bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Medication Use with a Pharmacist‐Provided Comprehensive Medication Management Service for Patients with Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Cobb Carla D. 
Published: October 2014

Our objective was to evaluate a pharmacist‐delivered comprehensive medication management (CMM) service provided to patients with psychiatric disorders. We conducted a retrospective review and analysis of medication‐related data, and a return on investment cost analysis. The project consisted of 154 patients with psychiatric disorders who were referred to the CMM service by physicians, therapists, case managers, friends, or family, and were seen by the service between April 2011 and July 2013. CMM evaluates a patient's medications to ensure that they are appropriate, effective, safe, and convenient. Patients were seen by pharmacists trained in CMM and the treatment of mental illnesses, including one board‐certified psychiatric pharmacist. All medications were reviewed including prescriptions, over‐the‐counter medications, and nutritional supplements. The patients' medication‐related concerns, goals of treatment, vital signs, and laboratory studies were reviewed. Drug therapy problems such as adverse reactions, unnecessary medications, excessive doses, and poor medication adherence were identified, and written recommendations were mailed to patients and physicians within 1 week. Patients were offered follow‐up in 4–6 weeks and were seen as many times as needed to resolve drug therapy problems. The 154 patients completed 256 CMM visits. A mean of 10.1 medical and psychiatric conditions and 13.7 medications/person were assessed. A mean of 5.6 drug therapy problems/patient were identified. A total net cost savings was estimated to be $90,484.00, with a mean savings of $586.55/patient. The cost of providing the service was estimated at $32,185.93. The return on investment was estimated to be 2.8; thus for every dollar spent on providing the service, $2.80 was estimated to be saved. Patients with mental illnesses may benefit from pharmacist‐delivered CMM to help resolve drug therapy problems. Medication management may improve clinical outcomes and reduce costs. In addition, patients valued the opportunity to review their medications with a pharmacist.
Dimensional reduction to hypersurface of foliation
Authors: Park I.Y. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWhen the bulk spacetime has a foliation structure, the collective dynamics of the hypersurfaces should reveal certain aspects of the bulk physics. The procedure of reducing the bulk to a hypersurface, called ADM reduction, was implemented in [3] where the 4D Einstein‐Hilbert action was reduced along the radial reduction. In this work, reduction along the angular directions is considered with a main goal to firmly establish the method of dimensional reduction to a hypersurface of foliation. We obtain a theory on a 2D plane (the (t,r)‐plane) and observe that novel and elaborate boundary effects are crucial for the consistency of the reduction. The reduction leads to a 2D interacting quantum field theory. We comment on its application to black hole information physics.
Competition influence in the segregation of the trophic niche of otariids: a case study using isotopic bayesian mixing models in Galapagos pinnipeds
Authors: Páez‐Rosas Diego , Rodríguez‐Pérez Mónica , Riofrío‐Lazo Marjorie 
Published: October 2014

RATIONALEThe feeding success of predators is associated with the competition level for resources, and, thus, sympatric species are exposed to a potential trophic overlap. Isotopic Bayesian mixing models should provide a better understanding of the contribution of preys to the diet of predators and the feeding behavior of a species over time.METHODSThe carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures from pup hair samples of 93 Galapagos sea lions and 48 Galapagos fur seals collected between 2003 and 2009 in different regions (east and west) of the archipelago were analyzed. A PDZ Europa ANCA‐GSL elemental analyzer interfaced with a PDZ Europa 20‐20 continuous flow gas source mass spectrometer was employed. Bayesian models, SIAR and SIBER, were used to estimate the contribution of prey to the diet of predators, the niche breadth, and the trophic overlap level between the populations.RESULTSStatistical differences in the isotopic values of both predators were observed over the time. The mixing model determined that Galapagos fur seals had a primarily teutophagous diet, whereas the Galapagos sea lions fed exclusively on fish in both regions of the archipelago. The SIBER analysis showed differences in the trophic niche between the two sea lion populations, with the western rookery of the Galapagos sea lion being the population with the largest trophic niche area.CONCLUSIONSA trophic niche partitioning between Galapagos fur seals and Galapagos sea lions in the west of the archipelago is suggested by our results. At intraspecific level, the western population of the Galapagos sea lion (ZwW) showed higher trophic breadth than the eastern population, a strategy adopted by the ZwW to decrease the interspecific competition levels in the western region. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stability of linear continuous‐time difference equations with distributed delay: Constructive exponential estimates
Authors: Damak Sérine , Di Loreto Michael , Mondié Sabine 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the construction of exponential estimates for a class of systems governed by continuous‐time difference equations with distributed delay. With the Lyapunov–Krasovskii approach, we propose sufficient conditions for exponential stability, with numerical constructive estimates. A conservatism analysis is made to illustrate the improvement of these stability conditions with respect to conditions already presented in the literature. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Model reference FTC for LPV systems using virtual actuators and set‐membership fault estimation
Authors: Rotondo Damiano , Nejjari Fatiha , Puig Vicenç , Blesa Joaquim 
Published: October 2014

SummaryIn this paper, a model reference fault tolerant control (FTC) strategy based on a reconfiguration of the reference model, with the addition of a virtual actuator block, is presented for linear parameter varying (LPV) systems. The advantage of the proposed FTC method is that the control system is reconfigured in such a way that the nominal controller is used without the need of retuning it. Moreover, the presence of saturations is taken into account through their incorporation in the reference model, and the introduction of additional varying parameters, such that the system exhibits some graceful performance degradation when the system could not achieve the desired state because of the actuator limits. The design of the control scheme is based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and polytopic LPV techniques. In order to implement the proposed active FTC strategy, a fault estimation is required. In this paper, the fault estimation is formulated as a parameter estimation problem, which is solved using a set‐membership approach. An aeronautical application is used to assess the performance of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determining c-Myb Protein Levels Can Isolate Functional Hematopoietic Stem Cell Subtypes
Authors: Sakamoto Hiroshi , Takeda Naoki , Arai Fumio , Hosokawa Kentaro , Garcia Paloma , Suda Toshio , Frampton Jon , Ogawa Minetaro 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The transcription factor c-Myb was originally identified as a transforming oncoprotein encoded by two avian leukemia viruses. Subsequently, through the generation of mouse models that affect its expression, c-Myb has been shown to be a key regulator of hematopoiesis, including having critical roles in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The precise function of c-Myb in HSCs although remains unclear. We have generated a novel c-myb allele in mice that allows direct observation of c-Myb protein levels in single cells. Using this reporter line we demonstrate that subtypes of HSCs can be isolated based upon their respective c-Myb protein expression levels. HSCs expressing low levels of c-Myb protein (c-MyblowHSC) appear to represent the most immature, dormant HSCs and they are a predominant component of HSCs that retain bromodeoxyuridine labeling. Hematopoietic stress, induced by 5-fluorouracil ablation, revealed that in this circumstance c-Myb-expressing cells become critical for multilineage repopulation. The discrimination of HSC subpopulations based on c-Myb protein levels is not reflected in the levels of c-myb mRNA, there being no more than a 1.3-fold difference comparing c-Myblow and c-MybhighHSCs. This illustrates how essential it is to include protein studies when aiming to understand the regulatory networks that control stem cell behavior. Stem Cells 2015;33:479–490
Controlling self‐assembly of DNA‐polymer conjugates for applications in imaging and drug delivery
Authors: Peterson Amberlyn M. , Heemstra Jennifer M. 
