bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ni(II)‐NTA Modified Poly(ethylene imine) Glycopolymers: Physicochemical Properties and First In Vitro Study of Polyplexes Formed with HIV‐Derived Peptides
Authors: Hauptmann Nicole , Pion Marjorie , Muñoz‐Fernández María‐Ángeles , Komber Hartmut , Werner Carsten , Voit Brigitte , Appelhans Dietmar 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAlternative delivery entities are desirable in immunotherapies in which polyplexes are widely formed by electrostatic interactions to induce cellular uptake processes for bioactive molecules. In our study, biocompatible Ni(II)‐nitrilo(triacetic acid)‐modified poly(ethylene imine)‐maltose (Ni‐NTA‐DG) is realized and evaluated as complexation agent against His‐tagged peptides using fluorescence polarization and dynamic light scattering. The polyplexes are stable until a pH of 6.5–6.0, and also up to 50 mM of imidazole. A first uptake approach shows that polyplexes lead to an increase in peptide uptake in monocyte‐derived immature dendritic cells. In summary, Ni‐NTA‐DG represents a promising (delivery) platform for forthcoming in vitro applications. magnified image
p‐Doping and Fiber Spinning of Poly(heptadiyne)s
Authors: Anderson Emily B. , Kumar P. Santosh , Schawaller Dirk , Mavila Sudheendran , Voss Michael , Freyer Anette , Knolle Wolfgang , Hermanutz Frank , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPoly(4,4‐bis[(3,5‐diethoxybenzoyloxy)methyl]‐1,6‐heptadiyne) is synthesized via cyclopolymerization using modified Grubbs‐ and Schrock‐type initiators. Doping with either I2 or NO+ BF4− yields a conductive polymer with conductivity up to 1.4 × 10−2 S cm−1. The undoped amorphous conjugated polymer is spun into monofilament and multifilament fibers by a wet‐spinning process. Fibers are collected on bobbins with a draw down ratio of 12 resulting in fiber diameters under 60 μm, characterized by scanning electron microscopy. X‐ray diffraction data confirms that the amorphous structure of the polymer is preserved; no additional orientation of the polymer chains occurs during fiber spinning.magnified image
Hemoglobin shady grove: A novel fetal methemoglobin variant
Authors: Marks Asher , Luo Hong‐yuan , Chui David H.K. , Greenberg Jay 
Published: March 2013

AbstractRecommendations by the US Department of Health and Human Services Secretary's Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children aim to increase congenital heart disease screening by pulse oximetry in the nursery. Here, we describe a novel fetal methemoglobin variant discovered in a newborn found to have oxygen saturations significantly below normal upon pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart disease. As universal newborn screening with pulse oximetry is implemented, hereditary variant hemoglobins should be considered in the diagnostic work‐up in otherwise well newborns with low SpO2. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60E55‐E56. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surface Patterning by Local Plasma Jet Sacrificial Oxidation of Silicon
Authors: Paetzelt Hendrik , Arnold Thomas , Böhm Georg , Pietag Fred , Schindler Axel 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLocal plasma oxidation of silicon in combination with wet chemical etching provides a method for high accuracy computer controlled surface modification and machining. In this paper we use a microwave powered atmospheric pressure Ar/He/O2 plasma jet for the local oxidation with a typical tool function width of about 1.4 mm. The relationship between oxide layer thickness and plasma jet parameters is discussed in detail regarding working distance, scan velocity, and line feed rate. Surface roughness after oxidation and after chemical removal of the oxide layer was measured using an atomic force microscope. The compositional analysis and the refractive index n of the oxide layer were measured by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and spectroscopic ellipsometry, respectively. magnified image
Effects of puberty on cystic fibrosis related pulmonary exacerbations in women versus men
