bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policy formation of intercultural and globally minded educational leadership preparation
Authors: Easley Jacob , Tulowitzki Pierre 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to ascertain, describe, and compare the components of existing leadership preparation programs in the USA and other countries; and to understand the policy‐based processes, challenges, and needs of support for program development for conceptualizing globally minded school leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe purpose of this paper is to ascertain, describe, and compare the components of existing leadership preparation programs in the USA and other countries; and to understand the policy‐based processes, challenges, and needs of support for program development for conceptualizing globally minded school leadership.FindingsLimited growth regarding globally minded school leader research and development can be accounted for. Furthermore the increasing internationalization of university programming to include expanded course offerings and greater opportunities of international exchanges that bring students face‐to‐face with perspectives different from those indigenous to their home cultures speaks directly to the need for a shift in leadership preparation to better address the impact of globalization and intercultural exchange on youth learning in schools.Originality/valueAn intercultural analysis of leadership preparation programs with a focus on globally minded leadership is a new endeavor. The findings can be used to inform the next generation of policy formation for twenty‐first century leadership preparation program development.
Modeling overbookings on air cargo transportation
Authors: Singhaseni Chalermkiat , Wu Yue , Ojiako Udechukwu 
Published: August 2013

PurposeIn order to hedge against fluctuation in actual “show” for air freight services, cargo airlines engage in the allocation of more space capacity than they actually have. This practice can lead to overbooking of capacity which can incur costs to the airline when a cargo does show that is larger than predicted. In this study, the authors set out to model an optimised value for air cargo booking which is tested against five different cargo case‐representative scenarios. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology which is primarily discursive utilises a synthesis of existing literature to develop a model to replicate the overbooking problem.FindingsThis paper finds that the optimised value of cargo size may not necessarily depend on the probability of actual “show”. Instead, this variation appears dependent on a random demand for larger sized cargo, and thus, price.Practical implicationsThe model which is developed serves as a potential framework for airlines to avoid uncertainty associated with cargo capacity spoilage and overbooking.Originality/valueIn this study, the passenger overbooking model under the cancellation and no‐show problems in the static single leg case was adapted for use during the modelling of air cargo overbooking.
Legal penalty for fraud and CEO turnover
Authors: Yamfo Amoah Nana 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between the size of the legal penalty for fraud and CEO turnover.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 93 securities lawsuits that were filed in the US between 1997 and 2005, logit regression is used in the analysis of the relation between probability of CEO turnover and size of the litigation monetary penalty and ordinal logit regression is used to examine the relation between timing of CEO turnover and size of the litigation monetary penalty.FindingsA positive association is documented between the size of the monetary penalty and the probability of CEO turnover. A larger monetary penalty is associated with earlier CEO turnover. Equity issue related securities lawsuit is associated with a higher probability of CEO turnover and an earlier CEO turnover.Research limitations/implicationsThe results imply that the greater the legal penalty levied on the sued firm, the more likely the CEO is considered as being complicit in the alleged fraud. A limitation of this study is that in constructing the sample, some meritorious lawsuits that may have resulted in legal penalty but were dismissed for procedural reasons were excluded. Further, the CEO turnover data did not provide sufficient information about the reason for the termination of the CEOs.Originality/valueThis is one of the first empirical studies to examine the relation between the legal penalty for fraud and CEO turnover in the period after the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. This study adds to the existing literature on the consequences of financial misreporting on managers by documenting an association between the legal penalty for fraud and CEO turnover.
What drives consumers to participate into family takaful schemes? A literature review
Authors: Md Husin Maizaitulaidawati , Ab Rahman Asmak 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– This paper aims to examine the basic determinants of consumers intention to participate in family takaful scheme using decomposed theory of planned behaviour (DTPB) and identifying relevant factors may be moderate the relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
– A comprehensive review of the DTPB literature is undertaken, with a particular focus on contribution to family takaful scheme.

Findings
– The review finds that intention toward participating in family takaful scheme is are not only affected by attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control but also influence by moderating factors like demographic variables, consumer knowledge, situational factors and consumer level of religiosity. Inhibiting factors related to insurance and takaful purchase is also highlighted.

Originality/value
– Such an extensive review on identifying relevant factors to participate in takaful using DTPB has not been done before. The paper will be useful to researchers, professionals and others concerned with family takaful to understand the importance factors in participating in family takaful scheme.
