bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring in hypotensive patients
Authors: Kim Jung-Youn , Yoon Young-Hoon , Lee Sung-Woo , Choi Sung-Hyuk , Cho Young-Duck , Park Sang-Min 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesContinuous blood gas monitoring is frequently necessary in critically ill patients. Our aim was to assess the accuracy of transcutaneous CO2tension (PtcCO2) monitoring in the emergency department (ED) assessment of hypotensive patients by comparing it with the gold standard of arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA).MethodsAll patients receiving PtcCO2monitoring in the ED were included. We excluded paediatric patients, patients with no ABGA results during a hypotensive event, patients whose ABGA was not performed simultaneously with PtcCO2monitoring, and patients who received sodium bicarbonate for resuscitation. The included patients were classified into hypotensive patients and normotensive patients. A hypotensive patient was defined as a patient showing a mean arterial pressure under 60 mm Hg. The agreement in measurement between PaCO2tension (PaCO2) and PtcCO2were investigated in both groups.ResultsThe mean difference between PaCO2and PtcCO2was 2.1 mm Hg, and the Bland–Altman limits of agreement (bias±1.96 SD) ranged from −15.6 to 19.7 mm Hg in the 28 normotensive patients. The mean difference between PaCO2and PtcCO2was 1.1 mm Hg, and the Bland–Altman limits of agreement (bias±1.96 SD) ranged from −19.5 to 21.7 mm Hg in the 26 hypotensive patients. The weighted κ values were 0.64 in the normotensive patients and 0.60 in the hypotensive patients.ConclusionsPtcCO2monitoring showed wider limits of agreement with PaCO2in urgent situations in the ED environment. However, acutely developed hypotension does not affect the accuracy of PtcCO2monitoring.
Country-level economic disparity and child mortality related to housing and injuries: a study in 26 European countries
Authors: Sengoelge Mathilde , Elling Berty , Laflamme Lucie , Hasselberg Marie 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveAdverse living standards are associated with poorer child health and safety. This study investigates whether adverse housing and neighbourhood conditions contribute to explain country-level associations between a country's economic level and income inequality and child mortality, specifically injury mortality.DesignEcological, cross-sectional study.Setting/subjectsTwenty-six European countries were grouped according to two country-level economic measures from Eurostat: gross domestic product (GDP) and income inequality. Adverse country-level housing and neighbourhood conditions were assessed using data from the 2006 European Union Income Social Inclusion and Living Conditions Database (n=203 000).Main outcome measureChild mortality incidence rates were derived for children aged 1–14 years for all causes, all injuries, road traffic injuries and unintentional injuries excluding road traffic. Linear regression analysis was applied to measure whether housing or neighbourhood conditions have a significant association with child mortality and whether a strain modified the association between GDP/income inequality and mortality.ResultsCountry-level income inequality and GDP demonstrated a significant association with child mortality for all outcomes. A significant association was also found between housing strain and all child mortality outcomes, but not for neighbourhood strain. Housing strain partially modified the relationship between income inequality and GDP and all child mortality outcomes, with the exception of income inequality and road traffic injury mortality showing full mediation by housing strain.ConclusionsAdverse housing conditions are a likely pathway in the country-level association between income inequality and economic GDP and child injury mortality.
A Review of the Effect of Processing Variables on the Fabrication of Electrospun Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Pillay Viness , Dott Clare , Choonara Yahya E. , Tyagi Charu , Tomar Lomas , Kumar Pradeep , du Toit Lisa C. , Ndesendo Valence M. K. 
Published: February 2013

Electrospinning is a fast emerging technique for producing ultrafine fibers by utilizing electrostatic repulsive forces. The technique has gathered much attention due to the emergence of	nanotechnology that sparked worldwide research interest in nanomaterials for their preparation and application in biomedicine and drug delivery. Electrospinning is a simple, adaptable, cost‐effective, and versatile technique for producing nanofibers. For effective and efficient use of the technique,several processing parameters need to be optimized for fabricating polymeric nanofibers. The nanofiber morphology, size, porosity, surface area, and topography can be refined by varying these parameters. Such flexibility and diversity in nanofiber fabrication by electrospinning has broadened the horizons for widespread application of nanofibers in the areas of drug and gene delivery, wound dressing, and tissue engineering. Drug‐loaded electrospun nanofibers have been used in implants, transdermal systems, wound dressings, and as devices for aiding the prevention of postsurgical abdominal adhesions and infection. They show great promise for use in drug delivery provided that one can confidently control the processing variables during fabrication. This paper provides a concise incursion into the application of electrospun nanofibers in drug delivery and cites pertinent processing parameters that may influence the performance of the nanofibers when applied to drug delivery.
