bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal examination of role overload and work–family conflict: The mediating role of interdomain transitions
Authors: Matthews Russell A. , Winkel Doan E. , Wayne Julie Holliday 
Published: January 2013

SummaryThrough the lens of boundary theory, we examine whether the relationship between role overload and work–family conflict is explained by the use of interdomain transitions. With a sample of 250 working adults, we examined whether individuals respond to role overload by engaging in interdomain transitions and how the frequency of these transitions influences work–family conflict both concurrently and over time. Results support our expectation that at a given time, interdomain transitions function as an episodic coping mechanism with short‐term costs (greater work–family conflict) and benefits (less role overload). Also, engaging in interdomain transitions was an explanatory variable linking role overload and work–family conflict. We expected that, over time, engaging in interdomain transitions would function as a preventive coping mechanism, serving to reduce role overload. Interestingly though, several of the longitudinal hypotheses were counter to prediction. Our findings provide further evidence for the use of boundary theory in examinations of the work–family interface. Insights on areas within the literature that require further theoretical development are discussed, along with a consideration of the application of emerging methodologies within our empirical designs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determinants of rural household food security: a comparative analysis of African and Asian studies
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Khalid , Schilizzi Steven 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper reviews the determinants of rural household food security in Africa and Asia where more than 88% of the world's undernourished people live. A conceptual model is proposed on the basis of the three widely known components of food security: food availability, accessibility and utilisation. This model is used to select a total of 40 peer‐reviewed studies carried out over the last decade (20 each from Africa and Asia). A meta‐analysis technique is then used to identify which determinants of food security have been highlighted and how well the causality is demonstrated. Food availability is the most studied component in both regions, followed by food accessibility, while food utilisation is the most neglected component in these studies. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of new synthetic PEGylated ferulic acids in comparison with ferulic acid and commercial surfactants on the properties of wheat flour dough and bread
Authors: Nicks François , Richel Aurore , Dubrowski Thomas , Wathelet Bernard , Wathelet Jean‐Paul , Blecker Christophe , Paquot Michel 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundFerulic acid esterified with poly(ethylene glycol) with three different average molecular weights (200, 400 and 1000 g mol−1) was studied in bread‐making. The effects of these antioxidants on the properties of wheat flour dough and bread were analysed and compared with those obtained with ferulic acid and two commercial surfactants, the diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono‐ and diglycerides and sodium stearoyl lactylate. Farinographic and alveographic methods as well as weight, volume and bread firmness measurements were used for this purpose.ResultsSimilar to ferulic acid, when the PEGylated derivatives were implemented in the dough (5000 ppm), it accelerated the breakdown of the dough and decreased its rheological properties. However, the important diminution of loaf volume, observed when dough supplemented with ferulic acid was baked, was avoided. That decrease in volume was related to the inhibition of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) by the unesterified ferulic acid. Moreover, two of the PEGylated ferulic acids even contributed to an increase of loaf volumes (5–6%) and demonstrated crumb softener properties.ConclusionThe addition of ferulic acid to wheat flour dough caused the inhibition of the yeast, which resulted in decreased bread volume. That effect could be avoid by the esterification of ferulic acid with poly(ethylene glycol). © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Obstructive sleep apnea in children
Authors: Tripuraneni Manasa , Paruthi Shalini , Armbrecht Eric S. , Mitchell Ron B. 
Published: January 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo study the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity, behavior, and quality of life.Study DesignCase‐control study of pediatric OSA documented by polysomnography at a tertiary‐care hospital.MethodsCaregivers signed a consent document and completed the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC‐2) and the 18‐item OSA Quality‐of‐Life Survey (OSA‐18) questionnaires. Demographic and polysomnographic data were collected. Children were classified as obese with OSA, normal weight with OSA, or primary snoring ([PS] normal weight, sleep‐disordered breathing, no OSA). The correlation between OSA severity and the degree of obesity as well as behavior and quality of life were compared among the three groups. A P value ≤.05 was considered significant.ResultsSeventy‐three patients were included in the study. Thirty‐five children were obese with OSA (48%), 21 were of normal weight with OSA (29%), and 17 were considered PS (23%). There was no linear correlation between the degree of obesity and OSA severity. Apnea/hypopnea index was significantly higher for OSA‐obese versus OSA‐normal weight children (20.0 vs. 9.0, P = .02). The OSA‐18 total score and BASC‐2 mean score was worse for the OSA‐obese than the OSA‐normal group (P = .01 for both). There was no difference in quality‐of‐life scores or behavioral scores between the OSA‐normal and PS groups.ConclusionsThe degree of obesity does not linearly predict OSA severity in children. Obese children have worse OSA, behavioral problems, and quality of life than normal‐weight children. In normal‐weight children with OSA or PS, behavior and quality‐of‐life scores are similar regardless of the severity of the sleep disorder.Level of Evidence3b.
1,2,3‐Triazole: Multifunktionswerkzeuge für die Peptidchemie
Authors: Empting Martin 
Published: January 2013

Abstract1,2,3‐Triazole sind nichtnatürliche Bausteine mit bioisosteren Eigenschaften. Sie dienen in der Peptidchemie als effektive Kopplungsschnittstellen für Biomoleküle, um multifunktionale Strukturen aufzubauen.
Struktur stärkt Strategie
Authors: Kühne Andreas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractDie Art, wie sich technische Abteilungen eines Unternehmens auf das Tagesgeschäft sowie auf mittel‐ und langfristige Projekte ausrichten, muss sich stets der Unternehmensstrategie anpassen. Dabei sind die Erfolgsfaktoren in chemischen Märkten zu beachten.
Longitudinal dynamics of body weight change in the development of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hansen Barbara C. , Newcomb Jennifer D. , Chen Ren , Linden Ellen H. 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to test the obesity–type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) link in the context of longitudinal changes in body weight during the progression to diabetes in mature adult nonhuman primates (NHP).Design and MethodsA colony of 245 adult rhesus monkeys aged 8‐41 years with 179 males were used to define overweight in males as a body weight: ≥13.5 kg or body fat (BF) ≥18% and obesity as ≥16.5 kg or BF ≥27%, and overweight in nonpregnant females was identified as a body weight >8.5 kg or BF >21% and obesity as ≥10.5 kg or BF ≥30%. A subgroup of 48 males (24 T2DM and 24 age‐matched non‐T2DM) males were studied before and following the onset of overt T2DM for the effects of changes in body weight and obesity in inducing this conversion to overt T2DM.ResultsThree years before overt T2DM, mean body weight was 18.4 ± 3.3 kg. The DM‐destined group body weight was 3.2 ± 1.1 kg greater and had a longer duration and greater severity of obesity, with peak body weight reached at 3.2 ± 1.8 years before overt T2DM. At DM onset the two groups did not differ significantly in body weight or adiposity.ConclusionsThe natural progression from pre‐DM to overt T2DM is caused neither by the amount of excess body weight at DM onset nor by the proximate increases in body weight/adiposity during the pre‐DM period of impaired glucose tolerance. Obesity was, however, essential preceding all NHP cases that developed T2DM.
Are our actions aligned With our evidence? The skinny on changing the landscape of obesity
Authors: Dubowitz Tamara , Ghosh‐Dastidar Madhumita (Bonnie) , Steiner Elizabeth , Escarce José J. , Collins Rebecca L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRecent debate about the role of food deserts in the United States (i.e., places that lack access to healthy foods) has prompted discussion on policies being enacted, including efforts that encourage the placement of full‐service supermarkets into food deserts. Other initiatives to address obesogenic neighborhood features include land use zoning and parks renovations. Yet, there is little evidence to demonstrate that such policies effect change. While we suspect most researchers and policymakers would agree that effective neighborhood change could be a powerful tool in combating obesity, we desperately need strong and sound evidence to guide decisions about where and how to invest.
