bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pomiędzy składnią a leksyką – problemy proceduralne
Authors: Moroz Andrzej 
Published: November 2013

Between syntax and lexis. Procedural issues
The paper discusses combinations of words which, due to their ambivalent grammatical status, are suspended on the borderline between lexis and syntax. The considerations aim to expose the ineffectiveness of the identification procedures of lexical units in the process of unambiguous interpretation of such objects as ktoś jest pod presją czasu ‘someone is under time pressure’ or rozebrać na czynniki pierwsze ‘to thoroughly disassemble’. In the course of the discussion, a set of phrases selected from lexicographic works is first contrasted with the formal characteristics that are ascribed in the definitions to indivisible units (p. 2.1.), and then with semantic features (p. 2.2.). The essential goal of these operations is to demonstrate the practical difficulties that arise when one attempts to assign the analyzed strings to the appropriate set.
Napisy na pewnych barokowych tablicach fundacyjnych – tak zwanych „grobach dusz” w krakowskich kościołach
Authors: Steczko Iwona 
Published: November 2013

Inscriptions on certain Baroque foundation plaques (so called groby dusz ‘soul graves’) in Cracow churches
The subject of this cultural-linguistic overview are more than ten epitaph plaques preserved till this day on the walls of Cracow churches. Erected far from the actual burial place, so-called groby dusz ‘soul graves’ were primarily meant to assist the soul of the deceased on its way to salvation. The set of monuments discussed in the paper is distinguished by the strictly defined construction scheme of their inscriptions, whose essential illocutive purpose was to ask the passers-by for an intercessory prayer. Here, we attempt to discover and describe the culturally and pragmatically defined characteristic features of this act of request. We are particularly interested in the linguistic strategies that the supplicants employed to increase the persuasive force of the utterance, and to efficiently obtain the receiver’s grace.
Marr i marryzm
Authors: Stachowski Marek 
Published: November 2013

Marr and his theory
Nicholas Marr and his theory, mostly called the Japhetic theory or just Marrism, are not popular and well-known to modern students of linguistics. The aim of the present study is, then, to offer a concise presentation including both data about the Marrism and this author’s own interpretation of some common (albeit to a considerable extent incorrect) statements.
Językowe symbole polityczne
Authors: Grzegorek Katarzyna 
Published: November 2013

Linguistic political symbols. An attempt at definition
The article discusses the problem of a specific kind of linguistic constructions which exist in the political language, and which will be referred to as ‘linguistic political symbols’. The group contains quotes from the political language that are used in everyday language, names of political or historical events, political invectives, and others. Linguistic political symbols have vague semantics, generally do not possess any canonical form, and can be remembered and used in a shape that considerably departs from the original.
Raport MAK a dydaktyka przekładu tekstów specjalistycznych
Authors: Michałowski Piotr 
Published: November 2013

The Final Report of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) and didactics of translation of special texts
The Final Report of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) regarding the plane crash of 10 April 2010 and its official translation became the starting point to an analysis concerning the quality of the translation as well as the use of both texts in translation didactics. Since the IAC Report is a special text with a complex structure and a high number of scientific terms, its translation causes a variety of problems. Excerpts of the Report were translated into Polish by the students of the Faculty of Applied Linguistics of the University of Warsaw. The results of the comparative analysis of students’ translations and the corresponding excerpts of the official translation are surprising.
Who Lives in the C-Suite? Organizational Structure and the Division of Labor in Top Management
Authors: Guadalupe Maria , Li Hongyi , Wulf Julie 
Published: November 2013

Top management structures in large U.S. firms have changed significantly since the mid-1980s. The size of the executive team—the group of managers reporting directly to the CEO—doubled during this period. This growth was driven primarily by an increase in functional managers rather than general managers, a phenomenon we term “functional centralization.” Using panel data on senior management positions, we show that changes in the structure of the executive team are tightly linked to changes in firm diversification and information technology investments. These relationships depend crucially on the function involved; those closer to the product (“product” functions, e.g., marketing and R&D) behave differently from functions further from the product (“administrative” functions, e.g., finance, law, and human resources). We argue that this distinction is driven by differences in the information-processing activities associated with each function and apply this insight to refine and extend existing theories of centralization. We also discuss the implications of our results for organizational forms beyond the executive team. This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
One-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[c]chromene derivatives by using BF3•SiO2 as catalyst
Authors: Akbari Ali 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Silica-supported boron trifluoride (BF3•SiO2) is an efficient, readily available, and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-aryl-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3-carbonitrile or carboxylic acid ethyl ester derivatives by condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin, an aldehyde, and an alkylnitrile.
Behavior of Depressurization in Type III Hydrate Reservoirs
Authors: Shahbazi A.. , Pooladi-Darvish M.. 
Published: November 2013

