bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Dehydrogenative N‐Heterocyclization of 2‐(2‐Aminoaryl)ethyl Alcohols to Indole Derivatives Catalyzed by (μ‐Oxo)tetraruthenium Cluster/1,2‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene.
Authors: Kondo Teruyuki , Kanda Takashi , Takagi Daisuke , Wada Kenji , Kimura Yu , Toshimitsu Akio 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe novel title catalyst system enables a simple, selective, and practical synthesis of indoles from aminoalcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Bond‐Driven Electrophilic Activation for Selectivity Control: Scope and Limitations of Fluorous Alcohol‐Promoted Selective Formation of 1,2‐Disubstituted Benzimidazoles and Mechanistic Insight for Rational of Selectivity.
Authors: Chebolu Rajesh , Kommi Damodara N. , Kumar Dinesh , Bollineni Narendra , Chakraborti Asit K. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDisubstituted benzimidazoles are selectively obtained by reaction of o‐phenylenediamine (I) with various (hetero)aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes using trifluoroethanol or hexafluoro‐2‐propanol as solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Spectral Characterization of Three New Asymmetrical Substituted Triaryltriazoles.
Authors: Zhao Jian , Shen Guo‐Ping , Zhang Yu , Shen Xuan , Zhu Dun‐Ru 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAsymmetrical substituted triaryltriazoles (VI) are obtained in three steps starting from readily available 2‐picolinic acid (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Reductive Ring Expansion of Spiroketal Dihydropyranones to cis‐Fused Bicyclic Ethers.
Authors: Zhu Liangyu , Song Liyan , Tong Rongbiao 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe present new double cascade strategy to synthesize cis‐fused bicyclic ethers consists of Achmatowicz rearrangement/ spiroketalization and subsequent spiroketal reduction/ oxa—Michael cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano‐ZnO as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Three‐Component One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans in Water.
Authors: Hosseini‐Sarvari M. , Shafiee‐Haghighi S. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA simple, efficient and environmentally benign three‐component one‐pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzopyran derivatives is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines Catalyzed by Magnetic Nanocrystalline Fe3O4.
Authors: Yang Shu‐Hong , Zhao Fei‐Yang , Lue Hong‐Yan , Deng Jia , Zhang Zhan‐Hui 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe use of Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetically separable catalyst for the three‐component, one‐pot synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridines is described.
ChemInform Abstract: An Effective Procedure to Promote Aza‐Prins Cyclization Reactions Employing a Combination of Ferric Chloride and an Imidazolium Salt in Benzotrifluoride.
Authors: Osawa Chika , Tateyama Minami , Miura Kensuke , Tayama Eiji , Iwamoto Hajime , Hasegawa Eietsu 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAn improved procedure for the title reaction of butenylamine (I) with aldehydes is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 4‐Substituted‐2‐quinolinone‐3‐carboxylic Acid Ethyl Esters
Authors: Zhang Lijuan , Luo Yu , Yu Shanbao , Lu Wei 
Published: April 2013

Abstractvia Suzuki and Sonogashira coupling reactions of 4‐chloroquinolinone (I)
ChemInform Abstract: A General Organocatalytic Approach Toward the Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Indolizidine Based Alkaloids.
Authors: Abels Falko , Lindemann Chris , Koch Eva , Schneider Christoph 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIndolizidine based alkaloids (V), (XI) are synthesized in a highly enantioselective straightforward, and flexible manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Aromatic Azomethine Imines with Allenoates.
Authors: Zhang Lei , Jing Chengfeng , Liu Honglei , Wang Bo , Li Zhen , Jiang Hui , Yu Hao , Guo Hongchao 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe process affords dinitrogen‐fused tricyclic heterocyclic systems with good to excellent yields, but only poor diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of Novel 4‐Phenyl‐2‐[3‐(alkynyl/alkenyl/aryl)phenyl]pyrimidine Libraries via Michael Addition, Cyclization, and C—C Coupling Reactions: A New MCR Strategy.
Authors: Reddy L. Srinivasula , Reddy T. Ram , Reddy N. C. Gangi , Mohan Reddy Bodireddy , Lingappa Y. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPhenyl‐substituted pyrimidines, prepared in situ via Michael addition, cyclization, isomerization, and dehydration, undergo Pd‐catalyzed couplings to give the required medicinal scaffolds.
ChemInform Abstract: A Diversified Approach to the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Novel Azines and Azoles from 2H‐Pyran‐2‐ones.
Authors: Mishra Pushyamitra , Kumar Sandeep , Maurya Hardesh K. , Gautam Sanjay K. , Kumar Brijesh , Tandon Vishnu K. , Ram Vishnu Ji 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe highly facile, efficient, economically viable, and regioselective one‐pot procedure provides a new route for construction of functionalized pyrimidines, pyridines, and pyrazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of a Diverse Purine‐Scaffold Library via One‐Step Palladium Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling.
Authors: Taldone Tony , Zatorska Danuta , Patel Hardik J. , Sun Weilin , Patel Maulik R. , Chiosis Gabriela 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA library of 6′‐substituted derivatives of Hsp90 inhibitor PU‐H71 (I) is synthesized by Suzuki, Stille, Heck, and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions (45 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of β‐Lactams and Cyclo‐β‐dipeptides.
Authors: Hernandez‐Vazquez Luis G. , Leyva Marco A. , Metta‐Magana Alejandro J. , Escalante Jaime 
Published: April 2013

AbstractUnder optimized reaction conditions, N‐substituted β‐amino acids (I) have the tendency to form cyclo‐β‐dipeptides (II), while β3‐substituted amino acids (III) form β‐lactams (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of Protected 5‐Hydroxynorvaline by Hetero‐Diels—Alder Addition of Ethyl 2‐Nitrosoacrylate to (R)‐ and (S)‐1‐Phenylbutyl Vinyl Ether.
Authors: Massen Zoe S. , Gallos John K. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA revised strategy for the enantioselective synthesis of 5‐hydroxynorvaline derivative (VII) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Efficient Method for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Per‐O‐Acetylated Thioglycosides from Unprotected Sugars.
Authors: Yan Shiqiang , Ding Ning , Zhang Wei , Wang Peng , Li Yingxia , Li Ming 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAcetylation of various unprotected sugars, including 2‐deoxy‐2‐amino sugars, sialic acid, lactose, and maltose, with a stoichiometric amount of acetic anhydride followed by thioglycosidation with thiocresol furnishes the corresponding thioglycosides in good to high yield under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Galloylbergenin from Bergenia crassifolia with anti‐Lipid Droplet Accumulation Activity.
Authors: Janar Jenis , Fang Liang , Wong Chin Piow , Kaneda Toshio , Hirasawa Yusuke , Shahamnovna Burasheva Gauhar , Abduahitovich Abilov Zharylkasyn , Morita Hiroshi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe new galloylbergenin (I) is isolated from Bergenia crassifolia together with four known related compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: New Aspidofractinine, Aspidospermatan and Akuamiline Indole Alkaloids from the Roots of Kopsia singapurensis Ridl.
Authors: Ahmad Kartini , Hirasawa Yusuke , Nugroho Alfarius Eko , Hadi A. Hamid. A. , Morita Hiroshi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractStructures of three new aspidofractinines (I), (II), and (III), a new aspidospermatan (IV) and a new akuamiline (V) isolated from the roots of Kopsia singapurensis are elucidated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Antineoplastic Analogues of Aplysiatoxin with Various Side Chain Structures.
Authors: Shu Yuki , Yanagita Ryo C. , Tokuda Harukuni , Suzuki Nobutaka , Irie Kazuhiro 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA synthetic route to simplified analogues of aplysiatoxin (Ia‐c) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Fused γ‐Lactone/δ‐Lactone Core of Ophiodilactones.
Authors: Matsubara Takaaki , Takahashi Keisuke , Ishihara Jun , Hatakeyama Susumi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe desired compound (V) is prepared via an iodolactonization of intermediate carboxylic acid and an intramolecular epoxide‐opening reaction of ester (IV) as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (‐)‐FR901483.
Authors: Ieda Shigeru , Masuda Akitaka , Kariyama Mami , Wakimoto Toshiyuki , Asakawa Tomohiro , Fukuyama Tohru , Kan Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA stereocontrolled total synthesis of (‐)‐FR901483 (I) is presented.