Dasatinib plus Capecitabine for Advanced Breast Cancer: Safety and Efficacy in Phase I Study CA180004
Authors: Somlo George , Atzori Francesco , Strauss Lewis C. , Geese William J. , Specht Jennifer M. , Gradishar William J. , Rybicki Alissa , Sy Oumar , Vahdat Linda T. , Cortes Javier 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPurpose: Dasatinib is an Src family kinase inhibitor with modest activity in advanced breast cancer. We aimed to assess toxicity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for dasatinib plus capecitabine, estimate efficacy, and explore effects on angiogenesis.Experimental Design: Dose levels (DL) were dasatinib 50 mg twice daily (DL1), 70 mg twice daily (DL2 and DL3), or 100 mg daily (DL3a); plus capecitabine on days 1 to 14 of a 21-day cycle, at 825 mg/m2 twice daily (DL1 and DL2) or 1,000 mg/m2 twice daily [DL3 and DL3a (MTD)]. DL3a was expanded to evaluate safety/efficacy. Plasma samples were collected for biomarker analysis.Results: Thirty-one and 21 patients were treated in the escalation and expansion phases. Sixty percent of tumors were hormone receptor–positive. Most common adverse events (AE) were any grade nausea (58%), hand–foot syndrome (44%), diarrhea (33%), fatigue (33%), vomiting (31%), and asthenia (31%). Most common grade 3/4 AEs were hand–foot syndrome (12%), diarrhea (8%), fatigue (8%), pleural effusion (8%), and vomiting (6%). The MTD was defined at DL3a (capecitabine 1,000 mg/m2 twice daily and dasatinib 100 mg daily). Of 25 response-evaluable patients treated at DL3a, confirmed partial response was noted in 24% and stable disease in an additional 32%; median progression-free survival was 14.4 weeks. Significant decreases in plasma VEGF-A and increases in VEGFR-2 and collagen-IV were observed.Conclusions: Dasatinib 100 mg once daily plus capecitabine 1,000 mg/m2 twice daily were tolerable and were associated with clinical benefit in 56% of response-evaluable patients. Biomarker changes were consistent with an antiangiogenic effect. Clin Cancer Res; 19(7); 1884–93. ©2013 AACR.
First-in-Human Phase I Trial of Two Schedules of OSI-930, a Novel Multikinase Inhibitor, Incorporating Translational Proof-of-Mechanism Studies
Authors: Yap Timothy A. , Arkenau Hendrik-Tobias , Camidge D. Ross , George Suzanne , Serkova Natalie J. , Gwyther Stephen J. , Spratlin Jennifer L. , Lal Rohit , Spicer James , Desouza Nandita M. , Leach Martin O. , Chick Jon , Poondru Srinivasu , Boinpally Ramesh , Gedrich Richard , Brock Katie , Stephens Andrew , Eckhardt S. Gail , Kaye Stan B. , Demetri George , Scurr Michelle 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Purpose: OSI-930 is a novel, potent, oral small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, predominantly against VEGF receptors (VEGFR), c-Kit, and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. A phase I trial was undertaken to determine safety, maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of OSI-930 in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Experimental Design: OSI-930 was administered once or twice a day using a modified accelerated titration design. Pharmacokinetics and plasma soluble VEGFR2 (sVEGFR2) studies were undertaken. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and 2[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) MTD expansion cohorts were conducted.
