bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,3‐Dialkylperhydrobenzimidazolinium Salts and Their Catalytic Properties in Heck Reactions.
Authors: Yigit Murat , Bayam Guelin , Yigit Beyhan , Oezdemir Ismail 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEight novel 1,3‐dibenzylperhydrobenzimidazolinium chlorides are prepared and tested as ligands in the Heck reaction of aryl bromides (II) with styrene.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Reactions of 3‐Alkynyloxireno[2,3‐b]chromenones to Form 3(2H)‐Furanones via a Domino Pathway.
Authors: Hu Feng , Yan Jianwei , Cheng Ming , Hu Youhong 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAn efficient gold‐catalyzed domino reaction producing functionalized furanones via a proposed sequence of cyclization, C‐C cleavage, nucleophilic addition, oxidation, and nucleophilic addition, is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Desulfinylative Cross‐Coupling of Thiophene and Furan Sulfinates with Aryl Bromides in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Sevigny Stephane , Forgione Pat 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDespite the use of excess of DMF the authors allege the development of an environmentally benign Pd‐catalyzed coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Domino Synthesis and Discovery of Highly Functionalized Dihydrobenzo[b]thiophenes as AChE Inhibitors.
Authors: Jeyachandran Veerappan , Kumar Raju Ranjith , Ali Mohamed Ashraf , Choon Tan Soo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA library of novel dihydrobenzothiophenedicarbonitriles (IV) (30 examples) is synthesized via a one‐pot four component domino reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Pyrroles by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Propargylic Carbonates with β‐Enamino Esters.
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro , Sugimura Chiyuki 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe method allows the synthesis of highly or fully substituted pyrroles, in most cases with complete regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Pentasubstituted Pyrroles from Propargylic Alcohols, Amines, and Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates; Tandem Amination, Propargylation and Cycloisomerization Catalyzed by Molecular Iodine.
Authors: Bhunia Nisith , Das Biswanath 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe methodology offers a simple synthesis of a variety of fully substituted pyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric α‐Alkylation of Aldehydes with 3‐Hydroxy‐3‐indolylox‐indoles in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Shun‐Yi , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Jiang Ran , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAn efficient MacMillan imidazolidinone‐catalyzed asymmetric α‐alkylation of aldehydes with 3‐hydroxy‐3‐indolyl‐2‐oxoindoles is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Tandem sp2—sp3 Coupling Reactions of Chiral Stannolanes: An Efficient Preparation of Optically Active Tetrahydrobenz[f]isoindoles.
Authors: Kamimura Akio , So Masahiro , Ishikawa Shingo , Uno Hidemitsu 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDihydrostannolanes (I), readily available by a radical cascade reaction, undergo a novel double Migita‐Kosugi‐Stille coupling reaction with dihalobenzenes in the presence of a palladium catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Facial and Practical Synthesis of Benzimidazole‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes.
Authors: Wang Han , Xia Yuyu , Lv Shang , Xu Jingli , Sun Zhihua 
Published: July 2013

AbstractOptimized conditions allow the selective preparation of N,N′‐diarylphenylenediamines of type (III), which react with trimethyl orthoformate to produce the corresponding N‐heterocyclic carbene precursors (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Triflate‐Catalyzed Friedel—Crafts Acetylation of 3‐Phenylsydnone.
Authors: Balaguer Amanda , Selhorst Ryan , Turnbull Kenneth 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSix metal triflates M(OTf)3 (M = La, Y, Sc, Hf, Gd, In) are tested as catalysts for the acetylation of 3‐phenylsydnone with acetic anhydride under various reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Cascade Assembling of Salicylic Aldehydes and Malononitrile: Rapid and Efficient Approach to 2‐Amino‐4H‐chromene Scaffold.
Authors: Elinson Michail N. , Medvedev Michael G. , Ilovaisky Alexey I. , Merkulova Valentina M. , Zaimovskaya Tatiana A. , Nikishin Gennady I. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractGrinding salicylic aldehydes (I) and malononitrile (II) with catalytic amounts of KF affords 2‐amino‐4H‐chromenes (III) in excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Chloroformate Free, Scalable Approach for the Synthesis of Organic Carbamates and Their Alkylation.
