bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational Simulation of Electromagnetic effect on Magnetic alginate Nanosphere: Molecular dynamics approach
Authors: Bahreini Maziar , Bondarian Fereydoon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Alginate-based nanoparticles are a promising platform for several applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and ability to encapsulate a variety of drugs. To simulate of Magnetic alginate-based nano nanoparticles which we named alginosome, Various analysis was used to interpret the results of these simulation. The MD system was performed in the NPT ensemble for a certain period of time to obtain the trajectory data for analysis including total and potential energy parameters, RDF and RMSD based on DERIDING forcefield. To calculate atomic behavior, Nano stability and disassembly process, an external electromagnetic field was applied using LAMMPS software package. The simulation results demonstrated total energy of magnetic alginosome was disassembled and converged after 200000 fs and zeta potential of Nano system reach to -1mV in response to an external electromagnetic field. Additionally, the size and shape of magnetic nanoparticles can have a significant impact on the RDF of a magnetic alginate-based nanosphere in molecular dynamics simulations. Overall, it plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of magnetic nanoparticles and can guide the design process to optimize their performance for various biomedical applications. It can provide valuable insights into the behavior of Magnetic Nano particles under different conditions and help optimize Nano system strategies.
Exploring physical, subjective and psychological wellbeing profile membership in adolescents: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Hennessey Alexandra , MacQuarrie Sarah , Petersen Kimberely 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding wellbeing in adolescents and within education settings is crucial to supporting young people. However, research defining and exploring wellbeing has typically taken a focus on subjective, psychological, social and emotional domains and has failed to incorporate aspects of physical health and wellbeing. This paper aimed to explore how both physical and subjective and psychological wellbeing can be combined to generate different profiles of wellbeing in adolescents, and understand the characteristics associated with this profile membership.
Methods
366 adolescents aged 11-16yrs (mean age 12.75) from three mainstream secondary schools across England completed an online survey capturing demographic characteristics, physical, subjective and psychological wellbeing, physical activity, emotional literacy, school belonging, and perceptions of learning ability. Latent profile analysis used a data driven approach to explore profiles of wellbeing using physical wellbeing and positive emotional state and positive outlook as predictors of profile membership. To understand profile characteristics demographics, physical activity and educational variables were added as co-variates.
Results
Three profiles were identified, 1) low wellbeing (n = 68, 19%) displaying low scores across physical wellbeing, positive emotional state and positive outlook, 2) moderate wellbeing (n = 168, 46%) characterised by average levels across physical wellbeing, positive emotional state and positive outlook, and 3) high wellbeing (n = 128, 35%) showing high score across physical wellbeing, positive emotional state and positive outlook. Compared to the high wellbeing profile, the moderate and low profiles membership was characterised by being older, being a girl, lower perceived socio-economic status, fewer hours of physical activity a week, and lower emotional literacy, school belonging and perceptions of learning.
Conclusions
The results evidence that physical, subjective and psychological wellbeing are closely inter-related, this finding coupled with increased physical activity in the higher wellbeing group signify physical health and activity are important components of overall wellbeing and should form part of a holistic approach to school wellbeing curriculums.
A New Metrics to Manage the Deadwood in FSC Certified Forests
Authors: Ceornea Ciprian , Dragoi Marian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The new metrics we calculated is the stochastic dominance index (SDI) given by the squared ratio between the area under cumulative distribution function (CDF) of high-quality trees and the area under the CDF of low-quality trees. SDIs were calculated separately for trees volume and diameter for beech, durmast, and oak trees. The procedure was applied on a set of data collected from 2592 harvestable trees within 35 compartments. where all trees had been grouped in two quality classes: high quality and low quality respectively. We considered three combinations of SDIs that hint to three different decisions: 1) if both SDIs < 1 it is recommended to spare low quality trees as deadwood; 2) if both SDIs > 1 it is preferable to put off harvesting operations for one decade, in order to increase the volume accumulated on high quality trees, and 3) if the two SDIs convey confusing signals, the whole stand shall be harvested in due time, or even sooner, if needed. It was found that only 3 compartments, stretching over 57 hectares, could be entirely spared from harvesting in order to keep low quality trees as habitat for fungi, insects, birds, and small mammals.
