bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refractive and Visual Outcomes of Different Intraocular Lenses with Femtosecond Laser Cataract Surgery: The Expectation of Independence from Spectacles
Authors: Crispim Joao , Nose Ricardo , Yogi Milton , Nose Walton 
Published: October 2015

Purpose:To evaluate the visual performance of different types of intraocular lens (IOL) in eyes submitted to femtosecond laser (FSL) cataract surgery and to analyze whether this technology could result in spectacles independence.Design:Retrospective comparative case series.Methods:Consecutive eyes that were scheduled for FSL cataract surgery were included in this study. After one month postoperative, patients were divided into two groups: cases that required prescription for eyeglasses and cases that did not require prescription. In addition, the patients were analyzed according to the type of IOL that was implanted (monofocal, monofocal toric, multifocal and multifocal toric).Results:Thirty-five cataract surgeries were analyzed. Twenty-three eyes had a monofocal IOL implanted, and 12 had a multifocal IOL implanted. After 1 month, 12 cases required prescription (Group 1), and 23 did not require prescription (Group 2). The proportion of eyes that did not require corrective lenses was significantly greater (P = 0.02) in eyes that received multifocal IOL (91.67%) compared with those that received monofocal IOL (47.83%). Additionally, 100% of eyes that received multifocal toric IOL did not require eyeglasses at one month postoperatively.Conclusion:The FSL surgical precision associated with modern IOL technology may be an important factor related to vision satisfaction after cataract surgery.
Signal Analysis On Soil Stress From Vibrating Compaction Based On Wavelet Transform
Authors: Qing-Zhe Zhang , Bing Yan , Jing-Liang Dai , Bao-Gui Yang 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The paper presented the wavelet transform method for d e-noising and singularity detection to soil compressive stress signal. The study results show that the reconstruction signals by the wavelet de-noising keeps the low frequency component at [0, 31.25Hz] of the original signal and improves the high frequency property at other frequency bands. The impaction time from the start time to resonance time of the stress signals is varies with the depth of the soil. With the increase of times of compaction, the impaction time of the stress is decreasing in every layer. But the speed of reaching compacted status in each layer is different.
Vibrations Caused By Train Passages In Underground Tunnel Compared To Vibrations From Ground Surface Transportation – Some Results Of Investigations
Authors: Stypuła Krzysztof 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The paper describes experimental investigations of vibrations caused by train passages in the shallow underground tunnel (in Warsaw, Poland) in comparison to the results of measurements of vibrations from ground surface transportation (trams and buses). Propagation of surface ground vibrations from underground tunnel is presented. The problem of dynamic response of a building and influence of vibrations caused by underground on people residing in a building is discussed as well. The dynamic response of the building to underground vibrations is essentially different from the response of a building excited by surface sources of transport vibrations. Also the distribution of influence of the transport vibrations on people in the building is significantly different in both cases.
Numerical Modeling Of Diagonal Cracks In Concrete Beams
Authors: Słowik M. , Smarzewski P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn the paper, the method of a numerical simulation concerning diagonal crack propagation in concrete beams was presented. Two beams reinforced longitudinally but without shear reinforcement were considered during the Finite Element Method analysis. In particular, a nonlinear method was used to simulate the crack evaluation in the beams. The analysis was performed using the commercial program ANSYS. In the numerical simulation, the limit surface for concrete described by Willam and Warnke was applied to model the failure of concrete. To solve the FEM-system of equations, the Newton-Raphson method was used. As the results of FEM calculations, the trajectories of total stains and numerical images of smeared cracks were obtained for two analyzed beams: the slender beam S5 of leff = 1.8 m and the short beam S3k of leff = 1.1 m. The applied method allowed to generate both flexural vertical cracks and diagonal cracks in the shear regions. Some differences in the evaluation of crack patterns in the beams were observed. The greater number of flexural vertical cracks which penetrated deeper in the beam S5 caused the lower stiffness and the greater deformation in the beam S5 compared to the short beam S3k. Numerical results were compared with the experimental data from the early tests performed by Słowik [3]. The numerical simulation yielded very similar results as the experiments and it confirmed that the character of failure process altered according to the effective length of the member. The proposed numerical procedure was successfully verified and it can be suitable for numerical analyses of diagonal crack propagation in concrete beams.
Finite Element Analysis Of Airfield Flexible Pavement
Authors: Leonardi G. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The paper presents a numerical study of an aircraft wheel impacting on a flexible landing surface. The proposed 3D model simulates the behaviour of flexible runway pavement during the landing phase. This model was implemented in a finite element code in order to investigate the impact of repeated cycles of loads on pavement response.
In the model, a multi-layer pavement structure was considered. In addition, the asphalt layer (HMA) was assumed to follow a viscoelastoplastic behaviour.
The results demonstrate the capability of the model in predicting the permanent deformation distribution in the asphalt layer.
Active Control Of Smart Tensegrity Structures
Authors: Al Sabouni-Zawadzka A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe topic of smart structures, their active control and implementation, is relatively new. Therefore, different approaches to the problem can be met. The present paper discusses variable aspects of the active control of structures. It explains the idea of smart systems, introduces different terms used in smart technique and defines the structural smartness. The author indicates differences between actively controlled structures and structural health monitoring systems and shows an example of an actively controlled smart footbridge.The analyses presented in the study concern tensegrity structures, which are prone to the structural control through self-stress state adjustment. The paper introduces examples of structural control performed on tensegrity modules and plates. An influence of several self-stress states on displacements is analyzed and a study concerning damage due to member loss is presented.
What Influences Patient-Therapist Interactions in Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy? Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis
Authors: O'Keeffe Mary , Cullinane Paul , Hurley John , Leahy Irene , Bunzli Samantha , O'Sullivan Peter B. , O'Sullivan Kieran 
Published: October 2015

Background
Musculoskeletal physical therapy involves both specific and nonspecific effects. Nonspecific variables associated with the patient, therapist, and setting may influence clinical outcomes. Recent quantitative research has shown that nonspecific factors, including patient-therapist interactions, can influence treatment outcomes. It remains unclear, however, what factors influence patient-therapist interaction.

Purpose
This qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis investigated patients' and physical therapists' perceptions of factors that influence patient-therapist interactions.

Data Sources
Eleven databases were searched independently.

Study Selection
Qualitative studies examining physical therapists' and patients' perceptions of factors that influence patient-therapist interactions in musculoskeletal settings were included.

Data Extraction
Two reviewers independently selected articles, assessed methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP), and performed the 3 stages of analysis: extraction of findings, grouping of findings (codes), and abstraction of findings.

Data Synthesis
Thirteen studies were included. Four themes were perceived to influence patient-therapist interactions: (1) physical therapist interpersonal and communication skills (ie, presence of skills such as listening, encouragement, confidence, being empathetic and friendly, and nonverbal communication), (2) physical therapist practical skills (ie, physical therapist expertise and level of training, although the ability to provide good education was considered as important only by patients), (3) individualized patient-centered care (ie, individualizing the treatment to the patient and taking patient's opinions into account), and (4) organizational and environmental factors (ie, time and flexibility with care and appointments).

Limitations
Only studies published in English were included.

Conclusions
A mix of interpersonal, clinical, and organizational factors are perceived to influence patient-therapist interactions, although research is needed to identify which of these factors actually influence patient-therapist interactions. Physical therapists' awareness of these factors could enhance patient interactions and treatment outcomes. Mechanisms to best enhance these factors in clinical practice warrant further study.
Neurosurgical patients’ perceptions of the “surgeon+”: a qualitative study
Authors: Samuel Nardin , Shamji Mohammed F. , Bernstein Mark 
Published: October 2015

OBJECT
Neurosurgical patients bear a varying degree of anxiety when confronted with having to undergo surgery or even visit with a neurosurgeon in consultation. Previous studies have suggested that patient perceptions can heavily influence the patient-physician encounter. Accordingly, a better understanding of these perceptions can marshal our knowledge regarding strategies for improving patient-physician interactions during such an apprehensive time. The aim of the present study was to qualitatively examine patient values and preferences for a neurosurgeon who participates in extraclinical activities (i.e., a “neurosurgeon+”) and understand the factors that influence these perceptions.

METHODS
Semistructured face-to-face interviews with 47 neurosurgical patients were conducted. Patients were recruited from the Toronto Western Hospital neurosurgery clinics for cranial and spinal conditions. Descriptive summary statistics were used to characterize the study participants. Family members were encouraged to contribute to the interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and subjected to thematic analysis by using open and axial coding.

RESULTS
Patients generally indicated that they want to feel confident in their neurosurgeon. A number of factors contribute to this confidence, including a strong positive referral from another physician. Patients are inclined to search for information pertaining to the qualifications of neurosurgeons online, and a perception of the neurosurgeon’s adeptness given his or her qualifications is important for patients. Although there were some differences in patient values between those in the cranial and spinal groups, overall, neurosurgical patients tend to positively view their neurosurgeon’s involvement in extraclinical duties.

CONCLUSIONS
This study details the first comprehensive clinical qualitative study of patient perceptions of neurosurgeons and provides a descriptive framework for understanding patient values in this clinical domain.
Anterior corpectomy via the mini-open, extreme lateral, transpsoas approach combined with short-segment posterior fixation for single-level traumatic lumbar burst fractures: analysis of health-related quality of life outcomes and patient satisfaction
Authors: Theologis Alexander A. , Tabaraee Ehsan , Toogood Paul , Kennedy Abbey , Birk Harjus , McClellan R. Trigg , Pekmezci Murat 
Published: October 2015

OBJECT
The authors present clinical outcome data and satisfaction of patients who underwent minimally invasive vertebral body corpectomy and cage placement via a mini-open, extreme lateral, transpsoas approach and posterior short-segment instrumentation for lumbar burst fractures.

METHODS
Patients with unstable lumbar burst fractures who underwent corpectomy and anterior column reconstruction via a mini-open, extreme lateral, transpsoas approach with short-segment posterior fixation were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic information, operative parameters, perioperative radiographic measurements, and complications were analyzed. Patient-reported outcome instruments (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], 12-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-12]) and an anterior scar-specific patient satisfaction questionnaire were recorded at the latest follow-up.

RESULTS
Twelve patients (7 men, 5 women, average age 42 years, range 22–68 years) met the inclusion criteria. Lumbar corpectomies with anterior column support were performed (L-1, n = 8; L-2, n = 2; L-3, n = 2) and supplemented with short-segment posterior instrumentation (4 open, 8 percutaneous). Four patients had preoperative neurological deficits, all of which improved after surgery. No new neurological complications were noted. The anterior incision on average was 6.4 cm (range 5–8 cm) in length, caused mild pain and disability, and was aesthetically acceptable to the large majority of patients. Three patients required chest tube placement for pleural violation, and 1 patient required reoperation for cage subsidence/hardware failure. Average clinical follow-up was 38 months (range 16–68 months), and average radiographic follow-up was 37 months (range 6–68 months). Preoperative lumbar lordosis and focal lordosis were significantly improved/maintained after surgery. Patients were satisfied with their outcomes, had minimal/moderate disability (average ODI score 20, range 0–52), and had good physical (SF-12 physical component score 41.7% ± 10.4%) and mental health outcomes (SF-12 mental component score 50.2% ± 11.6%) after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Anterior corpectomy and cage placement via a mini-open, extreme lateral, transpsoas approach supplemented by short-segment posterior instrumentation is a safe, effective alternative to conventional approaches in the treatment of single-level unstable burst fractures and is associated with excellent functional outcomes and patient satisfaction.
Association of postoperative furosemide use with a reduced blood transfusion rate in sagittal craniosynostosis surgery
Authors: Harroud Adil , Weil Alexander G. , Turgeon Jean , Mercier Claude , Crevier Louis 
Published: October 2015

OBJECT
A major challenge in sagittal craniosynostosis surgery is the high transfusion rate (50%–100%) related to blood loss in small pediatric patients. Several approaches have been proposed to prevent packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion, including endoscopic surgery, erythropoietin ortranexamic acid administration, and preoperative hemodilution. The authors hypothesized that a significant proportion of postoperative anemia observed in pediatric patients is actually dilutional. Consequently, since 2005, at CHU Sainte-Justine, furosemide has been administered to correct the volemic status and prevent PRBC transfusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of postoperative furosemide administration on PRBC transfusion rates.

