bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
21 The distribution of wealth in society
Authors: Richmond Peter , Mimkes Jürgen , Hutzler Stefan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis chapter discusses how income and wealth are distributed in society, discussing factors such as the form of the distribution density function and whether or not it is dependent on time, history, or locations. Vilfredo Pareto noticed that the rich end of the wealth distribution followed a power law, and that this feature seemed to be universal. To Pareto, and to most physicists, the existence of such a power law suggests that some fundamental dynamics is in play. Pareto himself proposed that people, in the course of their life, could move through the distribution in both directions, and this idea that a static distribution does not imply a static society has formed the basis for the recent studies by a number of physicists.
Which factors determine the success of strategic niche developments?
Authors: Mlecnik Erwin 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– The study
'
s purpose is to review and discuss limitations of “strategic niche management” (SNM) success factors in relation to the experiences of an enterprise network to improve niche development for integrated design concepts.

Design/methodology/approach
– The emergence of a successful passive house innovation network in the Flemish Region is described. The innovation journey of the network is related to success factors detected in SNM literature regarding market niche development.

Findings
– The study identifies additional success factors for systemic innovation, such as involving small- and medium-sized innovators and demonstration projects and using a dedicated regional enterprise network.

Research limitations/implications
– The qualitative analysis specifically reflected on SNM success factors such as envisioning, learning, and network composition and formation. The study confirms the importance of these success factors by means of one detailed innovation journey. It identifies additional success factors and discusses opportunities to improve the relation of SNM literature with other seminal fields.

Practical implications
– Government seed money is important in providing a breakthrough in enterprise network initiatives. A focus on architectural innovation instead of technology innovation is to be preferred for stimulating integrated design concepts.

Originality/value
– The paper addresses the relevance and limitations of SNM success factors during the formation of enterprise networks. The study shows how an integrated design approach was used to cluster innovation opportunities and to inspire innovation development and collaboration for know-how development between multiple players.
Infrastructure management transaction formalism protocol specification
Authors: Zeb Jehan , Froese Thomas 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a step-by-step procedure, referred to as transaction formalism protocol (TFP) that the transaction development personnel will use to formalise transactions (communications) in the domain of infrastructure management. The protocol is developed at two levels of abstraction: TFP specification and TFP tool. This paper presents the TFP specification in detail and introduces the TFP tool briefly. The specific focus of this paper is on the development process of the protocol specification.

Design/methodology/approach
– A four-step approach is used to develop the TFP; including, identify and select existing standards, benchmark standards, link and build on these standards, and develop TFP. To develop the protocol, the function modelling standard, integration definition function modelling (IDEF0) is used. The IDEF0 treats each step of the protocol as a function.

Findings
– The TFP specification and TFP tool are developed using the proposed methodology. The TFP specification specifies inputs, controls, mechanisms, tools/techniques, and outputs required in each step, whereas the TFP tool defines forms for each step of the protocol that the transaction development personnel will use to define transactions in the domain of infrastructure management.

Practical implications
– The development of the TFP would enable the transaction development personnel (including transaction analysts, transaction designers, software developers, process modellers, and industry experts) to formalise transactions effectively and efficiently for the development of ICT-based collaboration systems.

Originality/value
– The proposed protocol incorporates shortcomings of existing standards. In contrast to other design standards that focus on either design or design cum implementation of the work processes and communications, the proposed TFP includes transaction monitoring and improvements in addition to the design and implementation of communications. Unlike other standards, the TFP is a detailed step-by-step procedure to ease its usability and understandability.
Investigating sustainable practices in the Malaysian office building developments
Authors: Shari Zalina , Soebarto Veronica 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– Economically, Malaysia has one of the fastest growing construction industries in the world; however, the necessary balance between socio-economic and ecological systems – to avoid further environmental damage – has not yet been reached by the industry. This paper aims to explore the extent of sustainable development practices (socially, environmentally and economically) in the Malaysian construction industry, focusing on the office building sector.

Design/methodology/approach
– Semi-structured in-depth interviews with 30 stakeholders from various backgrounds of the Malaysian construction industry are used to explore their challenges and motivations for pursuing sustainable outcomes.

Findings
– The study finds that economic issues are the first priorities among stakeholders in any decision-makings for building projects and cost becomes one of the major reasons for the slow progress in implementing sustainable practices in building projects. Socially, there is still a wide gap of knowledge and awareness on sustainability issues among stakeholders, explaining the lack of commitment in achieving sustainability.

