bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DPC in Acute-phase Inpatient Hospital Care
Authors: Uto Y. , Muranaga F. , Kumamoto I. , Matsumoto C. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryObjective: The purpose of this study was to improve accessibility to nursing care by clari -fying the relationship between patient characteristics and the amount of nursing care for the Diagnosis Procedure Combination system (DPC).Method: The subjects included 528 lung cancer patients; 170 gastric cancer patients; and 91 colon cancer patients, who were hospitalized from July 1, 2008, to March 31, 2010, at a university hospital. The patients were categorized into groups according to factors that could affect the amount of nursing care. Next, the relationship between the patient characteristics and the amount of nursing care was analyzed. Then the results from this study were used to classify patient characteristics according to the patient type and the amount nursing care required.Results: The patient characteristics, which affected the amount of nursing care, varied according to each DPC code. The major factors affecting the amount of nursing care were whether the patient had received a surgical (under general anesthetics) treatment or a non-surgical treatment and the level of activities of daily living (ADL) of the hospitalized patients. For those who had received a surgical operation for colon cancer, the patient’s age also affected the amount of nursing care.Conclusions: The findings show that the method for the visualization of the amount of nursing care based on the classification of patient characteristics can be implemented into the electronic health record system. This method can then be used as a management tool to assure appropriate distribution of nursing resources.
De la guerre à la drogue à la prévention des addictions : à quand l'ouverture de l'impossible débat ?
Authors: Costes Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2013

Dans le monde, de plus en plus d’experts constatent que la stratégie dite de « guerre à la drogue » a échoué et en proposent une nouvelle, adaptée à notre époque, centrée sur la prévention des addictions. En France, on peut également constater l’échec d’une loi inadaptée et de la politique menée ces dernières années. Une nouvelle approche, basée sur les principes fondamentaux du droit et des valeurs de l’UE, devrait être de réguler les usages de toutes les drogues afin d’en réduire les dommages sur le bien-être de chacun et de tous. Elle devrait s’articuler autour des quatre axes suivants : réduire l’offre, prévenir les usages nocifs, réduire les dommages liés aux usages de drogues et améliorer l’accès et la qualité des soins. En France, la pénalisation des usages de drogues illicites, contrairement aux idées reçues, est effective. Elle atteint aujourd’hui des niveaux jamais égalés. Elle fait obstacle à la protection de la santé. Il est donc urgent de réviser la loi de 1970 en dépénalisant l’usage des drogues. Dépénaliser veut dire supprimer la sanction pénale attachée à un comportement individuel, l’usage, la possession ou la détention pour usage personnel, d’un produit classé comme stupéfiant. La dépénalisation est compatible avec une volonté de contrôle sur l’offre de drogues. C’est une solution pragmatique qui présume que l’interdit ne règle pas tout. La question de la légalisation, ou du niveau de contrôle sur l’offre des drogues, est un autre débat qui, bien que moins évident, doit également être mené.
Approches économiques normatives et positives de la législation sur les drogues
Authors: Massin Sophie 
Published: September 2013

Cette contribution propose d’analyser la question de la législation sur les drogues à partir de deux grilles de lecture classiques de la théorie économique : une perspective normative qui vise à déterminer « ce qui est souhaitable » (définition du régime juridique optimal) et une perspective positive qui cherche à expliquer « ce qui est » (justification du régime juridique existant). Il en ressort une forte incertitude normative liée à la difficulté à prédire les effets d’une réforme. Les expériences de dépénalisation de l’usage fournissent néanmoins des évaluations positives de ce type de réforme. Par ailleurs, la concentration des coûts de l’interdiction sur les plus pauvres pourrait à la fois constituer un argument en faveur de la légalisation, au nom de la justice sociale, et expliquer la difficulté à mener la réforme du fait du faible poids politique des individus les plus touchés. Nous concluons par quelques considérations concernant la situation française actuelle, en insistant sur la nécessité de clarifier les options de réforme envisageables, comme préalable à la conduite d’un débat constructif.
Les voyageurs italiens et le fait français au Canada (17e-21e siècles)
Authors: Sanfilippo Matteo 
Published: September 2013

