bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of turbulence in the Swedish payment system – is there a way forward?
Authors: Arvidsson Niklas 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to understand turbulence in the field of payments in Europe and which future challenges this bring. The objective is to enable actors – industrial as well as policy-making agencies – to avoid becoming passive and reluctant to take needed steps that may realize a new playing field for payments.Design/methodology/approach– The article uses scenario analysis methodology to propose a way forward if the field of payments is to move away from turbulence and instead embrace renewal. It is based on a literature study, interviews and workshops.Findings– This article discusses and shows how the payment system is in a state of turbulence, which in itself, may become a self-reinforcing negative process. The seemingly rational competitive actions that firms take in this situation may make the situation worse. The article also outlines critical action that must be taken to avoid this negative process.Research limitations/implications– There is a need for research that integrates studies on innovation and renewal in the critical industries – banking, telecom and the system driving industries – to improve our understanding of possible synergies and/or obstacles to integrated, cross-industry innovation efforts. Such insights may also lay the foundation for the creation of a way to overcome turbulence.Practical implications– The article advocates the need that critical actors collaborate to develop a new understanding – or common ground – of a future payment system. This will serve as a tool to identify obstacles and challenges, develop action and formulate agendas for different actors in and around the system. Based on the new common ground, actors are then free to formulate their own strategic agendas in a new competitive landscape in the field of payments.Social implications– If the turbulence is to be avoided, national governments in the euro area and the European Union Commission must work hard to avoid national exemptions and adaptations (often caused by strong lobbying by companies from each country in question). Innovation agencies must work so as to stimulate renewal. Another task could be to educate consumers on the social and economic benefits of moving away from a cash-based payment system.Originality/value– The originality of this paper is to test the idea that turbulence and the consequential inertia in the payment system is a result of the institutional set-up of the industry. In addition, the article uses causal texture theory and scenario analysis to understand turbulence and inertia in the payment system. This has, to my knowledge, not been done before.
Virtuous CSR: an Islamic family business in Malaysia
Authors: Yusof Mohar , Mohd Nor Leilanie , Edward Hoopes James 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to postulate, in addition to “moral” and “strategic” considerations, a third general standard for corporate social responsibility (CSR). That third approach is what moral philosophers call “virtue ethics.”

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper uses a single organization case study of a Malaysian publisher to put forward the practice of virtuous CSR based on Islamic values and principles in a family business.

Findings
– By focussing on creating or maintaining virtuous habits in the family and the firm, the family business has avoided the equally unrealistic notions that CSR must be entirely selfless or entirely strategic to be legitimate. Virtues that foster a successful strategy such as vision and competence can be enhanced rather than hindered by virtues such as integrity and generosity.

Research limitations/implications
– This is a case study of a single family. Nevertheless, this paper has implications for strategy and CSR for non-family business as well because it brings into the discussion virtue ethics which is largely absent from popular ethical discourse in the West, including popular discourse about business ethics and CSR.

Practical implications
– While moral and strategic interests merit consideration, virtue is often the most important concern of all. Virtuous CSR aims to improve or at least preserve the character and the soul of the family and its enterprise.

Originality/value
– This paper shows that in family business moral freedom and CSR do not have to be purchased at the expense of an effective business strategy. Paradoxically, an effective business strategy may be partly non-strategic and partly non-business – i.e. partly focussed on virtue. Further research may show that family business can be a leader in CSR, teaching managerial techniques to non-family business.
Authoring second-generation entrepreneur and family business stories
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the under researched interface between entrepreneur and family business stories and in particular the form and structure of second-generation entrepreneur stories. It illustrates how second-generation entrepreneur stories can be (co)authored to narrate an alternative entrepreneurial identity within a family business setting.Design/methodology/approach– From a desk based review of relevant literature a number of conceptual storyline models are developed and these are used to better understand second-generation entrepreneur/family business stories.Findings– The authorial process allows individual family members the freedom to craft contingent stories which fit their circumstances. The paper also examines the research process of co-authoring research with respondents and how this adds value to the process. The findings are mainly relevant to theory building.Research limitations/implications– There are obvious limitations to the study in that the conceptual model is only compared against one second-generation entrepreneur story and that clearly further research must be conducted to establish the veracity of the storyline models developed.Practical implications– There are some very practical implications in relation to conflict resolution within family businesses in that the storying process allows individuals the freedom to author their own stories and place in family and family business history.Originality/value– This paper highlights the contribution that an understanding of the interface between entrepreneur and family business stories can bring to understanding this complex dynamic.
The life and times of a senior scholar: an interview with Arthur Bedeian
Authors: Moore Karl 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to interview a senior scholar to get his/her perspectives on the field, it’s history and future.

