bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts Estimated From Skin Fluorescence in First-Degree Relatives
Authors: Báez Eileen A. , Shah Shreepal , Felipe Dania , Maynard John , Chalew Stuart 
Published: November 2014

Objective: The objective was to assess the relationship of skin advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) between first-degree relatives estimated from skin fluorescence (SF) after adjustment for skin pigmentation. Study design: SF was excited by LEDs centered at 375, 405, and 420 nm from children with type 1 diabetes and their mothers. Data were adjusted to generate measures of skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) at the various excitation wavelengths, using 2 different pairs of correction coefficients for excitation (kx) and emission (km): kx = 0.5, km = 0.5 (not associated with skin pigmentation) and kx = 1.0, km = 0.0 (strongly associated with skin pigmentation). Pearson correlation analysis was performed, as well as a multiple variable analysis with maternal SIF adjusted for the effects of maternal age and race. Results: There were 50 matched pairs of children and their mothers. Children were 13.3 ± 3.7 years of age and there were 19 boys/31 girls and 15 black/35 white. Mothers were 41.8 ± 6.8 years of age. The age of mother and child was highly correlated, r = .64, P < .0001. In Pearson correlation analysis, child’s SIF (kx = 1.0, km = 0.0) the had strongest association with maternal SIF, while with SIF (kx = 0.5, km = 0.5) there was a trend for association. In the multiple variable model child SIF was associated with maternal SIF for all corrections and wavelengths but was stronger for kx = 1.0, km = 0.0. Conclusion: Even after adjustment for skin pigmentation and race, correlation of SIF between family members persists, suggesting that other genetic and/or environmental factors shared by parent and child may influence estimated skin AGEs.
Cell rigidity and shape override CD47’s “self”-signaling in phagocytosis by hyperactivating myosin-II
Authors: Sosale Nisha G. , Rouhiparkouhi Tahereh , Bradshaw Andrew M. , Dimova Rumiana , Lipowsky Reinhard , Discher Dennis E. 
Published: November 2014

Key PointsRigidity of an opsonized red cell that contacts a macrophage is found to hyperactivate myosin-II and thus overpowers CD47’s self-signaling. Red cell shape modulates CD47’s signaling of self and highlights biophysical contributions to phagocytosis.
Mito-protective autophagy is impaired in erythroid cells of aged mtDNA-mutator mice
Authors: Li-Harms XiuJie , Milasta Sandra , Lynch John , Wright Christopher , Joshi Aashish , Iyengar Rekha , Neale Geoffrey , Wang Xi , Wang Yong-Dong , Prolla Tomas A. , Thompson James E. , Opferman Joseph T. , Green Douglas R. , Schuetz John , Kundu Mondira 
Published: November 2014

Key Points
Mitochondrial dysfunction in aged mtDNA-mutator mice is associated with activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin and suppression of autophagy in erythroid cells. Autophagy maintains mitochondrial function in erythroid progenitors of mtDNA-mutator mice, and disrupting it accelerates onset of anemia.
Limited niche availability suppresses murine intrathymic dendritic-cell development from noncommitted progenitors
Authors: Łyszkiewicz Marcin , Ziętara Natalia , Föhse Lisa , Puchałka Jacek , Diestelhorst Jana , Witzlau Katrin , Prinz Immo , Schambach Axel , Krueger Andreas 
Published: November 2014

