bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual behavior and male volatile compounds in wild and mass‐reared strains of the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) held under different colony management regimes
Authors: Bosa Carlos Felipe , Cruz‐López Leopoldo , Zepeda‐Cisneros Cristina Silvia , Valle‐Mora Javier , Guillén‐Navarro Karina , Liedo Pablo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe compared the calling and mating behavior and volatile release of wild males Anastrepha ludens (Loew) with males from 4 mass‐reared strains: (i) a standard mass‐reared colony (control), (ii) a genetic sexing strain (Tap‐7), (iii) a colony started from males selected on their survival and mating competitiveness abilities (selected), and (iv) a hybrid colony started by crossing wild males with control females. Selected and wild males were more competitive, achieving more matings under field cage conditions. Mass‐reared strains showed higher percentages of pheromone calling males under field conditions except for Tap‐7 males, which showed the highest percentages of pheromone calling males under laboratory cage conditions. For mature males of all strains, field‐cage calling behavior increased during the last hour before sunset, with almost a 2 fold increase exhibited by wild males during the last half hour. The highest peak mating activity of the 4 mass‐reared strains occurred 30 min earlier than for wild males. By means of solid phase microextraction (SPME) plus gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), the composition of volatiles released by males was analyzed and quantified. Wild males emitted significantly less amounts of (E,E)‐α‐farnesene but emitted significantly more amounts of (E,E)‐suspensolide as they aged than mass‐reared males. Within the 4 mass‐reared strains, Tap‐7 released significantly more amounts of (E,E)‐α‐farnesene and hybrid more of (E,E)‐suspensolide. Differences in chemical composition could be explained by the intrinsic characteristics of the strains and the colony management regimes. Characterization of calling behavior and age changes of volatile composition between wild and mass‐reared strains could explain the differences in mating competitiveness and may be useful for optimizing the sterile insect technique in A. ludens.
Carotid ultrasound pulsatility indices and cardiovascular risk in Australian women
Authors: Oughton Justin Alexander , Rose Stephen , Galloway Graham , Khoo Soo Keat , O'Neill Sheila , Coulthard Alan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIntroductionUltrasound‐acquired internal carotid arterial (ICA) pulsatility indices (PI) have been demonstrated to be useful measures of cerebrovascular disease. The purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate the association between carotid artery PI, cardiovascular risk and ischaemic heart disease in aging women.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐eight female participants of the Longitudinal Assessment of Ageing in Women study, aged 48–85 years, were evaluated. The relationships between common carotid artery (CCA) and ICA Doppler PI to cardiovascular risk factors (age, body mass index, systolic and mean arterial blood pressure, smoking and diabetes), carotid–femoral (femPWV) and carotid–radial (radPWV) pulse wave velocities, and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation (ρ), multiple regression and logistic regression. Dependent variables were Box–Cox transformed to meet linear regression assumptions.ResultsCCA and ICA PI were significantly correlated to femPWV (ρ = 0.414 and ρ = 0.544, respectively). Cardiovascular risk factors were significantly predictive of CCA PI (Adj R2 = 0.176, P < 0.01); however, their relationship to ICA PI (Adj R2 = 0.508, P < 0.01) was stronger. This result was comparable with the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and femPWV (Adj R2 = 0.561, P < 0.01). Age and systolic blood pressure were the dominant risk factors for IHD in this group.ConclusionICA PI is comparable with femPWV in its association with cardiovascular disease. PI does not improve the prediction of IHD over age and systolic blood pressure.
