bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh ekstrakurikuler kepramukaan terhadap kedisiplinan peserta didik sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Laweyan
Authors: Nugraheni Fauziah , Riyadi Riyadi , Ardiansyah Roy 
Published: August 2024

One of the factors that affect student discipline is the habituation to be disciplined. Schools can apply or instill discipline habituation through extracurricular activities. Scout extracurricular is one of the activities that can support character education and the formation of children's discipline. Scouts have a very important role in the process of character building, values, discipline and responsibility in accordance with article 3 of Law No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System (National Education System). The research was carried out at SDN Mangkubumen Kidul No 16 Surakarta as an instrument trial, SDN Mangkubumen Lor No 15 Surakarta, SDN Bratan 2, and SDN Bratan 3 in January 2023 – January 2024. The research approach used is a quantitative approach in the form of an associative problem formulation of causal relationships. The sampling technique in this study uses probability sampling, namely Cluster random sampling. The data collection technique uses a Likert scale questionnaire with closed statements. The instrument validity test in this study uses content validity with the Gregory formula and reliability test using the Alpha Cronbach formula. The normality test in this study used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the linearity test using the test of linearity. The hypothesis testing techniques used in this study are simple regression analysis including correlation analysis, meaningfulness test, and coefficient of determination. The result of the correlation coefficient between extracurricular scouting and student discipline is 0.635 and is classified as a strong correlation. The results of the significance test obtained &gt; results so that it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence between extracurricular scouting on student discipline and the contribution of scouting extracurricular influence on student discipline by 40.3% while 59.7% is influenced by other factors that were not studied in this study.
EXCHANGE RATES AND STOCK MARKET DYNAMICS: ISLAMIC VERSUS CONVENTIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Alshater Muneer M. 
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the changes and persistence in dynamic connectedness between stock market performance and exchange rate fluctuations, comparing conventional and Islamic financial systems. With an eye on a global financial landscape characterized by the integration of capital markets and the adoption of floating exchange rate regimes, it examines the effects of exchange rate variations on the dynamics of the stock market in nine different countries - the United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, Singapore, Canada, China, India, Korea, and South Africa. The study employs daily data spanning from November 2015 to July 2023 and uses a comprehensive analysis of three-step methodology, including nonparametric causality-in-quantiles tests, asymmetric slope Conditional Autoregressive Valueat-Risk (CAViaR), and Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregressive (TVP-VAR) Connectedness measure. Our results underline the asymmetric impact of exchange rate fluctuations on stock markets and highlights the distinctive characteristics of Islamic financial markets. Comparing Islamic and conventional stock markets in the context of exchange rate fluctuations, this study not only serves to fill a gap in the existing literature but also emphasizes the significance of currency exchange rate swings for global investors, policymakers, and practitioners trying to understand the intricacies of global financial markets.
Evaluation of a Rapid Diagnostic Tool to Estimate Geometry Evolution of Multiple Simultaneously Propagating Fractures from Crosswell Fiber-Optic Strain Measurements
Authors: Leggett Smith , Chen Ming 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Crosswell low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LF-DAS) strain rate measurements generate data useful for hydraulic fracture (HF) diagnostics. These data contain information about HF geometry; however, interpreting the data has relied on time-consuming and computationally expensive numerical interpretation methods. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of a rapid diagnostic tool, known as the “zero strain rate location method” (ZSRLM), for characterizing the geometry of multiple fractures propagating simultaneously.
Simulations of multiple fracture propagation are conducted using a planar 3D multifracture simulator that incorporates 3D rock deformation, fluid flow in the wellbore, fluid leakoff, and multiscale fracture propagation regimes. A supertimestepping algorithm is used to solve the nonlinear parabolic equations governing fluid-driven fractures. The far-field strain profile induced by multiple propagating fractures along a crosswell fiber-optic cable is computed using the displacement discontinuity method (DMM). Various scenarios are simulated by adjusting key completion parameters, including the number of clusters, cluster spacing, in-situ stress states, and geomechanical properties. The ZSRLM is then applied to the computed strain field to estimate fracture extents and propagation rates. The accuracy of the ZSRLM is assessed by comparing the estimated fracture geometry parameters with the known simulated values.
