bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiplexing High‐Content Flow (HCF) and Quantitative High‐Throughput Screening (qHTS) to Identify Compounds Capable of Decreasing Cell Viability, Activating Caspase 3/7, Expressing Annexin V, and Changing Mitochondrial Membrane Integrity
Authors: Mathews Lesley A. , Keller Jonathan M. , McKnight Crystal , Michael Sam , Shinn Paul , Liu Dongbo , Staudt Louis M. , Thomas Craig J. , Ferrer Marc 
Published: October 2013

AbstractHigh‐content flow (HCF) screening systems, such as the iQue Screener and HTFC Screening System from IntelliCyt, have facilitated the implementation of flow cytometry assays for high‐throughput screening. HCF screening systems enable the use of smaller sample volumes and multiplexed assays to simultaneously assess different cellular parameters from a single well. This becomes invaluable when working with cells or compounds that are available in limited quantities or when conducting large‐scale screens. When assays can be miniaturized to a 384‐ or 1536‐well microplate format, it is possible to implement dose‐response‐based high‐throughput screens, also known as quantitative HTS or qHTS. This article describes how qHTS at the new National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) has been systematically coupled with the HTFC Screening System and Multimetric Apoptosis Screening Kit from IntelliCyt to biologically validate active compounds from primary cell proliferation screens using a model of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Curr. Protoc. Chem. Biol. 5:195‐212 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An adaptive control scheme using multiple reference models
Authors: Tan Chang , Tao Gang , Qi Ruiyun 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYThis paper develops an extended model reference adaptive control scheme to expand the capacity of state feedback state tracking adaptive control to handle the plant‐model matching uncertainties for single‐input LTI systems. The extended scheme is developed, using multiple reference model systems (only one of which is required to be able to match the controlled plant), and multiple controllers (which are updated from adaptive laws generated from multiple reference model systems based estimation errors), as two key features of such design to relax a plant‐model matching condition. A switching mechanism is constructed using those multiple estimation errors, capable of selecting the suitable control input from the multiple control signals, to achieve the desired system performance. An aircraft flight control example is presented to show the capacity of such design in relaxing a practical design condition. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Competition Between Local Dealerships and Internet Markets: The Role of Local Relationships, Risk Tolerance, and Trust in Used Farm Machinery Markets
Authors: Roe Brian E. , Batte Marvin T. , Diekmann Florian 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWe analyze recent and intended transactions of used farm equipment and find the quality of buyers' relationships with local equipment dealers influences whether their most recent purchase came from an Internet source and whether they will consider future purchases from Internet sources. We find local dealers who provide excellent parts and repair service face a double‐edged sword: customers are less likely to have purchased from Internet sources during their last transaction but express stronger absolute interest in future Internet purchases. Also, customers who view their dealer as having treated them fairly during past price negotiations are less likely to express interest in transacting on the Internet in the future. Finally, buyers sort across channels based on several personal characteristics, including risk tolerance, trust attitudes, and negotiation style, but seller sorting is primarily based on risk tolerance. Specifically, buyers and sellers with greater risk tolerance sort to online markets. [JEL Descriptors: L81, Q12].
