bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined impact of high body mass index and in vitro fertilization on preeclampsia risk: A hospital‐based cohort study
Authors: Dayan Natalie , Pilote Louise , Opatrny Lucie , Basso Olga , Messerlian Carmen , El‐Messidi Amira , Daskalopoulou Stella S. 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesOverweight and obese women may be heavy users of in vitro fertilization (IVF) owing to obesity‐related oligo‐anovulation. The higher doses of gonadotropins required to achieve pregnancy in obese women may contribute to impaired placentation and the development of preeclampsia. This study was designed to assess the combined effect of high maternal body mass index (BMI) and IVF on risk of preeclampsia and to evaluate for an interaction between the two factors.MethodsThis is a hospital‐based cohort study of 10,013 singleton pregnancies that delivered from 2001 to 2008 at a tertiary hospital in Montreal, Canada. The combined effect of high BMI and IVF on preeclampsia versus no risk factors was estimated in multivariate logistic regression models fitted with an interaction term between high BMI (> 25 or > 30 kg/m2) and IVF.ResultsIVF pregnancies in obese women had a considerably higher risk of preeclampsia than spontaneous nonobese pregnancies (OR 6.7, 95% CI 3.3‐13.8; p interaction 0.03). IVF was not independently associated with preeclampsia (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.3‐1.4). Analyses were similar in subgroup analyses and in analyses correcting for bias.ConclusionsHigh BMI is strongly associated with preeclampsia, and this risk is compounded in IVF pregnancies.
Weight bias in 2001 versus 2013: Contradictory attitudes among obesity researchers and health professionals
Authors: Tomiyama A. Janet , Finch Laura E. , Belsky Angela C. Incollingo , Buss Julia , Finley Carrie , Schwartz Marlene B. , Daubenmier Jennifer 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesTo assess levels of two types of anti‐fat bias in obesity specialists, explicit bias, or consciously accessible anti‐fat attitudes, and implicit bias, or attitudes that are activated outside of conscious awareness, were examined. This study also assessed changes over time by comparing levels of bias in 2013 to published data from 2001.MethodsIn 232 attendees at the ObesityWeek 2013 conference, we measured explicit anti‐fat bias and conducted the Implicit Association Test. These data were compared to those from a study conducted at the 2001 meeting of this group.ResultsParticipants exhibited significant implicit and explicit anti‐fat/pro‐thin bias. Positivity of professional experience with obesity, but not type of professional experience, was correlated with lower explicit anti‐fat bias. Compared to 2001, the 2013 sample had lower levels of implicit bias and higher levels of explicit bias.ConclusionsAlthough implicit anti‐fat attitudes appeared to decrease from 2001 to 2013, explicit anti‐fat attitudes increased. Future research should examine whether increasing positive experiences with obese patients reduces anti‐fat bias among health professionals. Together, these results suggest that despite the current climate of widespread anti‐fat bias, there are pathways toward understanding and ameliorating this bias.
Counterintuitive relationship between visceral fat and all‐cause mortality in an elderly Asian population
Authors: Shil Hong Eun , Khang Ah Reum , Roh Eun , Jeong Ku Eu , An Kim Ye , Min Kim Kyoung , Hoon Moon Jae , Hee Choi Sung , Soo Park Kyong , Woong Kim Ki , Chul Jang Hak , Lim Soo 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveAbdominal obesity is considered to be a risk factor for mortality. However, recent studies indicate that overweight may be negatively associated with mortality (“obesity paradox”). The relationships between mortality and various obesity markers in an elderly Asian cohort were evaluated.MethodsSubjects of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA) (n = 1000, age ≥65 years) were included. The visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured using computed tomography.ResultsA total of 222 deaths occurred during the 6‐year follow‐up (median = 5.2 [range 0.1–6.3] years). Body mass index (BMI), VFA, SFA, and total fat mass were negatively associated with all‐cause mortality in the univariable analyses (hazard ratio [HR] 0.67 per 1 SD [95% CI 0.57‐0.77], 0.66 [0.55‐0.79], 0.73 [0.61‐0.86], and 0.74 [0.63‐0.87], respectively). BMI and VFA were significantly associated with all‐cause mortality in the multivariable analyses (HR 0.85 per 1 SD [95% CI 0.73‐0.99] and 0.64 [0.47‐0.87], respectively). When stratified by quartiles, the HR associated with VFA was the lowest in the third quartile.ConclusionsIn this observational study with a short follow‐up of elderly Asian people, higher amounts of visceral fat, a marker for central obesity, were associated with decreased all‐cause mortality.