Fried foods associated health risks in Gujarati housewives
Authors: Gupta Ashima , Sheth Mini K. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeGujarati households are known for high consumption of edible oil and fried foods. However, there is lack of information on their knowledge about its use for various preparations and associated health risks. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachGuajarati housewives in the age group of 30‐65 years were surveyed from five different zones of Vadodara. Information on their knowledge about the use of edible oils and associated health risks was collected using a pre‐tested structured questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire.FindingsOnly 5 percent subjects consumed deep fried foods daily. Odds ratio showed high association (OR=4.50) between daily consumption of deep fried food and obesity. Significant association (p<0.05) and high odds ratio (5.13) were seen between daily consumption of shallow fried foods and presence of diabetes. Obesity and hypertension were seen in 54.1 and 15.8 percent subjects, respectively. About 24 percent families used hydrogenated vegetable oil (vanaspati) for cooking purposes. Butter and ghee rich in saturated fats were regularly used by most families.Practical implicationsPoor knowledge amongst the Gujarati housewives on the correct use of fats and oils in their daily diets calls for an exhaustive education program to reduce high prevalence of obesity and other co‐morbidities prevalent in this part of the country.Originality/valueThis is an original research work completed in September 2011.
Are the non‐governmental organizations' web sites effective?
Authors: Díaz Estrella , José Blázquez Juan , Molina Arturo , Martín‐Consuegra David 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis study explores non‐governmental organizations' (NGOs') web sites to determine the extent the web site facilities information quality, system quality and service quality in relation to target audiences.Design/methodology/approachIn order to evaluate the current status of information quality, system quality and service quality on the internet, the research utilizes a content analysis of an international sample of NGOs associated to United Nations.FindingsThis paper provides useful information on some international NGOs' web sites. In this line of work, results indicate that the web site offers a new communication medium with which to maximize support for NGOs and enhance business performance through higher cost‐effectiveness and a more practical manner in which to carry out their tasks. However, the results of this research show that the most web sites have an average effectiveness when communicating interactively. Additionally, this paper provides evidence of current web site effectiveness and advice for its improvement in a specific social sector.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this study is the sample size and nature because the research has only included some NGOs associated to United Nations, which may bias results. Therefore, other non‐profit organizations whose target audiences are different will be dealt with in future research.Practical implicationsThis research contributes to improving the effectiveness of NGOs' web site bidirectional communication with users, enhancing the quality of the exchange between organization and target audience.Originality/valueThis work aims to help international NGOs improve the interactivity of web site communication through practical advice. Furthermore, this study is an attempt to fill the research gap on the evaluation about the quality web site design of NGOs.
The effect of US individual investor sentiment on industry‐specific stock returns and volatility
Authors: Sayim Mustafa , Morris Pamela D. , Rahman Hamid 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis paper examines the effect of rational and irrational investor sentiment on the stock return and volatility of US auto, finance, food, oil and utility industries.Design/methodology/approachThe American Association of Individual Investors Index (AAII) is used as a proxy for US individual investor sentiment. The US market fundamentals are regressed on investor sentiment in order to capture the effect of macroeconomic risk factors on investor sentiment. Then impulse response functions (IRFs) are generated from a VAR model to investigate the effect of unanticipated movements in US investor sentiment on both industry‐specific stock return and volatility.FindingsThe results show a significant impact of investor sentiment on stock return and volatility in all the industries. We find that the positive rational component of US individual investor sentiment tends to increase the stock return in these industries. We also document that unanticipated increase in the rational component of US individual investor sentiment has a significant negative impact only on the industry volatilities of US auto and finance industries.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are based only on the 1999 – 2010 US industry‐specific stock return and volatility data and are confined to these industries.Practical implicationsThe findings of this paper can help investors to improve their asset return generating models by incorporating investor sentiment. The findings can also help policymakers to design policies that stabilize sentiment and reduce volatility and uncertainty in the stock markets.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the growing literature on behavioral finance by filling a gap and addressing the impact of investor sentiment in the various US industries.
Stuttering inhibition via altered auditory feedback during scripted telephone conversations
Authors: Hudock Daniel , Kalinowski Joseph 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundOvert stuttering is inhibited by approximately 80% when people who stutter read aloud as they hear an altered form of their speech feedback to them. However, levels of stuttering inhibition vary from 60% to 100% depending on speaking situation and signal presentation. For example, binaural presentations of delayed auditory feedback (DAF) and frequency‐altered feedback (FAF) have been shown to reduce stuttering by approximately 57% during scripted telephone conversations.AimsTo examine stuttering frequency under monaural auditory feedback with one combination of DAF with FAF (COMBO‐2) and two combinations of DAF with FAF (COMBO‐4) during scripted telephone conversations.Methods & ProceduresNine adult participants who stutter called 15 local businesses during scripted telephone conversations; each condition consisted of five randomized telephone calls. Conditions consisted of (1) baseline (i.e. non‐altered feedback), (2) COMBO‐2 (i.e. 50‐ms delay with a half octave spectral shift up), and (3) COMBO‐4 (i.e. 200‐ms delay and a half octave spectral shift down in addition to the COMBO‐2). Participants wore a supra‐aural headset with a dynamic condenser microphone while holding a receiver to their contralateral ear when making telephone calls.Outcomes & ResultsStuttering was significantly reduced during both altered auditory feedback (AAF) conditions by approximately 65%. Furthermore, a greater reduction in stuttering was revealed during the COMBO with four effects (74%) as compared with the COMBO with two effects (63%).Conclusions & ImplicationsResults from the current study support prior research reporting decreased stuttering under AAF during scripted telephone conversations. Findings that stuttering was significantly reduced to a greater extent under the COMBO with four effects condition suggest that second signals reduce stuttering along a continuum. Additionally, findings support prior research results of decreased stuttering frequency under AAF during hierarchically difficult speaking situations. Clinical application of these findings may be that people who stutter can use specific software or smartphone applications that produce second speech signals to inhibit stuttering frequency effectively during telephone conversations.
Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents regarding home economics in Tromsø, Norway
Authors: Øvrebø Else Marie 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents in Tromsø relating to nutrition; whether pupil behaviour and attitudes regarding nutrition had changed in the tenth grade compared with the eighth grade; and whether this was linked to pupils’ home economics lessons in grade 9. In total, 606 adolescents (321 boys and 285 girls) were studied on two different occasions – 2002 and 2005. A food frequency questionnaire focusing on 16 different food and beverage groups was used. It investigated knowledge and attitudes, the amounts of food items consumed and the socio‐economic situation of the participants and their families.The study produced interesting findings. The boys had surprisingly low knowledge of fruit and vegetables that did not change in a positive direction, between the eighth and tenth grades. The change among the girls was very small and therefore this study concludes that the teaching of home economics had no significant influence on the pupils’ knowledge of and attitudes towards eating fruit and vegetables. The study of home economics does not appear to enhance adolescents’ skills and attitudes to the extent expected from the curriculum. But there are gender differences at both grades. Changes in the home economics course are necessary to improve children's and adolescents’ knowledge and attitudes. Increased focus on the scope and variety of teaching methods will be a key to improvement. Future research is required to understand the potential of the home economics curricula to change adolescents’ knowledge about and attitudes to home economics in Norway.
Physicochemical characterisation of eight Spanish mulberry clones: processing and fresh market aptitudes
Authors: Sánchez Eva M. , Calín‐Sánchez Ángel , Carbonell‐Barrachina Ángel A. , Melgarejo Pablo , Hernández Francisca , Martínez‐Nicolás Juan José 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe objective of this study was to evaluate and compare, for the first time, white and black mulberry species in terms of their main physicochemical characteristics in eight Spanish clones. The results showed significantly different characteristics between the black and white mulberry species. Fruit weight of mulberry species ranged from 2.10 to 4.15 g, and fruit juice yield, from 41% to 62%. Fructose (~61%) and glucose (~39%) were the predominant sugars in all mulberries. The MN1 clone displayed the highest total acidity (>2.6 g L−1), and malic acid was the most abundant organic acid (6.65 g kg−1). Cluster analysis has allowed grouping of the clones into three groups (i) MN1 and MN2; (ii) MN3 and MN4; and (iii) MA1, MA2, MA3 and MA4. Experimental results proved that Spanish mulberries have high potential for fresh consumption (attractive dark colour in Morus nigra clones, high sugars content and intense sweetness) and industrialisation (~50% juice yield, attractive juice colour, high content of crude fibre and intense sweetness). This study is also a step towards identification of this fruit as a potential healthy food, which may also be used in food industry and also have pharmaceutical interest.
Emergence of H3N2pM‐like and novel reassortant H3N1 swine viruses possessing segments derived from the A (H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus, Korea
Authors: Pascua Philippe Noriel Q. , Lim Gyo‐Jin , Kwon Hyeok‐il , Park Su‐Jin , Kim Eun‐Ha , Song Min‐Suk , Kim Chul Joong , Choi Young‐Ki 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundHuman‐to‐swine transmission of the pandemic H1N1 2009 [A(H1N1)pdm09] virus in pig populations resulted in reassortment events with endemic swine influenza viruses worldwide.ObjectiveWe investigated whether A(H1N1)pdm09‐derived reassortant viruses are present in South Korea and sought to determine the pathogenic potential of the novel swine viruses.MethodsPig lung tissues were collected from commercially slaughtered pigs. Isolated swine influenza viruses were genetically analyzed and characterized in vitro and in vivo.ResultsWe identified reassortant H3N2 (H3N2pM‐like) and H3N1 swine viruses containing A(H1N1)pdm09‐like segments in Korean pigs that are genetically closely related to strains recently detected in pigs and humans in North America. Although the H3N2pM‐like and novel H3N1 reassortants demonstrated efficient replication in mice and ferrets, all the H3N1 strains exhibited growth advantage over the representative H3N2pM‐like virus in human airway cells. Interestingly, A/swine/Korea/CY02‐07/2012(H3N1) and A/swine/Korea/CY03‐13/2012(H3N1) reassortants were more readily transmitted to respiratory‐droplet‐contact ferrets compared with the H3N2pM‐like (A/swine/Korea/CY02‐10/2012) isolate. Furthermore, serologic evaluation showed poor antigenicity to contemporary reference human seasonal H3N2 vaccine strains.ConclusionsWe report here for the first time the isolation of H3N2pM‐like viruses outside North America and of novel reassortant swine H3N1 viruses with A(H1N1)pdm09‐derived genes. Apart from further complicating the genetic diversity of influenza A viruses circulating in domestic pigs, our data also indicate that these strains could potentially pose threat to public health asserting the need for continuous virus monitoring in these ecologically important hosts.