Toute une tradition de voyageurs italiens en Nouvelle-France, au Canada français et enfin au Québec nous permet en effet de suivre les développements de l’opinion italienne autour du fait français au Canada. Nous partirons des relations des jésuites (le père Francesco Giuseppe Bressani) et des traductions italiennes de mémoires du 17e siècle (par exemple, ceux d’Henri Tonti, qui d’ailleurs était né en Italie, sur l’exploration du Mississippi et de la Louisiane). Nous poursuivrons par les réflexions des « touristes » qui, après la Révolution américaine, visitent la vallée du Saint-Laurent afin de comprendre la différence entre les États-Unis et les nouvelles colonies britanniques. Nous évoquerons aussi les réflexions des exilés du Risorgimento italien qui arrivent pendant la première moitié du 19e siècle. Enfin, en ce qui concerne le Québec dans la Confédération, nous comparerons les récits de voyage publiés par des journalistes et des romanciers aux rapports sur la Province rédigés par des diplomates de l’Italie et du Vatican. Même si la plupart de ces rapports diplomatiques n’ont pas été publiés, ils étaient conçus pour être lus ; de plus, ils ont influencé sinon l’opinion publique, au moins celle des experts.
Les partis politiques municipaux
Authors: Mévellec Anne , Tremblay Manon 
Published: September 2013

La scène politique municipale québécoise est le théâtre d’une augmentation rapide du nombre de partis politiques dans des villes de toute taille. Cet article est l’occasion de dépasser ce simple constat pour analyser les effets, sur la conquête et l’exercice du pouvoir municipal, de la présence des partis politiques municipaux. L’idée qui nous inspire veut que leur avènement s’inscrive dans un processus de « westminsterisation » de la politique municipale, c’est-à-dire une polarisation gouvernement/opposition de la scène politique municipale. Afin d’explorer cette hypothèse, les partis politiques municipaux sont analysés à partir de trois axes dégagés de la littérature sur leurs homologues nationaux, soit leur rôle d’organisation, de machine électorale, et de représentation et de gouverne. Il ressort que les partis politiques municipaux rejoignent en plusieurs points leur vis-à-vis provinciaux et fédéraux. En effet, ces organisations recrutent des candidat/e/s et visent à les faire élire. Par l’intermédiaire de leurs élu/e/s, les partis politiques municipaux participent au processus décisionnel tant dans le contenu des décisions que dans la structuration même de ce processus. Par ailleurs, ils ne sauraient être entièrement assimilés aux partis provinciaux et fédéraux, dans la mesure où ils affichent un degré de formalisation moindre qui se manifeste, par exemple, dans une discipline moins stricte de leurs troupes, un rôle plus prépondérant du chef-candidat à la mairie et une pérennité des organisations partisanes moins assurée.
Community pharmacists’ interventions with electronic prescriptions in England: an exploratory study
Authors: Franklin Bryony Dean , Reynolds Matthew James , Hibberd Ralph , Sadler Stacey , Barber Nick 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background Prescribing errors in primary care are problematic. The electronic prescription service (EPS) is an English electronic system linking prescribing, dispensing and reimbursement, designed to rectify some of the problems associated with paper-based prescribing. Objective To document the numbers and types of interventions made by community pharmacists and their staff using EPS release 2 (EPSR2), compare these with those made for other prescription types, and comment on potential effects of EPSR2 on pharmacy practice. Methods We invited staff in 15 community pharmacies to record problems encountered arising from failures in prescribing, dispensing or supply systems for prescribed medication, for a 2 week period. Results Eight pharmacies participated, of which five used EPSR2. These pharmacies reported 69 problems with 68 prescriptions (median 7.5 problems per pharmacy, range 2–22). A total of 33 problems were clinical in nature and 6 were organisational or logistical in origin. Thirty unsigned prescriptions were reported, all non-EPSR2. Of the 69 problems, eight were primarily related to EPSR2 functionality. Conclusion EPSR2 should reduce the number of unsigned prescriptions in circulation. However, prescribers should avoid the use of Latin abbreviations that cannot be interpreted directly by patients, and consider the compatibility of regularly prescribed items with the NHS dictionary of medicines and devices.
The Correlation of Phrases and Feelings with Disability
Authors: Dijk Pim A.D. van , Bot Arjan G.J. , Neuhaus Valentin , Mudgal Chaitanya S. , Ring David 
Published: September 2013

