bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategy for Fast Tracking Development of Arctic Oil-Gas Offshore Field
Authors: Shandrygin A.N. , Dubrovsky D.A. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Offshore fields development is a challenge because of significant risks and uncertainties and presence of several issues. Among them we should highlight first of all: poor knowledge of the reservoir geology and very low reliability of hydrocarbon reserves at the initial stage of field development; limited opportunities for technological solutions on fields development by reason of limited number of "wells cluster"- production units (platforms, subsea units); and necessity to spend 80-90 % CAPEX before start of production.
This paper is devoted to solving the problem how to reduce the risks and uncertainties and accelerate offshore fields exploration and development. The methodology to assess the possibility to start offshore fields development by condition of limited geological information is presented. It is implemented as a workflow, the result of which is the conclusion about: types of production units, number of wells and their placement boundaries, required minimum reserves density to begin field development, as well as types of exploration work on fields. The application of the methodology and workflow are demonstrated on the examples of assessment of the potential of development of some Russian Arctic offshore fields.
Implementation of an On-Site Sea Ice Information System
Authors: Rabenstein L. , Cochrane P. , Hendricks S. , Itkin M. , Krumpen T. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Decision making for activities in ice-covered oceans can be improved by an increased level of information. The current potential of available remote sensing products is far from being exploited due to limited usability for non-experts. Main usability aspects are data unification, automated processing and ordering, early availability, smaller data packages and improved visualization functions. The OSSI (=On Site Sea-ice Information) data stream was developed to address these issues. OSSI is characterized by 100% automation, a modular structure designed for implementation of any data product, data compression and a "with one order many data" principle. Improvement of the availability of information needed for navigation or other activities in ice covered areas can be achieved for some remote sensing data by the usage of single swath data in comparison to daily composites. For instance, swath sea-ice concentration data is capable of visualizing sub-daily variations in the sea-ice cover, such as tidal effects or changes in ice concentration in highly variable ice-edge zones. Furthermore, swath data is made available within 2 hours of acquisition; whereas daily composites are sent on board with a more than 24 hour delay.
Arctic Exploration Activity at a Glance – The Upcoming Activity and the Players
Authors: Norstrøm Jan G. , Wold Erik 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The Arctic is said to contain an unexplored potential corresponding to about 13% and 30% of the remaining unexplored oil and gas resources according to the USGS Arctic study in [2], and USGS indicates that 80% of this will come from offshore. The potential is indisputably there, however the survey does not address the current industry activity or likely investment levels over time required to explore and develop offshore Arctic fields. In this paper we will discuss a method systematically combining facts and modelling results to derive likely discovered volumes year by year, and the current and future exploration activity required to unlock the arctic resources. We will briefly describe a set of steps in this approach: Introduction to how we can systematically collect information about discoveries, acreage positions and intelligence about likely exploration wells.How systematic methods for data collection can be combined with sensible models or analytical guesswork to allow decision makers to see a clear trend improving their near time industry decisions.Based on collected data we will make a review of the players and their exploration acreage positions and look at likely exploration wells and activities in the near future.Via GIS system and sedimentary basin maps the results will be broken down according to sedimentary basins or geographies like countries and provinces.
We have integrated all the above data into a comprehensive database allowing us to analyze various aspects of the results. Several analyses of the data will be shown and results will be discussed. The resulting database is core for the many types of strategy analysis that Rystad Energy can provide, which all are originating from consistently collecting and organizing data. There is much interest in the oil and gas opportunities in the Arctic. However, not too much is actually happening and there are challenges to overcome. Any activities must be driven by companies and their interests. The only way to get a realistic picture of how and when Arctic will develop is to follow closely which plans the companies commit to, and extract from this the likely activities.
Technology Adoption of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Alaska and the Arctic
Authors: Rogers Marty 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In Alaska, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are increasingly in use to support science, research, and more recently emergency response events. The University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) operates one of the longest running and most active UAS programs in North America, with 2015 being its 14th year of operation, and flying UAS missions approximately 150 days per year. UAF was recently designated as a UAS Test and Evaluation range complex by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, with the goal of supporting the safe integration of UAS into the national airspace.1 UAF's experiences in the use of UAS for high-latitude science and research, emergency response, and in support of commercial applications will be discussed.
Clinical outcomes and efficacy of transforaminal lumbar endoscopic discectomy
Authors: Türk Cezmi Çağrı , Kara Niyazi Nefi , Biliciler Bülent , Karasoy Mustafa 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Background: Transforaminal lumbar endoscopic discectomy (TLED) is a minimally invasive procedure for removing lumbar disc herniations. This technique was initially reserved for herniations in the foraminal or extraforaminal region. This study concentrated on our experience regarding the outcomes and efficacy of TLED. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 patients were included in the study. The patients were retrospectively evaluated for demographic features, lesion levels, numbers of affected levels, visual analog scores (VASs), Oswestry disability questionnaire scale scores and MacNab pain relief scores. Results: A total of 48 female and 57 male patients aged between 25 and 64 years (mean: 41.8 years) underwent TLED procedures. The majority (83%) of the cases were operated on at the levels of L4-5 and L5-S1. Five patients had herniations at two levels. There were significant decreases between the preoperative VAS scores collected postoperatively at 6 months (2.3) and those collected after 1-year (2.5). Two patients were referred for microdiscectomy after TLED due to unsatisfactory pain relief on the 1 st postoperative day. The overall success rate with respect to pain relief was 90.4% (95/105). Seven patients with previous histories of open discectomy at the same level reported fair pain relief after TLED. Conclusions: Transforaminal lumbar endoscopic discectomy is a safe and effective alternative to microdiscectomy that is associated with minor tissue trauma. Herniations that involved single levels and foraminal/extraforaminal localizations were associated with better responses to TLED.
Can response time be trained with bilateral limb training in children with Down syndrome?
Authors: Rao Pratiksha Tilak , Solomon John M. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Aims: Response time (RT), that is, the time taken to respond is known to be delayed in children with Down syndrome (DS). We performed a pilot study to evaluate whether bilateral limb training can be used to train RT, in children with DS. Settings and Design: 10 children with DS (5 males) were recruited from a special school in a suburban region using convenience sampling. Subjects and Methods: Response time was measured using an indigenously developed RT Analyzer, before and after intervention, from right and left hand. Structured bilateral limb training was given for a period of 4 weeks, using low-cost, locally available materials, in community settings. Statistical Analysis Used: The Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant improvements in RT following 4 weeks of intervention were seen in the left hand (P = 0.006) but not in the right hand (P = 0.104). Conclusions: Response time can be trained in children with DS using 4 weeks of bilateral limb training activities using low-cost, locally available materials.
Isolated lingual involvement in Wilson’s disease
Authors: Choudhary Neera , Joshi Laxmikant , Duggal Ashish , Puri Vinod , Khwaja Geeta Anjum 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTLingual involvement can occur in a variety of neurological disorders including pyramidal, extrapyramidal and lower motor neuron disorders. It can be seen in the form of tremor, bradykinesia, dystonia, atrophy and weakness of tongue movements and can clinically present as difficulty in swallowing and dysarthria which can be a source of great discomfort to the patient. We describe a patient who presented with isolated lingual involvement and was diagnosed to have Wilsons’s disease. This case emphasizes the clinical variability in presentation of Wilson’s disease and importance of early clinical diagnosis.
Jaundice in Pregnancy: A Clinical Study at Fatima Memorial System
Authors: Ambreen Afshaan , Ahmed Farhatulain , Sheikh Attia , Ayub Muhammad Rashid , Faryad Numeera , Mushtaq Sundas 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective
The objective of the study is to find the effect of jaundice during pregnancy on fetomaternal outcome over a 10-year period at tertiary care hospital.

