bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brief but comprehensive three-item social connectedness screener for use in social risk assessment tools
Authors: Gordon Nancy P. , Stiefel Matthiew C. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe 2014 IOM report “Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records” described three subdomains of social relationships that affect patient health and well-being. However, most social risk screeners currently assess only one subdomain, frequency of social connections. We are proposing a three-item Brief Social Connectedness (SC) screener that additionally assesses risks in social/emotional support and loneliness/social isolation subdomains.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, we used data from a 2021 Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) social risk survey for 2244 members ages 35–85 years. The survey included three validated questions that covered the SC subdomains (frequencies of social contacts with people they care about, feeling lonely/socially isolated, and getting enough social/emotional support). Variables representing moderate/high versus low risk were created for each subdomain. We used weighted data for bivariate analyses and modified log-Poisson regression models that adjusted for age, sex, race, and ethnicity to examine cross-sectional associations among the three subdomain risks, as well as with two structural SC risks, living alone and not being in a committed relationship. We then used modified log-Poisson regression models to study cross-sectional associations of these five SC variables with three single-item self-report measures of emotional health.ResultsIn regression models that included all five SC variables, loneliness/social isolation and social/emotional support risks were significantly associated with all three emotional health measures, while frequency of social contacts, living alone, and no committed relationship were not. However, low frequency of social contacts and no committed relationship significantly increased risk of often feeling lonely/socially isolated and lacking in social/emotional support.ConclusionsA three-item social connectedness screener that assessed risks of loneliness/social isolation, inadequate social/emotional support, and low frequency of social contacts provided more comprehensive information about emotional health risks than social connection frequency alone.
Association between body mass index and atopic dermatitis among adolescents: Findings from a national cross-sectional study in Korea
Authors: Lim Jae Hyeok , Jang Yun Seo , Kim Dan Bi , Jang Suk-Yong , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: July 2024

Background
The association between atopic dermatitis and childhood overweight and obesity has been studied extensively, but the results are inconclusive; most studies have focused on body mass index as a measure of obesity, with few investigating the relationship with underweight. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between body mass index levels and atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents.

Methods
3-year (2019–2021) of Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used. Body mass index was used to measure obesity and a recent diagnosis within the past year was used as the criterion for atopic dermatitis. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the associations. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results
A total of 144,183 adolescents aged 12–18 years were included in this study (74,704 males and 69,479 females). Over the past year, 5.4% of males and 7.3% of females were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis in the study population. Adolescents with normal weight (males [OR: 1.19, CI: 1.02–1.38]; females [OR: 1.26, CI: 1.10–1.43]) and overweight (males [OR: 1.37, CI: 1.16–1.61]; females [OR: 1.37, CI: 1.19–1.58]) were more likely to develop atopic dermatitis than underweight.

Conclusion
Increased degree of obesity may contribute to the development of atopic dermatitis. The normal-weight and obese adolescents had higher likelihood of developing atopic dermatitis compared with the underweight adolescents.
The Political Economy of Academic Freedom
Authors: Bjørnskov Christian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper surveys the empirical literature on causes and consequences of academic freedom that has grown up since the release of new data in 2020. The literature suggests that democracy and multi-party politics contribute to more academic freedom. However, declines in academic freedom may predict autocratisation. In addition, the literature shows that academic freedom contributes to better research, innovation and productivity growth.
Taxonomy, hosts, and distribution of an emerging invasive mealybug, Phenacoccus miruku (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), in Florida
Authors: Powell Erin C. , Deeter Lily A. , Moore Matthew R. , Ahmed Muhammad Z. , Miller Douglass R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An invasive mealybug (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) was first detected and identified in Florida in 2019 as Phenacoccus sisymbriifolium Granara de Willink. This species was described from Uruguay in 2007 on Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. (Solanaceae) and Florida specimens largely matched the description. However, new morphological and molecular evidence supports that this species is Phenacoccus miruku Tanaka & Choi, recently described from Japan in 2022. P. miruku is presumed Neotropical or Nearctic in origin and invasive in Japan. We discuss the issues around the taxonomic identities of these species and for each give diagnoses. An available list of host plants, a current distribution map, notes on ecological associates, images of live specimens in the field, and a key to the species of Phenacoccus in Florida also are provided. Since its detection, this mealybug has been widely found throughout 20 Florida counties with a continuously expanding host list. It is currently most common on roadside weeds such as Bidens alba (L.) DC. and Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (Asteraceae) but it has recently been identified on cultivated crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam.), peppers (Capsicum L.) (Solanaceae), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) (Convolvulaceae). This paper serves to provide information on this emerging mealybug pest, give resources for its identification, and facilitate detection and management.
Exploring entry pathways towards nurse practitioner program admissions: a rapid review
Authors: Lownie Clara J. , Vaccarello Amanda M. , Kennedy Erin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This rapid review provides an overview of the current landscape of, and the criteria used for admission into nurse practitioner programs.

