bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
أثر تدريب المهام المزدوجة في القدرة الانفجارية وبعض المهارات المركبة لناشئي كرة اليد 14-16 سنة
Authors: Asst. Lect. Mustafa Ahmed Kadhem  , Prof. Dr. Ahmed Youssef Miteb  , Prof. Dr. Haider Muhammad Abdel Hadi3  
Published: July 2024

تتسم لعبة كرة اليد الحديثة بسرعة وقوة الاداء طيلة فترة المباراة وهذا يتطلب من اللاعبين امتلاك مستوى عال من المهارات المركبة بالإضافة مستوى مناسب من التكيفات الوظيفية التي تؤهلهم للاستمرار بالأداء الإيجابي والفعال حتى نهاية المباراة. من خلال خبرة الباحثون في مجال اللعبة وملاحظتهم للتدريبات الميدانية لاحظوا ان التدريب يتسم بالبساطة وغالبية التمارين تتضمن مهمة واحدة وواجب حركي محدد مما يجعل مستوى الأداء وخصاصة البدنية و الفنية لدى اللاعبين لا تنسجم مع متطلبات المباريات في لعبة كرة اليد التي تتميز بالديناميكية الاحداث بالإضافة الى المهام الفنية والخططية المتزامنة والمتتابعة التي يتطلبها التفوق في المباريات لذى ارتأى الباحثين استعمال تمرينات المهام المزدوجة كوسيلة تدريبية حديثة لتعقيد الاحمال التدريبية لغرض تطوير القدرة الانفجارية وادائهم المهاري المركب في لعبة كرة اليد. وكانت اهداف البحث اعداد تمرينات المهام مزدوجة للاعبين كرة اليد بأعمار 14 – 16 سنة ومعرفة تأثير تمرينات المهام المزدوجة في القدرة الانفجارية وبعض المهارات المركبة لدى لاعبي كرة اليد بأعمار 14 – 16 سنة. إنٌ مشكلة البحث هي التي تحدد نوع المنهج المستعمل الذي يختاره الباحثون للوصول إلى النتائج المطلوبة لذا استعمل الباحثون المنهج التجريبي بتصميم (المجموعتين التجريبية-الضابطة) بالاختبار القبلي والبعدي لملائمته لطبيعة ومشكلة البحث تم تحديد مجتمع البحث بلاعبي كرة اليد الناشئين في نادي كربلاء الرياضي والبالغ عددهم (28) لاعب قسموا على مجموعتين تجريبية وضابطة قوام كل مجموعة (14) لاعب. تم تنفيذ التمرينات بواقع 3 وحدات في الأسبوع ولمدة ثمانية أسابيع في الاعداد الخاص للفريق، حيث تشكل التمرينات جزء من القسم الرئيس، استخدم الباحثون الحقيبة الإحصائية (spss) في تحليل نتائج البحث.
Widespread disruption of resonant chains during protoplanetary disk dispersal
Authors: Hansen Bradley M S , Yu Tze-Yeung , Hasegawa Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2024

We describe the evolution of low mass planets in a dispersing protoplanetary disk around a Solar mass star. The disk model is based on the results of , which describes a region of the inner disk where the direction of the migration torque is outwards due to the diffusion of the stellar magnetic field into the disk and the resultant gradual increase in surface density outwards. We demonstrate that the magnetospheric rebound phase in such a disk leads to diverging orbits for double and triple planet systems, and the disruption of a high fraction of the initial resonant chains. We present simulations of three planet systems, with masses based on the observed triple planet systems observed by the Kepler satellite, within the context of this model. The final distribution of nearest neighbour period ratios provides an excellent fit to the observations, provided that the initial configurations {}. The occurrence rate of planets as a function of orbital period also provides a good match to the observations, for final orbital periods P<20~days. These results suggest that the period and period ratio distributions of low mass planets are primarily set in place during the disk dispersal epoch, and may not require significant dynamical evolution thereafter.
