bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrocatalytic Activation of Silver Nanowires‐modified Pt Electrode by Cyclic Voltammetry in Comparison with Differential Pulse Voltammetry in Halide Determination
Authors: Qin Xia , Miao Zhiying , Du Xin , Chen Qiang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCyclic voltammetric (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) measurements were carried out to assess the changes in electrode reactivity in halide determination with a silver nanowire‐modified platinum electrode. With DPV, successive voltammograms of the halide solution revealed progressive deterioration of the oxidation currents corresponding to Br− and Cl−, while those of I− increased largely. Comparatively, CV is stable and effective to remove precipitates due to the reduction process, in which, the concentrated effect alleviated and the amount of AgI decreased. CV was consequently suggested to be favorable for halide determination, while playing a role in electrocatalytic activation of the electrode.
Heterogeneous Oil Transesterification in a Single‐Phase Liquid Mixture using a Co‐Solvent for Improved Biofuels Production
Authors: Galli Federico , Bonfanti Luca , Capelli Sofia , Manenti Flavio , Bianchi Claudia L. , Patience Gregory S. , Pirola Carlo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCaO is an effective catalyst for the transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol, but reaction rates are lower than with homogeneous catalysts. Triglycerides are poorly miscible in methanol. To decrease the mass transfer resistance, we introduce a co‐solvent to form a single phase solution. The most effective solvents are tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and dichloromethane. Using these, the reaction rates are superior to the homogeneous catalyst. Both fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yields and reaction rates were lower for n‐heptane and acetone.
Immunomodulatory activity of essential oil from Tetrania riparia (Hochstetter) Codd in murine macrophages
Authors: Demarchi Izabel G. , Terron Mariana d‐S. , Thomazella Mateus V. , Pedroso Raíssa B. , Gazim Zilda C. , Cortez Diógenez A. Garcia , Aristides Sandra M. A. , Silveira Thaís G. Verzignassi , Lonardoni Maria V. C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractTetradenia riparia is a plant that is used as a traditional medicine in South Africa to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. The extracts and essential oil of this plant have shown antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties. Some infections that resolve depend on the specific pathogens and host immune response balance, but only a few studies have screened the immunomodulatory effects of T.riparia. Thus, we studied the immunomodulatory effects of T. riparia essential oil (TrEO) on macrophages. Murine peritoneal macrophages were incubated with 30 ng/ml TrEO for 3, 6, and 24 h. Cytokine expression and production were determined by semiquantitative reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry, respectively. TrEO affected cytokine synthesis at all time points, whereas mRNA expression was altered only at 3 and 6 h. Interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐12, IL‐17, and interferon‐γ expression were highly induced by TrEO at 3 h. Only IL‐1β expression was elevated at 6 h, and its production gradually increased until 24 h. IL‐2 was produced at high levels in the initial response, and granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor and IL‐17 were produced at high levels at 24 h. TrEO inhibited IL‐10. These results indicate that TrEO can modulate proinflammatory cytokines and downregulate IL‐10 and IL‐6. This profile is associated with stimulation of the innate cellular immune response and TH2 cell suppression. The essential oil from T. riparia may be an alternative therapy for carcinogenic, autoimmune, and infectious diseases in which cellular responses are critical for their resolution. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using surface and borehole time‐lapse gravity to monitor CO2 in saline aquifers: a numerical feasibility study
Authors: Jacob Thomas , Rohmer Jérémy , Manceau Jean‐Charles 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis numerical study focuses on the inversion of the CO2 plume shape and stored mass amount from both surface and borehole time‐lapse gravity simulated measurements in saline aquifers. Solving for the density distribution at depth and hence the shape of the plume is an ill‐posed inverse problem which requires regularization. We opt for regularized least‐square inversion, using both L‐Curve and general cross validation methods to obtain the regularization parameter. Numerical inversion experiments are set up by modeling the spatial distribution of injected gaseous CO2 using a 1D radial transport model, which allows testing for both injected mass amount and injection depth. We find that including surface data alone, the error on the position of the inverted plume is of the order of ∼30% for the shallowest aquifer depths of 800 to 1200 m and for injected CO2 mass larger than 10 Mt. The positioning error increases as depth increases and injection mass decreases. The addition of measurements from a single borehole to surface measurements, though stabilizing the inversion, only reduces the error on the position by a mere 5%. However, while the positioning error is high, the real CO2 mass within the inverted CO2 plume area is close to the total injected CO2 mass, with more than 90% of the injected mass being captured using surface and borehole data with the L‐Curve method. This relatively high mass ratio shows that this method can be used to detect the main bulk of the injected CO2 plume. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Characterization of kinetic limitations to atmospheric CO2 capture by solid sorbent
