bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiometabolic Risk in Non-Diabetic MAFLD Patients: Insights from the Triglyceride–Glucose, Plasma Atherogenic, and Cardiometabolic Index
Authors: Ciftel Sedat , Çiftel Serpil , Baykan Ahmed Ramiz , Cerrah Serkan , Çiftel Enver , Mercantepe Filiz 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe objective of our study was to examine the correlation between hepatosteatosis and the triglyceride glucose index (TyG), plasma atherogenic index (PAI), and cardiometabolic index (CMI) in nondiabetic patients. We also aimed to assess the usefulness of these indices in evaluating cardiometabolic risk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MAFLD).Material and methodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 695 individuals who did not have diabetes, with an average age of 39.8±11.3 years. A total of 595 individuals, comprising 359 women and 236 men, were diagnosed with MAFLD. The control group consisted of 100 individuals who did not have MAFLD. All the subjects underwent transabdominal ultrasonography, anthropometric measurements, and blood analyses. The groups were assessed based on the TyG index, PAI, and CMI.ResultsTyG, PAI, and CMI were greater in patients with MAFLD than those without MAFLD. The TyG index, with a cutoff point of 8.47, excluded significant simple steatosis with a sensitivity of 65.3% and a specificity of 66.0%. The PAI and CMI cutoff values were 0.39 and 1.40, with sensitivities of 66.6% and 70.1% and specificities of 67.0% and 70.1%, respectively. The TyG index was independently associated with MAFLD (OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.339-3.665).ConclusionsThe presence of MAFLD patients with a normal BMI and waist circumference indicates that these variables alone do not provide enough evidence for the diagnosis of MAFLD. Hence, it is advisable to incorporate the TyG index, the PAI, and the CMI into regular clinical practice to obtain a more precise and thorough evaluation of MAFLD and cardiometabolic risk.
Predictive score for in-hospital mortality in patients with severe acute exacerbations of COPD
Authors: Hu Yanlu , Li Yanyan , Xing Zhenzhen , Cao Yang , Long huanyu , Guo Yanfei 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has shown a rising trend in morbidity and mortality over the years, leading to a growing economic burden globally. The aim of this study was to establish a predictive score for assessing the risk of death in patients with severe acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) to help clinicians evaluate the condition and prognosis of patients.Material and methodsPatients hospitalized for severe AECOPD were consecutively included. All patients were randomly assigned to the developmental and validation cohorts in a 7:3 ratio. We identified independent prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality in development cohort by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. In validation cohort, the predictive power of the new score was verified and compared to the other four scores.ResultsA total of 488 patients with severe AECOPD who were hospitalized from January 2011 to October 2022 were included. The mean age was (78.0 ± 8.2) years and 361 (74.0%) of the patients were male. The development cohort included 342 patients, 40 of whom died during hospitalization. The five independent risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality according to multi-factorial regression analysis were WBC > 10 × 109/L, lymphocyte count < 0.8 × 109/L, age > 80 years, confusion, and chronic heart failure. In validation cohort, the new prediction scores had good predictive power (AUC=0.826, 95% CI: 0.724-0.928) and performed more strongly than other clinical prediction scores.ConclusionsThe new predictive score is a simple and effective way to predict mortality in hospitalized patients with severe AECOPD.
EFFICACY OF DYDROGESTERONE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THREATENED MISCARRIAGE IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER
Authors: Gull Uzma , Mona Zafar  , Akhtar Adiba 
Published: July 2024

To study the efficacy d dydrogesterone in pregnant women with threatened miscarriage in the first trimester. Study design: Randomized control trial. Place and duration of study Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Military Hittite] itawalpindo from an 20fkO to Dec 2005. Patients and Methods: One hundred and fifty two pregnant women presenting to the Gynae and Ot.. department (MU Rwp) before 12th gestational week were selected on the basis of slight pain or vaginal bkocding. no cervical dilatation and a viable pregnancy on ultrasound. They were divided randomly into two groups each containing 76 patients with the trip of simple random number table, after obtaining their consent and explaining all the risks and benefits to them Bias was controlled by double blinding. Patients in group A reeved oral ilydroonsterone (10mg twice daily) and patients in group B received placebo. Treatment was continued till the 12th gestational week and pant ms wen. followed up 4 weekly after the completion of treatment till the Mb gestational week Improvement was judged by continuation al pregnancy and remittance of symptoms. Results: Patients in group A had a greater improvement in the symptoms of pain and vaginal bleeding but the difference between the two group; was not statistically significant. However the number of patients who had a normal growth and whose pregnancies continued was significantly higher in group A. Coseliteienc It was concluded that the continuing pregnancy success rate was significantly higher In women treated with dydrogestenne compared with women who received placebo treatment.
