bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individualized, dynamic, and full-course vancomycin dosing prediction: a study on the customized dose model
Authors: Song Xiangqing , Zeng Meizi , Yang Tao , Han Mi , Yan Shipeng 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe single-point trough-based therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and Bayesian forecasting approaches are still limited in individualized and dynamic vancomycin delivery. Until recently, there has not yet been enough focus on the direct integration of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) and TDM to construct a customized dose model (CDM) for vancomycin to achieve individualized, dynamic, and full-course dose prediction from empirical to follow-up treatment. This study sought to establish CDM for vancomycin, test its performance and superiority in clinical efficacy prediction, formulate a CDM-driven full-course dosage prediction strategy to overcome the above challenge, and predict the empirical vancomycin dosages for six Staphylococci populations and four strains in patients with various creatinine clearance rates (CLcr).MethodsThe PK/PD and concentration models derived from our earlier research were used to establish CDM. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, with the area under ROC curve (AUCR) as the primary endpoint, for 21 retrospective cases was applied to test the performance and superiority of CDM in clinical efficacy prediction by comparison to the current frequently-used dose model (FDM). A model with an AUCR of at least 0.8 was considered acceptable. Based on the availability of TDM, the strategy of CDM-driven individualized, dynamic, and full-course dose prediction for vancomycin therapy was formulated. Based on the CDM, Monte Carlo simulation was used to predict the empirical vancomycin dosages for the target populations and bacteria.ResultsFour CDMs and the strategy of CDM-driven individualized, dynamic, and full-course dose prediction for vancomycin therapy from empirical to follow-up treatment were constructed. Compared with FDM, CDM showed a greater AUCR value (0.807 vs. 0.688) in clinical efficacy prediction. The empirical vancomycin dosages for six Staphylococci populations and four strains in patients with various CLcr were predicted.ConclusionCDM is a competitive individualized dose model. It compensates for the drawbacks of the existing TDM technology and Bayesian forecasting and offers a straightforward and useful supplemental approach for individualized and dynamic vancomycin delivery. Through mathematical modeling of the vancomycin dosage, this study achieved the goal of predicting doses individually, dynamically, and throughout, thus promoting “mathematical knowledge transfer and application” and also providing reference for quantitative and personalized research on similar drugs.
The spatial pattern of Populus euphratica competition based on competitive exclusion theory
Authors: Liu Yaxuan , Zeng Yong , Wang Peng , He Jia , Li Pingping , Liang Yuejia 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPopulation-level competition and spatial patterns may explain the role of competitive exclusion in communities, which is important for vegetation restoration and biodiversity conservation.MethodsWe analyzed the competitive intensity, spatial patterns, and renewal of Populus euphratica Oliv. forests in the Tarim River Basin using the Hegyi competition index and spatial point pattern analysis in a completely random model with different habitats and different forest ages. ResultsThe greatest competitive distance for P. euphratica was 10 m, and the intensity of competition steadily decreased as the diameter increased. The intensity of intraspecific and interspecific competition in young, mature, and old P. euphratica forests was as follows: riverside habitat &gt; transitional habitat &gt; desert margin habitat. The Simpson index values for the three habitats decreased as follows: transitional &gt; riverside &gt; desert margin, and the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index values decreased as follows: riverside &gt; transitional &gt; desert margin. In the riverside habitat, the young P. euphratica forest experienced the greatest competitive intensity, the mature forest in the transitional habitat was the largest, and the forest in the desert margin habitat was the oldest. Competitive intensity was greatest in the young riverside P. euphratica forest, mature P. euphratica forest in the transitional habitat, and old forest in the desert margin. Riverside P. euphratica experienced strong competition from Populus pruinosa. Competitive exclusion caused P. pruinosa to disappear from the transitional and desert margin habitats. Young, mature, and old P. euphratica forests were randomly distributed along the riverside and in the transitional habitat, while mature and old P. euphratica forests were randomly distributed in the desert margin. Populus pruinosa, Tamarix ramosissima, and Tamarix hispida were mainly randomly distributed, and T. ramosissima and T. hispida were clustered at small scales. In the riverside habitat, young, mature, and old P. euphratica had no spatial correlation, and there was a significant negative correlation at small scales in the transitional habitat. The density of P. euphratica seedlings in the riverside habitat was greater than that in the transitional habitat, and greater competitive pressures on P. euphratica tree seedlings caused a lower renewal density.ConclusionsWhen planting P. euphratica forests, spacing greater than 10 m can effectively reduce stand competition and thus promote seedling regeneration.
