bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐Dimensional Echocardiographic Evaluation of Mitral Apparatus during Preload Manipulation in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chung Hyemoon , Yoon Ji Hyun , Yoon Young Won , Chung Ji Young , Cha Jung‐Joon , Kim Jong‐Youn , Min Pil‐Ki , Lee Byoung‐Kwon , Hong Bum‐Kee , Rim Se‐Joong , Kwon Hyuck Moon , Choi Eui‐Young 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundThe three‐dimensional (3D) dynamic change of mitral geometry during preload manipulation has not been fully investigated. We investigated how preload manipulation affected the mitral apparatus geometry in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients using 3D echocardiography.Methods and ResultsTwenty five HCM patients, thirteen with obstructive HCM (HOCM) and twelve with nonobstructive HCM (HNCM), and six healthy controls were studied. Subjects underwent 3D echocardiography during rest, leg raising, the Valsalva maneuver, and the Valsalva maneuver after nitroglycerin intake (NTG‐Valsalva). Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) pressure gradients, mitral annular area, annular circumference, and the tenting volume of the mitral leaflets were measured. Standardized annular area significantly decreased during the NTG‐Valsalva maneuver in all 3 groups (▵2.23 mm2/m2 in control, P = 0.031; ▵0.46 mm2/m2 in HNCM, P = 0.012; ▵1.3 mm2/m2 in HOCM, P = 0.013). Standardized annular area decrease during the Valsalva maneuver alone was more prominent in HNCM patients (▵0.57 mm2/m2, P = 0.009) than HOCM patients (▵0.3 mm2/m2, P = 0.094). Standardized mitral tenting volume during the NTG‐Valsalva maneuver significantly decreased only in HOCM patients (▵1.18 mm3/m2, P = 0.046).ConclusionDecreased mitral annular area and changes in leaflets tenting volume during preload reduction might affect the development of LVOT obstruction. Our data suggest the importance of preserving the saddle‐shaped of the mitral annulus in management of HCM with LVOT obstruction.
Acute myeloid leukemia in the pregnant patient
Authors: Thomas Xavier 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAlthough acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mostly occurs in older patients, it could be seen in women of childbearing age. It is therefore not surprising that in some patients, the management of AML will be complicated by a coexistent pregnancy. However, the association of leukemia and pregnancy is uncommon. Its incidence is estimated to be 1 in 75 000–100 000 pregnancies. During pregnancy, most leukemias are acute: two‐thirds are myeloid and one‐third are lymphoblastic. There is no standard approach for this clinical dilemma, in part because of variables such as the type of AML, the seriousness of the symptoms, and the patient's personal beliefs. In many cases, the diagnostic workup has to be altered because of the pregnancy, and often available treatments have varying risks to the fetus. While chemotherapy is reported to have some risks during the first trimester, it is admitted that it can be administered safely during the second and the third trimesters.
Estimation of crispness and consumer acceptance of fried potato chips by mechanical and acoustic measurements
Authors: Kwak Han Sub , Chang Yoon Hyuk , Lee Youngseung 
Published: November 2014

SummaryFried potato chips retaining various moisture contents (MCs) (2.21–9.20%) were analysed to estimate the intensity of crispness and consumer acceptance by texture and acoustic measurements. The MC of the chips was highly correlated with the mechanical maximum force (MMF) in the texture measurement, total area (MTA) and number of sound peaks (NSP) in the acoustic measurement. The intensities of crispness and consumer acceptance decreased as the MC of potato chips increased. For the predictive models established, the combined use of mechanical and acoustic parameters was shown to better predict sensory crispness intensity [R2 = 0.975, root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) = 0.138] and consumer overall liking (R2 = 0.966, RMSEP = 0.111) than either parameter alone. Based on the instrumental‐sensory crispness equivalent table established, the estimated values of the MTA were below 71.24, while the NSP should be above 22.81 to meet ‘slightly like’ category of consumer acceptance.
