bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The miR172/TOE3 module regulates resistance to tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco
Authors: Jiao Bolei , Peng Qiding , Wu Baijun , Liu Sucen , Zhou Jingya , Yuan Bowen , Lin Honghui , Xi Dehui 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYThe outcome of certain plant–virus interaction is symptom recovery, which is accompanied with the emergence of asymptomatic tissues in which the virus accumulation decreased dramatically. This phenomenon shows the potential to reveal critical molecular factors for controlling viral disease. MicroRNAs act as master regulators in plant growth, development, and immunity. However, the mechanism by which miRNA participates in regulating symptom recovery remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that miR172 was scavenged in the recovered tissue of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)‐infected Nicotiana tabacum plants. Overexpression of miR172 promoted TMV infection, whereas silencing of miR172 inhibited TMV infection. Then, TARGET OF EAT3 (TOE3), an APETALA2 transcription factor, was identified as a downstream target of miR172. Overexpression of NtTOE3 significantly improved plant resistance to TMV infection, while knockout of NtTOE3 facilitated virus infection. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis indicated that TOE3 promoted the expression of defense‐related genes, such as KL1 and MLP43. Overexpression of these genes conferred resistance of plant against TMV infection. Importantly, results of dual‐luciferase assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation‐quantitative PCR, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay proved that TOE3 activated the transcription of KL1 and MLP43 by binding their promoters. Moreover, overexpression of rTOE3 (the miR172‐resistant form of TOE3) significantly reduced TMV accumulation compared to the overexpression of TOE3 (the normal form of TOE3) in miR172 overexpressing Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Taken together, our study reveals the pivotal role of miR172/TOE3 module in regulating plant immunity and in the establishment of recovery in virus‐infected tobacco plants, elucidating a regulatory mechanism integrating plant growth, development, and immune response.
Anti‐HNA testing of allo‐exposed COVID‐19 convalescent plasma donors including genetic human neutrophil antigen screening to prevent anti‐HNA antibody‐mediated transfusion‐related acute lung injury
Authors: Guz Katarzyna , Łopacz Patrycja , Uhrynowska Małgorzata , Piaskowska Karolina , Szczepaniak Beata , Krzemienowska Magdalena , Purchla‐Szepioła Sylwia , Główka Anna , Głodkowska‐Mrówka Eliza , Orzińska Agnieszka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransfusion‐related acute lung injury caused by antibodies against human neutrophil antigens (HNA) is a serious but rare complication associated with blood transfusion. The presence of such antibodies is most probable in donors with a transfusion/pregnancy history. During the COVID‐19 pandemic period convalescent plasma (CP) containing neutralizing antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 was widely used for COVID‐19 patients as a therapy in the absence of any treatment. The aim of the study was to work out a simple diagnostic algorithm of anti‐HNA testing of allo‐exposed CP donors including genetic HNA screening.Materials and MethodsA total of 457 anti‐HLA‐negative allo‐exposed CP donors were genotyped for HNA‐1a/1b, HNA‐3a/3b, and HNA‐2, and only donors with homozygous HNA‐1a/1a; HNA‐3b/3b; or HNA‐2null genotypes were tested for anti‐HNA antibody using LabScreenMulti (One Lambda) and homozygous HNA‐1b/1b using the granulocyte immunofluorescence test (GIFT) but verified using LabScreenMulti.ResultsTesting of 83 homozygous HNA‐3b/3b; HNA‐2null; or HNA‐1a/1a donors revealed anti‐HNA‐3a antibody in one case. Testing of 181 HNA‐1b/1b donors using GIFT gave 10 ambiguous results verified using LabScreenMulti which confirmed anti‐HNA‐1a antibody in one case. The frequency of FCGR3B*01 and *04 encoding HNA‐1a was 0.34; FCGR3B*02, *03, and *05 encoding HNA‐1b—0.66; SLC44A2*01 encoding HNA‐3a—0.80; and SLC44A2*02 encoding HNA‐3b—0.20. In 3.7% cases the HNA‐2null genotype was revealed.DiscussionDue to applying HNA genotyping as a primary test before anti‐HNA antibody testing the serological work was limited only to HNA‐homozygous donors revealing two anti‐HNA immunized donors. The distribution of HNA genotypes in the cohort was similar to other Caucasian populations.
Intervention combinations within multimodal prehabilitation and their effect on health-related quality of life, fatigue, and adherence in the adult cancer population: an umbrella review protocol
Authors: Csontos Judit , Edwards Deborah , Gillen Elizabeth , Ferreira Semedo Lenira , Hopkinson Jane 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
This umbrella review will investigate intervention combinations that are provided as multimodal prehabilitation and their effect on health-related quality of life, fatigue, and adherence in the adult cancer population.

