bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do medical procedures in the arm increase the risk of lymphoedema after axillary surgery? A review
Authors: Cheng Chris‐Tin , Deitch Jessica M. , Haines Ian E. , Porter David J. , Kilbreath Sharon L. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractLymphoedema of the arm is a potentially serious consequence of any axillary procedure performed during the management of breast cancer. In an attempt to reduce its incidence and severity, patients are instructed to avoid venepunctures and blood pressure measurements on the treated arm. These precautions are not possible in some patients and attempts to adhere to them can cause discomfort, anxiety and stress for both patients and their health‐care workers. The strength with which these recommendations are made is in contrast to the level of evidence underpinning them. This paper reviews this evidence regarding the safety, or lack thereof, of blood pressure monitoring and intravenous puncture in women who have had axillary surgery. With this evidence generally being anecdotal in nature, there appears to be no rigorous evidence‐based support for the risk‐reduction behaviours of avoiding blood pressure monitoring and venepuncture in the affected arm in the prevention of lymphoedema after axillary procedure. A clinical trial was proposed to investigate whether such avoidance measures were valuable, but failed during its inception. There remains a need for research from prospective trials on this controversial topic to determine the most appropriate patient recommendations that should be provided after axillary procedure regarding the risks for development of lymphoedema.
Demographic and production practices of pig producers trading at saleyards in eastern Australia
Authors: Schembri N , Hernandez‐Jover M , Toribio J‐ALML , Holyoake PK 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveTo gather information on the demographics, motivations, marketing strategies and rearing techniques of producers who trade pigs at livestock markets in eastern Australia.MethodsA 2‐page postal survey was administered to 815 pig producers trading pigs at six livestock markets in eastern Australia. Preliminary demographic and managerial practices were qualitatively and quantitatively determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to provide an insight to those practices that could pose a risk for exotic disease introduction and/or spread.ResultsA response rate of 68.7% (505 survey questionnaires) was achieved. Most respondents (73.1%) resided in regional areas and 65.5% of these were classed as ‘small‐scale’ (<100 sows). Herd size was significantly (P < 0.0001) associated with the use of veterinary services, with smaller herds less likely to consult a veterinarian. In addition, peri‐urban producers (24.8%) tended (P = 0.051) to contact veterinarians more frequently than regional producers (15.2%). Motivations for keeping pigs differed by herd size, nationality and producer type. One‐third of respondents trading pigs used more than one method to market pigs, with marketing strategies differing by herd size. Producers with smaller herd sizes kept pigs as a secondary source of income, as a hobby or for home consumption (P < 0.0001).ConclusionKey risk areas for exotic disease introduction and spread identified in this study included lack of veterinary contact, motivations for keeping pigs other than financial, marketing pigs privately with no formal transaction documentation and the co‐production of pigs with ruminant and domestic bird species.
Long‐term suppression of EAE relapses by pharmacological impairment of epitope spreading
Authors: Cavone L , Peruzzi B , Caporale R , Chiarugi A 
Published: November 2013

Background and PurposeImmune events sustaining dendritic cell (DC)‐dependent epitope spreading (ES) are of key relevance to the development of relapses during multiple sclerosis (MS). Although no drugs are currently available to target ES, its inhibition would represent a major advancement in MS therapy. Inhibitors of the enzyme PARP‐1 afford protection in animal models of MS, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). These drugs epigenetically impair antigen presentation by DCs, but whether these drugs affect ES is unknown. Here, we investigated whether short‐term treatments with these compounds would impair ES, thereby preventing EAE relapses.Experimental ApproachWe used a model of relapsing EAE in SJL mice and also adopted in vivo and ex vivo models of DC‐dependent T‐cell polarization. The effect of PARP‐1 inhibitors on ES was evaluated at the humoral and cellular level.Key ResultsShort‐term treatments with PARP‐1 inhibitors during the acute phase of relapsing EAE of mice induced, at later times, more tolerogenic DCs, increased numbers of Treg cells and impairment of ES at the humoral and cellular level. These effects are followed by long‐lasting reduction of relapse severity and incidence, although drug treatment had been discontinued for several weeks. PARP‐1 inhibitors also induced tolerogenic DCs and increased Treg cells number and function in a model of ovalbumin immunization.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur data emphasize the therapeutic potential of PARP‐1 inhibitors in the treatment of relapsing‐remitting MS and additional ES‐driven autoimmune disorders.
