bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis response to LPS-induced endotoxemia: expression pattern of kinin type B1 and B2 receptors
Authors: Qadri Fatimunnisa , Rimmele Florian , Mallis Lisa , Häuser Walter , Dendorfer Andreas , Jöhren Olaf , Dominiak Peter , Leeb-Lundberg L.M. Fredrik , Bader Michael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBradykinin (BK) and des-Arg9-BK are pro-inflammatory mediators acting via B2 (B2R) and B1 (B1R) receptors, respectively. We investigated the role of B2R and B1R in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation in SD rats. LPS given intraperitoneally (ip) up-regulated B1R mRNA in the hypothalamus, both B1R and B2R were up-regulated in pituitary and adrenal glands. Receptor localization was performed using immunofluorescence staining. B1R was localized in the endothelial cells, nucleus supraopticus (SON), adenohypophysis and adrenal cortex. B2R was localized nucleus paraventricularis (PVN) and SON, pituitary and adrenal medulla. Blockade of B1R prior to LPS further increased ACTH release and blockade of B1R 1 h after LPS decreased its release. In addition, we evaluated if blockade of central kinin receptors influence the LPS-induced stimulation of hypothalamic neurons. Blockade of both B1R and B2R reduced the LPS-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus. Our data demonstrate that a single injection of LPS induced a differential expression pattern of kinin B1R and B2R in the HPA axis. The tissue specific cellular localization of these receptors indicates that they may play a crucial role in the maintenance of body homeostasis during endotoxemia.
DM Water Plant Sedimentation as a Cheap and Waste Source of Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Moradi Gholamreza , Mohadesi Majid , Hosseini Shokoufe , Davoodbeygi Yegane , Moradi Ramin 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Transesterification reaction was performed in the presence of soybean oil, methanol, and Demineralized water plant sedimentation catalyst at 60°C for 8 h in this study. Central composite design method was used to study the effect of catalyst concentration and methanol to oil molar ratio on purity and yield of produced biodiesel. The results showed catalyst concentration of 9.08 wt% and methanol to oil molar ratio of 22.49 as the optimum condition in which the values of purity and yield of the produced biodiesel in the second-order models were 99.89% and 81.83%, respectively. Experiments are in good agreement with the mentioned values as corresponded values are 99.95% and 86.68%, respectively. The catalyst was reused five times and XRF analyses showed a reduction in content of available CaO in catalyst after further usages, because of CaO extraction by methanol. Also for kinetics investigation, effects of temperature and time of the reaction on the produced biodiesel conversion at optimal condition were investigated. Rate constant at different temperatures and then activation energy were determined. Results showed high accuracy of first order kinetic model. Mean relative error of experimental data for the presented model was 2.42%.
Simultaneous Sodium and Calcium Imaging from Dendrites and Axons
Authors: Miyazaki Kenichi , Ross William N. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDynamic calcium imaging is a major technique of neuroscientists. It can reveal information about the location of various calcium channels and calcium permeable receptors, the time course, magnitude, and location of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) changes, and indirectly, the occurrence of action potentials. Dynamic sodium imaging, a less exploited technique, can reveal analogous information related to sodium signaling. In some cases, like the examination of AMPA and NMDA receptor signaling, measurements of both [Ca2+]iand [Na+]ichanges in the same preparation may provide more information than separate measurements. To this end, we developed a technique to simultaneously measure both signals at high speed and sufficient sensitivity to detect localized physiologic events. This approach has advantages over sequential imaging because the preparation may not respond identically in different trials. We designed custom dichroic and emission filters to allow the separate detection of the fluorescence of sodium and calcium indicators loaded together into a single neuron in a brain slice from the hippocampus of Sprague-Dawley rats. We then used high-intensity light emitting diodes (LEDs) to alternately excite the two indicators at the appropriate wavelengths. These pulses were synchronized with the frames of a CCD camera running at 500 Hz. Software then separated the data streams to provide independent sodium and calcium signals. With this system we could detect [Ca2+]iand [Na+]ichanges from single action potentials in axons and synaptically evoked signals in dendrites, both with submicron resolution and a good signal-to-noise ratio (S/N).
LEGAL ASPECT OF ‘GOLD FARMING’ ISLAMIC BANKING PRODUCT
Authors: Siregar Ibrahim 
Published: October 2015

