bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of hop wilt (Verticillium alboatrum and Verticillium dahliae)
Authors: RADIŠEK Sebastjan , JAKŠE Jernej , JAVORNIK Branka 
Published: July 2024

Hop wilt causes traheomycotic fungi Verticillium alboatrum Reinke & Berthold and Verticillium dahliae Klebahn. On hop, the disease appears in mild and lethal forms, depending on the virulence of isolates, sensitivity of cultivars and ecological factors. Identification of the disease and its pathotypes is important for suitable phytosanitary measures and disease resistance breeding. Methods in traditional detection and diagnosis are usually lengthy and laborious, which could be improved and supplemented by molecular methods. This paper presents a modification of the AFLP method suitable for analysis of Verticillium species. By means of such AFLP, we were able to distinguish the two Verticillium species and found polymorphisms between mild and lethal forms of Verticillium alboatrum from hop.
Kakšna bo klima 21. stoletja?
Authors: KAJFEŽ-BOGATAJ Lučka 
Published: July 2024

Human activity has perturbed the Earth's energy balance by altering the properties of the atmosphere and the surface. Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations are expected to have significant impacts on the world's climate on a timescale of decades to centuries. Evidence from long-term monitoring studies is now accumulating and suggests that the climate of the past few decades is anomalous compared with past climate variation. Global mean surface temperatures have increased for more than 0.6°C since the late 19th century. The 20th century has been anomalously warm, with the 1990s the warmest decade and 1998 the warmest year this millennium. In Slovenia average air temperature has increased by 1± 0.6 °C in the last 50 years. Climate models predict that the mean annual global surface temperature will increase 1.5–6°C by 2100, with warming more pronounced at higher latitudes. Relatively greater increases are expected in winter than in summer. All climate models predict an increase in global mean precipitation, but some regions might get drier. Forecasts of climate change are inevitably uncertain, especially multi decadal forecasts and regional climate change predictions.
After the first record of Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford) in Slovenia: presentation of the species and evaluation of its potential economic importance
Authors: TRDAN Stanislav 
Published: July 2024

In August 2001 Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford) was first recorded in Slovenia. The large numbers of imagoes were found in the flowers of whiteflowering dahlia (Dahlia spp.) in vicinity of Nova Gorica. The plants were grown outdoors, so it can be assumed, that introduction of the species took place some time ago and it was not detected only because of inadequate monitoring. Among European states where this species appear, the climate in Slovenia is most severe. Most of the thrips hosts come from the Asteraceae family, but composite thrips have economic significance only as a vector of tobacco streak virus, which belongs to Ilarvirus group. Virus infects not only the composite plants, but also many other hosts and is also transmitted by some other thrips, like Thrips tabaci Lindeman. This article presents the species, describes its systematic classification, geographical distribution, hosts, bionomics of the thrips and evaluates its potential direct and indirect damage on cultivated plants.
Rural-urban difference in attitudes towards foreigners related policy in Slovenia
Authors: ČERNIČ ISTENIČ Majda 
Published: July 2024

At the end of 1980s and especially after its independence in 1991 the migration flows to Slovenia have diminished. However, since 1996 migration waves (especially illegal ones) to Slovenia have again increased significantly. Slovenia faces unfavourable demographic situation connected with the past processes of industrialisation, urbanisation and deagrarisation. Within these trends the farming population and some parts of the rural population are confronted with exceptionally unfavourable demographic and socio-economic situation as well. From this point of view the article treats the inclination of the Slovene residents towards foreigners friendly policy. Regarding different experiences with migration courses in the past and current demographic variations of urban and rural populations, the analysis of attitudes, estimations and opinions distinguishes between rural-farming, rural-non-farming and urban populations. The analysis is based on the data set form Population, Family and Welfare: Attitudes towards Policy and Measures Survey 2000. The results show considerably unfavourable attitudes of the citizens of Slovenia towards foreigners and immigrants friendly governmental policy. A negative attitude towards foreigners is in this respect especially distinctive in the rural agricultural population.
A standard to report biological variation data studies – based on an expert opinion
Authors: Bartlett William A. , Sandberg Sverre , Carobene Anna , Fernandez-Calle Pilar , Diaz-Garzon Jorge , Coskun Abdurrahman , Jonker Niels , Galior Kornelia , Gonzales-Lao Elisabet , Moreno-Parro Isabel , Sufrate-Vergara Berta , Webster Craig , Itkonen Outi , Marques-García Fernando , Aarsand Aasne K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
There is a need for standards for generation and reporting of Biological Variation (BV) reference data. The absence of standards affects the quality and transportability of BV data, compromising important clinical applications. To address this issue, international expert groups under the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) have developed an online resource (https://tinyurl.com/bvmindmap) in the form of an interactive mind map that serves as a guideline for researchers planning, performing and reporting BV studies. The mind map addresses study design, data analysis, and reporting criteria, providing embedded links to relevant references and resources. It also incorporates a checklist approach, identifying a minimum data set (MDS) to enable the transportability of BV data and incorporates the Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC) to assess study quality. The mind map is open to access and is disseminated through the EFLM BV Database website, promoting accessibility and compliance to a reporting standard, thereby providing a tool to be used to ensure data quality, consistency, and comparability of BV data. Thus, comparable to the STARD initiative for diagnostic accuracy studies, the mind map introduces a Standard for Reporting Biological Variation Data Studies (STARBIV), which can enhance the reporting quality of BV studies, foster user confidence, provide better decision support, and be used as a tool for critical appraisal. Ongoing refinement is expected to adapt to emerging methodologies, ensuring a positive trajectory toward improving the validity and applicability of BV data in clinical practice.
Study of phytochemical compound and antipyretic activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. fractions
Authors: Drioua Soufiane , El-Guourrami Otman , Ameggouz Mouna , Benkhouili Fatima Zahra , Assouguem Amine , Kara Mohammed , Al Kamaly Omkulthom , Alnakhli Anwar M. , Benlabchir Abdessamad Ait , Benzeid Hanane , Doukkali Anass 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the chemical composition and potential medicinal properties of different fractions of Chenopodium ambrosioides using mass spectrometry. C. ambrosioides, commonly known as epazote, has been traditionally used in folk medicine for its purported health benefits. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding its bioactive compounds and their physiological effects. Our study aims to fill this gap by analyzing the chemical constituents of three fractions of C. ambrosioides – CHF, BF, and AF – and assessing their antioxidant and antipyretic properties. The results reveal a diverse array of bioactive compounds in each fraction, including protocatechuic acid, vanillin, syringaldehyde, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, which are known for their pharmacological activities. Notably, the CHF fraction exhibits compounds linked to antioxidant effects, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in managing oxidative stress-related disorders. Furthermore, the AF and BF fractions also contain compounds with antioxidant properties, emphasizing the plant’s potential health benefits. In addition to chemical analysis, the study evaluates the antipyretic activity of these fractions using a murine model. Significant reductions in rectal temperatures are observed in groups treated with FB and FA fractions, indicating a potential role in modulating body temperature. Conversely, moderate effects are noted in the FCH and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) groups, suggesting a milder response within safe limits. These findings underscore the importance of further mechanistic studies to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying the observed effects and ensure the safe utilization of C. ambrosioides fractions in medicinal applications. By bridging the gap between traditional knowledge and scientific evidence, this study contributes to advancing our understanding of the therapeutic potential of C. ambrosioides and lays the groundwork for future research in this field.
A review of thermal treatment for bamboo and its composites
Authors: Liang Zilu , Jiang Haiyun , Tan Yimin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBamboo, one of the richest non-timber resources, thrives in vast tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The surge of interest in bamboo materials stems from their profound contributions to polymer matrix composites, lauded for their environmental sustainability, mechanical properties, and recyclability. However, the inherent hydrophilicity of bamboo poses a challenge to achieve optimal compatibility with hydrophobic polymer matrices, impede interfacial bonding, and reduce the effectiveness of fiber-reinforced composites. To address these hurdles, economical and environmentally sustainable heat treatment methods have emerged as pivotal tools for enhancing the surface properties of bamboo. Delving into the depths of thermal treatment research, this article meticulously summarizes the influences of varying temperatures, time, and medium on the structure of bamboo. Moreover, it reviews the mechanical properties and surface moisture content of bamboo after heat treatment, providing insights crucial for advancing the frontier of bamboo-based materials.
Revealing the mechanisms of blood–brain barrier in chronic neurodegenerative disease: an opportunity for therapeutic intervention
Authors: Yu Sixun , Chen Xin , Yang Tao , Cheng Jingmin , Liu Enyu , Jiang Lingli , Song Min , Shu Haifeng , Ma Yuan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The brain microenvironment is tightly regulated, and the blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a pivotal role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system. It effectively safeguards brain tissue from harmful substances in peripheral blood. However, both acute pathological factors and age-related biodegradation have the potential to compromise the integrity of the BBB and are associated with chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), as well as Epilepsy (EP). This association arises due to infiltration of peripheral foreign bodies including microorganisms, immune-inflammatory mediators, and plasma proteins into the central nervous system when the BBB is compromised. Nevertheless, these partial and generalized understandings do not prompt a shift from passive to active treatment approaches. Therefore, it is imperative to acquire a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying vascular disease alterations associated with the onset and progression of chronic neurodegenerative disorders, as well as the subsequent homeostatic changes triggered by BBB impairment. The present article aims to systematically summarize and review recent scientific work with a specific focus on elucidating the fundamental mechanisms underlying BBB damage in AD, PD, and EP as well as their consequential impact on disease progression. These findings not only offer guidance for optimizing the physiological function of the BBB, but also provide valuable insights for developing intervention strategies aimed at early restoration of BBB structural integrity, thereby laying a solid foundation for designing drug delivery strategies centered around the BBB.
Simple model of turbine-based combined cycle propulsion system and smooth mode transition
Authors: Liu Jun , Kuang Zheng , Wang Yunfei , Yuan Huacheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Turbine-based combined cycle (TBCC) propulsion system is becoming one of the most promising propulsion systems for two-stage-to-orbit reusable launch vehicle. Mathematic model of this combined cycle engine is helpful for the basic understanding of performance analysis of this propulsion system. We developed mathematic model of TBCC propulsion system based on C++ platform in this paper. Firstly, turbojet engine was built on component level and ramjet engine was calculated through stream thrust function. Then, performance of turbine-based combined cycle propulsion system along a specific flight trajectory was investigated. According to the thrust of this combined cycle engine, mode transition point was suggested at Ma 2.5, which may achieve smooth mode transition from turbine mode to ramjet mode. Finally, mode transition based on smooth mass flow and smooth thrust criteria were studied. The thrust gap arises during smooth mass flow mode transition, particularly when the turbojet engine afterburner is powered off at the start of the mode transition, and it meets 34 % of the total thrust. Smooth thrust mode transition may be achieved by delaying the turbojet engine afterburner power off and injecting additional fuel into ramjet burner.
Thyroid function monitoring during pregnancy in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity
Authors: Kyrilli Aglaia , Corvilain Bernard , Bliddal Sofie , Precht Dorthe Hansen , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Poppe Kris 
Published: July 2024

Background
Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) may be present in 1–17% of pregnant women. Monitoring of thyroid function in euthyroid pregnant women positive for anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb+) is recommended.

Objective
To determine the prevalence and possible clinical and biological risk factors of biochemical progression (rise in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) > 2.5 mU/L) at second blood sampling during pregnancy, in euthyroid women (TSH ≤ 2.5 mU/L) according to their TPOAb status.

Methods
This study included demographic and biological data from two previously published cohorts (n = 274 women from August 1996 to May 1997 Copenhagen cohort, and n = 66 women from January 2013 to December 2014 Brussels cohort) having at least two measurements of TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) and at least one of TPOAb during spontaneously achieved singleton pregnancies.

Results
The majority of women studied did not show biochemical progression. Only 4.2% progressed, significantly more frequently among TPOAb+ women, as compared to TPOAb− group (9.4 vs 2.7%, P = 0.015). No rise in serum TSH > 4 mU/L at 2nd sampling was observed. Higher baseline TSH levels were associated with biochemical progression in both TPOAb+ (P = 0.05) and TPOAb− women (P < 0.001), whereas maternal age, BMI, multiparity, smoking, FT4, and TPOAb concentrations were not significantly different between women with and without progression.

Conclusions
Only a minority of euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity presented biochemical progression and none with a TSH > 4 mU/L. Larger studies are needed to better target the subset of women who would benefit most from repeated thyroid function monitoring during pregnancy.
Multiphysics Computational Modeling of Nuclear Reactors Small Size Through the Coupling of Serpent Codes and Fluent
Authors: Lago Erik , Dominguez Dany Sanchez , Mazaíra Leorlen Rojas 
Published: July 2024

The study of nuclear energy using computational codes has been widely explored by nuclear engineering researchers through various calculations over the years, with emphasis on neutron and thermo-hydraulic calculations. The need for designing a reactor model that would produce energy at a lower cost per MWh highlighted the importance of Small Modular Reactor (SMR) reactors. Development: The present work aims to carry out a study related to the coupling of two computational codes, SERPENT and ANSYS FLUENT, using an SMR PWR reactor model (Pressurized Water Reactor) from the company B&W Generation, called mPower. Methods: The geometry of a pin of the mPower reactor was modeled and neutronics analyses of the model were performed using SERPENT code, while thermo-hydraulic analysis was simulated using FLUENT code. A coupling algorithm between these two simulation tools was built to automate the process of obtaining operational conditions for the effective operation of the reactor. Results: This work enabled the development of a tool that performs the multiphysics coupling between neutronic and thermos-hydraulic phenomena on mPower fuel pin. Conclusion: Multiphysics simulation, which considers the interaction between neutronic and thermal dynamics, provides an enhanced understanding of reactor operation. In this simulation, the power distribution generated by the neutronic code is used as input for the thermo-hydraulic code. Conversely, the temperature distribution obtained from the thermo-hydraulic simulation is fed back into a subsequent iteration of the neutronic analysis, thus achieving a coupling between these phenomena. To obtain accurate estimates for the power and temperature distributions, an automated process based on Python programming was implemented.
Persepsi Dosen dalam Menerapkan Kurikulum Inovatif
Authors: Huda Hisbullah , Baihaqi M. , Fathoni Fathoni 
Published: July 2024

Purpose- This paper aims to describe lecturers' perceptions of university readiness in implementing an innovative curriculum at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, and lecturers' readiness to face the challenges of curriculum implementation related to the development of students' soft skills and hard skills.
Design/Methodology/Approach- This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. The subjects of this study were lecturers of the Arabic Language Education Study Program in the 4th semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. The number of lecturers in the Arabic Language Education Study Program at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya is 13 lecturers. To obtain data about their perceptions, questionnaires, interviews and documentation were used. To analyze the data that has been obtained, tendency analysis is used.
Findings- The results of this study indicate that the lecturers' perceptions that the University is ready to implement an innovative curriculum called MBKM in the Arabic Language Education Study Program at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya show a very good level. The readiness of lecturers to implement an innovative curriculum in the Arabic Language Education Study Program at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya shows a good level and even tends to be very good, this is shown in the lecturers' understanding of the innovative curriculum, and also their skills to help improve students' soft skills and hard skills.
Local Manifestations of YHWH within El’s Divine Council: Psalm 82 in the Context of Israelite Religion
Authors: Thompson Shane M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article reexamines the nature of the אלהים in Ps 82. Through comparative analysis, I reassert that the chief deity in this divine council scene is the head of the West Semitic pantheon, El. Following this determination, I argue that YHWH is depicted as an equal to the other אלהים in the text. Incorporating evidence from Israelite religion, I suggest that these אלהים are most likely manifestations of YHWH from throughout Israel, with the speaking, singular אלהים a likely representation of YHWH of Jerusalem.
Anxiety Levels of Medical Students in Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amadeus Joachim Kenneth , Veronica Fifi , Oktavia Nandina , Wahyudi Kurnia , Lydiana Lynna 
Published: July 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the education sector and caused major changes. This situation provides challenges for students, resulting in increased anxiety, especially for medical students who tend to have higher level of anxiety. This study aimed to determine the proportion of anxiety levels among undergraduate medical students in online learning during the COVID pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in September–November 2022, involving 156 undergraduate medical students at Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia batch 2019–2021 who had no history of somatic or psychiatric disease. The stratified simple random sampling method was used. Anxiety levels was assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation.Results: Participants were dominated by females (71.1%), average age 19.9 years with a grade point average (GPA) of 3.51-4.00 (88.5%). The anxiety level of most participants was mild (67.9%) and 19.2% were at the severe level. Interestingly, severe levels of anxiety seemed to occur more commonly in females, group batch 2020, GPA 2.51-3.00, living alone and in a place other than in the family home or rented house. Furthermore, respiratory manifestations tended to be the mildest, whereas intellectual manifestations were more often severely impacted.Conclusions: The anxiety level of undergraduate medical students in Universitas Padjadjaran is mostly mild. Female more often experience anxiety at a more severe level. Further research is needed to identify and analyze more comprehensively other possible anxiety factors in medical students.
QUAL A RELAÇÃO DO PERSONAGEM TÉDIO DE DIVERTIDA MENTE 2 COM A SOCIEDADE DAS TELAS E À DESINFORMAÇÃO?
Authors: Teixeira Pollyana 
Published: July 2024

Crianças e adolescentes brasileiros estão passando mais tempo com celulares do que na escola ou num lazer fora das telas. A presença deles na rede está permeada por riscos, incluindo exposição a conteúdo inadequado, ameaças à privacidade, cyberbullying e manipulação por parte de plataformas digitais. Como promover o uso da tecnologia de modo a aproveitar todo seu potencial, ao mesmo tempo em que cuidamos do desenvolvimento neurológico? O objetivo deste artigo é mapear as evidências sobre o adoecimento psicológico em crianças e adolescentes causado pelo uso excessivo de telas em meio à indústria da desinformação. Trata-se como método de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Para tanto, usaremos dois exemplos: a animação Divertida Mente 2, dos estúdios Disney/Pixar, que se tornou a maior bilheteria de 2024, após encerrar o final de semana de estreia com valor arrecadado de US$ 724,4 milhões (aproximadamente R$ 3,9 bilhões), e o uso de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros como influenciadores para vender o jogo de azar conhecido como “jogo do tigrinho”. Além disso, a pesquisa traz iniciativas de pais brasileiros que visam a desconexão dos filhos até 16 anos; até 8 anos em Londres e projetos com idades variadas nos Estados Unidos – todos inspirados pelas pesquisas do psicólogo social norte-americano Jonathan Haidt, autor de “A geração ansiosa”. Como considerações finais apontamos a necessidade de uma tarefa conjunta: pais, MEC, políticas públicas e regulação das plataformas.