bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction-Aware Motion Planning as a Game
Authors: Burger Christoph , Yan Shengchao , Burgard Wolfram , Stiller Christoph 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMotion planning for automated vehicles (AVs) in mixed traffic, where AVs share the road with human-driven vehicles, is a challenging task. To reduce the complexity, state-of-the-art planning approaches often assume that the future motion of surrounding vehicles can be predicted independently of the AV’s plan. This separation can lead to suboptimal, overly conservative behavior especially in highly interactive traffic situations. In this work, we introduce a motion planning algorithm to generate interaction-aware behavior for highly interactive scenarios. The presented algorithm is based upon a reformulation of a bi-level optimization problem, which frames interactions between a human driver and a AV as a Stackelberg game. In contrast to existing works, the algorithm can account for general nonlinear state and input constraints. Further, we introduce mechanisms to integrate cooperation and courtesy into motion planning to prevent overly aggressive driving behavior.
The Rhetoric of Reaction in Spain: Radical Right, Gender, and Immigration
Authors: Fernández-Suárez Belén 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter provides an analysis of VOX’s political discourse on gender equality and immigration. VOX belongs to the European radical right and is characterized by conservatism, centralist nationalism, and nativism. The literature reviewed establishes a dialogue between migration studies and gender studies concerning the rise of these traditionalist and nationalist forces in Europe. The objectives are to present VOX’s main arguments on the role of women, gender equality, and immigration in Spain and to explore the relationship between these recurring topics in their political discourse. The methodology is qualitative, grounded on document analysis of VOX materials (program, statutes, founding manifesto) and parliamentary discourses in the Congress of Deputies in the XIII and XIV Legislatures. The results indicate that arguments and proposals regarding immigration seek to strengthen border control, toughen penalties, and consider irregular migration as a crime, targeting Muslim migrants. Regarding gender issues, their nativist vision implies to preserve traditional roles, oppose feminism, and promote natalist policies reinforcing mothers’ roles in caregiving. To conclude, VOX associates Muslim immigration with a perceived thret to women’s freedom in Western countries, link it to sexual crimes against women.
Frequentist Probability Logic
Authors: Aldini Alessandro , Graziani Pierluigi , Tagliaferri Mirko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a logic $$\textbf{FPL}$$
FPL
(Frequentist Probability Logic) to reason about probabilities with a relative frequency interpretation. We show that it is possible to interpret the language of $$\textbf{FPL}$$
FPL
with the standard semantics for propositional logic. $$\textbf{FPL}$$
FPL
can give a peculiar frequentist interpretation of a probability operator. We then give a proof system for the language, prove that the traditional theorems of probability hold, and prove soundness and completeness.
Sigma-1 receptor targeting inhibits connexin 43 based intercellular communication in chronic neuropathic pain
Authors: Denaro Simona , D’Aprile Simona , Torrisi Filippo , Zappalà Agata , Marrazzo Agostino , Al-Khrasani Mahmoud , Pasquinucci Lorella , Vicario Nunzio , Parenti Rosalba , Parenti Carmela 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background and objective
Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition characterized by aberrant signaling within the somatosensory system, affecting millions of people worldwide with limited treatment options. Herein, we aim at investigating the potential of a sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) antagonist in managing neuropathic pain.

Methods
A Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) model was used to induce neuropathic pain. The potential of (+)-MR200 was evaluated following daily subcutaneous injections of the compound. Its mechanism of action was confirmed by administration of a well-known σ1R agonist, PRE084.

Results
(+)-MR200 demonstrated efficacy in protecting neurons from damage and alleviating pain hypersensitivity in CCI model. Our results suggest that (+)-MR200 reduced the activation of astrocytes and microglia, cells known to contribute to the neuroinflammatory process, suggesting that (+)-MR200 may not only address pain symptoms but also tackle the underlying cellular mechanism involved. Furthermore, (+)-MR200 treatment normalized levels of the gap junction (GJ)-forming protein connexin 43 (Cx43), suggesting a reduction in harmful intercellular communication that could fuel the chronicity of pain.

