bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O Elo Entre Saúde Global e HIV/Aids: Uma Revisão de Teses e Dissertações Brasileiras
Authors: Malgarin Juliane Soldi , Orsatto Sofia de Moraes , Paulo Deyse Anne Barbosa de , Almeida Marcio José de , Bellani William Augusto Gomes de Oliveira 
Published: July 2024

A saúde global é fundamental para o desenvolvimento econômico dos países, pois transcende fronteiras nacionais e requer abordagens abrangentes para lidar com questões de saúde, particularmente em populações vulneráveis. O Brasil desempenha um papel ativo na diplomacia da saúde global, fortalecendo sua influência por meio da cooperação internacional. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo revisar teses e dissertações produzidas em Programas de Pós-Graduação no Brasil sobre a saúde global e o HIV/Aids. A análise incluiu seis produções, os temas abordados incluíram fatores influenciadores na efetividade do combate ao HIV/Aids e a cooperação internacional. A discussão se dividiu em dois eixos principais: cooperação internacional e fatores influenciadores na abordagem do HIV/Aids. As conclusões apontam para evolução e necessidade de ampliar os estudos nessa área, visando aprimorar abordagens e estratégias para combater efetivamente a epidemia do HIV/Aids.
ADSORPTION TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER FROM POLLUTANTS WITH CARBONATE SLUDGE
Authors: Aikenova N. E. , Azat S. , Sarsembin U. K. , Shynar Sh. A. 
Published: July 2024

When using water for the technical needs of industrial enterprises, it needs to be purified to regulatory standards of maximum permissible concentrations, which is energy- and resource-intensive. To effectively purify industrial wastewater from various pollutants, waste from various industries is increasingly being used, which show a high degree of wastewater purification and are inexpensive.In the article, carbonate sludge is used as an adsorbent - a large-tonnage waste from chemical water treatment shops of thermal power plants. This paper presents the results of a study of the characteristics of the sorption material – granular modified carbonate sludge (GrMKSh). Data on the effectiveness of using the sorption material GrMKSh for treating wastewater from phenols is presented: the output adsorption curve under dynamic conditions is obtained, the efficiency of wastewater treatment from phenols is calculated, which is 99.2%. The results of biotesting of an aqueous extract of GrMKSh saturated with phenols on fish of the species Poesilia reticulata Pet. and crustacean Daphnia magna Str. It has been shown that purified water does not have an acute toxic effect on test objects.
One year “ADAPT system” use for proximal femoral fracture osteosynthesis with intramedullary nail . A case control study.
Authors: Gurzì Michele Dario , Cianni Luigi , Mazzella Giovan Giuseppe , Calori Sara , Libutti Eugenio , Vitiello Raffaele , Maccauro Giulio , Nannerini Massimiliano 
Published: July 2024

