bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hollow and Yolk‐Shell Iron Oxide Nanostructures on Few‐Layer Graphene in Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Zhenyu , Xie Kunpeng , Li Zi An , Sinev Ilja , Ebbinghaus Petra , Erbe Andreas , Farle Michael , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Muhler Martin , Ventosa Edgar 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe report a simple and template‐free strategy for the synthesis of hollow and yolk‐shell iron oxide (FeOx) nanostructures sandwiched between few‐layer graphene (FLG) sheets. The morphology and microstructure of this material are characterized in detail by X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Its properties are evaluated as negative electrode material for Li‐ion batteries and compared with those of solid FeOx/FLG and two commercial iron oxides. In all cases, the content of carbon in the electrode has a great influence on the performance. The use of pristine FLG improves the capacity retention and further enhancement is achieved with the hollow structure. For a low carbon loading of 18 wt. %, the presence of metallic iron in the hollow and yolk‐shell FeOx/FLG composite significantly enhances the capacity retention, albeit with a relatively lower initial reversible capacity, retaining above 97 % after 120 cycles at 1000 mA g−1 in the voltage range of 0.1–3.0 V.
Circular Dichroism of Hemoglobin and Myoglobin
Authors: Nagai Masako , Nagai Yukifumi , Imai Kiyohiro , Neya Saburo 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTWhile heme alone does not exhibit circular dichroism (CD) spectrum, it exhibits a prominent positive CD band in the Soret region when incorporated into apoglobin of myoglobin (Mb) and hemoglobin (Hb). The appearance of this optical activity is widely accepted to arise from the interactions between the heme and aromatic residues of the globin. However, the reversed heme orientation in Hb was found to exhibit a CD spectrum obviously different from that of native Hb, indicating that the interactions of side chains of heme with globin also contribute to the appearance of heme optical activity. We examined this possibility by comparing CD spectra of native Mb and those of Mb reconstituted with unnatural heme lacking the vinyl and/or propionate. Replacement of vinyls at the 2,4‐positions with methyls induced a 30% decrease in CD intensity of the positive Soret CD band without changes of spectral shape. In contrast, the replacement of the propionate at the 6,7‐positions with carboxylic acid groups resulted in almost complete disappearance of the Soret CD band. These results seem to suggest that interactions of heme side chains, especially 2,4‐vinyls and 6,7‐propionates, with globin, as well as the electronic coupling of the heme bands with those of intrinsic protein chromophores, contribute to the appearance of the prominent positive Soret CD band of Mb and Hb. Chirality 26:438–442, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Label‐retaining, quiescent globose basal cells are found in the olfactory epithelium
Authors: Jang Woochan , Chen Xueyan , Flis Daniel , Harris Margaret , Schwob James E. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe vertebrate olfactory epithelium (OE) is known for its ability to renew itself throughout life as well as to reconstitute after injury. Although this remarkable capacity demonstrates the persistence of stem cells and multipotent progenitor cells, their nature in the OE remains undefined and controversial, as both horizontal basal cells (HBCs) and globose basal cells (GBCs) have features in common with each other and with stem cells in other tissues. Here, we investigate whether some among the population of GBCs satisfy a key feature of stem cells, i.e., mitotic quiescence with retention of thymidine analogue label and activation by injury. Accordingly, we demonstrate that some GBCs express p27Kip1, a member of the Kip/Cip family of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors. In addition, some GBCs retain bromodeoxyuridine or ethynyldeoxyuridine for an extended period when the pulse is administered in neonates followed by a 1‐month chase. Their identity as GBCs was confirmed by electron microscopy. All spared GBCs express Ki‐67 in the methyl bromide (MeBr)‐lesioned OE initially after lesion, indicating that the label‐retaining (LR) GBCs are activated in response to injury. LR‐GBCs reappear during the acute recovery period following MeBr exposure, as demonstrated with 2‐ or 4‐week chase periods after labeling. Taken together, our data demonstrate the existence of LR‐GBCs that are seemingly activated in response to epithelial injury and then re‐established after the initial phase of recovery is completed. In this regard, some among the GBCs satisfy a common criterion for functioning like stem cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:731–749, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changing Stereotypes in India's Garment Sector through Dialogue
Authors: Maemura Yu 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article examines the work of facilitators within the garment sector of India to draw insights as to how third parties can help a group build trust and work toward the creation of opportunities for productive dialogue and collaboration in a troubled industry. By analyzing concrete examples from an authentic conflict of perceptual and stereotype change among dialogue participants, this article contributes to the literature on how conflicting stakeholders within a group form, maintain, and transform perceptions and stereotypes of one another. In an attempt to reveal how facilitated dialogue can be used as a tool to produce such stereotype change, it provides a methodological framework for the systematic observation of perceptual change within dialogue processes that can easily be replicated in other dialogue projects.
Genetic simulated annealing‐based coverage‐enhancing algorithm for multimedia directional sensor networks
Authors: Zhang Ke , Duan Chang , Jia Haitao 
Published: January 2014

SummaryMultimedia directional sensor network is one kind of directional sensing systems, whose coverage scheme is quite different from the omnidirectional sensing system. And it is often used in atrocious environmental surveillance, such as nuclear contaminative areas, where people can hardly arrive. In this paper, a genetic simulated annealing‐based coverage‐enhancing algorithm (GSACEA) is proposed as a coverage‐enhancing method in multimedia directional sensor networks. Firstly, GSACEA combines the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm into an algorithm with new architecture. Then, the proposed GSACEA is applied for the purpose of coverage‐enhancing in the case of directional sensor networks with rotational direction‐adjustable model. Finally, after series actions of genetic simulated annealing, the proposed method can find the approximate solution to the best area coverage rate. And according to the results of simulations, which compared the proposed method with several other classic coverage‐enhancing methods in directional sensor networks, it could be concluded that GSACEA can achieve the highest area coverage rate of directional sensor networks and reduce the iterative computing times simultaneously. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3,4‐Ferrocenyl‐Functionalized Pyrroles: Synthesis, Structure, and (Spectro)Electrochemical Studies
Authors: Korb Marcus , Pfaff Ulrike , Hildebrandt Alexander , Rüffer Tobias , Lang Heinrich 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of 3,4‐diferrocenyl‐substituted pyrroles of the type 3,4‐Fc2‐cC4H2NR [Fc = Fe(η5‐C5H4)(η5‐C5H5); R = Ph (3a), SO2‐4‐MeC6H4 (Ts) (3b), SiiPr3 (3c)], 3,4‐(FcC≡C)2‐cC4H2NR [R = Ph (4a), Ts (4b)], and 3‐Br‐4‐FcC≡C‐cC4H2NR [R = Ph (7a), Ts (7b)] from 3,4‐Br2‐cC4H2NR [R = Ph (2a), Ts (2b), SiiPr3 (2c)] is discussed. The molecular structures of 3a,b, 5, 4b, and 7b in the solid state are reported and show that the formal double bonds in the heterocyclic core are rather localized relative to pyrrole itself. The investigations with (spectro)electrochemical methods reveal the different capabilities for the formation of mixed‐valent species and allows the classification of 3a,b as class II systems, whereas compounds that feature electron‐withdrawing –C≡C– units (4a,b) can be assigned to class I systems according to Robin and Day.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirooxindole α‐exo‐Methylene‐γ‐butyrolactones from 3‐OBoc‐Oxindoles
Authors: Jayakumar Samydurai , Muthusamy Subramaniam , Prakash Muthuraj , Kesavan Venkitasamy 
Published: January 2014

AbstractChiral Lewis bases facilitated the synthesis of highly functionalized spirooxindoles containing α‐exo‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactones in high yields (76–92 %) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee) at ambient temperature.