Impulse control disorders in patients with dopamine agonist‐treated prolactinomas and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: a case–control study
Authors: Bancos Irina , Nannenga Michael R. , Bostwick J. Michael , Silber Michael H. , Erickson Dana , Nippoldt Todd B. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryObjectiveWe aimed to assess the prevalence of impulse control disorders (ICDs) in patients with prolactin‐secreting adenomas treated with dopamine agonists (DAs), to identify associated factors and to compare it with a group of patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma.Subjects, Design and MeasurementIn a postal survey, 77 patients from Group A (patients with prolactinomas and present or past use of DAs) and 70 patients from Group B (patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma and no history of DA therapy) responded to a questionnaire on compulsive shopping, pathologic gambling, hypersexuality and punding. Associated clinical information was obtained through the survey and review of medical electronic records.ResultsThe total ICD prevalence was 24·68% in Group A and 17·1% in Group B (P = 0·31). Group A had an increased rate of hypersexuality (P = 0·03). Subgroup analysis revealed that men in Group A had a significantly increased frequency of total ICDs when compared with men in Group B (27·7 vs 3·7%, P = 0·01). No differences in rates of total ICDs were found between women of Groups A and B (20 vs 25·6%, P = 0·78). No association with type, dose or duration of treatment with DA was noted.ConclusionsMales with prolactinomas treated with DAs were 9·9 times more likely to develop an ICD than their counterparts with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Until prospective studies on the relationship of DA use in patients with prolactinoma and ICDs are available, the authors propose that patients with prolactinoma be forewarned of possible ICD development with DA therapy.
Roles of glial cells in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration
Authors: Takeuchi Hideyuki 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA gap junction is the major intercellular channel that facilitates direct signaling between cytoplasmic compartments of adjacent cells by transferring various small molecules (approximately 1 kDa) and ions. A gap junction consists of a pair of hemichannels, each of which is a hexameric cluster of protein subunits named connexin. Besides the functional gap junction with the coupled hemichannels, the uncoupled “free” hemichannels also facilitate two‐way transfer of molecules between the cytosol and extracellular space. Both gap junctions and hemichannels form the neuron–glia network, and contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis by propagating signals and buffering against toxins in the central nervous system. In contrast, recent evidence has also shown that microglial glutamate from hemichannels induces neuronal damage, and death signals are propagated from damaged cells to neighboring cells through gap junctions, suggesting that gap junctions and hemichannels are involved in the initiation and amplification of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Understanding the precise pathological roles of gap junctions and .hemichannels might lead to a new therapeutic approach that could slow and halt the progression of various neurological disorders.
Lighting Simulation of Augmented Outdoor Scene Based on a Legacy Photograph
Authors: Xing Guanyu , Zhou Xuehong , Peng Qunsheng , Liu Yanli , Qin Xueying 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe propose a novel approach to simulate the illumination of augmented outdoor scene based on a legacy photograph. Unlike previous works which only take surface radiosity or lighting related prior information as the basis of illumination estimation, our method integrates both of these two items. By adopting spherical harmonics, we deduce a linear model with only six illumination parameters. The illumination of an outdoor scene is finally calculated by solving a linear least square problem with the color constraint of the sunlight and the skylight. A high quality environment map is then set up, leading to realistic rendering results. We also explore the problem of shadow casting between real and virtual objects without knowing the geometry of objects which cast shadows. An efficient method is proposed to project complex shadows (such as tree's shadows) on the ground of the real scene to the surface of the virtual object with texture mapping. Finally, we present an unified scheme for image composition of a real outdoor scene with virtual objects ensuring their illumination consistency and shadow consistency. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and flexibility of our method.
Eye‐Centered Color Adaptation in Global Illumination
Authors: Gruson A. , Ribardière M. , Cozot R. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractColor adaptation is a well known ability of the human visual system (HVS). Colors are perceived as constant even though the illuminant color changes. Indeed, the perceived color of a diffuse white sheet of paper is still white even though it is illuminated by a single orange tungsten light, whereas it is orange from a physical point of view. Unfortunately global illumination algorithms only focus on the physics aspects of light transport. The ouput of a global illuminantion engine is an image which has to undergo chromatic adaptation to recover the color as perceived by the HVS. In this paper, we propose a new color adaptation method well suited to global illumination. This method estimates the adaptation color by averaging the irradiance color arriving at the eye. Unlike other existing methods, our approach is not limited to the view frustrum, as it considers the illumination from all the scene. Experiments have shown that our method outperforms the state of the art methods.
Artistic QR Code Embellishment
Authors: Lin Yi‐Shan , Luo Sheng‐Jie , Chen Bing‐Yu 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA QR code is a two‐dimensional barcode that encodes information. A standard QR code contains only regular black and white squares, and thus is unattractive. This paper proposes a novel framework for embellishing a standard QR code, to make it both attractive and recognizable by any human while maintaining its scanability. The proposed method is inspired by artistic methods. A QR code is typically embellished by stylizing the squares and embedding images into it. In the proposed framework, the regular squares are reshaped using a binary examplar, to make their local appearances resemble the example shape. Additionally, an error‐aware warping technique for deforming the embedded image is proposed; it minimizes the error in the QR code that is generated by the embedding of the image to optimize the readability of the code. The proposed algorithm yields lower data error than previous global transformation techniques because the warping can locally deform the embedded image to conform to the squares that surround it. The proposed framework was examined by using it to embellish an extensive set of QR codes and to test the readability with various commercial QR code readers.