Percutaneous microwave ablation for early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the elderly: A promising outlook
Authors: Acksteiner Christian , Steinke Karin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIntroductionMicrowave ablation (MWA) is a relatively new minimally invasive treatment option for lung cancer with substantially lower morbidity and mortality than surgery. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the safety, effectiveness and follow‐up imaging of MWA in the elderly aged 75 years and above.MethodsEleven percutaneous computed tomography (CT)‐guided MWA of early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were performed in 10 patients aged 75 years and older. All but one patient were treated with a high‐powered MWA system delivering maximally 140 W. Follow‐up with CT and fludeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) was carried out over a maximum period of 30 months and a median period of 12 months.ResultsThere were no peri‐procedural deaths or major complications. Seven patients were disease free at the time of manuscript submission. Three patients showed growth of the treated lesions, one patient aged 90 years deceased due to unknown cause after approximately 18 months. One patient presented with local progression and disseminated metastatic disease at 12 months; he is still alive. One patient showed increasing soft tissue at the ablation site 15 months post‐treatment. Three consecutive core biopsies over 2 months failed to confirm tumour recurrence.ConclusionsMWA therapy is a promising option of treating early‐stage NSCLC in the elderly with good treatment outcome and negligible morbidity. Determining successful treatment outcome may be challenging at times as local tissue increase and PET‐CT positivity do not seem to necessarily correlate with reccurrence of malignancy.
Standard Business Reporting in Australia: efficiency, effectiveness, or both?
Authors: Robb David A. , Rohde Fiona H. , Green Peter F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe benefits of using eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) as a business reporting standard have been widely canvassed in the extant literature, in particular, as the enabling technology for standard business reporting tools. One of the key benefits noted is the ability of standard business reporting to create significant efficiencies in the regulatory reporting process. Efficiency‐driven cost reductions are highly desirable by data and report producers. However, they may not have the same potential to create long‐term firm value as improved effectiveness of decision making. This study assesses the perceptions of Australian business stakeholders in relation to the benefits of the Australian standard business reporting instantiation (SBR) for financial reporting. These perceptions were drawn from interviews of persons knowledgeable in XBRL‐based standard business reporting and submissions to Treasury relative to SBR reporting options. The combination of interviews and submissions permit insights into the views of various groups of stakeholders in relation to the potential benefits. In line with predictions based on a transaction‐cost economics perspective, interviewees who primarily came from a data and report‐producer background mentioned benefits that centre largely on asset specificity and efficiency. The interviewees who principally came from a data and report‐consumer background mentioned benefits that centre on reducing decision‐making uncertainty and decision‐making effectiveness. The data and report consumers also took a broader view of the benefits of SBR to the financial reporting supply chain. Our research suggests that advocates of SBR have successfully promoted its efficiency benefits to potential users. However, the effectiveness benefits of SBR, for example, the decision‐making benefits offered to investors via standardised reports, while becoming more broadly acknowledged, remain not a priority for all stakeholders.
Postprocessing of pelvic floor ultrasound data: How repeatable is it?
Authors: Dietz Hans P. , Rojas Rodrigo Guzman , Shek Ka Lai 
Published: October 2014

AimsTranslabial 3D/4D pelvic floor ultrasound (PFUS) is increasingly used in the evaluation of pelvic floor disorders. Commonly, this involves the analysis of stored volume data sets by postprocessing. In this study, we aimed to assess the time requirement to reaching acceptable repeatability for commonly employed outcome measures in PFUS.MethodsBetween 2010 and 2013, 20 individuals from 11 countries underwent training in postprocessing of PFUS volume data sets. They undertook test–retest series (n ≥ 20) between day 2 and day 15 of training. Outcome measures tested included levator hiatal area on Valsalva, descent of the bladder neck, bladder, uterus and rectal ampulla, and rectocele depth. After an initial training session of 10–20 cases, test–retest series were undertaken between the trainee and measurements obtained by the author or senior trainees.ResultsTrainees were obstetricians/gynaecologists in training (n = 4), obstetricians/gynaecologists or subspecialty trainees (n = 13), medical students (n = 1) and physiotherapists (n = 2). A total of 58 repeatability series were analysed, obtained between days 2 and 15 of training. When second or third retest series were necessary, there always was improvement in repeatability except for one series in one individual. Satisfactory repeatability (ICC > 0.7) was achieved by all trainees for all parameters required by them. Training lasted from 3 to 15 days, with means between 4 and 5.8 days.ConclusionsPostprocessing analysis of commonly used PFUS parameters can be taught to an acceptable standard within 1 week. Most commonly used ultrasound parameters obtained by postprocessing for prolapse assessment can be taught to an acceptable standard of repeatability within one week.
