bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On derivations and commutativity of prime rings with involution
Authors: Ali Shakir , Dar Nadeem Ahmed , Asci Mustafa 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In [Acta Math. Hungar. 66 (1995), 337–343],
Bell and Daif proved that if R is a prime ring admitting a nonzero derivation such that

d
(
x
y
)
=
d
(
y
x
)

${d(xy)=d(yx)}$

for all

x
,
y
∈
R

${x,y\in R}$

, then R is commutative. The objective of this paper is to examine similar problems when the ring R is equipped with involution. It is shown that if a prime ring R with involution * of a characteristic different from 2 admits a nonzero derivation d such that

d

(
x

x
*

)

=
d

(

x
*

x
)

${d(xx^*)=d(x^*x)}$

for all x ∈ R and

S
(
R
)
∩
Z
(
R
)
≠
(
0
)

${S(R)\cap Z(R)\ne (0)}$

, then R is commutative. Moreover, some related results have also been discussed.
Experimental Correlations with Calculus Parameters for a Dynamic System Equipped with Antiseismic Elastomeric Devices
Authors: Bratu Polidor 
Published: April 2015

Rezumat
Lucrarea prezintă rezultatul încercărilor efectuate la cicluri cinematice cu deplasări instantanee armonice pentru elemente elastomerice cu rol de izolare dinamică în conformitate cu SR EN 1337-3 şi SR EN 15129. Valorile amortizării interne determinate pe standuri de încercare în condiţiile din documentele de referinţă trebuie corelate cu valorile sistemului de dispozitive antiseismice elastomerice ce echipează un sistem dinamic supus acţiunilor seismice exterioare.
În acest caz, pentru fiecare situaţie reală, proiectantul trebuie să realizeze corelaţia dintre cele două valori ale amortizării obţinute în laborator cu amortizarea specifică sistemului structural care este supus acţiunilor dinamice exterioare. Din lucrare rezultă echivalenţa necesară astfel încât, valorile experimentale să poată fi corectate în mod riguros şi să poată reprezenta parametrii reali ce trebuie luaţi în calcul.
Big Data vs. Slow Understanding?
Authors: Fraas Claudia , Pentzold Christian 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The paper looks into the practice of a computer-assisted discourse analysis. Centring on the decisions and procedures that go into reconstructing multimodal frames from transmedia discourse, the paper has two aims. For one, it discusses the chances and challenges automatic text analysis has to address in facing the vast amounts of multimodal discourse that emerge in convergent media. Building on that, the paper explains the methodological premises and methodical procedures of a discourse analysis employing the computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software Atlas.ti. As such, it presents an investigation that does not answer the current prevalence of available ‘big data’ with computer power but explores the interplay between an interpretative analysis and technological support. It does so by using material from the discourse on the so-called Handygate affair. There, state authorities collected mobile phone data during the commemorative events of the Dresden bombings in February 2011. They thus created a big data collection which became the subject of public attention and was either framed as illegal and extensive instrument of state surveillance or as an efficient and accurate tool for law enforcement and targeted prosecution.
The Wronskian Solution and Soliton Resonance of the Nonisospectral Generalised Sawada–Kotera Equation
Authors: Zhou Jian , Li Xiang-Gui , Wang Deng-Shan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The bilinear form of the nonisospectral generalized Sawada–Kotera equation is derived. With the aid of the Wronskian technique, the Wronskian solution is presented for this equation. The soliton resonance is discussed in inhomogeneous media. Negatons and positons are also obtained.
Nonparasitic warlords and geographic distance
Authors: Hionis Jerry 
Published: April 2015