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Jun , Lackner Klaus S. , Shi Xiaoyang , Fang Mengxiang , Luo Zhongyang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractScrubbing CO2 directly from the ambient air (air capture) by sorbent is an emerging technology to address climate change due to anthropic emission of greenhouse gases. A good understanding of thermodynamics and reaction kinetics under ultra‐low CO2 concentration and variable humidity is fundamental to the design of economic air capture. In this study, the adsorption kinetics of a novel moisture swing process for air capture is characterized. The variation of humidity alters not only the adsorption equilibrium but also the adsorption kinetics, due to a water involved chemical reaction. A heterogeneously structured sorbent sheet with strong based ion exchange resin inside as active constituent is employed to capture the atmospheric CO2 under different humidity. Traditional shrinking core model (SCM) is modified to reveal the mass transfer resistance inside of the sorbent for CO2 adsorption under ultra‐low CO2 concentration. The modified SCM reveals that, at most cases, the adsorption kinetics is controlled by diffusion inside of the sorbent particle. A transition from physical diffusion controlled kinetics to chemical reaction controlled kinetics is observed as humidity increases. Further kinetic analysis suggests that, among the optimization technologies such as seeking functional group with faster chemical reaction or fabricating thinner support layer, preparing sorbent particle with smaller size or higher porosity should have much more potential on the enhancement of air capture kinetics. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Sirtuin 4 Regulates Lipopolysaccharide Mediated Leydig Cell Dysfunction
Authors: Ramatchandirin Balamurugan , Sadasivam Mohanraj , Kannan Arun , Prahalathan Chidambaram 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTBacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the most important contributing factor in pathogenesis of bacterial infection in male accessory glands; and it has shown to inhibit testicular steroidogenesis and induce apoptosis. The present study demonstrates that LPS causes mitochondrial dysfunction via suppression of sirtuin 4 (SIRT4); which in turn affects Leydig cell function by modulating steroidogenesis and apoptosis. LC‐540 Leydig cells treated with LPS (10µg/ml) showed impaired steroidogenesis and increased cellular apoptosis. The mRNA and protein expression of SIRT4 were decreased in LPS treated cells when compared to controls. The obtained data suggest that the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) activation suppresses SIRT4 expression in LPS treated Leydig cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of SIRT4 prevented LPS induced impaired steroidogenesis and cellular apoptosis by improving mitochondrial function. These findings provide valuable information that SIRT4 regulates LPS mediated Leydig cell dysfunction. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 904–916, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Climatology and trend of wind power resources in China and its surrounding regions: a revisit using Climate Forecast System Reanalysis data
Authors: Yu Lejiang , Zhong Shiyuan , Bian Xindi , Heilman Warren E. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe mean climatology, seasonal and interannual variability and trend of wind speeds at the hub height (80 m) of modern wind turbines over China and its surrounding regions are revisited using 33‐year (1979–2011) wind data from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) that has many improvements including higher spatial resolution over previous global reanalysis products. Mean 80‐m wind speeds are consistently higher over China Seas and the ocean areas than over land, and inside China high winds are found in areas of Inner Mongolia and the Tibetan Plateau. There is a considerable seasonal variability that reflects primarily the influence of East and Southeast Asia Monsoon with generally higher speeds in winter followed by summer, and weaker winds in autumn, followed by spring. There is also a strong interannual variability, and regions of larger amplitude of variability coincide with regions of higher mean winds. A decreasing trend, dominated by a sharp decline beginning in 2005, is seen across China and the surrounding seas in summer and autumn, and the summer trends over land and over ocean appear to be related respectively to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the East Asian summer monsoon. Trends are not consistent across the region in spring and winter, however, with positive trends over some areas in northeastern and northwestern China, Mongolia and tropical oceans whereas negative trends in other regions. Nearly all areas of China experience mean annual 80‐m wind speed less than 6.9 m s−1 (wind power classes of 1–2) except for some areas of Inner Mongolia where mean annual 80‐m wind speeds exceed 6.9 m s−1 (Classes 3 or higher, suitable for wind energy development). China Seas and ocean areas generally fall in Class 3 or above, with the Taiwan and Luzon Straights reaching the highest Class 7.
