bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misconduct in Research: Perception and Attitude among Postgraduate Students and Faculty in a Teaching Hospital in Mangalore
Authors: Thapar Rekha , Kumar Nithin , Thummar Bhakti , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mithra Prasanna , Vijendran Sruthi , Cheema Harleen , Dixit Prachi , Verma Abhay Pratap , Kothari Prashanth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Misconduct in research refers to unethical behavior in the conduct of research which includes fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and other practices that violate the integrity of the research process. Perceptions and attitudes toward research misconduct differ across individuals and educational systems.

Methods:
In this facility-based cross-sectional study, 103 faculty and 57 postgraduates of Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, were assessed regarding their attitude toward research misconduct using the attitude toward plagiarism (ATP) questionnaire. Institutional Ethics Committee approval was obtained before the commencement of the study. Independent t-test was applied to assess the difference in mean perception and attitude scores between the faculty and postgraduates and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
The mean age of the faculty and the postgraduate was 38.3 ± 9.3 years and 26.1 ± 2.9 years. The positive attitude ATP scores for the faculty and postgraduates were 31.2 ± 7.9 and 36.6 ± 8.1, respectively, which reflects a moderate approval toward plagiarism. The negative attitude and general perception ATP scores of 21.9 ± 3.8 and 23.8 ± 6.4 depicted a moderate level of disapproval toward plagiarism among the faculty. Postgraduates had a mean negative attitude ATP score of 22.1 ± 3.1 and 28.1 ± 7.0 for subjective norms, also suggesting an overall moderate tolerance toward plagiarism. Overall, the faculty and postgraduates had a low tolerance toward various aspects of research misconduct.

Conclusion:
Attitudes and perceptions toward plagiarism are complex and context dependent. Promoting awareness of academic integrity and the value of original work is essential to foster a culture that discourages plagiarism and encourages proper citation and acknowledgment of sources.
Ranson Criteria – Old is Gold in Evaluating Acute Pancreatitis?
Authors: Mahajan Ojas , Mahajan Satish , Khurana Kashish , Raut Sarang , Pantbalekundri Nikhil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a communal gastrointestinal condition that can vary in severity and morbidity. The “Ranson Score,” which was created in 1974, was the 1st scoring scheme to predict the cruelty of AP. While the “Ranson Score” has remained popular for decades, it is to have some flaws, such as limited predictive power. It has also been chastised for requiring 48 h to compute the concluding score, which has been found to cause administration delays. Using the electronic databases Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Google, a literature search in English was carried out. The exploration terms were Ranson Criteria OR “Ranson Score” OR AP OR Diagnostic Criteria. Researchers concluded that the “Ranson Score” is comparable to other recent counting systems for classifying AP severity and predicting death, making it a valuable tool for prognosticating AP in contemporary clinical practice. The studies also demonstrated that there is no one best grading system for predicting mortality and severity in AP patients. There are advantages and disadvantages to using each measure, and variations in research outcomes may be attributed to changes in people’s characteristics, AP etiology, and clinical care heterogeneity. The “Ranson Score,” despite being the ancient scoring system known, has preserved its clinical validity over time. These features, combined with its comparative easiness of use and applicability in reserve/constrained situations, make the “Ranson Score” an important and useful instrument in present clinical practice.
Human Resources in Health Care – Governance, Operation, Handling, and Oversight
Authors: Kadam Shubham , Luharia Anurag A , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Tivaskar Suhas Pruthviraj 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this article, the topic of human resource management (HRM) is examined as a technique to raise employee output, which, in turn, increases patient pleasure and contentment with the services that are delivered. Care that is not only risk-free but also timely, patient-centered, cost-effective, and delivered in an equitable manner should be the major priority of any health-care system. Training, motivation, and retention of employees should be prioritized as part of HRM, along with the introduction of novel strategies and the rigorous, data-driven planning of how those resources will be utilized. In the modern health-care system, many employees have not received adequate training or have not yet achieved the needed level of mastery in the competencies they are expected to possess. It has become increasingly clear that to deliver high-quality medical services, it is necessary to provide patients with care that is individualized to meet their specific requirements. To stay up with the rapid changes taking place in the health-care industry, the field of human resources development needs to modernize its procedures. In addition, the management of human resources requires keeping an eye on how the rules and regulations governing the health-care system impact staff members. To provide high-quality medical care, it is essential to perform a gap analysis, incorporate appropriate available skills to close the gap, diversify the work among the available team, and use quality improvement methodologies to create an interdisciplinary group for better patient-centered health care.
Effect of Matrix Rhythm Therapy in Individuals with Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Tiwatane Shrinidhi , Tejani Neelam , Saini Seema , Sangoankar Mrudula , Palekar Tushar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Matrix Rhythm Therapy is a cell biological therapy which activates and rebalances specific physiological vibrations of skeletal muscle and nervous system approach was developed at the university of Erlangen, Germany. Low coherent magneto mechanical waves are applied to synchronize the regeneration and function of the cell. A new therapeutic and clinical modality matrix rhythm therapy was developed by Dr. Ulrich Randoll was developed in a year 1989. The purpose of this review was to analyse effect of Matrix Rhythm Therapy on pain due to different orthopedic conditions. Search materials and methods was English journal articles that focused on knee osteoarthritis related pain were searched via PubMed, Google scholar, NCBI and Science direct and databases, using the terms ‘Pain’, ‘Matrix Rhythm Therapy’. Search results showed Total 18 articles were reviewed; 8 articles were excluded and 10 articles were included in study as they intended the research content. Study Concluded that This research effort produces appropriate collection and relation of Matrix Rhythm Therapy and its effect on Pain.
Tips for Facilitating Cinemeducation Sessions
Authors: Shankar P. Ravi , Kalra Juhi , Joshi Anuradha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Movies can play an important role in health professions education. They can deeply influence the cognitive and affective domains and can stimulate reflection. The authors have been facilitating cinemeducation sessions for a decade. In this article, they share tips for facilitating cinemeducation sessions.
Assessment of Perception of Learning by Undergraduate Dental Students in Delhi-NCR Region using Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rani Sapna , Khan Uswah , Dhawan Pankaj 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Education in any dental institution and curriculum plays a vital role in the growth of students, which will help them acclimatize to the increased demand for dentistry.

Purpose:
This study aimed to evaluate the students’ perception of course curricula in three dental institutes in the Delhi-NCR region among undergraduate students and interns.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students from first year till interns in three dental institutes of the Delhi-NCR region based on the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire. The DREEM questionnaire was distributed using Google Forms. Six hundred seventy students from three institutes participated in the questionnaire, and data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis by the Kruskal–Wallis and the Mann–Whitney test.

Results:
The total mean DREEM score was 158.8/200 in the present study, which is excellent. The overall scoring of the domain showed a significant difference for the fourth BDS for students’ perception of atmosphere (P = 0.001) and for the third-year students for students’ academic self-perception (P = 0.004). In the present study, all subdomains scored > 2, which means students had positive attitudes toward learning.

Conclusion:
Although students had positive learning perceptions in all three institutes, there were some problematic areas, such as stress during dental courses, for which policies should be formulated and implemented in dental institutes. The students were found to be too tired at the dental institute; they could not enjoy the program. Student-centered teaching programs can be employed to improve on the weaknesses of institutes.
Normal Values of Spleen Stiffness in Healthy Volunteers and Effect of Meal on Liver Stiffness and Spleen Stiffness
Authors: Luekiatphaisan Natrada , Tanpowpong Natthaporn 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
The portal hypertension leads to variceal bleeding. Spleen stiffness (SS) is useful in estimating esophageal varices risk and less invasive as compared with reference standard method (hepatic venous pressure gradient). Using different methods of ultrasound elastography as well as different novel system provide different value of SS.

Methods:
After the approval by the institutional review board, we enrolled volunteers aged over 18 years who had no obesity, excessive alcohol use, history of systemic disease, hepatobiliary disease, or malignancy. Spleen and liver stiffnesses were measured with LOGIQ E10 SWE by two radiologists. Volunteers ingested a 460 kcal liquid meal. The spleen and liver stiffnesses were performed at baseline and 60, 120 and 180 min after meal.

Results:
A total of 46 volunteers participate and two volunteers were excluded. The mean SWE SS was 12.6 ± 1.18 kPa. There was no statistically significant difference between sex, age and spleen size. SS trends to decrease with time. In first 2 h after meals, there was no significant difference from baseline. After 3 h, SS significantly decreased from baseline. In contrast, liver stiffness trend to increase with time and significant elevate from baseline at 3 h. Intraclass correlation coefficient between the two radiologists showed fair agreement for SS and substantial agreement for liver stiffness.

Conclusion:
Our outcomes may be a reference value for evaluating SS in patients with other illnesses in clinical setting the utilize SWE with LOGIQ E10. SS decreased with time after a meal in normal volunteers and significant difference at 3 h. In contrast, liver stiffness increases with time after a meal in normal volunteers and significant difference at 3 h. There is importance of the operator’s expertise in SWE measurement should be considered for SS.
Cross-sectional study on the risk of breast cancer and practices among young women in Central India
Authors: Tiwari Arti , Singh Maharaj , Sahu Bharati , Pareek Shatrughan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Our study focused on evaluating the risk factors associated with breast cancer among young women and highlighting the significance of early screening in this population, considering that breast cancer has the most common prevalence in women.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study enrolled women aged between 20 and 40 years who participated through a self-administered questionnaire. Data collection spanned 6 months, during which 250 young women were randomly recruited from different colleges in Jabalpur city, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Results:
Among the 250 women surveyed, 45 (18.0%) experienced early menarche and 33 (13.20%) had previously used oral contraceptives (OCP). In terms of preventive practices, 176 women (70.4%) had not engaged in breast self-examination, while 200 (80%) had not undergone clinical breast examination (CBE). However, 50 (20%) reported practicing CBE only when experiencing pain. None of the participants had undergone mammography. Regarding attitudes toward consumption of hormonal pills, 123 (49.2%) agreed that they would not take them without a prescription. Furthermore, approximately 91% did not follow weight management strategies, and 38.4% practiced meditation for stress reduction. Moreover, among the 250 young women surveyed, 218 (87.2%) did not engage in regular physical exercise (at least 3 h/week).

Conclusions:
While young women exhibit some risk factors for breast cancer, they often neglect appropriate preventive measures. Hence, it is recommended to commence breast cancer screening early, especially for those at elevated risk. Emphasizing awareness of breast self-examination is crucial. Moreover, launching screening programs is essential to facilitate timely detection and reduce mortality rates linked with breast cancer, especially among India’s younger female population.
Cervical cancer screening utilization among HIV-positive women in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Osunde Ngozi R. , Anayo Mercy N. , Patience Ona , Omoregie Favour E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground:The enhanced risk of cervical cancer among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stems from the close association between HIV and increased rates of persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Detecting pre-malignant lesions early through screening is crucial, as cervical cancer is preventable. Identifying these lesions promptly could potentially save many women’s lives.Objective:This study aimed to assess the utilization of cervical screening services among women attending an HIV clinic in Edo State, Nigeria. Specific objectives included examining awareness levels, utilization rates, and potential barriers to access.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted at an institution and involved HIV-positive women attending an HIV clinic from August 2022 to July 2023. The study utilized a convenience sampling method with a sample size of 370 participants. Data reliability, deemed adequate at 0.781, was data reliability of 0.781 obtained was adequate for the study utilized. Analysis was performed, and findings were presented using frequency tables. Hypotheses were tested using χ2at a significance level of 0.05.Results:The participants’ mean age was 38.25 ± 4.51 years, with an average age at menarche of 15.12 ± 3.56 years, age at first intercourse at 18.21 ± 3.41 years, and years of HIV status at 7.11 ± 2.12 years. The mean duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) was 6.72 ± 5.21 years. One hundred ninety-one individuals (51.6%) reported awareness of screening, while 65 (17.6%) had undergone screening. There was a significant association between awareness of screening and its utilization. (P< 0.001 removed). Among the 305 participants who had not undergone screening, 261 (85.6%) expressed willingness to do so. Barriers to cervical cancer screening included fear of the results (257 participants, 84.3%), financial constraints (200 participants, 65.6%), absence of symptoms (240 participants, 78.3%), and lack of motivation (289 participants, 94.8%).Conclusion:The study findings indicated insufficient awareness among participants and low utilization of screening services. As a result, it is recommended that enhancing healthcare workers’ abilities to promote cervical cancer awareness and encourage adherence to screening within this population is crucial to boost uptake.
Functional outcome of distraction osteogenesis in infected nonunion of the tibia
Authors: Arjun J. , Sivanandan Hari , Soundarajan Karuppanan , Christin Shebin , Maheswara Reddy Chereddi H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
The tibia is a bone located beneath the skin. Open fractures of the tibia, which involve significant soft tissue damage and bone loss, pose a challenge for trauma surgeons. The prevalence of long bone fractures is on the rise, attributed to the escalating number of road traffic accidents and other household mishaps, resulting in an increased occurrence of nonunion cases. Consequently, this study aims to evaluate the healing rates in long bone nonunion fractures and examine the complications associated with the treatment device. Managing infected tibial nonunions remains a formidable task for orthopedic surgeons.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on 30 patients diagnosed with infected nonunion of tibial fractures treated with limb reconstruction systems (LRSs) in the Department of Orthopaedics at Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. Inclusion criteria comprised patients aged between 20 and 55 years with tibial fractures failing to unite within 6 months, radiological evidence of nonunion, willingness to provide written informed consent and suitability for surgery.

Results:
The results revealed that most patients fell within the age group of 40–50 years, with an average age of 40.9 years in our study. Out of 30 patients, 17 were male and 13 were female. Regarding bony results, 20 patients (66.7%) exhibited excellent outcomes, 6 patients (20%) showed good results, 3 patients (10%) had fair outcomes, and 1 patient (3.3%) had poor outcomes. Functional outcomes showed that 20 patients (66.7%) experienced excellent results, 6 patients (20%) showed good outcomes, 3 patients (10%) had fair outcomes, and 1 patient (3.3%) had poor outcomes.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that the LRS fixator facilitates early ambulation, reducing the risk of osteoporosis, and soft tissue dystrophy. The average union time was 4 months, influenced by comminution, infection, nonunion type, smoking, and fracture pattern.
The role of diffusion-weighted MRI in the evaluation of imaging for prostate carcinoma: A systematic review
Authors: Mishra Komal , Pavanan Asish , Parihar Pratapsingh Hanumansingh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. In recent times, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have been used in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. The present systematic review aims to analyze the effectiveness of DWI in diagnosing prostate cancer.

Methodology and Results:
Publicly available English databases, such as PubMed and Google Scholar, were searched until 2020. We reviewed 965 research articles, and 10 were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study found that the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value decreases as the total diffusion volume increases. Tumor cells have significantly lower ADC values compared to normal or non-tumor cells. DWI was found to have higher sensitivity and accuracy than the T2W MRI technique. However, Choline-PET/CT was slightly more effective in diagnosing prostate cancer compared to DWI.

Conclusion:
DWI is a promising MRI technique that can enhance diagnostic performance in conjunction with other conventional MRI techniques to diagnose prostate cancer.
Implementation of stroke protocol: Insights from a tertiary care facility in urban India
Authors: Sharma Neha , Tyagi Shweta , Jain Nitin , Kumar Rajnish , Prakas Govind , Goyal Nitisha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally and ranks third for combined death and disability. Over the past two decades, there has been a significant rise in stroke incidence, mortality, and morbidity, with low- and middle-income countries being disproportionately affected. The effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke has led centers specializing in acute stroke care to develop protocols for rapid identification and triage of stroke patients. It is recommended that various stakeholders be educated on recognizing and managing stroke early and implement stroke protocols to improve coordination between different departments.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted in the emergency department of a tertiary care center in urban India from September 2021 to September 2022. We aimed to determine the average door-to-imaging (DTI) and door-to-needle (DTN) times for patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. Additionally, we examined the factors contributing to delays in DTN time management of acute ischemic stroke at our center.

Results:
During the one-year study period, 131 patients with acute stroke presented to our center. One patient was under 18 years old, 10 patients arrived more than 4.5 h after symptom onset, and 2 patients had contraindications for thrombolysis. Consequently, 118 patients were included in the study. The average DTI time was 23 min, and the average DTN time was 58 min. Of these, 106 patients (89.8%) had a DTN time of less than 60 min. The most common cause of treatment initiation delay was obtaining consent (n = 7; 58.3%), followed by an unreliable time of symptom onset (n = 3; 25%) and delays due to resuscitation (n = 2; 16.6%).

Conclusion:
Acute stroke is a time-sensitive emergency where early thrombolysis can significantly reduce both morbidity and mortality. However, due to a lack of awareness and accessible resources, many patients often arrive outside the treatment window. Despite these limitations, a substantial number of patients do reach the hospital in time. Implementing a stroke protocol and utilizing innovative methods to reduce time can ensure these patients benefit from the global “standard of care” treatment for stroke.
Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland: A rare case report
Authors: Galani Manisha Kamlesh , Galani Kamlesh Jamnadas , Lakhani Swati Nileshkumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) of the thyroid gland is exceedingly rare, even in regions like India, where tuberculosis is prevalent, with an estimated incidence of 0.1–0.4%. While tuberculosis can affect various organs, its involvement in the thyroid, pancreas, striated, and cardiac muscle is uncommon. Diagnosis poses a challenge due to the lack of distinctive clinical features—microscopic examination revealing epithelioid granulomas, sometimes with caseous necrosis and Langhans-type giant cells, aids in diagnosis. Confirmation typically involves detecting acid-fast bacilli through staining techniques like Ziehl Neelsen (ZN), molecular diagnostic methods such as TB Gene Expert or polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB PCR), and histopathological examination of excised specimens. Recently, we encountered a case involving a 21-year-old male presenting with a 2-month history of diffuse neck swelling. Clinical examination suggested thyroid swelling, confirmed by ultrasound, showing a cystic lesion with necrotic areas, suggestive of thyroiditis, accompanied by bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology revealed necrotizing granulomatous thyroiditis, prompting further investigation for tuberculosis. TB Gene Expert and ZN staining performed on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) material confirmed tuberculosis, leading to anti-tuberculous treatment, which resulted in a positive response. In presenting this case, we aim to highlight the rarity of tuberculosis affecting the thyroid gland and emphasize the importance of considering minimally invasive diagnostic methods, such as FNAC and molecular techniques, before resorting to surgical interventions. This case underscores the significance of clinicians’ awareness regarding unusual tuberculosis presentations and the availability of advanced diagnostic tools to ensure timely and appropriate management.