bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardised integration requirements for naturalisation: less rights and less discretion? A qualitative meta-analysis of ethnographic studies of naturalisation procedures in Europe
Authors: Sredanovic Djordje 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSince the late 1990s and early 2000s, in what can be called an ‘integrationist wave’, standardised integration requirements for naturalisation have become increasingly common in Europe. To examine the impact of such measures, I combine original ethnographic data on institutions involved in the implementation of citizenship policies in Belgium and the UK with a qualitative meta-analysis of existing ethnographic studies of the implementation of citizenship policies. I show how, in addition to introducing new obstacles to naturalisation, standardised requirements have also reduced the discretion inscribed in earlier procedures, albeit not uniformly across different cases. The integrationist wave could thus be understood not simply as the introduction of restrictive notions of integration, but also as the systemisation of earlier evaluation practices. I further show signs of a more recent tendency for states to retreat from examining the integration of candidates to citizenship, outsourcing the evaluation directly or indirectly to private actors.
What are they considering when they face a fetus with birth defects? A qualitative study on ethical attitudes of health professionals in China
Authors: Liu Yanlin , Wang Xiaomin , Fang Junqun , Zhou Wei , Luo Dan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Birth defects are the leading cause of mortality in newborn babies and children under five years old. In response, the Chinese government has implemented a three-tiered prevention strategy, which has brought ethical concerns about fetuses with birth defects. This study aims to explore the attitudes toward fetuses with birth defects among health professionals engaged in maternal and child health services.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted among 13 health professionals engaged in maternal and child health services in Hunan Province, China. The questions were designed to elicit the participants' work experience and attitudes toward fetuses with birth defects. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews, and NVivo 12 was used for data coding and analysis. A thematic analysis approach was employed following the SRQR checklist.

Results
Five themes and 13 attributes were generated regarding health professionals' perspectives on fetuses with birth defects. The five themes included: (1) severity and curability of diseases (two attributes), (2) family relations (four attributes), (3) medical assessments (two attributes), (4) social situations (three attributes), (5) self-value orientations (three attributes). The findings showed that the majority of health professionals held the view that a fetus with a curable disease could be born, whereas a fetus with severe disability and teratogenesis should be terminated. Twelve out of the 13 health professionals believed that parents should be the decision-makers, while only one thought that the family should make a decision together.

