bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineralogy and Mineral Chemistry of Placer Deposit around Jhatipodar, Odisha
Authors: Acharya B. C. , Nayak B. K. , Das S. K. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract:
The heavy mineral placer sands of Jhatipodar deposit, Odisha, India extends in NE-SW parallel to the coast over a width of 750-980m. A total of 195 samples were collected vertically in a grid pattern from 46 bore holes in 5 transects from beach and dunes covering an area of 75 hectares. The total heavy minerals (THM) content of the samples vary from 3.01% to 44.38%. The heavy minerals as observed from field and laboratory investigations are ilmenite, leucoxene, garnet, sillimanite, zircon, rutile, monazite, magnetite and corundum together with hornblende, diopside, tourmaline, sphene, apatite and epidote. The heavy minerals show similar pattern of grain size distribution from beach to dunes and are dominantly in the size of 90 - 350 μm with a peak distribution in -180, +125 μm. A bulk sample of dunal sands analysed 20.48% THM, contain 7.85% ilmenite, 7.65% garnet, 4.09% sillimanite, 0.20% zircon, 0.18% rutile and 0.13% monazite. The mineral grains are well liberated, rounded to sub-rounded and mostly free from surface coatings. The ilmenites contain 47.87-56.59% TiO2 with an average of 51.76% TiO2. The high TiO2 content (9.86-16.30%) in exsolved hematite is due to Fe2O3-FeTiO3 solid solution. Compared to ilmenite, leucoxene has higher amounts of Ti, Al, Si, Cr and lower amounts of Fe and Mn. The Ti/(Ti+Fe) in ilmenite varies between 0.46% and 0.55% while that in leucoxene has a range from 0.64% to 0.96%. The provenance rocks for this deposit are the khondalites, quartzites, calcsilicate granulites, granitic gneisses, charnockite, basic granulite, anorthosite and pegmatites of the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt in the catchment areas of Rushikulya river. This paper deals with the distribution of heavy minerals in beaches and dunes, mineralogical association and chemistry of different minerals to evaluate the economic potentiality of Jhatipodar placer deposit and to decipher the amenability of different heavy minerals for mineral processing.
Suitability of Groundwater Quality for Drinking, Irrigation and Industrial Purposes in the Western Delta Region of the River Godavari, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Nageswara Rao P. V. , Appa Rao S. , Subba Rao N. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract:
The people of the Western Delta Region of the River Godavari, Andhra Pradesh are in a dilemma whether to use or not to use the groundwater for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes due to influences of geogenic, marine and anthropogenic activities on aquifer system. To clarify this doubt, the present study has been taken up. Geologically, the region is underlain by coarse sand with black clay of buried channel (BC) zone, black silty clay of flood plain (FP) zone and grey/white fine sand of beach sediment of coastal (C) zone. The results of the chemical analysis of groundwater suggest that the quality of water is of alkaline, low to high salinity and hard to very hard. The trilinear diagram shows that the quality of groundwater is dominated by non-carbonate alkali and mixed types. Because of the deterioration of groundwater quality, the concentrations of TH, Mg2+, Na+, Cl– and SO4–2 exceed their drinking water quality standards in most of the region. The groundwater quality is not suitable with respect to SAR, %Na+ and MH, but they are safe in respect of RSC and PI in some locations for irrigation. In a few locations, the quality of groundwater is useful for industrial purpose. As a whole, the groundwater quality in BC zone is found to be superior to that in FP and C zones. Suitable management measures are suggested to improve the water quality.
Direct Resistivity Measurements of Core Sample using a Portable In-situ DC Resistivity Meter in Comparison with HERT Data
Authors: Rekapalli Rajesh , Sarma V. S. , Phukon Parag 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
An indigenous apparatus was devised for measuring the true resistivity of core samples in laboratory or at the drilling site and tested for its efficacy. The true resistivities of selected core samples from a shallow borehole of Brahmaputra alluvium were measured using an in-situ DC resistivity meter and compared with corresponding High-resolution Electrical Resistivity Tomography (HERT) cross section acquired across the borehole site. We find a very good match between the direct measurements and inverse model data of HERT within the limits of resolution. Thus, the present work proves the validity and utility of the resistivity survey in identifying the nature of the sub-surface material and its stratification by measuring the core sample resistivity with the help of in-situ DC resistivity meter.
