bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A practical guide to Bayesian group sequential designs
Authors: Gsponer Thomas , Gerber Florian , Bornkamp Björn , Ohlssen David , Vandemeulebroecke Marc , Schmidli Heinz 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBayesian approaches to the monitoring of group sequential designs have two main advantages compared with classical group sequential designs: first, they facilitate implementation of interim success and futility criteria that are tailored to the subsequent decision making, and second, they allow inclusion of prior information on the treatment difference and on the control group. A general class of Bayesian group sequential designs is presented, where multiple criteria based on the posterior distribution can be defined to reflect clinically meaningful decision criteria on whether to stop or continue the trial at the interim analyses. To evaluate the frequentist operating characteristics of these designs, both simulation methods and numerical integration methods are proposed, as implemented in the corresponding R package gsbDesign. Normal approximations are used to allow fast calculation of these characteristics for various endpoints. The practical implementation of the approach is illustrated with several clinical trial examples from different phases of drug development, with various endpoints, and informative priors. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust output regulation and the preservation of polynomial closed‐loop stability
Authors: Paunonen Lassi , Pohjolainen S. 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we study the robust output regulation problem for distributed parameter systems with infinite‐dimensional exosystems. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the several advantages of using a controller that achieves polynomial closed‐loop stability, instead of a one stabilizing the closed‐loop system strongly. In particular, the most serious unresolved issue related to strongly stabilizing controllers is that they do not possess any known robustness properties. In this paper, we apply recent results on the robustness of polynomial stability of semigroups to show that, on the other hand, many controllers achieving polynomial closed‐loop stability are robust with respect to large and easily identifiable classes of perturbations to the parameters of the plant. We construct an observer based feedback controller that stabilizes the closed‐loop system polynomially and solves the robust output regulation problem. Subsequently, we derive concrete conditions for finite rank perturbations of the plant's parameters to preserve the closed‐loop stability and the output regulation property. The theoretical results are illustrated with an example where we consider the problem of robust output tracking for a one‐dimensional heat equation.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transforming Nursing Practice: Barriers and Solutions
Authors: Kunic Russell J. , Jackson Denise 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAll nurses should practice to the full extent of their education and training. This key message from the Institute of Medicine report, The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, applies to all RNs. Barriers need to come down that prevent nurses from reaching their full potential at a time when the US health care system needs to be operating at full capacity. With the focus of US health care shifting toward promoting wellness, preventing disease, and managing chronic conditions better, the role that nurses play in coordinating care will increase. As key members of health care provider teams, nurses’ contributions to the delivery of safe, high‐quality, cost‐effective, and patient‐centered care must be recognized and valued. For nurses to realize their full potential in new models of health care delivery, a transformation of nursing practice will need to occur. This overview demonstrates how professional nurses should prepare and contribute to critical changes needed in health care reform.
Perioperative Nursing and Education: What the IOM Future of Nursing Report Tells Us
Authors: Battié Renae N. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractChanges in the current health care system have rendered the system unprepared to support new demands. Similarly, nursing education both before and after licensure is no longer adequate. Four of the eight recommendations in the Institute of Medicine's Future of Nursing report involve changes to nursing education and pose significant goals to achieve. This makes creating innovative ways to meet the demand for educating RNs a necessity. This article discusses the Institute of Medicine's recommendations, how they relate to perioperative nursing, and ways in which nurses and educators can help promote expectations.
The IOM Report on the Future of Nursing: What Perioperative Nurses Need to Know
Authors: Battié Renae N. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe 2010 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, continues to be the most‐viewed report in IOM history. Nearly three years after its publication, there are action coalitions of nursing and non‐nursing agencies in 50 states and the District of Columbia collaborating to move the eight recommendations for action forward. There is much work to do to reshape health care delivery in the United States, and the IOM has identified nurses as key leaders in driving the reform. Every nurse must be educated on the key messages of the IOM report and become involved in moving these recommendations forward as well as in educating others on what needs to be done. AORN and perioperative nurses have a key role in voicing the unique needs of perioperative patients and in ensuring that perioperative patient care is represented in reform activities.
