bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glaucoma surgery outcome in Rwanda
Authors: DE SMEDT S , FONTEYNE Y 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To assess long term intraocular pressure (IOP) outcome after adult trabeculectomy surgery in Africa.Methods All adult glaucoma patients who underwent trabeculectomy surgery in the Kabgayi Eye Unit, Rwanda between August 2003 and March 2008 were invited for a follow‐up visit. Surgical and clinical data were collected from medical records. At the study visit best corrected visual acuity was measured and Goldmann applanation tonometry and biomicroscopy were done. Good IOP outcome was defined as both an intraocular pressure ≤ 15mmHg and achieving ≥ 30% reduction from the preoperative IOP. Odds ratios for good IOP outcome were calculated for potential predictors. For the first eyes multivariable analysis was done using logistic regression, as well as Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis.Results Participation rate was 74.2% (118 patients, 161 eyes). Preoperatively, the mean IOP was 31.2mmHg (SD 10.7, range 12‐60). Anti‐metabolites were applied during the operation in 79.5% of eyes. At the time of the follow‐up study visit the mean postoperative IOP was 13.0 mmHg (SD= 5.1, range 4‐35). A good IOP outcome was achieved in 66.9% (n=105) of eyes. Trabeculectomies using mitomycine C were 3 times as likely to have good IOP outcome than without (OR=3.0, CI= 1.2‐7.1, P=0.008). The cumulative probability to maintain good IOP outcome reduced from 75% at a follow‐up of 2 years to 25% after 5 years. At multivariable analysis long duration of follow‐up (OR= 0.31, CI= 0.11‐ 0.7, P= 0.009) and the presence of an elevated bleb (OR= 3.2, CI= 1.3‐ 8.1, P= 0.012) remained significant predictors.Conclusion Trabeculectomy with mitomycine C is effective in lowering IOP in Central Africa. However, the IOP control reduced at a follow‐up duration beyond 2 years, highlighting the importance of regular long‐term follow‐up.
Refractive and axial length changes after trabeculectomy for open angle glaucoma
Authors: POPA CHERECHEANU A , CORBU C , COMAN C , IANCU R 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Predicting refractive and axial changes that might occur after glaucoma surgery should be taken into account when managing the patients that have had cataract surgery previously or at the time of trabeculectomy (combined procedures). The aim of our study is to provide data regarding the changes in refraction and axial length (AL) at one year follow‐up after trabeculectomy for open angle glaucoma.Methods This is a retrospective study assessing 48 patients that underwent trabeculectomy; 27 patients underwent cataract surgery at minimum 12 months after glaucoma surgery. Refractive status was analyzed using auto‐refractometry and axial length was measured using non‐contact biometry prior to the surgery and at one year follow‐up. Primary outcomes were axial length, refractive status and intraocular pressure (IOP).Results The difference between the mean final refraction and mean preoperative refraction in the study group (‐0.68±1.05 D vs ‐0.47±0.86 D) was not statistically significant (P=0.215). At one year follow‐up, IOP was significantly reduced after trabeculectomy with a mean of 8.95 +/‐ 2.93 mmHg (p = 7.82x10‐13). AL was determined at six months and one year follow‐up; the mean AL was significantly reduced at all time points (0.10 and 0.08 respectively; p value 0.015).Conclusion The axial length reduction after trabeculectomy is small though still statistically significant. The decrease in axial length postoperatively was also correlated with the degree of IOP reduction. Following trabeculectomy the refractive status of the eye remained unchanged.
"No‐touch" DMEK: Learning curve and outcomes
Authors: DROUTSAS K 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDescemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK), as described by Gerrit Melles in 2002, is currently the most targeted technique of endothelial replacement, as only Descemet membrane and the endothelial monolayer are transplanted. Therefore, the postoperative anatomy of the cornea is not altered as in earlier techniques (DLEK, DSAEK) and visual rehabilitation is fast and frequently complete. In the present lecture, surgical videos of graft preparation and DMEK surgery with the standardized “no touch” techniques as described by Melles will be presented along with clinical outcomes with regards to corrected visual acuity, refraction, endothelial cell density, complications and secondary procedures.
