bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors that influence the success of a KM-program in a small-sized airport
Authors: Gamo-Sanchez Antonio-Luis , Cegarra-Navarro Juan-Gabriel 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to investigate the nature of what is referred to as the Knowledge Management Engineering & Maintenance Program, which is based on practices that influence the dissemination of knowledge in a structured and sustained manner within a small-sized airport. The air transport system has undergone important changes, particularly in the development of new knowledge management (KM) approaches. In practice, however, results have been mixed. Some programs have been successful, but implementation failures are common and the intended users are frequently reluctant to use such management structures. A possible explanation for efficiency and effectiveness gaps of services provided by these knowledge structures may relate to the advantages and disadvantages of the knowledge processes that airports highlight as a result of their differential structural properties.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using data collected from the Engineering & Maintenance Department at a Spanish Airport, this work has examined how the existence of some knowledge structures is linked to knowledge transfer and how this component is linked to customer service (external users, e.g. passengers; and internal users, including any airport staff).

Findings
– This paper reports a KM program, which is customized and based on four knowledge structures: technical infrastructure; people to facilitate and drive the process; a system that supports and rewards sharing; and the team leader.

Research limitations/implications
– Conducting this type of single case study (an interview-based case study approach) is to be understood foremost as a prelude to further quantitative studies including common measures for passengers and users, staff, managers and board members.

Originality/value
– In an applied sense, the model provides engineering and maintenance practitioners with identifiable factors, which enable the four frameworks and address the relevant issues by changing strategies at both the individual and the organizational levels. Without a KM program, practitioners may lose the ability to see the market signals stemming from the transport system members and they may decide to go solely by their own ways of doing and interpreting things.
Better knowledge with social media? Exploring the roles of social capital and organizational knowledge management
Authors: Bharati Pratyush , Zhang Wei , Chaudhury Abhijit 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore social media’s impact on organizational knowledge quality through the theoretical lens of social capital and resource exchange.Design/methodology/approach– This is a theory-confirming, quantitative study using panel data collected through a Web-based survey.Findings– The results show that while social media affects structural capital and cognitive capital directly, it only affects relational capital indirectly through structural and cognitive capital. Moreover, overall social media and the enhanced social capital do help promote organizational efforts in knowledge management, which subsequently leads to a higher level of organizational knowledge quality.Research limitations/implications– All survey respondents were from the USA, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. The authors also call for more research in establishing the time sequence in the proposed causal relations and in the individual-level mechanism through which social media promotes organizational knowledge quality.Practical implications– This study highlights both the potential and limitations of social media in promoting organizational knowledge management. Businesses must consciously manage the assimilation and use of social media to benefit from them.Originality/value– The authors position the study at the intersection of social media, social capital and knowledge management and explicate how social media work through social capital and organizational knowledge management efforts to affect knowledge quality.
Sound exposure in harbour seals during the installation of an offshore wind farm: predictions of auditory damage
Authors: Hastie Gordon D. , Russell Deborah J.F. , McConnell Bernie , Moss Simon , Thompson Dave , Janik Vincent M. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryWith ambitious renewable energy targets, pile driving associated with offshore wind farm construction will become widespread in the marine environment. Many proposed wind farms overlap with the distribution of seals, and sound from pile driving has the potential to cause auditory damage.We report on a behavioural study during the construction of a wind farm using data fromGPS/GSMtags on 24 harbour sealsPhoca vitulinaL. Pile driving data and acoustic propagation models, together with seal movement and dive data, allowed the prediction of auditory damage in each seal.Growth and recovery functions for auditory damage were combined to predict temporary auditory threshold shifts in each seal. Further, M‐weighted cumulative sound exposure levels [cSELs(Mpw)] were calculated and compared to permanent auditory threshold shift exposure criteria for pinnipeds in water exposed to pulsed sounds.The closest distance of each seal to pile driving varied from 4·7 to 40·5 km, and predicted maximumcSELs(Mpw) ranged from 170·7 to 195·3dBre 1μPa2‐s for individual seals. Comparison to exposure criteria suggests that half of the seals exceeded estimated permanent auditory damage thresholds.Prediction of auditory damage in marine mammals is a rapidly evolving field and has a number of key uncertainties associated with it. These include how sound propagates in shallow water environments and the effects of pulsed sounds on seal hearing; as such, our predictions should be viewed in this context.Policy implications. We predicted that half of the tagged seals received sound levels from pile driving that exceeded auditory damage thresholds for pinnipeds. These results have implications for offshore industry and will be important for policymakers developing guidance for pile driving. Developing engineering solutions to reduce sound levels at source or methods to deter animals from damage risk zones, or changing temporal patterns of piling could potentially reduce auditory damage risk. Future work should focus on validating these predictions by collecting auditory threshold information pre‐ and post‐exposure to pile driving. Ultimately, information on population‐level impacts of exposure to pile driving is required to ensure that offshore industry is developed in an environmentally sustainable manner.
