bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid storm with acute liver failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation- lessons in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Vidanapathirana Manudi , Wijayaratne Dilushi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThyroid storm is a medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Acute liver failure (ALF) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are rarely reported with thyroid storm, and their occurrence is unrelated to the degree of free circulating thyroxine.We present the case of a 41-year-old Sri Lankan female, with a fatal case of thyroid storm. She initially presented with palpitations and heat intolerance, and subsequently developed acute liver failure with hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy. There was hypoglycemia and resistant lactic acidosis consequent to the liver failure. The clinical course progressed to DIC and she eventually succumbed to the illness. Treatment comprised the standard management of thyroid storm.This case report highlights the importance of bearing ALF and DIC in mind as complications of thyroid storm, outlines their pathophysiology, and uses pathophysiological mechanisms to justify, evolving extracorporeal therapeutic strategies for resistant cases.
New insights on entomopathogenic bacteria isolated from soil of citrus crops to combat the polyphagus aphid pest Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy 1762) (Hemiptera, Aphididae)
Authors: Hafsa Mohamed , Benfekih Leila Allal 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The employment of entomopathogenic microorganisms is a promising approach for ensuring optimal phytosanitary protection in the framework of biological management of insect crop pests. Among these microbes, entomopathogenic soil-borne bacteria are preferred over pesticides because they help successfully in the natural regulation of arthropod populations, as soil has a favorable ecology for the availability and richness of many beneficial bacterial species. In this study, it was focused on the isolation, identification and characterization of entomopathogenic bacteria isolated from cultivated citrus soils and on the evaluation of their insecticidal potential in the laboratory against the mealy plum aphid, Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy 1762) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a polyphagous and major pest attacking and virus-transmitting of several Prunus crops.

Results
Isolation results gave 11 bacterial isolates, which were more than 50% effective in selection tests on H. pruni aphids at 1 × 108 CFU/ml. A total of seven isolates generated significant insecticidal potential at different concentrations, and their molecular identification based on 16S rRNA genome sequencing yielded the following results: Lysinibacillus fusiformis (B4), Bacillus thuringiensis (B13), B. thuringiensis (B22), B. thuringiensis (B23), B. thuringiensis (B24), Pseudomonas sp. (P2) and Enterococcus gallinarum (P4). The most pathogenic potential of these strains was for E. gallinarum (P4), which induced 100% H. pruni mortality after 72 h of treatment at the concentration (C3 = 1 × 106 CFU/ml), followed by B. thuringiensis (B23), (B22), (B4), (P2), (B13) and (B24) isolates, which caused 96, 91, 85, 83, 65 and 50% mortality rates, respectively, at the lowest concentration (C4 = 1 × 105 CFU/ml). The LC50 and LT50 values were calculated for the entomopathogenic isolates of (P2), (P4), (B23) and (B24). A lowest LC50 value was 1.08 × 102 CFU/ml for (P4) E. gallinarum after 72 h of treatment, whereas (P2) Pseudomonas sp. presented the shortest LT50 of 33.6 h at concentration (C4 = 1 × 105 CFU/ml).

Conclusions
The present study's outcomes have confirmed the existence, abundance, and variety of entomopathogenic bacteria at the soil level in citrus groves. Interestingly, these bacteria could be useful for aphids’ population control on a wide scale through the utilization of their toxins and enzymes, even against insect pests of a broad order.
Intraventricular presentation of Rosai–Dorfman disease: a case report with review of literature
Authors: Ravi Saranya , Bajaj Diya , Yadav Nishtha , Ratre Shailendra , Pande Sonjjay 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD)/sinus lymphohistiocytosis is a rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder. Only 25% show extra-nodal manifestation, only 5% are seen involving the CNS, with intraventricular manifestation rarely reported. Our aim was to highlight important imaging features which would be useful in considering this entity as one of the differentials while encountering this rare entity.

Case description
We present a case of a 34-year-old female with complaints of headache, altered behavior and visual disturbances. MRI brain showed T2 hypointense lesion arising from the left choroid plexus with dense homogenous enhancement, with multiple additional extra-axial dural-based lesions and a small lesion involving right choroid plexus. Left parietal craniotomy was done, and the lesion was excised. Histopathology showed large foamy macrophages in eosinophilic background, with lymphophagocytosis (emperipolesis), confirming the diagnosis of Rosai–Dorfman disease.

