bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping SAGE questionnaire to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
Authors: Raggi Alberto , Quintas Rui , Russo Emanuela , Martinuzzi Andrea , Costardi Daniela , Frisoni Giovanni Battista , Franco Maria Grazia , Andreotti Alessandra , Ojala Matti , Peña Sebastián , Perales Jaime , Chatterji Somnath , Miret Marta , Tobiasz‐Adamczyk Beata , Koskinen Seppo , Frattura Lucilla , Leonardi Matilde 
Published: July 2013

The collaborative research on ageing in Europe protocol was based on that of the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) project that investigated the relationship between health and well‐being and provided a set of instruments that can be used across countries to monitor health and health‐related outcomes of older populations as well as the strategies for addressing issues concerning the ageing process. To evaluate the degree to which SAGE protocol covered the spectrum of disability given the scope of the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), a mapping exercise was performed with SAGE protocol. Results show that the SAGE protocol covers ICF domains in a non‐uniform way, with environmental factors categories being underrepresented, whereas mental, cardiovascular, sensory functions and mobility were overrepresented. To overcome this partial coverage of ICF functioning categories, new assessment instruments have been developed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Mapping exercises are valid procedures to understand the extent to which a survey protocol covers the spectrum of functioning.
The mapping exercise with SAGE protocol shows that it provides only a partial representation of body functions and activities and participation domains, and the coverage of environmental factors is poor.
New instruments are therefore needed for researchers to properly understand the health and disability of ageing populations.
Plasma concentrations of organohalogenated pollutants in predatory bird nestlings: Associations to growth rate and dietary tracers
Authors: Bustnes Jan O. , Bårdsen Bård J. , Herzke Dorte , Johnsen Trond V. , Eulaers Igor , Ballesteros Manuel , Hanssen Sveinn A. , Covaci Adrian , Jaspers Veerle L.B. , Eens Marcel , Sonne Christian , Halley Duncan , Moum Truls , Nøst Therese Haugdal , Erikstad Kjell E. , Ims Rolf Anker 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

The extent to which persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with different physicochemical properties originated from the food (dietary input) was assessed in raptor nestlings. Lipophilic polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 153, 1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and protein-bound perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), were measured repeatedly in blood plasma of individual goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings, 1 to 3 wk after hatching and near fledging. Maternally derived POPs dilute as nestlings grow (growth dilution), and increasing plasma concentrations would indicate dietary input. First, plasma concentrations given no dietary input were estimated, and concentrations of p,p'-DDE, HCB, and notably PFOS were significantly higher than predicted from a growth-dilution scenario (approximately 1.5-fold to 2.5-fold higher; p &lt; 0.001). In contrast, PCB 153 declined in both species, although concentrations were still higher than predicted in white-tailed eagle nestlings (p &lt; 0.05). Second, the relationships between plasma POP concentrations and trophic position (δ15N) and dietary carbon source (δ13C) were analyzed, controlling for growth rate. Both δ15N and δ13C (measured in body feathers) were significantly associated to the accumulation of most POPs, except PFOS. In conclusion, pollutant data acquired in plasma of nestling raptors should be interpreted and further investigated in the light of individual feeding ecology, and the use of raptor nestlings as sentinels for POP monitoring could be optimized by correcting for different factors such as body condition, brood size, and age. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2520–2527. © 2013 SETAC
Formulation and nutritional evaluation of weaning food processed from cooking banana, supplemented with cowpea and peanut
Authors: Bassey Francisca I. , Mcwatters Kay H. , Edem Christopher A. , Iwegbue Chukwujindu M. A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe possibility of processing a ready‐to‐eat nutrient‐rich weaning food (WF) for infants within the age group of 0.5–0.9 years from cooking banana fortified with popular and affordable legumes (cowpea and peanut) was investigated with the aid of computer software and available technology in Nigeria. A composite of 47% cowpea, 40% ripe banana, and 13% peanut was processed, analyzed to compare the actual nutrient composition to that predicted by the software and that of two popular commercial WFs produced by Gerber Products Company: rice with banana (RB) and oats with banana (OB). Proximate composition was determined by Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) methods, in vitro digestibility by the pH drop method, and amino acid was determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Essential amino acid values were comparable to the predicted values. Protein and oil contents had values of 16.89% and 8.38%, 6.9% and 1.10%, and 12.03% and 3.16% for WF, RB, and OB, respectively. Octadecenoic (oleic) acid had the highest value of 3.65% followed by octadecadienoic (linoleic) acid with a value of 2.64% amounting to 76.69% of the total fatty acid. Total sugar content of WF was recorded as 15.96 g/100 g, with fructose having the highest value of 8.07 g/100 g, followed by dextrose with a value of 7.66 g/100 g. In vitro‐digestibility was in the order OB>WF>RB. The results show that it is feasible to produce precooked WF which has the potential to meet the nutritional needs of an infant, from local staples using computer‐assisted technique and inexpensive technology available in Nigeria.
