bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leptin Resistance Is Not the Primary Cause of Weight Gain Associated With Reduced Sex Hormone Levels in Female Mice
Authors: da Silva Regina P. , Zampieri Thais T. , Pedroso João A.B. , Nagaishi Vanessa S. , Ramos-Lobo Angela M. , Furigo Isadora C. , Câmara Niels O. , Frazão Renata , Donato Jose 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Several studies have shown that estrogens mimic leptin's effects on energy balance regulation. However, the findings regarding the consequences of reduced sex hormone levels on leptin sensitivity are divergent. In the present study, we employed different experimental paradigms to elucidate the interaction between estrogens, leptin, and energy balance regulation. We confirmed previous reports showing that ovariectomy caused a reduction in locomotor activity and energy expenditure leading mice to obesity and glucose intolerance. However, the acute and chronic anorexigenic effects of leptin were preserved in ovariectomized (OVX) mice despite their increased serum leptin levels. We studied hypothalamic gene expression at different time points after ovariectomy and observed that changes in the expression of genes involved in leptin resistance (suppressors of cytokine signaling and protein-tyrosine phosphatases) did not precede the early onset of obesity in OVX mice. On the contrary, reduced sex hormone levels caused an up-regulation of the long form of the leptin receptor (LepR), resulting in increased activation of leptin signaling pathways in OVX leptin-treated animals. The up-regulation of the LepR was observed in long-term OVX mice (30 d or 24 wk after ovariectomy) but not 7 days after the surgery. In addition, we observed a progressive decrease in the coexpression of LepR and estrogen receptor-α in the hypothalamus after the ovariectomy, resulting in a low percentage of dual-labeled cells in OVX mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that the weight gain caused by reduced sex hormone levels is not primarily caused by induction of a leptin-resistance state.
The Use of Protein-DNA, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, and Transcriptome Arrays to Describe Transcriptional Circuits in the Dehydrated Male Rat Hypothalamus
Authors: Qiu Jing , Kleineidam Anna , Gouraud Sabine , Yao Song Tieng , Greenwood Mingkwan , Hoe See Ziau , Hindmarch Charles , Murphy David 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus is responsible for maintaining osmotic stability in mammals through its elaboration of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin. Upon dehydration, the SON undergoes a function-related plasticity, which includes remodeling of morphology, electrical properties, and biosynthetic activity. This process occurs alongside alterations in steady state transcript levels, which might be mediated by changes in the activity of transcription factors. In order to identify which transcription factors might be involved in changing patterns of gene expression, an Affymetrix protein-DNA array analysis was carried out. Nuclear extracts of SON from dehydrated and control male rats were analyzed for binding to the 345 consensus DNA transcription factor binding sequences of the array. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes in binding to 26 consensus elements, of which EMSA confirmed increased binding to signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 1/Stat3, cellular Myelocytomatosis virus-like cellular proto-oncogene (c-Myc)-Myc-associated factor X (Max), and pre-B cell leukemia transcription factor 1 sequences after dehydration. Focusing on c-Myc and Max, we used quantitative PCR to confirm previous transcriptomic analysis that had suggested an increase in c-Myc, but not Max, mRNA levels in the SON after dehydration, and we demonstrated c-Myc- and Max-like immunoreactivities in SON arginine vasopressin-expressing cells. Finally, by comparing new data obtained from Roche-NimbleGen chromatin immunoprecipitation arrays with previously published transcriptomic data, we have identified putative c-Myc target genes whose expression changes in the SON after dehydration. These include known c-Myc targets, such as the Slc7a5 gene, which encodes the L-type amino acid transporter 1, ribosomal protein L24, histone deactylase 2, and the Rat sarcoma proto-oncogene (Ras)-related nuclear GTPase.
Isolation and Structure of Three Bislactones, Eremopetasitenin B4 and Eremofarfugins F and G, from Ligularia przewalskii and Revision of the Structure of an Epoxy-lactone Isolated from Ligularia intermedia
Authors: Saito Yoshinori , Kamada Aya , Okamoto Yasuko , Gong Xun , Kuroda Chiaki , Tori Motoo 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Three bislactones belonging to the eremophilane type were isolated from Ligularia przewalskii (Asteraceae): an epoxy-lactone (eremopetasitenin B4) identical to the previously isolated lactone, whose structure was revised in this work; a new enol-lactone (eremofarfugin F); and its diastereoisomer at C-11 (eremofarfugin G). This was identical to the reported lactone, whose stereochemistry was left undetermined. The stereochemistry along with the NMR data of this diastereoisomer was assigned in this study.
Impact of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Use and Cost of Medical Services Among Overweight and Obese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Action for Health in Diabetes
Authors: Espeland Mark A. , Glick Henry A. , Bertoni Alain , Brancati Frederick L. , Bray George A. , Clark Jeanne M. , Curtis Jeffrey M. , Egan Caitlin , Evans Mary , Foreyt John P. , Ghazarian Siran , Gregg Edward W. , Hazuda Helen P. , Hill James O. , Hire Don , Horton Edward S. , Hubbard Van S. , Jakicic John M. , Jeffery Robert W. , Johnson Karen C. , Kahn Steven E. , Killean Tina , Kitabchi Abbas E. , Knowler William C. , Kriska Andrea , Lewis Cora E. , Miller Marsha , Montez Maria G. , Murillo Anne , Nathan David M. , Nyenwe Ebenezer , Patricio Jennifer , Peters Anne L. , Pi-Sunyer Xavier , Pownall Henry , Redmon J. Bruce , Rushing Julia , Ryan Donna H. , Safford Monika , Tsai Adam G. , Wadden Thomas A. , Wing Rena R. , Yanovski Susan Z. , Zhang Ping 
Published: August 2014

OBJECTIVE
To assess the relative impact of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) on use and costs of health care within the Look AHEAD trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 5,121 overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to an ILI that promoted weight loss or to a comparison condition of diabetes support and education (DSE). Use and costs of health-care services were recorded across an average of 10 years.

RESULTS
ILI led to reductions in annual hospitalizations (11%, P = 0.004), hospital days (15%, P = 0.01), and number of medications (6%, P &lt; 0.001), resulting in cost savings for hospitalization (10%, P = 0.04) and medication (7%, P &lt; 0.001). ILI produced a mean relative per-person 10-year cost savings of $5,280 (95% CI 3,385–7,175); however, these were not evident among individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS
Compared with DSE over 10 years, ILI participants had fewer hospitalizations, fewer medications, and lower health-care costs.
A test of common assumptions used to infer subglacial water flow through overdeepenings
Authors: Dow Christine F. , Kavanaugh Jeffrey L. , Sanders Johnny W. , Cuffey Kurt M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBorehole instrument records from a cirque glacier with an overdeepened bed are examined to assess the validity of widely held glacial hydrological assumptions. At this glacier, hydraulic-potential calculations suggest water below overburden pressure will flow into the overdeepening, where the steepness of the riegel causes water to pool in the basin and increase in pressure. Our subglacial water pressure data also show high consistent pressures in the overdeepening and the presence of an active, variable-pressure drainage system towards the margin of the cirque. Therefore, we find that although uniform hydraulic-potential calculations are not directly applicable, they can still be useful for interpretation of the subglacial hydrological system. We also examine supercooling assumptions under different pressure and temperature regimes for water flowing over a riegel, driven using our borehole records of subglacial water temperatures that are consistently above the pressure-melting point during the late melt season. Our results show that even a slight increase in basal temperatures relative to the local pressure-melting point is sufficient to prevent a reduction in basal hydraulic conductivity as a result of supercooling freeze-on.
Installations paléolithiques en Cappadoce. État des connaissances de cinq années de recherche sur les premiers peuplements humains en Anatolie centrale
Authors: Slimak Ludovic , Balkan-Atlı Nur , Binder Didier , Dinçer Berkay 
Published: August 2014

This paper proposes a synthesis of the excavations of "Kaletepe Deresi 3", an open air Palaeolithic site located in the volvanic region of Central Anatolia (Turkey). The activity of this geological complex generated an important intrusion of obsidian largely used during the prehistoric periode for tool making. The site is located a few kilometers on the eastern slopes of the Göllü Dağ volcano in the proximity of the Kömürcü obsidian intrusions which represent one of the most important obsidian sources in the Near-East with outcrops continuing for more than 3 km. Discovered in summer 2000 during an archeological survey, Kaletepe Deresi 3 is an in situ open air Paleolithic site, yielding 16 archaeological occupations from middle to upper Pleistocene. The data allow the examination of long-term human comportements and illustrate the first discovery of an Acheulean complex in Turkey. The multidisciplinary researches are also integrated to the tephrochronological and paleontological context.
Kaletepe Deresi 3 is the first Palaeolithic sequence of Central Anatolia and its oldest archaeological layers illustrate one of the oldest human settlements actually known in Turkey.
Le château de Châtillon-Coligny
Authors: Mesqui Jean , Faucherre Nicolas 
Published: August 2014

Le château de Châtillon-Coligny.
A l'emplacement probable d'une tour de bois du XIe siècle, le donjon de Châtillon-Coligny (Loiret) est une construction d'Etienne de Sancerre, fils du Comte de Blois-Champagne, qui l'édifia entre 1 180 et 1 190 dans l'esprit des donjons de Châteaudun et Provins. C'est un énorme cylindre à 16 faces renforcé par 8 contreforts de 28 x 16 mètres hors-œuvre. Construits sur trois niveaux voûtés dont deux sur pilier central et un ceinturé d'une gaine circulaire ménagé dans le rein de voûte, les appartements seigneuriaux sont reliés à l'entrée par une vis et équipés avec confort : cheminée, latrines, lavabo, oriel d'agrément. L'ouvrage constitue à cet égard un de nos plus parfaits donjons — symboles logeables, immédiatement antérieur aux grosses tours de Philippe- Auguste.
Un bâtiment en fer à cheval, dont subsistent les caves, a ceinturé ce donjon au sud, intégrant le puits. Les travaux considérables réalisés par l'amiral Gaspard de Coligny dans le troisième quart du XVIe siècle nous sont surtout connus par des dessins de Girodet pendant la destruction. Il en subsiste principalement le châtelet d'entrée et l'immense orangerie formant soutènement de la terrasse du château mais son emprise primitive a été révélée par des sondages. Comme au château du Grand- Pressigny, le donjon médiéval a servi d'axe à toute la composition renaissance.
Les dégâts d'oiseaux d'eau sur les rizières aménagées du delta central du Niger au Mali
Authors: Treca Bernard 
Published: August 2014

Wildfowl causes quite important damages to floating rice, when maturing, on managed rice fields of the of Niger river's Central Delta in Mali. Main responsible are ducks (garganey and pintail) and one species of Charadriidae (ruff). Damages are very variable among years (from 0.76 to 14 % of the harvest, by mean), but they are not uniformaly distributed, some fields being very heavily destroyed, when other are untouched. Fields condition, as well as the distance to a pond are important factors which increase or decrease the risk of attack from wildfowl. Same, early draining permits to diminish the time during which wildfowl may damage rice fields. We have found no statistical difference between damages on different floating rice varieties.
Different rice fields protection methods are discussed.
The Survival and Differentiation of Pro-B and Pre-B Cells in the Bone Marrow Is Dependent on IL-7Rα Tyr449
Authors: Patton Daniel T. , Plumb Adam W. , Abraham Ninan 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
IL-7 is critical for murine T and B cell development and survival and plays a significant role in lymphoblastic leukemia in both humans and mice. We evaluated the role of the IL-7Rα Tyr449 cytoplasmic SH2-binding motif in IL-7–mediated B cell development using a knock-in mouse with a Tyr to Phe mutation (IL-7Rα449F/449F mouse). IL-7Rα449F/449F and IL-7Rα−/− mice showed no defect in the number of pre–pro-B cells, although IL-7Rα449F/449F mice had decreased Ebf1 in pre–pro-B cells and impairment in B cell–committed CLPs. We identified that IL-7Rα Tyr449 was critical for both pro-B and pre-B stages of development in the bone marrow. IL-7Rα449F/449F and IL-7Rα−/− mice had comparable precursor B cell defects, indicating that signaling from the IL-7Rα required this motif. Although the defect in IL-7Rα449F/449F pro-B cells was associated with loss of STAT5 activation and diminished expression of Mcl1, this was not rescued by overexpression of Bcl-2. IL-7Rα449F/449F and IL-7Rα−/− pre-B cells also showed defective cyto-Igμ and CD25 expression, associated with reduced levels of Rag1, Rag2, and Irf4. Pre-B cells from IL-7Rα449F/449F mice also failed to proliferate, perhaps as a result of the failure to rearrange Igμ. Our data suggest that IL-7Rα Tyr449 was essential for IL-7Rα signaling in bone marrow B cell development and survival.
IL-33–Induced Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Mobilization Depends upon CCR2
Authors: Kim Juyang , Kim Wonyoung , Le Hongnga T. , Moon U J. , Tran Vuvi G. , Kim Hyun J. , Jung Soyeon , Nguyen Quang-Tam , Kim Byung-Sam , Jun Jae-Bum , Cho Hong R. , Kwon Byungsuk 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
IL-33 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma, atopic allergy, anaphylaxis, and other inflammatory diseases by promoting the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines or Th2 immune responses. In this study, we analyzed the in vivo effect of IL-33 administration. IL-33 markedly promoted myelopoiesis in the bone marrow and myeloid cell emigration. Concomitantly, IL-33 induced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization and extramedullary hematopoiesis. HSPC mobilization was mediated mainly through increased levels of CCL7 produced by vascular endothelial cells in response to IL-33. In vivo treatment of IL-33 rapidly induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38, and inhibition of these signaling molecules completely blocked the production of CCL7 induced by IL-33. Consistently, inhibitor of CCR2 markedly reduced IL-33–mediated HSPC mobilization in vivo and migration of HSPCs in response to CCL7 in vitro. IL-33–mobilized HSPCs were capable of homing to, and of long-term reconstitution in, the bone marrow of irradiated recipients. Immune cells derived from these recipients had normal antifungal activity. The ability of IL-33 to promote migration of HSPCs and myeloid cells into the periphery and to regulate their antifungal activity represents a previously unrecognized role of IL-33 in innate immunity. These properties of IL-33 have clinical implications in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Live Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Correlate of Protection: Immune Complex–Inhibitory Fc Receptor Interactions That Reduce Target Cell Availability
Authors: Smith Anthony J. , Wietgrefe Stephen W. , Shang Liang , Reilly Cavan S. , Southern Peter J. , Perkey Katherine E. , Duan Lijie , Kohler Heinz , Müller Sybille , Robinson James , Carlis John V. , Li Qingsheng , Johnson R. Paul , Haase Ashley T. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Principles to guide design of an effective vaccine against HIV are greatly needed, particularly to protect women in the pandemic’s epicenter in Africa. We have been seeking these principles by identifying correlates of the robust protection associated with SIVmac239Δnef vaccination in the SIV-rhesus macaque animal model of HIV-1 transmission to women. We identified one correlate of SIVmac239Δnef protection against vaginal challenge as a resident mucosal system for SIV-gp41 trimer Ab production and neonatal FcR-mediated concentration of these Abs on the path of virus entry to inhibit establishment of infected founder populations at the portal of entry. In this study, we identify blocking CD4+ T cell recruitment to thereby inhibit local expansion of infected founder populations as a second correlate of protection. Virus-specific immune complex interactions with the inhibitory FcγRIIb receptor in the epithelium lining the cervix initiate expression of genes that block recruitment of target cells to fuel local expansion. Immune complex–FcγRIIb receptor interactions at mucosal frontlines to dampen the innate immune response to vaginal challenge could be a potentially general mechanism for the mucosal immune system to sense and modulate the response to a previously encountered pathogen. Designing vaccines to provide protection without eliciting these transmission-promoting innate responses could contribute to developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine.
A DOR E O RECÉM-NASCIDO DE RISCO: PERCEPÇÃO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Veronez Marly , Corrêa Darci Aparecida Martins 
Published: August 2014

Estudo descritivo, qualitativo com o objetivo de descrever a percepção dos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal sobre a dor no recém-nascido. Participaram 25 profissionais de um hospitaluniversitário, os dados foram coletados nos meses de dezembro de 2008 e janeiro de 2009 por meio de questionário.Emergiram quatro categorias: nocicepção no período neonatal; percepção da dor nos recém-nascidos e suas consequências,procedimentos mais dolorosos realizados; e estratégias utilizadas para o manejo da dor. Os resultados envolvem oreconhecimento da dor pelos participantes, a utilização de medidas farmacológicas e não-farmacológicas, a punção venosacomo procedimento mais doloroso e a necessidade de reconhecerem, avaliarem e intervirem neste fenômeno, considerando a implantação emergencial de um protocolo de avaliação da dor na unidade e treinamento da equipe envolvida, contribuindopara a humanização da assistência.
PROTOCOLO DE ENFERMAGEM EM ATENDIMENTO EMERGENCIAL: SUBSÍDIOS PARA O ACOLHIMENTO ÀS VÍTIMAS
Authors: Ulbrich Elis Martins , Mantovani Maria de Fátima , Balduino Anice De Fátima , Dos Reis Bruna Karoline 
Published: August 2014