Epigenetic reactivation of a neurodevelopmental phosphoprotein program in pituitary adenomas
Authors: Chittiboina Prashant , Mullaney Dustin , Bhatt Shyama , Mandal Debjani , Nwokoye Diana , Stoica Stefan , Bhatt Dhruvall , Johnson Kory , Elkhaloun Abdel , Dampier Chris , Abdullaev Zied , Aldape Kenneth , Maric Dragan , Quignon Clarisse , Wray Susan , Khan-Lewis Nadia , Malik Nasir , Steiner Joseph , Li Yan , Nieman Lynnette , Tatsi Christina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: The protein kinase-phosphatase equilibrium is essential for eukaryotic development and homeostasis, but its epigenomic dysregulation in human tumors remains unexplored.Objectives/Methods: We employed an omics-based approach to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of pituitary adenomas, which comprise 20% of primary brain tumors. We created paired datasets of human pituitary adenomas and adjacent normal human pituitary glands, assaying chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, transcriptomic, proteomic, and phospho-proteomic landscapes.Results: Adrenocorticotropin secreting adenoma cells reactivated a postnatally lost neurodevelopmental phosphoprotein program and overexpressed PPP1R17, an inhibitor of tumor suppressor PP2A. PPP1R17 overexpression in murine pituitary cells mirrored the adenoma phenotype, which was reversible with an FDA-approved PP2A agonist.Conclusions: Our study identified the epigenetic reactivation of a neurodevelopmental phosphoprotein program as a potential therapeutic target for human tumors.
Sulforaphane alleviates renal fibrosis through dual regulation on mTOR-mediated autophagy pathway
Authors: Zhang Di , Zhang Han , Lv Shiqi , Zhu Cheng , Gong Shaomin , Yu Xixi , Wang Yulin , Huang Xinhui , Yuan ShuangXin , Ding Xiaoqiang , Zhang Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Renal fibrosis is a common pathological process of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, effective therapy is limited currently. Autophagy is an important mechanism in kidney injury and repairment but its exact role in renal fibrosis was discrepant according to previous studies. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural plant compound, was explored as a promising nutritional therapy in a range of diseases. But the salutary effect and underlying mechanism of SFN on CKD have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of SFN on renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. Then we examined the regulatory effect of SFN on autophagy-related proteins in renal fibroblasts and renal tubular epithelial cells. Our results showed that sulforaphane could significantly alleviate renal fibrosis in UUO mice. In vitro, the expression levels of autophagy-related protein showed that SFN could upregulate the autophagy activity of renal interstitial fibroblasts and downregulate autophagy activity of renal tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, we found that phosphorylated mTOR protein levels was reduced in renal fibroblasts and increased in renal tubular epithelial cells after SFN treatment. Our results strongly suggested that SFN could alleviate renal fibrosis through dual regulation on mTOR-mediated autophagy pathway. This finding may provide a new perspective on the renal salutary effect of SFN and provide a preclinical rationale for exploring therapeutic potential of SFN to slow down renal fibrosis.
H-Step A head Prediction of Soil Temperature at Different Depths
Authors: Yousefi-Babadi Abolghasem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The soil temperature plays a strong role in the critical processes and also has a critical role in surface energy balancing and saving. On the other hand, soil temperature parameters, such as depth of frost penetration, are essential indicators of climate in agriculture, construction and installation of drainage and water piping networks. In this paper, the H-step ahead temperature prediction of soil at the difference depth (5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 centimeters) is modeled. Data of average relative humidity, minimum daily temperatures, average daily temperature, solar radiation and historical data of the previous soil temperature were used for predicting the soil temperature. A compression study among three prediction algorithms, including ordinary least square, multi-layer perceptron and local linear models, are carried out to obtain the best prediction algorithm. On the other hand, to find a reliable and efficient prediction of h-step ahead of soil temperature in various depths, three different prediction models, which is used several input data, are designed. Proposed models are evaluated by several confirmed cases. By evaluating the accuracy criteria and comparing prediction models considering these indices, the best prediction model is introduced. Finally, numerous diagrams and tables are presented to measure the fitted model.
