bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatosplenic gamma delta T-cell lymphoma in a boy with visceral leishmaniasis: a case report
Authors: Mutreja Deepti , Kotru Mrinalini , Aggarwal Mukul , Tejwani Narender , Sharma Rahul Kumar , Pati Hara Prasad 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntroductionHepatosplenic gamma delta T-cell lymphoma is a rare peripheral T-cell lymphoma of cytotoxic T-cell origin with an aggressive clinical course. Chronic immunosuppression has been proposed as a possible pathogenetic mechanism. No association of hepatosplenic gamma delta T-cell lymphoma with visceral leishmaniasis has been described in the past. We describe a case of an adolescent boy with hepatosplenic gamma delta T-cell lymphoma with leukemic presentation, who was diagnosed to have visceral leishmaniasis, 9 months prior to presentation at our center. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of hepatosplenic gamma delta T-cell lymphoma with a prior history of visceral leishmaniasis in the medical literature.Case presentationA 13-year-old Indian boy presented to the hematology out-patient department with a history of progressive abdominal distension of 9 months’ duration and low grade fever of 2 months’ duration. He was a known case of visceral leishmaniasis and was treated with some clinical improvement in the past. However, his symptoms recurred and he was diagnosed to have hepatosplenic gamma delta T-cell lymphoma at our center. Cytogenetic analysis showed characteristic karyotype of isochromosome 7.ConclusionsChronic antigen stimulation due to visceral leishmaniasis may have led to an expansion of gamma delta T cells in our patient, and immunophenotypic analysis of bone marrow aspirate and characteristic karyotype helped to achieve the diagnosis. The aim of this case report is to highlight the rare association of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma with visceral leishmaniasis.
Merging pedagogies and converging media: Classical meets critical in the digital age
Authors: Jasso John J. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This article places disparate voices in productive conversation concerning pedagogical reform in the era of media convergence. I argue that despite ideological differences, the language arts curriculum of classical schooling is consonant in motivation and technique with the media literacy skills of critical cultural studies. By reading the classically rooted works of Dorothy Sayers, Sr Miriam Joseph and Marshall McLuhan across the critical theories of Douglas Kellner, Jeff Share and Paulo Freire, I identify points of confluence that make such a separation lamentable, as well as illustrate how a coordinated curriculum can work to further the interests of all concerned regardless of ideology.
Reconfigurations: Unfolding the spaces of mobile listening
Authors: Sawatzky Helma 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This article considers some ways in which mobile listening – listening to music on headphones while being in, and moving through, public space – mediates the lived experience of space. I explore this particular human–technology relation through the lens of ‘anemone theory’, an embodied understanding of the movements of mediation as they modulate the real-time unfolding of experience. I contextualize my analysis with concepts from the fields of acoustic ecology and soundscape studies (e.g., acoustic transparency, hi-fi and lo-fi soundscapes) and post-phenomenological perspectives on human–technology relations (e.g., technological intentionality).
Per3 length polymorphism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Karthikeyan Ramanujam , Marimuthu Ganapathy , Sooriyakumar Murugesan , BaHammam Ahmed S. , Spence David Warren , Pandi-Perumal Seithikurippu R. , Brown Gregory M. , Cardinali Daniel P. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background: A number of observations support the involvement of circadian clock genes in the regulation of metabolic processes. One of these circadian genes, Per3, exhibits a variable number tandem repeat length polymorphism, consisting of two alleles, namely four and five repeat alleles, in its exon 18. The objective of this study was to examine the existence of Per3 variants in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as compared to a non T2DM control group.

