bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The immune landscape in apical periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy
Authors: Wen Yuan‐Hao , Lin Yu‐Xiu , Zhou Lu , Lin Chen , Zhang Lu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractApical periodontitis (AP) is featured by a persistent inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption initiated by microorganisms, posing risks to both dental and systemic health. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment is the recommended treatment plan for AP with a high success rate, but in some cases, periapical lesions may persist despite standard endodontic treatment. Better comprehension of the AP inflammatory microenvironment can help develop adjunct therapies to improve the outcome of endodontic treatment. This review presents an overview of the immune landscape in AP, elucidating how microbial invasion triggers host immune activation and shapes the inflammatory microenvironment, ultimately impacting bone homeostasis. The destructive effect of excessive immune activation on periapical tissues is emphasized. This review aimed to systematically discuss the immunological basis of AP, the inflammatory bone resorption and the immune cell network in AP, thereby providing insights into potential immunotherapeutic strategies such as targeted therapy, antioxidant therapy, adoptive cell therapy and cytokine therapy to mitigate AP‐associated tissue destruction.
Current surgical management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease
Authors: Barnes Hayley , Niewodowski Daniel , Doi Atsuo , Marasco Silvana , Joseph Tim , Siemienowicz Miranda , Keating Dominic , Yo Shaun , Kaye David , Williams Trevor , McGiffin David , Whitford Helen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) with or without pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an important potential consequence of venous thromboembolic disease. Untreated CTEPD with pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Several treatment options are now available for patients with CTEPD and CTEPH, including pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), balloon pulmonary angioplasty, medical therapy or a combination of therapies. Choice of treatment depends on the location of the thromboembolic disease burden, presence and severity of PH and patient factors, including frailty, parenchymal lung disease and other comorbidities. PEA is a complex surgery that can result in excellent outcomes and resolution of disease, but also comes with the risk of serious perioperative complications. This manuscript examines the history of PEA and its place in Australasia, and reports on outcomes from the main Australasian CTEPH expert centre. It provides a summary of up‐to‐date guidance on how PEA should be utilised in the overall management of these patients and describes opportunities and challenges for the future diagnosis and management of this disease, particularly in the Australasian setting.
Electronic word‐of‐mouth and Indian solo female travellers’ hotel booking intention: Moderating role of perceived risk
Authors: Islam Md. Tariqul , Pandey Uma , Kumar Jeetesh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe female solo travel trend is getting very popular globally, but females often face challenges related to their safety and security during their travel. The current study aims to identify the association among electronic word‐of‐mouth (e‐WoM), brand reputation, brand engagement, attitude towards the brand and Indian solo female travellers’ hotel booking intention with the moderating role of perceived risk by incorporating the Stimulus‐Organism‐Response (S‐O‐R) theory. A survey was conducted with 218 Indian solo female travellers to meet the study's objectives. Findings revealed that e‐WoM positively impacts the hotel brand reputation, brand engagement, attitude of respondents towards the hotel brand and hotel booking intention. Moreover, brand reputation and brand engagement influence the hotel booking intention. However, no association is found between attitude towards hotel brands and hotel booking intention. Perceived risk moderates the association between e‐WoM and Indian solo female travellers’ hotel booking intention. In addition, theoretically, a research framework is developed by extending the S‐O‐R theory with perceived risk as a moderating factor. Moreover, this study contributes numerous practical implications for the stakeholders of the Indian hospitality industry.
Analysis of therapeutic effect of silver‐based dressings on chronic wound healing
Authors: Liang Kaitao , Liu Yan , Jiang Fengting 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChronic wounds are susceptible to bacterial infections and at high risk of developing antibiotic‐resistant bacterial infections. Silver is an antimicrobial by targeting almost all types of bacteria in chronic wounds to reduce the bacterial load in the infected area and further facilitate the healing process. This study focused on exploring whether silver‐based dressings were superior to non‐silver dressings in the treatment of chronic wounds. PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were comprehensively searched from inception to March 2024 for randomized clinical trials and observational studies. The endpoints in terms of wound healing rate, complete healing time, reduction on wound surface area and wound infection rate were analysed using Review Manager 5.4 software. A total of 15 studies involving 5046 patients were eventually included. The results showed that compared with patients provided with non‐silver dressings, patients provided with silver‐based dressings had higher wound healing rate (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.10–1.85, p = 0.008), shorter complete healing time (MD: −0.96, 95% CI: −1.08 ~ −0.85, p < 0.00001) and lower wound infection rate (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.40–0.79, p = 0.001); no significant difference in the reduction on wound surface area (MD: 12.41, 95% CI: −19.59–44.40, p = 0.45) was found. These findings suggested that the silver‐based dressings were able to enhance chronic wound healing rate, shorten the complete healing time and reduce wound infection rate, but had no significant improvement in the reduction on wound surface area. Large‐scale and rigorous studies are required to confirm the beneficial effects of silver‐based dressings on chronic wound healing.