Weight loss decreases follicle stimulating hormone in overweight postmenopausal women
Authors: Kim Catherine , Randolph John F. , Golden Sherita H. , Labrie Fernand , Kong Shengchun , Nan Bin , Barrett‐Connor Elizabeth 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesTo examine the impact of a weight loss intervention upon follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in postmenopause.MethodsParticipants were postmenopausal, overweight, glucose‐intolerant women not using exogenous estrogen (n = 382) in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Women were randomized to intensive lifestyle change (ILS) with the goals of weight reduction of at least 7% of initial weight and 150 min per week of moderate‐intensity exercise, metformin 850 mg twice a day, or placebo administered twice a day.ResultsRandomization to ILS led to small increases in FSH between baseline and 1‐year follow‐up vs. placebo (2.3 IU/l vs. −0.81 IU/l, P < 0.01). Increases in FSH were correlated with decreases in weight (r = −0.165, P < 0.01) and estradiol (E2) (r = −0.464, P < 0.0001) after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, and randomization arm. Changes in FSH were still significantly associated with changes in weight even after adjustment for E2 levels. Metformin users had reductions in weight but non‐significant changes in FSH and E2 levels vs. placebo.ConclusionsWeight loss leads to small increases in FSH among overweight, postmenopausal women, potentially through pathways mediated by endogenous estrogen as well as other pathways.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a potential source of biomarkers to test the efficacy of weight‐loss strategies
Authors: Reynés Bàrbara , Díaz‐Rúa Rubén , Cifre Margalida , Oliver Paula , Palou Andreu 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) constitute an easily obtainable blood cell fraction useful in nutrition and obesity studies. Our aim was to study the potential use of PBMC to reflect metabolic recovery associated with weight loss in rats.MethodsBy real‐time PCR, the fasting response of key energy homeostatic genes in PBMC samples of control and cafeteria‐obese rats and of rats fed a control diet after the intake of a cafeteria diet (post‐cafeteria model) was analyzed.ResultsFasting caused decreased mRNA expression of lipogenic (Fasn and Srebp1a) and adipogenic (Pparγ) genes in PBMC, whereas it increased the expression of the key beta‐oxidation gene Cpt1a and the orexigenic gene Npy. Fasting response of the genes studied was impaired in cafeteria‐obese animals but was recovered in post‐cafeteria rats, which showed a significant body weight decrease and normalization of adipose and metabolic parameters. Npy expression analyzed in PBMC has been revealed to be especially useful as a marker of fasting sensitivity, as its fasting response is not affected by the age of the animals and it is recovered even after shorter time of exposure to a balanced diet.ConclusionsPBMC reflect homeostatic balance recovery associated with weight loss in obese animals, when reverting from a hyperlipidic to a control balanced diet.
Pathogenesis of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Authors: van den Brand Judith MA , Smits Saskia L , Haagmans Bart L 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHuman coronaviruses (CoVs) mostly cause a common cold that is mild and self‐limiting. Zoonotic transmission of CoVs such as the recently identified Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)‐CoV and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐CoV, on the other hand, may be associated with severe lower respiratory tract infection. This article reviews the clinical and pathological data available on MERS and compares it to SARS. Most importantly, chest radiographs and imaging results of patients with MERS show features that resemble the findings of organizing pneumonia, different from the lesions in SARS patients, which show fibrocellular intra‐alveolar organization with a bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia‐like pattern. These findings are in line with differences in the induction of cytopathological changes, induction of host gene responses and sensitivity to the antiviral effect of interferons in vitro when comparing both MERS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV. The challenge will be to translate these findings into an integrated picture of MERS pathogenesis in humans and to develop intervention strategies that will eventually allow the effective control of this newly emerging infectious disease. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The olfactory nerve: a shortcut for influenza and other viral diseases into the central nervous system
Authors: van Riel Debby , Verdijk Rob , Kuiken Thijs 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe olfactory nerve consists mainly of olfactory receptor neurons and directly connects the nasal cavity with the central nervous system (CNS). Each olfactory receptor neuron projects a dendrite into the nasal cavity on the apical side, and on the basal side extends its axon through the cribriform plate into the olfactory bulb of the brain. Viruses that can use the olfactory nerve as a shortcut into the CNS include influenza A virus, herpesviruses, poliovirus, paramyxoviruses, vesicular stomatitis virus, rabies virus, parainfluenza virus, adenoviruses, Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, chikungunya virus, La Crosse virus, mouse hepatitis virus, and bunyaviruses. However, mechanisms of transport via the olfactory nerve and subsequent spread through the CNS are poorly understood. Proposed mechanisms are either infection of olfactory receptor neurons themselves or diffusion through channels formed by olfactory ensheathing cells. Subsequent virus spread through the CNS could occur by multiple mechanisms, including trans‐synaptic transport and microfusion. Viral infection of the CNS can lead to damage from infection of nerve cells per se, from the immune response, or from a combination of both. Clinical consequences range from nervous dysfunction in the absence of histopathological changes to severe meningoencephalitis and neurodegenerative disease. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formation mechanism of polyaniline self‐assembled needles and urchin‐like structures assisted by magnesium oxide
Authors: Ibrahim Michael , Bassil Maria , Khoury Tony , Demirci Umit B , El Tahchi Mario , Miele Philippe 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe polyaniline (PANI) morphological structure is strongly correlated with the preparation procedure, yielding diverse geometries such as nano‐tubes, belts, rods, fibres and particles. In this study, the synthesis of a novel PANI morphology of consisting of hollow needles and urchin‐like structures is presented and its formation mechanism is explained. The polymer was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of magnesium oxide as a structural directing agent. The morphological study of the urchin‐like PANI was conducted using scanning electron microscopy and in situ monitoring of needle growth was done using optical microscopy. The structure and functional groups of these novel structures were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Additionally, the formation mechanism is modelled based on the multi‐layer theory where a core–shell structure exists between the polymer (shell) and the magnesium oxide particles (core). © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Nondispersive Raman lines in the D‐band region for ferrocene functionalized carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kuzmany H. , Shi L. , Pichler T. , Kramberger C. , Chernov A. , Liu X. 
Published: October 2014

Carbon‐rich fillers like ferrocene can be transformed into an inner tube with extremely small diameter if they are filled into HiPco tubes. For ferrocene@HiPco three new Raman bands appear in the D‐band region during this transformation. These bands do not show dispersion and exhibit a strong resonance for red laser excitation. The observed resonance is for the outgoing phonon at 1247 cm for an electronic transition at 1.84 eV. Maximum response for the new lines is observed for transformation of the filled tubes between 800 and 900°C. In addition to the three bands in the D‐band region also an enhanced band at 470 cm is observed with the same sensitivity to transformation temperature. In order to obtain more information on the origin of the new bands deuterium substituted FeCp was used. The new lines turned out to be sensitive to this substitution which is considered as a strong indication of their origin from organic compounds created inside or in between the tubes during the transformation process.
Konstruktion und Bau der Osthafenbrücke in Frankfurt am Main
Authors: Springer Johannes , Dieter Alwin , Schidzig Rüdiger , Kowalski Peter 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDie neue Osthafenbrücke in Frankfurt am Main ist in vielerlei Hinsicht ein bemerkenswertes Bauwerk. Mit einer Stützweite von 175 m gehört sie zu den großen Stabbogenverbundbrücken in Deutschland. Zum ersten Mal seit längerer Zeit wurden für eine Straßenbrücke dieser Größe bei der Osthafenbrücke wieder vollverschlossene Spiralseile als Hänger verwendet. Die Hängerseile sind in Brückenlängsrichtung geneigt und einfach gekreuzt. Neben einem geschichtlichen Rückblick sowie Details zu Entwurf, Ausschreibung und Vergabe berichtet der vorliegende Beitrag über Besonderheiten der Statik, der Konstruktion und der Montage der neuen Mainbrücke. Dabei wird insbesondere auf die vollverschlossenen Hängerseile eingegangen.Construction and building of the new Osthafen Bridge in Frankfurt/Main, Germany. The new Osthafen Bridge in Frankfurt/Main, is a remarkable structure in many respects. With a span of 175 m it is among the largest composite arch bridges in Germany. For the first time in a while, locked coil strands have been used as hangers for a road bridge of this dimension. In the longitudinal direction of the bridge the hanger cables are inclined and crossed. Apart from a historical overview, details concerning design and tendering process, this article outlines specifics of the structural design, construction and erection of the new bridge over the river Main. In this context the article focuses on the locked coil strand hanger cables.
Spektakulärer Großbrückenbau in Schweden
Authors: Lüttger Stephan , Pfeiffer Michael , Schidzig Rüdiger 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIm Februar 2011 konnte die Firmengruppe Max Bögl als Partner im Joint Venture Sundsvallsbron durch einen Sondervorschlag im Design‐und‐Build‐Verfahren den Auftrag für den Neubau der Autobahn E4 Seequerung in Sundsvall, Schweden gewinnen. Ausschlaggebend für den Erfolg des Sondervorschlags war insbesondere das innovative Montagekonzept des Hauptüberbaus. Mit den sehr kalten und langen Wintern in Mittelschweden musste der 23 000 t‐Stahlüberbau innerhalb nur eines Sommers montierbar sein. Dies war nur durch ein ausgeklügeltes Logistikkonzept und durch die Serienvorfertigung von Einzelbauteilen mit bis zu 38 m Breite, 160 m Länge und Einzelstückgewichten von bis zu 2 500 t möglich. Aus den hohen technischen Anforderungen und dem sehr engen Terminplan entstand dabei ganz nebenbei eine der modernsten halbautomatisierten Fertigungsstraßen im europäischen Stahlbau.Spectacular bridge construction in Sweden – The Sundsvall Bridge sets new international standards. In February 2011 company Max Bögl as part of the Joint Venture Sundsvallsbron got the contract for the design and build of the new Sundsvall Bridge in Sweden. This was mainly achieved due to the developed innovative erection concept of the main bridge construction. The very cold and long winters in Sweden made it necessary to erect the 23 000 t steel bridge just within one summer period. This was only possible with a sophisticated logistic concept and a batch prefabrication of sections with widths of up to 38 m, lengths of 160 m and single component weights of up to 2 500 t. With the high technical requirements and the very tight time schedule along the way one of Europe‘s latest semi‐automatic steel production lines was established.
Experimentelle Untersuchungen von Slim‐Floor‐Trägern in Verbundbauweise
Authors: Braun Matthias , Hechler Oliver , Obiala Renata , Kuhlmann Ulrike , Eggert Florian , Hauf Gunter , Konrad Matthias 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDie Kombination von integrierten Deckenträgern mit Betondübeln ermöglicht eine äußerst materialsparende und wirtschaftliche Realisierung weitgespannter Slim‐Floor‐Träger in Verbundbauweise (Composite Slim‐Floor Beams – CoSFB). Mangels Bemessungsregeln für diese vorgesehene Anwendung wurden ab 2009 Bauteil‐ und Push‐Out‐Versuche zur Untersuchung des Tragverhaltens der Betondübel durchgeführt und der Einfluss der für die Tragfähigkeit maßgebenden Parameter bestimmt [1]. In diesem Beitrag werden die durchgeführten Versuche und deren Auswertung beschrieben sowie die Bestimmung der charakteristischen Tragfähigkeit der CoSFB‐Betondübel ausführlich erläutert. Die Ergebnisse sind in eine allgemeine bauaufsichtliche Zulassung [2] eingeflossen, worin neben den Dübeltragfähigkeiten auch Anwendungsgrenzen und Bestimmungen zur Ausführung geregelt sind.Experimental investigation of Composite Slim‐Floor Beams – Application of concrete dowels. The combination of integrated beams with concrete dowels allows for a significant material saving and an economical realization of long‐span Composite Slim‐Floor Beams (CoSFB). Due to lack of design rules for the proposed application, since 2009 member tests and Push‐Out tests were performed in order to investigate the load bearing behaviour of the concrete dowels and to determine an influence of relevant parameters on the resistance of the system [1]. This paper describes the accomplished tests and the evaluation of the experimental results as well as it explains the determination of the characteristic resistance of CoSFB concrete dowels. The results led to a general technical approval [2] in which the dowel load bearing capacity, application limits and rules for execution are given.
Gewächshäuser – Die neuen DIN SPEC Spezifikationen in Deutschland
Authors: Pertermann Ina , Puthli Ram , Ummenhofer Thomas 
Published: October 2014

AbstractGewächshäuser sind Sonderkonstruktionen des Stahlleichtbaus. Sie sind in Deutschland seit 1958 in einer eigenen Gewächshausfachnorm geregelt, deren Vornormversion, die DINV 11535‐1: 1998‐02, noch heute bauaufsichtlich eingeführt ist. Diese Vornorm bezieht sich jedoch noch auf die alte Normenreihe DIN 1055, was eine Reihe von Fragen und Problemen aufwarf. Im März 2014 sind zwei neue DIN‐Spezifikationen erschienen, die DIN SPEC 18071 für Produktionsgewächshäuser und die DIN SPEC 18072 für Verkaufsgewächshäuser, die sich beide auf das aktuelle Eurocode‐Bemessungskonzept stützen und die für den modernen Gewächshausbau erforderlichen Spezifizierungen und Erweiterungen enthalten. Über die neuen Regelungen, die Erkenntnisse aus Fachgesprächen, der Fachliteratur und internationalen Normungsvorhaben berücksichtigen, wird in diesem Beitrag berichtet.Greenhouses – The new DIN SPEC regulations in Germany. Horticultural greenhouses are especially purpose‐built lightweight steel structures. In Germany, there has been a Horticultural Greenhouse Preliminary Standard since 1958, the DINV 11535‐1:1982‐02, which is still applicable and approved by the building authorities. However, this standard still refers to the older DIN 1055 series of standards, which has resulted in a series of queries and problems. In March 2014, two new DIN Specifications were released, the DIN SPEC 18071 for Production Greenhouses and the DIN SPEC 18072 for Sales Greenhouses, which are both based on the latest Eurocode design concept and which contain the specifications and upgrades required for modern greenhouse design and construction. This article presents the new regulations, which reflect the findings and conclusions from technical discussions, technical literature and international standard projects.
Der Stahlbau der Elbphilharmonie
Authors: Böhling Stefan , Klaas Boris , Socher Tino 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBei der Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg kann man ohne Übertreibung von einem Projekt mit hohem architektonischen Anspruch sprechen. Zahlreiche technische und konstruktiv innovative Lösungen sind Teil der Architektur und ermöglichen erst den neuen, aufgesetzten Gebäudekörper auf dem historischen Kaispeicher mit dem integrierten großen Konzertsaal. Ohne Baustellenzugang oder näherer Projektkenntnisse wird dabei dem Außenstehenden gar nicht ersichtlich sein, in welchen Bereichen der Stahlbau eine tragende Rolle bei diesem Megaprojekt spielt.Dieser Beitrag soll zeigen, wie die herausfordernde Bautechnik gerade in zahlreichen stahlbauspezifischen Konstruktionen im Bereich des Rohbaus in der Ausführung planerisch gelöst und umgesetzt worden sind. Geschildert werden diese Erfahrungen anhand einiger herausragender Beispiele aus Sicht des ausführenden Generalunternehmers HOCHTIEF zusammen mit der zurzeit ausführenden Stahlbaufirma, der Firma spannverbund GmbH.Structural steelwork of the Elbphilharmonie. The Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg without exaggeration can be called a project of high‐class architecture. Numerous technical and construction finesses are part of the architecture and only allow the new building structure with its integrated great concert hall to be placed upon the historical warehouse. Without access to the construction site or deeper project knowledge, it will not be obvious for an outsider, in which areas structural steelwork is playing an important part in this challenging project.This paper therefore intends to show, how the technical challenges especially in steelwork specific parts of the structural work were dealt with in planning and execution. These experiences are described from the point of view of the general contractor HOCHTIEF and one of the main steelwork contractors, spannverbund GmbH.