bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remitting through crisis: Looking beyond resilience in UK migrant and diaspora communities
Authors: Lindley Anna , Datta Kavita , Chase Elaine , Fadal Kaltun , Hammond Laura , Loureiro Gabriela , Majeed-Hajaj Saliha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Migrants’ remittances have often been understood to operate as a form of insurance for families, communities and countries of origin, increasing in times of downturn and disaster. But what happens when the same crisis hits both destination and origin countries simultaneously? During the Covid-19 pandemic, despite early expectations of a dramatic contraction, official recorded remittances were characterized as remarkably a ‘resilient’ financial flow. This article investigates the people and processes behind remittances through the crisis. Drawing on micro-level mixed-methods primary research in the UK, we investigate indications of community-level resilience in migrants’ remittance practices, highlighting that perceptions of rising needs abroad added fuel to people’s desire to remit, while diverse economic capacities also mediated remittance sending. Both a strong sense of meaning and connection, and the stresses of managing multiple needs at home and abroad, were apparent in diaspora accounts of sending remittances. While money ultimately continued to flow, through this as through many other crises, the discourse of remittance resilience risks eclipsing the major challenges navigated by migrant communities. The relevance to research and policy in the context of the contemporary cost-of-living crisis is explored.
Robustness of direct measurements of the mean free path of ionizing photons in the epoch of reionization
Authors: Satyavolu Sindhu , Kulkarni Girish , Keating Laura C , Haehnelt Martin G 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Measurements of the mean free path of Lyman-continuum photons in the intergalactic medium during the epoch of reionization can help constrain the nature of the sources as well as sinks of hydrogen-ionizing radiation. A recent approach to this measurement has been to utilize composite spectra of multiple quasars at $z\sim 6$, and infer the mean free path after correcting the spectra for the presence of quasar proximity zones. This has revealed not only a steep drop in the mean free path from $z=5$ to $z=6$, but also potentially a mild tension with reionization simulations. We critically examine such direct measurements of the mean free path for biases due to quasar environment, incomplete reionization, and quasar proximity zones. Using cosmological radiative transfer simulations of reionization combined with one-dimensional radiative transfer calculations of quasar proximity zones, we find that the bias in the mean free path due to overdensities around quasars is minimal at $z\sim 6$. Patchiness of reionization at this redshift also does not affect the measurements significantly. Fitting our model to the data results in a mean free path of $\lambda _{\mathrm{mfp}}=1.49^{+0.47}_{-0.52}$ pMpc at $z=6$, which is consistent with the recent measurements in the literature, indicating robustness with respect to the modelling of quasar proximity zones. We also compare various ways in which the mean free path has been defined in simulations before the end of reionization. Overall, our finding is that recent measurements of the mean free path appear to be robust relative to several sources of potential bias.
Metasomatic Interaction of Ultramafic Mantle Xenoliths with their Felsic HP–UHT Granulite Host (Moldanubian Domain, Bohemian Massif in Lower Austria)
Authors: ZelinkovÁ Tereza , Racek Martin , JanouŠek VojtĚch , ŠtÍpskÁ Pavla , Abart Rainer , Asenbaum Rene 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The St. Leonhard granulite massif in Lower Austria, dominantly formed by kyanite-bearing felsic granulite, encloses countless up to 5 cm sized mantle xenoliths of garnet clinopyroxenite and peridotite. The mineralogical, textural and chemical consequences of a mutual metasomatic interaction at the contact between these xenoliths and the host orthopyroxene-bearing felsic granulite are described. Movement of Mg, Al and, especially, Ca from the garnet clinopyroxenite to the granulite and migration of K and Na in the opposite direction, caused the breakdown of clinopyroxene and formation of orthopyroxene–plagioclase symplectite coronae at the expense of the garnet clinopyroxenite xenoliths. Around the peridotite xenoliths, monomineralic orthopyroxene coronae have developed due to the supply of Si from the host granulite. The P–T conditions of this interaction were established to 900°C to 1000°C and 1.0 to 1.2 GPa by thermodynamic modelling. The duration of coronae growth was constrained to 13 to 532 ka based on modelling of Fe–Mg interdiffusion underlying secondary compositional zoning of garnet from the garnet clinopyroxenite xenolith extending to the coronae. The most significant change in the host granulite was caused by the supply of Ca from the garnet clinopyroxenite xenolith, which led to the breakdown of the Al2SiO5 phase—probably kyanite—and stabilization of orthopyroxene. K-feldspar-poor haloes surrounding mantle xenoliths formed due to the depletion of K in the granulite adjacent to the garnet clinopyroxenite. The observed origin of felsic–intermediate orthopyroxene-bearing granulite by transformation of felsic kyanite-bearing granulite through the metasomatic interaction with mantle xenoliths implies that the deep crustal chemical exchange between mantle- and crust-derived lithologies may have an important consequences on composition, thermal structure and geodynamic evolution of orogenic lower crust especially in hot collisional orogens, such as the European Variscides.
A national survey of rheumatology telephone advice line support in the United Kingdom: frontline perspectives
Authors: Ryan Sarah , Hider Samantha , Tavernor Jay , Hassell Andrew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Telephone advice lines are a key component of rheumatology services. A national survey of telephone advice line providers was undertaken to explore how this service is currently delivered and the impact on those delivering it to inform providers, policymakers and patients.

