bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance-based contracting in service supply chains: a service provider risk perspective
Authors: Selviaridis Kostas , Norrman Andreas 
Published: March 2014

Purpose– The performance of service supply chains in terms of service levels and cost efficiency depends not only on the effort of service providers but also on the inputs of sub-contractors and the customer. In this sense, performance-based contracting (PBC) entails increased financial risk for providers. Allocating and managing risk through contractual relationships along the service supply chain is a critical issue, and yet there is scant empirical evidence regarding what factors influence, and how, provider willingness to bear PBC-induced risk. This paper aims to address this gap.Design/methodology/approach– The paper draws on agency theory and two cases of logistics service supply chains, in the food retail and automotive industries respectively, to identify key influencing factors. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 managers of providers and sub-contractors and review of 35 documents, notably contracts and target letters.Findings– Four influencing factors were found: performance attributability within the service supply chain; relational governance in service supply chain relationships; provider risk and reward balancing; and provider ability to transfer risk to sub-contractors. The propositions developed address how these factors influence provider willingness to bear PBC-induced risk.Research limitations/implications– The factors identified are external to the provider mindset and refer to the management of contractual relationships and service delivery interactions along the service supply chain. The paper contributes to agency theory by stressing the risk allocation implications of bi-directional principal-agent relations in service supply chains.Practical implications– The study suggests ways in which providers can increase their capacity to bear and manage financial risk related to PBC design.Originality/value– The paper identifies factors that influence provider willingness to bear financial risk induced by PBC in service supply chains.
Temperature cycling with Peltier elements of boards with SMD components and failure evaluation
Authors: Šandera Josef , Nicák Michal 
Published: March 2014

Purpose
– This article aims to discuss the construction of a system for temperature cycling, where Peltier elements are used as heating or cooling elements. This article describes the results and experiences based on several years of practice in the area of thermo-mechanical reliability of soldered joints on printed boards with SMD components.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors discuss the characteristics of the design, the threshold temperatures, dynamic properties of the system and, most importantly, the reliability and the useful life of the Peltier elements. The advantages and disadvantages of the system are mentioned as well as examples of use.

Findings
– The utilisation of Peltier elements for temperature cycling is possible, but it is important to keep in mind that the reliability of the elements is similar to the reliability of the system, and therefore, it is essential to replace the defective Peltier elements during the cycling.

Research limitations/implications
– The construction of system is very simply. It is necessary to ensure the Peltier elements with low dispersion parameters.

Originality/value
– The system is very well suited for cycling of printed boards, especially one sided, multi-chip systems, COB systems, flip-chip embedded construction, etc. The system can be used in situations where it is possible to ensure an effective heat transfer and where extremely low temperatures are not required.
The smell of good food: volatile infochemicals as resource quality indicators
Authors: Moelzner Jana , Fink Patrick 
Published: March 2014

Summary

Foraging success generally depends on various environmental and physiological factors. Particularly for organisms with limited motility such as gastropods, food searching is a very cost‐intensive process. As energy gain through foraging is dependent on both resource quality and quantity, consumers have to be able to differentiate between varying resource items.

The effectiveness of food searching could be increased through the perception of diet‐derived chemical signals that convey information about a food resource's quality over a certain distance. This strategy would clearly help to optimize movement decisions.

In this study, we investigated the foraging behaviour of a freshwater gastropod towards volatile signal substances released from benthic algae grown under high and low nutrient availability, representing high and low food quality, using behavioural assays in the laboratory.

Our results demonstrate that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) serve as foraging kairomones for these aquatic, benthic herbivores. Further, we were able to show for the first time that snails are able to differentiate between high‐ and low‐quality food sources, only by the perception of food odours alone (volatile infochemicals).

Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry demonstrated quantitative as well as qualitative differences in the chemical composition of the VOCs bouquet, dependent on algal nutrient content.

