bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-year characterization of confiscated vaping products from Virginia school youth
Authors: Holt Alaina K , Buckmire Meredith G , Moss Kelsey S , Meekins Jessemia , Outhous Ashleigh E , Reveil Laerissa , Goden Akira B , Hoetger Cosima , Eversole Alisha , Poklis Justin L , Soule Eric K , Cobb Caroline O , Peace Michelle R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The US Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) regulatory oversight over electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) includes access restriction for persons &lt;21 years of age and flavor restrictions for “cartridge-based” products. Despite the restrictions, consumption by US youth perseveres. Studies on youth e-cig use are limited by the reliability and accuracy of self-reports. As an alternative to self-reports, the current study examined nicotine, cannabinoid, and unlabeled e-cigs and other vaping products confiscated from Virginia public schools to characterize trends among students. Findings highlight a shift from JUUL and pod-based products to single use disposable e-cigs following the FDA flavor restrictions on cartridge-based e-cigs. Chemical analysis of e-liquids by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry identified a wide variety of flavorants and an increase in the prevalence of synthetic coolants. Most confiscated products were nicotine salt formulations, but the prevalence of cannabinoid-based vaping products increased. The popularity of flavored disposable e-cigs highlights the need for further restrictions to reduce youth consumption. The increasing use of synthetic coolants instead of menthol may suggest that manufacturers are employing tactics to bypass regulations. Continued youth access to e-cigs and the abundance of cannabinoid-based products is problematic from health and safety perspectives. Continued research incorporating confiscated product analysis can be used to understand youth access to vaping products and evolutions in manufacturing practices.
Ecological niche modeling of the Leopardus tigrinus complex sheds light on its elusive evolutionary history
Authors: Bonilla-Sánchez Alejandra , Sartor Caroline Charão , Fox-Rosales Lester Alexander , Feijó Anderson , Ramírez-Fernández José D , Brenes-Mora Esteban , Mooring Michael S , Blankenship Steven R , Sánchez-Lalinde Catalina , Nascimento Fabio Oliveira do , Zug Rebecca , Oliveira Marcelo Juliano , Dantas Marinho Paulo Henrique , Braga Ferreira Guilherme , Solari Sergio , de Oliveira Tadeu Gomes , Eizirik Eduardo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The evolutionary history and taxonomy of the Leopardus tigrinus species complex have been studied based on several approaches, mostly employing genetic and morphological data, leading to distinct classification schemes. We approached this problem from an ecological perspective, with 2 main goals: (i) to evaluate ecological niche differences among regional L. tigrinus populations to determine the extent of ecological divergence among them; and (ii) to identify environmental barriers to historical dispersal that could have driven differentiation among the proposed groups. We modeled the ecological niche of all taxonomic/geographic groups proposed so far to comprise the L. tigrinus complex using the Maximum Entropy algorithm, and evaluated geographic and ecological niche differences among them. Furthermore, we investigated possible environmental barriers to historical dispersal that could have driven differentiation among regional groups. We evaluated 4 hypothetical barriers across 3 time periods to assess their potential historical effect. We found high ecological divergence between northeastern tigrina populations and the northern Andean and Central American tigrinas. Other groups within the L. tigrinus complex are less divergent. In addition, the Guiana Shield tigrina, where the type locality of the species is located, seems to be ecologically similar to populations from northeastern Brazil while also showing some overlap with Andean populations. The Panama center, the Llanos of Colombia and Venezuela, and the Amazon region were identified as historical barriers for tigrina dispersal across all time periods. The inferred historical barriers and ecological divergence observed in this study contribute to the inference of evolutionary differentiation among geographic groups comprising the L. tigrinus complex, revealing areas of consistently low habitat suitability that have likely contributed to divergence among regional populations.
Scaled Paired Comparisons as an Alternative to Ratings and Rankings for Measuring Values
Authors: Plutzer Eric , Berkman Michael B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces and assesses a method for estimating individual and group relative preferences of values. The method of scaled paired comparisons is introduced in the context of prior research on rating methods struggles to avoid nondifferentiation when rating sets of popular objects that constitute a value system. The method of scaled paired comparisons is introduced, along with a planned missing procedure that allows the method to be applied to large number of values. Using data from a survey experiment, the paper compares scaled paired comparisons with rating scales modeled on those used in the European Social Survey. This exploratory study finds that scaled paired comparisons require more time to complete but provide measures with greater reliability and higher construct validity than rating questions using identical question stems. While the particular example in this paper concerns liberal democracy, the method’s foundations lie in the study of terminal and instrumental values, and the method has the potential to improve measurement of those value systems and others such as post-materialism, child rearing, and more. More generally, it may be an attractive substitute for rating scales whenever the objects being rated are sufficiently popular (or unpopular) as to induce nondifferentiation and valid straightlining.
Leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase BM41 regulates cuticular wax deposition in sorghum
Authors: Tian Ran , Nájera-González Héctor-Rogelio , Nigam Deepti , Khan Adil , Chen Junping , Xin Zhanguo , Herrera-Estrella Luis , Jiao Yinping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cuticular wax (CW) is the first defensive barrier of plants that forms a waterproof barrier, protects the plant from desiccation, and defends against insects, pathogens, and UV radiation. Sorghum, an important grass crop with high heat and drought tolerance, exhibits a much higher wax load than other grasses and the model plant Arabidopsis. In this study, we explored the regulation of sorghum CW biosynthesis using a bloomless mutant. The CW on leaf sheaths of the bloomless 41 (bm41) mutant showed significantly reduced very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), triterpenoids, alcohols, and other wax components, with an overall 86% decrease in total wax content compared with the wild type. Notably, the 28-carbon and 30-carbon VLCFAs were decreased in the mutants. Using bulk segregant analysis, we identified the causal gene of the bloomless phenotype as a leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein kinase. Transcriptome analysis of the wild-type and bm41 mutant leaf sheaths revealed BM41 as a positive regulator of lipid biosynthesis and steroid metabolism. BM41 may regulate CW biosynthesis by regulating the expression of the gene encoding 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6. Identification of BM41 as a new regulator of CW biosynthesis provides fundamental knowledge for improving grass crops’ heat and drought tolerance by increasing CW.
Monitoring nucleolar-nucleoplasmic protein shuttling in living cells by high-content microscopy and automated image analysis
Authors: Engbrecht Marina , Grundei David , Dilger Asisa M , Wiedemann Hannah , Aust Ann-Kristin , Baumgärtner Sarah , Helfrich Stefan , Kergl-Räpple Felix , Bürkle Alexander , Mangerich Aswin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The nucleolus has core functions in ribosome biosynthesis, but also acts as a regulatory hub in a plethora of non-canonical processes, including cellular stress. Upon DNA damage, several DNA repair factors shuttle between the nucleolus and the nucleoplasm. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying such spatio-temporal protein dynamics remain to be deciphered. Here, we present a novel imaging platform to investigate nucleolar-nucleoplasmic protein shuttling in living cells. For image acquisition, we used a commercially available automated fluorescence microscope and for image analysis, we developed a KNIME workflow with implementation of machine learning-based tools. We validated the method with different nucleolar proteins, i.e., PARP1, TARG1 and APE1, by monitoring their shuttling dynamics upon oxidative stress. As a paradigm, we analyzed PARP1 shuttling upon H2O2 treatment in combination with a range of pharmacological inhibitors in a novel reporter cell line. These experiments revealed that inhibition of SIRT7 results in a loss of nucleolar PARP1 localization. Finally, we unraveled specific differences in PARP1 shuttling dynamics after co-treatment with H2O2 and different clinical PARP inhibitors. Collectively, this work delineates a highly sensitive and versatile bioimaging platform to investigate swift nucleolar-nucleoplasmic protein shuttling in living cells, which can be employed for pharmacological screening and in-depth mechanistic analyses.
Assembly of the bacterial ribosome with circularly permuted rRNA
