bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compounding effects of human activities and climatic changes on the river water temperature evolution mechanism for ecological effects
Authors: He Ning , Guo Wenxian , Jiao Xuyang , Wang Hongxiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the drivers and ecological effects of river water temperature (Tw) change remains a complex and challenging task in the field of ecohydrology. We developed the extreme‐point symmetric mode decomposition to quantitatively identify the trend, period and mutation of water temperature (Tw). The sparrow search algorithm‐long short‐term memory model was constructed to reconstruct the historical Tw to quantitatively identify the effects of human activities (HA) and climate change (CC) at different time scales. The random forest method was used to analyse the contribution rates of different meteorological factors and to clarify the main factors. Our results demonstrate that the Tw had a cooling trend in the 1980s, and the other decades have a warming trend, and the annual Tw distribution shows an obvious ‘unimodal’ distribution. The interannual Tw has a short period of 2–3a, 6–12a and a long period of 10–15a. At the interannual scale, as the distance from estuaries decreases, the influence of HA gradually diminishes, and only the great Tw is governed by CC. Contributions from HA and CC to Tw vary at the seasonal and monthly scales due to geographical differences. In Cuntan, the contribution of HA to Tw is greater than that of climatic factors. The contribution rates of climatic and HA in the three regions of Yichang, Hankou and Datong also exhibit their respective characteristics and fluctuation patterns. The maximum temperature is the most important factor affecting the change of Tw. Abnormal Tw changes result in delayed spawning and characteristic reproduction Tw attainment dates for the Four Major Chinese Carps and Acipenser sinensis.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Process to [1,2,3]Triazolo [1,5‐c]quinazolines
Authors: Li Jianxin , Zhang Shuitao , Xiao Tiebo , Yang Baomin , Jiang Yubo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn efficient palladium‐catalyzed three‐component reaction for the synthesis of tricyclic fused 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives from amino‐NH‐1,2,3‐triazoles, isocyanide and iodoarenes has been developed, involving three new bonds formation by one manipulation in moderate to good yields with excellent functional group tolerance. Moreover, it is also suitable for other N‐heterocyclic substrates including pyrazole, imidazole, indole, tetrazole and its derivatives.
Carbon Structure Regulation Strategy for the Electrode of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
Authors: Cheng Tukang , Qi Shaotian , Jiang Yingqiao , Wang Ling , Zhu Qingjun , Zhu Jing , Dai Lei , He Zhangxing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is a type of energy storage device known for its large‐scale capacity, long‐term durability, and high‐level safety. It serves as an effective solution to address the instability and intermittency of renewable energy sources. Carbon‐based materials are widely used as VRFB electrodes due to cost‐effectiveness and well‐stability. However, pristine electrodes need proper modification to overcome original poor hydrophilicity and fewer reaction active sites. Adjusting the carbon structure is recognized as a viable method to boost the electrochemical activity of electrodes. This review delves into the advancements in research related to ordered and disordered carbon structure electrodes including the adjusting methods, structural characteristics, and catalytic properties. Ordered carbon structures are categorized into nanoscale and macroscale orderliness based on size, leading to improved conductivity and overall performance of the electrode. Disordered carbon structures encompass methods such as doping atoms, grafting functional groups, and creating engineered holes to enhance active sites and hydrophilicity. Based on the current research findings on carbon electrode structures, this work puts forth some promising prospects for future feasibility.
Engineered Lipids for Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging in Steatotic Hepatocytes
Authors: Westensee Isabella N. , de Dios Andres Paula , Brodszkij Edit , Descours Pierre‐Louis , Perez‐Rodriguez Diego , Spinazzola Antonella , Mookerjee Rajeshwar Prosad , Städler Brigitte 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in steatotic cells pose a problem due to their potential to cause oxidative stress and cellular damage. Delivering engineered phospholipids to intracellular lipid droplets in steatotic hepatic cells, using the cell's inherent intracellular lipid transport mechanisms are investigated. Initially, it is shown that tail‐labeled fluorescent lipids assembled into liposomes are able to be transported to intracellular lipid droplets in steatotic HepG2 cells and HHL‐5 cells. Further, an antioxidant, an EUK salen–manganese derivative, which has superoxide dismutase‐like and catalase‐like activity, is covalently conjugated to the tail of a phospholipid and formulated as liposomes for administration. Steatotic HepG2 cells and HHL‐5 cells incubated with these antioxidant liposomes have lower intracellular ROS levels compared to untreated controls and non‐covalently formulated antioxidants. This first proof‐of‐concept study illustrates an alternative strategy to equip native organelles in mammalian cells with engineered enzyme activity.