Abnormalities of cortical thickness, subcortical shapes, and white matter integrity in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment
Authors: Jin Thong Jamie Yu , Du Jia , Ratnarajah Nagulan , Dong Yanhong , Soon Hock Wei , Saini Monica , Tan Ming Zhen , Tuan Ta Anh , Chen Christopher , Qiu Anqi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSubcortical vascular cognitive impairment (sVCI) is caused by lacunar infarcts or extensive and/or diffuse lesions in the white matter that may disrupt the white matter circuitry connecting cortical and subcortical regions and result in the degeneration of neurons in these regions. This study used structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) techniques to examine cortical thickness, subcortical shapes, and white matter integrity in mild vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND Mild) and moderate‐to‐severe VCI (MSVCI). Our study found that compared to controls (n = 25), VCIND Mild (n = 25), and MSVCI (n = 30) showed thinner cortex predominantly in the frontal cortex. The cortex in MSVCI was thinner in the parietal and lateral temporal cortices than that in VCIND Mild. Moreover, compared to controls, VCIND Mild and MSVCI showed smaller shapes (i.e., volume reduction) in the thalamus, putamen, and globus pallidus and ventricular enlargement. Finally, compared to controls, VCIND Mild, and MSVCI showed an increased mean diffusivity in the white matter, while decreased generalized fractional anisotropy was only found in the MSVCI subjects. The major axonal bundles involved in the white matter abnormalities were mainly toward the frontal regions, including the internal capsule/corona radiata, uncinate fasciculus, and anterior section of the inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, and were anatomically connected to the affected cortical and subcortical structures. Our findings suggest that abnormalities in cortical, subcortical, and white matter morphology in sVCI occur in anatomically connected structures, and that abnormalities progress along a similar trajectory from the mild to moderate and severe conditions. Hum Brain Mapp 35:2320–2332, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gain stabilization in a quantum‐dot semiconductor optical amplifier using tapered waveguide structure
Authors: Mohadesrad Ehsan , Abedi Kambiz 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this paper, transient gain of a quantum‐dot semiconductor optical amplifier (QD‐SOA) is studied. Waveguide of the QD‐SOA is considered to have a tapered structure in which width of the waveguide increases along the QD‐SOA. It is observed that by employing tapered waveguide, gain as the key feature of the device acquires more stability, investigated by studying the impact of a powerful optical pulse on the gain as it passes through the amplifier. Thus, by gradually increasing the width of the waveguide along QD‐SOA active region, drop in the gain, caused by the strong pulse, decreases. Transient gain of the device is obtained for several outputs to input width ratios. It is demonstrated that as the width ratio increases, gain stability improves drastically; as for width ratio of 10, stability increases over 10 times compared with the generic QD‐SOA. In addition to the gain, cross‐gain modulation as a nonlinear process, which depends on the gain instability imposed by strong pulses, is studied. In this paper, the rate equations are employed for modeling tapered waveguide QD‐SOA. MATLAB ODE (MathWorks, MA, USA) along with the finite difference method is used for studying and simulating the device. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly Improved Thermal Properties of Hydroxyl‐Containing Polymers via Modification by Benzoxazine Groups
Authors: Chiou Kevin , Hollanger Erin , Agag Tarek , Ishida Hatsuo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIsocyanate functional benzoxazine (NCO‐4HBA‐a) is used for coupling with hydroxyl‐group‐containing molecules. Glycerol is used in a model reaction to study the urethane bonds formed between the NCO‐4HBA‐a and the glycerol's hydroxyl groups. The model supports a reaction between NCO‐4HBA‐a and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), which leads to an improved char yield, determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Glycerol‐based benzoxazine is also an attractive benzoxazine synthesized from the products of biofuel production. Upon functionalization with benzoxazine and subsequent thermal treatment, the hydroxyl‐containing polymer gains thermal stability shown by improved char yield of polybenzoxazine cross‐linked PVA.magnified image