Our observations indicate that the ZSRLM is not effective when two or more fractures approach the observation well at similar times, as it becomes challenging to discern unique strain-rate converging patterns on waterfall plots for each fracture. However, when fracture arrivals at the monitor well are offset, distinct strain rate patterns emerge, enabling the application of the ZSRLM. Errors between simulated and estimated fracture extent propagation rates are quantified. Finally, the ZSRLM is applied to a field case involving multicluster fracture propagation, and the interpretation of the results is discussed in light of these findings.
This research demonstrates the applicability of the ZSRLM for diagnosing the velocities and final extents of multiple fractures propagating simultaneously. The method offers a rapid means of characterizing stimulations using crosswell LF-DAS measurements, which can inform decisions regarding completion design, well spacing, and landing zone. The study contributes to the advancement of efficient fracture diagnostics in the industry, reducing the reliance on numerical interpretation methods.
Enhancing Real-World Data Extraction in Clinical Research: Evaluating the Impact of the Implementation of Large Language Models in Hospital Settings
Authors: Wang Bin , Lai Junkai , Cao Han , Jin Feifei , Li Qiang , Tang Mingkun , Yao Chen , Zhang Ping 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aims to assess the feasibility and impact of the implementation of the ChatGLM for real-world data (RWD) extraction in hospital settings. The primary focus of this research is on the effectiveness of ChatGLM-driven data extraction compared with that of manual processes associated with the electronic source data repository (ESDR) system.
Methods and results
The researchers developed the ESDR system, which integrates ChatGLM, electronic case report forms (eCRFs) and electronic health records (EHRs). The LLaMA (Large Language Model Meta AI) model was also deployed to compare the extraction accuracy of ChatGLM in free-text forms. A single-center retrospective cohort study served as a pilot case. Five eCRF forms of 63 subjects, including free-text forms and discharge medication, were evaluated.
Results
Data collection involved electronic medical and prescription records collected from 13 departments. The ChatGLM-assisted process was associated with an estimated efficiency improvement of 80.7% in the eCRF data transcription time. The initial manual input accuracy for free-text forms was 99.59%, the ChatGLM data extraction accuracy was 77.13%, and the LLaMA data extraction accuracy was 43.86%. The challenges associated with the use of ChatGLM focus on prompt design, prompt output consistency, prompt output verification, and integration with hospital information systems.
Conclusion
The main contribution of this study is to validate the use of ESDR tools to address the interoperability and transparency challenges of using ChatGLM for RWD extraction in Chinese hospital settings.
Hybrid polyimide foams with hyperbranched organosilicon for high-temperature sound absorption
Authors: Xu Yang , Bo Luwei , Wang Yandong , Xu Haocheng , Jiang Xiaolin , Wei Zhaobo , Xi Kai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Lightweight and flexible polyimide foams (PIFs) with superior thermal and acoustic properties were high demand for advanced aerospace and industrial machinery, however, traditional foams could not offer both satisfactory acoustic and thermal insulation simultaneously. In this study, we successfully developed a new class of flexible PIFs by incorporating hyperbranched polysiloxanes (NH2-HBPSi) into ammonium salt oligomer (PAES) through a thermal foaming process. The complex viscosity, micro-foaming behavior of PAES and cell morphology of the resulting PIFs could be precisely controlled by tuning the ratio of NH2-HBPSi/ODA. Significantly, PIFHBPSi-4, a PIF with a NH2-HBPSi loading of 33.3% and exceptional thermal property (T5% exceeded 480 ℃), exhibited a compressive strength of 149 kPa at room temperature (over 100 times higher than commercial PIFs) and a Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) of 0.375, which is substantially improved compared to previously reported polyimide composites. Additionally, NH2-HBPSi could form a dense oxide layer at high temperature, impeding the transmission of heat. This allowed PIFHBPSi-4 to withstand a 10-minute exposure to high heat flux of 50 kW/m2 without any significant erosion. These lightweight, flexible, thermally resistant, and acoustically superior hybrid PIFs had the potential to revolutionize applications in high-tech fields like aerospace, acoustics, and aviation.
