bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work-Related Open-Globe Injuries: Demographics and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Bauza Alain M. , Emami Parisa , Son Jung H. , Langer Paul , Zarbin Marco , Bhagat Neelakshi 
Published: October 2012

Purpose. To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of work-related open-globe injuries (OGIs) at a level I trauma center over a 10-year period. Methods. Retrospective series. Results. A total of 183 eyes with work-related OGIs were identified. The majority of injuries occurred in men (96.7%). The anatomic site of the wound was zone 1 in 107 eyes (72.3%). The most common cause was nail gun use (47.0%). The types of OGI included 32 ruptures (17.5%), 112 penetrating injuries (61.2%), 38 intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) (20.8%), and 1 mixed rupture/IOFB injury (0.5%). Presenting visual acuity (VA) was worse than 20/200 in 112 eyes (65.9%) and no light perception (NLP) in 10 eyes (5.8%). Final VA worse than 20/200 occurred in 64 eyes (37.2%); 11 eyes underwent enucleation. In comparison to non-work-related OGIs (420 eyes), we found significant differences in types and zones of injury, initial and final mean VA, enucleation rate, incidence of cataracts, hyphema, retinal detachment, hemorrhagic choroidals, and afferent pupillary defect (APD). Using multivariate analysis, significant prognostic factors for a final VA of NLP were zone 3 injury, rupture injury, and initial VA of NLP. Risk factors for enucleation included zone 3 injury, APD, and endophthalmitis. Conclusions. Work-related injuries were noted to have a much higher incidence of IOFBs and cataracts compared to non-work-related OGIs. Zone 3 injuries, rupture injuries, and a presenting VA of NLP were found to be significant predictors for a final VA of NLP. Zone 3 injury, APD, and endophthalmitis were found to be significant predictors for enucleation.
L’ambition territoriale dans le dossier de la santé en français
Authors: Gilbert Anne , Lefebvre Marie , Bouchard Louise 
Published: October 2012

Dix ans se sont écoulés depuis le jugement Montfort, qui consacrait l’Hôpital comme une composante essentielle de la vitalité des communautés francophones en situation minoritaire. Jusqu’à quel point cette reconnaissance du droit à un service en français, accessible dans des établissements localisés dans les milieux dans lesquels la minorité évolue, a-t-elle mené à une ambition plus territoriale chez les intervenants francophones ? L’analyse des propos tenus par 38 participants à un exercice de cartographie conceptuelle sur l’avenir des services de santé en français en Ontario révèle qu’ils ne s’aventurent pas très loin sur le terrain des modalités de l’édification d’un véritable territoire francophone en santé. L’institution est évoquée, mais davantage comme un projet appartenant à un horizon lointain que comme un enjeu actuel. En guise de conclusion, les auteures se sont interrogées sur les effets d’une telle vision sur l’avenir des services de santé en français.
Analyse comparative du rapport à l’identité chez les jeunes des communautés de langue officielle au Canada
Authors: Gérin-Lajoie Diane 
Published: October 2012

L’article porte sur le discours des jeunes sur la question du rapport à l’identité et du sens d’appartenance au groupe, dans le contexte des minorités de langue officielle au Canada. En constante évolution, le rapport à l’identité se voit influencé par les pratiques sociales des individus, pratiques qui elles-mêmes s’inscrivent dans des rapports de pouvoir particuliers. Dans le contexte des minorités de langue officielle au Canada, comment s’articule ce rapport à l’identité chez les jeunes ? Comment le contexte historique et social vient-il influencer la façon dont ils perçoivent leur rapport à la langue et à la culture minoritaires ? Les résultats qui servent à la présente analyse sont tirés de deux études ethnographiques d’une durée de trois ans chacune portant sur le rapport à l’identité chez les jeunes fréquentant les écoles de langue anglaise au Québec et les écoles de langue française en Ontario.
Stimulateurs des défenses naturelles des plantes : une nouvelle stratégie phytosanitaire dans un contexte d’écoproduction durable.
