bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Mn4+/Mn2+ Contribution in High‐Voltage Zn–MnO2 Batteries Enabled by an Al3+‐Ion Electrolyte
Authors: Chang Xingqi , Chacón‐Borrero Jesús , Shang Jian , Xiao Ke , Montaña‐Mora Guillem , Mejia‐Centeno Karol V. , Lu Xuan , Yu Ao , Yu Jing , Zhou Xiaolong , Tunmee Sarayut , Kidkhunthod Pinit , Cui Changcai , Li Junshan , Tang Yongbing , Martínez‐Alanis Paulina R. , Arbiol Jordi , Cabot Andreu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRechargeable aqueous Zn–MnO2 batteries are attracting attention as a cost‐effective and safe energy storage solution, but their commercialization faces challenges due to limited stability, output voltage, and energy density. Herein, a hybrid‐ion Zn–MnO2 system with enhanced Mn4+/Mn2+ electrochemical contribution is introduced using an Al3+‐based electrolyte. Compared with conventional Zn2+ electrolytes, the hybrid Al3+/Zn2+ cell offers higher output voltage of 1.75 V, capacities up to 469 mAh g−1, and outstanding energy densities up to ≈730 Wh kg−1 at 0.3 A g−1. Besides, the Al3+‐enabled Zn–MnO2 battery shows 100% capacity and energy density retention after 10,000 cycles at 2 A g−1. Even at a high mass–loading of 6.2 mg cm−2, a capacity of ≈200 mAh g−1 is maintained for over 100 cycles. This outstanding performance is related to the contribution of different intercalation and reaction mechanisms, as proved by the combination of electrochemical analysis and ex‐situ x‐ray diffraction characterization of the cells at different discharge stages. Al3+ ions, as Lewis strong acid, contribute to capacity in two significant ways: through a highly reversible intercalation/de‐intercalation that substantially boosts capacitance at low current rates, and promoting the Mn4+/Mn2+ reaction aided by H+ that dominates the capacitance at higher current rates. Overall, this work demonstrates a practical Zn–MnO2 battery with a high potential for low‐cost stationary energy storage habilitated by multiple ion co‐intercalation.
Metal–Organic Frameworks with Axial Cobalt–Oxygen Coordination Modulate Polysulfide Redox for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Lv Qingliang , Sun Yinjing , Li Bin , Li Caixia , Zhang Qi , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough the ultrahigh theoretical energy density and cost‐effectiveness, lithium–sulfur (Li‐S) batteries suffer from sluggish conversion kinetics and the shuttling effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Herein, conductive hexagonal cobalt‐organic framework (Co‐HTP) nanosheets are anchored in situ on carboxyl graphene (CG) substrates and serve as host catalysts to modulate the polysulfide redox. Substantial characterizations identify that the local coordination environment of the quadrilateral Co–N4 units transforms into an asymmetric penta‐coordinated O–Co–N4 with axial Co─O coordination, which triggers spin polarization and remarkable electron delocalization of Co 3d orbital. The higher spin state and lower local electron density of the O–Co–N4 sites induce more active electronic states in Co‐HTP/CG and facilitate orbital hybridization with polysulfides to form more stable bond orders. Such optimized electronic structure significantly accelerates redox kinetics and enhances the adsorption strength of polysulfides. These merit the lithium–sulfur battery based on Co‐HTP/CG with a high reversible capacity, impressive rate capability, and prolonged cycling performance over 500 cycles. This work will enrich the design philosophy of modulating the spintronic structure of electrocatalysts for advanced Li–S batteries and beyond.
Supply responsive scheduling for ethylene cracking furnace systems based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Li Haoran , Qiu Tong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEthylene is one of the most important chemicals, and scheduling optimization is crucial for the profitability of ethylene cracking furnace systems. With the diversification of feedstocks and the high variability in prices, supply chain fluctuations pose significant challenges to the scheduling decisions. Dynamically responding to these fluctuations has become crucial. Traditional mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) models lack the capability of supply chain response, while receding horizon optimization (RHO) models require parameter prediction and repeated optimization solving. To address this challenge, we propose a deep reinforcement learning‐based framework that includes an ethylene dynamic scheduling environment and a decision agent based on deep Q‐network. Across three test cases, compared to the MINLP and RHO models, this framework significantly minimizes losses caused by supply chain fluctuations, thereby increasing daily average net profits by 9%–27%, demonstrating its significant potential for application in responsive scheduling in the presence of supply chain fluctuations.
