bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Care Reform and Young Adults' Access to Sexual Health Care: An Exploration of Potential Confidentiality Implications of the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Frerich Ellen A. , Garcia Carolyn M. , Long Sharon K. , Lechner Kate E. , Lust Katherine , Eisenberg Marla E. 
Published: August 2012

One provision of the 2010 Affordable Care Act is extension of dependent coverage for young adults aged up to 26 years on their parent’s private insurance plan. This change, meant to increase insurance coverage for young adults, might yield unintended consequences. Confidentiality concerns may be triggered by coverage through parental insurance, particularly regarding sexual health. The existing literature and our original research suggest that actual or perceived limits to confidentiality could influence the decisions of young adults about whether, and where, to seek care for sexual health issues. Further research is needed on the scope and outcomes of these concerns. Possible remedial actions include enhanced policies to protect confidentiality in billing and mechanisms to communicate confidentiality protections to young adults.
Young Parenthood Program: Supporting Positive Paternal Engagement Through Coparenting Counseling
Authors: Florsheim Paul , Burrow-Sánchez Jason J. , Minami Takuya , McArthur Laura , Heavin Sarah , Hudak Cristina 
Published: August 2012

Objectives. Because of their youth, adolescent parents often lack the interpersonal skills necessary to manage the relationship challenges involved in parenting, leaving them and their children vulnerable to the health risks associated with relational stress and conflict. The primary goal of this study was to test the efficacy of the Young Parenthood Program (YPP), a 10-week counseling program administered during pregnancy and designed to facilitate interpersonal skill development and positive parenting among adolescent parents. Methods. Participants included 105 pregnant adolescents and their partners randomly assigned to YPP or treatment as usual. Assessments measured coparenting skills and parental functioning during the second trimester, 12 weeks after birth, and 18 months after birth. Results. Results indicated that fathers completing YPP demonstrated more positive parenting than did fathers in the control group. Moreover, the positive outcomes in paternal functioning were mediated through changes in the mother’s interpersonal skill development. Conclusions. Results supported the efficacy of this couples-focused, coparenting support program, particularly for facilitating positive paternal engagement. These findings underscored the relevance of including fathers in the delivery of maternal-child public health services.
Study on Highly Active Anti- Retroviral Therapy: prescription pattern and side effects
Authors: Sapkota Sujata , Shakya Rajani , Pandey Basudev 
Published: August 2012

Since the introduction of Highly Active Anti Retroviral therapy (HAART) by World Health Organization in 1996, it has been the employed method of drug use in HIV management. Involvement of multiple drugs in the regimen, has also invited multiple complications and side effects is one of them. High chances of occurrence of side effects has called for the need of proper identification and therapy management tools for each HAART user and has highlighted the importance of individualized drug therapy. The aim of the study the prescription pattern of the HAART regimen; frequency of regimen change and its major causes; and the side- effects from HAART. The study was conducted in the ART Clinic of SukraRaj Tropical & Infectious Disease Hospital, Teku. 109 patients, who came to the clinic to refill their prescription, were interviewed by the researcher. After interview, medication file of each patient was reviewed to study the prescribed drug regimen, drug changes and identified reasons for the drug change (as identified by the physicians and recorded in patient medication file); reported side effect experience and laboratory reports were analyzed to study the effect of the HAART regimen on hemoglobin and Alanine Aminotransferase enzyme. The study revealed that the most prescribed HAART regimen constituted a combination of Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine. 52% of the patients reported having experienced side effects from HAART. 23.85% patients had to have their initial regimen changed because of drug toxicity. Nausea (15.6%), vertigo (14.7%), decreased hemoglobin (11.9%), skin rash/ allergy (9.2%) were the major side effects experience reported by the patients. In addition to some side effects like nausea, vertigo etc; decrease in the level of hemoglobin after the initiation of HAART was evident. Decrease in Zidovudine containing regimen, during the regimen change was apparent and was mostly related to its hemoglobin lowering activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnpa.v26i1.6630 JNPA. XXVI(1) 2012 12-18
Curcumin: A Challenge in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Basnet Purusotam , Skalko-Basnet Natasa 
Published: August 2012

