bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Febrile Neutropenia in Hematological Malignancies: Clinical and Microbiological Profile and Outcome in High Risk Patients
Authors: Lakshmaiah Kuntegowdanahalli C , Malabagi Abhayakumar S , Shetty Rachan , Sinha Mahua , Jayashree Rudrapatna S ,   Govindbabu
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is considered a medical emergency. Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) commonly experience FN. Broad spectrum antibiotics have to be started empirically to prevent complications. This study depicts the clinical profile, microbiological profile, antibiotic sensitivity pattern, and outcome in high risk HM.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 72 patients with hematologic malignancies, diagnosed and treated for 108 high risk febrile neutropenic episodes from August 2011 to January 2013 at a Regional Cancer Center, in South India were analyzed. Cefoperazone-sulbactum was used as a first-line empiric antibiotic.
Results: Majority of the patients with FN episodes had acute myeloid leukemia. Overall culture positivity was 29.62%. The most common organisms isolated were Gram-negative bacilli (63.64%), with Escherichia coli being the most frequent pathogen. All Gram-negative organisms were sensitive to imipenem, whereas sensitivity pattern to other antibiotics were as follows: 85.71%, 78.26%, 69.52%, 63.64%, 41.66% and 47.05% for pipercillin-tazoactum, meropenem, cefoperazone-sulbactum, amikacin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin respectively. Overall mortality was 13.5%. Most of the patients responded to empiric antibiotic cefoperazone-sulbactum.
Conclusions: In the hematologic malignancies particularly in acute leukemia, there is high risk of developing FN. Empiric therapy with cefoperazone-sulbactum as a first line leads to satisfactory outcome in high risk FN and therapy should be tailored to the most appropriate antibiotics according to the bacterial culture results.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Triple Negative and Nontriple Negative Breast Carcinomas
Authors: Changavi Arathi A , Shashikala Arundhathi , Ramji Ashwini S 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Introduction: The panel of markers used for molecular classification include estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2/neu, p53, Bcl-2 and basal markers like cytokeratin 5/6 or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Among these, EGFR plays an important role and is associated with bad prognosis.
Aims and Objectives: To study EGFR expression in triple negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) and non-TNBCs (NTNBCs).
Materials and Methods: Fifty cases of breast carcinomas were classified and graded according to World Health Organization and Nottingham modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) system, respectively. The age of the patients ranged from 28 to 69 years. Histological features such as necrosis, pushing borders, lymphocytic infiltrate and periductal elastosis were noted. The panel of markers used in our study included ER, PR, HER-2/neu and EGFR. EGFR expression was assessed based on membrane staining. Chi-square test was applied for statistical analysis to compare EGFR expression with hormonal status and prognostic factors. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean age was 49.8 ± 7.2 years. There were 44 (88%) infiltrating ductal carcinoma, 3 (6%) medullary carcinoma and 3 (6%) mucinous carcinoma. EGFR expression was common in young patients and was predominant in TNBC (89.47%), was also expressed in few cases of NTNBC. There was a positive correlation of EGFR expression (P = 0.03491) with a high grade. Medullary carcinomas were triple negative and strongly expressed EGFR. EGFR expression was inversely associated with ER status and showed strong association with necrosis and lymphocytic infiltrate, but not with pushing border and periductal elastosis.
Conclusion: EGFR is an important marker to stratify patients with breast cancer according to molecular classification. Its expression correlated positively with young age, higher SBR grade, necrosis, lymphocytic infiltrate and inversely with hormonal receptor expression.
Concomitant Infections of Influenza A H1N1 and Disseminated Cryptococcosis in an HIV Seropositive Patient
Authors: Gupta Ankit , Capoor Malini R , Gupta Sonal , Sachdeva Harish Chand 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTRespiratory viral infections, especially influenza have a potential to form a fatal association with cryptococcosis in the setting of compromised immunity. Considering the lethality of these two infections, we report an unusual case of dual infection of pandemic influenza A H1N1 and disseminated cryptococcosis in an HIV seropositive individual.
Periodontal health status in patients treated with the Invisalign® system and fixed orthodontic appliances: A 3 months clinical and microbiological evaluation
Authors: Levrini Luca , Mangano Alessandro , Montanari Paola , Margherini Silvia , Caprioglio Alberto , Abbate Gian Marco 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to compare the periodontal health and the microbiological changes via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances and Invisalign® system (Align Technology, Santa Clara, California). Materials and Methods: Seventy-seven patients were enrolled in this study and divided into three groups (Invisalign® group, fixed orthodontic appliances group and control group). Plaque index, probing depth, bleeding on probing were assessed. Total biofilm mass and periodontal pathogens were analyzed and detected via real-time PCR. All these data were analyzed at the T0 (beginning of the treatment) T1 (1-month) and T2 (3 months); and statistically compared using the Mann–Whitney test for independent groups. Results: After 1-month and after 3 months of treatment there was only one sample with periodontopathic anaerobes found in patient treated using fixed orthodontic appliances. The Invisalign® group showed better results in terms of periodontal health and total biofilm mass compared to the fixed orthodontic appliance group. A statistical significant difference (P < 0.05) at the T2 in the total biofilm mass was found between the two groups. Conclusion: Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with the Invisalign® System show a superior periodontal health in the short-term when compared to patients in treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Invisalign® should be considered as a first treatment option in patients with risk of developing periodontal disease.
