bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observer‐based networked predictive controller with bounded and unknown time‐varying delay
Authors: Sarkarfarshi Elshan , Hashemzadeh Farzad , Bagheri Peyman , Rezaei Mohammad Amin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates a networked control system with bounded and time‐varying delays. Also, an observer‐based predictive controller is developed for the active compensation of the network communication delay since it may lead to poor performances or even unstable dynamics for the systems. The existence of the state observer can be established by choosing an appropriate Lyapunov function, and to do this, Luenberger observer gain is computed with Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) based on the stability conditions of the system. The practical aspect of this research, different from previous works, is the accessibility of the states that are not always available for the system. Controller and observer gains and other essential variables are derived through LMI. In the closed‐loop system, which is modeled as a switching system, the switches are based on communication delays. Using the Lyapunov stability method for switching systems, sufficient LMI conditions are derived to guarantee the stability of the closed‐loop system. Finally, the results of the simulation have demonstrated the performance of the methodology presented.
Ablation simulation of integral woven gradient three‐dimensional thermal protection structures for planetary exploration
Authors: Wang Tongkai , Li Weijie , Zhu Mengdie , Liang Haoran , Zhang Zhongwei , Li Ying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFor the harsh entry environment and higher thermal protection requirements, two structures of three‐dimensional woven gradient thermal protection materials were designed and prepared with the deep space exploration thermal protection system as the object. They are 3D orthogonal woven, 2.5D layer‐to‐layer angle interlock woven, 2.5D layer‐layer angle interlock woven structure(OLL) composite and 3D orthogonal woven, angle 2.5D layer‐to‐layer angle interlock woven, honeycomb structure(OLH) composite. Two materials were prepared and examined by ablation in an oxygen‐acetylene flame. A three‐dimensional macroscopic ablation model was established on the basis of the experiment, and the model was verified to be accurate and effective, which can well respond to the pyrolytic ablation process of the materials. The two designed materials are applied to the outsole of MSL by simulation, and the three‐dimensional response during the entry into Mars is simulated and analyzed in comparison with the thermal protection performance of PICA material. Both materials show better thermal protection than PICA and can be used as a reference in the selection of thermal protection materials.Highlights
Two kinds of 3D gradient woven thermal protection materials are designed.
A 3D thermal protection system response model is established.
The three‐dimensional response during entry was analyzed.
Thermal protection of the material is superior to that of PICA.
Enhanced mechanical performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites by interface modification with self‐assembled γ‐Al2O3 nanosheet/graphene
Authors: Liu Rong , Chen Jie , Gong Zhanghao , Sun Lihao , Dai Shengtao , Zhao Wei , Ma Mingshuo , Liu Zhigang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn order to enhance the mechanical performance of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites (CF/EPs), a series of γ‐Al2O3 nanosheet/graphene (AG) composites were prepared by hydrothermal method, and successfully introduced into the carbon fiber (CF) surface via self‐assembly process, which significantly improved the interfacial bonding force between CF and EP. Mechanical test results showed that the AG modified CF/EPs exhibited superior properties in interfacial shear strength (IFSS), interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), tensile strengths, and flexural strengths compared with the untreated CF/EPs, which were enhanced by 142.9%, 59.6%, 152.5%, and 40.5%, respectively. This is mainly because AG largely increases the CF surface roughness and penetrates into the matrix to enhance the mechanical interlocking effect, crack deflection effect, and Van der Waals forces between CF and polymer matrix. Briefly, the AG synthesized in this study will provide an experimental validation for the development of high‐performance carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) and exhibit potential application prospects in automotive and other fields.Highlights
Graphene effectively inhibits the agglomeration of γ‐Al2O3 nanosheet.
γ‐Al2O3 nanosheet/graphene increases the interfacial properties of CF/EPs.
γ‐Al2O3 nanosheet/graphene largely enhances the mechanical performance of CF/EPs.
The as‐prepared AGCF/EPs have potential application in automotive and other fields.
