bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erythropoietin-mediated expression of placenta growth factor is regulated via activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and post-transcriptionally bymiR-214in sickle cell disease
Authors: Gonsalves Caryn S. , Li Chen , Mpollo Marthe-Sandrine Eiymo Mwa , Pullarkat Vinod , Malik Punam , Tahara Stanley M. , Kalra Vijay K. 
Published: April 2015

Placental growth factor (PlGF) plays an important role in various pathological conditions and diseases such as inflammation, cancer, atherosclerosis and sickle cell disease (SCD). Abnormally high PlGF levels in SCD patients are associated with increased inflammation and pulmonary hypertension (PHT) and reactive airway disease; however, the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms regulating PlGF expression are not well defined. Herein, we show that treatment of human erythroid cells and colony forming units with erythropoietin (EPO) increased PlGF expression. Our studies showed EPO-mediated activation of HIF-1α led to subsequent binding of HIF-1α to hypoxia response elements (HREs) within the PlGF promoter, as demonstrated by luciferase transcription reporter assays and ChIP analysis of the endogenous gene. Additionally, we showed miR-214 post-transcriptionally regulated the expression of PlGF as demonstrated by luciferase reporter assays using wild-type (wt) and mutant PlGF-3′-UTR constructs. Furthermore, synthesis of miR-214, located in an intron of DNM3 (dynamin 3), was transcriptionally regulated by transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). These results were corroborated in vivo wherein plasma from SCD patients and lung tissues from sickle mice showed an inverse correlation between PlGF and miR-214 levels. Finally, we observed that miR-214 expression could be induced by fenofibrate, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved PPARα agonist, thus revealing a potential therapeutic approach for reduction in PlGF levels by increasing miR-214 transcription. This strategy has potential clinical implications for several pathological conditions including SCD.
Targeted disruption of PDE3B, but not PDE3A, protects murine heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Chung Youn Wook , Lagranha Claudia , Chen Yong , Sun Junhui , Tong Guang , Hockman Steven C. , Ahmad Faiyaz , Esfahani Shervin G. , Bae Dahae H. , Polidovitch Nazari , Wu Jian , Rhee Dong Keun , Lee Beom Seob , Gucek Marjan , Daniels Mathew P. , Brantner Christine A. , Backx Peter H. , Murphy Elizabeth , Manganiello Vincent C. 
Published: April 2015

