bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La influencia de la credibilidad del profesorado universitario en la satisfacción académica del alumnado: el rol mediador de la motivación académica
Authors: De Besa Gutiérrez Manuel Rafael , Froment Facundo , Gil Flores Javier 
Published: August 2024

The research literature has shown the impact of teacher behaviour on motivation and academic satisfaction, both variables associated with student learning. The present study aims to predict students' academic satisfaction according to their perceptions of the credibility of university lecturers, considering the mediating role of academic motivation. To this end, a sample of 369 students enrolled in university courses in early childhood and primary education was used. The Credibility Scalein University Professors, the State Motivation Scale and the Academic Satisfaction Scale were used for data collection. The statistical technique used was a structural equation model with partial least squares (PLS-SEM). The results show that academic motivation mediates the relationship between teacher credibility and student academic satisfaction. Based on the results, the findings are discussed, and practical recommendations are proposed for teachers to be perceived as more credible in their educational practice.
La literatura científica ha evidenciado la incidencia que tiene el comportamiento del docente en la motivación y la satisfacción académica, ambas variables asociadas al aprendizaje de los estudiantes. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo predecir la satisfacción académica del alumnado según sus percepciones sobre la credibilidad del profesorado universitario teniendo en cuanta el rol mediador de la motivación académica. Para abordar este propósito se ha utilizado una muestra de 446 estudiantes matriculados en los grados universitarios de infantil y primaria. Para la recogida de datos se ha utilizado la escala de Credibilidad en Profesores Universitarios, la escala de Motivación Estado y la escala de Satisfacción Académica. Como técnica estadística se ha optado por un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales a través del método de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM). Los resultados revelan que la motivación académica media la relación entre la credibilidad docente y la satisfacción académica del alumnado. A partir de los resultados se discuten los hallazgos y se proponen recomendaciones prácticas para que el docente sea percibido como más creíble en su práctica educativa.
Diseño y fabricación del vehículo trimoto TRIDIO
Authors: Gutiérrez Corani Helmer , Quispe Coca Raúl Alfredo 
Published: August 2024

Los accidentes de tránsito son un problema de salud pública con consecuencias similares a las enfermedades como el cáncer y las cardiovasculares. Cada año 1,3 millones de personas fallecen por siniestros de tránsito, según datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). En América se producen 15,6 muertes en accidentes viales por cada 100.000 habitantes al año. En Bolivia los accidentados, atendidos por el Seguro Obligatorio de Accidentes de Tránsito (SOAT), en 2019 sumaron 14.708, 40 por día, dos por hora. En la ciudad de Oruro 3235 son accidentes por motocicletas el 90 % reportan lesiones graves y el resto pierde la vida (9 por día). Finalmente, la ausencia de producción tecnológica en Bolivia y la necesidad de poseer vehículos livianos seguros ergonómicos con energía alternativa. En este proyecto se presenta el diseño y fabricación del conjunto del chasis como de la suspensión delantera para la Feria de investigación Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad Técnica de Oruro, la cual consiste en diseñar una tri moto de 49cc para uso en todo terreno. El diseño del proyecto se ha realizado con el programa Autodesk Inventor. La idea fue construir un diseño prototipo sobre el cual hacer las pruebas oportunas y posteriormente realizar cambios y mejoras para futuras ediciones. Se trata de un proyecto íntegramente de diseño con la ayuda de programas de simulación que nos permitirán optimizar la idea inicial. El chasis y estructura será conjunto lo más rígido posible, como ya veremos más adelante también tenemos que tener cierta flexión en ciertos puntos del chasis a la vez de ser lo más ligero posible. El procedimiento para fabricar la estructura del chasis de la Tri moto se realizó en tres fases: a) Fase inicial de la investigación: b) Fase de diseño de la estructura c) Fase de ejecución en esta última se destaca el montaje y unión de piezas en taller de soldadura.
Materiales usados en utensilios de cocina y sus posibles efectos tóxicos en la salud humana.
Authors: Cevallos Santacruz Odalis , Coral Miriam , Quilumbaqui Jazmín , Galarza Iván 
Published: August 2024

