bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Split equality problem and multiple-sets split equality problem for quasi-nonexpansive multi-valued mappings
Authors: Wu Yujing , Chen Rudong , Shi Luo Yi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The multiple-sets split equality problem (MSSEP) requires finding a point

x
∈

⋂

i
=
1

N

C
i

,

y
∈

⋂

j
=
1

M

Q
j

, such that

A
x
=
B
y

, where N and M are positive integers,

{

C
1

,

C
2

,
…
,

C
N

}

and

{

Q
1

,

Q
2

,
…
,

Q
M

}

are closed convex subsets of Hilbert spaces

H
1

,

H
2

, respectively, and

A
:

H
1

→

H
3

,

B
:

H
2

→

H
3

are two bounded linear operators. When

N
=
M
=
1

, the MSSEP is called the split equality problem (SEP). If let

B
=
I

, then the MSSEP and SEP reduce to the well-known multiple-sets split feasibility problem (MSSFP) and split feasibility problem (SFP), respectively. Recently, some authors proposed many algorithms to solve the SEP and MSSEP. However, to implement these algorithms, one has to find the projection on the closed convex sets, which is not possible except in simple cases. One of the purposes of this paper is to study the SEP and MSSEP for a family of quasi-nonexpansive multi-valued mappings in the framework of infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, and propose an algorithm to solve the SEP and MSSEP without the need to compute the projection on the closed convex sets.
Approaches for establishing the function of regulatory genetic variants involved in disease
Authors: Knight Julian Charles 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe diversity of regulatory genetic variants and their mechanisms of action reflect the complexity and context-specificity of gene regulation. Regulatory variants are important in human disease and defining such variants and establishing mechanism is crucial to the interpretation of disease-association studies. This review describes approaches for identifying and functionally characterizing regulatory variants, illustrated using examples from common diseases. Insights from recent advances in resolving the functional epigenomic regulatory landscape in which variants act are highlighted, showing how this has enabled functional annotation of variants and the generation of hypotheses about mechanism of action. The utility of quantitative trait mapping at the transcript, protein and metabolite level to define association of specific genes with particular variants and further inform disease associations are reviewed. Establishing mechanism of action is an essential step in resolving functional regulatory variants, and this review describes how this is being facilitated by new methods for analyzing allele-specific expression, mapping chromatin interactions and advances in genome editing. Finally, integrative approaches are discussed together with examples highlighting how defining the mechanism of action of regulatory variants and identifying specific modulated genes can maximize the translational utility of genome-wide association studies to understand the pathogenesis of diseases and discover new drug targets or opportunities to repurpose existing drugs to treat them.
Evaluating the relationship between amyloid-β and α-synuclein phosphorylated at Ser129 in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Swirski Marta , Miners J Scott , de Silva Rohan , Lashley Tammaryn , Ling Helen , Holton Janice , Revesz Tamas , Love Seth 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Lewy body and Alzheimer-type pathologies often co-exist. Several studies suggest a synergistic relationship between amyloid-β (Aβ) and α-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation. We have explored the relationship between Aβ accumulation and the phosphorylation of α-syn at serine-129 (pSer129 α-syn), in post-mortem human brain tissue and in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells transfected to overexpress human α-syn.

Methods
We measured levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, α-syn and pSer129 α-syn by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in soluble and insoluble fractions of midfrontal, cingulate and parahippocampal cortex and thalamus, from cases of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with (PDD; n = 12) and without dementia (PDND; n = 23), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB; n = 10) and age-matched controls (n = 17). We also examined the relationship of these measurements to cognitive decline, as measured by time-to-dementia and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score in the PD patients, and to Braak tangle stage.

