bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Scattering by Isoparametric Elements of Higher Order
Authors: Weggler Lucy , van Tonder Johannes J. , Jakobus Ulrich 
Published: March 2014

Abstract.
A boundary element method with higher order isoparametric elements allows for the simulation of scattering problems given by the electric field integral equation. This paper describes the implementation and provides striking numerical evidence of the higher order convergence rates for the approximation of the electric surface current. One key issue is the necessity of higher order geometrical approximation which leads to an extreme efficiency of some mesh-dependent variable-order approximation.
Hilbert schemes and toric degenerations for low degree Fano threefolds
Authors: Christophersen Jan Arthur , Ilten Nathan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
For fixed degree

d
≤
12

${d\leq 12}$

, we study the Hilbert scheme of
degree d smooth Fano threefolds in their anticanonical embeddings.
We use this to classify all possible degenerations of these varieties to toric Fano varieties with at most Gorenstein singularities.
First trimester three-dimensional ultrasonographic diagnosis of diastrophic dysplasia: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ozyuncu Ozgur , Turgal Mert , Yazicioglu Aslihan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Diastrophic dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by short limbs and deformities of several joints occurring in conjunction with xyphoscoliosis, distinctive abduction of the first metacarpals (hitchhiker thumbs). A 28-year-old pregnant patient was referred due to detection of increased nuchal translucency at the first-trimester scan. We describe a case of diastrophic dysplasia diagnosed by two- and three-dimensional ultrasound and termination of pregnancy at 13 weeks of gestation. This case is the first report in the literature in which 3D ultrasound was used in diagnosis of diastrophic dysplasia as early as the 13th week of pregnancy. We think that prenatal diagnosis of diastrophic dysplasia can be possible even at first trimester.
Preparation of Eupatorium Adenophorum Based Porous Carbon with Microwave Heating using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zheng Zhao-qiang , Xia Hong-ying , Srinivasakannan C. , Peng Jin-hui , Zhang Li-bo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractEupatorium adenophorum was utilized as raw materials for the preparation of activated carbon via microwave assisted steam activation. Influences of the three vital process parameters – activation temperature, activation duration and steam flow rate – have been assessed on the adsorption capacity and yield of Eupatorium adenophorum activated carbon (EAAC). The process parameters were optimized utilizing the Design Expert software and were identified to be an activation duration of 45 min, an activation temperature of 950 °C and a steam flow rate of 0.7 ml/min, with the resultant iodine number and yield being 1,010 mg/g and 20.13% respectively. The validity of process model to optimize the process parameters was verified using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The key parameters that characterize quality of the porous carbon such as the BET surface area, total pore volume and average pore diameter were estimated to be 1,142 m2/g, 0.84 ml/g and 3.3 nm respectively, for the sample corresponding to the optimized process conditions. Additionally the pore structure is characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The present work strongly supports utilization of Eupatorium adenophorum as a potential precursor through microwave heating.
A Study on the Flow Properties of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Ramesh Balakrishnan , Senthilvelan Thiyagrajan 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The current work invisages the formability studies on aluminum alloys (RR58) of sintered preforms at different working conditions such as change in aspect ratio, density, temperature by carrying out upsetting test. The effect of strength coefficient (k) and strain hardening exponent (n) have been studied in detail and the inferences are correlated with earlier findings. The phenomenon of barreling has been vividly investigated and correlated with the results obtained from finite element analysis. The radius of curvature of the barrel obtained from experimental work coincides well with the calculated values and barreling radius calculated from finite element analysis concur well with the experimental findings.
Multi Objective Optimization of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on Mg AZ31B Alloy Using Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Venkateswarlu Ganta , Davidson M. Joseph , Tagore Gogineni Ravindranath , Sammaiah Pulla 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This paper presents the multi-response optimisation of friction stir processing (FSP) process of AZ 31 Mg alloy for an optimal parametric combination to yield maximum tensile strength and elongation using Taguchi and Grey relational analysis (GRA). In this study, the FSP process parameters such as rotational speed, traverse speed and tool tilt angle have been selected. The experiments were planned using Taguchi parametric design L
9
with various combinations of process parameters. Statistical technique ANOVA was used to determine percentage of contribution of process parameters. Optimal results have been verified through confirmation experiments. The results indicate that rotational speed has more effect on responses followed by traverse speed and tool tilt angle. In addition, mathematical models were developed to establish relationship between different process variables and outcomes.
New CNC Programming Functions Based on Elliptical Motion
Authors: Omirou Sotiris L. , Fyrillas Marios M. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper proposes a set of four elliptical features that can enhance the programming capabilities of a modern CNC system. Namely, a real-time interpolation algorithm for motion generation along an ellipse and its offset, machining of an elliptical pocket, and drilling a series of equidistant holes along an elliptical path. The paper analytically describes the implementation of the new functions while the G-codes, along with their complementary requisite data needed to be introduced in the CNC part program, are exemplified with simulation and actual machining tests for each feature.
Pragmatic Approach for Assembly Lines Selection Based on Discrete-Event Simulation
Authors: Peças Paulo , Folgado Raquel , Henriques Elsa 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a pragmatic approach to the study of the influence of tasks time variability in the performance of linear and parallel assembly lines. Discrete event simulation is used to assess the performance of several configurations for two assembly line balancing problems, and for four different levels of time variability. From the simulation studies, a set of equations were developed allowing the prediction of the assembly line performance, measured by the cycle time for common ALBPs, with considerable accuracy. These equations show the interactions between the sum of average task times, the balancing difficulty of the problem and the tasks time variability, as well as the number of workstations and their level of parallelism. With these equations it's possible to reduce the search for the best candidate solutions (number of workstations and level of parallelism) for a given target cycle time, considering the time variability level of the problem. With this approach, the assembly line designer is able to select beforehand the possible feasible solutions in a more practical way when using simulation software.
Integrative Chemistry-Based Generation of Novel Three Dimensional Macrocellular Carbonaceous Biofuel Cell
Authors: Flexer Victoria , Brun Nicolas , Destribats Mathieu , Backov Rénal , Mano Nicolas 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTHere we report the first membrane-less biofuel cell made by using three-dimensional carbonaceous foam electrodes. We first developed a new synthetic pathway to produce a new carbonaceous foam electrode material with increased porosity both in the meso and macroporous scale. We proved that by increasing the porosity of our three-dimensional foams we could increase the current density of our modified electrodes. Then, by choosing the right combination of enzyme and mediator, and the right loading of active components, we achieved unprecedentedly high current densities for an anodic system. Finally, we combined the improved cathode and anode to build a new membrane-less hybrid enzymatic biofuel cell consisting of a mediated anode and a mediator-less cathode.
Does Lip‐Repositioning Surgery Improve Long‐Term Smile Outcome and Dental Esthetics in Patients With Excessive Gingival Display? A Review of the Current Literature
Authors: Peres Maria Fernanda S. , Peres Ricardo , Lopes Ed Gilson B. , Ramos Sandra P. , Correa Monica G. , Ribeiro Fernanda V. , Chaves Eros 
Published: March 2014