THE PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS REGARDING GENDER EQUALITY POLICIES IN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Titili Denisa , Nikaj Irena 
Published: July 2024

The study is about the perceptions of students of the University of Korca regarding the university's commitment to gender equality. Albanian universities have made significant efforts in gender mainstreaming. As part of a higher education institution, we must offer new generations a different path, free from prejudice and stereotypes, embracing people’s freedom and appreciating their individuality and originality. There is a significant commitment from the University of Korca (UNIKO) toward gender equality policies. The paper aims to point out the perceptions of students on gender equality policies followed by UNIKO and the commitment of the university to build an honest and communicative learning and work environment where people are treated equally and there is no discrimination, as well as a community which conveys trust, a sense of belonging and shared goals. A quantitative approach was used for this study. A questionnaire was conducted to measure the perception of students on gender equality policies in the university. The students were recruited in the four faculties of UNIKO. The study focused on students' knowledge of gender mainstreaming; their participation in trainings and activities focused on gender issues; equal representation in the decision-making units and awareness of gender equality and unconscious gender biases. The study showed a high interest of students in the gender policies of the institution, but a more visible involvement of students in informative activities and greater awareness to address gender issues is suggested.
English-Medium Instruction in Japan: experience and its implementation in internationalization of agricultural higher education in Uzbekistan
Authors: Narmatova Gulchekhra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
EMI has been described as the most significant trend in educational internationalization’ (Chapple, 2015) and as an ‘unstoppable train’, from which EMI educators must ensure students alight safely at their destination (Macaro et al., 2018). Many studies have been conducted to explain and find out what is the best experience to implement in internationalization of Higher Education (HE). However, while literature covers a wide variety of theories, this study focused on two non-Anglophone countries` experiences. Japan is one of the non-Anglophone countries where the internationalization of universities is growing rapidly due to the successful implementation of EMI programs. However, most universities in Asia face numerous challenges in realizing globalization of higher education, especially those in the early stages of transitioning to English teaching programs. Tashkent State Agrarian University (TSAU) in Uzbekistan is one of them. TSAU, established in 1930, prepares agriculture specialists not only for Uzbekistan but also for neighboring countries. In Uzbekistan, not many studies are done related to the internationalization of agricultural tertiary education.
To reduce the challenges faced by students and content teachers on their EMI journeys, we must first understand the language-related challenges that many students and teachers experience in the process. This study attempts to investigate the early challenges faced by Japanese universities in transitioning to EMI courses and what aspects of the Japanese EMI experience would be suitable to apply in higher education in Uzbekistan. Moreover, the study will focus on how consensus should be obtained in collaboration between English language and content teachers. The role of English language teachers in the successful implementation of the EMI program is immense and irreplaceable. The findings are based on a literature review of Japanese universities` strategies in the implementation of the EMI program. To address the study questions, a questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data by asking content lecturers the identical 30 questions on 5-point Likert scales with choices ranging from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree". In the questionnaire, participated content lecturers from TSAU, Akita University and Tokyo University of Technology and Agriculture (TUAT), English language teachers from TSAU and some 1st-year and 2nd-year undergraduate students from all three universities who enrolled in the EMI program also showed interest in participation in research. Findings are expected to be introduced to the department of "Languages" and shared with content lecturers who are involved in the EMI program at TSAU and serve as a source for future research.
