bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contacts with health services for COVID-19-related reasons during the first wave of the pandemic in Portugal: a longitudinal study
Authors: Granja Mónica , Correia Daniela , Alves Luís , Severo Milton , Lucas Raquel , Correia Sofia 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAccess to COVID-19-related care during the pandemic deserve attention and study to inform future strategies to deal with similar health emergencies in the future. We aimed to describe access to care for COVID-19-related reasons during the first 9 weeks of the pandemic in Portugal, to quantify the frequency of remote and in-person contacts with healthcare for COVID-19-related reasons and to assess the association between individual and context characteristics and contacts with health services.MethodsWe conducted an internet-based open cohort study with a non-probabilistic sample of 12 006 persons aged 16 years or more. One questionnaire was sent daily from 23 March 2020 for 9 weeks.ResultsGeneral practitioners (GPs) were the main points of contact of patients with health services for COVID-19-related reasons. In our population, the main drivers found for any difference in the probability of contact with health services for COVID-19-related reasons were perceived high-risk contacts, followed by the existence of COVID-19 main symptoms. There were 17% more (0.17, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.18) contacts with health services among participants who reported personal contact with a confirmed case, 7% more (0.07, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.07) contacts if the contact had been with a suspected case and 6% more (0.06, 95%CI 0.05 to 0.07) contacts among participants who reported COVID-19 main symptoms in the previous 24 hours. Sociodemographic and household factors were not associated with major differences in healthcare contacts. The probability of contact with any health service for COVID-19-related reasons was highest at the beginning of the pandemic.ConclusionMost contacts with health services for COVID-19-related reasons during the first wave of the pandemic were with GPs, highlighting the role of first-contact care with these clinicians in Portuguese Primary Care, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic and household factors were not associated with major risk differences, suggesting that universal coverage and equity worked in our study sample at this pandemic stage.
From onset to blindness: a comprehensive analysis of
RPGR
-associated X-linked retinopathy in a large cohort in China
Authors: Wu Jiawen , Li Junfeng , Zhang Daowei , Liu Hongli , Li Ting , Xu Ping , Zhao Yingke , Li Chenchen , Hu Fangyuan , Li Qian , Zhang Shenghai , Wu Ji-Hong 
Published: August 2024

Background

Variants in the
RPGR
are the leading cause of X-linked retinopathies (XLRPs). Further in-depth investigation is needed to understand the natural history.

Methods
Review of all case records, molecular genetic testing results, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal imaging data (including fundus autofluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT)), static visual field (VF) assessments and full-field electroretinogram.

Results
Genetic testing was conducted on 104 male patients from 89 family pedigrees, identifying 22 novel variants and 1 de novo variant. The initial symptoms appeared in 78.2% of patients at a median age of 5 years. BCVA declined at a mean rate of 0.02 (IQR, 0–0.04) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution per year, with a gradual, non-linear decrease over the first 40 years. Autofluorescence imaging revealed macular atrophy at a median age of 36.1 (IQR, 29.9–43.2) years. Patients experienced blindness at a median age of 42.5 (IQR, 32.9–45.2) years according to WHO visual impairment categories. OCT analysis showed a mean ellipsoid zone narrowing rate of 23.3 (IQR, −1.04–22.29) µm/month, with an accelerated reduction in the first 40 years (p<0.01). The median age at which ERG no longer detected a waveform was 26.5 (IQR, 20.5–32.8) years. Comparison by variant location indicated faster progression in patients with exon 1–14 variants during the initial two decades, while those with ORF15 variants showed accelerated progression from the third decade.

Conclusions
We provide a foundation for determining the treatment window and an objective basis for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of gene therapy for XLRP.
Prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) examined in the trauma population
Authors: Schwartz Barrett , Nguyen Vincent , Barats Michael , Motiwala Mustafa , Himel Sean , Weatherford David M , Inoa-Acosta Violiza , Goyal Nitin , Khan Nickalus R , Hoit Daniel , Elijovich Lucas , Arthur Adam S , Nickele Christopher 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPrevious data on the prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) vary widely, and studies based on these data are plagued with unintentional bias. Accurate prevalence data are paramount for any physician who counsels patients with intracranial aneurysms on rupture risk and treatment. We therefore sought to determine a more accurate number for the true prevalence of UIAs.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted at a level 1 trauma center and tertiary care hospital in an urban setting between 2019 and 2020. Inclusion criteria included patients admitted with blunt trauma. Exclusion criteria included not having a head and neck CTA performed and read by an attending radiologist. All head and neck CTA radiology reads were reviewed for incidentally discovered UIAs. Subgroup analysis was performed by age group, race, and gender.ResultsA total of 5978 out of 8999 patients met the inclusion criteria, and 54 patients with 58 total aneurysms were identified giving an overall prevalence of 0.9%. Subgroup analysis was performed for all age groups, genders, and racial groups.ConclusionThe overall aneurysm prevalence was found to be 0.9% in this sample. This rate is lower than rates previously cited in the literature and those quoted in local practice. This finding has significant implications when attempting to understand average rupture risk. Further studies are needed to power more subgroup analyses to use a more personalized approach to understanding an individual’s risk of rupture.
Effects of systemic lupus erythematosus on the brain: a systematic review of structural MRI findings and their relationships with cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Valdés Cabrera Diana , El Tal Tala , Mohamed Ibrahim , Arciniegas Santiago Eduardo , Fevrier Stephanie , Ledochowski Justine , Knight Andrea M 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCognitive dysfunction (CD) is highly prevalent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Neuroimaging utilising advanced MRI metrics may yield mechanistic insights. We conducted a systematic review of neuroimaging studies to investigate the relationship between structural and diffusion MRI metrics and CD in SLE.MethodsWe systematically searched several databases between January 2000 and October 2023 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Retrospective and prospective studies were screened for search criteria keywords (including structural or diffusion MRI, cognitive function and SLE) to identify peer-reviewed articles reporting advanced structural MRI metrics and evaluating CD in human patients with SLE.ResultsEighteen studies (8 structural MRI, 9 diffusion MRI and 1 with both modalities) were included; sample sizes ranged from 11 to 120 participants with SLE. Neurocognitive assessments and neuroimaging techniques, parameters and processing differed across articles. The most frequently affected cognitive domains were memory, psychomotor speed and attention; while abnormal structural and/or diffusion MRI metrics were found more consistently in the hippocampus, corpus callosum and frontal cortex of patients with SLE, with and without clinically diagnosed central nervous system involvement.ConclusionAdvanced structural MRI analysis can identify total and regional brain abnormalities associated with CD in patients with SLE, with potential to enhance clinical assessment. Future collaborative, longitudinal studies of neuroimaging in SLE are needed to better characterise CD, with focus on harmonised neurocognitive assessments, neuroimaging acquisitions and postprocessing analyses and improved clinical characterisation of SLE cohorts.
Incidence, trends and factors associated with psychological injury among health and social care workers in New South Wales, Australia: a retrospective cohort study of workers’ compensation claims
Authors: Gelaw Asmare Yitayeh , Sheehan Luke , Gray Shannon Elise , Collie Alex 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo describe and compare the incidence and trends of workers’ compensation (WC) claims for psychological injury: (1) between health and social care (HSC) industry and other industries; (2) among specific occupations in the HSC industry; and (3) to determine if psychological injury claim rates differ by age and gender in the HSC industry and among specific occupations.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the New South Wales WC system. Workers with accepted psychological injury claims between July 2012 and June 2021 were included. Negative binomial regression models were employed to estimate incidence rate ratios and 95% CIs.ResultsThe HSC industry had a higher incidence (2.4 per 1000 workers) than all other industries combined (1.1 per 1000 workers). In the HSC industry, the incidence increased from 1.8 in 2013–2015 to 3.4 in 2019–2021. Ambulance officers had the highest incidence (24.9 per 1000 workers) and the highest growth rate. Nurses and midwives, and aged and disability care workers also had fast-growing incidence over the 9 years. Risk of psychological injury claims was highest among female workers and older adults.ConclusionsThe increasing incidence and trend of psychological injury claims among HSC workers in New South Wales signify a growing public health issue. Greater efforts are needed to prevent work-related psychological injury in the HSC industry and support affected workers. The different patterns of psychological injury claims across occupations suggest that interventions should be tailored to each occupational group.
Characteristics of and engagement with URL resources shared among online vaping communities on Reddit
Authors: Rohde Jacob A , Muro Abigail H , D'Angelo Heather 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionReddit is a popular social media platform for sharing information about vaping. Little is known about the types of external resources that Reddit users in vaping communities share and engage with.MethodsWe analysed 2315 posts containing uniform resource locators (URLs) published to vaping communities on Reddit between November 2021 and October 2022. We coded URLs into eight mutually exclusive domain types. A mixed-effects Poisson regression model examined whether domain type was associated with user engagement (ie, number of unique commenters).ResultsPosts contained links to social media (35%), image hosting (31%), vaping-related commerce (19%), eJuice (12%), general vaping (6%), news (2%) and research (1%) URL domains. There were 237 unique vaping-related commerce domains (eg, ziipstock.com). The average number of commenters per post was 5.43 (SD=8.04). The rate of commenters was higher for posts sharing research (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 1.74, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.36) and news (aRR 1.56, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.38) domains compared with vape-related commerce domains.ConclusionReddit users in vaping communities share and interact with a variety of external resources. The >200 different vaping-related commerce domains in our sample speak to the breadth and availability of websites that Reddit users (perhaps even those underage) may be using to browse and purchase vaping devices.
Critical remarks on Finslerian modified gravity
Authors: Nekouee Z. , Narasimhamurthy S. K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe disagree with the analysis presented in the paper entitled “Finslerian extension of an anisotropic strange star in the domain of modified gravity” (by Sourav Roy Chowdhury et al., published in Eur Phys J C 84:472, 2024). They applied the Finsler space-time to develop the Einstein field equations in the extension of modified geometry. According to the Finsler metric structure, they have considered $$\overline{Ric}>1$$

Ric

¯

>
1

to develop a stable physical system and have also shown that the Finslerian background is a strong candidate for describing the compact system.
$$X_0(2900)$$ and $$\chi _{c0}(3930)$$ in process $$B^+\rightarrow D^+ D^- K^+$$
Authors: Ding Zuo-Ming , Huang Qi , He Jun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the nature of the $$X_0(2900)$$

X
0

(
2900
)

and $$\chi _{c0}(3930)$$

χ

c
0

(
3930
)

based on experimental results of the process $$B^+$$

B
+

$$\rightarrow $$
→
$$D^+ D^- K^+$$

D
+

D
-

K
+

. We focus on the S-wave $$D^{*-}K^{*+}$$

D

∗
-

K

∗
+

and $$D_s^+D_s^-$$

D
s
+

D
s
-

molecular states, which can be related to the $$X_0(2900)$$

X
0

(
2900
)

and $$\chi _{c0}(3930)$$

χ

c
0

(
3930
)

, respectively. Using effective Lagrangians, we construct the potential kernel of the $$D^{*-}K^{*+}$$

D

∗
-

K

∗
+

–$$D^{-}K^{+}$$

D
-

K
+

and $$D_s^+D_s^-$$

D
s
+

D
s
-

–$$D^+D^-$$

D
+

D
-

interactions with a one-boson-exchange model, and determine the scattering amplitudes and their poles through a quasipotential Bethe–Salpeter equation approach. By incorporating the potential kernel into the three-body decay process $$B^+$$

B
+

$$\rightarrow $$
→
$$D^+ D^- K^+$$

D
+

D
-

K
+

, we evaluate the $$D^-K^+$$

D
-

K
+

and $$D^+D^-$$

D
+

D
-

invariant mass spectra, as well as the Dalitz plot, using Monte Carlo simulation. A satisfactory fit to the $$D^-K^+$$

D
-

K
+

and $$D^+D^-$$

D
+

D
-

invariant mass spectra is achieved after introducing additional Breit–Wigner resonances, $$X_1(2900)$$

X
1

(
2900
)

, $$\psi (3770)$$

ψ
(
3770
)

, and $$\chi _{c2}(3930)$$

χ

c
2

(
3930
)

