bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fine‐grained spectrum map inference: A novel approach based on deep residual network
Authors: He Shoushuai , Zhu Lei , Wang Lei , Zeng Weijun , Qin Zhen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpectrum map is a database that stores multidimensional representations of spectrum situation information. It provides support for spectrum sensing and endows wireless communication networks with intelligence. However, the ubiquitous deployment of monitoring devices leads to huge costs of operation and maintenance. It indicates that an approach is needed to reduce the number of monitoring devices, but prevent the degradation of data granularity. Therefore, this paper focuses on the accurate construction of the spectrum map. It aims to infer the fine‐grained spectrum situation of the target region based on coarse‐grained observation. In order to solve this problem, an inference framework based on deep residual network is developed in this paper. In the case of rule deployment for sensing nodes, it adopts the idea of super resolution to improve the accuracy of the spectrum map. The framework is composed of two major parts: an inference network, which generates fine‐grained spectrum maps from coarse‐grained counterparts by using feature extraction module and upsampling construction module; and a fusion network, which considers the influence of environmental factors to further improve the performance. A large number of experiments on simulated datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A fast direct locator for radiation source based on composite convolution neural network
Authors: Gong Chenhao , Zhang Guomei , Li Guobing , Mao Yue 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe high spatial search complexity of the direct positioning method in passive positioning systems leads to long positioning time and high computational resource consumption. In response to this issue, this article proposes a fast localization scheme based on composite convolutional neural networks (CCNN), which can effectively explore the correlation between the position of the radiation source and the characteristics of the received signal. CCNN is a 20‐layer composite network based on fully convolutional network layer, which is composed of convolutional layers, batch normalization (BN) layers, and ReLU activation function layers with unidirectional connections. Then, CCNNs are adjusted and trained for positioning single and multiple radiation sources, respectively. Simulation results show that the computational time of the proposed method can be reduced by nearly 98% compared with the direct positioning scheme. Meanwhile, about 71.2% of positioning error's reduction is achieved.
Mapping gender patterns in “dynamic cultural spaces”: the case of Beijing’s open-air antiques “ghost market” at Panjiayuan
Authors: Liu Guanliang , Cao Peiqing , Sun Ziwen , Han Mo , White Mathew P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the growing recognition of the importance of street vendors and informal markets for urban life and the economy globally, research attention has tended to focus on essential products such as food or clothes and paid less attention to cultural products, such as antiques where potential gender, and other socio-demographic, differences in vending and buying behaviours may systematically differ. To explore these issues, this study employed spatial–temporal behaviour mapping (STBM) and field observations (n = 8587) at Beijing’s Panjiayuan antiques “ghost market” a term reflecting its previously illegal/underground and mobile nature. We monitored four representative sites within the market, four times a day for six consecutive days. The data included five categories of behaviour, four age groups, and two genders. Data were recorded and analysed using ArcGIS. Results showed that, unlike common marketplaces, the antique market is primarily frequented by male vendors and buyers, replicating patterns seen in ancient Chinese paintings of men being involved in the trading of “non-essentials”. Nonetheless, we found differing gender balances depending on the time and day of the week, different age groups, and spatial settings in different market areas. We summarise the nuanced relationships between the emerging gender spatio-temporal behaviour patterns and three key factors, spatial characteristics, physical activities and the social division of labour, in the Chinese context. The study reveals how the varied spatial–temporal patterns of a large antique “ghost market” raise long-established issues of equity and inclusivity and provide empirical insights that could inform decision-making and urban planning, such as better use of dynamic lighting provision to encourage a more gender-balanced experience.
