bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Valencia Jeffrey , Malaluan Namphril , Cheng Paula Victoria Catherine , Alvarez Michael Brian , Sy Rody , Punzalan Felix Eduardo 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels, which includes coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease. It is currently the leading cause of death worldwide. Currently, there is paucity in the available epidemiologic data of CVD in Southeast Asia (SEA).

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, mortality rate, and associated risk factors of CVD (specifically ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease) among adult populations in SEA.

METHODS: A systematic review of published articles between 2015 and 2020 was conducted. The authors also searched the World Health Organization database and publicly available health department websites of Southeast Asian countries.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of CVDs in SEA is 5.48%. Specifically, the prevalence of ischemic heart disease is 1.54% and is highest in Thailand (2.54%). Ischemic stroke has a prevalence of 1.03% and is highest in Indonesia (1.97%). Prevalence of peripheral artery disease is 1.36% and is also highest in Thailand (1.92%). Mortality rate from CVD in SEA is 13.41%. Hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and hypertension are the most common risk factors, with prevalence of 41.2%, 21.1%, and 20.9%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The prevalence and mortality rate of CVD in SEA remain high and are associated with high prevalence of underlying risk factors. Interventions should be strengthened to improve the overall picture in the region. Collaborative efforts among Southeast Asian countries are essential not only in generating comparative epidemiologic data but also in sharing best practices in lowering CVD mortality and morbidity.

KEYWORDS: cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, risk factors, Southeast Asia
Low-Dose Thrombolysis in an Intermediate High-Risk Submassive Pulmonary Embolism With Right Atrial Thrombus: A Case Report
Authors: Suero Joyce Karla , Patiño Irene , Mendoza Jeffrey 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Venous thromboembolism, encompassing pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is the third most common acute cardiovascular syndrome. It requires prompt diagnosis and risk-based treatment strategies.

CASE: A 47-year-old male, 30-pack-year smoker who recently underwent open reduction and internal fixation of the right femur presented with dyspnea. There was no hemodynamic instability. Twelve-lead electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm with incomplete right bundle-branch block, and troponin was elevated. Chest x-ray showed dilated right descending pulmonary artery. Two-dimensional echocardiogram revealed right atrial thrombus with right ventricular dysfunction. Computed tomography of the pulmonary artery confirmed massive PE with infarct on the posterobasal segment of the right lower lobe. Venous duplex scan of the lower extremities showed an acute DVT of the right femoral vein, popliteal vein, and peroneal vein. Anticoagulation was started. With a dilemma of a recent surgery in an intermediate high-risk submassive PE, options other than guideline-recommended systemic thrombolysis were considered. A multidisciplinary consensus recommended the administration of low-dose thrombolysis, which later resulted to clinical improvement.

CONCLUSION: This is the first documented local case of successful resolution of a right atrial thrombus with pulmonary thrombus and DVT using low-dose thrombolysis, without complications of bleeding, in a patient with contraindications to thrombolysis. With more clinical experience and studies of low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in this special population, it can offer a promising treatment option.

KEYWORDS: pulmonary embolism, submassive, low-dose systemic thrombolysis, contraindication for thrombolysis, alteplase, tPA, right atrial thrombus
Factors Associated with Reperfusion Lung Injury After Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Gayeta Claudio , Reganion Juan , Sanz Bianca , Zampaga Sarah 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Reperfusion lung injury (RLI) is one of the most common complications after Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) correction which leads to prolonged hospitalization and significant morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the different factors that may be associated with RLI after TOF correction.

METHODS: All patients who underwent TOF correction from January 2015 to December 2016 in a tertiary cardiovascular referral center were included. Baseline characteristics, echocardiographic and intraoperative findings along with their post-operative course were reviewed. Serial chest radiographs were reviewed and each lung was given a pulmonary edema score prior to and after surgery to determine the presence of RLI. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata SE version 13. Factors associated with RLI were determined using logistic logarithm analysis. The level of significance was set at 5%.

RESULTS: RLI was present in 41 of 114 (36%) patients after TOF correction. Female sex was associated with the development of RLI (OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.29-6.55; p=0.01). Intraoperative use of propofol was a protective factor, with an OR of 0.24 (95% CI 0.07-0.85, p=0.027). We did not identify a significant association between the occurrence of RLI and the factors that reflect the degree of pulmonary stenosis.