Authors: Sutton Shelby , Rosenbluth Daniel , Raghavan Deepa , Zheng Jie , Jain Raksha 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiologic data from studies of airway diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis indicate a gender disparity where women have worse outcomes. The explanation for this is largely unknown. We hypothesize that female sex hormones play a role in this gender disparity, predisposing women to more exacerbations and decreased lung function post‐puberty.ObjectiveIn Cystic Fibrosis, to determine if puberty marks a point of increasing exacerbations and decreasing lung function in women relative to men.MethodsUsing the United States Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry, we used linear regression to compare lung function and rate of pulmonary exacerbations in men versus women before and after puberty.ResultsOf 5,137 subjects who met inclusion criteria, 2,689 were male and 2,448 were female. Average age of puberty was found to be 13.2 ± 2.2 years in men and 11.2 ± 2.0 years of age in women. Percent predicted FEV1 pre‐ and post‐puberty were no different between males versus females (P = 0.44 pre‐puberty and P = 0.16 post‐puberty). In contrast, women had a significantly higher rate of pulmonary exacerbations post‐puberty than men (1.17 ± 1.35 exacerbations per year in women versus 0.95 ± 1.27 in men; P < 0.001) despite controlling for morphometrics, co‐morbidities, and microbiologic variables.ConclusionAfter puberty, the rate of pulmonary exacerbations increased in adolescent women relative to men with cystic fibrosis, supporting a role for sex hormones in the disease process. Further understanding of the mechanisms that modulate sex hormone receptors in airway disease may serve as future targets for therapy. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:28–35. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recurrence of CCHS associated PHOX2B poly‐alanine expansion mutation due to maternal mosaicism
Authors: Bachetti Tiziana , Di Duca Marco , Monica Matteo Della , Grappone Lidia , Scarano Gioacchino , Ceccherini Isabella 
Published: March 2013

AbstractHeterozygous in frame trinucleotide duplications within the PHOX2B gene, leading to poly‐alanine expansions, cause Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome. Here we report about a CCHS patient, carrying a +13Ala PHOX2B expansion, whose asymptomatic mother resulted with a low level of mosaicism for the same mutation in peripheral blood cells. Her second pregnancy ended with the spontaneous miscarriage of a fetus who had inherited the PHOX2B mutation, thus confirming germline mosaicism in the mother and the need of proper genetic counseling to CCHS families. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:E45–E47. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phase diagram of the itinerant‐electron ferromagnet ZrZn2
Authors: Kabeya N. , Maekawa H. , Deguchi K. , Kimura N. , Aoki H. , Sato N. K. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe weak itinerant‐electron ferromagnet ZrZn2 exhibits intriguing high‐pressure properties, such as non‐Fermi‐liquid behavior and the electronic topological transition (the Lifshitz transition). We report the detailed magnetic properties at high pressures and propose a novel phase diagram containing a crossover temperature that emerges from a metamagnetic critical point.
An upper bound on the number of Steiner triple systems
Authors: Linial Nathan , Luria Zur 
Published: March 2013

AbstractRichard Wilson conjectured in 1974 the following asymptotic formula for the number of n ‐vertex Steiner triple systems:
\documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs, amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}\begin{align*} STS(n) = \left( (1+o(1))\frac{n}{e^2} \right)^{\frac{n^2}{6}}\end{align*}\end{document}. Our main result is that

The proof is based on the entropy method.As a prelude to this proof we consider the number F(n) of 1 ‐factorizations of the complete graph on n vertices. Using the Kahn‐Lovász theorem it can be shown that

We show how to derive this bound using the entropy method. Both bounds are conjectured to be sharp. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 43, 399–406, 2013
Roughness parameter selection for novel manufacturing processes
Authors: Ham M. , Powers B. M. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryThis work proposes a method of roughness parameter (RP) selection for novel manufacturing processes or processes where little knowledge exists about which RPs are important. The method selects a single parameter to represent a group of highly correlated parameters. Single point incremental forming (SPIF) is used as the case study for the manufacturing process. This methodology was successful in reducing the number of RPs investigated from 18 to 8 in the case study. SCANNING 36:21–29, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ersatzneubau für die Schnettkerbrücke in Dortmund: Bauausführung (Teil 2)
