bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival characteristics of Wilms Tumor, a reference developed from a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Elgenidy Anas , Afifi Ahmed M. , Gad Eman F. , Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim Hoda , khan Ubaid , Alomari Omar , Cheema Huzaifa A. , Ebad-Ur-Rehman Mohammad , Sherif Aya , Alzu’bi Mohammad , Abd-Elfattah Mohamed , Ahmad Ahmad Roshdy , Elhoufey Amira , Osman Amira M. , Ezzat Mohamed , Hammour Ahmed E. , Dailah Hamad Ghaleb , Gamal Doaa Ali , Saad Khaled 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Wilms tumor (WT) survival has been affected by the evolution in clinical and biological prognostic factors. Significant differences in survival rates indicate the need for further efforts to reduce these disparities. This study aims to evaluate the clinicopathological data impact on survival among patients after Wilm's diagnosis.

Methods
The study utilized the SEERStat Database to identify Wilms tumor patients, applying SEERStat software version 8.3.9.2 for data extraction. Selection criteria involved specific codes based on the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICDO-3), excluding cases with unknown SEER stage, incomplete survival data, unknown size, or lymph node status. Statistical analyses, including Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox regression models, were conducted using R software version 3.5. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were computed with SEER*Stat software, and relative and conditional survival analyses were performed to evaluate long-term survival outcomes.

Results
Of 2273 patients diagnosed with Wilms tumor, (1219 patients, 53.6% were females with an average age group of 3–8 years (50.2%). The overall mean survival after five years of diagnosis was 93.6% (2.6–94.7), and the overall mean survival rate was 92.5% (91.3–93.8) after ten years of diagnosis. Renal cancers were identified as the leading cause of death (77.3%), followed by nonrenal cancers (11%) and noncancer causes (11%). Additionally, robust relative survival rates of 98.10%, 92.80%, and 91.3% at one, five, and ten years, respectively, were observed, with corresponding five-year conditional survival rates indicating an increasing likelihood of survival with each additional year post-diagnosis. Univariate Cox regression identified significant prognostic factors: superior CSS for patients below 3 years (cHR 0.48) and poorer CSS for those older than 15 years (cHR 2.72), distant spread (cHR 10.24), regional spread (cHR 3.09), and unknown stage (cHR 4.97). In the multivariate model, age was not a significant predictor, but distant spread (aHR 9.22), regional spread (aHR 2.84), and unknown stage (aHR 4.98) were associated with worse CSS compared to localized tumors.

Conclusion
This study delving into WT survival dynamics reveals a multifaceted landscape influenced by clinicopathological variables. This comprehensive understanding emphasizes the imperative for ongoing research and personalized interventions to refine survival rates and address nuanced challenges across age, stage, and tumor spread in WT patients.
The mode of action of IL-23 in experimental inflammatory arthritic pain and disease
Authors: Lee Kevin M.-C. , Lupancu Tanya , Chang Leon , Manthey Carl L. , Zeeman Martha , Fourie Anne M. , Hamilton John A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
We have previously reported using gene-deficient mice that the interleukin (IL)-23p19 subunit is required for the development of innate immune-driven arthritic pain and disease. We aimed to explore here, using a number of in vivo approaches, how the IL-23p19 subunit can mechanistically control arthritic pain and disease in a T- and B- lymphocyte-independent manner.

Methods
We used the zymosan-induced arthritis (ZIA) model in wild-type and Il23p19−/− mice, by a radiation chimera approach, and by single cell RNAseq and qPCR analyses, to identify the IL23p19-expressing and IL-23-responding cell type(s) in the inflamed joints. This model was also utilized to investigate the efficacy of IL-23p19 subunit blockade with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb). A novel IL-23-driven arthritis model was established, allowing the identification of putative downstream mediators of IL-23 in the control of pain and disease. Pain and arthritis were assessed by relative static weight distribution and histology, respectively.