Trauma-related symptoms in adolescents: the differential roles of sexual abuse and mentalizing
Authors: Wais Marissa , Bégin Michaël , Sharp Carla , Ensink Karin 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionMajor gaps remain in our knowledge regarding childhood sexual abuse (CSA) related symptoms in adolescent psychiatric inpatients, as well as potential resilience factors like mentalizing. CSA is a risk factor for the early emergence of borderline personality features, posttraumatic stress, and sexual concerns. Mentalizing, which involves the capacity to understand our reactions and that of others in psychological terms, is a resilience factor for self and interpersonal functioning. The aim of this study was to address knowledge gaps by examining the contributions of CSA and mentalizing in a latent factor composed of borderline personality features, posttraumatic stress, and sexual concerns in a sample of adolescent psychiatric inpatients. We hypothesized that CSA and mentalizing would independently explain the variance in this latent factor.MethodParticipants were 273 adolescents aged 12–17 recruited from an adolescent inpatient psychiatric clinic. They completed the Reflective Function Questionnaire for Youth (RFQ-Y), the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC), and the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children (BPFS-C). CSA was assessed using the Child Attachment Interview (CAI), the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (C-DISC), as well as the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).Results27.5% of adolescent psychiatric inpatients reported CSA. CSA and mentalizing were independently associated with a latent factor consisting of posttraumatic stress, borderline personality features, and sexual concerns. CSA explained 5.0% and RF explained 16.7% of the variance of the latent factor. When we consider both the unique and the shared contribution of CSA and mentalizing, the model explained 23.0% of the variance of this factor.DiscussionCSA and mentalizing independently explained variance in a latent factor constituted of borderline personality features, posttraumatic stress, and sexual concerns. The direct effect of mentalizing was stronger and mentalizing explained comparatively more variance of trauma-related symptoms in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. The findings are consistent with the theory that mentalizing is an internal resilience factor in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. By implication, clinical interventions focused on promoting the development of mentalizing, such as Mentalization Based Treatment, may palliate mental health difficulties manifested by adolescent psychiatric inpatients including those associated with CSA.
Study on the additional financial burden of breast cancer disease on cancer patients and their families. Financial toxicity in cancer
Authors: Fernandez-Rodriguez Eduardo J. , Taboada-Taboada Rocio , Garcia-Martin Alberto , Sanchez-Gomez Celia , Saez-Gutierrez Susana , Rihuete-Galve Maria I. , Fonseca-Sánchez Emilio 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionBreast cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide, with 2.3 million new cases reported annually. The condition causes a social and economic impact known as financial toxicity of cancer. The study aims to explore the extra expenses borne by patients and their families on being diagnosed with breast cancer.MethodologyAn observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. The data was collected between November 2021 and March 2022 at the Medical Oncology Service in Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Spain. The variables under investigation were additional economic costs, physical disability (as measured by the Barthel Index), instrumental activities of daily living (as measured by the Lawton-Brody Scale), and caregiver burden (measured using the ZARIT scale).ResultsThe final sample size was N = 107. The study yielded the following outcomes: the median age was 55 years old and the majority of participants were female, with a proportion of 99.1%. The incidence rates for stage I and II were 31.8 and 35.5%, respectively. The median Barthel score was 100 points, while the Lawton and Brody score were 8 points and the ECOG score was 2 points. The analysis of primary caregiver burden resulted in a median ZARIT score of 15 points. The expenses related solely to the cancer diagnosis totaled 1511.22 euros per year (316.82 euros for pharmaceuticals; 487.85 euros for orthopedic equipment; 140.19 euros for home help; and 566.36 euros for housing adaptation or transfer to a hospital). The average annual income before diagnosis was 19962.62 euros. However, after being diagnosed with breast cancer, there is a significant income decrease of 15.91%, resulting in a reduced average annual income of 16785.98 euros. Additionally, a significant correlation was found between total expenditure and the level of dependency (p = 0.032) and functional status (p = 0.045).ConclusionThese findings indicate that breast cancer patients experience a considerable economic burden, which worsens as their functional status deteriorates. Therefore, we believe policies should be implemented to help control this economic deterioration resulting from a serious health condition.
