bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Gap in Big Data: Getting to Wellbeing, Strengths, and a Whole-person Perspective
Authors: Monsen Karen A. , Peters Judith , Schlesner Sara , Vanderboom Catherine E. , Holland Diane E. 
Published: May 2015

Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) provide a clinical view of patient health. EHR data are becoming available in large data sets and enabling research that will transform the landscape of healthcare research. Methods are needed to incorporate wellbeing dimensions and strengths in large data sets. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential alignment of the Wellbeing Model with a clinical interface terminology standard, the Omaha System, for documenting wellbeing assessments. Objective: To map the Omaha System and Wellbeing Model for use in a clinical EHR wellbeing assessment and to evaluate the feasibility of describing strengths and needs of seniors generated through this assessment. Methods: The Wellbeing Model and Omaha System were mapped using concept mapping techniques. Based on this mapping, a wellbeing assessment was developed and implemented within a clinical EHR. Strengths indicators and signs/symptoms data for 5 seniors living in a residential community were abstracted from wellbeing assessments and analyzed using standard descriptive statistics and pattern visualization techniques. Results: Initial mapping agreement was 93.5%, with differences resolved by consensus. Wellbeing data analysis showed seniors had an average of 34.8 (range=22–49) strengths indicators for 22.8 concepts. They had an average of 6.4 (range=4–8) signs/symptoms for an average of 3.2 (range=2–5) concepts. The ratio of strengths indicators to signs/symptoms was 6:1 (range 2.8–9.6). Problem concepts with more signs/symptoms had fewer strengths. Conclusion: Together, the Wellbeing Model and the Omaha System have potential to enable a whole-person perspective and enhance the potential for a wellbeing perspective in big data research in healthcare.
Group of education in health: closeness of men to a primary health care center
Authors: Xavier Sheila Quandt , Ceolin Teila , Echevarría-Guanilo Maria Elena , Mendieta Marjoriê da Costa 
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Identificar o acesso da população masculina aos serviços de saúde, a participação dos homens nos grupos de educação em saúde na Unidade Básica de Saúde de um município no Sul do Rio Grande do Sul e reconhecer os motivos que os levaram a procurar o grupo de saúde que participam. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, do tipo descritivo e exploratório, desenvolvido com seis usuários de uma UBS urbana do município de Pelotas (RS). Os dados foram coletados em novembro e dezembro de 2012 por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, após submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: A participação dos homens em grupos de educação em saúde na UBS se limita somente ao grupo de hipertensos e diabéticos. Conclusão: É ncessário planejamento de ações educativas para a outra parcela da população masculina, que não possui nenhum probema de saúde.
Knowledge and practices of nursing teachers about diagnosis of human responses
Authors: Pereira Jamelson dos Santos , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho , Oliveira Ana Márcia de 
Published: May 2015

Objetivo: Objetivou-se discutir os saberes e práticas dos docentes de um Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem sobre o diagnóstico de respostas humanas. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, realizado durante os anos de 2010 e 2012, com catorze docentes da graduação em enfermagem, atuantes em uma Faculdade localizada na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte - CE. Os dados foram coletados através de uma entrevista, mediante a assinatura do termo de anuência pelos participantes. Resultados: Os sujeitos concebem o diagnóstico como o julgamento clínico do enfermeiro sobre as necessidades humanas básicas do indivíduo. Os docentes inserem o tema do diagnóstico as suas atividades pedagógicas, conforme as peculiaridades de cada disciplina curricular. Conclusão: Aventa-se que os docentes aprimorem os seus saberes sobre o diagnóstico de respostas humanas e introduzam, efetivamente, a temática ao seu fazer pedagógico. Descritores: Cuidados de Enfermagem, diagnóstico de Enfermagem, educação em enfermagem.
Generation of Alfvénic waves and turbulence in reconnection jets
Authors: Hoshino Masahiro , Higashimori Katsuaki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe magnetohydrodynamic linear stability with the localized bulk flow oriented parallel to the neutral sheet is investigated, by including the Hall effect and the guide magnetic field. We observe three different unstable modes: a “streaming tearing” mode at a slow flow speed, a “streaming sausage” mode at a medium flow speed, and a “streaming kink” mode at a fast flow speed. The streaming tearing and sausage modes have a standard tearing mode‐like structure with symmetric density fluctuations in the neutral sheet, while the kink mode has an asymmetric fluctuation. The growth rate of the streaming tearing mode decreases with increasing magnetic Reynolds number, while the growth rates of the sausage and kink modes do not depend strongly on the Reynolds number. The sausage and kink modes can be unstable for not only super‐Alfvénic flow but also sub‐Alfvénic flow when the lobe density is low. The wavelengths of these unstable modes are of the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the plasma sheet. Their maximum growth rates are higher than that of a standard tearing mode, and under a strong guide magnetic field, the growth rates of the sausage and kink modes are enhanced, while under a weak guide magnetic field, they are suppressed. For a thin plasma sheet with the Hall effect, the fluctuations of the streaming modes can exist over the plasma sheet. These unstable modes may be regarded as being one of the processes generating Alfvénic turbulence in the plasma sheet during magnetic reconnection.
A general analytical solution for steady flow in heterogeneous porous media
Authors: Craig J. R. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA novel analytical solution approach for problems of steady flow in two‐dimensional heterogeneous porous media is presented, where the hydraulic conductivity may be represented as an arbitrary polynomial in space. The solution approach uses Wirtinger calculus and the Bers‐Vekua theory of elliptical functions. The final form of the solution comprises an arbitrary complex polynomial solution to the Laplace equation and additional nonholomorphic terms which are determined directly from the coefficients of this polynomial. The arbitrary polynomial coefficients may be chosen to satisfy general flow conditions along system boundaries. The approach is also extended to singular flow, such as that induced by pumping wells. The solution is demonstrated to be effectively exact for a number of test cases; the problems are solved to machine precision.
Coral reef metabolism and carbon chemistry dynamics of a coral reef flat
Authors: Albright Rebecca , Benthuysen Jessica , Cantin Neal , Caldeira Ken , Anthony Ken 
Published: April 2015

AbstractGlobal carbon emissions continue to acidify the oceans, motivating growing concern for the ability of coral reefs to maintain net positive calcification rates. Efforts to develop robust relationships between coral reef calcification and carbonate parameters such as aragonite saturation state (Ωarag) aim to facilitate meaningful predictions of how reef calcification will change in the face of ocean acidification. Here we investigate natural trends in carbonate chemistry of a coral reef flat over diel cycles and relate these trends to benthic carbon fluxes by quantifying net community calcification and net community production. We find that, despite an apparent dependence of calcification on Ωarag seen in a simple pairwise relationship, if the dependence of net calcification on net photosynthesis is accounted for, knowing Ωarag does not add substantial explanatory value. This suggests that, over short time scales, the control of Ωarag on net calcification is weak relative to factors governing net photosynthesis.
Improved GPS‐based coseismic displacement monitoring using high‐precision oscillators
Authors: Weinbach U. , Schön S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe determination of high‐frequency displacements using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) observations with sampling frequencies > 1 Hz has attracted much interest in recent years, e.g., in seismology. We propose a new concept for GPS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) that takes advantage of a highly stable oscillator connected to the GPS receiver by modeling its behavior. We show that the high‐frequency noise of kinematic GPS height estimates can be reduced by a factor of up to 4 to the level of 2–3 mm and the overall standard deviation including systematic long periodic errors by a factor of up to 2 to the 1 cm level. Consequently, valuable small and currently hidden vertical displacements can be detected that are not visible with classical PPP. Using data of the 2010 Chile earthquake, we demonstrate that coseismic vertical displacements with an amplitude of only 5 mm can be recovered using PPP with the proposed clock modeling strategy.
An increase in the rate of global mean sea level rise since 2010
Authors: Yi Shuang , Sun Wenke , Heki Kosuke , Qian An 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe global mean sea level (GMSL) was reported to have dropped 5 mm due to the 2010/2011 La Niña and have recovered in 1 year. With longer observations, it is shown that the GMSL went further up to a total amount of 11.6 mm by the end of 2012, excluding the 3.0 mm/yr background trend. A reconciled sea level budget, based on observations by Argo project, altimeter, and gravity satellites, reveals that the true GMSL rise has been masked by El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐related fluctuations and its rate has increased since 2010. After extracting the influence of land water storage, it is shown that the GMSL has been rising at a rate of 4.4 ± 0.5 mm/yr for more than 3 years, due to an increase in the rate of both land ice loss and steric change.
Growth of GaN on sapphire via low‐temperature deposited buffer layer and realization of p‐type GaN by Mg doping followed by low‐energy electron beam irradiation (Nobel Lecture)
Authors: Amano Hiroshi 
Published: April 2015

This is a personal history of one of the Japanese researchers engaged in developing a method for growing GaN on a sapphire substrate, paving the way for the realization of smart television and display systems using blue LEDs. The most important work was done in the mid to late 1980s. The background to the author's work and the process by which the technology enabling the growth of GaN and the realization of p‐type GaN was established are reviewed.***
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Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed ortho CH Heteroarylation of (Hetero)aromatic Carboxylic Acids: A Rapid and Concise Access to π‐Conjugated Poly‐heterocycles
Authors: Qin Xurong , Li Xiaoyu , Huang Quan , Liu Hu , Wu Di , Guo Qiang , Lan Jingbo , Wang Ruilin , You Jingsong 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRhIII‐catalyzed oxidative CH/CH cross‐coupling between (hetero)aromatic carboxylic acids and various heteroarenes has been accomplished to construct highly functionalized ortho‐carboxy‐substituted bi(hetero)aryls. The use of a carboxy group as the directing group obviates tedious steps for installation and removal of extra directing groups, and enables a facile one‐step synthesis of ortho‐carboxy bi(hetero)aryls. The method provides opportunities for rapid assembly of a library of important fluorene and coumarin‐type poly‐heterocycles through intramolecular electrophilic substitution or oxidative lactonization. As illustrative examples, the strategy developed herein greatly streamlines accesses to a variety of appealing polyheterocycles such as DTPO (5H‐dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyran‐5‐one), CPDTO (cyclopentadithiophen‐4‐one), and indenothiophenes.
Biomonitoring of the Genotoxic and Hepatotoxic Effects and Oxidative Stress Potentials of Itraconazole in Pregnant Rats
Authors: El‐Shershaby Abdel‐Fattah , Dakrory Ahmed I. , El‐Dakdoky Mai H. , Ibrahim Jehane , Kassem Fatma 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUNDPregnant women are more susceptible to both vaginal colonization and infection by yeast. One hundred million fungal infected patients have been treated worldwide with itraconazole (Caputo, 2003.METHODItraconazole was administrated orally to pregnant rats at doses of 75, 100, or 150 mg/kg during gestational days (GD) 1 to 7 or GD 8 to 14 or GD 14 to 20. The genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of the antifungal drug itraconazole were assessed during different periods of pregnancy using different methods.RESULTSIt was found that itraconazole was a genotoxic drug for both mothers and fetuses. This finding was observed via significant elevation in the estimated comet assay parameters (percentage of fragmented DNA, tail moment, and olive moment), percentage of fragmented DNA measured by diphenylamine assay and mixed smearing and laddering of DNA fragments of liver samples. In addition, itraconazole caused significant elevation in the level of hepatic malondialdehyde and depletion in the catalase activity and glutathione level. Furthermore, itraconazole induced histopathological alterations in the hepatic tissues of both mothers and fetuses.CONCLUSIONThese findings indicate that itraconazole administration at doses of 75, 100, or 150 mg/kg during pregnancy induced maternal and fetal toxicity that could be induced by the genotoxicity and the oxidative damage
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in the treatment of depression: a matched pairs study in an inpatient setting
Authors: Hase Michael , Balmaceda Ute Mirian , Hase Adrian , Lehnung Maria , Tumani Visal , Huchzermeier Christian , Hofmann Arne 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundDepression is a severe mental disorder that challenges mental health systems worldwide as the success rates of all established treatments are limited. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a scientifically acknowledged psychotherapeutic treatment for PTSD. Given the recent research indicating that trauma and other adverse life experiences can be the basis of depression, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of EMDR therapy with this disorder.MethodIn this study, we recruited a group of 16 patients with depressive episodes in an inpatient setting. These 16 patients were treated with EMDR therapy by reprocessing of memories related to stressful life events in addition to treatment as usual (TAU). They were compared to a group of 16 controls matched regarding diagnosis, degree of depression, sex, age and time of admission to hospital, which were receiving TAU only.ResultsSixty‐eight percent of the patients in the EMDR group showed full remission at end of treatment. The EMDR group showed a greater reduction in depressive symptoms as measured by the SCL‐90‐R depression subscale. This difference was significant even when adjusted for duration of treatment. In a follow‐up period of more than 1 year the EMDR group reported less problems related to depression and less relapses than the control group.ConclusionsEMDR therapy shows promise as an effective treatment for depressive disorders. Larger controlled studies are necessary to replicate our findings.
Evolution of mitral valve procedural volumes in the advent of endovascular treatment options: Experience at an early‐adopting center in Germany
Authors: Conradi Lenard , Lubos Edith , Treede Hendrik , Pietzsch Jan Benjamin , Weber Simon , Pietzsch Malte , Overlack Karin , Diemert Patrick , Blankenberg Stefan , Reichenspurner Hermann 
Published: April 2015

ObjectivesOur objectives were to assess the evolution of surgical and endovascular mitral valve procedural volumes and to study utilization and reimbursement effects of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) at our center and to put these in perspective with the corresponding data at the national level.BackgroundTMVR using the MitraClip system has been available in Germany since 2008 as a complementary treatment option for high‐risk or inoperable patients.MethodsRelevant procedure codes were identified for 2006–2012 and yearly utilization volumes obtained from our center's databases and from the national statistics office. Volumes were analyzed in total, and stratified by treatment approach. Procedure reimbursement at our center was determined for years 2007–2012.ResultsAt our center, 378 MitraClip procedures were performed from 2008 to 2012. During this period, surgical volumes grew at an average of 10.6% annually (2008: 262; 2012: 392; 49.6% total growth rate). Total surgical and TMVR reimbursement increased from EUR 3.8 million (2007) to EUR 7.9 million (2012). By comparison, mitral valve procedural volumes grew by 56.1% from 2006 to 2012 at the national level, with TMVR constituting 9.1% of 20,328 procedures in 2012. Since the introduction of MitraClip, nationwide surgical procedural volumes grew at an average of 6.3% annually (2008: 14,477; 2012: 18,478; 27.6% total growth rate).ConclusionsGrowth in procedural volumes during 2006–2012 reflects an increasing supply and subsequent demand for mitral valve procedures. The introduction of TMVR has contributed to overall growth, and has not reduced continued growth in surgical volumes. Our center‐specific analysis suggests a “halo effect” of an integrated approach to mitral valve disease contributing to additional growth in surgical and overall reimbursement volumes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Substituent Effects on the Photochromic Properties of Benzothiophene‐Based Derivatives
Authors: Galangau Olivier , Nakashima Takuyama , Maurel François , Kawai Tsuyoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFive diarylethene photochromic derivatives, the structures of which incorporate a central benzothiophene unit, a left‐hand thiazole group, and a right‐hand benzothiophene group, have been prepared. The compound with a thiazole unit with no substituent on the reaction‐center carbon atom reveals an unprecedented transformation upon light irradiation. When the 4‐position of thiazole is protected by a methyl group, the compounds show high photosensitivity and photochromic properties. In this case, light irradiation affords new compounds with [5]helicene structures featuring the highest redshifted absorption maxima reported to date.
Is mastectomy undertreatment for low‐risk breast cancers eligible for breast‐conserving therapy?
Authors: Bagaria Sanjay P. , Wasif Nabil , Rawal Bhupendra , McLaughlin Sarah A. , Giuliano Armando E. 
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUNDBiomarkers are routinely used to predict responses to systemic therapies, but their utility for predicting responses to local therapy for breast cancer is not known. This study determined whether biomarkers could predict responses to breast‐conserving therapy (BCT) and mastectomy.METHODSA review of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database identified women diagnosed with early‐stage invasive ductal breast cancer and treated with BCT or mastectomy from 1998 to 2008. The estrogen receptor (ER) status and the histologic grade were used to construct 3 biomarker profiles: low risk (ER‐positive, low/intermediate grade), intermediate risk (ER‐positive, high grade), and high risk (ER‐negative, any grade). The primary measured outcome was disease‐specific survival (DSS).RESULTSBCT and mastectomy were performed in 114,486 patients (59.2%) and 79,035 patients (40.8%), respectively. There were 122,420 low‐risk patients (63.3%), 34,341 intermediate‐risk patients (17.7%), and 36,760 high‐risk patients (19.0%). Multivariate analyses were performed separately for patients with low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk tumors. The adjusted hazard ratios for DSS for patients who underwent mastectomy versus BCT for low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk tumors were 1.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54‐1.79; P < .001), 1.40 (95% CI, 1.29‐1.53; P < .001), and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.19‐1.35; P < .001), respectively.CONCLUSIONSPatients with ER‐positive, low‐grade breast cancers who underwent mastectomy had a 66% increase in disease‐specific mortality versus those who underwent BCT. Biomarker profiles defined by the ER status and grade may improve the selection of local therapy for breast cancer. Cancer 2015;121:2705‐2712. © 2015 American Cancer Society
Selective Formation of Indene through the Reaction of Benzyl Radicals with Acetylene
Authors: Parker Dorian S. N. , Kaiser Ralf. I. , Kostko Oleg , Ahmed Musahid 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe combustion of fossil fuels forms polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) composed of five‐ and six‐ membered aromatic rings, such as indene (C9H8), which are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and deleterious to the environment. Indene, the simplest PAH with single five‐ and six‐membered rings, has been predicted theoretically to be formed through the reaction of benzyl radicals with acetylene. Benzyl radicals are found in significant concentrations in combustion flames, owing to their highly stable aromatic and resonantly stabilized free‐radical character. We provide compelling experimental evidence that indene is synthesized through the reaction of the benzyl radical (C7H7) with acetylene (C2H2) under combustion‐like conditions at 600 K. The mechanism involves an initial addition step followed by cyclization and aromatization through atomic hydrogen loss. This reaction was found to form the indene isomer exclusively, which, in conjunction with the high concentrations of benzyl and acetylene in combustion environments, indicates that this pathway is the predominant route to synthesize the prototypical five‐ and six‐membered PAH.
Melanin‐Inspired Organic Electronics: Electroluminescence in Asymmetric Triazatruxenes
Authors: Manini Paola , Criscuolo Valeria , Ricciotti Laura , Pezzella Alessandro , Barra Mario , Cassinese Antonio , Crescenzi Orlando , Maglione Maria Grazia , Tassini Paolo , Minarini Carla , Barone Vincenzo , d'Ischia Marco 
Published: May 2015

AbstractInvited for this month’s cover is the group of Dr. Paola Manini from the University of Naples Federico II. The cover picture shows the concept underlying the design of a melanin‐inspired electroluminescent material for OLED devices. This article is part of a well‐structured research project aimed at imitating Nature’s most enigmatic and fascinating functional pigments for the design and synthesis of innovative biomaterials for organic electronics applications. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201402444.