High apolipoprotein E in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Lewy body disorders is associated with dementia
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Swetha , Maetzler Walter , Reimold Matthias , Lithner Christina Unger , Liepelt‐Scarfone Inga , Berg Daniela , Darreh‐Shori Taher 
Published: August 2013

AbstractApolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE ε4) increases the apolipoprotein E (apoE) protein levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Thus, we hypothesized that apoE levels were also associated with the APOE genotype, and amyloid‐β (Aβ)‐associated clinical, functional, and imaging parameters in patients with Lewy body‐associated disorders (LBD). Indeed, similar to AD, patients with LBD displayed high CSF apoE levels (greatest in patients with dementia with LBD), and this was linked to APOE ε4. High CSF apoE protein correlated positively with CSF soluble amyloid precursor protein, total tau, and cortical and striatal Pittsburgh compound B retention; and correlated negatively with CSF Aβ42, cognitive tests scores, and glucose uptake ratio in the temporal and parietal cortices. APOE ε4‐triggered accumulation of apoE in CSF is related to Aβ‐associated clinical and functional imaging parameters in LBD. Accordingly, therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing apoE levels in the brain should be explored not only in AD but also in LBD, particularly when accompanied with dementia.
A platform for discovery: The University of Pennsylvania Integrated Neurodegenerative Disease Biobank
Authors: Toledo Jon B. , Van Deerlin Vivianna M. , Lee Edward B. , Suh EunRan , Baek Young , Robinson John L. , Xie Sharon X. , McBride Jennifer , Wood Elisabeth M. , Schuck Theresa , Irwin David J. , Gross Rachel G. , Hurtig Howard , McCluskey Leo , Elman Lauren , Karlawish Jason , Schellenberg Gerard , Chen‐Plotkin Alice , Wolk David , Grossman Murray , Arnold Steven E. , Shaw Leslie M. , Lee Virginia M.‐Y. , Trojanowski John Q. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are defined by the accumulation of abnormal protein deposits in the central nervous system (CNS), and only neuropathological examination enables a definitive diagnosis. Brain banks and their associated scientific programs have shaped the actual knowledge of NDs, identifying and characterizing the CNS deposits that define new diseases, formulating staging schemes, and establishing correlations between neuropathological changes and clinical features. However, brain banks have evolved to accommodate the banking of biofluids as well as DNA and RNA samples. Moreover, the value of biobanks is greatly enhanced if they link all the multidimensional clinical and laboratory information of each case, which is accomplished, optimally, using systematic and standardized operating procedures, and in the framework of multidisciplinary teams with the support of a flexible and user‐friendly database system that facilitates the sharing of information of all the teams in the network. We describe a biobanking system that is a platform for discovery research at the Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research at the University of Pennsylvania.
Initial Physical Grades and Cognitive Stages After Acute Stroke: Who Receives Comprehensive Rehabilitation Services?