Deep learning methods for protein function prediction
Authors: Boadu Frimpong , Lee Ahhyun , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPredicting protein function from protein sequence, structure, interaction, and other relevant information is important for generating hypotheses for biological experiments and studying biological systems, and therefore has been a major challenge in protein bioinformatics. Numerous computational methods had been developed to advance protein function prediction gradually in the last two decades. Particularly, in the recent years, leveraging the revolutionary advances in artificial intelligence (AI), more and more deep learning methods have been developed to improve protein function prediction at a faster pace. Here, we provide an in‐depth review of the recent developments of deep learning methods for protein function prediction. We summarize the significant advances in the field, identify several remaining major challenges to be tackled, and suggest some potential directions to explore. The data sources and evaluation metrics widely used in protein function prediction are also discussed to assist the machine learning, AI, and bioinformatics communities to develop more cutting‐edge methods to advance protein function prediction.
A cross‐omics data analysis strategy for metabolite‐microbe pair identification
Authors: Sun Tao , Sun Dongnan , Kuang Junliang , Chao Xiaowen , Guo Yihan , Li Mengci , Chen Tianlu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGiven the pivotal roles of metabolomics and microbiomics, numerous data mining approaches aim to uncover their intricate connections. However, the complex many‐to‐many associations between metabolome‐microbiome profiles yield numerous statistically significant but biologically unvalidated candidates. To address these challenges, we introduce BiOFI, a strategic framework for identifying metabolome‐microbiome correlation pairs (Bi‐Omics). BiOFI employs a comprehensive scoring system, incorporating intergroup differences, effects on feature correlation networks, and organism abundance. Meanwhile, it establishes a built‐in database of metabolite‐microbe‐KEGG functional pathway linking relationships. Furthermore, BiOFI can rank related feature pairs by combining importance scores and correlation strength. Validation on a dataset of cesarean‐section infants confirms the strategy's validity and interpretability. The BiOFI R package is freely accessible at https://github.com/chentianlu/BiOFI.
Potential effects of Resatorvid and alpha lipoic acid on gentamicin‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Dik Burak , Hatipoglu Durmus , Ates Mehmet Burak 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with a rapid bactericidal effect on the treatment of many infections. However, its use at high concentrations for more than 7 days causes nephrotoxic side effects. This study investigated the potential of Resatorvid and alpha lipoic acid (ALA) in mitigating gentamicin‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats, considering biochemical, histopathological, and molecular parameters. This study randomly distributed 34 Wistar albino rats into four groups: healthy control (n = 6), Gentamicin (80 mg/kg, n = 7), Gentamicin + Sham (%10 hydroalcoholic solution, n = 7), Gentamicin + Resatorvid (5 mg/kg, n = 7), and Gentamicin + ALA (100 mg/kg, n = 7). Resatorvid treatment led to a statistically significant decrease in urinary IL‐18, KIM‐1, and NGAL levels, whereas ALA treatment significantly reduced KIM‐1 levels compared to the gentamicin‐only group. Both Resatorvid and ALA showed partial reductions in urine creatinine levels. Moreover, treatments with Resatorvid and ALA resulted in statistically significant decreases in NRF‐2, CAS‐3, and NR4A2 expressions. However, only Resatorvid demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in NF‐B expression. These findings highlight the potential of Resatorvid in ameliorating gentamicin‐induced nephrotoxicity, thereby expanding the therapeutic utility of gentamicin and enhancing its efficacy against infections.
Solvent‐Free Efficient Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid over Silicotungstic Acid Promoting the Activity of CuNiAl Catalysts: A Synergistic Effect
Authors: Wei Ruiping , Shao Zhenyu , Wang Ziqi , Yao Mingzhu , Gao Lijing , Xiao Guomin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMulti‐metallic catalysts rely on the synergistic effect between metals to perform better catalytic effect in biomass hydrogenation experiments compared with mono‐metallic catalysts. A series of CuNiAl composite metal oxide catalysts promoted by silicotungstic acid (HSiW), which were prepared by co‐precipitation and impregnation methods, were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2‐physisorption, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and NH3 program temperature desorption (NH3‐TPD) and pyridine infrared adsorption (Py‐FTIR). Their catalytic performance was evaluated in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to prepare γ‐valerolactone (GVL). The results showed that the addition of Cu could improve the hydrogenation activity of Ni, and the addition of HSiW could further increase the amount of acid sites in the catalysts. Both of them could enhance the conversion of LA to some extent. CuNiAl‐5SiW, the par excellence catalyst, relied on the synergistic interactions between metals as well as the Brønsted and Lewis acid active sites to show efficient hydrogenation performance. The CuNiAl‐5SiW catalyst demonstrated 96.9 % conversion of LA and more than 99 % selectivity to GVL under 2 hours of reaction time, 180 °C of reaction temperature, 3.0 MPa of initial hydrogen pressure and solvent‐free conditions.
