bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood transfusion is associated with impaired outcome after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Seiffert Moritz , Conradi Lenard , Terstesse Ann Christine , Koschyk Dietmar , Schirmer Johannes , Schnabel Renate B. , Wilde Sandra , Ojeda Francisco M. , Reichenspurner Hermann , Blankenberg Stefan , Schäfer Ulrich , Treede Hendrik , Diemert Patrick 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the relationship of blood transfusion after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and mid‐term outcome to improve patient selection and periprocedural treatment.BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests a negative influence of blood transfusion on outcomes of patients with cardiovascular diseases. While the adverse impact of bleeding events on survival has been documented after TAVI, data on the impact of postoperative blood transfusions are scarce.MethodsTAVI was performed in 700 consecutive patients; 14.7% of TAVI patients suffered from bleeding or access site complications and were excluded from analysis to minimize confounding. Outcomes were analyzed with emphasis on blood transfusions and according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium definitions. Median follow‐up duration was 364 days. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify predictors for transfusion and 1‐year mortality.Results33.0% of patients received blood transfusions after TAVI, irrespective of access choice. Blood transfusions were associated with a higher baseline risk profile (median logistic EuroSCORE 21.0 vs. 17.0%), increased rates of postoperative complications and impaired survival (21.2 vs. 36.1% all‐cause 1‐year mortality). Transfusion was an independent predictor of mortality at 1 year (OR 2.78 [CI 1.59–4.86]). Low body mass index (OR 0.94 [0.89–1.0]), low baseline hemoglobin (OR 0.39 [0.33–0.47]) and combined anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy were identified as independent predictors of blood transfusion after TAVI.ConclusionsBlood transfusions were frequently required after TAVI even in the absence of overt bleeding or access site complications and were identified as an independent predictor of impaired mid‐term outcome. Optimization of baseline factors, strict blood conservation strategies, and individualized antiplatelet or anticoagulant regimens may improve outcome after TAVI. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mesoporous Poly(melamine–formaldehyde): A Green and Recyclable Heterogeneous Organocatalyst for the Synthesis of Benzoxazoles and Benzothiazoles Using Dioxygen as Oxidant
Authors: Yang Daoshan , Liu Peng , Zhang Ning , Wei Wei , Yue Mingbo , You Jinmao , Wang Hua 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA simple, highly efficient, and sustainable strategy for the synthesis of benzoxazole and benzothiazole derivatives was developed by using inexpensive, green, readily available, and recyclable mesoporous poly(melamine–formaldehyde) as a green, heterogeneous organocatalyst. The corresponding substituted benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles were obtained in good to excellent yields by aerobic oxidation of o‐substituted aminobenzenes with various aldehydes under dioxygen atmosphere. The catalyst can be completely recovered through simple filtration to be reused more than six times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Effects of Topography and Local Geological Structure on Computing Co‐Seismic Deformation—A Case Study of the 2011 Japan Tohoku Earthquake (Mw 9.0)
Authors: Xiao‐Guang LIN , Wen‐Ke SUN 
Published: October 2014

AbstractUsing 2‐D finite element numerical simulation and considering the 2011 Japan Mw 9.0 Tohoku Earthquake as a case study, we studied the effects of topography, layer structure and local geological structure on the calculation of co‐seismic deformations. Double nodes are used as the fault slip surface; the homogeneous, layered, and models with terrain as well as the subduction plate are used to examine the influence of different physical factors respectively. The results reveal that the topography has a non‐negligible effect, reaching from –1.25 to 1.31 m for horizontal displacement, and from –0.89 to 0.44 m for vertical displacement, with the relative effects of 26% and 55%, respectively. The effects are even larger when the topography and regional geologic structure are considered, reaching the range of –1.78∼0.8 m and –1.4∼0.64 m for horizontal and vertical displacement, respectively; the corresponding relative effects are 34% and 92%, respectively. The results also indicate that the effect of the regional geological structure is larger than that of the layer structure. In summary, the effects of the acute change of the topography, especially the seamount and regional geological structure are very large and can be detected by modern geodetic measurements, such as GPS and InSAR. Therefore, the topography and geologic structure should be considered in calculating co‐seismic deformations.
