bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First observations of quasi 120 day oscillation in Mesospheric winds and temperature: Observations inferred from Meteor Radar
Authors: Das Siddarth Shankar , Kishore Kumar Karanam , Ramkumar Geetha 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFor the first time, the presence of quasi 120 day oscillation in the neutral winds and temperature at mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, measured using meteor wind radar over an equatorial station Thumba (8.5°N, 76.5°E) is discussed. The amplitudes of quasi 120 day oscillation as a function of height have been established over Thumba. The origin of the quasi 120 day oscillation in geophysical parameters at MLT heights are discussed in terms of the atmospheric angular momentum, F10.7, and Lyman‐alpha solar flux and nonlinear interactions between annual and semiannual oscillations. The significance of the present study lies in providing the observational evidence for quasi 120 day oscillation in the MLT region and in discussing the possible source mechanisms for the observed oscillation.
Nanoparticle Transport in Epithelial Cells: Pathway Switching Through Bioconjugation
Authors: Fowler Robyn , Vllasaliu Driton , Trillo Francisco Fernández , Garnett Martin , Alexander Cameron , Horsley Helen , Smith Bryan , Whitcombe Ian , Eaton Mike , Stolnik Snow 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe understanding and control of nanoparticle transport into and through cellular compartments is central to biomedical applications of nanotechnology. Here, it is shown that the transport pathway of 50 nm polystyrene nanoparticles decorated with vitamin B12 in epithelial cells is different compared to both soluble B12 ligand and unmodified nanoparticles, and this is not attributable to B12 recognition alone. Importantly, the study indicates that vitamin B12‐conjugated nanoparticles circumnavigate the lysosomal compartment, the destination of soluble vitamin B12 ligand. Whereas cellular trafficking of soluble B12 is confirmed to occur via the clathrin‐mediated pathway, transport of B12‐conjugated nanoparticles appears to predominantly take place by a route that is perturbed by caveolae‐specific inhibitors. This data suggests that, following its conjugation to nanoparticles, in addition to dramatically increasing the cellular uptake of nanoparticles, the normal cell trafficking of B12 is switched to an alternative pathway, omitting the lysosomal stage: a result with important implications for oral delivery of nanoparticulate diagnostics and therapeutics.
Direct Growth of Polyaniline Chains from N‐Doped Sites of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Haq Atta Ul , Lim Joonwon , Yun Je Moon , Lee Won Jun , Han Tae Hee , Kim Sang Ouk 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPolymer grafting from graphitic carbon materials has been pursued for several decades. Unfortunately, currently available methods mostly rely on the harsh chemical treatment of graphitic carbons which causes severe degradation of chemical structure and material properties. A straightforward growth of polyaniline chain from the nitrogen (N)‐doped sites of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is presented. N‐doping sites along the CNT wall nucleate the polymerization of aniline, which generates seamless hybrids consisting of polyaniline directly grafted onto the CNT walls. The resultant materials exhibit excellent synergistic electrochemical performance, and can be employed for charge collectors of supercapacitors. This approach introduces an efficient route to hybrid systems consisting of conducting polymers directly grafted from graphitic dopant sites.