Perspectives on global nursing leadership: international experiences from the field
Authors: Buckner E.B. , Anderson D.J. , Garzon N. , Hafsteinsdóttir T.B. , Lai C.K.Y. , Roshan R. 
Published: November 2014

AimNursing leaders from six countries engaged in a year‐long discussion on global leadership development. The purpose of these dialogues was to strengthen individual and collective capacity as nursing leaders in a global society. Field experiences in practice and education were shared. Perspectives on global leadership can strengthen nurses' contributions to practice, workplace and policy issues worldwide.BackgroundTransformational leadership empowers nurses' increasing confidence. Mentoring is needed to stimulate leadership development but this is lacking in many settings where nurses practice, teach and influence policy. Organizations with global mission provide opportunity for nurses' professional growth in leadership through international dialogues.ProceduresDialogues among participants were held monthly by conference calls or videoconferences. Example stories from each participant illustrated nursing leadership in action. From these exemplars, concepts were chosen to create a framework. Emerging perspectives and leadership themes represented all contexts of practice, education, research and policy. The cultural context of each country was reflected in the examples.ResultsThemes emerged that crossed global regions and countries. Themes were creativity, change, collaboration, community, context and courage.Implications for Nursing and Health PolicyRelationships initially formed in professional organizations can be extended to intentionally facilitate global nursing leadership development. Exemplars from the dialogues demonstrated nursing leadership in health policy development within each cultural context. Recommendations are given for infrastructure development in organizations to enhance future collaborations.
Contrasting reproductive strategies of triploid hybrid males in vertebrate mating systems
Authors: Pruvost N. B. M. , Mikulíček P. , Choleva L. , Reyer H.‐U. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe scarcity of parthenogenetic vertebrates is often attributed to their ‘inferior’ mode of clonal reproduction, which restricts them to self‐reproduce their own genotype lineage and leaves little evolutionary potential with regard to speciation and evolution of sexual reproduction. Here, we show that for some taxa, such uniformity does not hold. Using hybridogenetic water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus) as a model system, we demonstrate that triploid hybrid males from two geographic regions exhibit very different reproductive modes. With an integrative data set combining field studies, crossing experiments, flow cytometry and microsatellite analyses, we found that triploid hybrids from Central Europe are rare, occur in male sex only and form diploid gametes of a single clonal lineage. In contrast, triploid hybrids from north‐western Europe are widespread, occur in both sexes and produce recombined haploid gametes. These differences translate into contrasting reproductive roles between regions. In Central Europe, triploid hybrid males sexually parasitize diploid hybrids and just perpetuate their own genotype – which is the usual pattern in parthenogens. In north‐western Europe, on the other hand, the triploid males are gamete donors for diploid hybrids, thereby stabilizing the mixed 2n‐3n hybrid populations. By demonstrating these contrasting roles in male reproduction, we draw attention to a new significant evolutionary potential for animals with nonsexual reproduction, namely reproductive plasticity.
Pilot Testing an Internet‐Based STI and HIV Prevention Intervention With Chilean Women
Authors: Villegas Natalia , Santisteban Daniel , Cianelli Rosina , Ferrer Lilian , Ambrosia Todd , Peragallo Nilda , Lara Loreto 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPurposeThe incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is high among young Chilean women, and there are no STI or HIV prevention interventions available to them that incorporate technology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the preliminary efficacy of an Internet‐based STI and HIV prevention intervention (I‐STIPI) for Chilean young women on measures of STI‐ and HIV‐related information, motivation, behavioral skills, and preventive behaviors.DesignThis is a pretest‐posttest study. Forty young Chilean women between 18 and 24 years of age participated in an investigation of the I‐STIPI's preliminary efficacy on STI and HIV prevention‐related outcomes between baseline and a postintervention assessment. The intervention consisted of four online modules. Data collection was conducted in Santiago, Chile. Paired‐samples t test analysis was used to determine whether there were significant differences in each of the outcome variables.FindingsAfter receiving I‐STIPI, women reported a significant increase in levels of STI‐ and HIV‐related knowledge, attitudes toward the use of condoms and perceived self‐efficacy, and a reduction of risky sexual behaviors with uncommitted partners.ConclusionsThe I‐STIPI showed promise as an Internet‐based intervention that can reduce barriers to accessing preventive interventions and increase STI and HIV preventive behaviors in young Chilean women.Clinical RelevanceThe study provided important information about the ability of an Internet‐based intervention to reduce young women's risk factors and to provide positive preliminary efficacy on STI‐ and HIV‐related outcomes. Internet‐based interventions can eliminate many barriers to receiving prevention interventions and may prove to be cost effective.