Results
We present evidence that (i) IL-23p19+ non-bone marrow-derived macrophages are required for the development of ZIA pain and disease, (ii) prophylactic and therapeutic blockade of the IL-23p19 subunit ameliorate ZIA pain and disease and (iii) systemically administered IL-23 can induce arthritic pain and disease in a manner dependent on TNF, GM-CSF, CCL17 and cyclooxygenase activity, but independently of lymphocytes, CGRP, NGF and substance P.

Conclusions
The data presented should aid IL-23 targeting both in the choice of inflammatory disease to be treated and the design of clinical trials.
The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on social and economic welfare in Uganda
Authors: Musoke David , Nalinya Sarah , Lubega Grace Biyinzika , Deane Kevin , Ekirapa-Kiracho Elizabeth , McCoy David 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
As a measure to slow down the transmission of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), governments around the world placed their countries under various stringent lockdown measures. Uganda is one of the countries that had a strict lockdown in Africa. This qualitative study explored the social and economic impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown in both an urban (Kampala) and rural (Wakiso) setting in Central Uganda.

Methods
The study used focus group discussions (FGDs), household interviews, and key informant interviews (KIIs). 14 FGDs were conducted among several stakeholders including community health workers, health professionals, and members of the community. 40 household interviews were conducted among low, middle, and high-income households, while 31 KIIs were held among policy makers, non-governmental organisations, and the private sector. Data were analysed thematically in NVivo 2020 (QSR International).

Results
Findings from the study are presented under six themes: family disruption; abuse of children’s rights; disruption in education; food insecurity; impact on livelihoods; and violation of human rights. The study found that the COVID-19 lockdown led to family breakups, loss of family housing, as well as increased both caring responsibilities and gender-based violence especially towards females. Children’s welfare suffered through increased child labour, sexual exploitation, and early marriages. The extended closure of schools led to delayed educational milestones, poor adaptation to home-based learning, and increased school drop-out rates. Increased food insecurity led to changes in feeding patterns and reduced food varieties. Livelihoods were negatively affected hence people depleted their savings and capital. Unlawful detention and beating by law enforcement officers increased during the lockdown.

