bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Large Single Crystals and Thermoelectrical Properties of the Type‐I Clathrate K8Zn4Sn42
Authors: Baran Volodymyr , Fischer Andreas , Scherer Wolfgang , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn order to investigate the thermoelectric transport properties of tin‐based clathrates, highly dense samples are required. Since tin clathrates decompose at temperatures above 550 °C, compacting of samples by hot pressing without the formation of side products is not possible. Large single crystals of the composition K8Zn4Sn42 suitable for physical property measurements can be obtained using the tin liquid metal flux technique. A single crystal structure determination of K8Zn4Sn42 (Pm$\bar{3}$n, a = 12.07164(2) Å) shows Zn/Sn mixed occupancy at the 6c position. According to physical property measurements, K8Zn4Sn42 is a promising semimetallic thermoelectric material.
The Current State of Genetic Counseling Before and After Amniocentesis for Fetal Karyotyping in Japan: A Survey of Obstetric Hospital Clients of a Prenatal Testing Laboratory
Authors: Nishiyama Miyuki , Sawai Hideaki , Kosugi Shinji 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPregnant women undergoing prenatal genetic testing should receive genetic counseling so they can make informed decisions. We examined the current state of providing genetic counseling in Japan to pregnant women before they elected amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis of chromosome abnormalities and after test results were completed, and explored the opportunity for expanding access to certified genetic counselors (CGC) at clinical practices offering amniocentesis. An anonymous survey was mailed to the 298 hospitals that referred amniotic fluid specimens to LabCorp Japan in 2009. Most genetic counseling was provided by the obstetrician alone; 73.8 % (76/103) of pre‐amniocentesis, 82.5 % (85/103) if normal results, and 49.4 % (44/89) if abnormal results. Respondents spent limited time in genetic counseling; 57.3 % spent <10 min for pre‐amniocentesis, 88.3 % spent <10 min for normal results, and 54.0 % spent <20 min for abnormal results. While 45.8 % indicated that CGC do not have an essential role in clinical practice, responses that supported employment of CGC were more likely to come from hospitals that submitted more than ten specimens annually (p < 0.0001), university hospitals (p < 0.0001), and MD geneticists (p = 0.020). Currently, there is limited genetic counseling available in Japan. This indicates there are opportunities for the employment of CGC to improve the quality of genetic counseling.
Crystallization Behavior of High‐Oleic High‐Stearic Sunflower Oil Stearins Under Dynamic and Static Conditions
Authors: Martini S. , Cardona J. A. Rincón , Ye Y. , Tan C. Y. , Candal R. J. , Herrera M. L. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSoft (SS) and hard (HS) stearins obtained from high‐oleic high‐stearic sunflower oil were isothermally crystallized under dynamic (with agitation) and static conditions at 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 °C and 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28 °C, respectively. Both fractions crystallized under the α‐form at early stages of crystallization for all temperatures (Tc) tested. Polymorphic behavior strongly changed with Tc and shear conditions for both fractions. SS fractions were characterized by α, β2 and/or β1 polymorphs at lower Tc and β1 crystals at higher Tc when crystallized under dynamic conditions, while this same fat system was characterized by β2′ crystals at lower Tc and β2 at higher Tc under static conditions. HS samples were mainly characterized by α and β2 crystals at lower Tc and α and β1 crystals at higher Tc when crystallized under dynamic conditions; while the same fat was characterized by β1′ crystals when crystallized at lower Tc and α when crystallized at higher Tc under static conditions after 90 min at Tc. These different polymorphic behaviors, in combination with the different processing and tempering temperatures are translated in specific textural behavior of the samples.
