bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macrophages play a crucial role in vascular smooth muscle cell coverage
Authors: Niimi Kenta , Nakae Jun , Kubota Yoshiaki , Inagaki Shinobu , Furuyama Tatsuo 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The microvascular system consists of two cell types: endothelial and mural (pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells; VSMCs) cells. Communication between endothelial and mural cells plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis; however, in vivo molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying mural cell development remain unclear. In this study, we found that macrophages played a crucial role in TGFβ-dependent pericyte-to-VSMC differentiation during retinal vasculature development. In mice with constitutively active Foxo1 overexpression, substantial accumulation of TGFβ1-producing macrophages and pericytes around the angiogenic front region was observed. Additionally, the TGFβ-SMAD pathway was activated in pericytes adjacent to macrophages, resulting in excess ectopic α-smooth muscle actin-positive VSMCs. Furthermore, we identified endothelial SEMA3C as an attractant for macrophages. In vivo neutralization of SEMA3C rescued macrophage accumulation and ectopic VSMC phenotypes in the mice, as well as drug-induced macrophage depletion. Therefore, macrophages play an important physiological role in VSMC development via the FOXO1-SEMA3C pathway.
Role of the dengue vaccine TAK-003 in an outbreak response: Modeling the Sri Lanka experience
Authors: Fernando LakKumar , Kastner Randee , Wickramasinghe Pujitha , Fernando Asvini D. , Gunasekera Dulanie , Nguyen Van Hung , Liu Mengya , LeFevre Inge , Wallace Derek , Folschweiller Nicolas , Biswal Shibadas 
Published: August 2024

Background
Outbreaks of dengue can overburden hospital systems, drastically reducing capacity for other care. The 2017 dengue serotype 2 (DENV-2) outbreak in Sri Lanka coincided with vaccination in an ongoing phase 3 efficacy trial of a tetravalent dengue vaccine, TAK-003 (NCT02747927). Here, we present data on the efficacy of TAK-003 following two doses of the vaccine administered 3 months apart in participants aged 4–16 years in Sri Lanka. In addition, we have used the 2017 outbreak dynamics to model the potential impact of TAK-003 on virologically confirmed dengue (VCD) cases and hospitalizations during an outbreak situation.

Methodology/principal findings
Modeling was performed using an age-structured, host-vector, spatial and stochastic transmission model, assuming 65% vaccine coverage and 30 days until initiation of vaccination. Efficacy of TAK-003 against VCD and hospitalized VCD cases was based on data against DENV-2 from the first year of the phase 3 trial. Vaccine efficacy and safety findings in Sri Lanka were in line with those of the overall trial population. The efficacy estimates in Sri Lanka up to the first 12 months after the second dose of TAK-003 were 94.7% and 95.7% against VCD and hospitalized VCD cases, respectively. Modeling of the trial data over an extended geographic area showed a substantial reduction in cases and a flattening of outbreak curves from TAK-003 use. The baseline vaccination scenario (initiation at 30 days, 65% target coverage, vaccine effective at 14 days, 70% hospitalization rate, VE of 95% for VCD and 97% for hospitalized VCD, and 47% for asymptomatic) resulted in a 69.1% reduction in VCD cases and 72.7% reduction in VCD hospitalizations compared with no vaccination. An extreme high scenario (vaccination initiated at Day 15, 80% coverage rate, baseline VE) resulted in 80.3% and 82.3% reduction in VCD and VCD hospitalizations, respectively. Vaccine performance, speed of vaccination campaign initiation, and vaccine coverage were key drivers in reducing VCD cases and hospitalizations.

Conclusions/significance
Overall, the study and modeling results indicate that TAK-003 has the potential of meaningful utility in dengue outbreaks in endemic areas.
Exploring the role of non-coding RNAs in atrial septal defect pathogenesis: A systematic review
Authors: AmiRsardari Zahra , Gholipour Akram , Khajali Zahra , Maleki Majid , Malakootian Mahshid 
Published: August 2024

Background
Extensive research has recognized the significant roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in various cellular pathophysiological processes and their association with diverse diseases, including atrial septal defect (ASD), one of the most prevalent congenital heart diseases. This systematic review aims to explore the intricate involvement and significance of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of ASD.

