bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary quercetin on performance and cytochrome P450 expression of the cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Liu D. , Yuan Y. , Li M. , Qiu X. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractQuercetin is ubiquitous in terrestrial plants. The cotton bollwormHelicoverpa armigeraas a highly polyphagous insect has caused severe crop losses. Until now, interactions between this pest and quercetin are poorly understood at the biochemical and molecular levels. In this study, we investigated thein vivoeffects of quercetin on performance of cotton bollworm and on cytochrome P450 (P450) expression. Deleterious effects of quercetin on the performance of the cotton bollworm, including growth, survival, pupation and adult emergence were observed after oral administration of 3 and 10 mg g−1quercetin to larvae since the third instar, whereas no significant toxic effect was found at 0.1 mg g−1quercetin treatment. Piperonyl butoxide treatment enhanced the toxicity of quercetin.In vitrometabolism studies showed that quercetin was rapidly transformed by gut enzymes of fifth instar larvae of the cotton bollworm. qRT–PCR results revealed that the effect of quercetin on P450 expression was tissue- and dose-specific. Quercetin regulated P450 expression in a mild manner, and it could serve as P450 inducer (CYP337B1, CYP6B6) or repressor (CYP337B1, CYP6B7, CYP6B27, CYP9A14, CYP6AE11, and CYP4M7). These findings are important for advancing our understanding of the biochemical and molecular response of insects to plant toxins and have implications for a smart pest control.
Ade novomicrodeletion inNRXN1in a Dutch patient with mild intellectual disability, microcephaly and gonadal dysgenesis
Authors: AGHA ZEHRA , IQBAL ZAFAR , KLEEFSTRA TJITSKE , ZWEIER CHRISTIANE , PFUNDT ROLPH , QAMAR RAHEEL , VAN BOKHOVEN HANS , WILLEMSEN MARJOLEIN H. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThis report is regarding a Dutch female with microcephaly, mild intellectual disability (ID), gonadal dysgenesis and dysmorphic facial features with synophrys. Upon genotyping, an ~455 kbde novodeletion encompassing the first exon ofNRXN1was found. Bidirectional sequencing of the coding exons of theNRXN1alpha isoform was subsequently performed to investigate the possibility of a pathogenic mutation on the other allele, but we could not find any other mutation. Previously, many heterozygous mutations as well as microdeletions inNRXN1were shown to be associated with ID, autism, schizophrenia, and other psychiatric and psychotic disorders. Our results are in agreement with other reports that show thatNRXN1deletions can lead to ID, microcephaly and mild dysmorphic features. However, this is the first report of gonadal dysgenesis being associated with such deletions. It is not clear whether there is a causal relationship between theNRXN1deletion and gonadal dysgenesis, but it is of interest that theFSHRgene, which encodes the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor causative correlation that is mutated in ovarian dysgenesis, is located proximal to theNRXN1gene. Given that most of the females carryingNRXN1deletions have been diagnosed at a prepubertal age, gynecologic screening of female carriers of aNRXN1deletion is warranted.
Source investigation of two outbreaks of skin and soft tissue infection byMycobacterium abscessussubsp.abscessusin Venezuela
Authors: TORRES-COY J. A. , RODRÍGUEZ-CASTILLO B. A , PÉREZ-ALFONZO R. , DE WAARD J. H. 
Published: October 2015

SUMMARYOutbreaks of soft tissue or skin infection due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria are reported frequently in scientific journals but in general the infection source in these outbreaks remains unknown. In Venezuela, in two distinct outbreaks, one after breast augmentation surgery and another after hydrolipoclasy therapy, 16 patients contracted a soft tissue infection due toMycobacterium abscessussubsp.abscessus.Searching for the possible environmental infection sources in these outbreaks, initially the tap water (in the hydrolipoclasy therapy outbreak) and a surgical skin marker (in the breast implant surgery outbreak), were identified as the infection sources. Molecular typing of the strains with a variable number tandem repeat typing assay confirmed the tap water as the infection source but the molecular typing technique excluded the skin marker. We discuss the results and make a call for the implementation of stringent hygiene and disinfection guidelines for cosmetic procedures in Venezuela.
