bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ischemic stroke and heart failure: facts and numbers
Authors: Scherbakov Nadja , Haeusler Karl Georg , Doehner Wolfram 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is pandemic in the modern society. Comorbidities of HF come increasingly to the fore in today's patient presentation and demand multidisciplinary treatment concepts. Ischemic stroke is a major comorbidity in HF patients and frequently contributes to the adverse outcome and functional dependency. Patients with HF are two‐fold to three‐fold more likely to suffer an ischemic stroke, have more than two times higher mortality and show worse functional outcome after stroke compared with non‐HF subjects. The risk of recurrent stroke is about two‐fold elevated in patients with HF. The risk of stroke increased with time duration of HF from 18 per 100 cases in the first year of HF to 47 per 1000 patients within the next 4‐5 years. Moreover, so called ‘silent’ strokes (clinically asymptomatic brain lesions) are two to four times more likely in HF patients. In turn, 10–24% of stroke patients have HF. Specific characteristics of the interaction between ischemic stroke and HF have been uncovered in recent years. However, gaps in present knowledge need to be addressed in future studies. What are the detailed pathophysiologic links beyond atrial fibrillation, stroke patterns, and time courses in the interaction? What implication has HF with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction? Does treatment of HF prevents ischemic stroke or reduces stroke‐related sequelae? This editorial provides a condensed overview on current insights and presents facts and numbers on the interaction between heart failure and ischemic stroke.
HuR keeps interferon‐β mRNA stable
Authors: Takeuchi Osamu 
Published: March 2015

The expression of interferon (IFN) β is highly induced in immune and nonimmune cells in response to virus infection. This upregulation is mediated at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Whereas the signaling pathways triggered by innate virus receptors leading to transcription factor activation have been extensively studied, the mechanisms by which IFN‐β mRNA stability is posttranscriptionally controlled are not fully understood. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Herdy et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2015 45:1500–1511] show that a human RNA‐binding protein, embryonic lethal, abnormal vision, drosophila‐like 1 (ELAVL1)/Hu antigen R (HuR), strongly associates with IFN‐β mRNA via AU‐rich sequences present in its 3′ untranslated region in various human cell lines. The authors show that ELAVL1/HuR is required for the stabilization of IFN‐β mRNA, and suppression of ELAVL1/HuR by its inhibitor MS‐444 leads to impaired expression of IFN‐β in response to viral dsRNA treatment. Thus, this study uncovers a novel mechanism of posttranscriptional IFN‐β mRNA regulation in response to virus infection, through IFN‐β stabilization by ELAVL1/HuR. Future studies are expected to identify further regulatory mechanisms of IFN‐β stabilization and destabilization in the course of antiviral responses.
Fe,Pd Co‐Incorporated LaCoO3 Perovskites: Modification of Thermal Stability and Catalytic Activity for Gasoline Vehicle Exhaust Purification
Authors: Hu Lingjun , Zhou Chen , Wu Chunzheng , Zhou Shenghu , Wang Wei Guo , Yin Hongfeng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA series of LaCo0.95–xFexPd0.05O3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) perovskite‐type catalysts have been prepared by a modified sol–gel method. Their structures and physicochemical properties have been studied by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) isotherm technique, and temperature‐programmed reduction (TPR). Structural characterization showed that Fe had been successfully doped into the perovskite lattice and that Fe doping improves the stability of LaCo0.95Pd0.05O3. A study of the catalysts showed that aged samples maintain the perovskite structure. They all exhibited similar catalytic performance, which has been ascribed to the similar state of palladium at the surface of the catalysts. Of these as‐prepared catalysts, the Fe‐doped perovskites achieved better catalytic activities than LaCo0.95Pd0.05O3, and LaCo0.65Fe0.3Pd0.05O3 showed the optimal catalytic performance for vehicle emission purification.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of a Family of Undecanuclear [CuII9LnIII2] Nanoclusters
Authors: Kuang Wei‐Wei , Zhu Li‐Li , Li Li‐Cun , Yang Pei‐Pei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe syntheses, crystal structures, and magnetic properties of a novel family of heterometallic aggregates [CuII9LnIII2(μ3‐OH)8(mea)4(C3H7COO)4(NO3)2Cl6(MeOH)4(H2O)2]·3MeOH·2H2O [Ln = Eu (1), Gd (2), Tb (3), Dy (4)] are reported. The compounds were obtained by the direct reaction of monoethanolamine (Hmea) with CuCl2·2H2O and Ln(NO3)3·6H2O in the presence of sodium butyrate (C3H7COONa) in MeOH/MeCN solution. Compounds 1–4 are isomorphous and have an intriguing heterometallic undecanuclear [Cu9Ln2] core that contains a [3 × 3] [Cu9] grid and two [LnCu4] tetragonal pyramids that share a common [Cu4] vertex. Compounds 1–4 are the first high‐nuclearity 3d‐4f aggregates bearing a monoethanolamine (Hmea) ligand to be reported. The magnetic properties of 1–4 have been investigated by dc and ac susceptibility measurements. A detailed magnetic analysis revealed that antiferromagnetic Cu···Cu interactions and ferromagnetic Cu···Gd couplings exist in [Cu9Gd2] (2), which exhibits a significant magnetocaloric effect. Furthermore, [Cu9Tb2] (3) and [Cu9Dy2] (4) display slow relaxation of the magnetization.
