bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cuerpos, expresiones y emancipación: habitando el lenguaje en la literatura
Authors: Pinzón Manrique Hernán Javier 
Published: August 2015

Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar una perspectiva interconectada entre el cuerpo y el lenguaje como experiencias de lo vivido. Se parte de una aproximación a la fenomenología del cuerpo propuesta por Maurice Merleau-Ponty como perspectiva que reivindica el cuerpo como punto de partida de la experiencia humana. En estos términos, el cuerpo es una experiencia ambigua, de tránsito y mixtura donde el lenguaje es expresión desde la <em>promiscuidad </em>en el horizonte de los otros y del mundo<em>.</em> En esta perspectiva, se plantea una forma de <em>volver al cuerpo</em> a partir de la <em>literatura</em>, como experiencia de emancipación <em>en</em> el lenguaje, como posibilidad de autoexploración en constante inacabamiento sobre la experiencia vivida, que se traduce en el acceso al propio cuerpo, que por constitución cultural en occidente es subordinado.
SIMULACIÓN Y COMPARACIÓN DE UNA SUPERFICIE TIPO MOVIMIENTO BROWNIANO FRACCIONADO CON UNA SUPERFICIE TOPOGRÁFICA REAL
Authors: Quintero Delgado Oscar Yesid , Ruiz Delgado Jonathan 
Published: August 2015

<p>La Geometría Fractal nace como una alternativa para interpretar y representar de manera más precisa las diferentes formas presentes en la naturaleza. Es así como en este artículo, el cual nace del trabajo de investigación del proyecto de grado titulado “SIMULACIONES DE CAMPOS ALEATORIOS TIPO MOVIMIENTO BROWNIANO FRACCIONADO APLICADAS AL ESTUDIO DE OBSERVABLES ESPACIALES EN GEOCIENCIAS” se presenta la comparación entre la representación de una superficie topográfica real y una superficie generada a través de la simulación del Movimiento Browniano Fraccionado en 2D.</p><p>Inicialmente, se describe de forma general la zona de trabajo, su ubicación específica, y el procedimiento que se siguió para la adquisición de los datos a trabajar, también se muestran las primeras salidas graficas que hacen referencia a los contornos o curvas de nivel y a la representación de la superficie real. Se estima el exponente de Hurst de algunos perfiles extraídos de la grafica de contornos, para así, elegir el valor más representativo de la superficie; una vez obtenido el valor de Hurst se realiza la simulación del Movimiento Browniano Fraccionado en 2D, tomando dicho valor como parámetro principal. Finalmente se compara la superficie simulada aleatoria con la superficie topográfica real, identificando sus principales diferencias y similitudes.</p>
Sovereign Trusteeship and Empire
Authors: Fitzmaurice Andrew 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis Article examines the concept of sovereign trusteeship in the context of the history of empire. Many accounts of sovereign trusteeship and the responsibility to protect explain the development of those concepts in terms of seventeenth century natural law theories, which argued that the origins of the social contract were in subjects seeking self-preservation. The state, accordingly, was based upon its duty to protect its subjects, while also having a secondary responsibility for subjects beyond its borders arising from human interdependence. I shall show that the concepts underlying sovereign trusteeship - human fellowship, self-preservation and the protection of others’ interests - were as entangled with the expansion of early modern states as they were with the justification of those states themselves. The legacy of that history is that arguments employed to justify sovereign trusteeship and the responsibility to protect remain highly ambiguous and subject to rhetorical manipulation. On the one hand, they can be represented as underpinning a new liberal international order in which states and international organizations are accountable to the human community, not only to their own subjects. On the other, these same terms can be deployed to justify expansionism in the name of humanitarianism, as they have done for hundreds of years. Only by paying careful attention to the contexts in which these claims are made can we discriminate the intentions behind the rhetoric.
Sequence-dependent cluster analysis of biomineralization peptides
Authors: Janairo Jose Isagani B. , Co Frumencio , Carandang Jose Santos , Amalin Divina M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A reliable and statistically valid classification of biomineralization peptides is herein presented. 27 biomineralization peptides (BMPep) were randomly selected as representative samples to establish the classification system using k-means method. These biomineralization peptides were either discovered through isolation from various organisms or via phage display. Our findings show that there are two types of biomineralization peptides based on their length, molecular weight, heterogeneity, and aliphatic residues. Type-1 BMPeps are more commonly found and exhibit higher values for these significant clustering variables. In contrast are the type-2 BMPeps, which have lower values for these parameters and are less common. Through our clustering analysis, a more efficient and systematic approach in BMPep selection is possible since previous methods of BMPep classification are unreliable.
A Procedure for the Investigation of Anesthetic/Surgical Deaths
Authors: Reay DT , Eisele JW , Ward R , Horton W , Bonnell HJ 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A procedure for the investigation of surgical/anesthetic deaths is presented which allows for clearly defined jurisdictional assessment and correlates the autopsy and toxicological findings with the pathophysiology of the anesthetic/surgical event. This procedure facilitates an accurate certification of the cause of death in patients who die during surgery and anesthesia.
An Investigation of the Intellectual Capabilities of Juvenile Offenders
Authors: Schuster R , Guggenheim PD 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
One hundred two cases were drawn randomly from the Bronx Family Court Mental Health Clinic's active files. Clients were given a Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised, Bender Gestalt, and Wide-Range Achievement Test Reading. Results indicated that approximately one third were functioning the mentally defective range, one third in the borderline mentally retarded range, and one third in the low average to average range. Almost half showed perceptual deficits correlated with minimal brain dysfunction. Results were highly significant, suggesting that delinquents apprehended and seen in our clinic are likely to be of borderline intelligence or below, showing evidence of minimal brain dysfunction. Hypotheses are discussed, as is the need for appropriate treatment facilities.
Reseña de Sobredotaçao: Respostas educativas || Review of Giftedness: Educational answers
Authors: Barca Alfonso 
Published: August 2015