Effect of dietary combinations on plaque pH recovery after the intake of pediatric liquid analgesics
Authors: Saeed Shaam , Bshara Nada , Trak Juliana , Mahmoud Ghiath 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: To study the effect of water, halloumi cheese and sugar-free (SF) chewing gum on plaque pH recovery after the intake of sweetened PLAs. Settings and Design: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 17 children (10 females, 7 males) aged 11–12 years with DFT/dft of more than 3. Materials and Methods: Each volunteer tested paracetamol and ibuprofen suspension alone or followed with water, halloumi cheese or SF gum, as well as 10% sucrose and 10% sorbitol as controls. Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min of ingestion. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test to assess minimum pH (min pH), maximum pH drop (ΔpH), and the area under baseline pH, and P value was set as 0.05. Results: Both ibuprofen and paracetamol were not significantly different from 10% sucrose in terms of min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH except for min pH of ibuprofen (P = 0.034). Water and halloumi cheese did not have a significant effect on plaque pH recovery after the intake of both analgesics as min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH were similar to 10% sucrose except for min pH of ibuprofen + water (P = 0.048). However, plaque pH variables after chewing SF gum for 20 min were similar to 10% sorbitol. Conclusion: Chewing SF gum immediately after the intake of sweetened PLAs for 20 min restores plaque pH and could be recommended as a complementary aid in caries prevention.
Shaping ability of reciprocating single-file and full-sequence rotary instrumentation systems in simulated curved canals
Authors: Altunbas Demet , Kutuk Betul , Kustarci Alper 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability of three nickel-titanium systems in simulated curved canals. Materials and Methods: Sixty simulated canals were prepared to apical size 25 with Reciproc, S5, and twisted file (TF) instruments. Standardized pre and postoperative images were taken using a digital camera, were superimposed and aberrations were recorded. Material removal was measured at five points: The canal orifice, halfway to the orifice, beginning of the curve, the apex of the curve, and end-point. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov, analysis of variance, and Tukey tests. Results: The mean total width of the prepared canals in the Reciproc group was greater than the TF and S5 groups at halfway to the orifice, the beginning of the curve, the apex of the curve, and the end-point (P < 0.05). Mean absolute transportation was always <0.16 mm; however, significant differences occurred between the three systems at the orifice, halfway to the orifice, and the beginning of the curve (P < 0.05). TF created minimal absolute transportation at halfway to the orifice and the beginning of the curve, and greater absolute transportation at the orifice compared with the Reciproc and S5 instruments. However, the difference between the S5 and TF groups was not statistically significant at halfway to the orifice (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Under the conditions of the study, Reciproc produced widest canal shapes. TF provided more centered apical preparation and maintained the original canal shape well.
The Chilling Realities of the Telecommuting Tax: Adapting Twentieth Century Policies for Twenty-First Century Technologies
Authors: Kraich Michael 
Published: August 2015

The U.S. Tax Code has become so confusing and complex that tax professionals have gone from being a luxury to a necessity. Compound this complexity with the added layer of intricacy found at the state level and this already complex system becomes a labyrinth. While society has favored technological advances, the tax system has not. In particular, telecommuters have found themselves in a sort of limbo – working from home while sometimes simultaneously “working” at their employer’s location. This Note focuses on how this hypothetical of the 1980’s is today a reality, and how the courts of select states have approached this new paradigm. Specifically, this Note elaborates on the positions taken by New York and New Jersey, both major commuting states who have issued relating decisions, as well as what these decisions mean for residents of neighboring states like Connecticut and Pennsylvania. Finally, this Note advocates for uniformity between states, praises existing state policies such as Pennsylvania and New Jersey's, among others, and hopes to revive proposed unifying legislation in light of recent cases.
Contesting Olivier and JFK:
Authors: Hilb Benjamin 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article demonstrates how Orson Welles responds critically to wartime propaganda with his 1965 film Chimes at Midnight. More specifically, it examines the film's engagement with Laurence Olivier's propagandistic film adaptation of Henry V (1944), revealing Welles's opposition to Olivier's nationalist idealizations of soldiers as “bands of brothers,” or noble fraternities with deep bonds. And it demonstrates how Welles's film resists the rhetoric of military elitism that President Kennedy used to spur military recruitment to support U.S. involvement in the Vietnam struggle. Opposing nationalist idealizations of soldiers as noble fraternities with deep bonds and as uncommon individuals with singular abilities, Chimes at Midnight, I argue, depicts martial communities as disunited and inept, and makes clear the collective human cost of elite military individualism.
