bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soybean response to nitrogen fertilizer in different soils
Authors: Vonk Joshua , Nafziger Emerson , Preza Fontes Giovani 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough yield responses of soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] to nitrogen (N) fertilizer are rare, occasional yield increases, especially in high‐yielding soybeans, have encouraged some producers to apply N. We conducted nine field experiments between 2014 and 2017 over a range of soil types and environments to evaluate soybean yield response to N (as urea) applied at planting, R1, R3, R5, and at all four timings. Our results showed that a single N application at R1 did not increase soybean yield in any location, while applying N at R3 or R5 increased grain yield in only one of nine locations. At a location with irrigated loam soils, N at planting increased grain yield by 22.4 bu ac−1 (35%) in 2015 and 19.7 bu ac−1 (38%) in 2016 but did not affect yield in 2017. Applying N four times did not increase yield more than the application at planting at this location in 2015 and 2016, but it increased yield in 2017. Four applications of N increased yield in three of the other six locations by an average of 5.0 bu ac−1 (6%). Applying N four times or at R5 increased soil inorganic N at R6 at five of nine locations but did not consistently increase yield. Grain yield was positively correlated to Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) taken at stage R6 at seven of the nine locations. Except for the yield increases from planting‐time N at two locations, yield responses were insufficient to cover the cost of fertilizer N. While in‐season application of fertilizer N to soybeans in productive Corn Belt soils in the United States is unlikely to be consistently profitable, N at planting that stimulates early growth and N uptake, especially in lighter‐textured soils, may sometimes increase yield substantially.
A critical review of membranes made of nanofibres polymeric materials for application of treating oily wastewater
Authors: Diwan Thamer , Al‐Furaiji Mustafa H. , Abudi Zaidun N. , Awad Mohammed , Alsalhy Qusay F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOily wastewater poses a significant threat to human health and the environment, especially when it contains emulsified oil. Traditional treatment methods often fail to address this type of wastewater effectively. Therefore, developing advanced treatment methods to make such water suitable for various applications has become a pressing issue. The electrospinning technology has emerged as the most effective method due to its high separation efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the methodologies employed in nanofibres production across diverse techniques, along with concise insights. It also offers a survey of various methods for fabricating polymer membranes via the electrospinning technique, shedding light on the parameters affecting the electrospinning process. Furthermore, this review elucidates the fundamental concepts of membrane fouling, clarifying the mechanisms and factors contributing to fouling. We addressed advantages and disadvantages of methods used to create polymeric nanofibre membranes via the electrospinning technique. The needleless electrospinning technique eliminates the need for a nozzle to jet the nanofibres, preventing clogging. This method results in higher nanofibres production rates compared to the needle electrospinning technique. However, it does require a more complex setup. On the other hand, the needle electrospinning technique is often successfully employed in laboratory‐scale settings due to its more straightforward setup. However, it necessitates using a cleaning device for each needle, which can become impractical for nanofibre production. The main challenges facing electrospun nanofibrous membranes were also presented. The development of eco‐friendly nanofibers is outlined in the future perspective of this review.
The use of artificial intelligence in liquid crystal applications: A review
Authors: Chattha Sarah , Chan Philip K. , Upreti Simant R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly influenced scientific discovery and analysis, including liquid crystals. This paper reviews the use of AI in predicting the properties of liquid crystals and improving their sensing applications. Typically, liquid crystals are utilized as sensors in biomedical detection and diagnostics, and in the detection of heavy metal ions and gases. Traditional methods of analysis used in these applications are often subjective, expensive, and time‐consuming. To surmount these challenges, AI methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and support vector machines (SVM) have been recently utilized to predict liquid crystal properties and improve the resulting performance of the sensing applications. Large amounts of data are, however, required to fully realize the potential of AI methods, which would also need adequate ethical oversight. In addition to experiments, modelling approaches utilizing first principles as well as AI may be employed to supplement and furnish the data. In summary, the review indicates that AI methods hold great promise in the further development of the liquid crystal technology.