Second‐Sphere Complexation of Thorium(IV) by Cucurbit[6]uril with Included Perrhenate Counterions – Crystal Structure and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis
Authors: Thuéry Pierre 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe reaction of thorium(IV) nitrate with cucurbit[6]uril (CB6) in the presence of perrhenic acid in water gives the complex [Th(NO3)(H2O)8][(ReO4)(CB6)](ReO4)2·3H2O (1). Aquated cations are held at both CB6 portals by ion–dipole and hydrogen‐bonding interactions, and one of the ReO4– anions is included in the CB6 cavity. The packing displays columns of alternate cations and encapsulated anions. Hirshfeld surfaces are used to visualize short contacts between the species present.
Simplified sample preparation and rapid detection by RP‐HPLC/FLD of tocopherols and tocotrienols in margarines: Preliminary screening of plant fats—potential quality markers
Authors: Górnaś Paweł , Siger Aleksander 
Published: March 2015

A simplified, rapid, and accurate method for sample preparation and determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols (vitamin E) in margarine was developed. For this purpose, 28 margarines with different amounts of fat (20, 39, 60, 70, 75, and 80%) and of two types (spreads and cooking fats) were used. Sample preparation was reduced to a limited number of rapid steps: weighting, melting, diluting, vortexing, and centrifugation, following which the samples were directly injected to the HPLC system. The developed method prevented analyte losses and was characterized by good repeatability and reproducibility (1.4–5.5% and 2.9–9.9%, respectively) and accuracy range (97.9–101.2%) as well as recovery of tocopherols and tocotrienols when compared to the saponification method (89.4–104.4%), without any interference of other compounds from the margarine matrix and thus reduced the risk of potential measurement errors. Fat content in margarine samples did not have any negative impact on precision, accuracy or recovery of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Concentrations of tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3) homologues in margarine samples depended on the fat content and ranged from 2.65–26.27 (α‐T), 0.02–0.70 (β‐T), 4.23–23.60 (γ‐T), 0.08–2.34 (δ‐T), 0.39–15.05 (α‐T3), 0.00–1.36 (β‐T3), 0.49–20.08 (γ‐T3), and 0.00–5.28 mg/100 g (δ‐T3).Practical applications: The necessity to ensure high quality and nutritional value of food products results in the need to develop new high quality analytical methods. This paper describes a simple, rapid and accurate method of sample preparation, preventing analyte losses, and facilitating fast determination of all tocopherol and tocotrienol homologues by RP‐HPLC/FLD in margarines containing different amounts of fat (20, 39, 60, 70, 75, and 80%). Margarines are a significant source of vitamin E in our daily diet; therefore, the developed method could be implemented in industry both in routine control and to improve nutrition information about the product provided on the label and also as the first screening test to assess the possible origin of the fat used for margarine production (with tocopherols and tocotrienols as quality markers).Tocopherol and tocotrienol homologues (α, β, γ, and δ) in margarine samples with different amounts of fat (20–80%) were successfully separated by using RP‐HPLC/FLD. The developed method is characterized by ease of implementation, speed, reliability, prevents analyte losses (quantification errors), saves solvents, and does not affect quality of analysis. As the developed method has been simplified and accelerated (reducing time and costs), it may be applied as the preliminary screening test to assess the possible origin of the fat used for margarine production (tocopherols and tocotrienols as quality markers).
