bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potentials of
Cannabis
as versatile additive in consumer, industrial and medicinal products and green synthesis of nanoparticles: A systematic review
Authors: Hussain Adil , Batool Maira , Saeed Asma , Alim-Un-Nisa  , Abidi Syed Hussain Imam , Syed Quratulain 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The rapidly growing human population has upsurged the need for natural resources, endangering the environment and widening the gaps between availability and needs. The objective of this review was to compile the reported data on
Cannabis-
based food, beverage, cosmetics, textiles, composites and medicinal products with an emphasis on the regulatory framework and guidelines on
Cannabis
use,
Cannabis-
based green synthesis of NPs, and multiple ways of incorporating
Cannabis
with emphasis on critical factors to be considered while using
Cannabis
as an additive. We searched the data across scientific databases such as Google Scholar, SciELO, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and some conference papers, books, dissertations and government reports. Almost 20 different
Cannabis
-based food and beverage products with enriched nutrition and 11 cosmetic products have been developed and reported with improved quality. The utilization of
Cannabis
for the development of textiles, composites and different kinds of medicines like Dronabinol (Marinol®), Nabilone, Sativex® or Nabiximols®, Cannapain® and
Cannabis
variety based preparations/products (on CBD and THC content basis) including Bedrocan, Bedica, Bedrolite, Bediol and Bedrobinol are available for human use. Various
Cannabis
NPs, including gold (AuNPs), silver (AgNPs), and selenium (SeNPs), are green synthesized with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potentials. Because of the endless need for re-invention and the speedy evolution of the market, industries have found a state-of-the-art opportunity to develop various products and nanoparticles (NPs) using
Cannabis
as a versatile constituent, however, the efficacy of edible products depends upon the level of psychoactive THC present in
Cannabis
. Overall, the data provided here on
Cannabis
-based consumers, industrial and medicinal products, green synthesis of
Cannabis
NPs, and multiple ways of
Cannabis
incorporation in products considering possible challenges could add significant contributions to the global
Cannabis
research.
Technology at the Table: Incorporating AI into Contemporary Food Industry Operations
Authors: Kataria Priyanka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The discipline of computer science known as artificial intelligence (AI) mimics human thought processes, learning capacities, and knowledge stores. There are many different algorithms available in AI, including fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), etc., which offers myriad opportunities to solve approaching problems in food and agricultural sectors, including global food demand. AI has been used in supply chain management, manufacturing improvement, food quality enhancement, and in maintenance of industrial hygiene. By employing a computerized system, the industry can assess and then deliver the product in the most favourable conditions at every stage, for example, by keeping an eye on all seed selection, crop monitoring, agricultural operations, such as watering, and temperature monitoring, new product development, and maintaining food industry safety standards which could enhance the quality of the products. Nevertheless, there are obstacles in the way of AI’s implementation in the food industry like data privacy issues, job displacement through automation, flaws in algorithms used in making decisions and difficulties in compliance with laws and regulations. The ethical implications of food safety and sustainability make the application of AI much more challenging. The food industry’s future depends on a holistic approach that takes advantage of AI’s potential while maintaining ethical and environmentally friendly operations.