Methods
A series of application and admission criteria were collected from nurse practitioner programs in Canada, the United States of America (USA) and Australia. Key descriptive statistics and indicators were analyzed.

Results
Most programs in the USA and Canada required a minimum grade point average (GPA) between 3.00 and 3.24, while Australian programs did not identify minimum GPA requirements. Contrastingly, Australian programs required the highest minimum clinical practice hours. Many North American programs required writing samples, while Australian programs did not.

Conclusions
Despite role similarity, nurse practitioner admission criteria differ substantially between Canada, the USA and Australia, hindering standardization and integration of the role globally.
Early detection of cardiovascular risk markers through non-invasive ultrasound methodologies in periodontitis patients
Authors: Nicolosi Giada , Donzella Martina , Polizzi Alessandro , Angjelova Angela , Santonocito Simona , Zanoli Luca , Annunziata Marco , Isola Gaetano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This narrative review aims to update the current evidence and offer insight into the new non-invasive ultrasound techniques used to early identify degenerative vascular changes in subjects with periodontitis and to investigate if these methodologies could be useful to identify subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) dysfunction in periodontitis patients and to monitor changes in CVD risk after periodontal treatment.

Methods
Studies examining the assessment of vascular endothelial function through the latest methodologies were analyzed. Systematic reviews, observational studies, and clinical trials in the English language were identified using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases with key search terms such as “periodontitis,” “endothelial dysfunction (ED),” “arterial stiffness,” and “periodontal therapy.”

Results
Several mechanisms are involved in the association between periodontitis and CVD. The key players are periodontal bacteria and their toxins, which can enter the circulation and infiltrate blood vessel walls. The increase in proinflammatory molecules such as interleukins and chemokines, c-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and oxidative stress also plays a decisive role. In addition, an increase in parameters of ED, arterial stiffness, and atherosclerosis, such as carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, and flow-mediated dilatation, has been shown in periodontal patients.

