bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
People living with HIV with the Omicron variant infection have milder COVID-19 symptoms: results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tan Yuting , Wu Songjie , Ming Fangzhao , Liu Jie , Marley Gifty , Yu Aiping , Luo Yanhe , Zou Shi , Guo Wei , Tang Weiming , Liang Ke 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
China braces for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surge after adjusting the “zero COVID” strategy. We aimed to evaluate and compare the prevalence of clinical symptoms of the Omicron variant infection among people living with HIV (PLWH) and HIV-free people.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, in December 2022 by a self-administered online survey during the Omicron wave. Participants aged ≥ 18 years with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis were recruited. PLWH managed by the local healthcare system were recruited, while HIV-free people were recruited by sending out online surveys through WeChat. We compared the prevalence of clinical symptoms of COVID-19 between PLWH and HIV-free people, and factors associated with symptom occurrence among PLWH were accessed.

Results
Total, 687 PLWH and 1222 HIV-free people were enrolled. After adjusting sex, age, body mass index, comorbidities and COVID-19 vaccination status, the prevalences of all symptoms, including higher degree and long duration of fever (aOR 0.51, 95%CI 0·42 − 0·61; aOR 0.52, 95%CI 0·43 − 0·63), were significantly lower among PLWH than among HIV-free people. Among PLWH, CD4+ T lymphocyte count (CD4 count) between 350 ~ 499 cells/µL and detectable HIV viral load (HIV-VL) were associated with significantly decreased risks of fever (aOR 0·63, 95%CI 0·40 − 0·97; aOR 0·56, 95%CI 0·33 − 0·94), headache (aOR 0·61, 95%CI 0·41 − 0·91; aOR 0·55, 95%CI 0·34 − 0·92) and muscle soreness (aOR 0·57, 95%CI 0·39 − 0·84; aOR 0·57, 95%CI 0·39 − 0·84). No apparent association between the symptoms prevalence and three/four doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination among PLWH was observed; both males and older age were associated with significantly decreased risks of nasal congestion/runny nose (aOR 0·52, 95%CI 0·32 − 0·82; aOR 0·97, 95%CI 0·96 − 0·99) and headache (aOR 0·58, 95%CI 0·36 − 0·92; aOR 0·96, 95%CI 0·95 − 0·98); older age was associated with significantly decreased risks of higher degree of fever (aOR 0·97, 95%CI 0·95 − 0·98).

Conclusions
PLWH have significantly milder symptoms of the Omicron variant infection than HIV-free people. PLWH who are male, older, have low CD4 count, and detectable HIV-VL have reduced occurrence of COVID-19 symptoms. However, continuous monitoring should be conducted among PLWH during the COVID-19 pandemic.
MRI and single-cell RNA sequence results reveal the influence of anterior talofibular ligament injury on osteochondral lesions of the talus
Authors: Xu Jie , Yang Siyi , Fan Ruiqi , Wu Hongbo , Mo Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnterior talofibular ligament injuries and osteochondral lesions of the talus present unique challenges to orthopedic surgeons. This study aimed to investigate the relevant relationship between them by analyzing the Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of clinical patients and single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA seq) results of healthy talus cartilage to discuss the risk factors. Data from 164 patients from 2018 to 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. The correlation analysis between ATFL injury grade and the Hepple stage of OLT determined by MRI was performed. Publicly available single-cell RNA datasets were collected. Single-cell RNA datasets from five volunteers of healthy talus cartilage were analyzed. ATFL injury grade was relevant with the Hepple stage of OLT (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that injured area was the independent influencing factor of the incidence rate and the severity of OLT (P < 0.05). The Hepple stage of OLT was relevant with AOFAS and VAS (P < 0.05). Single-cell RNA sequence results showed that among the 9 subtypes of chondrocytes, the interaction strength between HTC-A and HTC-B is the highest. Their physical interactions are mainly achieved through the CD99 signaling pathway, and factor interactions are mainly achieved through the ANGPTL signaling pathway. Anterior talofibular ligament injury may lead to osteochondral lesions of the talus. Early medical intervention should be carried out for ligament injuries to restore joint stability and avoid cartilage damage.
