bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-resolution greenspace dynamic data cube from Sentinel-2 satellites over 1028 global major cities
Authors: Wu Shengbiao , Song Yimeng , An Jiafu , Lin Chen , Chen Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGreenspace, offering multifaceted ecological and socioeconomic benefits to the nature system and human society, is integral to the 11th Sustainable Development Goal pertaining to cities and communities. Spatially and temporally explicit information on greenspace is a premise to gauge the balance between its supply and demand. However, existing efforts on urban greenspace mapping primarily focus on specific time points or baseline years without well considering seasonal fluctuations, which obscures our knowledge of greenspace’s spatiotemporal dynamics in urban settings. Here, we combined spectral unmixing approach, time-series phenology modeling, and Sentinel-2 satellite images with a 10-m resolution and nearly 5-day revisit cycle to generate a four-year (2019–2022) 10-m and 10-day resolution greenspace dynamic data cube over 1028 global major cities (with an urbanized area >100 km2). This data cube can effectively capture greenspace seasonal dynamics across greenspace types, cities, and climate zones. It also can reflect the spatiotemporal dynamics of the cooling effect of greenspace with Landsat land surface temperature data. The developed data cube provides informative data support to investigate the spatiotemporal interactions between greenspace and human society.
Quantum mechanical electronic and geometric parameters for DNA k-mers as features for machine learning
Authors: Masuda Kairi , Abdullah Adib A. , Pflughaupt Patrick , Sahakyan Aleksandr B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe are witnessing a steep increase in model development initiatives in genomics that employ high-end machine learning methodologies. Of particular interest are models that predict certain genomic characteristics based solely on DNA sequence. These models, however, treat the DNA as a mere collection of four, A, T, G and C, letters, dismissing the past advancements in science that can enable the use of more intricate information from nucleic acid sequences. Here, we provide a comprehensive database of quantum mechanical (QM) and geometric features for all the permutations of 7-meric DNA in their representative B, A and Z conformations. The database is generated by employing the applicable high-cost and time-consuming QM methodologies. This can thus make it seamless to associate a wealth of novel molecular features to any DNA sequence, by scanning it with a matching k-meric window and pulling the pre-computed values from our database for further use in modelling. We demonstrate the usefulness of our deposited features through their exclusive use in developing a model for A->C mutation rates.
Effects of mulberry leaf enrichment with Lepidium sativum L. seed powder suspension on the economic parameters of Bombyx mori L
Authors: Alfazairy Ahlam A. , Elsakhawy Deena A. , El-Meniawi Fatma A. , Hashem Mohamed , Rawash Ibrahem A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe phytochemicals of high nutritional and functional properties in Lepidium sativum L. (garden cress) seeds have nominated their seed powder (regardless of the concentration used) for enrichment of mulberry leaves in order to enhance Bombyx mori L. larval feeding, and consequently to gain ground in sericulture industry. As expected, B. mori larval feeding on L. sativum-enriched mulberry leaves showed not only a remarkable increase in mean values of certain economic parameters of B. mori, such as cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, pupal weight, and egg yield, compared with the control group, but also showed a phenomenal increase in egg counts (on average, ca. 958–1256 eggs laid per female moth) and a significant increase in egg size (measured as egg surface area and egg volume). Male or female moth larval diet has significantly influenced the reproductive performance or fitness of both sexes of B. mori in terms of large-sized moths (measured as forewing, hind femur, and hind tibia lengths) and highly fecund moths (i.e., increased fecundity and spermatophore counts per female moth, and large-sized eggs). On the basis of B. mori female moth reproductive index, the female moths from L. sativum-fed larvae proved to have a lower reproductive index compared to their corresponding value for females of the control group, indicating more efficient utilization of larval resources for B. mori reproduction. Quantification of the three main physiological resources viz., protein, lipid and carbohydrate in the internal reproductive tract of B. mori female moths at death has nominated the female moth abdomens, or simply their bodies, as being a reasonable natural source of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate, to be involved in certain manufactures (e.g., pet feed formulations) instead of discarding them as a source of environmental pollution. Evidently, the L. sativum seed powder is of considerable interest because it remarkably improves the performance of such an economically important insect, B. mori. This is the first study for evaluating the efficacy of L. sativum seed powder in sericulture field to enhance B. mori productivity parameters.
