bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chatbots for Well-Being: Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Mood Enhancement and Mental Health
Authors: Lopes R. M. , Silva A. F. , Rodrigues A. C. A. , Melo V. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Over the past few years, Psychiatry has undergone a significant transformation with the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This shift has been driven by the increasing demand for mental health services, as well as advances in AI technology. AI analyzes extensive datasets, including text, voice, and behavioral data, aiding in mental health diagnosis and treatment. Consequently, a range of AI-based interventions has been developed, including chatbots, virtual therapists and apps featuring cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) modules. Notably, chatbots, as conversational agents, have emerged as valuable tools, assisting users in monitoring emotions and providing evidence-based resources, well-being support, psychoeducation and adaptive coping strategies.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the impact of AI chatbots on improving mental health, evaluate their strengths and weaknesses and explore their potential for early detection and intervention in mental health issues.Methods
A literature review was conducted through PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using keywords ‘artificial intelligence’, ‘chatbot’ and ‘mental health’. The selection focused on the most relevant articles published between January 2021 and September 2023.ResultsMental health chatbots are highly personalized, with a primary focus on addressing issues such as depression or anxiety within specific clinical population groups. Through the integration of Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and rule-based AI algorithms, these chatbots closely simulate human interactions and effectively instruct users in therapeutic techniques. While chatbots integrating CBT principles have gained widespread use and extensive research attention, some also incorporate alternative therapeutic approaches, including dialectical behavior therapy, motivational interviewing, acceptance and commitment therapy, positive psychology or mindfulness-based stress reduction. AI chatbots provide substantial advantages in terms of accessibility, cost-effectiveness and improved access to mental health support services. Nonetheless, they also exhibit limitations, including the absence of human connection, limited expertise, potential for misdiagnosis, privacy concerns, risk of bias and limitations in risk assessment accuracy.ConclusionsAI-based chatbots hold the potential to enhance patient outcomes by enabling early detection and intervention in mental health issues. However, their implementation in mental health should be approached with caution. Further studies are essential to thoroughly evaluate their effectiveness and safety.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Emotional non‐acceptance mediates the relationship between insecure attachment and specific psychopathology in women with eating disorders
Authors: Donato S. , Attianese N. , Battipaglia M. , Ceres R. , Cerra R. , Monteleone A. M. , Monteleone P. , Cascino G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionInsecure attachment is considered a general risk factor for eating disorders (ED). Emotion dysregulation has been proposed as one of the possible mechanisms by which attachment insecurity may affect ED psychopathology.ObjectivesAim of the present study was to investigate whether difficulties in acceptance of emotions or emotional clarity may mediate the connection between insecure attachment and ED psychopathology.MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients participated and completed the Italian version of Eating Disorder Inventory‐2 (EDI-2), Experience in Close Relationship questionnaire (ECR) and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). A mediator path model was performed, in which insecure attachment dimensions were set as independent variables, ED specific psychopathology measures as dependent variables, and non‐acceptance of emotion and lack of emotional clarity as mediators.ResultsThe association between both attachment avoidance and anxiety and ED specific symptoms was mediated by emotional non‐acceptance, but not by emotional clarity.ConclusionsThis study showed the importance to address emotion regulation in individuals with ED, focussing on improving emotional acceptance. Exploring early developmental processes which lead to non‐acceptance of emotions could improve this psychological trait in people with ED.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Clinical features of depressive states in eating disorders
Authors: Barkhatova A. , Smolnikova A. , Sorokin S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEating disorders (ED) are one of the most pressing problems of modern society. Eating disorders, due to their heterogeneity, can be considered both an independent form of mental disorders and as part of the manifestations of other mental illnesses. In the vast majority of cases within these pathologies, eating disorder coexists with depressive symptoms, which significantly worsens the prognosis of the disease.ObjectivesIdentification of the association of depressive disorders with eating disorders to improve the criteria for nosological diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic approaches.MethodsA total of 74 patients aged from 15 to 25 years old (all female, average age 16.2), who were on outpatient and inpatient observation of the clinic were studied.ResultsThe study made it possible to establish the characteristics of depressive disorders and the nature of the current course of depression associated with eating disorders. In eating disorders with a predominance of anorexia nervosa, the structure of depression was more dominated by the asthenia radical with symptoms of apathy, melancholia, anhedonia, irritability, episodes of anxiety after eating, and sleep disturbances. Patients noted a decrease in performance, mental activity, and a narrowing of their range of interests and communication. Depression became severe as exhaustion progressed. For eating disorders with bulimia nervosa. depressive states varied in the severity and polymorphism of their manifestations. Their structure was largely dominated by the apatho-adynamic radical of affect, along with asthenia and anxiety, which often reached the level of panic states. Often, along with this, there were pronounced a guilt feeling and low self-esteem ideas with self-deprecation and self-hatred, which led to the manifestation of auto-aggressive behavior (both non-suicidal and suicidal). Depression reached a severe degree as exhaustion progressed, as well as against the background of more frequent attacks of overeating and vomiting.ConclusionsThe identified associations between depressive disorders and eating disorders allow us to form a clearer picture of the expected course of psychiatric disease and optimize therapeutic intervention algorithms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
PAD: a UK Perspective - Contemplating Change is Challenging!
Authors: Wise J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhysician assisted dying is not new, neither historically, nor globally. What has changed in the UK however, is the perspective of society. In the UK, the British Medical Association is both a union and a professional organisation representing doctors and liaising with governments departments in matters of healthcare. As with various specialties within medicine, there are those in favour of change and those against. There are matters on which there is common ground, and a consensus of experts has identified principles, which, if legislation is to change, would be sensible to follow. A profession has united around the idea that if change is coming, it is better to inform the debate proactively and ensure that the interest of patients and doctors are promoted. This session will look at how potential change in the UK has been approached and hopefully well managed.’Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Patterns of antipsychotic prescription in inpatient and outpatient psychiatric settings: a real world study
Authors: Prodi T. G. , Piccoli E. , Bucca C. , Tomasoni A. , Dell’Osso B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAntipsychotic (AP) are increasingly prescribed off-label and used as, but not limited to, anti-aggressive, anti-impulsive, and anti-suicidal medication. The use of second-generation AP (SGAs) has progressively increased compared to first-generation AP (FGAs). FGAs cause more extrapyramidal motor side effects and tardive dyskinesia than SGAs, whereas SGAs generally cause more weight gain and cardiometabolic adverse effects.ObjectivesAim of this observational study was to describe the socio-demographic and clinical features of the patients receiving new AP treatment and the features of the pharmacological treatment itself in “real world” context. Furthermore, we aimed to compare socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects who were prescribed either FGAs or SGAs.MethodsData were collected on the latest new AP prescriptions issued across different settings (two psychiatric wards; five outpatients clinics; and one rehabilitation community) belonging to ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco (located in Milan) in reverse chronological order from May 2023.
Socio-demographic and clinical variables of the subjects who received new AP treatment were collected through medical records. We compared age, age at onset, age at first pharmacological treatment, duration of illness, duration of untreated illness, treatment duration, number of hospitalization and admissions to Day Hospital services, involuntary commitments and suicidal attempts in patients who received either FGAs or SGAs. Chi-square was used for qualitative variables and t-test for quantitative variables. Data were collected anonymously and analyzed using SPSS v.27.ResultsThe sample included 155 new AP prescriptions, out of which 29.2% were formulated in the psychiatric wards, 66.9% in the outpatient clinics e 3.9% in the rehabilitative community. Mean age of the subjects was 41.1 ± 16.9 years, 53.2% were male.The most represented diagnoses were psychotic disorders (32.2%), personality disorders (24.8%), bipolar disorder (16.1%) and depressive disorder (12.8%).90.7% of new AP prescriptions were SGAs. The most prescribed were aripiprazole (30.5%), quetiapine (21.2%) and olanzapine (15.2%); while the most prescribed FGAs were haloperidol (5.3%), zuclopenthixol (2%) and chlorpromazine (1.3%). 26.2% of the prescriptions were in monotherapy and 83.8% were for oral administration.The reasons for introduction were partial or absent response to previous treatments (52.3%), disease onset (23.5%), non-compliance (8.3%), adverse effects to previous treatments (6.8%) or other (9.1%). Patients treated with FGA had a longer duration of untreated illness (p<0,001) and a greater number of lifetime hospitalizations (p<0,001) and involuntary commitments (p=0,002).ConclusionsPatients treated with SGAs have a shorter duration of untreated illness and also lower chance of lifetime hospitalization and involuntary commitment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Impact of cognitive remediation combined with mindfulness and social skills training on social functioning and neural plasticity in early psychosis: preliminary results from a randomized clinical multicentric trial in Italy
Authors: Perlini C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAffective and non-affective psychoses are characterized by deficits in neuro and social cognition, which strongly impact the patient’s psychosocial functioning and health and social system. Recent literature suggests that such deficits could benefit from the innovative combination of evidence-based interventions.This lecture aims to describe an Italian multisite (Verona, Milano, Pavia), longitudinal randomized controlled trial funded by the Italian Ministry of Health investigating the impact of Cognitive Remediation (CR) alone or combined with other approaches (namely, Mindfulness and Social Skills Training (SST)) on clinical, neuropsychological, social and brain-related outcomes in patients with a DSM5 diagnosis of affective or non-affective psychosis.In our study, patients underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation at baseline (T0), end of treatment (T1), and six months post-treatment (T2), which consisted of nearly four months of CR, CR+ Mindfulness, or CR + SST. The cognitive assessment included the Brief Assessment of Cognition for Schizophrenia (BAC-S) or Affective Disorders (BAC-A) and the Executive and Social Cognition Battery (ESCB), specifically designed to identify impairments in social cognition and executive functions in patients’ real life. Participants underwent a 3T multimodal MRI, including structural and functional sequences at T0 and T1. We also recruited healthy controls for comparative brain mapping at T0.The present lecture will provide an overview of the research project, along with some preliminary findings on the effect of CR alone or combined with other interventions on clinical and social functioning and brain plasticity, with a focus on the degree of durability and generalization of CR effects to patients’ real life. The study’s outcomes have the potential to inform clinical and rehabilitative settings and tailor combined therapeutic interventions.Disclosure of InterestC. Perlini Grant / Research support from: Italian Ministry of Health GR-2016-02361283
The attitude of Tunisian medicine resident toward euthanasia
Authors: Touiti A. , Ben Said C. , Bram N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEuthanasia is the active deliberate ending of life by another person at the explicit request of a patient who is suffering from an incurable condition deemed unbearable by him or her.young doctors in tunisia might be exposed in their daily practice to a request of (E). In some countries the procedure is regulated by law while in others the issue has not been discussed. Before assessing the public opinion the medical core has to be implicated in the debate about the subject.Within the limits of our knowledge this is the first study on the subject in the countries of North AfricaObjectivesTo describe the attitudes of tunisian medicine resident toward euthanasiaMethodsThe validated questionnaire of physicians’ Attitudes and opinions on assisted suicide and euthanasia was distributed via mails addresses to 50 tunisian resident. The participation was entirely voluntary and anonymity was guaranteed.Results
Thirty seven medicine resident participate to the study the response rate was 74%. The average age of participants was 28.2years old.The majority;23 were female and 29 had religious beliefs.The most represented speciality was family medicine with 6 participants.Only 2 of doctors were practicing in Europe.About 8 of young doctors were requested for (E).Tunisian medicine residents are generally supportive of the legalization of euthanasia (29), but many have concerns about their own participation in the procedure.ConclusionsEthical and legal complexities surround the topic of euthanasia.It is imperative to deepen our understanding of this practice within the context of the North Africa region,in order to formulate a comprehensive and well-informed policy.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Change in Quality of Life After the Relocation of a National Forensic Hospital: A Dundrum Forensic Redevelopment Evaluation Study (D-FOREST)
Authors: O’Reilly A. , Waqar M. U. , Iqbal M. U. , Amin H. , Kennedy H. G. , Davoren M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionForensic psychiatric services address the therapeutic needs of mentally disordered offenders in a secure setting. Clinical, ethical, and legal considerations underpinning treatment emphasize that the Quality of Life (QOL) of patients admitted to forensic hospitals should be optimised.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine changes in the QOL in Ireland’s National Forensic Mental Health Service following its relocation from the historic 1850 site in Dundrum to a new campus in Portrane, Dublin.Methods
This multisite prospective longitudinal study is part of the Dundrum Forensic Redevelopment Evaluation Study (D-FOREST). Repeated measures were taken for all inpatients in the service at regular six-monthly intervals. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was offered to all inpatients and an anonymised EssenCES questionnaire was simultaneously used to measure atmosphere in the wards. Data were obtained at five time points for each individual patient and ward. WHOQOL-BREF ratings were obtained across five time points with comparisons for four time intervals, including immediately before and after relocation. For 101 subjects across the four time intervals, 215 sets of data were obtained; 140 before and 65 after relocation with 10 community patients who did not move. Using Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) to correct for multiple comparisons over time, the effect of relocation, with community patients as a control, was analysed by ward cluster and whether patients moved between wards. Observations were categorised according to security level — high dependency, medium secure, rehabilitation, or community — and trichotomised based on positive moves to less secure wards, more secure wards (negative moves), or no moves.ResultsThe hospital’s relocation was associated with a significant increase in environmental QOL (Wald X2=15.9, df=1, p<0.001), even when controlling for cluster location, positive and negative moves. When controlling for ward atmosphere, environmental QOL remained significantly increased after relocation (Wald X2=10.0, df=1, p=0.002). EssenCES scores were obtained within the hospital for three time points before relocation and two time points afterward. No significant differences were found in the three subscales before and after the relocation. All three EssenCES subscales progressively improved with decreasing security level (Patient’s Cohesion: Wald X2=958.3, df=1, p<0.001; Experienced Safety: Wald X2=152.9, df=5, p<0.001; Therapeutic Hold: Wald X2=33.6, df=3, p<0.001).ConclusionsThe GEE model showed that the hospital’s relocation improved self-reported environmental QOL. The cluster location made significant differences, as expected for a system of stratified therapeutic security, with a steady improvement in scores on all three atmosphere subscales.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Adverse psychological outcomes in Brugada syndrome: About a Tunisian familial pedigree from Sfax
Authors: Bouayed Abdelmoula N. , Abdelmoula B. , Assel A. , Fadhlaoui E. , Kaabi O. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Patients with Brugada Syndrome (BS), a rare inherited cardiac channelopathy, with an increased risk of developing arrhythmias, syncope and sudden cardiac death, also present serious adverse psychological outcomes that require medical support to improve their health and well-being as well as those of their families.ObjectivesHere we report psychological concerns of a Tunisian patient who presented to our genetic counselling, with his three children, for molecular exploration of BS type 1.Methods
Clinical, electrical, biological and psychological characteristics of the patient and his offspring were identified. Cytogenetic exploration using RHG banding and molecular screening of SCN5a gene mutations using High Resolution Melting and sequencing were carried out. Subsequently, genetic counselling was undertaken for all the family members and psychological concerns were reported.Results
A 51-year-old married man with an academic career was born from a consanguineous couple, with a family history of sudden cardiac death. He was diagnosed with BS1 based on the pathognomonic ST-segment elevation in leads V1–V3, after experiencing palpitations and syncope. He was treated by implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The patient was also being treated for diabetes and dyslipidemia. His children, a girl and two boys, were investigated by ECG, which revealed no electrical disorders. However, both boys reported chest pain on exertion. The 18-year-old girl presented with primary amenorrhea and infantilism, along with a Turner syndrome formula. Molecular analysis revealed none of the targeted mutations in the SCN5a gene. Psychologically, the patient had a phobia of death and reported painful sensations of imminent death at each palpitation. He was anxious about the clinical outcome of his children. The children reported anxiety about their autosomal dominant fathers’ disorder.ConclusionsApproximately 16% of BS patients experience depression and anxiety. More attention needs to be indorsed to the psychological distress of BG patients and their families.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Empathy as a predictor of burnout syndrome in health professionals of the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Ruiz Gonzalez E. P. , Muñoz Argel M. N. , Romero Otalvaro A. M. M. , Garcia Castañeda M. G. , Crespi M. C. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEmpathy is an essential skill in the doctor-patient relationship since it contributes to improve aspects of health care and patient satisfaction. Nevertheless, burnout research projects have been developed in recent years.ObjectivesTo examine the predictive capacity that empathy has on burnout syndrome in health professionals.Methods
A non-experimental, cross-sectional design was proposed. The type of study was correlational-descriptive since it was sought out to explore a functional relation through the prognosis of a criterion variable. Sample: 200 (100 female and 100 male).ResultsFirst, the variance of cognitive and Affective Empathy was dug out in the emotional exhaustation criterion scale. Results accounted for 15% of variability in emotional exhaustation. (Corrected R 2 = .15, F = 17,56, p = 0,00). The best predictor of emotional exhaustation refers to Cognitive Empathy. (B = -.27, p = 0.00). It does not seem that Affective Empathy acts as a predictor variable of Emotional Exhaustation. (Table 1).
Table 1Multiple linear regression analysis considering Emotional Exhaustation as a criterion.TECACorrected R2FBpCognitive Empathy.1517,5-.27**0,00Affective Empathy-.14.13The predictive capacity of Empathy in relation to Depersonalization was estimated (Corrected R 2 = .20, F = 25,4, p = 0.00). Cognitive and affective empathy were included as predictor variables and MBI as a criterion variable (Table 2). On one hand, the best predictor of Depersonalization is the Cognitive Empathy. On the other hand, regarding Affective Empathy, it does not act as a predictor of Depersonalization.
Table 2Multiple linear regression analysis considering Depersonalization as a criterion.TECACorrected R2FBpCognitive Empathy.2025,4-.32**0,00Affective Empathy-.15.84Lastly, the predictive capacity of Empathy in relation to Personal Achievement was figured out. (Corrected R 2 = .19, F = 23,4, p = 0.00). Cognitive Empathy is the best predictor for Personal Fulfillment (Table 3).
Table 3Multiple linear regression analysis considering Personal Fullfilment as a criterion.TECACorrected R2FβpCognitive Empathy.2025,4 .43**0,00Affective Empathy.00.96ConclusionsIt was noticed that through a linear multiple regression analysis, the variable that best explains Emotional Exhaustation is Cognitive Empathy. Those results are replicated for Depersonalization and Personal Fullfilment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared