bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Decline and Levelling Off of Earnings Inequality: Boon or Bane for a Growing Economy?
Authors: Sari Virgi Agita , Dimova Ralitza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates evidence on deficits in economic inclusion, focussing on the labour market in Indonesia. Increasing job polarization and an accompanying rise in earnings inequality on account of technological development and globalisation over the past few decades have augmented concerns about the attainability of governments’ perennial objective of inclusive growth. However, there are circumstances in which declining or levelling earnings gaps may be more of a bane than a boon for a country’s long-term economic health. Using the particularly interesting case of Indonesia, which has reduced and subsequently levelled off its earnings inequality in the midst of impressive growth, this paper studies how structural factors and labour market policies influence dynamics of inequality. The study finds evidence of a strong role of structural characteristics, which appears to indicate that reductions in earnings inequality may be more of a bane than a boon for Indonesia’s long-term prosperity. The paper concludes with broader insights and a discussion on policy implications that extend beyond the Indonesian context.
Thermally frustrated phase transition at high pressure in B2-ordered FeV
Authors: Reyes-Pulido Homero , K C Bimal , Kumar Ravhi S. , Hemley Russell J. , Muñoz Jorge A. 
Published: July 2024

X-ray diffraction measurements of equiatomic B2-ordered FeV were performed in a diamond-anvil cell at room temperature at several pressure points up to 80 GPa that showed the cubic phase to be stable with no indication of structural phase transitions. Density functional theory at 0 K predicts Fermi surface nesting, an electronic topological transition, and a phonon dynamical instability within the experimentally investigated pressure range. Nevertheless, the instability is absent in phonon dispersion curves extracted from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations below the critical volume at temperatures as low as 10 K, indicating that thermal atomic displacements can frustrate the phase transition by renormalizing the phonon dispersion curves. Ferrimagnetism is critical for the stability of the cubic phase at low temperature, but thermal atomic displacements are enough to support the structure at and above the Néel temperature.
Identification of material by X-ray fluorescence analysis with a pyroelectric X-ray generator
Authors: Ali M. , Bonnett E. , Karataev P. , Kubankin A. , Oleinik O. , Margaryan V. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
By changing the temperature of Lithium Tantalate (LiTaO3) single crystal at moderate vacuum conditions leads to generation of strong electric field. The uncompensated polarization during the heating or cooling of the crystal causes the ejection of electrons from either the dielectric layer on the surface of the crystal or from a metal target depending on the polarity. The electrons are accelerated and gain energy of up to 100 keV. The energy of these electrons can be determined by measuring the end-point energy of the X-ray spectrum that resulted from the electron interactions with the target. The conception of a pyroelectric accelerator enabled us to develop compact (portable) electron source, which does not require an external high-voltage and the use of hazardous materials. The compact and portable nature of pyroelectric-driven particle sources holds significant promise for applications in materials science, particularly for materials analysis methodologies. The research demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing the X-ray signal generated by irradiation with electrons to identify elements in each sample. It is revealed that employing only the electron beam enables the successful acquisition of quantitative information regarding the sample structure through pyroelectric driven PD-PIXE analysis. These findings set the stage for the development of a compact and versatile apparatus for elemental analysis of materials based on a pyroelectric source.
Comparative assessment of thermal oils and water as working fluids in parabolic trough collectors for enhanced solar power generation
Authors: Jabbar Hussein Ali , Alwan Kareem Jafar , Hachim Dhafer Manea , Al-Manea Ahmed , Al-Rbaihat Raed , Alahmer Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Examining the thermal behavior of specific working fluids, namely Syltherm800 and TherminolVP-1, in parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) is imperative for enhancing power generation. This study addresses a crucial gap by conducting computational fluid dynamics simulations through COMSOL Multiphysics software and experimental tests to explore the advantages of utilizing thermal oils over water as a working fluid in PTCs. Experimental tests were performed on a water-based PTC in Iraq to validate the numerical model, considering various operating conditions such as input temperature (323.15–423.15 K) and mass flow rates (0.00926–0.0556 kg/s). Key parameters including output temperature, thermal efficiency, useful heat, and total heat losses were evaluated. The numerical model was validated against experimental data, showing good agreement with an overall discrepancy of 1.7% for the current experiments and 3.18% for literature results. The results indicated that Syltherm800, particularly with a high mass flow rate, outperformed TherminolVP-1 and water in terms of overall thermal performance. The optimal PTC thermal efficiency was achieved in July with a mass flow rate of 0.0556 kg/s and an input temperature of 348.15 K. The optimal range for PTC thermal efficiency over four months was between 50% and 70%. The endorsement of thermal oils in PTCs is supported by their low vapor pressure, superior thermal stability, and extended lifespan.
Development of novel prototype of orange sorting machine
Authors: Nguyen Van-Tinh , Nguyen Ngoc-Kien 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Orange is one of the most popular fruits in the world. Oranges originate from Southeast Asia, India, and southern China. Nowadays, they are grown in warm regions around the world. Oranges are consumed either fresh or in the form of fruit juice. Depending on the type of orange, when ripe, its surface is orange or green, with a sweet or slightly sour taste. In Vietnam, oranges have significant export value. Therefore, ensuring consistent quality of oranges before export is an important requirement. Currently in Vietnam, this process is done manually or semi-automatically, resulting in low productivity and inadequate output for export purposes. This article introduces a new design of an automatic orange sorting machine. The proposed machine is equipped with functions to classify the size and defects on the orange surface through image processing technique. The experiment results show that the proposed machine works effectively. The size sorting module worked perfectly with absolute accuracy while the image processing module ensures the confidence level of 95%. The proposed machine could replace the manual sorting process with high accuracy.
Heavy metal removal performance of capacitive deionization technology studied by machine learning
Authors: Dian Xiao-min , Hao Jia-yuan , Zhang Zheng-ao , Chen Zhe , Yao Lei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology is utilized for efficient treatment of industrial wastewater, characterized by low energy consumption and environmental protection. In order to comprehend the correlation between key experimental parameters and the electrosorption capacity (EC) of heavy metals in CDI technology, this paper employs a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize a backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) for predicting the EC of CDI technology for heavy metal ions, with the characteristics of electrode materials converted into numerical characteristics for further analysis. Compared to the BPANN, the optimized GABPANN model demonstrates superior predictive accuracy. It achieves automatic adjustment of the hidden layer structure, neuron count, and transfer functions. Furthermore, the grey relational analysis indicates that the electrode material and the initial pH value of the solution are pivotal in determining the EC of heavy metal ions. This underscores the efficacy of machine learning (ML) algorithms in forecasting the nonlinear dynamics of CDI systems and elucidates the influence of individual parameters on the efficacy of heavy metal removal.
On the 𝑝-negative type gap of finite metric spaces and its relation to the Gramian matrix
Authors: Robertson Gavin 
Published: July 2024