Conclusions
The literature today agrees on the association of periodontitis and CVD and the positive role of periodontal therapy on systemic inflammatory indices and cardiovascular outcomes. Hopefully, these non-invasive methodologies could be extended to periodontal patients to provide a comprehensive understanding of the CVD-periodontitis link from the perspective of a personalized medicine approach in periodontology.
A brief investigation on the prospective of co-composted biochar as a fertilizer for Zucchini plants cultivated in arid sandy soil
Authors: Mohamed Ibrahim , Farid Ihab M. , Siam Hanan S. , Abbas Mohamed H. H. , Tolba Mona , Mahmoud Safaa A. , Abbas Hassan H. , Abdelhafez Ahmed A. , Elkelish Amr , Scopa Antonio , Drosos Marios , AbdelRahman Mohamed A. E. , Bassouny Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Compost is commonly utilized to improve properties of infertile sandy soils, despite its high biodegradability which may increase greenhouse gases emissions. It is possible to combine compost with biochar, which degrades at a slower rate, forming a “co-composted biochar” product. This mixture could enhance plant growth parameters beyond those attained for using each component, individually. To investigate this assumption, zucchini was selected as a test plant to be grown, under greenhouse conditions, on a sandy soil that received biochar, compost or co-composted biochar (from rice straw or sugarcane bagasse (SB)) for a duration of 15 days. This timeframe was deemed sufficient to achieve a relatively stable degradation rate for compost. Application of organic materials increased both fresh and dry weights of zucchini plants, particularly when co-composted biochar of SB was used. Specifically, plant fresh weights increased by 1.24–1.71 folds when using this additive versus the control group. Additionally, availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in soil and their uptake by plants significantly increased owing to application of all additives, with superiority for the co-composted biochar of SB. Enhancements in plant fresh weights were strongly correlated with increasing availability and uptake of phosphorus by plants. In conclusion, organic amendments have a substantial positive impact on enhancing the nutritional status and growth of zucchini, even during the early vegetative growth stage (within the first 15 days after planting). The greatest improvements were observed when co-composted biochar of SB was used and this confirm the main hypothesis of the study.
ВЛАСТИВОСТІ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНОГО ВОДОВУГІЛЬНОГО ПАЛИВА, СТАБІЛІЗОВАНОГО ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ВУГЛЕЦЕВОГО СУБМІКРОННОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ ТА АМІНОСПИРТІВ
Authors: Кліщенко Роман Е. 
Published: July 2024

Композиційне водовугільне паливо (КВП) є реальною альтернативою не тільки твердому вугіллю, але може слугувати замінником мазуту та дизельного палива. Проблемою комбінованих систем є низька стабільність та неоднорідність розподілу частинок вугілля, що призводить до зростання в’язкості дисперсних систем, тому для регулювання реологічних властивостей та стабілізації КВП застосовують добавки хімічних реагентів (диспергаторів, пластифікаторів, стабілізаторів). Мета роботи полягала у вивченні можливості стабілізації композиційного водовугільного палива за допомогою добавок вуглецевого субмікронного матеріалу, отриманого шляхом плазмохімічної конверсії органовмісних стічних вод, та аміноспиртів. Досліджено системи на основі вугілля марки G з концентрацією твердої фази 61 %. У якості аміноспиртів застосовували 2-аміно-2-метил-1-пропанол (АМР) та 2-аміно-2-етил-1,3-пропандіол (AEPD). Аміноспирти додавали до КВП у концентраціях 0.05; 0.1; 0.15 та 0.2 % на масу КВП. Встановлено, що ξ – потенціал частинок вугілля марки G у присутності аміноспиртів становить за абсолютною величиною 40–45 мВ.. Отримані КВП демонструють псевдопластичний тип течії у діапазоні швидкостей зсуву 0–80 с-1. Введення високодисперсного карбону веде до зростання ефективної в’язкості систем і може бути рекомендоване для регулювання плинності КВП. Седиментаційна стійкість в присутності добавок високодисперсного карбону та аміноспиртів зростає з 5–6 до 10–14 діб, тобто практично вдвічі.
ВПЛИВ ФЕРМЕНТНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ТА АКТИВАТОРІВ РОСТУ ДРІЖДЖІВ У ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ СПИРТОВОЇ БРАЖКИ
Authors: Прибильський Віталій Л. , Куц Анатолій М. , Боярчук Ярослав А. , Дулька Ольга С. 
Published: July 2024

