bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive Health and Service Delivery Status in a Rural Area of Bangladesh
Authors: Rashid Fahmida , Begum Shireen , Sattar M A , Sharmin Shahanaj , Begum Kamrun Nesa 
Published: February 2013

Background: Reproductive Healthcare Services is a service that contributes to reproductive health and wellbeing through preventing and solving reproductive health problems.Objective of the Study: To find out the reproductive health status and also the service delivery pattern in a rural area.Methodology: It is a cross sectional study done in a village named Kalirbazar, 3km away from the BARD, Comilla, during the period of13th February to 13th March, 2011. Data were collected purposively by Individual interview through a structured questionnaire. A total 30 women of reproductive age group (15-45yrs) were taken. Both adolescent unmarried girls and married women of reproductive age group were included in this study. After collection, data were analyzed, tabulated and presented.Results: Respondents were mostly married( 63%), unmarried 33%; almost all of the women were Muslim (93%) and from low socioeconomic status(77%). Sixty six percent of women got married before 18 yrs of age and 47% were illiterate, more than half of the women (60%) were housewives and 28% dropped out from schools. Forty percent of married women had 2-3 children.Most of the Women had knowledge about contraception, like-OCP (33%), inj. (27%), barrier (17%), female sterilization (06%) and 17% had no knowledge. Among the married women 53% use OCP, 32% injectable contraceptives, 11% sterilization and 04% had vasectomy. Among respondents, 70% had some sorts of menstrual problem, 85% women lacked of antenatal checkup, 95% delivery occurred at home, 90% delivery conducted by local dhai and unexpectedly 73% of women had knowledge of STD/HIV&AIDS. 60% of the women got the information related to reproductive health from relatives and also from media, health care provider. Most of the women (87%) said that whatever the health service status; there were problems in getting the services. Only few of them were satisfied with the services getting either from GO or NGO or from private sector. Almost all the women were buying the reproductive healthcare services (83%).Conclusion: Reproductive health status in the rural area is not at all satisfactory. GO. and NGO often fail to make health services available to the doorstep of the users in the community who are in dire need of it . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13756 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(1) : 27-30
Role of Misoprostol in Missed Abortion
Authors: Nahar KN , Chowdhury SB , Shamim Shayela , Nasrin Begum , Hossain Fawzia , Begum Nurjahan 
Published: February 2013

Spontaneous abortion or miscarriage is the spontaneous end of a pregnancy at a stage where the embryo or fetus is incapable of surviving independently, generally defined in humans at prior to 20 weeks of gestation, but in our country before 28 weeks of gestation. Nearly 20% of all confirmed pregnancies end in abortion. The incidence of this type of abortion is very high during first trimester and decreases with increasing gestational age. Of many types of abortion, missed abortion occurs when the embryo or foetus has died, but a miscarriage has not yet occurred. The retention of a fetus known to be dead for >4 weeks. The cervix is closed and there is no or only slight bleeding. Ultrasound examination shows an empty gestational sac or an embryo/fetus without cardiac activity. Surgical evacuation is the most common method of treatment of missed abortion.It is considered to be safe but carries some risk of complications related to anaesthesia and of surgical complications such as uterine perforation, cervical trauma, intrauterine adhesions and infections. Expectant management and medical treatment are the two other ways of treatment of missed abortion. Based on a review of the published literature, a single dose of 800?g vaginal misoprostol may be offered as an effective, safe and acceptable alternative to the traditional surgical treatment for this indication in the first trimester. Alternatively, 800?g misoprostol can be administered sublingually. Treatment may be repeated twice with a 3-4 hour interval for maximum three doses can be given orally or sublingually. Where as, vaginally, dose can be repeated 6-8 hourly for three doses. For the rest, 12-28 weeks of missed abortion,400?g of misoprostol every 4 hours until expulsion. Majority of cases have the expulsion within 48 hours. After administration of misoprostol, hospitalization is not necessary and the time of expulsion varies considerably. Bleeding may last for more than 14 days with additional days of light bleeding or spotting. The woman should be advised to contact a provider in case of heavy bleeding or signs of infection. A follow up is recommended after 1 to 2 weeks.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13787Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 92-99
Arthroscopic Rotator Interval Closure by Purse String Suture for Symptomatic Inferior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Moon Young Lae , Singh Harpreet , Yang Hun , Chul Lee Kwang 
Published: February 2013

Multidirectional instability of the shoulder is a complex condition that can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Clinically, it is characterized by symptomatic global laxity of the glenohumeral joint and may present either traumatically or atraumatically, unilaterally or bilaterally, and with or without generalized joint laxity. Capsular plication is a primary treatment option in these patients and is used to tension the redundant or lax capsule. We evaluated the role of rotator interval closure in restoring stability as a primary procedure in patients with multidirectional instability and a positive and painful sulcus sign.
