bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of oral biomarkers during early healing at augmented dental implant sites
Authors: Tavelli Lorenzo , Barootchi Shayan , Rodriguez Maria Vera , Sugai Jim , Wu David T. , Yu Ning , Giannobile William V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to assess early wound healing expression of local angiogenic biomarkers following connective tissue graft (CTG) at dental implant sites.MethodsTwenty‐eight subjects with single dental implants exhibiting a soft tissue dehiscence were included and randomly treated with CTG, either with coronally advanced flap (CAF) or with tunnel technique (TUN). Peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF) was collected at the midfacial and midlingual aspect of the implant sites at baseline and at 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after the surgical intervention. The expression of angiogenin (ANG), fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2), platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐2 (TIMP‐2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was investigated over a period of 3 months. Patient‐reported outcomes, clinical measurements, and ultrasonography scans at multiple time points were also evaluated.ResultsThe longitudinal regression revealed a significant difference in the expression of VEGF and TIMP‐2 between CAF‐ and TUN‐treated sites over 3 months (p = .033 and p = .004, respectively), whereas no significant differences were observed for ANG, FGF‐2 and PDGF between the two groups. At 7 days, a direct correlation was observed between ANG levels and ultrasonographic color velocity in the CAF group (p < .001) and between ANG levels and ultrasonographic color power in the TUN group (p = .028). VEGF levels and ultrasonographic mean perfused area of the CTG were significantly correlated at the 7‐day time point (p < .001 for both CAF and TUN). The expression of VEGF at 7 days was directly associated with mucosal thickness gain at 1 year (p < .001 for both groups). Early TIMP‐2 expression showed an inverse correlation with time to recovery (p = .002). TIMP‐2 levels at 3 months exhibited inverse correlations with mean dehiscence coverage (p = .004) and the rate of complete dehiscence coverage (p = .012).ConclusionPICF biomarkers can be used to monitor early wound healing events following soft tissue grafting at implant sites. VEGF and TIMP‐2 showed correlations with the 1‐year clinical and volumetric outcomes, as well as with post‐operative patient‐reported outcomes and Doppler Ultrasonographic tissue perfusion‐related parameters.
Impact of liminality and rituals on professional identity formation in physician training
Authors: Hong Jian‐Hua , Chu Chun‐Lin , Tsai Daniel Fu‐Chang , Liao En‐Chi , Yeh Huei‐Ming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe transition from medical student to practicing physician affects the complex processes of professional identity formation and professionalism, which have a lasting effect on the physician's career development. This study explored two different transitional processes of medical students in Taiwan, the associated rituals during this transitional period (the ‘liminal phase’) and their effect on the formation of professional identity.MethodUsing snowball sampling, we recruited 13 medical students from two training systems: six from the traditional postgraduate year programme and seven from the accelerated postgraduate year (A‐PGY) programme. Semi‐structured interviews were thematically analysed to identify significant themes that encapsulated trainees' experiences. A consistent and mutually confirmed discussion ensured the identification of robust recurring themes.ResultsA comparative analysis of the two training modalities provided critical insights into the relative impact of the training dynamics. The A‐PGY cohort, subjected to an altered ‘incorporation’ ritual, encountered an influx of unexpected symbolic social power, complicating their transformation within the liminal phase. Without a defined internship like in the PGY system, A‐PGY trainees exhibited confusion and inconsistencies in professional identity formation marked by conflicting internal and external perceptions. This ambiguity affected their clinical training, social integration and overall development of professionalism. The absence of a structured, sequential liminal phase increased conflict and diminished motivation, culminating in an incomplete self‐crafting journey for A‐PGY trainees.ConclusionsThis study highlights the impact of the well‐sequenced implementation of rituals in liminality on professional identity formation. A good transition training programme for medical students should compass sequential rituals in the liminal phase, including clear starting and ending points, supervision by seniors, guided reflection and plenty of opportunities for observation and imitation in context. Optimal training and pivotal elements in a medical training system warrant delicate design and further research when developing and changing the structure of the training programme.
Determining the residual volume in peritoneal dialysis using low molecular weight markers
Authors: Lindholm Elin , Martus Giedre , Öberg Carl M , Bergling Karin 
Published: August 2024

