bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Iliac Arteries: A High-Risk Group for Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: McDonnell Ciaran O. , Semmens James B. , Allen Yvonne B. , Jansen Shirley J. , Brooks D. Mark , Lawrence-Brown Michael M.D. 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: To examine if the presence of large iliac arteries is a potential risk factor for the development of a type Ib endoleak (iliac sealing zone) or need for iliac artery—related secondary intervention in patients undergoing endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Methods: The medical notes and all preoperative and postoperative plain abdominal radiographs and computer tomographic scans were reviewed for a consecutive series of 100 patients (89 men; mean age 75 years, range 56–91) with large iliac arteries (mean 19.7 mm, range 16–22) who had Zenith endovascular stent-grafts inserted for management of aortoiliac aneurysmal disease from January 1999 until September 2002. Endpoints were all-cause mortality, aneurysm-related death, endoleak, secondary intervention, secondary interventions, and stent-graft migration. Results: Mean follow-up was 30.1±8.3 months; at the last follow-up, 30% of patients were dead, 3% were aneurysm-related. Seven (7%) patients developed a type Ib endoleak, with the remainder being type II (29%), type Ia (2%), type III (1%), and type V (endotension, 1%). Eight (27.5%) type II endoleaks persisted, with the remainder closing spontaneously with sac shrinkage. The iliac artery—related secondary intervention rate was 10%, and the overall secondary intervention rate was 16%. Conclusion: Iliac arteries between 16 and 22 mm in diameter may be treated with a cuff to the iliac limb with an expectation of 90% efficacy. Surveillance is required, with a high index of suspicion for type 1b endoleaks. Early secondary iliac intervention with extension to the external iliac artery is recommended if there is an increase in sac size after 6 months.
Feeding Arteries of the Spinal Cord at CT Angiography before and after Thoracic Aortic Endografting
Authors: von Tengg-Kobligk Hendrik , Böckler Dittmar , Jose Tania M. , Ganten Marika , Kotelis Osos , Nagel Simon , Giesel Frederik L. , Kirchin Miles A. , Delorme Stefan , Schumacher Hardy , Allenberg Jens-Rainer , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: To study the visualization of spinal cord feeding arteries in patients with complex thoracic aortic pathology undergoing endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) using an optimized protocol for multislice computed tomographic angiography (MSCTA). Methods: Eighteen consecutive patients (13 men; mean age 63 years, range 45–79) with aortic type B dissections (n=5), chronic expanding aortic dissections (n=5), thoracic aortic aneurysms (n=6), or penetrating aortic ulcers (n=2) underwent 16-slice CTA before and after (mean interval 9 days) EVAR. Pulse rate and neurological status were documented. Quantitative density measurements were taken at regions of interest (ROI) in the ascending thoracic aorta and at the level of the diaphragm. Two experienced radiologists qualitatively assessed the posterior intercostal arteries (PIA; fully visible, partially visible, non-visible), dorsal branches (DB; visible/non-visible), and artery of Adamkiewicz (AKA; visible/non-visible) on multiplanar reformations and maximum intensity projection reconstructions. Results: MSCTA was performed successfully in 17/18 patients before and after EVAR (1 patient was excluded after EVAR owing to rising creatinine levels). Before EVAR, MSCTA revealed 197/203 PIAs within the stented area, of which 179 were fully and 18 partially visible. No significant (p=0.37) difference was noted for overall PIA detection within the stented area on post-EVAR MSCTA (185/203 PIA), although only 124 were fully and 61 partially visible. Similar results were obtained for DB visualization. The AKA were seen in 10/17 patients pre EVAR and 9/17 post EVAR. In 2 patients, the AKA was localized within the stented aortic segment. ROI analysis revealed contrast densities of 427±89 HU and 398±84 HU on pre- and post-EVAR MSCTA, respectively. No neurological events were observed. Conclusion: The majority of posterior intercostal arteries and dorsal branches remain open after EVAR due to retrograde perfusion. High-resolution MSCTA permits accurate pre-and post-EVAR visualization of spinal cord feeding arteries in patients with thoracic aortic pathology.
Strategies to Reduce the Rate of Type II Endoleaks: Routine Intraoperative Embolization of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery and Thrombin Injection into the Aneurysm Sac
