bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug Use, Sexual Risk, and Syndemic Production Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Engage in Group Sexual Encounters
Authors: Hirshfield Sabina , Schrimshaw Eric W. , Stall Ronald D. , Margolis Andrew D. , Downing Martin J. , Chiasson Mary Ann 
Published: February 2015

Objectives. We surveyed men who have sex with men (MSM) to determine whether sexual risk behaviors, recent drug use, and other psychosocial problems differed between men who engaged in one-on-one and group sexual encounters. Methods. We conducted an Internet-based cross-sectional survey of 7158 MSM aged 18 years or older in the United States recruited from a gay-oriented sexual networking Web site in 2008. Among MSM who engaged in group sexual encounters, we compared their past-60-day sexual behaviors in one-on-one encounters and group sexual encounters. We also compared risk profiles and syndemic production between men who did and did not participate in group sex. Results. Men reporting a group-sex encounter had significantly higher polydrug use and sexual risk than did the men not reporting group sex in the past 60 days. The odds of engaging in group sex with 4 or more sexual partners significantly increased with the number of psychosocial problems, supporting evidence of syndemic production. Conclusions. We identified a particularly high-risk subgroup in the MSM population with considerable psychosocial problems that may be reached online. Research is needed on how to engage these high-risk men in combination prevention interventions.
A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials of Interventions to Improve the Health of Persons During Imprisonment and in the Year After Release
Authors: Kouyoumdjian Fiona G. , McIsaac Kathryn E. , Liauw Jessica , Green Samantha , Karachiwalla Fareen , Siu Winnie , Burkholder Kaite , Binswanger Ingrid , Kiefer Lori , Kinner Stuart A. , Korchinski Mo , Matheson Flora I. , Young Pam , Hwang Stephen W. 
Published: February 2015

