bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt Carbonyl‐Based Catalyst for Hydrosilylation of Carboxamides.
Authors: Dombray Thomas , Helleu Camille , Darcel Christophe , Sortais Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: April 2014

AbstractCommercially available octacarbonyldicobalt can be used in low catalytic loading for the chemoselective reduction of tertiary amides in the presence of silane reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Aldehydes with Hydrosilanes in the Presence of Pivalic Anhydride.
Authors: Fujihara Tetsuaki , Cong Cong , Terao Jun , Tsuji Yasushi 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA palladium catalyst system that allows the reduction of carboxylic acids to the corresponding aldehydes with hydrosilanes as reducing agent and pivalic anhydride as an indispensable reagent is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Convenient Base‐Catalyzed Approach to Disubstituted Epidithiodiketopiperazines.
Authors: Sil Bruno C. , Hilton Stephen T. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe DMAP‐catalyzed three component reaction of diacetoxycyanide (I) with amines and mercaptan (III) provides the precursors (IV) which can be converted to the novel title compounds (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Reactivity of Electron‐Rich Aryl Iodides in the Heck Arylation of Disubstituted Alkenes Catalyzed by Palladium—Arylurea Complexes.
Authors: Smith Matthew R. , Jang Young Jin , Kim Jung Yun , Ciufolini Marco A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe presented procedure gives access to a broad scope of arylated enones and crotonic systems with reasonable yields by employment of a relative simple catalytic system compared to common protocols.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Alkylation of Aryl‐ and Alkenylsilanes Activated by Intramolecular Coordination of an Alkoxide.
Authors: Tsubouchi Akira , Muramatsu Daisuke , Takeda Takeshi 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe copper(I)‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of alkenyl‐ and arylsilanes with primary alkyl iodides as well as allylic and benzylic halides as electrophilic coupling partners is realized by intramolecular activation through alkoxide coordination.
ChemInform Abstract: Axially Chiral Dicarboxylic Acid Catalyzed Activation of Quinone Imine Ketals: Enantioselective Arylation of Enecarbamates.
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Nakatsu Hiroki , Takiguchi Yuka , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe first asymmetric organocatalyzed synthesis of α‐amino‐β‐aryl ethers from quinine imine ketals and enecarbamates is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Reductive Amination of Boron‐Containing Aryl‐Ketones Using ω‐Transaminases.
Authors: Reis Joel S. , Simon Robert C. , Kroutil Wolfgang , Andrade Leandro H. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe asymmetric reductive amination of aryl methyl ketones containing boron substituents in the arene group is developed employing lypophilized E.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Trimethylaluminum to β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Ketoamides: Efficient Access to γ‐Methyl‐Substituted Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Goncalves‐Contal Sylvie , Gremaud Ludovic , Alexakis Alexandre 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe asymmetric addition of AlMe3 to β,γ‐unsaturated α‐ketoamides affords 1,4‐adducts with perfect 1,4‐regioselectivity and good to excellent yields and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: I2‐Catalyzed Direct α‐Hydroxylation of β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with Atmospheric Oxygen under Photoirradiation.
Authors: Miao Chun‐Bao , Wang Yan‐Hong , Xing Meng‐Lei , Lu Xin‐Wei , Sun Xiao‐Qiang , Yang Hai‐Tao 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title procedure for the metal free direct oxygenation of 1,3‐dicarbonyls shows a wide applicability to different substrates and excellent functional group tolerability.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Diaryl Sulfone Synthesis Exploiting the Sulfur Dioxide Surrogate DABSO.
Authors: Emmett Edward J. , Hayter Barry R. , Willis Michael C. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe three‐component palladium‐catalyzed coupling of aryl lithium compounds, sulfur dioxide, and aryl, heteroaryl, and alkenyl halides yields a diverse library of sulfones.
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazolium Supported Palladium—Chloroglycine Complex: Recyclable Catalyst for Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Karthikeyan Parasuraman , Vanitha Arumugam , Radhika Pachaiappan , Suresh Kannan , Sugumaran Arunachalam 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title complex catalyzes the coupling reaction between aryl bromides (I) and phenyl boronic acid (II) in an ionic liquid and in the absence of an organic co‐solvent better than most of the reported catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 1,7,8‐Trifluoro‐2‐naphthol via DMAP Catalyzed Cycloaromatization.
Authors: Araki Keisuke , Katagiri Tomohiro , Inoue Munenori 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title compound (IX), an important synthetic precursor for liquid crystal compounds, is obtained in six steps starting from 4‐bromo‐1,2‐difluorobenzene (I) in 51% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Iminoesters Derived from D‐Glyceraldehyde in [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions. Asymmetric Synthesis of a Key Intermediate in the Synthesis of Neuramidinase Inhibitors.
Authors: Galvez Jose A. , Diaz‐de‐Villegas Maria D. , Alias Miriam , Badorrey Ramon 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title asymmetric [2 + 3] cycloaddition is endo‐selective by using AgOAc as a catalyst and exo‐selective by using CuOAc as a catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene—Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Carboheterofunctionalization of Alkenes with Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Zhu Shifa , Ye Lijuan , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA novel gold‐catalyzed intramolecular amino‐ or oxyarylation reaction of a wide range of alkene substrates such as amines, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and ureas is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Stereochemistry of New 1,3‐Thiazolidine Systems Based on 2‐Amino‐2‐(mercaptomethyl)propane‐1,3‐diol: 4,4‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)‐1,3‐thiazolidines and c‐5‐Hydroxymethyl‐3‐oxa‐7‐thia‐r‐1‐azabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes.
Authors: Morar Cristina , Sacalis Carmen , Lameiras Pedro , Soran Albert , Khartabil Hassan , Antheaume Cyril , Bratu Ioan , Moldovan Oana , Darabantu Mircea 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe new class of 2‐aryl‐4,4,‐bis(hydroxymethyl)‐1,3‐thiazolidines (III) is investigated by NMR and IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile, Efficient and Diastereoselective Synthesis of α‐Hydrazine Tetrazoles Through a Novel One‐Pot Four‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Ramezanpour Sorour , Balalaie Saeed , Rominger Frank , Alavijeh Nahid S. , Bijanzadeh Hamid Reza 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title tetrazole derivatives are obtained by a new Ugi four‐component reaction of hydrazides (I), cyclic ketones (II), trimethylsilyl azide, and the corresponding isocyanide without any catalyst in a one‐pot procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Catalyzed Schmittel Cycloisomerization of o‐Phenylenediyne‐Linked Bis(arenol)s to Indeno[1,2‐c]chromenes.
Authors: Furusawa Masaki , Arita Kosuke , Imahori Tatsushi , Igawa Kazunobu , Tomooka Katsuhiko , Irie Ryo 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe present cycloisomerization of (I) to (II) proceeds under transition metal‐free basic conditions involving a domino sequence of the prototropic rearrangement into a putative vinylidene o‐quinone methide intermediate and subsequent formal inverse‐electron‐demand hetero Diels—Alder cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Free Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Trisubstituted Cyclic Allyl Bromides Using Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Grassi David , Alexakis Alexandre 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA regio‐ and enantioselective method for the preparation of alkyl‐, allyl‐substituted benzothiopyran and tetralone derivatives is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: CuI‐Catalyzed C1‐Alkynylation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) by A3 Reaction with Tunable Iminium Ions.
Authors: Zheng Qin‐Heng , Meng Wei , Jiang Guo‐Jie , Yu Zhi‐Xiang 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIt is proposed, that the reaction of tetrahydroisoquinoline with aromatic aldehydes provide exo‐iminium ions, which isomerize to endo‐iminium ions.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of β‐Lactam Carbenes with 3,6‐Di(2‐pyrimidinyl)tetrazine: Regulating Products by Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Yan Cai‐Xia , Zhao Yuan , Wang Xiao‐Rong , Cheng Ying 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe reaction of β‐lactam carbenes with tetrazine (II) is controlled by the reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed [3 + 3] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides with Azomethine Imines.
Authors: Guo Hongchao , et al. et al. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe asymmetric [3 + 3] cycloaddition of azomethine ylides derived from imines (I) with azomethine imines in the presence of a chiral ferrocenylphosphine—copper catalyst affords highly functionalized triazine derivatives in high yield with excellent enantio‐ and diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral 7‐Ring O‐ and N‐Heterocycles by a One‐Pot Nitro‐Michael—Cyclization Tandem Reaction
Authors: Rohlmann Renate , Daniliuc Constantin‐Gabriel , Mancheno Olga Garcia 
Published: April 2014

Abstractcatalyzed by a bifunctional thiourea‐cinchona organocatalyst
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Step Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Calyxamines A (I) and B (II).
Authors: Meza‐Leon Roas‐L. , Davila‐Garcia Alvaro , Sartillo‐Piscil Fernando , Quintero Leticia , Rivadeneyra Matha Sosa , Cruz‐Gregorio Silvano 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe inhibitory activity of Calyxamine B (II) on acetylcholinesterase is comparable to the natural inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Stereospecific C—C Bond Formation of β‐Lactams.
Authors: Pawar Sachin A. , Alapour Saba , Khanyase Sibusiso , Cele Zamani E. D. , Chitti Srinivas , Kruger Hendrik G. , Govender Thavendran , Arvidsson Per I. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNovel carbapenam derivatives are prepared through organocatalyzed aldol, Mannich and Michael C—C bond forming reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Prodelphinidin B1, B2, and B4 and Their Antitumor Activities Against Human PC‐3 Prostate Cancer Cell Lines.
Authors: Fujii Wataru , Toda Kazuya , Matsumoto Kiriko , Kawaguchi Koichiro , Kawahara Sei‐ichi , Hattori Yasunao , Fujii Hiroshi , Makabe Hidefumi 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared via Lewis acid‐mediated equimolar condensation of a gallocatechin and/or epigallocatechin nucleophile with gallocatechin and/or epigallocatechin electrophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: 25th Anniversary Article: MXenes: A New Family of Two‐Dimensional Materials
Authors: Naguib Michael , Mochalin Vadym N. , Barsoum Michel W. , Gogotsi Yury 
Published: April 2014

AbstractReview: MXenes: early transition metal carbides or carbonitrides resulting from the selective removal of the A element from ternary carbides called MAX phases like Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC2, or Ta4AlC3; 70 refs.
Research and Application of Three‐Dimensional Density Interface Inversion
Authors: Juan FENG , Xiao‐Hong MENG , Zhao‐Xi CHEN , Lei SHI , Yue WU , Zhen‐Jun FAN 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBased on the Fourier transform, the Parker‐Oldenburg algorithm in the frequency domain was extended to the three‐dimensional case in which the density changes with depth. From this, a gravity interface inversion formula was derived in which the assumed density varies laterally and vertically. Iterative convergence is assured by fixing a particular depth as the datum plane below the surface to reduce the interface fluctuation. The results of an example of synthetic gravity data indicate that the proposed method has high precision and rapid convergence, with high practical value for the inversion of density interfaces. This method was also used to determine the Moho depth beneath northern China. The results were verified by seismic sounding data.
Estimating Penetration Depth of the CHTEM‐I System by the Diffusive Electric Field Method
Authors: Bin CHEN , Li‐Feng MAO , Guang‐Ding LIU 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPenetration depth is one of key technical parameters in the airborne time‐domain electromagnetic system (ATEM), which plays an important role in system design as well as data interpretation. When the difference of conductivity between the target layer and host rock is small or the anomaly response of the target layer is not obvious, the conventional method for estimating penetration depth is no longer applicable. To overcome this drawback, this study suggests a new approach. It simulates the diffusion processes of the induced electric field in a uniform half‐space model or a layering model and determines the transient position of the field with the largest amplitude in the subsurface. Then it defines that the depth of this position is the penetration depth of the system, where the measured response value is equal to the given noise level. Taking the China helicopter time‐domain electromagnetic system I (CHTEM‐I), developed independently by our own forces, as the example, this work presents the application of this new method. It compares calculation results under various conditions, produces relation curves of penetration depth, flight height and noise level, and explores how to enhance the penetration depth of the system. The results show that the system can probe down depth 300 m in the case that noise level is proportional to t−05 when the half‐space model has conductivity in 0.000295∼0.0422 S/m. This depth estimation method is not affected by factors such as layer thickness and magnitude of conductivity difference between the target layer and host rock, and thus very applicable. It is of significance to design including estimation of penetration depth for various time‐domain airborne electromagnetic systems.
Mechanisms of Electron Transport and Recombination in ZnO Nanostructures for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Vega‐Poot Alberto G. , Macías‐Montero Manuel , Idígoras Jesus , Borrás Ana , Barranco Angel , Gonzalez‐Elipe Agustín R. , Lizama‐Tzec Francisco I. , Oskam Gerko , Anta Juan A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractZnO is an attractive material for applications in dye‐sensitized solar cells and related devices. This material has excellent electron‐transport properties in the bulk but its electron diffusion coefficient is much smaller in mesoporous films. In this work the electron‐transport properties of two different kinds of dye‐sensitized ZnO nanostructures are investigated by small‐perturbation electrochemical techniques. For nanoparticulate ZnO photoanodes prepared via a wet‐chemistry technique, the diffusion coefficient is found to reproduce the typical behavior predicted by the multiple‐trapping and the hopping models, with an exponential increase with respect to the applied bias. In contrast, in ZnO nanostructured thin films of controlled texture and crystallinity prepared via a plasma chemical vapor deposition method, the diffusion coefficient is found to be independent of the electrochemical bias. This observation suggests a different transport mechanism not controlled by trapping and electron accumulation. In spite of the quite different transport features, the recombination kinetics, the electron‐collection efficiency and the photoconversion efficiency are very similar for both kinds of photoanodes, an observation that indicates that surface properties rather than electron transport is the main efficiency‐determining factor in solar cells based on ZnO nanostructured photoanodes.
Investigation of Dye Regeneration Kinetics in Sensitized Solar Cells by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Zhang Bingyan , Xu Xiaobao , Zhang Xiaofan , Huang Dekang , Li Shaohui , Zhang Yibo , Zhan Fang , Deng Mingzhang , He Yahui , Chen Wei , Shen Yan , Wang Mingkui 
Published: April 2014

AbstractSensitizers are responsible for the light harvesting and the charge injection in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). A fast dye‐regeneration process is necessary to obtain highly efficient DSSC devices. Herein, dye‐regeneration rates of two DSSC device types, that is, the reduction of immediately formed photo‐oxidized sensitizers (ruthenium complex C106TBA and porphyrin LD14, kox′) by iodide ions (I−) and [Co(bpy)3]2+, and the oxidation of formed photo‐reduced sensitizers (organic dye P1, kre′) by triiodide ions (I3−) and the disulfide dimer (T2) are investigated by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). We provide a thorough experimental verification of the feedback mode to compare the kinetics for dye‐regeneration by using the above mentioned mediators. The charge recombination at the dye/semiconductor/electrolyte interface is further investigated by SECM. A theoretical model is applied to interpret the current response at the tip under short‐circuit conditions, providing important information on factors that govern the dynamics of dye‐regeneration onto the dye‐sensitized heterojunction.
Collective Learning Agreements as Democratic Practice and Joint Empowerment
Authors: Coy Patrick G. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWhen decision‐making power about what happens in a classroom is rarely shared with students, hierarchies are reinforced, knowledge is static, and learning becomes passive. Learning agreements and learning contracts can undercut these dynamics, modeling democracy while promoting cooperation. Analyzing collective learning agreements in undergraduate conflict management courses, this article explores what students perceive to be productive learning methods and argues that collective learning agreements facilitate active learning, self and class governance, and shared responsibility for individual and collective success. Jointly constructing collective learning agreements disrupts traditional power relations while engendering creativity in students and professors alike.
The Other Voice in the Room: Restorative Justice Facilitators' Constructions of Justice
Authors: Paul Gregory D. , Dunlop Julia A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractRestorative justice represents an approach to managing conflict initiated by a wrongdoing that focuses on restoring the participants materially, psychologically, and relationally. Restorative interventions usually involve facilitators who act as experts in helping the parties manage their conflict restoratively. They also help participants understand how restorative justice differs from traditional justice and what restorative justice looks like. However, we lack an understanding of how facilitators conceptualize justice in the first place. Drawing on interviews with facilitators, this study identifies facilitators' justice constructions during victim‐offender conferences. Together, these constructions constitute a multidimensional, multilayered model of justice in victim‐offender conferences.
Electric Probe Measurements of the Poloidal Velocity in the Scrape‐Off Layer of ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Mehlmann F. , Costea S. , Schrittwieser R. , Naulin V. , Rasmussen J. J. , Müller H. W. , Nielsen A. H. , Vianello N. , Carralero D. , Rohde V. , Lux C. , Ionita C. , ASDEX Up‐grade Team  
Published: April 2014

AbstractA reciprocating probe head with six pins was used for localized measurements of electric fields and densities in the scrape‐off layer (SOL) of ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) up to the edge shear layer (SL) near the Last Closed Flux Surface (LCFS). The edge SL is characterized by a strong sudden change in the poloidal velocity vθ close to the separatrix. The probes were used to determine this velocity by different methods which are critically compared to each other concerning their reliability. By the first method the poloidal velocity was deduced from the radial electric field Er measured by two radially staggered probe pins, with vθ being due to the Er × Bϕ‐drift (Bϕ is the toroidal field). The two other methods utilized the cross correlation of two poloidally staggered ion‐biased probes and two poloidally staggered floating probes, respectively. In this case the time lags with maximum cross correlation were used to determine the poloidal velocity and its jump, yielding comparable results to the first method. Also the method of conditional averaging was applied to the latter signals. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Propagator Computational Method for Drift‐Diffusion Equations to Describe Plasma‐Wall Interaction
Authors: Gonzalez J. , Donoso J. M. , Conde L. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPlasmas evolve under sharp conditions such as localized currents, charge separation and absorption or emission of particles. The plasma‐wall interaction is one of these singularities. Numerical methods based upon differences usually fail under these abrupt boundary conditions leading to new spurious noise and singularities of numerical nature. Here, we extend the path‐sum integral numerical method to account for abrupt boundary conditions in plasma drift‐diffusion equations. The boundary‐path‐integral solution also shows the advantages of the smoothing affects of the diffusive short‐time propagators for unbounded domains. The proposed scheme is free of artificial numerical smoothing functions to mask sharp behaviours. This stable, robust and grid‐free algorithm is applied to test cases of plasma‐wall interaction with an advancing scheme that simultaneously copes with disparate electron and ion time scales. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The effect of driven exercise on treatment outcomes for adolescents with anorexia and bulimia nervosa
Authors: Stiles‐Shields Colleen , DclinPsy Bryony Bamford , Lock James , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study investigated the prevalence of driven exercise (DE) and its role in treatment outcome for adolescents with bulimia nervosa (BN) and anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodParticipants were 201 adolescents with an eating disorder (ED) (80 with BN and 121 with AN) presenting for outpatient treatment at two specialist clinics. All adolescents participated in one of two randomized controlled trials. Descriptive statistics were conducted to evaluate the presence and frequency of baseline DE. Exploratory hierarchical regressions were used to evaluate the effect of baseline DE on treatment outcomes.ResultsAbout 66.3% of adolescents with BN and 23.1% of adolescents with AN presented with baseline DE. The presence of baseline DE predicted significantly worse outcomes for adolescents with AN in terms of ED symptom severity (ps < .004); however, baseline DE did not significantly predict any of the evaluated outcomes for adolescents with BN (ps < .05).DiscussionThe results of this secondary exploratory data suggest that DE is prevalent for adolescents with BN and AN. However, DE may be related to different constructs for adolescents with AN than those with BN, suggesting differences in treatment needs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:392–396)