Externalizing symptoms, effortful control, and intrusive parenting: A test of bidirectional longitudinal relations during early childhood
Authors: Eisenberg Nancy , Taylor Zoe E. , Widaman Keith F. , Spinrad Tracy L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAt approximately 30, 42, and 54 months of age (N= 231), the relations among children's externalizing symptoms, intrusive maternal parenting, and children's effortful control (EC) were examined. Both intrusive parenting and low EC have been related to psychopathology, but children's externalizing problems and low EC might affect the quality of parenting and one another. Mothers’ intrusive behavior with their children was assessed with observations, children's EC was measured with mothers’ and caregivers’ reports, and children's externalizing symptoms were assessed with mothers’, fathers’, and caregivers’ reports. In a structural equation panel model, bidirectional relations between intrusive parenting and EC were found: EC at 30 and 42 months predicted low levels of intrusive parenting a year later, controlling for prior levels of parenting and vice versa. Moreover, high levels of children's externalizing problems at both 30 and 42 months negatively predicted EC a year later, controlling for prior levels of EC. Although externalizing problems positively predicted high EC over time, this appeared to be a suppression effect because these variables had a strong negative pattern in the zero-order correlations. Moreover, when controlling for the stability of intrusive parenting, EC, and externalizing (all exhibited significant stability across time) and the aforementioned cross-lagged predictive paths, EC and externalizing problems were still negatively related within the 54-month assessment. The findings are consistent with the view that children's externalizing behavior undermines their EC and contributes to intrusive mothering and that relations between intrusive parenting and EC are bidirectional across time. Thus, interventions that focus on modifying children's externalizing problems (as well as the quality of parenting) might affect the quality of parenting they receive and, hence, subsequent problems with adjustment.
The hand of Homo naledi
Authors: Kivell Tracy L. , Deane Andrew S. , Tocheri Matthew W. , Orr Caley M. , Schmid Peter , Hawks John , Berger Lee R. , Churchill Steven E. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA nearly complete right hand of an adult hominin was recovered from the Rising Star cave system, South Africa. Based on associated hominin material, the bones of this hand are attributed toHomo naledi. This hand reveals a long, robust thumb and derived wrist morphology that is shared with Neandertals and modern humans, and considered adaptive for intensified manual manipulation. However, the finger bones are longer and more curved than in most australopiths, indicating frequent use of the hand during life for strong grasping during locomotor climbing and suspension. These markedly curved digits in combination with an otherwise human-like wrist and palm indicate a significant degree of climbing, despite the derived nature of many aspects of the hand and other regions of the postcranial skeleton inH. naledi.
Feasibility of long-distance heart rate monitoring using transmittance photoplethysmographic imaging (PPGI)
Authors: Amelard Robert , Scharfenberger Christian , Kazemzadeh Farnoud , Pfisterer Kaylen J. , Lin Bill S. , Clausi David A. , Wong Alexander 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPhotoplethysmography (PPG) devices are widely used for monitoring cardiovascular function. However, these devices require skin contact, which restricts their use to at-rest short-term monitoring. Photoplethysmographic imaging (PPGI) has been recently proposed as a non-contact monitoring alternative by measuring blood pulse signals across a spatial region of interest. Existing systems operate in reflectance mode, many of which are limited to short-distance monitoring and are prone to temporal changes in ambient illumination. This paper is the first study to investigate the feasibility of long-distance non-contact cardiovascular monitoring at the supermeter level using transmittance PPGI. For this purpose, a novel PPGI system was designed at the hardware and software level. Temporally coded illumination (TCI) is proposed for ambient correction and a signal processing pipeline is proposed for PPGI signal extraction. Experimental results show that the processing steps yielded a substantially more pulsatile PPGI signal than the raw acquired signal, resulting in statistically significant increases in correlation to ground-truth PPG in both short- "Equation missing" and long-distance "Equation missing" monitoring. The results support the hypothesis that long-distance heart rate monitoring is feasible using transmittance PPGI, allowing for new possibilities of monitoring cardiovascular function in a non-contact manner.
