bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes With a Trifocal Intraocular Lens: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Cochener Béatrice , Vryghem Jérome , Rozot Pascal , Lesieur Gilles , Chevalier Jean-Paul , Henry Jean-Marie , David Thierry , Lesueur Laurence , Gatinel Damien , Ganem Cati , Blanckaert Johan , Van Acker Emmanuel , Heireman Steven , Ghekiere Sofie 
Published: November 2014

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the clinical results and safety obtained with a new type of multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) using a trifocal design to achieve pseudoaccommodation.

METHODS:
A pilot observational study of patients with a trifocal IOL (FineVision; PhysIOL, Liege, Belgium) implanted by 1 of 12 surgeons between March and December 2010. Visual outcomes that were assessed postoperatively included uncorrected and corrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity.

RESULTS:
One hundred ninety-eight eyes of 99 patients were analyzed. Patients were observed for an average of 6.44 ± 4.67 months (range: 0.2 to 17 months). Preoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 0.22 ± 0.26 logMAR. At the final follow-up visit, corrected distance visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.10 logMAR, uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.06 logMAR, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.08 ± 0.10 logMAR, and mean uncorrected near visual acuity was 0.00 ± 0.04 logMAR. Postoperative binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.07 logMAR, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.06 ± 0.08 logMAR, and uncorrected near visual acuity was −0.03 ± 0.04 logMAR. Postopeative mean residual sphere was 0.21 ± 0.48 diopters (D), with a residual cylinder of −0.24 ± 0.31 D. Postoperative spherical equivalent was 0.11 ± 0.36 D.

CONCLUSIONS:
The results demonstrated that the trifocal FineVision IOL is able to restore near, intermediate, and distance visual function.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2014;30(11):762–768.]
Comparative Evaluation of Higher-Order Aberrations and Corneal Asphericity Between Wavefront-guided and Aspheric LASIK for Myopia
Authors: Goyal Jawahar Lal , Garg Arushi , Arora Ritu , Jain Parul , Goel Yashpal 
Published: November 2014

PURPOSE:
To compare visual outcome, higher-order aberrations, and corneal asphericity (Q value) between wavefront-guided and aspheric LASIK for myopia and myopic astigmatism.

METHODS:
Forty patients were randomly selected to receive wavefront-guided LASIK (wavefront-guided group) or aspheric LASIK (aspheric group) (40 eyes of 20 patients in each group) using the Technolas 217z excimer laser platform (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY). Flaps were created using the Zyoptix XP microkeratome (Bausch & Lomb). Preoperative and postoperative evaluation included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corneal topography, wavefront aberrometry, and contrast sensitivity. Minimum follow-up period was 6 months.

RESULTS:

At 6 months postoperatively, the aspheric group had significantly better UDVA (logMAR 0.04 ± 0.04 [Snellen 20/16] [range: −0.079 to 0.000]) and lower mean residual spherical error (+0.10 ± 0.52 diopters [D] [range: −1.12 to 1.25 D]) than the wavefront-guided group (logMAR UDVA 0.00 ± 0.07 [range: −0.079 to 0.176]; MRSE −0.35 ± 0.47 D [range: −1.5 to 0.62 D]) (
P
= .003 and < .001, respectively). Mean change in higher-order aberration root mean square at 6 months postoperatively (6-mm pupil) was 0.16 ± 0.17
µ
m after aspheric LASIK and 0.27 ± 0.28
µ
m after wavefront-guided LASIK (
P
= .02). Aspheric LASIK induced minimal change in spherical aberrations postoperatively (0.03 ± 0.12
µ
m,
P
= .09), unlike wavefront-guided LASIK (0.23 ± 0.17
µ
m,
P
< .01). Change in Q value was significantly less in the aspheric group (0.53 ± 0.31) than the wavefront-guided group (0.91 ± 0.30) (
P
< .01). The aspheric group had significant improvement in contrast sensitivity at all spatial frequencies (
P
< .01), whereas the wavefront-guided group showed a slight decrease at higher spatial frequency (18 cycles per degree).

