bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rescue of the Mucocutaneous Manifestations by Human Cord Blood Derived Nonhematopoietic Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Liao Yanling , Ivanova Larisa , Zhu Hongwen , Yahr Ashlin , Ayello Janet , van de Ven Carmella , Rashad Ahmed , Uitto Jouni , Christiano Angela M. , Cairo Mitchell S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRecessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a severe skin blistering disease caused by mutations in COL7A1-encoding type VII collagen (C7). Currently, there is no curative therapy for patients with RDEB. Our previous studies demonstrated that human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) derived unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) express C7 and facilitate wound healing in a murine wounding model. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the therapeutic functions of USSCs in the C7 null (Col7a1−/−) C57BL6/J mice, a murine model of RDEB. We demonstrated that intrahepatic administration of USSCs significantly improved the blistering phenotype and enhanced the life span in the recipients. The injected USSCs trafficked to the sites of blistering and were incorporated in short-term in the recipients' skin and gastrointestinal tract. Consistent with an overall histological improvement in the epidermal-dermal adherence following USSC treatment, the expression of C7 at the basement membrane zone was detected and the previously disorganized integrin α6 distribution was normalized. We also demonstrated that USSCs treatment induced an infiltration of macrophages with a regenerative “M2” phenotype. Our data suggest that HUCB-derived USSCs improved the RDEB phenotype through multiple mechanisms. This study has warranted future clinical investigation of USSCs as a novel and universal allogeneic stem cell donor source in selected patients with RDEB. Stem Cells 2015;33:1807–1817
Family Literacy and Global Literature
Authors: Truesdell Kim S. , del Prado Hill Pixita 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis Teaching Tip will explain an initiative, Global Book Hour, that engages families in a global literature read aloud. GBH integrates social studies, the visual and performing arts, healthy eating, and vocabulary development as children travel the world through high quality global children's literature. The program is a non‐traditional, rich literacy experience, and has multiple, strong community partners that include a grocery store and a laundromat. Because many of the children who attend GBH are immigrants and refugees, an added benefit of the read aloud and discussions is helping the children identify with characters in the story. Though this program is located in the community, it can be easily replicated in a school setting. In this article, the program is described, connections to the Common Core State Standards are identified, and suggestions for starting a GBH are included.
Satellite remote sensing of large lakes and reservoirs: from elevation and area to storage
Authors: Gao Huilin 
Published: February 2015

The majority of liquid surface freshwater globally is stored in large lakes and reservoirs. However, consistent observations of lakes and reservoirs are very limited, which makes it challenging to assess the surface water effect on global weather forecasting, earth system modeling, water management planning, and ecosystem sustainability. The advance of satellite remote sensing has offered a unique opportunity for monitoring large lakes and reservoirs from space. This article provides a comprehensive review of the satellite remote sensing approaches for estimating lake/reservoir elevations, areas, and storage variations. These include: (1) measuring surface water elevations using radar and laser altimeters; (2) estimating lake/reservoir areas using threshold‐based and image classification‐based approaches at visible and/or near infrared frequencies; and (3) combining elevation and area information to infer storage and storage variations. Different algorithms (as well as satellite sensors) applicable for these purposes are compared in terms of their advantages and limitations. Future direction and opportunities for more comprehensive data products with improved spatial and temporal resolutions are discussed. WIREs Water 2015, 2:147–157. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1065This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Magnetically Frustrated Double Perovskites: Synthesis, Structural Properties, and Magnetic Order of Sr2BOsO6 (B = Y, In, Sc)
Authors: Paul Avijit Kumar , Sarapulova Angelina , Adler Peter , Reehuis Manfred , Kanungo Sudipta , Mikhailova Daria , Schnelle Walter , Hu Zhiwei , Kuo Changyang , Siruguri Vasudeva , Rayaprol Sudhindra , Soo Yunlian , Yan Binghai , Felser Claudia , Hao Tjeng Liu , Jansen Martin 
Published: February 2015

Abstract Double perovskites Sr2BOsO6 (B = Y, In, and Sc) were prepared from the respective binary metal oxides, and their structural, magnetic, and electronic properties were investigated. At room temperature all these compounds crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n. They contain magnetic osmium (Os5+, t2g3) ions and are antiferromagnetic insulators with Néel temperatures TN = 53 K, 26 K, and 92 K for B = Y, In, and Sc, respectively. Powder neutron diffraction studies on Sr2YOsO6 and Sr2InOsO6 showed that the crystal structures remain unchanged down to 3 K. The Y and In compounds feature a type I antiferromagnetic spin structure with ordered Os moments of 1.91 μB and 1.77 μB, respectively. The trend in TN does not simply follow the development of the lattice parameters, which suggests that d0 compared to d10 ions on the B site favor a somewhat different balance of exchange interactions in the frustrated Os5+ fcc‐like lattice.
