bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fair and Accessible Parkinson’s Disease Screening using a Machine Learning-Powered Web Platform: Research Protocol and Preliminary Results
Authors: Washington Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDigital technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to screen for conditions like Parkinson’s Disease (PD) in a scalable and accessible manner. With the widespread adoption of smartphones and computers, the general public is constantly interacting with digital interfaces, leaving behind a wealth of data that can be harnessed for health screening. Keystroke dynamics, touchscreen interactions, and other digital footprints have emerged as potential indicators of PD. By analyzing patterns in keyboard typing, touchscreen gestures, and other digital indicators, it is now possible to detect subtle motor impairments associated with PD. We propose to further develop, refine, and validate a baseline predictive model for Parkinson’s disease (PD) based on keystroke and touchscreen measurements which we have developed and tested on participants in Hawaii. Through extensive experimentation, the project aims to determine the optimal combination of features that yield the highest sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing participants with and without PD while algorithmically reducing disparities in performance across race and socioeconomic status. A central challenge of this research will be ensuring fairness by mitigating biases caused by differences in laptop and desktop screen dimensions, mouse responsiveness, and other configurations. These differences are likely to vary by socioeconomic status, requiring a thorough analysis of these disparities and employment of algorithmic fairness techniques to mitigate the underlying problem. Additionally, we will conduct human-centered design sessions to understand how to create such screening tools in a manner that is sensitive to Indigenous data sovereignty. Our findings will underscore the potential of leveraging technology-measured limb movement data as a reliable and accessible method for early detection of PD. This research holds promise for screening individuals who may potentially be affected by PD earlier in an accessible and scalable manner, thus reducing socioeconomic health disparities related to early screening and diagnosis.
A Lightweight, End-to-End Explainable, and Generalized attention-based graph neural network to Classify Autism Spectrum Disorder using Meta-Connectivity
Authors: Bhavna Km , Ghosh Niniva , Banerjee Romi , Roy Dipanjan 
Published: July 2024

1AbstractRecent technological advancement in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been extensively used to diagnose brain disorders such as autism (ASD), which is associated with deficits in social communication, interaction, and restricted/repetitive behaviors. However, the existing machine-learning/deep-learning (ML/DL) models suffer from low accuracy and explainability due to their internal architecture and feature extraction techniques, which also predominantly focus on node-centric features. As a result, performance is moderate on unseen data due to ignorance of edge-centric features. Here, we argue that meaningful features and information can be extracted by focusing on meta connectivity between large-scale brain networks which is an edge-centric higher order dynamic correlation in time. In the current study, we have proposed a novel explainable and generalized node-edge connectivity-based graph attention neural network(Ex-NEGAT) model to classify ASD subjects from neuro-typicals (TD) on unseen data using a node edge-centric feature set for the first time and predicted their symptom severity scores. We used ABIDE (I and II) dataset with a large sample size (Total no. of samples = 1500). The framework employs meta-connectivity derived from Theory-of-Mind (ToM), Default-mode Network (DMN), Central executive (CEN), and Salience network (SN) that measure the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) as a flow across morphing connectivity configurations. To generalize the Ex-NEGAT model, we trained the proposed model on ABIDE I(No. of samples =840) and performed testing on the ABIDE II(no. of samples =660) dataset and achieved 88% accuracy with an F1-score of 0.89. Additionally, we identified symptom severity scores for each individual subjects using their meta-connectivity links between relevant brain networks and passing that to Connectome-based Prediction Modelling (CPM) pipeline to identify the specific large-scale brain networks whose edge connectivity contributed positively and negatively to the prediction. Our approach accurately predicted ADOS-Total, ADOS-Social, ADOS-Communication, ADOS-Module, ADOS-STEREO, and FIQ scores.
Northern peatland microbial networks exhibit resilience to warming and acquire electron acceptor from soil organic matter
Authors: Duchesneau Katherine , Aldeguer Riquelme Borja , Petro Caitlin , Makke Ghiwa , Green Madison , Tfaily Malak , Wilson Rachel , Roth Spencer W. , Johnston Eric R. , Kluber Laurel A. , Schadt Christopher W. , Chanton Jeffrey P. , Hanson Paul J. , Tringe Susannah , Eloe-Fadrosh Emily , Del Rio Tijana , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. , Kostka Joel E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe microbial networks that regulate belowground carbon turnover and respond to climate change drivers in peatlands are poorly understood. Here, we leverage a whole ecosystem warming experiment to elucidate the key processes of terminal carbon decomposition and community responses to temperature rise. Our dataset of 697 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) extends from surface (10 cm) to 2 m deep into the peat column, with only 3.7% of genomes overlapping with other well-studied peatlands. Unexpectedly, community composition has yet to show a significant response to warming after 3 years, suggesting that metabolically diverse soil microbial networks are resilient to climate change. Surprisingly, the dominant methanogens showed the potential for both acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Nonetheless, the predominant pathways for anaerobic carbon decomposition include sulfate/sulfite reduction, denitrification, and acetogenesis, rather than methanogenesis based on gene abundances. Multi-omics data suggest that organic matter cleavage provides terminal electron acceptors, whichtogether with methanogen metabolic flexibility, may explain peat microbiome resilience to warming.