Results
In most brain regions, the concentration of insoluble pSer129 α-syn correlated positively, and soluble pSer129 α-syn negatively, with the levels of soluble and insoluble Aβ. Insoluble pSer129 α-syn also correlated positively with Braak stage. In most regions, the levels of insoluble and soluble Aβ and the proportion of insoluble α-syn that was phosphorylated at Ser129 were significantly higher in the PD and DLB groups than the controls, and higher in the PDD and DLB groups than the PDND brains. In PD, the MMSE score correlated negatively with the level of insoluble pSer129 α-syn. Exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to aggregated Aβ42 significantly increased the proportion of α-syn that was phosphorylated at Ser129 (aggregated Aβ40 exposure had a smaller, non-significant effect).

Conclusions
Together, these data show that the concentration of pSer129 α-syn in brain tissue homogenates is directly related to the level of Aβ and Braak tangle stage, and predicts cognitive status in Lewy body diseases.
Polymer-mediated Dual Mineralization of a Plant Virus: A Platinum Nanowire Encapsulated by Iron Oxide
Authors: Shah Shama S , Shah Sachin N , Heddle Jonathan G 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We report a facile wet chemical method for the “wire-in-tube” dual mineralization of tomato mosaic virus. The biomineralization process is effectively mediated by poly(vinylpyrrolidone), the first time this has been shown for a tobamovirus. The interior 4 nm cavity of the virus is mineralized with Pt to form a ca. 3.5 nm diameter nanowire, and the outer capsid of the protein is mineralized with iron oxide to form a ca. 50 nm diameter encasing tube. The resulting dual-mineralized nanocomposite was characterized by a range of analysis techniques.
Thyroglobulin measurement by highly sensitive assays: focus on laboratory challenges
Authors: Giovanella Luca , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Verburg Frederik A. , Grebe Stephan K. , Plebani Mario , Clark Penelope M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDifferentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common endocrine cancer and its incidence has increased in recent decades. The initial treatment consists of total thyroidectomy followed by ablation of thyroid remnants by radioiodine in most cases. As thyroid cells are the only source of thyroglobulin (Tg), circulating Tg serves as a biochemical marker of persistent or recurrent disease in the follow-up of DTC. Due to the suboptimal clinical detection rate of older Tg assays endogenous or exogenous thyrotropin (TSH) stimulations are recommended for unmasking occult disease. However, the development of new Tg assays with improved analytical sensitivity and precision at low concentrations now allows detection of very low Tg concentrations, reflecting minimal amounts of thyroid tissue, even without the need for TSH stimulation. Even if the use of these assays still has not found its way in current clinical guidelines, such assays are now increasingly used in clinical practice. As serum Tg measurement is a technically challenging assay and criteria to define a ‘highly sensitive’ assay may be different, a good knowledge of the technical difficulties and interpretation criteria is of paramount importance for both clinical thyroidologists, laboratory physicians and scientists involved in the care of DTC patients.
Influence of Citric Acid Pretreatment on Drying of Peach Slices
Authors: Doymaz İbrahim , Bilici Betül 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The effect of citric acid pretreatment on the drying characteristics of peach slices was investigated in a cabinet dryer. The experiments were conducted on peach slices with a thickness of 5 mm at temperatures of 45, 55, 65 and 75°C with an air velocity of 2.0 m/s. The drying time of peach slices pretreated with citric acid solution was shorter than the control ones. The drying data were fitted to five thin-layer drying models. The results show that the Midilli et al. model was the most appropriate model for drying of peach slices. The values of effective moisture diffusivity were found to range between 1.94 × 10−10 and 8.49 × 10−10 m2/s over the temperature range studied. The values of activation energy were calculated as 36.82 and 37.12 kJ/mol for control and pretreated samples, respectively. Superior rehydration was noticed for citric acid pretreated slices dried at 65°C.
Shedding of glycan‐modifying enzymes by signal peptide peptidase‐like 3 (SPPL3) regulates cellular N‐glycosylation
Authors: Voss Matthias , Künzel Ulrike , Higel Fabian , Kuhn Peer‐Hendrik , Colombo Alessio , Fukumori Akio , Haug‐Kröper Martina , Klier Bärbel , Grammer Gudula , Seidl Andreas , Schröder Bernd , Obst Reinhard , Steiner Harald , Lichtenthaler Stefan F , Haass Christian , Fluhrer Regina 
Published: October 2014