Systematic literature review of the somatic comorbidities experienced by adults with phenylketonuria
Authors: Whitehall Kaleigh B. , Rose Sarah , Clague Gillian E. , Ahring Kirsten K. , Bilder Deborah A. , Harding Cary O. , Hermida Álvaro , Inwood Anita , Longo Nicola , Maillot François , Muntau Ania C. , Pessoa André L. S. , Rocha Júlio C. , Rohr Fran , Sivri Serap , Said Jack , Oshinbolu Sheun , Sibbring Gillian C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPhenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism that, if untreated, causes Phe accumulation in the brain leading to neurophysiologic alterations and poor outcomes. Lifelong management centers on dietary Phe restriction, yet long-term complete metabolic control is unachievable for many adults. High blood Phe levels or chronic Phe and intact protein restriction in the diet may lead to somatic comorbidities. A systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate somatic comorbidities experienced by adults with PKU.MethodsClinical and observational studies reporting somatic comorbidities experienced by individuals with PKU aged ≥ 16 years (or classified as adults) evaluating a Phe-restricted diet with or without pharmacologic therapy versus no therapeutic intervention (including healthy controls), or pharmacologic therapy versus a Phe-restricted diet alone, were identified. PubMed® was searched (February 1, 2022 and updated November 1, 2023), using a pre-defined search strategy, followed by two-stage screening and data extraction. Included studies were grouped by PKU population comparison.Results1185 records were screened; 51 studies across 12,602 individuals were extracted. Bone-related abnormalities were the most reported outcome (n = 21); several outcome measures were used. Original study groupings included: Phe-restricted diet versus healthy controls or reference values (n = 40); treatment-adherent versus those non-adherent (n = 12). Additional groups added as part of a protocol amendment included: different Phe-restricted diets (n = 4); severe versus less severe disease (n = 5). Vote counting indicated a higher burden of ≥ 1 comorbidity (or outcome measure) for the Phe-restricted diet group by 37 of 38 studies included in the analysis of Phe-restricted diet versus healthy controls; higher burden in healthy controls was reported in 12 studies. Vote counting was similar between those treatment adherent (n = 7) versus non-adherent (n = 10).ConclusionsAdults with PKU have a higher comorbidity burden than a non-PKU population. More robust studies are needed to better understand the relationship between effective metabolic control and comorbidity burden, using consistent outcome measures.This SLR was supported by BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., Novato, CA, and is registered with the Research Registry (reviewregistry1476).
Insights into the ANKRD11 variants and short-stature phenotype through literature review and ClinVar database search
Authors: He Dongye , Zhang Mei , Li Yanying , Liu Fupeng , Ban Bo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnkyrin repeat domain containing-protein 11 (ANKRD11), a transcriptional factor predominantly localized in the cell nucleus, plays a crucial role in the expression regulation of key genes by recruiting chromatin remodelers and interacting with specific transcriptional repressors or activators during numerous biological processes. Its pathogenic variants are strongly linked to the pathogenesis and progression of multisystem disorder known as KBG syndrome. With the widespread application of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies in clinical medicine, numerous pathogenic variants in the ANKRD11 gene have been reported. Patients with KBG syndrome usually exhibit a broad phenotypic spectrum with a variable degree of severity, even if having identical variants. In addition to distinctive dental, craniofacial and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, patients often present with skeletal anomalies, particularly postnatal short stature. The relationship between ANKRD11 variants and short stature is not well-understood, with limited knowledge regarding its occurrence rate or underlying biological mechanism involved. This review aims to provide an updated analysis of the molecular spectrum associated with ANKRD11 variants, investigate the prevalence of the short stature among patients harboring these variants, evaluate the efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone in treating children with short stature and ANKRD11 variants, and explore the biological mechanisms underlying short stature from both scientific and clinical perspectives. Our investigation indicated that frameshift and nonsense were the most frequent types in 583 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants identified in the ANKRD11 gene. Among the 245 KBGS patients with height data, approximately 50% displayed short stature. Most patients showed a positive response to rhGH therapy, although the number of patients receiving treatment was limited. ANKRD11 deficiency potentially disrupts longitudinal bone growth by affecting the orderly differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes. Our review offers crucial insights into the association between ANKRD11 variants and short stature and provides valuable guidance for precise clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with KBG syndrome.
