bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular trauma in badminton: A 5‐year review of badminton‐related eye injury emergency department presentations
Authors: Dewhurst Nicholas , Tangri Devangna , Arslan Janan , Ashraf Gizem , Chakrabarti Rahul , Crock Carmel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the nature and severity of badminton‐related ocular injuries in Melbourne, Australia.MethodsThis is a retrospective chart review. A search of the medical records was conducted for patients presenting to the ED at The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, with badminton‐related eye injuries from June 2018 to May 2023. Data were extracted, focusing on injury mechanism, patient demographics and treatment outcomes.ResultsIn total, 88 patients were included in the study, comprising 64 (73%) men and 24 (27%) women. The mean patient age was 36.13 years. The most common injury was hyphaema (73%), followed by commotio retinae (45%). One patient sustained a penetrating eye injury when a shuttlecock shattered the spectacles he was wearing during play. Medical intervention was required for 90% of patients. The most common interventions were steroid eye drops (80%) and cycloplegic eyedrops (76%). A total of six (7%) patients required surgical management. For those 69 patients followed up at The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 77% of patients had a final best‐corrected visual acuity of 6/6 or greater.ConclusionsHyphaema, commotio retinae and traumatic uveitis were the most commonly diagnosed injuries. The majority of patients with badminton‐related eye injuries required medical treatment, and some necessitated surgical intervention. To mitigate these risks, there is a pressing need to develop an eye safety policy for Australian badminton players, and players should exercise caution when wearing spectacles during play to prevent potential penetrating eye injuries.
Decolonial refusals: Ethnographic writing from the postperiphery
Authors: Stephens Gregory 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDecolonial refusals theory, forged through fieldwork in Puerto Rico, is used to question “conceptual disjunctures” in binary views of center‐periphery relations. Grad students here are not merely voices from the margins, as seen from the imperial north. Their autoethnographies may be dispatches from the frontlines of an epistemic rebellion. But seen from the south, their writings are regenerative forms of refusal. Their arc of refusal, rooted in a characteristic el vaivén modality (back‐and‐forth), begins by critiquing the mimicry of public English usage, and the coercive loss of voice they experience in English departments. Refusal to be pinned on the periphery opens to narrating fluid subjectivities, which challenge national and linguistic binaries. This project furthers the “ethnographic imperative” which Brian Street saw as key to reimagining interdisciplinary Writing Studies and cultural analysis.
Morphological description of the temporomandibular joint ligaments in domestic pigs
Authors: Magalhães Henrique Inhauser Riceti , da Silva Mônica Duarte , dos Santos Penna Neto Abelardo Moreira , Penna Arthur Nunes Moreira , Barto Victor Hugo , Miglino Maria Angelica , Hiraki Karen Renata Nakamura , de Assis Ribeiro Lucas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ligaments play crucial roles in its function or dysfunction. The objective of this study was to describe the macro and microscopic morphology of these ligaments in domestic pigs, aiming to: (1) expand knowledge about the species; (2) provide anatomical references for advancing veterinary therapy and utilizing pigs as animal models in craniofacial research. Heads of young Sus scrofa domesticus were dissected to identify TMJ ligaments. Fragments of these ligaments were collected and processed for subsequent histological analysis with Haematoxylin and eosin staining. The results were qualitatively described. Pigs exhibited a TMJ reinforced by three individualized capsular ligaments: a lateral ligament, attaching to the ventral margin of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the lateral margin of the mandibular neck; a caudomedial ligament, attaching to the retroarticular process of the squamous part of the temporal bone and the caudomedial margin of the mandibular neck and a caudolateral ligament, attaching to the ventral margin of the base of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the caudal margin of the mandibular neck. The lateral ligament exhibited a greater constitution of dense irregular connective tissue, while the caudomedial and caudolateral ligaments showed a greater constitution of dense regular connective tissue. It is concluded that the TMJ of pigs presents one more ligament than horses, cattle, dogs, cats and what has been described for pigs themselves. We believe these results may contribute to the improvement of veterinary clinical and surgical therapy overall, as well as provide essential morphological information for a better interpretation and application of interspecies results in craniofacial research using pigs as an experimental model, as in the case of humans.
An integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking approach to reveal the role of Arctigenin against Cutibacterium acnes‐induced skin inflammation by targeting the CYP19A1
Authors: Lu Xiaoyan , Han Yanzhong , Zhang Yongkang , Li Rui , Xu Jiaoyan , Yang Jian , Yao Jingchun , Lv Zhihai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcne caused by inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands is a common chronic skin disease. Arctigenin (ATG) is an extract of Arctium lappa L., which has significant anti‐inflammatory effects. However, the effect and mechanism of ATG in cutaneous inflammation mediated by Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) has not been fully evaluated. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and potential mechanism of ATG in the treatment of acne through network pharmacology and experimental confirmation. An acne model was established by injected live C. acnes into living mice and treated with ATG. Our data showed that ATG effectively improved acne induced by live C. acnes, which was confirmed by determining ear swelling rate, estradiol concentration and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. In addition, ATG inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in mice ear tissues and reduced the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β to relieve inflammation. The results of network pharmacology and molecular docking confirmed that ATG can regulate 17β‐Estradiol (E2) levels through targeted to CYP19A1, and finally inhibited skin inflammation. Taken together, our results confirmed that ATG regulated E2 secretion by targeting CYP19A1, thereby inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway and improving inflammation levels in acne mice. This study provides a basis for the feasibility of ATG in treating acne in clinical practice.
Exploring the nexus of occupational licensing and the shadow economy: Evidence from U.S. states
Authors: Gyimah Daniel A. , Saunoris James W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study looks at the relationship between the prevalence of state‐level shadow economies and the extent of labor regulations specific to occupational licensing. Occupational licensing leads to higher prices in the formal sector and barriers to entry into formal sector employment, therefore incentivizing individuals to migrate their demand and supply to the underground sector. Using state‐level panel data for the 50 U.S. states from 2001 to 2019 and two‐stage least squares estimation, we find a positive relationship between occupational licensing in a state and the size of its shadow economy. These results are robust to various considerations.
Quantifying the complex transmission of substrate‐borne vibrations with scanning laser vibrometry
Authors: McGinley Rowan H. , Cocroft Reginald B. , Elias Damian O. , Redle Elizabeth , Gorlewicz Jenna , Fowler‐Finn Kasey D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSubstrate‐borne vibrations are ubiquitous in nature and are used by diverse taxa to communicate and to obtain information about their environments. However, substrate‐borne vibrations remain understudied compared with other sensory and signaling modalities, in part due to human sensory biases. In addition, understanding and quantifying the transmission of vibrations remains a challenging task due to it being dependent on both signal properties and properties of the substrates that the signals transmit through. Here, we provide methods for playing back and measuring the transmission of vibrations throughout a substrate. Using linear resonant actuators, we conducted playbacks of pure tones and frequency sweeps on wooden dowels and on the stems of potted Ptelea trifoliata L. (Rutaceae) plants. We used scanning laser Doppler vibrometry to measure the signals at multiple locations along the length of the dowels and plant stems. We demonstrate that playback of a frequency sweep yields more data in a shorter amount of time than multiple playbacks and measurements of pure tone signals. Our results are also consistent with previous findings showing that signals produce frequency and location specific minima and maxima (nodes and antinodes) throughout the substrates, rather than simply attenuating with distance. This results in filtering of signals, such that their spectra are unique at any given measurement location—illustrating the importance of measuring vibrations at multiple locations. We discuss the implications of such filtering phenomena for vibrationally signaling animals and the biotremologists that study them.
Demographic but not competitive time lags can transiently amplify climate‐induced changes in vegetation carbon storage
Authors: Levine Jonathan M. , HilleRisLambers Janneke , Petry William K. , Usinowicz Jacob , Crowther Thomas W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHow terrestrial ecosystems will accumulate carbon as the climate continues to change is a major source of uncertainty in projections of future climate. Under growth‐stimulating environmental change, time lags inherent in population and community dynamic processes have been posed to dampen, or alternatively amplify, short‐term carbon gain in terrestrial vegetation, but these outcomes can be difficult to predict. To theoretically frame this problem, we developed a simple model of vegetation dynamics that identifies the stage‐structured demographic and competitive processes that could govern the timescales of carbon storage and loss. We show that demographic lags associated with growth‐stimulating environmental change can allow a rapid increase in population‐level carbon storage that is lost back to the atmosphere in later years. However, this transient carbon storage only emerges when environmental change increases the transition of adult individuals into a larger size class that suffers markedly higher mortality. Otherwise, demographic lags simply slow carbon accumulation. Counterintuitively, an analogous tradeoff between maximum adult size and survivorship in two‐species models, coupled with environmental change‐driven replacement, does not generate the transient carbon gain seen in the single‐species models. Instead lags in competitive replacement slow the approach to the eventual carbon trajectory. Together, our results suggest that time lags inherent in demographic and compositional turnover tend to slow carbon accumulation in systems responding to growth‐stimulating environmental change. Only under specific conditions will lagged demographic processes in such systems drive transient carbon accumulation, conditions that investigators can examine in nature to help project future carbon trajectories.
