bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LES JUGES JUGEZ, SE JUSTIFIANTS(1663) AND EDMUND LUDLOW‘S PROTESTANT NETWORK IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY SWITZERLAND
Authors: MAHLBERG GABY 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis article aims to locate English republican thought and writing in a wider European context and to understand the personal connections that aided the distribution and reception of English republican ideas abroad. It does so through the case-study of a little-known pamphlet published by the English regicide Edmund Ludlow during his exile in Switzerland after the restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660.Les juges jugez, se justifiants(1663) was a French translation of the dying speeches and other miscellaneous texts of some of the English regicides, produced in Geneva and subsequently printed in Yverdon with the help of Ludlow's local Protestant network. Rather than propagating a secular republican ideology, Ludlow offered his work to a European Protestant audience in the language of Geneva, promoting a primarily religious cause in an attempt to make martyrs out of political activists. It is therefore to Ludlow's Protestant networks that we need to turn to find out more about the transmission of English republican ideas in francophone Europe and beyond.
PARLIAMENT AND SOME ROOTS OF WHISTLE BLOWING DURING THE NINE YEARS WAR
Authors: NEUFELD MATTHEW 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis article argues that the failed campaign of one former clerk against corruption in the Royal Navy's sick and wounded service during the Nine Years War sheds light on some roots of modern whistle blowing. During the 1690s, England's parliament took important steps towards becoming an organ of inquiry into the workings of all government departments. Parliament's desire for information that could assist it to check Leviathan's actions, coupled with the end of pre-publication censorship in 1695, encouraged the advent of pamphleteering aimed at showing how to improve or correct abuses within the administrative structure and practices of the expanding fiscal-military state. It was from this stream of informative petitioning directed at the Commons and the Lords that informants such as Samuel Baston, as well as George Everett, William Hodges, and Robert Crosfeild, tried to call time on either systematic injustices or particular irregularities within the naval service for what they claimed was the public interest. What they and others called ‘discovering’ governmental malfeasance should be seen as early examples of blowing the whistle on wrongdoing.
FRACTURED FAMILIES: EDUCATED ELITES IN BRITAIN AND FRANCE AND THE CHALLENGE OF THE GREAT WAR
Authors: IRISH TOMÁS 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis article examines the experiences of university elites in Britain and France during and after the First World War. It compares the elite network of the École Normale Supérieure with that of Trinity and King's Colleges in Cambridge, arguing that these communities functioned and understood themselves as families. The war, which suspended normal intellectual practice and placed mobilized university elites (as junior officers) at an increased risk of wounds or death, was seen as a threat to the very existence of the family. The article traces the responses of these groups to the outbreak of war, to the cessation of normal scholarly life, and to the shocking death rate; in so doing, it demonstrates the resilience of these networks. To date, historians have drawn on the writings of members of these families to make broader arguments about the war experience. This study is the first to examine the self-perception of these groups, and in so doing, provides a new context for scholarly activities during and after the war, bereavement, and remembrance, as well as for academic practices in the post-war period. As a Franco-British comparison, it argues for great similarities of experience between two superficially disparate university cultures
ON WAR AND PEACE: GERMAN CONCEPTIONS OF CONFLICT, 1792–1815
Authors: HEWITSON MARK 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis article re-examines some of the principal portrayals of military conflict in academic treatises and works of art, arguing that the changing visions of war and peace which they presented were indicative of a wider acceptance within critical sections of the various public spheres of the German lands. The majority of recent studies, which have sought to debunk the myth of national ‘wars of liberation’, have tended to overlook the reasons for and ramifications of such shifts. This study shows how contemporary commentators, faced with an unending series of revolutionary and Napoleonic campaigns, gave up any hope of a perpetual peace and accepted, however reluctantly, the necessity of military conflict. Writers', artists', academics', and other publicists' failure to acknowledge the actual conditions of revolutionary and Napoleonic warfare, despite evidence that the nature of combat had altered, meant that conflicts could be viewed as patriotic, heroic, and defensive struggles, which served to simplify the divided loyalties and complicated diplomacy of the Napoleonic era.