Authors: Muthu Carl , Maani Jason , Plank Lindsay D. , Holden Andrew , Hill Andrew 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: To determine whether the rate of type II endoleaks following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) can be decreased using a branch vessel management strategy. Methods: The branch vessel management strategy consisted of routine intraoperative embolization of all patent inferior mesenteric arteries (IMA) and thrombin injection into all aneurysm sacs that showed branch vessel filling on the “sacogram.” Sixty-nine consecutive patients (65 men; median age 77 years, range 58–90) undergoing elective EVAR since the protocol was introduced in July 2003 were included; 69 consecutive patients (65 men; median age 76 years, range 60–90) who underwent EVAR immediately prior to the protocol were used as controls. Primary outcome measures were type II endoleak rates and secondary intervention rates. Results: The median follow-up was 36 months (range 0.25–72) for the pre-protocol group and 12 months (range 0.25–24) for the post-protocol group. The type II endoleak rate for the pre-protocol group was 26% compared to 14% for the post-protocol group (p=0.14). This difference was not significant on Kaplan-Meir analysis (p=0.23). The 18 type II endoleaks in the pre-protocol group included 14 lumbar endoleaks, 1 IMA endoleak, and 3 combined lumbar and IMA endoleaks. The 10 type II endoleaks in the post-protocol group included 9 lumbar artery endoleaks and 1 IMA endoleak. Ten (14%) patients in the pre-protocol group required 15 interventions for type II endoleak compared to 2 (3%) in the post-protocol group who required 3 secondary procedures for type II endoleak (p=0.03). This difference was not significant on Kaplan-Meier analysis (p=0.22). Of the 12 interventions for lumbar endoleaks, only 5 (42%) were successful. Conclusion: Although there was a trend toward lower type II endoleak rates with our branch vessel management strategy, this did not reach statistical significance. Our data also indicated that there is a high incidence of lumbar endoleaks, and they are difficult to treat. Therefore, we believe there should be ongoing research into means to prevent lumbar endoleaks.
A Simple Technique to Facilitate Antegrade Thoracic Endograft Deployment Using a Hybrid Elephant Trunk Procedure under Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest
Authors: Lin Peter H. , Dardik Alan , Coselli Joseph S. 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: To describe a technique to facilitate antegrade thoracic endograft deployment using a hybrid elephant trunk operation under hypothermic circulatory arrest. Technique: When using a nitinol-based endograft in a hybrid endovascular aortic arch repair performed in a hypothermic patient, the endograft does not expand fully when the body temperature is typically maintained below 20°C. Immersing the nitinol-based thoracic endograft in a sterile hot saline bath (48°C) for 1 to 2 minutes prior to deployment warms the stent-graft to a physiological temperature of 38°C, which it maintains for several minutes while being deployed. Conclusion: Although the described technique represents an off-label approach to the use of a TAG device, we believe warming a nitinol-based endograft may potentially improve the technical success of this hybrid operation when the patient is under hypothermic circulatory arrest.
Late Aneurysm Rupture after Repressurization of a Thrombosed Stent-Graft
Authors: Geisbüsch Philipp , Schumacher Hardy , Hansmann Jochen , Allenberg Jens-Rainer , Böckler Dittmar 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: To report late abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture after endovascular stent-graft repair despite complete thrombotic stent-graft occlusion. Case Report: A 65-year-old man underwent successful endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) with a Stentor device in 1995. In the interim course, the patient developed complete thrombotic stent-graft occlusion, which was treated with an axillobifemoral bypass. After 8 years, the patient presented with a reperfused and ruptured infrarenal AAA. Open repair was performed, with a good clinical result and exclusion of the AAA. Conclusion: Thrombosed stent-grafts and aneurysms can transmit systemic arterial pressure and cause late rupture. Lifelong surveillance is mandatory in EVAR patients.
Virtual Histology Intravascular Ultrasound Assessment of Carotid Artery Disease: The

