bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potassium transporter OsHAK21 functions in the maintenance of ion homeostasis and tolerance to salt stress in rice
Authors: Shen Yue , Shen Like , Shen Zhenxing , Jing Wen , Ge Hongliang , Zhao Jiangzhe , Zhang Wenhua 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe intracellular potassium (K+) homeostasis, which is crucial for plant survival in saline environments, is modulated by K+ channels and transporters. Some members of the high‐affinity K+ transporter (HAK) family are believed to function in the regulation of plant salt tolerance, but the physiological mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report a significant inducement of OsHAK21 expression by high‐salinity treatment and provide genetic evidence of the involvement of OsHAK21 in rice salt tolerance. Disruption of OsHAK21 rendered plants sensitive to salt stress. Compared with the wild type, oshak21 accumulated less K+ and considerably more Na+ in both shoots and roots, and had a significantly lower K+ net uptake rate but higher Na+ uptake rate. Our analyses of subcellular localizations and expression patterns showed that OsHAK21 was localized in the plasma membrane and expressed in xylem parenchyma and individual endodermal cells (putative passage cells). Further functional characterizations of OsHAK21 in K+ uptake‐deficient yeast and Arabidopsis revealed that OsHAK21 possesses K+ transporter activity. These results demonstrate that OsHAK21 may mediate K+ absorption by the plasma membrane and play crucial roles in the maintenance of the Na+/K+ homeostasis in rice under salt stress.
Interleukin‐8‐producing primary cardiac undifferentiated sarcoma in a child with sustained fever
Authors: Yanagisawa Ryu , Nakamura Tomohiko , Ogiso Yoshifumi , Hachiya Akira , Fujihara Ikuko , Morita Daisuke , Sakashita Kazuo , Kitamura Masatomo , Matsui Hikoro , Nishijima Fumie , Hayashi Hidetaka , Hidaka Eiko , Sano Kenji , Shiohara Masaaki , Yasukochi Satoshi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe report the case of a 12‐year‐old boy with primary undifferentiated sarcoma of the left atrium. He had sustained fever during the clinical course and multiple lung and brain metastases. Chemotherapy and irradiation were ineffective; he died 41 days after hospitalization. On retrospective analysis, interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) was elevated; this was supported by immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis of tumor samples. IL‐8 continued to increase with tumor progression accompanied by elevated neutrophil count and C‐reactive protein. IL‐8 is involved in malignant tumor proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis and may have been related to the clinical condition and prognosis in the present case.
Idiopathic disseminated bacillus Calmette–Guerin infection in three infants
Authors: Kido Jun , Mizukami Tomoyuki , Ohara Osamu , Takada Hidetoshi , Yanai Masaaki 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe describe the cases of three infants between 4 and 9 months of age with disseminated bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) infection who developed persistent fever, skin rash, and multiple chest nodules visible on computed tomography 22–34 days after BCG vaccination. These infants were healthy before inoculation, and their detailed immunological profiles, including T cell and neutrophil levels, were within normal range. Most reported BCG cases involve impaired immunity, such as children with chronic granulomatous disease, severe combined immunodeficiency, or human immunodeficiency virus infections. Because of their immature immune systems, BCG vaccination can be hazardous even in early infants without immune abnormalities. Hence, we advise caution when administering BCG vaccines to early infants.
Policy Learning and the Diffusion of Stand‐Your‐Ground Laws
Authors: Butz Adam M. , Fix Michael P. , Mitchell Joshua L. 
Published: June 2015

Stand‐Your‐Ground (SYG) laws have recently received increased attention due to the controversial verdict in the 2013 George Zimmerman trial. At the time of the trial, 22 states had adopted SYG laws, with Florida adopting the first SYG law only a few years earlier. This article explores how policy learning contributed to the diffusion of these laws among U.S. states. It is found that learning exhibits atypical and complex patterns of diffusion not observed in previous studies. We posit that this dynamic is likely attributed to the fact that SYG is a controversial version of a morality policy, and these types of policies may exhibit multiple properties of policy learning theory. In addition, we find that multiple internal determinants including racial context, gun purchase rates, and poverty influence the likelihood of SYG adoption.Related Articles