Research limitations/implications
– The sample size is only adequate to enable internal generalisation; hence, further research is required to test the generalisability of the findings in this research.

Practical implications
– This paper informs the government and regulatory stakeholders, research and education sector, private sector, and clients of the building industry, where the authors currently are and the gaps that the authors have to bridge in order to make sustainability more socially acceptable and integral in the local construction industry.

Originality/value
– There have been very limited studies on exploring the views from various groups of stakeholders regarding all the three components of sustainable development in the Malaysian construction industry.
Order-based manipulation: evidence from Hong Kong stock market
Authors: Chan Chun-Hin , Ka Chun Ma Alfred 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– The paper aims to investigate order-based manipulation that consists of order-placing strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using the bid and ask record provided by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited, a Level II dataset, the paper develops a methodology to obtain cancelled orders during regular trading hours. The paper examines the cancelled orders and potential order-based manipulation activities, as well as the corresponding behavior of different groups of stocks.

Findings
– Empirical results show that the relationship between order cancellation and order-based manipulation is strong and deserves more attention.

Originality/value
– The methodology can also be used by regulators and authorities to monitor suspicious activities in the market. This paper also suggests that analysis on high-frequency data does improve the understanding of trading activities in the stock market.
Financial crime prosecution, legal certainty and exigency of policy: case of Nigeria's EFCC
Authors: Oke Tayo 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– In its fight against money laundering involving politically exposed persons (PEPs), the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has the dual mandate of maintaining equilibrium between two fundamental, but sharply contradictory objectives: establishing guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, and responding to the policy imperative of nipping corruption in the bud through a pro-active involvement in preventative measures. This paper contends that as a result of the tension between these two divergent ends, the agency has found itself the spider in a cobweb of legalism designed by its adversaries to stymie its operations. Furthermore, and as a matter of priority, the paper calls for a major rethink of the appropriateness of criminal jurisdiction in the prosecution of financial crimes in Nigeria and elsewhere in Africa. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Case study and textual analysis of literature.

Findings
– Civil jurisdiction of extracting the proceeds of the criminal activities of PEPs provides a better mode of deterrence than any criminal sanction could hope to achieve.

Originality/value
– Creative in deciphering a major root cause of the ineffectiveness of criminal sanction as an anti-corruption weapon.
A review of guidelines and frameworks on external reporting of intellectual capital
Authors: Asanga Abhayawansa Subhash 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– With a view to enabling organisations provide a clear understanding of firm value creation, several national and supranational institutions have produced guidelines and frameworks for externally reporting intellectual capital (IC). In many cases regulators, the accounting profession and accounting scholars have driven these initiatives. The purpose of this paper is to summarise, analyse and compare the guidelines and frameworks that have been developed with a focus on externally reporting IC.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper analyses the assumptions underpinning 20 guidelines and frameworks that have been developed with a focus on reporting IC using a self-constructed framework.

Findings
– The review resulted in a comparison of IC reporting guidelines and framework based on target audience, role of IC within the organisational strategic management process and reporting IC indicator. It provides an understanding of the state of the art in relation to external reporting of IC.

Practical implications
– The insights provided by the comparison of the guidelines and frameworks are likely to be helpful for practitioners wanting to adopt or develop an IC reporting model for their organisation. Policy-makers will find these insights beneficial when attempting to refine existing frameworks and guidelines for reporting IC and in developing new ones to suit various circumstances. Also, this paper provides a useful review for academics.

Originality/value
– This is the first paper to provide a review of a large number of business reporting guidelines and frameworks with a focus on IC. It is a valuable reference for practitioners, policy-makers and academics on IC reporting models.
Home furnishings consumption choices: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Annette Burnsed Katherine , J. Hodges Nancy 
Published: December 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of consumer perceived value relative to home furnishing case good (i.e. furniture made of wood and not upholstered) consumption choices.Design/methodology/approach– A qualitative approach to data collection and interpretation was used. A semi-structured depth-interview and focus group schedule was created based on an extant review of literature and consisted of open-ended questions about shopping for and purchasing home furnishings case goods.Findings– A thematic interpretation of interviews and focus groups led to the development of emergent themes: the key factors influencing participant's value perceptions were quality, comfort, and price; participants decorated first for themselves; a welcoming, attractive environment for family and friends/guests was important; and desires and wants were more salient than needs. Themes were then categorized according to Sheth, Newman, and Gross' five consumption value dimensions.Research limitations/implications– Limitations of the study include a focus on Southeastern US consumers and a focus on home furnishings case goods.Practical implications– Although the findings of this research are market specific, they have important implications for the home furnishings case goods industry. Overall, this study provides product developers, manufacturers, and marketers with a greater understanding of the home furnishings case goods consumer, which could allow sellers to create lead times and provide consumers with more tailored offerings/selections that would better suit their needs and desires.Originality/value– This paper offers insight into the role of consumer perceived value relative to home furnishing consumption choices to product developers, manufacturers, and marketers.
Expanding Federal Funding to Community Health Centers Slows Decline in Access for Low‐Income Adults
Authors: McMorrow Stacey , Zuckerman Stephen 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo identify the impact of the Health Center Growth Initiative on access to care for low‐income adults.Data SourcesData on federal funding for health centers are from the Bureau of Primary Health Care's Uniform Data System (2000–2007), and individual‐level measures of access and use are derived from the National Health Interview Survey (2001–2008).Study DesignWe estimate person‐level models of access and use as a function of individual‐ and market‐level characteristics. By using market‐level fixed effects, we identify the effects of health center funding on access using changes within markets over time. We explore effects on low‐income adults and further examine how those effects vary by insurance coverage.Data CollectionWe calculate health center funding per poor person in a health care market and attach this information to individual observations on the National Health Interview Survey. Health care markets are defined as hospital referral regions.Principal FindingsLow‐income adults in markets with larger funding increases were more likely to have an office visit and to have a general doctor visit. These results were stronger for uninsured and publicly insured adults.ConclusionsExpansions in federal health center funding had some mitigating effects on the access declines that were generally experienced by low‐income adults over this time period.
Ruins, Romance and the Rise of Gothic Tourism: The Case of Netley Abbey, 1750‐1830
Authors: TOWNSHEND DALE 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis article considers literary and antiquarian responses to the ruins at Netley Abbey, Hampshire, between the years 1750 and 1830. Having situated poetic responses to Netley in relation to William Gilpin's theories of the Picturesque, the article claims that it was at precisely such a site of architectural ruin that the Gothic imagination was articulated. Beyond this, the article demonstrates that the Gothic ruins at Netley Abbey became an important site in the rise of ‘Gothic tourism’, the dark and spectral equivalent to Romanticism's Picturesque tour in the latter half of the eighteenth century.
The Stabilisation of Model Parameter Estimates from Repeated Surveys with Rare Observations
Authors: Welsh A. H. , Hedlin Dan , Šova Markus G. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryIn many surveys, the domains of study are small and the samples that carry information on a domain can be very small indeed. If the survey is conducted repeatedly there is often a high degree of overlap in samples over time. We show how to use the richness of information over time to compensate for the paucity of cross‐sectional information. We propose a model‐based estimator of the population total which makes use of stabilised parameter estimates that combine information from different survey periods that are adjacent in time. The motivating example for this research was the ProdCom survey as implemented in the UK.
Amphioxus tails: source and fate of larval fin rays and the metamorphic transition from an ectodermal to a predominantly mesodermal tail
Authors: Mansfield Jennifer H. , Holland Nicholas D. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIt was previously discovered that tail fin rays of larval amphioxus are long ciliary rootlets in posterior epidermal cells. This work describes the heretofore unknown origin and fate of these organelles in the Florida amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae). In late embryos, epidermal cells at the posterior end of the body increase in height, thus producing a tail fin. One ciliary rootlet in each cell elongates and also rotates through about 90°, soon becoming oriented parallel to the long axis of the cell and running continuously from the apical to the basal plasma membrane. During the subsequent growth of the larval tail, the rootlets and epidermal cells housing them reach lengths up to 120 μm. At metamorphosis, the rootlets become vacuolated and rapidly decrease in length along with the height of the tail epidermis. Contemporaneously, abundant extracellular dermal matrix accumulates in the sagittal plane of the body to produce a predominantly dermal tail fin. Throughout postmetamorphic life, the posterior epidermal cells, now without ciliary rootlets, thinly cover a largely dermal tail flange. Thus, the specialized morphology of the amphioxus tail fin is generated by two different cellular mechanisms, involving different cell populations (ectodermal and mesodermal), at different life‐history stages.
Source localization with MEG data: A beamforming approach based on covariance thresholding
Authors: Zhang Jian , Liu Chao , Green Gary 
Published: December 2013

SummaryReconstructing neural activities using non‐invasive sensor arrays outside the brain is an ill‐posed inverse problem since the observed sensor measurements could result from an infinite number of possible neuronal sources. The sensor covariance‐based beamformer mapping represents a popular and simple solution to the above problem. In this article, we propose a family of beamformers by using covariance thresholding. A general theory is developed on how their spatial and temporal dimensions determine their performance. Conditions are provided for the convergence rate of the associated beamformer estimation. The implications of the theory are illustrated by simulations and a real data analysis.
The reverse modality effect: Examining student learning from interactive computer‐based instruction
Authors: Inan Fethi A. , Crooks Steven M. , Cheon Jongpil , Ari Fatih , Flores Raymond , Kurucay Murat , Paniukov Dmitrii 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the effects of modality on learning from multimedia instruction. This study utilized a factorial between‐subject design to examine the effects of modality on student learning outcomes, study patterns and mental effort. An interactive computer‐presented diagram was developed to teach the places of articulation in human speech. A total of 151 undergraduate students at a large southwestern university in USA participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two modality conditions (ie, written text and spoken text). Data were obtained through surveys, student logs and knowledge tests. Findings revealed a reverse modality effect, wherein participants who studied with written text outperformed those who studied with spoken text.
BRAF‐Mutated Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma is Associated with Temporal Location, Reticulin Fiber Deposition and CD34 Expression
Authors: Koelsche Christian , Sahm Felix , Wöhrer Adelheid , Jeibmann Astrid , Schittenhelm Jens , Kohlhof Patricia , Preusser Matthias , Romeike Bernd , Dohmen‐Scheufler Hildegard , Hartmann Christian , Mittelbronn Michel , Becker Albert , von Deimling Andreas , Capper David 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBRAF V600E mutation and homozygous deletion of CDKN2A (p16) are frequent molecular alterations in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXAs). We investigated 49 PXAs for clinical, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics related to BRAF mutation status. BRAF mutation was detected by immunohistochemical assay and DNA sequencing in 38/49 (78%) tumors. All but one PXA located in the temporal lobe harbored a BRAF V600E mutation (23/24; 96%) compared with 10/19 nontemporal PXAs (53%; P = 0.0009). Histological and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated increased reticulin deposition (76% vs. 27%; P = 0.003) and a more frequent expression of CD34 in BRAF‐mutant PXAs (76% vs. 27%; P = 0.003).We further investigated the utility of combined BRAF V600E (VE1) and p16 analysis by immunohistochemistry to distinguish PXAs from relevant histological mimics like giant‐cell glioblastoma. Among PXAs, 38/49 (78%) were VE1‐positive, and 30/49 (61%) had a loss of p16 expression. The combined features (VE1 positivity/p16 loss) were observed in 25/49 PXAs (51%) but were not observed in giant‐cell glioblastoma (VE1 0/28, p16 loss 14/28). We demonstrate that temporal location, reticulin deposition and CD34 expression are associated with BRAF mutation in PXA. Combined VE1 positivity and p16 loss represents a frequent immunoprofile of PXA and may therefore constitute an additional diagnostic tool for its differential diagnosis.
New insights into pharmacological tools to TR(i)P cancer up
Authors: Gautier M , Dhennin‐Duthille I , Ay A S , Rybarczyk P , Korichneva I , Ouadid‐Ahidouch H 
Published: December 2013

The aim of this review is to address the recent advances regarding the use of pharmacological agents to target transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in cancer and their potential application in therapeutics. Physiologically, TRP channels are responsible for cation entry (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+) in many mammalian cells and regulate a large number of cellular functions. However, dysfunction in channel expression and/or activity can be linked to human diseases like cancer. Indeed, there is growing evidence that TRP channel expression is altered in cancer tissues in comparison with normal ones. Moreover, these proteins are involved in many cancerous processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, as well as resistance to chemotherapy. Among the TRP superfamily, TRPC, TRPV, TRPM and TRPA1 have been shown to play a role in many cancer types, including breast, digestive, gliomal, head and neck, lung and prostate cancers. Pharmacological modulators are used to characterize the functional implications of TRP channels in whole‐cell membrane currents, resting membrane potential regulation and intracellular Ca2+ signalling. Moreover, pharmacological modulation of TRP activity in cancer cells is systematically linked to the effect on cancerous processes (proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs). Here we describe the effects of such TRP modulators on TRP activity and cancer cell phenotype. Furthermore, the potency and specificity of these agents will be discussed, as well as the development of new strategies for targeting TRP channels in cancer.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on the pharmacology of TRP channels. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2014.171.issue‐10