Surface modification of basalt fibers and its effect on the mechanical properties of basalt fiber/epoxy composite laminates
Authors: Hiremath Anupama , Bolar Gururaj , B. R. N. Murthy , Giri Jayant , Alotaibi Rajeh , T Sathish , Iyer Tejas , J. P. Jaideep 
Published: July 2024

Basalt fibers (BFs) are being explored due to their excellent thermo-mechanical properties and commercial value. However, additional surface modifications are needed to improve the interfacial adhesion of the fibers with the matrix. Therefore, the present work explored the applicability of nitric acid, oxalic acid, and silane reagents as surface modification agents. The fibers were subjected to immersion in the chemicals for a varied length of time. The laminates were fabricated using a wet layup process and compression-cured. The developed composites were subjected to mechanical testing to ascertain the effect of the selected surface treatment acids and the treatment duration on the tensile, impact, and flexural strength. Acid treatment was found to be beneficial for improving the mechanical properties of the laminates due to the generation of several functional groups on the surface of the acid-treated fibers. The mechanical properties of the laminate improved for nitric acid treatment in comparison to oxalic acid treatment. With respect to time, the mechanical properties of the laminate improved when nitric acid treatment time was increased to 30 min from 15 min. However, when oxalic acid treatment was performed for 180 min instead of 90 min, there was an observed reduction in the mechanical properties of the laminates. The highest increase in the tensile strength was noted in composites manufactured using fibers subjected to primary acid treatment and secondary silane treatment. Conclusively, nitric acid treatment was most beneficial as it helped improve the tensile, impact, and flexural strength of the BF/epoxy composites.
Amazing – The use of English in texting between a
Finland-Swedish high school girl and friends
Authors: Björklund Martina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The chapter reports findings from a case study of texting
between a Finland-Swedish girl and three constellations of friends. They
were all more or less fluent at least in Swedish, Finnish, and English. When
texting they mostly used Swedish and English, fluidly combining features
from different languages. From a perspective of heteroglossia and
translanguaging the study investigates the role of English features in four
texting spaces, where the shares of English units vary from 8% to 89%. In
all four texting spaces, English units form the majority of exclamations and
emotive evaluations (51%–97%). Different types and quantities of English
features contributed to the differentiation of language use and boosted
group identity and peer bonding in the three constellations.
Temporality in reaction GIFs as multimodal virtual performatives
Authors: Lindholm Loukia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores temporality and virtual
performativity in Graphic Interchange Format images (GIFs), short, looping
image sequences that may include text. Previous studies have shown that GIFs
are decontextualized and recontextualized by users to perform embodied
verbal and non-verbal reactions online. However, the temporal aspect of GIFs
has received less attention from an online communication perspective. The
chapter focuses on reaction GIFs as multimodal virtual performatives on a
Tumblr blog featuring humorous political commentary. The analysis examines
the temporal dimension of these performatives and shows how the Tumblr blog
author exploits the temporal malleability of GIFs to anchor them in the
immediate context of their usage.
Ferroelectric Ceramic Materials Enable High-Performance Organic-Inorganic Composite Electrolytes in Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ma 马 Jing-Yuan 静媛 , Huang 黄 Yu-Li 昱力 , Zhou 周 Han-Jie 晗洁 , Wang 王 Yuan-Yuan 媛媛 , Li 李 Jian-Gang 建刚 , Yu 禹 Xi-Qian 习谦 , Li 李 Hong 泓 , Li 李 Yan 妍 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Compared to commercial lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries can greatly increase the energy density, safety, and cycle life of batteries. The development of solid-state electrolyte with high lithium-ion conductivity and wide electrochemical window is the key for all-solid-state batteries. In this work, we report on the achievement of high ionic conductivity in the PAN/LiClO4/BaTiO3 composite solid electrolyte (CSE) prepared by solution casting method. Our experimental results show that the PAN-based composite polymer electrolyte with 5 wt% BaTiO3 possesses a high room-temperature lithium-ion conductivity (9.85 × 10−4 S⋅cm−1), high lithium-ion transfer number (0.63), wide electrochemical window (4.9 V vs Li+/Li). The Li|Li symmetric battery assembled with 5 wt% BaTiO3 can be stably circulated for 800 h at 0.1 mA⋅cm−2, and the LiFePO4|CSE|Li battery maintains a capacity retention of 86.2% after 50 cycles at a rate of 0.3 C. The influence of BaTiO3 ceramic powder on the properties of PAN-based polymer electrolytes is analyzed. Our results provide a new avenue for future research in the all-solid-state lithium battery technology.
