bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isopropyl alcohol as anti-emetic therapy in the emergency department: study protocol for a multi-center randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hamelin Alexandra , Syed Ali Shahbaz , Thiruganasambandamoorthy Venkatesh 
Published: July 2024

Background: Nausea and vomiting is a common and distressing presenting complaint in Emergency Departments (EDs). There is no definite evidence to support the superiority of any anti-emetic therapy over another, or over placebo. Identification of an effective anti-emetic therapy in the ED setting with minimal side effects would be of great benefit. Isopropyl alcohol inhalation has been reported to be an effective treatment for post-operative nausea and vomiting, with no reported adverse events. The objective of this study is to determine if nasally inhaled isopropyl alcohol swabs are effective in alleviating nausea and/or vomiting in patients presenting to the ED with a chief complaint of nausea and/or vomiting.

Methods: We will conduct a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial with three subject arms: 1) nasally inhaled isopropyl alcohol swabs every 10 minutes for a total of one hour, 2) nasally inhaled isopropyl alcohol swabs every 20 minutes for a total of one hour, or 3) no intervention. 135 participants ≥18 years old and presenting to the ED with a chief complaint of nausea and/or vomiting with a level of 3 or greater on a verbal numeric rating scale (NRS) will be recruited for a duration of two hours. The primary outcome measure is the mean reduction in nausea scores comparing the pre-intervention score to the lowest post-intervention nausea score. The secondary outcome measures will be participant satisfaction scores using a verbal NRS, receipt of any rescue anti-emetic medications, ED length of stay, and participant disposition (admission or discharge home).

Discussion: This study will determine the efficacy of inhaled isopropyl alcohol swabs by determining the optimal dosing frequency achieving adequate anti-emetic action. This has the potential to guide future triage protocols to incorporate this therapy to provide earlier symptomatic relief to patients, and also has the potential to prevent morbidity suffered by patients in the emergency department and improving patient satisfaction and efficiently use in-patient resources. We strongly suspect that once this study is performed, it will be useful for ED physicians in treating nausea and vomiting in the ED.
Modes and timing of delivery along with maternal and neonatal conditions for preeclamptic patients of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Sultana Nasima , Islam M. Rafiqul , Hassan Parvez 
Published: July 2024

Background: We studied the gynaecological, obstetrical and family history, complications arisen, timing and mode of delivery, and post-delivery maternal and neonatal health conditions for preeclamptic patients in Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Methods: Using a cross-sectional longitudinal design, 90 women hospitalized with preeclampsia in 7 hospitals of Rajshahi, Bangladesh were considered, of which two-thirds were from tertiary referral Rajshahi medical college hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients, physical examinations and analyzing patients’ pathological profile. For statistical analyses, SPSS software was employed.
Results: The 58% of the preeclamptic patients became pregnant earlier, of which 56% had NVD, 24 % C/S and 20% abortion. The 85% patients had history of chronic constipation, ashma, blood transfusion, UTI, hypertension, liver disease, diabetes and preeclampsia. Regarding past surgical history, 40% had Appendisectomy, DE and C, MR, left Salphingo-oophorectomy and CS. Their gestational age ranged 40-32 weeks, averaging 37 weeks. About three-fourths of the patients’ deliveries were made by CS. Generally, patients’ BP fell down after delivery. One patient out of 88 had died after giving birth, but her female infant (weighing 2.0 kg) was in good condition. Only one case of twin-pregnancy was recorded. After giving births, 28% of mother had no complications, whereas 56% had mild complications and 16% had severe complications. Male children dominated (60%) over female children (40%). A total of 9 (10%) neonatal deaths were recorded. Among alive infants, 42% were premature. About 28% of the newborn infants had no complications, while 16% had mild complications and 56% had severe complications including asphyxia, IUGR, etc.
Conclusions: After delivery (CS was 75%), mothers’ health was good, but the infants’ health deteriorated. Consequently, 1% maternal death and 10% neonatal deaths were recorded.
Co-relation of lip print with ABO blood group and gender: A pilot study on student population of north Indian town
Authors: Upadhyaya Neha , Mishra Rakesh Kumar , Sharma Rohit , Srivastava Akasnsha 
Published: July 2024

It is necessary to identify human individuals for personal, social, and legal reasons. The use of conventional methods such as use of fingerprints and lip prints is of paramount importance since personal identification by other means such as DNA analysis is sophisticated and not available in rural areas and developing countries. Lip Prints are the Wrinkles and grooves imprints visible on the lips They have been named by Tsuchihashi as ‘Sulci labiorum rubrorum’. 19 major groups have been identified in humans by Karl Landsteiner (1971). Among these only “ABO” and “Rhesus” groups are used most of the time. Studies of the association between lip prints, blood groups and gender are scanty in the literature. There are other reference data available on various forms of personal identification such as fingerprints, lip prints, etc. which are of paramount importance. The present study aims to determine and investigate the percentage distribution and the association of lip print, right and left thumbprints, blood groups, and gender among the north Indian population. For the study, we enrolled 200 north Indian students aged between 18 years to 25 years as a subject after obtaining ethical clearance from the ethical committee. Written informed consent was obtained from the study subjects. A single calibrated trained interviewer described the purpose and process of the study to the participants and recorded lip print, thumbprint, and blood groups. The examination was done on a simple chair and in abundant daylight conditions. Among the total of 200 north Indian students aged between 18 years to 25 years, lip print in various quadrants was compared with gender, blood groups, and thumbprints were compared, and interpretation was made. The present study concluded that the Reticular pattern was the most predominant lip print pattern followed by Intersected and Branched Patterns in both genders. B+ve blood group was predominant among subjects. Loop pattern was the most predominant thumbprint. There was a significant correlation between left and right thumbprints. The present study did not show any statistical correlation of lip print pattern with gender (P value 0.65), thumbprint pattern (P value 0.56), and ABO blood groups (P value 0.841).
Bilateral kinking of extracranial part of internal carotid artery with coiling and tortuosity of external carotid artery
Authors: Sharma Urvi , Tirpude Amit Purushottam 
Published: July 2024

A rare anatomic anomaly known as the twisted carotid artery is characterized by vascular elongation that results in an altered path. It could be an unexpected finding or have symptoms that are clinically noteworthy. The internal carotid artery or, less frequently, the common carotid artery is the most typical site. Additionally, bilateral tortuous carotid arteries may develop, resulting in "kissing carotids," a condition in which the carotid arteries are opposed one another. : This case report describes the bilateral presence of numerous loops in the exterior and internal carotid arteries of an adult 65 years old male cadaver. : These loops may cause a reduction in blood flow to certain areas of the head and neck. It is essential for understanding these unusual loops for different surgical procedures. The aim of this paper is to enlighten physicians about the variations in these variants' etiology, anatomical characteristics, and associated clinical implications.
Will laser Doppler vibrometry be used in facial aesthetic diagnostics?
Authors: Kawałkiewicz Weronika , Przybył Tomasz , Sokalski Jerzy , Kubisz Leszek 
Published: July 2024