Mutations in the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway confer resistance to furazolidone and abolish the synergistic interaction between furazolidone and vancomycin inEscherichia coli
Authors: Wykes Hannah , Le Vuong Van Hung , Rakonjac Jasna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAntibiotic combinations are a promising strategy to counteract the global problem of increasing antibiotic resistance. We have previously demonstrated furazolidone-vancomycin synergy against Gram-negative pathogens. Here, we selectedEscherichia coliprogeny for growth on the furazolidone-vancomycin combination to which the parent was sensitive. We show that selected clones were associated with increased resistance to neither, only one of, or both furazolidone and vancomycin, but in all cases were associated with a decrease in furazolidone-vancomycin synergy. Among a variety of gene mutations identified in this screen, we investigated the mechanism behind the most frequently arising mutations, those in the riboflavin biosynthesis genesribBandribE, and found them to act predominantly through decreasing the activity of the NfsA and NfsB nitroreductases, which have FMN (flavin mononucleotide) or FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) as a prosthetic group. We further show that theribB/ribEmutants isolated in our screen are riboflavin semi-auxotrophs. Riboflavin supplementation restored the normal growth of theribB/ribEmutants but not the furazolidone sensitivity.
A protocol to assess antipsychotics prescribing and physical health monitoring in children and young people: a cohort study using primary care data from QResearch
Authors: Vinogradova Yana , Jack Ruth H , Prasad Vibhore , Coupland Carol , Morriss Richard , Hollis Chris 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAntipsychotic medicines are prescribed to children and young people (CYP) with mental health conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, behavioural disorders, autism spectrum disorder and tics. The physical side effects of these medicines require monitoring, and this responsibility can be transferred to primary care. This study will describe the trends in antipsychotic prescribing in CYP, identify the mental health conditions, symptoms and comorbidities associated with the prescriptions, and determine the extent of physical health monitoring in primary care both for CYP prescribed antipsychotics and those with mental health conditions without antipsychotic prescriptions. The study will use data from QResearch, a large, anonymised, UK primary care electronic health record database. Records will be linked to secondary care data from hospital episode statistics and socioeconomic deprivation information. People aged 5 to 17 years, who are registered with GPs in England contributing to QResearch between 1 January 2006 and 31 July 2021 will be included. Incidence and prevalence rates will be calculated over the study period, and Poisson regression will be used to estimate incidence rate ratios. Results from this study will identify where improvements to clinical practice or to treatment guidelines may be needed.
MSPTDfast: An Efficient Photoplethysmography Beat Detection Algorithm
Authors: Charlton Peter H , Mant Jonathan , Kyriacou Panicos A 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBeat detection is a key step in the analysis of photo-plethysmogram (PPG) signals. The ‘MSPTD’ algorithm was recently identified as one of the most accurate beat detection algorithms, but its current open-source implementation is substantially more computationally expensive than other leading algorithms such as ‘qppgfast’. The aim of this work was to develop a more efficient, open-source implementation of the ‘MSPTD’ algorithm. Five potential improvements were identified to increase efficiency. Each potential improvement was evaluated in turn, and an optimal algorithm configuration named ‘MSPTDfast’ was developed which incorporated all of the improvements found to reduce algorithm execution time whilst not substantially reducing the accuracy of beat detection. Performance was assessed using data collected from young adults during a lunchbreak in the PPG-DaLiA dataset. The data consisted of wrist PPG signals acquired using an Empatica E4 device, alongside simultaneous ECG signals from which reference heartbeat timings were obtained. ‘MSPTDfast’ was found to be substantially more efficient than ‘MSPTD’ (a reduction in execution time of 72.3%), with minimal difference in beat detection accuracy (F1-score 87.8% vs. 87.7%). In addition, the performance of ‘MSPTDfast’ was much closer to that of the state-of-the-art ‘qppgfast’ algorithm than the ‘MSPTD’ algorithm, with a comparable F1-score (87.4% vs. 87.7%), and an execution time which was only 19.2% longer than that of ‘qppgfast’ (vs. 330.8% longer for ‘MSPTD’). In conclusion, ‘MSPTD-fast’ is an efficient and accurate open-source PPG beat detection algorithm with a substantially faster execution time than ‘MSPTD’. It is available under the permissive MIT licence.
