bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet‐Rich Fibrin With 1% Metformin for the Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Pradeep A.R. , Nagpal Kanika , Karvekar Shruti , Patnaik Kaushik , Naik Savitha B. , Guruprasad C.N. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) is a second‐generation platelet concentrate that releases various growth factors that promote tissue regeneration. Metformin (MF), a member of the biguanide group, has been shown to facilitate osteoblast differentiation and thus may exhibit a favorable effect on alveolar bone. The current study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of open‐flap debridement (OFD) combined with PRF, 1% MF gel, and PRF + 1% MF gel in the treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP).Methods: One hundred twenty patients with single defects were categorized into four treatment groups: OFD alone, OFD with PRF, OFD with 1% MF, and OFD with PRF plus 1% MF. Clinical parameters such as site‐specific plaque index (PI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), relative attachment level (RAL), and gingival marginal level (GML) were recorded at baseline (before surgery) and 9 months postoperatively. Percentage radiographic IBD depth reduction was evaluated using computer‐aided software at baseline and 9 months.Results: PRF, 1% MF, and PRF + 1% MF groups showed significantly more PD reduction and RAL gain than the OFD‐only group. Mean PD reduction and mean RAL gain were found to be greater in the PRF + 1% MF group compared to just PRF or MF at 9 months. Furthermore, PRF + 1% MF group sites showed a significantly greater percentage of radiographic defect depth reduction (52.65% ± 0.031%) compared to MF (48.69% ± 0.026%), PRF (48% ± 0.029%), and OFD alone (9.14% ± 0.04%) at 9 months.Conclusion: The PRF + 1% MF group showed greater improvements in clinical parameters, with greater percentage radiographic defect depth reduction compared to MF, PRF, or OFD alone in treatment of IBDs in patients with CP.
Failure of Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Secondary to New Onset of Paget Disease
Authors: Amundsen Spencer , Koenig Karl , Goodwin Douglas , Memoli Vincent 
Published: March 2015

Case:
Paget disease of bone occurs in 3% to 4% of the population over fifty years of age, more often in men than in women. There is no known genetic basis for the disease, which is often diagnosed via incidental radiographic findings. We present a seventy-seven-year-old man with new-onset Paget disease after total hip arthroplasty, leading to loosening of the femoral stem and necessitating revision.

Conclusion:
This case emphasizes the need for thoughtful evaluation of patients with failed arthroplasty and proposes steps for an appropriate workup prior to revision surgery.
Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infection of the Thumb
Authors: Bohm Kyle , Ward Christina M. 
Published: March 2015

Case:
We present the case of a fifty-three-year-old man who presented with a necrotizing soft-tissue infection (NSTI) of the thumb, which tracked along the flexor pollicis longus tendon into the space of Parona. In this case report, we review the clinical and laboratory findings diagnostic of NSTI as well as the appropriate initial treatment for this challenging problem.

Conclusion:
NSTI is a rare, life-threatening condition that must be identified and treated promptly for optimal results. In our patient, although we amputated the necrotic thumb, we were able to salvage the remaining hand and wrist despite more proximal involvement.
Nitrate Leaching, Turf Quality, and Growth Rate of ‘Floratam’ St. Augustinegrass and Common Centipedegrass
Authors: Telenko Darcy E. P. , Shaddox Travis W. , Unruh J. Bryan , Trenholm Laurie E. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTTurf fertilization in Florida continues to be viewed as contributing to nonpoint‐source pollution of ground water. Continued research is needed to validate existing best management practices (BMPs). The objectives of this research were to evaluate nitrate‐N (NO3–N) leaching, turf quality, and turf growth rate from N sources applied to ‘Floratam’ St. Augustine grass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] and common centipede grass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.]. Research was conducted in Jay, FL, from 2008 to 2011. Nitrogen was applied in 60‐d cycles at 48 kg ha−1 as ammonium nitrate, urea, 30% slow‐release N (SRN), 50% SRN, polymer‐coated urea (PCU), and biosolid (BS) and in 120‐d cycles at 98 kg ha−1 as PCU. Nitrogen leaching was greatest during the first 6 mo following turf sodding for both species with 21.6 and 10.1 kg ha−1 leached from St. Augustinegrass and centipedegrass, respectively. Following sodding, no differences in N leached between turfgrasses were observed until 2010 when winterkill and large patch (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) were observed on St. Augustinegrass. Turf quality of control plots was above acceptable levels in 2008 but was unacceptable by 2011. Each N source produced acceptable centipedegrass with few differences among N sources. A blend of 50% ammonium sulfate and 50% PCU resulted in higher growth rates and turf quality of St. Augustinegrass than other N sources in most years. Recommending N applications to newly sodded turf may not be necessary due to the risk of leaching during establishment.
