bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significant Influence of Abemaciclib on Rivaroxaban
Authors: He Xiaoshuang , Ding Yongjie , Fang Jie , Zhao Juntao , Ma Xiaoli , Hu Fengmei , Qu Qing , Bian Xiaolan , Lu Qiuya 
Published: February 2025

Background:
A patient was treated with abemaciclib and rivaroxaban. Therapeutic drug monitoring revealed high total plasma concentrations of rivaroxaban, which was identified as likely cause of abnormal bleeding. This result indicating that it was caused by drug–drug interaction.

Methods:
According to the pharmacokinetic profile, the concentrations of rivaroxaban, abemaciclib, and its metabolite (M2) were monitored.

Results:
The concentrations of abemaciclib and its metabolite (M2) decreased with the reduction in rivaroxaban dosage.

Conclusions:
This case study demonstrates the interactions between abemaciclib and rivaroxaban. For patients with complex medications, therapeutic drug monitoring can reduce the occurrence of adverse effects.
Impact of COVID-19 on Thrombotic Complications in Microsurgery: Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Outcomes Amid Pandemic
Authors: Zaki Daniel P. , Zeng Eric , Duet Mary L. , Stone Courtney E. , Giglio Robert S. , Tapp Marion W. , Llull Ramon , Calder Bennett W. , Robinson John M. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Emerging research underscores the heightened risk of vasculitis and microvascular thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, alongside concerns about prothrombotic events post–severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination. Following the pandemic’s end, we sought a comprehensive analysis to elucidate its impact on microsurgical thrombosis rates, informed by empirical and anecdotal evidence.

Methods:
An institutional review board–approved retrospective review analyzed autologous breast reconstruction cases in women from January 2019 to March 2022. Data on patient history, COVID-19 infection, vaccination status, and postoperative complications were collected. Patients were categorized as prepandemic and pandemic, and based on COVID-19 influence (infection or vaccination) for statistical evaluation.

Results:
Among 527 patients, 216 underwent surgery prepandemic and 311 during the pandemic, revealing thrombotic event rates of 3.2% and 5.4%, respectively. Further comparative analysis showed no significant difference in thrombotic events among patients affected by COVID-19 through infection or vaccination during the pandemic.

Conclusions:
Contrary to concerns, COVID-19 infection or vaccination status does not significantly increase thrombotic event rates in deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstructions. This study offers vital insights, affirming the safety and efficacy of microsurgical procedures amid the pandemic, thereby guiding microsurgeons in optimizing patient care in the post–COVID-19 era.
Knowledge About Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Acceptance of Infant Monoclonal Antibody for RSV and RSV Vaccination During Pregnancy
Authors: Kuntz Jennifer L. , Babu Tara M. , Feldstein Leora R. , Englund Janet A. , Frivold Collrane J. , Groom Holly C. , Smith Ning , Varga Alexandra M. , Cox Sarah N. , Fortmann Stephen P. , Mularski Richard A. , Schmidt Mark A. , Weil Ana A. , Boisvert Cassandra L. , Hollcroft Madison , Hatchie Tara L. , Lo Natalie , MacMillan Melissa P. , Reich Sacha , Yetz Neil , Chu Helen Y. , Naleway Allison L. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants in the United States (US). RSV immunization, in the form of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) for infants and vaccines for pregnant people, may reduce infant RSV risk.

Methods:
In April and May 2023, we surveyed adults with children in Oregon and Washington about the likelihood to accept infant mAb and maternal RSV vaccine and RSV awareness. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of self-reported likelihood of accepting RSV immunization.

Results:
Among 1082 respondents, 68% and 70% responded they would very likely accept infant mAb or maternal RSV vaccine, respectively. Respondents had lower odds of accepting infant mAb (OR: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.07–0.15) and maternal RSV vaccine (OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.12–0.23) if they were somewhat or very concerned about side effects. Respondents had higher odds of accepting infant mAb if they received an influenza vaccination (OR: 3.79, 95% CI: 1.88–7.63). Respondents had higher odds of accepting maternal vaccine if they had an advanced degree (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.06–2.73), had received an influenza vaccination (OR: 3.62, 95% CI: 1.80–7.25), or were aware of RSV before our survey (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.03–4.01).