Information
© The Author 2024
Using PARO, a robotic seal, to support people living with dementia: ‘what works’ in inpatient dementia care settings?
Authors: Shoesmith Emily , Clarke Chris , McPherson Grace , Ratschen Elena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroduction: The robotic seal PARO has received increased attention as a new technology to support people living with dementia in terms of emotional and physiological outcomes. However, little research has been conducted to improve understanding of how and why PARO may work within inpatient dementia care. We investigate for whom PARO works best in this setting, and why PARO may work. Methods: Informed by principles from realist methodology, qualitative interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals, participants with dementia and their relatives to explore experiences related to the delivery and receipt of an intervention using PARO in an inpatient dementia ward in the United Kingdom (UK). Observations of PARO intervention sessions were conducted to gain further insight into provision and implementation of sessions using PARO in ‘real time’. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, and using the process of configuration mapping, we constructed a visualisation of our findings framed within the Intervention-Context-Actor-Mechanisms-Outcomes (ICAMO) model. Results: The visualisation of our findings framed within the ICAMO model suggests that PARO may result in positive outcomes within inpatient dementia care due to a range of potential mechanisms, including enhancement of social interactions, developing a sense of attachment, evoking emotive memories, physical interaction, and perceiving the robotic animal as a live being. For these mechanisms to be activated, the sessions should be structured but participant-led, and be delivered as needed in a one-to-one setting by a skilled facilitator. Conclusion: Using PARO in an inpatient dementia care context appeared promising and well-received in this small observational study. This study explicitly considers the context and mechanisms of using PARO within inpatient dementia care settings, presenting findings in a structured visualisation framed within the ICAMO model and offering a theoretical basis for future intervention research.
Floquet-engineered valley topotronics in Kekulé-Y bond textured graphene superlattice
Authors: Saha Sushmita , Mawrie Alestin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The exquisite distortion in a Kekulé -Y (Kek-Y) superlattice merges the two inequivalent Dirac cones (from the K- and the K′- points) into the highest symmetric Γ-point in the hexagonal Brillouin zone. Here, we report that UV circularly polarized light not only opens up a topological gap at the Γ-point, but also lifts the valley degeneracy at that point. Endowed with Floquet dynamics and by devising a scheme of high-frequency approximation, we propose that the left/right-handedness in polarized light offers the possibility to realize valley-selective circular dichroism in a Kek-Y-shaped graphene superlattice. In addition, the non-vanishing Berry curvature and enumeration of the valley-resolved Chern number

