bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the temporal self‐regulation theory to examine the influence of environmental cues on maintaining a healthy lifestyle
Authors: Booker Liesel , Mullan Barbara 
Published: December 2012

ObjectivesThe aim of the current study is to explore the predictive utility of the temporal self‐regulation theory (TST) for maintaining a healthy lifestyle (Hall & Fong, 2007, Health Psychology Review, 1, 6). According to TST, the influence of intention, self‐regulation, and behavioural prepotency differs depending on the environmental context in which the behaviour is performed. This study examined the influence of perceptions about the supportiveness of the environmental context on TST‐related factors.DesignTemporal self‐regulation theory was tested using a prospective design with a 1‐week follow‐up.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐two undergraduates were administered three executive functioning tasks and an online questionnaire regarding their intentions to maintain a healthy lifestyle, environmental responsiveness, and previous behaviour. One week later, they completed a follow‐up questionnaire.ResultsParticipants who were supported by the environment were significantly more likely to maintain a healthy lifestyle than those distracted by the environment. Behavioural prepotency was significantly predictive of behaviour performance for ‘supported’ participants. Behavioural prepotency, planning, and response inhibition were significantly predictive of ‘unsupported’ participants' behaviour.ConclusionsThese findings provided preliminary support for the use of TST for the prediction of healthy lifestyle behaviour. Importantly, this study provided support for the contention that the influence of TST‐related factors would vary according to the perceived supportiveness of the environment. These findings suggest that environmental responsiveness may be an important determinant to close the intention–behaviour gap for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject? Young adults fail to adhere to behaviours indicative of healthy lifestyle. Self‐regulation and behavioural prepotency add unique variance to the prediction of health behaviour. The influence of these factors is thought to vary according to environmental context.What does this study add? Individuals who feel supported by the environment are more likely to maintain a healthy lifestyle than those who feel distracted by the environment. Behavioural prepotency is predictive of healthy lifestyle for individuals who feel ‘supported’ by the environment. Behavioural prepotency, planning and response inhibition are predictive of healthy lifestyle for individuals who feel ‘unsupported’ by the environment.
ALOX5 Polymorphism associates with increased leukotriene production and reduced lung function and asthma control in children with poorly controlled asthma
Authors: Mougey E. , Lang J. E. , Allayee H. , Teague W. G. , Dozor A. J. , Wise R. A. , Lima J. J. 
Published: December 2012

SummaryBackgroundIdentification of risk factors for reduced asthma control could improve the understanding and treatment of asthma. A promoter polymorphism in the 5‐lipoxygenase gene affects gene expression and response to asthma therapy, but its impact on disease control remains unclear.ObjectiveWe sought to determine if the ALOX5 promoter SP1 tandem repeat polymorphism was associated with changes in cysteinyl leukotriene production, lung function, airway inflammation and asthma control score.MethodsWe analysed 270 children, 6‐ to 17‐years old, with poorly controlled asthma enrolled in a 6‐month clinical trial (NCT00604851). In secondary analysis, we associated the ALOX5 promoter SP1 tandem repeat polymorphism genotype (rs59439148) with asthma outcomes using both additive and recessive genetic models. We evaluated FEV1 percent predicted, symptom control, exhaled nitric oxide and urinary LTE4 levels.ResultsOf all children, 14.8% (40/270) (and 28% (38/135) of African Americans) carried two non‐5‐repeat variant alleles of rs59439148. Children who were homozygous for variant alleles had significantly higher urinary LTE4 levels (38 vs. 30 nmol/mol creatinine, P = 0.0134), significantly worse FEV1% predicted (84 vs. 91, P = 0.017) and a trend towards worse asthma control. FEV1% predicted values were significantly negatively correlated with urinary LTE4 (r = −0.192, P = 0.009).Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceCarrying two copies of a minor variant ALOX5 promoter SP1 tandem repeat allele contributes to increased cysLT exposure as determined by urinary LTE4 levels, reduced lung function and potentially worse asthma control. ALOX5 promoter SP1 tandem repeat genotype may be a risk factor for worse asthma outcomes.