Authors: Benhamou Nicole , Rey Patrice 
Published: October 2012

Après avoir été longtemps dépendante des pesticides, l’agriculture mondiale est aujourd’hui frappée par un courant qui favorise des pratiques plus durables et plus respectueuses de l’environnement. Pour répondre à ces nouvelles exigences, les agriculteurs doivent se tourner vers l’exploitation et la rentabilisation des ressources naturelles par le biais de pratiques agricoles combinant la performance et la protection des cultures à un moindre coût écologique. Dans ce contexte, le développement de molécules biologiques capables de stimuler les défenses naturelles des végétaux (SDN) est une stratégie qui attire de plus en plus l’attention. Une molécule SDN est un éliciteur susceptible de déclencher une série d’évènements biochimiques menant à l’expression de la résistance chez la plante. La perception du signal par des récepteurs membranaires spécifiques et sa transduction par diverses voies de signalisation conduisent à la synthèse et à l’accumulation synchronisée de molécules défensives parmi lesquelles certaines jouent un rôle structural alors que d’autres exercent une fonction antimicrobienne directe. Les barrières structurales contribuent à retarder la progression de l’agent pathogène dans les tissus de la plante et à empêcher la diffusion de substances délétères telles des enzymes de dégradation des parois ou des toxines. Les mécanismes biochimiques incluent, entre autres, la synthèse de protéines de stress et d’inhibiteurs de protéases ainsi que la production de phytoalexines, des métabolites secondaires ayant un fort potentiel antimicrobien. Les progrès remarquables accomplis ces dernières années en termes de compréhension des mécanismes impliqués dans la résistance induite chez les plantes se traduisent aujourd’hui par la commercialisation d’un nombre de plus en plus important de SDN capables de stimuler le « système immunitaire » des plantes en mimant l’effet des agents pathogènes.
Mental Health Triage Tools for Medically Cleared Disaster Survivors: An Evaluation by MRC Volunteers and Public Health Workers
Authors: Brannen Donald E. , Barcus Robert , McDonnell Mark A. , Price Andrea , Alsept Corey , Caudill Kimberly 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectivePsychological assessment after disasters determines which survivors are acutely distressed or medically compromised and what kind of assistance is needed (whether practical or psychological). A mental health triage tool can help direct more people to the appropriate type of help. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Fast Mental Health Triage Tool (FMHT) and the Alsept-Price Mental Health Scale (APMHS) among public health workers and Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) volunteers in conducting mental health triage. Both tools screen for ability to follow simple commands, chronic medical conditions, mental health conditions and services, occult injuries, and traumatic events in the past year. Both were designed for use in disasters where mental health resources are scarce and survivors are already medically triaged.MethodsVolunteers (n = 204) and workers (n = 66) were randomized into 3 groups, with 79 participating. Fifty-nine raters completed 20 each of 1180 mental health clinical vignettes of disaster survivors.ResultsThe survey presenting the vignettes was highly reliable at 0.771; the study model was parallel between baseline and treatment; and the interclass correlation among the raters was high at 0.852. Each rater triaged the same cases, but the rater was randomly assigned to use FMHT, APMHS, or no tool or scale. Between-subject effect for the tools used was significant (P = .039). The FMHT was significantly better than no tool in correct mental health triage, 67.3% to 51.5% (P = .028).ConclusionThe incorporation of a temporal component should be evaluated for potential inclusion in existing mental health triage systems. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:20-28)
A Review of Surface Plasmon Resonance‐Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Hou Wenbo , Cronin Stephen B. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn the past decade, the surface plasmon resonance of Ag and Au nanoparticles has been investigated to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic processes. The photocatalytic production of fuels is particularly interesting for its ability to store the sun's energy in chemical bonds that can be released later without producing harmful byproducts. This Feature Article reviews recent work demonstrating plasmon‐enhanced photocatalytic water splitting, reduction of CO2 with H2O to form hydrocarbon fuels, and degradation of organic molecules. Focus is placed on several possible mechanisms that have been previously discussed in the literature. A particular emphasis is given to several aspects of these mechanisms that are not fully understood and will require further investigation.
