bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gingival fibroblast responsiveness is differentially affected by Porphyromonas gingivalis: implications for the pathogenesis of periodontitis
Authors: Scheres N. , Crielaard W. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryIn periodontitis, tissue damage results mainly from aberrant host responses to oral microorganisms. Fibroblasts can play an important role in this. Gingival fibroblasts do not develop tolerance against the lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone pathogen in periodontitis, which may partly explain the persistence of inflammation. However, besides lipopolysaccharide, live P. gingivalis possess numerous virulence traits to impair host‐responses. We hypothesized that fibroblast‐responsiveness to a bacterial challenge could be affected by live P. gingivalis. We investigated if inflammatory responses of gingival fibroblasts to P. gingivalis were altered, when the fibroblasts had encountered P. gingivalis previously. On consecutive days, primary human gingival fibroblasts were challenged twice for 6 h with live P. gingivalis, or fibroblasts were preincubated for 24 h with a lower concentration of live P. gingivalis and re‐challenged for 6 h with a higher concentration. As the P. gingivalis capsule and proteases are involved in modulating host responses, we used encapsulated P. gingivalis W83 and a non‐encapsulated mutant, and P. gingivalis ATCC33277 and a lys‐gingipain and arg‐gingipain mutant, to challenge fibroblasts. With all P. gingivalis‐strains, interleukin‐8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 responses to the second challenge were less strong in fibroblasts that had been challenged with P. gingivalis before. These lower responses might correspond with higher interleukin‐1 receptor agonist expression. Fibroblast responses to a second challenge were not influenced by 24 h preincubation. Reduced chemokine responses after consecutive potent P. gingivalis challenges indicate that gingival fibroblast responsiveness is affected by a previous bacterial encounter. In periodontitis, such reduced chemokine responses may impair chemotaxis and clearance of oral microorganisms, thereby leading to prolonged inflammatory responses and tissue damage.
Linear Congenital Molluscum Contagiosum on the Coccygeal Region
Authors: Ujiie Hideyuki , Aoyagi Satoru , Hirata Yu , Osawa Rinko , Shimizu Hiroshi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCongenital molluscum contagiosum is rare but has been reported previously. We present a unique case of linear congenital molluscum on the coccygeal region. To make a correct diagnosis, avoid unnecessary examination, and start appropriate treatment as soon as possible, it is beneficial for dermatologists to be aware that molluscum contagiosum can present at birth and can be linear.
Wiskott‐Aldrich Syndrome Caused by a New Mutation Associated with Multifocal Dermal Juvenile Xanthogranulomas
Authors: Jesenak Milos , Plamenova Ivana , Plank Lukas , Banovcin Peter 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWiskott‐Aldrich syndrome is a rare X‐linked primary immunodeficiency clinically characterized by the triad of microthrombocytopenia, immunodeficiency, and eczema. Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a well‐recognized benign disorder of infancy and early childhood from the group of non‐Langerhans cell histiocytoses, with a good prognosis and spontaneous involution. We report a boy with Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome caused by a new, not previously described mutation associated with multifocal juvenile xanthogranuloma.
Photodynamic Tumor Eradication With a Novel Targetable Photosensitizer: Strong Vascular Effects and Dependence on Treatment Repetition Versus Potentiation
Authors: Savellano Mark D. , Owusu‐Brackett Nicci , Son Ji , Ganga Tanay , Leung Nadia L. , Savellano Dagmar H. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA novel pyropheophorbide‐a (PPa) derivative, Ac‐sPPp, was developed in our lab for targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) and combination therapies. Its versatile peptide moiety, high water‐solubility, amphiphilicity, and micellar aggregation allow efficient coupling to targeting moieties and convenient mixing with other therapeutics. Photosensitizer immunoconjugate (PIC) targeted PDT, using Ac‐sPPp conjugated to therapeutic anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody cetuximab, and PDT + chemotherapy combination treatment, using Ac‐sPPp mixed with stealth liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil), were investigated as promising strategies for potentiating PDT and improving target specificity. Passively targeted PDT with Ac‐sPPp only or surfactant‐solubilized PPa was also investigated for comparison. The A‐431 human vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, xenografted in nude mice, was chosen as a tumor model because of its high EGFR expression and sensitivity to liposomal doxorubicin in vitro. Fluorescence imaging and PDT experiments showed that Ac‐sPPp formulations circulated far longer and provided superior tumor contrast and superior tumor control compared to PPa. Strong PDT vascular effects were observed by laser Doppler imaging regardless of whether Ac‐sPPp was passively or actively targeted. Passively targeted Ac‐sPPp PDT gave equivalent or better tumor control than PIC‐targeted PDT or PDT + Doxil combination therapy, and when treatments were repeated, it also yielded the highest cure rate.