Dysfunctions of the temporomandibular joint are associated with disturbances in muscle activity and joint function. It is a coupled joint, so the blockage of one joint requires excessive mobility of the other, which can significantly affect the asymmetry of the lower facial third, or on facial aesthetics. The coexistence of hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles, such as the masseter and temporal muscles, can also influence the change in facial aesthetics and dental arches. Detailed diagnostics of the masticatory system dysfunction provide the opportunity to plan and implement the most effective treatment and restore proper facial aesthetics. Doppler laser vibrometry is a method that allows for vibration measurements without direct contact with the tested object. Doppler laser vibrometry operates on the principle of the Doppler effect and uses a helium‑neon laser. This enables measurements in various fields. In the study, the PDV-100 vibrometer was used. The work presents example studies in which Doppler laser vibrometry was employed, along with a brief description of available laser vibrometers. It also presents the results obtained during the measurement of skull vibrations. Differences in vibration frequency were demonstrated in individuals with temporomandibular joint disorders compared to the control group.
Automating Bug Triage: Unleashing the Power of Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing
Authors: Kumari Neha , Ahmed Jawed , Raghuwanshi Kamlesh Kumar , Agarwal Parul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the potential of automating bug triage
using machine learning and natural language processing. In the context
of growing software complexity, manual bug handling faces challenges
leading to delays. The study critically examines traditional bug triage
methods, emphasizing their limitations and the need for automated solutions.
By reviewing various machine learning techniques applied in bug
triage, the paper provides insights for practitioners. The proposed Bug
Triage model, integrating Word2Vec embeddings and XGBoost, shows
promising results in categorizing and prioritizing bug reports. The paper
concludes by highlighting future research opportunities to advance bug
triage methodologies and improve software development practices.
Precursory crater contraction associated with the 2017 eruption of Shinmoe-dake volcano (Japan) detected by PALSAR-2 and Sentinel-1 InSAR
Authors: Himematsu Yuji , Ozawa Taku , Aoki Yosuke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The time series of PALSAR-2 and Sentinel-1 images reveal inflation at the volcanic flank and contraction at the crater for approximately five months before the 2017 eruption of Shinmoe-dake volcano, Japan. While the observation of inflation at the volcano’s flank is ubiquitous, few studies have reported crater contraction at a crater preceding an eruption. The flank inflation stopped after the 2017 eruption, while the contraction at the crater continued until the 2018 eruption. We found that a pipe-shaped deformation source above sea level best fits the observation preceding the 2017 eruption. Suppose the flux of ejected materials constrains the conduit radius during the previous 2011 eruption. In that case, the amount of deformation of the pipe-shaped deformation source, whether open or closed at its top, is too large to be realistic. Although constraining the conduit radius from the eruption flux overestimates the pressure change of the pipe-shaped deformation source, water-saturated fractures along the volcanic conduit could extend the effective conduit radius of the pressure source. We propose one potential scenario for the mechanism of the crater contraction preceding volcanic eruptions based on the combination of compaction due to cooling by ambient groundwater and material withdrawal within the conduit. The groundwater inflows from the ambient aquifer through cracks in the porous conduit wall, which are generated by conduit expansion during the magma ascent. Decoupling from the conduit wall due to a decrease in volume of the material promotes material instability and crater contraction. The interaction between the groundwater and the magma triggers the 2017 eruption of Shinmoe-dake volcano, as previous studies have reported.
Respiratory Tract Pathogen Profiles of COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients and the Mortality Prediction
Authors: Liu Jiaxin , Liu Wenzhi , Fan Pengchao , Huang Rihong , Wen Yaolin , Gao Yiming , Li Ruihua , Gao Peng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
COVID-19 pneumonia is easily complicated with other respiratory pathogenic attacks, increasing the risk of death. Exploring the pathogen profiles of COVID-19 patients-related facilitated the clinical management and decisions to pursue better prognosis.
Methods
This study systematically compared the sputum culture results and death events of 170 non-COVID-19 and 197 COVID-19 patients. Statistical analysis was carried out to find the pathogen profile difference between the two populations. The death risk model was constructed for the infected COVID-19.
Results
It was found that co-infection with bacteria and fungi increased the mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia patients. The isolation rate of Acinetobacter baumannii in COVID-19 patients was significantly higher than that in non-COVID-19 patients and often showed multi-drug resistant phenotypes. The COVID-19 pneumonia patients showed a higher incidence of intensive care unit admission, ventilator-assisted ventilation and death with fungal infection. The serum levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, TNF, lymphocytes, neutrophils and white blood cells in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia decreased. A death prediction model was constructed based on machine learning methods, achieving a prediction accuracy of 90.0%. The main factors affecting the survival rate of COVID-19 pneumonia patients co-infected with other pathogens were admission to the intensive care unit, days of hospital stay, ventilator-aided treatment, carbapenems administration, lymphocyte, serum aspartate aminotransferase level, Acinetobacter baumannii infection, and Candida infection.
Conclusions
This study provided necessary clinical indicators for timely and precise intervention of COVID-19 pneumonia patients when they were infected by other pathogens. The COVID-19-related secondary infection microorganisms were different compared with the pathogens isolated from non-COVID-19 patients.
Dentists’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards National Centralized dental implants Procurement policy in China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiao Ting , Gong Lingling , Hou Yixuan , Jiang Weijuan , Feng Bo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
National centralized dental implants procurement (NCDIP) was a policy implemented by the Chinese government starting from September 2022, aimed at ensuring that the people receive high-quality, efficient, and affordable dental restoration services, and promoting the healthy and orderly development of the dental implant industry. The policy has been implemented for some time now, and a comprehensive investigation is needed to explore its specific effects. Our study aimed to comprehensively understand the knowledge, attitude, behavior(KAP) of dentists towards this policy, evaluate the implementation of the policy, explore the factors that affect KAP, and provide assistance for the improvement and implementation of future policies