Experimental Study on the Relationship Between Reservoir Permeability and Its Formation Resistivity Factor
Authors: Zhong‐Hua LIU , Shu‐Qin WU , Bao‐Hui DU , Chao‐Liu LI , Song HU , Fu‐Qiang ZENG 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTo improve the evaluation of low permeability reservoirs with strong heterogeneity by using electrical logging data, it is essential to correctly understand the relation of formation permeability to its resistivity factor. In this paper, a comprehensive analysis is made on the assorted experimental data obtained from the Bohai Bay Basin, including porosity, permeability, NMR T2 spectrum, rock resistivity, mercury injection, X‐ray diffraction, casting thin sections and so on. For the same group of core samples, the relation of formation resistivity factor to permeability, average pore throat radius and reservoir quality index is further studied separately. Each result is compared to the relation of formation resistivity factor to porosity. The study reveals that the relation of formation permeability to its resistivity factor is not monotonic, and core samples with similar porosity but different pore structure quality and permeability can have close electrical conductivity. The reasonability of this phenomenon is further proved with theoretical analysis. It is also found that the difference of permeability is related to the square of the ratio of average pore throat, pore tortuosity and geometry for core samples with similar porosity and electrical conductivity.
An Efficient Prins Cyclization for Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydropyran from Imines and Homoallyl Alcohols
Authors: Liu Congrong , Cheng Daojuan , Yang Fulai 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn unprecedented protocol has been developed for the efficient synthesis of substituted tetrahydropyrans via a bismuth‐promoted Prins cyclization of imines with homoallyl alcohols. In the presence of 40 mol% BiCl3, a wide variety of imines react smoothly with homoallyl alcohols at room temperature to give the corresponding 4‐chlorotetrahydropyran derivatives in good to excellent yields.
Hybrid Liquid Crystals from the Self‐Assembly of Surfactant‐Encapsulated Polyoxometalate Complexes
Authors: Li Wen , Wu Lixin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe construction of nano‐hybrid liquid crystals (LCs) has been intensively pursued because the unique traits of nano‐objects together with the self‐assembly features of LCs allow the development of novel anisotropic materials. Self‐assembly of surfactant‐encapsulated polyoxometalate (SEP) complexes, consisting of nano‐sized cores and organic shells, provides particularly important contribution in this area. The main motivation for developing those nano‐hybrid liquid crystals originates from the added‐value combination between anionic polyoxometalates and cationic surfactants. This account describes recent work in our group to develop thermotropic SEP complexes that result from the sophisticated molecular design. Since the polyoxometalates possess well‐defined topology, strictly mono‐dispersed size, and precise surface charges, it is possible to get more insight into understanding of the influence of nature of components on the thermal property of nano‐hybrid LCs. We briefly describe the general importance and advantage of nano‐hybrid LCs. We then highlight the synthesis and characterization of thermotropic liquid crystals based on polyoxometalate nano‐clusters. The driving forces behind the molecular self‐assembly are discussed in depth. The various factors, including chain length, surfactant density and the size‐matching effect, affecting the interfacial curvature and the LC properties are summarized. We expect that the structure‐property relationships are virtually helpful for the design of new nano‐hybrid LC materials.