Gold recovery through synergetic adsorption and reduction using acid–base additive‐reinforced tubular carbon nanofibers
Authors: Ahmad Mudasir , Al‐Anazi Menier , Tariq Muhammad Rizwan , Khan Idrees , Zhang Baoling 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn response to the increasing demand for gold in electronic manufacturing, this study addresses the urgent need for gold recycling from electronic waste (E‐waste) to ensure the environment and energy safety. This study focuses on the preparation of the tubular carbon nanofibers (TCNFs) integrating NH4+ and SO3− groups into TCNF‐SO3−‐NH4+, which exhibited remarkable gold adsorption capacity (2003.25 ± 0.23 mg/g) and selectivity (Kd; 41.7 × 103 mL/g) at lower pH. TCNF‐SO3−‐NH4+ achieved a 99.77% gold adsorption efficiency under lower pH conditions (pH = 1) from E‐waste. The adsorption capacity reached 3.54 ± 0.11 mg/g at an initial concentration of 0.85 mg/L. The results highlight the efficacy of TCNF‐SO3−‐NH4+ for extracting gold and other precious metal ions from E‐waste, presenting a promising solution for clean energy and environmental protection.
Case report of recurrent vasa previa
Authors: Wang Michelle J. , Duffy Cassandra R. , Oyelese Yinka 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionVasa previa is a complication of pregnancy, which affects approximately 1:1200 pregnancies, and when undiagnosed prenatally, it can be associated with significant perinatal mortality. This condition is thought to be a sporadic entity without known genetic or familial associations and thus considered to carry a negligible recurrence risk.Key FindingsWe present a case of a 42‐year‐old gravida 3 para 2 diagnosed on transvaginal ultrasound with a vasa previa at 34 weeks associated with vaginal bleeding, which required an urgent caesarean in a prior spontaneous pregnancy. In the current pregnancy conceived with in vitro fertilisation, she was again diagnosed with a vasa previa at 30 weeks’ gestation at transvaginal ultrasound. She ultimately delivered at 37 weeks’ gestation via an uncomplicated repeat caesarean.DiscussionPatients with vasa previa in one pregnancy may be at risk for recurrence in subsequent pregnancy and thus should be screened in future pregnancies. Further research should be done to explore and identify any risk factors for recurrence of vasa previa.
Solution‐Processable MOF‐on‐MOF System Constructed via Template‐Assisted Growth for Ultratrace H2S Detection
Authors: Wu Xuanhao , Tian Xin , Zhang Wanglin , Peng Xiaoyan , Zhou Siyuan , Buenconsejo Pio John S. , Li Yi , Xiao Song , Tao Jifang , Zhang Mingming , Yuan Hongye 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConductive metal–organic frameworks (c‐MOFs) hold promise for highly sensitive sensing systems due to their conductivity and porosity. However, the fabrication of c‐MOF thin films with controllable morphology, thickness, and preferential orientation remains a formidable yet ubiquitous challenge. Herein, we propose an innovative template‐assisted strategy for constructing MOF‐on‐MOF (Ni3(HITP)2/NUS‐8 (HITP: 2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexamino‐tri (p‐phenylene))) systems with good electrical conductivity, porosity, and solution processability. Leveraging the 2D nature and solution processability of NUS‐8, we achieve the controllable self‐assembly of Ni3(HITP)2 on NUS‐8 nanosheets, producing solution‐processable Ni3(HITP)2/NUS‐8 nanosheets with a film conductivity of 1.55×10−3 S ⋅ cm−1 at room temperature. Notably, the excellent solution processability facilitates the fabrication of large‐area thin films and printing of intricate patterns with good uniformity, and the Ni3(HITP)2/NUS‐8‐based system can monitor finger bending. Gas sensors based on Ni3(HITP)2/NUS‐8 exhibit high sensitivity (LOD~6 ppb) and selectivity towards ultratrace H2S at room temperature, attributed to the coupling between Ni3(HITP)2 and NUS‐8 and the redox reaction with H2S. This approach not only unlocks the potential of stacking different MOF layers in a sequence to generate functionalities that cannot be achieved by a single MOF, but also provides novel avenues for the scalable integration of MOFs in miniaturized devices with salient sensing performance.
