bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and sensitivity to food and inhalants among children with eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Rodrigues Mariano de Almeida Rezend Erica , Barros Cristina Palmer , Ynoue Leandro Hideki , Santos Amanda Torido , Melo Costa Pinto Rogerio , Rodrigues Silva Segundo Gesmar 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Background
To understand the clinical characteristics and the diagnostic procedures in pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis and to evaluate the sensitivity of the patients to food and inhalant allergens. A cross-sectional study was performed in 35 children with eosinophilic esophagitis during the time period from January 2010 to January 2011. The clinical and epidemiological data were obtained using a questionnaire and medical chart analysis. The body mass index for age was used for the nutritional evaluation (via the Z score). The sensitivity to foods and inhalants was evaluated by performing a skin prick test and atopy patch test.

Results
Patients (35 in total, median age 10 years) with a diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis were evaluated. The most prevalent symptoms in the patients were vomiting (71.4%) and abdominal pain (51.4%). Endoscopic alterations were observed in 97.2% of the patients. A good nutritional state was observed in 82.8% of the children. The tests demonstrated the presence of food sensitivities and/or aeroallergens in 27 (77.1%) patients, whereas 8 (22.9%) patients did not test positive in any of the tests performed. Among the patients with positive tests, 24 (68.5%) exhibited sensitivity to aeroallergens and 16 (45.7%) were sensitive to foods. The comparison between the sensitive and insensitive groups displayed statistically significant results with respect to sex, symptom prevalence, and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring.

Conclusions
The patients evaluated in this study displayed clinical characteristics of eosinophilic esophagitis similar to those reported in the literature. The sensitivity to foods determined by the tests was less than that observed in prior studies; however, a marked sensitivity to aeroallergens was observed. The different allergen sensitivity profiles observed in this study suggests that, similar to asthma, the eosinophiic esophagitis disease may exhibit several phenotypes.
Neurofilaments as a plasma biomarker for ICU-acquired weakness: an observational pilot study
Authors: Wieske Luuk , Witteveen Esther , Petzold Axel , Verhamme Camiel , Schultz Marcus J , van Schaik Ivo N , Horn Janneke 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Early diagnosis of intensive care unit – acquired weakness (ICU-AW) using the current reference standard, that is, assessment of muscle strength, is often hampered due to impaired consciousness. Biological markers could solve this problem but have been scarcely investigated. We hypothesized that plasma levels of neurofilaments are elevated in ICU-AW and can diagnose ICU-AW before muscle strength assessment is possible.

Methods
For this prospective observational cohort study, neurofilament levels were measured using ELISA (NfHSMI35 antibody) in daily plasma samples (index test). When patients were awake and attentive, ICU-AW was diagnosed using the Medical Research Council scale (reference standard). Differences and discriminative power (using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC) of highest and cumulative (calculated using the area under the neurofilament curve) neurofilament levels were investigated in relation to the moment of muscle strength assessment for each patient.

Results
Both the index test and reference standard were available for 77 ICU patients. A total of 18 patients (23%) fulfilled the clinical criteria for ICU-AW. Peak neurofilament levels were higher in patients with ICU-AW and had good discriminative power (AUC: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.97). However, neurofilament levels did not peak before muscle strength assessment was possible. Highest or cumulative neurofilament levels measured before muscle strength assessment could not diagnose ICU-AW (AUC 0.59; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.80 and AUC 0.57; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.81, respectively).

Conclusions
Plasma neurofilament levels are raised in ICU-AW and may serve as a biological marker for ICU-AW. However, our study suggests that an early diagnosis of ICU-AW, before muscle strength assessment, is not possible using neurofilament levels in plasma.
New diagnostic strategy for sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation: a prospective single-center observational study
Authors: Ishikura Hiroyasu , Nishida Takeshi , Murai Akira , Nakamura Yoshihiko , Irie Yuhei , Tanaka Junichi , Umemura Takehiro 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Inflammation and coagulation are closely interrelated pathophysiologic processes in the pathogenesis of sepsis. However, the diagnostic criteria of sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are different. This study aimed to define a biomarker panel to predict sepsis-induced DIC in emergency department patients.

Methods
Eighty-two patients who were admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary university hospital were included in this study. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age >18 years; (2) ≥1 systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria. Patients were excluded if they lacked biomarker data or apparent clinical manifestations. Eleven biomarkers were assayed from blood drawn on ED admission. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis including the area under the ROC and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify an optimal combination of biomarkers to create a diagnostic panel. The derived formula for weighting biomarker values was used to determine the severity of sepsis-induced DIC, which was divided into three categories: mild, moderate, and severe. We also investigated the ability of this classification to predict secondary outcome measures of rates of sepsis and DIC, DIC score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score, sequential organ failure score (SOFA) score, and 28-day all-cause mortality.

Results
Among the 11 biomarkers tested, the optimal 2-marker panel comprised presepsin and protein C. The area under the curve for the accuracies of predicting sepsis and DIC from these two biomarkers were 0.913 and 0.880, respectively. When patients were divided according to the severity of sepsis-induced DIC, all secondary outcomes except for mortality were significantly higher depending on the severity (P < .0001). The overall mortality rates of mild, moderate, and severe sepsis-induced DIC were 7.14%, 15.4%, and 28.6%, respectively (P = .0994).

Conclusions
A biomarker panel of presepsin and protein C is predictive of the severity of sepsis-induced DIC in suspected ED patients. These criteria for sepsis-induced DIC are very simple, easy to implement, and can be used in intensive care units as a point-of-care test.
Electrochemical and Mechanical Durability of Cast Membranes and a Reinforced Membrane Based on Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Sim Woo-Jong , Lee Mi-Soon , Choi Young-Woo 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this study, the electrochemical and mechanical durabilities of two types of cast membranes and a reinforced composite membrane based on sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) were evaluated by OCV test and wet–dry cycle test. The composite membrane with electrospun microporous polyimide substrates showed higher mechanical stability than the cast membranes. Also, the higher the molecular weight of polymer membrane, the greater the electrochemical stability.
Synthesis of Triphosphatruxene via Sextuple Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution and Simple Isolation of Stereoisomers
Authors: Kojima Tatsuo , Furukawa Shunsuke , Tsuji Hayato , Nakamura Eiichi 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The phosphorus analog of truxene, triphosphatruxene, was effectively synthesized by a sextuple aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction with phenylphosphine. The vacuum sublimation process completely converted the mixture of stereoisomers into the thermodynamically unpreferred syn-isomer.
Continual Automatic Generation of Gases on Hydrophobic Transverse Microgrooved Surface
Authors: Wang Bao , Wang Jiadao , Chen Darong 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A surface with hydrophobic transverse microgrooves was designed and fabricated to achieve the stable entrapped gas within the surface. By successfully entrapping a gas in the designed surface, optical observations in a water tunnel indicated that the gas was generated continually to replace the gas carried off by the flowing water, resulting in a stable gas film at solid–liquid interfaces.
Directed Evolution of Hydrolytic Antibodies in Phage-displayed Combinatorial Libraries
Authors: Tsumuraya Takeshi , Fujii Ikuo 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This review article describes our strategy for directed evolution of catalytic antibodies in phage-displayed antibody (Fab) libraries. To evolve catalytic antibodies toward higher catalytic activity, we have reconstructed an enzyme-evolutionary process in vitro. Thus, a phage-displayed combinatorial library from a hydrolytic antibody, 6D9, generated by the conventional in vivo method by immunization with transition-state analog (TSA) 5, was screened against a newly devised TSA 7 to optimize the differential affinity for the transition state relative to the ground state. This method provided evolved mutants which exhibited 20-fold higher activity than the parent antibody, 6D9. Structural analysis revealed an advantage of in vitro evolution over in vivo evolution: an induced catalytic residue in the evolved catalytic antibody arises from double mutations in one codon, which rarely occur in somatic hypermutation in the immune response.
Constructing method related to technical drawing of sphere surface with overlay of sphere’s own and falling shadows
Authors: Никифоров  , Nikiforov V. , Мальцева  , Maltseva Ekaterina 
Published: January 2014

A graphical method related to constructing of sphere’s
own and falling shadows on the sphere surface is offered. A limit
of sphere’s own shadow is constructed as an ellipse, whose dimen -
sions and location depend on a flow of light parallel rays and their
secondary projections. For creation of a falling shadow the projection
of sphere’s axonometric sketch on a plane of horizontally
located equator is used. Then, using affine (related) transformations,
secondary projections of any points of own shadow contour on a
basic surface are defined.
«Engineering geometric-graphy» with elements of computerization (methodology, curriculum)
Authors: Борисова  , Borisova A. , Степура  , Stepura Ekaterina , Полежаев  , Polezhaev Yu. 
Published: January 2014

The continuous pedagogical experiment in the framework
of scientific research and didactic developments on optimization
program related to the study of complex consisting of geometry, graph and their engineering applications is realized in MGSU
during 30 years. This program with the traditional name of «descriptive
geometry, engineering graphics» is well corresponding by its
content to «Engineering geometric-graphy» with computer technology
elements. This program meets two fundamental problems of
pedagogy methodology: course theory elements perfection and
considerations of material and technical means related to its realization
in the area of practical applications. The program of the
course «Engineering geometric-graphy» with computerization elements
is presented in this paper.
Educational Support of Gifted Students in Innovative Education Conditions
Authors: Фокина  , Fokina Nina , Бощенко  , Boshchenko Tatyana 
Published: January 2014

A program related to educational support of gifted
students’ activity is presented. Its educational objective and results
related to mastering of various competences by participants have
been revealed. The main criteria related to efficiency of educational
support process which enable the student for optimum entry
into innovative activity are defined. A content of program with
structure and thematic plan is presented. Stages of main actions
for program implementation in relation to conditions of students
training for academic competition have been covered. Data of the
necessary directions in research have been obtained. Work is focused
on further search for effective methodical systems related to gifted
students training in computer graphics
Information technologies in graphic disciplines of technical university
Authors: Гузненков  , Guznenkov Vladimir 
Published: January 2014

A structure and content of graphics teaching at technical
university with information technologies use are considered
in this paper. The necessity to meet the requirements related to
information support of products’ life cycle is marked. Educational
disciplines of graphic teaching in technical university have been
considered and defined. It has been noted that the main feature of
modern graphic teaching is a 3D-modeling, and the main purpose
of graphics teaching upgrading is a significant increase in the quality
of training without increasing the number of training hours.
From this it follows that the basic requirement for the geometrical
graphics training is significant expansion of modeling volume.
Information support in modern technologies of graphic disciplines training
Authors: Новожилова  , Novozhilova S. , Егорычева  , Egorycheva E. 
Published: January 2014

The paper is devoted to the solution of an actual task
on improvement of technologies related to training in «Engineering
Graphics» course that is in turn inseparably linked with application
of information technologies’ complex means. Creation and use of
computer textbook on construction and technical plotting which
can be used during performing of tasks on construction plotting,
and also during performing of academic year and degree projects
by students of all specialties are considered in this work.
Specifics of design documentation development in production automation conditions
Authors: Асекритова  , Asekritova Svetlana , Константинов  , Konstantinov A. 
Published: January 2014

The methodology related to constructing of integrated
automation system (IAS) of production activities, as well as
its main directions are considered in this paper. The analysis of
different methods and technologies for complex automation of the
enterprises on the basis of various software products is performing.
The paper is also devoted to problems of design and technological
training of specialists which manage the modern technologies in design area. Interstate standards establishing uniform requirements
for such computer design development as «Electronic Documents»,
«Electronic Model of Product» and «Electronic Structure of Product»
are considered in detail.
Gaspard Monge’s Descriptive Geometry Course
Authors: Сальков  , Sal'kov Nikolay 
Published: January 2014

The structure of course of lectures, proposed by Gaspard
Monge in the late 18th century, is considered in detail. Monge
foresees 120 lectures for descriptive geometry. The main course,
without shadows and perspective, is divided into 5 sections, each
of which is devoted to a certain themes. In the first section the
projections deriving is described, and two main goals are given.
Here we face with the notion of geometric locus, elements of differential
and projective geometries. The second section considers
the tangent planes and normals. These elements’ use in painting
and building are demonstrated. The third section has been devoted
to the theory related to construction of curved surfaces intersections.
The solution of tasks has been considered in the fourth section.
The fifth section has been devoted to the curved lines. Gaspard
Monge proposes the developed course of descriptive geometry not
as a set of interesting geometric tasks, but as a solution of specific
application tasks inherent to the industry, building, art, and military
science.
On the continuity of solutions to advection-diffusion equations
with slightly super-critical divergence-free drifts
Authors: Ignatova Mihaela 
Published: January 2014

Abstract.
We address the regularity of solutions to elliptic and parabolic equations of the form

-
Δ
u
+
b
·
∇
u
=
0

${- \Delta u+b\cdot \nabla u=0}$

and

u
t

-
Δ
u
+
b
·
∇
u
=
0

${u_t- \Delta u+b\cdot \nabla u=0}$

with divergence-free drifts b. We are particularly interested in the case when the drift velocity b is assumed to be at the supercritical regularity level with respect to the natural scaling of the equations. Using Harnack-type inequalities obtained in our previous works [`The Harnack inequality for second-order elliptic equations with divergence-free drift', Commun. Math. Sci., to appear] and
[`The Harnack inequality for second-order parabolic equations with
divergence-free drifts of low regularity', preprint (2013)], we prove the uniform continuity of solutions when the drift b lies in a slightly supercritical logarithmic Morrey spaces.
On nonlinear potential theory, and regular boundary
points, for the p-Laplacian in N space variables
Authors: Beirão da Veiga Hugo 
Published: January 2014

Abstract.
We turn back to some pioneering results
concerning, in particular, nonlinear potential theory and
non-homogeneous boundary value problems for the so-called
p-Laplace operator. Unfortunately these results, obtained at the
very beginning of the seventies, were kept in the shade. We believe
that our proofs are still of interest, in particular due to their
extreme simplicity. Moreover, some contributions seem to improve the
results quoted in the current literature.
Meta-analysis: diagnostic accuracy of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 antibody and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 3 antibody in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Zhang Wen-Chao , Wu Han , Chen Wei-Xian 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the diagnostic value of anti-CCP-3 and anti-CCP-2 for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and determine whether anti-CCP-3 more accurately identifies patients with rheumatoid arthritis than anti-CCP-2. PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for studies published in English and Chinese that examined the use of anti-CCP-3 and anti-CCP-2 in the diagnosis of known or suspected rheumatoid arthritis from January 2006 to July 2013. Seventeen included studies of methodological quality were rated by using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tools A random-effects method was used to summarize sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative likelihood ratio (LR+ and LR−, respectively), and diagnostic odds ratio from 17 studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, LR+, LR− and diagnostic odds ratio for anti-CCP-3 were 0.737 (95% CI, 0.717–0.757), 0.933 (95% CI, 0.924–0.942), 11.096 (95% CI, 8.876–13.870), 0.274 (95% CI, 0.231–0.326), and 42.908 (95% CI, 33.828–54.426), respectively. For anti-CCP-2, the values were 0.719 (95% CI, 0.699–0.739), 0.960 (95% CI, 0.953–0.966), 17.485 (95% CI, 11.960–25.562), 0.294 (95% CI, 0.258–0.335) and 63.458 (95% CI, 44.214–91.078), respectively. With high specificity and moderate sensitivity, anti-CCP-2 and anti-CCP-3 played an important role in confirming the diagnosis of RA. Anti-CCP-3 did not have better diagnostic performances than anti-CCP-2, but anti-CCP-2 had evident heterogeneity compared to anti-CCP-3, especially in American patients.
Stability of Petrov–Galerkin Discretizations: Application to the Space-Time Weak Formulation for Parabolic Evolution Problems
Authors: Mollet Christian 
Published: January 2014

Abstract.

This paper is concerned with the stability of Petrov–Galerkin discretizations with application
to parabolic evolution problems in space-time weak form.
We will prove that the discrete inf-sup condition for an a priori fixed Petrov–Galerkin discretization
is satisfied uniformly under standard approximation and smoothness
conditions without any further coupling between the discrete trial and test spaces
for sufficiently regular operators.
It turns out that one needs to choose different discretization levels for the trial and test spaces
in order to obtain a positive lower bound for the discrete inf-sup condition
which is independent of the discretization levels.
In particular, we state the required number of extra layers in order to guarantee uniform boundedness of the discrete inf-sup constants explicitly. This general result will be applied to
the space-time weak formulation of parabolic evolution problems as an important model example.
In this regard, we consider suitable hierarchical
families of discrete spaces.
The results apply, e.g., for finite element discretizations as well as for wavelet discretizations.
Due to the Riesz basis property, wavelet discretizations allow for optimal
preconditioning independently of the grid spacing.
Moreover, our predictions on the stability, especially in view of
the dependence on the refinement levels w.r.t. the test and trial
spaces, are underlined by numerical results.
Furthermore, it can be observed that choosing the same discretization levels
would, indeed, lead to stability problems.
Morphological, thermal, and structural aspects of dried and redispersed nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)
Authors: Žepič Vesna , Fabjan Erika Š. , Kasunič Marta , Korošec Romana C. , Hančič Aleš , Oven Primož , Perše Lidija S. , Poljanšek Ida 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The effects of various drying techniques, such as air, oven, freeze, and spray drying, on the morphological, thermal, and structural behaviors of two different nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) materials were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) observations indicated an interlaced network formation of predominantly in-plane fibrillar orientation for air- and oven-dried samples, while freeze and spray drying resulted in the formation of coarse and fine powder fractions. Comparison of redispersed powders obtained by freeze and spray drying indicated that aggregation phenomena are significantly reduced in freeze-dried specimens. Rheological and sedimentation analysis revealed that the freeze-dried NFC powders are more stable than spray-dried NFC powders when redispersed in water. Aggressive dehydration processes, such as freezing or heating, significantly influence the thermal stability of the dried cellulose samples. On the contrary, the crystallinity properties of dried NFC materials are very similar regardless of the drying treatment.
Finite element modeling and experimental validation of radio frequency heating (RFH) of curved laminated wood-based panels
Authors: Zhou Jianhui , Hu Chuanshuang , Ma Xiaoying , Guo Xingwei 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Thin medium-density fiberboards (MDF) are often used for the production of curved laminated furniture components by post-hot pressing with radiofrequency heating (RFH). Dimensional instability is one of the major quality problems of these products, and inappropriate heating process was discussed as the main reason for this. In the present study, a finite element model (FEM) was developed in this context, and the temperature distribution within laminated MDF panels was predicted aiming at optimizing the hot-pressing process with RFH. The time-dependent temperatures were collected by temperature sensing strips (TSS). The results agreed well with those obtained by the simulation model. Accordingly, the FEM developed here is well suited for predicting the heating behavior during hot pressing with RFH. The temperature distribution of the curved laminated MDF panels was not symmetric and not uniform because of curved shape effects and the heat convection between MDF panels and ambient air. The time-dependent temperatures of the top and bottom layers were lower than that of the core layer.