bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis: effect of preoperative infliximab use on early postoperative complications in patients with ulcerative colitis undergoing abdominal surgery
Authors: Yang Z. , Wu Q. , Wang F. , Wu K. , Fan D. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryBackgroundInfliximab is widely used in severe and refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). The results of clinical studies are inconsistent on whether preoperative infliximab use increases early postoperative complications in UC patients.AimTo determine the clinical safety and efficacy of preoperative infliximab treatment in UC patients with regard to short‐term outcomes following abdominal surgery.MethodsPubMed, Embase databases were searched for controlled observational studies comparing postsurgical morbidity in UC patients receiving infliximab preoperatively with those not on infliximab. The primary endpoint was total complication rate. Secondary endpoints included the rate of infectious and non‐infectious complications. We calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as summary measures.ResultsA total of 13 studies involving 2933 patients were included in our meta‐analysis. There was no significant association between infliximab therapy preoperatively and total (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.87–1.37, P = 0.47), infectious (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.51–2.38, P = 0.81) and non‐infectious (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.76–1.59, P = 0.61) postoperative complications respectively. Infliximab might be a protective factor against infection for the use within 12 weeks prior to surgery (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.22–0.83, P = 0.01). No publication bias was found.ConclusionPreoperative infliximab use does not increase the risk of early postoperative complications in patients with ulcerative colitis undergoing abdominal surgery.
Mobile evaporite controls on the structural style and evolution of rift basins: Danish Central Graben, North Sea
Authors: Duffy Oliver B. , Gawthorpe Rob L. , Docherty Matthew , Brocklehurst Simon H. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe Southern Tail‐End Graben, Danish Central Graben, is characterized by a lateral variation in the thickness and mobility of pre‐rift Zechstein Supergroup evaporites, allowing investigation of how supra‐basement evaporite variability influences rift structural style and tectono‐stratigraphy. The study area is divided into two structural domains based on interpretations of the depositional thickness and mobility of the Zechstein Supergroup. Within each domain, we examine the overall basin morphology and the structural styles in the pre‐Zechstein and supra‐Zechstein (cover) units. Furthermore, integration of two‐way travel‐time (TWT)‐structure and ‐thickness maps allows fault activity and evaporite migration maps to be generated for pre‐ and syn‐rift stratal units within the two domains, permitting constraints to be placed on: (i) the timing of activity on pre‐Zechstein and cover faults and (ii) the onset, duration and migration direction of mobile evaporites. The northern domain is interpreted to be free from evaporite‐influence, and has developed in a manner typical of brittle‐only, basement‐involved rifts. Syn‐rift basins display classical half‐graben geometries bounded by thick‐skinned faults. In contrast, the southern domain is interpreted to be evaporite‐influenced, and cover structure reflects a southward increase in the thickness and mobility of the Zechstein Supergroup evaporites. Fault‐related and evaporite‐related folding is prominent in the southern domain, together with variable degrees of decoupling of sub‐Zechstein and cover fault and fold systems. The addition of mobile evaporites to the rift results in: (i) complex and spatially variable modes of tectono‐stratigraphic evolution; (ii) syn‐rift stratal geometries which are condensed above evaporite swells and over‐thickened in areas of withdrawal; (iii) compartmentalized syn‐rift depocentres; and (iv) masking of rift‐related megasequence boundaries. Through demonstrating these deviations from the characteristics of rifts free from evaporite influence, we highlight the first order control evaporites may exert upon rift structural style and the distribution and thicknesses of syn‐rift units.
