bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Wetting Gradient Janus Sports Bras for Efficient Sweat Removal: A Strategy to Improve Women's Sports Comfort and Health
Authors: Min Shuqiang , Xu Zixuan , Huang Yange , Wu Xianchang , Zhan Tonghuan , Yu Xiaohua , Wang He , Xu Bing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDeveloping Janus fabrics with excellent one‐way sweat transport capacity is an attractive way for providing comfort sensation and protecting the health during exercise. In this work, a 3D wetting gradient Janus fabric (3DWGJF) is first proposed to address the issue of excessive sweat accumulation in women's breasts, followed by integration with a sponge pad to form a 3D wetting gradient Janus sports bra (3DWGJSB). The 3D wetting gradient enables the prepared fabric to control the horizontal migration of sweat in one‐way mode (x/y directions) and then unidirectionally penetrate downward (z direction), finally keeping the water content on the inner side of 3DWGJF (skin side) at ≈0%. In addition, the prepared 3DWGJF has good water vapor transmittance rate (WVTR: 0.0409 g cm−2 h−1) and an excellent water evaporation rate (0.4704 g h−1). Due to the high adhesion of transfer prints to the fabrics and their excellent mechanical properties, the 3DWGJF is remarkably durable and capable of withstanding over 500 laundering cycles and 400 abrasion cycles. This work may inspire the design and fabrication of next‐generation moisture management fabrics with an effective sweat‐removal function for women's health.
Seismic performance of RC exterior wide beam–column joints
Authors: Jiang Qing , Su Wenji , Feng Yulong , Shen Jie , Fan Yonglong , Xuan Dianchun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, seven half‐scale specimens are used to investigate the effects of the beam–column width ratio, concrete strength, and axial load on the seismic performance of wide exterior beam–column joints. The test results show that all the specimens undergo bending damage at the beam end. The concrete damage in the core column is not significant, meeting the seismic requirements of strong column–weak beams and strong joint–weak members. For specimens with small beam widths, the increase in axial load can effectively reduce the damage to the concrete in the outer joint and increase the strength of the specimen. Increasing the beam width and concrete strength reduces the ductility of the specimen while increasing the strength of the specimen. The bonding performance of the longitudinal bars anchored outside the core column is poor, as bond–slip with the concrete is observed during the test. In addition, compared with ACI 318‐19, GB 50011‐2010 is more conservative for calculating the shear strength of exterior wide beam–column joints. Finally, a corresponding finite element model is established by MSC Marc and verified based on the experimental results.
V2O3/VN electrocatalysts with coherent heterogeneous interfaces for selecting low‐energy nitrogen reduction pathways
Authors: An Tae‐Yong , Xia Chengkai , Je Minyeong , Lee Hyunjung , Ji Seulgi , Kim Min‐Cheol , Surendran Subramani , Han Mi‐Kyung , Lim Jaehyoung , Lee Dong‐Kyu , Kim Joon Young , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Choi Heechae , Kim Jung Kyu , Sim Uk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a sustainable alternative to the Haber‒Bosch process for ammonia (NH3) production. However, the significant uphill energy in the multistep NRR pathway is a bottleneck for favorable serial reactions. To overcome this challenge, we designed a vanadium oxide/nitride (V2O3/VN) hybrid electrocatalyst in which V2O3 and VN coexist coherently at the heterogeneous interface. Since single‐phase V2O3 and VN exhibit different surface catalytic kinetics for NRR, the V2O3/VN hybrid electrocatalyst can provide alternating reaction pathways, selecting a lower energy pathway for each material in the serial NRR pathway. As a result, the ammonia yield of the V2O3/VN hybrid electrocatalyst was 219.6 µg h−1 cm−2, and the Faradaic efficiency was 18.9%, which is much higher than that of single‐phase VN, V2O3, and VNxOy solid solution catalysts without heterointerfaces. Density functional theory calculations confirmed that the composition of these hybrid electrocatalysts allows NRR to proceed from a multistep reduction reaction to a low‐energy reaction pathway through the migration and adsorption of intermediate species. Therefore, the design of metal oxide/nitride hybrids with coherent heterointerfaces provides a novel strategy for synthesizing highly efficient electrochemical catalysts that induce steps favorable for the efficient low‐energy progression of NRR.
Impacts and Trends on Global Supply Chain After COVID‐19 Outbreak