C

K

/

C

K
′

=
+
1

/

−
1

enable us to assign two pseudospin flavors (up/down) with the two valleys. Thereby, the above observations confirm the topological transition, suggesting the ease of realizing the valley quantum anomalous Hall state within the photon-dressed Kek-Y. These findings further manifest a non-zero optical valley polarization that is maximal at the Γ-point. Our paper thus proposes an optically switchable topological valley filter, which is desired in the evolving landscape of valleytronics.
Influence of the Hall-bar geometry on texture-induced topological spin transport in two-dimensional Rashba spin–orbit ferromagnets
Authors: Guo Yufei , Zhuo Fengjun , Li Hang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
While the recent prediction and observation of magnetic skyrmions bears inspiring promise for next-generation spintronic devices, how to detect and track their position becomes an important issue. In this work, we investigate the spin transport in a two-dimensional magnetic nanoribbon with the Hall-bar geometry in the presence of Rashba spin–orbit coupling and magnetic skyrmions. We employ the Kwant tight-binding code to compute the Hall conductance and local spin-polarized current density. We consider two versions of the model: One with single skyrmion and one with two separate skyrmions. It is found that the size and position of the skyrmions strongly modulate the Hall conductance near the Hall-bar position. The geometry of the Hall bar also has a strong influence on the Hall conductance of the system. With the decreasing of the width of Hall leads, the peak of Hall conductance becomes sharper. We also show the spatial distribution of the spin-polarized current density around a skyrmion located at different positions. We extend this study toward two separate skyrmions, where the Hall conductance also reveals a sizable dependence on the position of the skyrmions and their distance. Our numerical analysis offers the possibility of electrically detecting the skyrmion position, which could have potential applications in ultrahigh-density storage design.
Accelerometer static state detection (SSD)-assisted GNSS/accelerometer bridge monitoring algorithm
Authors: Yang Huan , Li Xin , Du Yuan , Jing Ce , Liu Guolin , Zhang Kai , Haung Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the field of structural health monitoring, a loosely coupled (LC) Kalman filtering algorithm that accounts for baseline drift errors is commonly used to integrate Global Satellite Navigation and Positioning System (GNSS) data with accelerometer data. In the LC algorithm, the baseline drift errors are considered unknown parameters that need to be estimated. In scenario of continuous float solutions, the estimation of baseline drift errors is often inaccurate, leading to the divergence of monitoring results. Theoretically, as a type of motion sensor, accelerometers are expected to qualitatively determine the priori state of bridges, whether dynamic or static. Utilizing the inherent characteristics of accelerometers and the principle of zero-velocity detection in integrated navigation, we originally propose a bridge static state detection (SSD) method based on low-cost accelerometer, and introduces this prior SSD information as a constraint in GNSS/accelerometer LC algorithm, called SSD-LC bridge monitoring algorithm. Through a simulation platform and real-world bridge monitored tests, the effectiveness of our proposed SSD method has been verified. Furthermore, our proposed SSD-LC bridge monitoring algorithm can effectively mitigate the divergence problem in baseline drift estimation that occurs with continuous GNSS float solutions in traditional algorithms, which can effectively avoid misjudgments and false alarms in bridge monitoring during GNSS anomalies.
Surface crack detection on selective laser melting printed Inconel 718 using a laser generated ultrasound technique and phase space reconstruction
Authors: Yang Huadong , Song Rongxin , Ma Geng , Wang Jianhua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the field of metallic additive manufacturing, selective laser melting (SLM) has become a predominant technology due to its advantages of short production cycles, high precision, and low cost. It is frequently employed in the production of complex parts. This paper proposes the use of a scanning laser line source, in conjunction with the singular value decomposition method, to reconstruct phase space and identify surface cracks in SLM specimens. The scanning laser line source addresses the limitations of a single line source, which is often unable to accurately detect tiny cracks. By comparing experimental and simulation data, the results demonstrate that the scanning laser line source can effectively compensate for some of the detection deficiencies of a single line source.
Large-area and few-layered 1T′-MoTe2 thin films grown by cold-wall chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Chi Ping-Feng , Chuang Yung-Lan , Yu Zide , Zhang Jing-Wen , Wang Jing-Jie , Lee Ming-Lun , Sheu Jinn-Kong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study employs cold-wall chemical vapor deposition to achieve the growth of MoTe2 thin films on 4-inch sapphire substrates. A two-step growth process is utilized, incorporating MoO3 and Te powder sources under low-pressure conditions to synthesize MoTe2. The resultant MoTe2 thin films exhibit a dominant 1T′ phase, as evidenced by a prominent Raman peak at 161 cm−1. This preferential 1T′ phase formation is attributed to controlled manipulation of the second-step growth temperature, essentially the reaction stage between Te vapor and the pre-deposited MoO
