bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análisis de validez en la evaluación entre iguales: un estudio en educación superior
Authors: Pascual-Gómez Isabel , Lorenzo-Llamas Elena María , Monge-López Carlos 
Published: June 2015

No	son muy numerosas las investigaciones que se han realizado	en España sobre la participación de los estudiantes en los	procesos de evaluación entre iguales en el marco de	la Educación Superior. El	objetivo de este trabajo es conocer con mayor precisión un	proceso de evaluación participativa en el marco de un	proyecto de aprendizaje cooperativo. Se recogieron datos de	una muestra de 119 estudiantes matriculados en una	asignatura del Grado de Magisterio en la Universidad de	Alcalá. El procedimiento de recogida de datos fue online. Se	diseñaron actividades de evaluación entre iguales y	autoevaluación grupal. Los datos se compararon con las	calificaciones emitidas por el profesor. Los resultados del	análisis de contraste de medias arrojan una diferencia	significativa de 1-2 puntos entre ambas puntuaciones a favor	del alumnado. A pesar de esta sobrevaloración, el análisis	de contenido del instrumento de autoevaluación concluye la	utilidad de esta investigación: este tipo de procesos mejora la	capacidad formativa de los procesos de evaluación tanto para el discente como para el docente.
Implicación y regulación del trabajo del alumnado en los sistemas de evaluación formativa en educación superior
Authors: Hortigüela-Alcalá David , Pérez-Pueyo Ángel , López-Pastor Víctor 
Published: June 2015

El objetivo de	este estudio es analizar cuál es la relación entre la	utilización de sistemas de evaluación formativa en educación	superior y la implicación y la organización y distribución	del trabajo del alumnado a lo largo del cuatrimestre. La	muestra utilizada es de3.304 alumnos, correspondientes a 50	asignaturas de 16 universidades españolas. Se utiliza la	Escala de Sistemas de Evaluación perteneciente al	cuestionario sobre metodología y evaluación en la formación	inicial del profesorado, en el que se plantean diferentes	cuestiones relacionadas con la vía de evaluación formativa.	Se ha empleado un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo (medias,	DT y varianzas) e inferencial (tablas de contingencia y ?2,	correlaciones y ANOVA). El alumnado valora positivamente	este sistema de evaluación recibido, asumiendo la necesidad	de implicarse desde el comienzo en la asignatura y de buscar	estrategias para regular su trabajo. También se demuestra	que el alumnado que más veces ha participado en estas vías	de evaluación presenta un nivel de implicación mayor, algo	que también sucede con el alumnado de cuarto curso. Sin	embargo, el hecho de haberse matriculado una o más veces en	la misma asignatura no muestra relación significativa con	una mayor o menor implicación
Interseismic deformation of the Shahroud fault system (NE Iran) from space‐borne radar interferometry measurements
Authors: Mousavi Z. , Pathier E. , Walker R. T. , Walpersdorf A. , Tavakoli F. , Nankali H. , Sedighi M. , Doin M.‐P. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Shahroud fault system is a major active structure in the Alborz range of NE Iran whose slip rate is not well constrained despite its potential high seismic hazard. In order to constrain the slip rate of the eastern Shahroud fault zone, we use space‐borne synthetic aperture radar interferometry with both ascending and descending Envisat data to determine the rate of interseismic strain accumulation across the system. We invert the slip rate from surface velocity measurements using a half‐space elastic dislocation model. The modeling results are consistent with a left‐lateral slip rate of 4.75 ± 0.8 mm/yr on the Abr and Jajarm, strands of the Shahroud fault, with a 10 ± 4 km locking depth. This is in good agreement with the 4–6 mm/yr of left‐lateral displacement rate accumulated across the total Shahroud fault system obtained from GPS measurements.