Legal Aspects of ‘Gold Farming’ Islamic Banking Product. Islamic banking can progress quickly through market-based product innovation. This product innovation must be in accordance with the rules laid down in Islamic law. The concept of contract in Islam should pay attention to three aspects, namely: the substance of contract law, the law that is related to the substance of the contract, and contract clarity. A contract becomes invalid if ta’alluq(dependence between two or more contracts) and shafqatayn fî al-shafqah(uncertainty arising from multiple contracts) occurs. This article explains that the ‘gold farming’ products offered by Islamic bank violate of the principles of contract in Islam. This product should be the modified further to accord with the rules of Islamic contract.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1275
PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI SYARIAH DI MASYARAKAT BANJAR KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Hasan Ahmadi 
Published: October 2015

Economic Development Prospects of Sharia in the Banjar Society in South Kalimantan. Currently Islamic economics, with a wide range of variants, is developing widely and dynamically. The development of Islamic finance has been extended to almost all parts of Indonesia, both in urban and rural areas. The Banjar tribe are a sub-ethnic group that inhabit the South Kalimantan area originating from the Malay coast. Islam is the foundation of culture and identity of the community of the Banjar. The presence of the Islamic economic concept in Banjar society is no longer unusual because Islamic values associated with it have become common place. The development of Islamic economics in Banjar society will continue to flourish if supported by government policy (top-down approach).DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1281
RIDDAHDAN KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA DALAM ALQURAN
Authors: Rodin Dede 
Published: October 2015

Apostasy and Religious Freedom in the Alquran. The concept of apostasy should be understood in the context of religious freedom which is a basic principle of every person under Islam. Thus, the apostate merely moves religions without participating in provocative acts against Islam and Muslims, and not having imposed sanctions in this world but in the hereafter as affirmed within the verses in the Alquran. Now, it so happens that sanctions of murder mentioned by the prophet -if hadis is viewed validly- apply to the apostate who participated in provocation and hostility contrary to the administration of Islam and Muslims. This penalty is also just able to be enforced at a new practical level, if the legal provisions have become positive law which has been made into legislation or regulation by a country, so that the law is binding and applies to all the citizens.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1284
PEMBELAJARANUSHUL FIKIH BERBASIS MASALAH
Authors: Sapiudin Sapiudin 
Published: October 2015

Learning Ushûl al-Fiqh Based on Problems. The goal of learning ushûl al-fiqhin order to apply the rules concerning useful arguments to obtain laws will appear successful if the model that is used triggers the student to think constructively and contextually by using participative learning principles in analyizing ushûl al-fiqhrules. The focus of problem that needs to be answered in this research is to see conceptually the effectiveness of learning ushûl al-fiqhbased on problems in reaching the applicable ushûl al-fiqhlearning goals. Based on conceptual-qualitative analysis results, I argue that model of problem-based learning with its various limitations can be used as an innovative model in learning ushûl al-fiqh.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1288
El transporte motorizado como presión al bienestar en ciudades en expansión
Authors: Moreno Ceja Faustino , Zumaya Leal María del Rocío , Curiel Ballesteros Arturo 
Published: October 2015