We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve the health of people during imprisonment or in the year after release. We searched 14 biomedical and social science databases in 2014, and identified 95 studies. Most studies involved only men or a majority of men (70/83 studies in which gender was specified); only 16 studies focused on adolescents. Most studies were conducted in the United States (n = 57). The risk of bias for outcomes in almost all studies was unclear or high (n = 91). In 59 studies, interventions led to improved mental health, substance use, infectious diseases, or health service utilization outcomes; in 42 of these studies, outcomes were measured in the community after release. Improving the health of people who experience imprisonment requires knowledge generation and knowledge translation, including implementation of effective interventions.
Identification and Confirmation of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Soybean Seed Hardness
Authors: Orazaly Moldir , Chen Pengyin , Zeng Ailan , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTFood‐grade soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] have specific seed quality requirements, such as seed texture and hardness. Cooked seed hardness is important for soyfood such as natto and edamame, where cooking is required. Texture analysis is time consuming and labor intensive; however, the identification of seed hardness quantitative trait loci (QTL) and associated markers will facilitate the development of elite cultivars through marker‐assisted selection. The objectives of this study were to identify new QTL associated with seed hardness and confirm previously reported QTL. A total of 120 recombinant inbred lines, derived from KS4303sp (soft seeded) × PI 407818 B (hard seeded), were screened with 486 simple sequence repeat markers and tested for cooked seed hardness. The F2:4 and F2:5 lines were grown with two replications at Fayetteville and Keiser, AR, in 2008 and 2009. Interval mapping revealed a new putative QTL for seed hardness (Ha3) in an approximate 46‐cM region and linked to markers Satt547 and Satt414 on chromosome 16. This QTL contributed 32% to seed hardness in the KS4303sp × PI 407818 B population. Single marker analysis revealed 14 markers on seven chromosomes associated with seed hardness. In all environments, Satt254 on chromosome 1, Satt677 on chromosome 7, Satt414, Satt547, and Sat_224 on chromosome 16, and Satt292 on chromosome 20 were significantly associated with seed hardness. A chromosomal region previously reported for hardness (QTL Ha2) contained a marker (Satt254 on chromosome 1) that was significant across environments. This study identified a new QTL and confirmed a QTL (Ha2) region that will advance breeding efforts for food‐grade soybean.
Two Scales, Hybrid Model for Soils, Involving Artificial Neural Network and Finite Element Procedure
Authors: Krasiński Marcin , Lefik Marek 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A hybrid ANN-FE solution is presented as a result of two level analysis of soils: a level of a laboratory sample and a level of engineering geotechnical problem. Engineering properties of soils (sands) are represented directly in the form of ANN (this is in contrast with our former paper where ANN approximated constitutive relationships). Initially the ANN is trained with Duncan formula (Duncan and Chang [2]), then it is re-trained (calibrated) with some available experimental data, specific for the soil considered. The obtained approximation of the constitutive parameters is used directly in finite element method at the level of a single element at the scale of the laboratory sample to check the correct representation of the laboratory test. Then, the finite element that was successfully tested at the level of laboratory sample is used at the macro level to solve engineering problems involving the soil for which it was calibrated.
Failure Criterion for Brick Masonry: A Micro-Mechanics Approach
Authors: Kawa Marek 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with the formulation of failure criterion for an in-plane loaded masonry. Using micro-mechanics approach the strength estimation for masonry microstructure with constituents obeying the Drucker-Prager criterion is determined numerically. The procedure invokes lower bound analysis: for assumed stress fields constructed within masonry periodic cell critical load is obtained as a solution of constrained optimization problem. The analysis is carried out for many different loading conditions at different orientations of bed joints. The performance of the approach is verified against solutions obtained for corresponding layered and block microstructures, which provides the upper and lower strength bounds for masonry microstructure, respectively. Subsequently, a phenomenological anisotropic strength criterion for masonry microstructure is proposed. The criterion has a form of conjunction of Jaeger critical plane condition and Tsai-Wu criterion. The model proposed is identified based on the fitting of numerical results obtained from the microstructural analysis. Identified criterion is then verified against results obtained for different loading orientations. It appears that strength of masonry microstructure can be satisfactorily described by the criterion proposed.
The Analysis of Soil Resistance During Screw Displacement Pile Installation
Authors: Krasinski Adam 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The application of screw displacement piles (SDP) is still increasing due to their high efficiency and many advantages. However, one technological problem is a serious disadvantage of those piles. It relates to the generation of very high soil resistance during screw auger penetration, especially when piles are installed in non-cohesive soils. In many situations this problem causes difficulties in creating piles of designed length and diameter. It is necessary to find a proper method for prediction of soil resistance during screw pile installation. The analysis of screw resistances based on model and field tests is presented in the paper. The investigations were carried out as part of research project, financed by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education. As a result of tests and analyses the empirical method for prediction of rotation resistance (torque) during screw auger penetration in non-cohesive subsoil based on CPT is proposed.
Particle Shape Effect on Macroscopic Behaviour of Underground Structures: Numerical and Experimental Study
Authors: Szarf Krzysztof , Combe Gael , Villard Pascal 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The mechanical performance of underground flexible structures such as buried pipes or culverts made of plastics depend not only on the properties of the structure, but also on the material surrounding it. Flexible drains can deflect by 30% with the joints staying tight, or even invert. Large deformations of the structure are difficult to model in the framework of Finite Element Method, but straightforward in Discrete Element Methods. Moreover, Discrete Element approach is able to provide information about the grain-grain and grain-structure interactions at the microscale. This paper presents numerical and experimental investigations of flexible buried pipe behaviour with focus placed on load transfer above the buried structure. Numerical modeling was able to reproduce the experimental results. Load repartition was observed, being affected by a number of factors such as particle shape, pipe friction and pipe stiffness.
“I ask you, Mr. Mitchell, is the emergency over?”: Debating Day Nurseries in the Second World War
Authors: Pasolli Lisa 
Published: February 2015

Abstract: Analyses of the Dominion-Provincial Wartime Day Nurseries Agreement (wdna), most notably that by Ruth Roach Pierson, have been embedded mainly in histories of the mobilization and demobilization of women workers. Viewing the wdna entirely within this framework, however, does not capture the full complexity of the wartime child care story. The wdna sparked wide-ranging debates around the country about which mothers deserved day nursery services and what purposes these day nurseries were meant to serve. Social workers, welfare agencies, private day care providers, child welfare experts, and local politicians sought to define public child care as welfare policy for poor mothers, as a fixer of social ills, as educational innovation, and as a woman's right. This article suggests that the wdna was not just an anomaly in the history of twentieth-century child care but also a program that served to magnify the currents of child care politics that existed long before the war and that reverberated long after the war ended.
Politique et bonne gouvernance
Authors: Chomé Étienne 
Published: February 2015

Cet article propose des stratégies pastorales mettant en œuvre le message du deuxième Synode pour l’Afrique, tenu en 2009, relatives à la politique et à la bonne gouvernance. Il s’inscrit dans la démarche d’une théologie pratique qui s’attache à traduire la pensée synodale en pistes opérationnelles pour les laïcs appelés à s’engager dans la Cité ; ce sont eux qui constituent la grande majorité du peuple de Dieu. L’A. prône la mobilisation collective et une organisation efficace des forces vives de l’Église. À partir des nouvelles sciences et expériences de gestion des conflits, il cherche à articuler davantage la théologie spirituelle de la paix développée par le Synode avec le combat non-violent contre les injustices. Il termine par des propositions concrètes concernant l’engagement solidaire du clergé aux côtés des laïcs qui travaillent concrètement au renforcement de l’État de droit.
L'amour des pauvres et son fondement dans la confession christologique de S. Léon le Grand
Authors: Pidolle Laurent 
Published: February 2015

Alors que l’Année de la Foi coïncide en France avec la démarche Diaconia 2013, cet article montre le lien intrinsèque entre charité et foi à partir des sermons de S. Léon le Grand. Celui-ci caractérise l’aumône comme charité divine envers l’homme et sacrifice de louange au Père : elle doit être éclairée et motivée par la foi dans le Christ qui est reconnu dans les pauvres. En effet, dans sa double forma , Dei et servi , le Christ donne et reçoit en tout pauvre comme en tout serviteur de la divine Miséricorde.
Joseph, le père du fils de la Promesse
Authors: de Lamarzelle Agnès 
Published: February 2015

Au premier chapitre de l’évangile selon Matthieu, le récit de l’annonciation à Joseph succède à la généalogie de Jésus. Cet ensemble fait écho au double récit de la création en Gn 1-2. Une analyse narrative continue de Mt 1,18-25 fait découvrir un surcroît d’accomplissement aux promesses réalisées dans l’Emmanuel accueilli par Joseph : au cœur des engendrements humains se réalise la fécondité surabondante du salut.
Vertige du corps et recherche de raison
Authors: Dijon Xavier 
Published: February 2015

La manière dont nos ordres juridiques occidentaux traitent, de nos jours, la condition corporelle des humains en leur naissance, leur vie ou leur mort, donne parfois le vertige. Comment éviter que les droits de l’homme ne se retournent contre l’homme ? Après avoir analysé les fondements idéologiques de ce bouleversement, l’A. propose une parole venue de la foi pour soutenir le travail de la raison dans son élaboration de l’éthique sociale et sa formulation du droit.
Midrashim dans le Nouveau Testament
Authors: Boyarin Daniel 
Published: February 2015

L’intertextualité du Nouveau Testament réserve toujours des surprises. Poursuivant sa recherche sur La partition du judaïsme et du christianisme et Le Christ juif , l’A. propose une lecture de deux textes qui résonnent dans un paysage sonore bien plus « juif » qu’on ne l’affirme habituellement : l’« aujourd’hui » de la Lettre aux Hébreux et le « fils de l’homme » de l’Apocalypse.
Euthanasie : réflexions d'un médecin
Authors: Karplus Rivka 
Published: February 2015

Se fondant sur son expérience thérapeutique, l’A. montre l’échec de l’euthanasie comme réponse à la souffrance. Là où les malades auraient besoin d’accompagnement, de respect et d’amour, l’euthanasie nie la dignité humaine, l’unicité de la personne et de son expérience. En voulant apporter une « réponse » définitive à la souffrance, l’euthanasie se rapproche de l’acharnement thérapeutique dans son refus d’accepter la situation du malade telle qu’elle est en vérité. Une meilleure compréhension des enjeux peut aider non seulement à se situer face à la question de l’euthanasie, mais aussi à mieux accompagner malades, proches et personnel médical qui s’affrontent à de telles circonstances.
Parole de prêtre : le cas Moïse
Authors: Urfels Florent 
Published: February 2015

La mise par écrit de la Révélation vétérotestamentaire a emprunté plusieurs canaux : scribes de la cour royale, prophètes et leurs disciples, sages, prêtres. C’est à la médiation sacerdotale qu’est dévolu cet article, à partir de la figure emblématique de Moïse. Une fois rappelée l’origine sacerdotale de la Torah, nous montrons comment le culte sacrificiel et la théophanie qu’elle implique sont indispensables pour maintenir le statut vivant de l’Écriture, notamment dans le cadre de la liturgie synagogale. Nous concluons par quelques remarques sur le concept d’inspiration scripturaire et sa mise en œuvre différenciée dans le judaïsme et le christianisme.
Est-il raisonnable de recourir à l'exégèse médiévale au xxi e siècle ?
Authors: De Baenst Benoît 
Published: February 2015

Est-il raisonnable de fonder et de structurer une théologie sur le quadruple sens de l’Écriture ? L’anthropologie et l’épistémologie du jésuite Albert Chapelle qui dérivent d’une compréhension originale de la liberté permettent de rendre compte de la pertinence d’une telle théologie. Ces outils permettent d’opérer un discernement précieux pour reconnaître combien l’Écriture est l’âme de la théologie. Dans cette Écriture, l’articulation entre l’Ancienne et la Nouvelle Alliance, dont nous faisons mémoire dans l’Eucharistie, donne de penser.
Cathodic Protection Assessment by Means of Multiple Calibration Techniques for Integrity Management and Life Extension of Offshore Facilities
Authors: Nezamian A. , Sucharov J. 
Published: February 2015

Maintaining effective cathodic protection for offshore facilities poses a challenging task for operators with ageing assets. Cathodic protection can be characterised by the reduction of the corrosion rate on metal surfaces that are continuously exposed to seawater and sediments via electrochemical protection. Integrity management of these cathodic protection systems is vital as facilities begin to reach their intended design life and operators look for life extension options.
An oil field consisting of a number of well head platforms, a living quarter platform, a flare platform and a processing platform were required to be re-qualified and investigated for possible life extension measures. The cathodic protection assessment for these platforms is the focus of this paper, where the assessment process was critical in assuring the long term integrity.
To guarantee the integrity of the facilities, a methodology that incorporated initial calculations based on mass and current requirements in conjunction with calibration calculations, factoring in present conditions of the facilities, were developed to predict the integrity of the systems for re-qualification and life extension. This paper documents the initial cathodic protection assessment methodology as well as the calibration methodology used to assess each facility for re-qualification and life extension. The calibration calculations were developed to verify the cathodic protection based on measured /observed values rather than assumed design values recommended in the relevant standards and used in the initial cathodic protection calculations.
The paper also provides an overview of the cathodic protection assessment for these offshore facilities in relation to the integrity management for life extension and mitigation options. This overview details the finding in regards to developing a successful cathodic protection program that can be managed and evaluated accurately to allow for prolonged design lives for offshore facilities.
Application of High Speed Valves/Actuators in Subsea Separator System
Authors: Patil Shivkumar , Feng George , Ling Moses , Eriksson Klas Goran 
Published: February 2015

Description
While designing a subsea separator retention time and slug size are two important parameters that need to be considered. By using high speed control valves, the separator can be made smaller. A typical case will be discussed where the separator size could be reduced significantly (by approximately 50 to 90%) if high speed control valves and algorithms are used instead of a more conventional design. This consequently results in significant reduction in weight, size, cost of the separator. Also for deeper waters and higher design pressures, large separator vessels become increasingly difficult (or even impossible) to build, so this technique can be an enabling factor for deep / high pressure subsea separation system.
This paper discusses 5 different control schemes that are considered to achieve the necessary control objectives of a subsea separator. All the control schemes discussed in this paper can handle process upsets, both liquid slugs and gas bursts. However, the ability to handle such transients varies depending on which control scheme is implemented. This paper also discusses two extreme cases and explains how well the 5 control schemes cope with them. This shows that the control loops can be configured in several ways with increasing performance and complexity. In general, performance is increased at the cost of complexity. Also there is a trade-off between separator size and control system performance: a better control system arrangement can reduce the size of the separator.
Paper also touches upon the concept of subsea closed loop control system where SEM acts as a standalone processing unit which provides a fast response time.

Application
Subsea Separation, Boosting, Compression

Results
Results from FEED study performed for an operator located in GoM are discussed in this paper. The study showed a significant reduction in separator size (50% to 90%) and cost. It also improves the reliability and performance of the subsea separator control system.

Significance
Qualified subsea closed loop control system, fast acting valves has helped to implement subsea separation technology in North Sea fields.
This experience can be extended to GoM and unlock the potential of the subsea processing and boosting equipments.
Managing Life Extension Programs for Ageing Floating Offshore Facilities
Authors: Gibbs Brian , Graf Thomas 
Published: February 2015

As technology and the economics of offshore fields continue to change there is the increasing need to keep ageing infrastructure functional and safe increasingly longer service lives. This places demands on the operators and regulating agencies to continue to provide assurances that the structural integrity of offshore facilities can be maintained for considerable periods greater than the original design lives. Corrosion and fatigue needs to be reassessed and in many cases there is the need for some form of mitigation to achieve the extended life. Mitigation options will range from enhanced monitoring to structural retrofit and frequently this needs to be done while the facility remains on station and in production. For some complex deep water facilities such as tension-leg platforms, life extension will present significant challenges as the new frontiers of technology need to be explored and proven to maintain the integrity of critical systems. For ship-conversion facilities such as FPSOs and FSOs the practical solutions to rehabilitating strength while the facility remains on station and operating requires non-conventional approaches. Traditionally ship repairs are undertaken in ship yards and dry docks where there is unlimited labor and access to heavy weight machinery such as dockside cranes. Performing the work offshore severely limits the numbers of personnel and does not have the use of heavy lifting equipment. The presence of hydrocarbons also presents safe working restrictions that need to be integral to the work program.
This paper will discuss proven innovative solutions for rehabilitating floating structures while on-station to allow service lives to be extended safely. This includes creative mitigation solutions that are available to assure strength and fatigue management. While there are many challenges to face in these programs the benefits to the operator are substantial because of the minimization of the loss of production what would normally result from removing the critical infrastructure from the field for the prolonged repair program duration.