Methods: Intravenous blood samples were collected to obtain white blood cells from 302 T2DM patients and 330 non-diabetic, age- and sex-matched, individuals. Per3 genotyping was performed on DNA by polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Frequency of five repeat allele was higher, and that of four repeat allele lower, in T2DM patients as compared to non-diabetic controls (χ2=6.977, p=0.0082)

Conclusions: The results indicate an association of Per3 five repeat allele with T2DM occurrence and suggest that individuals with five repeat allele may be at a greater risk for T2DM as compared to those carrying the four repeat allele.
Feedback Regulation of SIN by Etd1 and Rho1 in Fission Yeast
Authors: Alcaide-Gavilán María , Lahoz Aurelia , Daga Rafael R , Jimenez Juan 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
In fission yeast, the septation initiation network (SIN) is thought to promote cytokinesis by downstream activation of Rho1, a conserved GTPase that controls cell growth and division. Here we show that Etd1 and PP2A-Pab1, antagonistic regulators of SIN, are Rho1 regulators. Our genetic and biochemical studies indicate that a C-terminal region of Etd1 may activate Rho1 by directly binding it, whereas an N-terminal domain confers its ability to localize at the growing tips and the division site where Rho1 functions. In opposition to Etd1, our results indicate that PP2A-Pab1 inhibits Rho1. The SIN cascade is upstream-regulated by the Spg1 GTPase. In the absence of Etd1, activity of Spg1 drops down prematurely, thereby inactivating SIN. Interestingly, we find that ectopic activation of Rho1 restores Spg1 activity in Etd1-depleted cells. By using a cytokinesis block strategy, we show that Rho1 is essential to feedback-activate Spg1 during actomyosin ring constriction. Therefore, activation of Spg1 by Rho1, which in turn is regulated by Etd1, uncovers a novel feedback loop mechanism that ensures SIN activity while cytokinesis is progressing.
Genome Destabilizing Mutator Alleles Drive Specific Mutational Trajectories inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Stirling Peter C , Shen Yaoqing , Corbett Richard , Jones Steven J M , Hieter Philip 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn addition to environmental factors and intrinsic variations in base substitution rates, specific genome-destabilizing mutations can shape the mutational trajectory of genomes. How specific alleles influence the nature and position of accumulated mutations in a genomic context is largely unknown. Understanding the impact of genome-destabilizing alleles is particularly relevant to cancer genomes where biased mutational signatures are identifiable. We first created a more complete picture of cellular pathways that impact mutation rate using a primary screen to identify essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene mutations that cause mutator phenotypes. Drawing primarily on new alleles identified in this resource, we measure the impact of diverse mutator alleles on mutation patterns directly by whole-genome sequencing of 68 mutation-accumulation strains derived from wild-type and 11 parental mutator genotypes. The accumulated mutations differ across mutator strains, displaying base-substitution biases, allele-specific mutation hotspots, and break-associated mutation clustering. For example, in mutants of POLα and the Cdc13–Stn1–Ten1 complex, we find a distinct subtelomeric bias for mutations that we show is independent of the target sequence. Together our data suggest that specific genome-instability mutations are sufficient to drive discrete mutational signatures, some of which share properties with mutation patterns seen in tumors. Thus, in a population of cells, genome-instability mutations could influence clonal evolution by establishing discrete mutational trajectories for genomes.
Gene Duplication, Lineage-Specific Expansion, and Subfunctionalization in the MADF-BESS Family Patterns theDrosophilaWing Hinge
Authors: Shukla Vallari , Habib Farhat , Kulkarni Apurv , Ratnaparkhi Girish S 
Published: December 2013

