bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Sensitive 3D‐Nanoplasmonic‐Based Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Multiplex Assay Chip for Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Lee Ji Young , Jeong Byeong‐Ho , Jung Ho Sang , Kang Taejoon , Park Yeonkyung , Rho Jin Kyung , Park Sung‐Gyu , Lee Min‐Young 
Published: June 2024

Economical mutation detection method with high analytical and clinical sensitivity is necessary for early cancer diagnosis and screening. In this study, a novel 3D‐nanoplasmonic‐based multiplex mutation assay chip is developed to detect epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. This assay kit comprises a 3D‐nanoplasmonic substrate immobilized with capture probes and primer–probe sets for recombinase polymerase amplification, wild‐type inhibition, and fluorescence detection, enabling multiplex detection of EGFR exon 19 deletions, exon 20 insertions, and exon 21 L858R point mutations. The strategy facilitates the detection of all deletions and insertions within the target region with extremely high analytical sensitivity, detecting as low as 1 × 10−9% mutation frequency, implying three copies/reactions and 100 zM. The synergistic effects of plasmon‐enhanced fluorescence from the 3D‐nanoplasmonic substrate and wild‐type inhibitor contribute to this high analytical sensitivity. Moreover, the developed chip exhibits 100% accuracy in the clinical testing of plasma samples from normal individuals and patients with benign lung tumor and malignant lung tumor. With high sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities, this assay operates at a low reaction temperature (around 37 °C) and requires a short processing time, ≈70 min post‐cell‐free DNA extraction. These features make the chip a valuable tool for easy and widespread cancer screening.
Cost‐Effective Synthesis Method: Toxic Solvent‐Free Approach for Stable Mixed Cation Perovskite Powders in Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Nambiraj Balagowtham , Kunka Ravindran Acchutharaman , Muthu Senthil Pandian , Perumalsamy Ramasamy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganometallic lead halide perovskite powders have gained widespread attention for their intriguing properties, showcasing remarkable performance in the optoelectronic applications. In this study, formamidinium lead iodide (α‐FAPbI3) microcrystals (MCs) is synthesized using retrograde solubility‐driven crystallization. Additionally, methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) and cesium lead iodide (δ‐CsPbI3) MCs are prepared through a sonochemical process, employing low‐grade PbX2 (X = I & Br) precursors and an eco‐friendly green solvent (γ‐Valerolactone). The study encompasses an analysis of the structural, optical, thermal, elemental, and morphological characteristics of FAPbI3, MAPbBr3, and CsPbI3 MCs. Upon analysing phase stability, a phase transition in FAPbI3 MCs is observed after 2 weeks. To address this issue, a powder‐based mechanochemical method is employed to synthesize stable mixed cation perovskite powders (MCPs) by subjecting FAPbI3 and MAPbBr3 MCs with varying concentrations of CsPbI3. Furthermore, the performance of mixed cation perovskites are examined using the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS‐1D) software. The impact of cesium incorporation in the photovoltaic characteristics is elucidated. All mixed cation absorbers exhibited optimal device performance with a thickness ranging between 0.6–1.5 µm. It's worth noting that the MCPs exhibit impressive ambient stability, remaining structurally intact and retaining their properties without significant degradation for 70 days of ambient exposure.
Who is to put the bell on the cat? Democracy, dictatorship, and James M. Buchanan's early 1980s involvement with Pinochet's Chile
Authors: Farrant Andrew , Tarko Vlad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough Milton Friedman's mid‐1970s involvement with Pinochet's Chile has generated much controversy, the claim that James M. Buchanan was similarly eager to provide Pinochet's military dictatorship with early 1980s policy advice is increasingly reported as an established fact in the vast scholarly literature on neoliberalism. This article invokes a wealth of previously ignored primary source material that sheds significant new light on Buchanan's early 1980s involvement with Chile. In particular, we evaluate whether Buchanan's May 1980 visit to Chile was an integral part of the Pinochet junta's late 1970s and early 1980s efforts to draft a new constitution. Similarly, we evaluate whether Buchanan's ideas had any significant influence on the views of Pedro Ibáñez and Carlos Cáceres (the most anti‐democratic members of Pinochet's Council of State and the primary hosts of Buchanan's May 1980 visit to Chile). Finally, we shed important new light on Buchanan's participation in the highly controversial late 1981 Mont Pèlerin Society meeting in Chile.
