bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variability in Mango Clones of Langra cv. for Physical-bio Chemical Parameters at Kymore Plateau and Satpura Hills of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Rajpoot Megha , Sharma T.R. , Sharma R.M. 
Published: July 2024

The present study was carried out to assess the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for different characters in 40 clones of mango. The study was conducted at Fruit Research Station (Farm), Imalia for evaluating the variability of Langra clones in Randomized block design. All the characters showed very small difference between genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and respective phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), indicated that all the characters were least affected by environment. The high phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for pulp %, peel %, stone %, pulp : stone ratio, pulp : peel ratio, fiber %, density of lenticels, fruit weight kg, acidity %, reducing sugar % in the both years. High heritability coupled with genetic advance were observed for all characters studies indicating these characters are governed by additive gene action and phenotypic selection may be more fruitful. Hence, direct selection may be followed for the improvement of mango for these characters.
Impact of Male Migration on the Empowerment of Left-behind Muslim Women in Malappuram, Kerala
Authors: A Sabira , S Shibinu 
Published: July 2024

Migration has been projected as a force capable of developing economies of the labour exporting nations. In the past, religious orthodoxy among the Muslims in Malabar especially in the Malappuram district prevented women from obtaining higher education and finding employment which restricted their freedom and well-being. However, there have been changes in women's perspectives in reaction to changing needs and situations, for which migration and remittances made by migrants abroad have been the important contributing factors. When the male migrates, the left-behind women have to assume increased responsibilities which increases their control over household resources, mobility and decision-making power and the foreign remittances are utilised by the left-behind women to improve their quality of living, education and information. This article explores the effects of male migration and foreign remittances on the left-behind Muslim women in the Malappuram district through the lens of the Capability approach by constructing the Women’s Capability Index based on a sample survey in the Malappuram district using a Stratified Multi-stage random Sampling method. The study identifies a set of capabilities that are appropriate to the context of male migration and the consequent effect on the left behind women’s living arrangement, provides a framework for efficiently evaluating these capabilities, aggregates the capabilities into a single index, and then validates and tests the index. The Ordinal Logistic Regression, used to analyse the role of migration in the capability expansion of left-behind Muslim women shows that the foreign remittances sent by the husbands from abroad have a positive statistically significant effect on the left-behind Muslim women in the study area, implying that with the increase in the foreign remittances received by the left behind women, their capability also increases, whereas the husband's migrant duration does not have a statistically significant effect on the left-behind Muslim women’s capability
Satellite‐detected fluorescence: Decoupling nonphotochemical quenching from iron stress signals in the South Atlantic and Southern Ocean
Authors: Browning T. J. , Bouman H. A. , Moore C. M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSatellite‐detected sunlight‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence could offer valuable information about the physiological status of phytoplankton on a global scale. Realization of this potential is confounded by the considerable uncertainty that exists in deconvolving the multiple ecophysiological processes that can influence the satellite signal. A dominant source of current uncertainty arises from the extent of reductions in chlorophyll fluorescence caused by the high light intensities phytoplankton are typically exposed to when satellite images are captured. In this study, results from over 200 nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) experiments conducted on cruises spanning from subtropical gyre to Southern Ocean waters have confirmed that satellite fluorescence quantum yields have the potential to reveal broad regions of iron (Fe) stress. However, our results suggest significant variability in phytoplankton NPQ behavior between oceanic regimes. Dynamic NPQ must therefore be considered to achieve a reliable interpretation of satellite fluorescence in terms of Fe stress. Specifically, significantly lower NPQ was found in stratified subtropical gyre‐type waters than in well‐mixed Southern Ocean waters. Such variability is suggested to result from differences in incident irradiance fluctuation experienced by phytoplankton, with highly variable irradiance conditions likely driving phytoplankton to acclimate or adapt toward a higher dynamic NPQ capacity. Sea surface temperature empirically demonstrated the strongest correlation with NPQ parameters and is presented as a means of correcting the chlorophyll fluorescence signature for the region studied. With these corrections, a decadal composite of satellite austral summer observations is presented for the Southern Ocean, potentially reflecting spatial variability in the distribution and extent of Fe stress.