Management of incus long process defects: incus interposition versus incudostapedial rebridging with bone cement
Authors: Celenk F , Baglam T , Baysal E , Durucu C , Karatas Z A , Mumbuc S , Kanlikama M 
Published: August 2013

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to compare the hearing results of incus interposition and bone cement ossiculoplasty in patients with incus long process defects.Materials and methods:Ninety-nine patients with incus long process defects were included. Incus interposition was performed in 49 patients (group 1) and bone cement ossiculoplasty was performed in 50 patients (group 2). Group 1 included 29 female and 20 male patients, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 29.43 ± 12.5 years (range, 8–58 years). Group 2 comprised 32 female and 18 male patients, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 29.1 ± 14.89 years (range, 8–67 years).Results:The mean hearing gain ± standard deviation was 15.2 ± 9.01 dB in group 1 and 19.36 ± 9.08 dB in group 2. Hearing gain was significantly greater in the bone cement group than in the incus interposition group (p = 0.0186). Successful hearing results (i.e. air–bone gap < 20 dB) were achieved by 63.2 per cent of group 1 patients and 78 per cent of group 2 patients.Conclusion:Incus interposition and bone cement ossiculoplasty are safe and reliable methods with which to manage incus long process defects. Bone cement ossiculoplasty gives a greater hearing gain in appropriate cases.
Two new species of Malmidea from north-eastern Brazil
Authors: CÁCERES Marcela Eugenia da Silva , dos SANTOS Viviane Monique , de GÓES Drielle Tavares , MOTA Danyelle Andrade , APTROOT André 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTwo new species, Malmidea pallidoatlantica and Malmidea sulphureosorediata, are described from NE Brazil. The first is close to M. atlantica but differs by the hyaline or pale hypothecium. The second species is a bright golden yellow sorediate crust which is assigned to the genus Malmidea because it contains the same anthraquinone pigment as M. atlantica and M. pallidoatlantica. The three species together could be referred to as the Malmidea atlantica group. Both new species were found in Mata Atlântica fragments. Malmidea sulphureosorediata was found in the Serra da Jibóia, a mountain range with a maximum elevation of 800 m, in a transitional area between the Atlantic forest and Caatinga vegetation in Bahia State. Malmidea pallidoatlantica was found in Mata do Crasto, one of the most important Atlantic forest remnants in Sergipe. It is a well-preserved Mata Atlântica relict of c. 700 hectares, at sea level.
New species and new records in the familyGraphidaceae(Ascomycota:Ostropales) from Vietnam
Authors: JOSHI Santosh , JAYALAL Udeni , OH Soon-Ok , KOH Young Jin , NGUYEN Thi Thuy , DZUNG Nguyen Anh , HUR Jae-Seoun 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAcanthothecis salazinicaandDiorygma archeriare described from Vietnam. The former is characterized by having a leprose thallus, creamish to whitish, entire, epruinose labia, a slit-like disc, a hyaline to brown, entire proper exciple, warty periphysoids, 8-spored asci, and 28–30-loculate, hyaline, I− ascospores, 70–120×7–14 µm in size. The latter has a greenish grey thallus, a poorly developed, hyaline to pale or brownish proper exciple, 1-spored asci, hyaline, muriform ascospores, and produces protocetraric acid.Acanthothecis corcovadensis,Diorygma erythrellum,D. junghuhnii,D. macgregorii,Platygramme platyloma,Pliariona montagneiandThecaria quassiicolaare recorded for the first time from the country.
Ameroconium cladoniaegen. et sp. nov. andPhoma psoromatissp. nov., new anamorphic lichenicolous fungi from the Holarctic
Authors: ZHURBENKO Mikhail P. , BRAUN Uwe 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe new lichenicolous genusAmeroconium(dematiaceous hyphomycetes), with its type speciesA. cladoniaeand the new lichenicolous speciesPhoma psoromatis(pycnidial coelomycetes), are described, discussed and illustrated.Phoma lobariaeis recorded for the first time from the Arctic, Russia and Asia onLobaria linita.
Capronia paranectrioides (Herpotrichiellaceae, Ascomycota), a new lichenicolous fungus from Bolivia
Authors: ETAYO Javier , FLAKUS Adam , KUKWA Martin 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe new lichenicolous Capronia paranectrioides Etayo, Flakus & Kukwa, inhabiting thalli of Erioderma leylandii, is described from Bolivia. The species is characterized by pale brown, submuriform and bicaudate ascospores, subglobose to barrel-shaped perithecia and I+ red, K/I+ pale blue hymenial gelatine. It is the first known Capronia species producing ascospores with long apical appendages.
