bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Post Living Donor Liver Transplant Egyptian Recipients: Single Center Study
Authors: Khalil Dabbous Hany Mansour , El-Sayed Enaam Ali , Abdel All Nada Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
For more than two decades, liver transplantation (LT) has been accepted as the most effective treatment for end-stage liver disease. However, complications following LT significantly affect the quality of life in long-term survival and metabolic syndrome (MS) is now considered to be the most common long-term complication after LT and has been increasing recently with an incidence of 50-60%.

Aim of the Study
To identify both pre-transplant and post-transplant risk factors which contribute to post-transplant MS (PTMS) among Egyptian recipients.

Methods
This study is retrospective prospective descriptive in nature. It was held at the Ain Shams Center for Organ Transplant (ASCOT), Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital with a total of 233 adult Egyptian patients who underwent living donor liver transplant (LDLT) from January 2010 through December 2020 were enrolled. Their data were extracted in detail from the medical records and were retrospectively analyzed.

Results
Our study has demonstrated that the recipient’s age (being old age), the presence of pre-transplant DM, the recipient being overweight prior to transplant, and the etiology of liver disease that served as an indication for liver transplant, especially cryptogenic cirrhosis, as well as the use of immunosuppressive drugs, mTOR inhibitors, in particular, were all strongly associated with the development of PTMS. However, only the presence of pre-transplant DM, the recipient being overweight prior to transplant, and the use of immunosuppressive drugs, mTOR inhibitors (Everolimus/Sirolimus), in particular, were considered independent risk factors of PTMS.

Conclusion
Early recognition and modification of risk factors of metabolic syndrome -if modifiable- would facilitate prevention of PTMS, which may reduce its prevalence among transplanted patients.
Evaluation of the Role of Serum Calprotectin in the Follow Up of Egyptian Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Hamed Waleed Abdelaaty , Alfattah Shamkh Mostafa Abd , Sadek Ibrahim Metwally 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) describes disorders in which the intestines be inflamed. It has often been thought that they are due to an autoimmune disease. Two major types of IBD are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). UC is limited to the colon. CD can involve every part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus.

Objective
To compare between serum and faecal calprotectin regarding their role in follow up of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Patients and Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 25 patients admitted to Tropical medicine department, Ain Shams University Hospitals.

Results
Calprotectin is highly resistant to proteolysis and can hold in the stool sample for up to 7 days at room temperature. Higher levels of serum calprotectin were linked to a severe inflammatory state in the colon as well as significant clinical symptoms in UC patients. Also, serum calprotectin, CRP, and ESR levels were compared to IBD activity and it was detected that serum calprotectin levels had more sensitivity and specificity than CRP and ESR in identifying IBD activity. Serum calprotectin levels in patients with IBD activity either UC or CD groups, were considerably more than in remission. SC and FC levels were higher levels in clinically active IBD comparing with inactive IBD.

