bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternative scenarios for BRAC University
Authors: Tahir Inayatullah Sohail , Ahmed Shakil , Alam Pushpita , Davis Susan , Hashemi Syed 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThis article aims to present the scenarios, visions and strategies that resulted from a three day foresight workshop for BRAC University in Rajendrapur, Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachThe workshops used the “six pillars” approach to foresight. The methods used included: The futures triangle, emerging issues analysis, the futures wheel, The Sarkar game and macrohistory, causal layered analysis, the integrated scenario method, visioning and backcasting. The workshop was held over three days in Rajendrapur, Bangladesh.FindingsThree visions were developed: “Advancing knowledge with a human face” – a future that integrates liberal arts and real world specialization; “BRAC to the future – an eco‐system of leaders” – a future where the university becomes a social laboratory of innovation; and, “BUG – BRAC University Global,” – a global future where the university leverages BRAC's mission to save and serve the world.Research limitations/implicationsThe visions are considered complementary and are being used to develop the university's strategic plan and new campus design.Practical implicationsThis model of foresight provides a practical model for engaging in planning the long‐term future especially when there are a diversity of interests and stakeholders. The workshop has led to real world changes in strategy and funding.Social implicationsThis model of foresight provides a practical model for engaging in planning the long‐term future especially when there is a diversity of interests and stakeholders. The workshop has led to real world changes in strategy and funding.Originality/valueThis was the first foresight project/workshop held for BRAC University.
“Parlez‐vous français?” Issues in publishing for French academics
Authors: Lauby Fanny 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to look at the choices made by academics in terms of publishing, with an emphasis on French scholars. As “publish or perish” has become the norm in many countries, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between publishing and scholars' actual connection with the public, and how it relates to expectations of their influence on society at large.Design/methodology/approachThe paper relies on a case study of French academics, whose job description has recently been redefined by new regulations. University professors, who used to answer to the title of “enseignant‐chercheur” or teacher‐researcher, are now labeled “chercheur produisant” or productive researcher, with a new emphasis on quantifiable and measurable work progress.FindingsNew evaluation systems, along with the internationalization of the academic market, are forcing scholars to make difficult language and audience choices, in spite of their dependence on the government. This can jeopardize the relationship between academics and the national public by increasing the distance between the two.Originality/valueThe paper sheds light on some of the difficulties for academics to maintain a strong connection with a general audience and to remain accountable to the public.
Influence of scuba divers' specialization on their underwater behavior
Authors: Salim Nurbaidura , Bahauddin Azizi , Mohamed Badaruddin 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between recreation specialization and diver's underwater behavior in Perhentian Island.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a pilot survey on 50 divers in Perhentian Island. In‐depth interviews with several dive operators were also conducted to support the findings.FindingsSpecialized divers tend to recognize unacceptable behavior rather than less specialized divers. Skilled specialized divers tend not to touch the reefs and not to collect dead pieces of the corals compared to less skilled divers.Practical implicationsSpecialization and skills of divers can be used as an input to study diver underwater behavior while simultaneously providing insights on coral preservation.Originality/valueIt is important to manage diver behavior as there are now several diving operators who offer unlimited diving packages catering to day and night diving from shore. Divers can minimize their impacts by practicing responsible diving behavior. Measures emanating from this study on diver underwater behavior may be implemented to encourage responsible scuba diving activity among divers and ensure longevity of the coral reefs.
Broadcasting and socially responsible rural tourism in Labuan, Malaysia
Authors: Ponnan Ramachandran 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThis article aims to provide a case study of rural tourism in the island of Labuan, Malaysia from the broadcasting and business perspectives. It explores the collective social responsibilities of the local stakeholders and the related local authorities.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a mixed mode of quantitative and qualitative methodologies, and a framework of the five dimensions of sustainable rural tourism and corporate social responsibility to explain how radio broadcasting and the business communities' initiatives are socially responsible towards tourism.FindingsThe research reveals that locals and stakeholders receive sufficient information from the media, especially Labuanfm, but stakeholders could be more responsible and efficient in channeling the required information for the continued sustenance of rural homestay tourism as a viable economic activity.Practical implicationsThe study recommends that stakeholders offer additional commitment as formal assistance for homestay entrepreneurs is not a healthy option in the face of competitive development of modern hotel accommodation.Originality/valueFor the first time, an evaluation of stakeholders' CSR has been undertaken. This study should raise government awareness of Labuan's rural livelihood and the need for a communication strategy that disseminates an actionable communication plan.
Gender Jenga: the role of advertising in gender stereotypes within educational and non‐educational games
Authors: Bush Bianca , Furnham Adrian 
Published: September 2013

PurposeThe study which this paper documents aimed to test nine hypotheses through the use of content analysis of gender stereotypes within the advertising of educational/non‐educational children's games.Design/methodology/approachA total of 130 UK adverts, fitting the time period of 1970‐2011, were used. Then 17 dimensions of each advertisement were coded and chi‐squared analyses were carried out. Additional comparisons were carried out examining differences in pre‐1990 and post‐1990 adverts, age and game categories.FindingsNine hypotheses were tested and most were supported, including: males being shown as the main characters in educational adverts compared to non‐educational adverts; gender stereotypes occurring within advertising ‐ adverts aimed at males consisted of males being the main characters, female‐orientated adverts consisted of females presenting the majority of adverts; and young males were displayed alone whereas females were either alone or supervised by another female.Originality/valueThis study is possibly the first to conduct a thorough content analysis of television advertisements for games aimed at children. It reveals the amount of stereotyping found in general advertisements aimed at adults in many western countries.
The Relation Between Bank Resolutions and Information Environment: Evidence from the Auctions for Failed Banks
Authors: GRANJA JOÃO 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTThis study examines the impact of disclosure requirements on the resolution costs of failed banks. Consistent with the hypothesis that disclosure requirements mitigate information asymmetries in the auctions for failed banks, I find that, when failed banks are subject to more comprehensive disclosure requirements, regulators incur lower costs of closing a bank and retain a lower portion of the failed bank's assets, while bidders that are geographically more distant are more likely to participate in the bidding for the failed bank. The paper provides new insights into the relation between disclosure and the reorganization of a banking system when the regulators' preferred plan of action is to promote the acquisition of undercapitalized banks by healthy ones. The results suggest that disclosure regulation policy influences the cost of resolution of a bank and, as a result, could be an important factor in the definition of the optimal resolution strategy during a banking crisis event.
Retrograde exchange of heavily encrusted ureteric stents via the ileal conduit: A technical report
Authors: Tapping Charles Ross , Boardman Phil 
Published: September 2013

SummaryWe describe two cases of retrograde ureteric stent exchange of heavily encrusted ureteric stents (JJ) via tortuous ileal conduits. The blocked ureteric stents were snared from inside the conduit so they could be accessed and a wire inserted. The lumens of the stents were unblocked with a wire but the stents could not be withdrawn due to heavy encrustation of the ureteric stent in the renal pelvis. A stiff wire was inserted to provide support and a 9 French peel away sheath was used to remove the encrustations allowing the stents to be withdrawn and exchanged. This is a safe and successful technique allowing ureteric stents to be removed when heavily encrusted.
Perfect storm: Demographic responses of an irruptive desert mammal to prescribed burns following flooding rain
Authors: D'Souza Joel B. , Whittington Alicia , Dickman Chris R. , Leung Luke K.‐P. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractExtreme climatic events are expected to increase in frequency and magnitude in future and to have powerful effects on the organisms and ecological communities that experience them. In arid Australia flooding rains trigger flushes in primary productivity that allow ephemeral irruptions of consumer organisms, but they also provide conditions for ‘perfect storms’: wildfires that are carried by flood‐stimulated increases in fuel load. Here we describe demographic responses of the long‐haired rat Rattus villosissimus to flood rains and prescribed burns in the Mitchell grass downs of central Queensland, Australia, during a broad‐scale irruption of this species in 2011. Populations were sampled on three trapping grids on two occasions before and two occasions after control burns in April 2011, and compared with populations sampled at the same times on three further grids that remained unburnt. Rat populations declined temporarily just after the fires, but survival, sex ratio, body condition, reproduction and other demographic parameters remained unaffected by the burn treatment. The temporary declines in rat numbers on the burnt grids were probably caused by resource shortages, but subsequent increases in rat numbers suggest that these impacts were not severe. If small‐scale prescribed burns reduce the chance of landscape‐wide wildfires taking hold, we suggest that they should effectively allow long‐haired rats to weather perfect storms in future.
Medication safety and knowledge‐based functions: a stepwise approach against information overload
Authors: Patapovas Andrius , Dormann Harald , Sedlmayr Brita , Kirchner Melanie , Sonst Anja , Müller Fabian , Pfistermeister Barbara , Plank‐Kiegele Bettina , Vogler Renate , Maas Renke , Criegee‐Rieck Manfred , Prokosch Hans‐Ulrich , Bürkle Thomas 
Published: September 2013

AimsThe aim was to improve medication safety in an emergency department (ED) by enhancing the integration and presentation of safety information for drug therapy.MethodsBased on an evaluation of safety of drug therapy issues in the ED and a review of computer‐assisted intervention technologies we redesigned an electronic case sheet and implemented computer‐assisted interventions into the routine work flow. We devised a four step system of alerts, and facilitated access to different levels of drug information. System use was analyzed over a period of 6 months. In addition, physicians answered a survey based on the technology acceptance model TAM2.ResultsThe new application was implemented in an informal manner to avoid work flow disruption. Log files demonstrated that step I, ‘valid indication’ was utilized for 3% of the recorded drugs and step II ‘tooltip for well‐known drug risks’ for 48% of the drugs. In the questionnaire, the computer‐assisted interventions were rated better than previous paper based measures (checklists, posters) with regard to usefulness, support of work and information quality.ConclusionA stepwise assisting intervention received positive user acceptance. Some intervention steps have been seldom used, others quite often. We think that we were able to avoid over‐alerting and work flow intrusion in a critical ED environment.
Safeguarding the process of drug administration with an emphasis on electronic support tools
Authors: Seidling Hanna M. , Lampert Anette , Lohmann Kristina , Schiele Julia T. , Send Alexander J. F. , Witticke Diana , Haefeli Walter E. 
Published: September 2013

AimsThe aim of this work is to understand the process of drug administration and identify points in the workflow that resulted in interventions by clinical information systems in order to improve patient safety.MethodsTo identify a generic way to structure the drug administration process we performed peer‐group discussions and supplemented these discussions with a literature search for studies reporting errors in drug administration and strategies for their prevention.ResultsWe concluded that the drug administration process might consist of up to 11 sub‐steps, which can be grouped into the four sub‐processes of preparation, personalization, application and follow‐up. Errors in drug handling and administration are diverse and frequent and in many cases not caused by the patient him/herself, but by family members or nurses. Accordingly, different prevention strategies have been set in place with relatively few approaches involving e‐health technology.ConclusionsA generic structuring of the administration process and particular error‐prone sub‐steps may facilitate the allocation of prevention strategies and help to identify research gaps.
Molecular phylogeny ofHarpactorini (Insecta:Reduviidae): correlation of novel predation strategy with accelerated evolution of predatory leg morphology
Authors: Zhang Guanyang , Weirauch Christiane 
Published: September 2013

AbstractMuch research and discussion have focused on the effects of key innovations on lineage diversification, whereas little has been done to investigate their role in morphological evolution using phylogenetic approaches. Here we present the first comprehensive molecular phylogeny of theHarpactorini (Insecta:Reduviidae), the largest assassin bug tribe, sampling 229 terminal taxa and using five gene segments (28S D2,D3–D5, 16S,COI, andDeformed). Employing comparative phylogenetic methods, we demonstrate the correlation of a putative key innovation, the sticky trap predation strategy, with accelerated rates of morphological evolution of the predatory fore leg in assassin bugs. We show that bugs exhibiting sticky trap predation have evolved more slender and longer fore femora than non‐sticky bugs. Using phylogenetically independent contrast analyses, we document correlated evolution between femoral thickness and length. We argue that the novel sticky trap predation strategy may allow sticky bugs to alleviate functional constraints on the fore femur and thus to attain a higher rate of evolution than otherHarpactorini orReduviidae. We discuss the possibility that sticky bugs represent a case of adaptive radiation. We also test historical supra‐generic groups within theHarpactorini, and show that most of them are not monophyletic. We confirm the paraphyly ofHarpactorini with respect toRhaphidosomini.
Nitric oxide and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity after a 1‐h oxygen dive to 9 m of sea water
Authors: van Ooij P. J. A. M. , van Hulst R. A. , Houtkooper A. , Sterk P. J. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryIntroductionTo prevent extensive pulmonary lesions in submerged oxygen divers lung function like the forced vital capacity (FVC) or the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL,co) are used to monitor pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). As the diffusing capacity for nitric oxide (DL,no) measures more accurately the membrane diffusing capacity compared to DL,co we hypothesized that DL,no is superior in monitoring the onset of physiological changes indicative of POT as compared to DL,co or FVC.Method26 healthy divers (mean age 30.7 ± 6.2 years) made two submerged dives to 190 kPa for 1 h on two randomized separate days, whilst breathing 100% oxygen or compressed air. FVC, DL,no, DL,co and alveolar volume (VA) were measured 6 times during a 26‐h period.ResultsUp to 8 h no significant differences in outcomes were found between the oxygen and air dives. However, at 8 h after the oxygen dives there was a significant reduction in DL,no, DL,co and VA as compared with air dives. In contrast, the reduction in FVC was significantly greater after the air dive. At 22 h there were no longer differences in outcomes between the dives.ConclusionsThese data show that DL,no and DL,co are significantly reduced 8 h after submerged oxygen dives as compared to similar air dives. Together with the reduction in VA this may be indicative of interstitial edema as an early sign of POT. Our data warrant validation of the superiority of DL,no and DL,co over FVC in the practical monitoring of divers.
Low molecular weight heparin dosing and monitoring in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Moten Misbah A. , Gaber A. Osama , Putney David , Patel Samir J. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAnti‐Xa monitoring for low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is currently recommended in obese, renally impaired, and pregnant patients. Substantial evidence indicates that solid organ transplant (SOT) patients are at an increased risk of renal impairment, thus representing a population at risk of LMWH accumulation. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with LMWH dosing and monitoring in a cohort of transplant recipients. This was a retrospective, single‐center review of 96 SOT patients receiving enoxaparin treatment and anti‐Xa monitoring. The percent of patients with supratherapeutic anti‐Xas (>1 IU/mL) was determined, as was the relationship between enoxaparin dosages and anti‐Xa levels and bleeding. The cohort had a mean age of 62 yr and creatinine clearance of 59 mL/min and was primarily lung transplant recipients (73%). The mean enoxaparin dose was 0.82 mg/kg, which resulted in a mean anti‐Xa level of 0.98 IU/mL. Despite the reduced enoxaparin dose, 44% of patients experienced a supratherapeutic anti‐Xa level. Patients with supratherapeutic anti‐Xas had higher doses than those within the therapeutic range (0.89 mg/kg vs. 0.77 mg/kg; p = 0.002). No major bleeds occurred. Supratherapeutic anti‐Xa levels are common in transplant patients receiving enoxaparin therapy. Empirically reduced dosing of enoxaparin and monitoring may warrant consideration in this population.
Novel ecosystems support substantial avian assemblages: the case of invasive alienAcaciathickets
Authors: Rogers Andrew M. , Chown Steven L. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAimAltered habitats may form entirely novel ecosystems that support new combinations of species. How indigenous species use invaded areas is, however, not well understood. Here, we investigate the value ofAustralianAcaciathickets as novel ecosystems in theWesternCape ofSouthAfrica by surveying bird assemblages within them.LocationWesternCapeProvince ofSouthAfrica.MethodsBirds were surveyed quantitatively in a variety ofAcaciathickets in the south‐westernWesternCape in three seasons to examine species richness, abundance and functional diversity. We also examined the extent to which avian diversity was related to differences in patch‐level vegetation structure.ResultsSignificant variation was observed in assemblage richness, density and biomass across sites. Diversity increased with productivity, but declined with stem density and canopy cover. On average,Acaciathicket patches were used byc. 20 species (with a regional richness of 76 species), had a mean density of 7.78 birds ha−1and a mean biomass of 0.224 kg ha−1. The most abundant feeding guilds were the mixed feeders and insectivores.Main conclusionAcaciathickets in theWesternCape support a large subset of the region's birds with the most abundant species being small mixed feeders. Compared with other habitat types,Acaciathickets support avian assemblages with species richness and density similar to some natural sites in the region, but lacking typical nectarivores. Extrapolation to the area transformed by invasive acacias in theCapeFloristicRegion suggests that these novel ecosystems supportc. 22 million individual birds or 621 tonnes of avian biomass.
Prevention of bone loss and vertebral fractures in patients with chronic epilepsy—Antiepileptic drug and osteoporosis prevention trial
Authors: Lazzari Antonio A. , Dussault Philip M. , Thakore‐James Manisha , Gagnon David , Baker Errol , Davis Samuel A. , Houranieh Antoun M. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryPurposeTo evaluate whether use of a bisphosphonate (risedronate) in addition to calcium and vitamin D in male veterans with epilepsy who were taking antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) long term can prevent the loss of bone mass (BMD, bone mineral density) associated with AED use compared to patients who were treated with a placebo plus calcium and vitamin D. As a secondary end point we studied the incidence of new morphometric vertebral and nonvertebral fractures.MethodsAntiepileptic drug and osteoporosis prevention trial (ADOPT) was designed as a prospective 2‐year double‐blind, randomized placebo controlled study involving 80 male veterans with epilepsy who were being treated with AEDs such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, sodium valproate, or carbamazepine for a minimum of 2 years. All enrolled participants received calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and were randomized to risedronate or matching placebo. Total body, bilateral proximal femora, and anteroposterior (AP) lumbar spine BMDs in addition to morphometric lateral vertebral assessments (LVAs) were evaluated by a dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) instrument. Comparisons of BMDs were made between baseline, 1 year, and after 2 years of enrollment in the study. The incidence of new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures was secondary end point.Key FindingsOf the 80 patients initially enrolled in the study, 53 patients completed the study. Baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar. At the end of the study, in the placebo plus calcium and vitamin D group, we observed a significant improvement in BMD at any of the evaluated sites when compared to their baseline scans in 69% (18/26) of the participants. In the risedronate plus calcium and vitamin D group, we observed significant improvement of BMDs in 70% (19/27) of the participants. At the end of the study, the risedronate group experienced a significant increase of BMD at the lumbar spine L1‐4 (1.267–1.332 g/cm2), which was significantly larger than that seen in the placebo group) (1.229 g/cm2 vs. 1.245 g/cm2; p = 0.0066).There were nonsignificant differences between the two groups regarding changes of total body BMD or at the proximal bilateral femora. Five new vertebral fractures and one nonvertebral fracture were observed only in the placebo group.SignificanceCalcium and vitamin D supplementation or calcium and vitamin D supplementation in addition to risedronate improved BMD in more than 69% of male veterans with epilepsy who were taking AEDs. In the group receiving risedronate plus calcium and vitamin D there was a significant improvement of BMD at the lumbar spine as compared to the placebo group, which also received calcium and vitamin D. The use of risedronate plus calcium and vitamin D prevented the incidence of new vertebral fractures and one nonvertebral fracture in this cohort.