Background Variation in residual volume between peritoneal dialysis dwells creates uncertainty in ultrafiltration determination, dialysis efficiency, and poses a risk of overfill if the residual volume is large. Measuring the dilution of a marker molecule during fluid fill offers a convenient approach, however, estimation accuracy depends on the choice of dilution marker. We here evaluate the feasibility of creatinine and urea as dilution markers compared to albumin-based residual volumes and three-pore model estimations. Method This clinical, retrospective analysis comprises 56 residual volume estimations from 20 individuals, based on the dilution of pre-fill dialysate creatinine, urea and albumin concentrations during the dialysis fluid fill phase. Outcomes were compared individually. Bias induced by ultrafiltration, marker molecule mass-transfer and influence of fluid glucose contents was quantified using the three-pore model. Linear regression established conversion factors enabling conversion between the various marker molecules. Results Creatinine-based calculations overestimated residual volumes by 115 mL (IQR 89–149) in 1.5% dwells and 252 mL (IQR 179–313) in 4.25% glucose dwells. In hypertonic dwells, ultrafiltration was 52 mL (IQR 38–66), while intraperitoneal creatinine mass increased by 67% during fluid fill, being the leading cause of overestimation. Albumin-based volumes conformed strongly with three-pore model estimates. Correction factors effectively enabled marker molecule interchangeability. Conclusions Mass-transfer of low molecular weight marker molecules is associated with residual volume overestimation. However, by applying correction factors, creatinine and urea dilution can still provide reasonable estimates, particularly when the purpose is to exclude the presence of a very large residual volume.
Self-rated health and its bidirectional relationship with burnout, sleep quality and somatic symptoms in a general adult population
Authors: Nordin Maria , Sundström Anna , Hakelind Camilla , Nordin Steven 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate how self-rated health (SRH) reflects ongoing ill-health and how SRH is associated with previous ill-health and/or predicts future ill-health such as burnout, disturbed sleep, and somatic symptoms. The study used two waves from the population-based Västerbotten Environmental and Health Study in which 2 336 adult persons participated by answering a questionnaire at two time points three years apart. Hierarchical and logistic regression analyses were conducted, thus treating all variables both continuously (degree) and categorically (case). The analyses were performed both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The results showed bidirectionality between suboptimal SRH and burnout, disturbed sleep and somatic severity caseness. Moreover, degree of poor SRH was more likely to occur simultaneously to high degrees of burnout and somatic severity than to degree of poor sleep quality. Also, caseness of burnout, disturbed sleep and somatic severity increased the risk of simultaneous suboptimal SRH. Finally, the results showed that degree of burnout three years earlier, predicted degree of poor SRH, and that degree of poor SRH predicted degree of sleep three years later. In conclusion, in a population-based, normal adult sample there is a bidirectional relationship between suboptimal SRH and caseness of burnout, disturbed sleep quality and somatic symptoms, but not between degree of these symptoms. The results can have implications for health care meeting patients complaining about poor general health.
Best timing of bilateral total hip arthroplasty – an analysis of revision and mortality rates from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD)
Authors: Postler Anne , Krull Paula , Günther Klaus-Peter , Lützner Jörg , Melsheimer Oliver , Steinbrück Arnd , Goronzy Jens 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in multiple joints is high and for patients with bilateral OA of the hip there is no clear recommendation about the indication for simultaneous (one-stage) bilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) versus two-staged procedures. The purpose of this study was therefore to compare revision and mortality rates after different strategies of surgical timing in bilateral hip OA from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD).

