bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting ecology and hearing sensitivities in Parapontoporia—An extinct long‐snouted dolphin
Authors: Sanks Joyce , Racicot Rachel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAnalyses of the cetacean (whale and dolphin) inner ear provide glimpses into the ecology and evolution of extinct and extant groups. The paleoecology of the long‐snouted odontocete (toothed whale) group, Parapontoporia, is primarily marine with its depositional context also suggesting freshwater tolerance. As an extinct relative of the exclusively riverine Lipotes vexillifer, Parapontoporia provides insight into a transition from marine to freshwater environments. High‐resolution X‐ray CT scans (~3 microns or less) of three individual specimens from two species, P. sternbergi and P. pacifica, were acquired. Digital endocasts of the inner ear labyrinths were extracted non‐destructively. Nine measurements of the inner ear were compared with an existing dataset covering 125 terrestrial and aquatic artiodactyls. These measurements were then subjected to a principal component analysis to interpret hearing sensitivities among other artiodactyls. Based on our analyses, Parapontoporia was likely to have been able to hear within narrow‐band high frequency (NBHF) ranges. This finding indicates another convergence of NBHF‐style hearing, or, more intriguingly, suggests that it may be an ancestral characteristic present among the longirostrine dolphins that dominated in the Miocene prior to the evolution of more modern lineages.
A Review on Functionalization of Benzo‐5,6‐Fused Bicyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds
Authors: Pradeep Kumar Marappan , Annie Aksa S , Kumar Bind Vikash , Adithya Ramesh , Amaladass P. , Dhayalan Vasudevan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOver the decades, functionalized heteroaromatic compounds and their scaffolds have drawn significant attention in synthetic organic chemistry as well as in interdisciplinary sciences due to their prevalence in natural products, hormones, vitamins, and their applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, veterinary products, dyes and pigments, bio‐imaging, semiconductors, and optoelectronics, etc. This review explores various synthetic strategies for functionalization of numerous 5,6 benzo‐fused heteroaromatic derivatives such as indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole and benzotriazole through various methods including C−H activation, cross‐coupling, metal catalysis, photo‐catalysis, electrocatalysis and organocatalysis in recent years (2019–2023). Highly functionalized heterocyclic scaffolds are the important precursors for synthesizing many bioactive drugs like fenbendazole, viozan, griseofulvin, zileuton, flunoxaprofen, natural products, and optoelectronic materials, etc.
Corporate tax avoidance and firm value: The moderating role of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings
Authors: Elamer Ahmed A. , Boulhaga Mounia , Ibrahim Bassam A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, we examine how managers in firms that have practiced tax avoidance strategically use sustainability activities together with their tax avoidance practices. More specifically, we investigate the moderating impact of ESG on the association between tax avoidance and firm value. Using a sample of French‐listed companies during the years 2012–2021, we hypothesized and found that ESG rating negatively and significantly moderates the relationship between corporate tax avoidance and firm market valuation. Overall, our results suggest that investors reward firms for good ESG performance, perceiving such companies as more valuable. However, when these firms engage in higher tax liabilities, the positive effect of ESG on firm value is slightly reduced. This nuanced insight highlights the importance of considering how tax strategies interact with ESG initiatives in shaping overall firm value. This study, thus, provides theoretical and practical consequences that will encourage businesses and politicians to promote sustainable development. Our findings remain robust to an array of tests, including a number of different tax avoidance measures and potential endogeneity problems.
