bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virulence-related traits of epidemic Acinetobacter baumannii strains belonging to the international clonal lineages I-III and to the emerging genotypes ST25 and ST78
Authors: Giannouli Maria , Antunes Luísa CS , Marchetti Veronica , Triassi Maria , Visca Paolo , Zarrilli Raffaele 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background

Acinetobacter baumannii is responsible for large epidemics in hospitals, where it can persist for long time on abiotic surfaces. This study investigated some virulence-related traits of epidemic A. baumannii strains assigned to distinct MLST genotypes, including those corresponding to the international clones I-III as well as emerging genotypes responsible for recent epidemics.

Methods
Genotyping of bacteria was performed by PFGE analysis and MLST according to the Pasteur’s scheme. Biofilm formation on polystyrene plates was assessed by crystal violet staining; resistance to desiccation was evaluated on glass cover-slips when kept at room-temperature and 31% relative humidity; adherence to and invasion of A549 human alveolar epithelial cells were determined by the analysis of viable bacteria associated with or internalized by A549 human alveolar epithelial cells; Galleria mellonella killing assays were used to analyze the virulence of A. baumannii in vivo.

Results
The ability to form biofilm was significantly higher for A. baumannnii strains assigned to ST2 (international clone II), ST25 and ST78 compared to other STs. All A. baumannii strains survived on dry surfaces for over 16 days, and strains assigned to ST1 (international clone I) and ST78 survived for up to 89 and 96 days, respectively. Adherence to A549 pneumocytes was higher for strains assigned to ST2, ST25 and ST78 than other genotypes; a positive correlation exists between adherence and biofilm formation. Strains assigned to ST78 also showed significantly higher ability to invade A549 cells. No significant differences in the killing of G. mellonella worms were found among strains.

Conclusions
Elevated resistance to desiccation, high biofilm-forming capacity on abiotic surfaces and adherence to A549 cells might have favoured the spread and persistence in the hospital environment of A. baumannii strains assigned to the international clones I and II and to the emerging genotypes ST25 and ST78.
Effect of Carissa opaca leaves extract on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity and reproductive hormones in male rats
Authors: Sahreen Sumaira , Khan Muhammad Rashid , Khan Rahmat Ali , Shah Naseer Ali 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundCarissa opacaleaves are traditionally used in the treatment of male dysfunction and hormonal disorder as well as in oxidative stress in Pakistan and Asia. The present study was designed to assess the protective effects of methanolic extract ofCarissa opacaleaves (MLC) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced reproductive stress in male rats and bioactive constituents responsible for the activity.MethodsCCl4was induced in 42 male rats for eight weeks and checked the protective efficacy of methanolic extract ofCarissa opacaleaves at various hormonal imbalances, alteration of antioxidant enzymes, DNA fragmentation levels and lipid peroxidation caused testicular fibrosis in testis while High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used for detection of bioactive components.ResultsHPLC characterization revealed the presence of isoquercitin , hyperoside , vitexin , myricetin and kaempherol. CCl4caused significant alteration in the secretion of reproductive hormones. Activity of antioxidant enzymes viz; catalase, superoxide dimutase and phase II metabolizing enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione was decreased while DNA fragmentation, hydrogen per oxide contents and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were increased with CCl4treatment. Co-administration of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg b.w. MLC effectively ameliorated the alterations in the biochemical markers; hormonal and molecular levels.ConclusionProtective effects of methanolic extract ofCarissa opacaagainst CCl4−induced antioxidant and hormonal dysfunction which might be due to bioactive compound present in extract.
Fixed point theorems under Hardy-Rogers contractive conditions on 0-complete ordered partial metric spaces
Authors: Nashine Hemant Kumar , Kadelburg Zoran , Radenović Stojan , Kim Jong Kyu 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
A fixed point theorem is obtained for a monotone self-map in a 0-complete ordered partial metric space under Hardy-Rogers-type contractive condition. This result improves some recently obtained ones, in the sense that weaker conditions are used. An example shows how this result can be used when the corresponding result in standard metric cannot. The second theorem is concerned with two weakly isotone increasing self-mappings in ordered partial metric spaces. A common fixed point result is obtained without any commutativity or compatibility assumptions.