A Photocleavable Auxiliary for Extended Native Chemical Ligation
Authors: Nadler Christina , Nadler André , Hansen Christine , Diederichsen Ulf 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTo extend the scope of native chemical ligations beyond X‐Cys connections, auxiliaries that contain thiol moieties were developed to mimic the function of the Cys residue in the ligation reaction/capture step. Auxiliaries known so far feature complicated attachment protocols and generally need harsh conditions for their cleavage. Herein, we present the development of a new photoremovable ligation auxiliary, which is easily synthesized and attached to peptides that contain a variety of N‐terminal amino acids by a reductive amination reaction. Ligations at Gly‐Gly and Ala‐Gly junctions were carried out with high conversion, and the auxiliary can be cleaved from the final product by using a mild photolysis protocol. This methodological advancement is an important step forward in peptide ligation chemistry.
Organocatalyzed Enantioselective Allylation of Isatins by Using a Chiral Amino Alcohol Derived Squaramide as Catalyst
Authors: Ghosh Debashis , Gupta Naveen , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Nandi Sekhar , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Bajaj Hari C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA series of new squaramide‐based organocatalysts were synthesized from commercially available 3,4‐dimethoxycyclobut‐3‐ene‐1,2‐dione in two steps. A 2.5 mol‐% loading of the organocatalyst successfully catalyzed the asymmetric allylation of isatins with allyltributyltin to give the corresponding 3‐allyl‐3‐hydroxyoxindoles in high yields and enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee).
RhI‐Catalyzed Site‐Selective Decarbonylative Alkenylation and Arylation of Quinolones under Chelation Assistance
Authors: Kwon Soonhyung , Kang Dahye , Hong Sungwoo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAn efficient catalytic system for the C‐2 selective C–H functionalization of 4‐quinolones was developed by using a decarbonylative coupling strategy. The installation of an N‐pyrimidyl group on the quinolone nitrogen atom redirected the coordination between the catalyst and the carbonyl group to promote direct C–H functionalization at the 2‐position of 4‐quinolones. In addition, the present protocol was successfully applied to the C‐3 selective installation of a variety of aryl and vinyl groups on an isoquinolone scaffold.
Cooperative Catalysis of Cyclic Carbonate Ring Opening: Application Towards Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethane Materials
Authors: Lombardo Vince M. , Dhulst Elizabeth A. , Leitsch Emily K. , Wilmot Nathan , Heath William H. , Gies Anthony P. , Miller Matthew D. , Torkelson John M. , Scheidt Karl A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe reaction between cyclic carbonates and amines to produce hydroxyurethanes is an important alternative to current urethane chemistry. In order to address the issue of slow reaction rates, an efficient ring opening of cyclic carbonates with amines has been achieved utilizing cooperative catalysis. A new Lewis acid/Lewis base combination substantially decreases the reaction times for small molecule systems to reach complete conversion. Although triazabicyclodecene (TBD) has a substantial impact on the reaction rate, the addition of lithium triflate (LiOTf) as a co‐catalyst allows for the fastest ring opening reported in the current literature. Cooperative catalysis is also applied to the synthesis of polymers containing hydroxyurethane linkages and is able to achieve rapid conversion of the bis‐cyclic carbonate and diamine precursors when compared with the uncatalyzed reaction.