Advances in 3D cell culture technologies enabling tissue‐like structures to be created in vitro
Authors: Knight Eleanor , Przyborski Stefan 
Published: November 2014

AbstractResearch in mammalian cell biology often relies on developing in vitro models to enable the growth of cells in the laboratory to investigate a specific biological mechanism or process under different test conditions. The quality of such models and how they represent the behavior of cells in real tissues plays a critical role in the value of the data produced and how it is used. It is particularly important to recognize how the structure of a cell influences its function and how co‐culture models can be used to more closely represent the structure of real tissue. In recent years, technologies have been developed to enhance the way in which researchers can grow cells and more readily create tissue‐like structures. Here we identify the limitations of culturing mammalian cells by conventional methods on two‐dimensional (2D) substrates and review the popular approaches currently available that enable the development of three‐dimensional (3D) tissue models in vitro. There are now many ways in which the growth environment for cultured cells can be altered to encourage 3D cell growth. Approaches to 3D culture can be broadly categorized into scaffold‐free or scaffold‐based culture systems, with scaffolds made from either natural or synthetic materials. There is no one particular solution that currently satisfies all requirements and researchers must select the appropriate method in line with their needs. Using such technology in conjunction with other modern resources in cell biology (e.g. human stem cells) will provide new opportunities to create robust human tissue mimetics for use in basic research and drug discovery. Application of such models will contribute to advancing basic research, increasing the predictive accuracy of compounds, and reducing animal usage in biomedical science.
Keep on brushing: a longitudinal study of motivational text messaging in young adults aged 18–24 years receiving Work and Income Support
Authors: Schluter Philip , Lee Martin , Hamilton Greg , Coe Gill , Messer‐Perkins Heather , Smith Belinda 
Published: November 2014

SummaryObjectivesUsing text messaging, underpinned by the Health Belief Model, this study aimed to improve tooth brushing frequencies among unemployed young adults aged 18–24 years.MethodsSet within Work and Income's Linwood Community Link office (one Christchurch branch of the New Zealand Government's employment and beneficiary services), unemployed young adults aged 18–24 years with access to a mobile phone were recruited using either a purpose‐built computer kiosk or Work and Income's Facebook site. Participants completed a baseline survey and then received and responded to a series of motivational text messages over 10 weeks. Self‐reported tooth brushing frequency was the primary outcome variable. Important socio‐demographic (age, gender, ethnicity, employment status) and method‐specific (level of attrition, distribution of successful text messages deliveries, active withdrawal) variables were also collected. Longitudinal analyses of these responses employed generalized estimating equation (GEE) models.ResultsFour hundred and three registered for the trial, of whom 171 (42%) were eligible. Self‐reported tooth brushing twice or more per day increased from 51% at baseline to 70% at week 3, 74% at week 6, and 73% at week 9 – an increase significant in crude (P < 0.001) and adjusted (P < 0.001) GEE analyses. No important differences were noted between age, gender, or ethnic groups, although attrition was relatively high with only 26% participating by week 9. However, no evidence of differential attrition was observed.ConclusionsInvention through motivational text messaging improved the measured oral health self‐care behavior in a hard‐to‐reach group carrying a disproportionately heavy oral health burden. This intervention warrants further investigation.