Irreverence as Fidelity? Adapting Shakespearean Reflexivity inAnonymous(Emmerich 2011)
Authors: Lefait Sébastien 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe critics who find Anonymous irreverent miss the point by analyzing it as if it pretended to be based on a true story—that of de Vere, the historical character who used the real Shakespeare as a straw man. Rather than bringing to life the Oxfordian theory, the film bases its plot on the tension between two “Shakespeares”—the individual, whose life story contains many blanks on the one hand, and the product of his texts on the other hand. In keeping with the second viewpoint, the film foregrounds the plays, and derives its treatment of the question of authorship from them. In this article, I attempt to rehabilitate Anonymous by analyzing it as a successful adaptation of the Shakespearean corpus. The film uses de Vere as a pretext for creating a storyline that proves relevant in its treatment of the plays. To make this point, I first show that Anonymous improves on extant adaptation strategies. I then demonstrate that the film's apparently disrespectful approach allows Emmerich to adapt some of the main reflexive features in Shakespeare's plays. I finally draw from the film's self-reflexive elements to characterize Anonymous as the first instance of a new mode of Shakespearean adaptation.
“Base Respects of Thrift”:
Authors: Wareh Patricia 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This article explores competing visions of Shakespeare's Hamlet in the Canadian television series Slings & Arrows (2003–2006). I argue that Slings & Arrows displays both adulation and irreverence toward Shakespeare's text, putting it to new uses even as it considers critically the place of the theater in contemporary culture. My argument sees the series’ depiction of “base” material things—especially those connected to the body—as of special importance for its strategy to explore both the place of the text and crucial themes of Shakespeare's tragedy. In its behind-the-scenes theatrical world, Slings & Arrows makes use of ignoble materiality (everyday objects and the human body with all its flaws, rather than economic advantage) in order to hint at the transcendent. Even as Slings & Arrows depicts the danger that the text can be reduced to just a material object or a commodity, it also shows, for the actors of the New Burbage Festival as well as for the television audience, how Hamlet might also be a spur to meaningful action and a source of living artistic integrity.
I. ‚Hispana Gallica‘ oder ‚Hispana Rhenana‘? Bernhar von Worms als erster Besitzer des Wiener Codex ÖNB 411
Authors: Pokorny Rudolf 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
‘Hispana Gallica’ or ‘Hispana Rhenana’? Bernhar of Worms first owner of the Viennese Codex ÖNB 411. Only the manuscript Wien ÖNB 411 transmits the Collectio Hispana Gallica in a complete version. So far, its medieval library home has been unknown. An addendum at the end of this codex, which has been not accurately understood in former research, suggests that bishop Bernhar of Worms was the owner of this manuscript around 810/11. In the course of the analysis of Wien ÖNB 411 the article addresses the distinction between codices, transmitting the Collectio Hispana Gallica, and those, transmitting the Collectio Hadriano-Hispanica (which depends from the Collectio Hispana Gallica). As a result it appears that the Collectio Hispana Gallica was transmitted and adapted in remarkable intensity in the Upper Rhine region. Based on these findings the article discusses consequences in determining the chronological starting point for the transformation of the Collectio Hispana Gallica into the Collectio Hispana Gallica Augustodunensis, which was already shaped by pseudo-isidorian influences.
IV. Hildegard von Bingen als Lehrerin des Liturgierechts
Authors: Neuheuser Hanns Peter 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Hildegardis Bingensis teaching liturgical law - Relations between documented visions and normative texts in the middle ages. Texts in the context of subjective experiences of visions on the one hand and norms looking for the highest levels of objectivity on the other hand seem to stand in insuperable opposition. Therefore it may be surprising that Hildegardis Bingensis in the eucharistic tract of her work Sci vias not only describes single elements of rites but also the duties of the priests concerning a correct execution of the rites including potential misunderstandings and abuses. The present contribution categorizes this phenomenon in the theological context and reports comparable sources (Otloh Ratisbonensis/Emmeramensis, Elisabeth Schoenaugiensis) dealing with defects of the administration of the mass and juridical instructions of the ecclesiastical discipline. The result is a new sight of the relation between the theology of the liturgy and the discipline of liturgy in the perspective of the developed liturgical law in the high middle ages.
