bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A reinvestigation of recruitment to randomised, controlled, multicenter trials: a review of trials funded by two UK funding agencies
Authors: Sully Ben G O , Julious Steven A , Nicholl Jon 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard assessment for health technologies. A key aspect of the design of any clinical trial is the target sample size. However, many publicly-funded trials fail to reach their target sample size. This study seeks to assess the current state of recruitment success and grant extensions in trials funded by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) program and the UK Medical Research Council (MRC).

Methods
Data were gathered from two sources: the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) HTA Journal Archive and the MRC subset of the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) register. A total of 440 trials recruiting between 2002 and 2008 were assessed for eligibility, of which 73 met the inclusion criteria. Where data were unavailable from the reports, members of the trial team were contacted to ensure completeness.

Results
Over half (55%) of trials recruited their originally specified target sample size, with over three-quarters (78%) recruiting 80% of their target. There was no evidence of this improving over the time of the assessment. Nearly half (45%) of trials received an extension of some kind. Those that did were no more likely to successfully recruit. Trials with 80% power were less likely to successfully recruit compared to studies with 90% power.

Conclusions
While recruitment appears to have improved since 1994 to 2002, publicly-funded trials in the UK still struggle to recruit to their target sample size, and both time and financial extensions are often requested. Strategies to cope with such problems should be more widely applied. It is recommended that where possible studies are planned with 90% power.
Genetic etiology study of the non-syndromic deafness in Chinese Hans by targeted next-generation sequencing
Authors: Yang Tao , Wei Xiaoming , Chai Yongchuan , Li Lei , Wu Hao 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Although over 60 non-syndromic deafness genes have been identified to date, the etiologic contribution of most deafness genes remained elusive. In this study, we addressed this issue by targeted next-generation sequencing of a large cohort of non-syndromic deaf probands.

Methods
Probands with mutations in commonly screened deafness genes GJB2, SLC26A4 and MT-RNR1 were pre-excluded by Sanger sequencing. The remaining 125 deaf probands proceeded through targeted exon capturing of 79 known deafness genes and Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing.

Results
Bi-allelic mutations in 15 less commonly screened deafness genes were identified in 28 deaf probands, with mutations in MYO15A, GPR98, TMC1, USH2A and PCDH15 being relatively more frequent (≥3 probands each). Dominant mutations in MYO6, TECTA, POU4F3 and COCH were identified in 4 deaf families. A mitochondrial MTTS1 mutation was identified in one maternally inherited deaf family. No pathogenic mutations were identified in three dominant deaf families and two consanguineous families.

Conclusions
Mutations in the less commonly screened deafness genes were heterogeneous and contributed to a significant percentage (17.4%) of causes for non-syndromic deafness. Targeted next-generation sequencing provided a comprehensive and efficient diagnosis for known deafness genes. Complementary to linkage analysis or whole-exome sequencing of deaf families, pre-exclusion of known deafness genes by this strategy may facilitate the discovery of novel deafness genes.
Erratum to: Reconstructive management of the rare bilateral oral submucos fibrosisusing nasolabial flap in comparison with free radial forearm flap - a randomisedprospective trial
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Rana Madiha , Shaheen Anjum , Warraich Riaz , Kokemueller Horst , Eckardt André Michael , Gellrich Nils-Claudius , Rana Majeed 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Oral sub mucous fibrosis is a rare chronic, progressive, pre malignant collagendisorder of oral mucosa in people of Asian descent characterized by trismus,blanching and stiffness of mucosa, burning sensation in mouth and hypomobility ofsoft palate and tongue with loss of gustatory sensation. Betel nut chewing is themost common etiological agent. Surgery remains the main stay in severe cases andaims at release of fibrotic bands and resurfacing the raw areas with differentoptions. Reconstruction can be done by using nasolabial flap or radial freeforearm flap. The purpose of this study was to compare the mouth opening after thereconstruction with either nasolabial flap or radial free forearm flap.

Methods
This study was carried out on fifty (50) patients with oral sub mucous fibrosis.Twenty five (25) of these were reconstructed by nasolabial flap and twenty five(25) were reconstructed by radial free forearm flap. At different intervals oftheir post-operative visits, they were evaluated for the interincisal distance andthe difference between the two groups was assessed.

Results
Average increase in interincisal distance was greater in patients reconstructedwith radial free forearm flap compared with patient reconstructed by nasolabialflap i.e. 18.96 mm and 15.16 mm respectively with ‘P’ value >0.05.

Conclusions
Based on the results of this study, there was no significant difference in mouthopening after reconstruction with radial forearm free flap compared to nasolabialflap.
Cloning, overexpression and biocatalytic exploration of a novel Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
Authors: Mascotti Maria Laura , Juri Ayub Maximiliano , Dudek Hanna , Sanz Marcela Kurina , Fraaije Marco W 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The presence of several putative Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases (BVMOs) encoding genes in Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 was demonstrated for the first time. One of the identified BVMO-encoding genes was cloned and successfully overexpressed fused to the cofactor regenerating enzyme phosphite dehydrogenase (PTDH). The enzyme named BVMOAf1 was extensively characterized in terms of its substrate scope and essential kinetic features. It showed high chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity not only in the oxidation of asymmetric sulfides, (S)-sulfoxides were obtained with 99% ee, but also in the kinetic resolution of bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one. This kinetic resolution process led to the production of (1S,5R) normal lactone and (1R,5S) abnormal lactone with a regioisomeric ratio of 1:1 and 99% ee each. Besides, different reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature and the presence of organic solvents, have been tested, revealing that BVMOAf1 is a relatively robust biocatalyst.
Hyperosmotic priming of Arabidopsis seedlings establishes a long-term somatic memory accompanied by specific changes of the epigenome
Authors: Sani Emanuela , Herzyk Pawel , Perrella Giorgio , Colot Vincent , Amtmann Anna 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Background
In arid and semi-arid environments, drought and soil salinity usually occur at the beginning and end of a plant's life cycle, offering a natural opportunity for the priming of young plants to enhance stress tolerance in mature plants. Chromatin marks, such as histone modifications, provide a potential molecular mechanism for priming plants to environmental stresses, but whether transient exposure of seedlings to hyperosmotic stress leads to chromatin changes that are maintained throughout vegetative growth remains unclear.

Results
We have established an effective protocol for hyperosmotic priming in the model plant Arabidopsis, which includes a transient mild salt treatment of seedlings followed by an extensive period of growth in control conditions. Primed plants are identical to non-primed plants in growth and development, yet they display reduced salt uptake and enhanced drought tolerance after a second stress exposure. ChIP-seq analysis of four histone modifications revealed that the priming treatment altered the epigenomic landscape; the changes were small but they were specific for the treated tissue, varied in number and direction depending on the modification, and preferentially targeted transcription factors. Notably, priming leads to shortening and fractionation of H3K27me3 islands. This effect fades over time, but is still apparent after a ten day growth period in control conditions. Several genes with priming-induced differences in H3K27me3 showed altered transcriptional responsiveness to the second stress treatment.

Conclusion
Experience of transient hyperosmotic stress by young plants is stored in a long-term somatic memory comprising differences of chromatin status, transcriptional responsiveness and whole plant physiology.
Photoinduced Large Increase in the Refractive Index of N-2-Thenoyloxyaryl-4-tert-butylphenoxyacetamide Film
Authors: Arai Taichi , Kobayashi Sakiho , Oshimi Natsuko , Igarashi Tetsutaro , Sakurai Tadamitsu 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The irradiation of N-2-thenoyloxyaryl-4-tert-butylphenoxyacetamides in their molecular film states at 254 nm was found to selectively afford the corresponding photo-Fries rearranged products. This rearrangement reaction was also found to lead to a large increase in the refractive indices of the films, which ranged from 0.021 to 0.035.
Book Reviews
Authors: Beadling Laura L. , Daseler Graham , Johnson Martin L. , Kunze Peter C. , Lake Carolyn , Pendakur Manjunath , Riley John A. , Rush Zachariah 
Published: June 2013

The Film Theory Reader: Debates and Arguments, Marc Furstenau, (2010) London: Routledge, 304 pp., ISBN: 415-49322-6 (pbk), $49.95, ISBN: 415-49317-X (hbk), $136.00
Reeling: Do the Movies Have a Future?, David Denby, (2012)New York: Simon & Schuster, 347 pp., ISBN
9781416599470 (hbk), $27.00
Cinema’s Alchemist: The Films of Péter Forgács, Bill Nichols and Michael Renov (eds), (2011) Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, xxi + 271 pp., ISBN 9780816648757 (pbk), $27.50
New Zealand Film & Television: Institution,
Industry and Cultural Change, Trisha Dunleavy and Hester Joyce, (2011) Bristol and Chicago: Intellect, 250 pp., ISBN 4781841504575 (pbk), £29.95/$50.00
New Zealand Cinema: Interpreting the Past, Alistair Fox, Barry Keith Grant and Hilary Radner (eds), (2011) Bristol, UK and
Chicago: Intellect, 350 pp., ISBN 9781841504254 (pbk), £19.95/$40.00
Producing Bollywood: Inside the Contemporary Hindi Film Industry, Tejaswini Ganti (2012) Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 424 pp., ISBN 9780823352136 (pbk), $27.95
The Apu Trilogy: Satyajit
Ray and the Making of an Epic, Andrew Robinson, (2011) London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 212 pp., ISBN 9781848855158 (pbk), £12.99
A Social History of Iranian Cinema: Volume 3, The Islamicate Period, 1978–1984, Hamid Naficy, (2012) Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 288 pp.,
ISBN 9780822348771 (pbk), $24.95, ISBN 9780822348658 (hbk), $89.95
Solar Water Disinfection Using NF-codoped TiO2 Photocatalysis: Estimation of Scaling-up Parameters
Authors: H. Castillo Jordana , Bueno Alba , Pelaez Miguel A. , Sanchez-Salas Jose Luis , Dionysiou Dionysios D. , Bandala Erick R. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this work, the use of previously reported figures-of-merit is proposed for the comparison of solar-driven photocatalytic disinfection technologies using NF-codoped TiO2. These figures-of-merit are based on the solar collection area per order (ACO) through the understanding of the overall kinetic behavior of the disinfection process under the tested conditions: pH 7, four different catalyst concentrations (0.0, 0.10, 0.25 and 50 mgmL−
1) and two solar radiation types (UV+visible and visible radiation alone). The results provide a direct link to the accumulated energy efficiency (the lowest the value the highest the efficiency) of the inactivation process, allowing the comparison between the efficiencies of a broad range of processes evaluating different experimental conditions.
Crystal structure of (3R,4S)-4-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxopropyl)azetidin-2-one, C31H25F2NO3
Authors: Yang Zhao , Wang Zhi-Xiang 
Published: June 2013

Abstract C31H25F2NO3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.840(1) Å, b = 16.645(3) Å, c = 25.716(5) Å, V = 2499.8 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0672, wRref(F2) = 0.1072, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 14-O-[(4-chlorobenzamide-2-methylpropane-2-yl)-thioacetate] mutilin diethanol solvate, C37H58ClNO7S
Authors: Zhao Fengwu , Wang Guirong 
Published: June 2013

Abstract C37H58ClNO7S, orthorhombic, P212121 (no.19), a = 10.4285(2) Å, b = 11.0722(2) Å, c = 31.7312(6) Å, V = 3663.90 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0307, wRref(F2) = 0.0797, T = 100.00(10) K.
Affirmation as a type of modality: evidence from Serbian and English
Authors: Grygiel Marcin 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present modes of grammatical representation of affirmation in Serbian and English. I will explore the hypothesis that affirmation is a type of modality and its expression involves syntactic and morphological markers. The formal expression of strong types of affirmation modality is characte­rized by the preference for long, full and stressed variants of modal auxiliaries Alternatively, affirmative verb forms may be intensified by additional suprasegmental elements, such as intonation, or even para­linguistic tools, gestures and non-verbal ways of reinforcing a statement. This seems to confirm the general function-form isomorphism requiring the more complex mental events to be represented by more complex structures. I will argue that this requirement may initiate the process of auxiliation, perceived as a search to find a more adequate means for expressing affirmation modality.
The influence of the stator geometry on magnetic bearing parameters
Authors: Tomczuk Bronisław , Wajnert Dawid 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the stator teeth geometry impact on the parameters of the 8-pole radial magnetic bearing. In this paper, such parameters as current gain and position stiffness have been analysed. Additionally, we have proposed criteria for evaluating the characteristics of these parameters by calculating the variability of current gain and position stiffness. The research has been performed by solving the magnetic bearing actuator boundary problem using the finite element method. Magnetic force has been calculated using the Maxwell stress tensor method. Other parameters, such as current gain and position stiffness have been calculated as partial derivate of the force with respect to control current and position of the rotor.
Sensorless and energy-efficient PMSM drive for fan application
Authors: Brock Stefan , Pajchrowski Tomasz 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The paper presents the problem of sensorless control of a permanent magnets synchronous motor (PMSM) without a damping cage for fan applications. Frequency control was used according to the principle of v/f = const. In order to reduce the power consumption of the drive system, the optimal voltage to the motor frequency characteristics was tested in the laboratory. The experimental studies was performed on a laboratory set of a drive consisting of two coupled PMSM machines, where one machine was supplied by a transistor inverter and the other was a passive load. A new criterion based on minimizing the module of stator current vector was proposed and an optimization algorithm in steady states was tested. The results of laboratory tests confirmed the validity of the applied solution for the fan drive.
Single-phase line start permanent magnet synchronous motor. Rotor construction and stator winding optimization
Authors: Gwoździewicz Maciej , Zawilak Jan 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The paper deals with construction of single-phase line start permanent magnet synchronous motor. Circuit-field single-phase line start permanent magnet synchronous motor model based on the mass production single-phase induction motor was applied in Maxwell program. Various rotor constructions were taken into account. Influence of the rotor construction on the motor properties was examined. Running motor performances were examined.
Design and simulation of disk stepper motor with permanent magnets
Authors: Kaňuch Ján , Ferková Želmíra 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this paper the design and the magneto-static simulation of axial-flux permanent- magnet stepper motor with the disc type rotor is presented. Disk motors are particularly suitable for electrical vehicles, robots, valve control, pumps, centrifuges, fans, machine tools and manufacturing. The brushless machine with axial flux and permanent magnets, also called the disc-type machine, is an interesting alternative to its cylindrical radial flux counterpart due to the disk shape, compact construction and high torque density. This paper describes a design of four phase microstepping motor with the disc type rotor. The FEM modeling and the 3D magneto-static simulation of the disk stepper motor with permanent magnets is being subject of the article, too. Disc rotor type permanent magnet stepper motor for high torque to inertia ratio is ideal for robotics and CNC machines.
A current-source concept for fast and efficient driving of silicon carbide transistors
Authors: Rąbkowski Jacek 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The paper discusses the application of the current-source concept in the gate drivers for silicon carbide transistors. There is a common expectation that all SiC devices will be switched very fast in order to reach very low values of switching energies. This may be achieved with the use of suitable gate drivers and one of possibilities is a solution with the current source. The basic idea is to store energy in magnetic field of a small inductor and then release it to generate the current peak of the gate current. The paper describes principles of the current-source driver as well as various aspects of practical implementation. Then, the switching performance of the driven SiC transistors is illustrated by double-pulse test results of the normally-ON and normally-OFF JFETs. Other issues such as problem of the drain-gate capacitance and power consumption are also discussed on the base of experimental results. All presented results show that the currentsource concept is an interesting option to fast and efficient driving of SiC transistors.
Kinetics of tartrazine photodegradation by UV/H2O2 in aqueous solution
Authors: Oancea Petruta , Meltzer Viorica 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn the present work, kinetics of tartrazine decay by UV irradiation and H2O2 photolysis, and the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) under specific experimental conditions was explored. Irradiation experiments were carried out using a photoreactor of original design with a low-pressure Hg vapour lamp. The photodegradation rate of tartrazine was optimised with respect to the H2O2 concentration and temperature for the constant dye concentration of 1.035 × 10−5 M. Tartrazine degradation and the removal of TOC followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The much higher k obs value for tartrazine degradation (7.91 × 10−4 s−1) as compared with the TOC removal (2.3 × 10−4 s−1) confirmed the presence of reaction intermediates in the solution.
Postmilitary Adjustment to Civilian Life: Potential Risks and Protective Factors
Authors: MacLean Mary Beth , Van Til Linda , Thompson James M. , Sweet Jill , Poirier Alain , Sudom Kerry , Pedlar David J. 
Published: June 2013

Background
Adjustment to civilian life in Canadian veterans after release from military service has not been well studied.

Objectives
The objectives of this study were: (1) to explore dimensions of postmilitary adjustment to civilian life and (2) to identify demographic and military service characteristics associated with difficult adjustment.

Design
Data were analyzed from a national sample of 3,154 veterans released from the regular Canadian Forces during 1998 to 2007 in a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2010 called the Survey on Transition to Civilian Life.

Methods
The prevalence of difficult adjustment to civilian life for selected characteristics was analyzed descriptively, and confidence intervals were calculated at the 95% level. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify characteristics available at the time of release that were associated with difficult adjustment.

Results
The prevalence of difficult adjustment to civilian life was 25%. Statistically significant differences were found across indicators of health, disability, and determinants of health. In multivariable regression, lower rank and medical, involuntary, mid-career, and Army release were associated with difficult adjustment, whereas sex, marital status, and number of deployments were not.

Limitations
Findings cannot be generalized to all veterans because many characteristics were self-reported, important characteristics may have been omitted, and causality and association among health, disability, and determinants of health characteristics could not be determined.

Conclusions
Postmilitary adjustment to civilian life appears to be multidimensional, suggesting the need for multidisciplinary collaboration between physical therapists and other service providers to mitigate difficult transition. Potential risk and protective factors were identified that can inform interventions, outreach strategies, and screening activities, as well as further research.
Comparing Two Motor Assessment Tools to Evaluate Neurobehavioral Intervention Effects in Infants With Very Low Birth Weight at 1 Year
Authors: Van Hus Janeline W.P. , Jeukens-Visser Martine , Koldewijn Karen , Van Sonderen Loekie , Kok Joke H. , Nollet Frans , Van Wassenaer-Leemhuis Aleid G. 
Published: June 2013

Background
Infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) are at increased risk for motor deficits, which may be reduced by early intervention programs. For detection of motor deficits and to monitor intervention, different assessment tools are available. It is important to choose tools that are sensitive to evaluate the efficacy of intervention on motor outcome.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and the Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development–Dutch Second Edition (BSID-II-NL) in their ability to evaluate effects of an early intervention, provided by pediatric physical therapists, on motor development in infants with VLBW at 12 months corrected age (CA).

Design
This was a secondary study in which data collected from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) were used.

Methods
At 12 months CA, 116 of 176 infants with VLBW participating in an RCT on the effect of the Infant Behavioral Assessment and Intervention Program were assessed with both the AIMS and the PDI. Intervention effects on the AIMS and PDI were compared.

Results
Corrected for baseline differences, significant intervention effects were found for AIMS and PDI scores. The highest effect size was for the AIMS subscale sit. A significant reduction of abnormal motor development in the intervention group was found only with the AIMS.

Limitations
No Dutch norms are available for the AIMS.

Conclusions
The responsiveness of the AIMS to detect intervention effects was better than that of the PDI. Therefore, caution is recommended in monitoring infants with VLBW only with the PDI, and the use of both the AIMS and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development is advised when evaluating intervention effects on motor development at 12 months CA.