bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high temperature structural phase transition in crocoite (PbCrO4) at 1068 K: crystal structure refinement at 1073 K and thermal expansion tensor determination at 1000 K
Authors: Knight K. S. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractHigh-resolution, neutron time-of-flight, powder diffraction data have been collected on natural crocoite between 873 and 1073 K. Thermal analysis carried out in the 1920s had suggested that chemically pure PbCrO4 exhibited two structural phase transitions, at 964 K, to the β phase, and at 1056 K, to the γ phase. In this study, no evidence was found for the α-β structural phase transition, however a high-temperature phase transition was found at ∼1068 K from the ambient-temperature monazite structure type to the baryte structure type. The phase transition, close to the temperatures reported for the β to γ phase modifications, is first order and is accompanied by a change in volume of −1.6%. The crystal structure of this phase has been refined using the Rietveld method to agreement factors of Rp = 0.018, Rwp = 0.019, Rp = 0.011. No evidence for premonitory behaviour was found in the temperature dependence of the monoclinic lattice constants rom 873 K to 1063 K and these have been used to determine the thermal expansion tensor of crocoite just below the phase transition. At 1000 K the magnitudes of the tensor coefficients are α11, 2.66(1) × 10−5 K−1; α22, 2.04(1) × 10−5 K−1; α33, 4.67(4) × 10−5 K−1; and α13, −1.80(2) × 10−5 K−1 using the IRE convention for the orientation of the tensor basis. The orientation of the principal axes of the thermal expansion tensor are very close to those reported previously for the temperature range 50–300 K.
The occurrence of Zr-bearing amphiboles and their relationships with the pyroxenes and biotites in the teschenite and nepheline syenites of a differentiated dolerite boss, Islay, NW Scotland
Authors: Preston R. J. , Hole M. J. , Still J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe Cnoc Rhaonastil minor dolerite intrusion on Islay, NW Scotland represents a single body of alkali olivine basalt magma which differentiated in situ, from leucodolerite, through teschenite to minor nepheline syenite. The syenites occur as isolated nests and pegmatitic schlieren within the leucodolerite, and schlieren of gabbroic pegmatite also occur at the margin of the teschenite. The differentiated rocks contain pyroxene, amphibole and biotite of variable compositions which reflect both primary fractionation processes and late-stage deuteric alteration and reaction.Mafic phases within the gabbroic pegmatite, teschenite and syenite are typically rimmed and speckled with biotite, the composition of which is controlled by the local environment of crystallization. The nepheline syenites contain primary ferro-kaersutite which, where in contact with interstitial patches, has been altered to arfvedsonite, which occasionally contains up to 1.2 wt.% ZrO2. The occurrence of Zr-arfvedsonite (and of Zr-aegirine) in interstitial patches suggests that variably trace element-enriched domains existed within the residual melts on very small scales.
Multiple VH genes are used to assemble human antibodies directed toward the A3-C1 domains of factor VIII
Authors: van den Brink Edward N. , Turenhout Ellen A. M. , Bovenschen Niels , Heijnen Bram G. A. D. H. , Mertens Koen , Peters Marjolein , Voorberg Jan 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA well-known complication of factor VIII replacement therapy in patients with hemophilia A is the development of inhibitory antibodies. Several studies have demonstrated the presence of a binding site for factor VIII inhibitors in the A3 domain. Six different human monoclonal single-chain variable domain antibody fragments (scFv) directed toward the A3-C1 domains of factor VIII have been isolated, using phage display technology. Sequence analysis revealed that the VH domains of 2 scFv were encoded by germline gene segments from the VH1 gene family and 4 by germline gene segments belonging to the VH3 gene family. Epitope mapping of the scFv was performed, using a series of hybrid factor VIII/factor V light chain fragments. This analysis revealed that 5 of 6 scFv were directed against a region encompassing amino acid sequence Q1778-D1840 in the A3 domain, a previously identified binding site for factor VIII inhibitors. Only 2 of 5 scFv directed against amino acid sequence Q1778-D1840 inhibited the procoagulant activity of factor VIII. Our results define the properties of human antibodies directed against region Q1778-D1840 in the A3 domain. Binding of one, noninhibitory scFv was independent of the region Q1778-D1840, suggesting the presence of an additional binding site for anti–factor VIII antibodies in the A3-C1 domains of factor VIII.