Prescription drug diversion among substance‐impaired pharmacists
Authors: Merlo Lisa J. , Cummings Simone M. , Cottler Linda B. 
Published: August 2013

Background and ObjectivesPrescription drug addiction is a significant problem affecting healthcare professionals. The purpose of the present study was to identify common mechanisms of prescription drug diversion by pharmacists, in order to facilitate the development of effective prevention programs and policies for this high‐risk group.MethodsA total of 32 pharmacists (71% male) who were being monitored by their State professional health program (PHP) due to substance‐related impairment participated in anonymous guided group discussions.ResultsParticipants documented six primary methods of drug diversion by pharmacists: (1) taking expired drugs that can no longer be sold by the pharmacy and are awaiting disposal; (2) assuming responsibility for managing the pharmacy inventory and/or changing inventory records to prevent detection of missing drugs; (3) forging prescriptions for themselves, family members, friends, or customers in order to gain access to the drugs; (4) using “sleight of hand” techniques to acquire drugs while filling prescriptions or shelving products; (5) blatantly stealing drugs from the pharmacy, even in front of coworkers or video cameras, and (6) collecting patients' unused medications and keeping them.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceEfforts to address the problem of prescription drug abuse and diversion by pharmacists should be expanded in order to safeguard pharmacies and the patients they serve. Future research should extend this study to larger samples and assess best practices for decreasing prescription drug diversion by pharmacists with addiction. (Am J Addict 2014;23:123–128)
“A friend of mine, in the [impaired professionals monitoring] program was also a pharmacist and he does stand‐up comedy on the side. He's a funny guy, but in his routine he says, ‘I'm a pharmacist. Unlike most people, I love to go into work!”’–Study participant
Resistance to Privatization: Why Protest Movements Succeed and Fail in Latin America
Authors: Kingstone Peter , Young Joseph K. , Aubrey Rebecca 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWhy do some protest movements in Latin America succeed in rolling back privatizations while others fail? This article argues that protests against privatizations have tended to succeed under two conditions. First, privatization’s opponents form linkages (or “brokerage”) across multiple sectors of society. Broad coalitions are more likely to achieve their goals, while groups acting alone, such as labor unions, are more easily defeated or ignored by governments. Second, civil rights are protected but political representation is weak. In that case, opponents have the legal right to protest, but are unlikely to have opportunities for communicating their concerns through formal institutions, which prompts them to channel their demands outside of existing political institutions. Using case examples and logistic regression, this study confirms these arguments and discusses the implications for democracy in the region.
Unusual forms of alopecia areata in a Trichology Unit
Authors: Priego‐Recio C.M. , Rodríguez‐Pichardo A. , Camacho‐Martínez F.M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundAlopecia areata (AA) occurs with the apparition of asyntomatic non inflamatory alopecia plaques without scars. We distinguish several variants which are divided into two groups: typical forms (AA in single or multiple plaques) and atypical forms (by its presentation, evolution or paradoxical regrowth).Objetives and methodsWe describe the cases of AA treated in our Trichology Unit between January 2000 and December 2011.ResultsWe obtained 488 cases of AA. 114 (23.36%) were unusual form of AA or had paradoxical regrowth. The most common unusual form of AA was sisaipho type (7.37%), followed by AA for black and blonde hair (5.32%), atypical diffuse forms (4.30%), androgenetic alopecia type and (3.89%) and AA rectangular occipital (0.68%). Furthermore, we found nine cases of paradoxical regrowth (1.84%).ConclusionsAtypical variants of AA in our series are less than 25% of all cases, although it should be noted that since it is a specialized unit, we may be making a selection bias to be more difficult to diagnose cases or poor outcome.