bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Talents, Tears, Stories of Our Identities, and Community Building: Toward Community-Based Ecosystems of Latiné Health Driven by Promotores
Authors: LeBrón Alana M.W. , Montiel Gloria Itzel , Arpero Saraí , Jimenez Josefina , Torres Gina , Ortiz Hilda , Mejía Nancy , Bracho America 
Published: July 2024

This essay describes a process for integrating US Latiné communities as drivers of a grassroots vision for healthy Latiné communities and health equity planning that addresses racial injustices. Transforming structural conditions to promote Latiné community health happens alongside creating conditions for community-level self-determination to foster community-based ecosystems of health. Integrating a life course perspective, we describe a vision for community-based ecosystems of Latiné health that is rooted in forging connections and cultivating community; building community power to address structural drivers of health; leveraging the expertise and assets of promotores to reach, engage, and mobilize communities; scaling solutions through policy, system, and environment changes; and grounding research processes in community-driven priorities. Such processes must affirm the expertise of promotores and Latiné communities and recognize the interconnectedness of communities and systems (e.g., food, housing, living wages) to nurture health at local levels. Research can advance the science and evidence-based models that support community-based ecosystems of Latiné health. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S6):S525–S533. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307763 ) [Formula: see text]
Evaluation of Fluid Distribution and Perforation Erosion in Multistage Fracture Treatment
Authors: Sakaida Shohei , Hamanaka Yasuyuki , Zhu Ding , Hill A. D. , Kerr Erich , Estrada Erick , Scofield Reid , Johnson Andrew 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Fracture monitoring and diagnosis by fiber-optic sensing technology provides invaluable information about stimulation efficiency. This technology becomes more critical for multistage fracturing over long horizontal wells. The combined analysis of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) measurements has been used to map the fluid distribution during hydraulic fracturing, and fracture volume at the cluster level and at the stage level can be estimated from the analysis. In this paper, based on the interpretation of models for DTS and DAS, we extend the application to fluid containment and stage isolation evaluation.
In plug and perforation hydraulic fracturing, when a stage is finished pumping, the stage is isolated by a plug, and the next stage is perforated and then fractured. If the plug is not functioning correctly, fracture fluid enters the previous stage, causing an uneven fluid distribution, and possibly more severe perforation erosion. Both DAS and DTS monitoring can record this phenomenon when it happens. Interpretation models are built to quantify the fluid distribution with the effect of plug leakage included. From DTS measurements, cooling below the stage being completed is counted as the fluid from the current stage. Given this information, the reservoir thermal model can estimate the volume of leakage. From the DAS measurement, we interpret the volume distribution based on frequency band energy to compare with the DTS interpretation. Perforation erosion measurements from a downhole camera are used to confirm the estimation. With this approach, we assess the fluid distribution, plug performance, and the importance of stage isolation on perforation erosion during a multistage fracture treatment. The information can then be used to analyze and optimize completion and fracture treatment design.
Field examples are presented in the paper to support the discussion, findings, and conclusions. Based on the results of the fluid distribution estimated, we observed that higher injection rate and larger fluid volumes may create more uniformly distributed fluid between clusters in a stage. When considering communication between stages, the DTS and downhole camera show that there is a correlation between fluid distribution and perforation eroded area. An inconsistency of eroded area and fluid received is observed at toe-side clusters from DTS, DAS, and downhole images. This could be caused by a short erosion time at the toe-side clusters. In the completion design, only a few parameters show a strong impact on fluid distribution and perforation erosion.
Stretchable multimodal photonic sensor for wearable healthcare monitoring
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Tuo Jialin , Li Zhuozhou , Guo Xiaoyan , Chen Yanyan , Cai Rong , Zhong Jing , Xu Lijun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Stretchable sensors that can conformally interface with the skins for wearable and real-time monitoring of skin deformations, temperature, and sweat biomarkers are of profound significance for early prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. Integration of multiple modalities in a single stretchable sensor to simultaneously detect these stimuli would be beneficial for more sophisticated understanding of human physiology, but yet, has not been achieved. Here, we report a stretchable multimodal photonic sensor capable of simultaneously detecting and discriminating strain deformations, temperature, and sweat pH in a single sensor architecture. The multimodal sensing abilities are enabled by realization of multiple sensing mechanisms in a hydrogel-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) optical fiber (HPOF), featured with high flexibility, stretchability, and biocompatibility. The integrated mechanisms are designed to operate at distinct wavelengths to facilitate stimuli decoupling, and adopt a ratiometric detection strategy for improved robustness and accuracy. To achieve simplicity on sensor interrogation, spectrally-resolved multiband emissions are generated upon the excitation of a single-wavelength laser based on upconversion luminescence (UCL) and radiative energy transfer (RET) processes. We show that the sensor allows for simultaneous and sensitive detection of strain deformations, temperature, and pH levels in the physiological range with fast responsiveness, robust repeatability, and reliability. Furthermore, we demonstrate proof-of-concept applications of the sensor for simultaneously detecting artery pulse or cardiopulmonary activities, along with skin temperature and sweat pH with negligible crosstalk, enabling a new paradigm of wearable multiparameter monitoring in healthcare.
Room-temperature waveguide-integrated photodetector using bolometric effect for mid-infrared spectroscopy applications
Authors: Kim Sanghyeon , Shim Joonsup , Lim Jinha , Kim Inki , Jeong Jaeyong , Kim Bong Ho , Kim Seong Kwang , Geum Dae-Myeong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Waveguide-integrated mid-infrared (MIR) photodetectors are pivotal components for the development of molecular spectroscopy applications, leveraging mature photonic integrated circuit (PIC) technologies. Despite various strategies, critical challenges still remain in achieving broadband photoresponse, cooling-free operation, and large-scale complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible manufacturability. To leap beyond these limitations, the bolometric effect – a thermal detection mechanism – is introduced into the waveguide platform. More importantly, we pursue a free-carrier absorption (FCA) process in germanium (Ge) to create an efficient light-absorbing medium, providing a pragmatic solution for full coverage of the MIR spectrum without incorporating exotic materials into CMOS. Here, we present an uncooled waveguide-integrated photodetector based on a Ge-on-insulator (Ge-OI) PIC architecture, which exploits the bolometric effect combined with FCA. Notably, our device exhibits a broadband responsivity of ~ 12 mA/W across 4030–4360 nm (and potentially beyond), challenging the state of the art, while achieving a noise-equivalent power of 3.4×10− 9 W/Hz0.5 at 4180 nm. We further demonstrate label-free sensing of gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) using our integrated photodetector and sensing waveguide on a single chip. This approach to room-temperature waveguide-integrated MIR photodetection, harnessing bolometry with FCA in Ge, not only facilitates the realization of fully integrated lab-on-a-chip systems with wavelength flexibility but also provides a blueprint for MIR PICs with CMOS-foundry-compatibility.
Gastroesophageal Disease and Environmental Exposure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kim Daniel Hyun , Podury Sanjiti , Zadeh Aida Fallah , Kwon Sophia , Grunig Gabriele , Liu Mengling , Nolan Anna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Environmental exposure-associated disease is an active area of study, especially in the context of increasing global air pollution and use of inhalants. Our group is dedicated to the study of exposure-related inflammation and downstream health effects. While many studies have focused on the impact of inhalants on respiratory sequelae, there is growing evidence of the involvement of other systems including autoimmune, endocrine, and gastrointestinal. This systematic review aims to provide a recent update that will underscore the associations between inhalation exposures and upper gastrointestinal disease in the contexts of our evolving environmental exposures. Keywords focused on inhalational exposures and gastrointestinal disease. Primary search identified n = 764 studies, of which n = 64 met eligibility criteria. In particular, there was support for existing evidence that PM increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal diseases. Smoking was also confirmed to be major risk factor. Interestingly, studies in this review have also identified waterpipe use as a significant risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux and gastric cancer. Our systematic review identified inhalational exposures as risk factors for aerodigestive disease, further supporting the association between environmental exposure and digestive disease. However, due to limitations on our review’s scope, further studies must be done to better understand this interaction.
Implementation and evaluation of acupuncture training program using a rapid prototyping instructional systems design model: A mixed-methods study for effectiveness evaluation
Authors: Cho Eunbyul , Nam Yeonkyeong , Hong Jiseong , Han Yejin , Kim Jae-Hyo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Acupuncture has expanded worldwide, but there are no studies on effective acupuncture training. We implemented and evaluated a new acupuncture training program using a rapid prototyping instructional system design model.
Methods
A training program was implemented in a college of Korean Medicine in 2022/2023. We used a mixed-methods design to examine student satisfaction, challenges, and solutions to the program through an evaluation survey and in-depth interviews. Communication skills were measured using a pre- and post-course self-efficacy questionnaire, paired t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Qualitative data were coded and categorized using thematic analysis.
Results
Thirty-five students completed the communication questionnaire. The mean total score increased significantly after the course. The 45 responses to the reaction evaluation indicated overall satisfaction as 97.8%, augmented by their reasons. Interviews indicated that competency in locating acupuncture points and performing acupuncture was achieved through repeated hands-on practice. Future improvements include providing more practice time for students and gradually increasing the amount of learning.
Conclusion
The acupuncture training program improved clean needle technique, point location finding, and communication skills required for clinical practice. Further research is needed to expand the program to other regions and professions using acupuncture to objectively evaluate the program’s external validity.
Association between systemic sclerosis and atopic comorbidities: A case-control study of the All of Us database
Authors: Hren M. Grace , Piontkowski Austin , Khattri Saakshi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, multisystem autoimmune connective tissue disease, with skewing of the T helper 1 (Th1) immune response associated with progression. In contrast, atopic disorders are common chronic diseases with the Th2 axis implicated in pathogenesis. Previous research suggests that Th2 cytokines, namely IL-4 and IL-13, may play a role in the inflammatory and fibrotic phases of SSc. A previous epidemiological study also showed an association between SSc and atopic dermatitis. Herein, we utilized the All of Us database to illuminate potential associations between SSc and atopy/allergic disease. We executed a nested case-control analysis, identifying 1,730 patients with SSc and matching each SSc patient to 4 age-, race-, ethnicity-, and sex- controls. χ2 test revealed that patients with SSc had significantly higher (p<0.001) rates of atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis compared to matched controls. Logistic regression revealed that compared to controls, SSc patients were significantly more likely (p<0.001) to be diagnosed with each aforementioned atopic disease, respectively. Revealing an association between SSc and atopic diseases, our study aligns with previous epidemiological research examining the overlap of these two entities, suggesting the role of the Th2 axis in SSc pathogenesis. Studies such as these are crucial, as they may enable potential repurposing of several highly efficacious biologics therapies available for treatment of Th2 axis predominant diseases, namely dupilumab, an IL-4Ra inhibitor approved for use in atopic dermatitis and asthma. Further investigation into the role of the Th2 axis and the potential of Th2-specific biologics in treating SSc may be warranted.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Assessments, Potential Antioxidant and Molecular Docking Studies of Polyfunctional Substituted Azoles, Azines, and their Analogs linked Sulfamethoxazole moiety
Authors: Mousa I. A. , Elmaghraby A. M. , Gaffer Hatem E. , Yahya M. E. , Hassane Abdallah. M. A , Hussein Abdel Haleem. M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A new series of substituted azoles, azines, and their analogs linked sulfamethoxazole moiety was designed and synthesized. The antioxidant activity study of our synthesized compounds and molecular docking enhancement were achieved. Moreover, the antimicrobial assay indicated that compound 1 is the most active compound against all the strains compared to the reference drugs. So, reactions of β-oxobutanamide derivative 1 with different reagents afforded compounds 2a,b, 5, 7, 8, 12 and 14. Coupling of 1 with diazonium salt yield aryl hydrazones 10a,b which reacts with ethyl chloroformate to yield the triazinediones 11a,b. Reactions of enaminone 12 with some electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents to yield compounds 16, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 respectively. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral and elemental analyses.
Effect of pH on the surface charges of permanently charged soils and clay minerals
Authors: Cao Hua , Liu Xinmin , Feng Bo , Sun Jiaqi , Ma Deyuan , Chen Xijing , Li Hang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Traditionally, the surface charge number (SCN) of permanently charged soils/clay minerals is believed to be unaffected by environmental pH. However, recent studies have revealed the occurrence of polarization-induced covalent bonding between H+ and the surface O atoms of permanently charged clay minerals. This discovery challenges the traditional notions of “permanently charged soils” and “permanently charged clay minerals”. The purpose of this study is to confirm that there is no true “permanently charged clay” or “permanently charged soil”. In this study, the SCNs of two permanently charged clay minerals, two variably charged clay minerals, five permanently charged soils, and four variably charged soils were measured at different pH values using the universal determination method of surface charge number. The results showed that: (1) The SCNs of both the permanently and variably charged soil/clay minerals decreased significantly with decreasing pH; (2) the SCN of montmorillonite decreased less with decreasing pH than the SCNs of the variably charged minerals, whereas the SCN of illite decreased to nearly the same extent, indicating strong polarization-induced covalent bonding between H+ and the surface O atoms of illite; (3) the SCNs of the permanently charged soils decreased to a similar extent as those of the variably charged soils with decreasing pH. This study demonstrated that there is no true “permanently charged clay mineral” or “permanently charged soil” because of the polarization-induced covalent interactions between H+ and the surface O atoms of clay minerals.
Peer Learning and Academic Burnout Mitigation in Medical Students: A Mediation Analysis
Authors: Gómez Isabel C. , Jiménez Natalia M. , Moreira Ana , Rojas Legier V. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Academic Burnout (ABO) is prevalent among medical students and is characterized by mental and physical exhaustion, cynicism, and a sense of inadequacy. Informal Peer-Assisted Learning (IPAL) is recognized as an effective strategy to enhance student wellness and mitigate ABO by fostering collaborative learning and support without direct faculty oversight. This study evaluates the effectiveness of IPAL in reducing ABO, focusing on the mediation of the observed variables and its impact on student well-being.
Methods
This study extends previous research using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to include mediation analysis of the observed variables within the latent constructs of Cynicism (CY) and Inadequacy (IN) that are thought to influence the relationship between IPAL and ABO. Data were sourced from a validated Student Burnout Inventory (SBI-8) across a sample of medical students with varied IPAL engagement levels. Our approach used General Linear Model (GLM) mediation models to explore both direct and indirect effects of IPAL on ABO.
Results
The indirect effect of IPAL on ABO is mediated through specific observed variables, including CY2 “loss of interest in academic work” (β = -0.078, CI, -0.158/-0.009, p=0.026), IN1 “feeling of inadequacy” (β = -0.053, CI, -0.105/-0.005, p=0.034), and IN2 “reduced academic expectations” (β = -0.036, CI, -0.008/-0.007, p=0.025)5. The total effect of IPAL on ABO was significant (β = -0.1450CI, -0.292/0.014, p=0.034), the total indirect effect was significant (β = -0.167, CI, -0.303/-0.030, p=0.006).
Conclusions
IPAL effectively addresses critical aspects of burnout, specifically through reducing feelings of cynicism and inadequacy among medical students. These results provide a valuable framework in designing targeted interventions to reduce ABO.
Enhancing Oxygen Distribution in proton exchange membrane fuel cells Based on Modified Gas Diffusion Layer Designs: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ngo Cam Tu , Kim Hyun Chul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study analyzes new artificial changes in innovative gas diffusion layers (GDLs) to maximize the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Specifically, a new perforated grooved uniform gas diffusion layer (PG-GDL) is used to improve the water drainage and oxygen transport using three-dimensional modeling and simulations of a single-channel PEMFC. Comparative analyses are performed between the different perforated GDLs and the conventional GDLs using groove depth inside a PG-GDL. Findings show that the uniform grooved shape in the PG-GDL produces a more uniform oxygen flow and distribution with an overall improvement in the PEMFC performance. Our study shows that the appropriate GDL design should be obtained to optimize the PEMFC performance.
Identifcation and Validation of EMT-immune-related Prognostic Biomarkers CMTM3 and LTBP2 in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kang Ning , Qi Licui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background. Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a common gastrointestinal
tumor with high morbidity and mortality. The interaction between
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune microenvironment
has important clinical significance. We aim to identify
EMT-immune-related biomarkers in GC. Methods. We used GEO2R to
calculate the differential expression genes (DEGs) between GC and
normal mucosa. Immport, InnateDB and EMTome databases were used to
define EMT-immune-related DEGs. We conducted batch prognostic
analysis by GEPIA 2.0 and Kaplan-Meier plotter databases. The
expression patterns were verified by multiple datasets and lab
experiments. TCGA data, GEPIA, TIMER 2.0 and Tumor-immune system
interaction database (TISIDB) databases were utilized to analyze
the correlation of the hub genes with EMT markers and immune
infiltration. Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia(CCLE) database was used
for co-expression and GO, KEGG, GSEA were used for enrichment
analysis. Finally, the therapeutic sensitivity was analyzed. CMTM3,
LTBP2 were up-regulated in GC and correlated with poor survival in
different databases. Results. CMTM3 and LTBP2 were positively
correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints by
the TIMER algorithm. By using the CIBERSORT algorithm, CMTM3 was
positively correlated with the infiltration of macrophages (M2) and
negatively correlated with dendritic cells activated, plasma cells.
LTBP2 was negatively correlated with macrophages (M1), T cells
CD4 + memory activated. Moreover, CMTM3 and LTBP2 were correlated
with the EMT process. CMTM3 and LTBP2 could participate in the
PI3K − Akt signaling pathway, TGF-β pathway and so forth. The
expression of CMTM3 and LTBP2 may be judgments of the therapeutic
sensitivity. Conclusion. Our work suggested the roles of CMTM3 and
LTBP2 on prognosis, drug resistance, immune microenvironment and
EMT process. They may be promising prognostic biomarkers and
potential therapeutic targets in gastric carcinoma which deserves
further study.
Proteomics based evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of a polyherbal formulation in Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in rats
Authors: Chougule Shridhar , Shirolkar Amey , Gacche Rajesh , Gaidhani Sudesh , Pawar Sharad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Proteomics have proven advantage in drug and disease physiology characterization. Here the polyherbal formulation was administered daily via oral gavage in two groups of Six Sprague Dawley diabetic rats at the doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight for 21 days to understand its antidiabetic potential with proteomics approach. Blood sugar levels were monitored weekly during experimentation. The concurrent control group receiving 10 mL/kg water was also maintained. Rats were examined regularly for signs of toxicity and mortality and underwent detailed clinical examinations prior to initiation and weekly thereafter. Body weight and food consumption were recorded weekly. The anti-hyperglycaemic effect of the formulation was estimated from blood glucose levels weekly. There was no observed mortality or adverse clinical signs among the rats exposed to the standard drug and formulation. Streptozotocin caused a significant weight loss in rats, while treatment with formulation at 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. concentrations and Glibenclamide as a standard drug; restrained the decrease in body weight. The streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats exhibited a sharp elevation in blood glucose levels. The blood glucose levels were significantly lowered in a dose dependent manner post formulation treatment, in comparison to the control group. Treatment with formulation, standard, and streptozotocin did not induce any remarkable gross pathological alterations in any of the organs/tissues of rats. In proteomics analysis, in formulation treatment groups ECM and Circadian entrainment pathways were activated which are in line with the objective of normalization of altered metabolism in diabetes.