RNA expression patterns change dramatically in human neutrophils exposed to bacteria
Authors: Subrahmanyam Yerramilli V. B. K. , Yamaga Shigeru , Prashar Yatindra , Lee Helen H. , Hoe Nancy P. , Kluger Yuval , Gerstein Mark , Goguen Jon D. , Newburger Peter E. , Weissman Sherman M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA comprehensive study of changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in human neutrophils following exposure to bacteria is described. Within 2 hours there are dramatic changes in the levels of several hundred mRNAs including those for a variety of cytokines, receptors, apoptosis-regulating products, and membrane trafficking regulators. In addition, there are a large number of up-regulated mRNAs that appear to represent a common core of activation response genes that have been identified as early-response products to a variety of stimuli in a number of other cell types. The activation response of neutrophils to nonpathogenic bacteria is greatly altered by exposure to Yersinia pestis, which may be a major factor contributing to the virulence and rapid progression of plague. Several gene clusters were created based on the patterns of gene induction caused by different bacteria. These clusters were consistent with those found by a principal components analysis. A number of the changes could be interpreted in terms of neutrophil physiology and the known functions of the genes. These findings indicate that active regulation of gene expression plays a major role in the neutrophil contribution to the cellular inflammatory response. Interruption of these changes by pathogens, such as Y pestis, could be responsible, at least in part, for the failure to contain infections by highly virulent organisms.
Distinct behavior of mutant triosephosphate isomerase in hemolysate and in isolated form: molecular basis of enzyme deficiency
Authors: Orosz Ferenc , Oláh Judit , Alvarez Marco , Keserű György M. , Szabó Beáta , Wágner Gábor , Kovári Zoltán , Horányi Margit , Baróti Klára , Martial Joseph A. , Hollán Susan , Ovádi Judit 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn a Hungarian family with severe decrease in triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) activity, 2 germ line–identical but phenotypically differing compound heterozygote brothers inherited 2 independent (Phe240Leu and Glu145stop codon) mutations. The kinetic, thermodynamic, and associative properties of the recombinant human wild-type and Phe240Leu mutant enzymes were compared with those of TPIs in normal and deficient erythrocyte hemolysates. The specific activity of the recombinant mutant enzyme relative to the wild type was much higher (30%) than expected from the activity (3%) measured in hemolysates. Enhanced attachment of mutant TPI to erythrocyte inside-out vesicles and to microtubules of brain cells was found when the binding was measured with TPIs in hemolysate. In contrast, there was no difference between the binding of the recombinant wild-type and Phe240Leu mutant enzymes. These findings suggest that the missense mutation by itself is not enough to explain the low catalytic activity and “stickiness” of mutant TPI observed in hemolysate. The activity of the mutant TPI is further reduced by its attachment to inside-out vesicles or microtubules. Comparative studies of the hemolysate from a British patient with Glu104Asp homozygosity and with the platelet lysates from the Hungarian family suggest that the microcompartmentation of TPI is not unique for the hemolysates from the Hungarian TPI-deficient brothers. The possible role of cellular components, other than the mutant enzymes, in the distinct behavior of TPI in isolated form versus in hemolysates from the compound heterozygotes and the simple heterozygote family members is discussed.
Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of the Management Strategies of Chronic Urticaria
Authors: Nochaiwong Surapon , Chuamanochan Mati , Ruengorn Chidchanok , Awiphan Ratanaporn , Bernstein Jonathan A. , Thavorn Kednapa 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceAlthough treatment for chronic urticaria (CU) has improved over the past decades, evidence regarding costs and net benefits associated with these treatment strategies have yet to be comprehensively characterized and synthesized.ObjectiveTo summarize the cost and cost-effectiveness of CU management strategies.Evidence ReviewAn extensive systematic literature search of 6 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed Cochrane, Scopus, and CINAHL) and gray literature sources, without language restriction, was conducted and updated to March 23, 2024. Articles that performed cost analysis or full economic evaluation among patients with CU were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data, such as annual costs of health care services or incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). All monetary values were converted and inflated to 2023 US dollars. Evidence-based synthesis for health benefit was judged using the Evidence Rating Matrix by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review.FindingsSeventeen unique studies (11 cost analysis studies and 6 full economic evaluations) were included. With the wide variation in health care resources, services that included biologic omalizumab utilization had higher annual health care cost estimations for CU management than services that did not include omalizumab prescription (median [IQR] cost, $6933 [$5988-$8717] vs $5621 [$2488-$8754]). The biologic omalizumab, 300 mg, for H1 antihistamine–refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) (3 studies) was found to have a median (IQR) ICER of $89 005 ($36 058-$145 694) per QALY (evidence rating as incremental or better; moderate certainty with substantial net health benefit). Routine laboratory testing among patients with CSU with otherwise normal histories and physical examination findings (1 study) had ICERs ranging from $1 427 928 to $1 950 524 per QALY (evidence rating as comparable or inferior; moderate certainty that the net health benefit is inferior).Conclusions and RelevanceWith limited evidence of cost-effectiveness, biologic omalizumab, 300 mg, for H1 antihistamine–refractory CSU was found to be cost-effective in US health care services at the willingness to pay threshold of $150 000 per QALY. Meanwhile, routine laboratory testing among patients with CSU without compelling indication was not cost-effective. Future studies in more diverse CU populations and resource settings are needed to fill evidence gaps.
Psychiatric Symptoms, Cognition, and Symptom Severity in Children
Authors: Pines Adam , Tozzi Leonardo , Bertrand Claire , Keller Arielle S. , Zhang Xue , Whitfield-Gabrieli Susan , Hastie Trevor , Larsen Bart , Leikauf John , Williams Leanne M. 
Published: August 2024

ImportanceMental illnesses are a leading cause of disability globally, and functional disability is often in part caused by cognitive impairments across psychiatric disorders. However, studies have consistently reported seemingly opposite findings regarding the association between cognition and psychiatric symptoms.ObjectiveTo determine if the association between general cognition and mental health symptoms diverges at different symptom severities in children.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA total of 5175 children with complete data at 2 time points assessed 2 years apart (aged 9 to 11 years at the first assessment) from the ongoing Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were evaluated for a general cognition factor and mental health symptoms from September 2016 to August 2020 at 21 sites across the US. Polynomial and generalized additive models afforded derivation of continuous associations between cognition and psychiatric symptoms across different ranges of symptom severity. Data were analyzed from December 2022 to April 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAggregate cognitive test scores (general cognition) were primarily evaluated in relation to total and subscale-specific symptoms reported from the Child Behavioral Checklist.ResultsThe sample included 5175 children (2713 male [52.4%] and 2462 female [47.6%]; mean [SD] age, 10.9 [1.18] years). Previously reported mixed findings regarding the association between general cognition and symptoms may consist of several underlying, opposed associations that depend on the class and severity of symptoms. Linear models recovered differing associations between general cognition and mental health symptoms, depending on the range of symptom severities queried. Nonlinear models confirm that internalizing symptoms were significantly positively associated with cognition at low symptom burdens higher cognition = more symptoms) and significantly negatively associated with cognition at high symptom burdens.Conclusions and RelevanceThe association between mental health symptoms and general cognition in this study was nonlinear. Internalizing symptoms were both positively and negatively associated with general cognition at a significant level, depending on the range of symptom severities queried in the analysis sample. These results appear to reconcile mixed findings in prior studies, which implicitly assume that symptom severity tracks linearly with cognitive ability across the entire spectrum of mental health. As the association between cognition and symptoms may be opposite in low vs high symptom severity samples, these results reveal the necessity of clinical enrichment in studies of cognitive impairment.
A Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conductor Interphase Enhances Interfacial Stability for Aluminium‐Metal Anode
Authors: Xie Chen , Wu Feng , Lv Zekai , Zhang Yixin , Mei Yang , Ma Wenwen , Sun Wenbin , Zhou Jiahui , Xie Man 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetallic aluminium (Al) anodes are considered to be a promising alternative for large‐scale energy storage due to their inherent low cost, high safety and ideal weight/volume capacity (2980 mAh g−1/8040 mAh cm−3). However, aluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs) based on room‐temperature ionic liquid electrolytes have encountered challenges in practical applications, such as side reactions and slow sluggish kinetics. The anode/electrolyte interface has attracted considerable attention for addressing the aforementioned challenges. Here, an AlCl3/Sn‐based mixed ionic/electronic conductor interface (MCI) is designed through a facile displacement reaction. The stability of the modified Al metal anode has been significantly enhance by superior charge transfer, excellent corrosion resistance and dense deposition morphology. Consequently, in symmetric cell, the Al@Sn electrode with MCI offers a lifespan for about 700 h (350 cycles) at 0.1 mA cm−2. Moreover, combined with the graphite cathode, the pouch cells based on this novel anode present outstanding cycling performance, demonstrating a maintained capacity of 87.1 mAh g−1 after 450 cycles. This research presents an innovative Al‐metal anode for ionic liquid‐based Al‐ion batteries.
Origins of Giant Anisotropic Phonon Heat Transfer in True‐1D van der Waals Material
Authors: Ma Jing , Chang Zheng , Yang Lin , Xia Yi , Jiang Bo , Zhang Xiaoliang , Tang Dawei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThermal rectification devices, which facilitate preferential heat flow in a singular direction, stands as pivotal tools in the realization of solid‐state thermal circuits. 1D atomic chains, exhibit heightened thermal rectification efficiency owing to their exceptional directional heat conduction properties. These will find widespread utility in many applications, encompassing areas such as cooling, energy harvesting, and thermal isolation systems. However, unlike quasi‐1D materials, the intrinsic anisotropic heat transport in true‐1D atomic chains is yet to be systematically studied. Herein, the origins of the anisotropic heat transfer in three representative 1D structures (TaSe3 and BaTiS3 marked as quasi‐1D, MoI3 labeled as true‐1D) is first investigated by integrating a first‐principles density functional theory‐based framework of two‐channel heat conduction model. In contrast to quasi‐1D, MoI3 exhibits a giant anisotropy of lattice thermal conductivity (κL) in chain‐ and cross chain‐directions with a high ratio up to ≈20, which far exceeds the previous report for HfTe5 and ZrTe5. Such unique heat transfer reveals comprehensively by charge‐sharing and transferred charges, p‐‐d orbital hybridization and Young's modulus changes, induces an exceptionally large anisotropy. This study presents a high‐performance implementation of thermal rectification designed to regulate directional heat current, demonstrating its potential applicability in solid‐state thermal circuits.
A Transparent, Patternable, and Stretchable Conducting Polymer Solid Electrode for Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
Authors: Kim Eunyoung , Lai Jian‐Cheng , Michalek Lukas , Wang Weichen , Xu Chengyi , Lyu Hao , Yu Weilai , Park Hyunchang , Tomo Yoko , Root Samuel E. , Lee Byeongmoon , Park Jaeho , Park Byeonghak , Wei Shiyuan , Zhao Chuanzhen , Bao Zhenan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) offer versatile applications including haptics, soft robotics and smart lenses. However, due to the lack of conductive electrodes with low modulus and high stretchability, their use is limited by nonsolid electrodes, hindering integration with other systems. In this study, transparent and patternable solid electrodes, achieving actuation performance comparable to a commonly used non‐solid counterpart (e.g., carbon grease), with a stretchable and patternable conducting polymer composed of PEDOT:PSS and PEG‐PPG‐PEG diacrylate (P123DA) are reported. Varying the ratio of P123DA to PEDOT:PSS enables optimization of electrical and mechanical properties to achieve compliant solid electrodes in static and dynamic actuation. The ratio of P123DA to PEDOT:PSS is found to impact PEDOT:PSS nanofiber formation and the associated electrical and mechanical properties. Moreover, the resulting P123DA/PEDOT:PSS‐based solid electrode shows excellent optical transmittance exceeding 95%. This work highlights the potential of tuning different solid electrode properties to realize transparent, patternable, and stretchable solid electrodes, enhancing their applicability in diverse fields.