Transiently controlled emission from ZnO surface
Authors: Das Tanmay , Vempati Sesha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We report on a photon (∼3.08 eV equivalent to 402 nm) controlled optical emission from ZnO (10

1
¯

0). Under below band gap excitation (∼2.33 eV equivalent to ∼532 nm), significant photoluminescence (PL) overlapped with Raman response is observed. The broad PL consists of three bands (629 (A), 690 (B), and 751 (C) nm) attributed to the defects arising due to excess zinc and charged oxygen vacancy. By employing a second excitation source at 402 nm, we demonstrate about 50% reduction in the overall PL. We utilize the doubly positive oxygen vacancy state to control the PL emission while transiently reducing its density.
The invariant measure of a walking droplet in hydrodynamic pilot–wave theory
Authors: Nguyen Hung D , Oza Anand U 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the long time statistics of a walker in a hydrodynamic pilot-wave system, which is a stochastic Langevin dynamics with an external potential and memory kernel. While prior experiments and numerical simulations have indicated that the system may reach a statistically steady state, its long-time behavior has not been studied rigorously. For a broad class of external potentials and pilot-wave forces, we construct the solutions as a dynamics evolving on suitable path spaces. Then, under the assumption that the pilot-wave force is dominated by the potential, we demonstrate that the walker possesses a unique statistical steady state. We conclude by presenting an example of such an invariant measure, as obtained from a numerical simulation of a walker in a harmonic potential.
Kinetic recoupling of dark matter
Authors: Lehmann Benjamin V. , Morrison Logan , Profumo Stefano , Smyth Nolan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the possibility that dark matter re-enters kinetic equilibrium with a radiation bath after kinetic decoupling, a scenario we dub kinetic recoupling. This naturally occurs, for instance, with certain types of resonantly-enhanced interactions, or as the result of a phase transition. While late kinetic decoupling damps structure on small scales below a cutoff, kinetic recoupling produces more complex changes in the power spectrum that depend on the nature and extent of the recoupling period. We explore the features that kinetic recoupling imprints upon the matter power spectrum, and discuss how such features can be traced to dark matter microphysics with future observations.
Third-order nonlinear wavelength conversion in chalcogenide glass waveguides towards mid-infrared photonics
Authors: Han 韩 Fengbo 锋博 , Gu 顾 Jiaxin 佳新 , Huang 黄 Lu 璐 , Wang 王 Hang 航 , Huang 黄 Yali 雅莉 , Zhou 周 Xuecheng 学成 , Yu 虞 Shaoliang 绍良 , Luo 罗 Zhengqian 正钱 , Dong 董 Zhipeng 志鹏 , Du 杜 Qingyang 清扬 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The increasing demand in spectroscopy and sensing calls for infrared (mid-IR) light sources. Here, we theoretically investigate nonlinear wavelength conversion of Ge28Sb12Se60 chalcogenide glass waveguide in the mid-IR spectral regime. With waveguide dispersion engineering, we predict generation of over an octave wavelength (2.8 μm–5.9 μm) tuning range Raman soliton self-frequency shift, over 2.5 octaves wavelength cover range supercontinuum (1.2 μm–8.0 μm), as well as single soliton Kerr comb generated in suspended Ge28Sb12Se60 waveguide. Our findings evidenced that Ge28Sb12Se60 chalcogenide glass waveguides can simultaneously satisfy the generation of Raman soliton self-frequency shift, supercontinuum spectrum, and Kerr frequency comb generation through dispersion engineering towards mid-IR on chip.
