bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphatic Malformations of the Airway
Authors: O Teresa M. , Rickert Scott M. , Diallo Aicha Maguy , Scheuermann‐Poley Catharina , Otokiti Ahmed , Hong Michael , Chung Ho Yun , Waner Milton 
Published: April 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo characterize the anatomic distribution of lymphatic malformations of the upper airway.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care referral center specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular anomalies.MethodsA 7‐year (2004‐2011) retrospective chart review of patients with lymphatic malformations was performed at a tertiary care referral center. Patients with airway lymphatic malformations were identified. The anatomic distribution of lymphatic malformations within the airway was reviewed.ResultsA total of 141 patients with lymphatic malformations of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) were studied. Of these, 15 (11%) had laryngeal (supraglottic) involvement. In all of these patients, the disease was above the true vocal folds. Seventy‐four (52%) patients had involvement of 1 anatomic zone (most common was the oral cavity), and 67 (48%) had involvement of multiple zones. With regard to each zone, 105 (75%) patients had involvement of the oral cavity, 50 (36%) the oropharynx, 8 (6%) the hypopharynx, 42 (30%) the parapharynx, and 12 (9%) had retropharygeal disease (some patients had multiple zones involved). No patients were identified with glottic, subglottic, or tracheal involvement.ConclusionsBased on our large series, airway involvement in head and neck lymphatic malformations may occur at multiple sites above the glottis. A high percentage of these patients have involvement of the oral cavity (75%) and oropharynx (35%). None involve the glottis, subglottis, or trachea.
Adenosine-stress low-dose single-scan CT myocardial perfusion imaging using a 128-slice dual-source CT: a comparison with fractional flow reserve
Authors: Choo Ki Seok , Hwangbo Lee , Kim June Hong , Park Yong Hyun , Kim Jeong Su , Kim Jun , Chun Kook Jin , Jeong Dong Wook , Lim Soo Jin 
Published: April 2013

Background Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) allows accurate evaluation of coronary artery stenosis but has limitations in information on hemodynamic significance of stenotic lesions. Purpose To determine the feasibility of adenosine-stress low-dose single-scan CT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using a 128-slice dual-source CT scanner for the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis as defined by fractional flow reserve (FFR). Material and Methods This study was proved by the Institutional Review Board and informed consent was obtained from the patients before enrollment in the study. Ninety-seven patients with chest pain and low-to-intermediate pretest probability of coronary artery disease were prospectively enrolled. Adenosine-stress CCTA using ECG-correlated maximum tube current modulation (Mindose®) with 128-slice dual-source CT was performed in all 97 patients. In 37 patients (38.1%; 28 men, nine women; mean age, 61.7 ± 20.5 years; mean heart rate, 74.6 ± 2.8 bpm) with significant stenosis at CCTA (lumen diameter reduction >50%), FFR was performed after CCTA, as a reference standard for the evaluation of myocardial perfusion. FFR value ≤0.75 was considered as positive. CTMPI and CCTA were read by two experienced radiologists with consensus, respectively. Results The effective radiation dose of adenosine-stress single-scan CTMPI was 4.63 ± 2.57 mSv. Compared with FFR, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for identifying significant coronary stenoses were 93.1%, 82.7%, 75.0%, and 95.6%, respectively, on CCTA and 93.1%, 90.3%, 84.4%, and 95.9%, respectively, on CTMPI. On combined CCTA and CTMPI, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 93.1%, 94.2%, 90.0%, and 96.0%, respectively. Conclusion Adenosine-stress low-dose single scan CTMPI using a 128-slice dual-source CT can provide complementary information on the hemodynamical significance of coronary artery stenosis as well as anatomical information of coronary arteries.
Potentials of high resolution magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography for preoperative local staging of colon cancer
Authors: Rollvén Erik , Holm Torbjorn , Glimelius Bengt , Lörinc Esther , Blomqvist Lennart 
Published: April 2013