Focused Clinical Question:In patients with normal crown dimensions and excessive gingival display, does lip‐repositioning surgery improve long‐term smile outcome and dental esthetics?Clinical Scenario:A 27‐year‐old systemically healthy female presents with the chief complaint of “excessive gingival display when smiling” (Fig. 1). She reports that orthodontic treatment was performed and that she was referred for orthognathic surgery to correct the maxillary vertical excess and altered passive eruption. Clinically, the patient is periodontally healthy with favorable long‐term periodontal prognosis. She is unsatisfied with her smile and states that it is “compromising her self‐esteem.” However, she refuses to accept the orthognathic surgery because of the extensiveness and morbidity of the procedure. She inquires about alternative solutions for her esthetic problem and whether it is possible to solve her gummy smile with a less invasive procedure. Lip‐repositioning and anatomic crown‐lengthening surgeries are presented as treatment options. The patient decides to pursue these treatment options. Lip‐repositioning surgery is performed as described by Rosenblatt and Simon1 and Simon et al.,2 and healing is uneventful. Anatomic crown lengthening is performed 6 months after the previous surgery. The patient is pleased with the reduction of the excessive gingival display after these procedures (Fig. 2). However, there is lack of clinical evidence regarding the long‐term stability of this surgical procedure.
Interview: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute seeks to find out what works best by involving ‘end-users’ from the beginning
Authors: Selby Joe V 
Published: March 2014