Blending of slow-release N fertilizer and urea improve rainfed maize yield, nitrogen use efficiency while reducing apparent N loss
Authors: Guo Jinjin , Yang Hanran , Yuan Yong , Yin Pengzhou , Zhang Nv , Lin Zhizhao , Ma Qichang , Yang Qiliang , Liu Xiaogang , Wang Haidong , Zhang Fucang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Effective nitrogen (N) management practices are essential for achieving efficient and sustainable agricultural production. The purpose of this study was to improve N use efficiency (NUE) and minimize N loss by optimizing the rate and type of N fertilizer application, while maintaining high yield of maize.
Methods
A two-year field experiment with U (urea), S (slow-release N fertilizer), and SU (Blending of S and U) under four N application levels (N1: 90 kg ha-1, N2: 120 kg ha-1, N3: 180 kg ha-1, N4: 240 kg ha-1) was conducted to investigate their effects on ammonia (NH3) volatilization, residual soil nitrate N (NO3−-N), yield, NUE, apparent N loss of rainfed maize.
Results
NH3 volatilization in SU and S were 38.46% and 16.57% lower than that in U, respectively. SU and S were found to reduce the apparent N loss by 42.98% and 62.23%. SU decreased NO3−-N leaching in deep soil, and increased NO3−-N content in topsoil. Compared with U and S, SU significantly increased yield, plant N accumulation and NUE. SUN4 achieved the maximum maize yield and plant N accumulation, averaging 7968.36 kg ha-1 and 166.45 kg ha-1. In addition, mixing ratio of U and S was 53%-58%, which was the best ratio for high yield and NUE. Meanwhile, N fertilization with 150-220 kg ha-1 can keep high yield and NUE.
Conclusion
The findings highlight SU effectively reduced N application rate and was an optimized N fertilization strategy for high yield and N efficient utilization of rainfed maize.
Tripartite W-States and LOCC Marvel: Quantum Communication's Dynamic Duo
Authors: Aman Muhammad , Khan Mansoor Ali , Ullah Najeeb , Sikdar Biplab 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Central to the transformative endeavor of quantum communication are entangled states, the fundamental building blocks that ensure data security through unassailable encryption. The tripartite entangled W-state stands out for its high degree of entanglement and resilience against decoherence, making it a key player in this domain. Despite its importance, there is a scarcity of simulation prototypes or experimental proofs demonstrating its effectiveness in practical applications. Additionally, the correlation/fusion of W-states with Local Operations and Classical Communication (LOCC) protocols to enhance communication efficiency has not been extensively explored. Optimizing W-state-based communication protocols for diverse applications, especially splitting and sharing of quantum information, remains an active research area. The pivotal aspect of our research is the integration of perfect W-states with LOCC, creating a synergy that significantly boosts the effectiveness and security of quantum communication systems. We propose a prototype/protocol for quantum information sharing and splitting (QISS) using LOCC by experimentally creating and controlling the W-states. We also delve into generating and utilizing tripartite W-states via quantum circuits, underscoring their applications in quantum computing, error correction, and secure data transmission. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed protocol are quantified using quantum state tomography. Employing superconducting qubits (Eagle r3 processor), our results demonstrate a fidelity of 0.82 ± 0.02 for the W-state circuit and 0.55 ± 0.03 for the combined W-state + LOCC in QISS communication process, under controlled experimental conditions. These findings have significant implications for the development of secure communication systems. Furthermore, our work paves the way for future research into scalable quantum networks and advanced quantum encryption methods, marking a substantial stride in the realm of quantum communication.