Methods
Since 2012 22,500 patients with bilateral THA (including 767 patients with one-staged bilateral surgery and 11,796 patients with another separate procedures within one year after first THA) are documented in the registry. The patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral THA were matched with a cohort of 767 patients who underwent the second THA between 1 and 90 days postoperatively (short interval) and another cohort of 4,602 patients with THA between 91 and 365 days postoperatively (intermediate interval). Revision for all reasons and mortality rates were recorded. Cox regression was performed to evaluate the influence of different patient characteristics.

Results
The cumulative 5-year revision rate for patients with simultaneous bilateral THA was 1.8% (95% CI 0.9–2.6), for patients with two-staged THA 2.3% (95% CI 1.0-3.6) in the short interval and 2.5% (95% CI 2.1–2.9) in the intermediate interval, respectively. In all three groups, patients who underwent THA in a high-volume center (≥ 500 THA per year) had a significant lower risk for revision (HR 0.687; 95% CI 0.501–0.942) compared to surgeries in a low-volume center (< 250 THA per year). There was no significant difference regarding cumulative mortality rates in the three cohorts. Higher age (HR 1.060; 95% CI 1.042–1.078) and severe comorbidities as reflected in the Elixhauser Score (HR 1.046; 95% CI 1.014–1.079) were associated with higher mortality rates after simultaneous THA.

Conclusion
Simultaneous bilateral THA seems to be a safe procedure for younger patients with limited comorbidities who have bilateral end-stage hip OA, especially if performed in high-volume centers.

Level of evidence
III.
Impact of dental caries and Self-perceived oral health on daily lives of children and mothers in rural Egypt: a household survey
Authors: Aly Nourhan M. , Ihab Merna , Ammar Nour , Quritum Maryam , Moussa Hana , El Tantawi Maha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The present study assessed the impact of oral health on the daily lives of children and mothers living in a rural area in Northwestern Egypt.

Methods
A cross-sectional household survey including children between 6 and 12 years old and their mothers was conducted in rural Egypt, 2019–2020. Data were collected using clinical examination and interview-based questionnaires of children and mothers. Three binary logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the dependent variables (oral health impact (yes, no) on avoiding smiling, chewing problems, and missing school (children) and avoiding social events (mothers)), and the explanatory variables: oral health (clinically-assessed caries experience and self-reported oral health) controlling for sociodemographic profile (child age and sex, mother’s education), daily toothbrushing and village of residence.

Results
A total of 211 households with 355 children and 211 mothers were included (91.5% response rate). About 54% of the children were girls, mean (SD) age = 8.7 (2.05) years and 82.3% did not brush their teeth daily. Mother’s mean (SD) age was 31.70 (5.45) years. Because of dental problems, 31.3% of children reported chewing difficulties, 31% avoided smiling compared to 76.3% and 43.6% of mothers. Also, 30.4% of children missed school and 76.8% of mothers reported reduced participation in social activities. In children, the number of decayed anterior teeth was associated with significantly higher odds of avoiding smiling (AOR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.44). In mothers, a greater number of posterior missing teeth was associated with significantly higher odds of chewing difficulties (AOR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.45), and a greater number of all missing teeth was associated with significantly higher odds of reduced participation in social events (AOR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.30, 1.57). Good/ very good reported oral health in children and mothers was associated with lower odds of avoiding smiling and chewing problems (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Decayed anterior teeth in children have a negative impact on smiling whereas missing teeth in mothers affect the ability to chew food and socialize. The psychological, functional, and social impacts of caries in this rural setting needs to be mitigated by improving oral health literacy and access to care.
Bone lid technique versus standard technique for treatment of mandibular lesions
Authors: Sheta Mona S. , Ghouraba Rehab F. , Ibrahim Marwa T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Jaw lesions are frequent in the oral and maxillofacial areas. Different methods for enucleating jaw lesions in the oral and maxillofacial sites have been proposed, including the bone lid technique.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic results of the bone lid technique employing a piezoelectric surgery to the traditional technique in individuals with mandibular lesions.