Estimation of lifetime costs for patients receiving a transplant: the case of liver transplantation related to hepatitis B in Italy
Authors: Marzano Alfredo , Canali Beatrice , De Carlis Luciano , De Simone Paolo , Fiorentino Francesca , Rendina Maria , Vassallo Chiara , Fagiuoli Stefano 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIn Italy, post-liver transplant (LT) hepatitis B virus (HBV) reinfection prophylaxis is frequently based on a combined regimen of anti-HBV immunoglobulin (HBIG) and oral antivirals. However, little information is available at the national level on the cost of LT and the contribution of HBV prophylaxis. This study aimed to quantify the direct healthcare cost for adult patients undergoing LT for HBV-related disease over a lifetime horizon and from the perspective of a National Healthcare Service.MethodsA pharmaco-economic model was implemented with a 4-tiered approach consisting of 1) preliminary literature research to define the research question; 2) pragmatic literature review to retrieve existing information and inform the model; 3) micro-simulated patient cycles; and 4) validation from a panel of national experts.ResultsThe average lifetime healthcare cost of LT for HBV-related disease was €395,986. The greatest cost drivers were post-transplant end-stage renal failure (31.9% of the total), immunosuppression (20.6%), and acute transplant phase (15.8%). HBV reinfection prophylaxis with HBIG and antivirals accounted for 12.4% and 6.4% of the total cost, respectively; however, lifetime HBIG prophylaxis was only associated with a 6.6% increase (~€422 k). Various sensitivity analyses have shown that discount rates have the greatest impact on total costs.ConclusionThis analysis showed that the burden of LT due to HBV is not only clinical but also economic.
Determinants of pneumococcal vaccination dropout among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia: a secondary analysis from the 2019 mini demographic and health survey
Authors: Assefa Ayenew , Kiros Teklehaimanot , Erkihun Mulat , Abebaw Aynework , Berhan Ayenew , Almaw Andargachew 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundVaccination is a cost-effective public health program that helps reduce significant morbidity and mortality in children under the age of five. Worldwide, the number of vaccine-preventable causes of child death has significantly decreased since the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) was introduced. However, for a variety of reasons, 23 million children did not have adequate access to vaccines in 2020. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the determinants of pneumonia conjugate vaccine (PCV) dropout among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia.MethodsThe study analyzed cross-sectional data obtained from the 2019 mini Ethiopian demographic and health survey. Multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was utilized, and the best fit model was chosen using the Akaike Information Criteria. The study comprised a weighted sample of 989 children aged 12 to 23 months. The study presented the Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) along with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) to identify the significant factors influencing PCV dropout.ResultsThe PCV dropout rate was reported at 20.2% in this study. In the multilevel analysis, possession of a health card (AOR = 0.076, 95% CI: 0.019, 0.04), vaccination for PCV 2 (AOR =0.002, 95% CI: 0.023, 0.263), and region 7 (AOR = 6.98, 95% CI: 10.1, 48.31) were significantly associated with children’s PCV dropout.ConclusionHaving a health card, having received the PCV 2 vaccinations, and region were significant predictors of PCV dropout. Consequently, health education on immunization for all mothers and region-specific, customized public health interventions are needed to reduce the vaccination dropout rate.
