bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicides among construction workers in the United States, 2021
Authors: Harris William , Trueblood Amber B. , Yohannes Thomas , Rodman Christopher P. , Rinehart Rick 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundConstruction workers have the second highest suicide death rate; despite this, there is limited literature examining suicides in the industry, which is necessary to identify those at higher risk of death by suicide. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of those who died by suicide in construction to address this knowledge gap.MethodsData from the National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistics System 2021 public use Mortality Multiple Cause‐of‐Death file were used to identify deaths by suicide, while denominator data for rates come from the 2021 Current Population Survey.ResultsIn 2021, construction workers were disproportionately affected by suicide deaths. Almost a fifth (17.9%) of deaths by suicide with a reported industry code were in construction, despite construction workers accounting for only 7.4% of the workforce. Male construction workers accounted for a majority (97.8%) of suicide deaths. The highest percent of deaths by suicide were among individuals who were white, non‐Hispanic, completed high school or equivalent, and single, across construction and all industries for males and females.Discussion and ConclusionsMale and female construction workers had the highest rates of suicide across all characteristics when compared to all industries. Our findings support the need for ongoing prevention efforts within the industry. Future research is needed to understand suicide risk among certain characteristics and occupations. In addition, the work environment or other work‐related factors should be studied to understand how the unique nature of the construction industry may be associated with higher suicide rates.
Highly Dispersed Pd‐CeOx Nanoparticles in Zeolite Nanosheets for Efficient CO2‐Mediated Hydrogen Storage and Release
Authors: Li Chengxu , He Guangyuan , Qu Ziqiang , Zhang Kai , Guo Liwen , Zhang Tianjun , Zhang Jichao , Sun Qiming , Mei Donghai , Yu Jihong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFormic acid (FA) dehydrogenation and CO2 hydrogenation to FA/formate represent promising methodologies for the efficient and clean storage and release of hydrogen, forming a CO2‐neutral energy cycle. Here, we report the synthesis of highly dispersed and stable bimetallic Pd‐based nanoparticles, immobilized on self‐pillared silicalite‐1 (SP‐S‐1) zeolite nanosheets using an incipient wetness co‐impregnation technique. Owing to the highly accessible active sites, effective mass transfer, exceptional hydrophilicity, and the synergistic effect of the bimetallic species, the optimized PdCe0.2/SP‐S‐1 catalyst demonstrated unparalleled catalytic performance in both FA dehydrogenation and CO2 hydrogenation to formate. Remarkably, it achieved a hydrogen generation rate of 5974 molH2 molPd−1 h−1 and a formate production rate of 536 molformate molPd−1 h−1 at 50 °C, surpassing most previously reported heterogeneous catalysts under similar conditions. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the interfacial effect between Pd and cerium oxide clusters substantially reduces the activation barriers for both reactions, thereby increasing the catalytic performance. Our research not only showcases a compelling application of zeolite nanosheet‐supported bimetallic nanocatalysts in CO2‐mediated hydrogen storage and release but also contributes valuable insights towards the development of safe, efficient, and sustainable hydrogen technologies.
Wiring Covalent Organic Frameworks with Conducting Polymers
Authors: Gong Yifan , Deng Lejian , Xu Xiaoyi , Liu Ruoyang , Li Juan , Huang Ning , Jiang Donglin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks are a class of crystalline porous polymers formed by linking organic units into periodically aligned skeletons and pores. Here we report a strategy for wiring these frameworks with conducting polymers via wall engineering and polymerization. We anchored each edge site with one pyrrole unit, which is densely packed along the z direction yet protruded from pore walls. This assembly enables the polymerization of pyrrole units to form polypyrrole and creates a new polypyrrole chain conformation. The resultant framework constitutes six single file polypyrrole chains in each pore and develop spatially segregated yet built‐in single molecular wires with exceptional stable polarons. Hall effect measurements revealed that the materials are p‐type semiconductors, increase conductivity by eight orders of magnitude compared to the pristine frameworks, and achieve a carrier mobility as large as 13.2 cm2 V−1 s−1. Our results open an avenue to π electronic frameworks by interlayer molecular wiring with conducting polymers.
Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence Energy Transfer Combined with Chirality‐Selective Absorption for Modulating Full‐Color and White Circularly Polarized Long Afterglow
Authors: Yang Kai , Zhang Run , Liu Yanze , Zhao Biao , Wu Youping , Deng Jianping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCircularly polarized long afterglow (CPLA) attracts great interests in multi‐disciplinary fields with significant potentials in optical multiplexing applications, but achieving full‐color and white CPLA is still challenging. The present contribution reports the first success in utilizing circularly polarized phosphorescence energy transfer (CPP‐ET) combined with chirality‐selective absorption (CSA) to construct full‐color and white CPLA materials. Blue CPLA with luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of 3×10−2 is firstly obtained via the CSA effect of chiral helical polyacetylene and blue ultralong afterglow of inorganic phosphor BP. Significantly, full‐color and white CPLA films are prepared by simply blending different fluorophores into the blue‐CPLA films via CPP‐ET. Benefited from the persistent luminescence of BP, the lifetimes of the fluorophores increase from nanoseconds to minutes, and ultralong full‐color CPLA emissions lasting for more than 20 min are realized with glum of 10−3. Also noticeably, chiral optoelectronic devices, multi‐dimension information encryption and chiral logic gate are developed based on the full‐color tunable CPLA‐active materials. The established strategy provides a universal platform for future development of CPLA‐active materials with great applications.
Appendicular myology of Skorpiovenator bustingorryi: A first attempt to reconstruct pelvic and hindlimb musculature in an abelisaurid theropod
Authors: Cerroni Mauricio A. , Otero Alejandro , Novas Fernando E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present the pelvic and hindlimb musculature of the abelisaurid Skorpiovenator bustingorryi, constituting the most comprehensive muscle reconstruction to date in ceratosaur theropods. Using extant phylogenetic bracket method, we reconstructed 39 muscles that can commonly found in extant archosaurs. Through the identification of bone correlates, we recognized thigh and hindlimb muscles including knee extensors, m. iliofibularis, m. flexor tibialis externus, mm. caudofemorales, mm. puboischiofemorales, and crus muscles important in foot extension and flexion (e.g., m. tibialis anterior, mm. gastrocnemii). Also, autopodial intrinsic muscles were reconstructed whose function involve extension (m. extensor digiti 2–4), flexion (mm. flexor digitorum brevis superficialis), interdigital adduction (m. interosseus dorsalis) and abduction (m. interosseous plantaris, m. abductor 4). Abelisaurids like Skorpiovenator show a deep pre‐ and postacetabular blade of the ilia and enlarged cnemial crests, which would have helped increasing the moment arm of muscles related to hip flexion and hindlimb extension. Also, pedal muscles related to pronation were probably present but reduced (e.g., m. pronator profundus). Despite some gross differences in the autopodial morphology in extant outgroups (e.g., crocodilian metatarsus and avian tarsometatarsus), the present study allows us to hypothesize several pedal muscles in Skorpiovenator. These muscles would not be arranged in tendinous bundles as in Neornithes, but rather the condition would be similar to that of crocodilians with several layers formed by fleshy bellies on the plantar and dorsal aspects of the metatarsus. The musculature of Skorpiovenator is key for future studies concerning abelisaurid biomechanics, including the integration of functional morphology and ichnological data.
Effect of CNT Oxidation on the Processing and Properties of Superacid‐Spun CNT Fibers
Authors: Cheng Kang , Cheng Lingzhi , Jiang Xinrong , Wang Zeyuan , Pan Jingyi , Fang Na , Zhang Ziyi , Qu Shuxuan , Lyu Weibang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpinning fibers from carbon nanotube (CNT)/superacid dispersions has emerged as a promising strategy for industrial‐scale production of high‐performance CNT fibers (CNTFs). The oxygen content and types of functional groups on CNT surfaces significantly influence dispersion, assembly processes, and fiber properties. In this study, Tuball‐SWCNTs were purified and oxidized at varying levels. The dispersion behavior of CNTs with different oxidation levels in chlorosulfonic acid was systematically observed, and the mechanical properties of fibers spun from these dispersions were compared. By adjusting the dispersion concentration, highly oriented CNTFs were produced with a specific strength of 1.03 N/tex, a tensile strength of 1.59 GPa, and an electrical conductivity of 3.58 MS/m. Further investigations indicated that oxygen‐containing functional groups decrease the coagulation rate, increasing the maximum draw ratio during spinning and improving CNT alignment in the fibers. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that these functional groups (−OH, ‐COOH) enhance load transfer between CNTs through hydrogen bonding. This specific strength is the highest achieved using Tuball‐SWCNTs for superacid‐spun fibers, surpassing previous works due to the oxidation‐controlled coagulation rate, enhanced fiber orientation, and improved load transfer via hydrogen bonding. This study provides insights for designing and optimizing high‐performance CNTFs.
