bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver X receptors alpha gene (NR1H3) promoter polymorphisms are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in Koreans
Authors: Jeon Ja-Young , Nam Jin-Young , Kim Hyoun-Ah , Park Yong-Beom , Bae Sang-Cheol , Suh Chang-Hee 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Liver X receptors are established sensors of lipid and cholesterol homeostasis. Recent studies have reported that these receptors are involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses. We attempted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the NR1H3 gene associated with the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods
SNPs were genotyped using SNaPSHOT assay in 300 Korean patients with SLE and 217 normal controls (NC), and in replication samples (160 SLE patients and 143 NC). Also, the functional effects of NR1H3 gene promoter polymorphisms were analyzed using a luciferase assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, B cell proliferation assay and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.

Results
We identified five polymorphisms: -1851 T > C (rs3758673), -1830 T > C (rs3758674), -1003 G > A (new), -840 C > A (rs61896015) and -115 G > A (rs12221497). There was a significant and reproducible difference in the -1830 T > C, -1003 G > A and -115 G > A polymorphisms between the SLE and the NC. Luciferase activity of the structure containing -1830 C was less enhanced compared to the structure containing -1830 T in basal, GW3965 and T0901317 treated Hep3B cells (P = 0.009, P = 0.034 and P <0.001, respectively). Proliferation of the -1830 TC type was increased compared to the -1830 TT type in basal, GW3965 and T0901317 treated B cells from SLE patients (P = 0.011, P = 0.040 and P = 0.017, respectively). Transcription factor GATA-3 preferentially bound the -1830 T allele in the promoter.

Conclusions
NR1H3 genetic polymorphisms may be associated with disease susceptibility and clinical manifestations of SLE. Specifically, -1830 T > C polymorphism within NR1H3 promoter region may be involved in regulation of NR1H3 expression.
Inflammation programs self-reactive CD8+ T cells to acquire T-box-mediated effector function but does not prevent deletional tolerance
Authors: Jackson Stephanie R , Yuan Jinyun , Berrien-Elliott Melissa M , Chen Collin L , Meyer Jennifer M , Donlin Maureen J , Teague Ryan M 
Published: May 2014

AbstractCD8+ T cells must detect foreign antigens and differentiate into effector cells to eliminate infections. But, when self-antigen is recognized instead, mechanisms of peripheral tolerance prevent acquisition of effector function to avoid autoimmunity. These distinct responses are influenced by inflammatory and regulatory clues from the tissue environment, but the mechanism(s) by which naive T cells interpret these signals to generate the appropriate immune response are unclear. The identification of the molecules operative in these cell-fate decisions is crucial for developing new treatment options for patients with cancer or autoimmunity, where manipulation of T cell activity is desired to alter the course of disease. With the use of an in vivo murine model to examine CD8+ T cell responses to healthy self-tissue, we correlated self-tolerance with a failure to induce the T-box transcription factors T-bet and Eomes. However, inflammation associated with acute microbial infection induced T-bet and Eomes expression and promoted effector differentiation of self-reactive T cells under conditions that normally favor tolerance. In the context of a Listeria infection, these functional responses relied on elevated T-bet expression, independent of Eomes. Alternatively, infection with LCMV induced higher Eomes expression, which was sufficient in the absence of T-bet to promote effector cytokine production. Our results place T-box transcription factors at a molecular crossroads between CD8+ T cell anergy and effector function upon recognition of peripheral self-antigen, and suggest that inflammation during T cell priming directs these distinct cellular responses.
Technical Advance: Liposomal alendronate depletes monocytes and macrophages in the nonhuman primate model of human disease
Authors: Burwitz Benjamin J , Reed Jason S , Hammond Katherine B , Ohme Merete A , Planer Shannon L , Legasse Alfred W , Ericsen Adam J , Richter Yoram , Golomb Gershon , Sacha Jonah B 
Published: May 2014