A qualitative study of clinicians' impressions regarding the implementation of a clinical and research data collection system
Authors: Riopel Gabrielle , Lecomte Tania , Merlo Raphaëlle , Gauthier Bruno , Grenier Simon , Vanasse Catherine‐Marie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSystematically collecting data on clientele databases allows for describing the clientele's needs and addressing various clinical research questions. Conducted in a university psychology clinic, this initiative seeks to improve the overall quality of care provided by integrating evidence‐based practices. This study works to bridge the gap between clinical practice and research.AimsThis study aimed to describe the potential repercussions and clinicians' impressions regarding the implementation of this procedure.Research DesignAn inductive qualitative approach, inspired by Husserl's descriptive phenomenology, was used. To be consistent with this approach, data analysis followed Giorgi's five‐step scientific phenomenological method.Data Collection and AnalysisSemi‐structured individual interviews were conducted with 14 volunteer clinicians using an interview guide. The data were analysed to extract central themes using Giorgi's method, which involves collecting verbal data, reading the data, dividing it into units of meaning, organising the data using the language of the discipline and synthesising the results.ResultsFive central themes emerged: barriers to implementation, potential impacts on therapy, recommendations to enhance participation, perceived utility and an attitude of openness.DiscussionThe pilot project provides valuable insights into the feasibility and acceptability of systematic data collection in a clinical setting. Clinician consultation proves to be essential in the implementation process, highlighting the importance of addressing practical and philosophical obstacles.ConclusionUnderstanding clinicians' experiences can guide future implementations of similar systems and improve clinical practice by supporting the integration of systematic data collection. Enhanced communication and training on the data collection system are suggested.
PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA hydrogels induce cytotoxicity in conventional in vitro assays
Authors: Stewart Chloe L. , Hook Andrew L. , Zelzer Mischa , Marlow Maria , Piccinini Anna M. 
Published: July 2024

Significance statementWe identified that PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA hydrogels, which have been used in human clinical trials and possess a demonstrable safety profile, induced significant cytotoxicity in conventional in vitro assays. This major contradiction may lead to inconsistent and misleading toxicology due to the limited biological representation of these assays. Cytotoxicity evaluation is a crucial element of screening the biological response to new biomaterials. However, as standard test methods do not recapitulate the in vivo environment, tailored adaptations may be required to reflect the true biological response elicited toward novel biomaterials.
Microproteins/micropeptides dysregulation contributes to cancer progression and development: A mechanistic review
Authors: Rodrigues Paul , Bangali Harun , Ali Eyhab , Sharma M. K. , Abdullaev Bekhzod , Alkhafaji Adnan Taan , Deorari Maha Medha , Zabibah Rahman S. , Haslany Ali 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicroproteins, known as micropeptides, are small protein molecules encoded by short open reading frames. These recently identified molecules have been proven to be an essential part of the human proteome that participates in multiple processes, such as DNA repair, mitochondrial respiration, and regulating different signaling pathways. A growing body of studies has evidenced that microproteins exhibit dysregulated expression levels in various malignancies and contribute to tumor progression. It has been reported that microproteins interact with many proteins, such as enzymes (e.g., adenosine triphosphate synthase) and signal transducers (e.g., c‐Jun), and regulate malignant cell metabolism, proliferation, and metastasis. Moreover, microproteins have been found to play a significant role in multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo by their activity in DNA repair pathways. Considering that, this review intended to summarize the roles of microproteins in different aspects of tumorigenesis with diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives.
Can ethylene diamine tetra‐acetic acid improve calcium fracture when combined with intravascular lithotripsy?
Authors: Gruslova Alexandra B. , Feldman Marc D. 
Published: July 2024

Key points

Agents which dissolve hydroxyapatite may synergize with intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) to treat calcium plates more extensively, facilitating greater penetration of drug‐coated balloons delivered agents and maintain gain in lumen area without stenting.
Dissolving hydroxyapatite could potentially allow more frequent use of high‐pressure balloons without IVL or atherectomy to fracture calcium plates, offering a lower cost approach.
Other mechanisms such as debonding between calcium plate and fibrous tissue junctions may also be enhanced with IVL and calcium‐modifying agents to improve calcified vessel compliance.