Reseña de: Almeida, L. S., Fleith, D., y Oliveira, E. P. (2013). Sobredotaçao: Respostas educativas. Braga: Associação para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação em Psicologia da Educação. 146 pp. ISBN: 978-989-20-4283-1. Depósito legal: Nº 366684/13.En esta obra se aborda uno de los temas sobre los cuales, desde hace varias décadas, debería hacerse especial énfasis en Psicología. En efecto, tres son los capítulos clave que se desarrollan: el concepto de superdotación, su identificación y evaluación y sus respuestas educativas. Los tres autores de la obra lo hacen de una manera directa, clara, detallada, precisa y al mismo tempo amplia y profunda. Especialmente se debe destacar su lenguaje sencillo y actual, bien comprensible y sobre todo se tienen en cuenta las necesidades de los alumnos superdotados de respuestas psicológicas y educativas a sus dificultades de adaptación. En la evaluación de alumnos superdotados se confirma la importancia de los ámbitos cognitivo, social, afectivo y motivacional, optando los autores en los procesos de intervención por una línea multidimensional, promoviendo los ámbitos de enriquecimiento escolar y aceleración académica para finalizar con una mayor incidencia en su contexto escolar.
INDÚSTRIA BIOFARMACÊUTICA E SEU PROCESSO PRODUTIVO
Authors: Albrecht Ingrid , Rhoden Sandro Augusto , Pamphile João Alencar 
Published: August 2015

<p>A biotecnologia aplicada na produção de medicamentos vem se tornando uma área economicamente estratégica dentro das grandes indústrias farmacêuticas. Medicamentos biológicos ou biofármacos são substâncias que interagem com proteínas humanas e são produzidos a partir de microorganismos, tecidos de origem animal ou vegetal, ou cultura de células modificadas geneticamente. São alguns exemplos os antibióticos, vacinas, hormônios, fatores sanguíneos, anticorpos monoclonais, entre outros. O processo produtivo destes apresenta peculiaridades, sendo composto por etapas como cultura de células hospedeiras, fermentação, extração, purificação, isolamento e esterilização. Este artigo sumariza os principais processos envolvidos na produção de medicamentos biológicos ou derivados de biotecnologia.</p><p>Palavras-chave: Biofármacos. Indústria biofarmacêutica. Processo produtivo. </p>
O MEMORIAL CONSTITUCIONAL E A QUESTÃO INDÍGENA NO BRASIL / THE MEMORIAL CONSTITUTIONAL AND INDIGENOUS ISSUES IN BRAZIL
Authors: Massaú Guilherme Camargo , Coelho Gabriel Bandeira 
Published: August 2015

Após um século de constitucionalismo, o Estado brasileiro, a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988, reconhece a importância da cultura indígena, estabelecendo em capítulo específico os direitos e as garantias próprias dos povos indígenas. Constata-se, historicamente, o “esquecimento” ou desprezo do “civilizador” em relação a esses povos, que somente em 1988 obtiveram o reconhecimento constitucional à dignidade dos descendentes dos primeiros habitantes do território brasileiro. Com isso, o objetivo do artigo consistiu em destacar que, embora a Constituição de 1988 tenha dado um salto considerável no tratamento do tema, o Estado, pressionado por interesses econômicos e políticos, continua incorrendo em atos que violam as normas da Constituição no que se refere aos povos indígenas. Para a obtenção da conclusão, utilizou-se o método expositivo, com a finalidade de expor a estrutura teórico-constitucional, e o descritivo, para indicar os fatos sociais que indicam a violação que tem ocorrido no que concerne aos direitos dos povos indígenas. Posteriormente, cotejou-se a teoria constitucional com a dos fatos correntes e foram constatadas violações de normas constitucionais após o reconhecimento da dignidade indígena, em 1988. Nesse sentido, o problema, atualmente, não está no reconhecimento dos direitos dos povos indígenas, mas, sobretudo, em fazê-los realidades sociais. Também se conclui que tais violações são impulsionadas pelo interesse econômico, principalmente pela cobiça das terras povoadas pelos diversos povos indígenas.Palavras-chave: Constituição Federal de 1988. Direitos Fundamentais. Índio. Memória. Violações.
Upper ocean response to Hurricane Gonzalo (2014): Salinity effects revealed by targeted and sustained underwater glider observations
Authors: Domingues Ricardo , Goni Gustavo , Bringas Francis , Lee Sang‐Ki , Kim Hyun‐Sook , Halliwell George , Dong Jili , Morell Julio , Pomales Luis 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDuring October 2014, Hurricane Gonzalo traveled within 85 km from the location of an underwater glider situated north of Puerto Rico. Observations collected before, during, and after the passage of this hurricane were analyzed to improve our understanding of the upper ocean response to hurricane winds. The main finding in this study is that salinity potentially played an important role on changes observed in the upper ocean; a near‐surface barrier layer likely suppressed the hurricane‐induced upper ocean cooling, leading to smaller than expected temperature changes. Poststorm observations also revealed a partial recovery of the ocean to prestorm conditions 11 days after the hurricane. Comparison with a coupled ocean‐atmosphere hurricane model indicates that model‐observations discrepancies are largely linked to salinity effects described. Results presented in this study emphasize the value of underwater glider observations for improving our knowledge of how the ocean responds to tropical cyclone winds and for tropical cyclone intensification studies and forecasts.
A Structural Ensemble for the Enzyme Cyclophilin Reveals an Orchestrated Mode of Action at Atomic Resolution
Authors: Chi Celestine N. , Vögeli Beat , Bibow Stefan , Strotz Dean , Orts Julien , Güntert Peter , Riek Roland 
Published: August 2015