Contamination Assessment of Heavy Metals Associated with an Alteration Area: Demirören Gümüshane, NE Turkey
Authors: Vural Alaaddin 
Published: August 2015

Abstract:
Soil samples collected from Demirören Alteration area, Gümüshane NE Turkey were analyzed for heavy metals by using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry and the contamination level of heavy metals was assessed on the basis of Geoaccumulation Index, Enrichment Factor, Pollution Index and Integrated Pollution Index. The results indicated that, in comparison with background value of upper crust, soil samples in Demirören alteration area have elevated levels of metal concentrations as a whole. High Geoaccumulation Indexes and Enrichment Factors for molybdenum, lead, selenium, bismuth, cadmium and copper in alteration area indicated that there is a considerable amount of especially molybdenum, lead and copper pollution, which mainly originate from alteration in the area.
Zircon U-Pb Age and Geochemical Characteristics of Ore-bearing Granodiorite Porphyry in the Duobuza Porphyry Copper Deposit, Tibet
Authors: Fei Guangchun , Xiong-Zhou  , Ji-Duo  , Yu-Zhou  , Wen Chun-Qi , Quan-Wen  , He Yangyang , Huo Yan , Yang Zhengxi , Zhang Jinshu , Liu Hongfei 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The Duobuza deposit is the first porphyry-type copper deposit discovered with giant prospect in the Bangongco metallogenic belt. Geochemical data indicates that the ore-bearing Duobuza granodiorite porphyry is high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic and peraluminous composition. The ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry is enriched in large-ion lithophile elements(LILE) such as Rb, K, Th, La, Ce and Sr, and depleted in high-field-strength elements(HFSE) such as Nb, Ta, P, and Ti. The rare-earth element (REE) patterns show enrichment in light REEs relative to heavy REEs. The major, rare-earth, and trace elements of the ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry show characteristics of adakites, formed in an island arc setting. The laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) zircon U–Pb age of the ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry is 123.4±1.2 Ma (MSWD = 1.7), which also represents the age of the copper-mineralization. Together with the age data of the early Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the Bangongco–Nujiang suture zone and the middle-northern Gangdese, it indicates that there was bidirectional (northward and southward) subduction of the Bangongco–Nujiang ocean during 120 Ma, and the Duobuza deposit was related to this event.
Epidemiology of Methicillin-SusceptibleStaphylococcus aureusin a Neonatology Ward
Authors: Achermann Yvonne , Seidl Kati , Kuster Stefan P. , Leimer Nadja , Durisch Nina , Ajdler-Schäffler Evelyne , Karrer Stephan , Senn Gabriela , Holzmann-Bürgel Anne , Wolfensberger Aline , Leone Antonio , Arlettaz Romaine , Zinkernagel Annelies S. , Sax Hugo 
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVEIn-hospital transmission of methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA) among neonates remains enigmatic. We describe the epidemiology of MSSA colonization and infection in a 30-bed neonatal ward.DESIGNMultimodal outbreak investigationSETTINGA public 800-bed tertiary care university hospital in SwitzerlandMETHODSInvestigations in 2012–2013, triggered by a MSSA infection cluster, included prospective MSSA infection surveillance, microbiologic screening of neonates and environment, onsite observations, and a prospective cohort study. MSSA isolates were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and selected isolates were examined for multilocus sequence type (MLST) and virulence factors.RESULTSAmong 726 in 2012, 30 (4.1%) patients suffered from MSSA infections including 8 (1.1%) with bacteremia. Among 655 admissions in 2013, 13 (2.0%) suffered from MSSA infections including 2 (0.3%) with bacteremia. Among 177 neonates screened forS. aureuscarriage, overall 77 (44%) tested positive. A predominant PFGE-1-ST30 strain was identified in 6 of 30 infected neonates (20%) and 30 of 77 colonized neonates (39%). This persistent clone waspvl-negative,tst-positive and belonged toagrgroup III. We found no environmental point source. MSSA carriage was associated with central vascular catheter use but not with a particular midwife, nurse, physician, or isolette. Observed healthcare worker behavior may have propagated transmission via hands and fomites. Despite multimodal interventions, clonal transmission and colonization continued and another clone, PFGE-6-ST5, became predominant.CONCLUSIONSHospital-acquired MSSA clones represent a high proportion of MSSA colonization but not MSSA infections in neonate inpatients. In contrast to persisting MSSA, transmission infection rates decreased concurrently with interventions. It remains to be established whether eradication of hospital-acquired MSSA strains would reduce infection rates further.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.2015;36(11):1305–1312
ON MAXIMAL SUBSETS OF PAIRWISE NONCOMMUTING ELEMENTS IN FINITE -GROUPS
Authors: DARAFSHEH M. R. , GHORBANI M. , PRAJAPATI S. K. 