У статті наведено характеристику ферментних препаратів та активаторів росту дріжджів, що використовуються у технологіях спиртової галузі харчової промисловості Визначено, що збитки галузі пов’язані із втратою ринків реалізації готової продукції, тіньовими схемами, низьким рівнем впровадження інноваційних технологій та ін. Визначено, що з початком приватизації галузі перед підприємцями постають завдання, які пов’язані із зниженням втрат матеріальних ресурсів та енергетичних витрат. Досліджено вплив зародку кукурудзи, що містить речовини, які перешкоджають гідролізу крохмалю та подальшій ферментації у етиловий спирт та на вихід готової продукції. Обґрунтовано доцільність видалення зародку кукурудзи із вихідного зерна у технології етилового спирту. Доведено перспективність використання сусла підвищеної концентрації із використанням ферментних препаратів та сухих дріжджів для ферментативного гідролізу із зброджуванням сусла різних концентрацій. Встановлено можливість використання сухих дріжджів із вмістом сухих речовин у суслі 24…28 % за температури 30…35 °C. Визначено ефективність виробництва спирту та кормових продуктів із використанням барди. Наведено результати досліджень використання стимуляторів росту дріжджів за високої концентрації сухих речовин сусла. Визначено вплив ферментних препаратів, сухих спиртових дріжджів та активаторів росту із використанням як сировини кукурудзи на технологічні показники. Доведено, що використання запропонованих ферментних препаратів із використанням різних рас дріжджів та активаторів їх росту підвищує рентабельність та вихід спирту, забезпечує ефективне зброджування сусла високих концентрацій.
ПЕРЕРОБКА ЛОМУ W-Ni-Fe З ОТРИМАННЯМ ПОРОШКОВОГО ВОЛЬФРАМУ
Authors: Скнар Юрій Є. , Кожура Олег В. , Скнар Ірина В. , Коток Валерій А. , Бутиріна Тетяна Є. , Кузнецов Микола О. 
Published: July 2024

Робота присвячена актуальній темі переробки лому стратегічного сплаву W-Ni-Fe, який використовується у виробництві бронебійних снарядів. Рециклінгове використання вольфраму та інших компонентів сплаву вирішує проблему дефіциту і дорогоцінності цих металів. У даній роботі досліджено вплив концентрації хлоридної кислоти і гідроген пероксиду, як компонентів розчину вилуговування, на ступінь вилуговування зв’язуючої фази. Встановлено, що збільшення концентрації обох компонентів призводить до збільшення швидкості як процесу вилуговування, так і перебігу побічних процесів, які призводять до нецільової витрати реагентів. Результати проведених експериментальних досліджень свідчать, що найбільш ефективним є використання хлоридної кислоти концентрацією 2 моль/л та гідроген пероксиду концентрацією 2 моль/л. Проблема каталітичного розкладання гідроген пероксиду вирішується за рахунок проведення процесу вилуговування за низької температури (близько –5 °С). Запропоновано нову методику вилуговування сплаву W-Ni-Fe з отриманням високоякісного порошку вольфраму. Інтенсифікація процесу досягається організацією вилуговування в умовах самопомелу з безперервним механічним оновленням поверхні, яка контактує з кислотно-окиснювальним розчином вилуговування.
La noción de la subjetividad en el concepto de la acción social y en el pensamiento narrativo
Authors: Hernández Salamanca Oscar Gilberto 
Published: July 2024

El artículo presenta las raíces de la noción de la subjetividad en el concepto de acción social. Para ello se muestra la relación entre la noción de subjetividad en el trabajo de Weber y de Parsons con los trabajos contemporáneos sobre pensamiento narrativo. Al final se propone al pensamiento narrativo como una recopilación de acciones sociales.
PRINCIPALS’ SERVANT LEADERSHIP PRACTICES AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR IMPROVED SCHOOL PERFORMANCE: FROM SOUTH AFRICAN FAITH-BASED SCHOOLS OF THE CHALLENGING CONTEXT
Authors: Shula Melese , Heystek Jan 
Published: July 2024

There is a rich body of academic research focused on servant leadership practices and school performance in South African public and faith-based schools. However, there is a notable gap in research on how these principals deal with the challenges of accountability for quality academic performance in challenging contexts. Consequently, this article aims to explore principals’ experience of servant leadership and accountability for improved school performance in challenging contexts in faith-based schools and identify mechanisms such schools apply to deal with these challenges. The study applied a qualitative research method with a case study design. The target population comprised six principals who were purposefully and conveniently selected from faith-based schools operating in challenging contexts in three rural provinces of South Africa. The researchers collected data using semi-structured interviews and followed a thematic approach. Key findings of the study indicated that principals of faith-based schools while practicing servant leadership apply the following principles to enhance school performance: Promoting common vision, enhancing collaborative climate through teamwork, inculcating positive relationships among teams, and practicing integrity and credibility as core values. Furthermore, participants further indicated that through the practices of these mechanisms they are able to respond to the call for accountability demands in challenging contexts. The findings further revealed that faith-based school principals of the challenging contexts sometimes find it difficult to keep the momentum due to absenteeism, teachers’ retention, and lack of community involvement.
SOCIAL- EMOTIONAL LEARNING IN THEATER ART CLASSES IN SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: Sunaksle Laura , Pavitola Linda 
Published: July 2024