Conclusions
Attitudes toward birth defects were influenced by various factors, indicating the complexity of real-world cases identified in this study. The findings highlight the dilemmas faced by both families and health professionals regarding birth defects. Adequate medical knowledge and support from society are crucial to inform decision-making among family members. Additionally, standardized norms and policies for birth defects are needed. Establishing an ethics committee for prenatal diagnosis is necessary to address current ethical issues in this field.
Multipath mitigation for GPS/Galileo/BDS-3 precise point positioning with overlap-frequency signals
Authors: Geng Jianghui , Zhang Honghai , Li Guangcai , Aoki Yosuke 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe multipath effect is a major Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) error source due to its environment-dependent characteristic, which complicates its mitigation process for the high-rate determination of displacements. For instance, Sidereal Filtering (SF) and Multipath Hemispherical Map (MHM) require the observations spanning at least one full cycle of satellite orbit repeat period (e.g., ten days for Galileo navigation satellite system (Galileo) to reproduce the satellite geometry against ground stations. As a consequence, the practicability of SF and MHM is limited due to potential station-surrounding changes over a long period. In this study, we used the overlap-frequency signals on Global Positioning System (GPS) L1/L5, Galileo E1/E5a, and BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) B1C/B2a to construct an interoperable MHM (i.e., MHM_GEC) across constellations to mitigate multipath more efficiently. We thus used 31 days of 1-Hz GPS/Galileo/BDS-3 data at 21 stations in Europe to compare this overlap-frequency MHM with those GNSS-specific MHMs (i.e., MHM_G for GPS, MHM_E for Galileo, and MHM_C for BDS-3), as well as SF. It is confirmed that the multipath effects on overlap-frequency signals are of a high spatial consistency across all GNSS. The mean reduction rate of applying MHM_GEC to GPS, Galileo, and BDS-3 carrier-phase residuals is 25%, 31%, and 28.5%, respectively, which are up to 25 percentage points higher than those of MHM_G, MHM_E, and MHM _C. Furthermore, the MHM_GEC constructed using 5 to 6 days of data can improve the positioning precision by 40%, outperforming the MHM_E, MHM_C, and SF using 10 days of data. Therefore, the interoperable MHM_GEC is more efficient in mitigating multipath effects for high-precision GNSS positioning.
Treatment of an Aggressive Gonadotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor With 177Lutetium DOTATATE Radionuclide Therapy
Authors: Gandhi Chaitanya , Koumna Stella , Chik Constance 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aggressive pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) present significant morbidity, and multimodal therapies including surgery, radiotherapy, and medications are frequently required. Chemotherapy, particularly temozolomide, is often pursued for tumors that progress despite these treatments. Although peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) using radiolabeled somatostatin analogs is approved for the treatment of well-differentiated gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors, its use in aggressive PitNETs is limited. We describe the case of a 65-year-old man who presented with vision changes and hypopituitarism at age 33 secondary to a nonfunctioning gonadotroph PitNET. His initial treatment included a craniotomy followed by radiation therapy. With tumor regrowth, he required transsphenoidal surgeries at age 44 and age 52. At age 56, further tumor regrowth and a positive octreotide scan prompted treatment with long-acting octreotide for 1 year. Given absent tumor response, 12 cycles (4 treatment cycles and 8 maintenance cycles) of PRRT with 177Lutetium-DOTATATE were pursued. This resulted in partial response with significant tumor shrinkage. Notably, there was no tumor regrowth 40 months after treatment discontinuation. This is only the second report on the effectiveness of PRRT in patients with aggressive gonadotroph PitNETs. We also provide an overview of PRRT for PitNETs and describe clinical outcomes previously reported in the literature.
The Arduous Path Toward Equitable Access to Endocrinology Care
Authors: Romeo Giulio R , Caputo Tiziana , Stanescu Izabela W , Alkhaddo Jamil B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Multiple factors contribute to the widening gap between supply and demand of endocrinology services. In addition to the inadequate growth of the workforce, the inefficient utilization of endocrinologists’ expertise coupled with the rising prevalence of endocrine conditions has generated a crisis in access to specialty care. This mismatch is magnified in underserved communities and among certain racial/ethnic groups that carry a disproportionate burden of chronic diseases, like diabetes and osteoporosis, thus perpetuating the cycle of health disparities in vulnerable populations.
Reorienting the framework of endocrine care toward more effective and equitable access will require comprehensive changes in operational processes, system-based policies, and in the diversity of our workforce. Specifically, the progressive transition to outcome-driven, team-based models of care can extend endocrinology services beyond the traditional boundaries of in-office referrals and promote job satisfaction. Further, the implementation of policies that directly tackle structural determinants of health is a prerequisite to a more precise and equitable deployment of specialty care. In this view, the recruitment and professional growth of clinicians underrepresented in medicine along the career ladder, including leadership roles, is a key conduit to revitalize our field and to innovate the delivery of endocrine care across all communities.
Disclosing Delivery Performance Information When Consumers Are Sensitive to Promised Delivery Time, Delivery Reliability, and Price
Authors: Leng Mingming , Becerril-Arreola Rafael , Parlar Mahmut , Ferguson Mark 
Published: July 2024

