bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research and design of multi‐stage multi‐load wireless power supply system for high voltage online monitoring equipment
Authors: Lu Jianghua , Gui Yineng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany online monitoring devices in substations are placed at high potential differences from the ground, and it is not possible to supply power to these devices directly from the ground through wires. Placing magnetically coupled structures inside the substation pillar insulators for inductive power transfer is considered a feasible solution, and at this stage of research, systems that add multi‐stage repeating coil structures are mostly used to achieve stable power supply for individual online monitoring devices. However, the monitoring point generally requires multiple devices to monitor together, and the power requirements of different devices are different, so adding multiple repeating coils at the same time will increase the complexity of the system design, which is not conducive to engineering applications. Therefore, this paper designs and optimizes a multi‐stage multi‐load wireless power supply system magnetic coupling structure, using a three‐dimensional hollow solenoid combined with a ferrite core as the system repeating coil structure and an embedded magnetic coupling structure as the receiver end structure to reduce the number of system repeating coils while supplying power to devices with different power requirements. A prototype with a transmission distance of 1.02 m was built in the experiment, and the experimental results showed that the highest transmission efficiency of the system was 44.3% and 39.2% under single load and double load conditions, respectively. As the load resistance increases, the system can achieve constant voltage output under both single‐load and dual‐load operating conditions. Adjusting the number of turns of the receiving coil can change the output characteristics of the system and achieve constant voltage output of different voltage levels or constant current output of different current levels, which can meet the power supply needs of different loads.
A hybrid inductor‐current sensor with fast response and high accuracy using online calibration for high‐frequency BUCK DC‐DC converters
Authors: Yuan Wentai , Xie Weitao , Chen Zhijian , Lin Xiaoling , Tang Xian , Zheng Yanqi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a hybrid inductor‐current sensor with fast response and high accuracy using online calibration for 25 MHz BUCK DC‐DC converter. The proposed inductor‐current sensor combines the high accuracy of the senseFET sensing method with the lossless and real‐time response characteristics of the RC filter technique. Comparing to exist techniques, the proposed calibration scheme can make filter coefficient converge even in unsteady state, which improve its effectiveness in practical application. Moreover, the proposed inductor‐current sensor utilizes sample‐based senseFET‐based current sensing to offer calibration reference, which avoid the use of high bandwidth amplifier. Digital current balance control is seamlessly integrated into the 25 MHz 2‐phase digital adaptive time‐controlled (AOT) BUCK DC‐DC converter through the utilization of the proposed hybrid inductor‐current sensor. The 2‐phase BUCK DC‐DC converter is implemented in a standard 0.18‐µm CMOS process. After online calibration, proposed hybrid inductor‐current sensor outputs a full‐wave waveform with high accuracy and low propagation delay of only 9 ns in post‐layout simulation.
Evaluation of single‐cell sorting accuracy using antibody‐derived tag‐based qPCR
Authors: Shi Xiaoshan , Lomas Woodrow E. , Middlebrook Aaron , Fan Wei , D'Cruz Louise M. , Ramani Vishnu , Widmann Stephanie J. , Tyznik Aaron J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSingle‐cell sorting (index sorting) is a widely used method to isolate one cell at a time using fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) for downstream applications such as single‐cell sequencing or single‐cell expansion. Despite widespread use, few assays are available to evaluate the proteomic features of the sorted single cell and further confirm the accuracy of single‐cell sorting. With this caveat, we developed a novel assay to confirm the protein expression of sorted single cells by co‐staining cells with the same marker using both antibody‐derived tags (ADTs) and fluorescent antibodies. After single‐cell sorting, we amplified the oligo of the ADT reagent as a surrogate signal for the protein expression using multiplex TaqMan™ qPCR on sorted cells. This assay is not only useful for confirming the identity of a sorted single cell but also an efficient method to profile proteomic features at the single‐cell level. Finally, we applied this assay to characterize protein expression on whole cell lysate. Because of the sensitivity of the TaqMan™ qPCR, we can detect protein expression from a small number of cells. In summary, the ADT‐based qPCR assay developed here can be utilized to confirm single‐cell sorting accuracy and characterizing protein expression on both single cells and whole cell lysate.
