bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weak lensing mass bias and the alignment of centre proxies
Authors: Sommer Martin W , Schrabback Tim , Ragagnin Antonio , Rockenfeller Robert 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Galaxy cluster masses derived from observations of weak lensing suffer from a number of biases affecting the accuracy of mass-observable relations calibrated from such observations. In particular, the choice of the cluster centre plays a prominent role in biasing inferred masses. In the past, empirical miscentring distributions have been used to address this issue. Using hydrodynamic simulations, we aim to test the accuracy of weak lensing mass bias predictions based on such miscentring distributions by comparing the results to mass biases computed directly using intracluster medium (ICM)-based centres from the same simulation. We construct models for fitting masses to both centred and miscentred Navarro–Frenk–White profiles of reduced shear, and model the resulting distributions of mass bias with normal and lognormal distributions. We find that the standard approach of using miscentring distributions leads to an overestimation of cluster masses at levels of between 2 per cent and 6 per cent when compared to the analysis in which actual simulated ICM centres are used, even when the underlying miscentring distributions match in terms of the miscentring amplitude. While we find that neither lognormal nor normal distributions are generally reliable for accurately modelling the shapes of the mass bias distributions, both models can serve as reasonable approximations in practice.
Efficacy of transdermal buprenorphine patch for managing withdrawal symptoms in patients with cancer physically dependent on prescription opioids
Authors: Kang Jung Hun , Lee Kyung Hee , Huh Seok Jae , Shin Seong-Hoon , Kim Il Hwan , Hwang In Gyu , Koo Dong-Hoe , Lee Dongyun , Koh Su-Jin , Seo Seyoung , Lee Guk Jin , Chun Sang Hoon , Ji Jun Ho , Oh Sung Yong , Choi Jung Woo , Go Se-Il 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The physical dependence on prescription opioids among cancer survivors remains an under-investigated area, with a scarcity of well-designed prospective studies.

Methods
This single-arm, phase-2 clinical trial in Korea assessed the efficacy and safety of a transdermal buprenorphine patch (TBP) in managing physical dependence on prescription opioids in cancer survivors, as confirmed through the DSM-5 criteria or psychiatric consultation for opioid withdrawal. This study involved a 4-phase treatment protocol of screening, induction/stabilization, discontinuation, and monitoring. The primary outcome was the rate of successful opioid discontinuation, as measured by a negative urine-drug screening at 8 weeks. Key secondary outcomes included the resumption of prescribed opioids, changes in both the Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) and morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD), and assessments related to the psychological and physiological aspects of dependence and safety.

Results
Thirty-one participants were enrolled. In the intention-to-treat population, the success rate of opioid discontinuation was 58%, with only 2 participants experiencing a resumption of prescribed opioids. Significant reductions were observed in MEDD, which decreased from 98 to 26 mg/day (P &lt; .001), and COWS scores, which decreased from 5.5 to 2.8 (P &lt; .001). Desire to use opioids reduced from 7.0 to 3.0 on a 10-point numeric rating scale (P &lt; .001). Toxicities related to TBP were mild and manageable, without severe precipitated withdrawal symptoms.