JGroovy: An alternative approach to implement extensible Java compiler
Authors: Sateanpattanakul Siwadol , Hamamoto Kazuhiko , Walairacht Aranya 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe main reason for the invention of computer programming languages is for these languages to express a command‐to‐control machine behavior. Some of these programming languages have specific advantages that are used in specific environments such as structured query language (SQL), hypertext markup language (HTML), and spreadsheet. The common definitions of these languages are domain‐specific languages (DSLs). Although DSLs are the best way to deal with specific systems, it is hard to use with other environments or platforms. Groovy is a dynamic programming language that runs on the Java virtual machine. Groovy has some features that allow programmers to manage DSLs within its unique style. Groovy has some disadvantages because it does not support all Java features and syntax while also producing unnecessary byte code during compilation. This paper proposes an extended‐architecture technique to implement a computer programming language and compiler through extending Java with Groovy language. The extensible language is called ‘JGroovy’. And JGroovy is supported both by Java and Groovy language. We implement the compiler for JGroovy and call it the ‘JGroovy compiler’ (JGC). By its extended architecture, JGC is more compatible for Java source code than Javac can claim to be. And it also produces a better and more compact byte code than the Groovy compiler, with an approximate improvement of 8–12%. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
So Long, Robot Reader! A Superhero Intervention Plan for Improving Fluency
Authors: Marcell Barclay , Ferraro Christine 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis article presents an engaging means for turning disfluent readers into prosody superstars. Each week students align with Poetry Power Man and his superhero friends to battle the evil Robot Reader and his sidekicks. The Fluency Foursome helps students adhere to the multidimensional aspects of fluency where expression and comprehension are addressed along with rate and accuracy. By the end of the week, students are flying through phrases, leaving Robot Reader in the dust!
Years Later, Comprehension Strategies Still at Work
Authors: Keene Ellin Oliver , Zimmermann Susan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn this article, authors Ellin Oliver Keene and Susan Zimmermann reflect on comprehension strategy instruction 15 years after the publication of their book, Mosaic of Thought: Teaching Comprehension in a Reader's Worskhop. They reassert their claim that to teach comprehension well, we must first read widely and scrutinize our own reading processes. They begin by using the structure from Mosaic of Thought in which they respond to a short selection to demonstrate the thinking strategies at work. Keene and Zimmermann report on the heartening progress in students’ comprehension learning in the last 15 years but also caution that comprehension strategies are a means to an end, not the end goal in comprehension. They recommend ways for teachers to maximize comprehension strategy instruction in an era dominated by assessment and the Common Core State Standards.
Concurrent conservative and reactive tracer tests in a stream undergoing hyporheic exchange
Authors: Lemke Dennis , Liao Zijie , Wöhling Thomas , Osenbrück Karsten , Cirpka Olaf A. 
Published: May 2013

Key Points
concurrent tests of conservative and reactive tracers in streams
joint analysis of the tracers improved the estimation of hyporheic parameters
Markov chain Monte Carlo methods used to infer parameter distributions
Iatrogenic Vascular Injuries With Lethal Outcome
Authors: Rudström H. , Bergqvist D. , Björck M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aim was to study the nature of iatrogenic vascular injuries (IVIs) associated with postoperative death within 30 days.MethodsPatients who had undergone vascular surgery for IVIs and were reported prospectively to the Swedish national vascular registry during 1987–2008 were identified. They were cross‐checked with the national population registry. Those who died within 30 days of surgery were studied regarding case records and death certificates.ResultsA total of 56 patients with postoperative death within 30 days after IVI were identified. Among them, 52 case records were retrieved (93 %). In 24 cases the IVIs were caused by puncture during endovascular procedures (13 hemorrhage, 11 occlusive thrombosis), 11 by penetrating trauma during open surgery, 6 by occlusion after external compression, 6 by percutaneous accidental arterial puncture. Main symptoms were peripheral ischemia (19/52, 37 %), external bleeding (14, 27 %), and hypovolemic shock without external bleeding (10, 19 %). Main specialties involved were interventional radiology (n = 18), general surgery (n = 9), and interventional cardiology (n = 8). Overall, 22 (42 %) were avoidable, and only 13 (25 %) underwent autopsy. Within 2 weeks, 36 patients (69 %) were dead. Also, there was a higher proportion with uncertain correlation between IVI and death.ConclusionsInterventional radiology, general surgery, and cardiology are the main specialities involved in IVIs with lethal outcome. Not all fatalities after IVI are attributable to the injury itself, but almost half of the injuries were considered avoidable.