Problem definition: We investigate how the characteristics of consumers and a service firm influence the firm’s optimal pricing and promised delivery-time decisions as well as the optimal investment in the quality of delivery reliability information available to consumers. Methodology/results: We use utility, queuing, and choice modeling theories to model consumers’ behavior and to find solutions to the firm’s profit maximization problem. Managerial implications: The optimal strategy is to disclose either error-free delivery reliability information or no information at all. We also delineate conditions for each of the two strategies to dominate. Funding: This research was supported by the General Research Fund (GRF) of the Hong Kong Research Grants Council under Research Project LU13500822. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.0223 .
interrogaciones a las materialidades y metas político-pedagógicas de lo escolar, nacidas en la práctica del filosofar con niños y niñas
Authors: Shapiro Carmina 
Published: July 2024

Las prácticas educativas escolarizadas se desarrollan sobre la base de una serie de directrices que fueron consolidando el formato escolar como lo conocemos hoy. Las materialidades que utilizamos para desplegar las actividades escolares y los fines o metas pedagógico-políticas con los que las orientamos forman parte de las mencionadas directrices. En este trabajo, tomando base en las experiencias cultivadas en escuelas en Ronda de Palabras (Argentina), una formación basada en Filosofía con Niños, queremos plantear una discusión con esos dos grandes supuestos educativos que parecen ser inamovibles cuando pensamos en la escolaridad más convencional. En una primera parte, presentaremos un análisis crítico de las novelas filosóficas escritas por Matthew Lipman para la implementación de su proyecto de Filosofía para Niños (FpN). Si bien esta es una discusión específica del campo de la enseñanza de la filosofía, creemos que algunos de sus puntos pueden ser generalizados para pensar las relaciones pedagógicas que construimos con las materialidades sobre las que basamos nuestras prácticas educativas, y sus implicancias políticas. En la segunda parte, analizaremos algunos aportes que hacen las lecturas más críticas de la FpN de Lipman para pensar acerca de las metas pedagógico-políticas implícitas en ella, y en qué medida ponen en jaque, o bien aceptan tácitamente, las supuestas en la escolaridad convencional. Nuestro objetivo general es poner en tensión aquellas ideas que orientan y organizan las intervenciones pedagógicas en un determinado sentido, atendiendo a las ineludibles relaciones que tejen política y educación juntas.
Living with inflammatory bowel disease: a modified photovoice study of adolescent mental health
Authors: Pineau Olivia N , Tripp Dean A , Kelly Alexandra , Mulder Daniel 
Published: July 2024

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis) is a chronic condition involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Adolescents with IBD are 4.6 times more likely to experience depression and anxiety than healthy peers. Aims: The primary purpose of this research was to understand the lived experiences of adolescents diagnosed with IBD. Methods: Adolescents aged 16–18 years were recruited to complete an online survey, followed by a photovoice component that included the collection of images and participation in an interview. Results: Thematic analysis revealed six key themes: the importance of social support networks in managing the challenges of IBD, the positive impact of maintaining a positive outlook on life, strategies for taking control of and coping with the impact of IBD, the interplay between physical pain and the psychological toll of the disease, the various limitations imposed by IBD on daily life and the challenges posed by others’ lack of awareness and understanding of the condition. Conclusions: Adolescents with IBD experience disease-related factors that impact their wellbeing. Attention to these factors from nurses, doctors, caregivers and peers can help optimise their mental health and wellbeing.
Acute macular neuroretinopathy following COVID-19 infection: Three case reports
Authors: Bi Chao , Huang Chun-Mei , Shi Ye-Qiang , Huang Chao , Yu Tao 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
During the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a notable increase in acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) cases was observed. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between AMN and COVID-19 by examining 3 cases in China.
CASE SUMMARY
The first case involved a 30-year-old man who presented with progressive vision loss following a COVID-19 infection. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and near-infrared imaging identified hallmark AMN lesions, hyperreflective disruptions within the outer plexiform layer, and hyporeflective anomalies in the ellipsoid zone, leading to an AMN diagnosis. Despite partial visual recovery, OCT angiography (OCTA) revealed persistent microvascular changes, specifically a decreased vascular density in the deep capillary plexus. The second case was a 24-year-old woman who experienced blurred vision and exhibited bilateral cotton-wool spots on fundus examination post-COVID-19. Imaging confirmed the presence of AMN along with paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM). Follow-up OCTA found a progressive reduction in vascular density, indicating ongoing microvascular compromise. The third case was a 28-year-old woman who reported sensations of occlusion in her right eye following a COVID-19 infection. Imaging confirmed both AMN and PAMM, revealing similar decreases of microvascular density on OCTA despite a significant improvement in visual acuity. We noted that all 3 patients had received the COVID-19 vaccine prior to the appearance of symptoms.
CONCLUSION
The findings highlight the diagnostic utility of advanced ocular imaging in detecting AMN in COVID-19 patients and the importance of comprehensive eye examinations.
Meta-analysis of the effect of curcumin supplementation on skeletal muscle damage status
Authors: Liu Xiaoyang , Lin Lihan , Hu Guopeng 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
Meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effect of supplemental curcumin intake on skeletal muscle injury status and to propose an optimal intervention program.

