bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Approach to Inpatient Glucometric Monitoring and Variability in a Community Hospital Setting
Authors: Koziol James , Johnson Keith , Brenner Kathy , Fortmann Addie , Morrisey Robin , Philis-Tsimikas Athena 
Published: December 2014

Background: Hyperglycemia and glucose variability in the hospital environment are associated with higher rates of complications, longer lengths of stay, and mortality. Standardized metrics are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of glucose management interventions. Methods: Glucometric data were collected from 2024 inpatients in a San Diego hospital between 2009 and 2011. As a complementary measure of glucose control, individual patient excursion rates were calculated using counts of distinct excursions from normal to critical glucose ranges >180 or <70 mg/dL. Prediction models for excursion rates were devised, based on patient demographic and clinical characteristics. Results: Patients were predominantly male (51.2%), Caucasian (86.0%), and elderly (median age 72 years). Obesity was prevalent: 32% were overweight and 33% were obese. Median length of hospitalization was 5.0 days (range, 0.8-139.4 days). Unadjusted rate of excursions >180 mg/dL was 0.456 per 24 hours. The proportion of zero excursions decreased as severity of illness decreased, but was unrelated to age. Excursion rates were slightly smaller for major and extreme severity of illness compared to mild or moderate illness severity. Excursion rates did not vary in a monotone fashion with age, although the general pattern reflected a reduction in excursion rates from the first age quartile (19 to 59) through the last age quartile (83 to 100). Using the Akaike information criterion, zero-inflated negative binomial models were identified as appropriate for analyzing glucose excursion rates. Conclusions: Systematic approaches to glucose reporting and management in the hospital environment offer “windows of opportunity” to improve diabetes care.
The Posterior Medial Blind Spot of the Distal Tibia
Authors: Wusu Timilehin O. , Toussaint Rull James , Ellington J. Kent , Kwon John Y. 
Published: December 2014

The distal tibial blind spot represents an area where improperly measured long screws may pose a risk to surrounding anatomic structures and is not well visualized on AP, mortise, and lateral radiographs. Awareness of this area as well as the use of a 45° external rotation oblique view when placing fixation in this area may prevent iatrogenic injury. Levels of Evidence: Level V, Expert Opinion
Innovative thrombolytic strategy using a heterodimer diabody against TAFI and PAI-1 in mouse models of thrombosis and stroke
Authors: Wyseure Tine , Rubio Marina , Denorme Frederik , Martinez de Lizarrondo Sara , Peeters Miet , Gils Ann , De Meyer Simon F. , Vivien Denis , Declerck Paul J. 
Published: December 2014

Key Points
Early thrombolytic treatment with a bispecific inhibitor against TAFI and PAI-1 is effective without exogenous tPA. Even at the highest dose tested, the bispecific inhibitor against TAFI and PAI-1 does not prolong bleeding time.
Inflammatory signaling regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell emergence in vertebrates
Authors: He Qiuping , Zhang Chunxia , Wang Lu , Zhang Panpan , Ma Dongyuan , Lv Junhua , Liu Feng 
Published: December 2014

Key PointsTLR4–MyD88–NF-κB is required for HSPC emergence in zebrafish and mouse embryos. Notch functions downstream of inflammatory signaling to regulate HSPC emergence.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions for equations involving nonhomogeneous operators of "Equation missing" -Laplace type in "Equation missing"
Authors: Lee Seung Dae , Park Kisoeb , Kim Yun-Ho 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We are concerned with the following elliptic equations with variable exponents:

−
div
(
φ
(
x
,
∇
u
)
)
+

|
u
|

p
(
x
)
−
2

u
=
λ
f
(
x
,
u
)

in

R
N

, where the function

φ
(
x
,
v
)

is of type

|
v
|

p
(
x
)
−
2

v

with continuous function

p
:

R
N

→
(
1
,
∞
)

and

f
:

R
N

×
R
→
R

satisfies a Carathéodory condition. The purpose of this paper is to show the existence of at least one solution, and under suitable assumptions, infinitely many solutions for the problem above by using mountain pass theorem and fountain theorem.