The explicit consideration of geography in the conflict theory literature is still relatively rare. In this article, two warlords are modeled as being located at opposing ends of a hypothetical line. The model includes variables denoting distance and difficulty of terrain. Each warlord allocates resources to the extraction of natural resources, to the production of goods and services (hence, nonparasitic), and to conflict with the opposing warlord. Two forms of a contest success function, a primary tool in the literature, are used to show that the warlord closer to the point of conflict will invest less into the hiring of warriors and more into the production of goods and services, yet will win a larger proportion of total goods and services produced within the economy. [JEL codes: D74, O17]
SÍNDROME DE EHLERS-DANLOS TIPO HIPERMOBILIDADE: ESTRATÉGIAS DE INCLUSÃO
Authors: Miller Sandra Maria Corrêa , Lamari Mateus Marino , Lamari Neuseli Marino 
Published: April 2015

Introdução: Hipermobilidade Articular (HA) é uma condição clínica hereditária caracterizada pelo aumento da amplitude articular. Quando associada a afecções musculoesqueléticas e/ou extraesqueléticas é considerada uma doença, subdiagnosticada, atualmente denominada Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos-TipoHipermobilidade (SED-TH). Transtornos e possíveis comorbidades são consideradas por induzir diagnóstico diferencial ou associado. Objetivo: Atualização bibliográfica referente à Hipermobilidade Articular e Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos-Tipo Hipermobilidade, suas comorbidades e transtornos de aprendizagem; destacar a relevância do diagnóstico adequado das necessidades especiais no contexto da inclusão socioeducacional do corpo no ensino formal e da combinação de técnicas terapêuticas e corporais como estratégias de inclusão. Material e Métodos: Atualização bibliográfica na literatura especializada nas fontes de dados BIREME, SciELOBrazil, LILACS e PubMED utilizando as palavras chave: hipermobilidade articular, motricidade, dor, Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos, comorbidade, artigos publicados entre 2009-2014.Resultados: Foram localizados 14 artigos relevantes entre 2009-2014, sobre Hipermobilidade Articular e Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos-Tipo Hipermobilidade. A maioria indica transtornos que podem ser considerados comorbidades. Há desconhecimento sobre Hipermobilidade Articular e Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos-Tipo Hipermobilidade no âmbito da saúde, assim como nas instituições escolares e há necessidade de acelerar a sinergia entre saberes, como da educação e saúde, relevantes na qualidade de vida, no processo de aprendizagem e inclusão dos portadores. Conclusão: Sugere-se: estudos populacionais nas escolas para a identificação da Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos-TipoHipermobilidade e possíveis transtornos de aprendizagem relacionados; buscar estratégias de inclusão e apoio nas políticas públicas atuais que garantam promoção ao direito e respeito à diversidade; abordagem multidisciplinar na avaliação clínica e assistência adequada ao portador da Síndrome na faixa etária escolar
Evidence in Variscan Corsica of a brief and voluminous Late Carboniferous to Early Permian volcanic-plutonic event contemporaneous with a high-temperature/low-pressure metamorphic peak in the lower crust
Authors: Rossi Philippe , Cocherie Alain , Fanning C. Mark 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The U2 group of plutonic rocks constituting the main exposed part of the Corsica-Sardinia batholith (CSB) was emplaced from 308 to 275 Ma (the early Visean U1 group of Mg-K intrusions is not considered here). Field evidence earlier established volcanic-plutonic relationships in the U2 group of calc-alkaline intrusions of the CSB, though detailed chronological data were still lacking.
Large outcrops of U2 volcanic formations are restricted to the less eroded zone north-west of the Porto-Ponte Leccia line in Corsica, but volcanic and volcano-sedimentary formations were widely eroded elsewhere since Permian times. They probably covered most of the batholith before the Miocene, as testified by the volcanic nature of the pebbles that form much of the Early Miocene conglomerates of eastern Corsica. U-Pb zircon dating (SHRIMP) was used for deciphering the chronology and duration of different volcanic pulses and for better estimating the time overlap between plutonic and volcanic rock emplacement in the CSB.
The obtained ages fit well with field data, showing that most of the U2 and U3 volcanic formations were emplaced within a brief time span of roughly 15 m.y., from 293 to 278 Ma, coeval with most U2 monzogranodiorites and leucomonzogranites (295–280 Ma), alkaline U3 complexes (about 288 Ma), and mafic-ultramafic tholeiitic complexes (295–275 Ma). The same chronological link between deep-seated magma chambers and eruptions was identified in the Pyrenees.
These results correlate with U-Pb zircon dating of HT-LP granulites from the Variscan deep crust exhumed along the “European” margin of the thinned Tethys margin in Corsica and Calabria. Here, the peak of the low-pressure/high-temperature metamorphism was dated at about 285–280 Ma. Our results throw light on the condition of magma production during the orogenic collapse in the southern Variscan realm. While juvenile tholeiitic basaltic magma was produced by the melting of spinel mantle lithosphere, all fertile protoliths melted in a brief period during the HT-LP peak in lower continental crust, leading to massive emplacement of large felsic U2 calc-alkaline and minor U3 A-type volcano-plutonic formations over about 15 Ma.
Advanced Semianalytical Geomechanical Model for Wellbore-Strengthening Applications
Authors: Shahri Mojtaba P. , Oar Trevor T. , Safari Reza , Karimi Moji , Mutlu Uno 
Published: April 2015