Conformal Coating by High Pressure Chemical Deposition for Patterned Microwires of II–VI Semiconductors
Authors: Sparks Justin R. , He Rongrui , Healy Noel , Chaudhuri Subhasis , Fitzgibbons Thomas C. , Peacock Anna C. , Sazio Pier J. A. , Badding John V. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDeposition techniques that can uniformly and conformally coat deep trenches and very high aspect ratio pores with uniform thickness films are valuable in the synthesis of complex three‐dimensionally structured materials. Here it is shown that high pressure chemical vapor deposition can be used to deposit conformal films of II–VI semiconductors such as ZnSe, ZnS, and ZnO into high aspect ratio pores. Microstructured optical fibers serve as tailored templates for the patterning of II–VI semiconductor microwire arrays of these materials with precision and flexibility. In this way, centimeters‐long microwires with exterior surfaces that conform well to the nearly atomically smooth silica templates can be fabricated by conformal coating. This process allows for II–VI semiconductors, which cannot be processed into optical fibers with conventional techniques, to be fabricated into step index and microstructured optical fibers.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Vinylogous Michael Addition of Dicyanoolefins to Imine Intermediates Generated in situ from Arenesulfonylalkylindoles
Authors: Zhu Xing‐Li , He Wu‐Jun , Yu Liang‐Liang , Cai Chang‐Wu , Zuo Zong‐Le , Qin Da‐Bin , Liu Quan‐Zhong , Jing Lin‐Hai 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAn organocatalytic asymmetric vinylogous Michael addition of dicyanoolefins to vinylogous imine intermediates generated in situ from arenesulfonylalkylindoles has been developed. This protocol provides an easy and convenient approach to C‐3 alkyl‐substituted indole derivatives with high yields (up to 93%), diastereomeric ratios (up to 99:1 dr) and enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). The resulting adducts can be also readily converted to pyrazolo derivatives or α‐alkylation products of ketones without any decrease of the diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities.
The First Catalytic, Enantioselective Aza‐Henry Reaction of an Unactivated Cyclic Imine
Authors: Amarasinghe Nilupa R. , Turner Peter , Todd Matthew H. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe aza‐Henry reaction is an efficient route to important chiral, vicinal diamines. Reports of the asymmetric version typically use electron‐deficient acyclic imines. We report the first example of a catalytic, asymmetric aza‐Henry reaction on an unfunctionalized cyclic imine that gives access to enantiopure diamine derivatives under experimentally straightforward conditions. The stereocentre is established through the initial nitromethane addition to the imine. The scalemic intermediate may be trapped through acylation, then crystallized.
A Cooperative Catalytic System of Platinum/Iridium Alloyed Nanoclusters and a Dimeric Catechol Derivative: An Efficient Synthesis of Quinazolines Through a Sequential Aerobic Oxidative Process
Authors: Yuan Hao , Yoo Woo‐Jin , Miyamura Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA cooperative catalytic system of heterogeneous polymer‐supported bi‐metallic platinum/iridium (Pt/Ir) alloyed nanoclusters and 5,5′,6,6′‐tetrahydroxy‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethyl‐1,1′‐spiro‐bisindane (TTSBI) enabled the facile preparation of quinazoline derivatives with low catalyst loadings and broad substrate scope under mild aerobic oxidative conditions. The ability to perform the reaction in gram‐scale and under open‐air conditions highlights the synthetic application of this cooperative catalytic system.
L‐Threo‐Dihydroxyphenylserine corrects neurochemical abnormalities in a menkes disease mouse model
Authors: Donsante Anthony , Sullivan Patricia , Goldstein David S. , Brinster Lauren R. , Kaler Stephen G. 
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveMenkes disease is a lethal neurodegenerative disorder of infancy caused by mutations in a copper‐transporting adenosine triphosphatase gene, ATP7A. Among its multiple cellular tasks, ATP7A transfers copper to dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) within the lumen of the Golgi network or secretory granules, catalyzing the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine. In a well‐established mouse model of Menkes disease, mottled‐brindled (mo‐br), we tested whether systemic administration of L‐threo‐dihydroxyphenylserine (L‐DOPS), a drug used successfully to treat autosomal recessive norepinephrine deficiency, would improve brain neurochemical abnormalities and neuropathology.MethodsAt 8, 10, and 12 days of age, wild‐type and mo‐br mice received intraperitoneal injections of 200μg/g body weight of L‐DOPS, or mock solution. Five hours after the final injection, the mice were euthanized, and brains were removed. We measured catecholamine metabolites affected by DBH via high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, and assessed brain histopathology.ResultsCompared to mock‐treated controls, mo‐br mice that received intraperitoneal L‐DOPS showed significant increases in brain norepinephrine (p < 0.001) and its deaminated metabolite, dihydroxyphenylglycol (p < 0.05). The ratio of a non–beta‐hydroxylated metabolite in the catecholamine biosynthetic pathway, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, to the beta‐hydroxylated metabolite, dihydroxyphenylglycol, improved equivalently to results obtained previously with brain‐directed ATP7A gene therapy (p < 0.01). However, L‐DOPS treatment did not arrest global brain pathology or improve somatic growth, as gene therapy had.InterpretationWe conclude that (1) L‐DOPS crosses the blood–brain barrier in mo‐br mice and corrects brain neurochemical abnormalities, (2) norepinephrine deficiency is not the cause of neurodegeneration in mo‐br mice, and (3) L‐DOPS treatment may ameliorate noradrenergic hypofunction in Menkes disease. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:259–265
Antibodies to contactin‐1 in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
Authors: Querol Luis , Nogales‐Gadea Gisela , Rojas‐Garcia Ricard , Martinez‐Hernandez Eugenia , Diaz‐Manera Jordi , Suárez‐Calvet Xavier , Navas Miquel , Araque Josefa , Gallardo Eduard , Isabel Illa  
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveChronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a frequent autoimmune neuropathy with a heterogeneous clinical spectrum. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that autoantibodies may be involved in its pathogenesis, but the target antigens are unknown. Axoglial junction proteins have been proposed as candidate antigens. We examined the reactivity of CIDP patients' sera against neuronal antigens and used immunoprecipitation for antigen unraveling.MethodsPrimary cultures of hippocampal neurons were used to select patients' sera that showed robust reactivity with the cell surface of neurons. The identity of the antigens was established by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, and subsequently confirmed with cell‐based assays, immunohistochemistry with teased rat sciatic nerve, and immunoabsorption experiments.ResultsFour of 46 sera from patients with CIDP reacted strongly against hippocampal neurons (8.6%) and paranodal structures on peripheral nerve. Two patients' sera precipitated contactin‐1 (CNTN1), and 1 precipitated both CNTN1 and contactin‐associated protein 1 (CASPR1). Reactivity against CNTN1 was confirmed in 2 cases, whereas the third reacted only when CNTN1 and CASPR1 were cotransfected. No other CIDP patient or any of the 104 controls with other neurological diseases tested positive. All 3 patients shared common clinical features, including advanced age, predominantly motor involvement, aggressive symptom onset, early axonal involvement, and poor response to intravenous immunoglobulin.InterpretationAntibodies against the CNTN1/CASPR1 complex occur in a subset of patients with CIDP who share common clinical features. The finding of this biomarker may help to explain the symptoms of these patients and the heterogeneous response to therapy in CIDP. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:370–380
Mikrofluidik im “offenen Raum”: lokalisierte Prozesse an biologischen Oberflächen
Authors: Kaigala Govind V. , Lovchik Robert D. , Delamarche Emmanuel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLokale Wechselwirkungen zwischen (Bio)chemikalien und biologischen Grenz‐/Oberflächen spielen eine wichtige Rolle in Gebieten wie der Oberflächenfunktionalisierung bis hin zur Zelltoxikologie. Diese Wechselwirkungen können mithilfe von Mikrofluidsystemen untersucht werden, die im “offenen Raum” arbeiten, d. h. ohne die gewöhnlich in der Mikrofluidik verwendeten geschlossenen Kanäle und Kammern. Diese aktuell entstehende Klasse von Verfahren lokalisiert chemische Reaktionen an Oberflächen biologischer Proben, ohne den Proben signifikante “Einschränkungen” wie Einbettung, Vorverarbeitungsschritte oder die Notwendigkeit von stabilisierenden Gerüsten aufzuerlegen. Sie öffnen damit neue Möglichkeiten für die Handhabung und Analyse von Wechselwirkungen mit biologischen Proben. Es werden drei Klassen von Mikrofluidsystemen vorgestellt, die im offenen Raum arbeiten, nämlich solche auf mikroelektrochemischer Basis, auf der Basis von Multiphasentransport und auf der Basis von hydrodynamischer Fokussierung von Flüssigkeiten.