Twenty adult patients (16 men and 4 women) presenting with multidirectional instability were evaluated clinically and radiologically to assess the degree and direction of instability, were treated by arthroscopic rotator interval closure and inferior capsular plication, and were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Clinical and functional results were excellent at 2-year follow-up. The results of the study indicate that the closure of the rotator interval in patients with symptomatic inferior instability will have a long-lasting effect on the stability and function of the shoulder, as the closure improves not only the static restraints but also the dynamic restraints of the shoulder through the improved proprioception secondary to restoration of the rotator interval structures.
Arthroscopic Anterior Talofibular Ligament Repair for Chronic Ankle Instability with a Suture Anchor Technique
Authors: Kim Eung Soo , Lee Kyung Tai , Park Jun Sic , Lee Young Koo 
Published: February 2013

The goal of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic repair for chronic ankle instability using a bioabsorbable anchor with 2 sutures. We evaluated the results of 28 ankles treated with arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament repair using bioabsorbable anchors with a FiberWire and TigerWire suture (Arthrex, Inc, Naples, Florida) placed on the fibula from March 2008 to January 2009. Average follow-up was 15.9 months (range, 13–25 months). Patients were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot ankle score and stress radiographs. Mean AOFAS hindfoot ankle score was 92.48±6.14 at last follow-up compared to the mean preoperative score of 60.78±16.38 (P=.041). Mean postoperative anterior draw test score difference between 2 ankles was 0.61±0.75 compared to the mean preoperative score difference of 3.59±0.68 (P=.00). There was a 14% complication rate, including 3 cases of portal site irritation and 1 case of superficial infection. Stress radiographs revealed 3 cases of anterior displacement >3 mm compared to the other side. All patients returned to their previous activity level.Arthroscopic ligament reconstruction for chronic lateral ankle instability using suture anchors is effective in returning patients to their preinjury function levels. Good clinical results were obtained with some minor complications. This minimally invasive technique is a reasonable alternative to other open surgical procedures for chronic ankle instability.
The Comparative Analysis of a Novel Acetabular Component against Hemispherical Component in Case of Extensive Acetabular Bone Defects — A Study of Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Ma Wenhui , Zhang Xuemin , Zhang Yingze 
Published: February 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the design of a cup using finite element method and to analyze possible effects of joint loading postoperatively, and its initial mechanical stability, so as to direct its further optimization. Finite-element (FE) models of the cup with three wings and the hemispherical cup were created to calculate the stress patterns during a normal gait cycle. The stress in the acetabular components were analyzed and compared. The FE analysis demonstrated that all kinds of acetabular components had the same trend for stress and strain. The stress of the wings increased gradually from rim to root. Its peak stress was significantly lower than the yield force of the Co-Cr-Mo alloy at the joint between the wing and the shell. The graft portion near the acetabular component was subjected to higher stress conditions. The contact stresses were found to be decreased with a reduced abduction angle of wings. The cup with wings of abduction angle of 15° had lower stresses compared with other cups. The cup with wings is a reliable option for the reconstruction of the acetabulum with extensive bone socket defects. The reduced abduction angle of wings helps to decrease the stress of the cup with wings. The FE analysis is a useful tool with which to address these issues.