Linear relationships between aboveground biomass and plant species diversity during the initial stage of degraded grassland restoration projects
Authors: Wang Chun‐Jing , Huang Shan‐Feng , Wu Chu‐Ping , Wang Gai‐Ni , Wang Lei , Zhang Yong‐Kun , Wan Ji‐Zhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe relationship between aboveground biomass and plant diversity has been extensively examined to understand the role of biodiversity in ecosystem functions and services. Degraded grassland restoration projects can enhance carbon sequestration. However, the relationship between biomass and diversity remains one of the most actively debated topics regarding grassland ecosystems in degraded grassland restoration projects. We speculated that establishing the linear relationships between aboveground biomass and plant species diversity could contribute to enhancing the efficacy of degraded grassland restoration projects. This study sought to determine whether these relationships were linear during the initial stages of the restoration projects of degraded grasslands in Xing'an League, China. The investigations were based on an examination of seventy‐six 1 × 1 m2 plots distributed among 15 areas in which the degraded grassland was at the initial stages of restoration. To quantify the species diversity of the degraded grassland communities, we used the species richness, Shannon–Wiener, inverse Simpson's reciprocal, and Pielou's evenness indices. Our analyses revealed that aboveground biomass had clear positive linear relationships with species richness during the initial stages of degraded grassland restoration. However, there were less pronounced associations with species diversity as assessed using the Shannon and inverse Simpson indices, based on regression models. Furthermore, weed biomass was found to have significant negative effects on species richness and Pielou's evenness. The weak linear relationship between aboveground biomass and species richness could be ascribed to an increase in weed biomass. We concluded that aboveground biomass and plant species diversity could be enhanced during the initial stages of degraded grassland restoration projects and suggest that the extent of weed biomass could serve as a key indicator of the efficacy of restoration from the perspective of plant species diversity and aboveground biomass in carbon sequestration projects.
New theoretical and analytical framework for quantifying and classifying ecological niche differentiation
Authors: Ascanio Alfredo , Bracken Jason T. , Stevens Martin Henry H. , Jezkova Tereza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEcological niche differentiation is a process that accompanies lineage diversification and community assembly. Traditionally, the degree of niche differentiation is estimated by contrasting niche hypervolumes of two taxa, reconstructed using ecologically relevant variables. These methods disregard the fact that niches can shift in different ways and directions. Without means of discriminating between different types of niche differentiation, important evolutionary and ecological patterns may go unrecognized. Herein, we introduce a new conceptual and methodological framework that allows quantification and classification of niche differentiation and divergence between taxa along single niche axis. This new method, the Niche Divergence Plane, is based on species' responses to an underlying environmental gradient, from which we derive a two‐dimensional plane defined by two indices, niche exclusivity and niche dissimilarity. These two indices identify the proportion of the environmental gradient that is unique to each species, that is, how much of the environmental gradient species do not share (niche breadth exclusivity) and how different the species' responses are along the environmental gradient (niche dissimilarity). Thus, the latter can also be seen as a measure of the differences in niche preference or importance, even when there is significant overlap in niche breadth (i.e., low niche exclusivity). Based on the position of the two indices on the divergence plane, we can distinguish niche conservatism from four other general types of niche divergence: hard, soft, weighted, and nested. We demonstrate that the Niche Divergence Plane complements traditional measures of niche similarity (e.g., Schoener's D or Hellinger's I). Additionally, we show an empirical comparison using the Niche Divergence Plane framework on two Ambystoma salamanders. Overall, we demonstrate that the Niche Divergence Plane is a versatile tool that can be used to complement and expand previous methods of ecological niche comparisons and the study of ecological niche divergence.
Risk factors for raised left ventricular filling pressure by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Prognostic insights
Authors: Thomson Ross J. , Grafton‐Clarke Ciaran , Matthews Gareth , Swoboda Peter P. , Swift Andrew J. , Frangi Alejandro , Petersen Steffen E. , Aung Nay , Garg Pankaj 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging shows promise in estimating pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) non‐invasively. At the population level, the prognostic role of CMR‐modelled PCWP remains unknown. Furthermore, the relationship between CMR‐modelled PCWP and established risk factors for cardiovascular disease has not been well characterized.ObjectiveThe main aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of CMR‐modelled PCWP at the population level.MethodsEmploying data from the imaging substudy of the UK Biobank, a very large prospective population‐based cohort study, CMR‐modelled PCWP was calculated using a model incorporating left atrial volume, left ventricular mass and sex. Logistic regression explored the relationships between typical cardiovascular risk factors and raised CMR‐modelled PCWP (≥15 mmHg). Cox regression was used to examine the impact of typical risk factors and CMR‐modelled PCWP on heart failure (HF) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).ResultsData from 39 163 participants were included in the study. Median age of all participants was 64 years (inter‐quartile range: 58 to 70), and 47% were males. Clinical characteristics independently associated with raised CMR‐modelled PCWP included hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–1.70, P < 0.001], body mass index (BMI) [OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.52–1.62, per standard deviation (SD) increment, P < 0.001], male sex (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.26–1.47, P < 0.001), age (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.27–1.41, per decade increment, P < 0.001) and regular alcohol consumption (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.19, P = 0.012). After adjusting for potential confounders, CMR‐modelled PCWP was independently associated with incident HF [hazard ratio (HR) 2.91, 95% CI 2.07–4.07, P < 0.001] and MACE (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.16–1.89, P = 0.002).ConclusionsRaised CMR‐modelled PCWP is an independent risk factor for incident HF and MACE. CMR‐modelled PCWP should be incorporated into routine CMR reports to guide HF diagnosis and further management.