Results: Fifty-eight patients received OSI-930 in 2 schedules; once a day schedule: 12 patients at doses up to 1,600 mg without reaching MTD; twice a day schedule: 46 patients at 400 mg (n = 7), 500 mg (n = 31), and 600 mg (n = 8). Dose-limiting toxicities were observed at 600 mg twice a day (n = 3): G3 rash (n = 2) and G4 γ-glutamyltransferase, establishing the MTD at 500 mg twice a day. Common G1–2 toxicities included fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, and rash. Antitumor responses were seen in 2 patients with advanced ovarian cancer [Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) partial response (PR) (n = 1); GCIG CA125 response (n = 1)]. Eleven of 19 heavily pretreated imatinib-resistant patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors achieved RECIST stable disease (median duration: 126 days), with FDG-PET scans showing PRs in 4 of 9 patients. OSI-930 exposure increased with dose; substantial decreases in sVEGFR levels were observed with OSI-930 twice a day doses ≥400 mg, while DCE-MRI responses were shown in 4 of 6 patients.
Conclusions: OSI-930 is safe and well tolerated, with pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic data supporting proof-of-mechanism with clinically relevant antitumor activity. Clin Cancer Res; 19(4); 909–19. ©2012 AACR.
The Novel SMAC Mimetic Birinapant Exhibits Potent Activity against Human Melanoma Cells
Authors: Krepler Clemens , Chunduru Srinivas K. , Halloran Molly B. , He Xu , Xiao Min , Vultur Adina , Villanueva Jessie , Mitsuuchi Yasuhiro , Neiman Eric M. , Benetatos Christopher , Nathanson Katherine L. , Amaravadi Ravi K. , Pehamberger Hubert , McKinlay Mark , Herlyn Meenhard 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Purpose: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) promote cancer cell survival and confer resistance to therapy. We report on the ability of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases mimetic, birinapant, which acts as antagonist to cIAP1 and cIAP2, to restore the sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli such as TNF-α in melanomas.
Experimental Design: Seventeen melanoma cell lines, representing five major genetic subgroups of cutaneous melanoma, were treated with birinapant as a single agent or in combination with TNF-α. Effects on cell viability, target inhibition, and initiation of apoptosis were assessed and findings were validated in 2-dimensional (2D), 3D spheroid, and in vivo xenograft models.
Results: When birinapant was combined with TNF-α, strong combination activity, that is, neither compound was effective individually but the combination was highly effective, was observed in 12 of 18 cell lines. This response was conserved in spheroid models, whereas in vivo birinapant inhibited tumor growth without adding TNF-α in in vitro resistant cell lines. Birinapant combined with TNF-α inhibited the growth of a melanoma cell line with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibition to the same extent as in the parental cell line.
Conclusions: Birinapant in combination with TNF-α exhibits a strong antimelanoma effect in vitro. Birinapant as a single agent shows in vivo antitumor activity, even if cells are resistant to single agent therapy in vitro. Birinapant in combination with TNF-α is effective in a melanoma cell line with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res; 19(7); 1784–94. ©2013 AACR.
Power in Numbers: Meta-analysis to Identify Inhibitor-Sensitive Tumor Genotypes
Authors: Oxnard Geoffrey R. , Jänne Pasi A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Widespread tumor genotyping has increased the complexity of lung cancer care, often identifying mutations of uncertain clinical significance. In the accompanying article, the authors carried out a meta-analysis of the published literature on EGF receptor (EGFR) genotype and erlotinib/gefitinib sensitivity to develop a publicly accessible database to inform patient care. Clin Cancer Res; 19(7); 1634–6. ©2013 AACR.
Computed Tomography Workup of Patients Suspected of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhu Guangming , Michel Patrik , Aghaebrahim Amin , Patrie James T. , Xin Wenjun , Eskandari Ashraf , Zhang Weiwei , Wintermark Max 
Published: February 2013

Background and Purpose—
To determine whether perfusion computed tomography (PCT) adds value to noncontrast head CT (NCT), CT angiogram (CTA), and clinical assessment in patients suspected of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—
We retrospectively reviewed 165 patients with acute ischemic stroke. PCT was used to calculate the volumes of infarct core and ischemic penumbra on admission. Other imaging data included Alberta Score Program Early CT Score, site of occlusion, and collateral flow. Clinical data included age, time, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at baseline, treatment type, and modified Rankin score (mRS) at 90 days. Recanalization status was assessed on follow-up imaging. In a first multivariate regression analysis, we assessed whether volumes of PCT penumbra and infarct core could be predicted from clinical variables, NCT, or CTA, or whether they represented independent information. In a second multivariate regression analysis, we used mRS at 90 days as outcome and determined which variables predicted it best.