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study from May to June in 2023 in China. Online questionnaire was to investigate the KAP of dentists towards NCDIP policy. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors that influence KAP.
Results
A total of 1049 dentists completed the questionnaires. 98.66% of dentists knew the policy of NCDIP, and 72.45% of them agreed that they were familiar with this policy. Female dentists had better knowledge towards this policy. At attitudes level, 74.17% dentists believed that the centralized procurement policy could have a significant impact on healthcare reform, 75.04% of dentists agreed that it is reasonable to implement this policy for dental implants to reduce the medical costs of dental implants,93.94% of dentists believing that the policy has reduced the economic burden of dental implants for patients with missing teeth. Dentists working in private hospital were more convinced of the impact of this policy. At the practice level, 63.63% of dentists will prioritize selecting centrally purchased implants for treatment, 90.93% of dentists will actively promote the national centralized procurement policy for dental implants to patients.96.96% of dentists will proactively understand the national centralized procurement policy for dental implants.83.55% of dentists and their families also will choose implants that are centrally procured by the country. Dentists with higher education levels have a higher willingness to choose centralized seed collection and dental implantation. Dentists working in private hospital More willing to proactively understand policies and promote them.
Conclusions
Overall, most dentists have a good knowledges, attitudes, and practices towards the NCDIP policy. At present, the implementation effect of the policy is good, but in public hospitals, the promotion and implementation of the policy still need to be strengthened
Identification of Potential Landslide in Jianzha Counctry Based on InSAR and Deep Learning
Authors: Yang Xianwu , Chen Dannuo , Dong Yihang , Xue Yamei , Qin Kexin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Landslide disasters have characteristics of frequent occurrence, widespread impact, and high destructiveness, posing serious threats to human lives, property, and the ecological environment. Timely and accurate early identification of landslides remains an urgent issue within the disaster prevention field. This study focuses on Jianzha County, Qinghai Province, integrating PS-InSAR、SBAS-InSAR and optical remote sensing techniques to delineate potential landslide-prone areas. Utilizing Google Earth imagery and existing landslide datasets, potential landslide points were identified through a deep learning model. The results indicate that: (1) In Jianzha County, the variation trend of the average surface velocity monitored by PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR technology is consistent, and the deformation monitoring results are reliable. (2) Utilizing the deep learning model, 56 potential landslide points were identified, comprising 39 high-risk points and 17 medium-risk points. By integrating the spatial distribution data of historical geological disaster points, it was found that 10 out of 13 previously occurred landslide disaster points were located at the identified high-risk landslide points, achieving a detection accuracy of 76.92%. (3) The spatial distribution of landslide points exhibits clustering, with slopes ranging from 10–40°, elevations between 15–30 m, and slope orientations predominantly towards the northeast. (4) Landslide formation is correlated with seasonal precipitation concentrations and temperature fluctuations. This method can provide a crucial basis for large-scale surface deformation monitoring and early identification of landslide risks.
Effective Hierarchical Data Association in Multi-Object Tracking Using an Enhanced Network Flow Framework
Authors: Zhang Junwen , Zhang Xiaolong , Zhu Ziqi , Deng Chunhua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the realm of multi-object tracking, the SORT model is esteemed for its simplicity and efficiency, yet its tracking efficacy hinges significantly on detector performance. Randomly discarding low-threshold detections can result in critical misses and track fragmentation. Hence, it is often complemented by a hierarchical data association strategy centered on detection thresholds. Nonetheless, relying solely on threshold-based categorization may segregate detections and lead to redundant detections for the same target, thereby increasing the impact of redundancies on tracking and causing trajectory drift. To address this, this paper introduces a novel hierarchical data association framework based on network flow, integrating historical trajectory and domain information to efficiently group detections and redundancies. Additionally, an effective global topological structure graph is proposed to manage redundant detections. Experimental results demonstrate competitive performance on MOTChallenge, with a 1-2\% improvement in MOTA over the benchmark, particularly nearing 2% on MOT20.
Eruption and caries status of first permanent molars in children aged 6-7 years in Beijing, China
Authors: Zhao Mei , Wang Zhaoyou , Liu Min , Song Ziqi , Wang Rong , Yang Lina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Dental caries is still a major disease that affect the oral health of people in China. First permanent molars (FPMs) are the most caries-susceptible teeth among school-aged children. The aim of this study was to investigate the eruption and caries status of first permanent molars in children aged 6-7 years in Beijing, China, to provide information for oral health promotion.
Methods All 6-7-year-old first grade children from public elementary schools in Shijingshan District, Beijing were invited to receive a clinical oral examination. The eruption status and caries experience of FPMs were recorded. Questionnaires assessing children's sociodemographic information and oral health-related behaviors were completed by the children's parents or guardians.
Results A total of 3,176 children, including 1,644 boys (51.8%) and 1,532 girls (48.2%) were included in the oral examination and questionnaire. The eruption rate of FPMs was 65.8%. Within the emerged FPMs, 43.0% of FPMs were partially erupted with no caries and 37.8% of FPMs were fully erupted and sealable. The prevalence of dental caries was 5.5% on FPMs and the mean decayed missing and filled teeth score was 0.11 in the participants. Binary Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that girls had more tooth decay than boys and father’s educational background also associated with the caries experience of the studied children (P<0.05).
Conclusions Majority of FPMs were erupted in children aged 6-7 years in Beijing, China, and the prevalence of dental caries in these children was not negligible. Effective intervention should be applied in this age group for oral health promotion.