bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a male‐only weight loss maintenance programme on social–cognitive determinants of physical activity and healthy eating: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Young Myles D. , Plotnikoff Ronald C. , Collins Clare E. , Callister Robin , Morgan Philip J. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesTo examine the effect of a gender‐tailored, Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)‐based weight loss maintenance (WLM) intervention on men's physical activity and healthy eating cognitions and behaviours in the 12 months after completing a weight loss programme.DesignA two‐phase, assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled trial.MethodsNinety‐two overweight/obese men (mean [SD] age: 49.2 years [10.1], BMI: 30.7 [3.3] kg/m2) who lost at least 4 kg after completing the 3‐month SCT‐based SHED‐IT Weight Loss Program were randomly allocated to receive (1) the SCT‐based SHED‐IT WLM Program; or (2) no additional resources (self‐help control group). The 6‐month gender‐tailored SHED‐IT WLM Program was completely self‐administered and operationalized SCT behaviour change principles to assist men to increase moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and decrease energy‐dense, nutrient‐poor (discretionary) food consumption after initial weight loss. After randomization (WLM baseline), men were reassessed at 6 months (WLM post‐test) and 12 months (6‐month WLM follow‐up). SCT cognitions (e.g., self‐efficacy, goal setting), MVPA, and discretionary food consumption were assessed with validated measures.ResultsFollowing significant improvements in cognitions, MVPA and discretionary food consumption during the weight loss phase, intention‐to‐treat, linear mixed models revealed no significant group‐by‐time differences in cognitions or behaviours during the WLM phase. Initial improvements in MVPA and some cognitions (e.g., goal setting, planning, and social support) were largely maintained by both groups at the end of the study. Dietary effects were not as strongly maintained, with the intervention and control groups maintaining 57% and 75% of the Phase I improvements in discretionary food intake, respectively.ConclusionsAn additional SCT‐based WLM programme did not elicit further improvements over a self‐help control in the cognitions or behaviours for MVPA or discretionary food intake of men who had lost weight with a SCT‐based weight loss programme.
Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject?Weight regain after weight loss (WL) is common. As successful weight loss maintenance (WLM) requires sustained improvements in cognitions and behaviours, health psychology can contribute to intervention development. However, little research has examined the utility of psychological theory in the context of a WLM randomised controlled trial.

What does this study add?

A theory‐based WL program improved men's physical activity and dietary behaviours and cognitions.

Men who also received a theory‐based WLM program did not show further improvements in physical activity or dietary cognitions and behaviours compared to those that did not.
Phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy with S‐1 plus cisplatin for unresectable locally advanced head and neck cancer (JCOG0706)
Authors: Tahara Makoto , Kiyota Naomi , Mizusawa Junki , Nakamura Kenichi , Hayashi Ryuichi , Akimoto Tetsuo , Hasegawa Yasuhisa , Iwae Shigemichi , Monden Nobuya , Matsuura Kazuto , Fujii Hirofumi , Onozawa Yusuke , Homma Akira , Kubota Akira , Fukuda Haruhiko , Fujii Masato 
Published: March 2015

We conducted a phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chemoradiotherapy concurrent with S‐1 plus cisplatin in patients with unresectable locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Chemotherapy consisted of S‐1 twice daily on days 1–14 at 60 mg/m2/day and cisplatin at 20 mg/m2/day on days 8–11, repeated twice at a 5‐week interval. Single daily radiation of 70 Gy in 35 fractions was given concurrently starting on day 1. For patients achieving an objective response after chemoradiotherapy, two additional cycles of chemotherapy were administered. Of the 45 enrolled patients, the percentage of clinical complete remission, the primary endpoint, was 64.4% (8 complete response, 21 good partial response) on central review. After a median follow‐up of 3.52 years, 3‐year local progression‐free survival was 62.2%, with 3‐year progression‐free survival of 60.0%, 3‐year overall survival of 64.4%, and 3‐year time to treatment failure of 48.9%. Grade 3 or 4 toxicity included pharyngeal mucositis (46.7%), oral mucositis (44.4%), dysphagia (46.7%), anorexia (42.2%), radiation dermatitis (26.7%), neutropenia (26.7%), and febrile neutropenia (4.4%). No treatment‐related deaths were observed. This combination showed promising efficacy with acceptable toxicities.
Phase I study of weekly nab‐paclitaxel combined with S‐1 in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2‐negative metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Tsurutani Junji , Kuroi Katsumasa , Iwasa Tsutomu , Miyazaki Masaki , Nishina Shinichi , Makimura Chihiro , Tanizaki Junko , Okamoto Kunio , Yamashita Toshinari , Aruga Tomoyuki , Shigekawa Takashi , Komoike Yoshifumi , Saeki Toshiaki , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2015

