bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AIS Data for Building a Transport Maritime Network: A Pilot Study in the Strait of Messina (Italy)
Authors: Rindone Corrado 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe maritime transport of goods enables economic exchanges at a global level. Containership, sea routes, port systems and relative performances (e.g. times and costs) influence the quality and quantity of these exchanges. For these reasons, it is necessary to develop quantitative methods for evaluating the main performances of maritime container services. At the same time, ICT (e.g. Automatic Identification System, AIS) enable the acquisition and collection of information and data for supporting Transport Simulation Models (TSM), useful for calculating the performances. In this context, this paper presents a method for building a supply transport network model of container maritime services. The method is based on the acquisition and elaboration of data deriving from the AIS. The supply model allows the calculation of indicators for evaluating the main performance of containership services at the international level. The proposed method is applied to developing a pilot study of maritime containership services in a portion of the Mediterranean Sea. The results of the pilot consist of the representation of a transport network obtained from the available AIS data. The obtained results show the main potentialities of the proposed method for developing TSM from the fed by the AIS data. The method and results obtained are of potential interest to public and private decision-makers and takers involved in the maritime transport sector.
Exploring the ARM Coherent Mesh Network Topology
Authors: Friese Philipp A. , Schulz Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe continuously rising number of cores per socket puts a growing demand on on-chip interconnects. The topology of these interconnects are largely kept hidden from the user, yet, they can be the source of measurable performance differences for large many-core processors due to core placement on that interconnect. This paper investigates the ARM Coherent Mesh Network (CMN) on an Ampere Altra Max processor. We provide novel insights into the interconnect by experimentally deriving key information on the CMN topology, such as the position of cores or memory and cache controllers. Based on this insight, we evaluate the performance characteristics of several benchmarks and tune the thread-to-core mapping to improve application performance. Our methodology is directly applicable to all ARM-based processors using the ARM CMN, but in principle applies to all mesh-based on-chip networks.
Study on the Effect of Uniform Corrosion on the Durability of Corrugated Web-Concrete Combination Box Girders with Steel Base Plate
Authors: Zhang Kaihui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn order to study the effect of uniform corrosion on the durability of steel bottom plate corrugated web-concrete composite box girder, this new type of steel-concrete composite structural girder bridge is analysed by using the time-varying reliability as the durability index. The static loading test is carried out on the steel bottom plate corrugated web-concrete composite box girder before and after corrosion, the mid-span deflection and stress before and after corrosion are calculated, and the time-varying reliability is used to calculate the reliability index of the composite box girder. The results show that under static loading, the mid-span deflection of the model test beam increases with the increase of load. The stress values before and after corrosion do not differ much when the load is small, and there is a significant difference in the stress values of the steel bottom plate with the increasing load. According to the relevant codes and using the primary second-order method of moments, the time-varying reliability indexes under different t moments are calculated by Matlab software.
Thermodynamic formulation of vacuum energy density in flat spacetime and potential implications for the cosmological constant
Authors: LeClair André 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We propose a thermodynamical definition of the vacuum energy density ρvac, defined as 〈vac|Tμν|vac〉 =  − ρvacgμν, in quantum field theory in flat Minkowski space in D spacetime dimensions, which can be computed in the limit of high temperature, namely in the limit β = 1/T → 0. It takes the form ρvac = const ∙ mD where m is a fundamental mass scale and “const” is a computable constant which can be positive or negative depending on interaction couplings. Due to modular invariance ρvac can also be computed in a different non-thermodynamic channel where one spatial dimension is compactifed on a circle of circumference β and we confirm this modularity for free massive theories for both bosons and fermions for D = 2, 3, 4. We list various properties of ρvac that are generally required, for instance ρvac = 0 for conformal field theories, and others, such as the constraint that ρvac has opposite signs for free bosons verses fermions of the same mass, which is related to constraints from supersymmetry. Using the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz we compute ρvac exactly for 2 classes of integrable QFT’s in 2D and interpreting some previously known results. We apply our definition of ρvac to Lattice QCD data with two light quarks (up and down) and one additional massive flavor (the strange quark), and find it is negative, ρvac ≈ − (200 MeV)4. Finally we make some remarks on the Cosmological Constant Problem since ρvac is central to any discussion of it.
Does attachment anxiety mediate the persistence of anxiety and depressive symptoms from adolescence to early adulthood?
Authors: Blake Julie A. , Thomas Hannah J. , Pelecanos Anita M. , Najman Jake M. , Scott James G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Depression and anxiety often emerge in adolescence and persist into early adulthood. Developing a greater understanding of the factors that influence their persistence may inform psychological interventions. Their association with an insecure attachment style is well established although the mediating role of attachment anxiety in the persistence of depression and anxiety over time has not been examined. This study aimed to examine if anxious attachment mediated depression and anxiety from adolescence to early adulthood.

