bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging and surgical planning for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Endo Itaru , Matsuyama Ryusei , Mori Ryutaro , Taniguchi Koichi , Kumamoto Takafumi , Takeda Kazuhisa , Tanaka Kuniya , Köhn Alexander , Schenk Andrea 
Published: February 2014

Abstract Recent advances in multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) offer several benefits for management of perihilar tumors. Resection planning for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma should consider two factors: safety and curability. Recognition of individual anatomic variations is particularly important for avoiding intraoperative injury. In particular, hepatic arterial variations often restrict resection procedures. Extent of both longitudinal and vertical invasion by biliary tumors can be estimated from multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images. Longitudinal extent of resection can be planned based on two anatomic landmarks, the U point and the P point, readily identifiable in preoperative 3‐dimensional (3D) images and by intraoperative inspection. Concerning vertical invasion, when direct vascular invasion is suspected from a finding of attachment of tumor and vessels such as portal veins and/or hepatic arteries without a thin low‐density plane of separation shown by MPR, these vessels should be resected en bloc with the tumor. Surgical team members can plan and simulate details of vascular resection and reconstruction using 3D images. Reduced operative morbidity and increased R0 resection rates are expected because of better planning of procedures. These techniques soon may increase long‐term survival for patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Indications for portal vein embolization in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Higuchi Ryota , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: February 2014

Abstract Preoperative portal vein embolization (PVE) is often performed as a routine procedure before extended hepatectomy to minimize postoperative liver failure. However, the indications for PVE in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA), which differ between institutions, remain controversial. In the present study, we examined the indications for PVE in patients with PCCA. A comprehensive meta‐analysis of PVE was performed using the PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases. The present study, which included 3033 patients (45 publications), compared the results of 836 cases in the PCCA group and 2197 cases in the other hepatic tumor (OHT) group. In the PCCA group, percent future remnant liver (%FRL) and ratio of %FRL to indocyanine green (ICG) were used as criteria in 71% and 25% of cases, respectively, and a %FRL < 40% was used as indication for PVE in 90% of cases. The rates of resection of the bile duct, simultaneous pancreaticoduodenectomy, and reconstruction of the portal vein and hepatic artery were high in the PCCA group (P < 0.001). Mortality after hepatectomy was 3.7% in the PCCA group and 1.9% in the OHT group (P < 0.001). The indication for PVE in PCCA patients is %FRL < 40% in many institutions. The indications for PVE in PCCA patients should be distinguished from those in other hepatic tumors because of the complex surgery required for PCCA.
Temporal and spatial variability of frost‐free seasons in the Great Lakes region of the United States
Authors: Yu Lejiang , Zhong Shiyuan , Bian Xindi , Heilman Warren E. , Andresen Jeffrey A. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe frequency and timing of frost events and the length of the growing season are critical limiting factors in many human and natural ecosystems. This study investigates the temporal and spatial variability of the date of last spring frost (LSF), the date of first fall frost (FFF), and the length of the frost‐free season (FFS) in the Great Lakes region of the United States using two gridded reanalysis datasets for the period of 1980–2010. Across most of the Great Lakes region, there has been a negative trend for the LSF and a positive trend for the FFF, leading to a lengthening of FFS. The three variables vary spatially across the region and exhibit large interannual variability. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses indicate that the first mode for the three variables, which accounts for about 30% of the total variance, is in phase across most of the Great Lakes region and that it appears to be related to Pacific North American (PNA) pattern in the case of LSF and to Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in the case of FFF and FFS. The main reason for these connections is that the 200‐hPa geopotential height anomaly over North America induced by a Rossby wave train influences the strength of the trough over North America, which in turn affects surface temperatures over the Great Lakes region. The second mode, explaining about 10% of the total variance, mainly shows the out‐of‐phase variability between the Great Lakes and the surrounding land and it appears to be related to the circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) in the case of LSF and again to PDO in the case of FFF and FFS.
Spatiotemporal patterns in the mean and extreme temperature indices of India, 1971–2005
Authors: Panda Dileep K. , Mishra A. , Kumar A. , Mandal K. G. , Thakur A. K. , Srivastava R. C. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThis study provides the comprehensive analysis of changes in mean and extreme temperature indices of India to assist the climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and to add information for the global comparisons, using a high‐resolution daily gridded temperature data set (1° × 1°) during 1971–2005. In addition to the indices recommended by the World Meteorological Organization/CLIVAR Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices, few more indices having social and agricultural implication are investigated at the seasonal and annual scales, utilizing widely adopted statistical methodologies in climate research. The results show, in general, a robust signal of warming, broadly consistent with what has been observed and predicted in other parts of the world in the context of global warming. The frequency and intensity of warm extremes, especially representing the daily minimum temperature, have increased with simultaneous decreases in cold extremes in large parts of the country, but the spatial distribution of the trend magnitude reflects the complex natural climatic settings of India and its possible interaction with the anthropogenic forcing. Seasonal analysis reveals a faster warming in day and night temperatures in winter affecting the major wheat crop. In summer, however, both human and ecosystems appear to be more vulnerable to the increasing tendency of the heatwave occurrences, particularly during night‐time, since the 1990s. The relationship with the large‐scale natural climatic modes indicates that the warming indices tend to increase in the year following the El Niño events as evident from the correlation with the NINO3.4 index, with a relatively higher association in the monsoon season. Moreover, the concurrent correspondence of the summer heatwaves with the north Indian Ocean sea surface temperature suggests a degree of predictability of the heat stress episode.
The Chinese Version of the Revised Creativity Domain Questionnaire (CDQ‐R): First Evidence for its Factorial Validity and Systematic Association with the Big Five
Authors: Werner Christian H. , Tang Min , Kruse Joachim , Kaufman James C. , Spörrle Matthias 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe present study examines the factor structure of a Chinese version of the Revised Creativity Domain Questionnaire (CDQ‐R; Kaufman, Waterstreet, Ailaouni, Whitcomb, Roe, & Riggs, 2009) as well as its relation to Big Five personality traits within a Chinese sample (N = 787). Analyses indicate the appropriateness of the Chinese version of the CDQ‐R in terms of internal consistency, factorial validity as well as convergent and divergent validity concerning the Big Five personality factors. Revealing some culture‐specific variation, confirmatory factor analysis indicated a slight superiority of a five‐factor model for this Chinese sample over the existing four‐factor model established with American samples. This higher level of differentiation in terms of one factor of the creativity domain could be explained on the basis of the specific characteristics of the Chinese culture.
Thinking Inside the Tool Box: Creativity, Constraints, and the Colossal Portraits of Chuck Close
Authors: Stokes Patricia D. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis article presents a problem‐solving model to examine the often problematic relationship between expertise and creativity. The model has two premises, each the opposite of a common cliché. The first cliché asserts that creativity requires thinking outside‐the‐box. The first premise argues that experts can only think and problem solve inside the tool boxes of their expertise. The second cliché, that creativity requires freedom from constraints, points to the problem with expertise. Free to do anything, experts repeat what has worked best in the past. A solution is suggested by the second premise: to circumvent the liabilities of expertise, creativity requires constraints of a particular paired kind. The model is introduced as an expansion of prior process models focused on problem identification and construction. Problem‐finding is reanalyzed as constraint‐finding. A case study shows how one recognized creator, painter Chuck Close, uses constraints as a tool to solve the expertise‐creativity problem.
Recovery of phosphorus fertilizer in potato as affected by application strategy and soil type
Authors: Ekelöf J. E. , Lundell J. , Asp H. , Jensen E. S. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPhosphorus (P) fertilizers are usually supplied prior to or at planting of potato even though most P is taken up 40 to 80 d after emergence. This may lead to inefficient P use as a result of P leaching or fixation in the soil. This study evaluates the effects of split P application at multiple times during the growth period according to the plant's need for P. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Ditta) was grown in pots in climate chambers, and radioactive 32P isotope was used to distinguish between the fertilizer and soil‐derived P sources. Two soils were tested in combination with five application rates of P, and the plants were harvested at four dates. The results show that the recovery of P fertilizer can be significantly enhanced if the P supply is split. The result also showed that the proportion of soil‐derived P, accumulated in the plant, was significantly reduced both when more fertilizer P was applied to the soil and when P supply was split into several applications. The positive effects of multiple P applications on the P recovery were greatest in the soil with low P status and low buffer capacity.
High‐mobility self‐aligned top‐gate oxide TFT for high‐resolution AM‐OLED
Authors: Morosawa Narihiro , Nishiyama Masanori , Ohshima Yoshihiro , Sato Ayumu , Terai Yasuhiro , Tokunaga Kazuhiko , Iwasaki Junji , Akamatsu Keiichi , Kanitani Yuya , Tanaka Shinji , Arai Toshiaki , Nomoto Kazumasa 
Published: February 2014

AbstractHigh‐mobility and highly reliable self‐aligned top‐gate oxide thin‐film transistor (TFTs) were developed using the aluminum reaction method. Al diffusion to the oxide semiconductor and homogenization of the oxygen concentration in the depth direction after annealing were confirmed by laser‐assisted atom probe tomography. The high mobility of the top‐gate TFT with amorphous indium tin zinc oxide channel was demonstrated to be 32 cm2/V s. A 9.9‐in. diagonal qHD active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AM‐OLED) display was fabricated using a five‐mask backplane process to demonstrate an applicable solution for large‐sized and high‐resolution AM‐OLEDs.
Crumple zone effect of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses on posterior cranial fossa
Authors: Lee Thomas S. , Kellman Robert , Darling Andrew 
Published: February 2014

Objectives/HypothesisExamine a protective crumple zone effect of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity on skull base fractures.Study DesignRandomized‐control, cadaveric study.MethodsIn the experimental group (n = 4), the nasal cavity and bilateral sinuses of cadavers were obliterated with bone cement, whereas the control group (n = 4) had native sinus architecture. Increasing frontal, glabellar impacts were introduced. Each impact event was examined with a high‐speed video camera and sphenoid sinus pressure sensor. After each impact, computed tomography scans were performed and fracture sites were analyzed.ResultsThe control group with intact sinuses showed statistically longer time duration, during which kinetic energy transfer occurred, and longer sphenoid wall pressure equilibrium time after an impact (P < 0.05). In the experimental group, there were statistically higher fracture incidences of clivus, petrous portion of internal carotid, occipital bone, and foramen magnum (P < 0.05). The type A pattern (n = 6) had anterior skull base failure occurring before posterior skull base failure. Type B pattern (n = 2), seen only in two experimental specimens, is marked by premature posterior skull base collapse occurring before anterior skull base failure with grossly disrupted posterior cranial fossa structures.ConclusionThe presence of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses behaves as a crumple zone to protect the cranial structures, preferentially posterior cranial fossa. Obliteration of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses with bone cement significantly increased structural tolerance of the anterior cranial vault to frontal, glabellar impacts at the cost of premature, posterior cranial fossa failure.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope 124:2241–2246, 2014
Pramipexole reverses Parkinson's disease‐related motivational deficits in rats
Authors: Favier Mathieu , Duran Theo , Carcenac Carole , Drui Guillaume , Savasta Marc , Carnicella Sebastien 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTRecent evidence suggests that Parkinson's disease affects not only movement, but also cognitive and psychiatric functions. Among these nonmotor complications, apathy, which is defined as a lack of motivation and operationalized as a quantitative reduction in goal‐directed behavior, may even precede motor impairments, disappearing with the introduction of dopaminergic (DA) therapies and possibly reappearing with its discontinuation, suggesting a causal role of DA. We recently developed a lesion‐based model, with stereotaxic infusion of 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) into precise areas of the rat SNc or ventral tegmental area and showed, in several operant tasks, that a partial denervation of the nigrostriatal, but not of the mesocorticolimbic, DA system induced profound motivational deficits during instrumental action. We investigated the time course of the effects of nigrostriatal DA denervation on motivation in rats, by assessing the negative effect of SNc bilateral 6‐OHDA infusion on preacquired operant behavior, and determining whether the induced deficits were sensitive to the introduction and withdrawal of a clinically relevant PD treatment, the DA D2/D3 receptor agonist, pramipexole (PRA). Partial nigrostriatal DA denervation was accompanied by a significant reduction in operant behavior. This deficit, indicative of a decrease in motivation, was fully reversed by PRA and reappeared after treatment withdrawal. This longitudinal preclinical study provides evidence for the implication of the DA nigrostriatal system in PD‐associated apathy. Moreover, by showing a good isomorphy and predictive value, our model highlights the relevance of D2/D3 receptors as potential targets for alleviating apathy in PD. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
CTSC and Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome: detection of recurrent mutations in Hungarian patients, a review of published variants and database update
Authors: Nagy Nikoletta , Vályi Péter , Csoma Zsanett , Sulák Adrienn , Tripolszki Kornélia , Farkas Katalin , Paschali Ekaterine , Papp Ferenc , Tóth Lola , Fábos Beáta , Kemény Lajos , Nagy Katalin , Széll Márta 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPapillon–Lefèvre syndrome (PLS; OMIM 245000) is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and periodontitis. In 1997, the gene locus for PLS was mapped to 11q14‐21, and in 1999, variants in the cathepsin C gene (CTSC) were identified as causing PLS. To date, a total of 75 different disease‐causing mutations have been published for the CTSC gene. A summary of recurrent mutations identified in Hungarian patients and a review of published mutations is presented in this update. Comparison of clinical features in affected families with the same mutation strongly confirm that identical mutations of the CTSC gene can give rise to multiple different phenotypes, making genotype–phenotype correlations difficult. Variable expression of the phenotype associated with the same CTSC mutation may reflect the influence of other genetic and/or environmental factors. Most mutations are missense (53%), nonsense (23%), or frameshift (17%); however, in‐frame deletions, one splicing variant, and one 5′ untranslated region (UTR) mutation have also been reported. The majority of the mutations are located in exons 5–7, which encodes the heavy chain of the cathepsin C protein, suggesting that tetramerization is important for cathepsin C enzymatic activity. All the data reviewed here have been submitted to the CTSC base, a mutation registry for PLS at http://bioinf.uta.fi/CTSCbase/.
A rare sequence variant in intron 1 of THAP1 is associated with primary dystonia
Authors: Vemula Satya R. , Xiao Jianfeng , Zhao Yu , Bastian Robert W. , Perlmutter Joel S. , Racette Brad A. , Paniello Randal C. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Uitti Ryan J. , Van Gerpen Jay A. , Hedera Peter , Truong Daniel D. , Blitzer Andrew , Rudzińska Monika , Momčilović Dragana , Jinnah Hyder A. , Frei Karen , Pfeiffer Ronald F. , LeDoux Mark S. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAlthough coding variants in THAP1 have been causally associated with primary dystonia, the contribution of noncoding variants remains uncertain. Herein, we examine a previously identified Intron 1 variant (c.71+9C>A, rs200209986). Among 1672 subjects with mainly adult‐onset primary dystonia, 12 harbored the variant in contrast to 1/1574 controls (P < 0.01). Dystonia classification included cervical dystonia (N = 3), laryngeal dystonia (adductor subtype, N = 3), jaw‐opening oromandibular dystonia (N = 1), blepharospasm (N = 2), and unclassified (N = 3). Age of dystonia onset ranged from 25 to 69 years (mean = 54 years). In comparison to controls with no identified THAP1 sequence variants, the c.71+9C>A variant was associated with an elevated ratio of Isoform 1 (NM_018105) to Isoform 2 (NM_199003) in leukocytes. In silico and minigene analyses indicated that c.71+9C>A alters THAP1 splicing. Lymphoblastoid cells harboring the c.71+9C>A variant showed extensive apoptosis with relatively fewer cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Differentially expressed genes from lymphoblastoid cells revealed that the c.71+9C>A variant exerts effects on DNA synthesis, cell growth and proliferation, cell survival, and cytotoxicity. In aggregate, these data indicate that THAP1 c.71+9C>A is a risk factor for adult‐onset primary dystonia.
Reference values for dynamic facial muscle ultrasonography in adults
Authors: Volk Gerd Fabian , Sauer Maik , Pohlmann Martin , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Ultrasonography can detect structural muscle changes caused by neuromuscular disease, but it has not yet been applied to facial nerve diseases. Quantitative analysis would be the preferred method to determine whether ultrasound findings are within normal limits, but there are no normative data for mimic muscles. The purpose of this study was to provide gender‐specific normative ultrasonography data for muscle area, diameter, and contractility for mimic and masticatory muscles in adults.Methods: Bilateral scans of multiple mimic and masticatory muscles were performed at rest and during contraction in 140 volunteers, aged 21–93 years.Results: Almost all mimic muscles, but not the temporalis muscles, had symmetric size. The muscle sizes showed gender differences and a muscle‐specific correlation with body weight, but not with age.Conclusions: These data provide normative values that can be used in clinical practice.Muscle Nerve50: 348–357, 2014
Influence of needle electrode depth on DE‐STA motor unit number estimation
Authors: Ives Colleen T. , Doherty Timothy J. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIntroduction: To assess a potential source of technique‐associated error, we evaluated the influence of needle electrode depth on decomposition‐enhanced spike‐triggered averaging (DE‐STA) motor unit number estimation (MUNE) and quantitative motor unit analysis in the upper trapezius (UT). Methods: The DE‐STA MUNE protocol was performed at superficial, intermediate, and deep needle electrode depths in 18 control subjects. Results: Mean surface‐detected motor unit potential amplitudes were significantly smaller for intermediate versus superficial (P < 0.05), deep versus superficial (P < 0.001), and deep versus intermediate (P < 0.05). MUNE was significantly larger for deep versus superficial (P < 0.001), with statistical trends toward larger MUNE values at greater depths for the remaining comparisons. No significant differences were found among needle electrode depths for quantitative motor unit potential parameters. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the important influence of needle electrode depth on DE‐STA MUNE in the UT. Suggestions are made for improved standardization of the protocol. Muscle Nerve 50: 587–592, 2014
Efficient sparse polynomial chaos expansion methodology for the probabilistic analysis of computationally‐expensive deterministic models
Authors: Al‐Bittar T. , Soubra A.‐H. 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARYThe sparse polynomial chaos expansion (SPCE) methodology is an efficient approach that deals with uncertainties propagation in case of high‐dimensional problems (i.e., when a large number of random variables is involved). This methodology significantly reduces the computational cost with respect to the classical full PCE methodology. Notice however that when dealing with computationally‐expensive deterministic models, the time cost remains important even with the use of the SPCE. In this paper, an efficient combined use of the SPCE methodology and the Global Sensitivity Analysis is proposed to solve such problem. The proposed methodology is firstly validated using a relatively non‐expensive deterministic model that involves the computation of the PDF of the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip footing resting on a weightless spatially varying soil where the soil cohesion and angle of internal friction are modeled by two anisotropic non‐Gaussian cross‐correlated random fields. This methodology is then applied to an expensive model that considers the case of a ponderable soil. A brief parametric study is presented in this case to show the efficiency of the proposed methodology. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.