We conducted a phase I study of a weekly nab‐paclitaxel and S‐1 combination therapy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2‐negative metastatic breast cancer. The primary objective was to estimate the maximum tolerated and recommended doses. Each treatment was repeated every 21 days. Levels 1, 2a, 2b, and 3 were set depending on the S‐1 dose (65 or 80 mg/m2) and nab‐paclitaxel infusion schedule (days 1 and 8 or days 1, 8, and 15). Fifteen patients were enrolled. Dose‐limiting toxicity was observed in one patient at Level 3 (100 mg/m2 nab‐paclitaxel on days 1, 8, and 15 with 80 mg/m2 S‐1 daily for 14 days, followed by 7 days of rest). Although the maximum tolerated dose was not reached, the recommended dose was determined to be Level 3. Neutropenia was the most frequent grade 3–4 treatment‐related adverse event. For patients with measurable lesions, the response rate was 50.0% and the median time to treatment failure and median progression‐free survival was 13.2 and 21.0 months, respectively. The present results show the feasibility and potential for long‐term administration of this combination therapy.
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Small Cationic Abiotic Lipopeptides as Novel Antifungal Agents
Authors: Lohan Sandeep , Monga Jitender , Chauhan Chetan Singh , Bisht Gopal Singh 
Published: March 2015

We investigated the antifungal potential of short lipopeptides against clinical fungal isolates with an objective to evaluate their clinical feasibility. All tested lipopeptides exhibit good antifungal activity with negligible difference between the MICs against susceptible and drug‐resistant clinical fungal isolates. The MTT assay results revealed the lower cytotoxicity of lipopeptides toward mammalian cells (NRK‐52E). In particular, LP24 displayed highest potency against most of the tested fungal isolates with MICs in the range of 1.5–4.5 μg/mL. Calcein dye leakage experiments with model membrane suggested the membrane‐active mode of action for LP24. Extending our work from model membranes to intact Aspergillus fumigatus in scanning electron micrographs, we could visualize surface perturbation caused by LP24. LP24 (5 mg/kg) significantly reduces the A. fumigatus burden among the various organs of infected animals, and 70% of the infected mice survived when observed for 28 days. This study underscores the potential of small cationic abiotic lipopeptides to develop into the next‐generation antimicrobial therapy.
Improving the Specificity of the Prostate‐Specific Antigen Substrate Glutaryl‐Hyp‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln as a Promoiety
Authors: Aloysius Herve , Hu Longqin 
Published: March 2015

To develop PSA peptide substrates with improved specificity and plasma stability from the known substrate sequence glutaryl‐Hyp‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln, systematic replacements of the N‐terminal segment with D‐retro‐inverso‐peptides were performed with the incorporation of 7‐amino‐4‐methylcoumarin (7‐AMC) after Gln for convenient fluorometric determination and ranking of the PSA substrate activity. The D‐retro‐inverso‐peptide conjugates with P2‐P5 D‐amino acid substitutions were moderate but poorer PSA substrates as compared to the original peptide, suggesting that inversion of the amide bonds and/or incorporation of the additional atom as in the urea linker adversely affected PSA binding. However, P5 substitution of Hyp with Ser showed significant improvements in PSA cleavage rate; the resulting AMC conjugate, glutaryl‐Ser‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln‐AMC (11), exhibited the fastest PSA cleavage rate of 351 pmol/min/100 nmol PSA. In addition, GABA←mGly‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln‐AMC (conjugate 6) was the second best PSA substrate and released 7‐AMC at a rate of 225 pmol/min/100 nmol PSA as compared to 171 pmol/min/100 nmol PSA for the control conjugate glutaryl‐Hyp‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln‐AMC. Incubations of selected AMC conjugates with mouse and human plasma revealed that GABA←D‐Ser‐ψ[NH‐CO‐NH]‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln‐AMC (5) and GABA←mGly‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln‐AMC (6) were most stable to non‐PSA‐mediated proteolysis. Our results suggest that the PSA specificity of glutaryl‐Hyp‐Ala‐Ser‐Chg‐Gln is improved with Ser and mGly substitutions of Hyp at the P5.
The association of obesity with sex hormone‐binding globulin is stronger than the association with ageing – implications for the interpretation of total testosterone measurements
Authors: Cooper Lori A. , Page Stephanie T. , Amory John K. , Anawalt Bradley D. , Matsumoto Alvin M. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryObjectiveTotal testosterone concentrations are influenced by sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations, which are decreased by obesity and increased with ageing. Therefore, we sought to understand and compare the associations of ageing and obesity with SHBG.DesignWe performed a retrospective, cross‐sectional analysis of the associations of obesity and age on SHBG and testosterone measurements in men being evaluated for hypogonadism.Patients, Measurements and AnalysisA total of 3671 men who underwent laboratory testing for testosterone deficiency from the Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System from 1997 through 2007 was included. Univariate and multivariate linear regression modelling of the associations between age and body mass index (BMI) and SHBG was performed.ResultsObesity was associated with a significantly lower SHBG [β = −1·26 (95% CI −1·14, −1·38) nmol/l] per unit increase in BMI. In contrast, ageing was associated with a significantly increased SHBG [β = 0·46 (95% CI 0·39, 0·53) nmol/l per year] (P < 0·001 for both effects). The association of obesity with lower SHBG was two to three times larger than the association of ageing with increased SHBG in both univariate and multivariate modelling. On average, obese men (BMI >30 kg/m2) had significantly lower SHBG and total testosterone concentrations than nonobese men [(mean ± SD) SHBG: 36 ± 22 vs 50 ± 27 nmol/l and total testosterone: 10·5 ± 5·4 nmol/l vs 14·1 ± 7·4 nmol/l; (P < 0·001 for both comparisons)], but calculated free testosterone concentrations did not differ between obese and nonobese men.ConclusionsWe found that the association between obesity and lowered SHBG is greater than the association of ageing with increased SHBG. These competing effects may impact total testosterone measurements for the diagnosis of low testosterone, particularly in obese men.
The Development of the Ability to Semantically Integrate Information in Speech and Iconic Gesture in Comprehension
Authors: Sekine Kazuki , Sowden Hannah , Kita Sotaro 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe examined whether children's ability to integrate speech and gesture follows the pattern of a broader developmental shift between 3‐ and 5‐year‐old children (Ramscar & Gitcho, 2007) regarding the ability to process two pieces of information simultaneously. In Experiment 1, 3‐year‐olds, 5‐year‐olds, and adults were presented with either an iconic gesture or a spoken sentence or a combination of the two on a computer screen, and they were instructed to select a photograph that best matched the message. The 3‐year‐olds did not integrate information in speech and gesture, but 5‐year‐olds and adults did. In Experiment 2, 3‐year‐old children were presented with the same speech and gesture as in Experiment 1 that were produced live by an experimenter. When presented live, 3‐year‐olds could integrate speech and gesture. We concluded that development of the integration ability is a part of the broader developmental shift; however, live‐presentation facilitates the nascent integration ability in 3‐year‐olds.
Improvement of the dyeing and fastness properties of a naphthalimide fluorescent dye using poly(amidoamine) dendrimer
Authors: Sadeghi‐Kiakhani Mousa , Safapour Siyamak 
Published: March 2015

In this study, 4‐amino‐9‐methoxypropylnaphthalimide fluorescent dye (dye 1) was reacted with poly(amidoamine) dendrimer G = −0.5 to prepare a naphthalimide–dendrimer hybrid dye (dye 2). The chemical structures of the synthesised dyes were confirmed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy. The solvatochromism of the dyes was evaluated in various solvents with respect to visible absorption properties, and positive solvatochromism was observed by solvent polarity change from chloroform to ethanol. The dyeing ability of the synthesised dyes was investigated by their application onto nylon fabric, and nylon substrates dyed with dye 2 exhibited marked enhancement both in terms of colour strength and general fastness properties. The results of this study clearly demonstrated the high potential and performance of dye 2 as a novel promising fluorescent dye as compared with dye 1. Overall, it was inferred that the modification of the naphthalimide fluorescent dye with poly(amidoamine) denderimer could markedly improve the dyeing and fastness properties of the naphthalimide fluorescent dye on nylon fabrics.
Post‐transplantation diabetes mellitus: evaluation of treatment strategies
Authors: Haidinger M. , Antlanger M. , Kopecky C. , Kovarik J.J. , Säemann M.D. , Werzowa J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundPost‐transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a serious complication after kidney transplantation, but evidence regarding long‐term outcomes of treatment regimens remains scarce.Aim and MethodsThe aim of this retrospective cohort analysis was to assess the long‐term efficiency and safety of antidiabetic treatments in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), who were diagnosed with PTDM by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).ResultsOf 561 KTRs that were screened for PTDM at our outpatient clinic, 71 (13%) had a diabetic OGTT and were included in this study. Mean follow‐up was 34.2 ± 16.1 months. Thirty‐six PTDM patients (51%) received antidiabetic treatment after diagnosis with either a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitor, a sulfonylurea, pioglitazone, or insulin. These patients had significantly higher fasting glucose and two‐h plasma glucose (2HPG) values at baseline than those who remained without therapy. In contrast to lifestyle modification alone or sulfonylureas, DPP‐4 inhibitors improved glycemic control significantly. Adverse events were generally mild and occurred at similar rates in all groups.ConclusionWhile sulfonylureas failed to improve glycemic control, DPP‐4 inhibitors appeared effective and safe for the therapy of PTDM after kidney transplantation.
Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of factors predicting outcome in 1074 patients in OPTN Region 5
Authors: Macdonald Brock , Sewell Justin L. , Harper Ann M. , Roberts John P. , Yao Francis Y. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPrevious studies on loco‐regional therapy (LRT) and alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) in predicting outcome after liver transplant (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have shown inconsistent results. We analyzed the OPTN database in Region 5 from January 2004 to January 2009 and performed univariate and multivariate analysis of 11 pre‐transplant recipient and donor variables in 1074 patients with HCC meeting Milan criteria to detect association with post‐LT tumor recurrence or mortality. Mean waitlist time was 438 d. The 1‐ and 5‐yr post‐LT survival was 91.1% and 71.1%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, AFP before LT was the only predictor of HCC recurrence. The association between AFP and HCC recurrence was observed only in the subgroup receiving LRT but not in the subgroup without LRT. Predictors of mortality in multivariate analysis were HCC recurrence, Donor Risk Index, last AFP before LT, and MELD score. AFP before LT was the strongest predictor of post‐transplant HCC recurrence or death in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, in Region 5 with prolonged waitlist time, high AFP was the only pre‐transplant variable predicting post‐transplant tumor recurrence and mortality for HCC meeting Milan criteria. Our results also supported the importance of the effects of LRT on AFP in predicting prognosis.
Beyond the Boundaries of Current Human Nature: Some Theological and Ethical Reflections on Transhumanism
Authors: Childs James M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFollowing a brief overview of the emerging transhumanist vision, Childs turns to a theological and ethical assessment. He recommends that there take place a community‐wide conversation over the prospects of a post‐human future that includes both nerds and theologians along with all stakeholders in a healthy human future. Christians should be guided by the eschatological values that inform love's commitment to the common good. How does the common commitment to justice take concrete shape in public policies governing the mounting advances in science and technology? How does the commitment to life and healing speak to the ethical distinction between the uses of biomedical technology for therapy versus for enhancement?
Bodies and Persons: Theological Reflections on Transhumanism
Authors: Mercer Calvin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWhile cautioned by Ted Peters’ critique of the more radical brand of transhumanism, in this article the author affirms a greater openness on the part of Christian theology toward the transhumanist/posthumanist program. A key concern will be the place of the human body. Christians affirm an eschatological resurrection of the body. This stands in contrast to radical transhumanists who seek cybernetic immortality—that is, disembodied intelligence. Yet, such intelligence could manifest in a virtual or robotic body. Therefore, it turns out that a posthuman entity, whether an upload or superintelligence, can have a body, albeit qualitatively different from the familiar flesh and blood body. If a pothuman entity can also have personhood, then why could not the promise of God apply?
Does Jesus Save the Neanderthals? Theological Perspectives on the Evolutionary Origins and Boundaries of Human Nature
Authors: Moritz Joshua M. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractDoes Jesus save the Neanderthals? Do the Neanderthals need saving? Are they worth saving? And what about other non‐human animals? What theological sense can be made of the boundaries of human nature when considered in light of contemporary evolutionary biology and paleoanthropology? This article explores how theologians can begin to approach such questions by looking at four key areas where theological anthropology, evolutionary biology, and paleoanthropology intersect—1) human nature, 2) human uniqueness, 3) the imago Dei, and 4) the incarnation.
Scripture, Creed, and Empire: Negotiating the Challenges to Find Norming Norms
Authors: Persaud Winston D. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGiven the recent (since 9/11) widespread attention across academic disciplines paid to the theme of Empire, the author considers a primary question which emerges: What might we learn from and about the Bible which was composed in the context of Empire and has functioned in communities which both benefited from and suffered under imperial rule? Attention is given to critical ‘re‐readings’ of the New Testament in light of the reality of the Roman Empire and its overriding, pervasive imperial rule. Consideration is given to the Nicene‐Constantinopolitan Creed (325/381 B.C.E.) and Christology for ‘hidden transcripts’ of the radical alternative message of the Gospel vis‐à‐vis the power of emperor and Empire.
Higher Education in Light of the Cross
Authors: Ashmon Scott A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWhat is the summum bonum of a university education? The much lauded “liberal” approach of Aristotle, Newman, and Roche proposes that education is for contemplating the truth—an intrinsic, joyous end in itself. This approach offers the benefits of pursuing truth, virtues, and intellectual habits, but it also carries with it the temptations of idealatry and homo incurvatus in se. Christian universities can reform this approach to education, though, with Luther's theology of the cross, reorienting it through the crucified Christ toward the highest ends of life revealed in God's word: faith in God and love for the neighbor.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the stomatognathic system
Authors: Goiato Marcelo Coelho 
Published: March 2015

This commentary is on the original article by Ferreira et al. To view this paper visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12707.The version of Ferreira et al. commented on has been retracted and has now been replaced with http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13094.
The HPV16 E6 oncoprotein and UVB irradiation inhibit the tumor suppressor TGFβ pathway in the epidermis of the K14E6 transgenic mouse
Authors: Popoca‐Cuaya Marco , Diaz‐Chavez Jose , Hernandez‐Monge Jesus , Alvarez‐Rios Elizabeth , Lambert Paul F. , Gariglio Patricio 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHigh‐risk human papillomaviruses (HR‐HPVs) are the causative agents of cervical cancer, and they are also associated with a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. In addition, HPVs have also been postulated in the development of non‐melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). In these cancers, the oncogene E6 is best known for its ability to inactivate the tumor suppressor p53 protein. Interestingly, in transgenic mice for HPV16 E6 (K14E6), it was reported that E6 alone induced epithelial hyperplasia and delay in differentiation in skin epidermis independently of p53 inactivation. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is an important regulator of cell growth/differentiation and apoptosis, and this pathway is often lost during tumorigenesis. Ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) exposure activates diverse cellular responses, including DNA damage and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated whether the E6 oncogene alone or in combination with UVB dysregulate some components of the TGFβ pathway in the epidermis of K14E6 mice. We used 8‐day‐old K14E6 and non‐transgenic mice irradiated and unirradiated with a single dose of UVB. We found that the E6 oncogene and UVB irradiation impair the TGFβ pathway in epidermis of K14E6 mice by downregulation of the TGFβ type II receptor (TβRII). This loss of TβRII prevents downstream activation of Smad2 and target genes as p15, an important regulator of cell cycle progression. In summary, the TGFβ signalling in cells of the epidermis is downregulated in our mouse model by both the E6 oncoprotein and the UVB irradiation.