Urodynamic effects of dutasteride add‐on therapy to alpha‐adrenergic antagonist for patients with benign prostatic enlargement: Prospective pressure‐flow study
Authors: Wada Naoki , Kita Masafumi , Hashizume Kazumi , Matsumoto Seiji , Kakizaki Hidehiro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAimsWe prospectively investigated the effect of dutasteride on clinical and urodynamic parameters in patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE).Materials and MethodsA prospective study was conducted in consecutive 52 patients with BPE who had not been satisfied with alpha‐adrenergic antagonist monotherapy. Inclusion criteria were prostate volume (PV) ≥30 ml and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥8 or QOL index ≥3 under administration of an alpha‐adrenergic antagonist without anticholinergic agent. Before and 24 weeks after dutasteride (0.5 mg daily) add‐on treatment with preceding alpha‐adrenergic antagonist, we assessed IPSS, uroflowmetry (UFM), filling cystometry, and pressure‐flow study (PFS).ResultsDutasteride add‐on treatment significantly improved IPSS (from 18.4 ± 7.5 to 13.8 ± 7.3) and maximum flow rate (from 11.4 ± 5.6 to 13.0 ± 6.8 ml/sec). Maximum cystometric capacity on filling cystometry did not change significantly by dutasteride add‐on treatment (221 ± 97 and 240 ± 104 ml before and after dutasteride add‐on, respectively). All of the 41 patients with detrusor overactivity (DO) before dutasteride add‐on treatment showed apparent reduction in the amplitude of involuntary detrusor contraction after dutasteride add‐on treatment, including seven in whom DO disappeared. Dutasteride significantly reduced PV from 66.4 ± 31.9 to 47.6 ± 26.1 ml. In PFS, detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (PdetQmax) significantly decreased from 71.5 ± 30.1 to 59.1 ± 24.9 cmH2O after dutasteride add‐on treatment. Bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI) also decreased significantly from 55.2 ± 31.9 to 42.3 ± 27.9, and obstruction grade assessed by the Schäfer nomogram significantly improved.ConclusionsDutasteride can improve lower urinary tract symptoms by improving storage bladder function and relieving obstruction. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32:1123–1127, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Excavation and Study of Skeletal Remains from a World War I Mass Grave
Authors: Gaudio D. , Betto A. , Vanin S. , De Guio A. , Galassi A. , Cattaneo C. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis study presents the excavation and multidisciplinary analysis of seven skeletons recovered in a World War I Mass Grave on the mountains of the Veneto Region, Italy. While it is not a rare phenomenon to these mountainous areas involved in the First Conflict, it is exceptional, on these mountains, to find a mass grave with soldiers in primary burials. Stratigraphic excavation was the mean used for recovery, along with 3D laser scanning documentation. Every skeleton but one was found complete and in anatomical connection. Four soldiers lay in the prone position; two subjects were lying on their side. Identification of the nationality was performed for two of the subjects, who both of whom had personal effects such as a badge for military vaccinations and religious medals. What remained of their uniforms gave clues about their Italian nationality. The entomological analysis conducted on fly puparia discovered close to the bones revealed that the bodies had not been buried immediately.The skeletons were biologically profiled by sex, age, height and ancestry. An accurate study of pathology and stress markers was carried on, as well as on skeletal trauma in order to establish the type of trauma and ammunition involved. The remains belonged altogether to seven Italian male soldiers ages between 18 and 35. Various kinds of stress markers revealed occupational (enthesopathies) and metabolic stress: several signs of cribra cranii and of cribra orbitalia were registered. The study of the injuries revealed a surprising variety of types of lesions, mostly lethal: a few subjects were struck by a shrapnel grenade; one soldier was killed by a grenade explosion. Two of the soldiers were probably executed, instead: this conclusion reached on the basis of gunshot holes (9 mm) in their skulls, and by the position of the injuries. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles Depends on Their Uptake by Cells and Thus on Their Surface Chemistry
Authors: Caballero‐Díaz Encarnación , Pfeiffer Christian , Kastl Lena , Rivera‐Gil Pilar , Simonet Bartolome , Valcárcel Miguel , Jiménez‐Lamana Javier , Laborda Francisco , Parak Wolfgang J. 