Authors: Figueira‐de‐Lemos Francisco , Silva Susana C. , Pinto Raquel P. , Kury Beatriz 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic has created many challenges for the modern and interconnected world we live in. Global supply chains (GSCs), which until this outbreak, had shown a certain level of responsiveness and reliability in responding to disruptions, were subject to a great test of their resilience. Adopting a qualitative research approach and carrying out in‐depth interviews with several different companies, it is shown that COVID‐19 has caused substantial harm to a variety of industries worldwide, compromising all nodes of their supply chain, from raw material assurance to the delivery of finished goods to consumers. Consequently, the disruption propagation was both from upstream and downstream of the value chain. The results also revealed some mitigation measures adopted and the intention to implement future ones to deal with consequences of potential future disruptions. Aiming to investigate if the pandemic crisis was intensifying deglobalization trends, the study also researched the relationship between supply chain disruptions and their impact on global trade. The analysis pointed to a deacceleration of international trade during the first months of the disease, mainly due to the closure of borders, but after this period, global dynamics started to be re‐established, suggesting that there is not an intensification of deglobalization trends. The study is considered relevant to the literature, as it brings more evidence and diversified viewpoints from various interviewees and industries in a recovering phase of COVID‐19 impacts, as well as to GSCs' decision‐makers since it brings about some managerial insights to better navigate through crises.
Premature recovery from general anaesthesia in an adult Limousin bull
Authors: Greenhalgh Stephen Nicholas , Wood Paul , Leigh Hannah , Clutton Richard Eddie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis case report describes the premature and unanticipated recovery of a bull from general anaesthesia for penile surgery. Retrospective review revealed: (i) the elements of case management that contributed to this critical event; and (ii) other measures that allowed prompt control, thus minimising risk to the subject and personnel. The case highlights the challenges of monitoring depth of anaesthesia in large ruminants and illustrates that non‐surgical stimuli such as hoisting can be equally, if not more, stimulating than surgery itself. Finally, practical recommendations are made to: (i) reduce the likelihood of this problem recurring; and (ii) limit the risk of harm to patient or personnel if it does.
The DIA-Estimator for Positional Integrity: Design and Computational Challenges
Authors: Teunissen P. J. G. , Ciuban S. , Yin C. , Noort B. G. van , Zaminpardaz S. , Tiberius C. C. J. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe geodetic method of positional data processing is usually not one of position estimation only, nor one of model testing only, but usually one in which estimation and testing are combined. The Detection, Identification and Adaptation (DIA)-estimator captures the statistical intricacies of this combination, providing a unifying framework for rigorous analyses of positional integrity and quality control procedures. However, to be able to establish fit-for-purpose quality control, not only solutions for the forward problem (quality of control) need to be available, but also for the inverse problem (control of quality). With the DIA-estimator and its multi-modal probability density function (PDF), we have solutions available for the forward problem, but not yet for the inverse problem. That is, no objective methods and strategies are currently available that allow one to design DIA-estimators specifically for given fit-for-purpose quality criteria. In this invited contribution we present and illustrate some of the underlying design and computational challenges that are brought forward by the complexities of the inverse problem. This relates, amongst others, to the DIA-variables, such as the chosen partitioning of the misclosure space, and to the ‘winner-takes-all’ structure of the DIA-class of estimators currently employed. To appreciate the fundamental differences with the traditional estimation-only approaches, we also show how the position probability distribution, and therefore the quality of positioning, is affected and driven by the combination of estimation and testing. For an underpinning of the design and computational challenges various numerical and graphical examples are presented.
Optimal Control of Hydropower Stations Composed of Identical Generators
Authors: Yao Fulai , Yao Yaming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere are many hydropower stations (HPS) around the world, which consist of hydropower units that convert the potential energy of water in rivers or reservoirs into electrical energy. Global hydropower generation in 2022 totaled 4,334.190 billion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 1.1%. The proportion of global hydropower generation in total global power generation was 16.0% in 2022.
Optimal Control and Scheduling of Distribution Stations
Authors: Yao Fulai , Yao Yaming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe electricity generated by the power plant is sent to the distribution station, and then transmitted to factories, mines and households through the public power grid. An enterprise power distribution station may also have many transformers, and the number of transformers used and power distribution are adjusted to transmit power to each workshop. The electricity consumed by power transmission and distribution is very considerable, and a large number of scientists, scholars, students and engineers are engaged in research in this field. This chapter will discuss this issue.
A Property that Characterizes the Enneper Surface and Helix Surfaces
Authors: Lucas Pascual , Ortega-Yagües José Antonio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe main goal of this paper is to show that helix surfaces and the Enneper surface are the only surfaces in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space $$\mathbb {R}^{3}$$

