bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolite Profiling and Cardiovascular Event Risk
Authors: Würtz Peter , Havulinna Aki S. , Soininen Pasi , Tynkkynen Tuulia , Prieto-Merino David , Tillin Therese , Ghorbani Anahita , Artati Anna , Wang Qin , Tiainen Mika , Kangas Antti J. , Kettunen Johannes , Kaikkonen Jari , Mikkilä Vera , Jula Antti , Kähönen Mika , Lehtimäki Terho , Lawlor Debbie A. , Gaunt Tom R. , Hughes Alun D. , Sattar Naveed , Illig Thomas , Adamski Jerzy , Wang Thomas J. , Perola Markus , Ripatti Samuli , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Raitakari Olli T. , Gerszten Robert E. , Casas Juan-Pablo , Chaturvedi Nish , Ala-Korpela Mika , Salomaa Veikko 
Published: January 2015

Background—
High-throughput profiling of circulating metabolites may improve cardiovascular risk prediction over established risk factors.

Methods and Results—

We applied quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics to identify the biomarkers for incident cardiovascular disease during long-term follow-up. Biomarker discovery was conducted in the National Finnish FINRISK study (n=7256; 800 events). Replication and incremental risk prediction was assessed in the Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study (n=2622; 573 events) and British Women’s Health and Heart Study (n=3563; 368 events). In targeted analyses of 68 lipids and metabolites, 33 measures were associated with incident cardiovascular events at
P
<0.0007 after adjusting for age, sex, blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and medication. When further adjusting for routine lipids, 4 metabolites were associated with future cardiovascular events in meta-analyses: higher serum phenylalanine (hazard ratio per standard deviation, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.24;
P
=4×10
–10
) and monounsaturated fatty acid levels (1.17; 1.11–1.24;
P
=1×10
–8
) were associated with increased cardiovascular risk, while higher omega-6 fatty acids (0.89; 0.84–0.94;
P
=6×10
–5
) and docosahexaenoic acid levels (0.90; 0.86–0.95;
P
=5×10
–5
) were associated with lower risk. A risk score incorporating these 4 biomarkers was derived in FINRISK. Risk prediction estimates were more accurate in the 2 validation cohorts (relative integrated discrimination improvement, 8.8% and 4.3%), albeit discrimination was not enhanced. Risk classification was particularly improved for persons in the 5% to 10% risk range (net reclassification, 27.1% and 15.5%). Biomarker associations were further corroborated with mass spectrometry in FINRISK (n=671) and the Framingham Offspring Study (n=2289).

Conclusions—
Metabolite profiling in large prospective cohorts identified phenylalanine, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids as biomarkers for cardiovascular risk. This study substantiates the value of high-throughput metabolomics for biomarker discovery and improved risk assessment.
Relationship of High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Periprocedural Myocardial Injury Following Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Below 70 mg/dL
Authors: Li Xiao‐Lin , Guo Yuan‐Lin , Zhu Cheng‐Gang , Xu Rui‐Xia , Qing Ping , Wu Na‐Qiong , Jiang Li‐Xin , Xu Bo , Gao Run‐Lin , Li Jian‐Jun 
Published: January 2015

Background

Recent data showed inconsistent association of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (
HDL
‐C) with cardiovascular risk in patients with different levels of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (
LDL
‐C) or intensive statin therapy. This study sought to determine the relationship of
HDL
‐C with periprocedural myocardial injury following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (
PCI
) across a range of
LDL
‐C levels, especially in patients with
LDL
‐C <70 mg/
dL
.

Methods and Results

We enrolled 2529 consecutive patients with normal preprocedural cardiac troponin I (
cTnI
) who underwent elective
PCI
. The association between preprocedural
HDL
‐C and periprocedural myocardial injury was evaluated across
LDL
‐C levels, especially in patients with
LDL
‐C <70 mg/
dL
. The
HDL
‐C level was not predictive of periprocedural myocardial injury across the entire study cohort. However, among patients with
LDL
‐C <70 mg/
dL
, a 1 mg/
dL
increase in
HDL
‐C was associated with a 3% reduced risk for postprocedural
cTnI
above 1×upper limit of normal (
ULN
) (odds ratio: 0.97; 95%
CI
: 0.95 to 0.99;
P
=0.004), a 3% reduced risk for postprocedural
cTnI
above 3×
ULN
odds ratio: 0.97; 95%
CI
: 0.95 to 0.99;
P
=0.022), and a 3% reduced risk for postprocedural
cTnI
above 5×
ULN
(odds ratio: 0.97; 95%
CI
: 0.95 to 0.99;
P
=0.017). The relation between plasma
HDL
‐C level and risk of postprocedural
cTnI
elevation above 1×
ULN
, 3×
ULN
, and 5×
ULN
was modified by
LDL
‐C level (all
P
for interaction <0.05).