Published: August 2015

A subset $X$ of a finite group $G$ is a set of pairwise noncommuting elements if $xy\neq yx$ for all $x\neq y\in X$. If $|X|\geq |Y|$ for any other subset $Y$ of pairwise noncommuting elements, then $X$ is called a maximal subset of pairwise noncommuting elements and the size of such a set is denoted by ${\it\omega}(G)$. In a recent article by Azad et al. [‘Maximal subsets of pairwise noncommuting elements of some finite $p$-groups’, Bull. Iran. Math. Soc.39(1) (2013), 187–192], the value of ${\it\omega}(G)$ is computed for certain $p$-groups $G$. In the present paper, our aim is to generalise these results and find ${\it\omega}(G)$ for some more $p$-groups of interest.
Anatomy of a submerged archipelago in the Sicilian Channel (central Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: CIVILE DARIO , LODOLO EMANUELE , CAFFAU MAURO , BARADELLO LUCA , BEN-AVRAHAM ZVI 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Sicilian Channel is a broad and shallow shelf which is geologically part of the African Plate. Its NW sector (the Adventure Plateau), where water depths rarely exceed 100 m, is punctuated by several kilometre-sized morphological highs. These elevations, formed by both sedimentary and volcanic rocks, emerged around middle Holocene time or earlier when they constituted a large archipelago. High-resolution single-channel and multichannel seismic reflection profiles, along with stratigraphic and lithological information derived from exploration wells and rock samplings, are analysed to derive the shallow and deep structural setting of these banks and identify their geological nature. The sedimentary banks (Talbot, Ante-Talbot, Panope, Nereo and Pantelleria Vecchia), presently located at water depths 8–40 m, are composed of Miocene rocks severely deformed by a late Miocene compressional phase which produced the external sector of the Sicilian–Maghrebian thrust belt. Tortonian-aged rock samples from the Pantelleria Vecchia Bank represent patch reefs that have mostly formed on structural highs. Sedimentary analogies suggest that other sedimentary banks of the Adventure Plateau may have the same origin. Galatea, Anfitrite and Tetide represent submarine volcanic edifices emplaced on major extensional faults formed during early Pliocene – Quaternary continental rifting of the Sicilian Channel. The present-day morphology of the banks is the result of repeated phases of subaerial exposure and drowning, especially since the Last Glacial Maximum.
The rise and decline inSalmonella entericaserovar Enteritidis outbreaks attributed to egg-containing foods in the United States, 1973–2009
Authors: WRIGHT A. P. , RICHARDSON L. , MAHON B. E. , ROTHENBERG R. , COLE D. J. 
Published: August 2015

SUMMARYSalmonella entericacauses an estimated 1 million domestically acquired foodborne illnesses annually.Salmonella entericaserovar Enteritidis (SE) is among the top three serovars of reported cases ofSalmonella. We examined trends in SE foodborne outbreaks from 1973 to 2009 using Joinpoint and Poisson regression. The annual number of SE outbreaks increased sharply in the 1970s and 1980s but declined significantly after 1990. Over the study period, SE outbreaks were most frequently attributed to foods containing eggs. The average rate of SE outbreaks attributed to egg-containing foods reported by states began to decline significantly after 1990, and the proportion of SE outbreaks attributed to egg-containing foods began declining after 1997. Our results suggest that interventions initiated in the 1990s to decrease SE contamination of shell eggs may have been integral to preventing SE outbreaks.
A meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of dengue virus-specific IgA antibody-based tests for detection of dengue infection
Authors: ALAGARASU K. , WALIMBE A. M. , JADHAV S. M. , DEOSHATWAR A. R. 
