bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a 15‐item Care‐related Regret Coping Scale for Health‐care Professionals (RCS‐HCP)
Authors: Courvoisier Delphine Sophie , Cullati Stephane , Ouchi Rieko , Schmidt Ralph Eric , Haller Guy , Chopard Pierre , Agoritsas Thomas , Perneger Thomas V. 
Published: September 2014

Validation of a 15‐item Care‐related Regret Coping Scale for Health‐care Professionals (RCS‐HCP): Delphine Sophie COURVOISIER, et al. Department of Psychology, Harvard University, USA—ObjectivesCoping with difficult care‐related situations is a common challenge for health‐care professionals. How these professionals deal with the regrets they may experience following one of the many decisions and interventions they must make every day can have an impact on their own health and quality of life, and also on their patient care practices. To identify professionals most at need for extra support, development and validation of a tool measuring coping style are needed.MethodsWe performed a survey of physicians and nurses of a French‐speaking University hospital; 469 healthcare professionals responded to the survey, and 175 responded to the same survey one‐month later. Regret was assessed with the regret coping scale developed for this study, self‐report questions on the frequency of regretted situations and the intensity of regret. Construct validity was assessed using measures of health‐care professionals' quality of life (including job and life satisfaction, and self‐reported health) as well as sleep problems and depression.ResultsBased on factor analysis and item response analysis, the initial 31‐item scale was shortened to 15 items, which measured three types of strategies: problem‐focused strategies (i.e., trying to find solutions, talking to colleagues) and two types of emotion‐focused strategies, A (i.e., self‐blame, rumination) and B (e.g., acceptance, emotional distance). All subscales showed high internal consistency (α>0.85). Overall, as expected, problem‐focused and emotion‐focused B strategies correlated with higher quality of life, fewer sleep problems and less depression, and emotion‐focused A strategies showed the opposite pattern.ConclusionsThe regret coping scale (RCS‐HCP) is a valid and reliable measure of coping abilities of hospital‐based health‐care professionals.
Sb2S3/SnSe thin film solar cells by thermal evaporation
Authors: Escorcia-García José , Barrios-Salgado Enue , Nair M.T.S. , Nair P.K. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTWe report a stable CdS/Sb2S3/SnSe heterojunction thin film solar cell deposited on SnO2:F (FTO) – coated glass substrates. Thermal evaporation at 10-5 Torr with substrate temperature of 400 °C was used to deposit Sb2S3 and SnSe thin films of 450 nm and 160 nm, respectively. Thin film Sb2S3 has an optical band gap (Eg) of 1.48 eV and photoconductivity (σp) of 4x10-7 Ω-1 cm-1 and thin film SnSe has an Eg of 1.28 eV and σp of 2 Ω-1 cm-1. The chemically deposited CdS thin film heated at 400 °C shows an Eg of 2.34 eV and σp of 0.1 Ω-1 cm-1. Stabilized solar cell structures with these thin films, FTO/CdS/Sb2S3/SnSe/C-Ag, showed open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.60 V, short circuit current density (Jsc) of 5.51 mA/cm2 and power conversion efficiency (η) of 0.96% with a fill factor FF of 0.29. In the absence of the SnSe layer, Jsc decreases to 4.77 mA/cm2.
Silver antimony sulfide-selenide for thin film solar cells
Authors: Capistrán-Martínez Jesús , Nair M.T.S , Nair P.K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThin films of AgSbS2 (150 nm) are prepared (75 min at 40 °C) via chemical deposition using a solution mixture containing SbCl3, Na2S2O3 and AgNO3. As-deposited films are amorphous. When they are heated in nitrogen at 180-320 °C, crystalline cubic-AgSbS2 films are formed. They show an optical band gap 1.89 eV and photoconductivity 1.8x10-5 Ω-1cm-1. Silver antimony sulfide-selenide film, AgSb(SxSe1-x)2, is produced from the initial amorphous film when it is heated in presence of Se-vapor. XRD analysis confirms the formation of solid solution AgSbS1.25Se0.75 or AgSbSe2 depending on the extent of Se-vapor available during heating. SnO2:F/CdS/AgSbS2/C solar cell shows Voc 610 mV, Jsc 0.88 mA/cm2,FF 0.53 and η 0.28%. In SnO2:F/CdS/Sb2S3/AgSb(SxSe1-x)2/C solar cell, Voc is 582 mV, Jsc 0.99 mA/cm2, FF 0.51 and η 0.29%.
Effects of Annealing on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanowires
Authors: Mazady Anas , Rivera Abdiel , Anwar Mehdi 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTWe report, for the first time, effects of annealing of ZnO NWs grown on p-Si substrates. ZnO NWs are grown using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and thermal annealing was performed in situ under nitrogen ambient at different stages of the growth process. Increasing the annealing temperature of the ZnO seed epi-layer from 635 °C to 800 °C does not affect the morphology of the grown NWs. In contrast, annealing the NWs themselves at 800 °C results in a 48% decrease of the surface area to volume ratio of the grown NWs. The optical quality can be improved by annealing the seed layer at a higher temperature of 800 °C, although annealing the NWs themselves does not affect the defect density.
Cobalt oxide-tungsten oxide nanowire heterostructures: Fabrication and characterization
Authors: Chopra Nitin , Li Yuan , Kumar Kuldeep 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTNanowire heterostructures comprised of cobalt oxide and tungsten oxide were fabricated in a core/shell configuration. This was achieved by sputter coating tungsten oxide shells on standing cobalt oxide nanowires on a substrate. To ensure the polycrystallinity of tungsten oxide shell, the nanowire heterostructures were subjected to post-sputtering annealing process. The cobalt oxide nanowires for this study were grown employing a thermal method via vapor-solid growth mechanism. The crystal structures, morphologies, dimensions, and phases at various growth stages of nanowire heterostructures were studied using high resolution electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods. The interfaces of these nanowire heterostructures were also studied and showed variation in the lattice spacing across the heterostructure diameter. Results indicated that the cobalt oxide nanowires survived multiple processing steps and resulted in stable heterostructure configurations. The investigation shows, for the first time, a dry processing route for the formation of such novel nanowire heterostructures.
Photoactivated Metal-Oxide Gas Sensing Nanomesh by Using Nanosphere Lithography
Authors: Ho Yu-Hsuan , Lin Tsu-Hung , Chen Yi-Wen , Tian Wei-Cheng , Wei Pei-Kuen , Sheen Horn-Jiunn 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTA photoactivated ZnO nanomesh with precisely controlled dimensions and geometries is fabricated by using nanosphere lithography process. The nanomesh structures effectively increase the surface-to-volume ratio to improve the sensing response under the same testing gas. And the periodical nanostructures also increase the effective light path and lead to more efficient light activation for gas sensing. With the increase of the photoinduced oxygen ions by UV illumination, a distinguished sensing response is observed at room temperature. In the optimized case, the sensing response (△R/R0) of the ZnO nanomesh at the butanol concentration of 500 ppm is 97.5%, which is 4.54 times higher than the unpatterned one.
Synthesis of Imprinted Polysiloxanes for Immobilization of Metal ions
Authors: Mujahid Adnan , Amin Faisal , Hussain Tajamal , Iqbal Naseer , Shah Asma Tufail , Afzal Adeel 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTImprinting is a well-established technique to induce recognition features in both organic and inorganic materials for a variety of target analytes. In this study, ion imprinted polysiloxanes with varying percentage of coupling agent i.e. 3-chloro propyl trimethoxy silane (CPTM) were synthesized by sol-gel method for imprinting of Cr3+. The imprinting of Cr3+ in cross-linked siloxane network was investigated by FT-IR which indicates the metal ion is coordinated with oxygen atoms of polysiloxanes. SEM images revealed that imprinted polysiloxanes possess uniform particles of submicron size. It was experienced that by increasing the concentration of CPTM up to 10% (v/v) substantially improves the binding capacity of polysiloxanes which allows us to recognized Cr3+ down to 50µg/L. Furthermore, the selectivity of Cr3+-imprinted polysiloxanes was evaluated by treating them with other competing metal ions of same concentration i.e. Cr6+, Pb2+ and Ni2+. In this regard, polysiloxanes showed much higher binding for imprint ion i.e. Cr3+ in comparison to above mentioned metal ions. Finally, the regenerated polysiloxanes were studied in order to reuse them thus, developing cost effective biomimetic sensor coatings.
An Analytic Toolbox for Simulated Filament Networks
Authors: Pandolfi Ronald J. , Edwards Lauren , Hirst Linda S. 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTSemi-flexible polymer networks generate a diverse family of structures. The network generating behaviors of specific semi-flexible biological filaments are well known (i.e. F-actin, microtubules, DNA etc.), however recent developments in tunable synthetic filaments extend the range of accessible structures. A similarly tunable model was developed using the molecular dynamics platform NAMD to provide a guide for generating synthetic filament networks. Structural characteristics of simulated networks may be quantitatively examined using connectivity analysis, radial pair distribution functions and scaling analysis. These methods provide a basis to calculate morphological properties, including mesh size, packing order, network connectivity, avg. cluster size, filaments per bundle, and space-filling dimensionality. An analytic toolset for describing the structure of filament networks is thus provided by detailing these methods.
Ion-Beam Modification of Colloidal Silica Particle Masks to Tailor the Size of Ordered Arrays of Ag Nanostructures Produced by Nanosphere Lithography
Authors: Reséndiz Eder , Morales Ulises , Salinas Cecilia , Graniel Octavio , López L.M. , Cheang-Wong Juan-Carlos 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTSpherical submicrometer-sized silica particles were prepared by the sol-gel method and deposited as a monolayer onto silicon wafers, in order to use them as a mask to create regular arrays of nanoscale surface features. Thus, by e-gun evaporation of a 50 nm thick Ag film through the silica mask, Ag nanostructures were obtained after removal of the silica monolayer. In order to tailor the mask characteristics (size and interparticle spacing), the silica masks were irradiated at room temperature with 4 and 6 MeV Si ions at different fluences up to 5×1015 ion/cm2, perpendicularly to the sample surface. After the irradiation the silica particles turned into oblate particles, as a result of the increase of the particle dimension perpendicular to the ion beam and the decrease in the parallel direction. By this way, the mask openings of the silica particle monolayer were modified as a function of the irradiation parameters, and the subsequent Ag e-gun evaporation allowed the formation of ordered arrays of Ag features. The size, shape and interparticle spacing of both the silica particles and the Ag deposits were determined by scanning electron microscopy.
Ventriculolumbar Perfusion Chemotherapy With Methotrexate for Treating Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis: A Phase II Study
Authors: Gwak Ho-Shin , Joo Jungnam , Shin Sang-Hoon , Yoo Heon , Han Ji-Youn , Kim Heung Tae , Yun Tak , Ro Jungsil , Lee Jin Soo , Lee Seung Hoon 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background.
The efficacy of ventriculolumbar perfusion (VLP) chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX) was evaluated for treatment of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC).

Methods.
The primary outcome was the response rate of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), which was available for comparison from historical data on conventional intraventricular chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints were response rates of other LMC symptoms and overall survival of patients. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) premixed with MTX was continuously perfused intraventricularly through a preinstalled intraventricular reservoir and drained via lumbar catheter for 72 hours. The VLP was repeated twice at 3-day intervals for each cycle.

Results.
Forty-five of 65 patients had increased ICP, and 32 patients (71%) showed response after VLP chemotherapy, including 31 patients with normalization of ICP. Altered mentation improved in 7 of 21 patients (33%). Cauda equina symptoms responded in 5 of 27 patients (19%), including 4 patients who became ambulatory from a bedridden state. Median overall survival was 187 days, and the 1-year survival rate was 27%. All side effects, including nausea, vomiting, confusion, and sleep disturbance, were tolerable and transient except for two cases of CSF infection.

Conclusion.
VLP chemotherapy with MTX provided better control of increased ICP, improved symptom response, and prolonged survival at a cost of acceptable toxicity in patients with LMC.
Preoperative Chemotherapy in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Rectal Adenocarcinoma Selected by High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging: The GEMCAD 0801 Phase II Multicenter Trial
Authors: Fernandez-Martos Carlos , Brown Gina , Estevan Rafael , Salud Antonieta , Montagut Clara , Maurel Joan , Safont Maria Jose , Aparicio Jorge , Feliu Jaime , Vera Ruth , Alonso Vicente , Gallego Javier , Martin Marta , Pera Miguel , Sierra Enrique , Serra Javier , Delgado Salvadora , Roig Jose V. , Santos Jesus , Pericay Carles 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background.
The need for preoperative chemoradiation or short-course radiation in all T3 rectal tumors is a controversial issue. A multicenter phase II trial was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin combined with bevacizumab in patients with intermediate-risk rectal adenocarcinoma.

Methods.
We recruited 46 patients with T3 rectal adenocarcinoma selected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) who were candidates for (R0) resection located in the middle third with clear mesorectal fascia and who were selected by pelvic MRI. Patients received four cycles of neoadjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin combined with bevacizumab (final cycle without bevacizumab) before total mesorectal excision (TME). In case of progression, preoperative chemoradiation was planned. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR).

Results.
On an intent-to-treat analysis, the ORR was 78% (n = 36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 63%–89%) and no progression was detected. Pathologic complete response was observed in nine patients (20%; 95% CI: 9–33), and T downstaging was observed in 48%. Forty-four patients proceeded to TME, and all had R0 resection. During preoperative therapy, two deaths occurred as a result of pulmonary embolism and diarrhea, respectively, and one patient died after surgery as a result of peritonitis secondary to an anastomotic leak (AL). A 13% rate of AL was higher than expected. The 24-month disease-free survival rate was 75% (95% CI: 60%–85%), and the 2-year local relapse rate was 2% (95% CI: 0%–11%).

Conclusion.
In this selected population, initial chemotherapy results in promising activity, but the observed toxicity does not support further investigation of this specific regimen. Nevertheless, these early results warrant further testing of this strategy in an enriched population and in randomized trials.
Making Each Other’s Daily Life: Nurse Assistants’ Experiences and Knowledge on Developing a Meaningful Daily Life in Nursing Homes
Authors: James Inger , Fredriksson Carin , Wahlström Catrin , Kihlgren Annica , Blomberg Karin 
Published: September 2014

Background
In a larger action research project, guidelines were generated for how a meaningful daily life could be developed for older persons. In this study, we focused on the nurse assistants’ (NAs) perspectives, as their knowledge is essential for a well-functioning team and quality of care. The aim was to learn from NAs’ experiences and knowledge about how to develop a meaningful daily life for older persons in nursing homes and the meaning NAs ascribe to their work.

Methods
The project is based on Participatory and Appreciative Action and Reflection. Data were generated through interviews, participating observations and informal conversations with 27 NAs working in nursing homes in Sweden, and a thematic analysis was used.

Result
NAs developed a meaningful daily life by sensing and finding the “right” way of being (Theme 1). They sense and read the older person in order to judge how the person was feeling (Theme 2). They adapt to the older person (Theme 3) and share their daily life (Theme 4). NAs use emotional involvement to develop a meaningful daily life for the older person and meaning in their own work (Theme 5), ultimately making each other’s daily lives meaningful.

Conclusion
It was obvious that NAs based the development of a meaningful daily life on different forms of knowledge: theoretical and practical knowledge, and practical wisdom, all of which are intertwined. These results could be used within the team to constitute a meaningful daily life for older persons in nursing homes.
A brief introduction to cone penetration testing (CPT) in frozen geomaterials
Authors: McCallum Adrian 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe cone penetration test has been successfully used to classify soil for ∼100 years. However, it has received only limited contemporary use in frozen geomaterials. The historical and contemporary use of the cone penetration test in various frozen geomaterials is considered here and contemporary data from recent work in polar snow are examined. It is probable that many material physical properties (e.g. density, strength and microstructure) can be obtained directly from cone penetration testing. It appears under-utilized as a contemporary scientific and engineering investigative tool in frozen geomaterials.
Transient Low-Dose Methotrexate Generates B Regulatory Cells That Mediate Antigen-Specific Tolerance to Alglucosidase Alfa
Authors: Joly Marguerite S. , Martin Roderick P. , Mitra-Kaushik Shibani , Phillips Lucy , D’Angona Alida , Richards Susan M. , Joseph Alexandra M. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Biologic drugs, including enzyme-replacement therapies, can elicit anti-drug Abs (ADA) that may interfere with drug efficacy and impact patient safety. In an effort to control ADA, we focused on identifying regimens of immune tolerance induction that may be readily available for clinical use. Data generated in both wild-type mice and a Pompe disease mouse model demonstrate that single-cycle, low-dose methotrexate can be as effective as three cycles of methotrexate in providing a long-lived reduction in alglucosidase alfa-specific ADA. In addition, we show that methotrexate induces Ag-specific tolerance as mice generate similar Ab responses to an irrelevant Ag regardless of prior methotrexate treatment. Methotrexate-induced immune tolerance does not seem to involve cell depletion, but rather a specific expansion of IL-10– and TGF-β–secreting B cells that express Foxp3, suggesting an induction of regulatory B cells. The mechanism of immune tolerance induction appears to be IL-10 dependent, as methotrexate does not induce immune tolerance in IL-10 knockout mice. Splenic B cells from animals that have been tolerized to alglucosidase alfa with methotrexate can transfer tolerance to naive hosts. We hypothesize that methotrexate induction treatment concomitant with initial exposure to the biotherapeutic can induce Ag-specific immune tolerance in mice through a mechanism that appears to involve the induction of regulatory B cells.
IL-17A Enhances the Expression of Profibrotic Genes through Upregulation of the TGF-β Receptor on Hepatic Stellate Cells in a JNK-Dependent Manner
Authors: Fabre Thomas , Kared Hassen , Friedman Scott L. , Shoukry Naglaa H. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a key event in the initiation of liver fibrosis, characterized by enhanced extracellular matrix production and altered degradation. Activation of HSCs can be modulated by cytokines produced by immune cells. Recent reports have implicated the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17A in liver fibrosis progression. We hypothesized that IL-17A may enhance activation of HSCs and induction of the fibrogenic signals in these cells. The human HSC line LX2 and primary human HSCs were stimulated with increasing doses of IL-17A and compared with TGF-β– and PBS-treated cells as positive and negative controls, respectively. IL-17A alone did not induce activation of HSCs. However, IL-17A sensitized HSCs to the action of suboptimal doses of TGF-β as confirmed by strong induction of α–smooth muscle actin, collagen type I (COL1A1), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase I gene expression and protein production. IL-17A specifically upregulated the cell surface expression of TGF-βRII following stimulation. Pretreatment of HSCs with IL-17A enhanced signaling through TGF-βRII as observed by increased phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 in response to stimulation with suboptimal doses of TGF-β. This enhanced TGF-β response of HSCs induced by IL-17A was JNK-dependent. Our results suggest a novel profibrotic function for IL-17A by enhancing the response of HSCs to TGF-β through activation of the JNK pathway. IL-17A acts through upregulation and stabilization of TGF-βRII, leading to increased SMAD2/3 signaling. These findings represent a novel example of cooperative signaling between an immune cytokine and a fibrogenic receptor.
Dissecting the Contribution of IgG Subclasses in Restricting Airway Infection with Legionella pneumophila
Authors: Weber Stefan S. , Ducry Jasmin , Oxenius Annette 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Abs are able to mediate local protection from pulmonary infection with Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of a severe form of pneumonia known as Legionnaires’ disease. L. pneumophila is able to infect alveolar macrophages in the lung and replicates intracellularly in a vacuolar compartment with endoplasmic reticulum–like characteristics. However, Abs opsonize the bacteria and confer an FcR-mediated signal to phagocytic host cells that vetoes the bacterial evasion strategies, thereby efficiently targeting the bacteria to intracellular lysosomal degradation. In this study we analyzed the prevalence of pathogen-specific IgG subclasses present in immunized mice and found that the presence of IgG2c and IgG3 correlated with reduced bacterial titers after intranasal infection. We then isolated different IgG subclasses and compared their differential prophylactic potential in restricting airway L. pneumophila replication. We found that all IgG subclasses were effective in restricting pulmonary airway infection in mice when administered at high and equivalent doses. However, at limiting Ab concentrations we found a superior role of IgG2c in restricting L. pneumophila replication in a prophylactic setting. Furthermore, we assessed the therapeutic efficacy of administering an mAb during an established infection and found that bacterial titers could be reduced very efficiently with such a treatment. Thus, we propose the therapeutic use of Abs for the treatment of intracellular bacterial infections in situations where antibiotics might be ineffective.