<p><strong>Objetivo</strong> Analizar las patologías generadas por el transporte motorizado en el contexto de la expansión urbana.</p><p><strong>Metodología</strong> Investigación documental que consideró artículos científicos especializados en primer orden, seguido por consulta de libros y bases de datos y en tercer lugar, notas en los periódicos locales. Además de una reflexión sistemática con el juicio de expertos en salud ambiental y estudios de riesgo.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong> Se muestran 20 enfermedades, físicas y mentales, asociadas al transporte motorizado en un contexto de expansión urbana. Se encontró que no sólo los choferes son vulnerables ante los riesgos del transporte. Los niños y mujeres embarazadas son también grupos con alta vulnerabilidad.</p><p><strong>Discusión</strong> Si consideramos los efectos crónicos y agudos de la expansión urbana y de algunas determinantes sociales y ambientales asociadas a riesgos sanitarios, tecnológicos, climáticos y socio-organizativos de las ciudades, el transporte es el subsistema con mayor riesgo presente en las metrópolis, y la principal área de oportunidad para mejorar el bienestar. </p>
The pore solution of blended cements: a review
Authors: Vollpracht Anya , Lothenbach Barbara , Snellings Ruben , Haufe Johannes 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This paper is the work of working group 3 of the RILEM Technical Committee on Hydration and Microstructure of Concrete with SCM (TC 238-SCM). The pore solution is an essential but often overlooked part of hydrated cements. The composition of the cement pore solution reflects the ongoing hydration processes and determines which solid phases are stable and may precipitate, and which phases are unstable and may dissolve. The study of the cement pore solution therefore contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms as well as of the kinetics of cement hydration. This paper reviews the impact of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on the pore solution composition of blended cements. In a first part, the extraction and analysis methods of cement pore solutions are reviewed, leading to a set of practical guidelines and recommendations. In a second part, an extensive literature survey is used to document the effect of the addition of SCMs (blast furnace slag, fly ash and silica fume) on the pore solution. Finally, in a third part the collected literature data are compared to thermodynamic simulations. The performance and current limitations of thermodynamic modelling of blended cement hydration are demonstrated and discussed in view of future progress.
The Effect of Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft Placement on Esthetic Outcomes After Immediate Implant Placement: Systematic Review
Authors: Lee Chun‐Teh , Tao Chih‐Yun , Stoupel Janet 
Published: October 2015

Background: Immediate implantation, despite many advantages, carries a risk of gingival recession, papilla loss, collapse of ridge contour, and other esthetic complications. Soft tissue graft placement combined with immediate implantation may be used to reduce these concerns. This review aims to systematically analyze clinical esthetic outcomes of the immediate implant combined with soft tissue graft (IMITG).Methods: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) guidelines for systematic reviews were used. The electronic search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from January 1980 to October 2014. Quality assessments of selected articles were performed. Mid‐buccal gingival level, interproximal gingival level, facial gingival thickness, gingival ridge dimension, and width of keratinized gingiva were the esthetic outcomes reviewed. Weighted mean difference of mid‐buccal gingival level (WDBGL), papilla index score (WDPIS), and width of keratinized gingiva (WDKG) between initial and last measurements were calculated. Other esthetic outcomes were assessed by the descriptive analysis.Results: Ten studies with a minimum of 6‐month follow‐up were included, and reported esthetic outcomes were analyzed. Mid‐buccal gingival level (WDBGL, 0.07 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.44 to 0.59; P = 0.12) and interproximal gingival level did not significantly change after IMITG (WDPIS in the mesial site, 0.31; 95% CI = −0.01 to 0.64; P = 0.06; and WDPIS in the distal site, 0.29; 95% CI = −0.06 to 0.65; P = 0.11). Width of keratinized gingiva significantly increased after IMITG (WDKG, 1.27 mm; 95% CI = −0.08 to 2.46; P = 0.04). Facial gingival thickness and gingival ridge dimension could be increased after IMITG.Conclusions: Because of the heterogeneity and limited number of selected studies, no conclusive statement could be made regarding the benefit of IMITG on esthetic outcomes. More randomized controlled trials are needed to provide definite clinical evidence.
Long‐Term Results Comparing Xenogeneic Collagen Matrix and Autogenous Connective Tissue Grafts With Coronally Advanced Flaps for Treatment of Dehiscence‐Type Recession Defects
Authors: McGuire Michael K. , Scheyer E. Todd 
Published: October 2015