Joe V Selby:
A family physician, clinical epidemiologist and health services researcher, Dr Joe V Selby has more than 35 years of experience in patient care, research and administration. He is responsible for identifying strategic issues and opportunities for the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) and implementing and administering programs authorized by the PCORI Board of Governors. Dr Selby joined PCORI from Kaiser Permanente (CA, USA) where he was Director of the Division of Research for 13 years and oversaw a department of more than 50 investigators and 500 research staff members working on more than 250 ongoing studies. He was with Kaiser Permanente for 27 years. An accomplished researcher, Dr Selby has authored more than 200 peer-reviewed articles and continues to conduct research, primarily in the areas of diabetes outcomes and quality improvement. His publications cover a spectrum of topics, including effectiveness studies of colorectal cancer screening strategies; treatment effectiveness, population management and disparities in diabetes mellitus; primary care delivery; and quality measurement. Dr Selby was elected to membership in the Institute of Medicine in 2009 and was a member of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality study section for Health Care Quality and Effectiveness from 1999 to 2003. A native of Fulton (MI, USA), Dr Selby received his medical degree from Northwestern University (IL, USA) and his master’s in public health from the University of California (CA, USA). He was a commissioned officer in the Public Health Service Corps from 1976 to 1983 and received the Commissioned Officer’s Award in 1981.
Phylogenetic relationships among Porodaedalea pini from Poland and related Porodaedalea species
Authors: Szewczyk Wojciech , Kwaśna Hanna , Behnke-Borowczyk Jolanta , Baranowska-Wasilewska Marlena 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Porodaedalea pini has been found to be a pathogen of Pinus banksiana (1 specimen) and Pinus sylvestris (39 specimens) in north-western Poland. This fungus was initially identified by its host preferences and morphological characters of sporophores and basidiospores. The ITS 1/2 rDNA region was sequenced and analysed using the neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony methods. All P. pini from Poland, P. pini neotype and other P. pini isolates from Europe grouped together forming a moderately supported monophyletic clade. The clade included two groups which did not correlate with geographic ranges. Nucleotide polymorphism of the Polish isolates of P. pini was small. This study provides evidence for the taxonomy of some isolates of the Porodaedalea Holarctic Group in North America: grouping with P. laricis or with P. gilbertsonii suggests that the isolates belong to these species. The absence of P. pini (in a form recognized in Europe) in North America is suggested. Sequencing of the ITS 1/2 rDNA region with the basidiomycete-specific primers (ITS1-F and ITS4-B) proved to be a suitable and sufficient method for differentiation of species within the genus Porodaedalea.
A multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of oseltamivir-resistant strains of influenza virus
Authors: Nidzworski Dawid , Dobkowska Joanna , Hołysz Marcin , Gromadzka Beata , Szewczyk Bogusław 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Influenza is a contagious disease of humans and animals caused by viruses belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family. The influenza A virus genome consists of negative sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA. Influenza viruses are classified into subtypes based on two surface antigens known as hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). The main problem with influenza A viruses infecting humans is drug resistance, which is caused by antigenic changes. A few antiviral drugs are available, but the most popular is the neuraminidase inhibitor — oseltamivir. The resistance against this drug has probably developed through antigenic drift by a point mutation in one amino acid at position 275 (H275Y). In order to prevent a possible influenza pandemic it is necessary to develop fast diagnostic tests. The aim of this project was to develop a new test for detection of influenza A virus and determination of oseltamivir resistance/sensitivity in humans. Detection and differentiation of oseltamivir resistance/sensitivity of influenza A virus was based on real-time PCR. This test contains two TaqMan probes, which work at different wavelengths. Application of techniques like multiplex real-time PCR has greatly enhanced the capability for surveillance and characterization of influenza viruses. After its potential validation, this test can be used for diagnosis before treatment.
Differentiated impact of procyanidins from evening primrose on human breast cancer cells
Authors: Lewandowska Urszula , Owczarek Katarzyna , Szewczyk Karolina , Sosnowska Dorota , Koziołkiewicz Maria , Hrabec Elżbieta 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This study examines some of the biological activities of an evening primrose flavanol preparation (EPFP) against non-invasive human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The results are compared with those obtained for highly invasive human breast cancer cells (MDAMB-231). The results show, for the first time, that EPFP reduces MCF-7 cell number, IC50 = 75 µM gallic acid equivalents/GAE for 72 h incubation, and reduces migration to 52% of the control value at 100 µM L−1 GAE. EPFP caused favorable changes in Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio, which rendered MCF-7 cells more sensitive to apoptosis: the number of apoptotic cells increased 2.2-fold vs. control at 100 µM GAE. Furthermore, 100 µ M L−1 GAE EPFP caused a 1.8-fold reduction in the activity of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) secreted to the culture medium by MCF-7 cells. Moreover, EPFP suppressed the expression of selected genes of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a proliferation marker (Ki67), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that EPFP may exhibit proapoptotic, antiproliferative, antimigratory, and antimetastatic potential towards both selected human breast cancer cell lines, which is more pronounced in the case of the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells.