Profound interdecadal variability of the summer precipitation over the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Deng Mengyu , Li Chaofan , Lu Riyu , Dunstone Nick J. , Bett Philip E. , Xiao Miaoyuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin (UYRB) are famous for their hydropower generation and water resources in China, relying greatly on precipitation. The UYRB summer precipitation has decreased since the early 2000s and has been exposed to a particularly dry period in the most recent two decades. By analyzing the long‐term variability from the beginning of the 20th Century, we found that the precipitation exhibits a profound periodic interdecadal variation, with a significant cycle of 30–50 years. The interdecadal variability of precipitation is shown to be significantly modulated by both the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), exerting their impact through related circulation anomalies. Moreover, the periodical nature of the UYRB precipitation variation and its correlation with AMO/PDO suggest that the UYRB might enter a wet period in the forthcoming decade, i.e. rich in hydroelectric resources but a high risk of flood.
Exome sequencing identifies novel genes underlying primary congenital glaucoma in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Authors: Blue Elizabeth E. , Moore Kristin J. , North Kari E. , Desrosiers Tania A. , Carmichael Suzan L. , White Janson J. , Chong Jessica X. , Bamshad Michael J. , Jenkins Mary M. , Almli Lynn M. , Brody Lawrence C. , Freedman Sharon F. , Reefhuis Jennita , Romitti Paul A. , Shaw Gary M. , Werler Martha , Kay Denise M. , Browne Marilyn L. , Feldkamp Marcia L. , Finnell Richard H. , Nembhard Wendy N. , Pangilinan Faith , Olshan Andrew F. ,   the National Institutes of Health Intramural Sequencing Center,   the University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrimary congenital glaucoma (PCG) affects approximately 1 in 10,000 live born infants in the United States (U.S.). PCG has a autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, and variable expressivity and reduced penetrance have been reported. Likely causal variants in the most commonly mutated gene, CYP1B1, are less prevalent in the U.S., suggesting that alternative genes may contribute to the condition. This study utilized exome sequencing to investigate the genetic architecture of PCG in the U.S. and to identify novel genes and variants.MethodsWe studied 37 family trios where infants had PCG and were part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (births 1997–2011), a U.S. multicenter study of birth defects. Samples underwent exome sequencing and sequence reads were aligned to the human reference sample (NCBI build 37/hg19). Variant filtration was conducted under de novo and Mendelian inheritance models using GEMINI.ResultsAmong candidate variants, CYP1B1 was most represented (five trios, 13.5%). Twelve probands (32%) had potentially pathogenic variants in other genes not previously linked to PCG but important in eye development and/or to underlie Mendelian conditions with potential phenotypic overlap (e.g., CRYBB2, RXRA, GLI2).ConclusionVariation in the genes identified in this population‐based study may help to further explain the genetics of PCG.
Streamlined screening of extracellularly expressed PETase libraries for improved polyethylene terephthalate degradation
Authors: Orr Guy , Niv Yoav , Barakat Maya , Boginya Alexandra , Dessau Moshe , Afriat‐Jurnou Livnat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnzyme‐mediated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) depolymerization has recently emerged as a sustainable solution for PET recycling. Towards an industrial‐scale implementation of this technology, various strategies are being explored to enhance PET depolymerization (PETase) activity and improve enzyme stability, expression, and purification processes. Recently, rational engineering of a known PET hydrolase (LCC—leaf compost cutinase) has resulted in the isolation of a variant harboring four‐point mutations (LCC‐ICCG), presenting increased PETase activity and thermal stability. Here, we revealed the enzyme's natural extracellular expression and used it to efficiently screen error‐prone genetic libraries based on LCC‐ICCG for enhanced activity toward consumer‐grade PET. Following multiple rounds of mutagenesis and screening, we successfully isolated variants that exhibited up to a 60% increase in PETase activity. Among other mutations, the improved variants showed a histidine to tyrosine substitution at position 218, a residue known to be involved in substrate binding and stabilization. Introducing H218Y mutation on the background of LCC‐ICCG (named here LCC‐ICCG/H218Y) resulted in a similar level of activity improvement. Analysis of the solved structure of LCC‐ICCG/H218Y compared to other known PETases featuring different amino acids at the equivalent position suggests that H218Y substitution promotes enhanced PETase activity. The expression and screening processes developed in this study can be further used to optimize additional enzymatic parameters crucial for efficient enzymatic degradation of consumer‐grade PET.
Comparable cerebral cortex activity and gait performance in elderly hypertensive and healthy individuals during dual‐task walking: A fNIRS study
Authors: Yao Qiuru , Chen Ling , Qu Hang , Fan Weichao , He Longlong , Li Gege , Hu Jinjing , Zou Jihua , Huang Guozhi , Zeng Qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundHypertension increases the risk of cognitive impairment and related dementia, causing impaired executive function and unusual gait parameters. However, the mechanism of neural function illustrating this is unclear. Our research aimed to explore the differences of cerebral cortex activation, gait parameters, and working memory performance between healthy older adults (HA) and older hypertensive (HT) patients when performing cognitive and walking tasks.MethodA total of 36 subjects, including 12 healthy older adults and 24 older hypertensive patients were asked to perform series conditions including single cognitive task (SC), single walking task (SW), and dual‐task (DT), wearing functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) equipment and Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity equipment to record cortical hemodynamic reactions and various gait parameters.ResultsThe left somatosensory cortex (L‐S1) and bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA) showed higher cortical activation (p < .05) than HA when HT performed DT. The intragroup comparison showed that HT had higher cortical activation (p < .05) when performing DT as SW. The cognitive performance of HT was significantly worse (p < .05) than HA when executing SC. The activation of the L‐S1, L‐M1, and bilateral SMA in HT were significantly higher during SW (p < .05).ConclusionHypertension can lead to cognitive impairment in the elderly, including executive function and walking function decline. As a result of these functional declines, elderly patients with hypertension are unable to efficiently allocate brain resources to support more difficult cognitive interference tasks and need to meet more complex task demands by activating more brain regions.
Chrysin Enhances Anti‐Cancer Activity of Jurkat T Cell and NK‐92 Cells Against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Durmus Ezgi , Ozman Zeynep , Ceyran Ibrahim Halil , Pasin Ozge , Kocyigit Abdurrahim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChrysin, a naturally occurring flavonoid in plant and bee products, demonstrates notable biological activities, including anti‐cancer effects. These properties are partially attributed to its capability to activate immune cells. This study focused on exploring the immunomodulatory potential of chrysin on NK‐92 and Jurkat‐T cells targeting breast cancer cells (BCC). Chrysin leads to activation of NK‐92 and T cells facilitated by the addition of human recombinant IL‐2 and PHA−M. The anti‐cancer efficacy of chrysin on these immune cells was evaluated in a co‐culture setup with EGF‐stimulated MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Findings revealed that chrysin notably increased the cytotoxicity of NK‐92 and T cells towards MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells, with the most significant impact observed on MCF‐7 cells (20 %). The activation of NK‐92 cells, marked by increased IFN‐γ production and CD56 expression, correlated with enhanced secretion of cytokines. Additionally, the activation of these cells against BCC was linked with elevated levels of granzyme‐B, TNF‐α, and nitric oxide (NO). Similarly, the cytotoxic activation of Jurkat‐T cells against BCC was characterized by increased production of granzyme‐B, IL‐2, and IFN‐γ. Consequently, these results support the hypothesis that chrysin significantly contributes to the activation and functional enhancement of NK‐92 and T‐cells against two distinct BCC lines.
The Conformational Behaviour of Fluorinated Tetrahydrothiopyran
Authors: Egbaria Nwar , Agbaria Mohamed , Borin Veniamin A. , Hoffman Roy E. , Bogoslavsky Benny , Schapiro Igor , Nairoukh Zackaria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present a comprehensive study on the conformational behavior of diversely substituted 4‐fluorotetrahydrothiopyran derivatives. Through quantum chemical simulations including DFT as well as NBO and NPA analysis, we elucidate the pivotal role of electrostatic interactions, occasionally complemented by hyperconjugative interactions, in stabilizing axial fluorine conformers. Less polar conformers were occasionally obtained, attributed to the interplay of electrostatic and hyperconjugative interactions. Experimental validation through NMR spectroscopy aligns with the computational analysis, thus providing a coherent understanding of the structural dynamics of these compounds.
Dual‐frequency three‐dimensional wireless power transfer system to achieve two‐channel independent maximum power transfer
Authors: Dan Hanbing , Chao Yuqian , Liu Zixi , Liu Xueqing , Zhu Qi , Su Mei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a dual‐frequency three‐dimensional wireless power transfer system, which can achieve dual channel independent maximum power transfer of two movable receivers. Based on the dual‐frequency compensation network, a dual‐frequency magnetic field orientation strategy and a current control strategy are developed. Accordingly, the mathematical model of the proposed system is established, providing the theoretical support for mutual non‐interference of the power transfer between the two power transfer channels with different frequencies. On this basis, an iterative optimization control system is designed for independent maximum power transfer for two power transfer channels without any interference. A 200‐W experimental prototype with an efficiency of around 80% is built to verify the correctness of the proposed system. In the case of load position change, the response time of the proposed system is around 200 ms.
Synthesis of an Organotin S‐thiobenzoylthioglycolate Complex and its Application as a Single Source Precursor to SnS2 Thin Film
Authors: Pratap Rajesh , Rai Sajal , Srivastava Anchal , Bhattacharya Subrato 
Published: July 2024

AbstractS‐thiobenzoylthioglycolic acid possessing two sulfur and two oxygen atoms was used to synthesize an oxoorganotin(IV) carboxylate molecule, [BuSn(O)(O2CCH2SC(S)Ph)]6. The molecule is a hexanuclear cluster that has been characterized structurally by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The complex was used as a single‐source precursor to prepare a thin film of SnS2 by the chemical vapor deposition technique. The distinct triangular formations of SnS2 were characterized by spectral and microscopic measurements. Well‐defined boundaries and considerable sizes of SnS2 structures have been identified.
Phenyl Substituted Cyclo(meta)polyphenylenes: One More Step Towards the Total Synthesis of Diameter‐Controlled Zig‐Zag Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Nasser Moussa Bamba Abdoul , Ben Saida Ali , Abdellah Ibrahim , Latil Sylvain , Guérineau Vincent , Gallard Jean‐François , Huc Vincent 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe calixarene‐templated synthesis of new cyclo(meta‐ polyphenylenes (CMPs) is described. These compounds are functionalized with added aromatic units, that are suitably oriented for oxidative aromatization to be envisioned. This could pave the way towards the synthesis of elongated segments of zigzag‐type single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs).
Numerical study on effect of hybrid nanofluid as a passive heat transfer enhancement technique and different climates on thermal performance in a linear Fresnel collector
Authors: Salehi Najmeh , Lavasani Arash Mirabdolah , Mehdipour Ramin , Yazdi Mohammad Eftekhari 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA notable distinction in this research is the utilization of a new method for calculating critical heat flux (CHF) based on a Look‐Up Table. The present study comprehensively investigates the effects of hybrid nanofluid, a type of passive heat transfer enhancement technique, on convection heat transfer coefficients and CHF. The study covers five different climates representing significant climate conditions in Iran, namely Bandar Abbas, Esfahan, Shiraz, Tehran, and Yazd, each with different solar irradiations. The nanoparticles considered in this study include silver, nickel, and aluminum, as well as Ag‐Au hybrid nanofluid with volumetric concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. The modeling results reveal that the heat transfer coefficient increases with the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles. According to the results, at the CHF point for 2 vol% Ag–Au hybrid nanofluid and Ag, Ni, and Al nanoparticles, the heat transfer coefficient shows an increase of 28%, 11.5%, 10.6%, and 4.9%, respectively, compared to the results for pure water in Shiraz. Despite the acceptable results and effective performance of 2 vol% Ag–Au hybrid nanofluid for a linear Fresnel reflector, economically, 2 vol% nickel nanoparticles are identified as the most suitable choice.