bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of particle size and electrical resistivity of filler on mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of linear low density polyethylene–zinc oxide composites
Authors: Özmıhçı Filiz Ömürlü , Balköse Devrim 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe effects of particle size and electrical resistivity of zinc oxide (ZnO) on mechanical properties, electrical and thermal conductivities of composites made with linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) were investigated. Micron sized (mZnO), submicron sized (sZnO), and nano sized (nZnO) powders having resistivities of 1.5 × 106, 1.5 × 109, and 1.7 × 108 were used to prepare composites with 5–20 vol % filler. The tensile strength was lowered and the modulus of elasticity of the composites was increased with ZnO addition. Rather than the particle size of the ZnO, its initial resistivity and aspect ratio affected the resistivity of composites. The resistivity of the LLDPE was lowered from 2.3 × 1016 Ω cm down to 1.4 × 1010 Ω cm with mZnO addition. Thermal conductivity of the composites was increased with ZnO addition 2.5–3 times of the polymer matrix. The composites can be used for electrostatically dissipating and heat sink applications due to their decreased electrical resistivity and increased thermal conductivity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2734–2743, 2013
The thermal properties of a carbon nanotube‐enriched epoxy: Thermal conductivity, curing, and degradation kinetics
Authors: Ventura Isaac Aguilar , Rahaman Ariful , Lubineau Gilles 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTMultiwalled carbon nanotube‐enriched epoxy polymers were prepared by solvent evaporation based on a commercially available epoxy system and functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH–MWCNTs). Three weight ratio configurations (0.05, 0.5, and 1.0 wt %) of COOH–MWCNTs were considered and compared with neat epoxy and ethanol‐treated epoxy to investigate the effects of nano enrichment and processing. Here, the thermal properties of the epoxy polymers, including curing kinetics, thermal conductivity, and degradation kinetics were studied. Introducing the MWCNTs increased the curing activation energy as revealed by differential scanning calorimetry. The final thermal conductivity of the 0.5 and 1.0 wt % MWCNT‐enriched epoxy samples measured by laser flash technique increased by up to 15% compared with the neat material. The activation energy of the degradation process, investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, was found to increase with increasing CNT content, suggesting that the addition of MWCNTs improved the thermal stability of the epoxy polymers. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2722–2733, 2013
Preparation of cationic exchange membranes based on organo‐montmorillonite/poly(vinylidene fluoride) by two‐step chemically induced grafting method
Authors: Tian Bo , Li Haixiao , Zhang Wei , Li Sanxi 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this research, OMMT/PVDF‐based cationic exchange membranes were prepared by two‐step chemically induced grafting method. The various preparation conditions, such as alkaline treatment, initiation, and grafting conditions, and the relationship between the preparation conditions and the cationic exchange membrane performance, such as area resistance and cationic permselectivity, were investigated. The chemical and crystal changes on the membrane surface were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Surface morphological changes were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that the OMMT/PVDF‐based cationic exchange membrane was successfully prepared by this method. The OMMT/PVDF‐based cationic exchange membrane doped 8.5% OMMT prepared using optimum preparation parameters showed excellent basic properties. The area resistance was measured as low as 1.8 Ω cm2, while the cationic permselectivity was as high as 93.4%. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2753–2763, 2013
Simultaneous determination of morniflumate and its major active metabolite, niflumic acid, in human plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography in stability and pharmacokinetic studies