Integrating Physiotherapy into Primary Care Models: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Saddy Nathaniel , Aboosally Aamir , Aslanidis Jordan , Beilin Anthony , da Silva Schezar Jessica , Miller Jordan , Tawiah Andrews K 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionPhysiotherapists (PTs) working in primary care settings within an interprofessional team can lead to favourable health outcomes and decreased burden on the healthcare system. Although PT models of care are important to primary care delivery, there is a lack of knowledge and evidence on the characteristics of these models of care, the differences and similarities between the models, and the barriers and facilitators to implementing these models. This scoping review protocol aims to fill this knowledge gap by synthesizing the evidence and characteristics of models of care that integrate physiotherapists within primary care teams, mapping the similarities and differences, and describing barriers and facilitators to implementing models of care that integrate physiotherapists within primary care teams.MethodsThe scoping review is based on the Joanne Briggs Institute (JBI) framework. It is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRIMSA-ScR). A comprehensive search strategy will be used to find relevant papers in six databases: OVID MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus. Grey literature will be searched through OpenGrey, Theses Global, ProQuest Dissertation, and Google Scholar. Quantitative and qualitative study designs will be included, with two reviewers independently selecting each article on Covidence. Data will be extracted using a pre-piloted data extraction sheet and synthesized narratively to identify themes and patterns.DiscussionThis scoping review will synthesize the evidence on models of care that integrate physiotherapists within primary care teams. It will provide evidence to inform the implementation of these models of care and identify research gaps that need to be addressed.
Efficacy of a fixed-ratio combination of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and basal insulin therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Ramalan Mansur A. , Maiyaki Musa Baba , Gezawa Ibrahim D , Uloko Andrew E 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundBlood glucose control is a major goal of management demonstrated by many guidelines and results of clinical trials. Achieving good glycaemia is associated with reduction of the risks of cardiovascular disease. Glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are now important parts of many guidelines for the management of diabetes mellitus because of their cardiovascular benefit. Basal insulin in have now been combined with GLP-1 RAs in fixed ration combinations in single pens. We aim to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized control clinical trials the evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists combined with basal insulin therapy in treating type 2 diabetes, using a fixed-ratio combination of the two.Method and data analysisIt is anticipated that a systematic search of the literature will be conducted on the following electronic databases will be searched: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. We plan to include only randomized control clinical trials on GLP 1RA, fixed ratio combination of basal insulin and GLP 1RA and basal insulins alone. A validated study design-specific critical appraisal tool will be used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. The systematic review will be performed in accordance with the JBI guideline for prevalence and incidence review. The review will be reporting following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline.
Methods for Factors Affecting Behavioral Treatment in Veterans with Headache Attributable to Mild to Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Nabity Paul S. , Houle Timothy T. , Turner Dana P. , Young-McCaughan Stacey , McGeary Cindy A. , Pugh Mary Jo , McGeary Donald D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOver 400,000 U.S. military personnel have been diagnosed with a mild or moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) since the year 2000. Posttraumatic headache (PTH) is one of the most common and bothersome sequela after a mild or moderate head injury. Persistent posttraumatic headache are headaches due to the head injury lasting longer than 3 months. About 40% of military personnel who develop PTH after a TBI have persistent PTH and about 20% have PTH lasting longer than a year after the original injury. Persistent PTH has a negative impact on daily activities, including work and social functioning.There are no available guidelines for treating posttraumatic headache, and there is extraordinary variability in treatment practices as a result. The present study aims to identify predictive factors that account for heterogeneity in response to behavioral intervention for posttraumatic headache attributable to mild to moderate TBI. We intend to create a predictive model of PTH through the adoption of the Predictive Approaches to Treatment effect Heterogeneity Statement (PATH Statement). This rigorous, guided approach will be used to develop and validate a predictive model of psychosocial factors related to PTH treatment outcomes, thereby improving individualized treatment of PTH. This protocol provides an overview of the research design and methods for this study.
