bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramuscular Pressure Before and After Botulinum Toxin in Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Leg
Authors: Isner-Horobeti Marie-Eve , Dufour Stéphane Pascal , Blaes Cyril , Lecocq Jehan 
Published: August 2013

Background: Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is used in the treatment of muscle hypertrophy but has never been used in chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS). The objective diagnostic criterion in this condition is an abnormally elevated intramuscular pressure (IMP) in the compartment. In this study, the IMP was measured 1 minute (P1) and 5 minutes (P5) after the exercise was stopped before and after BoNT-A injection. Hypothesis: Botulinum toxin A reduces the IMP (P1 and P5) and eliminates the pain associated with CECS. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Botulinum toxin A was injected into the muscles of moderately trained patients with an anterior or anterolateral exertional compartment syndrome of the leg. The BoNT-A dose (mean ± SD) ranged from 76 ± 7 to 108 ± 10 U per muscle, depending on which of the 5 muscles in the 2 compartments were injected. The primary end point was IMP (P1, P5). Secondary end points were exertional pain, muscle strength, and safety. Follow-up was conducted up to 9 months. Results: A total of 25 anterior compartments and 17 lateral compartments were injected in 16 patients. The time interval (mean ± SD) between the BoNT-A injection and after BoNT-A injection IMP measurement was 4.4 ± 1.6 months (range, 3-9 months). In the anterior compartment, P1 and P5 fell by 63% ± 17% ( P < .00001) and 59% ± 24% ( P < .0001), respectively; in the lateral compartment, P1 and P5 fell by 68% ± 21% ( P < .001) and 63% ± 21% ( P < .01), respectively. Exertional pain and muscle strength were monitored, based on the Medical Research Council score. The exertional pain was completely eliminated in 15 patients (94%). In 5 patients (31%), the strength of the injected muscles remained normal. In 11 patients (69%), strength decreased from 4.5 (out of 5) to 3.5 ( P < .01), although without functional consequences. In the conditions of this study, BoNT-A showed a good safety profile in patients with CECS. Conclusion: In this case series, BoNT-A reduced the IMP and eliminated exertional pain in anterior or anterolateral CECS of the leg for up to 9 months after the intervention. The mode of action of BoNT-A is still unclear. A randomized controlled study should be carried out to determine whether BoNT-A can be used as a medical alternative to surgical treatment.
Investor Sentiment and Stock Return: Do Industries Matter?
Authors: Dash Saumya Ranjan , Mahakud Jitendra 
Published: August 2013

The basic objective of this article is to evaluate the pricing implications of market-wide investor sentiment risk for cross-sectional return variations of Indian listed companies across industry groups. A multivariate time-series regression approach has been used to examine the impact of sentiment risk on stock return behaviour in the presence of other market-wide systematic risk factors. Our results suggest that the role of sentiment risk in the determination of a cross-section of stock returns is not uniform across the test asset portfolios formed on the basis of size, book-to-market equity, liquidity and momentum characteristics. For all portfolios, the impact of sentiment risk on the cross-section of stock returns behaviour has been disproportionately negative. The effect holds even after controlling for systematic market-wide risk factors. Although the impact of sentiment risk on industry-shorted portfolio returns persists in accordance with the theoretical argument, the cross-sectional variation with respect to different industries has been heavily dependent on the availability of stocks in that particular industry. The commonality of the sentiment effect across industry is not similar, as it is for the aggregate market. The results suggest that generalisation of the hard-to-value and difficult-to-arbitrage argument must be judged with caution, keeping the industry effects in mind. JEL Classification: GI,G12,G14
Cross-Price Effects and US Trade Elasticities
Authors: Bhandari Bornali 
Published: August 2013

This article examines the interactions of the import and export markets through cross-prices. The idea is that import demand is affected by export prices, because imports and exports are likely substitutes in consumption. Additionally, import supply is also affected by export prices as exports may be intermediate inputs in the production of imports. The traditional partial equilibrium model of trade is extended to include these cross-price effects in demand and supply. Theoretically, it is shown that these cross-price effects can impede trade balance adjustment in the presence of exchange rate and income shocks. Using quarterly US and rest-of-the-world data from 1975 to 2002, a fully modified general method of moments estimation of the structural equations demonstrates significance of cross-price effects in both the demand and supply of non-petroleum merchandise imports. JEL Classification: F1
Treatment Effects of a Relationship-Strengthening Intervention for Economically Disadvantaged New Parents
Authors: Charles Pajarita , Jones Anne , Guo Shenyang 
Published: August 2013