The smallGTPaseMoYpt7 is required for membrane fusion in autophagy and pathogenicity ofMagnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Hong , Chen Si‐Miao , Gao Hui‐Min , Ning Guo‐Ao , Shi Huan‐Bin , Wang Yao , Dong Bo , Qi Yao‐Yao , Zhang Dong‐Mei , Lu Guo‐Dong , Wang Zong‐Hua , Zhou Jie , Lin Fu‐Cheng 
Published: May 2015

SummaryRabGTPases are required for vesicle–vacuolar fusion during vacuolar biogenesis in fungi. To date, little is known about the biological functions of theRab smallGTPase components inMagnaporthe oryzae. In this study, we investigatedMoYpt7 ofM. oryzae, a homologue of the smallRas‐likeGTPase Ypt7 inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Cellular localization assays showed thatMoYpt7 was predominantly localized to vacuolar membranes. Using a targeted gene disruption strategy, aΔMoYPT7mutant was generated that exhibited defects in mycelial growth and production of conidia. The conidia of theΔMoYPT7mutant were malformed and defective in the formation of appressoria. Consequently, theΔMoYPT7mutant failed to cause disease in rice and barley. Furthermore, theΔMoYPT7mutant showed impairment in autophagy, breached cell wall integrity, and higher sensitivity to both calcium and heavy metal stress. Transformants constitutively expressing an activeMoYPT7allele (MoYPT7‐CA,Gln67Leu) exhibited distinct phenotypes from theΔMoYPT7mutant. Expression ofMoYPT7‐CAinMoYpt7 reduced pathogenicity and produced more appressoria‐forming single‐septum conidia. These results indicate thatMoYPT7is required for fungal morphogenesis, vacuole fusion, autophagy, stress resistance and pathogenicity inM. oryzae.
Tariff Liberalisation, Price Transmission and Rural Welfare in China
Authors: Zhu Jing , Yu Wusheng , Wang Junying , Elleby Christian 
Published: May 2015

AbstractChina's tariff liberalisation as part of its WTO accession application and eventual agreement has been thoroughly analysed in the literature. However, much of this literature is based on forward‐looking ex‐ante analyses and few studies provide empirical evidence on its actual impact. We fill in this gap by evaluating empirically the welfare effects of China's actual tariff liberalisation on Chinese farmers during the 1997–2010 period. By estimating the domestic market price effects of China's tariff liberalisation and the associated wage earning effects, we find that on average Chinese farmers were able to gain more from reduced consumption prices than they would lose from reduced agricultural and wage income due to tariff liberalisation. Welfare gains over time are estimated to be positively correlated with the actual degrees of tariff liberalisation, implying that relatively more gains were realized immediately before and after China's WTO accession in 2001, as compared to the more recent period when relatively little liberalisation was carried out. Farmers’ rising non‐agricultural income and increasing consumption shares of non‐agricultural products are important determinants of these positive average welfare effects. Moreover, welfare gains from tariff liberalisation are shown to be distributed unevenly across Chinese provinces and income levels, with farmers located in coastal provinces and at higher income levels gaining more than their counterparts in remote provinces and at lower income levels.
Optimization of isolation and cultivation of bacterial endophytes through addition of plant extract to nutrient media
Authors: Eevers N. , Gielen M. , Sánchez‐López A. , Jaspers S. , White J. C. , Vangronsveld J. , Weyens N. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryMany endophytes have beneficial effects on plants and can be exploited in biotechnological applications. Studies hypothesize that only 0.001–1% of all plant‐associated bacteria are cultivable. Moreover, even after successful isolations, many endophytic bacteria often show reduced regrowth capacity. This research aimed to optimize isolation processes and culturing these bacteria afterwards. We compared several minimal and complex media in a screening. Beside the media themselves, two gelling agents and adding plant extract to media were investigated to enhance the number and diversity of endophytes as well as the growth capacity when regrown after isolation.In this work, 869 medium delivered the highest numbers of cultivable bacteria, as well as the highest diversity. When comparing gelling agents, no differences were observed in the numbers of bacteria. Adding plant extract to the media lead to a slight increase in diversity. However, when adding plant extract to improve the regrowth capacity, sharp increases of viable bacteria occurred in both rich and minimal media.
Associations of smoking and alcohol consumption with impaired β‐cell function in Chinese men
Authors: Xu Min , Zhou Yulin , Xu Baihui , Sun Jichao , Wang Tiange , Lu Jieli , Lai Shenghan , Bi Yufang , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of the present study were to examine the association of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption with impaired β‐cell function in Chinese men, particularly the interaction of smoking and alcohol consumption on impaired insulin secretion.MethodsA population‐based cross‐sectional study was performed in 3957 Chinese men aged ≥40 years. The homeostatic model assessment of β‐cell function (HOMA‐β) was calculated, and impaired β‐cell function was defined as less than the lowest quartile HOMA‐βcut‐off point.ResultsThe prevalence of impaired β‐cell function in current smokers and heavy drinkers (≥200 g/week) was significantly higher than in non‐smokers and non‐drinkers, respectively. Compared with non‐smoking, current smoking had an exacerbating relationship with impaired β‐cell function (odds ratio [OR] 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.47–2.15; P < 0.001). No significant association was found between impaired β‐cell function and former smoking (P = 0.21), although low and heavy drinking were associated with an increased risk of impaired β‐cell function (OR 1.40 [95% CI 1.07–1.81] and 2.14 [95% CI 1.77–2.58], respectively) compared with non‐drinking. The combination of current smoking and heavy drinking was associated with the highest risk of impaired β‐cell function (OR 3.16; 95% CI 2.43–4.12; P < 0.0001) after adjustment for confounders. We did not detect an additive interaction between current smoking and heavy drinking on the association with impaired β‐cell function.ConclusionsCigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were significantly and independently associated with impaired β‐cell function in Chinese men.
Ambulatory arterial stiffness index and carotid intima‐media thickness in hypertensive rheumatoid patients: a comparative cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mitrović Joško , Morović‐Vergles Jadranka , Horvatić Ivica , Badžak Jasna , Stojić Maristela , Gamulin Stjepan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAimRheumatoid arthritis is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. However, little is known about preclinical atherosclerosis in hypertensive rheumatoid arthritis patients. In this cross‐sectional study we assessed the expression of preclinical atherosclerosis in hypertensive rheumatoid arthritis patients in comparison with matched hypertensive non‐rheumatoid arthritis patients.MethodsThe study included 52 hypertensive rheumatoid arthritis patients and 42 hypertensive non‐rheumatoid arthritis patients. The patients were extensively examined clinically and laboratory tested. The expression of preclinical atherosclerosis was estimated by assessing ambulatory arterial stiffness index and common carotid intima‐media thickness.ResultsArterial stiffness index and common carotid intima‐media thickness were higher in hypertensive rheumatoid arthritis patients than in hypertensive non‐rheumatoid arthritis patients. There was no correlation between arterial stiffness index and common carotid intima‐media thickness with markers of inflammation and disease activity in hypertensive rheumatoid arthritis patients.ConclusionThe expression of subclinical atherosclerosis is more pronounced in hypertensive rheumatoid arthritis than in hypertensive non‐ rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis: 5 years follow‐up of three patients
Authors: Davatchi Fereydoun , Sadeghi Abdollahi Bahar , Mohyeddin Mandana , Nikbin Behrooz 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAimOsteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the destruction of joint cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are found in low numbers in normal cartilage, mainly in the superficial layer, acting as repairing agents. In OA, MSCs are seen in larger numbers, but act chaotic and are unable to repair the cartilage. The synovial membrane becomes inflamed and interacts with the cartilage. Transplanted MSC have the ability to normalize them, redirecting them to their normal function. In a preliminary study, we showed that MSC could improve knee OA in four patients at 6 months. This report shows their long‐term follow‐up at 5 years.MethodsOne patient was lost to follow‐up at 2 years and three were followed for 5 years. They were aged 55, 57, 65 and 54 years, and had moderate to severe knee osteoarthritis. The worse knee of each patient was injected with 8–9 × 106 MSC.ResultsAs previously reported, all parameters improved in transplant knees at 6 months (walking time, stair climbing, gelling pain, patella crepitus, flection contracture and the visual analogue score on pain). Then, they started gradually to deteriorate, but at 5 years they were still better than at baseline. PGA (Patient Global Assessment) improved from baseline to 5 years. The better knee at baseline (no MSC), continued its progression toward aggravation and at 5 years became the worse knee.ConclusionTransplant knees were all in a rather advanced stage of OA. Earlier transplantation may give better results in long‐term follow‐up. This is what future studies have to demonstrate.