Novel identification of mAbs by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Duan Maoqin , Liu Jun , Wang Lan , Du Jialiang , Zhang Jialing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe identification of the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a key component of quality by design. Traditional detection methods for the identification of mAbs, such as peptide mapping and weak cation‐exchange chromatography (WCX‐HPLC), require sophisticated equipment, experienced staff, and a considerable amount of time. In this study, the novel identification of mAbs was performed using Raman spectroscopy, combined with the evaluation of other CQAs, such as the appearance and purity of size‐exclusion high‐performance liquid chromatography(SEC‐HPLC), charge heterogeneity of WCX‐HPLC, and bioassay. Raman spectroscopy achieved comparable results to the conventional, but complex, approach to identifying anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies. Raman spectroscopy was used to identify and distinguish between different antibody types. Additionally, the Raman technique with principal component analysis of multivariate algorithms is rapid, efficient, and accurate for mAb identification; this technique has great potential to support biopharmaceutical development and counterfeiters.
Empirical modeling of H2S removal from biogas by chemical absorption in electrochemically prepared solutions containing iron ions
Authors: Bruna Mayer , Eduardo Eyng , Laercio Mantovani Frare , Fábio Orssatto , Ilton José Baraldi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor the energy use of biogas, it is important to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as it is highly corrosive. Chemical absorption is a technology that has proven to be effective for H2S removal. Based on the principle of this technology, the objective of this research was to evaluate the removal of H2S from biogas via chemical absorption using solutions containing Iron III ions (Fe3+). These solutions were produced electrochemically based on experimental designs that had pH and electrolysis time as independent variables, as well as the solution deactivation time as a response variable. The Fe3+ ion solutions were prepared in the laboratory and subsequently used in biogas purification tests, which were carried out using biogas from a poultry slaughtering agro‐industry biodigester. The results indicated a good performance of the solutions for H2S removal when compared with distilled water. It was possible to observe that better results for the deactivation time can be found when higher pH values are used in the solutions, within the range applied in this study. The solution prepared under pH 7.4 and electrolysis time of 22.1 min provided a deactivation time 83% greater than water one. In addition, it was possible to find a significant mathematical model that describes the solution deactivation time as a function of pH.
Evaluation of futures frequency method: Approach and main results
Authors: Halonen Minna , Hyytinen Kirsi , Kurki Sofi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe evaluation reported in this article explores the impacts and adaptability of Futures Frequency, a workshop method for futures thinking. The method is intended to improve participants' abilities to imagine alternative futures and initiate actions toward preferred futures, thereby enhancing futures thinking and change‐making skills. The evaluation framework is rooted in the approach of developmental evaluation with the goal of identifying practices that support the dissemination of futures thinking in society. The evaluation framework comprises a multidimensional evaluation of impacts, participatory forums for joint evaluation and learning, and diverse quantitative and qualitative data. Findings reveal clear indications of Futures Frequency influencing individuals’ thought processes and inspiring varied courses of actions, particularly at the individual level. Participants showed improved futures thinking skills and a greater ability to question assumptions about the future. At the community level, improvements were seen in questioning the future prospects of organizations, and at the societal level there was evidence of greater involvement of different groups in debates about the future. The study underscores the value of stimulating conversations in Futures Frequency workshops and the difficulty of maintaining interest in futures thinking. Integrating the method with an organization's ongoing activities was suggested as a way to promote sustained engagement. As the study was mainly aimed at expert workshops, further research is needed on the suitability of the Futures Frequency method for different groups and its potential to support forward‐looking debate across social groups.
The significance of cultural context in the classification of preferred mouth behavior: Exploring eating behavior using causal network analysis
Authors: How Syahmeer , Kantono Kevin , Hedelund Pia I. , Hamid Nazimah , Azhar Adlin Najihah , Ventrakamani Aishwarya , Sulaiman Alifdalino 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPreferred mouth behavior studies have mostly focused on Western populations using the JBMB tool to determine how food is manipulated in the mouth. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between preferred mouth behavior and eating behavior among the diverse group of 209 Malaysians participants. A series of Analysis of Variances and an unsupervised machine learning technique known as Latent Class Clustering were utilized to determine individual's oral behavior. The Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire was later modeled using causal networks, specifically Partial Least Squares‐Confirmatory Factor Analysis, to uncover relationship between appetitive qualities. The results from this study showed that cultural context and appropriateness play an essential role when classifying preferred mouth behavior using behavioral questionnaires and models. Furthermore, this study also determined the relationship between eating behavior and preferred mouth behavior, as well as unique differences in eating behavior observed among the mouth behavior groups.
