bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What good soldiers are made of: the role of personality similarity
Authors: Lai Jennifer YM , Lam Simon SK , Chow Cheris WC 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– Previous studies have often yielded mixed results in relation to the similar-to-me effect on extra-role behaviors. Based on social exchange theory, the purpose of this paper is to uncover the contribution of personality similarity to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), a type of extra-role behaviors.Design/methodology/approach– Questionnaire surveys were conducted in a multinational bank in Hong Kong. The participants were matched sample of 403 customer service representatives from 81 teams and their corresponding team supervisors.Findings– Personality similarity to peers and supervisors had a positive impact on individual OCB (OCB-I) and organizational OCB (OCB-O), respectively, through better communication and social integration. Moreover, personality similarity to peers was related only to OCB-I, whereas personality similarity to supervisor was associated only with OCB-O.Research limitations/implications– Subordinates perform different facets of OCB depending on the subjects they are similar to in terms of personality. Being similar to others could facilitate communication and social integration, which in turn promote OCB targeted at similar individuals. The importance of distinguishing the similarity effects of peers and supervisors separately as well as scrutinizing the effects of different forms of OCB warrants future research attention.Practical implications– Managers can promote OCB by enhancing communication and social integration among employees and supervisors.Social implications– As OCB enhances organizational effectiveness, the economic development of society in general will eventually benefit from having more effective organizations.Originality/value– This study addresses the inconsistent findings of previous studies regarding the impact of similarity on OCB. It demonstrates the contribution of personality similarity to OCB beyond the confounding effects of judgment bias. It also advances theory by studying personality similarity to peers in addition to the commonly studied similarity to supervisors.
Activation of inflammasome by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in bacteria‐mediated cancer therapy
Authors: Phan Thuy Xuan , Nguyen Vu Hong , Duong Mai Thi‐Quynh , Hong Yeongjin , Choy Hyon E. , Min Jung‐Joon 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTEscherichia coli and attenuated Salmonella both naturally accumulate in a tumor mass, yet have distinct therapeutic efficacy: the E. coli K‐12 strain (MG1655) cannot induce as significant a tumor suppression as attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, despite similar levels of accumulation in the tumor. To elucidate the mechanism of the robust antitumor effect of S. typhimurium, the cytokine profiles elicited by bacterial colonization in tumors were analyzed. C57BL/6 mice bearing MC38 tumors were injected with Salmonella or MG1655 in the tail vein. Tumors were collected 3 days post‐infection and homogenized. Inflammasome‐related signals were measured by real‐time PCR, ELISA and western blot analysis. Only attenuated Salmonella triggered significant levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL‐1β in the tumor, whereas tumor growth was significantly suppressed. In addition, transcript levels of the core molecules of inflammasome signaling, IPAF, NLRP3 and P2X7, were significantly elevated only in Salmonella‐treated tumors. Upon direct interaction between Salmonella and BMDM, BMDM expressed inflammasome‐related proteins such as NLRP3, IPAF and caspase‐1 p10, and secreted a significant amount of IL‐1β in supernatants. Coincubation assays with BMDM and Salmonella‐treated MC38 cells (damaged cancer cells) revealed secretion of IL‐1β only when TLR4 and inflammasome were activated by both LPS and damaged cancer cells. ATP released from damaged cancer cells was also identified as a mechanism of NLRP3 activation. In conclusion, Salmonella activate the inflammasome pathway using damage signals released from cancer cells and through direct interaction with macrophages.
Efficacy of lecture‐based environmental education for biodiversity conservation: a robust controlled field experiment with recreational anglers engaged in self‐organized fish stocking
Authors: Fujitani Marie L. , McFall Andrew , Randler Christoph , Arlinghaus Robert 
Published: October 2015

Summary

Fish stocking constitutes a widespread management tool for freshwater fisheries, but depending on configuration can be economically wasteful, ecologically harmful and lead to irreversible biodiversity loss. We conducted a large‐scale controlled experiment of a lecture intervention to understand whether communication of neutrally worded scientific information about sustainable fish stocking might alter anglers’ ecological knowledge and cognitions (e.g. functional beliefs and attitudes) about the benefits and potential costs of fish stocking.