Balanced dynamics of deep and shallow Hadley circulations in the tropics
Authors: Gonzalez Alex O. , Rojas Gabriela Mora 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper examines the dynamics of large‐scale overturning circulations in the tropical atmosphere using an idealized zonally symmetric model on the equatorial β‐plane. Under certain simplifications of its coefficients, the elliptic partial differential equation for the transverse circulation can be solved by first performing a vertical transform to obtain a horizontal structure equation, and then using Green's function to solve the horizontal structure equation. When deep diabatic heating is present in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), the deep Hadley circulation is of first‐order importance. In the absence of deep diabatic heating, the interior circulation associated with Ekman pumping cannot penetrate deep into the troposphere because the resistance of fluid parcels to horizontal motion (i.e., inertial stability) is significantly smaller than their resistance to vertical motion (i.e., static stability). In this scenario, only a shallow Hadley circulation exists. The shallow overturning circulation is characterized by meridional velocities as large as 7 m s−1 at the top of the boundary layer, in qualitative agreement with observations in the tropical eastern Pacific. The meridional asymmetry between the winter and summer deep and shallow Hadley cells is attributed to the anisotropy of the inertial stability parameter, and as the ITCZ widens meridionally or as the forcing involves higher vertical wave numbers, the asymmetry between the winter and summer cells increases.
Silica‐Supported Tripod Triarylphosphane: Application to Transition Metal‐Catalyzed C(sp3)H Borylations
Authors: Iwai Tomohiro , Murakami Ryo , Harada Tomoya , Kawamorita Soichiro , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA silica‐supported tripod triarylphosphane (Silica‐3p‐TPP), containing a triphenylphosphane‐type core tripodally immobilized on the silica surface, allows rhodium‐ and iridium‐catalyzed C(sp3)H borylations of amide, urea and alkylpyridine derivatives. The 31P CP/MAS NMR studies for the coordination behavior of the tripod phosphane towards a rhodium complex indicate efficient site isolation of the each phosphane center, allowing independent mono‐P‐coordination to the metal center.magnified image
Iron‐Promoted Electrophilic Annulation of Aryl Enynes with Disulfides or Diselenides Leading to Polysubstituted Naphthalenes
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Jun , Hu Bo‐Lun , Deng Chen‐Liang , Zhang Xing‐Guo 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAn iron‐promoted electrophilic annulation of aryl enynes with disulfides or diselenides has been developed. In the presence of iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) and iodine (I2,), a variety of trifluoromethyl‐containing aryl enynes underwent electrophilic annulation with various disulfides or diselenides successfully to afford the corresponding polysubstituted naphthalenes in moderate to excellent yields.magnified image
Azobenzene‐Functionalized Metal–Organic Polyhedra for the Optically Responsive Capture and Release of Guest Molecules
Authors: Park Jinhee , Sun Lin‐Bing , Chen Ying‐Pin , Perry Zachary , Zhou Hong‐Cai 
Published: May 2014

AbstractStimuli‐responsive metal–organic polyhedra (srMOPs) functionalized with azobenzene showed UV‐irradiation‐induced isomerization from the insoluble trans‐srMOP to the soluble cis‐srMOP, whereas irradiation with blue light reversed this process. Guest molecules were trapped and released upon cis‐to‐trans and trans‐to‐cis isomerization of the srMOPs, respectively. This study provides a new direction in the ever‐diversifying field of MOPs, while laying the groundwork for a new class of optically responsive materials.
Enzyme‐Catalyzed Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to Furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Dijkman Willem P. , Groothuis Daphne E. , Fraaije Marco W. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFuran‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a biobased platform chemical for the production of polymers. In the past few years, numerous multistep chemical routes have been reported on the synthesis of FDCA by oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Recently we identified an FAD‐dependent enzyme which is active towards HMF and related compounds. This oxidase has the remarkable capability of oxidizing [5‐(hydroxymethyl)furan‐2‐yl]methanol to FDCA, a reaction involving four consecutive oxidations. The oxidase can produce FDCA from HMF with high yield at ambient temperature and pressure. Examination of the underlying mechanism shows that the oxidase acts on alcohol groups only and depends on the hydration of aldehydes for the oxidation reaction required to form FDCA.
Chinese Puzzle Molecule: A 15 Hydride, 28 Copper Atom Nanoball
Authors: Edwards Alison J. , Dhayal Rajendra S. , Liao Ping‐Kuei , Liao Jian‐Hong , Chiang Ming‐Hsi , Piltz Ross O. , Kahlal Samia , Saillard Jean‐Yves , Liu C. W. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe syntheses of the first rhombicuboctahedral copper polyhydride complexes [Cu28(H)15(S2CNR)12]PF6 (NR=NnPr2 or aza‐15‐crown‐5) are reported. These complexes were analyzed by single‐crystal X‐ray and one by neutron diffraction. The core of each copper hydride nanoparticle comprises one central interstitial hydride and eight outer‐triangular‐face‐capping hydrides. A further six face‐truncating hydrides form an unprecedented bridge between the inner and outer copper atom arrays. The irregular inner Cu4 tetrahedron is encapsulated within the Cu24 rhombicuboctahedral cage, which is further enclosed by an array of twelve dithiocarbamate ligands that subtends the truncated octahedron of 24 sulfur atoms, which is concentric with the Cu24 rhombicuboctahedron and Cu4 tetrahedron about the innermost hydride. For these compounds, an intriguing, albeit limited, H2 evolution was observed at room temperature, which is accompanied by formation of the known ion [Cu8(H)(S2CNR)6]+ upon exposure of solutions to sunlight, under mild thermolytic conditions, and on reaction with weak (or strong) acids.
Unusual Structural Features in the Lysozyme Derivative of the Tetrakis(acetato)chloridodiruthenium(II,III) Complex
Authors: Messori Luigi , Marzo Tiziano , Sanches Rute Nazaré Fernandes , Hanif‐Ur‐Rehman  , de Oliveira Silva Denise , Merlino Antonello 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe reaction between the paddle‐wheel tetrakis(acetato)chloridodiruthenium(II,III) complex, [Ru2(μ‐O2CCH3)4Cl] and hen egg‐white lysozyme (HEWL) was investigated through ESI‐MS and UV/Vis spectroscopy and the formation of a stable metal–protein adduct was unambiguously demonstrated. Remarkably, the diruthenium core is conserved in the adduct while two of the four acetate ligands are released. The crystal structure of this diruthenium–protein derivative was subsequently solved through X‐ray diffraction analysis to 2.1 Å resolution. The structural data are in agreement with the solution results. It was found that HEWL binds two diruthenium moieties, at Asp101 and Asp119, respectively, with the concomitant release of two acetate ligands from each diruthenium center.
Copper‐Catalyzed Regioselective ortho CH Cyanation of Vinylarenes
Authors: Yang Yang , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA copper‐based catalytic technique for the regioselective ortho CH cyanation of vinylarenes has been developed. This method provides an effective means for the selective functionalization of vinylarene derivatives. A copper‐catalyzed cyanative dearomatization mechanism is proposed to account for the regiochemical course of this reaction.
Alkyne Cycloaddition to a Titanocene Oxide as a Route to Cyclopentadienyl Modification
Authors: Pappas Iraklis , Chirik Paul J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAddition of terminal or internal alkynes to a base‐free titanocene oxide results in synthesis of the corresponding oxometallocyclobutene. With appropriate cyclopentadienyl substitution, these compounds undergo reversible CC reductive elimination offering a unique approach to cyclopentadienyl modification.
Water‐soluble polymer and photocatalysis for arsenic removal
Authors: Yuksel Suna , Rivas Bernabé L. , Sánchez Julio , Mansilla Héctor D. , Yañez Jorge , Kochifas Pia , Kabay Nalan , Bryjak Marek 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, the photocatalytic oxidation of hazardous arsenite (As(III)) to arsenate (As(V)) and the sequential removal of arsenate from aqueous solution by liquid‐phase polymer‐based retention (LPR) were investigated. The photocatalytic oxidation of arsenite was performed using TiO2 (P25 Degussa, Germany) under UV‐A light. The optimal photocatalytic conditions to oxidize 10 mg L−1 of arsenite solution were achieved using a 0.5 g L−1 of catalyst at a pH value of 2. The As(III) oxidation reached 100% after 30 min of illumination with UV‐A light. A water‐soluble polymer containing quaternary ammonium groups, poly(3‐acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (P(ClAPTA)), was used as an extracting reagent in the LPR process. To obtain the optimized conditions, the removal experiments were performed at various polymer : As(V) molar ratios using 10 mg L−1 of arsenate solutions. After the oxidation of As(III) to As(V), the removal of arsenate by P(ClAPTA) was obtained in a 99% yield using a 20 : 1 polymer : As(V) molar ratio at a pH value of 9. The results demonstrate that the combination of these methods is highly useful for potential applications related to the treatment of wastewater contaminated with As(III). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40871.
Synthesis of Oligomeric Mannosides and Their Structure‐Binding Relationship with Concanavalin A
Authors: Li Chen‐Wei , Hon Kai‐Wei , Ghosh Bhaswati , Li Po‐Han , Lin Hsien‐Ya , Chan Po‐Han , Lin Chun‐Hung , Chen Yu‐Chie , Mong Kwok‐Kong Tony 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSmall glycodendrimers with α‐mannosyl ligands were synthesized by using copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne coupling chemistry and some of these molecules were used as multivalent ligands to study the induction of concanavalin A (Con A) precipitation. The results showed that the monovalent mannose ligand could induce the precipitation of Con A. This unexpected finding initiated a series of studies to characterize the molecular basis of the ligand–lectin interaction. The atypical precipitation is found to be specific to the mannose, fluorescein moiety (FITC), and Con A. Apparently the mannose ligand binds to Con A through hydrogen‐bonding interactions, whereas the binding of FITC is mediated by hydrophobic forces.
Design of Weak‐Donor Alkyl‐Functionalized Push–Pull Pyrene Dyes Exhibiting Enhanced Fluorescence Quantum Yields and Unique On/Off Switching Properties
Authors: Niko Yosuke , Sasaki Shunsuke , Kawauchi Susumu , Tokumaru Katsumi , Konishi Gen‐ichi 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe designed, synthesized, and evaluated environmentally responsive solvatochromic fluorescent dyes by incorporating weak push–pull moieties. The quantum yields of the push (alkyl)–pull (formyl) pyrene dyes were dramatically enhanced by the introduction of alkyl groups into formylpyrene (1‐formylpyrene: ΦF=0.10; 3,6,8‐tri‐n‐butyl‐1‐formylpyrene: ΦF=0.90; in MeOH). The new dyes exhibited unique sensitivity to solvent polarity and hydrogen‐bond donor ability, and specific fluorescence turn‐on/off properties (e.g., 3,6,8‐tri‐n‐butyl‐1‐formylpyrene: ΦF=0.004, 0.80, 0.37, and 0.90 in hexane, chloroform, DMSO, and MeOH, respectively). Here, the alkyl groups act as weak donors to suppress intersystem crossing by destabilizing the HOMOs of 1‐formylpyrene while maintaining weak intramolecular charge‐transfer properties. By using alkyl groups as weak donors, environmentally responsive, and in particular, pH‐responsive fluorescent materials may be developed in the future.
Structural and Biochemical Analyses of the Catalysis and Potency Impact of Inhibitor Phosphoribosylation by Human Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase
Authors: Oh Angela , Ho Yen‐Ching , Zak Mark , Liu Yongbo , Chen Xukun , Yuen Po‐wai , Zheng Xiaozhang , Liu Yichin , Dragovich Peter S. , Wang Weiru 
Published: May 2014

AbstractProlonged inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a strategy for targeting cancer metabolism. Many NAMPT inhibitors undergo NAMPT‐catalyzed phosphoribosylation (pRib), a property often correlated with their cellular potency. To understand this phenomenon and facilitate drug design, we analyzed a potent cellularly active NAMPT inhibitor (GNE‐617). A crystal structure of pRib‐GNE‐617 in complex with NAMPT protein revealed a relaxed binding mode. Consistently, the adduct formation resulted in tight binding and strong product inhibition. In contrast, a biochemically equipotent isomer of GNE‐617 (GNE‐643) also formed pRib adducts but displayed significantly weaker cytotoxicity. Structural analysis revealed an altered ligand conformation of GNE‐643, thus suggesting weak association of the adducts with NAMPT. Our data support a model for cellularly active NAMPT inhibitors that undergo NAMPT‐catalyzed phosphoribosylation to produce pRib adducts that retain efficient binding to the enzyme.
