bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity and performance status as independent prognostic factors in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jennifer R. , Habbous Steven , Espin–Garcia Osvaldo , Chen Duoduo , Huang Shao Hui , Simpson Colleen , Xu Wei , Liu Fei‐Fei , Brown Dale H. , Gilbert Ralph W. , Gullane Patrick J. , Irish Jonathan C. , Goldstein David P. , Liu Geoffrey 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the individual and combined relationship of comorbidity and performance status (PS) on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) survival.MethodsSix hundred patients with HNSCC were prospectively recruited. Comorbidity and PS were measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Scale. Outcomes were overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS).ResultsA total of 48.3% of the patients had at least 1 comorbidity, and 42.3% had impaired PS at baseline. There was no correlation between CCI and ECOG (Spearman's ρ = 0.033; p = .42). In multivariate analysis, CCI score was significantly associated with OS (p = .01). ECOG was not associated with OS, but seems to act as an effect modifier in the association between comorbidity and OS. CCI and ECOG were not associated with CSS.ConclusionCCI and ECOG scores both provide prognostic information in predicting OS in HNSCC, but a significant association with CSS was not observed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 736–742, 2016
Osteoradionecrosis of mandible bone in patients with oral cancer—associated factors and treatment outcomes
Authors: Chen Jyun‐An , Wang Chen‐Chi , Wong Yong‐Kie , Wang Ching‐Ping , Jiang Rong‐San , Lin Jin‐Ching , Chen Chien‐Chih , Liu Shih‐An 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible bone in a large cohort of patients with oral cancer.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of patients with oral cancer and identified those with ORN of the mandible bone. Variables of patients with and without ORN were compared and associated factors were investigated by logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 1692 patients were included in the final analysis and 105 patients (6.2%) developed ORN in the mandible bone. Primary site, including mouth floor, buccal mucosa, retromolar trigone, or gum, segmental mandibulectomy, and total radiation dose to the primary site ≥75 Gy were independent factors associated with ORN. After aggressive treatment using surgical intervention with/without hyperbaric oxygen, 93.3% of the patients healed completely.ConclusionAmong patients with oral cancer after radiation, ORN is an uncommon and dreaded complication. Recognition of associated factors can help physicians to identify those at risk. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 762–768, 2016
Photodamage in deep tissue two‐photon optical biopsy of human skin
Authors: Dalbosco Luca , Zanini Giulia , D'Amato Elvira , Tessarolo Francesco , Boi Sebastiana , Bauer Paolo , Haase Albrecht , Antolini Renzo 
Published: December 2014

Photodamage, induced by femtosecond laser radiation, was studied in thick samples of human skin tissue (healthy skin and neoplastic lesions). Photobleaching, photoionization, and thermomechanical damage effects were characterized comparatively. The laser power dependence of the damage rates allowed to connect macroscopic effects to underlying molecular processes. Optical effects were correlated to histopathological changes. Tissue alterations were found only from thermomechanical cavitation and limited to superficial layers of the epidermis. From the depth‐dependencies of all damage thresholds a depth‐dependent power‐compensation scheme was defined allowing for damage‐free deep tissue optical biopsy.
Damage‐induced luminescence pattern for different excitation powers and a corresponding threshold analysis.magnified imageDamage‐induced luminescence pattern for different excitation powers and a corresponding threshold analysis.
Electrospun biomaterial scaffolds with varied topographies for neuronal differentiation of human‐induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Mohtaram Nima Khadem , Ko Junghyuk , King Craig , Sun Lin , Muller Nathan , Jun Martin Byung‐Guk , Willerth Stephanie M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of micro and nanoscale scaffold topography on promoting neuronal differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and directing the resulting neuronal outgrowth in an organized manner. We used melt electrospinning to fabricate poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds with loop mesh and biaxial aligned microscale topographies. Biaxial aligned microscale scaffolds were further functionalized with retinoic acid releasing PCL nanofibers using solution electrospinning. These scaffolds were then seeded with neural progenitors derived from human iPSCs. We found that smaller diameter loop mesh scaffolds (43.7 ± 3.9 µm) induced higher expression of the neural markers Nestin and Pax6 compared to thicker diameter loop mesh scaffolds (85 ± 4 µm). The loop mesh and biaxial aligned scaffolds guided the neurite outgrowth of human iPSCs along the topographical features with the maximum neurite length of these cells being longer on the biaxial aligned scaffolds. Finally, our novel bimodal scaffolds also supported the neuronal differentiation of human iPSCs as they presented both physical and chemical cues to these cells, encouraging their differentiation. These results give insight into how physical and chemical cues can be used to engineer neural tissue. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2591–2601, 2015.
Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of TV‐1380, a novel mutated butyrylcholinesterase treatment for cocaine addiction, after single and multiple intramuscular injections in healthy subjects
Authors: Cohen‐Barak Orit , Wildeman Jacqueline , van de Wetering Jeroen , Hettinga Judith , Schuilenga‐Hut Petra , Gross Aviva , Clark Shane , Bassan Merav , Gilgun‐Sherki Yossi , Mendzelevski Boaz , Spiegelstein Ofer 
Published: December 2014

