bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bank size, lending paradigms, and usage of Farm Service Agency's guaranteed loan programs
Authors: Dodson Charles 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– An established paradigm in small business lending is segmented by bank size with large banks more likely to lend to large informationally transparent firms while small banks are more likely to lend to small informationally opaque firms. In light of banking consolidation, this market segmentation can have implications for credit availability. Federal loan guarantees, such as those provided by USDA's Farm Service Agency (FSA) may reduce the risks of lending to informationally opaque firms thereby mitigating the impacts of the bank size lending paradigm. This paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– This analysis utilized a binomial logit procedure to determine if there was any empirical evidence that smaller community banks served a unique clientele of farmers when making FSA-guaranteed loans. The analysis relied on a unique data set which incorporated detailed data on farm businesses receiving FSA-guaranteed loans, loan characteristics, as well as information about the originating bank and characteristics of the local credit markets.

Findings
– Results were consistent with the bank size lending paradigm with smaller banks being less likely to engage in fixed-asset lending, and more likely to serve a riskier and less established clientele when making guaranteed loans.

Research limitations/implications
– Data limitations did not permit detailed analysis of banks larger than $250 million in total assets nor for consideration of non-bank lenders. An expansion by these lender groups into serving more informationally opaque borrowers could mitigate any adverse impacts arising from fewer small community banks.

Practical implications
– The results suggested that Federal guarantees do not completely eliminate the relative informational advantages of large and small size banks. And, continued bank consolidation, such that there are fewer small community banks, could result in less credit availability among smaller, less creditworthy farm businesses.

Social implications
– While FSA guarantees may not enhance a large banks propensity to serve informationally opaque farm borrowers, they may enhance the ability of smaller community banks to serve groups specifically targeted through FSA lending programs; the provision of credit to family farmers who, despite being creditworthy, are unable to obtain credit at reasonable rates and terms.

Originality/value
– The analysis examines relationship between bank size and the use of FSA guarantees using a unique data set which incorporated information on FSA-guaranteed loans, farm financial characteristics, along with characteristics of commercial banks which participated in the FSA-guarantee program.
An analysis of risk management tools utilized by Illinois farmers
Authors: Tudor Kerry , Spaulding Aslihan , D. Roy Kayla , Winter Randy 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among choice of risk management tools, perceived effectiveness of risk management tools, self-reported risk attitude, and farm and farmer characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach
– A mail survey was used to collect information about utilization of risk management tools, perceived effectiveness of risk management tools, and factors that could influence choice of risk management tools by Illinois farmers. Cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, χ2 tests of independence, and multinomial logistic regression were utilized to detect possible relationships among choice of risk management tools, perceived effectiveness of risk management tools, self-reported risk attitude, and farm and farmer characteristics.

Findings
– Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that age and gross farm income (GFI) were the strongest predictors of the risk management tool utilization group to which an individual would be assigned. The number of risk management tools utilized decreased with age but increased with GFI. Neither self-reported risk attitude nor education was a significant independent variable in the multinomial logistic regression model, but both were strongly impacted by age. Younger farmers with higher GFI were the most likely users of hedging.

Research limitations/implications
– The results of this study provide support for the idea that farmers who are better able to generate revenue are better able to manage risk, but the direction of causality was not investigated.

Practical implications
– Risk management service providers could benefit from this study as a benchmark for understanding their current and potential farmer clients’ risk management strategies.

Originality/value
– This study used cluster analysis and multinomial logistic regression to address the complexity of decisions regarding multiple risk management tools. The number of tools utilized by individuals was investigated.
Parallel analysis of thermal field in a layered DC cable
Authors: Golebiowski Jerzy , Piotr Bycul Robert 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to prepare procedures for determination of characteristics and parameters of DC cables on the basis of transient and steady thermal field distribution in their cross-sections.

Design/methodology/approach
– Steady-state current rating was computed iteratively, with the use of steady thermal field distribution in the cable. The iterative process was regulated with respect to this field by changes of the mean surface temperature of the sheath of the cable. It was also controlled with respect to the unknown current rating by deviations of the temperature of the core from the maximum sustained temperature of the insulation (material zone) adjacent to the core. Heating curves were determined (in arbitrarily selected points of the cross-section of the cable) by a parallel algorithm described thoroughly in the first part of the paper. The algorithm was used for computing of transient thermal field distribution throughout the whole cross-section. Thermal time constant distributions were determined by the trapezium rule, where the upper integration limit of respective thermal field distributions was being changed.