Authors: Shewalkar Mukesh P. , Rao Ramakrishna R. , Reddy Veerbhadra , Darandale Sunil N. , Shinde Devanand B. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of carbamates of 2‐aminopyridine is described, avoiding the employment of hazardous chloroformate reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Remarkable Effect of CF3CH2OH for the Halogen Induced Oxidative Rearrangement Reaction of Aminals Leading to 3,4‐Dihydroquinazolines.
Authors: Murai Kenichi , Shimura Masato , Nagao Ryu , Endo Daisuke , Fujioka Hiromichi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA general method for promoting oxidative rearrangement reactions of aminals generating 3,4‐dihydroquinazolines is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Polycyclic N‐Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 77. Synthesis of [1]Benzothieno[3′,2′:2,3]oxepino[4,5‐d]pyrimidines and Evaluation of Their Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity.
Authors: Okuda Kensuke , Nikaido Takashi , Hirota Takashi , Sasaki Kenji 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA series of title compounds is prepared and tested for their antiplatelet aggregation activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Eco‐Friendly Synthesis of Highly Substituted Functionalized Oxazines by FeCl3/SiO2 Nanoparticles.
Authors: Ghomi Javad Safaei , Zahedi Safura 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe fast and novel synthesis of the title oxazines (VI) is reported by using a highly efficient, green, inexpensive, and recyclable catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐Acetylcholinesterase Properties of Novel β‐ and γ‐Substituted Alkoxy Organophosphonates.
Authors: Ahmed S. Kaleem , Belabassi Yamina , Sankaranarayanan Lakshmi , Chao Chih‐Kai , Gerdes John M. , Thompson Charles M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA series of β‐ and γ‐substituted alkoxyphosphonates (VI) and related phosphonathionates (VII) are synthesized and evaluated for their anti‐acetylcholinesterase activities.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Oxa‐Michael Reaction and a Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclization en Route to C‐Glycosides.
Authors: Redon Sebastien , Wierzbicki Michel , Prunet Joelle 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTwo short syntheses of benzyl C‐glycosides are developed employing oxa‐Michael cyclizations of precursors (IIIa,b) or gold‐catalyzed cyclization of alkyne (X) as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiadipogenic Diarylheptanoids from Alnus hirsuta f. sibirica on 3T3‐L1 cells
Authors: Lee Mina , Song Ji Yeon , Chin Young‐Won , Sung Sang Hyun 
Published: July 2013

Abstractisolation, structure and antiadipogenic activity of the new diarylheptanoid (I) along with seventeen known diarylheptanoids
Asymmetric Allylation of α‐Ketoester‐Derived N‐Benzoylhydrazones Promoted by Chiral Sulfoxides/N‐Oxides Lewis Bases: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary α‐Substituted α‐Allyl‐α‐Amino Acids
Authors: Reyes‐Rangel Gloria , Bandala Yamir , García‐Flores Fred , Juaristi Eusebio 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTChiral sulfoxides/N‐oxides (R)‐1 and (R,R)‐2 are effective chiral promoters in the enantioselective allylation of α‐keto ester N‐benzoylhydrazone derivatives 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g to generate the corresponding N‐benzoylhydrazine derivatives 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, with enantiomeric excesses as high as 98%. Representative hydrazine derivatives 4a, 4b were subsequently treated with SmI2, and the resulting amino esters 5a, 5b with LiOH to obtain quaternary α‐substituted α‐allyl α‐amino acids 6a, 6b, whose absolute configuration was assigned as (S), with fundament on chemical correlation and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Chirality 25:529–540, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Asymmetry of (−)α‐Pinene as Revealed from its Raman Optical Activity Spectrum
Authors: Wang Peijie , Fang Yan , Wu Guozhen 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTAn algorithm is employed to retrieve the differential bond polarizabilities of the C‐C bonds from the Raman optical activity (ROA) spectrum of (−)α‐pinene. (−)α‐pinene possesses two asymmetric centers (carbon atoms) and a local mirror symmetry. These differential bond polarizabilities show the characteristics of the asymmetry around the asymmetric carbons with respect to the mirror reflection. This analysis is accompanied along with the ROA mode signatures and the calculated β(G ')2 and β(A)2which show the ROA coupling mechanisms involving the electric/magnetic dipoles and the electric dipole/quadrupole, respectively. Chirality 25:600–605, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Species distribution modeling in the cloud
Authors: Candela Leonardo , Castelli Donatella , Coro Gianpaolo , Pagano Pasquale , Sinibaldi Fabio 
Published: July 2013