AbstractHuman plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) contributes to cocaine metabolism and has been considered for use in treating cocaine addiction and cocaine overdose. TV‐1380 is a recombinant protein composed of the mature form of human serum albumin fused at its amino terminus to the carboxy‐terminus of a truncated and mutated BChE. In preclinical studies, TV‐1380 has been shown to rapidly eliminate cocaine in the plasma thus forestalling entry of cocaine into the brain and heart. Two randomized, blinded phase I studies were conducted to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of TV‐1380, following single and multiple administration in healthy subjects. TV‐1380 was found to be safe and well tolerated with a long half‐life (43–77 hours) and showed a dose‐proportional increase in systemic exposure. Consistent with preclinical results, the ex vivo cocaine hydrolysis, TV‐1380 activity clearly increased upon treatment in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, there was a direct relationship between ex vivo cocaine hydrolysis (kel) and TV‐1380 serum concentrations. There was no evidence that TV‐1380 affected heart rate, the uncorrected QT interval, or the heart‐rate‐corrected QTcF interval. TV‐1380, therefore, offers a safe once‐weekly therapy to increase cocaine hydrolysis.
Nonseparating Cycles Avoiding Specific Vertices
Authors: Hong Yanmei , Kang Liying , Yu Xingxing 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThomassen proved that every ‐connected graph G contains an induced cycle C such that is k‐connected, establishing a conjecture of Lovász. In general, one could ask the following question: For any positive integers , does there exist a smallest positive integer such that for any ‐connected graph G, any with , and any , there is an induced cycle C in such that and is l‐connected? The case when is a well‐known conjecture of Lovász that is still open for . In this article, we prove and . We also consider a weaker version: For any positive integers , is there a smallest positive integer such that for every ‐connected graph G and any with , there is an induced cycle C in such that is l‐connected? The case when was studied by Thomassen. We prove and .
On the Decay of Crossing Numbers of Sparse Graphs
Authors: Balogh József , Leaños Jesus , Salazar Gelasio 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRichter and Thomassen proved that every graph has an edge e such that the crossing number of is at least . Fox and Cs. Tóth proved that dense graphs have large sets of edges (proportional in the total number of edges) whose removal leaves a graph with crossing number proportional to the crossing number of the original graph; this result was later strenghthened by Černý, Kynčl, and G. Tóth. These results make our understanding of the decay of crossing numbers in dense graphs essentially complete. In this article we prove a similar result for large sparse graphs in which the number of edges is not artificially inflated by operations such as edge subdivisions. We also discuss the connection between the decay of crossing numbers and expected crossing numbers, a concept recently introduced by Mohar and Tamon.
Fimbriae‐mediated outer membrane vesicle production and invasion of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Mantri Chinmay K. , Chen Chin‐Ho , Dong Xinhong , Goodwin Jeffery Shawn , Pratap Siddharth , Paromov Victor , Xie Hua 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone periopathogen that plays an essential role in the progress of periodontitis. Like other gram‐negative bacteria, the ability of P. gingivalis to produce outer membrane vesicles is a strategy used to interact with, and survive within its biological niches. Here we compared the protein components associated with vesicles derived from a fimbriated strain (33277) and an afimbriated strain (W83) of P. gingivalis using proteomic analyses. Some well‐known virulence factors were identified in vesicles from both strains, such as gingipains and hemagglutinin. In contrast, FimC, FimD, and FimE, minor components of long fimbriae were found exclusively in 33277 vesicles, while proteins with a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain were unique to W83 vesicles. We found that significantly more 33277 than W83 vesicles were internalized into human oral keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts. Interestingly, FimA, a well‐known adhesin responsible for the attachment and invasion of P. gingivalis into host cells, was not essential for the invasive capabilities of P. gingivalis vesicles. Rather minor components of long fimbriae were required for an efficient invasive activity of vesicles. The most striking finding was that P. gingivalis strains lacking or having a reduced FimA expression showed a significant reduction in vesiculation. These results suggest that production and pathogenicity of P. gingivalis vesicles may largely depend on expression of the fim locus, and that the integration of vesicle production and pathogenicity with fimbrial expression may allow P. gingivalis to confer upon itself certain functional advantages.
Modeling the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II using non‐parametric item response models
Authors: Galindo‐Garre Francisca , Hidalgo María Dolores , Guilera Georgina , Pino Oscar , Rojo J. Emilio , Gómez‐Benito Juana 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO‐DAS II) is a multidimensional instrument developed for measuring disability. It comprises six domains (getting around, self‐care, getting along with others, life activities and participation in society). The main purpose of this paper is the evaluation of the psychometric properties for each domain of the WHO‐DAS II with parametric and non‐parametric Item Response Theory (IRT) models. A secondary objective is to assess whether the WHO‐DAS II items within each domain form a hierarchy of invariantly ordered severity indicators of disability.A sample of 352 patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder is used in this study. The 36 items WHO‐DAS II was administered during the consultation. Partial Credit and Mokken scale models are used to study the psychometric properties of the questionnaire.The psychometric properties of the WHO‐DAS II scale are satisfactory for all the domains. However, we identify a few items that do not discriminate satisfactorily between different levels of disability and cannot be invariantly ordered in the scale.In conclusion the WHO‐DAS II can be used to assess overall disability in patients with schizophrenia, but some domains are too general to assess functionality in these patients because they contain items that are not applicable to this pathology. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of tail suspension on serum testosterone and molecular targets regulating muscle mass
Authors: De Naeyer Hélène , Lamon Séverine , Russell Aaron P. , Everaert Inge , De Spaey Annelies , Jamart Cécile , Vanheel Bert , Taes Youri , Derave Wim 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The contribution of reduced testosterone levels to tail suspension (TS)‐induced muscle atrophy remains equivocal. The molecular mechanism by which testosterone regulates muscle mass during TS has not been investigated. Methods: Effects of TS on serum testosterone levels, muscle mass, and expression of muscle atrophy‐ and hypertrophy‐inducing targets were measured in soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles after testosterone administration during 1, 5, and 14 days of TS in male mice. Results: TS produced an increase followed by a transient drop in testosterone levels. Muscle atrophy was associated with downregulation of Igf1 and upregulation of Mstn, Redd1, Atrogin‐1, and MuRF1 mRNA with clear differences in Igf1, Mstn, and MAFbx/Atrogin‐1 gene expression between SOL and EDL. Testosterone supplementation did not affect muscle mass or protein expression levels during TS. Conclusions The known anabolic effects of testosterone are not sufficient to ameliorate loss of muscle mass during TS. Muscle Nerve 52: 278–288, 2015
Corticosteroid injection in patients with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: vanVeen Kiril E.B. , Alblas Kees (C) L. , Alons Imanda M.E. , Kerklaan Joost P. , Siegersma Marry C. , Wesstein Michel , Visser Leo H. , vankasteel Viviane , Jellema Korné 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionWe conducted a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial to evaluate the effect of ultrasound‐guided corticosteroid injection in patients with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE).MethodsFifty‐five patients were randomized between an ultrasound‐guided injection of 1 ml containing 40 mg methylprednisolone acetate and 10 mg lidocaine hydrochloride or a placebo injection. The primary outcome was the subjective change of symptoms after 3 months. The secondary outcomes were change in electrodiagnostic studies and ultrasonography findings.ResultsA success rate of 30% was found in the corticosteroid injection group versus 28% in the placebo injection group. Only the nerve cross‐sectional area changed significantly in the intervention group, from a mean of 11.9 mm2 to 10.9 mm2.ConclusionsWe could not demonstrate a positive effect of ultrasound‐guided corticosteroid injection in UNE compared with placebo. Favorable outcomes may be attributed to the natural course of UNE or the effect of patient education. Muscle Nerve 52:380–385, 2015
Dynamic finite element formulation for Cosserat elastic plates
Authors: Godio Michele , Stefanou Ioannis , Sab Karam , Sulem Jean 
Published: December 2014