Preparation and Characterization of Ag‐Loaded SmVO4 for Photocatalysis Application
Authors: Li Tingting , He Yiming , Cai Jun , Lin Hongjun , Luo Mengfei , Zhao Leihong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAg/SmVO4 composite photocatalysts were synthesized and characterized by BET, XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, XPS and DRS techniques. Their photocatalytic activities were determined by oxidative decomposition of RhB in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The charge separation efficiency was evaluated by the photocurrent‐time and ֹOH‐trapping experiments. The results revealed that the loaded Ag species greatly improved the efficiency in charge separation, and thus led to enhanced photocatalytic activities compared with that of the pure SmVO4. The sample contained 0.5 wt% Ag and heated at 500°C presents the highest photoactivity.
Comparison of manual versus automatic continuous positive airway pressure titration and the development of a predictive equation for therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure in Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Luo Jiaying , Xiao Sichang , Qiu Zhihui , Song Ning , Luo Yuanming 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackground and objectiveWhether the therapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) derived from manual titration is the same as derived from automatic titration is controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic pressure derived from manual titration with automatic titration.MethodsFifty‐one patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) (mean apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) = 50.6 ± 18.6 events/h) who were newly diagnosed after an overnight full polysomnography and who were willing to accept CPAP as a long‐term treatment were recruited for the study. Manual titration during full polysomnography monitoring and unattended automatic titration with an automatic CPAP device (REMstar Auto) were performed. A separate cohort study of one hundred patients with OSA (AHI = 54.3 ± 18.9 events/h) was also performed by observing the efficacy of CPAP derived from manual titration.ResultsThe treatment pressure derived from automatic titration (9.8 ± 2.2 cmH2O) was significantly higher than that derived from manual titration (7.3 ± 1.5 cmH2O; P < 0.001) in 51 patients. The cohort study of 100 patients showed that AHI was satisfactorily decreased after CPAP treatment using a pressure derived from manual titration (54.3 ± 18.9 events/h before treatment and 3.3 ± 1.7 events/h after treatment; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe results suggest that automatic titration pressure derived from REMstar Auto is usually higher than the pressure derived from manual titration.
The Polycomb group protein MEDEA and the DNA methyltransferase MET1 interact to repress autonomous endosperm development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Schmidt Anja , Wöhrmann Heike J. P. , Raissig Michael T. , Arand Julia , Gheyselinck Jacqueline , Gagliardini Valeria , Heichinger Christian , Walter Joern , Grossniklaus Ueli 
Published: November 2012

SummaryIn flowering plants, double fertilization of the female gametes, the egg and the central cell, initiates seed development to give rise to a diploid embryo and the triploid endosperm. In the absence of fertilization, the FERTILIZATION‐INDEPENDENT SEED Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (FIS‐PRC2) represses this developmental process by histone methylation of certain target genes. The FERTILIZATION‐INDEPENDENT SEED (FIS) class genes MEDEA (MEA) and FERTILIZATION‐INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM (FIE) encode two of the core components of this complex. In addition, DNA methylation establishes and maintains the repression of gene activity, for instance via DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE1 (MET1), which maintains methylation of symmetric CpG residues. Here, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis MET1 interacts with MEA in vitro and in a yeast two‐hybrid assay, similar to the previously identified interaction of the mammalian homologues DNMT1 and EZH2. MET1 and MEA share overlapping expression patterns in reproductive tissues before and after fertilization, a prerequisite for an interaction in vivo. Importantly, a much higher percentage of central cells initiate endosperm development in the absence of fertilization in mea‐1/MEA; met1‐3/MET1 as compared to mea‐1/MEA mutant plants. In addition, DNA methylation at the PHERES1 and MEA loci, imprinted target genes of the FIS‐PRC2, was affected in the mea‐1 mutant compared with wild‐type embryos. In conclusion, our data suggest a mechanistic link between two major epigenetic pathways involved in histone and DNA methylation in plants by physical interaction of MET1 with the FIS‐PRC2 core component MEA. This concerted action is relevant for the repression of seed development in the absence of fertilization.