Seventeen angler clubs from Germany who engage in self‐organized fish stocking were randomly assigned to receive either a stocking lecture or a control lecture (on general fish management). From each club, self‐selected anglers including water‐body managers (N = 201) completed a questionnaire on ecological knowledge and cognitions about stocking before the lecture, immediately after the lecture and 10 months later to assess long‐term retention. Data were analysed using Before‐After‐Control‐Impact analysis with club‐level random effects.

Compared to the control group (n = 86), anglers in the treatment (n = 115) showed a significant post‐lecture increase in knowledge in all six topics taught about the biological nuances of stocking and potential risks. However, there were no changes in stocking‐related attitudes or personal norms towards future stocking.

Only one knowledge domain was retained long‐term (10 months): the understanding that stocking does not always have additive fishery effects (P < 0·05). There were also trends indicating long‐term knowledge gains related to the genetic risks of stocking and the advantages of local adaptation, and a decreased functional belief in stocking efficacy (P < 0·08). These results suggest that participants may engage more cautiously in fish stocking in the future.

Synthesis and applications. Lectures will continue to be a dominant mode of environmental education due to convenience and familiarity, particularly for stakeholders participating during leisure time and in contexts where training lectures are legally required. Our results show that lectures can effectively communicate complex ecological topics and lead to knowledge gain. Lectures on natural resource management will be most effective when addressing issues of high relevance to stakeholder's interests and modifying current practices, but changes in basic cognitions may require a more active learning environment.
Effect of Product Dimensions and Surface Browning Method on Salmonella Contamination in Frozen, Surface‐Browned, Breaded Chicken Products Treated with Antimicrobials
Authors: Moschonas Galatios , Geornaras Ifigenia , Stopforth Jarret D. , Woerner Dale R. , Belk Keith E. , Smith Gary C. , Sofos John N. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNot‐ready‐to‐eat breaded chicken products formulated with antimicrobial ingredients were tested for the effect of sample dimensions, surface browning method and final internal sample temperature on inoculated Salmonella populations. Fresh chicken breast meat portions (5 × 5 × 5 cm), inoculated with Salmonella (7‐strain mixture; 5 log CFU/g), were mixed with (5% v/w total moisture enhancement) (i) distilled water (control), (ii) caprylic acid (CAA; 0.0625%) and carvacrol (CAR; 0.075%), (iii) CAA (0.25%) and ε‐polylysine (POL; 0.5%), (iv) CAR (0.15%) and POL (0.5%), or (v) CAA (0.0625%), CAR (0.075%) and POL (0.5%). Sodium chloride (1.2%) and sodium tripolyphosphate (0.3%) were added to all treatments. The mixtures were then ground and formed into 9 × 5 × 3 cm (150 g) or 9 × 2.5 × 2 cm (50 g) portions. The products were breaded, browned in (i) an oven (208 °C, 15 min) or (ii) deep fryer (190 °C, 15 s), packaged, and stored at –20 °C (8 d). Overall, maximum internal temperatures of 62.4 ± 4.0 °C (9 × 2.5 × 2 cm) and 46.0 ± 3.0 °C (9 × 5 × 3 cm) were reached in oven‐browned samples, and 35.0 ± 1.1 °C (9 × 2.5 × 2 cm) and 31.7 ± 2.6 °C (9 × 5 × 3 cm) in fryer‐browned samples. Irrespective of formulation treatment, total (after frozen storage) reductions of Salmonella were greater (P < 0.05) for 9 × 2.5 × 2 cm oven‐browned samples (3.8 to at least 4.6 log CFU/g) than for 9 × 5 × 3 cm oven‐browned samples (0.7 to 2.5 log CFU/g). Product dimensions did not (P ≥ 0.05) affect Salmonella reductions (0.6 to 2.8 log CFU/g) in fryer‐browned samples. All antimicrobial treatments reduced Salmonella to undetectable levels (<0.3 log CFU/g) in oven‐browned 9 × 2.5 × 2 cm samples. Overall, the data may be useful for the selection of antimicrobials, product dimensions, and surface browning methods for reducing Salmonella contamination.