CONCLUSION: RLI is common after TOF correction. Female sex increases the odds of its occurrence while intraoperative use of propofol is a protective factor.

KEYWORDS: Tetralogy of Fallot, TOF correction, reperfusion lung injury
UP- PGH Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Fellowship Training and COVID-19: Opportunities and Innovations
Authors: Punzalan Felix Eduardo , Agustin Ruth Divine , Evangelista Lauren Kay , Tuazon Cecileen Anne , Beluso Michael Vic , Gloria Frederick Philip B , Magno Jose Donato A 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected training programs because of changes in patient load and service assignments. This posed certain challenges in the implementation of the pre–COVID-19 training curriculum recommendations by the Philippine Heart Association Specialty Board on Adult Cardiology.

OBJECTIVE: This article describes the challenges, training adjustments and innovations, and the impact on the training program of these changes instituted by the University of the Philippines–Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (DCVM) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: This is a descriptive article based on review of changes and improvements of the UP-PGH DCVM training manual and guidelines adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic.

FINDINGS: The COVID-19 pandemic challenges provided opportunities for innovation of the training program. The program emphasized focus on maximizing team-based learning from every clinical encounter toward achievement of learning outcomes and competency. The training committee closely monitored the learning environment and trainee’s learning progress to achieve outcomes beyond the traditional metrics such as census and procedural numbers. It adopted online clinical encounters, conference, and case discussion. To enhance learning, virtual engagement supplemented physical encounters between consultants and training fellows assigned to various clinical rotations. Real-world research results on the impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health were utilized to enhance knowledge. Risk mitigation and transmission reduction strategies were adopted to ensure safety of all staff. The division also incorporated a strong wellness program to provide holistic approach to trainees’ and trainers’ health. New competencies were developed such as telemedicine, infection prevention and control, and creation of virtual patient education programs.

CONCLUSION: The training institution met the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic with resiliency and unity. The adjustments and innovations in training instituted by PGH DCVM proved useful in addressing the challenges posed by the pandemic. The situation was viewed

as an opportunity to innovate and pursue a better program adaptive of the ever-changing environment, toward forming competent future cardiologists by enhancing focus not only on numbers but rather on the process of achievement of learning outcomes, embracing virtual and online strategies, institutionalization of wellness program, and development of new guidelines in the approaching patient management cognizant of both health care provider and patient safety and new competencies such as patient virtual education and telemedicine in cardiology.
Association of Intraoperative Factors with Difficult Weaning from Cardiopulmonary Bypass Among Patients with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts
Authors: Roche Meludee Joy , Nuevo Florian 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and the associated intraoperative factors that contribute to difficult weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) among coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

METHODS: This study was a prospective observational cohort study conducted at a specialty center from September 1, 2019, to May 15, 2020. It included adult patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) admitted for elective CABG under the CABG Z-Benefit Package, with an LVEF of greater than 50%. After institutional review board approval, data on consecutive patients scheduled for elective, isolated CABG and meeting the inclusion criteria were prospectively collected and analyzed. Descriptive or qualitative statistics was used to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients.

RESULTS: Data from 52 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis, with 17.3% (n = 9/52) meeting the criteria for difficult weaning from CPB. Of these nine patients, nine (100%) required use of more than one inotrope and/or vasopressor, and two of the nine (22.22%) needed to return to CPB after coming off. Of those patients with nondifficult weaning from CPB, 74.44% (n = 32/43) used a single inotrope, and 42.26% (n = 11/43) successfully separated from CPB without any need for pharmacological support. Among the various parameters assessed, logistic regression analysis showed that every unit increase in base deficit after release of aortic cross-clamp increased the odds of having difficult separation from CPB by 40.21%. Patients who received nicardipine were also 7.8 times more likely to have difficult separation from CPB.

CONCLUSION: In this study of patients with preserved left ventricular function undergoing CABG surgery, we identified two intraoperative variables associated with difficult weaning from CPB: (1) base deficit at release of aortic cross-clamp and (2) the use of nicardipine infusion.
Ductal Stenting to Retrain the Involuted Left Ventricle in a Late Presenter Infant With Transposition of the Great Arteries, Intact Interventricular Septum
Authors: Quitola Ma. Rosita S , Reganion Juan G , Villareal Jean Antonio G 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Ductal stenting can be a nonsurgical option and less morbid method to provide pressure and volume overload to the regressing left ventricle in late presenters of transposition of the great arteries, intact ventricular septum (TGA-IVS), prior to arterial switch operation (ASO).

CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case of an infant diagnosed with TGA-IVS beyond the neonatal period who underwent balloon atrial septostomy and ductal stenting to retrain involuted left ventricle prior to definitive ASO.

DISCUSSION: Ductal stenting is an alternative option in late presenters of transposition of the great arteries with involuted left ventricle. It provides volume loading and, to a lesser extent, pressure loading leading to left ventricular hypertrophy. Also, presence of the stented duct allows improved oxygenation eliminating the need for aortopulmonary shunt. It can be a less morbid method of left ventricular training because it avoids hemodynamic stress, pulmonary artery distortion, and neoaortic valve regurgitation.

CONCLUSION: Ductal stenting in late presenters with TGA-IVS successfully retrains the left ventricle and achieves safe late ASO.

KEYWORDS: congenital heart disease, transposition of great arteries, PDA stenting, arterial switch operation
Clinical Profile, Treatment Strategies, and Outcomes of Filipino Adults with Brugada Pattern Electrocardiogram and Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Manila, Philippines
Authors: Alegado-Aseniero Niña Carissa , Muñoz Vince Ryan , Yap Emily Mae , Gabriel Eden , Agbayani Michael Joseph 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Brugada syndrome is an inheritable syndrome that carries an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. This study aims to delineate the natural history, clinical and electrophysiologic profile, treatment strategies, and outcomes of patients with Brugada pattern electrocardiogram (ECG) and Brugada syndrome in a tertiary care hospital in the Philippines.

METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective observational study of patients diagnosed with Brugada pattern ECG and Brugada syndrome admitted in a single center from 2004 to 2019.

RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were included in the study. All patients were male. In both groups, the majority were nonsmokers (n = 13) and nonalcoholic beverage drinker (n = 14). In patients with Brugada pattern ECG, all presented as an incidental finding (n = 10; P < 0.001), whereas in Brugada syndrome, six patients presented with out-of-hospital resuscitated cardiac arrest (46.15%, P = 0.019). There were only three patients with a family history of sudden cardiac death. All patients had normal ejection fraction and sinus rhythm. Twenty-one patients had ST elevation (91.30%). Fourteen patients had spontaneous type 1 Brugada pattern ECG, whereas the rest were inducible to type 1 after flecainide test. Seven patients underwent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation before discharge; one patient died at the time of diagnosis, and one had recurrent admission for arrhythmia. No single patient received medical management.

CONCLUSION: Clinical profile, ECG findings, and outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups of patients except for the clinical presentation upon diagnosis. Treatment strategies were guideline-directed.

KEYWORDS: Brugada pattern ECG, Brugada syndrome
Strategi Hilirisasi Tanaman Purun menjadi Harta Karun di Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Fadhillah Anas , Auliana Putri Eka , Samsudin Rofik 
Published: July 2024