AbstractGene duplication, expansion, and subsequent diversification are features of the evolutionary process. Duplicated genes can be lost, modified, or altered to generate novel functions over evolutionary timescales. These features make gene duplication a powerful engine of evolutionary change. In this study, we explore these features in the MADF-BESS family of transcriptional regulators. In Drosophila melanogaster, the family contains 16 similar members, each containing an N-terminal, DNA-binding MADF domain and a C-terminal, protein-interacting, BESS domain. Phylogenetic analysis shows that members of the MADF-BESS family are expanded in the Drosophila lineage. Three members, which we name hinge1, hinge2, and hinge3 are required for wing development, with a critical role in the wing hinge. hinge1 is a negative regulator of Winglesss expression and interacts with core wing-hinge patterning genes such as teashirt, homothorax, and jing. Double knockdowns along with heterologous rescue experiments are used to demonstrate that members of the MADF-BESS family retain function in the wing hinge, in spite of expansion and diversification for over 40 million years. The wing hinge connects the blade to the thorax and has critical roles in fluttering during flight. MADF-BESS family genes appear to retain redundant functions to shape and form elements of the wing hinge in a robust and fail-safe manner.
Monitoring Nitrogen Leaf Resorption Kinetics by Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy during Grain Filling in Durum Wheat in Different Nitrogen Availability Conditions
Authors: Vilmus Ingrid , Ecarnot Martin , Verzelen Nicolas , Roumet Pierre 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn wheat (Triticum spp.), the N content of leaves during the grain filling period (GFP) plays a key role in maintaining photosynthetic activity and determining the amount of N available for grain protein content (GPC). We documented flag N leaf resorption in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) plants under a nonlimiting level of N in 2010 and under two different levels of N fertilization in 2011. During the GFP, we monitored changes in flag leaf N content by a nondestructive method based on near‐infrared spectroscopy. The datasets were modeled for each plant; parameters were extracted and analyzed to determine which source of variation (genotype and/or N availability) predominated. Different genotypic profiles were highlighted opposing Ixos versus Primadur when comparing two different levels of N availability, with Ixos flag leaves being the most affected by a low level of N preanthesis. High postanthesis N availability delayed the beginning of N resorption (t0) and there was a strong negative correlation between t0 and the resorption duration. Delayed N resorption was associated with better grain yield components. A high proportion of the variation of grain yield per spike and GPC was explained by multiple linear regressions combining the width of the flag leaf and N dynamic parameters under the nonlimiting N availability. The negative correlation between yield and GPC may result from the initiation of N resorption during grain filling, potentially increasing yield if delayed or increasing GPC if occurring early.
Characterization and Evaluation of Wild Annual Cicer Species for Agro‐morphological Traits and Major Biotic Stresses under Northwestern Indian Conditions
Authors: Singh Mohar , Bisht Ishwari Singh , Dutta Manoranjan , Kumar Krishna , Basandrai Ashwani Kumar , Kaur Lavinder , Sirari Asmita , Khan Z. , Rizvi Aqeel Hasan , Sarker Ashutosh , Bansal Kailash Chander 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTSystematic characterization and evaluation of the wild gene pool for breeding purposes is a common practice in an increasing number of cultivated crop species. Substantial yield improvement of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has been limited by the loss of useful genes for higher yield and lack of resistance to major biotic stresses. In the present study, a total of 88 wild accessions of six annual Cicer species viz., C. reticulatum Ladizinsky, C. echinospermum P.H. Davis, C. judaicum Boiss., C. pinnatifidum Jarb. & Spach, C. bijugum Rech. f., and C. yamashitae Kitam., along with three check varieties (controls) of cultivated chickpea namely, Pusa 256, Pusa 1103, and JG 11, were characterized and evaluated for phenological and agro‐morphological traits, including their reaction to the major fungal diseases [Ascochyta blight caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr. and Botrytis gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex. Fr.] and root knot nematode (Meliodogyne incognita). Wild Cicer accessions exhibited variation for some morphological traits, including plant pigmentation in C. reticulatum, C. judaicum, and C. pinnatifidum; number of leaflets leaf−1 in C. reticulatum, C. echinospermum, C. judaicum, C. pinnatifidum, and C. bijugum; and seed color in C. reticulatum, C. judaicum, and C. pinnatifidum. Likewise, variation for agro‐morphological traits was also studied, that is, earliness, number of branches plant−1, and number of pods plant−1, etc. Some of these were comparable with the cultivated genotypes. Pattern of within‐species diversity was also estimated using Ward's Minimum Variance Dendrogram and principal components analysis for important agro‐morphological traits. Among the wild Cicer species, C. judaicum and C. pinnatifidum had the greatest number of resistant accessions including multiple resistance for Ascochyta blight, Botrytis gray mold, and root knot nematode. Variability among wild annual Cicer accessions is invaluable and can be exploited following introgression into cultivated chickpea. It will also help in the flow of useful genes from the wild to the cultivated gene pool and generating additional variation for use in chickpea improvement.
