bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterior lateral line nerve encoding to tones and play back vocalisations in free swimming oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau
Authors: Radford Craig A. , Mensinger Allen F. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
In the underwater environment, sound propagates both as a pressure wave and particle motion, with particle motions dominating close to the source. At the receptor level, the fish ear and the neuromast hair cells act as displacement detectors, and both are potentially stimulated by the particle motion component of sound. The encoding of the anterior lateral line nerve to acoustic stimuli in freely behaving oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau, was examined. Nerve sensitivity and directional responses were determined using spike rate and vector strength analysis, a measure of phase-locking of spike times to the stimulus waveform. All units showed greatest sensitivity to 100 Hz stimulus. While sensitivity was independent of stimulus orientation, the neuron's ability to phase-lock was correlated with stimuli origin. Two different types of units were classified, Type 1 (tonic), and Type 2 (phasic). The Type 1 fibers were further classified into two sub-types based on their frequency response (Type 1-1 and Type 1-2), which was hypothesised to be related to canal (Type 1-1) and superficial (Type 1-2) neuromast innervation. Lateral line units also exhibited sensitivity and phase locking to boatwhistle vocalisations, with greatest spike rates exhibited at the onset of the call. These results provide direct evidence that oyster toadfish can use their lateral line to detect behaviourally relevant acoustic stimuli, which could provide a sensory pathway to aid in sound source localisation.
Temperature mediates the effect of humidity on the viscoelasticity of glycoprotein glue within the droplets of an orb-weaving spider's prey capture threads
Authors: Stellwagen Sarah , Opell Brent , Short Kelly 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Sticky viscous prey capture threads retain insects that strike araneoid orb-webs. The threads' two axial fibers support a series of glue droplets, each featuring a core of adhesive viscoelastic glycoprotein covered by an aqueous solution. After sticking, the glue extends, summing the adhesion of multiple droplets, and dissipates some of the energy of a struggling prey. As a day progresses, threads experience a drop in humidity and an increase in temperature, environmental variables that have the potential to alter thread and web function. We hypothesize that thread droplets respond to these opposing environmental changes in a manner that stabilizes their performance and test this by examining threads spun by Argiope aurantia, a species that occupies exposed, weedy habitats. We confirmed that decreased humidity increases glycoprotein viscosity and found that increased temperature had the opposite effect. To evaluate the combined effect of temperature and humidity on a droplet's ability to transfer adhesive force and dissipate energy, we extended a droplet and measured both the deflection of the axial line supporting the droplet and the duration of its tensive load. The cumulative product of these two indices, which reflects the energy required to extend a droplet, was greatest under afternoon (hot and dry) conditions, less under morning (cool and humid), and least under hot & humid afternoon conditions. Although the opposing effects of temperature and humidity tend to stabilize glycoprotein performance, A. aurantia thread droplets appear to function optimally during the afternoon, equipping this species to capture large orthopterans, which are most active at this time.
Changes in the pattern of programmes in contemporary Chinese radio: Helping each other in Beijing: A case study
Authors: Wei Meng , Lu Cao 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Since the 1980s big changes have been taking place in the character of China’s radio programmes. Radio’s role has changed, from a propaganda tool of the government to a medium seeking to meet the multifarious needs of its listeners. Under the ‘socialist market economy’ which was introduced in 1992, radio in China has become unashamedly market oriented. Its funding has moved from a complete dependency on the public purse to the independent pursuit of profit. With the aid of digital technology, the traditional forms of programming, which were dominated by a culture of writing and reading, have also been transformed into ones which involve audience interaction. This article is a case study of Helping Each Other in Beijing, a programme for the elderly which is broadcast on the public service frequency of Radio Beijing. It analyses the concept of the programme, its content, its interaction with the audience and the style of its presentation. In this fiercely competitive age of new media and globalization, it illustrates how Chinese broadcasters are developing a new programming philosophy, how they are developing a new relationship with the audience and how they are fashioning a new media image.
Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome Confirmed with the Use of Intravascular Ultrasound
Authors: de Lara Fernando Vazquez , Higgins Christopher , Hernandez-Vila Eduardo A. 
Published: February 2014