Migration and Technological Dialogue in Early Modern East Asia: A Historiographical Review
Authors: van Swet Floris 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBy reviewing historiographical trends within existing scholarship on migration and movement, and knowledge and technological dialogue in early modern East Asia, this article demonstrates how these bodies of work have become increasingly interdisciplinary and inclusive, thereby challenging prior characterisations of the region. Recent trends within the field combined with considerations of embodiment are, however, laying the groundwork for more meaningful integration by examining how migrants actually transferred, adapted, and leveraged their knowledge and skills. This article concludes by pointing to the potential to fully bring to the fore the complex nature of both migrants and technological dialogue.
Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis exhibits sex differences in people with HIV
Authors: Kablawi Dana , Milic Jovana , Thomas Tyler , Fotsing Tadjo Thierry , Cinque Felice , Elgretli Wesal , Gioè Claudia , Lebouché Bertrand , Tsochatzis Emmanuel , Finkel Jemima , Bhagani Sanjay , Cascio Antonio , Guaraldi Giovanni , Mazzola Giovanni , Saeed Sahar , Sebastiani Giada 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesPeople with HIV are at increased risk for metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Although sex differences are documented in the general population, their role in the context of HIV is less understood.MethodsThis was a multicentre cohort study including people with HIV without viral hepatitis coinfection. A FibroScan‐AST (FAST) score >0.35 was used to diagnose MASH with significant liver fibrosis (stage F2–F4). We investigated sex‐based differences in MASH trends as a function of age using a segmented linear mixed‐effects model. Random effects accounted for clustering by the four sites. Adjusted models included ethnicity, diabetes, hypertension, and detectable HIV viral load.ResultsWe included 1472 people with HIV (25% women). At baseline, the prevalence of MASH with fibrosis by FAST score was lower in women than in men (4.8% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.008). Based on the adjusted model, male sex (+0.034; p = 0.04), age per year (+0.003; p = 0.05), detectable HIV viral load (+0.034; p = 0.02), and hypertension (+0.03; p = 0.01) were positively associated with MASH with fibrosis. Although men exhibited generally higher FAST scores, FAST scores increased in women during the critical biological age of presumed perimenopause to menopause (between 40 and 50 years), reaching levels similar to those in men by the age of 55 years.ConclusionDespite women with HIV having a lower prevalence of MASH with fibrosis than men, they exhibit an acceleration in FAST score increase around the perimenopausal age. Future studies should target adequate consideration of sex differences in clinical investigation of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease to fill current gaps and implement precision medicine for people with HIV.
Understanding the impact of natural disasters on children within first hours and days after an event: A phenomenological study through the experience of nurses
Authors: Dağ Yeliz Suna , Zengin Mürşide , Yayan Emriye Hilal , Dağ Serhat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildren are a particularly vulnerable group in natural disasters such as earthquakes, and although they represent a difficult group to research in such situations, there appears to be a lack of literature investigating children's experiences in the immediate post‐earthquake period. Experienced nurses can shed light on children's experiences.AimThis study was conducted to examine the experiences of nurses caring for children affected by the earthquake in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.MethodsThis phenomenological study was conducted with nurses who provided care to children during the Kahramanmaraş earthquake between May and August 2023. The study sample consisted of 14 nurses selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through in‐depth interviews by using the “Introductory Information Form” and “Semi‐structured Interview Form” developed by the researchers. The interviews were subsequently analyzed using Colaizzi's method.ResultsThe results revealed five themes under two main themes. Under the main theme of nurse, there are subthemes of chaos, helplessness‐incompetence, while under the main theme of child, there are subthemes of unresponsiveness, intertwined needs, empathy, and care. The study also highlights the chaotic environment in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, characterized by a high number of pediatric casualties and psychological trauma, and the nurses' feelings of helplessness as a result of being separated from their families.ConclusionThis study found that nurses caring for children in the earthquake had difficulties in managing children's hospital processes and they demonstrated an empathic approach by trying to communicate with the children in their care. The nurses stated that children should be supported psychologically as well as having their basic needs such as water, food, and shelter met.Implications for nursing and health policyHealth policymakers should be aware that in the early stages of major disasters such as earthquakes, children are not only physically injured but also have basic needs such as water, shelter, and food, and are emotionally affected. It is recommended that disaster management plans be developed to address all children's needs and nurses be provided with psychological support and training to improve their knowledge and skills.