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the treatment effects of a relationship skills and family strengthening intervention for n = 726 high-risk, disadvantaged new parents. Method: Hierarchical linear modeling and regression models were used to assess intervention treatment effects. These findings were subsequently verified through two sensitivity analyses using propensity score analysis and growth curve modeling. Results: Analyses indicated 6 of 10 beneficial treatment effects were statistically significant, including relationship satisfaction, relationship quality, communication, conflict resolution, arguing, and emotional abuse. Most of these effects were verified in the more rigorous sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Study findings suggest that this intervention is effective in helping disadvantaged couples improve relationship skills and strengthen family bonds.
Attitudes About Palliative Care
Authors: Atwood Melissa A. , Hoffmann Raymond G. , Yan Ke , Lee K. Jane 
Published: August 2013

Introduction: Pediatric critical care and oncology providers care for patients who have life-threatening or serious illness, yet they receive little palliative care education. Objective: Compare oncology and critical care providers’ attitudes regarding palliative care. Methods: An electronic survey assessed respondents’ opinions of whether, when, and why palliative care should be utilized. Results: Response rate was 49%. Critical care physicians were more likely to incorporate palliative care for psychosocial support; oncologists for symptom control. Those with palliative care education were more likely to involve in palliative care, did so earlier and for reasons other than end-of-life planning. Conclusions: Oncology and critical care providers utilized palliative care for different reasons.
Cost savings realized by use of the PhaSeal® closed-system transfer device for preparation of antineoplastic agents
Authors: Edwards Michael S , Solimando Dominic A , Grollman Franklin R , Pang Janet L , Chasick Ashley H , Hightman Charlene M , Johnson Anthony D , Mickens Maxine G , Preston Lorenzo M 
Published: August 2013

Purpose Medication cost is a major factor associated with increasing health care costs in the United States. Expenditures for prescription drugs in 2013 are estimated to be $283.7 billion. Closed system transfer devices are widely used for preparation of hazardous drugs. Reports indicate the Phaseal® closed system transfer device maintains sterility in vials for 7 days, suggesting the unused portion of single-use vials could be salvaged. This study was done to determine whether using a closed system transfer device to extend the beyond-use date of single-use vials of antineoplastic medications would result in a measurable cost saving. Methods A list of 25 drugs available in single-use vials, with a chemical stability of at least 48 hours, was compiled. Use of these agents was recorded during a 50-day period in April through June 2012. Use from a total of 296 vials of 21 antineoplastic agents was recorded. After allowing for the initial use of each vial, the mean potential percentage of drug waste was calculated to be 57.03%. Results Actual savings during the study period was $96,348.70. The pharmacy avoided nearly half of the potential waste and saved a mean of 29% of each vial. The cost-saving during the study period represents a $703,047.67 annual saving; which more than offsets the $106,556.55 the pharmacy spent for the Phaseal® system in 2012. Conclusion In addition to being a protective measure to reduce exposure to hazardous agents, use of the Phaseal® system results in a reduction in drug waste, and a noticeable cost saving for antineoplastic agents.
Children’s knowledge and beliefs about medicines
Authors: Dawood Omar Thanoon , Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Izham , Abdullah Anna Christina 
Published: August 2013

Minor illnesses in children are often cured at home with over the counter medicines. Even though there is a wide use of medicines among children, they rarely receive medical advice about their medications from doctors or pharmacists. The aim of this study is to evaluate children’s beliefs about medicines as well as to explain what children know about medicines. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from four primary schools in Penang Island, Malaysia. The target population of this research was schoolchildren of 11 and 12 years old regardless of their gender and social status. A self-administration questionnaire was used to obtain the data from schoolchildren and their parents. After including all schoolchildren in grades five and six, the total sample size was 1000 children in addition to 1000 parents. This study found that most children have inadequate knowledge and false beliefs about the efficacy of medicines. Children’s beliefs about the efficacy of medicines were affected by their age group, gender and race ( p < .05). Females, older children and Chinese were more knowledgeable about the efficacy of medicines. Furthermore, the socio-economic status, parents’ education level and parents’ occupation influenced children’s beliefs about medicines ( p < .001). This study showed that children have misconception about medicines. The need for medicine education should be implemented to get more knowledgeable users of medicines in future. However, the role of health-care professional should be increased in terms of medicine education.
Improvement in albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
Authors: Stephenson Dylan T , Jandeleit-Dahm Karin , Balkau Beverley , Cohen Neale 
Published: August 2013

Purpose: To determine the effects of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) on albuminuria in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and established diabetic nephropathy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical records from a tertiary diabetes service identified obese patients with T2DM who had micro- or macroalbuminuria prior to LAGB surgery. Clinical data from follow-up appointments including albuminuria were analysed. Results: A total of 23 T2DM patients were included in the final study. Of 7 patients with macroalbuminuria at baseline, 2 reverted to normoalbuminuria, 2 reverted to microalbuminuria and 3 remained with macroalbuminuria on their final recording in the 36-month period of follow-up. Of 16 patients with microalbuminuria, 9 reverted to normoalbuminuria, while 6 remained with microalbuminuria. Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant improvements in albuminuria in patients with established diabetic nephropathy following LAGB. These results suggest the potential for LAGB to improve or reverse renal damage in patients with T2DM.
Fatal pulmonary embolism update: 10 years of autopsy experience at an academic medical center
Authors: Sweet Patrick H , Armstrong Theodore , Chen John , Masliah Eliezer , Witucki Peter 
Published: August 2013

Objective To investigate the rate of death caused by pulmonary embolism (PE) and the antemortem performance in diagnosis and treatment of PE. Design A systematic search of cases involving fatal PE via PowerPath® (Sunquest) followed by chart review. Setting An academic medical centre located in San Diego, United States of America. Participants Postmortem cases with pathological findings of PE. Main outcome measures After data collection and collation, the data were subject to analysis. Results From 2002 to 2012, PE was identified as the mechanism of death in 108 of 982 cases (11%, 95% CI 9.01–12.99%) at an institution with an average autopsy rate of 30% ± 0.07%. Excluding cases where care was withheld (by advance directive) or unavailable, 29 of 108 were eligible for antemortem treatment for PE. In 31% (nine of 29) of these cases the diagnosis of PE was considered antemortem. Only three of 29 were given thrombolytics despite only one case being contraindicated. Conclusion The rate of PE-related death is consistent with most other autopsy series and major epidemiologic studies despite advances in system wide deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis. The results validate previous studies that this diagnosis is often missed but probably improving compared to historical standards. Even when the diagnosis is considered, however, thrombolytics are not routinely given, even without contraindications. The cause of this failure to treat may require further study with comparison to patients that were treated to determine the utilization of this treatment. It also underscores the continued difficulty in the diagnosis of this disease.
CD25 and TNF receptor II reflect early primary response to infliximab therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Magnusson Maria K , Dahlén Rahil , Strid Hans , Isaksson Stefan , Simrén Magnus , Lasson Anders , Bajor Antal , Ung Kjell‐Arne , Öhman Lena 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundAlthough infliximab treatment is an option for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), not all patients do respond to therapy, and cellular mechanisms leading to therapy response are incompletely known.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to determine early effects of infliximab therapy on T cells in the blood of UC patients and if effects differed in therapy responders and nonresponders.Methods: Blood samples were obtained before and two weeks post‐treatment start from 34 anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy‐naïve UC patients undergoing infliximab therapy. Response to therapy was evaluated prior to the fourth treatment dose. Expression of T cell surface markers and levels of soluble receptors and cytokines in serum were determined.ResultsAt baseline, there were no differences in cellular, biochemical or clinical parameters between therapy responders and nonresponders. Infliximab therapy reduced frequencies of CD25+ T cells and increased frequencies of annexin V+ T cells in patients responding to infliximab, but not in nonresponding patients, two weeks after therapy start. Only therapy responders had decreased serum levels of sCD25 and sTNFRII two weeks after treatment start. In contrast, clinical parameters did not reflect therapy outcome already two weeks after therapy start.ConclusionSoluble and membrane‐bound T cell receptors may be early indicators of infliximab therapy response in UC, which can be of clinical importance for the decision when to continue or to stop the treatment.
Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis identifies hypomethylated genes regulated by FOXP3 in human regulatory T cells
Authors: Zhang Yuxia , Maksimovic Jovana , Naselli Gaetano , Qian Junyan , Chopin Michael , Blewitt Marnie E. , Oshlack Alicia , Harrison Leonard C. 
Published: August 2013