. Prominent signals of the $$X_0(2900)$$

X
0

(
2900
)

and $$\chi _{c0}(3930)$$

χ

c
0

(
3930
)

states appear as peaks in the $$D^-K^+$$

D
-

K
+

and $$D^+D^-$$

D
+

D
-

invariant mass spectra near 2900 and 3930 MeV, respectively. Clear event concentration from the $$X_0(2900)$$

X
0

(
2900
)

and $$\chi _0(3930)$$

χ
0

(
3930
)

is evident as strips in the Dalitz plot. The results suggest that both $$X_0(2900)$$

X
0

(
2900
)

and $$\chi _{c0}(3930)$$

χ

c
0

(
3930
)

can be interpreted as molecular states, with the inclusion of $$X_1(2900)$$

X
1

(
2900
)

and $$\chi _2(3930)$$

χ
2

(
3930
)

necessary to describe structures in the $$D^-K^+$$

D
-

K
+

and $$D^+D^-$$

D
+

D
-

invariant mass spectra, respectively.
Optimization by linear kinetic equations and mean-field Langevin dynamics
Authors: Pareschi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2024

One of the most striking examples of the close connections between global optimization processes and statistical physics is the simulated annealing method, inspired by the famous Monte Carlo algorithm devised by Metropolis et al. in the middle of last century. In this paper, we show how the tools of linear kinetic theory allow the description of this gradient-free algorithm from the perspective of statistical physics and how convergence to the global minimum can be related to classical entropy inequalities. This analysis highlights the strong link between linear Boltzmann equations and stochastic optimization methods governed by Markov processes. Thanks to this formalism, we can establish the connections between the simulated annealing process and the corresponding mean-field Langevin dynamics characterized by a stochastic gradient descent approach. Generalizations to other selection strategies in simulated annealing that avoid the acceptance–rejection dynamic are also provided.
Accurate Sampling-Based Cardinality Estimation for Complex Graph Queries
Authors: Hu Pan , Motik Boris 
Published: August 2024

Accurately estimating the cardinality (i.e., the number of answers) of complex queries plays a central role in database systems. This problem is particularly difficult in graph databases, where queries often involve a large number of joins and self-joins. Recently, Park et al. [55] surveyed seven state-of-the-art cardinality estimation approaches for graph queries. The results of their extensive empirical evaluation show that a sampling method based on theWanderJoinonline aggregation algorithm [47] consistently offers superior accuracy.We extended the framework by Park et al. [55] with three additional datasets and repeated their experiments. Our results showed that WanderJoin is indeed very accurate, but it can often take a large number of samples and thus be very slow. Moreover, when queries are complex and data distributions are skewed, it often fails to find valid samples and estimates the cardinality as zero. Finally, complex graph queries often go beyond simple graph matching and involve arbitrary nesting of relational operators such as disjunction, difference, and duplicate elimination. Neither of the methods considered by Park et al. [55] is applicable to such queries.In this article, we present a novel approach for estimating the cardinality of complex graph queries. Our approach is inspired by WanderJoin, but, unlike all approaches known to us, it can process complex queries with arbitrary operator nesting. Our estimator is strongly consistent, meaning that the average of repeated estimates converges with probability one to the actual cardinality. We present optimisations of the basic algorithm that aim to reduce the chance of producing zero estimates and improve accuracy. We show empirically that our approach is both accurate and quick on complex queries and large datasets. Finally, we discuss how to integrate our approach into a simple dynamic programming query planner, and we confirm empirically that our planner produces high-quality plans that can significantly reduce end-to-end query evaluation times.
Hostile State Disinformation in the Internet Age
Authors: Clarke Richard A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Foreign actors, particularly Russia and China, are using disinformation as a tool to sow doubts and counterfactuals within the U.S. population. This tactic is not new. From Nazi influence campaigns in the United States to the Soviets spreading lies about the origins of HIV, disinformation has been a powerful tool throughout history. The modern “information age” and the reach of the internet has only exacerbated the impact of these sophisticated campaigns. What then can be done to limit the future effectiveness of the dissemination of foreign states’ disinformation? Who has the responsibility and where does the First Amendment draw the boundaries of jurisdiction?
Seasons of death: patterns of predation on wild lemurs and other fauna by endemic and introduced predators
Authors: Sauther Michelle L. , Cuozzo Frank P. , Youssouf Ibrahim Antho Jacky , Strinden Michael , LaFleur Marni , Ness Jenifer , Larsen Richard Scott , Millette James , O’Mara Teague 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduced species can negatively impact endemic flora and fauna. Studies have primarily utilized camera trap observations and occupancy modelling to better clarify the presence/absence and temporal overlap of endemic and exotic predators. Longitudinal data from field research sites are important as they can provide a finer understanding of predator dynamics and their effects on endemic species. One such site is the Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve, in southern Madagascar. Protected since the 1970s, the local human population around Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve has greatly expanded, leading to habitat disturbance in the surrounding forests and increased contact between local wildlife, people and their livestock and dogs. Here we use a combination of scat sampling, field observations of successful and attempted predations, locations of scat samples with identifiable lemur remains, and camera trap data to better assess the predator ecology at Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve. Our results indicate that forest cats (Felis catus), are effective predators of both adult and infant lemurs and appear to be a constant mammalian predator, utilizing mammal prey more than dogs. Dogs are both predators and scavengers of lemurs. Civets focus on small prey, such as insects and rodents as well as plant material. The fosa, Cryptoprocta ferox, are also present but may not hunt in the area continuously. The killing of an adult ring-tailed lemur by two men from outside the area indicate culturally imposed taboos against lemur killing may no longer be effective given that new arrivals may not share the same local cultural restrictions. Scat sampling of exotic predators is one way to expand our understanding of exotic and endemic predator impact on lemur populations, and long-term studies with multiple assessments of predation can provide a clearer understanding of how non-endemic and endemic predators affect endangered species survival.
Ezekiel’s גר: Reassigning the Liminal Other within a Trauma-Forged Identity
Authors: Christiaan Faul J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The small, two-verse interpolation of Ezekiel 47:22-23 is widely considered one of the most inclusive texts in the Hebrew Bible. Its instruction regarding the גרים allowed for full inclusion into the community that Ezekiel believed to be the true Israel. However, interpretations that view these verses as hyper-inclusive often view the גרים as foreigners. Such a view is largely based on understanding the term גר along linguistic rather than anthropological lines. This paper will explore the use of the term גר in both Ezekiel and the Holiness School to better understand the group envisioned by the author of Ezekiel 47:22-23. In so doing, I will demonstrate that these verses should not be understood simply along a binary of inclusive versus exclusive, but rather as part of a larger project of identity reformulation that occurred as part of a trauma process around the Babylonian exile.
Morphological and molecular characterisation of Persinema enigmaticum gen. n., sp. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida), a new remarkable taxon from Iran
Authors: Peña-Santiago Reyes , Asgari Mohsen , Mohammadlou Mahsa , Abolafia Joaquín , Eskandari Ali 
Published: August 2024

Summary
A new genus is proposed to accommodate an undescribed dorylaimid form collected in Iran. Persianema gen. n. is characterised by its three-layered cuticle, oral field appreciably sunken but its perioral area visibly protruding, odontostyle less than one-half of lip region diam. and with large aperture, guiding ring simple and always located in front of odontostyle, odontophore 4-5 times longer than odontostyle, dorsal gland nucleus (DN) very posteriorly located, female genital system di-ovarian with well-developed pars refringens vaginae, tail short and rounded in both sexes, spicules dorylaimid and 3-4 spaced ventromedian supplements with hiatus. Its type and only species, P. enigmaticum sp. n., is described and illustrated, including SEM observations. It is distiguished by its 1.45-2.03 mm long body, lip region offset by shallow depression and 15.5-17.5 μm wide, odontostyle 6-7 μm long with aperture occupying more than half of its length, neck 285-340 μm long, pharyngeal expansion 38-43% of the total neck length, three gland cells present at pharyngo-intestinal junction, simple uterus 81-113 μm or 1.7-3.1 body diam. long, transverse vulva (V = 50-54), tail 15-25 μm long (c = 69-106, c′ = 0.6-0.8) and spicules 38-48 μm long. Molecular analysis of D2-D3 28S rDNA sequences revealed its closest similarity with Pungentus sequences, and an integrative comparison supports its belonging to Pungentinae.