bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FRACTIONATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EPIDERMAL STRATUM CORNEUM IN BULLOUS CONGENITAL ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA (BCIE)
Authors: Yoshiike Takashi , Negi Makoto , Hattori Michihiro , Ogawa Hideoki 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe stratum corneum obtained from seven cases of bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (BCIE) and one case of Vörner type keratosis palmaris et plantaris (KPP) was fractionated into keratin fibers, soluble proteins, and cell membranes. To study the fractions, SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used for the keratin fibrous and soluble fractions and amino acid analysis was employed for the membraneous fraction. In the electrophoresis of the keratin fibrous fractions, the 55,000 dalton band was either absent or greatly reduced in BCIE, whereas almost normal patterns were obtained in Vörner type KPP. The soluble fractions from BCIE demonstrated abnormal patterns in different cases on electrophoresis. Amino acid compositions of the keratin fibrous and membraneous fractions in BCIE were identical to those of the normal control. It is suggested that, as the 55,000 dalton constituent of keratin fibrous protein is absent or greatly reduced, this is a specific characteristic of BCIE, and that biochemical changes differ for BCIE and Vörner type KPP, which have been thought to be essentially identical due to their histological and electron‐microscopic similarity.
CULTURE OF UNINVOLVED AND INVOLVED PSORIATIC AND NORMAL EPIDERMIS WITH 3T3 FEEDER LAYERS
Authors: Kondo Shigeo , Sato Kumi , Hozumi Yutaka , Aso Kazuo 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTIsolated cells of uninvolved and involved psoriatic and normal epidermis have been cultured with 3T3 feeder layers. The efficiency of colony formation in the involved psoriatic epidermal cells was 50% as high as that in the uninvolved. No differences were observed between the uninvolved and involved psoriatic epidermal cell growth assessed by measuring the size of the growing colonies. Histologically, the structure of psoriatic colonies as revealed by electron microscopy did not differ from that of healthy control skin, having several layers of stratified epidermal cells with incomplete keratinization. The cyclic AMP level stimulated by the addition of isoproterenol to the involved psoriatic cell culture was about 50% as high as that in the uninvolved.
THE REMOVAL OF ANTI‐DNA ANTIBODIES IN VITRO USING DNA COMBINED IMMUNOADSORBENT MATRICES
Authors: Taneda Akio , Miyazawa Yoriko , Ogawa Hideoki , Hirotsu Toshihiro 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTAn important approach to the treatment of auto‐immune diseases is the selective removal of specifically pathogenic antibodies from the blood. This study reports the effectiveness of using DNA‐combined immuno‐absorbent matrixes for the removal of anti‐DNA antibodies in vitro. Sera obtained from patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) were used, as the pathogenesis of SLE is partially mediated by antibodies against DNA (1). A series of DNA‐combined immuno‐absorbent matrices was prepared using several different approaches, and the adsorption of anti‐DNA antibodies from the SLE sera was investigated on these matrices. A comparison was then made between these matrices and commercially available adsorbents with respect to their adsorbing abilities and their stability in sera. Readings of the following were also made before and after the reaction; pH, albumin, globulin, CH50, compliments C5, C4, C5, DNA, DNA and anti‐DNA antibodies complex ratios. Of the adsorbents investigated, the newly prepared immuno‐adsorbent matrix of DNA, glow discharge treated DNA‐PVA on cotton gauze, proved to be the most effective in reducing the anti‐DNA antibodies and immune complex levels specifically, while remaining relatively non‐toxic to the host.
EFFECT OF A PROTEASE INHIBITOR [N,N‐DIMETHYL‐CARBAMOYLMETHYL 4‐(4‐GUANIDINOBENZOYLOXY)‐PHENYLACETATE] METHANESULFATE OF THE GROWTH OF MOUSE SKIN CARCINOMA IN THE RAPID GROWING STAGE
Authors: Ohkoshi Motohiro , Fujii Setsuro 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe oral administration of synthetic broad spectrum protease inhibitor, [N,N‐dimethylcarbamoylmethyl 4‐(4‐guanidinobenzoyloxy)‐phenylacetate] methanesulfate, was used to challenge 3‐methylcholanthrene‐induced skin carcinoma in the rapid growing stage.This preparation was administered as a 0.1% addition in diet or in a dose of 75 mg/kg twice a day to 26 mice harboring solid tumors. This protease inhibitor prolonged the survival time in the cancer bearing mice.These results suggest that the oral administration of inhibitors of kinin‐forming proteases such as trypsin, plasmin, and kallikrein exerts an antitumor effect on malignant tumors.