Cholangiocarcinoma Risk as Long‐term Outcome After Hepatic Resection in the Hepatolithiasis Patients
Authors: Kim Hyo Jung , Kim Jae Seon , Suh Sang Jun , Lee Beom Jae , Park Jong‐Jae , Lee Hong Sik , Kim Chang Duck , Bak Young‐Tae 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundHepatolithiasis is a well‐known risk factor of cholangiocarcinoma. Despite advances in diagnostic modalities, diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma in patients with hepatolithiasis still challenging and there are not enough reports on the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in patient with hepatolithiasis after treatment. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma in patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent liver resection or non‐resection.MethodsAmong a total of 257 patients who received treatment for hepatolithiasis, 236 patients were eligible for analysis. Exclusion criteria were follow‐up period less than 9 months, preoperative diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma within 1 year after treatment. Completeness of stone clearance was defined when there was no intrahepatic duct stone during whole follow‐up period. A retrospective study was done to analyze the patients’ characteristics, the results and complications of the procedure, and the long‐term outcomes for these patients. Kaplan–Meier method and cox proportional regression were used for statistical analysis.Results95 patients underwent hepatic resection (resection group) and 144 patients did not (non‐resection group). Complete stone clearance was 71 % (67/95) in resection group and 41 % (58/141) in non‐resection group (p < 0.001). The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma was 6.8 % (16/236) during follow‐up period (mean 41 ± 41 months). Cholangiocarcinoma occurred 6.3 % (6/95) and 7.1 % (10/141) in resection and non‐resection group, respectively. There was no significant difference in survival between two groups (p = 0.254). In analysis of according to completeness of stone clearance regardless of treatment modality, cholangiocarcinoma incidence was higher in patients with residual stone (10.4 %) than complete stone removal (3.3 %) (p = 0.263). On multivariate analysis, none of the factors (age, gender, CA19‐9, stone location, bile duct stenosis, liver atrophy, stone recurrence, residual stone, and hepatic resection) showed relationship with the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma.ConclusionHepatic resection for hepatolithiasis is considered to have a limited value in preventing cholangiocarcinoma and the patients should be carefully followed even after hepatic resection. A combination of different treatment modalities is necessary to decrease the residual stone and improve the outcome of the patients with hepatolithiasis.
