bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitors of glutamate release from breast cancer cells; new targets for cancer-induced bone-pain
Authors: Fazzari Jennifer , Lin Hanxin , Murphy Cecilia , Ungard Robert , Singh Gurmit 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGlutamate is an important signaling molecule in a wide variety of tissues. Aberrant glutamatergic signaling disrupts normal tissue homeostasis and induces several disruptive pathological conditions including pain. Breast cancer cells secrete high levels of glutamate and often metastasize to bone. Exogenous glutamate can disrupt normal bone turnover and may be responsible for cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). CIBP is a significant co-morbidity that affects quality of life for many advanced-stage breast cancer patients. Current treatment options are commonly accompanied by serious side-effects that negatively impact patient care. Identifying small molecule inhibitors of glutamate release from aggressive breast cancer cells advances a novel, mechanistic approach to targeting CIBP that could advance treatment for several pathological conditions. Using high-throughput screening, we investigated the ability of approximately 30,000 compounds from the Canadian Compound Collection to reduce glutamate release from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. This line is known to secrete high levels of glutamate and has been demonstrated to induce CIBP by this mechanism. Positive chemical hits were based on the potency of each molecule relative to a known pharmacological inhibitor of glutamate release, sulfasalazine. Efficacy was confirmed and drug-like molecules were identified as potent inhibitors of glutamate secretion from MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and Mat-Ly-Lu cells.
Tuning Interior Nanogaps of Double-shelled Au/Ag Nanoboxes for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Zhang Weiqing , Rahmani Mohsen , Niu Wenxin , Ravaine Serge , Hong Minghui , Lu Xianmao 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDouble-shelled Au/Ag hollow nanoboxes with precisely controlled interior nanogaps (1 to 16 nm) were synthesized for gap-tunable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The double-shelled nanoboxes were prepared via a two-step galvanic replacement reaction approach using Ag nanocubes as the templates, while 4-aminothiolphenol (4-ATP) as SERS probe molecules were loaded between the two shells. More than 10-fold enhancement of SERS is observed from the double-shelled nanoboxes than Ag nanocubes. In addition, the SERS of the double-shelled nanoboxes increase significantly with the decrease of gap size, consistent with the theoretical prediction that smaller gap size induces larger localized electromagnetic enhancement.
Down-Regulation of Human Enteric Antimicrobial Peptides by NOD2 during Differentiation of the Paneth Cell Lineage
Authors: Tan Gao , Li Run-hua , Li Chen , Wu Fang , Zhao Xin-mei , Ma Jia-yi , Lei Shan , Zhang Wen-di , Zhi Fa-chao 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIleal Crohn's disease (CD) arising from the alteration of intestinal homeostasis is characterized by two features, namely a decrease in Paneth cell-produced antimicrobial peptides that play a key role in maintaining this balance and an increase in NOD2, an intracellular sensor. Although mutations in NOD2 are highly correlated with the incidence of CD, the physiological role of NOD2 in intestinal immunity remains elusive. Here, we show that NOD2 can down-regulate the expression of human enteric antimicrobial peptides during differentiation of the Paneth cell lineage. This finding, which links the decrease of human enteric antimicrobial peptides to increased NOD2 in ileal CD patients, provides a new view into the pathogenesis of ileal CD.
Microscopic Receding Contact Line Dynamics on Pillar and Irregular Superhydrophobic Surfaces
Authors: Yeong Yong Han , Milionis Athanasios , Loth Eric , Bayer Ilker S. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractReceding angles have been shown to have great significance when designing a superhydrophobic surface for applications involving self-cleaning. Although apparent receding angles under dynamic conditions have been well studied, the microscopic receding contact line dynamics are not well understood. Therefore, experiments were performed to measure these dynamics on textured square pillar and irregular superhydrophobic surfaces at micron length scales and at micro-second temporal scales. Results revealed a consistent “slide-snap” motion of the microscopic receding line as compared to the “stick-slip” dynamics reported in previous studies. Interface angles between 40–60° were measured for the pre-snap receding lines on all pillar surfaces. Similar “slide-snap” dynamics were also observed on an irregular nanocomposite surface. However, the sharper features of the surface asperities resulted in a higher pre-snap receding line interface angle (~90°).