R

3

whose isogonal lines are generalized helices and pseudo-geodesic lines.
Traumatische Hemipelvektomie
Authors: Pfalzgraf F. , Ecker M. , Goßlau Y. , Mayr E. 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Herausforderung in der Behandlung der traumatischen Hemipelvektomie ist die Dynamik der komplexen und lebensbedrohlichen Verletzungsfolgen. Dies umfasst zum einen den Haut- und Weichteildefekt, die ossären, nervalen und vasalen Verletzungen, zum anderen die konsekutiv hämostaseologische Entgleisung und Organdysfunktion im Rahmen des Schockgeschehens. Die Behandlung an sich fordert schnelle und zielgerichtete Entscheidungen, um das Leben des Patienten zu erhalten. Im vorliegenden Fall wurde ein 34-jähriger Landwirt zwischen einem Radlader und einem stehenden Anhänger eingeklemmt. Bei seiner Ankunft im Krankenhaus befand sich der Patient in einem hämorrhagischen Schock mit begleitender akuter traumatischer Koagulopathie und einem III-gradig offenen Beckentrauma mit einer vollständigen Ischämie des linken Beins sowie auch einer Blasenverletzung. Nach notfallmäßiger operativer Versorgung und zweizeitiger Stabilisierung des Beckens kam es im weiteren Verlauf zu einer Verschlechterung des Zustandes hin zum Multiorganversagen, wodurch die linksseitige Hemipelvektomie als lebensrettende Maßnahme notwendig wurde. Anschließend waren bei Wundinfektion und bestehenden Haut- und Weichteilschaden mehrere Revisionseingriffe und plastische Rekonstruktionen notwendig. Aufgrund der im Alltag seltenen Konfrontation mit dieser Art von Verletzung und eines nichtallgemeingültigen Therapiealgorithmus soll folgender Fallbericht zum besseren Verständnis der Behandlung sowie auch zur Darstellung der in sich zusammenhängenden Wechselwirkungen der einzelnen betroffenen Organsystemen dienen.
Diverse growth rates in Triassic archosaurs—insights from a small terrestrial Middle Triassic pseudosuchian
Authors: Klein Nicole 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe small pseudosuchian Benggwigwishingasuchus eremacarminis was found in Anisian (Middle Triassic) marine sediments. Neither the skeleton nor osteohistology or microanatomy shows any secondary aquatic adaptations, and a dominantly terrestrial lifestyle of this new taxon is evident. Bone tissue consists of a scaffold of parallel-fibered matrix, which is moderately vascularized by small, mainly longitudinal primary osteons. The innermost cortex is less densely vascularized and more highly organized. No parts of the cortex contain any woven bone. The cortex is regularly stratified by annual growth marks. Bone tissue and growth pattern indicate an adult individual that has had slow growth rates throughout its ontogeny. Tissue type, slow growth rate, and inferred low resting metabolic rate of Benggwigwishingasuchus are similar to that of crocodylomorphs but differ from that of Sillosuchus and Effigia, poposaurids to which Benggwigwishingasuchus is related based on phylogenetic analyses. However, according to current knowledge, growth rates in early archosaurs are more likely influenced by body size and environment than by phylogeny. Benggwigwishingasuchus is thus another example of unpredictable variability in growth rates within Triassic archosaurs.
Feasibility and performance of spin-echo EPI MR elastography at 3 Tesla for staging hepatic fibrosis in the presence of hepatic iron overload
Authors: Sgier David , Stocker Daniel , Jüngst Christoph , Renzulli Melanie , Biletska-Hanchorova Hanna , Weber Achim , Kannengiesser Stephan , Gubler Christoph , Reiner Caecilia S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the feasibility and performance of MR elastography (MRE) for quantifying liver fibrosis in patients with and without hepatic iron overload.