Median arcuate ligament syndrome, a rarely reported condition, is characterized by postprandial abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Its cause is unclear. We present the case of a 45-year-old woman who had intermittent chronic positional abdominal pain without weight loss. Magnetic resonance angiograms and computed tomograms revealed stenosis of the celiac artery. Ostial compression was confirmed on catheter angiographic and intravascular ultrasonographic images. Intravascular ultrasound revealed far greater stenosis than did the initial imaging methods and confirmed a diagnosis of median arcuate ligament syndrome. In lieu of surgery, the patient underwent a celiac ganglion block procedure that substantially relieved her symptoms.
To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of intravascular ultrasound in the diagnosis of median arcuate ligament syndrome. We recommend using this imaging method preoperatively in other suspected cases of the syndrome, to better identify patients who might benefit from corrective surgery.
Aortic Valve Leaflet Replacement with Bovine Pericardium to Preserve Native Dynamic Capabilities of the Aortic Annulus
Authors: Kim Kyung Hwa , Choi Jong Bum , Kim Min Ho , Kim Won Ho , Lee Mi Kyung , Lee Sam Youn 
Published: February 2014

Valve replacement is typically the most appropriate option for treating aortic valve stenotic insufficiency. However, neither mechanical nor bioprosthetic replacement components preserve the circumferential expansion and contraction of a native aortic annulus during the cardiac cycle, because the prosthetic ring is affixed to the annulus.
A 64-year-old man presented with a bicuspid and stenotic aortic valve, and the native annulus was too small to accommodate a porcine replacement valve. We fashioned new aortic leaflets from bovine pericardium with use of a template, and we affixed the sinotubular junction with use of inner and outer stabilization rings. Postoperative echocardiograms revealed coaptation of the 3 new leaflets with no regurgitation. At the patient's 5.5-year follow-up examination, echocardiograms showed flexible leaflet movement with a coaptation height of 7 mm, and expansion and contraction of the aortic annulus similar to that of a normal native annulus. The transvalvular pressure gradient was insignificant. If long-term durability of the new leaflets is confirmed, this method of leaflet replacement and fixation of the sinotubular junction might serve as an acceptable alternative to valve replacement in the treatment of aortic valve stenosis. We describe the patient's case and present our methods and observations.
Evaluation of Coronary Artery–Saphenous Vein Composite Grafts: The Aortic No-Touch Technique
Authors: Coskun Isa , Colkesen Yucel , Demirturk Orhan Saim , Tunel Huseyin Ali , Turkoz Riza , Gulcan Oner 
Published: February 2014

We retrospectively compared the results of conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed on patients who showed no preoperative evidence of serious atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta with the results of the aortic no-touch technique (using coronary artery–saphenous vein composite grafts) on CABG patients who did show such evidence.
From 2003 through 2012, 3,152 consecutive patients underwent isolated primary CABG at our hospital. We chose 360 for the current study. The study group (n=120) comprised patients who had undergone operation via the aortic no-touch technique. Propensity-score-matching (1:2) was used to select the control group of 240 patients who had undergone conventional CABG. Early and late survival rates, reintervention-free survival rates, and freedom from cardiac death were compared.
Early and late mortality rates were similar in the study and control groups (P=0.19 vs P=0.29, respectively), as were cardiac-related death (2.5% vs 2.1%, respectively; P=0.53) and overall death (8.3% vs 7.9%, respectively; P=0.51). Overall survival rates were 91.7% vs 92.1% and freedom-from-cardiac-death rates were 97.4% vs 97.5% (P=0.71 vs P=0.78, respectively; mean follow-up period, 5.27 ± 2.51 yr). Reintervention-free survival rates were also similar (96.7% vs 98.8%, respectively; P=0.2).
As a result of the similar rates of early and late survival, reintervention-free survival, and freedom from cardiac death, we conclude that the aortic no-touch technique with composite grafts might be a reasonable option in patients who have atherosclerotic ascending aorta that cannot be clamped.
Fine properties of the subdifferential for a
class of one-homogeneous functionals
Authors: Chambolle Antonin , Goldman Michael , Novaga Matteo 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
We collect some known results on the subdifferentials of a class of one-homogeneous functionals, which consist in anisotropic and nonhomogeneous variants of the total variation.
It is known that the subdifferential at a point is the divergence of some “calibrating field”.
We establish new relationships between Lebesgue points of a calibrating field and regular points of the level surfaces of the corresponding calibrated function.
Universal and homogeneous embeddings of dual polar spaces of rank 3 defined over quadratic alternative division algebras
Authors: De Bruyn Bart , Van Maldeghem Hendrik 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Suppose 𝕆 is an alternative division algebra that is quadratic over some subfield 𝕂 of its center