Relationship of Body Size to Metabolic Markers and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Cats
Authors: Freeman L.M. , Rush J.E. , Feugier A. , van Hoek I. 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundCats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are larger and have higher insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) concentrations than cats withoutHCM.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess echocardiographic findings in a colony of adult cats to determine the relationship between early growth and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).AnimalsTwenty‐eight neutered adult cats (20 males, 8 females) from a colony ≥3 years of age for which growth curves were available.MethodsCase–control study. Physical examination and echocardiography were performed, and body weight, body condition score (BCS), and head length and width were measured. Circulating glucose, insulin, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), andIGF‐1 concentrations were measured and growth data were collected. Stepwise multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsMean age was 5.2 ± 1.1 years. CurrentBCSs ranged from 4 to 9 (median, 6) and mean body weight was 4.88 ± 1.29 kg. Variation in body weight was apparent by 6 (mean = 3.26 ± 0.80 kg) and 12 months of age (mean = 4.02 ± 1.02 kg). Cardiac abnormalities included a cardiac murmur (n = 7; 24%), gallop (n = 3; 10%), and arrhythmia (n = 1; 4%). Fourteen of 28 cats (50%) had echocardiographic evidence ofLVH. Head width (P = .017), body weight (P < .001),NT‐proBNP(P = .023), andIGF‐1 (P = .013–.022) were significantly associated with selected measures ofLVH.Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePotential associations between body size,IGF‐1,LVH, andHCMwarrant future prospective studies.
Bradycardia in perspective—not all reductions in heart rate need immediate intervention
Authors: Mason Keira P. , Lönnqvist Per‐Arne 
Published: November 2014

SummaryAccording to Wikipedia, the word ‘bradycardia’ stems from the Greek βραδύς, bradys, ‘slow’, and καρδία, kardia, ‘heart’. Thus, the meaning of bradycardia is slow heart rate but not necessarily too slow heart rate. If looking at top endurance athletes they may have a resting heart rate in the very low thirties without needing emergent intervention with anticholinergics, isoprenaline, epinephrine, chest compressions or the insertion of an emergency pacemaker (Figure 1). In fact, they withstand these episodes without incident, accommodating with a compensatory increase in stroke volume to preserve and maintain cardiac output. With this in mind, it is difficult for the authors to fully understand and agree with the general sentiment amongst many pediatric anesthesiologists that all isolated bradycardia portends impending doom and must be immediately treated with resuscitative measures.
The relationship between patient object relations and the therapeutic alliance in a naturalistic psychotherapy sample
Authors: Errázuriz Paula , Constantino Michael J. , Calvo Esteban 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesThis study examined the relationship between patients' object relations and interpersonal process in psychotherapy. Namely, we tested the hypothesis that the quality of patients' object relations is positively associated with both patient‐ and therapist‐rated alliance quality.DesignPsychotherapy was administered naturalistically, with quantitative data collection before and during treatment.MethodsParticipants included 73 adult outpatients and 23 therapists at two mental health clinics. Using the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory, we measured four dimensions of patients' object relations at baseline—alienation, insecure attachment, egocentricity, and social incompetence. Using the Working Alliance Inventory, we measured alliance from patient and therapist perspectives. Control variables included time, patient demographics, symptom severity, and clinic. We employed hierarchical linear modelling to analyse data with a nested structure, with 138 sessions at Level 1, 73 patients at Level 2, and 23 therapists at Level 3.ResultsPatient alienation and insecure attachment were associated with lower patient‐rated alliance, while egocentricity was associated with higher patient‐rated alliance. Patients' object relations were not significantly associated with therapist‐rated alliance. On average, patients perceived the alliance more positively than their therapists, with a weak positive correlation between the alliance perspectives.ConclusionsThe results suggest that object relation dimensions may be important patient characteristics for forecasting therapeutic relationship quality. They also call for more attention to differences between alliance rating perspectives.Practitioner points

Treatment may benefit from more attention to the quality of patients' object relations.

If patients present with high levels of alienation and insecure attachment, therapists may need to pay especially close attention to the therapeutic alliance, and prudently address any ruptures in its quality.

