bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of R2* obtained from T2*‐weighted imaging in predicting the prognosis of advanced cervical squamous carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Li Xiang Sheng , Fan Hong Xia , Fang Hong , Song Yun Long , Zhou Chun Wu 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundTo prospectively investigate the value of R2* in predicting the prognosis of advanced cervical squamous carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.MethodsSixty‐five patients with biopsy‐proven cervical squamous carcinoma were enrolled in our study. All these subjects underwent multi‐echo T2*‐weighted MR imaging on a 3.0 Tesla MR scanner, and tumor R2* was calculated. The patients were divided into the responders and the nonresponders according to treatment effect. Tumor R2* values of these two groups were compared. The relationship between tumor R2* and prognosis after therapy was analyzed.ResultsThe responder group had lower R2* value than the nonresponder group (P = 0.02). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for tumor R2* in discriminating responders from nonresponders was 0.769. A cutoff value of 23.87 Hz for tumor R2* resulted in a sensitivity of 78.3% and a specificity of 67.6%. The low R2* group (≤28.37 Hz) had longer median progression‐free survival period and overall survival period (P = 0.01, 0.03). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor R2* was a significant prognostic factor for progression‐free survival and overall survival (adjusted hazards ratio = 5.34, 4.78; P = 0.02, 0.01).ConclusionR2* value obtained from T2*‐weighted imaging, as an imaging biomarker, may be an important predictor for the prognosis of advanced cervical squamous carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:681–688.
Chemotherapy does not adversely impact outcome following post‐incisional hernia repair with biomaterial mesh
Authors: Saied Abdul , David Jenny , LaBarbera Kim , Katz Steven C. , Somasundar Ponnandai 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundPatients receiving chemotherapy are at increased risk for developing recurrent or post‐incisional hernias (PIH). Biological materials are an alternative to synthetic mesh in contaminated fields. The impact of chemotherapy on biomaterial tissue ingrowth and integration has not been well studied.MethodsFrom 2008 to 2011 patients who underwent PIH repair with biomaterial mesh (Biodesign®) were selected. Patients were divided into two groups: those receiving chemotherapy (CT) and those not receiving chemotherapy (NCT).ResultsForty‐five patients were identified, 28 (62%) in the NCT group and 17 (38%) in the CT group. Median follow up for NCT and CT groups were 27 and 17 months, respectively. A total of 9/45 (20%) surgical site infections (SSI) were diagnosed, with 6/28 (21%) in the NCT and 3/17 (18%) in the CT group (P = 0.53). Seroma formation was seen in 5/28 (18%) of NCT patients and 4/17 (23%) in CT group (P = 0.46). Overall hernia recurrence rate was 22%, and the rates of recurrence were similar among the CT 3/17 (18%) and NCT 7/28 (25%) groups (P = 0.42).ConclusionThe use of perioperative chemotherapy did not increase the rate of wound complications following PIH repair with biologic mesh in this group of patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:725–728. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Surgical Oncology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cumulative summation analysis of learning curve for robot‐assisted gastrectomy in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhou Junfeng , Shi Yan , Qian Feng , Tang Bo , Hao Yingxue , Zhao Yongliang , Yu Peiwu 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the learning curve for robot‐assisted gastrectomy using the Cumulative Summation (CUSUM) technique.MethodsTwo series of consecutive robotic gastrectomy were retrospective analyzed. Patient demographics, surgical performance, and short‐term outcomes were examined and data of operation time were abstracted for the learning curve analysis.ResultsSimilar processes occurred in the two surgeons. Each of their learning curves of robotic gastrectomy was best modeled as a third‐order polynomial, with equation CUSUMOT in minutes equal to 0.0495 case number 3 − 4.217 case number2 + 91.206 case number − 100.11(R2 = 0.8731) for surgeon A and 0.0314 case number 3 − 2.4106 case number2 + 33.682 case number + 315.28(R2 = 0.8816) for surgeon B. They both included three unique phases: an initial phase, a well‐developed phase, and a mastery phase after the accumulation of additional experience.ConclusionThe CUSUM method is a useful tool for objective evaluation of practical skills for surgeons during the learning phase of robotic surgery training. The robotic gastrectomy is found to have a short learning curve for experienced laparoscopic surgeons and the popularity of this new technology won't reduce because of its difficulty to learn. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:760–767. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison between MRI and CT in prediction of peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery in relation to the experience of the radiologist