Oxidative damage initiates the inflammation and inflammation has been pointed out as the root cause of cancer and various other chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested that cancer could be prevented or significantly reduced by appropriate treatment with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, curcumin, a principal component of turmeric (curry spice) exhibiting strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, might be a potential candidate for the prevention and/or treatment of cancer and other chronic diseases. However, curcumin, in spite of its excellent safety profile, multitargeting effects and strong evidences on the molecular levels, could not achieve the desired therapeutic outcome in the past clinical trials, mainly due to its low solubility and poor bioavailability. Curcumin can be developed as a therapeutic drug through improvement in formulation properties or delivery systems, enabling its enhanced absorption and cellular uptake. This review mainly focuses on its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials and recent developments in dosage form and delivery systems, opening the possibilities of therapeutic application of curcumin in the prevention and/or treatment of cancer.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnpa.v26i1.6631 JNPA. XXVI(1) 2012 19-47
Bacterial Load in Relation to Physicochemical Parameters and Phytoplankton Abundance of an Urban Pond
Authors: Karim Md Abdul , Begum ZN Tahmida , Islam Md Sariful 
Published: August 2012

Abundance of bacteria and phytoplankton was studied in different months of an urban pond of Dhaka Metropolis from May 2009 to February 2010. Interrelationships among bacteria, phytoplankton densities and the physiochemical properties were also determined. The abundance of bacteria ranged from 5.9×103 to 1.5×107 cfu/100 ml and showed high densities between May and July, while the density of phytoplankton varied from 6.7×104 to 7.5×106 cells/l. Bacterial abundance showed a significant positive correlation with air and water temperature, while phytoplankton showed a significant negative correlation with both of them. Furthermore, bacteria showed a significant positive correlation with conductivity, TDS and alkalinity. Among the physicochemical variables water temperature was significantly correlated with air temperature, pH and alkalinity. Conductivity correlated significantly with TDS and alkalinity. With few exceptions there was inverse relationship between phytoplankton and bacterial abundance in the pond DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11077 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 15-20, 2012 (June)
Limnology of Lake Ashura, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Authors: Alfasane Md Almujaddade , Gani Md Ataul , Islam Md Shafiqul , Khondker Moniruzzaman 
Published: August 2012

Results of limnological investigation of lake Ashura showed that air and water temperatures were 31.5 ± 0.25ºC and 30.0 ± 0.45ºC, respectively in the month of April, 2011. pH, alkalinity, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and TDS of water were 7.11 ± 0.02, 2.96 ± 0.58 meq/l, 760.67 ± 8.08 ?S/cm, 7.72 ± 0.41 mg/l and 104.67 ± 1.53 mg/l, respectively. The concentration of NO3-N, SRP and SRS were 63.33 ± 25.16 ?g/l, 11.60 ± 1.60 ?g/l and 14.36 ± 0.25 mg/l, respectively. Phytoplankton biomass as chl a and concentration of phaeopigment were 5.33 and 3.41 ?g/l, respectively. The density of phytoplankton was 552.84 × 103 ind/l. A total of 35 species of phytoplankton were recorded of which 15 belonged to Euglenophyceae, followed by Chlorophyceae (8), Bacillariophyceae (7), Cyanophyceae (4) and Cryptophyceae (1). Macrophyte flora was represented by 31 species. The dominant species were Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara. and Oryza sativa L. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11081 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 43-48, 2012 (June)
Genetic Divergence in Yardlong Bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Ssp. Sesquipedalis Verdc.)
Authors: Huque AKM Mahmudul , Hossain MK , Alam N , Hasanuzzaman M , Biswas BK 
Published: August 2012

Genetic divergence among 13 commercial yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ssp. sesquipedalis Verdc.) genotypes was investigated to select the parents for hybridization using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Cluster analysis was used for grouping 13 yardlong bean genotypes. The genotypes fall into four clusters. Cluster III had the maximum (5) and cluster I had the minimum (1) number of genotypes. Cluster III (D2 = 1.439) had highest intra-cluster distance and the lowest in cluster I (D2 = 0.000). The inter-cluster divergence ranged from 4.160 to 15.515 between clusters II and III and clusters I and II, respectively. The characteristics i.e. number of pods per plant, number of pods per cluster, days to first flowering, and vegetable pod yield per plant contributed maximum towards divergence among yardlong bean genotypes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11084 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 61-69, 2012 (June)
Ethno-Medico-Botanical Study in Lawachara National Park, Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Zashim , Hassan Md Abul , Rahman Mizanur , Arefin Kamrul 
Published: August 2012

Use of medicinal plants for primary health care by the local people in and around the Lawachara National Park, Bangladesh was recorded. A total of 56 plant species under 30 families with 70 formularies (treatment mode) have been documented. Among the medicinal species, Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., C. maxima (Burm.) Merr., Cucurbita pepo L., Lepisanthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh., Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotz., Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauv. have been reported as new medicinal species from Bangladesh. Out of these plant species, 39.29% belonged to herbs, 19.64% shrubs, 3.71% trees and 5.36% climbers. In majority cases, leaves of the medicinal plants were found leading in terms of their use followed by fruit, bark, stem, seed, whole plant, latex, rhizome and inflorescence. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11087 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 97-104, 2012 (June)
Karyotype and RAPD Analysis in Five Potato Varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Alam Riffat Ara , Habib Md Ahashan , Alam Sheikh Shamimul 
Published: August 2012

Two native and three high yielding potato varieties available in Bangladesh were studied cytogenetically at molecular level to get a preliminary idea about their genomes. These varieties possess 2n = 4x = 48 chromosomes. Each variety has definite centromeric formula. Presence of maximum metacentric chromosomes suggested their karyotypes as symmetric type. The range of individual chromosomal and total length of 2n chromosome complements was also distinct in five varieties. Heteromorphicity regarding centromeric position suggesting the occurrence of structural aberration in respective homologous pairs. Seven primer combinations were used for RAPD finger printing. A few common RAPD bands suggested the sharing of genomic fragments among five varieties. However, each variety showed specific characteristic RAPD bands. Therefore, each variety has characteristic karyotype and RAPD markers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11088 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 105-110, 2012 (June)
Selection of Promising Rapeseed Mutants Through Multi-Location Trials
Authors: Malek MA , Ismail MR , Monshi FI , Mondal MMA , Alam MN 
Published: August 2012

Significant variations were observed for most of the characters among the three promising M5 rapeseed mutants. Mutant RM-025 produced the highest seed yield of 1945 kg/ha followed by RM-005 (1892 kg/ha) and had 11.6 and 8.5% higher seed yield, respectively than the control variety. Under farmers management, on an average, mutant RM-025 and RM-005 produced 1824 and 1725 kg/ha with 11.3% and 5.2% higher seed yield, respectively than the control variety. These two mutants also had higher number of primary branches and siliquae/plant, and 1000-seed weight and required shorter maturity period than the control variety under both management practices. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11089 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 111-114, 2012 (June)
Limnological Notes on Ramsagar, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Authors: Khondker Moniruzzaman , Alfasane Md Almujaddade , Gani Md Ataul , Islam Md Shafiqul 
Published: August 2012

Ramsagar, an artificial lake of Dinajpur district has been investigated limnologically. Mean alkalinity, DO, pH, TDS and conductivity of the lake were 0.50 meq/l, 7.99 mg/l, 6.73, 10.66 mg/l and 73.66 ?S/cm, respectively. The concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus and silicate was very low. Mean value of the former parameter was 3.16 ?g/l and the latter was 0.77 mg/l. Nitrate-nitrogen concentration was < 0.1 mg/l. Phytoplankton biomass as chl a was 5.92 ?g/l and that of phaeopigment 3.65 ?g/l. Phytoplankton flora of the lake was found to be dominated by desmids. The dominant species were Staurastrum coarctatum var. subcurtum (59.35×104, ind/l); S. subgracillimum var. tortum (44.83×104 ind/l) and S. leptacanthum (29.06×104 ind/l). Among the blue-green algae, Anabaena utermöhlii was dominant. Chlorococcales was represented by seven species. The total density of phytoplankton was 163.53×104 ind/l. Considering the overall limnological characteristics, the lake could be characterized as acidic and nutrient poor.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11091 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 119-121, 2012 (June)
Clonal Propagation of Rhynchostylis retusa (Lin.) Blume through in vitro Culture and their Establishment in the Nursery
Authors: Sinha Pinaki , Jahan Miskat Ara Akhter 
Published: August 2012

For high frequency regeneration of Rhyncnostylis retusa (Lin.) Blume apical nodal segments were used. Half strength MS + 2% sucrose + 1.5 mg/l BA + 0.5 mg/l NAA + 2 g/l peptone + 10% (v/v) coconut water (CW) + 0.5 g/l activated charcoal (AC) was the best nutrient medium, on which 89% cultures induced 8 microshoots per culture. Subculture of microshoots for further 8 weeks on the same nutrient medium enhanced the number of microshoots up to 95. For further proliferation of microshoots, their development into shoots as well as formation of secondary microshoots from the base of the old ones, the best medium was half strength of MS + 2% sucrose + 2 g/l peptone + 10% (v/v) CW + 0.5 g/l AC + 150 mg/l L-glutamine. Plantlets with roots were obtained in half strength of MS + 2% sucrose + 2 g/l peptone + 10% (v/v) CW + 0.5 g/l AC + 5.0 g/l banana powder, on which cent per cent shoots rooted within eight weeks. The pH of all the categories of cultures were maintained at 5.6 before adding 2.2 g/l gelrite and autoclaving, and the cultures were incubated at 2000 - 3000 lux for 16/8 hrs light/dark at 24 ± 2ºC. Regeneration of plantlets continued due to repeated subculture of microshoots and regenerants were acclimatized and established in the nursery. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 1-11, 2012 (June) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11242
Agrobacterium-mediated Genetic Transformation in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) followed by In vitro Flowering and Seed Formation
Authors: Das Subroto K. , Shethi Kishwar Jahan , Hoque M. I. , Sarker R. H. 
Published: August 2012

Genetic transformation system was developed for two microsperma varieties of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), namely Bari Masur-4 (BM-4) and Bari Masur-5 (BM-5) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring binary plasmid pBI121, containing GUS and nptII genes. Three different types of embryo explants, namely cotyledonary node (CN), decapitated embryo (DE) and cotyledone attached decapitated embryo (CADE) were used. Highest GUS positive expression was found in DE followed by CADE as detected by transient assays. Following Agrobacterium infection CADE showed better response in developing multiple shoots on MS supplemented with 2.22 µM BAP, 2.32 µM Kn, 0.29 µM GA3 and 30.35 µM tyrosine. Selection of the transformed shoots was carried out by gradually increasing the concentration of kanamycin up to 200 mg/l. Transgenic lentil shoots were produced with an overall frequency of 1.009%. In vitro rooting appeared to have a limitation in obtaining complete plantlets in lentil, therefore in vitro flowering and seed formation were induced in transformed shoots of lentil with a view to recovering of the transgenic progenies. GUS positive shoots were found to produce in vitro flowers and pods on half-strength MS containing 98.4 µM IBA and 2.69 µM NAA. Expression of gene was detected in various tissues of the transformed shoots. Stable integration of GUS gene was also confirmed through PCR analysis. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 13-26, 2012 (June) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11243
Rapid and Efficient Plant Regeneration from Nodal Explants of Artemisia annua L.
Authors: Janarthanam B. , Rashmi P. , Sumathi E. 
Published: August 2012

An efficient plant regeneration protocol was developed for Artemisia annua, an aromatic medicinal herb. Nodal explants inoculated on MS supplemented with 4.44 ?M BAP showed better growth response and produced 116.2 ± 0.1 micro-shoots of an average length 1.9 ± 0.3 cm after 35 days culture. The cluster of small shootlets were cultured on shoot elongation medium supplemented with 1.44 ?M GA3 and 10% coconut milk (CM) showed shoot elongation up to 4.6 ± 0.7 cm. Roots were induced after transfer to half strength MS supplemented with 2.46 ?M IBA produced 14.3 ± 0.2 roots with an average height of 4.3 ± 0.53 cm after 30 days. The rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening, 80 per cent of plantlets survived and resumed growth in the mixture of soil, vermiculite and farm yard manure (1 : 1 : 1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11257 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 33-39, 2012 (June)
Agrobacterium-mediated Genetic Transformation of Local Cultivars of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Sharmin Ripa Akter , Akter Jasmin , Sarker R. H. , Hoque M. I. 
Published: August 2012