Conclusion:
Most respondents reported that they would likely accept RSV mAb for their infant or an RSV vaccine during pregnancy. Concerns about side effects lowered the odds of accepting immunization, however, nearly one-half of those concerned about side effects still expressed a high likelihood of accepting either immunization.
Perception of a Novel Group B Streptococcus Vaccine Among Pregnant and Lactating Individuals
Authors: Sosa Monica , Haghighi Candace , Pike Mindy , Stolarczuk Jennifer E. , Martinez-King Carolina , Shree Raj , Eckert Linda O. , Englund Janet A. , Kachikis Alisa B. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Multivalent conjugate Group B streptococcus (GBS) vaccines are in development for use in pregnancy. We aimed to understand perceptions of a novel GBS vaccine among pregnant and lactating persons following the COVID vaccine experience.

Methods:
As part of an ongoing survey-based prospective cohort study, we conducted a follow-up survey with questions about GBS knowledge and acceptability of clinical trial participation for a novel GBS vaccine. Participants in this Institutional Review Board-exempt study completed surveys via REDCap survey online.

Results:
Among 14,903 participants who completed the follow-up survey, 1785 were pregnant, 6661 were lactating and 6457 were either recently pregnant or lactating or planning for pregnancy. Pregnant individuals were less likely to report that they would likely or extremely likely participate in a clinical trial for a GBS vaccine during pregnancy compared with people who were neither pregnant nor lactating (P < 0.001). In contrast, lactating individuals were more likely to report that they would likely or extremely likely participate in a clinical trial for a novel GBS vaccine in lactation compared with people who were neither pregnant nor lactating (P < 0.001). Most participants preferred protein-based (n = 10,214, 70.5%) and mRNA-based (n = 10354, 71.5%) vaccine platforms for GBS vaccines.

Conclusions:
Overall, our participants expressed a good understanding of GBS. There is a mixed acceptability of participation in a novel GBS vaccine clinical trial during pregnancy with a greater acceptability during lactation. The perspective of pregnant and lactating people is critically relevant as new vaccines are developed.
Cytokine Levels in Mother-infant Pairs at Term and Preterm Delivery
Authors: Jennen Lisa , De Weerdt Louise , Kouriannidi Elli , Hanning Nikita , Toledo Cornejo Anniuska Suemy , Willen Laura , Maertens Kirsten 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Cell-mediated immunity (CMI), in addition to the humoral immune response, is crucial in clearing infections. Cytokines are important mediators of the immune system and play a role during pregnancy and childbirth. This study assesses circulating cytokine levels in peripartum maternal and cord blood samples at term and preterm delivery.

Materials and methods:
Samples from 37 mother-infant pairs from a previously conducted maternal immunization study were used to quantify levels of 6 cytokines [interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α] using the Meso Scale Discovery® ultrasensitive S-plex assay. The effect of various factors on measured cytokine levels was determined.

Results:
Weak to moderate correlations between maternal and cord blood cytokine levels were found. A trend for lower cytokine levels for preterm compared with term delivery was observed. The trend for lower cytokine levels was also seen for cesarean section compared with vaginal delivery and multiparous compared with primiparous women, but only in maternal serum samples. After correction for other variables, the effects of gestational age at delivery and parity were only significant for, respectively, IFN-γ and IL-6 in maternal serum.

Conclusions:
The assessment of circulating cytokine levels in mother-infant pairs at term and preterm deliveries provides a unique insight into the presence of cytokines in maternal and cord blood and their interplay at delivery. It also highlights the complexity of the maternal-fetal immune relationship and underscores the need for further investigation into the origin of cytokines in newborns and the impact of vaccination in pregnancy on CMI at delivery.
High Intention to Vaccinate Against Tuberculosis During Pregnancy and Lactation: Understanding Vaccine-specific Maternal Immunization Acceptance in Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Quincer Elizabeth M. , Gobezayehu Abebe Gebremariam , Belew Mulusew Lijalem , Endalamaw Lamesgin Alamineh , Tesfaye Yihenew Alemu , Shiferaw Meseret , Hussen Sophia Ahmed , Cranmer John N. , Omer Saad B. , Cranmer Lisa Marie 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) disease during pregnancy results in adverse maternal and infant outcomes. The development of a TB vaccine with potential for administration during pregnancy or lactation is a priority identified by the World Health Organization. We assessed the acceptability of vaccines currently administered during pregnancy [tetanus, diphtheria and COVID-19] and willingness to receive a new TB vaccine during pregnancy and/or lactation among Ethiopian women.