LAW OF RECIPROCITY IN UV ERYTHEMA AND CELL KILLING
Authors: Kobayashi Misaki 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe dose rate effect of ultraviolet light (UV) was investigated from a view point of the law of reciprocity both in vivo and in vitro. The reciprocity in UV erythema reaction was examined in seven excision repair deficient xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patients with monochromatic UV at wavelengths of 255 nm and 290 nm using a 1% neutral filter (NF) to reduce UV intensity to 1/100. For the in vitro study, the reciprocity in UV cell killing was examined in four normal and three excision repair deficient XP fibroblast strains using varied intensities to 1/100 at 254 nm.As in the results obtained by Satoh et al. in normal subjects, the law of reciprocity did not hold for erythema reaction in XP patients at 255 nm when the dose rate was changed a hundred fold. In the XP patients, the minimal erythema dose (MED) required by 1/100 intensity was on the average 1.57 times higher for 255 nm and 1.12 times higher for 290 nm as compared with MED without NF. On the other hand, the law of reciprocity was found to hold for cell killing in both normal and XP cells by 254 nm UV at the intensity range of 1:100.
DE‐(HYPO)PIGMENTATION MECHANISMS OF THE AFFECTED AREA OF PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR
Authors: Hattori Michihiro , Ogawa Hideoki , Takamori Kenji , Gritiyaranson Pimonpun , Kotarajaras Renoo 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTSkin surface lipids were extracted from the affected area of Pityriasis versicolor (P. versicolor). Their inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity in vitro was analysed and the amount of dicarboxylic acid in the lipids determined. Dicarboxylic acids have been found to be capable of inhibiting tyrosinase in vitro to varying extents; however, (3) in this study, no inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity was observed in the extracted lipids. Even so, 0.341 μg of C12 and 0.768 μg of C14 dicarboxylic acid was measured per 1 mg of the extracted lipids from the affected area. These values were found to be almost twice as high as those taken from the normal area. The possibility that this level of dicarboxylic acid may cause extremely slow depigmentation in the affected area is suggested in this study.
ANTIBIOTIC EFFECTS ON BACTERIAL COUNTS IN SKIN LESIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL STAPHYLOCOCCAL SKIN INFECTIONS IN THE HAMSTER
Authors: Ikeda Masami , Arata Jirô , Kashiwa Naohiro 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTWe studied the microbiological efficacy of antibiotics on skin infections using experimentally induced skin infection in hamsters.Topical gentamicin (GM), intramuscular injection of GM and oral administration of cephalexin (CEX) were used in hamsters against experimentally induced staphylococcal skin infections. Effects were studied as a function of the dose of cephaloridine (CER) injected intramuscularly at a fixed daily frequency. Effects were also studied as a function of the daily frequency of intramuscular injection of CER at a fixed dose. We found no marked differences in the efficacy of topical application, intramuscular injection, and oral administration. In the dosage study, there were no differences in the efficacy when CER was used at the dosage of 20 mg/kg or more. No differences were found in efficacy when CER was injected twice or more times a day.Topical antibiotic treatment has limitations in the management of skin infection. Skin has a moderate repair activity, so an antibiotic can produce a good clinical course even at a lower concentration than the MIC against a causative organism. The antibiotics studied could give constant efficacy when administered at appropriate doses at fixed frequency or in appropriate frequencies at a fixed dosage.
A CASE OF STEWART‐TREVES SYNDROME
Authors: Setoyama Mitsuru , Mera Shuji , Nomoto Shigeru , Tashiro Masa‐Aki 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA case of so‐called postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma occurring 14 years after radical mastectomy and radiation therapy for the left mammary carcinoma was studied histologically, electron‐microscopically and immunohistochemically. The tumor cells formed cellular areas in the deeper dermis and vascular areas in the upper dermis. The tumor cells had round to spindle‐shaped hyperchromatic nuclei and poorly delineated eosinophilic cytoplasm. In an immunohistochemical study for factor VIII relating antigen (F VIII RAG), positive staining was observed in the cytoplasm of some atypical tumor cells lining vascular channels and in that of a few tumor cells in cellular areas. Electron‐microscopically, the tumor cells were similar to vascular endothelial cells.In these studies, this tumor appeared to mimic not only lymphatic vessels, but also blood vessels. For these reasons, the authors propose that the term “angiosarcoma” would be better suited than “lymphangiosarcoma”.