Synthesis and Characterization of a New Zwitterionic Phthalocyanine for Efficient Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline and Chromene Derivatives
Authors: Moeinimehr Mahtab , Safaiee Maliheh , Taherpour Avat Arman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study presents the synthesis and characterization of a new, recyclable, and thermally stable heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient synthesis of polyhydroquinoline and chromene derivatives. The catalyst was characterized using various techniques, including UV spectroscopy, FT‐IR, TGA, DTG, SEM, XRD, ICP Spectroscopy, and CHN analysis. The successfully designed phthalocyanine incorporates both Brønsted and Lewis acid functionality, along with zwitterionic properties. It was effectively utilized in the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline and chromene derivatives. The methodology offers several advantages, such as a simple procedure, excellent yields, and a short reaction time. The findings from this research provide valuable insights into formulating and advancing new catalysts for significant organic reactions.
Effects of Carnosic and Usnic Acid on Pentose Phosphate Pathway Enzymes: An Experimental and Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Demir Yeliz , Öztürk Neslihan , Isıyel Murat , Ceylan Hamid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) are crucial enzymes involved in generating cellular reducing power. Modifying the balance of reduced NADPH is considered essential for cancer advancement and combined therapeutic strategies. Usnic acid (UA) is a physiologically active dibenzofuran derivative. Carnosic acid (CA) is a phenolic diterpene that has been isolated from several plants. This work evaluated the inhibitory effects of UA and CA on G6PD and 6PGD by in vitro tests. Molecular docking studies were employed to predict the mechanisms of inhibition. IC50 values for UA and CA were determined to be 49.50 μM and 77.00 μM for G6PD, and 69.30 μM and 57.75 μM for 6PGD, respectively. The Ki values for UA and CA were determined to be 35.01±7.69 μM and 43.46±10.48 μM for G6PD, and 104.87±11.86 μM and 31.17±2.55 μM for 6PGD, respectively. UA was identified as the most effective inhibitor against G6PD, whereas CA exhibited the best inhibitory activity against 6PGD, with estimated binding energies of −8.0 and −7.8 kcal/mol, respectively, in molecular docking studies. Ultimately, it was shown that the results obtained from in vitro and in silico methods in the study were strongly associated. These chemicals′ structure might assist in creating medications that focus on the pentose phosphate pathway.
Exploring Multifaceted Roles of Nitroreductases in Bacterial, Animal and Plant Biosystems and their Detection using Fluorescent Probes
Authors: Verma Shagun , Singla Nancy , Bhadwal Siloni Singh , Chouhan Rekha , Kumar Subodh , Gandhi Sumit G. , Kaur Satwinderjeet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNitroreductases are the enzymes that can convert nitroaromatic substances including explosives like TNT to their corresponding nitrite, hydroxylamine or amino derivatives with reduced NADH or NADPH as an electron donor. A wide range of nitroreductases are known to present in bacterial genomes that are explored for their potential in the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds and they are used in converting prodrugs to toxic hydroxylamine derivatives causing tumor cell killing. Likewise, in cancer cells, the low oxygen condition called hypoxia is a characteristic of solid tumors and during hypoxia nitroreductase gene expression occurs. Moreover, due to the ability of nitroreductases to reduce nitroaromatic compounds, phytoremediation potential of plants was inspected by expressing bacterial nitroreductase genes in plants through genetic engineering. Due to its diversity and widespread applications in different biosystems, its detection has gained momentum among the scientific community. Designing fluorescent probes for detecting nitroreductases has emerged as a beneficial tool compared to conventional monitoring approaches due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and real‐time monitoring ability. This review aims to provide an understanding of the activity and the status of nitroreductases in bacteria, plants and animal cells as well as the significance of fluorescent imaging‐related studies by employing recently designed probes.