Methods:
From January to February 2022, we conducted surveys among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at 20 hospitals in Amhara, Ethiopia. We evaluated uptake of available vaccines (diphtheria), acceptance of new and future vaccines (COVID-19 and TB) during pregnancy and lactation, and knowledge, attitudes and beliefs associated with vaccine-specific acceptance.

Results:
Among 200 participants, we found high intention to receive a TB vaccine during pregnancy (90%) and lactation (92%) and low COVID-19 vaccine acceptance during pregnancy (40%) and lactation (47%). Most participants believed TB vaccination would protect their child from disease (82.5%) and have societal benefits (81.5%), while few women perceived the COVID-19 vaccine to offer protection (35.5%) or have societal benefits (42.5%). Intention to receive TB vaccination during pregnancy was associated with the belief that a future maternal TB vaccine would prevent TB among infants (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.37, 95% CI: 1.10–1.70). Most participants reported high acceptability of educational interventions to increase uptake of maternal immunization.

Conclusions:
We found high intention to receive a new TB vaccine during pregnancy and lactation among Ethiopian women. Our findings support vaccine-specific educational interventions to strengthen maternal immunization programs in Ethiopia.
Pharmacovigilance for Vaccines Used in Pregnancy: A Gap Analysis From Uganda
Authors: Nambasa Victoria Prudence , Ssebagereka Anthony , Ssali Agnes , Namugumya Ritah , Nalubega Phionah , Figueras Albert , Kajungu Dan , Koch Birgit , Le Doare Kirsty , Kampmann Beate 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Despite the effectiveness of maternal vaccines, low- and middle-income countries grapple with inadequate safety monitoring systems. Robust safety surveillance is crucial to increasing vaccine confidence and timely identifying any potential safety signal that could put pregnant women and children at risk following vaccination. This study assessed the pharmacovigilance (PV) systems for vaccines used in pregnancy in Uganda.

Methods:
A qualitative study involves 13 key informant interviews and 8 focus group discussions among key stakeholders. Purposive sampling was used to select study participants. Data analysis was done using Miles and Huberman’s matrices approach and conducted in Atlas.ti software.

Findings:
A passive system involving multistakeholders at various levels of the healthcare structure existed but was inadequate for monitoring adverse events following maternal immunization. The existence of parallel reporting systems for vaccines was noted. Heavy workload, lack of feedback, inadequate knowledge to recognize and report adverse events following maternal immunizations and logistical challenges impeding reporting and follow-up were among the barriers to reporting. Electronic medical records, though underutilized for safety surveillance, offer promising potential.

Conclusions:
To address the specific needs of maternal vaccination, the PV system in Uganda needs improvement. A multipronged approach, including policy coherence, embracing active surveillance and leveraging existing birth outcome surveillance and electronic medical records, is essential. Harnessing healthcare provider knowledge and advisory committee capacity in causality assessment is also necessary. The study findings can inform priority interventions to enhance PV for existing and new maternal vaccines.
Diabetes mellitus awareness among students attending a public high school in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mosa Ahmed A. , Abdulqadir Hajar Hassan , Khalid Rojeen Chalabi , Mustafa Alaa Abdullah , Zaki Hajar Ahmed , Yousif Iman Ramadhan , Yaseen Osama Subhi , Dinkha Steven Esho , Khamo Haneen Majeed , Mohammad Ameen M. 
Published: February 2025

Background and aim:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder and a significant global concern due to its steadily increasing prevalence. Educating youths and adolescents about such diseases is crucial for promoting healthy lifestyle choices. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of public high school students about DM and identify areas where their understanding is lacking.