Terrestrial OH nightglow measurements during the Rosetta flyby
Authors: Migliorini A. , Gérard J. C. , Soret L. , Piccioni G. , Capaccioni F. , Filacchione G. , Snels M. , Tosi F. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe present a study of the terrestrial hydroxyl nightglow emissions observed with the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer on board the Rosetta mission. During these observations, the OH Δv = 1 and 2 sequences were measured simultaneously. This allowed investigating the relative population of the v = 1 to 9 vibrational levels by using both sequences. In particular, the relative population of the vibrational level v = 1 is determined for the first time from observations. The vibrational population decreases with increasing vibrational quantum number. A good agreement is found with a recent model calculation assuming multiquantum relaxation for OH(v) quenching by O2 and single‐quantum relaxation for OH(v) by N2.
Fractures on comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko observed by Rosetta/OSIRIS
Authors: El‐Maarry M. R. , Thomas N. , Gracia‐Berná A. , Marschall R. , Auger A.‐T. , Groussin O. , Mottola S. , Pajola M. , Massironi M. , Marchi S. , Höfner S. , Preusker F. , Scholten F. , Jorda L. , Kührt E. , Keller H. U. , Sierks H. , A'Hearn M. F. , Barbieri C. , Barucci M. A. , Bertaux J.‐L. , Bertini I. , Cremonese G. , Da Deppo V. , Davidsson B. , Debei S. , De Cecco M. , Deller J. , Güttler C. , Fornasier S. , Fulle M. , Gutierrez P. J. , Hofmann M. , Hviid S. F. , Ip W.‐H. , Knollenberg J. , Koschny D. , Kovacs G. , Kramm J.‐R. , Küppers M. , Lamy P. L. , Lara L. M. , Lazzarin M. , Lopez Moreno J. J. , Marzari F. , Michalik H. , Naletto G. , Oklay N. , Pommerol A. , Rickman H. , Rodrigo R. , Tubiana C. , Vincent J.‐B. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System (OSIRIS) experiment onboard the Rosetta spacecraft currently orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko has yielded unprecedented views of a comet's nucleus. We present here the first ever observations of meter‐scale fractures on the surface of a comet. Some of these fractures form polygonal networks. We present an initial assessment of their morphology, topology, and regional distribution. Fractures are ubiquitous on the surface of the comet's nucleus. Furthermore, they occur in various settings and show different topologies suggesting numerous formation mechanisms, which include thermal insulation weathering, orbital‐induced stresses, and possibly seasonal thermal contraction. However, we conclude that thermal insolation weathering is responsible for creating most of the observed fractures based on their morphology and setting in addition to thermal models that indicate diurnal temperature ranges exceeding 200 K and thermal gradients of ~15 K/min at perihelion are possible. Finally, we suggest that fractures could be a facilitator in surface evolution and long‐term erosion.
Disappearance of the southeast U.S. “warming hole” with the late 1990s transition of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation
Authors: Meehl Gerald A. , Arblaster Julie M. , Chung Christine T. Y. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObserved surface air temperatures over the contiguous U.S. for the second half of the twentieth century showed a slight cooling over the southeastern part of the country, the so‐called “warming hole,” while temperatures over the rest of the country warmed. This pattern reversed after 2000. Climate model simulations show that the disappearance of the warming hole in the early 2000s is likely associated with the transition of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) phase from positive to negative in the tropical Pacific in the late 1990s, coincident with the early 2000s slowdown of the warming trend in globally averaged surface air temperature. Analysis of a specified convective heating anomaly sensitivity experiment in an atmosphere‐only model traces the disappearance of the warming hole to negative sea surface temperature anomalies and consequent negative precipitation and convective heating anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean associated with the negative phase of the IPO after 2000.
Stratospheric imaging of polar mesospheric clouds: A new window on small‐scale atmospheric dynamics
Authors: Miller A. D. , Fritts D. C. , Chapman D. , Jones G. , Limon M. , Araujo D. , Didier J. , Hillbrand S. , Kjellstrand C. B. , Korotkov A. , Tucker G. , Vinokurov Y. , Wan K. , Wang L. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractInstabilities and turbulence extending to the smallest dynamical scales play important roles in the deposition of energy and momentum by gravity waves throughout the atmosphere. However, these dynamics and their effects have been impossible to quantify to date due to lack of observational guidance. Serendipitous optical images of polar mesospheric clouds at ∼82 km obtained by star cameras aboard a cosmology experiment deployed on a stratospheric balloon provide a new observational tool, revealing instability and turbulence structures extending to spatial scales < 20 m. At 82 km, this resolution provides sensitivity extending to the smallest turbulence scale not strongly influenced by viscosity: the “inner scale” of turbulence, l0∼10(ν3/ϵ)1/4. Such images represent a new window into small‐scale dynamics that occur throughout the atmosphere but are impossible to observe in such detail at any other altitude. We present a sample of images revealing a range of dynamics features and employ numerical simulations that resolve these dynamics to guide our interpretation of several observed events.
Pileup accident hypothesis of magnetic storm on 17 March 2015
Authors: Kataoka Ryuho , Shiota Daikou , Kilpua Emilia , Keika Kunihiro 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe propose a “pileup accident” hypothesis, based on the solar wind data analysis and magnetohydrodynamics modeling, to explain unexpectedly geoeffective solar wind structure which caused the largest magnetic storm so far during the solar cycle 24 on 17 March 2015: First, a fast coronal mass ejection with strong southward magnetic fields both in the sheath and in the ejecta was followed by a high‐speed stream from a nearby coronal hole. This combination resulted in less adiabatic expansion than usual to keep the high speed, strong magnetic field, and high density within the coronal mass ejection. Second, preceding slow and high‐density solar wind was piled up ahead of the coronal mass ejection just before the arrival at the Earth to further enhance its magnetic field and density. Finally, the enhanced solar wind speed, magnetic field, and density worked all together to drive the major magnetic storm.
Dense plasma and Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves at Earth's dayside magnetopause
Authors: Walsh B. M. , Thomas E. G. , Hwang K.‐J. , Baker J. B. H. , Ruohoniemi J. M. , Bonnell J. W. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSpacecraft observations of boundary waves at the dayside terrestrial magnetopause and their ground‐based signatures are presented. Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft measured boundary waves at the magnetopause while ground‐based HF radar measured corresponding signatures in the ionosphere indicating a large‐scale response and tailward propagating waves. The properties of the oscillations are consistent with linear phase Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves along the magnetopause boundary. During this time period multiple THEMIS spacecraft also measured a plasmaspheric plume contacting the local magnetopause and mass loading the boundary. Previous work has demonstrated that increasing the density at the magnetopause can lower the efficiency of reconnection. Extending this further, present observations suggest that a plume can modulate instability processes such as the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability and allow them to form closer to the subsolar point along the magnetopause than without a plume. The current THEMIS observations from 21 September 2010 are consistent with a theory which predicts that increasing the density at the boundary will lower the Kelvin‐Helmholtz threshold and allow waves to form for a lower velocity shear.
Laboratory investigation of antenna signals from dust impacts on spacecraft
Authors: Collette A. , Meyer G. , Malaspina D. , Sternovsky Z. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe describe laboratory experiments which reproduce characteristic signals observed on spacecraft, believed to be caused by dust impact. A simulated spacecraft, including an antenna system using a facsimile of the preamplifier electronics from the STEREO/WAVES instrument, was bombarded by 10 km/s submicron‐sized dust at the University of Colorado Institute for Modeling Plasma, Atmospheres, and Cosmic Dust accelerator facility. Signal variation was investigated as a function of the DC potentials of both the spacecraft and the antennas. We observed (1) signals corresponding to modification of the spacecraft body potential, an important process believed to be responsible for the so‐called “triple hit” antenna signals on STEREO, (2) a few‐eV energy distribution for the electrons and ions released in the impact leading to (3) signals corresponding to direct recollection of a substantial fraction of the impact charge by the spacecraft antennas, even at modest antenna bias potentials. We also observe (4) an unexpected class of fast antenna signals, which do not appear to be caused by charge recollection by either the spacecraft or the antennas and may be induced by charge separation in the expanding plasma cloud. Similar signals are also commonly observed by the STEREO/WAVES instrument but have not previously been analyzed.
Long‐duration X‐ray emissions observed in thunderstorms
Authors: Eack Kenneth B. , Beasley William H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn 1995, a series of four balloon flights with an X‐ray spectrometer and an electric field meter were conducted to examine if strong electric fields could accelerate, and perhaps multiply, cosmic ray secondary electrons and produce bremsstrahlung X‐rays. X‐ray intensities between 10 and 1000 times that of normal background were observed in conjunction with strong electric fields. Both negative and positive polarity electric fields (as referenced to the vertical field) produced X‐rays, which lasted for time scales on the order of tens of seconds. It was also observed that the increased X‐ray intensity would return to near background levels after lightning reduced the local electric field. The observations indicate that X‐rays observed above background are most likely produced by a runaway electron process occurring in the strong static electric field present in thunderstorms. The production of runaway electrons can occur over long periods of time without causing an electrical breakdown. This may provide a leakage current that limits the large scale electric field to values near the runaway threshold, especially in regions where the thunderstorm charging rate is low.
On the field‐to‐current conversion factors for large bipolar lightning discharge events in winter thunderstorms in Japan
Authors: Chen Long , Zhang Qilin , Hou Wenhao , Tao Yulang 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper we have simulated the far‐field waveform characteristic of large bipolar events (LBEs) occurred in winter thunderstorms in Japan and compared the field‐to‐current conversion factors (FCCFs) of LBEs with that of the lightning cloud‐to‐ground (CG) return stroke (RS) in summer thunderstorm. As for the physical process of LBEs, Wu et al. (2014) considered that LBEs may be very similar to the typical lightning RS (RS‐like process) or caused by an initial continuous current pulse (ICC‐like process) in upward lightning flashes. We assume that the lightning channel length of LBEs ranges from 500 m to 1000 m, and the height of tall object struck by LBEs is from 100 m to 300 m. By using the bouncing wave model, we found that only when the injected current waveform of LBEs is characterized with a symmetric Gaussian pulse, the simulated far‐field waveform of LBEs both for RS‐like process and ICC‐like process is similar to that observed by Wu et al. (2014). For striking tall objects with heights from 100 m and 300 m, the FCCFs of LBEs are positively correlated with its channel length and derivatives of injected current waveform, and the FCCF for RS‐like process is about similar to that for ICC‐like process. However, the FCCFs of LBEs are very different from lightning RS in summer thunderstorm; that is to say, the FCCFs developed for the well‐known lightning RS in summer thunderstorm are not suitable for LBEs.
Co‐electrospun nanofibers of PVA‐SbQ and Zein for wound healing
Authors: Cui Jing , Qiu Liying , Qiu Yuyu , Wang Qingqing , Wei Qufu 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, electrospun biocompatible nanofibers with random orientation were prepared by physically blending poly(vinyl alcohol)‐stilbazol quaternized (PVA‐SbQ) with zein in acetic acid solution for wound healing. PVA‐SbQ was used as the foundation polymer as well as crosslinking agent, blended with zein to achieve desirable properties such as improved tensile strength, surface wettability, and in vitro degradable properties. Moreover, vaccarin drug was incorporated in situ into electrospun nanofibrous membranes for cell viability and cell attachment. The addition of vaccarin showed great effects on the morphology of nanofiber and enhanced cell viability and proliferation in comparison with composite nanofibers without drug. The presence of PVA‐SbQ, zein, and vaccarin drug in the nanofibrous membranes exhibited good compatibility, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility and created a moist environment to have potential application for wound healing. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42565.
A multi‐objective subway timetable optimization approach with minimum passenger time and energy consumption
Authors: Xu Xiaoming , Li Keping , Li Xiang 
Published: June 2015

SummaryConsidering the service quality and energy efficiency, this paper develops a multi‐objective timetable optimization approach for subway system. First, we analyze the variation on the passenger flow at stations, and propose the concept of passenger waiting time. Second, we develop a speed‐profile‐generation approach to search for the energy‐efficient speed profile under the condition of a given section trip time. Then we formulate a multi‐objective timetable optimization model to minimize the passenger time and energy consumption by controlling section trip time and station dwell time, in which passenger time includes both waiting time and traveling time. We respectively employ the ideal‐point compromise approach, linearly weighted compromise approach and fuzzy linear programming approach to find the suboptimal solution, via performing a genetic algorithm. With the operation data from Beijing Yizhuang and 4‐Daxing subway lines of China, we conduct extensive case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of our model. The results show that the passenger waiting time and energy consumption can be reduced during both peak and off‐peak hours. The proposed model and algorithm can be developed to a decision support system for dispatchers to schedule trains in the real world. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Altered resting perfusion and functional connectivity of default mode network in youth with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Jann Kay , Hernandez Leanna M. , Beck‐Pancer Devora , McCarron Rosemary , Smith Robert X. , Dapretto Mirella , Wang Danny J. J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundNeuroimaging studies can shed light on the neurobiological underpinnings of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Studies of the resting brain have shown both altered baseline metabolism from PET/SPECT and altered functional connectivity (FC) of intrinsic brain networks based on resting‐state fMRI. To date, however, no study has investigated these two physiological parameters of resting brain function jointly, or explored the relationship between these measures and ASD symptom severity.MethodsHere, we used pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling with 3D background‐suppressed GRASE to assess resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and FC in 17 youth with ASD and 22 matched typically developing (TD) children.ResultsA pattern of altered resting perfusion was found in ASD versus TD children including frontotemporal hyperperfusion and hypoperfusion in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. We found increased local FC in the anterior module of the default mode network (DMN) accompanied by decreased CBF in the same area. In our cohort, both alterations were associated with greater social impairments as assessed with the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS‐total T scores). While FC was correlated with CBF in TD children, this association between FC and baseline perfusion was disrupted in children with ASD. Furthermore, there was reduced long‐range FC between anterior and posterior modules of the DMN in children with ASD.ConclusionTaken together, the findings of this study – the first to jointly assess resting CBF and FC in ASD – highlight new avenues for identifying novel imaging markers of ASD symptomatology.
Continuously Conducted Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexene in a Four‐Phase System
Authors: Spod Hendrik , Lucas Martin , Claus Peter 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCurrently, the production of nylon 6 and nylon 6.6 is based on the complete hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane over nickel or platinum catalysts and its subsequent oxidation at very low conversions to a mixture of cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone. This mixture is further reacted to ϵ‐caprolactam or adipic acid. Alternatively, the reaction can be carried out by selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene and subsequent hydration with acidic catalysts to cyclohexanol. A laboratory method for the selective hydrogenation of benzene in a continuous stirred‐tank reactor (CSTR) using a gas/liquid/liquid/solid system is presented.
Blind separation of fluorescence spectra using sparse non‐negative matrix factorization on right hand factor
Authors: Yang Ruifang , Zhao Nanjing , Xiao Xue , Yu Shaohui , Liu Jianguo , Liu Wenqing 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSparse non‐negative matrix factorization on right side factor (SNMF/R) has better performance in feature extraction than non‐negative matrix factorization. In this work, SNMF/R was first used to separate the overlapped three‐dimensional fluorescence spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons mixtures in pure water, lake water, and river water, respectively. It is found that the similarity coefficients between the acquired three‐dimensional spectra and the corresponding reference spectra with random initials are all above 0.80; the recognition rate of SNMF/R is higher than that of PARAFAC and non‐negative matrix factorization algorithms, especially in the case of lake water and river water samples. In addition, SNMF/R does not need any initialization scheme designing during spectra separation. These results demonstrate that SNMF/R is an appropriate algorithm to separate the overlapped fluorescence spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic environment accurately and effectively. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.