Reduction of Oxidative Stress and Excitotoxicity by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biomimetic Co‐Delivery System for Cerebral Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury Treatment
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Shengnan , Chen Hua , Yin Jiaqing , Chen Yuqin , Liu Linfeng , He Weichong , Min Zhiyi , Gong Yue , Xu Jiangna , Song Kefan , Lv Wei , Xin Hongliang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury is ensued by an intricate interplay between various pathological processes including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. For a long time, drug intervention policies targeting a single signaling pathway have failed to achieve the anticipated clinical efficacy in the intricate and dynamic inflammatory environment of the brain. Moreover, inadequate targeted drug delivery remains a significant challenge in cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury therapy. In this study, a multifunctional nanoplatform (designated as PB‐006@MSC) is developed using ZL006‐loaded Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) camouflaged by a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) membrane (MSCm). ZL006 is a neuroprotectant. It can be loaded efficiently into the free radical scavenger PBNP through mesoporous adsorption. This can simultaneously modulate multiple targets and pathways. MSCm biomimetics can reduce the nanoparticle immunogenicity, efficiently enhance their homing capability to the cerebral ischemic penumbra, and realize active‐targeting therapy for ischemic stroke. In animal experiments, PB‐006@MSC integrated reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and neuroprotection. Thereby, it selectively targeted the cerebral ischemic penumbra (about fourfold higher accumulation at 24 h than in the non‐targeted group), demonstrated a remarkable therapeutic efficacy in reducing the volume of cerebral infarction (from 37.1% to 2.3%), protected the neurogenic functions, and ameliorated the mortality.
Creation of Grooved Tissue Engineering Scaffolds from Architectured Multilayer Polymer Composites by a Tuneable One‐Step Degradation Process
Authors: Vellayappan Muthu Vignesh , Duarte Francisco , Sollogoub Cyrille , Dirrenberger Justin , Guinault Alain , Frith Jessica E. , Parkington Helena C. , Molotnikov Andrey , Cameron Neil R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe surface properties of biomaterials interact directly with biological systems, influencing cellular responses, tissue integration, and biocompatibility. Surface topography plays a critical role in cardiac tissue engineering by affecting electrical conductivity, cardiomyocyte alignment, and contractile function. Current methods for controlling surface properties and topography in cardiac tissue engineering scaffolds are limited, expensive, and lack precision. This study introduces a low‐cost, one‐step degradation process to create scaffolds with well‐defined micro‐grooves from multilayered 3D printed poly(lactic acid)/thermoplastic polyurethane composites. The approach provides control over erosion rate and surface morphology, allowing easy tuning of scaffold topographical cues for tissue engineering applications. The findings reported in this study provide a library of easily tuneable scaffold topographical cues. A strong dependence of neonatal rat cardiomyocyte (NRCM) contact guidance with the multilayers' dimension and shape in partially degraded polylactic acid (PLA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) samples is observed. NRCMs cultured on samples with a layer thickness of 13 ± 2 µm and depth of 4.7 ± 0.2 µm demonstrate the most regular contractions. Hence, the proposed fabrication scheme can be used to produce a new generation of biomaterials with excellent controllability determined by multilayer thickness, printing parameters, and degradation treatment duration.
