bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KADAR NATRIUM (Na) PENDERITA DM TIPE II DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TELAGA DEWA TAHUN 2024
Authors: Zakiya Assyfa Araiza , Irawan Putra Adi , Sahidan Sahidan 
Published: August 2024

Permasalahan : Diabetes melitus adalah gangguan metabolisme yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. Diabetes melitus tipe II ditandai dengan defisiensi insulin relatif karena disfungsi sel beta pankreas dan resistensi insulin pada organ target, disebabkan karena kelainan dalam sekresi insulin, aksi insulin, atau tidak normal pada keduanya. hiperglikemia dapat menyerap air sebanyak mungkin sehingga Menyebabkan meningkatnya kehilangan natrium melalui urin, yang disebut diuresis osmotik. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar natrium (Na) berdasarkan karakteristik, usia dan jenis kelamin pada penderita DM Tipe II di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Telaga Dewa tahun 2024. Metode : Jenis penelitian yang digunakan metode deskriptif teknik accidental sampling dengan sampel darah penderita diabetes melitus sebanyak 30 sampel. Hasil : penelitian diperoleh dari kadar Na pada penderita DM Tipe II hampir seluruh 93,3% responden memiliki kadar Na normal, dan kadar Na rendah yaitu 6,7%. Kesimpulan : Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi penurunan kadar elektrolit Na terhadap penderita DM Tipe II di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Telaga Dewa serta diharapkan agar dapat memperhatikan kesehatan salah satunya memperbaiki gaya hidup dan memperhatikan asupan makanan
PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PADAT PADA LOKASI EKSISTING KAFE EKOLOGI
Authors: Alfonzo Siga Riwu Arsenius , Abdul Madjid Adryan , Manggala Guritmo Surya 
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas pengelolaan sampah padat di Kafe Ekologi di Yogyakarta dengan tujuan menganalisis sistem penanganan sampah, mengidentifikasi tantangan, dan merumuskan strategi optimalisasi pengelolaan sampah. Metode penelitian melibatkan wawancara dengan owner, staf, karyawan, dan pengunjung kafe, serta observasi langsung di lokasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan sistem pengelolaan sampah, terutama dalam pemisahan sampah organik dan anorganik. Tantangan utama meliputi kurangnya fasilitas pemilahan sampah, minimnya edukasi staf, dan rendahnya kesadaran pengunjung. Rekomendasi strategi optimalisasi mencakup peningkatan fasilitas, program edukasi komprehensif, kampanye kesadaran melalui poster, dan pengembangan sistem pemantauan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting dan solusi praktis untuk meningkatkan keberlanjutan di lingkungan kafe. Kata kunci: Pengelolaan Sampah, Edukasi Lingkungan, Kampanye Kesadaran, Keberlanjutan Lingkungan.
Long Round-Trip Time Delay Effects on Performance of a Simulated Appendectomy Task
Authors: Kamine Tovy H. , Siu Margaret , Stegemann Scott , Formanek Arthur , Levin Dana 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: No current astronauts have surgical training, and medical capabilities for future missions do not account for it. We sought to determine the effect of communication delays and text-based communication on emergency medicine physician (EMP) performance of a simulated surgical procedure and the ideal training paradigm for remote surgery.
METHODS: In this study, 12 EMPs performed an appendectomy on a virtual reality laparoscopic simulator after tutorial. EMPs were randomized into two groups: one (bedside) group performing with bedside directing from a surgeon and the second (remote) group performing with text-based communications relayed to the surgeon after a 210-s time delay. Both groups performed a second simulated surgery 7 mo later with 240-s delay. Collected data included time to completion, number of movements, path length, economy of motion, percentage of time with appropriate camera positioning, texts sent, and major complications.
RESULTS: The remote group took significantly longer to complete the task, used more total movements, had longer path length, and had significantly worse economy of motion during the initial trial. At the 7-mo simulation, there were no significant differences between the two groups. There was a nonsignificant increase in critical errors in the remote group at follow-up (50% vs. 20% of trials).
DISCUSSION: EMPs are technically able to perform a surgical operation with delayed just-in-time telementoring guidance via text-based communication. However, the ideal paradigm for training non-surgeons to perform surgical operations is unclear but is likely real-time bedside training rather than remote training.
Kamine TH, Siu M, Stegemann S, Formanek A, Levin D. Long round-trip time delay effects on performance of a simulated appendectomy task. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(9):703–708.
Pilots’ Reactions to Different Types of Alerts When Using Head-Up Displays
Authors: Zheng Yiyuan , Lu Yanyu , Jie Yuwen , Fu Shan 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: The benefits of using head-up displays (HUDs) include reducing head-down time during critical flight phases, enhancing awareness of the external environment, and improving in-flight crew performance. However, the monochromatic nature of HUDs, increased head rotation, and longer gaze movement paths might affect pilots’ reactions to different types of alerts.
METHODS: Pilot workload and behavior differences were examined between HUD and head-down display (HDD) configurations in three alert scenarios. The study was carried out in an A320 flight simulator and 12 pilots participated.
RESULTS: Except for one engine-on-fire scenario, pilot workload when using a HUD was significantly lower than using an HDD. In one engine-on-fire (3.98 s vs. 3.57 s) and one gear-disagree (5.42 s vs. 4.69 s) scenario, pilot response time to alerts using HUD was significantly longer than using an HDD. The angle deviations were significantly smaller when using HUDs in both go-around-under-crosswind (2.67° vs. 3.37°) and one engine-on-fire scenario (1.22° vs. 1.89°).
DISCUSSION: The HUD is suitable for a lengthy process of manual flight control inputs, which not only reduces workload but also promotes control accuracy. For tasks that rely on automation, the benefits for workload become less obvious. In addition, head rotation and reorientation of attention adversely affected the response time to non-time-critical warnings and cautions. For instantaneous control with high precision requirements, HUDs did not demonstrate a significant advantage.
Zheng Y, Lu Y, Jie Y, Fu S. Pilots’ reactions to different types of alerts when using head-up displays. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(9):688–694.
International overview of sea turtle fibropapillomatosis: a survey of expert opinions and trends
Authors: Whilde Jenny , Mashkour Narges , Koda Samantha A. , Eastman Catherine B. , Thompson Drew , Burkhalter Brooke , Frandsen Hilary R. , Page Annie , Blackburn Nicholas B. , Jones Karina , Ariel Ellen , Dupont Sophie M. , Wood Lawrence , Duffy David J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionMarine environments offer a wealth of opportunities to improve understanding and treatment options for cancers, through insights into a range of fields from drug discovery to mechanistic insights. By applying One Health principles the knowledge obtained can benefit both human and animal populations, including marine species suffering from cancer. One such species is green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas), which are under threat from fibropapillomatosis (FP), an epizootic tumor disease (animal epidemic) that continues to spread and increase in prevalence globally. In order to effectively address this epizootic, a more thorough understanding is required of the prevalence of the disease and the approaches to treating afflicted turtles.MethodsTo identify knowledge gaps and assess future needs, we conducted a survey of sea turtle FP experts. The survey consisted of 47 questions designed to assess general perceptions of FP, the areas where more information is needed, local FP trends, the disease status, and mitigation needs, and was voluntarily completed by 44 experts across a broad geographic range.ResultsOver 70% of respondents both recognized FP as a cancerous panzootic disease, and reported that FP is increasing in prevalence. They report several factors contributing to this increase. Nearly all of the respondents reported that FP research, patient treatment and rehabilitation required more funding in their area, and reported inadequate facilities and capacity for dealing with FP patients. Treatment approaches varied: just over 70% of the medical experts that responded surgically remove FP tumors, either using laser or scalpel. Just under half of respondents use anti-cancer drugs in their treatment of FP. Internal tumors were reported as justification for euthanasia by 61.5% of respondents, and 30.8% reported severe external tumors to be sufficient grounds for euthanasia. Most medical respondents (93.3%) routinely perform necropsy on deceased or euthanized FP-afflicted turtles. Over 80% of respondents considered large-scale multidisciplinary collaboration ‘extremely important’ for advancing the field of FP research.DiscussionThe survey responses provide a valuable insight into the current status of FP in sea turtles, FP treatment, rehabilitation and research, and help to identify critical FP-related areas most in need of attention.