On the accuracy of the calculation of transient growth in plane Poiseuille flow
Authors: Zhao Shi , Duncan Stephen 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYThis paper addresses the accuracy of numerical methods to compute the transient energy growth of plane Poiseuille flow. We show that using the Chebyshev collocation method to discretize the linearized governing equations in the wall‐normal direction can introduce numerical problems when computing the energy evolution of the flow. We demonstrate that spurious eigenmodes of the discretized linear operator and numerical integration errors are the possible sources of the numerical problems, and we also show that spurious eigenvalues with negative real parts of large magnitude can affect the calculation of energy growth. These difficulties can be avoided by using a spectral Galerkin method where the basis functions satisfy the boundary conditions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemically modified poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogel for the adsorption of heparin
Authors: Spina R. La , Tripisciano C. , Mecca T. , Cunsolo F. , Weber V. , Mattiasson B. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractVarious clinical procedures, such as cardiovascular surgery or extracorporeal blood purification, involve systemic anticoagulation using heparin. High concentrations of circulating heparin require neutralization due to possible serious bleeding complications. The intravenous administration of the heparin antagonist protamine sulfate is routinely clinically performed, but is frequently associated with adverse reactions. Therefore, there is a need for a valid and safe alternative to achieve extracorporeal heparin removal from blood or plasma, such as a filter, a matrix, or an adsorbent. Here, we describe the development of a macroporous poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐based monolithic cryogel functionalized with l‐lysine (pHEMA‐lys) and the characterization of its selective heparin adsorption. The maximum binding capacity was quantified in vitro using aqueous and serum solutions under static and dynamic conditions, and fresh human plasma under static conditions. The pHEMA‐lys bound 40,500 IU and 32,500 IU heparin/g cryogel at the equilibrium in aqueous solution and 50% serum, respectively. In human plasma spiked with 100 IU/mL of heparin, the binding was still highly efficient (4330 IU/g cryogel after 30 min, i.e., 87% of the initial concentration). The cryogels showed good blood compatibility, as indicated by negligible adsorption of albumin, antithrombin III, and total protein, and may thus be suitable for extracorporeal heparin removal. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1207–1216, 2014.
Modifications in call characteristics and sonic apparatus morphology during puberty in Ophidion rochei (actinopterygii: Ophidiidae)
Authors: Kéver Loïc , Boyle Kelly S. , Bolen Géraldine , Dragičević Branko , Dulčić Jakov , Parmentier Eric 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTJuveniles, females, and males of Ophidion rochei share similar external morphology, probably because they are mainly active in the dark, which reduces the role of visual cues. Their internal sonic apparatuses, however, are complex: three pairs of sonic muscles, and highly modified vertebrae and ribs are involved in sound production. The sonic apparatus of males differs from juveniles and females in having larger swimbladder plates (modified ribs associate with the swimbladder wall) and sonic muscles, a modified swimbladder shape and a mineralized structure called the “rocker bone” in front of the swimbladder. All of these male traits appear at the onset of sexual maturation. This article investigates the relationship between morphology and sounds in male O. rochei of different sizes. Despite their small size range total length (133–170 mm TL), the five specimens showed pronounced differences in sound‐production apparatus morphology, especially in terms of swimbladder shape and rocker bone development. This observation was reinforced by the positive allometry measured for the rocker bone and the internal tube of the swimbladder. The differences in morphology were related to marked differences in sound characteristics (especially frequency and pulse duration). These results suggest that male calls carry information about the degree of maturity. Deprived of most visual cues, ophidiids probably have invested in other mechanisms to recognize and distinguish among individual conspecifics and between ophidiid species. As a result, their phenotypes are externally similar but internally very different. In these taxa, the great variability of the sound production apparatus means this complex system is a main target of environmental constraints. J. Morphol. 275:650–660, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization, phylogenetic affiliation and probiotic properties of high cell density Lactobacillus strains recovered from silage