Identification of a lumped-parameter model of the intervertebral joint from experimental data
Authors: Gould Samuele L. , Davico Giorgio , Palanca Marco , Viceconti Marco , Cristofolini Luca 
Published: July 2024

Through predictive simulations, multibody models can aid the treatment of spinal pathologies by identifying optimal surgical procedures. Critical to achieving accurate predictions is the definition of the intervertebral joint. The joint pose is often defined by virtual palpation. Intervertebral joint stiffnesses are either derived from literature, or specimen-specific stiffnesses are calculated with optimisation methods. This study tested the feasibility of an optimisation method for determining the specimen-specific stiffnesses and investigated the influence of the assigned joint pose on the subject-specific estimated stiffness. Furthermore, the influence of the joint pose and the stiffness on the accuracy of the predicted motion was investigated. A computed tomography based model of a lumbar spine segment was created. Joints were defined from virtually palpated landmarks sampled with a Latin Hypercube technique from a possible Cartesian space. An optimisation method was used to determine specimen-specific stiffnesses for 500 models. A two-factor analysis was performed by running forward dynamic simulations for ten different stiffnesses for each successfully optimised model. The optimisations calculated a large range of stiffnesses, indicating the optimised specimen-specific stiffnesses were highly sensitive to the assigned joint pose and related uncertainties. A limited number of combinations of optimised joint stiffnesses and joint poses could accurately predict the kinematics. The two-factor analysis indicated that, for the ranges explored, the joint pose definition was more important than the stiffness. To obtain kinematic prediction errors below 1 mm and 1° and suitable specimen-specific stiffnesses the precision of virtually palpated landmarks for joint definition should be better than 2.9 mm.
Effectiveness and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in preclinical animal models of hepatic fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xuesong , Wang Yue , Lu Wenming , Qu Jiayang , Zhang Yang , Ye Junsong 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundLiver damage due to long-term viral infection, alcohol consumption, autoimmune decline, and other factors could lead to the gradual development of liver fibrosis. Unfortunately, until now, there has been no effective treatment for liver fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells, as a promising new therapy for liver fibrosis, can slow the progression of fibrosis by migrating to the site of liver injury and by altering the microenvironment of the fibrotic area.AimBy including all relevant studies to date to comprehensively assess the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis and to explore considerations for clinical translation and therapeutic mechanisms.MethodsData sources included PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and were constructed until October 2023. Data for each study outcome indicator were extracted for comprehensive analysis.ResultsThe overall meta-analysis showed that mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved liver function. Moreover, it inhibited the expression level of transforming growth factor-β [SMD = 4.21, 95% CI (3.02,5.40)], which in turn silenced hepatic stellate cells and significantly reduced the area of liver fibrosis [SMD = 3.61, 95% CI (1.41,5.81)].ConclusionSeveral outcome indicators suggest that mesenchymal stem cells therapy is relatively reliable in the treatment of liver fibrosis. The therapeutic effect is cell dose-dependent over a range of doses, but not more effective at higher doses. Bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were more effective in treating liver fibrosis than mesenchymal stem cells from other sources.Systematic Review RegistrationIdentifier CRD42022354768.
Biofilm mitigation in hybrid chemical-biological upcycling of waste polymers
Authors: Stoddard Hunter , Kulas Daniel , Zolghadr Ali , Aloba Sulihat , Schaerer Laura G. , Putman Lindsay , Valencia Isabel , Lacey Jeffrey A. , Shonnard David R. , Techtmann Stephen M. , Ong Rebecca G. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Accumulation of plastic waste in the environment is a serious global issue. To deal with this, there is a need for improved and more efficient methods for plastic waste recycling. One approach is to depolymerize plastic using pyrolysis or chemical deconstruction followed by microbial-upcycling of the monomers into more valuable products. Microbial consortia may be able to increase stability in response to process perturbations and adapt to diverse carbon sources, but may be more likely to form biofilms that foul process equipment, increasing the challenge of harvesting the cell biomass.Methods: To better understand the relationship between bioprocess conditions, biofilm formation, and ecology within the bioreactor, in this study a previously-enriched microbial consortium (LS1_Calumet) was grown on (1) ammonium hydroxide-depolymerized polyethylene terephthalate (PET) monomers and (2) the pyrolysis products of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Bioreactor temperature, pH, agitation speed, and aeration were varied to determine the conditions that led to the highest production of planktonic biomass and minimal formation of biofilm. The community makeup and diversity in the planktonic and biofilm states were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.Results: Results showed that there was very little microbial growth on the liquid product from pyrolysis under all fermentation conditions. When grown on the chemically-deconstructed PET the highest cell density (0.69 g/L) with minimal biofilm formation was produced at 30°C, pH 7, 100 rpm agitation, and 10 sL/hr airflow. Results from 16S rRNAsequencing showed that the planktonic phase had higher observed diversity than the biofilm, and that Rhodococcus, Paracoccus, and Chelatococcus were the most abundant genera for all process conditions. Biofilm formation by Rhodococcus sp. And Paracoccus sp. Isolates was typically lower than the full microbial community and varied based on the carbon source.Discussion: Ultimately, the results indicate that biofilm formation within the bioreactor can be significantly reduced by optimizing process conditions and using pure cultures or a less diverse community, while maintaining high biomass productivity. The results of this study provide insight into methods for upcycling plastic waste and how process conditions can be used to control the formation of biofilm in bioreactors.
