bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion‐weighted imaging in assessing pathological response of tumor in breast cancer subtype to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Liu Shangang , Ren Ruimei , Chen Zhaoqiu , Wang Yongsheng , Fan Tingyong , Li Chengli , Zhang Pinliang 
Published: January 2015

PurposeTo investigate the efficacy of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) for reflecting and predicting pathological tumor response in breast cancer subtype to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).Materials and MethodsThe retrospective study included 176 patients with breast cancer who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations before and after NAC prior to surgery. The pre‐ and post‐NAC apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of tumor were measured respectively on DWI. The pathological response was classified into either a complete response (pCR) or as a noncomplete response (pNCR) to NAC with the Miller & Payne system. The relationship between the ADC value and the pathological response was assessed according to intrinsic subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2‐enriched, and triple negative) defined by immunohistochemical features.ResultsMultiple comparisons respectively showed that pre‐NAC and post‐NAC ADC were significantly different among four subtypes (P < 0.001). After the comparison between two different subtypes, the pre‐NAC ADC value of the triple‐negative and HER2‐enriched subtypes were significantly higher than Luminal A (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001) and Luminal B subtype (P < 0.001 and P = 0.009), and the post‐NAC ADC of triple‐negative subtype was significantly higher than the others (P < 0.001). The pre‐NAC ADC of pCRs was significantly lower than that of pNCRs only in the triple‐negative subtype among four subtypes (P < 0.001), and the post‐NAC ADC of pCRs was significantly higher than that of pNCRs in each subtype (P < 0.001).ConclusionDWI appears to be a promising tool to determine the association of pathological response to NAC in breast cancer subtypes. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:779–787.
Modelling long‐term monthly temperatures by several data‐driven methods using geographical inputs
Authors: Kisi Ozgur , Sanikhani Hadi 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the ability of five different data‐driven methods, artificial neural networks (ANNs), adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) with grid partition (GP), ANFIS with subtractive clustering (SC), support vector regression (SVR) and gene expression programming (GEP), in predicting long‐term monthly temperatures by using data from 50 stations in Iran. The periodicity component (month of the year), station latitude, longitude and altitude values were used as inputs to the applied models to predict the long‐term monthly temperatures. The overall accuracy of the SVR model was found to be better than that of the other models. The GEP model gave the worst estimates. The maximum determination coefficient (R2) values were found to be 0.996, 0.999, 0.997 and 0.959 for the ANN, ANFIS‐GP, ANFIS‐SC and GEP models in Karaj and Qazvin stations, respectively. The highest R2 value (0.999) of SVR model was found for the Tabas station. The minimum R2 values were respectively found as 0.988, 0.946 and 0.985 for the ANFIS‐GP, ANFIS‐SC and SVR models in Bandar Abbas station while the ANN and GEP models gave the minimum R2 values of 0.982 and 0.886 in the Abadan and Kerman stations, respectively. The results indicated that the long‐term monthly temperatures of any site can be successfully estimated by data‐driven methods applied in this study using geographical inputs. The interpolated maps of temperatures were also obtained by using the optimal SVR model and evaluated in the study. The temperature maps showed that the highest temperatures were occurred in the southeastern and central parts of the Iran.
Global hourly land surface air temperature datasets: inter‐comparison and climate change
Authors: Wang Aihui , Zeng Xubin 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThe land surface air temperature (LSAT) is one of the fundamental parameters to represent heat transfer and to modulate the moisture cycle between land and atmosphere. Here, we quantify the spatiotemporal characteristics of four newly developed hourly temperature products by merging reanalysis with in situ data Climatic Research Unit (CRU). Overall, LSATs from different hourly products are consistent with each other, and their differences are generally smaller in magnitude than biases between hourly products and monthly averaged daily maximum and minimum temperature data from CRU. While the true monthly mean (using hourly values) and the monthly mean (of daily maximum and minimum temperatures) and their seasonality [as represented by the (July–January) differences] differ, their trends agree with each other very well. The polar amplification ratio of average temperature trend north of 65°N to that over global land (excluding Greenland and Antarctica) is also similar among different products, with the annual ratio of around 1.7. The ratio in summer (June–August) is always smaller than the annual value for different periods among all products. Based on the probability distribution functions from the monthly anomalies of different variables, the coldest tenth percentile of temperature in each decade overall increases with time, while the warmest tenth percentile does not vary much from 1950–1979, followed by a rapid increase from 1980–2009. These results and additional sensitivity tests suggest that the 4‐h LSAT products can be widely used for climate analysis, model evaluation, and offline land surface modelling from 1948–2009.
