bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Information Revelation in Cheap Talk
Authors: Ivanov Maxim 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper studies a multi-stage version of Crawford and Sobel’s communication game. In every period the receiver determines a test about the unknown state whose result is privately observed by the sender. After the sender sends a costless message about an outcome of the test, the receiver selects a test in the next period. After a finite number of periods of interaction, the receiver makes a decision. The paper offers a sequence of tests that refine sender’s information step-by-step and preserve truthtelling in every period. This sequence allows the receiver to learn the state in a subinterval of the state space with an arbitrary precision and has appealing theoretical properties. It consists of simple binary tests which reveal whether the state is above a certain cutoff, where the cutoffs are monotonic across periods and independent from results of the previous tests. Finally, we show that the relative payoff efficiency of multi-stage interaction compared to a single-stage game increases without a bound as the bias in preferences tends to zero.
Discrete Pareto Distributions
Authors: Buddana Amrutha , Kozubowski Tomasz J. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
We review several common discretization schemes and study a particular class of power-tail probability distributions on integers, obtained by discretizing continuous Pareto II (Lomax) distribution through one of them. Our results include expressions for the density and cumulative distribution functions, probability generating function, moments and related parameters, stability and divisibility properties, stochastic representations, and limiting distributions of random sums with discrete-Pareto number of terms. We also briefly discuss issues of simulation and estimation and extensions to multivariate setting.
ICEEM07: Three-Dimensional Flow Optimization of a Pneumatic Pulsator Nozzle with a Continuous Adjoint
Authors: Wołosz Krzysztof J. , Wernik Jacek 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The article presents results of multi-criteria optimization of air nozzle topology. The optimization in the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been recently developed since equations of flow in porous media were applied among others governing equations. Optimization is a seeking for extremum of an objective function with respect to the function constraints. With this definition in mind, the optimization by using a continuous adjoint for the current cases is a finding such channel topology which minimizes for example pressure or energy loss when the constraints of objective function are in the form of flow governing equations of momentum and continuity. This methodology of optimization makes a design process faster comparing to the methods related to Design of Experiments (DoE). However, for the sake of flow governing equations nonlinearity, the continuous adjoint method can be successfully applied only in relatively simply and steady-state cases. The method consists in seeking of a global extremum of objective function. This extremum can sometimes be find in only simple and stationary events. The results of optimization of two selected cases are presented in the article and show advantages and limitations of the method applied. The continuous adjoint simulation results indicate the nozzles design directions and can be applied in industry with limited reliability. The object of research reported in the article is the nozzle which is augmented equipment used with a pneumatic pulsator. The pulsators are devices that utilize an air stream to destruct vaults created in loose material structure. The pulsator productivity equipped with a nozzle depends on outlet pressure. Therefore, the optimization problem was stated so that pressure loss is to be as low as possible.
On the embedding problem for generalized Baumslag–Solitar groups
Authors: Dudkin Fedor A. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A finitely generated group G acting on a tree so that all vertex and edge stabilizers are
infinite cyclic groups is called a generalized Baumslag–Solitar group (GBS group). Such an action is described by a labeled graph.
One GBS group can be presented by many labeled graphs. We study the embedding problem for GBS groups: to determine algorithmically when
two given labeled graphs 𝔸1 and 𝔸2 define GBS groups G
1 and G
2 such that G
1 is embeddable into G
2.
We prove that if G
1 can be presented by only a finite number of reduced labeled graphs, then the embedding problem is solvable. Moreover, we describe the algorithm in this situation.
Studies on Nylon-66 membrane using aqueous solutions of potassium and lead nitrate salts as permeants
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Ram Bali 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Measurements
on hydrodynamic and electro-osmotic permeability of water and
aqueous solutions of KNO
3
and Pb(NO
3
)
2
in the concentration (C) range
of