When monitoring the alliance quality, it is important to consider that patients and therapists may have different perspectives. Therapists relying solely on their own perceptions are at risk of missing alliance difficulties, and patients' object relations may be uniquely predictive of their own sense of the alliance. Therefore, it may be helpful to ask patients in session and through standardized measures for feedback on how they perceive the goals and tasks of treatment and the emotional bond with their therapist. Again, any alliance tensions could then be addressed directly as a means to maintaining engagement in the service of better outcome.
Stress following extinction learning leads to a context‐dependent return of fear
Authors: Hamacher‐Dang Tanja C. , Merz Christian J. , Wolf Oliver T. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIt has been suggested that extinction‐based therapy benefits from administration of the stress hormone cortisol. However, it is unclear whether similar effects can be obtained by inducing stress instead of administering cortisol, and whether the effects also persist if memory is tested in a different context (renewal test) or after exposure to an aversive stimulus (reinstatement). The present study therefore applied a fear conditioning (context A, day 1) and extinction (context B, day 2) paradigm in healthy men. After fear extinction, participants were exposed to a stress or control procedure (n = 20 each). Fear retrieval was tested in contexts A and B on day 3. Postextinction stress increased skin conductance responses to the extinguished stimulus in the retrieval and reinstatement test especially in the acquisition context. The context‐dependent return of fear may reflect enhancing effects of stress on the consolidation of contextual cues.
Simultaneous acquisition of functional magnetic resonance images and impedance cardiography
Authors: Cieslak Matthew , Ryan William S. , Macy Alan , Kelsey Robert M. , Cornick Jessica E. , Verket Marlo , Blascovich Jim , Grafton Scott 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWhile simultaneous acquisition of electrocardiography (ECG) data during MRI is a widely used clinical technique, the effects of the MRI environment on impedance cardiography (ICG) data have not been characterized. We collected echo planar MRI scans while simultaneously recording ECG and thoracic impedance using carbon fiber electrodes and customized amplifiers. Here, we show that the key changes in impedance (dZ/dt) and features of the ECG waveforms are not obstructed during MRI. We present a method for ensemble averaging ICG/ECG signals collected during MRI and show that it performs comparably with signals collected outside the MRI environment. These results indicate that ICG can be used during MRI to measure stroke volume, cardiac output, preejection period, and left ventricular ejection time.
Immune‐ and Ribosome‐Related Genes were Associated with Systemic Vasculitis
Authors: Gan S. J. , Ye B. , Qian S. X. , Zhang C. , Mao J. Q. , Li K. , Tang J. D. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of systemic vasculitis via bioinformatics analysis. Gene express profile of E‐GEOD‐16945 (13 Takayasu arteritis samples and 13 control samples) was downloaded from European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between Takayasu arteritis and normal controls (|log FC| > 1). Basic local alignment search tool (BLASTX) was used for the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) classification of DEGs. Gene ontology analysis was performed for the DEGs (P < 0.05). A gene expression network was built with DEGs. Mcode in Cytoscape software was used to extract modules from the network (degree ≥ 2, K‐core ≥ 2 and adjusted P‐value < 0.05) followed by pathway analysis using GenMAPP (false discovery rate < 0.05). A total of 747 DEGs were identified. There were 16 significant GO function terms enriched with DEGs, of which immune and defence response was the most significant GO term. Totally, three modules were extracted from gene expression network, including one module constituted with upregulated genes and two modules constituted with downregulated genes. Furthermore, human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐DRB1, HLA‐DPA1, HLA‐DPB1, HLA‐DOA and HLA‐DRA in the downregulated modules were significantly linked to immune‐related pathways (intestinal immune network for IgA production and systemic lupus erythematosus pathways), while ribosomal protein L 31 (RPL31), RPS3A and RPL9 in the upregulated module were enriched in ribosome pathway. The immune‐related pathways, ribosome pathway, immune‐related genes including (HLA‐DRB1, HLA‐DPA1, HLA‐DPB1, HLA‐DOA and HLA‐DRA) and ribosome‐related genes (RPL31, RPS3A and RPL9) might be involved in systemic vasculitis.