Conclusion
Serum calprotectin levels are higher in patients with IBD and are related to clinical activity. High serum calprotectin levels can distinguish between patients who are clinically active and those who are in remission in both UC and CD groups. Our findings show that serum calprotectin may be a promising simple diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for IBD however more research is needed to reach a judgment in this regard.
Thriving Together: An Innovative Approach to Cultivating Wellness, Emotional Health, and Lifelong Success in Graduate Nursing Students
Authors: Snow Amy C. , Ledbetter Maria D. , Greenway Mary E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rigors of graduate nursing education create significant stress for nurse anesthesia students. The taxing background of an intensive care nurse, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, compounds the inherent pressures of doctoral study. Students often experience symptoms of burnout, complicating their ability to learn and retain critical information. We created the Thrive initiative to encourage the development of emotional wellness. Thrive’s success is attributed to the blend of relevant information including emotional intelligence skills and racial sensitivity support, engaged student participation, and the desire to help the next generation of graduate nurses develop sustainable emotional health.
Portable spirometer-based pulmonary function test willingness in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study from the “Happy Breathing Program”
Authors: Qi Weiran , Huang Ke , Chen Qiushi , Jiao Lirui , Yu Fengyun , Yu Yiwen , Niu Hongtao , Li Wei , Fang Fang , Lei Jieping , Chu Xu , Li Zilin , Geldsetzer Pascal , Bärnighausen Till , Chen Simiao , Yang Ting , Wang Chen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground:Understanding willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and the factors associated with poor uptake of PFTs is crucial for improving early detection and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to understand willingness to undergo PFTs among high-risk populations and identify any barriers that may contribute to low uptake of PFTs.Methods:We collected data from participants in the “Happy Breathing Program” in China. Participants who did not follow physicians’ recommendations to undergo PFTs were invited to complete a survey regarding their willingness to undergo PFTs and their reasons for not undergoing PFTs. We estimated the proportion of participants who were willing to undergo PFTs and examined the various reasons for participants to not undergo PFTs. We conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions to analyze the impact of individual-level factors on willingness to undergo PFTs.Results:A total of 8475 participants who had completed the survey on willingness to undergo PFTs were included in this study. Out of these participants, 7660 (90.4%) were willing to undergo PFTs. Among those who were willing to undergo PFTs but actually did not, the main reasons for not doing so were geographical inaccessibility (n = 3304, 43.1%) and a lack of trust in primary healthcare institutions (n = 2809, 36.7%). Among the 815 participants who were unwilling to undergo PFTs, over half (n = 447, 54.8%) believed that they did not have health problems and would only consider PFTs when they felt unwell. In the multivariable regression, individuals who were ≤54 years old, residing in rural townships, with a secondary educational level, with medical reimbursement, still working, with occupational exposure to dust, and aware of the abbreviation “COPD” were more willing to undergo PFTs.Conclusions:Willingness to undergo PFTs was high among high-risk populations. Policymakers may consider implementing strategies such as providing financial incentives, promoting education, and establishing community-based programs to enhance the utilization of PFTs.
Could soluble ST2 levels be used to detect nondipper hypertensive subgroup in newly diagnosed hypertension patients
Authors: Ozdemir Emrah , Stavileci Berna , Ozdemir Bahar , Aksoy Faik Alper , Colakoglu Gevher Ceyla Zeynep , Dogan Ali , Ziyrek Murat 
Published: July 2024

Aim
ST2 receptor is a member of toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor family. After the activation of IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway clinically detectable amount of soluble form of ST2 (sST2) is released into the circulation. Previous studies showed that sST2 levels were significantly higher in hypertension patients than in controls. In this prospective study, we aimed to analyze this relation and test the predictive accuracy of the sST2 level in diagnosis of nondipping hypertension in newly diagnosed hypertension patients.

Methods
Three hundred thirty-seven patients (150 normal, 187 hypertension) who presented with symptoms of hypertension were included in the study. All patients underwent 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and sST2 measurement.

Results
Of 187 hypertension patients, 92 of them had nondipping and 95 of them had dipping pattern. sST2 level was significantly higher in nondipping group compared to dipping group and control group (40.79 ± 7.77 vs. 32.47 ± 6.68; P < 0.0001 and 40.79 ± 7.77 vs. 20.09 ± 7.09; P < 0.0001 respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that; only sST2 level was an independent risk factor for hypertension [P < 0.0001, β: 1.258, odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.158–1.366]. and also nondipping hypertension [P < 0.0001, β: 1.208, OR (95% CI): 1.108–1.317].

Conclusion
Based on the present study it could be concluded that sST2 level is significantly associated with the newly diagnosed hypertension and nondipping hypertension. Hence it could reliably be used to diagnose hypertension and nondipping hypertension with high sensitivity and specificity.
Cost-effectiveness of lower limb prosthetic devices for mobility in older adults with dysvascular amputations
Authors: Raval Neel , Shah Arjav , Chang Su-Hsin , Grover Prateek 
Published: July 2024

Background:
There is limited consensus regarding the economic value of prosthetic devices with advancing age. We aimed to meet this knowledge gap by studying the cost-effectiveness of lower limb prostheses (LLPs) for older adults with dysvascular amputations.