Methods
We conducted an online survey between March and September 2023 collecting data on demographics, how advice lines function, governance and the impact on nurses’ well-being. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results
A total of 123 health professionals completed the survey. The majority were rheumatology nurses [n = 118 (96%)], &gt;45 years of age [n = 112 (91%)], band ≥7 [n = 92 (76%)], with 77 (65%) reporting &gt;10 years of experience within rheumatology. Most advice lines operated weekdays only [n = 93 (79%)], with most calls returned within 2 days [n = 81 (66%)], although some callers waited &gt;7 days [n = 19 (15%)]. The number of calls received monthly ranged from 100 to &gt;800, with 46 (37%) responders reporting &gt;500 calls/month. The most common reasons for contacting advice lines were disease activity, pain and medication concerns. For most responders, governance arrangements were unclear [n = 72 (61%)]. Providing advice lines impacted on the well-being of nurses providing the service: 89 (72%) felt anxious ‘sometimes to mostly’ and 79 (64%) found it ‘mostly–always’ stressful. A total of 85 (69%) nurses had not received any training to manage advice lines.

Conclusion
Although telephone advice lines are provided by experienced rheumatology nurses, high demand is impacting on well-being. Having designated training could equip nurses with additional skills to manage increased capacity and monitor their own well-being.
On the uncertainty in numerical modeling of wireless communication devices operating at frequencies of 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 28 GHz
Authors: Christ Andreas , Keshvari Jafar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Some of the difficulties in numerical modeling of wireless communication devices for dosimetric evaluations arise from, e.g. incomplete documentation available for the numerical model, such as missing information on dielectric materials or the antenna matching circuitry. This study investigates the impact of these difficulties on the dosimetric results, such as the peak spatial average specific absorption rate at 900 and 1800 MHz and the peak spatial average power density at 28 GHz. The impact of dielectric losses, detuning, and mesh resolution is quantified using different generic and Computer Aided Design (CAD) based models of wireless transmitters. The findings show that the uncertainties of the numerical results due to detuning and mesh resolution can be reduced by normalization to the antenna feedpoint power instead of the feedpoint current. Uncertainties due to variations in dielectric losses can largely be compensated by normalization to the radiated power.
Making Sense of Recovery From First Psychosis With Antipsychotic Medication: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study
Authors: Dijkstra Stéphanie Astrid , Rijkeboer Jennifer , Noordhof Arjen , Boyette Lindy-Lou , Berendsen Steven , de Koning Mariken , Bennen Romy Liza Japien , Hofman Tim , de Haan Lieuwe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Recovering from a first psychosis is a highly individual process and requires the person to make sense of their experiences. Clinicians, in turn, need to comprehend these first-person perspectives, creating a mutual sense-making dynamic. Antipsychotic medication is a substantial part of psychosis treatment. Providing insight in the lived experience of recovery with antipsychotics could improve the mutual understanding and help bridge the gap between the perspective of the clinician and that of the person recovering from psychosis.