Long‐term results of concurrent chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin and vinorelbine for stage III non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Horinouchi Hidehito , Sekine Ikuo , Sumi Minako , Noda Kazumasa , Goto Koichi , Mori Kiyoshi , Tamura Tomohide 
Published: September 2012

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for unresectable stage III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The long‐term feasibility and efficacy of vinorelbine and cisplatin with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy were investigated. Eighteen patients received cisplatin (80 mg/m2) on day 1 and vinorelbine (20 mg/m2 in level 1, and 25 mg/m2 in level 2) on days 1 and 8 every 4 weeks for four cycles in a phase I trial. Ninety‐three patients received the same chemotherapy regimen except for the fixed vinorelbine (20 mg/m2) dosage and consolidation therapy with docetaxel (60 mg/m2, every 3 weeks). The thoracic radiotherapy consisted of a single dose of 2 Gy once daily to a total dose of 60 Gy. A total of 111 patients were analyzed in the present study: male/female, 91/20; median age, 60 years; stage IIIA/IIIB, 50/61; and squamous/non‐squamous histology, 26/85. The 3‐, 5‐, and 7‐year overall survival rates (95% CI) were 43.2% (33.9–52.2), 25.2% (17.6–33.5), and 23.2% (15.8–31.4), respectively. The median progression‐free survival and median survival time (95% CI) were 13.5 (10.1–16.7) months and 30.0 (24.3–38.8) months, respectively. Four patients (4%) experienced Grade 5 pulmonary toxicities from 4.4 to 9.4 months after the start of treatment. In conclusion, approximately 15% of patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC could be cured with chemoradiotherapy without severe late toxicities after 10 months of follow‐up. Although based on the data from highly selected population participated in phase I and phase II trial, this analysis would strengthen and confirm the previous reports concerning concurrent chemoradiotherapy with third generation cytotoxic agents. (Cancer Sci 2013; 104: 93–97)
Activity assessment has little impact on caries parameters reduction in epidemiological surveys with preschool children
Authors: Piovesan Chaiana , Ardenghi Thiago M. , Guedes Renata S. , Ekstrand Kim R. , Braga Mariana M. , Mendes Fausto M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the magnitude of the reduction in caries parameters after inclusion of dental caries activity assessment, in an epidemiological survey of preschool children, involving cavitated and noncavitated caries lesions.MethodsThe survey was carried out in Santa Maria, Brazil, during the National Children's Vaccination Day, and 639 children aged between 12 months and 59 months were included. Fifteen examiners assessed the children based on the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and additional lesion activity assessment criteria. The mean of decayed surfaces (d‐s), the mean of decayed teeth (d‐t), caries prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, initially by classifying all lesions using the various thresholds defined by the ICDAS. Caries activity status was then evaluated, and inactive lesions were classified as sound in a secondary analysis; subsequently, the same caries parameters, at the same thresholds, were recalculated. The reduction in caries parameters and the number of children requiring assessment to change their classification from decayed to sound (number needed to be assessed) were also calculated.ResultsThe majority of lesions were classified as active, mainly at cavitated thresholds. When activity was considered, values of all caries parameters decreased. This decrease was more evident at noncavitated thresholds. The number of children requiring assessment to change their classification from decayed to sound was <20 considering all lesions, but this value increased to approximately 100 when we included only cavitated lesions.ConclusionsThe inclusion of activity assessment in caries epidemiological surveys has little impact on the d‐s, d‐t and prevalence of dental caries considering both noncavitated and cavitated lesions.
Cytokine regulation of the epidermal barrier
Authors: Gutowska‐Owsiak D. , Ogg G. S. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryStudies published in recent years have highlighted the role of epidermal barrier defects in both atopic skin disease and the development of broader allergic manifestations. While genetic determinants of barrier function are important, it is clear that local acquired effects are also involved in disease pathogenesis. In this review, we aimed to summarize the known influences of cytokines abundantly expressed during atopic skin disease on components of epidermal barrier integrity and function.
The association between BMI, vigorous physical activity and television viewing and the risk of symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in children and adolescents: ISAAC Phase Three
Authors: Mitchell E. A. , Beasley R. , Björkstén B. , Crane J. , García‐Marcos L. , Keil U. ,   the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group
Published: September 2012

SummaryBackgroundSeveral studies have observed an association between obesity and asthma, but whether or not there is an association with rhinoconjunctivitis or eczema is unclear.AimsTo examine the relationship between body mass index categories (underweight, overweight and obesity), vigorous physical activity and television viewing and the risk of symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema.MethodsAs part of International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three, parents or guardians of children aged 6–7 years completed written questionnaires about symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema, and several potential risk factors, such as vigorous physical activity and television viewing, and other information such as the child's height and weight. Adolescents aged 13–14 years self‐completed the questionnaires on these symptoms and potential risk factors and reported their own height and weight. For 28% of children and 24% of adolescents, the height and weight was objectively measured.ResultsA total of 76 164 children aged 6–7 years (from 29 centres and 17 countries) and 201 370 adolescents aged 13–14 years (from 73 centres and 35 countries) provided data meeting the inclusion criteria. There were associations between overweight and obesity, but not underweight, and symptoms of asthma and eczema but not rhinoconjunctivitis. Vigorous physical activity was positively associated with symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in adolescents, but not children. Viewing television for five or more hours/day was associated with an increased risk of symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in adolescents and symptoms of asthma in children.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThis study has confirmed the association between overweight and obesity and symptoms of asthma. It has extended these observations to include significant associations with symptoms of eczema, but not rhinoconjunctivitis. There are complex relationships between obesity, vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviour and the symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in children.
Co‐inheritance of HNF1a and GCK mutations in a family with maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY): implications for genetic testing
Authors: López‐Garrido M. P. , Herranz‐Antolín S. , Alija‐Merillas M. J. , Giralt P. , Escribano J. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryObjectiveTo determine the genetic basis of dominant early‐onset diabetes mellitus in two families.Patients and methodsMolecular analysis by PCR sequencing of the promoter, the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) and exons of both GCK and HNF1A genes was carried out in two families with clinically diagnosed dominant diabetes mellitus.ResultsThe novel HNF1A c.‐154_‐160TGGGGGT mutation, located in the 5′ UTR, was present in several members of the two families in the heterozygous state. Interestingly, the GCK p.Y61X mutation was also identified in three members of one of the families, and two of them carried both mutations in heterozygosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the co‐inheritance of GCK and HNF1A mutations and the coexistence of maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY) 2, MODY 3 and unusual MODY 2–3 genotypes in the same family.ConclusionsCarriers of both GCK and HNF1A mutations manifested a typical MODY 3 phenotype and showed that the presence of a second mutation in the GCK gene apparently did not modify the clinical outcome, at least at the time of this study. Our data show that co‐inheritance of MODY 2 and MODY 3 mutations should be considered, at least in some cases, for accurate genetic testing.
Effect of cholecystokinin on rectal motor and sensory function in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and healthy controls
Authors: van der Schaar P. J. , van Hoboken E. , Ludidi S , Masclee A. A. M. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAim  Ingestion of a meal frequently induces an urge to defaecate, the so‐called gastro‐colonic or gastro‐rectal reflex. In patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), symptoms are often provoked by meals. Cholecystokinin (CCK), a proximal gut peptide released after ingestion of a meal, may mediate these postprandial changes. The potential role of CCK in rectal sensory and motor function was evaluated by a rectal barostat study in healthy controls and patients with IBS.Method  The sensory effects on serosal and mucosal receptors were studied. Twelve healthy controls and 12 patients with IBS underwent a ramp distension procedure of the rectum during infusion of CCK and placebo in random order. In 10 other healthy controls and 10 IBS patients an intermittent distension procedure was performed during infusion of CCK and placebo in random order.Results  No differences were found in rectal compliance during ramp distensions between IBS patients and controls. CCK did not affect perception of urge and pain in controls or in IBS patients. Similar results were obtained during the intermittent distensions, but at higher distension pressures CCK significantly increased rectal sensitivity in IBS patients.Conclusion  Infusion of exogenous CCK to plasma levels normally seen in the postprandial state did not influence rectal motor function or sensations during ramp distension but it did significantly increase pain sensation in IBS patients during rapid intermittent distension.