AbstractFor enzyme activity, an exact structural and motional orchestration of the active site and its surroundings is believed to be key. In order to reveal such possible phenomena at atomic resolution on the basis of experimental evidence, an experimental restraint driven two‐state ensemble of the prototypical enzyme cyclophilin was determined by using a recently introduced exact NOE approach. The ensemble description reveals the presence of an open and a closed state of cyclophilin, which is indicative of large‐scale correlated motion. In the open state, the catalytic site is preorganized for catalysis, thus suggesting the mechanism of action to be conformational sampling, while the ligand‐binding loop appears to act through an induced fit mechanism. This finding is supported by affinity measurements of a cyclophilin designed to be more open. Overall, more than 60–70 % of the side‐chain conformations of cyclophilin appear to be correlated.
Predictors of Antisocial and Prosocial Behaviour of Bystanders in Workplace Mobbing
Authors: Mulder Roelie , Pouwelse Mieneke , Lodewijkx Hein , Bos Arjan E. R. , van Dam Karen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWhen will bystanders of workplace mobbing show antisocial or prosocial behaviour toward the victim? Results of a 2 × 2 vignette study (N = 177) suggest that high perceived responsibility of the victim for the onset of the mobbing evokes anger and consequently antisocial bystander behaviour, whereas low perceived responsibility generates sympathy and consequently prosocial bystander behaviour. The results further indicate that bystanders will show more antisocial behaviour and less prosocial behaviour toward the victim when they anticipate stigma by association. The implications of these results for interventions seeking to influence bystanders' behaviour in the context of workplace mobbing and for further research on this bystander behaviour are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Properties of Osmium‐Based Tamoxifen Derivatives – Comparison with Their Homologues in the Iron and Ruthenium Series
Authors: Lee Hui Zhi Shirley , Buriez Olivier , Chau François , Labbé Eric , Ganguly Rakesh , Amatore Christian , Jaouen Gérard , Vessières Anne , Leong Weng Kee , Top Siden 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThree osmium analogues 3a–3c of hydroxytamoxifen were prepared. The antiproliferative effects of these complexes were measured against two breast cancer cell lines (MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231) and compared with those of their homologues of ferrocene (1a–1c) and ruthenocene (2a–2c). The tamoxifen‐like complexes 2c and 3c derived from osmium and ruthenium show good cytotoxicities against the two cell lines (IC50 values between 2 and 3 μM), albeit lower than those of ferrocifen 1c (IC50 between 0.5 and 0.8 μM). These complexes induce senescence of the cells at low concentration (0.5 μM). The mono‐ and diphenol complexes of osmium and ruthenium show little cytotoxicity against the two cell lines (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b; IC50 ≈ 30 μM), whereas the iron analogues show high cytotoxicity (1a and 1b; IC50 = 0.6–1.1 μM against MDA‐MB‐231). Further studies show that the cytotoxicity of the tamoxifen‐like complexes of ruthenium and osmium is multifactorial and is partly due to the presence of the amino chain. Added to this is an effect of the metal center that could be due to a difference in the rate of formation, solubility, and stability of the corresponding quinone methides or to a difference in the acidity of the phenol protons. This work reveals the differences in the mechanisms of action that exist among the complexes of these three metallocenes. The uniqueness of the ferrocene complexes is underlined, but the cytotoxicity of the tamoxifen‐like complexes of osmium and ruthenium is also demonstrated.
Epidemiology and risk factors for faecal extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) carriage derived from residents of seven nursing homes in western Shanghai, China
Authors: ZHAO S.-Y. , ZHANG J. , ZHANG Y.-L. , WANG Y.-C. , XIAO S.-Z. , GU F.-F. , GUO X.-K. , NI Y.-X. , HAN L.-Z. 
Published: August 2015

SUMMARYNursing homes (NHs) have been implicated as significant reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant organisms causing severe infectious disease. We investigated the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of, and risk factors for, faecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E). A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted in seven NHs in Shanghai between March 2014 and May 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction were used to detect genes coding for ESBLs and carbapenemases. NH records at individual-resident level and facility level were examined for potential risk factors. Four hundred and fifty-seven Enterobacteriaceae isolates were collected of which 183 (46·92%) were colonized by ESBL-E. CTX-M enzymes (198/200, 99%) predominated, with CTX-M-14 (84/200, 42%) the most common types. Two carbapenemase producers harboured blaKPC-2. Resistance rates to carbapenems, TZP, AK, FOS, CL and TGC were low. History of invasive procedures [odds ratio (OR) 2·384, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·318–4·310, P = 0·004], narrow-spectrum cephalosporins (OR 1·635, 95% CI 1·045–2·558, P = 0·031) and broad-spectrum cephalosporins (OR 3·276, 95% CI 1·278–8·398, P = 0·014) were independently associated with ESBL-E carriage. In conclusion, NH residents have a very high prevalence of faecal carriage of ESBL-E. Continuous and active surveillance is important, as are prudent infection control measures and antibiotic use to prevent and control the spread of these antibiotic-resistant strains.
Subsurface pressure profiling: a novel mathematical paradigm for computing colony pressures on substrate during fungal infections
Authors: Patra Subir , Banerjee Sourav , Terejanu Gabriel , Chanda Anindya 
Published: August 2015

