bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abundance and genetic damage of barn swallows from Fukushima
Authors: Bonisoli-Alquati A. , Koyama K. , Tedeschi D. J. , Kitamura W. , Sukuzi H. , Ostermiller S. , Arai E. , Møller A. P. , Mousseau T. A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA number of studies have assessed or modeled the distribution of the radionuclides released by the accident at the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP). Few studies however have investigated its consequences for the local biota. We tested whether exposure of barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) nestlings to low dose ionizing radiation increased genetic damage to their peripheral erythrocytes. We estimated external radiation exposure by using thermoluminescent dosimeters and by measuring radioactivity of the nest material. We then assessed DNA damage by means of the neutral comet assay. In addition, we conducted standard point-count censuses of barn swallows across environmental radiation levels and estimated their abundance and local age ratio. Radioactivity of nest samples was in the range 479–143,349 Bq kg−1, while external exposure varied between 0.15 and 4.9 mGy. Exposure to radioactive contamination did not correlate with higher genetic damage in nestlings. However, at higher levels of radioactive contamination the number of barn swallows declined and the fraction of juveniles decreased, indicating lower survival and lower reproduction and/or fledging rate. Thus, genetic damage to nestlings does not explain the decline of barn swallows in contaminated areas and a proximate mechanism for the demographic effects documented here remains to be clarified.
Assessment and Treatment of Cognition and Communication Skills in Adults With Acquired Brain Injury via Telepractice: A Systematic Review
Authors: Coleman Jaumeiko J. , Frymark Tobi , Franceschini Nicole M. , Theodoros Deborah G. 
Published: April 2015

PurposeThis is a systematic review of assessment and treatment of cognitive and communicative abilities of individuals with acquired brain injury via telepractice versus in person. The a priori clinical questions were informed by previous research that highlights the importance of considering any functional implications of outcomes, determining disorder- and setting-specific concerns, and measuring the potential impact of diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy data on interpretation of findings.MethodA literature search of multiple databases (e.g., PubMed) was conducted using key words and study inclusion criteria associated with the clinical questions.ResultsTen group studies were accepted that addressed assessment of motor speech, language, and cognitive impairments; assessment of motor speech and language activity limitations/participation restrictions; and treatment of cognitive impairments and activity limitations/participation restrictions. In most cases, equivalence of outcomes was noted across service delivery methods.ConclusionsLimited findings, lack of diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy data, and heterogeneity of assessments and interventions precluded robust evaluation of clinical implications for telepractice equivalence and the broader area of telepractice efficacy. Future research is needed that will build upon current knowledge through replication. In addition, further evaluation at the impairment and activity limitation/participation restriction levels is needed.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170234
Small Groups, Big Gains: Efficacy of a Tier 2 Phonological Awareness Intervention With Preschoolers With Early Literacy Deficits
Authors: Kruse Lydia G. , Spencer Trina D. , Olszewski Arnold , Goldstein Howard 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a phonological awareness (PA) intervention, designed for Tier 2 instruction in a Response to Intervention (RTI) model, delivered to small groups of preschoolers.

Method
A multiple-baseline design across participants was used to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention on low-income preschool children's PA skills. A trained interventionist delivered small group sessions 3 to 4 days a week and ensured children received frequent opportunities to respond and contingent feedback. Participants received 28 to 36 lessons that lasted about 10 min each and focused on PA and alphabet knowledge. Initiation of intervention was staggered across 3 triads, and 7 children completed the study.

Results
The intervention produced consistent gains on weekly progress monitoring assessments of the primary outcome measure for first sound identification (First Sound Fluency). Most children also demonstrated gains on other measures of PA and alphabet knowledge.

Conclusions
Results provide support for the application of a small group intervention consistent with an RTI framework and document the potential benefits of the intervention to learners who need early literacy instruction beyond the core curriculum.
Decoding Skills in Children With Language Impairment: Contributions of Phonological Processing and Classroom Experiences
Authors: Tambyraja Sherine R. , Farquharson Kelly , Logan Jessica A. R. , Justice Laura M. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
Children with language impairment (LI) often demonstrate difficulties with word decoding. Research suggests that child-level (i.e., phonological processing) and environmental-level (i.e., classroom quality) factors both contribute to decoding skills in typically developing children. The present study examined the extent to which these same factors influence the decoding skills of children with LI, and the extent to which classroom quality moderates the relationship between phonological processing and decoding.

Method

Kindergarten and first-grade children with LI (
n
= 198) were assessed on measures of phonological processing and decoding twice throughout the academic year. Live classroom observations were conducted to assess classroom quality with respect to emotional support and instructional support.

Results
Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that of the 3 phonological processing variables included, only phonological awareness significantly predicted spring decoding outcomes when controlling for children's age and previous decoding ability. One aspect of classroom quality (emotional support) was also predictive of decoding, but there was no significant interaction between classroom quality and phonological processing.

Conclusions
This study provides further evidence that phonological awareness is an important skill to assess in children with LI and that high-quality classroom environments can be positively associated with children's decoding outcomes.
PIFA using series‐resonant feed structure for wide‐band operations
Authors: Zhang Rui , Liu Yang , Kim Hyeonghun , Kim Hyeongdong 
Published: April 2015

A newly designed two‐dimensional planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) that achieves a substantially enhanced dual‐band impedance bandwidth is presented. It employs a proposed series‐resonant feed structure, which consists of two series resonators. The enhanced dual‐band impedance bandwidth is realised based on the appropriate increase of the impedance levels of the two series resonators. This increase is sufficient to cover wide use in mobile handsets of 698–960 MHz for the low band and 1710–2690 MHz for the high band with a VSWR < 3.
High‐performance suspended stripline wideband bandpass filter with new miniaturisation technology
Authors: Yu Bin , Jia Baofu , Cao Jian , Zhu Zhaojun 
Published: April 2015

A simple wideband tubular suspended stripline (SSL) bandpass filter using novel miniaturisation technology is presented. In this design, the equivalent circuit of the proposed filter is considered as the conventional tubular bandpass filter circuit. A new miniaturisation technology called ‘different height of cavity’ is applied to the filter design. A SSL filter is designed and fabricated with the passband from 0.6 to 1 GHz. The insertion loss is better than 0.6 dB in the passband while the return loss is mostly higher than 20 dB. The group delay variation is <0.2 ns. Good agreement between the simulated and measured result is observed, which proves the validity of the technique.
Single op‐amp second‐order loop filter for continuous‐time delta–sigma modulators
Authors: Cho Young‐Kyun , Park Bong Hyuk 
Published: April 2015

A second‐order loop filter (LF) that uses a single op‐amp resonator is presented for continuous‐time delta–sigma modulators. The proposed technique improves the power and area efficiency of the LF and enhances the controllability of the transfer function and the resonating condition by providing a new RC network. A second‐order modulator has been designed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Implemented in a 130 nm CMOS, the prototype modulator occupies an active area of 0.098 mm2 and consumes 5.23 mW power from a 1.2 V supply. It achieves a peak SNDR of 60.95 dB over a 15 MHz signal bandwidth with a sampling frequency of 780 MHz.
InP/InGaAs double heterojunction bipolar transistors with BVCEO = 12 V and fmax = 470 GHz
Authors: Kashio N. , Kurishima K. , Ida M. , Matsuzaki H. 
Published: April 2015

0.25 μm emitter InP/InGaAs double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) are presented that simultaneously exhibit a high collector current density (Jc) of more than 3 mA/μm2 and high breakdown voltage (BVCEO) of 12 V. The DHBTs consist of a 30 nm‐thick InGaAs base, 250 nm‐thick InGaAs/InAlGaAs/InP collector and 150 nm‐thick n‐doped InP field buffer. Since the doping level of the InP field buffer is relatively high, only the InGaAs/InAlGaAs/InP collector is depleted at low VCE. Thus, the DHBTs can provide ft = 173 GHz and fmax = 470 GHz at Jc = 3.5 mA/μm2. On the other hand, at a high VCE, both the InGaAs/InAlGaAs/InP collector and InP field buffer are depleted. Therefore, the effective depletion thickness increases, which results in a BVCEO of 12 V. These results indicate that the use of the InP field buffer provides both high‐speed performance and high BVCEO.
77 GHz waveform generator with multiple frequency shift keying modulation for multi‐target detection automotive radar applications
Authors: Nguyen Quang , Park Myungryeol , Kim Youngsu , Bien Franklin 
Published: April 2015