Quality of recipient–caregiver relationship and psychological distress are correlates of self‐care agency after lung transplantation
Authors: DeVito Dabbs Annette , Terhorst Lauren , Song Mi‐Kyung , Shellmer Diana A. , Aubrecht Jill , Connolly Mary , Dew Mary Amanda 
Published: September 2012

AbstractSelf‐care behaviors are crucial for following the complex regimen after lung transplantation, yet little is known about recipients' levels of self‐care agency (the capability and willingness to engage in self‐care behaviors) and its correlates. We examined levels of self‐care agency and recipient characteristics (socio‐demographics, psychological distress, quality of relationship with primary lay caregiver, and health locus of control) in 111 recipients. Based on Perceived Self‐Care Agency scores, recipients were assigned to either the low‐ or high‐self‐care agency comparison group. Characteristics were compared between groups to identify characteristics likely to be associated with lower‐self‐care agency. Mean (SD) score for self‐care agency (scale range, 53–265) was 223.02 (22.46). Recipients with lowest‐self‐care agency scores reported significantly poorer quality of caregiver relationships (p < 0.001) and greater psychological distress (p < 0.001). After controlling for psychological distress, the quality of the recipient–caregiver relationship remained significantly associated with self‐care agency. Every one‐point decrease in the quality of caregiver relationship increased the risk of low‐self‐care agency by 12%. Recipients with poorer caregiver relationships and greater psychological distress may need additional support to perform the self‐care behaviors expected after lung transplantation.
Immediate renal transplantation after radical prostatectomy for low‐risk prostate cancer
Authors: Kreydin Evgeniy I. , Ko Dicken S. C. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIntroductionFor most cancers, a two‐ to five‐yr period with no evidence of disease must be demonstrated before organ transplantation. The natural history of prostate cancer is unique both because of extensive pre‐treatment screening and the ease of post‐treatment monitoring for recurrence. Using available predictive models for prostate cancer recurrence, we examine whether current evidence supports a prolonged waiting period after radical prostatectomy and before renal transplantation.Materials and MethodsA MedLine search was conducted to identify five series (published between 2000 and 2011), which examined biochemical recurrence (BCR) after prostatectomy for low‐risk prostate cancer. The likelihood of BCR at one, two, and five yr after radical prostatectomy was identified for each series.ResultsEach of the analyzed series demonstrated that the likelihood of BCR after radical prostatectomy for low‐risk prostate cancer was identical at one, two, and five yr and did not exceed 5%.ConclusionsThe likelihood of BCR does not increase during the first five yr after radical prostatectomy for low‐risk prostate cancer. Additionally, the risk of recurrence approaches zero during this period. Therefore, current evidence does not support the mandated waiting period of five yr before organ transplantation.
Whole genome duplication in a threatened grassland plant and the efficacy of seed transfer zones
Authors: Severns Paul M. , Bradford Emma , Liston Aaron 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimSeed transfer zones are geographically defined areas in which the interpopulation mixing of plant propagules is presumed to be genetically beneficial and unlikely to result in outbreeding depression. Crossing between individuals that differ in ploidy (the number of whole genome duplications) commonly produces sterile or mostly sterile progeny, but the landscape distribution and occurrence of polyploids is poorly known for rare plants. Seed transfer zones could provide adequate protection for rare plants with unrecognized ploidy variation provided that the distribution of ploidal variants coincides with seed zone delineations. We studied the range‐wide distribution of polyploids in a threatened legume to determine whetherU.S. Fish andWildlifeService endorsed seed transfer zones have adequate protection from inadvertent mixing of individuals with non‐matching ploidy.LocationPacificNorthwest,USA.MethodsWe used genotyping with nuclearDNAsimple sequence repeats and flow cytometry to screen for the presence of polyploids over the known range ofLupinus oreganus(Fabaceae).ResultsGenotyping (895 plants) and flow cytometry (198 plants) from 34 populations revealed that mixed‐ploidy and polyploid populations were not limited to the margins of the species range. Both mixed‐ploidy and polyploid populations occurred within every seed transfer zone and the nearest population (within each zone) appeared to be composed entirely of diploid individuals.Main conclusionsLupinus oreganusseed recovery zones, assumed to be ‘genetically safe’ areas to transfer seed among populations, would not prevent the mixing of incompatible ploidal lineages. ForL. oreganus, and other rare plant species with undocumented differences in whole genome duplication, interpopulation mixing without precautionary genetic screening could compromise the success of conservation projects involving interpopulation seed transfer. We recommend screening rare plant populations for variation in whole genome duplication prior to the implementation of interpopulation seed mixing projects.