Chemical functionalization strategies for carbon dioxide capture in microporous organic polymers
Authors: Dawson Robert , Cooper Andrew I , Adams Dave J 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe review the design and use of microporous polymers for pre‐ and post‐combustion capture of CO2. Microporous organic polymers are promising candidates for CO2 capture materials. They have good physicochemical stabilities and high surface areas. Ultrahigh‐surface‐area microporous organic polymers could find use in pre‐combustion capture, while networks with lower surface areas but higher heats of sorption for CO2 might be more relevant for lower pressure, post‐combustion capture. We discuss strategies for enhancing CO2 uptakes including increasing surface area, chemical functionalization to provide high‐enthalpy binding sites and the potential for pore size tuning. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Adaptive back‐stepping sliding mode attitude control of missile systems
Authors: Xia Yuanqing , Lu Kunfeng , Zhu Zheng , Fu Mengyin 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYThis paper is devoted to the attitude control of a quaternion missile model, which is nonlinear in aerodynamics with atmospheric moment uncertainties, inertia uncertainties, bounded disturbances and actuator failures. By employing the back‐stepping technique, the corresponding sliding mode controller is designed to guarantee the state variables of the closed loop system to converge to a small region of the reference states with the help of the adaptive law by estimating the total uncertainties, and be chatter‐free. Also, simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the control strategy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defense against Sybil attack in the initial deployment stage of vehicular ad hoc network based on roadside unit support
Authors: Park Soyoung , Aslam Baber , Turgut Damla , Zou Cliff C. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose two certificate mechanisms for preventing the Sybil attack in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET): the timestamp series approach and the temporary certificate approach. We focus on an early‐stage VANET when the number of smart vehicles is only a small fraction of the vehicles on the road and the only infrastructure components available are the roadside units (RSUs). Our approach does not require a dedicated vehicular public key infrastructure to certify individual vehicles but RSUs are the only components issuing certificates. The vehicles can obtain certificates by simply driving by RSUs, without the need to pre‐register at a certificate authority. The timestamp series approach exploits the fact that because of the variance of the movement patterns of the vehicles, it is extremely rare that the two vehicles pass by a series of RSUs at exactly the same time points. The vehicles obtain a series of certificates signed by the RSUs, which certify their passing by at the RSU at a certain time point. By exploiting the spatial and temporal correlation between vehicles and RSUs, we can detect the Sybil attack by checking the similarity of timestamp series. In the temporary certificate‐based approach, an RSU issues temporary certificates valid only in a particular area for a limited time. To guarantee that each vehicle is assigned only a single certificate, at the issuance of the first certificate, it is required that the RSU physically authenticate the vehicle. When driving by the subsequent RSUs, however, the certificate can be updated in a chained manner. By guaranteeing that each vehicle is issued a single certificate in a single area, the Sybil attack is prevented. We provide mathematical analysis and simulation for the timestamp series approach. The simulation shows that it works with a small false‐positive rate in simple roadway architecture. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrasound evaluation of Cesarean scar after single‐ and double‐layer uterotomy closure: a cohort study
Authors: Glavind J. , Madsen L. D. , Uldbjerg N. , Dueholm M. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare residual myometrial thickness (RMT) and size of the Cesarean scar defect after single‐ and double‐layer uterotomy closure following first elective Cesarean section.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in 149 women at least 6 months after an uncomplicated, elective Cesarean delivery. Two‐dimensional transvaginal ultrasonographic measures of RMT, scar defect depth, width and length and myometrial thickness adjacent to the scar were compared in 68 women with single‐layer and 81 women with double‐layer closure delivered before and after, respectively, a change in the surgical procedure. Outcomes between the two groups were compared.ResultsMedian RMT was 5.8 (interquartile range (IQR), 4.1–7.8) mm in women with double‐layer closure vs 4.6 (IQR, 3.4–6.5) mm in those with single‐layer closure (P = 0.04). Scar defect length was greater in women with single‐layer closure (median, 6.8 (IQR, 4.4–8.5) mm) than in those with double‐layer closure (median, 5.6 (IQR, 3.9–6.8) mm) (P = 0.01). Measurements of defect depth and width, and the proportion of scars with RMT < 2.3 mm were similar in the two groups.ConclusionsRMT was greater and defect length, but not defect depth and width, was smaller following double‐layer compared with single‐layer closure, which may indicate some limited benefit of double‐layer closure following first elective Cesarean section. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Risk of cytomegalovirus‐associated sequelae in relation to time of infection and findings on prenatal imaging
Authors: Lipitz S. , Yinon Y. , Malinger G. , Yagel S. , Levit L. , Hoffman C. , Rantzer R. , Weisz B. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the outcome of pregnancies with documented fetal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection with and without abnormal findings on ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsIn this prospective cohort study of pregnant women with documented fetal CMV infection, vertical CMV transmission occurred during the first and second trimesters following primary maternal infection. Patients underwent serial prenatal ultrasound scans and fetal MRI. All neonates underwent ocular fundus examination, ultrasound brain scan and hearing evaluation, and were then followed periodically by a pediatrician.ResultsPrimary CMV infection occurred during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy in 71 and 74 patients, respectively. Seven patients (4.8%) decided to terminate pregnancy because of prenatal findings and one neonate died because of CMV complications. Patients with first‐trimester infection had infants with significantly more associated sequelae (either auditory damage or neurodevelopmental disabilities) than did patients with second‐trimester infection (19.7% vs 5.6%, respectively; P = 0.01). Abnormal prenatal findings on ultrasound examination were associated with increased risk of sequelae. When both ultrasound and MRI findings were normal, the rate of sequelae was decreased to 15.6% for first‐trimester infections and to 2.0% for second‐trimester infections, partial hearing loss being the sequela in most cases. In the presence of abnormal ultrasound and/or MRI findings the risk was 25% and 16%, respectively, and in most cases the sequelae were deafness and neurodevelopmental delay. The rate of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in the study group was 11.7% and was not affected by the time of onset of maternal infection. Isolated IUGR was not associated with increased risk of sequelae.ConclusionThe risk of sequelae is higher following first‐than second‐trimester CMV infection. However, the risk of severe sequelae is significantly reduced in the presence of normal prenatal ultrasound and MRI findings. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intrapartum transperineal ultrasound assessment of fetal head progression in active second stage of labor and mode of delivery
Authors: Ghi T. , Youssef A. , Maroni E. , Arcangeli T. , De Musso F. , Bellussi F. , Nanni M. , Giorgetta F. , Morselli‐Labate A. M. , Iammarino M. T. , Paccapelo A. , Cariello L. , Rizzo N. , Pilu G. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare longitudinal changes in angle of progression (AoP) and midline angle (MLA) during the active second stage of labor according to the mode of delivery.MethodsA three‐dimensional transperineal ultrasound volume was acquired in a series of nulliparous women at the beginning of the active second stage (T1) and every 20 min thereafter (T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6). Following delivery, all ultrasound volumes were analyzed and AoP and MLA were measured.ResultsAmong 71 women included in the study, 58 underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery (Group A) and 13 underwent operative delivery (Group B) (eight by vacuum extraction and five by Cesarean section). When compared with Group B, Group A had a wider AoP only at T1 (140.0 ± 20.2° vs 122.9 ± 16.7°; P = 0.010) and T2 (149.7 ± 20.7° vs 126.9 ± 17.5°; P = 0.006). MLA was narrower in Group A only at T3 (21.2 ± 11.7° vs 40.8 ± 27.9°; P = 0.043), T4 (18.2 ± 15.0° vs 47.4 ± 29.6°; P = 0.020) and T5 (18.3 ± 6.0° vs 34.7 ± 4.2°; P = 0.034). On stepwise forward multiple logistic regression analysis, both AoP and MLA were independently associated with operative delivery (OR = 0.955 and OR = 1.018, respectively).ConclusionUltrasonographic assessment of fetal head descent in the second stage of labor may play a role in the prediction of the mode of delivery. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Added value of umbilical vein flow as a predictor of perinatal outcome in term small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses
Authors: Parra‐Saavedra M. , Crovetto F. , Triunfo S. , Savchev S. , Parra G. , Sanz M. , Gratacos E. , Figueras F. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare umbilical vein (UV) flow with standard Doppler parameters in prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in late‐onset small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) fetuses.MethodsUmbilical, uterine and middle cerebral arteries, and UV blood flow were evaluated by Doppler before delivery in a cohort of 193 term SGA fetuses. The value of the Doppler parameters to predict risk of emergency delivery for non‐reassuring fetal status and neonatal metabolic acidosis was analyzed.ResultsFifty‐three (27%) fetuses had non‐reassuring fetal status requiring emergency delivery, whereas 21 (11%) newborns developed neonatal metabolic acidosis. Multivariable analysis showed that significant contributions to prediction of emergency delivery for non‐reassuring fetal status and neonatal metabolic acidosis were provided by middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatility index (PI) and UV blood flow normalized by fetal weight. Decision tree analysis defined three groups with increasing risk of need for emergency delivery for non‐reassuring fetal status: MCA‐PI > 1.46 (risk 15.6%); MCA‐PI ≤ 1.46 and UV blood flow > 68 mL/min/kg (risk 25%); and MCA‐PI ≤ 1.46 and UV flow ≤ 68 mL/min/kg (risk 53.1%); and two groups with different risks of neonatal metabolic acidosis: UV flow > 68 mL/min/kg or UV flow ≤ 68 mL/min/kg and MCA‐PI > 1.23 (risk ≤ 10%); and UV flow ≤ 68 mL/min/kg and MCA‐PI ≤ 1.23 (risk 39.1%).ConclusionThe evaluation of UV blood flow with spectral brain Doppler allows better identification of SGA fetuses with late‐onset intrauterine growth restriction at risk of adverse perinatal outcome. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Diaphragmatic hernia: a postnatal complication of anomalous drainage of the umbilical vein
Authors: Jowett V. , Paramasivam G. , Seale A. , Choudhry M. , Yates R. , Gardiner H. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTThe ductus venosus (DV) connects the portal venous system to the inferior vena cava. Rarely, the umbilical venous drainage is anomalous, either connecting to the portal sinus within the liver or having an extrahepatic connection, bypassing the liver and draining to one of a variety of sites, including to the heart directly. Prenatally, there is a recognized association of anomalous umbilical venous drainage with aneuploidy and other structural malformations. The fetus may also develop right heart failure because of unregulated volume loading. We report the postnatal development of diaphragmatic hernia in three fetuses with absent DV and umbilical venous drainage to the right atrium directly in two cases and to the coronary sinus in the third. In all fetuses, the abnormality was well‐tolerated in pregnancy, with only a modest degree of right heart dilatation. All three neonates underwent repair of the diaphragmatic hernia and made a good recovery. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Impact of introducing a national policy for prenatal Down syndrome screening on the diagnostic invasive procedure rate in England
Authors: Morgan S. , Delbarre A. , Ward P. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of the introduction of a Down syndrome screening policy in England, including implementation of the first‐trimester combined screening test, on reducing prenatal invasive diagnostic procedure rates.MethodsAll English cytogenetic laboratories were asked to submit data from the fiscal years 2003/2004 until 2011/2012 on all samples received from prenatal invasive procedures, including those that were undertaken following a higher‐risk Down syndrome screening result.ResultsThere was a gradual decline in the number of invasive procedures undertaken subsequent to a positive Down syndrome screening result in England, from 36 968 in 2003/2004 to 11 446 in 2008/2009, with only a relatively small subsequent decrease, to 10 215, in 2011/2012. This corresponds to a 72% reduction in the number of referrals received by the cytogenetic laboratories over a 9‐year period and correlates with the national policy of implementing the combined screening test in place of second‐trimester screening, which has reduced the overall screen‐positive rate to 3.1% from an initial level of 6.0%.ConclusionsImplementation of a national Down syndrome screening policy based on the combined screening test has significantly reduced the number of invasive tests performed. However, as the combined screening test has become the replacement for second‐trimester testing and has been almost completely implemented it appears that improvements in screening using current approaches may have reached their limits. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.