Summary
Hydrate reservoirs have been categorized as Types I, II, and III: Type I has underlying free gas, Type II has underlying free water, and Type III is sandwiched by impermeable formations (i.e., there is no underlying mobile phase beneath the hydrate layer). The updip portion of the Mount Elbert prospect in Alaska is one example of a Type III hydrate reservoir. Depressurization in Type III reservoirs is characterized by difficulty in reducing pressure over a large region because of limited available surface area for decomposition and low permeability in the hydrate. This is unlike the case in Type I and II reservoirs, where pressure could be reduced across a large surface area between the hydrate and the underlying free phase.
A 3D numerical model incorporating heat and fluid flow, along with kinetics of decomposition and (re)formation of hydrate and ice, is developed in this paper. Next, the solution behavior of Type III hydrate reservoirs in response to application of the depressurization technique is studied, with the goal of understanding the interactions between fluid and heat flow and their effects on the decomposition region. This is achieved by exploring for 1D similarity solutions in Type III reservoirs. (A similarity solution of a PDE is a solution that depends on one variable which itself is made up of the individual independent variables that the PDE depended on.)
The results of this study indicate that the behavior of Type III reservoirs is sometimes close to that of diffusion problems, suggesting that a similarity solution exists. This has also been shown to be the case in the literature. However, under some other conditions, for the first time it is shown that the solution to this problem is also identical to a traveling-wave solution, which could offer another type of similarity solution often observed in diffusive/reactive problems that exhibit frontal behavior and sharp gradients. (The traveling-wave solution or convective similarity solution is a type of similarity solution in which the similarity variable is x−vt, with v being the constant characteristic speed. This type of solution exists for the problems in which the profiles of the dependent variables, such as pressure or saturation, advance in time in the form of traveling waves without changing shape and velocity.) Conditions leading to development of these two types of similarity solutions are identified.
The contribution of this work is in identifying the different solution regimes in Type III hydrate reservoirs. This improved understanding could lead to simplifying the modeling of the nonlinear mechanisms involved in the process of gas production from hydrates.
Feasibility and Interest of Continuous Diaphragmatic Fatigue Monitoring Using Wavelet Denoising in ICU and Anesthesia
Authors: Morel Guy-Louis , Mahul Philippe , Reche Marcelle , Viale Jean-Paul , Auboyer Christian , Geyssant Andre , Roche Frederic , Barthelemy Jean-Claude , Pichot Vincent 
Published: November 2013