Tanaman Purun menjadi harta karun bagi sebagian masyarakat yang hidup di daerah tanah gambut, Tanaman ini bisa dimanfaatkan menjadi barang/kerajinan yang bernilai tinggi dan meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat setempat. Selain itu, tanaman purun berpotensi sebagai Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Kalimantan Selatan. Sebab dapat dijadikan kerajinan seperti topi, sedotan, tas, dan tikar yang dijual kepada turis. Namun muncul berbagai macam kendala antara lain permodalan, peningkatan produk, inovasi produk hingga kelangkaan bahan baku produk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis strategi optimalisasi pengembangan produk kerajinan purun yang tepat bagi masyarakat di Kalimantan Selatan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan dengan metode analisis SWOT. Data yang digunakan adalah sekunder. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah masuk ke dalam kuadran I, strategi yang harus diterapkan dalam kondisi ini adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif. Untuk itu diperlukan strategi dan skema antara lain membentuk koperasi, regulasi penggunaan produk purun, pelatihan pengembangan produk purun, mendapat suntikan dari investor, mengikut sertakan pameran, perlu libatkan campur tangan pemerintah dan perbankan, dan gencar kampanye ekonomi hijau. Adapun saran dari hasil analisis ini adalah sebaiknya pengembangan produk purun terus dikembangkan karena menggunakan bahan yang ramah lingkungan, dan perlu adanya pembinaan dan regulasi dari pemerintah.
Synthesis of Dibenzodiazepinones via Tandem Copper(I)‐ Catalyzed CN Bond Formation
Authors: Gawande Sachin D. , Kavala Veerababurao , Zanwar Manoj R. , Kuo Chun‐Wei , Huang Wen‐Chang , Kuo Ting‐Shen , Huang Hsiu‐Ni , He Chiu‐Hui , Yao Ching‐Fa 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAn efficient, one‐pot method for the synthesis of dibenzodiazepinone derivatives involving copper‐catalyzed tandem CN bond formation is reported. The use of various halo amide and 2‐iodoaniline derivatives permitted the synthesis of an array of dibenzodiazepinone derivatives in moderate to good yields. Moreover, a dibenzodiazepinone derivative {2‐(11‐oxo‐5H‐dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin‐10(11H)‐yl)benzonitrile} was utilized to synthesize the triazapentacyclic ring derivative {12‐chloro‐ 8,15,22‐triazapentacyclo[13.7.0.02,7.09,14.016,21]docosa‐1(22),2,4,6,9(14),10,12,16(21),17,19‐decaene}.magnified image
Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of 2‐Phenylpropanal Derivatives to Yield β‐Chiral Primary Amines via Bioamination
Authors: Fuchs Christine S. , Hollauf Manuel , Meissner Maximilian , Simon Robert C. , Besset Tatiana , Reek Joost N. H. , Riethorst Waander , Zepeck Ferdinand , Kroutil Wolfgang 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe amination of racemic α‐chiral aldehydes, 2‐phenylpropanal derivatives, was investigated employing ω‐transaminases. By medium and substrate engineering the optical purity of the resulting β‐chiral chiral amine could be enhanced to reach optical purities up to 99% ee. Using enantiocomplementary ω‐transaminases allowed us to access the (R)‐ as well as the (S)‐enantiomer in most cases. It is important to note that the stereopreference of the ω‐transaminases found for α‐chiral aldehydes did not correlate with the stereopreference previously observed for the amination of methyl ketones. In one case the stereopreference switched even upon exchanging a methyl substituent to a methoxy group.magnified image
Regioselective Benzylation of 2‐Deoxy‐2‐aminosugars using Crown Ethers: Application to a Shortened Synthesis of Hyaluronic Acid Oligomers
Authors: Mukherjee Chinmoy , Liu Lin , Pohl Nicola L. B. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe combination of benzyl bromide, sodium hydroxide and 15‐crown‐5 in tetrahydrofuran is shown to be an efficient method for installing benzyl groups at both the 4‐ and 6‐positions regioselectively directly from peracetylated N‐trichloroacetyl‐protected glucosamine and galactosamine. Application of this benzylation strategy proved to significantly shorten the synthetic route to hyaluronic acid tetra‐ and hexamers.magnified image
Recent Developments in Asymmetric Aziridination
Authors: Pellissier Hélène 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis review updates the recent developments in asymmetric aziridination using chiral substrates as well as chiral catalysts, covering the literature since the beginning of 2010. It clearly demonstrates that this reaction constitutes an important tool in organic synthesis, still attracting considerable interest due to the potential use of enantiopure aziridines as useful intermediates in the synthesis of complex important molecules, and to the intriguing biological activities of numerous aziridine‐containing compounds including natural products.	Abbreviations: Ar: aryl; BINOL: 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol; Bn: benzyl; Boc: tert‐butoxycarbonyl; BUDAM: tetra‐tert‐butyldianisylmethyl; Bz: benzoyl; Cbz: benzyloxycarbonyl; Cy: cyclohexyl; DAM: dianisylmethyl; DBN: 3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl; DCE: 1,2‐dichloroethane; de: diastereomeric excess; DEAD: diethyl azodicarboxylate; DIAD: diisopropyl azodicarboxylate; DMAP: 4‐dimethylaminopyridine; DMF: N,N‐dimethylformamide; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; dr: diastereomeric ratio; ee: enantiomeric excess; esp: α,α,α′,α′‐tetramethyl‐1,3‐benzenedipropionate; FG: functional group; Hex: hexyl; HMDS: hexamethyldisilazide; LDA: lithium diisopropylamide; M: metal; MEDAM: tetramethyldianisylmethyl; MEDPM: tetramethyldiphenylmethyl; Mes: mesyl; MS: molecular sieves; Naph: naphthyl; NCS: N‐chlorosuccinimide; Ns: nosyl; PG: protecting group; Phth: phthalimido; Piv: pivalate; PMB: para‐methoxybenzoyl; PMP: para‐methoxyphenyl; PNNP: N,N′‐bis[ortho‐(diphenylphosphino)benzylidene]cyclohexane‐1,2‐diamine; r.t.: room temperature; SES: trimethylsilylethanesulfonyl; TBS: tert‐butyldimethylsilyl; TEA: triethylamine; Tf: trifluoromethanesulfonyl; TFA: trifluoroacetic acid; THF: tetrahydrofuran; TMG: 1,1,3,3‐tetramethylguanidine; TMS: trimethylsilyl; Tol: tolyl; TPS: triphenylsilyl; Troc: 2,2,2‐trichloroethoxycarbonyl; Ts: 4‐toluenesulfonyl (tosyl).magnified image
The Use of Transesterification Method for Obtaining Phosphorus‐Containing Polymers
Authors: Ilia Gheorghe , Simulescu Vasile , Mak Carmen Andrada , Crasmareanu Eleonora 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTAn introduction and overview of the transesterification method is presented in this review. This method is a very convenient way to obtain polyphosphoesters (PPEs). It can be simply described as a chemical reaction in which an ester is transformed into another one by the exchange of alkoxy groups. In this review, we will refer to the synthesis of PPEs via transesterification. In other words, it is focused on the applications of the transesterification method in phosphorus chemistry to obtain polymers (PPEs). The PPEs are an interesting class of organophosphorus polymers. These compounds are important for biological applications because of their biocompatibility and similarity to biopolymers. When the products are polymers, the chemical reaction is called polytransesterification. This method has also several applications in industry (esters of oil, paint industry).
Rapid progression of pleural disease due to exposure to Libby amphibole: “Not your grandfather's asbestos related disease”
Authors: Black Bradford , Szeinuk Jaime , Whitehouse Alan C. , Levin Stephen M. , Henschke Claudia I. , Yankelevitz David F. , Flores Raja M. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundResidents and mine employees from Libby, Montana, have been exposed to asbestiform amphiboles from the vermiculite mine that operated in this location from the mid‐1920s until 1990. Clinical observations show a different form of asbestos‐related toxicity than other forms of asbestos.MethodsFive illustrative cases from the Center for Asbestos‐Related Diseases in Libby were selected. All had clear exposure histories, multiple follow‐up visits, illustrative chest radiographic studies, serial pulmonary function tests, and sufficient length of follow‐up to characterize disease progression.ResultsThese cases developed increasing symptoms of dyspnea and chest pain, progressive radiological changes that were predominantly pleural, and a restrictive pattern of impaired spirometry that rapidly progressed with significant loss of pulmonary function.ConclusionsLA exposure can cause a non‐malignant pleural disease that is more rapidly progressive and more severe than the usual asbestos‐related disease. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:1197–1206, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
α‐ und β‐Lipomycin: Totalsynthesen auf der Grundlage sequentieller Stille‐Kupplungen und Zuordnung der absoluten Konfiguration aller stereogenen Zentren
Authors: Hofferberth Max L. , Brückner Reinhard 
Published: June 2014

AbstractVor 40 Jahren gelang die Strukturaufklärung von α‐Lipomycin und seinem Aglycon β‐Lipomycin bis darauf, dass die Konfiguration der stereogenen Zentren in der Seitenkette offenblieb. Wir synthetisierten alle in Frage kommenden β‐Lipomycin‐Kandidaten, von denen das (12R,13S)‐Isomer den spezifischen Drehwert des Naturstoffs aufwies, sowie das (12R,13S)‐konfigurierte D‐Digitoxid, dessen spezifischer Drehwert es als α‐Lipomycin auswies. Wir erhärteten diese Strukturzuordnungen, indem wir α‐ und β‐Lipomycin aus Streptomyces isolierten, zu den Diestern 33 und 34 abbauten und deren 3D‐Strukturen durch unabhängige Synthesen bewiesen.