bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beneficial long‐term effects of multiprofessional assessment vs. rehabilitation program in patients with musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Bileviciute‐Ljungar Indre , Norrefalk Jan‐Rickard 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in outcomes of long‐term multiprofessional intervention in patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain.MethodsEighty‐eight patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain who either experienced multiprofessional rehabilitation (44) or underwent a mutiprofessional assessment of their ability to work (44) were followed up after either 5 or 10 years. Data on pain intensity, health perception and physical function collected in either 1998 or 2003, were compared with data taken from patients in 2008. Patients were also interviewed regarding pain diagnoses and additional multiprofessional interventions that occurred after 1998 or 2003.ResultsResults indicate that patients who participated in multiprofessional rehabilitation were younger in both 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐up groups and remained at work longer when compared to assessment group. When comparing the rehabilitation vs. assessment groups, no differences in pain intensity, health perception, and physical function were found at the 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐up. Reduced pain intensity was reported by both rehabilitation and assessment groups at the 5‐year follow‐up. Functional status was improved in the assessment group after 10 years.ConclusionThese results indicate that multiprofessional assessment may also have beneficial effects in patients with musculoskeletal pain when measuring long‐term outcomes.
Leaf shape × sowing density interaction affects chickpea grain yield
Authors: Abbo Shahal , Goren Ofer , Saranga Yehoshua , Langensiepen Matthias , J. Bonfil David 
Published: March 2013

AbstractModifying plant architecture is considered a promising breeding option to enhance crop productivity. Modern chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars with either compound (wild‐type) or simple leaf shapes are commercially grown but the relationships between leaf shape and yield are not well understood. In this study, a random sample of ‘Kabuli’ type progeny lines of both leaf types, derived from two crosses between modern American simple leaf cultivars and early‐flowering wild‐type breeding lines, were planted at different sowing densities. Leaf area development and final grain yield in genotypes of the two leaf types responded differently to changes in sowing densities. Compound leaf lines attained higher leaf area indices and higher grain yields at both low and high sowing densities. Yield responses of the simple leaf lines to increasing sowing density were significantly higher compared to compound leaf genotypes in two of three field experiments. The prospects for utilizing the simple leaf trait as a breeding target for short‐season growing areas are discussed.
Comparative effects of respiratory stimulants on hypoxic neuronal cell injury in SH‐SY5Y cells and in hippocampal slice cultures from rat pups
Authors: Tanaka Kaori , Ishitsuka Yoichi , Kurauchi Yuki , Yamaguchi Keitaro , Kadowaki Daisuke , Irikura Mitsuru , Katsuki Hiroshi , Irie Tetsumi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to clarify whether respiratory stimulants used to treat apnea of prematurity (AOP) attenuate or aggravate hypoxia‐induced neuronal damage.MethodsA human neuroblastoma cell line, SH‐SY5Y cells, and hippocampal slice cultures from rat pups were exposed to hypoxia to induce cell injury. The effects of respiratory stimulants on cell injury were evaluated.ResultsTheophylline and doxapram did not have any effects against cell injury induced by hypoxia in SH‐SY5Y cells and hippocampal slice cultures of rat pups, while caffeine protected these cells and the slice cultures from hypoxia. The protective effects of caffeine in SH‐SY5Y cells disappeared with co‐treatment by the adenosine A2A receptor agonist, CGS21680, and were mimicked by the adenosine A2AR antagonist, SCH58261. Meanwhile, co‐treatment with phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/AKT pathway inhibitors did not affect the protective effects of caffeine. Hydroxy radical scavenging activity of caffeine were not observed at the concentrations that produced cytoprotective activity, and radical scavengers did not have any effects on the cell injury induced by hypoxia in SH‐SY5Y cells.ConclusionsCaffeine significantly attenuated cell injury induced by hypoxia in SH‐SY5Y cells and hippocampal slice cultures of rat pups, at least partly through A2AR antagonism. Caffeine can protect neuronal cells from injury induced by hypoxemia, and may be a beneficial treatment for AOP with neuroprotective potential.
