bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Sensitivity Troponin I and Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Predict Heart Failure and Mortality in the General Population
Authors: McKie Paul M , AbouEzzeddine Omar F , Scott Christopher G , Mehta Ramila , Rodeheffer Richard J , Redfield Margaret M , Burnett John C , Jaffe Allan S 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays have potent prognostic value in stable cardiovascular disease cohorts. Our objective was to assess the prognostic utility of a novel cardiac troponin I (cTnI) high-sensitivity assay, independently and in combination with amino-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), for the future development of heart failure and mortality in the general community.

METHODS
A well-characterized community-based cohort of 2042 participants underwent clinical assessment and echocardiographic evaluation. Baseline measurements of cTnI with a high-sensitivity assay and NT-proBNP were obtained in 1843 individuals. Participants were followed for new-onset heart failure and mortality with median (25th, 75th percentile) follow-up of 10.7 (7.9, 11.6) and 12.1 (10.4, 13.0) years, respectively.

RESULTS
When measured with a high-sensitivity assay, cTnI greater than the sex-specific 80th percentile was independently predictive of heart failure [hazard ratio 2.56 (95% confidence interval 1.88–3.50), P &lt; 0.001] and mortality [1.91(1.49–2.46), P &lt; 0.001] beyond conventional risk factors in this community-based cohort, with significant increases in the net reclassification improvement for heart failure. The prognostic utility of cTnI measured with a high-sensitivity assay goes beyond NT-proBNP, yet our data suggest that these 2 assays are complementary and most beneficial when evaluated together in identifying at-risk individuals in the community.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings lay the foundation for prospective studies aimed at identification of individuals at high risk by use of a multimarker approach, followed by aggressive prevention strategies to prevent subsequent heart failure.
Refreshingly unconcerned with the vulgar exigencies of veracity and value judgement: The Utopian visions of Iain M. Banks’ The Culture and Constant’s New Babylon
Authors: Clear Nic 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Utopia has been one of the dominant ideas for many of the avant-garde movements that, since the enlightenment, have sought to use architectural means as part of a strategy to create an ‘ideal’ social order. If the utopian has lost its significance within the architecture of late capitalism, this article looks at ways in which that tradition is being maintained within the discourse of Science Fiction, where utopian concepts are bound to speculative engagements with new and imagined technologies. One of the most sustained recent attempts to develop and explore utopian ideas can be found in the science fiction novels and stories by Iain M. Banks set in the Culture. The Culture is a space-dwelling society developed by Banks over a series of nine full-length novels and a collection of short stories. The Culture is a technologically advanced post-scarcity civilization supervised by powerful Artificial Intelligences (AIs) called Minds and comprising trillions of ‘humanoid’ subjects living together with various forms of machine ‘life’ forms. In these stories, Iain M. Banks shows himself to be one of the most innovative writers on a possible future; while his writing is clearly fiction, it explicitly draws upon scientific, philosophical and political ideas, as well as extensive use of nanotechnology, genetic engineering and augmentation, augmented and virtual realities, and numerous forms of AI.
The article starts by mapping out a definition of science fiction with respect to Darko Suvin’s ‘novum’ and the concept, developed by Frederic Jameson following Suvin, that the utopian is itself a sub-genre of science fiction, and goes on to suggest that some of the most significant speculative avant-garde architectures of the last 100 years should be considered ‘as’ full-blown works of science fiction. This argument is developed through an analysis of one of the most far-reaching and politically explicit utopian projects – Constant Nieuwenhuys’ New Babylon, a society based on the concept of Homo Ludens and the use of automation that clearly shows the existence of a number of ‘novum’. The final section of the article is a detailed examination of Banks’ the Culture and shows how many of the themes of New Babylon reappear in Banks’ Culture novels. The purpose of looking at Banks in detail is to see how he is exploring, albeit through fiction, ambitious spatial and cultural models predicated on a post-scarcity civilization, as part of a direct lineage from New Babylon, and how this is a direct response to the very problems that are facing contemporary society. The article concludes by arguing that if architecture is to re-invigorate itself in the twenty-first century it needs to embrace its links to speculative discourses such as science fiction.
Karbala in Lucknow: An Itinerary of Architectural Mobility