Effectiveness of medical treatment with methotrexate for interstitial pregnancy
Authors: Hiersch Liran , Krissi Haim , Ashwal Eran , From Anat , Wiznitzer Arnon , Peled Yoav 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundIn the last three decades, systemic methotrexate (MTX) has become widely accepted as the primary treatment for unruptured tubal pregnancy. This has prompted investigations into the use of MTX in the management of interstitial pregnancy.AimTo determine the effectiveness of methotrexate for treatment of interstitial pregnancy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 17 haemodynamically stable women admitted to our tertiary, university‐affiliated medical centre with an intact interstitial pregnancy from January 2003 through February 2013. First‐line treatment consisted of intramuscular MTX 1 mg/kg/day x4 alternating with folinic acid 0.1 mg/kg or, in cases of low beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) and no embryonic pole, one dose of 50 mg/m2 body surface area. Uterine artery MTX injection was administered on the ipsilateral side of the pregnancy followed by uterine artery embolisation as second‐line treatment. Failure criteria were <15% decrease in β‐hCG or sonographic evidence of pregnancy development. Second‐line failures were referred for surgery.ResultsTwelve women (70.5%) underwent successful first‐line treatment and 5 (29.5%) required second‐line treatment. Baseline characteristics were similar except for a higher rate of two previous ectopic pregnancies in the first‐line failures (80% versus 8.3%, P = 0.01). Two women eventually required surgery, both with two previous ectopic pregnancies. Of the three women with fetal cardiac activity on admission, two had successful first‐line treatment and one required surgery.ConclusionSystemic MTX is effective for treatment of intact interstitial pregnancy in haemodynamically stable women. The success rate is increased with uterine artery MTX injection as second‐line treatment.
Do hormone‐modulating chemicals impact on reproduction and development of wild amphibians?
Authors: Orton Frances , Tyler Charles R. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTGlobally, amphibians are undergoing a precipitous decline. At the last estimate in 2004, 32% of the approximately 6000 species were threatened with extinction and 43% were experiencing significant declines. These declines have been linked with a wide range of environmental pressures from habitat loss to climate change, disease and pollution. This review evaluates the evidence that endocrine‐disrupting contaminants (EDCs) – pollutants that affect hormone systems – are impacting on wild amphibians and contributing to population declines. The review is limited to anurans (frogs and toads) as data for effects of EDCs on wild urodeles (salamanders, newts) or caecilians (limbless amphibians) are extremely limited. Evidence from laboratory studies has shown that a wide range of chemicals have the ability to alter hormone systems and affect reproductive development and function in anurans, but for the most part only at concentrations exceeding those normally found in natural environments. Exceptions can be found for exposures to the herbicide atrazine and polychlorinated biphenyls in leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) and perchlorate in African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis). These contaminants induce feminising effects on the male gonads (including ‘intersex’ – oocytes within testes) at concentrations measured in some aquatic environments. The most extensive data for effects of an EDC in wild amphibian populations are for feminising effects of atrazine on male gonad development in regions across the USA. Even where strong evidence has been provided for feminising effects of EDCs, however, the possible impact of these effects on fertility and breeding outcome has not been established, making inference for effects on populations difficult. Laboratory studies have shown that various chemicals, including perchlorate, polychlorinated biphenyls and bromodiphenylethers, also act as endocrine disrupters through interfering with thyroid‐dependent processes that are fundamental for amphibian metamorphosis. Perchlorate has also been shown to induce these effects in wild anuran populations from perchlorate‐contaminated environments. Overall, the published data available suggest that some health effects observed in wild anuran populations, most notably intersex, likely have a chemical aetiology; however they derive only from very few anuran species and for a few pesticides at field sites in the USA. To understand better the impacts of EDCs on wild anuran populations, as well as other amphibian groups, assessment of fertility in exposed animals are required. Development of non‐destructive biomarkers that are indicative of specific EDC‐effect mechanisms are also needed to allow the study of vulnerable populations. This will help to distinguish the effects of EDCs from other environmental and/or genetic influences on development and reproduction.