MSC: 35D30, 35J60, 35J90, 35P30, 46E35.
Absence of Intracellular Ion Channels TPC1 and TPC2 Leads to Mature-Onset Obesity in Male Mice, Due to Impaired Lipid Availability for Thermogenesis in Brown Adipose Tissue
Authors: Lear Pamela V. , González-Touceda David , Porteiro Couto Begoña , Viaño Patricia , Guymer Vanessa , Remzova Elena , Tunn Ruth , Chalasani Annapurna , García-Caballero Tomás , Hargreaves Iain P. , Tynan Patricia W. , Christian Helen C. , Nogueiras Rubén , Parrington John , Diéguez Carlos 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Intracellular calcium-permeable channels have been implicated in thermogenic function of murine brown and brite/beige adipocytes, respectively transient receptor potential melastin-8 and transient receptor potential vanilloid-4. Because the endo-lysosomal two-pore channels (TPCs) have also been ascribed with metabolic functionality, we studied the effect of simultaneously knocking out TPC1 and TPC2 on body composition and energy balance in male mice fed a chow diet. Compared with wild-type mice, TPC1 and TPC2 double knockout (Tpcn1/2−/−) animals had a higher respiratory quotient and became obese between 6 and 9 months of age. Although food intake was unaltered, interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) maximal temperature and lean-mass adjusted oxygen consumption were lower in Tpcn1/2−/− than in wild type mice. Phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase expression, lipid density and expression of β-adrenergic receptors were also lower in Tpcn1/2−/− BAT, whereas mitochondrial respiratory chain function and uncoupling protein-1 expression remained intact. We conclude that Tpcn1/2−/− mice show mature-onset obesity due to reduced lipid availability and use, and a defect in β-adrenergic receptor signaling, leading to impaired thermogenic activity, in BAT.
Positive, But Not Negative Feedback Actions of Estradiol in Adult Female Mice Require Estrogen Receptor α in Kisspeptin Neurons
Authors: Dubois Sharon L. , Acosta-Martínez Maricedes , DeJoseph Mary R. , Wolfe Andrew , Radovick Sally , Boehm Ulrich , Urban Janice H. , Levine Jon E. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Hypothalamic kisspeptin (Kiss1) neurons express estrogen receptor α (ERα) and exert control over GnRH/LH secretion in female rodents. It has been proposed that estradiol (E2) activation of ERα in kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) suppresses GnRH/LH secretion (negative feedback), whereas E2 activation of ERα in kisspeptin neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) mediates the release of preovulatory GnRH/LH surges (positive feedback). To test these hypotheses, we generated mice bearing kisspeptin cell–specific deletion of ERα (KERαKO) and treated them with E2 regimens that evoke either negative or positive feedback actions on GnRH/LH secretion. Using negative feedback regimens, as expected, E2 effectively suppressed LH levels in ovariectomized (OVX) wild-type (WT) mice to the levels seen in ovary-intact mice. Surprisingly, however, despite the fact that E2 regulation of Kiss1 mRNA expression was abrogated in both the ARC and AVPV of KERαKO mice, E2 also effectively decreased LH levels in OVX KERαKO mice to the levels seen in ovary-intact mice. Conversely, using a positive feedback regimen, E2 stimulated LH surges in WT mice, but had no effect in KERαKO mice. These experiments clearly demonstrate that ERα in kisspeptin neurons is required for the positive, but not negative feedback actions of E2 on GnRH/LH secretion in adult female mice. It remains to be determined whether the failure of KERαKO mice to exhibit GnRH/LH surges reflects the role of ERα in the development of kisspeptin neurons, in the active signaling processes leading to the release of GnRH/LH surges, or both.
The effect of maternal diabetes on the Wnt/PCP pathway during embryogenesis as reflected in the developing mouse eye
Authors: López-Escobar Beatriz , Cano David A. , Rojas Anabel , de Felipe Beatriz , Palma Francisco , Sánchez-Alcázar José A. , Henderson Deborah , Ybot-González Patricia 
Published: December 2014

