bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of erythropoietin on ischemia, follicular survival, and ovarian function in ovarian grafts
Authors: Mahmoodi Monireh , Soleimani Mehranjani Malek , Shariatzadeh Seyed Mohammad Ali , Eimani Hussein , Shahverdi Abdulhussein 
Published: February 2014

Ovarian tissue transplantation is performed to preserve fertility in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and free radical production occurring during the revascularization of the transplanted tissue are the major limitations of this procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) as an antioxidant on oxidative stress and ovary survival following transplantation. The Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice (4–5 weeks old) were divided into three groups (six mice per group): control; autograft+saline, and autograft+EPO (500 IU/kg i.p.). After 28 days, ovary compartments were estimated stereologically. DNA fragmentation and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), progesterone, and estradiol (E2) concentrations were also evaluated. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test, and the means were significantly different at P<0.05. The mean total volume of ovary, cortex, and medulla and the number of follicles increased significantly in the autograft+EPO group (P<0.01). Apoptosis rate in the autograft+EPO group was lower than that in the autograft+saline group. The concentration of MDA decreased significantly in the autografted EPO-treated group than in the autografted saline-treated group (P<0.01). The concentration of E2 increased significantly in the autograft+EPO group than in the autograft+saline group (P<0.01). EPO reduced IR injury, increasing follicle survival and function in grafted ovaries.Free Persian abstractA Persian (Farsi) translation of the abstract is freely available online at http://www.reproduction-online.org/content/147/5/733/suppl/DC1
The Synthesis Paradigm in Genetics
Authors: Rice William R 
Published: February 2014

AbstractExperimental genetics with model organisms and mathematically explicit genetic theory are generally considered to be the major paradigms by which progress in genetics is achieved. Here I argue that this view is incomplete and that pivotal advances in genetics—and other fields of biology—are also made by synthesizing disparate threads of extant information rather than generating new information from experiments or formal theory. Because of the explosive expansion of information in numerous “-omics” data banks, and the fragmentation of genetics into numerous subdisciplines, the importance of the synthesis paradigm will likely expand with time.
Multiband Laser Action from Organic-Organic Heteroepitaxial Nanofibers
Authors: Quochi Francesco , Floris Francesco , Simbrunner Clemens , Schwabegger Guenther , Saba Michele , Mura Andrea , Sitter Helmut , Bongiovanni Giovanni 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTWe report successful tuning of laser wavelength from ∼420 nm to ∼600 nm in epitaxially aligned nanofibers grown by periodic deposition ofpara-sexiphenyl (p6P) and sexithiophene (6T) onp-6P/muscovite mica templates. The nanofibers were photoexcited by subpicosecond pulses tuned to the lowestp6P absorption band, and the emission of 6T, whose coverage was kept in the submonolayer regime, was efficiently sensitized through resonance energy transfer (RET).The 6T lasing was achieved at room temperature with threshold fluences as low as 10 μJ/cm2per pulse. Transient photoluminescence measurements, with picosecond resolution, showed that at these pump fluences the decay dynamics of 6T emission is independent of the excitation density, thereby demonstrating the attainment of room-temperature monomolecular lasing from epitaxially oriented 6T submonolayer aggregates. Main lasing properties remained unaltered upon direct photoexcitation of 6T below thep6P absorption edge.
Effect of Evaporation on the Shelf Life of a Universal Adhesive
Authors: Pongprueksa P , Miletic V , De Munck J , Brooks NR , Meersman F , Nies E , Van Meerbeek B , Van Landuyt KL 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARY

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate how evaporation affects the shelf life of a one-bottle universal adhesive.

Methods
Three different versions of Scotchbond Universal (SBU, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) were prepared using a weight-loss technique. SBU0 was left open to the air until maximal weight loss was obtained, whereas SBU50 was left open until 50% of evaporation occurred. In contrast, SBU100 was kept closed and was assumed to contain the maximum concentration of all ingredients. The degree of conversion (DC) was determined by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on different substrates (on dentin or glass plate and mixed with dentin powder); ultimate microtensile strength and microtensile bond strength to dentin were measured as well.

Results
DC of the 100% solvent-containing adhesive (SBU100) was higher than that of the 50% (SBU50) and 0% (SBU0) solvent-containing adhesives for all substrates. DC of the adhesive applied onto glass and dehydrated dentin was higher than that applied onto dentin. Even though the ultimate microtensile strength of SBU0 was much higher than that of SBU50 and SBU100, its bond strength to dentin was significantly lower.

Conclusions
Evaporation of adhesive ingredients may jeopardize the shelf life of a one-bottle universal system by reducing the degree of conversion and impairing bond strength. However, negative effects only became evident after more than 50% evaporation.
Obstetric Fistula in the Developing World: An Agonising Tragedy
Authors: Dangal G , Thapa K , Yangzom K , Karki A 
Published: February 2014

Obstetric fistulae is the most tragic of preventable childbirth complications in the developing world, as affected women are often abandoned by their husbands and family, and forced to live in shame. They occur almost entirely in the developing world and their incidence is poorly studied. Their management requires accurate diagnosis, sufficient pre-operative work-up, fine surgery following standard surgical repair steps and principles by skilled surgeons, specialised post-op care, and follow-up. As obstetric fistula is a serious preventable public health issue in developing countries, national and international organizations should launch a campaign to end fistula by increasing the resources and skilled staff available locally to treat obstetric fistula for improving the lives of women currently living with this condition. Moreover, effective preventive strategies for obstetric fistula such as better education to women and provision of improved obstetric care and searching for the best approaches to both prevention and treatment should be the priority. The materials published in PubMed, Lancet, Medline, WHO and Google Scholar web pages from 1990 to 2013 have been utilized to prepare this paper.Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 2 / Issue 16 / July-Dec, 2013 / 5-15 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i2.9759
Use of Oral Misoprostol for the Treatment of Incomplete Abortion
Authors: Kayastha S , Tuladhar H , Gurung S , Jaishe S 
Published: February 2014

Aims: This study was done to assess the feasibility and acceptability of use of Misoprostol 600 mcg orally for treatment of incomplete abortion. Methods: A hospital based prospective study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital from 1st November 2010 to 30th May 2013. All cases of first trimester incomplete abortion diagnosed clinically or by ultrasonogram were included in the study. They were given 600 mcg of Misoprostol orally. They were sent home, with advice to come for follow up after one week. Routine Ultrasound was carried out on follow up visit to confirm complete abortion. The side effects, complications and patient satisfaction was assessed and recorded. Results: Out of 86 patients, 8.1% (7) had to undergo surgical evacuation. So the success rate was 91.9% (79 cases). All the cases which needed evacuation were of higher gestation, that is, nine weeks or more. The commonest side effect was severe abdominal pain (81.4%). Three cases required emergency surgical evacuation within 24 hours due heavy bleeding.Conclusions: It is feasible and acceptable to use Misoprostol orally for medical evacuation, especially in earlier gestation of first trimester incomplete abortion. Side effects were common but were acceptable and tolerable by the patients. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 2 / Issue 16 / July-Dec, 2013 / 30-33 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i2.9766
Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of some Selected Materials
Authors: Kurek Marta , Lagoda Tadeusz , Katzy Damian 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The paper presents a comparison of fatigue characteristics of twenty selected materials. The compared models were proposed by Wöhler, Basquin, Stromeyer, Corson, and Bastenaire. The determination coefficient was calculated for each material in order to define the best fitting to the empirical data. After analysis authors evaluated which characteristics best describes the course of the destruction of the specimens during fatigue tests.
Effects of Pouring Distance and Holding Time on the Thixotropic Microstructure of A357 Alloy
Authors: Ozer Melika , Kocatepe Kadir , Erdogan Mehmet 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Cooling slope casting process is one of the methods used to produce feedstock material having non-dendritic structure for thixocasting of A357 aluminum alloy. In the present work, the effect of various pouring distances of cooling slope on the microstructure of A357 aluminum alloy was investigated. For this purpose, the molten metal at 630 °C superheat temperature was poured on the surface of water-cooled slope. Reheating of feedstock ingots at a temperature of 572 °C with various holding times was also performed to achieve a spheroidal microstructure. Experimental results showed that optimum spheroidal microstructure of thixocasted A357 ingots having a cell size of 45 μm and a shape factor of 0.60 of primary Al were obtained when a pouring distance of 350 mm on the cooling slope is used. A holding time of 5 min at 572 °C reheating temperature of feedstock ingots with 350 mm pouring distance provided optimum thixotropic properties.
Effect of Boronizing and Shot Peening on the Fatigue Properties of an Iron Based FeCu-Graphite P/M Material
Authors: Yilmaz Selim Sarper , Ünlü Bekir Sadık , Kurgan Naci , Varol Remzi 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Iron based materials manufactured by powder metallurgy (P/M) method are widely used in industry. These materials are very important in applications where no machining is required, they can also be used as journal bearing material due to their self-lubricated property, and can be used for applications in the medical industry. In this study, powder metal parts were manufactured from composites based on FeCu-graphite by P/M method. Fatigue test was carried out on manufactured samples, which were only treated by boronizing or boronizing and shot peeing. The fatigue properties of these parts were investigated by a rotating bending fatigue test rig.
Towards traceable size determination of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Varga Zoltán , Yuana Yuana , Grootemaat Anita E. , van der Pol Edwin , Gollwitzer Christian , Krumrey Michael , Nieuwland Rienk 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have clinical importance due to their roles in a wide range of biological processes. The detection and characterization of EVs are challenging because of their small size, low refractive index, and heterogeneity.MethodsIn this manuscript, the size distribution of an erythrocyte‐derived EV sample is determined using state‐of‐the‐art techniques such as nanoparticle tracking analysis, resistive pulse sensing, and electron microscopy, and novel techniques in the field, such as small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and size exclusion chromatography coupled with dynamic light scattering detection.ResultsThe mode values of the size distributions of the studied erythrocyte EVs reported by the different methods show only small deviations around 130 nm, but there are differences in the widths of the size distributions.ConclusionSAXS is a promising technique with respect to traceability, as this technique was already applied for traceable size determination of solid nanoparticles in suspension. To reach the traceable measurement of EVs, monodisperse and highly concentrated samples are required.
The microvasculature in the equine distal phalanx: Implications for fracture healing
Authors: Schade S. M. , Bowker R. M. , Arnoczky S. P. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryTo describe the intra-osseous microvasculature of the distal phalanx of the equine forelimb with regard to its potential clinical relevance.Eleven clinically normal equine forelimbs were used from six adult horses (range: 4 to 18 years old) euthanatized for reasons unrelated to lameness. In each limb the median artery was catheterized at the level of the carpus and India ink was injected under constant manual pressure. The limbs were frozen and 5 mm thick sections of the foot were cut in the sagittal, coronal, or transverse planes on a band saw. The sections were fixed in 10% formalin and cleared using a modified Spalteholz technique. Once cleared, the sections were photographed and the microvascular anatomy identified.The vascular injections revealed a rich intra-osseous microvascular supply of the distal phalanx originating from the medial and lateral palmar digital arteries. In addition, numerous smaller vessels from the terminal arch, formed by anastomosis of the medial and lateral palmar digital arteries, could be seen branching into the distal aspects of the distal phalanx. This distal portion of the distal phalanx appeared more densely vascularized than the proximal part in all specimens examined.The increased vascularity demonstrated in the distal portion of the distal phalanx appears to correlate with improved fracture healing reported in this area. This may also explain why healing fractures which involve both the distal and proximal portions of the distal phalanx have been described as progressing from distal-to-proximal.
Genome assembly and annotation for red clover (Trifolium pratense; Fabaceae)
Authors: Ištvánek Jan , Jaroš Michal , Křenek Aleš , Řepková Jana 
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is an important forage plant from the legume family with great importance in agronomy and livestock nourishment. Nevertheless, assembling its medium‐sized genome presents a challenge, given current hardware and software possibilities. Next‐generation sequencing technologies enable us to generate large amounts of sequence data at low cost. In this study, the genome assembly and red clover genome features are presented.• Methods: First, assembly software was assessed using data sets from a closely related species to find the best possible combination of assembler plus error correction program to assemble the red clover genome. The newly sequenced genome was characterized by repetitive content, number of protein‐coding and nonprotein‐coding genes, and gene families and functions. Genome features were also compared with those of other sequenced plant species.• Key results: Abyss with Echo correction was used for de novo assembly of the red clover genome. The presented assembly comprises ∼314.6 Mbp. In contrast to leguminous species with comparable genome sizes, the genome of T. pratense contains a larger repetitive portion and more abundant retrotransposons and DNA transposons. Overall, 47 398 protein‐coding genes were annotated from 64 761 predicted genes. Comparative analysis revealed several gene families that are characteristic for T. pratense. Resistance genes, leghemoglobins, and nodule‐specific cystein‐rich peptides were identified and compared with other sequenced species.• Conclusions: The presented red clover genomic data constitute a resource for improvement through molecular breeding and for comparison to other sequenced plant species.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine in Thai HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Wattanakul Thanaporn , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Manosuthi Weerawat , Punyawudho Baralee 
Published: February 2014