Authors: Schmidt Andreas , Weißbrich Markus , Hagemann Axel , Hamme Markus 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDie Bauausführung für den Ersatzneubau der Schnettkerbrücke begann mit der Zuschlagserteilung an das Unternehmen Schachtbau Nordhausen GmbH im September 2005. Schnell zeigte sich, dass die Realisierung des Bauwerksentwurfs für die technisch und optisch anspruchsvolle Brücke in dieser exponierten Lage für alle Beteiligten eine große Herausforderung war.Die Herstellung erfolgte unter schwierigen Randbedingungen. So musste der Bauablauf unter weitestgehender Aufrechterhaltung des Straßen‐ und Bahnverkehrs erfolgen. Die Gründungssituation erwies sich als außerordentlich schwierig. Neben dem Neubau musste auch noch die alte Brücke mit einem aufwendigen Verfahren abgebrochen werden. Zusätzlich waren die Interessen der Bewohner des Stadtteils Schönau zu berücksichtigen, da sie während der Bauzeit vom Baustellenverkehr besonders betroffen waren.Der folgende Aufsatz beschreibt die technischen Lösungen zur Umsetzung der komplexen Bauaufgabe. Eine generelle Bauwerksbeschreibung erfolgte bereits einem ersten Teil über den Ersatzneubau der Schnettkerbrücke [1].Replacement of the Bridge Schnettkerbrücke in Dortmund: Building of the bridge (part 2). The replacement of the Bridge Schnettkerbrücke started with the assignment of the construction company Schachtbau Nordhausen GmbH in September 2005. It was quickly to realize, that the building of this technical and optical ambitious bridge was a great challenge for all participants.The erection had to take place under difficult conditions. The disturbance of road and railroad traffic must be reduced to a minimum. The building of the foundations was very difficult. Besides of the building of the new bridge the old bridge must be deconstructed. The interests of the inhabitants of the urban district Schönau had to be respected, because they were disturbed by the site traffic during the whole construction period.The following paper describes the technical solutions to execute the complex construction process. For a general description of the bridge see [1].
Silver Salt and Derivatives of 5‐Azido‐1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole‐3‐­carbonitrile
Authors: Izsák Dániel , Klapötke Thomas M. , Reuter Stephan , Rösener Thomas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study features the preparation of three new energetic C‐azido‐1, 2, 4‐triazoles, with the anion of one being a new binary C–N compound. 5‐Azido‐1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole‐3‐carbonitrile (1) was prepared from 5‐amino‐1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole‐3‐carbonitrile and further derivatized to 5‐azido‐1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole‐3‐carbohydroximoyl chloride (5) with 3‐azido‐1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole‐5‐carboxamidoxime (3) as an intermediate. The ability of 1 and 3 for salt formation was shown with the respective silver salts 2 and 4. All compounds were well characterized by various means, including IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and DSC. The molecular structures of 1, 3, and 5 in the solid state were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The sensitivities towards various outer stimuli (impact, friction, electrostatic discharge) were determined according to BAM standards. The silver salts were additionally tested for their potential as primary explosives.
Obstacles to Surgical Services in a Rural Cameroonian District Hospital
Authors: Ilbawi André M. , Einterz Ellen M. , Nkusu Daniel 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThere are significant obstacles to the delivery of surgical care in low income countries. Few studies have defined or characterized these constraints. The present study aimed to identify financial and demographic factors limiting the utilization of surgical services in rural Cameroon.MethodsA review was performed of all surgical records for patients presenting for surgery at the District Hospital of Kolofata in rural Cameroon over the 3‐year study period (2004–2007). Disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated using disease‐ and patient‐specific outcomes while accounting for postoperative morbidity. Univariate and multivariate analysis identified factors associated with failure to return for care.ResultsDuring the study period, 1,213 patients presented for preoperative evaluation, were informed of the cost to be paid preoperatively, and had surgery scheduled. Of these, 544 patients did not return for treatment, representing 2,163 DALYs potentially lost. Multivariate analysis revealed significant factors associated with increased likelihood of not returning for care as required preoperative payment >$US 310 (OR 0.44–0.86) and a recommended procedure for cancer (OR 0.47–0.86) or cutaneous disease (OR 0.28–0.95). Factors associated with increased odds of returning were male gender (OR 1.03–1.98), preoperative payment <$US 50 (OR 2.86–16.2), and a procedure with low DALYs (OR 1.71–9.89). The average cost per DALY for all operations performed was $US 27.13.ConclusionsAlthough surgery addresses a significant disease burden and is reported to be a cost‐effective public health intervention, utilization is limited by high costs, demographic factors, and patient perceptions of surgical diseases.