CONCLUSIONS:
Aspheric LASIK induced significantly less change in higher-order aberrations and maintained corneal asphericity better than wavefront-guided LASIK. The visual outcome and contrast sensitivity was better in the aspheric group at 6 months postoperatively.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2014;11(30):777–784.]
Neuromuscular Fatigue and Tibiofemoral Joint Biomechanics When Transitioning From Non–Weight Bearing to Weight Bearing
Authors: Schmitz Randy J. , Kim Hyunsoo , Shultz Sandra J. 
Published: November 2014

Context:
Fatigue is suggested to be a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Fatiguing exercise can affect neuromuscular control and laxity of the knee joint, which may render the knee less able to resist externally applied loads. Few authors have examined the effects of fatiguing exercise on knee biomechanics during the in vivo transition of the knee from non–weight bearing to weight bearing, the time when anterior cruciate ligament injury likely occurs.

Objective:
To investigate the effect of fatiguing exercise on tibiofemoral joint biomechanics during the transition from non–weight bearing to early weight bearing.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Ten participants (5 men and 5 women; age = 25.3 ± 4.0 years) with no previous history of knee-ligament injury to the dominant leg.

Intervention(s):
Participants were tested before (preexercise) and after (postexercise) a protocol consisting of repeated leg presses (15 repetitions from 10°–40° of knee flexion, 10 seconds' rest) against a 60% body-weight load until they were unable to complete a full bout of repetitions.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Electromagnetic sensors measured anterior tibial translation and knee-flexion excursion during the application of a 40% body-weight axial compressive load to the bottom of the foot, simulating weight acceptance. A force transducer recorded axial compressive force.

Results:
The axial compressive force (351.8 ± 44.3 N versus 374.0 ± 47.9 N; P = .018), knee-flexion excursion (8.0° ± 4.0° versus 10.2° ± 3.7°; P = .046), and anterior tibial translation (6.7 ± 1.7 mm versus 8.2 ± 1.9 mm; P &lt; .001) increased from preexercise to postexercise. No significant correlations were noted.

Conclusions:
Neuromuscular fatigue may impair initial knee-joint stabilization during weight acceptance, leading to greater accessory motion at the knee and the potential for greater anterior cruciate ligament loading.
Holocaust Legacy in Post-Soviet Lithuania
Authors: Woolfson Shivaun 
Published: November 2014

Once regarded as a vibrant centre of intellectual, cultural and spiritual Jewish life, Lithuania was home to 240,000 Jews prior to the Nazi invasion of 1941. By war's end, less than 20,000 remained. Today, approximately 4,000 Jews reside there, among them 108 survivors from the camps and ghettos and a further 70 from the Partisans and Red Army.
Against a backdrop of ongoing Holocaust dismissal and a recent surge in anti-Semitic sentiment, Holocaust Legacy in Post-Soviet Lithuania presents the history and experiences of a group of elderly Holocaust survivors in modern-day Vilnius. Using their stories and memories, their places of significance as well as biographical objects, Shivaun Woolfson considers the complexities surrounding Holocaust memory and legacy in a post-Soviet era Lithuania. The book also incorporates interdisciplinary elements of anthropology, psychology and ethnography, and is informed at its heart by a spiritual approach that marks it out from other more conventional historical treatments of the subject.
Holocaust Legacy in Post-Soviet Lithuania includes 20 images, comes with comprehensive online resources and weaves together story, artefact, monument and landscape to provide a multidimensional history of the Lithuanian Jewish experience during and after the Holocaust.
The Presence of Palestinian Absence in Narrating the Zionist Nation into Being
Authors: Pfingst Annie 
Published: November 2014