METHODS
This was a retrospective study of 96 consecutive patients with sagittal synostosis who underwent surgery at CHU Sainte-Justine between January 2000 and May 2012. The mean age at surgery was 4.9 ± 1.5 months (range 2.8–8.7 months). Patients who had surgery before 2005 constituted the control group. Those who had surgery in 2005 or 2006 were considered part of an implementation phase because furosemide administration was not routine. Patients who had surgery after 2006 were part of the experimental (or furosemide) group. Transfusion rates among the 3 groups were compared. The impact of furosemide administration on transfusion requirement was also measured while accounting for other variables of interest in a multiple logistic regression model.

RESULTS
The total transfusion rate was significantly reduced in the furosemide group compared with the control group (31.3% vs 62.5%, respectively; p = 0.009), mirroring the decrease in the postoperative transfusion rate between the groups (18.3% vs 50.0%, respectively; p = 0.003). The postoperative transfusion threshold remained similar throughout the study (mean hemoglobin 56.0 g/dl vs 60.9 g/dl for control and furosemide groups, respectively; p = 0.085). The proportion of nontransfused patients with recorded hemoglobin below 70 g/dl did not differ between the control and furosemide groups (41.7% vs 28.6%, respectively; p = 0.489). Surgical procedure, preoperative hemoglobin level, estimated blood loss, and furosemide administration significantly affected the risk of receiving a postoperative PRBC transfusion. When these variables were analyzed in a multiple logistic regression model, furosemide administration remained strongly associated with a reduced risk of being exposed to a blood transfusion (OR 0.196, p = 0.005). There were no complications related to furosemide administration.

CONCLUSIONS
A significant part of the postoperative anemia observed in patients who underwent sagittal craniosynostosis surgery was due to hypervolemic hemodilution. Correction of the volemic status with furosemide administration significantly reduces postoperative PRBC transfusion requirements in these patients.
A new method for segmentation of FDG PET metabolic tumour volume using the peritumoural halo layer and a 10-step colour scale
Authors: Jun S. , Kim H. , Nam H.-Y. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryAim: We observed a layer between tumour activity and background on FDG PET/CT with the 10-step colour scale and the window level set properly. We named the layer peritumoral halo layer (PHL). We performed this study to establish the reliability of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) segmentation using PHL (MTVPHL) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Patients, methods: Of a total of 140 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients, 70 (50.0%) had FDG-avid PTC. In these patients, MTVPHL, MTV segmented according to fixed 50% SUVmax (MTV50%), and fixed SUV with 2.5 to 4.0 (MTV2.5 to MTV4.0) were compared with pathologic tumour volume (PTV). The absolute percentage difference between MTVPHL and PTV was compared in micropapillary carcinoma (MPTC) and non-micropapillary carcinoma (non-MPTC) subgroups. The % SUVmax and SUV thresholds of MTVPHL were compared with tumour SUVmax. Results: Among the MTVs, MTV50% was not correlated with PTV (r = –0.16, p = 0.182) and was not reliable according to the Bland-Altman plot. Although MTV2.5, MTV3.0, MTV3.5, and MTV4.0 correlated with PTV (r = 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, and 0.87, respectively; p < 0.001), these MTVs were not reliable on Bland- Altman analyses. MTVPHL was significantly correlated with PTV (r = 0.80, p < 0.001), and the Bland-Altman plot did not show systemic error. The MTVPHL was more accurate in non-MPTC than in MPTC (p < 0.001), and the absolute % difference was smaller as PTV became larger (σ = –0.65, p < 0.001). The MTVPHL thresholds had correlations with SUVmax (% SUVmax threshold: σ = –0.87, p < 0.001; SUV threshold: r = 0.88, p < 0.001). Conclusions: MTVPHL was more reliable than MTV%SUVmax or MTVSUV. The reliability of MTVPHL improved with larger PTVs. The threshold of the MTVPHL was naturally altered by PHL according to SUVmax.
Acute Kidney Injury in Children with Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria: Determinants for Mortality
Authors: Prasad Rajniti , Mishra Om P. 
Published: October 2015