Octacosanol Enhances the Proliferation and Migration of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via Activation of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk Pathways
Authors: Liu Yu‐Wei , Zuo Pei‐Yuan , Zha Xiang‐Nan , Chen Xing‐Lin , Zhang Rong , He Xiao‐Xiao , Liu Cheng‐Yun 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAtherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, lipid deposition, fibro‐proliferative reactions and inflammation. Octacosanol is a high‐molecular‐weight primary aliphatic alcohol. As the main component of a cholesterol‐lowering drug, octacosanol could inhibit lipids accumulation and cholesterol metabolism. To explore the indication of octacosanol on endothelial protection, we evaluated its effects on the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Cell viability assay using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine revealed that 3.125 μg/ml octacosanol promoted the proliferation of HUVEC. A cell migration assay indicated that 0.781 and 3.125 μg/ml octacosanol increased the migration of HUVEC. Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of Akt and Erk1/2 were significantly elevated under exposure to octacosanol. Blocking the activation of Akt and Erk with their potent inhibitors LY294002 and PD98059, respectively, markedly attenuated the octacosanol‐induced proliferation and migration of HUVEC. These findings demonstrated for the first time that octacosanol enhanced the proliferation and migration of HUVEC and mediated these effects through activation of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk1/2 signaling pathways.
Increased defibrillator therapies during influenza season in patients without influenza vaccines
Authors: Singh Sheldon M. , de Souza Russell J. , Kumareswaran Ramanan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe association between influenza vaccination and implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) therapies during influenza season is not known and is described in this study. Understanding this association is important since reduction in ICD therapies during influenza season via use of influenza vaccination would benefit patients physically and psychologically.MethodsPatients presenting to the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center ICD clinic between September 1st, 2011 and November 31st, 2011 were asked to complete a survey evaluating their use of the influenza vaccine. The number of patients with any ICD therapy and the total number of ICD therapies in the six months before and the three months during the 2010–2011 influenza season were determined. Poisson regression analysis was employed to assess differences in the average number of ICD therapies received during the influenza season based on vaccine status (vaccinated vs. unvaccinated). The analysis was repeated after limiting the cohort to patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%.ResultsA total of 229 patients completed the survey, 78% of whom received the influenza vaccine. Four patients had more than one ICD shock during the study period. Electrical storm was rare (n=2). A trend toward more ICD therapies (unadjusted incident rate ratio (IRR)=3.2; P=0.07) and appropriate ICD shocks (unadjusted IRR=9.0; P=0.17) was noted for unvaccinated compared to vaccinated patients. This association persisted when analysis was limited to patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35% (all ICD therapies: unadjusted IRR=5.8; P=0.045; adjusted IRR=2.6; P=0.33). No patient who received the influenza vaccine, and had a reduced ejection fraction, received an approprite ICD shock during influenza season (unadjusted P<0.002).ConclusionA trend toward more ICD therapies during influenza season was observed in patients who did not receive the influenza vaccine compared to those who did. The association was stronger in patients who received appropriate ICD shocks and in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Further work to confirm these findings is recommended.
Gene expression‐based classifications of fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumours of the breast
Authors: Vidal Maria , Peg Vicente , Galván Patricia , Tres Alejandro , Cortés Javier , Ramón y Cajal Santiago , Rubio Isabel T. , Prat Aleix 
Published: January 2015

Fibroepithelial tumors (FTs) of the breast are a heterogeneous group of lesions ranging from fibroadenomas (FAD) to phyllodes tumors (PT) (benign, borderline, malignant). Further understanding of their molecular features and classification might be of clinical value. In this study, we analysed the expression of 105 breast cancer‐related genes, including the 50 genes of the PAM50 intrinsic subtype predictor and 12 genes of the Claudin‐low subtype predictor, in a panel of 75 FTs (34 FADs, 5 juvenile FADs, 20 benign PTs, 5 borderline PTs and 11 malignant PTs) with clinical follow‐up. In addition, we compared the expression profiles of FTs with those of 14 normal breast tissues and 49 primary invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs). Our results revealed that the levels of expression of all breast cancer‐related genes can discriminate the various groups of FTs, together with normal breast tissues and IDCs (False Discovery Rate < 5%). Among FTs, the levels expression of proliferation‐related genes (e.g. CCNB1 and MKI67) and mesenchymal/epithelial‐related (e.g. CLDN3 and EPCAM) genes were found to be most discriminative. As expected, FADs showed the highest and lowest expression of epithelial‐ and proliferation‐related genes, respectively, whereas malignant PTs showed the opposite expression pattern. Interestingly, the overall profile of benign PTs was found more similar to FADs and normal breast tissues than the rest of tumours, including juvenile FADs. Within the dataset of IDCs and normal breast tissues, the vast majority of FADs, juvenile FADs, benign PTs and borderline PTs were identified as Normal‐like by intrinsic breast cancer subtyping, whereas 7 (63.6%) and 3 (27.3%) malignant PTs were identified as Claudin‐low and Basal‐like, respectively. Finally, we observed that the previously described PAM50 risk of relapse prognostic score better predicted outcome in FTs than the morphological classification, even within PTs‐only. Our results suggest that classification of FTs using gene expression‐based data is feasible and might provide clinically useful biological and prognostic information.