Authors: Bartsch Katharine , Kamleh Elise 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Under the Shi’a Nawabs, the city of Lucknow connected the north Indian province of Awadh westward to Mughal Shahjahanabad, Persia and beyond. To the east, terrestrial and waterborne traffic linked Awadh to Bengal (under the East India Company), and on to China. Locating Lucknow amid political, economic, intellectual and spiritual routes, this article draws attention to the hybrid architecture that materialized diverse ideas and techniques, from the work of Vanbrugh to the Indo-Gangetic vernacular. Most intriguingly, the article examines portable models (known as taziya and zareeh) that were paraded through Lucknow to mourn the martyrdom of Shi’a Imam Husayn during Muharram. The travelogue of Mirza Abu Taleb Khan, who served in the sophisticated court of Asaf-ud-Daula (r.1775–97), offers an itinerary to interpret the intentionally hybrid architecture of Lucknow – including the imambaras where the models were housed – and to connect it to the city’s regional, continental and global networks. This hybridity has been criticized for its excess or dismissed as mimesis. However, a number of recent heritage surveys prompt fresh analysis. Despite this new scholarship, Lucknow has not been duly recognized as one of the most significant sites of exchange amidst a vast network of Eurasian architectural mobility in the eighteenth century.
Reviews
Authors: Koch Franziska , Robinson Luke , Stooke Andrew 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Installationskunst in China. Transkulturelle Reflexionsräume einer Genealogie des Performativen/Installation art in China. Transcultural spaces reflecting a genealogy of the performative, Series: Image, Vol. 45, Birgit Hopfener (2013) Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 325 pp., incl. 107 black/white illustrations, ISBN 978-3-8376-2201-0, p/bk, €36.80
The Body at Stake: Experiments in Chinese Contemporary Art and Theatre, Jörg Huber and Zhao Chuan (Eds) (2013) Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 278 pp., ISBN: 9783837623093, p/bk, €24.80
’Avant-Garde’ Art Groups in China, 1979–1989, Paul Gladston (2013) Bristol, UK: Intellect Books, 194 pp., ISBN 9781841507156, p/bk, £25.00
History and community in contemporary Chinese art
Authors: Berghuis Thomas J. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This article draws attention to ways in which contemporary Chinese art is linked discursively to history and community. Drawing on the notion that history lies suspended, including in the common discourse on contemporary Chinese art, the article examines the role of politics and aesthetics, and the aesthetic regime in Chinese art. Moving the discussion from art of the revolution to the multiple revolutions in contemporary Chinese art, the article points at important developments in combined socio-artistic projects in China focused on drawing attention to the links between art, cultural revolution and communal history. It also presents ways in which such links might be critically examined. The combined study of these socio-artistic projects and the prevailing aesthetic regime in China is intended as way of opening up a new perspective on the avant-garde in Chinese art today.
Care of the self
Authors: Huber Jörg , Kong Eva Lüdi 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Recent political, economic and cultural developments have changed people’s lives in China. Individuals now question themselves and present a challenge for each other. They are called upon as individuals and subjects to consider how they might determine and orient themselves within possible communities. The present calls for a reorientation toward tradition which is, however, running the risk of disappearing. Questions about ethical and moral positions, about values and ideals, are now a matter of great urgency within the context of a consumer culture offering seemingly unlimited possibilities. The contemporary art scene in China addresses this situation in manifold ways and often places the human body as a site for debate and negotiation at the centre of experiments and exhibitions. This article, an exchange of ideas between Eva Lüdi Kong and Jörg Huber, closely examines the current situation in China and its reflection in art. Referring to various concrete examples, Jörg Huber asks how these artworks approach the ‘body as a theme’. His reflections also consider the situation ‘in the West’, where the question of the body and subjectification (biopolitics, self-care, forms of life, psychopower, etc.) is highly topical (Foucault, Agamben, Buter, etc.). Eva Lüdi Kong responds to these reflections by drawing on Chinese philosophy and cultural, situating them in relation to a larger context (the Confucian cultivation of the self) as well as shedding light on important terms and concepts.
Communication and character change in Un cuento chino