Silica‐collagen hybrid artificial cornea
Authors: PATEL SV , DIVITO MD , RUDISILL SG , STEIN A , MCLAREN JW , HUBEL A 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTissue‐engineered artificial corneas could eventually replace cadaveric corneal transplantation, enabling sight‐restoring procedures to many who do not have access to eye banking facilities. We investigated compositions of silica–collagen hybrid materials as potential artificial corneal substitutes. Hybrid materials were created from different proportions of collagen and silica precursors and manufactured to specific dimensions. Materials were implanted into animal corneas to determine if they supported epithelialization of their surface. The refractive indices of the hybrid materials ranged from 1.33 to 1.40 depending upon the composition and manufacturing characteristics. Transmissibility of 3:1 (silica:collagen ratio by weight) and 9:1 rehydrated xerogels was similar to that of normal rabbit corneas. Re‐epithelialization of 5‐ to 6‐mm‐wide rabbit corneal epithelial defects was complete in 5.5 ± 2.4 days (n = 6), with evidence of epithelial stratification. Silica–collagen hybrid materials have properties that are promising for use as an artificial corneal substitute. Additional studies are required to determine long‐term outcomes in vivo.
Family relationships of recent familial uveal melanomas in Finland
Authors: KIVELÄ T , TÄLL M , RAIVIO V , TUOMINEN J , LEHESJOKI AE 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Attention has recently focused on hereditary predisposition in uveal melanoma. We describe relationships between patients with familial uveal melanomas prospectively diagnosed in Finland during the last five years.Methods Prospective ascertainment of uveal melanoma patients with a positive family history between 2008 and 2012 in a national ocular oncology center managing essentially all uveal melanomas in Finland, a high risk region for developing this rare cancer.Results Of 311 new patients with uveal melanoma, 8 (2.6%; 95% confidence interval, 1.1‐5.0) eventually gave a positive family history upon specific questioning and encouragement to query among relatives. The index cases were 40‐83 years old when the diagnosis was made (mean, 61) and 2 of them came from the same family. The previous cases in these families had been 26‐82 years old at the time of diagnosis, which had been made 3‐21 years earlier. The earlier patients had the following relationship to the index case: 1 son, 1 father, 1 mother, 1 grandmother, 2 aunts, 1 uncle, and 1 cousin. Of them, 5 had died of uveal melanoma and 2 were alive. On the other hand, none of the index patients have so far developed metastases or died.Conclusion Mutations of BAP1 so far have explained some but not all familial cases of uveal melanoma. Identification and further analysis of familial uveal melanomas will help to understand the emerging genetic diversity of uveal melanoma.
Quantitative proteomic analysis of uveal melanoma reveals potential therapeutic targets
Authors: ANGI M , KALIRAI H , DAMATO BE , COUPLAND SE 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To identify potential therapeutic targets in uveal melanoma by global proteomic analysis of tumours with high‐ (HR) or low‐ (LR) risk of developing metastatic disease.Methods Proteins were extracted from fresh‐frozen tissues from 10 HR and 10 LR UM and from 22 normal choroid samples, subjected to isobaric tagging for relative quantification (iTRAQ) and analysed by nanoLC‐MS/MS. Peptide identification was performed using Protein Pilot with a False Discovery Rate set at 5%. Differential expression of proteins and their relative abundance between the groups was investigated by supervised and unsupervised hierarchical clustering and outlier analyses.Results We identified 2651 unique proteins. Compared to normal choroid, the tumours showed 672 proteins up‐regulated more than 1.5‐fold and 459 down‐regulated more than 1.5‐fold. Of these, 18 proteins with known functions in tumour development/progression were identified and shown to be differentially expressed between HR and LR samples. Four of these have been further validated by immunohistochemistry in a larger cohort of patient samples.Conclusion Using quantitative proteomic analysis and immunohistochemistry we have identified novel potential therapeutic targets in UM. One of these in particular is a tumour suppressor associated with chemosensitivity in other cancers, but not yet described in UM. This opens a novel therapeutic avenue that is being further investigated.