Radiation synthesis of sodium alginate/gelatin based ultra-absorbent hydrogel for efficient water and nitrogen management in wheat under drought stress
Authors: El-diehy Mahmoud A. , Farghal Ibrahim I. , Amin Mohamed A. , Ghobashy Mohamed mohamady , Nowwar Abdelatti I. , Gayed H. M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe main focus of this study was on using radiation to make an ultra-absorbent hydrogel (UAH) from sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GL) biopolymers. This UAH can effectively handle water and nitrogen in wheat farming during drought stress. The hydrogel was synthesized by gamma irradiation-induced SA/GL/polyacrylamide crosslinking at 10–40 kGy. Varying SA/GL ratios affected swelling and the gel fraction of SA/GL/PAm hydrogels. The (SA/GL 17/83) hydrogel exhibited a 40.03 g/g swelling degree, while increasing SA content resulted in higher swelling, peaking at 75.5 g/g for (SA/GL 83/17). This indicated a synergistic interaction between SA and GL. The gel fraction also increased from 76.8 to 90.3%, with a higher GL content reflecting increased crosslinking. After multiple hydrolysis cycles, the hydrogel achieved 1293 (g/g) swelling and 36 days of water retention. When applied to wheat (Triticuma estivum) under drought stress, it significantly improved shoot length (18%), root length (43%), shoot fresh weight (49%), and shoot dry weight (51%) under extreme drought. The significant increases in protein and carbohydrate content in both shoots (up to 32% and 19%, respectively) and grains (up to 21% and 24%, respectively), along with the reduction in proline content (up to 38%), demonstrate that ultra-absorbent hydrogel (UAH) effectively enhances nitrogen content, photosynthesis, and overall plant health in wheat under varying drought stress levels. This novel SA/GL-based UAH holds promise for addressing water scarcity and agricultural challenges, offering a sustainable solution for water and nitrogen management under drought stress.
Using a novel bio-based cationic flocculant for food industry wastewater treatment
Authors: Ahmed Ghada E. , Hassan Gamal K. , Gomaa Elshimaa H. , Aly Samar A. , Salem Sanaa Y. , Badr Entsar E. , Aboelghait Karim M. , fify Ahmed A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWastewater from the food industry is considered harmful to human health and aquatic life, as well as polluting water and soil. This research is centered around finding an affordable and easy physicochemical method for dealing with waste generated by the food industry. To accomplish this goal, a new bio-based flocculant called 4-benzyl-4-(2-oleamidoethylamino-2-oxoethyl) morpholin-4-ium chloride was created using sustainable sources, specifically crude olive pomace oil. Its chemical structure was confirmed using various spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, 1H-NMR, mass spectra, and 13C-NMR. This new bio-based cationic flocculant was combined with alum to act as a coagulant in the waste treatment process. Also, a study was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for the coagulation-flocculation process parameters, namely, pH and alum dosage, on COD and removal efficiency. The results showed that the optimal conditions for flocculation were achieved at pH 5.8, with 680 mg/L alum and 10 mg/L of commercial flocculant dose compared to only 5 mg/L of a new bio-based cationic flocculant. A comparison was made between the new bio-cationic flocculant and a commercial CTAB one for treating wastewater in the food industry. The study found that the new bio-based cationic flocculant was more effective in reducing the chemical oxygen demand, achieving a reduction of 61.3% compared to 54.6% for using a commercial cationic flocculant. Furthermore, using a new bio-based cationic flocculant costs only 0.49 $/g, which is less than the present cationic flocculant, which costs 0.93 $/g. The adoption of this new flocculant provides a sustainable alternative to existing industrial wastewater treatment processes
Vincamine exerts hepato-protective activity during colon ligation puncture-induced sepsis by modulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and TNFα/Nrf-2/Keap-1 signaling pathways
Authors: Alaaeldin Rania , Mohyeldin Reham H. , Sharata Ehab E. , Attya Mina Ezzat , Fathy Moustafa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSepsis is a pathological and biochemical disorder induced by numerous infections, leading to critical illness and a high mortality rate worldwide. Vincamine is an indole alkaloid compound obtained from the leaves of Vinca minor. The present study aims to investigate the hepato-protective activity of vincamine during colon ligation puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis at the molecular level. Sepsis was induced using the CLP model. Liver function enzymes such as ALT and AST were analyzed. The hepatic antioxidant status (SOD and GSH), lipid peroxidation (MDA), the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β), bax, bcl2, and cleaved caspase 3 proteins were estimated. Nrf-2 and Keap-1 protein expression was evaluated using western blotting. Histopathological investigation of liver tissues was also performed. CLP-induced sepsis led to liver injury through the elevation of ALT and AST liver enzymes. Oxidative stress was initiated during CLP via the suppression of hepatic GSH content and SOD activity and the elevation of MDA. The inflammatory condition was activated by the upregulation of TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and Keap-1 and the downregulation of Nrf-2 proteins. The apoptosis was initiated through the activation of bax and cleaved caspase 3 protein expression and inhibition of bcl2 protein expression. However, vincamine significantly improved the hepatic histological abnormalities and decreased liver enzymes (ALT and AST). It ameliorated oxidative stress, as evidenced by reducing the hepatic MDA content and increasing the SOD activity and GSH content. Moreover, vincamine reduced the hepatic content of TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and Keap-1 and increased Nrf-2 protein expression. Additionally, it upregulated bcl2 protein expression and downregulated bax and cleaved caspase 3 protein expression. Vincamine exhibited hepato-protective potential during CLP-induced sepsis via the cross-connection of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities by modulating TNFα/IL-6/IL-1β/Nrf-2/Keap-1 and regulating bax/bcl2/cleaved caspase 3 signaling pathways.
