bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cephalopods’ Skin‐Inspired Design of Nanoscale Electronic Transport Layers for Adaptive Electrochromic Tuning
Authors: Yu Yilin , Zhu Xinyi , Jiang Shiqi , Wu Shuangshuang , Zhao Yu , Zhang Lingli , Song Liping , Huang Youju 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCephalopods can change their skin color by using high‐speed electron transduction among receptors, neural networks, and pigmentary effectors. However, it remains challenging to realize a neuroelectrical transmission system like that found in cephalopods, where electrons/ions transmit on nanoscale, which is crucial for fast adaptive electrochromic tuning. Inspired by that, hereby an ideal, rapidly responsive, and multicolor electrochromic biomimetic skin is introduced. Specifically, the biomimetic skin comprises W18O49 nanowires (NWs) that are either colorless or blue, Au nanoparticles@polyaniline (Au NPs@PANI) ranging from green to pink, and a flexible conductive substrate. As the applied voltage changes from 0.4 V to ‐0.7 V and back to 0 V, the color of the biomimetic skin transforms from green to blue and ultimately to pink. This color change is attributed to the electrically induced redox reaction of Au NPs@PANI and W18O49 NWs, triggered by the transfer of electrons and ions. Furthermore, the high versatility and adaptability of electrical stimulus enable the creation of a highly interactive electrochromic biomimetic skin system through the integration of sensitive acoustic sensors, providing a perfect environment‐responsive platform. This work provides a biomimetic multicolor electrochromic skin that depends on electron/ion transfer on nanoscale, expands potential uses for camouflage skin.
Exploring Inorganic Flexible Electronics: III‐Nitride Light‐Emitting Diode Epilayers on Wafer‐Scale Exfoliable Mica Substrate
Authors: Lu Tongxin , Liang Zhiwen , Yuan Ye , Liu Shangfeng , Li Jiahui , Zhao Jiale , Cai Tianren , Li Tai , Luo Wei , Wang Tao , Wang Qi , Wang Xinqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMica is a promising substrate for flexible photonic applications because it can be fabricated using wafer‐scale multiple exfoliations. However, the large lattice mismatch between mica and III‐nitrides hinders their application in III‐nitride semiconductor devices. In this study, two types of light‐emitting diode (LED) epilayers, blue and green, are epitaxially fabricated on 2‐inch exfoliated mica substrates using sputtered AlN as a buffer layer to address the lattice mismatch. The LED epilayers on mica substrate exhibit excellent single‐crystalline quality with a low threading dislocation density of 2.07 × 109 cm−2 in the GaN region and smooth surface morphology with a root mean square (RMS) roughness of 0.58 nm in a 5 × 5 µm2 scanned area, demonstrating that mica is an excellent platform for III‐nitride semiconductors. Moreover, the structures are reproduced stably on multiple exfoliated mica at the wafer scale, which verified the reusability and reproducibility of III‐nitride/mica in terms of crystallinity, surface morphology, and transparency. Strong electroluminescence of the LED epilayers confirmed the potential of mica in electrically driven flexible opto‐electronics. Therefore, this results demonstrated the potential of mica substrates in III‐nitride semiconductors and provide a novel pathway for revolutionizing the fabrication of III‐nitride‐based flexible devices.
A Spin–Orbit Torque Knob to Tailor Stochasticity for Physically Secured Applications
Authors: Chang Hao‐Kai , Yang Meng‐Chi , Wang Ssu‐Yuan , Lai Chih‐Huang , Yang Chao‐Yao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe deterministic switching of spin–orbit torque (SOT) memory has long been the primary challenge for implementation. Conversely, stochastic switching has recently sparked significant interest for physically secured applications. This study investigates the effects of an external field (Hx) applied to break the SOT symmetry for deterministic switching in a Pt/Co bilayer with perpendicular anisotropy. This external field serves as a tuning mechanism to adjust the stochasticity at the intermediate state during SOT switching. It is observed that moderate Hx could lead to a substantial variation in electrical output during the repeating write/read operations. In contrast, a large Hx enables precise control over the intermediate states of the Pt/Co bilayer, effectively functioning as a memristor. The stochasticity derives from small Hx resulting from the dynamics of dendritic domain wall propagation during SOT switching. Herein, the oblique domain spiking from the initially reversed domain is notably influenced by the transverse component of SOT. Increasing Hx suppresses this oblique dendritic domain growth, allowing for controllable domain propagation and reducing stochasticity. By utilizing Hx as an external knob to tailor the stochasticity at the intermediate state, the high stochastic state can be employed as an ideal entropy source for an SOT‐based random number generator.
