bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intravenous dexmedetomidine versus ketamine–dexmedetomidine combination on spinal block characteristics in patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery – A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Krishna Annapureddy Sai , Agarwal Jyotsna , Khanuja Samiksha , Kumar Sandeep , Khan Adam , Butt Khairat Mohammad 
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims:
One major limitation of the spinal block remains the inability to extend the duration of the block intraoperatively unless planned before with spinal or epidural catheters and/or intrathecal additives. This study was designed to compare the effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine versus low-dose ketamine–dexmedetomidine combination infusion on spinal anaesthesia in lower limb orthopaedic surgeries.

Methods:
This randomised study was conducted in 60 patients scheduled for unilateral lower limb surgeries under spinal anaesthesia. Patients were randomised into Group D (n = 30) (0.5 µg/kg of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine bolus followed by maintenance infusion at 0.5 µg/kg/h) and Group LKD (n = 30) (IV bolus of 0.5 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine and 0.2 mg/kg of ketamine, followed by maintenance infusions of dexmedetomidine and ketamine at 0.5 µg/kg/h and 0.2 mg/kg/h, respectively). Ramsay Sedation Scale score of 3–4 was maintained. The t-test or the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the parameters between groups.

Results:
The mean sacral segment 1 (S1) regression time was 390.3 [standard deviation (SD):84.38] [95% confidence interval (CI): 360.13, 420.53] versus 393.23 (SD: 93.01) (95% CI: 363.04, 423.43) min in Group D versus Group LKD respectively ((P = 0.701). The number of episodes of hypotension was significantly higher in Group D (19 patients) compared to Group LKD (nine patients) (P = 0.001). Pre- and postoperative stress markers (24 h) and the incidence of postoperative nausea and shivering were comparable between the two groups (P > 0.05). Tramadol requirement in the postoperative period was significantly less in Group LKD compared to Group D (P = 0.003).

Conclusion:
The duration of S1 regression was similar between group dexmedetomidine (Group D) and group low-dose ketamine and dexmedetomidine (Group LKD).
Application of bacteriophage therapy in the treatment of children with acute tonsillitis
Authors: Tolkunovna Turdieva Shokhida , Nishanovich Fayziev Abitdjan , Kizi Abdurashidova Kholida Botir 
Published: August 2024

Context
In pediatrics, there is an increasing interest in the therapeutic efficacy of inhaled bacteriophages for treating infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract in children.

Aim
To analyze the effectiveness of inhaled bacteriophage therapy in children with acute tonsillitis (AT).

Settings and Design
Clinical observation of patients was based on a randomized, controlled research method.

Methods and Material
A total of 212 sick children aged 4–15 years who had AT were examined. Bacteriophage therapy was carried out by nebulizer inhalation using the liquid polyvalent piobacteriophage. Patients were divided into two groups based on the treatment method. One group of patients received a course of bacteriophage therapy against the background of standard treatment.

Results
When patients sought medical help, during the general clinical examination, the following were noted: cervical lymphadenopathy (98.6%), hyperemia of the tonsils and hyperplasia (98.1%), against the background of hyperthermia. Bacteriological analysis of the pharynx mucus showed that the main causative agents of AT in children were the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Patients who underwent inhaled bacteriophage therapy in the early stages of treatment experienced a 1.4-fold greater disappearance of objective signs of pathological processes in the tonsils against the backdrop of rapid improvement in the well-being of sick children. Moreover, the use of a combination of antibiotic therapy and bacteriophage therapy led to a decrease in the detection of pathogenic bacteria, and the effectiveness of drug treatment increased four times.