Materials and methodology:
In February 2023, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Duhok province of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. The study enrolled 392 students from a public high school, who were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. This questionnaire had two sections: the first collected basic demographic information of the participants, while the second included 20 items assessing various aspects of DM knowledge, such as general information, risk factors, signs and symptoms, complications, and prevention.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 16.4 years (±0.71). Among the participants, 247 (63%) were female, and 190 (48.5%) had a positive family history of DM. Unfortunately, only 53 students (13.5%) had received training programs about the disease, although the vast majority (89.3%) expressed willingness to participate in the prevention programs. For 70.2% of the participants, family and friends were the primary sources of information. The mean knowledge score was 13.9 (±3), with an average correct answer rate of 68.55%. Female students, those with a positive family history, had significantly demonstrated a better overall knowledge score with a mean knowledge score of 14.14 ± 2.96 and 14.17 ± 2.98, respectively. Also, participants using multiple sources for information, and those who had received training programs on DM, demonstrated a better overall knowledge score with a mean score of 14.21 ± 2.90 and 14.34 ± 3.31, respectively. However, it missed the significance.

Conclusion:
The study participants exhibited good knowledge and awareness of DM. However, there were notable gaps in their understanding of the disease’s risk factors and complications. Therefore, we recommend incorporating health education programs and lifestyle modification initiatives into the school curriculum to enhance students’ knowledge and address the identified gaps.
Clinical implications of apolipoprotein L1 testing in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a review of diagnostic and prognostic implications
Authors: Waheed Aiman , Gul Muhammad Hamza , Naeem Risha , Qayyum Sardar Noman , Batool Khizra , Shaukat Abeeha , Khan Nashmiya , Shah Safa Irfan , Siddiqui Aisha Rehman , Farooq Assad Ullah , Nasir Eeshah , Noori Samim 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome, contributing to 40% of adult and 20% of pediatric cases globally. Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) genetic variants, particularly G1 and G2 alleles, play a pivotal role in FSGS pathogenesis, particularly among African-Americans, where 30–40% carry these risk alleles. These variants impair APOL1 function, causing podocyte injury, proteinuria, and progressive kidney damage. Secondary triggers like infections exacerbate susceptibility. Advances in gene-editing technologies, including CRISPR, offer hope for targeted therapies in FSGS management.

Objectives:
This review explores the link between APOL1 variants and FSGS pathogenesis, focusing on their role in podocyte injury and assessing the utility of APOL1 genetic testing in diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Methodology:
A systematic literature review was conducted using Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and PsychINFO up to April 2024. Of 331 identified articles, 29 relevant studies were analyzed, emphasizing APOL1 variants’ role in FSGS and implications for genetic testing.

Results:
About 13% of African-Americans carry APOL1 risk alleles, with 30% having at least one allele. Two risk alleles increase lifetime FSGS risk to 4% and ESKD risk to 7–8%. APOL1-associated kidney damage primarily affects podocytes, accelerating glomerulosclerosis. Emerging treatments, such as inaxaplin, reduced proteinuria by 47%, with 40% achieving remission in FSGS cases linked to APOL1.
Membranous Staining of CD10 Is Related to Steatosis Changes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Investigation of CD10 Stainning in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Focal Nodular Hyperplasia, and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Wen Caiyan , Huang Chuqiang , Chen Shouguo , Liu Xia , Yin Weihua , Tao Lili 
Published: February 2025

Aims:
To investigate the staining patterns of CD10 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Methods:
The expression pattern of CD10 was analyzed using immunohistochemistry in HCC cases. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) cases were also examined. CD10 staining pattern in relationship with histologic subtypes and growth patterns of HCC was also analyzed.

Results:
CD10 expression was observed in 61% (64/105) of HCC cases, 100% (12/12) of FNH cases, and 31.6% (6/19) of ICC cases. Different expression patterns were noted, including cell membrane (13/64; 20.3%), luminal (9/64; 14.0%), cytoplasmic puncta (15/64; 23.4%), and canalicular (27/64; 42.3%) patterns of CD10 expression in HCC. Interestingly, CD10 membranous expression was found to be associated with steatosis changes. The observed pattern rates of CD10-positive ICC cases were 16.6% (1/6) for cell membrane, 50% (3/6) for cytoplasmic, and 33.3% (2/6) for luminal patterns; with 2 samples having a 1+ score (33.3%), 1 having a 2+ score (16.7%), and 3 having a 3+ score (50%).