Inhibiting Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase to Counteract Chemoresistance and Stem Cell‐Like Properties in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Tsai Hsiao‐Chi , Lien Ming‐Yu , Wang Shih‐Wei , Fong Yi‐Chin , Tang Chih‐Hsin 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTOsteosarcoma, a highly aggressive bone cancer, often develops resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics, leading to poor prognosis and survival rates. The malignancy and chemoresistance of osteosarcoma pose significant challenges in its treatment, highlighting the critical need for novel therapeutic approaches. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) plays a pivotal role in B‐cell development and has been linked to various cancers, including breast, lung, and oral cancers, where it contributes to tumor growth and chemoresistance. Despite its established importance in these malignancies, the impact of BTK on osteosarcoma remains unexplored. Our study delves into the expression levels of BTK in osteosarcoma tissues by data from the GEO and TCGA database, revealing a marked increase in BTK expression compared with primary osteoblasts and a potential correlation with primary site progression. Through our investigations, we identified a subset of osteosarcoma cells, named cis‐HOS, which exhibited resistance to cisplatin. These cells displayed characteristics of cancer stem cells (CSCs), demonstrated a higher angiogenesis effect, and had an increased migration ability. Notably, an upregulation of BTK was observed in these cisplatin‐resistant cells. The application of ibrutinib, a BTK inhibitor, significantly mitigated these aggressive traits. Our study demonstrates that BTK plays a crucial role in conferring chemoresistance in osteosarcoma. The upregulation of BTK in cisplatin‐resistant cells was effectively countered by ibrutinib. These findings underscore the potential of targeting BTK as an effective strategy to overcome chemoresistance in osteosarcoma treatment.
Q&A: Methods for estimating genetic gain in sub‐Saharan Africa and achieving improved gains
Authors: Dieng Ibnou , Gardunia Brian , Covarrubias‐Pazaran Giovanny , Gemenet Dorcus C. , Trognitz Bodo , Ofodile Sam , Fowobaje Kayode , Ntukidem Solomon , Shah Trushar , Imoro Simon , Tripathi Leena , Mushoriwa Hapson , Mbabazi Ruth , Salvo Stella , Derera John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRegular measurement of realized genetic gain allows plant breeders to assess and review the effectiveness of their strategies, allocate resources efficiently, and make informed decisions throughout the breeding process. Realized genetic gain estimation requires separating genetic trends from nongenetic trends using the linear mixed model (LMM) on historical multi‐environment trial data. The LMM, accounting for the year effect, experimental designs, and heterogeneous residual variances, estimates best linear unbiased estimators of genotypes and regresses them on their years of origin. An illustrative example of estimating realized genetic gain was provided by analyzing historical data on fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) yield in West Africa (https://github.com/Biometrics‐IITA/Estimating‐Realized‐Genetic‐Gain). This approach can serve as a model applicable to other crops and regions. Modernization of breeding programs is necessary to maximize the rate of genetic gain. This can be achieved by adopting genomics to enable faster breeding, accurate selection, and improved traits through genomic selection and gene editing. Tracking operational costs, establishing robust, digitalized data management and analytics systems, and developing effective varietal selection processes based on customer insights are also crucial for success. Capacity building and collaboration of breeding programs and institutions also play a significant role in accelerating genetic gains.
Transforming environmental sustainability: Lime‐treated used coffee grounds for innovative eco‐friendly epoxy composite materials
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh , Oanh Doan Thi Yen , Ngo Thuy Van , Nguyen Thi Huong , Nguyen Thi Thu Phuong , Bui Thi Thu Trang , Dam Xuan Thang , Nguyen Kim An , Nguyen Minh Viet , Nguyen Quang Tung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study proposes an innovative method to recycle used coffee grounds into environmentally friendly epoxy composite materials while emphasizing the sustainability of this process. This approach focuses on using lime‐treated coffee grounds as a reinforcing agent for epoxy composites. Diverse analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical testing according to international standards have been used to evaluate the properties of materials. Coffee grounds have been treated by soaking in Ca(OH)2 solution with different concentrations (0.1 m, 0.3 m) and processing times (1, 3 and 5 days), then combined with epoxy resin to form composite materials. The results showed that using coffee grounds treated with Ca(OH)2 significantly improved the stability and performance of epoxy composites. The best fire retardant performance was achieved with a Ca(OH)2 solution with a concentration of 0.3 m and a treatment time of 3 days, with a limiting oxidation index (LOI) of 21.6%. Furthermore, the compressive strength increased by about 20.79% compared to pure epoxy resin. This study highlights the potential of optimizing coffee grounds treatment parameters with Ca(OH)2 to improve the properties and performance of epoxy composites, thereby promoting practical application and environmental protection.