On flow fluctuations in ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms: resolved numerical study
Authors: Huang Feng , Janiga Gábor , Berg Philipp , Hosseini Seyed Ali 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFlow fluctuations have emerged as a promising hemodynamic metric for understanding of hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysms. Several investigations have reported flow instabilities using numerical tools. In this study, the occurrence of flow fluctuations is investigated using either Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluid models in five patient-specific intracranial aneurysms using high-resolution lattice Boltzmann simulation methods. Flow instabilities are quantified by computing power spectral density, proper orthogonal decomposition, and fluctuating kinetic energy of velocity fluctuations. Our simulations reveal substantial flow instabilities in two of the ruptured aneurysms, where the pulsatile inflow through the neck leads to hydrodynamic instability, particularly around the rupture position, throughout the entire cardiac cycle. In other monitoring points, the flow instability is primarily observed during the deceleration phase; typically, the fluctuations begin just after peak systole, gradually decay, and the flow returns to its original, laminar pulsatile state during diastole. Additionally, we assess the rheological impact on flow dynamics. The disparity between Newtonian and non-Newtonian outcomes remains minimal in unruptured aneurysms, with less than a 5% difference in key metrics. However, in ruptured cases, adopting a non-Newtonian model yields a substantial increase in the fluctuations within the aneurysm sac, with up to a 30% higher fluctuating kinetic energy compared to the Newtonian model. The study highlights the importance of using appropriate high-resolution simulations and non-Newtonian models to capture flow fluctuation characteristics that may be critical for assessing aneurysm rupture risk.
All-2D CVD-grown semiconductor field-effect transistors with van der Waals graphene contacts
Authors: Hoque Md. Anamul , George Antony , Ramachandra Vasudev , Najafidehaghani Emad , Gan Ziyang , Mitra Richa , Zhao Bing , Sahoo Satyaprakash , Abrahamsson Maria , Liang Qiuhua , Wiktor Julia , Turchanin Andrey , Kubatkin Sergey , Lara-Avila Samuel , Dash Saroj P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures with graphene have generated enormous interest for future electronic, optoelectronic, and energy-harvesting applications. The electronic transport properties and correlations of such hybrid devices strongly depend on the quality of the materials via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, their interfaces and contact properties. However, detailed electronic transport and correlation properties of the 2D semiconductor field-effect transistor (FET) with vdW graphene contacts for understanding mobility limiting factors and metal-insulator transition properties are not explored. Here, we investigate electronic transport in scalable all-2D CVD-grown molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) FET with graphene contacts. The Fermi level of graphene can be readily tuned by a gate voltage to enable a nearly perfect band alignment and, hence, a reduced and tunable Schottky barrier at the contact with good field-effect channel mobility. Detailed temperature-dependent transport measurements show dominant phonon/impurity scattering as a mobility limiting mechanisms and a gate-and bias-induced metal-insulator transition in different temperature ranges, which is explained in light of the variable-range hopping transport. These studies in such scalable all-2D semiconductor heterostructure FETs will be useful for future electronic and optoelectronic devices for a broad range of applications.
Tissue-resident memory T cells in epicardial adipose tissue comprise transcriptionally distinct subsets that are modulated in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Vyas Vishal , Sandhar Balraj , Keane Jack M. , Wood Elizabeth G. , Blythe Hazel , Jones Aled , Shahaj Eriomina , Fanti Silvia , Williams Jack , Metic Nasrine , Efremova Mirjana , Ng Han Leng , Nageswaran Gayathri , Byrne Suzanne , Feldhahn Niklas , Marelli-Berg Federica , Chain Benny , Tinker Andrew , Finlay Malcolm C. , Longhi M. Paula 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia and carries an increased risk of stroke and heart failure. Here we investigated how the immune infiltrate of human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), which directly overlies the myocardium, contributes to AF. Flow cytometry analysis revealed an enrichment of tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells in patients with AF. Cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) and single-cell T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing identified two transcriptionally distinct CD8+ TRM cells that are modulated in AF. Spatial transcriptomic analysis of EAT and atrial tissue identified the border region between the tissues to be a region of intense inflammatory and fibrotic activity, and the addition of TRM populations to atrial cardiomyocytes demonstrated their ability to differentially alter calcium flux as well as activate inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways. This study identified EAT as a reservoir of TRM cells that can directly modulate vulnerability to cardiac arrhythmia.