Background: Although connective tissue grafts with coronally advanced flaps (CTG + CAF) have been deemed the gold standard for recession defect treatment, to provide adequate recession coverage, the periodontal profession continues to pursue lower‐morbidity, patient‐preferred substitutes that are more convenient and of unlimited supply.Methods: Using a randomized, controlled, and masked contralateral comparison of matched‐pair, within‐patient recession defects, collagen matrix (CMX) + CAF therapy was compared with CTG + CAF at 6 months and 5 years. The primary efficacy endpoint was percentage of root coverage (RC). Secondary efficacy parameters included width of keratinized tissue (KTw), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), clinician rating of color and texture compared with surrounding tissues, and patient esthetic satisfaction.Results: Seventeen patients were available for the 5‐year recall. Mean RC between 6 months and 5 years changed from 89.5% to 77.6% for CMX + CAF test sites and 97.5% to 95.5% for CTG + CAF control sites. KTw averaged >3 mm for both test and control sites at 5 years. PD was equivalent at all time points. The 6‐month to 5‐year changes for RC, KTw, and PD were not significantly different between therapies. CAL change from 6 months to 5 years was greater for CTG + CAF (0.26 mm) than CMX + CAF (−0.21 mm). Tissue color match to surrounding tissues remained similar for both therapies throughout the study. There was a difference in tissue texture at both 6 months and 5 years, with CMX + CAF sites tending to be “equally firm” and CTG + CAF sites “more firm.” Patient satisfaction was high, with no statistical difference in satisfaction between therapies at any time point.Conclusion: When balanced with patient‐reported satisfaction, clinical rankings of esthetics, and control and historical RC results reported by other investigators, CMX + CAF appears to present a viable and long‐term alternative to traditional CTG + CAF therapy.
Homonegative Attitudes and Risk Behaviors for HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Sexually Active Men in the United States
Authors: Jeffries William L. , Johnson Oshea D. 
Published: October 2015

Objectives. We examined associations between homonegative attitudes and HIV and other sexually transmitted infection (HIV/STI) risk behaviors among sexually active US men. Methods. We used the 2006–2010 National Survey of Family Growth (n = 10 403) and multivariable logistic regression models to examine homonegative attitudes in relation to condom use, number of past-year sex partners, HIV/STI testing, and STI diagnoses. Results. Among men who had sex with men, homonegative attitudes were associated with lower odds of condom use during anal sex with women (before the past year) and past-year STI testing. Among men who had sex with men and women, homonegative attitudes were associated with lower odds of condom use during vaginal sex and sex with men, having 4 or more partners, and HIV testing ever. Among men who had sex with women, homonegative attitudes were associated with lower odds of condom use during vaginal sex and sex with men (before the past year), HIV testing ever, and contracting herpes, human papillomavirus, or syphilis. Conclusions. Homonegative attitudes may promote HIV/STI acquisition and transmission among sexually active men of all sexual orientations. Interventions should address homonegative attitudes in the United States.
Early Childhood Caries, Mouth Pain, and Nutritional Threats in Vietnam
Authors: Khanh Linh Ngo , Ivey Susan L. , Sokal-Gutierrez Karen , Barkan Howard , Ngo Kimberly M. , Hoang Hung T. , Vuong Ivy , Thai Nam 
Published: October 2015

Objectives. We investigated the relationships among early childhood caries (ECC), mouth pain, and nutritional status in children aged 1 to 6 years in Southern and Central Vietnam.Methods. A total of 593 parent–child pairs were recruited from 5 kindergartens or preschools in Ho-Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Parents completed surveys about dietary habits, oral health practices, and children’s mouth pain experience; children received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations.Results. There was a high prevalence of dental caries (74.4%), mostly untreated, and mouth pain (47.1%). Moderate correlations were found between parents’ and children’s consumption of soda (ρ = 0.361; P < .001) and salty snacks (ρ = 0.292; P < .001). Severity of ECC was associated with decreased weight- and body mass index-for-age z-scores. Presence of pulp-involved caries was associated with strikingly lower height-for-age (mean difference = 0.66; P = .001), weight-for-age (mean difference = 1.17; P < .001), and body mass index-for-age (mean difference = 1.18; P < .001) z-scores. Mouth pain was associated with lower body mass index-for-age z-scores (mean difference = 0.29; P = .013).Conclusions. ECC might negatively affect children’s nutritional status, which might be mediated by the depth of decay, chronic inflammation, and mouth pain. Family-based and prevention-oriented nutrition and oral health programs are needed and should start during pregnancy and infancy.
Sexual Violence in America: Public Funding and Social Priority
Authors: Waechter Randall , Ma Van 
Published: October 2015

