bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fertilizer dependency: a new indicator for assessing the sustainability of agrosystems beyond nitrogen use efficiency
Authors: Quemada Miguel , Lassaletta Luis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCropping systems depend on external nitrogen (N) to produce food. However, we lack metrics to account for society’s fertilizer dependency, although excessive increases in N application damage human and environmental health. The objective of this study is to propose a novel indicator, N fertilizer dependency, calculated as the ratio between human-controllable external inputs and total N inputs. Nitrogen fertilizer dependency has a solid mathematical base being derived from closing the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) equation. This study also tests the value of the N fertilizer dependency concept at the cropping system (plant-soil) scale and at different spatial scales, from field to country, as a complementary indicator to promote sustainable production. The field experiments conducted with grain cereals as a main crop showed that when replacing the barley precedent crop with a legume, N fertilizer dependency accounted for soil legacy and was reduced by 15% in fertilized treatments. In a farm population, N fertilizer dependency ranged from 47 to 95% and accounted for the relevance of biological fixation and irrigation water N inputs, adding pertinent information to performance indicators (i.e., NUE). At the country scale, N fertilizer dependency showed different temporal patterns, depending mainly on the relevance of biological atmospheric N fixation. Nitrogen fertilizer dependency of global cropping systems has risen to ≈83% in the last five decades, even though the N exchange among regions has increased. Nitrogen fertilizer dependency has great potential to monitor the achievements of efforts aiming to boost system autonomy, and within similar agricultural systems, it can be used to identify practices that lead to a reduction of fertilizer needs. In summary, N fertilizer dependency is a new indicator to evaluate the agroenvironmental sustainability of cropping systems across the scales and provides a complementary dimension to the traditional indicators such as NUE, N output, and N surplus.
Cold Region River Flood Mapping and Scour Potential Prediction: Insights from Hydraulic Model Using Advanced Autonomous Surface Vehicles
Authors: Atashi Vida , Lim Yeo Howe , Mahmood Taufiq H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to map the 2022 flood with a 16.5-year return period near a bridge on the Red River, close to Grafton City, North Dakota, and evaluate the scour potential around the bridge. The Red River Basin (RRB) near Grand Forks, ND, and Emerson, ND, is a cold region river vulnerable to floods. Local scouring around bridge piers during floods can lead to hydraulic structure failure. An Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) equipped with LiDAR DEM data from the ND DWR’s LiDAR dataset was used to collect comprehensive bathymetry and discharge data, including the 2022 flood. The HEC-RAS model was used to create flood maps, and the Colorado State University (CSU) methodology was employed to assess local scour around the bridge pier. The study area recorded maximum velocities of 1.71 m/s, 1.87 m/s, and 1.56 m/s for discharge values of 368 m3/s, 784 m3/s, and 1335 m3/s, respectively, with higher velocities recorded upstream of the bridge. The maximum water depth reached 13.14 m during the peak discharge of 1335 m3/s. Higher discharge resulted in increased Froude number and contraction scour depth, with the latter continuing to increase even when the Froude number decreased as water reached the bridge deck. The study highlights the effectiveness of integrating ASVs, bathymetry, and LiDAR data to comprehensively understand flood dynamics and bridge scour in cold region rivers, offering the way for the development of effective flood control measures and strategies to safeguard critical infrastructure.
Firm-specific attributes and capital gains overhang
Authors: Helmi Mohamad Husam , Ahmed Mohamed Shaker 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the key factors driving the capital gains overhang (hereafter CGO) in the US stock market. We used a sample of 3865 non-financial US companies with 331,023 observations from January 2001 through December 2020. The data is analyzed using a panel regression model. It contributes to the literature by using a new set of firm characteristics, namely, liquidity proxied by turnover, company beta, leverage, EPS, cash flow to price, market to book ratio, and size. This research is interesting as it provides an alternative to the behavioral finance point of view that serves only limited stylized facts. We find that CGO is increasing in some firm attributes, namely earnings per share, leverage, growth, and size, and decreasing in others, namely turnover, beta, and cash flow to price. Our results are robust to cross-sectional regression that checks the stability of estimates over time and to subsample analyses. Finally, our results remain the same even after accounting for endogeneity.
Soft Tissue Sarcomas at Atypical Locations in Gynecologic Oncology: A Series of 3 Cases
Authors: Vineet Kumar , Rai Shweta , Chowdhury Zachariah , Kumar Ravinder , Shinghal Abhishek 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The most frequent primary site of sarcomas in gynecologic oncology is uterus (83%) followed by ovary (8%), vulva and vagina (5%). We present three cases of sarcomas at atypical locations.

