bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interferon-gamma–mediated tissue factor expression contributes to T-cell-mediated hepatitis through induction of hypercoagulation in mice
Authors: Kato Junko , Okamoto Tomohiro , Motoyama Hiroyuki , Uchiyama Ryosuke , Kirchhofer Daniel , Van Rooijen Nico , Enomoto Hirayuki , Nishiguchi Shuhei , Kawada Norifumi , Fujimoto Jiro , Tsutsui Hiroko 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Concanavalin A (Con A) treatment induces severe hepatitis in mice in a manner dependent on T cells, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Treatment with the anticoagulant heparin protects against hepatitis, despite healthy production of IFN-γ and TNF. Here, we investigated molecular and cellular mechanisms for hypercoagulation-mediated hepatitis. After Con A challenge, liver of wild-type (WT) mice showed prompt induction of Ifnγ and Tnf, followed by messenger RNA expression of tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), which initiate blood coagulation and inhibit clot lysis, respectively. Mice developed dense intrahepatic fibrin deposition and massive liver necrosis. In contrast, Ifnγ−/− mice and Ifnγ−/−
Tnf
−/− mice neither induced Pai1 or Tf nor developed hepatitis. In WT mice TF blockade with an anti-TF monoclonal antibody protected against Con A–induced hepatitis, whereas Pai1
−/− mice were not protected. Both hepatic macrophages and sinusoidal endothelial cells (ECs) expressed Tf after Con A challenge. Macrophage-depleted WT mice reconstituted with hematopoietic cells, including macrophages deficient in signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) essential for IFN-γ signaling, exhibited substantial reduction of hepatic Tf and of liver injuries. This was also true for macrophage-depleted Stat1
−/− mice reconstituted with WT macrophages. Exogenous IFN-γ and TNF rendered T-cell-null, Con A–resistant mice deficient in recombination-activating gene 2, highly susceptible to Con A–induced liver injury involving TF. Conclusions: Collectively, these results strongly suggest that proinflammatory signals elicited by IFN-γ, TNF, and Con A in both hepatic macrophages and sinusoidal ECs are necessary and sufficient for the development of hypercoagulation-mediated hepatitis. (Hepatology 2013)
Trend analysis of reference evapotranspiration in Northwest China: The roles of changing wind speed and surface air temperature
Authors: Liu Xiaomang , Zhang Dan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractReference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important element in the water cycle that integrates atmospheric demands and surface conditions, and analysis of changes in ET0 is of great significance for understanding climate change and its impacts on hydrology. As ET0 is an integrated effect of climate variables, increases in air temperature should lead to increases in ET0. However, this effect could be offset by decreases in vapor pressure deficit, wind speed, and solar radiation which lead to the decrease in ET0. In this study, trends in the Penman–Monteith ET0 at 80 meteorological stations during 1960–2010 in the driest region of China (Northwest China) were examined. The results show that there was a change point for ET0 series around the year 1993 based on the Pettitt's test. For the region average, ET0 decreased from 1960 to 1993 by −2.34 mm yr−2, while ET0 began to increase since 1994 by 4.80 mm yr−2. A differential equation method based on the Food and Agriculture Organization Penman–Monteith formula was used to attribute the change in ET0. The attribution results show that the significant decrease in wind speed dominated the change in ET0, which offset the effect of increasing air temperature and led to the decrease in ET0 from 1960 to 1993. However, wind speed began to increase, and the amplitude of increase in air temperature also rose significantly since the mid‐1990s. Increases in air temperature and wind speed together reversed the trend in ET0 and led to the increase in ET0 since 1994. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Giant cell tumor occurring in familial Paget's disease of bone: Report of clinical characteristics and linkage analysis of a large pedigree