Assessing the extent to which temporal changes in waterbird community composition are driven by either local, regional or global factors
Authors: Tománková Irena , Boland Helen , Reid Neil , Fox Anthony D. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACT

Lough Neagh and Lough Beg Special Protection Area (SPA, hereafter Lough Neagh) is an important non‐estuarine site in Britain and Ireland for overwintering wildfowl. Multivariate analysis of the winter counts showed a state‐shift in the waterbird community following winter 2000/2001, mostly due to rapid declines in abundance (46–57% declines in the mean mid‐winter January counts between 1993–2000 and 2002–2009) of members of the diving duck guild (pochard Aythya ferina, tufted duck Aythya fuligula and goldeneye Bucephala clangula) and coot (Fulica atra), a submerged macrophyte feeder.
Only pochard showed correlations between declines at Lough Neagh and those of overall species flyway population indices to suggest that global changes could contribute to declines at the site. However, indices from the Republic of Ireland showed no overall decline in the rest of Ireland. Tufted duck indices at the site were inversely related to indices in Great Britain. Lough Neagh goldeneye indices were positively correlated with indices in the Republic of Ireland and Great Britain, suggesting that short‐stopping could contribute to declines at the site. Coot declines at Lough Neagh did not correlate with trends elsewhere, suggesting local factors involved in the decline.
These analyses indicate that although there are potentially different explanations for the dramatic declines in these four waterbird species at this site, the simultaneous nature of the declines across two feeding guilds strongly suggest that local factors (such as loss of submerged macrophytes and benthic invertebrates) were involved. An assessment of the food supply, local disturbance and other factors at Lough Neagh is required to find an explanation for the observed adverse trends in wintering numbers of the affected species.
This study highlights the potential of waterbird community structure to reflect the status of aquatic systems, but confirms the need to establish site‐specific factors responsible for the observed changes in abundance of key waterbird species at a site.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generalized Algorithm for Estimating Non‐Commensurate Fractional‐Order Models
Authors: Taskinen A. , Roinila T. , Vilkko M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe dynamics of real systems are often of fractional‐order but typically approximated using integer‐order models for simplicity. Due to the major improvements in the area of fractional‐order calculus during recent years, the fractional‐order methods may be used more efficiently thus providing more accurate and realistic models. This paper presents an algorithm to estimate non‐commensurate fractional‐order models from frequency response data. Compared to the traditional method where only commensurate models are estimated, the presented technique provides more accurate models. The theory behind the method is shown and the results are illustrated by experimental measurements from a viscous elastic component, made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a silicon‐based organic polymer.
Buntaro Adachi (1865–1945): Japanese master of human anatomic variation
Authors: Watanabe Koichi , Shoja Mohammadali M. , Loukas Marios , Shane Tubbs R. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBuntaro Adachi (1865–1945) was a Japanese physician, anatomist, and anthropologist and is most remembered for his study on human anatomic variation. At the end of 19th Century, one of the main focuses in anthropology was the comparison between the races. In Japan, anthropological studies of the origin of the modern Japanese race were carried out by Adachi and others. Adachi believed that differences went beyond the bones that were commonly studied in his day and, therefore, investigated soft tissues of the body. Two products of his intense study of variation of human anatomy were Das Arteriensystem der Japaner (The Arterial System of the Japanese) published in 1928 and Das Venensystem der Japaner (The Venous System of the Japanese) published in 1933 and 1940. These books received much attention and were praised by anatomists and anthropologists around the world. Even now, these books are invaluable as references for human anatomic variation. Herein, we provide an overview of the life and achievements of Buntaro Adachi and to our knowledge, this is the first such review in the English language. Clin. Anat. 25:957–960, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.