Conclusions
Intraventricular Rosai–Dorfman disease is a rare entity. Imaging features of T2 hypointense homogenously enhancing lesion with blooming on GRE, without features of calcification or hemorrhage, may be helpful in prompting adequate histopathologic evaluation.
Model for predicting oil testing fluid rheological parameters of Bohai Bay oilfield in wide temperature and pressure range
Authors: Ji Peng , Pang Yuhang , Wang Min , Yin Bangtang , Wang Zhiyuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rheological parameters of oil testing fluids play a crucial role in safely conducting oil testing operations, protecting reservoirs, and maintaining wellbore integrity, which are greatly influenced by temperature and pressure. This article conducted rheological experiments on commonly used potassium salt polymer systems and organic salt systems for oil testing fluids in the Bohai Bay Oilfield under 4–200 °C and 30–150 MPa. The experiments revealed the variation of rheological parameters with temperature and pressure. Nine commonly used rheological models were evaluated for their applicability to the two types of oil testing fluids. It was found that the Ross model was suitable for the potassium salt polymer system, while the power-law model was suitable for organic salt oil testing fluids. A new rheological parameter prediction model suitable for wide range of temperature and pressure and different testing fluid systems was proposed based on the optimized results. The average error for the potassium salt polymer system for oil testing fluids was 0.101%, and the error for the organic salt system for oil testing fluids was 0.113%. Both were superior to known rheological models and can meet the requirements of oil testing operations within the wide temperature and pressure range in the Bohai Bay Oilfield.
Relation of Insulin Resistance to Brain Glucose Metabolism in Fasting and Hyperinsulinemic States: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Jensen Nicole J , Porse Ane J , Wodschow Helena Z , Speyer Helene , Krogh Jesper , Marner Lisbeth , Gejl Michael , Gjedde Albert , Rungby Jørgen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Abnormal brain glucose metabolism may cause cognitive disease in type 2 diabetes, yet the relation between insulin resistance and brain glucose metabolism has not been systematically described.

Objective
We evaluated the impact of metabolic condition (fasting vs insulin stimulation, eg, from hyperinsulinemic clamp) on the association between insulin resistance of different etiologies and brain glucose metabolism.

Data Sources
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception until February 2022.

Study Selection
Of 656 unique records, we deemed 31 eligible. Criteria were studies assessing brain glucose metabolism (uptake or metabolic rate) by 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography in individuals characterized by measures of or clinical proxies for insulin resistance (eg, type 2 diabetes and obesity).

Data Extraction
Two independent investigators extracted data and assessed study quality.

Data Synthesis
We applied random-effects models to pool Hedge's g standardized mean differences. Insulin resistance was associated with decreased brain glucose metabolism during fasting [−0.47 SD, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.73 to −0.22, P &lt; .001, I2 = 71%] and increased metabolism during insulin stimulation (1.44 SD, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.09, P = .002, I2 = 43%). Contrary to type 2 diabetes and other insulin resistance-related conditions, obesity was not associated with brain hypometabolism in fasting states (0.29 SD, 95% CI −.81 to 1.39).

Conclusion
Metabolic conditions modify associations between insulin resistance and brain glucose metabolism; ie, most individuals with insulin resistance display hypometabolism during fasting and hypermetabolism during insulin stimulation.
Gene Misexpression in a Smoc2+ve/Sox2-Low Population in Juvenile Prop1-Mutant Pituitary Gland
Authors: Masser Bailey E , Brinkmeier Michelle L , Lin Yuxuan , Liu Qin , Miyazaki Aya , Nayeem Jannatun , Cheung Leonard Y M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Mutations in the pituitary-specific transcription factor Prophet of Pit-1 (PROP1) are the most common genetic etiology of combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD). CPHD is associated with short stature, attributable to growth hormone deficiency and/or thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiency, as well as hypothyroidism and infertility. Pathogenic lesions impair pituitary development and differentiation of endocrine cells. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of pituitary cells from a wild-type and a Prop1-mutant P4 female mouse to elucidate population-specific differential gene expression. We observed a Smoc2+ve population that expressed low Sox2, which trajectory analyses suggest are a transitional cell state as stem cells differentiate into endocrine cells. We also detected ectopic expression of Sox21 in these cells in the Prop1df/df mutant. Prop1-mutant mice are known to overexpress Pou3f4, which we now show to be also enriched in this Smoc2+ve population. We sought to elucidate the role of Pou3f4 during pituitary development and to determine the contributions of Pou3f4 upregulation to pituitary disease by utilizing double-mutant mice lacking both Prop1 and Pou3f4. However, our data showed that Pou3f4 is not required for normal pituitary development and function. Double mutants further demonstrated that the upregulation of Pou3f4 was not causative for the overexpression of Sox21. These data indicate loss of Pou3f4 is not a potential cause of CPHD, and further studies may investigate the functional consequence of upregulation of Pou3f4 and Sox21, if any, in the novel Smoc2+ve cell population.
Impact of Age on the Occurrence of Processed Electroencephalographic Burst Suppression
Authors: Schwerin Stefan , Schneider Gerhard , Kreuzer Matthias , Kratzer Stephan 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Patient age is assumed to be an important risk factor for the occurrence of burst suppression, yet this has still to be confirmed by large datasets.