Authors: Gianfrancesco Fernando , Rendina Domenico , Merlotti Daniela , Esposito Teresa , Amyere Mustapha , Formicola Daniela , Muscariello Riccardo , De Filippo Gianpaolo , Strazzullo Pasquale , Nuti Ranuccio , Vikkula Mikka , Gennari Luigi 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Neoplastic degeneration represents a rare but serious complication of Paget's disease of bone (PDB). Although osteosarcomas have been described in up to 1% of PDB cases, giant cell tumors are less frequent and mainly occur in patients with polyostotic disease. We recently characterized a large pedigree with 14 affected members of whom four developed giant cell tumors at pagetic sites. The high number of affected subjects across multiple generations allowed us to better characterize the clinical phenotype and look for possible susceptibility loci. Of interest, all the affected members had polyostotic PDB, but subjects developing giant cell tumors showed an increased disease severity with a reduced clinical response to bisphosphonate treatment and an increased prevalence of bone pain, deformities, and fractures. Together with an increased occurrence of common pagetic complications, affected patients of this pedigree also evidenced a fivefold higher prevalence of coronary artery disease with respect to either the unaffected family members or a comparative cohort of 150 unrelated PDB cases from the same geographical area. This association was further enhanced in the four cases with PDB and giant cell tumors, all of them developing coronary artery disease before 60 years of age. Despite the early onset and the severe phenotype, PDB patients from this pedigree were negative for the presence of SQSTM1 or TNFRSF11A mutations, previously associated with enhanced disease severity. Genome-wide linkage analysis identified six possible candidate regions on chromosomes 1, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 20. Because the chromosome 8 and 10 loci were next to the TNFRSF11B and OPTN genes, we extended the genetic screening to these two genes, but we failed to identify any causative mutation at both the genomic and transcription level, suggesting that a different genetic defect is associated with PDB and potentially giant cell tumor of bone in this pedigree. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Inactivation of anoctamin-6/Tmem16f, a regulator of phosphatidylserine scrambling in osteoblasts, leads to decreased mineral deposition in skeletal tissues
Authors: Ehlen Harald WA , Chinenkova Milana , Moser Markus , Munter Hans-Markus , Krause Yvonne , Gross Stefanie , Brachvogel Bent , Wuelling Manuela , Kornak Uwe , Vortkamp Andrea 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
During vertebrate skeletal development, osteoblasts produce a mineralized bone matrix by deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in the extracellular matrix. Anoctamin6/Tmem16F (Ano6) belongs to a conserved family of transmembrane proteins with chloride channel properties. In addition, Ano6 has been linked to phosphatidylserine (PS) scrambling in the plasma membrane. During skeletogenesis, Ano6 mRNA is expressed in differentiating and mature osteoblasts. Deletion of Ano6 in mice results in reduced skeleton size and skeletal deformities. Molecular analysis revealed that chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation are not disturbed. However, mutant mice display increased regions of nonmineralized, Ibsp-expressing osteoblasts in the periosteum during embryonic development and increased areas of uncalcified osteoid postnatally. In primary Ano6−/− osteoblasts, mineralization is delayed, indicating a cell autonomous function of Ano6. Furthermore, we demonstrate that calcium-dependent PS scrambling is impaired in osteoblasts. Our study is the first to our knowledge to reveal the requirement of Ano6 in PS scrambling in osteoblasts, supporting a function of PS exposure in the deposition of hydroxyapatite. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
The many benefits of employee well‐being in organizational research
Authors: Wright Thomas A. , Huang Ching‐Chu 
Published: August 2012

SummaryWe undertake three objectives in this Incubator. We begin with a discussion of how well‐being has been considered in organizational research. Second, we provide an overview of the relationship between employee well‐being and such workplace outcomes as job performance, employee retention, and cardiovascular health. Third, we introduce exciting research directions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Holocene vegetation and fire dynamics in the supra‐mediterranean belt of the Nebrodi Mountains (Sicily, Italy)
Authors: Bisculm Martina , Colombaroli Daniele , Vescovi Elisa , van Leeuwen Jacqueline F. N. , Henne Paul D. , Rothen Julian , Procacci Giovanni , Pasta Salvatore , La Mantia Tommaso , Tinner Willy 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHigh‐resolution pollen, macrofossil and charcoal data, combined with accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dating and multivariate analysis, were used to reconstruct Holocene vegetation and fire dynamics at Urio Quattrocchi, a small lake in the supra‐mediterranean belt in the Nebrodi Mountains of Sicily (Italy). The data suggest that after 10 000 cal a BP increasing moisture availability supported closed forests with deciduous (Quercus cerris, Fagus sylvatica and Fraxinus spp.) and evergreen (Quercus ilex) species. Species‐rich closed forest persisted until 6850 cal a BP, when Neolithic activities caused a forest decline and affected plant diversity. Secondary forest with abundant Ilex aquifolium recovered between 6650 and 6000 cal a BP, indicating moist conditions. From 5000 cal a BP, agriculture and pastoralism led to the currently fragmented landscape with sparse deciduous forests (Quercus cerris). The study suggests that evergreen broadleaved species were more important at elevations above 1000 m a.s.l. before ca. 5000 cal a BP than subsequently, which might reflect less human impact or warmer‐than‐today climatic conditions between 10 000 and 5000 cal a BP. Despite land use since Neolithic times, deciduous supra‐mediterranean forests were never completely displaced from the Nebrodi Mountains, because of favourable moist conditions that persisted throughout the Holocene. Reconstructed vegetation dynamics document the absence of any pronounced mid‐ or late‐Holocene ‘aridification’ trend at the site, an issue which is controversially debated in Italy and the Mediterranean region. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Repeated measurements of in vitro fermentation of fibre‐rich substrates using large intestinal microbiota of sows
Authors: Sappok Maria A , Pellikaan Wilbert F , Verstegen Martin WA , Bosch Guido , Sundrum Albert , Hendriks Wouter H 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Fibrous ingredients for pig diets can be characterized by in vitro fermentation. In vitro fermentation methods often use a one‐time measurement of gas production during the incubation of test substrates with one faecal inoculum. The representativeness of this approach can be questioned as measuring time and number of animals from which inoculum originates may influence fermentation results. An in vitro fermentation trial was conducted incubating three fibrous substrates with three inocula in five replicates (different fermentation runs) to test the influence of run and origin of inocula.RESULTS: Total gas production and maximal rate of gas production differed (P < 0.05) between fermentation runs, but less than substrates (P < 0.01). The ranking order between substrates remained similar for each run. Fermentation of cellulose led to higher coefficients of variation between inocula compared to the fast fermentable substrates oligofructose and soy pectin. Differences ranged from 2% for total gas production up to 25% for maximal rate of gas production.CONCLUSION: One fermentation run can provide representative results for substrate ranking. Using multiple inocula mixed from four faecal samples each leads to high coefficients of variation for slow fermentable substrates like cellulose. Future studies should examine the optimal number of animals for inocula preparation to decrease variation. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of a freeze‐dried mixture of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) croquette using a GA‐based multiobjective optimisation
Authors: Fuchs Renata HB , Ribeiro Ricardo P , Bona Evandro , Matsushita Makoto 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The mechanically separated meat (MSM) of Nile tilapia is an example of a by‐product that can be used in the development of new foods. The aim of this study was to optimise the mixture of different flours in the development of a freeze‐dried mixture of fish croquette using Nile tilapia MSM. Flavour, texture and overall acceptance of seven formulations were evaluated by an acceptance test. A genetic algorithm (GA) with desirability functions was combined with a multiobjective optimisation of the response surface models.RESULTS: The combination of flours was chosen to minimise cost and maximise overall acceptance and fibre content. Overall acceptance showed a statistically significant correlation (P⩽0.05) with flavour (r = 0.67) and texture (r = 0.61). The GA‐based approach indicated that the highest overall acceptance was obtained when using wheat and rye flours in equal parts. This formulation had an overall acceptance of 7.52, a fibre content of 11.50 g kg−1 and a cost of US$ 2.21/kg. After 24 h of freeze‐drying, the water activity of the mixture was 0.11.CONCLUSION: The GA‐based approach was able to optimise the croquette formulation. The freeze‐drying process contributed to the development of a value‐added product with high quality and long shelf‐life. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Time of methyl jasmonate application influences the development of ‘Cripps Pink’ apple fruit colour
Authors: Shafiq Muhammad , Singh Zora , Khan Ahmad S 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The effects of time and numbers of pre‐harvest sprays of methyl jasmonate (MJ) on the development of red blush, export‐grade fruit, accumulation of flavonoids in fruit skin and quality of ‘Cripps Pink’ apple were investigated in 2005 and 2006. In the first experiment during 2005, whole trees were sprayed once with 10 mmol L−1 MJ at weekly intervals from 155 to 183 days after full bloom (DAFB). In second experiment during 2006, different numbers of sprays (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6) of 5 mmol L−1 MJ were applied from 151 to 179 DAFB.RESULTS: A single spray of MJ (10 mmol L−1) at 169 DAFB resulted in the highest increase in the red blush, export‐grade fruit, accumulation of anthocyanins, cyanidin 3‐galactosides, chlorogenic acid, phloridzin, flavanols and flavonols in fruit skin as compared to all other treatments without affecting fruit quality. A single spray of 5 mmol L−1 MJ at 186 DAFB was more effective in improving red blush, export‐grade fruit and accumulation of anthocyanins in fruit skin as compared to its multiple applications. The exposed sides of fruit developed better colour than the shaded sides, regardless of time and numbers of MJ sprays. Time of a single spray of MJ is more effective than its multiple applications.CONCLUSIONS: A single pre‐harvest spray of MJ (10 mmol L−1) at 169 DAFB or MJ (5 mmol L−1) at 186 DAFB was effective in improving the red blush and export grade fruit through accumulation of flavonoids in fruit skin without adversely affecting quality at harvest. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of host‐specific source‐tracking tools for rapid identification of fecal contamination in fresh produce by humans and livestock
Authors: Lee Chang Soo , Lee Jiyoung 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Fecal contamination in fresh produce is a public health concern because it may contain human pathogens. We introduced host‐specific quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays for the rapid detection and identification of fecal contamination sources from humans and farm animals (cow, pig, chicken) in fresh produce. Each composite fecal sample was spiked on lettuce at two contamination levels (0.2 mg or 2 mg feces g−1), followed by qPCR assays for detecting each host‐specific genetic marker: BoBac (cow); PF163 (pig); CP3‐49 (chicken); and HF183 and gyrB (human). Two commercial DNA extraction kits were compared to evaluate DNA recovery yields and removal of PCR inhibition. Sketa2 assay was conducted to assess the presence of PCR inhibition in the contaminated lettuce.RESULTS: All the qPCR assays yielded reliable detection from contaminated lettuce (2 mg feces g−1), where their target gene numbers were 1.5–5.0 × 103 (HF183), 0.8–2.2 × 103 (gyrB), 0.6–1.6 × 103 (BoBac), 1.6–3.0 × 103 (CP3‐49) and 1.1–2.2 × 103 (PF163) copies g−1 of lettuce. Among the two extraction kits, QIAamp DNA Stool Kit resulted in 2–3 times higher sensitivity and 20% less PCR inhibition than the PowerFood™ kit.CONCLUSION: This study provides information on the optimized host‐specific qPCR assay in identifying sources of fecal contamination in fresh produce and is useful for tracking the contamination source and improving agricultural practice. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Maturity‐dependent chilling tolerance regulated by the antioxidative capacity in postharvest cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruits
Authors: Qian Chunlu , He Zhiping , Zhao Yuying , Mi Hongbo , Chen Xiaohong , Mao Linchun 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to reveal the effect of fruit maturity on the chilling tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit and the oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms involved. Chinese mini‐cucumber (cv. Hangcui‐1) fruits were harvested at four developmental stages: Immature (3–8 days after anthesis (DAA)), Mature (9–16 DAA), Breaker (17–22 DAA) and Yellow (35–40 DAA). All fruits were stored at 2 °C for 9 days and rewarmed at 20 °C for 2 days.RESULTS: The chilling injury index declined with advancing fruit maturity. High superoxide anion radical production rate and hydrogen peroxide content were observed in Immature fruits after cold storage and rewarming. Under chilling stress, superoxide dismutase showed an early response. Fruits at earlier maturity stages exhibited higher catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities and glutathione content as well as its redox state, and lower peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase activities and ascorbate content as well as its redox state.CONCLUSION: Fruits at the earlier developmental stage are more susceptible to chilling injury, which is related to increased oxidative stress. High peroxidase activity and ascorbate content and maintenance of the latter's redox state appear critical to the chilling tolerance of cucumber fruits at later developmental stages. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Mycotoxicogenic fungal inhibition by innovative cheese cover with aromatic plants
Authors: Moro Armando , Librán Celia M , Berruga M Isabel , Zalacain Amaya , Carmona Manuel 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The use of aromatic plants and their extracts with antimicrobial properties may be compromised in the case of cheese, as some type of fungal starter is needed during its production. Penicillium verrucosum is considered a common cheese spoiler. The aim of this study was to evaluate the innovative use of certain aromatic plants as natural cheese covers in order to prevent mycotoxicogenic fungal growth (P. verrucosum). A collection of 12 essential oils (EOs) was obtained from various aromatic plants by solvent‐free microwave extraction technology, and volatile characterisation of the EOs was carried out by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.RESULTS: The most effective EOs against P. verrucosum were obtained from Anethum graveolens, Hyssopus officinalis and Chamaemelum nobile, yielding 50% inhibition of fungal growth at concentration values lower than 0.02 µL mL−1. All EOs showed high volatile heterogeneity, with α‐phellandrene, pinocamphone, isopinocamphone, α‐pinene, camphene, 1,8‐cineole, carvacrol and trans‐anethole being found to be statistically significant in the antifungal model.CONCLUSION: The use of these aromatic plants as natural covers on cheese can satisfactorily inhibit the growth of some mycotoxicogenic fungal spoilers. Among the volatile compounds present, α‐ and β‐phellandrene were confirmed as the most relevant in the inhibition. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of saline stress on mineral composition, phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaves of artichoke and cardoon genotypes grown in floating system
Authors: Colla Giuseppe , Rouphael Youssef , Cardarelli Mariateresa , Svecova Eva , Rea Elvira , Lucini Luigi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Cynara cardunculus is a species native to the Mediterranean basin. It includes globe artichoke and cultivated cardoon as well as their progenitor wild cardoon. The species is a source of biophenols, and its leaf extracts have been widely used in herbal medicine as hepatoprotectors and choleretics since ancient times. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of increasing the level of salinity in the nutrient solution (1 or 30 mmol L−1 NaCl) on biomass production, mineral composition, radical‐scavenging activity, caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids in three artichoke (‘Romolo’, ‘Violetto di Provenza’ and ‘Violetto di Romagna’) and three cultivated cardoon (‘Bianco Avorio’, ‘Bianco Gigante Inerme’ and ‘Gigante di Romagna’) cultivars grown in a floating system.RESULTS: Increased salinity in the nutrient solution decreased the leaf dry biomass and leaf number of artichoke and cultivated cardoon cultivars. Salinity reduced macro‐ and microelement accumulation in leaves (e.g. N, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and B) but improved their antioxidant activity, total polyphenols, chlorogenic acid, cynarin and luteolin. The cultivated cardoons, especially ‘Bianco Avorio’ and ‘Gigante di Romagna’, showed higher biomass and leaf number than those observed in artichoke genotypes. ‘Violetto di Provenza’ exhibited the highest content of chlorogenic acid, closely followed by ‘Violetto di Romagna’, whereas for cynarin content the highest values were recorded in ‘Violetto di Provenza’, ‘Bianco Avorio’ and ‘Gigante di Romagna’. The highest content of luteolin was recorded in ‘Gigante di Romagna’ and ‘Bianco Avorio’, while the highest content of apigenin was observed in ‘Gigante di Romagna’.CONCLUSION: The results showed that the floating system could be considered an effective tool to improve quality aspects through proper management of the salt concentration in the nutrient solution. They also suggest that specific cultivars should be selected to obtain the desired profile of bioactive compounds. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry