bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole genome sequences of
Yersinia pestis
strains of ancient phylogenetic branch 0.ANT5 isolated in the 21st century in the Tien-Shan in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Balykova Alina N. , Katyshev Alexander D. , Eroshenko Galina A. , Kukleva Lyubov M. , Dzhaparova Aigul K. , Naryshkina Ekaterina A. , Oglodin Eugene G. , Berdiev Stalbek K. , Kutyrev Vladimir V. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

We announce the whole genome hybrid sequences of 11 highly virulent
Yersinia pestis
strains of the ancient phylogenetic branch 0.ANT5, one of the closest to the strains of the First Plague Pandemic. Nine strains were isolated in 2013–2023 and two in 1953 and 1971 in the Tien Shan plague focus in Kyrgyzstan.
Complete genome sequence of
Vibrio cholerae
LK-18 isolated from tail-rotted
Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Yang Mingshu , Lv Jinxian , Li Kai , Lu Haojie , Wang Yongjie 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Isolated from tail-rotted
Procambarus clarkii
, the pathogenic bacterium
Vibrio cholerae
LK-18 features two circular chromosomes: chromosome I (2,895,335 bp) and chromosome II (1,175,190 bp). The genome includes 3,522 open reading frames, 100 tRNA genes, and 31 rRNA genes, and it harbors the
Vibrio cholera
cytolysin and chitinase genes.
Designing and validating a clinical decision support algorithm for diabetic nephroprotection in older patients
Authors: Alsalemi Noor , Sadowski Cheryl , Elftouh Naoual , Kilpatrick Kelley , Houle Sherilyn , Leclerc Simon , Fernandez Nicolas , Lafrance Jean-Philippe 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundOlder patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) often do not receive optimal pharmacological treatment. Current clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) do not incorporate the concept of personalised care. Clinical decision support (CDS) algorithms that consider both evidence and personalised care to improve patient outcomes can improve the care of older adults. The aim of this research is to design and validate a CDS algorithm for prescribing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) for older patients with diabetes.MethodsThe design of the CDS tool included the following phases: (1) gathering evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomised clinical trials to determine the number needed to treat (NNT) and time-to-benefit (TTB) values applicable to our target population for use in the algorithm. (2) Building a list of potential cases that addressed different prescribing scenarios (starting, adding or switching to RAASi). (3) Reviewing relevant guidelines and extracting all recommendations related to prescribing RAASi for DKD. (4) Matching NNT and TTB with specific clinical cases. (5) Validating the CDS algorithm using Delphi technique.ResultsWe created a CDS algorithm that covered 15 possible scenarios and we generated 36 personalised and nine general recommendations based on the calculated and matched NNT and TTB values and considering the patient’s life expectancy and functional capacity. The algorithm was validated by experts in three rounds of Delphi study.ConclusionWe designed an evidence-informed CDS algorithm that integrates considerations often overlooked in CPGs. The next steps include testing the CDS algorithm in a clinical trial.
Workplace violence against female healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ajuwa May-Elizabeth Pere-ere , Veyrier Clair-Antoine , Cousin Cabrolier Lorraine , Chassany Olivier , Marcellin Fabienne , Yaya Issifou , Duracinsky Martin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWorkplace violence (WPV) is highly prevalent in the health sector and remains a major occupational issue causing significant harm, ranging from bodily and psychological harm to death. Female healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of WPV.ObjectivesIdentify risk factors of WPV among different professional categories of female HCWs.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science, along with their references lists January 2010 and March 2022.Eligibility criteriaEnglish language observational studies focusing on WPV among HCWs evaluating the risk factors, impacts and consequences of WPV in female HCWs.MethodRisk of bias was assessed for all studies by Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists. We estimated the pooled prevalence of WPV and the associated 95% CI using a random-effects meta-analysis model. We then described the associated factors and effects of WPV.Results28 reviewed studies (24 quantitative, 4 qualitative and 1 mixed-method) from 20 countries were selected. From the available results of 16 studies, the pooled prevalence of WPV was estimated at 45.0% (95% CI 32% to 58%). Types of violence included verbal abuse, verbal threats, physical assaults, sexual harassment, mobbing, bullying and discrimination. Perpetrators were patients, patients’ relatives, colleagues and supervisors. Nurses were the most studied HCWs category. WPV was found to affect both mental and physical health. Age, marital status, lower occupational position, substance abuse, shorter work experience and low support at work were the main socio-demographic and organisational factors associated with higher risk of WPV.ConclusionWPV prevalence is high among female HCWs, warranting a multilevel intervention approach to address and mitigate its impact. This approach should include targeted policies and individual-level strategies to create a safer work environment and prevent adverse effects on both HCWs and the broader healthcare system. Further research is needed to better document WPV in categories of HCWs other than nurses.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022329574.