Methods
This retrospective single-center study analyzed 139 patients who underwent liver MRI at 3 Tesla including MRE (2D spin-echo EPI sequence) and R2* mapping for liver iron content (LIC) estimation. MRE feasibility and diagnostic performance between patients with normal and elevated LIC were compared.

Results
Patients with elevated LIC (21%) had significantly higher MRE failure rates (24.1% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001) compared to patients with normal LIC (79%). For those with only insignificant to mild iron overload (LIC < 5.4 mg/g; 17%), MRE failure rate did not differ significantly from patients without iron overload (8.3% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.315). R2* predicted MRE failure with fair accuracy at a threshold of R2* ≥ 269 s−1 (LIC of approximately 4.6 mg/g). MRE showed good diagnostic performance for detecting significant (≥ F2) and severe fibrosis (≥ F3) in patients without (AUC 0.835 and 0.900) and with iron overload (AUC 0.818 and 0.889) without significant difference between the cohorts (p = 0.884 and p = 0.913). For detecting cirrhosis MRE showed an excellent diagnostic performance in both groups (AUC 0.944 and 1.000, p = 0.009).

Conclusion
Spin-echo EPI MRE at 3 Tesla is feasible in patients with mild iron overload with good to excellent performance for detecting hepatic fibrosis with a failure rate comparable to patients without iron overload.
Targeted redox-responsive peptide for arterial chemoembolization therapy of orthotropic hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xia Yimao , Li Xin , Liu Fengyong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objective
Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) is the first choice for the treatment of advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, TACE suffers from a lack of specificity and rapid drug release. Herein, a targeted redox-responsive peptide (TRRP) was synthesized and used as a carrier of doxorubicin (DOX) to enhance the efficacy of TACE through tumor cells targeting and controlled drug release.

Methods
TRRP has a high loading capacity of DOX and a sensitive drug release behavior at high glutathione (GSH) concentration. Moreover, TRRP could bind to the transferrin receptor on the surface of tumor cells, which enhanced the efficacy of TACE and reduced side effects of TACE. TACE with TRRP@DOX dispersed in lipiodol shows an enhanced therapeutic outcome compared to the treatment with DOX + lipiodol emulsion in orthotopic rat HCC models.

Results
TRRP has a high loading capacity of DOX and a sensitive drug release behavior at GSH concentration. Moreover, TRRP could bind to the transferrin receptor on the surface of tumor cells, which enhanced the efficacy of TACE and reduced side effects of TACE. TACE with TRRP@DOX dispersed in lipiodol shows an enhanced therapeutic outcome compared to the treatment with DOX + lipiodol emulsion in orthotopic rat HCC models.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that TRRP was a promising therapeutic agent for enhancing TACE therapy for HCC treatment.

