bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Silica Gel, Zeolite and Activated Charcoal
Authors: McGath Molly , McCarthy Blythe , Bosworth Jenifer 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be hazardous to human health and can negatively impact the long-term stability of art objects. This research evaluated the VOC adsorbent properties of three materials commonly used in museums as humidity regulating or air filtering agents. Silica gel, activated charcoal, and zeolite powder, materials often placed in proximity to art objects, were analyzed using Thermal Desorption GC-MS to qualitatively identify adsorbed VOC’s from model environments. This research compared the adsorbing capabilities of these materials with a solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) carboxen/polydimethyl siloxane fiber to frame their adsorbing powers. It was found that different adsorbents have very different ranges of adsorption for the chemicals tested. Silica gel powder and zeolite powder have the greatest sensitivity for acetic acid over a 24 hour exposure period. Zeolite powder and activated charcoal were more sensitive for identification of naphthalene. Silica gel powder proved to be the most sensitive adsorbent overall. This research discovered that the methods used to condition silica gel pellets for reuse need to be re-examined in light of fact they trap VOC’s, especially as it was observed that VOC’s desorb from the silica gel pellets under ambient conditions.
Design of nano webs for hybrid sensor devices
Authors: Shanmugam Nandhinee Radha , Rana Milin Nilesh , Prasad Shalini 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTHybrid organic/inorganic nanostructures are engineered to function as two terminal devices with enhanced functionality. The devices are the building blocks for designing hybrid organic/inorganic circuits in the nanoscale. In our work, we have demonstrated the sensing capabilities of polymer nanocomposite thin films for designing nanoweb devices towards detection of biomolecules. Biomolecules with surface charge such as troponin-T were detected on this device by interfacing them with the polymer/metal composites. The change in electrical properties due to modulation in charge transport at the crossbar junction was identified as the measured electrical signal for designing switch based sensors. Nanotextured surface offers strong charge carrier transport and hence enhances the strength of the detected signal. The antibodyantigen interactions at the junction effectively modulate the charge transfer kinetics and modify the junction characteristics due to the surface potential associated with the organic molecules. The net change in surface charge can be measured either as changes in the diode current in the two terminal configuration or as changes in the source- drain current in the three terminal configuration. Detection sensitivity in the order of pg/mL was targeted by measuring the voltammetric current response (in microamperes).
Bacteremia in the pedal circulation following regional intravenous perfusion of a 2% lidocaine solution in cattle with deep digital sepsis
Authors: Simpson Katharine M. , Streeter Robert N. , Taylor Jared D. , Gull Tamara B. , Step Douglas L. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate whether pedal bacteremia develops following regional IV perfusion (RIVP) of a 2% lidocaine hydrochloride solution in cattle with deep digital sepsis (DDS) and to determine which bacterial pathogens are most commonly isolated from the pedal circulation.
Design—Prospective observational cohort study.
Animals—9 adult cattle with DDS in 10 limbs and 10 healthy adult cattle with no evidence of lameness or digital infection.
Procedures—Blood samples were obtained aseptically from the dorsal common digital vein immediately following tourniquet application and 30 to 60 minutes after aseptic RIVP with a 2% lidocaine solution. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures were performed on all samples collected. For cattle with DDS, clinical examination with or without debridement of digital lesions was performed after RIVP.
Results—Bacteria were isolated from pedal blood prior to RIVP in 1 cow with DDS and after RIVP and examination with or without debridement in that cow and 4 additional cattle with DDS. Bacteria were not isolated from any blood sample obtained from the healthy cattle. Of the 8 bacterial isolates identified, 5 were gram-positive facultative anaerobes. Cattle with DDS were significantly more likely to develop bacteremia in the pedal circulation than were healthy cattle following RIVP.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that bacteremia may be present in the pedal circulation before and following RIVP and examination with or without debridement in cattle with DDS. Thus, systemic or local antimicrobial treatment might be warranted prior to or concurrently with RIVP in cattle with DDS.
An On-Line Multiway Approach to In-Situ NDI Looking at the PZL-130TCII
Authors: Dragan Krzysztof , Dziendzikowski Michał , Kurnyta Artur , Latoszek Adam , Leski Andrzej , Kłysz Sylwester 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Providing a reliable and universal Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system allowing for remote aircraft inspections and a reduction of maintenance costs is a major challenge confronting the aerospace industry today. SHM based on guided Lamb waves is one of the approaches capable of addressing the issue while satisfying all the associated requirements. This paper presents a holistic approach to the continuous real time damage growth monitoring and early damage detection in aircraft structure. The main component of the system is a piezoelectric transducers (PZT) network. It is complemented by other SHM methods: Comparative Vacuum Monitoring (CVMTM) and Resistance Gauges at selected aircraft hot spots. The paper offers the description of damage detection capabilities including the analysis of data collected from the PZL-130 Orlik aircraft full-scale fatigue test.
Assessment of Sensor Technologies for Aircraft SHM Systems
Authors: Kurnyta Artur , Dragan Krzysztof , Dziendzikowski Michal 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
SHM is a monitoring system which uses sensors, actuators and data transmission, acquisition and analysis, permanently integrated with the inspected object. The objective of SHM is to detect, localize, identify and predict development of fatigue fractures, increasing safety and reliability. This paper presents an assessment of sensor technologies used in aircraft SHM system. Due to the fact that most of these measurement methods are relatively new and still under development the present appraisal focuses on a number of parameters with reference to each method, including a sensor’s installation issues, reliability, power consumption, sensor infrastructure, sensitivity and cost and availability. The work is predominantly focused on the assessment ofpermanently bonded sensors, such as foil strain gages, Comparative Vacuum Monitoring (CVM), Piezo sensors (PZT), Eddy-Current Transducers (ECT). Finally, all these methods are briefly discussed.
“FULL-CORE” VVER-440 calculation benchmark
Authors: Krýsl V. , Mikoláš P. , Sprinzl D. , Švarný J. , Temesvári E. , Pós I. , Heraltová L. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Because of the difficulties with experimental validation of power distribution predicted by macro-code on the pin by pin level we decided to prepare a calculation benchmark named “FULL-CORE” VVER-440. This benchmark is a two-dimensional (2D) calculation benchmark based on the VVER-440 reactor core cold state geometry with taking into account the geometry of explicit radial reflector. The main task of this benchmark is to test the pin by pin power distribution in fuel assemblies predicted by macro-codes that are used for neutron-physics calculations especially for VVER-440 reactors. The proposal of this benchmark was presented at the 21st Symposium of AER in 2011. The reference solution has been calculated by MCNP code using Monte Carlo method and the results have been published in the AER community. The results of reference calculation were presented at the 22nd Symposium of AER in 2012. In this paper we will compare the available macro-codes results of this calculation benchmark.
Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging grading and pathological grading in meningioma
Authors: Lin Bon-Jour , Chou Kuan-Nein , Kao Hung-Wen , Lin Chin , Tsai Wen-Chiuan , Feng Shao-Wei , Lee Meei-Shyuan , Hueng Dueng-Yuan 
Published: August 2014