Applicants Selection Process for Orthodontic Programs in Saudi Arabia: Survey of Program Directors
Authors: Alsaeed Suliman , Albakran Ghadah , Albarrak Shug , Alnamnakani Eman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In recent years, Saudi Arabia has experienced a noteworthy increase in the annual influx of dentistry graduates, prompting expectations of a corresponding rise in postgraduate study applications. Consequently, postgraduate program directors find themselves compelled to continually refine their selection criteria, utilizing a combination of objective and subjective measures. Limited research exists on the selection process for orthodontic programs, with no studies conducted to investigate this process in Saudi Arabia. The study aims to describe the applicant selection criteria for orthodontic specialty programs in Saudi Arabia, offering insights from the perspective of orthodontic program directors.
Method:
The research surveyed orthodontic program directors in Saudi Arabia on general program information, details obtained from applications, the interview process, the decision-making process, a retrospective view of currently accepted applicants and the criteria used for selection, and demographic information of program directors. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed via Google Forms. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics and ranking.
Results:
Most programs were hospital-based (75%), primarily in central and western regions. Interview ratings, class rank, and recommendation letters were top factors, with research experience and clinical attachment also crucial. Interviews were mandatory, often lasting 15 minutes. Positive characteristics included maturity, attire, and analytical thinking. Selection committees, including program directors and faculty, played a vital role in admitting applicants.
Conclusion:
This study provides valuable insights for dentists aspiring to apply for the Saudi Board of Orthodontics. Understanding the selection criteria, prioritizing training in the desired orthodontic department, and emphasizing research in orthodontics enhance applicants' chances. The findings aim to improve the transparency and fairness of the selection process, ultimately strengthening orthodontic education in the country.
Enhanced Forecasting of Rice Price and Production in Malaysia Using Novel Multivariate Fuzzy Time Series Models
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Aamir Muhammad , Abdullah Saleem , Norrulashikin Siti Mariam , Albalawi Olayan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A significant portion of the world's population relies on rice as a primary source of nutrition. In Malaysia, rice production began in the early 1960s, which led to the cultivation of the country's most significant food crop up till the present day. Research on various aspects of the price and production of rice has been done by various methods in the past. In this study, we have adopted novel multivariate fuzzy time series models (MFTS) i.e fuzzy vector autoregressive models (FVAR) alongside conventional vector autoregressive model (VAR) for assessing rice price and production using a dataset from the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MERDI). The proposed method(s) especially with the usage of Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers (TrFNs) have commendable accuracy with great future forecasts over the VAR model. The model selection was made by the least MAPE with the corresponding highest Relative Efficiency as criteria. The proposed method(s) possess the potential to help local farmers and stakeholders in the expansion of their businesses to the local Malaysian market as well as improving the exports worldwide, which will lead to prosperity and betterment in the country.
Understanding the Lived Experience of Female Caregivers of Loved Ones with Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Anderson Trista Michelle 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experience of females providing care to a loved one with glioblastoma, a highly aggressive form of brain cancer. Previous research demonstrated that caregivers providing care to a loved one with an aggressive form of cancer are at a higher risk for caregiver burden.
Methods
A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted utilizing Giorgi’s method of phenomenological inquiry to analyze the data. Six female participants were interviewed regarding their experience as a caregiver to a loved one diagnosed with glioblastoma.
Results
Seven themes emerged that described the lived experience of the caregivers: life before diagnosis, day of diagnosis, life after diagnosis, challenges of caregiving, things that were helpful and comforting, looking back – what was needed, and lasting effects.
Conclusion
The lived experience of female glioblastoma caregivers is unique and different from the experience of caregivers of patients with other cancers.