Our results suggest that the recognition of resource quality via the reception of signal substances is likely to be adaptive for consumers with low mobility to maximize ingestion of high‐quality resources.
Increasing Content Knowledge and Self‐Efficacy of High School Educators through an Online Course in Food Science
Authors: Liceaga Andrea M. , Ballard Tameshia S. , Esters Levon T. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPurdue Univ.'s College of Agriculture developed an Advanced Life Sciences (ALS) program in partnership with several high schools across Indiana. As part of ALS, secondary educators take an introductory food science (FS) course (ALS‐Foods) and teach it at their high school. High school students taking the ALS‐Foods receive dual credit for an introductory course required for all FS majors at Purdue. The goal of this project was to develop an online course to improve content knowledge and self‐efficacy of secondary educators in the field of FS. The course was offered over a 3‐wk period and consisted of 3 learning modules focused on food chemistry, food microbiology, and food processing. Modules included class activities, videos, study questions, and teaching tools. Participants were assessed on content knowledge through written assignments, quizzes, and a final examination. Twenty secondary educators from several states were enrolled. Overall, content knowledge increased significantly (P < 0.05) across all 3 modules after completing the course. Highest scores were in food microbiology/safety (84%), followed by food processing (76%) and food chemistry (70%). A precourse survey indicated that the majority (>80%) of participants felt they had “no‐confidence” to “little‐confidence” in teaching FS concepts related to the 3 modules. Upon completing the course, the confidence level of all participants increased to “some‐confidence” or “complete confidence.” By strengthening the knowledge level of secondary educators, they will be better prepared to teach FS and subsequently, more high school students could be exposed to FS and consider it as a career.
Simultaneous Homicide–Suicide: A Case Report of Double Drowning
Authors: Melez İpek Esen , Avşar Abdullah , Başpınar Bünyamin , Melez Deniz Oğuzhan , Şahin Fatih , Özdeş Taşkın 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHomicide–suicide is a tragic phenomenon which typically does not result in a criminal charge or trial. However, correct diagnosis and classification of homicide–suicide cases are important to determine the perpetrators and dynamics of each category properly. The deaths in the homicide–suicide acts can be divided into two categories with respect to the number of involved individuals: dyadic deaths and triple or multiple deaths. These two categories can also be divided into two subgroups according to the chronology of the incidents: simultaneous deaths and consecutive deaths. Herein, a simultaneous homicide–suicide case of a father and daughter where both deaths occurred through drowning which was not found in the selected literature review and where the victim was a child is presented. The article aims to clarify the term discrepancies about multiple death cases in the literature and to discuss the pathological and psychosocial characteristics of the simultaneous dyadic death cases.
Chamaerops humilis L. var. argentea André Date Palm Seed Oil: A Potential Dietetic Plant Product
Authors: Nehdi Imededdine Arbi , Mokbli Sadok , Sbihi Hassen , Tan Chin Ping , Al‐Resayes Saud Ibrahim 
Published: March 2014