Conclusion
TBP may be considered as an alternative therapeutic option in cancer survivors physically dependent on prescription opioids, especially where sublingual formulations are unavailable.
From sensing to acclimation: The role of membrane lipid remodeling in plant responses to low temperatures
Authors: Shomo Zachery D , Li Fangyi , Smith Cailin N , Edmonds Sydney R , Roston Rebecca L 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Low temperatures pose a dramatic challenge to plant viability. Chilling and freezing disrupt cellular processes, forcing metabolic adaptations reflected in alterations to membrane compositions. Understanding the mechanisms of plant cold tolerance is increasingly important due to anticipated increases in the frequency, severity, and duration of cold events. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the adaptive changes of membrane glycerolipids, sphingolipids, and phytosterols in response to cold stress. We delve into key mechanisms of low-temperature membrane remodeling, including acyl editing and headgroup exchange, lipase activity, and phytosterol abundance changes, focusing on their impact at the subcellular level. Furthermore, we tabulate and analyze current gycerolipidomic data from cold treatments of Arabidopsis, maize, and sorghum. This analysis highlights congruencies of lipid abundance changes in response to varying degrees of cold stress. Ultimately, this review aids in rationalizing observed lipid fluctuations and pinpoints key gaps in our current capacity to fully understand how plants orchestrate these membrane responses to cold stress.
Grounding Legalism
Authors: Haderlie Derek Christian , Litland Jon Erling 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Many authors have proposed that grounding is closely related to metaphysical laws. However, we argue that no existing theory of metaphysical laws is sufficiently general. In this paper, we develop a general theory of grounding laws, proposing that they are generative relations between pluralities of propositions and propositions. We develop the account in an essentialist language; this allows us to state precisely the sense in which grounding might be reduced to laws. We then put the theory to use in showing how moral laws can play a role in grounding particular moral facts, in defending monism about ground, and in showing in what sense there is no gap between the grounds and the grounded. Finally, we make a novel proposal about what grounds facts about ground.
Reduction of pathological retinal neovascularization, vessel obliteration, and artery tortuosity by PEDF protein in an oxygen‐induced ischemic retinopathy rat model
Authors: Zhao Shiying , Tschulakow Alexander V. , Karthikeyan Subha S. , Wang Kun , Kochanek Stefan , Schraermeyer Ulrich , Julien‐Schraermeyer Sylvie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a severe retinal disease in premature infants characterized by pathological neovascularization, obliteration of retinal vessels and increased vessel tortuosity. Currently, there are no completely satisfactory treatments for ROP. Pigment epithelium‐derived factor (PEDF), a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis, appears late in gestation and its deficiency may be linked to development of ROP. This study investigates the preclinical efficacy of PEDF protein alone or in combination with VEGF antagonists for treating ROP. The safety of PEDF protein in the rat eye was assessed using functional in vivo measurements and histology. The efficacy of intravitreal injections (IVI) of various treatments was evaluated in a rat oxygen‐induced retinopathy (OIR) model using in vivo imaging and flatmount analyses. No functional or histological side‐effects were found in rat eyes after intravitreal PEDF protein injection. PEDF protein alone or combined with anti‐VEGF drugs significantly reduced pathological neovascularization and vessel obliteration, comparable to the effects of anti‐VEGF drugs alone. Regarding arterial tortuosity, treatment with a combination of PEDF, and VEGF antagonist was more effective than treatment with anti‐VEGF alone. IVI of PEDF protein is safe. PEDF protein alone or combined with VEGF antagonists shows similar efficacy in reducing pathological neovascularization and vessel obliteration as anti‐VEGF agents. Furthermore, only treatments involving PEDF protein, alone or with VEGF antagonists, significantly improved the quality of retinal vasculature. Thus, PEDF protein alone or combined with anti‐VEGF agents presents a promising alternative to current anti‐VEGF treatments for ROP.
Management of Patients Treated With Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Stent Implantation: The PERSEO Registry
Authors: Sciahbasi Alessandro , De Rosa Salvatore , Gargiulo Giuseppe , Giacoppo Daniele , Calabrò Paolo , Talarico Giovanni Paolo , Zilio Filippo , Talanas Giuseppe , Tebaldi Matteo , Andò Giuseppe , Rigattieri Stefano , Misuraca Leonardo , Cortese Bernardo , Musuraca Gerardo , Lucci Valerio , Guiducci Vincenzo , Renda Giulia , Zezza Luigi , Versaci Francesco , Giannico Maria Benedetta , Caruso Marco , Fischetti Dionigi , Colletta Mauro , Santarelli Andrea , Larosa Claudio , Iannone Alessandro , Esposito Giovanni , Tarantini Giuseppe , Musumeci Giuseppe , Rubboli Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