Measures of diaphragmatic electromyography (Edi), and respiratory mechanics, have demonstrated early
changes before clinical complications. However, automatic Edi data collection is not adequate today due mainly to severe
artefacts as well as to loss of signal. We thus intended to develop a new device with embedded artificial intelligence to
optimize automatic Edi recordings independantly of artefacts and of probe displacement.
We first chose the best mathematical tool to denoise Edi, using an established database, giving multiresolution wavelets
as the best, resulting in the permanent availability of the H/L spectral index, a recognized representative of diaphragmatic
fatigue. Fatigue was simultaneously measured using the classical mechanical f/Vt index (Rapid Shallow Breathing Index,
RSBI), as well as the transdiaphragmatic pressure.
We then performed a comparison of real-time H/L and RSBI in a group of seven healthy volunteers, before and during
midazolam sedation infusion 0.1 mg.kg-1, with a parallel CPAP administration (2.5, 5.0, and 10 cm H2O) intended to
compensate for airways resistance due to midazolam. Procedure was ended by delivering the antagonistic flumazenil 0.2
to 0.5 mg.kg-1. Progressive fatigue due to midazolam, the relief due to CPAP, as well as the answer to the anatgonist flumazenil,
were shown earlier by the H/L index than by the RSBI change.
Our new H/L monitoring device may greatly improve clinical follow-up of anesthetized patients as well as help to determine
the optimal period for ventilatory weaning in ICU (Clinical Trials NCT00133939).
Comparison of calf weaning weight and associated economic variables between beef cows with and without serum antibodies against or isolation from feces of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis
Authors: Bhattarai Bikash , Fosgate Geoffrey T. , Osterstock Jason B. , Fossler Charles P. , Park Seong C. , Roussel Allen J. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To compare calf weaning weight and associated economic variables for beef cows with serum antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) or from which MAP was isolated from feces with those for cows that were seronegative for antibodies against or culture negative for MAP.
Design—Retrospective study.
Animals—4,842 beef cows from 3 herds enrolled in the USDA National Johne's Disease Demonstration Herd Project.
Procedures—Individual cow ELISA and culture results were obtained from the project database. During each parity evaluated for each cow, the 205-day adjusted weaning weight (AWW) of its calf was calculated. The AWW was compared between test-positive and test-negative cows by use of multilevel mixed-effect models. The median value for feeder calves from 2007 to 2011 was used to estimate the economic losses associated with MAP test–positive cows.
Results—The AWW of calves from cows with strongly positive ELISA results was 21.48 kg (47.26 lb) less than that of calves from cows with negative ELISA results. The AWW of calves from cows classified as heavy or moderate MAP shedders was 58.51 kg (128.72 lb) and 40.81 kg (89.78 lb) less, respectively, than that of calves from MAP culture–negative cows. Associated economic losses were estimated as $57.49/calf for cows with strongly positive ELISA results and $156.60/calf and $109.23/calf for cows classified as heavy and moderate MAP shedders, respectively.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Calves from cows with MAP-positive test results had significantly lower AWWs than did calves from cows with MAP-negative test results, which translated into economic losses for MAP-infected beef herds.
Characterization of fungal keratitis in alpacas: 11 cases (2003–2012)
Authors: Ledbetter Eric C. , Montgomery Keith W. , Landry Matthew P. , Kice Nathan C. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To describe clinical, microbiological, in vivo confocal microscopic, and histopathologic features of fungal keratitis in alpacas and to estimate prevalence of the disease in a population of alpacas from the northeastern United States.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—11 alpacas.
Procedures—Medical records of alpacas evaluated by the ophthalmology service of a veterinary teaching hospital were searched to identify animals with a clinical diagnosis of fungal keratitis and positive results for fungal culture of a corneal sample between 2003 and 2012. Signalment and historical, clinical, and microbiological details were recorded. Results of cytologic, histopathologic, and in vivo confocal microscopic corneal examinations were collected when available.
Results—Fungal keratitis was diagnosed in 11 of 169 (6.5%) alpacas that underwent ophthalmologic examination by the ophthalmology service during the study period. Ten of the 11 alpacas were evaluated in the summer or fall months. Corneal lesions included stromal ulcer, stromal abscess, corneal perforation, and nonulcerative keratitis. Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium solani were the most frequently cultured fungi. Fungi were also identified through corneal cytologic examination, histologic examination, or in vivo confocal microscopy in 9 alpacas. Historically, 2 alpacas were evaluated following external ocular trauma and 1 following corneal foreign body removal. Nine alpacas had received topical treatment with antimicrobials and 2 had antimicrobial-corticosteroid combinations administered topically prior to referral. Nine of 10 alpacas for which follow-up information was available were successfully treated, with globe and vision retention.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Fungal keratitis was a relatively common ocular disease in this population of alpacas and appeared to share several clinical features with keratomycosis in horses.
Assessing Proprioceptive Function: Evaluating Joint Position Matching Methods Against Psychophysical Thresholds
Authors: Elangovan Naveen , Herrmann Amanda , Konczak Jürgen 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundThe importance of assessing proprioceptive function for rehabilitation after neurological or orthopedic injury has long been recognized. Yet, neither the validity nor the accuracy of the available tests is firmly established. Testing typically involves repeated matching of a given joint position with the same or opposite limb where the difference between the 2 positions indicates proprioceptive acuity.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare position sense acuity between ipsilateral and contralateral matching methods against a psychophysical threshold method to establish the accuracy and relationships between these models.DesignA repeated-measures design was used.MethodAssessment of forearm position sense for a 10-degree reference position in 27 young adults who were healthy.ResultsPsychophysical thresholds were revealed to be the most precise and least variable acuity measure. The mean (±SD) threshold (1.05°±0.47°) was significantly lower than mean position errors obtained by both joint position matching tasks (ipsilateral: 1.51°±0.64°; contralateral: 1.84°±0.73°)—a 44% to 75% difference in measurement accuracy. Individual participant position errors correlated poorly with respective thresholds, indicating a lack of concurrent validity. Position errors for both matching methods correlated only mildly with each other.LimitationsThe data represent performance of a healthy, young adult cohort. Differences between methods will likely be more pronounced in aging and clinical populations.ConclusionsThreshold testing and joint position matching methods examine different physiological aspects of proprioceptive function. Because threshold testing is based on passive motion, it most closely reflects afferent sensory feedback processing (ie, proprioception). Matching methods require active motion and are consequently influenced by additional sensorimotor processes. Factors such as working memory and transmission between brain hemispheres also influence joint matching task outcomes.
Microsurgical resection of extensive craniopharyngiomas using a frontolateral approach: operative technique and outcome
Authors: Gerganov Venelin , Metwali Hussam , Samii Amir , Fahlbusch Rudolf , Samii Madjid 
Published: November 2013

Object
An extensive craniopharyngioma is a tumor that extends into multiple compartments (subarachnoid spaces) and attains a size larger than 4 cm. A wide spectrum of approaches and strategies has been used for resection of such craniopharyngiomas. In this report the authors focused on the feasibility and efficacy of microsurgical resection of extensive craniopharyngiomas using a frontolateral approach.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 16 patients with extensive craniopharyngiomas who underwent operations using a frontolateral approach at one institution. The preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiological data, as well as the operative videos, were reviewed. The main focus of the review was the extent of radical tumor removal, early postoperative outcome, and approach-related complications.

Results
Gross-total resection of craniopharyngioma was achieved in 14 (87.5%) of 16 cases. Early after surgery (within 3 months), 1 patient showed improvement in hormonal status, while in the remaining 15 patients it worsened. No major neurological morbidity was observed. Two patients experienced temporary psychotic disorders. Visual function improved in 6 patients and remained unchanged in 9. One patient experienced a new bitemporal hemianopsia. Three patients with features of short-term memory disturbances at presentation did show improvement after surgery. There were no deaths or significant approach-related morbidity in this patient series. Only 1 patient required revision surgery for a CSF leak.

Conclusions
The safe and simple frontolateral approach provides adequate access even to extensive craniopharyngiomas and enables their complete removal with a reasonable morbidity and approach-related complication rate.
Autonomie retardée et négociée : l’émancipation résidentielle des jeunes Européens
Authors: Bendit René , Hein Kerstin , Biggart Andy 
Published: November 2013

Delayed and negotiated autonomy : residential emancipation of young Europeans.
A significant proportion of young people from 15 to 29 years old in the European Union still live in their parents’ home. This tendency displayed by young people to delay moving out varies from country to country, and between young men and young women. So far, rather little research has been done on this phenomenon., but these «birds » in no hurry to leave the nest are nevertheless arousing increasing interest among experts on family policy. The fact is that those experts have noted that delaying residential emancipation is also tantamount to later founding one’s own family. Hence this contribution deals with the residential emancipation of young people in Europe. It relies on an analysis of quantitative tendencies and on qualitative interviews carried out within the framework of the European Union project called «Family and Transitions in Europe » .
Variations de la fécondité dans les pays développés : disparités et influences des politiques d’aide aux familles
Authors: Thévenon Olivier , Gauthier Anne H. 
Published: November 2013

Variations in fertility trends in developed countries : disparities and impact of policies supporting families.
Policies supporting families have proved to impact fertility but their effect is limited : in-cash support, work-tested or not, impact the timing of births but its impact on final family size in less certain ; policies reconciling work and family seem to have an impact, especially on the decision to have children or to remain childless. This kind of support contribute to reducing social differences in fertility behaviour. But, the overall impact of policy support may be underestimated because of the extreme difficulty to capture the long-term and indirect effects.
Le duel présidentiel Sarkozy-Hollande dans les caricatures
Authors: Houdebine-Gravaud Anne-Marie , Vivero García María Dolores 
Published: November 2013

Nous étudions les vignettes françaises manifestant l’affrontement entre Sarkozy et Hollande avant et après le premier tour des présidentielles puis celles concernant le débat du 2 mai 2012 et ses retombées. Une fois explicités le cadre méthodologique et les outils conceptuels d’analyse, on s’attache à décrire les modalités critiques des dessins (visées, cibles), leurs mises en scène et à dégager leur caractère humoristique (ludique ou critique), en mettant en évidence la façon dont les caricatures participent à renforcer les représentations communément partagées ou, au contraire, à jouer avec elles de manière transgressive. Un corpus constitué par une centaine de dessins de presse collecté entre avril 2011 et juin 2012 dans la presse française ( Sud-Ouest, Le Monde, Libération ) montre certaines régularités notamment en ce qui concerne la visée « destituante » à l’égard de la politique en général et l’ébranlement de doxas telles le respect des règles démocratiques ou la différence entre la gauche et la droite politiques. Nous éclairons aussi cette étude avec le regard humoristique que la presse espagnole porte sur le résultat de ce duel présidentiel.
Humour et ironie dans le débat Hollande-Sarkozy de l'entre-deux-tours des élections présidentielles (2 mai 2012)
Authors: Kerbrat-Orecchioni Catherine 
Published: November 2013

Le genre « débat présidentiel » est par définition, de par la gravité de son enjeu, un genre « sérieux », dont on peut penser qu’il ne constitue pas un cadre véritablement propice au déploiement de l’humour et de l’ironie. Mais en même temps, ironie et humour peuvent y trouver leur place à la fois comme instruments de combat (contre l’adversaire) et de séduction (du public). Les candidats-débatteurs ne vont donc pas hésiter à y recourir, mais à petite dose, et sous des formes bien particulières. Un examen attentif du corpus nous permettra de dégager les principaux procédés d’humour/ironie exploités dans le débat de 2012 par François Hollande et Nicolas Sarkozy, dont les styles sont à cet égard un peu différents, mais dont l’objectif est évidemment le même : disqualifier, voire ridiculiser l’adversaire par tous les moyens discursifs disponibles, et en particulier par la pratique mesurée d’un humour « offensif ».