Authors: Dong Xiyu , Sheng Kai , Gebert Luca F R , Aiyer Sriram , MacRae Ian J , Lyumkis Dmitry , Williamson James R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Co-transcriptional assembly is an integral feature of the formation of RNA–protein complexes that mediate translation. For ribosome synthesis, prior studies have indicated that the strict order of transcription of rRNA domains may not be obligatory during bacterial ribosome biogenesis, since a series of circularly permuted rRNAs are viable. In this work, we report the structural insights into assembly of the bacterial ribosome large subunit (LSU) based on cryo-EM density maps of intermediates that accumulate during in vitro ribosome synthesis using a set of circularly permuted (CiPer) rRNAs. The observed ensemble of 23 resolved ribosome large subunit intermediates reveals conserved assembly routes with an underlying hierarchy among cooperative assembly blocks. There are intricate interdependencies for the formation of key structural rRNA helices revealed from the circular permutation of rRNA. While the order of domain synthesis is not obligatory, the order of domain association does appear to proceed with a particular order, likely due to the strong evolutionary pressure on efficient ribosome synthesis. This work reinforces the robustness of the known assembly hierarchy of the bacterial large ribosomal subunit and offers a coherent view of how efficient assembly of CiPer rRNAs can be understood in that context.
ADBP-1 regulates ADR-2 nuclear localization to control editing substrate selection
Authors: Eliad Berta , Schneider Noa , Ben-Naim Zgayer Orna , Amichan Yarden , Glaser Fabian , Erdmann Emily A , Rajendren Suba , Hundley Heather A , Lamm Ayelet T 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, is a prevalent and conserved RNA modification. While A-to-I RNA editing is essential in mammals, in Caenorhabditis elegans, it is not, making them invaluable for RNA editing research. In C. elegans, ADR-2 is the sole catalytic A-to-I editing enzyme, and ADR-1 is an RNA editing regulator. ADAR localization is well-studied in humans but not well-established in C. elegans. In this study, we examine the cellular and tissue-specific localization of ADR-2. We show that while ADR-2 is present in most cells in the embryo, at later developmental stages, its expression is both tissue- and cell-type-specific. Additionally, both ADARs are mainly in the nucleus. ADR-2 is adjacent to the chromosomes during the cell cycle. We show that the nuclear localization of endogenous ADR-2 depends on ADBP-1, not ADR-1. In adbp-1 mutant worms, ADR-2 is mislocalized, while ADR-1 is not, leading to decreased editing levels and de-novo editing, mostly in exons, suggesting that ADR-2 is also functional in the cytoplasm. Besides, mutated ADBP-1 affects gene expression. Furthermore, we show that ADR-2 targets adenosines with different surrounding nucleotides in exons and introns. Our findings indicate that ADR-2 cellular localization is highly regulated and affects its function.
Targeting DNA junction sites by bis-intercalators induces topological changes with potent antitumor effects
Authors: Huang Shih-Chun , Chen Chia-Wei , Satange Roshan , Hsieh Chang-Chih , Chang Chih-Chun , Wang Shun-Ching , Peng Chi-Li , Chen Tai-Lin , Chiang Ming-Hsi , Horng Yih-Chern , Hou Ming-Hon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Targeting inter-duplex junctions in catenated DNA with bidirectional bis-intercalators is a potential strategy for enhancing anticancer effects. In this study, we used d(CGTATACG)2, which forms a tetraplex base-pair junction that resembles the DNA–DNA contact structure, as a model target for two alkyl-linked diaminoacridine bis-intercalators, DA4 and DA5. Cross-linking of the junction site by the bis-intercalators induced substantial structural changes in the DNA, transforming it from a B-form helical end-to-end junction to an over-wounded side-by-side inter-duplex conformation with A-DNA characteristics and curvature. These structural perturbations facilitated the angled intercalation of DA4 and DA5 with propeller geometry into two adjacent duplexes. The addition of a single carbon to the DA5 linker caused a bend that aligned its chromophores with CpG sites, enabling continuous stacking and specific water-mediated interactions at the inter-duplex contacts. Furthermore, we have shown that the different topological changes induced by DA4 and DA5 lead to the inhibition of topoisomerase 2 activities, which may account for their antitumor effects. Thus, this study lays the foundations for bis-intercalators targeting biologically relevant DNA-DNA contact structures for anticancer drug development.
Flavonoid Supplementation Is Beneficial for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Yiting , Hu Weihuan , Zhu Hanyue , Liu Chang , Qu Fan , Zhou Jue 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal imbalance that predominantly affects women in their reproductive years. Previous studies have yielded conflicting conclusions.

