bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young adult daughters of BRCA1/2 positive mothers: What do they know about hereditary cancer and how much do they worry?
Authors: Patenaude Andrea F. , Tung Nadine , Ryan Paula D. , Ellisen Leif W. , Hewitt Larissa , Schneider Katherine A. , Tercyak Kenneth P. , Aldridge Julie , Garber Judy E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe objectives of this study are to determine (i) what daughters, ages 18–24 years, of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers understand about their 50% chance of carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation and about risk reduction or management options for mutation carriers, (ii) the extent and nature of daughters' cancer‐related distress, and (iii) the effects of knowing mother's mutation status on daughters' future plans.MethodsA total of 40 daughters, currently aged 18–24 years, of mothers who tested positive for a mutation in BRCA1/2 were invited by mail to participate (with contact information supplied by their mothers). Daughters participated in a qualitative telephone interview about the impact of learning their mother's mutation status on their understanding of their own cancer risks and their cancer‐related distress, and their knowledge of screening strategies, risk‐reducing surgery, current health status, and future plans. Participants also completed study‐specific demographic and family history questionnaires, the Brief Symptom Inventory‐18, Impact of Event Scale (with hereditary predisposition to breast/ovarian cancer as the event), and the Breast Cancer Genetic Counseling Knowledge Questionnaire.ResultsDaughters' genetic knowledge is suboptimal; gaps and misconceptions were common. Over 1/3 of the daughters reported high cancer‐related distress, despite normal levels of general distress. Disclosed genetic information raised future concerns, especially regarding childbearing.ConclusionTargeted professional attention to this high‐risk cohort of young women is critical to inform the next generation of daughters of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and encourage recommended screening by age 25 years. Improved uptake of screening and risk reduction options could improve survival, and psychoeducation could reduce cancer‐related distress. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
European Liaisons? A Study on European bi‐national Marriages in Belgium
Authors: Koelet Suzana , de Valk Helga A.G. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTEuropean bi‐national marriages as a special case of interethnic unions have received relatively little attention in research. Existing studies on interethnic marriage mainly orient on union formation among non‐western migrants and in particular intermarriages between the majority group and non‐western migrants, which are often perceived as indicators for integration. European intermarriages can nonetheless be of similar interest from the perspective of European integration and identity formation. In this article, we first study the patterns and trends in bi‐national European marriages in Belgium. Second, we analyse the diversity in bi‐nationally married couples, and third, we pinpoint the characteristics of these European couples. We use the Belgian marriage register data from 1989 to 2010 as well as the census data from 2001. Our findings show that European bi‐national marriages are still relatively limited in Belgium and that their numbers (and proportion) have remained constant over time over the past decade. There is nevertheless variety in the level of intermarriage among different nationality groups. Our analyses point to six different types of European bi‐national marriages with different characteristics of the partners and their place of residence. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancement mode InAlGaN/GaN MISHFETs with plasma‐oxidised AlOx/TiOx as gate insulator
Authors: Hahn Herwig , Behmenburg Hannes , Ketteniss Nico , Heuken Michael , Kalisch Holger , Vescan Andrei 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEnhancement mode GaN‐based devices can be realised i.a. by gate recessing or the utilisation of a thin barrier. Yet, as this concept bases upon an increase in barrier capacitance, the application of a gate dielectric causing a capacitance reduction remains as a critical issue. A charge‐free dielectric would shift the threshold voltage to negative values, eventually forming a depletion mode device. However, with an appropriate charge‐containing dielectric, the same threshold voltage as for an HFET could be maintained. Here, a metal stack consisting of Al and Ti on top of a quaternary In0.11Al0.72Ga0.17N barrier was plasma‐oxidised and is shown to form insulated‐gate devices with almost the same threshold voltage as their Schottky gate counterparts. The effects on the threshold voltage are discussed. It is shown that the transconductance improves by more than 80%, record drain current of 860 mA/mm is achieved and the dynamic behaviour dramatically improves. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cytophilic/Cytophobic Design of Nanomaterials at Biointerfaces
Authors: Sun Kang , Liu Hongliang , Wang Shutao , Jiang Lei 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTo control interactions between cells and nanomaterials has been a great challenge because numerous nanomaterials have been intensively explored in the fields of biology and medicine. However, current surface modification of nanomaterials is mainly carried out in an empirical way. Herein, a general strategy to tune the surface chemistry of nanomaterials is proposed based on cell affinity, that is, cytophilic or cytophobic. The cell affinity of nanomaterials directly affects cellular response to materials at the very early stage of cell–material interactions before other events, such as endocytosis, cell spreading, and cell differentiation, occur. In this Concept, it is suggested that there is a developing library of cytophilic and cytophobic moieties, and how the cell affinity of nanomaterials functions at biointerfaces is discussed by exemplifying several applications, namely therapy, tissue engineering, and biosensors. It is believed that control of the cytophilic/cytophobic property will be helpful in guiding the design of functional nanomaterials for their biomedical applications.
Virtual Reality Does Not Meet Expectations in a Pilot Study on Multimodal Laparoscopic Surgery Training
Authors: Nickel Felix , Bintintan Vasile V. , Gehrig Tobias , Kenngott Hannes G. , Fischer Lars , Gutt Carsten N. , Müller‐Stich Beat P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to determine the value of virtual reality (VR) training for a multimodality training program of basic laparoscopic surgery.Materials and methodsParticipants in a two‐day multimodality training for laparoscopic surgery used box trainers, live animal training, and cadaveric training on the pulsating organ perfusion (POP) trainer in a structured and standardized training program. The participants were divided into two groups. The VR group (n = 13) also practiced with VR training during the program, whereas the control group (n = 14) did not use VR training. The training modalities were assessed using questionnaires with a five‐point Likert scale after the program. Concerning VR training, members of the control group assessed their expectations, whereas the VR group assessed the actual experience of using it. Skills performance was evaluated with five standardized test tasks in a live porcine model before (pre‐test) and after (post‐test) the training program. Laparoscopic skills were measured by task completion time and a general performance score for each task. Baseline tests were compared with laparoscopic experience of all participants for construct validity of the skills test.ResultsThe expected benefit from VR training of the control group was higher than the experienced benefit of the VR group. Box and POP training received better ratings from the VR group than from the control group for some purposes. Both groups improved their skill parameters significantly from pre‐training to post‐training tests [score +17 % (P < 0.01), time −29 % (P < 0.01)]. No significant difference was found between the two groups for laparoscopic skills improvement except for the score in the instrument coordination task. Construct validity of the skills test was significant for both time and score.ConclusionsAt its current level of performance, VR training does not meet expectations. No additional benefit was observed from VR training in our multimodality training program.
Minor Constituents in Canola Oil Processed by Traditional and Minimal Refining Methods
Authors: Ghazani Saeed Mirzaee , García‐Llatas Guadalupe , Marangoni Alejandro G. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe minimal refining method described in the present study made it possible to neutralize crude canola oil with Ca(OH)2, MgO, and Na2SiO3 as alternatives to NaOH. After citric acid degumming, about 98 % of the phosphorous content was removed from crude oil. The free fatty acid content after minimal neutralization with Ca(OH)2 decreased from 0.50 to 0.03 %. Other quality parameters, such as peroxide value, anisidine value, and chlorophyll content, after traditional and minimal neutralization were within industrial acceptable levels. The use of Trisyl silica and Magnesol R60 made it feasible to remove the hot‐water washing step and decreased the amount of residual soap to <10 mg/kg oil. There were no significant changes in chemical characteristics of canola oil after using wet and dry bleaching methods. During traditional neutralization, the total tocopherol loss was 19.6 %, while minimal refining with Ca(OH)2, MgO, and Na2SiO3 resulted in 7.0, 2.6, and 0.9 % reductions in total tocopherols. Traditional refining removed 23.6 % of total free sterols, while after minimal refining free sterols content did not change. Both traditional and minimal refining resulted in almost complete removal of polyphenols from canola oil. Total phytosterols and tocopherols in two cold‐pressed canola oils were 774 and 836 mg/100 g, and 366 and 354 mg/kg, respectively. The minimal refining method described in the present study was a new practical approach to remove undesirable components from crude canola oil meeting commercial refining standards while preserving more healthy minor components.
