bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome in a 12‐year‐old child requiring therapeutic phlebotomy: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Branstiter G. Wesley , Lempert Nathaniel L , Sotomayor Talia , Crombet Ofelia , Murray Pamela J , Patra Kamakshya P 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe childhood obesity epidemic involves unusual and underrecognized complications associated with this clinical and public health problem. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is defined as the triad of obesity, daytime hypoventilation, and sleep‐disordered breathing in the absence of an alternative neuromuscular, mechanical or metabolic explanation for hypoventilation. We herewith report a 12‐year‐old boy who was diagnosed with OHS. The patient improved with phlebotomy and bi‐level positive airway pressure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of secondary polycythemia due to OHS requiring therapeutic phlebotomy.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Solar Heat Pump Assisted Heating Systems
Authors: Siyahhan Türkgenç Zozan , Çebi Alican , Celen Ali , Dalkılıç Ahmet Selim , Wongwises Somchai 
Published: December 2014

In this study, a system has been developed which can be used for heating buildings by utilizing solar energy, which is free and abundant in our country, with the aim of minimizing fossil based fuel consumption especially at wintertime and this system’s efficiency has been analyzed mathematically with numerical methods.
First of all, in this study the performance of a solar heat pump system is examined. The city of Antalya is chosen for this study which is in the southern region of Turkey with an abundant source of solar energy. The usability of solar energy throughout the year is examined and its application areas in building heating with the utilization of heat pumps are determined. In addition an auxiliary system with an alternative energy source is considered in case solar energy is insufficient by itself.
In order to determine all of the above, energy analysis of the system is performed. The advantages of the solar heat pump heating system are studied considering the amount of energy saved and the efficiency of the system. Thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analysis has been carried out in order to determine how effectively the solar energy is utilized by the system and the advantages of solar heat pump.
Research on the Performance of Shaftless Water-Jet Propulsion
Authors: Cao Puyu , Wang Yang , Li Guidong , Qian K. X. 
Published: December 2014

This paper presents the results of an investigation on the feasibility and superiority of the shaftless water-jet propulsion. Resulting from the elimination of the upstream driving shaft, the shaftless model is a rim driven propulsion where shaftless water-jet pump and intake duct are the major parts. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology was used to calculate the performance and visualise the flow of the shaftless water-jet installation, and the numerical model was validated with available experimental data.
As the result of reducing the velocity circulation at the inlet of the rotor, there was nearly 2% increment in the performance prediction of the shaftless water-jet pump than the traditional. Based on the theoretical formula, it infers that the increasing flow rate and head of the shaftless pump would deliver more thrust to the vessel on the design condition (vs=30knot), and the variation of jet velocity ratio would contribute to extending of propulsion efficiency.
Flow field analysis has proved that the removal shaft could minimise the velocity non-uniformity and eliminate the flow separation around the shaft, so there would be less energy losses in the intake duct. With the improvement of intake duct, it also reduces the backflow and blocking at the shroud. Furthermore it produces a more uniform inflow for the rotor to ensure better efficiency and reliability of the propulsion.
Performance analysis shows that the shaftless model delivers more thrust (3%) than the traditional on the design speed. In order to match the resistance, the shaftless water-jet propulsion has to decrease the rotation speed of the engine to compensate for the increment of thrust, it means that the shaftless model could possess more efficiency (4%) and save more energy for operating. On the off-design condition, the shaftless model is proved to extend the working range and broaden the high efficiency region resulting from the increment of output volume.
CFD Simulation of the Flow Characteristics of NACA 0012, NACA 6409, and DHMTU Airfoils in Ground Effect
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Clement Shibu 
Published: December 2014

Ground effect is a phenomenon caused by the presence of a fixed boundary layer below a wing. This results in an effective increase in lift to drag ratio of the airfoil. The available literature on this phenomenon is very limited; also the types of airfoils used in traditional aircrafts are not suited for ground effect vehicles, so a computational study has been done comparing traditional airfoils (NACA series) with ground effect airfoil (DHMTU).
In this paper, the aerodynamic characteristics of a NACA 6409, NACA 0012, DHMTU 12-35.3-10.2-80.12.2[1] section in ground effect were numerically studied and compared. In 2D simulation, the flow around each of the airfoils has been investigated for different turbulence models viz. Spalart Allmaras turbulence model and k-ε Realizable turbulence models. Lift coefficient, drag coefficient, pitching moment coefficient and lift to drag ratio of each airfoil was determined on several angles of attack from 0 to 10° (0°, 2°, 4°, 6°, 8°, 10°) and different ground clearances (h/c=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0). The results of the CFD simulation indicate a reduction in drag coefficient and an increase in lift coefficient, thus an overall increment in lift to drag ratio of the airfoils, when flying in proximity to the ground. Also DHMTU airfoils have shown a greater consistency in Cm behavior with decreasing height-to-chord (h/c) ratio.
Flow Behaviour Around Square and Circular Obstacles in 2D and 3D Configurations Using Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Abassi Wafik , Aloui Fethi , Ben Nasrallah Sassi , Keirsbulck Laurent , Legrand Jack 
Published: December 2014

The investigation of wakes of bluff bodies in a channel is still relevant despite the large number of works devoted on it, in both experimental and numerical studies. This attractiveness is mainly due to its related applications and practical interest in varied engineering fields.
The understanding of dynamic flow behavior and the topology of the instability structures occurring in the wake is essential in order to optimize the obstacle shape according to the desired objectives.
A confined laminar flow around a square and a circle, placed in a channel is numerically investigated in this work using Lattice Boltzmann method. The study is then extended to 3D computations with horizontal cylinder within a square then a circular cross-section mounted inside a rectangular duct.
The Reynolds number (Re), based on the maximum velocity and the cross-section height varies between 50 and 120 and the blockage ratio is r=1/3. This geometry is representative of a passive method to enhance mixing in the laminar channel flow. LBM was built up on the D2Q9 and D3Q19 model for respectively 2D and 3D computations. The single relaxation time approach called the lattice-BGK method was adopted.
The topology of the vortex-shedding phenomena and wake behavior according the Reynolds numbers, for both geometries of the obstacle are focused. The effect of wall confinement on the flow transition to the vortex shedding regime is discussed. Velocity profiles and integral parameters such as recirculation length and Strouhal number were investigated.
The numerical results are supported by literatures works results for the same configuration showing the performance of LBM as numerical tools simulation for such kind of flows.
CFD Study the Influence of Solid Phase on the Pump Performance
Authors: Strongin Mikhail P. 
Published: December 2014

In the water transportation applications of the liquid-solid mixture pumping is very common. Among these applications the submersible well pumps, dewatering, drainage, and irrigation could be mentioned. In this work, CFD study of influence of amount of solid phase in the solid-liquid mixture on the pump parameters is presented. Two stages vertical mixed flow pump was modeled. Fluent 14.5.7 commercial code was used for simulations. Mixer multiphase model can be used to model multiphase flows where the phases move at different velocities, but assume local equilibrium over short spatial length scales. Therefore, it was chosen for mixture model. SST k-ω model for turbulence was selected. Multi-reference frame approach was used for rotation domains. All mixtures in the presented work have water as their primary phase; the secondary phase is assumed to be a continuum of solid spherical particles of silicon with diameters that range from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm. The load of the solid particles ranges from 0.5% to 10% of volume fraction of the mixture on the pump inlet. The total number of the mesh cells was 9 million.
Calculations of the pump head for mixture and for pure water were done using the same water flow rate.
Comparison of the results shows that they are close within ∼1% difference. It needs to be emphasized that the pump head is determined by the liquid phase. On the other hand, the efficiency of the pump with high solid phase load was much lower in comparison with the same flow rate of water for pure water case. These results may help in designing pumps for transporting liquid-solid mixture.
Computer‐aided detection of renal calculi from noncontrast CT images using TV‐flow and MSER features
Authors: Liu Jianfei , Wang Shijun , Turkbey Evrim B. , Linguraru Marius George , Yao Jianhua , Summers Ronald M. 
Published: December 2014

Purpose:Renal calculi are common extracolonic incidental findings on computed tomographic colonography (CTC). This work aims to develop a fully automated computer‐aided diagnosis system to accurately detect renal calculi on CTC images.Methods:The authors developed a total variation (TV) flow method to reduce image noise within the kidneys while maintaining the characteristic appearance of renal calculi. Maximally stable extremal region (MSER) features were then calculated to robustly identify calculi candidates. Finally, the authors computed texture and shape features that were imported to support vector machines for calculus classification. The method was validated on a dataset of 192 patients and compared to a baseline approach that detects calculi by thresholding. The authors also compared their method with the detection approaches using anisotropic diffusion and nonsmoothing.Results:At a false positive rate of 8 per patient, the sensitivities of the new method and the baseline thresholding approach were 69% and 35% (p < 1e − 3) on all calculi from 1 to 433 mm3 in the testing dataset. The sensitivities of the detection methods using anisotropic diffusion and nonsmoothing were 36% and 0%, respectively. The sensitivity of the new method increased to 90% if only larger and more clinically relevant calculi were considered.Conclusions:Experimental results demonstrated that TV‐flow and MSER features are efficient means to robustly and accurately detect renal calculi on low‐dose, high noise CTC images. Thus, the proposed method can potentially improve diagnosis.
Examining the Elbow during Functional Activities
Authors: Packer Tanya L. , Peat Malcolm , Wyss Urs , Sorbie Charles 
Published: December 2014

Elbow range of motion during functional activities was investigated using electrogoniometry, telemetry, and computer analysis. Five subjects awaiting elbow arthroplasty on rheumatoid arthritic elbows were compared to a control group. Differences (p ≤ .05) were found between the two groups on standing and telephone tests. The minimum angle (extreme extension) and the total arc of motion were significantly less in the group with arthritis. During the standing test the median extension angle was 35° for the group with rheumatoid arthritis and 15° for the control group, and for the telephone test the angles were 95° and 75°, respectively. The experimental group did not consistently use their available range, but used movement patterns in a limited range. The information generated in the study has implications in the treatment of clients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Hydrological Data Banking for Sustainable Development in Nigeria: An Overview
Authors: Maxwell Ocheri 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - This paper examines the importance of hydrological data banking for sustainable development in Nigeria. Water related projects have failed woefully in Nigeria because they are executed without recourse to or lack of relevant hydrological data. Hydrologists primarily are saddled with the responsibilities of data gathering, processing, storage and retrieval on all components of the hydrological cycle such as precipitation, evaporation, runoff, infiltration, stream flow to mention a few. This however can only be done when hydrologists are adequately trained and efficient hydrological gauging stations with up to date equipment are established. The current situation in Nigeria is that hydrological data banking is lacking which is linked with inadequate and inefficient guaging stations and trained manpower. There is the need to make hydrological data collection, processing, storage/retrieval and banking for sustainable development a must in Nigeria. Government and relevant agencies and institutions need to step up action in this wise. Keywords: Hydrology, water inventory, river, data banking
Impact of On-street Parking on Urban Arterial Performance: A Quantitative Study on Travel Speed and Capacity Deterioration
Authors: - Sugiarto , Limanoond Thirayoot 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - Traffic congestion has been a serious social and technical problem since the early year’s rapid motorization in Banda Aceh, Aceh Province of Indonesia. Urban arterial performance becomes the crucial concerns of many traffic engineers. Arterial performances were analyzed using oblique cumulative plots and breakdown method. The approaches are time series treatment between cumulative vehicles arrival versus time contracted from data recorded by video cameras. Investigations were conducted during both morning and evening peak hours on three regular weekdays for observing saturation condition in order to observe the maximum capacity under prevailing conditions. This study examined the impact of presence on-street parking on deterioration both travel speed and capacity. It found that capacity diminished slightly 10-13% (275-368vph) compared to the pre-breakdown condition. Likewise, during the breakdown, speed dropped about 13-19% (3-5kph) controlled by pre-breakdown as well. The simulation software so called VISSIM 5.30 was governed to estimate the measurement of effectiveness (MOEs) by removing on-street parking from a site of study. The MOEs reveal that removing on-street parking able to reduce average delay approximately 12 sec/veh (32%) and increase speed about 5kph (24%). Keywords: Arterial performance, pre-breakdown, breakdown, travel speed, capacity, on-street parking, simulation, VISSIM 5.30, MOEs.
Changes in Color and Physiological Components of The Postharvest Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Influenced by Different Levels of GA3
Authors: Islam Md. Khairul , Islam A.  K. M. Rafiul , Sarkar M. A. R. , Khan M. Z. H. , Yeasmin Shabiha 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - This experiment consisted of two popular mango varieties in Bangladesh (viz., Langra and Khirshapat) and four different levels of Gibberellic acid (GA3) solution, namely control, 100, 200 and 400 ppm. The two factors experiment was assigned in randomized complete block design with tree replicates. Data obtained from various biochemical analyses in terms of physicochemical properties and shelf life of postharvest mango, were recorded and statistically analyzed for comparison among the mean values using DMRT and LSD. The results of the experiments exhibited that only the single effect of varieties was found to be significant in most of the parameters studied. Variety the Langra performed better in accumulating higher quantity of dry matter, ash, vitamin c content in all four experiments over Khirshapat. On the other hand, the Khirshapat showed better performance in achieving higher quantity of moisture, progressively lost physiological weight as well as extended shelf life and delayed skin color changes than Langra at all the storage duration. Keywords: Postharvest mango; Gibberellic acid; physiological components.
Removal of Eggs Adhesiveness of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at Different Concentrations of Urea Solution
Authors: Asraf Amirul , A. Muchlisin Zainal , N. Siti-Azizah Mohd 
Published: December 2014

Abstract –The objective of the present study was to determine the best concentration of urea solution and rinsing time to remove adhesiveness of African catfish eggs. Four different concentrations of rinse solution were used in this experiment comprising of 2 g, 4 g, 6 g and 8 g of urea diluted in 4 g NaCl/L of water producing a concentration of 0.486 mM, 0.973 mM, 1.458 mM, and 1.946 mM of urea concentration respectively, while 4 g NaCl/L of water without urea were used as control. The fish eggs were rinsed with the solutions at different durations namely; 1, 5 and 10 minutes. Each rinsing solution concentration and rinsing time were conducted in three replicates. The fertilization and hatching rates increased and peaked from the control (0 mM of urea) to 0.466 mN urea and decreased when concentration of urea was increased to 0.973 mM urea and 1.458 mM urea, then increased again at 1.946 mM urea, but these values were lower than at 0.486 mM urea. Thus, the best concentration for fertilization and hatching rates were 0.486 urea of urea. However 0.973 mM of urea was optimum in reducing clumping of eggs. Keywords: Clumping; Fertilization; Hatching; Brood fish
Isolation and Identification of Air Borne Fungal Spores and Fragments in Buildings within Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Sa’adatu Aliyu Shinkafi , Gambo Aliyu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - Indoor air contains a complex mixture of microorganisms, microorganism fragments, and by products such as molds, bacteria, endotoxins, mycotoxins, and volatile microbial organic compounds. Airborne fungi and bacteria can be toxic, allergenic and/or infectious. A research was conducted to determine the number and types of airborne fungal spores in Buildings of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria. Five (5) areas were chosen within the University for the Survey, these were student Hostel, Staff Quarters, Botanical garden, Microbiology laboratory and city campus of Usmanu Danfodiyo University. . A total number of fifteen (15) petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar each were vertically placed in each sampler and exposed at end of each height and site for 10 and 20 minutes respectively. A total of thirteen (13) different fungal specie were identified namely; Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A fumigates, A. ustus, A. terreus, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Alterneria altenata, Rhizopus oryzae, R. stolonifer, Helminthosporum sp., Penicillum candidum and Absedia corymbifera. Aspergillus niger had the highest frequency of occurrence of (14.9%), Helminthosporus species had the least frequency of occurrence of (1.5%). Conclusively it was observed that the concentration of fungal spores was high in the upper surface than the ground level at the time of the survey.
DFT and PM3 Computational Studies of the Reaction Mechanism of the Oxidation of L-Tyrosine by Iodine in the Gas Phase
Authors: A. Shallangwa Gideon , Uzairu Adamu , O. Ajibola Victor , Abba Hamza 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - The oxidation of L-Tyrosine by molecular iodine was studied using semi-empirical and density functional theory methods. Molecular information such as net charges, values of frontier orbital energies, composition, proportions and bonding contribution were obtained and analyzed. Thus, possible reactive sites were proposed and the reaction mechanism was postulated. The postulated transition states, intermediates and products were also computed using the PM3 and DFT methods. Computed enthalpies of the oxidation reaction at standard conditions for the PM3 and DFT calculation were 216.97 kJ/mol and -36327404.72 kJ/mol respectively. The calculated ΔGo andΔSo, for the transition states according to the DFT model were both large and negative indicating that the processes were exergonic associative substitution reactions.
Growth and Characterization of a-plane In0.2Ga0.8N/ GaN hetrostructures on r-Sapphire
Authors: Mukundan Shruti , Mohan Lokesh , Chandan Greeshma , Roul Basanta , S.B.Krupanidhi  
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTNon-polar a-plane InGaN films were grown on a r-plane sapphire substrate by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE). The growth temperature and Indium flux were varied to optimize the desired composition of In0.23Ga0.77N on the (11-20) a-plane GaN epilayer grown on a (1-102) r-plane sapphire substrate. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the optimized composition have been studied. It was found that highly a-axis oriented InGaN epilayers with no phase separation can be grown at 540 °C with In/Ga flux ratio of 0.72. The composition of indium incorporation in single phase InGaN films was found to be 23% as estimated by high resolution X-ray diffraction. The room temperature band gap energy of single phase InGaN layers was determined by photoluminescence measurement and found to be around 2.56 eV.
Black Shank Resistance and Agronomic Performance of Flue‐Cured Tobacco Lines and Hybrids Carrying the Introgressed Nicotiana rustica Region, Wz
Authors: Drake Katherine E. , Moore J. Michael , Bertrand Paul , Fortnum Bruce , Peterson Paul , Lewis Ramsey S. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBlack shank, caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, is one of the most important diseases affecting tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production in the United States. Genetic mechanisms are needed that provide resistance to current races and that can be combined into cultivars that provide high yields of cured leaf with acceptable quality. Previous research identified DNA markers associated with an introgressed N. rustica genomic region (designated as Wz) found to contribute to resistance to race 0 and race 1 isolates. Objectives of the current research were to use DNA markers to transfer Wz into the elite genetic background of flue‐cured tobacco cultivar K 326 and to develop nearly isogenic lines and hybrids with and without the race 0 immunity gene Php. These materials were evaluated in multiple environments for black shank resistance, yield, and quality characteristics. Wz was observed to positively affect resistance in the seven diverse disease environments tested. Genotypes in which Wz was combined with Php exhibited the greatest levels of resistance. No evidence of a negative relationship between Wz and yield and/or quality was observed. Data suggest commercial value for Wz in flue‐cured tobacco‐breeding programs with the goal of developing high‐yielding tobacco cultivars with resistance to race 0 and race 1. Further studies are necessary to determine the durability of Wz‐mediated resistance, however.