Published: October 2014

Amphiphilic supramolecular structures such as micelles and vesicles can be formed through phase‐driven self‐assembly of monomer units having discrete hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks. These structures show great promise for use in medical and biological applications, and incorporating DNA as the hydrophilic block of the amphiphilic monomers enables the creation of assemblies that also take advantage of the unique information storage and molecular recognition capabilities of DNA. Recently, significant advances have been made in the synthesis of DNA‐polymer conjugates (DPCs), controlling the morphology of DPC assemblies by altering monomer structure, and probing the effect of assembly on DNA stability and hybridization. Together, these investigations have laid the framework for using DPCs in drug delivery, cellular imaging, and other applications in materials science and chemistry. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:282–297. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1309This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures
Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures
New Polymorphs of RE2FeSe2O2 (RE = La, Ce)
Authors: Nitsche Fabian , Niklaus Robin , Johrendt Dirk 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNew monoclinic polymorphs of RE2FeSe2O2 (RE = La, Ce) were synthesized at 800 °C in a NaI/KI flux, and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (C2/m, Z = 2). mC‐La2FeSe2O2 and mC‐Ce2FeSe2O2 represent new structures in the RE2FeSe2O2 family, and contain iron atoms exclusively in a distorted octahedral coordination of four selenium and two oxygen atoms. Such FeSe4O2 octahedra occur together with FeSe4‐tetrahedra if the synthesis temperature increases to 1000 °C, while at 1100 °C all iron atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated by selenium. Even though the polymorph formation is controlled by the synthesis temperature, no phase transformations could be observed. La2FeSe2O2 is a semiconductor with a band gap of approximately 0.3 eV and shows antiferromagnetic ordering at TN ≈ 20 K with an effective magnetic moment of 4.35(2) μB.
Non‐smooth dynamics of coil contact in valve springs
Authors: Haslinger J. , Offner G. , Sopouch M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis contribution describes the dynamic simulation of the contact of coils of a valve spring within a multi‐body system application. The spring is described by a multi‐mass model. Contacting spring coils influence the dynamical properties of a valve spring significantly. The possible interaction between adjacent coils is modeled by means of non‐smooth mechanics. Signorini conditions on displacement level are imposed on contact candidates. The set of inequality constraints is transformed into a set of equations by introducing a nonlinear complementarity function, which contains the semi‐smooth maximum function. The set of equations of motion together with the contact constraints are integrated in time by a Backward Differentiation Formula (BDF) scheme. In each time step, the resulting nonlinear algebraic equation system is solved by a semi‐smooth Newton method. The approach is evaluated by two examples. The first model represents a cylindrical helical spring. The performance of the algorithm is compared to an approach, where the coil contact is modeled by using spring‐damper elements in between possible contact nodes. The proposed approach is not only running much faster, but also avoids the need of artificial parameters to calibrate the spring‐damper elements. The second example deals with a full model of a single valvetrain system, demonstrating that the valve train dynamics is widely affected by the vibrational characteristics of the valve springs.
Chaperone therapy for homocystinuria: the rescue of CBS mutations by heme arginate
Authors: Melenovská Petra , Kopecká Jana , Krijt Jakub , Hnízda Aleš , Raková Kateřina , Janošík Miroslav , Wilcken Bridget , Kožich Viktor 
Published: October 2014

AbstractClassical homocystinuria is caused by mutations in the cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) gene. Previous experiments in bacterial and yeast cells showed that many mutant CBS enzymes misfold and that chemical chaperones enable proper folding of a number of mutations. In the present study, we tested the extent of misfolding of 27 CBS mutations previously tested in E. coli under the more folding‐permissive conditions of mammalian CHO‐K1 cells and the ability of chaperones to rescue the conformation of these mutations. Expression of mutations in mammalian cells increased the median activity 16‐fold and the amount of tetramers 3.2‐fold compared with expression in bacteria. Subsequently, we tested the responses of seven selected mutations to three compounds with chaperone‐like activity. Aminooxyacetic acid and 4‐phenylbutyric acid exhibited only a weak effect. In contrast, heme arginate substantially increased the formation of mutant CBS protein tetramers (up to sixfold) and rescued catalytic activity (up to ninefold) of five out of seven mutations (p.A114V, p.K102N, p.R125Q, p.R266K, and p.R369C). The greatest effect of heme arginate was observed for the mutation p.R125Q, which is non‐responsive to in vivo treatment with vitamin B6. Moreover, the heme responsiveness of the p.R125Q mutation was confirmed in fibroblasts derived from a patient homozygous for this genetic variant. Based on these data, we propose that a distinct group of heme‐responsive CBS mutations may exist and that the heme pocket of CBS may become an important target for designing novel therapies for homocystinuria.
The Quality, Stability, and Bioactive Compound Composition of Virgin and Refined Organic Grape Seed Oil
Authors: Assumpção C. F. , Nunes I. L. , Mendonça T. A. , Jablonski A. , Flôres S. H. , Rios A. de O. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSamples of virgin and refined organic grape seed oil were studied for their physicochemical quality, oxidative stability, and the bioactive compounds they contained. All of the samples were within the limits established by the Codex Alimentarius with regard to their quality parameters. Lutein, zeaxanthin, β‐carotene, α‐tocopherol, and catechin were the bioactive compounds analyzed, and the virgin oil afforded more significant results. No measurable amounts of zeaxanthin and β‐carotene were observed in the refined oil, most likely due to the refining process that was carried out at high temperatures. The oxidative stability index decreased with increasing temperature, whereas the air flow had no effect on the stability index. The optimal parameters for the oxidative stability are 80 °C and a flow rate of 15 L h−1, and the virgin oil sample showed the best oxidative stability, possibly because it was not subjected to any treatment after extraction. The results from this study suggest that it would be preferable to consume virgin instead of refined grape oil because it is a better source of bioactive compounds and has a higher stability when heated.
2014 Report on the Milestones for the US National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease
Authors:   Alzheimer's Association National Plan Milestone Workgroup, Fargo Keith N. , Aisen Paul , Albert Marilyn , Au Rhoda , Corrada Maria M. , DeKosky Steven , Drachman David , Fillit Howard , Gitlin Laura , Haas Magali , Herrup Karl , Kawas Claudia , Khachaturian Ara S. , Khachaturian Zaven S. , Klunk William , Knopman David , Kukull Walter A. , Lamb Bruce , Logsdon Rebecca G. , Maruff Paul , Mesulam Marsel , Mobley William , Mohs Richard , Morgan David , Nixon Ralph A. , Paul Steven , Petersen Ronald , Plassman Brenda , Potter William , Reiman Eric , Reisberg Barry , Sano Mary , Schindler Rachel , Schneider Lon S. , Snyder Peter J. , Sperling Reisa A. , Yaffe Kristine , Bain Lisa J. , Thies William H. , Carrillo Maria C. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWith increasing numbers of people with Alzheimer's and other dementias across the globe, many countries have developed national plans to deal with the resulting challenges. In the United States, the National Alzheimer's Project Act, signed into law in 2011, required the creation of such a plan with annual updates thereafter. Pursuant to this, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease in 2012, including an ambitious research goal of preventing and effectively treating Alzheimer's disease by 2025. To guide investments, activities, and the measurement of progress toward achieving this 2025 goal, in its first annual plan update (2013) HHS also incorporated into the plan a set of short, medium and long‐term milestones. HHS further committed to updating these milestones on an ongoing basis to account for progress and setbacks, and emerging opportunities and obstacles. To assist HHS as it updates these milestones, the Alzheimer's Association convened a National Plan Milestone Workgroup consisting of scientific experts representing all areas of Alzheimer's and dementia research. The workgroup evaluated each milestone and made recommendations to ensure that they collectively constitute an adequate work plan for reaching the goal of preventing and effectively treating Alzheimer's by 2025. This report presents these Workgroup recommendations.
Threshold condition for spray formation by Faraday instability
Authors: Li Yikai , Umemura Akira 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA vertically vibrating liquid layer produces liquid ligaments that disintegrate to form a spray with drops of a controllable size. Previous experimental investigations of ultrasonic atomisation have shown that when such a spray forms, there exists a predominant surface-wave mode from which drops are generated with a mean diameter that follows Lang’s equation. In this paper, we determined this predominant surface-wave mode physically and, by utilising the coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid method, we numerically studied the threshold condition for spray formation based on a cell model of the predominant surface wavelength that excludes the effects of the container walls. We defined a condition whereby the broken drop holds a zero area-averaged vertical velocity in the laboratory reference frame as the criterion for the formation of a spray. The results of our calculations indicated that the onset of a spray occurs in the subharmonic unstable region for a threshold dimensionless forcing strength${\it\beta}_{c}=({\it\rho}_{l}{\it\Delta}_{0}^{3}{\it\Omega}^{2})/{\it\sigma}\sim O(1)$, where${\it\rho}_{l}$and${\it\sigma}$denote the liquid density and surface tension coefficient, respectively,${\it\Delta}_{0}$is the forcing displacement amplitude and${\it\Omega}$is the forcing angular frequency. Spray formation due to the Faraday instability can be considered as a process whereby the liquid layer absorbs energy from the inertial force, and releases it by producing drops that leave the surface of the liquid layer. We demonstrated that for a deep liquid layer, the threshold condition for the formation of a spray is determined only by the forcing strength, and is independent of the initial conditions of the liquid surface.
Response of a laboratory aquifer to rainfall
Authors: Guérin A. , Devauchelle O. , Lajeunesse E. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe investigate the response of a laboratory aquifer submitted to artificial rainfall, with an emphasis on the early stage of a rain event. In this almost two-dimensional experiment, the infiltrating rainwater forms a groundwater reservoir which exits the aquifer through one side. The resulting outflow resembles a typical stream hydrograph: the water discharge increases rapidly during rainfall and decays slowly after the rain has stopped. The Dupuit–Boussinesq theory, based on Darcy’s law and the shallow-water approximation, quantifies these two asymptotic regimes. At the early stage of a rainfall event, the discharge increases linearly with time, at a rate proportional to the rainfall rate to the power of${\textstyle \frac{3}{2}}$. Long after the rain has stopped, it decreases as the squared inverse of time (Boussinesq,C. R. Acad. Sci., vol. 137, 1903, pp. 5–11). We compare these predictions with our experimental data.
Astaxanthin lowers plasma TAG concentrations and increases hepatic antioxidant gene expression in diet-induced obesity mice
Authors: Yang Yue , Pham Tho X. , Wegner Casey J. , Kim Bohkyung , Ku Chai Siah , Park Young-Ki , Lee Ji-Young 
Published: October 2014

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is significantly associated with hyperlipidaemia and oxidative stress. We have previously reported that astaxanthin (ASTX), a xanthophyll carotenoid, lowers plasma total cholesterol and TAG concentrations inapoEknockout mice. To investigate whether ASTX supplementation can prevent the development of NAFLD in obesity, male C57BL/6J mice (n8 per group) were fed a high-fat diet (35 %, w/w) supplemented with 0, 0·003, 0·01 or 0·03 % of ASTX (w/w) for 12 weeks. The 0·03 % ASTX-supplemented group, but not the other groups, exhibited a significant decrease in plasma TAG concentrations, suggesting that ASTX at a 0·03 % supplementation dosage exerts a hypotriacylglycerolaemic effect. Although there was an increase in the mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase and diglyceride acyltransferase 2, the mRNA levels of acyl-CoA oxidase 1, a critical enzyme in peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation, exhibited an increase in the 0·03 % ASTX-supplemented group. There was a decrease in plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) concentrations in the 0·03 % ASTX-supplemented group. There was a significant increase in the hepatic mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and its downstream genes, which are critical for endogenous antioxidant mechanism, in the 0·03 % ASTX-supplemented group. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in the mRNA abundance ofIL-6in the primary splenocytes isolated from the 0·03 % ASTX-supplemented group upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation when compared with that in the splenocytes isolated from the control group. In conclusion, ASTX supplementation lowered the plasma concentrations of TAG, ALT and AST, increased the hepatic expression of endogenous antioxidant genes, and rendered splenocytes less sensitive to LPS stimulation. Therefore, ASTX may prevent obesity-associated metabolic disturbances and inflammation.