Predicting potential microbe–disease associations based on dual branch graph convolutional network
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhu Yongjun , Yuan Qun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStudying the association between microbes and diseases not only aids in the prevention and diagnosis of diseases, but also provides crucial theoretical support for new drug development and personalized treatment. Due to the time‐consuming and costly nature of laboratory‐based biological tests to confirm the relationship between microbes and diseases, there is an urgent need for innovative computational frameworks to anticipate new associations between microbes and diseases. Here, we propose a novel computational approach based on a dual branch graph convolutional network (GCN) module, abbreviated as DBGCNMDA, for identifying microbe–disease associations. First, DBGCNMDA calculates the similarity matrix of diseases and microbes by integrating functional similarity and Gaussian association spectrum kernel (GAPK) similarity. Then, semantic information from different biological networks is extracted by two GCN modules from different perspectives. Finally, the scores of microbe–disease associations are predicted based on the extracted features. The main innovation of this method lies in the use of two types of information for microbe/disease similarity assessment. Additionally, we extend the disease nodes to address the issue of insufficient features due to low data dimensionality. We optimize the connectivity between the homogeneous entities using random walk with restart (RWR), and then use the optimized similarity matrix as the initial feature matrix. In terms of network understanding, we design a dual branch GCN module, namely GlobalGCN and LocalGCN, to fine‐tune node representations by introducing side information, including homologous neighbour nodes. We evaluate the accuracy of the DBGCNMDA model using five‐fold cross‐validation (5‐fold‐CV) technique. The results show that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and area under the precision versus recall curve (AUPR) of the DBGCNMDA model in the 5‐fold‐CV are 0.9559 and 0.9630, respectively. The results from the case studies using published experimental data confirm a significant number of predicted associations, indicating that DBGCNMDA is an effective tool for predicting potential microbe–disease associations.
An evaluation of legislation designed to improve airline pilots' safety and performance
Authors: Rupp Nicholas G. , Tan Kerry M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHouse of representatives (H.R.) 5900, which was passed by Congress in July 2010, legislated more restrictive pilot rest requirements and increased the number of pilot training hours required to obtain an airline transport pilot license. This paper examines the effect that raising the occupational licensing standards has had on airline service quality. A priori, the effect is ambiguous since putting in place more restrictive licensing requirements reduces the available pool of replacement pilots and may cause airline pilots to behave opportunistically and put forth less effort, which suggests a detriment to on‐time performance. On the other hand, well‐rested and more experienced pilots may provide enhanced productivity leading to improved on‐time performance. Our event study analysis surrounding the effective date of H.R. 5900 (August 2013) shows an increase in traditional delays in the short run amid an ongoing pilot shortage, while extended delays were also exacerbated in the short run as a result of binding work schedule restrictions.
Life cycle strategies in free‐living unicellular eukaryotes: Diversity, evolution, and current molecular tools to unravel the private life of microorganisms
Authors: Rizos Iris , Frada Miguel J. , Bittner Lucie , Not Fabrice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn astonishing range of morphologies and life strategies has arisen across the vast diversity of protists, allowing them to thrive in most environments. In model protists, like Tetrahymena, Dictyostelium, or Trypanosoma, life cycles involving multiple life stages with different morphologies have been well characterized. In contrast, knowledge of the life cycles of free‐living protists, which primarily consist of uncultivated environmental lineages, remains largely fragmentary. Various life stages and lineage‐specific cellular innovations have been observed in the field for uncultivated protists, but such innovations generally lack functional characterization and have unknown physiological and ecological roles. In the actual state of knowledge, evidence of sexual processes is confirmed for 20% of free‐living protist lineages. Nevertheless, at the onset of eukaryotic diversification, common molecular trends emerged to promote genetic recombination, establishing sex as an inherent feature of protists. Here, we review protist life cycles from the viewpoint of life cycle transitions and genetics across major eukaryotic lineages. We focus on the scarcely observed sexual cycle of free‐living protists, summarizing evidence for its existence and describing key genes governing its progression, as well as, current methods for studying the genetics of sexual cycles in both cultivable and uncultivated protist groups.
