bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining rates of landscape evolution in a south Tibetan graben with in situ‐produced cosmogenic 10Be
Authors: Rades Eike F. , Hetzel Ralf , Strobl Marcus , Xu Qiang , Ding Lin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Tangra Yum Co graben is one of the active structures that accommodate the east‐west extension of the southern Tibetan Plateau and hosts one of the largest Tibetan lakes, which experienced lake‐level changes of ~200 m during the Holocene. In this study, cosmogenic 10Be is employed to: (1) quantify catchment‐wide denudation rates in fault‐bounded mountain ranges adjacent to the Tangra Yum Co graben; (2) date palaeo‐shorelines related to the Holocene lake‐level decline; and (3) determine the age of glacial advances in this region. The fault‐bounded, non‐glaciated mountain range north of Tangra Yum Co – and presumably most other areas around the lake – erode at low rates of 10–70 mm/ka. Owing to the slow erosion of the landscape, the sediments delivered to Tangra Yum Co have high 10Be concentrations. As a consequence, accurate exposure dating of sediment‐covered terraces and beach ridges is difficult, because the pre‐depositional 10Be concentration may exceed the post‐depositional 10Be concentration from which exposure ages are calculated. This difficulty is illustrated by a rather inaccurate 10Be exposure age of 2.3 ± 1.4 ka (i.e. an error of 60%) for a terrace that is located 67 m above the lake. Nevertheless, the age is consistent with luminescence ages for a series of beach ridges and provides further evidence for the decline of the lake level in the late Holocene. At Tangra Yum Co exposure dating of beach ridges via 10Be depth profiles is not feasible, because the pre‐depositional 10Be component in these landforms varies with depth, which violates a basic assumption of this approach. 10Be ages for boulders from two moraines are much older than the early Holocene lake‐level highstand, indicating that melting of glaciers in the mountain ranges adjacent to Tangra Yum Co has not contributed significantly to the lake‐level highstand in the early Holocene. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complications after CO2 laser surgery for early glottic cancer: An institutional experience
Authors: Lee Migie , Buchanan Malcolm A. , Riffat Faruque , Palme Carsten E. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundTransoral laser microsurgery (TLM) of the glottis is increasingly utilized in the current management of early glottic cancer, its advantages being administrative ease, potential to be repeated, ability to keep radiotherapy and open laryngeal surgery available as salvage options, and low complication rates.MethodsA retrospective chart review of prospectively gathered data on all patients over a 10‐year period who had undergone TLM for Tis or early (T1–2) glottic squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) was analyzed to examine the complications experienced.ResultsOf 132 patients undergoing TLM, complications were: edema requiring tracheostomy (n = 1), surgical emphysema (n = 1), pharyngeal bruising (n = 1), endotracheal tube cuff perforation (n = 1), anterior glottic web (n = 14), vocal cord granuloma (n = 14), laryngocele (n = 1), and none of airway fire or intraoperative or postoperative hemorrhage.ConclusionOur results suggest that for early glottic cancers, and in skilled hands, with appropriate anesthetic and theater staff support, TLM is a safe and repeatable procedure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E987–E990, 2016
Evaluation of clinical presentation and referral indications for ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid as possible predictors of thyroid cancer
Authors: Abu‐Ghanem Sara , Cohen Oded , Lazutkin Anna , Abu‐Ghanem Yasmin , Fliss Dan M. , Yehuda Moshe 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundWhether initial clinical presentation and thyroid ultrasonography referral indications can significantly predict malignant/suspicious for malignancy (Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology [Bethesda] V/VI) thyroid ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology results is unknown.MethodsBetween January 2010 and May 2014, we performed 705 thyroid ultrasound‐guided FNA biopsies, according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines. Univariate analysis was used to identify significant predictors for Bethesda V/VI thyroid ultrasound‐guided FNA cytology, including age, sex, imaging modality, thyroid dysfunction, neck pain, breathing difficulties, dysphagia, odynophagia, fatigue, lateral cervical mass, parotid mass, and hyperparathyroidism.ResultsSixty percent of patients were referred to thyroid ultrasound‐guided FNA because of thyroid incidentalomas and 40% because of palpable thyroid nodules found on physical examination. Only positron emission tomography (PET)‐CT emerged as being a significant predictor for Bethesda V/VI thyroid ultrasound‐guided FNA cytology (odds ratio [OR] = 5.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16–27.33; p = .03).ConclusionPatient symptomatology and initial clinical thyroid ultrasound‐guided FNA referral indications cannot predict the nature of thyroid nodules. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E991–E995, 2016