MSC:47H10, 54H25.
Effectiveness of human, camel, bovine and sheep lactoferrin on the hepatitis C virus cellular infectivity: comparison study
Authors: EL-Fakharany Esmail M , Sánchez Lourdes , Al-Mehdar Hussein A , Redwan Elrashdy M 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Purpose
The prevalence of HCV infection has increased during recent years and the incidence reach 3% of the world's population, and in some countries like Egypt, may around 20%. The developments of effective and preventive agents are critical to control the current public health burden imposed by HCV infection. Lactoferrin in general and camel lactoferrin specifically has been shown to have a compatitive anti-viral activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV). The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the anti-infectivity of native human, camel, bovine and sheep lactoferrin on continuous of HCV infection in HepG2 cells.

Material and methods
Used Lfs were purified by Mono S 5/50 GL column and Superdex 200 5/150 column. The purified Lfs were evaluated in two ways; 1. the pre-infected cells were treated with the Lfs to inhibit intracellular replication at different concentrations and time intervals, 2. Lfs were directly incubated with the virus molecules then used to cells infection. The antiviral activity of the Lfs were determined using three techniques; 1. RT-nested PCR, 2. Real-time PCR and 3. Flowcytometric.

Results
Human, camel, bovine and sheep lactoferrin could prevent the HCV entry into HepG2 cells by direct interaction with the virus instead of causing significant changes in the target cells. They were also able to inhibit virus amplification in HCV infected HepG2 cells. The highest anti-infectivity was demonstrated by the camel lactoferrin.

Conclusion
cLf has inhibitory effect on HCV (genotype 4a) higher than human, bovine and sheep lactoferrin.
Identification of tetrodotoxin-producing Shewanella spp. from feces of food poisoning patients and food samples
Authors: Wang Duochun , Wang Yonglu , Huang Hongnan , Lin Jie , Xiao Di , Kan Biao 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Shewanella spp. is infrequently recovered from clinical specimens. Following two outbreaks of food poisoning, eight Shewanella spp. strains were obtained from the fecal specimens of patients, food and food processing-related materials. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was identified in the culture supernatants of these strains, and the toxin’s biological activity was detected using a mouse bioassay. This study suggested that Shewanella strains can colonize and survive in human intestines. The study also raises the issues of the accumulation of TTX produced by Shewanella in food and the possible role of TTX-producing Shewanella in food poisoning.
Types and severity of medication errors in Iran; a review of the current literature
Authors: Mansouri Ava , Ahmadvand Alireza , Hadjibabaie Molouk , Kargar Mona , Javadi Mohammadreza , Gholami Kheirollah 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Medication error (ME) is the most common single preventable cause of adverse drug events which negatively affects patient safety. ME prevalence is a valuable safety indicator in healthcare system. Inadequate studies on ME, shortage of high-quality studies and wide variations in estimations from developing countries including Iran, decreases the reliability of ME evaluations. In order to clarify the status of MEs, we aimed to review current available literature on this subject from Iran. We searched Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, EBSCOHOST and also Persian databases (IranMedex, and SID) up to October 2012 to find studies on adults and children about prescription, transcription, dispensing, and administration errors. Two authors independently selected and one of them reviewed and extracted data for types, definitions and severity of MEs. The results were classified based on different stages of drug delivery process. Eighteen articles (11 Persian and 7 English) were included in our review. All study designs were cross-sectional and conducted in hospital settings. Nursing staff and students were the most frequent populations under observation (12 studies; 66.7%). Most of studies did not report the overall frequency of MEs aside from ME types. Most of studies (15; 83.3%) reported prevalence of administration errors between 14.3%-70.0%. Prescribing error prevalence ranged from 29.8%-47.8%. The prevalence of dispensing and transcribing errors were from 11.3%-33.6% and 10.0%-51.8% respectively. We did not find any follow up or repeated studies. Only three studies reported findings on severity of MEs. The most reported types of and the highest percentages for any type of ME in Iran were administration errors. Studying ME in Iran is a new area considering the duration and number of publications. Wide ranges of estimations for MEs in different stages may be because of the poor quality of studies with diversity in definitions, methods, and populations. For gaining better insights into ME in Iran, we suggest studying sources, underreporting of, and preventive measures for MEs.
Cyclin D1 cooperates with p21 to regulate TGFβ-mediated breast cancer cell migration and tumor local invasion
Authors: Dai Meiou , Al-Odaini Amal A , Fils-Aimé Nadège , Villatoro Manuel A , Guo Jimin , Arakelian Ani , Rabbani Shafaat A , Ali Suhad , Lebrun Jean Jacques 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Deregulation of the cell cycle machinery is often found in human cancers. Modulations in the cell cycle regulator function and expression result not only in proliferative advantages, but also lead to tumor progression and invasiveness of the cancer. In particular, cyclin D1 and p21 are often over-expressed in human cancers, correlating with high tumor grade, poor prognosis and increased metastasis. This prompted us to investigate the role of the cyclin D1/p21 signaling axis downstream of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) in breast cancer progression.

Methods
Cyclins mRNA and protein expressions were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot in triple negative breast cancer cell lines. Co-localization and interaction between cyclin D1 and p21 were performed by immunocytochemistry and co-immunoprecipitation, respectively. Cell migration was assessed by wound healing and quantitative time-lapse imaging assays. In addition, the effects of cyclin D1 on cellular structure and actin organization were examined by staining with F-actin marker phalloidin and mesenchymal intermediate filament vimentin. Finally, a mammary fat pad xenograft mouse model was used to assess mammary tumor growth and local invasion.

Results
We found TGFβ to specifically up-regulate the expression of cyclin D1 in triple negative breast cancer cells. Induction of cyclin D1 is also required for TGFβ-mediated cell migration. Suppression of cyclin D1 expression not only resulted in a rounded and epithelial-like phenotype, but also prevented TGFβ-induced vimentin and F-actin co-localization at the cell edge as well as invadopodia formation. Furthermore, TGFβ promoted the nuclear co-localization and physical interaction between cyclin D1 and p21. The co-expression of cyclin D1 and p21 proteins are required for the initial steps of tumor development, as double knockdown of these two molecules prevented primary tumor formation in a Xenograft mouse model. Moreover, the in vivo studies indicated that locally advanced features of the invasive tumors, including skeletal muscle, mammary fat pad and lymphovascular invasion, as well as ulcerated skin, were attenuated in the absence of cyclin D1 and p21.

Conclusions
Thus, our findings highlight the cyclin D1/p21 signaling axis as a critical regulator of TGFβ-mediated tumor growth initiation and local tumor cell invasion, both in vitro and in vivo.
Post-extubation dysphagia is associated with longer hospitalization in survivors of critical illness with neurologic impairment
Authors: Macht Madison , King Christopher J , Wimbish Tim , Clark Brendan J , Benson Alexander B , Burnham Ellen L , Williams André , Moss Marc 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Critically ill patients can develop acute respiratory failure requiring endotracheal intubation. Swallowing dysfunction after liberation from mechanical ventilation, also known as post-extubation dysphagia, is common and deleterious among patients without neurologic disease. However, the risk factors associated with the development of post-extubation dysphagia and its effect on hospital lengthofstay in critically ill patients with neurologic disorders remains relatively unexplored.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study from 2008 to 2010 of patients with neurologic impairment who required mechanical ventilation and subsequently received a bedside swallow evaluation (BSE) by a speech-language pathologist.

Results
A BSE was performed after mechanical ventilation in 25% (630/2,484) of all patients. In the 184 patients with neurologic impairment, post-extubation dysphagia was present in 93% (171/184), and was classified as mild, moderate, or severe in 34% (62/184), 26% (48/184), and 33% (61/184), respectively. In univariate analyses, statistically significant risk factors for moderate/severe dysphagia included longer durations of mechanical ventilation and the presence of a tracheostomy. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for age, tracheostomy, cerebrovascular disease, and severity of illness, mechanical ventilation for >7 days remained independently associated with moderate/severe dysphagia (adjusted odds ratio = 4.48 (95%confidence interval = 2.14 to 9.81), P<0.01). The presence of moderate/severe dysphagia was also significantly associated with prolonged hospital lengthofstay, discharge status, and surgical placement of feeding tubes. When adjusting for age, severity of illness, and tracheostomy, patients with moderate/severe dysphagia stayed in the hospital 4.32 days longer after their initial BSE than patients with none/mild dysphagia (95% confidence interval = 3.04 to 5.60 days, P <0.01).

Conclusion
In a cohort of critically ill patients with neurologic impairment, longer duration of mechanical ventilation is independently associated with post-extubation dysphagia, and the development of post-extubation dysphagia is independently associated with a longer hospital length of stay after the initial BSE.
Palladium-catalyzed Tandem Cyclodehydrogenation of o-Phenylenediyne-linked Bis(arenol)s to Produce Benzodifuran-containing Condensed Heteroaromatic Ring Systems
Authors: Furusawa Masaki , Imahori Tatsushi , Igawa Kazunobu , Tomooka Katsuhiko , Irie Ryo 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
o-Phenylenediyne-linked bis(arenol) derivatives underwent catalytic cyclodehydrogenation with Pd(OAc)2 and molecular oxygen in DMSO to produce benzodifuran-containing condensed heteroaromatic ring systems, via the formation of two C–O and one C–C bonds in a tandem fashion. Remarkably, the present cycloaromatization proceeded efficiently in the presence of aqueous NaOH and MS 3A to provide the desired heterocycles in moderate-to-high yields.
Ubiquitous photography
Authors: Kember Sarah 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
What is ubiquitous photography? The article addresses this question and argues that ubiquity signals something more than the proliferation and dispersal of photography into everyday life. Moving beyond the question of digitization and of new or digital media, the premise of the argument is that ubiquitous photography is inseparable from the claims and innovations associated with the wider field of ubiquitous computing. Here, photography and the photographic are realigned within the terms of the technoscience industries and their quest to generate ambient intelligent environments, automated systems such as face recognition technology (FRT), animated artefacts and augmented reality (AR). Employing a feminist approach to technoscience, the article offers a gendered, genealogical and interventionist critique of photography’s ‘everywhere’ status.
Laparoscopos colorectalis resectiók – 393 eset tapasztalatai
Authors: Kupcsulik Péter , Tamás Judit , Pálházy Timea , Lukovich Péter , Weltner János 
Published: June 2013

AbsztraktA laparoscopos (LAP) vastagbélműtéteket egyre szélesebb körben alkalmazzák világszerte. Nagy összehasonlító tanulmányok részletezik az előnyöket, de kevesebb az adat a hétköznapi gyakorlat tapasztalatairól. A jelen közlemény az I. sz. Sebészeti Klinika 2004–2011 közötti, szelekció nélküli colorectalis műtéti beteganyagát dolgozza fel. A 393 beteg közül malignus tumor miatt 333 került műtétre. A T3 daganatok aránya 62,7% volt. Szinkrón májáttétet észleltünk 18 esetben, közülük 3 solitaer, resecabilis, 15 multiplex inoperábilis áttét volt. Minden esetben sikeres bélresectióra került sor. A szövődmények teljes beteganyagra vonatkoztatott aránya 9,9%, a kórházi halálozás 2,0% volt. A szövődménymentes esetek átlagos ápolási ideje 6,7 nap volt. 9 esetben „single incision” műtét történt szövődménymentesen, az ápolási idő itt 4 napot vett igénybe. Rectumtumorok esetében az abdominoperinealis exstirpatiók aránya 9,3%-ot, a resectiós műtéteké 90,7%-ot tett ki. 59 betegnél (15%) került sor konverzióra. A műtéti idők a vizsgált idő alatt csökkentek, de mind a műtéti idő, mind a konverziók aránya jellemzően operatőrfüggő. A laparoscopos módszer alkalmas minden típusú elektív colorectalis sebészi kórkép kezelésére. A módszer elterjesztéséhez rendszeres, szervezett képzés szükséges.
Injection of platelet- and leukocyte-rich plasma at the junction of the proximal sesamoid bone and the suspensory ligament branch for treatment of yearling Thoroughbreds with proximal sesamoid bone inflammation and associated suspensory ligament branch desmitis
Authors: Garrett Katherine S. , Bramlage Lawrence R. , Spike-Pierce Deborah L. , Cohen Noah D. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the effects of treatment with platelet- and leukocyte-rich plasma (PRP) on future 2-, 3-, and 4-year-old racing performance of yearling Thoroughbreds with proximal sesamoid bone inflammation and associated suspensory ligament branch (SLB) desmitis.
Design—Randomized clinical trial.
Animals—39 yearling Thoroughbreds.
Procedures—Yearling Thoroughbreds with radiographic evidence of performance-limiting proximal sesamoid bone inflammation and ultrasonographic evidence of associated SLB desmitis were identified and randomly assigned to undergo PRP (treatment group) or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control group) injection at the affected SLB-proximal sesamoid bone junction. Race records of horses for the 2-, 3-, and 4-year-old racing years were obtained. Data regarding amount of money earned and number of races started were used as outcome measures, and results for groups were compared.
Results—Horses treated with PRP were significantly more likely to start at least 1 race during the 2-year-old racing year than were horses treated with saline solution; no significant differences were detected between groups regarding that variable for the 3- and 4-year-old racing years. No significant differences between groups were detected regarding earnings for any racing year.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Although PRP-treated horses were more likely to start a race during the 2-year-old racing year versus control group horses, results for horses in each group were not significantly different for the 3- and 4-year-old racing years. Therefore, the PRP treatment protocol evaluated in this study did not seem to improve future racing performance of yearling Thoroughbreds with proximal sesamoid bone inflammation and associated SLB desmitis, compared with injection of saline solution.
Survival time and prognostic factors in cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus: 114 cases (2000–2009)
Authors: Callegari Carolina , Mercuriali Edy , Hafner Michaela , Coppola Luigi M. , Guazzetti Stefano , Lutz Thomas A. , Reusch Claudia E. , Zini Eric 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine overall survival time and identify prognostic factors associated with survival time in cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—114 cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus.
Procedures—Data for analysis included history, signalment, physical examination findings, hematologic and serum biochemical data, presence of ketoacidosis, and diagnosis of concurrent diseases at initial evaluation. The effects of possible predictors on survival time were determined by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results—Median survival time of diabetic cats was 516 days (range, 1 to 3,468 days); 70%, 64%, and 46% lived longer than 3, 6, and 24 months, respectively. Survival time was significantly shorter for cats with higher creatinine concentrations, with a hazard of dying approximately 5% greater for each increase of 10 μg/dL in serum creatinine concentration (adjusted HR, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.003 to 1.007). Ketoacidosis was not significantly associated with survival time (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.590 to 1.78).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus had a fair to good prognosis. High serum creatinine concentration at diagnosis was associated with a poor outcome, likely because of the adverse effects of renal dysfunction. Ketoacidosis apparently was not associated with decreased survival time, suggesting that this complication should not necessarily be regarded as unfavorable.
Smad1 stabilization and delocalization in response to the blockade of BMP activity
Authors: Li Lili , Wang Jianhe , Chau Jenny , Liu Huijuan , Li Baojie , Hao Aijun , Li Jing 
Published: June 2013

AbstractSignaling at the plasma membrane receptors is generally terminated by some form of feedback regulation, such as endocytosis and/or degradation of the receptors. BMP-Smad1 signaling can also be attenuated by BMP-induced expression of the inhibitory Smads, which are negative regulators of Smad1 transactivation activity and/or BMP antagonists. Here, we report on a novel Smad1 regulation mechanism that occurs in response to the blockade of BMP activity. Lowering the serum levels or antagonizing BMPs with noggin led to upregulation of Smad1 at the protein level in several cell lines, but not to upregulation of Smad5, Smad8 or Smad2/3. The Smad1 upregulation occurs at the level of protein stabilization. Upregulated Smad1 was relocalized to the perinuclear region. These alterations seem to affect the dynamics and amplitude of BMP2-induced Smad1 reactivation. Our findings indicate that depleting or antagonizing BMPs leads to Smad1 stabilization and relocalization, thus revealing an unexpected regulatory mechanism for BMP-Smad1 signaling.