Graphical abstract
Intracellular galectin interactions in health and disease
Authors: Jacob Ralf , Gorek Lena-Sophie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the galectin family, a group of lectins is united by their evolutionarily conserved carbohydrate recognition domains. These polypeptides play a role in various cellular processes and are implicated in disease mechanisms such as cancer, fibrosis, infection, and inflammation. Following synthesis in the cytosol, manifold interactions of galectins have been described both extracellularly and intracellularly. Extracellular galectins frequently engage with glycoproteins or glycolipids in a carbohydrate-dependent manner. Intracellularly, galectins bind to non-glycosylated proteins situated in distinct cellular compartments, each with multiple cellular functions. This diversity complicates attempts to form a comprehensive understanding of the role of galectin molecules within the cell. This review enumerates intracellular galectin interaction partners and outlines their involvement in cellular processes. The intricate connections between galectin functions and pathomechanisms are illustrated through discussions of intracellular galectin assemblies in immune and cancer cells. This underscores the imperative need to fully comprehend the interplay of galectins with the cellular machinery and to devise therapeutic strategies aimed at counteracting the establishment of galectin-based disease mechanisms.
Gut microbiota-derived metabolites tune host homeostasis fate
Authors: Kim Seungil , Seo Sang-Uk , Kweon Mi-Na 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe gut microbiota, housing trillions of microorganisms within the gastrointestinal tract, has emerged as a critical regulator of host health and homeostasis. Through complex metabolic interactions, these microorganisms produce a diverse range of metabolites that substantially impact various physiological processes within the host. This review aims to delve into the intricate relationships of gut microbiota-derived metabolites and their influence on the host homeostasis. We will explore how these metabolites affect crucial aspects of host physiology, including metabolism, mucosal integrity, and communication among gut tissues. Moreover, we will spotlight the potential therapeutic applications of targeting these metabolites to restore and sustain host equilibrium. Understanding the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and their metabolites is crucial for developing innovative strategies to promote wellbeing and improve outcomes of chronic diseases.
Quantifizierung von Ki-67 in PitNET („pituitary neuroendocrine tumors“)/Adenomen
Authors: Klein Judith , Saeger Kai , Saeger Wolfgang 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Studie vergleicht erstmals die Bestimmung des Ki-67-Index bei PitNET/Hypophysenadenomen durch Pathologen mit einer computergestützten Methode (Cognition MasterSuite, Fa. VMScope, Berlin). PitNET/Hypophysenadenomen weisen häufig einen geringen Proliferationsindex aus. Eine hohe Observervariabilität besteht v. a. bei der Schätzung in diesem niedrigen Prozentbereich. Eine zuverlässigere Festlegung wäre durch das 4‑Augen-Prinzip möglich, das jedoch nicht kontinuierlich zu realisieren ist. Abhilfe verspricht hier die digitale Bildanalyse. In der Untersuchung konnte eine deutliche Übereinstimmung der Ki-67-Schätzung durch zwei erfahrene Pathologen und der Bestimmung mit Hilfe der digitalen Bildanalyse gezeigt werden. Das digitale Bildanalysesystem ist hervorragend zur Bestimmung der Proliferationsrate von PitNET/Hypophysenadenomen geeignet und kann daher das „dritte“ und „vierte Auge“ darstellen.
Neuroethik – ein Überblick über Anwendungsgebiete und zentrale Fragestellungen
Authors: Rubeis Giovanni 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Neuroethik ist ein Ansatz der angewandten Ethik, der sich mit unterschiedlichen Handlungsfeldern der Neurowissenschaften und Neuromedizin befasst. Ein wesentliches Ziel der Neuroethik ist es, auf der Grundlage interdisziplinärer Forschung den jeweiligen Akteuren eine ethische Orientierung zu geben und sie in ihrem Handeln zu unterstützen. Der Anwendungsbereich der Neuroethik umfasst primär die neurowissenschaftliche Grundlagenforschung, die klinischen Interventionen in der Neurologie und die Neurotechnik. In jedem dieser Handlungsfelder ergeben sich spezifische ethische Herausforderungen.Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden einige dieser Herausforderungen und die damit zusammenhängenden ethischen Fragen erörtert. Dazu gehören etwa die ethischen Aspekte des Neuroimagings, die Debatte um den irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfall als Todeskriterium oder die Implikationen von Neuroenhancement. Dabei sind philosophisch-ethische Themen wie Personalität und Persönlichkeitsrechte, das Verständnis von Bewusstsein sowie die Zulässigkeit kognitiver Verbesserungen mit technischen Mitteln angesprochen. Der Beitrag leistet hierzu nur einen Überblick, der in das Thema einführen und zu einer tiefergehenden Auseinandersetzung einladen soll.