VAST: An ASKAP Survey for Variables and Slow Transients
Authors: MURPHY TARA , CHATTERJEE SHAMI , KAPLAN DAVID L. , BANYER JAY , BELL MARTIN E. , BIGNALL HAYLEY E. , BOWER GEOFFREY C. , CAMERON ROBERT A. , COWARD DAVID M. , CORDES JAMES M. , CROFT STEVE , CURRAN JAMES R. , DJORGOVSKI S. G. , FARRELL SEAN A. , FRAIL DALE A. , GAENSLER B. M. , GALLOWAY DUNCAN K. , GENDRE BRUCE , GREEN ANNE J. , HANCOCK PAUL J. , JOHNSTON SIMON , KAMBLE ATISH , LAW CASEY J. , LAZIO T. JOSEPH W. , LO KITTY K. , MACQUART JEAN-PIERRE , REA NANDA , REBBAPRAGADA UMAA , REYNOLDS CORMAC , RYDER STUART D. , SCHMIDT BRIAN , SORIA ROBERTO , STAIRS INGRID H. , TINGAY STEVEN J. , TORKELSSON ULF , WAGSTAFF KIRI , WALKER MARK , WAYTH RANDALL B. , WILLIAMS PETER K. G. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) will give us an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the transient sky at radio wavelengths. In this paper we present VAST, an ASKAP survey for Variables and Slow Transients. VAST will exploit the wide-field survey capabilities of ASKAP to enable the discovery and investigation of variable and transient phenomena from the local to the cosmological, including flare stars, intermittent pulsars, X-ray binaries, magnetars, extreme scattering events, interstellar scintillation, radio supernovae, and orphan afterglows of gamma-ray bursts. In addition, it will allow us to probe unexplored regions of parameter space where new classes of transient sources may be detected. In this paper we review the known radio transient and variable populations and the current results from blind radio surveys. We outline a comprehensive program based on a multi-tiered survey strategy to characterise the radio transient sky through detection and monitoring of transient and variable sources on the ASKAP imaging timescales of 5 s and greater. We also present an analysis of the expected source populations that we will be able to detect with VAST.
Unraveling the signaling pathways promoting fibrosis in Dupuytren's disease reveals TNF as a therapeutic target
Authors: Verjee Liaquat S. , Verhoekx Jennifer S. N. , Chan James K. K. , Krausgruber Thomas , Nicolaidou Vicky , Izadi David , Davidson Dominique , Feldmann Marc , Midwood Kim S. , Nanchahal Jagdeep 
Published: February 2013

Significance
Fibrosis, a hallmark of many clinical disorders, occurs because of uncontrolled myofibroblast activity. We studied Dupuytren's disease, a common hereditable fibrotic condition that causes the fingers to irreversibly curl toward the palm. We found that freshly isolated tissue from Dupuytren's patients contained macrophages and released proinflammatory protein mediators (cytokines). Of the cytokines, only TNF selectively converted normal fibroblasts from the palm of patients with Dupuytren's disease into myofibroblasts via activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Conversely, blockade of TNF resulted in reversal of the myofibroblast phenotype. Therefore, TNF inhibition may prevent progression or recurrence of Dupuytren's disease.
