bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inward cholesterol gradient of the membrane system in P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes involves a dilution effect from parasite-produced lipids
Authors: Tokumasu Fuyuki , Crivat Georgeta , Ackerman Hans , Hwang Jeeseong , Wellems Thomas E. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection remodels the human erythrocyte with new membrane systems, including a modified host erythrocyte membrane (EM), a parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM), a tubulovesicular network (TVN), and Maurer's clefts (MC). Here we report on the relative cholesterol contents of these membranes in parasitized normal (HbAA) and hemoglobin S-containing (HbAS, HbAS) erythrocytes. Results from fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) experiments with a cholesterol-sensitive fluorophore show that membrane cholesterol levels in parasitized erythrocytes (pRBC) decrease inwardly from the EM, to the MC/TVN, to the PVM, and finally to the parasite membrane (PM). Cholesterol depletion of pRBC by methyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment caused a collapse of this gradient. Lipid and cholesterol exchange data suggest that the cholesterol gradient involves a dilution effect from non-sterol lipids produced by the parasite. FLIM signals from the PVM or PM showed little or no difference between parasitized HbAA vs HbS-containing erythrocytes that differed in lipid content, suggesting that malaria parasites may regulate the cholesterol contents of the PVM and PM independently of levels in the host cell membrane. Cholesterol levels may affect raft structures and the membrane trafficking and sorting functions that support Pf survival in HbAA, HbAS and HbSS erythrocytes.
wigExplorer, a BioJS component to visualise wig data
Authors: Thanki Anil S. , Jimenez Rafael C. , Kaithakottil Gemy G. , Corpas Manuel , Davey Robert P. 
Published: May 2014

Summary: wigExplorer is a BioJS component whose main purpose is to provide a platform for visualisation of wig-formatted data. Wig files are extensively used by genome browsers such as the UCSC Genome Browser. wigExplorer follows the BioJS standard specification, requiring a simple configuration and installation. wigExplorer provides an easy way to navigate the visible region of the canvas and allows interaction with other components via predefined events.Availability: http://github.com/biojs/biojs;http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8516
Health promoting lifestyles of Jordanian university students
Authors: Alkhawaldeh Omar 
Published: May 2014

Background: Health-promoting lifestyles of university students are strongly related to their current and subsequent health status. Low rates of health-promoting lifestyles among university students are still reported in literature. However, few studies in Jordan have examined health-promoting behaviors among university students. Objectives: This study was aimed to assess health-promoting lifestyles among university students and to examine relationship between the university student's characteristics and health-promoting lifestyles. Methods: A cross-sectional, correlational design was conducted using a sample of university students at Mutah University in Jordan. The Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) scale was given to students as self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Of the 480 distributed questionnaires; 340 completed questionnaires were returned. Results revealed that the total average score for the HPLP-II for students was 2.4 (SD =0.4). The highest mean score was for spiritual growth subscale (M=3.0, SD= 0.7) and the lowest mean score was for physical activity subscale (M = 2.0, SD = 0.7). Students' scores on the health responsibility, nutritional habits, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, and stress-management subscales of the HPLP-II did not differ significantly by gender, but males scored better than females on the physical exercise subscale. Conclusions: This study suggest that university administrators, curriculum planners, community health professionals, and public health nurses may need to develop guidelines and interventions for structuring a healthier environment and developing health promotion programs to assist university students in developing healthy lifestyles.. Keywords: Health-Promoting Lifestyles; Jordan; University Students.
