bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing an Ultrasonic System Used to Reduce the Cross‐Linking Time of Epoxy Resins Used in the Construction of Brake Cylinders
Authors: Pasare Vili , Nitoi Dan , Opran Constantin G. , Chivu Oana , Semenescu Augustin , Milicescu Stefan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUltrasounds and their applications constitute fields of theoretical and practical research with applicability starting with the military, medicine, automotive industry, and ending with household appliances. The use of ultrasonic field in the cross‐linking of epoxy resins reduces the time required to produce composite structures, independent of the type of reinforcing components used. Brake cylinders, made by successive deposition of two layers of epoxy resin and quartz sand used in applications where frictional forces are very high, constitute a challenge for composite structures. The article presents the analytical calculation and the design of the ultrasonic system used in making a sample made of metallic base material and two layers of epoxy resin reinforced with quartz sand. Using this new proposed technology, there is a substantial reduction in the time required to solidify the structure and the elimination of the need for a high temperature necessary to carry out the traditional technological process.
Sound Isolation Capacity of 3D Printed Polymeric Panel
Authors: Hrituc Adelina , Mihalache Andrei Marius , Dodun Oana , Nagit Gheorghe , Slatineanu Laurențiu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn today's technological fields, polymeric materials are used on large scale already. The research direction this paper proposes refers to the sound insulation capacity of some panels made of polymeric material. Thus, the emphasis is placed on investigating the insulation capacity of a small panel made of polymeric polylactic acid by 3D printing. The equipment for the experimental research involves passing the sounds emitted by a mini audio speaker, commands via Bluetooth by a mobile phone, through a small panel made of PLA by 3D printing. The sound pressure level is measured using a sound level meter. A method of planning the experimental tests is used by considering a variation of the volume and frequency of the sounds. The experimental results are processed using specialized software based on the least‐squares method. The analysis of the empirical mathematical models thus establishes and the diagrams made by using these models highlight the existence of some maximum of the observed quantities for the variation of the volume and frequency of the sound.
Roughness Regression Functions of 3D Printed PLA Parts Surfaces Machined by CNC Milling
Authors: Lazăr Marius‐Vali , Gheorghe Marian , Alexandru Tudor George 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSome 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts, as components of molds for silicone, resin, and other materials, require fine roughness of their active surfaces. One method to improve the printed surface roughness is machining by fine milling. The present paper addresses issues of surface roughness that is generated by milling of 3D printed PLA parts. An experimental setup is developed, comprising of multiple samples which are subjected to the same cutting process, but considering various parameter settings on cutting speed and the feed rate. The roughness of each specimen is evaluated under a standardized procedure. The results are stored in a dataset for developing multivariable regression functions. The main outcome of the research consists of predicting the roughness of the surfaces that are subjected to the milling process, by considering a set of working parameters as independent variables.
Research on Position Accuracy of Autonomous Industrial Vehicles in Polymer Products Factories
Authors: Jugravu Bogdan Alexandru , Lazăr Marius Vali , Savu Tom , Abaza Bogdan Felician , Opran Constantin Gheorghe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe paper presents a research on estimating the positioning accuracy of autonomous industrial vehicles, using an original sensor fusion combination, in specific polymer production factories environments. Mechanical and electrical subsystems designs are presented, together with the software application and testing results. Conclusions are drawn, serving for future positioning system design.
Dimensionality Reduction in Structural Health Monitoring: A Case Study on Damaged Wind Turbine Blades
Authors: Rezazadeh Nima , Polverino Antonio , Perfetto Donato , De Luca Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, advances in structural health monitoring (SHM) of composite materials have been observed, driven by the adoption of intelligent diagnostic techniques. Vibration signals, which embed valuable structural health information, have been increasingly utilized in SHM. However, the high dimensionality of this data has necessitated significant computational resources and has made the differentiation between health states more complex. Highlighting the need for effective feature extraction and dimensionality reduction (DR), a study is conducted. In this research, advanced DR techniques, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), locally linear embedding (LLE), t‐distributed stochastic neighbors embedding (t‐SNE), and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP), are applied to an experimental dataset from a wind turbine blade under various health and environmental conditions (controlled‐environment vibration signals). The extracted features are then processed for the classification phase, and it is found that UMAP provides the best performance, albeit with a slightly increased computational demand. The findings from this research offer invaluable insights for researchers and engineers, assisting in the selection of the most appropriate DR method for SHM, and weighing up accuracy against computational time.