Conclusion
The use of bacteriophage therapy in the complex treatment of AT in children contributes to a more rapid relief of the acute period against the background of an improvement in the subjective assessment of well-being by up to 25%, and a decrease in the detection of pathogenic bacteria.
Nevus sebaceous of the eyelid: A unique presentation and literature review
Authors: Alrashed Saleh , Altwijri Rahaf , Alsemari Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
Nevus sebaceous has been described since 1895 by Jadassohn. It has been described as unctuous yellow nodules with granular-pitted surfaces as a hypertrophic sebaceous gland. It usually appears on the face, scalp, and neck. It has been stated to involve three stages. (1) Being small and yellow in nature and hairless. (2) Enlargement of the glandular part. (3) Malignant transformation. There are a few cases of nevus sebaceous involving the eyelid margin that have been reported in the English literature. We here report a case report of a nevus sebaceous in a child involving the upper and lower lid margin.
Therapeutic efficacy of two tear supplements in the management of dry eye disease in Saudi Arabia: The Twaiq Mountain Eye Study II
Authors: AlShammeri Saleh , AlKhaldi Saleh A. , AlMutairi Reem T. , AlZamil Hamad A. , AlJohani Saad M. , AlJohani Saeed , AlDakhil Sulaiman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
Comparison of the effectiveness between a lipid-based (Cationorm® [CTN]) and nonlipid-based (Artelac Advanced®, 0.2% sodium hyaluronate [SH]) tear supplements in the management of dry eye disease.

METHODS:
This was a randomized, single-masked study (0.2% SH vs. lipid-based eye drops) in two parallel groups over 4 weeks. n = 44 patients were evaluated. The outcome of the tear supplements on the ocular surface symptoms, tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear break-up time (NITBUT), lipid layer thickness (LLT), corneal and conjunctival redness, and strip meniscometry tube (SMTube) were measured after 4 weeks, compared to baseline.

RESULTS:
Compared to the baseline, a lipid-based (CTN) eye drop achieved a significant reduction in symptoms (14.25 ± 12.70 vs. 38.60 ± 23.13 score, n = 22 patients) at 4 weeks; Artelac Advanced®, 0.2% SH and CTN showed an improvement in TMH, but it was statistically significant improved in CTN group in compared to 0.2% SH group. Statistical analysis showed improvement in NITBUT and corneal and conjunctival redness in both treatment groups. At 4 weeks, the LLT had further increased in Artelac Advanced®, 0.2% SH group. Both eye drops did not change the tear production measured by SMTube after 4 weeks.

CONCLUSION:
Both lipid-based (CTN) and nonlipid-based Artelac Advanced®, 0.2% SH eye drops effectively improved tear volume, tear film stability, and ocular surface health. In addition, lipid-based CTN significantly decreased dry eye symptoms compared to Artelac Advanced®, 0.2% SH.
A Review of Landmark Judgments on Medical Negligence
Authors: Munisankar Prudvi , Mada Prashanth , Banka Lahari 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In light of the survey by the Indian Medical Association showing prevalent fear among medical practitioners regarding legal repercussions, this article examines key judicial precedents that uphold the rights and responsibilities of doctors in cases of alleged medical negligence. Drawing from notable cases such as Martin F. D’ Souza versus Mohd. Ishfaq and Kusum Sharma and Ors versus Batra Hospital and Med. Research Center, the authors interpret crucial principles and emphasize the significance of adherence to standard practices. In addition, it throws light on recent legislative amendments, notably Section 106(1) of The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, and proposed reforms to alleviate criminal prosecution for medical negligence cases. Overall, the analysis presented herein seeks to strengthen the confidence of medical practitioners, reduce their apprehensions regarding legal complications, and promote an encouraging environment for the practice of medicine.
A Case of Catatonia in an 11-year-old Male
Authors: Meshram Sheetal Reshram , Vaidya Tanvi , Bhat Abhay Keshava , Dakshikar Sarika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Catatonia due to conversion especially is rare in adults and rarest in children. We present an 11-year-old male with a history of refusal to feed, withdrawn behavior, staring spells, reduced speech output, immobility, posturing, occasional aggression, and decreased self-care that gradually progressed for 1 month and increased over the past 1 week. The patient was treated for catatonia due to an underlying psychiatric disorder. Symptoms of catatonia disappeared uncovering neurological symptoms of conversion. The patient was started on low-dose antipsychotic and showed improvement in both catatonic and conversive symptoms. Behavioral therapy along with medications was continued.
Atypical Presentation of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Clinician’s Dilemma
Authors: Faizee Faizaan , Bhat Abhay Keshava , Jhalak Prashant , Dakshikar Sarika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The following case report is of a 17-year-old male who presented to the emergency psychiatry department with complaints of aggressiveness, suspiciousness, hallucinatory behavior with abnormal movements of upper limbs for the past 2 months on the background of withdrawn behavior, low mood, and scholastic deterioration for the past year with positive cerebrospinal fluid antimeasles antibody screen but consecutive normal electroencephalograph (EEG) who responded to olanzapine and valproate with complete control of abnormal behavior and movements. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a dire sequela of measles-induced encephalitis. Symptoms appear around 6–15 years after a primary infection and have varied presentation with mortality around 3 to 6 years of symptom onset. Eighteen percentage of cases show normal EEG tracing with spontaneous remission of clinical features.
Behavioral Types and Cognitive Functions of Parents with and without Alcohol Use Disorder: A Cross-sectional Comparative Study
Authors: Sudevan Swasthy Sheela , Vidyadharan Varsha , Tharayil Harish M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Children of parents with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at risk for a wide range of neuropsychological dysfunction and psychopathology. These traits or states may increase their vulnerability to developing substance use. This study attempts to examine the behavioral, intellectual, and cognitive dimensions in children of parents with alcohol dependence so that early identification and intervention can be planned.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional comparative study was done among age- and sex-matched children of alcohol-dependent parents (COA [Children of parents with alcohol use disorder], n = 54) and nonusers (CON [children of non-COA parents], n = 54). Developmental psychopathology checklist, Malins Intelligence Scale, digit span test, and trail-making test were used to assess children. The severity of the alcohol dependence questionnaire was used for the assessment of parents with AUD. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean, and range are provided. Comparison between groups was done using the Chi-square test and independent t-test as appropriate.