Methods
Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Web of Science) were searched systematically up to June 19, 2023, with no year restriction. The risk of bias assessment was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results
The present systematic review included thirteen studies with a collective study population of 874 individuals diagnosed with ASD, 21 parents of ASD patients, and 22 pregnant women carrying ASD fetuses. Our analysis revealed evidence linking five long ncRNAs (STX18-AS1, HOTAIR, AA709223, BX478947, and Moshe) and several microRNAs (hsa-miR-19a, hsa-miR-19b, hsa-miR-375, hsa-miR-29c, miR-29, miR-143/145, miR-17-92, miR-106b-25, and miR-503/424, miR-9, miR-30a, miR-196a2, miR-139-5p, hsa-let-7a, hsa-let-7b, and hsa-miR-486) to ASD progression, corresponding to previous studies.

Conclusions
NcRNAs play a crucial role in unraveling the underlying mechanisms of ASD, contributing to both biomarker discovery and therapeutic advancements. This systematic review sheds light on the mechanisms of action of key ncRNAs involved in ASD progression, providing valuable insights for future research in this field.
Decomposition of economic inequalities in dental caries among Iranian schoolchildren
Authors: Khoramrooz Maryam , Mirrezaie Seyed Mohammad , Emamian Mohammad Hassan , Dadgari Ali , Hashemi Hassan , Fotouhi Akbar 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Monitoring social inequalities in dental caries is crucial for establishing priorities in oral health systems. This study aimed to assess economic inequalities in dental caries and its contributing factors among Iranian schoolchildren.

Methods
Data were obtained from the first phase of the Shahroud Schoolchildren Eye Cohort Study in 2015. A total of 4992 children aged 6–12 years old were included in the analysis. Dental examinations were conducted following the diagnostic methods and standards of the Oral Health Examination Survey, as recommended by the World Health Organization. The concentration index (C) was utilized to assess economic inequalities in dental caries. Additionally, the decomposition of C was employed to explain the determinants of the measured inequalities.

Results
In total, 71.4% of the schoolchildren had dental caries in primary dentition (dft≥1), and 41.6% of the schoolchildren had dental caries in permanent dentition (DMFT≥1). The Cs of dft≥1, primary decayed teeth (pdt≥1), and permanent missing teeth (PMT≥1) were -0.136 (95% CI: -0.167, -0.104), -0.164 (95% CI: -0.194, -0.134), and -0.208 (95% CI: -0.262, -0.153), respectively, which indicates their more concentration among low-economic children. Conversely, pft≥1 and PFT≥1 had Cs of 0.327 (95% CI: 0.292, 0.361) and 0.218 (95% CI: 0.179, 0.256), showing more concentration among high-economic children. Basic health insurance coverage and age were the main contributors that explained 28.6% and 19.2% of the economic inequality in dft≥1, and 25.7% and 16.6% of the pdt≥1 inequality, respectively. Economic status, residence in rural areas, mother education, father education, and age were the main contributors to the measured inequality in pft≥1 by 80.5% and 26.5%, 21.9%, 22%, and -18.3%, respectively. Economic status, having a housekeeper mother, residence in rural areas, having basic health insurance coverage, mother education, and father education positively contributed to the measured inequality in PMT≥1 by 45.4%, 42.4%, 37.8%, 35.1%, 21.3%, and 15.2%, respectively, while age had a negative contribution of -19.3%. For PFT≥1, economic status, age, and father education accounted for 76%, 25.4%, and 20.3% of the measured inequality, respectively.

Conclusion
Pro-rich economic inequalities were observed in children’s primary and permanent teeth caries. Thus, government interventions to reduce these inequalities should aim to expand the coverage of basic and supplementary health insurance in line with increasing the coverage of dental health costs in these plans, training and providing access to required dental health services for low-socioeconomic children, including the poor, rural, and those who have low-educated parents and a housekeeper mother, especially at younger ages.
Intervention to improve adverse event reporting in the emergency department: Protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Poku Collins Atta , Bayuo Jonathan , Kwashie Atswei Adzo , Ofei Adelaide Maria Ansah 
Published: August 2024

Background
Adverse event reporting is crucial for improving patient safety and identifying areas for improvement in the emergency department. Many interventions have been employed in that regard, and have been found to increase adverse event reporting rates in various settings. All published research that studied the various interventions and their effectiveness on adverse event reporting in the Emergency Department will be reviewed in this paper.

Methods
CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Reviews Library, EMBASE, Scopus, OVID, Science Direct and Web of Science will all be searched. Studies published since January 2000 that investigated the interventions to improve adverse event reporting will be included. Two independent reviewers will execute the selection and extraction process, and we will carry out a qualitative synthesis. A meta-analysis, if possible, will be undertaken.

Discussion
The present study will summarize interventions to improve adverse event reporting. It will also determine effective approaches to enhancing adverse event reporting in the emergency department. The outcome of the study will provide novel dimensions into possible interventions to improve patient safety through adverse event reporting.

Systematic review registration
Protocol registration and reporting: PROSPERO CRD42023414795.
Latent burnout profile analysis in hospital doctors in Ireland
Authors: Haire Gordon , Prihodova Lucia , Kilcullen Sophia , Hayes Blánaid 
Published: August 2024

Background
Burnout, characterised by emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA), is caused by chronic workplace stress. Though widely reported in doctors, variability in definitions and assessment methods render comparisons between studies challenging. Furthermore, traditional methods of reporting burnout can be misleading, focusing more on individuals than on the workplace. Various scores from Maslach Burnout inventory (MBI) have been previously reported as ‘burnout’, inflating reported prevalence. Recent research suggests using latent profile analysis (LPA), to explore the continuum from engagement to burnout, as distinct patterns of working life may contribute to different profiles.

Aims
To examine the prevalence of latent burnout profiles (LBP) amongst Irish hospital doctors.

Methods
LBP categorisation of MBI was applied to responses from 1610 hospital doctors from a national survey. Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire and work ability score were used to measure work stress and work ability.

Results
In line with LBP categorisation, the respondents were classified as follow: 23% (N = 364) Engaged; 21% (N = 332) Burnout (High EE and DP), Overextended (N = 476, 30%); 22% (N = 355) Ineffective (low PA score), 5% (N = 83) Disengaged (high DP scores). Consultants were more likely to be classified as Engaged than trainees. Those classified as Burnout were younger. Females were more likely to be classified as Overextended. Work stress was associated with Overextended, Disengaged and Burnout profiles. Insufficient workability was associated with Burnout profile.

Conclusions
The use of LPA provides more nuanced exploration of the phenomenon which can be correlated with workplace features, pointing to potential interventions.
Shifts in Serum Bile Acid Profiles Associated With Barrett's Esophagus and Stages of Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kumar Aarti , Gwalani Pranav , Iyer Prasad G. , Wang Kenneth K. , Falk Gary W. , Ginsberg Gregory G. , Lightdale Charles J. , Del Portillo Armando , Lagana Stephen M. , Li Yun , Li Hongzhe , Genkinger Jeanine , Jin Zhezhen , Rustgi Anil K. , Wang Timothy C. , Wang Harris H. , Quante Michael , Abrams Julian A. 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Reflux bile acids are believed to promote esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), but the role of systemic bile acids is unknown. This study aimed to assess associations between systemic bile acids and stages of Barrett's esophagus (BE) progression.

METHODS:
Subjects with and without BE were enrolled in this multicenter cross-sectional study. Targeted serum bile acid profiling was performed, and a subset of subjects completed a validated food frequency questionnaire. RNA sequencing was performed on BE or gastric cardia tissue to assess bile acid associations with gene expression.

RESULTS:
A total of 141 subjects were enrolled with serum bile acids profiled (49 non-BE; 92 BE: 44 no dysplasia, 25 indefinite/low grade dysplasia, 23 high-grade dysplasia/EAC). Lower Healthy Eating Index score, older age, higher body mass index, and no proton pump inhibitor use were associated with increased levels of multiple bile acids. Global bile acid pools were distinct between non-BE and stages of BE neoplasia (P = 0.004). Increasing cholic acid was associated with high-grade dysplasia/EAC compared with non-BE, even after adjusting for EAC risk factors (adjusted odds ratio 2.03, 95% confidence interval 1.11–3.71) as was the combination of unconjugated primary bile acids (adjusted odds ratio 1.81, 95% confidence interval 1.04–3.13). High cholic acid levels were associated with tissue gene expression changes including increased DNA replication and reduced lymphocyte differentiation genes.

DISCUSSION:
Alterations in serum bile acids are independently associated with advanced neoplasia in BE and may contribute to neoplastic progression. Future studies should explore associated gut microbiome changes, proneoplastic effects of bile acids, and whether these bile acids, particularly cholic acid, represent potential biomarkers or viable therapeutic targets for advanced neoplasia in BE.
Serum calprotectin in vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
Authors: Vorkel E. N. , Reshetnyak T. M. , Nurbaeva K. S. , Cherkasova M. V. , Tarasova G. M. , Egorova O. N. , Lila A. M. 
Published: August 2024

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated systemic vasculitis (ANCA-SV) is a group of rare and potentially severe systemic diseases. The search for reliable methods to assess ANCA-SV activity remains relevant. Among the indicators of neutrophil activation that have emerged in clinical practice, the level of serum calprotectin (CLP) stands out, which can be a marker for monitoring vasculitis activity and identifying patients at risk of disease relapse. Objective: to determine serum CLP levels in patients with ANCA-SV. Material and methods. The study group comprised 64 patients (37 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 11 with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and 16 with microscopic polyangiitis) aged 18 years and older with a confirmed diagnosis of ANCA-SV. The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals. ANCA-SV activity was determined using the BVAS index; high activity corresponded to a BVAS value of >3. Damage was assessed using the VDI index. Depending on ANCA-SV activity, patients were divided into two groups: high activity group (group 1, n=33) and low activity group (group 2, n=31). In addition to the generally accepted indicators, serum CLP levels were assessed in all patients with ANCA-SV and healthy donors. Results and discussion. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) were found in CLP levels in patients with ANCA-SV in groups 1 and 2. A significant correlation was found between CLP concentration and leukocyte count, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic inflammatory index (SII). Blood CLP levels in ANCA-SV were associated with creatinine levels and not with glomerular filtration rate and urinary sediment. Although CLP concentration depended on disease activity, it did not correlate with acute phase indicators, including ESR and CRP concentration. Conclusion. Serum CLP concentration is significantly higher in patients with active ANCA-SV and is related to NLR and SII inflammatory indices, so we consider the possibility of using this indicator to assess disease activity.
Cinematic Science Fiction, Indigenous Mythology, and Multispecies Entanglement: An Ecological Reading of The Mermaid (2016)
Authors: Cigarini Chiara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In a time of anxiety about environmental annihilation and human extinction, many literary science fiction (sf) authors from the Sinophone area have explored and expressed their ecological concerns through depicting a devastated environment populated by supernatural beings. This article traces a similar trend in cinematic sf by analyzing the 2016 film The Mermaid (Meirenyu 美人鱼), a science-fictional fairy tale written and co-produced by Stephen Chow 周星驰. The choice of merfolk, half-human half-fish creatures employed in the movie, differs, but not completely, from Han Song’s 韩松 portrayal of “aquatic humans” (shuiqiren 水栖人) in his 2004 novel Red Ocean (Hongse haiyang 红色海洋). I believe that the marine humans present in both works, reminiscent of supernatural figures belonging to Chinese and global mythology that embody a harmonious relationship between humans and nature, can be read as an attempt to decolonize science fiction, via a symbolic display of multispecies entanglement.
Improving the aggregation and evaluation of NBA mock drafts
Authors: Fisher Jared D. , Montague Colin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
If professional teams can accurately predict the order of their league’s draft, they would have a competitive advantage when using or trading their draft picks. Many experts and enthusiasts publish forecasts of the order players are drafted into professional sports leagues, known as mock drafts. Using a novel dataset of mock drafts for the National Basketball Association (NBA), we explore mock drafts’ ability to forecast the actual draft. We analyze authors’ mock draft accuracy over time and ask how we can reasonably aggregate information from multiple authors. For both tasks, mock drafts are usually analyzed as ranked lists, and in this paper, we propose ways to improve on these methods. We propose that rank-biased distance is the appropriate error metric for measuring accuracy of mock drafts as ranked lists. To best combine information from multiple mock drafts into a single consensus mock draft, we also propose a combination method based on the ideas of ranked-choice voting. We show that this method provides improved forecasts over the standard Borda count combination method used for most similar analyses in sports, and that either combination method provides a more accurate forecast across seasons than any single author.