Unique model evokes the supination/pronation deficits found after Mason II fractures
Authors: Miller Mark Carl , Kuxhaus Laurel , Cowgill Mandy L. , Cook Harold A. , Druschel Michael , Palmer Bradley , Baratz Mark E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA rapid prototyping model of Mason II fracture was used to investigate baseline recommendations for surgical intervention founded on kinematic forearm rotational blockage. Exact replicas of the radial heads in nine cadaveric specimens were produced and specimens were tested in a physiologic elbow simulator. After testing supination/pronation, the rotations were repeated with native replicas and with replicas modeling 3 mm depressed Mason II fractures with and without a gap of 1 mm between the body and fragment. The fragments were located circumferentially around the radial head at 10, 2 and 6 o'clock positions. There was no statistical difference between the range of motion of the native case and the native replica without fracture. After inclusion of the fracture, seven of the nine specimens showed rotational blockages. A two‐way ANOVA found no statistical difference due to type of Mason II fracture (p > 0.87) or fracture location (p > 0.27). A χ‐square analysis showed that presence of a kinematic deficit with a fractured radial head was significant (p < 0.03). The results support continued surgical intervention for a 3 mm depressed fracture and also establish the use of the rapid prototype as a model for kinematic investigation of fractures in a cadaveric model when ligamentous attachments are preserved. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 9999:1–6, 2014.
Validation of a computer‐assisted method for measurement of radiographic wear in total hip arthroplasty using all polyethylene cemented acetabular components
Authors: Langlois Jean , Zaoui Amine , Scemama Caroline , Martell John , Bragdon Charles , Hamadouche Moussa 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTAlthough cemented all polyethylene (PE) cups have been routinely used in total hip arthroplasty for decades, no computer‐assisted method for measurement of radiographic wear has ever been specifically validated for these implants. Using a validated hip phantom model, AP plain hip radiographs were obtained consecutively for eight simulated wear positions. A version of Martell's Hip Analysis Suite software dedicated to all polyethylene sockets was used by three different examiners of varied experience. Bias (mean, standard deviation and 95% confidence interval limit), repeatability (standard deviation and 95% limit) and reproducibility (standard deviation and 95% limit) for two‐dimensional wear measurements were assessed, as recommended by the current ASTM guidelines. Using this protocol, the dedicated software showed an overall mean bias of 0.089 ± 0.060 mm (mean ± SD), and 0.118 mm for 95% CI limit. Repeatability (intra examiner) standard deviation and 95% limit were respectively 0.106 mm and 0.292 mm. Reproducibility (inter examiner) standard deviation and 95% limit were respectively 0.112 mm and 0.308 mm. Martell Hip Analysis for all PE cemented cups is a reliable and low‐cost instrument in the assessment of wear, despite being less precise than its original version dedicated to cementless components. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:???–???, 2015.