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for lymph node metastases in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Huiyong , Liu Shuguang , Zheng Jinsong , Ji Guanglei , Han Jianjun , Xie Yinfa 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with regional lymph node metastases.MethodsForty‐eight patients with HCC and regional lymph node metastases were enrolled in this study. The patients were allocated into two groups: Group A (28 patients) underwent TACE for both intrahepatic tumors and lymph node metastasis and Group B (20 patients) received TACE for intrahepatic tumors only.ResultsThe patients were followed‐up by contrast enhanced CT scan 6–8 weeks after TACE treatment. In Group A, seven and nine patients achieved complete and partial response for lymph node metastasis, respectively, with 1‐year and 2‐year overall survival rates of 60.7% and 35.7%, respectively. In contrast, none of the patients in Group B achieved a complete response, whereas four patients achieved a partial response. The 1‐year and 2‐year survival rates for the patients in Group B were 40% and 0%, respectively. The difference in survival between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.001).ConclusionsTACE is an effective treatment to regional lymph node metastasis in HCC without significant side effects and could provide survival benefits to the patients with advanced HCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015; 112:372–376. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coping Self‐Efficacy Moderates the Association Between Severity of Partner Violence and PTSD Symptoms Among Incarcerated Women
Authors: DeCou Christopher R. , Lynch Shannon M. , Cole Trevor T. , Kaplan Stephanie P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPrevious research indicates self‐efficacy may function as a protective factor for survivors of partner violence (PV), including coping self‐efficacy specific to domestic violence. We hypothesized that domestic violence coping self‐efficacy would moderate the association between recent PV and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a sample of incarcerated women, such that the association between PV and PTSD would be strongest at low levels of domestic violence coping self‐efficacy. Participants (N = 102) were incarcerated women who reported PV in the year prior to incarceration. They were aged 19–55 years (M = 33.57, SD = 9.32), identified predominantly as European American (84.3%), American Indian (15.7%), and Hispanic (14.7%), with 80.4% completing high school or more in terms of education. Participants responded to self‐report measures of PV, trauma history, domestic violence coping self‐efficacy, and current PTSD symptoms. In a series of sequential regression analyses, PV (β = .65, sr2 = .06, p = .017) was significantly associated with current PTSD symptoms above and beyond past trauma history (β = .37, sr2 = .14, p < .001), and this association was moderated by domestic violence coping self‐efficacy (Domestic Violence Coping Self‐Efficacy × Partner Violence; β = −.54, sr2 = .03, p = .044). The relationship between PV and PTSD symptoms was greatest at low and average levels of domestic violence coping self‐efficacy and nonsignificant at high levels of domestic violence coping self‐efficacy. These findings highlight the importance of assessing domestic violence coping self‐efficacy in incarcerated women with recent PV, given that domestic violence coping self‐efficacy appeared to be protective against symptoms of PTSD.