Low-dose heparin for prolonging the patency of peripheral intravenous catheters in adults a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Vandermeer Ben , Bassler Dirk , Mansoor Nadia 
Published: May 2014

Objective: To assess evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the efficacy of low-dose heparin for prolonging patency of peripheral intravenous catheters in adults.Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCTR) to identify studies up to July 6, 2012. Additional citations were retrieved from the bibliography of the selected articles. No language restrictions were placed.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: The eligible studies were RCTs of low-dose heparin, used as continuous infusion or as intermittent flush, through peripheral intravenous catheter as compared to a control; and measured any one of the following outcomes: duration of catheter patency, occlusion rates or local site reactions such as thrombophlebitis.Results: Eight RCTs were identified (5 testing heparin as continuous infusion and 3 as intermittent flush). Catheters using heparin infusions had longer patency [Mean difference = 13.37 hours, 95%CI (3.37, 23.37), p=0.009], however, no difference in the duration of patency was noted from its use as intermittent flushing solution. Similarly, continuous infusion of heparin resulted in approximately 50% lower rates of infusion failures [rate ratio = 0.50, 95%CI (0.33, 0.76), p=0.001] and phlebitis [rate ratio = 0.47, 95%CI (0.31, 0.73), p<0.001] compared to no difference noted with its use as intermittent flushing solution. Few studies reported treatment related adverse events.Conclusion: Low-dose heparin used as continuous infusion in PIV catheters resulted in longer catheter patency with lesser episodes of infusion failures and phlebitis. Heparins use as intermittent flush solutions had no benefit. Keywords: Heparin, Patency, Infusion Failure, Phlebitis, Systematic Review
Experimental Group Behavior of Grouted Deep Foundations
Authors: Thiyyakkandi Sudheesh , McVay Michael , Lai Peter 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Post-grouting of deep foundations following installation is a proven technique for enhancing axial resistance. The grouting is performed either below the tip of the foundation only (e.g., post-tip-grouted drilled shafts) or at both the side and the tip (e.g., jetted, side, and tip-grouted precast piles). The interaction of such foundations in group placement is currently unknown. This research focused on the group behavior of post-tip-grouted drilled shafts and jetted, side, and tip-grouted piles at a center-to-center spacing of three times the pile/shaft diameter. The study revealed that the post-tip-grouted drilled shafts acted independently within the group (i.e., negligible group interaction), whereas jetted, side, and tip-grouted piles behaved as a block under axial loading. It was determined that side grouting of a foundation prior to tip grouting significantly increases the grout pressure developed during tip grouting and helps in the formation of a tip grout bulb via a spherical cavity expansion process. Thus, the side and tip grouting of adjacent foundations within a group increases the confining stress and relative density of the soil mass within the group, resulting in block behavior under top-down loading. In contrast, tip-only grouted foundations showed little if any increase in radial stress and radial soil displacement, resulting in minimal improvement of the soil stiffness between shafts; as a result there was no block behavior and a negligible group effect at the tip.
Modeling Soil Specific Surface Area with Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Ismeik Muhannad , Al-Rawi Orabi 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This study presents artificial neural network (ANN) models to estimate the specific surface area of fine-grained soils as an alternative to sophisticated laboratory procedures. Geotechnical properties of 206 soils were measured experimentally based on ASTM standards. Soil input parameters used in database development were particle size at 10 %, 30 %, and 60 % finer, coefficient of curvature, coefficient of uniformity, percentage of silts and clays, percentage of soil passing sieve No. 200, fineness modulus, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, and activity. This data was used to train, test, and develop ANN models based on the backpropagation algorithm. Performance of ANN estimation was reliable when comparing the predictions with target outputs. Results indicated that the suggested ANN models exhibited excellent fit of the data as measured by the coefficient of determination and mean-square-error values. Thus, the developed ANN models could be used as a simple prediction tool to estimate soil-specific surface area reliably and efficiently as a rapid inexpensive substitute for cumbersome laboratory techniques.
The Role of Dbf4-Dependent Protein Kinase in DNA Polymerase ζ-Dependent Mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Brandão Luis N , Ferguson Rebecca , Santoro Irma , Jinks-Robertson Sue , Sclafani Robert A 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The yeast Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK) (composed of Dbf4 and Cdc7 subunits) is an essential, conserved Ser/Thr protein kinase that regulates multiple processes in the cell, including DNA replication, recombination and induced mutagenesis. Only DDK substrates important for replication and recombination have been identified. Consequently, the mechanism by which DDK regulates mutagenesis is unknown. The yeast mcm5-bob1 mutation that bypasses DDK’s essential role in DNA replication was used here to examine whether loss of DDK affects spontaneous as well as induced mutagenesis. Using the sensitive lys2ΔA746 frameshift reversion assay, we show DDK is required to generate “complex” spontaneous mutations, which are a hallmark of the Polζ translesion synthesis DNA polymerase. DDK co-immunoprecipitated with the Rev7 regulatory, but not with the Rev3 polymerase subunit of Polζ. Conversely, Rev7 bound mainly to the Cdc7 kinase subunit and not to Dbf4. The Rev7 subunit of Polζ may be regulated by DDK phosphorylation as immunoprecipitates of yeast Cdc7 and also recombinant Xenopus DDK phosphorylated GST-Rev7 in vitro. In addition to promoting Polζ-dependent mutagenesis, DDK was also important for generating Polζ-independent large deletions that revert the lys2ΔA746 allele. The decrease in large deletions observed in the absence of DDK likely results from an increase in the rate of replication fork restart after an encounter with spontaneous DNA damage. Finally, nonepistatic, additive/synergistic UV sensitivity was observed in cdc7Δ pol32Δ and cdc7Δ pol30-K127R,K164R double mutants, suggesting that DDK may regulate Rev7 protein during postreplication “gap filling” rather than during “polymerase switching” by ubiquitinated and sumoylated modified Pol30 (PCNA) and Pol32.