Tiotropium may improve asthma symptoms and lung function in asthmatic patients with irreversible airway obstruction: the real‐life data
Authors: Abadoglu Oznur , Berk Serdar 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsSome patients with asthma have poorly controlled disease despite the use of high‐dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long‐acting β2 agonists (LABAs) and antileukotrienes. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of tiotropium as an add‐on therapy to the standard treatment with high‐dose ICS/LABA on asthma control and lung function in patients with severe asthma.MethodsOf the 633 asthmatic patients, 64 (10.1%) patients with severe asthma who were add‐on treated at least for 3 months were evaluated. Number of exacerbations, emergency department visits, hospitalizations and lung functions of patients belonging to 12 months before starting add‐on treatment were compared with those of 12 months after starting add‐on treatment.ResultsThe mean duration of add‐on tiotropium treatment was 8.3 ± 0.5 months. For patients with severe asthma that was poorly controlled with standard combination therapy, tiotropium improved asthma control in 42.2%, decreased the number of emergency department visits in 46.9% and decreased the number of hospitalizations in 50.0% of them. The mean baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s before add‐on tiotropium was 57.5 ± 1.9% and forced vital capacity was 74.3 ± 15.6%. However, after 12 months of add‐on tiotropium treatment, these rates became 65.5 ± 1.9% and 82.5 ± 15.1%, respectively. The addition of tiotropium significantly improved the percentages of the number of emergency department visits, the number of hospitalizations (P < 0.05).ConclusionOur study has suggested that, for patients with poorly controlled asthma despite of the use of ICS/LABA, the addition of tiotropium to standard care may be beneficial.
Histologic evaluation of apical pulp of immature apex following extraction, surface treatment, and replantation in different storage media in dogs
Authors: Jabarifar Ebrahim , Khalighinejad Navid , Khademi Abbas Ali , Razavi Seyed Mohammad , Birjandi Neda , Badrian Hamid , Ansari Ghasem 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimThis study was designed to evaluate the apical pulp of open apex teeth following extraction, surface treatment, and preservation in different storage media in dogs.Materials and methodsFour healthy male dogs were included in this prospective animal study. In the first phase of extraction, 30 teeth were extracted atraumatically from dogs (incisors and premolars) and then randomly divided into three groups based on different types of storage media: (i) milk, (ii) HBSS, and (iii) dry storage. In milk and HBSS groups, teeth were contaminated by dog's saliva and then kept in milk and HBSS solution, respectively, for 2 h. In the third group, teeth were stored in a dry storage for 2 h. Before replantation, all teeth were soaked in 10% doxycycline. After 2 months, in the second phase of extraction, all experimental teeth were extracted (40 teeth including control group). Three longitudinal sections (3–4 mm thickness) were stained with H&E and investigated under optical microscope. Histologic evaluations were performed, and data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Fisher's exact test (α = 0.05).ResultsThere was a significant difference between the milk and control groups regarding the presence of the odontoblastic layer and resorption (P = 0.04). Also, there was a significant difference between dry storage and control group in the presence of the odontoblastic layer (P = 0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in other histologic factors between different groups (P > 0.05). It was revealed that there is no significant difference between different groups regarding the intensity (P = 0.06) and the type of the inflammation (P = 0.24). Also, the hyperemia showed no significant difference between different groups (P = 0.51).ConclusionIt was concluded that HBSS and milk are appropriate storage media. Also, it was shown that 2 h dry storage probably does not threaten the vitality of the pulp cells.
