bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between the different therapeutic properties of Chinese medicinal herbs and delayed luminescence
Authors: Pang Jingxiang , Fu Jialei , Yang Meina , Zhao Xiaolei , van Wijk Eduard , Wang Mei , Fan Hua , Han Jinxiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn the practice and principle of Chinese medicine, herbal materials are classified according to their therapeutic properties. ‘Cold’ and ‘heat’ are the most important classes of Chinese medicinal herbs according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this work, delayed luminescence (DL) was measured for different samples of Chinese medicinal herbs using a sensitive photon multiplier detection system. A comparison of DL parameters, including mean intensity and statistic entropy, was undertaken to discriminate between the ‘cold’ and ‘heat’ properties of Chinese medicinal herbs. The results suggest that there are significant differences in mean intensity and statistic entropy and using this method combined with statistical analysis may provide novel parameters for the characterization of Chinese medicinal herbs in relation to their energetic properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk of pancreatic fistula after enucleation of pancreatic tumours
Authors: Strobel O , Cherrez A , Hinz U , Mayer P , Kaiser J , Fritz S , Schneider L , Klauss M , Büchler M W , Hackert T 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
Enucleation is used increasingly for small pancreatic tumours. Data on perioperative outcome after pancreatic enucleation, especially regarding the significance and risk factors associated with postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), are limited. This study aimed to assess risk-dependent perioperative outcome after pancreatic enucleation, with a focus on POPF.

Methods
Patients undergoing enucleation for pancreatic lesions between October 2001 and February 2014 were identified from a prospective database. A detailed analysis of morbidity was performed. Risk factors for POPF were assessed by univariable and multivariable analyses.

Results
Of 166 enucleations, 94 (56·6 per cent) were performed for cystic and 72 (43·4 per cent) for solid lesions. Morbidity was observed in 91 patients (54·8 per cent). Severe complications occurred in 30 patients (18·1 per cent), and one patient (0·6 per cent) died. Reoperation was necessary in nine patients (5·4 per cent). POPF was the main determinant of outcome and occurred in 68 patients (41·0 per cent): grade A POPF, 34 (20·5 per cent); grade B, ten (6·0 per cent); and grade C, 24 (14·5 per cent). Risk factors independently associated with POPF were: cystic tumour, localization in the pancreatic tail, history of pancreatitis and cardiac co-morbidity. Only cystic morphology was independently associated with clinically relevant POPF (grade B or C), occurring after enucleation in 25 (27 per cent) of 94 patients with cystic tumours versus nine (13 per cent) of 72 patients with solid tumours. Tumour size and distance to the main duct were not associated with risk of POPF.

Conclusion
Enucleation is a safe procedure in appropriately selected patients with a low rate of severe complications. POPF is the main determinant of outcome and is more frequent after the enucleation of cystic lesions.
Influence of day of surgery on mortality following elective colorectal resections
Authors: Vohra R S , Pinkney T , Evison F , Begaj I , Ray D , Alderson D , Morton D G 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the increased mortality previously identified for surgery performed on Fridays was apparent following major elective colorectal resections and how this might be affected by case mix.

Methods
Patients undergoing elective colorectal resections in England from 2001 to 2011 were identified using Hospital Episode Statistics. Propensity scores were used to match patients having operations on a Friday in a 1 : 1 ratio with those undergoing surgery on other weekdays. Multivariable analyses were used to investigate overall deaths within 1 year of operation.

Results
A total of 204 669 records were extracted for patients undergoing major elective colorectal resections. Patients who had surgery on Fridays were more deprived (4780 (17·1 per cent) of 27 920 versus 28 317 (16·0 per cent) of 176 749; P &lt; 0·001), a greater proportion had had an emergency admission in the 3 previous months (7870 (28·2 per cent) of 27 920 versus 48 623 (27·5 per cent) of 176 749; P = 0·019), underwent minimal access surgery (4565 (16·4 per cent) of 27 920 versus 23 783 (13·5 per cent) of 176 749; P &lt; 0·001) and had surgery for benign diagnoses (6502 (23·3 per cent) of 27 920 versus 38 725 (21·9 per cent) of 176 749; P &lt; 0·001) than those who had surgery on Mondays to Thursdays. In a matched analysis the odds ratio for 30-day mortality after colorectal resections performed on Fridays compared with other weekdays was 1·25 (95 per cent c.i. 1·13 to 1·37); odds ratios for 90-day and 1-year mortality were 1·16 (1·07 to 1·25) and 1·10 (1·04 to 1·16) respectively.

