bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the pulmonary vasculature in the gray short‐tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica)—3D reconstruction by microcomputed tomography
Authors: Ferner Kirsten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the marsupial gray short‐tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica), the majority of lung development, including the maturation of pulmonary vasculature, takes place in ventilated functioning state during the postnatal period. The current study uses X‐ray computed tomography (μCT) to three‐dimensionally reconstruct the vascular trees of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein in 15 animals from neonate to postnatal day 57. The final 3D reconstructions of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein in the neonate and at 21, 35, and 57 dpn were transformed into a centerline model of the vascular trees. Based on the reconstructions, the generation of end‐branching vessels, the median and maximum generation, and the number of vessels were calculated for the lungs. The pulmonary vasculature follows the lung anatomy with six pulmonary lobes indicated by the bronchial tree. The pulmonary arteries follow the bronchial tree closely, in contrast to the pulmonary veins, which run between the pulmonary segments. At birth the pulmonary vasculature has a simple branching pattern with a few vessel generations. Compared with the bronchial tree, the pulmonary vasculature appears to be more developed and extends to the large terminal air spaces. The pulmonary vasculature shows a marked gain in volume and a progressive increase in vascular complexity and density. The gray short‐tailed opossum resembles the assumed mammalian ancestor and is suitable to inform on the evolution of the mammalian lung. Vascular genesis in the marsupial bears resemblance to developmental patterns described in eutherians. Lung development in general seems to be highly conservative within mammalian evolution.
Visual mental imagery abilities in autism
Authors: Bled Clara , Guillon Quentin , Mottron Laurent , Soulieres Isabelle , Bouvet Lucie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn autistic individuals, the role, performance, and autonomy of perceptual functioning are atypical. Overlapping underlying mechanisms of perception and mental imagery predict that the mental imagery abilities of autistic individuals should differ from those of non‐autistic individuals. While enhanced abilities to manipulate mental images have been demonstrated in autism, the other stages of mental imagery (generation, maintenance, inspection) remain to be explored. Forty‐four autistic adults and 42 typical participants performed four tasks to assess different stages of mental imagery: the Image generation task (mentally generating a letter on a grid and indicating whether it passes over a probe located in the grid), the Visual pattern test (maintaining visual patterns in memory), the Image scanning test (inspecting mental images) and the Mental rotation test (mentally manipulating representations of geometric figures). In the image generation task and the mental rotation test, autistic and typical individuals performed equivalently, both in accuracy and response time. The span observed in the visual pattern test was significantly higher in the autistic group, indicating better maintenance of mental images. In the image scanning test, response times were influenced by the distance to mentally inspect in the typical group but not in the autistic group. Autistic participants were equally fast regardless of distance to inspect. Preserved, greater or differently influenced visual mental imagery abilities are in line with an atypical perceptual functioning in autism, possibly reflecting an increased weight of perception‐based information relatively to the top‐down effect of knowledge and language‐based influence.
In vivo and in vitro chemical composition and biological activity of traditional vs. dispensing granule decoctions of Coptidis Rhizoma: A comparative study
Authors: Wang Panpan , Gui Xinjing , Xu Manwen , Dong Fengyu , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Qi , Wang Yanli , Yao Jing , Lu Lu , Liu Ruixin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCoptidis Rhizoma (CR) holds significant clinical importance. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of CR's dispensing granule decoction (DGD) and traditional decoction (TD) to establish a comprehensive evaluation method for the quality of DGD. We selected nine batches of DGD (three from each of manufacturers A, B and C) and 10 batches of decoction pieces for analysis. We determined the content of representative components using high‐performance liquid chromatography and assessed the content of blood components in vivo post‐administration using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity was measured using the drug‐sensitive tablet method. To evaluate the overall consistency of DGD and TD, we employed the CRITIC method and Grey relational analysis method. Our CRITIC results indicated no significant difference between the CRITIC scores of DGD‐B and TD, with DGD‐B exhibiting the highest consistency and overall quality. However, DGD‐A and DGD‐C showed variations in CRITIC scores compared with TD. After equivalent correction, the quality of DGD‐A and DGD‐C approached that of TD. Furthermore, our Grey relational analysis results supported the findings of the CRITIC method. This study offers a novel approach to evaluate the consistency between DGD and TD, providing insights into improving the quality of DGD.