Published: August 2015

SUMMARYImmunoglobulin A (IgA)-based tests have been evaluated in different studies for their utility in diagnosing dengue infections. In most of the studies, the results were inconclusive because of a small sample size. Hence, a meta-analysis involving nine studies with 2096 samples was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of IgA-based tests in diagnosing dengue infections. The analysis was conducted using Meta-Disc software. The results revealed that IgA-based tests had an overall sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 73·9%, 95·2%, 66·7, 22·0 and 0·25, respectively. Significant heterogeneity was observed between the studies. The type of test, infection status and day of sample collection influenced the diagnostic accuracy. The IgA-based diagnostic tests showed a greater accuracy when the samples were collected 4 days after onset of symptoms and for secondary infections. The results suggested that IgA-based tests had a moderate level of accuracy and are diagnostic of the disease. However, negative results cannot be used alone for dengue diagnosis. More prospective studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of combinations of antigen-based tests with either IgA or IgM are needed and might be useful for suggesting the best strategy for dengue diagnosis.
Financial literacy, trust and retirement planning
Authors: RICCI ORNELLA , CARATELLI MASSIMO 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe study the complex relationship between financial literacy, retirement planning and trust in financial institutions, using data from the 2010 Bank of Italy Survey on Household Income and Wealth. The impact of financial literacy on retirement planning is a well-established issue in the existing empirical literature; our main contribution is proving that financial knowledge not only impacts retirement planning, but also the decisions of entering a private pension scheme (or devoting the severance pay to a private pension scheme). Adding the consideration of trust poses serious econometric concerns, since both financial literacy and trust in financial institutions are likely to be endogenous and the presence of two endogenous regressors renders the identification of causality very difficult. Our solution is to keep only financial literacy as endogenous and include in our models an exogenous regional indicator of social capital (similar to the one adopted by Guisoet al., 2004), as a proxy for the level of trust between the counterparts of a financial contract in each geographical area. Our main findings show that trust has a positive influence on both the decisions to enter a private pension scheme or to devote the severance pay to a private pension scheme.
Entwicklungsgefährdung bei Jugendlichen mit Alkoholintoxikation prognostizieren
Authors: Schwendemann Hanna , Kuttler Heidi , Bitzer Eva Maria 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Geschätzt ist etwa ein Drittel der Jugendlichen, das aufgrund einer akuten Alkoholintoxikation im Krankenhaus ist, in seiner Entwicklung gefährdet. Es ist jedoch wenig bekannt über Art und Umfang von Entwicklungsgefährdungen (EG) und familialen Schutzfaktoren zum Zeitpunkt der Intoxikation und deren prognostischer Relevanz. Methode: Prospektive, multizentrische Kohortenstudie mit zwei Erhebungszeitpunkten bei alkoholintoxikierten Jugendlichen (12 – 18 Jahren). Erhoben werden im Krankenhaus (T0) Angaben zu Risiko-, Schutzfaktoren und EG (CTC-Survey). Sechs Monate später (T1) werden ausschließlich zwischenzeitlich eingetretene EG erfragt. Mittels multipler logistischer Regression prädizieren wir in den 6 Monaten nach der Entlassung aus dem Krankenhaus eingetretene EG. Ergebnis: Von den n = 228 zu beiden Zeitpunkten erreichten Jugendlichen, weisen 45,2 % zum Zeitpunkt des Krankenhausaufenthaltes zwei und mehr EG (aktuell/ lebenszeitlich) auf. In den 6 Monaten später sind es 22,4 % (nur aktuell). Bei Jugendlichen mit zwei zu T0 bestehenden EG erhöht sich das Risiko für eine mittelfristige starke Gefährdung um das Fünffache (RR: 5,0 95 %-Konfidenzintervall 2,6 – 9,5). Unter Ausschluss von EG aus dem Modell zeigt sich die Wirkung familialer Schutzfaktoren. Schlussfolgerung/Diskussion: EG sind zum Zeitpunkt des Krankenhausaufenthaltes verbreitet und erhöhen die Wahrscheinlichkeit für mittelfristig eintretende Gefährdungen.