AbstractNonhuman primates are critical animal models for the study of human disorders and disease and offer a platform to assess the role of immune cells in pathogenesis via depletion of specific cellular subsets. However, this model is currently hindered by the lack of reagents that safely and specifically ablate myeloid cells of the monocyte/macrophage Lin. Given the central importance of macrophages in homeostasis and host immunity, development of a macrophage-depletion technique in nonhuman primates would open new avenues of research. Here, using LA at i.v. doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg, we show a &gt;50% transient depletion of circulating monocytes and tissue-resident macrophages in RMs by an 11-color flow cytometric analysis. Diminution of monocytes was followed rapidly by emigration of monocytes from the bone marrow, leading to a rebound of monocytes to baseline levels. Importantly, LA was well-tolerated, as no adverse effects or changes in gross organ function were observed during depletion. These results advance the ex vivo study of myeloid cells by flow cytometry and pave the way for in vivo studies of monocyte/macrophage biology in nonhuman primate models of human disease.
Lyrical Philosophy, or How to Sing with Mind
Authors: Epstein Mikhail 
Published: May 2014

The article suggests that, contrary to widespread opinions and standard encyclopedic definitions, philosophy is a domain not only of thoughts and ideas but also of feelings. Philosophy as (etymologically) love for wisdom includes emotions in both of its components. Among the many various feelings that we experience, there is a discrete group that, thanks to their involvement with universals, may be regarded as philosophical. Wonder, grief, compassion, tenderness, hope, despair, and delight are philosophical if they are experienced on behalf of humankind and addressed to the world as a whole. The vocation of philosophy is to expand the realm of feelings through the generalizing capacity of the reason, so that love, joy, and pain can be experienced in a noble way, on a maximally global scale, not reducible to private or practical situations. Emotions of philosophical cast affect the world more powerfully than metaphysical ideas and logical propositions. Revolutions are driven less by ideas than by philosophical wrath, exasperation with the existing order of things, and the feeling that the world is unjust.
It is in this context that Epstein's essay defines the genre of lyric philosophy as a direct self-expression of the thinking subject in the process of attaining self-cognition — as represented, for instance, in the work of Augustine, Montaigne, Kierkegaard, Emerson, and Nietzsche. Philosophical subjecthood as a means of self-expression for the transcendental subject (in the Kantian sense) should be distinguished from the purely personal subjectivity inherent to empirical individuals, in the same way and to the same extent as philosophical feelings should be distinguished from mundane ones experienced in everyday situations. Since the subject focused on itself is essential to lyricism, we may even speak of the generic, inescapable lyricism of philosophy per se.
Hacer televisión desde la comunicación, propuesta de rediseño de la identidad visual corporativa de Telecubanacán
Authors: Torres Figueroa Oneibys , Díaz-Guzmán Corrales Kirk 
Published: May 2014

La presente investigación se desarrolló en el telecentro provincial “Telecubanacán”, del Sistema de la Televisión Cubana, con el objetivo de proponer el diseño de su identidad visual a partir de identificar los elementos que contribuyan a formar la imagen deseada. El estudio se abordó desde la metodología cualitativa y el método investigación-acción, desde abril de 2009 a mayo de 2010. Las técnicas de investigación empleadas fueron: análisis de documentos, observaciones participantes, entrevistas semiestructuradas, sesiones grupales y briefing operativo. Consejo de Dirección, fundadores, promociones recientes de la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de la Villas en el telecentro y expertos fueron las unidades de análisis. Se expusieron puntos de vista en torno a la identidad visual corporativa y su integración a las acciones de comunicación como verdadero valor añadido, distinguiendo elementos básicos del diseño para el caso particular de la televisión. Inicialmente, fue caracterizada la identidad visual de Telecubanacán. Para la propuesta de diseño se precisaron los elementos de identidad visual necesarios, a partir de la imagen deseada de ser un telecentro de proximidad, cercano a las prácticas comunitarias y elevar su status e indicadores de prestigio, reconociéndose como un colectivo profesional. Se propuso la aplicación de la nueva identidad visual en los distintos espacios de emisión y la disposición de sus aplicaciones en la arquitectura de la organización. Ello devino un elemento integrador que los hace singulares, comunes, sinérgicos y coherentes en aras de una emisión integrada de comunicación.
Claudia Bianchi - Review of Martin Gustafsson and Richard Sørli. The Philosophy of J. L. Austin
Authors: Bianchi Claudia 
Published: May 2014