Activity concentrations of radionuclides in lichens following the Fukushima nuclear accident
Authors: OHMURA Yoshihito , HOSAKA Kentaro , KASUYA Taiga , ABE Junichi P. , KAKISHIMA Makoto 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe activity concentration of 131I, 134Cs and 137Cs radionuclides in lichens was traced one and a half months after the Fukushima nuclear accident. The samples were collected in Tsukuba City, which is located c. 170 km south of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (NPP). The activity concentrations differed depending on species and habitat. For example, the maximum activity concentration of 137Cs was 22596 Bq kg–1 dry weight in Physcia orientalis (collected from the trunk of Zelkova serrata on 30 June 2011), and 1928 Bq kg–1 in Hyperphyscia crocata (from the trunk of Quercus myrsinaefolia collected on 8 March 2012). The activity concentration of 137Cs in Dirinaria applanata and Phaeophyscia spinellosa growing on vertical habitats decreased by c. 50% within a year, indicating radionuclides might have been washed off by rain. The radionuclides were apparently derived from the Fukushima NPP accident because: 1) one specimen collected at the same place one year before the accident did not contain radionuclides, 2) high activity concentrations of radionuclides were detected after the accident, 3) 131I, which has a short half-life of 8 days, was detected one and a half months after the accident, and 4) the ratio of 134Cs/137Cs in lichens was 0·90–0·98 on 26 April 2011, which is consistent with the values reported for radiocesium from the Fukushima NPP accident.
Pain in chronic fatigue syndrome: response to rehabilitative treatments in the PACE trial
Authors: Bourke J. H. , Johnson A. L. , Sharpe M. , Chalder T. , White P. D. 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundPain is a common symptom of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). We investigated the effects of the treatments used in the PACE trial [cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), graded exercise therapy (GET), adaptive pacing therapy (APT) and specialist medical care (SMC)] on pain in CFS.MethodWe compared pain outcomes including individual painful symptoms, taken from the CDC criteria for CFS and co-morbid fibromyalgia. We modelled outcomes adjusting for baseline variables with multiple linear regression.ResultsSignificantly less frequent muscle pain was reported by patients following treatment with CBT compared to SMC (mean difference = 0.38 unit change in frequency, p = 0.02), GET versus SMC (0.42, p = 0.01) and GET versus APT (0.37, p = 0.01). Significantly less joint pain was reported following CBT versus APT (0.35, p = 0.02) and GET versus APT (0.36, p = 0.02). Co-morbid fibromyalgia was less frequent following GET versus SMC (0.03, p = 0.03). The effect sizes of these differences varied between 0.25 and 0.31 for muscle pain and 0.24 and 0.26 for joint pain. Treatment effects on pain were independent of ‘change in fatigue’.ConclusionsCBT and GET were more effective in reducing the frequency of both muscle and joint pain than APT and SMC. When compared to SMC, GET also reduced the frequency of co-morbid fibromyalgia; the size of this effect on pain was small.
Bagging and boosting variants for handling classifications problems: a survey
Authors: Kotsiantis Sotiris B. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBagging and boosting are two of the most well-known ensemble learning methods due to their theoretical performance guarantees and strong experimental results. Since bagging and boosting are an effective and open framework, several researchers have proposed their variants, some of which have turned out to have lower classification error than the original versions. This paper tried to summarize these variants and categorize them into groups. We hope that the references cited cover the major theoretical issues, and provide access to the main branches of the literature dealing with such methods, guiding the researcher in interesting research directions.