Carbenium‐Ionen als reaktive Zwischenstufen
Authors: Schmitt Catharina , Wißner Oliver , Schween Michael 
Published: April 2013

AbstractFür das Verständnis der Mechanismen organisch‐chemischer Reaktionen kommen Strukturbetrachtungen von reaktiven Zwischenstufen eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Für den Chemieunterricht spielen vor allem Carbenium‐Ionen eine große Rolle. Mit der Betrachtung ihrer Stabilitäten anhand elektronischer Effekte und der Verknüpfung von Strukturaussagen mit den reaktionskinetischen Kernaussagen des Hammond‐Postulats und des Bell‐Evans‐Polanyi‐Prinzips werden beispielhaft didaktische Basiskonzepte miteinander verknüpft. Daraus ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, Beziehungen zwischen Struktureigenschaften, der Energetik von Reaktionsverläufen und deren Kinetiken herzustellen und zu verstehen. Mit den hier vorgestellten experimentellen Arrangements lassen sich mit kommerziell erhältlichen Chemikalien Carbenium‐Ionen als repräsentative Vertreter reaktiver Zwischenstufen erzeugen. Diese werden anhand der Farbänderung und der mit schulischen Mitteln messbaren Änderung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit der Reaktionslösungen nachgewiesen und können so in die Deutung von Reaktionsverläufen eingebunden werden.Reactive intermediates are very important for the understanding of mechanisms and kinetics of organic reactions and especially carbenium ions can be used as a starting point for various didactical purposes in chemical education. Using this approach, the discussion of stabilities of intermediate structures with the core issues of Hammond’s postulate and the Bell‐Evans‐Polanyi‐Principle leads to the connection of the basic didactic concepts of structure‐property relationships, energy and kinetics. By using commercially available precursors and reagents the generation of carbenium ions as a representative of such intermediates succeeds in very simple experimental set‐ups. A change in colours acts as an indicator for the existence of this species and the shift of the electrical conductivity can be regarded as suitable evidence under school conditions and can be used for the interpretation of reactions and their mechanisms.
Von der Mikro‐ zur Makrowelt
Authors: Maulbetsch Christoph , Habekost Achim 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDie didaktische Kontroverse um das Verhältnis zwischen Mikro‐ und Makrowelt wird aufgegriffen. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich die Eigenschaften von Stoffen nicht emergent, sondern aus den Eigenschaften der sie aufbauenden Teilchen experimentell und theoretisch bestimmen lassen. Cluster stellen die Bindeglieder zwischen Einzelteilchen‐ und Vielteilchensystemen dar. Anhand ausgewählter Eigenschaften von Clustern wird gezeigt, dass die Änderung der Eigenschaften als Funktion der Clustergröße kontinuierlich (und nicht sprunghaft) erfolgt. Einzelne Teilchen können mittlerweile präpariert und spektroskopiert werden. Dabei zeigt es sich, dass sich die Absorption von Mehrteilchenensembles nicht prinzipiell von der einzelner Teilchen unterscheidet.The didactic controversy regarding the relationship between the micro‐ and macro‐cosmos is re‐examined. It is shown that the properties of macroscopic matter are not emergent: they can be determined by experimental measurements and theoretical estimations of the properties of the microscopic particles composing the matter. Clusters link single particle‐ to many‐particle systems. In this paper, several properties of clusters are examined to show that they vary continuously (not discretely) as a function of cluster size. The spectra of single particles have been measured. It has been seen that, in general, the absorption features are not different from those of many‐particle ensembles.
Eucalyptus Trees – Ageratina adenophora Complex System: A New Eco‐environmental Protection Model
Authors: Yu Fuke , Huang Xinhui , Duan Changqun , Zhang Guosheng , Lu Shugang , Liu Chang'e , Fu Denggao , Shao Hongbo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractEucalyptus trees and Ageratina adenophora complex system, a new ecological phenomenon that is worthy of attention, was proposed firstly in this paper, and some scientific problems were summarized from the new phenomenon. Causes of the new phenomenon were analyzed tentatively from the perspective of ecology. It was pointed out that ecological degradation of Eucalyptus plantation and strong invasiveness of A. adenophora are two apparent reasons for formation of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora complex system. Basic view of the authors on causes of the new phenomenon was put forward that resistance unbalance between chemical defensive potential of Eucalyptus trees and chemical invasive potential of A. adenophora might be the fundamental reason for formation of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora complex system, based on the two apparent reasons respectively connected with allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora as dominant species of the complex system. Some proofs from studies on chemical components and biological activities of Eucalyptus species and A. adenophora have proved the basic view of the authors. It was discussed that formation of the complex system would influence some environmental elements such as soil environment, hydrology environment, and biology environment. It was proposed that three key scientific issues, namely chemical mechanism of formation of the complex system, ecological effects of formation of the complex system, and succession trends and impact factors of the complex system should be mainly studied as special researches to probe ecological relationship of exotic species because of absence study on the complex system and objective requirements of production practice in future. It was emphasized that the proposed researches might be of guidance significance to scientific management and sustainable operation of Eucalyptus plantation under the condition of biological invasion.