Summary
Drilling depleted reservoirs often encounters a host of problems leading to increases in cost and nonproductive time. One of these problems faced by drillers is lost circulation of drilling fluids, which can lead to greater issues such as differential sticking and well-control events. Field applications show that wellbore strengthening effectively helps reduce mud-loss volume by increasing the safe mud-weight window. Wellbore-strengthening applications are usually designed on the basis of induced-fracture characteristics (i.e., fracture length, fracture width, and stress-intensity factor). In general, these fracture characteristics depend on several parameters, including in-situ stress magnitude, in-situ stress anisotropy, mechanical properties, rock texture, wellbore geometry, mud weight, wellbore trajectory, pore pressure, natural fractures, and formation anisotropy. Analytical models available in the literature oversimplify the fracture-initiation and fracture-propagation process with assumptions such as isotropic stress field, no near-wellbore stress-perturbation effects, vertical or horizontal wells only (no deviation/inclination), constant fracture length, and constant pressure within the fracture. For more-accurate predictions, different numerical methods, such as finite element and boundary element, have been used to determine fracture-width distribution. However, these calculations can be computationally costly or difficult to implement in near-real time. The aim of this study is to provide a fast-running, semianalytical work flow to accurately predict fracture-width distribution and fracture-reinitiation pressure (FRIP). The algorithm and work flow can account for near-wellbore-stress perturbations, far-field-stress anisotropy, and wellbore inclination/deviation. The semianalytical algorithm is modeled after singular integral formulation of stress field and solved by use of Gauss-Chebyshev polynomials. The proposed model is computationally efficient and accurate. The model also provides a comprehensive perspective on formation-strengthening scenarios; a tool for improved lost-circulation-materials design; and an explanation of how they are applicable during drilling operation (in particular, through depleted zones). Sensitivity analysis included in this paper quantifies the effect of different rock properties, in-situ-stress field/anisotropy, and wellbore geometry/deviation on the fracture-width distribution and FRIP. In addition, the case study presented in this paper demonstrates the applicability of the proposed work flow in the field.
Use & Misuse of Water-filtered Tobacco Smoking Pipes in the World. Consequences for Public Health, Research & Research Ethics
Authors: Chaouachi Kamal 
Published: April 2015

Background:
The traditional definition of an “epidemic” has been revisited by antismoking researchers. After 400 years, Doctors would have realized that one aspect of an ancient cultural daily practice of Asian and African societies was in fact a “global “epidemic””. This needed further investigation particularly if one keeps in his mind the health aspects surrounding barbecues.

Method:

Here, up-to-date biomedical results are dialectically confronted with anthropological findings, hence in real life, in order to highlight the extent of the global confusion: from the new definition of an “epidemic” and “prevalence” to the myth of “nicotine “addiction”” and other themes in relation to water filtered tobacco smoking pipes (WFTSPs).