Martin Gustafsson and Richard Sørli. The Philosophy of
J. L. Austin. Oxford. Oxford University Press, 2011.
ISBN: 9780199219759
Reviewed by Claudia Bianchi
Dependence of the strength of van der Waals interactions on the details of the dielectric response variation
Authors: Hopkins Jaime C. , Dryden Daniel M. , Ching Wai-Yim , French Roger H. , Parsegian V. Adrian , Podgornik Rudolf 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTWe will present a simplified approximate model showing how even small changes in the dielectric response result in substantial variations in the Hamaker coefficient of the van der Waals interactions. Since all the terms in the Matsubara summation depends on the variation of the dielectric response spectra at one particular frequency, the total change in the Hamaker coefficient depends on the spectral changes not only at that frequency but also at the rest of the spectrum properly weighted. The Matsubara terms most affected by the addition of a single peak are not those close to the position of the added peak, but are distributed over the entire range of frequencies. We comment on the possibility of eliminating van der Waals interactions and/or drastically reducing them by spectral variation in a narrow regime of frequencies.
Revision of Nosekiella (Protura: Acerentomidae, Nipponentominae)
Authors: Shrubovych Julia , Rusek Josef , Bernard Ernest C 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Our recent reexamination of NosekiellaRusek, 1974 has shown that only the type species Nosekiella danica (Condé, 1947) and Nosekiella urasi Imadaté, 1981 should remain in this genus. Nosekiella condei (Tuxen, 1955) and Nosekiella hoogstraaliNosek, 1980 differ from N. danica and N. urasi in the number of anterior setae on the metanotum. N. condei is transferred into VesiculentomonRusek, 1974 because of its possession of four pairs of anterior setae on the metanotum and a baculiform sensilium tl. N. hoogstraali differs from both N. danica and N. urasi in having a claviform foretarsal sensilium tl, two pairs of anterior setae on metanotum, and four pairs of anterior setae, and the anterior position of P3 on tergites II-VI. N. hoogstraali is transferred into SugaentidusImadaté, 1978. The original descriptions are corrected and supplemented with new characters, including head chaetotaxy, seta length, and porotaxy.
Gut Dysbiosis and Detection of “Live Gut Bacteria” in Blood of Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sato Junko , Kanazawa Akio , Ikeda Fuki , Yoshihara Tomoaki , Goto Hiromasa , Abe Hiroko , Komiya Koji , Kawaguchi Minako , Shimizu Tomoaki , Ogihara Takeshi , Tamura Yoshifumi , Sakurai Yuko , Yamamoto Risako , Mita Tomoya , Fujitani Yoshio , Fukuda Hiroshi , Nomoto Koji , Takahashi Takuya , Asahara Takashi , Hirose Takahisa , Nagata Satoru , Yamashiro Yuichiro , Watada Hirotaka 
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE
Mounting evidence indicates that the gut microbiota are an important modifier of obesity and diabetes. However, so far there is no information on gut microbiota and “live gut bacteria” in the systemic circulation of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Using a sensitive reverse transcription–quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) method, we determined the composition of fecal gut microbiota in 50 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and 50 control subjects, and its association with various clinical parameters, including inflammatory markers. We also analyzed the presence of gut bacteria in blood samples.

RESULTS
The counts of the Clostridium coccoides group, Atopobium cluster, and Prevotella (obligate anaerobes) were significantly lower (P &lt; 0.05), while the counts of total Lactobacillus (facultative anaerobes) were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in fecal samples of diabetic patients than in those of control subjects. Especially, the counts of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus plantarum subgroups were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05). Gut bacteria were detected in blood at a significantly higher rate in diabetic patients than in control subjects (28% vs. 4%, P &lt; 0.01), and most of these bacteria were Gram-positive.