Study Design
14 persons in recovery from a first psychosis with the use of antipsychotics were interviewed. Their narratives were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).

Study Results
Five overarching themes were found, representing important and meaningful experiences in recovering with antipsychotic medication. Theme 1: antipsychotics as external dampening (4 subthemes); Theme 2: shifting of realities; Theme 3: pace of recovery; Theme 4: antipsychotics’ influence on identity; and Theme 5: is it truly the antipsychotics?

Conclusions
Our findings show that recovery from psychosis with antipsychotics is an all-encompassing, multi-faceted, and ambivalent experience. The themes found in this research could inspire clinicians to discuss less obvious aspects of the experience of recovering with antipsychotics. Even more so, paying attention to the first-person perspective could lead to a more thorough understanding and benefit therapeutic relationships.
Amentoflavone regulates the miR-124-3p/CAPN2 axis to promote mitochondrial autophagy in HCC cells
Authors: Zhu Fengting , Jiang Jingwen , Chen Xuewu , Fu Lei , Liu Hui , Zhang Hui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease with poor prognosis and high mortality. Amentoflavone (AF) possesses the characteristics of marginal toxicity, stable curative effect, and good anti-HCC activity. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanism of AF inhibiting HCC and provide a new idea for HCC treatment. Methods: Clinical tissue of HCC was collected. AF was given with HCC cells, and transfected with corresponding vectors. MiR-124-3p expression in HCC clinical samples and cells was ascertained by qRT-PCR assay. HCC cells viability was identified by CCK-8 assay. LC3 protein expression was ascertained by immunofluorescence assay. The expressions of CAPN2, β-catenin and mitochondrial autophagy-related proteins were detected by western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the targeting relationship of miR-124-3p and CAPN2. Results: MiR-124-3p expression was inhibited and CAPN2 expression was increased in HCC tissues and cells. AF decreased HCC cell viability, up-regulated miR-124-3p expression, and inhibited CAPN2 expression and β-catenin nuclear transcription. Moreover, AF could activate the mitochondrial autophagy of HCC cells. MiR-124-3p specifically regulated CAPN2 expression. This study found that CAPN2 could promote β-catenin nuclear translocation, thus activating wnt/β-catenin pathway to inhibit mitochondrial autophagy in HCC cells. MiR-124-3p mimics enhanced AF function in promoting mitochondrial autophagy in HCC cells. However, CAPN2 overexpression, miR-124-3p inhibitor and SKL2001 attenuated the effectiveness of AF. Conclusion: This study confirmed that AF regulated miR-124-3p/CAPN2 axis to restraint β-catenin nuclear translocation and then inhibit the wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby promoting mitochondrial autophagy in HCC.
Predictors of Alcohol Use, Alcohol-Related Problems, and Substance Use Following Adolescent Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery
Authors: White Gretchen E. , Boles Richard E. , Courcoulas Anita P. , Inge Thomas H. , Yanovski Susan Z. , Jenkins Todd M. , Zeller Meg H. 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To identify factors associated with incident alcohol consumption, hazardous drinking, alcohol-related problems, and substance use up to 8 years following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) during adolescence.

Background:
In this cohort, nearly half of those who underwent MBS as adolescents screened positive for alcohol use disorder, symptoms of alcohol-related harm, or alcohol-related problems within 8 years post-surgery. Moreover, persistent or heavy marijuana use following MBS during adolescence is higher than national data.

Methods:
This study includes 217 adolescents (aged 13–19 years) enrolled in a 5-center prospective cohort study who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or vertical sleeve gastrectomy between 2007 and 2011 and were followed for up to 8 years. Participants self-reported alcohol use via the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and substance use for up to 8 years.

Results:
Female sex, pre-surgery lower body mass index, and pre-surgery substance use were independently associated with increased risk of incident post-surgery hazardous drinking. Pre-surgery psychiatric counseling was significantly associated with increased risk for new-onset substance use post-surgery. Starting substance use post-surgery or continuing pre- to post-surgery was independently associated with a higher risk of post-surgery hazardous drinking. Greater percent weight loss, starting post-surgery or continuing pre- to post-surgery psychiatric counseling, using alcohol, and hazardous drinking were independently associated with a higher risk of post-surgery substance use.