Computational methods for climate change frame analysis: Techniques, critiques, and cautious ways forward
Authors: Hirsbrunner Simon David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFrame analysis is a popular methodological paradigm to investigate how climate change is reported in the media, how it is negotiated by political actors, and perceived by publics. Its scope of application extends across various academic disciplines and transcends traditional boundaries of research such as those between quantitative and qualitative methods. Recent transformations of the media landscape have a strong influence on how frame analysis is conducted and how it is used to investigate climate change communication. Online data mining and computational methods have now become increasingly mainstream to investigate discursive elements in online media. Scholars have highlighted the potential, but also the risks associated with sophisticated computational methods, such as machine learning, increasingly used in the context of frame analysis. This advanced review gathers the scientific literature on computational frame analysis for analyzing climate change communication and discusses ways of dealing with associated risks and caveats by incorporating ideas from Science & Technology Studies (STS) and other stances of critical scholarship. Recommended ways forward include combining methods, practicing theoretical interdisciplinarity, infrastructuring reflexivity in research constellations, and embracing transparency, documentation, and accessibility of methods.This article is categorized under:
The Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Sociology/Anthropology of Climate Knowledge
Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Communication
Climate, History, Society, Culture > Technological Aspects and Ideas
Celestial holography from chiral strings
Authors: Krishna Hare , Wang Yu-Ping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we studied the relationship between celestial holography and chiral strings. Chiral strings differ from the usual string theory by a change of boundary conditions on the string propagators. It is shown that chiral strings would reproduce graviton amplitudes and could serve as an alternative description of Einstein’s gravity. Celestial holography is a proposed duality between gravity in asymptotically flat space-time and a CFT living on its conformal boundary. Since both are CFT descriptions of gravity, we investigate the potential connection between these two formalisms.In this paper, we find that both the energetic as well as conformal soft theorems could be derived from the OPEs of vertex operators of chiral strings. All operators in the CCFT can be described by Mellin transforming the vertex operators in the chiral string theories, and the OPE coefficients of CCFT can also be obtained from the world-sheet description.
Evaluation of Neonatal Cerebral Circulation Under Hypoxic Ischemic Risk Factors Based on Quantitative Analysis of Cerebral Veins with Magnetic Resonance Susceptibility Weighted Imaging
Authors: Xie Qi , Liao Yan-Hui , He Wen-juan , Han Peng-peng , Wu Jun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To observe the regulation of cerebral circulation in vivo based on image segmentation algorithms for deep learning in medical imaging to automatically detect and quantify the neonatal deep medullary veins (DMVs) on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) images. To evaluate early cerebral circulation self-rescue for neonates undergoing risk of cerebral hypoxia-ischaemia in vivo.

Methods
SWI images and clinical data of 317 neonates with or without risk of cerebral hypoxia-ischaemia were analyzed. Quantitative parameters showing the number, width, and curvature of DMVs were obtained using an image segmentation algorithm.

Results
The number of DMVs was greater in males than in females (p < 0.01), and in term than in preterm infants (p = 0.001). The width of DMVs was greater in term than in preterm infants (p < 0.01), in low-risk than in high-risk group (p < 0.01), and in neonates without intracranial extracerebral haemorrhage (ICECH) than with ICECH (p < 0.05). The curvature of DMVs was greater in term than in preterm infants (P < 0.05). The width of both bilateral thalamic veins and anterior caudate nucleus veins were positively correlated with the number of DMVs; the width of bilateral thalamic veins was positively correlated with the width of DMVs.

Conclusion
The DMVs quantification based on image segmentation algorithm may provide more detailed and stable quantitative information in neonate. SWI vein quantification may be an observable indicator for in vivo assessment of cerebral circulation self-regulation in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
Tibial plateau fractures are associated with ligamentous and meniscal injuries. Preoperative evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging influences surgical treatment
Authors: Risitano Salvatore , Giustra Fortunato , Bosco Francesco , Rea Antonio , Cacciola Giorgio , Rizzolo Raffaella , Sabatini Luigi , Capella Marcello , Massè Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Tibial plateau fractures (TPFs) are usually associated with ligamentous or meniscal injuries that could remain misdiagnosed. An appropriate and early recognition may change the surgical management of these soft tissue injuries (STIs) that could be addressed concomitantly with TPF treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an efficient diagnostic test to identify all associated STIs in TPFs. This study aims to analyze the MRI impact in identifying and guiding the STIs treatment in TPFs.