Toward Bis C,C‐Glycosyl Compounds and Anomeric γ‐Glycoamino Acids through Michael Addition Reaction of Nitromethane on Z/E Push‐Pull Sugar Olefins
Authors: Richard Mylène , Felten Anne‐Sophie , Didierjean Claude , Ruiz‐Lopez Manuel , Chapleur Yves , Pellegrini‐Moïse Nadia 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe nucleophilic addition of a nitronate anion on push‐pull anomeric sugar olefins has been studied and the results reveal that this reaction opens a new and efficient access to anomeric γ‐nitro esters when applied to furanoglycosylidenes. The 1,4‐addition reaction occurs mainly from the less‐crowded face, i.e. the opposite side to the 4,5‐isopropylidene protecting group. Very different reactivities for E and Z isomers were observed and this experimental finding was rationalized on the basis of quantum mechanical calculations. Chemical manipulation of the nitro function of these bis C,C‐glycosyl compounds led to a series of new γ‐glycoamino acids, which are chiral building blocks that may be useful for the synthesis of glycopeptides oligomers or scaffolds for the construction of bioactive compounds. Under the same reaction conditions, pyranoglycosylidenes were more prone to migration of the double bond than to the expected 1,4 addition reaction.
Synthesis of Soai Type 2‐Arylpyrimidine‐5‐carbaldehydes through Desulfurative Cross‐Coupling with Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Maltsev Oleg V. , Rausch Rodger , Quan Zheng‐Jun , Hintermann Lukas 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA two‐step synthesis of 2‐arylpyrimidine‐5‐carbaldehydes, which are of relevance as substrates for Soai's asymmetric autocatalysis, was realized by exploiting a hidden threefold symmetry in the target core structure. Condensation of Arnold's C3‐symmetric vinamidinium cation with S‐methylisothiouronium sulfate provides 2‐methylsulfanyl‐pyrimidine‐5‐carbaldehyde; introduction of aryl groups at C‐2 of the latter was accomplished by a Liebeskind–Srogl palladium‐catalyzed desulfurative (de‐methylsulfanylative) coupling with aryl boronic acids to obtain the target compounds 1 (14 examples, 60–95 % yield).
Development of an Electrochemical Sensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrode for the Determination of Buprenorphine
Authors: Fakhari Ali Reza , Sahragard Ali , Ahmar Hamid 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this research, we have developed an electrochemical buprenorphine (BN) sensor based on reduced graphene oxide (r‐GO) as an electrode modifier on the screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) surface. BN oxidation pathway was proposed using voltammetric studies and with the aid of Density Functional Theory (DFT). The effects of various parameters including pH, modifier amount, accumulation time, and accumulation potential on the oxidation peak current of BN were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the linear response range and the limit of detection were obtained as 0.50–100 µM and 0.16 µM (S/N=3) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), respectively. The selectivity of the modified electrode in the presence of potential interferences was also studied, and finally the electrode was successfully employed for the determination of BN in spiked urine samples.
Simultaneous Determination of Cu‐EDTA and Its Degradation Intermediates by Capillary Electrophoresis with a Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detector
Authors: Lan Shenyu , Xiong Ya , Tian Shuanghong , Sun Lianpeng , Xie Tianyao , Wang Xin , Kong Lingjun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA method of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D) was developed to detect Cu‐EDTA and its degradation intermediates simultaneously. The target compounds included oxalic acid, EDTA, Cu‐EDTA, glyoxylic acid, iminodiacetic acid, formic acid and copper ion. The optimum electrophoretic conditions were determined by varying the running solution, injection voltage, injection time, and separation voltage. The anions in the reaction solution were separated and detected successfully under the conditions of 20 mmol L−1 acetate acid, electrokinetic injection of −13 kV×10 s, and separation voltage of −15 kV. Furthermore, copper ion was detected when 20 mmol L−1 acetate acid solution, electrokinetic injection of +11 kV×6 s and separation voltage of +13 kV were applied. The detection method was verified to track the degradation of Cu‐EDTA with H2O2/UV.
Numerical models of RC elements and their impacts on seismic performance assessment
Authors: Huang Xu , Kwon Oh‐Sung 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThis paper aims to provide a guideline for numerical modeling of reinforced concrete (RC) frame elements for the seismic performance assessment of a structure. Several types of numerical models of RC frame elements are available in nonlinear structural analysis packages. Because the numerical models are formulated based on different assumptions and theories, the models' accuracy, computing time, and applicability vary, which poses a great difficulty to practicing engineers and limits their confidence in the analysis results. In this study, the applicability of five representative numerical models of RC frame elements is evaluated through comparison with 320 experimental results available from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research column database. The accuracy of a numerical model is evaluated according to its initial stiffness, peak strength, and energy dissipation capacity of the global responses. In addition, a parametric study of a cantilever RC column subjected to earthquake excitation is carried out to systematically evaluate the consequence of the adopted numerical models on the maximum inelastic structural responses. It is found from this study that the accuracy of the numerical models is sensitive to shear force demand–capacity ratio. If a structural period is short and the structure is shear critical, the use of numerical models that can explicitly capture the shear deformation and failure is suggested. If the structural period is long, the selection of a numerical model does not greatly influence the global response of the structure. The paper also presents statistical parameters of each numerical model, which can be used for probabilistic seismic performance assessment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seismic reliability assessment of lifeline networks using clustering‐based multi‐scale approach
Authors: Lim Hyun‐Woo , Song Junho , Kurtz Nolan 
Published: October 2014

SummarySeismic reliability assessment of lifeline networks gives rise to various technical challenges, which are mostly caused by a large number of network components, complex network topology, and statistical dependence between component failures. For effective risk assessment and probabilistic inference based on post‐hazard observations, various non‐simulation‐based algorithms have been developed, including the selective recursive decomposition algorithm (S‐RDA). To facilitate the application of such an algorithm to large networks, a new multi‐scale approach is developed in this paper. Using spectral clustering algorithms, a network is first divided into an adequate number of clusters such that the number of inter‐cluster links is minimized while the number of the nodes in each cluster remains reasonably large. The connectivity around the identified clusters is represented by super‐links. The reduced size of the simplified network enables the S‐RDA algorithm to perform the network risk assessment efficiently. When the simplified network is still large even after a clustering, additional levels of clustering can be introduced to have a hierarchical modeling structure. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed multi‐scale approach are demonstrated successfully by numerical examples of a hypothetical network, a gas transmission pipeline network, and a water transmission network. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dating alluvial fan surfaces in Owens Valley, California, using weathering fractures in boulders
Authors: D'Arcy Mitch , Roda Boluda Duna C. , Whittaker Alexander C. , Carpineti Alfredo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA wide range of sedimentological and geomorphological field research depends on the availability of accurate and detailed depositional age models. Although exposure dating techniques such as cosmogenic nuclide and luminescence dating are now widely available, they remain expensive and time‐consuming, and this frequently limits the density of age constraints and the resolutions of age models for many study areas. We present a simple and effective, field‐based approach for extending and correlating existing age models to un‐dated surfaces. In Owens Valley, California, we make use of detailed beryllium‐10 (10Be) chronologies reported for four different alluvial fan systems, to precisely calibrate the rate at which weathering fractures are enlarged in granitic surface boulders. We show that these fractures have widened at a time‐integrated rate of 1.05 ± 0.03 mm ka−1 for at least 140 ka at this location, and this relationship can be represented by a linear regression that makes them ideal chronometers for surface dating. Our analysis offers a new approach to refining the uncertainties of both surface erosion rate and cosmogenic age estimates at this location. Ultimately, we integrate our observations to devise a robust age calibration for clast fracture widths in Owens Valley, and we demonstrate its application by estimating the ages of 27 additional local fan surfaces. We present an updated and extended stratigraphy for eight Sierra Nevada fan systems in total, with exceptional age control. This novel approach to dating sedimentary surfaces is inexpensive and easily applied in the field, and has the potential to significantly increase the temporal and spatial density of age constraints available for a particular study area. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The fire performance and fire‐resistance design of aluminium alloy I‐beams
Authors: Zheng Yong‐Qian , Zhang Zheng 
Published: October 2014

SummaryIn this paper, the temperature fields of unprotected and protected aluminium‐alloy I‐beams heated on three sides were calculated using the finite element method. The calculated temperature results were compared with the incremental temperature rise formulas specified in Eurocode 9. Next, finite element models were developed to simulate the flexural behaviour and the flexural–torsional buckling behaviour of aluminium‐alloy I‐beams under fire. The calculated results were validated by experimental data acquired at both ambient and high temperatures. Subsequently, simplified formulas for calculating critical temperatures for 5083‐H112 and 6060‐T66 aluminium‐alloy beams were proposed based on parametric analysis, and the results obtained using these formulas were compared against equivalent values calculated in accordance with Eurocode 9 standards. In terms of engineering applications, findings indicate that increases in the load level, the global stability coefficient, and the ratio of fireboard thickness to thermal conductivity reduce the critical temperatures of aluminium‐alloy beams. In most cases, designs using the method of checking load bearing capacity at high temperature published in the Eurocode 9 would tend to be conservative. Finally, when the global stability coefficient was greater than 0.8, the critical temperatures in some regions measured slightly higher than the calculated simplified value. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Cathode Materials for the Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer (AEM)
Authors: Manolova M. , Schoeberl C. , Bretzler R. , Freudenberger R. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn anion exchange membrane electrolyzer (AEM) should combine the positive qualities of the Alkaline Water Electrolysis and the proton exchange membrane (PEM) Electrolysis – compactness, environmentally friendly, effectively and being economically priced. Here, we present improvements of the used substrate materials and of the deposited coatings for developing an AEM with such characteristics. Ni‐wire mesh, stainless steel non‐woven fabrics and stainless steel web were tested as cathode substrate. Base alloys of NiWTiOx, CoNiMoW, CoMn, porous Ni, and porous Ni with TiOx were potentiostatically and galvanostatically deposited. The effect of a single substrate and electrolyte component is graphically shown. We established that, the rougher the structure of an alloy is, the better the electrochemical properties are. The cathode separators were analyzed through EDS‐analysis, light microscopy and REM‐investigations. The electrochemical characterizing was performed galvanostatically in 1 M KOH. The combination substrate‐alloy, which shows the very best electrochemical properties, will be tested in real conditions.
The Meth Project and Teen Meth Use: New Estimates from the National and State Youth Risk Behavior Surveys
Authors: Anderson D. Mark , Elsea David 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this note, we use data from the national and state Youth Risk Behavior Surveys for the period 1999 through 2011 to estimate the relationship between the Meth Project, an anti‐methamphetamine advertising campaign, and meth use among high school students. During this period, a total of eight states adopted anti‐meth advertising campaigns. After accounting for pre‐existing downward trends in meth use, we find little evidence that the campaign curbed meth use in the full sample. We do find, however, some evidence that the Meth Project may have decreased meth use among White high school students. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GCLR Web Seminars as a Venue for Transformative Educational Policy
Authors: Angay‐Crowder Tuba , Albers Peggy , Pace Christi L. , Jung Jin Kyeong Frances , Hwang Ju A , Pang Myoung Eun 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis article features a discussion about the significance of global perspectives in shaping critical literacy through a web seminar project, Global Conversations in Literacy Research (GCLR). Ubiquitous media and worldwide communication via Internet change the perceptions about literacy and language, urging critical discussions around literacy among educators with global and local connections. In this column, we demonstrate how chat discussions at GCLR web seminars initiate critical questions and thoughts among teachers, scholars and researchers from diverse background. Finally, we offer how these critical topics such as curriculum and issues of assessment inform the transformative agenda of educational policy.
Students Can Purposefully Create Information, Not Just Consume It
Authors: Lapp Diane , Fisher Douglas , Frey Nancy , Gonzalez Alex 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSocial media has become adolescents' primary platform for communicating with one another. As a school faculty we wanted to explore our students' ability to contribute new information while being sensitive not to co‐opt their out of school literacies for school‐based purposes.This article shares how teachers in one urban school redesigned curriculum and instruction to provide experiences that encourgaed and supported students as they engaged in the production side of social media.