Authors: Torkzad MR , Casta N , Bergman A , Ahlström H , Påhlman L , Mahteme H 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUNDTo compare CT and MRI for peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) assessment and to compare assessments made by the radiologist based on their experiences.METHOD AND MATERIALSMRI and CT of abdomen and pelvis were performed on 39 prospectively followed by surgery directly. Two blinded radiologists with different experience levels evaluated PCI separately on different occasions on 19 cases initially and later on the remaining 20. The agreement between the radiologists' assessment and surgical findings in total and per site were recorded.RESULTSTotal PCI: The experienced radiologist was able to assess total tumor burden correctly on both CT and MRI (kappa = 1.0). For the inexperienced radiologist the assessment was better on CT (kappa = 0.73) compared to MRI (kappa = 0.58). Different sites: The experienced radiologist showed high agreement with kappa = 0.77 for MRI and 0.80 for CT. Corresponding figures were 0.39 and 0.60 for the inexperienced radiologist. For the second phase the agreement levels increased for the inexperienced radiologist increased to 0.80 and 0.70, respectively.CONCLUSIONCT and MRI are equal when read by experienced radiologist. CT shows better results when read by an inexperienced radiologist compared to MRI, however the results of the latter can easily be improved. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:746–751. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rapid residue analysis of oxathiapiprolin and its metabolites in typical Chinese soil, water, and sediments by a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Ju Chao , Dong Fengshou , Liu Xingang , Wu Xiaohu , Zhao Huanhuan , Zheng Yongquan , Xu Jun 
Published: January 2015

A sensitive and effective method for the simultaneous determination of residues from a new fungicide, oxathiapiprolin, and its metabolites (IN‐E8S72 and IN‐WR791) in soil, water, and sediment, was developed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Three compounds were extracted from water, soil, and sediment by using acetonitrile and different proportions of formic acid aqueous solution (1% v/v for water; 2% v/v for soil; and sediment), and were cleaned with octadecylsilane. The target compounds were determined within 5 min using an electrospray ionization source in the positive mode for oxathiapiprolin and in the negative mode for the two metabolites. The limits of quantification for all the three compounds were 0.1 μg/kg in water and 1 μg/kg in soil and sediment. Recovery studies were performed using three spiked levels (0.1, 1, and 10 μg/kg for water; 1, 10, and 50 μg/kg for soil and sediment). The overall average recoveries ranged from 64.8 to 112.7% with all intra‐ and interday relative standard deviation values below 19.4 and 19.1%, respectively. The method validation confirmed that the proposed method was convenient and reliable for determining residual oxathiapiprolin and its metabolites in soil, water, and sediments.
Farmers' Perception of Land Degradation and Traditional Knowledge in Southern Ethiopia—Resilience and Stability
Authors: Assefa Engdawork , Hans‐Rudolf Bork 
Published: January 2015

AbstractLand degradation is the major economic and environmental threat in Ethiopia. Since the 1960s, the various traditional land management systems have undergone unprecedented changes. Within the context of farmers' awareness of land degradation and local responses to the problems, the objective of this study is to examine the resilience and stability of traditional land management knowledge in Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected using interviews, group discussions and field observations. Results of the study demonstrate that farmers have a wealth of experience in identifying the severity, dynamics and causes of soil erosion and soil fertility decline and grazing land deterioration. In response to these problems, farmers have developed a wide range of traditional land management practices, supported across the generations by the traditional law (benee woga) and norms. However, recent changes include reduction and abandonment of fallowing, modification of crop rotation and large‐scale reduction of manuring. The current practices used to fulfil livelihood requirements are the main driving forces that affect the resilience of the system. Thus, environmental and land use management planning should consider rehabilitating land not only based on traditional land management knowledge but also with regards to raising its agricultural productivity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Machine Learning Approach to Explain Drug Selectivity to Soluble and Membrane Protein Targets
Authors: Freyhult Eva , Gustafsson Mats G. , Strömbergsson Helena 
Published: January 2015

AbstractImproved understanding of the forces that determine drug specificity to their targets is important for drug design and discovery, as well as for gaining knowledge about molecular recognition. Here, we present a machine learning approach that includes all approved drugs with a known protein target. The drugs were characterized using easily interpretable physico‐chemical descriptors. Employing the Random Forest method, we were able to predict whether a drug binds to a soluble or membrane protein with an average accuracy of 84 % and an average area under curve of 0.91. The high average performance suggests that there exist some general physico‐chemical differences between drugs that bind to membrane and soluble protein targets. Variable importance measures in combination with permutation tests were used to find the most influential descriptors. This resulted in six outstanding descriptors, that all involve drug flexibility and lipophilicity, suggesting that drugs binding to membrane protein targets are in general more flexible and lipophilic, and conversely, drugs binding to soluble protein targets are more rigid and hydrophilic. With the notion that ligands in general are blueprints of their protein pockets, we may also draw general conclusions about the protein‐pocket properties which may add to the understanding of molecular recognition.