Published: July 2013

A set of three types of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are prepared, which have the same Ag cores, but different surface chemistry. Ag cores are stabilized with mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) or with a polymer shell [poly(isobutylene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) (PMA)]. In order to reduce cellular uptake, the polymer‐coated Ag NPs are additionally modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Corrosion (oxidation) of the NPs is quantified and their colloidal stability is investigated. MUA‐coated NPs have a much lower colloidal stability than PMA‐coated NPs and are largely agglomerated. All Ag NPs corrode faster in an acidic environment and thus more Ag(I) ions are released inside endosomal/lysosomal compartments. PMA coating does not reduce leaching of Ag(I) ions compared with MUA coating. PEGylation reduces NP cellular uptake and also the toxicity. PMA‐coated NPs have reduced toxicity compared with MUA‐coated NPs. All studied Ag NPs were less toxic than free Ag(I) ions. All in all, the cytotoxicity of Ag NPs is correlated on their uptake by cells and agglomeration behavior.
Potential‐Dependent Surface‐Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy at Nanostructured TiO2: A Case Study on Cytochrome b5
Authors: Han Xiao Xia , Köhler Christopher , Kozuch Jacek , Kuhlmann Uwe , Paasche Lars , Sivanesan Arumugam , Weidinger Inez M. , Hildebrandt Peter 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) electrodes, prepared by anodization of titanium, are employed to probe the electron‐transfer process of cytochrome b5 (cyt b5) by surface‐enhanced resonance Raman (SERR) spectroscopy. Concomitant with the increased nanoscopic surface roughness of TiO2, achieved by raising the anodization voltage from 10 to 20 V, the enhancement factor increases from 2.4 to 8.6, which is rationalized by calculations of the electric field enhancement. Cyt b5 is immobilized on TiO2 under preservation of its native structure but it displays a non‐ideal redox behavior due to the limited conductivity of the electrode material. The electron‐transfer efficiency which depends on the crystalline phase of TiO2 has to be improved by appropriate doping for applications in bioelectrochemistry.
Using case reports to determine when liver bleeding occurs during disease progression in HELLP syndrome
Authors: Darby Marie , Martin James N. , Mitchell Sarah Q. , Owens Michelle Y. , Wallace Kedra 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundHepatic hemorrhage occurs in less than 5% of patients with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome but it is a profound cause of maternal/perinatal morbidity and mortality.ObjectivesTo determine when liver bleeding occurs during the development of HELLP syndrome.Search strategyThe English literature was searched for all reports of HELLP syndrome associated with liver bleeding.Selection criteriaEighty‐seven case summaries of liver bleeding in the setting of HELLP syndrome were included. The standard definition of HELLP syndrome was used with expansion into the Mississippi classification system, supplemented by patients with partial HELLP syndrome.Data collection and analysisDemographic and clinical data were collected and recorded in an Excel database.Main resultsLiver bleeding was detected in 18 (20.7%) patients with class 1 HELLP syndrome, 24 (27.6%) with class 2 HELLP syndrome, and 12 (13.8%) with class 3 or partial HELLP syndrome. In 33 (37.9%) patients, the exact class of HELLP syndrome at the time liver bleeding was detected could not be determined from the published descriptions.ConclusionsLiver bleeding can occur early during HELLP syndrome development, not only in patients with advanced, class 1 illness.
