bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid jail-based implementation of overdose education and naloxone distribution in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Oser Carrie B. , McGladrey Margaret , Booty Marisa , Surratt Hilary , Knudsen Hannah K. , Freeman Patricia R. , Stevens-Watkins Danelle , Roberts Monica F. , Staton Michele , Young April , Draper Emma , Walsh Sharon L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
People incarcerated in jails are highly impacted by the opioid epidemic, and overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) is an effective strategy to reduce opioid overdose deaths. This study examines barriers and facilitators of fast-track OEND implementation within the jails in the Wave 1 Kentucky counties of the HEALing Communities Study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Meeting minutes with jail stakeholders were qualitatively coded using the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) as the coding framework. The analysis highlighted the top barriers and facilitators to fast-track OEND implementation within the PRISM framework.

Results
Space and staffing shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic, disruptions in interorganizational programming from pandemic-related service suspensions, and a lack of technological solutions (e.g., reliable Internet access) for socially distanced delivery were the top barriers to fast-track OEND implementation. In addition, there were limitations on non-jail staff access to jails during COVID-19. Top facilitators included jail leadership support, the option to prioritize high-risk groups, and the incorporation of OEND processes into existing communications and management software. While the COVID-19 pandemic strained jail infrastructure, jail and partner agency collaboration led to creative implementation strategies for the successful integration of OEND into jail operations. Urban jails were more likely than rural jails to be early adopters of OEND during the public health emergency.

Conclusions
Understanding the barriers to and facilitators of OEND within jails will improve implementation efforts seeking to curb opioid overdose deaths. Jail leadership support and interorganizational efforts were key facilitators to implementation; therefore, it is recommended to increase buy-in with multiple agencies to promote success. Challenges brought on by COVID-19 have resulted in a need for innovative solutions for implementation.

Clinical trial information
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04111939, Submitted 30 September 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04111939?titles=HEALing%20Communities%20Study&rank=1.
PUB40 attenuates Phytophthora capsici resistance by destabilizing the MEK2-SIPK/WIPK cascade in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Wang Jinghao , Pi Lei , Wang Nan , Peng Hao , Xu Guangyuan , Yin Zhiyuan , Dou Daolong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade MEK2-SIPK/WIPK is essential for immunity in Solanaceae plants. This cascade is tightly controlled to prevent harmful hyperactivation. However, the E3 ubiquitin ligases utilized by plants to reduce MEK2- SIPK/WIPK protein levels remain largely elusive. Here, we confirmed the essential role of Nicotiana benthamiana MEK2-SIPK/WIPK in resistance to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici. Using tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based gene silencing, we screened prevalent plant U-box protein (PUB)-type E3 ligases with Armadillo (ARM) repeats to characterize those involved in Phytophthora resistance and MEK2-SIPK/WIPK degradation. We found that pub40 knockdown mutants exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to P. capsici. NbPUB40 was under ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in planta, with two conserved sites (Cys28 and Val41) in the U-box domain being essential for its activity. NbPUB40 was shown to interact with the whole MEK2-SIPK/WIPK cascade and promote their degradation, the ubiquitination levels of which were also notably reduced in the pub40 mutant. Our results reveal a mechanism in which a PUB E3 ubiquitin ligase negatively regulates plant P. capsici resistance by destabilizing the MEK2-SIPK/WIPK cascade.
Paediatric sickle cell disease presenting with hepatobiliary symptoms—a case presentation and brief literature review
Authors: Kumar Aditi , Behera Rashmi Ranjan , Mahapatro Samarendra , Patel Ranjan , Nayak Hemanta , Satapathy Amit Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sickle hepatopathy is the hepatobiliary dysfunction associated with sickle cell disease. It has a varied spectrum ranging from asymptomatic transaminasemia to gallstones or fulminant liver failure. Hepatobiliary manifestations may be the initial presentation in children with undiagnosed sickle cell disease as seen in our three index cases. This may mimic a primary liver disease, delaying definite diagnosis and management.

Case presentation
We describe three cases. The first case was a 9-year-old girl child with cholecystitis with choledocholithiasis, the second case was a 15-year-old boy with acute hepatitis of unidentified aetiology, and the third case was a 3-month-old infant with neonatal cholestasis in absence of common structural or metabolic cause. All three cases had underlying haemolytic anaemia with splenomegaly and belonged to the sickle belt of the region. The final diagnosis in all three index cases was sickle cell disease with hepatopathy.

Conclusion
The clinical syndrome of hepatitis or cholestasis with or without cholangitis in the background of splenomegaly and haemolytic anaemia should prompt screening for sickle cell disease.
Minimal Common Oncology Data Elements Genomics Pilot Project: Enhancing Oncology Research Through Electronic Health Record Interoperability at Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Authors: Li Yanwei , Ye Jiarong , Huang Yuxin , Wu Jiayi , Liu Xiaohan , Ahmed Shun , Osterman Travis 
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE The expanding presence of the electronic health record (EHR) underscores the necessity for improved interoperability. To test the interoperability within the field of oncology research, our team at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) enabled our Epic-based EHR to be compatible with the Minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE), which is a Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR)–based consensus data standard created to facilitate the transmission of EHRs for patients with cancer. METHODS Our approach used an extract, transform, load tool for converting EHR data from the VUMC Epic Clarity database into mCODE-compatible profiles. We established a sandbox environment on Microsoft Azure for data migration, deployed a FHIR server to handle application programming interface (API) requests, and mapped VUMC data to align with mCODE structures. In addition, we constructed a web application to demonstrate the practical use of mCODE profiles in health care. RESULTS We developed an end-to-end pipeline that converted EHR data into mCODE-compliant profiles, as well as a web application that visualizes genomic data and provides cancer risk assessments. Despite the complexities of aligning traditional EHR databases with mCODE standards and the limitations of FHIR APIs in supporting advanced statistical methodologies, this project successfully demonstrates the practical integration of mCODE standards into existing health care infrastructures. CONCLUSION This study provides a proof of concept for the interoperability of mCODE within a major health care institution's EHR system, highlighting both the potential and the current limitations of FHIR APIs in supporting complex data analysis for oncology research.
Croscarmellose Sodium as Pelletization Aid in Extrusion-Spheronization
Authors: Siebel Finn , Kleinebudde Peter 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOnly few excipients are known to be suitable as pelletization aids. In this study, the potential use of croscarmellose sodium (CCS) as pelletization aid was investigated. Furthermore, the impact of cations on extrusion-spheronization (ES) of CCS was studied and different grades of CCS were tested. The influence of different cations on the swelling of CCS was investigated by laser diffraction. Mixtures of CCS with lactose monohydrate as filler with or without the inclusion of different cations were produced. The mixtures were investigated by mixer torque rheometry and consequently extruded and spheronized. Resulting pellets were analyzed by dynamic image analysis. In addition, mixtures of different CCS grades with dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous (DP) and a mixture with praziquantel (PZQ) as filler were investigated. Calcium and magnesium cations caused a decrease of the swelling of CCS and influenced the use of CCS as pelletization aid since they needed to be included for successful ES. Aluminum, however, led to an aggregation of the CCS particles and to failure of extrusion. The inclusion of cations decreased the uptake of water by the mixtures which also reduced the liquid-to-solid-ratio (L/S) for successful ES. This was shown to be dependent on the amount of divalent cations in the mixture. With DP or PZQ as filler, no addition of cations was necessary for a successful production of pellets, however the optimal L/S for ES was dependent on the CCS grade used. In conclusion, CCS can be used as a pelletization aid.
Graphical Abstract
Sex-Specific Effects of THRβ Signaling on Metabolic Responses to High Fat Diet in Mice
Authors: Muralidharan Aruljothi , Gomez Gustavo A , Kesavan Chandrasekhar , Pourteymoor Sheila , Larkin Destiney , Tambunan William , Sechriest V Franklin , Mohan Subburaman 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) plays a crucial role in regulating the functions of both bone and adipose tissue. Given that TH exerts its cholesterol-lowering effects in hepatic tissue through the TH receptor-β (TRβ), we hypothesized that TRβ agonist therapy using MGL3196 (MGL) would be effective in treating increased adiposity and bone loss in response to a 12-week high-fat diet (HFD) in adult C57BL/6J mice. Transcriptional and serum profiling revealed that HFD-induced leptin promoted weight gain in both males and females, but MGL only suppressed leptin induction and weight gain in males. In vitro studies suggest that estrogen suppresses MGL activity in adipocytes, indicating that estrogen might interfere with MGL-TRβ function. Compared to systemic adiposity, HFD reduced bone mass in male but not female mice. Paradoxically, MGL treatment reversed macroscopic bone mineral density loss in appendicular bones, but micro-CT revealed that MGL exacerbated HFD-induced trabecular bone loss, and reduced bone strength. In studies on the mechanisms for HFD effects on bone, we found that HFD induced Rankl expression in male femurs that was blocked by MGL. By ex vivo assays, we found that RANKL indirectly represses osteoblast lineage allocation of osteoprogenitors by induction of inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and CCL2. Finally, we found that MGL functions in both systemic adiposity and bone by nongenomic TRβ signaling, as HFD-mediated phenotypes were not rescued in TRβ147F knockout mice with normal genomic but defective nongenomic TRβ signaling. Our findings demonstrate that the negative effects of HFD on body fat and bone phenotypes are impacted by MGL in a gender-specific manner.
Long-Term Differential Effects of Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy on Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Cailleaux Pierre-Emmanuel , Ostertag Agnès , Haguenauer Didier Albert , Ledoux Séverine , Cohen-Solal Martine 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
The association of obesity with bone fragility fractures is complex and non-linear. Despite good efficacy on weight loss, bariatric surgery (BS) is also associated with bone loss. However, we lack information on risk factors of the long-term deleterious effects of BS on the skeleton.

Objective
We aimed to assess the factors associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) performed a long time after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Methods
This cross-sectional study involved patients at a long distance from their BS that underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with biological factors (vitamins, micronutrients, bone and inflammation biomarkers). Simple and multiple linear models (stepwise and parsimony approach) were developed.

Results
A total of 131 patients (91 RYGB, 40 SG) underwent DXA (51.8 ± 11.08 years, 87.8% women). At a mean of 6.8 ± 3.7 years after surgery, the mean weight loss was –28.6 ± 9.6%, and only 6 patients (5.7%) had a T-score less than or equal to ­2.5. On univariate analysis, BMD was lower in the RYGB than in the SG group (P &lt; .001) at all sites, despite similar fat and fat-free mass and weight loss. Serum parathyroid hormone and phosphate levels were higher in RYGB than SG patients. A total of 10.1% of patients showed vascular calcifications. On multivariable analysis, BMD remained different between surgery groups after adjustment for age, body mass index, ethnicity, and sex. The model-adjusted R2 values were 0.451 for the total hip; 0.462 the femoral neck, and 0.191 the lumbar spine for the inflammation model; 0.458, 0.462, and 0.254, respectively, for the bone marker model; and 0.372, 0.396, and 0.142 for the vitamin model. Serum zinc, ferritin, and uric acid levels were the markers associated with BMD to a low extent.

Conclusion
BMD differed depending on the BS procedure. A few biological markers may be associated weakly with BMD well after the surgery.
Continuous Glucose Monitor: Reclaiming Type 2 Diabetes Self-efficacy and Mitigating Disparities
Authors: Ni Kevin , Tampe Carolyn A , Sol Kayce , Cervantes Lilia , Pereira Rocio I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
The rise in continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use has been characterized by widening disparities between the least and most socially marginalized. Given access barriers, there is limited CGM patient experience information that is inclusive of those with type 2 diabetes mellitus from socially marginalized backgrounds.