Conclusions

Higher
HDL
‐C levels were associated with reduced risk of periprocedural myocardial injury only in patients with
LDL
‐C <70 mg/
dL
.
Is Prophylactic Anticoagulation for Deep Venous Thrombosis Common Practice After Intracerebral Hemorrhage?
Authors: Prabhakaran Shyam , Herbers Patricia , Khoury Jane , Adeoye Opeolu , Khatri Pooja , Ferioli Simona , Kleindorfer Dawn O. 
Published: January 2015

Background and Purpose—
Prophylactic anticoagulation for deep venous thrombosis prevention after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is safe. Current guidelines recommend prophylactic anticoagulation after cessation of hematoma growth. We aimed to evaluate nationwide trends in deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis after ICH.

Methods—

In an analysis of the Premier database, we identified adult patients with ICH (
International Classification of Diseases
Ninth edition code 431) from 2006 to 2010 who survived to day 2 of hospitalization. We excluded those with trauma or who underwent craniotomy or angiography. We abstracted type of anticoagulant used and date of first administration. We used univariate statistics and multivariable logistic regression to assess factors associated with prophylactic anticoagulation after ICH.

Results—

Among 32 690 (mean age, 69.7 years; 50.1% men) patients with spontaneous ICH, 5395 (16.5%) patients received any prophylactic anticoagulation during the hospital stay. Among these patients, 2416 (44.8%) received prophylactic anticoagulation by day 2. The most commonly used agents were heparin (71.1%), enoxaparin (27.5%), and dalteparin (1.4%). The proportion of patients receiving prophylactic anticoagulation increased slightly during the study period from 14.3% to 18.0% (
P
<0.01 for trend). Use of prophylactic anticoagulation varied by geographic region (
P
<0.001) in the United States: Northeast (23.2%), South (19.0%), Midwest (10.8%), and West (9.8%). In multivariable analysis, geographic region remained an independent predictor of prophylactic anticoagulation.

Conclusions—
Less than 20% of patients with ICH receive anticoagulation for deep venous thrombosis in the United States. When used, the time to initiation is <2 days in less than half of the patients. Further study should focus on understanding variations in practice and emphasize guideline-driven care.
Impatiens siangensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Gogoi Rajib , BORAH SOURAVJYOTI 
Published: January 2015

Impatiens siangensis Gogoi, a new species, is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, India. The new species differs from I. marianae Hooker by the absence of white blotches on the upper leaf surface, flowers only partially purple, bracts ovate, glabrous, lateral sepals glabrous, dorsal petal glabrous, navicular, lower sepal with straight purple streaks and spur almost straight. The new species differs from I. porrecta Wallich in having stems, leaves, and floral parts glabrous, stems branched, flowers partially purple, lower sepal navicular with straight purple streaks and spur almost straight.
Mixing Variability in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Meyer Amelie , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Polzin Kurt L. , Phillips Helen E. , Bindoff Nathaniel L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA key remaining challenge in oceanography is the understanding and parameterization of small-scale mixing. Evidence suggests that topographic features play a significant role in enhancing mixing in the Southern Ocean. This study uses 914 high-resolution hydrographic profiles from novel EM-APEX profiling floats to investigate turbulent mixing north of the Kerguelen Plateau, a major topographic feature in the Southern Ocean. A shear–strain finescale parameterization is applied to estimate diapycnal diffusivity in the upper 1600 m of the ocean. The indirect estimates of mixing match direct microstructure profiler observations made simultaneously. It is found that mixing intensities have strong spatial and temporal variability, ranging from O(10−6) to O(10−3) m2 s−1. This study identifies topographic roughness, current speed, and wind speed as the main factors controlling mixing intensity. Additionally, the authors find strong regional variability in mixing dynamics and enhanced mixing in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current frontal region. This enhanced mixing is attributed to dissipating internal waves generated by the interaction of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the topography of the Kerguelen Plateau. Extending the mixing observations from the Kerguelen region to the entire Southern Ocean, this study infers a large water mass transformation rate of 17 Sverdrups (Sv; 1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) across the boundary of Antarctic Intermediate Water and Upper Circumpolar Deep Water in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. This work suggests that the contribution of mixing to the Southern Ocean overturning circulation budget is particularly significant in fronts.
Kalman Filtering–Based Probabilistic Nowcasting of Object-Oriented Tracked Convective Storms
Authors: Rossi Pekka J. , Chandrasekar V. , Hasu Vesa , Moisseev Dmitri 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe weather radar–based object-oriented convective storm tracking is a standard approach for analyzing and nowcasting convective storms. However, the majority of current storm-tracking algorithms provide nowcasts only in a deterministic fashion with limited ability to estimate the related uncertainties.This paper proposes a method for probabilistic nowcasting of convective storms that addresses the issue of uncertainty of nowcasts. The approach first utilizes a two-dimensional radar-based storm identification and tracking algorithm in conjunction with the Kalman filtering of noisy measurements of storm centroid with the continuous white noise acceleration model. The resulting smoothed estimates of storm centroid and velocity components and their error covariance values are then applied to nowcast the probability of storm occurrence.To verify the approach, 20–60-min nowcasts were computed every 5 min using composite weather radar data in Finland including approximately 22 000 tracked storms. The verification shows that the algorithm is applicable in both deterministic and probabilistic manner. Moreover, the forecast probabilities are consistent with observed frequencies of the storms, especially with 20- and 30-min nowcasts. The accuracy of the probabilistic nowcasts was evaluated through the Brier skill score with respect to the deterministic nowcasts and nowcasts based on observation persistence and sample climatology. The results show that the proposed nowcasting method has an improved accuracy over all of the reference forecast types.
Ritual circumcision and risk of autism spectrum disorder in 0- to 9-year-old boys: national cohort study in Denmark
Authors: Frisch Morten , Simonsen Jacob 
Published: January 2015

Objective Based on converging observations in animal, clinical and ecological studies, we hypothesised a possible impact of ritual circumcision on the subsequent risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in young boys. Design National, register-based cohort study. Setting Denmark. Participants A total of 342,877 boys born between 1994 and 2003 and followed in the age span 0–9 years between 1994 and 2013. Main outcome measures Information about cohort members’ ritual circumcisions, confounders and ASD outcomes, as well as two supplementary outcomes, hyperkinetic disorder and asthma, was obtained from national registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with foreskin status were obtained using Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Results With a total of 4986 ASD cases, our study showed that regardless of cultural background circumcised boys were more likely than intact boys to develop ASD before age 10 years (HR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.11–1.93). Risk was particularly high for infantile autism before age five years (HR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.36–3.13). Circumcised boys in non-Muslim families were also more likely to develop hyperkinetic disorder (HR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.11–2.96). Associations with asthma were consistently inconspicuous (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.84–1.10). Conclusions We confirmed our hypothesis that boys who undergo ritual circumcision may run a greater risk of developing ASD. This finding, and the unexpected observation of an increased risk of hyperactivity disorder among circumcised boys in non-Muslim families, need attention, particularly because data limitations most likely rendered our HR estimates conservative. Considering the widespread practice of non-therapeutic circumcision in infancy and childhood around the world, confirmatory studies should be given priority.
Early versus Delayed Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Benninger Michael S. , Sindwani Raj , Holy Chantal E. , Hopkins Claire 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of early versus delayed endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in terms of postoperative health care utilization, using a patient cohort with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).Study DesignRetrospective administrative database analysis.SettingUS‐based primary and secondary sites of care.Subjects and MethodsCRS patients with ESS in 2010—with no other ESS before 2010 and with complete medical history from 2004 to 2012—were identified within the MarketScan database. Patients were characterized by time interval of first sinusitis or nasal polyposis diagnosis to ESS and grouped as following: group 1, < 1 year (n = 818); group 2, 1 to <2 years (n = 247); group 3, 2 to <3 years (n = 274); group 4, 3 to <4 years (n = 364); group 5, 4 to <5 years (n = 595); and group 6, ≥5 years (n = 535). Outpatient visits/procedures and prescriptions associated with sinusitis and/or nasal polyps were analyzed for 1 year preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively. Subanalyses were conducted on separate cohorts with or without asthma or polyps, within each group.ResultsPatients in group 1 had significantly fewer visits and prescriptions than patients in group 6 (postoperative visits: group 1, 4.45 [95% CI, 4.06‐4.84]; group 6, 6.70 [95% CI, 6.10‐7.30; prescriptions: group 1, 4.54 [95% CI, 4.12‐4.96]; group 6, 7.61 [95% CI, 6.92‐8.31]). Gradual increases in utilization were observed from groups 1 to 6. Subanalysis of patients with and without asthma or polyps showed similar findings.ConclusionEarly intervention after diagnoses of CRS, with or without asthma or polyps, is associated with lower health care utilization than intervention after many years of medical management.
Cytologic and Functional Alterations of Nasal Mucosa in Smokers
Authors: Pagliuca Giulio , Rosato Chiara , Martellucci Salvatore , de Vincentiis Marco , Greco Antonio , Fusconi Massimo , De Virgilio Armando , Gallipoli Camilla , Simonelli Marilia , Gallo Andrea 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveTobacco smoke is a significant risk factor for respiratory diseases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the cytologic and functional features of nasal mucosa in smokers, nonsmokers, and ex‐smokers to evaluate if nasal alterations in smokers are permanent or reversible conditions after smoking cessation.Study DesignCase series with planned data collection.SettingUniversity medical center.Subjects and MethodsNinety healthy volunteers recruited from the staff of Alfredo Fiorini Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, were enrolled in this prospective study from October to November 2013. We divided the cases according to smoking habits (smokers, nonsmokers, ex‐smokers). Each group was composed of 30 subjects. Cytologic features of nasal mucosa and effectiveness of nasal mucociliary clearance were studied, focusing on 4 parameters: (1) nasal mucociliary clearance, assessed by saccharin nasal transit time; (2) ratio between the number of ciliated cells and goblet cells, analyzed by microscopic observation of cytologic specimens of nasal mucosa that had undergone May Grunwald Giemsa staining; (3) evaluation of ciliary motility; and (4) time of ciliary movement of ciliated cells analyzed by phase‐contrast microscopy.ResultsAll parameters were significantly reduced in the smokers compared to the nonsmokers. There were no statistically significant differences between the nonsmoker and ex‐smoker groups.ConclusionCigarette smoking causes cytologic modifications of nasal mucosa that influence the effectiveness of mucociliary clearance. Our preliminary study suggests that these changes are not permanent and that nasal mucosa of ex‐smokers recovers normal cytologic and functional features.
Malpractice in Treatment of Sinonasal Disease by Otolaryngologists
Authors: Winford Tyler W. , Wallin Jordan L. , Clinger John D. , Graham Aaron M. 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveSinonasal disease is a common condition treated by otolaryngologists. Malpractice in this area is the most common litigation faced by otolaryngologists. This study analyzes malpractice in the treatment of sinonasal disease.Study DesignCase series, review of legal records.SettingLegal databases.Subjects and MethodsUsing 2 different computerized legal databases, the phrase medical malpractice was searched with terms related to sinonasal disease involving court cases in the past 10 years (2004‐2013), yielding 26 cases. The cases were analyzed for pertinent data regarding plaintiffs, presenting complaint, practice setting, type of malpractice, resulting injury, result of verdict, and amount of reward or settlement.ResultsChronic sinusitis (42%) was the most common presenting symptom. Many cases included multiple types of alleged malpractice, with the most common being negligent technique (38%) and lack of informed consent (27%). The most common alleged injuries included cerebrospinal fluid leak, meningitis, nasal obstruction, and orbital trauma. Defendants prevailed in 13 of 18 cases in which outcomes were known, with mean award of $225,000 and mean settlement of $212,500. The cases won by plaintiffs were all in a private practice setting.ConclusionOtolaryngologists should be aware of the causes of malpractice litigation as it relates to treatment of sinonasal disease. Lack of informed consent continues to be a common allegation, and surgeons should ensure complete informed consent is obtained and well documented. A unified and complete database of medical malpractice cases is needed to allow for further analysis of specialty‐related claims.
Effect of garlic powder tablet on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Mahdavi-Roshan Marjan , Zahedmehr Ali , Mohammad-Zadeh Ali , Sanati Hamid-Reza , Shakerian Farshad , Firouzi Ata , Kiani Reza , Nasrollahzadeh Javad 
Published: January 2015

Background/objectives: This study was designed to investigate whether garlic powder tablets in adjunct to conventional medical treatment could have an effect on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plasma lipoproteins and lipids in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Subjects/methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted on 56 patients with CAD between the ages of 25 and 75 years. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: garlic group ( n = 27), receiving garlic powder tablet (1200 µg allicin/tab) twice daily and the placebo group ( n = 29), receiving placebo for 3 months. The rate of atherosclerosis progression was measured by B-mode ultrasonography as the increase in CIMT. Results: After 3 months of taking garlic tablets, CIMT values had minor variations (0.009 ± 0.007 mm reduction from baseline), while in the placebo group, an increase in CIMT values was observed (0.04 ± 0.01 mm increase from baseline). After 3 months of treatment, mean CIMT difference from baseline was significantly differ between the two groups ( p < 0.001). Plasma lipids and lipoproteins (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apolipoprotein A1 and Apolipoprotein B) did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: The results suggest that dry garlic powder tablet is superior to placebo in prevention of CIMT progression in patients with CAD and may be considered as an adjunct treatment for atherosclerosis.
shRNA library screening identifies nucleocytoplasmic transport as a mediator of BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent resistance
Authors: Khorashad Jamshid S. , Eiring Anna M. , Mason Clinton C. , Gantz Kevin C. , Bowler Amber D. , Redwine Hannah M. , Yu Fan , Kraft Ira L. , Pomicter Anthony D. , Reynolds Kimberly R. , Iovino Anthony J. , Zabriskie Matthew S. , Heaton William L. , Tantravahi Srinivas K. , Kauffman Michael , Shacham Sharon , Chenchik Alex , Bonneau Kyle , Ullman Katharine S. , O’Hare Thomas , Deininger Michael W. 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
A function-first shRNA library screen identifies pathways involved in BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance. RAN or XPO1 inhibition impairs survival of progenitors from newly diagnosed or TKI-resistant CML patients.
MRTF-SRF signaling is required for seeding of HSC/Ps in bone marrow during development
Authors: Costello Patrick , Sargent Mathew , Maurice Diane , Esnault Cyril , Foster Katie , Anjos-Afonso Fernando , Treisman Richard 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
Inactivation of either Srf or both Mrtfs in HSC/Ps prevents their colonization of the bone marrow. HSC/Ps lacking functional Srf or both Mrtfs exhibit greatly reduced chemotactic response to SDF-1.
Brentuximab vedotin demonstrates objective responses in a phase 2 study of relapsed/refractory DLBCL with variable CD30 expression
Authors: Jacobsen Eric D. , Sharman Jeff P. , Oki Yasuhiro , Advani Ranjana H. , Winter Jane N. , Bello Celeste M. , Spitzer Gary , Palanca-Wessels Maria Corinna , Kennedy Dana A. , Levine Pamela , Yang Jing , Bartlett Nancy L. 
Published: January 2015

Key PointsBrentuximab vedotin was active in DLBCL across a range of CD30 expression levels, and objective responses occurred in 44% of patients.
Outcomes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia after discontinuing ibrutinib
Authors: Jain Preetesh , Keating Michael , Wierda William , Estrov Zeev , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Jain Nitin , George Binsah , James Danelle , Kantarjian Hagop , Burger Jan , O’Brien Susan 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
Clinical characteristics, causes of discontinuation, and outcome of patients who progress or fail ibrutinib are described. Patients with CLL who progress early on ibrutinib therapy have poor outcomes.
Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor signaling networks inhibit mouse macrophage inflammatory responses by induction of microRNA-21
Authors: Caescu Cristina I. , Guo Xingyi , Tesfa Lydia , Bhagat Tushar D. , Verma Amit , Zheng Deyou , Stanley E. Richard 
Published: January 2015

Key Points
Analysis of CSF-1R pTyr-regulated messenger RNAs identifies novel signaling nodes and networks that can be targeted to modulate macrophage functions. miR-21 is a novel CSF-1R pTyr-721–induced molecule that suppresses the macrophage M1 phenotype and enhances the M2 phenotype.