A VICTORIAN INVENTION? THOMAS THORNYCROFT'S ‘BOADICEA GROUP’ AND THE IDEA OF HISTORICAL CULTURE IN BRITAIN
Authors: VANDREI MARTHA 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis article examines the figure of Boudica (or Boadicea), with a specific focus on Thomas Thornycroft's Westminster Bridge statue, and on the work of the seventeenth-century antiquary, Edmund Bolton. By synthesizing historiography which investigates the idea of ‘historical culture’ in the modern and early modern periods, this article attempts to bridge chronological and generic divisions which exist in the study of the history of history. It argues that to fully understand the genealogy of popular historical ideas like Boudica, it is imperative that historians of such subjects take alongue-duréeapproach that situates individual artists and writers, and the historical-cultural works they produce, within their broader political, cultural, and social contexts while simultaneously viewing these works as part of a long, discursive process by which the past is successively reinterpreted. As a consequence, this article eschews an analysis of Boudica which labels her an ‘imperial icon’ for Victorian Britons, and argues that the relationship between contemporary context and the re-imagined past is not as straightforward as it might initially appear.
Salt as a public health challenge in continental European convenience and ready meals
Authors: Kanzler Sonja , Hartmann Christina , Gruber Anita , Lammer Guido , Wagner Karl-Heinz 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the salt content of continental European convenience and ready meals.DesignA multistage study in which, after laboratory analysis of the products’ salt contents (n32), new salt-reduced meals were developed through food reformulation. Additionally, a comprehensive survey of convenience meals from the Austrian market (n572) was conducted to evaluate the salt contents of a wider product range.SettingSix continental European countries participated.SubjectsNo subjects enrolled.ResultsThe salt contents of continental European convenience and ready meals mostly exceeded 1·8 g/100 g, which is 30 % of the targeted daily intake level; some contained even more than the recommended daily intake of 6 g. The highest salt contents were found in pizzas and pasta dishes, the lowest ones in sweet meals. Large variations in salt levels were found not only between and within meal type categories, but also between similar meals from different producers. In addition, our approach to develop new salt-reduced meals showed that a stepwise reduction of the ready meals’ salt contents is possible without compromising the sensory quality.ConclusionsTo address the problem of hypertension and increased risk for CVD through high salt intake, a reduction of the salt levels in continental European convenience and ready meals is urgently needed, since they are providing a major part of the daily salt intake. Successful national-wide salt reduction strategies in the UK or Finland have already demonstrated the public health impact of this setting.
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and consumption of functional foods among the Balearic Islands’ adolescent population
Authors: Ozen Asli Emine , Bibiloni Maria del Mar , Murcia María Antonia , Pons Antoni , Tur Josep A 
Published: May 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess differences in adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) between consumers and non-consumers of functional foods among the Balearic Islands’ adolescent population.DesignCross-sectional nutritional survey carried out (2007–2008) in the Balearic Islands, a Mediterranean region. Dietary assessment was based on a semi-quantitative FFQ and two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Anthropometric measurements and questions related to socio-economic status, physical activity and adherence to the MD were assessed.SettingData obtained from a representative sample of all inhabitants living in the Balearic Islands aged 12–17 years.SubjectsA random sample (n1961) of the adolescent population was interviewed.ResultsThe mean adherence to the MD among consumers of functional foods was 56·42 (sd6·05) % and 55·76 (sd5·41) % among non-consumers. Consumption of fruit juice, fibre-rich bread/cookies, cereal bars, fish and soya milk was higher among adolescents with high MD adherence, and consumption of modified milk, probiotics, breakfast cereals and infusions was higher among adolescents with low MD adherence. Daily intakes of functional dietary components from plant foods (dietary fibre, vitamins C and E, carotene, folic acid) were higher among adolescents with high MD adherence.ConclusionsThe Balearic Islands’ adolescent population had moderate adherence to the MD; higher adherence was observed among consumers of functional foods. Average daily intakes of functional foods and functional dietary components were higher among adolescents with high adherence to the MD. Gender, age and low parental education were risk factors for low adherence to the MD, mainly among non-consumers of functional foods.
The Rankin–Selberg integral with a non-unique model for the standard -function of
Authors: Gurevich Nadya , Segal Avner 
Published: May 2014

AbstractLet$\mathcal{L}^{S}\left (s,\pi ,{\mathfrak{st}}\right )$be a partial$\mathcal{L}$-function of degree$7$of a cuspidal automorphic representation$\pi $of the exceptional group$G_2$. In this paper we construct a Rankin–Selberg integral for representations having a certain Fourier coefficient.
Recognizing the Bank Robber and Spotting the Difference: Emotional
State and Global vs. Local Attentional Set
Authors: Pacheco-Unguetti Antonia Pilar , Acosta Alberto , Lupiáñez Juan 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn two experiments (161 participants in total), we investigated how current mood
influences processing styles (global vs. local). Participants watched a video of
a bank robbery before receiving a positive, negative or neutral induction, and
they performed two tasks: a face-recognition task about the bank robber as
global processing measure, and a spot-the-difference task using neutral pictures
(Experiment-1) or emotional scenes (Experiment-2) as local processing measure.
Results showed that positive mood induction favoured a global processing style,
enhancing participants’ ability to correctly identify a face even
when they watched the video before the mood-induction. This shows that, besides
influencing encoding processes, mood state can be also related to retrieval
processes. On the contrary, negative mood induction enhanced a local processing
style, making easier and faster the detection of differences between nearly
identical pictures, independently of their valence. This dissociation supports
the hypothesis that current mood modulates processing through activation of
different cognitive styles.
The tapetal AHL family protein TEK determines nexine formation in the pollen wall
Authors: Lou Yue , Xu Xiao-Feng , Zhu Jun , Gu Jing-Nan , Blackmore Stephen , Yang Zhong-Nan 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe pollen wall, an essential structure for pollen function, consists of two layers, an inner intine and an outer exine. The latter is further divided into sexine and nexine. Many genes involved in sexine development have been reported, in which the MYB transcription factor Male Sterile 188 (MS188) specifies sexine in Arabidopsis. However, nexine formation remains poorly understood. Here we report the knockout of TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT SILENCING VIA AT-HOOK (TEK) leads to nexine absence in Arabidopsis. TEK encodes an AT-hook nuclear localized family protein highly expressed in tapetum during the tetrad stage. Absence of nexine in tek disrupts the deposition of intine without affecting sexine formation. We find that ABORTED MICROSPORES directly regulates the expression of TEK and MS188 in tapetum for the nexine and sexine formation, respectively. Our data show that a transcriptional cascade in the tapetum specifies the development of pollen wall.
Reversible disassembly of the yeast V-ATPase revisited under in vivo conditions
Authors: Tabke Katharina , Albertmelcher Andrea , Vitavska Olga , Huss Markus , Schmitz Hans-Peter , Wieczorek Helmut 
Published: May 2014

Primary active proton transport by eukaryotic V-ATPases (vacuolar ATPases) is regulated via the reversible disassembly of the V1Vo holoenzyme into its peripheral catalytic V1 complex and its membrane-bound proton-translocating Vo complex. This nutrient-dependent phenomenon had been first detected in the midgut epithelium of non-feeding moulting tobacco hornworms (Manduca sexta) and in glucose-deprived yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Since reversible disassembly to date had been investigated mostly in vitro, we wanted to test this phenomenon under in vivo conditions. We used living yeast cells with V-ATPase subunits fused to green, yellow or cyan fluorescent protein and found that only the V1 subunit C (Vma5) was released into the cytosol after substitution of extracellular glucose with galactose, whereas the other V1 subunits remained at or near the membrane. FRET analysis demonstrated close proximity between V1 and Vo even under glucose-starvation conditions. Disassembly, but not reassembly, depended on functional microtubules. Results from overlay blots, pull-down assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation support the assumption that subunit C interacts directly with microtubules without involvement of linker proteins.
An EMG Study of the Lip Muscles During Covert Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Authors: Rapin Lucile , Dohen Marion , Polosan Mircea , Perrier Pascal , Lœvenbruck Hélène 
Published: May 2014

PurposeAuditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs) are speech perceptions in the absence of external stimulation. According to an influential theoretical account of AVHs in schizophrenia, a deficit in inner-speech monitoring may cause the patients' verbal thoughts to be perceived as external voices. The account is based on a predictive control model, in which individuals implement verbal self-monitoring. The authors examined lip muscle activity during AVHs in patients with schizophrenia to check whether inner speech occurred.MethodLip muscle activity was recorded during covert AVHs (without articulation) and rest. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used on 11 patients with schizophrenia.ResultsResults showed an increase in EMG activity in the orbicularis oris inferior muscle during covert AVHs relative to rest. This increase was not due to general muscular tension because there was no increase of muscular activity in the forearm muscle.ConclusionThis evidence that AVHs might be self-generated inner speech is discussed in the framework of a predictive control model. Further work is needed to better describe how inner speech is controlled and monitored and the nature of inner-speech-monitoring-dysfunction. This will lead to a better understanding of how AVHs occur.
Auditory Middle Latency Responses Differ in Right- and Left-Handed Subjects: An Evaluation Through Topographic Brain Mapping
Authors: Mohebbi Mehrnaz , Mahmoudian Saeid , Alborzi Marzieh Sharifian , Najafi-Koopaie Mojtaba , Farahani Ehsan Darestani , Farhadi Mohammad 
Published: May 2014

PurposeTo investigate the association of handedness with auditory middle latency responses (AMLRs) using topographic brain mapping by comparing amplitudes and latencies in frontocentral and hemispheric regions of interest (ROIs).MethodThe study included 44 healthy subjects with normal hearing (22 left handed and 22 right handed). AMLRs were recorded from 29 scalp electrodes in response to binaural 4-kHz tone bursts.ResultsFrontocentral ROI comparisons revealed that Pa and Pb amplitudes were significantly larger in the left-handed than the right-handed group. Topographic brain maps showed different distributions in AMLR components between the two groups. In hemispheric comparisons, Pa amplitude differed significantly across groups. A left-hemisphere emphasis of Pa was found in the right-handed group but not in the left-handed group.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that handedness is associated with AMLR components in frontocentral and hemispheric ROI. Handedness should be considered an essential factor in the clinical or experimental use of AMLRs.
Effects of Animation on Naming and Identification Across Two Graphic Symbol Sets Representing Verbs and Prepositions
Authors: Schlosser Ralf W. , Koul Rajinder , Shane Howard , Sorce James , Brock Kristofer , Harmon Ashley , Moerlein Dorothy , Hearn Emilia 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
The effects of animation on naming and identification of graphic symbols for verbs and prepositions were studied in 2 graphic symbol sets in preschoolers.

Method
Using a 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 completely randomized block design, preschoolers across three age groups were randomly assigned to combinations of symbol set (Autism Language Program [ALP] Animated Graphics or Picture Communication Symbols [PCS]), symbol format (animated or static), and word class (verbs or prepositions). Children were asked to name symbols and to identify a target symbol from an array given the spoken label.

Results
Animated symbols were more readily named than static symbols, although this was more pronounced for verbs than for prepositions. ALP symbols were named more accurately than PCS in particular with prepositions. Animation did not facilitate identification. ALP symbols for prepositions were identified better than PCS, but there was no difference for verbs. Finally, older children guessed and identified symbols more effectively than younger children.

Conclusions
Animation improves the naming of graphic symbols for verbs. For prepositions, ALP symbols are named more accurately and are more readily identifiable than PCS. Naming and identifying symbols are learned skills that develop over time. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
A Longitudinal Study of Language and Speech in Children Who Were Internationally Adopted at Different Ages
Authors: Glennen Sharon 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
The author followed 56 internationally adopted children during the first 3 years after adoption to determine how and when they reached age-expected language proficiency in Standard American English. The influence of age of adoption was measured, along with the relationship between early and later language and speech outcomes.