Authors: Cho Hea‐Young , Park Geun‐Kyeong , Lee Yong‐Bok 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTA rapid, sensitive and stable high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of morniflumate and its major active metabolite, niflumic acid, in human plasma. HPLC analysis was carried out using a 5 µm particle size, C18‐bonded silica column with a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.005 m potassium phosphate monobasic in water (60:40, v/v) as the mobile phase and UV detection at 287 nm. The method involved the treatment with 50 μL of 0.4 m hydrochloric acid for the stability of morniflumate, extraction with diethylether and evaporation to dryness under a nitrogen stream. The lower limit of quantitation for morniflumate and niflumic acid was 50 and 500 ng/mL, respectively. The calibration curves for morniflumate and niflumic acid were linear over the concentration range of 50–20,000 ng/mL and 500–50,000 ng/mL, respectively, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9995 and inter‐ or intra‐batch coefficients of variation not exceeding 13.79%. The variability (percentage difference) of incurred sample re‐analysis did not exceed 11.72% and all of the repeat samples fell within 20% of the mean value. This assay procedure was applied successfully to an examination of the pharmacokinetics of morniflumate and its metabolite, niflumic acid, in human subjects. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of intravascular ultrasound on the long‐term clinical outcomes in the treatment of coronary ostial lesions
Authors: Patel Yogesh , Depta Jeremiah P. , Patel Jayendrakumar S. , Masrani Shriti K. , Novak Eric , Zajarias Alan , Kurz Howard I. , Lasala John M. , Bach Richard G. , Singh Jasvindar 
Published: June 2013

ObjectivesTo evaluate the long‐term outcomes of patients with ostial lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with and without the use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).BackgroundA higher rate of adverse cardiac events is associated with PCI of ostial lesions as compared with nonostial disease.MethodsFrom 7/2002 to 8/2010, 225 patients with 233 coronary ostial lesions underwent PCI with (n = 82) and without (n = 143) IVUS guidance. Ostial lesions included both native aorto‐ostial or major coronary vessel (left anterior descending, left circumflex, and ramus intermedius) lesions. Clinical outcomes [cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization (TLR)] at a mean follow‐up of 4.2 ± 2.5 years were compared between patients undergoing PCI of an ostial lesion with and without use of IVUS using univariate and propensity score adjusted analyses.ResultsAorto‐ostial lesions (n = 109) comprised 47% of lesions, whereas the remaining lesions (53%) involved major coronary vessels. After propensity score adjustment, IVUS use was associated with lower rates of the composite of cardiovascular death, MI, or TLR (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.29‐0.99; P = 0.04), composite MI or TLR (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18–0.83; P = 0.01), and MI (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.11–0.85; P = 0.02) as compared with no IVUS. The use of IVUS was also associated with a trend towards a lower rate of TLR (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17–1.02; P = 0.06).ConclusionsPCI of coronary ostial lesions with the use of IVUS was associated with significantly lower rates of adverse cardiac events.© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On the linear complexity of generalized cyclotomic binary sequences of length 2pq
Authors: Chang Zu‐Ling , Li Dandan 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, a new class of generalized cyclotomic binary sequences with period of 2pq is established. The linear complexity and minimal polynomials of proposed sequences of length 2pq are determined. The results show that such sequences of length 2pq have high linear complexity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytoplasmic vacuoles: Clue in the fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of melanoma
Authors: Chen Liansong , Raza Anwar S. , Simental Raul G. , Iverson Kiva T. , Cobb Camilla J. 