Harmlessness of 1 mg cefuroxime intracameral injection at the end of cataract surgery
Authors: BARREAU G , BOURMAULT L , DOST L , ADENIS JP , ROBERT PY 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Intracameral 1mg cefuroxime injection at the end of cataract surgery is included in the good practice in France and a lot of countries. Few studies have shown a macular toxicity for high doses of cefuroxime in particular in a case of dilution error for exemple.Methods We propose a study on 18, of simple cataract operated, eyes : by phakoemulsification, the same surgeon, without particular surgical complications, and no posterior capsule rupture. Only patients with medium cataract and a normal macula were included in the study. A time‐domain macular OCT was pre‐operatively made, and then at 7 and 30 post‐operative days. The principal criterion of judgement was the central macular thickness at 30 post‐operative days.Results The average pre‐operative central macular thickness was 209,11 +/‐ 29,44 microns (143‐279), at 7 post‐operative days the average was 214,44 +/‐ 28,42 microns (145‐267), and at 30 post‐operative days was 219,44 +/‐ 27,41 microns (145‐253). The differences observed between the pre and post‐operative values were not significant.Conclusion These results show that at a dose of 1 mg, as an intracameral injection, and without posterior capsular rupture, cefuroxime does not significativly increase the central macular thickness. A study with a larger pool of patients would certainly confirm what the actual clinical practice lets us foresee.
Optimizing number of postoperative visits after cataract surgery – a safety perspective
Authors: WESTBORG INGER , MöNESTAM EVA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate safety perspectives, when the standard routine after cataract surgery is no planned postoperative visit.Methods A prospective, observational cohort study was performed on all cases of cataract surgery during a 1‐year period, at one institution (n=1249). The study group was all patients following the standard procedure of the clinic. As a control group all patients having surgery during one month (March) was chosen. All these patients had a planned postoperative visit. The standard routine is no planned postoperative visit. A postoperative visit is planned if there are other significant eye diseases, for instance glaucoma, wet AMD and diabetic retinopathy. Outcome measures were; any planned postoperative visit, any complications and/or adverse events, postoperative visual acuity and any postoperative control/contact initiated by the patient.Results There were no differences in age, sex, complications/adverse events and postoperative visual acuity between the study group and control group. 9 percent of the patients initiated a postoperative contact. 26% of the patients who initiated postoperative contact had also a scheduled visit. Reasons for unplanned contacts were visual disturbance, redness and/or chafing, pain and anxiety. Most unplanned contacts (68%) initiated by the patients were first eye surgery.Conclusion It is possible refraining from planned postoperative visits in cases of uncomplicated cataract surgery. Before surgery patients with comorbidities need individual planning of their postoperative care. Preoperative information is important and the clinic should have resources to answer questions from patients and be prepared for the need of unplanned additional postoperative visits.
Halo size after implantation of a multifocal intraocular lens
Authors: PEREZ CARRASCO MJ , ÁLVAREZ‐REMENTERíA L , HURTADO‐CEÑA FJ , HEREDIA‐TEJADO L , DORADO‐PALACIOS FI , PUELL MC 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To determine the size of a halo in the visual field induced by bright light after cataract surgery and implantation of an aspheric apodized diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) or aspheric monofocal IOL.Methods This prospective observational study comprised 54 healthy eyes (mean age 72.6 ± 10.4) of 54 subjects having cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of an AcrySof ReSTOR SN6AD1 IOL (32 eyes, multifocal group) or AcrySof SN60WF IOL (22 eyes, monofocal group). Six months postoperatively, halo size was measured using the Vision monitor. Optotypes of low luminance (5cd/m2) were presented at a distance of 2.5 m. The visual angle subtended by the radius of the halo was calculated in minutes of arc (arc min). Best‐corrected distance logMAR visual acuity (VA) was evaluated with high‐contrast (HC‐96%) and low‐contrast (LC‐10%) logMAR Bailey‐Lovie letter charts.Results The mean radius of the halo was 219.3 ± 42.1 and 194.0 ± 55.3 arc min (p > 0.05) in the multifocal and the monofocal groups respectively. The HC and LC VA means showed significant differences between the two groups, being worse in the multifocal group. Also, the HC and LC‐VA exhibited a significant correlation with halo size (r= 0.52 y r= 0.57 respectively).Conclusion Mean halo size was not significantly different between the multifocal ReSTOR SN6AD1 and the monofocal AcrySof SN60WF IOLs. Worse HC and LC‐VA values were related to higher halo size measurements in the IOLs groups.