Authors: Stineman Margaret G. , Bates Barbara E. , Kurichi Jibby E. , Kwong Pui L. , Ripley Diane Cowper , Vogel W. Bruce , Xie Dawei 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesTo study the degree to which initial physical grades and cognitive stages of independence assessed by physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) staff early after hospitalization for acute stroke relate to the decision to either provide rehabilitation in consultation or admission to a specialized rehabilitation unit (SRU) for comprehensive, high‐intensity, multidisciplinary rehabilitation.DesignAn observational study.SettingEarly rehabilitation assessment by PM&R staff during patients' acute hospitalization for stroke in 112 Veterans Affairs facilities.PatientsThe sample included 8,783 veterans who were assessed by PM&R staff.MethodsShortly after hospital admission, functional status was determined according to 7 physical grades and 7 cognitive stages of increasing independence. Patients' physical grades and cognitive stages ranged at initial PM&R assessment from the lowest and most dependent “I” through intermediate “II, III, IV, V, or VI,” and ended with the highest at total independence “VII.” To assess the statistically independent effects of physical grade and cognitive stage, a multivariable generalized estimating equation was applied to account for within Veterans Affairs facilities correlation and to adjust for demographics, stroke type, comorbidities, clinical events before PM&R assessment, and facility‐related factors.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe decision to admit patients to an SRU for comprehensive rehabilitation.ResultsOnly 11.2% of those patients assessed after stroke were admitted to an SRU after the acute management phase. After statistical adjustment, patients at the lowest physical grade (I) of independence had a 9‐fold increased odds of admission to an SRU compared with those at the highest combined physical grades VI/VII (adjusted odds ratio 9.15, 95% confidence interval 4.31‐19.39). In contrast, patients at intermediate cognitive stages of independence were the most likely to be admitted to an SRU. The presence of an SRU within the treating Veterans Affairs facility was strongly related to admission.ConclusionsPatients' physical grades and cognitive stages assessed early after stroke are strong determinants of referral for comprehensive rehabilitation.
Triassic stratigraphy of the Eastern Laptev Sea coast and New Siberian Islands
Authors: Konstantinov A.G. , Sobolev E.S. , Yadrenkin A.V. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Studies of the paleontology and stratigraphy of the Triassic strata from the Lena–Olenek interfluve area and Kotelny Island have important implications for improving the accuracy of interregional and global correlations, refining the Boreal standard and international stratigraphic scale for the Triassic System. The importance of this study is also underlined by the necessity of refining the stratigraphic basis for regional geological exploration in Arctic zone that now became the focus for building the country’s strategic resource base. Analysis of recent paleontological and stratigraphic data from key Triassic sections in the Laptev Sea coastal region provides new age constraints for the Triassic strata based on different faunal groups. The Triassic stratigraphic scheme for the region has been refined using new data on the paleontology, thickness variations, and boundaries of local stratigraphic subdivisions.
Jurassic and Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Anabar area (Arctic Siberia, Laptev Sea coast) and the Boreal zonal standard
Authors: Nikitenko B.L. , Shurygin B.N. , Knyazev V.G. , Meledina S.V. , Dzyuba O.S. , Lebedeva N.K. , Peshchevitskaya E.B. , Glinskikh L.A. , Goryacheva A.A. , Khafaeva S.N. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Recent integrated studies of Mesozoic reference sections of the Anabar area (northern Middle Siberia, Laptev Sea coast) and the reinterpretation of all the previous data on a modern stratigraphic basis permit considerable improvement of the bio- and lithostratigraphic division and facies zoning of Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments in the region. Analysis of abundant paleontological data allows the development or considerable improvement of zonal scales for ammonites, belemnites, bivalves, foraminifers, ostracods, dinocysts, and terrestrial palynomorphs from several Jurassic and Cretaceous intervals. All the zonal scales have been calibrated against one another and against regional ammonite scale. Reference levels of different scales useful for interregional correlation have been defined and substantiated based on the analysis of lateral distribution of fossils in different regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It provides the possibilities to propose and consider parallel zonal scales within the Boreal zonal standard for the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. A combination of these scales forms an integrated biostratigraphic basis for a detailed division of Boreal-type sediments regardless of the place of their formation and for the comparison with the international stratigraphic standard as far as a possible use of a set of reference levels for correlation.
Concerning tectonics and the tectonic evolution of the Arctic
Authors: Vernikovsky V.A. , Dobretsov N.L. , Metelkin D.V. , Matushkin N.Yu. , Koulakov I.Yu. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The particularities of the current tectonic structure of the Russian part of the Arctic region are discussed with the division into the Barents–Kara and Laptev–Chukchi continental margins. We demonstrate new geological data for the key structures of the Arctic, which are analyzed with consideration of new geophysical data (gravitational and magnetic), including first seismic tomography models for the Arctic. Special attention is given to the New Siberian Islands block, which includes the De Long Islands, where field work took place in 2011. Based on the analysis of the tectonic structure of key units, of new geological and geophysical information and our paleomagnetic data for these units, we considered a series of paleogeodynamic reconstructions for the arctic structures from Late Precambrian to Late Paleozoic. This paper develops the ideas of L.P. Zonenshain and L.M. Natapov on the Precambrian Arctida paleocontinent. We consider its evolution during the Late Precambrian and the entire Paleozoic and conclude that the blocks that parted in the Late Precambrian (Svalbard, Kara, New Siberian, etc.) formed a Late Paleozoic subcontinent, Arctida II, which again “sutured” the continental masses of Laurentia, Siberia, and Baltica, this time, within Pangea.
