bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosthodontic and Periodontal Status and Needs in a Selected Population of Urban Poor in the Philippines: A Pilot Study
Authors: Torresyap Maria 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To determine the prosthodontic and periodontal status and needs in a group of adults from a poor urban community in the Philippines

Materials and methods
A sample consisting of 401 poor urban adults in a district in the Philippines was assessed using the WHO oral health assessment form. The examinations were conducted in natural light with a mouth mirror, community periodontal index (CPI) probe and an explorer with the subject seated in a regular chair. The following prosthodontics/malocclusion traits were assessed; presence or absence of fixed and or removable appliances, treatment needs, presence of spacing, crowding in the incisal segments, overjet, open bite and posterior cross bite. The periodontal condition was assessed by means of the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) in relation to selected index teeth: The statistical analysis was carried out using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) (version 21.0). One-way ANOVA was used to compare the means and chi-square and Fisher's exact test was used to compare the proportions. The significance level was set at α = 0.05.

Results
The majority of adult Filipinos had either calculus (84.8%) or shallow probing depths (11%). Only 1.7% had probing depths equal to or greater than 6 mm. Forty four (10.9%) subjects were wearing complete dentures in the maxilla and mandible and 11.7% had removable partial dentures in the maxilla while only 1.2% was wearing partials in the mandible. There was no statistically significant difference between the genders with regard to prosthetic status. Overall, 70.3 and 88.5% required prosthesis in the maxilla and mandible respectively. However, more subjects needed full prosthesis in the maxilla (25.9%) compared to mandible (16.5%).

Conclusion
The majority of the sampled Filipino adults had significant unmet periodontal (high calculus rates and gingivitis) and prosthodontics needs.

How to cite this article
Torresyap V, Hoover J, Torresyap M, Karunanayake C. Prosthodontic and Periodontal Status and Needs in a Selected Population of Urban Poor in the Philippines: A Pilot Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(4):136-142.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Patient with Ocular Defect using Acrylic Stock Eyes
Authors: Philip Jacob Mathew , Venkatakrishnan CJ , Jain Ashish R , Pradeep R , Narasimman M 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
The science and art employed in the profession of dentistry can play an important role in the fabrication of an orbital prosthesis. Anophthalmia (the loss of an eye) not only impairs patient's vision but also create a noticeable deformity on facial appearance and esthetics. The condition is a psychological distress for the patient interrupting his routine work. A prosthodontist as an integral member of the craniofacial rehabilitation team can help raise the spirits and ease the mind of the affected. Mutilation of a portion of a face can cause a heavy impact on the self image and personality of an individual. Acceptable cosmetic results usually can be obtained with a orbital prosthesis. This paper describes prosthetic rehabilitation of a 30-year-old female patient having a left and right ocular defect. A technique to modify stock eye with heat polymerizing polymethyl methacrylate is illustrated. The resultant prosthesis was structurally durable and esthetically acceptable with satisfactory retention. The importance of meticulous treatment planning to tackle the challenges faced in fabricating an ocular prosthesis is explained with the relevant literature.

How to cite this article
Venkatakrishnan CJ, Jain AR, Pradeep R, Philip JM, Narasimman M. Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Patient with Ocular Defect using Acrylic Stock Eyes. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(4):143-147.
Rejuvenating the Ovate Pontic
Authors: Quazi Mohsin Atibuddin , Gade Jaykumar , Lahoti Krishnakumar , Gade Vandana 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
The restoration of esthetics along with maintenance of healthy gingival tissues is of utmost importance when treating the maxillary anterior region. The resorption of the residual ridge or the irregularities in soft tissue often results in an unfavorable relationship with the pontic, compromising the final esthetic outcome. Various techniques have been developed to overcome this problem, among which tissue conditioning with controlled pressure proves out to be a boon as it is noninvasive. This article presents a case of a 27-year-old male with a missing central incisor with irregular soft tissue contour. A modified ovate pontic was used and the soft tissue was conditioned with a provisional restoration followed by a specialized impression technique aiming to record the conditioned tissue without any displacement. Esthetic emergence profile was achieved in final prosthesis without any adverse consequences on a long-term follow-up.