Findings
– Using the methods prepared the following characteristics/parameters of the cable were determined: steady-state current rating, spatial-time heating curves, mean thermal time constant distribution. The results were verified and turned to be in conformance with those of the IEC 287 Standard and a commercial software – Nisa v. 16. Speedup and efficiency of the parallel computations were calculated. It was concluded that the parallel computations took less time than the sequential ones.

Research limitations/implications
– The specialized algorithms and software are dedicated to cylindrical DC cables.

Practical implications
– The knowledge of the determined characteristics and parameters contributes to optimal exploitation of a DC cable during its use.

Originality/value
– The algorithms of determination of the steady-state current rating and thermal time constant are original. The software described in the appendix has also been made by the authors.
CFD modelling of air and oxy-coal combustion
Authors: Stęchły Katarzyna , Wecel Gabriel , B. Ingham Derek 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The main goal of this work was the CFD analysis of air and oxy-coal combustion, in order to develop a validated with experimental measurements model of the combustion chamber. Moreover, the purpose of this paper is to provide information about limitations of the sub-models implemented in commercial CFD code ANSYS Fluent version 13.0 for the oxy-coal combustion simulations. The influence of implementation of the weighted sum of gray gas model (WSGGM) with coefficients updated to oxy-coal combustion environment has been investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
– The sub-models validated with experimental measurements model for the air combustion has been used to predict the oxy-coal combustion case and subsequently the numerical solutions have been compared with the experimental data, which enclose the surface incident radiation (SIR) and the flue gas temperature. To improve the numerical prediction of the oxy-coal combustion process the own routine for calculating properties of the oxy-combustion product has been implemented.

Findings
– The results of numerical simulation of combustion in the air environment fitted within the experimental measurements accuracy. However, the air combustion sub-models implemented for the oxy-coal combustion simulations does not predict the SIR within the experimental data accuracy. The implementation of own routine, which uses the coefficients calculated for oxy-coal combustion environment shows improvement in numerical prediction of oxy-coal combustion.

Originality/value
– The radiative properties of gases in the combustion chamber during oxy-coal combustion calculated using the WSGGM implemented in ANSYS Fluent 13.0 do not predict the SIR within experimental measurement accuracy, however, implementation of WSGGM with updated coefficients provide a reasonable improvement in numerical prediction of SIR in the oxy-coal combustion.
Front tracking approach to modeling binary alloy solidification
Authors: Seredyński Miroslaw , Banaszek Jerzy 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to endorse the idea of using a special post-calculating front tracking (FT) procedure, along with the enthalpy-porosity front tracking (EP-FT) single continuum model, in order to identify zones of different dendritic microstructures developing in the mushy zone during cooling and solidification of a binary alloy.

Design/methodology/approach
– The 2D and 3D algorithms of the FT approach along with different crystal growth laws were implemented in macroscopic calculations of binary alloy solidification with the identification of different dendrite zones developing during the process.

Findings
– Direct comparison of results predicted by the FT model with that based on the concept of the critical value of the solid volume fraction shows the sensitivity of the latter on an arbitrary assumed value of the dendrite coherency point (DCP). Moreover, for a carefully chosen DCP value the second model provides results that are close to those given by the FT-based approach. It is also observed that the macro-segregation pattern obtained by the proposed method is hardly influenced by chosen dendrite tip kinetics.