Key PointsDCs and T-lineage cells in the thymus have separate origins. Availability of microenvironmental niches in the thymus determines lineage fate.
Prevalence and risk factors for cervical neoplasia: a cervical cancer screening program in Beijing
Authors: Tao Lixin , Han Lili , Li Xia , Gao Qi , Pan Lei , Wu Lijuan , Luo Yanxia , Wang Wei , Zheng Zihe , Guo Xiuhua 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer is the second most common cancer and cause of cancer-related death for women worldwide. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of cervical neoplasia and examine factors associated with high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) among women taking part in a cervical cancer screening program in Beijing.MethodsWomen aged 25–65 years were screened using the ThinPrep cytologic test and gynecologic examination. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to investigate factors associated with HSIL.ResultsAmong 728,704 women screened, the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, II, III was 50.2, 34.0, and 36.4 per 100,000, respectively. Prevalence of cervical cancer was 12.2 per 100,000. Risk factors for HSIL included being in age group of 46–55 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07–1.44, compared with the 25–35 age group), bleeding after intercourse (aOR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.40–3.10), and presence of trichomonas vaginalis infection (aOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.35–5.07), cervical inflammation (aOR = 4.22, 95% CI: 3.39–5.26), and genital warts (aOR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.54–7.70). High education level (college and above compared with junior middle school or lower) was found to be protective (aOR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.37–0.90).ConclusionsThe prevalence of cervical neoplasia is relatively high in Beijing. Women aged 46–55 years, those with a lower education level, those reporting bleeding after intercourse, and those affected byTrichomonas vaginalisinfection, cervical inflammation and genital warts are at higher risk for HSIL. Particular efforts should be made to ensure these women are included in cervical cancer screening programs.
Unraveling the associations of osteoprotegerin gene with production traits in a paternal broiler line
Authors: Fornari Marcelo B , Zanella Ricardo , Ibelli Adriana MG , Fernandes Lana T , Cantão Maurício E , Thomaz-Soccol Vanete , Ledur Mônica C , Peixoto Jane O 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Improvements on growth and carcass traits in the poultry industry have been achieved by intense selection for heavier chickens at early ages. This faster growth has caused serious problems due to insufficient skeletal structure development needed to support the musculature of modern broilers. The osteoprotegerin gene (OPG), located on GGA2, is an important regulator of bone metabolism and reabsorption, being suggestive as a possible functional candidate gene associated with bone integrity in chickens. This study reports associations of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the OPG gene with production traits in a parental broiler line. Different phenotypic groups were evaluated: performance, carcass and skeletal traits. SNPs were identified within the OPG gene and the most informative SNP g.9144C > G was chosen for association analyses. Chickens (n = 1230) were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. The association was carried out with QxPaK v4.0 software using a mixed model including sex, hatch and SNP as fixed effects, and the infinitesimal and residual as random effects. The OPG SNP was associated with important traits as body weight at 21 days, weights of tibia and drumstick skin, leg muscle yield, and tibia breaking strength (P < 0.05). Associations were explained by the additive effect of the SNP and the additive effect within sex. This SNP could be considered a potential marker to improve bone resistance in chickens; however, caution should be taken because of its negative effect in other important traits evaluated in this study. Furthermore, these findings suggest a possible involvement of the OPG gene in fat deposition in poultry.
An audiometric study of the effects of paraspinal stimulation on hearing acuity in human subjects understanding the Harvey Lillard phenomenon
Authors: Demers Mark , Gajic Zehra , Gerretsen Everett , Budgell Brian 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Background
The founder of chiropractic, Daniel David Palmer, constructed a model of causation of disease based on his seminal experience with a patient, Harvey Lillard, who lost his hearing at the instant of injuring his upper back, but had his hearing restored suddenly 17years later after receiving spinal manipulation. Palmers model of disease causation, that of displaced vertebrae impinging on spinal nerves and thereby disrupting the innervation of dependent organs, was in fact incongruent with what was known at the time about human neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. The current study proposes and tests an alternative hypothesis: that increased afferent input from paraspinal muscles attenuates the central transmission of auditory information.

Methods
Between September 13 and November 13, 2013, forty healthy young adults were recruited and randomly divided into two cohorts: one receiving successive trials of sham TENS, and the second receiving sham and then authentic TENS. During the administration of sham and authentic TENS to the upper thoracic spine, hearing acuity was measured to determine perception thresholds at the frequencies normally tested clinically.

Results
In the first cohort, there were no differences in perception thresholds in the first and second trials of sham TENS, speaking to the reliability of the testing process. In the second cohort, there were no significant differences in perception thresholds during sham and authentic TENS.

Conclusions
Within the constraints of the current study design, including demographic characteristics and TENS parameters, there was no evidence that innocuous afferent input to upper thoracic paraspinal muscles modulated thresholds of audibility.
In vivo retention and bioactivity of IL-1ra microspheres in the rat intervertebral disc: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Gorth Deborah J , Martin John T , Dodge George R , Elliott Dawn M , Malhotra Neil R , Mauck Robert L , Smith Lachlan J 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) contribute to the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. Previously we demonstrated, in vitro, that by delivering interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) from poly(lactic co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres, we could attenuate the degradative effects of IL-1β on the nucleus pulposus (NP) for up to 20 days. The objective of this study was to undertake a preliminary investigation into whether microspheres could be successfully delivered to and retained in the disc in vivo, and whether IL-1ra released from those microspheres remained biologically active. For retention studies, fluorescently-labeled microspheres were delivered to the NPs of rat caudal discs. Rats were sacrificed at time points up to 56 days, and microspheres were localized using fluorescent microscopy. To investigate whether IL-1ra microspheres could effectively inhibit the effects of IL-1β in vivo, four disc levels were allocated to the following treatment groups: intact; saline; IL-1β; or IL-1β + IL-1ra microspheres. Rats were sacrificed after seven days and NP glycosaminoglycan content was measured.

Findings
Microspheres were visible in the disc at all time points up to 28 days, and localized to the NP, the annulus fibrosus (AF), or both. Glycosaminoglycan content for discs injected with IL-1β alone was significantly lower than for intact controls. For discs injected with IL-1β along with IL-1ra microspheres, glycosaminoglycan content was not significantly different from intact controls.

Conclusions
Microspheres can successfully be delivered to the disc in vivo and retained for a clinically relevant time frame. IL-1ra released from microspheres can effectively prevent IL-1β-induced NP glycosaminoglycan loss in vivo.
Leptin May Play a Role in Bone Microstructural Alterations in Obese Children
Authors: Dimitri P. , Jacques R. M. , Paggiosi M. , King D. , Walsh J. , Taylor Z. A. , Frangi A. F. , Bishop N. , Eastell R. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractContext:Bone mass is low and fracture risk is higher in obese children. Hormonal changes in relation to skeletal microstructure and biomechanics have not been studied in obese children.Objective:The objective of the study was to ascertain the relationships of obesity-related changes in hormones with skeletal microstructure and biomechanics.Design:High resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) was used to compare three-dimensional cortical and trabecular microstructure and biomechanics at load-bearing and nonload bearing sites in obese and lean children. The relationship between leptin, adiponectin, testosterone, estrogen, osteocalcin and sclerostin and skeletal microstructure was also determined.Setting:The study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric endocrine unit in the United Kingdom.Participants:Obese and lean children were matched by gender and pubertal stage.Results:Radial cortical porosity (mean difference −0.01 [95% CI: −0.02, −0.004], P = .003) and cortical pore diameter (mean difference −0.005 mm [95% CI: −0.009, −0.001], P = .011) were lower in obese children. Tibial trabecular thickness was lower (mean difference −0.009 mm [95% CI: −0.014, −0.004], P = .003), and trabecular number was higher (mean difference 0.23 mm−1 [95% CI: 0.08, 0.38], P = .004) in obese children. At the radius, fat mass percentage negatively correlated with cortical porosity (r = −0.57, P &lt; .001) and pore diameter (r = −0.38, P = .02) and negatively correlated with trabecular thickness (r = −0.62, P &lt; .001) and trabecular von Mises stress (r = −0.39, P = .019) at the tibia. No difference was observed in the other biomechanical parameters of the radius and tibia. Leptin was higher in obese children (805.3 ± 440.6 pg/ml vs 98.1 ± 75.4 pg/ml, P &lt; .001) and was inversely related to radial cortical porosity (r = 0.60, 95% CI: [−0.80, −0.30], P &lt; .001), radial cortical pore diameter (r = 0.51, 95% CI [−0.75, −0.16], P = .002), tibial trabecular thickness (r = 0.55, 95% CI: [−0.78, −0.21], P = .001) and tibial trabecular von Mises stress (r = −0.39, 95% CI: −0.65, 0.04, P = .02).Conclusion:Childhood obesity alters radial and tibial microstructure. Leptin may direct these changes. Despite this, the biomechanical properties of the radius and tibia do not adapt sufficiently in obese children to withstand the increased loading potential from a fall. This may explain the higher incidence of fracture in obese children.
Both Rare and Common Variants in PCSK9 Influence Plasma Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level in American Indians
Authors: Tsai Ching-Wei , North Kari E. , Tin Adrienne , Haack Karin , Franceschini Nora , Saroja Voruganti V. , Laston Sandy , Zhang Ying , Best Lyle G. , MacCluer Jean W. , Beaty Terri H. , Navas-Acien Ana , Kao W. H. Linda , Howard Barbara V. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Context:
Elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Variants in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene have been associated not only with plasma LDL-C concentration, but also with ischemic heart disease. Little is known about the genetic architecture of PCSK9 and its influence on LDL-C in American Indians.