El propósito de este estudio fue analizar los posibles efectos tóxicos de los utensilios de cocina para la salud humana, los objetivos fueron examinar sobre los metales utilizados en la fabricación de los materiales de utensilios de cocina, identificar cualquier efecto tóxico de estos metales en la salud humana y determinar los materiales más adecuados en distintas técnicas de cocción.
Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo utilizando una revisión sistemática para generar tablas que permitieran responder a cada objetivo, según los artículos el acero inoxidable y el hierro fundido se encuentran entre los materiales más adecuados en la cocina para diversas técnicas culinarias, mientras que el aluminio es el menos recomendado.
Sin embargo, no se estudio acerca de la liberación de metales tóxicos a los alimentos ya que requiere de un análisis más experimental y detallado.
Este estudio ofrece información para futuras investigaciones, así como para dar a conocer a la sociedad para el momento de adquirir utensilios seguros para preparar los alimentos en sus hogares o negocios.
Trichoderma based formulations control the wilt disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, better when inoculated as consortia: findings from pot experiments under field conditions
Authors: Chohan Safeer A. , Akbar Muhammad , Iqbal Umer 
Published: August 2024

Background
Commercial/chemical pesticides are available to control Fusarium wilt of chickpea, but these antifungals have numerous environmental and human health hazards. Amongst various organic alternatives, use of antagonistic fungi like Trichoderma, is the most promising option. Although, Trichoderma spp. are known to control Fusarium wilt in chickpea but there are no reports that indicate the biocontrol efficacy of indigenous Trichoderma spp. against the local pathogen, in relation to environmental conditions.

Methods
In the present study, biological control activity of Trichoderma species formulations viz., Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma harzianum (strain 1), and Trichoderma harzianum (strain 2), either singly or in the form of consortia, was investigated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, the cause of Fusarium wilt in chickpea, in multiyear pot trials under open field conditions. The antagonistic effect of Trichoderma spp. was first evaluated in in vitro dual culture experiments. Then the effects of Trichoderma as well as F. oxysporum, were investigated on the morphological parameters, disease incidence (DI), and disease severity (DS) of chickpea plants grown in pots.

Results
In dual culture experiments, all the Trichoderma species effectively reduced the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum. T. asperellum, T. harzianum (strain 1), and T. harzianum(strain 2) declined the mycelial growth of F. oxysporumby 37.6%, 40%, and 42%. In open field pot trials, the infestation of F. oxysporum in chickpea plants significantly reduced the morphological growth of chickpea. However, the application of T. asperellum, T. harzianum (strain 1), and T. harzianum (strain 2), either singly or in the form of consortia, significantly overcome the deleterious effects of the pathogen, thereby resulted in lower DI (22.2% and 11.1%) and DS (86% and 92%), and ultimately improved the shoot length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight by 69% and 72%, 67% and 73%, 68% and 75%, during the years 1 and 2, respectively, in comparison with infested control. The present study concludes the usefulness and efficacy of Trichoderma species in controlling wilt disease of chickpea plants under variable weather conditions.
Efficacy of Various Insecticides against Gram Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera) Hubner in Chickpea
Authors: Mishra Vaishnavi , Chauhan Saroj , Kumar Ritesh , Mourya Pradumn Kumar 
Published: August 2024