Conclusions
This approach could offer a neuroprotective strategy for managing neuropathic pain, addressing both pain symptoms and cellular processes driving the condition. Understanding the dynamics of σ1R expression and function in neuropathic pain is crucial for clinical intervention.
Protocol-based CT-guided brachytherapy for patients with prostate cancer and previous rectal extirpation—a curative approach
Authors: Schubert Philipp , Strnad Vratislav , Weißmann Thomas , Schweizer Claudia , Lotter Michael , Kreppner Stephan , Karius Andre , Fietkau Rainer , Merten Ricarda 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
There are numerous curative treatment possibilities for prostate cancer. In patients who have undergone rectal extirpation for rectal cancer treatment, curative options are limited due to anatomic changes and previous irradiation of the pelvis. In this analysis, we validate the feasibility of CT-guided transperineal interstitial brachytherapy for this specific scenario.

Patients and methods
We analyzed the treatment procedures and outcomes of 5 patients with metachronic nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Ultrasound-guided brachytherapy was not possible in any of the patients. Of these 5 patients, 3 were treated for prostate cancer using temporary brachytherapy with Ir-192 only, and 2 were treated with external-beam radiation therapy and temporary brachytherapy as a boost. CT-guided brachytherapy was performed in all patients. We analyzed the feasibility, efficacy, treatment-related toxicity, and quality of life (EORTC-30, IEFF, IPSS, and ICIQ questionnaires) of the treatments.

Results
Median follow-up was 35 months. Two out of five patients received boost irradiation (HDR 2 × 9 Gy, PDR 30 Gy). Three out of five patients were treated with PDR brachytherapy in two sessions up to a total dose of 60 Gy. Dosimetric parameters were documented as median values as follows: V100 94.7% (94.5–98.4%), D2bladder 64.3% (50.9–78.3%), D10urethra 131.05% (123.2%–141.2%), and D30urethra 122.45% (116.2%–129.5%). At the time of analysis, no biochemical recurrence had been documented. Furthermore, neither early nor late side effects exceeding CTCAE grade 2 were documented.