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the genetic architecture in the 1p32 region encompassing PCSK9 and its influence on LDL-C in American Indians.

Design:
The Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS) is a family-based genetic study.

Participants:
Two thousand four hundred fifty eight American Indians from Arizona, Oklahoma, North Dakota, and South Dakota, who were genotyped by Illumina MetaboChip.

Results:
We genotyped 486 SNPs in a 3.9 Mb region at chromosome 1p32 encompassing PCSK9 in 2458 American Indians. We examined the association between these SNPs and LDL-C. For common variants (MAF ≥ 1%), meta-analysis across the three geographic regions showed common variants in PCSK9 were significantly associated with higher LDL-C. The most significant SNP rs12067569 (MAF = 1.7 %, β = 16.9 ± 3.7, P = 5.9 × 10−6) was in complete LD (r2 = 1) with a nearby missense SNP, rs505151 (E670G) (β = 15.0 ± 3.6, P = 3.6 × 10−5). For rare variants (MAF &lt; 1%), rs11591147 (R46L, MAF = 0.9%) was associated with lower LDL-C (β = − 31.1 ± 7.1, P = 1.4 × 10−5). The mean (SD) of LDL-C was 76.9 (7.8) and 107.4 (1.0) mg/dL for those with and without the R46L mutation, respectively. One person who was homozygous for R46L had LDL-C levels of 11 mg/dL. In one family, 6 out of 8 members carrying the R46L mutation had LDL-C levels below the lower 10% percentile of LDL-C among all study participants.

Conclusions:
Both rare and common variants in PCSK9 influence plasma LDL-C levels in American Indians. Follow-up studies may disclose the influence of these mutations on the risk of CVD and responses to cholesterol-lowering medications.
Self-Assembled Fluorescent Nanoprobe for the Detection of Fluoride Ions in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Nakata Eiji , Nazumi Yoshijiro , Yukimachi Yoshihiro , Uto Yoshihiro , Hori Hitoshi , Morii Takashi 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A fluorescent nanoprobe was designed based on self-assembled seminaphthorhodafluor (SNARF) derivatives (SNARF-OTBDPS) to detect the fluoride ions present in aqueous solutions. The tert-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) group in SNARF-OTBDPS showed good stability against hydrolysis by forming self-assembled clusters and retained good selectivity towards fluoride ions in aqueous solution.
Race and Health Disparities in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Living in the United States
Authors: Scott Haleigh M , Havercamp Susan M 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Research has documented disparities in health care and access for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and people in racial and ethnic minority groups. Though both populations are underserved, the additive impact of being both a member of a racial/ethnic minority and having IDD is largely unknown. This study uses data from a nationally representative survey to explore health service utilization among adults with IDD belonging to minority racial/ethnic groups compared to adults with IDD who are White. The results of this study indicated that racial/ethnic minority groups are disadvantaged in several essential areas of health care utilization and that Hispanic Americans are particularly underserved. Additional research is needed to identify and address the factors driving this difference.
Clinical Exome Performance for Reporting Secondary Genetic Findings
Authors: Park Jason Y , Clark Peter , Londin Eric , Sponziello Marialuisa , Kricka Larry J , Fortina Paolo 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Reporting clinically actionable incidental genetic findings in the course of clinical exome testing is recommended by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). However, the performance of clinical exome methods for reporting small subsets of genes has not been previously reported.