Significance
By catalyzing the destruction of cAMP and cGMP, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) regulate their intracellular concentrations and biological actions. Eleven distinct gene families (PDE1–PDE11) define the PDE superfamily. Most families contain several PDE genes. Two separate but related genes generate PDE3 subfamilies PDE3A and PDE3B. Although inhibition of PDE3 protects rodent heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, the specific PDE3 isoform involved is undetermined. Using PDE3A- and PDE3B-KO mice, we report that deletion of PDE3B, but not PDE3A, protected mouse heart from I/R injury in vivo and in vitro, via cAMP-induced preconditioning. To our knowledge, our study is the first to define a role for PDE3B in cardioprotection against I/R injury and suggests PDE3B as a target for cardiovascular therapies.
Electric field measurement in gas discharges using stark shifts of He I lines and their forbidden counterparts
Authors: Cvetanović N , Martinović M M , Obradović B M , Kuraica M M 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
A spectroscopic method for the measurement of macroscopic electric field strength in discharges, based on Stark shifts of several helium emission lines with their forbidden counterparts, is presented. The shifts of forbidden and allowed π components are calculated for eight line groups of helium. For practical use, polynomial functions are provided for the shifts of line groups applicable in the visible range. The method is an extension and improvement of a previously established method for two line groups. Line fitting procedures are presented that take into account components of a given helium line group, provide higher accuracy compared to simple evaluation, and enable measurements of lower field values. The method and fitting procedure were experimentally tested and verified by measuring the field distribution in the cathode fall of a low pressure glow discharge. Due to its ab initio basis the presented method can be used for measuring electric field distributions in various types of discharges, independently of other plasma parameters and fulfillment of special conditions.
Onset, intensification, and decline of phytoplankton blooms in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Llort Joan , Lévy Marina , Sallée Jean-Baptiste , Tagliabue Alessandro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe seasonal cycle of phytoplankton biomass in the Southern Ocean (SO) is characterized by a period of rapid accumulation, known as bloom, that is typical of high-latitude regions. Recent studies have illustrated how spatial and temporal dynamics of blooms in the SO are more complex than in other oceans. This complexity is likely related to differences in vertical mixing and the iron availability. In this work, we examine the sensitivity of bloom dynamics to changes in vertical mixing and iron availability using a biogeochemical model. Under idealized physical forcing, we produce seasonal cycles of phytoplankton for an ensemble of SO scenarios and we describe the bloom dynamics in terms of the net biomass accumulation rate. Based on this metric, we define three crucial bloom phases: the onset, the climax, and the apex. For the ensemble of modelled blooms, onsets always occur in winter and can be either bottom-up (increase in productivity) or top-down (decrease in grazing) controlled. Climaxes are mostly found in spring and their magnitudes are bottom-up controlled. Apexes are always found in late spring and strongly top-down controlled. Our results show that while a “strict” onset definition is consistent with a winter onset, the surface spring bloom is associated with the climax of the integrated bloom. Furthermore, we demonstrate that onset phase can be distinguished from climax phase using appropriate bloom detection methods based on surface satellite-based products. The ensemble of these results suggests that Sverdrup's blooming conditions are not indicative of the bloom onset but of the climax. We conclude that the recent bloom onset debate may partly be due to a confusion between what is defined here as the bloom onset and the climax, and that the SO observed complexity is due to the factors that control the climax.
Experimental research and numerical analysis in thin film lubrication of point contact
Authors: Liu Deliang , Cao Shuhua , Xu Jiujun 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to establish a rapid and effective numerical model of thin film lubrication with clear physical conception, in which viscosity variation along the direction of film thickness was used instead of average viscosity, and continuous Reynolds equation was used in the calculation of thin film lubrication.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on rheology and thin film lubrication with point contact and considering features of shear thinning and like-solidification of lubricant oil in the thin film lubrication state, a modified formula with overall average equivalent viscosity was proposed by combining numerical calculation and experiment data.

Findings
– It is a fast and efficient method for film lubrication state simulation.

Research limitations/implications
– Thin film lubrication research on a nanoscale is very popular, and a variety of thin film lubrication models are proposed. Due to the complexity of thin film lubrication, it is still in the stage of revealing law and establishing calculation model.

Originality/value
– The key issue is how to obtain the viscosity correction formula derived from engineering practice, also considered the lubricating oil class solidification and shear-thinning properties on thin film lubrication, while based on the system experiment, the viscosity modified formula for the gap, speed changes are proposed to obtain the overall average equivalent viscosity which makes the thin film lubrication micro to macro, so that a clear physical meaning for thin-film lubrication numerical calculation model is established.
Experimental study on load capacity of nanoparticles-laden gas film in thrust bearing
Authors: Yang Zhiru , Diao Dongfeng , Fan Hongyan , Fan Xue , Wang Chao 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study the load capacity of nanoparticles-laden gas film (NLGF) in thrust bearing.

Design/methodology/approach
– SiO2 nanoparticles were added into gas to form an NLGF. The nanoparticles volume fraction in the film was controlled by a vibrator. The film thickness and the film pressure were measured by a micro cantilever displacement sensor and a membrane pressure sensor, respectively. The total load that makes the film thickness keeping constant was quantified, and then, the film load capacity was obtained.

Findings
– The investigation shows that nanoparticles can enlarge the film load capacity remarkably; even a little amount of nanoparticles (0.01 per cent) could lead to a sharp rise. With the increase of nanoparticles volume fraction, load capacity increases. However, the increment of load capacity decreases gradually. In addition, the film pressure variation proves the enhancement effect of nanoparticles on the film load capacity.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper is restricted to the findings based on NLGF, which is formed by dispersing SiO2 nanoparticles in gas film as an additive. The experimental results are applicable within the range of nanoparticles volume fraction of 0.01-0.33 per cent.

Originality/value
– The fact that nanoparticles could enlarge the gas film load capacity is verified by experiment for the first time. This study reveals the corresponding relation between nanoparticles volume fraction and the film load capacity.
Characterization of lubrication of asymmetric rollers including thermal effects
Authors: Sajja Venkata Subrahmanyam , Prasad Dhaneshwar 
Published: April 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to deal with the qualitative analysis of hydrodynamic lubrication of asymmetric rollers with non-Newtonian incompressible power law lubricants including Newtonian.Design/methodology/approach– The fluid flow governing equations such as equation of motion along with continuity and thermal equations are solved first analytically and investigated numerically by the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method.Findings– As a result of this work, it is found that there is a significant change in temperature, pressure, load and traction with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.Research limitations/implications– The authors considered incompressible hydrodynamic lubrication of two rigid asymmetric rollers, one of them is assumed to be adiabatic. The convection term of the heat flow equation is taken in its average form.Originality/value– It is a theoretical problem of two heavily loaded rigid cylindrical rollers with cavitations, where the consistency of the power law lubricant is assumed to vary with pressure and the mean film temperature. It has not appeared in the literature.
Observing versus Predicting: Initial Patterns of Filling Predict Long‐Term Adherence More Accurately Than High‐Dimensional Modeling Techniques
Authors: Franklin Jessica M. , Shrank William H. , Lii Joyce , Krumme Alexis K. , Matlin Olga S. , Brennan Troyen A. , Choudhry Niteesh K. 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveDespite the proliferation of databases with increasingly rich patient data, prediction of medication adherence remains poor. We proposed and evaluated approaches for improved adherence prediction.Data SourcesWe identified Medicare beneficiaries who received prescription drug coverage through CVS Caremark and initiated a statin.Study DesignA total of 643 variables were identified at baseline from prior claims and linked Census data. In addition, we identified three postbaseline predictors, indicators of adherence to statins during each of the first 3 months of follow‐up. We estimated 10 models predicting subsequent adherence, using logistic regression and boosted logistic regression, a nonparametric data‐mining technique. Models were also estimated within strata defined by the index days supply.ResultsIn 77,703 statin initiators, prediction using baseline variables only was poor with maximum cross‐validated C‐statistics of 0.606 and 0.577 among patients with index supply ≤30 days and >30 days, respectively. Using only indicators of initial statin adherence improved prediction accuracy substantially among patients with shorter initial dispensings (C = 0.827/0.518), and, when combined with investigator‐specified variables, prediction accuracy was further improved (C = 0.842/0.596).ConclusionsObserved adherence immediately after initiation predicted future adherence for patients whose initial dispensings were relatively short.
Great ‘app‐eal’ but not there yet: A review of iPhone nutrition applications relevant to child weight management
Authors: Burrows Tracy L. , Khambalia Amina Z. , Perry Rebecca , Carty Danika , Hendrie Gilly A. , Allman‐Farinelli Margaret A. , Garnett Sarah P. , McNaughton Sarah A. , Rangan Anna M. , Truby Helen , Collins Clare E. , Golley Rebecca K. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAimsThere is increasing interest in the use of smartphone applications (apps) for delivering child obesity management interventions and supporting lifestyle behaviour change; however, there has been very little academic research on their development. Our aim is to review nutrition‐related apps designed for children currently available in Australia for their usefulness in education or support behavioural interventions for child obesity.MethodsApps available for download in iTunes Australia between 2 April and 3 June 2013 which were suitable for children >12 years were identified. Key words were chosen to identify apps applicable to children, focusing on nutrition.ResultsA total of 27 apps were included. Most apps (24/27) were not based on evidence‐informed recommendations. A third of apps were developed in the USA (n = 10; 37%) and were free (67%), nine apps required upfront payment, with a mean cost of $A2.80 (range $A0.99–$A7.49). The most common nutrition features were the promotion of energy balance (n = 12 apps) and guidance on appropriate portion size (n = 15). The most common behaviour change feature was goal setting (n = 15). The five apps that scored most highly against the characteristics reviewed were: Calorie Counter Pro by My Net Diary, Weight Watchers, Swap It Don't Stop It, Control My Weight by CalorieKing and Rate What I Ate—Photo Diet Tracker.ConclusionsVery few apps were identified that could be used in education or support behavioural interventions for child obesity. There is a need to harness this technology and evaluate the applicability and use within childhood obesity research interventions.
Transaction costs in an illiquid order‐driven market
Authors: Marshall Ben R. , Nguyen Nhut H. , Visaltanachoti Nuttawat 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTransaction costs in many international equity markets are much larger than those in the USA. This raises questions such as what trade size these reported trading costs relate to and whether investors can reduce trading costs by timing their trades. We show, using data from the order‐driven New Zealand market, that transaction costs are frequently lower for larger trades, particularly in small stocks, and investors are able to reduce costs by timing their transactions. While investors who require immediate execution incur transaction costs that are much higher than reported average costs, patient investors can trade at much better rates.
Interleukin (IL)-22 receptor 1 is over-expressed in primary Sjogren's syndrome and Sjögren-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas and is regulated by IL-18
Authors: Ciccia F , Guggino G , Rizzo A , Bombardieri M , Raimondo S , Carubbi F , Cannizzaro A , Sireci G , Dieli F , Campisi G , Giacomelli R , Cipriani Paola , De Leo G , Alessandro R , Triolo G 
Published: April 2015