Ultra-short laser processing of 3D bioceramic, porous scaffolds designed by freeze foaming method for orthopedic applications
Authors: Daskalova Albena , Ahlhelm Matthias , Angelova Liliya , Filipov Emil , Avdeev Georgi , Tatchev Dragomir , Fernandes Maria-Helena , Vig Sanjana , Buchvarov Ivan 
Published: August 2024

Bone substitutes are widely employed for applications in orthopedic surgery for the replacement of injured bone. Among the diverse methods that are used to design 3D bioceramic matrices, Freeze Foaming has gained attention, since it provides the ability to tune the shape of the created structures. One of the major problems related to these constructs is the lack of porosity at the outwards sides (holder) of the scaffold, thus reducing the cellular affinity and creating a rejection of the implant. In this research, we aimed to develop a bone scaffold with enhanced surface properties and improved cellular affinity. The main aim was to alter the biocompatibility characteristics of the 3D bioceramic constructs. We have produced three-dimensional, complex-shaped hollow shell structures, manufactured by Additive Manufacturing processes and as a second step, filled with a ceramic suspension by the Freeze-Foaming process. 3D constructs from HAP-derived TCP and TCP/ZrO2 were synthesized by freeze-foaming method and subsequently irradiated with a fs-laser (λ = 800 nm) spanning a range of parameters for achievement of optimal surface processing conditions. The designed scaffolds demonstrated enhanced topographical properties with improved porosity examined by SEM, EDX, and 3D profilometry after laser treatment. Wettability and computer tomography (CT) evaluation was also performed. The results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-Raman analysis did not show photochemical and surface or volume defects and changes after laser processing of the ceramic samples. Preliminary results from MG-63 osteoblast-like cell tests showed good cell affinity on the processed surfaces and no cytotoxic effect on the cells.
Development and validation of a novel high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the detection of related substances of pralsetinib, a new anti-lung cancer drug
Authors: Zhu Yonghong , Qin Jisu , Wu Wenyi , Cai Liangliang 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPralsetinib, a targeted inhibitor of the RET enzyme, plays a critical role in the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) characterized by RET gene fusion mutations following platinum-based chemotherapy. Nevertheless, impurities resulting from the manufacturing and degradation of pralsetinib have the potential to impact its therapeutic effectiveness and safety profile.MethodsTo address this issue, a liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the specific identification of pralsetinib and its related impurities. The separation of pralsetinib and its related impurities was achieved via a Waters X Bridge C18 column with dimensions of 4.6 mm × 250 mm and a particle size of 5 μm. Mobile phase A was composed of 20 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and acetonitrile (ACN) at a volume ratio of 19:1, while mobile phase B consisted solely of ACN, utilizing a gradient elution technique. Detection was performed at a wavelength of 260 nm, with an injection volume of 10 μL and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.ResultsThe chromatographic method established in this study was validated according to the ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The method demonstrated excellent linearity over a specific concentration range (imp-A: 0.035–10.21 μg/mL; imp-B: 0.09–10.16 μg/mL; imp-C: 0.15–10.19 μg/mL; pralsetinib: 0.04–10.32 μg/mL). Additionally, the method possesses high sensitivity, with detection limits for impurities A, B, C, and pralsetinib of 0.01, 0.03, 0.015, and 0.013 μg/mL, respectively, and quantification limits of 0.035, 0.09, 0.05, and 0.04 μg/mL, respectively. In terms of specificity, stability, repeatability, accuracy, and robustness, the method met the validation acceptance criteria. Overall, the chromatographic technique established in this study can effectively separate pralsetinib and its impurities, providing reliable assurance for the accurate detection and quantification of impurities.ConclusionThe chromatographic method developed in this study can be utilized for the detection of pralsetinib and its impurities, offering a crucial reference for research on the quality of pralsetinib.
Influence factors of ecological environment in Wanjiang River Basin based on RSEI and CASA models
Authors: Wang Han , Zhang Yu , Jia Yong , Zhang Qianfeng , Yuan Jing , Yuan Qiuyan 
Published: August 2024

In this paper, the original RSEI model (including greenness index, humidity index, heat index and dryness index) and their contribution rate (%) are used to evaluate the change of ecological environment. To study how natural and anthropogenic changes in ecological environment affect ecosystem function and how these factors interact, CASA model was used to estimate the correlation between the net primary productivity of vegetation (NPP), population density and land use. This could reveal the influence factors of ecological environment change in the Wanjiang River Basin from 2000 to 2022. The results show that the combing RSEI and CASA models can effectively show the spatial-temporal variation and spatial distribution of NPP of vegetation in Wanjiang Basin. During this period, RSEI of the basin showed an overall upward trend, and the RSEI increased by about 0.1/10 a. The vegetation productivity in most areas was gradually improved, the ecological environment was restored, and the ecological environment quality was gradually improved. The average annual NPP simulated by CASA was 266.81 g C·m-2·a-1. The variation trend of NPP in vegetation showed a slight decrease, but the overall NPP level was basically unchanged. There is a significant correlation between NPP and population density, a negative correlation between NPP and population density areas such as city centers, and a positive correlation between NPP and population density in areas with frequent agricultural activities. From 2010 to 2020, there is a significant positive correlation between population density and land use.
Case report: Clinical, genetic and immunological characterization of a novel XK variant in a patient with McLeod syndrome
Authors: Dambietz Christine Anna , Doescher Andrea , Heming Michael , Schirmacher Anja , Schlüter Bernhard , Schulte-Mecklenbeck Andrea , Thomas Christian , Wiendl Heinz , Meyer zu Hörste Gerd , Wiethoff Sarah 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Pathogenic variants in the XK gene are associated with dysfunction or loss of XK protein leading to McLeod syndrome (MLS), a rare X-linked neuroacanthocytosis syndrome with multisystemic manifestation. Here we present clinical, genetic and immunological data on a patient originally admitted to our clinic for presumed post-COVID-19 syndrome, where thorough clinical work-up revealed a novel frameshift deletion in XK causal for the underlying phenotype. We additionally review the clinicogenetic spectrum of reported McLeod cases in the literature.Methods: We performed in-depth clinical characterization and flow cytometry of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a patient where multi-gene panel sequencing identified a novel hemizygous frameshift deletion in XK. Additionally, Kell (K) and Cellano (k) antigen expression was analysed by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting (FACS). KEL gene expression was examined by RNA sequencing.Results: A novel hemizygous frameshift deletion in the XK gene resulting in premature termination of the amino acid chain was identified in a 46-year old male presenting with decrease in physical performance and persisting fatigue after COVID-19 infection. Examinations showed raised creatine kinase (CK) levels, neuropathy and clinical features of myopathy. FACS revealed the K-k+ blood type and reduced Cellano density. CSF flow cytometry showed elevation of activated T Cells.Conclusion: In-depth clinical, genetic, immunological and ribonucleic acid (RNA) expression data revealed axonal neuropathy, myopathy and raised levels of activated CSF-T-lymphocytes in a patient with a previously unpublished frameshift deletion in the XK gene.
Brief research report: WGCNA-driven identification of histone modification genes as potential biomarkers in AQP4-Associated optic neuritis
Authors: Cao Yuan , Yao Wen , Chen Fang 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionNeuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) auto-antibodies. The discovery of antibodies AQP4 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) has expanded our understanding of the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, particularly AQP4-associated optic neuritis (AQP4-ON), remain to be fully elucidated.MethodsIn this study, we utilized Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the transcriptomic profiles of peripheral blood samples from patients with AQP4-ON and MOG-positive optic neuritis (MOG-ON), compared to healthy controls.ResultsWGCNA revealed a brown module (ME brown) strongly associated with AQP4-ON, which correlated positively with post-onset visual acuity decline. A total of 132 critical genes were identified, mainly involved in histone modification and microtubule dynamics. Notably, genes HDAC4, HDAC7, KDM6A, and KDM5C demonstrated high AUC values in ROC analysis, indicating their potential as biomarkers for AQP4-ON.ConclusionOur findings provide novel insights into the molecular signature of AQP4-ON and highlight the potential of systems biology approaches in identifying biomarkers for NMOSD. The identified histone modification genes warrant further investigation for their role in disease pathogenesis and as therapeutic targets.
Soft ankle exoskeleton to counteract dropfoot and excessive inversion
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Liu Yi-Xing , Wang Ruoli , Gutierrez-Farewik Elena M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionWearable exoskeletons are emerging technologies for providing movement assistance and rehabilitation for people with motor disorders. In this study, we focus on the specific gait pathology dropfoot, which is common after a stroke. Dropfoot makes it difficult to achieve foot clearance during swing and heel contact at early stance and often necessitates compensatory movements.MethodsWe developed a soft ankle exoskeleton consisting of actuation and transmission systems to assist two degrees of freedom simultaneously: dorsiflexion and eversion, then performed several proof-of-concept experiments on non-disabled persons. The actuation system consists of two motors worn on a waist belt. The transmission system provides assistive force to the medial and lateral sides of the forefoot via Bowden cables. The coupling design enables variable assistance of dorsiflexion and inversion at the same time, and a force-free controller is proposed to compensate for device resistance. We first evaluated the performance of the exoskeleton in three seated movement tests: assisting dorsiflexion and eversion, controlling plantarflexion, and compensating for device resistance, then during walking tests. In all proof-of-concept experiments, dropfoot tendency was simulated by fastening a weight to the shoe over the lateral forefoot.ResultsIn the first two seated tests, errors between the target and the achieved ankle joint angles in two planes were low; errors of &lt;1.5° were achieved in assisting dorsiflexion and/or controlling plantarflexion and of &lt;1.4° in assisting ankle eversion. The force-free controller in test three significantly compensated for the device resistance during ankle joint plantarflexion. In the gait tests, the exoskeleton was able to normalize ankle joint and foot segment kinematics, specifically foot inclination angle and ankle inversion angle at initial contact and ankle angle and clearance height during swing.DiscussionOur findings support the feasibility of the new ankle exoskeleton design in assisting two degrees of freedom at the ankle simultaneously and show its potential to assist people with dropfoot and excessive inversion.
Promising therapeutic effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) in addressing autism spectrum disorder induced by valproic acid
Authors: Afshari Masoud , Gharibzadeh Shahriar , Pouretemad Hamidreza , Roghani Mehrdad 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects various regions of the brain. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe and non-invasive method utilized for stimulating different brain areas. Our objective is to alleviate ASD symptoms using high-frequency rTMS (HF-rTMS) in a rat model of ASD induced by valproic acid (VPA).MethodsIn this investigation, we applied HF-rTMS for ASD treatment, focusing on the hippocampus. Behavioral assessments encompassed core ASD behaviors, as well as memory and recognition tests, alongside evaluations of anxiety and stress coping strategies. Additionally, we analyzed oxidative stress and a related inflammation marker, as well as other biochemical components. We assessed brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), and synaptophysin (SYN). Finally, we examined dendritic spine density in the CA1 area of the hippocampus.ResultsThe results demonstrated that HF-rTMS successfully mitigated ASD symptoms, reducing oxidative stress and improving various biochemical factors, along with an increase in dendritic spine density.DiscussionCollectively, our data suggests that HF-rTMS may effectively alleviate ASD symptoms. These findings could be valuable in clinical research and contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying ASD.