Optimization of Microbial Fuel Cell Operational Parameters for the Treatment of Brewery Sludge
Authors: Gebrehiwot Hagos Mebrahtu , Kassahun Shimelis Kebede 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of a salt bridge‐mediated microbial fuel cell (MFC) for power generation and wastewater sludge treatment in breweries. Unlike traditional “one‐parameter‐at‐a‐time” methodologies, this study uses a three‐variable Box–Behnken design response surface methodology to optimize critical MFC operational parameters. The effects of parameters such as solution pH, salt bridge molarity, and temperature were studied in the range of 4 to 10, 1 to 5 M, and 20 to 45 g L−1. The optimum operating parameters were found to be solution pH of 5.853, salt bridge molarity of 3.343 M, and temperature of 32.5 °C for chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand removal efficiencies of 92.485 % and 88.51 %, respectively. Temperature was found to be the most significant factor affecting the reactor's performance.
Unsupervised Machine Learning‐Derived Anion‐Exchange Membrane Polymers Map: A Guideline for Polymers Exploration and Design
Authors: Phua Yin Kan , Terasoba Nana , Tanaka Manabu , Fujigaya Tsuyohiko , Kato Koichiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough anion‐exchange membranes (AEMs) are commonly used in fuel cells and water electrolyzers, their widespread commercialization is hindered by problems such as low anion conductivity and durability. Moreover, the development of high‐performance AEMs remains complex and time consuming. Here, we address these challenges by proposing an innovative approach for the efficient design and screening of AEM polymers using unsupervised machine learning. Our model, which combines principal component analysis with uniform manifold approximation and projection, generates an intuitive map that clusters AEM polymers based on structural similarities without any predefined knowledge regarding anion conductivity or other experimentally derived variables. As a powerful navigation tool, this map provides insights into promising main‐chain structures, such as poly(arylene alkylene)s with consistently high conductivity and polyolefins with exceptional performance depending on the substituent. Furthermore, assisted by key molecular descriptors, inverse analysis with this model allows targeted design and property prediction before synthesis, which will significantly accelerate the discovery of novel AEM polymers. This work represents a paradigm shift not only in AEM research but also generally in materials research, moving from black‐box predictions toward interpretable guidelines that foster collaboration between researchers and machine learning for efficient and informed material development.
Visible‐Light Organic Photosensitizers Based on 2‐(2‐Aminophenyl)benzothiazoles for Photocycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Pylova Ekaterina , Lasorne Benjamin , McClenaghan Nathan D. , Jonusauskas Gediminas , Taillefer Marc , Konchenko Sergey N. , Prieto Alexis , Jaroschik Florian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe have studied 2‐(2‐aminophenyl)benzothiazole and related derivatives for their photophysical properties in view of employing them as new and readily tunable organic photocatalysts. Their triplet energies were estimated by DFT calculations to be in the range of 52–57 kcal mol−1, suggesting their suitability for the [2+2] photocycloaddition of unsaturated acyl imidazoles with styrene derivatives. Experimental studies have shown that 2–(2–aminophenyl)benzothiazoles comprising alkylamino groups (NHMe, NHiPr) or the native amino group provide the best photocatalytic results in these visible‐light mediated [2+2] reactions without the need of any additives, yielding a range of cyclobutane derivatives. A combined experimental and theoretical approach has provided insights into the underlying triplet‐triplet energy transfer process.
Fluidized bed applications and modern scale‐up tools for the energy transition
Authors: Pugsley Todd 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFluidized bed technology has a 100‐year history of delivering energy solutions to the world. Examples include fluid catalytic cracking, coal combustion and gasification, and fluid coking. Moving forward, fluidization technology has the potential to underpin the development of entirely new sustainable processes in the energy transition and the circular economy and many of these will be advanced by small‐and‐medium enterprises (SMEs) and start‐ups. Focused, low‐cost, and time‐bound research outcomes will be needed to support these SMEs as they bring their new technologies to market as quickly as possible. This paper first summarizes some of the fluidized bed technologies that will play a key role in the energy transition and then considers how the strategic concept of discovery driven growth can lead to focused, rapid, and low‐cost information. The experimental data can then be used to develop hybrid models using machine learning methods that will be more robust, accurate, and reliable models. With focused, interdisciplinary research, fluidization models may be developed that would allow fluidized beds to go directly from lab or pilot scale directly to commercial. This would reduce development costs and timelines dramatically, hence bringing these new technologies to market more quickly. Early commercialization will allow the environmental benefits to begin to accrue earlier and will improve returns on investment.