Method
Records of cases were retrieved from electronic medical records, and telephonic follow-up was done to know their current status.

Result
Case 1: A 26-year-old parous lady presented with complaint of recurrent vulvar mass. Biopsy at our institute revealed myxoid liposarcoma. Metastatic workup was negative. She underwent radical local excision with VY-plasty and bilateral ovarian transposition (BOT) followed by concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. She is disease free at 12 months. Case 2: A 29-year-old lady presented with large bleeding mass arising from right wall of vagina. Histopathology report of vaginal biopsy was high-grade leiomyosarcoma. MRI pelvis with thorax and abdomen scan, examination under anesthesia and cystoscopy revealed non-metastatic operable disease. She underwent radical hysterectomy with vaginectomy with BOT followed by pelvic radiotherapy. At 4-month follow-up, she presented with scalp lesion. Further workup revealed disseminated metastatic disease. She is on palliative chemotherapy at the time of submission or article. Case 3: A 54-year-old lady underwent evaluation for pain abdomen with contrast-enhanced computed tomography which revealed a large omental mass. She had past history of carcinoma cervix 6 years back treated outside with surgery and chemo-radiotherapy. Image-guided biopsy was reported as leiomyosarcoma. Metastatic workup showed no disease elsewhere. She underwent omental mass excision followed by chemotherapy. She is disease free at 13 months.

Conclusion
Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment in non-metastatic sarcomas. Long-term follow-up of patients is needed in view of their atypical presentation.
EnhancedNet, an End-to-End Network for Dense Disparity Estimation and its Application to Aerial Images
Authors: Kang Junhua , Chen Lin , Heipke Christian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent developments in deep learning technology have boosted the performance of dense stereo reconstruction. However, the state-of-the-art deep learning-based stereo matching methods are mainly trained using close-range synthetic images. Consequently, the application of these methods in aerial photogrammetry and remote sensing is currently far from straightforward. In this paper, we propose a new disparity estimation network for stereo matching and investigate its generalization abilities in regard to aerial images. First, we propose an end-to-end deep learning network for stereo matching, regularized by disparity gradients, which includes a residual cost volume and a reconstruction error volume in a refinement module, and multiple losses. In order to investigate the influence of the multiple losses, a comprehensive analysis is presented. Second, based on this network trained with synthetic close-range data, we propose a new pipeline for matching high-resolution aerial imagery. The experimental results show that the proposed network improves the disparity accuracy by up to 40% in terms of errors larger than 1 px compared to results when not including the refinement network, especially in areas containing detailed small objects. In addition, in qualitative and quantitative experiments, we are able to show that our model, pre-trained on a synthetic stereo dataset, achieves very competitive sub-pixel geometric accuracy on aerial images. These results confirm that the domain gap between synthetic close-range and real aerial images can be satisfactorily bridged using the proposed new deep learning method for dense image matching.
Online Psychometric Performance of the Athens Insomnia Scale among Colombian People
Authors: Campo-Arias Adalberto , Caballero-Domínguez Carmen Cecilia , Pedrozo-Pupo John Carlos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) has shown acceptable performance in face-to-face applications. However, knowledge about AIS performance in online applications could be improved.