Airborne ultrasonic image generation with biomimetic sonar head
Authors: Aiordachioaie Dorel , Frangu Laurentiu , Epure Silviu 
Published: August 2013

This work presents the results of airborne ultrasonic image generation based on biomimetic sonar heads. Ultrasonic images refer to the representation of the environment with the help of ultrasonic waves and based on sonar principle. The generation of ultrasonic images is based on the classical methodology of the sonar, having target detection and classification purposes as main applications. An element of the image (which could be assimilated as pixel) has the intensity proportional to signals reflected by the surface of objects in the explored environment. Sonar heads with biomimetic functional behaviour (i.e. having one emitter and two receivers) were built. The key motivation in deploying such sonar heads is efficiency, that is, simplicity combined with acceptable performances based on ultrasonic image processing. Simplicity is related to modularity and portable structure, in the sense of computer's portability. Biomimetism has a double meaning, by the structure of the sonar head and by the nature of the exploring algorithms (which use observations on bat behaviour). This work considers airborne ultrasonic images at distances less than one metre and with fixed working frequency (40 kHz). The preliminary results show the feasibility of the approach and consolidate a research direction focused on navigation based on airborne ultrasonic image processing.
Impact of Antibiotic Use during Hospitalization on the Development of Gastrointestinal Colonization with Escherichia coli with Reduced Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility
Authors: Han Jennifer H. , Bilker Warren B. , Nachamkin Irving , Tolomeo Pam , Mao Xiangqun , Fishman Neil O. , Lautenbach Ebbing 
Published: August 2013

Objective.Infections due to fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (FQREC) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Fluoroquinolone resistance likely arises at the level of gastrointestinal colonization. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for the development of FQREC gastrointestinal tract colonization in hospitalized patients, including the impact of antibiotics prescribed during hospitalization.Design.A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2002 to 2004 within a university health system.Methods.Hospitalized patients initially colonized with fluoroquinolone-susceptible E. coli were followed up with serial fecal sampling for new FQREC colonization or until hospital discharge or death. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was developed to identify risk factors for new FQREC colonization, with antibiotic exposure modeled as time-varying covariates.Results.Of 395 subjects, 73 (18.5%) became newly colonized with FQREC. Length of stay before sampling (hazard ratio [HR], 1.02 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1–1.03]; P = .003) and malignancy (HR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.21–0.67]; P = .001) were significantly associated with the development of FQREC colonization. In addition, receipt of a first-generation cephalosporin (HR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.10–1.29]; P<.001) or cefepime (HR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.00–1.10]; P = .048) during hospitalization increased the risk of new FQREC colonization.Conclusions.The acquisition of FQREC in the hospital setting is complex, and antimicrobial stewardship programs should take into account patterns of antibiotic use in implementing strategies to reduce the development of new FQREC colonization. Future studies are needed to identify risk factors for infection in hospitalized patients newly colonized with FQREC.
Bed Occupancy Rates and Hospital-Acquired Clostridium difficile Infection: A Cohort Study
Authors: Ahyow Lauren C. , Lambert Paul C. , Jenkins David R. , Neal Keith R. , Tobin Martin 
Published: August 2013

Background.An emergent strain (ribotype 027) of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been implicated in epidemics worldwide. Organizational factors such as bed occupancy have been associated with an increased incidence of CDI; however, the data are sparse, and the association has not been widely demonstrated. We investigated the association of bed occupancy and CDI within a large hospital organization in the United Kingdom.Objective.To establish whether bed occupancy rates are a significant risk factor for CDI in the general ward setting.Methods.A retrospective cohort study was carried out on data from 2006 to 2008. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression modeling was used to examine the strength and significance of the associations. Variables included patient characteristics, antibiotic policy exposure, case mix, and bed occupancy rates.Results.A total of 1,589 cases of hospital-acquired CDI were diagnosed (1.7% of admissions), with an overall infection rate of 2.16 per 1,000 patient-days. Median bed occupancy was 93.3% (interquartile range, 83.3%–100%) Univariate and multivariate analyses showed positive and statistically significant associations. In the adjusted model, patients on wards with occupancy rates of 80%–89.9% had rates of CDI that were 56% higher (hazard ratio, 1.56 [95% confidence interval, 1.18–2.04]; P<.001) compared with baseline (0%–69.9% occupancy). CDI rates were 55% higher for patients on wards with maximal bed occupancy (100%).Conclusions.There is strong evidence of an association between high bed occupancy and CDI. Without effective interventions at high levels of bed occupancy, the economic benefits sought from reducing bed numbers may be negated by the increased risk of CDI.