SummaryA displacement and rotation‐based dynamic finite element formulation for Cosserat plates is discussed in detail in this paper. Special attention is given to the validation of the element through adequate benchmarks and patch tests. The choice of the interpolation functions and the order of integration of the stiffness and the mass matrices are extensively argued. The possibility of local system deficiencies is explored, and a shear locking investigation specifically elaborated for Cosserat plates is carried out. It is shown how the present formulation has interesting computational properties as compared to a classical continuum‐based formulation and how it can provide suitable results despite the use of reduced integration. An example of application of the finite element is given, in which the natural frequencies of a masonry panel modelled by means of discrete elements are computed and compared with the finite elements solution. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution processing of polymer semiconductor: Insulator blends—Tailored optical properties through liquid–liquid phase separation control
Authors: Hellmann Christoph , Treat Neil D. , Scaccabarozzi Alberto D. , Razzell Hollis Joseph , Fleischli Franziska D. , Bannock James H. , de Mello John , Michels Jasper J. , Kim Ji‐Seon , Stingelin Natalie 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIt has been demonstrated that the 0‐0 absorption transition of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in blends with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) could be rationally tuned through the control of the liquid–liquid phase separation process during solution deposition. Pronounced J‐like aggregation behavior, characteristic for systems of a low exciton band width, was found for blends where the most pronounced liquid–liquid phase separation occurred in solution, leading to domains of P3HT and PEO of high phase purity. Since liquid–liquid phase separation could be readily manipulated either by the solution temperature, solute concentration, or deposition temperature, to name a few parameters, our findings promise the design from the out‐set of semiconductor:insulator architectures of pre‐defined properties by manipulation of the interaction parameter between the solutes as well as the respective solute:solvent system using classical polymer science principles. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 304–310
K114 (trans, trans)‐bromo‐2,5‐bis(4‐hydroxystyryl)benzene is an efficient detector of cationic amyloid fibrils
Authors: Selmani Veli , Robbins Kevin J. , Ivancic Valerie A. , Lazo Noel D. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCationic amyloid fibrils found in human semen enhance the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and thus, are named semen‐derived enhancer of virus infection (SEVI). The mechanism for the enhancement of transmission is not completely understood but it has been proposed that SEVI neutralizes the repulsion that exists between the negatively charged viral envelope and host cell membrane. Consistent with this view, here we show that the fluorescence of cationic thioflavin T (ThT) in the presence of SEVI is weak, and thus ThT is not an efficient detector of SEVI. On the other hand, K114 ((trans, trans)‐bromo‐2,5‐bis(4‐hydroxystyryl)benzene) forms a highly fluorescent, phenolate‐like species on the cationic surface of SEVI. This species does not form in the presence of amyloid fibrils from insulin and amyloid‐β protein, both of which are efficiently detected by ThT fluorescence. Together, our results show that K114 is an efficient detector of SEVI.
A dual‐observer approach for global output feedback stabilization of planar nonlinear systems with output‐dependent growth rates
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Qian Chunjiang , Li Shihua 
Published: December 2014