Materials and methods
An analysis of fetomaternal outcome of all case records with jaundice in pregnancy from January 2003 to December 2013 is made.

Results
The incidence of jaundice in our study is one in 278 pregnancies, with the disease more common in younger age group. Viral hepatitis found to be the commonest cause, HEV being the commonest with a high maternal and perinatal mortality. Obstetric cholestasis being the second most common followed by HELLP syndrome, AFLP and sepsis; Hepatorenal failure, encephalopathy, DIC and PPH were the main causes of maternal mortality.

Conclusion
Viral hepatitis is most prevalent cause of jaundice in pregnancy, associated with a high maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.

How to cite this article
Ambreen A, Ahmed F, Sheikh A, Ayub MR, Faryad N, Mushtaq S. Jaundice in Pregnancy: A Clinical Study at Fatima Memorial System. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2015;7(1):22-25.
Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Kakade Aniket S , Kulkarni Yashwant , Shukla Himangini 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), a type of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema related to blood transfusion, is gaining prominence as a common adverse event related to blood transfusions in hospitals. It is typified by dyspnea, cough, hypoxemia and pulmonary edema within 6 hours of transfusion.
Without any ‘gold standard’, the diagnosis of TRALI relies on a high index of suspicion and on excluding other types of transfusion reactions. As our understanding of TRALI deepens, risk reduction or prevention may become possible.
The management of TRALI is early diagnosis and good supportive care with, occasionally ventilator support. With the increasing use of blood products in obstetrics and gynecology, awareness of this complication is desirable to prevent one of the commonest and most frequently under-recognized transfusion related adverse event of the present day.

How to cite this article
Kakade A, Kulkarni Y, Shukla H. Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury in Obstetrics and Gynecology. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2015;7(1)26-29.
A Multicenter Study Analyzing the different Indications of Hysteroscopy in General Population and the Complication Rate: An Experience of 11 Years
Authors: Manchanda Rahul , Ghoshal Soma , Manjula BC 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Study objectives
An assessment of the common indications for hysteroscopy (either diagnostic or therapeutic), in multiple hospitals especially in the North Indian region, over the period of past 11 years.
To do an analysis of the common intraoperative diagnosis and the different types of surgeries performed therefore.
To estimate the incidence of complications in the same patient population over the same time period and describe their nature.

Data collection
Records were collected from twelve hospitals spread mainly over North Indian region, pertaining to all those patients who underwent hysteroscopy during the period from July 2003 to October 2014. Total cases analyzed was 1834.

Design
Retrospective analytic study.

Patients
All those patients who underwent hysteroscopy of all ages referring to the above mentioned hospitals during the period from July 2003 to October 2014.

Results
Of the 1834 hysteroscopic procedures, 588 (32.06%) were diagnostic hysteroscopies and 1246 (67.93%) were therapeutic hysteroscopies. The most common indication for hysteroscopy was abnormal uterine bleeding (28.14%) closely followed by the second most common indication, which was for infertility check-up (26.67%). The most common hysteroscopic intervention was endometrial biopsy. The second most common intervention and the most common therapeutic hysteroscopic procedure was polypectomy; and the third most common Hysteroscopic procedure was intrauterine adhesiolysis. The main complication as found in our present study was found to be uterine perforation (0.21%), followed by false passage. Air embolism also occurred in one patient.

How to cite this article
Ghoshal S, Manchanda R, Manjula BC. A Multicenter Study Analyzing the different Indications of Hysteroscopy in General Population and the Complication Rate: An Experience of 11 Years. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2015;7(1):37-43.
INFLUÊNCIA DO MEIO DE CULTURA, COMPRIMENTO DO EXPLANTE E GENÓTIPO NA MICROPROPAGAÇÃO DE<i> Pinus taeda</i> L.
Authors: Cézar Tatiana Mazon , Higa Antonio Rioyei , Koehler Henrique Soares , Ribas Luciana Lopes Fortes 
Published: April 2015