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation protocol was established for two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties, namely Barichhola-4 (Bch-4) and Barichhola-5 (Bch-5). Transformation ability of different explants such as decapitated embryo with single cotyledon disc (DEC), decapitated embryo (DE) and slice embryo decapitated at shoot end with single cotyledon disc (SEC) were tested using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring binary plasmid pBI121, containing the GUS and nptII genes. Maximum transformation ability was exhibited by explants of decapitated embryo (DE) from Barichhola-5 (Bch-5). The optimum regeneration from the transformed tissue was achieved on MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP, 0.5 mg/l Kn and 0.2 mg/l NAA along with double the amount of CaCl2 and KNO3. Selection of the transformed shoots was carried out by gradually increasing the concentration of kanamycin to 150 mg/l. Stable expression of the GUS gene was detected in various parts of the transformed shoots through GUS histochemical assay. Stable integration of nptII gene within the genomic DNA from these transformed shoots was confirmed through PCR analysis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11258 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 41-50, 2012 (June)
Direct Organogenesis of Passiflora foetida L. through Nodal Explants
Authors: Anand S.P. , Jayakumar E. , Jeyachandran R. , Nandagobalan V. , Doss A. 
Published: August 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11266Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 87-91, 2012 (June)
A study on incidence of gastrointestinal parasites in buffaloes from different slaughter houses of Chittagong Metropolitan Area
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Belayet , Mahmud Md Selim , Das Shubaghata , Alim Md Abdul , Shaikat Amir Hossan , Hashem Md Abdul 
Published: August 2012

The study was conducted to investigate the incidence of gastrointestinal parasites of buffalo in different slaughter houses of Chittagong Metropolitan Area, Bangladesh. A total of 100 faecal samples were collected from three slaughter houses and studied by coproscopic examinations. Direct smear, sedimentation and floatation techniques along with egg micrometry were conducted to identify various parasitic eggs. Among 100 faecal samples 69% were positive for different individual parasitic infestation. Trematodes, nematodes, cestodes and protozoan infestations were 48%, 16%, 2% and 3%, respectively. Among the trematodes Schistosoma sp. (23%), Paramphistomum sp. (15%) and Fasciola sp. (10%) were found. Incidence of nematode infestations were Toxocara sp (4%), Oesophagostomum sp. (5%), Cooperia sp. (2%), Bunostomum sp. (3%) and 1% for both Trihostrongylus sp. and Strongyloides sp. Mixed infection were observed 7% of positive samples. Results indicate that the heavy worm burden in buffaloes causes severe economic loss to the farmers by reducing the overall productivity.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v30i0.10703 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp. 05-07
Risk Factors for Vitamin D Deficiency and Relationship with Cardiac Biomarkers, Inflammation and Immune Restoration in HIV-Infected Youth
Authors: Eckard Allison Ross , Judd Suzanne E , Ziegler Thomas R , Camacho-Gonzalez Andres F , Fitzpatrick Anne M , Hadley Graham R , Grossmann Ruth E , Seaton LaTeshia , Seydafkan Shabnam , Mulligan Mark J , Rimann Nayoka , Tangpricha Vin , McComsey Grace A 
Published: August 2012

Background Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and deficiency appears to impair immune restoration and exacerbate HIV complications, like cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to determine factors contributing to vitamin D status in HIV-infected youth and investigate the relationship with CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration. Methods HIV-infected subjects (1-25 years old) were enrolled prospectively along with healthy controls that were group-matched by age, sex and race. HIV data were collected for the HIV-infected group, while traditional risk factors, including vitamin D intake, sun exposure, skin pigmentation, physical activity level and body mass index (BMI) were collected for both groups. Fasting lipids, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and inflammation markers were measured. Results In total, 200 HIV-infected subjects and 50 controls were enrolled. HIV group had 53% male, 95% Black and a mean age of 17.2 ±4.6 years. There was no difference in 25(OH)D between groups; 77% of HIV+ and 74% of controls had 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml. Only Fitzpatrick skin type was independently associated with 25(OH)D. No HIV variables were associated with 25(OH)D, even when HIV sub-populations were examined. Inflammation, CVD risk factors and immune restoration were not independently associated with 25(OH)D. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is common among HIV-infected youth. However, HIV factors, CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration do not appear to have the same relationship with vitamin D as has been shown in adults. Supplementation trials are needed to determine if increasing 25(OH)D concentrations could better elucidate these relationships.