SummaryIn this paper, we investigate the problem of global output feedback stabilization for a class of planar nonlinear systems under a more general growth condition, which encompasses both lower‐order and higher‐order state growths with output‐dependent rates. For more accurate estimation, two new observers with nonlinear gains are constructed to estimate the states on the lower‐order and higher‐order scales, respectively. The estimates produced from the dual‐observer are used delicately in the output feedback control law with both lower‐order and higher‐order modes. The overall stability of the system is guaranteed by rigorously choosing these nonlinear gains in the control law and the dual‐observer.
Adaptive fault‐tolerant control for a class of output‐constrained nonlinear systems
Authors: Jin Xu 
Published: December 2014

SummaryIn this work, by incorporating a tan‐type barrier Lyapunov function into the Lyapunov function design, we present a novel adaptive fault‐tolerant control (FTC) scheme for a class of output‐constrained multi‐input single‐output nonlinear systems with actuator failures under the perturbation of both parametric and nonparametric system uncertainties. We show that under the proposed adaptive FTC scheme, exponential convergence of the output tracking error into a small set around zero is guaranteed, while the constraint requirement on the system output will not be violated during operation. In the end, two illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FTC scheme. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Therapeutic gold, silver, and platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Yamada Miko , Foote Matthew , Prow Tarl W. 
Published: December 2014

There are an abundance of nanoparticle technologies being developed for use as part of therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on a narrow class of metal nanoparticles that have therapeutic potential that is a consequence of elemental composition and size. The most widely known of these are gold nanoshells that have been developed over the last two decades for photothermal ablation in superficial cancers. The therapeutic effect is the outcome of the thickness and diameter of the gold shell that enables fine tuning of the plasmon resonance. When these metal nanoparticles are exposed to the relevant wavelength of light, their temperature rapidly increases. This in turn induces a localized photothermal ablation that kills the surrounding tumor tissue. Similarly, gold nanoparticles have been developed to enhance radiotherapy. The high‐Z nature of gold dramatically increases the photoelectric cross‐section. Thus, the photoelectric effects are significantly increased. The outcome of these interactions is enhanced tumor killing with lower doses of radiation, all while sparing tissue without gold nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles have been used for their wound healing properties in addition to enhancing the tumor‐killing effects of anticancer drugs. Finally, platinum nanoparticles are thought to serve as a reservoir for platinum ions that can induce DNA damage in cancer cells. The future is bright with the path to clinical trials is largely cleared for some of the less complex therapeutic metal nanoparticle systems. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:428–445. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1322This article is categorized under:

Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanoscale Tools and Techniques in Surgery