Z
(
𝕆
)

$Z(\mathbb {O})$

. Then with

(
𝕆
,
𝕂
)

$(\mathbb {O},\mathbb {K})$

, there is associated a dual polar space. We provide an explicit representation of this dual polar space into a

(
6
n
+
7
)

$(6n+7)$

-dimensional projective space over 𝕂, where

n
=

dim
𝕂

(
𝕆
)

$n = \dim _\mathbb {K}(\mathbb {O})$

. We prove that this embedding is the universal one, provided

|
𝕂
|
>
2

$\vert \mathbb {K}\vert &gt;2$

. When 𝕆 is not an inseparable field extension of 𝕂, we show that this universal embedding is the unique polarized one. When 𝕆 is an inseparable field extension of 𝕂, then we determine the minimal full polarized embedding, and show that all homogeneous embeddings are either universal or minimal. We also provide explicit generators of the corresponding projective representations of the little projective group associated with the (dual) polar space.
Synthesis of aluminum hydroxide thin coating and its influence on the thermomechanical and fire-resistant properties of wood
Authors: Wang Nana , Fu Yanchun , Liu Yongzhuang , Yu Haipeng , Liu Yixing 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3] film on wood substrate has been synthesized by means of the hydrothermal (HT) method for improvement of wood’s mechanical properties and resistance to combustion. The HT temperature was set to 100°C and 120°C, and the reaction time varied from 4 h to 10 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) results show that the thin film grown on wood surface was amorphous Al(OH)3 and the relative crystallinity of treated woods slightly improved. SEM observation revealed that the Al(OH)3 film is composed of regular micro/nano-sized spheres, whose production and size increase with the reaction time, and some AlO(OH) structures emerged at 120°C with reaction times longer than 6 h. The storage modulus of the wood treated at 100°C and 120°C for 8 h can be improved by 30%, while the viscoelastic properties are also influenced by the HT treatment and Al(OH)3 coating. The limiting oxygen index of raw wood rose from 24.7% to 27.9% after the treatment, which can be interpreted as a moderate improvement of the fire resistance.
Chemical remediation of wood treated with micronised, nano or soluble copper preservatives
Authors: Kartal Saip Nami , Terzi Evren , Woodward Bessie , Clausen Carol A. , Lebow Stan T. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The potential for extraction of copper from wood treated with micronised, nano or soluble forms of copper has been evaluated in view of chemical remediation. In focus were EDTA, oxalic acid, bioxalate, and d-gluconic acid for extraction of Cu from treated wood. Bioxalate extractions for 24 h resulted in Cu removal over 95% for all tested materials, and the effectiveness of oxalic acid extraction was very similar to that of nano-CuO-treated wood. Bioxalate was more effective than oxalic acid in removing Cu from ACQ-D, MCQ, MCA, CA-C and Cu-ethanolamine treated wood. d-gluconic acid extractions resulted in the lowest Cu removal for nano-CuO even though d-gluconic acid was effective for all other materials. As the pH of d-gluconic acid decreased, Cu removal was improved except for nano-CuO. There is no distinctive difference in Cu removal from wood treated with ACQ-D, MCQ, CA-C, MCA and Cu-ethanolamine.
The structural biology of the amyloid precursor protein APP – a complex puzzle reveals its multi-domain architecture
Authors: Coburger Ina , Hoefgen Sandra , Than Manuel E. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its processing are widely believed to be central for the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and appear essential for neuronal development and cell homeostasis in mammals. Many studies show the proteolysis of APP by the proteases α-, β- and γ-secretase, functional aspects of the protein and the structure of individual domains. It is, however, largely unclear and currently also widely debated of how the structures of individual domains and their interactions determine the observed functionalities of APP and how they are arranged within the three-dimensional architecture of the entire protein. Further unanswered questions relate to the physiologic function of APP, the regulation of its proteolytic processing and the structural and functional effect of its cellular trafficking and processing. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the structure-function-relationship of the multi-domain protein APP. This type-I transmembrane protein consists of the two folded E1 and E2 segments that are connected to one another and to the single transmembrane helix by flexible segments and likely fulfills several independent functions.
Understanding the Process of Contextualization