Objective
The study aimed to perform confirmatory factor, internal consistency, and differential item functioning analyses of AIS in two Colombian online samples.

Material and methods
Two samples were recruited online at different times (n = 700, M = 37.05, SD = 12.7 and n = 292, M = 60.4, SD = 17.6). Separated confirmatory factor analyses and Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega were computed for each factor.

Results
The data adjusted better for the AIS two-dimensional model in the general and clinical populations. Excellent internal consistency was observed among the general population sample and clinical sample.

Conclusions
The AIS shows a two-dimensional structure and high internal consistency in two online samples in Colombia. Corroboration of these findings in other samples is necessary.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of multi-phase TiAl alloy matrix composites consolidated via field-assisted sintering technique
Authors: Rominiyi Azeez Lawan , Mashinini Peter Madindwa , Masina Bathusile Nelisiwe , Shongwe Mxolisi Brendon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, fully densified Si3N4/TiAl composites were fabricated using the field-assisted sintering technique (FAST). Microstructural analysis showed the evolution of a continuous network structure consisting of minor fractions of in-situ formed Ti2AlN, unreacted Si3N4 ceramic particles and dominant Ti5Si3 intermetallic phases within the TiAl matrix at Si3N4 content above 1.5 wt%. The hardness of the developed composites increases with increasing Si3N4 content, with 7Si3N4/TiAl composite exhibiting the highest hardness of approximately 487 HV1.0, which was about 57% higher than that of the sintered pure TiAl alloy. Among the sintered samples, 1.5Si3N4/TiAl composite displayed the highest flexural strength of 832.65 ± 12.88 MPa (34.3% higher than pure TiAl matrix) with a deflection of 0.14 mm. In contrast, the lowest flexural strength and deflection of 535.44 ± 21.14 MPa and 0.09 mm were obtained in composite reinforced with 7 wt% Si3N4 ceramic content. The fractured surface of the sintered samples displayed predominantly cleavage fracture mode.
Teaching the polycrisis: Assessing the effect of pluralist education in Italian economics programs
Authors: Ciccotosto Michela , Sokolenko Oleksandra , Proctor J.Christopher 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a survey of economics students in Italy. The survey was motivated by a review of the curriculum of Italian economics programs and was designed to assess the links between how pluralist students claimed their economics education was, and their assessment of how adequately various topics were taught, how well they thought their education contributed to the development of a number of skills, and their overall satisfaction with their degree program. The results of our survey were then analyzed using an ordered logit model which found large and significant links between pluralism and student satisfaction, reported topical coverage and the formation of some skills. No statistically negative correlations between pluralism and any skill or topics were found. A categorization of the results of an open-ended question from the survey asking students what they would change about their education “if they had a magic wand” is also presented. The results of the study point to increasing pluralism as an intriguing option for departments looking to attract and retain students and as a useful tool for training economists who are prepared to face current and future global economic challenges as represented in the concept of the polycrisis.
Assessing the carbonation potential of wood ash for CO2 sequestration
Authors: Viola Veronica , Catauro Michelina , D’Amore Alberto , Perumal Priyadharshini 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWood ash, a byproduct of wood combustion, poses environmental challenges when disposed of in landfills. This study explores a sustainable alternative by investigating the carbonation of wood ash, a process converting CO2 into stable carbonate minerals. With increasing concerns about waste management, this research aims to identify optimal carbonation conditions by varying relative humidity, liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), and temperature. Results demonstrate that the ideal conditions for wood ash carbonation involve a moderate relative humidity of 55%, room temperature at 25 °C, and a lower L/S ratio. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates that extended curing times increase CaCO3 formation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirm the presence of carbonate phases. Mechanical strength tests reveal that samples with lower porosity and higher carbonation products exhibit superior strength. This study contributes to the understanding of wood ash carbonation but also emphasizes its potential practical applications in construction materials as light aggregates in cement concrete. The research explores the implications for sustainable waste management, offering insights into environmentally and economically viable solutions for wood ash recycling.
Theory building and technical innovations for spatial planning of China's metropolitan areas: insights from planning of Greater Shanghai Metropolitan Area
Authors: Xiong Jian , Sun Juan , Tu Qiyu , Yan Liting 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBased on limited theoretical applicability of metropolitan area concept under China’s circumstances and the planning practice in Greater Shanghai Metropolitan Area, this article proposes a Chinese understanding on the concept of “Metropolitan Area”, which extends its core connotation from a commuting area to a multi-functional area. It further proposes to utilize the preparation of spatial plans as means to promote high-quality development of metropolitan areas and to achieve coordinated regional development. Metropolitan area planning takes spatial planning as its basic attribute, and simultaneously embodies the contents of economic and social arrangements. It could become a binding contract based on consensus among member cities. In terms of technical innovations in planning practice, this article firstly suggests using a “problem-based, goal-targeted, action-driven, space-oriented and implementation-guided” approach to form a framework of “objective (indicator)-strategy-action-mechanism” to realize collaborative goals. Secondly, the spatial plan should focus on “bottom line factors” as well as “collaborative factors”, establishing a technical framework for regional spatial organization from multiple dimensions such as ecological pattern, city function, spatial structure, and conduction mechanism which drive transformations in regional governance modes.
Evaluation of FVIII pharmacokinetic profiles in Korean hemophilia A patients assessed with myPKFiT: a retrospective chart review
Authors: Park Young-Shil , Yoo Ki-Young , Park Sang Kyu , Hwang Taiju , Jung Aeran , Choi Eun Jin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of factor VIII (FVIII) in Korean patients, as limited information is available on the PK of FVIII in this population.

