bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Godfatherism in the Politics of Nigeria: An Exposé
Authors: Ishaku BL , Jatau VS , Badung JN 
Published: November 2014

There is a new political phenomenon that is becoming a thing of concern to all and sundry; this emergent phenomenon is the concept of “godfatherism.” It is an ideology which deprives the people of their fundamental human rights of not benefiting from the dividends of democracy. This practice is rapidly converting politics from a civil engagement to an enterprise where only the moneybags are beneficiaries; these godfathers rely on their wealth whereby they sponsor candidates of their choice because of their influence. This paper intends to discuss the predatory variant of godfatherism which is the one that offends and negates moral sensibility and collective aspiration of the people. In Nigeria, the concept of godfatherism and politics will be defined and a theoretical framework of analysis will be provided. The paper looks at the case of the activities of godfathers in some selected states. The paper will also spell out the implications of predatory behaviour of godfathers in Nigeria.
Christian – Muslim Relations in Nigeria: The Problems and Prospects
Authors: Ottuh POO , Ottuh JA , Aitufe VO 
Published: November 2014

Inter-religious relations imply possible and practicable cordial relationship that exists between religions in a society. Its instrument is interfaith dialogue aimed at cordiality, togetherness, tolerance and acceptance that will be the true sign of a new era in the religious history of humanity. On both international and national levels, attempts have been and are still being made to establish dialogue or good relations between Muslims and Christians with a view to avoiding the mistakes of the past, and creating a better world, and a better Nigeria for the present and future generations. The paper explores the remote and possible causes of the present widespread problems in Christians and Muslims relations in Nigeria; and to reflect on the possible impact on the Nigerian nationhood. Basic findings of this study show that Nigeria.s stability, democracy, and national cohesion are threatened by extremism and conflict arising from Islamic and Christian fundamentalism is believed to be predicated on the Nigerian political and economic malaise and social dislocation of recent decades. The paper recommends and concludes that all religious adherents must embrace Inter-religious dialogue which demands religions nurture, faith, trust, dialogue, communication, reconciliation, and mutual understanding of one another thus guaranteeing communal good for Nigerians.Key Words: Inter-religious; Nigeria Christian; Muslim
HDlive of the Fetal Heart
Authors: Tanaka Hirokazu 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
We present the latest HDlive echocardiographic studies on the fetal heart using spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC). Fetal HDlive echocardiography with the use of new skin-like colors provides sonographers and physicians with a natural and anatomically realistic appearance of the fetal heart. Moreover, HDlive images provide entirely new visual experiences for obstetricians and pediatric cardiologists owing to the anatomically realistic depiction of the normal fetal heart and fetal congenital anomalies in utero. This novel technique may assist in the evaluation of the fetal cardiac anatomy, and offer potential advantages relative to conventional two-, three-, and four-dimensional fetal echocardiography. HDlive may be an important modality in future fetal cardiac research and in the evaluation of fetal congenital heart disease.

How to cite this article
Hata T, Kanenishi K, Hanaoka U, Tanaka H. HDlive of the Fetal Heart. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(3):266-272.
Ultrasound Assessment of Ovarian Function Following Radiation Therapy
Authors: Prompuntagorn Christopher , Saldivar J Salvador 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Ovarian function is important to measure in patients receiving cancer treatments that desire future fertility. Patients with cervical cancer, which affects women of child-bearing age, may be interested in how receiving treatment for the cervical cancer will affect their fertility. Depending on the type and stage of the cancer, women have different options on how to treat the cancer, including radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy. When indicated, radiation therapy carries the risk of ovarian failure in patients wishing to preserve fertility. Ovarian function is measured using hormonal markers and ultrasound markers. Hormonal markers include follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, progesterone, inhibin and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). It has been shown that in ovarian failure following radiation FSH and LH levels are increased; estradiol is increased; inhibin B is decreased; AMH is decreased. Ultrasound markers using color Doppler and 3D ultrasound include the resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), vascularization flow index (VFI) as well as measurements of antral follicle size and count. New developments in ultrasound technology allow us to more reliably than ever assess ovarian function while undergoing radiation treatment.