Neural foveated super‐resolution for real‐time VR rendering
Authors: Ye Jiannan , Meng Xiaoxu , Guo Daiyun , Shang Cheng , Mao Haotian , Yang Xubo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs virtual reality display technologies advance, resolutions and refresh rates continue to approach human perceptual limits, presenting a challenge for real‐time rendering algorithms. Neural super‐resolution is promising in reducing the computation cost and boosting the visual experience by scaling up low‐resolution renderings. However, the added workload of running neural networks cannot be neglected. In this article, we try to alleviate the burden by exploiting the foveated nature of the human visual system, in a way that we upscale the coarse input in a heterogeneous manner instead of uniform super‐resolution according to the visual acuity decreasing rapidly from the focal point to the periphery. With the help of dynamic and geometric information (i.e., pixel‐wise motion vectors, depth, and camera transformation) available inherently in the real‐time rendering content, we propose a neural accumulator to effectively aggregate the amortizedly rendered low‐resolution visual information from frame to frame recurrently. By leveraging a partition‐assemble scheme, we use a neural super‐resolution module to upsample the low‐resolution image tiles to different qualities according to their perceptual importance and reconstruct the final output adaptively. Perceptually high‐fidelity foveated high‐resolution frames are generated in real‐time, surpassing the quality of other foveated super‐resolution methods.
RSM and ANN‐Based Optimized Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction of Functional Components from Olive Fruit (cv Arbequina): Assessment of Antioxidant Attributes and GC‐MS Metabolites Profiling
Authors: Ali Liaqat , Anwar Farooq , Qadir Rahman , Batool Fozia , Mustaqeem Muhammad , Mohsin Ali Rana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current study devises an optimized ethanolic extraction for efficient recovery of high‐value components from Pakistani olives (cv. Arbequina) using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networking (ANN). Four factors such as time, temperature, solvent concentration, and solute weight (g/100 mL) were evaluated as independent variables for determining the response (% yield). The results obtained under optimum extraction conditions such as duration (25 min), temperature (45 °C), solvent concentration (65 %; ethanol: water v/v), and solute (7.50 g/100 mL) offered bioactives extract yield of 40.96 % from Arbiquina olives. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the RSM model showed significant p‐values and a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9960, confirming model's reliability. The results of ANN, which employed the multilayer perceptron design, were fairly in line with the findings of the experiments. The antioxidant characteristics and GC‐MS metabolite profile of the obtained extracts were examined. Arbequina olive extract (AOE) demonstrated very good antioxidant ability in terms of total phenolic, total flavonoid contents, and DPPH radical scavenging. The GC‐MS analysis of AOE confirmed the presence of several bioactives, including oleic acid (36.22 %), hydroxytyrosol (3.95 %), tyrosol (3.32 %), β‐sitosterol (2.10 %), squalene (1.10 %), sinapic acid (0.67 %), α‐tocopherol (0.66 %), vanillic acid (0.56 %), 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol (0.31 %), and quercetin (0.21 %). The suggested optimized extraction method can be employed to efficiently extract a wide variety of high‐value components from olives with potential for nutraceutical applications.