Combustion Waves on the Point Set Surface
Authors: Jeong SoHyeon , Kim Chang‐Hun 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis paper introduces a combustion model of heat transfer and fuel consumption for the propagation of a fire front on a point cloud surface. The heat transfer includes the heat advection by the airflow as well as diffusion, chemical reaction, and heat loss to generate complex, but controllable heat flows with a designed airflow velocity. For the stable heat advection, we solve a semi‐Lagrangian method on point samples using discrete exponential maps to trace the position from which the wind blows while preserving the geodesic distance. We also propose angular Voronoi weights for a discrete Laplace‐Beltrami operator that shows better isotropic diffusion on the inhomogeneous distribution of point clouds than the cotangent or moving least‐squares schemes. We demonstrate a diversity of burning scenarios by incorporating factors affecting the fire spreading such as buoyancy and object geometries in the airflow velocity fields, or by synthesizing patterns.
A Progressive Tri‐level Segmentation Approach for Topology‐Change‐Aware Video Matting
Authors: Ju Jinlong , Wang Jue , Liu Yebin , Wang Haoqian , Dai Qionghai 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPrevious video matting approaches mostly adopt the “binary segmentation + matting” strategy, i.e., first segment each frame into foreground and background regions, then extract the fine details of the foreground boundary using matting techniques. This framework has several limitations due to the fact that binary segmentation is employed. In this paper, we propose a new supervised video matting approach. Instead of applying binary segmentation, we explicitly model segmentation uncertainty in a novel tri‐level segmentation procedure. The segmentation is done progressively, enabling us to handle difficult cases such as large topology changes, which are challenging to previous approaches. The tri‐level segmentation results can be naturally fed into matting techniques to generate the final alpha mattes. Experimental results show that our system can generate high quality results with less user inputs than the state‐of‐theart methods.
Animated 3D Line Drawings with Temporal Coherence
Authors: Xu X. , Seah H. S. , Quah C. K. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractProducing traditional animation is a laborious task where the key drawings are first drawn by artists and thereafter inbetween drawings are created, whether it is by hand or computer‐assisted. Auto‐inbetweening of these 2D key drawings by computer is a non‐trivial task as 3D depths are missing. An alternate approach is to generate all the drawings by extracting lines directly from animated 3D models frame by frame, concatenating and rendering them together into an animation. However, animation quality generated using this straightforward method bears two problems. Firstly, the animation contains unsatisfactory visual artifacts such as line flickering and popping. This is especially pronounced when the lines are extracted using high‐order derivatives, such as ridges and valleys, from 3D models represented in triangle meshes. Secondly, there is a lack of temporal continuity as each drawing is generated without taking its neighboring drawings into consideration. In this paper, we propose an improved approach over the straightforward method by transferring extracted 3D line drawings of each frame into individual 3D lines and processing them along the time domain. Our objective is to minimize the visual artifacts and incorporate temporal relationship of individual lines throughout the entire animation sequence. This is achieved by creating correspondent trajectory of each line from each frame and applying global optimization on each trajectory. To realize this target, we present a fully automatic novel approach, which consists of (1) a line matching algorithm, (2) an optimizing algorithm, taking into account both the variations of numbers and lengths of 3D lines in each frame, and (3) a robust tracing method for transferring collections of line segments extracted from the 3D models into individual lines. We evaluate our approach on several animated model sequences to demonstrate its effectiveness in producing line drawing animations with temporal coherence.
Boundary‐Aware Extinction Mapping
Authors: Gautron Pascal , Delalandre Cyril , Marvie Jean‐Eudes , Lecocq Pascal 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe introduce Boundary‐Aware Extinction Maps for interactive rendering of massive heterogeneous volumetric datasets. Our approach is based on the projection of the extinction along light rays into a boundary‐aware function space, focusing on the most relevant sections of the light paths. This technique also provides an alternative representation of the set of participating media, allowing scattering simulation methods to be applied on arbitrary volume representations. Combined with a simple out‐of‐core rendering framework, Boundary‐Aware Extinction Maps are valuable tools for interactive applications as well as production previsualization and rendering.