The acetylation degree of alginates in Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC9046 is determined by dissolved oxygen and specific growth rate: studies in glucose-limited chemostat cultivations
Authors: Castillo Tania , Galindo Enrique , Peña Carlos F 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Alginates are polysaccharides that may be used as viscosifiers and gel or film-forming agents with a great diversity of applications. The alginates produced by bacteria such as Azotobacter vinelandii are acetylated. The presence of acetyl groups in this type of alginate increases its solubility, viscosity, and swelling capability. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in glucose-limited chemostat cultivations of A. vinelandii ATCC9046, the influence of dissolved oxygen tension (DO) and specific growth rate (μ) on the degree of acetylation of alginates produced by this bacterium. In glucose-limited chemostat cultivations, the degree of alginate acetylation was evaluated under two conditions of DO (1 and 9 %) and for a range of specific growth rates (0.02–0.15 h−1). In addition, the alginate yields and PHB production were evaluated. High DO in the culture resulted in a high degree of alginate acetylation, reaching a maximum acetylation degree of 6.88 % at 9 % DO. In contrast, the increment of μ had a negative effect on the production and acetylation of the polymer. It was found that at high DO (9 %) and low μ, there was a reduction of the respiration rate, and the PHB accumulation was negligible, suggesting that the flux of acetyl-CoA (the acetyl donor) was diverted to alginate acetylation.
Effect of Branched Alcohols on Phase Behavior and Physicochemical Properties of Winsor IV Microemulsions
Authors: Thampi Neetha V. , Ojha Keka , Nair Udayabhanu G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe microemulsion phase behavior and physicochemical properties of surfactant–water–alcohol–oil systems are the pioneer laboratory study as a function of alcohol, water content and temperature to develop an experimental investigation for a better understanding of the microstructure of a single phase microemulsion and its stability under reservoir condition during hydraulic fracturing to recover the residual trapped oil. Viscosified surfactants are used as an efficient proppant conducting medium in hydraulic fracturing applications. The physicochemical properties of microemulsions are very helpful for characterization of microemulsions to justify their abilities and screening of surfactants. In the study, two branched alcohols, 2‐methyl butan‐2‐ol, 3‐methyl butan‐1‐ol selected as the cosurfactant in the proposed microemulsion system and their effect in tailoring the viscosity of microemulsions were studied. Microemulsion regions elucidated from Winsor's pseudophase model of an oleate surfactant show a signatory distribution pattern of components between different domains with non‐polar and asymmetric geometry of cosurfactant directs macromolecular alignments; their alignment contributes to a viscous microemulsions (gel) regime. The effect of surfactant and alkali, and the experimental temperature on the rheological properties of the lamellar mesophase were investigated. Phase transit regions and exact microemulsion and viscous microemulsion magnitudes were elucidated with the help of conductivity and viscosity studies of the ternary system as a function of the aqueous fraction and were in good agreement with Winsor's pseudophase model. Dynamic and steady shear rheological studies showed that the gel is viscoelastic in nature, sustain viscosity and elastic modulus values appropriate for proppant suspension under high shear conditions. The proppant suspension and thermal behavior of ideal gel composition was found to be suitable for Coal Bed Methane and soft rock, clay reservoir stimulation.