Association between race and follow‐up diagnostic care after a positive prostate cancer screening test in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian cancer screening trial
Authors: Barocas Daniel A. , Grubb Robert , Black Amanda , Penson David F. , Fowke Jay H. , Andriole Gerald , Crawford E. David 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUNDFollow‐through of a positive screening test is necessary to reap the potential benefits of cancer screening. Racial variation in follow‐through diagnostic care may underlie a proportion of the known disparity in prostate cancer mortality. The authors used data from the screening arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial to determine whether race is associated with the use of follow‐up diagnostic testing after a positive initial screening evaluation.METHODSMen who had a prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level >4 ng/mL at any time during the study were included. The proportion of men who underwent follow‐up evaluation with a repeat PSA, a prostate biopsy, or either test within 9 months was determined, and the authors tested for differences in follow‐through according to race using mixed‐effects multivariate models with a random effect for accrual site to account for clustering. Models were stratified according to age (<65 years and ≥65 years).RESULTSAmong 6294 men who had a PSA elevation during the study period, 70% underwent a repeat PSA or prostate biopsy within 9 months. Non‐Hispanic black men aged <65 years had 45% lower odds of undergoing a repeat PSA test or prostate biopsy compared with non‐Hispanic white men (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.37‐0.82), whereas there was no racial difference in follow‐through among older men.CONCLUSIONSThe current results suggest that limitations in access to care among non‐Hispanic black men under the age of Medicare eligibility may underlie the paradoxically low use of follow‐through diagnostic care among non‐Hispanic black men in the United States. Cancer 2013;119:2223–2229. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Muscarinic cholinergic receptor M1 in the rat basolateral amygdala: Ultrastructural localization and synaptic relationships to cholinergic axons
Authors: Muller Jay F. , Mascagni Franco , Zaric Violeta , McDonald Alexander J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMuscarinic neurotransmission in the anterior basolateral amygdalar nucleus (BLa) mediated by the M1 receptor (M1R) is critical for memory consolidation. Although knowledge of the subcellular localization of M1R in the BLa would contribute to an understanding of cholinergic mechanisms involved in mnemonic function, there have been no ultrastructural studies of this receptor in the BLa. In the present investigation, immunocytochemistry at the electron microscopic level was used to determine which structures in the BLa express M1R. The innervation of these structures by cholinergic axons expressing the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) was also studied. All perikarya of pyramidal neurons were labeled, and about 90% of dendritic shafts and 60% of dendritic spines were M1R+. Some dendrites had spines suggesting that they belonged to pyramidal cells, whereas others had morphological features typical of interneurons. M1R immunoreactivity (M1R‐ir) was also seen in axon terminals, most of which formed asymmetrical synapses. The main targets of M1R+ terminals forming asymmetrical synapses were dendritic spines, most of which were M1R+. The main targets of M1R+ terminals forming symmetrical synapses were M1R+ perikarya and dendritic shafts. About three‐quarters of VAChT+ cholinergic terminals formed synapses; the main postsynaptic targets were M1R+ dendritic shafts and spines. In some cases M1R‐ir was seen near the postsynaptic membrane of these processes, but in other cases it was found outside of the active zone of VAChT+ synapses. These findings suggest that M1R mechanisms in the BLa are complex, involving postsynaptic effects as well as regulating release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic terminals. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:1743–1759, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electronic Properties and Field‐Effect Transistors of Oligomers End‐Capped with Benzofuran Moieties
Authors: Mallet Charlotte , Didane Yahia , Watanabe Takeshi , Yoshimoto Noriyuki , Allain Magali , Videlot‐Ackermann Christine , Frère Pierre 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThree new oligomers bearing furan, thiophene, or bithiophene units end‐capped by benzofuran moieties were synthesized and studied with respect to their structural, optical, electrochemical, and electrical properties. A comparison of the electronic properties performed by theoretical calculation, absorption and emission spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry revealed a strong influence of the spacer unit with a predominant impact on the emission spectra. Although both compounds with thiophene or bithiophene as central units presented relatively low quantum yields of 30 and 17 %, respectively, a maximum yield up to 71 % was measured for the compound based on a central furan core. High‐vacuum‐evaporated thin films were investigated by X‐ray diffraction and AFM, before implementation as p‐type semiconducting layers in organic field‐effect transistors. Only derivatives with thiophene or bithiophene as central units presented a transistor activity, with mobilities up to approximately 1×10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Awareness and Coping with Emotion in Schizophrenia: Acceptability, Feasibility and Case Illustrations
Authors: Caponigro Janelle M. , Moran Erin K. , Kring Ann M. , Moskowitz Judith T. 