Delayed Hooking Mortality of Blue Catfish Caught on Juglines
Authors: Schmitt Joseph D. , Shoup Daniel E. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Growing interest in catfish angling, particularly for trophy-sized fish, has resulted in new regulations that limit the harvest of large Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus in several states. For these regulations to be effective, released fish must survive to further contribute to the fishery, either through reproduction or subsequent recapture. We investigated the effect of capture depth, hook type, water temperature, and fish size on the delayed hooking mortality of Blue Catfish caught on juglines. Blue Catfish (N = 559) were caught from three Oklahoma reservoirs with either 5/0 circle hooks or J-hooks fished for 24-h sets. One experimental fish (captured via jugline) and one control fish (captured via low-frequency electrofishing) were then placed in field enclosures (N = 25) and monitored for mortality after 72 h. Mean mortality was low at 8.50% (range, 0.00–37.50%; SE, 1.81%). Mortality decreased significantly with decreasing water temperatures (P &lt; 0.01; odds ratio 1.1). Mortality was highest (mean = 25.31%) at water temperatures &gt;20°C and decreased to 3.89% in water temperatures &lt;20°C. We observed 0% mortality in water temperatures &lt;14°C. Hook type did not significantly affect mortality, nor did the depth in the water column where the fish was hooked. For every 100-mm increase in total length, fish were six times less likely to die (odds ratio 0.17). Mean mortality for preferred-size fish was low at 2.50%, and no mortalities were observed for memorable or trophy-size fish. These results suggest that length regulations limiting the harvest of preferred-size or larger fish should be effective as a large proportion of released fish should survive to further contribute to the fishery.
Received July 23, 2012; accepted November 28, 2012
Arabidopsis CSN5B Interacts with VTC1 and Modulates Ascorbic Acid Synthesis
Authors: Wang Juan , Yu Yanwen , Zhang Zhijin , Quan Ruidang , Zhang Haiwen , Ma Ligeng , Deng Xing Wang , Huang Rongfeng 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Light regulates ascorbic acid (AsA) synthesis, which increases in the light, presumably reflecting a need for antioxidants to detoxify reactive molecules produced during photosynthesis. Here, we examine this regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana and find that alterations in the protein levels of the AsA biosynthetic enzyme GDP-Man pyrophosphorylase (VTC1) are associated with changes in AsA contents in light and darkness. To find regulatory factors involved in AsA synthesis, we identified VTC1-interacting proteins by yeast two-hybrid screening of a cDNA library from etiolated seedlings. This screen identified the photomorphogenic factor COP9 signalosome subunit 5B (CSN5B), which interacted with the N terminus of VTC1 in yeast and plants. Gel filtration profiling showed that VTC1-CSN5B also associated with the COP9 signalosome complex, and this interaction promotes ubiquitination-dependent VTC1 degradation through the 26S proteasome pathway. Consistent with this, csn5b mutants showed very high AsA levels in both light and darkness. Also, a double mutant of csn5b with the partial loss-of-function mutant vtc1-1 contained AsA levels between those of vtc1-1 and csn5b, showing that CSN5B modulates AsA synthesis by affecting VTC1. In addition, the csn5b mutant showed higher tolerance to salt, indicating that CSN5B regulation of AsA synthesis affects the response to salt stress. Together, our data reveal a regulatory role of CSN5B in light-dark regulation of AsA synthesis.
Japanese patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis show distinct personality profiles
Authors: Takahashi Hidetoshi , Tsuji Hitomi , Honma Masaru , Shibaki Hikaru , Nakamura Satoshi , Hashimoto Yoshio , Takahashi Michinari , Koike Katsuya , Takei Akira , Ishida‐Yamamoto Akemi , Iizuka Hajime 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPersonality and emotional factors are supposed to influence the course of skin diseases, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Few reports exist, however, showing distinct personality traits among patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. The aim of the present study was to examine personality differences among psoriasis patients, atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls in Japan. A total number of 51 psoriasis patients, 97 atopic dermatitis patients and 48 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Questionnaires of Yatabe–Guilford Personality Inventory were administered individually. These groups were evaluated by 12 dimensions of temperaments. According to the dimension scores, personality was defined as five groups. Atopic dermatitis patients showed significantly higher scores regarding temperaments of depression, feelings of inferiority, nervousness and lack of objectivity than psoriasis patients. Regarding a temperament of cyclic tendency and lack of cooperativeness, female atopic dermatitis patients showed significantly higher scores than female psoriasis patients. Regarding general activity, female atopic dermatitis patients showed significantly lower scores than those of female psoriasis patients. No significant difference in scores of temperaments of lack of agreeableness, rhathymia, thinking extraversion, ascendance and social extraversion were detected among psoriasis patients, atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. The personalities of male psoriasis patients were significantly different from those of atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. Female psoriasis patients showed a significantly different personality profile from that of atopic dermatitis patients, but not from healthy controls. Japanese psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patients show distinct personality profiles suggesting that specific a psychosomatic approach may be required during the treatment.
Keratoacanthoma and other types of squamous cell carcinoma with crateriform architecture: Classification and identification
Authors: Misago Noriyuki , Inoue Takuya , Koba Shinichi , Narisawa Yutaka 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe terminology and classification of keratoacanthoma (KA) and other types of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with crateriform architecture have not been clarified. The study evaluated the clinicopathological features of 41 nodular (exo‐endophytic) SCC lesions with a central keratin‐filled crater, including KA (well‐developed stage). The lesions were histopathologically classified into six categories: (i) KA (well‐developed stage) (27 lesions); (ii) KA‐like SCC (three lesions); (iii) KA with malignant transformation (three lesions); (iv) infundibular SCC (crateriform) (four lesions); (v) crateriform SCC arisen from actinic keratosis (three lesions); and (vi) crateriform Bowen's disease (one lesion). The true characteristics of KA‐like SCC remain unresolved, but there are three possibilities, namely, that it is one step in the evolution of KA, it is a borderline lesion between KA and invasive SCC, or it is one form of “KA with malignant transformation”. KA, KA‐like SCC, KA with malignant transformation and infundibular SCC (crater form) are considered to be hair follicle‐related neoplasms. In contrast, crateriform SCC arisen from actinic keratosis and crateriform Bowen's disease are SCC, which are not related either to the hair follicles or KA. From an etiological standpoint, the presented lesions in these six categories are considered to be mixed up due to the similarity of crateriform architecture between the various types of lesions. However, the information provided in this report is intended to help physicians to make an accurate differential diagnosis of these conditions in clinical practice. The present study provides an opportunity to standardize the terminology for KA and related neoplasms.
Linking plant and insect traits to understand multitrophic community structure in arid steppes
Authors: Frenette‐Dussault Cédric , Shipley Bill , Hingrat Yves 
Published: February 2013

Summary

Animal ecology could benefit from a well‐defined trait‐based framework, mostly applied in plant ecology, to further develop predictions of animal communities under various environmental conditions. We extended the functional approach to a multitrophic system by combining plant and ant traits in relation to environmental conditions to study the relationships between these three components.
We sampled plant and ant abundances along an aridity gradient in grazed and ungrazed conditions in the arid steppes of eastern Morocco. We measured five plant functional traits related to water stress and grazing resistance and six ant functional traits related to body size, dispersal and behaviour. We related each component (environment, vegetation and ants) using Mantel partial correlations to uncover the causal structure between components and using a fourth‐corner analysis to describe the effects of the environment and vegetation on ant communities.
Results indicated that vegetation had a direct effect on ant community composition while the environment only had an indirect effect on ant community composition through vegetation structure. This result was consistent when looking at both the taxonomic and functional composition of communities, but correlations were stronger when based on taxonomic composition. Aridity was the variable most significantly linked with ant functional traits
Synthesis. The use of functional traits in animal ecology is relatively new, and an increase in trait‐based community ecology studies that include more than one trophic level would be beneficial in identifying trait‐based patterns in multitrophic communities. This new approach could become very useful in identifying mechanistic explanations of multitrophic community assembly and making predictions about their evolution under changing environmental conditions. It could also be of practical use in conservation biology in assessing habitat quality.