Charge Transfer‐Induced SERS Enhancement of MoS2/Dopants Dependent on their Interaction Difference
Authors: Chen Lei , Merino Juan Pedro , Torrent‐Sucarrat Miquel , Hou Hui‐Lei , Prato Maurizio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenide materials have attracted increasing attention as active surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platforms. In this study, the influence of n‐ and p‐type doping of exfoliated MoS2 (exMoS2) hybrids on the SERS performance is investigated, employing Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a probe molecule. It is demonstrated that n‐doped exMoS2 hybrids (exMoS2 mixed with C60, graphene, and sodium dodecyl sulfate) exhibit enhanced SERS intensities, while p‐doping (exMoS2 mixed with TCNQ) resulted in inhibited SERS enhancement. A key discovery is the linear relationship between Raman enhancement of MoS2/dopant hybrids and the difference in their LUMO energy levels, which dictate the degree and direction of charge transfer. Interestingly, MC60‐4, a C60‐doped hybrid, deviates from the linear relationship, displaying remarkable SERS enhancement owing to its chemical interaction and unique Raman scattering activity. The findings provide critical insights into the SERS enhancement behavior of doped MoS2, facilitating precise tuning of SERS intensities by manipulating the MoS2 doping state.
Magnetically Activated Ingestible Pill with Archimedes Screw for On‐Demand Sampling of Intestinal Microbiome
Authors: Sadeqi Aydin , Del‐Rio‐Ruiz Ruben , Rezaei Nejad Hojatollah , Resnick‐Sousa Jessica , Creasey Hannah , Goss Olivia , Asci Cihan , Widmer Giovanni , Sonkusale Sameer R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTechnologies capable of noninvasively sampling different locations in the gut upstream of the colon will enable new insights into the role of organ‐specific microbiomes on human health. Herein, an ingestible pill for the sampling of gut lumen based on one of the earliest hydraulic machines known as an Archimedes screw is reported. The design contains twisted wires as Archimedes screw driven by a motor, wirelessly activated using a magnet. The sampling performance of the screw‐pump pill is characterized using realistic in vitro models and validated in vitro using E. coli expressing different fluorescent proteins. The use of the Archimedes screw enables the pill to sample the dense GI environment. The pill is also tested ex vivo in the pig intestine and in vivo in pigs. Herein, the results show that the bacterial populations recovered from the pill's chamber closely resemble the targeted bacterial population of the microenvironment to which the pill is exposed. Such ingestible devices have the potential to revolutionize the understanding of the spatial diversity of the gut microbiome and its response to medical conditions and treatments.
A Dual‐Mode, Scalable, Machine‐Learning‐Enhanced Wearable Sensing System for Synergetic Muscular Activity Monitoring
Authors: Wang Tiantong , Jiang Dongjie , Lu Yuwen , Xu Nuo , Wang Zilu , Zheng Enhao , Wang Rongli , Zhao Yunbiao , Wang Qining 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSimultaneously detecting muscular deformation and biopotential signals provides comprehensive insights of the muscle activity. However, the substantial size and weight of detecting equipment result in reduced wearer benefits and comfort. It remains a challenge to establish a flexible and lightweight wearable system for mapping muscular morphological parameters while collecting biopotentials. Herein, a fully integrated dual‐mode wearable system for monitoring lower‐extremity muscular activity is introduced. The system utilizes an iontronic pressure sensing matrix (16 channels) for precise mapping of force myography (FMG) within a single muscle, while simultaneously capturing the muscular electrophysiological signals using a self‐customized electromyography (EMG) sensing module. Experimental results show that the bimodal sensing system is capable of capturing complementary and comprehensive aspects of muscular activity, which reflect activation and architectural changes of the muscle. By leveraging machine learning techniques, the integrated system significantly (p < 0.05) enhances the average gait phase recognition accuracy to 96.35%, and reduces the average ankle joint angle estimation error to 1.44°. This work establishes a foundation for lightweight and bimodal muscular sensing front‐ends, which is promising in applications of human–machine interfaces and wearable robotics.