METHODS:
In this single-center retrospective analysis at a university hospital, the electronic patient records of 38,628 patients (≥18 years) receiving general anesthesia between January 2016 and December 2018 were analyzed. Risk factors for burst suppression were evaluated using univariate and multivariable analysis. We measured the incidence of burst suppression as indicated by the burst suppression ratio (BSR) of the Entropy Module, the maximum and mean BSR values, relative burst suppression duration, mean volatile anesthetic concentrations, and mean age-adjusted minimum alveolar concentrations (aaMAC) at burst suppression, and cases of potentially misclassified burst suppression episodes. Analyses were done separately for the total anesthesia period, as well as for the Induction and Maintenance phase. The association with age was evaluated using linear and polynomial fits and by calculating correlation coefficients.

RESULTS:
Of the 54,266 patients analyzed, 38,628 were included, and 19,079 patients exhibited episodes with BSR >0. Patients with BSR >0 were significantly older, and age had the highest predictive power for BSR >0 (area under the receiving operating characteristic [AUROC] = 0.646 [0.638–0.654]) compared to other patient or procedural factors. The probability of BSR >0 increased linearly with patient age (ρ = 0.96–0.99) between 1.9% and 9.8% per year. While maximal and mean BSR showed a nonlinear relationship with age, relative burst suppression duration also increased linearly during maintenance (ρ = 0.83). Further, episodes potentially indicating burst suppression that were not detected by the Entropy BSR algorithm also became more frequent with age. Volatile anesthetic concentrations sufficient to induce BSR >0 were negatively correlated with age (sevoflurane: ρ = −0.71), but remained close to an aaMAC of 1.0.

CONCLUSIONS:
The probability of burst suppression during general anesthesia increases linearly with age in adult patients, while lower anesthetic concentrations induce burst suppression with increasing patient age. Simultaneously, algorithm-based burst suppression detection appears to perform worse in older patients. These findings highlight the necessity to further enhance EEG application and surveillance strategies in anesthesia.
Emergency Anesthesiology Encounters, Care Practices, and Outcomes for Patients with Firearm Injuries: A 9-Year Single-Center US Level 1 Trauma Experience
Authors: Walters Andrew M. , Aichholz Pudkrong , Muldowney Maeve , Van Cleve Wil , Hess John R. , Stansbury Lynn G. , Vavilala Monica S. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Firearm injuries cause significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with firearm injuries require urgent/emergency operative procedures but the literature incompletely describes how anesthesia care and outcomes differ between high acuity trauma patients with and without firearm injuries. Our objective was to examine anesthesia care, resource utilization, and outcomes of patients with acute firearm injuries compared to nonfirearm injuries.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients ≥18 years admitted to a regional Level 1 trauma center between 2014 and 2022 who required operative management within the first 2 hours of hospital arrival. We examined clinical characteristics, anesthesiology care practices, and intra- and postoperative outcomes of patients with firearm injuries compared to patients with nonfirearm injuries.