Jet transport coefficients by elastic and radiative scatterings in the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma
Authors: Grishmanovskii Ilia , Soloveva Olga , Song Taesoo , Greiner Carsten , Bratkovskaya Elena 
Published: July 2024

We extend the investigation of jet transport coefficients within the effective dynamical quasiparticle model (DQPM)—constructed to describe nonperturbative QCD phenomena of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) in line with the lattice QCD equation of state—by accounting for inelastic 2→3 reactions with gluon radiation in addition to the elastic scattering of partons. The elastic and inelastic reactions are calculated explicitly within leading-order Feynman diagrams with effective propagators and vertices from the DQPM by accounting for all channels and their interferences. We present the results for the jet transport coefficients such as the transverse momentum transfer squared q̂ per unit length as well as the energy loss dE/dx per unit length in the sQGP and investigate their dependence on the temperature T and momentum of the jet parton depending on the choice of the strong coupling constant αs in thermal, jet parton, and radiative vertices. For the latter, we consider different scenarios used in the literature and find a very strong dependence of q̂ and dE/dx on the choice of αs. Moreover, we explore the relation of q̂/T3 to the ratio of specific shear viscosity to entropy density η/s and show that the ratio T3/q̂ to η/s has a strong T dependence—especially when approaching Tc—on the choice of αs in scattering vertices.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Exact solutions of the simplified March model for organizational learning
Authors: Jo Hang-Hyun 
Published: July 2024

March's celebrated agent-based simulation model for organizational learning [J. G. March, , 71 (1991)] has been extensively studied in recent decades. Yet the model has not been fully understood due to the lack of analytical solutions of the model. We simplify the March model to take an analytical approach using master equations. We then derive exact solutions for some of the simplest yet nontrivial cases, and perform numerical estimation of master equations for more complicated cases. Both analytical and numerical results are in good agreement with agent-based simulations. These results are also compared to those of the original March model. Our approach enables us to rigorously understand the results of the simplified model as well as the original model, to a large extent.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Field-configuring events and the failure to standardise accounting for carbon emissions
Authors: Giordano-Spring Sophie , Larrinaga Carlos , Rivière-Giordano Géraldine 
Published: July 2024

PurposeSince the withdrawal of IFRIC 3 in 2005, there has been a regulatory freeze in accounting for emission rights that contrasts with the international momentum of climate-related financial disclosures. This paper explores how different narratives and institutional dynamics explain the failure to produce guidance on accounting for emission rights.Design/methodology/approachThis paper mobilises the notion of field-configuring events to examine a sequence of six events between 2003 and 2016, including four public consultations and two dialogues between standard setters. The paper presents a qualitative analysis of documents produced in this space that investigates how different practices and narratives configured the field's positions, agenda, and meaning systems.FindingsAccounting for emission rights was gradually decoupled from climate change and carbon markets, relegated to the research pipeline, and forgotten. The obstacles that the IASB and EFRAG found in presenting themselves as central in the recurring events, the excess of representations, and the increasingly technical and abstract debates eroded the 2003 momentum for regulation, making the different initiatives to revitalise the project vulnerable and open to scrutiny. Lukes (2021) refers to nondecision-making to express that some issues are suffocated before they are expressed.Originality/valueThe regulation of accounting for emission rights, an area that has received scant attention in the literature, provides some insights into the different narrative mechanisms that, materialising in specific times and spaces, draw regulatory attention to particular accounting issues, which are problematised and, eventually, forgotten. This study also illustrates that identifying interests is problematic as actors shift from alternative positions over a long period. The case examined also raises some doubts about the previous effectiveness of international standard setters in dealing with matters of connectivity between the environment and finance, as is the case for accounting for emissions rights.
Visual attention differences toward football stadium’s naming rights: an eye tracking study
Authors: Lyu Dongye , Mañas-Viniegra Luis , Xu Ziyuan 
Published: July 2024

PurposeFootball stadiums, traditionally linked to local landmarks, now see a shift as corporate brands engage in naming rights through sponsorship. However, limited scholarly attention has focused on the perception of stadium toponyms. This research initiative aims to gauge attention garnered by football stadiums in Europe and China based on various naming rights options.Design/methodology/approachCommencing with a well-known European stadium: Allianz Arena (Munich) and new constructed stadium in China, the original naming rights have been proffered as stimuli, in comparison with two major technology brands as well as Coca-Cola, the historical sponsor of sport mega-events. A sample of 100 participants was analyzed using the eye-tracking technique to compare the perceptions of European and Chinese youth.FindingsThe conclusion drawn from the study is that for stadiums with a history of sponsorship, unedited versions of the pictures attract the most attention. Compared with technology brand, Coca-cola is the brand with the greatest ability to attract the attention of young people in both historical stadiums or new constructed stadium, acting as an impulse to the activation of the naming rights strategy due to its historical character as a sponsor of mega sporting events.Originality/valueThe research makes dual contributions, both theoretically and practically. It enhances comprehension of audience visual attention patterns in the context of football stadium naming rights sponsorship, employing cognitive attention theory to substantiate empirical evidence. Furthermore, it advances the existing literature on football stadium naming rights research. Additionally, it proposes an optimization tool to assess the effectiveness of naming rights sponsorships, offering valuable insights for companies and brands seeking to enhance their marketing strategies.