Background Preoperative identification of locally advanced colon cancer is of importance in order to properly plan treatment. Purpose To study high resolution T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus computed tomography (CT) for preoperative staging of colon cancer with surgery and histopathology as reference standard. Material and Methods Twenty-eight patients with a total of 29 tumors were included. Patients were examined on a 1.5 T MR unit using a phased array body coil. T2 turbo spin-echo high resolution sequences were obtained in a coronal, transverse, and perpendicular plane to the long axis of the colon at the site of the tumor. Contrast-enhanced CT was performed using a protocol for metastasis staging. The examinations were independently evaluated by two gastrointestinal radiologists using criteria adapted to imaging for prediction of T-stage, N-stage, and extramural venous invasion. Based on the T-stage, tumors were divided in to locally advanced (T3cd-T4) and not locally advanced (T1-T3ab). Surgical and histopathological findings served as reference standard. Results Using MRI, T-stage, N-stage, and extramural venous invasion were correctly predicted for each observer in 90% and 93%, 72% and 69%, and 82% and 78% of cases, respectively. With CT the corresponding results were 79% and 76%, 72% and 72%, 78% and 67%. For MRI inter-observer agreements (Kappa statistics) were 0.79, 0.10, and 0.76. For CT the corresponding results were 0.64, 0.66, and 0.22. Conclusion Patients with locally advanced colon cancer, defined as tumor stage T3cd-T4, can be identified by both high resolution MRI and CT, even when CT is performed with a metastasis staging protocol. MRI may have an advantage, due to its high soft tissue discrimination, to identify certain prognostic factors such as T-stage and extramural venous invasion.
Role of mitochondrial function in the protective effects of ischaemic postconditioning on ischaemia/reperfusion cerebral damage
Authors: Liang Jian-min , Xu Hai-yang , Zhang Xiao-jie , Li Xungeng , Zhang Hong-bo , Ge Peng-fei 
Published: April 2013

Objective To investigate the effects of ischaemic postconditioning on brain injury and mitochondria in focal ischaemia and reperfusion, in rats. Methods Adult male Wistar rats ( n = 15 per group) underwent sham surgery, ischaemia (2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion), or ischaemia followed by ischaemic postconditioning (three cycles of 30 s reperfusion/30 s reocclusion). Brain infarction size, neurological function, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were evaluated 24 h postsurgery. Results Infarct size was significantly smaller, and neurological function was significantly better, in the ischaemic postconditioning group than in the ischaemia group. Ischaemia resulted in significant increases in mitochondrial ROS production and swelling, and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, all of which were significantly reversed by postconditioning. Conclusions The protective role of ischaemic postconditioning in focal ischaemia/reperfusion may be due to decreased mitochondrial ROS production, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and suppressed mitochondria swelling. Mitochondria are potential targets for new therapies to prevent brain damage caused by ischaemia and reperfusion.
The applicability and transferability of public health research from one setting to another: a survey of maternal health researchers
Authors: Burchett Helen E. D. , Dobrow Mark J. , Lavis John N. , Mayhew Susannah H. 
Published: April 2013

Background: Little is known about the process of assessing whether research conducted in one setting is applicable (i.e. implementable) and transferable (i.e. as effective) to another, despite its importance for health policy and practice. Applicability/transferability differs from external validity; the former focuses on potential utility in another specific setting, whilst the latter is more general. This study explored perceptions of applicability/transferability among maternal health researchers. Methods: Published maternal public health researchers in low- or middle-income countries were invited to complete an online questionnaire. They were shown four summaries of maternal public health intervention evaluations and asked which they felt were the most and least applicable/transferable to their own setting and why. Results: 283 valid questionnaires were received (41% response rate). Applicability/transferability decisions frequently depended on the pertinence of the problem addressed by the intervention or the intervention’s characteristics. Less common were comparison of the respondents’ setting with the study setting, or consideration of the study’s effectiveness. Conclusions: The factors affecting perceptions of applicability/transferability are broader than those associated with external validity. Improving the reporting of intervention characteristics and implementation is particularly important for applicability/transferability assessments and could increase the appropriate use of public health research in policy and practice.
Experiencing occupations with chronic hand disability: narratives of hand-injured adults
Authors: Ammann Bernadette , Satink Ton , Andresen Mette 
Published: April 2013

Introduction Hand injuries commonly account for a fifth of all emergencies presenting to emergencydepartments of most hospitals in Europe. One-third of these injuries lead to chronic hand disability thatentails economical, psychological, physical and social implications on the wellbeing of hand-injured adultswith longterm consequences. However, knowledge about the impact of chronic hand disability onoccupations in the long term is limited. Methods The purpose of this narrative study was to understand how adults after a hand injury experience theimpact of chronic hand disability on their occupations over time. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Two narrative interviews were conducted with each participant and analysed usingnarrative and structural analysis. Results All participants experienced the challenge of occupational disruption. They faced occupationallimitations with the consequence of changed occupational patterns, and later strived for normality. In the end, all participants still needed to get accustomed to occupational changes. Conclusion The findings indicate that this process of occupational adaptation continues on for at least one year after the hand injury. They further highlight the importance to support the clients through engagement in occupation during the therapy process.
Multi-target action of the novel anti-Alzheimer compound CHF5074: in vivo study of long term treatment in Tg2576 mice
Authors: Sivilia Sandra , Lorenzini Luca , Giuliani Alessandro , Gusciglio Marco , Fernandez Mercedes , Baldassarro Vito Antonio , Mangano Chiara , Ferraro Luca , Pietrini Vladimiro , Baroc Maria Francesca , Viscomi Arturo R , Ottonello Simone , Villetti Gino , Imbimbo Bruno P , Calzà Laura , Giardino Luciana 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Alzheimer disease is a multifactorial disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of neuronal networks. The pathological hallmarks includes extracellular amyloid plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, but the primary cause is only partially understood. Thus, there is growing interest in developing agents that might target multiple mechanisms leading to neuronal degeneration. CHF5074 is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory derivative that has been shown to behave as a γ-secretase modulator in vitro and to inhibit plaque deposition and to reverse memory deficit in vivo in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the present study, the effects of a long-term (13-month) treatment with CHF5074 on indicators of brain functionality and neurodegeneration in transgenic AD mice (Tg2576) have been assessed and compared with those induced by a prototypical γ-secretase inhibitor (DAPT).