AbstractEmbryopathies that develop as a consequence of maternal diabetes have been studied intensely in both experimental and clinical scenarios. Accordingly, hyperglycemia has been shown to downregulate the expression of elements in the non-canonical Wnt/PCP pathway, such as the Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (Daam1) and Vangl2. Daam1 is a formin that is essential for actin polymerization and for cytoskeletal reorganization, and it is expressed strongly in certain organs during mouse development, including the eye, neural tube and heart. Daam1gt/gt and Daam1gt/+ embryos develop ocular defects (anophthalmia or microphthalmia) similar to those detected as a result of hyperglycemia. Indeed, studying the effect of maternal diabetes on the Wnt/PCP pathway demonstrated that there was strong association with the Daam1 genotype, whereby the embryopathy observed in Daam1gt/+ mutant embryos of diabetic dams was more severe. There was evidence that embryonic exposure to glucose in vitro diminishes the expression of genes in the Wnt/PCP pathway, leading to altered cytoskeletal organization, cell shape and cell polarity in the optic vesicle. Hence, the Wnt/PCP pathway appears to influence cell morphology and cell polarity, events that drive the cellular movements required for optic vesicle formation and in turn are required to maintain the fate determination. Here, we demonstrate that the Wnt/PCP pathway is involved in the early stages of mouse eye development and that it is altered by diabetes, provoking the ocular phenotype observed in the affected embryos.
Partial genetic suppression of a loss of function mutant of the Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis-associated protease TPP1 inDictyostelium discoideum
Authors: Phillips Jonathan E. , Gomer Richard H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNeuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL) is the most common childhood-onset neurodegenerative disease. NCL is inevitably fatal, and there is no current treatment. Children with NCL show progressive decline in movement, vision, and mental abilities and accumulation of autofluorescent deposits in neurons and other cell types. Late-infantile NCL is caused by mutations in the lysosomal protease tripeptdyl peptidase 1 (TPP1). TPP1 cleaves tripeptides from the N-terminus of proteins in vitro, but little is known about the physiological function of TPP1. TPP1 shows wide conservation in vertebrates but is not found in Drosophila, C. elegans, or S. cerevisiae. Here, we characterize ddTpp1, a TPP1 ortholog present in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. Lysates from cells lacking ddTpp1 show reduced but not abolished ability to cleave a TPP1 substrate, suggesting that other Dictyostelium enzymes can perform this cleavage. ddTpp1 and human TPP1 localize to the lysosome in Dictyostelium, indicating conserved function and trafficking. Cells lacking ddTpp1 show precocious multicellular development and a reduced ability to form spores during development. When cultured in autophagy-stimulating conditions, cells lacking ddTpp1 rapidly decrease in size and are less viable than wild-type cells, suggesting that one function of ddTpp1 may be to limit autophagy. Cells lacking ddTpp1 show strongly impaired development in the presence of the lysosome-perturbing drug chloroquine, and this phenotype can be suppressed by a secondary mutation in the gene stpA, which encodes a protein with some similarity to mammalian oxysterol-binding proteins (OSBPs). Together, these results suggest that targeting specific proteins may be a viable way to suppress the effects of loss of TPP1 function.
A Term of «Metodics» in the Context of Modern Llinguadidactics
Authors: Shchukin Anatoliy 
Published: December 2014

The article focuses on the content of the term methodology of foreign language
teaching and its use in the field of teaching Russian as a foreign
language in the context of modern linguadidactics. The article also considers
attributions of the term “method” from the position of modern approach
to foreign language teaching (sistematic, speach of activites, competence).
The article describes the object, the subject of linguadidactics, means of
teaching in the context of communicative approach as well as the types of
modern methodics (classical, communicative, education drama, intensive,
integrative) that have extensive application in foreign and Russian language
teaching.
Exploring health professionals’ and women's awareness of models of maternity care evidence
Authors: Soltani Hora , Fair Frankie , Duxbury Alexandra MS 
Published: December 2014

A Cochrane systematic review has shown midwifery-led continuity models of care provide explicit benefits for mothers and babies compared with other models of maternity care, with a comparable level of safety. This study explored the local impact of the review, alongside other midwifery-led care evidence and guidelines. Electronic surveys were undertaken exploring women's and health professionals’ awareness of models of maternity care evidence, including midwifery-led care and homebirth, and how they use evidence to guide their choices and practice. A low awareness of much of the available evidence was shown among the women and the professionals. There is a need for better dissemination of information to professionals as they are women's preferred source of information about the options available for place of birth and midwifery-led care.
Twitter's potential to enhance professional networking
Authors: Power Alison 
Published: December 2014

