bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First detection of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2) in goldfish (Carassius auratus) in France
Authors: Boitard P‐M , Baud M , Labrut S , de Boisséson C , Jamin M , Bigarré L 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMassive mortalities of Carassius auratus (L.) occurred in a farm in France during summer 2014. Fish presented anorexia, loss of scales and large amounts of mucus on the gills. Necrosis of the distal tip of the filament and the lamellae, combined with fusion of the lamellae, was observed, as well as necrosis in the hematopoietic organs and in the digestive tract. The histological examination led to hypothesize the implication of a virus in the mortality. The presence of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2) in dead fish was demonstrated by amplification and sequencing of portions of the DNA polymerase and helicase genes, both sequences exhibiting 100% identity with CyHV‐2 from Japan. In an attempt to find genetic markers of variation, two regions containing tandem repeats in the Japanese genome were amplified from a virus‐positive sample from the present outbreak. A first region (mB) was fully identical to the Japanese isolate. However, the second region (mA) exhibited a range of deletions and substitutions compared to CyHV‐2 from Japan. This is the first report of CyHV‐2 in France in association with mortality of goldfish and the first identification of a molecular marker for its tracing.
Effect of two fluoride varnishes on the color stability of three resin‐based restorative materials: an in vitro study
Authors: Tafaroji Raha , Biria Mina , Ameri Farhad , Torabzadeh Hassan , Qahari Pasha , Akbarzadeh Baghban Alireza 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two fluoride varnishes on color stability of three resin‐based restorative materials.MethodsFifty‐four discs (14.5 × 1.7 mm) were fabricated from A2 and A3 shades of a compomer (F2000), a flowable composite (Z350), and a hybrid composite (Z250), and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Dura Shield (colored) and Fluor Protector (colorless) fluoride varnishes were applied onto the discs. The coating was cleaned using a low‐speed handpiece and nylon bristle brush after 24 h of storage in distilled water. A second coating was then applied. A control group with no coating was immersed in distilled water and used. The CIE L*a*b* color scale was measured before the treatments and following each cleaning utilizing a spectrophotometer.ResultsThe colored fluoride varnish exhibited the highest overall color change (∆E) after the first and the second cleaning procedures in all the materials. Among these, the greatest color change was observed in the A3 shade of F2000, followed by the A3 shade of Z‐250. The ∆E was less than 3.3 in all groups, and was therefore clinically acceptable.ConclusionColor changes following the application of fluoride varnishes were found to be clinically acceptable in all groups.
Cone‐beam computed tomography and the dentist
Authors: MacDonald David 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAlthough cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) is just 15 years old, it has revolutionized the practice of dentistry, so much so, there is hardly a dental specialty which has not been affected by this technology. Nevertheless, it presents the dentist with a number of important challenges. An initial steep learning curve must be addressed without unnecessary exposure to the patient. This is particularly important when the patient is a child.
Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics, and floral reproductive isolation among closely related species of Pedicularis
Authors: Liu Ya‐Nan , Li Yan , Yang Fu‐Sheng , Wang Xiao‐Quan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFloral nectar is thought to be one of the most important rewards that attract pollinators in Pedicularis; however, few studies have examined variation of nectary structure and/or nectar secretion in the genus, particularly among closely related species. Here we investigated nectary morphology, nectar quality, and nectar production dynamics in flowers of Pedicularis section Cyathophora. We found a conical floral nectary at the base of the ovary in species of the rex‐thamnophila clade. Stomata were found on the surface of the nectary, and copious starch grains were detected in the nectary tissues. In contrast, a semi‐annular nectary was found in flowers of the species of the superba clade. Only a few starch grains were observed in tissues of the semi‐annular nectary, and the nectar sugar concentration in these flowers was much lower than that in the flowers of the rex‐thamnophila clade. Our results indicate that the floral nectary has experienced considerable morphological, structural, and functional differentiation among closely related species of Pedicularis. This could have affected nectar production, leading to a shift of the pollination mode. Our results also imply that variation of the nectary morphology and nectar production may have played an important role in the speciation of sect. Cyathophora.
