bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant TSC-Rheb axis in Oxytocin receptor+ cells mediate stress-induced anxiety
Authors: Tabaka Olivia , Lawal Saheed , Triana Rodrigo Del Rio , Hou Mian , Fraser Alexandra , Gallagher Andrew , Ruiz Karen San Agustin , Marmarcz Maggie , Dickinson Matthew , Oliveira Mauricio M. , Klann Eric , Shrestha Prerana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStress is a major risk for the onset of several maladaptive processes including pathological anxiety, a diffuse state of heightened apprehension over anticipated threats1. Pathological anxiety is prevalent in up to 59% of patients with Tuberous Sclerosis complex (TSC)2, a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) caused by loss-of-function mutations in genes for Tuberin (Tsc2) and/or Hamartin (Tsc1) that together comprise the eponymous protein complex. Here, we generated cell type-specific heterozygous knockout ofTsc2in cells expressing oxytocin receptor (OTRCs) to model pathological anxiety-like behaviors observed in TSC patient population. The stress of prolonged social isolation induces a sustained negative affective state that precipitates behavioral avoidance, often by aberrant oxytocin signaling in the limbic forebrain3,4. In response to social isolation, there were striking sex differences in stress susceptibility in conditional heterozygote mice when encountering situations of approach-avoidance conflict. Socially isolated male mutants exhibited behavioral avoidance in anxiogenic environments and sought more social interaction for buffering of stress. In contrast, female mutants developed resilience during social isolation and approached anxiogenic environments, while devaluing social interaction. Systemic and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-specific inhibition of downstream effector of TSC, the integrated stress response (ISR), rescued behavioral approach toward anxiogenic environments and conspecifics in male and female mutant mice respectively. Further, we found thatTsc2deletion in OTRCs leads to OTR-signaling elicited network suppression, i.e., hypofrontality, in male mPFC, which is relieved by inhibiting the ISR. Our findings present evidence in support of a sexually dimorphic role of prefrontal OTRCs in regulating emotional responses in anxiogenic environments, which goes awry in TSC. Our work has broader implications for developing effective treatments for subtypes of anxiety disorders that are characterized by cell-autonomous ISR and prefrontal network suppression.
Workplace bullying and job outcomes: intersectional effects of gender and culture
Authors: Zheng Connie , Nauman Shazia , Jahangir Nida Usman 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis study explores the under-researched phenomenon of workplace bullying against women in male-dominated Pakistani society, highlighting its severe impacts and bridging the research gap on intersectional effects of gender and cultural dynamics in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachUsing a mixed-method research approach, we conducted two-wave surveys with 308 female workers in Pakistan's educational and health sectors. Data analysis examined relationships between workplace bullying and job outcomes like productivity and satisfaction, complemented by insights from in-depth interviews with 18 female workers.FindingsThe study reveals that workplace bullying significantly undermines job productivity, increases emotional exhaustion mediated by job anxiety and decreases job satisfaction among female workers. Bullying persists due to weak institutions and inadequate law enforcement, with perceived social support found to be an insignificant moderator.Practical implicationsThe study findings underscore the economic implications of workplace bullying, as it drives female workforce attrition, hindering economic development. The study recommends conflict resolution strategies, effective HR policies, national law enforcement and supportive social networks to combat bullying and create a conducive work environment.Social implicationsThis study aligns with the UN's SDG goals #5 (gender equality) and #8 (decent work and economic growth), addressing pertinent issues related to workplace bullying in pursuit of these global objectives.Originality/valueThis study represents a unique attempt to address the intersectional dynamics of gender and culture concerning workplace bullying in Pakistan.
Do environmental awareness and food safety information nudges enhance youth’s affinity to safer food consumption? Findings from an experiment in Nepal
Authors: Khanal Aditya R. , Timilsina Ram Hari , Dhungana Purushottam 
Published: June 2024

PurposeUnsafe food consumption results in adverse health conditions, foodborne illness and undernutrition among households and communities. The consumption of food contaminated with harmful microorganisms or with harmful pesticide residuals results in adverse health conditions and undernutrition. However, there are a number of challenges to maintaining food safety in the food systems of developing countries, like Nepal, where awareness of food safety is low and research on these issues is lacking.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted an experiment among youth aged between 20 and 26 years in Nepal to assess their food safety awareness and affinity to safer fresh produce choices. In the classroom setting experimentations with and without information nudges conducted among 224 youth participants, participants chose one fresh produce packet among the four. We analyzed results using multinomial and mixed logit models appropriate for discrete choice modeling.FindingsWe found that the youth’s perceived higher importance of sustainable food systems and their knowledge levels on microbial contamination and foodborne illnesses play significantly positive roles. The likelihood of choosing microbial safety-labeled fresh produce or both microbial- and chemical safety-labeled fresh produce increased with nudging among those who have some knowledge of microbial contamination and foodborne illnesses – we found that the interaction of nudging and level of knowledge is significantly positive. Youth belonging to higher income classes do not necessarily have a higher affinity to safer fresh produce but with nudging, the higher income class youth have a higher likelihood of choosing safer fresh produce choices.Research limitations/implicationsYouth engagement and their awareness of food safety could be one of the important strategies to potentially develop them as effective promoters, adopters and educators in enhancing food safety in food systems in Nepal. Our predicted premium for food safety attributes points to the potential scope for the emerging market segment or business opportunities augmenting food safety in Nepal.Originality/valueWe examined the factors influencing the safer fresh produce choices among youth in Nepal. We tested whether awareness levels of microbial contamination and foodborne illness and information nudging affect the likelihood of safer fresh produce choice. Then we predicted the willingness to pay (premium) for safety attributes. To the best of our knowledge, none of the previous studies have examined this aspect in Nepal.
Instructor perceptions of active learning in higher education in Oman and students' commitment to the approach
Authors: Al-Amrani Said Nasser 
Published: June 2024

PurposeCreating active learning opportunities requires building a learning culture in which the instructor plays the role of a facilitator, leaving the ultimate responsibility of learning to the student. The question, however, is whether this is happening in practice. This study aims to answer this question through instructors' perceptions of active learning in a higher education institution in Oman.Design/methodology/approachThe study participants were 85 instructors working for a private university in Oman. Data were collected by surveying these instructors' perceptions of active learning practice indicators, such as active teaching strategies and student educational practices. This was followed by interviewing a random sample of the same instructors (N = 10) to obtain a deeper understanding of their implementation of the active learning approach.FindingsData collected through the survey revealed that the shift from passive to active learning in higher education in Oman created a discrepancy between instructors' willingness to practice active learning and learners' unpreparedness to become autonomous learners. The follow-up interview findings confirmed this point, revealing instructors' negative perceptions of student participation and engagement in out-of-class activities.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to investigate the application of active learning in a higher education institution in Oman from the perspective of instructors.
Association between red cell distribution width/serum albumin ratio and diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Zhang Daguan , Zhou Depu , Dai Zhijuan , Wang Jie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that the red cell distribution width (RDW)/serum albumin ratio (RA) is an integrative and new inflammatory marker. RA is associated with clinical outcomes in a variety of diseases, but the clinical value of RDW/RA in the assessment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has not been elucidated. We examined the link between diabetic RA and DKD while controlling for a wide variety of possible confounders.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES: 2009–2018) database from the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital and the Wenzhou Medical University (WMU) database was conducted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between RA and DKD.ResultsOverall, 4513 diabetic patients from the NHANES database (n = 2839) and the WMU (n = 1412) were included in this study; 974 patients were diagnosed with DKD in NHANES and 462 in WMU. In the NHANES cohort, diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with higher RA level had a higher risk of DKD (odds ratio = 1.461, 95% confidence interval: 1.250–1.707, p < 0.00001). After adjusting for confounders and propensity score‐matched (PSM) analysis, both shown RA levels were independently linked to DKD (pAdjust = 0.00994, pPSM = 0.02889). Similar results were also observed in the WMU cohort (p < 0.00001).ConclusionsThe study observes that the RA was an independent predictor of DKD in DM patients. The RA, a biomarker that is cost‐effective and easy‐to‐access, may have potential for risk stratification of DKD.image
The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes among the youth in southern India—An ancillary analysis of the Secular TRends in DiabEtes in India (STRiDE‐I) study
Authors: Nanditha Arun , Susairaj Priscilla , Satheesh Krishnamoorthy , Raghavan Arun , Snehalatha Chamukuttan , Ramachandran Ambady 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe studied the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and its associated risk factors in younger (20 and 39 years) and older individuals (≥40 years) over a 10‐year period.MethodsEpidemiological surveys in 2006 (n = 7066) and 2016 (n = 9848) were conducted in similar urban and rural locations of southern India among people aged ≥20 years. Diagnosis of T2DM was made using World Health Organization criteria. Self‐reported diabetes was verified from medical records. Age and gender standardized prevalence and incidence rates, percentage change in obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were calculated. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated using Poisson regression analyses. Primary study was registered on www.ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT03490136.ResultsIn 10 years, the prevalence of T2DM increased in younger (7.8% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.0001) and older individuals (34% vs. 28.4%, p < 0.0001). After adjusting for age, family history of diabetes, and waist circumference, younger individuals showed a higher percentage increase in prevalence than the older group (PR = 1.36 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–1.62], p = 0.001) versus (PR = 1.11 [95% CI, 1.02–1.20], p = 0.02). Increase in rates of obesity and dyslipidemia was also higher in the younger than in the older individuals. In 10 years, incidence of T2DM increased by 120% (1.1% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.0001) and 150% (5% vs. 2%, p < 0.0001) in the younger and older individuals, respectively.ConclusionsHigher percentage increase in prevalence of T2DM was seen among younger individuals over a 10‐year period. Obesity and family history of diabetes were shown to be the primary contributing factors for the rise in prevalence.image
The importance of ‘place’ and its influence on rural and remote health and well‐being in Australia
Authors: Butterworth Iain , Duggan Timmy , Greene Rodney , McConnell Matthew , Smith James A. , Tegan Susanne , Williams Carmel , Lalchandani Neha , Stearn Amy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThis article explores the crucial role of ‘place’ as an ecological, social and cultural determinant of health and well‐being, with a focus on the benefits and challenges of living rurally and remotely in Australia.ContextThe health system, including health promotion, can contribute actively to creating supportive environments and places that foster health and well‐being among individuals residing in rural and remote locations. For First Nations peoples, living on Country, and caring for Country and its people, are core to Indigenous worldviews, and the promotion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and well‐being. Their forced removal from ancestral lands has been catastrophic. For all people, living in rural and remote areas can deliver an abundance of the elements that contribute to a ‘liveable’ community, including access to fresh air, green and blue space, agricultural employment, tight‐knit communities, a sense of belonging and identity, and social capital. However, living remotely also can limit access to employment opportunities, clean water, affordable food, reliable transport, social infrastructure, social networks and preventive health services. ‘Place’ is a critical enabler of maintaining a healthy life. However, current trends have led to a reduction in local services and resources, and increased exposure to the impacts of climate change.ApproachThis commentary suggests ideas and strategies through which people in rural and remote locations can strengthen the liveability, resilience and identity of their communities, and regain access to essential health care and health promotion services and resources.ConclusionRecommended strategies include online access to education, employment and telehealth; flexible provision of social infrastructure; and meaningful and responsive university‐health service partnerships.
Missing phosphorus legacy of the Anthropocene: Quantifying residual phosphorus in the biosphere
Authors: Margenot Andrew J. , Zhou Shengnan , Xu Suwei , Condron Leo M. , Metson Geneviève S. , Haygarth Philip M. , Wade Jordon , Agyeman Prince C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA defining feature of the Anthropocene is the distortion of the biosphere phosphorus (P) cycle. A relatively sudden acceleration of input fluxes without a concomitant increase in output fluxes has led to net accumulation of P in the terrestrial‐aquatic continuum. Over the past century, P has been mined from geological deposits to produce crop fertilizers. When P inputs are not fully removed with harvest of crop biomass, the remaining P accumulates in soils. This residual P is a uniquely anthropogenic pool of P, and its management is critical for agronomic and environmental sustainability. Managing residual P first requires its quantification—but measuring residual P is challenging. In this review, we synthesize approaches to quantifying residual P, with emphasis on advantages, disadvantages, and complementarity. Common approaches to estimate residual P are mass balances, long‐term experiments, soil test P trends and chronosequences, with varying suitability or even limitations to distinct spatiotemporal scales. We demonstrate that individual quantification approaches are (i) constrained, (ii) often complementary, and (iii) may be feasible at only certain time–space scales. While some of these challenges are inherent to the quantification approach, in many cases there are surmountable challenges that can be addressed by unifying existing P pool and flux datasets, standardizing and synchronizing data collection on pools and fluxes, and quantifying uncertainty. Though defined as a magnitude, the distribution and speciation of residual P is relatively less understood but shapes its utilization and environmental impacts. The form of residual P will vary by agroecosystem context due to edaphoclimatic‐specific transformation of the accumulated P, which has implications for management (e.g., crop usage) and future policies (e.g., lag times in P loading from non‐point sources). Quantifying the uncertainty in measuring residual P holds value beyond scientific understanding, as it supports prioritization of monitoring and management resources and inform policy.
Surveying the welfare of farmed fish species on a global scale through the fair‐fish database
Authors: Maia Caroline Marques , Saraiva João Luis , Volstorf Jenny , Gonçalves‐de‐Freitas Eliane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFish welfare is a critical issue that needs to be addressed by the rapidly growing aquaculture industry. Scientific knowledge regarding the natural behaviors of species and the conditions in which they are kept in farms is essential for improving their welfare in aquaculture. To provide a consistent overview of the welfare of farmed fish, the organization fair‐fish has created the online platform fair‐fish database, which gathers ethological knowledge categorized into profiles of farmed aquatic species. The WelfareChecks on this platform are profiles based on criteria that are rated based on the likelihood and potential of the species to experience a high level of welfare in aquaculture systems, together with the certainty about the findings. A score (WelfareScore) is calculated from these ratings, serving as a reference to identify knowledge gaps, assess welfare, and suggest ways to improve it. Here, we performed an in‐depth analysis of the species with WelfareChecks already published in the fair‐fish database based on their respective WelfareScores. In general, although just a small percentage of farmed aquatic species (~5%) have at least a 20% chance of experiencing a good level of welfare under minimal aquaculture conditions, 60% of them have at least some potential to achieve good welfare under high‐standard conditions, with more than a third of the species (~37%) having at least a 20% potential. Despite that, several species exhibit a very high frequency of low chances and potential for experiencing good welfare levels under aquaculture conditions, besides a low degree of certainty based on literature reviews. Furthermore, many others show a very frequent occurrence of unclear or nonexistent knowledge in their profiles. The current welfare state is therefore poor for the majority of farmed aquatic species; yet, there is considerable potential for improvement. However, many species are very unlikely to achieve good welfare, even under high‐standard conditions. Importantly, large knowledge gaps remain for an accurate assessment of the welfare of several farmed species.
Unveiling the Larsen effect in the scientific literature domain: Navigating quality amidst the artificial intelligence‐driven deluge
Authors: D'Aniello Luca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe challenges faced by the massive increase in scientific publications draw parallels to the Larsen effect, where an amplified sound loop leads to escalating noise. This phenomenon has resulted in information overload, making it difficult for researchers to stay updated and identify significant findings. To address this, knowledge synthesis techniques are recommended. These methods help synthesize and visualize large bodies of literature, aiding researchers in navigating the expanding information landscape. Furthermore, artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing tools, such as text summarization, offer innovative solutions for managing information overload. However, the overuse of AI in producing scientific literature raises concerns about the quality and integrity of research. This manuscript highlights the need for balanced use of AI tools and collaborative efforts to maintain high‐quality scientific output while leveraging the benefits of extensive research.
Solow's attempt to revive the concept of ‘social rate of return’ and Pasinetti's critique
Authors: Kurz Heinz D. , Salvadori Neri 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe paper deals with Robert Solow's attempt to revive the concept of the ‘social rate of return’ and Luigi Pasinetti's critique of it. By means of this concept Solow thought to be able to circumnavigate the capital theoretical attack on the marginalist theory by claiming that the rate of interest is an accurate measure of, and can be seen as being determined by, the ‘social rate of return’. His analysis focused on a switch‐point between two techniques, in which, alas, the rate of interest is already fixed. Pasinetti objected that, by construction, Solow established the opposite of what he thought he had done. Since in a switch‐point also the prices of capital goods are known, the ‘quantity of capital’ employed is fixed: it depends on the rate of interest and therefore cannot be taken as given independently of it and the corresponding system of prices.
Learning from patient safety incidents: The Green Cross method
Authors: Jacobsen Hilde Kristin , Ballangrud Randi , Birkeli Gørill Helen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundHospitals can improve how they learn from patient safety incidents. The Green Cross method, a proactive reporting and learning method, is one strategy to meet this challenge. In it, nurses play a key role. However, describing its impact on learning from the users' perspective is important.AimThis study aimed to describe nurses' experiences of learning from patient safety incidents before and 3 months after implementing the Green Cross method in a postanaesthesia care unit.Study DesignA qualitative study with an inductive descriptive design with focus group interviews was conducted before and 3 months after implementing the Green Cross method to assess its impact. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The study was conducted in a postanaesthesia care unit in a Norwegian hospital trust.ResultsBefore implementing the Green Cross method, participants indicated limited openness and learning, including the subcategories ‘Lack of openness hampers learning’, ‘Adverse events were taken seriously’ and ‘Insufficient visible improvements’. After implementing the Green Cross method, participants indicated the emergence of a learning environment, including the subcategories ‘Transparency increases learning’, ‘Increased patient safety awareness’ and ‘Committed to quality improvements’.ConclusionsImplementing the Green Cross method in a postanaesthesia care unit positively impacted openness and nurses' patient safety awareness, which is crucial for learning and improving quality.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe Green Cross method could be useful for organizational learning and facilitating learning from patient safety incidents through transparency, discussion and involvement of nursing staff.