bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Asia: Physician and Patient Perspectives on Surveillance, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Mohamed Rosmawati , Wang Wendy , Tanwandee Tawesak , Hasan Irsan , Pham Cam Phuong , Lim Young-Suk , Lu Sheng-Nan , Munisamy Murallitharan , Tran Thi Thanh Huong , Ratnawati Evy , Sukeepaisarnjaroen Wattana , Karababa Mahir , Tan Chee-Kiat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In several Asian countries, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths. HCC risk factors in Asia differ from those elsewhere and are changing with the treatment landscape as systemic treatment options increase. This study was conducted to gain insight from physicians and patients into HCC screening, diagnosis, and treatment strategies in Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Methods
Two cross-sectional, anonymized, online surveys were completed between July and December 2022 by physicians diagnosing and treating HCC (55 questions on risk factors, surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment) and patients ≥ 18 years old diagnosed with HCC (36 questions on disease knowledge, quality of life, and experiences of diagnosis and treatment).

Results
Responses were received from 276 physicians in all 7 countries and 130 patients in Thailand, Taiwan, and Vietnam. From the physician’s perspective, surveillance programs are widespread but identify insufficient HCC cases; only 18% are early-stage HCC at diagnosis. From the patient’s perspective, knowledge of risk factors increases after diagnosis, but few seek support from patient associations; patients would benefit from better communication from their doctors. Treatment affordability and side effects are key issues for patients.

Conclusions
Awareness of the risk factors for HCC should be raised in primary care and the general population, and surveillance should identify early-stage HCC. Because patients rely on their doctors for support, doctors should better understand their patients’ needs, and patients could be supported by trained nurses or case managers. Programs are needed to increase patients’ access to proven HCC treatments.
Serum Erythropoietin and Ischemic-Modified Albumin Levels in Adolescents with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Öztürk Masum , Turgut Fatma Subaşı , Akbalık Davut , Demirkıran Mustafa Erhan , Kaplan İbrahim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractErythropoietin (EPO) has neuroprotective effects by increasing oxidative stress resistance and stabilizing redox balance. Ischemic-modified albumin (IMA) is a product of protein oxidation, and recent evidence suggests that IMA can be used as an indicator of oxidative damage. This study aimed to investigate serum EPO and IMA levels in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and to investigate the relationship between EPO and IMA levels and clinical variables such as disease duration and disease severity. A total of 68 adolescents (11–18 years old), including 35 OCD patients (18 males/17 females) and 33 healthy controls (14 males/19 females) without comorbid disorders matched for age, gender, and BMI, were included in the study. The enzyme-amplified chemiluminescence technique determined serum EPO levels, and serum IMA levels were determined by the spectrophotometric method. Serum EPO levels were lower in OCD patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.002; Z =  − 3.123), and serum IMA levels (ABSU) were significantly higher in the OCD group (p = 0.005). A significant positive correlation was found between IMA levels and the duration of OCD symptoms (p = 0.015, r = 0.409). The study’s findings contribute to the growing body of evidence implicating inflammatory and oxidative processes in the pathogenesis of OCD. The potential of EPO and IMA levels as diagnostic biomarkers for OCD aligns with the ongoing efforts to identify reliable biological markers for the disorder. The positive correlation of IMA levels with the duration of OCD shows the importance of early detection of oxidative damage.
The vulnerability of community sport organizations to criminal interference
Authors: van Bottenburg Maarten , Claringbould Inge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere is a growing body of evidence suggesting that Community Sport Organizations (CSOs) are increasingly susceptible to individuals with criminal affiliations or intentions. Despite its significance, this subject has received limited examination and theoretical exploration. This gap is particularly pronounced when considering the factors contributing to the vulnerability of CSOs and their susceptibility to criminal interference, as well as the mechanisms facilitating connections between CSOs and individuals with criminal ties. Our investigation employed various methodologies, including media searches, expert interviews, and case studies, with a detailed examination of one particular case. Drawing upon distinct literature perspectives —research on occupational fraud within CSOs, studies addressing the normalization of corruption in organizational settings, and literature exploring unethical pro-organizational behavior—we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the data. Through our research approach, we identified legal, financial, structural, cultural, and environmental factors that increase the vulnerability and susceptibility of CSOs to criminal interference. These factors are exacerbated by dynamic processes of rationalization, neutralization, and normalization of unethical behavior. Our findings underscore the necessity of maintaining continuous vigilance regarding these factors and mechanisms to safeguard the public function of CSOs.
Psychedelic experiences and long-term spiritual growth: a systematic review
Authors: Schutt William A. , Exline Julie J. , Pait Kathleen C. , Wilt Joshua A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPsychedelic substances, which can occasion mystical experiences, are sometimes used for religious and spiritual reasons. Despite strong links between psychedelics and spirituality, no previous systematic review has investigated connections between psychedelics and indicators of long-term spiritual growth. Thus, 34 empirical studies were analyzed with 19,724 total participants from 32 independent samples. A variety of methodologies were used among the reviewed studies, and some studies included international samples. Results showed that psychedelics—especially classic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin, LSD, and DMT)—have been studied more often in this context than other substances. Findings indicate that psychedelic use is linked with a variety of subjective indicators of spiritual growth, including stronger perceived connections with the divine, a greater sense of meaning, increased spiritual faith, increased engagement in religious and spiritual practices, an increase in feelings of unity and self-transcendence, positive changes in worldview, increased connectedness with others, and reduced fear of death. Many studies that reported on one of these indicators also reported on others, implying a co-occurrence of these facets during and after psychedelic experiences. Spiritual growth was often related to mystical experiences, with higher mystical experience ratings associating positively with perceived spiritual growth.
Unveiling field-coupled nanocomputing: Leaning molecules to shape readable bits
Authors: Ardesi Yuri , Beretta Giuliana , Mo Fabrizio , Spano Chiara Elfi , Piccinini Gianluca , Graziano Mariagrazia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMolecular field-coupled nanocomputing (molFCN) encodes information in the molecule charge distribution and elaborates it through electrostatic coupling. Despite the advantageous sub-nanometric size and low-power dissipation, only a few attempts have been made to validate the technology experimentally. One of the obstacles is the difficulty in measuring molecule charges to validate information encoding or integrate molFCN with complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS). In this work, we propose a paradigm preserving the advantages of molFCN, which exploits the position of waiving molecules to augment the information encoding. We validate the paradigm, named bend-boosted molFCN, with density functional theory using 6-(ferrocenyl)hexanethiol cations. We demonstrate that the encoded information can be electrically read by constituting a molecular junction. The paradigm is compatible with the charge-based molFCN, thus acting as a readout system. The obtained results favor the experimental assessment of the molFCN principle through scanning probe microscopy techniques and the design of molFCN-CMOS heterogeneous circuits.
The Sakhalin Climate Experiment
Authors: Beuerle Benjamin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change was long neglected by Russian politics. However, from 2019 to 2021, substantial changes were observable. During this time, climate change mitigation became both the subject of considerable debate and the launching point for a number of initiatives, with the most striking example being the case of Sakhalin. Beginning in autumn 2020, this Far Eastern island region and oblast was singled out as a Russian pilot area for various climate policies with the aim of achieving carbon-neutrality by the end of 2025. The project—which included a cap-and-trade system—was the subject of controversial debates in Russia before being supported by a federal law that was passed in early March 2022. Against all odds and despite strong objections, it was launched in September 2022. The present paper analyses the background of the Sakhalin climate experiment, the motivations behind it, and the concrete measures foreseen along the path to carbon-neutrality. Moreover, the paper evaluates the credibility of the lofty declared ambitions. In order to do so, more than 100 press reports and official announcements on the topic that appeared between mid-2020 and mid-2023 are tracked. Despite the questionable design of several key elements of the Sakhalin experiment and its sobering implementation record thus far, the fate of the experiment is of vital importance for Russian climate policy prospects as a whole.
Evolution of hadron therapy from 1935 to 2005: a personal view
Authors: Amaldi Ugo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Hadron therapy is today an established modality in cancer radiation therapy that, world-wide, is available in about hundred centres. About 90% of them are devoted to proton therapy and the rest also to carbon ion therapy. Based on the superior ballistic and radiobiological properties of fast ions, this discipline experienced a remarkable growth in the last 30 years.

Purpose
This paper reviews the history of hadron therapy starting from the initial work done at Berkeley in the 30’s.

Methods
Fast neutron therapy is not forgotten but the main accent is on the parallel development of proton and carbon ion therapy. For space reasons pion therapy, to which a lot of efforts have been devoted without success, is not discussed.

Results
The activities of the main protagonists in USA, Japan and Europe are shortly presented so that the reader can appreciate the relevance of the contribution given by each of them to the advancement of the field.

Conclusions
The review ends in 2005, when the carbon ion centres HIT in Heidelberg and CNAO in Pavia were under construction, with the aim of putting at the disposal of European citizens advanced treatments of radioresistant tumours, which cannot be effectively treated neither with X rays nor with protons.
Bioprocess Design and Technoeconomic Analysis of 2,3-Butanediol Production in Wood-Based Biorefineries
Authors: Ebrahimian Farinaz , Mohammadi Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract2,3-Butanediol (BDO) is a crucial precursor in various industries, traditionally derived from fossil resources, raising environmental concerns. This study evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of producing BDO from wood residues, a sustainable resource abundantly available in Nordic countries. By modeling a biorefinery plant with a daily capacity of 100 metric tons of wood chips, three scenarios (Sc.) were explored: Sc. 1, where BDO is the sole product; Sc. 2, where BDO is produced alongside methane and biofertilizer; and Sc. 3, which incorporates a combined heat and power system using biogas from the waste stream. The analysis emphasizes the minimum selling price (MSP) of BDO, revealing it to be lowest in Sc. 1 at USD2.97/kg, compared to USD3.20/kg and USD3.48/kg for Sc. 2 and Sc. 3, respectively. Notably, sensitivity analysis highlighted the impact of processing capacity on economic performance, suggesting a potential for higher scalability and profitability in Sc. 2. This study contributes novel insights into the role of processing capacity and fermentation yield in optimizing BDO production, providing a valuable framework for technology developers aiming to establish wood-based biorefineries. These findings not only enhance understanding of economic thresholds but also underscore the importance of resource efficiency and strategic planning in bio-based production setups.
Graphical abstract
Clinical outcomes and reintervention after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in primary sclerosing cholangitis in absence of cholangitis
Authors: Horio Ryosuke , Kato Jun , Taida Takashi , Ohta Yuki , Saito Keiko , Oyama Yuhei , Nakazawa Hayato , Mamiya Yukiyo , Goto Chihiro , Takahashi Satsuki , Ouchi Mayu , Kurosugi Akane , Sonoda Michiko , Kan Motoyasu , Kaneko Tatsuya , Nagashima Hiroki , Akizue Naoki , Takahashi Koji , Okimoto Kenichiro , Ohyama Hiroshi , Matsumura Tomoaki , Ohno Izumi , Kato Naoya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and Aim
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may help detect cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), but it may be associated with complications. This study was aimed at determining the prognostic impact of ERCP on patients with PSC without cholangitis.

Methods
Patients with PSC without cholangitis were divided into two groups: those who underwent ERCP within three years after diagnosis (ERCP-performed group) and those who did not (non-ERCP group). These groups were compared in terms of clinical outcomes (liver-related death or liver transplantation, endoscopic treatment requirement and repeated cholangitis) and the composite outcome.

Results
Of 99 patients with PSC with detailed medical history, 49 were included in the ERCP-performed group and 21 in the non-ERCP group. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the non-ERCP group was less likely to achieve the three outcomes and the composite outcome, showing statistical significance (endoscopic treatment requirement; p = 0.017 and composite outcome; p = 0.014). A Cox proportional hazards model indicated that ERCP in the asymptomatic state was a significant predictor of endoscopic treatment requirement (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–18.59) and the composite outcome (HR: 4.54, 95% CI: 1.07–19.28).

Conclusion
ERCP in patients with PSC without cholangitis is likely to require further endoscopic treatment and may be associated with poor prognosis.

Graphical Abstract
MICAL1 promotes the proliferation in acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with clinical prognosis and immune infiltration
Authors: Song Yinsen , Yang Zhenzhen , Gao Na , Zhang Bojun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common hematopoietic malignancies that has a poor prognosis and a high rate of relapse. Dysregulated metabolism plays an important role in AML progression. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of MRGs using TCGA and GEO datasets and further explore the potential function of critical MRGs in AML progression. In this study, we identified 17 survival-related differentially expressed MRGs in AML using TCGA and GEO datasets. The 150 AML samples were divided into three molecular subtypes using 17 MRGs, and we found that three molecular subtypes exhibited a different association with ferroptosis, cuproptosis and m6A related genes. Moreover, a prognostic signature that comprised nine MRGs and had good predictive capacity was established by LASSO-Cox stepwise regression analysis. Among the 17 MRGs, our attention focused on MICAL1 which was highly expressed in many types of tumors, including AML and its overexpression was also confirmed in several AML cell lines. We also found that the expression of MICAL1 was associated with several immune cells. Moreover, functional experiments revealed that knockdown of MICAL1 distinctly suppressed the proliferation of AML cells. Overall, this study not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AML but also provides potential targets and prognostic markers for AML treatment. These findings offer robust support for further research into therapeutic strategies and mechanisms related to AML, with the potential to improve the prognosis and quality of life for AML patients. Nevertheless, further research is needed to validate these findings and explore more in-depth molecular mechanisms.
A Very Public Private Matter: A Case Study of the Post-Institutional Control of Disabled Sexuality
Authors: García-Santesmases Andrea , Bahner Julia , Sanmiquel-Molinero Laura 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
This article explores how sexuality is conceptualised and managed in a Spanish residential care unit for recently injured people. The institution operates under the banner of independent living, a key belief of the international disabled people’s movement, which champions self-determination, autonomy, and control over their support.

Methods
A focused ethnography was conducted between September 2021 and February 2022, with semi-structured interviews and participant observations with the residential care unit’s service users (n = 13), staff (n = 12), and managers (n = 7).

Results
Managers and staff organise the support in ways that prevent service users’ autonomy, privacy, and intimacy, contrary to the independent living philosophy. Service users’ behaviour, relationships, and whereabouts are constantly monitored and controlled in a gendered, desexualising manner. When sexuality is discussed, it often concerns sexual assistance—a service offered by some organisations in Spain—effectively redirecting attention to a therapeutic approach and shifting focus away from institutional responsibilities towards an individual (male) issue.

Conclusions
Critical disability studies and organisational theory inform an analysis that finds the institutional policy for managing sexuality is ‘strategic ignorance’: sexuality is simultaneously silenced and controlled in the name of professionalism. This post-institutional way of organising disability services is highly gendered and desexualising, resulting in ‘anti-independence’.

Policy Implications
Residential care managers and staff should be trained to work ethically and professionally with sexual rights. Training should be based on the independent living philosophy, which empowers disabled people to take control over their lives.
A Review of Phthalates and Phenols in Landfill Environments: Occurrence, Fate and Environmental Implications
Authors: Matike Dohya Monjoa Emily , Ngole-Jeme Veroniva Mpode 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLandfilling is the preferred method of solid waste disposal globally, but landfills are sources of several pollutants including heavy metals, phthalates, phenols, and other chemicals to the environment. Phthalates and phenols are widely used in the manufacture of everyday household products and are therefore contained in leachate generated in landfills where these products are disposed. These pollutants have endocrine disruptive capabilities and are considered as priority pollutants. Knowledge of their fate in the environment is of relevance to their management and the reduction of associated human and animal exposure risk. Several studies have profiled these pollutants in wastewater, but little information is available on their presence and fate in landfill environments and surrounding soils. Further to this, their degradation pathways have mostly been reported in laboratory simulated studies where the media may not be as complex and dynamic as landfills and surrounding soil environments. The factors and processes affecting their release from waste materials in landfills and their dispersal into surrounding environments has also not been reported, yet this knowledge is relevant for the design of any remediation measures. This article reviews the sources, occurrence, and degradation of phenols and phthalates in landfilled wastes and landfill leachate, and the factors influencing their fate in the landfill and surrounding soils contaminated with landfill leachates. We conclude with a discussion on the exposure pathways and exposure routes of these compounds from landfills to humans and the associated health risk and possible future research opportunities.
Fractional-order strain of an infinite annular cylinder based on Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivatives under hyperbolic two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity theory
Authors: Youssef Hamd M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA new mathematical model of a thermoelastic annular cylinder that is infinite, isotropic, and homogeneous has been constructed in this paper. The model is developed within the framework of the theory of hyperbolic two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity, considering fractional-order strain applying Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio derivatives with fractional order. The inside pounding surface of the cylinder is subjected to a thermal shock, while the outer pounding surface remains unaffected in terms of temperature increment and volumetric strain. Once the governing equations were derived, The Laplace transforms were utilized, and their inversions were obtained numerically by using the Tzou iteration method. The numerical results of solutions have been represented in different figures. Various values of fractional-order parameters and two-temperature parameters have been used to illustrate their effect on the mechanical and thermal waves. Stress, strain, and displacement distributions are all profoundly affected by the fractional-order parameter; however, the conductive and dynamic temperatures are unaffected. The results of this work lead to the fact that the mechanical and thermal waves propagate at finite speeds when the hyperbolic two-temperature model is applied.
Integrating equity indicators for hospital reporting metrics
Authors: Allen-Valley Aliya , Bains Shalu , Rai Karen , Summan Nirmal , Eleid May , Buajitti Emmalin , Rosella Laura C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDisparities in healthcare delivery and design are deeply-rooted within healthcare systems globally. Many researchers have developed methods to measure inequity; however, there currently exists no accepted measurement approach implemented consistently across health systems. We applied the model-based Relative Index of Inequality (RII) as a measure of inequity at one of Canada’s largest health systems, Trillium Health Partners, across two service types: planned and outpatient. Our RII estimates suggest that the lowest-SES individuals received planned and outpatient services at rates 2.4 times and 2.5 times lower than the highest-SES individuals, respectively. Across both service types, the largest disparity was for breast cancer screening, where patients from the lowest-SES neighbourhoods were 5.4 times less likely to use this service at THP. These findings further underscore the importance of consistently measuring and monitoring inequities to develop effective strategies to address the health needs of patients from lower SES neighbourhoods. The approach used within this study should be considered for widespread integration into health system reporting metrics.