Methods
Data from 3,436 participants in a longitudinal birth cohort study were examined. At 14-years and 21-years, participants completed the Achenbach Youth Self Report (YSR) and the Achenbach Young Adult Self-Report (YASR) respectively. At 21-years, participants completed the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). Attachment anxiety as a mediator for the persistence of anxiety/depressive symptoms from 14- to 21-years was examined.

Results
Attachment anxiety accounted for approximately 60% of the persistence of anxiety and depressive symptoms at 14- and 21- years after adjusting for covariates. Results were similar when stratifying by males and females.

Conclusions
Attachment anxiety significantly contributes to the persistence of anxiety and depressive symptoms from adolescence into early adulthood for both males and females. Incorporating interventions that address attachment anxiety in adolescents may improve the response to therapy for anxiety and depression.
Assessing Patient Satisfaction Following Facelifts with Social Media Reviews
Authors: Revercomb Lucy , Patel Aman M. , Choudhry Hannaan S. , Shaikh Sadiq , Tseng Christopher C. , Filimonov Andrey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Facelifts are one of the most common facial aesthetic surgery procedures. Patient satisfaction determines success of most aesthetic surgery but has been historically difficult to assess.

Objective
This study evaluated reviews by facelift patients on the aesthetic surgery social media website RealSelf.com to determine positive and negative factors underlying patient satisfaction following facelifts.

Methods
Facelift reviews were gathered from RealSelf.com with an automated web crawler. Reviews were categorized as positive or negative and by the primary and secondary reasons for the positive or negative review. Patient “worth it” and star ratings, physician specialty, and cost of procedure were also collected.

Results
A total of 2153 facelift reviews were collected. Overall, 1986 (92.24%) were positive and 167 (7.76%) were negative. The most common overall reasons for a positive review were aesthetic results (n=1571, 79.10%) and bedside manner (n=1488, 74.92%). The most common overall reasons for a negative review were outcome (n=137, 82.04%) and bedside manner (n=82, 49.10%). Most facelifts were performed by plastic surgeons (n=1796, 83.42%). The greatest 5-star rating percentages were seen for oral and maxillofacial surgeons (n=29, 93.55%), otolaryngologists (n=96, 92.31%), and plastic surgeons (n=1642, 91.43%). Of patients who provided a “worth it” rating, 1216 (91.91%) stated that their facelift was “worth it.”

Conclusion
Overall patient sentiment toward facelifts was positive. The factors most commonly affecting a positive patient experience were bedside manner and aesthetic results. Negative patient reviews were primarily attributed to dissatisfaction with aesthetic outcomes. Social media serves as a valuable tool for evaluating patient satisfaction with aesthetic surgery.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Nitric oxide laser-induced fluorescence using the fifth harmonic of a broad-band Nd:YAG laser
Authors: Bolderman Tom , Maes Noud , Dam Nico 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe explore the prospects of laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics of nitric oxide (NO) using non-tunable fifth-harmonic radiation of a broad-band, ns-pulsed Nd:YAG laser at $$\lambda = 213$$

λ
=
213

nm. Typically, 2–5 mJ/pulse of 213-nm radiation is produced by a commercial harmonic generator in this study, with an efficiency of about 1–3% (relative to the input pulse energy). We present spectral results obtained in various environments, ranging from air-based combustion processes at room conditions up to elevated pressure and temperature environments, the latter resembling conditions typical for compression-ignition internal combustion engines. In all cases, the laser-induced fluorescence spectrum shows clear signatures of the NO spectrum, mostly on transitions in the $$\gamma $$
γ
-band system ($$\text {A}^2\Sigma ^+ \rightarrow X^2\Pi $$

A
2

Σ
+

→

X
2

Π

). At higher fluences, multi-photon absorption also gives rise to blue-shifted fluorescence. The fluorescence yield increases with increasing pressure, allegedly due to non-resonant excitation, the efficiency of which increases with increasing pressure broadening. When applied to air-based combustion processes, interference by (hot) oxygen needs to be taken into account. We conclude that the method is a relatively straightforward option to visualize the NO distribution in a broad variety of applications.
Anticipating how rain-on-snow events will change through the 21st century: lessons from the 1997 new year’s flood event
Authors: Rhoades Alan M. , Zarzycki Colin M. , Hatchett Benjamin J. , Inda-Diaz Héctor , Rudisill William , Bass Benjamin , Dennis Eli , Heggli Anne , McCrary Rachel , McGinnis Seth , Ombadi Mohammed , Rahimi-Esfarjani Stefan , Slinskey Emily , Srivastava Abhishekh , Szinai Julia , Ullrich Paul A. , Wehner Michael , Yates David , Jones Andrew D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe California-Nevada 1997 New Year’s flood was an atmospheric river (AR)-driven rain-on-snow (RoS) event and remains the costliest in their history. The joint occurrence of saturated soils, rainfall, and snowmelt generated inundation throughout northern California-Nevada. Although AR RoS events are projected to occur more frequently with climate change, the warming sensitivity of their flood drivers across scales remains understudied. We leverage the regionally refined mesh capabilities of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (RRM-E3SM) to recreate the 1997 New Year’s flood with horizontal grid spacings of 3.5 km across California, with forecast lead times of up to 4 days, and across six warming levels ranging from pre-industrial conditions to $$+3.5\,^\circ$$