Methods Design:
We constructed a decision analytic model nested with Markov models with a lifetime horizon to compare LLP recipients (LLP) with non-recipients (no-LLP) from a health care sector perspective. A 3% annual rate was applied to obtain the present value of the main outcome measures. One-way sensitivity analyses that modeled clinically extreme scenarios were conducted on LLP cost, change, abandonment rate, fall rate, mortality, and utility.

Data sources:
Model parameters were obtained from literature, with many source studies utilizing Medicare data and focusing on dysvascular amputations. Parameters included the “annual probability” of fall, LLP abandonment and mortality, costs associated with decreased physical inactivity or deconditioning, falls (rate and cost), abandonment (rate), mortality, and “utilities associated” with Markov model health states. All costs were adjusted to 2022 price levels.

Intervention:
Lower limb prosthesis.

Main Outcome Measures:
Lifetime cost, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).

Results:
The LLP group incurred a lifetime cost of $36,789 and yielded 4.54 QALYs. The no-LLP group incurred a lifetime cost of $23,909 and yielded 2.58 QALYs. The ICER was $6588/QALY, which is below the most conservative willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY and indicated that LLP was cost-effective compared with no-LLP. Sensitivity analyses for increasing LLP replacement to annual (ICER = $33,477/QALY), abandonment rate to 22% (ICER=$6367), fall rate to 70% (ICER = $7140/QALY), and increasing No-LLP EuroQol–five-dimension to 0.71 (ICER = $10,819/QALY) were all below the willingness-to-pay as well.

Conclusions:
LLP for older adults with dysvascular amputations was cost-effective for most clinically realistic scenarios.
Overhead and Wheelchair Sport-Related Injuries in Para Athletes
Authors: Dupuy Alexis , Goosey-Tolfrey Vicky L. , Webborn Nick , Rance Mélanie , Ratel Sébastien 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
With the increasing opportunities for people with disabilities to engage in competitive Para sports, it becomes imperative to understand the injury consequences that may impact both sports participation and daily life activities. This narrative review aims to examine the intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors inherent in overhead and wheelchair summer Para sports, while also exploring prospective avenues for implementing prevention strategies. By understanding the injury epidemiology in this cohort of Para athletes, this review aims to explore the intricate interplay between the athletes’ underlying disability with sport-specific factors, such as how wheelchair use might amplify injury susceptibility. Specifically, we highlight the impact of impairment, daily activity, and workload or discipline-induced overuse on injury occurrence, as well as how surveillance methods can be tailored to this population. In this regard, we propose practical injury surveillance methods that encompass a sensitive injury definition, severity assessment, incidence rate calculation, and the recording of adaptive equipment (e.g., type of wheelchair) and workload monitoring. It is worth noting that studies of prospective injury surveillance systems coupled with workload monitoring within a dedicated Para sport web-based platform are scarce. To establish a comprehensive understanding of Para athlete health, the monitoring framework should incorporate regular athlete follow-ups and facilitate knowledge transfer.
Rituximab as Treatment for Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Pimentel-Quiroz Victor R. , Reátegui-Sokolova Cristina , Gamboa-Cárdenas Rocío V. , Elera-Fitzcarrald Claudia , Rodríguez-Bellido Zoila , Pastor-Asurza César A. , Perich-Campos Risto , Alarcón Graciela S. , Ugarte-Gil Manuel F. 
Published: July 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the response to rituximab (RTX) as treatment for lupus nephritis (LN) in a Latin American Lupus cohort.