In patients on oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent, international guidelines endorse the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) rather than vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT) rather than triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT). The aim of this study was to evaluate contemporary real-world data on antithrombotic regimens and outcome in patients on OAC undergoing PCI with stent. Consecutive patients on OAC undergoing PCI were enrolled in the multicenter, prospective, observational PERSEO registry (NCT03392948). Primary end point was net adverse clinical events (NACE) with VKA versus DOAC, whereas a secondary prespecified end point was NACE with DAT versus TAT both at 1-year follow-up. From February 2018 to February 2022; in total, 1234 consecutive patients were included. The main indication for OAC was atrial fibrillation (86%), and the mean CHA2DS2VASc and HAS-BLED scores were 4 ± 2 and 3.6 ± 1, respectively. Of the 1228 patients discharged alive, 222 (18%) were on VKA and 1006 (82%) on DOAC (P < 0.01). DAT was employed in 197 patients whereas TAT in 1028. At follow-up, NACE rate was significantly higher than VKA compared with DOAC (23% vs. 16%, P = 0.013) and confirmed after propensity score adjustment. TAT and DAT did not differ as regards NACE rate (17% vs. 19%, P = 0.864) although, compared with TAT, DAT was associated with less major bleedings (2% vs. 5%, P= 0.014), confirmed after propensity score adjustment. In conclusion, in patients on OAC undergoing PCI, DOAC, compared with VKA, was associated with a significantly lower occurrence of NACE and DAT reduced bleedings compared with TAT.
Levosimendan as an Antidote in Experimental Calcium Channel Blocker Intoxication
Authors: Levijoki Jouko M. , Kivikko Matti , Pollesello Piero 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
The effects of the calcium sensitizer levosimendan on hemodynamics and survival in guinea pigs intoxicated with the calcium blockers verapamil or diltiazem were evaluated in a randomized controlled study. One hundred four animals were randomized to be intoxicated with either verapamil (2.0 mg/kg) or diltiazem (4.5 mg/kg) and thereafter further randomized into 6 groups which received either saline (control), 3 different regimes of levosimendan, calcium chloride, and levosimendan combined with calcium chloride. The hemodynamics and survival of the animals were followed for 60 minutes after intoxication.
The negative inotropic effect of calcium blockers was seen as a decrease by over 70% of the positive derivative of the left ventricular pressure. This was reversed by levosimendan. Moreover, both verapamil and diltiazem-induced marked hypotension (−69% and −63% of the baseline value, respectively) which was also reversed by levosimendan. The combined levosimendan and calcium chloride treatment had a synergistic effect in reversing verapamil or diltiazem-induced deterioration in hemodynamics.
Both verapamil and diltiazem intoxications decreased the survival rate of guinea pigs to 13%. Levosimendan addition improved survival dose-dependently up to a survival rate of 75% and 88% in the verapamil and diltiazem groups, respectively. Low dose of levosimendan combined with calcium chloride improved survival in verapamil and diltiazem group to 88% and 100%, respectively.
In conclusion, the administration of levosimendan improved hemodynamics and survival in calcium channel blocker intoxicated guinea pigs. The synergistic effect of levosimendan and calcium chloride suggests that this combination could be an effective antidote in calcium channel blocker intoxications.
Fetal Urinary Obstruction and Intervention for Sacrococcygeal Teratoma: A Case Report From Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Maryanne Muthoni , Wanyonyi Sikolia , Mugambi Stanley 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Fetal lower urinary tract obstruction is a rare condition commonly associated with significant perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly when detected in the second trimester. The concurrent presentation of a recto-urethral fistula with membranous urethral atresia and sacrococcygeal teratoma has not been reported. We describe a case of extrinsic fetal lower urinary tract obstruction related to a recto-urethral fistula, diagnosed at 33 weeks gestation and managed by serial vesicocentesis until 38 weeks. This case, notable for its absence of hypoplasia despite late diagnosis, resulted in a term delivery of a male infant. After delivery, pediatric surgeons performed an abdominal perineal resection of the tumor. Fetal vesicocentesis remains a viable management option for patients without access to intrauterine surgical interventions.
Assessment of the risk of bowel obstruction after laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Mitra Rajarshi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the incidence of adhesion-related readmissions and surgery for adhesive bowel obstruction (BO) in patients who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery for rectal cancer. Laparoscopic surgery is generally believed to be associated with a lower rate of postoperative adhesion formation compared with open surgery.