The home literacy environment of school‐age autistic children with high support needs
Authors: Westerveld Marleen F. , Malone Stephanie A. , Clendon Sally , Bowen Rachael , Hayley Georgia , Paynter Jessica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs a group, autistic children with high support needs (with adaptive functioning in the range of an intellectual disability) are at risk of significant literacy difficulties. We investigated the parent‐reported home literacy environment of this group of children.MethodSixty‐two parents of autistic children (4.5 to 18.25 years) attending an autism‐specific school completed a home literacy survey reporting on their child's: (1) alphabet knowledge, (2) interest in reading, (3) activities/interactions around books, (4) reading ability, and (5) writing ability.ResultsWe found significant positive correlations between parent‐reported child interest in reading and literacy‐related interactions and skills, but not with child age. Children using spoken words to communicate obtained significantly greater scores on four home‐literacy subscales, but not on reading interest.ConclusionsA better understanding of the home literacy activities of autistic children with high‐support needs is needed to inform educational practices aimed at promoting literacy development in this vulnerable population.
Exploring the experience of working relationships for support workers of adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: D'Sa Rachel , Fletcher Ian , Field Stephen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundResearch suggests that a better awareness of how staff who directly support people with intellectual disabilities experience their working relationships, will contribute to understanding staff wellbeing and the quality of care they offer. This study aimed to gain insights into the lived experiences of support workers in supported living services in England.MethodSix support workers participated in semi‐structured interviews, about their working relationships with service‐users and colleagues. Data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsSix interconnected themes emerged: The essence of good relationships; a trusting relationship as the vehicle for meeting service‐users' needs; belonging to the support team; the organisational context of relationships; the social context of relationships; ‘a fine balancing act’.ConclusionsThe findings provide insights into staff wellbeing, indicating that developing supportive, trusting relationships with both service‐users and colleagues, plays an important role in delivering effective care. Potential implications for service providers are discussed.
Parent of origin genetic effects on milk production traits in a population of Iranian Holstein cows
Authors: Ghafouri‐Kesbi Farhad , Noorian Milad , Gholizadeh Sajad , Mokhtari Morteza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aim was to estimate the relative contribution of imprinting effects from both paternal and maternal sides to phenotypic variation in milk production traits including 305 days milk yield (MY), average daily milk production (ADM), fat percentage (F%), protein percentage (P%), 305 days fat yield (FY), 305 days protein yield (PY), ratio of fat percentage to protein percentage (F:P) and somatic cell score (SCS) in Iranian Holstein cows. To do this, each trait was analysed with a series of four animal models, which were identical for fixed and additive genetic effects but differed for combinations of paternal and maternal imprinting effects. The log‐likelihood ratio test (LRT) and Akaike's information criteria (AIC) were used to select the best model for each trait. Correlations between traits due to additive and imprinting effects were estimated by bivariate analyses. For all traits studied, fitting the imprinting effect led to a better data fit. Also, it resulted in a noticeable decrease in additive genetic variance from 8% (SCS) to 28% (F:P). A significant maternal imprinting effect was detected on all traits studied. Estimates of maternal imprinting heritability () were 0.07 ± 0.02, 0.04 ± 0.01, 0.06 ± 0.01, 0.05 ± 0.01, 0.5 ± 0.01, 0.09 ± 0.02, 0.07 ± 0.02 and 0.06 ± 0.01 for MY, ADM, F%, P%, FY, PY, F:P and SCS, respectively. For F:P, in addition to the maternal imprinting effect, a significant paternal imprinting component was also detected with a 7% contribution to phenotypic variance of F:P. Estimates of direct heritability () were 0.29 ± 0.02, 0.17 ± 0.01, 0.22 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.01, 0.18 ± 0.02, 0.22 ± 0.02, 0.15 ± 0.04 and 0.06 ± 0.01 for MY, ADM, F%, P%, FY, PY, F:P and SCS, respectively. Maternal imprinting correlations (rmi) were in a wide range between −0.75 ± 0.15 (P%‐SCS) and 0.95 ± 0.11 (MY‐ADM). Additive genetic correlations (ra) ranged between −0.54 ± 0.05 (MY‐P%) and 0.99 ± 0.01 (MY‐ADM) and phenotypic correlations (rp) ranged from −0.30 ± 0.01 (MY‐F%) to 0.93 ± 0.01 (MY‐ADM). The Spearman's correlation between additive breeding values including and excluding imprinting effects deviated from unity especially for top‐ranked animals implying re‐ranking of top animals following the inclusion of imprinting effects in the model. Since including imprinting effects in the model resulted in better data fit and re‐ranking of top animals, including these effects in the genetic evaluation models for milk production traits was recommended.