Results:

We found that over the last decade, many publications, -particularly reviews, “meta-analyses” and “systematic reviews”- on (WFTSPs), have actually contributed to fuelling the greatest mix-up ever witnessed in biomedical research. One main reason for such a situation has been the absolute lack of critical analysis of the available literature and the uncritical use of citations (one seriously flawed review has been cited up to 200 times). Another main reason has been to take as granted a biased smoking robot designed at the US American of Beirut whose measured yields of toxic chemicals may differ dozens of times from others' based on the same “protocol”. We also found that, for more than one decade, two other main methodological problems are: 1) the long-lived unwillingness to distinguish between use and misuse; 2) the consistent unethical rejection of biomedical negative results which, interestingly, are quantitatively and qualitatively much more instructive than the positive ones.

Conclusion:
the great majority of WFTSP toxicity studies have actually measured, voluntarily or not, their misuse aspects, not the use in itself. This is in contradiction with both the harm reduction and public health doctrines. The publication of negative results should be encouraged instead of being stifled.
Surgical excision of anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinomas with and without adjunctive chemotherapy in dogs: 42 cases (2005–2011)
Authors: Potanas Christopher P. , Padgett Sheldon , Gamblin Rance M. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Objective—To identify variables associated with prognosis in dogs undergoing surgical excision of anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinomas (ASACs) with and without adjunctive chemotherapy.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—42 dogs with ASACs.
Procedures—Information on signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic procedures, surgical procedures, adjunctive therapies, survival time, and disease-free interval was obtained from the medical records.
Results—Survival time was significantly associated with the presence of sublumbar lymphadenopathy and sublumbar lymph node extirpation, with median survival time significantly shorter for dogs with sublumbar lymphadenopathy (hazard ratio, 2.31) than for those without and for dogs that underwent lymph node extirpation (hazard ratio, 2.31) than for those that did not. Disease-free interval was significantly associated with the presence of sublumbar lymphadenopathy, lymph node extirpation, and administration of platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents, with median disease-free interval significantly shorter for dogs with sublumbar lymphadenopathy (hazard ratio, 2.47) than for those without, for dogs that underwent lymph node extirpation (hazard ratio, 2.47) than for those that did not, and for dogs that received platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents (hazard ratio, 2.69) than for those that did not. Survival time and disease-free interval did not differ among groups when dogs were grouped on the basis of histopathologic margins (complete vs marginal vs incomplete excision).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that in dogs with ASAC undergoing surgical excision, the presence of sublumbar lymphadenopathy and lymph node extirpation were both negative prognostic factors. However, completeness of surgical excision was not associated with survival time or disease-free interval.
Assessment of Impulse Noise Hazard and the Use of Hearing Protection Devices in Workplaces Where Forging Hammers are Used
Authors: Młyński Rafał , Kozłowski Emil , Adamczyk Jan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The impulse noise is agent harmful to health not only in the case of shots from firearms and the explosions of explosive materials. This kind of noise is also present in many workplaces in the industry. The paper presents the results of noise parameters measurements in workplaces where four different die forging hammers were used. The measured values of the C-weighted peak sound pressure level, the A-weighted maximum sound pressure level and A-weighted noise exposure level normalized to an 8 h working day (daily noise exposure level) exceeded the exposure limit values. For example, the highest measured value of the C-weighted peak sound pressure level was 148.9 dB. In this study possibility of the protection of hearing with the use of earplugs or earmuffs was assessed. The measurement method for the measurements of noise parameters under hearing protection devices using an acoustical test fixture instead of testing with the participation of subjects was used. The results of these measurements allows for assessment which of two tested earplugs and two tested earmuffs sufficiently protect hearing of workers in workplaces where forging hammers are used.
In Memoriam. Zygmunt Grzegorz Wąsowicz Ph.D.