Summary
The aim of this study was to elucidate more clearly the role of interleukin (IL)-18 in modulating the IL-22 pathway in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients and in pSS-associated lymphomas. Minor salivary glands (MSGs) from patients with pSS and non-specific chronic sialoadenitis (nSCS), parotid glands biopsies from non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) developed in pSS patients, were evaluated for IL-18, IL-22, IL-22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1), IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) expression. MSGs IL-22R1-expressing cells were characterized by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry in pSS, nSCS and healthy controls. The effect of recombinant IL-18 and IL-22 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from pSS and nSCS was studied by flow cytometry and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). MSGs of pSS and NHL were characterized by an imbalance between IL-22 and IL-22BP protein expression, with IL-18 and IL-22BP being expressed in a mutually exclusive manner and IL-18 and IL-22R1 being correlated directly. Aberrant expression of IL-22R1, induced by IL-18, was observed only among tissue and circulating myeloid cells of pSS patients and macrophages of NHL tissues of pSS patients, but not nSCS. IL-22R1 expression on PBMC of pSS was functional, as its stimulation with recombinant IL-22 significantly up-regulated the expression of STAT-3, IL-17 and IL-22. An IL-18-dependent aberrant expression of IL-22R1 on cells of haematopoietic origin seems to be a specific immunological signature of patients with pSS and pSS-associated lymphomas.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of the accuracy of MRI and endorectal ultrasound in the restaging and response assessment of rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Memon S. , Lynch A. C. , Bressel M. , Wise A. G. , Heriot A. G. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAimRestaging imaging by MRI or endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is not routinely performed, but the assessment of response is becoming increasingly important to facilitate individualization of management.MethodA search of the MEDLINE and Scopus databases was performed for studies that evaluated the accuracy of restaging of rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with MRI or ERUS against the histopathological outcome. A systematic review of selected studies was performed. The methodological quality of studies that qualified for meta‐analysis was critically assessed to identify studies suitable for inclusion in the meta‐analysis.ResultsSixty‐three articles were included in the systematic review. Twelve restaging MRI studies and 18 restaging ERUS studies were eligible for meta‐analysis of T‐stage restaging accuracy. Overall, ERUS T‐stage restaging accuracy (mean [95% CI]: 65% [56–72%]) was nonsignificantly higher than MRI T‐stage accuracy (52% [44–59%]). Restaging MRI is accurate at excluding circumferential resection margin involvement. Restaging MRI and ERUS were equivalent for prediction of nodal status: the accuracy of both investigations was 72% with over‐staging and under‐staging occurring in 10–15%.ConclusionThe heterogeneity amongst restaging studies is high, limiting conclusive findings regarding their accuracies. The accuracy of restaging imaging is different for different pathological T stages and highest for T3 tumours. Morphological assessment of T‐ or N‐stage by MRI or ERUS is currently not accurate or consistent enough for clinical application. Restaging MRI appears to have a role in excluding circumferential resection margin involvement.
Impact on glycated haemoglobin of a biological response‐based measure of medication adherence
Authors: Nichols G. A. , Rosales A. G. , Kimes T. M. , Tunceli K. , Kurtyka K. , Mavros P. , Steiner J. F. 
Published: April 2015

AimsThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between a specific glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement and a pharmaceutical dispensings‐based measure of adherence calculated over the 90 days before each HbA1c measure among patients who have newly initiated metformin therapy.MethodsWe identified 3109 people with type 2 diabetes who initiated metformin as their first‐ever antihyperglycaemic drug, analysing all 9918 HbA1c measurements that were taken over the next 2 years. We used an adaptation of the ‘proportion of days covered’ method for assessing medication adherence that corresponded to an ∼90‐day interval preceding an HbA1c measurement, terming the adaptation the ‘biological response‐based proportion of days covered’ (BRB‐PDC). To account for multiple observations per patient, we analysed the association between HbA1c and BRB‐PDC within the generalized estimating equation framework. Analyses were stratified by HbA1c level before metformin initiation using a threshold of 8% (64 mmol/mol).ResultsAfter multivariable adjustment using 0% adherence as the reference category, BRB‐PDC in the range 50–79% was associated with HbA1c values lower by −0.113 [95% confidence interval (CI) −0.202, −0.025] among patients with pre‐metformin HbA1c <8%, and by −0.247 (95% CI −0.390, −0.104) among those with HbA1c ≥8% at metformin initiation. Full adherence (≥80%) was associated with HbA1c values lower by −0.175% (95% CI −0.257, −0.093) and by −0.453% (95% CI −0.586, −0.320).ConclusionsUsing this novel short‐interval approach that more closely associates adherence with the expected biological response, the association between better adherence and HbA1c levels was considerably stronger than has been previously reported; however, the strength of the impact was dependent upon the HbA1c level before initiating metformin.
Decreased invasive fungal disease but no impact on overall survival by posaconazole compared to fluconazole prophylaxis: a retrospective cohort study in patients receiving induction therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia/myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Dahlén Torsten , Kalin Mats , Cederlund Kerstin , Nordlander Anna , Björkholm Magnus , Ljungman Per , Blennow Ola 
Published: April 2015

AbstractObjectivePosaconazole prophylaxis during induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has been shown to significantly decrease the incidence of invasive fungal disease (IFD) and increase overall survival in a trial setting, but only small real‐life studies have been published.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with AML/MDS treated with intensive induction chemotherapy; 176 patients received fluconazole prophylaxis 2008–2011 and 107 patients received posaconazole prophylaxis 2011–2013. Only proven and probable IFD according to the revised EORTC/MSG criteria were included in the analysis.ResultsThe two cohorts were well matched without significant differences in patient characteristics. At day 100, patients receiving posaconazole had a significantly lower incidence of total IFD (0.9% vs. 10.8%, P < 0.01), invasive aspergillosis (0% vs. 5.7%, P = 0.02) and invasive candidiasis (0% vs. 4.0%, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in overall survival, neither at day 100 (87% in the posaconazole group vs. 85% in the fluconazole group) nor at end of follow‐up (78% vs. 77%).ConclusionsPosaconazole prophylaxis decreased the incidence of IFD but did not improve short‐term overall survival. Improved treatment efficacy of manifest IFD is likely to explain the lack of survival benefit.