bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Australian farmers deal with risk
Authors: Khuu Amy , Juerg Weber Ernst 
Published: July 2013

PurposeIn Australia broadacre crops can be insured against hail and fire damage and some other perils but not against losses caused by drought, flood or frost. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the private provision of crop insurance in Western Australia.Design/methodology/approachA farm survey was conducted with the cooperation of dryland farmers belonging to Western Australian grower groups. The willingness to pay for hail insurance is modelled as a function of risk aversion, risk of crop failure and government assistance; and the effect of expected crop yield in t/ha on the crop area is investigated.FindingsThe empirical analysis shows that the coefficient of relative risk aversion is 2.7. An increase in the variability of crop yield by 20 per cent, which may be caused by future climate change, would raise the willingness to pay for crop insurance one‐to‐one by 20 per cent. Adverse selection plays a minor role because almost all farmers buy full coverage for hail insurance and associated risks. A future supplier of multi‐peril crop insurance must, however, consider the potential for ex ante moral hazard because the size of the crop area depends on the expected crop yield in t/ha.Social implicationsThe Global Financial Crisis has provided a stark reminder that society crucially depends on the efficient and fair allocation of risk. Climate change threatens the livelihood of farmers and food security. Private multi‐peril crop insurance, which has yet to emerge, would improve the welfare of rural populations and the efficiency of farming.Originality/valueFew empirical studies deal with the private provision of multi‐peril crop insurance because the market for multi‐peril crop insurance fails worldwide and private insurance does not exist. In this study, Australian crop insurance serves as a proxy to gain an understanding of multi‐peril crop insurance.
Evaluating grain producers' production financing alternatives: evidence from South Africa
Authors: Levina Middelberg Susanna 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify, present and compare agricultural production financing alternatives available to grain producers in South Africa. From the South African perspective, agricultural land cannot always be utilised as collateral and therefore alternative financing has developed.Design/methodology/approachThe study makes use of an exploratory study by applying qualitative techniques. The research population was agricultural finance providers in South Africa and semi‐structured interviews were conducted with representatives of the sample.FindingsThe production financing alternatives identified and presented include: grain contract financing; grain contract financing with additional collateral; and corporate farming. A comparison of these alternatives indicates that although the traditional balance sheet financing is a cheaper form of financing, using agricultural land as collateral has a number of limitations, especially within the South African context.Practical implicationsUsing agricultural land as collateral to obtain production financing is not always viable considering the present South African agricultural environment. Commercial grain producers should therefore consider the identified alternative production financing.Originality/valueLimited research on agricultural production finance from the South African perspective has been performed. Furthermore, no previous research on identifying production financing alternatives without utilising agricultural land as collateral has been performed. This paper therefore provides new knowledge by combining South African practice with theory.
An examination of the relationship of IT control weakness to company financial performance and health
Authors: Kuhn John R. , Ahuja Manju , Mueller John 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of weaknesses in IT‐related internal controls to companies' overall financial performance and health.Design/methodology/approachThe study examines four accounting measures: liquidity, solvency, profitability, and market value. During the four‐year period of 2004‐2007, the authors identified companies that reported at least one material IT weakness and matched them with a similar set of companies with no reported material weaknesses. Additionally, for a subset of the companies in which a good match could be identified, a second data set was developed for comparison of companies reporting only material non‐IT weaknesses.FindingsAs expected, companies reporting IT weaknesses experienced less of an ability to pay short‐term and long‐term debts, earned lower profits, and possessed lower market value than companies with no weaknesses. Companies reporting IT weaknesses experienced worse financial performance and health than companies with non‐IT weaknesses.Research limitations/implicationsAt the time of this study, most foreign registrants listed on US stock exchanges had not completed and filed their initial SOX 404 assessment with the SEC. Furthermore, small public companies (i.e. under a $75 million market capitalization) were not required to comply with 404 reporting requirements at the time of this study. In addition, Compustat provides information only on publicly traded companies.Originality/valueThe current study builds on IT governance research in two key ways. First, academia and industry must move past the discussion of IT governance design to examine the performance of IT governance efforts (i.e. effectiveness of controls audited by an independent third party) in relation to key financial performance and health indicators. Second, this study uses more objective measures of IT governance than were available in the past (i.e. the internal control and financial data reported in companies' audited financial statements). The results provide insight into the relationship of IT governance to overall financial well‐being.
“Women doing their own thing”: media representations of female entrepreneurship
Authors: Ruth Eikhof Doris , Summers Juliette , Carter Sara 
Published: July 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact gendered media representations of entrepreneurs may have on the reality of female entrepreneurship. It analyses the representation of women entrepreneurs in a women ' s magazine. Media representations influence, firstly, whether women perceive entrepreneurship as desirable and attainable, and thus impact the strength and direction of their entrepreneurial aspirations. Secondly, media representations shape how key stakeholders such as bankers or clients view and interact with female business owners, thereby impacting women entrepreneurs’ business relations and opportunities.Design/methodology/approach– The paper reviews research on media representations of women entrepreneurs, gender inequalities in entrepreneurial activity and work before presenting an in-depth qualitative analysis of a magazine series reporting on female entrepreneurs.Findings– The authors’ analysis reveals how the woman ' s magazine in question portrays female entrepreneurship as focused on traditionally female activities and pursuits and as domestically-centred. Relating these findings to evidence on gender inequalities in entrepreneurial activity, the paper raises important questions about the impact of media representations of women entrepreneurs.Originality/value– The paper demonstrates the benefits of understanding entrepreneurial activity as work and includes analytical perspectives from the sociology of work in the analysis of media representations of entrepreneurship.
Influences of gendered institutions on women
'
s entry into entrepreneurship
Authors: Pathak Saurav , Goltz Sonia , W. Buche Mari 
Published: July 2013

