bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the stable model semantics for intensional functions
Authors: BARTHOLOMEW MICHAEL , LEE JOOHYUNG 
Published: September 2013

AbstractSeveral extensions of the stable model semantics are available to describe ‘intensional’ functions—functions that can be described in terms of other functions and predicates by logic programs. Such functions are useful for expressing inertia and default behaviors of systems, and can be exploited for alleviating the grounding bottleneck involving functional fluents. However, the extensions were defined in different ways under different intuitions. In this paper we provide several reformulations of the extensions, and note that they are in fact closely related to each other and coincide on large syntactic classes of logic programs.
Trivial zeros of -adic -functions at near-central points
Authors: Benois Denis 
Published: September 2013

AbstractUsing the$\ell $-invariant constructed in our previous paper we prove a Mazur–Tate–Teitelbaum-style formula for derivatives of$p$-adic$L$-functions of modular forms at trivial zeros. The novelty of this result is to cover the near-central point case. In the central point case our formula coincides with the Mazur–Tate–Teitelbaum conjecture proved by Greenberg and Stevens and by Kato, Kurihara and Tsuji at the end of the 1990s.
Geschlechtsrollen-Selbstkonzept und Beeinträchtigung des psychischen Wohlbefindens bei jungen Frauen
Authors: Rohmann Elke , Bierhoff Hans-Werner 
Published: September 2013

Frauen weisen eine deutlich erhöhte Anfälligkeit für Depression und Angst auf. Daher stellt sich die Frage, wie das Geschlechtsrollen-Selbstkonzept mit der Beeinträchtigung des psychischen Wohlbefindens zusammenhängt. Neben dem Geschlechtsrollen-Selbstkonzept (Instrumentalität, Expressivität, übermäßige Instrumentalität und übermäßige Expressivität) wurde die Beeinträchtigung des psychischen Wohlbefindens (Depression, Beschwerden, Zwangsverhalten und Neurotizismus) in der vorliegenden empirischen Studie berücksichtigt. Fragebögen wurden von 106 Frauen bearbeitet, die im Mittel 26 Jahre alt waren. Die Auswertung beruht auf Korrelationen, multiplen Regressionen und kanonischer Korrelationsanalyse. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die vier Hypothesen: Übermäßige Expressivität und übermäßige Instrumentalität waren positiv mit der Beeinträchtigung des psychischen Wohlbefindens assoziiert, während sich Instrumentalität günstig auf das psychische Wohlbefinden auswirkte. Jedes dieser drei Selbstkonzeptmerkmale leistete einen unabhängigen Beitrag zur Erklärung der Varianz der Beeinträchtigung des psychischen Wohlbefindens. Außerdem kamen wir zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass Expressivität sich weder positiv noch negativ auf die Beeinträchtigung des psychischen Wohlbefindens auswirkte. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Geschlechtsrollen-Selbstkonzept und psychischem Leiden wurde durch eine signifikante kanonische Korrelation von .73 sehr gut beschrieben.
Stabilisieren sich Entlastung und Stressreduktion bei Angehörigen pathologischer Glücksspieler nach der Teilnahme am psychoedukativen Training ETAPPE?
Authors: Buchner Ursula Gisela , Koytek Annalena , Arnold Melanie , Gollrad Tanja , Wodarz Norbert 
Published: September 2013

Angehörige problematischer und pathologischer Glücksspieler leiden unter sozialen, psychischen und ökonomischen Belastungen, die durch das Spielverhalten der Betroffenen entstehen. Sie benötigen daher dringend adäquate Unterstützung. Aus diesem Grund wurde das Entlastungstraining für Angehörige problematischer und pathologischer Glücksspieler–psychoedukativ (ETAPPE) als manualisiertes Gruppenangebot entwickelt. In der hier vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde die Nachhaltigkeit der in der Pilotstudie gezeigten positiven Effekte des Programms überprüft. Die Teilnehmenden wurden drei Monate nach Abschluss der Gruppen schriftlich zu ihrer subjektiven Belastetheit und ihrem Stresserleben befragt. Bei einem Rücklauf von 90.2 % zeigen sich, unter Berücksichtigung des explorativen Charakters der Untersuchung, positive Befunde: Die durch ETAPPE erreichte Reduktion der Belastetheit bleibt bestehen, der chronische Stress lässt sich weiter reduzieren. Daher lohnt es sich, diesen Ansatz zur Versorgung Angehöriger problematischer und pathologischer Glücksspieler weiter zu verfolgen.
Erratum: Community transcriptomic assembly reveals microbes that contribute to deep-sea carbon and nitrogen cycling
Authors: Baker Brett J , Sheik Cody S , Taylor Chris A , Jain Sunit , Bhasi Ashwini , Cavalcoli James D , Dick Gregory J 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Correction to: The ISME Journal (2013) 7, 1962–1973; doi:10.1038/ismej.2013.85; published online 23 May 2013 Since the publication of this article, the authors have discovered several errors and brought them to the attention of the publisher. The main error concerns two instances (both on Page 2) inwhich ’ammonia oxidation’ has been incorrectly substituted with ‘annammox’.
UV induced visual cues in grasses
Authors: Baby Sabulal , Johnson Anil John , Govindan Balaji , Lukose Sujith , Gopakumar Bhaskaran , Koshy Konnath Chacko 
Published: September 2013

AbstractGrasses are traditionally considered as wind pollinated, however, field observations confirmed frequent insect visits to grass flowers, suggesting insect pollination. Fruit and seed predators inflict heavy losses to cereals and millets during their growth, maturation and storage. The actual factors guiding insects and predators to grass flowers, fruits and seeds are not clear. Here, we report attractive blue fluorescence emissions on grass floral parts such as glumes, lemma, palea, lodicules, staminal filaments, pollens and fruits in ultraviolet (UV) 366 nm, whereas the stigmatic portions were not blue, but red fluorescent. We characterized the blue fluorescent constituent in grass reproductive structures as ferulic acid (FA). Fluorescence spectra of blue-emitting grass floral, seed extracts and isolated FA on excitation at 366 nm showed their emissions at 420–460 nm. We propose these FA-based blue fluorescence emissions in grass reproductive structures as visual cues that attract pollinators, predators and even pests towards them.
Down-regulation of cyclin G2 by insulin, IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor 1) and X10 (AspB10 insulin): role in mitogenesis
Authors: Svendsen Angela M. , Winge Sofia B. , Zimmermann Maike , Lindvig Anne B. , Warzecha Caroline B. , Sajid Waseem , Horne Mary C. , De Meyts Pierre 
Published: September 2013

The mechanisms whereby insulin analogues may cause enhanced mitogenicity through activation of either the IR (insulin receptor) or the IGF-IR (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor) are incompletely understood. We demonstrate that in L6 myoblasts expressing only IGF-IRs as well as in the same cells overexpressing the IR, IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor 1), insulin and X10 (AspB10 insulin) down-regulate the mRNA expression level of the cell cycle inhibitor cyclin G2, as measured by qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription–PCR), and induce cell growth measured by [6-3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA. Western blotting showed a marked down-regulation of cyclin G2 at the protein level in both cell lines. Overexpression of cyclin G2 in the two cell lines diminished the mitogenic effect of all three ligands. The use of specific inhibitors indicated that both the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathways mediate the down-regulation of Ccng2. The down-regulation of CCNG2 by the three ligands was also observed in other cell lines: MCF-7, HMEC, Saos-2, R−/IR and INS-1. These results indicate that regulation of cyclin G2 is a key mechanism whereby insulin, insulin analogues and IGF-I stimulate cell proliferation.
Angiotensin II and the ERK pathway mediate the induction of leptin by mechanical cyclic stretch in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes
Authors: Chiu Chiung-Zuan , Wang Bao-Wei , Shyu Kou-Gi 
Published: September 2013