Impact of positional changes in neural monitoring endotracheal tube on amplitude and latency of electromyographic response in monitored thyroid surgery: Results from the Porcine Experiment
Authors: Kim Hoon Yub , Tufano Ralph P. , Randolph Gregory , Barczyński Marcin , Wu Che‐Wei , Chiang Feng‐Yu , Liu Xiaoli , Masuoka Hiroo , Miyauchi Akira , Park Soo Young , Kwak Hee Yong , Lee Hye Yoon , Dionigi Gianlorenzo ,   the Korean Intraoperative Neural Monitoring Society (KINMoS)
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate electromyography (EMG) amplitude and latency changes during tube dislocation in monitored thyroid surgery, which may be observed without recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.MethodsDuroc–Landrace piglets were intubated with the TriVantage EMG tube. We measured EMG changes during both upward and downward tube dislocation (10–20 mm) and rotation (45–90°) with continuous neuromonitoring.ResultsThe EMG amplitude varied significantly with induced endotracheal tube rotation and depth changes. However, the EMG latency was relatively unaffected by such tube dislocation, just a transient artifactual latency change was observed in the situation of extreme amplitude variation.ConclusionAmplitude changes without latency changes may be due to changes in tube position alone during surgery, but could still reflect a neurophysiologic event; amplitude changes during neuropraxic injury merit additional investigation. Thus, the combined event (concordant amplitude decrease and latency increase) serves as an appropriate adverse EMG event correlating with impending neural injury. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1004–E1008, 2016
Reconstruction of an inferior orbital rim and cheek defect with a pedicled osteomyocutaneous submental flap
Authors: Al Felasi Mohammad A. , Bissada Eric , Ayad Tareck 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to present the feasibility of reconstructing an inferior orbital rim and cheek defect with a pedicled osteomyocutaneous submental flap.MethodA 77‐year‐old women with a right nasosinusal adenoid cystic carcinoma invading soft tissues and skin of the cheek, the inferior rim of the orbit, the hard palate, and the middle turbinate is presented. A right radical maxillectomy with preservation of the eye was performed. A pedicled osteomyocutaneous submental island flap was used to reconstruct the defect. An inferior marginal mandibular section was incorporated with the flap and used to reconstruct the inferior orbital rim.ResultsSatisfactory cosmetic and functional results were reached by reconstructing the inferior rim of the orbit and the cheek skin using this flap.ConclusionThis is the first case report of an osteomyocutaneous submental flap for reconstruction of an inferior orbital rim defect. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E64–E67, 2016
Long‐term late toxicities and quality of life for survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy versus non–intensity‐modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Huang Tai‐Lin , Chien Chih‐Yen , Tsai Wen‐Ling , Liao Kuan‐Cho , Chou Shang‐Yu , Lin Hsin‐Ching , Dean Luo Sheng , Lee Tsair‐Fwu , Lee Chien‐Hung , Fang Fu‐Min 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate late toxicities and quality of life (QOL) of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with long‐term survival after treatment by intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) versus non‐IMRT.MethodsAn observational, cross‐sectional study of QOL and late toxicities was conducted in 242 patients with NPC with survival of >5 years after treatment with IMRT (n = 100) or non‐IMRT (n = 142) by using physician‐assessed toxicities (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] version 4) and the patient‐reported European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30‐questions (EORTC QLQ‐C30) and the Head and Neck 35‐questions (EORTC QLQ‐C30‐H&N35) module.ResultsThe IMRT group had both statistically (p < .05) and clinically (difference of predicted mean scores ≥10 points) better outcome in global QOL, cognitive functioning, social functioning, fatigue, and 11 scales of the head and neck module. Late toxicities, including neuropathy, hearing loss, dysphagia, xerostomia, and neck fibrosis were significantly less severe in the IMRT group. Multivariate analysis revealed that the radiotherapy (RT) technique was statistically significantly associated with late toxicities and QOL outcome after adjusting for other clinical and demographic variables.ConclusionThe use of the IMRT technique was associated with the improvement of physician‐assessed late toxicities and patient‐reported QOL in NPC survivors. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1026–E1032, 2016
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the sinonasal region
