bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraclemensia acerifoliella (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae) in western Canada: a newly discovered host, an expanded range, and biogeographical considerations
Authors: Pohl Gregory R. , Jaeger Christi , Nazari Vazrick , Schmidt Chris , Richard Danika , Gosche Stan 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe maple leafcutter moth (Paraclemensia acerifoliella (Fitch) (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae) has been discovered in western Canada, feeding on saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia (Nuttall) Nuttall ex Roemer (Rosaceae)), a previously undocumented host. New records are detailed, and historical records are reviewed and assessed. Western populations are compared morphologically, genetically, and ecologically to populations feeding on maple (Acer Linnaeus; Sapindaceae) in eastern Canada. Paraclemensia Busck species host plants are discussed in relation to the hypothesised phylogenetic history of the genus. Although maple feeding is hypothesised to be the ancestral condition in the genus Paraclemensia, Rosaceae feeding (including Amelanchier) is hypothesised to be a derived capability of the P. acerifoliella species group.
Engagement in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Social Activities, and Use of Everyday Technology in Older Adults with and without Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Nygård Louise , Kottorp Anders 
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Little is known about how subtle activity limitations may be manifested and clinically detected in people with mild cognitive impairment, but these people have been found to experience greater challenges with everyday technology use. The aim of this study was to investigate levels and profiles of engagement in activities, and their associations with perceived difficulty in technology use, for people with mild cognitive impairment, and to compare this group to people with Alzheimer's disease and to controls. Method: Samples with mild cognitive impairment (n = 37), Alzheimer's disease (n = 37), and controls (n = 44) were included. Based on raw data from the Frenchay Activity Index, a Rasch model was used to generate linear measures. Analysis of variance and differential item functioning were used. Results: The analysis yielded a profile of decreased engagement in specific activities even in mild cognitive impairment. The association between activity engagement and difficulty with everyday technology use was stronger in people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease than in controls. Conclusion: Taken together, engagement in outdoor activities showed the greatest decrease of all activity types for the group with mild cognitive impairment, suggesting that participation in life outside the home is threatened. The results also suggest that challenges in managing technology are restricting people with cognitive impairment more than they restrict controls.
Implications of Occupational Therapy Job Advertisement Trends for Occupational Therapy Education
Authors: Broome Kieran , Gillen Ailsa 
Published: November 2014

Introduction: The aim of this study was to consider trends in occupational therapy workplace demands in Queensland between December 2009 and November 2011, as demonstrated by advertised job requirements. These trends are considered in the context of both undergraduate curriculum design and continuing professional development. Method: A mixed-methods approach was used. The content of occupational therapy job advertisements from four job databases over a 2-year period were examined using quantitative and qualitative analysis to identify trends, concepts, and themes. Results: Six lessons regarding occupational therapy education were drawn from the data. These included lessons relating to balancing graduate demand and supply, intake and exit timing, high-demand areas of practice, non-traditional occupational therapy roles, the roles of continuing professional development providers, and discrepancies between existing new graduate competencies and required workplace competencies. Conclusion: Occupational therapy educators have an obligation to produce graduates who meet the profession's graduate competencies, as well as those competencies required by workplaces, if those graduates are to be considered work-ready and fit for practice. Similarly, education at a continuing professional development level should reflect market trends and offer graduates and practitioners the opportunity to maintain employment currency.