Conclusions:
Different CD10 expression patterns were observed in HCC, FNH, and ICC. A canalicular CD10 expression pattern does not distinguish between benign and malignant lesions in the HCC, but reduced CD10 expression or no canalicular pattern suggests that a tumor is more likely to be HCC. Contrary to previous understanding, we found that CD10 is also expressed in ICC cases.
Unveiling Disparities in Patient Rights Awareness and Practice: Insights From Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Saadah Loai M. , Alnatour Dalal B. , Hadidi Mumen S. , Samara Fadia F. , Shakhshir Sana S. , Alnsour Wafa’a M. , Saket Maisa K. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
High-quality universal health care coverage for all patients is the common theme in patient rights. However, pertinent investigations on this topic within the context of Jordanian health care are absent. This systematic review, coupled with a pooled artificial intelligence analysis of the data in retrieved studies, paves the way for such research by pooling data sets sourced from across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

Methods:
National Library of Medicine (NLM), through its secondary database of primary literature (PubMed), was queried with the terms “Patient” and “Rights” in April 2024. Quantitative surveys from MENA containing individual item assessments mapped to 1 of the 7 domains of Jordan National Patient Rights Charter were pooled. Finally, factors extracted for all studies were then used to build an artificial neural network (ANN) to test the hypothesis that information asymmetry in both awareness and practice of patient rights exist even among health care providers.

Results:
A total of 8 studies with 131 survey items were identified in the MENA region. All items tested either knowledge (awareness) or practice (implementation) of respondents regards patient rights except for 25 items in one study which measured both. ANN converged to a best net of multilayer feedforward with 3 hidden nodes. Patient right domain, from Jordanian Patient Rights Charter, ranked first and respondent type second as most important among the variables. However, there was huge and statistically significant asymmetry between students 0.602 (0.499 to 0.853), patients 0.627 (0.518 to 0.636), and nurses 0.492 (0.340 to 0.786) on one side and clinicians 1.166 (1.025 to 1.258) on the other side in the ANN model (both paired t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test P<0.0001) for any pairwise comparisons.

Conclusions:
Jordan National Patient Charter can fit any patient right item one could think of in the infinite space of patient rights. Huge information asymmetry exists in both awareness and implementation between practicing professionals and society but also among the different health professions.
A two-step clockwork mechanism opens a proteo-lipidic pore in PIEZO2 channels
Authors: Li Shu , Wijerathne Tharaka , Bhatt Aashish , Jiang Wenjuan , Lacroix Jerome , Han Wei , Luo Yun Lyna 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMechanosensitive PIEZO channels are thought to open their pore through tension-induced flattening of large transmembrane arm domains. Yet, the structural basis of this activation remains unclear. Here, we uncover the conformational coupling between arm flattening and pore opening in PIEZO2 by capturing protein motions across length scales using hybrid-resolution molecular dynamics simulations. Sampling multiple microsecond-long trajectories under physiological activation tension show that arm flattening correlates with anticlockwise rotation of the pore domain and with clockwise twisting of inner pore helices, enabling dilation and hydration of a transmembrane pore gate. These clockwork motions enable PIEZO2 to populate two open states with distinct conductance depending on applied membrane tension, in agreement with single-channel electrophysiology. Pore opening is accompanied by the separation of pore helices, creating interhelical gaps which become filled with lipids, resulting in the fully conducting pore being walled by both lipids and protein. The fully open PIEZO2 state recapitulates minimal pore size, conductance, ion selectivity, and outward rectification of chloride currents observed electrophysiologically. This work reveals how tension-induced large-scale rearrangements of the PIEZO2 arms funnel into subtle and dynamic gating motions, providing invaluable structural insights for future structure-function and drug discovery studies.