A comparison of buy‐side and sell‐side analysts
Authors: Hobbs Jeffrey , Singh Vivek 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThere is very little research on the topic of buy‐side analyst performance, and that which does exist yields mixed results. We use a large sample from both the buy‐side and the sell‐side and report several new results. First, while the contemporaneous returns to portfolios based on sell‐side recommendations are positive, the returns for buy‐side analysts, proxied by changes in institutional holdings, are negative. Second, the buy‐side analysts' underperformance is accentuated when they trade against sell‐side analysts' recommendations. Third, abnormal returns positively relate to both the portfolio size and the portfolio turnover of buy‐side analysts' institutions, suggesting that large institutions employ superior analysts and that superior analysts frequently change their recommendations. Abnormal returns are also positively related to buy‐side portfolios with stocks that have higher analyst coverage, greater institutional holding, and lower earnings forecast dispersion. Fourth, there is substantial persistence in buy‐side performance, but even the top decile performs poorly. These findings suggest that sell‐side analysts still outperform buy‐side analysts despite the severe conflicts of interest documented in the literature.
Response to Challenge Dose Among Young Adults Vaccinated for Hepatitis B as Infants: Importance of Detectable Residual Antibody to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
Authors: Spradling Philip R. , Kamili Saleem , Xing Jian , Drobeniuc Jan , Hu Dale J. , Middleman Amy B. 
Published: February 2015

OBJECTIVETo determine whether a difference in antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) response to a hepatitis B vaccine challenge dose existed among persons with a baseline anti-HBs level of 0 mIU/mL (group 1) and those with “non-zero” levels of 0.1–4.9 (group 2) and 5.0–9.9 (group 3) mIU/mL, according to the VITROS ECi anti-HBs assay.DESIGNSubanalysis of randomized clinical trial. Response was defined as a postchallenge anti-HBs level of at least 10 mIU/mL and 4-fold rise in anti-HBs level 2 weeks after a single challenge dose of 10 vs 20 µg Engerix-B. Baseline was defined as the anti-HBs level immediately before administration of the challenge dose.SETTINGPediatric integrated healthcare system near Houston, Texas.PARTICIPANTSThree hundred nineteen US-born 16–19-year-olds who completed the hepatitis B vaccine series during the first year of life.RESULTSOne hundred seventy-eight persons had zero (group 1) and 141 (114 group 2 and 27 group 3) had non-zero anti-HBs levels at baseline. Response to the challenge dose was significantly higher among those with non-zero vs zero anti-HBs levels, irrespective of challenge dosage; only 1 person with a non-zero anti-HBs level failed to respond to the challenge dose (group 3, 27/27 [100%] vs group 2, 113/114 [99%] vs group 1, 145/178 [82%]; P<.0001).CONCLUSIONSAmong participants with residual anti-HBs levels less than 10 mIU/mL 16–19 years after primary hepatitis B vaccination during infancy, non-zero anti-HBs levels, with rare exception, indicated persistence of immune memory to HBsAg.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01341275Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;00(0):1–5
The ubiquity of frequency effects in first language acquisition
Authors: AMBRIDGE BEN , KIDD EVAN , ROWLAND CAROLINE F. , THEAKSTON ANNA L. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThis review article presents evidence for the claim that frequency effects are pervasive in children's first language acquisition, and hence constitute a phenomenon that any successful account must explain. The article is organized around four key domains of research: children's acquisition of single words, inflectional morphology, simple syntactic constructions, and more advanced constructions. In presenting this evidence, we develop five theses. (i) There exist different types of frequency effect, from effects at the level of concrete lexical strings to effects at the level of abstract cues to thematic-role assignment, as well as effects of both token and type, and absolute and relative, frequency. High-frequency forms are (ii) early acquired and (iii) prevent errors in contexts where they are the target, but also (iv) cause errors in contexts in which a competing lower-frequency form is the target. (v) Frequency effects interact with other factors (e.g. serial position, utterance length), and the patterning of these interactions is generally informative with regard to the nature of the learning mechanism. We conclude by arguing that any successful account of language acquisition, from whatever theoretical standpoint, must be frequency sensitive to the extent that it can explain the effects documented in this review, and outline some types of account that do and do not meet this criterion.