Evaluation of high yielding soybean germplasm under water limitation
Authors: Prince Silvas J. , Murphy Mackensie , Mutava Raymond N. , Zhang Zhengzhi , Nguyen Na , Kim Yoon Ha , Pathan Safiullah M. , Shannon Grover J. , Valliyodan Babu , Nguyen Henry T. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLimited information is available for soybean root traits and their plasticity under drought stress. To date, no studies have focused on examining diverse soybean germplasm for regulation of shoot and root response under water limited conditions across varying soil types. In this study, 17 genetically diverse soybean germplasm lines were selected to study root response to water limited conditions in clay (trial 1) and sandy soil (trial 2) in two target environments. Physiological data on shoot traits was measured at multiple crop stages ranging from early vegetative to pod filling. The phenotypic root traits, and biomass accumulation data are collected at pod filling stage. In trial 1, the number of lateral roots and forks were positively correlated with plot yield under water limitation and in trial 2, lateral root thickness was positively correlated with the hill plot yield. Plant Introduction (PI) 578477A and 088444 were found to have higher later root number and forks in clay soil with higher yield under water limitation. In sandy soil, PI458020 was found to have a thicker lateral root system and higher yield under water limitation. The genotypes identified in this study could be used to enhance drought tolerance of elite soybean cultivars through improved root traits specific to target environments.
ANAC005 is a membrane‐associated transcription factor and regulates vascular development inArabidopsis
Authors: Zhao Jun , Liu Jiang‐Shu , Meng Fu‐Ning , Zhang Zhen‐Zhen , Long Hao , Lin Wen‐Hui , Luo Xiao‐Min , Wang Zhi‐Yong , Zhu Sheng‐Wei 
Published: July 2015

AbstractVascular tissues are very important for providing both mechanical strength and long‐distance transport. The molecular mechanisms of regulation of vascular tissue development are still not fully understood. In this study we identified ANAC005 as a membrane‐associated NAC family transcription factor that regulates vascular tissue development. Reporter gene assays showed that ANAC005 was expressed mainly in the vascular tissues. Increased expression of ANAC005 protein in transgenicArabidopsiscaused dwarf phenotype, reduced xylem differentiation, decreased lignin content, repression of a lignin biosynthetic gene and genes related to cambium and primary wall, but activation of genes related to the secondary wall. Expression of a dominant repressor fusion of ANAC005 had overall the opposite effects on vascular tissue differentiation and lignin synthetic gene expression. The ANAC005‐GFP fusion protein was localized at the plasma membrane, whereas deletion of the last 20 amino acids, which are mostly basic, caused its nuclear localization. These results indicate that ANAC005 is a cell membrane‐associated transcription factor that inhibits xylem tissue development inArabidopsis.
Linking thermodynamic modelling, Lu–Hf geochronology and trace elements in garnet: new P–T–t paths from the Sevier hinterland
Authors: Cruz‐Uribe A. M. , Hoisch T. D. , Wells M. L. , Vervoort J. D. , Mazdab F. K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMajor element, trace element and Lu–Hf geochronological data from amphibolite facies pelitic schist in the Raft River and Albion Mountains of northwest Utah and southern Idaho indicate that garnet grew during increasing pressure, interpreted to be the result of tectonic burial and crustal thickening during Sevier orogenesis. Garnet growth was interrupted by hiatuses interpreted from discontinuities in major element zonation. Pressure–temperature paths were determined from the pre‐hiatus portions of the garnet chemical zoning profiles and indicate an increase of ~2 kbar and ~50 °C in the western Raft River Mountains. Garnet Lu–Hf dates of 150 ± 1 Ma in the western Raft River Mountains and 138.7 ± 0.7 Ma and 132 ± 5 Ma in the southern Albion Mountains indicate the timing of garnet growth. Lutetium garnet zoning profiles indicate that the Lu–Hf ages are biased towards the post‐hiatus or outer pre‐hiatus segments, indicating that the determined ages likely post‐date the recorded P–T path history or date the tail end of the paths. Crustal thickening associated with Sevier orogenesis in the western Raft River Mountains thus began slightly before 150 ± 1 Ma, in the Late Jurassic. This study shows that integrating P–T paths determined from garnet growth zoning with Lu–Hf garnet geochronology and in situ garnet trace element analyses is an effective approach for interpreting and dating deformation events in orogenic belts.
