bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State-selective electron capture in Ar

16
+

+

H

(
1
s
)

collisions for charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy
Authors: Kotian A M , Antonio N W , Marchuk O , Kadyrov A S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
State-selective electron capture in collisions of Ar16+ ions with ground-state hydrogen atoms has been modeled using the two-center wave-packet convergent close-coupling approach. The partially stripped He-like projectile ion is represented using a model potential. Experimental measurements are not available for this collision system and to date, only the classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) method has been applied to calculate cross sections. The calculated total electron-capture cross section (TECS) is in good agreement with the previous CTMC results at the low energies but slightly larger at higher energies. This is likely because, in this work, we account for capture into highly excited states, which contribute significantly to the TECS at the intermediate energies. The n-resolved electron-capture cross sections have also been presented for capture into states with

n
=
6
−
19

, where n is the final-state principal quantum number. The most important of these are the cross sections for capture into the

n
=
14
−
17

states, which are used in charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy techniques. For these cross sections, a significant difference is observed between the present and previously published data. The cross sections differ by an order of magnitude in the 10−60 keV u−1 energy range. The agreement between the calculations is observed at the energies above 70 keV u−1. The

n
ℓ

-resolved electron-capture cross sections have also been presented at 15, 60, 100 and 200 keV u−1 projectile energies, where

ℓ

is the final-state angular momentum quantum number.
Generally applicable physics-based equation of state for liquids
Authors: Proctor J E , Trachenko Kostya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Physics-based first-principles pressure-volume-temperature equations of state (EOS) exist for solids and gases but not for liquids due to the long-standing fundamental problems involved in liquid theory. Current EOS models that are applicable to liquids and supercritical fluids at liquid-like density under conditions relevant to planetary interiors and industrial processes are complex empirical models with many physically meaningless adjustable parameters. Here, we develop a generally applicable physics-based (GAP) EOS for liquids including supercritical fluids at liquid-like density. The GAP equation is explicit in the internal energy, and hence links the most fundamental macroscopic static property of fluids, the pressure-volume-temperature EOS, to their key microscopic property: the molecular hopping frequency or liquid relaxation time, from which the internal energy can be obtained. We test our GAP equation against available experimental data in several different ways and find good agreement. Our GAP equation, unavoidably and similarly to solid EOS, contains a semi-empirical term giving the energy of the static sample as a function of volume only (

E

ST

(
V
)

). Our testing includes studies along isochores, in order to examine the validity of the GAP equation independently of the validity of any function we may choose to utilize for

E

ST

(
V
)

. The only other adjustable parameter in the equation is the Grüneisen parameter for the fluid. We observe that the GAP equation is similar to the Mie–Grüneisen solid EOS in a wide range of the liquid phase diagram. This similarity is ultimately related to the condensed state of these two phases. On the other hand, the differences between the GAP equation and EOS for gases are fundamental. Finally, we identify the key gaps in the experimental data that need to be filled in to proceed further with the liquid EOS.
An oscillating float-type piezoelectric-triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid wave energy harvester used in fish-attracting lamp
Authors: Yang Bowen , He Lipeng , Liu Zheming , Feng Linqiang , Zhang Limin , Fan Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, an oscillating float-type piezoelectric-triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid wave energy harvester (PTE-HEH) used in fish-attracting lamp is proposed. It integrates three power generation methods and makes reasonable use of space, and the three power generation methods can complement each other. The theoretical analysis, simulation analysis, and experimental test of PTE-HEH are carried out. The variation trend and optimal parameters of each unit are found in the theoretical analysis and simulation. In the experiment, when the cantilever beam clamping length is 10 mm, the triboelectric mode of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film and copper foil independent triboelectric layer is adopted, and the number of magnets is 3, the output performance of PTE-HEH reaches the optimal state. When the external load resistance is 0.4 MΩ, the maximum output voltage is 69.52 V, and the maximum output power can reach 15.80 mW. It is greater than the sum of the output power of the three generators when they work alone. The power density can reach 25.99 W m−3. PTE-HEH can light 97 LEDs and power the temperature and humidity sensor. The PTE-HEH also makes the normal operation of fish-attracting lamp. The combination of PTE-HEH and fish-attracting lamp provides a new scheme for the subsequent development of self-powered fishing devices at sea.
A unified CNN approach for guided wave-based damage detection, damage size estimation and reliability assessment demonstrated on a complex composite structure
Authors: Schackmann Oliver , Memmolo Vittorio , Moll Jochen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This work presents a novel unified Convolutional Neural Network approach where broadband ultrasonic guided waves signals are processed in such a way that damage is first detected (binary classification) and then its severity assessed on continuous scale (multi-class classification) without resorting to different procedures. To test the learning approach and assess the classification procedures, a hyperparameter optimization is first carried out to determine the best data processing procedure. Then, the performance of the network is evaluated thoroughly. The results demonstrated the relationship between the model’s performance and SHM system parameters, including excitation signal, pre-processing approach and the number of paths utilized within a sparse distributed transducer network. Furthermore, the damage location is an important influence factor. In addition to that, ensemble voting is demonstrated to be the most accurate approach to achieve high reliability in damage detection and size assessment. The results show the capability of the proposed methodology (i) to detect early damage with highest possible accuracy (ii) to estimate the dimension of damage with limited error and reasonable accuracy, and (iii) to assess the reliability of the whole monitoring system through damage size estimation combined with a critical damage size approach.
Investigating the effect of rolling deformation on the electro-mechanical limits of Nb3Sn wires produced by RRP® and PIT technologies
Authors: Bagni T , Calzolaio C , Bovone G , Ferradas-Troitino J , Barth C , Ballarino A , Senatore C 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Future high-field magnets for particle accelerators hinge on the crucial development of advanced Nb3Sn wires engineered to withstand the large stresses generated during magnet assembly and operation. The superconducting properties of Nb3Sn enable the design of compact accelerator-quality magnets above 10 T, but at the same time the brittleness and strain sensitivity of the material impose careful consideration of the mechanical limits. In addition, accelerator magnets are wound using Rutherford cables and the cabling process generates deformations in the wire that can affect its electro-mechanical performance. This paper reports on the impact of the rolling deformation on the transverse stress tolerance of high-performance restacked-rod-process (RRP®) and powder-in-tube (PIT) Nb3Sn wires. Rolling deformation was used to mimic the effect of cabling on the wire shape. Deformed samples were compared to reference round wires in term of stress dependence and irreversible limit (σ
irr) of the critical current (I
c) under transverse compressive loads up to 240 MPa. Experiments were performed at 4.2 K, 19 T, on resin-impregnated single wires that imitate the operating conditions in a Rutherford cable of an accelerator magnet. The results show that rolling deformation has a detrimental effect on the initial I
c of PIT wires, but it does not influence the behavior of the wire under stresses above 70 MPa. On the other hand, the deformation of RRP® wires leads to an improved σ
irr without affecting the initial I
c. Additionally, a 2D-mechanical finite element method model of the RRP® wire was developed to investigate the impact of the wire geometry on the plastic deformation of the copper matrix, which induces residual stresses on Nb3Sn and is the main cause for the permanent reduction of I
c. Based on the model results, an alternative layout of the wire was proposed that improves its stress tolerance without affecting its electrical transport properties.
From stochastic Hamiltonian to quantum simulation: exploring memory effects in exciton dynamics
Authors: Gallina Federico , Bruschi Matteo , Fresch Barbara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The unraveling of open quantum system dynamics in terms of stochastic quantum trajectories offers a picture of open system dynamics that consistently considers memory effects stemming from the finite correlation time of environment fluctuations. These fluctuations significantly influence the coherence and energy transport properties of excitonic systems. When their correlation time is comparable to the timescale of the Hamiltonian evolution, it leads to the departure of open system dynamics from the Markovian limit. In this work, we leverage the unraveling of exciton dynamics through stochastic Hamiltonian propagators to design quantum circuits that simulate exciton transport, capturing finite memory effects. In addition to enabling the synthesis of parametrizable quantum circuits, stochastic unitary propagators provide a transparent framework for investigating non-Markovian effects on exciton transport. Our analysis reveals a nuanced relationship between environment correlation time and transport efficiency, identifying a regime of ‘memory-assisted’ quantum transport where time-correlated fluctuations allow the system to reach higher efficiency. However, this property is not universal and can only be realized in conjunction with specific features of the system Hamiltonian.
Developing an electronic nose for formalin detection in meatballs using Support Vector Machine (SVM) method and Raspberry Pi 4
Authors: Sanjaya W S Mada , Roziqin Akhmad , Wijaya Temiesela Agung , Fauzi Badru Zaman M , Taqwim Ahsani , Opialisti Intan , Sintia Putri , Mulyawan Andri , Anggraeni Dyah , Sa’adah Tsamrotus 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study presents the development of an Electronic Nose system using Arduino Mega and Raspberry Pi 4, capable of accurately detecting odors and gases. Previously, sensor analysis revealed that variations in meatball and formalin mixtures yield diverse sensor responses, with some sensors exhibiting high sensitivity to formalin. Additionally, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) demonstrated clear separation among different classes, facilitating comprehensive data analysis. The study also evaluated the performance of the SVM model, showing precise SVM parameter optimization with high accuracy for classification, achieving up to 100% accuracy at C = 0.1, kernel RBF, and gamma 0.1. These findings highlight the potential of the developed system to effectively detect formalin in meatballs, providing valuable insights for ensuring food safety and quality assurance. Overall, the optimal selection of the C parameter plays a key role in enhancing SVM model performance and contributes to advancing detection technology in food industry applications.
Structural and optical study of RF-magnetron sputtering SnO2 thin films: impact of post annealing temperature
Authors: Sajdeh Natasha , Terohid Seyed Ali Asghar , Asgary Somayeh , Behzadi Ghobad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tin oxide (SnO2) thin films are prepared using radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RF) method and then annealed at different temperatures in the range of 550–750 °C for 1 h. The effects of annealing temperature on the structural and optical properties of the films are investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and spectrophotometer. It is evident that the annealed films have flat surface with smooth morphology. Based on the XRD graph, as deposited films were amorphous and the annealed films had polycrystalline nature and contain the SnO2 tetragonal rutile phase. According to Raman spectra, the annealed films revealed three vibration modes Eg, A1g and B2g at the frequencies of Sn-O bond vibrations, which related to the SnO2 phase. The samples exhibit an average optical transmittance with more than 80 % between 400 − 700 nm. The refractive index values were in the range of 0.9-2.4 at visible wavelength. It is found that with increasing annealing temperature the films become more transparence while the refractive index and the extinction coefficient increased. The optical band gap energy decreases with increasing annealing temperature that means that the optical quality of annealed films is improved.
Exploring the viability of secondary absorber materials in perovskite solar cell structures through computational analysis
Authors: Prasanna J Lakshmi , Kumar Atul , Kumar M Ravi , Chella Santhosh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are at the forefront of next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their high efficiency and cost-effectiveness. To further enhance their performance, we investigate the integration of a second absorber layer alongside the conventional perovskite layer. Through extensive simulation techniques, we explore the effectiveness of silicon, Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS), and additional perovskite layers in forming a Double layered absorber perovskite solar cell (DLAPSC) structure. Our analysis of key performance metrics reveals MASnI3 as the most promising second absorber material, offering superior performance attributed to favorable band alignment and enhanced charge transport properties. In contrast, CIGS and Si layers exhibit inferior performance due to comparatively narrow bandgaps, leading to increased resistive losses. The perovskite/perovskite DLAPSC shows significant promise, achieving a notable power conversion efficiency of 41.56%. This study emphasizes the importance of meticulous parameter optimization and material selection in advancing PSC technology, highlighting the potential of DLAPSCs for renewable energy applications.
Study and analysis of the effects of trap assisted tunneling on the sensing performance of InAs/Si hetero juncture TFET based biosensor
Authors: Ghosh Rittik , Biswas Sushantika , Venugopal Saraswathy , Misra Sinjini , Bose Chandreyee , Saha Priyanka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the impact of trap related non-idealities on the sensing characteristics of Indium Arsenide/Silicon (InAs/Si) heterojuncture tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) with dual metal stacked dielectric. Presence of straddling band alignment improves the tunneling probability across InAs/Si junction of the present device thereby boosting its sensing ability. Two cavities carved in the gate dielectric across the source side act as the sensing site for the detection of biomolecules. These biomolecules are immobilized within the implanted cavity to induce the drain current. Extensive simulation is carried out using Silvaco ATLAS device simulator activating trap assisted tunneling model to capture the realistic environment of biosensor in contrast to ideal condition for better reliability analysis. The study shows that trap assisted tunneling effectively modulates the important sensitivity metrics of the biosensor including ON current sensitivity, sub-threshold sensitivity with significant impact on Id-VGS characteristics, subthreshold slope profiles and Ion/Ioff ratio and hence cannot be neglected for accurate estimation of sensitivity for real time applications.
Impact of In-doping and post-annealing on the properties of SnO2 thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Xiao Ruibo , Cheng Jian , Lu Zhenya , Sun Qian , Wang Xin , Fu Xiaoyi , Gao Junning 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
SnO2 is a transparent semiconductor that has shown versatile applications in various fields. This study investigates the impact of In-incorporation and post-annealing on the structural, optical and electronical properties of SnO2 thin films deposited via RF magnetron sputtering. Three SnO2 target compositions were employed, with one unintentionally doped (UID), one with 1.0 at% In, and the other with 18.2 at% In. UV–vis spectroscopy reveals the presence of band tails in the as-deposited films, which can be significantly suppressed through annealing, particularly in air. Oxygen vacancy-related defect states below the conduction band minimum are believed to be responsible. Further, film thicknesses, refractive indices, and absorption coefficients were estimated from the UV–vis spectra of the films, employing the irritative Swanepoel method. The resistivities of SnO2:In films exhibit parabolic trends with respect to annealing temperature with minima values at 300 °C, while that of UID-SnO2 increases monotonically. P-type conductivity was found in the 300 °C-annealed SnO2:18.2 at% In films both in air and N2, with the N2-annealing leading to higher mobility (162.7 cm2·V−1·s−1) and lower resistivity (0.57 Ω·cm). The Fermi levels of the SnO2:In films are found to locate deep inside the bandgap, which is beneficial to form homojunctions with SnO2 of shallow Fermi levels.
Pioneering the plethora of soliton for the (3+1)-dimensional fractional heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain equation
Authors: Ullah Ikram , Shah Kamal , Abdeljawad Thabet , Barak Shoaib 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this scholarly article, we investigate the complex structured (3+1)-dimensional Fractional Heisenberg Ferromagnetic Spin Chain equation (FHFSCE) with conformable fractional derivatives. We develop a diverse glut of soliton solutions using an improved version of theG′G-expansion method, namely ther+G′G-expansion method. The constraints for the existence of these solutions are painstakingly explained. Our findings are clearly communicated through a number of 3D and 2D graphical representations displaying periodic, multiple periodic, kink, and shock soliton solutions. These soliton solutions are expressed in several mathematical function forms, such as hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational functions. Our findings support the suggested method’s efficacy as a powerful symbolic algorithm for discovering innovative soliton solutions within nonlinear evolution systems.
Three-phase-lag analysis of transversely isotropic double porous thermoelastic waves with liquid medium
Authors: Pathania Vijayata , Kumar Rajesh , Barak M S , Gupta Vipin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This manuscript presents a mathematical framework for a double porous, thermoelastic solid half-space with transverse isotropy in contact with an inviscid liquid half-space. The analysis takes into account the three-phase-lag model within thermoelasticity theory. To gain deeper insights, we formulate the governing equations in a two-dimensional representation and subsequently employ normal mode analysis for their rigorous solution. The governing equations are influenced by both types of voids, anisotropy, thermal effect, and inviscid liquid. It has been discovered that thermoelastic half-space exhibits five coupled longitudinal waves, and in the liquid half-space, there is one mechanical wave. Secular equations are obtained by using thermal and mechanical conditions, resulting in a compact representation of phase velocity, specific loss, penetrating depth, and attenuation coefficient. Analytical presentations have been made to showcase the effects of anisotropy, voids, and liquid on various wave parameters. These effects are compared by illustrating the results graphically using the MATLAB software, allowing for a visual understanding of the comparative outcomes. This study has practical applications in engineering, materials science, geophysics, and environmental studies, contributing to advancements in various industries and scientific fields.
The development of multiplexing capability for reflective matched fiber bragg gratings interrogation technique and its application in real-time micro cracks detection
Authors: Khan Raja Yasir Mehmood , Ullah Rahim , Faisal Muhammad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cracks detection in engineering structures is pivotal for ensuring structural reliability and preventing catastrophic failures. In this article we developed multiplexing capability of reflective matched fiber Bragg Gratings (RM-FBGs) interrogation technique and utilized it for crack detection in an assembly aluminum plates. Firstly, the proposed multiplexing capability is analyzed by applying axial strain on an array of five FBGs pasted on five separate aluminum assemblies. The strain in any FBG due to localized micro-crack resulted in variation its output itself by ascertaining no effect in the outputs of other FBGs, certifying the multiplexing capability of RM-FBGs scheme. The developed RM-FBGs scheme is practically applied micro-cracks detection in a V-shape crack produced in assembly of aluminum plates. The crack is monitored by an array of three multiplexed FBGs epoxied to the plate’s junction at three different positions P1, P2 and P3. Where P1 is at beginning, P2 is at middle and P3 is at end of the crack. Sensitivities of the FBGs at points P1, P2 and P3 were found to be 0.09 ± 0.0001 V μm−1, 0.10 ± 0.007 V μm−1 and 1.08 ± 0.09 V μm−1, respectively and resolutions were found to be 0.22 μm, 0.20 μm and 0.02 μm, respectively. Variation in gauge length of the optical fiber from 100 mm to 200 mm resulted in 76.36% increase in crack width sensing range but at the cost of compromise in sensitivity and resolution. The proposed multiplexed RM-FBG can be deployed for early micro-cracks detection in metallic and non-metallic structures with sub-micrometers resolution.
Degradation of signal-to-noise ratio due to turbulence in various biological tissues
Authors: Baykal Yahya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
When a biological tissue is excited by an optical beam, the presence of turbulence in the tissue causes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to degrade. This degradation is in reference to the SNR value in the absence of tissue turbulence. The effect of tissue turbulence in reducing the SNR is examined. SNR reductions are examined for various types of biological tissues such as liver parenchyma (mouse), intestinal epithelium (mouse), upper dermis (human). Also, SNR reductions in the turbulent tissue are evaluated against the changes in the strength coefficient of the refractive-index fluctuations, fractal dimension, characteristic length of heterogeneity, small length-scale factor, tissue length, wavelength and the source size.