The Challenge of Measuring Emergency Preparedness: Integrating Component Metrics to Build System-Level Measures for Strategic National Stockpile Operations
Authors: Jackson Brian A. , Faith Kay Sullivan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectiveAlthough significant progress has been made in measuring public health emergency preparedness, system-level performance measures are lacking. This report examines a potential approach to such measures for Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) operations.MethodsWe adapted an engineering analytic technique used to assess the reliability of technological systems—failure mode and effects analysis—to assess preparedness. That technique, which includes systematic mapping of the response system and identification of possible breakdowns that affect performance, provides a path to use data from existing SNS assessment tools to estimate likely future performance of the system overall.ResultsSystems models of SNS operations were constructed and failure mode analyses were performed for each component. Linking data from existing assessments, including the technical assistance review and functional drills, to reliability assessment was demonstrated using publicly available information. The use of failure mode and effects estimates to assess overall response system reliability was demonstrated with a simple simulation example.ConclusionsReliability analysis appears an attractive way to integrate information from the substantial investment in detailed assessments for stockpile delivery and dispensing to provide a view of likely future response performance.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:96-104)
Proposals for Aligning Disaster Health Competency Models
Authors: Schor Kenneth W. , Altman Brian A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTo standardize the key building blocks of disaster health competency models (content, structure, and process), we recommend a reinterpretation of the research, development, test, and evaluation construct (RDT&E) as a novel organizing framework for creating and presenting disaster health competency models. This approach seeks to foster national alignment of disaster health competencies. For scope and completeness, model developers should consider the need and identify appropriate content in at least 4 broad areas: disaster-type domain, systems domain, clinical domain, and public health domain. The whole disaster health competency model should reflect the challenges of the disaster setting to acknowledge the realities of disaster health practice and to shape the education and workforce development flowing from the model. Additional issues for consideration are whether competency models should address response and recovery just-in-time learning and whether the concept of “daily routine doctrine” can contribute to disaster health competency models. The recommendations seek to establish a strategic reference point for disaster competency model alignment within the health workforce.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:8-12)
Factors Related to Furniture Anchoring: A Method for Reducing Harm During Earthquakes
Authors: Haraoka Tomoko , Hayasaka Shinya , Murata Chiyoe , Yamaoka Taiji , Ojima Toshiyuki 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectiveFatalities and injuries during an earthquake can be reduced by taking preemptive measures before-hand, and furniture anchoring is an important safety measure for all residents. This study sought to clarify the factors associated with furniture anchoring within the home.MethodsA self-administered mail survey was completed from July to August 2010 by 3500 men and women between the ages of 20 and 69 years who were chosen at random from an official government resident registry of 2 cities in Japan.ResultsOf the 1729 valid responses, 37.1% reported furniture anchoring. An association with furniture anchoring was observed for having viewed earthquake intensity maps or damage predictions (odds ratio [OR] 1.92, 95% C1 1.54-2.39), expressing concern about a future earthquake (OR 2.07, 95% C1 1.36-3.15), feelings of urgency (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.47-2.45), accuracy of the government disaster preparedness information (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.17-2.42), knowledge of the meaning of emergency earthquake warnings (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.12-2.48), and participation in voluntary disaster preparedness activities (OR 1.40, 95% C1 1.12-1.75).ConclusionsFurniture anchoring was found to be associated with risk awareness, risk perception, disaster preparedness information provided by government to residents, knowledge of earthquakes, participation in voluntary disaster preparedness activities, nonwooden structures, and marital status. An increase in furniture anchoring is important and can be achieved through education and training in daily life. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:55-64)
Rethinking the British World
Authors: Pietsch Tamson 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis article rethinks the concept of the “British World” by paying close attention to the voices of those who attended the 1903 Allied Colonial Universities Conference. They identified not one, but three different kinds of British world space. Mapped, respectively, by ideas and emotions, by networks and exchange, and by the specific sites of empire, this article suggests that, in the light of criticisms the British World concept has faced, and in the context of recent scholarship on the social and material production of space, this tripartite approach might offer a useful framework for British and imperial historians interested in the history of the global.
Charles I and the Order of the Garter
Authors: Cust Richard 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe reforms in the rites and ceremonies of the Order of the Garter that Charles I introduced during the 1620s and 1630s have traditionally been seen by historians as enhancing its high church, religious associations and downplaying its military traditions. This study, however, argues that the celebration of courage, martial achievement, and noble companionship remained central themes within the order during this period and that this tells us a good deal about how Charles understood his relationship with his nobles, and the honorific and chivalric values that lay at the heart of his kingship.
The Effect of Southern State Bond Repudiation and British Debt Collection Efforts on Anglo-American Relations, 1840–1940
Authors: Lester V. Markham 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBritish officials' largely negative impression of the United States caused by America's intransigence in allowing renegotiation of Britain's First World War debts must be viewed against a backdrop of a longstanding debtor-creditor relationship between the two nations. Since the mid-nineteenth century, British creditors, largely through the efforts of the London-based Corporation of Foreign Bondholders, vigorously yet unsuccessfully attempted to collect large debts on repudiated American state bonds. This article provides greater understanding of this history and shows that the nineteenth-century debt controversy might well have been avoided to the economic benefit of the British and particularly the American South.
Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor variants combined effect on schizophrenia susceptibility
Authors: Yang Xue-xi , Zhu An-na , Li Fen-xia , Zhang Zhong-xiang , Li Ming 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationships between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inNOTCH4and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with schizophrenia among Han Chinese in Southern China.MethodsTwoNOTCH4SNPs (rs520688 and rs415929) and twoBDNFSNPs (rs2030324 and rs12273539) were examined in 464 schizophrenics and 464 healthy controls from Hunan province in South China, using the Sequenom MassARRAY®iPLEX System.ResultsIn the study population, rs520688 and rs2030324 were significantly associated with schizophrenia. A decreased risk of schizophrenia was associated with the rs520688 GA genotype (p= 0.035), whereas an increased risk of schizophrenia was associated with the rs2030324 CC/CT genotype (p= 0.044). The genotype distributions of rs415929 inNOTCH4and rs12273539 inBDNFdid not differ significantly between the case and control groups. Although no allele–allele interactions were detected between rs520688 and rs2030324, recombination analysis revealed a combined effect of the two on the susceptibility to schizophrenia, with GA-TT decreasing and CT/CC-GG/GA increasing the risk of schizophrenia.ConclusionIn conclusion, rs520688 inNOTCH4and rs2030324 inBDNFare significantly associated with schizophrenia among Han Chinese in Southern China. The two had a combined effect on the susceptibility to schizophrenia among Han Chinese in Southern China, but this may not be caused by an allele–allele interaction.
Mixing Politics and Business in the Canadian Arctic: Inuit Corporate Governance in Nunavik and the Inuvialuit Settlement Region
Authors: Wilson Gary N. , Alcantara Christopher 
Published: May 2013

Abstract.Over the past three decades, Inuit economic development corporations (IEDCs) have played an important role in preparing the Inuit regions of Nunavik in northern Québec and the Inuvialuit Settlement Region in the Northwest Territories for self-government. In addition to building vital capacity through the provision of services, programs and economic opportunities, IEDCs have also represented their respective regions in self-government negotiations with other levels of government. This corporate-led governance approach, which we call Inuit corporate governance, provides Aboriginal groups such as the Inuit with a de facto form of self-government and the opportunity to develop economic and political capacity in advance of adopting a more comprehensive and formal self-government arrangement. It also challenges existing assumptions about the relationship between Aboriginal peoples and the liberal–capitalist order that underpins the Canadian state.Résumé.Durant les trois dernières décennies, les Institutions de développement économique des Inuits ont joué un rôle important en préparation à l'auto-gouvernance de la population Inuit du Nunavik, dans le Nord-du-Québec, et de l'Inuvialuit, dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest. En plus d'avoir permis le développement d'habiletés cruciales dans le domaine de l'offre de services, de programmes et d'opportunités de développement économique, les Institutions ont également contribué, à titre de représentantes de leurs régions respectives, lors de la négociation d'ententes portant sur l'auto-gouvernance avec divers paliers de gouvernement. Cette approche de gouvernance corporative Inuit fournit aux groupes autochtones, tels les Inuits, une forme d'auto-gouvernancede factoqui génère pour eux des opportunités de se développer économiquement et politiquement, en préparation à l'adoption d'un modèle d'auto-gouvernance plus élaboré et formel. Cette approche soulève également bien des questions quant aux fondements de la relation qui existe entre les peuples autochtones et l'ordre libéral capitaliste qui sous-tend l'État canadien.