Crystalline 1D Linear Conjugated Polymers with a Quinoidal Unit As Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Fan Renzhen , Wang Cheng , Zhang Xiaofei , Zhang Xuwen , Dong Weijia , Xu Yiyang , Xu Chenhui , Chi Chunyan , Zhu Jun , Deng Yunfeng , Geng Yanhou 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCrystalline and soluble 1D linear conjugated polymers (LCPs) have garnered considerable interest as cost‐effective and efficient metal‐free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their high exposure of catalytic sites and ease of processing. However, difficulties remain in achieving excellent ORR performance for 1D LCPs by conventional molecular design. Herein, it is demonstrated the utilization of quinoidal units as a promising strategy to develop 1D LCPs for ORR. The incorporation of quinoidal unit not only results in polymers with strong inter‐ and intra‐molecular interactions and low‐lying LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy levels, but also provides polymers with good crystallinity and commendable charge carrier mobilities. The electronic properties of these polymers are fine‐tuned through the introduction of additional heteroatoms and/or substituents in the monomers and comonomers to understand and optimize their ORR catalytic activity. Evaluation of their catalytic performances reveals a remarkable half‐wave potential and limiting current density of up to 0.74 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrod) and 7.50 mA cm−2, respectively. Notably, these performances are achieved without the addition of carbon nanomaterials as support. This study offers a new insight into the design of highly efficient metal‐free organic electrocatalysts.
Air pollution amyloidogenesis is attenuated by the gamma‐secretase modulator GSM‐15606
Authors: Godoy‐Lugo Jose A. , Thorwald Max A. , Cacciottolo Mafalda , D'Agostino Carla , Chakhoyan Ararat , Sioutas Constantinos , Tanzi Rudolph E. , Rynearson Kevin D. , Finch Caleb E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONChronic air pollution (AirPoll) is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Correspondingly, wild‐type and AD‐transgenic rodents exposed to AirPoll have increased amyloid peptides and behavioral impairments.METHODSWe examined the γ‐secretase modulator GSM‐15606 for potential AirPoll protection by its attenuating of amyloid beta (Aβ)42 peptide production. Male and female wild‐type mice were fed GSM‐15606 during an 8‐week inhalation exposure to AirPoll subfractions, ambient nanoparticulate matter (nPM), and diesel exhaust particles (DEP).RESULTSGSM‐15606 decreased Aβ42 during nPM and DEP exposure without changing beta‐ or gamma‐secretase activity or BACE1 and PS1 protein levels. DEP increased lateral ventricle volume by 25%.DISCUSSIONThese enzyme responses are relevant to AD drug treatments, as well as to the physiological functions of the Aβ42 peptide. GSM‐15606 attenuation of Aβ42 may benefit human exposure to AirPoll.Highlights
Gamma‐secretase modulator (GSM‐15606) attenuates the amyloidogenic amyloid beta (Aβ)42 peptide during exposure to air pollution, which may be a mechanism by which air pollution increases Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk.
AD drug treatments may also consider Aβ homeostasis among the chronic effects of GSM‐15606 and other amyloid reduction treatments on secretase enzymes.
Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glycerol to Formate Coupled with Nitrate Reduction over Cu‐Doped NiCo Alloy Supported on Nickel Foam
Authors: Li Chenyang , Li Hao , Zhang Bo , Li Huan , Wang Yi , Wang Xiao , Das Pratteek , Li Yuejiao , Wu Xianhong , Li Yifan , Cui Yi , Xiao Jianping , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectrooxidation of biomass‐derived glycerol which is regarded as a main byproduct of industrial biodiesel production, is an innovative strategy to produce value‐added chemicals, but currently showcases slow kinetics, limited Faraday efficiency, and unclear catalytic mechanism. Herein, we report high‐efficiency electrooxidation of glycerol into formate via a Cu doped NiCo alloy catalyst supported on nickel foam (Cu−NiCo/NF) in a coupled system paired with nitrate reduction. The designed Cu−NiCo/NF delivers only 1.23 V vs. RHE at 10 mA cm−2, and a record Faraday efficiency of formate of 93.8 %. The superior performance is ascribed to the rapid generation of NiIII−OOH and CoIII−OOH species and favorable coupling of surface *O with reactive intermediates. Using Cu−NiCo/NF as a bifunctional catalyst, the coupled system synchronously produces NH3 and formate, showing 290 mV lower than the coupling of hydrogen evolution reaction, together with excellent long‐term stability for up to 144 h. This work lays out new guidelines and reliable strategies from catalyst design to system coupling for biomass‐derived electrochemical refinery.