CONCLUSIONS
This is the first report of gut dysbiosis in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes as assessed by RT-qPCR. The high rate of gut bacteria in the circulation suggests translocation of bacteria from the gut to the bloodstream.
Crystallographic and structural characterization of heterometallic platinum complexes Part VI. Heterohexanuclear complexes
Authors: Melník Milan , Mikuš Peter , Holloway Clive 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This review classifies and analyzes heterohexanuclear platinum clusters into seven types of metal combinations:Pt5M, Pt4M2, Pt3M3, Pt2M4, PtM5, Pt2M3M′, and Pt2M2M2′. The crystals of these clusters generally belong to six crystal classes: monoclinic, triclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal, trigonal and cubic. Among the wide range of stereochemistry adopted by these clusters, octahedral and capped square-pyramidal are the most common. Although platinum is classified as a soft metal atom, it bonds to a variety of soft, borderline and hard metals. Nineteen different heterometal ions are involved in hexanuclear platinum clusters. The shortest Pt-M bond distance in the case of M being a non-transition element is 2.395(4) Å for germanium and for M being a transition metal ion it is 2.402(2) Å for Cobalt. The shortest Pt-Pt bond distance observed in these clusters is 2.532 Å. Several relationships between the structural parameters are identified and discussed. Some clusters exist in two isomeric forms and some show crystallographically independent molecules within the same crystal. Such isomers and independent molecules are examples of distortion isomerism.
Dichelyne (Dichelyne) spinigerus sp. nov. (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) from the marine fish Otolithes ruber (Sciaenidae) off Iran and first description of the male of Philometra otolithi Moravec et Manoharan, 2013 (Nematoda: Philometridae)
Authors: Moravec František , Khosheghbal Maryam , Pazooki Jamileh 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRecent parasitological examinations of the marine perciform fish (tigerteeth croaker) Otolithes ruber (Bloch et Schneider) (Sciaenidae) from off Iran yielded one new and one previously known nematode species: Dichelyne (Dichelyne) spinigerus sp. nov. (Cucullanidae) from the host’s intestine in the Persian Gulf and Philometra otolithi Moravec et Manoharan, 2013 (Philometridae) from the ovary in the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman. The new species D. spinigerus is mainly characterized by the tail tip of both sexes terminating in two shaply pointed spikes (one dorsal and one ventral) and bearing a pair of minute lateral cuticular spines at its base, situation of both deirids and the excretory pore well posterior to the level of the posterior end of oesophagus, absence of a precloacal sucker and the presence of one or two intestinal caeca. The male and small mature females of the gonad-infecting species P. otolithi are described for the first time, based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies. The male of P. otolithi is most similar to that of P. johnii Moravec et Ali, 2013, but differs from it by the structure of the cephalic end and the number of caudal papillae; both species also differ from each other by the presence of transverse lamellae in the buccal cavity of gravid and subgravid females of P. otolithi, which are missing in those of P. johnii.
A new feather mite species of the genus Neumannella Trouessart, 1916 (Analgoidea, Dermoglyphidae) from the Red-winged Tinamou Rhynchotus rufescens (Temminck, 1815) (Aves, Tinamiformes) with remarks to the evolution of host-parasite associations of the genus
Authors: Dabert Jacek 
Published: May 2014

AbstractNeumannella skorackii, a new species of the feather mite family Dermoglyphidae (Acari, Astigmata) is described from the Red-winged Tinamou Rhynchotus rufescens (Temminck, 1815) (Aves, Tinamiformes) from Paraguay and a key to all known species of the genus is provided. The phylogenetic relationships (MP analysis of 25 morphological characters) between Neumannella species along with the evolutionary history of host-parasite associations revealed by Jungle reconciliation method are reconstructed. Relatively low cospeciation contribution to the recent host-parasite associations is discovered.
The effect of initial dose on the recovery and final yields of Heterorhabditis megidis (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) in larvae of the great wax moth, Galleria mellonella
Authors: Tumialis Dorota , Pezowicz Elżbieta , Mazurkiewicz Anna , Skrzecz Iwona , Popowska-Nowak Elżbieta , Petrykowska Agnieszka 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of different initial doses of the infective juveniles (IJs) (50 IJs, 200 IJs, 1000 IJs) of Heterorhabditis megidis Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) strain IsM15/09 on recovery, final yields and percent final yields in larvae Galleria mellonella ( L.). Percent recovery was not directly related to initial dose. Final yields also did not change with the initial dose. However, percent yields was highly negatively correlated with initial dose of nematodes and was the highest with the 50 IJs dose. Additional point of the study was to investigate whether the nematodes are able to produce progeny from one hermaphroditic individual. The results showed that the invasive larvae resumed growth and transformed into hermaphroditic individuals that reproduced without cross-fertilisation.
A new species and new host records of the quill mites (Acari: Syringophilidae) associated with sunbirds (Passeriformes: Nectariniidae)
Authors: Klimovičová Miroslava , Smoľák Radoslav , Njoroge Peter , Hromada Martin 
Published: May 2014