10

-
4

$10^{-4}$

M to

10

-
3

$10^{-3}$

M are made across the Nylon-66 membrane. The data obtained are used to ascertain the
form of transport equation using the theory of non-equilibrium
thermodynamics. Conductance of membrane equilibrated with water and aqueous solutions
are measured and the data are used to estimate
phenomenological coefficients. These phenomenological coefficients
are used to determine the average pore radius, the average number of pores and
the membrane constant. Zeta potentials are evaluated using electro-osmotic
permeability and membrane-permeant conductance data to understand the electrical
nature of the membrane-permeant interface. It is observed that
hydrodynamic permeability and electro-osmotic permeability depend linearly
on the applied pressure difference and the potential difference, respectively.
Fei Cheng Wu Rao (非诚勿扰): Staging Global China through International Format Television and Overseas Special Episodes
Authors: Morrow Katherine 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In 2010, a reality dating show called Fei Cheng Wu Rao (非诚勿扰) sparked discussions across the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and many viewers saw the show as a reflection of changes in the value systems of contemporary national society. The format that inspired the show, however, has international origins. This article considers Fei Cheng Wu Rao alongside the equally popular British version, Take Me Out, to demonstrate how Jiangsu Satellite Television has been able to adjust a global format to comply with PRC censorship and differing television dating show expectations, drawing out the opposing forms of fantasy each version of the format presents. The article then engages with overseas special episodes (海外专场) as a form of international relations that educate participants and viewers alike in how to approach foreign places and cultural difference.
Physical properties and microstructures of a BN-NiCoCrAlY laser amorphous-nanocrystal reinforced composite coating
Authors: Li Jianing , Zhang Yuanbin , Luo Hui , Gong Shuili , Huo Yushuang 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAn amorphous-nanocrystal reinforced composite coating was fabricated on a TA15 alloy by laser cladding of BN-NiCoCrAlY mixed powders. Experimental results indicated that a portion of the amorphous phases just began to crystallize when the laser molten pool had completed the solidification process. The nucleation and growth of the amorphous phases were retarded by the nanocrystalline phases to a certain extent during the crystallization process. Due to the rapid solidification process of the laser molten pool, a number of the fine precipitates were produced. The production of eutectics, such as Co-Ti and Ti-Si compounds, in such a coating greatly promoted the formation of amorphous phases.
Attempted covalent imitation of a supramolecular synthon moiety embedded in a crystalline hydrogen-bonded aggregate structure
Authors: Klien Henrik , Seichter Wilhelm , Weber Edwin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Imitative of a supramolecular synthon moiety D comprising two 3,5-bis(hydroxymethyl) substituted benzoic acid moieties (2), the covalently linked surrogate molecule 1 has been designated and synthesized. Crystal structures have been compared including also substituted and molecularly elongated derivatives of 2. They show largely common structural features in planar geometry of the building units and layer formation in the crystal packing, while the hydrogen bonded patterns within the layers differ according to the structural molecular changes. Moreover, synthon robustness of the dimer carboxylic acid motif has been confirmed.
Formation of R44(8)$R_4^4(8)$ ring in chloride salts of 8-hydroxyquinolinium derivatives: synthesis, structural, and theoretical studies
Authors: Mohammadnezhad Gholamhossein , Amini Mostafa Mohammadpour , Langer Vratislav , Adineh Maryam 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The molecular structures of chloride salts of 2- and 5-substituted derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline, Me–H2Q+·Cl– ([C10H10NO]Cl) and Cl–H2Q+·Cl– ([C9H7ClNO]+·Cl–), were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods; the latter is a new polymorph. In the crystal structures of these salts, several intra- and inter-molecular interactions result in a step-shaped centrosymmetric

R
4
4

(
8
)

$R_4^4(8)$

ring. Unlike most quinolinium salts, there was no solvent present in these structures. Protonation of the quinoline N atom had an effect on the N···O bite distances and C–N–C angle and greater conjugation of the benzene ring with a hydroxyl group was also observed. π–π Interactions between each pair of quinolinium rings were observed in Me–H2Q+·Cl– but not in Cl–H2Q+·Cl–. In addition, the quantum chemical calculations were performed on the new structures as well as similar compounds for comparison. The optimized structures were compared with the experimental observations for the effect of protonation and of hydrogen bonding interactions.
Using Fick's Second Law and Nernst–Planck Approach in Prediction of Chloride Ingress in Concrete Materials
Authors: Bu Yiwen , Luo Daming , Weiss Jason 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The service life of many concrete structures depends upon their resistance to chloride ingress. Service life models estimate the time required for chloride ions to reach the reinforcing steel, to build up a critical concentration, and to initiate corrosion. Fick’s second law and the Nernst–Planck equation are two of the more popular methods that are used to estimate chloride ingress. While chloride ions are usually the primary consideration, in general they are not present by themselves. The co-present cations and anions can influence the rate of chloride ingress. This paper discusses how the apparent chloride diffusion coefficient, based on Fick’s second law, is dependent on the chemical composition and concentration of the ponding solutions. This study examines the influence of the chemical composition and concentration of solutions on the chloride binding capacity, on the consequential microstructural changes as determined with scanning electron microscopy using energy dispersive X-ray spectra (SEM-EDS), on the surface charges of the pore walls, and on the overall chloride ingress of the concrete materials. Chloride ingress predictions based on the Nernst–Planck equation were also compared with the experimental chloride profiles. The Nernst–Planck approach provided good predictions at low salt concentrations (less than 1.0 mol/L NaCl) using a single porosity, tortuosity, and binding approach. At higher concentrations, the binding and change of microstructure was under-predicted, and thus the chloride ingress was over-estimated.
Frequency Variable Surface Compaction of Sand Using Rotating Mass Oscillators
Authors: Wersäll Carl , Larsson Stefan , Rydén Nils , Nordfelt Ingmar 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The influence of vibration frequency was studied in 110 small-scale compaction tests conducted using a vertically oscillating plate. The underlying soil was dry sand, or sand close to the optimum water content. The results showed that there is a resonant amplification, providing a slightly higher degree of compaction. Frequency has a major influence on soil compaction. An iterative method for calculating the dynamic response of the plate, incorporating strain-dependent properties of the soil, is also presented. The calculated frequency response agrees fairly well with measured quantities.
Comparison of Two Histological Test Methods for the Measurement of Thermal Spread Associated With Energized Vessel Sealing
Authors: Roweton Susan , Johnson Beth , Kurtenbach Julie , Young G. David , Dunne J. Bruce 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Development of safe and effective radio frequency (RF) vessel sealing devices requires the complete characterization of thermal damage that can occur adjacent to areas of energy application. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is an efficacious and extensively used histological test method for assessing this lateral thermal damage through characterization of changes in cell and tissue morphology. The purpose of this investigation was to compare thermal spread measurements obtained using H&E staining to measurements made using picrosirius red (PSR) staining, an alternative histological test method that exploits the birefringence of healthy vascular collagen to facilitate the identification of thermal damage associated with use of vessel sealing devices. A 5 mm RF vessel sealing device was used to seal arteries in vivo in various porcine tissues. Subsequently, sealed vessel segments were excised and histologically processed. Paired histological sections were mounted on slides; one section was stained with PSR and one section was stained with H&E. A blinded board-certified veterinary pathologist completed thermal spread measurements on all PSR- and H&E-stained sections. Bland–Altman comparison plots were then used to estimate any bias between the two measurement methods, as well as quantify the range of differences between PSR and H&E thermal spread measurements. The magnitude of the mean difference between measurements was determined to be less than 0.10 mm and, with 90 % confidence, 95 % of the differences between measurements were within 1.0 mm. These results indicate that PSR-staining is an appropriate alternative to H&E-staining for the measurement of lateral thermal spread associated with an RF vessel sealing device.
Metacognitive Mechanisms Underlying Lucid Dreaming
Authors: Filevich Elisa , Dresler Martin , Brick Timothy R. , Kühn Simone 
Published: January 2015

Lucid dreaming is a state of awareness that one is dreaming, without leaving the sleep state. Dream reports show that self-reflection and volitional control are more pronounced in lucid compared with nonlucid dreams. Mostly on these grounds, lucid dreaming has been associated with metacognition. However, the link to lucid dreaming at the neural level has not yet been explored. We sought for relationships between the neural correlates of lucid dreaming and thought monitoring.Human participants completed a questionnaire assessing lucid dreaming ability, and underwent structural and functional MRI. We split participants based on their reported dream lucidity. Participants in the high-lucidity group showed greater gray matter volume in the frontopolar cortex (BA9/10) compared with those in the low-lucidity group. Further, differences in brain structure were mirrored by differences in brain function. The BA9/10 regions identified through structural analyses showed increases in blood oxygen level-dependent signal during thought monitoring in both groups, and more strongly in the high-lucidity group.Our results reveal shared neural systems between lucid dreaming and metacognitive function, in particular in the domain of thought monitoring. This finding contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms enabling higher-order consciousness in dreams.
A Genome-Wide Association Study for Nutritional Indices in Drosophila
Authors: Unckless Robert L , Rottschaefer Susan M , Lazzaro Brian P 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Individuals are genetically variable for the way in which they process nutrients and in the effects of dietary content on reproductive success, immunity, and development. Here, we surveyed genetic variation for nutrient stores (glucose, glycogen, glycerol, protein, triglycerides, and wet weight) in the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) after rearing the flies on either a low-glucose or high-glucose diet. We found significant genetic variation for these nutritional phenotypes and identified candidate genes that underlie that variation using genome-wide associations. In addition, we found several significant correlations between the nutritional phenotypes measured in this study and other previously published phenotypes, such as starvation stress resistance, oxidative stress sensitivity, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which reinforce the notion that these lines can be used to robustly measure related phenotypes across distinct laboratories.
Association of goal orientation with work engagement and burnout in emergency nurses
Authors: Adriaenssens Jef , Gucht Veronique De , Maes Stan 
Published: January 2015