Health literacy strengths and needs among migrant communities from Portuguese-speaking African countries in Portugal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Maia Ana Catarina , Marques Maria João , Goes Ana Rita , Gama Ana , Osborne Richard , Dias Sónia 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionHealth literacy among migrants is a matter of public health and social justice. Migrants from diverse backgrounds encounter challenges such as linguistic barriers, cultural disparities, restricted access to health services, and heterogeneous migration statuses. Addressing these challenges requires careful consideration of their unique experiences and needs to promote equitable health outcomes. This can hinder their ability to navigate the healthcare system, understand health information, and engage in health-promoting behaviours. However, there is still a significant gap in our understanding of health literacy within migrant communities. This study has a dual aim: to identify health literacy strengths and needs among migrants from Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP) countries in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and to examine associations between demographic, socioeconomic, migration and health condition characteristics and the health literacy domains.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted. Data were collected from 506 PALOP migrants using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ). We also collected demographic, socioeconomic, migration, and health condition data. We employed multiple linear regression to understand the relationship between the HLQ nine domains and these characteristics.ResultsThe HLQ scores revealed distinct patterns of health literacy between the groups. Health literacy needs were particularly evident in the domains related to feeling understood and supported by healthcare providers and navigating the healthcare system. Conversely, higher scores and potential strengths were observed in actively managing one’s health and understanding enough health information to make informed decisions. However, in these, the average scores suggest that a high proportion of people recognised difficulties. ‘The results also indicated that a higher educational level was associated with increased health literacy. In contrast, low self-perceived health status, living alone, shorter duration of residence in Portugal, and being either undocumented or in the process of obtaining legal status were associated with lower health literacy.ConclusionOur study highlights the importance of migration-related variables and self-reported health status in understanding health literacy among migrant communities. Factors such as length of stay and low self-perceived health status are associated with potentially disadvantageous levels of health literacy, which could exacerbate health inequalities. Assessing these variables is critical to identify gaps in health literacy and develop tailored interventions to reduce health inequalities.
Baseline self-efficacy predicts subsequent engagement behavior in an online physical activity intervention
Authors: Lee Seungmin , Myers Nicholas D. , Bateman André G. , Prilleltensky Isaac , McMahon Adam , Brincks Ahnalee M. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe purported benefits of online physical activity interventions, in terms of reduced costs, high reach, and easy access, may not be fully realized if participants do not engage with the programs. However, there is a lack of research on modifiable predictors (e.g., beliefs) of engagement with online physical activity interventions. The objective of this brief report was to investigate if self-efficacy to engage at baseline predicted subsequent engagement behavior in an online physical activity intervention at post-baseline.MethodsData (N = 331) from the 2018 Fun For Wellness effectiveness trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03194854) were analyzed in this brief report. Multiple logistic regression was fit in Mplus 8 using maximum-likelihood estimation.ResultsThere was evidence that self-efficacy to engage beliefs at baseline positively predicted subsequent engagement behavior in the Fun For Wellness intervention at 30 days post-baseline.ConclusionsSome recommendations to increase self-efficacy to engage in future online physical activity intervention studies were provided consistent with self-efficacy theory.
Evaluating undesired scratching in domestic cats: a multifactorial approach to understand risk factors
Authors: Demirbas Yasemin Salgirli , Pereira Joana Soares , De Jaeger Xavier , Meppiel Laurianne , Endersby Sarah , da Graça Pereira Gonçalo 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDespite being a natural feline behavior, scratching can become undesirable from a human perspective when directed at household items. This complex behavior can stem from various motivations, ranging from individual cat characteristics to environmental factors. This study investigates the factors influencing the increased level of undesirable scratching behavior in domestic cats, considering both cat-related and environmental aspects.MethodsData from 1,211 cats were collected for this study. An online questionnaire comprising three sections was utilized. The first section gathered caregiver demographics, while the subsequent section examined aspects of cats’ daily routines, social interactions, environments, behaviours, and temperaments. The final section assessed the frequency and intensity of undesirable scratching behavior in cats. Scratching behavior was evaluated based on a combined scratching index.ResultsThe study suggests that the presence of a child may be associated with scratching episodes in the home environment. Additionally, factors such as play duration, playfulness, and nocturnal activity were identified as significant contributors to heightened scratching levels (p ≤ 0.05). Aggressiveness and disruptiveness also played significant roles in increased scratching behavior (p ≤ 0.05). The location of scratching posts emerged as a significant factor, with posts placed in areas frequented by the cat being more effective in redirecting scratching behavior (p ≤ 0.05).DiscussionThis study reveals several significant associations between cat characteristics, nocturnal activity and play, as well as the environment. It underscores the multifaceted nature of undesirable scratching behavior and emphasizes the importance of comprehensively understanding both the individual characteristics of the cat and its environment to effectively address this behavior.