+
3.5

∘

C. We describe the sensitivity of the flood drivers to warming including AR duration and intensity, precipitation phase, intensity and efficiency, snowpack mass and energy changes, and runoff efficiency. Our findings indicate current levels of climate change negligibly influence the flood drivers. At warming levels $$\ge 1.7\,^\circ$$

≥
1.7

∘

C, AR hazard potential increases, snowpack nonlinearly decreases, antecedent soil moisture decreases (except where the snowline retreats), and runoff decreases (except in the southern Sierra Nevada where antecedent snowpack persists). Storm total precipitation increases, but at rates below warming-induced increases in saturation-specific humidity. Warming intensifies short-duration, high-intensity rainfall, particularly where snowfall-to-rainfall transitions occur. This study highlights the nonlinear tradeoffs in 21st-century RoS flood hazards with warming and provides water management and infrastructure investment adaptation considerations.
Temporally enhanced graph convolutional network for hand tracking from an egocentric camera
Authors: Cho Woojin , Ha Taewook , Jeon Ikbeom , Jeon Jinwoo , Kim Tae-Kyun , Woo Woontack 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe propose a robust 3D hand tracking system in various hand action environments, including hand-object interaction, which utilizes a single color image and a previous pose prediction as input. We observe that existing methods deterministically exploit temporal information in motion space, failing to address realistic diverse hand motions. Also, prior methods paid less attention to efficiency as well as robust performance, i.e., the balance issues between time and accuracy. The Temporally Enhanced Graph Convolutional Network (TE-GCN) utilizes a 2-stage framework to encode temporal information adaptively. The system establishes balance by adopting an adaptive GCN, which effectively learns the spatial dependency between hand mesh vertices. Furthermore, the system leverages the previous prediction by estimating the relevance across image features through the attention mechanism. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art balanced performance on challenging benchmarks and demonstrates robust results on various hand motions in real scenes. Moreover, the hand tracking system is integrated into a recent HMD with an off-loading framework, achieving a real-time framerate while maintaining high performance. Our study improves the usability of a high-performance hand-tracking method, which can be generalized to other algorithms and contributes to the usage of HMD in everyday life. Our code with the HMD project will be available at https://github.com/UVR-WJCHO/TEGCN_on_Hololens2.
The role of energy intensity, green energy transition, and environmental policy stringency on environmental sustainability in G7 countries
Authors: Degirmenci Tunahan , Sofuoglu Emrah , Aydin Mehmet , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe increase in energy intensity and energy depletion may lead to faster depletion of natural resources and increased environmental impacts. The green energy transition can improve environmental quality by reducing the pressure on natural resources and the carbon footprint. At this point, public environmental regulations are significant for environmental sustainability. On the one hand, the environmental policy stringency imposes high environmental taxes on polluting activities and, on the other hand, provides R&D support to clean technologies. This study examines the impact of energy intensity, energy depletion, green energy transition, and environmental policy stringency on load capacity factor in G7 countries from 1990–2020 using common correlated effects mean group and augmented mean group panel long run estimators. The study's robust results show that i) energy intensity has a negative impact on environmental sustainability in Germany, Italy, and the USA, ii) energy depletion has a negative impact on environmental sustainability in Canada and France, and iii) green energy transition has a positive impact on environmental sustainability in Japan. G7 countries must reverse the adverse effects of energy intensity and energy depletion by accelerating the transition to green energy. These countries with significant fiscal capacity should use environmental policy instruments that include environmental taxes.
Graphical abstract
Impact of cardiac patch alignment on restoring post-infarct ventricular function
Authors: Janssens Koen L. P. M. , Bovendeerd Peter H. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (MI) leads to a loss of cardiac function which, following adverse ventricular remodeling (AVR), can ultimately result in heart failure. Tissue-engineered contractile patches placed over the infarct offer potential for restoring cardiac function and reducing AVR. In this computational study, we investigate how improvement of pump function depends on the orientation of the cardiac patch and the fibers therein relative to the left ventricle (LV). Additionally, we examine how model outcome depends on the choice of material properties for healthy and infarct tissue. In a finite element model of LV mechanics, an infarction was induced by eliminating active stress generation and increasing passive tissue stiffness in a region comprising 15% of the LV wall volume. The cardiac patch was modeled as a rectangular piece of healthy myocardium with a volume of 25% of the infarcted tissue. The orientation of the patch was varied from 0 to $$150^ \circ $$

