bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical Correction to the Likelihood Ratio Statistic for Structural Equation Modeling with Many Variables
Authors: Yuan Ke-Hai , Tian Yubin , Yanagihara Hirokazu 
Published: December 2013

Survey data typically contain many variables. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is commonly used in analyzing such data. The most widely used statistic for evaluating the adequacy of a SEM model is TML, a slight modification to the likelihood ratio statistic. Under normality assumption, TML approximately follows a chi-square distribution when the number of observations (N) is large and the number of items or variables (p) is small. However, in practice, p can be rather large while N is always limited due to not having enough participants. Even with a relatively large N, empirical results show that TML rejects the correct model too often when p is not too small. Various corrections to TML have been proposed, but they are mostly heuristic. Following the principle of the Bartlett correction, this paper proposes an empirical approach to correct TML so that the mean of the resulting statistic approximately equals the degrees of freedom of the nominal chi-square distribution. Results show that empirically corrected statistics follow the nominal chi-square distribution much more closely than previously proposed corrections to TML, and they control type I errors reasonably well whenever N≥max(50,2p). The formulations of the empirically corrected statistics are further used to predict type I errors of TML as reported in the literature, and they perform well.
The chaperonin CCT interacts with and mediates the correct folding and activity of three subunits of translation initiation factor eIF3: b, i and h
Authors: Roobol Anne , Roobol Jo , Carden Martin J. , Smith Matthew E. , Hershey John W. B. , Bastide Amandine , Knight John R. P. , Willis Anne E. , Smales C. Mark 
Published: December 2013

eIF3 (eukaryotic initiation factor 3) is the largest and most complex eukaryotic mRNA translation factor in terms of the number of protein components or subunits. In mammals, eIF3 is composed of 13 different polypeptide subunits, of which five, i.e. a, b, c, g and i, are conserved and essential in vivo from yeasts to mammals. In the present study, we show that the eukaryotic cytosolic chaperonin CCT [chaperonin containing TCP-1 (tailless complex polypeptide 1)] binds to newly synthesized eIF3b and promotes the correct folding of eIF3h and eIF3i. Interestingly, overexpression of these last two subunits is associated with enhanced translation of specific mRNAs over and above the general enhancement of global translation. In agreement with this, our data show that, as CCT is required for the correct folding of eIF3h and eIF3i subunits, it indirectly influences gene expression with eIF3i overexpression enhancing both cap- and IRES (internal ribosome entry segment)-dependent translation initiation, whereas eIF3h overexpression selectively increases IRES-dependent translation initiation. Importantly, these studies demonstrate the requirement of the chaperonin machinery for the correct folding of essential components of the translational machinery and provide further evidence of the close interplay between the cell environment, cell signalling, cell proliferation, the chaperone machinery and translational apparatus.
Structural basis for 2′-phosphate incorporation into glycogen by glycogen synthase
Authors: Chikwana Vimbai M. , Khanna May , Baskaran Sulochanadevi , Tagliabracci Vincent S. , Contreras Christopher J. , DePaoli-Roach Anna , Roach Peter J. , Hurley Thomas D. 
Published: December 2013

Significance
Glycogen is a branched glucose polymer found in most animals, fungi, bacteria, and archaea as an osmotically neutral means of energy storage. Glycogen also contains minor amounts of phosphate which can be removed by a dual specificity phosphatase, laforin. Accumulation of phosphate results in highly insoluble glycogen deposits and underlies Lafora disease, a devastating form of myoclonus epilepsy. In this paper, we present structural and kinetic data that support a plausible mechanism by which phosphate is directly incorporated into glycogen by glycogen synthase.
Necking and failure of constrained 3D microtissues induced by cellular tension
Authors: Wang Hailong , Svoronos Alexander A. , Boudou Thomas , Sakar Mahmut Selman , Schell Jacquelyn Youssef , Morgan Jeffrey R. , Chen Christopher S. , Shenoy Vivek B. 
Published: December 2013

Significance
Tension generated by molecular motors is fundamental to many processes such as cell motility, tissue morphogenesis, tumor growth, metastasis, and fibrosis. Cell-derived tension depends strongly on the mechanical environment. The rigidity of the medium in which the cells are found has been shown to affect cell division, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this work, through a combination of experiments and mathematical models, we find that cell-derived tension can be of sufficient magnitude to cause failure of complex-shaped microtissues. We show that failure can be controlled by varying the amount of extracellular matrix in the tissue and by tuning the stiffness of the constraining structures. Our results can aid the design of stable tissue constructs for applications in regenerative medicine.
Effects of Flow Reduction on a Whitespotted Char Population in a Japanese Mountain Stream
Authors: Nakamura Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
I evaluated the effects of long-term (about 270 d/year) and large-volume (83.3% at mean flow) reductions in stream flow on a population of Whitespotted Char Salvelinus leucomaenis. I compared a range of biological parameters (density, biomass, condition factor, and age composition) between populations of char in the free-flowing (above dam) and regulated (below dam) sections of a Japanese mountain stream over a 4-year period. The density and biomass of age-1 and older fish was significantly lower in the regulated section than in the free-flowing section: 32.8% reduction in density and 42.5% in biomass. The mean condition factor of age-1 and older fish was significantly lower in the regulated section. In addition, the percentage of age-2 and older fish in the total catch was significantly lower in the regulated section. Except for flow, the physical environment was similar in both the free-flowing and regulated sections. Thus, the changes I observed in the regulated section were likely caused by flow reduction. I hypothesize that a decrease in food availability associated with the reduction in flow caused the decrease in density and condition factor in the regulated section. I also speculate that an increase in density in the pools due to flow reduction resulted in increased aggression among conspecifics. In turn, this results in an increase in the emigration of individuals, particularly older and larger fish, in the regulated section. The decreases in the density, condition factor, and the number of older and larger fish following the reduction in flow probably explain the decrease in biomass in the regulated section.
Received November 20, 2012; accepted July 15, 2013
Valuing Recreational Fishing in the Great Lakes
Authors: Melstrom Richard T. , Lupi Frank 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
We estimated a pair of models to characterize the demand for Great Lakes recreational fishing in Michigan. With a nested logit framework, the models tested whether anglers have an unobserved tendency to substitute between fishing sites based on target species or lake-specific preferences. Results indicated that anglers tend to substitute more readily between sites within a lake, although we found that the choice of model did not qualitatively influence measures of nonmarket value. Both models predicted that the fishing destinations of anglers would be strongly influenced by catch rates. Using these results, we estimated the sportfishing value for several fish species and found that anglers have the highest willingness to pay for Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coho Salmon O. kisutch, steelhead O. mykiss, and Walleyes Sander vitreus. We also derived the access values of Michigan's coastal fishing sites and determined that day trips to a typical Great Lake site are worth about $30 per trip.
Received March 12, 2013; accepted August 12, 2013
A critical switch in the enzymatic properties of the Cid1 protein deciphered from its product-bound crystal structure
Authors: Munoz-Tello Paola , Gabus Caroline , Thore Stéphane 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
The addition of uridine nucleotide by the poly(U) polymerase (PUP) enzymes has a demonstrated impact on various classes of RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), histone-encoding RNAs and messenger RNAs. Cid1 protein is a member of the PUP family. We solved the crystal structure of Cid1 in complex with non-hydrolyzable UMPNPP and a short dinucleotide compound ApU. These structures revealed new residues involved in substrate/product stabilization. In particular, one of the three catalytic aspartate residues explains the RNA dependence of its PUP activity. Moreover, other residues such as residue N165 or the β-trapdoor are shown to be critical for Cid1 activity. We finally suggest that the length and sequence of Cid1 substrate RNA influence the balance between Cid1's processive and distributive activities. We propose that particular processes regulated by PUPs require the enzymes to switch between the two types of activity as shown for the miRNA biogenesis where PUPs can either promote DICER cleavage via short U-tail or trigger miRNA degradation by adding longer poly(U) tail. The enzymatic properties of these enzymes may be critical for determining their particular function in vivo.