A generalized model of cardiac surface motion for evaluating left anterior descending coronary artery dose in left breast cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Deng Yongjin , Qiu Minmin , Li Yangchan , Wang Chaoyang , Zhong Jiajian , Xiao Zhenhua , Wang Chengtao , Chen Ruiwan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRetrospective studies indicate that radiation damage to left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) may be critical for late‐stage radiation‐induced cardiac morbidity. Developing a method that accurately depicts LAD motion and perform dose assessment is crucial.PurposeTo construct a generalized cardiac surface motion model for LAD dose assessment in left breast cancer radiotherapy.MethodsCine MRI of 25 cases were divided into training and testing sets for model construction, and five external cases were gathered for generalization validation. Motion prediction from average intensity projection images (AIP) surface point cloud to that of each phase was realized by mapping the relationship between datum points and corresponding points with statistical shape modeling (SSM). Root mean square error (RMSE) for predicted corresponding points and Euclidean distance (ED) for predicted surface point cloud were used to assess model's accuracy. LAD dose assessment for 10 left breast cancer radiotherapy cases was perform by model application.ResultsThe RMSE in testing cases and external cases were 0.209 ± 0.020 mm to 0.841 ± 0.074 mm and 0.895 ± 0.093 mm to 1.912 ± 0.138 mm, respectively; while the ED were 1.399 ± 0.029 mm to 1.658 ± 0.100 mm, 1.571 ± 0.080 mm to 1.779 ± 0.104 mm, respectively, proving the generalized model's high accuracy. The volume of LAD characterizing motion range (WPLAD) (2.392 ± 0.639 cm3) was approximately twice that of LAD from superimposed images (SPLAD) (0.927 ± 0.326 cm3) with p < 0.05, and the former's Dmax (3582.06 ± 575.92 cGy) was significantly larger than latter's (3222.71 ± 665.37 cGy) (p < 0.05). While WPLAD's Dmean (1408.06 ± 413.06 cGy) was slightly smaller than that of SPLAD (1504.15 ± 448.03 cGy), the difference did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). WPLAD's V20 (23.42% ± 16.62%) was less than SPLAD's (29.18% ± 21.07%) with p < 0.05, but their comparison in V30 and V40 did not yield statistically significant results. It implies the conventional LAD dose assessment ignores motion impact and may not be justified.ConclusionsThe generalized cardiac surface motion model informs LAD dose accurate assessment in left breast cancer radiotherapy.
Effectiveness of telerehabilitation on pain and function in musculoskeletal disorders: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Alahmri Fayez , Nuhmani Shibili , Muaidi Qassim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionMusculoskeletal disorders are common, causing high hospital and healthcare utilisation. Telerehabilitation (TR) is a new strategy to deliver treatment remotely to patients in their own homes, with lower costs and easier accessibility. This study investigated the effectiveness of TR on pain and function in musculoskeletal disorders.MethodsA literature search of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in the Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases was conducted by two reviewers on 10 Jan 2023. We included studies that investigated pain and function with TR compared with a control group in any musculoskeletal disorders. The data synthesis included the TR platforms and measured outcomes. Effectiveness was measured based on the pain and function results. The study methodological quality was assessed by the PEDro scale for RCTs.ResultsAfter removing duplicated and irrelevant studies, 200 were initially identified. This review includes seven RCTs of a total of 183 participants with musculoskeletal conditions such as low back pain, fibromyalgia, total knee arthroplasty, shoulder subacromial decompression, knee osteoarthritis, and rotator cuff syndrome. The TR platforms used were smartphone and web apps, video, phone calls, and teleconference sessions. The findings showed no significant differences between the TR and control groups in pain and function. TR showed better improvement with a significant short‐term difference in some variables, but this was not sustained in the long term.ConclusionTR was comparably effective to clinic‐based rehabilitation for treating musculoskeletal disorders. However, it was not superior to conventional rehabilitation. TR showed lower costs and a high level of adherence. We recommend implementing new TR tools to remotely treat patients.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO Registration Number CRD42022375048.
Competition among simultaneously stimulated multiple hydraulic fractures: Insights from DEM simulation with the consideration of fluid partitioning
Authors: Li Xuejian , Duan Kang , Zhao Moli , Zhang Qiangyong , Wang Luchao , Jiang Rihua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStimulating long and persistent fractures from multiple perforations in horizontal wells plays a vital role in enhancing the recovery of hydrocarbons from unconventional reservoirs. However, interaction among fractures may lead to dramatic nonuniformity, but the mechanism that drives the competition still eludes explanation. We proposed an improved two‐dimensional discrete element model to simulate fluid competition and stress interaction among perforations in the same fracturing stage. The fluid partitioning is implemented by dynamically dividing the injected fluid into different perforations to maintain pressure consistency and fluid conservation. The model is validated by comparing the induced stress, fracture aperture, and the evolution of the fracture height and the injection pressure with theoretical models. The influences of the perforation friction, fluid viscosity and injection rate are examined systematically. Simulation results reveal that fluid competition tends to stimulate one dominant fracture with other perforations suppressed. The effect of increasing the perforation friction for promoting the fluid partitioning is not remarkable while using more viscous fracturing fluid helps to initiate more fractures at the perforations. With a higher injection rate all fractures can propagate to the borders but the asymmetrical fracture pattern cannot be avoided. Four typical fracture patterns are distinguished by changing operational parameters.
Quasinormal modes and coupled mode theory of 1D metal‐dielectric photonic crystals
Authors: Allemeier David , White Matthew S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetal‐dielectric photonic crystals (MDPCs) are a class of photonic structure formed through the coupling of metallic microcavities. Interaction of the cavities results in hybridization of the underlying microcavity states to form photonic bands defined by the crystal periodicity, metal‐to‐dielectric ratio, and number of unit cells. In this study, we provide analytical solutions for the resonant states of discrete 1D MDPCs with an arbitrary number of cavities using quasinormal mode (QNM) theory. Our results show that the QNM solutions closely match the predictions of coupled mode theory (CMT) in the tight‐binding regime and diverge as the metal thickness vanishes. We apply the QNM results to the CMT model to find analytical expressions for the inter‐cavity coupling coefficients. Additionally, we analyze the quality factor, transmission, and absorption of both ideal and lossy MDPCs, revealing important trends in bulk optical properties.
Evaluating the use of the mobile electrocardiogram technology KardiaMobile™ in community settings: An online survey
Authors: Emmett Aimee , Kent Bridie , James Alison , March‐McDonald Jane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn response to issues identified by community healthcare professionals (HCPs), including difficulty in routinely recording electrocardiograms (ECGs) at the time of their assessments with the population of patients referred to as ‘housebound’, one National Health Service (NHS) Trust adopted the mobile ECG technology; KardiaMobile™, supported by the Academic Health and Science Network (AHSN), in 2017–2018. The use and uptake of this technology were evaluated and are reported in this paper.MethodsA cross‐sectional, mixed‐methods online survey was conducted from August 2021 to October 2021. The respondents were a convenience sample of HCPs using KardiaMobile™ to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) with their patients; all were employed by one, predominantly rural NHS trust. Descriptive methods were used to analyse the quantitative data, whilst a reflexive approach to thematic analysis was chosen to analyse the qualitative data (Braun & Clarke, 2019, Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11, 589).ResultsA total of 33 surveys were completed, with a response rate of 8.8%. All respondents recognised the potential value of KardiaMobile™ for their work. Nineteen respondents (57.6%) reported having a shared understanding of the purpose of KardiaMobile™. Nineteen respondents (57.6%) agreed sufficient training and resources are provided to enable staff to implement KardiaMobile™. Qualitative data analysis found four overarching themes, with six sub‐themes.ConclusionKardiaMobile™ is a feasible means to detect AF in higher‐risk patients, particularly those living remotely or classed as ‘housebound’. Respondents in this survey indicated a desire for further training and input on the appropriate use of digital and mobile devices for AF care in a community setting. Incomplete integration of device‐collected heart rhythm data into the patient electronic health record was identified as a barrier to greater adoption of digital health devices for community HCPs.No Patient or Public ContributionNot required as it is a service evaluation from the perspective of HCPs using KardiaMobile™ technology.
Reconstruction of quality marker system for Ginkgo Folium tablet using UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap MS, quantum chemical calculation, network pharmacology, and molecular simulation
Authors: Chen Ban , Liu Shuangshuang , Li Xican , Li Chunhou , Cai Rongxin , Zeng Jingyuan , Hu Yuchen , Su Jiangtao , Chen Shaoman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionGinkgo Folium tablet (GFT) is a patented traditional Chinese medicine prepared from Ginkgo biloba leaves extract (GBE). However, the current quality indicators for GFT or GBE as designated by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia are insufficient in preventing counterfeit events.ObjectiveThis study aimed to putatively identify compounds in GFT and to further develop a quality marker (Q‐marker) system for GFT.MethodsA novel strategy utilizing database‐aided ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐orbitrap mass spectrometry was employed to analyze the lyophilized aqueous powder of GFT. Subsequently, the identified compounds underwent quantum chemical calculations, network pharmacology, and molecular simulations through in silico approaches to evaluate the Q‐marker principles of traceability, specificity, and efficiency‐relevance.ResultsThe results revealed the putative identification of a total of 66 compounds, including 36 flavonoids, 7 phenolic acids and derivatives, 5 terpene lactones, 4 fatty acids and derivatives, 3 alkaloids, 1 amino acid, and 10 other compounds. Particularly, 16 compounds were unexpectedly observed, and seven compounds met the Q‐marker principles.ConclusionThis study recommends the seven compounds, namely, (−)‐gallocatechin, matrine, (−)‐epicatechin, ginkgolide C, ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B, and curdione, as the anti‐counterfeiting pharmacopoeia Q‐markers for GFT. The reconstruction of the Q‐marker system for GFT not only enhances the understanding of the compounds in GFT and other GBE‐based preparations but also provides valuable recommendations for the Pharmacopoeia Commission.
