bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of three pre- and intraoperative measurement techniques for osteotomy positioning in the tibial plateau levelling procedure
Authors: Mossman H. , Nicholson M. , Phelps H. , Morris E. , Bradley R. , Taylor J. , Langenbach A. , von Pfeil D.J. F. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryObjectives: To prospectively compare the accuracy of three preoperative measurement techniques in tibial plateau levelling osteo -tomy (TPLO) planning.Methods: Fifty-nine dogs were randomly assigned to one of three measurement techniques; A, B or C. Surgeons measured the intended osteotomy location on preoperative radiographs according to the assigned technique. Measurements were used intra-operatively during osteotomy placement. Postoperative measurements were made by a single blinded observer and compared to preoperative measurements.Results: Fifty-one dogs were included for final statistical analysis. The mean absolute differences between pre- and postoperative measurements was 1.72 mm ± 0.958, 1.79 mm ± 1.010, and 3.56 mm ± 1.839, for techniques A, B and C, respectively. No significant differences were identified for patient age, gender, limb or surgeon. Techniques A and B were not significantly different (p = 0.8799). Techniques A and B were significantly more accurate than C (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, respectively). Weight was significantly different among the groups (p = 0.047) but the statistical results did not change when an adjustment was made for bodyweight (p = 0.4971, p <0.001 and p = 0.0007, respectively).Clinical significance: Preoperative measuring for planning a TPLO osteotomy is recommended. Techniques A and B in the current study were clinically practical and significantly more accurate compared to technique C.
Novel microsatellites for Calibrachoa heterophylla (Solanaceae) endemic to the South Atlantic Coastal Plain of South America
Authors: Silva‐Arias Gustavo Adolfo , Mäder Geraldo , Bonatto Sandro L. , Freitas Loreta B. 
Published: July 2015

Premise of the study:Calibrachoa heterophylla (Solanaceae) is a petunia species restricted to the South Atlantic Coastal Plain of South America and presents a recent history of colonization from continental to coastal environments and diversification following the formation of the Coastal Plain during the Quaternary period.Methods and Results:This study reports a suite of 16 microsatellite loci for C. heterophylla. The applicability of these markers was assessed by genotyping 57 individuals from two natural populations. Of the 16 described loci, 12 were found to be polymorphic. Successful cross‐amplification tests were obtained using 12 Calibrachoa species.Conclusions:The development of microsatellite markers will be useful to recover the contemporary history of the colonization of the Coastal Plain and to provide information for the conservation of this endemic species.
Langerhans Cell–Dendritic Cell Cross-Talk via Langerin and Hyaluronic Acid Mediates Antigen Transfer and Cross-Presentation of HIV-1
Authors: van den Berg Linda M. , Cardinaud Sylvain , van der Aar Angelic M. G. , Sprokholt Joris K. , de Jong Marein A. W. P. , Zijlstra-Willems Esther M. , Moris Arnaud , Geijtenbeek Teunis B. H. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Human epidermal and mucosal Langerhans cells (LCs) express the C-type lectin receptor langerin that functions as a pattern recognition receptor. LCs are among the first immune cells to interact with HIV-1 during sexual transmission. In this study, we demonstrate that langerin not only functions as a pattern recognition receptor but also as an adhesion receptor mediating clustering between LCs and dendritic cells (DCs). Langerin recognized hyaluronic acid on DCs and removal of these carbohydrate structures partially abrogated LC–DC clustering. Because LCs did not cross-present HIV-1–derived Ags to CD8+ T cells in a cross-presentation model, we investigated whether LCs were able to transfer Ags to DCs. LC–DC clustering led to maturation of DCs and facilitated Ag transfer of HIV-1 to DCs, which subsequently induced activation of CD8+ cells. The rapid transfer of Ags to DCs, in contrast to productive infection of LCs, suggests that this might be an important mechanism for induction of anti–HIV-1 CD8+ T cells. Induction of the enzyme hyaluronidase-2 by DC maturation allowed degradation of hyaluronic acid and abrogated LC–DC interactions. Thus, we have identified an important function of langerin in mediating LC–DC clustering, which allows Ag transfer to induce CTL responses to HIV-1. Furthermore, we showed this interaction is mediated by hyaluronidase-2 upregulation after DC maturation. These data underscore the importance of LCs and DCs in orchestrating adaptive immunity to HIV-1. Novel strategies might be developed to harness this mechanism for vaccination.
Reading of the Architectural Identity via Cinema
Authors: Alkan Bala Havva 
Published: July 2015

