bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Studies Reveal Bacteriophages Can Affect Precipitation of Mineral Phases
Authors: Działak Paweł , Borkowski Andrzej , Błachowski Artur , Bajda Tomasz , Kornaus Kamil , Zych Łukasz , Słowakiewicz Mirosław 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInteresting properties and abundance of bacteriophages suggest their potential effect on precipitation of various minerals. Here we present an experimental study regarding the influence of two different bacteriophages (Escherichia phage P1 and Pseudomonas phage Φ6) on mineral precipitation. A wide range of instrumental techniques was implemented: epifluorescence microscopy (binding of phages to mineral particles); laser diffraction (size distribution); X‐ray powder diffraction (mineral phases composition); 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy (for better characterization of iron‐bearing mineral phases); and transmission electron microscopy coupled with microcrystal‐electron diffraction (for characterization of mineral particles precipitated with bacteriophages). We showed that bacteriophages can affect mineral precipitation, especially for carbonate and iron‐bearing mineral phases. Bacteriophages can increase or reduce the average size of particles or agglomerates of particles depending on the type of mineral phase. It was clearly visible for carbonates, phosphates, and Fe‐oxides. Importantly, changes in mineral composition of the studied mineral phases were also noted. It is therefore assumed that bacteriophages may have industrial but also environmental implications on precipitation of minerals.
Incorporation of Multi‐Elements Into Diatom Frustules in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica, Since the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Kim Sunghan , Kim Bo Kyung , Yoo Kyu‐Cheul , Lee Min Kyung , Lee Jae Il , Kim Sookwan , Bak Young‐Suk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe glacial‐interglacial cycle of elements and the linkage with biological production is very important. Nonetheless, records on incorporation of elements into diatom frustules are very poor in the Southern Ocean where diatom productivity is very high. As a result, there is a big gap in our understanding of elemental cycles in association with biological production and the controlling mechanisms. Here, we documented concentrations of major, trace, and rare earth elements of diatom frustules in two cores collected from the Southern Ocean since the Last Glacial Maximum to understand changes of incorporation of these elements into diatom frustules and to investigate mechanisms for changing incorporation. We found that there are three types of glacial‐interglacial variation patterns. Most elements showed increased (decreased) concentrations during the glacial period (interglacial) with decreased (increased) diatom production in the surface water following the variation pattern of magnetic susceptibility, whereas P, Ge, and Sb showed the opposite trend following the variation pattern of biogenic opal. Li, Ni, Ag, W, U, and I showed no clear glacial‐interglacial variation pattern. These different variation patterns imply that elemental incorporation into diatom frustules are also different according to elements. Our results revealed that biologically mediated removal of most elements from surface water to deep‐sea is comparable between glacial (low diatom production with high elements assimilation) and interglacial (high diatom production with low elements assimilation) periods in the Southern Ocean. However, more removal of P, Sb, and Ge in the surface water by diatoms occurs during interglacial periods in the Southern Ocean.
New 2D to 3D Reconstruction of Heterogeneous Porous Media via Deep Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)
Authors: Amiri Hamed , Vogel Hannah , Plümper Oliver 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccurately characterizing rock microstructures in three dimensions (3D) is crucial for modeling various physical phenomena and estimating rock properties. Despite advancements in 3D imaging, limitations arise from the trade‐off between sample size and resolution, particularly in heterogeneous rocks with multi‐scale features where both high resolution and a large field of view are essential. These challenges have prompted interest in accurate 3D reconstructions from high‐resolution two‐dimensional (2D) images using advanced generative models like generative adversarial networks (GANs). In this study, using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, we acquired 2D images from three orthogonal sections of a Berea sandstone sample. These images were employed to train a modified SliceGAN model, a variant of GANs, for 3D reconstruction. Unlike previous studies utilizing methods for 2D to 3D reconstructions that typically incorporated 3D images in their training, our approach relies exclusively on 2D images. We propose a systematic workflow which enables us to produce 3D reconstructions that closely mirror the original 2D inputs and a 3D X‐ray tomography in terms of structural and morphological characteristics. Additionally, we highlight the importance of input data size and training our model with representative images which enable us to generate diverse reconstructions with transport properties that align with previous studies on Berea sandstone. This underscores the potential of 2D to 3D reconstructions as an effective alternative to multiple X‐ray tomographies, integral for assessing variability in heterogeneous rocks.