Household Health Care Payments Under Rate Setting, Spending Growth Target, and Single-Payer Policies
Authors: Liu Jodi L. , Girosi Federico , Lu Ruolin , Eibner Christine 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceHouseholds have high burden of health care payments. Alternative financing approaches could reduce this burden for some households.ObjectiveTo estimate the distribution of household health care payments across income under health care reform policies.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCross-sectional study with microsimulation used nationally representative data of the US population in 2030. Civilian, noninstitutionalized population from the 2022 Current Population Survey linked to expenditures from the 2018 and 2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and 2022 National Health Expenditure Accounts were included.ExposureRate regulation of hospital, physician, and other health care professional payments equal to the all-payer mean in the status quo, spending growth target at 4% annual per capita growth, and single-payer health care financed through taxes.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHousehold health care payments (out-of-pocket expenses, premiums, and taxes) as a share of compensation.ResultsThe synthetic population contained 154 456 records representing 339.5 million individuals, with 51% female, 7% Asian, 14% Black, 18% Hispanic White, 56% non-Hispanic White, and 5% other races and ethnicities (American Indian or Alaskan Native only; Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander only; and 2 or more races). In the status quo, mean household health care payments as a share of compensation was 24% to 27% (standard error [SE], 0.2%-1.2%) across income groups (median [IQR] 22% [4%-52%] below 139% of the federal poverty level [FPL]; 21% [4%-34%] for households above 1000% FPL [11% of the population]). Under rate setting, mean (SE) payments by households above 1000% FPL increased to 29% (0.6%) (median [IQR], 22% [6%-35%]) and decreased to 23% to 25% for other income groups. Under the spending growth target, mean (SE) payments decreased from 23% to 26% (SE, 0.2%-1.2%) across income groups. Under the single-payer system, mean (SE) payments declined to 15% (0.7%) (median [IQR], 4% [0%-30%]) for those below 139% FPL and increased to 31% (0.6%) (median [IQR], 23% [3%-39%]) for those above 1000% FPL. Uninsurance fell from 9% to 6% under rate setting due to improved Medicaid access, and to zero under the single-payer system.Conclusions and RelevanceSingle-payer financing based on the current federal income tax schedule and a payroll tax could substantially increase progressivity of household payments by income. Rate setting led to slight increases in payments by higher-income households, who financed higher payment rates in Medicare and Medicaid. Spending growth targets reduced payments slightly for all households.
Emerging Nanozymes in Neurological Disorder Therapeutics: Bridging Oxidoreductase Mimicry and Antioxidant Chemistry
Authors: Jiang Guohui , Xu Qiqi , Xie Jiani , You Yong , Cai Lulu , Zhao Long , Tang Xiaoping , Yang Hanfeng , Yong Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of neurological dieases, including neurodegenerative, neurotraumatic disorders, and neuroinflammatory conditions, has been rising due to global population and aging demographics. A key factor in the pathogenesis of these disorders is the hyperaccumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). Nanozymes have emerged as promising candidates for neurotherapeutic applications owing to their exceptional catalytic activity and stability. Of particular note is their ability to cross the blood‐brain barrier and counteract the production of reactive oxygen species via their enzyme‐mimicking characteristics. In this review, the latest advancements and theoretical knowledge in this research domain are summarized. Using the inherent functionalities of the Web of Science and bibliometric methodologies, annual publication trends are identified and extensively explored the most researched topics and neurological disorders in this field. The antioxidant reduction chemistry of the nanozymes is discussed, highlighting their ability to mimic natural oxidoreductase activity and inhibit RONS production at the source. Moreover, this review delves into the current limitations and future prospects of these mechanisms in addressing neurological disorders. The significant benefits and recent developments in the use of RONS‐regulating nanozymes for the treatment of neurological diseases are emphasized, offering insights into their therapeutic applications and broader implications for neurology.