Sparse‐Flowering Orchardgrass Represents an Improvement in Forage Quality During Reproductive Growth
Authors: Casler M.D. , Undersander D.J. , Papadopolous Y.A. , Bittman S. , Hunt D. , Mathison R.D. , Min D.H. , Robins J.G. , Cherney J.H. , Acharya S.N. , Belesky D.P. , Bowley S.R. , Coulman B.E. , Drapeau R. , Ehlke N.J. , Hall M.H. , Leep R.H. , Michaud R. , Rowsell J. , Shewmaker G.E. , Teutsch C.D. , Coblentz W.K. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTOrchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a major component of many pastures in temperate North America. Early and profuse flowering in pastures is problematic, because livestock refuse to consume flowering stems, prompting many graziers to simply avoid using this species. The objective of this research was to determine the impact of reduced flowering on the quality of harvested forage under two harvest managements of orchardgrass. Six cultivars, three normal cultivars and three sparse‐flowering cultivars (mean panicle density of 141 vs. 61 panicles m⁻2, respectively), were evaluated in field experiments at 21 locations in North America under a 3‐cut harvest management. These cultivars were also evaluated at seven locations under a 5‐cut harvest management. Sparse‐flowering cultivars averaged 9% greater crude protein (CP), 3% lower neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 2% greater NDF digestibility, and 2% greater in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) than normal cultivars. For the two digestibility measures, differential panicle density between the cultivar groups explained a significant portion of variability, indicating that the increase in forage quality was proportional to the decrease in panicle density below a threshold of about 50 panicles m⁻2. Lastly, differences in regrowth forage quality between cultivar groups were smaller, less consistent, and of lesser statistical significance than for first harvest. While selection for sparse flowering in orchardgrass resulted in significant cause‐and‐effect increases in first‐harvest forage quality, these effects were too small to offset the reduced forage yield associated with the sparse‐flowering trait.
Vegetation of rock clefts and ledges in the Pamir Alai Mts, Tajikistan (Middle Asia)
Authors: Nowak Arkadiusz , Nowak Sylwia , Nobis Marcin , Nobis Agnieszka 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe paper presents the results of phytosociological research conducted on the vegetation of rock clefts and ledges in the Pamir-Alai Mountains (Tajikistan, Middle Asia). During the field studies, done in 2010–2012, 101 phytosociological relevés were taken. Plant species were recorded according to the Braun-Blanquet cover-abundance scale. Communities of calcareous rock clefts and ledges with small soil amounts from several ranges (Zeravshan Mts, Hissar Mts, Hazratishokh Mts, Darvaz Mts, Rushan Mts and Vanch Mts), inhabiting mainly the alpine and subnival zone, have been described. A synopsis of the rock communities of the Pamir-Alai is proposed. In the examined vegetation plots 77 vascular plant and 6 moss species were noted. The most frequent were: Achoriphragma pinnatifidum, Artemisia rutifolia, Asperula albiflora, Campanula incanescens, C. lehmanniana, Parietaria judaica, Pentanema albertoregelia, Poa relaxa and Stipa zeravshanica among vascular plants and Brachythecium albicans and Bryum caespiticum among mosses. Most of them are narrow endemics of Tajikistan or Middle Asia. The collected material presents most of the variability among the phytocoenoses of large crevices and rock ledges in limestone massifs in the alpine and subnival zones. As a result of field research and numerical analyses, 7 associations have been distinguished: Achoriphragmetum pinnatifidi, Asperulo albiflorae-Stipetum zeravshanicae, Inuletum glaucae, Paraquilegietum anemonoidis, Pentanemetum albertoregeliae, Rhinactinidietum popovii and Saussureaetum
ovatae. The distinctiveness of habitat and species composition of Middle Asiatic rock communities makes it necessary to distinguish a new suballiance, Pentanemenion albertoregeliae, within the Asperulo albiflorae-Poion relaxae alliance. The main factors determining the species composition of classified associations seem to be the elevation above sea level and exposition. Alpine rock communities are one of the most unique and interesting plant formations in the moutainous areas of Pamir-Alai. Despite not being species-rich they often harbour many specialists adapted to harsh and extreme environments, especially in areas of Mediterranean-like climate.
Comparison of Mulligan Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides and Maitland Mobilizations for Treatment of Cervicogenic Dizziness: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Reid Susan A. , Rivett Darren A. , Katekar Michael G. , Callister Robin 
Published: December 2013

Background
There is short-term evidence for treatment of cervicogenic dizziness with Mulligan sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) but no evidence for treatment with Maitland mobilizations.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of SNAGs and Maitland mobilizations for cervicogenic dizziness.

Design
A double-blind, parallel-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted.

Setting
The study was conducted at a university in Newcastle, Australia.

Participants
Eighty-six people with cervicogenic dizziness were the study participants.

Interventions
Included participants were randomly allocated to receive 1 of 3 interventions: Mulligan SNAGs (including self-administered SNAGs), Maitland mobilizations plus range-of-motion exercises, or placebo.

Measurements
The primary outcome measure was intensity of dizziness. Other outcome measures were: frequency of dizziness, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), intensity of pain, and global perceived effect (GPE).

Results
Both manual therapy groups had reduced dizziness intensity and frequency posttreatment and at 12 weeks compared with baseline. There was no change in the placebo group. Both manual therapy groups had less dizziness intensity posttreatment (SNAGs: mean difference=−20.7, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=−33.6, −7.7; mobilizations: mean difference=−15.2, 95% CI=−27.9, −2.4) and at 12 weeks (SNAGs: mean difference=−18.4, 95% CI=−31.3, −5.4; mobilizations: mean difference=−14.4, 95% CI=−27.4, −1.5) compared with the placebo group. Compared with the placebo group, both the SNAG and Maitland mobilization groups had less frequency of dizziness at 12 weeks. There were no differences between the 2 manual therapy interventions for these dizziness measures. For DHI and pain, all 3 groups improved posttreatment and at 12 weeks. Both manual therapy groups reported a higher GPE compared with the placebo group. There were no treatment-related adverse effects lasting longer than 24 hours.

Limitations
The therapist performing the interventions was not blind to group allocation.

Conclusions
Both SNAGs and Maitland mobilizations provide comparable immediate and sustained (12 weeks) reductions in intensity and frequency of chronic cervicogenic dizziness.
External Fixator in Elderly Patients with Hip Fractures
Authors: Shrestha Shilu , Banskota Bibek , Rajbhandary Tarun , Shrestha Babukaji , Pandey Jwala Raj , Banskota Ashok Kumar 
Published: December 2013

Introduction: Fragility fractures around the hip are common in the elderly and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early stabilization and mobilization reduces mortality associated with prolonged recumbence. In patients who are not fi t for general anesthesia, external fixation under local anesthesia will help early mobilization. Methods: A retrospective study of hip fractures treated between 2002 to 2009 was undertaken. Out of 242 hip fractures, 13 patients with inter-trochanteric fractures had undergone external fixator application under local anesthesia. There were 9 females and 4 males; five were on right side and 8 on left side. As per the system of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), 10 were of grade III, 2 of grade IV and 1 of grade E. The age of the patient ranged from 60 to 92 years (average 80 years). The average delay in surgery was 8.2 days for cases presenting soon after the injury. Results: Follow up was done at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months with the average follow up of 4.7 months. All the fractures (n=13) united and the average time to radiological union was 3 months. Three patients had grade I pin tract infection which was easily controlled with local care. The average Harris hip score at final follow-up was 92. Conclusion: External fixator can be a valuable tool for the treatment of hip fractures in high risk elderly patients with concomitant medical co-morbidities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/noaj.v3i1.9319 Nepal Orthopedic Association Journal 2013 Vol.3(1): 11-13