In 2005, the 38th year of the Israeli military occupation of the Palestinian West Bank, Gaza Strip and East Jerusalem and the year that saw the construction of an eight metre high concrete Wall of Separation through the Occupied West Bank, an exhibition, 'The New Hebrews: A Century of Israeli Art', was held at Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin. The exhibition can be read as the narration of the Zionist nation coming into being – a narration in which the Palestinian people do not figure, though the reconfiguration of the land does. Only in the room on Conflict are Palestinian refugees, the Occupation and the Wall represented by Israeli photographers and media artists, making a slight dent into a historiography and landscape devoid of Palestinian agency and presence. From a Jewish feminist engagement with the discourses on Palestinian Right of Return, the essay addresses a set of questions about the field of vision posed by Ariella Azoulay in Death’s Showcase: The Power of Image in Contemporary Democracy (2001) when she asks: Who sees? Who is capable of seeing, what, and from where? Who is authorised to look? How is this authorization given or acquired? In whose name does one look? What can be seen outside the narrative of redemption and the frame set by the Temple Scroll and the Jug of Tears? Are the photographs of the Intifada and the portraits from the refugee camps in effect inserting the presence of the spectral other, as described by Judith Butler? This essay will consider the ways in which we might read these Israeli photographic insertions in the circumstance where representation and representational space is such a contested feature of the conflict.
‘Calling our Spirits Home’: Indigenous Cultural Festivals and the Making of a Good Life
Authors: Slater Lisa 
Published: November 2014

In a discussion about the problems affecting young people of Cape York, a local community health worker told me: ‘their spirits have wandered too far. We need to call them back to them’. In the last five years mainstream notions of wellbeing have changed dramatically, but still there is little room for spirits and ancestors. It is now considered that the critical goods of health and wellbeing are leading a life with purpose, having quality connections with others, possessing self-regard and experiencing feelings of efficacy and control. For decades now Australia has demonstrated difficulty, if not failure, to construct appropriate responses to entrenched social problems within Indigenous communities. In this article I examine two Cape York festivals aimed at improving the wellbeing of Indigenous youth – Croc Fest and Laura Dance Festival. The former is driven by government agendas of enhancing education and health outcomes for Indigenous youth, while the latter’s purpose is to maintain and develop strong culture for the Cape and surrounding communities and respect the country’s spirits and ancestors.Why do mainstream and Indigenous responses to social problems continue to diverge so greatly, and what does each achieve and have to offer the other? In examining these festivals what can be seen is mainstream Australia’s failure to understand culture as a material expression of a vital life force, thus integral to wellbeing. I argue that a fundamental failure in mainstream responses to the ‘crisis’ in Indigenous Australia is to enable a life force derived from another sovereignty. In examining these festivals, mainstream and Indigenous, the disjuncture becomes clear. I propose that it is not only Indigenous youth whose spirits have wandered too far from them, but secular, neo-liberal Australia is lost in a world void of spirits, the ephemeral, and the power of country, forsaken for progress, individuality and the drive for statistical equality. How can we call our spirits home whilst respecting different sovereignties? What might Indigenous cultural festivals have to teach us about the making of a ‘good life’?
Death is Swallowed Up in Victory: Scenes of Death in Early Christian Art and the Emergence of Crucifixion Iconography
Authors: Harley McGowan Felicity 
Published: November 2014

Christianity, and the instrument of Jesus’ death, the cross, remains the pivotal, and universally recognised, symbol of the Christian Church. Yet pictorial representations of the death of Jesus are conspicuously rare in the earliest Christian art. Moreover, the earliest surviving images of Jesus’ Crucifixion do not depict him dead on the cross, but defiantly alive – a visual interpretation of the event that incorporates both the means of his execution and his subsequent victory over death in the Resurrection. This article examines the iconography of a small ivory plaque, carved in Rome in the early fifth century, whereon the Crucifixion is juxtaposed with the suicide of Jesus’ betrayer, Judas Iscariot (Matthew 27 3:5) to effect a powerful visual interpretation of Jesus’ death. As the earliest surviving visual narration of Jesus’ Crucifixion and Resurrection, the ivory will be shown to preserve critical information regarding the interpretation of Christ’s death in the early Christian church - incorporating symbols and visual motifs from pagan funerary sculpture, while illustrating the development of a specifically Christian visual language for the representation of Jesus’ death.
Transition or Translation?: Thinking Through Media and Cultural Studies Students’ Experiences after Graduation
Authors: Matthews Nicole 
Published: November 2014