Periodic occurrence of complete intersection monomial curves
Authors: Jayanthan A. , Srinivasan Hema 
Published: August 2013

We study the complete intersection property of monomial curves in the family

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. We prove that if

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Bayesian Network Webserver: a comprehensive tool for biological network modeling
Authors: Ziebarth Jesse D. , Bhattacharya Anindya , Cui Yan 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Summary: The Bayesian Network Webserver (BNW) is a platform for comprehensive network modeling of systems genetics and other biological datasets. It allows users to quickly and seamlessly upload a dataset, learn the structure of the network model that best explains the data and use the model to understand relationships between network variables. Many datasets, including those used to create genetic network models, contain both discrete (e.g. genotype) and continuous (e.g. gene expression traits) variables, and BNW allows for modeling hybrid datasets. Users of BNW can incorporate prior knowledge during structure learning through an easy-to-use structural constraint interface. After structure learning, users are immediately presented with an interactive network model, which can be used to make testable hypotheses about network relationships.
Availability and implementation: BNW, including a downloadable structure learning package, is available at http://compbio.uthsc.edu/BNW. (The BNW interface for adding structural constraints uses HTML5 features that are not supported by current version of Internet Explorer. We suggest using other browsers (e.g. Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox) when accessing BNW).
Contact: ycui2@uthsc.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Artefacts of excavation
Authors: Stevenson Alice 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This paper explores the collection of artefacts from British excavations in Egypt and their dispersal to institutions across the world between 1880 and 1915. The scope, scale and complexity of these distributions is reviewed with a view to highlighting the complex, symbiotic relationship between British organizations that mounted such excavations on the one hand and museums on the other, and also to providing a basis from which to argue that both field and museum collecting practices were enmeshed within the same processes of ‘artefaction’. These shared processes together created a new form of museum object, here referred to as the ‘excavated artefact’. It is further suggested that the collection of artefacts for museums was one of the primary motivating factors in the establishment of a scientific archaeology in Egypt. Case-studies of the activities of the Egypt Exploration Fund and Flinders Petrie’s work are presented in order to throw these arguments into relief. An online Appendix tabulates the original distribution of objects from eef excavations to other institutions.
Aging of the labor force and technical efficiency in crop production
Authors: Li Min , Sicular Terry 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the extent of aging in the agricultural labor force and its effect on farm production in a province of China.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis uses panel data for the years 2004 through 2008 from a representative sample of farm households in Liaoning province. Descriptive statistics reveal the age structure of the agricultural labor force and correlations between labor force age and production characteristics. A translog stochastic frontier production function and technical inefficiency model is employed to analyze the effect of aging of the labor force on the technical efficiency of crop production.FindingsThe paper finds an accelerating trend towards aging of the agricultural labor force in the data. Results from the stochastic frontier production function and efficiency analysis reveal that household‐level technical efficiency increases until maximum efficiency is reached when the average age of the household labor force is 45, after which efficiency declines.Practical implicationsAging of China's rural labor force may affect efficiency and productivity in crop production. Agricultural policies may need to pay more attention to the aging of the agricultural labor force. Some measures should be taken to address the pattern of migration, and policies to improve the social and economic environment in rural areas for younger workers should be developed. Also, extension programs could help older farmers to maintain efficient farming methods.Originality/valueThis is one of very few analyses of the effects of aging on production efficiency for a developing country, as well as for China. The analysis uses a unique panel dataset that covers 24 counties, 1,890 rural households, and more than 6,000 individuals, with each household tracked for five years. Most of the literature estimating technical efficiency carries out the analysis at the individual level; in China and other developing countries, farming is carried out at the household level. We have adapted the methodology to apply to situations where the unit of analysis is the household.