Results:
COA had significantly higher behavioral problems, more stressors, difficult temperamental traits, low intellectual functioning, deficits in attention, information processing speed, and working memory.

Conclusion:
Children with parental AUD had a higher prevalence of various behavioral and emotional problems and executive dysfunction.
Neuropsychological Deficits and Disability Profile of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Attending Disability Boards
Authors: Ayirolimeethal Anithakumari , Vidyadharan Varsha , Tharayil Harish M. , George Biju 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health concern, often resulting in neurocognitive and psychological deficits leading to diverse disability profiles. This study investigates the neuropsychological deficits and disability profiles of TBI patients attending disability boards, aiming to provide insights for tailored interventions and support systems.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study recruited 35 TBI patients attending a multidisciplinary medical board for disability assessment. Sociodemographic and clinical data, including neurocognitive assessments, were collected using standardized tools. Statistical analysis was performed using Jamovi software.

Results:
The majority of participants was males (74.3%) with a mean age of 44.1 years. Closed head injuries were predominant (65.7%), with most subjects experiencing loss of consciousness (97.1%) and undergoing neurosurgical intervention (37.1%). Psychiatric or neurocognitive disability was prevalent (98%), with significant impairments observed across various cognitive domains. However, no significant association was found between overall disability ratings and cognitive impairments.

Discussion:
Findings reveal a high prevalence of psychiatric or neurocognitive disability among TBI survivors attending Disability Boards, with significant impairments impacting daily functioning. While disability ratings encompass various functional domains, cognitive impairments remain a significant challenge for rehabilitation and support.

Conclusion:
TBI survivors attending Disability Boards exhibit substantial neuropsychological deficits, significantly affecting daily activities and quality of life. Tailored interventions targeting cognitive impairments are essential for comprehensive rehabilitation and support services. Further research is warranted to explore the nuances of disability profiles and their implications for long-term care and well-being.
Benefits of jejunostomy feeding in patients who underwent gastrectomy for cancer treatment
Authors: Jaquet Romain , Rivkine Emmanuel , De Souza Nicole , Roudié Jean 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer is associated with significant undernutrition responsible for an increase in morbidity and mortality after gastrectomy.
AIM
To evaluate the impact of enteral nutrition by jejunostomy feeding in patients undergoing gastrectomy for cancer.
METHODS
Between 2003 and 2017, all patients undergoing gastrectomy for cancer treatment were included retrospectively. A group with jejunostomy (J + group) and a group without jejunostomy (J - group) were compared.
RESULTS
Of the 172 patients included, 60 received jejunostomy. Preoperatively, the two groups were comparable with respect to the nutritional parameters studied (body mass index, albumin, etc. ). In the postoperative period, the J + group lost less weight and albumin: 5.74 ± 8.4 vs 9.86 ± 7.5 kg (P = 0.07) and 7.2 ± 5.6 vs 14.7 ± 12.7 g/L (P = 0.16), respectively. Overall morbidity was 25% in the J + group and 36.6% in the J - group (P = 0.12). The J + group had fewer respiratory, infectious, and grade 3 complications: 0% vs 5.4% (P = 0.09), 1.2% vs 9.3% (P = 0.03), and 0% vs 4.7% (P = 0.05), respectively. The 30-day mortality was 6.7% in the J + group and 6.3% in the J - group (P = 0.91).
CONCLUSION
Jejunostomy feeding after gastrectomy improves nutritional characteristics and decreases postoperative morbidity. A prospective study could confirm our results.
Relationship between postoperative rehabilitation style, gastrointestinal function, and inflammatory factor levels in children with intussusception
Authors: Wei Xue-Yan , Huo Hong-Chang , Li Xin , Sun Su-Li , Zhang Jun 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Intussusception occurs in children and progresses rapidly. If not treated in time, it may lead to secondary complications such as intestinal perforation, which affect the quality of life and health of children. Surgery is the most common clinical treatment and has a good effect. However, the postoperative prognosis of children with intussusception has a correlation with the postoperative rehabilitation method. Therefore, in this study, we explored the relationship between postoperative rehabilitation, gastrointestinal function, and the expression of inflammatory factors in children with intussusception.
AIM
To explore the relationship between postoperative rehabilitation, gastrointestinal function, and inflammatory factor levels in children with intussusception.
METHODS
The medical records of 18 children who were admitted to our hospital for intussusception surgery between October 2022 and May 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into the routine nursing group (n = 6) and rehabilitation training group (n = 12) according to the postoperative rehabilitation method. The general data, gastrointestinal function, and inflammatory factor levels of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis of gastrointestinal function, inflammatory factors, and postoperative rehabilitation was performed.
RESULTS
We found no significant intergroup differences in sex, age, or disease course (P > 0.05). The times to first defecation, bowel sound recovery, and anal exhaust were shorter and inflammatory factor levels were lower in the rehabilitation training group than in the routine nursing group (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that gastrin and motilin levels were positively correlated with postoperative rehabilitation (P < 0.05). Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were negatively correlated with postoperative rehabilitation (P < 0.05). Gastrointestinal function was positively correlated (P < 0.05), and levels of inflammatory factors were negatively correlated with postoperative recovery time (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
We found a positive correlation between gastrointestinal function and postoperative rehabilitation training, and a negative correlation between inflammatory factor levels and rehabilitation training in children with intussusception.
Literasi Media Sosial: Upaya Pencegahan Pemalsuan Identitas Digital
Authors: Kurniasih Nuning 
Published: August 2024

The increase in internet usage has led to an increase in cybercrime. One of the crimes in cyberspace is caused by online impersonation. In these conditions, it is important to socialize social media literacy, especially in an effort to prevent digital identity fraud. The purpose of this community service activity is to equip the community with social media literacy in order to avoid the dangers of social media misuse, especially those caused by impersonation or digital identity forgery. The problem was analyzed by reviewing phenomena, news and research findings on social media misuse and crime, especially those related to identity forgery in Indonesia. The training or Webinar material includes an understanding of media literacy, an understanding of social media literacy, knowledge of types of social media misuse, instilling awareness of the dangers of digital identity forgery, knowledge of the types of digital identity impersonation or forgery and efforts to prevent digital identity forgery. The target audiences for this community service activity are students, academics and the general public. The training material was delivered in a Webinar on the Zoom App and broadcast live on the YouTube channel. The understanding of the target audience of the material presented during the community service activity can be seen during the question and answer session or discussion. In this session, it was seen that the target audience asked several questions that were in accordance with the training material presented. From the observations in the Q&A or discussion session, the target audience had a very good understanding of the training material they received.
Sosialisasi Perkembangan Ilmu Komputer Di Era Modern Pada Desa Sei Rotan
Authors: Eka Putra  , Rizky Vita Losi  , Ananda  
Published: August 2024