Este estudo é de natureza descritiva exploratória e teve o objetivo de propor protocolos de atendimento deenfermagem a partir da identificação dos motivos de demanda e da caracterização do perfil das vítimas acolhidas no setor detriagem de um Pronto Socorro. A amostra constituiu-se de 203 fichas de atendimento do mês de março de 2008 que, analisadas descritivamente, serviram de base para o estabelecimento de protocolos. O resultado demonstra média de idade de 39 anos, e os mecanismos de trauma foram quedas e acidentes de trânsito. Os atendimentos triados foram avaliação da dor e retorno, primeiro atendimento, gesso e infecção. A distribuição das vítimas e classificação de risco permaneceu na cor verde, ou seja, paciente não crítico, em observação ou aguardando vaga, perfazendo 65% da atenção ao trauma. Sugere-se a realização de outros estudos baseados na atual política institucional, em processo de adequação à proposta ministerial.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SERVIÇO: QUALIFICAÇÃO DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM PARA O TRATAMENTO DE FERIDAS
Authors: Jacondino Camila Bittencourt , De Severo Danusa Fernandes , De Rodrigues Katiuscia Rosales , De Lima Lilian , Einhardt Rosana Radke , Amestoy Simone Coelho 
Published: August 2014

O estudo objetivou identificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem de nível médio sobre o tratamentode feridas, antes e após atividades de Educação em Serviço. Foi desenvolvido em um hospital de grande porte, em novembro de2008, e participaram 39 profissionais, que frequentaram os encontros de Educação em Serviço. O estudo foi realizado em três momentos: aplicação do questionário fechado; Educação em Serviço; e reaplicação do questionário. Após isso, foi feita umaanálise quantitativa através do teste qui-quadrado dos resultados obtidos. Quanto aos sinais do processo inflamatório, 81% dos participantes responderam corretamente antes da Educação em Serviço e 100% após a atividade. Sobre a limpeza correta de uma ferida, 74% citaram corretamente antes e 87%, após. No que se refere aos fatores retardatários da cicatrização, 29% responderam corretamente antes do encontro e 68% após. Concluiu-se a importância da Educação em Serviço para atualização dos profissionais de enfermagem, acarretando a diminuição do risco de iatrogenias, e promovendo maior qualidade no cuidado aos usuários.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM DOMICILIAR À FAMÍLIA E PORTADORES DE TRANSTORNO MENTAL: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Da Costa Bruna , Inoue Laryssa , Kohiyama Vanessa Yukie , Paiano Marcelle , Waidman Maria Angélica Pagliarini 
Published: August 2014

Este estudo tem por objetivo relatar as principais dificuldades de familiares e portadores de transtorno mental identificadas durante a realização de visitas domiciliares. Ele é parte de um Projeto de Extensão que teve início em 2008 e atendeu 11 famílias. Nas visitas, utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado e a análise dos dados obtidos ocorreu por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo, onde foram identificadas três categorias: desconhecimento das famílias acerca dos sintomas e tratamento do portador de transtorno mental; dificuldade em conseguir e manter emprego; conflitos de relacionamento, com sobrecarga e falta de apoio da família. Conclui-se, que por meio das visitas domiciliares, foi possível conhecer o contexto em que a família está inserida, reconhecendo as possibilidades e necessidades de cada uma, habilitando seus membros para enfrentamento e adaptação de vida em face do transtorno mental.
VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA IDOSO: UM VELHO ESTIGMA
Authors: Zamboni Cristiane , Mello Sandra Maria , Fontana Rosane , Rodrigues Francisco Carlos Pinto 
Published: August 2014

] RESUMOEstudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, que objetivou investigar as situações de violência contra idosos residentes na área de abrangência de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da Estratégia Saúde da Família na região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados no primeiro semestre de 2010 por meio de entrevista, usando questionário e o instrumento Avaliação de Violência e Maus Tratos Contra a Pessoa Idosa. Os resultados quantitativos apontaram a ocorrência de violência do tipo verbal, e a análise de conteúdo evidenciou duas categorias: Autonomia/independência e maus tratos; Limitações e maus tratos. Observou-se que os maus tratos estão relacionados à falta de autonomia e independência devido à limitada capacidade física e cognitiva frente às situações do cotidiano, gerando a necessidade de um cuidador. A Enfermagem deve auxiliar a sociedade a compreender o processo de envelhecimento, identificar a ocorrência de possíveis situações de violência e contribuir para sua prevenção.