This article is a theoretical study that explores the concept of social-emotional learning in the context of Theatre Arts lessons in Latvian school education. In the last decades, the belief that it is not enough for the student to acquire factual knowledge only has been strengthened. The concept of social-emotional learning was created 20 years ago and has only now been introduced into Latvian educational guidelines. The study aims to establish a theoretical basis for the possibility of implementing effective social-emotional learning in Theatre Art lessons by developing social-emotional skills in students such as self-regulation, independent thinking, cooperation, and social awareness. The results certify that social-emotional learning fits organically into Theatre Arts and teachers’ awareness of teaching social-emotional skills is of great importance in this process.
EVALUATION OF ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULA) WOOD STRUCTURE INFECTED BY FUNGI (PHELLINUS TREMULAE) AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR WIDER USE OF TIMBER IN STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
Authors: Miklašēvičs Ziedonis , Burnēviča Natālija , Iejavs Jānis , Šķēle Kaspars 
Published: July 2024

The external characteristics of aspen (Populus tremula) tree give the only clue to the quality of logs, packing case timber, pulpwood and other roundwood assortments obtained in harvesting. When the tree is bucked into roundwood assortments, the cross sections at the butt and top ends of these assortments may provide additional indicators of the quality such as heart colouring, wetwood, heartwood hard rot and heartwood soft wood. Thus, it becomes important when correlating the occurrence of these imperfections with the quality of sawn timber that is produced from the aspen logs and packing case timber.; Although aspen has a wide distribution throughout Europe, there are no unified quality requirements for roundwood assortments due to lack of scientifically approved information related to wood structure. To identify the fungi caused aspen decay and describe the main anatomical changes generated by the fungi (Phellinus tremulae) Polymerase Chain Reaction laboratory technique were used in the investigation. The main goal of the study is to work out the aspen roundwood, harvested in final felling sites timber strength parameters depending on timber quality characterized data based on the testing methods: moisture content - according to ISO13061-1:2014; density - according to ISO13061-2:2014; compression strength paralel to the grain- according to ISO 13061-17:2017; modulus of elasticity- according to ISO 13061- 4:2014; three point bending strength - according to ISO 13061- 3:2014.; The results of the study might help for practical applications so that this wood specie can be processed more efficiently for the value - added products and thorough knowledge of decay patterns of Phellinus tremulae are likely to assist to establish more accurate quality requirements for roundwood assortments and provide useful information for optimizing tree management programs.
REGULATING THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN COURSE
Authors: Praneviciene Birutė , Vasiliauskienė Violeta , Baneviciene Anželika 
Published: July 2024

Transportation is a strategic sector of the EU’s economy and directly impacts the daily lives of all EU citizens. This industry is responsible for around 11 million jobs. It is vital for the integration of Europe, as interconnected and sustainable transport networks are necessary to complete and adequately function the European Single Market. Over the last few decades, passenger and freight transport volumes have grown, and they are expected to continue to do so, although at a slower pace. Most passenger and freight transport is through road transport, and this article focuses on regulating road transport and its compatibility with the objectives of the European Green Deal. The European Commission has put forth a set of propositions to align the EU's climate, energy, transport, and taxation policies to achieve a minimum reduction of 55% in net greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to the levels recorded in 1990. One proposition is to reduce road transport pollution by increasing the percentage of electric vehicles operating in the road transport sector. This paper aims to introduce the concept of the electric road vehicle, analyse the objectives of the European Green Deal, and discuss Lithuanian policy actions regarding electric road vehicles and related infrastructure.