bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel low complexity energy‐efficient resource allocation for OFDM systems
Authors: Kazemi Jafar , Omidi Mohammad Javad , Navaie Keivan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we study energy efficiency of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based system under power constraint and minimum rate requirement with system circuit power consideration. The optimal radio resource allocation is then formulated as an energy‐efficient maximisation where we propose a novel low complexity solution for obtaining the optimal solution. The solution consists of the optimal source transmission power and its distribution among subcarriers. In spite of the iterative solution with high computational complexity in previous works, we propose a quickly convergent low complexity scheme based on solving a nonlinear logarithmic equation. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method, we compared its accuracy through simulations with the optimal solution in systems with and without circuit power consideration. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed method provide accurate solutions in both low and high signal to noise ratio regimes. The simulation results also indicate using our proposed method results in a significant improvement in the computational complexity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical simulation of two‐dimensional Kelvin–Helmholtz instability using weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: Yue Thomas , Pearce Frazer , Kruisbrink Arno , Morvan Herve 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThe growth of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability generated at the interface between two ideal gases is studied by means of a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) scheme suitable for multi‐fluids. The SPH scheme is based on the continuity equation approach where the densities of SPH particles are evolved during the simulation, in combination with a momentum equation previously proposed in the literature. A series of simulations were carried out to investigate the influence of viscosity, smoothing, the thickness of density and velocity transition layers. It was found that the effective viscosity of the presented results are strongly dependent on the artificial viscosity parameter αAV, with a linear dependence of 0.15. The utilisation of a viscosity switch is found to significantly reduce the spurious viscosity dependence to 1.68 × 10−4 and generated qualitatively improved behaviour for inviscid fluids. The linear growth rate in the numerical solutions is found to be in satisfactory agreement with analytical expectations, with an average relative error 〈ηsmooth〉=13%. In addition, the role played by velocity and density transition layers is also in general agreement with the analytical theory, except for the sharp‐velocity, finite‐density gradient cases where the larger growth rate than the classical growth rate is expected. We argue the inherited smoothing properties of the velocity field during the simulations are responsible for causing this discrepancy. Finally, the SPH results are in good agreement for finite velocity and density gradient scenarios, where an average relative error of 〈ηsmooth〉=11.5% is found in our work. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Turning off of GluN2B subunits and turning on of CICR in hippocampal LTD induction after developmental GluN2 subunit switch
Authors: Yasuda Hiroki , Mukai Hideyuki 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTNMDA receptors (NMDARs) are essential for the induction of synaptic plasticity that mediates activity‐dependent refinement of neural circuits during development. GluN2B subunits of NMDARs are abundant at synapses in the immature hippocampus and begin to be replaced by GluN2A subunits with the help of casein kinase 2 activity in the second postnatal week, the critical period for the GluN2 subunit switch (Sanz‐Clemente et al. (2000) Neuron 67:984–996). However, the physiological role of GluN2B subunits in the hippocampus during this critical period has not been elucidated. Here, we report that GluN2B subunits mediate the induction of long‐term depression (LTD) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus only until this