Gate Modulation of Barrier Height of Unipolar Vertically Stacked Monolayer ReS2 / MoS2 Heterojunction.
Authors: Polumati Gowtham , Kolli Chandra Sekhar Reddy , kumar Aayush , Salazar Mario Flores , Bugallo Andres De Luna , Sahatiya Parikshit 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study investigates vertically stacked CVD grown ReS2/MoS2 unipolar heterostructure device as Field Effect Transistor (FET) device wherein ReS2 on top acts as drain and MoS2 at bottom acts as source. The electrical measurements of ReS2/MoS2 FET device were carried out and variation in IDS (drain current) Vs VDS (drain voltage) for different VGS (gate voltage) revealing the n-type device characteristics. Furthermore, the threshold voltage was calculated at the gate bias voltage corresponding to maximum transconductance (gm) value which is ~ 12 V. The mobility of the proposed ReS2/MoS2 heterojunction FET device was calculated as 30.48 cm2 V-1 s-1. The band structure of the fabricated vDW heterostructure was extracted utilizing ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and the UV-visible spectroscopy revealing the formation of 2D electron gas (2DEG) at the ReS2/MoS2 interface which explains the high carrier mobility of the fabricated FET. The field effect behavior is studied by the modulation of the barrier height across heterojunction and detailed explanation is presented in terms of the charge transport across the heterojunction.
Attenuation of Experimental Cholesterol Gallstone Formation by Manganese Chloride in Mice: Role of Nfκβ Pathways
Authors: T. SALAMI Adeola , Orji Juliet Chisom , Akpamu Uwaifoh , Iyiola Toluwalope , olaleye Samuel Babafemi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Manganese (Mn) a trace element, has been documented to exert important role in the metabolism of cholesterol. Cholesterol gallstone (CG) pathogenesis is directly linked to biliary cholesterol imbalance which could be due to diabetes complication or mis-management. NF-κB pathway, an inflammatory regulator has been implicated in metabolic disease especially during diabetes and gallstone. However, management of cholesterol gallstone due to diabetes with trace element is vague. This study investigates the probable role of Manganese during cholesterol gallstone formation due to diabetes complications. 80 Female Swiss mice were grouped thus: I (control), II (Untreated-CG), III and IV (normal mice treated 0.37mg/kg and 0.74mg/kg Mn respectively), V and VI (CG treated 0.37mg/kg and 0.74mg/kg Mn respectively), and VII and VIII (CG treated 75mg/7kg and 350mg/kg aspirin respectively). Experimental CG was induced with cholesterol-rich diets after alloxan-induced diabetes. On sacrifice, blood collected was evaluated for complete haematological analysis and biochemistry while excised liver was assayed for biochemical variables. Results were subjected to one-way ANOVA values were expressed as Mean ± SEM and significant at p ≤ 0.05. Manganese treatment significantly increased packed cell volume, RBC count and haemoglobin with decreased platelet and leukocyte counts, liver enyzmes (AST, ALT and ALP), BUN and creatinine levels in CG groups compared with untreated-CG. Blood glucose, plasma Low Density Lipoproteins and liver malodialdehyde levels were significantly reduced while Liver nitric-oxide, sulfhydryl and glutathione levels increased significantly in Manganese-treated groups compared with untreated-CG. Manganese significantly increased feacal iron contents in normal mice by the 2nd week. Hepatocytes and gallbladder histology appear normal in Manganese-treated groups. Liver NF-Kβ immunoreactivity was downregulated in Manganese-treated CG groups. Manganese attenuated experimental hyperglycemia induced cholesterol gallstone by ameliorating liver oxidative stress and NF-Kβ inflammatory pathway.