Conclusion
Patients selected for colorectal resections on Fridays had a higher mortality rate than patients operated on from Monday to Thursday and had different characteristics, suggesting that increased mortality may reflect patient factors rather than hospital variables alone.
Portal vein embolization and its effect on tumour progression for colorectal cancer liver metastases
Authors: Simoneau E , Hassanain M , Shaheen M , Aljiffry M , Molla N , Chaudhury P , Anil S , Khashper A , Valenti D , Metrakos P 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) exhibiting disease progression after portal vein embolization (PVE).

Methods
Patients with CRCLM requiring PVE before hepatectomy between 2003 and 2014 were included. Clinical variables, and liver and tumour volumes determined by three-dimensional CT volumetry were assessed before and after PVE. Overall and disease-free survival data were obtained. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of tumour progression after PVE.

Results
Of 141 patients who underwent PVE, 93 (66·0 per cent) had tumour progression and 17 (12·1 per cent) developed new contralateral lesions. Significantly fewer patients had resectable disease in the group with disease progression than among those with stable disease: 43 (46 per cent) of 93 versus 36 (75 per cent) of 48 respectively (P = 0·001). Median survival was similar in patients with and without tumour growth after PVE: 22·5 versus 26·0 months for patients with unresectable tumours (P = 0·706) and 46·2 versus 52·2 months for those with resectable disease (P = 0·953). However, disease-free survival for patients with tumour progression after PVE was shorter than that for patients with stable disease (6·0 versus 20·2 months; P = 0·045). Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was the only significant factor associated with tumour progression in multivariable analysis.

Conclusion
Tumour progression after PVE did not affect overall survival, but patients with resected tumours who had tumour growth after embolization experienced earlier recurrence. A borderline response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy seemed to be associated with tumour progression after PVE.
Estimation of psychrometric parameters of vapor water mixtures in air
Authors: Beltrán‐Prieto Juan Carlos , Beltrán‐Prieto Luis Antonio , Nguyen Long Huynh Bach Son 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIn the present paper, a Visual Basic program was developed by describing the set of equations required to determine the value of seven different psychrometric properties (partial pressure of water vapor, absolute humidity, percentage humidity, relative humidity, dew point temperature, humid heat, humid volume or adiabatic saturation temperature) for mixtures of water vapor in air given the dry bulb temperature, the total atmospheric pressure and one additional parameter. Eight different cases are studied according to the corresponding input parameters. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ. 24:39–43, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21670
Comet assay measures of DNA damage as biomarkers of irinotecan response in colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wood Joanna P. , Smith Andrew J. O. , Bowman Karen J. , Thomas Anne L. , Jones George D. D. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe use of irinotecan to treat metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited by unpredictable response and variable toxicity; however, no reliable clinical biomarkers are available. Here, we report a study to ascertain whether irinotecan‐induced DNA damage measures are suitable/superior biomarkers of irinotecan effect. CRC‐cell lines (HCT‐116 and HT‐29) were treated in vitro with irinotecan and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were isolated from patients before and after receiving irinotecan‐based chemotherapy. Levels of in vitro‐, in vivo‐, and ex vivo‐induced DNA damage were measured using the Comet assay; correlations between damage levels with in vitro cell survival and follow‐up clinical data were investigated. Irinotecan‐induced DNA damage was detectable in both CRC cell‐lines in vitro, with higher levels of immediate and residual damage noted for the more sensitive HT‐29 cells. DNA damage was not detected in vivo, but was measurable in PBLs upon mitogenic stimulation prior to ex vivo SN‐38 treatment. Results showed that, following corrections for experimental error, those patients whose PBLs demonstrated higher levels of DNA damage following 10 h of SN‐38 exposure ex vivo had significantly longer times to progression than those with lower damage levels (median 291 vs. 173 days, P = 0.014). To conclude, higher levels of irinotecan‐induced initial and residual damage correlated with greater cell kill in vitro and a better clinical response. Consequently, DNA damage measures may represent superior biomarkers of irinotecan effect compared to the more often‐studied genetic assays for differential drug metabolism.
A new scoring system for predicting survival in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Schild Steven E. , Tan Angelina D. , Wampfler Jason A. , Ross Helen J. , Yang Ping , Sloan Jeff A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis analysis was performed to create a scoring system to estimate the survival of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data from 1274NSCLCpatients were analyzed to create and validate a scoring system. Univariate (UV) and multivariate (MV) Cox models were used to evaluate the prognostic importance of each baseline factor. Prognostic factors that were significant on bothUVandMVanalyses were used to develop the score. These included quality of life, age, performance status, primary tumor diameter, nodal status, distant metastases, and smoking cessation. The score for each factor was determined by dividing the 5‐year survival rate (%) by 10 and summing these scores to form a total score.MVmodels and the score were validated using bootstrapping with 1000 iterations from the original samples. The score for each prognostic factor ranged from 1 to 7 points with higher scores reflective of better survival. Total scores (sum of the scores from each independent prognostic factor) of 32–37 correlated with a 5‐year survival of 8.3% (95%CI = 0–17.1%), 38–43 correlated with a 5‐year survival of 20% (95%CI = 13–27%), 44–47 correlated with a 5‐year survival of 48.3% (95%CI = 41.5–55.2%), 48–49 correlated to a 5‐year survival of 72.1% (95%CI = 65.6–78.6%), and 50–52 correlated to a 5‐year survival of 84.7% (95%CI = 79.6–89.8%). The bootstrap method confirmed the reliability of the score. Prognostic factors significantly associated with survival on bothUVandMVanalyses were used to construct a valid scoring system that can be used to predict survival ofNSCLCpatients. Optimally, this score could be used when counseling patients, and designing future trials.
A comparison of resource utilization following chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia in children discharged versus children that remain hospitalized during neutropenia
Authors: Getz Kelly D. , Miller Tamara P. , Seif Alix E. , Li Yimei , Huang Yuan‐Shung , Bagatell Rochelle , Fisher Brian T. , Aplenc Richard 
Published: June 2015