Integration of Plasmonic Ag(I) Clusters and Fe(II) Porphyrinates into Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Coupling with Photosynthesis of Pure H2O2
Authors: Chen Hui‐Ying , Huang Jia‐Run , Liu Jia‐Chuan , Huang Ning‐Yu , Chen Xiao‐Ming , Liao Pei‐Qin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEfficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction coupled with the photosynthesis of pure H2O2 is a challenging and significant task. Herein, using classical CO2 photoreduction site iron porphyrinate as the linker, Ag(I) clusters were spatially separated and evenly distributed within a new metal–organic framework (MOF), namely Ag27TPyP‐Fe. With water as electron donors, Ag27TPyP‐Fe exhibited remarkable performances in artificial photosynthetic overall reaction with CO yield of 36.5 μmol g−1 h−1 and ca. 100 % selectivity, as well as H2O2 evolution rate of 35.9 μmol g−1 h−1. Since H2O2 in the liquid phase can be more readily separated from the gaseous products of CO2 photoreduction, high‐purity H2O2 with a concentration up to 0.1 mM was obtained. Confirmed by theoretical calculations and the established energy level diagram, the reductive iron(II) porphyrinates and oxidative Ag(I) clusters within an integrated framework functioned synergistically to achieve artificial photosynthesis. Furthermore, photoluminescence spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical measurements revealed that the robust connection of Ag(I) clusters and iron porphyrinate ligands facilitated efficient charge separation and rapid electron transfer, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic activity.
Photoinduced Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylic C(sp3)−H Oxidation of Acyclic 1‐Aryl‐2‐alkyl Alkenes as Limiting Substrates
Authors: Chen Xuemeng , Li Heng‐Hui , Kramer Søren 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, we disclose a simple copper‐catalyzed method for enantioselective allylic C(sp3)−H oxidation of unsymmetrical acyclic alkenes, specifically 1‐aryl‐2‐alkyl alkenes. The C−H substrates are used in limiting amounts, and the products are obtained with high enantioselectivity, E/Z‐selectivity, and regioselectivity. The method exhibits broad functional group tolerance, and E/Z‐alkene mixtures are suitable C−H substrates. The transformation is enabled by light irradiation, which sustains the enantioselective copper catalysis by photoinduced oxidant homolysis.
Continuous glass fiber‐reinforced polycaprolactone composite produced in a conventional fused filament fabrication equipment: Process modeling and parameters adjustment
Authors: Augusto Thiago A. , Crovace Murilo C. , Costa Lidiane C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolymer composites with continuous fibers are expected to exhibit good mechanical performance due to orientation and high aspect ratio of fillers. Fused filament fabrication (FFF) provides an affordable method for processing these materials as products with tunable architecture. By incorporating continuous bioactive fibers coated with biodegradable polymer, the degradation rate of printed scaffolds may vary over time. As proof of concept, macroporous composites were 3D printed using continuous glass fiber‐reinforced polycaprolactone filament. Parametrization and challenges associated with printing on non‐dedicated equipment are discussed. A model describing the melt flow was employed to evaluate the velocity and shear rate profiles. Although the maximum velocity is approximately 18 mm s−1 for both neat and reinforced polymer, the obstruction caused by fibers results in higher shear rate, up to 481 s−1, higher pressure gradient, 1.95 MPa mm−1, and higher velocity gradient, conditions that limit print quality. Additionally, it was also possible to determine the shear stress experienced by the fiber bundle, 300 KPa, and the influence of different processing conditions. This investigation advances the development and understanding of manufacturing of continuous fiber‐reinforced polymers via FFF.