Nasopharyngeal colonization by potentially pathogenic bacteria found in healthy semi‐captive wild‐born chimpanzees in Uganda
Authors: Mugisha Lawrence , Köndgen Sophie , Kaddu‐Mulindwa Deogratias , Gaffikin Lynne , Leendertz Fabian H. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractInformation on the chimpanzee nasopharygeal colonization in captive sanctuaries and in the wild is rare. This study was undertaken to establish the nasopharygeal colonization and potential bacterial pathogens in sanctuary chimpanzees as a basis for improving chimpanzee and employee health. Nasopharygeal colonization of 39 healthy chimpanzees were analyzed by microbiological cultivation method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. We report four major phyla dominated by Proteobacteria (50%), Fermicutes (35.7%), Bacteriodes (7.1%), and Cynobacteria (7.1%) in healthy semi‐captive chimpanzees. Further classification based on 7‐base oligomers revealed the following genera: Streptococcus, Veillonella, Neisseria, Prevotella, Kingella and unclassified Cynobacteria, Actinobacillus, Bacteriodes and Pasteurellaceae. On microbiological cultivation we were able to identify and characterize some of the bacteria to species level as Klebsiella pneumonie and Pseudomonas aeruginosa being dominant bacteria with 54.7% and 50% colonization, respectively. Of these, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Klebsiella, and Haemophillus have representatives known to potentially cause severe respiratory disease. Our data present important information on chimpanzee nasopharygeal colonization as a guide to understanding disease processes and pharmaceutical therapies required for improving the health of chimpanzees. The results from this study will guide the processes to improve procedures for routine management of sanctuary chimpanzees and use it as a basis for evaluation of future reintroduction possibilities. Am. J. Primatol. 76:103–110, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non‐Invasive and In Situ Characterization of the Degradation of Biomaterial Scaffolds by Volumetric Photoacoustic Microscopy
Authors: Zhang Yu Shrike , Cai Xin , Yao Junjie , Xing Wenxin , Wang Lihong V. , Xia Younan 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDegradation is among the most important properties of biomaterial scaffolds, which are indispensable for regenerative medicine. The currently used method relies on the measurement of mass loss across different samples and cannot track the degradation of an individual scaffold in situ. Here we report, for the first time, the use of multiscale photoacoustic microscopy to non‐invasively monitor the degradation of an individual scaffold. We could observe alterations to the morphology and structure of a scaffold at high spatial resolution and deep penetration, and more significantly, quantify the degradation of an individual scaffold as a function of time, both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the remodeling of vasculature inside a scaffold can be visualized simultaneously using a dual‐wavelength scanning mode in a label‐free manner. This optoacoustic method can be used to monitor the degradation of individual scaffolds, offering a new approach to non‐invasively analyze and quantify biomaterial–tissue interactions in conjunction with the assessment of in vivo vascular parameters.
Highly Active, Low‐Valence Molybdenum‐ and Tungsten‐Amide Catalysts for Bifunctional Imine‐Hydrogenation Reactions
Authors: Chakraborty Subrata , Blacque Olivier , Fox Thomas , Berke Heinz 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe reactions of [M(NO)(CO)4(ClAlCl3)] (M=Mo, W) with (iPr2PCH2CH2)2NH, (PNHP) at 90 °C afforded [M(NO)(CO)(PNHP)Cl] complexes (M=Mo, 1a; W, 1b). The treatment of compound 1a with KOtBu as a base at room temperature yielded the alkoxide complex [Mo(NO)(CO)(PNHP)(OtBu)] (2a). In contrast, with the amide base Na[N(SiMe3)2], the PNHP ligand moieties in compounds 1a and 1b could be deprotonated at room temperature, thereby inducing dehydrochlorination into amido complexes [M(NO)(CO)(PNP)] (M=Mo, 3a; W, 3b; PNP=(iPr2PCH2CH2)2N)). Compounds 3a and 3b have pseudo‐trigonal‐bipyramidal geometries, in which the amido nitrogen atom is in the equatorial plane. At room temperature, compounds 3a and 3b were capable of adding dihydrogen, with heterolytic splitting, thereby forming pairs of isomeric amine‐hydride complexes [Mo(NO)(CO)H(PNHP)] (4a(cis) and 4a(trans)) and [W(NO)(CO)H(PNHP)] (4b(cis) and 4b(trans); cis and trans correspond to the position of the H and NO groups). H2 approaches the Mo/WN bond in compounds 3a,3b from either the CO‐ligand side or from the NO‐ligand side. Compounds 4a(cis) and 4a(trans) were only found to be stable under a H2 atmosphere and could not be isolated. At 140 °C and 60 bar H2, compounds 3a and 3b catalyzed the hydrogenation of imines, thereby showing maximum turnover frequencies (TOFs) of 2912 and 1120 h−1, respectively, for the hydrogenation of N‐(4‐methoxybenzylidene)aniline. A Hammett plot for various para‐substituted imines revealed linear correlations with a negative slope of −3.69 for para substitution on the benzylidene side and a positive slope of 0.68 for para substitution on the aniline side. Kinetics analysis revealed the initial rate of the hydrogenation reactions to be first order in c(cat.) and zeroth order in c(imine). Deuterium kinetic isotope effect (DKIE) experiments furnished a low kH/kD value (1.28), which supported a Noyori‐type metal–ligand bifunctional mechanism with H2 addition as the rate‐limiting step.
Self‐Assembling Synthesis of Free‐standing Nanoporous Graphene–Transition‐Metal Oxide Flexible Electrodes for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors
Authors: Huang Xiaodan , Sun Bing , Chen Shuangqiang , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of nanoporous graphene by a convenient carbon nanofiber assisted self‐assembly approach is reported. Porous structures with large pore volumes, high surface areas, and well‐controlled pore sizes were achieved by employing spherical silica as hard templates with different diameters. Through a general wet‐immersion method, transition‐metal oxide (Fe3O4, Co3O4, NiO) nanocrystals can be easily loaded into nanoporous graphene papers to form three‐dimensional flexible nanoarchitectures. When directly applied as electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries and supercapacitors, the materials exhibited superior electrochemical performances, including an ultra‐high specific capacity, an extended long cycle life, and a high rate capability. In particular, nanoporous Fe3O4–graphene composites can deliver a reversible specific capacity of 1427.5 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 1000 mA g−1 as anode materials in lithium‐ion batteries. Furthermore, nanoporous Co3O4–graphene composites achieved a high supercapacitance of 424.2 F g−1. This work demonstrated that the as‐developed freestanding nanoporous graphene papers could have significant potential for energy storage and conversion applications.
Randomized clinical trial of the benefit of laparoscopy with closure of loop ileostomy
Authors: Royds J , O'Riordan J M , Mansour E , Eguare E , Neary P 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
The aim was to compare reversal and laparoscopy with standard reversal of loop ileostomy in terms of hospital stay and morbidity in a randomized study.

Methods
Patients having reversal of a loop ileostomy were randomized to either standard reversal of ileostomy or reversal and laparoscopy. Strict discharge criteria were applied: toleration of two meals without nausea and vomiting, passing a bowel motion, and attaining adequate pain control with oral analgesia. Morbidity and cost were also compared between the two groups.

Results
A total of 74 patients (reversal and laparoscopy 40, standard reversal 34) with a median age of 61 years underwent loop ileostomy reversal; there were 45 men (61 per cent). Ileostomy was most commonly carried out after laparoscopic low anterior resection (36 patients). Median length of stay, based on discharge criteria, was significantly shorter in the reversal and laparoscopy group than in the standard group: 4 (interquartile range 3–4) versus 5 (4–6) days (P = 0·003). The overall morbidity rate was also lower in patients who had ileostomy reversal and laparoscopy: 10 versus 32 per cent (P = 0·023). The median cost per patient was lower in the reversal and laparoscopy group: €3450 (interquartile range 2766–3450) versus €4527 (3843–7263) (P = 0·015). There was no statistically significant difference in American Society of Anesthesiologists fitness grade or time to reversal between the two groups.

Conclusion
Reversal of loop ileostomy with laparoscopy was associated with a shorter hospital stay, lower morbidity and reduced cost compared with the standard technique. Registration number: ISRCTN46101203 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
Body mass index and outcomes following gastrointestinal cancer surgery in Japan
Authors: Yasunaga H , Horiguchi H , Matsuda S , Fushimi K , Hashimoto H , Ayanian J Z 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies in the USA have shown a lower postoperative mortality rate in mildly obese patients, described as the ‘obesity paradox’. The results from the relatively obese population in Western countries may not be generalizable to Asian countries, prompting the present study to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and outcomes after gastrointestinal surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent gastrectomy or colorectal resection for stage I–III cancer between July and December 2010 were identified from a nationwide inpatient database in Japan. Multivariable logistic regression models for in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications, and a linear regression model for total costs were established, with adjustment for age, sex, co-morbidities, cancer stage and BMI. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to consider potential non-linear associations between BMI and the outcomes.ResultsAmong 30 765 eligible patients, associations between BMI and the outcomes were U-shaped, with the lowest mortality, morbidity and total costs in patients with a BMI of around 23·0 kg/m2. A BMI of 18·5 kg/m2 was associated with significantly greater mortality (odds ratio (OR) 2·04, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·64 to 2·55), postoperative complications (OR 1·10, 1·03 to 1·18) and total costs (difference €1389, 1139 to 1640) compared with a BMI of 23·0 kg/m2. Patients with a BMI exceeding 30·0 kg/m2 had significantly higher rates of postoperative complications and total costs than those with a BMI of 23·0 kg/m2, but no significant association was evident between a BMI of more than 23·0 kg/m2 and in-hospital death.ConclusionUnlike previous studies in the USA, in the present national Japanese cohort of patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal cancer, those who were either underweight or overweight had more postoperative complications and greater perioperative costs than those of normal weight.
Economic impact of an enhanced recovery pathway for oesophagectomy
Authors: Lee L , Li C , Robert N , Latimer E , Carli F , Mulder D S , Fried G M , Ferri L E , Feldman L S 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundData are lacking to support the cost-effectiveness of enhanced recovery pathways (ERP) for oesophagectomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of an ERP on medical costs for oesophagectomy.MethodsThis study investigated all patients undergoing elective oesophagectomy between June 2009 and December 2011 at a single high-volume university hospital. From June 2010, all patients were enrolled in an ERP. Clinical outcomes were recorded for up to 30 days. Deviation-based cost modelling was used to compare costs between the traditional care and ERP groups.ResultsA total of 106 patients were included (47 traditional care, 59 ERP). There were no differences in patient, pathological and operative characteristics between the groups. Median length of hospital stay (LOS) was lower in the ERP group (8 (interquartile range 7–18) days versus 10 (9–18) days with traditional care; P = 0·019). There was no difference in 30-day complication rates (59 per cent with ERP versus 62 per cent with traditional care; P = 0·803), and the 30-day or in-hospital mortality rate was low (3·8 per cent, 4 of 106). Costs in the on-course and minor-deviation groups were significantly lower after implementation of the ERP. The pathway-dependent cost saving per patient was €1055 and the overall cost saving per patient was €2013. One-way sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the ERP was cost-neutral or more costly only at extreme values of ward, operating and intensive care costs.ConclusionA multidisciplinary ERP for oesophagectomy was associated with cost savings, with no increase in morbidity or mortality.
Contribution of surgical specialization to improved colorectal cancer survival
Authors:   West of Scotland Colorectal Cancer Managed Clinical Network, Oliphant R , Nicholson G A , Horgan P G , Molloy R G , McMillan D C , Morrison D S 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Reorganization of colorectal cancer services has led to surgery being increasingly, but not exclusively, delivered by specialist surgeons. Outcomes from colorectal cancer surgery have improved, but the exact determinants remain unclear. This study explored the determinants of outcome after colorectal cancer surgery over time.

Methods
Postoperative mortality (within 30 days of surgery) and 5-year relative survival rates for patients in the West of Scotland undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer between 1991 and 1994 were compared with rates for those having surgery between 2001 and 2004.

Results
The 1823 patients who had surgery in 2001–2004 were more likely to have had stage I or III tumours, and to have undergone surgery with curative intent than the 1715 patients operated on in 1991–1994. The proportion of patients presenting electively who received surgery by a specialist surgeon increased over time (from 14·9 to 72·8 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). Postoperative mortality increased among patients treated by non-specialists over time (from 7·4 to 10·3 per cent; P = 0·026). Non-specialist surgery was associated with an increased risk of postoperative death (adjusted odds ratio 1·72, 95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·17 to 2·55; P = 0·006) compared with specialist surgery. The 5-year relative survival rate increased over time and was higher among those treated by specialist compared with non-specialist surgeons (62·1 versus 53·0 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). Compared with the earlier period, the adjusted relative excess risk ratio for the later period was 0·69 (95 per cent c.i. 0·61 to 0·79; P &lt; 0·001). Increased surgical specialization accounted for 18·9 per cent of the observed survival improvement.