Reversible Light‐Triggered Stretching of Small‐Molecule Photochromic Organic Nanoparticles
Authors: Bequet‐Ermoy Etienne , Silvestre Virginie , Cuenot Stéphane , Ishow Eléna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFunctional organic nanomaterials are nowadays largely spread in the field of nanomedicine. In situ modulation of their morphology is thus expected to considerably impact their interactions with the surroundings. In this context, photoswitchable nanoparticles that are manufactured, amenable to extensive disassembling upon illumination in the visible, and reversible reshaping under UV exposure. Such reversibility turns to be strongly impaired for photochromic nanoparticles in close contact with a substrate. In situ atomic force microscopy investigations at the nanoscale actually reveal progressive disintegration of the organic nanoparticles under successive UV–vis cycles of irradiation, in the absence of intrinsic elastic forces. These results point out the dramatic interactions exerted by surfaces on the cohesion of non‐covalently bonded organic nanoparticles. They invite to harness such systems, often used as biomarkers, to also serve as photoactivatable drug delivery nanocarriers.
Exploring security and privacy enhancement technologies in the Internet of Things: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ataullah Md. , Chauhan Naveen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the era heavily influenced by Internet of Things (IoT), prioritizing strong security and the protection of user privacy is of utmost importance. This comprehensive review paper embarks on a meticulous examination of the multifaceted challenges and risks facing IoT security and privacy. It encompasses the hardware, software, and data‐in‐transit domains, shedding light on potential vulnerabilities and associated threats. In response to these concerns, this paper puts forth recommendations for effective strategies to mitigate these risks. Providing a road‐map for enhancing security and privacy in IoT environments. Furthermore, this review thoroughly assesses a multitude of solutions proposed by various authors, with the primary aim of enhancing security and privacy within the IoT landscape. The analysis provides insights into the strengths and limitations of these solutions. This is aiding in the development of a holistic comprehension of the existing status of IoT security and privacy. Moreover, the paper delves into the complexities surrounding integrating emerging technologies into the IoT framework. It explores the obstacles and challenges inherent in this process and proposes potential strategies to address these hurdles. By doing so, the review provides a holistic perspective on existing security and privacy enhancement technologies and offers guidance on navigating the dynamic landscape of emerging technologies within the IoT domain. Publications included in the review consist of journal articles, conference papers, and book chapters from reputable sources indexed in SCI (Science Citation Index), Scopus, and Web of Science.
Chemistry of Cyclo[18]Carbon (C18): A Review
Authors: Pooja  , Yadav Sarita , Pawar Ravinder 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarbon‐based allotropes are propelling a technological revolution in communication, sensing, and computing, concurrently challenging fundamental theories of the previous century. Nevertheless, the demand for advanced carbon‐based materials remains substantial. The crux lies in the efficient and reliable engineering of novel carbon allotrope. Although C18 has undergone theoretical and experimental investigation for an extended period, its preparation and direct observation in the condensed phase occurred only recently through STM/AFM techniques. The distinctive cyclic ring structure and the dual 18‐center π delocalization character introduce various uncommon properties to C18, rendering it a subject worthy of in‐depth exploration. In this context, this review delves into past developments contributing to the state‐of‐the‐art understanding of C18 and provides insights into how future endeavours can expedite practical applications. Encompassing a broad spectrum, this review comprehensively investigates almost all facets of C18, including geometric characteristics, electron delocalization, bonding nature, aromaticity, reactivity, electronic excitation, UV/Vis spectrum, intermolecular interaction, response to external fields, electron affinity, ionization, and other molecular properties. Moreover, the review also outlines representative strategies for the direct synthesis and characterization of C18 using atom manipulation techniques. Following this, C18‐based complexes are summarized, and potential applications in catalysis, electrochemical devices, optoelectronics, and sensing are discussed.