Methods
We collected the FVIII PK results from patients with moderate-to-severe hemophilia A using myPKFiT. PK variations were assessed according to age, blood type, inhibitor history, von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) level, and body mass index. Additionally, the correlation between the PK profile and prophylaxis regimen was specifically analyzed for each product in severe cases.

Results
The PK data of 48 and 81 patients treated with octocog alfa and rurioctocog alfa pegol, respectively, were obtained. The median half-lives of octocog alfa and rurioctocog alfa pegol were 9.9 (range: 6.3–15.2) h and 15.3 (range: 10.4–23.9) h, respectively. The PK profiles for each product did not differ according to age group; however, blood type-O patients had shorter half-lives and time to 1% compared to non-blood type-O patients. In regression analysis, the PK of octocog alfa showed a statistically significant difference according to age, whereas the PK of rurioctocog alfa pegol correlated with vWF:Ag. Only the frequency of rurioctocog alfa pegol use showed a statistically significant difference in relation to time to 1%, although the coefficient of determination was small.

Conclusion
This study confirmed significant interpatient variation in the PK of FVIII among Korean patients with hemophilia A. To achieve optimized prophylaxis, personalizing the regimen based on the PK profile of each individual patient is essential.
BLADDER score: evaluating a tool to support urinary diagnostic and antibiotic stewardship in hospitalized adults
Authors: Langford Bradley J. , Amoah Stephanie , Hansen Jennifer , Hudd Lorraine , Almohri Huda , Wright Janice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjective:Antibiotic overuse for asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in older adults and can lead to harmful outcomes including antimicrobial resistance. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of a simple scoring tool on urine culturing and antibiotic prescribing for adults with presumed urinary tract infections (UTI).Design:Quasi-experimental study using interrupted time series with segmented regression to evaluate urine culturing and urinary antibiotic use and length of stay (LOS), acute care transfers, and mortality 18 months before and 16 months after the intervention.Setting:134-bed complex continuing care and rehabilitation hospital in Ontario, Canada.Participants:Nurses, nurse practitioners, physicians, and other healthcare professionals.Intervention:A multifaceted intervention focusing on a 6-item mnemonic scoring tool called the BLADDER score was developed based on existing minimum criteria for prescribing antibiotics in patients with presumed UTI. The BLADDER score was combined with ward- and prescriber-level feedback and education.Results:Before the intervention, the mean rate of urine culturing was 12.47 cultures per 1,000 patient days; after the intervention, the rate was 7.92 cultures per 1,000 patient days (IRR 0.87; 95% CI, 0.67–1.12). Urinary antibiotic use declined after the intervention from a mean of 40.55 DDD per 1,000 patient days before and 25.96 DDD per 1,000 patient days after the intervention (IRR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59–0.79). There was no change in mean patient LOS, acute care transfers, or mortality.Conclusions:The BLADDER score may be a safe and effective tool to support improved diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship to reduce unnecessary treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Latin America’s Polarization in Comparative Perspective
Authors: McCoy Jennifer 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPolitical polarization is a systemic-level and multifaceted process that severs cross-cutting ties and shifts perceptions of politics to a zero-sum game. When it turns pernicious, political actors and supporters view opponents as an existential threat and the capacity of democratic institutions to process political conflict breaks down. The article identifies four common fault lines of polarization globally – who belongs, democracy, inequality and social contract. It argues that while Latin American countries experience, to varying degrees, all four of the fault lines, it is the deep-seated, persistent social hierarchies oriented around class, race, and place that stand out relative to other countries. Reaching consensus on reforms that may renew or reformulate agreements on the terms of the social contract, boundaries of community membership, and redressing social inequality is a tall task. Yet the region’s sustained consensus on the democratic rules of the game can provide the mechanisms for addressing this task if new majority coalitions can be formed.
‘I AM A TEXTURAL COMPOSER’: JANE STANLEY ON THE CREATIVE PROCESS, IMMERSIVE TEXTURES, GLOW AND A NEW SONG CYCLE
Authors: Stanley Jane , Bishop Judith 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis is the transcript of an interview with Glasgow-based Australian composer Dr Jane Stanley. The interviewer is Dr Judith Bishop, an Australian poet and lyricist whose words appear in two of the works discussed: ‘14 Weeks’ (from Interval (UQP, 2018) and ‘The Indifferent’ (from Event (Salt Publishing UK, 2007)). The interview was recorded at the University of Glasgow on 29 May 2023 and edited for clarity, length and concision. It was recorded a day after the world premiere of Jane Stanley's 14 Weeks at the Glasgow School of Art Choir Composeher concert in City Halls, Glasgow. In response to a recent survey which revealed huge gender inequalities in the granting of music commissions, Composeher had commissioned seven female composers to write choral works of around ten minutes, of which 14 Weeks was one. The interview ranges widely, from the composer's textural style to her creative process, and touches on her forthcoming composer portrait album, to be released by Delphian Records in 2024.
TRANSFORMING PRACTICE WITH DIGITAL SCORES: DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES IN A TRANSCONTINENTAL RESIDENCY
Authors: Robertson Jaslyn , Moroz Solomiya , Hope Cat , Vear Craig , Sanadzadeh Iran , Svoboda Helen , Sobek Chloë 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article examines how practice-based researchers in a transcontinental intensive residency transformed their practice and developed their skills through composing digital scores. Four researchers from an Australian university undertook an intensive residency in Hamburg, focused on creating and performing new digital scores. An analytical study of this residency was conducted, centred around each researcher's connection to the materials, experiences of flow, changes in digital musicianship and transformations. The study revealed both challenges and illuminating experiences for the researchers. Each composition went through significant changes during, before and after the transcontinental project, resulting in changes to the digital scores, directions for interpretation and the researchers’ established artistic practices. Exposure to new environments and facilities allowed them to develop fresh approaches to collaboration and technology. Engaging with digital scores led to new skills being developed and new collaborative projects with each other and international musicians. The intensive and transcontinental nature of the project resulted in significant developments to the skills and approaches of the four researchers.