Purpose
– Research and theory indicate that macro-level variables can influence the effects of individual-level factors on the economic behavior of women; however, this has rarely been examined with regard to women
'
s entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship has thus far been examined from a gender-neutral perspective. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap by deriving predictions using a sociological model of gender stratification and examining the effects of gendered institutions on women
'
s entrepreneurship.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) dataset comprising over 40,000 individuals across 30 countries combined with data from the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI), the authors examined the direct as well as cross-level moderation effects of gendered institutions on the probability of women entering into entrepreneurship.

Findings
– Results indicated that gendered institutions moderate effects of individual variables on the entrepreneurship of women, suggesting that in theory and research, individual factors affecting women
'
s entrepreneurship should be considered within the larger cultural context.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings provide additional evidence for the gender stratification theory of women
'
s economic activity. Future research should examine alternative operationalizations of the variables, as well as effects of additional gendered institutions.

Practical implications
– Results suggest that changes may be needed in entrepreneurship development policies in countries with cultural values creating barriers for women
'
s entrepreneurship.

Originality/value
– This multi-level analysis is derived from a theoretical framework and helps account for the rates of entrepreneurial activity found among women across many countries.
Managing the business of everyday life: the roles of space and place in “mumpreneurship”
Authors: Ekinsmyth Carol 
Published: July 2013