Pulsed Near-IR Photoresponse in a Bi-metal Contacted Graphene Photodetector
Authors: Cai Xinghan , Suess Ryan J. , Drew H. Dennis , Murphy Thomas E. , Yan Jun , Fuhrer Michael S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe use an ultra-fast near-infrared pulse coincidence technique to study the time, temperature and power dependence of the photoresponse of a bi-metal contacted graphene photodetector. We observe two components of the photovoltage signal. One component is gate-voltage dependent, linear in power at room temperature and sub-linear at low temperature-consistent with the hot-electron photothermoelectric effect due to absorption in the graphene. The power dependence is consistent with supercollision-dominated cooling in graphene. The other component is gate-voltage independent and linear in temperature and power, which we interpret as due to thermoelectricity of the metal electrodes due to differential light absorption.
Femtosecond X-ray absorption study of electron localization in photoexcited anatase TiO2
Authors: Santomauro F. G. , Lübcke A. , Rittmann J. , Baldini E. , Ferrer A. , Silatani M. , Zimmermann P. , Grübel S. , Johnson J. A. , Mariager S. O. , Beaud P. , Grolimund D. , Borca C. , Ingold G. , Johnson S.L. , Chergui M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTransition metal oxides are among the most promising solar materials, whose properties rely on the generation, transport and trapping of charge carriers (electrons and holes). Identifying the latter’s dynamics at room temperature requires tools that combine elemental and structural sensitivity, with the atomic scale resolution of time (femtoseconds, fs). Here, we use fs Ti K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) upon 3.49 eV (355 nm) excitation of aqueous colloidal anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles to probe the trapping dynamics of photogenerated electrons. We find that their localization at Titanium atoms occurs in <300 fs, forming Ti3+ centres, in or near the unit cell where the electron is created. We conclude that electron localization is due to its trapping at pentacoordinated sites, mostly present in the surface shell region. The present demonstration of fs hard X-ray absorption capabilities opens the way to a detailed description of the charge carrier dynamics in transition metal oxides.
Reduced cortical expression of a newly identified splicing variant of the DLG1 gene in patients with early-onset schizophrenia
Authors: Uezato A , Yamamoto N , Iwayama Y , Hiraoka S , Hiraaki E , Umino A , Haramo E , Umino M , Yoshikawa T , Nishikawa T 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe human discs, large homolog 1 gene (DLG1) is mapped to the schizophrenia-susceptibility locus 3q29, and it encodes a scaffold protein that interacts with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor presumably dysregulated in schizophrenia. In the current study, we have newly identified a splicing variant of DLG1, which is transcribed from an unreported 95-base-pair exon (exon 3b) and is labeled 3b(+). We investigated the mRNA expression of 3b(+) in the post-mortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortices of patients with psychiatric disorders, obtained from The Stanley Medical Research Institute, and examined the potential association of the expression with the genotype of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3915512 located within exon 3b. A real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that the mRNA levels of 3b(+) were significantly reduced in patients with early-onset schizophrenia (onset at <18 years old, P=0.0003) but not in those with non-early-onset schizophrenia, early-onset or non-early-onset bipolar disorder or in the controls. Furthermore, the genotype at the rs3915512 SNP was closely associated with the levels of 3b(+) mRNA expression. It is inferred that the T allele fails to meet the exonic splicing enhancer consensus, thus resulting in skipping of exon 3b, leading to the expression of 3b(−) (the previously known DLG1 variant) but not 3b(+). Because all the subjects with early-onset schizophrenia in the current study possess the T/T genotype, the reduced level of the DLG1 3b(+) transcript may be involved in the susceptibility and/or pathophysiology of early-onset schizophrenia.
Spontaneous baroreceptor reflex sensitivity for risk stratification of heart failure patients: optimal cut-off and age effects
Authors: Gouveia Sónia , Scotto Manuel G. , Pinna Gian Domenico , Maestri Roberto , La Rovere Maria Teresa , Ferreira Paulo J.S.G. 
Published: October 2015

Baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) is an important prognostic factor because a reduced BRS has been associated with an adverse cardiovascular outcome. The threshold for a ‘reduced’ BRS was established by the ATRAMI study at BRS &lt;3 ms/mmHg in patients with a previous myocardial infarction, and has been shown to improve risk assessment in many other cardiac dysfunctions. The successful application of this cut-off to other populations suggests that it may reflect an inherent property of baroreflex functioning, so our goal is to investigate whether it represents a ‘natural’ partition of BRS values. As reduced baroreflex responsiveness is also associated with ageing, we investigated whether a BRS estimate &lt;3 ms/mmHg could be the result of a process of physiological senescence as well as a sign of BRS dysfunction. This study involved 228 chronic heart failure patients and 60 age-matched controls. Our novel method combined transfer function BRS estimation and automatic clustering of BRS probability distributions, to define indicative levels of different BRS activities. The analysis produced a fit clustering (cophenetic correlation coefficient 0.9 out of 1) and identified one group of homogeneous patients (well separated from the others by 3 ms/mmHg) with an increased BRS-based mortality risk [hazard ratio (HR): 3.19 (1.73, 5.89), P&lt;0.001]. The age-dependent BRS cut-off, estimated by 5% quantile regression of log (BRS) with age (considering the age-matched controls), provides a similar mortality value [HR: 2.44 (1.37, 4.43), P=0.003]. In conclusion, the 3 ms/mmHg cut-off identifies two large clusters of homogeneous heart failure (HF) patients, thus supporting the hypothesis of a natural cut-off in the HF population. Furthermore, age was found to have no statistical impact on risk assessment, suggesting that there is no need to establish age-based cut-offs because 3 ms/mmHg optimally identifies patients at high mortality risk.
Genome-wide modeling of transcription kinetics reveals patterns of RNA production delays
Authors: Honkela Antti , Peltonen Jaakko , Topa Hande , Charapitsa Iryna , Matarese Filomena , Grote Korbinian , Stunnenberg Hendrik G. , Reid George , Lawrence Neil D. , Rattray Magnus 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Gene transcription is a highly regulated dynamic process. Delays in transcription have important consequences on dynamics of gene expression and consequently on downstream biological function. We model temporal dynamics of transcription using genome-wide time course data measuring transcriptional activity and mRNA concentration. We find a significant number of genes exhibit a long RNA processing delay between transcription termination and mRNA production. These long processing delays are more common for short genes, which would otherwise be expected to transcribe most rapidly. The distribution of intronic reads suggests that these delays are required for splicing to be completed. Understanding such delays is essential for understanding how a rapid cellular response is regulated.
NO binding kinetics in myoglobin investigated by picosecond Fe K-edge absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Silatani Mahsa , Lima Frederico A. , Penfold Thomas J. , Rittmann Jochen , Reinhard Marco E. , Rittmann-Frank Hannelore M. , Borca Camelia , Grolimund Daniel , Milne Christopher J. , Chergui Majed 
Published: October 2015

Significance
This work is the first demonstration, to our knowledge, of picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy to probe ligand binding to heme proteins in physiological media. By Fe K-edge absorption spectroscopy, we directly interrogate the active center of the protein, delivering insight into its electronic and geometric structure. In particular, we have investigated the evolution of the Fe center after photodissociation of NO from nitrosylmyoglobin (MbNO) and observed an intermediate over hundreds of picoseconds, which we propose to be the domed ligated form of MbNO that is formed on recombination of NO to the Fe atom. This work opens the way to a detailed investigation of metalloproteins using subpicosecond X-ray spectroscopy at free electron lasers.
Allowing variance may enlarge the safe operating space for exploited ecosystems
Authors: Carpenter Stephen R. , Brock William A. , Folke Carl , van Nes Egbert H. , Scheffer Marten 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Humans depend on ecosystems for food, water, pharmaceuticals, and other benefits. Ecosystem managers, industries, and the public want these benefits to be predictable and therefore have low variance over time. However, control of variance for short-term benefits leads to long-term fragility. Here we show that management to reduce short-term variability can drive ecosystems into degraded states, leading to long-term declines of ecosystem services. These risks can be avoided by strategies that tolerate variability within boundaries of safe operating spaces for ecosystem management.