x
layer. Under these optimized growth conditions, the thickness of the continuous 1T′-MoTe2 films can be precisely tailored within the range of 3.5–5.7 nm (equivalent to 5–8 layers), as determined by atomic force microscopy depth profiling. Hall-effect measurements unveil a typical hole concentration and mobility of 0.2 cm2 Vs−1 and 7.9 × 1021 cm−3, respectively, for the synthesized few-layered 1T′-MoTe2 films. Furthermore, Ti/Al bilayer metal contacts deposited on the few-layered 1T′-MoTe2 films exhibit low specific contact resistances of approximately 1.0 × 10−4 Ω cm2 estimated by the transfer length model. This finding suggests a viable approach for achieving low ohmic contact resistance using the 1T′-MoTe2 intermediate layer between metallic electrodes and two-dimensional semiconductors.
Atomically thin-layered WS2 based resistive sensors for detection of CO and NO2 at room temperature
Authors: Gorthala Guruprasad , Ghosh Ruma 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The number of layers present in a two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial plays a critical role in applications that involve surface interaction, for example, gas sensing. This paper reports the synthesis of 2D WS2 nanoflakes using the facile liquid exfoliation technique. The nanoflakes were exfoliated using bath sonication (BS-WS2) and probe sonication (PS-WS2). The thickness of the BS-WS2 was found to range between 70 and 200 nm, and that of PS-WS2 varied from 0.6 to 80 nm, indicating the presence of single to few layers of WS2 when characterized using atomic force microscope. All the WS2 samples were thoroughly characterized using electron microscopes, x-ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, and thermogravimetric analyser. Both the nanostructured samples were exposed to 2 ppm of NO2 at room temperature. Interestingly, BS-WS2 which comprises of a greater number of WS2 layers exhibited −14.2% response as against −3.4% response of PS-WS2, the atomically thin sample. The BS-WS2 sample was found to be highly selective towards NO2 but was slower (with incomplete recovery) as compared to PS-WS2. The PS-WS2 sample was observed to exhibit −11.9% to −27.4% response to 2–10 ppm of CO and −3.4%–35.2% response to 2–10 ppm of NO2 at room temperature, thereby exhibiting the potential to detect two gases simultaneously. These gases could be accurately predicted and quantified if the response times of the PS-WS2 sample were considered. The atomically thin WS2-based sensor exhibited a limit of detection of 131 and 81 ppb for CO and NO2, respectively.
Two-dimensional oxygen-diffusion modelling for FLASH proton therapy with pencil beam scanning—Impact of diffusive tissue properties, dose, dose rate and scan patterns
Authors: Diepeveen Maarten H , Lathouwers Danny , José Santo Rodrigo , Hoogeman Mischa S , Habraken Steven J M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective. Oxygen depletion is generally believed to play an important role in the FLASH effect—a differential reduction of the radiosensitivity of healthy tissues, relative to that of the tumour under ultra-high dose-rate (UHDR) irradiation conditions. In proton therapy (PT) with pencil-beam scanning (PBS), the deposition of dose, and, hence, the degree of (radiolytic) oxygen depletion varies both spatially and temporally. Therefore, the resulting oxygen concentration and the healthy-tissue sparing effect through radiation-induced hypoxia varies both spatially and temporally as well. Approach. We propose and numerically solve a physical oxygen diffusion model to study these effects and their dependence on tissue parameters and the scan pattern in pencil-beam delivery. Since current clinical FLASH PT (FLASH-PT) is based on 250 MeV shoot-through (transmission) beams, for which dose and dose rate (DR) hardly vary with depth compared to the variation transverse to the beam axis, we focus on the two-dimensional case. We numerically integrate the model to obtain the oxygen concentration in each voxel as a function of time and extract voxel-based and spatially and temporarily integrated metrics for oxygen (FLASH) enhanced dose. Furthermore, we evaluate the impact on oxygen enhancement of standard pencil-beam delivery patterns and patterns that were optimised on dose-rate. Our model can contribute to the identification of tissue properties and pencil-beam delivery parameters that are critical for FLASH-PT and it may be used for the optimisation of FLASH-PT treatment plans and their delivery. Main results. (i) the diffusive properties of oxygen are critical for the steady state concentration and therefore the FLASH effect, even more so in two dimensions when compared to one dimension. (ii) The FLASH effect through oxygen depletion depends primarily on dose and less on other parameters. (iii) At a fixed fraction dose there is a slight dependence on DR. (iv) Scan patterns optimised on DR slightly increase the oxygen induced FLASH effect. Significance. To our best knowledge, this is the first study assessing the impact of scan-pattern optimization (SPO) in FLASH-PT with PBS on a biological FLASH model. While the observed impact of SPO is relatively small, a larger effect is expected for larger target volumes. A better understanding of the FLASH effect and the role of oxygen (depletion) therein is essential for the further development of FLASH-PT with PBS, and SPO.
Validating and speeding up x-ray tomographic inversions in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Jardin A , Mazon D , Bielecki J , Dworak D , Guibert D , Król K , Savoye-Peysson Y , Scholz M , Walkowiak J ,   the WEST Team
Published: July 2024

