bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐efficiency low‐noise pulse‐width modulation DC–DC buck converter based on multi‐partition switching for mobile system‐on‐a‐chip applications
Authors: An Tai‐Ji , Ahn Gil‐Cho , Lee Seung‐Hoon 
Published: October 2015

This study presents a high‐efficiency low‐noise pulse‐width modulation (PWM) DC–DC buck converter based on multi‐partition switching for mobile system‐on‐a‐chip applications. A multi‐partition switching technique is employed for the control of large current driving switches to minimise the switching noise. In addition, a PWM control with a switching frequency of 2 MHz is applied for the driving of output stage with a heavy load to optimise the power efficiency. The prototype DC–DC buck converter with an active die area of 0.28 mm2 was implemented using a 0.18 µm bipolar‐CMOS–DMOS (BCD) process. The peak power efficiency is 93%, while supplying an output current of 200 mA and an output voltage of 1.8 V.
RNA sensing by conventional dendritic cells is central to the development of lupus nephritis
Authors: Celhar Teja , Hopkins Richard , Thornhill Susannah I. , De Magalhaes Raquel , Hwang Sun-Hee , Lee Hui-Yin , Yasuga Hiroko , Jones Leigh A. , Casco Jose , Lee Bernett , Thamboo Thomas P. , Zhou Xin J. , Poidinger Michael , Connolly John E. , Wakeland Edward K. , Fairhurst Anna-Marie 
Published: October 2015

SignificanceSystemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease where genetic and environmental factors play equally important roles. Recent research has identified that upregulation of the innate immune Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is fundamental for the development of severe disease. In ourSle1Tg7 model system, we show that increased expression of TLR7 in dendritic cells (DCs) is important for the development of kidney disease. Furthermore, we identify conventional CD11b+DCs infiltrating the glomeruli of diseased mice. In a resting state, human myeloid DCs express negligible levels of TLR7. However, exposure to multiple stimuli results in a dramatic increase in expression. Together, these findings suggest a role for myeloid DC-TLR7 in clinical disease and that TLR7 expression in this cellular compartment may represent a novel target for therapeutic investigation.
Producing desired ice faces
Authors: Shultz Mary Jane , Brumberg Alexandra , Bisson Patrick J. , Shultz Ryan 
Published: October 2015

Significance
The molecular-level structure of ice––bonding patterns, binding sites, and molecular mobility––is difficult to probe experimentally due to challenges preparing faces of neat ice. One approach is to grow ice on a substrate. However, ice is held together by hydrogen bonds; a substrate perturbs the connections and radically alters the surface properties. This work shows how to quantitatively specify orientation of the ice lattice with respect to a surface. More importantly, based on recent success growing large single crystals, it shows how to prepare any desired face from the initial crystal surface orientation. A general procedure for preparing any arbitrary face is described. The procedure is used to prepare all three major faces from various initial orientations.
Growing the terrestrial planets from the gradual accumulation of submeter-sized objects
Authors: Levison Harold F. , Kretke Katherine A. , Walsh Kevin J. , Bottke William F. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
The fact that Mars is so much smaller than both Earth and Venus has been a long-standing puzzle of terrestrial planet formation. Here we show that a new mode of planet formation known as “Viscous Stirred Pebble Accretion,” which has recently been shown to produce the giant planets, also naturally explains the small size of Mars and the low mass of the asteroid belt. Thus there is a unified model that can be used to explain all of the basic properties of our solar system.
A priori calculations of the free energy of formation from solution of polymorphic self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Reimers Jeffrey R. , Panduwinata Dwi , Visser Johan , Chin Yiing , Tang Chunguang , Goerigk Lars , Ford Michael J. , Sintic Maxine , Sum Tze-Jing , Coenen Michiel J. J. , Hendriksen Bas L. M. , Elemans Johannes A. A. W. , Hush Noel S. , Crossley Maxwell J. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
First-principles free energy calculations, characterizing polymorphism of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of porphyrin molecules formed from solution onto graphite, are performed using efficient methods previously applied only to small-molecule reactivity. SAM structures are typically optimized in the absence of solvent using density functional theory embodying explicit dispersion corrections. Added then are dispersion-dominated implicit solvation energies and SAM formation entropies derived from both molecular and phonon vibration frequencies. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images are measured, and polymorph formation free energies are approximated. Close parallels between experiment and theory support the hypothesis that the first seconds of SAM formation are under thermodynamic control, despite formed SAMs being kinetically trapped. Polymorphism is associated with large opposing changes to entropy and substrate−molecule and solvent−molecule interaction energies.
Robustness of sensory-evoked excitation is increased by inhibitory inputs to distal apical tuft dendrites
Authors: Egger Robert , Schmitt Arno C. , Wallace Damian J. , Sakmann Bert , Oberlaender Marcel , Kerr Jason N. D. 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Even the simplest sensory stimulus activates millions of synapses across the cortex. How neurons integrate these highly specialized, but noisy synaptic input patterns to generate robust electrophysiological responses—that ultimately translate into behavior—remains elusive. Here, we provide first insight into a mechanism that may underlie the general phenomenon, observed across sensory modalities and species, that stimulation decreases variability in neuronal activity. Specifically, we show that during sensory stimulation, highly specialized inhibitory neurons provide synaptic input to distal dendrites of excitatory neurons, which reduces variability but not the mean amplitude of the response. Distal dendritic shunting may thus represent a general principle of cortex organization to ensure that noisy synaptic input patterns translate into robust sensory-evoked neuronal activity.
tcsBU: a tool to extend TCS network layout and visualization
Authors: Múrias dos Santos António , Cabezas Maria Pilar , Tavares Ana Isabel , Xavier Raquel , Branco Madalena 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Motivation: TCS is a widely used haplotype network reconstruction software, but lacks the capability of overlapping genetic with geographic structure, which is often a first step in phylogeographic analysis.
Results: tcsBU is a web-based program that extends the capabilities of TCS, by implementing haplotype classification into an arbitrary user-defined scheme, which is displayed as pie-chart like graphs embedded into the network. Taking advantage of modern graphic libraries, tcsBU also improves the speed at which the final network layout is reached. Networks can be saved as a Scalable Vector Graphics format.
Availability and implementation: tcsBU is available on-line at http://cibio.up.pt/software/tcsBU/. The source code is freely available from https://github.com/sairum/tcsbu/ under a standard MIT license.
Contact: amsantos@fc.up.pt
Early evidence of the impact of preindustrial fishing on fish stocks from the mid-west and southeast coastal fisheries of Scotland in the 19th century
Authors: Jones Peter , Cathcart Alison , Speirs Douglas C. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In recent years, historical ecologists have turned their attention to the long-term impact of fishing on coastal marine ecosystems in the North Atlantic. Through the examination of non-traditional sources, scientists and scholars are beginning to piece together a clearer picture of ecosystem change over centuries of anthropogenic influence. One aspect of this long-term approach is that data are being recovered from some surprising sources, and, when placed alongside other evidence, are being used to create models of change through time where previously none would have been thought possible. Taking its lead from this work, our research takes a mixed approach to the history of Scotland's regional fisheries in the 19th century, combining the anecdotal evidence of fishers to parliamentary commissions of enquiry with data relating to landings and fishing effort which were gathered by the United Kingdom Fishery Board from 1809 onwards. As a result, it has been possible to calculate catch per unit effort (cpue) for the period between 1845 and the mid-1880s which, when placed alongside the direct evidence of fishers, lead to some unexpected conclusions. In particular, we demonstrate that inshore stocks of commercial whitefish appear to have been in decline by the mid-1850s in some areas, many years before the widespread adoption of beam trawling in Scotland; and we conclude that the most likely reason for this decline is the rapid intensification of fishing from open boats using the traditional techniques of handlines and longlines.
Identifying unmet informational needs in the inpatient setting to increase patient and caregiver engagement in the context of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kaziunas Elizabeth , Hanauer David A , Ackerman Mark S , Choi Sung Won 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackground Patient-centered care has been shown to improve patient outcomes, satisfaction, and engagement. However, there is a paucity of research on patient-centered care in the inpatient setting, including an understanding of unmet informational needs that may be limiting patient engagement. Pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents an ideal patient population for elucidating unmet informational needs, due to the procedure’s complexity and its requirement for caregiver involvement.Methods We conducted field observations and semi-structured interviews of pediatric HSCT caregivers and patients to identify informational challenges in the inpatient hospital setting. Data were analyzed using a thematic grounded theory approach.Results Three stages of the caregiving experience that could potentially be supported by a health information technology system, with the goal of enhancing patient/caregiver engagement, were identified: (1) navigating the health system and learning to communicate effectively with the healthcare team, (2) managing daily challenges of caregiving, and (3) transitioning from inpatient care to long-term outpatient management.Discussion We provide four practical recommendations to meet the informational needs of pediatric HSCT patients and caregivers: (1) provide patients/caregivers with real-time access to electronic health record data, (2) provide information about the clinical trials in which the patient is enrolled, (3) provide information about the patient’s care team, and (4) properly prepare patients and caregivers for hospital discharge.Conclusion Pediatric HSCT caregivers and patients have multiple informational needs that could be met with a health information technology system that integrates data from several sources, including electronic health records. Meeting these needs could reduce patients’ and caregivers’ anxiety surrounding the care process; reduce information asymmetry between caregivers/patients and providers; empower patients/caregivers to participate in the care process; and, ultimately, increase patient/caregiver engagement in the care process.
Should Partial Hydrolysates Be Used as Starter Infant Formula? A Working Group Consensus
Authors: Vandenplas Yvan , Alarcon Pedro , Fleischer David , Hernell Olle , Kolacek Sanja , Laignelet Hugo , Lönnerdal Bo , Raman Rita , Rigo Jacques , Salvatore Silvia , Shamir Raanan , Staiano Annamaria , Szajewska Hania , Van Goudoever Hans J. , von Berg Andrea , Lee Way S. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTPartially hydrolyzed formulas (pHFs) are increasingly used worldwide, both in the prevention of atopic disease in at‐risk infants and in the therapeutic management of infants with functional gastrointestinal manifestations. Because prevention is always preferable to treatment, we reviewed the literature aiming to find an answer for the question whether pHF may be recommended for feeding all infants if breast‐feeding is not possible. PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched up to December 2014. In addition, to search for data that remained undetected by the searches, we approached authors of relevant articles and major producers of pHFs asking for unpublished data. Because few data were found, nonrandomized, controlled trials and trials in preterm infants were included as well. Overall, only limited data could be found on the efficacy and safety of pHF in healthy term infants. Available data do not indicate that pHFs are potentially harmful for healthy, term infants. With respect to long‐term outcomes, particularly referring to immune, metabolic and hormonal effects, data are, however, nonexistent. From a regulatory point of view, pHFs meet the nutrient requirements to be considered as standard formula for term healthy infants. Cost, which is different from country to country, should be considered in the decision‐making process. Based on limited available data, the use of pHF in healthy infants is safe with regard to growth. The lack of data, in particular for metabolic consequences and long‐term outcomes, is, however, the basis for our recommendation that health authorities should develop and support long‐term follow‐up studies. Efficacy and long‐term safety data are required before a recommendation of this type of formula for all infants can be made.
A Pilot Study of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy to Predict Barrier Dysfunction and Relapse in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Shavrov Anton , Kharitonova Anastasia Y. , Davis Elisabeth M. , Claggett Brian , Morozov Dmitriy A. , Brown Daniel K. , Shavrov Andrey A. , Liu Julia J. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:Probe‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) is a novel imaging modality that enables virtual optical biopsy in vivo. Loss of barrier function of the small bowel observed via pCLE as increased density of epithelial gaps (extrusion zones left in the intestinal lining after cells are shed) is predictive of relapse in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aims to determine whether such observations on pCLE are similarly predictive of disease relapse in pediatric patients with IBD.Methods:Pediatric patients with biopsy‐proven IBD underwent pCLE during colonoscopy and subsequent clinical follow‐up every 6 months. Relapse was defined as moderate to severe flare with endoscopic evidence of inflammation during the follow‐up period. The relations between epithelial gap density, disease relapse, and imaging parameters were determined using Cox models.Results:Twenty‐four patients with IBD (13 with Crohn disease, 11 with ulcerative colitis) with a median age of 14 years (range 10–21) were studied for a median of 13 (4–33) months. The median duration of disease was 2.9 years (range 0–9). Increased epithelial gap density in the terminal ileum on pCLE of normal endoscopic appearing terminal ileum mucosa (N = 19) was predictive of disease relapse when 3 or more areas were imaged (N = 6, log‐rank P = 0.02, C‐statistic = 0.94).Conclusions:In pediatric patients with IBD, barrier dysfunction observed on pCLE imaging of the small bowel was predictive of disease relapse.
A prospective randomized trial examining health care utilization in individuals using multiple smartphone-enabled biosensors
Authors: Bloss Cinnamon S. , Wineinger Nathan E. , Peters Melissa , Boeldt Debra L. , Ariniello Lauren , Kim Ju Young , Sheard Judy , Komatireddy Ravi , Barrett Paddy , Topol Eric J. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundMobile health and digital medicine technologies are becoming increasingly used by individuals with common, chronic diseases to monitor their health. Numerous devices, sensors, and apps are available to patients and consumers – some of which have been shown to lead to improved health management and health outcomes. However, no randomized controlled trials have been conducted which examine health care costs, and most have failed to provide study participants with a truly comprehensive monitoring system.MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial of adults who had submitted a 2012 health insurance claim associated with hypertension, diabetes, and/or cardiac arrhythmia. The intervention involved receipt of one or more mobile devices that corresponded to their condition(s) and an iPhone with linked tracking applications for a period of 6 months; the control group received a standard disease management program. Moreover, intervention study participants received access to an online health management system which provided participants detailed device tracking information over the course of the study. This was a monitoring system designed by leveraging collaborations with device manufacturers, a connected health leader, health care provider, and employee wellness program – making it both unique and inclusive. We hypothesized that health resource utilization with respect to health insurance claims may be influenced by the monitoring intervention. We also examined health-self management.Results & ConclusionsThere was little evidence of differences in health care costs or utilization as a result of the intervention. Furthermore, we found evidence that the control and intervention groups were equivalent with respect to most health care utilization outcomes. This result suggests there are not large short-term increases or decreases in health care costs or utilization associated with monitoring chronic health conditions using mobile health or digital medicine technologies. Among secondary outcomes there was some evidence of improvement in health self-management which was characterized by a decrease in the propensity to view health status as due to chance factors in the intervention group.Disclosure of FundingThis research is funded in part by a NIH/NCATS flagship Clinical and Translational Science Award Grant (1UL1 TR001114), Qualcomm Foundation Scripps Health Digital Medicine Research Grant, and Scripps Health’s Division of Innovation and Human Capital and Division of Scripps Genomic Medicine. Support for the study is also provided by HealthComp Third Party Administrator, Sanofi, AliveCor, and Accenture.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov IdentifierNCT01975428
Toward productivity improvement in electrical engineering documentation
Authors: Zhou J. , Love P. E.D. , Matthews J. , Carey B. , Sing C.P. , Edwards D.J. 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to determine the unproductive time and additional cost to re-engineer a safety control system for a Floating Production Storage Offloading vessel that was originally engineered and documented in computer-aided design (CAD).

Design/methodology/approach
– The “As-Built” drawings contained numerous errors and omissions, which resulted in a “requests for information” being raised and productivity rates reduced – these costs and productivity losses are quantified. The use of CAD to originally engineer and document the safety control system was found to be inefficient as a 1:n relationship existed. Systems Information Models (SIMs) presents an alternative method to produce engineering documentation for the safety control system; where a 1:1 relationship is created between the model and the real objects. By constructing a 1:1 model, information redundancy can be eliminated, which reduces the propensity for errors and omissions to be made by engineers.

Findings
– The use of a SIM to re-engineer and document the new safety control system resulted in significant productivity benefits being achieved. Consequently, it is proffered that a paradigm shift from a 1:n to 1:1 perspective is required for engineering electrical and instrumentation systems so as to ameliorate the quality of documentation produced and productivity.

Originality/value
– The paper concludes by suggesting that future research is required to examine how processes and procedures can be re-designed to accommodate the use of a SIM.
New scientometric indicator for the qualitative evaluation of scientific production
Authors: Ibrahim Nedra , Habacha Chaibi Anja , Ben Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to propose a new qualitative indicator for the evaluation of the productions of researchers in any discipline.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on the study of existing quantitative indicators, the authors’ approach consisted of the hybridization of two indicators. This hybridization is based on the individual H_index (Hi_index) and H_index contemporary (Hc_index) weighted by qualitative factors. The initial sources of the data are online bibliographic databases, such as Google Scholar and Publish or Perish.

Findings
– A new scientometric indicator was used to compare the scientific production quality of researchers and their classification (as part of a research community) as the classification of national and international research institutions. The authors have applied a new indicator to compare and classify the members of their laboratory, RIADI, according to their quality of scientific production.

Practical implications
– The indicator is an improvement of the H_index. It is a measure that can have an impact on society (influencing research attitudes, affecting quality of research). By this contribution, the authors measure more than one aspect by involving all the external factors that can affect the quality of research.

Originality/value
– This paper fulfils a gap in the literature concerning the absence of a qualitative indicator among the set of existing quantitative measures. Additionally, this paper addresses the limitations of the existing qualitative practices, such as peer review and citation analysis. In the new qualitative indicator, the authors involve all of these qualitative aspects: the influence of the age of the paper, the number of co-authors, the order of the co-authors, the impact factor of journals and the conference rankings.
Adoption of near field communication in S-Library application for information science
Authors: YUSOF MOHD KAMIR , Abel Andrew , Saman Md Yazid , Abdul Rahman Mohd Nordin 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to first review the implementation of automatic identification and data capture) technologies in library/information science, focusing on barcode technology, radio frequency identification (RFID) and near field communication (NFC). This paper then presents S-Library, a new android-based application, to enable users to perform a wide range of information science-related transactions, such as borrowing, searching, returning and viewing transaction records.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper presents the design process and the database and software components. For analysis, the authors used application testing, and also usability testing, with a questionnaire distributed to 343 users.

Findings
– The implementation of NFC technology means that S-Library has a number of technical advantages over other approaches. It was also shown with user acceptance testing that there was a high degree of user satisfaction with S-Library.

Research limitations/implications
– Although the findings combine technical assessment and usability testing and are extremely positive, further user evaluation could be performed. In addition, S-Library does not currently read existing RFID tags, which would improve the application further.

Practical implications
– The system proposed here shows that S-Library is a feasible approach taken to improve the library transaction experience and that it can replace and improve upon older technologies.

Originality/value
– This paper provides a first successful demonstration of a functioning and tested android and NFC-based library transaction system and shows that this approach generates a high degree of user reliability.