A runner’s high depends on cannabinoid receptors in mice
Authors: Fuss Johannes , Steinle Jörg , Bindila Laura , Auer Matthias K. , Kirchherr Hartmut , Lutz Beat , Gass Peter 
Published: October 2015

SignificanceA runner’s high is a subjective sense of well-being some humans experience after prolonged exercise. For decades, it was hypothesized that exercise-induced endorphin release is solely responsible for a runner’s high, but recent evidence has suggested that endocannabinoids also may play a role. Here, we demonstrate that wheel running increases endocannabinoids and reduces both anxiety and sensation of pain in mice. Ablation of cannabinoid receptor 1 receptors on GABAergic neurons inhibits running-induced anxiolysis, and pharmacological blockage of central and peripheral cannabinoid receptors inhibits analgesia. We thus show for the first time to our knowledge that cannabinoid receptors are crucial for main aspects of a runner’s high.
Glycoprotein B7-H3 overexpression and aberrant glycosylation in oral cancer and immune response
Authors: Chen Jung-Tsu , Chen Chein-Hung , Ku Ko-Li , Hsiao Michael , Chiang Chun-Pin , Hsu Tsui-Ling , Chen Min-Huey , Wong Chi-Huey 
Published: October 2015

Significance
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and few therapeutic options. Here, we show that the expression of B7 Homolog 3 (B7-H3) is significantly up-regulated in the tumor tissue of OSCC patients and correlated with increased tumor size and poor survival rate. Comparing the N-glycans of B7-H3 from Ca9-22 oral cancer cells and Smulow–Glickman (SG) normal cells, we also found that the glycans of B7-H3 from Ca9-22 contain the terminal α-galactose and are more diverse with higher fucosylation and better interaction with immune cells. These findings indicate that glycoprotein B7-H3 is an important marker in oral cancer and its overexpression and aberrant glycosylation may provide a direction for the development of diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer.
The Subaru–XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS). VIII. Multi-wavelength identification, optical/NIR spectroscopic properties, and photometric redshifts of X-ray sources
Authors: Akiyama Masayuki , Ueda Yoshihiro , Watson Mike G. , Furusawa Hisanori , Takata Tadafumi , Simpson Chris , Morokuma Tomoki , Yamada Toru , Ohta Kouji , Iwamuro Fumihide , Yabe Kiyoto , Tamura Naoyuki , Moritani Yuuki , Takato Naruhisa , Kimura Masahiko , Maihara Toshinori , Dalton Gavin , Lewis Ian , Lee Hanshin , Curtis-Lake Emma , Macaulay Edward , Clarke Frazer , Silverman John D. , Croom Scott , Ouchi Masami , Hanami Hitoshi , Díaz Tello Jorge , Yoshikawa Tomohiro , Fujishiro Naofumi , Sekiguchi Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
We report on the multi-wavelength identification of the X-ray sources found in the Subaru–XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) using deep imaging data covering the wavelength range between the far-UV and mid-IR (MIR). We select a primary counterpart of each X-ray source by applying the likelihood ratio method to R-band, 3.6 μm, near-UV, and 24 μm source catalogs as well as matching catalogs of active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidates selected in 1.4 GHz radio and i ′-band variability surveys. Once candidates for Galactic stars, ultra-luminous X-ray sources in a nearby galaxy, and clusters of galaxies are removed there are 896 AGN candidates in the sample. We conduct spectroscopic observations of the primary counterparts with multi-object spectrographs in the optical and NIR; 65% of the X-ray AGN candidates are spectroscopically identified. For the remaining X-ray AGN candidates, we evaluate their photometric redshift with photometric data in 15 bands. Utilizing the multi-wavelength photometric data of the large sample of X-ray-selected AGNs, we evaluate the stellar masses, M*, of the host galaxies of the narrow-line AGNs. The distribution of the stellar mass is remarkably constant from z = 0.1 to 4.0. The relation between M* and 2–10 keV luminosity can be explained with strong cosmological evolution of the relationship between the black hole mass and M*. We also evaluate the scatter of the UV–MIR spectral energy distribution (SED) of the X-ray AGNs as a function of X-ray luminosity and absorption by the nucleus. The scatter is compared with galaxies which have redshift and stellar mass distribution matched with the X-ray AGN. The UV–NIR (near-IR) SEDs of obscured X-ray AGNs are similar to those of the galaxies in the matched sample. In the NIR–MIR range, the median SEDs of X-ray AGNs are redder, but the scatter of the SEDs of the X-ray AGN broadly overlaps that of the galaxies in the matched sample.