bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol and preregistration for the CODEC project: Measuring, modelling and mechanistically understanding the nature of cognitive variability in early childhood
Authors: Coolen Ilse E.J.I. , Langen Jordy van , Hofman Sophie , Aagten Fréderique E. van , Schaaf Jessica V. , Michel Lea , Aristodemou Michael , Judd Nicholas , Hout Aran T. B. van , Meeussen Emma , Kievit Rogier A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Children’s cognitive performance fluctuates across multiple timescales. However, fluctuations have often been neglected in favour of research into average cognitive performance, limiting the unique insights into cognitive abilities and development that cognitive variability may afford. Preliminary evidence suggests that greater variability is associated with increased symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders, and differences in behavioural and neural functioning. The relative dearth of empirical work on variability, historically limited due to a lack of suitable data and quantitative methodology, has left crucial questions unanswered, which the CODEC (COgnitive Dynamics in Early Childhood) study aims to address.
Method
The CODEC cohort is an accelerated 3-year longitudinal study which encompasses 600 7-to-10-year-old children. Each year includes a ‘burst’ week (3 times per day, 5 days per week) of cognitive measurements on five cognitive domains (reasoning, working memory, processing speed, vocabulary, exploration), conducted both in classrooms and at home through experience sampling assessments. We also measure academic outcomes and external factors hypothesised to predict cognitive variability, including sleep, mood, motivation and background noise. A subset of 200 children (CODEC-MRI) are invited for two deep phenotyping sessions (in year 1 & year 3 of the study), including structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, eye-tracking, parental measurements and questionnaire-based demographic and psychosocial measures. We will quantify developmental differences and changes in variability using Dynamic Structural Equation Modelling, allowing us to simultaneously capture variability and the multilevel structure of trials nested in sessions, days, children and classrooms.
Discussion
CODEC’s unique design allows us to measure variability across a range of different cognitive domains, ages, and temporal resolutions. The deep-phenotyping arm allows us to test hypotheses concerning variability, including the role of mind wandering, strategy exploration, mood, sleep, and brain structure. Due to CODEC’s longitudinal nature, we are able to quantify which measures of variability at baseline predict long-term outcomes. In summary, the CODEC study is a unique longitudinal study combining experience sampling, an accelerated longitudinal ‘burst’ design, deep phenotyping, and cutting-edge statistical methodologies to better understand the nature, causes, and consequences of cognitive variability in children.
Trialregister: ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT06330090
The CPEC is expected to have significant socio-cultural and demographic effects on the local community of Gilgit-Baltistan.
Authors: Ali Basit , Khan Sikandar , Ahmad Shakeel ,   Dr. Haji Ur Rahman4
Published: July 2024

Abstract

It is expected that the CPEC will transmute the whole society of Pakistan particularly the society of Gilgit-Baltistan as Gilgit-Baltistan is the entranceway of CPEC to Pakistan. All the road networks, communication systems such as fibre optics, as well as gas and oil pipelines, must travel through this area. Aiming at finding the expected socio-cultural and demographic impacts of CPEC on local community of Gilgit-Baltistan. The data from 150 respondents from the local community residing at Gilgit-Baltistan were used for data analysis. Initially the frequency and percentage distribution were checked and then the hypotheses were tested using Chi-square test with SPSS version21. The findings of this research verify that the family and religious institution will have a significant impact of CPEC. CPEC will also bring linguistic and life style changes in Gilgit-Baltistan. It is expected that the CPEC will lead to migration of rural population towards urban areas.
The effect of pre­sowing seed treatment with chlorella suspension on the productivity of different varieties of Triticum aestivum L., T. durum Desf. and T. spelta L.
Authors: Korkhova M. M. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose. To determine the main elements of ear productivity, yield and mass fraction of protein in the grain of the studied species and varieties of winter wheat, depending on the pre­sowing treatment of seeds with “Chlorella suspension”. Methods. Field trials with different varieties of winter wheat (T. aestivum, T. spelta and T. durum) were carried out in 2020–2022 at the experimental field of the MNAU’s Educational, Scientific and Practical Centre. Before sowing, the seeds of the varieties studied were treated with the biological preparation “Chlorella suspension”. Results. During the years of research, it was possible to determine the varietal response to weather conditions that influenced the formation of the main elements of winter wheat productivity. For example, the highest number of productive stems (858 pcs/m2) was produced by plants of the variety ‘Vidrada’ (T. aestivum) in the variant with pre­sowing seed treatment with “Chlorella suspension”. In 2020, spelt plants of the ‘Evropa’ variety had the highest grain weight per ear (1.21 g),
but the lowest number of productive stems (435 pcs/m2). ‘Shestopalivka’ (T. aestivum) and ‘Evropa’ (T. spelta) produced the maximum grain yield in 2021 (6.92 and 5.75 t/ha, respectively), ‘Bosfor’ (T. durum) – in 2022 (5.71 t/ha). On average over the three years of the trial, the highest yield was observed in the ‘Shestopalivka’ soft winter wheat plants in the variant with pre­sowing seed treatment with “Chlorella suspension” – 6.01 t/ha, which is 0.22–2.48 t/ha more than in other variants of the trial. The lowest yield level was observed in spelt plants of varie­ty ‘Zoria Ukrainy’ in the seed treatment with water (control variant) – from 2.74 t/ha in 2020 to 4.12 t/ha in 2022. The mass fraction of protein in grain in the variant with the use of “Chlorella suspension” among T. aestivum and T. durum varieties was distinguished by ‘Vidrada’ (15.8–15.9%) and ‘Lincor’ (14.6%), among T. spelta varieties – ‘Zoria Ukrainy’ (20.2%). Conclusions. The developed elements of the technology of winter wheat cultivation allow to increase the yield and quality of grain in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, which confirms the relevance of this field of research.
Antiprotozoal, Anthelmintic and Antivectorial Activities of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Bologna Thainá Silva , de Sousa Isabella de Oliveira Ferrato , do Carmo Neto José Rodrigues , Nunes Thaís Amanda de Lima , Matos Beatriz Sodré , da Silva Priscilla Elias Ferreira da , Guerra Rhanoica Oliveira , Franco Pablo Igor Ribeiro , Machado Juliana Reis , Silva Anielle Christine Almeida , da Silva Marcos Vinicius 
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
Nanotechnology has been established as a promising alternative for treating a
myriad of disease-causing microorganisms that pose threats to human health. The utilization
of nanoparticles (NPs) emerges as a strategy to enhance the therapeutic arsenal
against these diseases, especially given the tendency of many pathogens to develop resistance
to conventional medications. Notably, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs)
have garnered attention for their multifaceted biomedical applications, encompassing
antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, and drug delivery properties.
This review focuses on the cutting-edge potential of TiO2NPs against helminths, protozoa,
and vectors, underscoring their pivotal role in combating these health-threatening
agents.
Exploring the Anticancer Potential of Astragalin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Attenuating Glycolytic Pathway through AMPK/mTOR
Authors: Zeb Ahmad , Khan Walizeb , Ul Islam Waseem , Khan Faizullah , Khan Ajmal , Khan Hanif , Khalid Asaad , Najeeb Ur Rehman  , Ullah Anwar , Al-Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Aerobic glycolysis is crucial for cancer cells to survive, grow,
and progress. In the current study, the anti-cancer effects of astragalin (ASG) on breast
cancer cells and in the glycolytic pathway through AMPK/mTOR have been evaluated.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to examine the impact of ASG, a natural
flavonoid, on glycolysis via targeting AMPK/mTOR signalling in MDA-MB-231 breast
cancer cells.

Method:
The study utilized ASG, which was isolated from Haplophyllum tuberculatum.
The cells were treated with different concentrations of ASG (20 and 40 μg/mL), and anti-
glycolytic activities were measured through cell proliferation, expression of glycolytic
enzymes (HK-2, LDH-A, GLUT-1), glucose uptake, and lactate concentration assays.
The MTT assay was used to assess cellular proliferation, while the glucose uptake and
lactate levels were determined by employing colorimetric assays. The mRNA expression
of target glycolytic enzymes was determined by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of
glycolytic targets, as well as that of AMPK and mTOR, were determined by western blot.
in silico docking of ASG was done with mTOR and AMPK proteins.

Result:
Astragalin exhibited dose- and time-dependent anti-proliferative effects in
MDA-MB-231 cells. In breast cancer cells, the mRNA and protein expression of
GLUT-1, LDH-A, and HK-2 were all significantly downregulated after receiving ASG
treatments. Furthermore, after ASG treatments, MDA-MB231 cells showed a significant
decrease in lactate and glucose uptake compared to control cells. Mechanistically, ASG
increased AMPK activation and suppressed mTOR activation in these cells. The inhibitory
role of ASG on aerobic glycolysis was prevented by treatments with compound C (an
AMPK inhibitor). However, combined treatment of compound C and ASG could nullify
the ASG-induced anti-glycolysis effect and restore the level of p-AMPK and p-mTOR in
MDA-MB231 cells. The results from molecular docking predicted that ASG had the potential
to bind AMPK and mTOR, with free energy for binding, -8.2 kcal/mol and -8.1
kcal/mol, respectively.

Conclusion:
Taken together, the findings from this study indicated that ASG might modulate
the AMPK/mTOR pathway to inhibit aerobic glycolysis and proliferation of MDAMB231
breast cancer
A Simple Aptasensor Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
for the Rapid Detection of Cadmium (II) In Water And Food
Authors: Zhu Jiangxiong , Wang Yang , Wang Lumei , Geng Xueqing , Yang Linnan , Zhao Ting , Deng Yun 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
The objective of this study is to develop a novel fluorometric aptasensor employing
fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for the detection of Cadmium (II) (Cd2+) in
water and food samples. The constructed aptasensor employed a fluorophore-quencher labeled aptamer
combination not previously reported for Cd2+ detection. Additionally, its simple mix-anddetect
pattern without immobilization or material-assisted steps represented an innovative design.

Methods:
Utilizing 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-modified aptamers and maleimide (BHQ-1)-
modified aptamer complementary chain to construct a fluorescent detection probe, this aptasensor
achieved a rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of Cd2+. Without Cd2+, the aptamer and its complementary
strand undergo base pairing, bringing the FAM closer to the BHQ-1, leading to FRET
and a subsequent decrease in fluorescence intensity. The introduction of Cd2+ preferentially brought
to the aptamer, changing its conformation and preventing the quenching of FAM by BHQ-1, thereby
restoring the fluorescence intensity of the aptasensor.

Results:
Following optimization of experimental parameters, the aptasensor exhibited a linear response
to Cd2+ concentrations ranging from 5 to 1200 nM, with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.43 nM.
The aptasensor’s performance was unaffected by the presence of various ions, indicating its high
specificity. Moreover, it could rapidly and accurately detect Cd2+ in water and food samples, including
tap water, lake water, grapes, cabbage, and broccoli, demonstrating its substantial potential for
practical application.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the developed aptasensor represents an important tool for effective Cd2+
detection in water and food matrices, highlighting its potential as a critical tool for environmental
monitoring and food safety.
Comparison between Ribosomal Assembly and Machine Learning Tools
for Microbial Identification of Organisms with Different Characteristics
Authors: Chau Stephanie , Rojas Carlos , Jetcheva Jorjeta G. , Markart Mary , Vijayakumar Sudha , Yuan Sophia , Stowbunenko Vincent , Shelton Amanda N. , Andreopoulos William B. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Genome assembly tools are used to reconstruct genomic sequences from
raw sequencing data, which are then used for identifying the organisms present in a metagenomic
sample.

Methodology:
More recently, machine learning approaches have been applied to a variety of bioinformatics problems, and in this paper, we explore their use for organism identification. We start by
evaluating several commonly used metagenomic assembly tools, including PhyloFlash, MEGAHIT,
MetaSPAdes, Kraken2, Mothur, UniCycler, and PathRacer, and compare them against state-of-theart deep learning-based machine learning classification approaches represented by DNABERT and
DeLUCS, in the context of two synthetic mock community datasets.

Result:
Our analysis focuses on determining whether ensembling metagenome assembly tools with
machine learning tools have the potential to improve identification performance relative to using the
tools individually.

Conclusion:
We find that this is indeed the case, and analyze the level of effectiveness of potential
tool ensembling for organisms with different characteristics (based on factors such as repetitiveness,
genome size, and GC content).
A game-changer in enhancing Endometrium Health - Uttara Basti as a promising alternative to PRP therapy & G-CSF instillation with superior impact on Thin Endometrium Cases
Authors: Bhavana G  , Papiya Jana  
Published: July 2024

A healthy conception results due to the influence of Ritu, Kshetra Abu, Bija Samyoga, Garbha Sambhava Samagri as mentioned in Ayurvedic classics, any defect in the above component can lead to Vandyatwa. Kshetra is one of the most important factors that may have its impact on conception and growing fetus as well as it is considered as the site of implantation in the Garbhashaya which bears the fruit of conception and can be considered endometrium. Endometrium if unhealthy or thin can impact on maintaining the balance of Artavavaha Sroto function. Hence, we need to explore the function of endometrium and the pathogenesis related to it. In Ayurveda among the various Stanika procedures, Uttara Basti specifically stands out as a highlighted and well-practiced therapy for addressing infertility by promoting endometrial growth and enhance embryo implantation. The specific formulation mentioned in Ayurvedic classics contains drugs which are having Garbhasthapana actions and they also have Brumhaniya properties which have its action on correcting endometrium.
Filmes e recursos audiovisuais como material didático
Authors: Queiroz Dias Rocha Felipe 
Published: July 2024

O filme é compreendido como um advento multifacetado capaz de criar mundos, animar vidas e levantar questões. Trata-se de um material didático de primeira grandeza que pode chegar às salas de aula e ser usado sob diversas perspetivas. Objetivou-se desvelar porquê filmes são utilizados pelos docentes. Participaram da pesquisa 15 docentes que utilizam filmes como material didático, sendo nove mulheres (60%) e seis homens (40%). Todos os voluntários exercem a função em Portugal e ensinam no nível superior, sendo que 60% trabalham no Porto, 20% em Braga e outros 20% em Lisboa. Os participantes foram buscados a esmo. Resultou-se que os sujeitos utilizam filmes por quatro razões: atrair/motivar mais os estudantes, complementar ou ilustrar o conteúdo ensinado em aula por meio da peculiaridade audiovisual, diversificar os métodos de ensino e promover reflexão crítica. A teoria interacionista de Lev Vygotsky foi utilizada como referencial teórico para analisar os resultados. Os filmes são um recurso bem aceite por docentes e discentes, os quais conseguem explicar e entender melhor, respetivamente, determinados conceitos. Na ótica vygotskiana, o efeito benéfico do filme se dá pela ZDP ser acedida pelos signos fílmicos, de modo a promover a transição do desenvolvimento real para o potencial.
Etika berpolitik pemimpin masa lampau berbasis naskah Sunda
Authors: Sumarlina Elis Suryani Nani , Permana Rangga Saptya Mohamad , Darsa Undang Ahmad 
Published: July 2024

Benar adanya apabila dikatakan bahwa banyak kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam menggarap naskah-naskah Sunda Kuno. Akan tetapi, harus disadari pula bahwa di dalam sebuah naskah Sunda kuno terdapat nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang bermanfaat bagi kehidupan masyarakat masa kini. Isi naskah Sunda Kuno mengungkap beragam ilmu yang bisa dijadikan sebagai referensi literasi bagi ilmu lain saat ini, yang berkaitan dengan historiografi tradisional, toponimi, pandangan hidup, sistem pemerintahan atau pembagian kekuasaan, konsep kepemimpinan, etika berpolitik, dan unsur-unsur kebudayaan lainnya, sebagai bahan dalam upaya menggali, identitas masyarakat pendukung kebudayaan tersebut. Dengan demikian, upaya penggalian dan penggarapan naskah-naskah kuno perlu dilakukan secara sungguh-sungguh, intensif, dan berkesinambungan. Teks naskah Sunda kuno yang sangat menarik untuk dibahas dalam tulisan ini berkaitan dengan etika berpolitik para pemimpin atau raja-raja Sunda masa lampau, yang eksistensinya terungkap dalam naskah Sanghyang Siksakandang Karesian, Fragmen Carita Parahiyangan, Amanat Galunggung, dan Sanghyang Hayu, yang ditulis pada abad ke-16 Masehi. Etika berpolitik raja-raja zaman dulu berkaitan erat dengan konsep kepeminpinan, sistem pemerintahan dan pembagian kekuasaan, serta karakter dari peminpin itu sendiri. Dikaji melalui metode penelitian deskriptif analisis, dan metode kajian filologi, komunikasi politik, historiografi tradisional, dan kajian budaya secara multidisiplin. Diharapkan mampu menungkap bagaimana etika berpolitik raja atau pemimpin Sunda masa silam, melalui naskah-naskah Sunda Kuno abad-16, yang akhirnya dapat membuka cakrawala dan wawasan ilmu pengetahuan bagi ilmu-ilmu lain secara multidisiplin.
MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES AS A BAROMETER FROM CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGERS’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hasim Nurhayatul Khursniah , Salleh Hafez 
Published: July 2024

The Construction Industry faces a significant gap in the managerial competencies of Construction Project Managers (CPM) towards project performance. The identification of a competent project manager is essential as it contributes towards economic growth and the achievement of the current Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research aims to determine the core managerial competencies from the CPM’s perspective. Specifically, to achieve the aim of this research it comes with two (2) objectives, which are to identify the managerial competencies and to determine the core competencies required by CPM. The research method adopted was a quantitative approach via structured questionnaire survey. Based on research findings, it establishes the core managerial competencies which are knowledge, skills, and attitude as a crucial barometer for CPM led to a positive impact on the help of Machine Learning (ML) toward project performance. The contribution of this research is imperative and can serve as reference benchmarking for CPM.
Zoometría en cerdos obesos intervenidos con cirugía bariátrica experimental reloj de arena con derivación gastro-yeyunal
Authors: Martinez Martinez Mastoby Miguel , Pérez B Diana Marcela , Lancheros S Valery 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo. Evaluar variables zoométricas en cerdos Landrace obesos intervenidos con la cirugía bariátrica experimental reloj de arena con derivación gastro-yeyunal (CBERADG-Y). Materiales y métodos. La evaluación se realizó en tres fases con 12 animales puros divididos en un grupo experimental y dos grupos control. Fase 1: inducción de obesidad alcanzada en 120 días. Fase 2: práctica de la cirugía experimental. Fase 3: evaluación de variables zoométricas [masa corporal (MC), longitud occipito-coccígea (L Occ-Co), diámetro abdominal (DA) e índice de masa corporal (IMC)] en los cerdos del experimento; comparando medidas al día cero, día 15 y día 30 entre grupos e intra-grupo. Resultados. Al final del estudio, el grupo experimental redujo la MC, el DA y el IMC sin afectar la L Occ-Co, mientras que los dos grupos control mantuvieron estables estas variables. Conclusiones. Pese a no existir diferencias significativas entre grupos, se logró estandarizar una cirugía bariátrica que influyó cuantitativamente sobre las variables zoométricas del grupo experimental.
CO-TEACHING: PENERAPAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DI KELAS
Authors: Fithriyah Fithriyah 
Published: July 2024

Pendekatan pembelajaran kolaborasi sudah sering diimplementasikan di dalam kelas oleh para pendidik. Model pendekatan ini muncul sebagai salah satu upaya mengatasi permasalahan yang kompleks yang dihadapi guru untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Guru tidak hanya dihadapkan dengan persiapan pembelajaran, melakukan pengajaran, dan evaluasi, tetapi harus juga menguasai manajemen kelas dalam menangani beragam karakteristik siswa dan tingkat pemahaman yang berbeda. Semua hal ini harus ditangani sendiri oleh guru. Co-teaching yang merupakan pendekatan model kolaborasi hadir sebagai salah satu alternatif kurangnya guru di mana rasio guru dan siswa sangatlah timpang. Co-teaching membantu guru dalam menyelesaikan tugas-tugasnya. Kerjasama dua orang guru atau lebih dengan latar belakang pendidikan yang berbeda dalam merancang, menerapkan, dan mengevaluasi pembelajaran yang sudah diterapkan tentunya akan membuat pembelajaran lebih efektif. Artikel ini juga akan membahas tentang perubahan apa saja yang terjadi dengan penerapan model co-teaching ini berdasarkan dari penelitian-penelitian terdahulu.
ANALYSIS OF THE MADRASA PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP FACTOR IN IMPROVING THE LEARNING QUALITY
Authors: Huda Mualimul , Safriadi Safriadi 
Published: July 2024

Mutu pembelajaran menjadi business core layanan lembaga pendidikan. Upaya peningkatan mutu pembelajaran memerlukan berbagai pendekatan dan quality control. Faktor kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dalam menjalankan fungsinya menjadi salah satu faktor yang memiliki kontribusi terhadap capaian mutu pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dimensi dan indikator kepemimpinan kepala madrasah, selanjutnya menganalisis kontribusi variabel kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah kepala madrasah dan guru pada 8 madrasah aliyah swasta di Jawa Tengah. Sampel diambil dengan teknik random sampling sebanyak 160 responden. Selanjutnya peneliti melakukan analisis deskriptif statistik untuk mengukur subdimensi dan indikator pada variabel kepemimpinan dan mutu pembelajaran. Uji konfirmasi konstruk menggunakan confirmatory factor analysis pada persamaan struktural dengan software SmartPLS.30. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala madrasah direfleksikan dengan baik pada lima dimensi pembentuk, yaitu dimensi kepribadian, manajerial, supervisi, kewirausahaan dan sosial. Dimensi kepribadian, manajerial dan supervisi memiliki kontribusi yang kuat dalam memprediksi peningkatan capaian mutu pembelajaran. Keteladanan dan integritas menjadi salah satu indikator pembentuk dimensi kepemimpinan kepribadian. Secara keseluruhan dimensi dan indikator pada variabel kepemimpinan kepala madrasah memiliki kontribusi yang positif dan signifikan terhadap capaian mutu pembelajaran dengan nilai koefisien jalur adalah 0,425 atau sebesar 42,5% dipengaruhi oleh faktor kepemimpinan kepala madrasah.