bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Failure Mechanisms of Common Flexor Tendon Repairs
Authors: Peltz Tim Sebastian , Haddad Roger , Scougall Peter James , Nicklin Sean , Gianoutsos Mark Peter , Oliver Rema , Walsh William Robert 
Published: September 2015

Background: This study investigated the exact failure mechanisms of the most commonly used conventional tendon repair techniques. A new method, radiographing repair constructs in antero-posterior and lateral projections before and after tensioning was used. This allowed to precisely analyse failure mechanisms in regards to geometrical changes in all three dimensions. Additionally the biomechanical stability focusing on gapping was tested. Methods: Sheep fore limb deep flexor tendons were harvested and divided in eight groups of ten tendons. Three common variants of the Kessler repair method and four common 4-strand repair techniques were tested. Additionally a new modification of the Adelaide repair was tested. Results: Biomechanical testing showed no significant differences in gapping for the three tested 2-strand Kessler repair groups. Once a double Kessler or 4-strand Kessler repair was performed the stability of the repair improved significantly. Further significant improvements in biomechanical stability could be achieved by using cross locks in the repair like in the Adelaide repair method. Qualitative analysis using radiographs showed that all Kessler repair variants unfolded via rotations around the transverse suturing component, no matter which variant was used. Conclusions: Additional to the commonly described constriction of the repair construct, the rotating deformation is the main reason for repair site gapping in Kessler tendon repair methods. The term “locking” in a Kessler repair is misleading. The cruciate repairs tended to loose grip and drag (cheese-wire) through the tendon and therefore lead to gapping. The most stable repair constructs in all three dimensions were the Adelaide repair and its interlocking modification. This is due to the superior anchoring qualities of its cross locks and three dimensional stability.
Proposed Guidelines for Treatment of Concomitant Distal Radius and Distal Ulna Fractures
Authors: Liang Benjamin , Lai Jen Ming , Murugan Arul , Chee Kin Ghee , Sechachalam Sreedharan , Foo Tun-Lin 
Published: September 2015

Background: Concomitant distal radius and distal ulna metaphysis or head fractures (DRUF) are uncommon and acceptable results have been reported from cast immobilisation and internal fixation. Methods: We reviewed the charts of 1094 patients treated for distal radius fracture at our institution in a two year period from 2009 to 2010. 24 patients with concomitant DRUF with were treated by cast immobilisation (group 1, n = 11), internal fixation of both bones (group 2, n = 7), internal fixation of radius alone (group 3, n = 2), and internal fixation of radius with distal ulna resection (group 4, n = 4). Patients treated by surgery underwent intraoperative assessment of distal ulna stability to determine the indication for ulna fixation. Post surgical range of motion, clinical parameters, and functional outcome scores (Gartland-Werley and modified Mayo) were measured. Results: Wrist motion was comparable in each group. Radiographic parameters were better in surgical groups. 23 of 24 patients achieved excellent/good outcomes based on Gartland-Werley scores, while 12 of 24 achieved good modified Mayo wrist score. There was a case of distal ulna non-union in group 1, and another case of delayed distal radius union in group 2. Conclusions: By evaluating patients’ functional requirement, and dynamic fluoroscopy examination, satisfactory outcomes can be achieved for various presentations of DRUF.
Marc Ferrez e as fotografias da cafeicultura do Vale do Paraíba: identidade nacional e produção no Brasil no fim do Segundo Império
Authors: Vieira Luis 
Published: September 2015

<p class="Pargrafo">O presente trabalho se debruça sobre parte da prolífica obra fotográfica de Marc Ferrez, profissional condecorado com o título de Fotógrafo da Marinha Imperial, objetivando o uso de fontes visuais no aprofundamento do estudo do processo da Segunda Escravidão na produção cafeeira do Vale do Paraíba. Utilizando uma metodologia que consiste no cruzamento entre as imagens, suas respectivas análises, e a historiografia disponível sobre o assunto, buscamos uma dimensão de concretude para as informações obtidas, (re)inserindo-as em seu próprio contexto de produção. Dessa forma, atenta-se para a correlação indissociável entre a incidência de fenômenos típicos dessa reorganização do trabalho escravo, tais como a disposição e a disciplina de trabalho impressas no espaço da fazenda e um projeto mais amplo que percorre todo o período do Segundo Império, referente à construção de uma identidade nacional preferencialmente atrelada à identidade de classe dos cafeicultores do Vale, base de sustentação imperial. </p>
Systematic Changes in Cloud Radiative Forcing with Aerosol Loading for Deep Clouds in the Tropics
Authors: Peng Jie , Li Zhanqing , Zhang Hua , Liu Jianjun , Cribb Maureen 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
It has been widely recognized that aerosols can modify cloud properties, but it remains uncertain how much the changes and associated variations in cloud radiative forcing are related to aerosol loading. Using 4 yr of A-Train satellite products generated from CloudSat, the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations satellite, and the Aqua satellite, the authors investigated the systematic changes of deep cloud properties and cloud radiative forcing (CRF) with respect to changes in aerosol loading over the entire tropics. Distinct correlations between CRF and aerosol loading were found. Systematic variations in both shortwave and longwave CRF with increasing aerosol index over oceans and aerosol optical depth over land for mixed-phase clouds were identified, but little change was seen in liquid clouds. The systematic changes are consistent with the microphysical effect and the aerosol invigoration effect. Although this study cannot fully exclude the influence of other factors, attempts were made to explore various possibilities to the extent that observation data available can offer. Assuming that the systematic dependence originates from aerosol effects, changes in CRF with respect to aerosol loading were examined using satellite retrievals. Mean changes in shortwave and longwave CRF from very clean to polluted conditions ranged from −192.84 to −296.63 W m−2 and from 18.95 to 46.12 W m−2 over land, respectively, and from −156.12 to −170.30 W m−2 and from 6.76 to 11.67 W m−2 over oceans, respectively.
Tensor Formulation of Ensemble-Based Background Error Covariance Matrix Factorization
Authors: Ishibashi Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Factorization of a background error covariance matrix (B factorization) constructed from localization matrices and a small ensemble that obeys background error statistics is an efficient method for introducing flow-dependent background error statistics into variational form data assimilation systems. Although there are four types of matrix formulations of B factorization, their derivation processes and relationships are not clarified, and mathematical operability is limited because of their complex matrix forms. In this paper, B factorization in the tensor (component) form is formulated to overcome these shortcomings. The tensor formulation is very simple and directly connects the background error covariance matrix with its factorization. All existing matrix formulations are derived from the tensor formulation as their specific matrix form representations. Using the simplicity of the tensor formulation, the relationships between the strong-constraint four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR), 4DVAR with the four-dimensional background error covariance, and the weak-constraint 4DVAR are clarified.
An energy-delay product study on chip multi-processors for variable stage pipelining
Authors: Saravanan Vijayalakshmi , Anpalagan Alagan , Woungang Isaac 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPower management is a major concern for computer architects and system designers. As reported by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), energy consumption has become one of the most dominant issues for the semiconductor industry when the size of transistors scales down from 22 to 11 nm nodes. In this regard, current existing techniques such as dynamic voltage scaling, clock gating, and the Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology have shown their physical limits; therefore, scaling will no longer be a valid strategy for achieving power-performance improvement. To overcome this critical issue in energy-efficient processor design, there is a clear demand for alternative solution. In this paper, an approach that provides a promising solution for energy reduction is proposed, by using a micro-architectural technique referred to as variable stage pipelining, which can be further validated and extended to different application domains such as mobile and desktop. An analytical model for evaluating the relationship between the number of cores and the pipeline stage depth in a chip multi-processor is also proposed, based on which the optimal pipeline depth for various metrics are calculated.
TECHNICAL AND SCALE EFFICIENCY OF SYARIAH BANKING IN INDONESIA: DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Endri Endri , Ritha Henny , Hadiyati Puji 
Published: September 2015

So far, efficiency tends to be a very important issue for discussion. Therefore, such a topic needs attention. This is crucial when it is related syariah banking industry development. In that case, the best performance of shraiah banking can be reached sot hat it has high competitive power in national banking industry. Besides that, it is also expected to be able for expanding the market share. Using the non-parametric method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), this study investigates the recent efficiency of the Islamic Banking operations in Indonesia over the period 2005 to 2007. The attributions of technical efficiency (utilization of capacity) and scale efficiency (optimality of scale achieved) are identified. The principal findings for the period under study indicate that technical and scale efficiency scores are improving but not optimal 100% during research period. The findings provide useful guidelines for policy implications and may also assist banks concerned with their strategic planning with regard to the future of Islamic banking
ANALYSIS OF CEO TURNOVER IN INDONESIA: DOES UNDERPERFORMED ORGANIZATION CAUSE CEO TURNOVER? – CASES OF MERGER COMPANIES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Lindrianasari Lindrianasari , Nurdiono Nurdiono 
Published: September 2015

The results of previous research on the relationship between organizational performance and CEO turnover have been inconsistent so far. It has shown that the lower the performance, the greater the likelihood of CEO turnover. This negative relationship has been found in many subjects in organization. On the other hand, some studies found a positive relationship between job performance and turnover (in which the higher the performance, the greater the likelihood of turnover). Using a measurement of longitudinal design, this research tested organizational performance, such as stock and financial performance of top management turnover among 129 target and non-acquired firms over a five-year period. This study found significant relationships between them. The results indicated that poor organization performance triggered CEO turnover in Indonesia, especially in merger firms. This result also have an implication for Indonesian business such how organizational performance can affect a merger or an acquisition and, as a straight forward, it also affects the management of an acquired company.
THE INLUENCE OF ACCOUNTING KNOWLEDGE AND PERSONALITY TOWARDS THE USE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IN INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING
Authors: Djuwito Djuwito 
Published: September 2015

The municipalities of Tanggulagin and Wedoro are considered the centre of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in the regency of Sidoarjo. These two regencies have been prepared by the government of Sidoarjo and the province of East Java to become the centre of the SMEs to develop and go into global market. Yet, due to the uncertainty of the Lapindo mud explosion, the sale and marketing distribution of the products have been significantly influenced so that the economic growth also lowered down. The research method used in this research is quantitative approach using linear multiple regression which consists of independent variables of accounting knowledge (X1) and entrepreneur personality (X2) and the moderating variable of the environment uncertainty (X3). The dependent variable the accounting information and investment decision (Y). The results show the knowledge of accounting has no impact on the use of accounting information in making decision for investment, the entrepreneur personality, on the other hand, influences the use of accounting information in making decision for investment. Besides that, it is found that the environment uncertainty is, in fact, not the moderating variable. This variable does not moderate the knowledge of accounting and the entrepreneur personality by using the accounting information for making decision for investment.
Shape Optimization of Mufflers Composed of Multiple Rectangular Fin-Shaped Chambers Using Differential Evolution Method
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie , Chang Ying-Chun , Cheng Ho-Chih , Tai Wei-Ting 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
There has been considerable research done on multi-chamber mufflers used in the elimination of industrial venting noise. However, most research has been restricted to lower frequencies using the plane wave theory. This has led to underestimating acoustical performances at higher frequencies. Additionally, because of the space-constrained problem in most plants, the need for optimization of a compact muffler seems obvious. Therefore, a muffler composed of multiple rectangular fin-shaped chambers is proposed.
Based on the eigenfunction theory, a four-pole matrix used to evaluate the acoustic performance of mufflers will be deduced. A numerical case for eliminating pure tones using a three-fin-chamber muffler will also be examined. To delineate the best acoustical performance of a space-constrained muffler, a numerical assessment using the Differential Evolution (DE) method is adopted. Before the DE operation for pure tone elimination can be carried out, the accuracy of the mathematical model must be checked using experimental data. The results reveal that the broadband noise has been efficiently reduced using the three-fin-chamber muffler.
Consequently, a successful approach in eliminating a pure tone using optimally shaped three-fin-chamber mufflers and a differential evolution method within a constrained space has been demonstrated.
DC Motor Fault Analysis with the Use of Acoustic Signals, Coiflet Wavelet Transform, and K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier
Authors: Glowacz Adam 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis paper focuses on testing the monitoring system of the Direct Current motor. This system gives the possibility of diagnosing various types of failures by means of analysis of acoustic signals. The applied method is based on a study of acoustic signals generated by the DC motor. A study plan of the DC motor’s acoustic signal was proposed. Studies were conducted for a faultless DC motor and Direct Current motor with 3 shorted rotor coils. Coiflet wavelet transform and K-Nnearest neighbor classifier with Euclidean distance were used to identify the incipient fault. This approach keeps the motor operating in acceptable condition for a long time and is also inexpensive.
Evaluation of Breeding Value Based on Scores Achieved in the Polish Championships for Young Horses
Authors: Próchniak Tomasz , Rozempolska-Rucińska Iwona , Zięba Grzegorz , Łukaszewicz Marek 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Genetic improvement of show jumping horses is problematic, given the multitude of physical traits that determine sport usability and the specific mental predispositions required during training and competitions. The Polish Championships for Young Horses (PCYH) provide an opportunity to evaluate usability traits in Polish horses, which, however, is not a basis for evaluation of the breeding value. The aim of the study was to propose a model for evaluation of the breeding value of horses taking part in the Championships. In total, 1232 starts of 894 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-year-old horses were analysed. Indices of BLUP breeding values were calculated based on 7 traits with known genetic parameters (ranking in the championship, style rating on days 1, 2, and 3, and penalty points on days 1, 2, and 3). A low and irregular genetic trend, significant only in the case of penalties scored on days 1 and 2 of the championships, was shown. Compatibility of the evaluation of the breeding value estimated on the basis of scores achieved in the Polish Championships for Young Horses with the scores of the performance test carried out in Training Centres was shown. It was also demonstrated that the “sum penalty” and “sum style” measured during the three days of the Championships is sufficient for evaluation of the BLUP breeding value. It was suggested that the evaluation combined with the results achieved at the PCYH (in four age categories) would provide a more detailed picture of the genetic predispositions of jumping horses.
Prediction of Carcass Meat Percentage in Young Pigs Using Linear Regression Models and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Szyndler-Nędza Magdalena , Eckert Robert , Blicharski Tadeusz , Tyra Mirosław , Prokowski Artur 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
One of the approaches to improving performance testing of pigs is to look for mathematical solutions to increase the accuracy of calculations. This is mainly done through improvement of linear regression equations based on current data on performance tested pigs in Poland. The advances in computer technology and the improvements in mathematical analysis have made it possible to use artificial neural networks (ANNs) for prediction of carcass meat percentage in young pigs. The aim of the study was to compare the potential for live estimation of carcass meat percentage in pigs using two computational methods: linear regression equations and ANNs. The experiment used 654 gilts of six breeds, which were subjected to performance testing and slaughter analysis at the Pig Performance Testing Station (SKURTCh). The collected data were used to train ANNs to estimate carcass meat percentage in young pigs. Training was performed using the Levenberg- Marquardt algorithm. Next, meatiness estimated by ANNs was compared with the results obtained using linear modelling. It is concluded that based on the fattening and slaughter performance test results of live pigs, artificial neural networks (SSN23) are significantly more accurate in estimating carcass meat percentage in young pigs compared to the three-variable linear regression model 1. The difference in meatiness estimation between SSN23 and the four-variable linear regression model 2 was statistically non-significant in most of the breeds except Duroc and Pietrain, where the meatiness of young animals was estimated more accurately by the linear regression model.
Historical European Martial Art a crossroad between academic research, martial heritage re-creation and martial sport practices
Authors: Jaquet Daniel , Sørensen Claus Frederik , Cognot Fabrice 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Historical European martial arts (HEMA) have to be considered an important part of our common European cultural heritage. Studies within this field of research have the potential to enlighten the puzzle posed by past societies, for example in the field of history, history of science and technology, or fields related to material culture.
The military aspects of history are still to be considered among the most popular themes of modern times, generating huge public interest. In the last few decades, serious HEMA study groups have started appearing all over the world – focusing on re-creating a lost martial art. The terminology “Historical European Martial Arts” therefore also refers to modem-day practices of ancient martial arts. Many of these groups focus on a “hands-on” approach, thus bringing practical experience and observation to enlighten their interpretation of the source material. However, most of the time, they do not establish inquiries based on scientific research, nor do they follow methodologies that allow for a critical analysis of the findings or observations.
This paper will therefore propose and discuss, ideas on how to bridge the gap between enthusiasts and scholars; since their embodied knowledge, acquired by practice, is of tremendous value for scientific inquiries and scientific experimentation. It will also address HEMA practices in the context of modern day acceptance of experimental (or experiential) processes and their value for research purposes and restoration of an historical praxis. The goal is therefore to sketch relevant methodological and theoretical elements, suitable for a multidisciplinary approach, to HEMA, where the “H” for “historical” matters.
Evaluation Of Onion Production On Sandy Soils By Use Of Reduced Tillage And Controlled Traffic Farming With Wide Span Tractors
Authors: Pedersen Hans Henrik , Sørensen Claus Grøn , Oudshoorn Frank Willem , Krogsgård Peder , Munkholm Lars Juhl 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Growing of vegetables is often characterised by intensive field traffic and use of heavy machines. By implementing controlled traffic farming (CTF), compaction of the growth zone can be avoided. An experiment was established in an onion field on a coarse sandy loam. Treatments were applied in the field that for five years had been managed by seasonal CTF (SCTF), where harvest is performed by random traffic due to lack of suitable harvest machines. The main treatment was compaction with a fully loaded potato harvester. The split treatment in the crossed split plot design was mechanical loosening. Bulk density, macroporosity, penetration resistance, water retention characteristics and yield were measured. Mechanical loosening caused improvements in the physical soil measurements and more roots were found in the upper soil layers. The highest yield was however found in the CTF simulation plots (19% higher than in the SCTF simulated plots). Using wide span tractors as a harvest platform will enable CTF in vegetable production. Avoidance of compaction will enable reduced tillage intensity and productivity can be improved both through higher yield of the area that is cropped and by a larger percentage of fields can be cropped area as less area will be needed for tracks.
Evaluation Of Soil Physical Properties In System With Permanent Traffic Lanes Practised In 10 Ha Field
Authors: Gutu Dumitru , Hůla Josef , Kroulík Milan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with basic soil physical properties as affected by wheel traffic. Agricultural land is, in varying degrees, exposed to the pressures exerted by running parts of tractors, harvesting machinery and transport equipment. Damaging the soil by compaction increases the energy efficiency, deteriorates the quality of tillage, may reduce crop yields and is associated with environmental risks that accompany water erosion. The selection of results from field trials demonstrates the positive effect of the reduction of level crossings on the results of physical and mechanical properties of the soil.