Effect of TiO2 in aluminum matrix on workability behavior of powder metallurgy composites during cold upsetting
Authors: Ravichandran M. , Sait A. Naveen , Anandakrishnan V. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Aluminum-based metal matrix composites with various weight percentages (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10) of TiO2 reinforcement were synthesized by means of powder metallurgy and their workability behavior under triaxial stress-state conditions was completely studied during cold upsetting. Green cylindrical compacts were made using a 400 kN hydraulic press with suitable punch and die, sintered at (590 ± 10) °C for a period of 3 h, furnace cooled and machined to obtain samples with 0.5 aspect ratio. The cold upset tests were carried out in steps of 10 kN and the results were studied for the workability behavior of the composites. The formability stress index (β) and stress ratio parameters (σz/σeff), (σm/σeff), and (σθ/σeff) were calculated for all composites and correlated with true axial strain (∊
z
). It was observed that the addition of TiO2 to the Al matrix material increases the stress ratio parameters and formability stress index (β).
Evaluation of corrosion performance of two Mn-containing stainless steel alloys
Authors: Toor Ihsan-ul-Haq 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
300 series austenitic stainless steels (SSs) are widely used as structural materials in various corrosive environments because of their excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. However, due to the rapid increase in Ni cost over the last few years, there have been attempts to develop cheap SSs while still maintaining their relatively high corrosion resistance. The possible replacements for Ni (a gamma stabilizer) in SSs are Mn, N and Cu etc. In this paper, the effect of Mn addition on the corrosion properties of two SS alloys, i. e. 202M2 and 202M4, is discussed and results are compared with those of 304 SS alloy. Results of different tests showed that overall corrosion resistance properties (measured in terms of pitting potential (E
pit), metastable pitting events density and time to failure etc.) decreased with an increase in Mn content of the alloys.
Dielectric and magnetic properties of Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 – Y3Fe5O12 – YFeO3 composites
Authors: Yang Yanyan , Yang Haibo , Lin Ying , Liu Miao 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 – Y3Fe5O12 – YFeO3 (BST-YIG-YIP) composites were prepared via the in-situ growth solid-state method. The composites were obtained by sintering green bodies composed of Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 and Y3Fe5O12 powders at 1 350 °C. The phase composition and microstructure of the composites were analyzed. The dielectric and magnetic properties of the composites were also investigated. The results show that the as-prepared BST-YIG-YIP composites have large dielectric constants, high permeabilities and high saturation magnetizations.
Effects of rolling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg sheets
Authors: Dai Qingwei , Zhang Dingfei , Lan Wei , Chen Xi , Chen Qichuan , Bai Delei 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of rolling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy sheets. AZ31 plates were rolled at speeds of 5, 10, 20 and 30 r · min−1 at room temperature. Optical microscopy, micro-hardness testing, and X-ray diffraction were carried out to characterize the material microstructure. Results show that the number of twin grains increases as the rolling rate increases. Simultaneously, the micro-hardness of the samples decreases, and the (0 001) basal texture is weakened. These results suggest the use of high rolling speed to practically reduce the formation of unfavorable basal texture in manufacturing magnesium alloy sheets.
Carbon dioxide flux in the ablation area of Koxkar glacier, western Tien Shan, China
Authors: Wang Jian , Han Haidong , Zhang Shiqiang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAccelerating loss of glacial mass caused by rising global temperatures has significant implications. The global cycle of the greenhouse gas CO2 is also associated with mineral weathering and glaciation. In glaciated areas, most estimates of atmospheric CO2 consumption are confined to chemical ionic mass balance or analog modeling methods. We applied the gradient method to the surface of Koxkar glacier, western Tien Shan, China, for a 5 month period during 2012. The overall net glacier-system CO2 exchange (NGE) rate was measured as -0.05 and -0.07mmol m–2 s–1 for regions of exposed ice and supraglacial moraine, respectively. This suggests that atmospheric CO2 drawdown may occur during ice melting because of consumption of H+ by CO2 hydrolysis that occurs in solutions. Using the degree-day model to calculate glacier ablation in bare-ice regions and considering characteristics of the NGE rate in the supraglacial debris region with the support of GIS, the daily NGE rate was estimated to be -1.23 ± 0.17μmmol m–2 d–1 between Julian days 125 and 268 of 2012. These findings present a new approach for modeling the dynamics of glacial CO2 sinks undergoing melting, and develop an understanding of the mechanism of atmospheric CO2 exchange.
Thermal stability and reduction of iron oxide nanowires at moderate temperatures
Authors: Paolone Annalisa , Angelucci Marco , Panero Stefania , Betti Maria Grazia , Mariani Carlo 
Published: March 2014

Background: The thermal stability of iron oxide nanowires, which were obtained with a hard template method and are promising elements of Li-ion based batteries, has been investigated by means of thermogravimetry, infrared and photoemission spectroscopy measurements.Results: The chemical state of the nanowires is typical of the Fe2O3 phase and the stoichiometry changes towards a Fe3O4 phase by annealing above 440 K. The shape and morphology of the nanowires is not modified by moderate thermal treatment, as imaged by scanning electron microscopy.Conclusion: This complementary spectroscopy–microscopy study allows to assess the temperature limits of these Fe2O3 nanowires during operation, malfunctioning or abuse in advanced Li-ion based batteries.