Integrin-Linked Kinase links Dynactin-1/Dynactin-2 with cortical Integrin receptors to orient the mitotic spindle relative to the substratum
Authors: Morris Edward James , Assi Kiran , Salh Baljinder , Dedhar Shoukat 
Published: February 2015

AbstractCells must divide strictly along a plane to form an epithelial layer parallel to the basal lamina. The axis of cell division is primarily governed by the orientation of the mitotic spindle and spindle misorientation pathways have been implicated in cancer initiation. While β1-Integrin and the Dynein/Dynactin complex are known to be involved, the pathways linking these complexes in positioning mitotic spindles relative to the basal cortex and extracellular matrix remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that Integrin-Linked Kinase (ILK) and α-Parvin regulate mitotic spindle orientation by linking Dynactin-1 and Dynactin-2 subunits of the Dynein/Dynactin complex to Integrin receptors at the basal cortex of mitotic cells. ILK and α-Parvin are required for spindle orientation. ILK interacts with Dynactin-1 and Dynactin-2 and ILK siRNA attenuates Dynactin-2 localization to the basal cortex. Furthermore we show that Dynactin-2 can no longer colocalize or interact with Integrins when ILK is absent, suggesting mechanistically that ILK is acting as a linking protein. Finally we demonstrate that spindle orientation and cell proliferation are disrupted in intestinal epithelial cells in vivo using tissue-specific ILK knockout mice. These data demonstrate that ILK is a linker between Integrin receptors and the Dynactin complex to regulate mitotic spindle orientation.
Photoresponse dynamics in amorphous-LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces
Authors: Di Gennaro Emiliano , Coscia Ubaldo , Ambrosone Giuseppina , Khare Amit , Granozio Fabio Miletto , di Uccio Umberto Scotti 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe time-resolved photoconductance of amorphous and crystalline LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces, both hosting an interfacial 2-dimensional electron gas, is investigated under irradiation by variable-wavelengths, visible or ultraviolet photons. Unlike bare SrTiO3 single crystals, showing relatively small photoconductance effects, both kinds of interfaces exhibit an intense and highly persistent photoconductance with extraordinarily long characteristic times. The temporal behaviour of the extra photoinduced conductance persisting after light irradiation shows a complex dependence on interface type (whether amorphous or crystalline), sample history and irradiation wavelength. The experimental results indicate that different mechanisms of photoexcitation are responsible for the photoconductance of crystalline and amorphous LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces under visible light. We propose that the response of crystalline samples is mainly due to the promotion of electrons from the valence bands of both SrTiO3 and LaAlO3. This second channel is less relevant in amorphous LaAlO3/SrTiO3, where the higher density of point defects plays instead a major role.
DC/DC converter with parallel input and parallel output with shared power switches and rectifier diodes
Authors: Lin Bor‐Ren , Chu Chung‐Wei 
Published: February 2015

A DC/DC converter with parallel input and parallel output circuit topology is presented to achieve the main features of reduced switch count and medium power level compared with conventional parallel half‐bridge resonant converter. The proposed converter has three resonant circuits to share load currents and reduce the current stress of circuit components. These three resonant circuits use the same power switches to deliver power from input side to output load so that the switch counts are reduced compared with the conventional parallel resonant converter. The rectifier diodes at the secondary side of three resonant circuits are partially used in common so that the diode counts are also reduced. Since three resonant circuits are connected in parallel, the sizes of the transformers and active and passive components are reduced. The switching frequency of the proposed converter is operated to be less than the series resonant frequency. Thus, active switches are turned on under zero voltage switching and rectifier diodes are turned off under zero current switching. A 1.6 kW laboratory prototype is designed and constructed to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed circuit.