Optimized numerical density functional theory calculation of rotationally symmetric jellium model systems
Authors: Zhang 张 Guangdi 广迪 , Mao 毛 Li 力 , Xu 徐 Hongxing 红星 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In real space density functional theory calculations, the effective potential depends on the electron density, requiring self-consistent iterations, and numerous integrals at each step, making the process time-consuming. In our research, we propose an optimization method to expedite density functional theory (DFT) calculations for systems with large aspect ratios, such as metallic nanorods, nanowires, or scanning tunneling microscope tips. This method focuses on employing basis set to expand the electron density, Coulomb potential, and exchange–correlation potential. By precomputing integrals and caching redundant results, this expansion streamlines the integration process, significantly accelerating DFT computations. As a case study, we have applied this optimization to metallic nanorod systems of various radii and lengths, obtaining corresponding ground-state electron densities and potentials.
Separation Schemes and Dynamic Analyses on Parallel Stage Separation of Launch Vehicles
Authors: Xu Yahan , Chen Liang , Song Guolian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
For launch vehicles with multiple stages, the stage separation is critical, which directly determines the success of the launch mission. In this article, a launch vehicle with a parallel second stage is taken as the research subject. A basic separation scheme including separation force and separation direction is proposed. Then, separation dynamic analyses are performed through ADAMS. The trajectory and attitude during the separation have been obtained. On the one hand, the aerodynamic forces help to increase distance between stages. On the other hand, aerodynamic moments acting on the second stage cause high pitch velocity. Separation procedure can be divided into three different time duration including interference duration, escaping from interference duration and free stream duration. The research conducted in this paper will provide guidance for the design of separation systems of the launch vehicle.
Design and Research on the Refit Scheme for Natural Icing Flight Test of Large Civil Aircraft
Authors: Liu Jia , Zhou Feng , Chen Yingchun , Dong Qiaotian , Kang Yibo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The natural icing flight test is an important compliance method for flight in icing conditions defined in CCAR25-R4 Appendix C. It is characterised by high risk, high difficulty, high cost and requires a large number of specialized refits. This article analyses the main refit requirements based on the natural icing flight test verification tasks of large civil aircraft, including cloud combination probe, cameras, painting, ice scales, etc. The refit scheme design includes: using the FENSAP-ICE icing calculation software, designing the installation position and height of the cloud combination probe; The quantity, location, and functional design of cameras; The scope, colour matching, and scale design of painting; The quantity, layout, priority definition, scale, angle, colour matching design of ice scales. The refit scheme designed in this article can provide reference for the natural icing test flight refit of large civil aircraft.
Applied to calibrate the new intelligent bearing of NiCr/NiSi film thermocouple
Authors: Liu Zhihui , Guo Tengda , Cheng Yongjun , Wang Bi , Li Yangsen , Chen Weiyu , Wang Zixi , Ding Wanyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to study the calibration method of new intelligent bearing applied to NiCr/NiSi film thermocouple. Firstly, the basic principle and characteristics of NiCr/NiSi film thermocouple and intelligent bearing are introduced, and then the design and realization process of intelligent bearing are elaborated, including material selection, structural design, manufacturing process and so on. Then, this paper puts forward the calibration method of intelligent bearing, and verifies its effectiveness through experiments. The experimental results show that the Seebeck coefficient of NiCr/NiSi thin film thermocouple new intelligent bearing is 41.00 μV/°C, and the Seebeck coefficient of standard K thermocouple is 41.20 μV/°C. The new intelligent bearing has high sensitivity and stability, and can achieve fast response and accurate measurement. Finally, this paper summarizes the research results, and looks forward to the future research direction.
Aerodynamics performance evaluation for new twist angle design axial fan.
Authors: Sangsawangmatum Thanate 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Axial fans are the most efficient air handling machines used in various industries. In contrast to centrifugal fans, axial fan blades rotate through the liquid to transfer their kinetic energy. With an inline air flow direction, the geometric design of the axial fan blade is suitable for machines with low system resistance and higher mass flow rates. Diameter ratio (outer diameter / hub diameter) and fan rotating speed are commonly used to determine design parameters and adjust aerodynamic performance. The differential pressure and mass flow rate of the fans can be significantly impacted by the angle of attack of the blade. The purpose of the research is to discover new methods to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the axial fan. The comparison involves comparing the effects of the twist angle while keeping the tip angle constant. In addition to having a uniform angle of attack, it also has various angles of attack from the hub to the tip. By utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the three-dimensional velocity and pressure distribution within the control volume will be shown. The numerical solutions for each case are shown along with the velocity vector and pressure distribution.