Resident Selection of Hand Surgery Fellowships: A Survey of the 2011, 2012, and 2013 Hand Fellowship Graduates
Authors: Brunworth Louis S. , Chintalapani Shravan R. , Gray Robert R. , Cardoso Roy , Owens Patrick W. 
Published: March 2013

Background We desired information from the recent, current, and future matched hand surgery fellows regarding their residency training, number of interviews, position matched, cost of interviewing, influences, opinions on future hand training models, and post-fellowship job information. Method Institutional review board approval was obtained from our institution to submit an online survey. An email was sent to the coordinators of all US Hand Fellowships to be forwarded to their fellows with graduation years 2011, 2012, and 2013, as well as directly to the fellows if their email addresses were provided. Data on the application process, relative importance of program attributes, and opinions regarding optimal training of a hand surgeon were collected. Statistical analysis was performed with respect to the training background and graduation year of the respondent. Results The survey was completed by 137 hand surgery fellows. Seventy-one percent of the survey responders were from an orthopedic residency background, 20 % from plastic, and 7 % from general surgery. Forty-four percent of all of the respondents matched into their first choice. The type of operative cases performed by the current fellows was most often selected as very important when making their rank list. Seventy-seven percent of the respondents reflected their personal preference in fellowship model to be a 1-year fellowship program. Conclusions The field of hand surgery is unique in that it has residents from multiple training backgrounds who all apply to one fellowship. The current fellowship model allows for diversity of training and the possibility of obtaining a second fellowship if desired.
Effect of the combinations between pea proteins and soluble fibres on cholesterolaemia and cholesterol metabolism in rats
Authors: Parolini Cinzia , Manzini Stefano , Busnelli Marco , Rigamonti Elena , Marchesi Marta , Diani Erika , Sirtori Cesare R. , Chiesa Giulia 
Published: March 2013

Many functional foods and dietary supplements have been reported to be beneficial for the management of dyslipidaemia, one of the major risk factors for CVD. Soluble fibres and legume proteins are known to be a safe and practical approach for cholesterol reduction. The present study aimed at investigating the hypocholesterolaemic effect of the combinations of these bioactive vegetable ingredients and their possible effects on the expression of genes regulating cholesterol homeostasis. A total of six groups of twelve rats each were fed, for 28 d, Nath's hypercholesterolaemic diets, differing in protein and fibre sources, being, respectively, casein and cellulose (control), pea proteins and cellulose (pea), casein and oat fibres (oat), casein and apple pectin (pectin), pea proteins and oat fibres (pea+oat) and pea proteins and apple pectin (pea+pectin). Administration of each vegetable-containing diet was associated with lower total cholesterol concentrations compared with the control. The combinations (pea+oat and pea+pectin) were more efficacious than fibres alone in modulating cholesterolaemia ( − 53 and − 54 %, respectively, at 28 d;P< 0·005). In rats fed the diets containing oat fibres or apple pectin, alone or in combination with pea proteins, a lower hepatic cholesterol content (P< 0·005) and higher hepatic mRNA concentrations ofCYP7A1andNTCPwere found when compared with the control rats (P< 0·05). In summary, the dietary combinations of pea proteins and oat fibres or apple pectin are extremely effective in lowering plasma cholesterol concentrations in rats and affect cellular cholesterol homeostasis by up-regulating genes involved in hepatic cholesterol turnover.
DYNASTY, LAW, AND THE IMPERIAL PROVINCIAL MADRASA: THE CASE OF AL-MADRASA AL-ʿUTHMANIYYA IN OTTOMAN JERUSALEM
Authors: Burak Guy 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study looks at the history of two madrasas in Jerusalem, al-Madrasa al-ʿUthmaniyya and al-Madrasa al-Fanariyya from the 15th to the 18th centuries, in order to examine an understudied Ottoman institution: the imperial provincial madrasa. The imperial madrasas were assigned to the state-appointed Hanafi muftis of different localities across the empire. This essay argues that these learning institutions helped to consolidate the connection between the Ottoman dynasty, its appointed jurisconsults, and its broader imperial learned hierarchy. Beyond revealing some of its important institutional aspects, examining the imperial provincial madrasa casts light on the doctrinal role the Ottoman dynasty assumed in regulating the content of Hanafi jurisprudence that members of the imperial learned hierarchy were to apply. This role and the connections between the dynasty and its appointed jurisconsults had important effects within the diverse legal landscape of the empire, where multiple Sunni (especially Hanafi) legal and scholarly traditions coexisted. In further analyzing the identity of the endowers of these imperial madrasas, the article opens up new avenues for exploring how the Ottoman dynasty was defined in different contexts.