A review of frequently used Kampo prescriptions. Part 5. Rikkunshito
Authors: Kainuma Mosaburo , Imazu Yoshihiro , Imazu Hiroki , Tanaka Koichiro , Uezono Yasuhito , Tominaga Kazunari , Fujimoto Makoto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe source of rikkunshito (RKT) is thought to be Yixuezhengzhuan by Yu Tuan. RKT was originally designed for many patients to treat gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal bloating, discomfort, nausea, and anorexia.Key FindingsRKT consists of eight types of crude drugs. Clinical studies including randomized clinical trials (RCT) for patients with non‐erosive reflux disease (NERD) refractory to proton‐pump inhibitor (PPI) have demonstrated that RKT improves not only acid‐related dysmotility symptoms, but also extra‐esophageal symptoms, and with RCT trial for functional dyspepsia (FD), RKT can simultaneously treat gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms. Moreover, RKT was recently applied to the day‐to‐day conditions, post‐operative management, and chemotherapy in cancer patients. Preclinical studies have also reported that various pharmacological functions of RKT such as its protective effect on mucosal injuries and its prokinetic effect on gastrointestinal tract motility have been elucidated. RKT was considered to increase plasma ghrelin levels by the inhibition of 5‐HT2B and 5‐HT2C receptor activities, enhanced ghrelin‐mediated signaling, inhibited degradation of acylated ghrelin to suppress decreases in plasma ghrelin levels by inhibiting the rate of degradation of acyl ghrelin to des‐acyl ghrelin, and inhibited PDE III activity. The incidence of adverse events associated with RKT was only 1.2%, and almost all adverse drug reactions were non‐serious reactions.ConclusionRKT is one of the very good candidates for beneficial medicines especially for patients presenting with intractable symptoms caused by gastrointestinal diseases such as disorders of gut–brain interaction or cancers.
Synthesis and dielectric properties of polyvinyl chloride/zinc oxide nanocomposites
Authors: Al‐Shawabkeh Ali F. , Shaheen Adel A. , Elimat Ziad M. , Imran Mousa M. A. , Hamadneh Imad , Al‐Dujaili Ammar H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBecause of its special structural and functional characteristics, poly(vinyl chloride)/zinc oxide nanocomposite (PVC/ZnO) exhibits great potential in a variety of electrical, optical, water treatment, and medical applications. According to that, this study was carried out to examine the AC electrical properties of the prepared PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films using the AC impedance techniques. The PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films were prepared by casting method by weight% concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% ZnO nanoparticle. Each mixture was fabricated in film and casted in 5 cm × 5 cm glass caste. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the nanocomposites samples. The results of the FTIR spectroscopy analysis of the PVC/ZnO nanocomposites confirmed the presence of peaks characteristic of the vibration of the ZnO bond. XRD revealed that pure PVC films are partially crystalline with hallow peak but ZnO nanoparticles have wurtzite structure, and the nanocomposite films were almost the same as those of ZnO with decrease in the degree of crystallization, causing increase in the amorphous region. The surface of the films was analyzed by SEM, which becomes rough with some small aggregates compared with pure PVC with good distribution in the entire surface region with bright spots. The electrical properties AC conductivity (), real dielectric constant (), imaginary dielectric constant (), real electrical modulus (), and imaginary electric modulus () were studied in the frequency range 2–6 MHz and temperature range 293–313 K for the prepared film studied. The results showed that the properties of the PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films were found to be dependent on the frequency, and the concentration of the ZnO nanoparticle in the PVC polymer matrix. In addition, the results of the study show that there is a sharp increase in the , with increasing of temperature. In contrast, the other parameters, that is, , , , and are temperature independence.Highlights
PVC/ZnO nanocomposite films with different weight% concentrations of ZnO nanoparticle were prepared.
AC electrical properties were measured using AC impedance techniques.
The nanocomposites samples were characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM.
Electrical properties , , , , and were found to be frequency and temperature dependences.