Fast fully‐automated multimodal image co‐registration (optical coherence tomography, colour fundus photography, red‐free, fluorescein angiography)
Authors: GUIMARAES P , RODRIGUES P , LOBO C , SERRANHO P , BERNARDES R 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To automatically co‐register optical coherence tomography (OCT), colour fundus photography (CFP), red‐free (RF) and fluorescein angiography (FA).Methods The burden of manually assisted co‐registration and the number of images taken per day prevent its widespread use. An algorithm able to co‐register images in between the major modalities in due time is herewith proposed. Typically, OCT fundus references translate into a poorly detailed vascular network, thus rendering difficult its co‐registration to other imaging modalities. A recently developed method (by our group) to compute the vascular network from OCT to the level of detail of CFP was used. A set of vessel features is computed and an iterative process estimates the transformation required to co‐register these locations. At each step the number of inliers is determined and the process repeats. Images of 20 eyes from 13 patients that underwent high‐definition OCT, CFP and FA, were co‐registered. These images were manually segmented by a grader. Two additional sets were co‐registered and evaluated by an expert: 102 OCT/CFP image pairs from 51 subjects, and 40 FA/RF image pairs from 20 patients.Results A skeleton overlap metric was defined and computed based on the vessels skeleton (0–no overlap, 1‐full overlap) for the first set. An average overlap of 0.93±0.03 (N=60) is reported. From the expert evaluation, 91% of images were successfully co‐registered. For the registration of a given pair, the algorithm takes 1.68±0.38 seconds on an Intel Core i7‐2600k, 3.4 GHz computer.Conclusion The achieved level of co‐registration, render this process an asset to the clinical daily practice and research.
Visualization of 3D retinal microcapillary network using OCT
Authors: SIKORSKI B , BUKOWSKA D , RUMINSKI D , GORCZYNSKA I , SZKULMOWSKI M , KRAWIEC K , MALUKIEWICZ G , WOJTKOWSKI M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To present a novel method for noninvasive visualization of 3D retinal microcapillary network (RMN) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) reflectivity maps and to validate its clinical usefulness in vascular retinal diseases.Methods OCT imaging was applied to 43 patients with diabetic retinopathy, CRVO, BRVO and in 13 healthy subjects. OCT maps of RMN from different retinal layers were reconstructed and compared with fluorescein angiography.Results OCT showed the RMN of 20 microns in diameter, revealed vascular nonperfusion and identified microexudates that were not visible on clinical examination and fundus photography.Conclusion OCT is capable to precisely detect the RMN and can be used for noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of early stages of retinal vascular diseases.
Swept source optical coherence tomographic findings in a case of bilateral macular coloboma
Authors: CHENG C , CHAN JH , CHEUNG G 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To describe the findings of macular coloboma using swept‐source optical coherence tomography (SS‐OCT)Methods Case reportResults A 35‐year‐old man was found to have bilateral deep excavation of the maculae and was diagnosed clinically with bilateral macular coloboma. SS‐OCT showed deep excavation of the sclera corresponding to the area of coloboma. There is loss of overlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), neurosensory retina and choroid within the area of excavation. A thin membranous structure is seen overlying the area bared sclera. At both edges of the coloboma, intraretinal cystic changes can be seen.Conclusion The SS‐OCT is able to image the posterior border of the deep coloboma in this case. In addition, the detailed structure of the retinal layers can be studied. This membranous structure likely represents the remnants of degenerative neurosensory retina and internal limiting membrane. In addition, we also demonstrated intraretinal cysts, not previously reported, at the edges of the coloboma. The use of SS‐OCT technology has enabled the capturing of the retina, RPE and choroid at a much better resolution and this has served to provide greater understanding of the anatomical changes seen in macular coloboma.