Conclusion
CT-guided transperineal brachytherapy of the prostate in patients with previous rectal surgery and radiation therapy is safe and represents a possible curative treatment option. Brachytherapy can be considered for patients with metachronic prostate cancer in this specific scenario, albeit preferably in experienced high-volume centers.
Mechanical and thermal analysis of basalt grid reinforced particleboards containing flame retardants
Authors: Mayer Aaron Kilian , Brinker Sascha , Mai Carsten 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFlame retardants and other additives can reduce the performance of adhesives used to produce wood-based panels such as particleboards (PB). Basalt reinforcement was evaluated to compensate for the loss of bending strength to allow the panels to be used in the construction sector. A basalt grid with a grammage of 200 g m−2 was used to reinforce PB containing 15 m% nitrogen-phosphate based flame retardant. The modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the reinforced panels were higher (69% and 24%, respectively) than those of corresponding reference panels. The thermal analysis revealed that the addition of the flame retardant could result in the PB being upgraded to Euroclass B with a reduced crack formation, as identified via 3D-microscopy. Consequently, the use of basalt grid as a reinforcement material could be a way to reinforce panels that contain strength-reducing additives.
Human Exposure to Heavy Metals over the Last 100 Years
Authors: Brudecki Kamil , Pasieka Agnieszka , Franczak Renata , Pankowska Anna , Kołodziej Małgorzata , Lorenc-Brudecka Jadwiga , Łokas Edyta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of the presented research was to assess the impact of intense global economic development, over the last 100 years, on the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the human body. This evaluation was conducted based on the measurement of heavy metals in human hair samples collected 100 years ago in present-day southern Poland.In this study, concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and selenium (Se) were measured in 61 hair samples,28 of which were obtained from individuals who lived 100 years ago, while the remaining 33 constituted the contemporary control group. The concentrations were determined using a triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Agilent 8900). Statistical analysis of the obtained results was conducted using the Principal Cmponent Analysis and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. In the case of As, Pb, Cd, and Fe, the concentrations were significantly higher in individuals who lived 100 years ago compared to those living today. Over this period, the median concentrations were shown to have decreased by 95%, 94%, 85%, and 69% for As, Pb, Cd, and Fe, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed for Cu, Zn, and Se. The results obtained for Pb, Cd, As, and Fe unequivocally indicate that the population studied from 100 years ago was more exposed to internal contamination with these metals than people who live nowadays.
Building Momentum: platformised organising and the democratic deficit
Authors: Piazzo Robin , Keeling Silvia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe literature focussing on digital platforms as intraorganisational intermediaries underlines a key shortcoming of this model that has not been addressed by the literatures on digital social movements, advocacy, and activism. This limitation is related to the fact that platform-based organisations usually exploit widespread representations of digital technologies as tools for democratisation, but then offer low-quality internal democracy. This has implications for these organisations’ internal and external legitimacy, which are vital for mobilising and engaging supporters and the general public. This article proposes an historical and processual study of the hybrid organisation Momentum, with the aim of exploring the organisational implications of the cyber-democratising discourse and its impact on the internal legitimacy of platform-based organisations.
Development of plate-type and tubular chemiluminescence immunoassay against African swine fever virus p72
Authors: Miao Chun , Shao Junjun , Yang Sicheng , Wen Shenghui , Ma Yunyun , Gao Shandian , Chang Huiyun , Liu Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and fatal viral disease that has caused huge economic losses to the pig and related industries worldwide. At present, rapid, accurate, and sensitive laboratory detection technologies are important means of preventing and controlling ASF. However, because attenuated strains of African swine fever virus (ASFV) are constantly emerging, an ASFV antibody could be used more effectively to investigate the virus and control the disease on pig farms. The isolation of ASFV-specific antibodies is also essential for the diagnosis of ASF. Therefore, in this study, we developed two chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIAs) to detect antibodies directed against ASFV p72: a traditional plate-type blocking CLIA (p72-CLIA) and an automatic tubular competitive CLIA based on magnetic particles (p72-MPCLIA). We compared the diagnostic performance of these two methods to provide a feasible new method for the effective prevention and control of ASF and the purification of ASFV. The cut-off value, diagnostic sensitivity (Dsn), and diagnostic specificity (Dsp) of p72-CLIA were 40%, 100%, and 99.6%, respectively, in known background serum, whereas those of p72-MPCLIA were 36%, 100%, and 99.6%, respectively. Thus, both methods show good Dsn, Dsp, and repeatability. However, when analytical sensitivity was evaluated, p72-MPCLIA was more sensitive than p72-CLIA or a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. More importantly, p72-MPCLIA reduced the detection time to 15 min and allowed fully automated detection. In summary, p72-MPCLIA showed superior diagnostic performance and offered a new tool for detecting ASFV infections in the future.

Key points
• Two chemiluminescence immunoassay (plate-type CLIA and tubular CLIA) methods based on p72 monoclonal antibody (mAb) were developed to detect ASFV antibody.
• Both methods show good diagnostic performance (Dsn (100%), Dsp (99.6%), and good repeatability), and p72-MPCLIA detects antibodies against ASFV p72 with high efficiency in just 15 min.
Pseudoendocrine sarcoma: a rare new entity with unique radiologic and pathologic/molecular characteristics
Authors: Corey Zachary , Fanburg-Smith Julie C. , French Cristy N. , Walker Eric A. , Kamerow Harry N. , Cochran Eric L. , Smith Jessica D. , Flemming Donald J. , Murphey Mark D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPseudoendocrine sarcoma is a rare, recently described intermediate grade sarcoma of uncertain phenotype that most commonly affects the paraspinal location in older patients with a distinctive endocrine/paraganglioma-like morphology and unique CTNNB1 point mutation. While these tumors appear as epithelial or even benign endocrine tumors, these lack markers for such and are highlighted by nuclear expression of beta-catenin. This case is the first among the previously reported only twenty-five cases of this entity, including one original series and a few case reports, to correlate the radiologic imaging with the pathologic features. Furthermore, this case illustrates the oldest-to-date patient with this unique location as a palpable painful chest wall/paraspinal location, with new morphologic observations and, finally, this is only the second case to have this specific CTNNB1 hotspot point mutation for this rare entity.
Interleukin-7 expression by CAR-T cells improves CAR-T cell survival and efficacy in chordoma
Authors: Wu Huantong , Xu Zhuofan , Qi Maoyang , Liu Penghao , Zhang Boyan , Wang Zhenglin , Chen Ge , Liu Xiaohai , Liu Junqi , Wei Wei , Duan Wanru , Chen Zan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChordoma is a rare bone tumor that frequently recurs after surgery, and the prognosis is poor with current treatments. This study aimed to identify potential novel immunotherapeutic targets for chordomas by identifying target proteins in clinical samples as well as tumor microenvironmental factors to enhance efficacy. Fourteen chordoma samples were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing, and B7–H3 and IL-7 were identified as potential targets and potentiators, respectively. B7–H3-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells and B7–H3 CAR-T cells expressing IL-7 were synthesized and their anti-tumor activity evaluated in vitro, including in primary chordoma organoid models. The B7–H3 CAR-T/IL-7 therapy showed enhanced cytotoxicity and prolonged duration of action against tumor cells. Additionally, IL-7 modulated favorable subpopulations of cultured CAR-T cells, diminished immune checkpoint expression on T-cell surfaces, and enhanced T-cell functionality. The incorporation of IL-7 molecules into the B7–H3 CAR structure augmented CAR-T-cell function and improved CAR-T-cell efficacy, thus providing a novel dual therapeutic strategy for chordoma treatment.
A coddling of the sagittal suture: inequality in spring-assisted expansion
Authors: Ng Jinggang J. , Chang Ashley E. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Shakir Sameer , Massenburg Benjamin B. , Wu Meagan , Romeo Dominic J. , Swanson Jordan W. , Bartlett Scott P. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We examined differences in long-term morphometric outcomes of spring-mediated cranioplasty (SMC) for various forms of isolated nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed of children who underwent SMC from 2011 to 2020 at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. Cephalic indices (CI), Whitaker grades, parietal bone thickness, and degree of suture fusion were assessed. Frontal bossing and vertex-nasion-opisthocranion (VNO) angles were compared to a normal control group.

Results
Fifty-four subjects underwent surgery at age 3.6 ± 1.0 months with follow-up of 6.3 ± 1.8 years. Mean CI was 75.2 ± 4.1 at 5.9 ± 2.0 years postoperatively. Mean CI were 75.8 ± 4.1 (n = 32), 76.4 ± 4.0 (n = 22), and 77.1 ± 4.8 (n = 11) at 5, 7, and 9+ years postoperatively, respectively. Three (5.6%) required reoperation for persistent scaphocephalic cranial deformity. Fifty-one (94.4%) were Whitaker Grade I. On physical examination, 12 (22.2%) demonstrated craniofacial abnormalities. At long-term follow-up, there were no differences in frontal bossing angle (102.7 ± 5.2 degrees versus 100.7 ± 5.6 degrees, p = .052) and VNO angle (44.9 ± 3.3 degrees versus 43.9 ± 2.2 degrees, p = .063) between study and control groups. Younger age at surgery predicted a lower Whitaker grade, more normalized VNO angle, and greater change in CI during active expansion. Increased percentage fused of the posterior sagittal suture predicted a higher Whitaker grade, while decreased anterior fusion was associated with frontal bossing and temporal hollowing.