Authors: Valan Arasu Mariadhas , Jung Min‐Woong , Ilavenil Soundharrajan , Kim Da Hye , Park Hyung Su , Park Jung Won , Al‐Dhabi Naif Abdullah , Choi Ki Choon 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of the present study was to isolate high cell density Lactobacillus (LAB) from different forages and select the best strains for production of silage with improved the lactic acid production.RESULTSTwenty heterofermentative LAB strains were selected and their probiotic properties were analyzed by evaluating their tolerance to low pH, bile salts, biogenic amine production, enzyme activity, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and antifungal activity. The 16S rRNA gene‐based phylogenetic affiliation indicated that 16 strains were Lactobacillus plantarum and others were L. bobalius, L. zymae, L. crustorum and L. diolivorans. Shake‐flask cultivation of these strains under aerobic conditions showed comparatively higher growth and organic acid production than that achieved using the well‐studied LAB strains. In addition, all the strains were highly sensitive towards ox gall (0.3%), but grew well in the presence of sodium taurocholate (0.3%). Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is an intrinsic feature of these LAB strains; thus consumption does not represent a health risk to humans. Lactobacillus plantarum strains exhibited considerable antifungal activity against food pathogens.CONCLUSIONThe present finding raises the possibility that high cell density LAB strains with potential probiotic properties could be used to prepare quality silages for animals. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
The role of soil microbes in the global carbon cycle: tracking the below‐ground microbial processing of plant‐derived carbon for manipulating carbon dynamics in agricultural systems
Authors: Gougoulias Christos , Clark Joanna M , Shaw Liz J 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIt is well known that atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) (and other greenhouse gases) have increased markedly as a result of human activity since the industrial revolution. It is perhaps less appreciated that natural and managed soils are an important source and sink for atmospheric CO2 and that, primarily as a result of the activities of soil microorganisms, there is a soil‐derived respiratory flux of CO2 to the atmosphere that overshadows by tenfold the annual CO2 flux from fossil fuel emissions. Therefore small changes in the soil carbon cycle could have large impacts on atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Here we discuss the role of soil microbes in the global carbon cycle and review the main methods that have been used to identify the microorganisms responsible for the processing of plant photosynthetic carbon inputs to soil. We discuss whether application of these techniques can provide the information required to underpin the management of agro‐ecosystems for carbon sequestration and increased agricultural sustainability. We conclude that, although crucial in enabling the identification of plant‐derived carbon‐utilising microbes, current technologies lack the high‐throughput ability to quantitatively apportion carbon use by phylogentic groups and its use efficiency and destination within the microbial metabolome. It is this information that is required to inform rational manipulation of the plant–soil system to favour organisms or physiologies most important for promoting soil carbon storage in agricultural soil. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by JohnWiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Pediatric tracheotomy: Indications and decannulation outcomes
Authors: Funamura Jamie L. , Durbin‐Johnson Blythe , Tollefson Travis T. , Harrison Jeanette , Senders Craig W. 
Published: January 2014

Objectives/HypothesisThe objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in decannulation rates and duration of cannulation between pediatric patients undergoing tracheotomy for different indications.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsMedical records for pediatric patients (age 0–18 years) undergoing tracheotomy between January 1, 2003, and May 31, 2012, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were assigned an indication for tracheotomy from five categories: neurological, cardiopulmonary, upper airway obstruction, craniofacial anomalies, and maxillofacial/laryngotracheal trauma.ResultsInitial chart review identified 124 patients, 113 for whom complete data was available. Of these patients, the indications for tracheotomy were cardiopulmonary disease in 24 (21.2%), craniofacial anomalies in 12 (10.6%), neurological impairment in 44 (38.9%), traumatic injury in 11 (9.7%), and upper airway obstruction in 22 (19.5%). The time to decannulation was shorter for trauma patients compared to cardiopulmonary (P = 0.044) and neurological patients (P = 0.001). A total of 32 (31.9%) patients were decannulated during the study period, with a higher rate in trauma patients (72.7%) and a lower rate in those with upper airway obstruction (36.4%) than would be expected under homogeneity. Of the 32 patients who were decannulated, 11 (30.6%) were decannulated during the same hospitalization in which the tracheotomy was performed.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a difference in overall decannulation rates and a shorter time to decannulation in children undergoing tracheotomy for maxillofacial and laryngotracheal trauma compared to cardiopulmonary and neurological indications.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 124:1952–1958, 2014
