bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trapped Placenta and Conceptus in Uterine Sacculation: Two Rare Case Reports
Authors: Kokila MS , Dwivedi Akhilesh Dutta , Indira H , Dwarakinath L 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT
Uterine sacculation is a very rare pregnancy complication having an incidence of about one in 3000 pregnancies. It is more commonly associated with retroverted uterus. Isolated sacculation either congenital or acquired is very rare. Without timely intervention, this can cause miscarriage, intrauterine fetal death, preterm delivery, uterine rupture, adherent/retained placenta and postpartum hemorrhage. Retained placenta is a common complication of congenital sacculation. Acquired sacculation occurs secondary to uterine surgeries, like uterine curettage, hysterotomy, cesarean section or following misoprost use. A rare case of retained placenta in the congenital uterine sacculation, first diagnosed during laparotomy done for failed manual removal of placenta, which was removed by hysterotomy. Another case with failed induction of abortion for intrauterine fetal demise and threatened rupture of acquired sacculation are reported.
Awareness and early diagnosis of uterine sacculation allows clinicians to be prepared for emergency situations and better manage complications, to limit fetomaternal morbidity and mortality.

Abbreviations
IUGR: Intrauterine growth restriction; IUFD: Intrauterine fetal death.

How to cite this article
Kokila MS, Indira H, Dwivedi AD, Dwarakinath L. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2): 89-90.
South African Food Security and Climate Change: Agriculture Futures
Authors: Dube Sikhalazo , Scholes Robert J. , Nelson Gerald C. , Mason-D’Croz Daniel , Palazzo Amanda 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The projected changes in planted area, yield per area, net exports/imports and prices for five major agricultural crops in South Africa were simulated using the projections of four Global Circulation Models (GCMs) under three socio-economic scenarios. The GCM projections show consistent strong warming over the subcontinent, but disagree with respect to future precipitation, from slight wetting (particularly on the eastern side) to overall slight drying. The future crop yields were simulated using the DSSAT crop model suite. The planted area, commodity prices and net exports were simulated using the IMPACT global food trade model. The results indicate slightly rising to stable yields per unit area up to 2050, despite climate change, largely due to the inbuilt assumption of ongoing agronomic and genetic improvements. Vulnerability to food insecurity increases in the future under all but the most optimistic development scenarios, and is exacerbated by climate change, especially through global-scale, market- related mechanisms. Policies to increase local agricultural production in South Africa, decrease climate sensitivity and access to international markets are highlighted.
MUC1 has Prognostic Significance in Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Authors: Pillai Krishna , Pourgholami Mohammad H. , Chua Terence C. , Morris David L. 
Published: September 2013

Background Overexpression of MUC1 predicts poor survival in most cancers. Routine immunohistochemical detection of MUC1 is performed for differential diagnosis in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM). However, the prognostic significance of MUC1 in MPM has not been determined. Method We investigated MUC1 expression and other prognostic factors in relation to survival in 42 patients (20 males and 22 females) for whom archival samples were available, using immunohistochemistry. MUC1 was expressed in 38/42 (90%) patients. Its prognostic significance was statistically analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results High expression of MUC1 (immunohistochemical score of 5-8), was correlated with poor survival in several categories: all subtypes of tumors (p=0.001), male gender (p=0.017), female gender (p=0.001), epitheloid tumors (p=0.001), epitheloid tumors in males (p=0.005), epitheloid tumors in females (p=0.003), and age at diagnosis (AAD) <60 years (p=0.001). Amongst the other clinicopathological variables, univariate analysis also showed that male gender (p=0.007), sarcomatoid histology (p=0.001), peritoneal cancer index (PCI) ≥20 (p=0.013) and AAD ≥60 (p=0.001), correlated with poor survival. Multivariate analysis showed that only AAD ≥60 (p=0.049) was an independent prognostic factor, and that high MUC1 expression significantly correlated with the following categories: all subtypes of tumors (p=0.001), male gender (p=0.002), female gender (p=0.031), epitheloid tumors (p=0.031), and AAD <60y (p=0.012). Conclusion AAD and high MUC1 expression in the tumor are indicators of poor prognosis. MUC1 evaluation by immunohistochemistry may serve as a useful prognostic tool in MPM, but may need further confirmation in a larger patients' cohort.
