bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifts in subsistence type and its impact on the human skull's morphological integration
Authors: Paschetta Carolina , De Azevedo Soledad , González Marina , Quinto‐Sánchez Mirsha , Cintas Celia , Varela Hugo , Gómez‐Valdés Jorge , Sánchez‐Mejorada Gabriela , González‐José Rolando 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveHere we evaluate morphological integration patterns and magnitudes in different skull regions to detect if shifts in morphological integration are correlated to the appearance of more processed (softer) diets.MethodsTo do so, three transitional populations were analyzed, including samples from groups that inhabited the same geographical region and for which the evidence shows that major changes occurred in their subsistence mode. Ninety three‐dimensional landmarks were digitized on 357 skulls and used as the raw data to develop geometric morphometric analyses. The landmark coordinates were divided into several different regions of biomechanical interest, following a three‐level hierarchically nested scheme: the whole skull, further subdivided into neurocranium (divided into the vault and basicranium), the facial (divided into the lower and upper facial), and the masticatory apparatus (divided into alveolar, temporal, and temporo‐mandibular joint).ResultsOur results indicate that the morphological integration and variability patterns significantly vary across skull regions but are maintained across the transitions. The alveolar border and the lower facial are the regions manifesting greater value of morphological integration and variability, while the upper facial, the temporo‐mandibular joint, and the basicranium are highly integrated and poorly variable.ConclusionsThe transition to softer diets increased morphological variation across cranial regions that are more exposed to masticatory strains effects. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:118–128, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Disabling low back pain associated with night shift duration: sleep problems as a potentiator
Authors: Takahashi Masaya , Matsudaira Ko , Shimazu Akihito 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundWe investigated how night shift duration and sleep problems were jointly associated with disabling low back pain (LBP) among workers in different occupations.MethodsAn online‐survey was conducted regarding work schedules, disabling LBP, sleep problems, and other relevant factors in 5,008 workers who were randomly selected from a market research panel. Multiple logistic regression analyses determined the joint associations of night shift duration (0 [permanent day shift], <8, 8–9.9, 10–15.9, ≥16 hr) and sleep problems (no, yes) with disabling LBP adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsA night shift ≥16 hr was associated with a significant increase in the likelihood of disabling LBP. The magnitude of this association was elevated when participants perceived sleep problems including both sleep duration and quality.ConclusionAssociations between extended night shifts and disabling LBP became stronger in the presence of short or poor quality sleep. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:1300–1310, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Amino‐Substituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by the Sequential Reaction between Aryl Alkynyl Carboxylic Acids and Amines
Authors: Choi Jinseop , Park Kyungho , Lim Jeongah , Jung Hyun Min , Lee Sunwoo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAmino‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were obtained by the reaction between aryl alkynyl carboxylic acids and amines in the presence of a copper catalyst. The hydrocarbons were obtained in good yield without the need to isolate the 1,4‐diaryl‐1,3‐butadiyne intermediate. The best result was obtained using a combination of CuCl and Cu(OTf)2, and the reactions of cyclic and acyclic secondary amines afforded the desired products.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Bearing a Benzofuran Moiety
Authors: Nazir Rashid , Meiling Till T. , Cywiński Piotr J. , Gryko Daniel T. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractFive π‐expanded α,β‐unsaturated ketones have been prepared from a strongly electron‐rich benzofuran derivative via Knoevenagel reaction and aldol condensation. The incorporation of two 6‐didodecylaminobenzofuran‐2‐yl groups at the periphery of D‐π‐A and D‐π‐A‐π‐D molecules resulted in dyes with excellent solubility in the majority of organic solvents. In contrast to the majority of α,β‐unsaturated ketones, these dyes emit relatively strongly in the red region with a fluorescence quantum yield up to 40 %. They also display strong solvatofluorochromism with emission shifting from 570 nm in toluene to 670 nm in CHCl3. Depending on the chemical structure, they two‐photon cross‐sections (σ2) are up to 1700 GM (1 GM=1050 cm4 s photon−1).