How to cite this article
Quazi MA, Gade J, Lahoti K, Gade V. Rejuvenating the Ovate Pontic. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(4):148-152.
Overview of Zirconia: Application as Denture Base Material Substituting for Metal
Authors: Sakurai Kaoru , Takano Tomofumi 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
Zirconia has recently been clinically applied as an ideal tooth color material which acquires superior mechanical properties with high stability without water absorption and dissolution with the progression of the CAD/CAM technique. Dental prosthetic materials have recently evolved to those for metal-free restoration because of the strength, esthetics and environmental protection concerning rare metals. In addition, the increase in demands for metal-free restoration is not limited to fixed prosthesis and dental implants, and it is also directed to application for removable prosthesis. The load-bearing ability of zirconia has been shown to be comparable to that of Co-Cr alloy. Ce-TZP/Al2O3 nanocomposite (NANOZR) with strength, toughness, and thermal stability comparable or superior to those of previously used yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP) has been clinically applied, suggesting its applicability as a denture base material substituting for metal.

How to cite this article
Takano T, Sakurai K. Overview of Zirconia: Application as Denture Base Material Substituting for Metal. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(4):153-156.
Bilateral Atraumatic Compartment Syndrome of the Legs Leading to Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure Following Prolonged Kneeling in a Heroin Addict. A Case Report and Review of Relevant Literature
Authors: Biswas Saptarshi , Rao Ramya S , Duckworth April , Kothuru Ravi , Flores Lucio , Abrol Sunil 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionCompartment syndrome is defined as a symptom complex caused by increased pressure of tissue fluid in a closed osseofascial compartment which interferes with circulation to the myoneural components of the compartment. Bilateral compartment syndrome of the legs is a rare presentation requiring emergent surgical intervention. In a recent case report (Khan et al 2012) there have been only eight reported cases cited with bilateral compartment syndrome.Heroin abuse is known to cause compartment syndrome, traumatic and atraumatic rhabdomyolysis. Hypothyroidism can also independently present with rhabdomyolysis.Case presentationWe present a case of a 22 years old female who presented with bilateral swelling of the legs with associated loss of sensation having spent two days kneeling against the wall following IV heroin abuse. She presented to the emergency department with bilateral swelling of the legs with loss of sensation. She was diagnosed with compartment syndrome requiring emergent bilateral 4 compartment fasciotomy of the lower extremities. Inspite of aggressive fluid resuscitation she developed rhabdomyolysis complicated by acute renal failure requiring dialysis. She made a full recovery with full return of her renal as well as motor and sensory function.ConclusionWe discuss this interesting case of bilateral compartment syndrome in a heroin abusive patient with history of hypothyroidism complicated by rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. There have been isolated case reports of bilateral compartment syndrome following prolonged surgery. High index of suspicion, early recognition and therapeutic intervention is the key to good outcome. We discuss the etiopathology and management options of rhabdomyolysis. Treating the comorbities like hypothyroidism is also important for the recovery.How to cite this articleBiswas S, Rao RS, Duckworth A, Kothuru R, Flores L, Abrol S. Bilateral Atraumatic Compartment Syndrome of the Legs Leading to Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure Following Prolonged Kneeling in a Heroin Addict. A Case Report and Review of Relevant Literature. J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2013;2(3):139-145.
Social Networks and Macroeconomic Stability
Authors: Chen Shu-Heng , Chang Chia-Ling , Wen Ming-Chang 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of the social network on macroeconomic stability is examined using an agent-based, network-based DSGE (dynamic stochastic general equilibrium) model. While the authors’ primitive (first-stage) examination has the network generation mechanism as its main focus, their more in-depth second-stage analysis is based on a few main characteristics of network topologies, such as the degree, clustering coefficient, length, and centrality. Based on their econometric analysis of the simulation results, the authors find that the betweenness centrality contributes to the GDP instability and average path length contributes to the inflation instability. These results are robust under two augmentations, one taking into account nonlinearity and one taking into account the shape of the degree distribution as an additional characteristic. Through these augmentations, the authors find that the effect of network topologies on economic stability can be more intriguing than their baseline model may suggest: in addition to the existence of non-linear or combined effects of network characteristics, the shape of the degree distribution is also found to be significant.
Rethinking Consumer Protection Policy in Financial Markets
Authors: Haim Liran 
Published: March 2014