Análise dos processos de comunicação em projetos com equipes virtuais
Authors: Sehn Marciano Felipe , Mendes Junior Ricardo 
Published: November 2014

Este resumo apresenta uma breve descrição do trabalho de dissertação apresentado e defendido no Programa de pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Introdução: a globalização e as transformações nos meios de comunicação resultantes dela tornaram possível o desenvolvimento de uma nova forma de trabalho: o trabalho com equipes virtuais. Projetos com equipes virtuais possuem grande potencial na redução de custos para a empresa, permitindo manter um time altamente especializado, mesmo com restrições geográficas e de tempo. A comunicação nesse tipo de equipe é um fator altamente crítico na interação desses indivíduos, pois os contatos face-a-face são reduzidos, quando não, inexistentes. Objetivo: tem-se como objetivo deste trabalho o de analisar o processo de comunicação entre os integrantes de equipes virtuais de projetos. Método/Abordagens: a pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa, caracterizando-se como exploratória em relação ao objetivo, tendo como instrumento o estudo de casos múltiplos, o primeiro representando o setor bancário, o segundo o ramo automobilístico e o terceiro um grupo de pesquisa. Resultados: como resultado, tem-se a obtenção de uma descrição de como ocorrem os processos de comunicação nos três casos estudados e do nível de concordância de cada equipe virtual aos processos por ela utilizados. Os resultados obtidos possibilitam identificar: que existe a falta de planejamento no gerenciamento das comunicações; que as equipes consideram necessário manter contato presencial para sanar falhas na comunicação virtual do projeto; que os elementos culturais não são considerados no momento de se estabelecer uma equipe virtual; e também que as equipes encontram alguma dificuldade em manter contato com pessoas de outros idiomas. Contribuições/Originalidade: a partir dos resultados, são apontadas algumas recomendações, entre as quais: buscar alternativas no contato pessoal entre os integrantes das Equipes Virtuais; incentivar a comunicação informal complementarmente à comunicação formal; observar as diferenças culturais entre os integrantes da equipe; promover uma cultura interna de incentivo à comunicação virtual; e dar maior importância à existência de plano de gerenciamento das comunicações.
Distorsions cognitives des joueurs de jeux de hasard et d’argent hors ligne et mixtes
Authors: Kern Laurence , Kotbagi Gayatri , Rémond Jean-Jacques , Gorwood Philip , Romo Lucia 
Published: November 2014

But : Le but de ce travail est de comparer les joueurs qui jouent à de tels jeux sur des sites comme les casinos ou les hippodromes (joueurs hors ligne) et ceux qui jouent en plus en ligne (joueurs mixtes) en traçant les profils de ces joueurs.
Méthode : 608 joueurs hors ligne et mixtes ont répondu à plusieurs questionnaires qui ont porté sur : 1) les données sociodémographiques (genre, âge, situation de famille, éducation) ; 2) les mesures de dépistage des usages problématiques des jeux de hasard et d’argent ; 3) la consommation d’alcool ; 4) les mesures d’anxiété et de dépression et 5) les mesures sociocognitives (distorsions cognitives et confiance en soi).
Résultats : L’échantillon, d’un âge moyen de 53.0 ans (de 17 à 76 ans ; E.T = 15,9) est composé majoritairement de femmes (femmes : 60 % ; hommes : 39 %) ; 55 % des personnes interrogées vivent en couple. Seulement 23,7 % (N = 144) des participants sont des joueurs mixtes. En ce qui concerne la consommation d’alcool, 31,5 % (N = 191) ont des conduites à risque ou problématiques ; au niveau du jeu 19,6 % (N = 109) sont considérés à risque modéré selon l’indice canadien de jeu excessif (ICJE, 2001), alors que 9 % (N = 55) sont des joueurs pathologiques probables. Les joueurs mixtes sont de façon significative plus jeunes, jouent plus, ont des scores à l’ICJE plus élevés, sont plus anxieux et ont une plus grande consommation d’alcool. Ils présentent également des distorsions cognitives plus intenses (contrôle prédictif), mais ont, en revanche, moins confiance en leur capacité d’arrêter de jouer que les joueurs hors ligne.
Conclusion : Une sévérité accrue au jeu pathologique et des distorsions cognitives plus intenses rendent la population des joueurs mixtes fragile. Quelques pistes d’intervention et de prévention seront proposées en guise de conclusion.