Effect of ionic liquids on the polymerization behavior of acrylamide‐based copolymers
Authors: Li Chaoyang , Wu Chunyuan , Jiang Zhuyang , Su Gaoshen , Yang Huan , Yu Xiaorong , Wang JiXing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo explore the influence of reaction medium on the copolymerization behavior of acrylamide‐based copolymers, three types of copolymers (P(AM‐St)(ILs), P(AM‐MMA)(ILs), and P(AM‐AMPS)(ILs)) were synthesized by combining insoluble, slightly soluble, and easily soluble monomers with acrylamide in the 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BF4) reaction medium. The reactivity ratio, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy were employed to characterize the copolymers' properties. The results indicated that in [BMIM]BF4 copolymerization, the reactivity ratio of AM and St in P(AM‐St)(ILs) decreased, the reactivity ratio of AM in P(AM‐MMA)(ILs) will increase. While the reactivity ratio of MMA will decrease. The reactivity ratio of AM in P(AM‐AMPS)(ILs) will increase and the reactivity ratio of AMPS will decrease. The distribution of AM and St segments in P(AM‐St)(ILs) molecular chains is more uniform and compact. When AM polymerizes with hydrophobic monomers (St) in [BMIM]BF4, its copolymer solution exhibits lower viscosity loss rates in temperature, shear, and salt resistance tests. Therefore, ionic liquids are more suitable as reaction media for the synthesis of hydrophobic‐modified polyacrylamides, which facilitate a more uniform distribution of hydrophobic monomers within the copolymer chains and exhibit enhanced resistance to temperature, salt, and shear stresses.
Early Neanderthal mandibular remains from Baume Moula‐Guercy (Soyons, Ardèche)
Authors: Richards Gary D. , Jabbour Rebecca S. , Guipert Gaspard , Defleur Alban 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe provide an ontogenetically‐based comparative description of mandibular remains from Last Interglacial deposits (MIS 5e) at Baume Moula‐Guercy and examine their affinities to European and Middle Eastern Middle‐to‐Late Pleistocene (≈MIS 14—MIS 1) Homo. Description of the M‐G2‐419 right partial mandibular corpus with M1‐3 (15–16.0 years ±0.5 years) and mandibular fragments M‐F4‐77 and M‐S‐TNN1 is with reference to original fossils, casts, CT scans, literature descriptions, and virtual reconstructions. Our comparative sample is ontogenetically based and divided into a Preneanderthal—Neanderthal group and a Homo sapiens group. These groups are subdivided into (1) Preneanderthals (≈MIS 14‐9), Early Neanderthals (MIS 7‐5e), and Late Neanderthals (MIS 5d‐3), and (2) Middle (MIS 5) and Upper (MIS 3‐Pre‐MIS 1) Paleolithic and recent H. sapiens. Standard techniques were employed for developmental age and sex determinations and measurements. The M‐G2‐419 mandible possesses corpus features that link it most closely with the Sima de los Huesos Preneanderthal and Early Neanderthal groups. These include mental foramen position, number, and height on the corpus, anterior marginal tubercle position, and mylohyoid line orientation. Metrically, the M‐G2‐419 mandibular corpus is small relative to adults in all groups, but the thickness/height relationship is like the adult condition. The thickness of the corpus is more like Neanderthal children than adolescents. Molar crown features suggest affinities with the Preneanderthal—Neanderthal group. The Moula‐Guercy mandibles possess a combination of Neanderthal‐associated features that provides insights into MIS 7‐5e paleodeme variation and the timing of appearance of MIS 5d‐3 Neanderthal facial features.
Synthesis of MeBICAAC Supported Si(III) Radicals and a Silylone via Reduction Route From MeBICAAC‐Si(IV) Precursors
Authors: Kumar Thakur Sandeep , De Sriman , Adhikari Manu , Manar Krishna K. , Koley Debasis , Singh Sanjay 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPast one decade has witnessed a tremendous growth in the field of carbene stabilized low‐valent silicon compounds unravelling very exciting properties of these molecules. Herein, we have employed a bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene, (MeBICAAC) to explore the low‐valent chemistry of silicon. The reduction of bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene‐SiCl4 complex, [(MeBICAAC)SiCl4] (1) with KC8 afforded low‐valent Si complexes, including Si(III) radical [(MeBICAAC)SiCl3] (2) and a complex with silicon center in a formal zero‐valent state, [(MeBICAAC)2Si] (3). Similarly, the reduction of in‐situ generated MeBICAAC adduct of Me2SiCl2 with one equivalent of KC8 led to the formation of [(MeBICAAC)SiMe2Cl] (4) complex having an unpaired electron. These complexes have been characterized by IR, UV‐Vis., NMR, HRMS, EPR and their solid‐state structures were also elucidated by single crystal X‐ray crystallography. Further, DFT calculations revealed the lower energy singlet state for complexes 1, 3 and doublet state for complexes 2, 4.
A novel multi‐epitope peptide vaccine targeting immunogenic antigens of Ebola and monkeypox viruses with potential of immune responses provocation in silico
Authors: Mahmoodi Shirin , Amirzakaria Javad Zamani , Ghasemian Abdolmajid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe emergence or reemergence of monkeypox (Mpox) and Ebola virus (EBOV) agents causing zoonotic diseases remains a huge threat to human health. Our study aimed at designing a multi‐epitope vaccine (MEV) candidate to target both the Mpox and EBOV agents using immunoinformatics tools. Viral protein sequences were retrieved, and potential nonallergenic, nontoxic, and antigenic epitopes were obtained. Next, cytotoxic and helper T‐cell (CTL and HTL, respectively) and B‐cell (BCL) epitopes were predicted, and those potential epitopes were fused utilizing proper linkers. The in silico cloning and expression processes were implemented using Escherichia coli K12. The immune responses were prognosticated using the C‐ImmSim server. The MEV construct (29.53 kDa) included four BCL, two CTL, and four HTL epitopes and adjuvant. The MEV traits were pertinent in terms of antigenicity, non‐allergenicity, nontoxicity, physicochemical characters, and stability. The MEV candidate was also highly expressed in E. coli K12. The strong affinity of MEV‐TLR3 was confirmed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analyses. Immune simulation analyses unraveled durable activation and responses of cellular and humoral arms alongside innate immune responses. The designed MEV candidate demonstrated appropriate traits and was promising in the prediction of immune responses against both Mpox and EBOV agents. Further experimental assessments of the MEV are required to verify its efficacy.
CEO hubris and corporate carbon footprint: The role of gender diversity
Authors: Kwabi Frank , Fulgence Samuel , Adamolekun Gbenga 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the effect of an overconfident CEO on firm greenhouse gas emissions. Using panel data of 160,115 firm‐year observations from 41 countries for 2000–2021, we find a negative relationship between CEO overconfidence and greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, drawing on the theories of gender socialisation and diversity, we find that great representation of females on the board further compels overconfident CEOs to reduce firm carbon emissions. Our findings are robust to varying estimation techniques and identification strategies. These findings offer important insights to green investors, corporate boards, managers and policymakers on the role of overconfident CEOs and female leadership in the carbon abatement efforts of public companies.
Examining the relationship between CEO power and modern slavery disclosures: The moderating role of board gender diversity in UK companies
Authors: Allam Amir , Moussa Tantawy , Elmarzouky Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDrawing on agency and gender socialisation theories, this study examines the effect of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) power on corporate modern slavery disclosures (MSD) and investigates whether board gender diversity might influence this relationship. Based on a sample comprising the Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) 100 companies from 2016 to 2020, the findings indicate that, although there has been progress in corporate transparency concerning modern slavery, a significant gap persists in the reporting on the measurement and monitoring of the effectiveness of their policies. This may stem from powerful CEOs' desires to maintain a positive corporate image, leading to minimal disclosure of potentially damaging information. The fixed effects panel regression analysis reveals a negative relationship between CEO power (CEOP) and the extent of modern slavery disclosures (MSD), with a significant moderating effect observed when female board representation is substantial. This evidence suggests that female board members may challenge groupthink and introduce diverse perspectives that can alter the board's dynamics, potentially mitigating the negative impact of CEOP on issues like modern slavery disclosure by encouraging more ethical and collective decision‐making. This research underscores the need for greater transparency and accountability in addressing modern slavery and promoting more responsible business practices.
The influence of online social support on health self‐management among gay men living with HIV in China
Authors: Guo Yu , Zheng Yu , Xiang Hongzhe , Hou Yongkang , Li Yiwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGay men living with HIV/AIDS (GMLHA) in China face the dual discrimination from stigmatization of HIV/AIDS and the marginalization of sexual orientation. Online social communities have become an increasingly important channel for them to seek and share health information. This study aims to examine the actual impact of online social support exchange on GMLHA's health self‐management in China. In this study, results of a questionnaire survey conducted in China's Weibo community (N = 303) showed that offering online social support can positively predict both physical and psychological health self‐management. Moreover, receiving online social support in the GMLHA online community can enhance the HIV/AIDS patient's mental health self‐management but does not forecast an improvement in the physical health self‐management level. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.