Conclusions
Overall, children undergoing spring-mediated cranioplasty for sagittal craniosynostosis demonstrated maintenance of CI, favorable cosmetic outcomes, and a low reoperation rate at mid-term follow-up. Early intervention is associated with improved aesthetic outcomes, and regional fusion patterns may influence long-term craniofacial dysmorphology.
Barbed suture in neck dissection: a randomized clinical study on efficacy, safety and aesthetic outcome
Authors: Doescher Johannes , Emmanuel Benjamin , Greve Jens , Schuler Patrick J. , Sommer Fabian , Laban Simon , Veit Johannes , Hoffmann Thomas K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The resection of lymph nodes/neck dissection is a typical part of the surgical treatment of head and neck malignancies. The aim of this study was to compare subcutaneous closure using single knotted, braided suture (VicrylTM, standard arm) with continuous self-locking, monofilament barbed suture (V-LocTM, experimental arm).

Methods
Neck Lock was a randomized clinical trial at a single tertiary referral center. It was conducted from 2016 till 2022 with a follow-up period of 3 months. Assessment of safety and aesthetic outcome was double-blinded. 68 patients were randomized after application of exclusion criteria. Subcutaneous wound closure was performed in an intrapatient randomized fashion for suture technique. The primary endpoint was the duration of subcutaneous sutures. Wound healing and scar formation were recorded at multiple postoperative intervals as secondary endpoints.

Results
The median age was 61 years, 89.7% were male. 92.6% suffered from a squamous cell carcinoma. There was a significant difference in median subcutaneous suture time (p = 0.024) between the experimental (6:11 ± 2:30 min) and standard (7:01 ± 2.42 min) arms. There was no significant difference in safety when assessing adverse events (AEs). At least one AE occurred in 14.7% vs. 5.9%, for barbed and smooth sutures respectively (p = 0.16).

Conclusion
For neck dissection of head and neck malignancies, subcutaneous wound closure with self-locking sutures offers significant time savings over the single knot technique with similar safety and aesthetic results.

Trial registration information
The trial was registered with WHO acknowledged primary registry “German Clinical Trials Register” under the ID DRKS00025831 (https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00025831).
Nochmals Odysseus. Zum normativen Status vorausschauender Autorisierungen von Zwangsbehandlungen für Situationen einer temporären Kompetenzbeeinträchtigung
Authors: Hallich Oliver 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungMit dem Ausdruck „Odysseus-Anweisung“ werden dokumentierte Behandlungswünsche kompetenter Personen für Phasen einer vorübergehenden Kompetenzbeeinträchtigung bezeichnet, mittels derer diese Personen ein Handeln gegen ihre Präferenzen in der vorausgesehenen Situation der Kompetenzbeeinträchtigung autorisieren. Im Zentrum der ethischen Diskussion der Odysseus-Anweisungen steht im Allgemeinen die Frage nach ihrer „moralischen Autorität“ oder „Respektabilität“. Es wird gefragt, ob Odysseus-Anweisungen moralische Autorität in dem Sinne besitzen, dass sie bei Einschlägigkeit und Anwendbarkeit in der Akutsituation ein Handeln gegen den Patientenwillen moralisch geboten machen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird argumentiert, dass es in der Akutsituation Gründe geben kann, gegen eine einschlägige und anwendbare Odysseus-Anweisung zu handeln, da ein Handeln entsprechend einer Odysseus-Anweisung gerechtfertigt, aber gleichwohl falsch sein kann. Dazu wird nach einer einleitenden Darstellung des Problems und einigen terminologischen Präzisierungen zunächst die Unterscheidung zwischen Gerechtfertigt Sein und Richtig Sein auf einer allgemeinen Ebene erläutert und dann auf Odysseus-Anweisungen übertragen und zwischen der Anwendung dieser Unterscheidung auf der Einzelfallebene und der Prinzipienebene differenziert. Abschließend wird dafür plädiert, dass, da ein Handeln entsprechend einer Odysseus-Anweisung gerechtfertigt, aber falsch sein kann, Odysseus-Anweisungen die von ihnen autorisierten Zwangsbehandlungen auch bei vorhandener Einschlägigkeit und Anwendbarkeit nicht zu moralisch gebotenen machen und deren Befolgung nicht rechtlich bindend gemacht werden sollte. Sie sind nicht als normativ gleichrangig mit anderen Patientenverfügungen, die sich z. B. auf Zustände der Demenz beziehen, anzusehen.