Method
Children adopted from Eastern Europe at ages 12 months to 4 years, 11 months, were assessed 5 times across 3 years. Norm-referenced measures of receptive and expressive language and articulation were compared over time. In addition, mean length of utterance (MLU) was measured.

Results
Across all children, receptive language reached age-expected levels more quickly than expressive language. Children adopted at ages 1 and 2 “caught up” more quickly than children adopted at ages 3 and 4. Three years after adoption, there was no difference in test scores across age of adoption groups, and the percentage of children with language or speech delays matched population estimates. MLU was within the average range 3 years after adoption but significantly lower than other language test scores.

Conclusions
Three years after adoption, age of adoption did not influence language or speech outcomes, and most children reached age-expected language levels. Expressive syntax as measured by MLU was an area of relative weakness.
Smad1 transcription factor integrates BMP2 and Wnt3a signals in migrating cardiac progenitor cells
Authors: Song Junfang , McColl James , Camp Esther , Kennerley Niki , Mok Gi Fay , McCormick Dominique , Grocott Timothy , Wheeler Grant N. , Münsterberg Andrea E. 
Published: May 2014

Significance
Prospective cardiac cells emerge during gastrulation and undergo long-range migration toward the ventral midline, where they fuse to give rise to a single contractile tube, which subsequently undergoes complex morphogenesis. How cardiac progenitor cells are guided in their movement by extrinsic signals is still enigmatic. We previously identified wingless-type family member (Wnt) 3a as an important guidance signal. Here we used live video microscopy in chick embryos to uncover a role for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in the control of cardiac progenitor cell migration. Functional approaches, complementation, and rescue experiments reveal cooperation between BMP signalling and the Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathway: both converge to stabilize activated SMA and MAD related protein. Insights into the molecular integration of signaling pathways in migrating cells affect our understanding of cardiac malformations during embryo development.
SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE5 Mediates Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage Adherence and Organization through Pectins
Authors: Griffiths Jonathan S. , Tsai Allen Yi-Lun , Xue Hui , Voiniciuc Cătălin , Šola Kre¡imir , Seifert Georg J. , Mansfield Shawn D. , Haughn George W. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Interactions between cell wall polymers are critical for establishing cell wall integrity and cell-cell adhesion. Here, we exploit the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed coat mucilage system to examine cell wall polymer interactions. On hydration, seeds release an adherent mucilage layer strongly attached to the seed in addition to a nonadherent layer that can be removed by gentle agitation. Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) is the primary component of adherent mucilage, with homogalacturonan, cellulose, and xyloglucan constituting minor components. Adherent mucilage contains rays composed of cellulose and pectin that extend above the center of each epidermal cell. CELLULOSE SYNTHASE5 (CESA5) and the arabinogalactan protein SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE5 (SOS5) are required for mucilage adherence through unknown mechanisms. SOS5 has been suggested to mediate adherence by influencing cellulose biosynthesis. We, therefore, investigated the relationship between SOS5 and CESA5. cesa5-1 seeds show reduced cellulose, RG I, and ray size in adherent mucilage. In contrast, sos5-2 seeds have wild-type levels of cellulose but completely lack adherent RG I and rays. Thus, relative to each other, cesa5-1 has a greater effect on cellulose, whereas sos5-2 mainly affects pectin. The double mutant cesa5-1 sos5-2 has a much more severe loss of mucilage adherence, suggesting that SOS5 and CESA5 function independently. Double-mutant analyses with mutations in MUCILAGE MODIFIED2 and FLYING SAUCER1 that reduce mucilage release through pectin modification suggest that only SOS5 influences pectin-mediated adherence. Together, these findings suggest that SOS5 mediates adherence through pectins and does so independently of but in concert with cellulose synthesized by CESA5.