Background Patient expressions reflect disability and psychological factors. The aim of this study was to list common phrases and feelings in hand surgery practice and to prospectively study the correlation of these phrases and to correlate them with possible associated feelings and disability. Methods Eighty-three patients completed the short version of the disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (QuickDASH) questionnaire to measure disability, the pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ) to study coping, and a pain scale. The patients also completed the phrases and feelings questionnaire, which list verbal expressions patients often use. Pearson's correlation was used to test the correlation of continuous variables, and independent t test and one-way ANOVA were used for categorical variables. All variables with p <0.08 were inserted in a multivariable regression. Results There was a large correlation between the individual phrases and feelings questions with PSEQ and QuickDASH. The best model for the combined phrases questionnaire included pain, PSEQ, smoking, and other pain conditions. The best model for the combination of all the feelings questions included PSEQ, pain, and marital status. The best model for QuickDASH included phrases, PSEQ, prior treatment, and working status, with phrases being the strongest factor. Conclusions Patients use specific phrases that indicate the magnitude of their disability and the effectiveness of their coping strategies. Providers should respond to these phrases by empathetically acknowledging these aspects of the human illness experience.
Plasma Modified Membrane for Daily Recovery of Oil from Repeated Frying Operation with Frequent Oil Replenishment
Authors: Onal‐Ulusoy Baran , Tur Eren , Mutlu Mehmet 
Published: September 2013

AbstractSunflower oil was used for deep frying of potatoes at 170 ± 5 °C and for 8 h per day for 5 days in a fryer with an automatic oil filtration system. Three different frying operations were performed: operation (OP)‐1, OP‐2 and OP‐3; that correspond to the oil unfiltered at the end of each frying day, the oil filtered through the fryer's own filter (passive filtration) and the oil firstly subjected to passive filtration and then filtered through a polyethersulfone membrane modified with hexamethyldisiloxane via radio frequency plasma (75 W‐5 min, discharge power–time), respectively. The performance of each operation was investigated in terms of free fatty acids (FFA), conjugated dienoic acids (CD), TOTOX value, total polar content (TPC), Hunter color, viscosity, fatty acid composition, and tocopherol content. The results showed that OP‐3 could decrease FFA, CD, TOTOX, TPC, L*a*b* value, viscosity and linoleic acid (18:2)/palmitic acid (16:0) ratio in 29.6, 11.7, 25, 30.8, 6.1*11.3*20.8*, 7.8, 12.2 %, respectively, compared to the unfiltered oil (OP‐1). Regenerated oil from OP‐3 had a frying life approximately 17 h more than oils from both OP‐1 and OP‐2.
Soziale (Gesundheits-) Ökonomik
Authors: Güntert Bernhard , Thiele Günter 
Published: September 2013

EinleitungÖkonomik sollte die Lehre zum menschlichen Handeln im Alltag unter Berücksichtigung wirtschaftlicher Aspekte sein. Davon ist sie heute jedoch weit entfernt. Gründe dafür sind unzureichende Grundannahmen zum Menschen, ausgeblendete Aspekte des menschlichen Lebens und Kurzfristigkeit. Trotz dieser Einschränkungen hat die Ökonomik große Erfolge gefeiert und die Gesellschaft stark beeinflusst. Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise zeigen jedoch die Grenzen der ökonomischen Theorie und die Kritik wird lauter. Eine soziale Ökonomie erfordert andere Perspektiven und Modelle. Institutionalismus und Public Health können zu einer sozialen (Gesundheits-) Ökonomie beitragen.
Smale spaces via inverse limits
Authors: WIELER SUSANA 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA Smale space is a chaotic dynamical system with canonical coordinates of contracting and expanding directions. The basic sets for Smale’s Axiom $A$ systems are a key class of examples. We consider the special case of irreducible Smale spaces with zero-dimensional contracting directions, and characterize these as stationary inverse limits satisfying certain conditions.
Multiple recurrence for non-commuting transformations along rationally independent polynomials
Authors: FRANTZIKINAKIS NIKOS , ZORIN-KRANICH PAVEL 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe prove a multiple recurrence result for arbitrary measure-preserving transformations along polynomials in two variables of the form $m+ {p}_{i} (n)$, with rationally independent ${p}_{i} $ with zero constant term. This is in contrast to the single variable case, in which even double recurrence fails unless the transformations generate a virtually nilpotent group. The proof involves reduction to nilfactors and an equidistribution result on nilmanifolds.
The Trend of the Direct Primary
Authors: Boots Ralph S. 
Published: September 2013