DATACORTECH: artificial intelligence platform for the virtual screen of aluminum corrosion inhibitors
Authors: Galvão Tiago L. P. , Ferreira Inês , Maia Frederico , Gomes José R. B. , Tedim João 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe machine learning framework reported herein can greatly accelerate the development of more effective and sustainable corrosion inhibitors for aluminum alloys, which still rely mostly on the experience of corrosion scientists, and trial and error laboratory testing. It can be used to design inhibitors for specific applications, which can be immobilized into nanocontainers or included directly into coatings in the search for less hazardous corrosion protective technologies. Therefore, a machine learning (ML) classification model that allows to identify promising compounds ( > 70% inhibitor efficiency) among less promising ones, and an online application (https://datacor.shinyapps.io/datacortech/) were developed for the virtual screen (simulation) of potential inhibitors for aluminum alloys, capable of considering the molecular structure and the influence of pH as an input.
Observation of the sliding phason mode of the incommensurate magnetic texture in Fe/Ir(111)
Authors: Yang Hung-Hsiang , Desplat Louise , Kravchuk Volodymyr P. , Hervé Marie , Balashov Timofey , Gerber Simon , Garst Markus , Dupé Bertrand , Wulfhekel Wulf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe nanoscopic magnetic texture forming in a monolayer of iron on the (111) surface of iridium, Fe/Ir(111), is spatially modulated and uniaxially incommensurate with respect to the crystallographic periodicities. As a consequence, a low-energy magnetic excitation is expected that corresponds to the sliding of the texture along the incommensurate direction, i.e., a phason mode, which we explicitly confirm with atomistic spin simulations. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we succeed to observe this phason mode experimentally. It can be excited by the STM tip, which leads to a random telegraph noise in the tunneling current that we attribute to the presence of two minima in the phason potential due to the presence of disorder in our sample. This provides the prospect of a floating phase in cleaner samples and, potentially, a commensurate-incommensurate transition as a function of external control parameters.
A roadmap for ribosome assembly in human mitochondria
Authors: Lavdovskaia Elena , Hanitsch Elisa , Linden Andreas , Pašen Martin , Challa Venkatapathi , Horokhovskyi Yehor , Roetschke Hanna P. , Nadler Franziska , Welp Luisa , Steube Emely , Heinrichs Marleen , Mai Mandy Mong-Quyen , Urlaub Henning , Liepe Juliane , Richter-Dennerlein Ricarda 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMitochondria contain dedicated ribosomes (mitoribosomes), which synthesize the mitochondrial-encoded core components of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes. The RNA and protein components of mitoribosomes are encoded on two different genomes (mitochondrial and nuclear) and are assembled into functional complexes with the help of dedicated factors inside the organelle. Defects in mitoribosome biogenesis are associated with severe human diseases, yet the molecular pathway of mitoribosome assembly remains poorly understood. Here, we applied a multidisciplinary approach combining biochemical isolation and analysis of native mitoribosomal assembly complexes with quantitative mass spectrometry and mathematical modeling to reconstitute the entire assembly pathway of the human mitoribosome. We show that, in contrast to its bacterial and cytosolic counterparts, human mitoribosome biogenesis involves the formation of ribosomal protein-only modules, which then assemble on the appropriate ribosomal RNA moiety in a coordinated fashion. The presence of excess protein-only modules primed for assembly rationalizes how mitochondria cope with the challenge of forming a protein-rich ribonucleoprotein complex of dual genetic origin. This study provides a comprehensive roadmap of mitoribosome biogenesis, from very early to late maturation steps, and highlights the evolutionary divergence from its bacterial ancestor.
Mapping of 10-km daily diffuse solar radiation across China from reanalysis data and a Machine-Learning method
Authors: Qi Qinghai , Wu Jinyang , Gueymard Christran A. , Qin Wenmin , Wang Lunche , Zhou Zhigao , Niu Jiayun , Zhang Ming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiffuse solar radiation (DSR) plays a critical role in renewable energy utilization and efficient agricultural production. However, there is a scarcity of high-precision, long-term, and spatially continuous datasets for DSR in the world, and particularly in China. To address this gap, a 41-year (1982–2022) daily diffuse solar radiation dataset (CHDSR) is constructed with a spatial resolution of 10 km, based on a new ensemble model that combines the clear-sky irradiance estimated by the REST2 model and a machine-learning technique using precise cloud information derived from reanalysis data. Validation against ground-based measurements indicates strong performance of the new hybrid model, with a correlation coefficient, root mean square error and mean bias error (MBE) of 0.94, 13.9 W m−2 and −0.49 W m−2, respectively. The CHDSR dataset shows good spatial and temporal continuity over the time horizon from 1982 to 2022, with a multi-year mean value of 74.51 W m−2. This dataset is now freely available on figshare to the potential benefit of any analytical work in solar energy, agriculture, climate change, etc (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21763223.v3).
Molecular dynamics simulations reveal differences in the conformational stability of FtsZs derived from Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Takasawa Taichi , Matsui Takashi , Watanabe Go , Kodera Yoshio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
FtsZ is highly conserved among bacteria and plays an essential role in bacterial cell division. The tense conformation of FtsZ bound to GTP assembles into a straight filament via head-to-tail associations, and then the upper subunit of FtsZ hydrolyzes GTP bound to the lower FtsZ subunit. The subunit with GDP bound disassembles accompanied by a conformational change in the subunit from the tense to relaxed conformation. Although crystal structures of FtsZ derived from several bacterial species have been determined, the conformational change from the relaxed to tense conformation has only been observed in Staphylococcus aureus FtsZ (SaFtsZ). Recent cryo-electron microscopy analyses revealed the three-dimensional reconstruction of the protofilament, in which tense molecules assemble via head-to-tail associations. However, the lower resolution of the protofilament suggested that the flexibility of the FtsZ protomers between the relaxed and tense conformations caused them to form in less-strict alignments. Furthermore, this flexibility may also prevent FtsZs other than SaFtsZ from crystalizing in the tense conformation, suggesting that the flexibility of bacterial FtsZs differs. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were performed using SaFtsZ and Bacillus subtilis FtsZ in several situations, which suggested that different features of the FtsZs affect their conformational stability.
Curcumin synergistically enhances the efficacy of gemcitabine against gemcitabine-resistant cholangiocarcinoma via the targeting LAT2/glutamine pathway
Authors: Thongpon Phonpilas , Intuyod Kitti , Chomwong Sasitorn , Pongking Thatsanapong , Klungsaeng Sirinapha , Muisuk Kanha , Charoenram Naruechar , Sitthirach Chutima , Thanan Raynoo , Pinlaor Porntip , Pinlaor Somchai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is often diagnosed late, leading to incomplete tumor removal, drug resistance and reduced chemotherapy efficacy. Curcumin has the potential for anti-cancer activity through various therapeutic properties and can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy. We aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of a combination of curcumin and gemcitabine against CCA, targeting the LAT2/glutamine pathway. This combination synergistically suppressed proliferation in gemcitabine-resistant CCA cells (KKU-213BGemR). It also resulted in a remarkable degree of CCA cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, characterized by a high proportion of cells in the S and G2/M phases. Knockdown ofSLC7A8decreased the expressions of glutaminase and glutamine synthetase, resulting in inhibited cell proliferation and sensitized CCA cells to gemcitabine treatment. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that a combination curcumin and gemcitabine significantly reduced tumor size, tumor growth rate and LAT2 expression in a gemcitabine-resistant CCA xenograft mouse model. Suppression of tumor progression in an orthotopic CCA hamster model provided strong support for clinical application. In conclusion, curcumin synergistically enhances gemcitabine efficacy against gemcitabine-resistant CCA by induction of apoptosis, partly via inhibiting LAT2/glutamine pathway. This approach may be an alternative strategy for the treatment of gemcitabine-resistant in CCA patients.
Zinc finger transcription factor ZFP1 is associated with growth, conidiation, osmoregulation, and virulence in the Polygonatum kingianum pathogen Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Su Jianyun , Wang Jingyi , Tang Jingying , Yu Weimei , Liu Jiajia , Dong Xian , Dong Jiahong , Chai Xia , Ji Pengzhang , Zhang Lei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRhizome rot is a destructive soil-borne disease of Polygonatum kingianum and adversely affects the yield and sustenance of the plant. Understanding how the causal fungus Fusarium oxysporum infects P. kingianum may suggest effective control measures against rhizome rot. In germinating conidia of infectious F. oxysporum, expression of the zinc finger transcription factor gene Zfp1, consisting of two C2H2 motifs, was up-regulated. To characterize the critical role of ZFP1, we generated independent deletion mutants (zfp1) and complemented one mutant with a transgenic copy of ZFP1 (zfp1 tZFP1). Mycelial growth and conidial production of zfp1 were slower than those of wild type (ZFP1) and zfp1 tZFP1. Additionally, a reduced inhibition of growth suggested zfp1 was less sensitive to conditions promoting cell wall and osmotic stresses than ZFP1 and zfp1 tZFP1. Furthermore pathogenicity tests suggested a critical role for growth of zfp1 in infected leaves and rhizomes of P. kingianum. Thus ZFP1 is important for mycelial growth, conidiation, osmoregulation, and pathogenicity in P. kingianum.
Drivers of future extratropical sea surface temperature variability changes in the North Pacific
Authors: Gunnarson Jacob L. , Stuecker Malte F. , Zhao Sen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnder anthropogenic warming, future changes to climate variability beyond specific modes such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have not been well-characterized. In the Community Earth System Model version 2 Large Ensemble (CESM2-LE) climate model, the future change to sea surface temperature (SST) variability (and correspondingly marine heatwave intensity) on monthly timescales and longer is spatially heterogeneous. We examined these projected changes (between 1960–2000 and 2060–2100) in the North Pacific using a local linear stochastic-deterministic model, which allowed us to quantify the effect of changes to three drivers on SST variability: ocean “memory” (the SST damping timescale), ENSO teleconnections, and stochastic noise forcing. The ocean memory declines in most areas, but lengthens in the central North Pacific. This change is primarily due to changes in air-sea feedbacks and ocean damping, with the shallowing mixed layer depth playing a secondary role. An eastward shift of the ENSO teleconnection pattern is primarily responsible for the pattern of SST variance change.
Plant roots affect free-living diazotroph communities in temperate grassland soils despite decades of fertilization
Authors: Dietrich Marlies , Panhölzl Christopher , Angel Roey , Giguere Andrew T. , Randi Dania , Hausmann Bela , Herbold Craig W. , Pötsch Erich M. , Schaumberger Andreas , Eichorst Stephanie A. , Woebken Dagmar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFixation of atmospheric N2 by free-living diazotrophs accounts for an important proportion of nitrogen naturally introduced to temperate grasslands. The effect of plants or fertilization on the general microbial community has been extensively studied, yet an understanding of the potential combinatorial effects on the community structure and activity of free-living diazotrophs is lacking. In this study we provide a multilevel assessment of the single and interactive effects of different long-term fertilization treatments, plant species and vicinity to roots on the free-living diazotroph community in relation to the general microbial community in grassland soils. We sequenced the dinitrogenase reductase (nifH) and the 16S rRNA genes of bulk soil and root-associated compartments (rhizosphere soil, rhizoplane and root) of two grass species (Arrhenatherum elatius and Anthoxanthum odoratum) and two herb species (Galium album and Plantago lanceolata) growing in Austrian grassland soils treated with different fertilizers (N, P, NPK) since 1960. Overall, fertilization has the strongest effect on the diazotroph and general microbial community structure, however with vicinity to the root, the plant effect increases. Despite the long-term fertilization, plants strongly influence the diazotroph communities emphasizing the complexity of soil microbial communities’ responses to changing nutrient conditions in temperate grasslands.
Self-cycled photocatalytic Fenton system and rapid degradation of organic pollutants over magnetic 3D MnS nanosheet/iron–nickel foam
Authors: Ma Xiaoqian , Liu Yu , Zhao Yi , Chen Xiaohong , Leng Junyang , Zhang Anlong , Chen Daomei , Xiong Kai , Wang Jiaqiang 
Published: July 2024

The self-cycled photocatalytic Fenton system rapidly degrades organic pollutants containing real wastewater.
Continuous photocatalytic preparation of hydrogen peroxide with anthraquinone photosensitizers
Authors: Yu Zongyi , Li Shichang , Wu Yufeng , Ma Cunfei , Li Jianing , Duan Liyuan , Liu Zunchao , Sun Huinan , Zhao Guofeng , Lu Yue , Liu Qilei , Meng Qingwei , Zhao Jingnan 
Published: July 2024

A design model for anthraquinone catalysts was established based on DFT calculations. The designed anthraquinone catalyst was applied in continuous flow strategy, achieving H2O2 production rates of 3950.6 mM/h under visible light irradiation.
A hybrid attention‐based long short‐term memory fast model for thermal regulation of smart residential buildings
Authors: Safari Ashkan , Kharrati Hamed , Rahimi Afshin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn attention‐based long short‐term memory (ALSTM)‐fast model predictive control (MPC) thermal regulation system for buildings is presented. The proposed system is developed to address the challenges associated with traditional heating, ventilation, and cooling (HVAC) control systems, often designed with fixed setpoints and static control strategies, leading to poor performance and suboptimal energy efficiency. The ALSTM‐Fast MPC system, on the other hand, performs the integration of deep learning and optimisation algorithms to predict the thermal behaviour of buildings and optimise the HVAC system control for thermal comfort and energy efficiency. The ALSTM‐Fast MPC system was implemented and evaluated on a real‐world data collected from a building automation system. Additionally, extensive experiments were conducted to analyse the system's performance. The results demonstrated the system's adaptability to changing thermal dynamics and occupancy patterns and its ability to achieve robust and efficient thermal regulation. As a result, a solution for optimising HVAC control in buildings is provided by the proposed ALSTM‐Fast MPC system.
Validation of the German version of the Asthma Impairment and Risk Questionnaire (AIRQ)
Authors: Kanniess Frank , Defosse Kerstin , Lommatzsch Marek , Schultz Thomas , Timmermann Hartmut , Schmidt Olaf , Heindl Stefan , Baumann Hans Jörg , Buhl Roland , Taube Christian , Höing Fabian , Korn Stephanie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background The Asthma Impairment and Risk Questionnaire (AIRQ), a 10-item, equally weighted, yes/no tool assessing symptom impairment and risk of exacerbations in patients with asthma aged ≥12 years, was developed and validated in a US patient population to evaluate varying levels of asthma control. This study aimed to validate the German language version of the AIRQ in patients aged ≥12 years with different levels of asthma control.

Methods A cross-sectional, observational, multi-centre study comprising a single visit was conducted in multiple specialised asthma centres and general practices in Germany. A total of 300 patients completed the following measures: 1) Patient Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire, 2) AIRQ, 3) Asthma Control Test (ACT), and 4) Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-6). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the AIRQ score cut points with the greatest predictive validity in discriminating between different control levels relative to a standard of ACT plus prior-year exacerbations or ACQ-6 plus prior-year exacerbations.

Results The German version of the AIRQ demonstrated a robust capability to correctly identify well-controlled versus not well- or very poorly controlled (AUC values of 0.90 or higher) and well- or not well-controlled versus very poorly controlled asthma (AUC values of 0.89 or higher).

Conclusions The German version of the AIRQ is a suitable tool to identify adults with varying levels of asthma control, which in turn can help to accurately identify patients with uncontrolled asthma in clinical practice.