Financial products for consumers usually are characterized by complexity and incomprehensibility. Consumers typically find themselves defeated when attempting to control their financial destiny by understanding these products. This Article explores the economic and social factors that lead to this reality, analyzes its highly negative private and social ramifications and proposes an appropriate policy response. I argue that the current market structure creates a reality in which financial institutions are motivated to produce complex financial products for consumers in order to maximize their profits. This market structure, combined with inadequate policy, induces inefficiency by allocating the comprehension costs of financial products to the consumer. My thesis is that a fundamental change in risk allocation policy will steer the market toward consumer comprehension of financial products and, therefore, will reduce private and social costs, increase consumer trust in financial institutions and promote social cohesion. I propose a new default liability rule under which financial institutions would be required to introduce internal procedures and mechanisms to ensure product comprehension among all of their consumers. To encourage maximum compliance with my proposal, I suggest implementing a reputation-based incentives method that would require every financial institution branch to publicly post a service quality ranking assigned by the regulator. I also support a trust-oriented licensing policy that would encourage the inclusion of new trustworthy financial institutions in the market and offer the implementation of a new regime for supervising financial product contract terms.
THOSE WHO KNOW, THOSE WHO DON'T, AND THOSE WHO KNOW BETTER: BALANCING COMPLEXITY, SOPHISTICATION, AND ACCURACY ON TAX RETURNS
Authors: Drumbl Michelle Lyon 
Published: March 2014