Clasificación multitemporal de usos de la tierra utilizando imágenes landsat en la cuenca del Río Quinindé
Authors: Bravo-Ferrín Richard Xavier , Giler-Ormaza Andy Miguel , Mogro Cepeda Yenson Vinicio , Cusme-Intriago Rudys 
Published: July 2024

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo realizar una clasificación multitemporal de usos y cobertura de la tierra utilizando imágenes Landsat para la cuenca del Río Quinindé, dada la importancia de contar con datos actualizados del uso de suelo de una determinada área para la gestión del recurso hídrico. Se utilizaron imágenes satelitales LANDSAT de los años 1998, 2015 y 2019, y se aplicaron los métodos de distancia mínima y el método ISODATA haciendo uso del software QGIS, que involucró el análisis mediante la clasificación supervisada y no supervisada. Los resultados revelan que la cobertura de nubes tiene un 15,66%; por lo tanto, el año 2015 tiene el mayor porcentaje de nubes. Los pixeles “sin información” (leyenda color negro) tienen un promedio 4,29%; el cuerpo de agua tiene un porcentaje de 0,15% y la cobertura de agrícola (tierra cultivada) tiene un valor promedio 25,78%; la cobertura de conservación y protección (bosque húmedo poco alterado) tiene un valor promedio 21,24%; la cobertura de conservación y producción (vegetación herbácea mediamente alterado) tiene un valor promedio de 32,65%; y la zona poblada tiene un valor promedio de 0,23%. En conclusión, las actividades humanas cambian el uso del suelo en la cuenca, pudiendo causar efectos nocivos como un aumento en la erosión del suelo mediante la escorrentía superficial, acarreando finalmente arrastre de sedimentos. Se recomienda desarrollar planes integrales de gestión para la cuenca.
Dieta do jejum intermitente: benefícios e malefícios, uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Costa Júlia Bianchi da , Borges Vinicius Nascimento Aguiar , Souza Caroline da Silva , Oliveira Kássia Luz de , Obrzut Maria Carolina Graeff , Santos Eduardo Gabriel Chaves Melo dos , Silva Ana Paula Ponte Freires e , Chagas Renan de Azevedo Pinto das 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O jejum intermitente não é uma prática nova e tem sido observado ao longo da história em diversas culturas e religiões. Tal prática é uma estratégia alimentar que alterna períodos de alimentação com períodos de jejum, oferecendo potenciais benefícios para a saúde e sendo adotado em diferentes formas ao longo da história. Com diferentes tipos de jejum intermitente disponíveis, é possível encontrar uma abordagem que se adeque ao estilo de vida e às necessidades de cada pessoa. Objetivo: Objetivou-se verificar, na literatura científica, quais os benefícios e malefícios de tal prática. Métodos: Foi feita uma revisão integrativa, usando como critério a busca nas bases de dados científicos SciELO e LILACS, utilizando-se os descritores “Jejum”, “Restrição calórica”, “Jejum intermitente” e “Metabolismo”. Considerações finais: É essencial considerar as orientações médicas antes de iniciar qualquer regime de jejum intermitente para garantir que seja seguro e adequado para cada indivíduo.