Mechanical cyclic stretch of cardiomyocytes causes cardiac hypertrophy through cardiac-restricted gene expression. Leptin induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to myocardial stress. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of leptin under cyclic stretch and its role in regulating genetic transcription in cardiomyocytes. Cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes were subjected to cyclic stretch, and the expression levels of leptin, ROS (reactive oxygen species) and AngII (angiotensin II) were evaluated. Signal transduction inhibitors were used to identify the pathway of leptin expression. EMSAs were used to identify the binding of leptin/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and luciferase assays were used to identify the transcription of leptin in cardiomyocytes. The study also used an in vivo model of AV (aortocaval) shunt in rats to investigate leptin, ROS and AngII expression. Leptin and leptin receptor levels increased after cyclic stretch with the earlier expression of AngII and ROS. Leptin expression was suppressed by AngII receptor blockers, an ROS scavenger [NAC (N-acetylcysteine)], an ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) pathway inhibitor (PD98059) and ERK siRNA. Binding of leptin/STAT3 was identified by EMSAs, and luciferase assays confirmed the transcription of leptin in neonatal cardiomyocytes after cyclic stretch. Increased MHC (myosin heavy chain) expression and [3H]-proline incorporation in cardiomyocytes was detected after cyclic stretch, which were inhibited by leptin siRNA and NAC. The in vivo model of AV shunt also demonstrated increased levels of plasma and myocardial leptin, ROS and AngII expression after cyclic stretch. Mechanical cyclic stretch in cardiomyocytes increased leptin expression mediated by the induction of AngII, ROS and the ERK pathway to cause cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Myocardial hypertrophy can be identified by increased transcriptional activity and an enhanced hypertrophic phenotype of cardiomyocytes.
AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on diamond substrate with over 7 W/mm output power density at 10 GHz
Authors: Dumka D.C. , Chou T.M. , Faili F. , Francis D. , Ejeckam F. 
Published: September 2013

Record RF performance of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on a diamond substrate with over 7 W/mm output power density at 10 GHz is reported. It is achieved along with the peak power‐added‐efficiency over 46% and power gain over 11 dB for 2 × 100 µm gate‐width HEMTs at 40 V drain bias. Device wafers are prepared by first removing the host Si (111) substrate and nitride transition layers beneath the channel, depositing a 50 nm dielectric onto the exposed GaN buffer, and finally growing 100 µm of a chemical vapour deposition diamond onto the dielectric adhering to the epitaxial AlGaN/GaN. This approach enables the active GaN channel to be brought within 1 µm of the diamond substrate. Test HEMTs are fabricated using a dielectrically defined 0.25 µm gate length process.
High reliability sensing circuit for deep submicron spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory
Authors: Kang Wang , Zhao Weisheng , Klein J.‐O. , Zhang Youguang , Chappert C. , Ravelosona D. 
Published: September 2013

A high reliability offset‐tolerant sensing circuit is presented for deep submicron spin transfer torque magnetic tunnel junction (STT‐MTJ) memory. This circuit, using a triple‐stage sensing operation, is able to tolerate the increased process variations as technology scales down to the deep submicron nodes, thus improving significantly the sensing margin. Meanwhile, it clamps the bit‐line voltage to a predefined small bias voltage to avoid any read disturbance during the sensing operations. By using the STMicroelectronics CMOS 40 nm design kit and a precise STT‐MTJ compact model, Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out to evaluate its sensing performance.
Harvesting energy at resonance from standing waves on polymer piezoelectric ribbon‐like membrane
Authors: Prakash K. , Mahidhar R. , Sambandan S. 
Published: September 2013

Energy harvesting from standing waves on ribbon like membranes of polyvinylidene fluoride is investigated. At resonance, the energy density of 2 mW/gm suffices to power a ring oscillator load. A scaling law for harvestable energy as a function of ribbon length is developed.
Strategic placement of distribution network operator owned wind turbines by using market‐based optimal power flow
Authors: Mokryani Geev , Siano Pierluigi 
Published: September 2013

In this study, a new methodology to optimally allocate wind turbines (WTs) in distribution networks is proposed. A market‐based optimal power flow is used to determine the optimal numbers and capacities of WTs in a way that maximises the social welfare. The method is conceived for distribution network operators to strategically allocate WTs in distribution networks. The proposed method by yielding location‐specific WTs capacity settlement both in terms of cost reduction and consumers’ benefits is consistent with distribution network topology and constraints. The method is solved by using step‐controlled primal dual interior point method considering network constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with two radial distribution systems including an 84‐bus 11.4 kV and a 69‐bus 11 kV network.
Activity of striatal neurons reflects social action and own reward
Authors: Báez-Mendoza Raymundo , Harris Christopher J. , Schultz Wolfram 
Published: September 2013

Significance
A basic requirement for engaging in beneficial social interactions is to recognize the actor whose movement results in reward. We studied the neuronal correlates of social action and reward in the monkey striatum. Behaviorally, the animals distinguished between their own and their conspecific's reward and knew which individual acted. In a subset of striatal neurons, neuronal activity occurred preferentially when either the own or the conspecific's action was followed by own reward. Some of the social action activity disappeared when the conspecific's role was simulated by a computer, confirming a social rather than observational relationship. These findings demonstrate a role of striatal neurons in identifying the social actor and own reward in a social setting.
Sleep spindles in midday naps enhance learning in preschool children
Authors: Kurdziel Laura , Duclos Kasey , Spencer Rebecca M. C. 
Published: September 2013

Significance
Lacking scientific understanding of the function of naps in early childhood, policy makers may curtail preschool classroom nap opportunities due to increasing curriculum demands. Here we show evidence that classroom naps support learning in preschool children by enhancing memories acquired earlier in the day as compared with equivalent intervals spent awake.
Iceberg discharges of the last glacial period driven by oceanic circulation changes
Authors: Alvarez-Solas Jorge , Robinson Alexander , Montoya Marisa , Ritz Catherine 
Published: September 2013

Significance
Periodic episodes of massive iceberg discharges from the large Northern Hemispheric ice sheets into the North Atlantic Ocean occurred throughout the last glacial cycle. It is still not clear whether they resulted from internal ice dynamics alone or were possibly externally driven. Results of our simulations of the Laurentide Ice Sheet forced by oceanic circulation changes support the hypothesis that these ice discharges were induced by the collapse of a buttressing ice shelf and the subsequent acceleration of inland ice streams. This provides a new basis for understanding the dynamics of the coupled cryosphere–climate system of glacial cycles. Additionally, it has strong implications for the stability of the marine parts of the Antarctic ice sheet given anthropogenic oceanic warming.
A transformation for the mechanical fingerprints of complex biomolecular interactions
Authors: Zhang Yaojun , Dudko Olga K. 
Published: September 2013

Significance
A conversion between macromolecular shapes—a conformational change—is usually the mechanism that gives function to biological macromolecules. Single-molecule force spectroscopy probes conformational changes by applying force to individual macromolecules and recording their response, or “mechanical fingerprints”, in the form of force–extension curves. The mechanical fingerprints of proteins, nucleic acids, and their assemblies often feature elaborate signatures that reflect the complexity of the underlying biomolecular interactions. This study introduces a transformation that converts—in a model-free way—the mechanical fingerprints of a complex system into a map of force-dependent transition rates. Once transformed into a rate map, the mechanical fingerprints can be interpreted in terms of the activation barriers and the intrinsic timescales of a biological process.
Postsynaptic neural activity regulates neuronal addition in the adult avian song control system
Authors: Larson Tracy A. , Wang Tsu-Wei , Gale Samuel D. , Miller Kimberly E. , Thatra Nivretta M. , Caras Melissa L. , Perkel David J. , Brenowitz Eliot A. 
Published: September 2013

Significance
Neural activity in the adult brain plays a key role in mediating experience-dependent neural plasticity. We show that inhibiting electrical activity in the song nucleus, robust nucleus of the arcopallium, in adult bird brain decreases the number of new projection neurons added to the afferent nucleus HVC. Our results are consistent with the general principle of activity-based target selection of newborn neurons during nervous system development and support the idea that developmental and adult plasticity exploit similar mechanisms. Understanding mechanisms influencing the incorporation of new neurons into established neural circuits in adult brains is critical for our basic understanding of neural plasticity and for exploiting the clinical potential of neuronal replacement to repair damage associated with injury and neurodegenerative diseases.
Childhood abuse, parental warmth, and adult multisystem biological risk in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study
Authors: Carroll Judith E. , Gruenewald Tara L. , Taylor Shelley E. , Janicki-Deverts Denise , Matthews Karen A. , Seeman Teresa E. 
Published: September 2013

Significance
Adverse social relations in early life are thought to negatively influence health throughout the lifespan. The present findings provide a biological link regarding why negative early life experiences affect health and further suggest that a loving parental figure may provide protection. It is well recognized that providing children in adverse circumstances with a nurturing relationship is beneficial for their overall wellbeing. Our findings suggest that a loving relationship may also prevent the rise in biomarkers indicative of disease risk across numerous physiological systems, impacting adverse health outcomes decades later. The results contribute in a meaningful way to several biological literatures and to the social sciences and, as such, will have a substantial impact.
Crystalline polymorphism induced by charge regulation in ionic membranes
Authors: Leung Cheuk-Yui , Palmer Liam C. , Kewalramani Sumit , Qiao Baofu , Stupp Samuel I. , Olvera de la Cruz Monica , Bedzyk Michael J. 
Published: September 2013

Significance
The crystallization of molecules with polar and hydrophobic groups, such as ionic amphiphiles and proteins, is of paramount importance in biology and biotechnology. This combined X-ray scattering and theoretical study demonstrates how crystalline order within membranes formed by coassembled cationic and anionic amphiphiles can be controlled by varying pH and molecular tail length. Our work suggests design of bilayer membranes with specific crystalline arrangements at ambient temperature and physiologically relevant pH environments with suitable choice of headgroup and tail. Changes in crystallinity are likely to affect molecular diffusion rates across membranes and may enable control over the encapsulation and release of molecules within the membrane. Moreover, pH-induced crystalline transformations are likely used by organisms to control metabolic flow in harsh environments.
Structure and nucleic acid binding activity of the nucleoporin Nup157
Authors: Seo Hyuk-Soo , Blus Bartlomiej J. , Janković Nina Z. , Blobel Günter 
Published: September 2013

Significance
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a multiprotein gating complex that allows for bidirectional transport across the nuclear membrane. A key feature of the NPC is a central transport channel that can undergo regulated diameter changes, thus enabling the trafficking of cargo of various sizes. Surrounding this channel is a group of proteins, named “adaptor” nucleoporins, which are envisioned to accommodate and orchestrate these structural changes. Here we show the crystal structure of a fragment of an adaptor nucleoporin, Nup157, which forms a compact C-shaped architecture. Notably, Nup157 contains a positively charged surface consistent with its nucleic acid binding capacity. Furthermore, the predicted hinge regions in Nup157 suggest its flexibility in agreement with the plastic nature of the NPC.
Factors Associated with Hand Hygiene Compliance at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Kowitt Benjamin , Jefferson Julie , Mermel Leonard A. 
Published: September 2013

Objective.To identify factors associated with hand hygiene compliance during a multiyear period of intervention.Design.Observational study.Setting.A 719-bed tertiary care teaching hospital.Participants.Nursing, physician, technical, and support staff.Methods.Light-duty staff performed hand hygiene observations during the period July 2008-December 2012. Infection control implemented hospital-wide hand hygiene initiatives, including education modules; posters and table tents; feedback to units, medical directors and the executive board; and an increased number of automated alcohol hand hygiene product dispensers.Results.There were 161,526 unique observations; overall compliance was 83%. Significant differences in compliance were observed between physician staff (78%) and support staff (69%) compared with nursing staff (84%). Pediatric units (84%) and intensive care units (84%) had higher compliance than did medical (82%) and surgical units (81%). These findings persisted in the controlled multivariate model for noncompliance. Additional factors found to be significant in the model included greater compliance when healthcare workers were leaving patient rooms, when the patient was under contact precautions, and during the evening shift. The overall rate of compliance increased from 60% in the first year of observation to a peak of 96% in the fourth year, and it decreased to 89% in the final year, with significant improvements occurring in each of the 4 professional categories.Conclusions.A multipronged hand hygiene initiative is effective in increasing compliance rates among all categories of hospital workers. We identified a variety of factors associated with increased compliance. Additionally, we note the importance of continuous interventions in maintaining high compliance rates.