AbstractProtein N‐glycosylation is involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes such as autoimmunity, tumour progression and metastasis. Signal peptide peptidase‐like 3 (SPPL3) is an intramembrane‐cleaving aspartyl protease of the GxGD type. Its physiological function, however, has remained enigmatic, since presently no physiological substrates have been identified. We demonstrate that SPPL3 alters the pattern of cellular N‐glycosylation by triggering the proteolytic release of active site‐containing ectodomains of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases such as N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase V, β‐1,3 N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 and β‐1,4 galactosyltransferase 1. Cleavage of these enzymes leads to a reduction in their cellular activity. In line with that, reduced expression of SPPL3 results in a hyperglycosylation phenotype, whereas elevated SPPL3 expression causes hypoglycosylation. Thus, SPPL3 plays a central role in an evolutionary highly conserved post‐translational process in eukaryotes.
Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Melanization in the Plant Pathogenic FungusZymoseptoria tritici
Authors: Lendenmann Mark H , Croll Daniel , Stewart Ethan L , McDonald Bruce A 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMelanin plays an important role in virulence and antimicrobial resistance in several fungal pathogens. The wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici is important worldwide, but little is known about the genetic architecture of pathogenicity, including the production of melanin. Because melanin production can exhibit complex inheritance, we used quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in two crosses to identify the underlying genes. Restriction site−associated DNA sequencing was used to genotype 263 (cross 1) and 261 (cross 2) progeny at ~8500 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and construct two dense linkage maps. We measured gray values, representing degrees of melanization, for single-spore colonies growing on Petri dishes by using a novel image-processing approach that enabled high-throughput phenotyping. Because melanin production can be affected by stress, each offspring was grown in two stressful environments and one control environment. We detected six significant QTL in cross 1 and nine in cross 2, with three QTL shared between the crosses. Different QTL were identified in different environments and at different colony ages. By obtaining complete genome sequences for the four parents and analyzing sequence variation in the QTL confidence intervals, we identified 16 candidate genes likely to affect melanization. One of these candidates was PKS1, a polyketide synthase gene known to play a role in the synthesis of dihydroxynaphthalene melanin. Three candidate quantitative trait nucleotides were identified in PKS1. Many of the other candidate genes were not previously associated with melanization.
Frailty Is an Independent Predictor of Survival in Older Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ommundsen Nina , Wyller Torgeir B. , Nesbakken Arild , Jordhøy Marit S. , Bakka Arne , Skovlund Eva , Rostoft Siri 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is prevalent in the older population. Geriatric assessment (GA) has previously been found to predict treatment tolerance and postoperative complications in older cancer patients. The aim of this study was to explore whether GA also predicts 1-year and 5-year survival after CRC surgery in older patients and to compare the predictive power of GA with that of established prognostic factors such as TNM classification of malignant tumors (TNM) stage and age.

Materials and Methods.
A cohort of 178 CRC patients aged 70 and older were followed prospectively. All patients went through elective surgery, and GA was performed presurgery. The GA resulted in patients being divided into two groups: frail or nonfrail. All patients were followed for 5 years or until death. Data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plots and the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results.
Seventy-six patients (43%) were frail, and one hundred and two (57%) were nonfrail. Twenty-three patients (13%) died during the first year after surgery. One-year survival was 80% in the frail group and 92% in the nonfrail group. Five-year survival was significantly lower in frail (24%) than nonfrail patients (66%), and this difference was apparent both within the stratums of TNM stages 0–II and TNM stage III. In multivariable analysis adjusting for TNM stage, age, and sex, frailty was an independent prognostic factor for survival.

Conclusion.
A GA-based frailty assessment predicts 1-year and 5-year survival in older patients after surgery for CRC. In localized and regional disease, the impact of frailty upon 5-year survival is comparable with that of TNM stage.
A Phase II Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Efavirenz in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Houédé Nadine , Pulido Marina , Mourey Loic , Joly Florence , Ferrero Jean-Marc , Bellera Carine , Priou Frank , Lalet Caroline , Laroche-Clary Audrey , Raffin Mireille Canal , Ichas François , Puech Alain , Piazza Pierre Vincenzo 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background.
Preclinical studies demonstrated that non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors used for the treatment of HIV could antagonize tumor development. This led us to assess the efficacy of efavirenz in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in a multicenter phase II study.

Methods.
We used a Simon two-stage design and a 3-month prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nonprogression rate of 40% as a primary objective. Patients received 600 mg efavirenz daily with the possibility of a dose increase in case of PSA progression. Exploratory analyses included pharmacokinetics of efavirenz plasma concentrations and correlations with clinical outcomes.

Results.
Among 53 assessable patients, we observed 15 instances of PSA nonprogression at 3 months, corresponding to a nonprogression rate of 28.3% (95% confidence interval: 16.8%–42.3%). The exploratory analysis revealed that for the 7 patients in whom optimal plasma concentration of efavirenz was achieved, PSA progression was observed in only 28.6% compared with 81.8% of patients with suboptimal plasma concentrations of efavirenz.

Conclusion.
Although 600 mg efavirenz did not statistically improve the PSA nonprogression rate, our exploratory analysis suggests that higher plasma concentrations of this drug (i.e., use of increased dosages) may be of potential benefit for the treatment of mCRPC.
Recurrent episodes of severe bleeding caused by congenital factor XIII deficiency in a dog
Authors: Kong Lyndsay R. , Snead Elisabeth C. R. , Burgess Hilary , Dhumeaux Marc P. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Case Description—A 5-year-old castrated male Toy Poodle cross was evaluated because of lethargy, inappetence, and suspected abdominal hemorrhage. The dog had been evaluated on 4 other occasions for episodes of excessive bleeding associated with trauma or surgical procedures.
Clinical Findings—At previous evaluations, results of repeated measurements of prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and buccal mucosal bleeding time were unremarkable; activated clotting time, plasma von Willebrand factor concentration, results of platelet function testing, and plasma factor VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII concentrations were considered normal. At this evaluation, clinicopathologic analyses revealed mild regenerative anemia that progressed over a 4-day period to moderate regenerative anemia and acute inflammation with panhypoproteinemia. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a large mass (suspected to be a hematoma) near the urinary bladder. Rotational thromboelastometry revealed that clotting times were within reference limits, with abnormal clot formation times and clot firmness. The result of a factor XIII (FXIII) clot solubility assay confirmed FXIII deficiency.
Treatment and Outcome—The dog's bleeding diathesis resolved with inpatient care and IV fluid therapy, although plasma transfusions had been required at previous evaluations. Seven months after discharge from the hospital, the dog continued to do well clinically, although it had several additional episodes of excessive bleeding.
Clinical Relevance—To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of congenital FXIII deficiency in a dog. In addition to more common inherited coagulopathies, FXIII deficiency should be a differential diagnosis for dogs with episodes of excessive bleeding and apparently normal results of standard coagulation tests.
Literature and Practice: A Critical Review of MOOCs
Authors: Chiappe-Laverde Andrés , Hine Nicolás , Martínez-Silva José Andrés 
Published: October 2014

This article focuses on a review of both literature and practical experiences concerning MOOCs. The literature analyzed was published in peer-reviewed journals between 2007 and 2013. 268 items were selected for this study, of which 100 were analyzed in detail. The issues raised by this analysis were used as the criteria for the analysis of 10 current empirical MOOC experiences. The literature study highlighted the rapid growth in interest in understanding MOOCs and seeking to understand the pedagogic frameworks most relevant to their adoption and the importance of the concept of openness embodied within them. More recently a new emphasis has been emerging where institutional factors, particularly those concerned with financial viability, certification and retention have been highlighted. The analysis of current practice showed that many of the concerns in the academic literature were absent from not only the practices embodied in current MOOC-based learning experiences but seem to have been ignored in the conceptual phase of implementing a MOOC-based teaching model. In practice therefore, most of the current MOOC offer is only a pale reflection of the conceptualization that gave them rise and has been shown to be significant in the literature. In particular the true essence encapsulated in the concept described as Openness has been largely lost in practice.Este artículo se enfoca en una revisión tanto de literatura como de experiencias prácticas acerca de los MOOC. Los textos analizados fueron publicados en revistas entre los años 2007 y 2013. Se seleccionaron 268 artículos para este estudio, de los cuales 100 se analizaron en detalle. Los asuntos encontrados en la revisión se utilizaron posteriormente como criterios de análisis de 10 experiencias empíricas sobre MOOC. La literatura estudiada resalta el rápido crecimiento en el interés por comprender los MOOC, sus fundamentos pedagógicos así como la importancia del concepto de lo abierto que se encuentra en ellos. Un nuevo énfasis ha surgido recientemente en la literatura donde los factores institucionales, particularmente aquellos concernientes con la viabilidad financiera, la certificación y la deserción se encuentran resaltados. El análisis de la prácticas actuales muestra que muchos de los temas relevantes expresados en la literatura académica están ausentes no solo de las prácticas relacionadas con las experiencias de aprendizaje basadas en los MOOC sino que se han ignorado como sustento de la implementación de un modelo de enseñanza basada en ellos. Del análisis realizado se concluye que buena parte de la actual oferta de MOOC es tan solo un pálido reflejo de la conceptualización que les dio origen y que se muestra significativa en la literatura. En síntesis, la verdadera esencia del concepto de lo abierto se ha perdido en la práctica.
Analysis and Implications of the Impact of MOOC Movement in the Scientific Community: JCR and Scopus (2010-13)
Authors: López-Meneses Eloy , Vázquez-Cano Esteban , Román-Graván Pedro 
Published: October 2014

The emergence of massive open online course (MOOCs) has been a turning point for the academic world and, especially, in the design and provision of training courses in Higher Education. Now that the first moments of the information explosion have passed, a rigorous analysis of the effect of the movement in high-impact scientific world is needed in order to assess the state of the art and future lines of research. This study analyzes the impact of the MOOC movement in the form of scientific article during the birth and explosion period (2010-2013) in two of the most relevant databases: Journal Citation Reports (WoS) and Scopus (Scimago). We present, through a descriptive and quantitative methodology, the most significant bibliometric data according to citation index and database impact. Furthermore, with the use of a methodology based on social network analysis (SNA), an analysis of the article’s keyword co-occurrence is presented through graphs to determine the fields of study and research. The results show that both the number of articles published and the citations received in both databases present a medium-low significant impact, and the conceptual network of relationships in the abstracts and keywords does not reflect the current analysis developed in general educational media.
La irrupción de los MOOC (Massive Online Open Courses) ha supuesto un punto de inflexión en el mundo académico y, especialmente, en el diseño y oferta de cursos formativos en la Educación Superior. Una vez superado el primer momento de explosión informativa, se precisan análisis rigurosos sobre la repercusión del movimiento en el mundo científico con más alto impacto para valorar el estado de la cuestión y las líneas de investigación futuras. El presente estudio analiza el impacto del movimiento MOOC en forma de artículo científico durante el período de nacimiento y explosión (2010-2013) en dos de las bases de datos de revistas científicas más relevantes, Journal Citation Reports (WoS) y Scopus (Scimago). A través de una metodología descriptiva y cuantitativa se presentan los datos bibliométricos más significativos por su índice de cita y repercusión. Asimismo, mediante la metodología de Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) se realiza un análisis de co-ocurrencia con representación en grafo de las palabras clave de los artículos para la determinación de los campos de estudio e investigación. Los resultados muestran que tanto el número de artículos publicados en ambas bases de datos como las citas que reciben presentan un índice medio-bajo de impacto y la red temática de interrelaciones en los resúmenes y palabras clave de los artículos publicados no reflejan la crítica actual de los medios divulgativos generales.