Do False Financial Statements Distort Peer Firms' Decisions?
Authors: Li Valerie 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Beatty, Liao, and Wu (2013) document that financial misreporting by prominent firms distorts peer firms' capital investment decisions. Using a large sample of firms subject to SEC and DOJ enforcement actions for accounting misstatements, I establish three important generalizations. First, the adverse effect of financial misstatements documented by Beatty et al. (2013) is not limited to high-profile scandals and can be generalized to a larger population. Second, the distortions are not confined to capital investments; they also extend to choices peer firms make with respect to R&D, advertising, and pricing policies—decisions with immediate bottom-line impact. Third, I document that the magnitude of the distortion varies predictably with peer firms' characteristics, the misstating firms' external information environment, and the industry-specific information environment within which the misstatement occurs. Specifically, I find smaller distortions for larger peers and peers managed by more able managers, and larger distortions for more widely followed misstating firms and in the industries in which more firms misstate. Collectively, my results suggest that the distortive effect of financial misstatements is larger and more pervasive than documented in prior research.
Increased Durability of Resin-Dentin Bonds Following Cross-Linking Treatment
Authors: Scheffel DLS , Delgado CC , Soares DG , Basso FG , de Souza Costa CA , Pashley DH , Hebling J 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYObjectives: This study evaluated the long-term effect of carbodiimide treatments of acid-etched dentin on resin-dentin bond strength of a simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive system.Methods: Forty-eight sound third molars were divided into three groups (n=16) according to the dentin treatment: G1: deionized water; G2: 0.5 mol/L 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) applied for 30 seconds; and G3: 0.5 mol/L EDC applied for 60 seconds. Flat dentin surfaces were produced, etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, and then treated with deionized water for 60 seconds or with 0.5 mol/L EDC for 30 or 60 seconds prior to the application of Single Bond 2. Crowns were restored with resin composite, and beam specimens were prepared for microtensile testing. The beams from each group were tested 24 hours or 6 or 12 months after the adhesive procedures. One slab from each tooth was prepared and analyzed for nanoleakage. Bond strength (MPa) data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05).Results: The treatment of dentin with 0.5 mol/L EDC for 30 seconds (24.1±6.2 MPa) and 60 seconds (25.5±5.1 MPa) did not negatively affect the immediate bond strength of Single Bond 2 when compared to the control group (24.6±7.3 MPa). Additionally, EDC prevented resin-dentin bond degradation after 12 months in artificial saliva for both periods of treatment. An increased accumulation of silver ions was seen for the control group over time, while a much lower amount of silver grains was observed for the EDC-treated groups.Conclusions: 0.5 mol/L EDC was able to prevent resin-dentin bond degradation after 12 months, especially when applied for 60 seconds.
The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration on the Bond Strength and Morphology of the Surface and Interface of Glass Ceramics to a Resin Cement
Authors: Sundfeld Neto D , Naves LZ , Costa AR , Correr AB , Consani S , Borges GA , Correr-Sobrinho L 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARY
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of various concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) on the surface/interface morphology and μ–shear bond strength (μSBS) between IPS Empress Esthetic (EST) (Ivoclar Vivadent) and IPS e.max Press (EMX) (Ivoclar Vivadent) ceramics and resin cement. Ceramic blocks were divided into 12 groups for each kind of ceramic. Six different HF concentrations were evaluated: 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15%. All groups were silanated after etching, and half of the specimens within each group received a thin layer of unfilled resin (UR). Three resin cement cylinders were prepared on each ceramic block for μSBS testing. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The μSBS test was carried out in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. The data were submitted to three-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (p&lt;0.05). The etched surfaces and bonded interfaces were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. μSBS means (MPa) for 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15% HF concentrations were, respectively, 25.2, 27.2, 30.1, 31.4, 33.3, and 31.8. μSBS means with or without UR application measured 32.24 and 27.4, respectively; EST and EMX measured 29.8 and 29.9, respectively. For the HF concentrations, 10% and 15% showed higher μSBS means than did 1% and 2.5% (p&lt;0.05); 7.5% was higher than 1% (p&lt;0.05); and no statistical differences were found among the other concentrations (p&gt;0.05). When evaluating UR, μSBS mean was significantly higher and better infiltration was observed on the etched surfaces. No statistical difference was found between the ceramics. The HF concentration and UR influenced the bond strength and surface/interface morphology.
Retention of Root Canal Posts: Effect of Cement Film Thickness, Luting Cement, and Post Pretreatment
Authors: Sahafi A , Benetti AR , Flury S , Peutzfeldt A 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the cement film thickness of a zinc phosphate or a resin cement on retention of untreated and pretreated root canal posts. Prefabricated zirconia posts (CosmoPost: 1.4 mm) and two types of luting cements (a zinc phosphate cement [DeTrey Zinc] and a self-etch adhesive resin cement [Panavia F2.0]) were used. After removal of the crowns of 360 extracted premolars, canines, or incisors, the root canals were prepared with a parallel-sided drill system to three different final diameters. Half the posts did not receive any pretreatment. The other half received tribochemical silicate coating according to the manufacturer's instructions. Posts were then luted in the prepared root canals (n=30 per group). Following water storage at 37°C for seven days, retention of the posts was determined by the pull-out method. Irrespective of the luting cement, pretreatment with tribochemical silicate coating significantly increased retention of the posts. Increased cement film thickness resulted in decreased retention of untreated posts and of pretreated posts luted with zinc phosphate cement. Increased cement film thickness had no influence on retention of pretreated posts luted with resin cement. Thus, retention of the posts was influenced by the type of luting cement, by the cement film thickness, and by the post pretreatment.
Melampyrum Cristatum L. – A Rare River Corridor Plant in Wielkopolska and Poland
Authors: Stachnowicz Wojciech 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Melampyrum cristatum is an extremely rare, native, hemi-parasitic, vascular plant, recently considered to be extinct in Poland. The article presents data concerning new localities of the species recorded in 2007-2012 in the valley of the River Warta (Wielkopolska, Poland). Local distribution of M. cristatum in the Natura 2000 sites: PLH300012 - Rogalińska Dolina Warty (ca. 147.5 sq. km) and PLH300053 - Lasy Żerkowsko-Czeszewskie (ca. 71.6 sq. km), as well as its updated regional (in Wielkopolska) and national (Poland) ranges are shown on maps and interpreted on the background of the geomorphic diversity of occupied habitats. The results suggest that in Poland the species is distributed mainly along valleys of large, lowland rivers, which corresponds with its ‘River Corridor Plant’ status in Central Europe. The species rarity is discussed considering its outline phytocoenological scale (comprising various plant communities within 6 syntaxonomical classes), the riverine distribution pattern and chosen biological features. Natural habitat heterogeneity along with changeable water regime in floodplains, as well as potential limitations of myrmecochoric seed dispersal, may constitute potential reasons for the species low frequency
Berberis karnaliensis Bh. Adhikari (Berberidaceae): a new addition to the Flora of India
Authors: Tiwari Umeshkumar L. , Rawat Gopal Singh , Adhikari Bhupendra Singh 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Berberis karnaliensis Bh. Adhikari, a recently described species was recorded for the first time from the Indian territory. Hence, it is being reported herewith as an addition to the Flora of India. The species differs from its closely related taxon viz. Berberis jaeschkeana Schneid. var. usteriana Schneid. in having coriaceous leaves and 5-6 primary veins on each side of the midrib. Detailed information on taxonomy, morphology, habitat, ecology and distribution of B. karnaliensis as well as photographs and illustrations are provided here for the species identification.
Small-scale spatial analysis of river corridor plants distribution in the San River valley (SE Poland)
Authors: Krawczyk Rafał 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Spatial distribution and habitat preferences of 55 river corridor plant species were analyzed on a local scale in the valley of a medium-size regulated river. The analysis was based on the results of a detailed mapping on a 50 km-long section of the Lower San River valley (366 cartogram cells of 1 square km). Selected species were divided into two groups: (1) strictly and (2) loosely confined to river corridors. River corridor plants were found throughout the valley (river channel, active and historical floodplain, older terraces, slopes); however, their frequency was diverse in particular areas. The highest concentrations were observed on the floodplain. Their number decreased towards the border areas of the valley. Species which were less confined to rivers were found more frequently in the valley (one species occupied, on average, 12.9% of grid cells), than plants strictly confined to the river system (one species occupied, on average, 5.9% of grid cells); however, the ranges of species of the second group were more restricted to the Holocene part of the valley, especially to the floodplain. River corridor plants were, ecologically, a highly diversified group. In the San river valley, they were found in riparian forests, pioneer ephemeral communities on the banks of water bodies, dry grasslands, meadows and old river beds; a lot of them grew in ruderal habitats.
Ergasiophytes of the Ukrainian flora
Authors: Protopopova Vira V. , Shevera Myroslav V. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The results of an investigation of the ergasiophytes (species deliberately introduced to a region for cultivation) of the Ukraine (458 species) are presented. The systematic, life forms and morphological types of plants with respect to soil moisture spectras, origin and degree of naturalisation of species of thіs group are analyzed. A annotated list of ergasiophytes is provided
The association Geranio phaei-Urticetum dioicae Hadač et al. (1969) in Central Pomerania
Authors: Sobisz Zbigniew 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Geranio phaei-Urticetum dioicae, a poorly known association of nitrophilous outskirts communities was characterized based on 16 phytosociological relevés. Its ecological requirements and distribution in Pomerania and Poland are presented. A new subassociations of the Geranio phaei-Urticetum dioicae allietosum ursini have been distinguished on the basis of differing species composition. Edaphic and phytocenotic conditions of the population were specified. Association is found in mineral soil of acid reaction abundant with nitrogen and phosphorus, and as to its quantity it belongs to less numerous ones at Pomerania.
Estimating the Short Rate from the Term Structures in the Vasicek Model
Authors: Halgašová Jana , Stehlíková Beáta , Bučková Zuzana 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In short rate models, bond prices and term structures of interest rates are determined by the parameters of the model and the current level of the instantaneous interest rate (so called short rate). The instantaneous interest rate can be approximated by the market overnight, which, however, can be influenced by speculations on the market. The aim of this paper is to propose a calibration method, where we consider the short rate to be a variable unobservable on the market and estimate it together with the model parameters for the case of the Vasicek model
Clustering of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Symptomatology Reveals Novel Associations with Objective Clinical and Demographic Characteristics
Authors: Sedaghat Ahmad R. , Gray Stacey T. , Caradonna Scott D. , Caradonna David S. 
Published: March 2015

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with varied head and neck symptomatology and quality-of-life impairments that are not necessarily correlated with each other or with objective measures of disease. Objective To determine how clustering patterns of CRS symptoms associate with objective clinical findings. Methods Symptom scores from 193 Sinonasal Outcomes Test-22 (SNOT-22) questionnaires, from 177 consecutive CRS patients, were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) to uncover fewer and physiologically understandable latent components. Univariate and multivariate regressions were made with patients' demographic characteristics, nasal polyposis, comorbid allergic rhinitis, asthma, gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) or depression, and Lund-Mackay scoring of sinus computed tomography (CT) results. Results Four principal components (PCs), heavily weighted on sleep symptoms, nasal symptoms, otologic symptoms, and emotional function symptoms, respectively, are found to primarily describe the variability in patients' SNOT-22 scores. SNOT-22 subset scores reflecting sleep, nasal, otologic, and emotional function symptoms were constructed from corresponding PCs. Only female gender associated with the total SNOT-22 score (p = 0.004), whereas only Lund-Mackay score associated with the nasal subset score (p = 0.015). Allergic rhinitis only associated with the otologic subset score (p = 0.005), whereas only asthma associated with the emotional function subset score (p = 0.027). None of the measured covariates were associated with the sleep subset score. Conclusion Variability in SNOT-22 scores from CRS patients may be explained by the independent presence of sleep, nasal, otologic, and emotional function symptoms, with which we find novel clinical and demographic associations. These findings may represent clinical evidence for distinct pathophysiologic processes that differentially cause specific CRS symptomatology.
Surgical Management of Vasomotor Rhinitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Halderman Ashleigh , Sindwani Raj 
Published: March 2015

Background Vasomotor rhinitis (VMR) is one of the most prevalent forms of nonallergic rhinitis. In the past, when maximal medical therapy failed, surgical options were limited. Vidian neurectomy (VN) was one option; however, it was fraught with complications and limited success. The advent of endoscopic sinus surgery revitalized interest in surgical procedures for VMR. This study was designed to review the available literature and assess the safety and efficacy of surgery on the vidian and posterior nasal nerves for treatment of VMR and when possible, compare the different approaches to one another in regard to safety and efficacy. Methods A systematic review was performed of English language articles using Ovid and PubMed. Search terms included “endoscopic vidian neurectomy,” “vidian neurectomy,” “endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy” (EPNN), and “posterior nasal neurectomy.” Only clinical trials performed on humans with safety and or efficacy data were included. Independent extraction of articles by two authors using predefined data fields was performed. Safety defined by complication rates and efficacy defined as objective improvement on outcomes scores along with the overall length of benefit were the primary measures of treatment effect. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement for reporting systematic reviews was followed. Results In comparison with open VN, endoscopic techniques were not associated with any long-term sequelae. Rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction were shown to improve after endoscopic VN (EVN) and the benefits were maintained for several years after surgery. Conclusion EVN is well tolerated, safe, and effective in a majority of patients. Overall, the literature has shown that the endoscopic approach is associated with less morbidity than the traditional transantral approach. Currently, no literature exists on the effect of EPNN in patients with vasomotor rhinitis and further study is needed to elucidate the efficacy of this procedure in this subset of patients.
Plasma Vitamin D Levels of Patients with Allergic Rhino-Conjunctivitis with Positive Skin Prick Test
Authors: Yenigun Alper , Dadaci Zeynep , Oncel Mufide 
Published: March 2015

Background Allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (ARC) and allergic rhinitis are inflammatory diseases that develop through immunoglobulin E in the rhino-ocular mucosa due to allergy. The main symptoms are runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, itchy nose, and conjunctivitis. Objective This study was designed to evaluate plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with ARC. Study design This study was planned as a prospective and cross sectional study. This study was performed in a tertiary referral center. Methods This observational study involved 42 patients with ARC and 35 consecutive, age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Patients in both groups underwent skin-prick test. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of all subjects were quantified with electrochemiluminescence technique. Results were compared between the groups and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Group one included 42 ARC patients (15 male, 27 female, ages between 12 and 43, average age 25.7 ∓ 8.6); group two included 35 healthy people (15 male, 200female, ages between 12 and 44, average age 26.9 ∓ 9.1). Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of the subjects with ARC group (7.33 ∓ 3.61 ng/mL, standard error mean: 0.55, range 3.17–13.68 ng/mL) were significantly lower than the control group (13.37 ∓ 5.42 ng/mL, standard error mean: 0.91, range 6.84–25.92 ng/mL) (p = 0.010, Independent-Samples test). Conclusions We found lower plasma vitamin D levels in patients with ARC when compared with the control group.