In vitro fermentation of total mixed diets differing in concentrate proportion: relative effects of inocula and substrates
Authors: Serment Amélie , Giger‐Reverdin Sylvie , Schmidely Philippe , Dhumez Ophélie , Broudiscou Laurent P , Sauvant Daniel 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn vitro techniques are used to predict ruminant feedstuff values or characterise rumen fermentation. As the results are influenced by several factors, such as the relative effects of inocula and substrates, this study aimed to examine in vitro incubation of two total mixed rations (substrates) differing in their proportion of concentrate [low (L): 350 g kg−1 vs. high (H): 700 g kg−1] incubated in inocula provided by goats fed either a L or a H diet. Gas production and composition in carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2), volatile fatty acids (VFAs), soluble carbohydrates (SCs) and ammonia (NH3) concentrations, and pH of the fermentation fluid were measured.RESULTSIn comparison with the L inoculum and L substrate, the H ones produced more CO2 and CH4 gas, which led to higher SCs and VFA concentrations, and lower acetate‐to‐propionate ratio and NH3 concentration, with a predominant effect of the inoculum.CONCLUSIONThe effects of the inocula and of the substrates were additive using donor animals adapted to the diets. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
1H NMR spectroscopy of glioblastoma stem‐like cells identifies alpha‐aminoadipate as a marker of tumor aggressiveness
Authors: Rosi Antonella , Ricci‐Vitiani Lucia , Biffoni Mauro , Grande Sveva , Luciani Anna Maria , Palma Alessandra , Runci Daniele , Cappellari Marianna , De Maria Ruggero , Guidoni Laura , Pallini Roberto , Viti Vincenza 
Published: January 2015

Patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) face a poor prognosis with median survival of about 14 months. High recurrence rate and failure of conventional treatments are attributed to the presence of GBM cells with stem‐like properties (GSCs). Metabolite profiles of 42 GSC lines established from the tumor tissue of adult GBM patients were screened with 1H NMR spectroscopy and compared with human neural progenitor cells from human adult olfactory bulb (OB‐NPCs) and from the developing human brain (HNPCs).A first subset (n = 12) of GSCs exhibited a dramatic accumulation of the metabolite α‐aminoadipate (αAAD), product of the oxidation of α‐aminoadipic semialdehyde catalyzed by the ALDH7A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family in lysine catabolism. αAAD was low/not detectable in a second GSC subset (n = 13) with the same neural metabolic profile as well as in a third GSC subset (n = 17) characterized by intense lipid signals. Likewise, αAAD was not detected in the spectra of OB‐NPCs or HNPCs. Inhibition of mitochondrial ATP synthase by oligomycin treatment revealed that the lysine degradative pathway leading to αAAD formation proceeds through saccharopine, as usually observed in developing brain. Survival curves indicated that high αAAD levels in GSCs significantly correlated with poor patient survival, similarly to prostate and non‐small‐cell‐lung cancers, where activity of ALDH7A1 correlates with tumor aggressiveness. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advanced 3D beam element of arbitrary composite cross section including generalized warping effects
Authors: Sapountzakis E. J. , Dikaros I. C. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryIn this paper, an advanced 20 × 20 stiffness matrix and the corresponding nodal load vector of a member of arbitrary composite cross section is developed taking into account shear lag effects due to both flexure and torsion (the case of the three‐dimensional beam element of arbitrary homogeneous cross section is treated as a special one). The composite member consists of materials in contact each of which can surround a finite number of inclusions. Nonuniform warping distributions are taken into account by employing four independent warping parameters multiplying a shear warping function in each direction and two torsional warping functions. Ten boundary value problems with respect to the kinematical components are formulated and solved employing the analog equation method, a BEM‐based technique. The aforementioned boundary value problems are formulated employing either an improved stress field arising from the correction of shear stress components or the stress field arising directly from displacement considerations. The warping functions and the geometric constants including the additional ones due to warping are evaluated employing a pure BEM approach, that is, only boundary discretization of the cross section is used. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the method and demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy. The deviations arising from the use of the advanced 20 × 20 stiffness matrix and the classical 12 × 12 or 14 × 14 ones employed in commercial software packages are illustrated through examples of great practical interest. Moreover, the influence of nonuniform warping effects necessitating the use of the aforementioned ‘advanced’ stiffness matrix is also demonstrated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can Genetics Predict Response to Complex Behavioral Interventions? Evidence from a Genetic Analysis of the Fast Track Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Albert Dustin , Belsky Daniel W. , Crowley D. Max , Latendresse Shawn J. , Aliev Fazil , Riley Brien , Sun Cuie ,   Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group, Dick Danielle M. , Dodge Kenneth A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEarly interventions are a preferred method for addressing behavioral problems in high‐risk children, but often have only modest effects. Identifying sources of variation in intervention effects can suggest means to improve efficiency. One potential source of such variation is the genome. We conducted a genetic analysis of the Fast Track randomized control trial, a 10‐year‐long intervention to prevent high‐risk kindergarteners from developing adult externalizing problems including substance abuse and antisocial behavior. We tested whether variants of the glucocorticoid receptor gene NR3C1 were associated with differences in response to the Fast Track intervention. We found that in European‐American children, a variant of NR3C1 identified by the single‐nucleotide polymorphism rs10482672 was associated with increased risk for externalizing psychopathology in control group children and decreased risk for externalizing psychopathology in intervention group children. Variation in NR3C1 measured in this study was not associated with differential intervention response in African‐American children. We discuss implications for efforts to prevent externalizing problems in high‐risk children and for public policy in the genomic era.
Comparison between laparoscopically assisted and standard fetoscopic laser ablation in patients with anterior and posterior placentation in twin‐twin transfusion syndrome: a single center study
Authors: Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Javadian Pouya , Ruano Rodrigo , Haeri Sina , Sangi‐Haghpeykar Haleh , Lee Timothy C. , Molohon Jayme , Cass Darrell L. , Salmanian Bahram , Mollett Laura , Moaddab Amirhossein , Espinosa Jimmy , Olutoye Oluyinka O. , Belfort Michael A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of our study was to compare outcomes following laparoscopically assisted procedure (LAP group) with those seen following a standard approach used in patients with either an anterior placenta (SAP group) or posterior placenta (SPP group).MethodThis was a retrospective review of all the cases of twin‐twin transfusion syndrome treated in our fetal center from October 2011 to July 2013. Technical characteristics of the procedure, perinatal survival outcome, and maternal morbidity were compared.ResultsThe laser procedure time was significantly longer in the SAP group (44 ± 10 min) in contrast with SPP (19.3 ± 13.9 min, p < 0.001) and LAP group (32 ± 11 min, p: 0.012). Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 32 and 34 weeks of pregnancy was significantly more common with LAP versus SAP and SPP (90 vs 33.3 and 70.8% for 32 weeks respectively, p: 0.015; 100 vs 50 and 79.1% for 34 weeks respectively, p: 0.021). In terms of maternal morbidity and neonatal outcome, there were no significant differences between the three groups.ConclusionLAP may be useful in cases where SAP is not feasible. Despite the increased risk of PPROM with LAP, perinatal survival and maternal outcomes are similar to that seen in SAP and SPP patients. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling risk for severe adverse outcomes using angiogenic factor measurements in women with suspected preterm preeclampsia
Authors: Palomaki Glenn E. , Haddow James E. , Haddow Hamish R. M. , Salahuddin Saira , Geahchan Carl , Cerdeira Ana Sofia , Verlohren Stefan , Perschel Frank H. , Horowitz Gary , Thadhani Ravi , Karumanchi S. Ananth , Rana Sarosh 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntroductionPreeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy‐specific syndrome associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Patient‐specific risks based on angiogenic factors might better categorize those who might have a severe adverse outcome.MethodsWomen evaluated for suspected PE at a tertiary hospital (2009–2012) had pregnancy outcomes categorized as ‘referent’ or ‘severe’, based solely on maternal/fetal