Nem tapintható emlődaganatok műtéti kezelésével szerzett tapasztalataink
Authors: Farsang Zoltán , Nagygyörgy Ádám , Horváth László , Baranyák Zsuzsanna , Forrai Gábor , Riedl Erika , Cserepes Éva , Benedek Adrienne , Bakity Boldizsár 
Published: May 2014

Absztrakt
Az emlődiagnosztika fejlődése, a szűrővizsgálatok elterjedése miatt egyre gyakrabban kerülnek felfedezésre nem tapintható emlődaganatok. Az elmúlt öt évben 830 emlőműtét kapcsán szerzett tapasztalatainkról számolunk be. A praeoperativ pontos diagnosztika (mammographia, emlő-ultrahangvizsgálat, MRI, aspiratiós cytologia, core-biopsia, vacuumasszisztált core-biopsia) során igazolt emlődaganat, valamint malignitásgyanú (microcalcificatio, szerkezeti torzulás) miatt végzett műtétek során az előzetes jelölés utáni excisio kiemelkedő jelentőségűvé vált. Retrospektív feldolgozás során megállapítottuk, hogy az emlőműtétek 36,9%-a ma már úgynevezett nem tapintható elváltozás miatt történik. A nem tapintható elváltozások esetén is törekszünk pontos praeoperativ hisztológiai mintavétel elvégzésére, amely segíti a korrekt műtéti terv felállítását. Anyagunkban nem tapintható elváltozás esetén az elváltozások 78%-ában sikerült biztos szövettani diagnózishoz jutni. Vacuumasszisztált core-biopsia megjelenésével kevesebb lett az indeterminált képletek miatti sebészeti beavatkozás. Várhatóan a később benignusnak bizonyuló elváltozások miatt elvégzett excisiók száma további csökkenést fog mutatni. A resectiós szélek intraoperativ radiológiai vizsgálata segíti a definitív műtét végzését. Specimen-mammographia, specimen-ultrahangvizsgálat a mindennapi gyakorlatunk részét képezi. Végleges szövettani vizsgálat után kiemelkedő jelentőségű a megfelelő ép resectiós szél megléte, amelynek hiánya esetén reexcisiót, szükség esetén a műtét kiterjesztését tartjuk indokoltnak. A sebészi resectiós szél elégtelensége miatt mintegy 5,5%-ban végeztünk reoperációt. T1 tumorméret esetén, illetve a T2 tumornagyságú esetek nagy részében sentinelnyirokcsomó-vizsgálatot végzünk, hogy a felesleges axillaris blokkdissectiót elkerüljük.
Colorectalis daganatok miatt végzett acut műtétek után észlelt szövődmények elemzése. Egy szemléletváltás hatása
Authors: Kári Dániel , Korsós Diána , Kecskédi Bence , Lovay Zoltán , Ecsedy Gábor , Lontai Péter , Ender Ferenc , Vörös Attila 
Published: May 2014

Absztrakt
A tanulmány célja a colorectalis carcinomák (CRC) miatti acut műtétek eredményeinek javítása. A szerzők a 2004–2006, majd a 2007–2011 közötti időszak eredményeit elemezték. Azokat az eseteket vizsgálták, ahol a CRC diagnózisa korábban nem volt ismert, csak az acut felvétel, illetve az urgens műtét kapcsán derült ki. Egyéb kizárási kritériumok nem voltak. A vizsgált főbb végpontok: varratelégtelenség, postoperativ mortalitás, resecabilitas. A populáció morbiditási mutatóinak és az acut műtétre kerülő betegek általános állapotának meghatározása céljából az ASA-osztályozást és TNM-besorolást is vizsgálták. 2007-ben, az előzőleg szerzett tapasztalatok és eredmények alapján, változtattak kezelési stratégiájukon. Ezt követően az anastomosiselégtelenség aránya tizedére és a mortalitás 5%-kal csökkent. Acut felvételek esetén a gyors kivizsgálás és lehetőség szerint minél alaposabb előkészítés csökkentheti a műtéti szövődmények és halálozás arányát. Törekedni kell arra, hogy a CRC-betegek minél korábban, még a heveny szövődmények kialakulása előtt kerüljenek műtétre.
The Effect of Ga Content on the Recombination Behavior of Grain Boundaries in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells
Authors: Guthrey Harvey , Contreras Miguel , Al-Jassim Mowafak 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe highest efficiency CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) based solar cells have been produced from films with x∼0.3 which gives a value of Eg around 1.1-1.2eV. Increasing the Ga content of the CIGS absorber provides an increase in Voc, allows tuning of the band gap that can enhance performance under actual operating conditions, and potentially makes it possible to use CIGS films in multi-junction devices. However, champion cells have not yet been produced for values of x significantly greater than 0.3. This work focuses on how increased Ga content in CIGS films affects the recombination behavior of grain boundaries. Cathodoluminescence spectral imaging (CLSI) measurements on fully processed devices allow us to compare device properties with recombination behavior and optical properties of grain boundaries in films with different Ga content. Our data suggests that grain boundaries in high efficiency films with x∼0.3 exhibit a significant red shift in the CL spectra whereas grain boundaries in films with higher Ga content typically show either a small shift or none at all. This shift indicates band bending near the boundaries which could enhance charge separation and subsequent collection of carriers generated near grain boundaries. This is investigated statistically to identify trends in different regions of the films.
Evaluation of Atmospheric Corrosion of Two Bells from Campeche´s Cultural Heritage
Authors: Mendoza-Cruz L. H. , Reyes Trujeque J. , Pérez López T. , Arano Recio D. , Quintana Owen P. , Orozco Cruz R. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study electrochemical and surface analysis were carried out in order to provide preliminary information to diagnose the state of conservation of two bronze bells from two Colonial religious building from San Francisco de Campeche City: The Cathedral of Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción and the Ex-temple of San José. Small corroded bronze samples were retired from each bell and analyzed by using optical microscopy in order to observe the distribution of the oxides over metal surface. Complementary XRD analysis was used to identify crystalline phases formed as a consequence of bells interaction with the urban tropical environment of this city. Electrochemical techniques such as linear polarization resistance (Rp) and potentiodynamic curve (CP) were conducted “in situ” in order to evaluate the behavior of bell bronze patinas under the action of two artificial solutions that recreate typical electrolyte formed over corroded metal surfaces in urban environments.
Characterization and Evaluation of Salty Cleaning Compounds Study in Historic Objects made of Copper Alloys from the “El Tejas” Shipwreck
Authors: Arano Diana E. , Espinosa Yolanda , Barba Helena , Ruvalcaba José L. , González-Sánchez Jorge A. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTRecent discoveries have shown the presence of several shipwrecks and historical pieces submerged in the seacoast of the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. Within these remains, it is common to found objects manufactured in copper alloys that were part of the construction system of the vessel. For the present study, different surface analysis techniques were applied to tubular copper alloy objects collected in the wreck “El Tejas”. The metallographic study allowed us to know not only the microstructure but also features over its manufacturing technique, as an example of nineteenth-century handmade production. SEM, EDX and XRF techniques allowed us know the elemental composition and establish the mechanisms of degradation of the different copper alloys in the seabed and evaluated a preservation method that consist on removing chlorine compounds by cleaning with pressure steam of distilled water.