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Histology Evaluation (CAPITAL) Study
Authors: Diethrich Edward B. , Margolis M. Pauliina , Reid Donald B. , Burke Allen , Ramaiah Venkatesh , Rodriguez-Lopez Julio A. , Wheatley Grayson , Olsen Dawn , Virmani Renu 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of virtual histology intravascular ultrasound imaging (VH IVUS) of carotid plaque and to assess the feasibility of VH IVUS to identify plaque with embolic potential in patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS). Methods: Thirty patients (17 men; mean age 74±7 years) were entered nonrandomly into a single-center, prospective, 2-arm study following FDA and Institutional Review Board approval. In one arm, 15 patients underwent VH IVUS examination of carotid plaque with a cerebral protection device immediately followed by carotid endarterectomy (CEA). A comparison of “virtual” with true histology was then performed, classifying plaque type by VH IVUS and histopathology in a blinded study. In the second arm, 15 patients undergoing CAS had a preliminary VH IVUS scan performed with cerebral protection. Debris collected from the filter following stenting was examined histologically and compared with the VH IVUS data. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of VH IVUS to agree with true histology in different carotid plaque types was 99.4% in thin-cap fibroatheroma, 96.1% for calcified thin-cap fibroatheroma, 85.9% in fibroatheroma, 85.5% for fibrocalcific, 83.4% in pathological intimal thickening, and 72.4% for calcified fibroatheroma. Filter debris was captured in 2 patients prior to CEA and in 4 patients undergoing CAS for restenosis; VH IVUS classification of plaque composition was consistent with the histological evaluation of filter fragments. Calcified nodules projecting into the carotid artery lumen were associated with a higher incidence of previous neurological symptoms (66.7% versus 33.3%, p<0.05), while patients on aspirin has significantly less necrotic lipid core plaque detected by VH IVUS than patients not taking aspirin (6.4%±4.7% versus 9.7%±2.8%, p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed a strong correlation between VH IVUS plaque characterization and the true histological examination of the plaque following endarterectomy, particularly in “vulnerable” plaque types. The feasibility study to examine VH IVUS data and the filter debris histology in CAS patients supports a larger prospective study.
Increased Risk of Dementia Among Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Peng Yi-Hao , Chen Chih-Yu , Su Ching-Hua , Muo Chih-Hsin , Chen Kuan-Fei , Liao Wei-Chih , Kao Chia-Hung 
Published: March 2015

Objective: We investigated and compared the risk of dementia development in a cohort of patients with tuberculosis (TB). Methods: The study involved 6473 patient with newly diagnosed TB, and each patient was randomly frequency matched with 4 people without TB based on age, sex, and index year. The risk of dementia development was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Among the patients with TB, the overall risk of developing dementia was 1.21-fold significantly higher than the non-TB cohort. In the stratified analysis of dementia risks, only the patients with TB who were male or 50 to 64 years of age exhibited a significantly higher risk of dementia development compared with those without TB. An analysis of the follow-up duration revealed that patients with TB had a 1.78-fold increased risk within 1 year of follow-up. Conclusion: Patients with TB have a significantly higher risk of developing dementia than that of the general population.
An open-label, in-use study assessing the warming sensation accompanying IFF Flavour 316282 and the acceptability and local tolerability of a syrup containing paracetamol and pseudoephedrine for the short-term treatment of symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection
Authors: Furcha Rowland , Monnet Joëlle 
Published: March 2015

Objective: The primary objective was to assess the warming sensation caused by IFF Flavour 316282 in a syrup used for short-term treatment by patients suffering from nasal congestion and mild to moderate body pain, headache, fever or sore throat associated with an upper respiratory tract infection. Methods: A single cohort, single treatment arm, open-label study. Subjects received one 30 mL dose of syrup containing IFF Flavour 316282, paracetamol and pseudoephedrine and recorded onset and disappearance of any warming sensation in the mouth/throat. Subjects’ assessments of strength and appeal of the sensation, taste, texture and acceptability of the product was investigated using questionnaires. Results: A total of 56 subjects were included; 53 (94.6%) experienced a warming sensation. The median duration of the warming sensation was 114 s (95% confidence interval: 87–120 s). All subjects rated the syrup as excellent, good or fair for treating their symptoms; 100% and 94.6% of subjects respectively described texture and taste as excellent, good or fair. There were no safety concerns, and the syrup was well tolerated. Most subjects liked the warming sensation. Conclusions: IFF Flavour 316282 in a syrup for treatment of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms is associated with a warming sensation. The syrup is well tolerated, safe and palatable.
Effect of exercise training on clot strength in patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication: An ancillary study
Authors: Mauer Karin , Exaire J Emilio , Stoner Julie A , Saucedo Jorge F , Montgomery Polly S , Gardner Andrew W 
Published: March 2015

Objectives: Patients with peripheral artery disease have walking impairment, greater thrombotic risk, and are often treated with exercise training. We sought to determine the effect of a 3-month-long exercise program on clot strength among patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication. Methods: Twenty-three symptomatic peripheral artery disease patients were randomly assigned to a walking exercise program or to an attention control group who performed light resistance exercise. We investigated the effect of exercise training on clot strength and time to clot formation was assessed by thromboelastography. Results: After 3 months of exercise, clot strength (maximal amplitude) and time to clot formation (R) did not change significantly from baseline, even after improvements in claudication onset time ( p < 0.01) and peak walking time ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, changes in clot formation parameters were not significantly different between groups. Among the 10 individuals demonstrating a reduction in clot strength (reduced maximal amplitude), one was a smoker (10%) compared to 9 of 13 non-responders (69%) whose maximal amplitude was unchanged or increased ( p = 0.0097). Conclusion: In this ancillary study, a 12-week walking program improved ambulatory function in peripheral artery disease patients with claudication, but does not modify clot strength or time to clot formation. Larger studies are needed to confirm these hypothesis generating findings and to determine whether a different amount or type of exercise may induce a change in clotting in this patient population.
Deleterious impact ofPseudomonas aeruginosaon cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator function and rescue in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Trinh Nguyen Thu Ngan , Bilodeau Claudia , Maillé Émilie , Ruffin Manon , Quintal Marie-Claude , Desrosiers Martin-Yvon , Rousseau Simon , Brochiero Emmanuelle 
Published: March 2015

The epithelial response to bacterial airway infection, a common feature of lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis, has been extensively studied. However, its impact on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel function is not clearly defined. Our aims were, therefore, to evaluate the effect ofPseudomonas aeruginosaon CFTR function and expression in non-cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells, and to investigate its impact on ΔF508-CFTR rescue by the VRT-325 corrector in cystic fibrosis cells.CFTR expression/maturation was evaluated by immunoblotting and its function by short-circuit current measurements.A 24-h exposure toP. aeruginosadiffusible material (PsaDM) reduced CFTR currents as well as total and membrane protein expression of the wildtype (wt) CFTR protein in CFBE-wt cells. In CFBE-ΔF508 cells, PsaDM severely reduced CFTR maturation and current rescue induced by VRT-325. We also confirmed a deleterious impact of PsaDM on wt-CFTR currents in non-cystic fibrosis primary airway cells as well as on the rescue of ΔF508-CFTR function induced by VRT-325 in primary cystic fibrosis cells.These findings show that CFTR function could be impaired in non-cystic fibrosis patients infected byP. aeruginosa. Our data also suggest that CFTR corrector efficiency may be affected by infectious components, which should be taken into account in screening assays of correctors.
Future trends in cystic fibrosis demography in 34 European countries
Authors: Burgel Pierre-Régis , Bellis Gil , Olesen Hanne V. , Viviani Laura , Zolin Anna , Blasi Francesco , Elborn J. Stuart 
Published: March 2015

