bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KONTRAK KONSTRUKSI INFRASTRUKTUR DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2017 TENTANG JASA KONSTRUKSI
Authors: Manurung Edison Hatoguan 
Published: August 2024

Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 Tentang Jasa Konstruksi merupakan dasar penyelenggaraan bidang Jasa Konstruksi yang meliputi dasar pelaksanaan kegiatan konstruksi melalui kontrak konstruksi. Undang-Undang ini tidak mengatur mengenai ketentuan teknis kontrak konstruksi sehingga masih menyimpan potensi munculnya perbuatan merugikan bagi penyedia jasa konstruksi. Padahal di dalam prakteknya ketentuan teknis inilah yang menjadi awal masalah dari kontrak konstruksi. Artikel bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kontrak konstruksi yang memberikan perlindungan bagi penyedia jasa konstruksi agar terhindar dari perbuatan merugikan yang muncul karena itikad baik dalam kontrak konstruksi masih tidak jelas wujudnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual tentang kontrak konstruksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia belum mengatur konsep perbuatan tidak merugikan sebagai klausul wajib dalam kontrak konstruksi. Belum ada jaminan perlindungan hukum dalam kaitannya dengan perbuatan tidak merugikan bagi penyedia jasa dalam kontrak konstruksi. Perlu diatur dalam perundang-undangan jasa konstruksi perihal perbuatan tidak merugikan sebagai klausul wajib dalam kontrak konstruksi, agar perbuatan tidak merugikan dalam pelaksanaan kontrak konstruksi tidak lagi terjadi. Bentuk perlindungan hukum yang muncul dari konsep perbuatan tidak merugikan yaitu secara konkret perlu dibentuk Peraturan Presiden khusus yang mengatur perihal Pengadaan Jasa Konstruksi untuk Pembangunan Infrastruktur milik Pemerintah yang berbeda dengan pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah secara umum.Kata Kunci: Infrastruktur, Konstrak Konstruksi, Pengguna Jasa, Konstruksi, Penyedia Jasa Konstruksi.
Delivery mode and maternal gestational diabetes are important factors in shaping the neonatal initial gut microbiota
Authors: Shi Xuan , Liu Yanfang , Ma Teng , Jin Hao , Zhao Feiyan , Sun Zhihong 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe infant gut microbiome’s establishment is pivotal for health and immune development. Understanding it unveils insights into growth, development, and maternal microbial interactions. Research often emphasizes gut bacteria, neglecting the phageome.MethodsTo investigate the influence of geographic or maternal factors (mode of delivery, mode of breastfeeding, gestational diabetes mellitus) on the gut microbiota and phages of newborns, we collected fecal samples from 34 pairs of mothers and their infants within 24 hours of delivery from three regions (9 pairs from Enshi, 7 pairs from Hohhot, and 18 pairs from Hulunbuir) using sterile containers. Gut microbiota analysis by Shotgun sequencing was subsequently performed.ResultsOur results showed that geographic location affects maternal gut microbiology (P &lt; 0.05), while the effect on infant gut microbiology was not significant (P = 0.184). Among the maternal factors, mode of delivery had a significant (P &lt; 0.05) effect on the newborn. Specific bacteria (e.g., Bacteroides, Escherichia spp., Phocaeicola vulgatus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus hominis, Veillonella spp.), predicted active metabolites, and bacteriophage vOTUs varied with delivery mode. Phocaeicola vulgatus significantly correlated with some metabolites and bacteriophages in the early infant gut (P &lt; 0.05). In the GD group, a strong negative correlation of phage diversity between mother and infants was observed (R = -0.58, P=0.04).ConclusionIn conclusion, neonatal early gut microbiome (including bacteria and bacteriophages) colonization is profoundly affected by the mode of delivery, and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus. The key bacteria may interact with bacteriophages to influence the levels of specific metabolites. Our study provides new evidence for the study of the infant microbiome, fills a gap in the analysis of the infant gut microbiota regarding the virome, and emphasizes the importance of maternal health for the infant initial gut virome.