Published: June 2013

For the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis of melanoma recognition of characteristic morphologic features is key. In our practice we noted that cytoplasmic vacuoles in Romanowsky‐stained FNA smears of melanoma appeared to be a frequent finding.To investigate this premise, we examined 36 consecutive melanoma FNA cases that had both adequate Papanicolaou‐stained and Romanowsky‐stained smears in an effort to determine the prevalence, and thereby, the potential diagnostic utility of cytoplasmic vacuoles in the diagnosis of melanoma compared to established cytomorphologic parameters of melanoma.We found pigment in 21 cases (58%) and plasmacytoid cells in 28 cases (78%), and in all 36 cases (100%) we found bi/multinucleation, intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions and prominent nucleoli. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were present in 30 cases (83%) and were found in air‐dried Romanowsky‐stained smears only.These findings suggest that in FNA smears of melanoma cytoplasmic vacuoles in Romanowsky‐stained smears have prevalence and potential diagnostic utility that are comparable to widely recognized cytomorphologic features of melanoma. Numerous articles have focused on the cytomorphologic criteria for the FNA diagnosis of melanoma, but few have noted the presence of cytoplasmic vacuoles in FNA smears of melanoma, and rare reports suggest this finding to be a useful clue to the FNA diagnosis of melanoma. This report appears to be the first to focus on the prevalence and potential diagnostic utility of cytoplasmic vacuoles in FNA samples of melanoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42: 143–146. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Large values of hydraulic roughness in subglacial conduits during conduit enlargement: implications for modeling conduit evolution
Authors: Gulley J. D. , Spellman P. D. , Covington M. D. , Martin J. B. , Benn D. I. , Catania G. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTHydraulic roughness accounts for energy dissipated as heat and should exert an important control on rates of subglacial conduit enlargement by melting. Few studies, however, have quantified how subglacial conduit roughness evolves over time or how that evolution affects models of conduit enlargement. To address this knowledge gap, we calculated values for two roughness parameters, the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor (f) and the Manning roughness coefficient (n), using dye tracing data from a mapped subglacial conduit at Rieperbreen, Svalbard. Values of f and n calculated from dye traces were compared with values of f and n calculated from commonly used relationships between surface roughness heights and conduit hydraulic diameters. Roughness values calculated from dye tracing ranged from 75–0.97 for f and from 0.68–0.09 s m‐1/3 for n. Equations that calculate roughness parameters from surface roughness heights underpredicted values of f by as much as a factor of 326 and values of n by a factor of 17 relative to values obtained from the dye tracing study. We argue these large underpredictions occur because relative roughness in subglacial conduits during the early stages of conduit enlargement exceeds the 5% range of relative roughness that can be used to directly relate values of f and n to flow depth and surface roughness heights. Simple conduit hydrological models presented here show how parameterization of roughness impacts models of conduit discharge and enlargement rate. We used relationships between conduit relative roughness and values of f and n calculated from our dye tracing study to parameterize a model of conduit enlargement. Assuming a fixed hydraulic gradient of 0.01 and ignoring creep closure, it took conduits 9.25 days to enlarge from a diameter of 0.44 m to 3 m, which was 6–7‐fold longer than using common roughness parameterizations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Observations of vertical turbulent nitrate flux across the Kuroshio
Authors: Kaneko Hitoshi , Yasuda Ichiro , Komatsu Kosei , Itoh Sachihiko 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe vertical turbulent nitrate flux was calculated across the Kuroshio based on direct turbulence measurements and nitrate concentrations. Profile data were analyzed relative to the main axis of the Kuroshio front, the location of maximum surface velocity. Large upward nitrate flux on the northern side of the front, O(10−6) mmol N m−2 s−1, was observed from 300 m up to the base of the euphotic layer. Enhanced turbulence and a large vertical nitrate gradient contributed to this flux. On this side, high concentrations of chlorophyll‐a were also observed near the surface, and the large nitrate flux is consistent with a previous estimate of the rate of new production. In contrast, south of the axis, the nitrate flux was O(10–8–10−7) mmol N m−2 s−1 because of the small vertical nitrate gradient, although vertical diffusivity at the euphotic layer base remained relatively high.