Methods
The medical records from LN patients from a single-center cohort spanning between January 2012 and December 2020 were reviewed. Demographic factors (age at diagnosis and baseline, gender), disease duration, previous and concomitant treatments, serum creatinine, and 24-hour proteinuria (24-HP) levels at baseline, and 6th and 12th months were obtained. Complete response (CR) or responder status was defined according to the LUNAR, AURORA-1, and BLISS-LN trials.

Results
Thirty-six patients received RTX as induction treatment; 32 (88.9%) were women. Their age at baseline and disease duration were 32.6 (11.7) and 7.6 (6.5) years, respectively. The time between renal biopsy and RTX use was 2.64 (4.41) years. At baseline, serum creatinine and 24-HP levels were 1.5 (1.5) mg/dL and 3.4 (2.8) g, respectively. At months 6 and 12, serum creatinine levels were 1.6 (1.6) and 1.6 (1.5) mg/dL, and 24-HP were 2.2 (2.2) and 1.6 (1.5) g, respectively. According to LUNAR and AURORA-1 criteria, CR at 6th and 12th months were 6/34 (17.6%) and 8/30 (26.7%) and 6/34 (17.6%) and 7/31 (22.6%) patients, respectively. According to BLISS-LN criteria, responders at 6th and 12th months were 9/34 (26.5%) and 10/31 (32.3%) patients, respectively.

Conclusions
CR and responder status were reached in less than one third of LN patients treated with RTX, regardless of the criteria used to define them. However, serum creatinine levels did not increase, and there was a decrease in proteinuria levels during the follow-up.
Evaluation of Antral Biopsies Obtained in Endoscopically Normal Esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dinçer Burak , Ömeroğlu Sinan , Güven Onur , Yanar Ceylan , Demir Uygar , Akgün İsmail Ethem 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The requirement for routine biopsy sampling in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with normal endoscopic findings is a subject of debate. In this study, patients who had normal endoscopic findings in EGD and underwent biopsy sampling were retrospectively analyzed.

Methods:
This single-center retrospective cohort study included 671 patients who underwent EGD between 2021 and 2023 in the Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Surgical Endoscopy Unit. All patients had normal endoscopic findings and a sampling biopsy was performed on all patients included. Patients were evaluated based on demographic and clinicopathologic findings. This study was registered to ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06269380).