Negative pressure wound therapy‐assisted dermatotraction for the closure of large open wounds in a patient with non‐clostridial gas gangrene
Authors: Ishida Kenichiro , Noborio Mitsuhiro , Nishimura Tetsuro , Ieki Yohei , Shimahara Yumiko , Sogabe Taku , Ehara Naoki , Saoyama Yuki , Sadamitsu Daikai 
Published: June 2015

CaseA 53‐year‐old woman developed septic shock associated with non‐clostridial gas gangrene. She presented to the emergency department with two large open wounds on both thighs and in her sacral region. Non‐enhanced computed tomography showed air density in contact with the right iliopsoas, which extended to the posterior compartment of the thigh. We made repeated efforts at surgical debridement of the wound with resection of necrotic tissues.OutcomeUsing negative pressure wound therapy‐assisted dermatotraction, the pus pockets and the wound dehiscence decreased in size. Using this method we were successful in achieving delayed closure without skin grafts.ConclusionNegative pressure wound therapy can be an effective treatment for large and infected open contoured wounds. Negative pressure wound therapy‐assisted dermatotraction might be beneficial for poorly healing, large, open wounds in patients in poor condition and with insufficient reserve to tolerate reconstructive surgery.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct CH Arylation of Isoxazoles at the 5‐Position
Authors: Shigenobu Masashi , Takenaka Kazuhiro , Sasai Hiroaki 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed direct arylation of isoxazoles with aryl iodides has been achieved. The CH bond at the 5‐position is activated selectively to give coupling products in moderate to good yields. This direct arylation was applied to the synthesis of a spiro‐type chiral ligand, which proved to be most effective to the palladium‐catalyzed tandem cyclization of a dialkenyl alcohol.
Energetic Insight into the Formation of Solids from Aluminum Polyoxocations
Authors: Reusser Dana , Casey William H. , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe ε‐Keggin [AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12]7+ ion (AlAl127+) is a metastable precursor in the formation of aluminum oxyhydroxide solids. It also serves as a useful model for the chemistry of aluminous mineral surfaces. Herein we calculate the enthalpies of formation for this aqueous ion and its heterometal‐substituted forms, GaAl127+ and GeAl128+, using solution calorimetry. Rather than measuring the enthalpies of the MAl127/8+ ions directly from solution hydrolysis, we measured the metathesis reaction of the crystallized forms with barium chloride creating an aqueous aluminum solution monospecific in MAl127/8+. Then, the contributions to the heat of formation from the crystallized forms were subtracted using referenced states. When comparing the aqueous AlAl127+ ion to solid aluminum (oxy)‐hydroxide phases, we found that this ion lies closer in energy to solid phases than to aqueous aluminum monomers, thus explaining its role as a precursor to amorphous aluminum hydroxide phases.
Amino Azaxylylenes Photogenerated from o‐Amido Imines: Photoassisted Access to Complex Spiro‐Poly‐Heterocycles
Authors: Mukhina Olga A. , Kuznetsov Dmitry M. , Cowger Teresa M. , Kutateladze Andrei G. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractUpon irradiation, cyclic imines containing o‐amido groups are shown to produce reactive intermediates, amino azaxylylenes, which undergo intramolecular cycloadditions to tethered unsaturated pendants to yield complex N,O‐heterocycles having an additional spiro‐connected nitrogen heterocyclic moiety. Modular assembly of the photoprecursors allows expeditious increase of the complexity of the target poly‐heterocyclic scaffolds with a minimal number of experimentally simple reaction steps. The photocyclization and subsequent postphotochemical transformations are accompanied by an increase of Lovering's fsp3 factor, thus producing unprecedented three‐dimensional molecular architectures, and offering extended sampling of chemical space.