Addressing mental illness stigma in German higher education: study protocol for a mixed-methods evaluation of a psychosocial setting-based intervention
Authors: Nething Emily , Stoll Elena , Dobson Keith S. , Szeto Andrew C. H. , Tomczyk Samuel 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionMental illness stigma is associated with a range of negative consequences, such as reduced help-seeking for mental health problems. Since stigma affects individual, social, and structural aspects, multilevel interventions such as the Canadian programme The Working Mind have been proven to be the most effective. Given the solid evidence base for The Working Mind, it is our aim to implement and evaluate culturally adapted versions of the programme in German higher education, targeting students, employees and managers.Methods and analysisWe will evaluate the programme with regard to its effect on mental illness stigma, openness to mental health problems, willingness to seek help, and positive mental health outcomes. Further, we will investigate the programme’s effectiveness dependent on gender and personal values, various mechanisms of change, and factors facilitating and hindering implementation. The study uses a sequential explanatory mixed-methods evaluation design (QUAN → qual) that consists of three steps: (1) quasi-experimental online survey with programme participants, (2) focus groups with programme participants, and (3) qualitative interviews with programme stakeholders. The quantitative data collected in step 1 will be analysed using 2×3 analysis of variances and a parallel multiple mediation analysis. The results will inform the qualitative data to be collected in steps 2 and 3, which will be analysed using qualitative content analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (Ethics Committee of University Medicine Greifswald; BB 098/23). Participants have to provide written consent before taking part in a focus group or interview. As for the online survey, participants have to give their consent by agreeing to an online data protection form before they can start completing the survey. We will publish central results and the anonymised data in an Open Access Journal. Further, the statistical code will be included as a supplement to the paper(s) documenting the results of the study.Trial registration numberDRKS00033523.
Impact of time from discharge to readmission on outcomes: an observational study from the US National Readmission Database
Authors: Rachoin Jean-Sebastien , Hunter Krystal , Varallo Jennifer , Cerceo Elizabeth 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe Hospital Readmission Reduction Programme (HRRP) was created to decrease the number of hospital readmissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure (HF), pneumonia (PNA), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty.ObjectivesTo analyse the impact of the HRRP on readmission rates from 2010 to 2019 and how time to readmission impacted outcomes.DesignPopulation-based retrospective study.SettingAll patients included in the US National Readmission database from 2010 to 2019.PatientsWe recorded demographic and clinical variables.MeasurementsUsing linear regression models, we analysed the association between readmission status and timing with death and length of stay (LOS) outcomes. We transformed LOS and charges into log-LOS and log-charges to normalise the data.ResultsThere were 31 553 363 records included in the study. Of those, 4 593 228 (14.55%) were readmitted within 30 days. From 2010 to 2019, readmission rates for COPD (20.8%–19.8%), HF (24.9%–21.9%), PNA (16.4%–15.1%), AMI (15.6%–12.9%) and TKR (4.1%–3.4%) decreased whereas CABG (10.2%–10.6%) and THA (4.2%–5.8%) increased. Readmitted patients were at higher risk of mortality (6% vs 2.8%) and had higher LOS (3 (2–5) vs 4 (3–7)). Patients readmitted within 10 days had a mortality 6.4% higher than those readmitted in 11–20 days (5.4%) and 21–30 days (4.6%). Increased time from discharge to readmission was associated with a lower likelihood of mortality, like LOS.ConclusionOver the last 10 years, readmission rates decreased for most conditions included in the HRRP except CABG and THA. Patients readmitted shortly after discharge were at higher risk of death.