BIOCHEMICAL STUDY ON GANGLIOSIDES IN NEURO‐FIBROMAS AND NEUROFIBROSARCOMAS OF RECKLINGHAUSEN'S DISEASE
Authors: Tsuchida Tetsuya , Otsuka Hideaki , Niimura Michihito , Inoue Yukiko , Kukita Atsushi , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Seyama Yousuke , Yamakawa Tamio 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTGangliosides in neurofibromas and neurofibrosarcomas of Recklinghausen's disease and those of neurilemmomas of non Recklinghausen's disease were investigated. Two types of neurofibromas, cutaneous neurofibromas and plexiform neurofibromas, which are considered to originate from Schwann cells and endoneural fibroblasts, showed almost similar ganglioside compositions; both types contained GM3, GD3, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b as the major gangliosides. These ganglioside compositions resembled those of normal whole sciatic nerve, but not those of the myelin of a normal sciatic nerve hitherto reported. The ganglioside compositions of neurilemmomas, which are also considered to be derived from Schwann cells, resembled those of sciatic nerve myelin. In neurofibrosarcomas, the content of gangliosides with longer carbohydrate chains was remarkably decreased, but not in neurofibromas. This finding indicated that the biochemical analysis of ganglioside compositions of such tumors may be a useful tool for the diagnosis of the malignancy of diseases. Major gangliosides extracted from a big plexiform neurofibroma were identified by TLC, GLC and neuraminidase treatment.
STUDIES OF THE LOW‐MOLECULAR‐WEIGHT KERATINASE INHIBITOR OF HUMAN EPIDERMIS
Authors: Takiuchi Iwao , Koga Miho , Takagi Hisae , Wakimoto Atsuhiko 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA low‐molecular‐weight protease inhibitor of keratinase was isolated from human epidermis extracts.After ultrafiltration through an Amicon YM 5 filter, human epidermal extracts were passed through a CM Cellulofine column. The eluate was then applied on a DEAE Cellulofine column and eluted with 0.1 M NaCl. The resulting material was concentrated by ultrafiltration using an Amicon YC 05 membrane and chromatographed on a Sephadex G‐25 column.These procedures yielded 26.6 units of inhibitor from the original 203.6 units detected after the ultrafiltration through the Amicon YM 5 membrane.The isolated fraction showed a single aminopeptide band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 9.4 and exhibited inhibitory activity against keratinase. The molecular weight of the inhibitor was estimated by gelfiltration on a Sephadex G‐25 column to be approximately 3,200 Daltons.
HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME
Authors: Masuda Toshiki , Arata Jirô 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTA 52‐year‐old woman suffering from eczematous, nodular, prurigo‐like eruptions and systemic disorders including fever and weight loss revealed lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, moderate eosinophilia, elevated levels of IgE, and positive ANA. Although the eosinophil count was not always “over 1500/mm3”, one of the criteria for diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), this case may be considered as mild HES at present. The cause of eosinophilia in this syndrome remains uncertain.
LOCALIZED SCLERODERMA (MORPHOEA)
Authors: Serup Jørgen 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe function of eccrine sweat glands was studied in 12 patients with morphoea by two methods: paper‐disc collection of sweat following pilocarpine iontophoresis, and microscopical counting of sweat pores in a rubber base imprint taken with a material with a comparatively long cure time (Coe‐flexR regular). Control samples were obtained from normal appearing skin of the same individuals. In morphoea plaques, the secretion of sweat per 30 minutes as well as the number of sweat pores per cm2 were reduced (p<0.01, p<0.01). The correlation between the two methods was poor. After pilocarpine iontophoresis, the sweat pore count decreased in scleroderma skin (p<0.01) indicating gland fatigue. Concentrations of sodium and potassium in sweat appeared normal in the plaques as well as in the control sites. Results of the experiments were, altogether, in agreement with the histology showing sweat gland atrophy.Skin microtopography microscopy showed absence of the normal crease pattern to be an obligatory finding in morphoea plaques, sometimes with longitudinal orientation of creases in surrounding skin.Microscopy of skin surface imprints may be valuable as a supplementary method for assessment of skin and sweat gland affliction in scleroderma.