Highly and Deep Red‐Luminescent Bisphenylamine‐Appended Benzocarcogendiazole Fluorophores
Authors: Shimada Keisuke , Matsuo Takumi , Hayashi Shotaro 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBenzocarcogendiazole units have been frequently utilized for optoelectronics such as organic solar cells because of their robustness, rigidity, and band‐gap tunability based on their strong electron‐withdrawing properties. Focusing on the luminescent characteristics, these molecules have been utilized to demonstrate highly sensitive chromisms because of the potential of charge transfer. Here, we demonstrate deep red‐emissions in bis(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)amine‐appended benzocarcogendiazole‐based donor‐acceptor‐donor (D−A‐D) fluorophores, namely 1 and 2. Because benzocarcogendiazole and bis(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)amine serve as strong electron acceptor and donor, respectively, strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) enables long wavelength of photoluminescence (PL) even in the small molecular weight. Although photoluminescence (PL) in long wavelength tends to exhibit quite low absolute PL quantum efficiency (ΦPL), the values of solutions 1 and 2 are quite high (up to 50 %). According to X‐ray crystallographic characterizations and DFT calculations, these high ΦPL values are attributable to the segregated π‐planes of benzocarcogendiazole units, which is induced by the bulky substituents of bis(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)amines.
On the supramolecular interactions into a pH‐ and Metal‐Actuated Molecular Shuttle: some insights from QTAIM modeling
Authors: Zazza Costantino , Sanna Nico , Borocci Stefano , Grandinetti Felice 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSupramolecular contacts responsible for chemical interaction of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) macrocycle on a Tolyl‐Viologen‐Phenylene‐Imidazole (T‐VPI) molecular thread, at acid pH (T‐VPI‐H+) or after Ag+ cation addition (T‐VPI‐Ag+), are analytically addressed in a computational framework combining Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) with Density Functional Theory (DFT). In this respect, the crystallographic structure (CCDC number 2217466) is taken as reference condition for addressing the nature of the chemical interactions driving the shuttling of the CB[7] between T and P stations recently observed in dilute water solutions. Beside the host(CB[7]) vs guest(T‐VPI‐H+ or T‐VPI‐Ag+) complexation, the coordination sphere of the Ag+ cation is also investigated by means of local electronic energy density ‐ H(r) ‐ descriptors. The derived non‐covalent interaction patterns are found to support diagnostic 1H NMR signals used for detecting the mutual position of the CB[7] along the axle. This work highlights the potentialities of a QTAIM based approach in the characterization of supramolecular and metal‐complexation effects in molecular aggregates such as not‐interlocked synthetic molecular shuttles.
Catalyzing the Enantioselective Tail‐to‐Head Terpene Cyclization Inside Optically Active Hexameric Resorcin[4]arene Capsules: A Surprising Odd‐Even Effect of the Catalyst
Authors: Persiani Giacomo , Sokolova Daria , Ivanov Roman , Merget Severin , Maintok Tobias , Häussinger Daniel , Tiefenbacher Konrad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTerpenes, created in Nature via tail‐to‐head terpene (THT) cyclizations, have long fascinated chemists due to their complex structures and biological activities. Recreating such THT cyclizations in the laboratory using man‐made catalysts has been challenging. Especially difficult is performing the reaction in an enantioselective fashion, as the substrate is flexible and does not contain much functionality to form strong interactions with the chiral catalyst. This study explores the enantioselective THT cyclization inside hexameric capsules self‐assembled from optically active resorcin[4]arene derivatives. An unexpected odd‐even effect, where the enantioselectivity of the reaction depended on the length of the alkyl chain attached to the resorcin[4]arene capsule was uncovered. To our knowledge, this is the first example of an odd‐even effect in the catalyst itself, and also the first instance in which this effect is related to the enantioselectivity of the reaction.