METHODS
In this study, 57 exome data sets performed as clinical (n = 12) or research (n = 45) tests were retrospectively analyzed. Exome sequencing data was examined for adequacy in the detection of potentially pathogenic variant locations in the 56 genes described in the ACMG incidental findings recommendation. All exons of the 56 genes were examined for adequacy of sequencing coverage. In addition, nucleotide positions annotated in HGMD (Human Gene Mutation Database) were examined.

RESULTS
The 56 ACMG genes have 18 336 nucleotide variants annotated in HGMD. None of the 57 exome data sets possessed a HGMD variant. The clinical exome test had inadequate coverage for &gt;50% of HGMD variant locations in 7 genes. Six exons from 6 different genes had consistent failure across all 3 test methods; these exons had high GC content (76%–84%).

CONCLUSIONS
The use of clinical exome sequencing for the interpretation and reporting of subsets of genes requires recognition of the substantial possibility of inadequate depth and breadth of sequencing coverage at clinically relevant locations. Inadequate depth of coverage may contribute to false-negative clinical exome results.
Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs - an Update and Perspectives
Authors: Petrič Aleksandra Domanjko 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Myxomatous mitral valve disease is a common cause of congestive heart failure in geriatric dogs. Many studies have been done in terms of epidemiology, pathology, associated neurohormonal changes in the disease progression, prognostic factors, and survival and treatment modalities. The presented paper presents a review of some of the studies in the mitral valve disease story.
Determining light suppression of mitochondrial respiration for three temperate marine macrophytes using the Kok method
Authors: Rasmusson Lina M. , Björk Mats 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
To properly calculate the carbon budgets of coastal marine habitats, potential fluctuations in oxygen consumption due to mitochondrial respiration must be taken into account. As mitochondrial respiration is sometimes inhibited in light, we used the Kok method to estimate whether such suppression occurs in the seagrasses Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima as well as in the macroalga Ulva intestinalis. For Z. marina and U. intestinalis, the respiration rate was clearly downregulated in light, a finding that might be important when determining the impact of respiration on estimated net primary productivity in these marine habitats.
Genotoxic assessment of calcium hypochlorite and Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds—two commonly used water purifying agents
Authors: Neelamkavil Sandhya Vincent , Thoppil John E. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The role of water in our daily lives cannot be highlighted enough, and ensuring the availability of pure water is an urgent need. Bleaching powder (calcium hypochlorite) and Strychnos potatorum Linn. seeds are commonly used in water purification as a disinfectant and anticoagulant, respectively, yet their safety levels have not been analyzed so far. Hence, a genotoxic assessment was conducted using Allium cepa chromosome aberration assay. Reduction in mitotic index and increase in abnormality percentage was observed for both, but this effect was dose dependent. All values were statistically significant at p<0.05%. Bleaching powder was found to be cytotoxic and genotoxic compared with the control. Abnormality percentage was found to be significantly high when compared with the positive control. Chromosome aberrations like binucleate condition, micronuclei formation, stickiness, and lesions could only be observed in root meristems treated with positive control and bleaching powder. The seeds of S. potatorum expressed mild cytotoxicity, but the genotoxic effect was found to be negligible when compared with positive control. Other chromosome aberrations observed included chromosome bridges, c-metaphases, chromosome laggards, shift in microtubule organizing centre, polyploidy, early movement of chromosomes, vagrant chromosomes, as well as diagonal, disturbed, and scattered arrangement of chromosomes. Thus, the genotoxic effect of bleaching powder warns people to use a safer choice of S. potatorum in water purification, whenever possible, as in the condition of muddy, coagulated water.