During the past few years there have been numerous proposals to repeal and to modify the direct primary laws, and many changes have been made. In the opinion of those who consider the direct primary one of the leading political reforms of the present century, this activity is due to the machinations of the routed politicians conspiring to restore their power; in the opinion of others, less confident of the merits of the direct primary, it is the natural outcome of the defects which have appeared in the operation of this system. An examination of the more important changes proposed and of those made since 1918, may serve to throw some light on the situation at the present time.Lack of space prevents the presentation in detail of the proposals for modifications of the direct primary laws which have appeared in the legislatures within the last three years. Of course the mere fact that a certain change was presented in the form of a bill furnished no indication of public opinion, nor of legislative opinion, nor of the strength of the advocates of the change. It is true, however, that several of the measures enacted were passed after one or more defeats.
ON A QUESTION OF J. M. RASSIAS
Authors: FECHNER WŁODZIMIERZ 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAnswering a problem posed by John Michael Rassias, we study the functional inequality$$\begin{eqnarray*}f(x+ y+ xy)\leq f(x)+ f(y)+ f(xy),\end{eqnarray*}$$with real unknown mapping$f$.
FINITE HIGHER COMMUTATORS IN ASSOCIATIVE RINGS
Authors: LANSKI CHARLES 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIf $T$ is any finite higher commutator in an associative ring $R$, for example, $T= [[R, R] , [R, R] ] $, and if $T$ has minimal cardinality so that the ideal generated by $T$ is infinite, then $T$ is in the centre of $R$ and ${T}^{2} = 0$. Also, if $T$ is any finite, higher commutator containing no nonzero nilpotent element then $T$ generates a finite ideal.
Missense mutation in the MEN1 gene discovered through whole exome sequencing co-segregates with familial hyperparathyroidism
Authors: ISAKOV OFER , RINELLA ERICA S. , OLCHOVSKY DAVID , SHIMON ILAN , OSTRER HARRY , SHOMRON NOAM , FRIEDMAN EITAN 
Published: September 2013

SummaryFamilial isolated hyperparathyroidism (FIHP) can be encountered in the context of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), hyperparathyroidism and jaw tumour syndrome (HPT–JT) and in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH). In these syndromes, germline mutations in the relevant genes (MEN1, HPRT2 and CaSR, respectively) are detected. In some FIHP cases, the causative gene is still elusive. The objective of this study is to define the genetic basis of FIHP in a Georgian Jewish family with FIHP using whole exome capture and sequencing. DNA extracted from two sibs and one offspring from a single family all affected with multiglandular hyperparathyroidism was subjected to whole exome capturing and sequencing using the Roche NimbleGen V2 chip and the Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing platform. Genetic variants were detected and annotated using a combination of the Genome Analysis Tool Kit and in-house scripts. Subsequent confirmation of the mutations and co-segregation analyses were carried out by Sanger sequencing in additional affected and unaffected family members. Whole exome capture and sequencing revealed the collection of variations common to the three-sequenced patients, including a very rare previously described missense mutation (c.T1021C: p.W341R) in the MEN1 gene. The p.W341R mutation in the MEN1 gene showed complete co-segregation in the family. Whole exome capture and sequencing led to the discovery of a missense mutation in the MEN1 gene and ruling out of the additional candidates in a single experiment. The limited expressivity of this mutation may imply a specific genotype–phenotype correlation for this mutation.
A very rare entity of diabetes insipidus associated with Edwards Syndrome
Authors: DEMIR NIHAT , DOĞAN MURAT , PEKER ERDAL , BULAN KEZIBAN , TUNCER OĞUZ 
Published: September 2013

