bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal‐Structure Studies of Mononuclear Iron(II) Complexes with Two‐Step Spin Crossover: [Fe{5‐NO2‐sal‐N(1,4,7,10)}] Revisited
Authors: Kusz Joachim , Nowak Maria , Gütlich Philipp 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn the region of the spin transition of spin‐crossover (SCO) compounds there coexist molecules in both high‐spin (HS) and low‐spin (LS) states. In the case of two‐step spin transition, theoretical predictions and computer simulations have shown that HS and LS complex molecules should be ordered in the plateau region. Several examples that support this hypothesis are already presented in the literature. Herein, we discuss a mononuclear complex of iron(II) with two‐step spin transition in terms of long‐range ordering of HS and LS molecules. In such compounds, spin transition is associated with the formation of a superstructure. However, previous studies of the [Fe{5‐NO2‐sal‐N(1,4,7,10)}] [5‐NO2‐sal‐N(1,4,7,10) = 5‐nitrosalicylaldehyde–1,4,7,10‐tetraazadecane] coordination complex have not revealed the occurrence of the satellite reflections in the SCO plateau region as a typical sign of the formation of a superstructure. Re‐investigations of this complex by using strong X‐ray sources and a charge‐coupled device (CCD) camera show that satellite reflections appear in the plateau region. This is evidence that also in this case the superstructure is formed in the plateau region with long‐range ordering of the HS and LS molecules. The two‐step spin transition is connected to the change of the conformer and a dramatic change in the hydrogen‐bonding system.
Intronic deletion and duplication proximal of the EXT1 gene: A novel causative mechanism for multiple osteochondromas
Authors: Waaijer Cathelijn J. F. , Winter Marcel G. T. , Reijnders Christianne M. A. , de Jong Daniëlle , John Ham S. , Bovée Judith V. M. G. , Szuhai Károly 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMultiple osteochondromas (MO) is a syndrome in which benign cartilage‐capped neoplasms develop at the surface of the long bones. Most cases are caused by exonic changes in EXT1 or EXT2, but 15% are negative for these changes. Here we report for the first time a family of MO patients with germline genomic alterations at the EXT1 locus without detectable mutations or copy number alterations of EXT exonic sequences. Array‐CGH showed an 80.7 kb deletion of Intron 1 of EXT1 and a 68.9 kb duplication proximal of EXT1. We identified a breakpoint between the distal end of the duplicated region and a sequence distal of the deleted region in the first intron. This breakpoint was absent in non‐affected family members. The configuration of the breakpoint indicates a direct insertion of the duplicated region into the deletion. However, no other breakpoint was found, which suggests a more complex genomic rearrangement has occurred within the duplicated region. Our results reveal intronic deletion and duplication as a new causative mechanism for MO not detected by conventional diagnostic methods. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wildlife conservation planning under the United States Forest Service's 2012 planning rule
Authors: Schultz Courtney A. , Sisk Thomas D. , Noon Barry R. , Nie Martin A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn 2012, the United States Forest Service (USFS) promulgated new planning regulations in accordance with the National Forest Management Act (NFMA). These regulations represent the most significant change in federal forest policy in decades and have sweeping implications for wildlife populations. We provide a brief overview of the history of the NFMA planning regulations and their wildlife provisions and review the current science on planning for effective wildlife conservation at the landscape scale. We then discuss the approach to wildlife conservation planning in the 2012 rule and compare it to alternatives that were not selected and previous iterations of the planning rule. The new planning rule is of concern because of its highly discretionary nature and the inconsistency between its intent on the one hand and operational requirements on the other. Therefore, we recommend that the USFS include in the Directives for implementing the rule commitments to directly monitor populations of selected species of conservation concern and focal species and to maintain the viability of both categories of species. Additional guidance must be included to ensure the effective selection of species of conservation concern and focal species, and these categories should overlap when possible. If the USFS determines that the planning unit is not inherently capable of maintaining viable populations of a species, this finding should be made available for scientific review and public comment, and in such cases the USFS should commit to doing nothing that would further impair the viability of such species. In cases where extrinsic factors decrease the viability of species, the USFS has an increased, not lessened, responsibility to protect those species. Monitoring plans must include trigger points that will initiate a review of management actions, and plans must include provisions to ensure monitoring takes place as planned. If wildlife provisions in forest plans are implemented so that they are enforceable and ensure consistency between intent and operational requirements, this will help to prevent the need for additional listings under the Endangered Species Act and facilitate delisting. Although the discretionary nature of the wildlife provisions in the planning rule gives cause for concern, forward‐thinking USFS officials have the opportunity under the 2012 rule to create a robust and effective framework for wildlife conservation planning. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Thermal‐Induced Transformation of Polydopamine Structures: An Efficient Route for the Stabilization of the Polydopamine Surfaces
Authors: Proks Vladimír , Brus Jiří , Pop‐Georgievski Ognen , Večerníková Eva , Wisniewski Waldemar , Kotek Jiří , Urbanová Matrina , Rypáček František 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis work brings a new insight into the structural transformation and stabilization of polydopamine (PDA) surfaces induced by thermal treatment. Taking advantage of the isotopic enrichment, 15N CP/MAS NMR experiments produce significant signal enhancements for PDA, allowing detection of a range of nitrogen structural units—the reaction products of the conversion of NH3+ units of 15N‐dopamine·HCl. In addition, 1H‐15N cross‐polarization polarization‐inversion profiles measured for each of the detected 15N NMR signals and 1H‐15N FSLG HETCOR NMR spectra allow revisions and extensions to be made in a structural elucidation of PDA. Combining the NMR data thermogravimetric analyses and an FTIR analysis, several competitive processes that occur during the thermal conversion of dopamine are identified.
Novel insights into protein misfolding diseases revealed by ion mobility‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Williams Danielle M. , Pukala Tara L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAmyloid disorders incorporate a wide range of human diseases arising from the failure of a specific peptide or protein to adopt, or remain in, its native functional conformational state. These pathological conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease are highly debilitating, exact enormous costs on both individuals and society, and are predicted to increase in prevalence. Consequently, they form the focus of a topical and rich area of current scientific research. A major goal in attempts to understand and treat protein misfolding diseases is to define the structures and interactions of protein species intermediate between fully folded and aggregated, and extract a description of the aggregation process. This has proven a difficult task due to the inability of traditional structural biology approaches to analyze structurally heterogeneous systems. Continued developments in instrumentation and analytical approaches have seen ion mobility‐mass spectrometry (IM‐MS) emerge as a complementary approach for protein structure determination, and in some cases, a structural biology tool in its own right. IM‐MS is well suited to the study of protein misfolding, and has already yielded significant structural information for selected amyloidogenic systems during the aggregation process. This review describes IM‐MS for protein structure investigation, and provides a summary of current research highlighting how this methodology has unequivocally and unprecedentedly provided structural and mechanistic detail pertaining to the oligomerization of a variety of disease related proteins. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 32:169–187, 2013
Fidaxomicin: novel antibiotic for Clostridium difficile infection
Authors: Chaplin Steve , Wilcox Mark 
Published: January 2013

AbstractFidaxomicin (Dificlir) is a new antibiotic licensed for the treatment of C. difficile infection in adults. In our New products review, Steve Chaplin presents the clinical data relating to its efficacy and adverse events and Professor Mark Wilcox discusses its place in treatment.
Role of spirometry in detection of nasal obstruction
Authors: Farhadi M , Ghanbari H , Izadi F , Amintehran E , Eikani M S , Ghavami Y 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground:A subjective feeling of nasal airflow obstruction is a common symptom. An objective method for quantitative measurement of nasal airflow has long been desired. Rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry have been developed for anatomical and physiological evaluation of nasal obstruction. This study was designed to determine the usefulness of a portable spirometer in assessing upper airway obstruction.Methods:One hundred and ninety-six patients were assessed with nasal inspiratory spirometry to determine nasal airflow. All patients also underwent paranasal sinus computed tomography to determine anatomical abnormalities. Spirometry was performed on each nostril separately.Results:Sensitivity and specificity levels were high. This portable and easy to use device may be useful in respiratory assessment. Correlation between anatomical obstructions and subjects' complaints was statistically significant (p < 0.001), but no definite correlation between septal deviation severity and spirometric values was found.Conclusion:Portable spirometry is an objective and useful method of evaluating nasal obstruction, but needs more investigation to establish a standardised test.