Mesozoic–Cenozoic volcanism and geodynamic events in the Central and Eastern Arctic
Authors: Dobretsov N.L. , Vernikovsky V.A. , Karyakin Yu.V. , Korago E.A. , Simonov V.A. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The patterns and history of Mesozoic–Cenozoic plume magmatism in the Arctic is considered in relation with suprasubduction volcanism and geodynamic events. The Mesozoic–Cenozoic magmatic history of the area includes seven stages, distinguished by correlation of ages and compositions of volcanics associated with mid-ocean rifting, plumes, and subduction; three of seven stages correspond to global events at 230–200 Ma, 130–120 Ma, and 40–30 Ma. The reported study supports the inferred inverse correlation between plate velocities and amount of subduction-related volcanism. The gained knowledge is used for paleotectonic reconstructions in the Arctic.
Dynamics of the Arctic and adjacent petroleum basins: a record of plume and rifting activity
Authors: Dobretsov N.L. , Polyansky O.P. , Reverdatto V.V. , Babichev A.V. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic history of high-latitude petroleum and coal basins is investigated and compared with the history of plume magmatism in the same areas. The sedimentation rates in all discussed cases are proven to be the fastest (more than 100 m per 1 Myr) during rifting events. Other peaks of rapid deposition may be associated with collisional mountain growth and/or climate change.
Mineralogical criteria for the diamond potential of Upper Triassic placers on the northeastern margin of the Siberian Platform
Authors: Sobolev N.V. , Logvinova A.M. , Nikolenko E.I. , Lobanov S.S. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Representative sampling of a diamond-bearing basal horizon in the Carnian Stage (Upper Triassic) on the northeastern margin of the Siberian Platform revealed a wide spectrum of indicator minerals, first of all, garnets, whose compositions are the same as in the inclusions in the regional diamonds. Of special interest are garnets of potential eclogite paragenesis with an abnormally high impurity of MnO (0.5–3.2 wt.%), which was earlier detected in more than 20% of garnets present as inclusions in diamonds of northern Quaternary placers and recommended as a new mineralogical criterion for diamond presence. Subcalcic Cr-pyropes of dunite–harzburgite paragenesis were also found in variable amounts, from 0.7 to 3.9 rel.%, in the sample of 973 grains of pyropes of lherzolite and websterite parageneses. Three grains contain 11.9, 12.6, and 16 wt.% Cr2O3, which corresponds to the presence of 30–34% of Mg–Cr-knorringite component. Such pyropes have been revealed for the first time in the study region. Cr-spinels are a mixture of compositions typical of kimberlites and the regional alkali-ultrabasic rocks. All studied samples contain picroilmenites with a variable content of Cr2O3 impurity. Since Mg–Fe–Ca-garnets with Mg# &lt; 35 can be partly hosted in metamorphic rocks of the Anabar Shield, the elevated content of Na2O impurity (&gt;0.09 wt.%) was also taken into account. The different contents of indicator minerals in the samples might be due to the variable composition of the diamond orebodies. The Carnian placers call for new systematic sampling. Special attention should be given to estimation of the composition of garnets of presumably eclogite paragenesis with elevated contents of TiO2, MnO, CaO, and Na2O and to search for perovskite and Nb-containing rutile. These minerals, together with zircons, are of interest for determining the U–Pb isotopic age of probable diamond orebodies—kimberlites.