How to cite this article
Prompuntagorn C, Saldivar JS, Kupesic Plavsic S. Ultrasound Assessment of Ovarian Function Following Radiation Therapy. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(3):288-292.
Various Types of Niche Imaging by Sonohysterography: A Pictorial Review
Authors: Ahmadi Firoozeh , Akhbari Farnaz , Niknejad Fatemeh 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Cesarean scar defects (CSD) or niche are the myometrial discontinuity at the previous cesarean section scar region. Recently cesarean section delivery has been raised around the world markedly; therefore women with cesarean scar defects are increased and present in up to 19% of women post cesarean section. The increase of repeat cesarean section has been associated with an increase in complications in subsequent pregnancies such as scar pregnancy with life threatening bleeding, uterus rupture, placenta accreta and its subtypes and prolonged postmenstrual Spotting. The deeper the niche (or the thinner the overlying myometrium), the higher the risk for complications in a subsequent pregnancy.
Although the ability of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) to detect cesarean scars remains unknown, its higher frequency and proximity to the pelvic organs have been used as a powerful tool for detecting the uterine scar of a previous cesarean section.
Recently with the increasing use of sonohysterography (SHG) (transvaginal ultrasound with saline infusion) detection of scar defect has been enhanced frequently.

How to cite this article
Ahmadi F, Akhbari F, Niknejad F. Various Types of Niche Imaging by Sonohysterography: A Pictorial Review. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(3):311-315.
National Survey of Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ Involvement in Response to Intervention
Authors: Cahill Susan M. , McGuire Beatriz , Krumdick Nathaniel D. , Lee Michelle M. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We sought to describe occupational therapy practitioners’ perceived levels of preparedness for and involvement in school-based Response to Intervention (RtI) initiatives.
METHOD. We mailed a survey to a random sample of 1,000 practitioners from the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Early Intervention and School Systems Special Interest Section.
RESULTS. Of 295 returned surveys (29.9% response rate), 19 were excluded because of missing or incomplete data. Three-quarters of respondents (77.6%) reported that their districts implemented RtI. Two-thirds of respondents (66.3%) indicated that lack of resources limited their involvement in RtI; two-thirds (67%) said that district guidelines that describe expectations for practitioners’ involvement would help increase their participation. Many respondents cited the need for continuing education and supported moving from a caseload to a workload model.
CONCLUSION. Occupational therapy practitioners would benefit from specific district guidelines outlining the services they are able to provide within the context of RtI.
Assessment Tools Predicting Fitness to Drive in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dickerson Anne E. , Meuel Danielle Brown , Ridenour Cyrus David , Cooper Kristen 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes the research on screening and assessment tools used to determine older adults’ fitness to drive. After a comprehensive search of the literature targeting tools commonly used by occupational therapists, 64 studies were reviewed and synthesized. The evidence demonstrated that a single tool measuring cognition, vision, perception, or physical ability individually is not sufficient to determine fitness to drive. Although some tools have stronger evidence than others, this review supports using different and focused assessment tools together for specific medical conditions. Results indicate that behind-the-wheel assessment remains the gold standard for driving evaluation; however, emerging evidence for observation of complex instrumental tasks of daily living and driving simulation supports further investigation with these tools.
Drawing Proficiency Screening Questionnaire (DPSQ): Development, Reliability, and Validity
Authors: Shooman Lisa T. , Rosenblum Sara 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We describe the development and preliminary psychometric examination of the DPSQ for identifying drawing difficulties in preschool children.METHOD. Teachers completed the DPSQ for 78 children ages 3–6 yr from 4 preschools. Children drew age-appropriate geometric forms of the Visual–Motor Integration (VMI) test on a digitizing tablet. We examined psychometric properties of the DPSQ and analyzed group membership.RESULTS. Internal consistency was high (α = .82). Significant correlations were found between DPSQ and VMI scores indicating in-air time (r = .37, p = .002) and pressure on the writing tool (r = .32, p = .007). The typical and at-risk groups differed significantly in VMI and DPSQ scores, t(76) = 5.6, p = .001. The DPSQ mean score differentiated between 76% of children with and without visual–motor deficits.CONCLUSION. The DPSQ is a useful tool for teachers and occupational therapy practitioners for indicating visual–motor deficits and potential handwriting problems.