150
∘

relative to the circumferential plane. The infarct reduced stroke work by 34% compared to the healthy heart. Optimal patch support was achieved when the patch was oriented parallel to the subepicardial fiber direction, restoring 9% of lost functionality. Typically, about one-third of the total recovery was attributed to the patch, while the remainder resulted from restored functionality in native myocardium adjacent to the infarct. The patch contributes to cardiac function through two mechanisms. A contribution of tissue in the patch and an increased contribution of native tissue, due to favorable changes in mechanical boundary conditions.
Consequences of Spiraea tomentosa invasion in Uropodina mite (Acari: Mesostigmata) communities in wet meadows
Authors: Wiatrowska Blanka , Kurek Przemysław , Rutkowski Tomasz , Napierała Agnieszka , Sienkiewicz Paweł , Błoszyk Jerzy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVegetation cover has been consistently reported to be a factor influencing soil biota. Massive spreading of invasive plants may transform native plant communities, changing the quality of habitats as a result of modification of soil properties, most often having a directional effect on soil microorganisms and soil fauna. One of the most numerous microarthropods in the litter and soil is Acari. It has been shown that invasive plants usually have a negative effect on mites. We hypothesized that invasive Spiraea tomentosa affects the structure of the Uropodina community and that the abundance and species richness of Uropodina are lower in stands monodominated by S. tomentosa than in wet meadows free of this alien species. The research was carried out in wet meadows, where permanent plots were established in an invaded and uninvaded area of each meadow, soil samples were collected, soil moisture was determined and the mites were extracted. We found that Uropodina mite communities differed in the abundance of individual species but that the abundance and richness of species in their communities were similar. S. tomentosa invasion led primarily to changes in the quality of Uropodina communities, due to an increase in the shares of species from forest and hygrophilous habitats. Our results suggest that alien plant invasion does not always induce directional changes in mite assemblages, and conclude that the impact of an alien species on Uropodina may cause significant changes in the abundance and richness of individual species without causing significant changes in the abundance and diversity of their community.
The Expansion of Alternative Forms of Organizing Integration: Imitation, Bricolage, and an Ethic of Care in Migrant Women’s Cooperatives
Authors: Zapata Campos María José 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how alternative forms of organising integration in resource-scarce environments expand across settings, by considering the role of local embeddedness and an ethic of care in enabling this expansion. It builds on theories of imitation in organization studies in combination with theories of ethics of care and bricolage applied to welfare and migration studies. The paper is informed by the case of Yalla Trappan, a work cooperative of immigrant women in the city of Malmö, Sweden, and the attempts to diffuse this organization and its methods to other cities in the country. The findings indicate that the expansion of alternative forms of integration into resource-scarce contexts is enabled by simultaneous practices of imitation and bricolage, ingrained in an ethic of care. The article shows, first, how many important practices were developed by imitating accounts of the original ideas, through a broadcasting mode of imitation. Next, it explains why the local translation of these practices in resource-scarce contexts, consisting of ‘bricolage work’ based on material, market, institutional, human, and cultural elements, was necessary. The conclusion is that the expansion of novel forms of integration requires imitation, but of a kind that involves the bricolage of local translations. Such bricolage is always collective (which does not diminish the importance of individual agency), multi-spatial and not just local, and wrapped in an ethic of care, rather than in an economic logic. The article concludes by discussing the implications of these findings with the ethics of migration.
Discontinuities in and Perceptions of Mental Health Service Path of Violent Young Offenders: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Huikko Eeva , Santalahti Päivi , Aalto-Setälä Terhi , Ahlgrén-Rimpiläinen Aulikki , Lämsä Riikka 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStudies on mental health service use among juvenile violent offenders prior to their acts of violence are sparse. Mostly, their service use seems to be short-term, although there may have been several service periods. Little is known about how they have perceived those services. Using a qualitative content analysis on data from forensic psychiatric examination statements, we studied discontinuities in the use of mental health services of 15-22-year-old violent Finnish offenders and descriptions of their perceptions of those services. There were several types of discontinuities: limited youth engagement and subsequent dropping out from services, or partial or total refusal of the proposed examinations or treatments. Most discontinuations were instigated by the youth themselves, followed by the parents and the service system. The subjects had perceived mental health services to be not beneficial for the most part, although some experienced benefits from medication. When treating children and adolescents with behavioral symptoms clinicians should identify the early signs of the process of disengagement from treatment and pay attention to the perceptions of the treatment of both the youth and their parents. Also, more research is needed on the user experience of mental health services among violent offenders, as well as factors relating to discontinuities along their mental health service path.