Objective
To understand the CGM usage experience in the primary care setting across a US Medicaid population with type 2 diabetes at federally qualified health centers.

Methods
This qualitative study used semi-structured phone interviews with 28 English- or Spanish-speaking participants prescribed the CGM who were enrolled in a US Medicaid program that subsidized CGMs. Audio recordings of interviews were transcribed and analyzed by reflective thematic analysis.

Results
Twenty-eight participants (75% female, median age 56 years with interquartile-range 48-60 years) were interviewed. Participants were from different racial/ethnic backgrounds: 21% non-Hispanic White, 57% Hispanic, and 18% non-Hispanic Black. Participants primarily spoke English (68%) or Spanish (32%), and 53% reported 9 or fewer years of formal education. We identified 6 major themes: initial expectations and overcoming initiation barriers, convenience and ease promote daily use, increased knowledge leads to improved self-management, collaboration with provider and clinical team, improved self-reported outcomes, and barriers and burdens are generally tolerated.

Conclusion
CGM use was experienced as easy to understand and viewed as a tool for diabetes self-efficacy. Expanded CGM access for socially marginalized patients with type 2 diabetes can enhance diabetes self-management to help mitigate diabetes outcome disparities.
Central Arterial Line Placement for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Zaleski Katherine L. , Kuntz Michael T. , Staffa Steven J. , Van Pelt Hannah , Hamilton A. Rebecca L. , Atkinson Douglas B. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Peripheral arterial line placement is a common, low-risk procedure in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Central arterial cannulation may be used when peripheral cannulation is not feasible. At present, there are limited data to guide central arterial-line site selection in pediatric patients. We aimed to (1) quantify the rate of complications associated with central arterial-line placement in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery, (2) determine risk factors associated with central arterial-line complications, and (3) describe placement trends during the last decade.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective, single-center cohort study of pediatric patients who underwent intraoperative placement of an axillary or femoral arterial line for cardiac surgery between July 1, 2012 and June 30, 2022. The primary outcome studied was the incidence of complications, defined as vascular compromise, pulse loss, ultrasound-confirmed thrombus or flow abnormality, and/or positive blood cultures not attributable to another source. Patients’ characteristics and perioperative factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis to examine the relationship between these factors and line-associated complications.

RESULTS:
A total of 1263 central arterial lines were analyzed—195 axillary arterial lines and 1068 femoral arterial lines. The overall incidences of vascular compromise and pulse loss from central arterial-line placement were 17.8% and 8.3%, respectively. Axillary lines had lower rates of vascular compromise (6.2% vs 19.9%, P < .001), pulse loss (2.1% vs 9.5%, P < .001), and ultrasound-confirmed thrombus of flow abnormalities (14.3% vs 81.1%, P = .001) than femoral lines. Complications were more common in neonates and infants. By multivariate logistic regression, femoral location (odds ratio [OR], 4.16, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.97–8.78), presence of a genetic syndrome (OR, 1.68, 95% CI, 1.21–2.34), prematurity (OR, 1.48, 95% CI, 1.02–2.15), and anesthesia time (OR, 1.17 per hour, 95% CI, 1.07–1.27 per hour) were identified as independent risk factors for vascular compromise. Femoral location (OR, 7.43, 95% CI, 2.08–26.6), presence of a genetic syndrome (OR, 1.86, 95% CI, 1.18–2.93), prematurity (OR, 1.65, 95% CI, 1.02–2.67), and 22-G catheter size (OR, 3.26, 95% CI, 1.16–9.15) were identified as independent risk factors for pulse loss.

CONCLUSIONS:
Axillary arterial access is associated with a lower rate of complications in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery as compared to femoral arterial access. Serious complications are rare and were limited to femoral arterial lines in this study.
Schlock Value and the Politics of Fiasco
Authors: Chu Julie Y. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article tracks the ways citizens in the People's Republic of China have come to manage the banality of state violence and impunity by turning common political failures into a distinctive politics of fiasco. As a mode of civilian engagement with officialdom in contemporary China, this kind of politics is a departure from the usual straightforward forms of popular resistance, as typified by the 1989 Tiananmen Square protest. Fiasco is not just any kind of failure. It is a kind of flop with performative flair, where repeated malfunctions and blunders escalate in often ludicrous and humiliating fashion to turn once earnest and serious projects in feel-bad dramas of inescapable failure. As such, this form of politics casts a renewed light on the aesthetic and affective dimensions of citizen–state struggles, especially among those that persist in confronting failures of justice under authoritarian conditions of political non-crisis.
Associations of Reallocating Sedentary Time to Physical Activity and Sleep with Physical and Mental Health of Older Adults
Authors: LIANG WEI , WANG YANPING , SU NING , SONG HUIQI , RHODES RYAN E. , WANG XIANG , SHANG BORUI , ZHOU LIN , HUANG QIAN , BU DANRAN , BAKER JULIEN S. , DUAN YANPING 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Twenty-four-hour movement behaviors: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep are crucial factors affecting older adults’ health. Using a compositional data analysis approach, this study examined the associations of time spent in these four movement behaviors with cardiometabolic health, physical fitness, and mental health among older adults. Furthermore, this study identified the estimated changes in aforementioned health outcomes by reallocating SB time to other movement behaviors.

Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study of 4562 participants (67.68 ± 5.03 yr; 55.8% female) were implemented in Hubei China between July 25 and November 19, 2020. Measures included demographics, movement behaviors, cardiometabolic indicators (body mass index, waist circumference, waist–hip ratio, percentage body fat, systolic and diastolic blood pressure), physical fitness, and mental health outcomes (depressive symptoms and loneliness). Compositional data analyses were implemented in R.

Results
MVPA and sleep time were associated with greater health outcomes (all P < 0.001), except blood pressure (P = 0.13–0.83). LPA time was associated with waist circumference (B = 0.313, P = 0.009), waist–hip ratio (B = 0.003, P = 0.003), physical fitness (B = 0.36, P < 0.001), and mental health indicators (both P < 0.001). Reallocating 30-min SB to MVPA and sleep was associated with predicated improvements in all health outcomes, except blood pressure, whereas reallocating 30-min SB to LPA resulted in predicted improvements in physical fitness (0.187 units), depressive symptoms (−0.264 units), and loneliness (−0.395 units). For dose–effect relationships, reallocating 5–60 min of SB to MVPA showed greatest benefits for all health outcomes.

Conclusions
This study provides timely empirical evidence for future interventions and policymaking on promoting healthy aging during the post–COVID-19 era. The findings underline the importance of including 24-h movement behaviors in future health promotion among older adults.
Educating on emotions for effective learning
Authors: Indellicato Rosa 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesRecent psycho-pedagogical literature has given importance to the thought-emotions relationship, which can no longer be seen in a disjunctive (aut-aut) but rather interconnected (et-et) perspective because the intellectual life of each of us is traversed by affects, feelings and relationships.Material and methodsThis contribution seeks to highlight how the didactic-educational process and the discourse on emotions for effective learning, today, cannot disregard the pedagogical relevance of a socio-emotional education universally referred to as Social Emotional Learning (SEL). Hence the need for a profound rethinking of the pedagogical vision and awareness that the affective-emotional-relational constitutes the conditio sine qua non of cognitive development.Resultsin recent decades extraordinary results have been achieved thanks to the unthinkable progress of neuroscience, which has shown how cognitive and emotional processes can be traced back to and identified with structures and functions of the human brain; one thinks of the cognitive functions, linked to the activities of the associative cerebral cortex, and of the emotional functions linked to certain centres of the limbic system, and in any case both regulated and determined by various chemical substances and by the neurotransmitter system.ConclusionsI believe that pedagogy can and should benefit from the discoveries in this field by taking on the task of understanding and enhancing the developmental capacity of the brain-mind: in this way, it is possible to plan a training strategy that uses the environment to allow the highest and best development of mental potential.