A waveform generator for a 77 GHz automotive radar that uses multiple frequency shift keying (MFSK) modulation is presented. The use of this modulation can improve the detection ability of radar applications in multi‐target situations. The proposed generator consists of a conventional 77 GHz Σ‐Δ fractional‐N synthesiser and MFSK modulation control logic (MMCL). The key innovation is the introduction of the MMCL, which has the ability to track the linear frequency increase while generating the frequency shift keying in each time step. Prior to realising the hardware implementation, a behavioural simulation was evaluated. In addition, a 77 GHz generator module was designed using 130 nm CMOS technology. In a chirp time of 6 ms, there were a total of 128 modulation steps. The bandwidth and frequency step of the chirp were 100 MHz and 300 kHz, respectively.
Applicability and Interpretation of Fish Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBI) for Bioassessment in the Upper Midwest
Authors: Ogren Stephanie A. , Huckins Casey J 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Multiple fish-based indices of biotic integrity (IBIs) and biological condition gradient models have been developed and validated to assess ecological integrity in the Laurentian Great Lakes region. We evaluated the applicability and effectiveness of using fish community indices for assessing site integrity in central Great Lakes streams, which have diverse temperature regimes and can be classified as warmwater, coolwater, or coldwater. Sites with different thermal regimes require different assessment tools to ensure comparability. Streams in the Big Manistee River watershed, Michigan, are near thermal thresholds for classification as coolwater or coldwater. We evaluated two coolwater and three coldwater indices developed for Upper Midwest streams. Output from coolwater indices were not correlated with coldwater index outputs and did not discriminate among the stream systems we evaluated. In monitoring temporal patterns over time (2002–2010), we found that coldwater indices showed similar patterns and agreed in relative scoring of sites from high to low. The three coldwater indices also similarly discriminated among stream systems; however, when the coldwater indices were used for specific site assessments, they produced differential results. Depending on which index was applied, a single site could be classified into three different levels of quality. This highlights the importance of index selection for management actions. An understanding of the factors that drive the indices and an understanding of reference conditions are imperative for effective use of fish-based IBIs in the Upper Midwest.
Received July 15, 2014; accepted December 12, 2014
Harm Reduction Agencies as a Potential Site for Buprenorphine Treatment
Authors: Fox Aaron D. , Chamberlain Adam , Frost Taeko , Cunningham Chinazo O. 
Published: April 2015

Background Harm reduction agencies complement addiction treatment by providing diverse services that improve the health of people who use drugs. Buprenorphine maintenance treatment (BMT) is an effective opioid addiction treatment that may be provided from flexible settings, potentially including harm reduction agencies. This study investigated attitudes toward different potential sites for BMT (harm reduction agencies, general medical clinics, and drug treatment programs) among harm reduction clients. Methods Using computer-based interviews, participants indicated preferred potential site for BMT (harm reduction agency, drug treatment program, or general medical clinic), interest in BMT by potential site, motivation for treatment, and barriers to BMT. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with harm reduction agency preference. Results Of 102 opioid users, the most preferred potential site for BMT was a harm reduction agency (51%), whereas fewer preferred general medical clinics (13%), drug treatment programs (12%), or were not interested in BMT (25%). In multivariable analysis, experiencing ≥1 barrier to BMT was strongly associated with preferring harm reduction agencies (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–11.43). Conclusions The potential to initiate BMT at harm reduction agencies is highly favorable among harm reduction clients, especially among those experiencing barriers to BMT. Offering BMT at harm reduction agencies could improve access to treatment, but studies are needed to determine safety and efficacy of this approach.
Prevalence and Correlates of Criminal Activity in Adolescents Treated in Adult Inpatient Mental Health Beds in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Stewart Shannon L. , Baiden Philip , den Dunnen Wendy , Hirdes John P. , Perlman Christopher M. 
Published: April 2015