Authors: Dobrucki Andrzej 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Zygmunt G. Wąsowicz, PhD emeritus of the Chair of Acoustics and Multimedia, Wrocław University of Technology, passed away on the 8th of January 2014. His whole professional career was associated with the acoustics. Dr. Z. Wąsowicz was born in Nowy Sącz in 1931. In 1956 he graduated from the Faculty of Telecommunications at the Wrocław University of Technology and started to work there in the same year. In 1966 he obtained the PhD title, under supervision of Professor Z. Żyszkowski, for the dissertation concerning the subjective criteria of nonlinear distortions in loudspeakers. His main interests of activity were room acoustics as well as subjective assessment of sound quality. He worked out the subjective method of loudspeaker evaluation for Polish Loudspeaker Company “Tonsil” – this method was based on so-called “the live apparent sound”. He worked also on computer methods of acoustical field modeling in rooms. The works mentioned above were pioneer and modern in Poland. He participated as an acoustician, in various designers groups at for example auditory halls of Faculty of Electronics. Dr. Wąsowicz was the outstanding academical teacher whom students liked very much. He was also a member of Polish Acoustical Society and worked for the Main Board as well as the Wrocław Division of this society. In periods 1979–1983 and 1994–1996 he was the vice-dean of Faculty of Electronics. He received many awards, for example Golden Cross of Merit, Knight’s Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, Medal of the National Education Commission and many awards from the Governors of Wrocław University of Technology and Institute of Telecommunications and Acoustics. In 1996 he was retired and beside of this he stayed in contact with Faculty of Electronics for many years. Wrocław acoustical community mourns the loss of Dr. Z. Wąsowicz.
Ultrasonic Synthetic Apertures: Review
Authors: Nowicki Andrzej , Gambin Barbara 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In the paper the concept of synthetic aperture used for high resolution/high frame rate ultrasonic imaging is reviewed. The synthetic aperture technique allows building extended “virtual” apertures, synthesized from smaller real aperture resulting in improved lateral resolution along full penetration depth without sacrificing the frame rate.
Especially, four methods, synthetic aperture focusing (SAF), multi-element synthetic aperture focusing (M-SAF), synthetic receive aperture (SRA) and synthetic transmit aperture (STA) are addressed. The effective aperture function, describing two-way, far field radiation is a useful tool in beam pattern analysis. Some basic notations, which are used to calculate the effective aperture are introduced in Appendix.
An Assessment of High-Order-Mode Analysis and Shape Optimization of Expansion Chamber Mufflers
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie , Chang Ying-Chun 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
A substantial quantity of research on muffler design has been restricted to a low frequency range using the plane wave theory. Based on this theory, which is a one-dimensional wave, no higher order wave has been considered. This has resulted in underestimating acoustical performances at higher frequencies when doing muffler analysis via the plane wave model. To overcome the above drawbacks, researchers have assessed a three-dimensional wave propagating for a simple expansion chamber muffler. Therefore, the acoustic effect of a higher order wave (a high frequency wave) is considered here. Unfortunately, there has been scant research on expansion chamber mufflers equipped with baffle plates that enhance noise elimination using a higher-order-mode analysis. Also, space-constrained conditions of industrial muffler designs have never been properly addressed. So, in order to improve the acoustical performance of an expansion chamber muffler within a constrained space, the optimization of an expansion chamber muffler hybridized with multiple baffle plates will be assessed.
In this paper, the acoustical model of the expansion chamber muffler will be established by assuming that it is a rigid rectangular tube driven by a piston along the tube wall. Using an eigenfunction (higher-order-mode analysis), a four-pole system matrix for evaluating acoustic performance (STL) is derived. To improve the acoustic performance of the expansion chamber muffler, three kinds of expansion chamber mufflers (KA-KC) with different acoustic mechanisms are introduced and optimized for a targeted tone using a genetic algorithm (GA). Before the optimization process is performed, the higher-order-mode mathematical models of three expansion chamber mufflers (A-C) with various allocations of inlets/outlets and various chambers are also confirmed for accuracy. Results reveal that the STL of the expansion chamber mufflers at the targeted tone has been largely improved and the acoustic performance of a reverse expansion chamber muffler is more efficient than that of a straight expansion chamber muffler. Moreover, the STL of the expansion chamber mufflers will increase as the number of the chambers that separate with baffles increases.