The

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. In this article we provide a simplification of Wolf’s formula in terms of the Gramian matrix

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. We also study slight variations of the

p
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-negative type gap and show that that some of these are much easier to compute than the original

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-negative type gap. Finally, we provide explicit expressions for the

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-negative type gap and some of these variations for the bipartite graph

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.
Political Resistance in Turkey: How Resistance Is Experienced and How It Has Changed Over the Last Decade
Authors: Acar Yasemin Gülsüm , Uluğ Özden Melis , Solak Nevin , Şen Ercan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on resistance practices in Turkey and how these practices have adapted and changed in response to repressive tactics from the Turkish government over the last ten years. Turkey is now classified as a competitive authoritarian regime, and has become less and less democratic as its authoritarianism has risen. In the past ten years, collective action in the context of this authoritarianism has also changed forms. We examine three cases from the last decade to describe this change: (1) the Gezi Park protests, (2) online campaigns around elections, and (3) the Academics for Peace petition and its aftermath. We discuss how repression leads to more varied, creative forms of resistance and how these may continue despite further punitive measures.
The Kurdish Struggle: Multiple Ways of Resisting in a Historically Oppressive Context
Authors: Ünal Helin , Coşkan Canan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses findings from a qualitative study exploring how Kurds (from Turkey and Northern Kurdistan, living in Germany), a historically oppressed but resisting group, respond to oppression in the context of asymmetrical group relations that assume they are powerless. We examine various resistance strategies against historical and ongoing oppression that these members of a diasporic Kurdish community expressed. Our analysis shows that Kurdish resistance strategies go beyond typical collective actions and are shaped by collective memories, critical consciousness, and perceived power. Our chapter shows that in long-term resistance against historical and systemic oppression, which also involves various types of repression, overt resistance actions may vary considerably and not always be limited to just one tactic. Instead, people combine multiple resistance strategies simultaneously in their struggle to respond more effectively to the circumstances of oppression. Moreover, people support different resistance strategies depending on their circumstances and the ingroup’s perceived needs.
The Dynamics of Leadership and Resistance in Repressive Regimes
Authors: Jurstakova Klara , Ntontis Evangelos , Nigbur Dennis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Leadership—particularly identity leadership—remains a relatively under-researched area in the social psychological literature on resistance in violent or repressive contexts. This chapter examines how leaders mobilized overt resistance in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Polish People’s Republic. Both regimes were led by a single-party monopoly, characterized by severe repression of political and non-political activities that were perceived as threatening to the status quo, or as promoting identities inconsistent with the dominant ideology. We present an analysis of interviews and archival data, focusing on how resistance leaders overcame obstacles placed by those in power and organized resistance in the form of collective action. Leaders engaged in adaptive changes in their strategies, built a shared social identity to mobilize resistance, and gave agency to followers—allowing them to unite and sustain the movement. This chapter enhances our understanding of the psychology of leadership in mobilizing collective action under repression.
Exploring functional conservation in silico: a new machine learning approach to RNA-editing
Authors: Zawisza-Álvarez Michał , Peñuela-Melero Jesús , Vegas Esteban , Reverter Ferran , Garcia-Fernàndez Jordi , Herrera-Úbeda Carlos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Around 50 years ago, molecular biology opened the path to understand changes in forms, adaptations, complexity, or the basis of human diseases through myriads of reports on gene birth, gene duplication, gene expression regulation, and splicing regulation, among other relevant mechanisms behind gene function. Here, with the advent of big data and artificial intelligence (AI), we focus on an elusive and intriguing mechanism of gene function regulation, RNA editing, in which a single nucleotide from an RNA molecule is changed, with a remarkable impact in the increase of the complexity of the transcriptome and proteome. We present a new generation approach to assess the functional conservation of the RNA-editing targeting mechanism using two AI learning algorithms, random forest (RF) and bidirectional long short-term memory (biLSTM) neural networks with an attention layer. These algorithms, combined with RNA-editing data coming from databases and variant calling from same-individual RNA and DNA-seq experiments from different species, allowed us to predict RNA-editing events using both primary sequence and secondary structure. Then, we devised a method for assessing conservation or divergence in the molecular mechanisms of editing completely in silico: the cross-testing analysis. This novel method not only helps to understand the conservation of the editing mechanism through evolution but could set the basis for achieving a better understanding of the adenosine-targeting mechanism in other fields.
SVDF: enhancing structural variation detect from long-read sequencing via automatic filtering strategies