Authors: Deveny Thomas 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In Un cuento chino/Chinese Take-Out (Borensztein, 2011), the protagonist, Roberto, is a misanthropic character who unexpectedly has an encounter with the Other: Jun, a Chinese immigrant who enters his life. Unlike other migration films, the emphasis here is on the Argentine protagonist. Communication is a key theme on multiple levels, and the interaction between Roberto and Jun results in transculturation. The lack of subtitles for the Chinese immigrant means that both the Argentine characters and the audience have to understand his non-verbal communication. Roberto and his friend Mari also use this type of communication with Jun and between themselves. Non-verbal communication theories (kinesics, vocalics, oculesics, proxemics and haptics) give us deeper insights into how this communication functions. Besides the gestures, body movement, eye behaviour and voice behaviour, two other non-verbal forms of communication with connotative meaning – photography and painting – are crucial to the film. The polysemic image of the cow initially represents death for Jun, but then life and love for both him and Roberto. Ultimately, this intercultural encounter causes Roberto to undergo a change in character. Communication, intercultural and otherwise, turns out to be the key to happiness.
Alegorías de miedo. El cine fantástico español en los tiempos de la Transición
Authors: Gómez Iván , de Felipe Fernando 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The importance of horror films made in Spain has long been obscured by the greater public presence of other genres and the force that auteur cinema has had in the contexts of production in recent decades. Spanish horror cinema, however, may also boast of a tradition with important directors such as Jesús Franco, Amando de Ossorio, Paul Naschy, Narciso Ibáñez Serrador or Juan Piquer Simón. The purpose of this article is to investigate the discourses around the films of these authors, among others, produced in the aftermath of the Franco years and during the Spanish Transition involving political content, social criticism and militant attitudes, marked in allegorical styles and shaped by the coordinates of the horror genre. The research aims to determine the level of political, ideological and social criticism that these largely forgotten films contain, and which constitute an authentic history of the ‘other Spanish cinema’.
New formats, new audiences: Metrópolis (TVE2, 1985–) as a cultural TV programme in democratic Spain
Authors: Merás Lidia 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Metrópolis (1985–) is a key programme in the history of Spanish television, a cultural space aimed at minorities, which responded to the new concerns of a young, urban audience after the recent transition to democracy. In the early years, Metrópolis was directed by Alejandro Gómez Lavilla at a time when video was considered to be a revolutionary kind of technology, broadening horizons in the audiovisual field and facilitating democratic dissemination of the image. Aware of the tool they had in their hands, its promoters participated in the creation of a format that used a new language, anticipating many of the creative ventures that would later be undertaken, in imitation, by other channels. Given its undeniable interest as a ‘period product’, this study examine its early development and formal innovations during the first decade of a programme that became a model in terms of cultural television broadcasting during the early years of democracy.
Material properties in unconfined compression of gelatin hydrogel for skin tissue engineering applications
Authors: Karimi Alireza , Navidbakhsh Mahdi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractGelatin (Gel) has been reported as a promising candidate in tissue engineering owing to its easy availability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Gel hydrogel is of potential to be cross-linked with different materials to enhance their biocompatibility for cell culture for tissue engineering applications. The mechanical properties of this versatile material, however, have not been thoroughly determined. In this study, the linear elastic (Young’s modulus and maximum stress) and non-linear hyperelastic (hyperelastic coefficients) mechanical properties of prepared hydrogels at different contents of Gel (wt%) were measured, and its Young’s modulus was compared with that of skin tissue. The prepared cylindrical Gel hydrogels were subjected to a series of unconfined compression tests. The hyperelastic strain energy density function was calibrated using the compressive experimental data. The potential ability of the Yeoh hyperelastic constitutive equation, which has been proposed as the best material model to represent the non-linear behavior of hydrogels, was verified using finite element (FE) simulations. The results revealed that the Young’s modulus and maximum stress of hydrogels are increased by the addition of Gel. The highest Young’s modulus (81 kPa) and maximum stress (24 kPa) were observed for hydrogels with 15 wt% Gel. Results also showed that the hydrogels with a relatively lower content (<7.5 wt%) of Gel have suitable Young’s modulus compared with those with a higher content (>7.5 wt%) for skin tissue engineering. The Yeoh material model was closely fitted with the experimental data and could be used in further biomechanical simulations of the hydrogels. The experimental results were also compared well with those predicted by the FE models. The results of this study might have implications not only for the understanding of the mechanical properties of Gel hydrogel but also for the fabrication of polymeric substrate materials suitable for skin tissue engineering applications.
The interpretation of encapsulating anaphors in Spanish and their functions
Authors: Dam Lotte 
Published: July 2014