Screening medical patients for distress and depression: does measurement in the clinic prior to the consultation overestimate distress measured at home?
Authors: Hansen C. H. , Walker J. , Thekkumpurath P. , Kleiboer A. , Beale C. , Sawhney A. , Murray G. , Sharpe M. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundMedical patients are often screened for distress in the clinic using a questionnaire such as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) while awaiting their consultation. However, might the context of the clinic artificially inflate the distress score? To address this question we aimed to determine whether those who scored high on the HADS in the clinic remained high scorers when reassessed later at home.MethodWe analysed data collected by a distress and depression screening service for cancer out-patients. All patients had completed the HADS in the clinic (on computer or on paper) prior to their consultation. For a period, patients with a high score (total of ⩾15) also completed the HADS again at home (over the telephone) 1 week later. We used these data to determine what proportion remained high scorers and the mean change in their scores. We estimated the effect of ‘regression to the mean’ on the observed change.ResultsOf the 218 high scorers in the clinic, most [158 (72.5%), 95% confidence interval (CI) 66.6–78.4] scored high at reassessment. The mean fall in the HADS total score was 1.74 (95% CI 1.09–2.39), much of which could be attributed to the estimated change over time (regression to the mean) rather than the context.ConclusionsPre-consultation distress screening in clinic is widely used. Reassuringly, it only modestly overestimates distress measured later at home and consequently would result in a small proportion of unnecessary further assessments. We conclude it is a reasonable and convenient strategy.
La représentation mentale du genre pendant la lecture: état actuel de la recherche francophone en psycholinguistique
Authors: GYGAX PASCAL , SARRASIN ORIANE , LÉVY ARIK , SATO SAYAKA , GABRIEL UTE 
Published: January 2013

RÉSUMÉDans cet article, nous présentons les recherches, relativement récentes, sur l'intégration du genre dans la représentation mentale d'une lectrice ou d'un lecteur, en mettant l'accent sur leurs controverses ainsi que sur les pistes encore peu (ou pas) explorées. Nous espérons ainsi susciter l'intérêt de la communauté francophone sur ce sujet, jusqu'ici relativement discrète. Au travers de cette présentation, nous souhaitons également souligner les retombées sociétales des recherches sur ce sujet, principalement au travers de l'identification de processus langagiers discriminants.Si la recherche a jusqu'ici principalement ciblé des adultes dits monolingues entre 19 et 25 ans, nous présenterons également les quelques études qui ont été menées sur les enfants entre 6 et 15 ans, un projet en cours sur des enfants entre 2 et 3 ans et quelques résultats d'une étude récente examinant l'influence du bilinguisme sur la représentation du genre.
Antenna-in-package (AiP) in mm-wave band
Authors: Alhenawy Mahmoud , Schneider Martin 
Published: January 2013

We studied the viability of the embedded wafer level ball grid array (eWLB) package environment as an antenna platform for 77 GHz automotive radar sensors and the effects of package fabrication tolerances on the antenna performance. The investigation of different antenna concepts in the eWLB package and their characterization methods are addressed. The design procedures for electrically large, differentially fed loop antennas in a multilayer package structure are introduced. Two different planar antennas are developed and measured in an eWLB package showing promising results such as a gain of 9 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of 8 GHz. An acceptable antenna performance is recorded within the tolerance limits. Therefore, the eWLB package is seen as an appropriate platform for mm-wave antennas and as a good candidate for an antenna-in-package (AiP) concept.