Conclusion
Future pandemic planning needs to consider the consequences of lockdown on the social and economic wellbeing of communities hence put in place appropriate mitigation measures during and after the outbreak.
Exploring the impact of high density planting system and deficit irrigation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.): a comprehensive review
Authors: Manibharathi Sekar , Somasundaram Selvaraj , Parasuraman Panneerselvam , Subramanian Alagesan , Ravichandran Veerasamy , Manikanda Boopathi Narayanan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLessons learned from past experiences push for an alternate way of crop production. In India, adopting high density planting system (HDPS) to boost cotton yield is becoming a growing trend. HDPS has recently been considered a replacement for the current Indian production system. It is also suitable for mechanical harvesting, which reducing labour costs, increasing input use efficiency, timely harvesting timely, maintaining cotton quality, and offering the potential to increase productivity and profitability. This technology has become widespread in globally cotton growing regions. Water management is critical for the success of high density cotton planting. Due to the problem of freshwater availability, more crops should be produced per drop of water. In the high-density planting system, optimum water application is essential to control excessive vegetative growth and improve the translocation of photoassimilates to reproductive organs. Deficit irrigation is a tool to save water without compromising yield. At the same time, it consumes less water than the normal evapotranspiration of crops. This review comprehensively documents the importance of growing cotton under a high-density planting system with deficit irrigation. Based on the current research and combined with cotton production reality, this review discusses the application and future development of deficit irrigation, which may provide theoretical guidance for the sustainable advancement of cotton planting systems.
Change management through strategic leadership: the mediating effect of knowledge management in public organizations, Ethiopia
Authors: Ferede Worku Lemlemu , Endawoke Yalew , Tessema Gedif 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of strategic leadership on change management within public organizations, mediated by knowledge management. In this study, an explanatory design and a quantitative approach were employed. A structured questionnaire survey was administered to 366 randomly selected respondents from public organizations in northwest Ethiopia. The reliability and validity of the scale items were rigorously assessed, and the data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The findings reveal the direct effects of strategic leadership and knowledge management on change management, with knowledge management partially mediating the relationship between strategic leadership and change management. The study addresses a significant gap in the literature by shedding light on how strategic leadership drives change in public organizations. Its interdisciplinary approach and examination of mediation offer original insights, paving the way for future studies on challenges within public service contexts. Recommendations underscore the importance of considering local context, embracing adaptive leadership, and integrating knowledge processes for effective change management in public organizations.
Merocel versus a new septal clip with splint in post septal surgery cases: a prospective study
Authors: Das Jyoti Ranjan , Ghosh Debangshu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeptoplasty is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in otorhinolaryngology to overcome nasal obstruction. Following septal surgery, nasal packs are commonly inserted by surgeons to support and appose septal flaps the types of which depend on the preference and experience of the surgeon.Background We conducted a study to compare the Merocel sponge with that of a newly developed septal clip with the splint in patients who underwent septoplasty or submucosal resection to find out which one is better. A total of 50 patients were included in the study over a period of 3 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 25 each where group M is for patients receiving Merocel after surgery and group C is for patients receiving septal clips with splints.Aim The aim of this study was to assess and compare the effects of a Merocel pack on nasal functions with that of the septal clip and their eventual complications and outcome in the post-operative period.Results The main observations that were found in both groups in the immediate postoperative period were (1) pain (2) nasal obstruction (3) sleep disturbance (4) headache (5) epiphora (6) dryness of mouth and (7) postnasal drip. Pain was mild to moderate in the case of group M (MPS was 2.4) and moderate to severe degree in the case of group C (MPS was 5.7).Nasal obstruction was more common in Merocel group patients. Sleep disturbance, headache, epiphora, post-nasal drip, and dryness of mouth were also more in the Merocel group. After pack removal in both groups, the nasal examination was done to see crusts, vestibulitis, and septal ulcers. All these findings were more in the septal clip with the splint group.Conclusions It was observed that Merocel nasal packing causes significant morbidity and discomfort in the immediate post-operative period as compared to septal clips. It is also expensive. The new septal clips with splints can be used as an effective alternative to Merocel for approximation of flaps after septal surgery.
High-fat intake induces gut microbiota disorders, inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in Nyctereutes procyonoides
Authors: Li Zhaoming , Wei Chengwei , Yang Jie , Geng Yuan , Zhu Mengran , Xu Tianchao , Guo Mengyao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Nyctereutes procyonoides is highly regarded in the farming and leather industries because of the high value of its fur, which renders artificial feeding a crucial aspect. However, high-fat diets have always been associated with a variety of digestive disorders. This study aimed to investigate the impact of high-fat diets on the gut microbiota and the mechanisms of gut damage in Nyctereutes procyonoides. 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that high-fat diets caused diarrhea and intestinal damage through alterations in the gut microbiota: a decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes, an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and an increase in the abundance of Enterococcaceae, Escherichia coli-Shigella, Clostridium and Lactobacillus. Subsequently, changes in metabolic pathways, such as amino and fatty acid pathways, were identified by KEGG and COG enrichment analysis, and the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammatory signaling pathway was shown to be activated by high-fat diets. In addition, high-fat diets lead to the accumulation of ROS and MDA and reduce the activity of the antioxidant enzymes GSH-PX and SOD. Correspondingly, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) were significantly increased, and the apoptosis and necrosis signaling pathways of colonic cells were detected, causing a dramatic decrease in the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (Occludin, E-cadherin, ZO-1 and ZO-2). In conclusion, high-fat diets altered the structure of the Nyctereutes procyonoides gut microbiota community and led to colon damage. This study provides new insights into the intestinal health of Nyctereutes procyonoides.
Graphical Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 on health service utilization in sub-Saharan Africa—a scoping review
Authors: Tannor Elliot Koranteng , Amuasi John , Busse Reinhard , Opoku Daniel , Ofori Emmanuel , Gyan Kwadwo Faka , Aikins Minas , Hutton-Mensah Kojo , Opare-Addo Priscilla , Quentin Wilm 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite comparatively low rates of COVID-19 admissions and recorded deaths in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the pandemic still had significant impact on health service utilization (HSU). The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize the available evidence of HSU in SSA during the pandemic, focusing on types of studies, changes in HSU compared with the pre-pandemic period, and changes among specific patient groups.

Methods
The scoping review was guided by the methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews developed by Arksey and O’Malley. We identified relevant studies through a search of PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. We then provided a general descriptive overview of the extracted data focusing on the types of studies, patient groups, and change in HSU.

Results
We identified 262 studies reporting on HSU in 39 SSA countries. Studies were mainly quantitative (192; 73.3%), involving multiple centers (163; 62.2%), conducted in hospitals (205; 78.2%), and in urban settings (121; 46.2%). The median number of participants was 836.5 (IQR: 101.5–5897) involving 62.5% females. Most studies (92; 35.1%) focused on communicable diseases and mainly among outpatients (90; 34.2%). Maternal and child health studies formed the largest patient group (58; 22.1%) followed by people living with HIV (32; 12.2%). Change in HSU was reported in 249 (95.0%) studies with 221 (84.4%) studies reporting a decrease in HSU. The median decrease in HSU was 35.6% (IQR: 19.0–55.8) and median increase was 16.2% (IQR: 9.1–31.9). The patient group with the largest percentage decrease was cardiovascular diseases (68.0%; IQR: 16.7–71.1) and the lowest percentage decrease was in patients with infections (27.0%; IQR: 16.6–45.6).

Conclusions
A large body of literature is available on the effects of the pandemic on HSU in SSA. Most studies report decreases in HSU during the pandemic. However, patterns differ widely across disease categories, patient groups, and during different time periods of the pandemic.
Opening a Virtual Space before the Door of the Law: The Transnational Togani Effect from Silenced to Angels Wear White
Authors: Li Tian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Through an examination of what the author calls the transnational Togani effect, which challenges legislative failures across both screens and borders, the author hopes to show how social justice films are deployed as a mode of critique that directly impacts the criminal justice system. The author's analysis of the transnational Togani effect therefore encompasses and connects the dimensions of virtuality and actuality in their interactive relation in the contemporary media environment. The author situates this interactive relationship between the virtual and the actual within a transnational framework because awareness of sexual assault is raised in cross-border contexts that are intertextual and interconnected. Drawing on the Deleuzian notion of the virtual and the actual and Giorgio Agamben's concept of inclusive exclusion, the author suggests that screen intervention is a virtual layer added to heterotopic space that serves as a possible resistance against the entrapment of human subjects by neoliberal governance, in which the law is “in force without significance.” As Deleuze shows, the virtual and the actual are fully real, and the relationship between them takes the form of a circuit. By exploring how the interlocking of virtuality and actuality comes to bear on the legal sphere, this article poses fundamental questions for cinema, or for audiovisual media in general, such as to what extent cinematic critique is capable of opening an alternative space for social justice.
The Impact of D2 Versus D1 Lymphadenectomy in Siewert II Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer
Authors: Alcasid Nathan J. , Fink Deanna , Banks Kian C. , Susai Cynthia J. , Barnes Katherine , Wile Rachel , Sun Angela , Patel Ashish , Ashiku Simon , Velotta Jeffrey B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Although multiple treatment options exist for gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer, surgery remains the mainstay for potential cure. Extended nodal dissection with a D2 lymphadenectomy (LAD) remains controversial for Siewert II GEJ cancer. Although D2 LAD may lead to a greater lymph node harvest, its effect on survival remains elusive. The authors hypothesized that additional D2 dissection in Siewert II GEJ cancer does not lead to increased survival.