Comparative analysis of yield and quality traits in two elite Chinese wheat varieties under varied nitrogen fertilizations and environmental conditions
Authors: Xu Kaijie , Zhang Zhaoxing , Tian Wenfei , Zhi Lei , Yan Junliang , Yan Jun , Zheng Chengyan , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yong , He Zhonghu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study explored the impact of nitrogen (N) application on yield and breadmaking as well as arabinoxylan (AX) content of wheat varieties Zhongmai 578 and Jimai 22 across varied environments, aiming to optimize N levels for improved outcomes.FindingsSignificant N effects were observed on yield, flour properties, and breadmaking quality traits. Both varieties displayed high yield potential and stability, with Zhongmai 578 excelling in thousand kernel weight and Jimai 22 in spike number. Optimal N rates varied by location, with some achieving peak yields at reduced N levels. Processing traits like dough properties and bread‐making quality were influenced by E × N interactions. Arabinoxylans profiles was not affected by different N input.ConclusionsCustomizing N applications to specific environment is critical for maximizing wheat yield potential and quality. Environmental considerations are integral for achieving desired processing traits and yield, highlighting the need for tailored N strategies in wheat cultivation.Significance and NoveltyThis study emphasizes the importance of site‐specific optimization of N levels for enhanced yield and processing quality. It offers novel insights into site‐specific N management, showcasing its relevance in modern agricultural practices for sustainable crop production.
Type 3B jejunoileal atresia management at a tertiary hospital in northern Tanzania: A report of three cases
Authors: Rwomurushaka Evance Salvatory , Msuya David , Mbwambo Robert , Lodhia Jay 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageJejunalileal atresia is a cause of intestinal obstruction in the newborn, hence a surgical emergency. Prenatal diagnosis can be made by simple obstetric ultrasound and postnatal by plain abdominal x‐ray to plan a multidisciplinary approach to reduce morbidity and neonatal mortality.AbstractAtresia can occur anywhere along the intestines and is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in neonates. Jejunoileal atresia (JIA) is a rare disease occurring in 2.1 per 10,000 live births. Type 3b jejunoileal atresia occurs in 11% of all small bowel atresia. We present three cases of type 3b jejunoileal atresia. They were all missed by prenatal ultrasonography, and presented with features of intestinal obstruction. The diagnosis was confirmed by plain abdominal x‐rays and ultrasound, followed by laparotomy. Postoperative care was given in the neonatal unit according to local protocols. One recovered, however, two succumbed from neonatal infection. Jejunoileal atresia requires surgery and long postoperative care, with outcomes associated with numerous prognostic factors including multidisciplinary care and neonatal intensive care. Jejunoileal atresia is less commonly associated with other congenital anomalies, unlike duodenal atresia. Efforts are needed to scale up prenatal diagnosis of jejunoileal atresia, and therefore to plan for appropriate care after delivery. Also, further studies are needed to understand neonatal sepsis in the postoperative period and ways to improve outcomes.
Efficient removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from wastewater using amidoxime functionalized graphene oxide
Authors: Zou Lin , Shang Wan , Min Tingting , Zhang Biyu , Yuan Lu , Peng Xin , Chen Xiangping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to develop iminodiethylamine oxime graphite oxide (IOGO) through the grafting of iminodiethylamine oxime onto graphene oxide (GO) via amidation and oximation. The primary objective was to investigate the adsorption characteristics of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions on IOGO. Results demonstrated that IOGO exhibited exceptional adsorption capabilities, reaching maximum adsorption capacities of 798.87 mg/g for Pb(II) and 283.50 mg/g for Cd(II). Remarkably, IOGO maintained its high adsorption performance over five consecutive adsorption cycles. Specifically, the adsorption capacity for Pb(II) remained significantly stable at 480.78 mg/g, exhibiting only an 8.77% decrease. Similarly, the Cd(II) adsorption capacity remained robust at 204.13 mg/g, demonstrating a modest reduction of 10.47%. These findings underscore the feasibility of employing IOGO in repeated adsorption processes, thereby showcasing its potential for practical applications in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.