Authors: Bell Diana , Hanna Ehab Y. , Weber Randal S. , DeMonte Franco , Triantafyllou Asterios , Lewis James S. , Cardesa Antonio , Slootweg Pieter J. , Stenman Göran , Gnepp Douglas R. , Devaney Kenneth O. , Rodrigo Juan P. , Rinaldo Alessandra , Wenig Bruce M. , Westra William H. , Bishop Justin A. , Hellquist Henrik , Hunt Jennifer L. , Kusafuka Kimihide , Perez–Ordoñez Bayardo , Williams Michelle D. , Takes Robert P. , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: June 2015

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms of the sinonasal region, which are relatively uncommon but clinically very important, are reviewed here in the light of current knowledge. Using a definition for neuroendocrine based on phenotypic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic features rather than histogenetic criteria, sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinomas are examined with a particular emphasis on the small‐cell and large‐cell subtypes. This is followed by revisiting olfactory neuroblastoma because it is also a tumor that shows a neuroendocrine phenotype. Kadish clinical and Hyams histologic grading systems as prognosticators of olfactory neuroblastoma are also considered in detail. Finally, controversies regarding sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma as a neuroendocrine tumor are discussed and a possible relationship with high‐grade olfactory neuroblastoma is explored. Genetic events and current management of these tumors are also outlined. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2259–E2266, 2016
Staging of early lymph node metastases with the sentinel lymph node technique and predictive factors in T1/T2 oral cavity cancer: A retrospective single‐center study
Authors: Pedersen Nicklas Juel , Jensen David Hebbelstrup , Hedbäck Nora , Frendø Martin , Kiss Katalin , Lelkaitis Giedrius , Mortensen Jann , Christensen Anders , Specht Lena , von Buchwald Christian 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of detecting lymph node metastases and to identify predictive and prognostic clinicopathological factors in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB).MethodsAll patients diagnosed with cT1 to T2N0 OSCC who underwent a diagnostic SLNB between 2007 and 2013 were included.ResultsWe identified 253 patients, of whom 27% had a positive sentinel lymph node (SLB). The false‐negative rate, sensitivity, and negative predictive value (NPV) were 5%, 88%, and 95%, respectively. Patients with micrometastases as well as macrometastases had a separately, significantly shorter disease‐specific survival than patients with pN0 disease. In a logistic regression model, the maximum tumor thickness, perineural invasion, and differentiation grade were independent predictive factors for the presence of metastases.ConclusionThese data support the use of the SLNB technique as an accurate and safe staging tool in patients with OSCC with a cN0 neck. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1033–E1040, 2016
Secondary tracheoesophageal puncture using transnasal esophagoscopy in gastric pull‐up reconstruction after total laryngopharyngoesophagectomy
Authors: Noel Daniel , Fink Daniel S. , Kunduk Melda , Schexnaildre Mell A. , DiLeo Michael , McWhorter Andrew J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere is debate about the optimal voice restoration method and technique for patients who have undergone total laryngopharyngectomy, esophagectomy, and gastric pull‐up. The purpose of this study was to report a series of patients who underwent awake, secondary tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) after this procedure.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed at a tertiary referral center. All subjects who underwent TEP placement under transnasal esophagoscopy guidance between 2003 and 2013 were included.ResultsAll patients underwent uncomplicated TEP in the clinic. At the time of last follow‐up, all patients had functional TEP speech that they were using preferentially over an available electrolarynx.ConclusionIn‐office placement of secondary TEP using transnasal esophagoscopy is an efficient means of providing a conduit for voice prostheses in patients who have undergone laryngopharyngectomy with gastric pull up reconstruction. This procedure can be performed with minimal complications and with expectation of voice outcomes comparable to that seen with standard laryngectomy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E61–E63, 2016
Surgical approaches to jugular foramen schwannomas: An anatomic study
Authors: Komune Noritaka , Matsushima Ken , Matsushima Toshio , Komune Shizuo , Rhoton Albert L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe variety of surgical approaches to jugular schwannomas makes selection of an approach difficult. The purpose of this study was to define the anatomic elements of these approaches.MethodsTen adult cadaveric heads were examined.ResultsThere are lateral, posterior, and anterior routes that access various parts of the jugular foramen. Removal of the jugular process of the occipital bone provides access to the posterior aspect of the foramen, the infralabyrinthine mastoidectomy provides access to the lateral edge and dome of the jugular bulb, and the preauricular approaches provide access to the anterior margin of the bulb and foramen. Additions to these approaches may include cervical and vertebral artery exposure, facial nerve transposition, foramen magnum exposure, and external canal and condylar resection.ConclusionAn understanding of the anatomy of the jugular foramen is crucial in achieving total tumor removal while minimizing risk. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1041–E1053, 2016
Impact of feeding tube choice on severe late dysphagia after definitive chemoradiotherapy for human papillomavirus–negative head and neck cancer
Authors: Ward Matthew C. , Bhateja Priyanka , Nwizu Tobenna , Kmiecik Joann , Reddy Chandana A. , Scharpf Joseph , Lamarre Eric D. , Burkey Brian B. , Greskovich John F. , Adelstein David J. , Koyfman Shlomo A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundSevere late dysphagia is common after chemoradiotherapy for cancers of the larynx and oropharynx. Options for reduction of severe late dysphagia are limited for human papillomavirus (HPV)‐negative patients. In this study, the role of feeding tube choice in severe late dysphagia is investigated.MethodsPatients disease‐free after chemoradiotherapy for HPV‐negative cancers of the laryngopharynx who received a feeding tube on‐treatment were identified. The incidence of severe late dysphagia after reactive nasogastric (R‐NG), proactive or reactive percutaneous gastrostomy (P‐PEG or R‐PEG) was assessed using log‐rank and Cox analyses.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients received a feeding tube on‐treatment and remained disease‐free. Median follow‐up was 64 months. The 5‐year incidence of severe late dysphagia was 30.8% in the R‐NG cohort (n = 36), 56.4% in the R‐PEG (n = 17; p = .193), and 60.9% in the P‐PEG (n = 25; p = .016) cohorts. On multivariate analysis, percutaneous gastrostomy (PEG) feeding was independently associated with an increased rate of severe late dysphagia.ConclusionR‐NG use during chemoradiotherapy is associated with less severe late dysphagia and is preferred over PEG. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1054–E1060, 2016
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and overall survival in all sites of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Rachidi Saleh , Wallace Kristin , Wrangle John M. , Day Terry A. , Alberg Anthony J. , Li Zihai 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundCurrent prognostic criteria are insufficient in predicting outcomes in head and neck cancer, necessitating new, readily available biomarkers.MethodsPretreatment neutrophil and lymphocyte counts and their ratio (NLR) were retrospectively investigated for correlation with overall survival while controlling for demographic and clinical confounders.ResultsPatients in the highest tertile of neutrophil counts and those in the lowest tertile of lymphocytes experienced shorter survival than the rest of the population. Patients in the highest tertile of the NLR were at a higher risk compared with those in the lowest tertile after multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.39; p = .0001). Additionally, NLR was lower in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive tumors compared to HPV‐negative tumors and predicted survival in both tumor types.ConclusionNeutrophil and lymphocyte counts are strong biomarkers with opposing prognostic significance and the NLR is a robust predictor of overall survival in oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1068–E1074, 2016
Long Vertically Aligned TiO2 Nanotube Electrodes Prepared via Two‐Step Anodization for Highly Efficient Photovoltaics
Authors: Kim Jae‐Yup , Shin Junyoung , Kim Donghwan , Sung Yung‐Eun , Ko Min Jae 
Published: June 2015

AbstractVertically aligned long TiO2 nanotube (NT) electrodes with optimized structures for photovoltaic application were prepared by a two‐step anodization method. The structures of the conventional TiO2 NT electrodes prepared by one‐step anodization became severely bundled and disordered for tube lengths exceeding 20 μm. On the other hand, two‐step anodization resulted in uniform and bundle‐free TiO2 NT electrodes, with tube lengths of up to 38 μm. When used in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as photoanodes, the two‐step TiO2 NT electrodes exhibited enhanced short‐circuit current density (Jsc) with increasing tube length, owing to an increased roughness factor, which resulted in high dye loading. However, the dark current and open‐circuit voltage decay (OCVD) curves confirmed that the electron recombination rate increased, and the electron lifetime decreased, with increasing tube length. This reduced electron lifetime resulted in sharp reductions in the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) with increasing tube length. Owing to the trade‐off between the enhanced current density and the reduced electron lifetime, an optimal conversion efficiency of 4.56 % was obtained for a tube length of 29 μm.
Study on the Catalysts Used in the Preparation of Dioctyl Phthalate
Authors: Li Tao‐Ping 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSulfuric acid, p‐toluene sulfonic acid, silica gel, alumina gel, aluminum oxide and powdered aluminum were used as catalyst for the preparation of dioctyl phthalate by direct esterification. The effect of these was carefully studied. When sulfuric acid or p‐toluene sulfonic acid was used as catalyst, benzene, toluene, or low boiling fraction of gasoline, was added to the reaction mixture for the removal of water, a yield as high as 95% was attainad by using 2–3% of catalyst and 15% excess of octyl alcohol.In the case of solid catalyst, powdered aluminum was most satisfactory, the amount of catalyst used being 5%, 92–93% yield was attained. No solvent was used.
Moleculer Orbital Theory of Hyperconjugation. I. Cyclopentadiene, Cycloheptatriene and Toluene
Authors: Lin Wei‐Chuwan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe M.O. theory is applied to treat the hyperconjugation in cyclopentadiene, cycloheptatriene and toluene. The results obtained are listed in Table 1, and briefly discussed in relation to the experimental facts.
Separation of Metals by Anion Exchange Resins. I. The Separation of Uranium from Thorium
Authors: Chen Ying‐Mao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe separation of uranium from thorium by anion exchange resin Amberlite IRA‐400 in ethylenediaminetetraacetate (E. D. T. A.) form was studied. After these two elements were adsorped by the resin in E.D.T.A. form, it was found that thorium could be easily desorbed with dilute solution of ferric acetate but uranium was stable toward this solution. Uranium could be only desorbed with 0.02 N of hydrochloric acid after. it was washed throughly with distilled water. These results were quite contrary to those obtained in aqueous solution by Cobell(1), who reported that the complex formed by uranium with E.D.T.A. was weaker than those of thorium. Advantage was taken of the stronger adsorption of uranium by resins in E.D.T.A. form for the separation of these two elements with quite satisfactory results.
Separation of Metals by Anion Exchange Resins. II. Nitrate Elution Method for the Separation of Thorium from Rare‐Earths
Authors: Chen Ying‐Mao , Liu Chia‐Tsung , Chen Tung‐Ho 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIf a mixture of nitrates of thorium, cerium and rare‐earths in 6 N nitric acid was allowed to pass through a column containing anion exchange resins of Amberlite IRA‐400 in nitrate form, thorium could be sharply separated from rare‐earths including cerium. It seemed that thorium might form thoric nitrate complex anion, for they could be retained quantitatively. Although ceric cerium was known to form complex nitrato‐cerate anion in 6 N nitric acid, it could not be retained but was washed out from the column with the other rare‐earths, owing probably to the reduction of ceric ion by the resins.
Microdetermination of Pentose and Furfural by Anthrone Reaction
Authors: Su Jong‐Ching , Ho Hon‐Kai 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPure furural, or furfural obtained from pentose by sulfuric acid catalyzed distillation was found to react with anthrone reagent at 0°C. The resulting reaction mixture acquired the characteristic color sufficiently permanent to permit colorimetric determinations. This two‐step anthrone reaction was found to be suited for the estimation of pentose fairly contaminated with hexose. Pure pentose samples were determined successfully by the ferric chloride sensitized one‐step method. The role of ferric chloride in the anthrone reaction of pentose was studied and discussed.