period. Ifenprodil and Ro25‐6981, selective inhibitors of NMDARs containing GluN2B subunits, blocked LTD in postnatal Day 11–14 (P11–14) rat hippocampal slices but not in P18–22 hippocampus. Just a few days after P14, synaptic NMDAR currents became narrower than those at P11–14, and calcium influx through NMDARs must be reduced. We found that calcium‐induced calcium release (CICR) through ryanodine receptors starts to support the induction of NMDAR‐dependent LTD at P18–22. Intracellular application of thapsigargin and ryanodine, inhibitors of Ca2+‐ATP pumps on internal stores and ryanodine receptors, respectively, did not at all affect LTD in the hippocampus at P11–14 but completely blocked LTD in the P18–22 hippocampus. Therefore, calcium influx through NMDAR with GluN2B subunits is sufficient to induce LTD at P11–14, after which CICR compensates for the decrease in calcium influx during LTD induction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toxicity induced by Basic Violet 14, Direct Red 28 and Acid Red 26 in zebrafish larvae
Authors: Shen Bing , Liu Hong‐Cui , Ou Wen‐Bin , Eilers Grant , Zhou Sheng‐Mei , Meng Fan‐Guo , Li Chun‐Qi , Li Yong‐Quan 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBasic Violet 14, Direct Red 28 and Acid Red 26 are classified as carcinogenic dyes in the European textile ecology standard, despite insufficient toxicity data. In this study, the toxicity of these dyes was assessed in a zebrafish model, and the underlying toxic mechanisms were investigated. Basic Violet 14 and Direct Red 28 showed acute toxicity with a LC50 value at 60.63 and 476.84 µg ml–1, respectively, whereas the LC50 of Acid Red 26 was between 2500 and 2800 µg ml–1. Treatment with Basic Violet 14, Direct Red 28 and Acid Red 26 resulted in common developmental abnormalities including delayed yolk sac absorption and swimming bladder deflation. Hepatotoxicity was observed in zebrafish treated with Basic Violet 14, and cardiovascular toxicity was found in zebrafish treated with Acid Red 26 at concentrations higher than 2500 µg ml–1. Basic Violet 14 also caused significant up‐regulation of GCLC gene expression in a dose‐dependent manner whereas Acid Red 26 induced significant up‐regulation of NKX2.5 and down‐regulation of GATA4 at a high concentration in a dose‐dependent manner. These results suggest that Basic Violet 14, Direct Red 28 and Acid Red 26 induce developmental and organ‐specific toxicity, and oxidative stress may play a role in the hepatotoxicity of Basic Violet 14, the suppressed GATA4 expression may have a relation to the cardiovascular toxicity of Acid Red 26. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of G‐CSF on the osteoinductive property of a BCP/blood clot composite
Authors: Paul Adrien J. , Momier David , Boukhechba Florian , Michiels Jean‐François , Lagadec Patricia , Rochet Nathalie 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe previously reported that blood clot combined with biphasic calcium phosphate microparticles constitute a biomaterial (BRB) that can repair a bone critical defect in rat and induces subcutaneous bone formation in mice. The granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) is the agent most commonly used in human to enrich blood with hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as well as granulocytes (GCs). Moreover, recent data also suggest that it can mobilize mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we asked whether the osteoinductive properties of the BRB could be further enhanced by G‐CSF, either by replacing normal blood by G‐CSF‐mobilized blood (BRBe) or by treating the recipient animals with G‐CSF. The experiments performed in C57BL/6 mice showed that G‐CSF induces a marked increase of circulating HPCs and GCs, but not of MSCs. BRBe prepared with G‐CSF‐enriched blood induced a slight but significant decrease of subcutaneous bone formation compared to BRB prepared with normal blood. Additional injection of G‐CSF to the recipient mice had no significant effect on the bone formation induced by BRB or BRBe. Altogether these results indicate that, in this model of ectopic implantation, cell mobilization induced by G‐CSF has a negative effect on the osteoinductive property of this blood/BCP composite. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2830–2838, 2015.
Local delivery of COMP‐angiopoietin 1 accelerates new bone formation in rat calvarial defects
Authors: Lim Shin‐Saeng , Kook Sung‐Ho , Bhattarai Govinda , Cho Eui‐Sic , Seo Young‐Kwon , Lee Jeong‐Chae 
Published: February 2015

AbstractRecombinant COMP‐Ang1, a chimera of angiopoietin‐1 (Ang1) and a short coiled‐coil domain of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), is under consideration as a therapeutic agent in bone reconstruction. However, the potential of COMP‐Ang1 to regenerate impaired bone and induce new bone formation has not been completely explored. In this study, male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent calvarial defect surgery and divided into two groups: scaffold treatment alone (control group) and COMP‐Ang1‐impregnated scaffold (COMP‐Ang1 group). According to live micro‐CT and histological analyses, the COMP‐Ang1 group showed greater new bone formation and maturation than did the control both four and eight weeks after surgery. The values of bone volume, bone mineral density, and bone surface were also higher in the COMP‐Ang1 group than in the control at the same weeks after surgery. In addition, the delivery of COMP‐Ang1 facilitated significantly the expression of osteoblast‐specific markers such as runt‐related transcription factor 2 (p < 0.001), osterix (p < 0.001), bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (p < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.01), osteocalcin (p < 0.001), and type I collagen (p < 0.05) in newly formed bone, compared with the control. Immunohistochemistric assay supported the COMP‐Ang1‐facilitated induction of bone‐specific markers. Furthermore, COMP‐Ang1 augmented the mRNA expression of angiogenic factors, especially of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, stromal cell‐derived factor 1, and Tie‐2 in the defect site. Our current findings demonstrate for the first time that a local delivery of recombinant COMP‐Ang1 promotes bone formation in calvarial defects, which is coupled with enhanced angiogenesis and chemoattraction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2942–2951, 2015.
Client‐Therapist Alliance Discrepancies and Outcome in Cognitive‐Behavioral Therapy for Youth Anxiety
Authors: Zandberg Laurie J. , Skriner Laura C. , Chu Brian C. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundStudies exploring the association between alliance and outcome in youth cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) have yielded inconsistent results based upon whose perspective is measured.ObjectiveThe current study explored the degree to which youth with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, anxiety disorders and their therapists agree in their ratings of the alliance at multiple assessment points and evaluated whether inter‐rater discrepancies predicted treatment outcome.MethodYouth (N= 62;Mage= 12.43,SD= .76) received empirically supported CBT. Paired samplesttests assessed for significant disagreement between youth‐ and therapist‐rated alliance at sessions 4, 8, and 12. Regression analyses were conducted to evaluate whether discrepancies between raters at each time point predicted posttreatment anxiety symptom scores.ResultsOverall, alliance was positive for both child (aged 7–12 years) and adolescent (aged 13–16 years) clients. Discrepancies between youth and therapist ratings of alliance were statistically significant at session 4 for children and session 8 for adolescents, with youth rating the relationship more favorably than therapists. However, rating discrepancies did not predict youth‐ or parent‐reported treatment outcome.ConclusionsConsiderable variability may exist between youth and therapist perspectives on the therapeutic alliance, indicating potential attunement problems, particularly during earlier phases of treatment. However, these discrepancies did not negatively affect treatment response. Implications for alliance research and clinical practice are discussed.
Bioactive quinone derivatives from the marine brown alga Sargassum thunbergii induce anti‐adipogenic and pro‐osteoblastogenic activities
Authors: Kim Jung‐Ae , Karadeniz Fatih , Ahn Byul‐Nim , Kwon Myeong Sook , Mun Ok‐Ju , Bae Min Joo , Seo Youngwan , Kim Mihyang , Lee Sang‐Hyeon , Kim Yuck Yong , Mi‐Soon Jang , Kong Chang‐Suk 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDHealth problems related to the lack of bone formation are a major problem for ageing populations in the modern world. As a part of the ongoing trend to develop natural substances that attenuate bone loss in osteoporosis, the effects of the edible brown alga Sargassum thunbergii and its active contents on adipogenic differentiation in 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts and osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3‐E1 pre‐osteoblasts were evaluated.RESULTSTreatment with S. thunbergii significantly reduced lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic differentiation markers such as peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c. In addition, S. thunbergii successfully enhanced osteoblast differentiation as indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity along raised levels of osteoblastogenesis indicators, namely bone morphogenetic protein‐2, osteocalcin and collagen type I. Two compounds, sargaquinoic and sargahydroquinoic acid, were isolated from active extract and shown to be active by means of osteogenesis inducement.CONCLUSIONS. thunbergii could be a source for functional food ingredients for improved treatment of osteoporosis and obesity. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of 595 nm pulsed dye laser on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in cultured keloid fibroblasts
Authors: Zhu Rongyi , Yue Baishuang , Yang Qiaorong , Ma Ying , Huang Guiqin , Guan Ming , Avram Mathew M. , Lu Zhong 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of pulsed dye laser (PDL 595 nm) on the proliferation and expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in cultured keloid fibroblasts.Materials and MethodsCultured keloid fibroblasts were exposed to pulsed dye laser irradiation at fluences of 6, 8, and 10 J/cm2, with pulse durations of 1.5, 3, and 10 ms. The viability of keloid fibroblasts was measured with CCK‐8 at 72, 24, and 12 hours prior to irradiation. Subsequently, viability was measured at 12, 24, and 72 hours post‐irradiation. Additionally, the fibroblast cell cycle and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry. Finally, keloid fibroblasts underwent real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot to investigate the CTGF mRNA and protein expression after PDL irradiation. The untreated cultured keloid fibroblasts served as controls.ResultsThe proliferation of keloid fibroblasts was significantly inhibited after PDL irradiation. Both CTGF mRNA and protein expression were significantly down‐regulated in 1.5, 3, and 10 ms pulse duration groups, in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between groups of different pulse duration in 6, 8, and 10 J/cm2 fluence ranges (P > 0.05).ConclusionsWithin certain fluence ranges, pulsed dye laser can effectively suppress the growth of keloids and significantly down‐regulate CTGF mRNA and CTGF expression. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:203–209, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A phase I trial and viral clearance study of reovirus (Reolysin) in children with relapsed or refractory extra‐cranial solid tumors: A Children's Oncology Group Phase I Consortium report
Authors: Kolb E . Anders , Sampson Valerie , Stabley Deborah , Walter Alexa , Sol‐Church Katia , Cripe Timothy , Hingorani Pooja , Ahern Charlotte Hsieh , Weigel Brenda J. , Zwiebel James , Blaney Susan M. 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundReovirus is a naturally occurring human virus that is cytopathic to malignant cells possessing an activated Ras signaling pathway. We conducted a phase I trial of Reolysin, a manufactured, proprietary isolate of purified reovirus, in children with relapsed/refractory extracranial solid tumors to define the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), toxicities, and pharmacokinetic properties when administered as a single agent or in combination with cyclophosphamide.ProceduresReolysin was administered intravenously for 5 consecutive days, every 28 days. Using a 3 + 3 design, the following dose levels were evaluated: 3 × 108 Tissue Culture Inhibitory Dose 50% (TCID50)/kg; 5 × 108 TCID50/kg (maximum dose was 3 × 1010 TCID50); and 5 × 108 TCID50/kg plus oral cyclophosphamide (50 mg/m2/day × 21 days).ResultsTwenty‐nine patients were enrolled; 28 were eligible and 24 were evaluable for toxicity and response. There were no hematologic dose‐limiting toxicities. Grade 5 respiratory failure and a Grade 5 thromboembolic event were reported, both in the setting of progressive disease. The median time to clear the reovirus viremia was 6.5 days. Eight of 24 patients were viremic beyond the 5 days of therapy, all were negative by day 17. No patient had detectable viral RNA in saliva or stool. There were no objective responses.ConclusionsReolysin at a dose of 5 × 108 TCID50/kg daily for 5 days was well tolerated in children alone and in combination with oral cyclophosphamide. Virus was cleared rapidly from the serum and shedding in stool and saliva was not detectable. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:751–758. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stress induced reversible crystal transition in polymers
Authors: Liu Guoming , Zhang Xiuqin , Wang Dujin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis minireview introduces the state of the art in the stress induced reversible crystal transition phenomenon frequently found in polyethers and polyesters. This type of crystal transition is thermodynamically a first order phase transition. Microscopically, it generally corresponds to a change from gauche conformers to trans conformers under external stress, which leads to longer repeating length per monomeric unit along polymer chains. The dimension of the lamellar structure is influenced by the crystal transition as well. The crystal lattice parameters, chain conformation, critical stress and the energy barrier for crystal transition in different polymers are summarized. The mechanical property features imparted by the reversible crystal transition are briefly introduced. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Long‐term, long‐distance recording of a living migrating neuron by scanning ion conductance microscopy
Authors: Gesper Astrid , Thatenhorst Denis , Wiese Stefan , Tsai Teresa , Dietzel Irmgard D. , Happel Patrick 
Published: February 2015

SummaryBias‐free, three‐dimensional imaging of entire living cellular specimen is required for investigating shape and volume changes that occur during cellular growth or migration. Here we present fifty consecutive recordings of a living cultured neuron from a mouse dorsal root ganglion obtained by Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM). We observed a saltatory migration of the neuron with a mean velocity of approximately 20 μm/h. These results demonstrate the non‐invasiveness of SICM, which makes it unique among the scanning probe microscopes. In contrast to SICM, most scanning probe techniques require a usually denaturating preparation of the cells, or they exert a non‐negligible force on the cellular membrane, impeding passive observation. Moreover, the present series of recordings demonstrates the potential use of SICM for the detailed investigation of cellular migration and membrane surface dynamics even of such delicate samples as living neurons. SCANNING 37:226–231, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
What can obstetrician/gynecologists do to support abortion access?
Authors: Mark Alice G. , Wolf Merrill , Edelman Alison , Castleman Laura 
Published: February 2015

AbstractUnsafe abortion causes approximately13% of all maternal deaths worldwide, with higher rates in areas where abortion access is restricted. Because safe abortion is so low risk, if all women who needed an abortion could access safe care, this rate would drop dramatically. As women's health providers and advocates, obstetrician/gynecologists can support abortion access. By delivering high‐quality, evidence‐based care ourselves, supporting other providers who perform abortion, helping women who access abortion in the community, providing second‐trimester care, and improving contraceptive uptake, we can decrease morbidity and mortality from unsafe abortion.
Osler on Migraine
Authors: Boes Christopher J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWilliam Osler’s 1892 textbook The Principles and Practice of Medicine became the dominant medical text in the English-speaking world. Osler was labeled a therapeutic nihilist by some. The topic of migraine, including treatment, was succinctly covered in his text. The objectives of this study were to review Osler’s thoughts on migraine, and outline his therapeutic recommendations. Preventively Osler mentioned bromides, iron, arsenic, nitroglycerin, and cannabis. Acutely he recommended coffee, chloroform, cannabis, antipyrin, antifebrin, phenacetin, caffeine citrate, nux vomica, or ergot. He thought cannabis was the most satisfactory remedy. Osler was not a therapeutic nihilist when it came to migraine, and his treatment recommendations were similar to other writers of his time. Osler did not draw upon his personal experience to contribute new knowledge about migraine. Regardless, given the popularity and clarity of his text, Osler’s well-summarized migraine chapter had a great influence on practicing physicians.
Mind the Gap: State Capacity and the Implementation of Human Rights Treaties
Authors: Cole Wade M. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAccording to recent studies, international human rights treaties are ineffective, counterproductive, or else beneficial for only those countries that tend to respect human rights regardless of treaty membership. Analysts often attribute gaps between human rights principles and practices to willful disobedience, self-interested defection, and ineffective enforcement. Using two-stage regression models to analyze compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, I examine whether countries' inability (as opposed to unwillingness) to implement treaty terms is also responsible for the gap between commitment and compliance. I find that one dimension of state capacity in particular—bureaucratic efficacy—enhances levels of compliance with civil, political, and physical integrity rights provisions. These findings lend credence to an important aspect of the managerial approach—that noncompliance is often inadvertent and conditioned by a state's ability to implement treaty terms.