Outcome of anesthetic management for children with craniofacial deformities
Authors: Sinkueakunkit Akkharawat , Chowchuen Bowornsilp , Kantanabat Chonrat , Sriraj Wimonrat , Wongswadiwat Malinee , Bunsangjaroen Piyaporn , Chantawong Sarinya , Wittayapairoj Aumjit 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe challenge for anesthetic management for children with craniofacial deformities is to develop comprehensive anesthetic care. The purposes of this study were to review the authors’ experience with airway management and ventilator support and evaluate outcome during the perioperative period among these patients at the Tawanchai Center, Srinagarind Hospital.MethodsA retrospective (2005–2009), descriptive study was conducted to analyze the anesthetic management and perioperative outcomes among children with craniofacial deformities at the Tawanchai Center. Techniques for airway management included direct laryngoscope (DL), DL with stylet, fiber‐optic bronchoscope (FOB), laryngeal mask airway, retrograde intubation, a combination of these techniques and more than one anesthesiologist.ResultsForty‐five children with craniofacial deformities were classified as having the following: craniosynostosis; craniofacial microsomia; Treacher–Collins syndrome (TCS); coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia choanae, retarded growth and/or development, genital and/or urinary abnormalities, ear abnormalities and deafness (CHARGE) syndrome; frontoethmoidal encephalomeningocele; Pierre Robin sequence; and craniofacial cleft. Most of the patients underwent induction of anesthesia by inhalation of an anesthetic agent. The children with TCS were the most difficult group with regard to airway management with DL view (13%), and multiple airway accessories and intubation techniques were needed. The two most common methods for management of difficult airway obstructions were the use of stylet and FOB. No complications occurred during intubation and minor complications were observed during the perioperative period.ConclusionA successful outcome depended on the provision of interdisciplinary craniofacial team management, comprehensive anesthetic evaluation and management, well‐informed and cooperative children and supportive family members.
Testing of midwife neonatal resuscitation skills with a simulator manikin in a low‐risk delivery unit
Authors: Rovamo Liisa M. , Mattila Minna‐Maria , Andersson Sture , Rosenberg Per H. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundExpertise in neonatal resuscitation is essential for personnel involved in the care of newborns. In this observational cohort study the skills of 52 midwives in a simulated scenario were assessed.MethodsA total of 52 midwives in a low‐risk unit and five specialist nurses in a high‐risk unit were tested to establish their competence in newborn resuscitation. The 52 midwives were divided into groups 1 (n = 39; no pretest training) and 2 (n = 13; 1 day training prior to study). The video‐recorded test scenario was a newborn with asphyxia. Thirty items were graded by a neonatologist and nursing team in real time. Using the Angoff method, a pass score was 18.71 for skills that were graded 0 or 1.ResultsThe average score of specialist nurses was 26 (range, 23–29). A total of 49% of midwives in group 1 and 92% in group 2 passed the test. The average score was 17.7 (range, 9–25) in group 1 and 21.9 (range, 17–27) in group 2. A total of 27% and 77% of midwives in groups 1 and 2, respectively, carried out ventilation at a frequency as per the algorithm. Mask leakage was higher in group 1 (44%) versus group 2 (23%). Five and three midwives in groups 1 and 2, respectively, overexpanded the lungs.ConclusionMany midwives had imperfect resuscitation skills. A 1 day course improved such skills. The standard scenario is an objective and useful performance marker in assessing and documenting improvements in competence in delivery room resuscitation.
Reno‐portal anastomosis as an approach to pediatric kidney transplantation in the setting of inferior vena cava thrombosis
Authors: Cauley R. P. , Potanos K. , Fullington N. , Lillehei C. , Vakili K. , Kim H. B. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn pediatric renal transplantation in the setting of IVC thrombosis, the retrohepatic IVC or gonadal veins are often used for outflow. However, if use of systemic venous outflow is unsuccessful, options become limited. We report the use of the portal vein for venous outflow in kidney retransplantation in the setting of IVC thrombosis. The patient is a 19‐month‐old male who developed end‐stage renal failure at seven months of age secondary to hypotension after spontaneous rupture of an accessory renal vein. The IVC was occluded during emergent laparotomy, and the patient developed extensive IVC thrombosis. The first two transplant attempts used the retrohepatic IVC for venous outflow. Despite good initial flow, in both instances the renal vein thrombosed on post‐operative day 1. In an unsuccessful salvage attempt of the second transplant, a reno‐portal anastomosis was performed. With few options for vascular access, a third transplant was attempted. The reno‐portal stump from the second transplant was used for outflow. The patient recovered well from his third transplant (creatinine 0.6 mg/dL 35 months post‐surgery), demonstrating that the portal vein can be used for outflow in cases of extensive IVC thrombosis.
Severe lung injury and lung biopsy in children post‐hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: The differences between allogeneic and autologous transplantation
Authors: Gassas Adam , Craig‐Barnes Hayley , Dell Sharon D , Cox Peter , Schechter Tal , Doyle John , Sung Lillian , Egeler Maarten , Palaniyar Nades 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTo review outcome of children post‐allogeneic (allo) and autologous (auto) SCT with severe lung injury who had lung biopsy and to determine whether the diagnoses provided by lung biopsy had an impact on outcome. Retrospective study was carried out from January 2000 to June 2010. Nine hundred and eighteen children (0–18 yr) received SCT (allo 476, auto 442), and 59 biopsies were performed in 48 patients. Most common result of lung biopsy was non‐infectious inflammation and recurrent disease in allo‐ and autorecipients, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, survival of allorecipients who had management change was inferior (p = 0.002; HR: 3.12). These patients were extremely sick, and management change was the last attempt to stabilize their respiratory status. There was a trend toward superior survival for children who had biopsy after 100 days following SCT (p = 0.09; HR: 0.55) and a trend toward inferior survival for those with proven infections within two wk of biopsy (p = 0.07; HR: 2.14). Only 31% of allorecipients and 25% of autorecipients survived. There were no biopsy‐related complications. Lung biopsy itself appears to be well tolerated, although requiring a biopsy seems to carry a poor prognosis; this seems to be due to different causes, auto (relapse), allo (non‐infectious inflammation).
Changing strategies for organ transplantation in atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome: A tertiary case series
Authors: Forbes Thomas A. , Bradbury Mark G. , Goodship Tim H. J. , McKiernan Patrick J. , Milford David V. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe present three cases of organ transplantation for atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome secondary to complement factor H mutation: one isolated renal transplant; one previously reported isolated liver transplant; and one combined liver and kidney transplant. All three patients were treated prior to the licensing of eculizumab for this condition, and all have had favourable outcomes with maintenance of graft function for years following transplantation. We discuss the evolution of transplantation therapy for aHUS over the last two decades. Transplantation decision‐making in aHUS has evolved over this time with expanding knowledge of pathophysiology and genetics, alongside refined plasma exchange and anticoagulation protocols and improved centre experience. Our cases demonstrate how individual patient factors within this heterogeneous condition also underlie transplantation decisions and outcomes. Whilst our cases demonstrate that transplantation in aHUS can be a successful long‐term treatment providing good quality of life, worldwide experience has proven that most curative treatment for aHUS strategies represents significant risks. Whether new pharmacotherapies such as eculizumab will alter this risk is yet to be determined.
A New Perspective on Temperamental Shyness: Differential Susceptibility to Endoenvironmental Influences
Authors: Schmidt Louis A. , Miskovic Vladimir 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this review, we adapt and extend a model recently used to account for differences in risk and resiliency outcomes to explain individual differences in temperamental shyness. The differential susceptibility to environmental influences model posits that heightened biological sensitivity and reactivity in the individual can predict different outcomes for better or for worse, depending on environmental influences outside (i.e., exogenous) of the individual. In this article, we extend this existing model and argue that the environment can also be conceptualized as a unique set of dynamic conditions and influences operating within (i.e., endogenous) the individual that are orthogonal to some biological sensitivity factors. In this new model, continuous brain electrical activity at rest constitutes one endogenous environmental condition that can vary (leftward to rightward) and influence gene expression to confer different outcomes, for better (sociability) or for worse (shyness). We then discuss how this model can be tested, as well as its potential implications for theory, development, and practice.
Motivation and Personality: A Neuropsychological Perspective
Authors: Corr Philip J. , DeYoung Colin G. , McNaughton Neil 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPersonality is strongly influenced by motivation systems that organise responses to rewards and punishments and that drive approach and avoidance behavior. Neuropsychological research has identified: (a) two avoidance systems, one related to pure active avoidance and escape, and one to passive avoidance and behavioral inhibition produced by goal‐conflict; and (b) two approach systems, one related to the actions of reward seeking and one to experience and behavior related to pleasure on receiving reward. These systems mediate fluid moment‐by‐moment reactions to changing stimuli, with relatively stable person‐specific sensitivities to these stimuli manifested in personality traits. We review what is known about these motivational traits, integrating the theory‐driven approach based on animal learning paradigms with the empirical tradition of the Big Five personality model.
Experimental and Numerical Crashworthiness Investigation of the Empty and Foam‐Filled Conical Tube with Shallow Spherical Caps
Authors: Ghamarian A. , Zarei H. R. , Farsi M. A. , Ariaeifar N. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper experimentally investigates the crash responses of the empty and polyurethane foam‐filled conical tubes with shallow spherical caps under quasi‐static axial loading. To find more details about the energy absorption mechanism, finite element methods is used to simulate the crush process. In terms of finding more efficient and lighter crash absorbers particularly, the energy absorption and specific energy absorption and load ratio have been considered. The influences of the tube geometrical and material parameters such as radius of spherical region, wall thickness, length, semi‐apical angle and foam density on the energy absorption mechanism have been investigated. This study provides practical information for the use of thin‐walled tubes with shallow spherical caps as energy absorbers in aerospace applications to design reentry of sounding rocket based on foam‐filled conical tube with shallow spherical caps.