Cell‐Specific Optical Control of AMPA Glutamate Receptors with a Photoswitchable Tethered Antagonist
Authors: Leippe Philipp , Donthamsetti Prashant , Ko Tongil , Stanley Cherise , Isacoff Ehud , Trauner Dirk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAMPA receptors (AMPARs) are the main drivers of excitatory glutamatergic transmission in the brain, central to synaptic plasticity, and are key drug targets. However, AMPARs are expressed in virtually every neuron in the central nervous system and are activated with complex temporal dynamics, making it difficult to determine their functional roles with sufficient precision. Here we describe a cell specific, light‐controllable competitive antagonist for the AMPA receptor called MP‐GluAblock that combines the temporal precision of a photo‐switchable ligand with the spatial and cellular specificity of a genetically‐encoded membrane‐anchor protein. This tool could pave the way for controlling endogenous AMPARs in neural circuits with cellular, spatial, and temporal specificity.
6‐Hydroxy Picolinohydrazides Promoted Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Hydroxylation Reaction in Water: Machine‐Learning Accelerated Ligands Design and Reaction Optimization
Authors: Xu Lanting , Zhu Jiazhou , Shen Xiaodong , Chai Jiashuang , Shi Lei , Wu Bin , Li Wei , Ma Dawei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydroxylated (hetero)arenes are privileged motifs in natural products, materials, small‐molecule pharmaceuticals and serve as versatile intermediates in synthetic organic chemistry. Herein, we report an efficient Cu(I)/6‐hydroxy picolinohydrazide‐catalyzed hydroxylation reaction of (hetero)aryl halides (Br, Cl) in water. By establishing machine learning (ML) models, the design of ligands and optimization of reaction conditions were effectively accelerated. The N‐(1,3‐dimethyl‐9H‐ carbazol‐9‐yl)‐6‐hydroxypicolinamide (L32, 6‐HPA‐DMCA) demonstrated high efficiency for (hetero)aryl bromides, promoting hydroxylation reactions with a minimal catalyst loading of 0.01 mol % (100 ppm) at 80 °C to reach 10000 TON; for substrates containing sensitive functional groups, the catalyst loading needs to be increased to 3.0 mol % under near‐room temperature conditions. N‐(2,7‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)‐6‐hydroxypicolinamide (L42, 6‐HPA‐DTBCA) displayed superior reaction activity for chloride substrates, enabling hydroxylation reactions at 100 °C with 2–3 mol % catalyst loading. These represent the state of art for both lowest catalyst loading and temperature in the copper‐catalyzed hydroxylation reactions. Furthermore, this method features a sustainable and environmentally friendly solvent system, accommodates a wide range of substrates, and shows potential for developing robust and scalable synthesis processes for key pharmaceutical intermediates.
Multimodal Molecular Motion in the Rotaxanes and Catenanes Incorporating Flexible Calix[n]phyrin Stations
Authors: Grzelczak Rafał A. , Basak Tymoteusz , Trzaskowski Bartosz , Kinzhybalo Vasyl , Szyszko Bartosz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of [2]rotaxanes stoppered with one or two dipyrromethane groups has opened a route for the construction of mechanically interlocked molecules incorporating various porphyrinoid stations. The exploitation of those precursors allowed the creation of [3]rotaxanes and [2]catenanes based on the calix[4]phyrin motif, presenting intriguing molecular dynamics. The intrinsic flexibility of the porphyrinoid allowed the introduction of a new type of molecular motion within the rotaxanes, termed fluttering. The latter involved a bending of the axle, interconverting two angular‐shaped stereoisomers of the rotaxane through a planarised transition state. Simple chemical transformations, i.e. methylation and (de)protonation of the [3]rotaxane and [2]catenane allowed controllable transformations within the conformationally flexible calix[4]phyrin‐incorporated mechanically interlocked porphyrinoids.