Les symptômes associés aux problèmes de jeux de hasard et d’argent à l’adolescence : étude comparative selon le sexe
Authors: Gendron Annie , Dufour Magali , Brunelle Natacha , Leclerc Danielle , Cousineau Marie-Marthe 
Published: November 2014

De nombreux travaux ont documenté la présence de problèmes de jeux de hasard et d’argent (JHA) au sein de populations adolescentes. La prévalence du trouble chez les adolescents serait même plus élevée que celle trouvée auprès de populations adultes. Le présent article présente une synthèse des études québécoises rapportant la prévalence du jeu pathologique auprès de populations adolescentes, et il met l’accent sur les différences sexuelles. À partir d’une étude menée auprès de 1870 élèves du secondaire âgés de 14 à 18 ans, une description des habitudes de JHA des garçons et des filles est d’abord présentée. Ensuite, les critères autorévélés du DSM-IV-MR-J (Fisher, 2000), rapportés par les garçons et les filles aux prises avec des problèmes de jeu, sont comparés selon le sexe. Les résultats montrent que près d’un élève sur dix a des habitudes de JHA problématiques. Malgré le fait qu’il existe un écart quant à la proportion de garçons et de filles présentant des problèmes de JHA, les adolescents semblent éprouver les mêmes symptômes. Ces derniers se distinguent uniquement sur la préoccupation entretenue à propos de leurs habitudes de JHA, les garçons joueurs problématiques étant plus nombreux à avoir rapporté ce critère que les filles qui sont aux prises avec des problèmes de JHA.
Seismic anisotropy and slab dynamics from SKS splitting recorded in Colombia
Authors: Porritt Robert W. , Becker Thorsten W. , Monsalve Gaspar 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Nazca, Caribbean, and South America plates meet in northwestern South America where the northern end of the Andean volcanic arc and Wadati‐Benioff zone seismicity indicate ongoing subduction. However, the termination of Quaternary volcanism at ~5.5°N and eastward offset in seismicity underneath Colombia suggest the presence of complex slab geometry. To help link geometry to dynamics, we analyze SKS splitting for 38 broadband stations of the Colombian national network. Measurements of fast polarization axes in western Colombia close to the trench show dominantly trench‐perpendicular orientations. Orientations measured at stations in the back arc, farther to the east, however, abruptly change to roughly trench parallel anisotropy. This may indicate along‐arc mantle flow, possibly related to the suggested “Caldas” slab tear, or a lithospheric signature, but smaller‐scale variations in anisotropy remain to be explained. Our observations are atypical globally and challenge our understanding of the complexities of subduction zone seismic anisotropy.
Low time resolution analysis of polar ice cores cannot detect impulsive nitrate events
Authors: Smart D. F. , Shea M. A. , Melott A. L. , Laird C. M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIce cores are archives of climate change and possibly large solar proton events (SPEs). Wolff et al. (2012) used a single event, a nitrate peak in the GISP2‐H core, which McCracken et al. (2001a) time associated with the poorly quantified 1859 Carrington event, to discredit SPE‐produced, impulsive nitrate deposition in polar ice. This is not the ideal test case. We critique the Wolff et al. analysis and demonstrate that the data they used cannot detect impulsive nitrate events because of resolution limitations. We suggest reexamination of the top of the Greenland ice sheet at key intervals over the last two millennia with attention to fine resolution and replicate sampling of multiple species. This will allow further insight into polar depositional processes on a subseasonal scale, including atmospheric sources, transport mechanisms to the ice sheet, postdepositional interactions, and a potential SPE association.
Influence of summertime mesoscale convective systems on the heat balance and surface mixed layer dynamics of a large Amazonian hydroelectric reservoir
Authors: Curtarelli Marcelo P. , Ogashawara Igor , Araújo Carlos A. S. , Alcântara Enner H. , Lorenzzetti João A. , Stech José L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe evaluated the impacts of summertime mesoscale convective systems (MCS) on the heat balance and diel surface mixed layer (SML) dynamics of the Brazilian Amazon's Tucuruí Hydroelectric Reservoir (THR). We used a synergistic approach that combines in situ data, remote sensing data, and three‐dimensional (3‐D) modeling to investigate the typical behavior of the components of the heat balance and the SML dynamics. During the study period (the austral summer of 2012–2013), 22 days with MCS activity were identified. These events occurred approximately every 4 days, and they were most frequent during January (50% of the observations). An analysis of local meteorological data showed that when MCS occur, the environmental conditions at THR change significantly (p‐value < 0.01). The net longwave flux, which was the heat balance component most strongly impacted by MCS, increased more than 32% on days with MCS activity. The daily integrated heat balance became negative (−54 W m−2) on MCS days, while the balance was positive (19 W m−2) on non‐MCS days. In response to the changes in the heat balance, the SML dynamics changed when a MCS was over the THR. The SML depth was typically 28% higher on the days with MCS (∼1.6 m) compared with the days without MCS (∼1.3 m). The results indicate that MCS are one of the main meteorological disturbances driving the heat balance and the mixing dynamics of Amazonian hydroelectric reservoirs during the summer. These events may have implications for the water quality and greenhouse gas emissions of Amazonian reservoirs.
Characteristics of a rocket‐triggered lightning flash with large stroke number and the associated leader propagation
Authors: Sun Zhuling , Qie Xiushu , Jiang Rubin , Liu Mingyuan , Wu Xueke , Wang Zhichao , Lu Gaopeng , Zhang Hongbo 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA negative lightning flash with 16 leader‐return stroke sequences, triggered in the summer of 2013 using the classical rocket‐and‐wire triggering technique, was examined with simultaneous two‐dimensional (2D) imaging of very high‐frequency (VHF) radiation sources, channel‐base current measurement, broadband electric field waveforms and high‐speed video images. A total of 28.0 C negative charge was transferred to ground during the whole flash, and the charge transferred during the initial stage was 4.9 C, which is the weakest among the triggered lightning flashes at the SHandong Artificially Triggering Lightning Experiment (SHATLE). The peak current of 16 return strokes ranged from 5.8 to 32.5 kA with a geometric mean of 14.1 kA. The progression of upward positive leader and downward negative (dart or dart‐stepped) leaders was reproduced visually by using an improved short‐baseline VHF lightning location system with continuous data recording capability. The upward positive leader was mapped immediately from the tip of the metal wire during the initial stage, developing at a speed of about 104 m/s without branches. The upward positive leader and all the 14 negative leaders captured by the 2D imaging system propagated along the same channel with few branches inside the cloud, which might be the reason for the relatively small charge transfer. The 2D imaging results also show that dart leaders may transform into dart‐stepped leaders after a long time interval between successive strokes.
Intensified anticyclonic anomaly over the western North Pacific during El Niño decaying summer under a weakened Atlantic thermohaline circulation
Authors: Chen Wei , Lu Riyu , Dong Buwen 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIt has been well documented that there is an anticyclonic anomaly over the western North Pacific (WNPAC, hereafter) during El Niño decaying summer. This El Niño‐WNPAC relationship is greatly useful for the seasonal prediction of summer climate in the WNP and East Asia. In this study, we investigate the modification of the El Niño‐WNPAC relationship induced by a weakened Atlantic thermohaline circulation (THC) in a water‐hosing experiment. The results suggest that the WNPAC during the El Niño decaying summer, as well as the associated precipitation anomaly over the WNP, is intensified under the weakened THC. On the one hand, this intensification is in response to the increased amplitude and frequency of El Niño events in the water‐hosing experiment. On the other hand, this intensification is also because of greater climatological humidity over the western to central North Pacific under the weakened THC. We suggest that the increase of climatological humidity over the western to central North Pacific during summer under the weakened THC is favorable for enhanced interannual variability of precipitation, and therefore favorable for the intensification of the WNPAC during El Niño decaying summer. This study suggests a possible modulation of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐WNP summer monsoon relationship by the low‐frequency fluctuation of Atlantic sea surface temperature. The results offer an explanation for the observed modification of the multidecadal fluctuation of El Niño‐WNPAC relationship by the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation.
Why logarithmic? A note on the dependence of radiative forcing on gas concentration
Authors: Huang Yi , Bani Shahabadi Maziar 
Published: November 2014

AbstractLine‐by‐line radiative transfer computations show that the logarithmic dependence of radiative forcing on gas concentration not only applies to broadband irradiation fluxes such as in the well‐known case of the CO2 forcing, but also applies to the spectral radiance change due to both CO2 and other gases, such as H2O. The logarithmic relationship holds for monochromatic radiance requires an explanation beyond the conventional ideas based on the spectroscopic features of the gas absorption lines. We show that the phenomenon can be explained by an Emission Layer Displacement Model, which describes the radiance response to gas perturbation under normal atmospheric conditions such as temperature linearly varying with height and gas concentration exponentially decaying with height.
Global energy and water balance: Characteristics from Finite‐volume Atmospheric Model of the IAP/LASG (FAMIL1)
Authors: Zhou Linjiong , Bao Qing , Liu Yimin , Wu Guoxiong , Wang Wei‐Chyung , Wang Xiaocong , He Bian , Yu Haiyang , Li Jiandong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis paper documents version 1 of the Finite‐volume Atmospheric Model of the IAP/LASG (FAMIL1), which has a flexible horizontal resolution up to a quarter of 1°. The model, currently running on the “Tianhe 1A” supercomputer, is the atmospheric component of the third‐generation Flexible Global Ocean‐Atmosphere‐Land climate System model (FGOALS3) which will participate in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). In addition to describing the dynamical core and physical parameterizations of FAMIL1, this paper describes the simulated characteristics of energy and water balances and compares them with observational/reanalysis data. The comparisons indicate that the model simulates well the seasonal and geographical distributions of radiative fluxes at the top of the atmosphere and at the surface, as well as the surface latent and sensible heat fluxes. A major weakness in the energy balance is identified in the regions where extensive and persistent marine stratocumulus is present. Analysis of the global water balance also indicates realistic seasonal and geographical distributions with the global annual mean of evaporation minus precipitation being approximately 10−5 mm d−1. We also examine the connections between the global energy and water balance and discuss the possible link between the two within the context of the findings from the reanalysis data. Finally, the model biases as well as possible solutions are discussed.
Koksma‐Hlawka Inequality
Authors: Hickernell Fred J. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Koksma–Hlawka inequality is a tight error bound on the approximation of an integral by the sample average of integrand values. The integration error is bounded by a product of two terms, the discrepancy of the sample points, , and the variation of the integrand,V(g). These two quantities measure the quality of the sample points and the roughness of the integrand, respectively. The Koksma–Hlawka inequality plays a key role in the development of quasi–Monte Carlo methods. Such methods replace simple random sample points by low discrepancy points. The Koksma–Hlawka inequality has also influenced the study of experimental design and led to the creation of UNIFORM DESIGNS.
Central Limit Theorems, Convergence Rates for
Authors: Nadarajah S. , Kotz S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this short entry, rates of convergence associated with central limit theorems are discussed. Specifically, the Liapunov bounds and the Berry‐Esseen bounds for the absolute value of the difference of the distribution of the standardized sums ofnrandom variables and the standard normal distribution are briefly described.
From Basel II to Solvency II‐Risk Management in the Insurance Sector
Authors: Rudolf Markus , Frenkel Michael 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Basel II has not only changed the risk‐management standards in the banking system dramatically, it has also affected the competitive positions of different banking systems. This is due to the fact, that Basel II has shifted banking closer toward capital markets and away from banking institutions. Consequently, we did observe an increased significance of the Anglo‐Saxon banking sector and less significance of the banking systems in Japan and Germany. In the insurance sector, a regulatory framework called Solvency II was launched in 2002. Solvency II is comparable to Basel II with regard to many aspects. The view which is advocated here is therefore, that developments similar to those which have been observed in the banking system might apply to the global insurance industry in the next decade.
Fraud in Insurance
Authors: Guillen Montserrat , Ayuso Mercedes 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Insurance fraud occurs when the insurer does not know all the facts about the insured and the claim, and when the fraudster believes that some monetary benefits can be gained by distortion of such facts. We explain how fraud can be fought with deterrence and detection, and present several ways to control fraud, specialized investigation units, statistical analysis of claims information, and fraud detection methods, together with the ways for evaluation of their performance and some hints for their practical implementation. Also, we give an overview of the claims handling process. We describe various types of fraud currently encountered in insurance and give examples.