SummaryEdwards syndrome is the second most commonly seen trisomy. It was first described by John Hamilton Edwards in 1960. Although most cases result in termination or foetal loss, live births have been documented in 5%. Edwards syndrome is characterized by multisystem anomalies, of which holoprosencephaly (HPE) is observed in 4–8% of cases. The clinical findings correspond to the degree of HPE malformation. Convulsions and endocrinopathies are among the severe clinical findings. The most common endocrinopathies are central diabetes insipidus (DI), hypothyroidism, hypocortisolism and growth hormone deficiency. The coexistence of holoproencephaly and DI in Edwards syndrome was discussed under the light of literature.
Alterations in brain structure in adults with anorexia nervosa and the impact of illness duration
Authors: Fonville L. , Giampietro V. , Williams S. C. R. , Simmons A. , Tchanturia K. 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundBrain structure alterations have been reported in anorexia nervosa, but findings have been inconsistent. This may be due to inadequate sample size, sample heterogeneity or differences in methodology.MethodHigh resolution magnetic resonance images were acquired of 33 adult participants with anorexia nervosa and 33 healthy participants, the largest study sample to date, in order to assess whole-brain volume, ventricular cerebrospinal fluid, white matter and grey matter volume. Voxel-based morphometry was conducted to assess regional grey matter volume. Levels of depression, anxiety, obsessionality and eating disorder-related symptoms were measured and used to explore correlations with brain structure.ResultsParticipants with anorexia nervosa had smaller brain volumes as well as a global decrease in grey matter volume with ventricular enlargement. Voxel-based morphometry revealed a decrease in grey matter volume spanning across the cerebellum, temporal, frontal and occipital lobes. A correlation was found between grey matter volume loss and duration of illness in the cerebellum and mesencephalon. No correlations were found with clinical measures.ConclusionsFindings are in accordance with several previous studies on brain structure and match functional studies that have assessed the symptomatology of anorexia nervosa, such as body image distortion and cognitive bias to food. The correlation with duration of illness supports the implication of cerebellar atrophy in the maintenance of low weight and disrupted eating behaviour and illustrates its role in the chronic phase of anorexia nervosa. The lack of other correlations suggests that these findings are not related to the presence of co-morbid disorders.
How is affective instability defined and measured? A systematic review
Authors: Marwaha S. , He Z. , Broome M. , Singh S. P. , Scott J. , Eyden J. , Wolke D. 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundAffective instability (AI) is poorly defined but considered clinically important. The aim of this study was to examine definitions and measures of AI employed in clinical populations.MethodThis study was a systematic review using the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles and Web of Science databases were searched. Also five journals were hand searched. Primary empirical studies involving randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, controlled before and after, and observational investigations were included. Studies were selected, data extracted and quality appraised. A narrative synthesis was completed.ResultsA total of 11 443 abstracts were screened and 37 studies selected for final analysis on the basis that they provided a definition and measure of AI. Numbers of definitions for each of the terms employed in included studies were: AI (n = 7), affective lability (n = 6), affective dysregulation (n = 1), emotional dysregulation (n = 4), emotion regulation (n = 2), emotional lability (n = 1), mood instability (n = 2), mood lability (n = 1) and mood swings (n = 1); however, these concepts showed considerable overlap in features. A total of 24 distinct measures were identified that could be categorized as primarily measuring one of four facets of AI (oscillation, intensity, ability to regulate and affect change triggered by environment) or as measuring general emotional regulation.ConclusionsA clearer definition of AI is required. We propose AI be defined as ‘rapid oscillations of intense affect, with a difficulty in regulating these oscillations or their behavioural consequences’. No single measure comprehensively assesses AI and a combination of current measures is required for assessment. A new short measure of AI that is reliable and validated against external criteria is needed.
Further Excavation of the Toumba Cemetery at Lefkandi, 1981
Authors: Popham M. R. , Touloupa E. , Sackett L. H. 
Published: September 2013

At Easter 1981, as part of a joint Greek-British investigation of the region of ‘Toumba’ at Lefkandi in Euboea, a further area of the known cemetery there was excavated. The Greek Archaeological Service was represented by Mrs. E. Touloupa, previously Ephor of Euboea, and the British School by M. R. Popham and L. H. Sackett: the operation was under the general supervision of the Ephor, Mr. P. Kalligas.Since the results of the previous excavations in this and the other cemeteries have recently been published with a full commentary, we have decided to give a quick and more summary account of the new finds as a supplement to the main publication to which reference is made for detailed discussion.