Design/methodology/approach
– A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted.

Research limitations/implications
– It is one person’s personal views, albeit, a person with very considerable success in the field of business studies.

Social implications
– The interview reflects the changes in business schools over the interviewee’s decades of experience.

Originality/value
– The person being interviewed is a unique individual.
Component based life cycle costing in replacement decisions
Authors: Seif Javad , Rabbani Masoud 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to assess life cycle costing (LCC) of the equipment in a more realistic, precise, and applicable manner, and to apply it to a real industrial problem.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on the failure rates of the components of a machine, the LCC is assessed, mathematically modeled, and incorporated to the parallel machine replacement problem with capacity expansion consideration. The problem is modeled as mixed integer programming which intends to minimize the total costs incurred during a planning horizon of several periods for the machines of the same type with different ages. The decision variables are the number of machines to be purchased/salvaged in each period. A genetic algorithm (GA) is developed for solving the problem and its efficiency is verified.

Findings
– In conventional models presented for calculation of LCC, corrective maintenance (CM) costs of the machines are incorporated to the model as a whole which may result in inaccurate calculations. Obtaining this value is also very difficult and it can be different for machines with different ages. By calculating the CM costs of a machine based on the failure rates of its components, the LCC can be properly estimated in a realistic and precise manner. The presented GA is also proven to be efficient for solving problems of almost any size with different number of machines, components, and planning periods.

Practical implications
– The presented model and GA are applied to a real case of a construction company that needs to determine a purchase/salvage schedule for its loaders in the next ten years. Results of the calculated schedule imply that employing new loaders rather than maintaining the aged ones generally results in the minimum LCC.

Originality/value
– This paper presents a novel approach for precise, meaningful, and practical LCC calculation. The mathematical model and its solving method can be utilized by both the manufacturers and buyers of equipment as a tool which determines a parallel machine purchase/salvage schedule for a planning horizon of several periods which incurs minimum overall cost. The presented material can be also applied to other industrial problems and cases.
Optimal lockout/tagout, preventive maintenance, human error and production policies of manufacturing systems with passive redundancy
Authors: Emami-Mehrgani Behnam , Nadeau Sylvie , Kenné Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The analysis of the optimal production and preventive maintenance with lockout/tagout planning problem for a manufacturing system is presented in this paper. The considered manufacturing system consists of two non-identical machines in passive redundancy producing one type of part. These machines are subject to random breakdowns and repairs. The purpose of this paper is to minimize production, inventory, backlog and maintenance costs over an infinite planning horizon; in addition, it aims to verify the influence of human reliability on the inventory levels for illustrating the importance of human error during the maintenance and lockout/tagout activities.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is different compared to other research projects on preventive maintenance and lockout/tagout. The influence of human error on lockout/tagout as well as on preventive maintenance activities are presented in this paper. The preventive maintenance policy depends on the machine age. For the considered manufacturing system the optimality conditions are provided, and numerical methods are used to obtain machine age-dependent optimal control policies (production and preventive maintenance rates with lockout/tagout). Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are presented to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed approach. The system capacity is described by a finite-state Markov chain.

Findings
– The proposed model taking into account the preventive maintenance activities with lockout/tagout and human error jointly, instead of taking into account separately. It verifies the influence of human error during preventive maintenance and lockout/tagout activities on the optimal safety stock levels using an extension of the hedging point structure.

Practical implications
– The model proposed in this paper might be extended to manufacturing systems, but a number of conditions must be met to make effective use of it.