Materials and Methods
A thorough and systematic search was conducted across multiple comprehensive databases to identify relevant studies for inclusion in this systematic review. The purpose of this search was to ensure a comprehensive and unbiased selection of studies to provide a robust foundation for the subsequent analysis.

Result
In this review, a total of 10 studies were involved on BO risk in laparoscopic and open surgery for rectal cancer. This study consistently showed that laparoscopic surgery carried a lower risk of postoperative BO compared with open surgery. Six studies in the review supported this finding.

Conclusions
Laparoscopic surgery shows a significant reduction in adhesive BO compared with open surgery, as indicated by this systematic review. However, more well-designed randomized trials involving diverse patients are needed to confirm these benefits. Further research is necessary to gain a clearer understanding of the advantages of laparoscopic surgery in reducing the risk of BO.
CX3CR1+ macrophages interact with HSCs to promote HCC through CD8+ T-cell suppression
Authors: Jeong Jong-Min , Choi Sung Eun , Shim Young-Ri , Kim Hee-Hoon , Lee Young-Sun , Yang Keungmo , Kim Kyurae , Kim Min Jeong , Chung Katherine Po Sin , Kim Seok-Hwan , Byun Jin-Seok , Eun Hyuk Soo , Jeong Won-Il 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
HSCs contribute to HCC progression by regulating multiple factors. However, the entire immunoregulatory functions of HSCs are still obscure. Here, we aim to investigate whether HSCs impose CX3CR1+ macrophages to protumorigenic properties in the peritumoral area.

Approach and Results:
In single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of patients with HCC, a subpopulation of macrophages specifically expressed Arg1 and Cx3cr1 in the peritumoral area and were highly enriched with retinol metabolism–related genes. Flow cytometry analysis showed significantly increased frequencies of CD14+CD11b+HLA-DR− macrophages with CX3CR1 in the HCC adjacent region where α-smooth muscle actin–expressing activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) showed colocalized expression of CX3CL1. Accordingly, in tumor-bearing mice, Cx3cl1 mRNA expression was notably increased in aHSCs within the adjacent HCC, where infiltration of CX3CR1+Ly6C+ macrophages was mostly observed with decreased CD8+ T cells. In adoptive transfer and in vitro coculture of myeloid cells, we demonstrated that CX3CR1+Ly6C+ macrophages migrated and highly expressed arginase-1 by interacting with retinoid-enriched aHSCs in the adjacent HCC. Direct treatment of retinoids or coculturing with retinol-storing mouse aHSCs or human LX-2 cells significantly increased arginase-1 expression in CX3CR1+Ly6C+ macrophages and human blood CD14+ cells, leading to the suppression of CD8+ T-cell proliferation. Moreover, genetic deficiency of CX3CR1 in myeloid cells or pharmacological inhibition of retinol metabolism remarkably attenuated HCC development.

Conclusions:
We showed that CX3CR1+Ly6C+ macrophages migrate and interact with aHSCs in the peritumoral region where retinoids induce arginase-1 expression in CX3CR1+Ly6C+ macrophages, subsequently depriving CD8+ T cells of arginine and promoting HCC.
CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION AS A LATE COMPLICATION OF SYPHILITIC CHORIORETINITIS MANAGED WITH INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT
Authors: Couto Ana Paula , Provenzano Giovanna , Vianna Raul N. G. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose.
To report a rare case of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) developed three years after acquired syphilitic chorioretinitis successfully treated with intravitreal aflibercept.

Methods.
Case report.

Results.
A 44-year-old woman with bilateral decreased vision and a history of syphilitic chorioretinitis 3 years prior to presentation. Her best-corrected visual acuity was <20/400 in the right eye and 20/70 in the left eye. There was no evidence of anterior chamber or vitreous inflammation. Fundoscopy revealed a fibrovascular macular lesion associated with hemorrhages in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral CNV. After ruling out other systemic diseases, the diagnosis of CNV as a late complication of syphilitic chorioretinitis was established. Although treatment was not recommended in the right eye, the left eye was treated with 3 monthly intravitreal injections of aflibercept as a solo therapy. Three weeks after the last injection, the visual acuity improved to 20/25 and remained stable at the 6-month follow-up with no evidence of CNV reactivation.

Conclusion.
Choroidal neovascular membranes can occur as a late complication of syphilitic chorioretinitis. Solo treatment with intravitreal injections of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor aflibercept effectively controlled CNV activity and improved visual acuity.
Comparison of long-term visual quality after keratorefractive lenticule extraction and implantable collamer lens V4c for high myopia
Authors: Zhan Biyun , Huang Yangyi , Chen Xun , Aruma Aruma , Cheng Mingrui , Wang Xiaoying , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:To compare the long-term refractive outcomes and visual quality after keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx) and EVO-implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation for high myopia.Setting:Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.Design:Retrospective study.Methods:This study included 31 KLEx-treated patients (31 eyes, spherical equivalent: −7.62 ± 1.22 diopters [D]) and 32 ICL-treated patients (32 eyes, spherical equivalent: −8.22 ± 1.18 D). Refractive outcomes and objective visual quality were examined. Subjective visual quality was evaluated by a customized questionnaire. Patients' satisfaction was graded.Results:5 years postoperatively, the efficacy (KLEx: 0.96 ± 0.20; ICL: 1.03 ± 0.20;P= .164) and safety indices (KLEx: 1.12 ± 0.20; ICL: 1.21 ± 0.19;P= .067) were comparable. Statistically higher proportions of ICL-treated eyes achieved a postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better (P= .035). Refractive predictability was similar between the 2 groups (P= .947), whereas more KLEx-treated eyes had myopic refractive errors (P< .001). Total coma was significantly higher after KLEx (P= .020), and greater total trefoil was observed after ICL implantation (P= .006). Haloes were the primary visual disturbance in both groups (KLEx: 64.5%; ICL: 93.8%). The incidences of haloes (P< .001), glare (P= .004), and starbursts (P= .043) were notably higher after ICL implantation. The patient's satisfaction scores were similar (KLEx: 9.10 ± 1.27; ICL: 9.10 ± 1.27;P= .894).Conclusions:For high myopia, EVO-ICL yielded better long-term refractive outcomes than KLEx. Haloes were the chief concern in both groups, with a significantly higher incidence after ICL implantation.
A case report on acquired reactive perforating collagenosis
Authors: Su Yuanting , Cui Wei 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis (ARPC) is a rare perforating skin disease with unclear pathogenesis, often leading to misdiagnosis. Utilizing noninvasive skin microscopy improves diagnostic accuracy while reducing misdiagnosis rates.Patient concerns:Given its association with systemic diseases, comprehensive examinations are crucial for early detection of related diseases such as tumors. Clinically, it still lacks standardized guidelines for the treatment. Clinical treatment is mostly based on symptomatic treatment. Oral administration of pregabalin capsules can significantly relieve itching symptoms, and narrow-wave ultraviolet irradiation can accelerate the recovery of skin lesions.Diagnosis:Dermoscopy and skin biopsy was used to confirm this case was ARPC.Interventions:Treatment was based on oral administration of 20 mg prednisone, 1 tablet of loratadine, 1 tablet of pregabalin in the morning and evening, and external application of halomethasone ointment.Outcomes:Itching symptoms were significantly relieved.Conclusion:This case report demonstrates that clinical dermoscopy can improve the diagnosis rate of ARPC, and pregabalin capsules can significantly relieve itching symptoms.
A Nationwide Analysis of Complications, Reoperations, and Cost of Wide-Awake Flexor Tendon Repairs
Authors: Kammien Alexander J. , Rancu Albert L. , Kim Samuel , Parikh Neil , Grauer Jonathan N. , Colen David L. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Some articles suggest that wide-awake flexor tendon repair (FTR) may reduce rates of postoperative tendon gapping and rupture because of improved intraoperative testing of the repair. The current study is a nationwide cohort study comparing FTRs performed wide-awake and with traditional anesthesia.

Methods:
Patients undergoing zone II FTR between 2010 and 2022 were identified in PearlDiver. Exclusion criteria were other tendon repairs, concomitant treatment for vascular injury, fracture, dislocation or amputation, inpatient or office surgery, age younger than 18 years, and less than 1 year of follow-up. Patients were stratified by anesthesia technique: traditional anesthesia (general anesthesia, monitored anesthesia care, regional blocks) or wide-awake anesthesia. Patients were matched based on age, sex, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score, geographic region, insurance coverage, number of tendon repairs, and presence of concomitant nerve repair. Thirty-day wound complications, emergency department visits and readmissions, and 1-year reoperations were identified. Total reimbursement for surgery was determined.

Results:
Each matched cohort included 2563 patients. Wide-awake patients had fewer 30-day emergency department visits (2.7% versus 4.8%). There were no differences in 30-day wound complications or readmissions. There was no difference in 1-year reoperations for rupture or stiffness. Multivariable linear regression identified wide-awake surgery to be significantly associated with lower total reimbursement.

Conclusion:
Performing digital FTR using wide-awake techniques can reduce costs, but the hypothesis that wide-awake repairs may reduce rates of tendon rupture was not supported by the current study.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.