bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Herpesvirus 8 Viral Interleukin-6 Signaling through gp130 Promotes Virus Replication in Primary Effusion Lymphoma and Endothelial Cells
Authors: Cousins Emily , Gao Yang , Sandford Gordon , Nicholas John 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT
The contributions of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) to virus biology remain unclear. Here we examined the role of vIL-6/gp130 signaling in HHV-8 productive replication in primary effusion lymphoma and endothelial cells. Depletion and depletion-complementation experiments revealed that endoplasmic reticulum-localized vIL-6 activity via gp130 and gp130-activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation, was critical for vIL-6 proreplication activity. Our data significantly extend current understanding of vIL-6 function and associated mechanisms in HHV-8 biology.
Dynamic and Nucleolin-Dependent Localization of Human Cytomegalovirus UL84 to the Periphery of Viral Replication Compartments and Nucleoli
Authors: Bender Brian J. , Coen Donald M. , Strang Blair L. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT
Protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions within subcellular compartments are required for viral genome replication. To understand the localization of the human cytomegalovirus viral replication factor UL84 relative to other proteins involved in viral DNA synthesis and to replicating viral DNA in infected cells, we created a recombinant virus expressing a FLAG-tagged version of UL84 (UL84FLAG) and used this virus in immunofluorescence assays. UL84FLAG localization differed at early and late times of infection, transitioning from diffuse distribution throughout the nucleus to exclusion from the interior of replication compartments, with some concentration at the periphery of replication compartments with newly labeled DNA and the viral DNA polymerase subunit UL44. Early in infection, UL84FLAG colocalized with the viral single-stranded DNA binding protein UL57, but colocalization became less prominent as infection progressed. A portion of UL84FLAG also colocalized with the host nucleolar protein nucleolin at the peripheries of both replication compartments and nucleoli. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of nucleolin resulted in a dramatic elimination of UL84FLAG from replication compartments and other parts of the nucleus and its accumulation in the cytoplasm. Reciprocal coimmunoprecipitation of viral proteins from infected cell lysates revealed association of UL84, UL44, and nucleolin. These results indicate that UL84 localization during infection is dynamic, which is likely relevant to its functions, and suggest that its nuclear and subnuclear localization is highly dependent on direct or indirect interactions with nucleolin.

IMPORTANCE
The protein-protein interactions among viral and cellular proteins required for replication of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA genome are poorly understood. We sought to understand how an enigmatic HCMV protein critical for virus replication, UL84, localizes relative to other viral and cellular proteins required for HCMV genome replication and replicating viral DNA. We found that UL84 localizes with viral proteins, viral DNA, and the cellular nucleolar protein nucleolin in the subnuclear replication compartments in which viral DNA replication occurs. Unexpectedly, we also found localization of UL84 with nucleolin in nucleoli and showed that the presence of nucleolin is involved in localization of UL84 to the nucleus. These results add to previous work showing the importance of nucleolin in replication compartment architecture and viral DNA synthesis and are relevant to understanding UL84 function.
Association between district-level perceived safety and self-rated health: a multilevel study in Seoul, South Korea
Authors: Kim Seung-Sup , Choi Jaesung , Park Kisoo , Chung Yeonseung , Park Sangjo , Heo Jongho 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesSeveral studies have reported the relationship between residents’ perceived neighbourhood safety and their health outcomes. However, those studies suffered from unreliability of neighbourhood safety measure and potential residual confounding related to crime rates. In this study, using multilevel analysis to account for the hierarchical structure of the data, we examined associations between district-level perceived safety and self-rated health after adjusting for potential confounders including the district-level crime rate.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWe used the first wave of Seoul Welfare Panel Study, which has 7761 individuals from 3665 households in 25 administrative districts in Seoul, South Korea. District-level perceived safety was obtained by aggregating responses from the residents that are representative samples for each administrative district in Seoul. To examine an association between district-level safety and residents’ self-rated health, we used mixed effect logistic regression.ResultsOur results showed that higher district-level perceived safety, an aggregated measure of district residents’ responses towards neighbourhood safety, was significantly associated with poor self-rated health after controlling for sex, age, education level, job status, marital status and household income (OR=0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.97). Furthermore, this association was still robust when we additionally adjusted for the district-level crime rate (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.95).ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of improving neighbourhood perceived safety to enhance residents’ health.
A systematic review and meta-analysis assessing adverse event profile and tolerability of nicergoline
Authors: Fioravanti Mario , Nakashima Taku , Xu Jun , Garg Amit 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety profile of nicergoline compared with placebo and other active agents from published randomised controlled trials.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of nicergoline compared with placebo and other active agents across various indications.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Medline-in-process, Cochrane, EMBASE, EMBASE alerts, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) and Cochrane Methodology Register (CMR) for all the randomised controlled trials, open-label or blinded, in adults treated with nicergoline. Studies published until August 2013 were included.Review method29 studies were included for data extraction. The studies included in this review were majorly from European countries and mostly in cerebrovascular disease (n=15) and dementia (n=8).ResultsThe treatment withdrawals were comparatively lower in the nicergoline group as compared with the placebo group (RR=0.92; 95% CI 0.7 to 1.21) and other active comparators (RR=0.45; 95% CI 0.10 to 1.95), but the difference was non-significant. Incidence of any adverse events (AEs) was slightly higher (RR=1.05; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.2) while incidence of serious AEs was lower (RR=0.85; 95% CI 0.50 to 1.45) in the nicergoline compared with placebo group. Frequency of anxiety was significantly lower in nicergoline as compared with placebo (p=0.01). Other AEs including diarrhoea, gastric upset, dizziness and drowsiness were less frequent in the nicergoline group when compared with placebo/active drugs, but the difference was non-significant. Frequency of hypotension and hot flushes was slightly higher in the nicergoline group but the difference was non-significant. None of the studies reported any incidence of fibrosis or ergotism with nicergoline treatment.ConclusionsNicergoline is an ergot derivative, but its safety profile is better than other ergot derivatives like ergotamine and ergotoxine. This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that nicergoline has a good safety profile. None of the studies included in this systematic review reported any incidence of fibrosis or ergotism with nicergoline.
Outcomes in patients with heart failure treated in hospitals with varying admission rates: population-based cohort study
Authors: Bhatia R Sacha , Austin Peter C , Stukel Therese A , Schull Michael J , Chong Alice , Tu Jack V , Lee Douglas S 
Published: July 2014