Wide field imaging in Coat‘s disease
Authors: ARNDT C , BENISTY D , MASSE S , VARDI K , DUCASSE A , ZAMBROWSKI O 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To report the usefulness of wide field imaging and angiography in patients with Coat’s disease.Methods In 5 consecutive patients, wide field imaging using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and angiography (Optomap) was performed before treatment. The laser was performed on the basis of the wide field images. When the ophthalmologist considered that the treatment was complete, the imaging was repeated. After reviewing the images, the ophthalmologist decided whether further treatment was required.Results Among all patients, wide field imaging enabled to monitor the localization of laser treatment with respect to the vascular abnormalities and non perfusion areas displayed on angiography. In all cases, additional laser treatment was performed on the basis of image lecture although the treatment had been considered to be complete by the ophthalmologist.Conclusion Wide field imaging and wide field angiography enables to target laser treatment in Coat’s disease.
Better monitoring of intraocular inflammation by laser flare photometry and diversified therapeutical approach could mean improved outcome for JIA
Authors: BODAGHI B 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSlit lamp biomicroscopy is widely used to evaluate the importance of anterior segment flare and cells in children with anterior uveitis. However, different studies have clearly shown that other tools such as laser flare photometry may improve the monitoring during the follow‐up. Laser flare photometry showed for the first time that active ocular inflammation may be associated with a significant level of flare even in the absence of detectable cells. This is a major finding to start a therapeutic approach or change it for a more aggressive strategy and monitor the decrease of flare. Moreover, the level of flare decrease under therapy may predict further serious complications such as secondary glaucoma or cataract. Based on our modern monitoring tools, therapeutic strategies have been progressively modified, allowing a better control of chronic uveitis. Efficacy and tolerance of anti‐TNF alpha agents will be discussed and alternatives in severe and resistant cases will be discussed.
Vitrectomized patients: Are they at risk for glaucoma?
Authors: VANDEWALLE E 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe prevalence of glaucoma has been suggested to be higher in vitrectomized patients than in the overall population. The mechanisms behind this reported higher prevalence are largely unknown but literature suggests that overall ocular physiology would be impaired in vitrectomized patients. The current theories on the importance of the vitreous body in ocular oxidative stress will be discussed. Furthermore, a review of the underlying diseases needing a vitrectomy and their relationship to glaucoma will be reviewed. Practical aspects such as decision making of combining cataract surgery to vitrectomy, membrane peeling and post‐operative management of vitrectomized patients will be analyzed from the perspective of a glaucoma specialist.
Boston type 1 KPros in India ‐ Indications, contraindications and device modifications
Authors: SRINIVASAN B 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBoston Keratoprosthesis is the most commonly used Keratoprosthesis worldwide. It is a collar button kind of Keratoprosthesis carried on a corneal graft. The prerequisites for a type 1 Boston Keratoprosthesis include the following 1) Bilateral corneal blindness 2) Reasonably healthy posterior segment 3) Well controlled Intraocular pressure or combine a shunt surgery with the Keratoprosthesis 4) Moist eye 5) Good blink 6) Well formed fornices 7) Committed to regular follow ups and Understands the potential risk involved in the surgery The current indications for Boston type 1 Keratoprosthesis are 1) Multiple failed grafts 2) Limbal stem cell deficiency 3) Ocular burns( chemical/thermal) 4) Aniridia 5) Pediatric corneal opacities 6) Silicone oil induced keratopathy Contraindications 1) Poor /Incomplete blink 2) Severely damaged lid apparatus post chemical injuries 3) Keratinized ocular surface (would be an indication for Boston type 2/MOOKP) Design modifications like addition of more holes in the back plate, the use of the titanium locking ring, Use of a bandage contact lens and prophylaxis with antibiotics with the present design have improved the outcome and retention rates of the Keratoprosthesis. Further research in the form of a titanium back plate to reduce the rates of retroprosthetic membrane formation is being tried.