Authors: Hu Heng , Gao Runtian , Gao Wentao , Gao Bo , Jiang Zhongjun , Zhou Murong , Wang Guohua , Jiang Tao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Structural variation (SV) is an important form of genomic variation that influences gene function and expression by altering the structure of the genome. Although long-read data have been proven to better characterize SVs, SVs detected from noisy long-read data still include a considerable portion of false-positive calls. To accurately detect SVs in long-read data, we present SVDF, a method that employs a learning-based noise filtering strategy and an SV signature-adaptive clustering algorithm, for effectively reducing the likelihood of false-positive events. Benchmarking results from multiple orthogonal experiments demonstrate that, across different sequencing platforms and depths, SVDF achieves higher calling accuracy for each sample compared to several existing general SV calling tools. We believe that, with its meticulous and sensitive SV detection capability, SVDF can bring new opportunities and advancements to cutting-edge genomic research.
Courtship dance similarity, but not complexity, may explain patterns of hybridization in manakins (Aves: Pipridae)
Authors: Ottenburghs Jente 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Differences in behaviour can play an important role in the emergence of species and the maintenance of species boundaries. In birds, behavioural isolation mechanisms range from simple vocalizations to elaborate courtship displays. The breakdown of these isolation mechanisms could result in the production of viable hybrid offspring. In general, we might expect a negative relationship between the complexity of a behavioural isolation mechanism and the incidence of hybridization. I tested this prediction in manakins, a Neotropical bird family that shows a large variety of courtship displays. I compiled a database of reliable hybrid records and quantified the complexity of species-specific courtship displays. Binary logistic regressions indicated that courtship similarity was a better predictor of hybridization probability than courtship complexity. However, this pattern was strongly influenced by phylogenetic relatedness, in that closely related species exhibited similar courtship displays that were already being performed by their common ancestor. The main limitation of this study concerns the incomplete dataset. I could assess the courtship complexity for only 22 manakin species; consequently, not all hybrid combinations could be included in the analyses. Nonetheless, these findings provide important insights into the role of courtship displays in explaining patterns of hybridization.
Different patterns of structural network impairments in two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis subtypes driven by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance hybrid imaging
Authors: Feng Feng , Feng Guozheng , Liu Jiajin , Hao Weijun , Huang Weijie , Bi Xiao , Li Mao , Wang Hongfen , Yang Fei , He Zhengqing , Bai Jiongming , Wang Haoran , Ma Guolin , Xu Baixuan , Shu Ni , Huang Xusheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The structural network damages in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients are evident but contradictory due to the high heterogeneity of the disease. We hypothesized that patterns of structural network impairments would be different in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis subtypes by a data-driven method using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance hybrid imaging. The data of positron emission tomography, structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging in fifty patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 23 healthy controls were collected by a 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance hybrid. Two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis subtypes were identified as the optimal cluster based on grey matter volume and standardized uptake value ratio. Network metrics at the global, local and connection levels were compared to explore the impaired patterns of structural networks in the identified subtypes. Compared with healthy controls, the two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis subtypes displayed a pattern of a locally impaired structural network centralized in the sensorimotor network and a pattern of an extensively impaired structural network in the whole brain. When comparing the two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis subgroups by a support vector machine classifier based on the decreases in nodal efficiency of structural network, the individualized network scores were obtained in every amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient and demonstrated a positive correlation with disease severity. We clustered two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis subtypes by a data-driven method, which encompassed different patterns of structural network impairments. Our results imply that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis may possess the intrinsic damaged pattern of white matter network and thus provide a latent direction for stratification in clinical research.
Gender Gaps in Housework Activities in Europe before and after COVID-19
Authors: Angelici Marta , Savio Giulia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We use data from the European working condition survey to describe the frequency of housework activities by men and women before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in European countries. We find that, although women continue to spend more time than men in housework activities, men increase housework activities after the pandemic and the gender gaps narrow. The result is driven by countries initially characterized by larger gender gaps in housework activities.
Anomalous drainage of inferior vena cava into left atrium associated with ostium secundum atrial septal defect: a case report
Authors: Asotra Sanjeev , Kumar Ritesh , Dhaulta Praveen , Verma Mansi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Anomalous drainage of inferior vena cava (IVC) into left atrium (LA) is a rare aetiology of cyanosis in adults. This condition may be associated with atrial septal defects, anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, and pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas. This case report presents an instance of anomalous drainage of IVC into LA, associated with ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). It contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the diagnostic challenges associated with this anomaly, particularly during surgical intervention.

Case summary
A 38-year-old male presented with a six-year history of exertional dyspnoea and episodic palpitation. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large secundum (ASD), the IVC draining into LA, a left superior vena cava, and mild mitral regurgitation. These findings were further confirmed by right and left heart catheterization and CT angiogram. The patient was referred to CTVS department for surgical correction. The post-operative course was uneventful. At a 1.4-year follow-up, the patient reported significant improvement in symptoms.

Discussion
We present a case of anomalous drainage of IVC into LA, associated with ostium secundum ASD. An ASD co-occurs with this condition in ∼70% of the reported cases. This anomaly differs from a low or inferior vena caval secundum ASD, where a prominent Eustachian valve can cause blood shunting from the IVC to LA. If the surgeon is not vigilant, this can be mistaken for the inferior ASD rim, potentially leading to iatrogenic diversion of IVC blood to LA upon ASD closure, resulting in cyanosis. This case underscores the diagnostic and surgical challenges associated with this condition.
Recurrent left main stem stenosis in a young female with Behçet’s aortitis: a case report
Authors: Dardas Sotirios , Antoun Ibrahim , Sher Falik , Munir Navid , Kontoprias Kosmas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Behçet’s disease (BD) is a rare and complex vasculitis disorder renowned for its diverse clinical presentations. Cardiovascular involvement is reported to be present in 7–46% of the patients, with coronary arteries being involved in only 0.5%. The management of cardiovascular complications can be challenging due to the rarity of such cases and the absence of standardized guidelines regarding diagnosis and treatment.

Case summary
We report the case of a 27-year-old patient with BD with known aortitis and pulmonary arteritis, who presented with recurrent acute coronary syndromes related to critical left main coronary artery stenosis. She was initially managed with percutaneous coronary interventions twice. Following recurrent stent failure, she eventually underwent urgent coronary artery bypass surgery, together with aortic valve replacement and aortic root repair. She made an uneventful recovery and remains well 6 months following her operation.

Discussion
This case illustrates the significant challenges that can be encountered when managing coronary complications in patients with BD. Both percutaneous and surgical options have been reported in the literature with variable outcomes. Multi-disciplinary team involvement is of utmost importance in order to offer a balanced therapeutic strategy to these patients. Further research is required to shed light to the unknowns surrounding this rare cohort.