A versatile water vapor generation module for vapor isotope calibration and liquid isotope measurements
Authors: Steen-Larsen Hans Christian , Zannoni Daniele 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. A versatile vapor generation module has been developed for both field-based water vapor isotope calibrations and laboratory-based liquid water isotope measurements. The vapor generation module can generate a stream of constant vapor at a wide variety of humidity levels spanning 300 to 30 000 ppmv and is fully scalable, allowing in principle an unlimited number of standards or samples to be connected to a water vapor isotope analyzer. This versatility opens up the possibility for calibrating with multiple standards during field deployment, including examining instrument humidity–isotope dependence. Utilizing the ability to generate an uninterrupted constant stream of vapor, we document an Allan deviation for 17O-excess (Δ17O) of less than 2 per meg for an approximate 3 h averaging time. For similar averaging time, the Allan deviations for δ17O, δ18O, δD, and d-excess are 0.004 ‰, 0.005 ‰, 0.01 ‰, and 0.04 ‰, respectively. Measuring unknown samples shows that it is possible to obtain an average standard deviation of 3 per meg for Δ17O and an average standard error (95 % confidence limit) of 5 per meg. Using the vapor generation module, we document that an increase in the Allan deviation above the white noise level for integration times between 10 min and 1 h is caused by cyclic variations in the cavity temperature, which if improved upon could result in an improvement in liquid sample measurement precision of up to a factor of 2. We further argue that increases in Allan deviation for longer averaging times could be a result of memory effects and not only driven by instrumental drifts as it is often interpreted. The vapor generation module as a calibration system has been documented to generate a constant water vapor stream for more than 90 h, showing the feasibility of being used to integrate measurements over much longer periods than achievable with syringe-based injections as well as allowing the analysis of instrument performance and noise. Using clean in-house standards, we have operated the vapor generation module daily for 1–3 h for more than 6 months without the need for maintenance, illustrating its potential as a field-deployed autonomous vapor isotope calibration unit. When operating the vapor generation module for laboratory-based liquid water isotope measurements, we document a more than 2 times lower memory effect compared to a standard autosampler system.
Machine-learning-constrained projection of bivariate hydrological drought magnitudes and socioeconomic risks over China
Authors: Liu Rutong , Yin Jiabo , Slater Louise , Kang Shengyu , Yang Yuanhang , Liu Pan , Guo Jiali , Gu Xihui , Zhang Xiang , Volchak Aliaksandr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Climate change influences the water cycle and alters the spatiotemporal distribution of hydrological variables, thus complicating the projection of future streamflow and hydrological droughts. Although machine learning is increasingly employed for hydrological simulations, few studies have used it to project hydrological droughts, not to mention bivariate risks (referring to drought duration and severity) as well as their socioeconomic effects under climate change. We developed a cascade modeling chain to project future bivariate hydrological drought characteristics in 179 catchments over China, using five bias-corrected global climate model (GCM) outputs under three shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), five hydrological models, and a deep-learning model. We quantified the contribution of various meteorological variables to daily streamflow by using a random forest model, and then we employed terrestrial water storage anomalies and a standardized runoff index to evaluate recent changes in hydrological drought. Subsequently, we constructed a bivariate framework to jointly model drought duration and severity by using copula functions and the most likely realization method. Finally, we used this framework to project future risks of hydrological droughts as well as the associated exposure of gross domestic product (GDP) and population. Results showed that our hybrid hydrological–deep-learning model achieved > 0.8 Kling–Gupta efficiency in 161 out of the 179 catchments. By the late 21st century, bivariate drought risk is projected to double over 60 % of the catchments mainly located in southwestern China under SSP5-85, which shows the increase in drought duration and severity. Our hybrid model also projected substantial GDP and population exposure by increasing bivariate drought risks, suggesting an urgent need to design climate mitigation strategies for a sustainable development pathway.
Musculoskeletal manifestations of lower-extremity coccidioidomycosis: a case series
Authors: Estes William , Latt L. Daniel , Robishaw-Denton Jacob , Repp Matthew L. , Suri Yash , Chadaz Tyson , Boulton Christina , Riaz Talha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Background: Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic to the southwestern United States. Musculoskeletal manifestations are uncommon and seen in disseminated disease. While the involvement of the axial skeleton has been well described, the literature is limited on diseases involving the lower extremity. Methods: We identified three patients, at two regional academic medical centers in southern Arizona, who demonstrated different manifestations of osteoarticular coccidioidomycosis involving the lower extremity. Results: Case 1 is a 41-year-old male, with a history of HIV/AIDS and vertebral coccidioidomycosis, who presented with abscesses in the left hemipelvis and left proximal femoral osteomyelitis. He was treated with staged surgical debridement, including the use of amphotericin B impregnated beads. He remains on indefinite oral posaconazole suppression. Case 2 is a 46-year-old female, who presented with suspected right knee osteoarthritis. An MRI revealed septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. Necrotic bone was debrided, and synovial fluid cultures were positive for Coccidioides. She underwent a resection of the native knee joint with the insertion of an amphotericin B and voriconazole impregnated spacer. She continues oral itraconazole and awaits a total knee arthroplasty. Case 3 is a 76-year-old male, who presented with a draining right heel ulcer. Radiographs revealed bony destruction consistent with Charcot arthropathy. Irrigation and debridement revealed the gelatinous destruction of the talus and calcaneus, and cultures confirmed Coccidioides infection. A polymethyl methacrylate voriconazole spacer was placed. He subsequently underwent arthrodesis and remains on lifelong fluconazole. Conclusion: Lower-extremity osteoarticular coccidioidomycosis has various debilitating presentations that frequently mimic non-infectious etiologies. Treatment warrants surgical debridement, and prolonged antifungal therapy should be considered.
Peran Komunikasi Bagi Kepala Sekolah Untuk Kinerja Guru Di SMK PAB 8 Sampali
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Rizki , Habib Fachri , Oktaviani Dita , Dermawan M Muflih , Wardani Tika Kesuma 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi komunikasi organisasi antara kepala sekolah dan guru di SMK PAB 8 Sampali menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp grup dapat menjadi media komunikasi yang efektif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi WhatsApp dapat meningkatkan kinerja guru dengan efektivitas komunikasi organisasi sebesar 72,1%. Kepala sekolah harus memiliki kemampuan mengatur, menjamin, dan mengarahkan guru-guru agar dapat sesuai menjalankan tugasnya sebagai guru. Komunikasi organisasi yang efektif dapat meningkatkan kinerja guru dan mempengaruhi peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terhadap tujuh informan. Sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan, mengorganisasikan secara sistematis, dan menarik kesimpulan dari data yang ditemukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran komunikasi organisasi kepala sekolah di SMK PAB 8 Sampali berhasil. Komunikasi organisasi kepala sekolah merupakan kinerja setiap guru dalam perannya sebagai penyampai informasi, peraturan, persuasi, saluran informasi terpadu, perintah, tugas, masukan, pengarahan, dan aturan yang diberikan kepada seluruh guru agar tujuan pendidikan dapat tercapai.
КАРА-СУУ ШААРЫНЫН КИРОВ АЙЫЛЫНЫН ЖАШООЧУЛАРЫНДАГЫ ГАРДНЕРЕЛЛА (GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS) ООРУ КОЗГОГУЧТАРЫ
Authors: Молдалиев Жоомарт , Коңкошeва Кызжибек 
Published: July 2024

Бул макалада Кара-Суу шаарына караштуу Киров айылындагы жашоочулардан Герднерелла (gardnerella vaginalis) оору козгогучу менен ооруган адамдар изилденген. Жыйынтыгында гинекологиялык жактан ооруган аялдар, төрөбөгөн аялдар, кош бойлуу аялдар, сойкулук менен алектенгендер гарднереллез оорусуна кабылгандыгы аныкталды. Салыштырмалуу эркек кишилер изилденип оорулуулары такталды. Киров айылындагы оорубаган адамдардын лейкоциттеринин сандык көрсөткүчү 14,1±4,8 түзгөн ал эми (Gardnerella vaginalis) оору козгогучу табылган жарандарда лейкоциттеринин сандык көрсөткүчү 69,1±18,3 түзүп оорулуулар такталды. Оорубаган аялдардын жатын моюунунан алынган мазоктогу лейкоциттердин сандык көрсөткүчү 18,8±3,6 түзгөн, Гарднереллез оорусу табылган жарандардын мазогундагы лейкоциттердин сандык көрсөткүчү 80,5±24,8 түзүп оорулуулар аныкталды. Аларга дарылоо иш чаралары сунушталды. Шаардык жарандарга түшүндүрүү иштери жүргүзүлүп, ооруну алдын алуу иш чаралары сунушталган. Ошондой эле жыныстык тарбияны туура түшүнүп, гигиенаны сактоо жана антибиотиктерди өз убагында колдонуу зарылдыгы эскертилди.
GENDER AND ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Akhmedova Erkeaiym , Surkeeva Dinara , Turgunbaeva Baktygul 
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to the ecological problem all over the world. People all around think about saving the Earth, not to pollute the nature. It has identified chemical hazardous toxic waste as an area in need of urgent attention in developing countries. The toxic waste buried had caused high incidence of cancer and morbidity in the community. Gender and the environment help to shed light on the gendered impacts of climate change and women’s, experiences and knowledge can help to protect our environment. The authors make the students aware about the use and management of natural resources. They also pay attention to the eco-feminism, women and nature share a special relationship. The problem of victim, patriarchy, portray, hierarchical is discussed in this article. The author concerns the problem of eco-feminism and environment in Central Asia and Kyrgyzstan.
Klasifikasi Kualitas dan Prediksi Kondisi Air Tanah di DKI Jakarta Menggunakan Algoritma Naïve Bayes
Authors: Fathiarahma Arsya , Sulistiyowati Nina , Ridwan Taufik , Voutama Apriade 
Published: July 2024

Air tanah tetap menjadi sumber penting untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih sehari-hari bagi sebagian besar masyarakat DKI Jakarta, dengan 32% penduduknya mengandalkan sumber ini. Kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi dan masalah lingkungan yang terkait, seperti kurangnya infrastruktur resapan air dan sanitasi yang memadai, telah memicu keprihatinan akan kualitas air tanah di wilayah ini. Terutama, terkontaminasinya air tanah oleh bakteri seperti E. coli menghadirkan risiko serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat seperti perut kram, adanya darah saat diare, hingga muntah-muntah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan menganalisis kualitas air tanah di berbagai wilayah DKI Jakarta. Pendekatan ini melibatkan pemetaan visual menggunakan QGIS untuk mengilustrasikan pencemaran air tanah, sehingga memfasilitasi pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai kondisi air tanah. Total data sejumlah 1068 yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari dua sumber yang berbeda dan dianalisis menggunakan algoritma klasifikasi Naïve Bayes Gaussian. Teknik evaluasi melibatkan penggunaan cross-validation dan percentage split dalam 10 skenario. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat akurasi tertinggi sebesar 84.36% serta nilai precision sejumlah 0.8566, recall 0.8436, dan F1-score 0.8436 diperoleh menggunakan teknik percentage split dengan rasio 80:20. Temuan ini dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang kualitas air tanah di DKI Jakarta dan berkontribusi pada perencanaan upaya perlindungan sumber daya air yang lebih efektif.
The Impact of Artificial Sweeteners and Natural Sweeteners on The Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Caenorhabditis Elegans
Authors: Huang Ziqi 
Published: July 2024

There has been ongoing controversy in the scientific community regarding the safety and health effects of artificial sweeteners and natural sweeteners. To explore the potential safety hazards of sweeteners on the human body, this study used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans and inoculated them in solutions of glucose, the artificial sweetener aspartame, and the natural sweetener stevioside. The experiment observed and recorded the worm's egg-laying number, pumping number/30s, relative glucose levels, and relative lipid content. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing was performed on the C. elegans samples from the 3 mg/ml aspartame group, 10 mM stevioside group, 100 mM glucose group, and control group, using the wild-type strain N2 as the reference genome. Gene expression levels were calculated using the TPM method, and differentially expressed genes were identified using the FDR < 0.05 threshold. Pathway enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes was conducted using the KEGG and Gene OntologyBiological Process (BP) databases. Integrating the physiological and biochemical indicators with the analysis of differentially expressed genes, it was found that aspartame may increase relative glucose levels and reduce relative lipid level in the body by upregulating precursor energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Conversely, the experiment suggests that stevioside may lower relative glucose levels and promote relative lipid level by downregulating catabolism and lipid metabolism. This indicates that caution should also be exercised when consuming stevioside, which is considered a relatively healthy natural sweetener. Furthermore, this study provides new research directions for understanding the effects of artificial sweeteners and natural sweeteners on organism metabolism.
Solar Active Layer Materials and Research Progress
Authors: Pan Chenghao 
Published: July 2024

Solar cell is an electrical device, which converts the light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic (PV) effect. It is an efficient way to alleviate global warming effect. This work explains the principle and the structure of OPV. There are mainly five layers of OPV and five steps of how OPV works. Besides, a brief review of the history of OPV’s development is given in this work. As a matter of fact, the active layer is the most important part of the solar cell. It directly determines the conversion efficiency of solar cell. The stucture of active layer is shown in the paper as well. The active layer is divided into two main categories: organic and inorganic. The research progress of each type of active layer is illustrated in this work. A detailed description of the types of active layer of solar cell and the pros and cons of each type are given in this work.
Study on Optimal Training Methods for Teen-age 400-Meter Sprint Projects by Data Science
Authors: Fan Zhicheng 
Published: July 2024

The research based on data science can provide more effective and personalized methods for the training of teen-age sprint events. This article analyzed the correlation between the consequent improvement in scores with gender, training methods, intensity, and cycles by collecting the key data of 400-meter running events. A multiple linear regression model was established to predict the running performance of teen-age athletes under different dependent variables, in order to provide references for the optimization of a teen-age training plan.
Analysis of nurses’ intention to resign and its reasons in a tertiary Grade-A hospital in Beijing during the post-pandemic era
Authors: Li Jie , Cheng Juan , Zhou Yinping , Tian Runxi , Zheng Liping , Duan Yunshan , Liu Yan 
Published: July 2024

Background and objective: After the end of the COVID-19 pandemic in China in 2023, there has been an increasing number of clinical nurses resigning, which has greatly impacted clinical work. The objective of this study was to understand the reasons for the resignation of clinical nurses in a tertiary Grade-A hospital in Beijing.Methods: This study was completed in two stages. In the first stage, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 nurses who submitted resignation applications between August 2022 and August 2023 at a tertiary Grade-A hospital in Beijing. The themes identified were analyzed and refined using NVivo 12.0 software. The second stage involved a convenience sampling method for conducting a questionnaire survey on the resignation intentions of 220 clinical nurses in the hospital from September to October 2023.Results: The results of the first stage research show that the reasons for nurses' resignation can be summarized into four themes: deteriorating team collaboration atmosphere, heavy workload, conflicting family roles, and significant fatigue. The results of the second stage of the research indicated that out of 220 clinical nurses surveyed, 12 nurses reported plans to resign in the upcoming year. And we found that “Do You Have Intention to Resign within One Year” Yes vs No were statistically different in terms of commuting time (p = .048), work intensity (p = .049), physical health status (p = .001), reasonableness of work input and income (p = .002), promotion opportunities (p = .046), reward and punishment system (p = .001), and humanistic care (p = .001), and hospital nursing management methods (p = .001).Conclusions: The poor rationality of work input and income, deteriorating team collaboration atmosphere, and heavy workload may be the main reasons for nurses resigning. Nursing managers need to enhance nurses' salaries and benefits, strengthen hospital humanistic care, create a harmonious team work atmosphere, and emphasize the professional development of nursing talent to ensure the stability of the nursing team, especially during times of epidemic outbreaks.