Bridging the gap for underserved populations: Personalized AI solutions for college access and learning support
Authors: Johnson Diane Longhurst , Davis Courtney Grant 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) technology offers promising solutions to underserved populations in the United States. AI tools can reduce college access and academic barriers for low‐income students, first‐generation college students, racial and ethnic minorities, individuals with disabilities, and students living in rural areas. While AI tools offer support to college students from all demographics, they offer uniquely individualized assistance to underserved students to overcome the complex postsecondary schooling challenges they face. Examples of the nuanced, often complex, obstacles faced by these vulnerable students are discussed along with brief descriptions of AI tools that can help. AI tools leverage the power of high‐speed computing, expansive access to information, machine learning capabilities, and natural language processing. Utilizing the power of AI tools, vulnerable learners can increase their access to financial, academic, and social resources needed to attend and be successful in postsecondary education. AI tools also help close opportunity gaps as they provide means by which college students gain increased independence and control over their educational and career journeys. Note that the AI tools referenced in this article are included as examples only. We encourage ongoing discussion of AI‐powered tools and solutions to help underserved students gain more access to higher education and get individualized support for vulnerable learners.Practical Takeaways
Highlighting the potential of AI in addressing educational inequalities.
Using AI in higher education settings for educators to better understand and respond to student needs.
Implementing AI usage in higher education settings for underserved populations to reduce dropout rates.
Leveraging technology to offer tailored guidance, bridging gaps, and fostering community among the underserved populations in higher education.
Transoral robotic parapharyngeal space dissection
Authors: Virós Porcuna David , Pollán Guisasola Carlos M. , Viña Soria Constanza , Vergés Fort Pablo , Palau Viarnès Mar , Juesas Iglesias Luis , De Virgilio Armando 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) provides a minimally invasive approach to address tumors in selected and challenging anatomical locations. Among the critical areas where TORS demonstrates its prowess is the oropharynx. Oropharyngeal tumors can invade parapharyngeal space (PPS) which contains vital structures such as the carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and cranial nerves IX–XII. A deeper understanding of the endoscopic anatomy of the parapharyngeal space could reduce the morbidity associated with tumor resection in this dense neurovascular area. This video‐article provides a step‐by‐step cadaveric dissection of the lower PPS though a transoral robotic approach.
Micelle Enabled Buchwald‐Hartwig Amination in Water with the Bening by Design Surfactant TPGS‐750‐M for the Synthesis of the JAK Inhibitor 4‐((2‐Chlorophenyl)amino)‐6‐((6‐methylpyridin‐2‐yl)amino)nicotinamide
Authors: Jiang Hao , Wu Bin , Rufle Dominik , Wang Liping , Shi Min , Parmentier Michael , Gallou Fabrice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn efficient and scalable Buchwald‐Hartwig amination towards the synthesis of the API candidate 4‐((2‐Chlorophenyl)amino)‐6‐((6‐methylpyridin‐2‐yl)amino)nicotinamide as a JAK inhibitor was described. The process was developed using water and a water‐miscible co‐solvent. It was facilitated by the benign by design surfactant TPGS‐750‐M, that promoted the robust and reliable preparation of our target compound in high yields, with improved reaction profile and via an operationally simple protocol.
Efficacy of escalating therapy with brentuximab vedotin‐AVD in advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma patients with positive interim positron emission tomography after ABVD
Authors: Martínez Carmen , Carcelero Esther , Gutiérrez Antonio , Sancho Esther , Martí‐Tutusaus Josep Maria , Magnano Laura , Mozas Pablo , Fernández‐Avilés Francesc , Antelo María Gabriela , Setoain Xavier , Rodríguez Sonia , Esteve Jordi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPatients with advanced‐stage Hodgkin lymphoma treated with ABVD who have a positive interim FDG‐PET (iPET) have a poor prognosis. Escalation to BEACOPP has been shown to improve progression‐free survival (PFS). However, randomized trials are lacking to determine the best strategy for intensification. We report on A‐AVD escalation treatment outcomes for 15 iPET‐positive patients post‐ABVD. Overall response and complete response rates were 80% and 60%, respectively. Four patients underwent salvage therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. At a median 17‐month follow‐up, all patients are alive, 87% in complete remission, and 1‐year PFS was 57.8%. For patients ineligible for BEACOPP due to age, comorbidities, or preference, A‐AVD escalation may be a viable alternative.