Qualitative evaluation of a novel contingency management‐related intervention for patients receiving supervised injectable opioid treatment
Authors: Neale Joanne , Tompkins Charlotte N. E. , Strang John 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimTo evaluate a novel contingency management (CM)‐related intervention for people experiencing complex drug problems, thereby increasing understanding of CM implementation in real‐world settings. Objectives are to provide new insights into (i) how context influences intervention delivery; (ii) aspects of intervention delivery that influence outcomes; and (iii) intervention outcomes.DesignQualitative realist evaluation of a novel CM‐related intervention: conditional budgets (CB).SettingSupervised injectable opioid treatment (IOT) clinic in England (May 2014–March 2015).ParticipantsTwenty IOT clinic patients (14 men; six women); 10 IOT clinic staff (seven men; three women).MeasurementsSemi‐structured interviews systematically coded relating to knowledge and views of the intervention, experiences of delivering/receiving the intervention, and effectiveness of the intervention.InterventionPersonal budgets provided to patients who reduced their supervised IOT while demonstrating ongoing stability.Findings(i) Contextual factors influencing intervention delivery included patient motivation; clarity of intervention information; prior trust in the treatment system; patient and staff involvement in intervention design; stability of the treatment setting. (ii) Aspects of delivery influencing outcomes included transparency of the eligibility criteria, rules and operating processes; rule enforcement; continued verbal information about the intervention; speed of incentive processing and receipt. (iii) Reduced drug use was difficult to attribute to CBs, as patients who did well were those most motivated to change before the intervention started. Unintended outcomes were positive (improved patient psychological wellbeing, staff job satisfaction, staff/patient relationships) and negative (patient relapse, increased staff work‐load, tensions in clinic relationships).ConclusionsA ‘qualitative realist’ evaluation of a contingency management intervention to help address complex substance use disorder problems suggests that the programmes need to have stakeholder input, implement consistent eligibility criteria, rules and processes and be introduced into stable treatment settings where relationships are trusting and patients and staff feel secure.
Notalgia paraesthetica: A pilot study of treatment with simple exercises and stretches
Authors: Zagarella Samuel , Kapila Shivam , Fallahi Alireza 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNotalgia paraesthetica is a distressing condition for which current treatments are either poorly effective or have unacceptable adverse effects. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a programme of simple exercises and stretches for this condition. In total, 12 patients participated in a trial of simple exercises and stretches over 12 weeks, designed to relieve the sensory neuropathy caused by paraspinal muscle entrapment. Of the 12 patients 11 achieved satisfactory amelioration of their symptoms with no adverse effects. Our pilot study was unblinded and consisted of small patient numbers. Further research to evaluate this approach is warranted.
Bilateral uveal melanomas with different gene expression detected with 7 years interval
Authors: Eide Nils , Garred Øystein , Beiske Klaus , Fodstad Øystein 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeTo report a bilateral uveal melanoma detected in a micrometastasis study.MethodCase report.ResultsAt enucleation of a circumpapillary amelanotic mixed melanoma in a patient with ocular melanocytosis, a pigmented lesion in the other eye was detected, thought to be a naevus. BAP1 was positive showing nuclear staining of the tumour cells. Seven years later the naevus showed growth and development of a retinal detachment. FNAB disclosed monosomy 3 in the spindle tumour cells.ConclusionA case of bilateral melanoma with long‐term survival without metastatic diseases is reported. Different gene expressions in the two eyes were revealed. The case is a reminder that follow‐up over years is essential in patients with a uveal melanoma, especially with ocular melanocytosis.
sTREM‐1 in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis
Authors: Essa Enas S. , Elzorkany Khaled M. A. 
Published: October 2015

The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (TREM‐1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. TREM‐1 has been implicated as an amplifier of inflammation. Soluble TREM‐1 (sTREM‐1) was investigated in different clinical conditions, but not in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We aimed to investigate sTREM‐1 as a marker of inflammation in HD patients. We investigated 40 CKD patients undergoing chronic HD treatment and 15 controls. Routine laboratory investigations in addition to CRP measured by immunoturbidimetry, TNF‐ α, and sTREM‐1 measured by ELISA were assayed in post–hemodialysis patients’ blood samples and in controls’ blood samples. CRP, TNF‐α, and sTREM‐1 levels were significantly higher in HD patients than in controls (p < 0.001 for all). sTREM‐1 was positively correlated with CRP and TNF‐α (r = +0.50, p < 0.001 and r = +0.53, p < 0.001 respectively). It was negatively correlated with hemoglobin concentration (r = −0.69, p < 0.001). Hemoglobin concentration was the significant predictor of sTREM‐1 level (p < 0.001). In conclusion, sTREM‐1 level is significantly increased in HD patients as are other pro‐inflammatory markers.