Preparation and application of Dahlia protoplast
Authors: Zhou Jing , Yang Dong , Zhou NingNing , Tian YangBo , Tian Zhen , Duan Qing , Ahmed Mohamed A.A. , Wang LiHua , Wu Xuewei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Dahlia (Dahlia sp.), a species of the Asteraceae family, is widely cultivated in China and exhibits seasonal blooming. The main challenges associated with this species are low cross-breeding efficiency and slow breeding. In this study, dahlia leaves and petals were employed as test materials to ascertain the optimal conditions for protoplast isolation, to refine the critical factors for transient transformation, and to develop a system for the isolation, purification and utilisation of dahlia protoplasts. The best procedure for isolation of dahlia leaves protoplasts was 4°C dark pretreatment for 12 h + 1.0% cellulase + 0.5% macerozyme + 0.4% pectinase + enzyme digestion time for 4 h + 0.8 mol/L mannitol, with a maximum yield of 6.13 × 106 protoplasts/mL and a maximum viability of 89.23%; and the best procedure for dahlia petal protoplasts was 1.0% cellulase + 0.5% macerozyme + 0.4% pectinase + enzyme digestion time 10 h + 1.0 mol/L mannitol, with a maximum yield of 5.46 × 106 protoplasts/mL and a maximum viability of 88.83%. The pGBin-EGFP vector was used to assess transient transformation rates in leaves and petals protoplasts. The rates exhibited considerable variation across the samples, with values ranging from 32.57–60.67%. The optimal conditions for gene transfer in dahlia protoplast were identified as 50 ng/µL plasmid, 20% PEG, and a 20-minute transformation time.
In vitro seed germination and protocorm development of Eulophia graminea Lindl. (Orchidaceae).
Authors: TOKUHARA KEN , Sato Hiroyuki , Abe Atsushi , Mii Masahiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Effects of various factors on seed germination and subsequent protocorm growth of Eulophia graminea, an endangered terrestrial orchid species native to Japan, were examined using New Dogashima medium without applying plant growth regulators and natural ingredients. For the culture, aseptic mature seeds collected from undehiscent pods were used throughout of the study, and New Dogashima medium supplemented with 29.2 mM sucrose and 8 g/L agar was used as standard medium. For examining the effect of calcium hypochlorite on seed germination, the seeds were pre-treated for 0–60 min with the solution containing 1% available chlorine and cultured on standard medium. The effects of other factors were examined using the seeds without calcium hypochlorite pretreatment. The effects of culture temperature on seed germination and subsequent growth were examined at the temperature range of 15–35°C. Optimum sucrose concentration and suitable kind of carbohydrate were examined using 0-175.3 mM of sucrose and 29.2 mM of sucrose, maltose, trehalose and glucose, respectively. As the results, germination rate increased with increase in the treatment duration of calcium hypochlorite solution and the maximum germination rate was 85.8% at 60 min treatment. Optimum sucrose concentrations for seed germination were 29.2–58.4 mM, which gave low germination rates (7–8%). Among the four kinds of carbohydrates tested, trehalose gave the highest germination rate (26.8%). On the effect of temperatures, both the highest germination rate and subsequent growth with shoot development were obtained at 30°C. Direct shoot development from protocorm without forming rhizome was shown at this high temperature.
Experimental study on the enhancement of extraction and mass transfer characteristics of the kerosene-acetic acid-water system using impinging stream reactor
Authors: Zhang Jianwei , Xin QIN , Xin DONG , Ying FENG , Ziyu HE , Haoming ZHANG 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The impinging stream technology is used to extract kerosene-acetic acid-water system. The effects of different structural parameters and operating conditions on the extraction efficiency and mass transfer coefficient of liquid-liquid extraction in the impinging stream reactor are studied. The results show that the extraction efficiency firstly increases and then decreases with the increase of nozzle diameter D, nozzle spacing L, impact chamber height H, acetic acid concentration ψ and inlet velocity u. The mass transfer coefficient firstly increases and then decreases with the increase of nozzle spacing, acetic acid concentration and inlet velocity, increases with the increase of nozzle diameter and decreases with the increase of impact chamber height. A dimensionless correlation is established to accurately predict the mass transfer coefficient in the impinging stream reactor. The process parameters (inlet velocity, nozzle spacing and nozzle diameter) are optimized for the extraction efficiency using response surface methodology (RSM). The order of influence of each factor on the extraction efficiency is as follows: inlet velocity > nozzle spacing > nozzle diameter. The optimal operating conditions are obtained: inlet velocity u = 2.56m/s, nozzle diameter D = 4mm, nozzle spacing L/D = 2, and the extraction efficiency is 91.27%, which is 10% higher than that of traditional stirring equipment.