Twitter is a microblogging service where users can ‘tweet’ short messages of 140 characters. Historically it was seen as a platform for personal communication; however, more recently it has been adopted by a growing body of health professionals and academics to communicate, access, share and disseminate professional information. Tweets can include links to blogs, web pages, images, videos, journal articles or provide real-time feedback from a live event such as a conference, thereby disseminating information to a potentially global audience. In the UK it has been suggested that its widespread acceptance by health professionals in a professional context is slow, with ‘workforce knowledge deficits or the fear of reprimand and retribution’ being cited as barriers to its adoption ( Ferguson, 2013: 746 ). Could these barriers be responsible for midwives’ hesitancy to engage with Twitter? Twitter can be used effectively and productively for professional discourse and networking if used judiciously with appropriate privacy settings in accordance with The Code ( Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2008 ). This ‘how to’ guide will take you through the registration process, introduce you to Twitter jargon and provide you with suggestions of key accounts to follow. Finally it will provide you with an opportunity to ‘meet’ experienced and novice tweeters to demonstrate the potential for Twitter to support and inform midwifery practice.
The effect of concentration of tackifying agent on adhesive and skin-protective properties of ceramide 2-containing hydrocolloid dressings
Authors: Kohta M. , Iwasaki T. 
Published: December 2014

Objective: In the treatment of pressure ulcers and leg ulcers it is necessary to achieve an effective balance between adhesive and skin-protective properties. We speculated that addition of a tackifying agent (TA) to ceramide 2-containing hydrocolloid dressings would increase their adhesiveness under dry conditions and reduce their adhesiveness under wet conditions because dry tack converts to wet tack after water absorption. Method: We prepared ceramide 2-containing hydrocolloid dressings with varying amounts of TA. Basic characteristics of the test ceraminde dressings, such as initial tack force and peeling force, were evaluated using standard methods. Peeling force and stratum corneum (SC) removal on healthy human skin were also evaluated at 20 minutes, 7 hours, and 72 hours. In addition, the effect of 10 repeated applications on transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was investigated on the skin of hairless mice under dry and wet conditions. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: On a stainless steel substrate, initial tack force and 180° peeling force increased as TA content increased. Twenty minutes after application on human skin, peeling force and SC removal increased with increasing TA content. When TA contents were over 10%, significant differences in peeling force and SC removal were obtained compared with ceramide 2-containing hydrocolloid dressings without TA (p<0.05). However, a TA content-dependent increase in peeling force was not evident 7 hours and 72 hours after application. Under dry conditions, TEWL increased with repeated application and peeling. Conversely, no significant increases in TEWL were evident under wet conditions after 10 repeated applications and peelings. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that the initial attachment of ceramide 2-containing hydrocolloid dressings to the skin increases with addition of TA. Skin damage can be avoided by conversion of the adhesive system to wet tack with water absorption. Declaration of interest: Masushi Kohta and Tetsuji IwasakI are employees of ALCARE Co., Ltd., Japan. This project was supported by an unrestricted grant from ALCARE.
Evaluation of bactericidal effect of three antiseptics on bacteria isolated from wounds
Authors: Kumara D.U.A , Fernando S.S.N. , Kottahachchi J. , Dissanayake D.M.B.T. , Athukorala G.I.D.D.A.D. , Chandrasiri N.S. , Damayanthi K.W.N. , Hemarathne M.H.S.L. , Pathirana A.A. 
Published: December 2014

Objective:Antiseptics are widely used in wound management to prevent or treat wound infections due to their proven wound healing properties regardless of their cytotoxicity. The objective of this study was to determine the bactericidal effects of three antiseptics on pathogens known to cause wound infections.Method:The study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital and a university microbiology laboratory in Sri Lanka in 2013. The three acids (acetic acid, ascorbic acid and boric acid) in increasing concentration (0.5%, 0.75% and 1%) were tested against bacterial suspensions equivalent to 0.5 McFarland standard. The Bacteria isolates used were isolated from wound and standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Results:There were 33 (68.8%) Coliforms, 10 (20.8%) Pseudomonas species, and 5 (10.4%) strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Acetic acid at concentration of 0.5% inhibited growth of 37 (77%) and 42 (87.5%) of tested isolates when exposed for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. However 100% inhibition was achieved at four hours. At a concentration of 0.75%, 40 (83.3%) and 44 (91.7%) were inhibited when exposed for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, with 100% inhibition at 4 hours. At concentration of 1%, 46 (95.8%) inhibition was seen at 30 minutes and 100% inhibition at 60 minutes. Ascorbic acid, at 0.5% and 0.75 % concentrations, inhibited growth of 45(93.7%) and 47(97.9%) of isolates respectively when exposed for 30 minutes. At these two concentrations, 100% inhibition was achieved when exposed for one hour. At 1% concentration, 100% inhibition was achieved at 30 minutes. Boric acid did not show bactericidal effect at concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75 % and 1%. Pseudomonas species were inhibited at 30 minutes by 0.5% acetic acid. Bactericidal effect against all the standard strains was seen with three acids at each concentration tested from 30 minutes onwardsConclusion:Ascorbic acid was bactericidal for all organisms tested within the shortest exposure time at the lowest concentration compared to other two acids. Despite promising bactericidal effects, further studies warrant, as ongoing debates on toxicity of acids on tissue epithelialisation. Application of antiseptics for a shorter duration could overcome this problem without losing bactericidal activity.Declaration of interest:The authors have no conflict of interest and no funding was received for this study.
Research roundup: January 2015
Authors: Greener Mark 
Published: December 2014

In brief ▪ Increasing breastfeeding rates could save the NHS significant amounts of money, based on the prevention of infections and necrotizing enterocolitis in infants and breast cancer in mothers ▪ Study finds that evidence linking a child's exposure to paracetamol in utero and in early infancy to asthma is often over-stated ▪ Ex-smokers and current smokers appear to have a higher risk of chronic dysmenorrhoea than those who have never smoked ▪ A Cochrane review concludes that current methods of improving adherence to medication are complex and tend to be ineffective
Ami armihuariensis, a new species from Peru (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae)
Authors: Kaderka Radan 
Published: December 2014

Ami armihuariensis sp. nov. from Cuzco region, Peru is described, diagnosed and figured. Males of Ami armihuariensis sp. nov. differ from all other congeners, except A. pijaos, by the presence of only one retrolateral process on male palpal tibia, from A. pijaos by the granulation in tegular area of male palpal bulb. Additionally, photographs of A. yupanquii spermatheca are for the first time presented in order to emphasize the characteristic shape of spermathecae in this genus.
A Vida é Bela: processos de institucionalização e construção de sentido através dos media
Authors: Figueira João 
Published: December 2014

A procura e construção de sentido é um dos objetivos centrais na vida das organizações. Atualmente, a comunicação através dos media representa a principal forma institucional de agir. O que exige às Organizações que dominem as rotinas e a cultura dos media. A empresa portu- guesa A Vida é Bela, que entre 2005 e 2012 foi tema em 4558 peças publicadas em todo o espaço mediático português, mostra como uma Organização que tenha na comunicação para os media a sua estratégia de construção de sentido, pode afirmar publicamente o seu protagonismo e prestigiar o seu nome.
Clinical Efficacy of Subgingival Debridement With Adjunctive Erbium:Yttrium‐Aluminum‐Garnet Laser Treatment in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Ortiz‐Vigón Alberto , Matos Rita , Herrera David , Sanz Mariano 
Published: December 2014

Background: The efficacy of erbium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Er:YAG) laser application as an adjunct to subgingival debridement in the treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP) is controversial. This study assesses the efficacy of combining full‐mouth subgingival debridement with Er:YAG laser application in the treatment of patients with CP.Methods: In this 12‐month, single‐masked, parallel‐group clinical trial, 40 patients with moderate CP were selected and randomly assigned to a test group (one session of full‐mouth ultrasonic subgingival debridement followed 1 week later by Er:YAG application in sites with initial probing depths [PDs] of ≥4.5 mm) and a control group (two sessions of ultrasonic debridement within 1 week). The main outcome variable was change in PD; the secondary outcomes were change in clinical attachment level and proportion of sites with bleeding on probing. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 3, 6, and 12 months. Data were analyzed as intention to treat using analysis of variance to assess intergroup differences.Results: Both treatments resulted in significant clinical improvements. The test group achieved, in comparison with the control, a significantly lower percentage of sites with PD ≥4.5 mm (17.44% versus 22.83%, respectively; P = 0.004) and a tendency for a lower percentage of sites with PD ≥4.5 mm and bleeding on probing (9.78% versus 12.69%; P = 0.052).Conclusion: This limited added clinical effect may justify the use of a protocol combining full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement with laser therapy in the treatment of initial moderate CP.