Can blood‐flow restriction resistance training enhance remote strength transfer? A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Crespo Irene , Quintana‐Cepedal Marcos , Fernández‐del Valle María , del Valle Miguel , Olmedillas Hugo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review with meta‐analysis aimed to examine the effect of blood flow restriction resistance training (BFR‐RT) on strength gains in untrained limbs (remote strength transfer [RST]).Literature SurveyA search for studies was performed using six databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus, and ScienceDirect) up to February 2024.MethodologyStudies that assessed the RST phenomenon following BFR‐RT and measured muscle strength were included. Meta‐analyses of standardized mean differences (SMDs) were performed using a random‐effects model to determine the effect of BFR‐RT on RST.SynthesisEight studies were included in this systematic review, of which six were involved in the meta‐analyses. BFR‐RT was not found to enhance RST in comparison with RT (SMD 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.02 to 0.56; p = .07). These findings did not vary when the comparison was examined in upper limbs or measured using an isometric contraction.ConclusionsBFR‐RT does not enhance RST in comparison with traditional RT at the same load according to the meta‐analyses. Therefore, the usage of BFR is not recommended for RST.
Structure‐aware deep learning model for peptide toxicity prediction
Authors: Ebrahimikondori Hossein , Sutherland Darcy , Yanai Anat , Richter Amelia , Salehi Ali , Li Chenkai , Coombe Lauren , Kotkoff Monica , Warren René L. , Birol Inanc 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is a critical public health concern, necessitating the exploration of alternative treatments. While antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show promise, assessing their toxicity using traditional wet lab methods is both time‐consuming and costly. We introduce tAMPer, a novel multi‐modal deep learning model designed to predict peptide toxicity by integrating the underlying amino acid sequence composition and the three‐dimensional structure of peptides. tAMPer adopts a graph‐based representation for peptides, encoding ColabFold‐predicted structures, where nodes represent amino acids and edges represent spatial interactions. Structural features are extracted using graph neural networks, and recurrent neural networks capture sequential dependencies. tAMPer's performance was assessed on a publicly available protein toxicity benchmark and an AMP hemolysis data we generated. On the latter, tAMPer achieves an F1‐score of 68.7%, outperforming the second‐best method by 23.4%. On the protein benchmark, tAMPer exhibited an improvement of over 3.0% in the F1‐score compared to current state‐of‐the‐art methods. We anticipate tAMPer to accelerate AMP discovery and development by reducing the reliance on laborious toxicity screening experiments.
Climate change effects on the diversity and distribution of soybean true bugs pests
Authors: Chen Juhong , Jiang Kun , Li Yanfei , Wang Shujing , Bu Wenjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDClimate change and pests are two major factors in the reduction of global soybean yields. The diversity and geographic distribution of soybean true bug pests vary across soybean production areas worldwide, and climate change impacts are different across species and regions. Therefore, we integrated spatial and temporal predictions at the global scale to predict the impact of global warming on the distribution of 84 soybean true bug pests by the maximum entropy niche model (MaxEnt) under present (1970–2000) and future (2041–2060) scenarios. We produced an ensemble projection of the potential distribution of pests and crop production areas to estimate how and where climate warming will augment the threat of soybean true bug pests to soybean production areas.RESULTSOur results indicated that Southeast North America, Central South America, Europe and East Asia were the regions with the higher richness of soybean true bug and the most vulnerable areas to invasion threats. Climate change would promote the expansion of the distribution range and facilitate pest movement pole wards, affecting more soybean cultivated areas located in mid‐latitudes. Moreover, species with different distribution patterns responded differently to climate change in that large‐ranged species tended to increase in occupancy over time, whereas small‐ranged species tended to decrease.CONCLUSIONThis result indicates that some pests that have not yet become notable may have the chance to develop into serious pests in the future due to the expansion of their geographical range. Our findings highlight that soybean cultivated regions at mid‐latitudes would face general infestations from soybean true bug pests under global warming. These results will further facilitate the formulation of adaptation planning to minimize local environmental impacts in the future. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.