Developing statistical models of aflatoxin risk in peanuts using historical weather data
Authors: Kim Da‐Young , Getachew Fikadu , Tillman Barry L. , Zurweller Brendan , Hammond William M. , Zare Alina , Holton Raegan , Brym Zachary 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAflatoxin contamination in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a significant public health risk. Aflatoxin is detected postharvest after inspection of loads associated with grading at peanut buying points, leaving growers and shellers in a precarious position. Stricter limits on aflatoxin contamination could restrict the United States access to international markets. Predicting aflatoxin risk remains challenging, but improved tools could help inform postharvest storage segregation decisions and alert industry stakeholders to seasonal threats. This study aimed to develop and evaluate multiple statistical models that estimate the regional status of peanut aflatoxin contamination based on preharvest weather conditions. Our approach expanded on an existing peanut aflatoxin model for which a new geographic area and time period were tested. Weather variables served as independent variables to predict the risk of aflatoxin as the proportion of samples with greater than 20 ppb and 4 ppb aflatoxin (PGT20 [the proportion of samples with greater than 20 ppb aflatoxin] and PGT4 [the proportion of samples with greater than 4 ppb aflatoxin], respectively) across 10 counties in Georgia for 2018–2022. Best‐performing models were developed through multiple linear stepwise regression explaining more than 72% and 41% of the variability in PGT20 and PGT4, respectively. Model performance further varied whether it was a year of low or high aflatoxin incidence, with temperature observed as a key influencing factor across best‐performing models. This study established an adaptive approach to monitoring and managing aflatoxin risk through statistical predictive modeling, with output targeting farmers, industry, regulators, and public health officials. Future model development will aim to improve interpretation and confidence with in‐season aflatoxin prediction and efficacy testing of this approach across space and time.
Biomimetic cell membrane decorated ZIF‐8 nanocarriers with IR‐780 and doxorubicin loading for multiple myeloma treatment
Authors: Gao Guangtao , Che Junyi , Xu Peipei , Chen Bing , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSeveral therapeutic drugs including heptamethine cyanine dye (IR‐780), doxorubicin (DOX), and others have exhibited positive outcomes in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). However, curing MM is still hampered by undesired off‐target effects and uncontrolled release of the therapeutics. Herein, we present novel MM‐mimicking nanocarriers by integration of DOX, IR‐780, and MM cell membrane with zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) nanoparticles (D/INPs@CM) for MM treatment. The nanocarriers were fabricated by co‐loading DOX and IR‐780 into ZIF‐8 and further coated with the cell membrane. After intravenous injection, the D/INPs@CM can enter the bone marrow and target the tumor cells owing to bone marrow homing and homologous targeting properties of the MM cell membrane. Once accumulating in the tumor site, ZIF‐8 decomposed under the acid microenvironment and released the encapsulated DOX and IR‐780. As a result, D/INPs@CM showed the best MM tumor eradication performance compared to D/INPs, without displaying noticeable systemic toxicity. All these features suggest that our biomimetic nanocarriers may have great potential for the precise and targeted therapy of MM and related other hematological malignancies.
Biological regulatory network analysis for targeting the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) mediated calcium (Ca2+) transport in neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Amjid Umar , Aziz Ubair , Habib Uzma , Jabeen Ishrat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCalcium (Ca2+) has been observed as the most important ion involved in a series of cellular processes and its homeostasis is critical for normal cellular functions. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex has been recognized as the most important calcium‐specific channel located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is one of the major players in maintaining the Ca2+ homeostasis by transporting Ca2+ across the mitochondrial membrane. Furthermore, dysregulation of the mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis has been orchestrated to neurodegenerative response. This necessitates quantitative evaluation of the MCU‐dependent mROS production and subsequent cellular responses for more specific therapeutic interventions against neurodegenerative disorders. Towards this goal, here we present a biological regulatory network of MCU to dynamically simulate the MCU‐mediated ROS production and its response in neurodegeneration. Previously, ruthenium complex RuRed and its derivatives have been reported to show low nM to high µM potency against MCU to maintain cytosolic Ca2+ (cCa2+) homeostasis by modulating mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) uptake. Therefore, structural modeling and dynamic simulation of MCU pore‐forming subunit is performed to probe the interaction profiling of previously reported Ru265 and its derivatives compounds with MCU. The current study highlighted MCU as a potential drug target in neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, ASP261 and GLU264 amino acid residues in DIME motif of MCU pore‐forming subunits are identified as crucial for modulating the activity of MCU in neurodegenerative disorders.