Materials and methods
A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 24 patients with mandibular lesions. They were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 12 for each group). Group I: the mandibular lesion was excised with bone lid technique using a piezoelectric device, followed by the fixation of the bony window after its repositioning. Group II: the lesion was excised with the traditional method using rotatory burs. Pain, soft tissue healing, bone exposure, bone lid integration, and the volume of the residual bone defect were all assessed clinically and radiographically after one week, one month, and six months.

Results
All patients in both groups showed adequate soft tissue healing except for one case in group I experienced wound dehiscence and bone lid exposure. The bone lid group reported significantly less pain than the usual approach at the 3rd and 7th days. After six months, the volume of bone defect filling was considerably higher in the bone lid group compared to the conventional group.

Conclusion
The bone lid technique was an effective procedure in the management of mandibular lesions compared to the standard method. Besides, this technique provides better bone healing and reduces bone loss.

Trial registration
This clinical trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov on 14/8/2023 and had registration number NCT05987930.
An observational analysis of the impact of indoor residual spraying in two distinct contexts of Burkina Faso
Authors: Hilton Emily R. , Tougri Gauthier , Camara Tiécoura , Pagabelem Ardjouma , Ouedraogo Jean Baptiste , Millar Justin , Jacob Djenam , Kone Adama , Diouf Mame , Belemvire Allison , Burnett Sarah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is a cornerstone malaria control intervention in Burkina Faso. From 2018 to 2021, non-pyrethroid IRS was implemented annually in two regions of Burkina Faso with distinct malaria transmission patterns, concurrently with annual seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), and a mass insecticide-treated net (ITN) distribution in 2019.

Methods
A retrospective quasi-experimental approach was used to evaluate the impact of the 2018, 2020, and 2021 IRS campaigns on routinely reported confirmed malaria case incidence at health facilities. The 2019 campaign was excluded due to lack of data reporting during a health sector strike. Controlled interrupted time series models were fit to detect changes in level and trend in malaria case incidence rates following each IRS campaign when compared to the baseline period 24-months before IRS. IRS districts Solenzo (Sudano-Sahelien climate), and Kampti (tropical climate) were compared with neighbouring control districts and the analyses were stratified by region. Modelled health facility catchment population estimates based on travel time to health facilities and weighted by non-malaria outpatient visits were used as an offset. The study period encompassed July 2016 through June 2022, excluding July 2018 to June 2019.

Results
District-level population and structure coverage achieved by IRS campaigns was greater than 85% in 2018, 2020, and 2021 in Solenzo and Kampti. In Solenzo a significant difference in malaria case incidence rates was detected after the 2018 campaign (IRR = 0.683; 95% CI 0.564–0.827) when compared to the control district. The effect was not detected following the 2020 or 2021 IRS campaigns. In Kampti, estimated malaria incidence rates were between 36 and 38% lower than in the control district following all three IRS campaigns compared to the baseline period.

Conclusions
Implementation of IRS in Kampti, a tropical region of Burkina Faso, appeared to have a consistent significant beneficial impact on malaria case rates. An initial positive impact in Solenzo after the first IRS campaign was not sustained in the successive evaluated IRS campaigns. This study points to a differential effect of IRS in different malaria transmission settings and in combination with ITN and SMC implementation.
Oxidative stress biomarkers in pregnancy: a systematic review
Authors: Ibrahim Abubakar , Khoo Martina Irwan , Ismail Engku Husna Engku , Hussain Nik Hazlina Nik , Zin Anani Aila Mat , Noordin Liza , Abdullah Sarimah , Mahdy Zaleha Abdullah , Lah Nik Ahmad Zuky Nik 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
This systematic review explores the level of oxidative stress (OS) markers during pregnancy and their correlation with complications. Unlike previous studies, it refrains from directly investigating the role of OS but instead synthesises data on the levels of these markers and their implications for various pregnancy-related complications such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restrictions, preterm premature rupture of membranes, preterm labour, gestational diabetes mellitus and miscarriages.

