bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organ Culture of Human Hair Follicles Derived from Different Areas of the Body
Authors: Kondo Shigeo , Hozumi Yutaka , Sato Noriaki , Aso Kazuo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWhole human hair follicles derived from the scalp, chin, axilla, and pubis were organ cultured. The hair follicles were dissected from excised normal skin pieces and placed in 1.0 ml of incubation medium in a closed 5 ml glass tube under an atmosphere of air + 5% CO2. The tube was rolled at 15 rpm and 36°C. The hair follicles from each area of the body grew linearly for about 6 days, both in serum‐plus and serum‐free media with or without fibroblast growth factor (FGF). The growth rates were slightly slower in serum‐free media than in serum‐plus media. No significant differences in the growth rates of hair follicles in organ culture were seen in different areas of the body. FGF did not affect the growth rate or the culture term of the hair follicles in vitro.This is the first report of human hair follicles derived from chin, axilla, and pubis growing well for about a week in organ culture.
An Epidemiological Study of Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from Medical Staff, Inpatients, and Hospital Environment in One Ward at Our Hospital
Authors: Nishijima Setsuko , Sugimachi Tomoko , Higashida Toshiaki , Asada Yasuo , Okuda Kazuyuki , Murata Kenjiro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important causative microorganisms for nosocomial infections. Recently, the incidence of isolation of MRSA has been increasing every year in Japan and is, notably, much more frequently found in inpatients than in outpatients. Therefore, we have done epidemiological studies of MRSA isolated from medical staff, inpatients, and the hospital environment in one ward of our hospital. Thereafter, we examined the antibiotic susceptibility (ABPC, DMPPC, CET, CMZ, IPM, GM, MINO, OFLX, EM, CLDM, VCM), phage typing, and coagulase typing of these MRSA MRSA were isolated more frequently from anterior nares of inpatients than from doctors and nurses. MRSA were isolated more frequently from the environment near carriers of MRSACoagulase type II and phage type N.T. (not typable) were the dominant types of MRSA in our hospital (69% and 61%). MRSA strains were resistant to most antibiotics with a few exceptions (VCM, IPM, CMZ, CET).The high isolation frequency of MRSA in our hospital seems to suggest that inpatients who are carrying MRSA spread MRSA throughout the hospital environment and that the anterior nares of inpatients are the major MRSA harbor.
A Case of Contact Dermatitis Due to Methylprednisolone
Authors: Aramoto Yoko , Uemura Tomoko , Akiyoshi Emiko , Murata Yasuko , Kawashima Makoto 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 46‐year‐old woman developed contact dermatitis on her face after application of an ointment containing 0.1% methylprednisolone and 0.35% fradiomycin. Her patch test result was positive with methylprednisolone, but not with fradiomycin. No cross‐reactions were observed after conducting patch tests with 17 different topical corticosteroids including prednisolone.
Acne Fulminans and 13‐Cis‐Retinoic Acid
Authors: Choi Eung Ho , Bang Dongsik 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a case of acne fulminans occurring during treatment with 13‐cis‐retinoic acid for cystic acne. Continuing the treatment with 13‐cis‐retinoic acid without systemic steroid eventually cleared the systemic manifestations and skin lesions. We review the literature and discuss its pathogenesis.
Immunohistochemical Characterization of Cellular Infiltrates in Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Bowen's Disease Occurring in One Patient
Authors: Terao Hiroshi , Nakayama Juichiro , Urabe Atsumichi , Hori Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe investigated populations of the infiltrating cells in Bowen's disease (BD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), both of which arose in the same patient, using the Avidin‐Biotin‐peroxidase complex method with eight monoclonal antibodies. T lymphocytes were most predominant among infiltrating cells; NK cells, B cells, and monocytes were rarely seen in either BD or SCC. Analysis of subsets of the infiltrating T lymphocytes revealed that the number of suppressor/cytotoxic (s/c) T cells was twice that of helper/inducer (h/i) T cells in BD, while the number of s/c T cells was lower than that of h/i T cells in SCC. The immunohistochemical results in the present case differed from those of predominant infiltration of h/i T cells and of s/c T cells in three other reports of BD and SCC.These results suggest that the population of the cellular infiltrates may be modulated by the nature of tumors and by the immuno‐competent state of the hosts.
Fulminant Dermatomyositis after Removal of a Cancer
Authors: Abraham Zeev , Rozenbaum Michael , Glück Zahava , Feuerman Eleasar J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDermatomyositis developed suddenly in a diabetic patient with CREST syndrome after the removal of a malignant tumor. Scrupulous physical examination excluded further systemic or cutaneous involvement. We raise certain still unsolved aspects regarding the association between dermatomyositis and neoplastic disorders.
Inhibitory Effect of the Leukotriene B4 Receptor Antagonist against Hypomagnesic Diet‐induced Dermatitis in Hairless Rats
Authors: Hanada Katsumi , Mitsuhashi Yoshihiko , Hashimoto Isao 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn vivo experiments have shown that magnesium deficiency elicits characteristic skin lesions in the hairless rat. However, the mechanism of the involvement is not clarified. From the results of previous studies, a product derived from arachidonic acid, but not via the cyclooxygenase pathway, has been considered as an etiological cause.In this study, the inhibitory effect of newly produced leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor antagonist (LTBRA) against these skin manifestation was examined in hairless mutants given a hypomagnesic diet. Control animals with treatment of LTBRA developed eruptions on their bodies with increasing serum levels of LTB4, but LTBRA‐treated animals did not suffer from the cutaneous disorder. Increased serum levels of LTB4 in control rats were significantly higher than those in the pre‐treated condition. The diminution of skin lesions by LTBRA strongly indicated that magnesium deficiency dermatitis may involve a lipoxygenase‐mediated metabolite of arachidonic acid, presumably LTB4, and that the cutaneous changes in hairless rats fed with hypomagnesic diet might provide an easily identifiable indicator of LTB4‐mediated dermatitis.
The Induction of Ornithine Decarboxylase in Human Epidermis Is Independent of Lipoxygenase and Cyclo‐oxygenase Pathways
Authors: Arnold Wim Peter , Pennings Benno J.H. , van de Kerkhof Peter C.M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn vivo studies in rodents suggest that prostaglandins and/or leukotrienes are involved in the epidermal induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Recently, we have shown that, in human epidermis, prostaglandins are not involved in this process. Here we report the role of leukotrienes in epidermal ODC induction in human skin. Topical flufenamic acid (DignodolinR), vehicle, or nothing was applied under plastic occlusion to three sites on the backs of healthy volunteers. This was followed 1 h later by SellotapeR stripping. After renewed application and occlusion for 8 h, biopsies were carried out for the estimation of ODC levels. There were no significant differences in the levels of ODC between the flufenamic acid treated and control sites. To confirm this finding, test sites were irradiated with 3 MED of UVB. This was immediately followed by the application of flufenamic acid, vehicle, or nothing to the three irradiated sites. After 8 h, biopsies were taken, and the levels of ODC were again similar in the flufenamic acid‐ and the vehicle‐treated sites. The data indicate that, following SellotapeR stripping or UVB irradiation, neither lipoxygenase nor cyclooxygenase products contribute to the in vivo induction of ODC in human epidermis.
Two Cases of Fabry's Disease: A Hemizygote with a Point Mutation in the α‐Galactosidase A Gene and His Relative
Authors: Inaoki Makoto , Otsuki Norio , Ishise Syozo , Ueda Yoshimichi , Sakuraba Hitoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 34‐year‐old Japanese male had leg pain, edema of the legs, hypohidrosis, whorl‐like opacities of the bilateral cornea, bilateral subcapsular cataracts, and chest discomfort on exercise. He had no characteristic angiokeratomas but did have telangiectases. The electrocardiogram revealed high voltage. The echocardiogram revealed mild mitral regurgitation. The α‐galactosidase A activity in cultured lymphoblasts was deficient (0.5 nmol/h/mg protein). Electron microscopic examination of the skin revealed lamellar cytoplasmic inclusions in the endothelial cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts. He had a G—A transition at nucleotide 982 in the coding sequence of the α‐galactosidase A gene which resulted in a glycine to arginine amino acid substitution at residue 328. His uncle also had leg pain, edema of the legs, hypohidrosis, and chest pain on exercise. He had no characteristic angiokeratomas but did have telangiectases. Cardiovascular examination revealed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and stenoses of coronary arteries. Electron microscopic examination of the skin revealed lamellar cytoplasmic inclusions in the endothelial cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts.
Eccrine Hidrocystoma: Two Cases of Robinson and Smith Types
Authors: Kato Naoko , Ueno Hiroo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTwo cases of eccrine hidrocystoma, one of which is a “classic” Robinson type and the other a Smith type, were reported. The walls of both cysts consisted mainly of two layers of flat or low cuboidal epithelial cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunostaining for S‐100 protein was negative in the cells of the cyst wall of the Robinson type and only weakly positive in the inner luminal layer of the Smith type. Electron microscopically, the Smith type showed double‐layered cuboidal lining and cell membrane interdigitations as junctions of neighboring cells without any characteristics of the secretory segment of sweat glands, indicating substantial similarity to those of the intradermal portion of the eccrine sweat duct.
Enhancing Effects of Fluorescein on β‐Lactam Rash I: High Incidence of Cefclidin Rashes in an Ophthalmological Volunteer Trial
Authors: Tone Takeshi , Ikezawa Zenro , Nishioka Kiyoshi , Aoki Shigeru , Miyata Mikio 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDisseminated maculopapular eruptions were frequently observed in a volunteer trial of cefclidin's use in ophthalmological and neurological examinations (8/12; 67%). It appeared at 8–12 days (mean ± SD, 9.6 ±1.1 days) from the initiation of the trial and subsided within 1–2 days (mean ± SD, 1.8 ± 0.4 days). Patch testing with cefclidin produced a ± reaction in 1 of 8 cases, and the drug‐induced lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST) elicited a positive response (SI: 2.8) in 1 of 8 and a weakly positive response (1.8≦SI<2) in 2 of 8. From these findings, it seems likely that the eruptions may be partially mediated by delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions to cefclidin. No such eruption was observed in the phase II trial of cefclidin where only 2.8% of 1.122 volunteers developed the eruption. The volunteers were given both fluorescein and oxybuprocain in their eyes to measure ocular tension on days –1, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and weeks 3, 5, 7 after the initiation of cefclidin. Fluorescein and/or oxybuprocain may affect cefclidin to induce these abnormal reactions in the volunteers.
Actinic Cheilitis Granulomatosa
Authors: Kuno Yoshinori , Sakakibara Shigeru , Mizuno Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA granulomatous lesion of the lips caused by UVB‐photosensitivity is described. A 31‐year‐old Japanese man developed depigmented, swollen, erythematous lips with some erosions and bloody crusts which were present for 11 months. Histologic examination revealed a dense dermal infiltration composed mainly of lymphoid‐histiocytic cells. Suprabasal clefts were associated with the invasion of lymphoid cells around them. Results of patch and photopatch testing were negative. The minimal erythema dose 24 h after irradiation was lower than normal, ranging from 295 to 330 nm. The lesion was reproduced by repeated irradiation with monochromatic light of 310 and 320 nm, but not by exposure to 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, or 330 nm. Topical injection of glucocorticoids and application of sunscreen led to improvement We propose the name “actinic cheilitis granulomatosa” for this case.
A Case of Subepidermal Blister Disease Associated with Autoantibody against 450 kD Protein
Authors: Fujiwara Sakuhei , Shinkai Hiroshi , Takayasu Susumu , Owaribe Katsushi , Tsukita Shoichiro , Kageshita Toshiro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a case of subepidermal blister disease with eruptions distributed on the trunk and extremities. The blisters regressed after administration of corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide. An immunoblot analysis revealed that the patient's serum reacted exclusively with a 450‐kD epidermal polypeptide. It did not react with a 230‐kD or a 180‐kD bullous pemphigoid antigen. The immunofluorescence study showed the patient's serum reacted with the basement membrane zone of human skin.
BCC‐Associated Amyloidosis with a Peculiar Pattern of Deposition
Authors: Nojiri Keiko , Ono Tomomichi , Johno Masayoshi , Kayashima Ken‐ichi , Nogami Reiko , Kikuchi Ichiro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn 83‐year‐old Japanese woman with lepromatous leprosy had been treated in a leprosarium. More than 10 years ago, she developed a dome‐like brown tumor on the dorsum of the nose which showed the histology of basal cell carcinoma. The lesion was a well bordered, rounded tumor with tumor cell nests on its periphery extending toward the center as cords of tumor nest and with amyloid depositions between the cords. The tumor nests and amyloid lessened toward the center of the tumor, being replaced by collagen fibers. Amyloidosis showing this peculiar pattern of transition was reported with a review of published cases.
A Rare Association of Localized Gigantism with Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Reddy Belum Siva Nagi , Sheriff Mohamed Omar , Garg Bhagat Ram , Ratnakar Chaganti 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAn unusual association of localized gigantism with hypertrophy of the long bones and soft tissues in the left lower limb in an 18‐year‐old male with tuberous sclerosis (TS) is reported. The significance of this association is discussed from the point of view of its common neural crest origin during embryogenesis.
Autoimmune Progesterone Dermatitis
Authors: Lee Chang Woo , Yoon Ki Beom , Yi Jung Uk , Cho Soo Hyun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 35‐year‐old woman had recurrent urticarial erythemas on her trunk and extremities for 3 years. The eruptions appeared regularly 3 to 5 days prior to menstruation and persisted for several days. The patient showed a positive skin test response to progesterone and had circulating antiprogesterone IgG antibodies. A speculative concept of the possible autoimmune damage to the ovary, the major organ producing progesterone, is discussed.
Molecular Bases for Hereditary Cancer‐prone Diseases
Authors: Tatsumi Kouichi , Tachibana Akira , Fujimori Akira 
Published: April 2015

AbstractConstitutional loss or inactivation of one copy of a tumor‐suppressor gene, as exemplified by hereditary retinoblastoma, increases the propensity for malignancies by reducing the number of events necessary for the complete loss of the negative regulatory function. We developed a selectable mutation assay employing a human lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) derived from a heterozygous carrier of 2,8‐dihydroxyadenine urolithiasis, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency, for dissecting the second step in loss‐of‐function mutations and for determining the potential of physical and chemical agents for producing such mutations. The mode of mutational events arising in the wild‐type allele of the functionally heterozygous APRT gene resembled that reported for tumor‐suppressor genes in malignancies in that mitotic non‐disjunctions or recombinations as well as deletions prevailed. Ultraviolet light (UV) was much less efficient in inducing these types of mutations than ionizing radiation. A group of autosomal recessive cancer‐prone diseases, including xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), has been characterized as being more susceptible to genomic insults, owing to some defects in DNA processing, such as replication, repair, or recombination. This increased genomic instability may accelerate the gain‐of‐function mutation at a proto‐oncogene and/or the loss‐of‐function mutation at a tumor‐suppressor gene. XP complementation group A (XP‐A) LCLs were extremely sensitive to UV‐mutagenesis at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) locus even at equicytotoxic doses. Some unique mechanism may operate in UV‐mutagenesis in XP‐A. We have succeeded for the first time in rendering XP‐A cells tumorigenic in athymic mice by applying multiple exposures to UV and subsequent treatment with TPA. This system can be a good model for clarifying the role of genomic instability in enhancing the malignant transformation of human somatic cells.
Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome: Melanoma‐prone Disease
Authors: Tsukamoto Hidekazu , Hayashibe Kazuhito , Ichihashi Masamitsu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractRegardless of subsequent clinical courses of patients with dysplastic nevi (DN), substantial evidence supporting DN as one of the melanoma‐prone diseases is not yet available, especially in sporadic DN, due to the lack of genetic information other than retrospective studies in clinical observation. This study aimed at the immunohistological characterization of sporadic DN distinct from common nevi (CN) and at the evaluation of the potentiality of sporadic DN for malignant transformation. We considered our results together with previous immunological and epidemiological reports.We noted the following three immunohistological characteristics. 1) Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), one of the markers for active cell division, could be detected on DN cells in junctional nests of only one among ten DN examined but not on CN cells at all. 2) The altered expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐Sma), often observed in melanoma cells, could not be detected in DN cells. However, anti‐α‐Sma monoclonal antibody (MoAb) clearly demonstrated distinctive hypervascularity in the stroma surrounding DN when compared with CN. 3) ME491 antigen, which is known to be expressed mainly in the radial growth phase of melanoma, was detected with similar intensity on both DN and CN. These data indicate that DN has a somewhat higher potentiality than CN for cell division and secretion of some cytokines which can induce hypervascularity in the surrounding stroma, but that DN has not yet undergone the significant phenotypic changes observed in melanoma cells. Further advancements in understanding molecular events in DN cells will be of great benefit in setting DN in the multiple oncogenic spectrum from pigment cells to melanoma.
Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis
Authors: Kawashima Makoto 
Published: April 2015

AbstractEpidermodysplasia verruciformis is a rare skin disease characterized by the disseminated, flat, wart‐like lesions caused by human papillomavirus and a high frequency of various skin cancers. The clinical aspects, histological findings, genetic and immunological factors, and human papillomavirus types found in the disease and their roles in skin cancers are reviewed.
Chemoprevention of Skin Cancer in Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Authors: Kraemer Kenneth H. , DiGiovanna John J. , Peck Gary L. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractXeroderma pigmentosum is a rare recessive disease with sun sensitivity, increased freckling and defective DNA repair. Xeroderma pigmentosum patients have more than a 1000‐fold increased risk of developing skin cancer including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. We studied chemoprevention of new skin cancers with oral retinoids in xeroderma pigmentosum patients who had multiple skin cancers. Xeroderma pigmentosum patients were cleared of all pre‐existing tumors surgically and then treated with high dose (2 mg/kg/day) oral isotretinoin (13‐cis retinoic acid, Accutane) for two years and then for one year off treatment. Patients were examined at regular intervals for new tumor formation and for side effects. Five xeroderma pigmentosum patients had a total of 121 basal or squamous cell carcinomas in 2 years before treatment and only 25 tumors during 2 years of treatment. The tumor frequency increased 8.5‐fold after the drug was discontinued (New Engl J Med 318: 1633–1637, 1988). Toxicity (cutaneous, triglyceride, liver‐function or skeletal abnormalities) prompted subsequent use of a low dose protocol. Patients were treated initially with 0.5 mg/kg/day oral isotretinoin and the dose was increased sequentially to 1.0 or 1.5 mg/kg/day. We found that toxicity was less with the lower doses. The lowest effective, least toxic dose varied among the xeroderma pigmentosum patients.
The Interaction between Langerhans Cells and CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Hauser Conrad 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe human skin is increasingly exposed to haptens and environmental protein antigens. Because Langerhans cells represent the outermost network of MHC class II+ antigen presenting cells in mammalians, we investigated their interaction with CD4+ T cells. Hapten‐modified Langerhans cells induced proliferation and IL‐2 production in naive resting CD4+ T cells. T cells activated in this manner and subsequently cultured with IL‐2 mediated contact sensitivity in vivo and produced IL‐2 but no IL‐4 upon restimulation in vitro. Thus they corresponded to Th1 cells. Repeated stimulation with Langerhans cells induced a modulation of the lymphokine pattern: IL‐2‐ and IL‐4‐producing Th0‐like cells were identified after 3 to 4 rounds of restimulation; after >5 rounds, Th2‐like cells with an IL‐4+IL‐2− pattern and the capacity for inducing IgE synthesis in B cells was identified. Th2 cells were also recently found to mediate inflammatory tissue lesions containing a cellular infiltrate. This demonstrates that Langerhans cells may activate resting CD4+ T cells, Th1‐, Th0‐ and Th2‐like cells. It further shows that Langerhans cells may promote the differentiation of postthymic CD4+ T cells into subsets with distinct immune functions: Th1 cells which have the potential to mediate inflammatory reactions such as allergic contact sensitivity and Th2 cells which may be responsible for abnormalities associated with atopic dermatis, such as elevated IgE and inflammatory skin lesions containing a cellular infiltrate.