We compared lifetime risk, annual incidence, and annual economic burden of sexual violence with other major public health issues in the United States: cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS. With public funding data from 2013, we examined how much public funding is allocated to these public health issues as a proxy of the social priority of addressing each of them. Although sexual violence is as prevalent as and more costly than are these other major public health issues, it receives a fraction of the public funds that they receive.
Associations of Neighborhood and School Socioeconomic and Social Contexts With Body Mass Index Among Urban Preadolescent Students
Authors: Carroll-Scott Amy , Gilstad-Hayden Kathryn , Rosenthal Lisa , Eldahan Adam , McCaslin Catherine , Peters Susan M. , Ickovics Jeannette R. 
Published: October 2015

Objectives. We examined independent and synergistic effects of school and neighborhood environments on preadolescent body mass index (BMI) to determine why obesity rates nearly double during preadolescence. Methods. Physical measures and health surveys from fifth and sixth graders in 12 randomly selected schools in New Haven, Connecticut, in 2009 were matched to student sociodemographics and school- and residential census tract–level data, for a total of 811 urban preadolescents. Key independent variables included school connectedness, neighborhood social ties, and school and neighborhood socioeconomic status. We estimated cross-classified random-effects hierarchical linear models to examine associations between key school and neighborhood characteristics with student BMI. Results. Greater average connectedness felt by students to their school was significantly associated with lower BMI. This association was stronger among students living in neighborhoods with higher concentrations of affluent neighbors. Conclusions. How schools engage and support students may affect obesity rates preferentially in higher-income neighborhoods. Further research should explore the associations between multiple environments to which children are exposed and obesity-related behaviors and outcomes. This understanding of the multiple social–spatial contexts that children occupy has potential to inform comprehensive and sustainable child obesity prevention efforts.
Limb Deformity Caused by Distal Femoral and Proximal Tibial Growth Arrest After ACL Reconstruction in a Child
Authors: Tomatsuri Masaki , Yoshiya Shinichi , Kuroda Ryosuke , Matsushita Takehiko , Kurosaka Masahiro 
Published: October 2015

Case:
We report the case of a twelve-year-old boy with limb deformity caused by physeal closure after transphyseal intra-articular reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament of the left knee at the age of seven years. We treated premature closure of the physis with a Langenskiöld procedure. Lengthening and correction of the deformity were accomplished with use of the Ilizarov method. Although gross instability remained, reasonable limb alignment was attained with prolonged treatment.

Conclusion:
We document growth arrest and severe limb deformity after transepiphyseal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with an artificial polyester ligament and successful surgical correction.
Sternoclavicular Joint Infection Treated with Debridement, Vancomycin-Loaded Calcium Sulfate, and Partial Pectoralis Muscle Flap
Authors: Huang Kai , Zhang Chun 
Published: October 2015

Case:
We report the case of a forty-six-year-old man with a left sternoclavicular joint infection that was treated effectively with surgical debridement, the implantation of vancomycin-loaded calcium sulfate, a partial pectoralis major muscle flap, and two weeks of intravenous antibiotics.

Conclusion:
Sternoclavicular joint infection is a rare problem that has received little attention in the orthopaedic literature. The combined surgical procedure detailed here provided good soft-tissue coverage, avoided the potential toxic effect of prolonged systemic antibiotic therapy, and resulted in a good clinical outcome.
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Osteomyelitis of the Thumb: Successful Treatment with Serial Debridement, Antimicrobial Therapy, External Fixation, and Interphalangeal Arthrodesis
Authors: Ehrlichman Lauren K. , Kadzielski John J. , Hyle Emily P. , Jupiter Jesse B. 
Published: October 2015

Case:
We present the case of a fifty-seven-year-old woman treated for persistent inflammation of her thumb initially thought to be due to tuberculous osteomyelitis but which ultimately proved to be due to infection caused by a novel nontuberculous mycobacterial species. The establishment of this diagnosis and her treatment are described.

Conclusion:
Indolent hand infections caused by atypical mycobacterial species may occur even in immunocompetent hosts, and their diagnosis remains challenging and often elusive. Surgeons should have a low threshold of suspicion for nontuberculous mycobacteria in cases refractory to treatment by standard protocols. The miniature external fixator provides stability and allows for soft-tissue healing in the setting of hand infections.