Object
This study investigated the specific preoperative MRI features of patients with intracranial meningiomas that correlate with pathological grade and provide appropriate preoperative planning.

Methods
From 2006 to 2012, 120 patients (36 men and 84 women, age range 20–89 years) with newly diagnosed symptomatic intracranial meningiomas undergoing resection were retrospectively analyzed in terms of radiological features of preoperative MRI. There were 90 WHO Grade I and 30 WHO Grade II or III meningiomas. The relationships between MRI features and WHO histopathological grade were analyzed and scored quantitatively.

Results
According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, age ≥ 75 years, indistinct tumorbrain interface, positive capsular enhancement, and heterogeneous tumor enhancement were identified factors in the prediction of advanced histopathological grade. The prediction model was quantified as a scoring scale: 2 × (age) + 5 × (tumor-brain interface) + 3 × (capsular enhancement) + 2 × (tumor enhancement). The calculated score correlated positively with the probability of high-grade meningioma.

Conclusions
This scoring approach may be useful for clinicians in determining therapeutic strategy and in surgical planning for patients with intracranial meningiomas.
Flexible endoscopy for management of intraventricular brain tumors in patients with small ventricles
Authors: Ogiwara Hideki , Morota Nobuhito 
Published: August 2014

Object
Endoscopic surgery is generally withheld in patients with small ventricles due to difficulties in ventricular cannulation and intraventricular manipulation. The effectiveness of flexible endoscopy for management of intraventricular brain tumors in patients with small ventricles was evaluated.

Methods
Forty-five patients who underwent endoscopic surgery with a flexible endoscope for intraventricular brain tumors were divided into small-ventricle and ventriculomegaly groups according to the frontal and occipital horn ratio (FOR). Retrospective review of these cases was performed and achievement of surgical goals and morbidity were assessed.

Results
Among the 45 patients, there were 14 with small ventricles and 31 with ventriculomegaly. In the smallventricle group, targeted tumors were located in the suprasellar region in 12 patients and in the pineal region in 2. In the ventriculomegaly group, tumors were located in the pineal region in 15 patients, in the suprasellar region in 9, in the lateral ventricle in 4, in the midbrain in 2, and in the fourth ventricle in 1. In the small-ventricle group, ventricular cannulation was successful and the surgical goals were accomplished in all patients. In ventriculomegaly group, sampling of the tumor was not diagnostic due to intraoperative hemorrhage in 1 patient. There were no significant differences in the rate of achieving the surgical goals or the morbidity between the 2 groups.

Conclusions
Endoscopic surgery using a flexible endoscope is useful for management of intraventricular brain tumors in patients with small ventricles. A flexible endoscope allows excellent maneuverability in introducing the device into the lateral ventricle and manipulating through small ventricles.
Adverse events in emergency oncological spine surgery: a prospective analysis
Authors: Dea Nicolas , Versteeg Anne , Fisher Charles , Kelly Adrienne , Hartig Dennis , Boyd Michael , Paquette Scott , Kwon Brian K. , Dvorak Marcel , Street John 
Published: August 2014

Object
Most descriptions of spine surgery morbidity and mortality in the literature are retrospective. Emerging prospective analyses of adverse events (AEs) demonstrate significantly higher rates, suggesting underreporting in retrospective and prospective studies that do not include AEs as a targeted outcome. Emergency oncological spine surgeries are generally palliative to reduce pain and improve patients' neurology and health-related quality of life. In individuals with limited life expectancy, AEs can have catastrophic implications; therefore, an accurate AE incidence must be considered in the surgical decision-making process. The purpose of this study was to determine the true incidence of AEs associated with emergency oncological spine surgery.

Methods
The authors carried out a prospective cohort study in a quaternary care referral center that included consecutive patients admitted between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2012. Inclusion criteria were all patients undergoing emergency surgery for metastatic spine disease. AE data were reported and collected on standardized AE forms (Spine AdVerse Events Severity System, version 2 [SAVES V2] forms) at weekly dedicated morbidity and mortality rounds attended by attending surgeons, residents, fellows, and nursing staff.

Results
A total of 101 patients (50 males, 51 females) met the inclusion criteria and had complete data. Seventysix patients (76.2%) had at least 1 AE, and 11 patients (10.9%) died during their admission. Intraoperative surgical AEs were observed in 32% of patients (9.9% incidental durotomy, 16.8% blood loss > 2 L). Transient neurological deterioration occurred in 6 patients (5.9%). Infectious complications in this patient population were significant (surgical site 6%, other 50.5%). Delirium complicated the postoperative period in 20.8% of cases.

Conclusions
When evaluated in a rigorous prospective manner, metastatic spine surgery is associated with a higher morbidity rate than previously reported. This AE incidence must be considered by the patient, oncologist, and surgeon to determine appropriate management and preventative strategies to reduce AEs in this fragile patient population.
Efficacité des opérations de marketing viral : évaluation de l'expérience en ligne et image de marque
Authors: Renard Damien 
Published: August 2014

La réussite d’une opération de marketing viral suppose pour l’annonceur d’offrir à l’internaute une expérience suffisamment impliquante pour que celui-ci la recommande. La question des effets sur l’image de marque mérite d’être posée. Aussi, l’objectif de nos travaux est de mesurer les effets de la participation à une opération de marketing viral sur l’image de la marque. Les jeux promotionnels en ligne sont un format particulièrement utilisé dans les campagnes de marketing viral : de par les opportunités technologiques, les annonceurs peuvent élaborer des mécaniques de jeux permettant une véritable immersion du joueur. Dans cette perspective, la théorie de l’expérience optimale, développée par Csikszentmihalyi, peut être utilisée pour analyser les effets du jeu sur la perception de la marque.
Seasonal rates of benthic primary production in a Greenland fjord measured by aquatic eddy correlation
Authors: Attard Karl M. , Glud Ronnie N. , McGinnis Daniel F. , Rysgaard Søren 
Published: August 2014