AbstractComparisons of early discharge and outpatient postchemotherapy supportive care in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients are limited. We used data from the Pediatric Health Information System on a cohort of children treated for newly diagnosedAMLto compare course‐specific mortality and resource utilization in patients who were discharged after chemotherapy to outpatient management during neutropenia relative to patients who remained hospitalized. Patients were categorized at each course as early or standard discharge. Discharges within 3 days after chemotherapy completion were considered “early”. Resource utilization was determined based on daily billing data and reported as days of use per 1000 hospital days. Inpatient mortality, occurrence of intensive care unit (ICU)‐level care, and duration of hospitalization were compared using logistic, log‐binomial and linear regression methods, respectively. Poisson regression with inpatient days as offset was used to compare resource use by discharge status. The study population included 996 patients contributing 2358 treatment courses. Fewer patients were discharged early following Induction I (7%) than subsequent courses (22–24%). Across courses, patients discharged early experienced high readmission rates (69–84%), yet 9–12 fewer inpatient days (allP < 0.001). Inpatient mortality was low across courses and did not differ significantly by discharge status. The overall risk forICU‐level care was 116% higher for early compared to standard discharge patients (adjusted risk ratio: 2.16, 95% confidence interval: 1.50, 3.11). Rates of antibiotic, vasopressor, and supplemental oxygen use were consistently elevated for early discharge patients. Despite similar inpatient mortality to standard discharge patients, early discharge patients may be at greater risk for life‐threatening chemotherapy‐related complications, including infections.
Mutagenesis of an Asn156 Residue in a Surface Region of S‐Selective Hydroxynitrile Lyase from Baliospermum montanum Enhances Catalytic Efficiency and Enantioselectivity
Authors: Kawahara Nobuhiro , Asano Yasuhisa 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe S‐selective hydroxynitrile lyase from Baliospermum montanum (BmHNL) has broad substrate specificity toward aromatic substrates as well as high temperature stability, although with low enantioselectivity and specific activity. To expand the industrial application of this enzyme, we improved its enantioselectivity and specific activity toward (S)‐mandelonitrile by mutagenesis. The specific activity of the BmHNL H103C/N156G mutant for (S)‐mandelonitrile production was raised to 154 U mg−1 (WT BmHNL: 52 U mg−1). The enantiomeric excess was increased to 93 % (WT BmHNL: 55 %). The kinetic analysis revealed Km for (R)‐mandelonitrile and kcat for (S)‐mandelonitrile increased by the mutation at Asn156, thus contributing to the increase in enantiomeric excess. This is the first report on an improvement in catalytic efficiency and enantiomeric excess of BmHNL for (S)‐mandelonitrile synthesis by random and site‐directed mutagenesis.
Rheolityc thrombectomy in acute myocardial infarction: Effect on microvascular obstruction, infarct size, and left ventricular remodeling
Authors: Carrabba Nazario , Parodi Guido , Maehara Akiko , Pradella Silvia , Migliorini Angela , Valenti Renato , Comito Vincenzo , Marrani Marco , Rega Luigi , Colagrande Stefano , Mintz Gary S. , Antoniucci David 
Published: June 2015