This study focused on the identity and proficiency of the profession of architecture via characters of “architect”, “student of architecture” and “having ambition to become an architect” in various films. Conclusions have been drawn about the professional applications and architectural life from the cinematographic level regarding the architect characters and their jobs via the seven films and a total of eleven different architect characters studied. This study aims to revise, through the cinema, the questions of what does an architect do? How does an architect work? What are the tools that an architect uses? How does an architect create their works? What is the mental map of an architect like? In short, who is an architect? New conclusions have been drawn, via a total of eleven different characters of architects in seven films, about architects and architects’ job from the cinematographic level to Professional practiceand architectural life.
Leber Congenital Amaurosis: First Genotyped Hungarian Patients and Report of 2 Novel Mutations in the CRB1 and CEP290 Genes
Authors: Vámos Rita , Külm Maigi , Szabó Viktoria , Ahman Aune , Lesch Balázs , Schneider Miklós , Varsányi Balázs , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Németh János , Farkas Ágnes 
Published: July 2015

Purpose To introduce the first Hungarian patients with genetically defined Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) and to report 2 novel mutations. Methods Seven otherwise healthy patients (4-29 years, 5 male and 2 female) who had an onset of severe visual impairment before age 2 years were investigated. The diagnosis was established in all individuals by medical history, funduscopy, and full-field electroretinogram (ERG). Ocular examination included visual acuity testing, digital fundus photography, and in 6 patients retinal imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Arrayed primer extension microarray screening was performed in all probands. In 2 patients, further Sanger sequencing and targeted next-generation sequencing revealed the second disease allele. Results A cone-rod type LCA was revealed in 4 patients and a rod-cone type disease in 3 patients. Five patients presented with maculopathy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging showed diffuse retinal thickening in 3 probands with severe macular atrophy in one. Full-field ERGs were undetectable or residual in all patients. Genetic screening revealed AIPL1, CRB1, and CEP290 gene-related pathology in 6 patients; in 1 proband, no mutation was found. Three homozygous and 3 compound heterozygous mutations were identified. Two novel variants were detected: c.2536G>T (p.G846X) in the CRB1 gene and c.4929delA (p.Lys1643fsX2) in the CEP290 gene. Conclusions Genetic subtypes identified are among the most common ones in LCA; the phenotypes are consistent with those reported previously. Both novel mutations are predicted to result in a premature translation termination. The phenotype related to the novel CRB1 mutation results in severe atrophic maculopathy.
Quantitative Assessment of Corneal Clarity in Keratoconus: A Case Control Study of Corneal Densitometry
Authors: Anayol Mustafa Alpaslan , Sekeroglu Mehmet Ali , Ceran Basak Bostanci , Dogan Mehmethan , Gunaydin Suleyman , Yilmazbas Pelin 
Published: July 2015

Purpose To evaluate corneal clarity quantitatively by corneal densitometry measurement in treatment-naive keratoconus patients and to compare these results with those of healthy control subjects. Methods Corneal densitometry measurement of consecutive treatment-naive keratoconus patients and healthy control subjects was performed by Scheimpflug corneal topography (Pentacam®HR). Corneal densitometry measurements were expressed in gray scale unit (GSU) and the data from the right eyes of subjects were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 102 subjects (51 patients with keratoconus [27 male, 24 female] and 51 healthy control subjects [24 male, 27 female]) were included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference with regard to the mean age (p = 0.910) or distribution of sex (p = 0.552) between the groups. There were significant differences in corneal densitometry values of the groups in central 2 mm (17.95 ± 0.33 GSU in keratoconus and 16.43 ± 0.24 GSU in controls, p<0.001) and in annulus of 2 to 6 mm in diameter (15.88 ± 0.26 GSU in keratoconus and 15.02 ± 0.22 GSU in controls, p = 0.015). When considering the measurements in different depths, the anterior layer displayed the highest densitometry value compared to that of both the central and posterior layers. Corneal densitometry of anterior 0-2 mm was positively correlated with simulated K value (r = 0.446, p = 0.001), whereas it was negatively correlated with central corneal thickness (r = −0.361, p = 0.016) in keratoconus patients. Conclusions Treatment-naive keratoconus patients have significantly higher corneal densitometry values in central cornea when compared to healthy control subjects. The clinical relevance should be further studied in detail.
Eye Disorders in Children with Celiac Disease
Authors: Urganci Nafiye , Kalyoncu Derya 
Published: July 2015

Purpose To determine the prevalence of eye disorders in children with celiac disease (CD). Methods A total of 67 patients with CD aged from 1 to 16 years and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy children were screened for decreased visual acuity, cataract, uveitis, and diabetic retinopathy at diagnosis and during follow‐up. Results None of the patients had eye disorders at diagnosis. Only 2 of the patients had accommodative dysfunction and the others had no change in visual function during the follow-up. One of the controls had accommodative dysfunction. Conclusions No significant association was found between CD and eye disorders such as visual acuity, cataract, and uveitis among children.
Ophthalmic Manifestations in Recently Diagnosed Childhood Leukemia
Authors: Bitirgen Gulfidan , Belviranli Selman , Caliskan Umran , Tokgoz Huseyin , Ozkagnici Ahmet , Zengin Nazmi 
Published: July 2015

Purpose To determine the prevalence and the pattern of ocular involvement in children with leukemia at the time of diagnosis. Methods The data of patients with leukemia who underwent complete ophthalmic examination at the time of diagnosis between January 2005 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, type of leukemia, ocular findings, blood parameters, and duration of follow-up were analyzed. Results A total of 185 patients (111 male and 74 female) were included in the study, with a median age of 6.0 years (range 0.5-18.0 years) and a median follow-up time of 36.0 months (range 0.5-108.0 months). Ocular signs were present in 24.3% of the patients at the time of diagnosis and 37.8% of them were symptomatic. The prevalence of ocular involvement was 20.4% in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 36.4% in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) (p = 0.051). Fatality rate was significantly higher in subjects with AML compared with ALL (p = 0.019), but was not significantly different between patients with and without ocular involvement (p = 0.166). There were no significant differences in hemoglobin levels, white blood cell counts, or platelet counts between patients with ALL and AML. Platelet counts were significantly lower in patients with ocular signs compared with subjects without ocular involvement (p = 0.012), while hemoglobin levels and white blood cell counts did not differ significantly. Conclusions Various ocular signs may be present at the time of diagnosis in childhood leukemia, even in patients without any symptoms. Routine ophthalmic examination should be performed in recently diagnosed children with leukemia.
An Unusual Case of Acute Glaucoma in Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Authors: Lambiase Alessandro , Mantelli Flavio , Mannino Giuseppe , Recupero Santi Maria 
Published: July 2015

purpose Sturge-Weber syndrome is a phakomatosis with involvement of the eyelids, conjunctiva, choroid, and retina. Congenital glaucoma is the most common ocular complication resulting from raised episcleral venous pressure. We present an unusual case of glaucoma induced by pupillary block in an 81-year-old woman with Sturge-Weber syndrome. Methods The patient was referred for acute loss of vision OD and right-sided headache, pain, and nausea. The visual acuity was light perception OD with an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 41 mm Hg. Slit-lamp examination showed diffuse corneal edema OD associated with pupillary occlusion leading to angle closure and acute glaucoma attack. No pathologic changes were evidenced in the left eye. Results The raised IOP was partly relieved following administration of intravenous acetazolamide 250 mg, accompanied by relief of both pain and nausea. Laser iridotomy was performed OD, reducing the IOP to 22 mm Hg. The patient underwent cataract surgery with pupil membrane removal, leading to IOP of 17 mm Hg, but visual acuity remains unchanged due to optic nerve atrophy. Conclusions This case supports the importance of involving an ophthalmologist in the management of Sturge-Weber syndrome, with monitoring of IOP, since early management of glaucoma can modify the visual outcome.
Twenty-Four-Hour Intraocular Pressure Monitoring in Normotensive Patients Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis
Authors: Panagiotou Evangelia S. , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Giannopoulos Theodoros , Voudouragkaki Irini C. , Demirtzi Paraskevi , Paschalinou Eleni , Nikitidou Olga , Kapis Paraskevas V. , Konstas Anastasios G.P. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose To investigate 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) changes caused by hemodialysis (HD). Methods A prospective, observational, comparative 24-hour trial was performed on consecutive subjects with normal IOP undergoing maintenance HD 3 days a week between 13:00 and 17:00 hours in an academic setting. Following a comprehensive ocular assessment, those with conditions that may influence IOP were excluded and one eye was randomly selected. Twenty-four-hour IOP monitoring was performed on HD day 1 and then on a day without HD. The IOP was measured at 10:00, 13:00, 15:00, 17:00, 22:00, 02:00, and 06:00 employing Goldmann and Perkins tonometry on habitual position. During the course of 1 year, 18 patients completed the study. Results Monitoring of IOP on HD day showed a significantly higher mean 24-hour IOP (15.4 ± 2.7 vs 14.1 ± 2.2 mm Hg; p = 0.025), higher mean peak 24-hour IOP (18.5 ± 3.5 vs 15.8 ± 2.5 mm Hg; p = 0.003), and wider 24-hour IOP fluctuation (6.2 ± 2.3 vs 4.0 ± 1.9 mm Hg; p = 0.001). When individual time points were compared, IOP was significantly higher at 17:00 on HD day, reflecting a gradual IOP elevation during HD (p = 0.021). Further, during the HD procedure (13:00-17:00), the mean IOP was significantly higher on a HD day (16.4 ± 3.0 vs 14.7 ± 2.4 mm Hg; p = 0.004). Conclusions This prospective, before/after trial suggests that HD significantly impacts 24-hour IOP characteristics in normotensive eyes. The long-term significance of these findings requires further elucidation in normotensive patients and, predominantly, in patients with glaucoma undergoing HD.
Long-Term Analysis of IOL Stability of the Lewis Technique for Scleral Fixation
Authors: Cavallini Gian Maria , Volante Veronica , De Maria Michele , Torlai Giulio , Forlini Matteo , Chiesi Laura , Campi Luca , Cagini Carlo 
Published: July 2015

Purpose To demonstrate that in case of absence of capsular support intraocular lens (IOL) scleral fixation is both effective and stable over years. Methods A total of 13 eyes from 13 patients who underwent an IOL scleral fixation according to Lewis suturing technique between January 2001 and December 2008 were studied. Patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic evaluation. The IOL stability was assessed using slit-lamp and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) examination. The IOL stability was evaluated in terms of centration and tilting. All the knots were photographed and their integrity assessed. Results Follow-up was 60–129 months. Eleven knots appeared evident and undamaged, 6 knots were eroded, and 9 knots were not detectable. All IOLs were stable in the sulcus. Two patients presented a slight decentration of the IOL at the slit-lamp examination, while the AS-OCT demonstrated slight tilting of the lenses in 4 patients. Conclusions The Lewis technique for IOL scleral fixation is an optimal surgical technique in case of absence of capsular support. No IOL luxation in the vitreous chamber has been reported; only 2 of the 10 patients with at least one eroded knot presented a minimal decentration of the lens with no influence on visual acuity. Although knot erosion is not an uncommon occurrence, IOL remains stable in the long term, probably due to a fibrotic process around the suture, and the IOL haptics, which prevent IOL dislocation.
Current Outcomes and Indications for Cryopreserved Vein Allografts in Hemodialysis Access Surgery
Authors: Jadlowiec Caroline C. , Lavallee Matthew , Mannion Elizabeth M. , Lally Anne , Rochon Caroline , Sheiner Patricia A. , Brown Matthew G. 
Published: July 2015

