bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transplantation of CD15-Enriched Murine Neural Stem Cells Increases Total Engraftment and Shifts Differentiation Toward the Oligodendrocyte Lineage
Authors: Chaubey Sushma , Wolfe John H. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractNeural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a promising therapeutic approach for neurological diseases. However, only a limited number of cells can be transplanted into the brain, resulting in relatively low levels of engraftment. This study investigated the potential of using a cell surface marker to enrich a primary NSC population to increase stable engraftment in the recipient brain. NSCs were enriched from the neonatal mouse forebrain using anti-CD15 (Lewis X antigen, or SSEA-1) in a “gentle” fluorescence-activated cell sorting protocol, which yielded &gt;98% CD15-positive cells. The CD15-positive cells differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in vitro, after withdrawal of growth factors, demonstrating multipotentiality. CD15-positive cells were expanded in vitro and injected bilaterally into the ventricles of neonatal mice. Cells from enriched and unenriched donor populations were found throughout the neuraxis, in both neurogenic and non-neurogenic regions. Total engraftment was similar at 7 days postinjection, but by 28 days postinjection, after brain organogenesis was complete, the survival of donor cells was significantly increased in CD15-enriched grafts over the unenriched cell grafts. The engrafted cells were heterogeneous in morphology and differentiated into all three neural lineages. Furthermore, in the CD15-enriched grafts, there was a significant shift toward differentiation into oligodendrocytes. This strategy may allow better delivery of therapeutic cells to the developing central nervous system and may be particularly useful for treating diseases involving white matter lesions.
Highly Efficient Differentiation of Functional Hepatocytes From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Ma Xiaocui , Duan Yuyou , Tschudy-Seney Benjamin , Roll Garrett , Behbahan Iman Saramipoor , Ahuja Tijess P. , Tolstikov Vladimir , Wang Charles , McGee Jeannine , Khoobyari Shiva , Nolta Jan A. , Willenbring Holger , Zern Mark A. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) hold great potential for use in regenerative medicine, novel drug development, and disease progression/developmental studies. Here, we report highly efficient differentiation of hiPSCs toward a relatively homogeneous population of functional hepatocytes. hiPSC-derived hepatocytes (hiHs) not only showed a high expression of hepatocyte-specific proteins and liver-specific functions, but they also developed a functional biotransformation system including phase I and II metabolizing enzymes and phase III transporters. Nuclear receptors, which are critical for regulating the expression of metabolizing enzymes, were also expressed in hiHs. hiHs also responded to different compounds/inducers of cytochrome P450 as mature hepatocytes do. To follow up on this observation, we analyzed the drug metabolizing capacity of hiHs in real time using a novel ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We found that, like freshly isolated primary human hepatocytes, the seven major metabolic pathways of the drug bufuralol were found in hiHs. In addition, transplanted hiHs engrafted, integrated, and proliferated in livers of an immune-deficient mouse model, and secreted human albumin, indicating that hiHs also function in vivo. In conclusion, we have generated a method for the efficient generation of hepatocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro and in vivo, and it appears that the cells function similarly to primary human hepatocytes, including developing a complete metabolic function. These results represent a significant step toward using patient/disease-specific hepatocytes for cell-based therapeutics as well as for pharmacology and toxicology studies.
Does the Media as a Watchdog Affect Auditors’ Decisions?
Authors: Yang Deming , Liu Min 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Our paper investigates the information intermediary role of the media from the perspective of auditors. Using negative media coverage as the proxy variable for the watchdog role of the media, our investigation finds that the probability of issuing a modified audit opinion increases when the company has been the subject of negative media coverage and that negative media coverage significantly affects the change of certified public accountant (CPA) firm but does not significantly affect audit fees. In sum, the media as a watchdog affects auditors’ decisions to some extent, and our findings suggest that the media serves as an important information intermediary from the perspective of auditors. We suggest that the hypotheses of risk aversion and saving audit costs explain these findings very well.
Masked Deposition of Gallium‐Indium Alloys for Liquid‐Embedded Elastomer Conductors
Authors: Kramer Rebecca K. , Majidi Carmel , Wood Robert J. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA fabrication method is introduced that utilizes masked deposition and selective wetting to produce hyperelastic electronic circuits that are composed of a thin elastomer film embedded with microchannels of liquid‐phase gallium‐indium (Ga‐In) alloy. This method exploits the low melting‐point and controllable wetting dynamics of Ga‐In alloys, as well as the ability for Ga‐In alloys to form irregularly‐shaped, free‐standing, micrometer‐scale structures via gallium surface oxidation. Masked deposition eliminates the need for manual injection filling, which enables certain geometries that cannot be produced by injection and allows for the automated, high‐volume production of Ga‐In based “liquid‐embedded elastomer electronics” (LE3). With this approach, LE3 circuits can be produced with isolated features that have planar dimensions of less than 200 μm and edge‐to‐edge feature separations as small as 25 μm.
Self‐Limited Nanocrystallization‐Mediated Activation of Semiconductor Nanocrystal in an Amorphous Solid
Authors: Zhou Shifeng , Li Chaoyu , Yang Guang , Bi Gang , Xu Beibei , Hong Zhanglian , Miura Kiyotaka , Hirao Kazuyuki , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe construction of semiconductor nanocrystal (SNC)‐based composites is of fundamental importance for various applications, including telecommunication, lasers, photovoltaics, and spintronics. The major challenges are the intentional insertion of dopants into SNCs for expanding their intrinsic functionalities and the scalable incorporation of activated SNCs into host free of hydroxyl and organic species for stabilizing and integrating their performances. An in situ approach is presented to couple the SNC doping and loading processes through self‐limiting nanocrystallization of glassy phase, enabling one‐step construction of fully transparent Ga2O3 SNC–glass nanocomposites. It is shown that the intentional introduction of various cation/anion impurities (e.g., F−, In3+, and Ni2+) or their combinations into Ga2O3 SNCs can be realized by taking advantage of the viscous glass matrix to enhance the desorption barrier of impurity on the SNC surface and strengthen its tendency to incorporate into the SNC lattice. The composite can be rationally activated to show wavelength‐tunable and broadband luminescence covering the spectral ranges of near ultraviolet, visible, and near‐infrared wavebands. The approach is predicted to be general to other SNC materials for functional modulations and will be promising for scalable fabrication of novel SNC‐based composites.
In Vitro Double Oxidation of n‐Heptane with Direct Cofactor Regeneration
Authors: Müller Christina A. , Akkapurathu Beneeta , Winkler Till , Staudt Svenja , Hummel Werner , Gröger Harald , Schwaneberg Ulrich 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA novel concept for the direct oxidation of cycloalkanes to the corresponding cyclic ketones in a one‐pot synthesis in water with molecular oxygen as sole oxidizing agent was reported recently. Based on this concept we have developed a new strategy for the double oxidation of n‐heptane to enable a biocatalytic resolution for the direct synthesis of heptanone and (R)‐heptanols in a one‐pot reaction. The bicatalytic cascade employs an NADH driven P450 BM3 monooxygenase variant (WTNADH, 19A12NADH or CM1NADH) and an (S)‐enantioselective alcohol dehydrogenase (RE‐ADH). In the initial step n‐heptane is hydroxylated under consumption of NADH to produce (R/S)‐heptanol. In the second oxidation step the (S)‐heptanol enantiomers are transformed to the corresponding ketones, reducing and thereby regenerating the cofactor. Characterization of initial hydroxylation step revealed high turnover frequencies (TOF) of up to 600 min−1, as well as high coupling efficiencies using NADH as cofactor (up to 44%). In the cascade reaction a nearly 2‐fold improved product formation was achieved, compared to the single hydroxylation reaction. The total product concentration reached 1.1 mM, corresponding to a total turnover number (TTN) of 2500. Implementation of an additional cofactor regeneration system (D‐glucose/glucose dehydrogenase) enabled a further enhancement in product formation with a total product concentration of 1.8 mM and a TTN of 3500.
A dual‐isotope rubidium comagnetometer to search for anomalous long‐range spin‐mass (spin‐gravity) couplings of the proton
Authors: Kimball Derek F. Jackson , Lacey Ian , Valdez Julian , Swiatlowski Jerlyn , Rios Cesar , Peregrina‐Ramirez Rodrigo , Montcrieffe Caitlin , Kremer Jackie , Dudley Jordan , Sanchez C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe experimental concept of a search for a long‐range coupling between rubidium (Rb) nuclear spins and the mass of the Earth is described. The experiment is based on simultaneous measurement of the spin precession frequencies for overlapping ensembles of 85Rb and 87Rb atoms contained within an evacuated, antirelaxation‐coated vapor cell. Rubidium atoms are spin‐polarized in the presence of an applied magnetic field by synchronous optical pumping with circularly polarized laser light. Spin precession is probed by measuring optical rotation of far‐off‐resonant, linearly polarized laser light. Simultaneous measurement of 85Rb and 87Rb spin precession frequencies enables suppression of magnetic‐field‐related systematic effects. The nuclear structure of the Rb isotopes makes the experiment particularly sensitive to anomalous spin‐dependent interactions of the proton. Experimental sensitivity and a variety of systematic effects are discussed, and initial data are presented.
Effects of pluronic F68 micellization on the viability of neuronal cells in culture
Authors: Samith Vicente D. , Miño Germán , Ramos‐Moore E. , Arancibia‐Miranda Nicolás 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTTriblock copolymers with surface‐active properties, referred to as Pluronic, have shown potential medical applications such as drug delivery to selective targets in the human body. In particular, the transport of anti‐inflammatory substances to the brain is required for illness treatment, thus the study of delivery agents that cross the blood–brain barrier is relevant. In this article we study the effects of the micelle formation on the morphologic and cytotoxic properties of Pluronic F68. We determinate the critical micellar concentration (CMC) by standard tensiometric and absorbance measurements, and also we analyze the morphology of polymers by atomic force microscopy. Our observations indicate that the morphological properties of F68 are drastically modified in the CMC range, as well as the ability to increase the viability of neuroblastoma cells maintained under culture conditions, as compared with nontreated cells. Our conclusions highlight the close correlation between morphological and physiochemical properties of Pluronic, which must be further understood in order to achieve highly controlled pharmacological uses. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2159–2164, 2013
Evolutionary systems biology: What it is and why it matters
Authors: Soyer Orkun S. , O'Malley Maureen A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractEvolutionary systems biology (ESB) is a rapidly growing integrative approach that has the core aim of generating mechanistic and evolutionary understanding of genotype‐phenotype relationships at multiple levels. ESB's more specific objectives include extending knowledge gained from model organisms to non‐model organisms, predicting the effects of mutations, and defining the core network structures and dynamics that have evolved to cause particular intracellular and intercellular responses. By combining mathematical, molecular, and cellular approaches to evolution, ESB adds new insights and methods to the modern evolutionary synthesis, and offers ways in which to enhance its explanatory and predictive capacities. This combination of prediction and explanation marks ESB out as a research manifesto that goes further than its two contributing fields. Here, we summarize ESB via an analysis of characteristic research examples and exploratory questions, while also making a case for why these integrative efforts are worth pursuing.
A collision avoidance behavior model for crowd simulation based on psychological findings
Authors: Park Jin Hyoung , Rojas Francisco Arturo , Yang Hyun Seung 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a collision avoidance behavior model for crowd simulation based on psychological findings of human behaviors such as gaze movement angle (GMA), side stepping, gait motion, and personal reaction bubble to have better results in crowd simulation. By calculating the GMA between agents, collision can be predicted and avoided without knowing the exact trajectories of the agents. The proposed model consists of four phases: (1) GMA‐based collision prediction for mid/long range by using speed‐variant information process space, (2) collision avoidance steering, (3) gait‐based locomotion generation, and (4) space keeping based on personal reaction bubble. The effectiveness of the proposed speed‐variant information process space was tested on various types of agent flows with different densities. The total loss of kinetic energy accumulated during an agent's movement and the ratio of the length of the path actually traveled to the length of the original path are used as key metrics to figure out the features between the different types of flows. Finally, examples of tuning the parameters with well‐known fundamental diagrams are presented. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete Photochromic Structural Changes in Ruthenium(II)Diimine Complexes, Based on Control of the Excited States by Metalation
Authors: Sawaki Takuya , Ishizuka Tomoya , Kawano Masaki , Shiota Yoshihito , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Kojima Takahiko 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe thermal and photochemical reactions of a newly synthesized complex, [RuII(TPA)(tpphz)]2+ (1; TPA=tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine, tpphz=tetrapyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c:3′′,2′′‐h: 2′′′,3′′′‐j]phenazine), and its derivatives have been investigated. Heating a solution of complex 1 (closed form) and its derivatives in MeCN caused the partial dissociation of one pyridylmethyl moiety of the TPA ligand and the resulting vacant site on the RuII center was occupied by a molecule of MeCN from the solvent to give a dissociated complex, [RuII(η3‐TPA)(tpphz)(MeCN)]2+ (1′, open form), and its derivatives, respectively, in quantitative yields. The thermal dissociation reactions were investigated on the basis of kinetics analysis, which indicated that the reactions proceeded through a seven‐coordinate transition state. Although the backwards reaction was induced by photoirradiation of the MLCT absorption bands, the photoreaction of complex 1′ reached a photostationary state between complexes 1 and 1′ and, hence, the recovery of complex 1 from complex 1′ was 67 %. Upon protonation of complex 1 at the vacant site of the tpphz ligand, the efficiency of the photoinduced recovery of complex 1+H+ from complex 1′+H+ improved to 83 %. In contrast, dinuclear μ‐tpphz complexes 2 and 3, which contained the RuII(TPA)(tpphz) unit and either a RuII(bpy)2 or PdIICl2 moiety on the other coordination edge of the tpphz ligand, exhibited 100 % photoconversion from their open forms into their closed forms (2′→2 and 3′→3). These results are the first examples of the complete photochromic structural change of a transition‐metal complex, as represented by complete interconversion between its open and closed forms. Scrutinization by performing optical and electrochemical measurements allowed us to propose a rationale for how metal coordination at the vacant site of the tpphz ligand improves the efficiency of photoconversion from the open form into the closed form. It is essential to lower the energy level of the triplet metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer excited state (3MLCT*) of the closed form relative to that of the triplet metal‐centered excited state (3MC*) by metal coordination. This energy‐level manipulation hinders the transition from the 3MLCT* state into the 3MC* state in the closed form to block the partial photodissociation of the TPA ligand.
Convergent Synthesis of (−)‐Quinocarcin Based on the Combination of Sonogashira Coupling and Gold(I)‐Catalyzed 6‐endo‐dig Hydroamination
Authors: Chiba Hiroaki , Sakai Yuki , Ohara Ayako , Oishi Shinya , Fujii Nobutaka , Ohno Hiroaki 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe total synthesis of the pentacyclic tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid quinocarcin, which possesses intriguing structural and biological features, has been achieved through a gold(I)‐catalyzed regioselective hydroamination reaction. It is noteworthy that the regioselectivity of the intramolecular hydroamination of an unsymmetrical alkyne could be completely switched through substrate control. Other key features of this synthesis include the highly stereoselective synthesis of 2,5‐cis‐pyrrolidine through the intramolecular amination of the bromoallene and the Lewis acid mediated ring opening of dihydrobenzofuran.
Nitramines with Varying Sensitivities: Functionalized Dipyrazolyl‐ N‐nitromethanamines as Energetic Materials
Authors: Zhang Jiaheng , He Chunlin , Parrish Damon A. , Shreeve Jean'ne M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract1,3‐Dichloro‐2‐nitro‐2‐azapropane is an excellent precursor to dense energetic functionalized dipyrazolyl‐N‐nitromethanamines. This new family of energetic compounds was fully characterized by using 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR and IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, elemental analysis, and impact sensitivity tests. Additionally, single‐crystal X‐ray structuring was done for 3 and 5⋅CH3CN, which gave insight into structural characteristics. The experimentally determined densities of 2–9 fall between 1.69 and 1.90 g cm−3. Heats of formation and detonation properties were calculated by using Gaussian 03 and EXPLO5 programs, respectively. The influence of different energetic moieties on the structural and energetic properties was established theoretically.
ChemInform Abstract: The Cubic [Ti8F36]4‐ Anion Found in the Crystal Structures of K4Ti8F36·8HF and Rb4Ti8F36·6HF.
Authors: Shlyapnikov Igor M. , Goreshnik Evgeny A. , Mazej Zoran 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSingle crystals of the title compounds are prepared by slow evaporation of anhydrous HF solutions containing mixtures of KF or RbF and TiF4.
ChemInform Abstract: Comments on Peierls‐Distorted Indium Chains in In4Se3‐x.
Authors: Osters Oliver , Blazek Gustavo , Nilges Tom 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe preparation of In4Se3‐x (x = 0—0.6 in steps of 0.1) is attempted by melting of the elements and subsequent annealing (evacuated silica ampoules, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Characterization, Thermal Stability, High‐Temperature Transport Properties, and Electronic Structure of Rare‐Earth Zintl Phosphides Eu3M2P4 (M: Ga, In).
Authors: Yi Tanghong , Zhang Gaigong , Tsujii Naohito , Fleurial Jean‐Pierre , Zevalkink Alex , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Groenbech‐Jensen Niels , Kauzlarich Susan M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (823—1323 K, 12—96 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Cs7Nd11(SeO3)12Cl16: First Noncentrosymmetric Structure Among Alkaline‐Metal Lanthanide Selenite Halides.
Authors: Berdonosov Peter S. , Akselrud Lev , Prots Yurii , Abakumov Artem M. , Smet Philippe F. , Poelman Dirk , Van Tendeloo Gustaaf , Dolgikh Valery A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe new compound Cs7Nd11(SeO3)12Cl16 is prepared by reaction of a 1:1:3.6 mixture of SeO2, NdOCl, and CsCl (evacuated silica tube, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Growth of LiLuF4 Crystals and New Lithium Lutetium Fluorides LiKLuF5 and LiNaLu2F8.
Authors: Comer Sara , McMillen Colin D. , Kolis Joseph W. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe crystal structures of the new compounds (V) and (VII) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Flux Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Photoluminescence of a Heterometallic Uranyl‐Europium Germanate with U=O—Eu Linkage: K4 [(UO2)Eu2(Ge2O7)2].
Authors: Liu Shih‐Pu , Chen Meng‐Ling , Chang Bor‐Chen , Lii Kwang‐Hwa 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCrystals of the new title compound are synthesized from UO3, Eu2O3, and GeO2 using a mixture of KF and MoO3 as flux (Pt crucible, 950 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Ce2PdIn8, Ce3PdIn11 and Ce5Pd2In19 — Members of Homological Series Based on AuCu3‐ and PtHg2‐Type Structural Units.
Authors: Tursina A. , Nesterenko S. , Seropegin Y. , Noel H. , Kaczorowski D. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCe2PdIn8 (I), Ce3PdIn11 (II), and Ce5Pd2In19 (III) are obtained from a series of 20 arc furnace melted compositions (evacuated silica tubes, 870 K, ≥ 30 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Partially Oxidized Cyanoplatinates Rb1.75[Pt(CN)4]·1.25H2O and Cs1.75[Pt(CN)4]·0.5H2O.
Authors: Muehle Claus , Nuss Juergen , Jansen Martin 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe precursor compounds Rb2[Pt(CN)4]·1.5H2O and Cs2[Pt(CN)4]·H2O are prepared by crystallization from aqueous solutions of Ba[PtCN4]·4H2O and excess Rb2SO4 and Cs2SO4.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Non‐Metathetic Behavior of Grubbs′ Catalyst: Ruthenium‐Mediated Intramolecular [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Bis‐1,3‐dienes.
Authors: Takagi Ryukichi , Yamamoto Koumei , Hiraga Yoshikazu , Kojima Satoshi , Abe Manabu 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe title reaction affords bicyclic products (II) and (IV) in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Defined Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents Incorporating Transferable Nitrogen Groups: Nucleophilic Amination Through Electrophilic Activation.
Authors: Souto Jose A. , Martinez Claudio , Velilla Irene , Muniz Kilian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractNew bisimido iodine(III) reagents with unprecedented reactivity are presented and applied in direct metal‐free amination reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Hafnium(IV) Bis(perfluorooctanesulfonyl)imide Complex Supported on Fluorous Silica Gel Catalyzed N‐Formylation of Amines Using Aqueous Formic Acid.
Authors: Hong Mei , Xiao Guomin 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA simple, efficient, and environmentally benign method for the N‐formylation of primary and secondary amines under mild reaction conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Arylbicyclo[1.1.0]butane Carboxylates.
Authors: Qin Changming , Davies Huw M. L. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA highly diastereoselective synthesis of both 2‐arylbicyclo[1.1.0]butane carboxylates (II) and cyclohexene derivatives (III) via dirhodium‐catalyzed decomposition of α‐allyldiazoesters is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Palladium(II) Thiosemicarbazone Complex: Application to the Buchwald—Hartwig Amination Reaction.
Authors: Prabhu Rupesh Narayana , Ramesh Rengan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA novel complex PSC is synthesized and utilized as homogeneous catalyst for the reaction of aryl and heteroaryl halides with secondary amines.