Introduction Proximal femoral fractures (PFF) are a significant health concern among the elderly, often leading to complications and high mortality rates. Intramedullary nailing is widely considered the most effective treatment for lateral proximal femoral fractures (LPFF), with the Tip Apex Distance (TAD) being a crucial predictor of surgical success. This study aimed to compare outcomes between patients treated with and without the ADAPT (ADAptive Positioning Technology) system, which aids in the precise placement of the cephalic screw. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 97 patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated in 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: those treated with the ADAPT system (group I, n=34) and those treated without it (group II, n=63). Fractures were classified according to AO/OTA classification. The primary outcomes measured were operative time, cephalic screw angle, TAD, and incidence of lag screw cut-out. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests and t-tests, with significance set at P < 0.05. Results The ADAPT system did not significantly reduce TAD (18.21 mm in the ADAPT group vs. 19.94 mm in the control group, p=0.149). Operative times were similar between the groups. The incidence of lag screw cut-out was low in both groups, with no significant differences. The study confirmed a strong correlation between higher TAD and increased risk of screw cut-out, underscoring the importance of precise screw placement. Discussion Computer-assisted surgery, such as the ADAPT system, aims to enhance the accuracy of cephalic screw placement. In this study, the ADAPT system didn’t demonstrate a statistically significant advantage in reducing TAD or preventing screw cut-out. Nevertheless, the critical role of TAD in preventing fixation failure was reaffirmed, emphasising the need for precise surgical techniques. Conclusion While the ADAPT system did not show a significant advantage in reducing TAD or preventing screw cut-out in this study, the importance of achieving optimal TAD in cephalomedullary nailing was reinforced. Future research should continue to explore the role of computer-assisted systems in enhancing surgical accuracy and improving outcomes for patients with LPFF.
Penerapan Model PjBL (Project Based Learning) untuk Meningkatan Kretivitas Siswa melalui Mata Pelajaran P5PPRA pada Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di Kelas IV MIN Kota Bima
Authors: Mahiratin Mahiratin , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Kusumawati Yayuk 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini diangkat dari fenomena yang terjadi ketika pada siswa kelas IV MIN Kota Bima yang menunjukan kedisiplinan mereka terhadap waktu ketika mengikuti mata pelajaran P5PPRA serta adanya jiwa kreativitas yang di miliki siswa yang mampu bermuat akhir sebagai kewirausahaan dan sebagainya. Melalui penerapan model PjBL akan meningkatkan kreativitas siswa pada mata pelajaran P5PPRA yang bukan hanya membentuk siswa yang mampu membuat produk kerajinan dan olahan makanan namun juga tetap termuat nilai agama, pancasila, sosial dan masih banyak lagi dalam membentuk akhlak karakter siswa yang lebih mencintai agamanya, bangsanya sehingga berguna dalam mengharumkan diri dan bangsanya lewat kreativitas produk dan karakter yang makin menarik. Penulisan ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini berlokasi di MIN Kota Bima. Informan kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru kelas dan informan pendukungnya yaitu siswa kelas 4 serta diperkuat melalui artikel dll. Untuk mengumpulkan data, penulis melakukan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Setelah data terkumpul, penulis menganalisis data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model Project Based Learning meningkatkan kreativitas siswa melalui mata pelajaran P5PPRA “proyek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila dan profil pelajar rahmatan lil’alamin” pada kurikulum merdeka belajar di kelas IV MIN Kota Bima.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS COM A POLIFARMÁCIA EM PESSOAS IDOSAS VIVENDO COM O HIV/Aids: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Martins Grande Pâmella Cristina , Welter Wendt Guilherme 
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Este estudo aborda a polifarmácia e seus fatores associados em pessoas idosas que vivem com HIV/Aids, destacando a importância de compreender a complexidade terapêutica nessa população a fim de promover a longevidade e qualidade de vida. A população idosa está em crescimento, sendo o diagnóstico tardio do HIV/Aids e o estigma relacionado ao vírus fatores que tornam a adesão ao tratamento mais difícil. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sobre o fenômeno da polifarmácia na população idosa, identificando os principais problemas relacionados aos medicamentos em uso, bem como as possíveis implicações na adesão e eficácia do tratamento. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura, que mapeia a produção acadêmica sobre o tema da polifarmácia em pessoas idosas que vivem com o HIV/Aids entre 2012 e 2023. Foram utilizados descritores e palavras-chave específicos em bases de dados selecionadas, assim como critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos previamente. Resultados: Foram selecionados 81 artigos nas plataformas PubMed, LILACS e BVS. Desses, trinta foram considerados, tendo em vista os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos e, portanto, analisados em sua completude. Conclusão: O estudo apontou que além de considerar os problemas associados à polifarmácia, é preciso disseminar conhecimento sobre a sexualidade na terceira idade visando prevenir o diagnóstico tardio do HIV/Aids. É essencial que haja preparação dos serviços de saúde e que sejam realizadas pesquisas e ações voltadas às pessoas idosas, com o objetivo de assegurar-lhe o diagnóstico precoce, o cuidado adequado e o tratamento integrado.
Ações de atualização do ensino de física básica para engenharias no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Costa José Benicio da Cruz , Rodrigues Alexandre Guimarães , Neves Renato Martins das , Lynch Gilberto Martins 
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho apresenta como referencial teórico três conceitos fundamentais para esta pesquisa: Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos Cursos de Graduação de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Urbanismo - DCN; inovação / modernização / atualização educacional e ensino de física para as engenharias. Objetivando a realização de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura - RSL que investigou as ações de inovação, modernização ou atualização do ensino de Física Básica para as engenharias nos últimos cinco anos, a partir da publicação no Brasil das Novas - DCNs, em 2019. A RSL foi conduzida de acordo com o protocolo PRISMA₢ sob registro Digital Object Identifier DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/7KYSB, no banco de revisões da Center for Open Science no endereço https://osf.io/7kysb/. Foram selecionados os estudos que apresentam para o ensino de física nas engenharias abordagens metodológicas diferentes das consideradas usuais e publicados nos repositórios eletrônicos da Scielo Brasil, Revista Brasileira de Educação em Engenharia, Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Educação em Engenharia, Livros e Documentos Técnicos publicados pela Associação Brasileira de Educação em Engenharia, compreendendo um banco com 2297 trabalhos e ao utilizar palavras-chave relacionadas ao tema. Inicialmente, foram identificados 56 estudos potencialmente relevantes, dos quais 42 foram incluídos na análise final. Da análise emergiram sete categorias de inovações, havendo evidências de um largo leque de possibilidades de inovação. Também evidenciou-se que mesmo a física sendo reconhecida como uma das bases da formação do engenheiro não existem trabalhos publicados que apresentem estruturas didáticas completas com foco nesta modalidade de ensino evidenciando-se assim uma lacuna a ser explorada em outras pesquisas
STATEGI FOOD AND AGICULTURE ORGANIZATION DALAM MENGATASI KRISIS PANGAN AKIBAT CUACA EKSTRIM DI SUB-SAHARA
Authors: Al Farauqi Mohamad Dziqie Aulia , Marantika Rofiyana Sri 
Published: July 2024