Tucker, Justin A.,
James W. Stoutenborough, and
Mathew R. Beverlin. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40: 1081–1105. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00399.x/abstract

Shanahan, Elizabeth A.,
Mark K. McBeth, and
Paul L. Hathaway. 2011. “.” Politics & Policy 39: 373–400. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011.00295.x/abstract

Propheter, Geoffrey. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40: 657–679. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00369.x/abstract
Related Media
. 2013. “.” http://video.pbs.org/video/2365046883/

. 2012. “.” http://www.c-span.org/video/?c3548463/guns-stand-ground-law
Are Meteorological Conditions within the First Trimester of Pregnancy Associated with the Risk of Severe Pre‐Eclampsia?
Authors: Tran Thi‐Chien , Boumendil Ariane , Bussieres Laurence , Lebreton Elodie , Ropers Jacques , Rozenberg Patrick , Aegerter Philippe 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundSevere pre‐eclampsia (SPE) is the second cause of maternal death in developed countries. The literature suggests different risk factors for early‐ and late‐onset pre‐eclampsia. SPE is usually related to the early‐onset type. Pre‐eclampsia rate exhibits seasonal variation. However, the weather–SPE association is still unknown. We examined the associations between maternal exposure to meteorological parameters after conception and SPE.MethodsFrom 2008 to 2011, all deliveries of women living in the Yvelines area, France, have been prospectively registered. Meteorological measurements from weather stations scattered inside Yvelines were averaged on two exposure windows: early‐pregnancy (30 days after conception) and first‐trimester (90 days after conception). The relationship between SPE and season of conception was also examined. Hierarchical complementary log–log regression models were used to estimate the weather–SPE association.ResultsSPE was diagnosed in 526 (0.8%) out of 63 633 singleton pregnancies. Increasing temperature or sunshine across both windows was associated with increased SPE risk. Early‐pregnancy minimum temperature showed the strongest effect with adjusted odds ratio (OR) per 1 degree Celsius: 1.03 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01, 1.04]. The risk of SPE was higher when conception was in summer as compared to winter (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.27, 1.85). Effect estimates showed only small variations in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsOur findings of a weather impact during early pregnancy on SPE may provide a new clue for understanding the causes of pre‐eclampsia. Further investigation into the biologic mechanisms for this finding is required.
The Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Following Bereavement: A Cohort Study fromDenmark andSweden
Authors: László Krisztina D. , Olsen Jørn , Li Jiong , Persson Martina , Vestergaard Mogens , Svensson Tobias , Obel Carsten , Cnattingius Sven 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated whether bereavement of a close family member – a source of severe psychological stress exposure – the year before pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsWe studied pregnant women with livebirths inDenmark during 1994–2008 and with births inSweden during 1987–2006 (n = 2 569 446). We obtained data on death of women's parents, siblings, and older children, and on demographic and health‐ and pregnancy‐related factors through linkage between nationwide registers.ResultsIn multivariable models, death of a close relative the year before pregnancy was associated with a 14% increased odds ofGDM[95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.03, 1.26]. The odds ratios corresponding to the loss of a child, parent, and sibling were 1.51 (95%CI: 1.17, 1.95), 1.12 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.25), and 0.68 (95%CI: 0.40, 1.25), respectively. Deaths due to cardiovascular diseases or diabetes were more closely related to the risk ofGDMthan other types of deaths. We found no association between unnatural deaths and the risk ofGDM.ConclusionsDeath of a close relative the year before pregnancy was associated with a modestly increasedGDMrisk. Our findings according to the relative's cause of death suggest that differences in screening forGDMamong exposure groups and residual confounding by familial factors related to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases may have contributed to this association. If there is a causal stress effect onGDMin this predominantly Nordic population, it is most likely small.
Low MBL‐associated serine protease 2 (MASP‐2) levels correlate with urogenital schistosomiasis in Nigerian children