Results
To this end, plaque-free, 6-month-old Tg2576 mice and wild-type littermates were fed with a diet containing CHF5074 (125 and 375 ppm/day), DAPT (375 ppm/day) or vehicle for 13 months. The measured indicators included object recognition memory, amyloid burden, brain oligomeric and plasma Aβ levels, intraneuronal Aβ, dendritic spine density/morphology, neuronal cyclin A positivity and activated microglia. Tg2576 mice fed with standard diet displayed an impairment of recognition memory. This deficit was completely reverted by the higher dose of CHF5074, while no effects were observed in DAPT-treated mice. Similarly, amyloid plaque burden, microglia activation and aberrant cell cycle events were significantly affected by CHF5074, but not DAPT, treatment. Both CHF5074 and DAPT reduced intraneuronal Aβ content, also increasing Aβ40 and Aβ42 plasma levels.

Conclusions
This comparative analysis revealed a profoundly diverse range of clinically relevant effects differentiating the multifunctional anti-inflammatory derivative CHF5074 from the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT and highlighted unique mechanisms and potential targets that may be crucial for neuroprotection in mouse models of AD.
Detecting chronic kidney disease in population-based administrative databases using an algorithm of hospital encounter and physician claim codes
Authors: Fleet Jamie L , Dixon Stephanie N , Shariff Salimah Z , Quinn Robert R , Nash Danielle M , Harel Ziv , Garg Amit X 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Large, population-based administrative healthcare databases can be used to identify patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) when serum creatinine laboratory results are unavailable. We examined the validity of algorithms that used combined hospital encounter and physician claims database codes for the detection of CKD in Ontario, Canada.

Methods
We accrued 123,499 patients over the age of 65 from 2007 to 2010. All patients had a baseline serum creatinine value to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We developed an algorithm of physician claims and hospital encounter codes to search administrative databases for the presence of CKD. We determined the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of this algorithm to detect our primary threshold of CKD, an eGFR <45 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (15.4% of patients). We also assessed serum creatinine and eGFR values in patients with and without CKD codes (algorithm positive and negative, respectively).

Results
Our algorithm required evidence of at least one of eleven CKD codes and 7.7% of patients were algorithm positive. The sensitivity was 32.7% [95% confidence interval: (95% CI): 32.0 to 33.3%]. Sensitivity was lower in women compared to men (25.7 vs. 43.7%; p <0.001) and in the oldest age category (over 80 vs. 66 to 80; 28.4 vs. 37.6 %; p < 0.001). All specificities were over 94%. The positive and negative predictive values were 65.4% (95% CI: 64.4 to 66.3%) and 88.8% (95% CI: 88.6 to 89.0%), respectively. In algorithm positive patients, the median [interquartile range (IQR)] baseline serum creatinine value was 135 μmol/L (106 to 179 μmol/L) compared to 82 μmol/L (69 to 98 μmol/L) for algorithm negative patients. Corresponding eGFR values were 38 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (26 to 51 mL/min per 1.73 m2) vs. 69 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (56 to 82 mL/min per 1.73 m2), respectively.

Conclusions
Patients with CKD as identified by our database algorithm had distinctly higher baseline serum creatinine values and lower eGFR values than those without such codes. However, because of limited sensitivity, the prevalence of CKD was underestimated.
Generation and application of drug indication inference models using typed network motif comparison analysis
Authors: Choi Jaejoon , Kim Kwangmin , Song Min , Lee Doheon 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
As the amount of publicly available biomedical data increases, discovering hidden knowledge from biomedical data (i.e., Undiscovered Public Knowledge (UPK) proposed by Swanson) became an important research topic in the biological literature mining field. Drug indication inference, or drug repositioning, is one of famous UPK tasks, which infers alternative indications for approved drugs. Many previous studies tried to find novel candidate indications of existing drugs, but these works have following limitations: 1) models are not fully automated which required manual modulations to desired tasks, 2) are not able to cover various biomedical entities, and 3) have inference limitations that those works could infer only pre-defined cases using limited patterns. To overcome these problems, we suggest a new drug indication inference model.