Endodermal ABA Signaling Promotes Lateral Root Quiescence during Salt Stress inArabidopsisSeedlings
Authors: Duan Lina , Dietrich Daniela , Ng Chong Han , Chan Penny Mei Yeen , Bhalerao Rishikesh , Bennett Malcolm J. , Dinneny José R. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe endodermal tissue layer is found in the roots of vascular plants and functions as a semipermeable barrier, regulating the transport of solutes from the soil into the vascular stream. As a gateway for solutes, the endodermis may also serve as an important site for sensing and responding to useful or toxic substances in the environment. Here, we show that high salinity, an environmental stress widely impacting agricultural land, regulates growth of the seedling root system through a signaling network operating primarily in the endodermis. We report that salt stress induces an extended quiescent phase in postemergence lateral roots (LRs) whereby the rate of growth is suppressed for several days before recovery begins. Quiescence is correlated with sustained abscisic acid (ABA) response in LRs and is dependent upon genes necessary for ABA biosynthesis, signaling, and transcriptional regulation. We use a tissue-specific strategy to identify the key cell layers where ABA signaling acts to regulate growth. In the endodermis, misexpression of the ABA insensitive1-1 mutant protein, which dominantly inhibits ABA signaling, leads to a substantial recovery in LR growth under salt stress conditions. Gibberellic acid signaling, which antagonizes the ABA pathway, also acts primarily in the endodermis, and we define the crosstalk between these two hormones. Our results identify the endodermis as a gateway with an ABA-dependent guard, which prevents root growth into saline environments.
MicroRNA-200a Promotes Anoikis Resistance and Metastasis by Targeting YAP1 in Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Yu San-Jian , Hu Jing-Ying , Kuang Xia-Ying , Luo Jian-Min , Hou Yi-Feng , Di Gen-Hong , Wu Jiong , Shen Zhen-Zhou , Song Hou-Yan , Shao Zhi-Ming 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Purpose: The process of metastases involves the dissociation of cells from the primary tumor, penetration into the basement membrane, invasion, and exiting from the vasculature to seed and colonize distant tissues. miR-200a is involved in this multistep metastatic cascade. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that miR-200a promotes metastasis through increased anoikis resistance in breast cancer.
Experimental Design: Breast cancer cells transfected with mimic or inhibitor for miR-200a were assayed for anoikis in vitro. miR-200a expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Luciferase assays, colony formation assays, and animal studies were conducted to identify the targets of miR-200a and the mechanism by which it promotes anoikis resistance.
Results: We found that overexpression of miR-200a promotes whereas inhibition of miR-200a suppresses anoikis resistance in breast cancer cells. We identified Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) as a novel target of miR-200a. Our data showed that targeting of YAP1 by miR-200a resulted in decreased expression of proapoptotic proteins, which leads to anoikis resistance. Overexpression of miR-200a protected tumor cells from anoikis and promoted metastases in vivo. Furthermore, knockdown of YAP1 phenocopied the effects of miR-200a overexpression, whereas restoration of YAP1 in miR-200a overexpressed breast cancer cells reversed the effects of miR-200a on anoikis and metastasis. Remarkably, we found that YAP1 expression was inversely correlated with miR-200a expression in breast cancer clinical specimens, and miR-200a expression was associated with distant metastasis in patients with breast cancer.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that miR-200a functions as anoikis suppressor and contributes to metastasis in breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 19(6); 1389–99. ©2013 AACR.
Global Imperatives of the 21st Century: The Academy’s Response
Authors: Granholm Nels H. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Our twenty-first century world deteriorates socially, biologically, and physically while we in the Academy blindly pursue our “disciplinary truths.” As responsible members of the Academy and as interdisciplinary global studies specialists, we have an obligation to educate our students and colleagues by providing fundamental knowledge, tools, training, and hopefully passion to become interculturally competent and authentic global citizens. As a Coordinator of a Global Studies Program at a Land-Grant University, I would like to discuss specific strategies on how to motivate students, faculty members, and administrators alike in order to confront and resolve widespread problems in global social injustice and the ominously declining biological and physical states of our Earth. Most critically, we in the Academy, our honored and treasured professoriate, are obliged to provide the knowledge, tools, and leadership to engage the world and work toward resolution of our twenty-first century global imperatives.
Systematic Review of Acupuncture in Cancer Care: A Synthesis of the Evidence
Authors: Garcia M. Kay , McQuade Jennifer , Haddad Robin , Patel Sonya , Lee Richard , Yang Peiying , Palmer J. Lynn , Cohen Lorenzo 
Published: January 2013

Purpose Many cancer centers offer acupuncture services. To date, a comprehensive systematic review of acupuncture in cancer care has not been conducted. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for symptom management in patients with cancer. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane (all databases), Scopus, and PubMed were searched from inception through December 2011 for prospective randomized clinical trials (RCT) evaluating acupuncture for symptom management in cancer care. Only studies involving needle insertion into acupuncture points were included. No language limitations were applied. Studies were assessed for risk of bias (ROB) according to Cochrane criteria. Outcomes by symptom were designated as positive, negative, or unclear. Results A total of 2,151 publications were screened. Of those, 41 RCTs involving eight symptoms (pain, nausea, hot flashes, fatigue, radiation-induced xerostomia, prolonged postoperative ileus, anxiety/mood disorders, and sleep disturbance) met all inclusion criteria. One positive trial of acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting had low ROB. Of the remaining studies, eight had unclear ROB (four positive, three negative, and one with unclear outcomes). Thirty-three studies had high ROB (19 positive, 11 negative, and three with both positive and negative outcomes depending on the symptom). Conclusion Acupuncture is an appropriate adjunctive treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting, but additional studies are needed. For other symptoms, efficacy remains undetermined owing to high ROB among studies. Future research should focus on standardizing comparison groups and treatment methods, be at least single-blinded, assess biologic mechanisms, have adequate statistical power, and involve multiple acupuncturists.
Associations of Recreational Physical Activity and Leisure Time Spent Sitting With Colorectal Cancer Survival
Authors: Campbell Peter T. , Patel Alpa V. , Newton Christina C. , Jacobs Eric J. , Gapstur Susan M. 
Published: January 2013

PurposeLittle is known about the association of recreational physical activity or leisure time spent sitting with survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis. This study examined the associations of prediagnosis and postdiagnosis recreational physical activity and leisure time spent sitting with mortality among patients with colorectal cancer.Patients and MethodsFrom a cohort of adults without colorectal cancer at baseline in 1992-1993, we identified 2,293 participants who were diagnosed with invasive, nonmetastatic colorectal cancer up to mid-2007. At baseline, before their cancer diagnosis, and again after their cancer diagnosis, participants completed detailed questionnaires that included information concerning recreational physical activity and leisure time spent sitting.ResultsDuring a maximum follow-up of 16.1 years after colorectal cancer diagnosis, 846 patients with colorectal cancer died, 379 of them from colorectal cancer. Engaging in 8.75 or more metabolic equivalent (MET) hours per week of recreational physical activity (equivalent to approximately 150 minutes per week of walking) compared with fewer than 3.5 MET hours per week was associated with lower all-cause mortality (prediagnosis physical activity: relative risk [RR], 0.72; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.89; postdiagnosis physical activity: RR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.71). Spending 6 or more hours per day of leisure time sitting compared with fewer than 3 hours per day was associated with higher all-cause mortality (prediagnosis sitting time: RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.68; postdiagnosis sitting time: RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.64).ConclusionMore recreational physical activity before and after colorectal cancer diagnosis was associated with lower mortality, whereas longer leisure time spent sitting was associated with higher risk of death.
A minimal Prikry-type forcing for singularizing a measurable cardinal
Authors: Koepke Peter , Räsch Karen , Schlicht Philipp 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRecently, Gitik, Kanovei and the first author proved that for a classical Prikry forcing extension the family of the intermediate models can be parametrized by /finite. By modifying the standard Prikry tree forcing we define a Prikry-type forcing which also singularizes a measurable cardinal but which is minimal, i.e., there are no intermediate models properly between the ground model and the generic extension. The proof relies on combining the rigidity of the tree structure with indiscernibility arguments resulting from the normality of the associated measures.