This article uses Kevin Robins and Frank Webster’s notion of ‘instrumental progressivism’ as a way of understanding the tensions between discipline-based academic staff and educational policy makers and developers within universities. Robins and Webster argue that contemporary educational orthodoxies bring together two disparate philosophies: progressive understandings of education as student-centred and lifelong and the view that higher education should serve the economy. While these writers see instrumental progressivism as a symptom of an ailing university system, this article argues that cultural studies as an interdiscipline with historical ties to progressivism cannot entirely step aside from the logic of these reforms. The article interrogates Robins and Webster’s argument drawing on two small-scale qualitative research projects which traced the experiences of graduates from media and cultural studies programs, one in the UK and one in Australia. While there are formidable political problems with progressivism and real challenges in smoothing educational transitions, the article argues that cultural studies programs can help students translate the categories, research questions, and disciplinary concentrations of their field into the languages and taxonomies of the work place.
Around the Bend: The Curious Power of the Hills around Queenstown, Tasmania
Authors: Bullock Emily 
Published: November 2014

This article traces a concern with excess and waste, landscape and identity in a town on the western periphery of Tasmania. Queenstown’s bald hills have been a popular tourist drawcard since the turn of the century, sold in travel guides and brochures as a spectacular ‘moonscape’. A combination of a severe bushfire in 1896 and the emission of sulphurous gases from the pyritic smelting process at the Mt Lyell Copper Mine have resulted in Queenstown’s weird denuded landscape. But the locals have grown attached to the hills and want to preserve their baldness. Here, the impulse to preserve a grotesque landscape registers a culture surviving on desecration to stave off its own disappearance.
Buddhism, Poststructuralist Thought, Cultural Studies: A Profession of Faith
Authors: Ng Edwin 
Published: November 2014

This essay is a result of the author's research into Buddhism and poststructuralist theories on knowledge, self and ethics and attempts to articulate the ethico-political implications of his own practice of Vipassana (a form of Buddhist meditation) and interrogate what is called the politics of spirituality. He explores the role of faith within cultural studies by first contextualising the relevant discursive fields, then analysing Vipassana with a ‘religious’ Foucauldian approach oriented around the critico-political aims of Foucault's late work. This elucidates how Buddhist and poststructuralist thought share certain concerns, and identifies trajectories for further inquiry.
The Soundscapes of Henry Mayhew Urban Ethnography and Technologies of Transcription
Authors: Groth Helen 
Published: November 2014

Contemporary reviewers of London Labour and the London Poor were quick to label as inauthentic both the engraved re-mediations of John Beard’s daguerreotype portraits and Henry Mayhew’s transcription of the voices of London’s street habitués. Mayhew’s literal mediations of patter, slang and speech rhythms were the subject of particular scrutiny. As one critic acerbically observed: ‘The photographs no doubt are accurate enough, but those dialogues smell of the footlights.’ Such criticisms strike at the core of Mayhew’s commitment to the technologies of faithful mimesis and the mediation of an authentic experience of the everyday lives of London’s wandering tribes. Sound bites of characteristic speech serve as titles for many of the engraved reproductions of John Beard’s daguerreotypes reinforcing the analogy between visual and textual modes of transcription. Likewise Mayhew insists that his various re-enactments of the multi-sensorial experience of elbowing through London’s crowded marketplaces and streets are ‘unvarnished’ transparent mediations of its various sounds and voices. Central to Mayhew’s enterprise is the commitment to recording and capturing a dying way of life. Now silenced voices are captured and remediated to ‘shock’ and teach through the ‘heart’ to use Mayhew’s terminology. This paper will reconsider Mayhew’s investment in the power of sympathetic communication in the context of broader transformations in mid-nineteenth century conceptions of the media as a conduit for information rather than as a mechanism of persuasion.
Oggetti Spaesati, Unhomely Belongings: Objects, Migrations and Cultural Apocalypses
Authors: Vanni Ilaria 
Published: November 2014