A Long-Term Longitudinal Examination of the Effect of Early Onset of Alcohol and Drug use on Later Alcohol Abuse
Authors: Ohannessian Christine McCauley , Finan Laura J. , Schulz Jessica , Hesselbrock Victor 
Published: February 2015

Background Early onset of alcohol use has been linked to later alcohol problems in adulthood. Currently, it is not clear whether early onset of marijuana and tobacco use similarly predicts alcohol problems. Moreover, most studies examining the effect of early substance use onset on later problems only have followed youth into their early 20s. Therefore, the primary goal of this study was to examine whether early onset of alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco use predicts alcohol problems beyond the transition to adulthood. Methods The sample included 225 15–19-year-old youth (60% girls; 62% Caucasian) who were surveyed in three time periods: 1993–1998 (Time 1), 1998–2003 (Time 2), and 2003–2007 (Time 3). Participants reported their age of onset for regular drinking, tobacco use, and marijuana use. At each time of measurement, they also completed surveys relating to their alcohol use and abuse. Results Participants with an earlier age of onset of drinking regularly scored higher on the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) and drank more frequently to get high and drunk throughout their 20s. Tobacco use onset and marijuana use onset were not associated with later alcohol use or abuse. Conclusions Results from this study suggest that the relationship between the onset of substance use and later substance abuse may be substance specific. Of note, early onset of regular drinking was associated with alcohol problems during adulthood, underscoring the importance of delaying the onset of regular alcohol use among youth.
Defining Nonmedical Use of Prescription Opioids within Health Care Claims: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cochran Gerald , Woo Bongki , Lo-Ciganic Wei-Hsuan , Gordon Adam J. , Donohue Julie M. , Gellad Walid F. 
Published: February 2015

Background Health insurance claims data may play an important role for health care systems and payers in monitoring the nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NMPO) among patients. However, these systems require valid methods for identifying NMPO if they are to target individuals for intervention. Limited efforts have been made to define NMPO using administrative data available to health systems and payers. We conducted a systematic review of publications that defined and measured NMPO within health insurance claims databases in order to describe definitions of NMPO and identify areas for improvement. Methods We searched 8 electronic databases for articles that included terms related to NMPO and health insurance claims. A total of 2613 articles were identified in our search. Titles, abstracts, and article full texts were assessed according to predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Following article selection, we extracted general information, conceptual and operational definitions of NMPO, methods used to validate operational definitions of NMPO, and rates of NMPO. Results A total of 7 studies met all inclusion criteria. A range of conceptual NMPO definitions emerged, from concrete concepts of abuse to qualified definitions of probable misuse. Operational definitions also varied, ranging from variables that rely on diagnostic codes to those that rely on opioid dosage and/or filling patterns. Quantitative validation of NMPO definitions was reported in 3 studies (e.g., receiver operating curves or logistic regression), with each study indicating adequate validity. Three studies reported qualitative validation, using face and content validity. One study reported no validation efforts. Rates of NMPO among the studies’ populations ranged from 0.75% to 10.32%. Conclusions Disparate definitions of NMPO emerged from the literature, with little uniformity in conceptualization and operationalization. Validation approaches were also limited, and rates of NMPO varied across studies. Future research should prospectively test and validate a construct of NMPO to disseminate to payers and health officials.
The relationship between stocking eggs in boreal spawning rivers and the abundance of brown trout parr
Authors: Syrjänen Jukka Tapani , Ruokonen Timo Juhani , Ketola Tarmo , Valkeajärvi Pentti 
Published: February 2015

AbstractStocking with eggs has been widely used as a management measure to support degraded salmonid stocks. In Finland, Atlantic salmon and both sea-migrating and lake-migrating brown trout are stocked as eggs, alevins, fry, parr, and smolt, whereas trout are also stocked as mature fish. The aim of this stocking is to improve catches and to support collapsed spawning stocks. We assessed the success of stocking with brown trout eggs in a study of 17 Finnish boreal forest rivers, of which 9 were subject to egg stocking. All rivers contained some naturally spawning trout. In 16 rivers, including non-stocking years and unstocked rivers, egg stocking did not increase the total (wild and stocked) density of 0-year-old parr. However, those rivers with higher existing trout densities in non-stocking years seemed to benefit most from stocking, suggesting some role of river-specific extrinsic factors affecting egg-to-parr survival. In one river monitored for 14 years, only a weak correlation was found between the total density of 0-year-old parr and the number of eggs stocked. However, in nine parr samples from five rivers, the mean proportion of parr derived from stocked eggs was 40%. The mean survival to first autumn parr of egg-stocked and wild individuals was 1.0 and 3.3%, respectively. Probable reasons for the detected low to moderate impact of egg-stocking are (i) large variation in total parr density between years and rivers, (ii) small number of stocked eggs, (iii) placing egg boxes and egg pockets in unsuitable microhabitats, and (iv) unsuitable emergence time of egg-stocked individuals, or other extrinsic factors creating extra mortality. We recommend field and laboratory experiments to improve and standardize stocking methods, and monitoring the connection of wild spawning stocks and parr recruitment. Finally, we encourage fishery authorities to create clear management goals for threatened wild salmonid stocks.
Antibiotic research and development: business as usual?
Authors: Harbarth S. , Theuretzbacher U. , Hackett J. ,   on behalf of the DRIVE-AB consortium, Adriaenssens Niels , Anderson James , Antonisse Ad , Årdal Christine , Baillon-Plot Nathalie , Baraldi Enrico , Bettiol Esther , Bhatti Taimur , Bradshaw David , Brown Nicholas , Carmeli Yehuda , Cars Otto , Charbonneau Claudie , Cheng Sue , Ciabuschi Francesco , Cirino Joseph , Clift Charles , Colson Abby , Dane Aaron , De-Lima Natalie , Dooa Mindy , Drabik Dusan , Eisenstein Barry , Farquhar Ronald , Fidan Dogan , Findlay David , Galli Frederic , Gilchrist Kim , Gilman Steve , Goeschl Timo , Goodall Jonathan , Goossens Herman , Gouglas Dimitrios , Guise Tracey , Gyssens Inge , Hallerbäck Peter , Heymann David , Hoffman Steven , Howell Jenny , Hulscher Marlies , Hunt Timothy , Huttner Benedikt , Jantarada Fabricio , Jaquest Dominique , Joly Florence , Ka Lum , Karas Andreas , Knirsch Charles , Kullberg Bart-Jan , Laxminarayan Ramanan , Le Maréchal Marion , Legros Stéphane , Lilliott Nicky , Lindgren Eva , Longshaw Chris , Mahoney Nicole , Mastrangelo Dana , McDonald John , McKeever Steve , Mepham Tim , Milanic Romina , Monnier Annelie , Morel Chantal , Morton Alec , Mossialos Elias , Nolet Brigitte , Outterson Kevin , Payne David , Piddock Laura , Plahte Jens , Potter Danielle , Pulcini Céline , Rex John , Ross Emma , Rottingen John-Arne , Ryan Kellie , Ryan James , Salimi Tehseen , Schouten Jeroen , Schultz Suzanne , So Antony , Spiesser Julie , Stålhammar Nils-Olov , Stanic Mirji , Tacconelli Evelina , Temkin Liz , Trick Donald , Vink Patrick , Vlahovic-Palcevski Vera , Watt Maureen , Wells Marc , Wesseler Justus , White Alex , Wood Susan , Zanichelli Veronica , Zorzet Anna 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The global burden of antibiotic resistance is tremendous and, without new anti-infective strategies, will continue to increase in the coming decades. Despite the growing need for new antibiotics, few pharmaceutical companies today retain active antibacterial drug discovery programmes. One reason is that it is scientifically challenging to discover new antibiotics that are active against the antibiotic-resistant bacteria of current clinical concern. However, the main hurdle is diminishing economic incentives. Increased global calls to minimize the overuse of antibiotics, the cost of meeting regulatory requirements and the low prices of currently marketed antibiotics are strong deterrents to antibacterial drug development programmes. New economic models that create incentives for the discovery of new antibiotics and yet reconcile these incentives with responsible antibiotic use are long overdue. DRIVE-AB is a €9.4 million public–private consortium, funded by the EU Innovative Medicines Initiative, that aims to define a standard for the responsible use of antibiotics and to develop, test and recommend new economic models to incentivize investment in producing new anti-infective agents.
Nursing domain of CI governance: recommendations for health IT adoption and optimization
Authors: Collins Sarah A , Alexander Dana , Moss Jacqueline 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Context There is a lack of recommended models for clinical informatics (CI) governance that can facilitate successful health information technology implementation.
Objectives To understand existing CI governance structures and provide a model with recommended roles, partnerships, and councils based on perspectives of nursing informatics leaders.
Design, Setting, Participants We conducted a cross-sectional study through administering a survey via telephone to facilitate semistructured interviews from June 2012 through November 2012. We interviewed 12 nursing informatics leaders, across the United States, currently serving in executive- or director-level CI roles at integrated health care systems that have pioneered electronic health records implementation projects.
Results We found the following 4 themes emerge: (1) Interprofessional partnerships are essential. (2) Critical role-based levels of practice and competencies need to be defined. (3) Integration into existing clinical infrastructure facilitates success. (4) CI governance is an evolving process. We described specific lessons learned and a model of CI governance with recommended roles, partnerships, and councils from the perspective of nursing informatics leaders.
Conclusion Applied CI work is highly interprofessional with patient safety implications that heighten the need for best practice models for governance structures, adequate resource allocation, and role-based competencies. Overall, there is a notable lack of a centralized CI group comprised of formally trained informaticians to provide expertise and promote adherence to informatics principles within EHR implementation governance structures. Our model of the nursing domain of CI governance with recommended roles, partnerships, and councils provides a starting point that should be further explored and validated. Not only can the model be used to understand, shape, and standardize roles, competencies, and structures within CI practice for nursing, it can be used within other clinical domains and by other informaticians.
Drug-drug interaction checking assisted by clinical decision support: a return on investment analysis
Authors: Helmons Pieter J , Suijkerbuijk Bas O , Nannan Panday Prashant V , Kosterink Jos GW 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackground Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are very prevalent in hospitalized patients.Objectives To determine the number of DDI alerts, time saved, and time invested after suppressing clinically irrelevant alerts and adding clinical-decision support to relevant alerts.Materials and methods The most frequently occurring DDIs were evaluated for clinical relevance by a multidisciplinary expert panel. Pharmacist evaluation of relevant DDIs was facilitated using computerized decision support systems (CDSS). During Phase 1, only CDSS-assisted DDI checking was implemented. During Phase 2, CDSS-assisted DDI checking remained in place, and clinically irrelevant DDIs were suppressed. In each phase, the number of alerts and duration of pharmacist DDI checking were compared to conventional DDI checking. In addition, the time invested to implement and configure the CDSS was compared to the time saved using CDSS-assisted DDI checking.Results CDSS-assisted DDI checking resulted in a daily decrease of DDI checking alerts from 65 to 47 alerts in Phase 1 (P = .03) and from 73 to 33 alerts in Phase 2 (P = .003). DDI checking duration decreased from 15 to 11 minutes (P = .044) and from 15½ to 8½ minutes (P = .001) in Phases 1 and 2, respectively. Almost 298 of the 392 hours required for implementation were invested by pharmacists. An annual timesaving of 30 hours yielded a return on investment of 9.8 years.Conclusion CDSS-assisted DDI checking resulted in a 55% reduction of the number of alerts and a 45% reduction in time spent on DDI checking, yielding a return on investment of almost 10 years. Our approach can be used to refine other drug safety checking modules, increasing the efficiency of checking for drug safety without the need to add more staff pharmacists.