Are positive allosteric modulators of α7 nAChRs clinically safe?
Authors: Uteshev Victor 
Published: July 2015

A comment on “Positive allosteric modulation of alpha‐7 nicotinic receptors promotes cell death by inducing Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum” by M. Cano‐Abad et al. (2014) J Neurochem 133(3), 309–319 (DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13049).
Headless Myo10 is a regulator of microtubule stability during neuronal development
Authors: Yu Huali , Sun Dong , Wang Nannan , Wang Min , Lan Yongsheng , Fan Wenqiang , Zhao Yang , Guo Weixiang , Zhu Xiaojuan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractStabilized microtubules are required for neuronal morphogenesis and migration. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that myosin X (Myo10), which is composed of full‐length myosin X (fMyo10) and headless myosin X (hMyo10), is important for axon development. fMyo10 is involved in axon elongation, whereas hMyo10 is critical for Tau‐1 positive axon formation through stabilizing microtubules. Furthermore, in vivo studies reveal that hMyo10‐mediated microtubule stability has a profound effect on both neuronal migration and dendritic arborization in the mammalian cerebral cortex. Taken together, our findings suggest that hMyo10 is involved in neuronal development both in vitro and in vivo by regulating microtubule stability.
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In this study, we demonstrate that headless myosin X (hMyo10) is involved in microtubule stability regulation, which is important for neuronal morphogenesis and migration. In vitro studies reveal that hMyo10 regulates Tau‐1 positive axon formation through stabilizing microtubules. Furthermore, in vivo studies reveal that hMyo10‐mediated microtubule stability has a profound effect on radial cortical neuronal migration and apical dendritic arborization.
Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities of paraoxonase‐1 (PON‐1), mild cognitive impairment, and 2‐year conversion to dementia: A pilot study
Authors: Cervellati Carlo , Trentini Alessandro , Romani Arianna , Bellini Tiziana , Bosi Cristina , Ortolani Beatrice , Zurlo Amedeo , Passaro Angelina , Seripa Davide , Zuliani Giovanni 
Published: July 2015

AbstractConverging lines of evidence suggest that paraoxonase‐1 (PON‐1) may confer protection against inflammatory and oxidative challenge which, in turn, plays a key‐role in the onset and progression of dementia. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether serum PON‐1 paraoxonase/arylesterase activities might predict the clinical conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) or vascular dementia (VAD). Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were measured by spectrophotometric assays at baseline in 141 MCI patients (median age: 77 years; interquartile range 71–81) and in 78 healthy controls (median age: 76 years; interquartile range 73–79). After 2 years of follow‐up, 86 MCI remained stable (MCI/MCI), 34 converted to LOAD (MCI/LOAD), whereas 21 converted to VAD (MCI/VAD). Baseline arylesterase activity was lower in all MCI groups compared with controls (all p < 0.01), whereas paraoxonase activity was lower in MCI/VAD group compared to controls (p < 0.05) and MCI/MCI patients (p = 0.009). Low paraoxonase and arylesterase activities (I quartile) were associated to higher risk of conversion to VAD (OR: 3.74, 95% CI: 1.37–10.25 and OR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.17–8.56, respectively). Our results suggest that in MCI patients low PON‐1 activity might contribute to identify individuals susceptible to develop vascular dementia.
imageOur study showed that in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) low serum levels of paraoxonase‐1 (PON‐1) activity is associated with a higher likelihood of developing Vascular Dementia, but not Alzheimer's Disease. The observed connection might be explained by the ability of PON‐1 to retard low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, decrease oxidative stress, attenuate inflammation, and increase cholesterol efflux.
The −216‐ to −100‐bp Sequence in the 5′‐Flanking Region of the Oxytocin Gene Contains a Cell‐Type Specific Regulatory Element for its Selective Expression in Oxytocin Magnocellular Neurones
Authors: Fields R. L. , Gainer H. 
Published: July 2015

The oxytocin (OXT) gene is abundantly and highly selectively expressed in magnocellular neurones (MCNs) of the hypothalamic‐neurohypophysial system. Previous DNA sequence deletion studies in vivo have shown that the −216‐ to −100‐bp sequence in the 5′‐flanking region of the oxytocin gene was required for its cell‐type specific expression in the rat supraoptic nucleus. In the present study, we test the coupled hypotheses that this −216‐ to −100‐bp sequence is responsible for (i) the selective expression of the OXT gene in OXT‐MNCs and (ii) its selective repression in vasopressin (AVP)‐MCNs. We show that, consistent with hypothesis 1, removal of the −216‐ to −100‐bp sequence from the OXT gene completely eliminates its expression in OXT‐MCNs in vivo but, in contrast to the prediction of hypothesis 2, there was no appearance of OXT gene expression in AVP‐MCNs. Taken together, these and other data demonstrate that the −216‐ to −100‐bp sequence in the 5′‐flanking region of the oxytocin gene contains only an activator of transcription operating in the OXT‐MCNs.
Lack of concordance and linkage disequilibrium among brothers for androgenetic alopecia and CAG/GGC haplotypes of the androgen receptor gene in Mexican families
Authors: Arteaga‐Vázquez Jazmín , López‐Hernández María A. , Svyryd Yevgeniya , Mutchinick Osvaldo M. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) or common baldness is the most prevalent form of hair loss in males. Familial predisposition has been recognized, and heritability estimated in monozygotic twins suggests an important genetic predisposition. Several studies indicate that the numbers of CAG/GGC repeats in exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene (AR) maybe associated with AGA susceptibility.AimsTo investigate a possible correlation between AR CAG/GGC haplotypes and the presence or not of alopecia in sibships with two or more brothers among them at least one of them has AGA.Patients/MethodsThirty‐two trios including an alopecic man, one brother alopecic or not, and their mother were enrolled. Sanger sequencing of the exon 1 of the AR gene was conducted to ascertain the number of CAG/GGC repeats in each individual. Heterozygous mother for the CAG/GGC haplotypes was an inclusion criterion to analyze the segregation haplotype patterns in the family. Concordance for the number of repeats and AGA among brothers was evaluated using kappa coefficient and the probability of association in the presence of genetic linkage between CAG and GGC repeats and AGA estimated by means of the family‐based association test (FBAT).ResultsThe median for the CAG and GGC repeats in the AR is similar to that reported in other populations. The CAG/GGC haplotypes were less polymorphic than that reported in other studies, especially due to the GGC number of repeats found. Kappa coefficient resulted in a concordance of 37.3% (IC 95%, 5.0–69.0%) for the AGA phenotype and identical CAG/GGC haplotypes. There was no evidence of linkage disequilibrium.ConclusionOur results do not confirm a possible correlation or linkage disequilibrium between the CAG/GGC haplotypes of the AR gene and androgenetic alopecia in Mexican brothers.
Role of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor expression on placenta structure in pre‐eclamptic pregnancy
Authors: Kurtoglu Emel , Altunkaynak Berrin Z. , Aydin Isinsu , Ozdemir Ayse Z. , Altun Gamze , Kokcu Arif , Kaplan Suleyman 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimPre‐eclampsia is a hypertensive disease that is characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 gestational weeks and complicates 3–8% of all pregnancies. It is classified as either mild or severe pre‐eclampsia according to severity, and the aim of this study was to investigate the structural differences between these two classifications.MethodsPlacenta samples were collected from 68 women who underwent cesarean delivery. Total volume of villi and numerical density of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐ and placental growth factor (PIGF)‐positive cells were estimated on stereology and evaluated using one‐way ANOVA.ResultsThere was no significantly difference in total villi volumes between the groups (P > 0.05). In contrast, on immunohistochemistry, the numerical density of VEGF‐positive cells in severe pre‐eclampsia was significantly different to the control and mild pre‐eclampsia groups (P<0.05). Additionally, the numerical density of PIGF‐positive cells in the mild and severe pre‐eclampsia group was significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionThere is no relationship between villi volume and pre‐eclampsia, although growth factors play a role in placental changes. The present results were supported by histopathology and several studies in the literature.
Prospective risk of stillbirth in women with placental mesenchymal dysplasia
Authors: Ishikawa Satoshi , Morikawa Mamoru , Yamada Takahiro , Akaishi Rina , Kaneuchi Masanori , Minakami Hisanori 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to provide better counsel to pregnant women with suspected placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) regarding the risks of preterm birth and intrauterine fetal death.Material and MethodsWe reviewed the outcomes of 109 PMD pregnancies with gestational week (GW) ≥ 24 abstracted from 63 reports in the English‐language published reports, including two cases that we encountered recently. The prospective risk of stillbirth at GW N was defined as the number of women with stillbirth at GW ≥ N divided by the number of women giving birth at GW ≥ N.ResultsA total of 32 (29.4%) women experienced stillbirth at a median GW of 31 (range, 24–38). Preterm birth (GW < 37) occurred in 52 (67.5%) of the 77 live‐born infants. Only 25 (22.9%) women had full‐term (GW ≥ 37) live‐born infants. The prospective risks of stillbirth were 29.4% (32/109), 27.5% (25/91), 20.9% (14/67) and 13.0% (6/46) for women who reached GW 24+0, 28+0, 32+0 and 36+0 respectively.ConclusionAs women with PMD are at markedly elevated risk of intrauterine fetal death, early admission to the hospital and intensive monitoring of fetal status should be considered, although whether this policy improves outcome has not been validated.
Epithelial ovarian cancer with CD117 phenotype is highly aggressive and resistant to chemotherapy
Authors: Conic Irena , Stanojevic Zorica , Jankovic Velickovic Ljubinka , Stojnev Slavica , Ristic Petrovic Ana , Krstic Miljan , Stanojevic Marko , Bogdanović Dragan , Stefanovic Vladisav 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimCD117 expression has a pathogenic role in many malignancies, including ovarian carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to examine the correlation of stemness‐associated marker CD117 with the clinicopathologic features of epithelial ovarian cancer and patient survival.Material and MethodsThe analysis included 240 primary ovarian carcinomas (OC) diagnosed during the period from 2005 to 2011 in the region of South Serbia. Age, pathohistological characteristics, presence and size of residual tumor, choice of therapy and response to the therapy were studied.ResultsResidual tumors were more frequently present in the patients with positive CD117 expression (18.1% vs 8.0%; P < 0.05). Chemotherapy according to paclitaxel/carboplatin protocol was more frequent in the patients with positive CD117 expression (70.9% vs 54.2%; P < 0.05), while carboplatin monotherapy was more frequent in the patients with negative CD117 expression (18.0% vs 6.4%; P < 0.05). Median survival time in patients with CD117‐positive mucinous and endometrioid OC was significantly shorter, at 20 and 26.8 months, respectively. Median survival in serous OC was not related to CD117 expression.ConclusionResidual tumors and chemotherapy treatment were more frequent in patients with positive CD117 expression. The outcome was dependent on the type of OC; a worse outcome, including a shorter survival, was documented in the mucinous and endometrioid OC cases.
Twin tubal pregnancy: A large unruptured ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Goswami Deepti , Agrawal Nidhi , Arora Vrinda 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTwin ectopic pregnancy is a rare occurrence, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 20 000 spontaneous pregnancies. We describe a case of unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy in which the gravid fallopian tube showed no signs of tubal rupture despite marked tubal distension. A 25‐year‐old woman presented with clinical features suggestive of large right‐sided tubal ectopic pregnancy. Serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin was 10 800 IU/mL. Laparotomy revealed markedly distended right fallopian tube. There was no hemoperitoneum. The tube contained twin gestational sacs. The crown–rump length of the embryos was 2 cm. The ectopic gestation was thus unique, in that despite marked tubal distension, the trophoblastic invasion was not significant to cause tubal rupture. There may be a role for medical management based on individual gestational sac size in selected cases of twin tubal pregnancy in which there is no evidence of hemoperitoneum.