Capitalizing on Opportunistic Data for Monitoring Relative Abundances of Species
Authors: Giraud Christophe , Calenge Clément , Coron Camille , Julliard Romain 
Published: October 2015

Summary
With the internet, a massive amount of information on species abundance can be collected by citizen science programs. However, these data are often difficult to use directly in statistical inference, as their collection is generally opportunistic, and the distribution of the sampling effort is often not known. In this article, we develop a general statistical framework to combine such “opportunistic data” with data collected using schemes characterized by a known sampling effort. Under some structural assumptions regarding the sampling effort and detectability, our approach makes it possible to estimate the relative abundance of several species in different sites. It can be implemented through a simple generalized linear model. We illustrate the framework with typical bird datasets from the Aquitaine region in south-western France. We show that, under some assumptions, our approach provides estimates that are more precise than the ones obtained from the dataset with a known sampling effort alone. When the opportunistic data are abundant, the gain in precision may be considerable, especially for rare species. We also show that estimates can be obtained even for species recorded only in the opportunistic scheme. Opportunistic data combined with a relatively small amount of data collected with a known effort may thus provide access to accurate and precise estimates of quantitative changes in relative abundance over space and/or time.
Trends in stage‐specific incidence of prostate cancer in Norway, 1980–2010: a population‐based study
Authors: Møller Mette H. , Kristiansen Ivar S. , Beisland Christian , Rørvik Jarle , Støvring Henrik 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveTo estimate changes in the stage distribution of prostate cancer during the time period where opportunistic prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) testing was introduced.Patients and MethodsCancer stage, age, and year of diagnosis were obtained for all men aged >50 years diagnosed with prostate cancer in Norway during the period 1980–2010. Three calendar‐time periods (1980–1989, 1990–2000, and 2001–2010) and three age groups (50–65, 66–74, and ≥75 years) were defined. Birth cohorts were categorised into four intervals: ≤1915, 1916–1925, 1926–1940 and ≥1941. We used Poisson regressions to conduct both a time period and cohort‐based analysis of trends in the incidence of localised, regional, and distant cancer for each combination of age groups and calendar‐time periods or birth cohorts, respectively. Additionally, we explored the effect of cohorts on the stage‐specific incidence graphically with a Poisson regression using 5‐year age groups, and by estimating cumulative incidence rates for each birth cohort.ResultsThe annual incidence of localised cancers among men aged 50–65 and 66–74 years rose from 41.4 and 255.2 per 100 000, respectively, before the introduction of PSA testing to 137.9 and 418.7 in 2001–2010 afterwards, corresponding to 3.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.1–3.5] and 1.6 (95% CI 1.6–1.7) fold increases. The incidence of regional cancers increased by a factor seven among men aged <75 years. The incidence of distant cancers in men aged ≥75 years decreased by 29% (95% CI 25–33%). These findings were confirmed in the cohort‐based approach.ConclusionOpportunistic PSA testing substantially increased the incidence of localised and regional prostate cancers among men aged 50–74 years, which was not fully compensated by the 30% decrease in incidence of distant prostate cancers in older men.
‘Start to finish trans‐institutional transdisciplinary care’: a novel approach improves colorectal surgical results in frail elderly patients
Authors: Chia C. L. K. , Mantoo S. K. , Tan K. Y. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimThe frail elderly surgical patient is at increased risk of morbidity after major surgery. A transdisciplinary Geriatric Surgery Service (GSS) has been shown to produce consistently positive results in our institution. A trans‐institutional transdisciplinary Start to Finish (STF) programme was initiated incorporating seamless prehabilitation and rehabilitation to enhance the outcome further.MethodPatients who underwent major colorectal resection in Khoo Teck Puat Hospital and were managed under the GSS from January 2007 to December 2014 were included in this prospective study. The STF programme was initiated from January 2012. The surgical outcome of patients managed under the GSS before the initiation of STF was compared with that after its implementation.ResultsThere were 57 patients after the initiation of the STF programme compared with 60 patients managed before STF. There were 26.4% and 25% of frail patients in the STF group compared with the non‐STF group (P = 0.874). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the STF group (8.4 days vs 11.0 days, P = 0.029). Functional recovery in patients available for follow‐up at 6 weeks showed 100% (46/46) recovery in the elective STF group who received prehabilitation and 95.7% (45/47) in the elective non‐STF group who did not (P = 0.157). There were no significant differences in a Clavien–Dindo complication score of Grade 3 or more and 30‐day mortality between the two groups.ConclusionThrough a trans‐institutional transdisciplinary approach, we managed to achieve a significantly shorter hospital stay in frail patients having colorectal surgery. All elective patients who received prehabilitation achieved full functional recovery.