We present the first year‐round estimates of benthic primary production at four contrasting shallow (3–22 m depth) benthic habitats in a southwest Greenland fjord. In situ measurements were performed using the noninvasive aquatic eddy‐correlation (EC) oxygen (O2) flux method. A series of high‐quality multiple‐day EC data sets document the presence of a year‐round productive benthic phototrophic community. The shallow‐water sites were on average autotrophic during the spring and summer months, up to 43.6 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, and heterotrophic or close to metabolic balance during the autumn and winter. Substantial benthic gross primary production (GPP) was measured year‐round. The highest GPP rates were measured during the spring, up to 5.7 mmol O2 m−2 h−1 (136.8 mmol O2 m−2 d−1), and even at low light levels (< 80 µmol quanta m−2 s−1) during late autumn and winter we measured rates of up to 1.8 mmol O2 m−2 h−1 (43.2 mmol O2 m−2 d−1) during peak irradiance. The benthic phototrophic communities responded seasonally to ambient light levels and exhibited year‐round high photosynthetic efficiency. In situ downwelling irradiances as low as ∼ 2 µmol quanta m−2 s−1 induced an autotrophic response and light saturation indices (Ik) were as low as 11 µmol quanta m−2 s−1 in the winter. On an annual timescale, the average areal rate of benthic GPP was 11.5 mol O2 m−2 yr−1, which is ∼ 1.4 times higher than the integrated gross pelagic primary production of the ∼ 30–50 m deep photic zone of the fjord. These results document the importance of benthic photosynthesis on an ecosystem level and indicate that the benthic phototrophic compartment should be accounted for when assessing carbon and nutrient budgets as well as responses of coastal Arctic ecosystems to climate change.
Identifying variable sea ice carbon contributions to the Arctic ecosystem: A case study using highly branched isoprenoid lipid biomarkers in Cumberland Sound ringed seals
Authors: Brown T. A. , Alexander C. , Yurkowski D. J. , Ferguson S. H. , Belt S. T. 
Published: August 2014

We analyzed liver samples from 322 ringed seals (Pusa hispida) collected from Cumberland Sound (southeast Baffin Island) to test our ability to differentiate between carbon sources in near apex predators. Highly branched isoprenoids (HBIs) were present in all samples, and their distributions were consistent with recognized seal habitat use. HBI distributions in mature seals (≥ 5 yr) confirmed a less variable carbon source during winter, consistent with geographically restricted sexually mediated territorialism. In contrast, HBI distributions were more variable for immature seals (< 5 yr old), consistent with increased movements and body growth—mediated habitat selection. The ubiquitous presence of sea ice—derived HBIs (e.g., the ‘Ice Proxy with 25 carbons’) in every seal collected throughout January—December indicates that springtime sea ice primary production remains important for ringed seals throughout the year. HBI distributions remain largely unaltered by trophic transfer, enabling them to document short‐term (< 4 weeks) and seasonal changes in carbon. This important characteristic of HBIs facilitated interpretation of sea ice—derived carbon use by seals over annual and interannual timeframes and identified strong associations between sea ice carbon use and insolation as well as sea ice extent. Analysis of HBI distributions could be used to monitor and predict the response of Arctic organisms to reducing sea ice extent and the associated decline in future sea ice primary production over a range of temporal scales.
Diabetes and Hypertension Quality Measurement in Four Safety-Net Sites
Authors: Benkert R. , Dennehy P. , White J. , Hamilton A. , Tanner C. , Pohl J.M. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackground: In this new era after the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act of 2009, the literature on lessons learned with electronic health record (EHR) implementation needs to be revisited.Objectives: Our objective was to describe what implementation of a commercially available EHR with built-in quality query algorithms showed us about our care for diabetes and hypertension populations in four safety net clinics, specifically feasibility of data retrieval, measurements over time, quality of data, and how our teams used this data.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2008 to October 2012 in four safety-net clinics located in the Midwest and Western United States. A data warehouse that stores data from across the U.S was utilized for data extraction from patients with diabetes or hypertension diagnoses and at least two office visits per year. Standard quality measures were collected over a period of two to four years. All sites were engaged in a partnership model with the IT staff and a shared learning process to enhance the use of the quality metrics.Results: While use of the algorithms was feasible across sites, challenges occurred when attempting to use the query results for research purposes. There was wide variation of both process and outcome results by individual centers. Composite calculations balanced out the differences seen in the individual measures. Despite using consistent quality definitions, the differences across centers had an impact on numerators and denominators. All sites agreed to a partnership model of EHR implementation, and each center utilized the available resources of the partnership for Center-specific quality initiatives.Conclusions: Utilizing a shared EHR, a Regional Extension Center-like partnership model, and similar quality query algorithms allowed safety-net clinics to benchmark and improve the quality of care across differing patient populations and health care delivery models.Citation: Benkert R, Dennehy P, White J, Hamilton A, Tanner C, Pohl JM. Diabetes and hypertension quality measurement in four safety-net sites: Lessons learned after implementation of the same commercial electronic health record. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 757–772http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-03-RA-0019
OTIMIZAÇÃO DA DESIDRATAÇÃO OSMÓTICA DE INHAME (<i>Colocasia esculenta</i>) PARA FRITURA
Authors: Diniz Igor Presotti , Pirozi Mônica Ribeiro , Quintero Alfredo Carlos Fernandes , Paula Cláudia Denise de , Zamboni Júlia Cruz 
Published: August 2014