Study objectivesHospital admission rates for patients with heart failure (HF) presenting for emergency department (ED) care vary, and the implications of direct discharge home from the ED are unknown. We examined whether patients treated in hospitals with low admission rates exhibit higher rates of repeat ED visits, hospital readmissions and death.MethodsWe divided EDs into low-, medium- and high-admission-rate tertiles by their standardised HF admission rate in Ontario, Canada. Among adults (≥18 years) with HF discharged from an ED between April 2004 and March 2010, we evaluated the primary outcomes of repeat ED visits or hospitalisations for HF, and secondary outcomes, which included death, within 30 days stratified by HF admission-rate tertile.Results89 878 patients with HF presented to low- (n=29 929), medium- (n=30 900) or high- (n=29 049) admission-rate institutions, with hospitalisation rates of <67%, 67–75% and >75%, respectively. Among 28 175 ED-discharged patients, the multivariable-adjusted HR for repeat ED visit or hospitalisation for HF at low-admission-rate institutions was 1.18 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.29, p<0.001) compared with high-admission institutions. Similarly, the HR for repeat ED visits for HF was 1.28 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.44, p<0.001) at low-admission hospitals. Compared with discharged patients in the high-admission-rate tertile, adjusted HR for 30-day mortality was 1.19 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.47) at low-admission-rate hospitals. The HRs for all of the above outcomes were not significantly increased at medium-admission-rate hospitals.DiscussionPatients seeking care at institutions with lower rates of HF admission showed higher rates of repeat ED visits or hospitalisations after previous ED discharge.
Altered Endosome Biogenesis in Prostate Cancer Has Biomarker Potential
Authors: Johnson Ian R.D. , Parkinson-Lawrence Emma J. , Shandala Tetyana , Weigert Roberto , Butler Lisa M. , Brooks Doug A. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common form of cancer in males, affecting one in eight men by the time they reach the age of 70 years. Current diagnostic tests for prostate cancer have significant problems with both false negatives and false positives, necessitating the search for new molecular markers. A recent investigation of endosomal and lysosomal proteins revealed that the critical process of endosomal biogenesis might be altered in prostate cancer. Here, a panel of endosomal markers was evaluated in prostate cancer and nonmalignant cells and a significant increase in gene and protein expression was found for early, but not late endosomal proteins. There was also a differential distribution of early endosomes, and altered endosomal traffic and signaling of the transferrin receptors (TFRC and TFR2) in prostate cancer cells. These findings support the concept that endosome biogenesis and function are altered in prostate cancer. Microarray analysis of a clinical cohort confirmed the altered endosomal gene expression observed in cultured prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, in prostate cancer patient tissue specimens, the early endosomal marker and adaptor protein APPL1 showed consistently altered basement membrane histology in the vicinity of tumors and concentrated staining within tumor masses. These novel observations on altered early endosome biogenesis provide a new avenue for prostate cancer biomarker investigation and suggest new methods for the early diagnosis and accurate prognosis of prostate cancer.
Implications: This discovery of altered endosome biogenesis in prostate cancer may lead to novel biomarkers for more precise cancer detection and patient prognosis. Mol Cancer Res; 12(12); 1851–62. ©2014 AACR.
The first species of the spider genus Episinus in Colombia (Araneae, Theridiidae)
Authors: CHAVARI JOÃO LUCAS , BRESCOVIT ANTONIO D. 
Published: July 2014

The spider family Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833 is currently represented by 121 genera and 2,387 species distributed worldwide (Platnick, 2014), of which 52 genera are recorded in the Neotropical region. The genus Episinus Latreille, 1809 has 57 described species but only 29 (50.8%) are known by both sexes (Platnick, 2014). The type species of the genus, E. truncatus Latreille, 1809, was described from Italy. The last taxonomic of Episinus from the Neotropical region was made by Levi (1955), who proposed 26 species for this region. Levi (1964; 1967) and Buckup & Marques (1992) increased to 37 the number of Neotropical species. Later, 13 species were removed from Episinus, where seven species were transferred to the genus Neopisinus (Marques et al., 2011) and six species to the genus Janula (Yoshida & Koh, 2011). Currently, 24 species have been recorded from the Neotropical region, almost 40% of the known species in the world.
A comparative study of the economic and social functioning of Vietnamese-Australians with low English proficiency living with psychotic illness
Authors: Stolk Yvonne , Sevar Katherine , Tran Nga , Mancuso Serafino G , Chopra Prem , Castle David 
Published: July 2014

Background: Because national surveys of people living with psychotic disorders tend to exclude people with low English proficiency (LEP), little is known of their economic and social functioning. Culturally influenced explanatory models may result in delayed presentation and poorer functioning. Aims: The study aimed to compare the functioning of LEP Vietnamese-Australian and Australian-born patients with psychosis and to investigate the Vietnamese-Australians’ pathways to care. Method: In all, 19 LEP Vietnamese-Australians, previously excluded from the Australian Survey of High Impact Psychosis (SHIP), were matched with 15 Australian-born controls, and interviewed by a Vietnamese bilingual mental health professional using the SHIP Interview Schedule. Results: The Vietnamese-Australian patients were significantly more likely to live with family, rate spirituality as important and participate in community rehabilitation programs. Their work, social and independent functioning, was better than the controls. The groups did not differ in mental health services received and satisfaction with services. Although half of Vietnamese-Australians attributed mental illness to supernatural, among other causes, none had consulted traditional healers. Conclusions: Despite LEP, Vietnamese-Australians with psychosis showed comparable or better functioning than Australian-born patients. Further investigation is recommended into LEP patients’ clinical and social recovery and the role of language communities’ support networks.
A systematic review of cerebral oxygenation-monitoring devices in cardiac surgery
Authors: Douds MT , Straub EJ , Kent AC , Bistrick CH , Sistino JJ 
Published: July 2014

Objective: Cerebral oxygenation monitoring via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is increasingly becoming an accepted and valued component of intraoperative monitoring. In recent years, new devices have become available which all make different claims. The purpose of this study is to examine the research on these individual devices to establish the levels of evidence for each and formulate a research path for further evaluation of this technology in cardiac surgery. Methods: This study is a systematic review of published research on cerebral oximetry. We searched PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus for full-length, peer-reviewed articles containing original data resulting from the study of patient neurologic outcomes based on the use of FDA-approved near-infrared spectroscopy devices. The studies were then grouped and classified based on the device used and the levels of evidence each study provided. Results: Only a very limited number of high-level clinical evidence research papers are currently available, with nearly all of those papers based on the INVOS system. This is likely due to the different lengths of time each device has been on the market and its availability for use in clinical trials. Challenges to testing include the expense of testing various devices, the lack of a globally accepted gold standard for cerebral oxygenation saturation, the limited availability of patient frontal surface area and the gradual adoption of this technology. Despite these limitations, significant results have been identified in relation to patient outcomes. Conclusion: At this time, there is limited high-level evidence available for all of the NIRS devices on the market despite significant outcomes found in these studies. Additional prospective randomized studies should be conducted in order to establish the potential role NIRS may play in patient monitoring as well as assessing the efficacy of the multiple devices on the market.
Continuing Caritas Journey—Reflections Upon a Shared Private Pilgrimage
Authors: Watson Jean 
Published: July 2014

This manuscript is a continuing saga of an earlier walking pilgrimage ( El Camino in northern Spain): now a journey to Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet, this time with others instead of alone. As I journeyed in close company with five others we experienced and expressed surprises about our selves and each other—our shared vulnerability, tolerance, and humility—uncovering lessons in living Caritas. As I trekked through these inner and outer adventures, Bhutan was discovered as a light of hope—a living metaphor of a people and a culture that hold and practice Caritas principles of loving—kindness, compassion, and equanimity for all sentient beings. Bhutan, a small country bordered by China and India, the only country in the world with a gross national happiness index and shared Caritas consciousness of oneness and connectedness of all, serves as a sacred path for humanity—a geographic Bodhisattva.
Serious infections in systemic lupus erythematosus with a focus on pneumococcal infections
Authors: Luijten R K M A C , Cuppen B V J , Bijlsma J W J , Derksen R H W M 
Published: July 2014