Normalisation theory: Does it accurately describe temporal changes in adolescent drunkenness and smoking?
Authors: Sznitman Sharon R. , Zlotnick Cheryl , Harel‐Fisch Yossi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroduction and AimsThe multiple risk model postulates that accumulating risk factors increase adolescent drunkenness and smoking. The normalisation theory adds to this by arguing that the relation between accumulative risk and drunkenness and smoking is dependent on the distribution of these behaviours in the larger population. More concretely, normalisation theory predicts that: (i) when population level use increases, low risk adolescents will be more likely to use alcohol and cigarettes; and (ii) adolescents facing multiple risk factors will be equally likely to use alcohol and cigarettes, regardless of trends in population level use. The current study empirically tests these assumptions on five waves of nationally representative samples of Israeli Jewish youth.Design and MethodsFive cross‐sectional waves of data from the Israeli Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children survey for Jewish 10th graders were used. Logistic regression models measured the impact of changes in population level use across waves on drunkenness and smoking, and their association with differing levels of risk factors.ResultsBetween zero and two risk factors, the risk of drunkenness and smoking increases for each additional risk factor. When reaching two risk factors, added risk does not significantly increase the likelihood of smoking and drunkenness. Changes in population level drunkenness and smoking did not systematically relate to changes in the individual level relationship between risk factors and smoking and drunkenness.Discussion and ConclusionsThe pattern of results in this study provides strong evidence for the multiple risk factor model and inconsistent evidence for the normalisation theory. [Sznitman SR, Zlotnick C, Harel‐Fisch Y. Normalisation theory: Does it accurately describe temporal changes in adolescent drunkenness and smoking? Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:424–432]
Fruit, vegetable and vitamin C intakes and plasma vitamin C: cross‐sectional associations with insulin resistance and glycaemia in 9–10 year‐old children
Authors: Donin A. S. , Dent J. E. , Nightingale C. M. , Sattar N. , Owen C. G. , Rudnicka A. R. , Perkin M. R. , Stephen A. M. , Jebb S. A. , Cook D. G. , Whincup P. H. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimTo examine whether low circulating vitamin C concentrations and low fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with insulin resistance and other Type 2 diabetes risk markers in childhood.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional, school‐based study in 2025 UK children aged 9–10 years, predominantly of white European, South‐Asian and black African origin. A 24‐h dietary recall was used to assess fruit, vegetable and vitamin C intakes. Height, weight and fat mass were measured and a fasting blood sample collected to measure plasma vitamin C concentrations and Type 2 diabetes risk markers.ResultsIn analyses adjusting for confounding variables (including socio‐economic status), a one interquartile range higher plasma vitamin C concentration (30.9 μmol/l) was associated with a 9.6% (95% CI 6.5, 12.6%) lower homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance value, 0.8% (95% CI 0.4, 1.2%) lower fasting glucose, 4.5% (95% CI 3.2, 5.9%) lower urate and 2.2% (95% CI 0.9, 3.4%) higher HDL cholesterol. HbA1c concentration was 0.6% (95% CI 0.2, 1.0%) higher. Dietary fruit, vegetable and total vitamin C intakes were not associated with any Type 2 diabetes risk markers. Lower plasma vitamin C concentrations in South‐Asian and black African‐Caribbean children could partly explain their higher insulin resistance.ConclusionsLower plasma vitamin C concentrations are associated with insulin resistance and could partly explain ethnic differences in insulin resistance. Experimental studies are needed to establish whether increasing plasma vitamin C can help prevent Type 2 diabetes at an early stage.