AbstractChamaerops humilis L. var. argentea André (C. humilis) date palm seeds are an underutilized source of vegetable oil, and no studies describing their physicochemical characteristics to indicate the potential uses of this seed or seed oil have been reported. The oil content of the seeds is about 10%, mainly composed of oleic acid (38.71%), lauric acid (21.27%), linoleic acid (15.15%), palmitic acid (9.96%), and stearic acid (7.17%). The tocol (tocopherols and tocotrienols) content is 74 mg/100 g, with δ‐tocotrienol as the major contributor (31.91%), followed by α‐tocotrienol (29.37%), γ‐tocopherol (20.16%), and γ‐tocotrienol (11.86%). Furthermore, this oil shows high thermal stability. The differential scanning calorimetery curves revealed that the melting and crystallization points are 9.33 °C and –15.23 °C, respectively.
Two elderly cases of familial mediterranean fever with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Matsuoka Naoki , Iwanaga Junko , Ichinose Yasufumi , Fujiyama Kaoru , Tsuboi Masahiko , Kawakami Atsushi , Migita Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a genetic autoinflammatory disorder that usually develops before 20 years of age and is characterized by periodic fever with serositis and arthritis. Both FMF and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involve arthritis; however, their coexistence is rare. We describe two RA patients with an MEFV mutation in exon 2, who were diagnosed with FMF at an age of over 50 years. We also discuss the possibility that MEFV mutations could modulate RA disease activity.
Randomized controlled trial to assess the short‐term effectiveness of tailored web‐ and text‐based facilitation of smoking cessation in primary care (iQuit in Practice)
Authors: Naughton Felix , Jamison James , Boase Sue , Sloan Melanie , Gilbert Hazel , Prevost A. Toby , Mason Dan , Smith Susan , Brimicombe James , Evans Robert , Sutton Stephen 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAimsTo estimate the short‐term effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of a smoking cessation intervention (the iQuit system) that consists of tailored printed and Short Message Service (SMS) text message self‐help delivered as an adjunct to cessation support in primary care to inform the design of a definitive trial.DesignA stratified two parallel‐group randomized controlled trial comparing usual care (control) with usual care plus the iQuit system (intervention), delivered by primary care nurses/healthcare assistants who were blinded to the allocation sequence.SettingThirty‐two general practice (GP) surgeries in England, UK.ParticipantsA total of 602 smokers initiating smoking cessation support from their local GP surgery were randomized (control n = 303, intervention n = 299).MeasurementsPrimary outcome was self‐reported 2‐week point prevalence abstinence at 8 weeks follow‐up. Secondary smoking outcomes and feasibility and acceptability measures were collected at 4 weeks after quit date, 8 weeks and 6 months follow‐up.FindingsThere were no significant between‐group differences in the primary outcome [control 40.3%, iQuit 45.2%; odds ratio (OR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.88–1.69] or in secondary short‐term smoking outcomes. Six‐month prolonged abstinence was significantly higher in the iQuit arm (control 8.9%, iQuit 15.1%; OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.09–3.01). iQuit support took on average 7.7 minutes (standard deviation = 4.0) to deliver and 18.9% (95% CI = 14.8–23.7%) of intervention participants discontinued the text message support during the programme.ConclusionsTailored printed and text message self‐help delivered alongside routine smoking cessation support in primary care does not significantly increase short‐term abstinence, but may increase long‐term abstinence and demonstrated feasibility and acceptability compared with routine cessation support alone.
Modelling effects of candidate genes on complex traits as variables over time
Authors: Szyda J. , Komisarek J. , Antkowiak I. 
Published: March 2014

SummaryIn this study, changes in gene effects for milk production traits were analysed over time. Such changes can be expected by investigating daily milk production yields, which increase during the early phase of lactation and then decrease. Moreover, additive polygenic effects on milk production traits estimated in other studies differed throughout the 305 days of lactation, clearly indicating changes in the genetic determination of milk production throughout this period. Our study focused on particular candidate genes known to affect milk production traits and on the estimation of potential changes in the magnitude of their effects over time. With two independent data sets from Holstein‐Friesian and Jersey breeds, we show that the effects of the DGAT1:p.Lys232Ala polymorphism on fat and protein content in milk change during lactation. The other candidate genes considered in this study (leptin receptor, leptin and butyrophilin, subfamily 1, member A1) exhibited effects that vary across time, but these could be observed in only one of the breeds. Longitudinal modelling of SNP effects enables more precise description of the genetic background underlying the variation of complex traits. A gene that changes the magnitude or even the sign of its effect cannot be detected by a time‐averaged model. This was particularly evident when analysing the effect of butyrophilin, missed by many previous studies, which considered butyrophilin's effect as constant over time.
The Visionary Psyche: Jung's Analytical Psychology and Its Impact on Theories of Shamanic Imagery
Authors: Scott Emma 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis article considers the shaman's visionary encounters with spirit beings from the critical viewpoint of several innovative theories of shamanism: Richard Noll's cognitive approach and Michael Winkelman's neurophenomenological perspective. These distinct approaches are analyzed in light of Jung's central concepts of the archetypes, the collective unconscious, and the individuation process, which have had a huge formative influence upon the academic investigation of visions and spiritual experiences. The centrality of Jung's theoretical reasoning within these recent studies of shamanism strongly demonstrates the continued importance of his analytical psychology and provides valuable insight into the historical and conceptual development of this expanding field of interest.
Differential clinical characteristics, treatment response and prognosis of locally advanced adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of cervix treated with definitive radiotherapy
Authors: Chen Jenny Ling‐Yu , Huang Chao‐Yuan , Huang Yu‐Sen , Chen Ruey‐Jien , Wang Chun‐Wei , Chen Yu‐Hsuan , Cheng Jason Chia‐Hsien , Cheng Ann‐Lii , Kuo Sung‐Hsin 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo compare tumor characteristics and clinical outcome of patients with cervical locally advanced adenocarcinoma (AC)/adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).DesignRetrospective study.SettingNational Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.PopulationAll patients with cervical SCC (n = 35), AC or ASC (n = 194) with FIGO stage ≥IIB who received definitive radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) from January 1995 to December 2009.MethodMedical and histopathological record review.Main outcome measuresProgression‐free survival (PFS), local recurrence‐free survival, distant metastasis‐free survival, and overall survival (OS).ResultsCompared with the SCC subgroup, patients with AC/ASC were significantly younger (p = 0.007), more of them without clinical symptoms were diagnosed by abnormal Pap smear findings (p = 0.043), and less responded to treatment (p = 0.018). After a median follow‐up of 59.3 months, patients with AC/ASC had worse 5‐year PFS (30.0% vs. 47.6%, p = 0.044), worse 5‐year distant metastasis‐free survival (41.5% vs. 69.9%, p = 0.005), and trends toward worse 5‐year local recurrence‐free survival (64.4% vs. 76.2%, p = 0.165) and worse 5‐year OS (41.3% vs. 58.1%, p = 0.090) than patients with SCC. In univariate analysis, early FIGO stage and complete treatment response were significantly associated with PFS and OS. Histology of non‐AC/ASC and Point A biologically equivalent doses in 2‐Gy fractions >85 Gy were significantly associated with better PFS, and CCRT was significantly associated with better OS. In multivariate analysis, complete treatment response and early FIGO stage remained significant factors for predicting better PFS and OS.ConclusionsCervical AC/ASC may be more aggressive than is SCC. For cervical AC/ASC, more comprehensively effective treatments are warranted.
The validity of the variable “NICU admission” as an outcome measure for neonatal morbidity: a retrospective study
Authors: Wiegerinck Melanie M.J. , Danhof Nora A. , Van Kaam Anton H. , Tamminga Pieter , Mol Ben Willem J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether “neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission” is a valid surrogate outcome measure to assess neonatal condition in clinical studies.DesignRetrospective study.SettingTertiary hospital in the Netherlands.PopulationNeonates admitted to NICU during a 10‐year period. Inclusion was restricted to singletons born beyond 37 weeks of gestation, and admitted to NICU in the first 24 h for delivery‐related morbidity.MethodsPatient characteristics and admission data were compared for four groups based on the line of care during delivery, i.e. home birth (Ia), midwife‐led hospital delivery (Ib), secondary care (II), tertiary care (III).Main outcome measuresPercentage of neonates/infants that died during NICU admission, diagnosis on admission, treatment received and a Neonatal Therapeutic Intervention Score System (NTISS).ResultsWe studied 776 newborns (Ia 52, Ib 25, II 160, III 512, 27 unknown). The mortality rate differed significantly (Ia 15%, Ib 12%, II 22%, III 1%, p < 0.01), as did the NTISS morbidity scores at admission [Ia 12.0 (6.0–23.0), Ib 8.5 (6.3–10.0), II 21.0 (15.0–30.0), III 6.0 (4.0–9.0); p < 0.01], diagnosis at admission, received treatment and the duration of admission.ConclusionsThe severity of neonatal illness after 37 weeks of gestation differed depending on the line of care in which they were born, with neonates born in secondary care consistently having the highest morbidity, and those born in tertiary care having the lowest. NICU admission should not be used as an outcome measure for neonatal morbidity, specifically not when comparing different birth settings.
In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Three Different Modes of Pump Operation When Using a Left Ventricular Assist Device as a Right Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Stevens Michael C. , Gregory Shaun D. , Nestler Frank , Thomson Bruce , Choudhary Jivesh , Garlick Bruce , Pauls Jo P. , Fraser John F. , Timms Daniel 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDual rotary left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been used clinically to support patients with biventricular failure. However, due to the lower vascular resistance in the pulmonary circulation compared with its systemic counterpart, excessively high pulmonary flow rates are expected if the right ventricular assist device (RVAD) is operated at its design LVAD speed. Three possible approaches are available to match the LVAD to the pulmonary circulation: operating the RVAD at a lower speed than the LVAD (mode 1), operating both pumps at their design speeds (mode 2) while relying on the cardiovascular system to adapt, and operating both pumps at their design speeds while restricting the diameter of the RVAD outflow graft (mode 3). In this study, each mode was characterized using in vitro and in vivo models of biventricular heart failure supported with two VentrAssist LVADs. The effect of each mode on arterial and atrial pressures and flow rates for low, medium, and high vascular resistances and three different contractility levels were evaluated. The amount of speed/diameter adjustment required to accommodate elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) during support with mode 3 was then investigated. Mode 1 required relatively low systemic vascular resistance to achieve arterial pressures less than 100 mm Hg in vitro, resulting in flow rates greater than 6 L/min. Mode 2 resulted in left atrial pressures above 25 mm Hg, unless left heart contractility was near‐normal. In vitro, mode 3 resulted in expected arterial pressures and flow rates with an RVAD outflow diameter of 6.5 mm. In contrast, all modes were achievable in vivo, primarily due to higher RVAD outflow graft resistance (more than 500 dyn·s/cm5), caused by longer cannula. Flow rates could be maintained during instances of elevated PVR by increasing the RVAD speed or expanding the outflow graft diameter using an externally applied variable graft occlusion device. In conclusion, suitable hemodynamics could be produced by either restricting or not restricting the right outflow graft diameter; however, the latter required an operation of the RVAD at lower than design speed. Adjustments in outflow restriction and/or RVAD speed are recommended to accommodate varying PVR.
Evaluation of Conventional Nonpulsatile and Novel Pulsatile Extracorporeal Life Support Systems in a Simulated Pediatric Extracorporeal Life Support Model
Authors: Wang Shigang , Evenson Alissa , Chin Brian J. , Kunselman Allen R. , Ündar Akif 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe objective of this study is to evaluate two extracorporeal life support (ECLS) circuits and determine the effect of pulsatile flow on pressure drop, flow/pressure waveforms, and hemodynamic energy levels in a pediatric pseudopatient. One ECLS circuit consisted of a Medos Deltastream DP3 diagonal pump and Hilite 2400 LT oxygenator with arterial/venous tubing. The second circuit consisted of a Maquet RotaFlow centrifugal pump and Quadrox‐iD Pediatric oxygenator with arterial/venous tubing. A 14Fr Medtronic Bio‐Medicus one‐piece pediatric arterial cannula was used for both circuits. All trials were conducted at flow rates ranging from 500 to 2800 mL/min using pulsatile or nonpulsatile flow. The post‐cannula pressure was maintained at 50 mm Hg. Blood temperature was maintained at 36°C. Real‐time pressure and flow data were recorded using a custom‐based data acquisition system. The results showed that the Deltastream DP3 circuit produced surplus hemodynamic energy (SHE) in pulsatile mode at all flow rates, with greater SHE delivery at lower flow rates. Neither circuit produced SHE in nonpulsatile mode. The Deltastream DP3 pump also demonstrated consistently higher total hemodynamic energy at the pre‐oxygenator site in pulsatile mode and a lesser pressure drop across the oxygenator. The Deltastream DP3 pump generated physiological pulsatility without backflow and provided increased hemodynamic energy. This novel ECLS circuit demonstrates suitable in vitro performance and adaptability to a wide range of pediatric patients.