Results:
Two hundred sixty patients (38.7%) have abnormal histopathologic findings. Helicobacter pylori positivity was detected in 200 (29.8%) patients. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) was present in 80 of 260 patients (30.8%). The frequency of IM was higher in older age groups and cases with mild gastritis (P<0.001). The frequency and severity of gastritis were associated with increased H. pylori positivity and density (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
The biopsy sampling may contribute to the diagnosis and treatment process in cases where normal endoscopic findings are observed during EGD.
Spatial structure affects the establishment and persistence of closed microbial ecosystems
Authors: Mansour India , Hähnlein Maximilian , Minkewitz Luise , Wilk Emely Noa , Remus-Emsermann Mitja , Antonovics Janis , Rillig Matthias C. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTWhy Earth has remained habitable for billions of years is a question that has long fostered debate in biology and earth sciences. Closed systems approaches have yielded information about the underlying mechanisms, including the persistence of matter recycling. However, the majority of these studies have been conducted under relatively homogenous conditions using aquatic systems. Here, we investigated the effect of spatial structure and heterogeneity on the persistence or failure of closed microbial biospheres. This mimics unsaturated soil-like conditions that were inoculated with a two species producer-decomposer community. Specifically, we investigated how microhabitat physical structure and necromass spatial distribution affected population dynamics and system time-to-failure. We observed strong effects of microhabitat structure, including particle size and moisture level, on persistence at both the population and system levels. Systems containing the smallest substrate particles failed quickly and on average did not support decomposer populations except at high initial cell densities. Persistence was promoted by larger substrate particles, likely due to larger pore sizes resulting in shorter movement distances and better accessibility to resource patches (i.e. necromass). Building on these findings, we manipulated necromass patch distribution and observed that algae clustered around necromass patches when present. Necromass patch distribution had small but significant effects on persistence, with lower persistence in intermediate vs. high or low necromass heterogeneity. Together these findings indicate a limit to the spatial/physical parameter space in which producer-decomposer communities can establish and self-sustain via self-recycling of necromass.
Polyploidy of MDA-MB-231 cells drives increased extravasation with enhanced cell-matrix adhesion
Authors: Hirose Satomi , Osaki Tatsuya , Kamm Roger D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMetastasis, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, involves a complex cascade of events, including extravasation. Despite extensive research into metastasis, the mechanisms underlying extravasation remain unclear. Molecular targeted therapies have advanced cancer treatment, yet their efficacy is limited, prompting exploration into novel therapeutic targets. Here, we showed the association of polyploidy in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and their extravasation, using microfluidic systems to reproduce the in vivo microvascular environment. We observed enhanced extravasation in polyploid cells alongside upregulated expression of genes involved in cell-substrate adhesion and cell mechanical dynamics. These findings offer insights into the relationship between polyploidy and extravasation, highlighting potential targets for cancer therapy.
A new yeast-based bioreporter for simple, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of dioxin-like compounds
Authors: Liang Yingying , Liu Hailin , Wang Lin , Zhao Jing , Li Shunyi , Yi Li , Jiang Sijing , Lu Zhenghui , Zhang Guimin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are environmental xenobiotics that can activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR), thereby imposing a significant threat to human health through biomagnifications processes. In this study, a dioxin-activated nano-luminescentSaccharomyces cerevisiaebioreporter, called DnaSc, was developed for simple and rapid detection of DLCs and AhR agonists. The bioreporter used nano-luciferase NLuc as a signal generator to emit bioluminescent signals in response to DLCs without cell lysis. Through optimizing ARNT expression and engineering the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), the yeast-based bioassay exhibited a detection limit of 10 fM for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) within 6 h, making it the most sensitive whole-cell biosensor reported to date. Furthermore, the detection capacity of the DnaSc bioassay for DLCs and AhR agonists was characterized. In summary, the yeast-based bioreporter developed in this study provided a simple, sensitive, and cost-effective method for DLCs detection.
Measurement of covalent bond formation in light-curing hydrogels predicts physical stability under flow
Authors: Zatorski Jonathan M. , Lee Isabella L. , Ortiz-Cárdenas Jennifer E. , Ellena Jeffrey F. , Pompano Rebecca R. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTPhotocrosslinking hydrogels are promising for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but challenges in reaction monitoring often leave their optimization subject to trial and error. The stability of crosslinked gels under fluid flow, as in the case of a microfluidic device, is particularly challenging to predict, both because of obstacles inherent to solid-state macromolecular analysis that prevent accurate chemical monitoring, and because stability is dependent on size of the patterned features. To solve both problems, we obtained1H NMR spectra of cured hydrogels which were enzymatically degraded. This allowed us to take advantage of the high-resolution that solution NMR provides. This unique approach enabled the measurement of degree of crosslinking (DoC) and prediction of material stability under physiological fluid flow. We showed that NMR spectra of enzyme-digested gels successfully reported on DoC as a function of light exposure and wavelength within two classes of photocrosslinkable hydrogels: methacryloyl-modified gelatin and a composite of thiol-modified gelatin and norbornene-terminated polyethylene glycol. This approach revealed that a threshold DoC was required for patterned features in each material to become stable, and that smaller features required a higher DoC for stability. Finally, we demonstrated that DoC was predictive of the stability of architecturally complex features when photopatterning, underscoring the value of monitoring DoC when using light-reactive gels. We anticipate that the ability to quantify chemical crosslinks will accelerate the design of advanced hydrogel materials for structurally demanding applications such as photopatterning and bioprinting.Abstract Figure