Association of goal orientation with work engagement and burnout in emergency nurses: Jef Adriaenssens, et al. Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Health Psychology Unit, The NetherlandsObjectiveGoal orientation is a mindset towards the achievement of work‐related goals, and it has been found to be related to occupational well‐being. This study explored to what extent the 4‐dimensional model of goal orientation adds additional variance to the explanation of burnout and work engagement in emergency nurses, after controlling for demographics, job characteristics and organizational variables.MethodsSelf‐report questionnaires including the Leiden Quality of Work Questionnaire for Nurses, Goal Orientation Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale were completed by 170 out of 274 emergency nurses from 13 secondary Belgian hospitals (response rate 62%). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted.ResultsGoal orientation explained 14 and 13% of the variance in burnout and work engagement respectively. Job control was predictive of both outcomes. Job demands was a predictor of burnout, and social support predicted work engagement. Reward was related to work engagement. The mastery‐approach goal orientation was strongly related to an increase in work engagement and to a decrease in burnout. The performance‐avoidance goal orientation was strongly related to a decrease in work engagement and to an increase in burnout. The performance‐approach and mastery‐avoidance goal orientations were not predictive for the two outcome variables.ConclusionsGoal orientation explains additional variance in burnout and work engagement over and above work characteristics and organizational variables. A mastery‐approach goal orientation appears to be beneficial while a performance‐avoidance goal orientation is not. Hospital management should therefore invest in personal involvement and growth of ER‐nurses and in a rewarding organizational culture.
Gramicidin A: A New Mission for an Old Antibiotic
Authors: David Justin M. , Rajasekaran Ayyappan K. 
Published: January 2015

Gramicidin A (GA) is a channel-forming ionophore that renders biological membranes permeable to specific cations which disrupts cellular ionic homeostasis. It is a well-known antibiotic, however it’s potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer has not been widely evaluated. In two recently published studies, we showed that GA treatment is toxic to cell lines and tumor xenografts derived from renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a devastating disease that is highly resistant to conventional therapy. GA was found to possess the qualities of both a cytotoxic drug and a targeted angiogenesis inhibitor, and this combination significantly compromised RCC growth in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we summarize our recent research on GA, discuss the possible mechanisms whereby it exerts its anti-tumor effects, and share our perspectives on the future opportunities and challenges to the use of GA as a new anticancer agent.
Quantifying ecosystem quality by modeling multi‐attribute expert opinion
Authors: Sinclair Steve J. , Griffioen Peter , Duncan David H. , Millett-Riley Jessica E. , White Matthew D. 
Published: January 2015

The evaluation of ecosystem quality is inherently subjective, requiring decisions about which variables to notice or measure, and how these variables are integrated into a coherent evaluation. Despite the central role of human judgment, few evaluation methods address the subjectivity that is inherent in their design. There are, however, advantages to directly using opinion to create an expert system where the metric is constructed around opinion data. These advantages include stakeholder inclusion and the encouragement of a dialogue of data‐driven criticism rather than subjective counter‐opinion.We create an expert system to express the quality of a grassland ecosystem in Australia. We use an ensemble of bagged regression trees trained on calibrated expert preference data, to model the perceived quality of this grassland using a set of eight site variables as inputs. The model provides useful predictions of grassland quality, producing predictions similar to real expert evaluations of independent synthetic test sites not used to train the model. We apply the model to real grassland sites ranging from pristine to highly degraded, and confirm that our model orders the sites according to their degree of modification. We demonstrate that the use of too few experts produces relatively poor results, and show that for our problem the use of data from over twenty experts is appropriate. The scaling approach we used to calibrate between‐expert data is shown to be an appropriate mechanism for aggregating the opinions of multiple experts.The resultant model will be useful in many contexts, and can be used by managers as a tool to evaluate real sites. It can also be integrated into ecological models of change as a means of evaluating predicted changes, for example, as a measure of utility when combined with cost estimates. The basic approach demonstrated here is applicable to any ecosystem, and we discuss the opportunities and limitations of its wider use.