A Programmable Graphics Processor based on Partial Stream Rewriting
Authors: Middendorf L. , Haubelt Ch. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCurrent graphics processing units (GPU) typically offer only a limited number of programmable pipeline stages, whose usage, data flow and topology are mostly fixed. Although a more flexible, custom rendering pipeline can be emulated using the compute functionality of existing GPUs, this approach requires to manage work queues, synchronization, and scheduling in software. In this paper, we present a hardware architecture for a novel, programmable rendering pipeline, which is based on a circulating stream of data and control tokens that are iteratively modified via pattern matching. Our architecture provides light‐weight mechanisms for dynamic thread creation, lock‐free synchronization, and scheduling to support recursion, dynamic shader linkage and custom primitive types. A hardware prototype, running complex examples, demonstrates the improved reconfigurability also the scalability of our graphics architecture.
Level‐of‐Detail Streaming and Rendering using Bidirectional Sparse Virtual Texture Functions
Authors: Schwartz Christopher , Ruiters Roland , Klein Reinhard 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBidirectional Texture Functions (BTFs) are among the highest quality material representations available today and thus well suited whenever an exact reproduction of the appearance of a material or complete object is required. In recent years, BTFs have started to find application in various industrial settings and there is also a growing interest in the cultural heritage domain. BTFs are usually measured from real‐world samples and easily consist of tens or hundreds of gigabytes. By using data‐driven compression schemes, such as matrix or tensor factorization, a more compact but still faithful representation can be derived. This way, BTFs can be employed for real‐time rendering of photo‐realistic materials on the GPU. However, scenes containing multiple BTFs or even single objects with high‐resolution BTFs easily exceed available GPU memory on today's consumer graphics cards unless quality is drastically reduced by the compression. In this paper, we propose the Bidirectional Sparse Virtual Texture Function, a hierarchical level‐of‐detail approach for the real‐time rendering of large BTFs that requires only a small amount of GPU memory. More importantly, for larger numbers or higher resolutions, the GPU and CPU memory demand grows only marginally and the GPU workload remains constant. For this, we extend the concept of sparse virtual textures by choosing an appropriate prioritization, finding a trade off between factorization components and spatial resolution. Besides GPU memory, the high demand on bandwidth poses a serious limitation for the deployment of conventional BTFs. We show that our proposed representation can be combined with an additional transmission compression and then be employed for streaming the BTF data to the GPU from from local storage media or over the Internet. In combination with the introduced prioritization this allows for the fast visualization of relevant content in the users field of view and a consecutive progressive refinement.
Coarse‐to‐Fine Normal Filtering for Feature‐Preserving Mesh Denoising Based on Isotropic Subneighborhoods
Authors: Zhu Lei , Wei Mingqiang , Yu Jinze , Wang Weiming , Qin Jing , Heng Pheng‐Ann 
Published: November 2013

AbstractState‐of‐theart normal filters usually denoise each face normal using its entire anisotropic neighborhood. However, enforcing these filters indiscriminately on the anisotropic neighborhood will lead to feature blurring, especially in challenging regions with shallow features. We develop a novel mesh denoising framework which can effectively preserve features with various sizes. Our idea is inspired by the observation that the underlying surface of a noisy mesh is piecewise smooth. In this regard, it is more desirable that we denoise each face normal within its piecewise smooth region (we call such a region as an isotropic subneighborhood) instead of using the anisotropic neighborhood. To achieve this, we first classify mesh faces into several types using a face normal tensor voting and then perform a normal filter to obtain a denoised coarse normal field. Based on the results of normal classification and the denoised coarse normal field, we segment the anisotropic neighborhood of every feature face into a number of isotropic subneighborhoods via local spectral clustering. Thus face normal filtering can be performed again on the isotropic subneighborhoods and produce a more accurate normal field. Extensive tests on various models demonstrate that our method can achieve better performance than state‐of‐theart normal filters, especially in challenging regions with features.
As‐Rigid‐AsPossible Distance Field Metamorphosis
Authors: Weng Yanlin , Chai Menglei , Xu Weiwei , Tong Yiying , Zhou Kun 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWidely used for morphing between objects with arbitrary topology, distance field interpolation (DFI) handles topological transition naturally without the need for correspondence or remeshing, unlike surface‐based interpolation approaches. However, lack of correspondence in DFI also leads to ineffective control over the morphing process. In particular, unless the user specifies a dense set of landmarks, it is not even possible to measure the distortion of intermediate shapes during interpolation, let alone control it. To remedy such issues, we introduce an approach for establishing correspondence between the interior of two arbitrary objects, formulated as an optimal mass transport problem with a sparse set of landmarks. This correspondence enables us to compute non‐rigid warping functions that better align the source and target objects as well as to incorporate local rigidity constraints to perform as‐rigid‐aspossible DFI. We demonstrate how our approach helps achieve flexible morphing results with a small number of landmarks.