Methods
In accordance with the procedures specified in the PRISMA statement for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials, the Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze the results of creatine kinase (CK), muscle soreness, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and range of motion (ROM) as outcome indicators in the 349 subjects included in the 14 articles.

Results
The effect size of curcumin supplementation on muscle soreness, mean difference (MD) = -0.61; the relationship between curcumin supplementation and muscle soreness for time of measurement (I2 = 83.6%)、the relationship between curcumin supplementation and muscle soreness for period of intervention (I2 = 26.2%)、the relationship between whether one had been trained (I2 = 0%) and supplementation dose (I2 = 0%) were not heterogeneous for the relationship between curcumin supplementation and muscle soreness; The effect size on CK, MD = -137.32; the relationship between curcumin supplementation and CK (I2 = 79.7%)、intervention period (I2 = 91.9%)、whether or not trained (I2 = 90.7%)、and no heterogeneity in the relationship between curcumin supplementation and CK for the time of measurement (I2 = 0%); The effect size MD = 4.10 for the effect on ROM; The effect size for IL-6 was MD = -0.33.

Conclusions
This meta-analysis highlights that curcumin supplementation significantly mitigates skeletal muscle damage, with notable improvements in CK levels, muscle soreness, IL-6 levels, and ROM. The results highlight the importance of curcumin dosage and timing, revealing that prolonged supplementation yields the best results, especially for untrained individuals or those less exposed to muscle-damaging exercise. For muscle soreness and ROM enhancement, a pre-emptive, low-dose regimen is beneficial, while immediate post-exercise supplementation is most effective at reducing CK and IL-6 levels.
6-shogaol against 3-Nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington’s disease in rodents: Based on molecular docking/targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines/NF-κB-BDNF-Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Jambi Ebtihaj J. , Alamri Abdulaziz , Afzal Muhammad , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Al-Qahtani Salwa D. , Almalki Naif A. R. , Bawadood Azizah Salim , Alzarea Sami I. , Sayyed Nadeem , Kazmi Imran 
Published: July 2024

Background
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an extremely harmful autosomal inherited neurodegenerative disease. Motor dysfunction, mental disorder, and cognitive deficits are the characteristic features of this disease. The current study examined whether 6-shogaol has a protective effect against 3-Nitropropionic Acid (3-NPA)-induced HD in rats.

Methods
A total of thirty male Wistar rats received 6-shogaol (10 and 20 mg/kg, per oral) an hour before injection of 3-NPA (10 mg/kg i.p.) for 15 days. Behavioral tests were performed, including narrow beam walk, rotarod test, and grip strength test. Biochemical tests promoting oxidative stress were evaluated [superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA)], including changes to neurotransmitters serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), homovanillic acid (HVA), (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The 6-shogaol was docked to the active site of TNF-α (2AZ5), NF-κB (1SVC), BDNF) [1B8M], and Nrf2 [5FZN] proteins using AutoDock tools.

Results
The 6-shogaol group significantly improved behavioral activity over the 3-NPA-injected control rats. Moreover, 3-NPA-induced significantly altered neurotransmitters, biochemical and neuroinflammatory indices, which could efficiently be reversed by 6-shogaol. The 6-shogaol showed favorable negative binding energies at -9.271 (BDNF) kcal/mol.

Conclusions
The present investigation demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of 6-shogaol in an experimental animal paradigm against 3-NPA-induced HD in rats. The suggested mechanism is supported by immunohistochemical analysis and western blots, although more research is necessary for definite confirmation.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Fecal Immunochemical Test, Fecal Calprotectin, and Serum C-Reactive Protein in Diagnosing Patients With Chronic Lower Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Authors: Limsrivilai Julajak , Yodmalai Chatrawee , Chaemsupaphan Thanaboon , Sattayalertyanyong Onuma , Subdee Nichcha , Permpim Parinya , Phaophu Phutthaphorn , Kaosombatwattana Uayporn , Pausawasdi Nonthalee , Riansuwan Woramin , Charatcharoenwitthaya Phunchai , Pongprasobchai Supot 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Accurate early detection of ileocolonic lesions in patients with chronic lower gastrointestinal symptoms (LGISs) is often difficult due to the rarity of early-stage alarm signs. This study assesses the effectiveness of noninvasive blood and stool biomarkers in diagnosing ileocolonic lesions in patients with chronic LGISs undergoing colonoscopy.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective study between April 2020 and July 2022 involving patients with LGISs lasting a month or more. Before colonoscopy, we gathered clinical data, blood samples for C-reactive protein (CRP) and stool samples for fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and fecal calprotectin (FC) analysis.

RESULTS:
Of 922 participants analyzed (average age 62 years, 37% male), 130 (14.1%) had significant colonoscopy findings, including cancer, advanced adenoma, and inflammatory conditions. Test effectiveness showed an area under the curve of 0.630 for alarm features, 0.643 for CRP, 0.781 for FIT, and 0.667 for FC. Combining stool tests with alarm features improved diagnostic precision. Those without alarm features had a high negative predictive value of 0.97 with low threshold FIT and FC, missing minimal significant lesions, and no cancer. For patients with alarm features, dual high-cutoff test positivity showed a positive predictive value of 0.67. Adding CRP to fecal tests did not enhance accuracy.

DISCUSSION:
FIT and FC are valuable in evaluating LGISs. Negative results at low cutoffs can delay colonoscopy in limited resource settings while positive results at dual high cutoffs substantiate the need for the procedure.
The Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Self-Esteem in Medical Students of Diponegoro University
Authors: Subiyakto Difa Maulana , Saktini Fanti , Sumekar Tanjung Ayu 
Published: July 2024

Background: In the modern era, social media has become a necessity in carrying out daily activities. Playing social media too often can have negative effects. These negative effects include addiction. Social media addiction can interfere with daily activities and affect the level of self-esteem. Objective: To prove the relationship between social media addiction and selfesteem among medical students at Universitas Diponegoro. Methods: This research was an analytical observational investigation utilizing a cross-sectional methodology. The study was carried out over a span of one month, involving 90 participants from the medical students batch 2022 at Universitas Diponegoro. The questionnaires used were the Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form (SMAS-SF) and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). The assessment of the correlation between social media addiction and self-esteem using the Spearman test. Results: 2.2% of respondents had a very low level of social media addiction; 52.2% had a low level; 44.4% had a high level; and 1.1% had a very high level. In terms of self-esteem, the data revealed that 84.4% of respondents had a high level of self-esteem, while 15.6% had a low level. In the correlation test between demographic factors, social media addiction, and self-esteem, an insignificant relationship was found with a p-value greater than 0,05. Meanwhile, a significant relationship was found in the correlation test between social media addiction and the level of self-esteem (p=0.001, r=-0.335). Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between social media addiction and the level of self-esteem among medical students at Diponegoro University.