SummarySpecies distribution modeling is a process aiming at computationally predicting the distribution of species in geographic areas on the basis of environmental parameters including climate data. Such a quantitative approach has a lot of potentialities in many areas that include setting up conservation priorities, testing biogeographic hypotheses, and assessing the impact of accelerated land use. To further promote the diffusion of such an approach, it is fundamental to develop a flexible, comprehensive, and robust environment capable of enabling practitioners and communities of practice to produce species distribution models more efficiently. A promising way to build such an environment is offered by modern infrastructures promoting the sharing of resources, including hardware, software, data, and services. This paper describes an approach to species distribution modeling based on a Hybrid Data Infrastructure that can offer a rich array of data and data management services by leveraging other infrastructures (including Cloud). It discusses the whole set of services needed to support the phases of such a complex process including access to occurrence records and environmental parameters and the processing of such information to predict the probability of a species’ occurrence in given areas.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Opposing effects on glutathione and reactive oxygen metabolites of sex, habitat, and spring date, but no effect of increased breeding density in great tits (Parus major)
Authors: Isaksson Caroline 
Published: July 2013

AbstractOxidative stress (i.e., more oxidants than antioxidants) has been proposed as a proximate currency in life‐history trade‐offs, which if studied in an ecological setting allow a more realistic perspective on the origin and evolution of trade‐offs. Therefore, the aim here was to investigate the impact of ecological and individual factors for variation in markers of oxidative stress using both experimental and correlational data. Total glutathione (tGSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), plasma antioxidant capacity (OXY), and plasma‐reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) were measured in more than 700 breeding great tits (Parus major). The main results revealed a pronounced sex difference, with females having lower ROM and OXY, but higher tGSH compared with males. In addition, birds breeding in the evergreen areas had higher tGSH compared with those in the deciduous habitat, but the experimentally manipulated breeding density had no significant effect on any of the redox markers. Independent of the sex differences, the larger the reproductive investment the lower the ROM of both males and females. Taken together, the extracellular markers – ROM and OXY – revealed similar results and were highly correlated. Interestingly, the direction of their effects was in the opposite direction to the endogenously synthesized tGSH and GSSG. This highlights the need to combine extracellular markers with endogenously synthesized antioxidants to understand its implications for the origin and evolution of trade‐offs in an ecological setting.
Global change‐type drought‐induced tree mortality: vapor pressure deficit is more important than temperature per se in causing decline in tree health
Authors: Eamus Derek , Boulain Nicolas , Cleverly James , Breshears David D. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDrought‐induced tree mortality is occurring across all forested continents and is expected to increase worldwide during the coming century. Regional‐scale forest die‐off influences terrestrial albedo, carbon and water budgets, and land‐surface energy partitioning. Although increased temperatures during drought are widely identified as a critical contributor to exacerbated tree mortality associated with “global‐change‐type drought”, corresponding changes in vapor pressure deficit (D) have rarely been considered explicitly and have not been disaggregated from that of temperature per se. Here, we apply a detailed mechanistic soil–plant–atmosphere model to examine the impacts of drought, increased air temperature (+2°C or +5°C), and increased vapor pressure deficit (D; +1 kPa or +2.5 kPa), singly and in combination, on net primary productivity (NPP) and transpiration and forest responses, especially soil moisture content, leaf water potential, and stomatal conductance. We show that increased D exerts a larger detrimental effect on transpiration and NPP, than increased temperature alone, with or without the imposition of a 3‐month drought. Combined with drought, the effect of increased D on NPP was substantially larger than that of drought plus increased temperature. Thus, the number of days when NPP was zero across the 2‐year simulation was 13 or 14 days in the control and increased temperature scenarios, but increased to approximately 200 days when D was increased. Drought alone increased the number of days of zero NPP to 88, but drought plus increased temperature did not increase the number of days. In contrast, drought and increased D resulted in the number of days when NPP = 0 increasing to 235 (+1 kPa) or 304 days (+2.5 kPa). We conclude that correct identification of the causes of global change‐type mortality events requires explicit consideration of the influence of D as well as its interaction with drought and temperature.
Effects of vertical irregularity and thickness of unreinforced masonry infill on the robustness of RC framed buildings
Authors: Mondal Goutam , Tesfamariam Solomon 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYPresence of irregularities in reinforced concrete (RC) buildings increases seismic vulnerability. During severe seismic shaking, such buildings may suffer disproportionate damage or even collapse that can be minimized by increasing robustness. Robustness is a desirable property of structural systems that can mitigate susceptible buildings to disproportionate collapse. In this paper, the effects of vertical irregularity and thickness of unreinforced masonry infill on the robustness of a six‐story three‐bay RC frame are quantified. Nonlinear static analysis of the frame is performed, and parametric study is undertaken by considering two parameters: absence of masonry infill at different floors (i.e., vertical irregularities) and infill thickness. Robustness has been quantified in terms of stiffness, base shear, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of the frame. It was observed that the infill thickness and vertical irregularity have significant influence on the response of RC frame. The response surface method is used to develop a predictive equation for robustness as a function of the two parameters. The predictive equation is validated further using 12 randomly selected computer simulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does crustacean ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity vary during the molting cycle?
Authors: Hotard Kate , Zou Enmin 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

The authors examined fluctuation in microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in the hepatopancreas during the molting cycle of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Results showed that microsomal EROD activity fluctuates significantly during the molting cycle, with the lowest enzymatic activity occurring in the late premolt stage. These results clearly show that molting physiology influences crustacean EROD activity, suggesting that when using crustacean EROD assays in evaluating pollution, only individuals from the same molt stage should be used. The authors propose that the high level of EROD activity in postmolt and intermolt stages is an additional mechanism crustaceans use to prevent any untimely rise in ecdysteroid levels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2345–2348. © 2013 SETAC
Soil water content vertical profiles under natural conditions: matching of experiments and simulations by a conceptual model
Authors: Morbidelli R. , Saltalippi C. , Flammini A. , Rossi E. , Corradini C. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe prediction of soil moisture content, θ, as a function of depth, z, and time, t, is of fundamental importance for applications in many hydrological processes. The main objective of this paper is to provide an approach to solve this problem at a local scale in soils with vegetation. The matching of soil moisture vertical profiles observed under natural conditions in grassy plots and their simulations by a conceptual model is presented. Experimental measurements were performed in a plot located in Central Italy, complete with hydrometeorological sensors specifically set up and equipped with a time domain reflectometry system providing the water content, θe(z, t). A conceptual model framework earlier proposed for two‐layered soil vertical profiles was modified and adopted for simulations. The changes concern the incorporation of evapotranspiration, the reduction of the original model for applications also to homogeneous soil vertical profiles, and a correction for the differences existing between assumed and observed initial moisture contents. In the model calibration, it was found that the effects of vegetation could be represented adequately by a fictitious soil vertical profile with a more permeable upper layer of saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, independent of time. Then, for the validation events, the model simulations in the stages of both infiltration and redistribution/evapotranspiration reproduced appropriately θe(z, t) with typical values of root mean square error in the range 0.0017–0.0657. Similar results were obtained by applying the modified two‐layered model for simulations of experimental data observed in three other plots located in Northern Italy and Germany. For all four vegetated sites, the two‐layer profile better matched the experimental data than the assumption of a homogeneous profile. Thus, the conceptual approach based on a two‐layered scheme for representing θ(z, t) in soils with vegetation appears to be appropriate for many hydrological applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of Indole Derivatives from 2‐Alkynylanilines by Means of Gold Catalysis
Authors: Abbiati Giorgio , Marinelli Fabio , Rossi Elisabetta , Arcadi Antonio 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe peculiar features of gold(III) and gold(I) species include exceptional carbophilicity and, at the same time, lone pair affinity. Such a combination offers many advantages for the development of more sustainable approaches to the synthesis of indole derivatives from readily available 2‐alkynylanilines. This mini‐review critically summarizes the literature reports in this field, with the aim to encourage further research activities in this promising area.