Sub-Sahara Afrika adalah salah satu kawasan yang paling sedikit berkontribusi terhadap perubahan iklim global, namun kawasan ini merupakan salah satu yang paling rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim dan cuaca ekstrim. Selain faktor iklim rendahnya tingkat pembangunan ekonomi dan teknologi di Sub-Sahara Afrika juga menjadi salah satu faktor negara ini di landa krisis pangan dan manusia. FAO (Food And Argiculture Organization) berkontribusi mengatasi masalah ketahanan pangan di seluruh dunia dan menjamin kebebasan manusia dari kelaparan. Dalam penelitian ini membahas bagaimana stategi organisai internasional Food And Argiculture Organization (FAO) dalam menangani permasalahan ketahanan pangan dan manusia akibat perubahan iklim dan cuaca ekstrim di negara-negara Sub-Saharan Afrika. Dengan adanya bantuan FAO negara negara di Sub-Saharan Afrika dapat menerapkan beberapa program yang memberi keuntungan terutama terhadap pangan, pertanian dan peternakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan stategi FAO dalam menangani krisis pangan akibat cuaca ekstrim di Sub-Sahara Afrika. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Dalam menganalisa penelitian ini di gunakan konsep food security dan Transnational and Interstate Interactions untuk menganalisis peran FAO (organisasi pangan dan pertanian) FAO menyediakan bantuan teknis di bidang pertanian untuk ketahanan pangan di Sub-Saharan Afrika. FAO selaku organisasi internasional yaitu sebagai inisiator dan fasilitator aktor non-negara yang berupaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan ketahanan pangan dan manusia akibat cuaca ekstrim.
INFLUENCE	TAXPAYERS' PERCEPTION OF DIGITIZATION OF TAX REPORTING IN THE PURBALINGGA REGION PRICES
Authors: Widodo Nur Aliya , Fathonah Isnan 
Published: July 2024

Tax digitalization is an innovation that aims to optimize tax administration and encourage efficiency in the tax reporting process. This research aims to evaluate the extent of taxpayers' perceptions of tax digitalization in the Purbalingga area, with a focus on aspects of convenience, compliance and taxpayer satisfaction. The object of this research is individual taxpayers registered with KPP Pratama in the Purbalingga area. The research sample consisted of 44 taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Purbalingga, who had filled out the questionnaire distributed in this research. The analytical method used is a quantitative approach. The results of the research show that perceptions of convenience, compliance and taxpayer satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on the digitalization of taxation as a more effective and efficient tax reporting medium.
Odds of Attaining Orthopaedic Leadership Based on Race, Ethnicity, and Sex
Authors: Smith Tobin Z. , DeYoung Joshua K. , Pum John M. , Zurakowski David , Templeton Kimberly , Day Charles S. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Despite widespread acceptance of the importance of diversity in leadership, systemic challenges in leadership attainment in orthopaedic surgery still exist for several groups. We hypothesize that women, underrepresented in medicine groups, and Asians have decreased odds of achieving program director and chairperson positions compared with peers.