One‐Dimensional Metal‐Organic Framework for High‐Efficiency Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO†
Authors: Lu Jie , Wang Qianyu , Jin Zhikai , Xiao Yang , Huang Bi‐Hong , Zhang Cai‐Hong , Yang Gui‐Zeng , Zhou Yi , Ke Fu‐Sheng 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive SummaryElectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to valuable products possesses huge potential to alleviate environmental and energy crisis. It is well known that Ag favors the conversion of CO2 to CO but the exposed active sites and stability are still rather limited. In this study, a novel one‐dimensional Ag‐based metal‐organic framework (1D Ag‐NIM‐MOF) was successfully synthesized and used in the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) for the first time. As a result, the Faradaic efficiency of CO achieved 94.5% with current density of 12.5 mA·cm–2 in an H‐type cell and 98.2% with current density of 161 mA·cm–2 in a flow cell at –1.0 V (vs. RHE), which stands as a new benchmark of Ag‐based MOFs in the electrocatalytic CO2RR. The excellent performance of 1D Ag‐NIM‐MOF is attributed to its peculiar one‐dimensional structure, which is beneficial for diffusion of reactants and products, and exposure of much more catalytic sites. Compared to commercial Ag nanoparticles, 1D Ag‐NIM‐MOF exhibits superior electrocatalytic CO2RR performance with higher catalytic activity and stability.
Efficient H2O2 Synthesis Through a Two‐Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction by Electrocatalysts
Authors: Chen Huatian , Chen Runxuan , Liu Sha , Zhou Yanhong , Chen Xinyu , Cai Jiajin , Lan Xiyue , Jiang Haomin , Lin Liu , Sun Zemin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e‐ORR) for the sustainable synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has demonstrated considerable potential for local production of this environmentally friendly chemical oxidant on small, medium, and large scales. This method offers a promising alternative to the energy‐intensive anthraquinone approach, placing a primary emphasis on the development of efficient electrocatalysts. Improving the efficiency of electrocatalysts and uncovering their catalytic mechanisms are essential steps in achieving high 2e‐ORR activity, selectivity, and stability. This comprehensive review summarizes recent advancements in electrocatalysts for in‐situ H2O2 production, providing a detailed overview of the field. In particular, the review delves into the design, fabrication, and investigation of catalytic active sites contributing to H2O2 selectivity. Additionally, it highlights a range of electrocatalysts including pure metals and alloys, transition metal compounds, single‐atom catalysts, and carbon‐based catalysts for the 2e‐ORR pathway. Finally, the review addresses significant challenges and opportunities for efficient H2O2 electrosynthesis, as well as potential future research directions.
Intrinsic Infant Hippocampal Function Supports Inhibitory Processing
Authors: Guha Anika , Hunter Sharon K. , Legget Kristina T. , McHugo Maureen , Hoffman M. Camille , Tregellas Jason R. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTImpaired cerebral inhibition is commonly observed in neurodevelopmental disorders and may represent a vulnerability factor for their development. The hippocampus plays a key role in inhibition among adults and undergoes significant and rapid changes during early brain development. Therefore, the structure represents an important candidate region for early identification of pathology that is relevant to inhibitory dysfunction. To determine whether hippocampal function corresponds to inhibition in the early postnatal period, the present study evaluated relationships between hippocampal activity and sensory gating in infants 4–20 weeks of age (N = 18). Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure hippocampal activity, including the amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) and fractional ALFF. Electroencephalography during a paired‐stimulus paradigm was used to measure sensory gating (P50). Higher activity of the right hippocampus was associated with better sensory gating (P50 ratio), driven by a reduction in response to the second stimulus. These findings suggest that meaningful effects of hippocampal function can be detected early in infancy. Specifically, higher intrinsic hippocampal activity in the early postnatal period may support effective inhibitory processing. Future work will benefit from longitudinal analysis to clarify the trajectory of hippocampal function, alterations of which may contribute to the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and represent an intervention target.