V. Zum Patronatsrecht in Hessen
Authors: Eckhardt Wilhelm A. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
On the rights of patronage in Hesse - patronal churches of the Schencken zu Schweinsberg. The starting point for this study is a charter of the year 1235, by which Archbishop Siegfried III of Mainz exempted the chapel of Elnhausen from the mother churches Michelbach and Oberweimar near Marburg “de consensu patronorum [vel] advocatorum Guntrami scilicet et Wideroldi de Marburg”. At issue are the following questions: 1. Are the expressions patronus and advocatus synonymous here? - 2. Who was patron in Michelbach, who in Oberweimar, and how did the rights of patronage of both churches come down to the Schencken of Schweinsberg, who held them from the 16th century? - 3. Are we dealing with what had earlier been proprietary churches, where features of this right may possibly have survived, or with patronal churches of a new legal order, and how did the Reformation affect the right of presentation and the ecclesiastical rights of the patrons?
Sur la nature du Zakon Sudnyj Ljudem et l’influence du droit criminel byzantin
Authors: Angelini Paolo 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
On the Nature of the Zakon Sudnyj Ljudem and the Influence of Byzantine Criminal Law. The Zakon Sudnyj Ljudem was enacted as law by the crown in the Bulgarian kingdom after the conversion to Christianity in the 9th century. The text was composed of dispositions extracted from the Ekloge which was translated into Slav language. The article focuses on the vulgarization of penal law therein, which was based on the Isaurian juridical compilation but was mitigated with the introduction of pecuniary fines and of the selling into slavery, instead of physical punishments and mutilations, and instead of - notably - the death penalty. The Zakon Sudnyj Ljudem has to be considered a Slav version of the Ekloge, vulgarized in order to favour its acceptance among the population.
Magnitudes and moment‐duration scaling of low‐frequency earthquakes beneath southern Vancouver Island
Authors: Bostock M. G. , Thomas A. M. , Savard G. , Chuang L. , Rubin A. M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe employ 130 low‐frequency earthquake (LFE) templates representing tremor sources on the plate boundary below southern Vancouver Island to examine LFE magnitudes. Each template is assembled from hundreds to thousands of individual LFEs, representing over 269,000 independent detections from major episodic‐tremor‐and‐slip (ETS) events between 2003 and 2013. Template displacement waveforms for direct P and S waves at near epicentral distances are remarkably simple at many stations, approaching the zero‐phase, single pulse expected for a point dislocation source in a homogeneous medium. High spatiotemporal precision of template match‐filtered detections facilitates precise alignment of individual LFE detections and analysis of waveforms. Upon correction for 1‐D geometrical spreading, attenuation, free surface magnification and radiation pattern, we solve a large, sparse linear system for 3‐D path corrections and LFE magnitudes for all detections corresponding to a single‐ETS template. The spatiotemporal distribution of magnitudes indicates that typically half the total moment release occurs within the first 12–24 h of LFE activity during an ETS episode when tidal sensitivity is low. The remainder is released in bursts over several days, particularly as spatially extensive rapid tremor reversals (RTRs), during which tidal sensitivity is high. RTRs are characterized by large‐magnitude LFEs and are most strongly expressed in the updip portions of the ETS transition zone and less organized at downdip levels. LFE magnitude‐frequency relations are better described by power law than exponential distributions although they exhibit very high b values ≥∼5. We examine LFE moment‐duration scaling by generating templates using detections for limiting magnitude ranges (MW<1.5, MW≥2.0). LFE duration displays a weaker dependence upon moment than expected for self‐similarity, suggesting that LFE asperities are limited in fault dimension and that moment variation is dominated by slip. This behavior implies that LFEs exhibit a scaling distinct from both large‐scale slow earthquakes and regular seismicity.
Initial conditions or emergence: What determines dissolution patterns in rough fractures?
Authors: Upadhyay Virat K. , Szymczak Piotr , Ladd Anthony J. C. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDissolution of fractured rocks is often accompanied by the formation of highly localized flow paths. While the fluid flow follows existing fractures in the rock, these fissures do not, in general, open uniformly. Simulations and laboratory experiments have shown that distinct channels or “wormholes” develop within the fracture, from which a single highly localized flow path eventually emerges. The aim of the present work is to investigate how these emerging flow paths are influenced by the initial aperture field. We have simulated the dissolution of a single fracture starting from a spatially correlated aperture distribution. Our results indicate a surprising insensitivity of the evolving dissolution patterns and flow rates to the amplitude and correlation length characterizing the imposed aperture field. We connect the similarity in outcomes to the self‐organization of the flow into a small number of wormholes, with the spacing determined by the length of the longest wormholes. We have also investigated the effect of a localized region of increased aperture on the developing dissolution patterns. A competition was observed between the tendency of the high‐permeability region to develop the dominant wormhole and the tendency of wormholes to spontaneously nucleate throughout the rest of the fracture. We consider the consequences of these results for the modeling of dissolution in fractured and porous rocks.