Successful treatment of Sarcoptes scabiei in a 33‐year‐old pony with underlying pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction
Authors: Sleutjens J. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryA pony presented with a severe, chronic dermatitis around the ears, neck and trunk of the body, hind quarters and ventral abdomen. The pony was intensely pruritic as was an in‐contact pony and both owners. A superficial skin scraping demonstrated multiple living mites, identified as Sarcoptes scabiei. Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) was diagnosed as an underlying, potentially immunosuppressive disorder. The pony was treated for Sacroptes scabiei as well as PPID and is doing well 2 months after initial presentation.
Reduced myotube diameter, atrophic signalling and elevated oxidative stress in cultured satellite cells from COPD patients
Authors: Pomiès Pascal , Rodriguez Julie , Blaquière Marine , Sedraoui Sami , Gouzi Fares , Carnac Gilles , Laoudj‐Chenivesse Dalila , Mercier Jacques , Préfaut Christian , Hayot Maurice 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe mechanisms leading to skeletal limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have not been fully elucidated. Exhausted muscle regenerative capacity of satellite cells has been evocated, but the capacity of satellite cells to proliferate and differentiate properly remains unknown. Our objectives were to compare the characteristics of satellite cells derived from COPD patients and healthy individuals, in terms of proliferative and differentiation capacities, morphological phenotype and atrophy/hypertrophy signalling, and oxidative stress status. Therefore, we purified and cultivated satellite cells from progressively frozen vastus lateralis biopsies of eight COPD patients and eight healthy individuals. We examined proliferation parameters, differentiation capacities, myotube diameter, expression of atrophy/hypertrophy markers, oxidative stress damages, antioxidant enzyme expression and cell susceptibility to H2O2 in cultured myoblasts and/or myotubes. Proliferation characteristics and commitment to terminal differentiation were similar in COPD patients and healthy individuals, despite impaired fusion capacities of COPD myotubes. Myotube diameter was smaller in COPD patients (P = 0.015), and was associated with a higher expression of myostatin (myoblasts: P = 0.083; myotubes: P = 0.050) and atrogin‐1 (myoblasts: P = 0.050), and a decreased phospho‐AKT/AKT ratio (myoblasts: P = 0.022). Protein carbonylation (myoblasts: P = 0.028; myotubes: P = 0.002) and lipid peroxidation (myotubes: P = 0.065) were higher in COPD cells, and COPD myoblasts were significantly more susceptible to oxidative stress. Thus, cultured satellite cells from COPD patients display characteristics of morphology, atrophic signalling and oxidative stress similar to those described in in vivo COPD skeletal limb muscles. We have therefore demonstrated that muscle alteration in COPD can be studied by classical in vitro cellular models.
Pemphigus. S2 Guideline for diagnosis and treatment – guided by the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) in cooperation with the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV)
Authors: Hertl M. , Jedlickova H. , Karpati S. , Marinovic B. , Uzun S. , Yayli S. , Mimouni D. , Borradori L. , Feliciani C. , Ioannides D. , Joly P. , Kowalewski C. , Zambruno G. , Zillikens D. , Jonkman M.F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundPemphigus encompasses a group of life‐threatening autoimmune bullous diseases characterized by blisters and erosions of the mucous membranes and skin. Before the era of immunosuppressive treatment, the prognosis of pemphigus was almost fatal. Due to its rarity, only few prospective controlled therapeutic trials are available.ObjectivesFor this reason, a group of European dermatologists with a long‐standing interest and expertise in basic and clinical pemphigus research has sought to define diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for the management of patients with pemphigus.ResultsThis group identified the statements of major agreement or disagreement regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic management of pemphigus. The revised final version of the pemphigus guideline was finally passed on to the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) for a final consensus with the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) and the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS).