bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An International, Electronic and Interactive Teaching and Life-Long Learning Platform for Gas Turbine Technology in the 21st Century
Authors: Fransson Torsten H. , Hillion François-Xavier , Klein Eloi 
Published: August 2014

An interactive learning platform which sets a new standard for electronic learning of gas turbine technology in a global life-long learning perspective is presented (Fig. 1). The platform contains a theoretical section in the form of several pages for each chapter available, with a significant number of related interactive simulations, movies, animations, virtual laboratory exercises, virtual study visits and realistic case studies. A significant background information related to historical development in the field, a display of existing components, nomenclature, multi-lingual dictionary and keywords, as well as questions for self-assessment and exams, an electronic communication group and a database of the user’s “successes and failures”, enhance the learning process in a significant way.
The program is intended as a platform for an international collaboration on learning heat and power technology. It can be used both in the classroom as well as for self-studies and is as such well adapted for both university and post-university learning, both on and off campus. Tools to facilitate the introduction of new material exist.
It is thus hoped that teachers at different universities can join forces and in a non-competitive way introduce material which can be shared, instead of developing similar simulations with somewhat different interfaces.
The long-term goal of the learning platform is of course that users world-wide will have the possibility to access the best teaching material available from any specialist, and that this material will contain supplementary pedagogical information which will enhance the learning both at a university and a post-university level.
Experience With DLE Turbines at Offshore Installations
Authors: Carstensen Conrad , Skorping Roald 
Published: August 2014

In this paper experience with some of the first gas turbines equipped with dry low NOx combustors installed in the North Sea is presented. The case history covers LM2500 and LM6000 gas turbines.
The paper outlines further some of the technical challenges for future applications in conformance with recent revisions of power plant air emission guidelines.
VolHOG: A volumetric object recognition approach based on bivariate histograms of oriented gradients for vertebra detection in cervical spine MRI
Authors: Daenzer Stefan , Freitag Stefan , von Sachsen Sandra , Steinke Hanno , Groll Mathias , Meixensberger Jürgen , Leimert Mario 
Published: August 2014

Purpose:The automatic recognition of vertebrae in volumetric images is an important step toward automatic spinal diagnosis and therapy support systems. There are many applications such as the detection of pathologies and segmentation which would benefit from automatic initialization by the detection of vertebrae. One possible application is the initialization of local vertebral segmentation methods, eliminating the need for manual initialization by a human operator. Automating the initialization process would optimize the clinical workflow. However, automatic vertebra recognition in magnetic resonance (MR) images is a challenging task due to noise in images, pathological deformations of the spine, and image contrast variations.Methods:This work presents a fully automatic algorithm for 3D cervical vertebra detection in MR images. We propose a machine learning method for cervical vertebra detection based on new features combined with a linear support vector machine for classification. An algorithm for bivariate gradient orientation histogram generation from three‐dimensional raster image data is introduced which allows us to describe three‐dimensional objects using the authors' proposed bivariate histograms.Results:A detailed performance evaluation on 21 T2‐weighted MR images of the cervical vertebral region is given. A single model for cervical vertebrae C3–C7 is generated and evaluated. The results show that the generic model performs equally well for each of the cervical vertebrae C3–C7. The algorithm's performance is also evaluated on images containing various levels of artificial noise. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves good results despite the presence of severe image noise.Conclusions:The proposed detection method delivers accurate locations of cervical vertebrae in MR images which can be used in diagnosis and therapy. In order to achieve absolute comparability with the results of future work, the authors are following an open data approach by making the image dataset used in their performance evaluation available to the public.
A service-level action research intervention to improve identification and treatment of cannabis and related mental health issues in young Indigenous Australians: a study protocol
Authors: Bohanna India , Bird Katrina , Copeland Jan , Roberts Nicholas , Clough Alan 
Published: August 2014

IntroductionRegular cannabis use is associated with negative mental health impacts including psychosis, depression and anxiety. Rates of cannabis use have increased in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in northern Australia within the last two decades, presenting a significant increased risk to young people's mental health in these regions. Improved screening, early detection and treatment for cannabis-related mental health issues are urgently required. This paper describes a service-level action research intervention and evaluation protocol for use in the few services where it is possible to engage young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.Methods/DesignThe protocol is being developed in two services where youth mental health is core business: a primary healthcare centre and a youth service in the Cairns and hinterland region, far north Queensland. The protocol calls first for baseline data to be collected using staff and client surveys; network mapping; and analysis of screening, treatment and referral rates. The protocol's intervention phase is driven by service needs identified from baseline data. Intervention strategies focus on implementing/enhancing cannabis screening instruments and processes in line with current best practice; enhancing networks with external drug and mental health services; developing culturally acceptable training and resources; developing activities aiming to reduce cannabis use in young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander clients using the services. The protocol requires implementation of the multilevel intervention within each service for 1 year, with follow-up data then collected and compared to baseline. Process evaluation identifies the more effective intervention strategies and documents the challenges to be overcome for full implementation.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was provided by The James Cook University, Human Research Ethics Committee. Ethics Approval Number H5322. Peer-reviewed publications will also be used to disseminate the finding. Results will also be discussed with stakeholder organisations.
Adaptive Speculative Processing of Out-of-Order Event Streams
Authors: Mutschler Christopher , Philippsen Michael 
Published: August 2014