Introduction:
Cancer and treatment-related long-term and late effects are a significant source of impairment worldwide. Multimodal prehabilitation has been the subject of intense research in recent years due to its potential to improve cancer treatment and surgical outcomes. Prehabilitation has been provided in different combinations of exercise, nutrition, and psychological support, although evidence of effectiveness varies in the literature.

Inclusion criteria:
The review will consider quantitative and mixed methods (segregated approach) systematic reviews investigating the effectiveness of multimodal prehabilitation compared with any other or no intervention for adults with cancer (≥18 years). Systematic reviews focusing solely on unimodal prehabilitation or rehabilitation during or after cancer treatment will be excluded.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for umbrella reviews. The following databases will be searched from 2001 onwards: MEDLINE, Emcare, PsycINFO, and AMED (Ovid); CINAHL (EBSCOhost); PEDro; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; and Epistemonikos. Backchaining and forward citation tracking will also be performed. Organizational websites will be searched for relevant gray literature. Two reviewers will perform title/abstract and full-text screening against the inclusion criteria, and disagreements will be resolved via discussion or a third reviewer. Relevant population, intervention, and outcome data will be extracted from included full-text documents, and the quality of reports will be determined using the JBI checklist for systematic reviews. The results will be presented in tabular and narrative format.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42024511601
CRP improves the survival and competitive fitness of
Salmonella
Typhimurium under starvation by controlling the cellular maintenance rate
Authors: Mishra L. K. , Shashidhar R. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Catabolite repression is a mechanism of selectively utilizing preferred nutrient sources by redirecting the metabolic pathways. Therefore, it prevents non-essential energy expenditure by repressing the genes and proteins involved in the metabolism of other less favored nutrient sources. Catabolite repressor protein (CRP) is a chief mediator of catabolite repression in microorganisms. In this context, we investigated the role of CRP in starvation tolerance, at both cell physiology and molecular level, by comparing the growth, survival, competitive fitness, maintenance rate, and gene and protein expression of wild type (WT) and ∆
crp
of
Salmonella
Typhimurium, under nutrient-rich and minimal medium condition. The ∆
crp
shows slow growth upon the arrival of nutrient-limiting conditions, poor survival under prolong-starvation, and inability to compete with its counterpart WT strain in nutrient-rich [Luria broth (LB)] and glucose-supplemented M9 minimal medium. Surprisingly, we observed that the survival and competitive fitness of ∆
crp
are influenced by the composition of the growth medium. Consequently, compared to the glucose-supplemented M9 medium, ∆
crp
shows faster death and a higher maintenance rate in the LB medium. The comparative gene and protein expression studies of WT and ∆
crp
in LB medium show that ∆
crp
has partial or complete loss of repression from CRP-controlled genes, resulting in a high abundance of hundreds of proteins in ∆
crp
compared to WT. Subsequently, the addition of metabolizable sugar or fresh nutrients to the competing culture showed extended survival of ∆
crp
. Therefore, our results suggest that CRP-mediated gene repression improves starvation tolerance and competitive fitness of
Salmonella
Typhimurium by adapting its cellular maintenance rate to environmental conditions.

IMPORTANCE

Salmonella
Typhimurium is a master at adapting to chronic starvation conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms to adapt to such conditions are still unknown. In this context, we have evaluated the role of catabolite repressor protein (CRP), a dual transcriptional regulator, in providing survival and competitive fitness under starvation conditions. Also, it showed an association between CRP and nutrient composition. We observed that Δ
crp
growing on alternate carbon sources has lower survival and competitive fitness than Δ
crp
growing on glucose as a carbon source. We observed that this is due to the loss of repression from the glucose and CRP-controlled genes, resulting in elevated cellular metabolism (a high maintenance rate) of the Δ
crp
during growth in a medium having a carbon source other than glucose (e.g., Luria broth medium).
Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis suppression is common among women during US Army Basic Combat Training
Authors: Popp Kristin L , Bozzini Brittany N , Reynoso Marinaliz , Coulombe Jennifer , Guerriere Katelyn I , Proctor Susan P , Castellani Colleen M , Walker Leila A , Zurinaga Nicholas , Kuhn Katherine , Foulis Stephen A , Bouxsein Mary L , Hughes Julie M , Santoro Nanette 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveLess than half of servicewomen report loss of menses during initial military training. However, self-reported menstrual status may not accurately reflect hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis suppression and may underestimate reproductive health consequences of military training. Our aim was to characterise HPO axis function during US Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) in non-hormonal contraceptive-using women and explore potential contributors to HPO axis suppression.MethodsIn this 10-week prospective observational study, we enrolled multi-ethnic women entering BCT. Trainees provided daily first-morning voided urine, and weekly blood samples during BCT. Urinary luteinising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and metabolites of estradiol and progesterone were measured by chemiluminescent assays (Siemens Centaur XP) to determine hormone patterns and luteal activity. We measured body composition, via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, at the beginning and end of BCT.ResultsTrainees (n=55) were young (mean (95% CI): 22 (22, 23) years) with average body mass index (23.9 (23.1, 24.7) kg/m2). Most trainees (78%) reported regular menstrual cycles before BCT. During BCT, 23 (42%) trainees reported regular menses. However, only seven trainees (12.5%) had menstrual cycles with evidence of luteal activity (ELA) (ie, presumed ovulation), all with shortened luteal phases. 41 trainees (75%) showed no ELA (NELA), and 7 (12.5%) were categorised as indeterminant. Overall, women gained body mass and lean mass, but lost fat mass during BCT. Changes in body mass and composition appear unrelated to luteal activity.ConclusionsOur findings reveal profound HPO axis suppression with NELA in the majority of women during BCT. This HPO axis suppression occurs among women who report normal menstrual cycles.
#BeSeen: understanding young people’s views of the motivation and impacts of sharing self-harm imagery online and use of their social media data for research—a UK participatory arts-led qualitative study
Authors: Dekel Dana , Marchant Amanda , Smith Todd , Morgan Harley , Tombs Sarah , Khanom Ashrafunnesa , Ingham Karen , John Ann 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThis study explored the views of young people from diverse backgrounds, with or without a history of self-harm, on the motivation and impacts of sharing self-harm imagery online and the use of their social media data for mental health research.DesignThematic analysis of 27 semi-structured one-to-one interviews.SettingTwo workshops were conducted in 2021.ParticipantsWe recruited 27 study participants aged 16–24 (60% male). Sixteen (59%) participants were refugee and asylum seekers (RAS).ResultsTwo main themes were generated: (1)Online imagery of self-harmcaptured perceived motivations for sharing such images, the potential impacts on others and possible need of censorship. This theme was characterised by mixed attitudes towards motivations for sharing, with some perceiving this as attention seeking, while others thought of it as help seeking or sharing of pain. Overall, participants agreed that images of self-harm can be triggering and should include trigger warnings. (2)Data sharing for mental health and self-harm researchcaptured views on the use of social media posts and images for research purposes, and levels of trust in public and private organisations. It outlined positive views on their data being shared for research for public benefit, but highlighted issues of consent. The two most trusted organisations to hold and conduct research were the National Health Service and Universities. Participants from the RAS group were more inclined to agree to their data being used and had higher levels of trust in government.ConclusionYoung people care about their privacy and use of their data even when it is publicly available. Coproduction with young people of resources to support understanding and develop innovative solutions to gaining informed consent for data sharing and research for public benefit is required. Young people from excluded communities, post-immigration RAS and males should be purposively involved in future social media research.
Efficacy of linaclotide in combination with polyethylene glycol for bowel preparation in Chinese patients undergoing colonoscopy polypectomy: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhao Hui-Ying , Cai Xiao-Feng , Chen Ping-Ping , Wang Xiao-Bin , Liu Chao-Xu , Chen Dong , Xu Jing 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundAdequate bowel preparation is essential for successful colonoscopy and polypectomy procedures. However, a significant proportion of patients still exhibit suboptimal bowel preparation, ranging from 18% to 35%. The effectiveness of bowel preparation agents can be hampered by volume and taste, adversely affecting patient compliance and tolerance. Therefore, exploring strategies to minimise laxative volume and improve patient tolerance and adherence is imperative to ensure optimal bowel preparation quality.Methods and analysisThis study is a two-arm, single-blinded, parallel-group randomised controlled trial designed to compare the efficacy of 2 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) combined with linaclotide with 4 L PEG in bowel cleansing. A total of 422 participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group (2 L PEG combined with 580 µg linaclotide) or the control group (4 L PEG). The primary outcome measure is bowel cleansing efficacy, which is assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Secondary outcomes include evaluating the tolerability and safety of the bowel preparation regimens, bowel diary assessments, postpolypectomy complications (such as bleeding and perforation) and the size and number of removed polyps.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received approval from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The findings of this trial will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians and patients undergoing colonoscopy polypectomy by guiding the selection of appropriate bowel preparation regimens. Study findings will be disseminated to participants, presented at professional society meetings, and published in peer-reviewed journals. This trial was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with registration number ChiCTR2300075410
Effectiveness of a home-based peer support programme for Chinese mothers with low breastfeeding self-efficacy to increase the exclusivity and duration of breastfeeding: study protocol of a randomised control trial
Authors: Lok Kris Yuet Wan , Choi Martha Sin Lam , Ko Rachel Wai Tung , Chau Patsy P H , Lam Christine Chi Oi , Chang Yan-Shing , Bick Debra 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionBreastfeeding is associated with many health benefits for both women and their newborns. Exclusive breastfeeding has been recommended for at least 6 months to optimise infant growth, development and health. In addition to standard care, community-based peer support is recommended to help mothers improve breastfeeding. A recent survey reveals that the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months post partum in Hong Kong is low, and half of all breastfeeding mothers never exclusively breastfeed. Taking into account the local practice for women to stay home during the first month post partum and social isolation during and post-COVID-19 pandemic, a home-based peer support programme with the aid of Zoom or Facetime is proposed. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based breastfeeding peer support programme in improving breastfeeding practices and achieving exclusive breastfeeding rate among women with low breastfeeding self-efficacy.Methods and analysisThe study is a two-armed randomised control trial and will include a total of 442 participants. Potential cases will be recruited and screened at four postnatal wards in Hong Kong public hospital. Eligible and consented cases will be randomly allocated into intervention or control groups at a 1:1 ratio. Control group (n=221) will receive standard care, while the intervention group (n=221) will receive home-based peer support as well as standard care. Trained peer counsellors will provide breastfeeding-related support through Zoom or Facetime at 10 days and 1 month post partum. Telephone follow-ups will be conducted at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 6 months post partum. Breastfeeding status, mother’s breastfeeding self-efficacy and postpartum depression will be assessed and compared between the two arms.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong and Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster (UW 20-564). The findings will be updated in trial registries and disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04621266.
Simulation of loading and unloading through ramps of different configuration: effects on the ease of handling and physiological response of pigs of two slaughter weights
Authors: Zoratti Aloma , Vero Jessica Gonçalves , Genova Jansller Luiz , Devillers Nicolas , Conte Sabine , Bridi Ana Maria , Piasentier Edi , Faucitano Luigi 
Published: July 2024

Behaviour, heart rate (HR), and blood lactate concentration of 144 pigs, equally distributed into lighter (L, 122 kg on average) and heavier (H, 153 kg on average) groups, were assessed to study the effects of slaughter weight on pigs’ response to a simulated loading and unloading procedure using four ramp configurations, i.e., 0° (level ramp), 15° slope and 1.66 m length, 15° slope and 2.71 m length (15°LO), and 25° slope and 1.66 m. No interaction was found between ramp configuration and slaughter weight ( P > 0.10). The frequencies of pigs’ slips or falls ( P = 0.01) increased on sloped ramps compared to the floor level ( Padj < 0.05), and pigs jumped-off more from the 25° than the 15°LO ramp ( Padj = 0.05). Pigs negotiating the 25° slope ramp presented a higher concentration of blood lactate than those walking at the floor level ( P = 0.02). When compared to L pigs, H pigs were more reluctant to move ( P = 0.05), and presented higher increments of HR (ΔHR) during handling ( P = 0.03). In conclusion, heavier pigs were more difficult to handle, regardless of the ramp steepness, which alone reduced ease of handling and affected the physiological condition of pigs.
Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Cricula trifenestrata (Helfer) among lepidopteran insects
Authors: Singh Deepika , Mosahari Ponnala Vimal , Sharma Pragya , Neog Kartik , Bora Utpal 
Published: July 2024

Cricula trifenestrata Helfer (commonly known as Amphutukoni muga/Cricula silkworm), a wild sericigenous insect produces golden yellow silk similar to Antheraea assamensis (muga silkworm), with significant potential as a natural fiber and biomaterial. Cricula is considered as a pest as it competes for food with muga, which produces the prized golden silk. This study focuses on decoding the mitochondrial genome of C. trifenestrata using next-generation sequencing technology and includes comparative analysis with Bombycoids and other lepidopteran insects. We found that the Cricula mitogenome spans 15 425 bp and exhibits typical gene content and arrangement consistent with other Saturniids and lepidopterans. All protein-coding genes were found to undergo purifying selection, with the highest and lowest conservation observed in the cox1 and atp8 gene, respectively, indicating their potential role in future evolutionary events. We identified two types of mismatches: 23 “G–U” and 6 “U–U” pairs, similar to those found in Actias selene among the Saturniids. Additionally, our study uncovered the presence of two 33 bp repeat units and a “TTAGA” motif in the control region, in contrast to the typical “ATAGA” motif, suggesting functional similarity with evolving sequences. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis supports the close relationship of Cricula with other species within the Saturniidae family.