Human breast tissue engineering in health and disease
Authors: Buchholz Maj-Britt , Scheerman Demi I , Levato Riccardo , Wehrens Ellen J , Rios Anne C 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe human mammary gland represents a highly organized and dynamic tissue, uniquely characterized by postnatal developmental cycles. During pregnancy and lactation, it undergoes extensive hormone-stimulated architectural remodeling, culminating in the formation of specialized structures for milk production to nourish offspring. Moreover, it carries significant health implications, due to the high prevalence of breast cancer. Therefore, gaining insight into the unique biology of the mammary gland can have implications for managing breast cancer and promoting the well-being of both women and infants. Tissue engineering techniques hold promise to narrow the translational gap between existing breast models and clinical outcomes. Here, we provide an overview of the current landscape of breast tissue engineering, outline key requirements, and the challenges to overcome for achieving more predictive human breast models. We propose methods to validate breast function and highlight preclinical applications for improved understanding and targeting of breast cancer. Beyond mammary gland physiology, representative human breast models can offer new insight into stem cell biology and developmental processes that could extend to other organs and clinical contexts.
Neutral and ionic N-methyl phenylazo-3,5-(di-2-pyridyl)pyrazole photoswitches: probes for reversible pH modulation by light
Authors: Singh Sapna , Velloth Archana , Rajani  , Goyal Manu , Kaur Navneet , Singh Sanjay , Venkataramani Sugumar 
Published: August 2024

Design, synthesis, photoswitching and computational studies of N-methyl arylazo-3,5-(di-2-pyridyl)pyrazoles and their N-alkyl pyridinium derivatives as probes for pH modulation.
Designing a decentralized multi‐community peer‐to‐peer electricity trading framework
Authors: Shafiekhani Morteza , Qadrdan Meysam , Zhou Yue , Wu Jianzhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectric power systems are currently undergoing a transformation towards a decentralized paradigm by actively involving prosumers, through the utilization of distributed multi‐energy sources. This research introduces a fully decentralized multi‐community peer‐to‐peer electricity trading mechanism, which integrates iterative auction and pricing methods within local electricity markets. The mechanism classifies peers in all communities on an hourly basis depending on their electricity surplus or deficit, facilitating electricity exchange between sellers and buyers. Moreover, communities engage in energy exchange not only within and between themselves but also with the grid. The proposed mechanism adopts a fully decentralized approach known as the alternating direction method of multipliers. The key advantage of this approach is that it eliminates the need for a supervisory node or the disclosure of private information of the involved parties. Furthermore, this study incorporates the flexibility provided by residential heating systems and energy storage systems into the energy scheduling of some prosumers. Case studies illustrate that the proposed multi‐community peer‐to‐peer electricity trading mechanism effectively enhances local energy balance. Specifically, the proposed mechanism reduces average daily electricity costs for individual prosumers by 63% compared to scenarios where peer‐to‐peer electricity trading is not employed.
Increased Odds of Cognitive Impairment in Adults with Depressive
Symptoms and Antidepressant Use
Authors: Meshkat Shakila , Wu Michelle , Tassone Vanessa K , Janssen-Aguilar Reinhard , Pang Hilary , Jung Hyejung , Lou Wendy , Bhat Venkat 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction The relationship between antidepressant use and class with
cognition in depression is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association
of cognition with depressive symptoms and antidepressant use (class, duration,
number).
Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
were examined for cognitive function through various tests and memory issues
through the Medical Conditions questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed
using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Results A total of 2867 participants were included. Participants with
depressive symptoms had significantly higher odds of cognitive impairment (CI)
on the animal fluency test (aOR=1.89, 95% CI=1.30, 2.73, P=0.002) and Digit
Symbol Substitution test (aOR=2.58, 95% CI=1.34, 4.9, P=0.007), as well as
subjective memory issues (aOR=7.25, 95% CI=4.26, 12.32, P<0.001) than those
without depression. There were no statistically significant associations between
any of the CI categories and depressive symptoms treated with an antidepressant
and antidepressant use duration. Participants who were using more than one
antidepressant had significantly higher odds of subjective memory issues than
those who were using one antidepressant. Specifically, users of atypical
antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or tricyclic
antidepressants (TCAs) had significantly higher odds of subjective memory issues
in comparison to no antidepressants, with TCAs showing the largest odds
(aOR=4.21, 95% CI=1.19, 14.86, P=0.028).
Discussion This study highlights the relationship between depressive
symptoms, antidepressant use, and CI. Future studies should further evaluate the
mechanism underlying this phenomenon.