Material/methods
This retrospective study included a consecutive series of 57 patients with TPFs treated between January 1st, 2022, and December 31st, 2022. All fracture patterns were classified according to the AO/OTA and Schatzker classification. The prevalence of STIs, including medial meniscus (MM), lateral meniscus (LM), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries, was assessed through the MRI evaluation.

Results
A statistical significance was found regarding the MRI detection of LM, ACL, PCL and MCL injuries that led to additional surgical procedures at the same time as the TPFs treatment (p < 0.05). In contrast, the amount of additional MM and LCL injuries identified by MRI, which resulted in other surgical procedures, was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Preoperative MRI has been demonstrated to be an effective procedure for diagnosing STIs in TPFs, significantly influencing and changing the surgical treatment.
Level of evidence: IV.
Multiple imputation with competing risk outcomes
Authors: Austin Peter C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In time-to-event analyses, a competing risk is an event whose occurrence precludes the occurrence of the event of interest. Settings with competing risks occur frequently in clinical research. Missing data, which is a common problem in research, occurs when the value of a variable is recorded for some, but not all, records in the dataset. Multiple Imputation (MI) is a popular method to address the presence of missing data. MI uses an imputation model to generate M (M > 1) values for each variable that is missing, resulting in the creation of M complete datasets. A popular algorithm for imputing missing data is multivariate imputation using chained equations (MICE). We used a complex simulation design with covariates and missing data patterns reflective of patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to compare three strategies for imputing missing predictor variables when the analysis model is a cause-specific hazard when there were three different event types. We compared two MICE-based strategies that differed according to which cause-specific cumulative hazard functions were included in the imputation models (the three cause-specific cumulative hazard functions vs. only the cause-specific cumulative hazard function for the primary outcome) with the use of the substantive model compatible fully conditional specification (SMCFCS) algorithm. While no strategy had consistently superior performance compared to the other strategies, SMCFCS may be the preferred strategy. We illustrated the application of the strategies using a case study of patients hospitalized with AMI.
Role of curcumin on beta-amyloid protein, tau protein, and biochemical and oxidative changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Ermiş Mustafa , Çiftci Gülay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most common endocrine metabolic diseases and is associated with the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. Amyloid beta (Aβ) and abnormal tau proteins are effective in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic and protective effects of curcumin on beta-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and tau protein expression levels, as well as biochemical and oxidative changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. The study comprised five groups, each consisting of eight rats: control, diabetic, curcumin, curcumin during diabetic induction, and curcumin post-diabetic induction. Groups 2 and 4 were administered a single dose of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin on day 1, while group 5 received it on day 28. Curcumin was orally administered via gavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 35 days to the third, fourth, and fifth groups. At the end of the trial (day 35), blood sugar levels and insulin resistance were similar between the control and curcumin-treated groups but significantly higher in the diabetic groups (P < 0.05). The protective effect of curcumin is tested during induction and active diabetes. The results indicated that diabetic rats displayed increased levels of Aβ, tau protein, and total oxidant capacity (TOS) compared to the curcumin-treated groups. Additionally, the total antioxidant capacity (TAS) levels were lower in the diabetic rats (P < 0.05). Aβ protein levels are lower in both the serum and brain of rats with active diabetes and treated with curcumin compared to control rats (P > 0.05). In addition, serum TAS levels were higher in rats treated with curcumin following the induction of diabetes than pre-induction of diabetes (P > 0.05). The TOS levels in the serum were higher in the rats treated with curcumin during active diabetes compared to the rats treated prior to the induction of diabetes (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the brain. The above results show that curcumin has an effect on reducing oxidative stress caused by diabetes and increasing antioxidant activity.
Isolated cerebellar stroke in a paediatric patient with typical haemolytic uraemic syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lo Bianco Manuela , Rinella Sergio , D’Arco Felice , Ioannidou Evangelia , Kaliakatsos Marios 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHaemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) is a rare medical condition characterised by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Neurological complications are documented but rarely involve the cerebellum. We present a unique case of a 23-month-old male with HUS triggered by Escherichia coli-O157 (E.coli-O157) infection leading to an isolated cerebellar stroke.The patient initially presented with fever, bloody stools, and seizures. Confirmation of E.coli-O157 infection was obtained, and MRI revealed an isolated cerebellar stroke. Treatment included supportive care, anticoagulation for a right atrial thrombus, with gradual improvement observed.This case highlights the unusual occurrence of isolated cerebellar stroke in HUS patients, emphasising the importance of promptly recognizing manifestations of the central nervous system and the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach. Finally, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify cases of HUS patients with cerebellar involvement.