Differential role of NMDA receptors in hippocampal‐dependent spatial memory and plasticity in juvenile male and female rats
Authors: Narattil Nisha Rajan , Maroun Mouna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEarly life, or juvenility, stands out as the most pivotal phase in neurodevelopment due to its profound impact over the long‐term cognition. During this period, significant changes are made in the brain's connections both within and between different areas, particularly in tandem with the development of more intricate behaviors. The hippocampus is among the brain regions that undergo significant postnatal remodeling, including dendritic arborization, synaptogenesis, the formation of complex spines and neuron proliferation. Given the crucial role of the hippocampus in spatial memory processing, it has been observed that spatial memory abilities continue to develop as the hippocampus matures, particularly before puberty. The N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) type of glutamate receptor channel is crucial for the induction of activity‐dependent synaptic plasticity and spatial memory formation in both rodents and humans. Although extensive evidence shows the role of NMDA receptors (NMDAr) in spatial memory and synaptic plasticity, the studies addressing the role of NMDAr in spatial memory of juveniles are sparse and mostly limited to adult males. In the present study, we, therefore, aimed to investigate the effects of systemic NMDAr blockade by the MK‐801 on spatial memory (novel object location memory, OLM) and hippocampal plasticity in the form of long‐term potentiation (LTP) of both male and female juvenile rats. Our results show the sex‐dimorphic role of NMDAr in spatial memory and plasticity during juvenility, as systemic NMDAr blockade impairs the OLM and LTP in juvenile males without an effect on juvenile females. Taken together, our results demonstrate that spatial memory and hippocampal plasticity are NMDAr‐dependent in juvenile males and NMDAr‐independent in juvenile females. These sex‐specific differences in the mechanisms of spatial memory and plasticity may imply gender‐specific treatment for spatial memory disorders even in children.
When do generics lead to social essentialism: Developmental evidence from Iran
Authors: Shahbazi Ghazaleh , Samani Hossein , Mandalaywala Tara M. , Borhani Khatereh , Davoodi Telli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGeneric descriptions (e.g., ‘girls are emotional’) are argued to play a major role in the development of essentialist reasoning about social categories. Although generics are prevalent across languages, studies exploring if and how generic language leads to essentialism have almost exclusively been conducted in English‐speaking communities and among Western samples. This is a significant limitation as scholars posit that generic language is a universal cue that signals which categories are culturally relevant. However, without research asking whether generics have similar consequences across diverse cultural and linguistic contexts, it is impossible to make a claim of universality. Here, we will fill this gap, by replicating and extending a previous U.S.‐based study assessing the effects of generic language in a sample of Persian‐speaking 6 to 9‐year‐old children (N = 160) and adults (N = 160) in Iran. Participants will hear generic (‘Foolies’) or specific (‘This Foolie’) statements (between subjects) that ascribe biological or cultural features to the novel social category of Foolies. We will measure the degree to which exposure to these statements leads to kindhood reasoning (i.e., offering formal explanations for category features) and essentialist reasoning in terms of inheritability. Identifying similar patterns in the Iranian sample as in prior US‐based work will support the hypothesis that generic language signals category importance and licences kindhood but does not contribute directly to reasoning about social categories as biologically inheritable. This work contributes to diversifying the field and critically informs theories of social essentialism.
Sustained release of MAPK14‐targeting siRNA from polyelectrolyte complex hydrogels mitigates MSC osteogenesis in vitro with potential application in growth plate injury
Authors: Adhikari Bikram , Stager Michael A. , Collins Elise G. , Fischenich Kristine M. , Olusoji Jesutomisin , Ruble Ana Ferreira , Payne Karin A. , Krebs Melissa D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe growth plate is a cartilage structure at the end of long bones which mediates growth in children. When fractured, the formation of bony repair tissue known as a “bony bar” can occur and cause limb deformities. There are currently no effective clinical solutions for the prevention of the bony bar formation or regeneration of healthy growth plate cartilage after a fracture. This study employs previously developed alginate/chitosan polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) hydrogels as a sustained release vehicle for the delivery of short‐interfering RNA (siRNA). Specifically, the siRNA targets the p38‐MAPK pathway in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to prevent their osteogenic differentiation. In vitro experimental findings show sustained release of siRNA from the hydrogels for 6 months. Flow cytometry and confocal imaging indicate that the hydrogels release siRNA to effectively knockdown GFP expression over a sustained period. MAPK‐14 targeting siRNA was used to knockdown the expression of MAPK‐14 and correspondingly decrease the expression of other osteogenic genes in MSCs in vitro over the span of 21 days. These hydrogels were used in a rat model of growth plate injury to determine whether siMAPK‐14 released from the gels could inhibit bony bar formation. No significant reduction of bony bar formation was seen in vivo at the one concentration of siRNA examined. This PEC hydrogel represents a significant advancement for siRNA sustained delivery, and presents an interesting potential therapeutic delivery system for growth plate injuries and other regenerative medicine applications.
Do Presence and Authenticity in VR Experience Enhance Visitor Satisfaction and Museum Re‐Visitation Intentions?
Authors: Choi Kwangsik , Nam Yoonjae 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis study explores the impact of VR experiences in museums on visitor satisfaction and revisiting intentions, focusing on presence and authenticity perceptions. While VR as an educational tool does not directly affect VR satisfaction, its entertainment and esthetic value can foster re‐engagement with the technology. Moreover, the results indicate that satisfaction with the VR experience does not directly translate into museum revisit intentions. Visitors currently perceive VR as an additional feature rather than part of the exhibition program. The research underlines the need for early‐stage VR content development that integrates a stronger connection to original exhibits and promotes VR as a tool to boost interest and visits. Additionally, this study suggests that VR should aim to implement existential authenticity created through a sense of presence, rather than portraying objective authenticity.
Oncogenic SLC2A11–MIF fusion protein interacts with polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 to facilitate bladder cancer proliferation and metastasis by regulating mRNA stability
Authors: Cheng Liang , Yang Chenwei , Lu Junlin , Huang Ming , Xie Ruihui , Lynch Sarah , Elfman Justin , Huang Yuhang , Liu Sen , Chen Siting , He Baoqing , Lin Tianxin , Li Hui , Chen Xu , Huang Jian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChimeric RNAs, distinct from DNA gene fusions, have emerged as promising therapeutic targets with diverse functions in cancer treatment. However, the functional significance and therapeutic potential of most chimeric RNAs remain unclear. Here we identify a novel fusion transcript of solute carrier family 2‐member 11 (SLC2A11) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). In this study, we investigated the upregulation of SLC2A11–MIF in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and a cohort of patients from Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital. Subsequently, functional investigations demonstrated that SLC2A11–MIF enhanced the proliferation, antiapoptotic effects, and metastasis of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the fusion protein encoded by SLC2A11–MIF interacted with polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) and regulated the mRNA half‐lives of Polo Like Kinase 1, Roundabout guidance receptor 1, and phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase regulatory subunit 3 in BCa cells. Moreover, PTBP1 knockdown abolished the enhanced impact of SLC2A11–MIF on biological function and mRNA stability. Furthermore, the expression of SLC2A11–MIF mRNA is regulated by CCCTC‐binding factor and stabilized through RNA N4‐acetylcytidine modification facilitated by N‐acetyltransferase 10. Overall, our findings revealed a significant fusion protein orchestrated by the SLC2A11–MIF–PTBP1 axis that governs mRNA stability during the multistep progression of bladder cancer.
Preparation and characterization of gelatin‐pectin‐based active films incorporated with Styrax benzoin oleo gum resin
Authors: Bhatia Saurabh , Jawad Muhammad , Chinnam Sampath , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Shah Yasir Abbas , Koca Esra , Aydemir Levent Yurdaer , Alam Tanveer , Mohan Syam , Zoghebi Khalid , Khalid Asaad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, benzoin oleogum resin (BOGR) loaded antioxidant gelatin/pectin (GEPE) based films were developed and characterized for various parameters including mechanical, barrier, optical, film hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, surface roughness, chemical, thermal, morphological and antioxidant properties. The incorporation of BOGR decreased water solubility, moisture content, tensile strength, and elongation at break. However, water permeability, opacity, thickness, and water hydrophobicity were increased. Moreover, SEM and AFM analysis confirmed that the films loaded with BOGR showed heterogeneous and rougher surfaces in comparison to blank film. The intermolecular interactions between GEPE and BOGR was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Thermal stability of the prepared BOGR loaded films was improved. Additionally, antioxidant activities of the film were significantly increased with increase in concentration of BOGR as indicated by ABTS and DPPH assays. Our findings indicate that BOGR loaded composite films could be used as an active material for food packaging applications.