Dragonflies: climate canaries for river management
Authors: Bush A. , Theischinger G. , Nipperess D. , Turak E. , Hughes L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimFreshwater ecosystems are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Where long‐term datasets are available, shifts in species phenology, species distributions and community structure consistent with a climate change signal have already been observed. Identifying trends across the wider landscape, to guide management in response to this threat, is limited by the resolution of sampling. Standard biomonitoring of macroinvertebrates for water‐quality purposes is currently not well suited to the detection of climate change effects, and there are risks that substantial changes will occur before a management response can be made. This study investigated whether dragonflies, frequently recommended as general indicators of ecological health, are also suitable as indicators of climate change.LocationData were analysed from standard bio‐assessment monitoring at over 850 sites spanning a 9° latitudinal gradient in eastern Australia.MethodsUsing variation partitioning, we analysed the proportion of assemblage turnover in dragonflies and other macroinvertebrate assemblages that can be explained by climate and other environmental drivers. We also tested whether the utility of dragonflies as indicators improved at higher taxonomic resolution and whether the turnover of dragonfly assemblages was congruent with that of other groups.ResultsClimate explained three times as much variation in turnover of dragonfly species than dragonfly and other macroinvertebrate assemblages at family level. The dissimilarity of dragonflies and varying turnover in each macroinvertebrate assemblage meant surrogacy amongst groups were low.Main conclusionsOn the basis of the influence of climate on turnover of macroinvertebrate assemblages, dragonfly species distribution appears highly sensitive to climatic factors, making this taxon a potential useful indicator of climate change responses. However, the low surrogacy amongst assemblages also suggests that a shift in the focus of conservation management from specific taxa to the functional composition of assemblages across a diverse range of habitats is needed.
Elevated 1‐h plasma glucose following 75‐g oral glucose load is a predictor of arterial stiffness in subjects with normal glucose tolerance
Authors: Niijima K. , Muranaka Y. , Ando T. , Okada S. , Niijima Y. , Hashimoto K. , Yamada M. , Ohshima K. , Mori M. , Ono K. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAimsThe study aimed to investigate arterial stiffness in subjects with normal glucose tolerance.MethodsBMI, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, lipid variables, ankle–brachial pressure index and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity were measured in 2059 subjects from Takasaki city, located approximately 100 km north of Tokyo in Japan. Following a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test, only subjects with normal glucose tolerance were selected.ResultsOne‐hour post‐challenge plasma glucose levels were correlated with brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity values (r = 0.340, P < 0.0001). When subjects with normal glucose tolerance were divided into three groups—group 1 (1‐h plasma glucose < 8.56 mmol/l, n = 1595), group 2 (1‐h plasma glucose ≥ 8.56 and < 10.17 mmol/l, n = 334) and group 3 (1‐h plasma glucose ≥ 10.17 mmol/l, n = 130)—the brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity of group 3 (1473 ± 322 cm/s) was significantly higher than that of group 2 (1355 ± 252 cm/s) and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity of group 2 was also significantly higher than that of group 1 (1275 ± 212 cm/s).ConclusionsWe have identified that, in normal glucose tolerance, arterial stiffness is advanced in subjects with higher 1‐h post‐challenge plasma glucose in spite of the normal range for BMI, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and lipid variables. Higher 1‐h plasma glucose level is a risk factor for arterial stiffness in normal glucose tolerance.