AbstractColony expansion is an essential feature of fungal infections. Although mechanisms that regulate hyphal forces on the substrate during expansion have been reported previously, there is a critical need of a methodology that can compute the pressure profiles exerted by fungi on substrates during expansion; this will facilitate the validation of therapeutic efficacy of novel antifungals. Here, we introduce an analytical decoding method based on Biot’s incremental stress model, which was used to map the pressure distribution from an expanding mycelium of a popular plant pathogen, Aspergillus parasiticus. Using our recently developed Quantitative acoustic contrast tomography (Q-ACT) we detected that the mycelial growth on the solid agar created multiple surface and subsurface wrinkles with varying wavelengths across the depth of substrate that were computable with acousto-ultrasonic waves between 50 MHz–175 MHz. We derive here the fundamental correlation between these wrinkle wavelengths and the pressure distribution on the colony subsurface. Using our correlation we show that A. parasiticus can exert pressure as high as 300 KPa on the surface of a standard agar growth medium. The study provides a novel mathematical foundation for quantifying fungal pressures on substrate during hyphal invasions under normal and pathophysiological growth conditions.
Seven weeks of Western diet in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice induce metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis
Authors: Schierwagen Robert , Maybüchen Lara , Zimmer Sebastian , Hittatiya Kanishka , Bäck Christer , Klein Sabine , Uschner Frank E. , Reul Winfried , Boor Peter , Nickenig Georg , Strassburg Christian P. , Trautwein Christian , Plat Jogchum , Lütjohann Dieter , Sauerbruch Tilman , Tacke Frank , Trebicka Jonel 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterised by hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis, which might progress to cirrhosis. Human NASH is associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). Currently, rodent NASH models either lack significant fibrosis or MS. ApoE−/− mice are a MS model used in cardiovascular research. The aim of this work was to establish and characterise a novel mouse NASH model with significant fibrosis and MS. ApoE−/− and wild-type mice (wt) were fed either a western-diet (WD), methionine-choline-deficient-diet (MCD) or normal chow. Liver histology, RT-PCR, hepatic hydroxyproline content, triglycerides and cholesterol levels and fasting glucose levels assessed hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. Further, portal pressure was measured invasively and kidney pathology was assessed by histology. ApoE−/− mice receiving WD showed abnormal glucose tolerance, hepatomegaly, weight gain and full spectrum of NASH including hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation, with no sign of renal damage. MCD-animals showed less severe liver fibrosis, but detectable renal pathological changes, besides weight loss and unchanged glucose tolerance. This study describes a murine NASH model with distinct hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis, without renal pathology. ApoE−/− mice receiving WD represent a novel and fast model with all characteristic features of NASH and MS well suitable for NASH research.
Crystallizing membrane proteins for structure–function studies using lipidic mesophases
Authors: Caffrey Martin 
Published: August 2015

The lipidic cubic phase method for crystallizing membrane proteins has posted some high-profile successes recently. This is especially true in the area of G-protein-coupled receptors, with six new crystallographic structures emerging in the last 3½ years. Slowly, it is becoming an accepted method with a proven record and convincing generality. However, it is not a method that is used in every membrane structural biology laboratory and that is unfortunate. The reluctance in adopting it is attributable, in part, to the anticipated difficulties associated with handling the sticky viscous cubic mesophase in which crystals grow. Harvesting and collecting diffraction data with the mesophase-grown crystals is also viewed with some trepidation. It is acknowledged that there are challenges associated with the method. However, over the years, we have worked to make the method user-friendly. To this end, tools for handling the mesophase in the pico- to nano-litre volume range have been developed for efficient crystallization screening in manual and robotic modes. Glass crystallization plates have been built that provide unparalleled optical quality and sensitivity to nascent crystals. Lipid and precipitant screens have been implemented for a more rational approach to crystallogenesis, such that the method can now be applied to a wide variety of membrane protein types and sizes. In the present article, these assorted advances are outlined, along with a summary of the membrane proteins that have yielded to the method. The challenges that must be overcome to develop the method further are described.