Clinical Issues — September 2024
Authors: Jones Emily 
Published: August 2024

THIS MONTH
Selecting nonsterile sharps disposal containers
Key words: sharps safety, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), bloodborne pathogens, occupational exposure, disposal container.
Life support certification requirements for perioperative RNs
Key words: basic life support, advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), cardiopulmonary resuscitation, certification, training.
Using crisis checklists in the perioperative environment
Key words: emergency manuals, cognitive aids, clinical emergencies, crew resource management, crisis checklist.
Walking patients to the OR
Key words: fall prevention, fall risk, mobility assessment, safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM), ambulate.
Investigating the utility of the AQ‐10 in children and adolescents assessed in an outpatient ARFID clinic
Authors: Archibald Tanith , Willmott Emma , Kelly Cate , Bradbury Louise , Hugo Pippa , Bryant‐Waugh Rachel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe high co‐occurrence of autism and eating disorders is well established, including for those with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID). It is therefore important to consider autism and identify possible autism when people present to eating disorder services to ascertain whether further assessment is indicated, to support clinical formulation and to make appropriate adaptations during interventions. This paper explores the utility of a validated autism screening measure, the AQ‐10, in a population of children and adolescents who presented to an outpatient eating disorders clinic for an assessment of possible ARFID. Over 19 months, 335 young people were assessed and 246 families with children aged between 4 and 17 years completed one of three versions of the AQ‐10 (Child, Adolescent, and Adult), as part of a battery of routinely administered pre‐assessment questionnaires. Results indicated that 80.2% (n = 69) of those with an existing autism diagnosis scored above clinical threshold of ≥6 (M = 7.2, SD = 1.9), 43.9% (n = 43) of those queried to be autistic scored above clinical threshold (M = 5.2, SD = 2.5), and 6.5% (n = 4) of non‐autistic individuals scored above clinical threshold (M = 2.8, SD = 1.8). Additionally, the AQ‐10 satisfactorily discriminated between those with a known autism diagnosis and those who are not autistic across all age groups and sex. We conclude that the AQ‐10, alongside a comprehensive clinical assessment and clinical judgment, is a useful screening tool that can support clinicians to identify appropriate onward referrals for autism assessments, aid clinical formulation, and consider appropriate adaptations and reasonable adjustments during ARFID interventions.
Multielectron Transfer in Halogen Batteries
Authors: Li Pei , Wang Yiqiao , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMultielectron transfer in halogen batteries is a promising solution in pursuing high‐energy‐density and affordable energy storage systems. Interest in rich chemistries derived from unique valence electron structures of halogens is surging in electrode material design. However, deploying multielectron transfer chemistry comes with challenges, including limited redox reactivity and degrees of electrochemical irreversibility, which contribute to poor charging and cycling. To address these challenges, researchers explore physical/chemical strategies to activate high valence reactions and more electron transfer numbers and fix unstable valence state species through electrolyte and electrode regulation. This Concept presents the basic understanding of multielectron transfer electrochemistry concerning theoretical energy capabilities and electronic configuration evolutions. We divide multielectron transfer into two types: single and multi‐redox centers, providing an overview of the current development of multielectron transfer and hoping it will spur more intensive efforts towards a diverse energy future.