A novel method for assessing bladder‐related pain reveals the involvement of nerve growth factor in pain associated with cyclophosphamide‐induced chronic cystitis in mice
Authors: Fujita M. , Kasai E. , Omachi S. , Sakaguchi G. , Shinohara S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundPain is a prominent feature of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. There is a lack of well‐characterized research tools, such as pain evaluation methods and experimental animal models, for investigating non‐ulcerative cystitis. We developed a novel method for evaluating bladder pain in mice with cyclophosphamide (CYP)‐induced cystitis.MethodsCystitis was produced by a single intraperitoneal injection of CYP (300 mg/kg) or repeated injections of CYP (150 mg/kg once daily for 4 days). Blunt stimulation with a cotton probe was applied to the abdominal region, and the thresholds for withdrawal responses were measured quantitatively using an anaesthesiometer.ResultsThe single injection of CYP provoked acute cystitis with severe bladder inflammation in mice. In these mice, we could detect an increased sensitivity to blunt stimulation, which was abolished by intravesical lidocaine. The stimulation induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases in bladder‐projecting sensory neurons. Chronic treatment with CYP produced persistent pain responses to the blunt stimulus. Although there were few signs of bladder inflammation in these mice, the concentration of nerve growth factor (NGF) was elevated in bladder tissue, and NGF antiserum inhibited the hypersensitivity.ConclusionsThe blunt probe method is useful for evaluating bladder pain signalling in mice, and revealed the involvement of an NGF‐sensitive pain pathway in chronic cystitis pain. This assessment method may be useful for studying the pathophysiology of bladder pain and for developing therapeutic strategies for non‐ulcerative IC/PBS in patients.
Spinal cord compression injury in lysophosphatidic acid 1 receptor‐null mice promotes maladaptive pronociceptive descending control
Authors: Suardíaz M. , Galan‐Arriero I. , Avila‐Martin G. , Estivill‐Torrús G. , de Fonseca F.R. , Chun J. , Gómez‐Soriano J. , Bravo‐Esteban E. , Taylor J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundAlthough activation of the lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) is known to mediate pronociceptive effects in peripheral pain models, the role of this receptor in the modulation of spinal nociception following spinal cord injury (SCI) is unknown.AimIn this study, LPA1 regulation of spinal excitability mediated by supraspinal descending antinociceptive control systems was assessed following SCI in both wild‐type (WT) and maLPA1‐null receptor mice.MethodsThe effect of a T8 spinal compression in WT and maLPA1‐null mice was assessed up to 1 month after SCI using histological, immunohistochemical and behavioural techniques analysis including electrophysiological recording of noxious toes‐Tibialis Anterior (TA) stimulus‐response reflex activity. The effect of a T3 paraspinal transcutaneous electrical conditioning stimulus on TA noxious reflex temporal summation was also assessed.ResultsHistological analysis demonstrated greater dorsolateral funiculus damage after SCI in maLPA1‐null mice, without a change in the stimulus‐response function of the TA noxious reflex when compared to WT mice. While T3 conditioning stimulation in the WT group inhibited noxious TA reflex temporal summation after SCI, this stimulus strongly excited TA reflex temporal summation in maLPA1‐null mice. The functional switch from descending inhibition to maladaptive facilitation of central excitability of spinal nociception demonstrated in maLPA1‐null mice after SCI was unrelated to a general change in reflex activity.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the LPA1 receptor is necessary for inhibition of temporal summation of noxious reflex activity, partly mediated via long‐tract descending modulatory systems acting at the spinal level.
Electroanalysis of Benazepril Hydrochloride Antihypertensive Drug Using an Ionic Liquid Crystal Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Galal Ahmed , Atta Nada F. , Azab Shereen M. , Ibrahim Asmaa H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractElectroanalysis of benazepril HCl was successful using a carbon paste electrode modified with an ionic liquid crystal (1‐butyl‐1‐methylpiperidinium hexafluorophosphate) in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The electrode performance was compared to ionic liquids (1‐n‐hexyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 1‐butyl‐4‐methyl pyridinium tetrafluoroborate). Electrochemical determination of benazepril HCl was in the linear dynamic range of 8.89×10−7 to 1.77×10−5 mol L−1 (correlation coefficient 0.999) and LOD 7.17×10−9 mol L−1. benazepril HCl was determined using this sensor in presence of urine metabolites such as uric acid, ascorbic acid. Binary mixtures of dopamine/benazepril and amlodipine/benazepril were also determined successfully.