Automorphisms of the 3-sphere that preserve spatial graphs and handlebody-knots
Authors: KODA YUYA 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe consider the group of isotopy classes of automorphisms of the 3-sphere that preserve a spatial graph or a handlebody-knot embedded in it. We prove that the group is finitely presented for an arbitrary spatial graph or a reducible handlebody-knot of genus two. We also prove that the groups for “most” irreducible genus two handlebody-knots are finite.
A phylo-functional core of gut microbiota in healthy young Chinese cohorts across lifestyles, geography and ethnicities
Authors: Zhang Jiachao , Guo Zhuang , Xue Zhengsheng , Sun Zhihong , Zhang Menghui , Wang Lifeng , Wang Guoyang , Wang Fang , Xu Jie , Cao Hongfang , Xu Haiyan , Lv Qiang , Zhong Zhi , Chen Yongfu , Qimuge Sudu , Menghe Bilige , Zheng Yi , Zhao Liping , Chen Wei , Zhang Heping 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Structural profiling of healthy human gut microbiota across heterogeneous populations is necessary for benchmarking and characterizing the potential ecosystem services provided by particular gut symbionts for maintaining the health of their hosts. Here we performed a large structural survey of fecal microbiota in 314 healthy young adults, covering 20 rural and urban cohorts from 7 ethnic groups living in 9 provinces throughout China. Canonical analysis of unweighted UniFrac principal coordinates clustered the subjects mainly by their ethnicities/geography and less so by lifestyles. Nine predominant genera, all of which are known to contain short-chain fatty acid producers, co-occurred in all individuals and collectively represented nearly half of the total sequences. Interestingly, species-level compositional profiles within these nine genera still discriminated the subjects according to their ethnicities/geography and lifestyles. Therefore, a phylogenetically diverse core of gut microbiota at the genus level may be commonly shared by distinctive healthy populations as functionally indispensable ecosystem service providers for the hosts.
Humans perceive flicker artifacts at 500 Hz
Authors: Davis James , Hsieh Yi-Hsuan , Lee Hung-Chi 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHumans perceive a stable average intensity image without flicker artifacts when a television or monitor updates at a sufficiently fast rate. This rate, known as the critical flicker fusion rate, has been studied for both spatially uniform lights and spatio-temporal displays. These studies have included both stabilized and unstablized retinal images and report the maximum observable rate as 50–90 Hz. A separate line of research has reported that fast eye movements known as saccades allow simple modulated LEDs to be observed at very high rates. Here we show that humans perceive visual flicker artifacts at rates over 500 Hz when a display includes high frequency spatial edges. This rate is many times higher than previously reported. As a result, modern display designs which use complex spatio-temporal coding need to update much faster than conventional TVs, which traditionally presented a simple sequence of natural images.