Pythium insidiosum: an emerging pathogen that is easily misdiagnosed and given treatment as a fungus
Authors: Hu Liuyang , Huang Xiulu , Yee Ngan Hung , Meng Huixia , Jiang Li , Liang Liang , Chen Xingchun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPythium insidiosum (P. insidiosum) is the causative agent of pythiosis, an infectious disease with a high morbidity and fatality rate. Pythiosis cases have increased dramatically during the past ten years, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. Sadly, microbiologists and medical professionals know very little about pythiosis, and the disease is frequently challenging to identify. It is frequently misdiagnosed as a fungal infection.MethodsWe report two cases of pythiosis, one was Pythium keratitis, the other was cutaneous pythiosis. The patient with corneal infection had no underlying disease, while the patient with cutaneous pythiosis had a history of liver cirrhosis, diabetes, and psoriasis. The corneal sample and subcutaneous pus were sent for metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS). To further diagnose the isolated strain, P. insidiosum zoospores were induced to produce by co-incubation with sterile grass leaves in sterile pond water. Their zoospores were used as an inoculum for drug susceptibility testing by disk diffusion and broth microdilution method.ResultsThe mNGS of two cases were reported as P. insidiosum. Zoospores were produced after incubation 48h. The zoospores were collected for drug susceptibility assay. All antifungal drugs, antibacterial drugs of β-Lactams, vancomycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin have no inhibitory activity against P. insidiosum in vitro. Minocycline, tigecycline, linezolid, erythromycin and azithromycin have significant in vitro activity against P. insidiosum. Based on the susceptibility results, the drug was changed from itraconazole to linezolid and minocycline, along with multiple debridements and drainage for cutaneous pythiosis. The patient was discharged after 24 days of treatment.ConclusionsEarly and accurate identification, combined with aggressive surgical debridement and appropriate drug therapy, can greatly improve patient managements. Conventional culture and zoospore induction remain gold standard for diagnosis; however, DNA-based method should be performed simultaneously. The drug susceptibility testing provides profound effects on proper drug selection against P. insidiosum.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients at University of Gondar Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Agonafir Daniel , Mulat Worku Biruk , Alemu Hailemaryam , Nega Godana Tilahun , Fentahun Bekele Shibabaw , Andargie Berhane Abel , Getahun Ayalew Desalew , Sisay Assefa Belete , Alemiye Molla Fikadu , Lema Legese Gebrehiwot 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionLiving with heart failure poses challenges due to its poor prognosis and impact on quality of life, making it crucial to assess how it affects patients for better patient-centered management. This study aimed to assess quality of life and associated factors in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia, 2023.MethodsAn “institution-based” cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialised Hospital. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, biochemical, and echocardiographic characteristics were included in the questionnaire. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported into SPSS version 25 for analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis (p &lt; 0.05) was used to measure the degree of association between quality of life and independent variables.ResultsA total of 240 patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction participated in the study. The health-related quality of life scores for the physical, emotional, and total were 17.60 ± 10.33, 10.58 ± 6.33 and 46.12 ± 26.06, respectively. Health-related quality of life was significantly associated with age, marital status, occupation, income, heart failure duration, recent hospitalization, New York Heart Association functional class, heart failure etiology, atrial fibrillation comorbidity, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, heart failure medications, severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and severe or moderate pulmonary hypertension.ConclusionThis study found that patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction had poor health-related quality of life, influenced by identified factors. These findings aid professionals in assessing and identifying interventions that improve these patients’ quality of life.