This article analyses first person memories in relation to objects as documented in Belongings, an online exhibition curated through the NSW Migration Heritage Centre. It explores the role of objects in recreating domestic geographies in the process of migration, using the Italian anthropologist Ernesto De Martino’s notion of ‘crisis of presence’ as the moment when familiar objects become unfamiliar or uncanny by losing their relation with the web of domestic uses, habits, sense of belonging, and cultural memories. In this crisis, objects acquire new layers of meaning entangled in the loss and re-creation of entire life-worlds, relational universes, senses of place, ‘homes’. Taking Belongings as its case study, this article argues that objects enable the telling and performance of displacement from one place and regrounding in another one as a continuum of affective, embodied and political experiences that question the separation between being at home and being a migrant.
Putting a Face to a Name: Visualising Human Rights
Authors: Mackie Vera 
Published: November 2014

In this essay, I focus on a text which attempts to deal with human rights issues in an accessible media format, Kälin, Müller and Wyttenbach’s book, The Face of Human Rights. I am interested in this text as an attempt to translate between different modes of communicating about human rights, which we might call the academic mode, the bureaucratic mode, the activist mode and the popular media mode. There are significant gaps between the academic debates on human rights, the actual language and protocols of the bodies devoted to ensuring the achievement of basic human rights, the language of activists, and the ways in which these issues are discussed in the media. These issues are compounded in a transnational frame where people must find ways of communicating across differences of language and culture. These problems of communicating across difference are inherent to the contemporary machinery of the international human rights system, where global institutions of governance are implicated in the claims of individuals who are located in diverse national contexts. Several commentators have noted the importance of narrative in human rights advocacy, while others have explored the role of art. I am interested in analysing narrative and representational strategies, from a consciousness that texts work not only through vocabulary and propositional content, but also through discursive positioning. It is necessary to look at the structure of texts, the contents of texts, and the narrative strategies and discursive frameworks which inform them. Similar points can be made about photography, which must be analysed in terms of the specific representational possibilities of visual culture.
Fundamental Solution via Invariant Approach for a Brain Tumor Model and its Extensions
Authors: Johnpillai Andrew G. , Mahomed Fazal M. , Abbasbandy Saeid 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We firstly show how one can use the invariant criteria for a scalar linear (1+1) parabolic partial differential equations to perform reduction under equivalence transformations to the first Lie canonical form for a class of brain tumor models. Fundamental solution for the underlying class of models via these transformations is thereby found by making use of the well-known fundamental solution of the classical heat equation. The closed-form solution of the Cauchy initial value problem of the model equations is then obtained as well. We also demonstrate the utility of the invariant method for the extended form of the class of brain tumor models and find in a simple and elegant way the possible forms of the arbitrary functions appearing in the extended class of partial differential equations. We also derive the equivalence transformations which completely classify the underlying extended class of partial differential equations into the Lie canonical forms. Examples are provided as illustration of the results.
Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Stagnation-Point Flow of a Jeffery Fluid Past a Permeable Vertical Flat Plate
Authors: Rahman Mohammad M. , Ioan Pop 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This paper analyzes the combined effects of buoyancy force, mass flux, and variable surface temperature on the stagnation point flow and heat transfer due to a Jeffery fluid over a vertical surface. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and then solved numerically using the function bvp4c from computer algebra software Matlab. Numerical results are obtained for skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number as well as dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles for various values of the controlling parameters namely mixed convection parameter λ, mass flux parameter s, elastic parameter (Deborah number) γ, and the ratio of relaxation and retardation time parameter λ1. The results indicate that dual solutions exist in a certain range of the mixed convection and mass flux parameters. In order to establish the physically realizable of these solutions, a stability analysis has also been performed. The results indicate that mixed convection and mass flux significantly affects the nature of the solutions, skin friction, and Nusselt number of a Jeffery fluid.