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) in P. falciparum malaria infection is an important morbidity in children. The purpose of the present study was done to observe the renal involvement, associated morbidities and outcome. Methods Out of 156 patients with severe P. falciparum malaria, diagnosed on the basis of compatible clinical presentations and positive malarial parasites in the peripheral blood smear and/or histidine rich protein 2 antigen, 31 had AKI at presentation and were analyzed. Results Of 31 (19.9%) patients with AKI, 4 were classified at risk, 11 injury, and 16 failure stage, as per pRIFLE criteria (pediatric version of RIFLE [R = risk, I = injury, F = failure, L = loss E = end-stage kidney disease]). Mean age of children with AKI was 7.7 ± 3.2 years. A significantly higher proportion of patients with AKI had hypoglycemia (41.9%), pulmonary edema (32.2%), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (29.0%) compared to those without AKI (18.4%, 4.8%, and 3.2%, respectively). Twelve patients (38.7%) required peritoneal dialysis (PD), 8 (25.8%) died, and all were in failure stage. The non-survivors had significantly higher blood urea ( p = 0.005) and serum creatinine levels ( p = 0.042), lower glomerular filtration rate ( p < 0.001), longer duration of illness ( p = 0.003), and oliguria/anuria ( p = 0.001) than survivors at admission. On logistic regression analysis, the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), jaundice and parasite density (≥ 3+) were found to be significant factors contributing to mortality in children with AKI. Conclusions Acute kidney injury in falciparum malaria is one of the severe systemic complications. Duration of illness and presence of comorbidities adversely affected the outcome.
Longitudinal Trend in Lipid Profile of Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients is Not Influenced by the Use of Biocompatible Solutions
Authors: Cho Yeoungjee , Büchel Janine , Steppan Sonja , Passlick-Deetjen Jutta , Hawley Carmel M. , Dimeski Goce , Clarke Margaret , Johnson David W. 
Published: October 2015

Background The longitudinal trends of lipid parameters and the impact of biocompatible peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions on these levels remain to be fully defined. The present study aimed to a) evaluate the influence of neutral pH, low glucose degradation product (GDP) PD solutions on serum lipid parameters, and b) explore the capacity of lipid parameters (total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride [TG], high density lipoprotein [HDL], TC/HDL, low density lipoprotein [LDL], very low density lipoprotein [VLDL]) to predict cardiovascular events (CVE) and mortality in PD patients. Methods The study included 175 incident participants from the balANZ trial with at least 1 stored serum sample. A composite CVE score was used as a primary clinical outcome measure. Multilevel linear regression and Poisson regression models were fitted to describe the trend of lipid parameters over time and its ability to predict composite CVE, respectively. Results Small but statistically significant increases in serum TG (coefficient 0.006, p < 0.001), TC/HDL (coefficient 0.004, p = 0.001), and VLDL cholesterol (coefficient 0.005, p = 0.001) levels and a decrease in the serum HDL cholesterol levels (coefficient -0.004, p = 0.009) were observed with longer time on PD, whilst the type of PD solution (biocompatible vs standard) received had no significant effect on these levels. Peritoneal dialysis glucose exposure was significantly associated with trends in TG, TC/HDL, HDL and VLDL levels. Baseline lipid parameter levels were not predictive of composite CVEs or all-cause mortality. Conclusion Serum TG, TC/HDL, and VLDL levels increased and the serum HDL levels decreased with increasing PD duration. None of the lipid parameters were significantly modified by biocompatible PD solution use over the time period studied or predictive of composite CVE or mortality.