bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fidelity in After-School Program Intervention Research
Authors: Maynard Brandy R. , Peters Kristen E. , Vaughn Michael G. , Sarteschi Christine M. 
Published: June 2013

Objective: This study examined whether and to what extent researchers addressed intervention fidelity in research of after-school programs serving at-risk students. Method: Systematic review procedures were used to search, retrieve, select, and analyze studies for this review. Fifty-five intervention studies were assessed on the following components of intervention fidelity: strategies to enhance fidelity, measurement of fidelity, and use of fidelity data in data analysis and interpretation. Results: Of the 55 studies examined, only 55% reported well-defined intervention procedures, 42% used an intervention manual, 33% provided training on the intervention, 24% provided supervision for the implementers, 29% measured fidelity, only 4% used fidelity data in their analysis, and no studies reported the reliability of fidelity measures. Conclusion: Findings indicate an overall lack of attention to and reporting of intervention fidelity in after-school intervention studies. Implications for practice, policy, and research are discussed.
Navicular Subluxation as a Radiographic Finding in Charcot Neuroarthropathy
Authors: Estess Allyson , Marquand Nicole , Charlton Timothy P. , Thordarson David B. 
Published: June 2013

Background: Treatment of patients with Charcot midfoot destruction is a difficult and increasingly common clinical problem. The pathoanatomical features of Charcot neuropathy have been evaluated in only a few studies. This study evaluated whether medial navicular subluxation (adduction of the navicular on the talus) is a radiographic finding present in patients with Charcot neuroarthropathy. Methods: A retrospective review of 143 consecutive patients diagnosed with Charcot arthropathy of the foot from January 2004 to May 2011 was performed. Patients were identified based on a clinical diagnosis code 713.5 during an outpatient clinic visit with 2 surgeons at a single institution. After exclusion criteria were applied, a series of radiographs of 50 feet in 40 patients were compared with radiographs from an age-matched control group. Radiographic data including talonavicular coverage angle and talonavicular uncoverage percentage were collected. Results: The mean talonavicular coverage angle of the Charcot arthropathy group was 1.5 degrees and of the control group 12.1 degrees ( P < .05). The talonavicular uncoverage value for the Charcot arthropathy group was 12.2% and for the control group 22.0% ( P < .001). Conclusions: Medial navicular subluxation was a radiographic finding that was more commonly present in patients with Charcot arthropathy than in a matched control group. It is theorized that this finding is attributable to an unopposed pull of the posterior tibial tendon on the destabilized navicular. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Limited utility of current MRI criteria for distinguishing multiple sclerosis from common mimickers: primary and secondary CNS vasculitis, lupus and Sjogren’s syndrome
Authors: Kim Susan S , Richman David P , Johnson Wesley O , Hald John K , Agius Mark A 
Published: June 2013

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria play an important role in making an earlier diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients presenting with clinically isolated syndrome. Objective: The objective of this paper is to determine whether MRI criteria may be used to distinguish MS from primary and secondary central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis, lupus, and Sjogren’s syndrome. Methods: MRI criteria were applied retrospectively to images for patients with clinically definite MS (CDMS), primary CNS vasculitis, secondary CNS vasculitis, and autoimmune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjogren’s syndrome. Classical statistics and Bayesian analyses were performed. Results: Overall modified Barkhof’s MRI criteria were statistically significant in distinguishing CDMS (60%) from SLE/Sjogren’s syndrome (17%, p = 0.0173) but not in distinguishing CDMS from primary CNS vasculitis (50%, p = 0.7376) or secondary CNS vasculitis (58%, p = 1.0000). Four of the five other MRI criteria tested were demonstrated to be superior to modified Barkhof’s criteria in predicting MS: nine or more T2 lesions (a component of Barkhof’s criteria), one or more ovoid periventricular T2 lesions, one or more perpendicular periventricular T2 lesions, and one or more T2 lesions larger than 6 mm. Conclusions: MRI criteria, including the modified Barkhof’s criteria, were unsuccessful in distinguishing MS from primary CNS vasculitis or secondary CNS vasculitis and mildly successful in distinguishing MS from SLE/Sjogren’s syndrome.
The association between health care spending and quality of care for stroke patients in Japan
Authors: Lee Jason , Morishima Toshitaka , Park Sungchul , Otsubo Tetsuya , Ikai Hiroshi , Imanaka Yuichi 
Published: June 2013

