster approach detected two distinct gene pools in the sample set, mainly caused by one highly diverse population close to a main road. The variability of tree characters and fruit morphometries was high, and significantly different between locations.• Conclusions: Results indicated a rather positive effect with human intervention. The observed populations provide a promising gene pool and likely comprise ecotypes well‐adapted to environmental conditions at the northern distribution range of the species, which should be considered in conservation and management programs.
Functional Avidity–Driven Activation-Induced Cell Death Shapes CTL Immunodominance
Authors: Santa Silvia Dalla , Merlo Anna , Bobisse Sara , Ronconi Elisa , Boldrin Daniela , Milan Gabriella , Barbieri Vito , Marin Oriano , Facchinetti Antonella , Biasi Giovanni , Dolcetti Riccardo , Zanovello Paola , Rosato Antonio 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Immunodominance is a complex phenomenon that relies on a mere numerical concept, while being potentially influenced at every step of the immune response. We investigated the mechanisms leading to the establishment of CTL immunodominance in a retroviral model and found that the previously defined subdominant Env-specific CD8+ T cells are endowed with an unexpectedly higher functional avidity than is the immunodominant Gag-recognizing counterpart. This high avidity, along with the Env Ag overload, results in a supraoptimal TCR engagement. The overstimulation makes Env-specific T lymphocytes more susceptible to apoptosis, thus hampering their expansion and leading to an unintentional “immune kamikazing.” Therefore, Ag-dependent, hyperactivation-induced cell death can be regarded as a novel mechanism in the establishment of the immunodominance that restrains and opposes the expansion of high-avidity T cells in favor of lower-affinity populations.