Aspiration pneumonia after chemo–intensity‐modulated radiation therapy of oropharyngeal carcinoma and its clinical and dysphagia‐related predictors
Authors: Hunter Klaudia U. , Lee Oliver E. , Lyden Teresa H. , Haxer Marc J. , Feng Felix Y. , Schipper Mathew , Worden Francis , Prince Mark E. , McLean Scott A. , Wolf Gregory T. , Bradford Carol R. , Chepeha Douglas B. , Eisbruch Avraham 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess aspiration pneumonia (AsPn) rates and predictors after chemo‐irradiation for head and neck cancer.MethodsThe was a prospective study of 72 patients with stage III to IV oropharyngeal cancer treated definitively with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) concurrent with weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel. AsPn was recorded prospectively and dysphagia was evaluated longitudinally through 2 years posttherapy by observer‐rated (Common Toxicity Criteria version [CTCAE]) scores, patient‐reported scores, and videofluoroscopy.ResultsSixteen patients (20%) developed AsPn. Predictive factors included T classification (p = .01), aspiration detected on videofluoroscopy (videofluoroscopy‐asp; p = .0007), and patient‐reported dysphagia (p = .02–.0003), but not observer‐rated dysphagia (p = .4). Combining T classification, patient reported dysphagia, and videofluoroscopy‐asp, provided the best predictive model.ConclusionAsPn continues to be an under‐reported consequence of chemo‐irradiation for head and neck cancer. These data support using patient‐reported dysphagia to identify high‐risk patients requiring videofluoroscopy evaluation for preventive measures. Reducing videofluoroscopy‐asp rates, by reducing swallowing structures radiation doses and by trials reducing treatment intensity in patients predicted to do well, are likely to reduce AsPn rates. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 120–125, 2014
Effect of postoperative brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy on functional outcomes of immediate facial nerve repair after radical parotidectomy
Authors: Hontanilla Bernardo , Qiu Shan‐Shan , Marré Diego 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThere is much controversy regarding the effect of radiotherapy on facial nerve regeneration. However, the effect of brachytherapy has not been studied.MethodsFifty‐three patients underwent total parotidectomy of which 13 were radical with immediate facial nerve repair with sural nerve grafts. Six patients (group 1) did not receive adjuvant treatment whereas 7 patients (group 2) received postoperative brachytherapy plus radiotherapy. Functional outcomes were compared using Facial Clima.ResultsMean percentage of blink recovery was 92.6 ± 4.2 for group 1 and 90.7 ± 5.2 for group 2 (p = .37). Mean percentage of commissural excursion restoration was 78.1 ± 3.5 for group 1 and 74.9 ± 5.9 for group 2 (p = .17). Mean time from surgery to first movement was 5.7 ± 0.9 months for group 1 and 6.3 ± 0.5 months for group 2 (p = .15).ConclusionBrachytherapy plus radiotherapy does not affect the functional outcomes of immediate facial nerve repair with nerve grafts. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 113–119, 2014
Risk of second primary malignancies after nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A population‐based cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Charlene , Lin Shih‐Wei , Weng Shih‐Feng , Lin Yung‐Song 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) after nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsWe compared the incidence of SPM in patients diagnosed with NPC at the end of 2009 using the data extracted from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database between 2001 and 2008 (n = 10,299), with age‐matched controls (1:10; n = 102,990).ResultsWe found a 55% increased risk of SPM in patients diagnosed with NPC, compared to the risk of first malignancy in the age‐matched controls (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.55; p < .0001). Although the diagnosis of SPM was negatively correlated with the survival of patients with NPC (p = .0011), primary NPC did not display any synergic effect on the survival of patients with SPM, compared to age‐matched controls with a newly diagnosed malignancy (p = .8986).ConclusionNPC is associated with an increased risk of developing an SPM. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 209–214, 2014
Developing a system to track meaningful outcome measures in head and neck cancer treatment
Authors: Walters Ronald S. , Albright Heidi W. , Weber Randal S. , Feeley Thomas W. , Hanna Ehab Y. , Cantor Scott B. , Lewis Carol M. , Burke Thomas W. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe health care industry, including consumers, providers, and payers of health care, recognize the importance of developing meaningful, patient‐centered measures. This article describes our experience using an existing electronic medical record largely based on free text formats without structured documentation, in conjunction with tumor registry abstraction techniques, to obtain and analyze data for use in clinical improvement and public reporting.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 2467 previously untreated patients treated with curative intent who presented with laryngeal, pharyngeal, or oral cavity cancer in order to develop a system to monitor and report meaningful outcome metrics of head and neck cancer treatment. Patients treated between 1995 and 2006 were analyzed for the primary outcomes of survival at 1 and 2 years, the ability to speak at 1 year posttreatment, and the ability to swallow at 1 year posttreatment.ResultsWe encountered significant limitations in clinical documentation because of the lack of standardization of meaningful measures, as well limitations with data abstraction using a retrospective approach to reporting measures. Almost 5000 person‐hours were required for data abstraction, quality review, and reporting, at a cost of approximately $134,000. Our multidisciplinary teams document extensive patient information; however, data is not stored in easily accessible formats for measurement, comparison, and reporting.ConclusionWe recommend identifying measures meaningful to patients, providers, and payers to be documented throughout the patients' entire treatment cycle, and significant investment in the improvements to electronic medical records and tumor registry reporting in order to provide meaningful quality measures for the future. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 226–230, 2014
Clinical significance of indeterminate pulmonary nodules in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Alford Raphael E. , Fried David V. , Huang Benjamin Y. , Weissler Mark , Shores Carol , Shockley William , Hackman Trevor , Zanation Adam , Hayes Neil , Weiss Jared , Grilley–Olson Juneko , Jewells Valerie , Birchard Katherine , Chera Bhishamjit S. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine whether indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) at staging are predictive of lung metastasis, primary lung carcinoma, or survival in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsOne hundred ten patients with IPN at staging who had follow‐up imaging and 100 patients without IPN were identified from an HNSCC database. The primary endpoints were lung progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsTwo‐year lung PFS for the IPN and No‐IPN cohorts were 66% versus 61% (p = .92) and the OS for these cohorts were 71% versus 68% (p = .77). Within the IPN cohort, level IV/V lymph node involvement (odds ratio = 4.34; p = .03), hypopharynx primary (odds ratio = 21.5; p = .005), and race (odds ratio = 9.29; p = .001) were independent predictors of developing lung malignancy.ConclusionIPNs at staging in patients with HNSCC do not affect prognosis and should neither influence initial treatment planning nor the frequency of posttreatment surveillance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 334–339, 2014
Tonsillar cancer: The Peter MacCallum experience with unilateral and bilateral irradiation
Authors: Liu Chen , Dutu Gaelle , Peters Lester J. , Rischin Danny , Corry June 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe primary purpose of this study was to review the efficacy of unilateral treatment of lateralized tonsil primaries, in particular whether laterality of the primary is a more powerful determinant of contralateral neck failure than advanced ipsilateral nodal classification.MethodsA retrospective study of all patients with tonsillar cancer treated with curative intent between January 1990 and December 2002 was performed.ResultsThere were 167 patients, 76% men, median age 58 years, 86% current or ex‐smokers. The majority of patients (58%) had stage IV disease. Five‐year local, nodal, locoregional, and distant failure rates were 14%, 4%, 18%, and 8%, respectively. Of the 58 patients treated unilaterally, 33% had N2a, N2b, or N3 nodal disease. There were no contralateral nodal failures in the unilaterally treated group.ConclusionThese results support the potential use of unilateral radiation therapy (RT) for lateralized tonsil primaries even with advanced ipsilateral nodal disease. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 317–322, 2014
Sinonasal mucosal melanomas: The prognostic value of tumor classifications
Authors: Michel Justin , Perret–Court Audrey , Fakhry Nicolas , Braustein David , Monestier Sandrine , Richard Marie‐Aleth , Grob Jean‐Jacques , Giovanni Antoine , Dessi Patrick 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of the 3 staging systems found in the literature for sinonasal mucosal melanomas tumors: the Ballantyne staging system modified by Prasad (Ballantyne/Prasad staging system), the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM classification for mucosal melanomas (mmTNM), and the 2009 AJCC TNM classification for carcinomas of the nasal cavity and sinuses (carTNM).MethodsA retrospective study of 35 patients treated between 1995 and 2010 was conducted for this study. Each patient was retrospectively staged using the Ballantyne/Prasad staging system, mmTNM, and carTNM.ResultsThere were 20 women (57.1%) and 15 men (42.9%). Only carTNM was significantly correlated with overall survival (p = .012) and disease‐free survival (p = .041). The other 2 classifications were not correlated with survival except for metastatic patients whose overall survival was lower (p = .032).ConclusionOn the basis of these findings, we believe that carTNM should be the primary staging system for patients with mucosal melanomas of the sinonasal tract. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 311–316, 2014