Using logistic regression, this study seeks to examine the prevalence and correlates of criminal involvement in the previous year among adolescents in inpatient psychiatric facilities across Ontario, Canada. A sample of 2,613 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years who were admitted to adult inpatient mental health beds were examined. Just over one quarter of adolescents engaged in criminal activity within the past year. Older age, male gender, previous psychiatric admissions, a history of child abuse, poor insight into mental illness, substance use, specific types of mental health disorders, and aggressive behavior were all significantly associated with the presence of prior criminal activity. The well-founded association between mental health problems, substance use, and criminal behavior highlights the need for effective screening in settings providing services in the areas of juvenile justice, mental health, and addictions. Clinician awareness in all three settings is recommended so that these factors associated with at-risk behavior can be identified and appropriate treatment and referrals can be provided at the earliest point of involvement with any of these service systems.
Physical activities during pregnancy and type of delivery in nulliparae
Authors: Ko Yi‐Li , Chen Chie‐Pein , Lin Pi‐Chu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in physical activity across pregnancy and the relationship between trimester‐specific physical activity and unplanned caesarean sections (CSs). A cohort study design was carried out. A cohort of 150 pregnant women was established when they received prenatal care at 29–40 weeks of gestation at a medical centre in northern Taiwan. Participants were asked to recall the amounts of physical activity in which they had engaged in the three trimesters as assessed by the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ). Overall self‐reported physical activity for the cohort decreased by 31% in the first trimester compared to the pre‐gravid period, then increased in the second trimester and remained stable until delivery. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the data and revealed significantly more physical activity during the second trimester than in the first and third trimesters (F = 36.471, P = 0.000). In addition, there was a significant difference between normal spontaneous delivery and unplanned CS groups (F = 4.770, P = 0.031). Logistic regression determined that the odds ratio of undergoing a CS increased by 0.644 (95% confidence interval: 0.429–0.968) for women in the third trimester who performed low levels of physical activity. Results support the benefits of physical activity, and professionals are encouraged to provide pregnant women with information on recommendations for physical activity, particularly in terms of reducing unplanned CSs.
Workplace bullying and interpersonal conflicts: the moderation effect of supervisor’s power / Acoso laboral y conflictos interpersonales: el papel moderador de las bases de poder del supervisor
Authors: Arenas Alicia , León-Pérez José-María , Munduate Lourdes , Medina Francisco J. 
Published: April 2015

Workplace bullying is considered the final stage of a prolonged conflict where there is a power imbalance between the affected parties and where emotional and relational problems exist. Thus, this study aims to explore the role of employee perceptions about the supervisor’s power bases on the relationship of conflict (i.e., task and relationship conflicts) and bullying at work. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted ( N = 211). Results support a moderated-mediation model in which relationship conflict mediates the association between task conflict and workplace bullying, suggesting a conflict escalation process in bullying situations. In addition, establishing personal power bases seems to reduce the intensity of the link between task conflict and relationship conflict and, in turn, workplace bullying, whereas establishing positional power bases was not related to this association. Practical implications for bullying prevention are discussed.
The role of mothers in economic socialization of saving behaviour in Polish adolescents / El rol de las madres en la socialización ecónomica del comportamiento de ahorro de los adolescentes polacos
Authors: Trzcińska Agata , Goszczyńska Maryla 
Published: April 2015

The present study investigated the role of mothers in the economic socialization of saving-related attitudes, motives and behaviours in Polish adolescents. Research to date has shown that economic education in the family and parental models (especially the mother) are particularly important for the development of adolescent saving behaviour. Youth saving was hypothesized to be enhanced by active economic education (direct teaching) in the family and certain attitudes of mothers towards money (attitude modelling). A questionnaire-based approach was used and responses from 154 mother-adolescent (aged 13–19 years) dyads were analysed. Correlation and regression analyses showed that modelling of attitudes is more important for the formation of pro-saving attitudes and behaviour than direct teaching of children to engage in economic activities.
Competitive systems with migration and the Poincaré-Bendixson theorem for a 4-dimensional case
Authors: Jiang Jifa , Liang Xing 
Published: April 2015

In this paper, dynamics of the

n
n

-species competitive system with migration is studied. It is proved that if the Jacobian matrix of the system is irreducible at every point in Int

R

+

2
n

\mathbb {R}^{2n}_+

, then there is a defined countable family of invariant

(
2
n
−
1
)

(2n-1)

-cells which attract all nonconvergent persistent trajectories. Moreover, it is proved that the Poincaré-Bendixson theorem holds for

2
2

-species competitive systems with migration.
Instability intervals and growth rates for Hill’s equation
Authors: Keller Joseph 
Published: April 2015

Hill’s equation is a real linear second-order ordinary differential equation with a periodic coefficient

f
(
t
)

f(t)

:

(0.1)

y

′
′

(
t
)
+

[
λ
+
ε
f

(
t
)

]

y
(
t
)
=
0.

\begin{equation} y^{\prime \prime } (t) +\left [ \lambda +\varepsilon f\left (t\right ) \right ] y(t) =0. \tag *{(0.1)} \end{equation}

It has unbounded solutions for certain intervals of the real parameter

λ
\lambda

, called instability intervals. Here these intervals, and the growth rate of the unbounded solutions, are determined for

ε
\varepsilon

small, and also for

λ
\lambda

large. This is done by constructing a fundamental pair of solutions which are power series in

ε

/

λ

1

/

2

\varepsilon /\lambda ^{1/2}

, with coefficients that are bounded functions of

λ
\lambda

.
Existence and regularity of pullback attractors for an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid with delays
Authors: Zhao Caidi , Zhou Shengfan , Li Yongsheng 
Published: April 2015

This paper studies an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid with delays in two-dimensional bounded domains. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions. Then we establish the existence of pullback attractors

{

A

C

H

(
t
)

}

t
∈

R

\{\mathscr {A}_{_{\mathcal {C}_{_H}}}(t)\}_{t\in \mathbb {R}}

(has

L
2

L^2

-regularity),

{

A

C

W

(
t
)

}

t
∈

R

\{\mathscr {A}_{_{\mathcal {C}_{_W}}}(t)\}_{t\in \mathbb {R}}

(has

H
2

H^2

-regularity), and

{

A

E

H

2

(
t
)

}

t
∈

R

\{\mathscr {A}_{_{E^2_{_H}}}(t)\}_{t\in \mathbb {R}}

(has

L
2

L^2

-regularity),

{

A

E

W

2

(
t
)

}

t
∈

R

\{\mathscr {A}_{_{E^2_{_W}}}(t)\}_{t\in \mathbb {R}}

(has

H
2

H^2

-regularity) corresponding to two different processes associated to the fluid, respectively. Meanwhile, we verify the regularity of the pullback attractors by proving
\[

A

C

H

(
t
)
=

A

C

W

(
t
)
,

A

E

H

2

(
t
)
=

A

E

W

2

(
t
)
,

∀

t
∈

R

,

\mathscr {A}_{_{\mathcal {C}_{_H}}}(t) =\mathscr {A}_{_{\mathcal {C}_{_W}}}(t),\quad \mathscr {A}_{_{E^2_{_H}}}(t)=\mathscr {A}_{_{E^2_{_W}}}(t), \quad \forall \,t\in \mathbb {R},

\]
and
\[

A

E

H

2

(
t
)
=
J
(

A

C

H

(
t
)
)
=
J
(

A

C

W

(
t
)
)
=

A

E

W

2

(
t
)
,

∀

t
∈

R

,

\mathscr {A}_{_{E^2_{_H}}}(t) =J(\mathscr {A}_{_{\mathcal {C}_{_H}}}(t)) =J(\mathscr {A}_{_{\mathcal {C}_{_W}}}(t)) =\mathscr {A}_{_{E^2_{_W}}}(t),\quad \forall \,t\in \mathbb {R},

\]
where

J
J

is a linear operator. By the regularity we reveal the pullback asymptotic smoothing effect of the fluid in the sense that the solutions become eventually more regular than the initial data. This effect implies, in the case of delays, that the regularity of the fluid in its history state does not play an important role on the regularity of its eventual state. Finally, we give some remarks.