Occupational Therapy and Driving and Community Mobility for Older Adults
Authors: Golisz Kathleen 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This special issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy includes summaries from a systematic evidence-based literature review of occupational therapy and driving and community mobility for older adults. Since the previous review on this topic in 2008, the cohort of 78 million baby boomers began turning 65 in January 2011. As a group, this cohort is more likely to have longer life expectancy, stay in the workforce longer, and age in place in the community. Is the occupational therapy profession ready for the potential demand for driving rehabilitation services from this generation of older drivers who grew up with the automobile and are dependent on it for access to and participation in their communities?
Changes in growth patterns due to nutritional adjustment in children of Northeast Brazil
Authors: da Silva Carlos A Bruno , Antunes Maria de Fatima Rebouças , da Silva Barbara Antunes Bruno , da Silva Ligia Antunes Bruno , da Silva Renata Antunes Bruno , Brandao-Neto Jose 
Published: November 2014

Objective: Assess changes in height-weight chart development patterns in children enrolled in a nutritional intervention program. Materials and methods: 188 children (83 girls and 105 boys) in the 6-months to 7-years age group were followed for 18 months. We performed an assessment of nutritional profile based on body mass index and cumulative variation of weight and height, anthropometric data of mid arm circumference, arm muscle area, and tricipital skin fold. Results: Mean cumulative weight-height gain was 4.8 kg and 0.63 cm/month for the boys, and 5.2 kg and 0.66 cm/month for the girls (p < 0.05). Body mass index increased throughout follow-up. Arm muscle area and tricipital skin fold increased significantly during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Nutritional intervention for 15 months was sufficient to cause changes in the development pattern of children between the ages of 6 months and 7 years, showing that the values obtained became normal over time. Based on the data obtained in this study, we conclude that children, regardless of their classification according to different nutritional assessment indices, respond satisfactory in terms of linear growth and associated height-weight development, after receiving calorie-protein nutritional adjustments.
Risks and challenges of orthopaedic invasive interventions in haemo -philia in a low-resource country
Authors: Serban M. , Poenaru D. , Patrascu J. , Ursu E. , Savescu D. , Ionita H. , Jinca C. , Pop L. , Talpos-Niculescu S. , Ritli L. , Arghirescu S. , Schramm W. , Mihailov D. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryHaemophilic arthropathy is a defining feature and a debilitating condition of persons with haemophilia (PwH) in low resource countries. Orthopaedic surgery is unavoidable for patients with high occurrence of joint damage. Aims: We aimed to evaluate the spectrum and outcome of invasive orthopaedic therapies in PwH and von Willebrand diseases (VWD). Patients and methods: Our descriptive observational retrospective study included 131 invasive surgical procedures, performed on 76 consecutive patients, most of them (93.4%) with severe disease, treated in Timisoara’s Haemophilia Center over a period of 12 years; 17.1% had pre-operation anti-FVIII inhibitors. Invasive elective procedures were predominant (90.8%) as compared to emergency measures (9.2%); according to their invasiveness, 20.6% of interventions were major, 44.3% intermediate and 35.1% minor. Results: were good in the majority of cases; significantly reduced joint bleed rate and pain score were the most consistent achievements. The greatest proportion of complications occurred after major (66.7%), compared to moderate (25.6%) and minor (7.7%) interventions. The main threatening complication was the development (3.8%) or increase (4.6%) of inhibitor titer. Local bacterial infections and wound dehiscence complicated the evolution in 4.6% and 0.8 % of cases, respectively; we noticed no blood-borne infections or thrombotic accidents. Low dosage (10.7%) and short duration of substitution (21.4%) led to increased post-surgical bleeding and post-haemorrhagic anaemia. Conclusions: Surgery is a highly demanding intervention in haemophilia, which cannot be ignored in a low resource country. It represents a life or limb-saving and quality of life-improving measure.
Treatment options for haemophilic arthropathy of the elbow after failed conservative therapy
Authors: Strauss A. C. , Goldmann G. , Ezziddin S. , Placzek R. , Müller M. C. , Pflugmacher R. , Oldenburg J. , Pennekamp P. H. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryAfter ankle and knee, the elbow is the most frequent joint affected by haemophilic arthropathy. objective: The objective of this retrospective single centre study is to evaluate the results of treatment of elbow arthropathy after failed conservative therapy. Patients, methods: In 21 consecutive patients, 11 radiosyn-oviortheses (RSO), four arthroscopic and six open synovectomies were performed, among them four with additional resection of the radial head. The mean duration of follow-up was 4.8 (RSO) and 5.3 years (surgery), respectively. Pain status (visual analogue scale, VAS), bleeding frequency, range of motion (ROM) as well as patient satisfaction were evaluated. Results: Both, RSO and surgical synovectomy, achieved a significant reduction of pain and bleeding frequency (p < 0.05). Surgical synovectomies were associated with a marked yet not statistically significant increase of postoperative ROM. Radial head resection improved forearm rotation in all cases. No complications occurred. 20 out of 21 patients were satisfied or highly satisfied with the result of the treatment and would undergo the respective procedure again. Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness and safety RSO is considered to be the primary treatment option in haemophilic arthropathy of the elbow after failed conservative therapy. Arthroscopic synovectomy should be considered if RSO shows inadequate effect or in the presence of contraindications. Open synovectomy with resection of the radial head yields good results in the case of advanced arthropathy with radial head impingement.
Significance of platelet function diagnostics for clarification of suspected battered child syndrome
Authors: Lohse J. , Stächele J. , Heilmann A. , Schwier F. , Schmidt U. , Erfurt C. , Knöfler R. 
Published: November 2014

SummarySummary: The manifestation of an unclear bleeding tendency in childhood calls for an extended coagulation work-up, particularly when a battered child syndrome is suspected and typical concomitant injuries are absent. The chosen diagnostic tests should be able to detect the presence of relatively common coagulation defects such as von Willebrand syndrome or hemophilia, but also rare diseases such as inherited thrombocytopathies. The PFA-100® test does not help to provide a definite diagnosis especially in cases of mild inherited thrombocytopathies, since in most cases the PFA-100® test results are normal. For this purpose, specific platelet function testing is needed. However, the methods are only available in some coagulation laboratories. Also, other limitations need to be taken into consideration such as pre-analytical problems and difficulties in the interpretation of test results especially in infants.We present two cases that were diagnosed with an aspirin-like defect as an inherited thrombocytopathy, even though their PFA-100 closure times were within the normal range. Based on pathological findings in the platelet aggregometry test, this diagnosis could be made.