A PECULIAR CORPORAL PIGMENTATION—A PRESUMED VARIANT OF ACROPIGMENTATIO RETICULARIS (KITAMURA)
Authors: Fujita Hidesuke , Nishioka Kazue , Hamanaka Sumiko , Asagami Chidori 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTWe present a 52‐year‐old woman with peculiar pigmentation distributed mainly on the trunk, which morphologically and histopathologically resembled the lesion of acropigmentatio reticularis (Kitamura). Ultrastructural as well as histopathological findings suggested that the lesion of the present case may be regarded as a kind of inflammatory process induced by an immune mechanism against some components of keratinocytes or melanosomes.
PRIMARY CUTANEOUS IgA PLASMACYTOMA
Authors: Nakamura Shinichi , Hoshi Kenji , Onda Shutaro , Kamiya Shunji 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTClinical, laboratory and pathologic findings from a case of IgA (λ‐type) secreting extramedullary plasmacytoma of the skin are presented. The tumors were found first in the skin of the right upper extremity and then in the left maxillary sinus one year later. Materials were examined by peroxidase‐anti peroxidase method (PAP method) and the immunofluorescence method.
IRREGULARLY DISTRIBUTED VARICELLA
Authors: Yoshinaga Aiko , Kojo Yasuko , Hamada Yasuyuki 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTFour cases of varicella with irregularly distributed vesicles were presented. Altered tissue environment accompanied by leakage such as a fresh operation wound, an injection, burns and diaper rash appeared to be involved in the production of irregularly distributed varicella vesicles.
UNUSUAL BODY ODOUR DUE TO A NASAL FOREIGN BODY IN A CHILD
Authors: Eun Hee Chul , Kim Kyu Han , Lee Yoo Shin 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTFoul body odour is sometimes caused by a nasal foreign body. When clinical symptoms such as nasal discharge and obstruction coexist, the diagnosis is easy but it is quite difficult when there are no such symptoms, especially in a child who cannot express his distress. We report the case of a girl 2 years 8 months of age who emitted a generalized foul odour, which initially suggested to us a possible defect in her amino acid metabolism, but which finally proved to be a foul odour due to a nasal foreign body.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY ON THE HEMANGIOMAS IN POEMS SYNDROME
Authors: Imayama Shuhei , Urabe Harukuni 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTWe examined by light and electron microscopy the cutaneous hemangiomas of the POEMS syndrome (1, 2). The reddish papules showed histologic features of a lobulated cellular capillary hemangioma and overlapping features of a pyogenic granuloma and a cherry angioma. Interesting findings of these angiomas were 1) the intravascular endothelial proliferation not in the preexisting large vessels but in the capillaries composing the tumor and 2) the presence of particles resembling Epstein‐Barr virus and fine filamentous structures in the cytoplasma of the intravascular cells.
CHONDROID SYRINGOMA
Authors: Jaimovich Leon , Arcuri Silvia , Tognaccioli Octavio , Zeitlin Eduardo , Woscoff Alberto 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe characteristic features of chondroid syringoma are reviewed and three cases are presented. The first one showed typical localization and clinical features. The second one was remarkable because of the unusual size of the growth. The third patient had an unusual localization of the tumor on the tip of the nose.
A Sulfated Proteoglycan as a Novel Ligand for CD44
Authors: Toyama‐Sorimachi Noriko , Miyasaka Masayuki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe have identified a novel ligand for CD44, a cell surface glycoprotein implicated in tumor metastasis and lymphocyte homing. When the mouse T cell line CTLL‐2 was transfected with cDNA encoding a hemopoietic form of mouse CD44, CTLL‐2 cells exhibited a new self‐adhesive phenotype, forming large aggregates. The aggregation was blocked by neutralizing anti CD44 monoclonal antibody but unaffected by hyaluronidase, indicating the involvement of CD44 and its non‐hyaluronate ligand in the cell aggregation. The ability to induce CD44‐dependent aggregation was found in culture supernatants of CTLL‐2 and its CD44 transfectants. The use of CD44‐immunoglobulin chimeric protein revealed that CTLL‐2 and its transfectants synthesized a large‐molecular weight protein (gp600) which bound specifically to CD44. The gp600 was readily labeled with radioactive sulfate, and treatment of gp600 with chondroitinase ABC or ACII generated a lower molecular weight species (18–22 kDa), suggesting that gp600 consists of a small core protein with chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan side chains. However, binding of CD44 to glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin 4‐sulfate, chondroitin 6‐sulfate, and dermatan sulfate was undetectable, suggesting either that a novel chondroitin‐type glycosaminoglycan is recognized by CD44 or that a particular configuration of the glycosaminoglycan is required for recognition by CD44.
Cadherins in Cutaneous Biology
Authors: Furukawa Fukumi , Takigawa Masahiro , Matsuyoshi Norihisa , Shirahama Shigeho , Wakita Hisashi , Fujita Mayumi , Horiguchi Yuji , Imamura Sadao 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe role of cadherins in cutaneous biology has focused mainly on the classical cadherins, E‐ and P‐cadherin. In this review, roles for cadherins in skin morphogenesis, keratinocyte differentiation, and cancer metastasis are discussed.E‐cadherin is expressed on the surfaces of whole epidermal layer cells, and P‐cadherin is expressed only on the surfaces of basal cells. Ultrastructural studies have shown that E‐cadherin is distributed on the cytoplasmic membranes of keratinocytes with a condensation in the intercellular space of the desmosomes. During human skin development, P‐cadherin expression is spatiotemporally controlled and closely related to the segregation of basal layers as well as to the arrangement of epidermal cells into eccrine ducts. In human skin diseases, E‐cadherin expression is markedly reduced on the acantholytic cells of tissues in pemphigus and also in Darier's disease.Keratinocytes cultured in high calcium produce a much more intense immunofluorescence of intercellular E‐ and P‐cadherin than do cells grown in low calcium. Ultrastructural studies show that E‐cadherin on the cytoplasmic membrane of the keratinocytes is shifted to desmosomes under physiological conditions and therein expresses an adhesion function is association with other desmosomal cadherins.Cell adhesion molecules are now considered to play significant roles in the cellular connections of cancers and metastatic cells. Reduced expression of E‐cadherin on invasive neoplastic cells has been demonstrated for cancers of the stomach, liver, breast, and several other organs. This reduced expression of E‐cadherin is observed in squamous cell carcinoma and Paget's disease.Soluble E‐cadherins in sera are elevated in various skin diseases, including bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris and psoriasis, but not in patients with burns. Markedly high levels in soluble E‐cadherin are demonstrated in patients with metastatic cancers.
Role of Integrins in Cell Adhesion and Polarity in Normal Keratinocytes and Human Skin Pathologies
Authors: De Luca Michele , Pellegrini Graziella , Zambruno Giovanna , Marchisio Pier Carlo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn vitro, normal human keratinocytes reconstitute a differentiated stratified epidermis, maintaining the same gene expression pattern as its in vivo counterpart and are suitable for permanent grafting onto patients. Keratinocyte adhesion to basal lamina and lateral interactions among basal epidermal cells are also mediated by integrin receptors that are sorted to defined plasma membrane domains. The hemidesmosome‐associated integrin α6β4 is sharply localized at the basal surface of basal cells and codistributes with laminin and nicein/kalinin; the α2β1 and α3β1 integrins are enriched laterally and play crucial roles in cell‐cell interaction and proper colony morphology. During wound healing, proliferating and migrating keratinocytes express on their plasma membrane αvβ5 and α5β1, which allow keratinocyte attachment and migration over the provisional matrix present in the wound. TGFβ, which is an autocrine and paracrine mediator in wound healing, specifically increases the synthesis and expression of αvβ5 and α5β1, induces the de novo expression of αvβ6, and determines the loss of integrin polarization. In hyperproliferative skin diseases, such as skin cancer or psoriasis vulgaris, and in normal keratinocytes forced into more frequent cell cycles, the polarized expression of integrins is lost, and α5β1 becomes costitutively expressed on the plasma membrane. In addition, the α6β4 integrin becomes associated with focal contacts. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a potent autocrine stimulator of keratinocyte growth and induces melanocyte migration toward the leading edge of a healing wound. We are currently investigating the NGF‐dependent modulation of integrin expression and function in keratinocytes and melanocytes in both normal epidermis and several hyperproliferative skin diseases.
Novel Experimental Approaches to Melanoma Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Hearing Vincent J. , Gersten Douglas M. , Shrayer David , Law Lloyd W. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe have investigated the potential use of immune therapies on the growth of melanoma metastases in a new animal model that more closely approximates the clinical situation. We have found that significant benefits towards decreased metastatic growth and subsequent animal survival can be achieved by treatment of tumor‐bearing mice with melanoma‐specific monoclonal antibodies or alternatively, with various types of monovalent or polyvalent vaccines. The beneficial effects of those vaccines can be significantly enhanced by concomitant interleukin‐2 therapy.