bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of successful opioid deprescribing: Insights from French pain physicians—A qualitative study
Authors: Nizet Pierre , Deme Laure , Evin Adrien , Kuhn Emmanuelle , Nizard Julien , Victorri Vigneau Caroline , Huon Jean‐François 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term use of opioids does not result in significant clinical improvement and has shown more adverse than beneficial effects in chronic pain conditions. When opioids cause more adverse effects than benefits for the patient, it may be necessary to initiate a process of deprescribing.AimTo explore the perceptions of French pain physicians regarding the process of opioid deprescribing in patients experiencing chronic non‐cancer and to generate an understanding of the barriers and levers to the deprescribing process.MethodsWe conducted a multicentric observational study with qualitative approach. Individual semi‐structured interviews exploring pain physicians' perceptions, beliefs, and representations to assess the determinants of opioid deprescribing with an interview guide were used. After checking the transcripts, an inductive and independent thematic analysis of the interviews was to extract meaningful themes from the dataset.ResultsTwelve pain physicians were interviewed. The main obstacles to deprescribing revolved around patient‐specific attributes, characteristics of the opioids themselves, and limitations within the current healthcare system, that hinder optimal patient management. Conversely, patient motivation and education, recourse to hospitalization in a Pain Department with multidisciplinary care, follow‐up by the general practitioner, and training and information dissemination among patients and clinicians emerged as facilitative elements for opioid deprescribing.ConclusionThis study underscores the needs to improve the training of healthcare professionals, the effective communication of pertinent information to patients, and the establishment of a therapeutic partnership with the patient. It is therefore essential to carry out the deprescribing process in a collaborative and interprofessional manner, encompassing both pharmaceutical and non‐pharmaceutical strategies.
Parent experiences during delivery, postpartum, and adoption of children with congenital melanocytic nevi
Authors: Kozina Yuliya , Williams Kendrick J. , Politi Mary C. , Frieden Ilona J. , Coughlin Carrie C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground/AimsCongenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) are often unexpected discoveries at time of childbirth or adoption. Understanding how parents/guardians cope with these visible birthmarks can help clinicians better care for children and their families. Using qualitative methods, we sought to categorize early family responses to CMN and identify approaches to better engage with parents early in their child's life.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted within a broader study on shared decision making for families with children with CMN. Discussions included information on birth and early life experiences. Data was dual‐coded, inductively and deductively, and analyzed with the Parker and Endler framework exploring emotion‐, task‐, and avoidance‐oriented coping.ResultsFifteen parents of 13 children were interviewed. Parents described all three categories of coping. Emotions ranged from guilt, to neutrality, to positive responses seeing their child's CMN. Stress was lower in families with prior knowledge of CMN. Dermatology referral provided an opportunity for learning, but also triggered worry for some families.ConclusionsParents process and react to the diagnosis of CMN with a range of emotions and coping styles. Dermatologists can utilize open‐ended questions to understand family emotions and provide families with tailored knowledge and resources. Early discussion of the diagnosis and family education are important support tools.
In case of emergency break glass: Reckoning with Project 2025
Authors: LaBarca Vincent 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPublic health nursing frequently finds itself at the nexus of community and politics. It is a precarious position, one that demands a keen understanding of how decisions made in the halls of power impact the most vulnerable among us. From gutting Medicaid and TANF to eroding protections for LGBTQ individuals and female‐headed households, Project 2025 is an affront to public health nursing's moral foundation and professional ethos. This personal reflection challenges nurses to embrace their role as advocates for a more just and equitable society.
Breast cancer during pregnancy of Luminal A type overexpressed CXCL13
Authors: Nozaki Fumi , Nakanishi Yoko , Tanino Tomoyuki , Ochi Tomohiro , In Reika , Kajiura Yuka , Kida Kumiko , Takei Junko , Yoshida Atsushi , Kanomata Naoki , Kitano Atsuko , Yamauchi Hideko , Masuda Shinobu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPregnancy‐associated breast cancer has been increasing. In this study, we analyzed patients with breast cancer that occurred during pregnancy (PrBC) and compared their genetic profiles with those of patients with breast cancer that did not occur during pregnancy, within 1 year after childbirth nor during lactation (non‐PrBC). We performed gene expression analyses of patients with PrBC and non‐PrBC using microarrays and qRT‐PCR. Microarray analysis showed that 355 genes were upregulated in the luminal‐type PrBC group compared to those in the non‐PrBC group. The C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) gene was the most upregulated in the PrBC group compared to that in the non‐PrBC group, especially in the luminal A‐type (p = 0.016). This result was corroborated by the qRT‐PCR analysis of microdissected cancer cells (p < 0.001). A negative correlation was observed between CXCL13 and estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mRNA expression levels in luminal A‐type breast carcinoma (p < 0.001). Our results provide clues for a better understanding of breast cancer pathogenesis during pregnancy.