Das Coulometrische Prinzip als Grundlage eines Spurenfeuchtegenerators
Authors: Gliese Philipp J. , Bubser Florian , Deschermeier Regina 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das coulometrische Prinzip ist ein Konzept der Elektrochemie, das auf Basis des ersten Faraday’schen Gesetzes eine Abhängigkeit zwischen der Stoffmenge von Produkten elektrochemischer Reaktionen und der elektrischen Ladung herstellt. Der von der PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) verfolgte Ansatz des coulometrischen Spurenfeuchtegenerators (CSFG) verwendet das namensgebende Konzept in der Auslegung für kleine Stoffmengenanteile bis in den Bereich nmol/mol in einem coulometrischen Befeuchter; P. Mackrodt (“A New Attempt on a Coulometric Trace Humidity Generator,” Int. J. Thermophys., vol. 33, pp. 1520–1535, 2012). Dabei wird aus Wasser mittels Elektrolyse eine definierte Menge Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff erzeugt, die anschließend unter Erhalt der Stöchiometrie getrocknet und katalytisch rekombiniert werden. Dies ermöglicht es, ein inertes Trägergas, wie z. B. Stickstoff, additiv auf die Stromstärke rückgeführt zu befeuchten. Diese Anwendung ist eine Alternative und ein komplementäres Prinzip zum thermodynamischen Prinzip der Sättigung, wobei sich bei diesem Prinzip andere Herausforderungen ergeben. Neben dem Einsatz als Primärnormal zur Rückführung auf das SI-Einheitensystem kann der coulometrische Spurenfeuchtegenerator in der Forschung, beispielsweise zur Bestimmung von Enhancement-Faktoren, eingesetzt werden.
Evaluating Alkali-Silica Reactivity for Concrete with Recycled Coarse Aggregate Using Concrete Prism and Autoclaved Concrete Prism Test Methods
Authors: Hossain Md Tarik , Tanner Jennifer Eisenhauer 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Reusing concrete from demolition work has the potential to produce sustainable concrete by replacing coarse aggregate with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). A potential concern is the alkali-silica reaction in the parent source of concrete. This study presents experimental results that indicate using RCA with nonreactive natural aggregates in applications beyond base fill in roads has the potential to decrease the reactivity of the concrete. For example, expansions in concrete with RCA substituted for coarse aggregate were reduced to less than half of the expansion of concrete using the parent aggregate when tested using the concrete prism test (CPT). Furthermore, an autoclave concrete prism test (ACPT) with varying levels of RCA coarse aggregate replacement was conducted. In addition, both intralaboratory and interlaboratory precision statements were determined for 20 % and 50 % RCA replacements for nonreactive natural aggregates by conducting CPT tests with three operators in a single laboratory and ACPT tests in seven different laboratories. Results confirmed that using RCA in CPT and ACPT tests has precision limits within the allowable guidelines set by the ASTM standard for the CPT, indicating that RCA could be used in this test method without changing the precision limits.
Water Resistance and Pore Characteristics of Organic Silane Waterproof Membrane in Roadbed
Authors: Wan Wenliang , Han Chunpeng , Wang Yushu , Zhang Yawei , Nie Aihui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the inhibiting effect of organic silane waterproofing membrane on the capillary water rise height (CRH) of roadbed soil has been investigated, and the pore characteristics of the waterproof membrane have been studied. Different tests were performed to validate the resulting performance, such as CRH, contact angle (CA), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The results showed that at 92 % compaction degree, the consumption of organic silane per unit area (OSA) of 8 g/m2 to 15 g/m2 could effectively inhibit the CRH. The CA of the waterproof membrane increased with OSA consumption and compaction degree. When the compaction degree and OSA consumption increased, the large pores were divided into small pores, resulting in a decrease in the most probable pore size of the waterproof membrane and an increase in the cumulative mesopore volume. Additionally, the specific surface area of the pores and the roughness of the pore surface of the waterproof membrane increased, the pore structure became more complex, and the fractal dimension was closer to 3.