Optimization of extraction of liquid extract from microalgae Chlorella vulgaris via cavitation‐based techniques
Authors: Jamshidi‐Kia Fatemeh , Saeidi Keramatolah , Lorigooini Zahra , Samani Bahram Hosseinzadeh , Barzegar Rahim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMicroalgae are a high‐potential source of biomolecules. Therefore, extracting bioactive components from microalgae with efficient and green extraction techniques is an important objective in many research. Cavitation‐based extraction is gaining widespread attention as an environmentally friendly method due to its reduced energy and solvent consumption, enhanced extraction yield, improved extract quality, and reduced extraction time to extract bioactive products. This study aims to examine and optimize the extraction method for bioactive products from Chlorella vulgaris using Cavitation‐based techniques compared with the traditional method to enhance the efficiency of extracting liquid extract. This experiment examined the extraction of bioactive components using various extraction methods, including Maceration, ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) (2–8 min) and hydrodynamic cavitation extraction (HCE) (1–5 min) was investigated regarding the extract's minerals, vitamins, amino acids, phytohormones, and total carbohydrates. The experimental design followed a response surface methodology to assess the effects of ultrasound‐assisted and hydrodynamic cavitation extraction of liquid extract. The optimum time for maximum content of bioactive components using UAE and HCE was obtained at 7.87 and 1.76 min, respectively. This study showed that in comparing the three methods, Maceration (ME), UAE, and HCE, the UAC method was more useful and had a shorter extraction time compared with the ME and HCE methods for extracting bioactive products from C. vulgaris. Also HCE was more useful compared with the ME method. These results demonstrate that the cavitation‐based extraction methods are more effective and efficient than traditional extraction methods.Practical applications
Extract of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris is a high‐potential source of bioactive compounds.
Ultrasonic is one of the most effective techniques for the extraction of bioactive compounds of microalgae.
The Hydrodynamic cavitation technology can be considered a green technology for large‐scale extraction of bioactive compounds of microalgae.
The cavitation‐based extraction methods are more efficient than traditional extraction methods.
Optimization of the extraction techniques can promote reductions in cost and time.
Can digital leadership transform AI anxiety and attitude in nurses?
Authors: Tarsuslu Sinan , Agaoglu Ferhat Onur , Bas Murat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe lack of artificial intelligence applications in nursing education and the nursing profession in Turkey and the need for strategies for integrating artificial intelligence into the nursing profession continues. At this point, there is a need to transform the negative attitudes and anxiety that may occur in nurses.ObjectivesIt was aimed to reorganize the professional transformation in this parallel by analyzing the effect of digital leadership perception, which is explained as how nurses approach digital technologies and innovations and their awareness of how and with which methods they can use these technologies on artificial intelligence anxiety and attitude in the nursing profession.DesignThe study was designed as descriptive, correlational, and cross‐sectional.ParticipantsThe research was conducted by reaching 439 nurses working in hospitals operating in three different regions of Turkey by simple random sampling method.MethodsIn the first part of the data collection tool used in this study, digital leadership scale, artificial intelligence use anxiety, and artificial intelligence attitude scales were used, including questions determining the demographic information of nurses, their relationship with technology, artificial intelligence usage status and its importance in the profession.ResultsIt was determined that 29.8% of the nurses had a good relationship with technology, 66.3% knew about using artificial intelligence in health, and 27.3% wanted it to be more involved in their lives. It was determined that nurses' perceptions of digital leadership were at a medium level of 46.9% and a high level of 41.7%, 82.7% had a positive attitude towards artificial intelligence, and 82.7% had low or medium level anxiety when their artificial intelligence anxiety status was examined. There was a significant and negative relationship between digital leadership and AI anxiety (r = −0.434; p < 0.01), a significant and positive relationship between digital leadership and AI attitude (r = 0.468; p < 0.01), and a significant and negative relationship between AI attitude and AI anxiety (r = −0.629; p < 0.01). Finally, it was determined that nurses' perception of digital leadership indirectly affected AI anxiety through AI attitude (β = −0.230, 95% CI [−0.298, −0.165]).ConclusionIt is suggested that the anxiety and attitude towards artificial intelligence can be transformed positively with the effect of digital leadership, and in this parallel, the digital leadership phenomenon should be evaluated as a practical implementation strategy in integrating artificial intelligence into the nursing profession.Clinical RelevanceOur study showed that artificial intelligence attitude has a mediating role in the indirect effect of the perception of digital leadership in nursing on AI anxiety. It was determined that nurses' digital leadership perception, artificial intelligence anxiety, and artificial intelligence attitude differed significantly with demographic variables.