Examining self-described policy-relevant evidence base for policymaking: an evidence map of COVID-19 literature
Authors: Chukwu Emelda E , Woolaston Katie , Kaufer Ricardo , Bortolus Alejandro , Hewitt Chad L , Schwindt Evangelina , Sogbanmu Temitope O , Schwenkenbecher Anne , Rubin Hannah , Slanickova Helena , Schneider Mike D , Heesen Remco , Mitova Veli 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundEvidence-based policymaking is a paradigm aimed at increasing the use of evidence by actors involved in policymaking processes. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted a heavy reliance on emerging evidence for policymaking during emergencies.ObjectiveThis study describes the focus and types of evidence in journal articles self-described as relevant to policymaking using the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study, identifying gaps in evidence and highlighting author stated perceived biases specifically in evidence-based policy making.DesignEvidence mapping.Data sourcesWe systematically searched SCOPUS, PubMed and LexisNexis for literature identifying policy-relevant evidence available on the COVID-19 pandemic.Eligibility criteriaThe study included only peer-reviewed literature identified as ‘article’, ‘book chapter’, ‘review’ covering the period from January 2020 to December 2022. Inclusion criteria required that articles have an abstract, authorship attribution and are written in English.Data extraction and synthesisA minimum of two authors independently extracted and coded for every level and final outputs were compared for consistency.ResultsA total of 213 articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed in this study. Lead authorship affiliations were from 50 countries with 70% of the outputs from developed economies including USA (20.2%), UK (18.3%) and Australia (7.5%). The most common purpose of the articles was the presentation of research findings the authors considered of relevance to policy (60.1%), followed by work that examined the impact of policy (28.6%) or highlighted or supported a policy need (22.5%), while some papers had multiple stated purposes. The most common challenges in policymaking identified by the authors of the reviewed papers wereprocess failuresandpoor evidenceutilisation during policymaking.ConclusionsThe evidence map identified the need for an interdisciplinary policy approach involving relevant stakeholders and driven by quality research as a progressive step towards prevention of future public health crises/pandemics.
Association between biomass exposure and COPD occurrence in Fez, Morocco: results from the BOLD study
Authors: E L Harch Ibtissam , Garcia-Larsen Vanessa , Benmaamar Soumaya , Nejjari Chakib , E l Biaze Mohammed , Benjelloun Mohamed Chakib , Rhazi Karima E l 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between biomass exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a representative sample of adults from the Moroccan populationMethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Fez as part of the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study, which included apparently healthy subjects aged 40 years and above. Biomass exposure was defined as self-report use of various biomass types for heating or cooking. The Wood Heating Exposure Index, and the Cooking Biomass Exposure Index were used to assess biomass exposure. Participants underwent post-bronchodilator spirometry and COPD was defined as having a forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio <0.7. Descriptive, univariate and multivariable statistical analyses adjusting for potential confounders including age, sex, smoking, education level, Mokken scale (wealth index) and occupational dust exposure were performed for the general population and separately for men and women.ResultsA total of 760 subjects were included, comprising 350 men and 410 women. In the multivariable analyses, we found a statistically significant association between a higher Wood Heating Exposure Index and COPD in men (adjusted OR=3.8; 95% CI: 1.4 to 10.4). While for women, a high Cooking Biomass Exposure Index was the main factor potentially linked to the increased risk of COPD (adjusted OR=7.2; 95% CI: 1.7 to 30.0).ConclusionThis study suggests that biomass exposure is a significant risk factor for COPD development in both men and women, independently of the smoking status which is known as its main risk factor.
The role of dimensions in gravitating relativistic shear-free fluids
Authors: Gumede S. C. , Maharaj S. D. , Govinder K. S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the dynamics of relativistic shear-free gravitating fluids in higher dimensions for both neutral and charged matter. We reduce the Einstein–Maxwell equations to a single second order nonlinear partial differential equation which contains two arbitrary functions. This generalizes the condition of pressure isotropy to higher dimensions; the new condition is functionally different from four dimensions. Our result in higher dimensions reduces to known results in four dimensions. The presence of higher dimensions affects the dynamics of relativistic fluids in general relativity. The dynamical behaviour of the gravitating fluid in higher dimensions is qualitatively different to the four dimensional case. Higher dimensions affect astrophysical and cosmological processes in gravitating shear-free fluids.