Perturbation-induced nonreciprocal transmission in nonlinear parity-time-symmetric silicon micromechanical resonators
Authors: Huang Qing-An , Wang Rui , Han Lei , Zhang Man-Na , Wang Li-Feng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Parity-time (PT) symmetric systems featuring balanced gain and loss, when biased in a broken phase, can produce nonreciprocal transmission in the presence of nonlinear gain. However, the weak coupling in the broken phase leads to high insertion loss during transmission. Here, we demonstrate an approach to achieve nonreciprocal transmission in PT-symmetric silicon micromechanical resonators operating in an exact phase. In our approach, PT-symmetry breaking due to external perturbations to the loss resonator results in exponential growth and decay modes. The presence of the nonlinear gain suppresses the exponential growth mode. As a result, the nonreciprocal transmission is achieved while keeping the system at the strong coupling region. The coupling strength, perturbation, and gain nonlinearity of the system can be electrically tuned. The system shows 8 dB of nonreciprocal transmission with the insertion loss less than 5 dB and the isolation more than 13 dB. Our approach demonstrates the ability to manipulate nonreciprocal transmission and opens a door towards the development of electronic isolators and circulators on silicon substrate.
AI based Deep Radiomics for Quantification of Macular Edema: A Continuous, Non-categorical, Numerical Score for Personalized Medicine
Authors: Puri Ashok , Krueger Ronald 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Existing categorical grading methods in medicine fail to capture subtle variations in disease spectrum which are crucial for closely monitoring its progression, response to treatment, and developing new guidelines to enable personalized and precision medicine. We developed a truly continuous, non-categorical, numerical score, called the Edema Score (ES), with a precision of multiple decimal places, for grading macular edema in retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. This score was determined by obtaining the directional derivatives using activations extracted from the final convolutional layer of a deep learning retinal OCT model and the specialist defined edema concepts. Significant differences in ES were observed between different groups of edema severity (p < 0.001). It captured complex nonlinear relationships from edema features in an image, that correlated well with the disease severity, response to treatment, the prognostically significant internal pattern of edema, and its invisible spread into the surrounding regions. The scalability of this deep radiomics approach to more biomarkers in Ophthalmic imaging and in other domains of medicine, can serve as a bridge ushering us into an era of precision medicine.
In situ magnetic-field-assisted bioprinting process using magnetorheological bioink to obtain engineered muscle constructs
Authors: Kim GeunHyung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Tissue-engineered anisotropic cell constructs are promising candidates for treating volumetric muscle loss (VML). However, achieving successful cell alignment within macroscale 3D cell constructs for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration remains challenging, owing to difficulties in controlling cell arrangement within a low-viscosity hydrogel. Herein, we propose the concept of a magnetorheological bioink to manipulate the cellular arrangement within a low-viscosity hydrogel. This bioink consisted of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), iron oxide nanoparticles, and human adipose stem cells (hASCs). The cell arrangement is regulated by the responsiveness of iron oxide nanoparticles to external magnetic fields. A bioprinting process using ring magnets was developed for in situ bioprinting, resulting in well-aligned 3D cell structures and enhanced mechanotransduction effects on hASCs. In vitro analyses revealed upregulation of cellular activities, including myogenic-related gene expression, in hASCs. When implanted into a VML mouse model, the bioconstructs improved muscle functionality and regeneration, validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Status of Mentoring Among Clinical Medical and Dental Students of the College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Authors: NKUBLI F.B. , A.BAKARI  , A.ANAS  
Published: August 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:To assess the status of mentoring among clinical dental and medical students of the College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Northeast, Nigeria.Materials and Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to sample the opinions of 240 students of clinical dental and medical students. A 13-item self – self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire designed and distributed through Google Forms was used to collect information from respondents on the status of mentoring programs at the College of Medical Science. Data Collected was analyzed with the use of Microsoft Excel 2016 version, where descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were generated from the data.Results;of the 240 respondents studied, 187(78%) of students are aware of the college mentoring program while 31(12.9%) of students were not aware, 15(6.3%) were not sure they were aware and 5(2.1%) did not respond to the question on the mentoring program initiated in the college.Conclusion:the status of mentoring in the College of Medical Science as ongoing. The mentoring program of the college at the time of this study is active and ongoing with increased awareness among students. However, the frequency of meetings between mentor-mentee has reduced over time with a lack of protected time for mentoring.