Objective
This is an updated meta-analysis aiming to explore the connection between flavonoid supplementation and PCOS.

Data Sources
Seven databases were searched: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, spanning from their inception to April 15, 2024.

Data Extraction
Two authors independently searched the databases using the search terms.

Data Analysis
Following strict inclusion criteria, 8 papers were ultimately included. This updated meta-analysis suggests that flavonoid supplementation could enhance follicular development, promote the proliferation and differentiation of follicular granulosa cells, elevate estradiol levels, and mitigate testosterone, C-reactive protein, and ovarian index levels.

Conclusion
This analysis suggests that dietary flavonoids could potentially alleviate symptoms associated with PCOS.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022382912.
Liquor Rations and Labour Management in the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic World
Authors: Florio Christopher M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A striking yet underexamined system of labour management circulated between land and sea in the nineteenth-century Atlantic world: the use of liquor rations to stimulate worker productivity. Turning to the British naval warship and the American slave plantation, this article depicts how labour supervisors in both settings relied on carefully regulated quantities of alcohol to extract more labour from their workforces. Even as Anglo-American temperance activists called for sobering up the working classes, many naval commanders and slaveholders held firm to the belief that managed intemperance was an essential tool for mobilizing workers. The study of liquor rations and the arguments endorsing their distribution helps to reveal how a spectrum of coercive labour practices swept through the Atlantic world amid the emergence of an industrial capitalist order. Zooming in on the history of these rations enables us to discern labour extraction strategies that operated between the poles of violent coercion and market-based exploitation, and that animated vital sectors of the Atlantic economy during the nineteenth century.
A Racial Model of Electoral Reform: The Relationship between Restrictive Voting Policies and Voter Confidence for Black and White Voters
Authors: Coll Joseph A , Clark Christopher J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In Crawford v. Marion County (2008), the Supreme Court ruled that voter identification requirements are lawful on the grounds that, even if they do not prevent fraud, they can instill confidence in voting. However, this reasoning ignores the historical and contemporary racial biases in the enactment and administration of restrictive voting policies in the United States. This legacy likely colors the extent to which Black and white voters see reforms as deterring fraud versus increasing suppression, and as such, how confident they are in election outcomes. We examine how increasing voter restrictions affects voter fraud beliefs and voter confidence among Black and white voters. We find that the enactment of restrictive policies decreases fraud beliefs among white voters but has no effect on fraud beliefs for Black voters; however, Black voters are less confident in elections when conducted with more restrictive policies while white voters are not. Finally, we find suggestive evidence that the racial gap in the effects of restrictive voting policies on voter confidence is partially undergirded by racial elite signaling.
Valuing Financial Data
Authors: Farboodi Maryam , Singal Dhruv , Veldkamp Laura , Venkateswaran Venky 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
How should an investor value financial data? The answer is complicated because it depends on the characteristics of all investors. We develop a sufficient statistics approach that uses equilibrium asset return moments to summarize all relevant information about others’ characteristics. Our approach values public or private data, data about one or many assets, and data relevant for dividends or sentiment. While different data types, of course, have different valuations, heterogeneous investors also value the same data very differently. This finding suggests a low price elasticity for data demand. Heterogeneous investors’ data valuations are also affected very differentially by market illiquidity.
Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale Revision 4: A Systematic Review of Measurement Properties
Authors: Zúñiga Le-Bert Milena , Wiessner Max , Wehr Sophia , Weigel Lucia , Leucht Stefan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that has a significant impact on quality of life (QOL). Measuring QOL can offer insights into treatment efficacy and areas of intervention, highlighting the importance of valid tools assessing QOL in people with schizophrenia.

Study Design
We employed the COSMIN systematic review guideline to assess the psychometric properties of the schizophrenia quality of life scale (SQLS) and its 4th revision, the schizophrenia quality of life scale revision 4 (SQLS-R4), as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Study Results
The search yielded 455 papers, 16 were included, 7 for the SQLS and 9 for the SQLS-R4. Both scales demonstrated good results in risk of bias assessment for internal consistency and convergent validity, the SQLS-R4 additionally for known-groups validity. For the SQLS, PROM development, structural validity, and reliability were suboptimal. The SQLS-R4 showed suboptimality regarding structural validity and reliability and inadequacy for cross-cultural validity and responsiveness. The updated criteria for good measurement properties indicated good convergent validity for the SQLS and good internal consistency, reliability, and convergent validity for the SQLS-R4. The SQLS showed suboptimal results for reliability and known-groups validity, while the SQLS-R4 demonstrated suboptimality in structural validity and known-groups validity. The SQLS had indeterminate structural validity and internal consistency; the SQLS-R4 showed indeterminate responsiveness, and insufficient cross-cultural validity. When using the updated GRADE approach of the COSMIN group, both scales received a very low grade.

Conclusions
The SQLS and SQLS-R4 hold the potential for recommendation in rating QOL. Identified weaknesses necessitate further validations.
Biogeographic History of Pigeons and Doves Drives the Origin and Diversification of Their Parasitic Body Lice
Authors: Sweet Andrew D , Doña Jorge , Johnson Kevin P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Despite their extensive diversity and ecological importance, the history of diversification for most groups of parasitic organisms remains relatively understudied. Elucidating broad macroevolutionary patterns of parasites is challenging, often limited by the availability of samples, genetic resources, and knowledge about ecological relationships with their hosts. In this study, we explore the macroevolutionary history of parasites by focusing on parasitic body lice from doves. Building on extensive knowledge of ecological relationships and previous phylogenomic studies of their avian hosts, we tested specific questions about the evolutionary origins of the body lice of doves, leveraging whole genome data sets for phylogenomics. Specifically, we sequenced whole genomes from 68 samples of dove body lice, including representatives of all body louse genera from 51 host taxa. From these data, we assembled &gt; 2300 nuclear genes to estimate dated phylogenetic relationships among body lice and several outgroup taxa. The resulting phylogeny of body lice was well supported, although some branches had conflicting signals across the genome. We then reconstructed ancestral biogeographic ranges of body lice and compared the body louse phylogeny to the phylogeny of doves, and also to a previously published phylogeny of the wing lice of doves. Divergence estimates placed the origin of body lice in the late Oligocene. Body lice likely originated in Australasia and dispersed with their hosts during the early Miocene, with subsequent codivergence and host switching throughout the world. Notably, this evolutionary history is very similar to that of dove wing lice, despite the stronger dispersal capabilities of wing lice compared to body lice. Our results highlight the central role of the biogeographic history of host organisms in driving the evolutionary history of their parasites across time and geographic space.