Environmental prevention of infection in stem cell transplant recipients: a survey of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Hicheri Y. , Einsele H. , Martino R. , Cesaro S. , Ljungman P. , Cordonnier C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe developments of peripheral blood stem cells in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto‐HCT), and of reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens in allogeneic HCT (allo‐HCT), have considerably changed the transplant approach. Prolonged neutropenia combined with severe mucosal damage and organ dysfunction is no longer the rule in the early post‐HCT pancytopenic phase. Although strict isolation during pancytopenia was followed by most HCT units in the past, this may not be the current practice.MethodsIn 2008, a questionnaire was sent out to the 463 European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation centers, enquiring about their current environmental protection procedures; 89 (20%) returned the questionnaire.ResultsMost centers housed auto‐HCT recipients in high‐efficiency particulate air (HEPA)‐filtered rooms without (52%) or with laminar air flow (LAF) (29%) after total body irradiation (TBI), whereas HEPA‐filtered rooms were used in 53% of auto‐HCT conditioned without TBI. During the initial pancytopenic phase after allo‐HCT, patients were housed in HEPA/LAF rooms in 50% and 42% of the centers, if a high‐dose myeloablative conditioning regimen or a RIC regimen was used, respectively. Surprisingly, 8–24% of the centers reported that no isolation procedures were used in patients colonized or infected with highly transmissible pathogens (i.e., Clostridium difficile, respiratory viruses, and varicella zoster virus).ConclusionIn conclusion, universal recommendations for infected or colonized patients may be poorly known or applied in many HCT units.
Incremental costs of treating tetanus with intrathecal antitetanus immunoglobulin
Authors: Miranda‐Filho Demócrito B. , Ximenes Ricardo A. A. , Siqueira‐Filha Noêmia T. , Santos Andreia C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the incremental cost of delivering intrathecal tetanus immunoglobulin compared to an intramuscular option.MethodsTo compare the two interventions, costs were estimated using standard cost methodology. Cost categories were personnel, overhead, consumables, antibiotics to treat infection, gases for respiratory assistance and immunoglobulin. Tetanus patients, aged 12 years or older, who were part of a randomised controlled clinical trial conducted in a referral hospital inRecife,Brazil, were allocated to two groups: a control group (58) and a study group (62). Patients allocated to the control group received 3000 international units (IU) of human immunoglobulin, with preservative, intramuscularly. The study group received the same quantity of immunoglobulin also intramuscularlyplusan intrathecal dose of 1000IUof a human immunoglobulin, free of preservatives, to prevent irritation of the meninges and avoid the need for corticosteroids. Thus, the difference between the two groups was the exclusive use of intrathecal immunoglobulin. The outcome measurements were clinical progression, hospital stay, respiratory assistance and respiratory infection.ResultsDelivering intrathecal immunoglobulin to patients saved a total ofUS$ 60 389, in a 10‐day intensive care treatment, by preventing a worsening of their tetanus severity (e.g. fromGrade I toGradesII,III,IV). Substantial cost saving was also observed in terms of hospital stay (US$ 173 104).ConclusionsIntrathecal treatment of tetanus is cost saving. This intervention deserves consideration by doctors and decision‐makers as a mean of saving resources while maintaining high‐quality health outcomes.
Long‐term return behavior of Chinese whole blood donors
Authors: Guo Nan , Wang Jingxing , Yu Qilu , Yang Tonghan , Dong Xiangdong , Wen Guoxin , Tiemuer Mei‐hei‐li , Li Julin , He Weilan , Lv Yunlai , Ma Hongli , Wen Xiuqiong , Huang Mei , Ness Paul , Liu Jing , Wright David J. , Nelson Kenrad , Shan Hua ,   NHLBI Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II (REDS‐II), International Component
Published: March 2013

BackgroundIt is important to understand donor return behavior to maintain sufficient numbers of blood donors in developing countries where blood supplies are often inadequate.Study Design and MethodsA total of 54,267 whole blood (WB) donors who donated between January 1 and March 31, 2008, at the five blood centers in China were followed for 2.5 years. Logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with their return behavior. A recurrent‐event Cox proportional‐hazard model was used to evaluate the overall effect of demographic variables and return behavior among first‐time donors.ResultsDonors with previous donation history were more likely to return and the number of previous returns was positively associated with future return (odds ratios, 3.31, 4.82, and 8.16 for one, two to three, and more than three times compared to none). Thirty‐four percent of donors (first‐time donor, 21%; repeat donor, 54%) made at least one return donation, with 14% returning in the first 9 months. The multivariable logistic regression model for all WB donors and the Cox proportional hazard model for first‐time donors showed consistent predictors for return: female sex, older age (≥25 years), larger volume (300 or 400 mL), and donating in satellite collection site.ConclusionEncouraging first‐time donors to make multiple donations is important for keeping adequate blood supply. The finding that first‐time and repeat donors shared the same predictors for return indicates that retention strategies on repeat donors may be effective on first‐time donors. Studies on motivators and barriers to return are needed, so that successful retention strategies can be tailored.