Effectiveness of cryotherapy for histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 1 and 2 in an Indian setting
Authors: Wesley Ramani S. , Muwonge Richard , Sauvaget Catherine , Thara Somanathan , Sankaranarayanan Rengaswamy 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the effectiveness of cryotherapy for treating women who were histologically confirmed to have cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in India.MethodsData were analyzed retrospectively from screening projects that collected data from January 2001 to May 2008 in Trivandrum, India. Women with CIN were appropriately treated with cryotherapy by a trained nurse or physician and followed up for cure, adverse events, and complications. Cure was defined as absence of CIN during any follow‐up visit at least 1 year after treatment.ResultsAmong 236 women identified with CIN and appropriately treated with cryotherapy, 173 (81.6%) were followed up (158 CIN 1 and 15 CIN 2 cases). The percentage cure for CIN 1 and 2 lesions was 93.0% and 86.7% respectively. An odds ratio of 0.2 (95% confidence interval, 0.0–0.9) was observed for treatment received more than 2 months after screening as compared with treatment received within 2 months. Complications were observed in 1.2% of treated women and adverse events (discharge and mild pain) in 26.6%.ConclusionThe study affirms that trained mid‐level providers can appropriately perform cryotherapy in primary healthcare services and that expanding such services in low‐resource settings would increase the availability and accessibility of precancer treatment.
Tame kernels and second regulators of number fields and their subfields
Authors: Browkin Jerzy , Gangl Herbert 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAssuming a version of the Lichtenbaum conjecture, we apply Brauer-Kuroda relations between the Dedekind zeta function of a number field and the zeta function of some of its subfields to prove formulas relating the order of the tame kernel of a number fieldFwith the orders of the tame kernels of some of its subfields. The details are given for fieldsFwhich are Galois over ℚ with Galois group the group ℤ/2 × ℤ/2, the dihedral groupD2p;pan odd prime, or the alternating groupA4. We include numerical results illustrating these formulas.
Priority Primate Areas in Tanzania
Authors: Davenport Tim R.B. , Nowak Katarzyna , Perkin Andrew 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPriority Primate Areas are identified in Tanzania, mainland Africa's most important country for conservation of primates, on the basis of occupancy by globally rare, Red-Listed and range-restricted primate species and subspecies. We provide a comprehensive list and regional assessment of Tanzania's primate taxa, using IUCN Red List criteria, as well as the first national inventory of primates for 62 sites. The Priority Primate Areas, encompassing 102,513 km2, include nine national parks, one conservation area, seven game reserves, six nature reserves, 34 forest reserves and five areas with no official protection status. Primate species were evaluated and ranked on the basis of irreplaceability and vulnerability, using a combination of established and original criteria, resulting in a primate Taxon Conservation Score. Sites were ranked on the basis of summed primate scores. The majority (71%) of Priority Primate Areas are also Important Bird Areas (IBAs), or part of an IBA. Critical subsets of sites were derived through complementarity analyses. Adequate protection of just nine sites, including six national parks (Kilimanjaro, Kitulo, Mahale, Saadani, Udzungwa and Jozani-Chwaka Bay), one nature reserve (Kilombero) and two forest reserves (Minziro and Mgambo), totalling 8,679 km2, would protect all 27 of Tanzania's primate species. The addition of three forest reserves (Rondo, Kilulu Hill and Ngezi) and two game reserves (Grumeti and Biharamulo), results in a list of 14 Priority Primate Areas covering 10,561 km2 (1.1% of Tanzania's total land area), whose conservation would ensure the protection of all 43 of Tanzania's species and subspecies of primates.