bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving a New Milestone by Drilling 5,300 ft Lateral Footage a Day of Unconventional Well
Authors: Alkhammas M. A. , Alkhaldi Y. H. , Syarawi A. , Rahmani N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
An important element to achieve positive returns out of Unconventional fields is optimizing drilling performance to the lowest well delivery durations. One of the main objectives set was matching and exceeding leading field performance of One Mile a Day delivery over the lateral interval which presented many challenges such as drilling through interbedded Carbonate formation, hole cleaning with fast drilling rates, directional control to maintain drilling within narrow target window, and high Bottom Hole Temperature.
The complexity of achieving this objective drove the drilling team to further optimize drilling practices to improve drilling performance beyond what was assumed as technical limit without compromising on operational safety with proper risk assessment. Implemented initiatives included pushing drilling parameters higher than offsets maximum, eliminating sweeps while drilling to maintain good rheology of the mud and then positively impact to drilling rate, set the adequate surface rig limits to avoid reducing performance due to lower limits than technical specifications, minimize flat time to the absolute safe minimum, and certainly good communication among the team (drilling and subsurface team).
Fit for Basin innovative MWD (Measurement While Drilling) technology was used to allow surveys while drilling and avoid non-drilling time related to surveying and that also allowed implementing a completely new connection procedure cutting weight to weight time to 6 minutes average from offsets 12 minutes average. Operating Parameters window was pushed to higher values based on details offsets wells analysis and automated well on well improvement plans. Rig Top Drive torque limit was also increased within safe specifications for the smoothness of drilling operation without limiting drilling performance. Close discussion and cooperation with subsurface team helped in maintaining most of the lateral inside the sweetest spot with minimal geosteering reactions and then reducing the downlinking time, drilling inside sweet spot resulted in avoiding the dense layer which causing low drilling rate and High vibrations. Performance objective was then achieved and exceeded with 11.3% improvement in longer footage drilled per day than previous record leads to higher ROP (Rate of Penetration) as well.
Achieving drilling performance of One Mile a Day was almost concluded to be impossible with our field constraints after many wells and an aggressive learning curve. However, it was successfully delivered on our subject well and proved one more time that Technical Limit is a false concept; a stern yet optimistic mindset is needed to accept that there is always room for improvement.
Wellbore Integrity and Drilling Risk Evaluation During Depressurization in Gas Hydrate-Bearing Reservoir (GHBR)
Authors: Wang Y. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Wellbore integrity in gas hydrate-bearing formations is an important issue during drilling and production. Excessive pore pressure increase and formation strength reduction may occur during a wellbore a depressurization, the most popular and economic approach for hydrate production. Dynamic thermally induced hydraulic-mechanical (HM) effects may be triggered due to the solid hydrate decompositional process once the supercritical pressure is exceeded, despite an isothermal operation condition is maintained. A comprehensive model is developed to incorporate the phase change, porosity increase, and formation-weakening due to the hydrate decomposition process triggered once a critical equilibrium pressure or temperature is surpassed during a wellbore depressurization or heating. A thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-decompositional hydrate (THMD) model is proposed and a poro-elastoplastic model is imposed, in which a linear Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) criterion is introduced to characterize plastic deformation. The onset of wellbore integrity loss is assumed to occur if an equivalent plastic strain (EPS) exceeds a critical strain measured from experiments. The peak unconfined compression strengths (UCS), depending on the solid hydrate saturation and collected from several GHBR fields in the world, is assumed to dictate the critical EPS. The onset of wellbore collapse are calculated theoretically and validated by experimental hollow cylinder tests subject to isothermal condition. The critical wellbore pressure and temperature are calculated, the solid hydration saturation effects on formation cohesion, the onset and applications of wellbore integrity risk during wellbore depressurization are highlighted.
Overcoming Challenges of a Deep, HP-Ultra HT and High Contaminants Carbonate Well: Pioneering Well Design of the Largest HPHT Gas Field Development in Malaysia
Authors: Ong G. S. H. , Ho A. , Udin R. , Chan L. , Chia B. S. , Vattanapornpirom K. , Yunus M. Y. , Hamdan M. K. , Siriwattanakajorn W. , Chaiyo P. , Saengsrichun M. , Mason J. H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
High-Pressure High-Temperature (HPHT) wells are typically associated with high complexity, technically challenging, long duration, high risk and high Non-Productive Time (NPT) as many things could go wrong especially when any of the critical nitty-gritty details are overlooked. In this particular project, the complexity and risk are amplified due to possible losses in carbonate reservoir, high level of CO2 and H2S contaminants with elevated bottom hole pressure requiring high mud weight in excess of 17 ppg.
A challenging contingency Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD) program needs to be deeply scrutinized to handle high water-based "Light Annular Mud" (LAM) density of above 16 ppg during monsoon season in an offshore environment. In addition to that, due to the requirement for proper casing shoe placement to cater for a deep and high pressure well, long interval of under-reaming across interbedded formation with hard stringers is another challenge that needs to be overcome.
The above sums up the challenges an operator had to manage in a final HPHT carbonate appraisal well in Central Luconia area, off the coast of Sarawak before the forthcoming development campaign. The result is imperative to fine-tune the engineering design to achieve the most optimized operation in the multiple well drilling campaign where significant cost saving is expected. With the completion of this well, it continued to push the historical envelope of such well category where it sets a record as the deepest and hottest carbonate HPHT well with high level of contaminants to be drilled in the region, and possibly globally.
This last appraisal well (Well X) took more than 4 months to drill of more than 4000m of interval, covering 5-hole sections followed by well test which was carried out in a safe and efficient manner.
With the seamless support from host authority, Joint Venture partners and all contractors, the well was successfully delivered.
This paper will share the experience of the entire cycle from pre-job engineering/planning, execution and gathers key lesson learnt for future exploitations in similar environments.
Casing (Tubular) Runnability Indicator While Drilling With Real Time Drilling Data
Authors: Samuel Robello , Kumar Kiran , Nakhle Amol 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In drilling operations, the quality of the borehole used for casing installation significantly influences the overall smoothness of the drilling process, connecting the geometric aspects of the wellbore with the mechanical system employed. Complex equations, grounded in practical knowledge and real-time drilling parameters, offer a feasible approach to assess the suitability of a given borehole for casing installation in a specific hole size. Key factors such as wellbore tortuosity, borehole torsion, wellprofile energy, casing push-through force, margin of slack-off force, and overpull margin collectively contribute to evaluating the viability of a proposed wellpath for casing installation. The understanding of the expected running conditions during drilling itself will provide opportunities to correct the well conditions rather than running clean out runs or short landing the casing string.
In scenarios requiring casing running in curved trajectories or extending to significant lateral lengths, amalgamating operational insights with trajectory parameters has proven effective in gauging operational risks. This approach leverages both experience and quantitative data to estimate the feasibility of casing installation. Moreover, this study delves into the dynamic adjustments of runnability metrics in response to real-time drilling conditions and survey data, enhancing the accuracy of operational assessments.
Furthermore, this study extends beyond casing runnability assessments to explore the predictive capabilities of these metrics. By leveraging runnability measurements, operators can anticipate and address various challenges, including intricate stimulation tasks, optimizing artificial lift operations, and identifying potential issues with well servicing. These challenges often stem from undesirable borehole characteristics such as curvature, torsion, and drift, highlighting the multifaceted utility of runnability metrics in optimizing drilling operations and ensuring well integrity.
Operational Excellence in Deep Shale Gas Basins Through Business Analytics Tool
Authors: Chen Lu , Yan Juntao , Liu Jie , Li Wei , Qi Peng , Liang Yanchao , Tian Peng , Yang Bo , Baojian Hao , Yan Yu , Xu Ziyuan , Liu Bingqi , Wu Bohong , Yang Zhigang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the pursuit of improved drilling performance, oil and gas companies are turning to data analytics as an asset. This paper presents an exemplary case of employing a business intelligence (BI) tool to analyze drilling data within deep shale gas blocks in Sichuan and Chongqing, China. By leveraging the capabilities of the BI tool, operational decisions were enhanced through the generation of visual reports. The analysis focused on a comprehensive database housing extensive historical drilling data, allowing for a deeper understanding of drilling performance and the prediction of average operations performance in the region.
To review well performance, identify hazards, and optimize drilling systems during the planning phase, a historical drilling database is created using bottomhole assembly run data. This database is then analyzed using a business intelligence (BI) tool. The BI tool enables the display of the drilling database in an interactive manner, providing valuable insights into drilling performance in the area. Key information such as the top performing drill bit, drilling system, downhole mud motor configuration, and estimated drilling time for the target section can be easily accessed. This empowers engineers to identify the most promising wells and potential drilling hazards in offset wells. By evaluating well details and recognizing best drilling practices, engineers can optimize drilling performance and mitigate downhole incidents.
The utilization of a BI tool significantly reduces data mining time and provides a fast and efficient method for gaining valuable technical insights into drilling operations. Through descriptive analytics, the tool simplifies complex data sets, enabling the identification of patterns that contribute to a deeper understanding of the data. This visualization of results allows experts to focus on data diagnostics analytics, offering suggestions for improvements and corrections in drilling operations.
Moreover, the analytical data generated can serve as input for more advanced predictive analytics, enabling the forecasting of drilling performance in real time. Additionally, prescriptive analytics facilitates drilling optimization by delivering real-time insights, empowering stakeholders to make informed and improved business decisions. By leveraging the power of BI tools, companies can streamline their operations, enhance efficiency, and drive continuous improvement in the oil and gas industry.
The Role of Patient-Centered Communication in Minority Health Competence and Outcomes in the United States
Authors: Aidoo Ebenezer Ato Kwamena , Wood Sandra Freda , Issaka Barikisu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
This study focused on the interaction between patient-centered communication (PCC) and health outcomes, particularly in terms of general health and mental well-being, within minority populations. It introduces a crucial mediator, the health competence of the minority population, which holds special relevance for these communities. This study aimed to bridge this knowledge deficit by investigating how various PCC functions influence overall and mental health reporting in the minority population.
Methods
This study used secondary data from four iterations spanning from 2011 to 2022 (HINTS 4 Cycle 1-2011, HINTS 5 Cycle 1-2017, HINTS 5 Cycle 4-2020, HINTS 6 Cycle 1-2022) with a sample size of n = 5501, focusing exclusively on individuals from minority racial backgrounds. The study used ANOVA, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regressions to investigate how different PCC functions and sociodemographic factors affect general health, health competence, and mental health within these populations.
Results
The present study revealed that PCC has varying impacts on the reporting of general and mental health within minority populations. Although we observed positive associations, they were not consistent across all the patients. In certain years, specific PCC dimensions demonstrated significant relationships with mental health, emphasizing their influence on mental well-being. Health competence emerged as a crucial mediator between PCC and health outcomes, particularly in terms of general health.
Conclusion
This study provides valuable insights into the relationships between PCC and health competence and health outcomes among minority populations. These findings emphasize the importance of tailored healthcare approaches for minority populations, recognizing the multifaceted nature of healthcare interactions.
First-time Usage of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Who Are Fasting Ramadan: Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Abodahab Alshimaa , Khalil Hany , Abdelal Sara , El-Rawy Ahmed , Abodahab Alshimaa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Ramadan fasting claims a necessary role in management of diabetes. Many people with type 2 diabetes insist on fasting during the holy month of Ramadan, which represents a challenge to their physicians to provide balance between preventing hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis and good control of hyperglycemia with its short- and long-term complications. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a glucose-lowering therapy for type 2 diabetes which are generally well tolerated but may carry the risk of dehydration and hypoglycemia particularly during the long fasting hours. The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the use of SGLT2i for the first-time during Ramadan fasting. Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out on 61 Egyptian Muslim patients, aged ≥ 18 years old, both sexes, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), prepared to fast during Ramadan and treated with SGLT2i for the first time as a supplementary to metformin or another oral hypoglycemic drug. The dose of SGLT2i started after Iftar time. During and Six weeks after Ramadan, evaluations were conducted. Results: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and creatinine were significantly lower after Ramadan than at the beginning of Ramadan. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly higher after Ramadan than at the beginning of Ramadan. Hypoglycemia, dehydration, and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) did not occur in any patient. There was a significant negative correlation between age and HbA1c (r=-0.267, P = 0.037) and eGFR (r =-0.684, P < 0.001) after Ramadan while there was no correlation between the duration of DM and HbA1c before and after Ramadan. HbA1c was significantly lower after Ramadan than during Ramadan in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension (HTN), peripheral neuropathy (PN), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: SGLT2i is effective and safe during Ramadan fasting with a significant reduction in HBA1c, blood pressure, and creatinine and a significant elevation of eGFR. Trial registration Clinical Trials giv ID: NCT06370247
Correlation of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Sites Between Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Targeted and Systematic Biopsy, and Whole-mount Pathology: Implications for Optimal Prostate Biopsy Strategy
Authors: Pacini Matteo , Zucchi Alessandro , Morganti Riccardo , Dazzi Filippo , Pastore Antonio Luigi , Valenzi Fabio Maria , Fuschi Andrea , Salhi Yazan al , Giannarini Gianluca , Ficarra Vincenzo , Simonato Alchiede , Faviana Pinuccia , Bartoletti Riccardo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Data from patients with suspicious lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) and a diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) were collected. The aim was to compare csPCa sites identified through whole-mount pathological analysis (WMA) after RP with PI-RADS ≥ 3 lesions identified on mpMRI, and with csPCa foci detected through targeted-biopsy (TB) or combined targeted + systematic biopsy (TSB). A paired Student's t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were performed to evaluate the agreement between these diagnostic methods. A total of 106 patients were included in the TSB group and 95 in the TB group. The correlation between mpMRI, PB, and WMA was moderate and comparable in both groups. No correlation between PB and WMA was found in the TB group for PI-RADS3 lesions, while a moderate-strong correlation was observed when comparing mpMRI, PB, and WMA for PI-RADS > 3 lesions. About 50% of csPCa sites remained undetected by mpMRI. TSB was able to identify 16.5% more csPCa sites than TB. mpMRI is an accurate method in the diagnosis of PCa, especially for PI-RADS > 3 lesions, although some csPCa sites remained undetected. The use of TSB improved the location agreement between PB and WMA, increasing detection rates up to 79%.
Performance of Chat Gpt on a Turkish Board of Orthopaedi̇c Surgery Examination
Authors: Öner Süleyman Kaan , Ocak Bilgehan , Şahbat Yavuz , Kurnaz Recep Yasin , Çilingir Emre 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the success of the Chat GPT according to the Turkish Board of Orthopedic Surgery Examination
Methods
Among the written exam questions prepared by TOTEK between 2021 and 2023, questions asking visual information like that in the literature and canceled questions were not included, and all other questions were taken into consideration. The questions were divided into 19 categories according to topic. Thequestions were divided into 3 categories according to the methods of evaluating information: direct recall of information, ability to comment and ability to use information correctly. Questions were asked separately about theChat GPT 3.5 and 4.0 artificial intelligence applications. All answers given were evaluated appropriately according to this grouping.
Visual questions were not asked to the Chat GPT due to its inability to perceive visual questions. Only questions answered by the application with the correct choice and explanation were accepted as correct answers. Questions that were answered incorrectly by the Chat GPT were considered incorrect.
Results
We eliminated 300 visual questions in total and asked the remaining 265 multiple-choice questions about the Chat GPT. A total of 95 (35%) of 265 questions were answered correctly, and 169 (63%) were answered incorrectly. It was also seen that he could not answer 1 question. The exam success rate was greater for the Chat GPT group than for the control group, especially for the infection questions (67%). The descriptive findings are shown in Table 3, which shows that both artificial intelligence models can be effective at different levels on various issues, but predominantly, GPT 4 performs better.
Conclusion
Our study showed that although the Chat GPT could not reach the level of passing the Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Proficiency Exam, it could reach a certain level of accuracy. Software such as the Chat GPT needs to be developed and studied further to be useful for orthopedics and traumatology physicians, where the evaluation of radiological images and physical examination are very important.
Phylloplane as a potential Erwinia psidii inoculum reservoir
Authors: Cortivo Paulo Roberto Dall , Moreira Thainá Fogliatto , Caires Nilmara Pereira , Zarpelon Talyta Galafassi , Soliman Everton Pires , Zauza Edival Ângelo Valverde , Mafia Reginaldo Gonçalves , Lanna-Filho Roberto 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Erwinia psidii is an airborne and waterborne bacterium that causes eucalyptus bacterial blight, a destructive disease occurring in eucalyptus forests in Brazil. To design assertive and efficient control strategies to reduce or eliminate the incidence of the disease, it is necessary to understand the ability of the plant-pathogenic bacterium to survive in phylloplane conditions. We investigated the survival of E. psidii on the phylloplane of Eucalyptus urophylla (SUZBA1175), E. urophylla (SUZBA1922), E. grandis × E. urophylla (FA6825), Lantana camara, Brachiaria decumbens, Conyza bonariensis, Digitaria insularis, Psidium guajava, and Eugenia uniflora plants. On the phylloplane of eucalyptus genotypes, the survival of the bacterial pathogen varied between 35 and 56 days. On the phylloplane of E. uniflora and P. guajava, E. psidii was recovered for up to 77 and 85 days, respectively. Bacterial cells were recovered for up to 7 days on B. decumbens and D. insularis. On the other hand, on L. camara and C. bonariensis, the bacterium survived for up to 21 days. In this study, we showed that E. psidii can persist as an epiphyte on the leaf surface of eucalyptus genotypes, on plants from the same botanical family as eucalyptus, and on weeds. This brings us the important information that the phylloplane is a putative reservoir for E. psidii and can serve as a primary inoculum source for new infections or contribute to the increase of bacterial blight in eucalyptus forests.