bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teenage perceptions of electronic cigarettes in Scottish tobacco-education school interventions: co-production and innovative engagement through a pop-up radio project
Authors: de Andrade Marisa , Angus Kathryn , Hastings Gerard 
Published: November 2015

Aims: This article thematically analyses spontaneous responses of teenagers and explores their perceptions of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) with a focus on smoking cessation from data collected for research exploring Scottish secondary school students’ recall of key messages from tobacco-education interventions and any influence on perceptions and behaviours. Methods: E-cigarettes were not included in the research design as they did not feature in interventions. However, in discussions in all participating schools, e-cigarettes were raised by students unprompted by researchers. Seven of 19 publicly funded schools in the region opted to participate. Groups of 13- to 16-year-olds were purposely selected to include a range of aptitudes, non-smokers, smokers, males and females. A total of 182 pupils took part. Data were generated through three co-produced classroom radio tasks with pupils (radio quiz, sitcom, factual interviewing), delivered by a researcher and professional broadcast team. All pupils were briefly interviewed by a researcher. Activities were recorded and transcribed verbatim and the researcher discussed emerging findings with the broadcast team. Data were analysed using NVivo and transcripts making reference to e-cigarettes examined further using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Key themes of their impressions of e-cigarettes were easy availability and price; advertising; the products being safer or healthier, addiction and nicotine; acceptability and experiences of use; and variety of flavours. Conclusions: This was a qualitative study in one region, and perception of e-cigarettes was not an a priori topic. However, it provides insights into youth perceptions of e-cigarettes. How they discerned e-cigarettes reflects their marketing environment. The relative harmlessness of nicotine, affordability of e-cigarettes, coolness of vaping, absence of second-hand harms and availability of innovative products are all key marketing features. Conflicting messages on safety, efficacy, potential ‘gateway’ to smoking and nicotine may be contributing to teenagers’ confusion. The allure of ‘youthful cool’ to vaping offers no public health gain, so children should be protected from misleading promotion. Consistent tobacco-education initiatives need to account for this popular trend.
Genome-wide studies identify a novel interplay between AML1 and AML1/ETO in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Li Yizhen , Wang Huanwei , Wang Xiaoling , Jin Wen , Tan Yun , Fang Hai , Chen Saijuan , Chen Zhu , Wang Kankan 
Published: November 2015

Key Points
Wild-type AML1 and AML1/ETO form a complex on chromatin via binding to adjacent different motifs and interacting through the runt homology domain. The relative binding signals of AML1/ETO and AML1 and AP-1 recruitment determine whether AML1/ETO activates or represses its targets.
Commuting mode and pulmonary function in Shanghai, China
Authors: Gaffney Adam W. , Hang Jing-qing , Lee Mi-Sun , Su Li , Zhang Feng-ying , Christiani David C. 
Published: November 2015

Exposure to air pollution can be particularly high during commuting and may depend on the mode of transportation. We investigated the impact of commuting mode on pulmonary function in Shanghai, China.The Shanghai Putuo Study is a cross-sectional, population-based study. Our primary outcomes were forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) % predicted, and the secondary outcome was spirometric airflow obstruction. We tested the association between mode of transportation and these outcomes after adjusting for confounders.The study population consisted of 20 102 subjects. After adjusting for confounders, the change (95% CI) in FEV1was −2.15% pred (−2.88– −1.42% pred) among pedestrians, −1.32% pred (−2.05– −0.59% pred) among those taking buses without air conditioning, −1.33% pred (−2.05– −0.61% pred) among those taking buses with air conditioning and −2.83% pred (−5.56– −0.10% pred) among those using underground railways, as compared to cyclists (the reference group). The effects of mode on FVC % predicted were in the same direction. Private car use had a significant protective effect on FVC % predicted and the risk of airflow obstruction (defined by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease but not by lower limit of normal criteria).Mode of transportation is associated with differences in lung function, which may reflect pollution levels in different transportation microenvironments.
“Clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of differentiated thyroid cancer in Saudi children and adults”
Authors: Al-Qahtani Khalid Hussain , Tunio Mutahir A. , Al Asiri Mushabbab , Aljohani Naji J. , Bayoumi Yasser , Riaz Khalid , AlShakweer Wafa 
Published: November 2015

Introduction Age is an important prognostic factor in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Our aim was to evaluate differences in clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes among children and adult patients with DTC. Materials and methods We studied 27 children (below 18 years) with DTC treated during the period 2000–2012 and were compared with (a) 78 adults aged 19–25 years and (b) 52 adults aged 26–30 years treated during the same period in terms of their clinicopathological features and long term treatment outcomes. Locoregional recurrence (LRR), locoregional control (LRC), distant metastasis (DM), distant metastasis control (DMC), disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were evaluated. Results Mean age of children was 13.5 years (range: 5–18), while mean age of adults was 24.6 years (range: 19–30). In children, female: male ratio was 2.85:1, and in adults female: male ratio was 7.1:1 ( P = 0.041). No significant difference in tumor size was seen between the two groups ( P = 0.653). According to American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification classification, the children (85.2 %) were found to have at high risk as compared to adults P = 0.001. Post-thyroidectomy complications and RAI induced toxicities were observed more in children than adults ( P = 0.043 and P = 0.041 respectively). LRR occurred in 6 (22.2 %), 9 (11.5 %) and 3 (5.8 %) in age groups of <18 years, 19–25 years and 26–30 years respectively ( P = 0.032); while DM was seen in 10 (37.0 %), 9 (10.3 %) and 5 (9.6 %) in age groups of <18 years, 19–25 years and 26–30 years respectively ( P = 0.002). Ten year DFS rates were 67.3 % in age group below 18 years, 82.4 % in age group of 19–25 years and 90.1 % in age group of 26–30 years ( P = 0.021). Conclusion At the time of diagnosis, children with DTC were found to have more aggressive clinicopathological characteristics. Comparatively lower LRC, DMC and DFS rates in children warrants further multi-institutional studies.
Perbandingan Pengelolaan Pendidikan Agama Pada Sekolah di Indonesia dan Sekolah Republik Indonesia Tokyo
Authors: Nurudin Nurudin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractReligious education is a mandate of national legislation that should be implemented in every school based on the Legislation of National Education System, and as the right ofevery studentto receive religious education in accordance with their own religion. Thisresearch is aimed to get sufficient data and information on the management of religiouseducation in school of the Republic of Indonesia in Tokyo Japan. Specifically this study isexpected to be a policy matter, Firstly, students’ right fulfillment aspect to receive religiouseducation as stated in Legislation Number 20/2003 About the National Education SystemArticle 12 Verse (1) point a. Government Regulation Number 55/2007 aboutreligiouseducation and Religious affair education, and also the Minister of Religious AffairsRegulation Number 16/2010 on the Management of Religious Education in Schools;Secondly, the management of religious teachers and religious education learning in orderto meet the Education National Standards as the authority of the Ministry of ReligiousAffairs that must be implemented optimally in every educational unit.
Perbandingan Kualitas Buku Teks Bahasa Arab Tingkat Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Ma’arif M Syamsul 
Published: November 2015

AbstractChoosing good Arabic textbooks determines the quality of Arabic learning in the classroom . This paper aims to identify and compare the quality of the Arabic languagetext books at Islamic junior high school levelsseen from the aspect of content, presentation, language and graphic . The object of research is the book of D Hidayat, Maman AbdulDjalil and A. Syaekhuddin and Hasan Saefullah . The results showed that all threeof the Arabic language textbooks have advantages and disadvantages . In general, theArabic text book work of A. Syaekhuddin and Hasan Saefullah is better than the othertwo books.
Biomechanics Scholar Citations across Academic Ranks
Authors: Knudson Duane 
Published: November 2015

Summary
Study aim: citations to the publications of a scholar have been used as a measure of the quality or influence of their research record. A world-wide descriptive study of the citations to the publications of biomechanics scholars of various academic ranks was conducted.

Material and methods: Google Scholar Citations was searched for user profiles reporting “biomechanics” as an interest area and data recorded if they had at least one citation to their publications. Total citations, academic rank, and country were recorded for 2,067 scholars from 79 countries. Additional data were collected and analyzed for most cited (top 15%) biomechanics scholars holding the rank of professor.

Results: there was a significant (p < 0.0001) difference in the distribution of citations between all ranks, and all ranks had large variation and were positively skewed. The ranking of the most cited scholar profiles at the rank of professor was influenced by normalizing citation counts for numbers of co-authors.

Conclusions: percentile rank citation data from this study may be useful to supplement peer-evaluation of biomechanics scholar’s Google Scholar publication records, particularly if the number of co-authors contributing their citations is taken into account.
Oxidative damage and the pathogenesis of menopause related disturbances and diseases
Authors: Cervellati Carlo , Bergamini Carlo M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe postmenopausal phase of life is frequently associated in women with subjective symptoms (e.g. vasomotor) and real diseases (atherosclerosis with coronary ischemia, osteoporosis, Alzheimer-type neurodegeneration, urogenital dystrophy), which together determine the post-menopausal syndrome. Observations that oxidative damage by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in experimental models can contribute to the pathogenesis of these disturbances stimulated research on the relationships between menopause, its endocrine deficiency, oxidative balance and the “wellness” in postmenopausal life. The connection among these events is probably due to the loss of protective actions exerted by estrogens during the fertile life. Most recent studies have revealed that estrogens exert an antioxidant action not by direct chemical neutralization of reactants as it was expected until recently but by modulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes that control levels of biological reducing agents. Also nutritional antioxidants apparently act by a similar mechanism. From this perspective it is conceivable that a cumulative control of body oxidant challenges and biological defenses could help in monitoring between “normal” and “pathological” menopause. However, as clinical studies failed to confirm this scenario in vivo, we have decided to review the existing literature to understand the causes of this discrepancy and whether this was due to methodologic reasons or to real failure of the basic hypothesis.
Semi-purification procedures of prions from a prion-infected brain using sucrose has no influence on the nonenzymatic glycation of the disease-associated prion isoform
Authors: Choi Yeong-Gon , Kim Jae-Il , Choi Eun-Kyoung , Carp Richard I. , Kim Yong-Sun 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the Nε-carboxymethyl group is linked to not only one or more N-terminal Lys residues but also to one or more Lys residues of the protease-resistant core region of the pathogenic prion isoform (PrPSc) in prion-infected brains. Using an anti-advanced glycation end product (AGE) antibody, we detected nonenzymatically glycated PrPSc (AGE-PrPSc) in prion-infected brains following concentration by a series of ultracentrifugation steps with a sucrose cushion. In the present study, the levels of in vitro nonenzymatic glycation of PrPSc using sucrose were investigated to determine whether sucrose cushion can artificially and nonenzymatically induce in vitro glycation during ultracentrifugation. The first insoluble pellet fraction following the first ultracentrifugation (PU1st) collected from 263K scrapie-infected brains was incubated with sucrose, glucose or colloidal silica coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (percoll). None of the compounds in vitro resulted in AGE-PrPSc. Nonetheless, glucose and percoll produced AGEs in vitro from other proteins within PU1st of the infected brains. This reaction could lead to the AGE-modified polymer(s) of nonenzymatic glycation-prone protein(s). This study showed that PrPSc is not nonenzymatically glycated in vitro with sucrose, glucose or percoll and that AGE-modified PrPSc can be isolated and enriched from prion-infected brains.
Interdependency Assessment of Coupled Natural Gas and Power Systems in Energy Market
Authors: Yang Hongzhao , Qiu Jing , Zhang Sanhua , Lai Mingyong , Dong Zhao Yang 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Owing to the technological development of natural gas exploration and the increasing penetration of gas-fired power generation, gas and power systems inevitably interact with each other from both physical and economic points of view. In order to effectively assess the two systems’ interdependency, this paper proposes a systematic modeling framework and constructs simulation platforms for coupled gas and power systems in an energy market environment. By applying the proposed approach to the Australian national electricity market (NEM) and gas market, the impacts of six types of market and system factors are quantitatively analyzed, including power transmission limits, gas pipeline contingencies, gas pipeline flow constraints, carbon emission constraints, power load variations, and non-electric gas load variations. The important interdependency and infrastructure weakness for the two systems are well studied and identified. Our work provides a quantitative basis for grid operators and policy makers to support and guide operation and investment decisions for electric power and natural gas industries.
Convective Air Drying Characteristics and Qualities of Non-fried Instant Noodles
Authors: Zhou Man , Xiong Zhouyi , Cai Jie , Xiong Hanguo 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Convective air drying characteristics and qualities of non-fried instant noodles at five temperatures from 80 to 120°C and velocities of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 m/s were investigated. Different mathematical models were fitted to study the drying behaviors and the Logarithmic model was the most adequate in describing the drying tests. Results showed that the drying process occurred in a falling rate periods and the effective moisture diffusivity increased with temperature and velocity, ranging from 4.41×10−8 to 1.75×10−7 m2/s with an activation energy of 16.73 kJ/mol. The rehydration attributes changed with both velocity and temperature. Increasing temperature and velocity decreased hardness, increased cohesiveness and resilience generally while had no impact on springiness. Drying temperature greatly influenced the color of noodles, whereas velocity displayed no significant effect. Microstructural analysis indicated that noodle presented hollow and porous structure with numerous and small voids, which might partly explain their distinct behaviors.
Destabilizing Masculinity: Paul in the Book of Acts and Beyond
Authors: Wilson Brittany E. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn the book of Acts, Luke adapts masculinity according to different narrative contexts, and in the process, ultimately ends up destabilizing masculine norms. To demonstrate Luke’s depiction of an adaptable, yet destabilizing, masculinity, this article focuses on two key episodes involving Paul: (1) Paul’s conversion as recounted in Acts 9, 22, and 26, and (2) Paul’s transition from “Saul” to “Paul” in Acts 13 and its early reception history. In this brief foray into Acts and beyond, we shall see that, according to Luke, being a “man” of God involves reneging self-control and serving a persecuted “Lord”.
A Simple Estimator for Dynamic Models with Serially Correlated Unobservables
Authors: Hu Yingyao , Shum Matthew , Tan Wei , Xiao Ruli 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe present a method for estimating Markov dynamic models with unobserved state variables which can be serially correlated over time. We focus on the case where all the model variables have discrete support. Our estimator is simple to compute because it is noniterative, and involves only elementary matrix manipulations. Our estimation method is nonparametric, in that no parametric assumptions on the distributions of the unobserved state variables or the laws of motions of the state variables are required. Monte Carlo simulations show that the estimator performs well in practice, and we illustrate its use with a dataset of doctors’ prescription of pharmaceutical drugs.
Rapid Modeling Method for Road Traffic Noise Sources: A case study in Beijing
Authors: Zhu L. , Li X. , Jiang C. , Liu L. , Wu R. , Wang W. , Zhang B. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBased on the local road traffic conditions in Beijing, China, this contribution proposes a rapid modeling method for road traffic noise sources. Since establishing the standardized experiment fields are expensive, real roads are used to determine the road traffic noise emission model in the method. Due to the similarity in the urban structures in China and Japan, this paper uses the ASJ- 2013 model as a template and replaces its model parameters with the ones output by an optimization program which minimizes the sum of absolute errors between the predicted and the measured LAeq. Real road experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the modeling method. The mean error of the model deduced by the method and the ASJ-2013 model is respectively 0.4 dB and 2.6 dB, and the mean absolute error of the two models is respectively 1.1 dB and 2.6 dB. The results of the real road experiments show that the road traffic noise sources deduced by the method are more accurate to conduct local noise prediction than those of other models.
On the validity of within-nuclear-family genetic association analysis in samples of extended families
Authors: Bureau Alexandre , Duchesne Thierry 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSplitting extended families into their component nuclear families to apply a genetic association method designed for nuclear families is a widespread practice in familial genetic studies. Dependence among genotypes and phenotypes of nuclear families from the same extended family arises because of genetic linkage of the tested marker with a risk variant or because of familial specificity of genetic effects due to gene-environment interaction. This raises concerns about the validity of inference conducted under the assumption of independence of the nuclear families. We indeed prove theoretically that, in a conditional logistic regression analysis applicable to disease cases and their genotyped parents, the naive model-based estimator of the variance of the coefficient estimates underestimates the true variance. However, simulations with realistic effect sizes of risk variants and variation of this effect from family to family reveal that the underestimation is negligible. The simulations also show the greater efficiency of the model-based variance estimator compared to a robust empirical estimator. Our recommendation is therefore, to use the model-based estimator of variance for inference on effects of genetic variants.
XAFS Analysis of Crystal GeCu2Te3 Phase Change Material
Authors: Kamimura Kenji , Kimura Koji , Hosokawa Shinya , Happo Naohisa , Ikemoto Hiroyuki , Sutou Yuji , Shindo Satoshi , Saito Yuta , Koike Junichi 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The structure of crystal GeCu2Te3 was investigated by
X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurement. We found that the
Ge–Te interatomic distances obtained from XAFS are
larger than those obtained from X-ray diffraction, and the
Cu–Te distances are smaller. The averaged
Ge–Te and Cu–Te distances obtained from
XAFS are almost equal to the corresponding interatomic distances in
amorphous GeCu2Te3. Therefore both crystal and amorphous
GeCu2Te3 seem to be built up of the same local
configurations of GeTe4 and CuTe4
tetrahedrons. This would be the reason why the phase change in
GeCu2Te3 occurs very fast.
Relationship between shift work and peripheral total and differential leukocyte counts in Chinese steel workers
Authors: Lu Li‐Fen , Wang Chao‐Ping , Tsai I‐Ting , Hung Wei‐Chin , Yu Teng‐Hung , Wu Cheng‐Ching , Hsu Chia‐Chang , Lu Yung‐Chuan , Chung Fu‐Mei , Jean Mei‐Chu Yen 
Published: November 2015

Relationship between shift work and peripheral total and differential leukocyte counts in Chinese steel workers: Li‐Fen Lu, et al. Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, E‐Da Hospital, I‐Shou University, TaiwanObjectiveEven though shift work has been suspected to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, little research has been done to determine the logical underlying inflammation mechanisms. This study investigated the association between shift work and circulating total and differential leukocyte counts among Chinese steel workers.MethodsThe subjects were 1,654 line workers in a steel plant, who responded to a cross‐sectional survey with a questionnaire on basic attributes, life style, and sleep. All workers in the plant received a periodic health checkup. Total and differential leukocytes counts were also examined in the checkup.ResultsShift workers had higher rates of alcohol use, smoking, poor sleep, poor physical exercise, and obesity than daytime workers. In further analysis, we found that the peripheral total WBC, monocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were also greater in shift workers than in daytime workers. When subjects were divided into quartiles according to total WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts, increased leukocyte count was associated with shift work. Using stepwise linear regression analysis, smoking, obesity, and shift work were independently associated with total WBC, monocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts.ConclusionsThis study indicates that peripheral total and differential leukocyte counts are significantly higher in shift workers, which suggests that shift work may be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Applicable intervention strategies are needed for prevention of cardiovascular disease for shift workers.