ObjectivesWe sought to analyze whether rheolytic thrombectomy (RT) in comparison with manual thrombus aspiration (MTA) may reduce microvascular obstruction (MVO), infarct size (IS), and left ventricular (LV) remodeling in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Background: Conflicting results have been reported as to whether MTA reduces MVO and IS.Methods and ResultsEighty STEMI reperfused by primary angioplasty and abciximab were randomly allocated (1:1) to RT or MTA. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 37 patients (19 RT) and after 1 year in 19 (9 RT); baseline, 1‐ and 6‐month 2D‐echo was performed in all patients. MVO and IS were measured 8 min after gadolinium injection with late enhancement sequences and were analyzed quantitatively at a core laboratory blinded to randomization. At baseline TIMI thrombus grade were similar (RT: 4.47 ± 0.84 vs. MTA: 4.67 ± 0.76, P = 0.453). After thrombectomy, thrombus grade decreased to 1.11 ± 1.04 in RT vs. 2.17 ± 1.29 in MTA arm (P = 0.009). RT compared with MTA did not reduced significantly myocardial IS [12.2% (6.4–22.1) vs. 19.0% (7–28.5), P = 0.224] as well as the extent of MVO [0.0% (0.0–0.17) vs. 0.6% (0.0–1.4), P = 0.117], but a trend toward a lower incidence of MVO (16% vs. 44%, P = 0.056) and a less LV remodeling rate were found in RT arm (11% vs. 24%, P < 0.140).ConclusionRT in comparison with MTA was more effective in thrombus removal, but it did not reduced significantly the IS and the extent of MVO. However, a trend toward a lower incidence of MVO and a better preservation of LV volumes were found in RT arm. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Silver‐Copper Alloy as an Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst for an Advanced Zinc‐Air Battery
Authors: Jin Yachao , Chen Fuyi , Lei Yimin , Wu Xiaoqiang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA highly efficient Ag‐Cu electrocatalyst is synthesized by the electrodeposition method and characterized with respect to its catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and its tolerance to carbonate ions in a zinc‐air battery. Cyclic voltammetry and rotating‐disk electrode analyses suggest that the Ag50Cu50 electrocatalyst is 2.5 times more catalytically active in the ORR than a pure Ag catalyst and catalyzes the ORR through a four‐electron pathway. Field‐emission TEM characterization shows that the surface‐roughened Ag‐Cu electrocatalyst comprises small nanoplatelets with diameters of 40–50 nm. Cu atoms are partially alloyed in Ag lattices in these nanoplatelets. The Ag‐Cu electrocatalysts are assembled into the primary and secondary zinc‐air batteries as carbon‐free and binder‐free catalyst layers. The open circuit voltage and the discharge voltage of the primary zinc‐air battery at 20 mA cm−2 are 1.49 and 1.17 V, respectively. The round‐trip efficiency and increased polarization of the rechargeable zinc‐air battery are 56.4 and 0.2 %, respectively, after 100 cycles at 20 mA cm−2. The Ag‐Cu electrocatalyst shows good catalytic activity in the oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline battery and good tolerance of carbonate ions on the cathode side.
Selective Photocatalytic CC Coupling of Bioethanol into 2,3‐Butanediol over Pt‐Decorated Hydroxyl‐Group‐Tunable TiO2 Photocatalysts
Authors: Yang Pengju , Zhao Jianghong , Cao Baoyue , Li Li , Wang Zhijian , Tian Xuxia , Jia Suping , Zhu Zhenping 
Published: June 2015