Microfluidic Continuous Synthesis of Size‐ and Facet‐Controlled Porous Bi2O3 Nanospheres for Efficient CO2 to Formate Catalysis
Authors: Han Zhenze , Chang Yuan , Gao Jiaxuan , Liu Taolue , Li Jialuo , Liu Jinxuan , Liu Jiaxu , Gao Yan , Gao Junfeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBismuth‐based catalysts are effective in converting carbon dioxide into formate via electrocatalysis. Precise control of the morphology, size, and facets of bismuth‐based catalysts is crucial for achieving high selectivity and activity. In this work, an efficient, large‐scale continuous production strategy is developed for achieving a porous nanospheres Bi2O3‐FDCA material. First‐principles simulations conducted in advance indicate that the Bi2O3 (111)/(200) facets help reduce the overpotential for formate production in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (ECO2RR). Subsequently, using microfluidic technology and molecular control to precisely adjust the amount of 2, 5‐furandicarboxylic acid, nanomaterials rich in (111)/(200) facets are successfully synthesized. Additionally, the morphology of the porous nanospheres significantly increases the adsorption capacity and active sites for carbon dioxide. These synergistic effects allow the porous Bi2O3‐FDCA nanospheres to stably operate for 90 h in a flow cell at a current density of ≈250 mA cm−2, with an average Faradaic efficiency for formate exceeding 90%. The approach of theoretically guided microfluidic technology for the large‐scale synthesis of finely structured, efficient bismuth‐based materials for ECO2RR may provide valuable references for the chemical engineering of intelligent nanocatalysts.
Compressively Strained Fe3O4 in Core—Shell Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst Boosts Zinc—Air Battery Performance
Authors: Wu Haihua , Li Yudan , Li Haobo , Wu Feng , Li Lihong , Xu Xin , Gao Yunfang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFe3O4 is barely taken into account as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), an important reaction for metal—air batteries and fuel cells, due to its sluggish catalytic kinetics and poor electron conductivity. Herein, how strain engineering can be employed to regulate the local electronic structure of Fe3O4 for high ORR activity is reported. Compressively strained Fe3O4 shells with 2.0% shortened Fe─O bond are gained on the Fe/Fe4N cores as a result of lattice mismatch at the interface. A downshift of the d‐band center occurs for compressed Fe3O4, leading to weakened chemisorption energy of oxygenated intermediates, and lower reaction overpotential. The compressed Fe3O4 exhibits greatly enhanced electrocatalytic ORR activity with a kinetic current density of 27 times higher than that of pristine one at 0.80 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), as well as potential application in zinc‐air batteries. The findings provide a new strategy for tuning electronic structures and improving the catalytic activity of other metal catalysts.
An Impressive Open‐Circuit Voltage of 1.223 V and High Humidity Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with MgO Buffer Layer Deposited by Low‐Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Guli Mina , Zhang Yujing , Li Ran , He Wenkai , Lan Cheng , Zhou Yancheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe performance of perovskite solar cells has been continuously improving. However, humidity stability has become a key problem that hinders its promotion in the process of commercialization. A buffer layer deposited by atomic layer deposition is a very helpful method to solve this problem. In this work, MgO film is deposited between Spiro‐OMeTAD and electrode by low‐temperature atomic layer deposition at 80 °C, which resists the erosion of water vapor, inhibits the migration of electrode metal ions and the decomposition products of perovskite, then finally improves the stability of the device. At the same time, the MgO buffer layer can passivate the defects of porous Spiro, thus enhancing carrier transport efficiency and device performance. The Cs0.05(FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15 perovskite device with a MgO buffer layer has displayed PCE of 22.74%, also with a high Voc of 1.223 V which is an excellent performance in devices with same perovskite component. Moreover, the device with a MgO buffer layer can maintain 80% of the initial efficiency after 7200 h of storage at 35% relative humidity under room temperature. This is a major achievement for humidity stability in the world, providing more ideas for further improving the stability of perovskite devices.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of salmonellae isolated from eggs of local chicken in selected towns of Ethiopia
Authors: Tadesse Belege , Ali Destaw Asfaw 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSalmonellosis is one of the most common food‐borne diseases in industrialised and developing countries. In recent year, an increase in antimicrobial resistance among different Salmonella serotypes has been observed.ObjectiveA cross‐sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolated from local chicken eggs in four selected towns in Ethiopia.MethodsA total of 115 eggs were examined to detect Salmonella by using standard microbiological methods. The susceptibilities of the isolates to nine antimicrobials were tested by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method.ResultThe study revealed that of the 115 eggs examined, 22 (19.1%) were positive for Salmonella of which 14 (12.2%) and 8 (7%) of the isolates were from shells and contents, respectively. The occurrence of Salmonella in egg shells and content and between different altitudes did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). Most isolates were resistant to more than three antimicrobials with a high resistance to kanamycin, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, cotrimoxazole, oxytetracycline and chloramphenicol.ConclusionThe results indicate the potential importance of local chicken eggs as source of multiple antimicrobial‐resistant salmonellae and the need for proper cooking before consumption. Further studies are required to describe the epidemiology of Salmonella in various agroclimatic zones of Ethiopia.
Model Construction for Modal Clauses
Authors: Hustadt Ullrich , Papacchini Fabio , Nalon Cláudia , Dixon Clare 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present deterministic model construction algorithms for sets of modal clauses saturated with respect to three refinements of the modal-layered resolution calculus implemented in the prover
"Image missing". The model construction algorithms are inspired by the Bachmair-Ganzinger method for constructing a model for a set of ground first-order clauses saturated with respect to ordered resolution with selection. The challenge is that the inference rules of the modal-layered resolution calculus for modal operators are more restrictive than an adaptation of ordered resolution with selection for these would be. While these model construction algorithms provide an alternative means to proving completeness of the calculus, our main interest is the provision of a ‘certificate’ for satisfiable modal formulae that can be independently checked to assure a user that the result of
"Image missing" is correct. This complements the existing provision of proofs for unsatisfiable modal formulae.
A Proof Theory of ($$\omega $$-)Context-Free Languages, via Non-wellfounded Proofs
Authors: Das Anupam , De Abhishek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe investigate the proof theory of regular expressions with fixed points, construed as a notation for ($$\omega $$
ω
-)context-free grammars. Starting with a hypersequential system for regular expressions due to Das and Pous [15], we define its extension by least fixed points and prove the soundness and completeness of its non-wellfounded proofs for the standard language model. From here we apply proof-theoretic techniques to recover an infinitary axiomatisation of the resulting equational theory, complete for inclusions of context-free languages. Finally, we extend our syntax by greatest fixed points, now computing $$\omega $$
ω
-context-free languages. We show the soundness and completeness of the corresponding system using a mixture of proof-theoretic and game-theoretic techniques.
A Dependency Pair Framework for Relative Termination of Term Rewriting
Authors: Kassing Jan-Christoph , Vartanyan Grigory , Giesl Jürgen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDependency pairs are one of the most powerful techniques for proving termination of term rewrite systems (TRSs), and they are used in almost all tools for termination analysis of TRSs. Problem #106 of the RTA List of Open Problems asks for an adaption of dependency pairs for relative termination. Here, infinite rewrite sequences are allowed, but one wants to prove that a certain subset of the rewrite rules cannot be used infinitely often. Dependency pairs were recently adapted to annotated dependency pairs (ADPs) to prove almost-sure termination of probabilistic TRSs. In this paper, we develop a novel adaption of ADPs for relative termination. We implemented our new ADP framework in our tool and evaluate it in comparison to state-of-the-art tools for relative termination of TRSs.
Mechanised Uniform Interpolation for Modal Logics K, GL, and iSL
Authors: Férée Hugo , Giessen Iris van der , Gool Sam van , Shillito Ian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe uniform interpolation property in a given logic can be understood as the definability of propositional quantifiers. We mechanise the computation of these quantifiers and prove correctness in the Coq proof assistant for three modal logics, namely: (1) the modal logic K, for which a pen-and-paper proof exists; (2) Gödel-Löb logic GL, for which our formalisation clarifies an important point in an existing, but incomplete, sequent-style proof; and (3) intuitionistic strong Löb logic iSL, for which this is the first proof-theoretic construction of uniform interpolants. Our work also yields verified programs that allow one to compute the propositional quantifiers on any formula in this logic.