Multi-modal triggered-release sonodynamic/chemo/phototherapy synergistic nanocarriers for the treatment of colon cancer
Authors: Zhou Yun , Gao Yueyang , Yao Nannan , Lu Guozhi , Dong Chuyu , Wang Kexin , Zhang Junfeng , Sun Jing , Li Ke , Li Xueping 
Published: July 2024

Most colon cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, with a grim prognosis. In clinical, various combination therapies have been employed to enhance the efficacy of colon cancer treatment. The essence of combined treatment is the judicious selection and combination of various treatment units. Phototherapy (PT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and chemotherapy are treatment modalities that rely on the active molecules to treat tumors, and have been demonstrated to synergistically enhance tumor treatment efficacy. However, the differences in the metabolism of active molecules and hypoxic microenvironment of tumors have limited the synergistic effects of the aforementioned methods. To address this significant issue, in this study, we utilized polydopamine (PDA) as the encapsulated material to form a rigid shell that contains the therapeutic molecules IR-780 and methotrexate (MTX) on the surface of perfluorohexane (PFH) microdroplets through self-assembling method to develop an SDT/chemotherapy/PT combined nanoparticles (SCP NPs). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the nanoparticles exhibited a hollow shell structure, with an average size of approximately 100 nm. SCP NPs have excellent stability and biocompatibility in both in vitro and in vivo. The absorption and emission spectrum of the loaded IR-780 did not exhibit any significant shift, and the photothermal temperature rose to 92°C. Their ultrasonic cavitation effect was good and their cell inhibitory effect of MTX was maintained. SCP NPs can achieve multi-modal triggered release through ultrasound, laser irradiation, and pH, ensuring a simultaneous accumulation of therapeutic molecules in the tumor area and effectively alleviating tumor hypoxia. Additionally, both the near-infrared fluorescence (NIF) signal and the ultrasonic cavitation signal of the nanoparticles can be utilized for tracking and monitoring treatment efficacy. Most notably, SCP NPs exhibited outstanding synergistic treatment effects at low intervention levels, resulting in a 67% cure rate of tumors. These results provide an experimental basis for developing the new clinical treatments for colon cancer.
NEUROD1: transcriptional and epigenetic regulator of human and mouse neuronal and endocrine cell lineage programs
Authors: Pavlinkova Gabriela , Smolik Ondrej 
Published: July 2024

Transcription factors belonging to the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family are key regulators of cell fate specification and differentiation during development. Their dysregulation is implicated not only in developmental abnormalities but also in various adult diseases and cancers. Recently, the abilities of bHLH factors have been exploited in reprogramming strategies for cell replacement therapy. One such factor is NEUROD1, which has been associated with the reprogramming of the epigenetic landscape and potentially possessing pioneer factor abilities, initiating neuronal developmental programs, and enforcing pancreatic endocrine differentiation. The review aims to consolidate current knowledge on NEUROD1’s multifaceted roles and mechanistic pathways in human and mouse cell differentiation and reprogramming, exploring NEUROD1 roles in guiding the development and reprogramming of neuroendocrine cell lineages. The review focuses on NEUROD1’s molecular mechanisms, its interactions with other transcription factors, its role as a pioneer factor in chromatin remodeling, and its potential in cell reprogramming. We also show a differential potential of NEUROD1 in differentiation of neurons and pancreatic endocrine cells, highlighting its therapeutic potential and the necessity for further research to fully understand and utilize its capabilities.