Youth mental health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta, Canada: an interrupted time series, population-based study
Authors: Russell Matthew Joseph , Urichuk Liana , Parker Naomi , Agyapong Vincent Israel Opoku , Rittenbach Katherine , Dyson Michele P. , Hilario Carla 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, youth had rising mental health needs and changes in service accessibility. Our study investigated changes in use of mental health care services for Canadian youth in Alberta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also investigated how youth utilization patterns differed for subgroups based on social factors (i.e., age, gender, socioeconomic status, and geography) previously associated with health care access.

Methods
We used cross-sectional population-based data from Alberta, Canada to understand youth (15–24 year) mental health care use from 2018/19 to 2021/22. We performed interrupted time series design, segmented regression modeling on type of mental health care use (i.e., general physician, psychiatrist, emergency room, and hospitalization) and diagnosis-related use. We also investigated the characteristics of youth who utilized mental health care services and stratified diagnosis-related use patterns by youth subgroups.

Results
The proportion of youth using mental health care significantly increased from 15.6% in 2018/19 to 18.8% in 2021/22. Mental health care use showed an immediate drop in April 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic was declared and public health protections were instituted, followed by a steady rise during the next 2 years. An increase was significant for general physician and psychiatrist visits. Most individual diagnoses included in this study showed significant increasing trends during the pandemic (i.e., anxiety, adjustment, ADHD, schizophrenia, and self-harm), with substance use showing an overall decrease. Mortality rates greatly increased for youth being seen for mental health reasons from 71 per 100,000 youth in 2018/19 to 163 per 100,000 in 2021/22. In addition, there were clear shifts over time in the characteristics of youth using mental health care services. Specifically, there was increased utilization for women/girls compared to men/boys and for youth from wealthier neighborhoods. Increases over time in the utilization of services for self-harm were limited to younger youth (15–16 year).

Conclusions
The study provides evidence of shifts in mental health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings can be used to plan for ongoing mental health needs of youth, future pandemic responses, and other public health emergencies.
Effect of astaxanthin supplementation on female fertility and reproductive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and animal studies
Authors: Maleki-Hajiagha Arezoo , Shafie Anahid , Maajani Khadije , Amidi Fardin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractContextOxidative stress (OS) plays a harmful role in female reproduction and fertility. Several studies explored various dietary interventions and antioxidant supplements, such as astaxanthin (AST), to mitigate the adverse effects of OS on female fertility. Ameliorative effects of AST on female fertility and the redox status of reproductive organs have been shown in several animal and clinical studies.ObjectivesThe main objective of present systematic review and meta-analysis of both animal and clinical studies was to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the effects of AST on female fertility and reproductive outcomes. The effect of AST on redox status, inflammatory and apoptotic markers in reproductive organs were included as the secondary outcomes.Data sourcesWe systematically searched electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, until January 1, 2024, using specified search terms related to AST, female reproductive performance, and infertility, considering the diverse synonyms found in the literature for interventional studies that compared oral AST supplementation with placebo or control in human or animal models.Data extractionTwo independent reviewers extracted data on study characteristics, outcomes, and risk of bias. We pooled the results using random-effects models and assessed the heterogeneity and quality of evidence. We descriptively reported the data from animal models, as meta-analysis was not possible.Data analysisThe meta-analysis of clinical trials showed that AST significantly increased the oocyte maturation rate (MD: 8.40, 95% CI: 4.57 to 12.23, I2: 0%) and the total antioxidant capacity levels in the follicular fluid (MD: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.06, I2: 0%). The other ART and pregnancy outcomes and redox status markers did not show statistically significant changes. The animal studies reported ameliorative effects of AST on redox status, inflammation, apoptosis, and ovarian tissue histomorphology.ConclusionThis systematic review shows that AST supplementation may improve assisted reproductive technology outcomes by enhancing oocyte quality and reducing OS in the reproductive organs. However, the evidence is limited by the heterogeneity, risk of bias, and small sample size of the included studies.Graphical Abstract
Metal complexes featuring a quinazoline schiff base ligand and glycine: synthesis, characterization, DFT and molecular docking analyses revealing their potent antibacterial, anti-helicobacter pylori, and Anti-COVID-19 activities
Authors: Mansour M. S. A. , Abdelkarim Abeer T. , El-Sherif Ahmed A. , Mahmoud Walaa H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMixed ligand complexes of manganese(II), cobalt(II), copper(II), and cadmium(II)with an innovative Schiff base ligand denoted as (L1), 4-(2-((1E,2E)-1-(2-(p-tolyl)hydrazineylidene)propan-2-ylidene)hydrazineyl), served as the principal ligand, while glycine (L2) was employed as secondary ligand were successfully effectively characterized through a comprehensive set of analyses, including Elemental analysis, UV–Visible, FT-IR, Mass spectra, and conductometric measurements. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were executed to discern the enduring electronic arrangement, the energy gap, dipole moment and chemical hardness of the hybrid ligand assemblies. The proposed geometry for the complexes is a distorted octahedral structure. The antimicrobial efficacy of these compounds was assessed against a range of bacterial and fungal strains. Notably, these complexes exhibited promising antimicrobial activities, with the cadmium (II) complex demonstrating superior efficacy towards all tested organisms. These compounds were also examined for their antibiotic properties against H. pylori to explore their broader medical potential. The Schiff base ligand and its corresponding metal complexes displayed substantial potential as an antibiotic against H. pylori. Additionally, the antitumor potential of the synthesized complexes was assessed against MCF-7 (Breast carcinoma) cells—the Cu (II) complex demonstrated superior activity with the lowest IC50 value compared to cisplatin. Moreover, it exhibited reduced cytotoxicity towards normal cells (VERO cells) compared to cisplatin, establishing it as the most potent compound in the study. Furthermore, molecular docking was explored of the Schiff base ligand and its corresponding cadmium(II) complex. The analysis of the docking study yielded valuable structural insights that can be effectively utilized in conducting inhibition studies for example against COVID-19. This comprehensive study highlights these synthesized compounds' multifaceted applications and promising bioactive properties.
Uveal colobomas with pseudo-duplication of the optic disc in both eyes: imaging by ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography: a case report
Authors: Chen Sizhu , Liu Xinyue , Zhong Jie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Duplication of the optic disc is a rare phenomenon. Differentiating between true duplication and pseudo-duplication requires a comprehensive set of diagnostic procedures. Advancements in imaging provide new insights into this condition.

Case presentation
This report details a unique case involving an 8-year-old Han Chinese girl diagnosed with uveal colobomas and pseudo-duplication of the optic disc in both eyes. The extensive multimodal examination included assessments of vision, fundus examination, fundus photography, B-scan ultrasonography, ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography, fundus fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Conclusion
Ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography proves to be a vital tool for examining and monitoring uveal colobomas with pseudo-duplication of the optic disc.
Viral shedding and environmental dispersion of two clade 2.3.4.4b H5 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in experimentally infected mule ducks: implications for environmental sampling
Authors: Filaire Fabien , Bertran Kateri , Gaide Nicolas , Valle Rosa , Secula Aurélie , Perlas Albert , Foret-Lucas Charlotte , Nofrarías Miquel , Cantero Guillermo , Croville Guillaume , Majó Natàlia , Guerin Jean-Luc 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have caused major epizootics in recent years, with devastating consequences for poultry and wildlife worldwide. Domestic and wild ducks can be highly susceptible to HPAIVs, and infection leads to efficient viral replication and massive shedding (i.e., high titres for an extended time), contributing to widespread viral dissemination. Importantly, ducks are known to shed high amounts of virus in the earliest phase of infection, but the dynamics and impact of environmental contamination on the epidemiology of HPAIV outbreaks are poorly understood. In this study, we monitored mule ducks experimentally infected with two H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4b goose/Guangdong HPAIVs sampled in France in 2016–2017 and 2020–2021 epizootics. We investigated viral shedding dynamics in the oropharynx, cloaca, conjunctiva, and feathers; bird-to-bird viral transmission; and the role of the environment in viral spread and as a source of samples for early detection and surveillance. Our findings showed that viral shedding started before the onset of clinical signs, i.e., as early as 1 day post-inoculation (dpi) or post-contact exposure, peaked at 4 dpi, and lasted for up to 14 dpi. The detection of viral RNA in aerosols, dust, and water samples mirrored viral shedding dynamics, and viral isolation from these environmental samples was successful throughout the experiment. Our results confirm that mule ducks can shed high HPAIV titres through the four excretion routes tested (oropharyngeal, cloacal, conjunctival, and feather) while being asymptomatic and that environmental sampling could be a non-invasive tool for early viral RNA detection in HPAIV-infected farms.
Uncovering the genomic basis of symbiotic interactions and niche adaptations in freshwater picocyanobacteria
Authors: Park Hongjae , Bulzu Paul‑Adrian , Shabarova Tanja , Kavagutti Vinicius S. , Ghai Rohit , Kasalický Vojtěch , Jezberová Jitka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Picocyanobacteria from the genera Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and Cyanobium are the most widespread photosynthetic organisms in aquatic ecosystems. However, their freshwater populations remain poorly explored, due to uneven and insufficient sampling across diverse inland waterbodies.

Results
In this study, we present 170 high-quality genomes of freshwater picocyanobacteria from non-axenic cultures collected across Central Europe. In addition, we recovered 33 genomes of their potential symbiotic partners affiliated with four genera, Pseudomonas, Mesorhizobium, Acidovorax, and Hydrogenophaga. The genomic basis of symbiotic interactions involved heterotrophs benefiting from picocyanobacteria-derived nutrients while providing detoxification of ROS. The global abundance patterns of picocyanobacteria revealed ecologically significant ecotypes, associated with trophic status, temperature, and pH as key environmental factors. The adaptation of picocyanobacteria in (hyper-)eutrophic waterbodies could be attributed to their colonial lifestyles and CRISPR-Cas systems. The prevailing CRISPR-Cas subtypes in picocyanobacteria were I-G and I-E, which appear to have been acquired through horizontal gene transfer from other bacterial phyla.

Conclusions
Our findings provide novel insights into the population diversity, ecology, and evolutionary strategies of the most widespread photoautotrophs within freshwater ecosystems.
Deep SqueezeNet learning model for diagnosis and prediction of maize leaf diseases
Authors: Theerthagiri Prasannavenkatesan , Ruby A. Usha , Chandran J. George Chellin , Sardar Tanvir Habib , Shafeeq B. M. Ahamed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe maize leaf diseases create severe yield reductions and critical problems. The maize leaf disease should be discovered early, perfectly identified, and precisely diagnosed to make greater yield. This work studies three main leaf diseases: common rust, blight, and grey leaf spot. This approach involves pre-processing, including sampling and labelling, while ensuring class balance and preventing overfitting via the SMOTE algorithm. The maize leaf dataset with augmentation was used to classify these diseases using several deep-learning pre-trained networks, including VGG16, Resnet34, Resnet50, and SqueezeNet. The model was evaluated using a maize leaf dataset that included various leaf classes, mini-batch sizes, and input sizes. Performance measures, recall, precision, accuracy, F1-score, and confusion matrix were computed for each network. The SqueezeNet learning model produces an accuracy of 97% in classifying four different classes of plant leaf datasets. Comparatively, the SqueezeNet learning model has improved accuracy by 2–5% and reduced the mean square error by 4–11% over VGG16, Resnet34, and Resnet50 deep learning models.