Background Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy is widely used as a first-line treatment for HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings. Nevirapine plasma concentration has been shown to be associated with virological response and treatment failure. Therefore, identifying sources of the variability of nevirapine pharmacokinetics is important for dose optimization. The purpose of the current study was to determine the population mean pharmacokinetic parameters and identify factors that influence pharmacokinetic parameters of nevirapine in Thai HIV-infected patients. Methods The model was developed by a non-linear mixed-effects modelling approach using NONMEM. Model validation was performed using bootstrap analysis and external validation. Additionally, nevirapine plasma concentrations of 200 mg twice daily (NVPBID) and 400 mg once daily (NVPOD) were simulated using the final model to investigate the impact of the covariates and different dosage regimens on nevirapine steady state concentrations. Results The apparent clearance (CL/F) of nevirapine estimated from this population was 2.51 l/h which is lower than the values previously reported in other populations. The concomitant use of rifampicin increased CL/F by 20%. Simulated nevirapine plasma concentrations from NVPBID were superior to the NVPOD regimen. Conclusions This population-based pharmacokinetic model can be used for optimizing nevirapine dosage regimens for individual patients to improve efficacy and safety of nevirapine therapy in this population.
Genome-Wide Association Study to Characterize Serum Bilirubin Elevations in Patients with HCV Treated with Gs-9256, An HCV Ns3 Serine Protease Inhibitor
Authors: Nelson David , Yoshida Eric M , Paulson Matthew S , Hengen Paul N , Ge Dongliang , Kanwar Bittoo , McNally John , Pang Phillip S , Subramanian G Mani , McHutchison John G , Urbanek Petr , Lawitz Eric , Urban Thomas J 
Published: February 2014

Background Protease inhibitors for the treatment of HCV can cause mild and reversible elevations of unconjugated bilirubin. We sought to characterize genetic determinants of bilirubin elevations using a genome-wide approach among patients with genotype 1 HCV who received combination therapy that included GS-9256, a novel potent inhibitor of HCV NS3 serine protease, as part of a Phase IIb trial. Methods Of the 200 patients sampled, 176 had confirmed European ancestry and were included in the analysis. Infinium HumanOmni5BeadChip (Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) was used for genotyping. A categorical analysis of low (grade 0–1) versus high (grade 2–4) bilirubin toxicity grade and a quantitative trait locus mapping of peak bilirubin concentrations was performed. Results A total of 4,466,809 genetic markers were analysed. No single variant showed a statistically significant association with observed bilirubin elevations in this patient population. In a targeted analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes known to be involved in bilirubin transport, no significant differences in allele frequency between high and low bilirubin toxicity grade were observed. Conclusions These results indicate that risk for bilirubin elevation in patients receiving GS-9256 is unlikely to be strongly influenced by common genetic variants with large effects. The current study cannot rule out a role for common variants of weak effect, or a more complex model, including multiple contributing factors, such as rare variants and as yet unidentified environmental influences.
The Effects of Phase III Cardiac Rehabilitation in Serum and Salivary Hs-CRP and Anthropometric Measurements in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Mirzaii-Dizgah Iraj , Jamshidpour Boshra , Moghadam Behrouz Attarbashi , Vasaghi-Gharamaleki Behnoosh , Nejatian Mostafa 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
Cardiac rehabilitation is a key part in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) by its anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of exercise training programs on salivary concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with coronary artery disease has not been well studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phase III cardiac rehabilitation on serum and salivary levels of hs-CRP, in relation to the anthropometric measurements of obesity and the relationship between salivary and serum levels of hs-CRP in CAD male patients.

Materials and methods
Forty male volunteers (45-75 years) with CAD participated in 6 to 8 weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise training consisting of 45 minutes sessions of treadmill, stationary bicycle and arm ergometer. Anthropometric measurements of obesity, serum level of hs-CRP, stimulated and nonstimulated salivary level of hs-CRP were measured at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of exercise sessions.

Results
All anthropometric measurements increased (p < 0.05) following cardiac rehabilitation except waist-hip ratio. Serum hs-CRP level reduced by 36% independent to the anthropometric measurements changes. Stimulated and nonstimulated salivary hs-CRP level decreased 68 and 54%, respectively, after 24 sessions of cardiac rehabilitation. Nonstimulated salivary hs-CRP levels correlated to serum levels of hs-CRP at baseline and after 24 sessions (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Phase III cardiac rehabilitation seems to be effective to improve serum and salivary hs-CRP concentrations independent of anthropometric measurements.

Clinical significance
Nonstimulated salivary hs-CRP measurement could be a surrogate for blood measurement of hs-CRP during cardiac rehabilitation in male patients with CAD.

How to cite this article
Jamshidpour B, Moghadam BA, Vasaghi-Gharamaleki B, Mirzaii-Dizgah I, Nejatian M. The Effects of Phase III Cardiac Rehabilitation in Serum and Salivary Hs-CRP and Anthropometric Measurements in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):819-824.