AMP‐activated protein kinase is involved in induction of protective autophagy in astrocytes exposed to oxygen‐glucose deprivation
Authors: Gabryel Bożena , Kost Alicja , Kasprowska Daniela , Liber Sebastian , Machnik Grzegorz , Wiaderkiewicz Ryszard , Łabuzek Krzysztof 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAMP‐activated kinase (AMPK) acts as the intracellular ATP depletion sensor, which detects and limits increases in the AMP/ATP ratio. AMPK may be significantly activated under stress conditions that deplete cellular ATP levels such as ischemia/hypoxia or glucose deprivation. Recent studies strongly suggest that AMPK participates in autophagy regulation, but it is not known whether AMPK activated by ischemia regulates autophagy in astrocytes and the consequence of autophagy activation in ischemic astrocytes are unclear. We have investigated the contribution of AMPK to autophagy activation in rat primary astrocyte cultures subjected to ischemia‐simulating conditions (combined oxygen glucose deprivation, OGD) and its potential effects on astrocyte damage induced by OGD (1–12 h). The evidence supports the conclusion that AMPK activation at early stages of OGD is involved in induction of protective autophagy in astrocytes. Inhibition of AMPK, either by siAMPKα1 or by compound C, significantly attenuated the expression of autophagy‐related proteins and decrease of astrocyte viability following OGD. The findings provide additional data about the role of AMPK in ischemic astrocytes and downstream responses that may be involved in OGD‐induced protective autophagy.
RKHS‐based functional nonparametric regression for sparse and irregular longitudinal data
Authors: Avery Matthew , Wu Yichao , Helen Zhang Hao , Zhang Jiajia 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper focuses on sparse and irregular longitudinal data with a scalar response. The predictor consists of sparse and irregular observations on predictor trajectories, potentially contaminated with measurement errors. For this type of data, Yao, Müller, & Wang (2005a) proposed a principal components analysis through conditional expectation (PACE) approach, which is capable of predicting each predictor trajectory based on sparse and irregular observations. Nonparametric functional data analysis provides an attractive alternative due to its high flexibility. Early work includes functional additive models as in Müller & Yao (2008) and Ferraty & Vieu (2006), which are mainly based on kernel smoothing methods. In this work, we propose a new functional nonparametric regression framework based on reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS). The proposed method involves two steps. The first step is to estimate each predictor trajectory based on sparse and irregular observations using PACE. The second step is to conduct a RKHS‐based nonparametric regression using the estimated predictor trajectories. Our approach shows improvement over existing methods in simulation studies as well as in a real data example.The Canadian Journal of Statistics42: 204–216; 2014 © 2014 Statistical Society of Canada
Quantitative Analyses of ROS and RNS Production in Breast Cancer Cell Lines Incubated with Ferrocifens
Authors: Lu Cong , Heldt Jan‐Martin , Guille‐Collignon Manon , Lemaître Frédéric , Jaouen Gérard , Vessières Anne , Amatore Christian 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFerrocifens are an original class of ferrocifen‐type breast cancer drugs. They possess anti‐proliferative effects due to the association of the ferrocene moiety and the tamoxifen skeleton. In this work, fluorescence measurements indicated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) if hormone‐dependent or ‐independent breast cancer cells were incubated with three hit ferrocifen compounds. Additionally, amperometry at ultramicroelectrodes was carried out to identify and quantify ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) under stress conditions. Videomicroscopy was used to optimize the conditions employed for electrochemical investigations. Amperometry was then performed on two cell lines pre‐incubated with each of the three ferrocifens. Interestingly, these results demonstrate that the presence of an aminoalkyl chain in the ferrocifen structure may confer a unique behavior toward both cell lines, in comparison with the two other compounds that lack this feature.