Objective To elucidate the association between health care spending and the quality of care in ischaemic stroke patients in Kyoto prefecture, Japan. Methods Municipalities in Kyoto were categorized into quartiles based on age–sex adjusted spending for ischaemic stroke admissions. We used logistic regression models to analyse if patients from lower spending municipalities were less likely to obtain high-quality care. The sample consisted of patients admitted to hospitals in Kyoto prefecture due to ischaemic stroke between February 2009 and March 2010. Quality measures included process indicators such as diagnostic tests, recommended medications, and rehabilitation services; and outcome measures of in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality rates. Results Mean health care spending per patient ranged from 9749 US dollars (USD) to USD 14,303 from the lowest to highest municipalities. Patients from municipalities in the lowest spending quartile were significantly associated with poorer performance in the majority of the process indicators but had similar mortality rates to patients from high-spending municipalities. Conclusions Spending was found to be unevenly associated with the quality of care provided and may be indicative of an insufficient provision of resources and specialist expertise in the lower spending municipalities. Further efforts must be made to improve the quality of care in lower spending regions in Japan.
Pure plays and hybrids: Acute trust management profile and capacity
Authors: Buchanan David 
Published: June 2013

Objectives To identify the management populations of acute hospitals, and to consider how the composition of this critical but criticized group affects managerial capacity. Methods A multi-method study of six acute trusts, involving 1200 managers in setup interviews, focus groups and a survey. Interviews with senior managers identified the key middle management groups in their trusts. The workforce information offices at two trusts estimated the management numbers from their databases. The findings were compared with the NHS Information Centre data on the number of ‘managers and senior managers’ across the service. Results The management population of an acute trust includes ‘pure plays’, whose roles are mainly managerial, and ‘hybrids’, whose roles combine managerial and clinical duties. Together, pure plays and hybrids comprise around 30% of staff in an acute trust, and even this may be an underestimate. Hybrid managers typically outnumber pure plays by four to one. NHS Information Centre data indicate that only 3% of all NHS employees are ‘managers and senior managers’. Conclusions In a climate of cost reductions and radical change, acute trusts have challenging management agendas. Policy to ‘cut management’, if focused on pure plays, increases the managerial burden on hybrids, diluting their clinical focus, and potentially jeopardizing the change agenda along with quality and safety of patient care. To strengthen management capacity, acute trust leadership and management development programmes must target the full ‘hybrids and pure plays’ population, and particularly hybrids who comprise the majority.
Environmentally sustainable health and social care: Scoping review and implications for the English NHS
Authors: Naylor Chris , Appleby John 
Published: June 2013

Objectives To review the evidence on environmental sustainability in health and social care, describe what the implications of sustainability might be for service models and policy, and explore the connection between environmental and financial sustainability. Methods Literature review of 78 published articles and qualitative analysis of 28 semi-structured interviews. Results Provision of health and social care has a substantial impact on the environment, and opportunities exist at a number of levels to deliver services in a more sustainable way. While there is some scope to improve efficiency at the operational level, significant improvements in sustainability may require a more fundamental transformation in service models, for example, with a stronger emphasis on prevention. The current policy framework in England is perceived to create a number of barriers that discourage professionals from redesigning services in ways which could promote both environmental and financial sustainability. Conclusions Increasingly, health and social care will need to be delivered in ways that are not only financially sustainable, but environmentally sustainable too. Close conceptual connections exist with improving productivity – focusing on cost-effectiveness, value and prevention of avoidable activity could enhance sustainability from both an environmental and a financial perspective. Priorities for health care organisations could include prevention, exploring the opportunities presented by new technologies, and improving medicines management and prescribing practices. Policy-makers need to explore what changes are needed to create a more enabling environment, as well as how existing policies can be delivered in the most sustainable way.
Vascular angiotensin II type 2 receptor attenuates atherosclerosis via a kinin/NO-dependent mechanism
Authors: Takata Hiroki , Yamada Hiroyuki , Kawahito Hiroyuki , Kishida Sou , Irie Daisuke , Kato Taku , Wakana Noriyuki , Miyagawa Sonoko , Fukui Kensuke , Matsubara Hiroaki 
Published: June 2013