Inhibitor development and management in three non-severe haemophilia A patients with T295A variant
Authors: Horneff S. , Marquardt N. , Klein C. , Albert T. , Zeitler H. , Oldenburg J. , Ivaskevicius V. , Goldmann G. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryMissense mutations are the most common F8 gene defects among the patients with nonsevere haemophilia A. This type of mutation is typically associated with low (5%) inhibitor risk. In the present retrospective study we analysed the clinical data of 16 haemophiliacs with the T295A missense mutation treated at Bonn Haemophilia Centre. In total, three patients developed inhibitors: two patients experienced low-titer and one high-titer inhibitors. Both patients with low titer inhibitors underwent successful ITI. The third patient, at the age of 81, developed initially low-titer inhibitors (3 BU/ml) after rFVIII therapy because of knee surgery. He experienced spontaneous multiple large skin haematomas and haemarthrosis. Immunosuppressive therapy was not applicable because of the infectious origin of discitis (Th3-Th4). Immunoadsorption was performed, but the inhibitor titer increased up to 42 BU/ ml nine weeks after termination. A successful treatment of discitis with antibiotics finally allowed a weekly therapy (four times) with rituximab (375 mg/m2). This resulted in a decrease of inhibitor titre to 0.7 BU/ml eight weeks after the fourth rituximab application. Patient had endogenous FVIII levels of 3–5%. Twelve months after rituximab therapy (after B cells recovery) he relapsed with low-titer inhibitors and therefore was treated with single rituximab dose (375 mg/m2) again. This resulted in his depletion of B cells, measurable endogenous FVIII levels and non measurable inhibitors. This study demonstrated T295A variant to be associated with significantly increased (3/16 patients, 17%) inhibitor development.
Clot waveform analysis in patients with haemophilia A
Authors: Scholz U. , Schobess R. , Siegemund T. , Siegemund A. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryClot waveform analysis extends the interpretation of aPTT measurement curves. The curve is mathematically processed to obtain information about fibrin formation kinetics including semiquantitative determination of thrombin, prothrombinase and tenase activity. Patients, method: In this study the feasibility of clot waveform analysis for monitoring of haemophilia A was investigated using blood samples from healthy controls as well as haemophilia A patients under various clinical conditions. Results: Thrombin, prothrombinase and tenase activity show a high correlation to factor VIII levels. Tenase activity was found to exhibit a linear relationship to factor VIII levels over a very large concentration range and was able to discriminate patients with severe, moderate and mild haemophilia. Conclusion: Clot waveform analysis is an easy, fast and cheap method to access disturbances in clot formation and can be done without any additional measurements beside an aPTT.
Percepção infantil através de desenhos e caracterização verbal sobre o cirurgião-dentista
Authors: Andrade Daniel Soares Paes De , Minhoto Talita Barbosa , Campos Fernanda de Araújo Trigueiro , Gomes Monalisa Cesarino , Garcia Ana Flávia Granville- , Ferrreira Jainara Maria Soares 
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: A pesquisa teve como objetivo interpretar a percepção de crianças sobre o cirurgião-dentista por meio da análise de desenhos e caracterização verbal. Materiais e Métodos: Um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, foi realizado com 60 crianças entre 7 e 12 anos de idade em escola pública e privada. Os pais/responsáveis responderam um questionário sociodemográfico e as crianças foram entrevistadas para caracterização do cirurgião-dentista, tipo e frequência de atendimento odontológico. Além disso, foi solicitado que as crianças desenhassem à mão livre o cirurgião-dentista. A análise dos desenhos foi realizada por meio de um roteiro previamente validado e os dados foram analisados no software Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) versão 13.0 sob a forma de estatística descritiva e inferencial (Teste Exato de Fisher e Qui-quadrado de Pearson) com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Através da análisedos desenhos, a maioria das crianças apresentou uma impressão negativa do cirurgião-dentista (51,7%). De forma mais frequente, o cirurgião-dentista realizava procedimentos preventivos (71,7%), era amistoso(76,7%) e explicava os procedimentos a serem realizados nas crianças (79,4%), porém a maior parte das crianças não compreendia as explicações (53,8%), de acordo com a entrevista realizada com as crianças. Alémdisso, houve associação estatisticamente significativa apenas entre sexo masculino e imagem negativa do cirurgião-dentista (p = 0,009). Conclusão: As crianças apresentaram uma impressão negativa do cirurgiãodentistae teve associação com o sexo masculino. Além disso, as crianças não compreendiam as explicações dos procedimentos, apesar da explicação prévia. Assim, torna-se necessário o planejamento de ações paradesmistificação da imagem negativa do cirurgião-dentista e sensibilização dos profissionais sobre a psicologia aplicada para crianças.Descritores: Odontologia. Criança. Relações dentista-paciente.