Generation and preclinical evaluation of a human heavy-chain-only antibody recognizing the membrane-bound tumor-associated antigen mesothelin
Authors: Janssens Rick , van Haperen Rien , van der Reijden Michael , Maas Alex , Wang Jingsong , Grosveld Frank , Drabek Dubravka 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveMesothelin (MSLN) is an attractive target for anticancer therapeutics and bioimaging reagents that utilize antibodies. This study was aimed at developing a novel human anti-MSLN single-domain antibody that exclusively binds to the membrane-attached MSLN using transgenic mice generating human heavy-chain-only antibodies (HCAbs) and exploring the resulting HCAbs as imaging tools.MethodsWe introduced a doxycycline-inducible human MSLN gene in genetically modified mice expressing human HCAbs. This new method of non-invasive immunization by antigen induction results in MSLN antigen production in its native conformation on the cell surface. Screening of 2,000 HCAbs from the resulting immune library yielded numerous binders, from which we chose 19G6 as the lead antibody. This antibody was 111Indium radiolabeled and tested in a xenotransplantation tumor model with OVCAR-3 cells.ResultsThe 19G6 antibody shows nanomolar affinity toward membrane-bound MSLN and does not recognize soluble MSLN. The human MSLN-positive tumors were visualized in an in vivo mouse model. The non-labeled antibody prevented binding when provided in excess, showing tumor specificity.Conclusion19G6 with a human Fc is a promising tumor-cell tracer in vivo. This HCAb can also be engineered into a smaller and shorter-lived tracer (only the VH domain) or combined with other target-binding domains to form multispecific modalities for tumor immunotherapy.
Genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus and aortic dissection: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Sun Yaodong , Du Dongdong , Zhang Jiantao , Zhao Linlin , Zhang Bufan , Zhang Yi , Song Tianxu , Wu Naishi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThis Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to explore the causal relationship between the genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and aortic dissection (AD), and to assess associations with genetically predicted glycemic traits. The study sought to verify the inverse relationship between T2DM and AD using a more robust and unbiased method, building on the observational studies previously established.Materials and methodsThe study employed a two-sample and multivariable MR approach to analyze genetic data from the DIAbetes Meta-ANalysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) with 74,124 cases and 824,006 controls, and the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-Related Traits Consortium (MAGIC) involving up to 196,991 individuals. For AD data, FinnGen Release 10 was used, including 967 cases and 381,977 controls. The research focused on three foundational MR assumptions and controlled for confounders like hypertension. Genetic instruments were selected for their genome-wide significance, and multiple MR methods and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsThe study revealed no significant effect of genetic predisposition to T2DM on the risk of AD. Even after adjusting for potential confounders, the results were consistent, indicating no causal relationship. Additionally, glycemic traits such as fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HbA1c levels did not show a significant impact on AD susceptibility. The findings remained stable across various MR models and sensitivity analyses. In contrast, genetic liability to T2DM and glycemic traits showed a significant association with coronary artery disease (CAD), aligning with the established understanding.ConclusionContrary to previous observational studies, this study concludes that genetic predisposition to T2DM does not confer protection against AD. These findings underscore the imperative for further research, particularly in exploring the preventative potential of T2DM treatments against AD and to facilitate the development of novel therapeutic interventions.