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509817440O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecer um protocolo de micropropagação de Pinus taeda L. Brotações apicais de plântulas de cinco dias de germinação, de diferentes genótipos (F27, B05 e PC) foram cultivadas em meio de cultura WV5, acrescido de 44 µM de 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) e de 0,05 µM de ácido α-naftalenoacético (ANA) durante 14 dias, seguido de quatro subcultivos para meio sem reguladores de crescimento. Explantes foram seccionados em brotações apicais e segmentos nodais para a multiplicação. Foram testados comprimentos diferentes dos explantes, concentrações de BAP e períodos de cultivo. O enraizamento foi induzido em meios de cultura WV5/2, WV3/2, GDm/2 e ágar-água, acrescidos de 2,68 µM de ANA e 0,44 µM de BAP, pelo período de nove dias, seguido de subcultivo para as mesmas formulações, sem reguladores por 4 semanas. Verificou-se que o genótipo influenciou a formação de brotações e enraizamento. O comprimento de 1,0 cm é recomendado para os segmentos nodais produzirem o maior número de brotações axilares. Para brotações apicais, os explantes de 0,5 cm cultivados em meio de cultura WV5 apresentaram melhores resultados de alongamento. O melhor período de subcultivo foi oito semanas, tanto para os segmentos nodais como brotações apicais. A maior percentagem de segmentos nodais com brotações (99,2%) e o maior número médio de brotações por explante (4,0) foram obtidos com o genótipo F27, em meio de cultura contendo 2,5 µM de BAP. Para brotações apicais, o melhor resultado para alongamento foi observado com explantes menores (0.5 cm) em meio de cultura WV5 (218,3%). A manutenção de microjardim clonal in vitro de brotações vigorosas foi obtida por dois anos em meio de cultura WV5, com subcultivos de oito semanas. O melhor resultado de enraizamento (55,6%) ocorreu com indução por nove dias em meio ágar–água com 2,68 μM de NAA e 0,44 μM de BAP. A aclimatização de mudas foi bem sucedida (85% de sobrevivência), de modo que foi estabelecido um protocolo de produção de mudas por micropropagação.
Career Accomplishments of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Medical Graduates: Classes 1980–2001
Authors: Gilliland William R. , Dong Ting , Artino Anthony R. , McManigle John E. , Saguil Aaron , Cruess David F. , Holland Sharon , Durning Steven J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To report accomplishments of graduates of the F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine who have left, retired, or are near the end of their uniformed career in several professional domains: military career milestones, medical professional education, academic landmarks, and leadership. Methods: This study utilized an earlier questionnaire that was modified to capture additional career landmarks and improve the clarity of several items. The modified survey was sent electronically to alumni who graduated from 1980–2001 in March, 2012. Results: The questionnaire was sent to 2,825 alumni for whom we had e-mail addresses. We estimate that we reached 2,400 alumni. A total of 1,189 alumni returned the questionnaire, yielding an estimated response rate of 50%. For this cohort, the board certification was 95%, over 20% obtained additional degrees, 92.8% had worked as a full-time physician, nearly two-thirds had deployed for combat, 13.9% had received the Legion of Merit, and 68.6% had published at least one peer-reviewed manuscript. Conclusion: Many accomplishments including board certification rates, deployment experience, academic and military leadership positions, military awards, promotion rates, and academic medicine contributions are indicators that USU is continuing to meet its unique mission.
Preclerkship Assessment of Clinical Skills and Clinical Reasoning: The Longitudinal Impact on Student Performance
Authors: LaRochelle Jeffrey S. , Dong Ting , Durning Steven J. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Purpose: Many medical schools across the United States are undergoing curriculum reform designed, in part, to integrate basic sciences and clinical skills. Evidence has suggested that preclerkship courses in clinical skills and clinical reasoning are predictive of student performance on the clerkship. We hypothesized that a combination of outcome measures from preclerkship clinical skills and clinical reasoning courses (Objective Structured Clinical Examination scores, preceptor evaluations, National Board of Medical Examiners subject examination scores, and small group participation grades) would be correlated to performance in internship (program director [PD] evaluation form at end of first postgraduate year). Methods: Outcome measures from preclerkship clinical skills and clinical reasoning courses and PD evaluation forms from 514 medical students graduating between 2009 and 2011 were analyzed in a multiple linear regression model. Results: Preclerkship clinical skills and clinical reasoning outcome measures were significant contributors to the linear regression model and were able to explain 13.9% of the variance in expertise and 7.6% of the variance in professionalism as measured by the PD evaluation form. Conclusion: Clinical skills and clinical reasoning courses during the preclerkship period explained a significant amount of performance at the graduate medical education level. Our data suggest that these courses provide valuable information regarding student abilities in internship. Early recognition of struggling students may provide an opportunity to break a cycle of poor performance that can persist into residency training.
The Association of Students Requiring Remediation in the Internal Medicine Clerkship With Poor Performance During Internship
Authors: Hemann Brian A. , Durning Steven J. , Kelly William F. , Dong Ting , Pangaro Louis N. , Hemmer Paul A. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine whether the Uniformed Services University (USU) system of workplace performance assessment for students in the internal medicine clerkship at the USU continues to be a sensitive predictor of subsequent poor performance during internship, when compared with assessments in other USU third year clerkships. Method: Utilizing Program Director survey results from 2007 through 2011 and U.S. Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 3 examination results as the outcomes of interest, we compared performance during internship for students who had less than passing performance in the internal medicine clerkship and required remediation, against students whose performance in the internal medicine clerkship was successful. We further analyzed internship ratings for students who received less than passing grades during the same time period on other third year clerkships such as general surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, family medicine, and psychiatry to evaluate whether poor performance on other individual clerkships were associated with future poor performance at the internship level. Results for this recent cohort of graduates were compared with previously published findings. Results: The overall survey response rate for this 5 year cohort was 81% (689/853). Students who received a less than passing grade in the internal medicine clerkship and required further remediation were 4.5 times more likely to be given poor ratings in the domain of medical expertise and 18.7 times more likely to demonstrate poor professionalism during internship. Further, students requiring internal medicine remediation were 8.5 times more likely to fail USMLE Step 3. No other individual clerkship showed any statistically significant associations with performance at the intern level. On the other hand, 40% of students who successfully remediated and did graduate were not identified during internship as having poor performance. Conclusions: Unsuccessful clinical performance which requires remediation in the third year internal medicine clerkship at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences continues to be strongly associated with poor performance at the internship level. No significant associations existed between any of the other clerkships and poor performance during internship and Step 3 failure. The strength of this association with the internal medicine clerkship is most likely because of an increased level of sensitivity in detecting poor performance.