Single-cell resolution in high-resolution synchrotron X-ray CT imaging with gold nanoparticles
Authors: Schültke Elisabeth , Menk Ralf , Pinzer Bernd , Astolfo Alberto , Stampanoni Marco , Arfelli Fulvia , Harsan Laura-Adela , Nikkhah Guido 
Published: December 2013

Gold nanoparticles are excellent intracellular markers in X-ray imaging. Having shown previously the suitability of gold nanoparticles to detect small groups of cells with the synchrotron-based computed tomography (CT) technique bothex vivoandin vivo, it is now demonstrated that even single-cell resolution can be obtained in the brain at leastex vivo. Working in a small animal model of malignant brain tumour, the image quality obtained with different imaging modalities was compared. To generate the brain tumour, 1 × 105C6 glioma cells were loaded with gold nanoparticles and implanted in the right cerebral hemisphere of an adult rat. Raw data were acquired with absorption X-ray CT followed by a local tomography technique based on synchrotron X-ray absorption yielding single-cell resolution. The reconstructed synchrotron X-ray images were compared with images obtained by small animal magnetic resonance imaging. The presence of gold nanoparticles in the tumour tissue was verified in histological sections.
Performance measurement system use in generating psychological empowerment and individual creativity
Authors: Moulang Carly 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIndividual creativity is essential to an organisation's ability to innovate (Amabile, 1988, 1996), and potentially, management control systems could be used to enhance or constrain this creativity in organisations (Amabile, 1988; Davila et al., 2009). The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of how interactive performance measurement system (IPMS) use is implicated in the generation of individual creativity. A conceptual framework linking IPMS use to creativity is developed, incorporating psychological empowerment as an intervening variable. The results of a survey of middle‐level managers confirm that IPMS use impacts on creativity through the psychological construct of psychological empowerment.
Removing Protections for Wolves and the Future of the U.S. Endangered Species Act (1973)
Authors: Bruskotter Jeremy T. , Vucetich John A. , Enzler Sherry , Treves Adrian , Nelson Michael P. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn June of 2013, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposed removing gray wolves (Canis lupus, Linnaeus) from Endangered Species Act (ESA) protections throughout the conterminous United States. The proposed rule depends on a definition of endangerment that is inconsistent with the legislative history and historical implementation of the ESA, as well as numerous court rulings. The proposed rule also asserts that areas where wolves once existed but no longer exist are “unsuitable habitat” because people in these areas lack tolerance for wolves. That claim entirely ignores a significant body of scientific knowledge that suggests otherwise. By effectively narrowing the definition of endangered species and ignoring the best available science on tolerance for wolves, the proposed rule would set an unfortunate precedent with far‐reaching consequences, including dramatically limiting recovery efforts for other species protected by the ESA.
The Role of Regression Performance on Multimodel Analysis
Authors: Foglia L. , Mehl S.W. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn this work, we provide suggestions for designing experiments where calibration of many models is required and guidance for identifying problematic calibrations. Calibration of many conceptual models which have different representations of the physical processes in the system, as is done in cross‐validation studies or multi‐model analysis, often uses computationally frugal inversion techniques to achieve tractable execution times. However, because these frugal methods are usually local methods, and the inverse problem is almost always nonlinear, there is no guarantee that the optimal solution will be found. Furthermore, evaluation of each inverse model's performance to identify poor calibrations can be tedious. Results of this study show that if poorly calibrated models are included in the analysis, simulated predictions and measures of prediction uncertainty can be affected in unexpected ways. Guidelines are provided to help identify problematic regressions and correct them.
Synthetic antimalarial drugs and the triggering of psoriasis – do we need disease‐specific guidelines for the management of patients with psoriasis at risk of malaria?
Authors: Gravani Agoritsa , Gaitanis Georgios , Zioga Aikaterini , Bassukas Ioannis D. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundΑ distinct side effect of the synthetic quinolinic antimalarial drugs, still widely used for the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria, is the induction of psoriasis in predisposed or susceptible individuals.ObjectiveTo describe two patients that had induction and exacerbation of psoriasis due to the administration of hydroxychloroquine, to adapt pertinent literature on the pathophysiology of this side effect, to review psoriasis‐triggered cases by newer, non‐quinolinic antimalarials, and to propose malaria treatment and prophylaxis guidelines for psoriatic patients.Patients and methodsTwo patients, a 40‐year‐old female with unknown history of psoriasis and a 37‐year‐old primigravida with an established history of psoriasis, were treated with hydroxychloroquine for a newly diagnosed lichen planopilaris and for an exacerbation of psoriatic arthritis, respectively. PubMed was searched (last accessed 20 October 2012) employing as search strategy the keywords (psoriasis) AND (drug), where “drug” is the name of each of the newer, non‐quinolinic antimalarials.ResultsPsoriasis was controlled in both patients. The primigravida gave birth to a healthy child at 39 weeks of gestation. The literature review returned no articles that linked the newer antimalarials with psoriasis.ConclusionDespite the increased awareness, antimalarials‐triggered psoriasis is still diagnosed. Fortunately, the current artemisinin‐based antimalarial treatment can be safely offered to susceptible individuals. Additionally, prophylaxis with doxycycline or the combination atovaquone–proguanil could be a safe suggestion for malaria prophylaxis in psoriatic patients.
Novel presentation of lepromatous leprosy in an erythema gyratum repens‐like pattern
Authors: Mohanan Saritha , Devi Abarna S. , Kumari Rashmi , Thappa Devinder Mohan , Ganesh Rajesh N. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectivesLeprosy can have diverse cutaneous and occasionally perplexing presentations. We report an unusual case of lepromatous leprosy (LL) with annular lesions resembling erythema gyratum repens.ReportA 55‐year‐old man presented with a symmetrical, hypopigmented, and erythematous rash of bizarre appearance over the lateral aspect of the upper arm, and anterior and posterior aspects of the trunk of two months' duration. He gave a history of self‐resolving episodes of bilateral pedal edema, and numbness and pricking sensations in both the hands and feet, which had occurred intermittently over the previous six years. An ulcer measuring 2 cm in size was present over the adjacent surface of the right first and second toes. The bilateral ulnar and radial cutaneous nerves were symmetrically thickened.ResultsSlit‐skin smears revealed numerous acid‐fast bacilli. Skin biopsy from the trunk showed collections of histiocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells in the dermis and around the blood vessels. The patient was diagnosed with LL and started on multibacillary multi‐drug therapy.ConclusionsLepromatous leprosy can have varied clinical manifestations and is often a great imitator. However, the skin smear positivity, even in normal skin, symmetrical cutaneous and peripheral nerve involvement, and histopathology in the present patient were indicative of LL. This report highlights a rare presentation of leprosy. Clinicians should be aware of these rare manifestations as lepromatous cases still occur in certain regions.
Generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski
Authors: Anzalone C. Lane , Cohen Philip R. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe initial patient with generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas was described by Grzybowski in 1950. The condition presents as hundreds to thousands of small (1–5 mm), flesh‐colored to erythematous papules.ObjectiveTo review the clinical characteristics and treatments of generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical literature using PubMed, searching the terms “eruptive,” “generalized,” “Grzybowski,” “keratoacanthoma,” and “multiple.” Patient reports and previous reviews of the subject were critically assessed and the salient features presented to the best of our knowledge.ResultsGeneralized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski typically present in the fifth to seventh decades of life and display an equal preponderance for both men and women. The keratoacanthomas are pruritic and predominately appear in sun‐exposed regions, such as the face (in which they often demonstrate the sign of Zorro) and the upper trunk; the tumors also show a predilection for intertriginous areas. Topical, intralesional, and systemic treatment modalities have been used; oral retinoids are considered the preferred method of treatment.ConclusionGeneralized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski is a rare form of keratoacanthoma and is considered a serious condition because the eruptions are diffuse, persistent, and recurrent. Constant pruritus, ectropion, visceral neoplasms, and unsatisfactory response to treatment are ominous prognostic factors. Successful management of this condition has been observed in patients treated with systemic retinoids, such as acitretin.
An investigation into low‐temperature nitrogen plasma environment effect on the content of polyphenols during withering in madeKenyan tea
Authors: Kuloba Patrick W. , Gumbe Lawrence O. , Okoth Michael W. , Obanda Martin , Ng'ang'a Fredrick M. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryLow‐temperature nitrogen plasma (LTNP) was used to wither green tea leaf to study its effect on the polyphenol content. Using a dielectric barrier discharge chamber to provide theLTNPenvironment, green tea leaf was withered at various withering times. Made tea samples indicated thatLTNPhad an effect on polyphenol content. The highest polyphenol content of 78.56 mg g−1in made tea was attained in 1 h after which it showed a decreasing trend with increasing retention time. For comparison purposes, green tea leaf was also withered in nonplasma environments. Highest polyphenol content of 133.4 mg g−1in made tea was attained in a sample withered anaerobically in nitrogen gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure for 18 h. In another sample, green tea leaf was directly macerated and dried without withering and fermenting and had polyphenol content of 101.91 mg g−1in made tea. These contents were compared with green tea 4, purple tea and oolong tea that are currently manufactured in Kenya.
Novel polymorphisms in the promoter region of the perforin gene among distinct Brazilian populations and their functional impact
Authors: Garcia F. B. , Kashima S. , Rodrigues E. S. , Silva I. T. , Malta T. M. , Nicolete L. D. de Figueiredo , Haddad R. , Moraes‐Souza H. , Covas D. T. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryCytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells play a crucial role in eliminating tumour and virus‐infected cells. The perforin is a key part of the arsenal that these cells use to destroy their targets. In this study, we characterized single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the promoter region of the perforin gene among distinct Brazilian ethnic groups. The study was carried out by sequencing this region in three groups: European, African and Asian descents. We demonstrated for the first time the occurrence of three new polymorphisms in the promoter region of gene PRF1: 494A/G (rs78058707), 720G/A (rs75925789) and 1176C/T (rs75183511). Three other SNPs already described in the literature 63A/G (rs35401316), 112A/G (rs10999428) and 1012C/T (rs35069510) were also detected. The SNPs are distributed differently in the ethnic groups studied. The 112G allele was observed at high frequency, especially among Asian descents (48.1%). The 1012T allele was detected only among European descents, the 494G allele only among Asian descents and 1176T allele only in African descents. Based on the association between the polymorphisms described, ten new haplotypes were originated. In functional analysis, we noticed that SNPs present in most common haplotypes cannot induce significant differences in expression levels of perforin alone. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time the existence of three new polymorphisms in perforin promoter and, contrary to what was stated, the presence of these SNPs does not alter the levels of protein expression.
Dietary modulation of the inflammatory cascade
Authors: Dawson Dolphus R. , Branch‐Mays Grishondra , Gonzalez Octavio A. , Ebersole Jeffrey L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDietary supplementation has traditionally consisted of adding vitamins and/or minerals to correct or prevent a nutritional deficiency. When supplementing the diet with other inflammatory mediators, such as essential fatty acids, there is an adjunctive benefit to the standard therapies used in the control of chronic inflammatory diseases such as Crohn’s disease or rheumatoid arthritis. This review focuses on the strategies utilized for therapeutic modulation of the inflammatory cascade through dietary supplementation with specific biomolecules. Examples of how these biomolecules affect local and systemic immune responses to chronic inflammation are examined. In particular, an overview of the literature identifying the potential to modify the host response to chronic periodontitis is provided.