Conclusions:
Future research with a nonsurgical control group should be examined to further elucidate the relationships between MBS and alcohol and substance use following surgery during adolescence.
Evaluating the Accuracy, Quality, and Readability of Online Breast Cancer Information
Authors: Valencia Elsie A. , Cortina Chandler S. , Cobb Adrienne N. , Chaudhary Lubna N. , Kelly Tracy , Kong Amanda L. 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To assess the accuracy, quality, and readability of patient-focused breast cancer websites using expert evaluation and validated tools.

Background:
Ensuring access to accurate, high-quality, and readable online health information supports informed decision-making and health equity but has not been recently evaluated.

Methods:
A qualitative analysis on 50 websites was conducted; the first 10 eligible websites for the following search terms were included: “breast cancer,” “breast surgery,” “breast reconstructive surgery,” “breast chemotherapy,” and “breast radiation therapy.” Websites were required to be in English and not intended for healthcare professionals. Accuracy was evaluated by 5 breast cancer specialists. Quality was evaluated through the DISCERN questionnaire. Readability was measured using 9 standardized tests. Mean readability was compared with the American Medical Association and National Institutes of Health 6th grade recommendation.

Results:
Nonprofit hospital websites had the highest accuracy (mean = 4.06, SD = 0.42); however, no statistical differences were observed in accuracy by website affiliation (P = 0.08). The overall mean quality score was 50.8 (“fair”/“good” quality) with no significant differences among website affiliations (P = 0.10). Mean readability was at the 10th grade reading level, the lowest being for commercial websites with a mean 9th grade reading level (SD = 2.38). All websites exceeded the American Medical Association- and National Institutes of Health-recommended reading level by 4.4 levels (P < 0.001). Websites with higher accuracy tended to have lower readability levels, whereas those with lower accuracy had higher readability levels.

Conclusion:
As breast cancer treatment has become increasingly complex, improving online quality and readability while maintaining high accuracy is essential to promote health equity and empower patients to make informed decisions about their care.
Near-Peer Coaching to Enhance Operative Learning: An Educational Innovation for Surgical Training
Authors: Papachristos Alexander J. , Molloy Elizabeth , Chui Juanita N. , Ghidinelli Monica , Kitto Simon , Nestel Debra , Loveday Benjamin P. T. 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To design, implement, and evaluate a near-peer coaching model to enhance operative learning in general surgery training.

Background:
There is an urgent need to maximize operative learning in surgical education. Trainees find barriers to operative learning difficult to navigate and often sacrifice educational opportunities for the sake of impression management.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study was conducted over a 6-month period following design and implementation of a trainee-led near-peer coaching model; “SPICE” (Set goals, Plan, Imagine, Comment and feedback, Evaluate and reflect). Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore trainees’ experiences of the model.

Results:
Twelve trainees participated in the study. The near-peer coaching encounters provided trainees with the psychological safety to be honest about learning needs, validated insecurities, and mitigated the pressures associated with impression management that consistently shaped consultant–trainee relationships. Trainees described improved operative performance, increased self-confidence, and a greater ability to adapt to the unexpected. Trainees adapted the use of the SPICE model to conventional consultant–trainee dynamics, which facilitated learning conversations and negotiation of operative opportunities. On a broader scale, trainees noticed an improvement in the teaching culture of the unit, describing that the use of the model legitimized the importance of perioperative learning conversations and increased consultant enthusiasm for teaching.

Conclusions:
Near-peer coaching created a unique psychological safety that facilitated authentic reflection and goal setting and improved trainee confidence. The benefits of the SPICE model were translated to other contexts and facilitated entrustment in conventional consultant–trainee relationships.
Lisfranc Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Authors: DeGenova Daniel T. , Mennona Steven , Jones Travis J. , Hoffman Adam , Davis Trent , Cantor Nikki , Taylor Benjamin C. 
Published: July 2024

Summary:
Lisfranc injuries are an uncommon injury of the midfoot that can occur after a low-energy or high-energy mechanisms. There often a wide spectrum of injury ranging from a sprain to a sever fracture dislocation. Treatment of displaced Lisfranc injuries is often operative with the mainstays of treatment being open reduction and internal fixation versus arthrodesis. We describe a stepwise and reproducible approach of open reduction and internal fixation in a 20-year-old man with a severe Lisfranc fracture dislocation injury.