Abstract Encapsulating anaphors differ from other types of anaphor by having one or more situations - not an entity - as its referent. The main aim of the article is to propose a hypothesis for how anaphoric encapsulation is resolved. The hypothesis builds on the cognitive linguistic theory of instructional semantics to suggest that anaphoric encapsulation provides instructions for the interpretive process, leading to the resolution of the anaphoric relation. A secondary aim is to illustrate various functions of this type of anaphor
The birth of a new resultative construction in Spanish: A corpus-based description
Authors: Arrizabalaga Beatriz Rodriguez 
Published: July 2014

Abstract The Spanish prepositional phrase hasta la muerte ‘to death’, in addition to its emphatic and intensifying function (e.g. Hay que animar al equipo hasta la muerte ‘The team must be supported wholeheartedly (lit. to death)’), over the last few years developed a resultative function (e.g. Las mujeres fueron torturadas hasta la muerte ‘The women were tortured to death’; Lo apedrearon hasta la muerte ‘They stoned him to death’), equivalent to the one displayed by the English resultatives dead and to death (e.g. He shot the president dead; He stabbed the president to death). Until recently, however, the construction containing the prepositional resultative hasta la muerte was considered ungrammatical, a literal calque from English. Its attested presence in the Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual, albeit at low frequency levels, and its frequent occurrence nowadays in the Spanish mass media, clearly show that this construction is now making its way into the Spanish language
Heat kernel and Lipschitz–Besov spaces
Authors: Grigor'yan Alexander , Liu Liguang 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
On a metric measure space (M,ρ,μ) we consider a family
of Lipschitz–Besov spaces

Λ

p
,
q

s

${\Lambda _{p,q}^{s}}$

that is defined only
using the metric ρ and measure μ, and a family of
Besov spaces