Authors: Wyatt Tasha 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The literature on culture and education points to the importance of using students’ cultural knowledge in the teaching and learning process. While the theory of culturally relevant education has expanded in the last several decades, the practical implementation continues to lag far behind. This disparity points to the lack of tools and other resources available to assist teachers with implementation. By examining the practice of six teachers who scored high on a rubric measuring Contextualization, this pedagogical strategy was articulated into a three-step process. The findings indicate that the role of the teacher in guiding students through tasks that require cognitive processing has been missing from our understanding of this strategy. This study advances the practice of using culture in teaching by operationalizing how to use students’ cultural experiences to make academic connections.
Extraction and purification of 227Ac and development of solid 219Rn source
Authors: Tang Quan , Qiu Shoukang , Xiao Detao , Zhou Yaohui , An Xiaogang 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The method of 227Ac extraction and purification from high-grade uranium ore and the test results of solid 219Rn
source made from 227Ac are reported in this paper. With five years of follow-up monitoring, radiochemical purity of
227Ac and the emanation power of solid 219Rn source has been checked by emanation method and γ-spectrometry, the results showed that 228Th, 231Pa and 226Ra have been effectively removed and
the emanation power of 219Rn source is about 80%. The long-term test results also showed that the
219Rn emanation rate remains stable in a wide air humidity range (40% ∼ 90%). Though the
219Rn source has not been accurately calibrated yet, it has been applied in the research for delay coincidence measurement
of 223Ra.
Gas-phase chemistry of Mo, Ru, W, and Os metal carbonyl complexes
Authors: Wang Y. , Qin Z. , Fan F.-L. , Fan F.-Y. , Cao S.-W. , Wu X.-L. , Zhang X. , Bai J. , Yin X.-J. , Tian L.-L. , Zhao L. , Tian W. , Li Z. , Tan C.-M. , Guo J.-S. , Gäggeler H. W. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Metal carbonyl complexes were used for studying the gas-phase chemical behavior of Mo, Ru, W and Os isotopes with an on-line low
temperature isothermal gas chromatography apparatus. Short-lived Mo and Ru isotopes were produced by a 252Cf spontaneous
fission source. Short-lived nuclides of W and Os were produced using the heavy ion reactions 19F +159Tb and
165Ho, respectively. Short-lived products were thermalized in a recoil chamber filled with a gas mixture of helium and
carbon monoxide. The carbonyls formed were then transported through capillaries to an isothermal chromatography column for study of the
adsorption behavior as a function of temperature. On-line isothermal chromatography (IC) experiments on Teflon (PTFE) and quartz
surfaces showed that short-lived isotopes of the listed elements can form carbonyl complexes which are very volatile and interact most
likely in physical sorption processes. Deduced adsorption enthalpies of Mo and Ru carbonyls were − 38 ± 2 kJ/mol and
− 36 ± 2 kJ/mol, respectively. These values are in good agreement with literature data, partly obtained with different
chromatographic techniques. A validation of the applied Monte Carlo model to deduce adsorption enthalpies with Mo isotopes of different
half-lives proved the validity of the underlying adsorption model. The investigations using a gas-jet system coupled to a heavy ion
accelerator without any preseparator clearly showed the limitations of the approach. The He and CO gas mixture, which was directly
added into the chamber, will result in decomposition of CO gas and produce some aerosol particles. After the experiment of
173W and 179Os in the heavy ion experiments, the Teflon column was covered by a yellowish deposit; the
adsorption enthalpy of W and Os carbonyls could therefore not be properly deduced using Monte Carlo simulations.
Organometallic water splitting – from coordination chemistry to catalysis
Authors: Klahn Marcus , Beweries Torsten 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis review gives an overview on the recent developments in the field of coordination chemistry of water at transition metal centres, which could give implications for a better understanding of the elementary steps of light-driven overall water splitting. Additionally, selected examples for homogeneous catalyst systems that are capable of producing hydrogen and/or oxygen from water are presented, focussing on the mechanistic aspects of water reduction and water oxidation.
Heat-shock protein A8 restores sperm membrane integrity by increasing plasma membrane fluidity
Authors: Moein-Vaziri Najmeh , Phillips Ian , Smith Simon , Almiňana Carmen , Maside Carolina , Gil Maria A , Roca Jordi , Martinez Emilio A , Holt William V , Pockley A Graham , Fazeli Alireza 
Published: February 2014