Introduction: The angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor exerts pro-atherogenic action by augmenting oxidative stress, whereas the Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2)-mediated effect on atherosclerosis remains controversial. Materials and methods: AT2 transgenic (AT2-Tg) mice, which overexpress AT2 in their vascular smooth muscle cells, were crossed with apoE-deficient (apoE-/-) mice to generate AT2 transgenic apoE-/- mice (AT2-Tg/apoE-/-). Results: A subpressor dose of Ang II infusion exaggerated atherosclerosis development in apoE-/- mice, which was markedly suppressed in AT2-Tg/apoE-/- mice. Inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (L-NAME) or bradykinin type 2 receptor completely abolished AT2-mediated anti-atherogenic actions. The vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression levels and degree of monocyte/macrophage accumulation in the intima were also considerably reduced in AT2-Tg/apoE-/- mice; these phenomena were completely reversed by L-NAME treatment. Ang II infusion significantly enhanced the accumulation of dihydroethidium-positive mononuclear cells in the intima and mRNA expression levels of Nox2, a phagocytic cell-type NADPH oxidase subunit in apoE-/- mice, which was completely inhibited in AT2-Tg/apoE-/- mice. Conclusions: Vascular AT2 stimulation exerts anti-atherogenic actions in an endothelial kinin/NO-dependent manner, and its anti-oxidative effect is likely to be exerted by inhibiting the accumulation of superoxide-producing mononuclear leukocytes.
Isolated Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty of the Profunda Femoris Artery for Limb Ischemia
Authors: Davies Robert S. M. , Rashid Sidi H. , Adair William , Bolia Amman , Fishwick Guy , McCarthy Mark J. , Sayers Robert D. 
Published: June 2013

Objective: To compare the outcome of endovascular profunda femoral artery revascularization (ePFR) with ePFR and concurrent endovascular femoropopliteal revascularization (eFPR). Methods: A retrospective review of the consecutive patients with PFA and femoropopliteal vaso-occulsive disease who underwent ePFR or ePFR + eFPR for severe limb ischemia was performed. Results: A total of 18 ePFRs and 26 ePFR + eFPRs were performed; 17 (94%) ePFRs and 22 (85%) ePFR + eFPRs were technically successful. The 12-month survival free from amputation and reintervention rates following isolated ePFR were 78% and 72%, respectively, and following ePFR + eFPR were 96% and 81%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the survival free from amputation ( P = .4) or reintervention ( P = .91) rates between the 2 groups. Conclusion: These contemporary data suggest isolated ePFRs and ePFR + eFPRs are associated with good and comparable early limb salvage rates.
A Survey of a Small Sample of Emergency Department and Admitted Patients Asking Whether They Expect to Be Tested for HIV Routinely
Authors: McAfee Lisa , Tung Chester , Espinosa-Silva Yaminah , Rahman Munira , Fatima Khuteja , Clark Ryan , Wang Zhijun , Pearce Daniel 
Published: June 2013