Body mass index and exon 19 mutation as factors predicting the therapeutic efficacy of gefitinib in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Sun Hongyan , Sun Xiaoteng , Zhai Xiaoyu , Guo Jingfeng , Liu Yutao , Ying Jianming , Wang Ziping 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundMany randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) are advantageous over standard chemotherapy, either as front‐line treatment or as further management of patients with EGFR mutation‐positive non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, which subgroup of these patients could benefit more from EGFR‐TKIs needs to be further explored. In the present study, we explored the predictive factors in such cohorts of patients who received gefitinib.MethodsThe study included 95 patients with EGFR mutation‐positive advanced NSCLC who received gefitinib treatment. Multivariate analysis of progression‐free survival (PFS) was performed using classification and regression tree (CART) analysis to assess the effect of specific variables on PFS in subgroups of patients with similar clinical features.ResultsThe median PFS in patients with EGFR mutation‐positive advanced NSCLC who received gefitinib treatment was 13.3 months (95% confidence interval 9.4–17.2). CART analysis showed an initial split on body mass index (BMI); subsequently, three terminal subgroups were formed. The median PFS in the three subsets ranged from 8.2 to 15.2 months, in which the subgroup with a BMI less than or equal to 20.8 kg/m2 had the longest PFS (15.2 months). In addition, PFS in the EGFR exon 19 mutation group was better than in the other mutation site group (10.3 vs. 8.2 months).ConclusionsBMI and exon 19 mutation may be predictors of PFS in patients with EGFR mutation‐positive advanced NSCLC who receive gefitinib treatment. Both active EGFR mutation and patient‐specific factors may be used to predict the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR‐TKIs.
Declining populations of greater sage‐grouse: hunter motivations when numbers are low
Authors: Guttery M. R. , Messmer T. A. , Brunson M. W. , Robinson J. D. , Dahlgren D. K. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractAs a hunted species becomes increasingly rare, the effort required to locate and harvest an individual tends to increase. As rarity increases, governmental oversight, including changes in hunting regulations and protection of habitats and individuals using mechanisms such as the US Endangered Species Act (ESA), can be used to mitigate extinction risks. However, recent research has demonstrated the existence of a feedback mechanism through which increased rarity may increase hunter demand for opportunities to pursue rare species before the opportunity is lost. This phenomenon, referred to as the anthropogenic Allee effect, may exacerbate exploitation, thereby resulting in disproportionally large effects of harvest on vulnerable species. In 2010, the US Fish and Wildlife Service designated greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage‐grouse) as a candidate for listing under the ESA. Although sage‐grouse are a candidate for ESA listing, they are still hunted throughout much of their current range. In 2008, the demand for sage‐grouse hunting permits in Utah exceeded their availability, raising questions about why hunters choose to pursue this species. We hypothesized that the pending ESA listing decision increased hunter demand for permits. We surveyed randomly selected hunters who obtained permits to hunt sage‐grouse in Utah in 2008–2010 (n = 838) to determine their motivations for hunting sage‐grouse and determinants of hunter satisfaction. The most commonly reported reasons for hunting sage‐grouse were to spend time with family, for tradition and meat. Although the potential ESA listing was not a major motivational factor in 2009 or 2010, the percentage of respondents selecting this option did increase by 7%. Hunter awareness of the ESA listing petition also increased by 18% during this period. Our results provide new insights on the sociological importance and potential threats of hunting rare species.
Australian dentists: characteristics of those who employ or are willing to employ oral health therapists
Authors: Kempster C , Luzzi L , Roberts‐Thomson K 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere has been an increase in the availability of oral health therapists (OHTs) in the oral health workforce in the last decade. The impact these clinicians will have on the oral health of the general public is dependent on access pathways and utilization. This study aimed to profile Australian dentists who employ or are willing to employ OHTs and to explore the degree of association between dentist characteristics and employment decisions.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used a random sample of Australian dentists (n = 1169) from the Federal Australian Dental Association register in 2009. Participants were sent a postal questionnaire capturing dentist characteristics and oral health practitioner employment information.ResultsAn adjusted response rate of 55% was obtained. Dentists willing to employ OHTs included non‐metropolitan dentists, dentists in multiple surgery practices and those considering practice expansion. Age, gender and sector of practice were not significantly associated with retrospective employment decisions or willingness to employ in the future.ConclusionsCertain characteristics of dentists or of their practice are associated with their history of employment and willingness to employ OHTs. Employment decisions are more commonly related to entrepreneurial aspirations (expressed as a willingness to expand), sector of practice, surgery capacity and regionality over gender and age. Understanding the factors that influence the employment of OHTs is important in enhancing access pathways to the services provided by OHTs.