The constitutive 70 kDa heat-shock protein, HSPA8, has previously been shown to contribute to the long-term survival of spermatozoa inside the mammalian female reproductive tract. Here, we show that a recombinant form of HSPA8 rapidly promotes the viability of uncapacitated spermatozoa, the ability of spermatozoa to bind to oviductal epithelial cells, enhances IVF performance, and decreases sperm mitochondrial activity. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching revealed that the repair of membrane damage is achieved by an almost instantaneous increase in sperm membrane fluidity. The ability of HSPA8 to influence membrane stability and fluidity, as well as its conserved nature among mammalian species, supports the idea that this protein protects sperm survival through membrane repair mechanisms.Free Persian abstractA Persian translation of the abstract is freely available online athttp://www.reproduction-online.org/content/147/5/719/suppl/DC1
Material Properties of Fibre-Cement and Fibre-Concrete Composites Used for Plated Components of Building Structures
Authors: Karmazínová Marcela 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe paper presents the brief information on particular results of experimental studies dealing with the problems of properties of materials based on fibre-cement and fibre-concrete composites, which are being recently developed, tested and verified, to use them in the plated components of load-carrying structures of building constructions. The problems mentioned are solved in the co-operation with the company of the Research Institute of Building Materials Inc. (“VUSTAH a.s.”) at Brno city in the Czech Republic. The attention is paid to two basic types of material: (i) fibre-cement composite used for the slab components intended for vertical or horizontal building or technology structures, such as permanent shuttering of bridges, timber floor structures and slab flooring, the wall cladding of buildings and formwork of components in manufacturing plants of the concrete units; (ii) glass-fibre-concrete composite mainly intended for the building façade claddings, but also for the objects of daily use. The experimental verification has been mainly oriented to the investigation of physical-mechanical properties, like as the tensile-bending strength, as well as the corresponding modulus of elasticity.
Auditor Industry Specialization, Service Bundling, and Partner Effects in a Mining-Dominated City
Authors: Ferguson Andrew , Pündrich Gabriel , Raftery Adrian 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARY:
This study examines auditor industry specialization effects in Perth, a remote mining town in Australia characterized by a large number of small, homogeneous firms. We consider the impact of leadership by the non-Big 4 auditor BDO Kendalls (BDO) for a sample of 371 mining development stage entities (MDSEs). After controlling for factors known to determine audit fees, we find no evidence of auditor industry leadership fee premiums accruing to BDO, a result robust to a range of sensitivity tests including the broadening of tests Australia-wide. However, when the dependent variable is redefined to the total “bundle” of services provided by the audit firm (including audit and non-audit fees), the industry leader is shown to earn a fee premium suggesting BDO uses audits as a conduit to supply higher-margin non-audit services. Our findings suggest that strategic pricing by industry leaders may not be confined to Big 4 firms.