RESULTS:
Over the 9-year study period, firearm injuries accounted for the largest yearly average increase in trauma admissions (firearm 10.1%, blunt 3.2%, other 1.3%, motor-vehicle crash 0.9%). Emergency anesthesiology care within 2 hours of arrival was delivered to 4.7% of injured patients (2124; 541 firearm [25.4%] and 1583 [74.5%] nonfirearm). Patients with firearm injuries were younger (30 [23–40] years vs 41 [29–56] years; P < .0001), male (90% vs 75%; P < .0001), direct admissions from scene (78% vs 62%; P < .0001), had less polytrauma (10% vs 22%; P < .0001), arrived after hours (73% vs 63%; P < .0001), and received earlier anesthesiology care (0.4 [0.3–0.7] vs 0.9 [0.5–1.5] hours after arrival; P < .0001). Patients with firearm injuries more often received invasive arterial (83% vs 77%; P < .0001) and central venous (14% vs 10%; P = .02) cannulation, blood products (3 [0–11] vs 0 [0–7] units; P < .0001), tranexamic acid (30% vs 22%; P < .001), as well as had higher estimated blood loss (500 [200–1588] mL vs 300 [100–1000] mL; P < .0001), and were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) more frequently (83% vs 77%; P < .001) than patients with nonfirearm injuries. Intraoperative mortality was comparable (6% firearm vs 4% nonfirearm) but postoperative mortality was lower for patients with firearm injuries who survived the intraoperative course (6% vs 14%; P < .0001). Comparatively, more patients with firearm injuries were discharged to home, or to jail (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Over the study period, anesthesiologists increasingly cared for patients with firearm injuries, who often present outside of daytime hours and require urgent operative intervention. Operating room readiness and high-intensity resuscitation capacity, such as access to hemostatic control measures, are critical to achieving intraoperative survival and favorable postoperative outcomes, particularly for patients with firearm injuries.
Datenbasierter Regler- und Beobachterentwurf mit neuronalen kanonischen Strukturen
Authors: Ecker Lukas , Schöberl Markus 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem datenbasierten Regler- und Beobachterentwurf nichtlinearer Systeme auf der Basis neuronaler kanonischer Strukturen. Mit Hilfe von aufgezeichneten Systemtrajektorien und Methoden des maschinellen Lernens wird versucht, eine Systemdarstellung in speziellen kanonischen Normalformen zu erlernen. Die hierfür in dieser Arbeit betrachteten zeitdiskreten Brunovksy Normalformen erlauben es, mit Methoden der linearen Regelungstheorie klassische Zustandsregler und -beobachter zu entwerfen. Die Entwurfssystematik entspricht dabei einer exakten Linearisierung mit statischer Zustandsrückführung bzw. einem linearisierenden Beobachterentwurf mit Eingangs-/Ausgangsinjektion. Im Gegensatz zum klassischen modellbasierten Ansatz werden die notwendigen Transformationen jedoch nicht analytisch aus dem mathematischen Modell des Systems abgeleitet, sondern aus aufgezeichneten Datensätzen mittels neuronaler Netze in kanonischen Autoencoder-Strukturen approximiert.
Implicit discrete-time implementation of robust exact differentiators – a toolbox
Authors: Seeber Richard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article presents the numerical implementation of the recently proposed implicit robust exact differentiator (IRED), which constitutes a proper implicit discretization of Levant’s continuous-time robust exact differentiator (RED). A novel parameter setting is proposed that allows for an implementation without numerical approximations, which are otherwise required for resolving the implicit relations. Algorithms for the proposed and for general parameter settings are given, and a Simulink toolbox, available at the URL https://github.com/seeberr/ired_toolbox, is presented that implements the algorithms with an easy-to-use interface.
Asymptotic approximations of Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials of order α in terms of hyperbolic functions
Authors: Corcino Cristina B. , Castañeda Wilson D. , Corcino Roberto B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study of special functions has become an enthralling area in mathematics because of its properties and wide range of applications that are relevant into other fields of knowledge. Developing topics in special functions involves the investigation of Apostol-type polynomials encompassing the combinations, extensions, and generalizations of some classical polynomials such as Bernoulli, Euler, Genocchi, and tangent polynomials. One particular type of these polynomials is the Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials of order

a

a

denoted by

H

n

α

(

z
;

u
;

λ

)

{H}_{n}^{\alpha }\left(z;\hspace{0.33em}u;\hspace{0.33em}\lambda )

. Using the saddle point method, Corcino et al. obtained approximations for the higher-order tangent polynomials. They also established a new method to derive its approximations with enlarged region of validity. In this article, it is found that these methods are applicable to the higher-order Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials. Consequently, approximations of higher-order Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials in terms of the hyperbolic functions are obtained for large values of the parameter

n

n

, and its uniform approximations with enlarged region of validity are also derived. Moreover, approximations of the generalized Apostol-type Frobenius-Euler polynomials of order

α

\alpha

with parameters

a
,
b
,

a,b,

and

c

c

are obtained by applying the same methods. Graphs are provided to show the accuracy of the exact values of these polynomials and their corresponding approximations for some specific values of the parameters.
Research on the Problems and Institutional Optimization Strategies of Rural Collective Economic Organization Governance
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Zhao Cuiping , Jie Jinrong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study explores the functioning of Rural Collective Economic Organizations (RCEOs) and looks at how they are governed and optimized in rural areas. RCEOs play a significant role in ensuring income stability, poverty reduction, and rural development because rural communities establish them to address economic challenges. In order to identify strategies that can lead to an efficient, sustainable, and impactful role of RCEOs within the rural context, stakeholders with involvement in RCEOs provided perceptions, experiences, and interpretations. Using qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews and focus groups, this work collected the views and recommendations of professionals and practitioners who are knowledgeable about RCEOs. Those discussions identified the main themes and tactics to improve RCEOs. For instance, among such strategies are governance reform to make the institution strong, openness and proper communication, establishment of capacity-building programs, adaptations in its operational framework especially revenue sources diversification; lobbying for enabling legislation to stimulate such initiatives, fostering partnerships, engaging the communities with actions instead of just words through cases that have been successful stories with long-term planning put into action. The article underscores how the collective asset ownership by RCEOs is instrumental in promoting the rural economy.