Pada Perkembangan ilmu komputer saat ini, yang mayoritas kebutuhan manusia berbasis digitalisasi dan bisa diatur menggunakan teknologi. Penggunaan teknologi selalu berdampak pada perkembangan masyarakat karena teknologi selalu terupdate, bervariasi dan feksibel sehingga dapat digunakan dengan mudah. sekarang ini ilmu komputer atau teknologi dapat memberikan dampak negatif bagi masyarakat. Dikarenakan masih banyak masyarakat yang belum mengetahui tentang perkembangan ilmu komputer yang berkaitan dengan teknologi di era modern saat ini. Tujuan Pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan kontribusi serta meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam mengatasi permasalahan tentang perkembangan ilmu komputer saat ini. Dengan adanya perkembangan ilmu komputer saat ini diharapkan dapat memberi manfaat bagi masyarakat, yang mana masyarakat sei tuan harus mampu mengetahui perkembangan ilmu komputer dan dapat mengoperasikan perangkat lunak komputer. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masayarakat adalah melaksanakan pengabdian. Sasaran dan pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah masyarakat Desa Sei Rotan.
Use of Work Sampling to Determine Standard Time in Sales Outlet Performance: A Case Study
Authors: Rosyidi Moh Ririn , Izzah Nailul 
Published: August 2024

Working time measurement is an attempt to identify the typical time required to finish a job in order to achieve a balance between output produced and labour performed. During the investigation, the problem was that employee working hours varied, thus it was required to enhance the working hours of sales outlet personnel. The findings of observations in non-productive areas were 0.27, indicating that there was still allowance time occurring at that site, indicating that research must be conducted continually. Trying to achieve standard time throughout sales outlet working hours and looking for strategies to boost outlet worker efficiency during the job process. The work sample approach was employed in the company's research, and the results showed that the standard time for a sales outlet to serve each customer required a minimum of p.1= 6.162 minutes, p.2= 8.453 minutes, for a total of 18.17 minutes. The standard productivity that two outlet employees must achieve during one shift (6 working hours) can be calculated using the standard time computation, which is a minimum of 19.81 ≈ 20 pcs of products sold.
Computer Network Management Optimization Through Big Data Analysis Using Time Series Analysis Method
Authors: Putra Fauzan Prasetyo Eka , Ubaidi Ubaidi , Huda Moh Abroril , Hasbullah Hasbullah , Rohman Abd 
Published: August 2024

Efficient management of computer networks is becoming increasingly important in the ever-evolving digital age. With the ever-increasing volume of data in the network environment, sophisticated approaches are needed to analyse and optimise network performance. One promising approach is the use of big data analysis with time series analysis methods. In this context, this research aims to explore the potential application of big data analysis using the time series analysis method in computer network management. By combining the power of big data analysis with time series analysis methodology. One of the main applications of big data analysis in computer networks is security threat detection. By analysing unusual traffic patterns or suspicious behaviour, the system can identify potential attacks or data leaks more quickly and efficiently. In addition, big data analytics can also be used to optimise network performance by identifying bottlenecks, predicting capacity requirements, and improving the efficiency of resource usage by utilising big data analytics in the context of computer networks. However, challenges related to data privacy and security remain a major concern that must be addressed in the application of this technology. Therefore, it is important to develop a framework that takes into account the security and privacy aspects of data throughout the big data analysis process. Through this research, it is hoped that innovative solutions to the challenges of managing complex computer networks in the evolving digital era can be found, as well as provide a solid foundation for further research in this field.