Median survival has increased in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) during the past six decades, which has led to an increased number of adults with CF. The future impact of changes in CF demographics has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to estimate the number of children and adults with CF in 34 European countries by 2025.Data were obtained from the European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry. Population forecasts were performed for countries that have extensive CF population coverage and at least 4 years of longitudinal data by modelling future entering and exiting flows in registry cohorts. For the other countries, population projections were performed based on assumptions from knowledge of current CF epidemiology.Western European countries’ forecasts indicate that an increase in the overall number of CF patients by 2025, by approximately 50%, corresponds to an increase by 20% and by 75% in children and adults, respectively. In Eastern European countries the projections suggest a predominant increase in the CF child population, although the CF adult population would also increase.It was concluded that a large increase in the adult CF population is expected in the next decade. A significant increase in adult CF services throughout Europe is urgently required.
QTLs underlying natural variation of root growth angle among rice cultivars with the same functional allele of DEEPER ROOTING 1
Authors: Kitomi Yuka , Kanno Noriko , Kawai Sawako , Mizubayashi Tatsumi , Fukuoka Shuichi , Uga Yusaku 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
The functional allele of the rice gene DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1) increases the root growth angle (RGA). However, wide natural variation in RGA is observed among rice cultivars with the functional DRO1 allele. To elucidate genetic factors related to such variation, we quantitatively measured RGA using the basket method and analyzed quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for RGA in three F2 mapping populations derived from crosses between the large RGA–type cultivar Kinandang Patong and each of three accessions with varying RGA: Momiroman has small RGA and was used to produce the MoK-F2 population; Yumeaoba has intermediate RGA (YuK-F2 population); Tachisugata has large RGA (TaK-F2 population). All four accessions belong to the same haplotype group of functional DRO1 allele.

Results
We detected the following statistically significant QTLs: one QTL on chromosome 4 in MoK-F2, three QTLs on chromosomes 2, 4, and 6 in YuK-F2, and one QTL on chromosome 2 in TaK-F2. Among them, the two QTLs on chromosome 4 were located near DRO2, which has been previously reported as a major QTL for RGA, whereas the two major QTLs for RGA on chromosomes 2 (DRO4) and 6 (DRO5) were novel. With the LOD threshold reduced to 3.0, several minor QTLs for RGA were also detected in each population.

Conclusion
Natural variation in RGA in rice cultivars carrying functional DRO1 alleles may be controlled by a few major QTLs and by several additional minor QTLs.
Cell-lineage heterogeneity and driver mutation recurrence in pre-invasive breast neoplasia
Authors: Weng Ziming , Spies Noah , Zhu Shirley X , Newburger Daniel E , Kashef-Haghighi Dorna , Batzoglou Serafim , Sidow Arend , West Robert B 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Background
All cells in an individual are related to one another by a bifurcating lineage tree, in which each node is an ancestral cell that divided into two, each branch connects two nodes, and the root is the zygote. When a somatic mutation occurs in an ancestral cell, all its descendants carry the mutation, which can then serve as a lineage marker for the phylogenetic reconstruction of tumor progression. Using this concept, we investigate cell lineage relationships and genetic heterogeneity of pre-invasive neoplasias compared to invasive carcinomas.

Methods
We deeply sequenced over a thousand phylogenetically informative somatic variants in 66 morphologically independent samples from six patients that represent a spectrum of normal, early neoplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma. For each patient, we obtained a highly resolved lineage tree that establishes the phylogenetic relationships among the pre-invasive lesions and with the invasive carcinoma.

Results
The trees reveal lineage heterogeneity of pre-invasive lesions, both within the same lesion, and between histologically similar ones. On the basis of the lineage trees, we identified a large number of independent recurrences of PIK3CA H1047 mutations in separate lesions in four of the six patients, often separate from the diagnostic carcinoma.

Conclusions
Our analyses demonstrate that multi-sample phylogenetic inference provides insights on the origin of driver mutations, lineage heterogeneity of neoplastic proliferations, and the relationship of genomically aberrant neoplasias with the primary tumors. PIK3CA driver mutations may be comparatively benign inducers of cellular proliferation.