Purpose –The purpose of this paper is to develop gendered entrepreneurship theory through a focus on the roles of space and place in the daily lives and businesses of mothers who have configured business around the daily routines of family work.Design/methodology/approach –Through a consideration of the accounts of 29 “mumpreneurs” and using a framework forwarded by Jarvis to understand the geographically embedded “infrastructure of everyday life”, this paper seeks to understand mumpreneurial decision making, choice and constraint.Findings –Spatial factors, in their myriad forms, run through and affect mothers’ different levels of capability and constraint, and thus the (gender-role and entrepreneurial) “choices” that individuals and families make. Placing families in the realities of specific, material locales helps to embed our understandings of these decision-making processes in real places.Originality/value –This discussion: advances new understanding about how space and place enable or constrain mumpreneurship (in particular) and entrepreneurship (more generally); and provides a lens through which to examine the structure/agency dualism in relation to gendered entrepreneurship.
How satisfied are Portuguese citizens with public hospitals' service?
Authors: Fonseca Jaime R.S. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically test emergency department patients' service quality perceptions by measuring their satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachMixed method research involved collecting, analysing and interpreting qualitative and quantitative data in a single study, thereby providing a bridge between qualitative and quantitative paradigms. The goal was to merge knowledge by using qualitative conclusions to understand quantitative conclusions.FindingsSegment 1 (62 per cent of the patients) represents the unsatisfied group and a segment 2 (39 per cent of the patients) represents the satisfied cohort. Dissatisfied patients classified almost all items as very bad, bad or satisfactory; satisfied patients classified almost all items as very good or good. This study identifies all items that contribute to low patient‐satisfaction.Practical implicationsThe paper's findings are important because administrators and policy makers know that patients constitute two different segments and have different characteristics, which can help administrators and managers to develop new strategies and policies to improve performance.Originality/valueThis mixed‐method research provides valuable information for administrators and managers. The proposed framework can be an excellent way to evaluate patient satisfaction.
VoxGrid: a mobile voice verification system
Authors: Strella P. Indrinal Mariah , Bryan L. Maliwanag Ranyel , Silvestre Marynyriene I. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce VoxGrid, a mobile voice verification system intended for improving the security of the username‐password authentication scheme.Design/methodology/approachThe system incorporates text‐dependant speaker verification via mobile devices that provides for a three‐factor authentication scheme for granting authorised access to certain websites or applications. The same speech recognition engine used by Google Voice Search is utilised to provide voice‐to‐text feature. All verification tasks are performed on a centralised server to minimise computing requirements on mobile platforms where feature extractions is executed using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients. The resulting features are transmitted to the server instead of raw voice data to reduce network load. Actual voice verification takes place in the central server using Vector Quantisation.FindingsThe initial results have indicated that VoxGrid is capable of providing an additional level of security on user authentications at a low cost and without using extra security tokens other than one's voice with a good enough performance given the limited resources available during testing.Originality/valuePast speaker verification experiments have been conducted but we see that this is the first time it is done on mobile devices with a client‐server architecture using K‐Means Clustering and Vector Quantisation. Future improvements on performance and testing could result in a more secure mobile computing environment.
Social against social engineering
Authors: Gulenko Iwan 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis study attempts to develop an efficient concept to mitigate the risks of social engineering in the era of social networks. For instance friend requests on Facebook are often accepted blindly, thus granting unknown people access to profile details. These problems fuel requirements for an application, developed in this study, that raises awareness of security issues in Facebook.Design/methodology/approachThe “Theory of Planned Behaviour” (TPB), a model from psychology to predict behaviour, is used as a theoretical foundation for the application. Attitudes, perceived behavioural control and social norms are the main variables of this model. Social norms can be massively affected by the Facebook friends and therefore an application is developed which uses this in order to raise awareness.FindingsThe application propagated itself virally. Out of 117 users of the application, 15 took action to change the public‐search option visibility from public to private. The use of the application took on average 10.5 minutes.Originality/valueApplications that scan a Facebook profile for fishy content already exist. However, at the time of writing this paper, no application specifically written against social engineering was known to the author.
Resolving vulnerability identification errors using security requirements on business process models
Authors: Taubenberger Stefan , Jürjens Jan , Yu Yijun , Nuseibeh Bashar 
Published: July 2013

PurposeIn any information security risk assessment, vulnerabilities are usually identified by information‐gathering techniques. However, vulnerability identification errors – wrongly identified or unidentified vulnerabilities – can occur as uncertain data are used. Furthermore, businesses' security needs are not considered sufficiently. Hence, security functions may not protect business assets sufficiently and cost‐effectively. This paper aims to resolve vulnerability errors by analysing the security requirements of information assets in business process models.Design/methodology/approachBusiness process models have been selected for use, because there is a close relationship between business process objectives and risks. Security functions are evaluated in terms of the information flow of business processes regarding their security requirements. The claim that vulnerability errors can be resolved was validated by comparing the results of a current risk assessment approach with the proposed approach. The comparison is conducted both at three entities of an insurance company, as well as through a controlled experiment within a survey among security professionals.FindingsVulnerability identification errors can be resolved by explicitly evaluating security requirements in the course of business; this is not considered in current assessment methods.Originality/valueIt is shown that vulnerability identification errors occur in practice. With the explicit evaluation of security requirements, identification errors can be resolved. Risk assessment methods should consider the explicit evaluation of security requirements.
Peaceful societies prohibit violence
Authors: Bonta Bruce D. 
Published: July 2013

PurposePeaceful societies, groups of people described by social scientists as experiencing little if any internal or external violence, embrace the need for peacefulness, in contrast to most of the contemporary world, which accepts violence as normal and inevitable. The purpose of this article is to examine the ways that people in those societies view peacefulness, and to compare those ways with more “normal” violent societies.Design/methodology/approachThe approach taken is a literature review of salient trends about anti‐violence among some of the more highly peaceful societies, and comparable trends in two state‐level societies—Norway, a relatively peaceful state, and the USA, a relatively more violent one.FindingsThe findings show that some of the peaceful societies avoid violence through nonresistance—not resisting aggression. In addition, many base their commitments to peacefulness on religious and mythological beliefs, though for others, peacefulness is based on cultural values or is seen as a practical, reasonable way to order their lives. The societies that appear to have very firm commitments to nonviolence are the ones where structures of peacefulness thrive.Originality/valueThe practical value of this research is that it points out how the peaceful societies can be contrasted with modern nation states, and it may suggest ways to challenge general patterns of violence.
“The ecological fallacy” (Dutton 1994) revised
Authors: Koller Jürgen 
Published: July 2013