Objectives: Many US HIV-positive patients are unaware of their infection. Although there are multiple studies assessing the acceptance of testing, there are none that assess the patient’s expectations of routine HIV testing. Methods: Through a prospective, cross-sectional, unfunded, convenience sample survey, we assessed the patient’s expectation of testing at a regional medical center serving an indigent population. Also, we compared the providers’ predictions of the proportion of patients expecting a test. Results: Of the 69 patients, 23% expected a test. The only factor that correlated with this was their desire to be tested ( P = .004). Providers’ (N = 59) mean prediction was that 21% of the patients expected a test (range: 0%-100%). The proportion of emergency department (ED) patients wanting a test was 52% (of 30) and internal medicine inpatients were 44% (of 39). Conclusions: Nearly a quarter of patients expected routine HIV testing. This finding should encourage a review of policies promoting HIV testing, especially within the ED.
A far downstream enhancer for murine Bcl11b controls its T-cell specific expression
Authors: Li Long , Zhang Jingli A. , Dose Marei , Kueh Hao Yuan , Mosadeghi Ruzbeh , Gounari Fotini , Rothenberg Ellen V. 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
A conserved enhancer, needed for Bcl11b expression in early T cells and developmentally activated in parallel with it, lies 850 kb downstream. This enhancer binds TCF-1 and loops to the differentially methylated Bcl11b promoter to mediate lineage-specific activation and silencing.
Runx3 deficiency results in myeloproliferative disorder in aged mice
Authors: Wang Chelsia Qiuxia , Motoda Lena , Satake Masanobu , Ito Yoshiaki , Taniuchi Ichiro , Tergaonkar Vinay , Osato Motomi 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
Runx3 conditional knockout mice develop a myeloproliferative disorder when aged. Runx3-deficient cells show hypersensitivity to G-CSF.
STAT3 mediates oncogenic addiction to TEL-AML1 in t(12;21) acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Mangolini Maurizio , de Boer Jasper , Walf-Vorderwülbecke Vanessa , Pieters Rob , den Boer Monique L. , Williams Owen 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
STAT3 activity is necessary for TEL-AML1 leukemia maintenance. TEL-AML1 induces STAT3 activation via RAC1 and leading to induction of MYC expression.
Salmonella engineered to express CD20-targeting antibodies and a drug-converting enzyme can eradicate human lymphomas
Authors: Massa Paul E. , Paniccia Aida , Monegal Ana , de Marco Ario , Rescigno Maria 
Published: June 2013

Key PointsSalmonella is engineered to specifically infect tumor cells based on recognition of a tumor antigen by a bacterial-expressed antibody. Once inside, Salmonella can transfer cytotoxic cargos to destroy human tumors even in the absence of an adaptive immune response.
Expression of the secondary granule proteins major basic protein 1 (MBP-1) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) is required for eosinophilopoiesis in mice
Authors: Doyle Alfred D. , Jacobsen Elizabeth A. , Ochkur Sergei I. , McGarry Michael P. , Shim Kevin G. , Nguyen David T. C. , Protheroe Cheryl , Colbert Dana , Kloeber Jake , Neely Joseph , Shim Kelly P. , Dyer Kimberly D. , Rosenberg Helene F. , Lee James J. , Lee Nancy A. 
Published: June 2013

Key PointsThe loss of the two most abundant eosinophil granule proteins disrupts the production of blood eosinophils from marrow progenitors. Knockout animals deficient for both MBP-1 and EPX represent a novel strain of mice with a specific and congenital loss of eosinophils.
Abdominal aortic calcification is not superior over other vascular calcification in predicting mortality in hemodialysis patients: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Hong Daqing , Wu Shukun , Pu Lei , Wang Fang , Wang Junru , Wang Zhengtong , Gao Hui , Zhang Yue , Deng Fei , Li Guisen , He Qiang , Wang Li 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) guidelines recommend that a lateral abdominal radiograph should be performed to assess vascular calcification (VC) in dialysis patients. However, abdominal aortic calcification is a prevalent finding, and it remains unclear whether other anatomical areas of VC can predict mortality more accurately.

Methods
A total of 217 maintenance hemodialysis patients were enrolled at the Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital between July 2010 and March 2011. Radiographs of the abdomen, pelvis and hands were evaluated by a radiologist to evaluate the presence of VC. The correlation between different areas of VC and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality was analyzed using univariate and multivariate models.