Seismic monitoring in the oceans by autonomous floats
Authors: Sukhovich Alexey , Bonnieux Sébastien , Hello Yann , Irisson Jean-Olivier , Simons Frederik J. , Nolet Guust 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOur understanding of the internal dynamics of the Earth is largely based on images of seismic velocity variations in the mantle obtained with global tomography. However, our ability to image the mantle is severely hampered by a lack of seismic data collected in marine areas. Here we report observations made under different noise conditions (in the Mediterranean Sea, the Indian and Pacific Oceans) by a submarine floating seismograph, and show that such floats are able to fill the oceanic data gap. Depending on the ambient noise level, the floats can record between 35 and 63% of distant earthquakes with a moment magnitude M≥6.5. Even magnitudes <6.0 can be successfully observed under favourable noise conditions. The serendipitous recording of an earthquake swarm near the Indian Ocean triple junction enabled us to establish a threshold magnitude between 2.7 and 3.4 for local earthquakes in the noisiest of the three environments.
A Magnetic Wormhole
Authors: Prat-Camps Jordi , Navau Carles , Sanchez Alvaro 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWormholes are fascinating cosmological objects that can connect two distant regions of the universe. Because of their intriguing nature, constructing a wormhole in a lab seems a formidable task. A theoretical proposal by Greenleafet al.presented a strategy to build a wormhole for electromagnetic waves. Based on metamaterials, it could allow electromagnetic wave propagation between two points in space through an invisible tunnel. However, an actual realization has not been possible until now. Here we construct and experimentally demonstrate a magnetostatic wormhole. Using magnetic metamaterials and metasurfaces, our wormhole transfers the magnetic field from one point in space to another through a path that is magnetically undetectable. We experimentally show that the magnetic field from a source at one end of the wormhole appears at the other end as an isolated magnetic monopolar field, creating the illusion of a magnetic field propagating through a tunnel outside the 3D space. Practical applications of the results can be envisaged, including medical techniques based on magnetism.
Terahertz detectors arrays based on orderly aligned InN nanowires
Authors: Chen Xuechen , Liu Huiqiang , Li Qiuguo , Chen Hao , Peng Rufang , Chu Sheng , Cheng Binbin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNanostructured terahertz detectors employing a single semiconducting nanowire or graphene sheet have recently generated considerable interest as an alternative to existing THz technologies, for their merit on the ease of fabrication and above-room-temperature operation. However, the lack of alignment in nanostructure device hindered their potential toward practical applications. The present work reports ordered terahertz detectors arrays based on neatly aligned InN nanowires. The InN nanostructures (nanowires and nano-necklaces) were achieved by chemical vapor deposition growth and then InN nanowires were successfully transferred and aligned into micrometer-sized groups by a “transfer-printing” method. Field effect transistors on aligned nanowires were fabricated and tested for terahertz detection purpose. The detector showed good photoresponse as well as low noise level. Besides, dense arrays of such detectors were also fabricated, which rendered a peak responsivity of 1.1 V/W from 7 detectors connected in series.
The Multiple DSF-family QS Signals are Synthesized from Carbohydrate and Branched-chain Amino Acids via the FAS Elongation Cycle
Authors: Zhou Lian , Yu Yonghong , Chen Xiping , Diab Abdelgader Abdeen , Ruan Lifang , He Jin , Wang Haihong , He Ya-Wen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMembers of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family are a novel class of quorum sensing (QS) signals in diverse Gram-negative bacteria. Although previous studies have identified RpfF as a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of DSF family signals, many questions in their biosynthesis remain to be addressed. In this study with the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), we show that Xcc produces four DSF-family signals (DSF, BDSF, CDSF and IDSF) during cell culture and that IDSF is a new functional signal characterized as cis-10-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid. Using a range of defined media, we further demonstrate that Xcc mainly produces BDSF in the presence of carbohydrates; leucine and valine are the primary precursor for DSF biosynthesis; isoleucine is the primary precursor for IDSF biosynthesis. Furthermore, our biochemical analyses show that the key DSF synthase RpfF has both thioesterase and dehydratase activities and uses 3-hydroxydedecanoyl-ACP as a substrate to produce BDSF. Finally, our results show that the classic fatty acid synthesis elongation cycle is required for the biosynthesis of DSF-family signals. Taken all together, these findings establish a general biosynthetic pathway for the DSF-family quorum sensing signals.