Tribological investigations of ionic liquids in ultra‐high vacuum environment
Authors: Totolin Vladimir , Conte Marcello , Berriozábal Edurne , Pagano Francesco , Minami Ichiro , Dörr Nicole , Brenner Josef , Igartua Amaya 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA tribological investigation of two ionic liquids (ILs) that could be used as potential lubricants for vacuum or space applications is presented. Their tribological behaviour was evaluated using a ball‐on‐flat oscillating reciprocating motion CaTri ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) tribometer and the results were compared against those of a conventional perfluoropolyether (PFPE) vacuum lubricant. The thermal stability of the lubricants was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis before exposing them to UHV environment. The worn steel surfaces were studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical and confocal microscope as well as scanning electron microscope. The tribological evaluations showed that ILs exhibited better friction reduction and anti‐wear properties than the PFPE lubricant. The excellent tribological properties were attributed to the formation of a surface protective film composed of iron fluoride and iron phosphate, respectively, on the lubricated metal surfaces by a tribochemical reaction with the ILs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extrusion improved the anti‐inflammatory effect of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) hydrolysates in LPS‐induced human THP‐1 macrophage‐like and mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages by preventing activation of NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Montoya‐Rodríguez Alvaro , de Mejía Elvira González , Dia Vermont P. , Reyes‐Moreno Cuauhtémoc , Milán‐Carrillo Jorge 
Published: January 2014

ScopeThe objective was to compare the anti‐inflammatory potential of unprocessed and extruded amaranth pepsin/pancreatin hydrolysates in LPS‐induced human THP‐1 macrophages‐like and mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages focusing on their anti‐inflammatory mechanism of action related to NF‐κB signaling pathway.Methods and resultsAmaranth hydrolysates were characterized by MS‐MS and tested for anti‐inflammatory effects on human and mouse macrophages. Peptides found in extruded amaranth hydrolysates displayed antioxidant capacity, angiotensin converting enzyme‐inhibitor activity, and dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV inhibitor activity. Gly‐Pro‐Arg peptide was present and reported as antithrombotic. Extruded amaranth hydrolysates (1 mg/mL) significantly reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha secretion in THP‐1 and RAW 264.7 cells by 36.5 and 33.5%, respectively; with concomitant reduction in PGE2 (15.4 and 31.4%), and COX‐2 (38.1 and 67.6%), respectively. Phosphorylation of IKK‐α was significantly reduced by 52.5 and 88.2% leading to reduced phosphorylation of IκB‐α (86.1 and 66.2%), respectively; resulting in a reduction in the expression of p65 NF‐κB subunits in the nucleus by 64.2% for THP‐1 and 70.7% for RAW 264.7 cells.ConclusionAmaranth hydrolysates inhibited LPS‐induced inflammation in human and mouse macrophages by preventing activation of NF‐κB signaling. Extrusion improved anti‐inflammatory effect of amaranth hydrolysates in both cells, which might be attributed to the production of bioactive peptides during processing.
Free energetics of rigid body association of ubiquitin binding domains: A biochemical model for binding mediated by hydrophobic interaction
Authors: Cui Di , Ou Shuching , Patel Sandeep 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTWeak intermolecular interactions, such as hydrophobic associations, underlie numerous biomolecular recognition processes. Ubiquitin is a small protein that represents a biochemical model for exploring thermodynamic signatures of hydrophobic association as it is widely held that a major component of ubiquitin's binding to numerous partners is mediated by hydrophobic regions on both partners. Here, we use atomistic molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with the Adaptive Biasing Force sampling method to compute potentials of mean force (the reversible work, or free energy, associated with the binding process) to investigate the thermodynamic signature of complexation in this well‐studied biochemical model of hydrophobic association. We observe that much like in the case of a purely hydrophobic solute (i.e., graphene, carbon nanotubes), association is favored by entropic contributions from release of water from the interprotein regions. Moreover, association is disfavored by loss of enthalpic interactions, but unlike in the case of purely hydrophobic solutes, in this case protein‐water interactions are lost and not compensated for by additional water‐water interactions generated upon release of interprotein and moreso, hydration, water. We further find that relative orientations of the proteins that mutually present hydrophobic regions of each protein to its partner are favored over those that do not. In fact, the free energy minimum as predicted by a force field based method recapitulates the experimental NMR solution structure of the complex. Proteins 2014; 82:1453–1468. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.