HcLEA113, a late embryogenesis abundant protein gene, positively regulates drought‐stress responses in kenaf
Authors: Luo Dengjie , Wang Caijin , Mubeen Samavia , Rehman Muzammal , Cao Shan , Yue Jiao , Pan Jiao , Jin Gang , Li Ru , Chen Tao , Chen Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLate embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins have been widely recognized for their role in various abiotic stress responses in higher plants. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism responsible for the function of LEA proteins in plants has not yet been explored. This research involved the isolation and characterization of HcLEA113 from kenaf, revealing a significant increase in its expression in response to drought stress. When HcLEA113 was introduced into yeast, it resulted in an improved survival rate under drought conditions. Furthermore, the overexpression of HcLEA113 in tobacco plants led to enhanced tolerance to drought stress. Specifically, HcLEA113‐OE plants exhibited higher germination rates, longer root lengths, greater chlorophyll content, and higher relative water content under drought stress compared to wild‐type (WT) plants, while their relative conductivity was significantly lower than that of WT plants. Further physiological measurements revealed that the proline content, soluble sugars, and antioxidant activities of WT and HcLEA113‐OE tobacco leaves increased significantly under drought stress, with greater changes in HcLEA113‐OE plants than WT. The increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions (O2−), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly lower in HcLEA113‐OE lines than in WT plants. Additionally, HcLEA113‐OE plants can activate reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐ and osmotic‐related genes in response to drought stress. On the other hand, silencing the HcLEA113 gene through virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) in kenaf plants led to notable growth suppression when exposed to drought conditions, manifesting as decreased plant height and dry weight. Meanwhile, antioxidant enzymes' activity significantly decreased and the ROS content increased. This study offers valuable insights for future research on the genetic engineering of drought resistance in plants.
Uptake and engagement of a clinically moderated digital peer support platform to support the mental well‐being older adults: a qualitative investigation
Authors: Wilson Jessica , Heinsch Milena , Tickner Campbell , Speirs Bronte , Wells Hannah , Kay‐Lambkin Frances 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe uptake of traditional mental health services among older adults remains low. Digital peer support offers older adults a resource for engaging with others to independently support their mental well‐being. This qualitative study explored the uptake and engagement of a clinically moderated digital peer support platform (Breathing Space) for older adults with depressive symptoms and alcohol use concerns.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 30 participants aged 60–80 years explored participants' uptake and engagement with Breathing Space, a novel, moderated, private, and anonymous peer support platform. Data were analysed using reflective thematic analysis and are discussed with reference to the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology2.ResultsThree themes were constructed to characterize participants' experiences: (i) navigating the complexities of peer‐peer online engagement; (ii) the function of anonymity in online connection; and (iii) experiences of app features and content.ConclusionsFuture development of digital peer support for older adults would benefit from the following: (i) co‐design with older adults; (ii) providing choice over anonymity and increased options for interacting with peers; (iii) streamlining the basic functionality with popular platforms; (iv) providing options for users to curate their digital experience; and (v) providing telephone support for troubleshooting technical difficulties. Future research should explore the use of digital peer support among older adults who experience social exclusion challenges.
School absence legislation governing in Norway, Sweden and Denmark for children with chronic illness in compulsory education—A comparative study
Authors: Skoubo Sofie , Handberg Charlotte , Weibel Mette , Larsen Hanne Bækgaard 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealth and education are interrelated and influence social, economic and lifestyle perspectives. Children with chronic illnesses experience barriers in the educational system regarding school attendance and social isolation. Gaining knowledge of compulsory education and how children with chronic illnesses are supported is crucial for the implications of future education policy and legislation in Scandinavia. This study compares Scandinavian legislation frameworks on compulsory education, chronic illness and school absence to form the basis of future research on education for children with chronic illness.MethodsThe study uses a comparative approach to explore the support of children with chronic illnesses in compulsory education across Norway, Sweden and Denmark. The documents included are 3 education acts and 15 secondary documents, which are notes and guidelines for the education acts. The data were analysed using a manifest content analysis.FindingsWe found four categories and six subcategories: (1) school obligation and rights; (2) chronic illness; (3) school absence: (a) categorisation of absence; (b) registration of absence; and (c) sanction; and (4) education support: (a) Hospital school support; (b) Home instruction support; and (c) technological support.ConclusionThis study's findings demonstrate the similarities and differences in the Scandinavian compulsory education legislation and guidelines regarding chronic illness and school absence. We found similarities across the countries regarding chronic illness and school absence. Still, the findings showed differences in the systematic registration of school absence and requirements for attendance with compulsory education in Norway and Denmark compared with compulsory schooling in Sweden. This knowledge will inform and enlighten future discussions and decisions in education and public health. The results can contribute to awareness of the opportunities for educational support and perspectives about education for children with chronic illnesses. Future research focusing on the experience of children with chronic illness and educational support is needed.
The causal relationship between immune cells and atopic dermatitis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Xu , Wu Wenzhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition whose origins remain unclear. Existing epidemiological evidence suggests that inflammation and immune factors play pivotal roles in the onset and progression of AD. However, previous research on the connection between immune inflammation and AD has yielded inconclusive results.MethodsTo evaluate the causal relationship between immunological characteristics and AD, this study employed a bidirectional, two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. We utilized large‐scale, publicly available genome‐wide association studies to investigate the causal associations between 731 immunological feature cells and the risk of AD.ResultsSignificant associations were identified between six immune phenotypes and AD risk: increased Basophil %CD33dim HLA DR−CD66b−, CD25 on IgD+ CD24+, CD40 on monocytes, HLA DR on CD14+ CD16−monocytes, HLA DR on CD14+monocytes correlated with higher AD risk, while elevated CD3 on CD4 Treg was linked to lower risk. Reverse MR analysis revealed AD as a risk factor for IgD+ CD38br AC and IgD+ CD38br %B cell, but a protective factor against CD20 on IgD+ CD38− naive and CD8 on NKT.ConclusionOur findings elucidate the intricate interplay between immune cells and AD, informing future research into AD pathophysiology and therapeutics.
Apparent Joint Swarms Formed by the Crack‐Jump Process
Authors: Peacock D. C. P. , Leiss B. , Anderson M. W. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTJoint swarms can be important components of fractured reservoirs. They are often explained as damage around faults or related to mechanical differences between layers, although this does not explain the close spacing of the joints. Joint swarms around Bergen (Norway) are described, which are not related to exposed faults and are not influenced by layering or foliation in the Lower Palaeozoic gneisses. We suggest an evolution whereby: (1) a zone of microcracks develops; (2) one microcrack propagates and becomes connected to a source of mineralising fluid; (3) the fracture becomes a microvein, with a higher tensile strength than the microcracked host rock; (4) another microcrack propagates and the cycle is repeated, producing a zone of microveins; (5) the veins are partly weathered out, producing an apparent joint swarm, or the microveins crack at or near the ground‐surface. Joint swarms in exposed analogues may therefore not occur at reservoir depths.
The definable content of homological invariants I: Ext$\mathrm{Ext}$ and lim1$\mathrm{lim}^1$
Authors: Bergfalk Jeffrey , Lupini Martino , Panagiotopoulos Aristotelis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis is the first installment in a series of papers illustrating how classical invariants of homological algebra and algebraic topology may be enriched with additional descriptive set theoretic information. To effect this enrichment, we show that many of these invariants may be naturally regarded as functors to the category, introduced herein, of groups with a Polish cover. The resulting definable invariants provide far stronger means of classification. In the present work we focus on the first derived functors of and . The resulting definable for pairs of countable abelian groups and definable for towers of Polish abelian groups substantially refine their classical counterparts. We show, for example, that the definable is a fully faithful contravariant functor from the category of finite‐rank torsion‐free abelian groups with no free summands; this contrasts with the fact that there are uncountably many non‐isomorphic such groups with isomorphic classical invariants . To facilitate our analysis, we introduce a general Ulam stability framework for groups with a Polish cover; within this framework we prove several rigidity results for non‐Archimedean abelian groups with a Polish cover. A special case of our main result answers a question of Kanovei and Reeken regarding quotients of ‐adic groups. Finally, using cocycle superrigidity methods for profinite actions of property (T) groups, we obtain a hierarchy of complexity degrees for the problem of classifying all group extensions of by up to base‐free isomorphism, when for prime numbers and .
Experiences of mental health practitioners after clients’ suicide: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Du Jian , Li Jiaoli , Kantor Jiří , Kabiri Neda , Svobodová Zuzana , Munn Zachary 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
The objective of this qualitative systematic review is to understand the experiences of mental health practitioners after clients’ suicide.

Introduction:
Mental health practitioners inevitably encounter client suicide during their careers, which can significantly affect their personal lives and professional outcomes. A deeper understanding of mental health practitioners’ experiences in the aftermath of clients’ suicide is necessary to provide effective support and assist with adaptation to this situation.