Magnetic Colloidal Supraparticles: Design, Fabrication and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Guo Jia , Yang Wuli , Wang Changchun 
Published: September 2013

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) bear many intriguing properties such as superparamagnetism, high specific surface area, remarkable colloidal stability and biocompatibility, which evoke great interest and desire of exploration in biomedical applications. For the use in the complicated physiological environment, MNPs are still being developed to have the enhanced performances and down‐to‐earth practicality. Engineering of MNPs into hierarchical structures is thus proposed to create a new family of magnetic materials, magnetic colloidal supraparticles (MCSPs), which exhibit collective properties and unique nanomaterial characters. From a biomedical point of view, applicability of MCSPs is somewhat more distinctive in contrast to their primary MNPs, because MCSPs are amenable to modulation of secondary structure, promotion of magnetic responsiveness and ease of function design. As a result, MCSPs have been subject to intense researches in recent years, with the aim to develop outstanding composite materials for biomedical applications. In this review, we embark on an overview of foundational topics that detail the design and fabrication of MCSPs by evaporation‐induced emulsion and solvothermal techniques, and continue with a guideline for modification of MCSPs with inorganic oxides and organic polymers. Particular focus is then placed on the biomedical applications of modified MCSPs. Many examples illustrate the latest progress in design of MCSP‐based microspheres for magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drug delivery, sensing, and harvesting of peptides/proteins. After these detailed accounts, the current challenges and future development of researches and applications are discussed as a conclusion to the review.
A stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) perspective on human diet on rapa nui (Easter Island) ca. AD 1400–1900
Authors: Commendador Amy S. , Dudgeon John V. , Finney Bruce P. , Fuller Benjamin T. , Esh Kelley S. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTEcological and environmental evidence suggests that Rapa Nui was among the most marginally habitable islands in Eastern Polynesia, with only a fraction of the biotic diversity found on archipelagos to the west, and capable of sustaining many fewer cultigens traditionally transported by Polynesian colonizers. However, archaeological evidence for human dietary adaptations under such restrictions is limited. Little is known about the particulars of the subsistence base and dietary changes on Rapa Nui that may be associated with a hypothesized late prehistoric decline in the quality and diversity of food sources. To better understand prehistoric Rapa Nui diet we examined stable carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions of human teeth along with archaeological faunal material thought to comprise the Rapa Nui food web. Our results indicate that contrary to previous zooarchaeological studies diet was predominantly terrestrial throughout the entire sequence of occupation, with reliance on rats, chickens and C3 plants. While a few individuals may have had access to higher trophic level marine resources, this is evident only later in time (generally post–AD 1600). A decline in δ15N through time was observed, and may be attributed to declines in available terrestrial proteins; however, presently we cannot rule out the effect of changing soil and plant baseline δ15N. Our results also suggest differential access to higher trophic level marine resources among contemporaneous populations, but more research is required to clarify this observation. Am J Phys Anthropol 152:173–185, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Estimating the kinetic parameters regarding barium sulfate deposition in porous media: a genetic algorithm approach
Authors: Safari H. , Jamialahmadi M. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTScale formation and precipitation of sparingly soluble salts are categorized among the most costly and critical problems that occur when injected fluid starts to break through in petroleum reservoirs during secondary recovery processes. Many oilfields are encountering the problem of barium sulfate deposition as a result of mixing barium rich formation water with seawater bearing excessive amounts of sulfate anions. To study the extent of permeability reduction imposed on a reservoir, it is vital to comprehend the mechanisms and kinetics of barium sulfate deposition. In this study, an analytical model is employed to estimate the kinetic parameters of barium sulfate deposition over various temperature ranges. Because the problem is highly nonlinear and can possess multiple local minima, global parameter estimation is more preferable than iterative least square methods. Therefore, genetic algorithm is used to estimate the activation energy and the pre‐exponential factor for the precipitation of barium sulfate in porous media. Optimization results revealed a good agreement with experimental data, and the estimated kinetic variables are in accordance with the collision theory of chemical reactions. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Herbally derived polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Suganya S. , Venugopal Jayarama , Ramakrishna Seeram , Lakshmi B. S. , Giri Dev V. R. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTHydroxyapatite (HA), the bone mineral and Cissus quadrangularis (CQ), a medicinal plant with osteogenic activity, are attaining increasing interest as a potential therapeutic agent for enhanced bone tissue regeneration. In the present study a synergistic effect of these two agents were analyzed by fabricating PCL‐CQ‐HA nanofibrous scaffolds by electrospinning and compared with PCL‐CQ and PCL (control) nanofibrous scaffolds. Morphology, composition, hydrophilicity, and mechanical properties of the electrospun PCL, PCL‐CQ, PCL‐CQ‐HA nanofibrous scaffolds were examined by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Contact angle and Tensile tests, respectively. The response of human foetal osteoblast cells on these scaffolds were evaluated using MTS assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining, and osteocalcin expression for bone tissue regeneration. While the observed cellular response to both groups of scaffolds was better than for the control PCL scaffold, the PCL‐CQ‐HA nanofibrous scaffolds provided the most favorable substrate for cell proliferation and mineralization. The results showed that PCL‐CQ‐HA nanofibrous scaffolds had appropriate surface roughness for the osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization comparing with other scaffolds. The observed investigation of physicochemical and biological properties suggests that the CQ‐HA loaded PCL nanofibrous scaffolds serve as a potential biocomposite material for bone tissue engineering. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39835.
Characteristics and 3D formation of PVA and PEO electrospun nanofibers with embedded urea
Authors: Hassounah Ibrahim , Shehata Nader , Hudson Amanda , Orler Bruce , Meehan Kathleen 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe behavior of electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofibers embedded with urea is studied as a function of various process parameters. Our results show that three‐dimensional nanofiber networks can be obtained when high concentrations of urea in the solution are used during electrospinning. The nanofibers are characterized using both scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The stability of the nanofiber as a function of electric field has also been studied. The successful formation of three‐dimensional nanofiber networks can open new trends toward applications in fertilizers containing nanofibers in the nanoagricultural field. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39840.
Adhesion of maleic anhydride functionalized polyolefins and blends
Authors: Tse Mun Fu 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTWe study three new classes of olefin‐based polymer, low‐molecular‐weight homopolypropylene (LMW‐hPP), syndiotactic‐rich polypropylene (srPP), and random propylene polymer (RPP). RPP is a random propylene/ethylene copolymer. By blending LMW‐hPP with 20 wt % of a maleic anhydride (MA) functionalized srPP (MA‐srPP) or MA functionalized RPP (MA‐RPP) instead of a commercial MA‐iPP (maleic anhydride‐grafted‐isotactic polypropylene), adhesion to a polar substrate, such as polyester (Mylar), is greatly enhanced. Effects of crystallinity controlled by either stereoregularity or comonomer incorporation and molecular weight of these MA functionalized propylene‐based polymers on adhesive performance are discussed. To further understand the mechanisms of enhanced adhesion, Sum Frequency Generation (SFG) spectroscopy is used to evaluate the migration of MA‐srPP in LMW‐hPP towards the interface when contacting a polar sapphire substrate. It shows that the buried interface between the LMW‐hPP/MA‐srPP blend (wt ratio = 80/20) and sapphire has the same characteristic spectrum as the MA‐srPP/sapphire interface, suggesting the enrichment of MA‐srPP in the interfacial polymer when the blend is in contact with sapphire. Also, vibrational modes of C=O have been detected at both the blend/sapphire and MA‐srPP/sapphire interfaces, further indicating that the interfacial polymer contains MA groups. Besides Mylar, adhesion to the non‐polar iPP substrate is also studied. The adhesion mechanisms to these polar and non‐polar substrates are explained in terms of our adhesion model. Applications of these MA functionalized polyolefins and blends are envisioned in the tie‐layer and adhesive areas. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39855.
Synthesis, Supramolecular Behavior, and In Vitro Photodynamic Activities of Novel Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines “Side‐strapped” with Crown Ether Bridges
Authors: Chen Xing‐Wei , Ke Mei‐Rong , Li Xing‐Shu , Lan Wen‐Liang , Zhang Miao‐Fen , Huang Jian‐Dong 
Published: September 2013

AbstractTwo new tetra‐ or di‐α‐substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines 5 and 6 have been prepared through a “side‐strapped” method. In the molecules, the adjacent benzene rings of the phthalocyanine core are linked at α‐position through a triethylene glycol bridge to form a hybrid aza‐/oxa‐crown ether. The tetra‐α‐substituted phthalocyanine 5 shows an eclipsed self‐assembly property in CH2Cl2 and the effect on the di‐α‐substituted analogue 6 is significantly weakened. Furthermore, the crown ethers of these compounds can selectively complex with Fe3+ or Cu2+ ion in DMF, leading to formation of J‐aggregated nano‐assemblies, which can be disaggregated in the presence of some organic or inorganic ligands, such as triethylamine, tetramethylethylenediamine, CH3COO−, or OH−. In addition, both compounds are efficient singlet oxygen generators with the singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ) of 0.54‐0.74 in DMF relative to unsubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ΦΔ=0.56). They exhibit photodynamic activities toward HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells, but the compound 6, which has more than 40‐fold lower IC50 value (0.08 μM) compared to the analogue 5 (IC50=3.31 μM), shows remarkablely higher in vitro photocytotoxicity due to its significantly higher cellular uptake and singlet oxygen generation efficiency. The results suggest that these compounds can serve as promising multifunctional materials both in (opto)electronic field and photodynamic therapy.
Microwave‐Accelerated Pd‐Catalyzed Desulfitative Direct C2‐Arylation of Free (NH)‐Indoles with Arylsulfinic Acids
Authors: Miao Tao , Li Pinhua , Wang Guan‐Wu , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe rapid and efficient direct C2‐arylation of free (NH)‐indoles with arylsulfinic acids proceeded through a microwave‐accelerated palladium‐catalyzed desulfitation reaction. By using PdCl2 as a catalyst, silver acetate as an oxidant, and H2SO4 as an additive, arylsulfinic acids with both electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups underwent desulfitative coupling with an array of free (NH)‐indoles, thereby selectively providing C2‐arylindoles in good yields.
Baugrundverbesserung nach dem CSV‐Verfahren
Authors: Reitmeier Wolfgang 
Published: September 2013

AbstractFlachgründungen auf verbessertem Baugrund werden in der Praxis immer häufiger als technische und wirtschaftliche Gründungsalternative zu Tiefgründungen ausgeführt. Zur Quantifizierung des möglichen Verbesserungsgrades durch den Wasserentzug von Trockenmörtelsäulen, hergestellt nach dem CSV‐Verfahren, wurden an der Hochschule Konstanz umfangreiche Laborversuche durchgeführt. Ziel war es, für die Praxis Bemessungsempfehlungen zu entwickeln, auf deren Grundlage der Verbesserungsgrad analytisch abgeschätzt werden kann. Nach Erläuterung der Versuchsergebnisse wird mit einem Zahlenbeispiel ein einfaches Bemessungsverfahren vorgestellt. Neben dem durch den Wasserentzug verursachten Verbesserungsgrad kann hierin auch der durch die Verdrängung resultierende Verbesserungsanteil mit quantitativer Einschränkung berücksichtigt werden. Im Ergebnis ist eine numerische Abschätzung des Verbesserungsgrades allein mithilfe von klassischen bodenmechanischen Ansätzen möglich.Ground improvement by the CSV method – Recommendations – based on laboratory findings – how to estimate the degree of improvement of soil properties by dry mortar pillarsIncreasingly, shallow foundations on improved ground are implemented as technical and economical alternatives to deep foundations. In order to quantify the degree of possible improvement by dehydrating dry mortar columns with the CSV method, extensive laboratory tests were performed at the University of Konstanz. The goal was to develop design recommendations for practical use enabling the analytical estimation of the degree of possible improvement. After discussing the experimental results, a simple design method is introduced using a numerical example. Besides the improvement caused by dehydration, the degree of improvement due to displacement can also be considered with a quantitative restriction. As a result, a numerical estimate of the degree of improvement is possible by solely using classical soil mechanics approaches.