Conclusion
Increased surgical specialization contributed significantly to the observed improvement in longer-term survival following colorectal cancer surgery.
Cardioprotective effect of high‐dose intragraft adenosine infusion on microvascular function and prevention of no‐reflow during saphenous vein grafts intervention
Authors: Kapoor Nikhil , Yalamanchili Venkata , Siddiqui Tariq , Raza Syed , Leesar Massoud A. 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundDespite the use of embolic protection devices, no‐reflow can still occur during saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) intervention. High‐dose intracoronary adenosine infusion preconditions the myocardium, improves coronary flow, and prevents no‐reflow. The role of high‐dose intragraft adenosine infusion on protection of microvascular function and prevention of no‐reflow has not been investigatedObjectivesWe investigated the cardioprotective effect of high‐dose intragraft adenosine infusion, compared with placebo, on microvascular function and prevention of no‐reflow during SVGs intervention. Methods: We randomized 22 patients with SVGs stenoses to receive either a 10‐min intragraft adenosine infusion (200 μg/min; total dose = 2,000 μg) or normal saline prior to stenting. Average peak velocity (APV), coronary flow velocity reserve (CVR), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC), TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG), and the rate of no‐reflow were compared between the two groups before adenosine or saline infusions and after stentingResultsAfter stenting, hyperemic APV, CVR, and TMPG were significantly higher in the adenosine‐treated group than in the control group (60 ± 18 vs. 35 ± 10 cm/sec; 2.6 ± 0.54 vs. 1.8 ± 0.47; and 2.8 ± 0.90 vs. 2.1 ± 0.80, respectively; P < 0.05. TFC was significantly lower in the adenosine‐treated group than in the control group (14 ± 3.0 vs. 26 ± 13; P < 0.05). In the control group, four patients (36%) developed no‐reflow compared to none in the adenosine‐treated patient; P < 0.05ConclusionsThis study provides the first evidence that high‐dose intragraft adenosine infusion compared with placebo protects microvascular function and prevents no‐reflow during SVGs intervention. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First in vivo evaluation of a flexible self‐apposing left atrial appendage closure device in the canine model
Authors: Cheng Yanping , Conditt Gerard , Yi Genghua , Tellez Armando , Corcoran Michael , Rousselle Serge , Kaluza Greg L. , Granada Juan F. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivesAimed to evaluate the feasibility of deployment and healing response of a novel transcatheter left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion device in the canine modelBackgroundLAA occlusion is proposed to reduce the risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation patientsMethodsTransseptal puncture and device deployment was guided under fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in five dogs. First, a distal cylindrical bulb occluder was released and secured to the appendage wall with hooks. Subsequently, a proximal sail was unfolded, covering the LAA ostium. Rotational angiography, TEE, and histology outcomes were assessed 30 days following implantationResultsPre‐operative TEE revealed the mean diameter of the LAA ostium to be 17.2 ± 1.6 mm with a depth of 18.5 ± 1.7 mm. The landing zone for the distal bulb was measured to be 12.8 ± 1.3 mm. The mean bulb diameter at implant was 16.8 ± 1.8 mm. Post‐operative TEE showed adequate positioning and successful LAA occlusion with all implanted devices. Pericardial effusion requiring pericardiocentesis was seen in one animal following device implantation. At 30 days, TEE revealed full occlusion of all LAA ostia with the exception of a minimal peri‐device leak (<3 mm) observed in one animal. No pericardial effusion or device‐related thrombus formation was found at termination. Histological analysis confirmed circumferential occlusion of all appendages and complete neointimal coverage on the luminal aspect of the occluderConclusionThe percutaneous delivery of a novel self‐positioning LAA occlusion device is feasible and safe in a canine model. At 30 days, all devices displayed complete healing and occlusion of the LAA without any device related adverse events. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.