findings. Outcomes that may have been influenced by a PE diagnosis were considered ‘unclassified’. Soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase (sFlt1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) were subjected to bivariate discriminant modeling, allowing patient‐specific risks to be assigned for severe outcomes.ResultsThree hundred twenty‐eight singleton pregnancies presented at ≤34.0 weeks' gestation. sFlt1 and PlGF levels were adjusted for gestational age. Risks above 5 : 1 (10‐fold over background) occurred in 77% of severe (95% CI 66 to 87%) and 0.7% of referent (95% CI <0.1 to 3.8%) outcomes. Positive likelihood ratios for the modeling and validation datasets were 19 (95% CI 6.2–58) and 15 (95% CI 5.8–40) fold, respectively.ConclusionsThis validated model assigns patient‐specific risks of any severe outcome among women attending PE triage. In practice, women with high risks would receive close surveillance with the added potential for reducing unnecessary preterm deliveries among remaining women. © 2015 The Authors. Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Bone marrow stromal cells transplantation combined with ultrashortwave therapy promotes functional recovery on spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Yin Yan‐Mei , Lu Yu , Zhang Li‐Xin , Zhang Guang‐Ping , Zhang Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study investigated the effects of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) transplantation combined with low dose ultrashortwave (USW) radiation on functional recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Female Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 64) were randomly divided into five groups: sham‐operated, as well as control, USW, BMSCs, and BMSCs + USW that were subjected to spinal cord contusion. BMSCs were transplanted into rats in the BMSCs and BMSCs+USW groups, while those in the USW and BMSCs + USW were exposed to radiation; Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) tests were performed before the operation and at 1‐week intervals after SCI for 7 weeks. 7 weeks later, animals were assessed footprint pattern, motor evoked potential (MEP), histological features, and expression of the ED1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), markers of activated macrophages and astrocytes, respectively, in the lesion area. BBB scores were higher in the BMSCs + USW than in the BMSCs and control groups. The USW and BMSCs + USW groups had improved coordination compared to the BMSCs and control groups (P < 0.01 andP < 0.001, respectively, vs. control). BMSCs + USW rats had a lower ratio of lesion/cavity to spinal cord area than the other injured rats, and also had expression of GFAP in transplanted BMSCs. All treatment groups had lower ED1 expression and MEP latency than the controls (P < 0.01 andP < 0.001, respectively). The results indicate that BMSCs transplantation combined with USW radiation is more effective than either treatment alone in promoting functional recovery after SCI, possibly due to concomitant suppression of inflammation and spinal cord repair.Synapse 69:139–147, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anti‐tumor effect of Japanese herbal medicine Ninjinto in mouse melanoma: Efficacy of preventive treatment
Authors: Nakai Noriaki , Kishida Tsunao , Katoh Norito 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTAimWe evaluated the anti‐tumor effect of the Japanese herbal medicine Ninjinto in a mouse melanoma.MethodsIn in vitro experiments, B16F1 melanoma cells were cultured alone or in the presence of Ninjinto. Cell count, viability, concentration of interleukin (IL)‐4 and 6, interferon (IFN)‐γ in the medium, IL‐6 messenger RNA level in cells, and morphological changes were assessed. In vivo, approximately 5 × 105 B16F1 cells in 50 μL phosphate‐buffered saline were injected s.c. into the flank of C57BL/6 mice that had received plain drinking water or water containing 4 mg/mL of Ninjinto for 1 month. Tumor volume was measured using digital calipers. The presence of immune cells and expression of CD4, Foxp3, and IFN‐γ at the site of the tumor were investigated on immunohistochemistry.Results
In vitro, Ninjinto induced apoptosis with decreased production of IL‐6 protein. Preventive oral Ninjinto treatment tended to suppress growth of B16F1 tumors in mice, with an increased tumor necrosis area, increased infiltration of mononuclear cells, neutrophils, CD4+ cells, and IFN‐γ+ cells, and reduced infiltration of Foxp3+ cells at the site of tumor.ConclusionNinjinto showed anti‐tumor efficacy against B16F1 melanoma in vitro and in vivo. The significant enhancement of innate immunity and CD4 T‐cell immune response, and the improved immune tolerance suggest induction of effective anti‐tumor immune responses.