bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of periventricular nodular heterotopia with posterior fossa cyst: a prenatal case series
Authors: Teixeira Sara R. , Blondiaux Eléonore , Cassart Marie , Couture Alain , Moutard Marie‐Laure , Whalen Sandra , Gelot Antoinette , Ducou le Pointe Hubert , Garel Catherine ,   GRRIF (Groupe de Recherche Radiopédiatrique en Imagerie Fœtale)‐SFIPP (Société Francophone d'Imagerie Pédiatrique et Prénatale)
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe association of periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH) with posterior fossa cyst (PFC) is documented after birth. We report this association in a series of fetuses.MethodsEleven cases (7 females) of PVNH and PFC diagnosed at prenatal imaging were collected in this retrospective multicenter study. The patients were referred to tertiary centers for targeted ultrasonography (US) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) following detection of PFC on routine US. Mutations of the filamin A gene (FLNA) were searched for (n = 6). Maternal brain MRI was performed (n = 8). Post‐mortem or postnatal data were recorded.ResultsTargeted US was performed at a mean gestational age of 29 (range; 23–35) weeks and identified PVNH in 4 cases. At MRI, performed at a mean gestational age of 31 (range; 29–35) weeks, PVNH and PFC were visible in all cases. Those findings were confirmed by postnatal MRI (n = 3), autopsy (n = 7) and/or post‐mortem MRI (n = 2) or US (n = 1). Maternal brain MRI showed PVNH in one case. A de novo FLNA mutation was found in four cases.ConclusionWe describe a series of PVNH and PFC in fetuses, which underlines the importance of searching for PVNH when PFC is identified at prenatal US. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of decentralised and centralised grid‐compatible battery storage systems in distribution grids with high PV penetration
Authors: Zeh Alexander , Rau Marina , Witzmann Rolf 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBecause of the high amount of installed solar power systems in Europe and especially Germany, the low‐voltage distribution grids reach their maximum capacities during periods of high insolation. As an alternative to grid reinforcement, local battery storage systems can be used to store the surplus generation and limit the feed‐in power of the solar power systems. For this purpose, decentralised photovoltaic (PV) home storages in single households and larger stationary battery systems supplying a whole local grid area can be called into action. In this paper, a grid‐compatible storage operational strategy is simulated using standard load profiles and statistically generated realistic load profiles for use with both storage types. The goal of this research is to investigate a grid‐compatible and also economic storage operation when using centralized large‐scale batteries instead of PV home storage systems in a low‐voltage distribution grid with a high degree of decentralised PV generation. Results show that large‐scale systems provide advantages regarding grid‐related operation and economic feasibility and therefore represent a useful alternative to home storage systems. Additionally, it can be shown that depending on which storage type is simulated, different requirements are imposed. The simulation of decentralised home storages needs real load profiles in order to receive realistic results, while the operation of large‐scale battery storages can be simulated using standard load profiles. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can Focused Trauma Education Initiatives Reduce Mortality or Improve Resource Utilization in a Low‐Resource Setting?