Climate variability and potential distribution of selected pest species in south Moravia and north-east Austria in the past 200 years – lessons for the future
Authors: SVOBODOVÁ E. , TRNKA M. , ŽALUD Z. , SEMERÁDOVÁ D. , DUBROVSKÝ M. , EITZINGER J. , ŠTĚPÁNEK P. , BRÁZDIL R. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYThe present study investigated the historical occurrence of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), the European grape vine moth (Lobesia botrana) and the Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in southern Moravia and northern Austria from 1803–2008 by using climate and pest models. The pest model used, CLIMEX, indicates areas that are climatically favourable for the pest's development and long-term survival, considering the climatic parameters, especially daily air temperature, as determining factors for pest development. For model input parameters, two sets of meteorological data were prepared: (i) a generated meteorological series for 1803–2008 and (ii) a measured reference meteorological series for 1976–2008. In addition to estimating the historical climatic suitability for the persistence of a given pest, a second aim of the present study was to specify the core of the climatic niche during the continued presence of the pest and evaluate the applicability of the meteorological data generated for climate, based on pest mapping. This evaluation resulted in a partial overestimation of pest occurrence for L. botrana when using the generated meteorological data set. This species, native to warmer areas, has proved to be a sensitive indicator of increased temperatures.
Advantages of early replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type VI: echocardiographic follow-up of siblings
Authors: Leal Gabriela N. , de Paula Ana C. , Morhy Samira S. , Andrade José L. , Kim Chong A. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis type VI (Marateaux–Lamy syndrome) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficient activity of the enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulphatase (arylsulphatase B). Cytoplasmic vacuoles full of dermatan sulphate are observed in endothelial cells, myocyte, and fibroblasts, compromising the function of cardiovascular structures and contributing significantly towards morbidity and mortality. The primary objective of this study was to assess the advantages of early replacement therapy with recombinant human arylsulphatase B through the echocardiographic follow-up of sisters who started treatment at quite different ages: one at 9 years and the other at 1 year and 7 months. The older sibling showed striking mitral and aortic valve compromise when she was only 2 years old and finally needed cardiac surgery at the age of 8, even before starting enzyme replacement. Differently, the younger one has developed only mild mitral and aortic lesions throughout the follow-up period of 3 years. The two siblings had left ventricle cardiomyopathy, but partial reverse remodelling was induced by enzyme replacement therapy in both cases. The younger sibling has never received any cardiovascular drugs, whereas the older one has been using β-blockers and diuretics in addition to enzyme therapy to cope with heart failure. Comparing the outcomes of these two sisters with a very aggressive phenotype of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI, the conclusion was that early onset of therapy may slow down the disease progression and prevent severe cardiac lesions to be established. Moreover, patients’ compliance is essential for the success of treatment, as sequential echocardiographic evaluation demonstrated worsening of some cardiac lesions whenever infusions were missed.
Integrating soil science into agricultural production frontiers
Authors: Ekbom Anders , Alem Yonas , Sterner Thomas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis paper integrates soil science variables into an economic analysis of agricultural output among small-scale farmers in Kenya's highlands. The integration is valuable because farmers’ choice of inputs depends on both the status of the soil and socioeconomic conditions. The study uses a stochastic production frontier in which the individual farm's distance to the frontier depends systematically on individual factors. We show the importance of including key soil properties and find that phosphorus has a negative output elasticity, suggesting that farms may be using the wrong fertilizer mix. Hence, the central policy implication is that while fertilizers are generally beneficial, their application needs to be based on better soil information. This highlights the importance of strengthening agricultural extension, increased access to markets and more diversified supply of production inputs.