Distributed event-based systems are used to detect meaningful events with low latency in high data-rate event streams that occur in surveillance, sports, finances, etc. However, both known approaches to dealing with the predominant out-of-order event arrival at the distributed detectors have their shortcomings: buffering approaches introduce latencies for event ordering, and stream revision approaches may result in system overloads due to unbounded retraction cascades.
This article presents an adaptive speculative processing technique for out-of-order event streams that enhances typical buffering approaches. In contrast to other stream revision approaches developed so far, our novel technique encapsulates the event detector, uses the buffering technique to delay events but also speculatively processes a portion of it, and adapts the degree of speculation at runtime to fit the available system resources so that detection latency becomes minimal.
Our technique outperforms known approaches on both synthetical data and real sensor data from a realtime locating system (RTLS) with several thousands of out-of-order sensor events per second. Speculative buffering exploits system resources and reduces latency by 40% on average.
The CREB-Binding Protein Inhibitor ICG-001 Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Growth
Authors: Arensman Michael D. , Telesca Donatello , Lay Anna R. , Kershaw Kathleen M. , Wu Nanping , Donahue Timothy R. , Dawson David W. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer due in part to a lack of highly robust cytotoxic or molecular-based therapies. Recent studies investigating ligand-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling have highlighted its importance in pancreatic cancer initiation and progression, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target in PDAC. The small-molecule ICG-001 binds cAMP-responsive element binding (CREB)-binding protein (CBP) to disrupt its interaction with β-catenin and inhibit CBP function as a coactivator of Wnt/β-catenin–mediated transcription. Given its ability to inhibit Wnt/β-catenin–mediated transcription in vitro and in vivo, as well as its efficacy in preclinical models of colorectal cancer and other Wnt-driven diseases, we examined ICG-001 and its potential role as a therapeutic in PDAC. ICG-001 alone significantly inhibited anchorage-dependent and -independent growth of multiple PDAC lines, and augmented in vitro growth inhibition when used in combination with gemcitabine. ICG-001 had only variable modest effects on PDAC apoptosis and instead mediated PDAC growth inhibition primarily through robust induction of G1 cell-cycle arrest. These effects, however, seemed decoupled from its inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin–mediated transcription. DNA microarrays performed on PDAC cells in the context of ICG-001 treatment revealed ICG-001 altered the expression of several genes with well-established roles in DNA replication and cell-cycle progression, including direct actions on SKP2 and CDKN1A. ICG-001 also significantly prolonged survival in an in vivo orthotopic xenograft model of PDAC, indicating ICG-001 or derived compounds that disrupt CBP activity are potentially useful small-molecule therapeutics for pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 13(10); 2303–14. ©2014 AACR.
Characteristic Adverse Events and Their Incidence Among Patients Participating in Acute Ischemic Stroke Trials
Authors: Hesse Kerrick , Fulton Rachael L. , Abdul-Rahim Azmil H. , Lees Kennedy R. , Alexandrov A.V. , Bath P.W. , Bluhmki E. , Claesson L. , Curram J. , Davis S.M. , Donnan G. , Diener H.C. , Fisher M. , Gregson B. , Grotta J. , Hacke W. , Hennerici M.G. , Hommel M. , Kaste M. , Lyden P. , Marler J. , Muir K. , Sacco R. , Shuaib A. , Teal P. , Wahlgren N.G. , Warach S. , Weimar C. 
Published: August 2014

Background and Purpose—
Adverse events (AE) in trial populations present a major burden to researchers and patients, yet most events are unrelated to investigational treatment. We aimed to develop a coherent list of expected AEs, whose incidence can be predicted by patient characteristics that will inform future trials and perhaps general poststroke care.

Methods—

We analyzed raw AE data from patients participating in acute ischemic stroke trials. We identified events that occurred with a lower 99% confidence bound greater than nil. Among these, we applied receiver operating characteristic principles to select the fewest types of events that together represented the greatest number of reports. Using ordinal logistic regression, we modeled the incidence of these events as a function of patient age, sex, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and multimorbidity status, defining
P
<0.05 as statistically significant.

Results—
We analyzed 5775 placebo-treated patients, reporting 21 217 AEs. Among 756 types of AEs, 132 accounted for 82.7%, of which 80% began within 10 days after stroke. Right hemisphere (odds ratio [OR], 1.67), increasing baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (OR, 1.11), multimorbidity status (OR, 1.09 per disease), patient age (OR, 1.01 per year), height (OR, 1.01 per centimeter), diastolic blood pressure (OR, 0.99 per mm Hg), and smoking (OR, 0.82) were independently associated with developing more AEs but together explained only 13% of the variation.

Conclusions—
A list of 132 expected AEs after acute ischemic stroke may be used to simplify interpretation and reporting of complications. AEs can be modestly predicted by patient characteristics, facilitating stratification of patients by risk for poststroke complications.
Die älteste lateinische Übersetzung des Buches Esdras A—eine neue Entdeckung
Authors: Gesche Bonifatia 
Published: August 2014

The Old Latin translation of the Greek Book of Esdras A has come down to us through two major versions. The older version was incorporated into the Vulgate. However, it is obvious that this version, which represents the standard text since the Middle Ages, does not offer an exact representation of the Greek Vorlage and is in many places in the text corrupt.
In the process of editing the Old Latin texts of Esdras A, a text could be identified in a Spanish manuscript. This text is clearly distinct from the standard text and in most places it does not transmit the defective elements in the text that has come down to us. The objective of this paper is to describe the characteristics of this text and to point out the fact that this version of the text is older than that of the Vulgate.
Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of Laminaria japonica and polypropylene over mesoporous Al-SBA-15 catalyst
Authors: Lee Hyung Won , Choi Suek Joo , Park Sung Hoon , Jeon Jong-Ki , Jung Sang-Chul , Kim Sang Chai , Park Young-Kwon 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The catalytic co-pyrolysis of a seaweed biomass, Laminaria japonica, and a typical polymer material, polypropylene, was studied for the first time. A mesoporous material Al-SBA-15 was used as a catalyst. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted using a fixed-bed reactor and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). BET surface area, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and NH3 temperature programmed desorption were measured to examine the catalyst characteristics. When only L. japonica was pyrolyzed, catalytic reforming slightly increased the gas yield and decreased the oil yield. The H2O content in bio-oil was increased by catalytic reforming from 42.03 to 50.32 wt% due to the dehydration reaction occurring on the acid sites inside the large pores of Al-SBA-15. Acids, oxygenates, mono-aromatics, poly aromatic hydrocarbons, and phenolics were the main components of the bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of L. japonica. Upon catalytic reforming over Al-SBA-15, the main oxygenate species 1,4-anhydro-d-galactitol and 1,5-anhydro-d-manitol were completely removed. When L. japonica was co-pyrolyzed with polypropylene, the H2O content in bio-oil was decreased dramatically (8.93 wt% in the case of catalytic co-pyrolysis), contributing to the improvement of the oil quality. A huge increase in the content of gasoline-range and diesel-range hydrocarbons in bio-oil was the most remarkable change that resulted from the co-pyrolysis with polypropylene, suggesting its potential as a transport fuel. The content of mono-aromatics with high economic value was also increased significantly by catalytic co-pyrolysis.
An efficient algebraic codebook search for ACELP speech coder
Authors: Ku Ning-Yun , Yeh Cheng-Yu , Hwang Shaw-Hwa 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In a bid to enhance the search performance, this paper presents an improved version of reduced candidate mechanism (RCM), an algebraic codebook search conducted on an algebraic code-excited linear prediction (ACELP) speech coder. This improvement is made based on two findings in a piece of our prior work. The first finding is that a pulse with a high contribution in the associated track is more likely to serve as an optimal pulse in the optimal codevector and the second is that the speech quality can be well maintained at a search accuracy above 50% approximately. Subsequently, a new finding in this study concerning a structured algebraic codebook in G.729 indicates that there is a 0.8321 probability that the number 1 ranked pulse in a global sorting by pulse contribution is indeed one of the optimal pulses. Hence, the number 1 pulse in the global sorting is labeled as one of the optimal pulses, following which a sequence of search tasks are fulfilled through RCM. This proposed complexity reduction algorithm, implemented on a G.729A speech codec, takes as few as eight searches, a search load tantamount to 2.5% of G.729A, 12.5% of global pulse replacement method (iteration = 2), 16.7% of iteration-free pulse replacement method, and 50% of RCM (N = 2). This proposal is thus found to successfully reduce the required computational complexity to a great extent as intended.
The effect of adenovirus-specific antibodies on adenoviral vector–induced, transgene product–specific T cell responses
Authors: Small Juliana C , Haut Larissa H , Bian Ang , Ertl Hildegund C J 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, we tested the effect of neutralizing Abs to different serotypes of E1-deleted Ad vectors on the immunogenicity of the homologous Ad vector or a vector derived from a heterologous serotype. Our results showed that, as expected, even low titers of passively transferred neutralizing Abs significantly reduced the homologous vectors' ability to elicit transgene-specific CD8+ T cell responses. In addition, Abs changed the fate of transgene product–specific CD8+ T cells by promoting their transition into the central memory cell pool, which resulted in markedly enhanced expansion of transgene product–specific CD8+ T cells after a boost with a heterologous Ad vector. Non-neutralizing Abs specific to a distinct Ad serotype had no effect on the magnitude of transgene product-specific CD8+ T cells induced by a heterologous Ad vector, nor did such Abs promote induction of more resting memory CD8+ T cells. These results show that Abs to an Ad vaccine carrier affect not only the magnitude but also the profile of a vector-induced CD8+ T cell response.
Prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and social responsiveness symptoms of autism: population-based study of young children
Authors: Marroun Hanan El , White Tonya J. H. , van der Knaap Noortje J. F. , Homberg Judith R. , Fernández Guillén , Schoemaker Nikita K. , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Hofman Albert , Verhulst Frank C. , Hudziak James J. , Stricker Bruno H. C. , Tiemeier Henning 
Published: August 2014

BackgroundSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered safe and are frequently used during pregnancy. However, two case–control studies suggested an association between prenatal SSRI exposure with childhood autism.AimsTo prospectively determine whether intra-uterine SSSRI exposure is associated with childhood autistic symptoms in a population-based study.MethodA total of 376 children prenatally exposed to maternal depressive symptoms (no SSRI exposure), 69 children prenatally exposed to SSRIs and 5531 unexposed children were included. Child pervasive developmental and affective problems were assessed by parental report with the Child Behavior Checklist at ages 1.5, 3 and 6. At age 6, we assessed autistic traits using the Social Responsiveness Scale (n= 4264).ResultsPrenatal exposure to maternal depressive symptoms without SSRIs was related to both pervasive developmental (odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, 95% CI 1.07–1.93) and affective problems (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.15–1.81). Compared with unexposed children, those prenatally exposed to SSRIs also were at higher risk for developing pervasive developmental problems (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.13–3.47), but not for affective problems. Children prenatally exposed to SSRIs also had more autistic traits (B= 0.15, 95% CI 0.08–0.22) compared with those exposed to depressive symptoms only.ConclusionsOur results suggest an association between prenatal SSRI exposure and autistic traits in children. Prenatal depressive symptoms without SSRI use were also associated with autistic traits, albeit this was weaker and less specific. Long-term drug safety trials are needed before evidence-based recommendations are possible.
Outcomes of care programme approach, dual diagnosis, carer support and psychological therapy inductions
Authors: Kamau Caroline 
Published: August 2014

Aims and methodFor many trainees, an obstacle into psychiatry is the challenge of an imprecise job design and uncertainty about the psychiatrist's job design across many complex, often ad hoc care situations involving multiple professions and organisations. The UK's National Health Service (NHS) has introduced inductions for trainee psychiatrists geared towards improving that. Are the induction programmes effective? This article presents an analysis of the outcomes (n= 1115) of inductions about the care programme approach, dual diagnosis, carer support, mental health risk assessment, psychological therapy and suicide risk assessment.ResultsUnivariate analyses of variance revealed a consistent interaction of care programme approach, dual diagnosis, carer support and psychological therapy inductions. Psychiatrists who attend all four inductions have the best perceptions about their job design, strongest teamwork approach, and highest motivation.Clinical implicationsThe NHS and hospitals outside the UK should note these results when prioritising inductions for trainee psychiatrists.
Impact of work experience placements on school students' attitude towards mental illness
Authors: Kennedy Vanathi , Belgamwar Ravindra B. 
Published: August 2014

Aims and methodResearch shows that 16- to 19-year-olds express the greatest level of negative attitudes towards people with mental illness. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of work experience placements in influencing secondary-school students' attitudes towards mental illness and career choices. The Adolescent Attitude Towards Mental Illness questionnaire measured and assessed the adolescents' attitude changes. Pre- and post-evaluation questionnaires assessed changes in their career choices.ResultsThere was a statistically significant change in the adolescents' attitudes, especially regarding categorical thinking and perceptions that people with mental illness are violent and out of control. There was also a positive shift in their career choices towards options in the field of mental health.Clinical implicationsWork experience placements can have a positive impact on secondary-school students' attitudes towards mental illness and may improve the level of student recruitment into the field of psychiatry.