Methods:
Demographic data were collected from the Association of American Medical Colleges for faculty, program directors, and chairpersons in orthopaedic surgery. Odds ratios were calculated treating race, ethnicity, or sex as the predictor variables and attainment of a leadership position as the outcome, comparing the composition of program directors in 2020 and chairpersons in 2019 with faculty in 2019.

Results:
Significantly decreased odds were found for women at 0.37 (0.264 to 0.51 [P < 0.0001]) and the Other category at 0.16 (0.065 to 0.3864 [P = 0.0001]) while significantly increased odds were found for White and Black/African American faculty at 1.32 (1.02 to 1.71 [P = 0.0314]) and 1.95 (1.17 to 3.26 [P = 0.011]), respectively, in holding program director positions. Significantly decreased odds of attaining chairpersonship were found for women at 0.17 (0.07 to 0.41 [P = 0.0075]) and Asian faculty at 0.33 (0.14 to 0.75 [P = 0.0062]) while White faculty demonstrated significantly increased odds at 2.43 (1.41 to 4.19 [P = 0.0013]).

Conclusions:
Women showed markedly decreased odds of leadership attainment while Black/African American faculty had increased likelihood of becoming program directors but were not markedly more likely to become chairs. Asian faculty were less likely to become program directors and markedly less likely to become chairs. While decreased odds for women were expected based on current literature, decreased odds of Asians becoming chairs and an increased likelihood of Black/African American orthopaedic surgeons becoming program directors but not attaining the role of chairs at the same rate were novel findings, revealing concerning trends for these groups.
Orthopaedic Surgery and Indusry: What our Potential Patients Believe
Authors: Parikh Harin B. , Ewing Brett , Tseng Cassie C. , Yoshida Ryu , Kulber David A. , Kuschner Stuart H. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
Physician and surgeon involvement in industry has received considerable attention in recent decades. In this study, we outline the perspective of the general US population regarding (1) disclosure, (2) ownership, and (3) compensation between physicians/surgeons and industry. We hypothesize that the general population would be largely supportive of the physician/surgeon-industry relationship.

Methods:
An online, survey-based, descriptive study was conducted through a crowdsourcing platform, Amazon Mechanical Turk. Survey respondents were presented with a seven-item questionnaire inquiring about the physician/surgeon and industry relationship. An “attention check” question was included; those who failed this question were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the data and a McNemar chi-squared test for paired, dichotomous data.

Results:
A total of 993 respondents were included. Survey responses are summarized in Table 1. 70.6% of respondents stated that it was “important” or “extremely important” to disclose that the patient be informed whether implants used in surgery had been developed by the operating surgeon. 71.1% of respondents reported that it was “important” or “extremely important” to disclose partial ownership within industry. Seventy-one percent of respondents stated it was “important” or “extremely important” to disclose royalty payments pertaining to surgical implants. 95.6% of respondents suggested that it was acceptable for surgeons to accept free airfare and lodging, and 95.2% of respondents stated that it was acceptable for the surgeon to be compensated for time away from practice to learn about new equipment.

Discussion:
In our survey of 993 respondents, we found that relationships with industry are considered acceptable if appropriate disclosure is given to patients. We also found that although respondents suggested that physicians and surgeons may be influenced by a free meal, compensation for trips to try new equipment and time spent away from practice is considered appropriate.

Level of evidence:
2c, Ecological studies.
Investigating the Determinants of Nonaccidental Trauma Evaluation in Pediatric Femur Fractures
Authors: Hauschild Maia H. , Omar Hanna N. , Bauer Matthew , Sarkisova Natalya , Lee Christopher J. , Wren Tishya A. L. , Goldstein Rachel Y. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Femoral fractures in children have the highest probability for abuse after skull fractures and humeral shaft fractures. However, the reported proportion of pediatric femur fractures that result from nonaccidental trauma (NAT) varies in the literature from 2% to 60%. The purpose of this study was to determine the patient characteristics associated with a physician's decision to conduct a NAT workup and challenge universal clinical practice guidelines stating that all children younger than 3 years with a diaphyseal femur fracture be evaluated for NAT.

