bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age at natural menopause and its associated characteristics among Brazilian women: cross-sectional results from ELSI-Brazil
Authors: Ygnatios Nair Tavares Milhem , Mambrini Juliana Vaz de Melo , Torres Juliana Lustosa , Detomi Larissa Mendes Dias , Braga Luciana de Souza , Lima-Costa Maria Fernanda , Moreira Bruno de Souza 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to determine the median age at natural menopause and analyze lifestyle, anthropometric, and dietary characteristics associated with the age at natural menopause among Brazilian women.

Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 2,731 women 50 years and over, drawn from the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil, 2015/16). Nonparametric Kaplan-Meier cumulative survivorship estimates were used to assess the median timing of natural menopause. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to estimate the associations between age at natural menopause and exposure variables.

Results
The overall median age at natural menopause was 50 years. In the adjusted Cox model, current smoking (hazard ratio [HR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.23) and underweight (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.12-1.61) were associated with earlier natural menopause. Conversely, performing recommended levels of physical activity in the last week (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80-0.97), being overweight (HR 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74-0.99), and adhering to two or three healthy eating markers (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.97; HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61-0.94, respectively) were associated with later age at natural menopause. Binge drinking and waist circumference were not associated with age at natural menopause.

Conclusions
Lifestyle, anthropometric, and dietary characteristics are significant factors that affect the age at natural menopause. Our findings can contribute to public policies targeted at Brazilian women's health.
The Importance of Financial Statements in Clinical Practice
Authors: Chandawarkar Rajiv , Nadkarni Prakash , Barmash Elizabeth , Capek Allison , Casey Kathleen 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Financial statements provide vital information to department chiefs and hospital leadership alike. They reflect departmental performance and guide critical financial decisions for their teams. However, financial statements can be inherently difficult to read and interpret and require time and attention, understandably challenging for busy clinicians.

Methods:
Here, we aimed to demystify the several types of financial statements, including profit and loss statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements, and explain what they reveal (and ignore). We describe key performance indicators based on these statements that are routinely used by hospital administrations. This work targets clinicians, team leaders, academic faculty, and administrators alike, recognizing that all of them share the same goals.

Results:
Mastering the basics of financial statements and using the information within them creates a healthier clinical practice. In turn, it enhances provider satisfaction and enables the team to deliver patient care without financial anxiety.

Conclusions:
Understanding financial statements helps shared decision-making between clinicians and their administrators—strengthening partnerships that synergistically drive revenue, profitability, and growth.
Study of a Subcutaneous Lesion of the Shoulder: The Saint Paolino Tumor
Authors: Manfellotto Vincenzo , Ferraro Giuseppe A. , Lombardi Guido , Ronchi Andrea , Franco Renato , Nicoletti G. F. , Mataro Ilaria 
Published: July 2024

Summary:
In certain small counties in southern Italy, traditional Catholic festivals are observed by erecting tall, large, and weighty wagons referred to as “lilies.” These wagons are borne on the shoulders of several individuals known as “cradles.” This practice has given rise to the emergence of a distinct subcutaneous neoformation on the shoulder. This study investigates the unique clinical and anatomopathological attributes of “Saint Paolino tumor” (named in honor of the Catholic patron of the widely celebrated lilies festival). This tumor presents as a posttraumatic intermittent chronic lesion occurring on the shoulder, necessitating differential diagnosis from other cutaneous and soft tissue lesions such as spontaneous lipomas, elastofibroma, Madelung disease, and liposarcoma.
A Long-term Evaluation of Acellular Dermal Matrix for Immediate Implant-based Breast Reconstruction following Risk-reducing Mastectomy
Authors: Khan Nida , Wickman Marie , Schultz Inkeri 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) are sometimes used in implant-based breast reconstructions (IBR), but long-term ADM-related evaluations are scarce. In this study, we evaluated early and late complications and patient-related outcomes (PROs) over an 8-year postoperative period in women who had undergone immediate IBR following risk-reducing mastectomy with bovine ADM (SurgiMend).

Methods:
This prospective observational single-center analysis involved 34 women at high risk for breast carcinoma. Complications were prospectively recorded during the first year, followed by 4 years of postoperative retrospective chart reviews. Long-term evaluations were done using a questionnaire. Preoperative, 1 year, and 5- to 8-year postoperative PRO assessments were obtained based on results from the BREAST-Q questionnaire.

Results:
In 56 breasts, complications after a mean of 12.4 months follow-up included implant loss (7.1%), implant change (1.8%), hematoma (7.1%), breast redness (41.1%), and seroma (8.9%). Most breasts (80.3%) were graded Baker I/II, which indicated a low capsular contracture incidence. After a mean of 6.9 years, the total implant explantation rate was 33.9%, and the revision surgery rate was 21.4%. Two cases of breast cancer were reported during the long-term evaluation. BREAST-Q results indicated significantly decreased satisfaction with outcome (P = 0.024). A positive trend regarding psychosocial well-being and declining trend regarding satisfaction with both breast physical- and sexual well-being parameters were reported.

Conclusions:
The observed complication rates agree with previous findings concerning ADM-assisted IBR. A high demand for revision surgery exists, and PROs remain relatively stable over time.
Revolutionizing triple-negative metastatic breast cancer treatment: sacituzumab Govitecan’s role in advancing chemotherapy
Authors: Qureshi Zaheer , Jamil Abdur , Altaf Faryal , Siddique Rimsha , Fatima Eeshal , Dost Sara , Zelkowitz Richard Scott , Shah Shivendra 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This review aims to discuss the role and efficacy of Sacituzumab Govitecan in the management of breast cancer.

Summary:
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women worldwide. This comprehensive review delves into the advancements brought about by Sacituzumab Govitecan in the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). With a focus on its mode of action, efficacious role, clinical trials, and comparative advantages over conventional chemotherapy, the review highlights the therapy’s precision in targeting cancer cells through monoclonal antibodies. Sacituzumab Govitecan’s ability to deliver a chemotherapeutic payload specifically to cancer cells with the Trop-2 receptor sets it apart from traditional chemotherapy, minimizing collateral damage and reducing severe side effects. The impact of Sacituzumab Govitecan on improving progression-free survival, tumor response rates, and, significantly, the quality of life for patients is discussed. This article also sheds light on ongoing trials, FDA recognition, and the therapy’s potential to transform breast cancer treatment.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, Sacituzumab Govitecan shows potential as an innovative therapeutic option for breast cancer, particularly in metastatic breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, but it warrants additional research.
A New Method in Dealing With Children’s Condylar Fracture by Botulinum Toxin A Injection in Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
Authors: Lu Chenpei , Zhu Yanfei , Zhang Wenbin , Xu Bing 
Published: July 2024

Condylar is one of the most vulnerable sites to be traumatized in pediatric mandible fracture, while temporomandibular joint ankylosis might be the most severe complication of condylar fracture in children. There exists a long-time controversy on the treatment of condylar fractures in children. Considering the risk of facial nerve injury and a certain probability of absorption or even ankylosis after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of condylar fractures, a series of nonsurgical approaches are preferred in cases without severe malocclusion or shortening of the ramus. Our treatment plan was carried out through combining procedures of Botulinum toxin A injection in lateral pterygoid muscle with ORIF of para symphyseal fracture; subsequently, a conservative way of the occlusal splint with elastic traction was performed. Three patients of bilateral or unilateral condylar fractures, aged between 2 y and 6 y, were involved in this treatment. After more than 1 year’s follow-up, the occlusion was satisfactory in all patients. Condylar remodeling was approximately complete in 3 months, and no unwanted complications were observed. We may expect this method to offer a new idea when dealing with children’s condylar fracture.
Critical roles of Ikaros and HDAC1 in regulation of heterochromatin and tumor suppression in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ding Yali , He Bing , Bogush Daniel , Schramm Joseph , Singh Chingakham , Dovat Katarina , Randazzo Julia , Tukaramrao Diwakar , Hengst Jeremy , Annageldiyev Charyguly , Kudva Avinash , Desai Dhimant , Sharma Arati , Spiegelman Vladimir S. , Huang Suming , Viet Chi T. , Dorsam Glenn , Scholler Giselle Saulnier , Broach James , Yue Feng , Dovat Sinisa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTheIKZF1gene encodes IKAROS – a DNA binding protein that acts as a tumor suppressor in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). IKAROS can act as a transcriptional repressor via recruitment of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and chromatin remodeling, however the mechanisms through which Ikaros exerts its tumor suppressor function via heterochromatin in T-ALL are largely unknown. We studied human and mouse T-ALL using a loss-of-function andIKZF1 re-expression approach, along with primary human T-ALL, and normal human and mouse thymocytes to establish the role of Ikaros and HDAC1 in global regulation of facultative heterochromatin and transcriptional repression in T-ALL. Results identified novel Ikaros and HDAC1 functions in T-ALL: Both Ikaros and HDAC1 are essential for EZH2 histone methyltransferase activity and formation of facultative heterochromatin; recruitment of HDAC1 by Ikaros is critical for establishment of H3K27me3 histone modification and repression of active enhancers; and Ikaros-HDAC1 complexes promote formation and expansion of H3K27me3 Large Organized Chromatin lysine (K) domains (LOCKs) and Broad Genic Repression Domains (BGRDs) in T-ALL. Our results establish the central role of Ikaros and HDAC1 in activation of EZH2, global regulation of the facultative heterochromatin landscape, and silencing of active enhancers that regulate oncogene expression.
An Autonomous Implantable Device for the Prevention of Death from Opioid Overdose
Authors: Ciatti Joanna L. , Vazquez-Guardado Abraham , Brings Victoria E. , Park Jihun , Ruyle Brian , Ober Rebecca A. , McLuckie Alicia J. , Talcott Michael R. , Carter Emily A. , Burrell Amy R. , Sponenburg Rebecca A. , Trueb Jacob , Gupta Prashant , Kim Joohee , Avila Raudel , Seong Minho , Slivicki Richard A. , Kaplan Melanie A. , Villalpando-Hernandez Bryan , Massaly Nicolas , Montana Michael C. , Pet Mitchell , Huang Yonggang , Morón Jose A. , Gereau Robert W. , Rogers John A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOpioid overdose accounts for nearly 75,000 deaths per year in the United States, representing a leading cause of mortality amongst the prime working age population (25-54 years). At overdose levels, opioid-induced respiratory depression becomes fatal without timely administration of the rescue drug naloxone. Currently, overdose survival relies entirely on bystander intervention, requiring a nearby person to discover and identify the overdosed individual, and have immediate access to naloxone to administer. Government efforts have focused on providing naloxone in abundance but do not address the equally critical component for overdose rescue: a willing and informed bystander. To address this unmet need, we developed the Naloximeter: a class of life-saving implantable devices that autonomously detect and treat overdose, with the ability to simultaneously contact first-responders. We present three Naloximeter platforms, for both fundamental research and clinical translation, all equipped with optical sensors, drug delivery mechanisms, and a supporting ecosystem of technology to counteract opioid-induced respiratory depression. In small and large animal studies, the Naloximeter rescues from otherwise fatal opioid overdose within minutes. This work introduces life-changing, clinically translatable technologies that broadly benefit a susceptible population recovering from opioid use disorder.
An efficient deep learning method for amino acid substitution model selection
Authors: Tinh Nguyen Huy , Vinh Le Sy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmino acid substitution models play an important role in studying the evolutionary relationships among species from protein sequences. The amino acid substitution model consists of a large number of parameters; therefore, it is estimated from hundreds or thousands of alignments. Both general models and clade–specific models have been estimated and widely used in phylogenetic analyses. The maximum likelihood method is normally used to select the best fit model for a specific protein alignment under the study. A number of studies have discussed theoretical concerns as well as computational burden of the maximum likelihood methods in model selection. Recently, machine learning methods have been proposed for selecting nucleotide models. In this paper, we propose methods to create summary statistics from protein alignments to efficiently train a network of so-called ModelDetector based on the convolutional neural network ResNet-18 for detecting amino acid models. Experiments on simulation data showed that the accuracy of ModelDetector was comparable with that of the maximum likelihood method ModelFinder. The ModelDetector network was trained from 64,800 alignments on a computer with 8 cores (without GPU) in about 12 hours. It is orders of magnitudes faster than the maximum likelihood method in inferring amino acid substitution models and able to analyze genome alignments with million sites in minutes.
Dissociation between biomechanical stiffness and sEMG activity in trapezius and lumbar skeletal muscles in steady postures
Authors: Veraksitš Alar , Reinvee Märt , Ereline Jaan , Gapeyeva Helena , Kums Tatjana , Gavronski Georg , Pääsuke Mati , Vasar Eero 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundProlonged sitting posture and sedentary behaviour, spent mostly in sitting are harmful for general health. The low back and shoulder area are the most vulnerable. In these regions the sEMG registration of neuromuscular activity shows low activity in steady postures. Stiffness of according muscle can be measured by myotonometry. We were not able to find any direct comparison between these parameters although separately, direct correlations between contraction force and sEMG or stiffness have been clearly established.Research questionWhether and how stiffness is modulated by neuromuscular activity in standing, lying or in different sitting postures in these vulnerable regions.MethodsThe muscle’s biomechanical stiffness (measured with MyotonPRO) and mean power frequency (MPF) with amplitude (AMP) on surface electromyography (sEMG) were registered in the upper part ofmusculus trapezius(UT) andmusculus erector spinae(ES, at the level of L4 vertebrae). Nine healthy physically active males aged 19–46 (mean±SD, 28.6±10.9 years), participated in the study. The standing, prone, and three sitting postures where studied. The latter were distinguished by the back-tight-angle (BTA): 1) sitting on a common chair, straight back, BTA 90°), 2) slumped sitting on the same chair (BTA<90°), and 3) sitting on an experimental chair with a convex base, BTA 115-120°.Results and SignificanceMuscle stiffness did not correlate with either of the sEMG parameters in ES but did so only in low grade with the AMP in UT (Spearman rank ρ=0.24, p=0.02). It was interesting that contrary to UT, in ES a significant positive correlation (ρ=0.24, p=0.02) was noted between MPF and AMP. It is likely that the steady body position under the Earth’s g-force may be ensured by the biomechanical characteristics of the tissue rather than neuromuscular activity. This can be explained by incompressible nature of soft tissues and be a less resource-consuming strategy.HighlightsMuscle stiffness in the low back is similar to standing straight and lying.In steady postures muscle stiffness does not correlate with neuromuscular activity.Body position is consolidated by the muscle’s biomechanical stiffness.
An expedited qualitative profiling of free amino acids in plant tissues using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in conjunction with MS-DIAL
Authors: Kaachra Anish , Tamang Anish , Hallan Vipin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe estimation of relative levels of amino acids is crucial for understanding various biological processes in plants, including photosynthesis, stress tolerance, and the uptake and translocation of nutrients. A wide range of liquid chromatography (LC; HPLC/UHPLC) -based methods is available for measuring the quantity of amino acids in plants. Additionally, the coupling of LC with mass spectrometry (MS) significantly enhanced the robustness of existing chromatographic methods used for amino acid quantification. However, accurate annotation and integration of mass peaks can be challenging for plant biologists with limited experience in analyzing MS data, especially in studies involving large datasets with multiple treatments and/or replicates. Further, there are instances when the experiment demands an overall view of the amino acids profile rather than focusing on absolute quantification. The present protocol provides a detailed LC-MS method for obtaining a qualitative amino acids profile using MS-DIAL, a versatile and user-friendly program for processing MS data. Free amino acids were extracted from the leaves of control and Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV)-infectedNicotiana benthamianaplants. Extracted amino acids were derivatized and separated using UHPLC-QTOF, with each amino acid subsequently identified by aligning mass data with a custom text library created in MS-DIAL. Further, MS-DIAL was employed for internal standard-based normalization to obtain a qualitative profile of 15 amino acids in control and virus-infected plants. The outlined method aims to simplify the processing of MS data to quickly assess any modulation in amino acid levels in plants with a higher degree of confidence.
Density-dependent network structuring within and across wild animal systems
Authors: Albery Gregory F , Becker Daniel J , Firth Josh A , Silk Matthew , Sweeny Amy R , Wal Eric Vander , Webber Quinn , Allen Bryony , Babayan Simon A , Barve Sahas , Begon Mike , Birtles Richard J , Block Theadora A , Block Barbara A , Bradley Janette E , Budischak Sarah , Buesching Cfhristina , Burthe Sarah J , Carlisle Aaron B , Caselle Jennifer E , Cattuto Ciro , Chaine Alexis S , Chapple Taylor , Cheney Barbara J , Clutton-Brock Timothy , Collier Melissa , Curnick David J , Delahay Richard J , Farine Damien R , Fenton Andy , Ferretti Francesco , Fielding Helen , Foroughirad Vivienne , Frere Celine , Gardner Michael G , Geffen Eli , Godfrey Stephanie S , Graham Andrea L , Hammond Phil S , Henrich Maik , Heurich Marco , Hopwood Paul , Ilany Amiyaal , Jackson Joseph A , Jackson Nicola , Jacoby David , Jacoby Ann-Marie , Ježek Miloš , Kirkpatrick Lucinda , Klamm Alisa , Klarevas-Irby James A , Knowles Sarah , Koren Lee , Krzyszczyk Ewa , Kusch Jillian M , Lambin Xavier , Lane Jeffrey E , Leirs Herwig , Leu Stephan T , Lyon Bruce E , MacDonald David W , Madsen Anastasia E , Mann Janet , Manser Marta , Mariën Joachim , Massawe Apia , McDonald Robbie A , Morelle Kevin , Mourier Johann , Newman Chris , Nussear Kenneth , Nyaguthii Brendah , Ogino Mina , Ozella Laura , Papastamatiou Yannis , Paterson Steve , Payne Eric , Pedersen Amy B , Pemberton Josephine M , Pinter-Wollman Noa , Planes Serge , Raulo Aura , Rodríguez-Muñoz Rolando , Sabuni Christopher , Sah Pratha , Schallert Robbie J , Sheldon Ben C , Shizuka Daizaburo , Sih Andrew , Sinn David L , Sluydts Vincent , Spiegel Orr , Telfer Sandra , Thomason Courtney A , Tickler David M , Tregenza Tom , VanderWaal Kimberley , Walters Eric L , Wanelik Klara M , Wielgus Elodie , Wilson-Aggarwal Jared , Wohlfeil Caroline , Bansal Shweta 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh population density should drive individuals to more frequently share space and interact, producing better-connected spatial and social networks. Despite this widely-held assumption, it remains unconfirmed how local density generally drives individuals’ positions within wild animal networks. We analysed 34 datasets of simultaneous spatial and social behaviour in >55,000 individual animals, spanning 28 species of fish, reptiles, birds, mammals, and insects. >80% of systems exhibited strongly positive relationships between local density and network centrality, providing broad empirical evidence that local density increases connectedness at the individual level. However, >75% of density-connectedness relationships were nonlinear, and density’s importance declined at higher values in >70% of systems, signifying saturating effects. Density’s effect was much stronger and less saturating for spatial than social networks, suggesting population density drives individuals to become disproportionately spatially connected rather than socially. These findings reveal fundamental trends underlying societal structuring, with widespread behavioural, ecological, and evolutionary implications.