bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal-type posterior cerebral artery: the pitfall of parent artery occlusion for ruptured P2 segment and distal aneurysms
Authors: Xu Jing , Xu Liang , Wu Ziheng , Chen Xianyi , Yu Jun , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: March 2015

OBJECT
P2 segment and distal aneurysms are rare lesions of the cerebrovascular system. The efficacy and safety of endovascular occlusion for these types of aneurysms remain controversial. The aim of this study was to reveal risk factors for endovascular parent artery occlusion of ruptured P2 segment and distal aneurysms.

METHODS
Between March 2010 and November 2012, 812 patients with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm were admitted to the authors' hospital. Among them, 11 patients presented with P2 segment and distal posterior cerebral artery (PCA) aneurysms. These patients were subjected to endovascular treatment. Periprocedural data and clinical and angiographic records were studied retrospectively.

RESULTS
Of the patients with a ruptured PCA aneurysm, 2 of them underwent selective aneurismal coiling, and the remaining patients were treated with simultaneous occlusion of the parent artery. Patients with an adult-type PCA (n = 6), treated with either selective coiling or simultaneous parent artery occlusion, had no serious neurological deficits on follow-up. Four patients with a fetal-type PCA that was also occluded intraoperatively exhibited newly developed permanent paralysis and hemianopsia. However, 1 patient with a fetal-type PCA aneurysm that was selectively coiled recovered without complications. No recanalization was observed in any of the treated aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONS
Endovascular occlusion of an aneurysm and its parent artery is a safe and effective method for managing adult-type P2 segment and distal aneurysms. However, the authors' clinical data suggest that this method is of high risk for patients with fetal-type PCA aneurysms.
Influence of sea ice on the seasonal variability of hydrography and heat content in Tvärminne, Gulf of Finland
Authors: Merkouriadi Ioanna , Leppäranta Matti 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe seasonal variability of hydrography, heat content, freshwater budget and sea ice is examined for the past century in Tvärminne, Gulf of Finland. The aim was to evaluate the seasonal sea-ice impact on the physical properties of the coastal waters, which can also be subject to riverine influences. The Gulf of Finland is an optimal location for such a study, given the high interannual variability of the ice conditions. This is the first time annual cycles of physical properties have been analyzed based on such a long-term dataset in the Archipelago Sea. The maximum water temperature occurred in August at the sea surface, and at the bottom in September, with the 1 month lag due to vertical heat diffusion. The annual salinity cycle varied greatly in the surface layer. The variations were largely connected to sea-ice formation and break-up processes, and the ice cover, which prevented wind mixing of the surface waters. The largest heat loss occurred in November-December (∼150 W m-2) and the highest heat gain in June (∼180 W m-2) . Especially in April, latent heat released/absorbed in sea-ice formation/break-up contributed to a seasonal variation in heat budget of ∼40 W m -2.
Observations of interannual and spatial variability in rift propagation in the Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica, 2002–14
Authors: Walker Catherine C. , Bassis Jeremy N. , Fricker Helen A. , Czerwinski Robin J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIceberg calving and basal melting are the two primary mass loss processes from the Antarctic ice sheet, accounting for approximately equal amounts of mass loss. Basal melting under ice shelves has been increasingly well constrained in recent work, but changes in iceberg calving rates remain poorly quantified. Here we examine the processes that precede iceberg calving, and focus on initiation and propagation of ice-shelf rifts. Using satellite imagery from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), we monitored five active rifts on the Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica, from 2002 to 2014. We found a strong seasonal component: propagation rates were highest during (austral) summer and nearly zero during winter. We found substantial variability in summer propagation rates, but found no evidence that the variability was correlated with large-scale environmental drivers, such as atmospheric temperature, winds or sea-ice concentration. We did find a positive correlation between large propagation events and the arrival of tsunamis in the region. The variability appears to be related to visible structural boundaries within the ice shelf, e.g. suture zones or crevasse fields. This suggests that a complete understanding of rift propagation and iceberg calving needs to consider local heterogeneities within an ice shelf.
Pregnancy diagnosis in Black Bengal goat by progesterone assay
Authors: Islam MM , Kizaki K , Takahashi T , Khanom JS , Debnath S , Khandoker MAMY 
Published: March 2015

Pregnancy is the main event in the life of a female mammal to reproduce the progeny and maintain the descents of the species. Progesterone level in the plasma is one of the indications of stages of pregnancy of an individual and the present study was undertaken to determine the progesterone level in different stages of pregnant Black Bengal does and to correlate blood progesterone level with stages of pregnancy in Black Bengal does. For this experiment the blood samples were collected from different stages of pregnant and non-pregnant Black Bengal does, kids and bucks, and subjected to use for further study. The progesterone level was measured at 3 different stages of pregnancy (25-30 days, 60- 70 days, and 90-92 days) using the test kit (EIA TEST KIT Progesterone, Biocheck, Inc. Foster city, CA 94404 USA). Progesterone was also assayed in different ages of non-pregnant does, kids and bucks blood as the control. The logarithmic graph paper was used to calculate the progesterone level. The progesterone levels were found 1.5 ng/ml, 6.6-9.3 ng/ml and 14-15.5 ng/ml in 25-30 days, 60-70 days and 90-92 days of pregnancy, respectively. In case of non-pregnant does the progesterone level varied from 0.19-6.6 ng/ml in different ages. Whereas the progesterone level was found between <0.1 ng/ml and 4.4 ng/ml in kids blood samples and in case of bucks the progesterone level was <0.1 ng/ml. So, it is clear that the progesterone level simultaneously increased as the stages of pregnancy advanced in the blood of pregnant Black Bengal does.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i3.21645 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (3): 180-184
Production, detection, storage and release of spin currents
Authors: Cini Michele 
Published: March 2015

Background: Quantum rings connected to ballistic circuits couple strongly to external magnetic fields if the connection is not symmetric. Moreover, properly connected rings can be used to pump currents in the wires giving raise to a number of interesting new phenomena. At half filling using a time-dependent magnetic field in the plane of the ring one can pump a pure spin current, excited by the the spin–orbit interaction in the ring.Results: Such a magnetic current is even under time reversal and produces an electric field instead of the usual magnetic field. Numerical simulations show that one can use magnetizable bodies as storage units to concentrate and save the magnetization in much the same way as capacitors operating with charge currents store electric charge. The polarization obtained in this way can then be used on command to produce spin currents in a wire. These currents show interesting oscillations while the storage units exchange their polarizations.Conclusion: The magnetic production of spin currents can be a useful alternative to optical excitation and electric field methods.
Role of bone marrow derived pluripotent stem cells in peripheral nerve repair in adult rats: A morphometric evaluation
Authors: Kurwale Nilesh S. , Suri Vaishali , Srivastava Arati , Suri Ashish , Mohanti Sujata , Yadav Pradeep , Sharma Meher C. , Sarkar Chitra 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: Semi-quantitative and quantitative assessment of the effect of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) on early and late phase of nerve regeneration in rat sciatic nerve model. Materials and Methods: Sciatic nerve transection and repair was performed in 50 inbred female Wistar albino rats divided equally in two groups. In the test group the gap was filled with BM-MNCs obtained from the two male rats and fibrin sealant, while in the control group only fibrin sealant was used. Sciatic nerve was harvested at 15 days and at 60 days interval. Parameters of regeneration were assessed at anastomosis (G), intermediate distal (C), and distal site (A). Semi-quantitative (histopathological) and quantitative (morphometric) parameters were analyzed. Results: At 15 days there was a statistically significant difference found in mean axon diameter, mean nerve thickness and myelin thickness at the repair site (P < 0.05). However, in the distal areas, the axons were sparse and myelin rings were very thin in both the groups. At 60 days, the difference in above-mentioned parameters was statistically significant at the distal most sites. FISH assay confirmed the presence of Y chromosome, confirming the presence of BM-MNCs from the male rats. Conclusions: Transplanting BM-MNC S at the site of peripheral nerve injury leads to significantly better recovery. These differences were evident at the repair site and at the intermediate distal site at 15 days and at the distal most sites at 60 days. With practically no ethical issue regarding their isolation and application, they can be easily used for clinical trials.
Stressful life events, hopelessness, and coping strategies among impulsive suicide attempters
Authors: Kattimani Shivanand , Sarkar Siddharth , Rajkumar Ravi Philip , Menon Vikas 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Background: Suicides are among the most important causes of death in the economically productive population. Characteristics of impulsive and nonimpulsive suicide attempters may differ which would have a bearing on planning preventive measures. Aims: This study aimed to characterize the clinical and psychological profile of impulsive and nonimpulsive suicide attempters. Settings and Design: This retrospective comprehensive chart-based study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in South India. Methods: The study utilized records of patients over a period of 3 years. An attempt was considered impulsive if the time between suicidal idea and the attempt was <30 min. Stressful life events were assessed using presumptive stressful life events scale; hopelessness was evaluated using Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and coping was measured using Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form. Statistical Analysis Used: Impulsive and nonimpulsive suicide attempters were compared using appropriate inferential statistical tests. Results: Of 316 patients, 151 were classified as having an impulsive suicidal attempt (47.8% of the sample). The impulsive and nonimpulsive suicide attempters did not differ on demographic characteristics. Use of natural plant products was more common in impulsive attempters (27.2% vs. 12.7%), while physical methods like hanging was less common (0.7% vs. 7.3%). Those with an impulsive attempt were more likely to have a recent contact with a health professional (24.5% vs. 4.5%). Impulsive suicide attempters had higher scores on BHS (Mann-Whitney U = 7680.5, P < 0.001), and had recollected greater number of stressors. Conclusion: Impulsive suicide attempters differ from nonimpulsive suicide attempters in clinical features like methods of attempt, presence of hopelessness, and stressors.
Norms for a neuropsychological test battery to diagnose dementia in the elderly: A study from Sri Lanka
Authors: Srinivasan Srikanth , Jaleel Qadir 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Aims: To pilot a neuropsychological battery for diagnosing dementia and provide normative scores in an elderly Sri Lankan sample. Materials and Methods: Consecutive subjects over the age of 60 yrs were administered tests assessing the individual domains of language, verbal episodic memory, visual perceptuospatial skills and executive functions in the Sinhala language. Results: There were a total of 230 subjects in the final sample. The mean age of the entire sample was 69 years, mean education level was 12 years and the sample comprised 53% female. One-month test-retest reliability ranged from 0.71 to 0.85 for the various tests. Most tests were significantly influenced by age and education level but not gender. The exceptions to this were some language subtests (repetition, grammar comprehension and word picture matching) and two tests of executive functioning (maze completion and alternate target cancellation), which were uninfluenced by age. The subtests where ceiling performance was attained by almost all subjects were repetition, grammar comprehension and word picture matching from the language domain, dot position discrimination from the visuospatial domain and maze completion test from the executive function domain. Scores for various tests after stratifying subjects by age and educational level are given. Conclusions: The tests were well received and could provide a basis for cognitive profiling in similar settings elsewhere.
Central nervous system tumors: Radiologic pathologic correlation and diagnostic approach
Authors: Pant Ishita , Chaturvedi Sujata , Jha Deepak Kumar , Kumari Rima , Parteki Samta 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study was conducted to formulate location-wise radiologic diagnostic algorithms and assess their concordance with the final histopathological diagnosis so as to evaluate their utility in a rural setting where only basic facilities are available. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis to assess the concordance of radiology (primarily MRI) with final histopathology report was done. Based on the most common incidence of tumor location and basic radiology findings, diagnostic algorithms were prepared. Results: For supratentorial intraaxial parenchymal location concordance was seen in all high-grade astrocytomas, low- and high-grade oligodendrogliomas, metastatic tumors, primitive neuroectodermal tumors, high-grade ependymomas, neuronal and mixed neuro-glial tumors and tumors of hematopoietic system. Lowest concordance was seen in low-grade astrocytomas. In the supratentorial intraaxial ventricular location, agreement was observed in choroid plexus tumors, ependymomas, low-grade astrocytomas and meningiomas; in the supratentorial extraaxial location, except for the lack of concordance in the only case of metastatic tumor, concordance was observed in meningeal tumors, tumors of the sellar region, tumors of cranial and paraspinal nerves; the infratentorial intraaxial parenchymal location showed agreement in low- as well as high-grade astrocytomas, metastatic tumors, high-grade ependymoma, embryonal tumors and hematopoietic tumors; in the infratentorial intraaxial ventricular location, except for the lack of concordance in one case of low-grade astrocytoma and two cases of medulloblastomas, agreement was observed in low- and high-grade ependymoma; infratentorial extraaxial tumors showed complete agreement in all tumors of cranial and paraspinal nerves, meningiomas, and hematopoietic tumors. Conclusion: A location-based approach to central nervous system (CNS) tumors is helpful in establishing an appropriate differential diagnosis.
The effects of needle deformation during lumbar puncture
Authors: Özdemir Hasan Hüseyin , Demir Caner F. , Varol Sefer , Arslan Demet , Yıldız Mustafa , Akil Eşref 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess deformation of the tip and deflection from the axis of 22-gauge Quincke needles when they are used for diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP). Thus, it can be determined whether constructional alterations of needles are important for predicting clinical problems after diagnostic LP. Materials and Methods: The 22-gauge Quincke needles used for diagnostic LP were evaluated. A specially designed protractor was used for measurement and evaluation. Waist circumference was measured in each patient. Patients were questioned about headaches occurring after LP. Results: A total of 115 Quincke-type spinal needles used in 113 patients were evaluated. No deflection was detected in 38 (33.1%) of the needles. Deflection between 0.1° and 5° occurred in 43 (37.3%) of the needles and deflection ≥ 5.1° occurred in 34 patients (29.6%). Forty-seven (41.5%) patients experienced post lumbar puncture headache (PLPH) and 13 (11.5%) patients experienced intracranial hypotension (IH). No statistically significant correlation between the degree of deflection and headache was found (P > 0.05). Epidural blood patch was performed for three patients. Deformity in the form of bending like a hook occurred in seven needles and IH occurred in six patients using these needles. Two of the needles used in three patients requiring blood patch were found to be bent. Conclusion: Deformation of needles may increase complications after LP. Needle deformation may lead to IH. In case of deterioration in the structure of the needle, termination of the puncture procedure and the use of a new needle could reduce undesirable clinical consequences, especially IH.
Relationship between injury severity, random blood glucose and management outcome in a cohort of Nigerian patients with head injury
Authors: Adeolu Augustine A , Rabiu T B , Orhorhoro O I , Malomo A O , Shokunbi M T 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between injury severity, admission Random Blood Glucose [RBG] and management outcome in a cohort of Nigerian patients with Head Injury [HI]. Materials and Methods: RBG was determined at admission, twenty four hours as well as seventy two hours after admission in patients with head injury. Severity of injury was graded using Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Outcome of management was determined by Glasgow Outcome Score at discharge. Serum glucose level of ≥ 11.1 mmol/l was taken as hyperglycaemia. Analyses of variance [ANOVA] was used to determine level of significance and a P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were 146 male and 30 female patients (range: 2 years to 78 years; mean; 34.4 years, SD: 16.4 years). Most (36.4%) of the patients had severe HI. Only 2.5% of the patients had hyperglycaemia at admission. Death occurred in 25% of the patients, moderate disability occurred in 30.1% and good outcome occurred in 35.8%. Hyperglycaemia occurred in one patient each in mild and severe head injuries and in two patients with moderate head injury. All the patients with hyperglycaemia had favourable outcome. Conclusion: Random blood glucose of ≥ 11.1 mmol/l was not common at admission in head injured patients in this cohort of patients and the value was not associated with severe injury or poor outcome.
Intraventricular racemose type neurocysticercosis with anterior interhemispheric fissure cyst: A rare case report
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Agrawal Manish , Sinha V. D. , Gupta Ashok 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTRacemose type of neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a rare form of parasitic infestation of central nervous system. Most commonly it is found in fourth ventricle and cisterns. On reviewing the PubMed and Google databases, we found that this would be the first reported case of racemose type NCC in occipital horn of lateral ventricle with obstructive hydrocephalus, along with an incidental interhemispheric fissure arachnoid cyst.
Fetal Neurology: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Antsaklis Panagiotis , Kurjak Asim 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTNeurological failure is the most apprehension complication of pregnancy, labor and the neonatal period. The origin and outcome correlation is frequently doubtful. The arrival of four-dimensional ultrasonography (4D US) and its function to study fetal behavior patterns have initiated to offer insight into the structural and functional fetal brain development. Although many fetal behavioral studies have been conducted, it is still questionable whether the assessment of continuity from fetal to neonatal behavior could improve our ability of early detection of brain pathology. Neurological assessment of fetusin uterois extremely difficult even having such sophisticated equipment like 4D ultrasound. As it is well known that quantity of GMs is not so informative and predictive for neurological impairment, their quality should be assessed. Gestalt perception of premature GMs we are dealing within uteroand several weeks postnatally are not as predictive for the detection of neurologically abnormal fetuses or newborns as fidgety GMs. Therefore, some additional parameters should be added to the prenatal neurological examination in order to improve our ability to make the distinction between normal and abnormal fetuses.How to cite this articleKurjak A, Antsaklis P, Stanojevic M. Fetal Neurology: Past, Present and Future. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(1):6-29.
Praktische aanwijzingen rondom aandeelhoudersovereenkomsten
Authors: Van den Bergh M. , Jongen P. 
Published: March 2015

Praktische aanwijzingen rondom aandeelhoudersovereenkomsten
De auteurs bespreken een veelvoorkomende bepalingen in aandeelhoudersovereenkomsten, zoals afspraken ter invulling van bestuursfuncties, aanvulling van het recht op informatie van aandeelhouders, financiering van de vennootschap, beïnvloeding van het dividendbeleid, verzekering van de tijdelijke niet-overdraagbaarheid van aandelen, aanbieding van aandelen aan mede-aandeelhouders, voorkoming of beslechting van geschillen en non-concurrentie. Waar relevant worden voorbeeldbepalingen aangehaald.
Uitstel is niet hetzelfde als afstel
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M. 
Published: March 2015

Uitstel is niet hetzelfde als afstel
Het opschortingsrecht en het verrekeningsrecht vormen twee verschillende rechtsfiguren, die niet zomaar op elkaar mogen worden gelegd. Het opnemen van een verrekeningsverbod impliceert niet automatisch een opschortingsverbod, zelfs niet indien schadevergoeding (al dan niet via verrekening) de enige remedie is. Ook in dat geval dient de rechter te onderzoeken of het beroep door de opschorter op zijn opschortingsrecht terecht is, aldus de Hoge Raad in zijn arrest Eurostrip/Velenturf q.q. Indien de contractanten naast een verrekeningsverbod ook een opschortingsverbod in hun overeenkomst of algemene voorwaarden willen opnemen, moeten zij dat met zoveel woorden bepalen.