bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of diffusion‐weighted MR imaging performed with quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient values for cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: Wu Lian‐Ming , Xu Jian‐Rong , Hua Jia , Gu Hai‐Yan , Zhu Jiong , Hu Jiani 
Published: June 2013

PurposeTo assess diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI‐MRI) performed with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for the detection of cervical lymphadenopathy.Materials and MethodsStudies evaluating DWI‐MRI for the detection of cervical lymphadenopathy were systematically searched for in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cancerlit, and Cochrane Library and other database from January 1995 to November 2010. By node‐based data analyses, Cochrane methodology was used for the results of this meta‐analysis.ResultsEight studies enrolling a total of 229 individuals were eligible for inclusion. Significant differences were found between malignant nodes and benign nodes of the mean ADC value (WMD [weighted‐mean difference]: 1.19, 95% CI: [1.02, 1.35] × 10−3 mm2/s, [P < 0.05]). In the secondary outcomes, significant differences were found between lymphomatous nodes and benign nodes (WMD: 1.33, 95% CI: [0.89, 1.77] × 10−3 mm2/s), and nodes originating from highly or moderately differentiated cancer (WMD: 0.24, 95% CI: [0.21, 0.28] × 10−3 mm2/s, [P < 0.05]), and nodes originating from poorly differentiated cancers (WMD: 0.10, 95% CI: [0.06, 0.14] × 10−3 mm2/s, [P < 0.05]).ConclusionDWI‐MRI performed with ADC values shows significant differences among malignant nodes, lymphomatous nodes, and benign nodes in cervical lymphadenopathy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;38:663–670. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Domain‐General and Domain‐Specific Creative‐Thinking Tests: Effects of Gender and Item Content on Test Performance
Authors: Hong Eunsook , Peng Yun , O'Neil Harold F. , Wu Junbin 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe study examined the effects of gender and item content of domain‐general and domain‐specific creative‐thinking tests on four subscale scores of creative‐thinking (fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration). Chinese tenth‐grade students (234 males and 244 females) participated in the study. Domain‐general creative thinking was measured by using two domain‐independent items—box and newspaper. Domain‐specific creative thinking was measured in the domain of history by two history‐specific items—school uniform and health food—that were part of lessons in modern Chinese history. Domain‐general creative‐thinking scores were not different across gender in any of the four subscales. In domain‐specific creative thinking, female students produced more responses (fluency) and more categories of ideas (flexibility), and more detailed answers (elaboration) on both items than did males. Gender difference was not found in originality. Item effects were significant in both general and specific creative‐thinking scores, with higher fluency, flexibility, and elaboration for the newspaper than the box item, and higher fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration for the school uniform than the health food item. The findings on both gender and item effects support the contention that personal interest and life experience influence the generation of creative solutions. The finding that gender did not differ in domain‐general creative‐thinking was expected, as the two general items (box and newspaper) are experienced similarly by both genders. As most of the creative‐thinking tests are influenced by individuals' experience beyond creative‐thinking ability, judicial evaluation and use of creative‐thinking scores are underscored.
The Emergence of Student Creativity in Classroom Settings: A Case Study of Elementary Schools in Korea
Authors: Cho Younsoon , Chung Hye Young , Choi Kyoulee , Seo Choyoung , Baek Eunjoo 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis research explores the emergence of student creativity in classroom settings, specifically within two content areas: science and social studies. Fourteen classrooms in three elementary schools in Korea were observed, and the teachers and students were interviewed. The three types of student creativity emerging in the teaching and learning process found in this research were: (a) heuristic creativity when the students express their thoughts about a new concept based on their experience, (b) interpretive creativity when the students explain the meaning of materials based on students' knowledge, and (c) integrative creativity when students generate new solutions or make new products based on their internalized knowledge. The study results will challenge teachers to find instances of student creativity in their teaching and learning situations and to facilitate student creativity when the students interpret data or materials related to the contents of the curriculum.
Adduction moment increases with age in healthy obese individuals
Authors: Blazek Katerina , Asay Jessica L. , Erhart‐Hledik Jennifer , Andriacchi Thomas 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThere is a need to understand how obesity and aging interact to cause an increased risk of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study tested whether the knee adduction and flexion moments increase with age in healthy normal‐weight and obese adults, as well as the mechanism of this increase. We analyzed whether ground reaction force magnitude, knee alignment, step width, toe‐out angle, body volume distribution, and limb position (knee position relative to the pelvis center) are associated with the adduction moment and whether these variables also change with age. Ninety‐six healthy volunteers (60 normal‐weight and 36 obese) were tested using marker‐based gait analysis; knee alignment was based on marker positions during quiet standing. Adduction moment increased with age in obese (R2 = 0.19), but not in normal‐weight individuals (R2 = 0.01); knee flexion moment did not change with age in either group. In the obese, only knee alignment and limb position were related to the adduction moment (R2 = 0.19 and 0.51), but only limb position changed with age (R2 = 0.26). The resulting increase in adduction moment suggests greater medial compartment loads, which may combine with elevated levels of inflammation to contribute to the increased risk of medial OA in this population. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1414–1422, 2013
Cholesteatoma in cleft lip and palate: A population‐based follow‐up study of children after ventilation tubes
Authors: Spilsbury Katrina , Ha Jennifer F. , Semmens James B. , Lannigan Francis 
Published: June 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate the association of cleft conditions and the development of secondary cholesteatoma following middle ear ventilation tube insertion (MEVTI) in children.Study DesignA retrospective cohort study of all children born after 1980 who underwent at least one MEVTI in a Western Australian hospital from 1980 to 2009 using administrative health data.MethodsThe timing and number of MEVTIs, adenoidectomy, type of cleft conditions and cholesteatoma were identified along with demographic variables. Flexible parametric proportional hazards models and hazard functions using age as a time scale were used to estimate the relative rate of developing cholesteatoma.ResultsThere were 56,949 children who underwent at least one MEVTI during the study period. There were 869 (1.5%) children who also had a diagnosis of a cleft condition. Overall, 594 (1.0%) children developed a secondary cholesteatoma. After taking length of follow‐up into account, 6.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.0‐9.6) of children with cleft conditions developed cholesteatoma by 18 years of age compared to 1.5% (95% CI, 1.3‐1.6) of children without cleft conditions. After adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, children with cleft conditions developed cholesteatoma 7.5 (95% CI, 3.8‐18.2) times faster after first MEVTI compared to children without cleft conditions, although by the third MEVTI this difference was no longer statistically significant (P = .257). The rate of developing cholesteatoma in 2005 to 2009 was 0.5 (95% CI, 0.3‐0.8) times that of 1980 to 1990.ConclusionsChildren with cleft conditions are at increased risk of developing cholesteatoma compared to other children who had one or two MEVTIs, although the overall rate of cholesteatoma is declining.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 123:2024–2029, 2013
Towards Tailored Porous Polymers Using Solvent Effects in Catalytic Degradation
Authors: Sedransk Kyra L. , McGregor James , Mitchell Jonathan , Moggridge Geoffrey D. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe potential for tailored synthesis of porous materials using catalytic degradation of block copolymers has been shown, employing an adaptable one‐pot method. Carefully selected solvent systems help to control the pore size and molecular weight of the product. In the degradation of PS–PB–PS, 2nd Generation Grubbs' catalyst creates scissions in the PB carbon–carbon double bonds resulting in the formation of a porous structure. Critically, methanol is used to maintain the integrity of the polymeric structure during this etching. Catalyst deactivation effected by methanol can be limited through using an excess of 1‐hexene; thereby introducing a competitive metathesis process. Altering the ratio of the co‐solvents employed further controls the degradation of PS–PB–PS and hence the resulting pore structures.
A Multicolor Photoinitiator for Cationic Polymerization and Interpenetrated Polymer Network Synthesis: 2,7‐Di‐tert‐butyldimethyldihydropyrene
Authors: Tehfe Mohamad‐Ali , Dumur Frédéric , Vilà Neus , Graff Bernadette , Mayer Cédric R. , Fouassier Jean Pierre , Gigmes Didier , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFor polymer synthesis upon visible light, actual photoinitiator operates in a restricted part of the spectrum. As a consequence, several photoinitiators are necessary to harvest all of the emitted visible photons. Herein, 2,7‐di‐tert‐butyldimethyldihydropyrene is used for the first time as a multicolor photoinitiator for the cationic polymerization of epoxides. Upon addition of diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate and optionally N‐vinylcarbazole, the originality of this approach is to allow efficient monomer conversions under various excitation light sources in the 360–650 nm wavelength range: halogen lamps, and light‐emitting and laser diodes. The synthesis of an interpenetrated polymer network from an epoxide/acrylate blend using a red light at 635 nm is also feasible. The formed polymer material exhibits a photochromic character.
magnified image
A metabolite of daidzein, 6,7,4′‐trihydroxyisoflavone, suppresses adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes via ATP‐competitive inhibition of PI3K
Authors: Seo Sang Gwon , Yang Hee , Shin Seung Ho , Min Soyun , Kim Yeong A. , Yu Jae Gak , Lee Dong Eun , Chung Min‐Yu , Heo Yong‐Seok , Kwon Jung Yeon , Yue Shuhua , Kim Kee Hong , Cheng Ji‐Xin , Lee Ki Won , Lee Hyong Joo 
Published: June 2013

ScopeDaidzein is one of the major soy isoflavones. Following ingestion, daidzein is readily metabolized in the liver and converted into hydroxylated metabolites. One such metabolite is 6,7,4′‐trihydroxyisoflavone (6,7,4′‐THIF), which has been the focus of recent studies due to its various health benefits, however, its anti‐adipogenic activity has not been investigated. Our objective was to determine the effects of 6,7,4′‐THIF on adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes and elucidate the mechanisms of action involved.Methods and resultsAdipogenesis was stimulated in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes. Both 6,7,4′‐THIF and daidzein were treated in the presence and absence of mixture of isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin (MDI). We observed that 6,7,4′‐THIF, but not daidzein, inhibited MDI‐induced adipogenesis significantly at 40 and 80 μM, associated with decreased peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ and C/EBP‐α protein expression. 6,7,4′‐THIF significantly suppressed MDI‐induced lipid accumulation in the early stage of adipogenesis, attributable to a suppression of cell proliferation and the induction of cell cycle arrest. We also determined that 6,7,4′‐THIF, but not daidzein, attenuated phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. 6,7,4′‐THIF was found to inhibit PI3K activity via direct binding in an ATP‐competitive manner.ConclusionOur results suggest that 6,7,4′‐THIF suppresses adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes by directly targeting PI3K. Soy isoflavones like 6,7,4′‐THIF may have potential for development into novel treatment strategies for chronic obesity.
Minimum‐weight subgraphs with unicyclic components and a lower‐bounded girth
Authors: Ben‐Ameur Walid , Hadji Makhlouf , Ouorou Adam 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis article focuses on the problem of computing a minimum‐weight subgraph with unicyclic connected components. Although this problem is generally easy, it becomes difficult when a girth constraint is added. A polyhedral study is proposed. Many facets and valid inequalities are derived. Some of them can be exactly separated in polynomial time. Hence, the problem is solved by a cutting‐plane algorithm based on these inequalities and using a compact formulation derived from the transversality of the bicircular matroid. Numerical results are also presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2013
Evaluation of pregnancy outcome records in the German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database (GePaRD)
Authors: Mikolajczyk RT , Kraut AA , Garbe E 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTPurposeRoutine health care data are a valuable source for the assessment of risks of drugs during pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of the current analysis was the evaluation of pregnancy outcome records in German health insurance data.MethodsWe used the German Pharmacoepidemiologic Research Database including data of more than 15 million insurants (about 18% of the German population). Among 10–49 year‐old women, we identified six categories of pregnancy outcomes: term births, preterm births, stillbirths, induced abortions, spontaneous abortions and ectopic pregnancies. In order to assess the validity of these records, we have set our results in relation to representative data for the corresponding outcomes in Germany. We also investigated whether pregnancy markers (diagnoses, procedures or medical services which indicate an existing pregnancy) can be used to identify pregnancies.ResultsIn total, we identified 94 261 pregnancy outcomes in 2005. The percentage of births outside hospital (1.2%) and of preterm births (11.6%), the rate of stillbirths (3 per 1000 live births) and the rate of ectopic pregnancies (20 per 1000 live births) agreed well with representative data for Germany. Compared to epidemiological data, the occurrence of spontaneous abortions was underestimated (5.4% of all pregnancies). There were 4.1 induced abortions per 100 live births, compared to 18.1 in national data. Positive predictive values and sensitivities of markers varied across marker categories and for different pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionsCompleteness of pregnancy outcomes recorded in the database varied by pregnancy outcome. This should be taken into account in studies of drug safety in pregnancy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A treatment goal checklist for people with personality disorder
Authors: Wood Katherine , McMurran Mary 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundAgreement between client and therapist on treatment goals has been consistently linked with improved treatment outcomes. Having clear and collaborative goals may be particularly important when working with clients diagnosed with personality disorders who are often difficult to engage and test the boundaries of therapy. This paper outlines the development of a personality disorder treatment goal checklist aimed at helping clients and therapists to identify and prioritize their goals for therapy.MethodThe checklist was developed using self‐reported problems of the first 90 participants randomized into the psychoeducation and problem solving (PEPS) trial. Problems were coded and categorized into problem areas. The checklist was viewed by two service users who gave suggestions for improvements.ResultsThe final checklist consists of 161items in 16 problem areas.ConclusionsThe checklist may provide a clinically useful tool for working with this client group. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A tailored, supportive care intervention using systematic assessment designed for people with inoperable lung cancer: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Schofield Penelope , Ugalde Anna , Gough Karla , Reece John , Krishnasamy Meinir , Carey Mariko , Ball David , Aranda Sanchia 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectivePeople with inoperable lung cancer experience higher levels of distress, more unmet needs and symptoms than other cancer patients. There is an urgent need to test innovative approaches to improve psychosocial and symptom outcomes in this group. This study tested the hypothesis that a tailored, multidisciplinary supportive care programme based on systematic needs assessment would reduce perceived unmet needs and distress and improve quality of life.MethodsA randomised controlled trial design was used. The tailored intervention comprised two sessions at treatment commencement and completion. Sessions included a self‐completed needs assessment, active listening, self‐care education and communication of unmet psychosocial and symptom needs to the multidisciplinary team for management and referral. Outcomes were assessed with the Needs Assessment for Advanced Lung Cancer Patients, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Distress Thermometer and European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Q‐C30 V2.0.ResultsOne hundred and eight patients with a diagnosis of inoperable lung or pleural cancer (including mesothelioma) were recruited from a specialist facility before the trial closed prematurely (original target 200). None of the primary contrasts of interest were significant (all p > 0.10), although change score analysis indicated a relative benefit from the intervention for unmet symptom needs at 8 and 12 weeks post‐assessment (effect size = 0.55 and 0.40, respectively).ConclusionAlthough a novel approach, the hypothesis that the intervention would benefit perceived unmet needs, psychological morbidity, distress and health‐related quality of life was not supported overall. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transparent Ceramics for Photonic Applications
Authors: Palashov Oleg V. , Khazanov Efim A. , Kravchenko Valery B. , Fedorov Pavel P. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe International Symposium on Transparent Ceramics for Photonic Applications is an annual international conference since 2005. The previous LCS events were held in Poland (2005), Japan (2006), France (2007), China (2008), Spain (2009), Germany (2010), and Singapore (2011). The 8th LCS was held in Russia in the city of Nizhny Novgorod on December 4–7, 2012. The aim of the symposium was to provide a forum for material scientists, chemists and physicists, to discuss the state of the art of optical transparent ceramics, including basic aspects and promising applications, and to give an insight into future advances and research possibilities in this field.The symposium program included invited talks as well as contributed presentations. This year the main focuses of the symposium were:– Synthesis of high purity powders and transparent ceramics– Optical spectroscopy and characterization of physical properties– New materials and novel fabrication methods– Ceramic lasers and amplifiers– Composite structured laser ceramics.The International Program Committee had 24 members from 16 countries worldwide (http://www.8lcs.iapras.ru/committees.html). The OSA representative in the International Program Committee was academician S. N. Bagayev. After revision, the symposium program consisted of 42 reports, including 13 invited talks (invited speaker names can be found on the webpage: http://www.8lcs.iapras.ru/invited.html). Among the 67 participants of the LSC 2012, 44 were from Russia, 9 from P.R. China, 6 from Japan, 3 from Ukraine, 2 from South Korea, 1 from UK, 1 from Germany, and 1 from Singapore. The oral presentations were given in English.The symposium took four days and was divided into three sessions: “Ceramics fabrication ”, “Ceramics characterization ” and “Ceramic lasers ”.As representatives of the industry, Dr. Hideki Yagi from Konoshima Chemical Co. Ltd. (Japan) gave the interesting review “Transparent ceramics for photonic applications ” and Dr. Ken‐ichi Ueda from Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Japan) told about important applications of laser ceramics in his lecture “Thermal lens free ceramic laser ”.The fellow of the Optical Society of America, director of the Institute of Extreme Light (France), Gerard Mourou, has visited the technical sessions and a subsequent discussion of the Laser Ceramics Symposium.The LCS has brought together leading experts from around the world, stimulated active discussions and contacts between the scholars and gave a brilliant opportunity for the participants to start further fruitful research collaborations.The four‐days LCS 2012 was attended by 67 scientists and engineers from around the world. Pictures could be found in the gallery at: http://www.8lcs.iapras.ru/photoshots.html.The next, the 9th Laser Ceramics Symposium will be held in Seoul, South Korea in 2013.
A novel remote center of motion mechanism for the force‐reflective master robot of haptic tele‐surgery systems
Authors: Hadavand Mostafa , Mirbagheri Alireza , Behzadipour Saeed , Farahmand Farzam 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundAn effective master robot for haptic tele‐surgery applications needs to provide a solution for the inversed movements of the surgical tool, in addition to sufficient workspace and manipulability, with minimal moving inertia.MethodA novel 4 + 1‐DOF mechanism was proposed, based on a triple parallelogram linkage, which provided a Remote Center of Motion (RCM) at the back of the user's hand. The kinematics of the robot was analyzed and a prototype was fabricated and evaluated by experimental tests.ResultsWith a RCM at the back of the user's hand the actuators far from the end effector, the robot could produce the sensation of hand‐inside surgery with minimal moving inertia. The target workspace was achieved with an acceptable manipulability. The trajectory tracking experiments revealed small errors, due to backlash at the joints.ConclusionsThe proposed mechanism meets the basic requirements of an effective master robot for haptic tele‐surgery applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.