Methods
In this paper, we adopted the Typed Network Motif Comparison Algorithm (TNMCA) to infer novel drug indications using topology of given network. Typed Network Motifs (TNM) are network motifs, which store types of data, instead of values of data. TNMCA is a powerful inference algorithm for multi-level biomedical interaction data as TNMs depend on the different types of entities and relations. We utilized a new normalized scoring function as well as network exclusion to improve the inference results. To validate our method, we applied TNMCA to a public database, Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD).

Results
The results show that enhanced TNMCA was able to infer meaningful indications with high performance (AUC = 0.801, 0.829) compared to the ABC model (AUC = 0.7050) and previous TNMCA model (AUC = 0.5679, 0.7469). The literature analysis also shows that TNMCA inferred meaningful results.

Conclusions
We proposed and enhanced a novel drug indication inference model by incorporating topological patterns of given network. By utilizing inference models from the topological patterns, we were able to improve inference power in drug indication inferences.
The anti-idiotypic antibody 1F7 stimulates monocyte interleukin-10 production and induces endotoxin tolerance
Authors: Davtyan Tigran K , Poghosyan David A , Sukiasyan Anna G , Grant Michael D 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundPathogens that establish chronic infection elicit immune responses with suppressive cytokines dominating over pro-inflammatory cytokines. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection are associated with high levels of antiviral antibodies expressing a common idiotype specifically recognized by the 1F7 monoclonal antibody (mAb). The 1F7 mAb is a murine IgMκ antibody raised against immunoglobulin pooled from the plasma of multiple HIV-infected individuals. In this study, we investigated direct effects of the 1F7 mAb itself on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).MethodsIsolated monocytes or PBMC from healthy controls were incubated with the 1F7 mAb or IgMκ mAb control. Cytokine production was measured in cell culture supernatants by ELISA and cells producing interleukin-10 (IL-10) were identified by subset depletion and intracellular flow cytometry. Endotoxin tolerance was assessed by exposing monocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) following 1F7 mAb or IgMκ mAb control pre-treatment and comparing tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in cell culture supernatants.ResultsThe 1F7 mAb stimulated monocytes and CD36+lymphocytes to produce IL-10 in a time and dose-dependent manner. Treatment of monocytes with 1F7 mAb also reduced their subsequent responsiveness to LPS stimulation.ConclusionsInduction of antibodies expressing the 1F7 idiotype by chronic pathogens may facilitate IL-10 production and progression to chronic infection. Direct effects of IL-10 from human monocytes stimulated by 1F7-like antibodies, followed by monocyte transition to an alternatively activated phenotype illustrated by endotoxin tolerance, are two complementary features favouring a tolerogenic or non-responsive immunological environment.
Mutational spectrum of the APC and MUTYH genes and genotype–phenotype correlations in Brazilian FAP, AFAP, and MAP patients
Authors: Torrezan Giovana Tardin , da Silva Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro , Santos Érika Maria Monteiro , Krepischi Ana Cristina Victorino , Achatz Maria Isabel Waddington , Junior Samuel Aguiar , Rossi Benedito Mauro , Carraro Dirce Maria 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Patients with multiple colorectal adenomas are currently screened for germline mutations in two genes, APC and MUTYH. APC-mutated patients present classic or attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP/AFAP), while patients carrying biallelic MUTYH mutations exhibit MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP). The spectrum of mutations as well as the genotype-phenotype correlations in polyposis syndromes present clinical impact and can be population specific, making important to obtain genetic and clinical data from different populations.

Methods
DNA sequencing of the complete coding region of the APC and MUTYH genes was performed in 23 unrelated Brazilian polyposis patients. In addition, mutation-negative patients were screened for large genomic rearrangements by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, array-comparative genomic hybridization, and duplex quantitative PCR. Biallelic MUTYH mutations were confirmed by allele-specific PCR. Clinical data of the index cases and their affected relatives were used to assess genotype–phenotype correlations.

Results
Pathogenic mutations were identified in 20 of the 23 probands (87%): 14 in the APC gene and six in the MUTYH gene; six of them (30%) were described for the first time in this series. Genotype-phenotype correlations revealed divergent results compared with those described in other studies, particularly regarding the extent of polyposis and the occurrence of desmoid tumors in families with mutations before codon 1444 (6/8 families with desmoid).

Conclusions
This first comprehensive investigation of the APC and MUTYH mutation spectrum in Brazilian polyposis patients showed a high detection rate and identified novel pathogenic mutations. Notably, a significant number of APC-positive families were not consistent with the predicted genotype-phenotype correlations from other populations.