The investigation sought to examine the efficacy of several pesticides on the larval population of the gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) in chickpea plants, as well as the corresponding cost-benefit ratio. The experiment was carried out in the Entomology Research Field, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Deeksha Bhawan, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments replicated three times using Pusa 362 variety in a plot size of (3 m×2 m) at a spacing of (20×10 cm). The treatments used during the observation were T1 Spinosad, T2 NSKE, T3 Bt, T4 Beauveria bassiana, T5 Neem oil, T6 Emamectin benzoate and T7 control plot (without any treatment). From the study it was noted that the highest reduction was reported in plots treated with Spinosad 0.20ml/l which proved to be superior among the rest of the treatments and the next effective treatment is Emamectin benzoate 0.4 g/l, followed by Beauveria bassiana 2x 10 CFU@ 5ml/l, Bacillus thuringiensis 1.5g/l and maximum population of pod borer was observed in untreated control plot. The data on the yield of chickpea revealed that the highest yield recorded in the treatment Spinosad (0.20ml/l) and it was superior over all the other treatment followed by Emamectin benzoate 0.4g/l with the yield was obtained in the control. The data on the increase in yield over control of chickpea revealed that the highest increase in yield over control was recorded in the treatment Spinosad (0.20ml/l) and it was superior over all the other treatments and followed by Emamectin benzoate 0.4g/l with the lowest increase in yield over control was reported in plot treated with NSKE 5% with, respectively. The maximum cost-benefit ratio was obtained in the plot treated with 0.20ml/l spinosad 45 SC next effective treatment in terms of cost-benefit ratio was Emamectin benzoate 0.4g/l and the lowest cost-benefit ratio was found in Neem oil 3%treated plot.
Assessment of Different Organic Manures on Morphological and Floral Attributes of Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)
Authors: Abhishek  , Singh Harpal , Ahirwar G.K , Dushyant  
Published: August 2024

Aims: The organic content in manure helps soil retain moisture, increases gas exchange, and introduces beneficial bacteria, loosens clayey soil, promoting root growth. Soil with a higher organic content is more resistant to erosion and produces superior crops. Using organic manure decreases farming's environmental impact. Unlike synthetic fertilizers, it recycles waste materials, nourishes the soil, and nurtures crops.
Methods: This experiment was carried out during Rabi 2023-24 at the Organic Research farm Kargunwan ji, Jhansi, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh). African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cultivar ‘Hazara’ was sown under randomized block design (RBD) with 09 treatment viz., Control, FYM at 10t/ha, FYM at 20t/ha, Compost 10t/ha, Compost 20t/ha, Poultry manure10t/ha, Poultry manure20t/ha, Vermicompost 10t/ha and Vermicompost 20t/ha with 3 replication accommodating spacing (40 × 45) cm2, plot size (2.5 × 2.5) m = 5.0 m2 with total gross experimental area of (23.5 x 9.6) m = 225.06 m2.
Results: Results shows that at harvest, increasing the organic doses at recommended doses clearly expressed maximum morphological characters and floral attributes and was reported under the treatment T9 (vermicompost 20t/ha) followed by treatment T8 (vermicompost 10t/ha) and T6 (poultry manure 10t/ha). The minimum plant height was noticed with the treatment T7 (Water spray).
Conclusion: The results clearly revealed that on application of organic manure in marigold had a positive and significant impact on morphological characters and floral attributes in Marigold. Thus it is recommended to opt for organic cultivation in place of in organic cultivation.
A method for multiscale optimal analysis with application toArgo data
Authors: Gray Alison R. , Riser Stephen C. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis study presents an optimal analysis method for estimating the large‐ and small‐scale components of a field from observations. This technique relies on an iterative generalized least squares procedure to determine the statistics of the small‐scale fluctuations directly from the data and is thus especially valuable when such information is not known a priori. The use of spherical radial basis functions in fitting the large‐scale signal is suggested, particularly when the domain is sufficiently large. Two test cases illustrate several of the properties of this procedure, demonstrate its utility, and provide practical guidelines for its use. This method is then applied to observations collected by the Argo array of profiling floats to produce global gridded absolute geostrophic velocity estimates.
Modeling long‐term change of planktonic ecosystems in the northern South China Sea and the upstream Kuroshio Current
Authors: Li Qian P. , Wang Yanjun , Dong Yuan , Gan Jianping 
Published: May 2015

AbstractField studies suggested that the biogeochemical settings and community structures are substantial different between the central Northern South China Sea (NSCS) and the upstream Kuroshio Current (KC). In particular, the water column of KC is characterized by substantially lower nutrients and productivity but higher Trichodesmium abundance and nitrogen fixation compared to the NSCS. The mechanism driving the difference of the two marine ecosystems, however, remains inadequately understood. Here, a one‐dimensional biogeochemical model was developed to simulate the long‐term variability of lower‐trophic planktonic ecosystem for two pelagic stations in the NSCS and the KC near the Luzon Strait. The physical model included the vertical mixing driven by air‐sea interaction and the Ekman pumping induced by wind stress curl. The biological model was constructed by modifying a nitrogen‐based NPZD model with the incorporation of phosphorus cycle and diazotroph nitrogen fixation. After validation by several field data sets, the model was used to study the impact of long‐term physical forcing on ecosystem variability in the two distinct stations. Our results suggested that nutrient transport above nitracline during summer was largely controlled by vertical turbulent mixing, while Ekman pumping was important for nutrient transport below the nitracline. Our results also indicated that diazotroph community structure and N2 fixation in the NSCS and the KC could be strongly influenced by physical processes through the impacts on vertical nutrient fluxes. The disadvantage of diazotroph in the NSCS in compared to the KC during the summer could be attributed to its high nitrate fluxes from subsurface leading to outcompete of diazotrophs by faster growing nondiazotroph phytoplankton.
Measurement and simulation of subsurface tracer migration to tile drains in low permeability, macroporous soil
Authors: Bishop Joshua M. , Callaghan Michael V. , Cey Edwin E. , Bentley Larry R. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMultiyear monitoring and simulation of a conservative tracer was used in this study to investigate preferential flow and macropore‐matrix interactions in low permeability, macroporous soil. 2,6‐Difluorobenzoic acid (DFBA) tracer was applied to a 20 × 20 m drip irrigated test plot situated over two tile drains. Tracer movement over the 2009 and 2010 field seasons was monitored using tile drain effluent, suction lysimeters, monitoring wells, and soil cores. Despite similar volumes of water application to the plot in each season, 10 times more water and 14 times more DFBA were captured by the drains in 2010 due to wetter regional hydrologic conditions. The importance of preferential flow along macropores was shown by rapid DFBA breakthrough to the tile (<47 h), and DFBA detections in sand units below the tile drains. Preferential flow resulted in less than 8% of the DFBA mass being captured by the tiles over both years. With much of the DFBA mass (75%) retained in the upper 0.25 m of the soil at the end of 2009, numerical simulations were used to quantify the migration of this in situ tracer during the subsequent 2010 field season. Dual permeability and dual porosity models produced similar matches to measured tile drain flows and concentrations, but solute leaching was captured more effectively by the dual permeability formulation. The simulations highlighted limitations in current descriptions for small‐scale mass transfer between matrix and macropore domains, which do not consider time‐dependent transfer coefficients or nonuniform distributions of solute mass within soil matrix blocks.
The spatial and temporal evolution of contributing areas
Authors: Nippgen Fabian , McGlynn Brian L. , Emanuel Ryan E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPredicting runoff source areas and how they change through time is a challenge in hydrology. Topographically induced lateral water redistribution and water removal through evapotranspiration lead to spatially and temporally variable patterns of watershed water storage. These dynamic storage patterns combined with threshold mediation of saturated subsurface throughflow lead to runoff source areas that are dynamic through time. To investigate these processes and their manifestation in watershed runoff, we developed and applied a parsimonious but spatially distributed model (WECOH—Watershed ECOHydrology). Evapotranspiration was measured via an eddy‐covariance tower located within the catchment and disaggregated as a function of vegetation structure. This modeling approach reproduced the stream hydrograph well and was internally consistent with observed watershed runoff patterns and behavior. We further examined the spatial patterns of water storage and their evolution through time by building on past research focused on landscape hydrologic connectivity. The percentage of landscape area connected to the stream network ranged from less than 1% during the fall and winter base flow period to 71% during snowmelt. Over the course of the 2 year study period, 90% of the watershed areas were connected to the stream network for at least 1 day, leaving 10% of area that never became connected. Runoff source areas during the event shifted from riparian dominated runoff to areas at greater distances from the stream network when hillslopes became connected. Our modeling approach elucidates and enables quantification and prediction of watershed active areas and those active areas connected to the stream network through time.
Behavioral Heterochrony
Authors: Wobber Victoria , Hare Brian 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBehavioral heterochrony is the study of the timing and speed of development of behavior from an evolutionary perspective. Key to studies of behavioral heterochrony is the comparison of development across different species. Such studies can illuminate whether a trait thought to be unique to a given species might in fact have its precursors in the early development of a closely related species. They can inform our understanding of how behavioral development is constrained by elements of somatic or reproductive maturation. Studies of behavioral heterochrony can also elucidate mechanisms by which behavior evolves, by targeting evolutionary shifts in developmental pathways. Finally, such studies can enrich our knowledge of human evolution, in contextualizing the vast shifts in human life history patterns relative to other primates in terms of corresponding changes in behavioral and cognitive development. On the whole then, research in behavioral heterochrony can advance our understanding of behavior through forging interdisciplinary links between anthropology, biology, and psychology.
A Zinc‐Dependent Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) from Thauera aromatica, Reducing Cyclic α‐ and β‐Diketones
Authors: Loderer Christoph , Morgenstern Frances , Ansorge‐Schumacher Marion 
Published: May 2015

AbstractZinc‐dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are valuable biocatalysts for the synthesis of chiral hydroxy compounds such as α‐hydroxy ketones and diols, both valuable precursors for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals. However, while highly active on aliphatic or phenyl‐substituted diketones, most well characterized ADHs show no significant activity on cyclic α‐ and β‐diketones. Therefore, this study aimed at the detection of a novel ADH capable to reduce these special targets. It involved a rational screening of biochemical pathways for enzymes with structurally related natural substrates. The so detected 6‐hydroxycyclohex‐1‐ene‐1‐carbonyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (ThaADH) from Thauera aromatica was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography. The characterization revealed a substrate specificity with highest activities on cyclic α‐ and β‐diketones including 1,2‐cyclohexanedione and 1,3‐cyclopentanedione. Structural reasons for this extraordinary substrate spectrum were investigated with a homology model created via Swiss Model server. Although the quality of the model may be improved, it suggests that a bulky aromatic residue, that plays a crucial role in the definition of the substrate binding pockets of most ADHs, is replaced by a glycine residue in ThaADH. We propose that this structural difference leads to the formation of one large binding pocket instead of two smaller ones and consequently to a preference for cyclic diketones over linear bulky substrates. Thus, we have achieved both provision of a novel biocatalyst with high potential in chiral synthesis, and a possible explanation for the measured differences to known ADHs. The described structural motif might be used for identification of further enzymes with a related substrate scope.magnified image
The prevalence and risk factors of Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder among workers injured in Rana Plaza building collapse in Bangladesh
Authors: Fitch Taylor , Villanueva Gabriela , Quadir Mohammad M. , Sagiraju Hari K. R. , Alamgir Hasanat 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesPrevalence and risk factors of PTSD among injured garment workers who survived a major factory collapse.MethodsSurvivors receiving treatment or rehabilitation care at one year post event were surveyed, which included Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Specific version.ResultsThe respondents consisted of 181 people with a mean age of 27.8 years and a majority had less than high school education (91.2%). Multivariable logistic regression found that the odds of having PTSD was higher among married (OR: 3.2 [95% CI: 1.3–8.0]), those who used to work more than 70 hr/week (OR: 2.4 [1.1–5.3]), workers who used to hold higher job positions (OR: 2.6 [1.2–5.6]) or who had a concussion injury (OR: 3.7 [1.4–9.8]). Among the respondents, 83.4% remained unemployed, and only 57.3% (63 people) reported receiving a quarter or less of what they were promised as compensation.ConclusionsProbable PTSD was prevalent among surviving workers of the Rana Plaza building collapse in Bangladesh. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:756–763, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylic Alkylation with Functionalized Organozinc Bromides
Authors: Hamilton James Y. , Sarlah David , Carreira Erick M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIridium‐catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation of branched racemic carbonates with functionalized alkylzinc bromide reagents is described. Enabled by a chiral Ir/(P,olefin) complex, the method described allows allylic substitution with various primary and secondary alkyl nucleophiles with excellent regio‐ and enantioselectivities. The developed reaction was showcased in a concise, asymmetric synthesis of (−)‐preclamol.