bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research roadshow: Research design beyond the ordinary
Authors: Radford Marie L. , Connaway Lynn Silipigni , Shah Chirag , Wildemuth Barbara M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractResearch design is a vital consideration when embarking on any research venture. The careful selection of method (or combination of methods) and project design are integral to obtaining funding, completing a successful study, and having your research accepted for presentation and publication. This panel adopts a format similar to the Antiques Roadshow to focus on research design, with interactive audience participation. The show will begin with three experts (Connaway, Radford, and Wildemuth) briefly discussing the strengths and weaknesses of the design for a particular study they conducted. Another panelist (Shah) will present the panelists with a study that he would be interested in conducting, and describe one or more aspects of the research design (his treasure) that he has found to be challenging. The panelists will offer their advice and comment on any additional obstacles he might expect to face in conducting the study. Shah will then invite the audience to join in by presenting ideas for studies they'd like to conduct (i.e., the potential valuables sitting in their intellectual attics); the panelists will respond to and comment on each, appraising the value and prospects (for publication).
Electronic government around the world: Current trends and future prospects
Authors: Hagen Loni , DePaula Nicolau , Dincelli Ersin , Caidi Nadia , Rorissa Abebe 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn recent decades many countries have leveraged information and communication technologies to facilitate interaction between citizens, businesses and governments. By enhancing government efficiencies and streamlining governance systems, countries expect to strengthen public service deliveries and to improve public and private sector interactions. Open public data is expected to bring better access to information and thus enhance democracy. Despite these promises, electronic government (eGov) policies around the world face challenges brought about by, among other things, inequalities (in terms of abilities, literacy, gender, income, location, age, etc), issues of data quality, as well as privacy and security concerns.eGov can be examined under three different categories: Government‐to‐Government (G2G), Government‐to‐Citizen (G2C), and Government‐to‐Business (G2B). eGov can also be examined via service delivery methodology, based on infrastructure development stages, provider and user perspectives (such as the available eGov services vs. actual eGov usage) or the discursive framing of such plans and programs. This panel addresses several such scenarios to examine the current state of electronic government in various international settings. Panelists will provide insights on specific dynamics in these countries (changing policies, environments, and technologies) and how they relate to successful (or not) e‐government practices.SponsorsSIG III, SIG IFP
Research know‐how for research support services: Preparing information specialists for emerging roles
Authors: Corrall Sheila , Kennan Mary Anne , Salo Dorothea 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe panel will discuss the importance of understanding the research environment for providing effective information and technology support to researchers, and the implications for curricula in professional education. Our specific context is growing involvement of academic libraries and information services in managing research data, but the issues raised have wider implications for educating and developing other information specialists (e.g., in research institutes, government agencies, public libraries). Studies in the past five years have identified technical and discipline‐related skills and knowledge gaps as potential constraints on developing library research data services. Our recent research in Australia, New Zealand, the UK, and Ireland confirmed the need for data curation and technology skills, but also found practitioners engaging in other forms of research support, and expressing needs for a multilayered introduction to the research environment, extending beyond the research skills typically gained in masters programs, including subjects such as academic culture and practice, and research policy and evaluation. The panelists represent a mix of academic and practitioner viewpoints from different countries. They will each offer their views on what is missing and should be added to graduate curricula, and how programs can make space, asking the audience to respond with their own suggestions, counter‐arguments, and alternative visions, using an interactive style from the start.
Net gain via knowledge organization: Classification and productivity
Authors: Greenberg Jane , Hodge Gail , Szostak Rick , Uckun Timur Han 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe benefits of knowledge organization (KO) systems have been documented by many (e.g., Hodge, 2000; Hjørland, 2008; Abbas, 2010). Despite known advantages, KO investment appears to vary widely among and within industry, research, and educational communities. Data specific to KO investment and the impacts (gains and losses) is limited. The societal benefits of improving KO systems may thus be under‐appreciated, both within and beyond the field.This panel addresses a need for discussion on KO investment and impacts. The panel brings together experts and researchers who are either on‐the‐front‐line addressing KO in operational systems, or researching aspects of KO development and investment. Topics covered include taxonomies and constant state of change; impacts of risk and KO; the notion of KO capital; and classification and productivity. The panel moderator will facilitate a discussion on evaluation approaches for gaining insight into the economic impacts of KO.
Information outsiders of the 21st century: Access and implications for information behavior research
Authors: Arns Jennifer W. , Copeland Clayton A. , Jaeger Paul T. , Subramaniam Mega , Kawooya Dick , Martin Michelle H. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractEquity of access is an imperative in the global information world of the 21st Century. For the information outsider however, or those who might be disenfranchised by social constructions, economic, legal, educational, or political circumstances, or geographical location, information poverty is a disheartening reality (Chatman, 1992; 1996; 2000; Burnett, Bessant, & Chatman, 2001). The functions of this panel are to explore the information worlds of select marginalized populations and the resulting implications for information behavior, social interaction, and pedagogy. It is intended to begin providing a framework for understanding the interactions between information, information access, information needs and uses, and legal and social contexts. The presentations and ensuing discussion will offer insight into physical and digital information access strategies and implications for Library and Information Science (LIS) education and practice.
Design and evaluation of web interfaces for informal care providers in senior monitoring
Authors: Xiao Lu , Yan Xueheng , Emery Alison 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIt has been recognized that most seniors prefer to age in a place with familiar surroundings until their health makes this impossible. In an attempt to address the aging phenomenon, as well as recognize seniors' preference, we worked with a Canada‐based company that develops a sensor‐based home monitoring system for people to monitor the home activities of independently living seniors. Our role was to develop web interfaces that present sensor data to the intended web users – the seniors' informal care providers (e.g., their close friends or family members). In this paper, we present the information design and the web interface prototypes, and report the results of our formative evaluations through cognitive walkthrough and heuristic evaluation methods. The common problems discovered in both methods were problematic notification mechanism, inconsistency, background and layout. Each method also detected usability issues that the other did not. Our work adds more empirical evidence to the importance of combining evaluation methods in a study. The experiences in this study also helped us reflect on approaches and strategies when working with industry partners.
The Federalist Papers revisited: A collaborative attribution scheme
Authors: Savoy Jacques 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper presents and evaluates a collaborative attribution strategy based on six authorship attribution schemes representing the two main paradigms used in authorship studies. Based on very frequent words as features, the classical paradigm (or similarity‐based methods) proposes to compute an intertextual distance between the disputed text and the different author profiles (concatenation of their writings). As a second paradigm, we can apply different machine learning schemes such as the naïve Bayes, and the support vector machines (SVM). As an evaluation corpus, we have used The Federalist Papers, a well‐known collection in authorship attribution. During our evaluation, we have tried to follow the recommendations and the best practices known to assess the various attribution schemes. The evaluation shows that, in the two paradigms, we can find effective attribution schemes. But when combining these individual results using a vote aggregation method, the final collaborative decision is always correct and robust. Moreover, to indicate the degree of belief attached to the combined attribution, we can consider the percentage of votes obtained by each possible assignment. When analyzing the output given by the individual attribution schemes, we also found that the provided information is difficult to interpret, at least, for the end‐user.
Information‐seeking behaviors of computer scientists: Challenges for electronic literature search tools
Authors: Athukorala Kumaripaba , Hoggan Eve , Lehtiö Anu , Ruotsalo Tuukka , Jacucci Giulio 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSince the recent emergence of electronic literature resources, researchers have begun to adopt new information‐seeking practices. The purpose of this research is to investigate the information needs and searching behaviors of researchers, and their implications for electronic literature search tools. We conducted mixed‐method case studies involving interviews, diary logs, and observations of computer scientists followed by a web‐based survey to validate our findings. The results show that computer science researchers have the following main purposes for seeking information: keeping up to date, exploring new topics, reviewing literature, collaborating, preparing lectures, and recommending material for students. We found that keeping up to date with research is the most frequent purpose and exploring unfamiliar research areas is the most difficult. Furthermore, we found that literature searching is a collaborative process and, depending on the search purpose, different information sources and navigation strategies are used. On the basis of these findings we discuss six design challenges for literature search tools, which are: providing support for keeping up to date with research, exploring unfamiliar topics, browsing user history, collaborating and sharing, performing a federated search that goes beyond scholarly research, and sorting and navigating the results.
Closing the loop: Assisting archival appraisal and information retrieval in one sweep
Authors: Kim Yunhyong , Ross Seamus 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn this article, we examine the similarities between the concept of appraisal, a process that takes place within the archives, and the concept of relevance judgement, a process fundamental to information retrieval systems. More specifically, we revisit appraisal/selection criteria proposed as a result of archival and digital curation communities, and, compare them to relevance criteria as discussed within information retrieval's literature based discovery. We illustrate how closely these criteria relate to each other and discuss how understanding the relationships between the these disciplines could form a basis for proposing automated appraisal and selection for archival processes and enabling complex queries within information retrieval.
Information use, support and decision making in complex, uncertain environments
Authors: Mishra Jyoti Laxmi , Allen David K. , Pearman Alan D. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe research reported in this paper explored decision making and information use by public safety personal leading teams responding to major incidents. The research methodology was qualitative using critical incident technique and observation grounded in Activity Theory as meta‐theoretical framework. The data gathered uncovered intuitive as well as analytic modes of thinking. We argue that this has implications for decision support and our understanding of decision making in time‐constrained, complex and uncertain environments.
A quantitative evaluation of query expansion in domain specific information retrieval
Authors: Akasereh Mitra 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper describes our different retrieval approaches conducted on a cultural heritage (CH) content test‐collection. In our study, our main objective is to measure the relative merit of various query expansion and semantic enrichment techniques. To do so we considered different strategies based on blind‐query expansion as well as using external resource, namely Wikipedia. In using external knowledge bases we consider different strategies in order to select the most appropriate concepts to be added to the initial query. Our results show that expansion with both pseudo‐relevant documents and external resources improve the retrieval. While the impact of expansion using an external resource is more significant.
Automatically assigning research methods to journal articles in the domain of social sciences
Authors: Eckle‐Kohler Judith , Nghiem Tri‐Duc , Gurevych Iryna 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe investigate the automatic assignment of research methods to journal articles from the domain of Social Sciences. We employ Computer Science and Computational Linguistics methodology to perform this automatic assignment of metadata. The multi‐label classification system we present uses only abstracts and titles of journal articles as input. Our best system is able to assign the important research methods empiricaland quantitative empirical with F‐scores of 0.67 and 0.68. These research methods are in the focus of many recent manual analyses of publications databases. Our classification approach could be applied to automatically analyze large publications databases and databases of bibliographic references according to the use of empirical and quantitative empirical methods.
Site‐searching strategies of searchers referred from search engines
Authors: Ortiz‐Cordova Adan , Jansen Bernard J. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn this research, we analyze the referral queries and associated site‐search queries at the session level from searchers coming from web search engines. Findings are based on a random sample of 10,000 from a total of 327,261 searching sessions of an online Spanish entertainment business collected over the course of a five month period from March 23, 2012 to August 26, 2012. We find six searching strategies that are correlated with the type of referral keywords (i.e., search terms) used at the major search engine. Of the six, the three major searching strategies are (1) the explorers who submit a broad query on the major search engine and then submit multiple broad queries on the site‐search engine, (2) the navigators who submit a query to the major search engine that is part of a URL and then submit specific queries to the site‐search engine, and (3) the persisters who submit the exact type of query on both the search engine and the site search. Implications for this research include developing better internal searching features, sponsored search keyword generation, and personalization of website content.
Analyzing question quality through intersubjectivity: World views and objective assessments of questions on social question‐answering
Authors: Kitzie Vanessa , Choi Erik , Shah Chirag 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSocial question‐answering (SQA) allows people to ask questions in natural language and receive answers from others. While research on SQA has focused on the quality of answers provided with implications for system‐based interventions, few studies have examined whether the questions asked to elicit these answers accurately depict an asker's information need. To address this gap, the current study explores the viability for system based interventions to improve questions by comparing human, non‐textual assessments of question quality to automatic, textual features extracted from the questions' content in order to determine whether there is a significant relationship between subjective judgments on one hand, and objective ones on the other. Findings indicate that not only is there a significant relationship between human‐based ratings of question quality criteria and extracted textual features, but also that distinct textual features contribute to explaining the variability of each human‐based rating. These findings encourage further study of the relationship between the reasons for why a question might be of poor quality and textual features that can be extracted from the question. This relationship can ultimately inform design of intervention‐based systems that can not only automatically assess question quality, but also provide reasons that can be understood by the asker as to why the quality of his or her question is poor and suggest how to revise the question.
Seeking treatment options: Consumers' search behaviors and cognitive activities
Authors: Broussard Ramona , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAs people increasingly search the Internet for health‐related topics like treatment options, it is important to understand how they construct their searches, and how they understand the results. In this paper, we report results from an exploratory lab study with 40 cross‐sectional participants and follow‐up interviews with eleven of them about their use of search engines to find treatment options. While corroborating prior research concerning basic consumer health information search behaviors (e.g., query length and evaluation of results), our findings also extend the current understanding of health information searching by suggesting that the process of seeking treatment options is shaped by consumers' propensity for familiar and confirming information as well as their desire to seek novel information. Furthermore, our findings suggest an under‐investigated idea of the importance of a search timeline: that is that a consumer is likely to look for confirming or novel information depending on where they are in a particular timeline during their search. The results indicate that search systems can better support consumers in finding novel information about treatment options, but that it would be best to introduce novel information after satisfying consumers search for general and familiar information.
“I know what you are going through”: Answers to informational questions about eating disorders inYahoo! answers:A qualitative study
Authors: Bowler Leanne , Mattern Eleanor , Jeng Wei , Oh Jung Sun , He Daqing 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to enrich our understanding of social question and answer (Q&A) sites as a health information source for teens. To do so we investigated answers to 81 informational questions about eating disorders posted inYahoo! Answers, a social Q&A site. Through a content analysis, we found that users do not always respond to eating disorder questions with credible, factual information, even if the need for it was expressed in the question. The findings suggest that people who pose questions inYahoo! Answersuse it as a social and emotional scaffold rather than an informational source, even if their questions are couched in terms that suggest they are seeking information. Further, a large portion of the people who answer such questions understand this to be the purpose and rarely provide answers drawn from evidence‐based medicine or reliable, credible sources for health information. Through the investigation of the answers to questions on a health topic that is prevalent amongst teens, this study deepens our understanding of the health information behavior of young people and the quality of the health information they find inYahoo! Answers.
Information behaviour in transition: A developing country perspective
Authors: Gaston Nicole Marie , Dorner Dan , Johnstone David 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIncreased Internet penetration rates across the developing world have resulted in significant changes to the quantity and quality of information previously available to individuals in many regions of the world. Thus far little research has examined the contextual factors affecting information behaviour in a non‐Western, developing country, and how new technologies are affecting traditional avenues to resolving information needs. This paper reports on the findings of a research project investigating information behaviour in Laos.Information behaviour was examined through 30 in‐depth interviews from which the changing information environment of Laos was explored. The research employed Dervin's Sense‐making methodology and discourse analysis amongst other tools to investigate the unique nature of information behaviour in a developing country. The findings revealed that while increased internet access is affecting how individuals in Laos communicate and exchange information, contextual factors primarily related to culture continue to strongly influence information behaviour. These findings have implications for information professionals, information systems design, and international development.
Effects of topic familiarity and search skills on query reformulation behavior
Authors: Hu Rong , Lu Kun , Joo Soohyung 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis study examined the effects of two factors, topic familiarity and search skills, on users' query reformulation behavior in health information searching. Four hypotheses were tested. Forty five graduate students participated in our study and searched for health‐related topics on our experimental retrieval system. Their search actions were recorded by a server‐side log system and their demographic information were collected, including their familiarity with the topics and their major. Our results suggest that topic familiarity and search skills do not have statistically significant impact on users' selection of query reformulation types. However, participants with a higher topic familiarity tend to make less spelling errors and prefer to use specific terms or search from different aspects. Participants with better searching skills are more likely to generalize and specify their queries and make less errors. In addition, significantly fewer reformulations were observed from the participants with higher topic familiarity. This indicates participants with higher topic familiarity can complete their task with less reformulation effort. There is no significant difference on the time spent on different types of query reformulations. The findings from this study yield practical implications for designing health information retrieval systems that support query reformulation for users with different knowledge and skills.