The prognostic value of preoperative plasma fibrinogen in Asian patients with urothelial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bao Zhengqing , Li Guizhong , He Feng , Xu Xiao , Liu Zhenhua , Wang Jianwei 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveWe conducted this meta-analysis to comprehensively explore the prognostic value of the preoperative plasma fibrinogen in Asian patients diagnosed with urothelial cancer (UC).MethodsAfter a systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase before May 2024, we included 10 studies in our meta-analysis. The hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and progression free survival (PFS) were estimated using fixed effect model.ResultsThis meta-analysis included a total of 2875 patients. UC patients with an elevated preoperative plasma fibrinogen had worse OS (pooled HR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.81-2.51; P&lt;0.001), CSS (pooled HR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.83-2.70; P&lt;0.001), RFS (pooled HR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.59-2.27; P&lt;0.001), and PFS (pooled HR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.36-3.29, P=0.001). No significant heterogeneity or publication bias was found. Additionally, statistically significant pooled HRs were also calculated in subgroup analysis when stratified by cancer type, country, and cut-off value.ConclusionsThe presence of elevated preoperative plasma fibrinogen levels is significantly correlated with unfavorable tumor outcomes in UCs.
Forest conservation as a CO2 offset measure: a case of an urban development project in Finland
Authors: Järveläinen Mikko , Pihlainen Sampo , Karhu Kristiina , Österberg Nico , Mäkipää Raisa 
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the carbon offset potential in Espoo, Finland, by comparing a construction-impacted deforestation site with a larger conserved forest area. Addressing a knowledge gap in localized forest conservation as a CO2 offset method, our research quantifies the carbon stock and sequestration impacts under both baseline and alternative scenarios for the two study sites. The baseline scenario for offset site reflects standard forest management practices, while the alternative scenario involves complete forest conservation without active management. Our findings reveal that the conserved forest (79 ha), dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), increased its carbon stock by 26 Mg C ha−1 in soil and 65 Mg C ha−1 in biomass. This enhancement is sufficient to compensate for the smaller deforestation site’s (19 ha), also containing a mix of Norway spruce and Scots pine, stock loss of 186 Mg C ha−1 in soil and 43 Mg C ha−1 in biomass. Furthermore, this study illuminates the complexities of CO2 compensation regulation and emphasizes the necessity for robust, transparent carbon accounting practices. The insights offer a valuable perspective on integrating nature-based solutions in urban planning to achieve broader ecological and climate goals.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals tumor microenvironment remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma with varying tumor subclonal complexity
Authors: Shi Jian , Zhang Yanru , Xu Lixia , Wang Fang 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe complexity of tumor cell subclonal structure has been extensively investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of subclonal complexity in reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood.MethodsWe integrated single-cell transcriptome sequencing data from four independent HCC cohorts, involving 30 samples, to decode the associations between tumor subclonal complexity and the TME. We proposed a robust metric to accurately quantify the degree of subclonal complexity for each sample based on discrete copy number variations (CNVs) profiles.ResultsWe found that tumor cells in the high-complexity group originated from the cell lineage with FGB overexpression and exhibited high levels of transcription factors associated with poor survival. In contrast, tumor cells in low-complexity patients showed activation of more hallmark signaling pathways, more active cell-cell communications within the TME and a higher immune activation status. Additionally, cytokines signaling activity analysis suggested a link between HMGB1 expressed by a specific endothelial subtype and T cell proliferation.DiscussionOur study sheds light on the intricate relationship between the complexity of subclonal structure and the TME, offering novel insights into potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
Exploring the molecular and immune landscape of cellular senescence in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ru Kun , Cui Liang , Wu Cong , Tan Xin X. , An Wen T. , Wu Qiang , Ma Yu T. , Hao Yu , Xiao Xiao , Bai Jing , Liu Xiang , Xia Xue F. , Zhao Miao Q. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe connection between aging and cancer is complex. Previous research has highlighted the association between the aging process of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells and the immune response, yet there remains a gap in confirming this through single-cell data validation. Here, we aim to develop a novel aging-related prognostic model for LUAD, and verify the alterations in the genome and immune microenvironment linked to cellular senescence.MethodsWe integrated a comprehensive collection of senescence genes from the GenAge and CellAge databases and employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox analysis to construct and validate a novel prognostic model for LUAD. This model was then utilized to examine the relationship between aging, tumor somatic mutations, and immune cell infiltration. Additionally, we explored the heterogeneity of senescence and intercellular communication within the LUAD tumor microenvironment (TME) through single-cell transcriptomic data analysis.ResultsBy exploring the expression profiles of 586 cellular senescence-related genes in 428 LUAD patients, we constructed an aging-related genes (ARGs) risk model included 10 ARGs and validated it as an independent prognostic predictor for LUAD patients. Notably, patients with low aging scores (LAS group) exhibited better survival, lower tumor mutation burden (TMB), lower somatic mutation frequency, lower tumor proliferation rate, and an immune activated phenotype compared to patients with high aging scores (HAS group). While the HAS group was enriched in tumor cells and showed a lower infiltration of CD8-CCR7, CD8- CXCL13, CD8-GNLY, FCGR3A NK cells, XCL1 NK cells, plasma cell (PC) and other immune subsets. Furthermore, the SPP1 and TENASCIN pathways, associated with tumor immune escape and tumor progression, were also enriched in the HAS group. Additionally, our study also indicated that senescence levels were heterogeneous in the LUAD tumor microenvironment (TME), especially with tumor cells in the LAS group showing higher age scores compared to those in the HAS group.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings underscore that ARRS through ARGs serves as a robust biomarker for the prognosis in LUAD.
Repeated versus single praziquantel dosing regimen in treatment of female genital schistosomiasis: a phase 2 randomised controlled trial showing no difference in efficacy
Authors: Arenholt Louise Thomsen Schmidt , Randrianasolo Bodo Sahondra , Rabozakandraina Tiana Onintsoa Oliva , Ramarokoto Charles Emile , Jøker Karoline , Kæstel Aarøe Katrina , Brønnum Dorthe , Bundgaard Nielsen Caspar , Sørensen Suzette , Lumholdt Mads , Jensen Martin , Lundbye-Christensen Søren , Jensen Jørgen Skov , Corstjens Paul , Hoekstra Pytsje , J van Dam Govert , Kobayashi Noriko , Hamano Shinjiro , Leutscher Peter Derek Christian 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundSingle-dose praziquantel (PZQ) for treating urogenital schistosomiasis has been reported as inadequate for achieving significant resolution of female genital schistosomiasis (FGS)-associated cervicovaginal lesions. This randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a repeated PZQ-dosing regimen.MethodsThe trial was conducted among women aged 15 to 34 with FGS-associated cervical lesions living in a Schistosoma haematobium-endemic area of northern Madagascar. A total of 116 women were randomly allocated to either repeated PZQ-dosing (n=58) or a single PZQ dose (n=58). All received an initial PZQ dose of 40mg/kg at baseline. In the repeated-dosing arm, additional doses were given 12 and 24 hours later and again at 5 and 10 weeks. Primary outcome was FGS-related cervical lesions at baseline compared to Week 15 follow-up. Secondary outcomes encompassed pelvic exam abnormalities, urogenital complaints, and biomarkers, including cervicovaginal S. haematobium DNA and circulating anodic antigens (CAA) in serum.ResultsExcluding 21 women who were pregnant or failed to attend follow-up visits, 95 women were eligible for per-protocol treatment effect analysis. A minor and insignificant reduction in cervical lesions was observed in both of the two treatment arms at Week 15 follow-up. A clear tendency towards decline in pelvic exam abnormalities and urogenital complaints in both treatment arm groups was observed. The reduction in number of women testing positive for CAA and mean CAA values was significant in both arms but less so in the single-dose arm. Mild to moderate adverse events of equal proportions were reported in both treatment arm groups.ConclusionFGS-associated cervical lesions appear refractory to PZQ treatment even when this is administered in a repeated-dosing regimen. In contrast, the repeated regimen seems more effective at eliminating the dwelling worm population than the single-dose regimen, as demonstrated by the CAA findings. Irrespective of dosing regimen, pelvic exam abnormalities and urogenital complaints saw equal reductions at follow-up. However, the outcome of our primary study emphasises the need for initiation early in life and a persistently maintained PZQ treatment strategy throughout childhood and adolescence to prevent lesions from establishing in the first place.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/, dentifier NCT04115072.
DeepCGAN: early Alzheimer's detection with deep convolutional generative adversarial networks
Authors: Ali Imad , Saleem Nasir , Alhussein Musaed , Zohra Benazeer , Aurangzeb Khursheed , Haq Qazi Mazhar ul 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most prevailing cause of dementia. AD critically disturbs the daily routine, which usually needs to be detected at its early stage. Unfortunately, AD detection using magnetic resonance imaging is challenging because of the subtle physiological variations between normal and AD patients visible on magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsTo cope with this challenge, we propose a deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DeepCGAN) for detecting early-stage AD in this article. The DeepCGAN is an unsupervised generative model that expands the dataset size in addition to its diversity by utilizing the generative adversarial network (GAN). The Generator of GAN follows the encoder-decoder framework and takes cognitive data as inputs, whereas the Discriminator follows a structure similar to the Generator's encoder. The last dense layer uses a softmax classifier to detect the labels indicating the AD.ResultsThe proposed model attains an accuracy rate of 97.32%, significantly surpassing recent state-of-the-art models' performance, including Adaptive Voting, ResNet, AlexNet, GoogleNet, Deep Neural Networks, and Support Vector Machines.DiscussionThe DeepCGAN significantly improves early AD detection accuracy and robustness by enhancing the dataset diversity and leveraging advanced GAN techniques, leading to better generalization and higher performance in comparison to traditional and contemporary methods. These results demonstrate the ecacy of DeepCGAN in enhancing early AD detection, thereby potentially improving patient outcomes through timely intervention.
Development and evaluation of two rapid lateral flow assays for on-site detection of African swine fever virus
Authors: Wang Lihua , Kim Juhun , Kang Hyangju , Park Hong-Je , Lee Min-Jong , Hong Sung-Hee , Seo Chang-Won , Madera Rachel , Li Yuzhen , Craig Aidan , Retallick Jamie , Matias-Ferreyra Franco , Sohn Eun-Ju , Shi Jishu 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a lethal and highly contagious transboundary animal disease with the potential for rapid international spread. In the absence of a widely available and definitively proven vaccine, rapid and early detection is critical for ASF control. The quick and user-friendly lateral flow assay (LFA) can easily be performed by following simple instructions and is ideal for on-site use. This study describes the development and validation of two LFAs for the rapid detection of ASF virus (ASFV) in pig serum.MethodsThe highly immunogenic antigens (p30 and p72) of ASFV Georgia 2007/1 (genotype II) were expressed in plants (Nicotiana benthamiana) and were used to immunize BALB/c mice to generate specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the p30 and p72 proteins. mAbs with the strongest binding ability to each protein were used to develop p30_LFA and p72_LFA for detecting the respective ASFV antigens. The assays were first evaluated using a spike-in test by adding the purified p30 or p72 protein to a serum sample from a healthy donor pig. Further validation of the tests was carried out using serum samples derived from experimentally infected domestic pigs, field domestic pigs, and feral pigs, and the results were compared with those of ASFV real-time PCR.Resultsp30_LFA and p72_LFA showed no cross-reaction with common swine viruses and delivered visual results in 15 min. When testing with serially diluted proteins in swine serum samples, analytical sensitivity reached 10 ng/test for p30_LFA and 20 ng/test for p72_LFA. Using real-time PCR as a reference, both assays demonstrated high sensitivity (84.21% for p30_LFA and 100% for p72_LFA) with experimentally ASFV-infected pig sera. Specificity was 100% for both LFAs using a panel of PBS-inoculated domestic pig sera. Excellent specificity was also shown for field domestic pig sera (100% for p30_LFA and 93% for p72_LFA) and feral pig sera (100% for both LFAs).ConclusionThe results obtained in this study suggest that p30_LFA and p72_LFA hold promise as rapid, sensitive, user-friendly, and field-deployable tools for ASF control, particularly in settings with limited laboratory resources.