The effect of implant‐supported removable partial dentures on oral health quality of life
Authors: Gates W. Day , Cooper Lyndon F. , Sanders Anne E. , Reside Glenn J. , De Kok Ingeborg J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPurposeRemovable partial dentures (RPDs) represent standard treatment for partial edentulism despite major shortcomings. To alleviate these shortcomings, endosseous implants provide support and stability as well as contribute to maintenance of alveolar bone. This prospective, within subject, time series study evaluated patient‐based outcomes of RPDs compared to implant‐supported removable partial dentures (ISRPDs). The study hypothesis was that the ISRPD would substantially improve oral health quality of life for patients.Materials and methodsSeventeen patients requesting new mandibular Kennedy I or II RPDs received one 6‐mm dental implant in one or both of the posterior edentulous areas. After healing, conventional RPDs were fabricated and delivered. Twelve weeks later, second‐stage surgery was performed, and ball abutments with Clix attachments were inserted, thereby converting the prostheses to ISRPDs. Oral health quality of life was evaluated using the 49‐item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐49) questionnaire. The OHIP‐49 was administered prior to treatment (baseline), at 6 and 12 weeks following RPD delivery and at 6 and 12 weeks following ISRPD conversion. Radiographic evaluation was performed at 6 and 12 weeks following ISRPD conversion. In statistical analysis, a fixed‐slope random intercept variance components model took account of the multiple observations per person over time.ResultsIn 17 subjects, 29 of 30 implants survived. The failed implant was replaced without complications. Abutment complications were limited to one abutment loosening and one attachment replacement. Minor prosthodontic complications were recorded. The OHIP‐49 score reduced by 11.8 points, on average, at 12 weeks following ISRPD conversion (P = 0.011).ConclusionsPatients reported improved oral health following conversion to an ISRPD from RPD. The ISRPD involving short implants is one treatment option that should be considered when treatment planning Kennedy Class I and II patients.
Five‐year clinical trial using three attachment systems for implant overdentures
Authors: Cristache Corina Marilena , Muntianu Ligia Adriana Stanca , Burlibasa Mihai , Didilescu Andreea Cristiana 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe objective is to compare, in a prospective randomized clinical trial, three types of attachment systems for mandibular implant overdenture, focusing on costs, maintenance requirements and complications from baseline to the end of 5‐year follow‐up period.Materials and MethodsSixty‐nine fully mandibular and fully/partially maxillary edentulous patients received two screw‐type Straumann implants, in the mandibular canine region. New overdentures with three types of attachment systems were inserted according to an early‐loading protocol: Group B (balls, divided into Subgroup B.1 – retentive anchor with gold matrix and Subgroup B.2 – retentive anchor with titanium matrix) (n = 23), Group M (magnets) (n = 23) and Group L (locator) (n = 23).ResultsThe highest maintenance event number (195) was observed in Group B vs. 31 in Group L and 15 in Group M. Significantly more complications were recorded in Subgroup B.1 than in Subgroup B.2, Group M and Group L (P < 0.05). Group M registered the highest prosthetic success (82.6%) in the 5 years, followed by Group L (78.2%). Subgroup B.1 had the lowest success rate (50%). The magnet group recorded statistically significant higher costs, comparing with the other two groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe three attachment systems functioned well after 5 years. The magnets had a low maintenance requirement and high success rate, despite the relatively increased initial costs. Retentive anchor with titanium matrix and locator may be a better choice from a financial point of view, taking into consideration the initial low cost of the components and also the reduced number of complications.
Accuracy of preemptively constructed, Cone Beam CT‐, and CAD/CAM technology‐based, individual Root Analogue Implant technique: An in vitro pilot investigation
Authors: Moin David Anssari , Hassan Bassam , Parsa Azin , Mercelis Peter , Wismeijer Daniel 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this in vitro pilot investigation is to assess the accuracy of the preemptive individually fabricated root analogue implant (RAI) based on three‐dimensional (3D) root surface models obtained from a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, computer‐aided designing (CAD), and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAM) technology and to measure the discrepancy in congruence with the alveolar socket subsequent to placement of the RAI.Materials and methodsEleven single‐rooted teeth from nine human cadaver mandibles were scanned with the 3D Accuitomo 170 CBCT system. The 3D surface reconstructions of the teeth acquired from the CBCT scans were used as input for fabrication of the RAIs in titanium using rapid manufacturing technology. The teeth were then carefully extracted. The teeth and RAIs were consequently optically scanned. The mandibles with the empty extraction sockets were scanned with CBCT using identical settings to the first scan. Finally, the preemptively made RAIs were implanted into their respective sockets, and the mandibles were again scanned with CBCT using the same scan settings as previous scans. All 3D surface reconstructions (CBCT 3D surface models and optical scan 3D models) were saved for further analysis. 3D models of original teeth and optical scans of the RAIs were superimposed onto each other; differences were quantified as root mean square (RMS) and Hausdorff surface distance. To obtain an estimate of the fit (congruence) of the RAIs in their respective sockets, the volumetric data sets of the sockets were compared with those of the root part of RAIs congruent with the sockets.ResultsSuperimposed surfaces of the RAIs and the original tooth reveal discrepancy for RMS, volumetric geometry, and surface area varying from 0.08 mm to 0.35 mm, 0.1% to 7.9%, and 1.1% to 3.8%, respectively. Comparing volume differences of the alveolus with the socket corresponding part of the RAI resulted in every case the volume of the socket being greater than the root part of the RAI ranging from 0.6% to 5.9% volume difference.ConclusionThe preemptive CAD/CAM‐based RAI technique might offer promising features for immediate implant placement. However, due to the lack of prospective clinical data, further research is needed to fine‐tune and evaluate this technique.