Background Infections are important denominators of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Pneumococcus pneumoniae has been identified as a relatively frequent cause of serious infections in SLE and vaccination against this pathogen is possible. We analysed the incidence of serious infections in a cohort of SLE patients, focussing on Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods We retrospectively screened the medical records of all SLE patients who were regularly seen in the outpatient clinic of our department between January 2010 and December 2012. We registered all infections that necessitated admission to the hospital (serious infection) and compared relevant clinical and laboratory parameters and immunomodulating/immunosuppressive treatment in patients with and without serious infections. Results In the total cohort of 260 patients, there were 132 episodes of serious infection in 70 patients, with a median follow-up per patient of 11.4 years (range 0 to 50.2 years). S. pneumoniae accounted for 11/132 (8.3%) serious infection episodes and eight of 11 episodes were invasive. With a follow-up of 3970.6 years for the total cohort, this leads to an incidence of 201/100.000 patient-years. In the multivariate analysis neither clinical parameters nor use of immunosuppressive drugs correlated with occurrence of serious infections. Conclusions Compared to the incidence of invasive pneumococcal infections in the Dutch population (15.6/100.000 patient years), the incidence in SLE patients is 13 times higher. This, in combination with the absence of a relation to use of immunosuppressive drugs, is a strong argument to recommend vaccination against S. pneumoniae in all SLE patients.
A lineage of diploid platelet-forming cells precedes polyploid megakaryocyte formation in the mouse embryo
Authors: Potts Kathryn S. , Sargeant Tobias J. , Markham John F. , Shi Wei , Biben Christine , Josefsson Emma C. , Whitehead Lachlan W. , Rogers Kelly L. , Liakhovitskaia Anna , Smyth Gordon K. , Kile Benjamin T. , Medvinsky Alexander , Alexander Warren S. , Hilton Douglas J. , Taoudi Samir 
Published: July 2014

Key Points
The first embryonic platelets are produced by a unique lineage of diploid cells not polyploid MKs. Diploid platelet-forming cells are produced in the early mouse embryo via a progenitor cell–independent pathway.
Immunogenicity of a monovalent 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine in infants: randomized, observer-masked, single-center clinical study
Authors: Wang Shilei , Dong Jinrong , Chai Wenqing , Li Fangjun , Wang Shuqiao , Sun Bing , Chen Ze 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study is to further investigate the immune response of the inactivated split-virion vaccine for infants. We tested the immunogenicity and safety of the inactivated split-virion vaccine in infants, aged 6–35 months, for a randomized, observer-masked, age-stratified clinical study. We randomly divided subjects into three groups: 7.5 μg, 15 μg of hemagglutinin antigen dosage groups and seasonal influenza vaccine for children dosage group in a 2 dose regimen. A serologic analysis was performed at baseline and on day 21 and 42. 312 infants received a single dose injection of vaccine and 265 (84.94%) infants received two doses injection of vaccine. Adverse reactions were mostly mild or moderate. Among the subjects who received 7.5 μg and 15 μg of vaccine for a single dose injection, the rate of hemagglutinin inhibition titer of 1:40 or greater were 52.48% (95% confidence interval (CI) 42.83 ~ 61.95) and 61.11% (95% CI 50.78 ~ 70.53), respectively. Among the subjects receiving 7.5 μg and 15 μg of vaccine for two doses injection, the rate of hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) titer of 1:40 or greater were 90.10% (95% CI 82.73 ~ 94.53) and 94.44% (95% CI 87.64 ~ 97.60), respectively. These data suggests that 15 μg or 7.5 μg dose of hemagglutinin antigen of the inactivated split-virion vaccine was safe and two doses of injection could induce a sufficient protective immune response in infants.

Trial registration

Clinical trials registration:NCT01494740.
Selective cytotoxicity of indirect nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma against ovarian clear-cell carcinoma
Authors: Utsumi Fumi , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Nakamura Kae , Tanaka Hiromasa , Hori Masaru , Kikkawa Fumitaka 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is a histological type of epithelial ovarian cancer that is less responsive to chemotherapy and associated with a poorer prognosis than serous and endometrioid carcinoma. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma which produces reactive species has recently led to an explosion of research in plasma medicine. Plasma treatment can be applied to cancer treatment to induce apoptosis and tumor growth arrest. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that a medium exposed to plasma also has an anti-proliferative effect against cancer in the absence of direct exposure to plasma. In this study, we confirmed whether this indirect plasma has an anti-tumor effect against CCC, and investigated whether this efficacy is selective for cancer cells. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma induced apoptosis in CCC cells, while human peritoneal mesothelial cells remained viable. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma exhibits selective cytotoxicity against CCC cells which are resistant to chemotherapy.