Average spectral acceleration as an intensity measure for collapse risk assessment
Authors: Eads Laura , Miranda Eduardo , Lignos Dimitrios G. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis paper investigates the performance of spectral acceleration averaged over a period range (Saavg) as an intensity measure (IM) for estimating the collapse risk of structures subjected to earthquake loading. The performance of Saavg is evaluated using the following criteria: efficiency, sufficiency, the availability or ease of developing probabilistic seismic hazard information in terms of the IM and the variability of collapse risk estimates produced by the IM. Comparisons are also made between Saavg and the more traditional IM: spectral acceleration at the first‐mode period of the structure (Sa(T1)). Though most previous studies have evaluated IMs using a relatively limited set of structures, this paper considers nearly 700 moment‐resisting frame and shear wall structures of various heights to compare the efficiency and sufficiency of the IMs. The collapse risk estimates produced by Saavg and Sa(T1) are also compared, and the variability of the risk estimates is evaluated when different ground motion sets are used to assess the structural response. The results of this paper suggest that Saavg, when computed using an appropriate period range, is generally more efficient, more likely to be sufficient and provides more stable collapse risk estimates than Sa(T1). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating the Productivity Potential of Chickpea, Lentil and Faba Bean Under Saline Water Irrigation Systems
Authors: Arslan A. , Majid G. A. , Abdallah K. , Rameshwaran P. , Ragab R. , Singh M. , Qadir M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe information on salinity threshold levels for food legumes when irrigating with saline water is limited and old. In a multi‐year study at two sites in the Euphrates Basin, we aimed at (i) evaluating the potential of saline water irrigation for chickpea, faba bean and lentil production; and (ii) using the SALTMED model to determine threshold crop yields based on irrigation water salinity in equilibrium with ambient soil solution salinity. To evaluate 15 accessions each of lentil and chickpea, and 11 accessions of faba bean, three irrigation treatments were used with salinity levels of 0.87, 2.50 and 3.78 dS m‐1 at Hassake and 0.70, 3.0 and 5.0 dS m‐1 at Raqqa. Aggregated grain yields showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among crop accessions. Calibration and validation of the SALTMED model revealed a close relationship between actual grain yields from the field sites and those predicted by the model. The 50% yield reduction (π50 value) in chickpea, lentil, and faba bean occurred at salinity levels of 4.2, 4.4 and 5.2 dS m‐1, respectively. These results suggest that of the three food legume crops, faba bean can withstand relatively high levels of irrigation water salinity, followed by lentil and chickpea. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Test battery with the human cell line activation test, direct peptide reactivity assay and DEREK based on a 139 chemical data set for predicting skin sensitizing potential and potency of chemicals
Authors: Takenouchi Osamu , Fukui Shiho , Okamoto Kenji , Kurotani Satoru , Imai Noriyasu , Fujishiro Miyuki , Kyotani Daiki , Kato Yoshinao , Kasahara Toshihiko , Fujita Masaharu , Toyoda Akemi , Sekiya Daisuke , Watanabe Shinichi , Seto Hirokazu , Hirota Morihiko , Ashikaga Takao , Miyazawa Masaaki 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTo develop a testing strategy incorporating the human cell line activation test (h‐CLAT), direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) and DEREK, we created an expanded data set of 139 chemicals (102 sensitizers and 37 non‐sensitizers) by combining the existing data set of 101 chemicals through the collaborative projects of Japan Cosmetic Industry Association. Of the additional 38 chemicals, 15 chemicals with relatively low water solubility (log Kow > 3.5) were selected to clarify the limitation of testing strategies regarding the lipophilic chemicals. Predictivities of the h‐CLAT, DPRA and DEREK, and the combinations thereof were evaluated by comparison to results of the local lymph node assay. When evaluating 139 chemicals using combinations of three methods based on integrated testing strategy (ITS) concept (ITS‐based test battery) and a sequential testing strategy (STS) weighing the predictive performance of the h‐CLAT and DPRA, overall similar predictivities were found as before on the 101 chemical data set. An analysis of false negative chemicals suggested a major limitation of our strategies was the testing of low water‐soluble chemicals. When excluded the negative results for chemicals with log Kow > 3.5, the sensitivity and accuracy of ITS improved to 97% (91 of 94 chemicals) and 89% (114 of 128). Likewise, the sensitivity and accuracy of STS to 98% (92 of 94) and 85% (111 of 129). Moreover, the ITS and STS also showed good correlation with local lymph node assay on three potency classifications, yielding accuracies of 74% (ITS) and 73% (STS). Thus, the inclusion of log Kow in analysis could give both strategies a higher predictive performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.