bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoacoustic Consolidation of Metal Particles for Energy-Efficient Metal Powders Recycling in Metal Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Riyad M. Faisal , Han Pu , Torabnia Shams , Hsu Keng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology, approximately 20–30% of powder feedstock is stored after multiple cycles of sieving and reclaiming due to the deviation from standard particle geometry and size distribution. At present, there are no feasible ways to recycle these out-of-spec powders and they are being stored. This leads to storage-related issues and increases safety risks in manufacturing facilities. Here, we introduce an energy-efficient method to consolidate this hazardous metal waste into filament feedstock for repurposing without melting. In general, traditional production of wire feedstock is predominantly done using energy-intensive thermal melt-cast processes followed by mechanical drawing. The proposed technology compresses the multi-step process flow into a single-step technique of discrete-phase raw material consolidation and shaping into wire feedstocks using acoustic energy. This can bring about significant energy and cost savings in feedstock production and create a new route for reclaiming and repurposing of discrete-phase metal materials in production processes such as LPBF. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of utilizing low processing temperatures and power ultrasonics to consolidate out-of-spec metal powders. The effect of processing temperature and time on the porosity and microstructure of the consolidated samples has been studied. The results from this study will help us to develop a semi-continuous roll-forming technology to produce wire feedstocks for direct use in other additive manufacturing processes such as direct energy deposition or wire arc additive manufacturing.
A New Planar Overconstrained Mechanism Generated by Merging Two Symmetric Watt’s Six-Bar Linkages that Perform Gear-Like Motion
Authors: Chan Cody Leeheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article explores the synthesis of a planar overconstrained mechanism potentially for a folding hinge application. Inspired by a folding hinge patent from a phone company, the author analyzes the linkage and discovers a special mechanism generated by merging two symmetric Watt’s six-bar linkages. The synthesis method involves finding a Watt’s six-bar linkage with gear-like input–output motion. The differential evolution optimization algorithm is used to determine the dimensions of the linkage that satisfy the synchronized motion. Numerical results demonstrate the successful synthesis of the overconstrained mechanism with extremely low error, validating its performance. The CAD model and prototyping further confirm its functionality. This article makes three significant contributions: First, it synthesizes a Watt’s six-bar linkage that performs approximate gear-like motion for the first time. Second, it introduces a novel planar overconstrained mechanism and presents a methodology for its synthesis. Finally, it proposes a potential design for synthesizing and implementing overconstrained mechanisms in foldable phone hinges, meeting requirements for compactness and durability.
The Role of the Lead Hip in Collegiate Baseball Pitching: Implications for Ball Velocity and Upper-Extremity Joint Moments
Authors: Solomito Matthew J. , Garibay Erin J. , Cohen Andrew , Nissen Carl W. 
Published: August 2024

Hip flexibility is an important biomechanical factor for a baseball pitcher. However, there have been limited investigations into the association between upper-extremity joint stresses and ball velocity and hip flexibility, as assessed via motion patterns during the pitch. The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed kinematic description of the lead hip during the pitch and determine the association between lead hip motion and both ball velocity and the elbow varus moment. This study was a secondary analysis of the kinematic and kinetic data previously collected on 99 collegiate-level baseball pitchers using standard optoelectronic motion capture. Significant associations were noted between lead hip internal rotation and both peak ball velocity and the elbow varus moment. The data indicated that for every 10° increase in internal lead hip rotation, ball velocity increased by 0.6 m/s (P < .001, r2 = .26), and the elbow varus moment increased by 5 N·m (P < .001, r2 = .33). The results of this study suggested that internal hip rotation may be an important means of identifying pitchers that may be at risk for future injury.
Participant Experiences With a Community-Based, “Older Adult” Walking Football Initiative in Australia: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Fitzsimons Lauren , Dogramaci Sera , Bennie Andrew , Rossi Tony , Taylor Nicole , McInerny Ashleigh , Young Carmen , White Rhiannon Lee 
Published: August 2024

Despite the growing popularity of walking sports, little is known about who is attracted to them, and what skills, motivations, and experiences encourage ongoing participation. The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon of walking football in Australia. The authors first conducted semistructured interviews with 53 older adults (M = 62.37 years, 30.19% female) participating in walking football in Australia. Next, they conducted thematic analysis to develop themes that represented participant perspectives. Results indicated that walking football led to several physical benefits, but the social and mental benefits seemed to be more closely associated with continued participation. The slower pace of walking football created a valuable option to engage in physical activity among those with injuries or severe health issues, as well as older adults concerned about injuries. The slower pace also shifted the focus of walking football away from fitness and ability, and toward technique and skill development, and this focus, along with the mix in abilities, led to informal coaching and mentoring roles which were highly valued among older participants. Participant views about competition in walking football were diverse, with some expressing a mild concern. Understanding such diverse experiences of walking football helps to better understand how different aspects of the sport influence the perceived benefits and likelihood of continuing for different people. Using these findings to further develop walking sports in Australia could have large impacts on the health and well-being of older people.
Complete genome sequence of
Bacillus stercoris
BST19, a soil isolate with potential anti-microbial properties using PacBio sequencing
Authors: Ku Hsin-Tzu , Su Marcia Shu-Wei , Yeh Yu-Chia , Coronel Shane Marie , Chen Chi-Chung , Shu Hung-Yu 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome sequence of
Bacillus stercoris
BST19, an isolate from the allotment soil in Tainan, Taiwan. The genome was obtained using the PacBio Sequel II platform, yielding a circular chromosome of 4,167,147 bp with a 43.9% GC content.
Improved genome assembly of
Candida auris
strain B8441 and annotation of B11205
Authors: Cauldron Nicholas C. , Shea Terrance , Cuomo Christina A. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Candida auris
is a fungal pathogen of significant worldwide concern, typically resistant to one or more antifungal drugs. We report a completed genome for clade Ia isolate B8441 and gene annotations of clade Ic isolate B11205. These resources will support public health investigations and population genomic studies of this pathogen.
Genome sequence of bacteriophage GiJojo, isolated using
Streptomyces mirabilis
in Catonsville, Maryland
Authors: Badiola Marie Louise P. , Befano Kaela D. , Berger McKayla L. , Blanco Claudine R. , Ghunney Nhyira , Lee Jaehyun G. , Myat Lin P. , Nguyen James K. , Ober Ellison M. , Press-Porter Karla M. , She Brendan T. , Watkins Justin S. ,   2023 UMBC Phage Hunters, Caruso Steven M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophage GiJojo is a myovirus isolated from soil that infects
Streptomyces mirabilis
NRRL B-2400, with a genome length of 115,161 bp containing 180 genes and 29 tRNAs. Of those genes, 59 have been assigned functions. GiJojo is a member of the BS cluster of actinobacteriophages.
They are still children: a scoping review of conditions for positive engagement in elite youth sport
Authors: Wilson Stuart G. , KurtzFavero Mia , Smith Haley H. , Bergeron Michael F , Côté Jean 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to characterise the key factors that influence positive engagement and desirable developmental outcomes in sport among elite youth athletes by summarising the methods, groups and pertinent topical areas examined in the extant published research.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesWe searched the databases SPORTDiscus, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science and Sports Medicine & Education Index for peer-reviewed, published in English articles that considered the factors influencing positive developmental outcomes for athletes under 18 years competing at a national and/or international level.ResultsThe search returned 549 articles, of which 43 met the inclusion criteria. 16 studies used a qualitative approach, 14 collected quantitative data, 2 adopted mixed methods and 11 were reviews. Seven articles involved athletes competing in absolute skill contexts (ie, against the best athletes of any age) while the majority involved athletes competing in relative skill contexts (ie, against the best in a specific age or developmental group). The studies described the characteristics of the athletes, as well as their training, relationships with others, social and physical environments, and/or their overall developmental pathways.ConclusionExisting research on positive engagement in elite youth sport aligned with and mapped onto established models of positive development in youth sport more generally. Our findings further support that, while certain youth athletes may demonstrate extraordinary performance capabilities, they are still children who benefit from positive engagement prompted and reinforced by developmentally appropriate and supportive activities, relationships and environments.
High-intensity interval training improves cardiovascular and physical health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bilberg Annelie , Mannerkorpi Kaisa , Borjesson Mats , Svedlund Sara , Sivertsson Jenny , Klingberg Eva , Bjersing Jan 
Published: August 2024

Objectives

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have substantially elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases, and low cardiorespiratory fitness (VO
2
max) is a major mediator. The aim of this assessor-blinded, two-armed multicentre randomised controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and strength exercise on cardiovascular health, physical fitness and overall health in patients with RA.

Methods

In total, 87 patients (86% female; aged 20–60 years) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG) or a control group (CG). The IG performed HIIT and strength exercise for 12 weeks. The CG was instructed to be physically active on a moderately intensive level, ≥150 min/week. Primary outcome was change in VO
2
max. Secondary outcomes were changes in anthropometry measures, muscle strength, overall health (Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)-Global), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), pain and disease activity (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28)).

Results

There was a significant mean group difference of change on VO
2
max (3.71 mL/kg/min; 95% CI 2.16, 5.25) in favour of the IG. Significant mean group differences of change were also seen for O
2
-pulse (1.38; 95% CI 0.85 to 1.91), waist circumference (−2.6; 95% CI −5.09 to –0.18), 1-minute sit-to-stand (5.0; 95% CI 3.35 to 6.72), handgrip strength (28.5; 95% CI 3.80 to 52.8), overall health (−14.7; 95% CI –23.8 to –5.50) and PGIC (p<0.0001) in favour of the IG. No significant mean group differences of change were found for pain (−4.0; 95% CI −13.07 to 5.06), DAS28 (−0.25; 95% CI −0.60 to 0.10) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (−0.64; 95% CI −3.23 to 1.90).

Conclusion
Supervised HIIT and strength exercise improved cardiovascular health, physical fitness and overall health without a deterioration in pain and disease activity and should be considered in patients with well-controlled RA.

Trial registration number

NCT05768165
.
Effects of double diffusion and Soret effect on MHD braking of liquid metal packed between enclosed rotating cylindrical annulus
Authors: Dash Subas Chandra 
Published: August 2024

In this study, the combined effect of Joule heating and Soret number on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) braking of incompressible stratified liquid metal packed between a confined rotating annulus has been investigated. Both axial sinusoidal temperature and as well as sinusoidal concentration have been imposed in this braking system. However, radial cooling is enforced on the rotating disc of the braking system. The Soret effect on concentration gradient has been observed when the stratified liquid is exposed to a temperature gradient along with an axial magnetic field at different buoyancy ratios. A significant difference in convection heat and mass flow can be seen. The average shear wood decreased from 8.97 to 2.36 and the average Nusselt number decreased from 8.6 to 2.8 between the outer rotating disk and inner stationary disks at positive buoyancy ratios. This huge difference in heat and mass convection near the inner disk with respect to the outer brake disk confirms the MHD braking effect. Moreover, comparative studies of mass convection with respect to convective heat transfer have been observed based on the average magnitude of Sherwood and Nusselt numbers at both positive and negative buoyancy ratios.
Microscopic description of the pygmy and giant dipole resonances in even–even nuclei. Application to the isotopes 150,152,154,156,158,160Gd
Authors: Raduta A. A. , Raduta C. M. , Poenaru R. 
Published: August 2024

This paper deals with a microscopic approach for the description of the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) as well as of the giant dipole resonance (GDR). The formalism is based on a Hamiltonian which is summing a mean field term, the pairing for alike nucleons and the dipole–dipole interaction. Two features are specific for our description: (a) The use of a projected spherical single particle basis and (b) the involved dipole operator is a Schif-like operator including a corrective term which is cubic in the radial coordinate. The dipole strength distribution with energy is plotted for the PDR region, i.e., [0,10] MeV. The dominant transitions have an isovector character for three isotopes and isoscalar for another three. The PDR states carry only 0.4–1.8[Formula: see text] of the total EWSR. The dependence of the dipole strength on nuclear deformation is evidenced. For the whole interval of [0,20] MeV the dipole strength was first folded by Lorentzian of 1[Formula: see text]MeV width and then plotted as function of the QRPA energies. The peaks belonging to each of the two ranges are analyzed in detail and their nature, isovector/isoscalar, was pointed out. The r-cubic term and the nuclear deformation have opposite effects on the dipole strength. The famous Thomas–Reiche–Kuhn sum rule formula is generalized to the case of the Schiff dipole momentum. The new EWSR is very well satisfied. The photoabsorbtion cross-section is calculated and compared with experimental data in a figure showing its dependence on energy. The total cross-section, [Formula: see text], the moments of the integrated cross-sections, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], the dipole polarizability and the thickness of the neutron crust are also calculated. The main features of PDR and GDR are realistically described.
Learning Coordination Through New Actions
Authors: Castro Sofia B. S. D. 
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we provide a novel approach to achieving a desired outcome in a coordination game: the original [Formula: see text] game is embedded in a [Formula: see text] game where one of the players may use a third action. For a large set of payoff values, only one of the Nash equilibria of the original [Formula: see text] game is stable under replicator dynamics. We show that this Nash equilibrium attracts all initial conditions in the interior of the state space for the modified [Formula: see text] game. Thus, the existence of a third action for one of the players, although not used, allows both players to coordinate on one Nash equilibrium. This Nash equilibrium is the one preferred by, at least, the player with access to the new action. This approach deals with both coordination failure (players choose the payoff-dominant Nash equilibrium, if such a Nash equilibrium exists) and miscoordination (players do not use mixed strategies).
Emergence of Self-Replicating Hierarchical Structures in a Binary Cellular Automaton
Authors: Yang Bo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We have discovered a novel transition rule for binary cellular automata (CAs) that yields self-replicating structures across two spatial and temporal scales from sparse random initial conditions. Lower-level, shape-shifting clusters frequently follow a transient attractor trajectory, generating new clusters, some of which periodically self-duplicate. When the initial distribution of live cells is sufficiently sparse, these clusters coalesce into larger formations that also self-replicate. These formations may further form the boundaries of an expanding complex on an even larger scale. This rule, dubbed “Outlier,” is rotationally symmetric and applies to 2-D Moore neighborhoods. It was evolved through genetic programming during an extensive search for rules that foster open-ended evolution in CAs. While self-replicating structures, both crafted and emergent, have been created in CAs with state sets intentionally designed for this purpose, the Outlier may be the first known rule to facilitate nontrivial emergent self-replication across two spatial scales in binary CAs.
Sufis and Sultans in Eighteenth-Century Delhi: Re-evaluating the Political Letters of Shāh Walī Allāh of Delhi (d. 1762)
Authors: Morgan Daniel Jacobius 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
While Shāh Walī Allāh’s political letters have been the subject of much scholarly discussion, they are still deeply misunderstood. These misunderstandings are due, primarily, to erroneous attributions of recipients, misidentified individuals in the letters, and the failure to read these “political letters” alongside Walī Allāh’s broader epistolographic corpus, contemporary biographical texts and political chronicles of the period. This article argues that far from being a critic of the Mughal Empire per se, Walī Allāh was closely associated with leading members of ʿĀlamgīr II’s court. Moreover, his famous “invitation” to the Afghan ruler Aḥmad Shāh Abdālī, ostensibly asking him to invade Hindustan, should properly be understood as an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to attract the favorable attention of a military leader in order to mitigate the danger posed by his troops.
Prostitution in Nineteenth-Century Tehran
Authors: Vejdani Farzin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article examines the shifting lines between ethics and law in the policing and punishment of prostitution in nineteenth-century Tehran. It begins by exploring Tehran’s urban policing and legal institutions before examining how illicit sexual acts were defined alternatively as sins or crimes, depending on the relative publicness of the act, in prescriptive and legal texts. It then turns to how this played out in practice by analyzing a first-hand account of a private party and a rare testimonial document signed by neighborhood residents complaining about a pimping and procurement ring in their midst. Prostitutes and pimps regularly evaded penal sanction through close contacts with the police, which prompted an array of government strategies to address prostitution. Finally, the article ends by discussing known cases of punishment for prostitution and pimping in Tehran, including two Tehrani prostitutes whose crimes drew the attention of Nāṣir al-Dīn Shāh.
Reconciling Peoples and Places: Perpetual Re-interpretation in Perceptions of Social and Cultural Identities in Northeast China
Authors: Kim Loretta E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Genesis and development of ethnic and national identities have been topics of continual interest and importance for historical research but, as taken for granted, may obscure the similarities between populations now recognized as separate groups and blur social and cultural boundaries between distinct sub-groups within a community. This article explores how the scope and application of identities as determined by “place” and by “people” as well as a combined emphasis on both place and people have evolved in the modern history of Northeast China, with broader implications for the study of Asia through comparison with other regions of the world.
How to Research the Multiethnic Empire and Its Colonial Legacy: a Response Paper to “Reconciling Peoples and Places” by Loretta Kim
Authors: Ziehaus Stephanie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Current and past historical research on Russia and China’s borderlands heavily relies on the concept of ethnicity. Both the Russian and Qing empires ascribed to an “ethnic mode of ruling” in their borderlands, reflected in the estate inorodtsy and the Eight Banner system. In view of how strongly state-determined categories of ethnic identification can influence historical analysis, this paper observes that the focus of research is shifting from “ethnicity” to “regionality”. The paper also explores how the communist regimes in Russia and China of the 20th century handled the legacy of the multiethnic empire with the politicization of ethnic groups.
Contributions to Iranian Etymology II
Authors: Fattori Marco 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this article the possible Iranian etymology of three hitherto unexplained Old Armenian words is discussed: Arm. aptak ‘slap, blow’ < Ir. *apitāka-, to be compared with Man.Parth. and MP abdāg ‘assailant’; Arm. žapawēn ‘hem, border’ compound of Parth. *žī(h), equivalent of NP zeh ‘string, hem, decoration’ + Arm. apawēn ‘cover, shelter, refuge’; Arm. xawsim ‘to speak’ from a metathetic form of MIr. *wā̆xs-, inchoative formation from the root *vac- ‘to speak’. Finally, Szemerényi’s convincing explanation of Arm. awgnem ‘to help’ and zawravign ‘aid, helper, defender’ as related to an OIr. noun *abigna- ‘helper’ attested in several anthroponyms (e.g. OP Bagābigna-) is reaffirmed and substantiated since it remained mostly unnoticed in the subsequent literature.