Video available at:

https://ota.org/education/ota-online-resources/video-library-procedures-techniques/lisfranc-open-reduction-and.
Distal Clavicle Fracture Repair Utilizing Plate and Suture-Button Fixation: Optimizing Intraoperative Fluoroscopy
Authors: Ghanem Diane , Marrache Majd , Rogers Davis , Shafiq Babar 
Published: July 2024

Summary:
This is the case of a 44-year-old healthy right-hand–dominant man who fell off his mountain bike and sustained a right distal third clavicle fracture, classified as a type IIB (modified Neer Classification), with rupture of the coracoclavicular ligaments and vertical instability of the medial segment. The report demonstrates open reduction and internal fixation of the distal clavicle with a superior plate and coracoclavicular suture–button placement with a focus on optimizing intraoperative fluoroscopy. The use of optimal fluoroscopic views provides reproducible visualization of the coracoid base, greatly facilitating optimal suture-button placement to reduce the risk of coracoid fracture.

Video available at:

https://ota.org/education/ota-online-resources/video-library-procedures-techniques/distal-clavicle-fracture-repair
Operative Management of Atypical Femur Fractures
Authors: Coscia Atticus , Wilson Jenna , Muscatelli Stefano , Hake Mark 
Published: July 2024

Summary:
Atypical femur fractures represent a distinct clinical entity from other geriatric and fragility fractures. Cephalomedullary nailing is the preferred means of fixation. Anatomic reduction is key to avoiding delayed healing and nonunion.

Video available at:

https://ota.org/education/ota-online-resources/video-library-procedures-techniques/operative-management-atypical#/+/0/score,date_na_dt/desc/
Social Vulnerability Index Provides Greater Granularity Compared With the Area Deprivation Index When Assessing Outcomes Following Elective Lumbar Fusion
Authors: Yang Phillip T. , Shaikh Hashim , Akoto Alexander , Menga Emmanuel N. , Molinari Robert W. , Rubery Paul T. , Puvanesarajah Varun 
Published: July 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective review of a single institution cohort.

Objective.
To determine whether area deprivation index (ADI) or social vulnerability index (SVI) is more suitable for evaluating minimum clinically important difference (MCID) achievement following elective lumbar fusion as captured by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS).

Summary of Background Data.
A total of 182 patients who underwent elective one-level to two-level posterior lumbar fusion between January 2015 and September 2021.

Materials and Methods.
ADI and SVI values were calculated from patient-supplied addresses. Patients were grouped into quartiles based on values; higher quartiles represented greater disadvantage. MCID thresholds for Pain Interference (PI) and Physical Function (PF) were determined through a distribution-based method. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors impacting MCID attainment. Univariate logistic regression was performed to determine which themes comprising SVI values affected MCID achievement. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.

Results.
Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that ADI and SVI quartile assignment significantly impacted achievement of MCID for PI (P=0.04 and 0.01, respectively) and PF (P=0.03 and 0.02, respectively). Specifically, assignment to the third ADI and SVI quartiles were significant for PI (OR: 0.39 and 0.23, respectively), and PF (OR: 0.24 and 0.22, respectively). Race was not a significant predictor of MCID for either PI or PF. Univariate logistic regression demonstrated that among SVI themes, the socioeconomic status theme significantly affected achievement of MCID for PI (P=0.01), while the housing type and transportation theme significantly affected achievement of MCID for PF (P=0.01).

Conclusion.
ADI and SVI quartile assignment were predictors of MCID achievement. While ADI and SVI may both identify patients at risk for adverse outcomes following lumbar fusion, SVI offers greater granularity in terms of isolating themes of disadvantage impacting MCID achievement.