Introduction Cryopreserved vein allografts (cadaveric vein) have emerged as an option for arteriovenous graft reconstruction; however, indications for their use in hemodialysis access remains to be clearly defined. Observations from our own experience have suggested that cadaveric vein grafts (CVGs) provide good outcomes, particularly in patients with a history of infection, recurrent access failure and advanced age. Methods This is a 10-year retrospective study. Primary outcomes were ( 1 ) to identify characteristics specific to this patient population and ( 2 ) to better define indications for use of cadaveric vein in hemodialysis access creation. Results Indications for creation of CVGs included patient history of either active or recent infection (41.5%), recurrent access failure (43.4%) or surgeon preference secondary to patients’ advanced age (9.4%). Observed primary patency rates were 84.9% (30 days), 22.6% (1 year) and 16.0% (2 years). Secondary patency was 93.4% (30 days), 66.0% (1 year) and 52.8% (2 years). Patient death was the highest cause of graft abandonment (52.9%) followed by thrombosis (19.1%), infection (11.7%) and rupture (11.7%). CVG patency at the time of patient death was 83.7%. Conclusions The rates of both primary and secondary patency in CVGs are highly comparable to the reported patency rates of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts and allow for lifelong maintenance of dialysis access. Our observed outcome suggests that CVGs should be considered for patients needing vascular access in the presence of infection. CVGs may likewise be viable alternatives to PTFE grafts in the elderly and patients with limited access options.
Preemptive Open Surgical vs. Endovascular Repair for Juxta-Anastomotic Stenoses of Autogenous AV Fistulae: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Argyriou Christos , Schoretsanitis Nikolaos , Georgakarakos Efstratios I. , Georgiadis George S. , Lazarides Miltos K. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose There is controversy about the best mode of preemptive repair of juxta-anastomotic stenoses in radial-cephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVFs). The aim of the present review was to compare the outcome of surgical vs. endovascular repair of those AVF stenoses. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed for studies comparing the outcome of open surgical vs. endovascular preemptive repair of AVF stenoses located in the juxta-anastomotic region. A search was carried out in April 2015. The analyzed outcome measures were the primary patency at 12 and 18 months and the assisted primary patency at 24 months. In addition, assessment of the methodological quality of the included studies was carried out. Results Four non-randomized cohort studies (297 patients) were analyzed. A random effects model was used to pool the data. The pooled odds ratio (OR and 95% confidence intervals) for the primary patency at 12 and at 18 months was 0.42 (0.25-0.72) and 0.33 (0.2-0.56), respectively, showing statistically significant higher patency of the surgically repaired group. The pooled OR for the assisted primary patency at 24 months was 0.53 (0.28-0.98) also in favor of the surgically repaired group (p<0.04) Conclusions The available evidence, based on non-randomized cohort studies, suggests that surgery is the best way to treat ‘juxta-anastomotic’ stenotic lesions in distal radial-cephalic AVFs, although angioplasty remains a valuable but less durable option in this location of the stenosis.
Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in PRKDC and XRCC4 with Risk of ESCC in a High-Incidence Region of North China
Authors: Yang Hong-Li , Qiao Dong-Dong , Li Kun , Cheng Xiao-Li , Yang Jing , Zhao Jian-Jian , Xu Chang-Qing , Li Yan-Qing 
Published: July 2015

Background The nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway is the main mechanism repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in human cells. This research was designed to study the association between selected variants in NHEJ members and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), PRKDC (rs7003908) and X-ray repair cross complementing group 4 (XRCC4; rs1805377), were genotyped in a total of 189 patients with ESCC and 189 unrelated control individuals in a high-risk area for ESCC in North China, and the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was applied. Results A significantly different distribution was found in the frequency of PRKDC (rs7003908) genotype between the ESCC group and controls. Individuals homozygous for the C allele had a significant (3.185-fold) increased risk of ESCC. As for XRCC4 (rs1805377) polymorphism, no difference was found in distribution between the ESCC and control groups. Conclusions Our results suggest that variation in DNA repair genes may be associated with risk of ESCC.