Auxin signal transcription factor regulates expression of the brassinosteroid receptor gene in rice
Authors: Sakamoto Tomoaki , Morinaka Yoichi , Inukai Yoshiaki , Kitano Hidemi , Fujioka Shozo 
Published: November 2012

SummaryThe phytohormones auxins and brassinosteroids are both essential regulators of physiological and developmental processes, and it has been suggested that they act inter‐dependently and synergistically. In rice (Oryza sativa), auxin co‐application improves the brassinosteroid response in the rice lamina inclination bioassay. Here, we showed that auxins stimulate brassinosteroid perception by regulating the level of brassinosteroid receptor. Auxin treatment increased expression of the rice brassinosteroid receptor gene OsBRI1. The promoter of OsBRI1 contains an auxin‐response element (AuxRE) that is targeted by auxin‐response factor (ARF) transcription factors. An AuxRE mutation abolished the induction of OsBRI1 expression by auxins, and OsBRI1 expression was down‐regulated in an arf mutant. The AuxRE motif in the OsBRI1 promoter, and thus the transient up‐regulation of OsBRI1 expression caused by treatment with indole‐3‐acetic acid, is essential for the indole‐3‐acetic acid‐induced increase in sensitivity to brassinosteroids. These findings demonstrate that some ARFs control the degree of brassinosteroid perception required for normal growth and development in rice. Although multi‐level interactions between auxins and brassinosteroids have previously been reported, our findings suggest a mechanism by which auxins control cellular sensitivity to brassinosteroids, and further support the notion that interactions between auxins and brassinosteroids are extensive and complex.
SIMPLE LEAF3 encodes a ribosome‐associated protein required for leaflet development in Cardamine hirsuta
Authors: Kougioumoutzi Evangelia , Cartolano Maria , Canales Claudia , Dupré Mhairi , Bramsiepe Jonathan , Vlad Daniela , Rast Madlen , Ioio Raffaele Dello , Tattersall Alex , Schnittger Arp , Hay Angela , Tsiantis Miltos 
Published: November 2012

SummaryLeaves show considerable variation in shape, and may be described as simple, when the leaf is entire, or dissected, when the leaf is divided into individual leaflets. Here, we report that the SIMPLE LEAF3 (SIL3) gene is a novel determinant of leaf shape in Cardamine hirsuta – a dissected‐leaved relative of the simple‐leaved model species Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that SIL3 is required for leaf growth and leaflet formation but leaf initiation is less sensitive to perturbation of SIL3 activity. SIL3 is further required for KNOX (knotted1‐like homeobox) gene expression and localized auxin activity maxima, both of which are known to promote leaflet formation. We cloned SIL3 and showed that it encodes RLI2 (RNase L inhibitor 2), an ATP binding cassette‐type ATPase with important roles in ribosome recycling and translation termination that are conserved in eukaryotes and archaea. RLI mutants have not been described in plants to date, and this paper highlights the potential of genetic studies in C. hirsuta to uncover novel gene functions. Our data indicate that leaflet development is sensitive to perturbation of RLI2‐dependent aspects of cellular growth, and link ribosome function with dissected‐leaf development.
Comparison of hematologic, biochemical, and coagulation parameters in α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout pigs, wild‐type pigs, and four primate species
Authors: Ekser Burcin , Bianchi John , Ball Suyapa , Iwase Hayato , Walters Anneke , Ezzelarab Mohamed , Veroux Massimiliano , Gridelli Bruno , Wagner Robert , Ayares David , Cooper David K.C. 