Impacts of stream drying depend on stream network size and location of drying
Authors: Malish Megan C. , Gao Shang , Allen Daniel C. , Neeson Thomas M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStream drying is increasing globally, with widespread impacts on stream ecosystems. Here, we investigated how the impacts of drying on stream ecosystem connectivity might depend on stream network size and the location of drying within the stream network. Using 11 stream networks from across the United States, we simulated drying scenarios in which we varied the location and spatial extent of drying. We found that the rate of connectivity loss varied with stream network size, such that larger stream networks lost connectivity more rapidly than smaller stream networks. We also found that the rate of connectivity loss varied with the location of drying. When drying occurred in the mainstem, even small amounts of drying resulted in rapid losses in ecosystem connectivity. When drying occurred in headwater reaches, small amounts of drying had little impact on connectivity. Beyond a certain threshold, however, connectivity declined rapidly with further increases in drying. Given the increasing stream drying worldwide, our findings underscore the need for managers to be particularly vigilant about fragmentation when managing at large spatial scales and when stream drying occurs in mainstem reaches.
First observation of a spawning mantle display in a European unionid mussel
Authors: Rock Sebastian L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFreshwater bivalve mussels in the order Unionida are highly endangered ecosystem engineers with a parasitic lifecycle necessitating a fish host to metamorphose from larval glochidia to juvenile mussel. While many species are broadcast spawners and release a large number of glochidia into the water column, many other species have a variety of highly evolved lure mechanisms and mantle displays to attract hosts to ensure a more targeted infestation. Almost all lure mussels are found exclusively in North America, with only one European species (Unio crassus) occasionally displaying a host attraction behaviour referred to as larval spurting. Here, I present evidence that the depressed river mussel (Pseudanodonta complanata) exhibits mantle displays to attract fish to gravid mussels for a targeted infestation, the first description of mantle displays in Europe.
High levels of species' extirpation in an urban environment—A case study from Berlin, Germany, covering 1700–2023
Authors: Keinath Silvia , De Silva Shenya , Sommerwerk Nike , Freyhof Jörg 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpecies loss is highly scale‐dependent, following the species–area relationship. We analysed spatio‐temporal patterns of species' extirpation on a multitaxonomic level using Berlin, the capital city of Germany. Berlin is one of the largest cities in Europe and has experienced a strong urbanisation trend since the late nineteenth century. We expected species' extirpation to be exceptionally high due to the long history of urbanisation. Analysing 37 regional Red Lists of Threatened Plants, Animals and Fungi of Berlin (covering 9498 species), we found that 16% of species were extirpated, a rate 5.9 times higher than at the German scale and 47.1 times higher than at the European scale. Species' extirpation in Berlin is comparable to that of another German city with a similarly broad taxonomic coverage, but much higher than in regional areas with less human impact. The documentation of species' extirpation started in the eighteenth century and is well documented for the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. We found an average annual extirpation of 3.6 species in the nineteenth century, 9.6 species in the twentieth century and the same number of extirpated species as in the nineteenth century were documented in the twenty‐first century, despite the much shorter time period. Our results showed that species' extirpation is higher at small than on large spatial scales, and might be negatively influenced by urbanisation, with different effects on different taxonomic groups and habitats. Over time, we found that species' extirpation is highest during periods of high human alterations and is negatively affected by the number of people living in the city. But, there is still a lack of data to decouple the size of the area and the human impact of urbanisation. However, cities might be suitable systems for studying species' extirpation processes due to their small scale and human impact.