Originality/value
– The originality of this paper is to consider the preventive maintenance activities with lockout/tagout and human error simultaneously. The control policy is obtained in order to find the solution for the considered manufacturing system. This paper also brings a new vision on the importance of human reliability during preventive maintenance and lockout/tagout activities.
Amateurism and professionalism in work and learning
Authors: Edwards Richard 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– This article aims to explore the concept of amateurism as a form of critique and addition to the concepts of professionalism, professional work and education.Design/methodology/approach– This is a theoretically driven article based upon a review of the historical and sociological literature on amateur–professional relations in various work contexts.Findings– While amateurism is usually conceived pejoratively, the notion of doing something “for the love of it”, even if one is not formally qualified, opens up the possibilities for conceiving new forms of work, worker and sets of working relationships based upon different conceptions of expertise. Drawing upon historical and contemporary studies of the contribution of amateurism to professional work, and exploring the role of digital technologies in enabling amateurs to contribute to forms of professional practice, the article explores some of the challenges posed for work and learning, and suggests some lines of research to be explored.Originality/value– There has been little to no consideration of amateurism as a positive contribution to considerations of professional work, nor exploration of the expertise and learning of amateurs.
Disturbing practices: training workers to be lean
Authors: Yasukawa Keiko , Brown Tony , Black Stephen 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibilities for expansive learning during organisational change. It considers the introduction of “lean production” as a disturbance to the existing work practices.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper considers two case studies of “lean production” training with production workers in manufacturing firms. Data for the study consisted of semi-structured interviews, observations of workers during work and training. Engeström’s third-generation cultural historical activity theory was used as the key theoretical tool for analysis.

Findings
– The study found that the introduction of and training for “lean production” did not lead to expansive learning. The training did not afford spaces to address the fundamental contradictions between the “earning a living” and ”productivity” motives of work.

Research limitations/implications
– Further research on the different kinds of “spaces” for learning could lead to greater insights into the affordances of expansive learning in workplaces. In particular, the concept of “third space” is useful in such an endeavour.

Practical implications
– Training designed to increase productivity could integrate more discussions about what workers themselves should expect to gain from increased productivity.

Originality/value
– The paper presents a critical perspective on recent case studies of workplace training at a time when workforce development and “lean production” are uncritically promulgated as beneficial. It highlights the opportunities that exist for critical educators to make interventions in the interests of the workers.
Effects of 3‐methyladenine on isolated left atria subjected to simulated ischaemia–reperfusion
Authors: Hermann Romina , Vélez Débora Elisabet , Rusiecki Tatiana Mariel , Fernández Pazos María de las Mercedes , Mestre Cordero Victoria Evangelina , Marina Prendes María Gabriela , Perazzo Rossini Juan Carlos , Savino Enrique Alberto , Varela Alicia 
Published: October 2014

SummaryAlthough autophagy is a prominent feature of myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion, its functional significance is unclear and controversial. In order to gain a deeper insight into the role of autophagy in myocardial ischaemia‐reperfusion, we explored the effects of the pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA). Isolated rat atria subjected to simulated 75‐min ischaemia/75‐min reperfusion (Is‐Rs) in the presence or absence of 3‐MA were used. The LC3‐II/LC3‐I ratio, an indicator of autophagosome formation, did not increase after ischaemia either in the presence or absence of 3‐MA, but there was significant enhancement during reperfusion, which was prevented by the presence of 3‐MA. The autophagy inhibitor also increased p62 protein, one of the specific substrates degraded through the autophagy‐lysosomal pathway. Electron micrographs showed double membrane autophagosome‐like structures during reperfusion, which were absent in atria subjected to Is‐Rs in the presence of 3‐MA. These findings suggest that this agent inhibited the autophagic flux under the present experimental conditions. Inhibition of autophagy during Is‐Rs was accompanied by a high incidence of tachyarrhythmias during reperfusion, and a decrease in the maximal inotropic response to β‐adrenergic and to calcium stimulation at the end of Is‐Rs. Deterioration of mitochondrial morphology and function, without affecting cell viability, was observed in atria subjected to Is‐Rs in the presence of 3‐MA. The present results suggest an association between the inhibition of autophagy and functional alterations of the cells that have undergone sublethal stress, and have been able to recover in this experimental model of ischaemia–reperfusion.
Should the individual preterm birth risk be incorporated into the embryo transfer policy in in vitro fertilisation? A decision analysis
Authors: Kamphuis EI , van Wely M , Repping S , van der Veen F , de Groot CJM , Hompes P , Mol BWJ , Kazemier BM 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveTo assess by proof of principle whether the individual risk for preterm birth (PTB) should be incorporated into the embryo transfer policy in in vitro fertilisation (IVF).Design and settingA theoretical decision analysis.Methods and main outcome measuresA decision tree was built to compare the consequences of different chances of PTB on the outcome of single embryo transfer (SET) or double embryo transfer (DET) in patients with different prognosis of conception. Based on patient characteristics, three scenarios of prognosis of conception were considered and the consequences of SET and DET were calculated for different chances of PTB in these groups. The primary outcome was the health of the children born. Sensitivity analyses were performed for both prognosis for conception and chances of PTB.ResultsIn women with good fertility prospects, one IVF cycle with DET increases the ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) from 29 to 39% compared with SET, whereas the chances of poor neonatal outcome in these extra pregnancies range from 1.4 to 11% per pregnancy depending on the individual PTB risk. However, for women with poor fertility prospects, DET increases the OPR from 8 to 11% with minimal additional poor neonatal outcome, ranging from 0.3 to 4.0% per pregnancy for women with a low or high PTB risk, respectively. Our findings were robust in multiple sensitivity analyses.ConclusionIn an IVF programme, the optimal embryo transfer strategy is dependent on the singleton and multiple pregnancy chances of a woman, but also on her PTB risk. In women with low PTB risk, DET increases the OPR for a small additional risk of neonatal complications. Our analysis pleads for a tailored management strategy, taking into account the personalised prognosis for (multiple) pregnancy and PTB.
Degenerate slave‐makers, but nevertheless slave‐makers? Host worker relatedness in the ant Myrmoxenus kraussei
Authors: SUEFUJI Masaki , HEINZE Jürgen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSocially parasitic ants of the formicoxenine genus Myrmoxenus exhibit considerable diversity in colony structure and life history. While some species are active slave‐makers with many workers and others are workerless ‘murder‐parasites,’ Myrmoxenus kraussei is considered as a ‘degenerate slave‐maker’ because of its very low worker numbers. Here, we document that Temnothorax recedens host workers in single colonies of M. kraussei from Lago di Garda, Italy, exhibit significantly more genetic diversity than workers in unparasitized colonies. This raises the possibility that, despite its low worker numbers, M. kraussei may actively engage in slave raids in nature.
Acute alcohol use among suicide decedents in 14USstates: impacts of off‐premise and on‐premise alcohol outlet density
Authors: Giesbrecht Norman , Huguet Nathalie , Ogden Lauren , Kaplan Mark S. , McFarland Bentson H. , Caetano Raul , Conner Kenneth R. , Nolte Kurt B. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimsTo estimate the association between per capita alcohol retail outlet density and blood alcohol concentration (BAC) from 51 547 suicide decedents and to analyse the relationship between alcohol outlet density and socio‐demographic characteristics among alcohol‐positive suicide decedents in theUnitedStates by racial/ethnic groups and method of suicide.DesignAnalysis ofUSdata, 2003–11,NationalViolentDeathReportingSystem.SettingSuicide decedents from 14USstates.ParticipantsA total of 51 347 suicide decedents tested for BAC.MeasurementsBAC and levels were derived from coroner/medical examiner reports. Densities of county level on‐premises and off‐premises alcohol retail outlets were calculated using the 2010Census.FindingsMulti‐level logistic regression models suggested that higher off‐premises alcohol outlet densities were associated with greater proportions of alcohol‐related suicides among men—for suicides with alcohol present [BAC>0; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.13]. Interactions between outlet density and decedents' characteristics were also tested. There was an interaction between off‐premises alcohol availability andAmericanIndian/AlaskaNative race (AOR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.10–1.69) such that this subgroup had highestBACpositivity. On‐premises density was also associated withBAC>0 (AOR = 1.07; 95%CI = 1.03–1.11) andBAC≥0.08 (AOR = 1.05; 95%CI = 1.02–1.09) among male decedents.ConclusionsIn theUnited States, the density of both on‐ and off‐premises alcohol outlets in a county is associated positively with alcohol‐related suicide, especially amongAmericanIndians/AlaskaNatives.
“Our Goal Is Not to Punish but to Reconcile”: Mediation in Postgenocide Rwanda
Authors: Doughty Kristin C. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIn this article, I explore what is at stake in embedding mediation efforts in legal forums backed by force across a wide range of disputes in postgenocide Rwanda as well as what is at stake in participants’ contestation over the terms of unity. Considering genocide courts, mediation committees, and a legal aid clinic in one analytic frame underscores continuities in both their top‐down social engineering goals and people's experience of the mediation focus across them. Building on Laura Nader's research to analyze the emphasis on harmony in these forums, I illustrate how mediation served as a technique of governance intended to reshape postgenocide Rwanda into a particular kind of community and how exhortations to unity were linked to broader forms of cultural control. I argue that although law‐based mediation was framed as benign and is often promoted by the transitional justice movement on the basis of local culture, its implementation always involves coercion and accompanying resistance. What emerges, I argue, is not the creation of idealistic state versions of national belonging, nor simply coercive silencing, but, rather, a space in which people contest the terms of community and shape new moral orders.