Effect of application time of DC electric field on properties of h‐BN/EP composites
Authors: Chen Xuesong , Feng Yu , Liang Liang , Zhang Zhonghua , Chen Qingguo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBy applying an electric field, the thermal conductivity(λ) of composites can be enhanced through the induced orientation of high λ fillers within the matrix. As far as the DC electric field is concerned, the pattern of the electric field application time on the λ of the composites is not clear. In this work, a 400 V/mm DC electric field was selected to prompt the alignment of boron nitride (h‐BN) within the epoxy resin (EP) matrix, with an in‐depth analysis of how the timing of the electric field application influences the λ of the composites. Results demonstrate that the λ of h‐BN/EP composites exhibits a pattern of increasing, decreasing, then increasing and finally stabilizing when the electric field application time is 0–480 min. When the electric field was applied for 20 min, the composites exhibited a maximum λ of 0.544 W/(m K), a value that is 3.88 times of pure EP, and 2.32 times of that of the composites without electric field under the same filling content. In addition, the composite exhibits an AC breakdown field strength (Eb) that is slightly elevated compared to the pure EP.Highlights
Boron nitride (h‐BN) was successfully oriented in epoxy resin (EP) matrix by electric field induction.
λ of the composite is proportional to orientation Angle of h‐BN in the matrix.
λ of composite can be increased by electric field induced fillers orientation.
Electric field induction does not damage the insulation properties of composite.
The excellent in‐plane λ and insulation properties of h‐BN are fully utilized.
Evaluation of Medication Adherence Among Prevalent Users in Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes Using Health Insurance Claims: A Population‐Based Cohort Study in Japan
Authors: Matsumoto Minako , Harada Sei , Ikuta Harufumi , Iida Miho , Kato Suzuka , Sata Mizuki , Shibuki Takuma , Ishibashi Yoshiki , Miyagawa Naoko , Hisamatsu Moeko , Hirata Aya , Kuwabara Kazuyo , Takeuchi Ayano , Sugiyama Daisuke , Suzuki Sayo , Nakamura Tomonori , Okamura Tomonori , Takebayashi Toru 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeHypertension (HT), dyslipidemia (DL), and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Despite the wide availability of medications to reduce this risk, poor adherence to medications remains an issue. The aim of this study is to evaluate medication adherence of prevalent users in these disease medications (HT, DL, DM) using claims data. Factors associated with non‐adherence were also examined.MethodsOf 7538 participants of the Tsuruoka Metabolomics Cohort Study, 3693 (HT: 2702, DL: 2112, DM: 661) were identified as prevalent users of these disease medications. Information on lifestyle was collected through a questionnaire. Adherence was assessed by a proportion of days covered (PDC) and participants with PDC ≥0.8 were defined as adherent. Predictors of non‐adherence were determined by performing multivariable logistic regression.ResultsMedication adherence differed by treatment status. Among those without comorbidities, those with HT‐only showed the highest adherence (90.2%), followed by those with DM‐only (81.2%) and those with DL‐only (80.8%). Factors associated with non‐adherence in each medication group were skipping breakfast and poor understanding of medications among those with HT medications, females, having comorbidities, having a history of heart disease, and drinking habit among those with DL medications, and good sleep quality and skipping breakfast among those with DM medications.ConclusionWhile participants showed high medication adherence, differences were observed across medication groups. The identified predictors of non‐adherence could help target those in need of adherence support.