REM sleep behavior disorder, as assessed by questionnaire, in G2019S LRRK2 mutation PD and carriers
Authors: Saunders‐Pullman Rachel , Alcalay Roy N. , Mirelman Anat , Wang Cuiling , Luciano Marta San , Ortega Roberto A. , Glickman Amanda , Raymond Deborah , Mejia‐Santana Helen , Doan Nancy , Johannes Brooke , Yasinovsky Kira , Ozelius Laurie , Clark Lorraine , Orr‐Utreger Avi , Marder Karen , Giladi Nir , Bressman Susan B. ,   the AJ LRRK2 Consortium
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundRapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder occurs with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and often precedes PD. Its frequency inLRRK2‐PD and utility as a preclinical marker has not been established.MethodsOne hundred forty‐four idiopathic PD, 142LRRK2G2019S mutation PD, 117 non‐manifesting carriers, 93 related noncarriers, and 40 healthy controls completed the Rapid eye movement sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire.ResultsCut scores were met by 30.6% idiopathic PD, 19.7%LRRK2‐PD, 6% nonmanifesting carriers, 20.4% related noncarriers, and 15% controls. The likelihood of abnormal scores was decreased inLRRK2‐PD versus idiopathic PD (odds ratio = 0.55,P= 0.03), nonmanifesting carriers versus related noncarriers (OR = 0.25,P< 0.01), and PD of less than 3 years' duration, 1 of 19LRRK2‐PD versus 14 of 41 idiopathic PD (P< 0.05).ConclusionsA lower frequency of abnormal questionnaire scores is seen inLRRK2‐PD, especially in earlyLRRK2‐PD, and in nonmanifesting carriers. Therefore, the Rapid eye movement sleep Behavior Disorder Questionnaire is unlikely to serve as a preclinical marker for phenoconversion to PD. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Chimerical anterolateral thigh flap for plantar reconstruction
Authors: Olivan Marcelo V. , Busnardo Fábio F. , Faria José C. , Coltro Pedro S. , Grillo Victor A. , Gemperli Rolf 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of reconstruction and rehabilitation of patients with plantar defects by using a chimerical flap of muscle and skin from anterolateral thigh.MethodsTwenty‐five patients with plantar defects were reconstructed with a chimerical anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap, composed by a vastus lateralis muscle segment and a thinned skin island. Neurorrhaphy between lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and calcaneal nerve was performed in 7 patients. Evaluation of flap contour and stability and patient ambulation was performed 6 and 12 months after surgery. Evaluation of cutaneous sensiblity of ALT flap and contralateral thigh was performed 12 months after surgery using Pressure Specified Sensory Device™ (PSSD™).ResultsFlap viability was complete in 23 patients and 2 patients had complications with partial flap loss of its cutaneous component. Six months postoperatively, flap contour, and stability was considered good in 19 and 21 patients respectively, and all 25 patients presented good ambulation. Twelve months postoperatively, all 25 patients presented good flap contour and stability, as well as good ambulation. All 7 flaps undergoing to reinnervation partially recovered cutaneous sensibility in comparison to donor site (contralateral thigh). Cutaneous tactile thresholds (g/mm2) of static one‐point test and moving one‐point test from the ALT flap and the contralateral thigh presented statistically significant differences, for both comparisons (P = 0.009, P = 0.002).ConclusionThis flap is suitable for reconstruction of plantar defects, with good flap contour and stability, proper patient ambulation and low complication rates. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 35:546–552, 2015.
The role of genetically engineered pigs in xenotransplantation research
Authors: Cooper David KC , Ekser Burcin , Ramsoondar Jagdeece , Phelps Carol , Ayares David 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThere is a critical shortage in the number of deceased human organs that become available for the purposes of clinical transplantation. This problem might be resolved by the transplantation of organs from pigs genetically engineered to protect them from the human immune response. The pathobiological barriers to successful pig organ transplantation in primates include activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems, coagulation dysregulation and inflammation. Genetic engineering of the pig as an organ source has increased the survival of the transplanted pig heart, kidney, islet and corneal graft in non‐human primates (NHPs) from minutes to months or occasionally years. Genetic engineering may also contribute to any physiological barriers that might be identified, as well as to reducing the risks of transfer of a potentially infectious micro‐organism with the organ. There are now an estimated 40 or more genetic alterations that have been carried out in pigs, with some pigs expressing five or six manipulations. With the new technology now available, it will become increasingly common for a pig to express even more genetic manipulations, and these could be tested in the pig‐to‐NHP models to assess their efficacy and benefit. It is therefore likely that clinical trials of pig kidney, heart and islet transplantation will become feasible in the near future. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 in macrophages is essential for protective immunity during Gram‐negative pneumonia
Authors: Anas Adam A , de Vos Alex F , Hoogendijk Arie J , van Lieshout Miriam HP , van Heijst Jeroen WJ , Florquin Sandrine , Li Zihai , van 't Veer Cornelis , van der Poll Tom 
Published: September 2015

AbstractKlebsiella pneumoniaeis among the most common Gram‐negative bacteria that cause pneumonia. Gp96 is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that is essential for the trafficking and function of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and integrins. To determine the role of gp96 in myeloid cells in host defence duringKlebsiellapneumonia, mice homozygous for the conditionalHsp90b1allele encoding gp96 were crossed with mice expressing Cre‐recombinase under control of theLysMpromoter to generateLysMcre‐Hsp90b1‐flox mice.LysMcre‐Hsp90b1‐flox mice showed absence of gp96 protein in macrophages and partial depletion in monocytes and granulocytes. This was accompanied by almost complete absence ofTLR2andTLR4on macrophages. Likewise, integrin subunitsCD11bandCD18were not detectable on macrophages, while being only slightly reduced on monocytes and granulocytes. Gp96‐deficient macrophages did not release pro‐inflammatory cytokines in response toKlebsiellaand displayed reduced phagocytic capacity independent ofCD18.LysMcre‐Hsp90b1‐flox mice were highly vulnerable to lower airway infection induced byK. pneumoniae, as reflected by enhanced bacterial growth and a higher mortality rate. The early inflammatory response inHsp90b1‐flox mice was characterized by strongly impaired recruitment of granulocytes into the lungs, accompanied by attenuated production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, while the inflammatory response during late‐stage pneumonia was not dependent on the presence of gp96. BlockingCD18did not reproduce the impaired host defence ofLysMcre‐Hsp90b1‐flox mice duringKlebsiellapneumonia. These data indicate that macrophage gp96 is essential for protective immunity during Gram‐negative pneumonia by regulatingTLRexpression. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanoparticles as structure‐directing agents for controlling the orientation of block copolymer microdomain in thin films
Authors: Kim Seyong , Wang Hyun Suk , Jang Se Gyu , Choi Soo‐Hyung , Kim Bumjoon J. , Bang Joona 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTBlock copolymer/nanoparticle (BCP/NP) composites have attracted much attention due to their easiness of fabricating nanoscopic hierarchical structures, and significantly enhanced chemical and physical properties of the nanocomposites. Most of the focus in co‐assembly of BCPs and NPs has been placed on the controlled alignment of NPs, “passively,” in the BCP domain. However, NPs with carefully designed interfacial properties “actively” direct self‐assembled structure of BCP in a nonconventional route. Herein, we review recent investigations of the self‐assembly of BCP domains in thin films via the addition of structure‐directing organic and inorganic NPs. Understanding the phase behavior of BCP/NP co‐assembly along with the theoretical description can shed a light on the far‐reaching potentials to creating nonconventional nanostructures rarely obtained via traditional fabrication tools. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 118–127