Hospitalizations, costs, and mortality among infants with critical congenital heart disease: How important is timely detection?
Authors: Peterson Cora , Dawson April , Grosse Scott D. , Riehle‐Colarusso Tiffany , Olney Richard S. , Tanner Jean Paul , Kirby Russell S. , Correia Jane A. , Watkins Sharon M. , Cassell Cynthia H. 
Published: September 2013

BACKGROUNDCritical congenital heart disease (CCHD) was recently added to the U.S. Recommended Uniform Screening Panel for newborns. States considering screening requirements may want more information about the potential impact of screening. This study examined potentially avoidable mortality among infants with late detected CCHD and assessed whether late detection was associated with increased hospital resource use during infancy.METHODSThis was a state‐wide, population‐based, observational study of infants with CCHD (n = 3603) born 1998 to 2007 identified by the Florida Birth Defects Registry. We examined 12 CCHD conditions that are targets of newborn screening. Late detection was defined as CCHD diagnosis after the birth hospitalization. Deaths potentially avoidable through screening were defined as those that occurred outside a hospital following birth hospitalization discharge and those that occurred within 3 days of an emergency readmission.RESULTSFor 23% (n = 825) of infants, CCHD was not detected during the birth hospitalization. Death occurred among 20% (n = 568/2,778) of infants with timely detected CCHD and 8% (n = 66/825) of infants with late detected CCHD, unadjusted for clinical characteristics. Potentially preventable deaths occurred in 1.8% (n = 15/825) of infants with late detected CCHD (0.4% of all infants with CCHD). In multivariable models adjusted for selected characteristics, late CCHD detection was significantly associated with 52% more admissions, 18% more hospitalized days, and 35% higher inpatient costs during infancy.CONCLUSIONIncreased CCHD detection at birth hospitals through screening may lead to decreased hospital costs and avoid some deaths during infancy. Additional studies conducted after screening implementation are needed to confirm these findings. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:664–672, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Factors associated with distance and time traveled to cleft and craniofacial care
Authors: Cassell Cynthia H. , Krohmer Anne , Mendez Dara D. , Lee Kyung A. , Strauss Ronald P. , Meyer Robert E. 
Published: September 2013

BACKGROUNDInformation on travel distance and time to care for children with birth defects is lacking. We examined factors associated with travel distance and time to cleft care among children with orofacial clefts.METHODSIn 2006, a mail/phone survey was administered in English and Spanish to all resident mothers of children with orofacial clefts born 2001 to 2004 and identified by the North Carolina birth defects registry. We analyzed one‐way travel distance and time and the extent to which taking a child to care was a problem. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between selected sociodemographic factors and travel distance (≤60 miles and >60 miles) and time (≤60 min and >60 min) to cleft care.RESULTSOf 475 eligible participants, 51.6% (n = 245) responded. Of the respondents, 97.1% (n = 238) were the child's biological mother. Approximately 83% (n = 204) of respondents were non‐Hispanic White; 33.3% (n = 81) were college educated; and 50.0% (n = 115) had private health insurance. One‐way mean and median travel distances were 80 and 50 miles, respectively (range, 0–1058 miles). One‐way mean and median travel times were 92 and 60 min, respectively (range, 5 min to 8 hr). After adjusting for selected sociodemographics, travel distance varied significantly by maternal education, child's age, and cleft type. Travel time varied significantly by child's age. Approximately 67% (n = 162) reported taking their child to receive care was not a problem.CONCLUSIONApproximately 48% of respondents traveled > 1 hr to receive cleft care. Increasing access to care may be important for improving health outcomes among this population Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:685–695, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.