Ab initio study of gallium-doped zinc oxides and zinc-doped gallium oxides
Authors: Yu Cheng-Lung , Su Jian-Sheng Xie , Hsieh Hsiang-Yu , Liu Po-Liang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study utilizes ab initio methods to investigate the atomic structures of gallium-doped zinc oxides and zinc-doped gallium oxides, focusing on the mechanisms of ZnGa2O4 film formation through doping and substitution. Utilizing X-ray diffraction and bond length assessments, we investigate the interaction between zinc oxide and gallium oxide components. In the case of gallium doping within ZnO, the notable shift of the primary X-ray diffraction peak from 36.10° to 35.45° with an increase in gallium content closely aligns with the ZnGa2O4 peak at 35.50°. Conversely, when the substitution concentration of zinc in Ga2O3 exceeds 37.5%, it is not conducive to the formation of ZnGa2O4. This finding underscores the role of gallium doping in facilitating the development of ZnGa2O4 films, highlighting the nuanced impact of dopant concentration on the structural properties and demonstrating the preferential alignment of gallium-doped ZnO with the desired ZnGa2O4 structure.
Predicted yield and detectability of GW events from the IllustrisTNG simulations
Authors: Niu Luchang , Zhang Tiangang , Zhang Kun , Li Yiting 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The forthcoming generation of space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatories promises robust capabilities for multi-bandwidth measurements, particularly for the study of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In this research, we employ the IllustrisTNG simulation to investigate GW signals originating from SMBHs. Our approach involves extracting the merger history of black holes (BHs) from the simulation data and utilizing a phenomenological waveform model to calculate the GW strains, signal-to-noise ratios and event rates. Notably, detectors like LISA, Taiji, and Tianqin demonstrate the potential to detect SMBHs with masses exceeding approximately 106
M
⨀, and exhibit the capability to detect one merger in the Merger-Ringdown phase and one merger in the Inspiral phase annually, at redshifts reaching up to z∼6.
On propagation of gradual and impulsive Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)
Authors: Mohamad Ansor N , Hamidi Z S , Shariff N N M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) is a significant solar activity that releases magnetic field and plasma out of the corona and they are known as the main driver of space weather. In general, CMEs are characterized as gradual and impulsive based on their kinematic properties that include velocity and acceleration. This paper is aimed to analyze the differences in behaviour of gradual and impulsive CME based on recent events (dates) in solar cycle 25 and to justify their characterizations that have been demonstrated a while ago. Data analysis is conducted by studying the height-time, height-velocity and height-acceleration profiles for each event, based on SOHO LASCO Catalogue. Results show that impulsive CME travels a lot faster than gradual CME, with average velocity of 1239 km/s and 503.6 km/s respectively. It is believed that M6.7 flare accompanying the impulsive CME has been the main reason to high velocity due to its ability to contribute more heat energy and enhances the energy conversion during magnetic reconnection. Deceleration is observed in impulsive CME that is caused by the loss of momentum as interacting with the background solar wind and small-scale acceleration is manifested by gradual CME all through the propagation.
Dynamical concurrence of initially separable bipartite system immersed in N-qubit environment
Authors: Alporha R , Sese L J , Gammag R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we calculate the concurrence for two entangled qubits that are immersed in either a homogeneous or a heterogeneous N-qubit environment. The concurrence for the discrete homogeneous environment was found to behave periodically depending on the interaction strengths ω

S
1
S
2
and Γ. For the case of a heterogeneous environment, we set the interaction strength Γ
Siεk

as uniformly random. This case mimics of a noisy environment as it illustrates an asymptotic decay of entanglement. The sudden death behavior found in the heterogenous case becomes more prominent for larger N number of qubit environments, and no other entanglement is found as time t → ∞.