Adherence to Non-operative Clinical Quality Measures in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: COOK Julia A. , CICHOCKI Meghan N. , TONG Yanlin , WANG Lu , CHUNG Kevin C. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Clinical quality measures exist for non-operative management of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Factors predicting adherence are unclear. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with chronic CTS using MarketScan Research Database (2015–2020) was conducted. Six logistic regression models were designed to study adherence to quality measures within 1 year after diagnosis. Results: Of 782,717 patients identified, 514,073 (65.7%) were female with an average (SD) age of 51.4 (13.4) years. Only 88 patients (0.01%) met all quality measures. Greatest compliance observed with receipt of nerve conduction study (NCS; 283,959 [36.3%]), no prescription of medications (336,297 [43.0%]) and no laser therapy (772,979 [98.8%]); 294,305 patients (37.6%) received hand surgeon referral. Hand surgeon referral predicted higher likelihood of NCS and splinting (OR, 1.83; 95% CI: 1.81–1.84; OR, 2.53; 95% CI: 2.50–2.56) and medication over-prescription (OR, 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00–1.10). Females were more likely to be referred to a hand surgeon and be referred for splinting (OR 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.03; OR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.18–1.21) but less likely to have no prescriptions or avoid laser therapy (OR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.84–0.85; OR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.79–0.86). Medicare recipients adhered less to quality measures compared to patients with fee-for-service insurance. As comorbidities increased, patients were less likely to receive hand surgeon referral and carpal tunnel release. Conclusions: Findings suggest that hand surgery referrals increased adherence to quality measures. Females, Medicare recipients and multimorbid patients should be targeted for improved care. Future quality care efforts should incentivise adherence for Medicare beneficiaries and improve guideline recognition amongst physicians. Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Epidemiology of High-Energy Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: LIAO Janice Chin-Yi , LIM Amaris , TAN David Meng-Kiat , CHONG Alphonsus Khin-Sze 
Published: August 2024

Background: High-energy distal radius fractures have not been as well studied as the more common osteoporotic fractures. Differences between these two groups of fractures have implications on the prevention and clinical management of such injuries. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients in our institution who presented with distal radius fractures within the period of a year. Demographic data, injury mechanism, fracture classification, associated injuries and work-related status were obtained and analysed. Results: High energy fractures made up 27.1% of the cases. Falls from height were the most common cause, followed by motor vehicle accidents. These high-energy fractures were more commonly seen in males, younger patients (average age 41 vs. 61 years), and in workplace accidents. These injuries were also more likely to be bilateral and associated with an additional ipsilateral upper extremity injury. The high-energy group was also more likely to have an AO type B fracture. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of distal radius fractures seen in our population are high-energy injuries. Their contrasting patient and injury profiles suggest that they should be considered separately from osteoporotic fractures. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
A Surgical Approach to a Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury without Dividing the Adductor Aponeurosis
Authors: GOUBAU Yannick , BALCAEN Romy , VANHOVE Wim 
Published: August 2024

An injury to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) of the thumb is a common injury, widely referred to as a skier’s thumb. The rupture usually occurs at the distal insertion. In the classical technique, the adductor aponeurosis is divided to access the torn UCL and the MCPJ and repaired after ligament repair/reinsertion. We describe a surgical approach to the UCL that does not require division of the adductor aponeurosis. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Symptomatic Congenital Coalition of the Pisiform and Hamate – A Case Report
Authors: SUWANNAPHISIT Sitthiphong , IIDA Akio , KAWAMURA Kenji , OMOKAWA Shohei 
Published: August 2024

We describe a 13-year-old boy with piso-hamate coalition confirmed by X-ray. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed type 1 coalition according to the classification of DeVilliers Minnaar. Piso-hamate coalition is rare, and suspicions should be raised in instances of chronic ulnar-sided wrist pain, particularly in individuals with a history of elevated hand usage, especially amongst athletes engaging in intensive hand grip activities. Surgical resection of the synchondrosis site between the pisiform and the hamate is an efficacious intervention that can mitigate pain. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Live-Cell Invasive Phenotyping Uncovers ALK2 as a Therapeutic Target in LKB1-Mutant Lung Cancer
Authors: Koo Junghui , Seong Chang-Soo , Parker Rebecca E. , Herrera Amy , Dwivedi Bhakti , Arthur Robert A. , Dinasarapu Ashok Reddy , Johnston Henry Richard , Claussen Henry , Tucker-Burden Carol , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Fu Haian , Zhou Wei , Marcus Adam I. , Gilbert-Ross Melissa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The acquisition of invasive properties is a prerequisite for tumor progression and metastasis. Molecular subtypes of KRAS-driven lung cancer exhibit distinct modes of invasion that contribute to unique growth properties and therapeutic susceptibilities. Despite this, preclinical strategies designed to exploit growth within the context of invasion are lacking. To address this, we designed an experimental system to screen for targetable signaling pathways linked to active early 3D invasion phenotypes in different molecular subtypes of KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma. Combined live-cell imaging of human bronchial epithelial cells in a 3D invasion matrix and transcriptomic profiling identified mutant LKB1-specific upregulation of BMP6. LKB1 loss increased BMP6 signaling, which induced the canonical iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Intact LKB1 was necessary to maintain BMP6 signaling homeostasis and restrict ALK2/BMP6-fueled growth. Preclinical studies in a Kras/Lkb1-mutant syngeneic mouse model and in a xenograft model showed potent growth suppression by inhibiting the ALK2/BMP6 signaling axis with single-agent inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials. Lastly, BMP6 expression was elevated in tumors of patients with LKB1-mutant early-stage lung cancer. These results are consistent with those of a model in which LKB1 acts as a “brake” to iron-regulated growth and suggest that ALK2 inhibition can be used for patients with LKB1-mutant tumors.
Significance: Three-dimensional invasion-linked gene expression analysis reveals a therapeutic vulnerability to inhibition of ALK2/BMP6 signaling in LKB1-mutant lung cancer that can be rapidly translated to the clinic.