Published: November 2012

Ekser B, Bianchi J, Ball S, Iwase H, Walters A, Ezzelarab M, Veroux M, Gridelli B, Wagner R, Ayares D, Cooper DKC. Comparison of hematologic, biochemical, and coagulation parameters in α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout pigs, wild‐type pigs, and four primate species. Xenotransplantation 2012; 19: 342–354. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  The increasing availability of genetically engineered pigs is steadily improving the results of pig organ and cell transplantation in non‐human primates (NHPs). Current techniques offer knockout of pig genes and/or knockin of human genes. Knowledge of normal values of hematologic, biochemical, coagulation, and other parameters in healthy genetically engineered pigs and NHPs is important, particularly following pig organ transplantation in NHPs. Furthermore, information on parameters in various NHP species may prove important in selecting the optimal NHP model for specific studies.Methods:  We have collected hematologic, biochemical, and coagulation data on 71 α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout (GTKO) pigs, 18 GTKO pigs additionally transgenic for human CD46 (GTKO.hCD46), four GTKO.hCD46 pigs additionally transgenic for human CD55 (GTKO.hCD46.hCD55), and two GTKO.hCD46 pigs additionally transgenic for human thrombomodulin (GTKO.hCD46.hTBM).Results:  We report these data and compare them with similar data from wild‐type pigs and the three major NHP species commonly used in biomedical research (baboons, cynomolgus, and rhesus monkeys) and humans, largely from previously published reports.Conclusions:  Genetic modification of the pig (e.g., deletion of the Gal antigen and/or the addition of a human transgene) (i) does not result in abnormalities in hematologic, biochemical, or coagulation parameters that might impact animal welfare, (ii) seems not to alter metabolic function of vital organs, although this needs to be confirmed after their xenotransplantation, and (iii) possibly (though, by no means certainly) modifies the hematologic, biochemical, and coagulation parameters closer to human values. This study may provide a good reference for those working with genetically engineered pigs in xenotransplantation research and eventually in clinical xenotransplantation.
Sport injuries and illnesses during the first Winter Youth Olympic Games 2012 in Innsbruck, Austria
Authors: Ruedl Gerhard , Schobersberger Wolfgang , Pocecco Elena , Blank Cornelia , Engebretsen Lars , Soligard Torbjørn , Steffen Kathrin , Kopp Martin , Burtscher Martin 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundData on the injury and illness risk among young elite athletes are of utmost importance, because injuries and illnesses can counter the beneficial effects of sports participation at a young age, if children or adolescents are unable to continue to participate because of residual effects of injury or chronic illness.ObjectiveTo analyse the frequencies and characteristics of injuries and illnesses during the 2012 Innsbruck Winter Youth Olympic Games (IYOG).MethodsWe employed the International Olympic Committee (IOC) injury surveillance system for multisport events, which was updated for the Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver 2010. All National Olympic Committees (NOCs) were asked to report the daily occurrence (or non-occurrence) of newly sustained injuries and illnesses on a standardised reporting form. In addition, information on athletes treated for injuries and illnesses by the Local Organizing Committee medical services was retrieved from the medical centre at the Youth Olympic Village and from the University hospital in Innsbruck.ResultsAmong the 1021 registered athletes (45% women, 55% men) from 69 NOCs, a total of 111 injuries and 86 illnesses, during the IYOG, were reported, resulting in an incidence of 108.7 injuries and 84.2 illnesses per 1000 registered athletes, respectively. Injury frequency was highest in skiing in the halfpipe (44%) and snowboarding (halfpipe and slope style: 35%), followed by ski cross (17%), ice hockey (15%), alpine skiing (14%) and figure skating (12%), taking into account the respective number of participating athletes. Knee, pelvis, head, lower back and shoulders were the most common injury locations. About 60% of injuries occurred in competition and about 40% in training, respectively. In total, 32% of the injuries resulted in an absence from training or competition. With regard to illnesses, 11% of women and 6% of men suffered from an illness (RR=1.84 (95% CI 1.21 to 2.78), p=0.003). The respiratory system was affected most often (61%).ConclusionsEleven per cent of the athletes suffered from an injury and 9% from illnesses, during the IYOG. The presented data constitute the basis for future analyses of injury mechanisms and associated risk factors in Olympic Winter sports, which, in turn, will be essential to develop and implement effective preventive strategies for young elite winter-sport athletes.
Colour reconnections in Herwig++
Authors: Gieseke Stefan , Röhr Christian , Siódmok Andrzej 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe describe the implementation details of the colour reconnection model in the event generator Herwig++. We study the impact on final-state observables in detail and confirm the model idea from colour preconfinement on the basis of studies within the cluster hadronization model. Moreover, we show that the description of minimum bias and underlying event data at the LHC is improved with this model and present results of a tune to available data.
The Promise of Combining Inhibition of PI3K and PARP as Cancer Therapy
Authors: Rehman Farah L. , Lord Christopher J. , Ashworth Alan 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Analyses of in vitro and patient-derived in vivo models of breast cancer reveal that a combination of inhibitors of the enzymes PARP and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is a potentially effective treatment regimen for breast cancer tumors with elevated activity of the PI3K pathway. Cancer Discov; 2(11); 982–4. ©2012 AACR.
Commentary on Ibrahim et al., p. 1036.
Commentary on Juvekar et al., p. 1048.
The Inflow to Tropical Cyclone Humberto (2001) as Viewed with Azimuth–Height Surfaces over Three Days
Authors: Barnes Gary M. , Dolling Klaus P. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The deployment of 228 global positioning system dropwindsondes (GPS sondes), over three consecutive days in Tropical Cyclone Humberto (2001), allows for the creation of azimuth–height (ϕ–z) surfaces from sea level to 3-km altitude at 0.25° and 0.5° latitude distance from the storm center. The authors estimate the radial flow along these ϕ–z surfaces to diagnose the mass flux through said surfaces as Humberto deepens from 1000 to 983 hPa from the first to the second day, then fills to 992 hPa by the third day. As the tropical cyclone (TC) intensifies the width, depth, and rate of inflow increase. The inflow remains a wavenumber-1 pattern throughout the three days. The center of the inflow rotates clockwise over this period following the expected forcing due to both the tropical cyclone motion and deep layer shear vectors. Net vertical mass flux, based on continuity within a given volume, is correlated with TC intensity only for the inner 0.25° ϕ–z surface. Slightly farther from the center, at 0.5° radial distance, the net mass flux is much larger but is not correlated with intensity. The rainbands that exist between the 0.25° and the 0.50° rings are ineffective at either creating or maintaining a warm core and lowering the surface pressure. The authors speculate that the warming associated with convective bands at larger radii is more easily eroded by the strong wind shear; convective bands nearer the center produce a more complete wind field that protects the warm core.
Spread Calibration of Ensemble MOS Forecasts
Authors: Veenhuis Bruce A. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Ensemble forecasting systems often contain systematic biases and spread deficiencies that can be corrected by statistical postprocessing. This study presents an improvement to an ensemble statistical postprocessing technique, called ensemble kernel density model output statistics (EKDMOS). EKDMOS uses model output statistics (MOS) equations and spread–skill relationships to generate calibrated probabilistic forecasts. The MOS equations are multiple linear regression equations developed by relating observations to ensemble mean-based predictors. The spread–skill relationships are one-term linear regression equations that predict the expected accuracy of the ensemble mean given the ensemble spread. To generate an EKDMOS forecast, the MOS equations are applied to each ensemble member. Kernel density fitting is used to create a probability density function (PDF) from the ensemble MOS forecasts. The PDF spread is adjusted to match the spread predicted by the spread–skill relationship, producing a calibrated forecast. The improved EKDMOS technique was used to produce probabilistic 2-m temperature forecasts from the North American Ensemble Forecast System (NAEFS) over the period 1 October 2007–31 March 2010. The results were compared with an earlier spread adjustment technique, as well as forecasts generated by rank sorting the bias-corrected ensemble members. Compared to the other techniques, the new EKDMOS forecasts were more reliable, had a better calibrated spread–error relationship, and showed increased day-to-day spread variability.