Abstract
X-ray tomography is a precious tool in tokamaks that provides rich information about the core plasma, such as local impurity concentration, electron temperature and density as well as magnetic equilibrium (ME) and magnetohydrodynamic activity. Nevertheless, inferring the local plasma emissivity from a sparse set of line-integrated measurements is an ill-posed problem that requires dedicated regularization and validation methods. Besides, speeding up the inversion algorithm in order to be compatible with real-time control systems is a challenging task with traditional approaches. In this contribution, in a first part we introduce tools aiming at validating and speeding up the x-ray tomographic inversions based on Tikhonov regularization, including ME constraint and parameter optimization, taking the WEST geometry as an example. In a second part, an alternative approach compatible with real-time, based on a set of neural networks is proposed and compared with the Tikhonov approach for an experimental case.
Test of lepton flavor universality in

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

and

B

±

→

K

±

e
+

e
−

decays in proton-proton collisions at

s

=
13

TeV
Authors: CMS Collaboration The 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A test of lepton flavor universality in

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

and

B

±

→

K

±

e
+

e
−

decays, as well as a measurement of differential and integrated branching fractions of a nonresonant

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

decay are presented. The analysis is made possible by a dedicated data set of proton-proton collisions at

s

=
13

TeV

recorded in 2018, by the CMS experiment at the LHC, using a special high-rate data stream designed for collecting about 10 billion unbiased b hadron decays. The ratio of the branching fractions

B

(

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

)

to

B

(

B

±

→

K

±

e
+

e
−

)

is determined from the measured double ratio

R
(
K
)

of these decays to the respective branching fractions of the

B

±

→
J

/

ψ

K

±

with

J

/

ψ
→

μ
+

μ
−

and

e
+

e
−

decays, which allow for significant cancellation of systematic uncertainties. The ratio

R
(
K
)

is measured in the range

1.1
<

q
2

<
6.0

GeV
2

, where q is the invariant mass of the lepton pair, and is found to be

R
(
K
)
=

0.78

−
0.23

+
0.47

, in agreement with the standard model expectation

R
(
K
)
≈
1

. This measurement is limited by the statistical precision of the electron channel. The integrated branching fraction in the same q
2 range,

B

(

B

±

→

K

±

μ
+

μ
−

)
=
(
12.42
±
0.68
)
×

10

−
8

, is consistent with the present world-average value and has a comparable precision.
Long-time properties of generic Floquet systems are approximately periodic with the driving period
Authors: Huang (黄溢辰) Yichen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA Floquet quantum system is governed by a Hamiltonian that is periodic in time. Consider the space of piecewise time-independent Floquet systems with (geometrically) local interactions. We prove that for all but a measure zero set of systems in this space, starting from a random product state, many properties (including expectation values of observables and the entanglement entropy of a macroscopically large subsystem) at long times are approximately periodic with the same period as the Hamiltonian. Thus, in almost every Floquet system of arbitrarily large but finite size, discrete time-crystalline behavior does not persist to strictly infinite time.
Wave-induced fluid flow and reflection/transmission of seismic waves at a fluid/double-porosity thermoelastic medium interface
Authors: Kumar Manjeet , Amandeep Singh  , Kumari Neelam , Ahmad Hijaz , Askar Sameh , Kaswan Pradeep , Kumari Manjeet 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the wave-induced fluid flow and reflection/transmission of seismic waves at the interface of a non-viscous fluid and a double-porosity thermoelastic (DPT) solid. The analytical reflection/transmission coefficients are calculated for two boundary conditions: wholly sealed and open pores using the displacement potentials and Gauss-elimination method. The wave-induced local fluid flow (LFF) is computed analytically using the transmission coefficients of transmitted waves in a DPT medium, and it found that four compressional waves contribute to wave-induced LFF. Further, the energy partitioning between reflected and transmitted waves is also computed. An energy matrix describes the amount of energy transmitted to the DPT medium. The matrix has five diagonal elements representing the five waves’ energy proportions with different properties. The total of all the non-diagonal elements in the matrix indicates the energy involved in the interaction between transmitted waves. A numerical example is considered to perform the computational analysis of distinct propagation characteristics. Finally, the impacts of incident direction, wave frequency, inclusion radius, and pores fluid viscosity on the wave-induced LFF and energy partitioning are investigated graphically. Finally, energy conservation for both kinds of surface pores is found.