Paternal Valproate Treatment and Risk of Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Precautionary Regulatory Measures Are Insufficiently Substantiated
Authors: Garey Joan D. , Damkier Per , Scialli Anthony R. , Lusskin Shari , Braddock Stephen R. , Chouchana Laurent , Cleary Brian , Conover Elizabeth A. , Diav‐Citrin Orna , Dragovich Rachel S. , Garcia‐Bournissen Facundo , Hodson Ken , Kennedy Debra , Lamm Steven H. , Lavigne Sharon A. , Običan Sarah G. , Panchaud Alice , Perrotta Kirstie , Romeo Alfred N. , Shechtman Svetlana , Weber‐Schoendorfer Corinna 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTOn January 12, 2024 the safety committee of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommended precautionary measures over a potential risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children born to men treated with valproate. These new measures recommend patient supervision by a specialist in the management of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, or migraine. In the United Kingdom, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) issued a far more stringent precaution, warning against prescribing valproate to anyone under 55 years of age. We, members of the European Network of Teratology Information Services (ENTIS) and the Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS), believe that the EMA and MHRA warnings were premature. We are of the opinion that the underlying scientific data do not convincingly substantiate the inference of a paternally mediated risk from valproate to children, much less to an extent that justifies these far‐reaching recommendations.
Synthesis of sildenafil and its derivatives bearing pyrazolo‐pyrimidinones scaffold
Authors: Lee Seung Su , Oh Chang Ho 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe pyrazole ring structure is extensively spotted as a pharmacophore and fortify‐cation of the modern organic synthesis toolbox, which demands synthetic tactics to generate its derivatives. Especially, pyrazolo‐pyrimidinones are crucial part to synthesize phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) such as sildenafil and lodenafil. Herein, we report a simple and efficient route for Sildenafil and derivatives from easily available materials.
Digital technology adoption in circular startups: An integrated framework
Authors: Hajoary Pinosh Kumar , Jennifer Dolly Sweetlin , Pathak Mayank 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile the role of digital technologies (DTs) in facilitating entrepreneurship is well established, research on understanding the role of DTs among circular start‐ups as part of their overall strategy is scarce. This is vital from the perspective of emerging economies, such as India. The study aims to identify and analyse the factors influencing digital technology adoption in circular start‐ups using the Technology‐Organisation‐Environment (TOE) framework and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to form a novel Circular Startup Digital Adoption (CSDA) framework. In addition to integrating the TOE framework and TAM, the study utilises a systematic literature review with subject‐matter‐expert (SME) consultation in order to determine the factors of the CSDA framework. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is among the first studies to analyse the factors behind the adoption of DTs by circular startups from an emerging economy perspective, offering theoretical, managerial and policy implications.
Outcomes among patients with non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction on chronic anticoagulation: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Younes Ahmed M. , Hashem Ahmed , Maraey Ahmed , Khalil Mahmoud , Elzanaty Ahmed , Elgendy Islam Y. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic systemic anticoagulation use is prevalent for various thromboembolic conditions. Anticoagulation (usually through heparin products) is also recommended for the initial management of non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).AimsTo evaluate the in‐hospital outcomes of patients with NSTEMI who have been on chronic anticoagulation.MethodsUsing the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) years 2016–2020, NSTEMI patients and patients with chronic anticoagulation were identified using the appropriate International Classification of Diseases, 10th version (ICD‐10) appropriate codes. The primary outcome was all‐cause in‐hospital mortality while the secondary outcomes included major bleeding, ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA), early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (i.e., within 24 h of admission), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) during hospitalization, length of stay (LOS), and total charges. Multivariate logistic or linear regression analyses were performed after adjusting for patient‐level and hospital‐level factors.ResultsAmong 2,251,914 adult patients with NSTEMI, 190,540 (8.5%) were on chronic anticoagulation. Chronic anticoagulation use was associated with a lower incidence of in‐hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65−0.73, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in major bleeding (aOR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.88−1.0, p = 0.15) or ischemic CVA (aOR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.03−1.69, p = 0.15). Chronic anticoagulation use was associated with a lower incidence of early PCI (aOR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.76−0.80, p < 0.001) and CABG (aOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.41−0.45, p < 0.001). Chronic anticoagulation was also associated with decreased LOS and total charges (adjusted mean difference [aMD]: −0.8 days, 95% CI: −0.86 to −0.75, p < 0.001) and (aMD: $−19,340, 95% CI: −20,692 to −17,988, p < 0.001).ConclusionsAmong patients admitted with NSTEMI, chronic anticoagulation use was associated with lower in‐hospital mortality, LOS, and total charges, with no difference in the incidence of major bleeding.