Authors: Petroze Robin T. , Byiringiro Jean Claude , Ntakiyiruta Georges , Briggs Susan M. , Deckelbaum Dan L. , Razek Tarek , Riviello Robert , Kyamanywa Patrick , Reid Jennifer , Sawyer Robert G. , Calland J. Forrest 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundOver 90 % of injury deaths occur in low‐income countries. Evaluating the impact of focused trauma courses in these settings is challenging. We hypothesized that implementation of a focused trauma education initiative in a low‐income country would result in measurable differences in injury‐related outcomes and resource utilization.MethodsTwo 3‐day trauma education courses were conducted in the Rwandan capital over a one‐month period (October–November, 2011). An ATLS provider demonstration course was delivered to 24 faculty surgeons and 15 Rwandan trauma nurse auditors, and a Canadian Network for International Surgery Trauma Team Training (TTT) course was delivered to 25 faculty, residents, and nurses. Trauma registry data over the 6 months prior to the courses were compared to the 6 months afterward with emergency department (ED) mortality as the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints included radiology utilization and early procedural interventions. Univariate analyses were conducted using χ2 and Fisher’s exact test.ResultsA total of 798 and 575 patients were prospectively studied during the pre‐intervention and post‐intervention periods, respectively. Overall mortality of injured patients decreased after education implementation from 8.8 to 6.3 %, but was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). Patients with an initial Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 3–8 had the highest injury‐related mortality, which significantly decreased from 58.5 % (n = 55) to 37.1 % (n = 23), (p = 0.009, OR 0.42, 95 % CI 0.22–0.81). There was no statistical difference in the rates of early intubation, cervical collar use, imaging studies, or transfusion in the overall cohort or the head injury subset. When further stratified by GCS, patients with an initial GCS of 3–5 in the post‐intervention period had higher utilization of head CT scans and chest X‐rays.ConclusionsThe mortality of severely injured patients decreased after initiation of focused trauma education courses, but no significant increase in resource utilization was observed. The explanation may be complex and multi‐factorial. Long‐term multidisciplinary efforts that pair training with changes in resources and mentorship may be needed to produce broad and lasting changes in the overall care system.
Effects of magnetic fields on Fe-Si composite electrodeposition
Authors: Long Qiong , Zhong Yun-bo , Wang Huai , Zheng Tian-xiang , Zhou Jun-feng , Ren Zhong-ming 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Coatings containing Fe-Si particles were electrodeposited on 3.0wt% Si steel sheets under magnetic fields. The effects of magnetic flux density (MFD), electrode arrangement and current density on the surface morphology, the silicon content in the coatings and the cathode current efficiency were investigated. When a magnetic field was applied parallel to the current and when the MFD was less than 0.5 T, numerous needle-like structures appeared on the coating surface. With increasing MFD, the needle-like structures weakened and were transformed into dome-shaped structures. Meanwhile, compared to results obtained in the absence of a magnetic field, the silicon content in the coatings significantly increased as the MFD was increased for all of the samples obtained using a vertical electrode system. However, in the case of an aclinic electrode system, the silicon content decreased. Furthermore, the cathode current efficiency was considerably diminished when a magnetic field was applied. A possible mechanism for these phenomena was discussed.
New evidence of heterogeneity in social anxiety disorder: Defining two qualitatively different personality profiles taking into account clinical, environmental and genetic factors
Authors: Binelli C. , Muñiz A. , Sanches S. , Ortiz A. , Navines R. , Egmond E. , Udina M. , Batalla A. , López-Sola C. , Crippa J.A. , Subirà S. , Martín-Santos R. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPurpose:To study qualitatively different subgroups of social anxiety disorder (SAD) based on harm avoidance (HA) and novelty seeking (NS) dimensions.Method:One hundred and forty-two university students with SAD (SCID-DSM-IV) were included in the study. The temperament dimensions HA and NS from the Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory were subjected to cluster analysis to identify meaningful subgroups. The identified subgroups were compared for sociodemographics, SAD severity, substance use, history of suicide and self-harm attempts, early life events, and two serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR and STin2.VNTR).Results:Two subgroups of SAD were identified by cluster analysis: a larger (61% of the sample) inhibited subgroup of subjects with “high-HA/low-NS”, and a smaller (39%) atypical impulsive subgroup with high–moderate HA and NS. The two groups did not differ in social anxiety severity, but did differ in history of lifetime impulsive-related-problems. History of suicide attempts and self-harm were as twice as frequent in the impulsive subgroup. Significant differences were observed in the pattern of substance misuse. Whereas subjects in the inhibited subgroup showed a greater use of alcohol (P = 0.002), subjects in the impulsive subgroup showed a greater use of substances with a high-sensation-seeking profile (P < 0.001). The STin2.VNTR genotype frequency showed an inverse distribution between subgroups (P = 0.005).ConclusionsOur study provides further evidence for the presence of qualitatively different SAD subgroups and the propensity of a subset of people with SAD to exhibit impulsive, high-risk behaviors.
HEEGAARD FLOER HOMOLOGY AND RATIONAL CUSPIDAL CURVES
Authors: BORODZIK MACIEJ , LIVINGSTON CHARLES 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We apply the methods of Heegaard Floer homology to identify topological properties of
complex curves in

$\mathbb{C}P^{2}$

. As one application, we resolve an open
conjecture that constrains the Alexander polynomial of the link of the singular point
of the curve in the case that there is exactly one singular point, having connected
link, and the curve is of genus zero. Generalizations apply in the case of multiple
singular points.
A semi-autonomous motorized mobile hospital bed for safe transportation of head injury patients in dynamic hospital environments without bed switching
Authors: Wang Chao , Matveev Alexey S. , Savkin Andrey V. , Clout Ray , Nguyen Hung T. 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYWe present a novel motorized semi-autonomous mobile hospital bed guided by a human operator and a reactive navigation algorithm. The proposed reactive navigation algorithm is launched when the sensory device detects that the hospital bed is in the potential danger of collision. The semi-autonomous hospital bed is able to safely and quickly deliver critical neurosurgery (head trauma) patients to target locations in dynamic uncertain hospital environments such as crowded hospital corridors while avoiding en-route steady and moving obstacles. We do not restrict the nature or the motion of the obstacles, meaning that the shapes of the obstacles may be time-varying or deforming and they may undergo arbitrary motions. The only information available to the navigation system is the current distance to the nearest obstacle. Performance of the proposed navigation algorithm is verified via theoretical studies. Simulation and experimental results also confirm the performance of the reactive navigation algorithm in real world scenarios.
Tree roots can penetrate deeply in African semi-deciduous rain forests: evidence from two common soil types
Authors: Freycon Vincent , Wonkam Christelle , Fayolle Adeline , Laclau Jean-Paul , Lucot Eric , Jourdan Christophe , Cornu Guillaume , Gourlet-Fleury Sylvie 
Published: December 2014

Abstract:Despite the important functional role of deep roots in withdrawing water during drought, direct measurements of root distribution are very rare in tropical rain forests. The aim of this study was to investigate the root distribution of Entandrophragma cylindricum, a common tree species in the Central African semi-deciduous rain forest, in Ferralsols and Arenosols. We dug two pits to a depth of 6 m in Ferralsols and two pits to a depth of 3 m in Arenosols, close to E. cylindricum trees. The vertical soil profiles were divided into 10 × 10-cm grid cells and the roots counted were distributed in three diameter classes. We fitted a root distribution model to our dataset. We found that vertical root distribution was shallower in Arenosols than in Ferralsols. Root penetration was not stopped even by a Ferralsol with high gravel content in its subsoil. Overall, our measurements showed that 95% of all roots were distributed to depths of between 258 and 564 cm from the soil surface, which is much deeper than the 95 cm depth previously reported in the literature for tropical rain forests. As sampling depth could explain this discrepancy, we recommend a sampling depth of at least 3–5 m to accurately estimate root distribution. The drier the dry season, the deeper the sampling depth should be. Our results are consistent with global models of root distribution in forest ecosystems, which are driven by climate variables. We thus suggest that deep rooting could be common in rain forests with a marked dry season.
Rural sites in Roman Greece
Authors: Stewart Daniel 
Published: December 2014

[W]hile pretending to throw some light upon classical authors by careful observation of the manners of the present day, romantic travellers succeeded in fact in accommodating reality to their dreams … by creating for themselves and for their readers carefully edited portraits of modern Greece that transformed the present into the living image of the past (Saïd 2005: 291).Thirty years ago archaeological field survey promised to reshape radically our understanding of the countryside (Keller and Rupp 1983: 1–5). Traditional archaeological approaches to cities and monuments were increasingly seen to be extensions of textual research, and research on the rural landscape was envisaged as a way to access the other side of the traditional urban-rural dichotomy (though see the comments in Alcock 2007: 671–72). Some scholars estimated that, in the Classical period, the vast majority of Greek poleis had populations of less than 3,000 and territories no more than a few hours” walk from the urban core. Given that, they asked, does it make sense to divide elements of Greek life into “city” and “country”? In a sense, the study of landscapes was seen as a way to redress perceived imbalances between this urban-rural division and the picture painted by the ancient sources of Roman Greece as a pale reflection of its Classical brilliance. In the years since, landscape studies have grown to include much more than archaeological field survey, but this tension between textual and archaeological narratives remains at the heart of understandings of rural Roman Greece.
Emergency Medical Services Provider Comfort with Prehospital Analgesia Administration to Children
Authors: Rahman Amaly , Curtis Sarah , DeBruyne Beth , Sookram Sunil , Thomson Denise , Lutz Shari , Ali Samina 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIntroductionThe undertreatment of pediatric pain is a significant concern among families, clinicians, and researchers. Although some have examined prehospital pain management, the deterrents to pediatric analgesia administration by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) have not yet been examined in Canada.ProblemThis study describes EMS pain-management practices and prehospital provider comfort treating pediatric pain. It highlights differences in pain management between adults and children and assesses the potential barriers, misconceptions, difficulties, and needs related to provision of pediatric analgesia.MethodsA study-specific survey tool was created and distributed to all Primary Care Paramedics (PCPs) and Advanced Care Paramedics (ACPs) over four mandatory educational seminars in the city of Edmonton (Alberta, Canada) from September through December 2008.ResultsNinety-four percent (191/202) of EMS personnel for the city of Edmonton completed the survey. The majority of respondents were male (73%, 139/191), aged 26-35 (42%, 80/191), and had been in practice less than 10 years (53%, 101/191). Seventy-four percent (141/191) of those surveyed were ACPs, while 26% (50/191) were PCPs. Although the majority of respondents reported using both pain scales and clinical judgement to assess pain for adults (85%, 162/191) and adolescents (86%, 165/191), children were six times more likely than adults (31%, 59/191 vs 5%, 10/191) to be assessed by clinical judgement alone. Emergency Medical Services personnel felt more comfortable treating adults than children (P< .001), and they were less likely to treat children even if they were experiencing identical types and intensities of pain as adults (allPvalues <.05) and adolescents (allPvalues < .05). Twenty-five percent of providers (37/147) assumed pediatric patients required less analgesia due to immature nervous systems. Three major barriers to treating children's pain included limited clinical experience (34%, 37/110), difficulty in communication (24%, 26/110) and inability to assess children's pain accurately (21%, 23/110).ConclusionEmergency Medical Services personnel self-report that children's pain is less rigorously measured and treated than adults’ pain. Educational initiatives aimed at increasing clinical exposure to children, as well as further education regarding simple pain measurement tools for use in the field, may help to address identified barriers and discomfort with assessing and treating children.RahmanA,CurtisS,DeBruyneB,SookramS,ThomsonD,LutzS,AliS.Emergency Medical Services provider comfort with prehospital analgesia administration to children.Prehosp Disaster Med.2015;30(1):1-6.
A new approach to cancer treatment
Authors: Akber Syed F. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA new approach is applied to correlate different phases of the HeLa cell S-3 with mean lethal ionising radiation dose (Do) along with nuclear magnetic resonance water-proton spin-lattice relaxation time (T1). This information can be used to pin-point the mitotic phase of the cells in vivo. This enables us to apply ionising radiation treatment at that particular time. This will increase the efficacy of radiation treatment in cancer patients.
The complexity and difficulty of diagnosing lung cancer: findings from a national primary-care study in Wales
Authors: Neal Richard D. , Robbé Iain J. , Lewis Malcolm , Williamson Ian , Hanson Jane 
Published: December 2014

AimThis paper aims to provide a detailed analysis of the diagnostic process of lung cancer from a primary-care perspective.BackgroundDiagnosing lung cancer at a stage where curative treatment is possible remains a challenge. Beginning to understand the complexity and difficulty in the diagnostic journey should enable the development of interventions in order to facilitate timelier diagnosis.MethodsA national study of significant events was conducted whereby general practitioners (GPs) in Wales were asked to report data relating to the diagnostic process of recent lung cancer diagnoses using a standard template. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analysed.FindingsCase reports were received from 96 general practices on 118 patients. A total of 96 patients (81.4%) presented with respiratory symptoms. A total of 79 patients (66.9%) had a GP-initiated X-ray before diagnosis. A total of 23 patients (19.5%) had a chest X-ray that did not initially show suspicion of lung cancer. A total of 25 patients (21.2%) were diagnosed after a GP-initiated acute admission. Analysis of free-text qualitative data showed that, for many patients, their GP behaved in an exemplary manner. However, for some patients, the GP could have made more of the opportunities presented for timelier diagnosis. There were a number of atypical and complex presentations, where the opportunities for more timely diagnosis were more limited. A variety of causes of diagnostic delays in secondary care were reported. These findings will inform health policy, and will inform the design of interventions to try to facilitate more timely diagnosis for symptomatic patients. We encourage greater compliance with diagnostic guidelines and greater vigilance for patients presenting with atypical symptoms, as well as for patients whose initial chest X-rays are normal.
Multi-modal ultra-high resolution structural 7-Tesla MRI data repository
Authors: Forstmann Birte U , Keuken Max C , Schafer Andreas , Bazin Pierre-Louis , Alkemade Anneke , Turner Robert 
Published: December 2014

AbstractStructural brain data is key for the understanding of brain function and networks, i.e., connectomics. Here we present data sets available from the ‘atlasing of the basal ganglia (ATAG)’ project, which provides ultra-high resolution 7 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from young, middle-aged, and elderly participants. The ATAG data set includes whole-brain and reduced field-of-view MP2RAGE and T2*-weighted scans of the subcortex and brainstem with ultra-high resolution at a sub-millimeter scale. The data can be used to develop new algorithms that help building high-resolution atlases both relevant for the basic and clinical neurosciences. Importantly, the present data repository may also be used to inform the exact positioning of electrodes used for deep-brain-stimulation in patients with Parkinson’s disease and neuropsychiatric diseases.
A Tool Set to Map Allosteric Networks through the NMR Chemical Shift Covariance Analysis
Authors: Boulton Stephen , Akimoto Madoka , Selvaratnam Rajeevan , Bashiri Amir , Melacini Giuseppe 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAllostery is an essential regulatory mechanism of biological function. Allosteric sites are also pharmacologically relevant as they are often targeted with higher selectivity than orthosteric sites. However, a comprehensive map of allosteric sites poses experimental challenges because allostery is driven not only by structural changes, but also by modulations in dynamics that typically remain elusive to classical structure determination methods. An avenue to overcome these challenges is provided by the NMR chemical shift covariance analysis (CHESCA), as chemical shifts are exquisitely sensitive to redistributions in dynamic conformational ensembles. Here, we propose a set of complementary CHESCA algorithms designed to reliably detect allosteric networks with minimal occurrences of false positives or negatives. The proposed CHESCA toolset was tested for two allosteric proteins (PKA and EPAC) and is expected to complement traditional comparative structural analyses in the comprehensive identification of functionally relevant allosteric sites, including those in otherwise elusive partially unstructured regions.
An equivalent realization of coherent perfect absorption under single beam illumination
Authors: Li Sucheng , Luo Jie , Anwar Shahzad , Li Shuo , Lu Weixin , Hang Zhi Hong , Lai Yun , Hou Bo , Shen Mingrong , Wang Chinhua 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe have experimentally and numerically demonstrated that the coherent perfect absorption (CPA) can equivalently be accomplished under single beam illumination. Instead of using the counter-propagating coherent dual beams, we introduce a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) surface as a mirror boundary to the CPA configuration. Such a PMC surface can practically be embodied, utilizing high impedance surfaces, i.e., mushroom structures. By covering them with an ultrathin conductive film of sheet resistance 377 Ω, the perfect (100%) microwave absorption is achieved when the film is illuminated by a single beam from one side. Employing the PMC boundary reduces the coherence requirement in the original CPA setup, though the present implementation is limited to the single frequency or narrow band operation. Our work proposes an equivalent way to realize the CPA under the single beam illumination and might have applications in engineering absorbent materials.