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 is vital for (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate mediated activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase
Authors: Guo Bei‐Chia , Wei Jeng , Su Kuo‐Hui , Chiang An‐Na , Zhao Jin‐Feng , Chen Hsiang‐Ying , Shyue Song‐Kun , Lee Tzong‐Shyuan 
Published: January 2015

ScopeEpigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin of green tea, has beneficial effects on physiological functions of endothelial cells (ECs), yet the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), a ligand‐gated nonselective calcium channel, in EGCG‐mediated endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activation and angiogenesis.Methods and resultsIn ECs, treatment with EGCG time‐dependently increased the intracellular level of Ca2+. Removal of extracellular calcium (Ca2+) by EGTA or EDTA or inhibition of TRPV1 by capsazepine or SB366791 abrogated EGCG‐increased intracellular Ca2+ level in ECs or TRPV1‐transfected HEK293 cells. Additionally, EGCG increased the phsophorylation of eNOS at Ser635 and Ser1179, Akt at Ser473, calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) at Thr286 and AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) at Thr172, all abolished by the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine. EGCG‐induced NO production was diminished by pretreatment with LY294002 (an Akt inhibitor), KN62 (a CaMKII inhibitor), and compound C (an AMPK inhibitor). Moreover, blocking TRPV1 activation prevented EGCG‐induced EC proliferation, migration, and tube formation, as well as angiogenesis in Matrigel plugs in mice.ConclusionEGCG may trigger activation of TRPV1–Ca2+ signaling, which leads to phosphorylation of Akt, AMPK, and CaMKII; eNOS activation; NO production; and, ultimately, angiogenesis in ECs.
Numerical simulation of percussive drilling
Authors: Depouhon Alexandre , Denoël Vincent , Detournay Emmanuel 
Published: January 2015

SummaryThis paper presents a novel dynamical model to analyze the long‐term response of a percussive drilling system. This departs from existing approaches that usually consider a single activation and bit/rock interaction cycle for the analysis of the process performance. The proposed model integrates the axial dynamics of an elastic piston and an elastic drill bit, a motion‐dependent pressure law to drive the piston, and a generalized bit/rock interaction law representative of the dynamic indentation taking place at the bit/rock interface. It applies to down‐the‐hole percussive drilling as well as top‐hole, with minor modifications. The model does not account for the angular motion or the hole cleaning, however. The model is first formulated mathematically; then, a finite‐dimensional approximation is proposed for computations. Numerical analyses of the model response, for a low‐size down‐the‐hole percussive system, follow. The period‐1 stationary response for the reference configuration is studied in detail, and parametric analyses assessing the influence on the rate of penetration of the bit/rock interaction parameters, the feed force, and the percussive activation parameters are conducted. These analyses reveal that the multiscale nature of the process is well captured by the model and recover expected trends for the influence of the parameters. They also suggest that a significant increase of the penetration rate can be achieved by increasing the percussive frequency. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Designing kinetically stable aryltrifluoroborates as 18F‐capture agents for PET imaging
Authors: Liu Zhibo , Li Ying , Ting Richard , Perrin David M. 
Published: January 2015

One‐step 18F‐radiolabeling of peptides and other large biomolecules has been challenged by a critical gap in chemical compatibility between fluoride anion, which is unreactive as a nucleophile in water, and large biomolecules such as peptides that are insoluble in dry solvents. Traditionally, this disparity has been overcome through the preliminary synthesis of an 18F‐labeled radioprosthetic group that is appended to peptides following at least one additional step. Ideally, however, peptides should be labeled in a single aqueous step. Hence, we proposed the use of arylboronic acids as captors of aqueous 18F‐fluoride ion to simplify the radiosynthesis of 18F‐aryltrifluoroborate bioconjugates. Yet, the use of aryltrifluoroborates as radioprosthetic groups can only be considered if kinetically stable ones can be designed. Herein, we discuss the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters review our previous use of a Hammett analysis that can inform the design of kinetically stable 18F‐labeled aryltrifluoroborates for use as novel radioprosthetic groups. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three‐phase behavior‐based detection and classification of known and unknown malware
Authors: Lin Ying‐Dar , Lai Yuan‐Cheng , Lu Chun‐Nan , Hsu Peng‐Kai , Lee Chia‐Yin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTo improve both accuracy and efficiency in detecting known and even unknown malware, we propose a three‐phase behavior‐based malware detection and classification approach, with a faster detector in the first phase to filter most samples, a slower detector in the second phase to observe remaining ambiguous samples, and then a classifier in the third phase to recognize their malware type. The faster detector executes programs in a sandbox to extract representative behaviors fed into a trained artificial neural network to evaluate their maliciousness, whereas the slower detector extracts and matches the LCSs of system call sequences fed into a trained Bayesian model to calculate their maliciousness. In the third phase, we define malware behavior vectors and calculate the cosine similarity to classify the malware. The experimental results show that the hybrid two‐phase detection scheme outperforms the one‐phase schemes and achieves 3.6% in false negative and 6.8% in false positive. The third‐phase classifier also distinguishes the known‐type malware with an accuracy of 85.8%. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When Stories Don't Make Sense
Authors: Kim MinJeong , Covino Katharine 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAssessing children's narratives through the lens of intertexual process makes visible children's funds of knowledge. The authors describe two interrelated alternative assessments that teachers can use to make sense of young children's narratives in classroom settings. Implications for promoting an intertextually‐rich environment based on such assessments are also discussed.
Review of the correlation between blood flow velocity and polycythemia in the fetus, neonate and adult: appropriate diagnostic levels need to be determined for twin anemia–polycythemia sequence
Authors: Lucewicz A. , Fisher K. , Henry A. , Welsh A. W. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTTwin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS) is recognized increasingly antenatally by the demonstration of an anemic twin and a polycythemic cotwin using the middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA‐PSV). While the MCA‐PSV has been shown to correlate well with anemia in singleton fetuses, the evidence to support its use to diagnose fetal polycythemia appears to be less clear‐cut. We aimed to evaluate fetal, neonatal and adult literature used to support the use of MCA‐PSV for the diagnosis of polycythemia. Comprehensive literature searches were performed for ultrasound evidence of polycythemia in the human fetus, neonate and adult using key search terms. Only manuscripts in the English language with an abstract were considered for the review, performed in June 2014.Fifteen manuscripts were found for the human fetus, including 38 cases of TAPS. Nine of these defined fetal polycythemia as MCA‐PSV < 0.8 multiples of the median (MoM), five used < 1.0 MoM and one used 0.8–1.0 MoM. Only two studies, involving a total of 15 cases, proposed a diagnostic level, acknowledging false‐positive and ‐negative cases, though neither reported sensitivities or specificities. Six neonatal studies (96 neonates) demonstrated evidence of decreased cerebral velocities in polycythemia and a consequent increase with hemodilution. In the adult, five studies (57 polycythemic adults) demonstrated increased flow or velocity with hemodilution. Neither neonatal nor adult studies conclusively defined levels for screening for polycythemia. Despite widespread adoption of a cut‐off of < 0.8 MoM in the published literature for the polycythemic fetus in TAPS, this is based upon minimal evidence, with unknown sensitivity and specificity. We recommend caution in excluding TAPS based purely upon the absence of a reduced MCA‐PSV. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Fertilizing western rangelands for ungulate conservation: An assessment of benefits and risks
Authors: Korfanta Nicole M. , Mobley Megan L. , Burke Ingrid C. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTIntensive natural gas development causes habitat loss that reduces nutritional carrying capacity for ungulates and other species of conservation concern. To offset habitat loss from energy development, wildlife managers are experimenting with large‐scale sagebrush fertilization on western public rangelands. We synthesize what is known about basic sagebrush ecosystem biogeochemistry and ungulate nutritional ecology to anticipate the benefits and risks of this emerging mitigation tool. Under some environmental conditions, fertilization can temporarily increase sagebrush biomass, and potentially, the nutritional carrying capacity of mule deer limited by digestible energy. However, nitrogen additions are costly and pose environmental risks when applied to arid and semi‐arid systems. Fertilization may promote weed invasions, changes to biogeochemical cycles, and potentially irreversible ecosystem shifts that reduce shrub communities. Fertilization also creates excess nitrogen at 2–8 × natural background levels and increases greenhouse gases, ozone pollution precursors, downwind nitrogen deposition, and freshwater degradation. Considering these risks and recognizing that potential benefits are short‐term, uncertain, and expensive to achieve, the practice of sagebrush fertilization may pose a net conservation cost. © 2015 The Authors. Wildlife Society Bulletin published by The Wildlife Society.
Cobalt(II) and Copper(II) Complexes Constructed from Bis(benzimidazole) and 2,6‐Pyridinedicarboxylate Co‐ligands: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Yang Rui , Li Huan Huan , Van Hecke Kristof , Cui Guang Hua 
Published: January 2015

Abstract Three metal complexes based on the flexible bis(benzimidazole) derivatives, namely [Co2(L1)4(pydc)2]·2H2O (1), {[Cu(L1)(pydc)]·0.75H2O}n (2), and [Co2(L2)2(pydc)2]·8H2O (3), [L1 = 1,2‐bis(5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazol‐1‐ylmethyl)benzene, H2pydc = 2,6‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid, L2 = 1,4‐bis(5‐methylbenzimidazol‐1‐ylmethyl)benzene] were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR spectra, elemental analysis, UV/Vis diffuse refraction spectroscopy, and X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. Complexes 1 and 3 exhibit a dinuclear structure composed of two central cobalt atoms bridged by flexible bis(benzimidazole) ligands and 3 finally packed into a two‐dimensional supramolecular network through π···π stacking interaction. Complex 2 shows a one‐dimensional zigzag chains motif, which further extended into a 2D supramolecular layer by face‐to‐face π···π stacking interactions. The luminescence properties of complexes 1–3 in the solid state at room temperature were described. Moreover, complexes 1 and 2 show higher catalytic activity than complex 3 for degradation of congo red azo dye in a Fenton‐like process.
Na2PtF6, its Crystal Structure, Characterization, and Ammonolysis to [Na(NH3)3]2[PtF6]
Authors: Rudel Stefan S. , Müller Thomas G. , Kraus Florian 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe report on the single crystal structure of Na2PtF6, which was synthesized from (NH4)2PtCl6 and NaCl in a flow of 10 % F2 in argon. The light yellow compound crystallizes in the Na2SiF6 structure type with the trigonal space group P321 and the lattice parameters a = 9.2981(2), c = 5.1147(1) Å, and V = 382.95(1) Å3 at 123 K with Z = 3. Na2PtF6 reacts with liquid ammonia yielding bis triamminesodium hexafluoridoplatinate(IV) [Na(NH3)3]2[PtF6]. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 14.0508(4), b = 8.4894(1), c = 12.8820(4) Å, β = 120.495(4)°, and V = 1324.05(6) Å3 at 123 K with Z = 4. In contrast to the aqueous system, the solvolysis in NH3 does not lead to the cleavage of the Pt–F bonds, at least not at the temperatures employed in this study.