Survey Identifies Weed Management Challenges in Nebraska
Authors: Rackley Denice 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWeed management practices and challenges in agronomic crops were assessed in two University of Nebraska Extension surveys. The updated 2019–2020 survey results were compared with those from 2014–2015 to determine the changes in weed distribution, occurrence, and grower management strategies over the four to six years. A follow‐up survey was conducted in August 2023 to asses Nebraska stakeholders’ perspectives on weed management challenges and current practices. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Integrated Pest Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Electrically active/inert dual‐function architecture enabled by screen printing grid‐like SiO2 on Cu foil for ultra‐long life lithium metal anodes
Authors: Li Dongdong , He Yue , Chen Bin , Liu Qingyi , Xu Jun , Yang Shengchen , Lai Wen‐Yong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) current collectors (CCs) have emerged as an effective strategy to inhibit dendrites and ensure the safety of lithium (Li) metal anodes. However, existing 3D CCs are generally too heavy (typically tens of mg cm−2) or too thick (tens to hundreds of micrometers), making large‐scale production and further application challenging. Additionally, the use of single‐component 3D CCs, whether electrically active or inert, only exhibits limited effects on stabilizing Li anodes. Here, we present a scalable screen‐printing technique for the synthesis of ultralight (~0.4 mg cm−2) and ultrathin (~0.54 μm) SiO2 grids on Cu foil to regulate both the vertical electric field and Li‐ion concentration by forming an electrically active/inert dual‐function architecture. This technology breaks the limitations of traditional 3D CCs in material/fabrication costs, weight, thickness and especially, scalability for large‐scale fabrication. By using this dual‐function architecture, our Cu@SiO2‐grid CCs (~8.31 mg cm−2), which are even lighter than the original Cu‐foil CCs (~8.85 mg cm−2), realize an ultra‐smooth anode surface without Li dendrites, and thus leads to an ultra‐long cyclic life of over 1500 h at 1 mA cm−2. The assembled Li metal batteries demonstrate excellent capacity retention of ~80% over 400 cycles at 1 C and ~ 76% over 250 cycles at 5 C, which highlight the promising 3D CCs for practical applications.image
Drink and drive? Understanding the dynamics of youth risk‐taking
Authors: Boes Stefan , Stillman Steven 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe exploit a reduction in the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) in New Zealand from 20 to 18 to study the dynamics of youth risk‐taking. Using the universe of road accidents over 15 years and an event history approach, we find no evidence that lowering the drinking age increased alcohol‐related accidents among teens. Complementary results of a cohort analysis suggest that reducing the drinking age even led to a short‐term decline in risky driving among youths directly affected by the MLDA change but had no longer‐run impacts on youth risky driving and drinking behaviors.
Research progress on the mechanisms of pain empathy
Authors: Liu Shuangshuang , Wang Siwei , Yan Yan , Qin Bangyong , Mao Qingxiang , Yuan Jie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent research has highlighted the indispensability of traditional molecular biology and imaging techniques in pain research. However, the mechanisms underlying pain empathy remain unclear. Consequently, a deeper understanding of these mechanisms would greatly enhance pain management. This article aimed to scrutinize previous research findings on pain empathy, with a particular emphasis on the correlation between empathy for pain and distinct anatomical structures, such as mirror neurons, the anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala. Additionally, this study explored the involvement of endogenous systems, including oxytocin and the locus coeruleus norepinephrine system, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, opioid system, and 5‐hydroxylamine signaling. In conclusion, the mechanisms of pain empathy are complex and diverse, and research on pain empathy and target treatment will contribute to pain treatment.