INVESTIGATING THE CHALLENGES FACING DRAINAGE WATER REUSE STRATEGY IN EGYPT USING EMPIRICAL MODELLING AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
Authors: Ghaffar Eman Abdel , Shaban M. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis research investigates the challenges facing drainage water reuse (DWR) strategy in Egypt using empirical modelling and sensitivity analysis. An empirical model, that can describe the relationship between the amount of DWR in the Nile Delta and its major challenges as predictor variables, was developed. A correlation was carried out followed by multiple regression analyses. In addition, sensitivity analysis was performed to detect the most effective challenge.It was found that some of these predictors are useful for predicting DWR using a significant regression model at 0.1% level. The results revealed that fresh water released to irrigation (FWRI) is the best predictor of DWR, followed by the irrigation improvement project areas (IIP‐A) and rice cultivation area (RCA).However, it was clear that the effect of the RCA on the DWR is much stronger than the effect of IIP‐As. Meanwhile drainage water quality (DWQ) varied within a narrow range without a clear tendency where DWR showed a positive trend (continuous increase). On the other hand, the sensitivity analysis revealed that reducing fresh water released to the irrigation system by 30% will lead to a reduction in drainage water reuse up to 50%, while reducing RCAs by 30% will result in a reduction of drainage water reuse by 14.8%. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Control of metabolic and cardiovascular function by the leptin–brain melanocortin pathway
Authors: do Carmo Jussara M. , da Silva Alexandre A. , Dubinion John , Sessums Price O. , Ebaady Sabira H. , Wang Zhen , Hall John E. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObesity is recognized as a major worldwide health problem. Excess weight gain is the most common cause of elevated blood pressure (BP) and markedly increases the risk of metabolic, cardiovascular and renal diseases. Although the mechanisms linking obesity with hypertension have not been fully elucidated, increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity contributes to elevated BP in obese subjects. Recent evidence indicates that leptin and the central nervous system (CNS) melanocortin system, including melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4R), play a key role in linking obesity with increased SNS activity and hypertension. Leptin, a peptide‐hormone produced by adipose tissue, crosses the blood–brain barrier and activates brain centers that control multiple metabolic functions as well as SNS activity and BP via the CNS melanocortin system. The crosstalk between peripheral signals (e.g., leptin) and activation of CNS pathways (e.g., MC4R) that regulate energy balance, SNS activity and BP represents an important target for treating obesity and its metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. © 2013 IUBMB Life, 65(8):692–698, 2013
Chemical nanoroughening of Ti40Nb surfaces and its effect on human mesenchymal stromal cell response
Authors: Helth A. , Gostin P.F. , Oswald S. , Wendrock H. , Wolff U. , Hempel U. , Arnhold S. , Calin M. , Eckert J. , Gebert A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSamples of low modulus beta‐type Ti40Nb and cp2‐Ti were chemically treated with 98% H2SO4 + 30% H2O2 (vol. ratio 1:1) solution. Surface analytical studies conducted with HR‐SEM, AFM, and XPS identified a characteristic nanoroughness of the alloy surface related with a network of nanopits of ∼25 nm diameter. This is very similar to that obtained for cp2‐Ti. The treatment enhances the oxide layer growth compared to mechanically ground states and causes a strong enrichment of Nb2O5 relative to TiO2 on the alloy surface. The in vitro analyses clearly indicated that the chemical treatment accelerates the adhesion and spreading of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC), increases the metabolic activity, and the enzyme activity of tissue non‐specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Surface structures which were generated mimic the cytoplasmic projections of the cells on the nanoscale. Those effects are more pronounced for the Ti40Nb alloy than for cp2‐Ti. The relation between alloy surface topography and chemistry and cell functions is discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 31–41, 2014.