A Logic for Repair and State Recovery in Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Multi-agent Systems
Authors: van Ditmarsch Hans , Fruzsa Krisztina , Kuznets Roman , Schmid Ulrich 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe provide novel epistemic logical language and semantics for modeling and analysis of byzantine fault-tolerant multi-agent systems, with the intent of not only facilitating reasoning about the agents’ fault status but also supporting model updates for repair and state recovery. Besides the standard knowledge modalities, our logic provides additional agent-specific hope modalities capable of expressing that an agent is not faulty, and also dynamic modalities enabling change to the agents’ correctness status. These dynamic modalities are interpreted as model updates that come in three flavors: fully public, more private, and/or involving factual change. Tailored examples demonstrate the utility and flexibility of our logic for modeling a wide range of fault-detection, isolation, and recovery (FDIR) approaches in mission-critical distributed systems. By providing complete axiomatizations for all variants of our logic, we also create a foundation for building future verification tools for this important class of fault-tolerant applications.
Enhancement of p-wave dark matter annihilation by quasi-bound states
Authors: Beneke Martin , Binder Tobias , De Ros Lorenzo , Garny Mathias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe scrutinize the Sommerfeld enhancement in dark matter pair annihilation for p-wave and higher-ℓ partial waves. For the Yukawa potential these feature a super-resonant Breit-Wigner peak in their velocity-dependence close to Sommerfeld resonances as well as a universal scaling with velocity for all ℓ ≥ 1 that differs from the s-wave case. We provide a quantum mechanical explanation for these phenomena in terms of quasi-bound states sustained by the centrifugal barrier of the partial-wave potential, and give approximate WKB expressions capturing the main effects. The impact of quasi-bound states is exemplified for wino dark matter and models with light mediators, with a focus on indirect detection signals. We note that quasi-bound states can also explain similar peaks in the bound-state formation and self-scattering cross sections.
Hadronic mono-W′ probes of dark matter at colliders
Authors: Holder Ryan , Reddick John , Cremonesi Matteo , Berry Doug , Cheng Kun , Low Matthew , Tait Tim M. P. , Whiteson Daniel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Particle collisions at the energy frontier can probe the nature of invisible dark matter via production in association with recoiling visible objects. We propose a new potential production mode, in which dark matter is produced by the decay of a heavy dark Higgs boson radiated from a heavy W′ boson. In such a model, motivated by left-right symmetric theories, dark matter would not be pair produced in association with other recoiling objects due to its lack of direct coupling to quarks or gluons. We study the hadronic decay mode via W′ → tb and estimate the LHC exclusion sensitivity at 95% confidence level to be 102 − 105 fb for W′ boson masses between 250 and 1750 GeV.
Off-lightcone Wilson-line operators in gradient flow
Authors: Brambilla Nora , Wang Xiang-Peng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Off-lightcone Wilson-line operators are constructed using local operators connected by time-like or space-like Wilson lines, which ensure gauge invariance. Off-lightcone Wilson-line operators have broad applications in various contexts. For instance, space-like Wilson-line operators play a crucial role in determining quasi-distribution functions (quasi-PDFs), while time-like Wilson-line operators are essential for understanding quarkonium decay and production within the potential non-relativistic QCD (pNRQCD) framework. In this work, we establish a systematic approach for calculating the matching from the gradient-flow scheme to the $$ \overline{\textrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

scheme in the limit of small flow time for off-lightcone Wilson-line operators. By employing the one-dimensional auxiliary-field formalism, we simplify the matching procedure, reducing it to the matching of local current operators. We provide one-loop level matching coefficients for these local current operators. For the case of hadronic matrix element related to the quark quasi-PDFs, we show at one-loop level that the finite flow time effect is very small as long as the flow radius is smaller than the physical distance z, which is usually satisfied in lattice gradient flow computations. Applications include lattice gradient flow computations of quark/gluon quasi-PDFs, gluonic correlators related to quarkonium decay and production in pNRQCD, and spin-dependent potentials in terms of chromoelectric and chromomagnetic field insertions into a Wilson loop.