Refundable credits, particularly the earned income tax credit (EITC) and the child tax credit, serve an important anti-poverty measure for low-income taxpayers. Annually, millions of taxpayers who do not owe any federal income tax must file a tax return in order to claim these credits that are in the nature of social benefits. The eligibility requirements for refundable credits are complex, and these returns are particularly prone to audit: EITC audits comprise one-third of all individual income tax audits. Because of the large dollar amounts at stake, a taxpayer’s mistaken understanding of the eligibility requirements for these refundable credits can often result in a deficiency of several thousand dollars. Though studies indicate that taxpayer error is more commonly inadvertent than intentional, the section 6662 20% accuracy-related penalty applies once the deficiency reaches a statutory “understatement” threshold; it is imposed computationally and without regard to the taxpayer’s intent. By statute, taxpayers have the right to contest the accuracy-related penalty by demonstrating that there was reasonable cause for the underlying error and the taxpayer acted in good faith. Treasury regulations provide that such a circumstance might include “an honest misunderstanding of fact or law that is reasonable in light of all the facts and circumstances, including the experience, knowledge, and education of the taxpayer”. Yet for all of these reasons – lack of experience, lack of knowledge, and relative lack of education – the taxpayer is unlikely to have the knowledge or resources to raise the very defense that is meant to protect an unsophisticated taxpayer. Drawing comparisons between refundable tax credits and social programs administered by other agencies, this article calls upon the IRS to better differentiate between inadvertent error (“those who don’t know”) and intentional or fraudulent error (“those who know better”). The article argues that the current accuracy-related penalty approach is unduly punitive. It concludes by proposing solutions that the IRS might consider in light of Congress’s desire for the Service to administer these social benefits through the Internal Revenue Code.
Dialectics of Travel:
Authors: Perelis Ronnie 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
The Relación of Antonio de Montezinos (1644) recounts one of the few direct encounters between a Jew and the New World during the formative period of European expansion and colonization of the Americas. Montezinos's narrative of his encounter with the lost tribe of Reuben in the Northern Andes is of obvious relevance to the history of early modern messianisms as well as the proto-anthropological question of the origin of the Native Americans. However, in this essay I look at the Relación as a uniquely Jewish American narrative of spiritual transformation; Montezinos's experience in the Americas inspires a radical reassessment of his life and religious commitments. This transformation is fueled by the journeys he embarks upon and the texts—both oral and written—which he encounters along the way; both text and travel dialectically inform his process of self-discovery. By focusing on this one angle we can see how Montezinos's Relación participates in the wider discourse of the European encounter with the Americas, and how, at the same time, it is integral to Jewish literature, to the writings of individual Jews as they attempt to make sense of the New World.
Poetics of the Apocalypse:
Authors: Leibman Laura Arnold 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
The early Jewish American apocalyptic verse of Isaac Aboab da Fonseca, Miguel de Barrios, and Daniel Israel Lopez Laguna provides an important starting point for the history of Jewish American poetry. By beginning Jewish American literature with these poets, I aim to accomplish three important goals: (1) to more accurately reflect Jewish American literature's diversity; (2) to denaturalize the concept of America; and (3) to remind readers that literary history need not be teleological, even when the poets themselves dreamt of a final telos—the messiah. After summarizing the main tenets of early Jewish American messianism, I show how this messianism impacted Aboab's, de Barrios's, and Laguna's content, genre, and style. Messianism, I argue, affects the poets' desire to write from and of America and their understanding of poetry's goal. Messianism provided a means by which each poet made sense of temporal and spatial ruptures and placed those ruptures in the larger narrative of Jewish (American) history. Throughout my explication of each of these poets' works, I highlight their relationship to later Jewish American literary history by taking note of the unintentional echoes between early and later Jewish American poets. I draw out these parallels in order to argue for a new understanding of literary history that is just as interested in drift, variation, and fragmentation as it is interested in expectancy, reinforcement, and cohesion. Correlation, not causation, is the narrative thread of this new literary history.
“The Seventh Angel Woke Me”:
Authors: Levinson Julian 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
This article explores the development of a “prophetic” poetic mode in the writings of self-proclaimed Jewish poet Adah Isaacs Menken (1835–1868). Although Menken laid claim to a Jewish identity, it now appears all but certain that she was neither born Jewish nor underwent any sort of formal conversion. Nevertheless, her self-positioning is highly instructive, since it reveals how the symbolic meanings associated with Jewishness in nineteenth-century America could be pressed into the service of an experimental and culturally subversive literary project. I argue that Menken's “prophetic” or “Israelite” texts of the 1860s drew upon and mediated between two broader cultural trends: the resurgent apocalyptic strain in antebellum American Protestantism and the post-denominational naturalism and experimental poetics of Walt Whitman. Her idiosyncratic engagements with these trends enabled her to break free of the codes of literary sentimentalism that shaped her early poems and delimited her cultural role as a woman in American culture.