The effect of tree bark aqueous extracts on acid corrosion of austenitic steels 10X18N10T and 10X17N13M2T
Authors: Школьников Е. В. 
Published: August 2024

Механизм ингибирования коррозии аустенитных сталей 10Х18Н10Т и 10Х17Н13М2Т в сильных кислотах, а также возможность увеличения антикоррозийного действия экстрактов коры изменением породного состава древесной коры, минеральными и органическими добавками изучены недостаточно. Цель работы - гравиметрическое и электрохимическое исследование влияния температуры и состава ингибирующих композиций на основе водных экстрактов коры осины (ЭКО), ели (ЭКЕ) и сосны (ЭКС) на скорость и механизм коррозии сталей 10Х18Н10Т и 10Х17Н13М2Т в 5%-й соляной кислоте. Эта кислота применяется с добавкой ингибитора для промывки и химической очистки варочного и теплообменного оборудования. Получены и анализируются новые данные по кинетике кислотной коррозии исследованных сталей, необходимые для определения механизма ингибирования водоэкстрактивными веществами древесной коры. Показано, что при одинаковом содержании 1 г/л ингибирующее действие водоэкстрактивных веществ (ВЭВ) древесной коры на кислотную коррозию сталей увеличивается в ряду ЭКС &lt; ЭКЕ &lt; ЭКО, при повышении концентрации ВЭВ до 3,8 г/л и температуры от 20 до 50 °С , при смешении экстрактов коры разных видов и еще сильнее при введении в экстракты синергистов гексаметилентетрамина или йодида калия.
The mechanism of corrosion inhibition of austenitic steels 10X18N10T and 10X17N13M2T in strong acids, as well as the possibility of increasing the anti-corrosive effect of bark extracts by changing the species composition of tree bark, mineral and organic additives have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of the work is a gravimetric and electrochemical study of the effect of temperature and inhibitory compositions based on aqueous extracts of aspen (EKO), spruce (EKE) and pine (EKS) burk on the rate and mechanism of 10X18N10T and 10X17N13M2T steels corrosion in 5% hydrochloric acid. This acid is used with the addition of an inhibitor for washing and chemical cleaning of cooking and heat exchange equipment. New data on the kinetics of acid corrosion of the studied steels are obtained and analyzed, which are necessary to determine the mechanism of inhibition by water-extractive substances of tree bark. It is shown that with the same content of 1 g / l the inhibitory effect of wood bark water-extractive substances on steels acid corrosion increases in a number of EKS &lt;EKE&lt; EKO, with an increase in the concentration of extractive substances to 3,8 g / l and a temperature from 20 to 50 °C, when mixing bark extracts of different types and even stronger when introducing synergists hexamethylenetetramine or potassium iodide into the extracts.
Flood detection in the Upper Krishna Basin through integrated geospatial analysis: leveraging decision frameworks and statistical measures
Authors: Sharma Kul Vaibhav , Jadhav Prasad , Kumar Vijendra , Dongare Pranit , Munoth Priyamitra , Singh Karan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Floods threaten the environment and human settlements across river basins globally, including the Upper Krishna Basin in India. This research delves into evaluating flood hazard areas within the Upper Krishna Basin utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Frequency Ratio (FR), and Statistical Index (SI). These methodologies prioritize and classify flood-prone regions by integrating spatial and non-spatial criteria. The findings reveal significant variations in flood risk classification across the Upper Krishna Basin based on the three models. The AHP model identifies 3.37% of the region as low flood risk, with 22.90% classified as moderate risk, and 68.27% as high risk. In contrast, the FR model designates 3.76% as low risk, 10.50% as moderate risk, and 42.21% as high risk. Meanwhile, the SI model identifies 1.04% of areas with low risk, 35.38% with under-high risk, and 57.87% with very high risk. Validation using Receiver Operating Characteristic-Area Under the Curve (ROC-AUC) values demonstrates the superior reliability of the SI model. These findings offer valuable insights for decision-makers to allocate resources and implement effective flood mitigation measures.