Sb‐intercalated layered double hydroxides–poly(vinyl chloride) nanocomposites: Preparation, characterization, and thermal stability
Authors: Liu Shu‐Ting , Zhang Ping‐Ping , Yan Kang‐Kang , Zhang Yuan‐Hu , Ye Ying , Chen Xue‐Gang 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, a novel
‐intercalated layered double hydroxide (Sb‐LDH) was prepared by simultaneous recovering of LDH structures and intercalation of
into LDH layers. The prepared Sb‐LDH composites remain the hydrotalcite structure with layered geometry and show higher thermal property than that of LDH. When applied to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) composites, Sb‐LDH showed limited thermal stability for PVC at the early stage of thermal and thermooxidative degradation processes. However, Sb‐LDH could retard the thermal cracking of the carbonaceous conjugated polyene of PVC which may hinder further degradation, and the moderate amount of Sb‐LDH (1, 2, and 5 wt %) in PVC resin can retard the process of decarbonation and enhance char formation. Sb‐LDH also promoted the transparency of PVC but darkened the color. With the advantages of transparency promotion, high temperature resistance, and long‐term stability, the prepared Sb‐LDH is a potential thermal stabilizer for PVC resins. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42524.
Structure effect of thin film polypropylene view by dielectric spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction: Application to dry type power capacitors
Authors: Kahouli Abdelkader , Gallot‐Lavallée Olivier , Rain Pascal , Lesaint Olivier , Heux Laurent , Guillermin Christophe , Lupin Jean‐Marc 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThis work reports on the relationship between structure and dielectric properties of biaxially oriented polypropylene. The morphology of semicrystalline bioriented isotactic polypropylene films is investigated using wide angle X‐ray diffraction and Polarized Optical Microscopy. A β‐orthorhombic structure, with a crystallinity ratio of about 46%, and “Crater” morphology of the β‐form is identified. Dielectric properties are measured by Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy over a wide temperature range (−150 to 125°C). Since the dissipation factor of the PP is very low, special care was taken to obtain valid data. Two main relaxation processes are observed: a α‐relaxation peak associated to the glass transition temperature (Tg) at temperature about −7°C, and a broad β*‐relaxation at about −60°C, partly attributed to CH orientation. The variation of the dissipation factor versus sample thickness (from 3.8 to 11.8 µm) is correlated and partly explained by the increase of crystallinity ratio and lamella size at larger thicknesses. It comes out that the thinnest film seems perfectly meet the application requesting, namely lowest dissipation factor and highest permittivity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42602.
Neural commitment of human pluripotent stem cells under defined conditions recapitulates neural development and generates patient‐specific neural cells
Authors: Fernandes Tiago G. , Duarte Sofia T. , Ghazvini Mehrnaz , Gaspar Cláudia , Santos Diana C. , Porteira Ana R. , Rodrigues Gonçalo M. C. , Haupt Simone , Rombo Diogo M. , Armstrong Judith , Sebastião Ana M. , Gribnau Joost , Garcia‐Cazorla Àngels , Brüstle Oliver , Henrique Domingos , Cabral Joaquim M. S. , Diogo Maria Margarida 
Published: June 2015

AbstractStandardization of culture methods for human pluripotent stem cell (PSC) neural differentiation can greatly contribute to the development of novel clinical advancements through the comprehension of neurodevelopmental diseases. Here, we report an approach that reproduces neural commitment from human induced pluripotent stem cells using dual‐SMAD inhibition under defined conditions in a vitronectin‐based monolayer system. By employing this method it was possible to obtain neurons derived from both control and Rett syndrome patients' pluripotent cells. During differentiation mutated cells displayed alterations in the number of neuronal projections, and production of Tuj1 and MAP2‐positive neurons. Although investigation of a broader number of patients would be required, these observations are in accordance with previous studies showing impaired differentiation of these cells. Consequently, our experimental methodology was proved useful not only for the generation of neural cells, but also made possible to compare neural differentiation behavior of different cell lines under defined culture conditions. This study thus expects to contribute with an optimized approach to study the neural commitment of human PSCs, and to produce patient‐specific neural cells that can be used to gain a better understanding of disease mechanisms.
Integrated cell and process engineering for improved transient production of a “difficult‐to‐express“ fusion protein by CHO cells
Authors: Johari Yusuf B. , Estes Scott D. , Alves Christina S. , Sinacore Marty S. , James David C. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTBased on an optimized electroporation protocol, we designed a rapid, milliliter‐scale diagnostic transient production assay to identify limitations in the ability of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to produce a model “difficult‐to‐express” homodimeric Fc‐fusion protein, Sp35Fc, that exhibited very low volumetric titer and intracellular formation of disulfide‐bonded oligomeric aggregates post‐transfection. As expression of Sp35Fc induced an unfolded protein response in transfected host cells, we utilized the transient assay to compare, in parallel, multiple functionally diverse strategies to engineer intracellular processing of Sp35Fc in order to increase production and reduce aggregation as two discrete design objectives. Specifically, we compared the effect of (i) co‐expression of ER‐resident molecular chaperones (BiP, PDI, CypB) or active forms of UPR transactivators (ATF6c, XBP1s) at varying recombinant gene load, (ii) addition of small molecules known to act as chemical chaperones (PBA, DMSO, glycerol, betaine, TMAO) or modulate UPR signaling (PERK inhibitor GSK2606414) at varying concentration, (iii) a reduction in culture temperature to 32°C. Using this information, we designed a biphasic, Sp35Fc‐specific transient manufacturing process mediated by lipofection that utilized CypB co‐expression at an optimal Sp35Fc:CypB gene ratio of 5:1 to initially maximize transfected cell proliferation, followed by addition of a combination of PBA (0.5 mM) and glycerol (1% v/v) at the onset of stationary phase to maximize cell specific production and eliminate Sp35Fc aggregation. Using this optimal, engineered process transient Sp35Fc production was significantly increased sixfold over a 12 day production process with no evidence of disulfide‐bonded aggregates. Finally, transient production in clonally derived sub‐populations (derived from parental CHO host) screened for a heritably improved capability to produce Sp35Fc was also significantly improved by the optimized process, showing that protein‐specific cell/process engineering can provide a solution that exceeds the limits of genetic/functional diversity within heterogeneous host cell populations. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 2527–2542. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Concurrent determination of olanzapine, risperidone and 9‐hydroxyrisperidone in human plasma by ultra performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection method: application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Siva Selva Kumar M. , Ramanathan M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA simple and sensitive ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method has been developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of olanzapine (OLZ), risperidone (RIS) and 9‐hydroxyrisperidone (9‐OHRIS) in human plasma in vitro. The sample preparation was performed by simple liquid–liquid extraction technique. The analytes were chromatographed on a Waters Acquity H class UPLC system using isocratic mobile phase conditions at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min and Acquity UPLC BEH shield RP18 column maintained at 40°C. Quantification was performed on a photodiode array detector set at 277 nm and clozapine was used as internal standard (IS). OLZ, RIS, 9‐OHRIS and IS retention times were found to be 0.9, 1.4, .1.8 and 3.1 min, respectively, and the total run time was 4 min. The method was validated for selectivity, specificity, recovery, linearity, accuracy, precision and sample stability. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range 1–100 ng/mL for OLZ, RIS and 9‐OHRIS. Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions for OLZ, RIS and 9‐OHRIS were found to be good with the coefficient of variation <6.96%, and the accuracy ranging from 97.55 to 105.41%, in human plasma. The validated UPLC method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of RIS and 9‐OHRIS in human plasma. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
WS2 Nanowires as a High‐Performance Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Yongchang , Zhang Ning , Kang Hongyan , Shang Minghui , Jiao Lifang , Chen Jun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe report the synthesis and anode application for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) of WS2 nanowires (WS2 NWs). WS2 NWs with very thin diameter of ≈25 nm and expanded interlayer spacing of 0.83 nm were prepared by using a facile solvothermal method followed by a heat treatment. The as‐prepared WS2 NWs were evaluated as anode materials of SIBs in two potential windows of 0.01–2.5 V and 0.5–3 V. WS2 NWs displayed a remarkable capacity (605.3 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1) but with irreversible conversion reaction in the potential window of 0.01–2.5 V. In comparison, WS2 NWs showed a reversible intercalation mechanism in the potential window of 0.5–3 V, in which the nanowire‐framework is well maintained. In the latter case, the interlayers of WS2 are gradually expanded and exfoliated during repeated charge–discharge cycling. This not only provides more active sites and open channels for the intercalation of Na+ but also facilitates the electronic and ionic diffusion. Therefore, WS2 NWs exhibited an ultra‐long cycle life with high capacity and rate capability in the potential window of 0.5–3 V. This study shows that WS2 NWs are promising as the anode materials of room‐temperature SIBs.
Perfluoroalkyl and ‐aryl Zinc Ate Complexes: Generation, Reactivity, and Synthetic Application
Authors: Wang Xuan , Hirano Keiichi , Kurauchi Daisuke , Kato Hisano , Toriumi Naoyuki , Takita Ryo , Uchiyama Masanobu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA combination of dimethylzinc, perfluoroalkyl iodide, and LiCl afforded a new type of perfluoroalkyl (RF) zinc ate complex. These complexes show much greater thermal stability than conventional perfluorinated metal species, such as RF–lithium species and Grignard reagents, and they can be used at room temperature or higher. The results of DFT calculations on the origin of the enhanced stability are reported and the synthetic utility of RF‐zincate complexes is demonstrated.
Utility ofCD54,CD229, andCD319 for the identification of plasma cells in patients with clonal plasma cell diseases
Authors: Pojero Fanny , Flores‐Montero Juan , Sanoja Luzalba , Pérez José Juan , Puig Noemí , Paiva Bruno , Bottcher Sebastian , van Dongen Jacques J. M. , Orfao Alberto ,   on behalf of the EuroFlow group
Published: June 2015

BackgroundMultiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) identification and characterization of plasma cells (PCs) is a useful tool to support diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring of PC diseases (PCD). Currently, the number of MFC markers suited for the identification of PC remains limited. Moreover, antibody therapies against PC‐associated markers further compromise the utility of the most widely used reagents (e.g., CD38). Despite markers other than CD38 and CD138 are recognized as potentially useful PC‐identification markers, no study has comparatively evaluated their performance in combination with CD38 and CD138. Here we compared the utility of CD229, CD54, and CD319 for the identification of normal and aberrant PCs.MethodsBone marrow (BM) samples from 5 healthy controls, two noninfiltrated nonHodgkin lymphoma cases and 46 PCD patients plus 3 extraosseous plasmocytomas, and normal peripheral blood (PB) specimens, were studied.ResultsOur results showed adequate performance of all three markers once combined with CD38. In contrast, when combined with CD138 for the identification of PC, only CD229 provided a good discrimination between PCs and all other cells for all BM and PB samples analyzed; in contrast, CD54 and CD319 showed limited utility for the identification of PCs, mainly because of significant overlap of the staining for these two markers on PCs and other myeloid cells in the sample.ConclusionsFrom the three markers evaluated, CD229 may be considered as the most reliable marker to replace CD38 or CD138 for the identification of PCs in patients undergoing anti‐CD38 or anti‐CD138 therapy, until a better alternative is available. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Multiple functions of Maf in the regulation of cellular development and differentiation
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Guo Zhi‐Min 
Published: June 2015

SummaryCellular muscular aponeurotic fibrosarcoma (c‐Maf) is a member of the large macrophage‐activating factor family. C‐Maf plays important roles in the morphogenetic processes and cellular differentiation of the lens, kidneys, liver, T cells and nervous system, and it is particularly important in pancreatic islet and erythroblastic island formation. However, the exact role of c‐Maf remains to be elucidated. In this review, we summarize the research to clarify the functions of c‐Maf in the cellular development and differentiation. The expression of c‐Maf is higher in pancreatic duct cells than in pancreatic islet cells. Therefore, we suggest that pancreatic duct cells may be converted to the functional insulin‐secreting cells by regulating c‐Maf. © 2015 National Natural Science Foundation of China. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.