Method

Study Design
Utilizing a systematic review approach, we conducted a comprehensive search across databases, including MEDLINE, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. Our search encompassed all publication years in English.

Results
After evaluating 54,173 records, 45 studies with a low risk of bias were selected for inclusion. This systematic review has underscored the importance of these markers in both physiological and pathological pregnancy states such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restrictions, preterm premature rupture of membranes, preterm labour, gestational diabetes mellitus and miscarriages.

Conclusion
This systematic review provides valuable insights into the role of OS in pregnancy and their connection to complications. These selected studies delved deeply into OS markers during pregnancy and their implications for associated complications. The comprehensive findings highlighted the significance of OS markers in both normal and pathological pregnancy conditions, paving the way for further research in this field.
Interacting and joint effects of triglyceride-glucose index and blood pressure on cardiovascular diseases risk: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Cui Haozhe , Liu Qian , Zhao Zhiming , Ma Xiangming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aims
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and hypertension (HTN) are established risk factors of CVD. However, there is a dearth of studies investigating the synergistic influence of the elevated TyG index and HTN on CVD risk, as well as any potential interaction between these factors.

Method
For this investigation, we enlisted 88,384 individuals from the Kailuan Study who did not have a history of stroke, myocardial infarction, or cancer at baseline. Incidences of CVD between 2006 and 2021 were confirmed through a thorough review of medical records. Participants were categorized into 6 groups according to BP status(normal/elevated BP, stage 1 and stage 2) or the TyG index(low and elevated group), respectively. The Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the association of BP status and TyG index with incident CVD. The multiplicative and additive interactions were also determined.

Results
Following a mean follow-up period of 13.66 ± 3.24 years, incidents of CVD, MI, and stroke were observed in 8,205, 1,728, and 6,705 individuals, respectively. The BP category and TyG index additively increased the risk of CVD, MI and stroke. There were significant interacting and joint effects of TyG index and BP status on CVD risk. Additionally, stratification analysis further confirmed that the relative contribution of hypertension to the CVD development decreased with deteriorating TyG index and that of TyG index was attenuated with increasing BP status.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that a significant interaction between TyG index and BP status on the risk of CVD.
Hansenula polymorpha methanol metabolism genes enhance recombinant protein production in Komagataella phaffi
Authors: Khalifeh Soltani Maryam , Arjmand Sareh , Ranaei Siadat Seyed Omid , Bagheri Abdolreza , Marashi Seyed Hassan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecombinant protein production in Komagataella phaffi (K. phaffi), a widely utilized host organism, can be optimized by enhancing the metabolic flux in the central carbon metabolism pathways. The methanol utilization pathway (MUT) during methanol-based growth plays a crucial role in providing precursors and energy for cell growth and development. This study investigated the impact of boosting the methanol dissimilation pathway, a branch of MUT that plays a vital role in detoxifying formaldehyde and providing energy in the form of NADH, in K. phaffi. This was achieved by integrating two orthologous genes from Hansenula polymorpha into the K. phaffi genome: formaldehyde dehydrogenase (HpFLD) and formate dehydrogenase (HpFMDH). The HpFLD and HpFMDH genes were isolated from the Hansenula polymorpha genome and inserted under the regulation of the pAOX1 promoter in the genome of recombinant K. phaffi that already contained a single copy of model protein genes (eGFP or EGII). The expression levels of these model proteins were assessed through protein activity assays and gene expression analysis. The findings revealed that while both orthologous genes positively influenced model protein production, HpFMDH exhibited a more pronounced upregulation in expression compared to HpFLD. Co-expression of both orthologous genes demonstrated synergistic effects, resulting in approximately a twofold increase in the levels of the model proteins detected. This study provides valuable insights into enhancing the production capacity of recombinant proteins in K. phaffi.
Graphical abstract