AbstractNeoaulonastus cinnyris sp. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata: Syringophilidae) parasitising Cinnyris mediocris (Passeriformes: Nectariniidae) from Tanzania is described. Additionally, Picobia oritis Skoracki et al. 2009 was recorded on four new hosts belonging to the family Nectariniidae from Ethiopian region: Cinnyris oustaleti (Bocage) from Angola, Cinnyris venustus (Shaw) from West Somalia, Cinnyris talatala Smith from Botswana and Zambia and Cinnyris erythrocercus (Hartlaub) from Uganda. All known quill mite species from family Nectariniidae are summarized in table.
Evaluation of wondfo rapid diagnostic kit (Pf-HRP2/PAN-pLDH) for diagnosis of malaria by using nano-gold immunochromatographic assay
Authors: Wu Junlin , Peng Yunping , Liu Xiaoyun , Li Wenmei , Tang Shixing 
Published: May 2014

AbstractPrompt and accurate diagnosis is necessary to start adequate treatment for different affecting species including P. falciparum and P. vivax. Here we described the Wondfo Rapid diagnostic Kit (Pf-HRP2/PAN-pLDH) for the detection of P. falciparum and pan-plasmodium in patient specimen by using a nano-gold immunochromatographic assay. Our rapid assay adapted nano-gold labeling techniques and the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against both histidine rich protein-2 (Pf HRP-2) of P. falciparum and pan plasmodium-specific pLDH (pan pLDH). The established two-antibody sandwich immunochromatographic assay could detect P. falciparum and pan-plasmodium. The sensitivity and specificity of Wondfo rapid diagnostic kit were determined by comparing with the “gold standard” of microscopic examination of blood smears. In this study1023 blood samples were collected from outpatient clinics in China and Burma, and detected by both Wondfo kit and microscopic examination. The detection sensitivity and specificity of Wondfo rapid diagnostic kit were 96.46% and 99.67% for P. falciparum (HRP2), 95.03% and 99.24% for pLDH, 96.83% and 99.74% for non-falciparum species, 96.70% and 99.74% for P. vivax, respectively. These results indicate that Wondfo rapid diagnostic assay may be useful for detecting P. falciparum and non-P. falciparum (especially P.v.) in patient specimen.
Two new species of Eimeria (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae) from tree skinks, Prasinohaema spp. (Sauria: Scincidae), from Papua New Guinea
Authors: McAllister Chris , Duszynski Donald , Fisher Robert , Austin Christopher 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBetween September 1991 and June 1992, feces from 4 species of tree skinks, Prasinohaema spp. from Papua New Guinea, were collected and examined for coccidia. Two species, P. flavipes and P. prehensicauda were found to harbor eimerians which are described as new. Oocysts of Eimeria krausi sp. nov. from P. flavipes were ellipsoidal to subspheroidal with a smooth bilayered wall and measured (L × W) 19.2 × 16.9 μm, with a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.1. Micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent but a fragmented polar granule was present. Sporocysts were ellipsoidal, 9.7 × 6.7 μm, L/W of 1.5. Stieda, subStieda and paraStieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of many small granules in a compact mass between sporozoites. The sporozoites were sausage-shaped, 11.7 × 2.7 μm, in situ, with an ellipsoidal posterior refractile body and a spheroidal anterior refractile body. Oocysts of Eimeria greeri sp. nov. from P. prehensicauda were ellipsoidal with a smooth bilayered wall, (L × W) 23.0 × 18.3 μm, with a L/W of 1.3. Micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent but a fragmented polar granule was present. Sporocysts were ellipsoidal, 9.7 × 8.4 μm, with a L/W of 1.2. Stieda, subStieda and paraStieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of many large granules in a compact mass between sporozoites. The sporozoites were sausage-shaped, with an ellipsoidal posterior refractile body and a spheroidal anterior refractile body. We document here the first report of coccidia from skinks of the genus Prasinohaema.