Initial geologic hydrocarbon resources of the Laptev Sea shelf
Authors: Safronov A.F. , Sivtsev A.I. , Chalaya O.N. , Zueva I.N. , Sokolov A.N. , Fradkin G.S. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Formation of the passive continental margin of the Laptev Sea (Laptev Plate), which was part of the Siberian Platform till the Late Cretaceous, was related to the Late Mesozoic–Cenozoic rifting of the Arctic geodepression. The regime of the passive continental margin still continues. The maximum thickness of the deposits of this age seems to exceed 6 km in the northeastern part of the shelf. The hydrocarbon resources of the Late Precambrian–Cenozoic deposits forming the Laptev Plate cover are evaluated. Based on the concept of the similar evolution of the Laptev Plate and Vilyui syneclise, the geochemical characteristics of dispersed organic matter of the coeval deposits of the Vilyui syneclise are used.
Two‐stage micro‐grid inverter with high‐voltage gain for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Ahmed Mahrous El‐Sayed , Orabi Mohamed , AbdelRahim Omar Mohamed 
Published: August 2013

This study proposes a new two‐stage high voltage gain boost grid‐connected inverter for AC‐module photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed system consists of a high‐voltage gain switched inductor boost inverter cascaded with a current shaping (CS) circuit followed by an H‐bridge inverter as a folded circuit and its switches operate at line frequency. The switched inductor boost converter (SIBC) has one switch operates like a continuous conduction mode. The maximum power of the PV module is achieved through the SIBC circuit whereas the grid connection requirements are accomplished using the CS circuit with the H‐bridge inverter. The switch of the CS circuit is controlled with a sine wave modulation control scheme. The main advantages of the new proposed system are high boosting gain, lower switching losses and reduces the ground leakage current as all H‐bridge switches operate at the line frequency. A 120 W prototype has been built and experimentally tested. It has been found that experimental results have a good matching with the proposed analysis and simulation results.
Interleaved non‐isolated high step‐up DC/DC converter based on the diode–capacitor multiplier
Authors: Zhou Luo‐wei , Zhu Bin‐xin , Luo Quan‐ming , Chen Si 
Published: August 2013

A kind of interleaved non‐isolated high step‐up DC/DC converter is presented in this study. The converter consists of two basic Boost cells and some diode–capacitor multiplier (DCM) cells as needed. Because of the DCM cells, the voltage conversion ratio is enlarged and the extreme large duty ratio can be avoided in the high step‐up applications. Moreover, the voltage stress of all the power devices is greatly lower than the output voltage. As a result, lower‐voltage‐rated power devices can be employed, and higher efficiency can be expected. Since the two basic Boost cells are controlled by the interleaving method, which means the phase difference between the two pulse width moderlation (PWM) signals is 180° and the input current is the sums of the two inductor currents, the input current ripple is decreased and the size of the input filter could be reduced, which make it a suitable choice in the photovoltaic power generation system and hybrid electric vehicles, etc. Finally, the experimental results from a 300 W, 30–400 V laboratory prototype are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
NextGenMap: fast and accurate read mapping in highly polymorphic genomes
Authors: Sedlazeck Fritz J. , Rescheneder Philipp , von Haeseler Arndt 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Summary: When choosing a read mapper, one faces the trade off between speed and the ability to map reads in highly polymorphic regions. Here, we report NextGenMap, a fast and accurate read mapper, which reduces this dilemma. NextGenMap aligns reads reliably to a reference genome even when the sequence difference between target and reference genome is large, i.e. highly polymorphic genome. At the same time, NextGenMap outperforms current mapping methods with respect to runtime and to the number of correctly mapped reads. NextGenMap efficiently uses the available hardware by exploiting multi-core CPUs as well as graphic cards (GPUs), if available. In addition, NextGenMap handles automatically any read data independent of read length and sequencing technology.
Availability: NextGenMap source code and documentation are available at: http://cibiv.github.io/NextGenMap/
Contact: fritz.sedlazeck@univie.ac.at
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.