Key Points
Human naive CD4+ T cells and resting nTreg are differentially methylated at 127 regions in their genomic DNA. Forkhead-binding motifs are present in promoter-associated differentially methylated regions, inferring broader epigenetic control of Treg.
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;16)(p11;p13), a distinct clinical and biological entity: a collaborative study by the International-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster AML-study group
Authors: Coenen Eva A. , Zwaan C. Michel , Reinhardt Dirk , Harrison Christine J. , Haas Oskar A. , de Haas Valerie , Mihál Vladimir , De Moerloose Barbara , Jeison Marta , Rubnitz Jeffrey E. , Tomizawa Daisuke , Johnston Donna , Alonzo Todd A. , Hasle Henrik , Auvrignon Anne , Dworzak Michael , Pession Andrea , van der Velden Vincent H. J. , Swansbury John , Wong Kit-fai , Terui Kiminori , Savasan Sureyya , Winstanley Mark , Vaitkeviciene Goda , Zimmermann Martin , Pieters Rob , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. 
Published: August 2013

Key PointsPediatric t(8;16)(p11;p13) AML is a rare entity defined by a unique gene expression signature and distinct clinical features. Spontaneous remissions occur in a subset of neonatal t(8;16)(p11;p13) AML cases.
Preclinical and clinical efficacy of XPO1/CRM1 inhibition by the karyopherin inhibitor KPT-330 in Ph+ leukemias
Authors: Walker Christopher J. , Oaks Joshua J. , Santhanam Ramasamy , Neviani Paolo , Harb Jason G. , Ferenchak Gregory , Ellis Justin J. , Landesman Yosef , Eisfeld Ann-Kathrin , Gabrail Nash Y. , Smith Carrie L. , Caligiuri Michael A. , Hokland Peter , Roy Denis Claude , Reid Alistair , Milojkovic Dragana , Goldman John M. , Apperley Jane , Garzon Ramiro , Marcucci Guido , Shacham Sharon , Kauffman Michael G. , Perrotti Danilo 
Published: August 2013

Key Points
XPO1/CRM1 is upregulated in a BCR-ABL1 kinase-dependent and -independent manner and negatively controls PP2A tumor suppressor activity. KPT-330 antagonizes survival of TKI-resistant Ph+ acute leukemias in vitro, in CML-BC animals, and in a CML-AP patient.
The impact of response on bone-directed therapy in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Larocca Alessandra , Child J. Anthony , Cook Gordon , Jackson Graham H. , Russell Nigel , Szubert Alexander , Gregory Walter M. , Brioli Annamaria , Owen Roger G. , Drayson Mark T. , Wu Ping , Palumbo Antonio , Boccadoro Mario , Davies Faith E. , Morgan Gareth J. 
Published: August 2013

Key Points
The use of ZOL is better than CLO in the improvement of SREs and survival in symptomatic myeloma patients at diagnosis. Response category posttransplant may influence the impact of bisphosphonate therapy.
Genome-wide analysis of the AP2/ERF transcription factor superfamily in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)
Authors: Song Xiaoming , Li Ying , Hou Xilin 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundChinese cabbage (Brassica rapassp.pekinensis) is a member of one of the most important leaf vegetables grown worldwide, which has experienced thousands of years in cultivation and artificial selection. The entire Chinese cabbage genome sequence, and more than forty thousand proteins have been obtained to date. The genome has undergone triplication events since its divergence fromArabidopsis thaliana(13 to 17 Mya), however a high degree of sequence similarity and conserved genome structure remain between the two species.Arabidopsisis therefore a viable reference species for comparative genomics studies. Variation in the number of members in gene families due to genome triplication may contribute to the broad range of phenotypic plasticity, and increased tolerance to environmental extremes observed inBrassicaspecies. Transcription factors are important regulators involved in plant developmental and physiological processes. The AP2/ERF proteins, one of the most important families of transcriptional regulators, play a crucial role in plant growth, and in response to biotic and abiotic stressors. Our analysis will provide resources for understanding the tolerance mechanisms inBrassica rapassp.pekinensis.ResultsIn the present study, 291 putative AP2/ERF transcription factor proteins were identified from the Chinese cabbage genome database, and compared with proteins from 15 additional species. The Chinese cabbage AP2/ERF superfamily was classified into four families, including AP2, ERF, RAV, and Soloist. The ERF family was further divided into DREB and ERF subfamilies. The AP2/ERF superfamily was subsequently divided into 15 groups. The identification, classification, phylogenetic reconstruction, conserved motifs, chromosome distribution, functional annotation, expression patterns, and interaction networks of the AP2/ERF transcription factor superfamily were predicted and analyzed. Distribution mapping results showed AP2/ERF superfamily genes were localized on the 10 Chinese cabbage chromosomes. AP2/ERF transcription factor expression levels exhibited differences among six tissue types based on expressed sequence tags (ESTs). In the AP2/ERF superfamily, 214 orthologous genes were identified between Chinese cabbage andArabidopsis. Orthologous gene interaction networks were constructed, and included seven CBF and four AP2 genes, primarily involved in cold regulatory pathways and ovule development, respectively.ConclusionsThe evolution of the AP2/ERF transcription factor superfamily in Chinese cabbage resulted from genome triplication and tandem duplications. A comprehensive analysis of the physiological functions and biological roles of AP2/ERF superfamily genes in Chinese cabbage is required to fully elucidate AP2/ERF, which provides us with rich resources and opportunities to understand crop stress tolerance mechanisms.
Development of biodegradable polycaprolactone film as an internal fixation material to enhance tendon repair: an in vitro study
Authors: Hu Jian-Zhong , Zhou Yong-Chun , Huang Li-Hua , Lu Hong-Bin 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundCurrent tendon repair techniques do not provide sufficient tensile strength at the repair site, and thus early active motion rehabilitation after tendon repair is discouraged. To enhance the post-operative tensile strength, we proposed and tested an internal fixation technique using a polycaprolactone (PCL) biofilm. PCL was chosen for its good biocompatibility, excellent mechanical strength, and an appropriate degradation time scale.MethodsPCL biofilms were prepared by a modified melt-molding/leaching technique, and the physical and mechanical properties andin vitrodegradation rate were assessed. The pore size distribution of the biofilm and the paratenon of native tendons were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Next, we determined whether this biofilm could enhance the tensile strength of repaired tendons. We performed tensile tests on rabbit Achilles tendons that were first lacerated and then repaired: 1) using modified Kessler suture combined with running peripheral suture (‘control’ group), or 2) using biofilm to wrap the tendon and then fixation with sutures (‘biofilm’ group). The influence of different repair techniques on tendon tensile strength was evaluated by mechanical testing.ResultsThe novel biofilm had supple texture and a smooth surface. The mean thickness of the biofilm was 0.25 mm. The mean porosity of the biofilm was 45.3%. The paratenon of the rabbit Achilles tendon had pores with diameters ranging from 1 to 9 μm, which were similar to the 4–12 μm diameter pores in the biofilm cross-section. The weight loss of the biofilms at 4 weeks was only 0.07%. The molecular weight of PCL biofilms did not change after immersion in phosphate buffered saline for 4 weeks. The failure loads of the biofilm were similar before (48 ± 9 N) and after immersion (47 ± 7 N,P > 0.1). The biofilm group had ~70% higher mean failure loads and 93% higher stiffness compared with the control group.ConclusionsWe proposed and tested an internal fixation technique using a PCL biofilm to enhance tendon repair. Internal fixation with the biofilm followed by standard suturing can significantly increase the tensile strength of tendon repair sites. This technique has the potential to allow active motion rehabilitation during the early post-operative period.