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted on patients aged 0 to 36 months diagnosed with a femur fracture between January 1, 2004, and April 9, 2019, at our institution. NAT was defined as a diagnosis of trauma that was nonaccidental in the medical chart after a positive workup by skeletal survey, ophthalmological examination, or other appropriate referral made by the institution's child abuse and neglect team. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.

Results:
A total of 299 patients were identified, and 22 were excluded. 71% (197/277) were screened for NAT. Patients younger than 1 year were significantly more likely to undergo a NAT workup (P = 0.009; Odds Ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.4) and receive a positive result from the NAT workup (P < 0.0005; OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 4.6 to 27.4). Additional injuries were also a significant predictor of a positive NAT workup (P < 0.001; OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 2.4 to 11.9). Patient race/ethnicity, sex, and fracture type were not markedly associated with the physician's decision to conduct a NAT workup.

Conclusions:
Infants younger than 1 year with a femur fracture and children younger than 3 years presenting with a femur fracture and another injury are at increased risk of possible NAT. While clinical practice guidelines may minimize racial bias in NAT evaluation, this study demonstrates that universal NAT workups for walking-age children in the absence of other evidence of abuse may be unnecessary.

Level of evidence:
This is a Level III retrospective cohort study.
Survivor-victim perspectives on the possibility of restorative justice conferencing after sexual assault
Authors: Chisholm Kate , Koss Mary 
Published: July 2024

Survivor-victim perspectives on the possibility of restorative justice conferencing after sexual assault
Many have called to hear directly from the survivor-victim (SV) of sexual violence regarding their wants and needs after enduring this harmful experience. We previously reported on broad SV needs, perceptions of the extent needs are met, and criminal legal system (CLS) experiences. This qualitative study used the same sample (N = 11 CLS utilisers and 10 non-utilisers). After an overview of criminal, civil and restorative justice models, participants viewed a brief presentation on restorative justice conferencing. Following it, all participants were asked about their reactions to restorative justice conferencing. The analytic approach used computer-assisted qualitative data (CAQDA) analysis and ATLAS.ti software. The major finding was that reactions to restorative justice conferencing were mixed and were linked with prior CLS experiences and crime characteristics. A convergence of opinion unfolded wherein initial detractors became more positive about how restorative justice conferencing could help some people, if not themselves. Despite hesitancy or insufficient knowledge to fully endorse restorative justice conferencing as an avenue to improve CLS experience, ultimately all SVs believed it should be an available option. The results have implications for broader education on restorative justice in communities to support implementation of alternative justice options, particularly restorative justice conferencing.
Alterations in the metabolism of nitrogenous products of Bulimulus tenuissimus (mollusca) in response to experimental infection with larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (nematoda)
Authors: Martins Florence Gonçalves , Garcia Juberlan Silva , Pinheiro Jairo 
Published: July 2024

Mollusks are an essential requirement for the completion of the life cycle by the metaastrogilid nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the causative agent of infections in domestic and wild animals, mainly rodents, and also of neural angiostrongyliasis or eosinophilic meningitis in humans. The terrestrial gastropod Bulimulus tenuissimus is widely distributed in the Brazilian territory and there are other species of the same genus that occur in Brazil and other countries, overlapping with the regions where there are reports on the occurrence of A. cantonensis and angiostrongyliasis. Despite this, the records in the literature about this species as an intermediate host for A. cantonensis are recent. The present study aimed to experimentally infect the mollusk B. tenuissimus, using L1 larvae of A. cantonensis, under laboratory conditions, and to monitor the physiological changes that occurred in the metabolism of nitrogen products. The concentration of total proteins increased in the first week (19.56%), returning to values close to those observed for the control group, which seemed to be related to tissue lysis, since the same pattern of variation was observed for AST and ALT activities. Associated with this, an inversion of the excretory pattern, becoming predominantly uricotelic, was observed in the second week after exposure, returning to the ureotelic pattern at the end of the pre-patent period. The results reveal that B. tenuissimus is an experimental host that presents a physiological response pattern to infection with A. cantonensis robust, being able to maintain its basic physiological processes, in addition to meeting the demand of the developing parasite.