Originality/value
– To the best authors’ knowledge, for the first time the 3D FT model has been used along with the enthalpy porosity approach to simulate the development of zones of different dendrite morphology during binary alloy solidification. And, a weak influence of assumed different dendrite tip kinetics on the macro-segregation pattern has been proved, what justifies this underlying assumption of the EP-FT method.
A conjugate axisymmetric model of a high-pressure shock-tube facility
Authors: Lamnaouer Mouna , Kassab Alain , Divo Eduardo , Polley Nolan , Garza-Urquiza Rodrigo , Petersen Eric 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– An axisymmetric shock-tube model of the high-pressure shock-tube facility at the Texas A&M University has been developed. The shock tube is non-conventional with a non-uniform cross-section and features a driver section with a smaller diameter than the driven section. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– Computations were carried out based on the finite volume approach and the AUSM+ flux-differencing scheme. The adaptive mesh refinement algorithm was applied to the time-dependent flow fields to accurately capture and resolve the shock and contact discontinuities as well as the very fine scales associated with the viscous effects. The incorporation of a conjugate heat transfer model enhanced the credibility of the results.Findings– The shock-tube model is validated with simulation of the bifurcation phenomenon and with experimental data. The model is shown to be capable of accurately simulating the shock and expansion wave propagations and reflections as well as the flow non-uniformities behind the reflected shock wave as a result of reflected shock/boundary layer interaction or bifurcation. The pressure profiles behind the reflected shock wave agree with the experimental results.Originality/value– This paper presents one of the first studies to model the entire flow field history of a non-uniform diameter shock tube with a conjugate heat transfer model beginning from the bursting of the diaphragm while simultaneously resolving the fine features of the reflected shock-boundary layer interaction and the post-shock region near the end-wall, at conditions useful for chemical kinetics experiments. An important discovery from this study is the possible existence of hot spots in the end-wall region that could lead to early non-homogeneous ignition events. More experimental and numerical work is needed to quantify the hot spots.
A new operational matrix method based on the Bernstein polynomials for solving the backward inverse heat conduction problems
Authors: Rostamy Davood , Karimi Kobra 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel approach based on the high-order matrix derivative of the Bernstein basis and collocation method and its employment to solve an interesting and ill-posed model in the heat conduction problems, homogeneous backward heat conduction problem (BHCP).

Design/methodology/approach
– By using the properties of the Bernstein polynomials the problems are reduced to an ill-conditioned linear system of equations. To overcome the unstability of the standard methods for solving the system of equations an efficient technique based on the Tikhonov regularization technique with GCV function method is used for solving the ill-condition system.

Findings
– The presented numerical results through table and figures demonstrate the validity and applicability and accuracy of the technique.

Originality/value
– A novel method based on the high-order matrix derivative of the Bernstein basis and collocation method is developed and well-used to obtain the numerical solutions of an interesting and ill-posed model in heat conduction problems, homogeneous BHCP with high accuracy.
3-D periodic CFD model of the heating system in a coke oven battery
Authors: Smolka Jacek , Fic Adam , J. Nowak Andrzej , Kosyrczyk Ludwik 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a 3-D fully transient numerical model of the heat and fluid flow associated with the chemical reactions that occur in the heating system of the coke oven battery. As a result, the model can be used to provide data for the control system of the battery to reduce energy consumption and emissions and to obtain a product of the desired quality.

Design/methodology/approach
– In the proposed model, an accurate representation of the heating flue geometry, the volumetric heat sources as a result of the coke oven gas combustion, the temperature- and mole fraction-dependent properties of the gases were taken into account. The most important part of the model was the unsteady boundary condition definition that allowed the modeling of the periodic heat delivery to the two oven heating walls, both in the coking and the reversion cycles.

Findings
– The temperatures obtained using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model showed the same pattern of temperature variations as that observed in the experiments. It was also found that the quality of the temperature variation predictions was highly dependent on the radiation model settings.

Originality\value
– The CFD models available in the literature describe the steady or pseudo-steady state operation of the heating system of the coke oven battery. The model developed in this work fully reflects the unsteady character of this heating system. Moreover, the proposed model is prepared for coupling with a model of the coking process that occurs in the two neighboring coke oven chambers.
CFD flow analysis in the centrifugal vortex pump
Authors: Mihalić Tihomir , Guzović Zvonimir , Predin Andrej 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– Aging of the oil wells leads to a decrease in reservoir pressure and also to an increase in the water, gas and abrasive particles content. Therefore, there is a need for the oil pumps exploitation characteristics improvements. This paper aims to generate a valuable numerical model which will provide a useful tool to study various cases.

Design/methodology/approach
– Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the generation of so-called coherent structures of eddies and turbulence in the peripheral area of the vortex rotor mounted at the back side of centrifugal rotor was undertaken. After detailed analysis of the influence of the used turbulence models on the results, a hybrid turbulent model Detached Eddies Simulation (DES) was chosen as the most suitable.

Findings
– Numerical control volume method with unsteady solver and DES turbulence model was proven to be valuable tool for flow analysis in the centrifugal pumps. Having in mind that DES turbulence model consumes much less computational time than large eddies turbulence model, this is a very useful fact that resulted from this research.

Practical implications
– The proven numerical model is robust and reliable enough to become a standard method in simulating flow and other physical phenomena occurring in centrifugal pumps and similar turbo machines. This makes it possible to easily research different factors that influence their performances.

Originality/value
– Comprehensive experimental and CFD study was performed which made it possible to conduct detailed validation and verification of described CFD model.
A combination of Crouzeix-Raviart, Discontinuous Galerkin and MPFA methods for buoyancy-driven flows
Authors: Younes Anis , Makradi Ahmed , Zidane Ali , Shao Qian , Bouhala Lyazid 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient non-iterative model combining advanced numerical methods for solving buoyancy-driven flow problems.

Design/methodology/approach
– The solution strategy is based on two independent numerical procedures. The Navier-Stokes equation is solved using the non-conforming Crouzeix-Raviart (CR) finite element method with an upstream approach for the non-linear convective term. The advection-diffusion heat equation is solved using a combination of Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) and Multi-Point Flux Approximation (MPFA) methods. To reduce the computational time due to the coupling, the authors use a non-iterative time stepping scheme where the time step length is controlled by the temporal truncation error.

Findings
– Advanced numerical methods have been successfully combined to solve buoyancy-driven flow problems on unstructured triangular meshes. The accuracy of the results has been verified using three test problems: first, a synthetic problem for which the authors developed a semi-analytical solution; second, natural convection of air in a square cavity with different Rayleigh numbers (103-108); and third, a transient natural convection problem of low Prandtl fluid with horizontal temperature gradient in a rectangular cavity.

Originality/value
– The proposed model is the first to combine advanced numerical methods (CR, DG, MPFA) for buoyancy-driven flow problems. It is also the first to use a non-iterative time stepping scheme based on local truncation error control for such coupled problems. The developed semi analytical solution based on Fourier series is also novel.
Leveraging the power of online social networks: a contingency approach
Authors: Fen Crystal Yap Sheau , Kwai Choi Lee Christina 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine online community loyalty through an extension of the theory of planned behaviour by incorporating motivational drivers of enjoyment and compatibility and the moderating role of consumer traits.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected using an online survey of 382 Facebook users in Malaysia. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the hypothesised relationships.

Findings
– Findings reveal that individuals’ attitude towards social network usage is associated with three factors: social influence, compatibility and enjoyment; attitude and usage behaviour are the determinants of online community loyalty. In addition, moderating effects are found in innovativeness and social network user experience.

Research limitations/implications
– Generalisation of the results to other contexts or populations should be made with caution given the study's focus on Facebook and its use of non-probability sampling. Future research can cross-validate or extend the theoretical model across different samples and/or virtual community settings.

Practical implications
– This study highlights the importance of designing online brand community web sites which are not only appealing and enjoyable but also acts as an outlet for its members to build upon their experiences and showcase their innovativeness.

Originality/value
– This research contributes to a better understanding of how personal factors can either strengthen or attenuate a member's loyalty to his or her online community. The research framework developed in this study can serve as a springboard for future research to examine other virtual community engagement such as blogging, online advertising and online public relation activities.
Knowledge sharing and competitive intelligence
Authors: Luu Tuan 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– This research excursion through shipping companies in Vietnam sought to investigate whether organizational culture, ethics, and emotional intelligence influence knowledge sharing, which in turn enhances competitive intelligence scanning. This paper aims to discuss the above issue.Design/methodology/approach– In total, 401 responses returned from self-administered structured questionnaires relayed to 635 middle level managers were processed through structural equation modeling approach to test hypotheses.Findings– Knowledge sharing was proved to positively relate to clan, market, or adhocracy culture, ethics of care, and high level of emotional intelligence. Knowledge sharing also shows a positive effect on competitive intelligence scanning.Originality/value– For competitive intelligence scanning to be effective, knowledge should be shared among organizational members, which necessitates the three building blocks: supportive knowledge sharing culture (clan, market, or adhocracy culture), ethics or care, and heightened emotional intelligence.