Opioid neurotoxicity: A case series and review from members of the Child Neurology Society Neurocritical Care Special Interest Group
Authors: Boerwinkle Varina L. , Sweatt Imani H. , Grzezulkowska Aniela , Reuther William R. , Gelinne Aaron , Cediel Emilio G. , Mithal Divakar S. , Quinsey Carolyn S. , Elton Scott W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Child Neurology Society 2023 Annual Meeting Neurocritical Care Special Interest Group discussed pediatric opioid use–associated neurotoxicity with cerebellar edema (POUNCE). Inspired by the discussion and the suspicion of an underrecognized severe form of the disorder, we provide a case series and literature review on this important and emerging topic.MethodsThe meeting was moderated by coauthor DSM, with formal presentation by coauthor AG, and supplemented with a supporting case by coauthor VLB. The attendees, by show of hand, were queried for experience with direct care of children in the critical care unit with neurotoxicity from opioid exposure. These meeting elements informed our literature review and case series.ResultsA key focus of the meeting was the importance of interdisciplinary communication regarding POUNCE, emphasizing the necessity for neurosurgical assessment due to mass effect. Approximately 10 of 40 attendees, representing different US hospitals, reported caring for children with opioid neurotoxicity and concern for increased intracranial pressure. Described during the meeting was a 2‐year‐old girl with opioid exposure, rapidly worsening neurological exam, and transforaminal herniation concerning for severe POUNCE syndrome and impact on brain networks by resting‐state functional magnetic resonanance imaging (rs‐MRI). After surgical decompression did not improve her neurological function, she underwent rs‐MRI, electroencephalogram, and MRI. The networks indicated better neurological function than the exam, consistent with outcome. In contrast, the second patient, was an 11‐month‐old boy with fentanyl exposure who was treated for opioid overdose and closely monitored clinically. He did not require surgical intervention and has recovered well.InterpretationThese patients add to the few publications documenting the management of POUNCE, which may require urgent posterior cranial fossa decompression, and highlight the potential for good outcomes. Additionally, this is the first report documenting rs‐fMRI for this condition, which was consistent with the patient's outcome.
Multiparametric identification of putative senescent cells in skeletal muscle via mass cytometry
Authors: Li Yijia , Baig Nameera , Roncancio Daniel , Elbein Kris , Lowe Dawn , Kyba Michael , Arriaga Edgar A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSenescence is an irreversible arrest of the cell cycle that can be characterized by markers of senescence such as p16, p21, and KI‐67. The characterization of different senescence‐associated phenotypes requires selection of the most relevant senescence markers to define reliable cytometric methodologies. Mass cytometry (a.k.a. Cytometry by time of flight, CyTOF) can monitor up to 40 different cell markers at the single‐cell level and has the potential to integrate multiple senescence and other phenotypic markers to identify senescent cells within a complex tissue such as skeletal muscle, with greater accuracy and scalability than traditional bulk measurements and flow cytometry‐based measurements. This article introduces an analysis framework for detecting putative senescent cells based on clustering, outlier detection, and Boolean logic for outliers. Results show that the pipeline can identify putative senescent cells in skeletal muscle with well‐established markers such as p21 and potential markers such as GAPDH. It was also found that heterogeneity of putative senescent cells in skeletal muscle can partly be explained by their cell type. Additionally, autophagy‐related proteins ATG4A, LRRK2, and GLB1 were identified as important proteins in predicting the putative senescent population, providing insights into the association between autophagy and senescence. It was observed that sex did not affect the proportion of putative senescent cells among total cells. However, age did have an effect, with a higher proportion observed in fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), satellite cells, M1 and M2 macrophages from old mice. Moreover, putative senescent cells from muscle of old and young mice show different expression levels of senescence‐related proteins, with putative senescent cells of old mice having higher levels of p21 and GAPDH, whereas putative senescent cells of young mice had higher levels of IL‐6. Overall, the analysis framework prioritizes multiple senescence‐associated proteins to characterize putative senescent cells sourced from tissue made of different cell types.