Maize insensitivity to culture filtrates from Exserohilum turcicum is related to quantitative resistance
Authors: Muñoz‐Zavala Carlos , Goodwin Paul H. , Leyva‐Mir Santos G. , Loladze Alexander , Vargas‐Hernández Mateo , García‐León Elizabeth , Tovar‐Pedraza Juan M. , San Vicente‐García Félix M. , Alakonya Amos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTurcicum leaf blight (TLB) of maize is caused by Exserohilum turcicum. The TLB resistance is mainly associated with qualitative race‐specific resistance that is linked to several Ht genes namely Ht1, Ht2, Ht3, HtM, HtN, HtNB and HtP. However, quantitative TLB resistance also occurs, but its mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, tolerance or insensitivity to chlorosis and necrosis of E. turcicum culture filtrate was associated with quantitative TLB resistance. A novel detached maize seedling assay was developed for E. turcicum culture filtrate using methanol‐treated modified Fries medium. Screening of E. turcicum isolates of races 2, 3, 23, 3 N, 23 N and 123 N against 61 maize inbred lines with diverse levels of resistance to TLB was conducted in the greenhouse by fungal inoculation and the detached seedling culture filtrate assay. Using an isolate of race 123 N, which can overcome all the qualitative resistance genes, a simple linear regression model (R2 = 0.68, p = .90) for the 61 inbred lines was established between disease severity from foliar inoculations and culture filtrate symptom rating of the detached seedling assay. Two maize lines CML474 and CML483 had relatively high culture filtrate symptom ratings but very low disease severity with foliar inoculation indicating that these sources of quantitative TLB resistance may be unrelated to tolerance to E. turcicum culture filtrates, whose effect on seedlings could be due to the toxin known as HT‐toxin or monocerin.
Effects of Landmark Availability on Japanese Speakers' Preferences for Spatial Frames of Reference
Authors: Zheng Xiaolin , Sugimura Shinichiro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing an appropriate spatial frame of reference (FoR) is crucial for solving spatial and communication problems. This study investigated the development of FoR preferences and the effects of landmark availability on these preferences. The participants were Japanese‐speaking children (aged 4–6 years) and adults, who were instructed to remember a row of three animals presented on a table, move to another table behind them, and reconstruct the array. Landmark availability was manipulated by varying the distance between the two tables. The results revealed that both children and adults tended to use an egocentric FoR, which increased with age. The frequency of an allocentric FoR was greater in the short‐distance condition, which had more available landmarks, than in the long‐distance condition. Regarding children's FoR, the availability of landmarks should be considered, rather than adopting the stereotypical view that children prefer an FoR that corresponds to their language.
Intracardiac ultrasound‐guided transseptal puncture in horses: Outcome, follow‐up, and perioperative anticoagulant treatment
Authors: Vernemmen Ingrid , Buschmann Eva , Van Steenkiste Glenn , Demeyere Marie , Verhaeghe Lize‐Maria , De Somer Filip , Devreese Katrien M. J. , Schauvliege Stijn , Decloedt Annelies , van Loon Gunther 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiac catheterizations in horses are mainly performed in the right heart, as access to the left heart traditionally requires an arterial approach. Transseptal puncture (TSP) has been adapted for horses but data on follow‐up and closure of the iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD) are lacking.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo perform TSP and assess postoperative complications and iASD closure over a minimum of 4 weeks.AnimalsEleven healthy adult horses.MethodsTransseptal puncture was performed under general anesthesia. Serum cardiac troponin I concentrations were measured before and after puncture. Weekly, iASD closure was monitored using transthoracic and intracardiac echocardiography. Relationship between activated clotting time and anti‐factor Xa activity during postoperative enoxaparin treatment was assessed in vitro and in vivo.ResultsTransseptal puncture was successfully achieved in all horses within a median duration of 22 (range, 10‐104) minutes. Balloon dilatation of the puncture site for sheath advancement was needed in 4 horses. Atrial arrhythmias occurred in 9/11 horses, including atrial premature depolarizations (N = 1), atrial tachycardia (N = 5), and fibrillation (N = 3). Serum cardiac troponin I concentrations increased after TSP, but remained under the reference value in 10/11 horses. Median time to iASD closure was 14 (1‐35) days. Activated clotting time correlated with anti‐factor Xa activity in vitro but not in vivo.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceTransseptal puncture was successfully performed in all horses. The technique was safe and spontaneous iASD closure occurred in all horses. Clinical application of TSP will allow characterization and treatment of left‐sided arrhythmias in horses.
Relationship between missed nursing care and patients' trust in nurses and satisfaction with care: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Karadaş Ayşe , Ergün Sibel , Kaynak Serap 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMissed nursing care is a global health problem that can have negative consequences for patients, nurses, and healthcare institutions. The purpose of the research is to determine the relationship of missed nursing care with patients' trust in nurses and satisfaction with care. A descriptive and cross‐sectional study was conducted with 350 patients treated at the cardiology clinic of a university hospital. Data were collected using the MISSCARE Survey‐Patient, the Trust in Nurses Scale (TNS), and the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scale (NSNS). There was a strong positive relationship between trust in nursing and satisfaction with care. Additionally, missed care in communication and basic care had a negative relationship with trust in nursing and satisfaction with care (p < 0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the communication subscale score was the best negative predictor of trust in nurses and satisfaction with care. The results of this research indicate a deficiency in adequately addressing all nursing care activities. The failure to meet nurse–patient communication needs is the most important missed care factor that negatively affects satisfaction with care and trust in nurses.