Methods
This study reviewed Siewert II patients who received a D1 or D2 LAD in addition to minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) after receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation or perioperative chemotherapy (2012–2022). The patients were followed for up to 5 years. The outcomes measured were survival, number of nodes sampled, and operative time. The association between D1 or D2 LAD and overall survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier methods and a multivariable Cox regression model.

Results
Among 155 patients, 74 % underwent D1 and 26 % underwent D2 LAD. The patients with D2 had more than 15 lymph nodes harvested more frequently than those who had D1 (83 % vs 48 %; p < 0.001), with no difference in positive nodes (2.8 ± 5.2 vs 2.1 ± 4.2; p = 0.4). The patients with D2 LAD had a longer median operative time than those who with D1 LAD (362 vs 244 min; p < 0.001). In Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox regression models, overall survival did not differ significantly between the patients undergoing D2 and those who had D1 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.52; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.25–1.00; p = 0.067).

Conclusions
Little consensus exists regarding the optimal lymph node harvest for GEJ cancers. In Siewert II cancer, D2 LAD may not be mandatory and may lead to increased operative morbidity with no significant difference in survival.
Abnormalities in the absolute power of Delta and Alpha rhythms in the frontal lobe of patients suffering from psychosomatic disorders
Authors: Grabowski Łukasz Bartosz , Chełstowski Marek , Hiszpańska Maja , Łaszewska Kamila , Lewandowska Monika , Milner Rafał 
Published: August 2024

Cel pracyZaburzenia psychosomatyczne to heterogenna grupa jednostek chorobowych przebiegających bez wyjaśnionej przyczyny somatycznej. Z racji złożoności symptomów stanowią one istotny problem medyczno-społeczno-ekonomiczny, a diagnostyka i leczenie chorób wciąż pozostaje dużym wyzwaniem klinicznym. Celem prowadzonych badań była próba znalezienia charakterystycznych wzorców w powierzchniowej aktywności bioelektrycznej mózgu u u osób doświadczających chorób psychosomatycznych. Uzyskane wyniki mogą pomóc w zrozumieniu patomechanizmu zaburzeń oraz w opracowaniu obiektywnych metod diagnozy i różnicowania dysfunkcji czynnościowych.MetodaBadania przeprowadzono na grupie 49 osób: 30 pacjentów z SSD oraz 19 osobach z grupy kontrolnej. U osób badanych wykonywano rejestrację spoczynkowego sygnału EEG w dwóch warunkach eksperymentalnych (oczy otwarte, oczy zamknięte). Zarejestrowane sygnały poddano analizie ilościowej EEG (QEEG), a następnie przeanalizowano statystycznie.WynikiAnaliza sygnałów EEG wykazała istnienie różnic statystycznych między badanymi grupami w zakresie mocy absolutnej w paśmie Alpha (8-12 Hz) w okolicach czołowych (elektrody F3, Fz, F4) w warunku oczu otwartych oraz w paśmie Delta (1-4 Hz) (prawej okolicy czołowej, elektroda F4 w warunku oczu zamkniętych . Nie zaobserwowano podobnych zmian ani w paśmie Beta (12-25 Hz) ani High Beta (25-30 Hz).WnioskiWykryte nieprawidłowości w powierzchniowej aktywności bioelektrycznej mózgu mogą świadczyć o występowaniu potencjalnych zaburzeń w recepcji i interpretacji doznań trzewnych przez pacjentów z chorobami psychosomatycznymi. Brak różnic w wysokich częstotliwościach może być pomocny w diagnostyce różnicowej między tymi chorobami a innymi zaburzeniami lękowymi, gdzie symptomy psychosomatyczne są obserwowane. Uzyskane wyniki mogą również być przydatne przy planowaniu protokołów z użyciem różnych metod neuroterapeutycznych.