Inclusion criteria:
This systematic review will consider qualitative studies that explore the experiences of mental health practitioners, including psychotherapists, psychiatrists, psychological counselors, clinical psychologists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners, and social workers following clients’ suicide. Experiences may include emotional responses, coping strategies, changes in social relationships, and reflections on practice.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for qualitative systematic reviews. The databases to be searched will include PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase, PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), SocINDEX (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Bibliographia Medica Čechoslovaca, and Bibliographia Medica Slovaca. Gray literature sources will include Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Studies in English, Czech, Slovak, and Chinese will be assessed for inclusion regardless of publication date. Studies that are initially selected will be assessed for methodological quality using the JBI critical appraisal tool for qualitative studies. Then, findings with illustrations will be extracted for subsequent meta-aggregation and ConQual assessment. All the above steps will be conducted by 2 independent reviewers.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023410523
Role of the peripheral chemoreceptors in cardiovascular and metabolic control in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Limberg Jacqueline K. , Ott Elizabeth P. , Pipkins Aubrey M. , Lis Eric C. , Gonsalves Anna M. , Harper Jennifer L. , Manrique‐Acevedo Camila 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPreclinical work supports a role for the peripheral chemoreceptors in the progression of cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies. In the present study, we examined peripheral chemosensitivity in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the contribution of the peripheral chemoreceptors to resting cardiovascular and metabolic control. We hypothesized that: (1) adults with T2D exhibit exaggerated peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity; (2) the peripheral chemoreceptors contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction in T2D; and (3) attenuation of peripheral chemoreceptor activity improves glucose tolerance in T2D. Seventeen adults with diagnosed T2D [six males/11 females; aged 54 ± 11 years; glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.6 ± 1.5%] and 20 controls without T2D (9 males/11 females; aged 49 ± 13 years, HbA1c 5.2 ± 0.4%) participated in the study. The hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) was assessed as an index of peripheral chemosensitivity. Resting heart rate, blood pressure and minute ventilation were measured when breathing normoxic followed by hyperoxic air (1.0) to acutely attenuate peripheral chemoreceptor activity. A subset of participants (n = 9 per group) completed two additional visits [normoxia (0.21), hyperoxia (1.0)] where glucose and insulin were measured for 2 h following an oral glucose challenge. HVR was augmented in adults with T2D (–0.84 ± 0.49 L min–1/%) vs. control (–0.48 ± 0.40 L min–1/%, P = 0.021). Attenuation of peripheral chemoreceptor activity decreased heart rate (P < 0.001), mean blood pressure (P = 0.009) and minute ventilation (P = 0.002); any effect of hyperoxia did not differ between groups. There was no effect of hyperoxia on the glucose (control, P = 0.864; T2D, P = 0.982), nor insulin (control, P = 0.763; T2D, P = 0.189) response to the oral glucose challenge. Peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity is elevated in adults with T2D; however, acute attenuation of peripheral chemoreflex activity with hyperoxia does not restore cardiometabolic function.
imageKey points
Preclinical work supports a role for the peripheral chemoreceptors in the progression of cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies. In the present study, we examined peripheral chemosensitivity in adults with type 2 diabetes and the contribution of the peripheral chemoreceptors to resting cardiovascular control and glucose tolerance. We observed elevated peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity in adults with diabetes which was associated with glycaemic control (i.e. glycated haemoglobin). Notably, acute attenuation of peripheral chemoreflex activity with hyperoxia did not restore cardiometabolic function in the individuals studied.
Mitigating Crouch Gait With an Autonomous Pediatric Knee Exoskeleton in the Neurologically Impaired
Authors: Lee Dawit , Mulrine Sierra C. , Shepherd Max K. , Westberry David E. , Rogozinski Benjamin M. , Herrin Kinsey R. , Young Aaron J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Crouch gait is one of the most common compensatory walking patterns found in individuals with neurological disorders, often accompanied by their limited physical capacity. Notable kinematic characteristics of crouch gait are excessive knee flexion during stance and reduced range of motion during swing. Knee exoskeletons have the potential to improve crouch gait by providing precisely controlled torque assistance directly to the knee joint. In this study, we implemented a finite-state machine-based impedance controller for a powered knee exoskeleton to provide assistance during both stance and swing phases for five children and young adults who exhibit chronic crouch gait. The assistance provided a strong orthotic effect, increasing stance phase knee extension by an average of 12 deg. Additionally, the knee range of motion during swing was increased by an average of 15 deg. Changes to spatiotemporal outcomes, such as preferred walking speed and percent stance phase, were inconsistent across subjects and indicative of the underlying intricacies of user response to assistance. This study demonstrates the potential of knee exoskeletons operating in impedance control to mitigate the negative kinematic characteristics of crouch gait during both stance and swing phases of gait.