bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality Improvement by Socio-Economic Circumstances in England (1982 to 2006) ‐ Abstract of the London discussion
Authors: Lu Joseph 
Published: April 2013

This abstract relates to the following paper:LuJ. L. C., WongW. and BajekalM.Mortality improvement by socioeconomic circumstances in England (1982 to 2006).British Actuarial Journal, doi:10.1017/S1357321712000359
Dosimetric effects of bladder and rectal contrast agents in prostate radiotherapy
Authors: Gleeson Ian 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackground and purposeAccurate delineation of the target volume and organs at risk (OARs) are vital to ensure systematic errors are small. The use of contrast agents (CAs) in the bladder and rectum may aid contouring and reduce inter and intra-observer variability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric effect of the presence of such contrast on the monitor units (MUs), planning target volume (PTV), rectum and bladder.Materials and methodsThe prostate, seminal vesicles, rectum and bladder were contoured by a single observer on ten patients with bladder and rectal contrast. To evaluate the dosimetric effect of the presence of contrast, the density of the ten patients with contrast in the bladder and rectum was virtually changed to 1 g/cm3. A four-field 15 MV conformal radiation therapy technique was applied in which dose volume histograms and MUs were compared using computed tomographic (CT) density and the 1 g/cm3density.ResultsThe presence of contrast resulted in a 0·09% (<1 MU) increase in anterior MUs and decrease of 1% (<1 MU) in the posterior beam MUs. Lateral beams were not affected. The PTV and bladder dose increased slightly without contrast. The rectum showed a maximum change of 0·62% dose among the measured dose values. A maximum dose of 0·3 Gy at the 30% volume was also seen.ConclusionsThe dosimetric effect of bladder and rectal CAs on MUs, dose to the PTV and OARs in using this technique was very small. This would not be clinically significant, but only if the extreme limits of dose volume constraints were being reached.
Significance of serum vascular endothelial growth factor and cancer antigen 15.3 in patients with triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Chanana Priyanka , Pandey Awadesh Kumar , Yadav Budhi Singh , Kaur Jasbinder , Singla Seema , Dimri Kislay , Trehan Romeeta , Krishan Pawan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundA pilot study was undertaken to find significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cancer antigen (CA 15.3) in breast cancer patients.Materials and methodsTotal 70 patients with breast cancer were divided into triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-TNBC depending on oestrogen receptors, progesterone receptors or HER-2/neu receptors status. Serum CA 15.3 and VEGF levels were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the time of diagnosis and were correlated with age, tumour size and stage of the disease in both the groups. Spearman's test was used to find the correlation.ResultsVEGF levels were found to be >400 pg/ml in 27 patients, 19 (54·33%) of them were TNBC and only 8 (22·87%) non-TNBC. Mean values of the VEGF were, 784·34 pg/ml in TNBC and 334·60 pg/ml non-TNBC patients, respectively. CA 15.3 level was found to be higher in non-TNBC group (60·72 U/ml) than in TNBC group (45·24 U/ml). In all patients significant correlation was found between serum CA 15.3 level and tumour size and stage of the disease. In non-TNBC patients significant correlation was seen between CA 15.3 values and stage of the disease, but VEGF had no correlation with any of the disease parameters. In TNBC patients, there was no correlation between CA 15.3 level and any of the disease parameters but VEGF showed a significant correlation with both tumour size and stage of the disease.ConclusionExpression profile of VEGF was high in TNBC than non-TNBC patients. VEGF serves to be a better biomarker as compared with CA 15.3 in TNBC patients.
Evaluation of an adapted cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) group programme for people with obsessive compulsive disorder: a case study
Authors: Wroe Abigail L. , Wise Caroline 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDespite a strong evidence base for cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), there is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of group therapy compared to individual therapy. As services struggle to manage high demands, CBT for OCD is often offered in group format. This paper examines the current evidence base for group CBT for OCD considering both clinical outcomes and cost, and describes a group CBT intervention for people with OCD. A CBT group was set up, consistent with NICE guidelines, but slightly adapted from standard group protocols, in line with recommendations from experts in the field. It was evaluated as part of an audit of the service. Statistical analyses demonstrated significant improvements in both measures of depression and the impact of difficulties, and on specific measures of OCD, in clients who attended group CBT (n = 17). The analyses also demonstrated improved effectiveness of therapist hours for group therapy compared to individual therapy. It is concluded that group therapy for OCD should be considered as an alternative to individual therapy when there are significant demands on the service. Recommendations regarding specific adaptations to the standard group CBT format are made.
Aurora kinase inhibitors reveal mechanisms of HURP in nucleation of centrosomal and kinetochore microtubules
Authors: Wu Jiun-Ming , Chen Chiung-Tong , Coumar Mohane Selvaraj , Lin Wen-Hsin , Chen Zi-Jie , Hsu John T.-A. , Peng Yi-Hui , Shiao Hui-Yi , Lin Wen-Hsing , Chu Chang-Ying , Wu Jian-Sung , Lin Chih-Tsung , Chen Ching-Ping , Hsueh Ching-Cheng , Chang Kai-Yen , Kao Li-Pin , Huang Chi-Ying F. , Chao Yu-Sheng , Wu Su-Ying , Hsieh Hsing-Pang , Chi Ya-Hui 
Published: April 2013

Significance
In mitosis, microtubules extend and shrink before the bilateral attachment is established. However, which molecules regulate this activity for spindle formation is not fully elucidated. Using two in-house developed small molecules that target the Aurora kinases, we show that hepatoma up-regulated protein (HURP) is highly dynamic, trafficking between centrosome and kinetochore driven by Aurora A-dependent phosphorylation and protein phosphatase 1/2A-associated dephosphorylation. These compounds demonstrate a spatial hierarchical preference of HURP in the attachment of microtubules extending from the mother to the daughter centrosome. These findings help explain the biology of mitosis and may lead to the development of anticancer compounds.
TFEB-mediated autophagy rescues midbrain dopamine neurons from α-synuclein toxicity
Authors: Decressac Mickael , Mattsson Bengt , Weikop Pia , Lundblad Martin , Jakobsson Johan , Björklund Anders 
Published: April 2013

Significance
This study shows that neurodegenerative changes induced by α-synuclein in midbrain dopamine neurons in vivo can be blocked through activation of the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Using an adeno-associated virus model of Parkinson disease to overexpress α-synuclein in the substantia nigra, we show that genetic [transcription factor EB (TFEB) and Beclin-1 overexpression] or pharmacological (rapalog) manipulations that enhance autophagy protect nigral neurons from α-synuclein toxicity, but inhibiting autophagy exacerbates α-synuclein toxicity. The results provide a mechanistic link between α-synuclein toxicity and impaired TFEB function, and identify TFEB as a target for therapies aimed at neuroprotection and disease modification in Parkinson disease.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING FLOWERING AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT OF OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA CUTTINGS DURING THE THREE WEEKS BEFORE PLANTING
Authors: Gutterman Yitzchak 
Published: April 2013

Opuntia ficus-indica(prickly pear) is a widespread desert perennial cactus shrub. The plants produce either lateral branches or flowers from the axillary meristems, depending on maternal and environmental influences.The flower buds develop from the axillary meristems mainly at the margin of the apical part of the terminal flat branch segments. Flower bud meristems start to be active and secrete mucus in January. The red-bracted flower buds start to appear in March/April, flowers open in May/June, and fruit matures in June/August.This study focused on the appearance of flower buds, flowers, and fruits after induction ofO. ficus-indicaone-segment branch cuttings by environmental factors during the 3-week healing period after cutting and before planting. The influence of treatments such as temperature, light intensity, and day length on flower bud appearance and fruit development is described.
INDUCED MODIFICATIONS IN REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF SALT-TREATED PLANTS OF SORGHUM BICOLOR
Authors: Amzallag G.Nissim 
Published: April 2013