PurposeIn 1994, Dutton questioned whether there is an ecological fallacy within the feminist views of wife assault. To address this concern, he examined the literature regarding dyadic family power and violence. The main goal in this paper is to re‐evaluate the results of the Dutton paper on the basis of new literature.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, post‐1994 evidence is presented against the feminist paradigm of patriarchy, which can lead directly to this ecological fallacy. The assertions of this feminist paradigm positing that domestic violence is often linked to patriarchal values and is mainly caused by males, whereas female violence is primarily defensive and reactive, are well‐founded criticized.FindingsThe data analysed in this paper support Dutton's conclusions in the context of female perpetrated violence within heterosexual intimate partnerships, female sexual offense, child abuse and bullying, violence in female same‐sex relationships, and gender stereotypes.Originality/valueAn accurate overview of the post‐1994 literature the topics discussed in this paper is offered.
The additive and interactive roles of aggression, prosocial behavior, and social preference in predicting resource control in young children
Authors: Wettstein Alexander , Brendgen Mara , Vitaro Frank , Guimond Fanny‐Alexandra , Forget‐Dubois Nadine , Cantin Stéphane , Dionne Ginette , Boivin Michel 
Published: July 2013

PurposeDistinguishing between physical and social aggression, this study aimed to examine whether the predictive effect of aggression on resource control is moderated by prosocial behavior and corresponds to a linear or a curvilinear trend. Moderating effects of children's social preference among peers and child sex in this context were also tested.Design/methodology/approachBased on a sample of 682 kindergarten children (348 girls; average age 72.7 months, 3.6 SD), multilevel regressions revealed additive linear effects of social preference and prosociality on resource control.FindingsModerate (but not high) levels of social aggression also facilitated resource control for disliked children. There was no such threshold effect for well‐liked children, who increasingly controlled the resource the more socially aggressive they were. In contrast, physical aggression hampered resource control unless used very modestly.Originality/valueThe present study has a number of positive features. First, the distinction between physical and social aggression improves our understanding of the relation between aggression and social competence and sketches a more differentiated picture of the role of different forms of aggression in resource control. Second, this study combines the concept of resource control with the concept of social preference and investigates curvilinear effects of aggression. Third, the direct observation of resource control in the Movie Viewer increases the internal validity of this study.
A Petri net model of process platform‐based production configuration
Authors: Zhang Linda L. , Rodrigues Brian 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold. In view of the importance of process platform‐based production configuration (PPbPC) in sustaining product family production efficiency, it is to study the underlying logic for configuring production processes for a product family based on a process platform. Second, it is to apply the Petri nets (PNs) techniques to model PPbPC, in attempting to shed light on the underlying logic.Design/methodology/approachThe authors first identify the fundamental issues in PPbPC, including variety handling, process variation accommodation, configuration at different abstraction levels, and constraint satisfaction. To accommodate the corresponding modelling difficulties, the authors develop a formalism of hierarchical colored timed PNs (HCTPNs) based on the principles of hierarchical PNs, timed PNs, and colored PNs. In the formalism, three types of nets together with a system of HCTPNs are defined to address the modelling of PPbPC.FindingsApplying HCTPNs to vibration motors' case has revealed the logic of specifying complete production processes of final products at different levels of abstraction to achieve production configuration. The preliminary results also further demonstrate the feasibility of modelling PPbPC based on HCTPNs.Research limitations/implicationsTraditional approaches to planning production processes for individual products may limit production performance improvement when companies need to timely produce a high variety of customized products. Systematic methods should be developed to plan production processes for product families so as to achieve production efficiency while utilizing the existing manufacturing resources.Originality/valueBy integrating the advantages of existing PN techniques, the HCTPNs formalism is developed to shed light on planning production processes for product families. The resulting production configuration model can facilitate practitioners to achieve production efficiency in producing large numbers of customized products.