Published: April 2013

Although current treatments help to alleviate some of the symptoms of schizophrenia, people with schizophrenia often continue to experience residual symptoms. An emotion‐focused treatment approach may help to improve well‐being in this population by increasing positive experiences and resources. In this article, we discuss the feasibility and acceptability of a skills‐based group treatment for people schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. As part of the Awareness and Coping with Emotion in Schizophrenia (ACES) intervention, group members learned eight empirically supported cognitive and behavioural skills covering emotional awareness and coping. Group member feedback and three case illustrations illuminate participants' experiences with the group, as well as the potential benefits and challenges of this treatment approach. These data suggest that ACES is a feasible and acceptable group intervention. Future research is needed to examine whether ACES has a selective impact on well‐being, but these initial findings point to the promise of this intervention to improve quality of life for individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, thus filling a void in existing treatments options. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

There is a void in existing treatments for schizophrenia with few interventions focusing on increasing well‐being in this population.
Awareness and Coping with Emotion in Schizophrenia (ACES) is a skills‐based group intervention that teaches cognitive and behavioural interventions to promote awareness and coping with emotion.
Preliminary evidence demonstrates the feasibility and acceptance of the ACES group intervention in increasing well‐being in those with schizophrenia.
Future studies should extend this work by systematically evaluating the efficacy of this treatment approach.
Self‐Assembling Multivalency – Supramolecular Polymers Assembled from Monovalent Mannose‐Labelled Discotic Molecules
Authors: Petkau‐Milroy Katja , Brunsveld Luc 
Published: April 2013

AbstractSupramolecular synthesis, the “bottom‐up” construction of higher‐order structures from monomeric building blocks, represents a flexible approach for the generation of multivalent materials. Here, monovalent building blocks decorated with a single bioactive ligand were synthesized. In water, these supramolecular elements self‐assemble into columnar polymers that display multiple ligands. The supramolecular effect on the binding affinity was evaluated by using an enzyme‐linked lectin assay, and the self‐assembled architecture exhibited a stronger inhibitory power than that of the monovalent bioactive ligand. This so‐called self‐assembling multivalency enables the rapid and flexible generation of multivalent polymers from monovalent building blocks.
Stereoselective Organocatalytic Approach to α,β‐Disubstituted‐β‐amino Acids: A Short Enantioselective Synthesis of Cispentacin
Authors: Pou Ana , Moyano Albert 
Published: April 2013

Abstractα‐Branched α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes have been tested in the organocatalytic tandem Michael addition/cyclization with N‐(benzyloxycarbonyl)hydroxylamine, a reaction which until now has been restricted to α‐unsubstituted enals. Starting from cyclopentene‐2‐carbaldehyde, and using diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether as a chiral amine catalyst, this approach has led to the development of a practical, high yielding (93–98 % overall yield, three steps), and highly enantioselective (up to 98:2 er) route to the cyclic β‐amino acid cispentacin, which compares favourably with previously described asymmetric syntheses of this biologically active natural product. When using acyclic α‐branched α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes as substrates, the reaction yields depend on the substitution pattern of the aldehydes, and mixtures of cis‐ and trans‐isomers are obtained. Nevertheless, this strategy has proved to be successful in some instances, and (3R,4R)‐benzyl 3‐ethyl‐4‐methyl‐5‐oxoisoxazolidin‐2‐carboxylate could be obtained in 70 % overall yield (two steps) from the reaction of 2‐ethylcrotonaldehyde and N‐(benzyloxycarbonyl)hydroxylamine under catalysis with diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether, and with high enantiomeric purity (99:1 er).