Benefit of Piezoosteotomy in Cranioplasties for Craniosynostosis Correction versus Conventional Saw-and-Chisel Osteotomy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Landes Constantin , Vatter Hartmut , Marquardt Gerhard , Tran Andreas , Quo Florian , Brand Jörg , Meininger Dirk , Herrmann Eva , Sader Robert 
Published: May 2014

Objective Pilot study evaluation of the benefit of piezoosteotomy in cranioplasty of craniosynostoses, based on clinical data. Design Retrospective case-control study. Setting Universitarian institution. Patients Craniosynostosis patients (n = 19) operated upon conventionally with a craniotome and microsaw versus 19 patients operated upon with a piezoosteotomy and a craniotome. Intervention Piezoosteotomy of the supraorbital “bandeau” and osteotomies on part of the parietal and occipital regions versus conventional saw-and-chisel osteotomy. Main Outcome Measures Perioperative age, weight, laboratory parameters, transfusion and infusion requirements, operation time, and blood loss. Results The intraoperative erythrocyte concentrate transfusion and noncolloidal infusions were comparable ( P = .15; P = .56). The fresh frozen plasma transfusion was significantly higher ( P = .03); possibly, the anesthesiologist's reaction was secondary to the higher irrigation-fluid accumulation in the aspiration bag during piezoosteotomy. The postoperative erythrocyte concentrate transfusion rate was significantly lower ( P = .01) as a result of local hemostasis in piezoosteotomy. The fresh frozen plasma transfusion and noncolloidal infusion volumes were nonsignificantly lower ( P = .27; P = .85). Operation time was slightly shorter with a smaller standard deviation ( P = .09), due to a lower rate of dural lacerations and consecutive repair; patients in the study group were on the intensive care unit half a day less ( P = .73) than those in the control group. C-reactive protein was significantly lower preoperatively ( P = .00) and on the operation day ( P = .01) and nonsignificant postoperatively ( P = .81); hematocrit was postoperatively higher ( P = .23). Thrombocytes were preoperatively lower and postoperatively higher, both nonsignificant ( P = .29; P = .52). Conclusions Piezoosteotomy appears to be less traumatic than conventional saw-and-chisel osteotomy by the evaluated parameters. The main study limitation is its nonrandomized retrospective design; results should be confirmed by a randomized controlled trial.
Mineral Micronutrient Content of Cultivars of Field Pea, Chickpea, Common Bean, and Lentil Grown in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Ray Heather , Bett Kirstin , Tar'an Bunyamin , Vandenberg Albert , Thavarajah Dil , Warkentin Thomas 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe mineral content of pulses grown in Saskatchewan, Canada, was examined for magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, selenium, and in some cases nickel and calcium. Eight to 18 cultivars of each of field pea (Pisum sativum), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), and lentil (Lens culinaris) were grown at several locations in southern Saskatchewan in 2005 and 2006 in randomized complete block designs with three replicates. Mineral content was examined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The pulses were found to contain significant proportions of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for all the tested minerals except calcium. In many cases a 100 g (dry weight) portion of the crop provided over 50% of the RDA. For selenium, pulses grown in some locations provided 100% of the RDA. The effect of location was highly significant in most instances, while that of year and cultivar were generally less so. Pairwise differences among cultivars were examined by Tukey's test. Where possible, crops grown side by side were compared.
Biotype Differences for Resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid in Barley
Authors: Dahleen Lynn S. , Mornhinweg Dolores , Bregitzer Phil , Vitou Janine , Cakir Mehmet 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTRussian wheat aphid [RWA;Diuraphis noxia(Mordvilko)] is a worldwide insect pest of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.), causing crop losses each year. Previously identified resistant barley lines do not show variable reactions to the eight United States RWA biotypes identified by wheat reactions. However, additional RWA isolates have been identified outside the United States. The objective of this research was to determine whether additional RWA biotypes that impact resistance in barley exist and whether resistance to these biotypes is present in the resistant barley germplasm and cultivars that have been developed by the USDA‐ARS. A total of 166 barley lines were rated for chlorosis and leaf rolling in response to infestation with RWA United States’ biotype 1 and to individual isolates from Hungary, Chile, Mexico, and Iran. Each barley line was genotyped for 5912 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, and the combined data were used for association mapping of loci associated with resistance to each RWA isolate. A total of 40 loci were associated with resistance to the five RWA isolates. Biotype differences were evident, with only 23 lines showing resistance to all five biotypes. Loci with large effects on mean chlorosis and rolling differences were found for resistance to biotypes from the United States, Hungary, and Chile, while the loci for resistance to biotypes from Mexico and Iran had small effects on these traits, which may pose problems for developing resistant germplasm. The 23 lines resistant to all biotypes included 10 unadapted germplasm accessions and 13 improved germplasm lines and provide useful germplasm for developing new barley cultivars with resistance to multiple RWA biotypes.