Activation of proliferation and differentiation of dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) by heat stress
Authors: Rezai Rad M. , Wise G.E. , Brooks H. , Flanagan M.B. , Yao S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectivesAdult stem cells (ASCs) remain in a slowly cycling/quiescent state under normal physiological conditions, but they can be awakened from this by certain factors, such as injury signals. Previously, our group has shown that dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) appear to proliferate more rapidly than their non‐stem cell counterparts at elevated temperatures. The study described here has aimed to (i) elucidate optimal temperature in which to culture DFSCs, (ii) determine whether elevated temperatures could enhance differentiation capability of DFSCs and (iii) characterize stem cell and osteogenic marker expression of DFSCs at elevated temperatures.Materials and methodsDFSCs obtained from rat first molars were cultured at 37 (control), 38, 39, 40 and 41 ºC. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Alamar blue reduction assay and mean numbers of viable dissociated cells. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated after 7 or 14 days osteogenic induction. Expression of selected marker genes was also assessed during proliferation and differentiation of the cells.ResultsIncreased cell proliferation was seen at heat‐stress temperatures of 38º, 39º and 40 ºC. DFSCs revealed maximal osteogenesis when cultured at 39 and 40 ºC. Moreover, some stem cell and osteogensis‐associated markers had elevated expression in heat‐stress conditions.ConclusionsUnder determined heat‐stress conditions, DFSCs increased their proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and expression of some marker genes. Thus, it is likely that elevated temperature could serve as a factor to activate adult stem cells.
East–West cultural differences in context‐sensitivity are evident in early childhood
Authors: Imada Toshie , Carlson Stephanie M. , Itakura Shoji 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that North Americans tend to focus on central objects whereas East Asians tend to pay more attention to contextual information in a visual scene. Although it is generally believed that such culturally divergent attention tendencies develop through socialization, existing evidence largely depends on adult samples. Moreover, no past research has investigated the relation between context‐sensitivity and other domains of cognitive development. The present study examined children in the United States and Japan (N = 175, age 4–9 years) to investigate the developmental pattern in context‐sensitivity and its relation to executive function. The study found that context‐sensitivity increased with age across cultures. Nevertheless, Japanese children showed significantly greater context‐sensitivity than American children. Also, context‐sensitivity fully mediated the cultural difference in a set‐shifting executive function task, which might help explain past findings that East Asian children outperformed their American counterparts on executive function.
Bidirectional influences between maternal parenting and children's peer problems: a longitudinal monozygotic twin difference study
Authors: Yamagata Shinji , Takahashi Yusuke , Ozaki Koken , Fujisawa Keiko K. , Nonaka Koichi , Ando Juko 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis twin study examined the bidirectional relationship between maternal parenting behaviors and children's peer problems that were not confounded by genetic and family environmental factors. Mothers of 259 monozygotic twin pairs reported parenting behaviors and peer problems when twins were 42 and 48 months. Path analyses on monozygotic twin difference scores revealed that authoritative parenting (the presence of consistent discipline and lack of harsh parenting) and peer problems simultaneously influenced each other. Authoritative parenting reduced peer problems, and peer problems increased authoritative parenting. Neither consistent discipline nor harsh parenting alone was associated with peer problems. These results suggest that maternal authoritative parenting works protectively in regard to children's peer problems, and peer problems can evoke such effective parenting.
The Ethics of Engaged Presence: A Framework for Health Professionals in Humanitarian Assistance and Development Work
Authors: Hunt Matthew R. , Schwartz Lisa , Sinding Christina , Elit Laurie 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this article, we present an ethics framework for health practice in humanitarian and development work: the ethics of engaged presence. The ethics of engaged presence framework aims to articulate in a systematic fashion approaches and orientations that support the engagement of expatriate health care professionals in ways that align with diverse obligations and responsibilities, and promote respectful and effective action and relationships. Drawn from a range of sources, the framework provides a vocabulary and narrative structure for examining the moral dimensions of providing development or humanitarian health assistance to individuals and communities, and working with and alongside local and international actors. The elements also help minimize or avoid certain miscalculations and harms. Emphasis is placed on the shared humanity of those who provide and those who receive assistance, acknowledgement of limits and risks related to the contributions of expatriate health care professionals, and the importance of providing skillful and relevant assistance. These elements articulate a moral posture for expatriate health care professionals that contributes to orienting the practice of clinicians in ways that reflect respect, humility, and solidarity. Health care professionals whose understanding and actions are consistent with the ethics of engaged presence will be oriented toward introspection and reflective practice and toward developing, sustaining and promoting collaborative partnerships.
Association of lead, mercury and cadmium with diabetes in the Korean population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2009–2010
Authors: Moon S.‐S. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAimDespite increasing concern regarding health problems as a result of environmental pollutants, no association of toxic heavy metals with diabetes has been demonstrated in the general population. We investigated the association of heavy metals, including lead, mercury and cadmium, with diabetes in the Korean population.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study is based on data from the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys, which were conducted in 2009 and 2010 among members of the Korean population. Participants included 1588 men and 1596 women, 30 years of age or older, who were selected from all of the 16 administrative districts of South Korea. Measurements of blood lead, mercury and cadmium levels were performed. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and homeostatic model assessment of β‐cell function were calculated in participants without diabetes.ResultsBlood concentration of lead, mercury and cadmium were slightly higher, but non‐significantly, in participants with diabetes, compared with those without. After adjustment for age, sex, region, smoking, alcohol consumption and regular exercise, the prevalence of diabetes did not differ among quartiles of blood heavy metal concentrations. Correlation analysis of heavy metals with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and β‐cell function did not indicate a significant relationship. The relationship of sum of heavy metal mixture with prevalent diabetes was also not significant.ConclusionsBlood lead, mercury and cadmium have no significant relationship with diabetes in the general Korean population.
A randomized double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of therapeutic effects of silymarin in β‐thalassemia major patients receiving desferrioxamine
Authors: Moayedi Behjat , Gharagozloo Marjan , Esmaeil Nafiseh , Maracy Mohammad R. , Hoorfar Hamid , Jalaeikar Mohsen 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveThalassemia is one of the most common genetic disorders worldwide. Chronic blood transfusions treat the underlying anemia but may lead to iron toxicity. Effective iron chelation remains one of the main targets of clinical management of thalassemia major. In this study, iron‐chelating activity of silymarin, a flavonolignan isolated from silybum marianum, was examined in β‐thalassemia major.MethodsPatients were treated with the combination of desferrioxamine and silymarin (Legalon®; n = 49) or desferrioxamine plus placebo (n = 48) for 9 months. The serum levels of ferritin, iron, total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC), soluble transferrin receptor, and hepcidin were determined at the baseline and after 9‐month therapy. Liver function test was performed before and after treatment in both groups.ResultsSerum ferritin levels decreased significantly from the beginning to the end of silymarin treatment (3028.8 ± 2002.6 vs. 1972.2 ± 1250.6 ng/mL); however, no significant change in serum ferritin was observed in the patients receiving placebo (2249.0 ± 1304.2 vs. 2015.6 ± 1146.8). Moreover, serum iron and TIBC levels were significantly reduced in silymarin group compared with placebo. Patients on silymarin therapy also exhibited a significant decrease in serum levels of hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor after 9‐month treatment period. A significant improvement in liver function test was observed in silymarin group in comparison with placebo.ConclusionThis study shows that silymarin is effective at reducing iron overload in patients when used in conjunction with desferrioxamine. Therapeutic effects of silymarin on a background of desferrioxamine suggest the potential effectiveness of silymarin alone in reducing body iron burden.
Differences in expression patterns of cathepsin C/dipeptidyl peptidase I in normal, pathological and aged mouse central nervous system
Authors: Koike Masato , Shibata Masahiro , Ezaki Junji , Peters Christoph , Saftig Paul , Kominami Eiki , Uchiyama Yasuo 
Published: December 2012

AbstractCathepsin C (CC) (EC 3.4.14.1, dipeptidyl peptidase I) is a lysosomal cysteine protease that is required for the activation of several granule‐associated serine proteases in vivo. CC has been shown to be constitutively expressed in various tissues, but the enzyme is hardly detectable in central nervous system (CNS) tissues. In the present study, we investigated the regional and cellular distribution of CC in normal, aging and pathological mouse brains. Immunoblotting failed to detect CC protein in whole brain tissues of normal mice, as previously described. However, low proteolytic activity of CC was detected in a brain region‐dependent manner, and granular immunohistochemical signals were found in neuronal perikarya of particular brain regions, including the accessory olfactory bulb, the septum, CA2 of the hippocampus, a part of the cerebral cortex, the medial geniculate, and the inferior colliculus. In aged mice, the number of CC‐positive neurons increased to some extent. The protein level of CC and its proteolytic activity showed significant increases in particular brain regions of mouse models with pathological conditions – the thalamus in cathepsin D‐deficient mice, the hippocampus of ipsilateral brain hemispheres after hypoxic–ischemic brain injury, and peri‐damaged portions of brains after penetrating injury. In such pathological conditions, the majority of the cells that were strongly immunopositive for CC were activated microglia. These lines of evidence suggest that CC is involved in normal neuronal function in certain brain regions, and also participates in inflammatory processes accompanying pathogenesis in the CNS.