Optimizing energy‐efficient data replication for IoT applications in fog computing
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Awad , Diabat Ali , Abualigah Laith 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) has given rise to an era marked by interconnected devices and substantial data generation. This has led to an increased reliance on cloud computing for data processing and storage, primarily due to its cost‐effective pay‐for‐use model. However, this dependence has prompted critical inquiries into the optimal replication of data: what data to replicate, when to replicate it, and where to place new replicas strategically. Conventional cloud data replication often results in resource overutilization, performance bottlenecks, increased workloads, energy consumption, prolonged user wait times, and suboptimal response times. In response to these challenges, this paper introduces a novel approach named Multiobjective Optimization Harris Hawks Optimization with Salp Swarm Algorithm (MOHHOSSA). This approach employs multiobjective optimization (MOO) alongside Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) and IoT‐based Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) for cloud computing environments. MOHHOSSA efficiently identifies data replication opportunities and strategically allocates them across nodes in cloud computing infrastructures. The algorithm aims to enhance key performance metrics, including energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission rate, and mean service time. Extensive experimental validation demonstrates MOHHOSSA's superior performance compared to alternative algorithms. It excels in optimizing energy efficiency, load distribution, mean service time, and the establishment of cost‐effective communication paths between nodes. This research represents a significant advancement in addressing challenges related to IoT data replication in cloud computing, ultimately promoting more sustainable, efficient, and responsive cloud‐based services.
Maximization of sum rate for Wireless Powered Communication Network with Intelligent Reflecting Surface and NOMA in the nonappearance of uplink and downlink beamforming matrix, subject to transmit power and time
Authors: Ampoma Affum Emmanuel , Tweneboah‐Koduah Samuel , Kubi Appiah Michael , Gyamfi Eric , Adeola Ajagbe Sunday , Agyeman Antwi Owusu , Adigun Matthew 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWireless Powered Communication Networks (WPCNs) represent a transformative approach to address the energy demands of mobile and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. By integrating Nonorthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS), we can significantly enhance system performance, extend coverage, and elevate the sum rate. NOMA efficiently utilizes the entire bandwidth by employing a power allocation strategy, whereas IRS, serving as an alternative to traditional relay amplification, further bolsters the sum rate. Despite these advancements, optimizing the sum rate introduces a nonconvex optimization challenge, primarily owing to the signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) complexities introduced by NOMA's Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC). Traditional convex optimization solvers, such as the CVX, struggle to address nonconvexity directly. Consequently, they were unable to produce the desired outcome. Moreover, the combination of multiple technologies to improve the sum rate complicates the optimization framework, necessitating a multitude of constraints that not only heightens the mathematical complexity but also induces errors through the requisite approximations for convexity conversion. To circumvent these hurdles, we advocate the application of a minimum constrained nonlinear multivariable function (Fmincon). This approach enables us to tackle the nonconvex problem head‐on, maintaining consistent simulation parameters while limiting constraints to two pivotal factors: joint optimization of the transmit power (
) and transmit time (
). This strategic simplification mitigates complexity and minimizes errors. Our numerical analyses confirmed the efficacy of the proposed model and optimization technique. By co‐optimizing the transmission power and time, we achieved a notable sum rate. Comparative evaluations with extant models underscored the superior performance of our proposed framework, marking a significant stride in WPCN advancement.
Detection of transgenes in equine dried blood spots using digital PCR and qPCR for gene doping control
Authors: Maniego Jillian , Harding Caitlin , Habershon‐Butcher Jocelyn , Hincks Pamela , Stewart Graham , Proudman Christopher , Ryder Edward 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDue to the ease of collection, transport and storage, the use of dried blood spots (DBS) offers an attractive alternative matrix for detection of the abuse of gene therapy, otherwise known as gene doping. This study evaluated the recovery, extraction efficiency and resulting detection capability of DNA from DBS by evaluating different target types, DNA extraction kits, the number of punches and blood tube preservatives. The long‐term storage stability of low‐copy‐number transgene targets in DBS was not assessed in this study but would be noteworthy to investigate further. DNA was quantified using two detection methods: qPCR and digital PCR (dPCR). Using six punches with the Qiagen Investigator kit gave the best overall DNA yield compared with other extraction methods. Including three punches, however, gave better DNA extraction efficiency. Reference material could be detected using qPCR and dPCR in DBS spiked with 5000 copies/mL of blood (approximately 15 copies per 3 mm of punch). The optimal DNA extraction protocol was used on DBS samples from a custom recombinant adeno‐associated virus administration study and showed successful detection of vector targets in DBS samples.