B

p
,
q

s

${B_{p,q}^{s}}$

that is defined using
an auxiliary self-adjoint operator L
and the associated heat semigroup. Under certain assumptions about the heat
kernel of L, we prove the identity of the two families of the function
spaces.
Fucoidans as a platform for new anticoagulant drugs discovery
Authors: Ustyuzhanina Nadezhda E. , Ushakova Natalia A. , Preobrazhenskaya Marina E. , Bilan Maria I. , Tsvetkova Eugenia A. , Krylov Vadim B. , Anisimova Natalia A. , Kiselevskiy Mikhail V. , Krukovskaya Nadezhda V. , Li Chunxia , Yu Guangli , Saran Saurabh , Saxena Rajendra K. , Usov Anatolii I. , Nifantiev Nikolay E. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAnionic fucose-containing polysaccharides (fucoidans of brown seaweeds, sulfated fucans and fucosylated chondroitin sulfates of invertebrates) are attracting a rapidly growing research interest due to different types of their biological activity discovered in recent years. In particular, algal fucoidans are characterized by large structural variations depending on the species used for their isolation and by the lack of structural regularity due to random distribution of both carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate substituents along the polymer chains. These features make it difficult to find distinct correlations between structural elements and biological properties of polysaccharides. Nevertheless, there is expectation that systematic structural and biochemical studies of fucoidans will form a basis for the development of new drugs. Herewith we summarize our recent results on the influence of fucoidan structure on blood coagulation.
Insights into the extraction behavior of U(VI) in Aliquat-336 based ionic liquids
Authors: Rama R. , Kumaresan R. , Venkatesan K. A. , Antony M. P. , Vasudeva Rao P. R. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The extraction behavior of U(VI) in the PUREX solvent namely 1.1 M tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) in n-dodecane (n-DD)
was studied in the presence and absence of the ionic liquid, tri-n-octylmethylammonium bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
([A336]+ [DEHP]
–
). The discrepancy in the extraction behavior observed in these systems was probed by measuring the distribution
ratio of U(VI) as a function of various parameters. The distribution ratio of U(VI) in 0.03 M
[A336]+ [DEHP]
–
/n-DD decreased with increase in the concentration of nitric acid. The extraction of U(VI) was
accompanied by the extraction of nitric acid leading to the formation of ionic liquid constituents namely
tri-n-octylmethylammonium nitrate ([A336]+ [NO3]
–
and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP). Therefore, the
distribution ratio of U(VI) in the PUREX solvent was measured in the presence of these constituents also. The study revealed
that extraction of U(VI) was controlled essentially by the synergistic contribution of TBP and the constituents of ionic liquid.
An attempt to select thermodynamic data and to evaluate the solubility of radioelements with uncertainty under HLW disposal
conditions
Authors: Yamaguchi Tetsuji , Takeda Seiji , Nishimura Yuki , Iida Yoshihisa , Tanaka Tadao 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
An attempt was made to select thermodynamic data with
uncertainties and to evaluate the solubility of radioelements with
uncertainties considering the uncertainties of the thermodynamic data and
variation in groundwater chemistry. The thermodynamic data were selected by
reviewing the JAEA-TDB released in 2012 from the viewpoint of consistency of
the data selection process, the conservativeness of the solubility
evaluation and testing up-to-date data. A Monte Carlo-based probabilistic
solubility calculation code, PA-SOL, was used for the uncertainty analysis
of the solubility.
The uncertainty analysis for the solubility of 13 elements showed large
uncertainties for Nb, Tc and U. The variations in pH, pe and total carbonate
concentration assumed in this study induce significant uncertainties to the
evaluated solubility. The reactions whose log K
0 with uncertainties
induce significant uncertainties to the evaluated solubilities were
identified.
Phenotypic bistability in Escherichia coli's central carbon metabolism
Authors: Kotte Oliver , Volkmer Benjamin , Radzikowski Jakub L , Heinemann Matthias 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFluctuations in intracellular molecule abundance can lead to distinct, coexisting phenotypes in isogenic populations. Although metabolism continuously adapts to unpredictable environmental changes, and although bistability was found in certain substrate‐uptake pathways, central carbon metabolism is thought to operate deterministically. Here, we combine experiment and theory to demonstrate that a clonal Escherichia coli population splits into two stochastically generated phenotypic subpopulations after glucose‐gluconeogenic substrate shifts. Most cells refrain from growth, entering a dormant persister state that manifests as a lag phase in the population growth curve. The subpopulation‐generating mechanism resides at the metabolic core, overarches the metabolic and transcriptional networks, and only allows the growth of cells initially achieving sufficiently high gluconeogenic flux. Thus, central metabolism does not ensure the gluconeogenic growth of individual cells, but uses a population‐level adaptation resulting in responsive diversification upon nutrient changes.