Results—

Of 165 patients identified, 76 had a mRS score of 0 to 2 at 90 days, 89 had a mRS score >2. PCT infarct could be predicted by clinical data, NCT, CTA, and combinations of this data (
P
<0.05). PCT penumbra could not be predicted by clinical data, NCT, and CTA. All of the variables but NCT and CTA were significantly associated with 90-day mRS outcome. The single most important predictor was recanalization status (
P
<0.001). PCT penumbra volume (
P
=0.001) was also a predictor of clinical outcome, especially when considered in conjunction with recanalization through an interaction term (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
PCT penumbra represents independent information, which cannot be predicted by clinical, NCT, and CTA data. PCT penumbra is an important determinant of clinical outcome and adds relevant clinical information compared with a stroke CT workup, including NCT and CTA.
The Commentary on Luke Attributed to Eusebius of Caesarea
Authors: Whealey A. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The authenticity of a catena on the gospel of Luke (PG 24,529-605), which was attributed to Eusebius of Caesarea by Nicetas of Heraclea, is dubious. One short fragment appears to derive from Procopius of Gaza’s Commentary on the Octateuch, raising a question about the catena’s overall integrity as well as its authenticity. Some of the vocabulary and themes in the longer fragments are more characteristic of Eusebius of Emesa than of Eusebius of Caesarea. Thus the bulk of these fragments were probably written by Eusebius of Emesa, but wrongly attributed to Eusebius of Caesarea because of name confusion in the catenae lemmata.
Development of a China Dataset of Soil Hydraulic Parameters Using Pedotransfer Functions for Land Surface Modeling
Authors: Dai Yongjiu , Shangguan Wei , Duan Qingyun , Liu Baoyuan , Fu Suhua , Niu Guoyue 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe objective of this study is to develop a dataset of the soil hydraulic parameters associated with two empirical soil functions (i.e., a water retention curve and hydraulic conductivity) using multiple pedotransfer functions (PTFs). The dataset is designed specifically for regional land surface modeling for China. The authors selected 5 PTFs to derive the parameters in the Clapp and Hornberger functions and the van Genuchten and Mualem functions and 10 PTFs for soil water contents at capillary pressures of 33 and 1500 kPa. The inputs into the PTFs include soil particle size distribution, bulk density, and soil organic matter. The dataset provides 12 estimated parameters and their associated statistical values. The dataset is available at a 30 × 30 arc second geographical spatial resolution and with seven vertical layers to the depth of 1.38 m. The dataset has several distinct advantages even though the accuracy is unknown for lack of in situ and regional measurements. First, this dataset utilizes the best available soil characteristics dataset for China. The Chinese soil characteristics dataset was derived by using the 1:1 000 000 Soil Map of China and 8595 representative soil profiles. Second, this dataset represents the first attempt to estimate soil hydraulic parameters using PTFs directly for continental China at a high spatial resolution. Therefore, this dataset should capture spatial heterogeneity better than existing estimates based on lookup tables according to soil texture classes. Third, the authors derived soil hydraulic parameters using multiple PTFs to allow flexibility for data users to use the soil hydraulic parameters most preferable to or suitable for their applications.
Effect of a plantar perceptual learning task on walking stability in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nakano Hideki , Nozaki Makoto , Ueta Kozo , Osumi Michihiro , Kawami Seigou , Morioka Shu 
Published: February 2013

Objective: To determine whether the plantar perceptual learning task, using a hardness discrimination training, efficiently improves walking stability in the elderly. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: Elder day-care center. Participants: Eighty-six elderly people (73.84 SD 5.98 years) who went to an elder day-care center were randomly assigned evenly to either an intervention or a control group. Intervention: The intervention group performed a task to discriminate hardness differences while standing on sponge mats of different levels of hardness. The control group underwent the same task except that they were not instructed to discriminate hardness levels of the mats. The tasks were carried out over a four-week period for 10 days for both groups. Outcome measures: Outcome was assessed by determining root mean squares of trunk acceleration during walking. Results: Plantar perception was significantly improved in the intervention group after training ( F = 26.24, p < 0.01). In addition, changes in root mean square values of acceleration were significantly greater after training in the intervention group (medial–lateral, 0.36 SD 0.26; vertical, 0.32 SD 0.24; anterio–posterior, 0.26 SD 0.24) than in the control group (medial–lateral, 0.14 SD 0.28, vertical, 0.16 SD 0.35, anterio–posterior, 0.12 SD 0.29) ( p < 0.05). Changes in walking speed were not significantly different ( p = 0.13) between the intervention (0.06 SD 0.13) and control groups (0.02 SD 0.14). Conclusion: The plantar perceptual learning task might efficiently stabilize postural control during walking in the elderly.
The implementation of evidence-based rehabilitation services for stroke survivors living in the community: the results of a Delphi consensus process
Authors: Fisher Rebecca J , Walker Marion F , Golton Ian , Jenkinson Damian 
Published: February 2013

Background: Recovery from stroke requires the provision of specialist rehabilitative care, yet there is a lack of research evidence on optimal methods of delivery and inequitable service provision across countries. Following consensus on Early Supported Discharge, our aim was to define core components of evidence-based community stroke services. Design: We used a modified Delphi approach with a purposive sample of 26 UK-based expert panellists (10 academics, 15 stroke service leads or commissioners, one stroke survivor). Statements based on research literature and policy documents were generated by an independent, mixed academic and service improvement team of nine. In three rounds of consultation panellists indicated their level of agreement with statements. Free text comments were analysed thematically. Results: Consensus of opinion (>70% agreement) was obtained on 76 of 80 statements. Panellists agreed that stroke specialist care tailored to clinical need should be provided following discharge from hospital. Flexible care pathways should be commissioned and provided through strategic and collaborative leadership across health and social care. Teams need to deliver stroke specialist rehabilitation, handing over responsibility to non-specialist services when patient rehabilitation goals have been met. Lack of consensus on whether to provide services exclusively for stroke patients and the need of support for carers highlights areas for further research. Conclusions: Consensus on the provision of evidence-based community stroke rehabilitation has been reached. Commissioning services with a clearly defined remit, which can deliver tailored care to individual stroke patients, is a challenge that needs further exploration.
Expression of dendritic cell lysosome-associated membrane protein and dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin in condyloma acuminatum lesions
Authors: Ma Wei-Yuan , Zhuang Le , Qi Qi-Chao , Sun Qing 
Published: February 2013

Objective Retrospective, observational study to explore the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in condyloma acuminatum lesions (genital warts) and their relationship with duration of the disease. Methods Condyloma acuminatum lesion samples were collected from male patients with the condition and compared with normal foreskin samples from male volunteers. Cellular locations of dendritic cell lysosome-associated membrane protein (DC-LAMP) and dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) were detected using immunohistochemistry. Levels of both proteins were determined using Western blot analysis; levels of their corresponding mRNAs were measured using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Results The mRNA and protein levels of DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN were both significantly higher in condyloma acuminatum lesions ( n = 30 samples) compared with normal skin samples ( n = 13). Levels of DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN protein and duration of disease were inversely correlated. Conclusions DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN may be involved in the pathogenesis of condyloma acuminatum. Their levels were inversely correlated with the duration of disease, suggesting that DCs might be involved in human papillomavirus clearance.
Injection-moulded biocomposites from polylactic acid (PLA) and recycled carbon fibre
Authors: Chen Richard , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar K 
Published: February 2013

The properties of injection-moulded polylactic acid (PLA) and recycled carbon fibre composites are examined in this study. Measurement of tensile, flexural, and impact resistance properties quantify the mechanical properties of the composites with increased fibre loading. Tensile strength and modulus of PLA and 30 wt% carbon fibre composite were found to increase by 73% and 438%, while flexural strength and modulus of carbon fibre composite increased by 53% and 400% compared to neat PLA. Consequently, storage modulus measured by dynamic mechanical analysis also improved with the addition of carbon fibre. Mechanical properties were correlated with the Hirsch model. Composite morphological study through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed pullout and partial wetting of fibre by matrix along with agglomeration. Differential scanning calorimetry study of the composites showed minor increase in relative crystallinity and crystallization temperature, while melting and cold crystallization temperatures were found to decrease due to the high-thermal conductivity of carbon fibre.