Results
The prevalence of VC was 70.0% (152 patients), and most had abdominal aortic calcification (90.1%). During 26 ± 7 months of follow-up, 37 patients died. The VC score was independently associated with patient mortality. VC observed on abdominal radiographs (abdominal aortic calcification) was associated with all-cause mortality in models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors (HR, 4.69; 95%CI, 1.60-13.69) and dialysis factors (HR, 3.38; 95%CI, 1.18-9.69). VC in the pelvis or hands was associated with all-cause mortality in the model adjusted for dialysis factors. When three combinations of VC in different radiographs were included in models, the presence of abdominal VC was only significantly associated with all-cause mortality in the integrated model. VC in the abdomen and pelvis was associated with all-cause mortality in the model adjusted for cardiovascular factors and the integrated model, but neither was significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality. VC in all radiographs was significantly associated with a more than 6-fold risk of all-cause mortality and a more than 5-fold risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to patients without VC.

Conclusions
VC in different arteries as shown on radiographs is associated with different levels of risk for mortality. The lateral abdominal radiograph may not be superior to other radiographs for predicting patient outcomes. Further research is needed to elucidate the effects of difference burdens of VC on patient outcomes.
Infections in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia: from the canadian infections in acute myeloid leukemia research group
Authors: Cellot Sonia , Johnston Donna , Dix David , Ethier Marie-Chantal , Gillmeister Biljana , Mitchell David , Yanofsky Rochelle , Lewis Victor , Portwine Carol , Price Victoria , Zelcer Shayna , Silva Mariana , Bowes Lynette , Michon Bruno , Stobart Kent , Brossard Josee , Beyene Joseph , Sung Lillian 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
It is not known whether children with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have an infection risk similar to non- APL acute myeloid leukemia. The objective was to describe infectious risk in children with newly diagnosed APL and to describe factors associated with these infections.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study that included children ≤ 18 years of age with de novo APL treated at 15 Canadian centers. Thirty-three children with APL were included; 78.8% were treated with APL -specific protocols.

Results
Bacterial sterile site infection occurred in 12 (36.4%) and fungal sterile site infection occurred in 2 (6.1%) children. Of the 127 chemotherapy courses, 101 (79.5%) were classified as intensive and among these, the proportion in which a sterile site microbiologically documented infection occurred was 14/101 (13.9%). There was one infection-related death.

Conclusions
One third of children with APL experienced at least one sterile site bacterial infection throughout treatment and 14% of intensive chemotherapy courses were associated with a microbiologically documented sterile site infection. Infection rates in pediatric APL may be lower compared to non- APL acute myeloid leukemia although these children may still benefit from aggressive supportive care during intensive chemotherapy.
Relapsed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma with acquired expression of CD20: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Banz Yara , Krasniqi Fatime , Dirnhofer Stephan , Tzankov Alexander 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma is one of the most common types of peripheral T-cell lymphomas, usually presenting at an older age with an aggressive clinical course. Its characteristic morphological presentation and follicular helper T-cell phenotype help to distinguish it from other T-cell lymphomas.

Case presentation
We recently encountered the unique case of a 63-year old patient with relapsed tumour-cell rich angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, presenting with a “classical” phenotype and, in addition, an acquired, strong, aberrant expression of CD20.
“Lineage infidelity” of phenotypic markers is a well-documented phenomenon in lymphomas and leukemias, a circumstance currently still poorly understood and with the potential to bring about erroneous interpretations, causing diagnostic havoc. This case represents one of the few documented angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas with strong CD20 expression. Of interest, CD20 expression was only detected in the recurrent lymphoma and not upon initial diagnosis. The clinical importance of this finding lies in the potential for treatment with an anti-CD20 antibody, for instance Rituximab, in addition to standard chemotherapy protocols for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Conclusion
Diagnostic work-up of lymphomas to determine their lineage should therefore consider morphology, pheno- as well as genotypic characteristics, where appropriate, and in particular signs of progression and change in marker profile in relapsed cases e.g. acquisition of “non-lineage” markers such as CD20 in T-cell lymphoma.