Plants of Sorghum bicolor were grown hydroponically in a solution containing 150 mM NaCl, and the reproductive characters were analyzed at the end of the life cycle. A subpopulation was exposed to salinity on day 8 following germination (early-exposed plants), and another subpopulation was first exposed to salinity on day 21 following germination (late-exposed plants). Fertility and stem height, as determined per g shoot dry weight (DW), were similar for control and late-exposed plants. However, these parameters were largely modified in early-exposed plants.
The population of late-exposed plants displayed an increase in phenotypic variability. However, the monomodal structure of the population remained similar to that of the population of control plants. In contrast, a large increase in diversity was observed in the population of early-exposed plants, and the frequency distribution of the reproductive characters appeared as plurimodal for this population.
Early exposure to NaCl has been previously shown to induce an increase in salinity tolerance of the plant (termed salt adaptation). This effect was not observed for late-exposed plants. The significance of the induced modifications in reproductive characters is discussed in the light of the salt adaptation response in Sorghum.
MACROALGAE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS ON MEDITERRANEAN SUBSURFACE PLATFORMS OF PIGEON ISLAND, ISRAEL
Authors: Einav Rachel , Olsvig-Whittaker Linda , Sharon Yair 
Published: April 2013

Pigeon Island, a small nature reserve on the East Mediterranean coast of Israel, is surrounded by abrasion platforms covered with seaweed. The subject of this paper is the community ecology of these macroalgae populations as a function of environmental factors.
Redundancy analysis (RDA) enabled us to rank the measured environmental variables in order of their correlation with vegetation gradients, and to estimate the statistical significance of the correlation by means of Monte Carlo testing. Ordination results showed that most samples line up along a complex gradient corresponding to the transect running from sea front (“front”) to island edge (“inside”). The effect of this gradient was exaggerated by an additional north-south gradient. Hence the most extreme samples were front-north (exposed) and inside-south (sheltered). The first, most exposed, meter of the transect was favored by most of the algal species. Species richness of the front samples was significantly higher than of inside samples. The two most important physical factors were impact of wave activity and distance from seawater. Waves are the source of dissolved CO2, hence the site with the higher wave energy was the most favorable, and showed the strongest competition among plants.
Empirical Modeling of R&D Demand in a Dynamic Framework
Authors: Roberts Mark J. , Vuong Van Anh 
Published: April 2013

AbstractEmpirical analysis of firm‐level investment in research and development (R&D) and its effect on innovation patterns and productivity has advanced as a result of innovation surveys in many countries. The weak link in the analysis of these surveys is the empirical model of firm R&D choice. In this paper we summarize how a dynamic, structural model of firm investment can be used to estimate firm demand for R&D with the data collected in innovation surveys. The estimates provide a natural measure of the expected benefit to the firm of investing in R&D. They also allow the researcher to simulate how the firm's R&D investment will respond to factors that shift cost or demand such as a policy change designed to subsidize R&D expenditures or provide financial support to firms with less favorable access to capital markets.
A multi-layer inference approach to reconstruct condition-specific genes and their regulation
Authors: Wu Ming , Liu Li , Hijazi Hussein , Chan Christina 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
An important topic in systems biology is the reverse engineering of regulatory mechanisms through reconstruction of context-dependent gene networks. A major challenge is to identify the genes and the regulations specific to a condition or phenotype, given that regulatory processes are highly connected such that a specific response is typically accompanied by numerous collateral effects. In this study, we design a multi-layer approach that is able to reconstruct condition-specific genes and their regulation through an integrative analysis of large-scale information of gene expression, protein interaction and transcriptional regulation (transcription factor-target gene relationships). We establish the accuracy of our methodology against synthetic datasets, as well as a yeast dataset. We then extend the framework to the application of higher eukaryotic systems, including human breast cancer and Arabidopsis thaliana cold acclimation. Our study identified TACSTD2 (TROP2) as a target gene for human breast cancer and discovered its regulation by transcription factors CREB, as well as NFkB. We also predict KIF2C is a target gene for ER−/HER2− breast cancer and is positively regulated by E2F1. The predictions were further confirmed through experimental studies.
Availability: The implementation and detailed protocol of the layer approach is available at http://www.egr.msu.edu/changroup/Protocols/Three-layer%20approach%20to%20reconstruct%20condition.html.
Contact: krischan@egr.msu.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Deleuze on Painting
Authors: Crowley Martin 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

In keeping with the position maintained throughout his work, Deleuze's writings on painting reject an aesthetics of mimesis in favour of a celebration of effectivity. Mobilizing a dynamic of combative extraction, Deleuze shows in these writings how works of art can engage with local instances of suffering and constraint in such a way as to open these on to other, livelier possibilities. Examining Deleuze's most extended analyses of the work of particular painters (namely,
Francis Bacon: logique de la sensation
(1981), and ‘Le Froid et le chaud’ (1973), on Gérard Fromanger), this article looks in detail at the workings of this mechanism in each case. Arguing that the version deployed in Deleuze's discussion of Bacon is limited in its ability to negotiate some kinds of contingent negativity, it maintains that this might, accordingly, be supplemented usefully by the differently inflected version at work in his piece on Fromanger. The article concludes by suggesting how these two versions of combative painterly extraction might most productively be imagined as working in tandem.
Revenant(s) de guerre
? Spectres of Decolonization in the French Second World War Combat Film
Authors: Langford Rachael 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

This article examines the reticence of French film to engage with the Second World War combat film as a genre, and links this to the reticence and silence in French cultural memory over France's wars of decolonization. The theoretical frames of the argument are informed by the work of Rothberg, Silverman, Ricœur, and Rousso on cultural memory and the ideologization of memory and forgetting. The article explores three films produced at crucial points in the history of France's relations with its colonial others: Denys de La Patellière's
Un taxi pour Tobrouk
(1961) and Henri Verneuil's
Week-end à Zuydcoote
(1964) and
Les Morfalous
(1984). It considers how these films inflect the generic tropes of self and other, insider and outsider, home and away against the hegemonic representation of France, in the Anglo-American combat film genre, as fracture or dissolution, and of French people as passivity or absence. By examining these films' inflection of the Second World War combat film, the article concludes that each is haunted by anxieties over war, identity, and decolonization that relate not to the films' diegetic histories of the Second World War, but to other uneasy histories of France's wars of decolonization, histories that are simultaneously raised and repressed in hegemonic French culture.
C2–C3 Anterior Cervical Fusion
Authors: Finn Michael A. , MacDonald Joel D. 
Published: April 2013

Study Design:
Retrospective review of patients at a university hospital.

Objective:
To describe the anterior approach for cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) at C2–C3 level and evaluate its suitability for treatment of instability and degenerative disease in this region.

Summary of Background Data:
The anterior approach is commonly used for ACDF in the lower cervical spine but is used less often in the high cervical spine.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed a database of consecutive cervical spine surgeries performed at our institution to identify patients who underwent ACDF at the C2–C3 level during a 10-year period. Demographic data, clinical indications, surgical technique, complications, and immediate results were evaluated.

Results:
Of the 11 patients (7 female, 4 male; mean age 46 y) identified, 7 were treated for traumatic fractures and 4 for degenerative disk disease. Three patients treated for myelopathy showed improvement in mean Nurick grade from 3.6 to 1.3. Pain was significantly improved in all patients who had preoperative pain. Solid bony fusion was achieved in 5 of 7 patients at 3-month follow-up. Complications included dysphagia in 4 patients (which resolved in 3), aspiration pneumonia, mild persistent dysphonia, and construct failure at C2 requiring posterior fusion. One patient died of a pulmonary embolism 2 weeks postoperatively.

Conclusions:
ACDF at the C2–C3 level is an option for the treatment of high cervical disease or trauma but is associated with a higher rate of approach-related morbidity. Familiarity with local anatomy may help to reduce complications. ACDF at C2–C3 appears to have a fusion rate similar to ACDF performed at other levels.
PARACENTRAL CONE DYSTROPHY WITH TAPETAL-LIKE SHEEN AND MIZUO PHENOMENON EXAMINED WITH DIFFERENT IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Salcedo-Villanueva Guillermo , Jimenez-Sierra Juan M. 
Published: April 2013

Purpose:
To present a case report of a patient diagnosed with cone dystrophy, with an uncommon presentation of paracentral involvement, tapetallike sheen, and Mizuo phenomenon.

Methods:
The patient underwent complete ophthalmic examination, repeated electroretinograms, fluorescein angiography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence, and different techniques for fundus photographs (color, infrared, red free).

Patient:
Twenty-year-old male patient who manifested slight photofobia but was otherwise asymptomatic.

Results:
The patient had 20/20 vision in both eyes. Upon indirect ophthalmoscopy, the retina presented a metalliclike sheen. Sequential electroretinograms and multifocal electroretinogram demonstrated a decreasing photopic response, with paracentral involvement. Autofluorescence and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography allowed a better visualization of the atrophic parafoveal cones. Red-free photographs help document the tapetallike sheen and Mizuo phenomenon after 3-hour dark adaptation.

Conclusion:
The final diagnosis of cone dystrophy, paracentral, with tapetallike sheen was established. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and red-free photographs will help better understand the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of this uncommon disease.
SECONDARY ORBITAL AND INTRAOCULAR LYMPHOMA TREATED WITH IMMUNOCHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Savino Gustavo , Petroni Sergio , Balia Laura , Caputo Carmela G. , Battendieri Remo , d’Alò Francesco , Balestrazzi Emilio 
Published: April 2013

Purpose:
To assess ocular and orbital structure by ocular echography and magnetic resonance imaging, fluoroangiography, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography before and after therapy with rituximab (Mabthera) and chlorambucil in a patient with concurrent intraorbital and intraocular lymphoma and diplopia.

Methods:
A 69-year-old man referred blurred vision and proptosis in his left eye associated with diplopia. Best-corrected visual acuity was 0.3 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution in the left eye and 0.02 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution in the right eye. Ocular echography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of concurrent orbital and intraocular tumor, and a B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma was diagnosed by incisional biopsy. The patient was treated with the oral alkylating agent chlorambucil and with intravenous infusions of the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (Mabthera) and evaluated with visual acuity, echography, fluoroangiography, indocyanine green angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Results:
After combined immunochemotherapy with rituximab/chlorambucil, the patient showed in the left eye a significant improvement of visual acuity (0.1 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) and a disappearance of diplopia at the end of follow-up.

Conclusion:
In this case report, combined systemic therapy with chlorambucil and rituximab was effective to reduce and control orbital and intraocular lymphoma.
Cytochrome P450CYP78A9Is Involved in Arabidopsis Reproductive Development
Authors: Sotelo-Silveira Mariana , Cucinotta Mara , Chauvin Anne-Laure , Chávez Montes Ricardo A. , Colombo Lucia , Marsch-Martínez Nayelli , de Folter Stefan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractSynchronized communication between gametophytic and sporophytic tissue is crucial for successful reproduction, and hormones seem to have a prominent role in it. Here, we studied the role of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cytochrome P450 CYP78A9 enzyme during reproductive development. First, controlled pollination experiments indicate that CYP78A9 responds to fertilization. Second, while CYP78A9 overexpression can uncouple fruit development from fertilization, the cyp78a8 cyp78a9 loss-of-function mutant has reduced seed set due to outer ovule integument development arrest, leading to female sterility. Moreover, CYP78A9 has a specific expression pattern in inner integuments in early steps of ovule development as well as in the funiculus, embryo, and integuments of developing seeds. CYP78A9 overexpression did not change the response to the known hormones involved in flower development and fruit set, and it did not seem to have much effect on the major known hormonal pathways. Furthermore, according to previous predictions, perturbations in the flavonol biosynthesis pathway were detected in cyp78a9, cyp78a8 cyp78a9, and empty siliques (es1-D) mutants. However, it appeared that they do not cause the observed phenotypes. In summary, these results add new insights into the role of CYP78A9 in plant reproduction and present, to our knowledge, the first characterization of metabolite differences between mutants in this gene family.