Abstract2,3‐Butanediol (2,3‐BD) was synthesized through TiO2‐photocatalytic CC coupling of bioethanol synchronously with the liberation of an energy H2 molecule in an anaerobic atmosphere. It was found that the selectivity of 2,3‐BD is controlled by the amount of .OH. The less the .OH, the higher the 2,3‐BD selectivity. Furthermore, it was revealed that the amount of .OH increases with the increasing of the surface OH groups on TiO2 photocatalyst. The introduction of water is in favor of the CC coupling pathway. This can be attributed to the stronger interaction between water and TiO2, which is beneficial to recovering the OH groups and promoting the desorption of .CH(OH)CH3 intermediates, thus suppressing the thermodynamically favorable overoxidation of .CH(OH)CH3 into acetaldehyde and promoting the CC coupling into 2,3‐BD. Based on the findings, the 2,3‐BD selectivity was greatly enhanced from approximately 2.6 % to approximately 65 % over Degussa P25‐TiO2 photocatalyst through fluorine substitution of surface OH groups.
Nature of the Intermediate Binding Sites in Hydrogen Oxidation/Evolution over Pt in Alkaline and Acidic Media
Authors: Ramaker David E. , Roth Christina 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe formation of overpotential deposited H (Hopd) on fuel‐cell catalysts [Pt/Vulcan carbon (VC) and PtRu/VC] is explored with X‐ray absorption spectroscopy taken under fuel‐cell operating conditions at the anode. The X‐ray absorption fine structure technique was used to obtain the catalysts structure and Δμ X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure technique to simultaneously obtain adsorbate coverage. These results are compared with Hopd coverages obtained from previously reported impedance and IR spectroscopic studies on single crystal Pt faces and polycrystalline Pt, and also with previously reported theoretical DFT results and gas‐phase temperature programmed desorption results. A rearrangement of Hopd from the ontop sites at the corners/edges of nanoparticles to the delocalized threefold face sites at higher Hopd coverage is found. A strong pH effect on the binding energy of the corner/edge ontop sites is shown, which accounts, in part, for the two orders of magnitude drop in hydrogen‐oxidation activity for Pt nanoparticles in alkaline environments compared with acidic environments.
Optical Visualization and Spectroscopic Techniques for Probing Water Transport in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
Authors: Nishida Kosuke 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTo solve the critical issues of water management in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), the comprehensive understanding of water transport in the catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer (GDL), electrolyte membrane and gas channel during cell operation is required. In this Minireview, optical visualization and laser spectroscopic techniques for investigating liquid water behavior and water vapor distribution in operating PEFCs are presented. Direct optical observation of water droplet buildup in the GDL and gas channel is conveniently performed using transparent cells. In addition, a novel visualization method using humidity test paper makes it possible to quantitatively measure the water vapor profile along a gas channel. Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is available for noninvasive monitoring of water concentrations in flow channels with a high time resolution. These diagnostic techniques provide information useful for proper water management in PEFCs.
Reconstruction of Pyrolyzed Bacterial Cellulose (PBC)‐Based Three‐Dimensional Conductive Network for Silicon Lithium Battery Anodes
Authors: Chang Yanhong , Zhou Min , Li Xianglong , Zhang Yunbo , Zhi Linjie 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSilicon nanostructures and their composites are believed to be very promising anode material candidates for advanced lithium‐ion batteries. Yet, anode material systems developed, to date, inevitably require complex and time‐consuming synthetic processes, or complicated and expensive instruments, or hazardous chemicals, or electrode fabrication procedures that are incompatible with current slurry‐based electrode fabrication techniques. This situation notoriously hinders the practical implementation of silicon in lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, a simple, facile, eco‐friendly chopping strategy is demonstrated for the construction of silicon nanoparticle impregnated pyrolyzed bacterial cellulose (PBC). The resulting hybrid material exhibits significantly improved lithium storage performance compared with its counterparts; this reflects great potential for the reconstruction of PBC‐based three‐dimensional conductive networks. This study provides the potential for the simple and efficient construction of electrode materials and systems in a much more viable and sustainable manner.