Prognostic Factors for Gastrectomy in Elderly Patients
Authors: Endo Shunji , Yoshikawa Yukinobu , Hatanaka Nobutaka , Dousei Tsutomu , Yamada Terumasa , Nishijima Junichi , Kamiike Wataru 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The decision to undergo surgery for gastric cancer patients aged ≥85 years should be made carefully. We retrospectively reviewed the prognostic factors of gastrectomy for 64 patients aged ≥85 years who had undergone curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The effects of various clinical characteristics and surgical interventions on survival were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis revealed that sex (male/female; P = 0.001), the extent of gastric resection (total/distal; P = 0.028), the extent of lymph node dissection (D2/&lt;D2; P = 0.019), and blood loss (P = 0.005) were significant prognostic factors for overall survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that sex was the only independent prognostic factor. For pneumonia-specific survival, sex was also the only prognostic factor by multivariate analysis.Prognoses of males aged ≥85 years after gastrectomy were significantly worse than those of females, as they were more likely to die of pneumonia.
A Case of Very Well-Differentiated Adenocarcinoma With Carcinoid Tumor in the Ascending Colon
Authors: Yamauchi Hayato , Sakurai Shinji , Tsukagoshi Ritsuko , Suzuki Masaki , Tabe Yuichi , Fukasawa Takaharu , Kiriyama Shinsuke , Fukuchi Minoru , Naitoh Hiroshi , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Malignant tumors with mixed glandular and neuroendocrine characteristics with at least 30% of each component are classified as mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) by the World Health Organization 2010 classification. We report here a case of very well-differentiated adenocarcinoma accompanied by carcinoid tumor, categorized as MANEC. A 41-year-old Japanese man was clinically diagnosed with ascending colon cancer and underwent right hemicolectomy. Using an immunohistologic technique, the pathologic diagnosis was very well-differentiated adenocarcinoma accompanied by carcinoid tumor and marked eosinophil infiltration, which was categorized as MANEC. By immunohistochemical analysis, tumor cells of the carcinoid component exhibited very low proliferation activity. Our case was thought to be MANEC without high malignant potential. MANEC as per the World Health Organization 2010 classification seems to include tumors with diverse grades of malignancy, and it might need to have subclassifications according to the malignancy potential of the tumor cells.
Analysis of Potential Oral Cleft Risk Factors in the Kosovo Population
Authors: Salihu Sami , Krasniqi Blerim , Sejfija Osman , Heta Nijazi , Salihaj Nderim , Geci Agreta , Sejdini Milaim , Arifi Hysni , Isufi Ramazan , Ueeck Brett A. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the association of potential risk factors such as positive family cleft history, smoking, use of drugs during pregnancy, and parental age with oral clefts in offspring within the Kosovo population. We conducted a population-based case-control study of live births in Kosovo from 1996 to 2005. Using a logistic regression model, 244 oral cleft cases were compared with 488 controls. We have excluded all syndromic clefts. Heredity increases the risk of clefts in newborns [odds ratio (OR) = 8.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.12–23.52]. Clefts were also associated with smoking (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 0.75–4.08), use of drugs during pregnancy (OR = 2.25, 95% CI 0.82–5.12), increasing maternal age (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.42–2.49), and increasing paternal age (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.2– 1.4). We found heredity to be the most important factor for cleft occurrence in Kosovar newborns. Another significant potential risk factor for occurrence of clefts is the parental age. We found the use of drugs and smoking during pregnancy to be less significant.
A Comparison of Outcomes and Complications of Totally Implantable Access Port Through the Internal Jugular Vein Versus the Subclavian Vein
Authors: Nagasawa Yoshinobu , Shimizu Tomoharu , Sonoda Hiromichi , Mekata Eiji , Wakabayashi Masato , Ohta Hiroyuki , Murata Satoshi , Mori Tsuyoshi , Naka Shigeyuki , Tani Tohru 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Totally implantable access ports (TIAPs) are generally used in oncology. Few studies have addressed complications associated with the insertion site. A total of 233 consecutive oncology patients were enrolled to receive TIAP inserts via internal jugular vein (IJV) or subclavian vein (SV). Data on clinicopathologic parameters and early/late complications were retrospectively collected. No differences were found early and late complication rates. Catheter injury was observed more frequently in the IJV group (2.9%) than in the SV group (1.0%) without statistical significance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, switch to palliative use of TIAP, and the distribution of diseases (low risk in patients with colorectal cancer) were independent risk factors for determining complications. In conclusion, TIAP insertion site showed no impact on the early and late complication rates. Catheter injury appears to occur at the same frequency with both approaches. Therefore, medical doctors may choose their preferred puncture site when performing TIAP insertion.