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as condições ótimas para desidratação osmótica de inhame (Colocasia esculenta), submetido ao congelamento e fritura. Amostras provenientes das trêsmelhores condições de desidratação osmótica e uma amostra controle foram avaliadas sensorialmente. Os resultados mostraram desidratação máxima acima de 15% da massa inicial, sob as seguintes condições: concentração de 8 g de cloreto de sódio e 60 g de sacarose por 100 mL de solução, durante 50 minutos de contato e temperaturas de 30, 60 e 70ºC. A avaliação sensorial mostrou que o inhame frito pode constituir nova alternativa para o mercado consumidor de inhame e que a desidratação osmótica influencioubeneficamente suas características.
QUALIDADE QUÍMICA E SENSORIAL DE CACHAÇAS PRODUZIDAS COM QUATRO LINHAGENS DE <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (FLOCULANTES, NÃO-PRODUTORAS DE H2S E DE REFERÊNCIA)
Authors: Silva Carol Líliam Coelho , Rosa Carlos Augusto , Maia Amazile Biagioni Ribeiro de Abreu , Oliveira Evelyn Souza 
Published: August 2014

Foram produzidas em escala de laboratório quatro cachaças utilizando-se diferentes linhagens de leveduras S. cerevisiae, sendo duas floculantes (UFMGA 1240 UFMGA 1799), uma não-produtora de H2S (UFMGA 1207) e uma linhagem de referência (UFMGA 905). Destilou-se o caldo-de-cana fermentado (vinho) em alambique de cobre com capacidade útil de 5 litros. A temperatura e a velocidade da destilação foram padronizadas, bem como a separação da fração cabeça (10% do volume de cachaça). Nas cachaças foram realizadas as seguintes determinações analíticas: aldeído em aldeído acético, ésteres em acetato de etila, acidez total, volátil e fixa, alcóois superiores (propanol, isobutanol e álcool isoamílico) e grau alcoólico. Todos os compostos das cachaças enquadraram-se nos limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira, com exceção dos alcóois superiores na cachaça obtida com a linhagem UFMGA 1207. Entre os compostos secundários determinados nas cachaças, o propanol apresentou correlação positiva (p£0,05) com os resultados da análise sensorial para sabor, aroma e impressão global. Todas as cachaças apresentaram boa aceitação pelos julgadores, com a maioria das notas acima do conceito “gostei ligeiramente” (6). As cachaças avaliadas não diferiram (p£0,05) em relação aos atributos de sabor e impressão global.