Authors: Ojurongbe Olusola , Antony Justin S. , Van Tong Hoang , Meyer Christian G. , Akindele Akeem A. , Sina‐Agbaje Olawumi R. , Kremsner Peter G. , Velavan Thirumalaisamy P. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe human mannose‐binding lectin (MBL) and ficolins (FCN) are involved in pathogen recognition in the first line of defence. They support activation of the complement lectin cascade in the presence of MBL‐associated serine protease 2 (MASP‐2), a protein that cleaves the C4 and C2 complement components. Recent studies found that distinct MBL2 and FCN2 promoter variants and their corresponding serum levels are associated with relative protection from urogenital schistosomiasis.MethodsWe investigated the contribution of MASP‐2 levels and MASP2 polymorphisms in a Nigerian study group, of 163 individuals infected with Schistosoma haematobium and 183 healthy subjects.ResultsMASP‐2 serum levels varied between younger children (≤12 years) and older children (>12 years) and adults (P = 0.0001). Younger children with a patent infection had significantly lower MASP‐2 serum levels than uninfected children (P = 0.0074). Older children and adults (>12 years) with a current infection had higher serum MASP‐2 levels than controls (P = 0.032). MBL serum levels correlated positively with MASP‐2 serum levels (P = 0.01). MASP2 secretor haplotypes were associated with MASP‐2 serum levels in healthy subjects. The heterozygous MASP2 p.P126L variant was associated with reduced serum MASP‐2 levels (P = 0.01).ConclusionsThe findings indicate that higher MASP‐2 serum levels are associated with relative protection from urogenital schistosomiasis in Nigerian children.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings of paracoccidioidomycosis in the musculoskeletal system
Authors: Savarese Leonor G. , Monsignore Lucas M. , de Andrade Hernandes Mateus , Martinez Roberto , Nogueira‐Barbosa Marcello H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in musculoskeletal paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM).MethodsRetrospective case series study after IRB approval. Two musculoskeletal radiologists reviewed in consensus the MRI findings of 11 patients with microbiologically and/or pathologically proven osteoarticular PCM. The MRI evaluation included discrimination of abnormalities in joints, bones and soft tissues.ResultsMean age of patients was 29 years (10–55 years), eight men and three women. Musculoskeletal involvement was the only or the primary presentation of the disease in seven patients (63%). Osteomyelitis was the most common presentation, with seven cases (63%). Primary arthritis was found in one patient (9%). Isolated extra‐articular soft tissue PCM was found in three patients: myositis (2) and subcutaneous infection (1). All cases showed regions with signal intensity higher than or similar to the signal of muscle on T1‐weighted images. Penumbra sign was present in five cases (45%). T2‐weighted images showed reactive soft tissue oedema in eight cases (72%). Post‐gadolinium images showed peripheral (8/9) or heterogeneous (1/9) enhancement. Synovial enhancement was present in all cases of joint involvement (6/6). Lipomatosis arborescens was documented in one case of chronic knee involvement.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first case series describing MRI findings of musculoskeletal PCM. Musculoskeletal involvement was the primary presentation of the disease in most cases, and therefore, neoplasms were initially in the differential diagnosis. Osteomyelitis was the most common presentation, often with secondary involvement of joint and or soft tissue.
Genomics for Nursing Education and Practice: Measuring Competency
Authors: Anderson Gwen , Alt‐White Anna C. , Schaa Kendra L. , Boyd Andrea M. , Kasper Christine E. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundNurses lack genome literacy, skill, and self‐confidence in applying genomics to health care. Standardized curricula and evaluation tools are needed for wide spread uptake and application of genome science in nursing education, practice, and research.AimTo determine whether psychometrically robust survey instruments exist to assess knowledge, skills, attitudes, and self‐confidence in applying genomic nursing competency among students and registered nurses.DesignPsychometric systematic review.Data SourcesMedline, CINAHL, Academic Search Elite, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations were searched from 1995 to 2014, with an English language restriction.ProceduresCritical analysis of the study elements and psychometric attributes was conducted after data were abstracted into analysis and synthesis tables. The synthesis assessed the design, methods, and measurement properties with a focus on reliability and validity using 16 criteria on a 4‐point grading scale.FindingsTwelve studies were included in a detailed review that focused on assessment of genomic nursing core competencies. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. In terms of psychometric quality of the instruments, one study scored high, two moderate, two low, and one very low.Linking Evidence to ActionMost instruments assess self‐perceived rather than objectively assessed competency. The highest quality instrument lacks clinical application. Knowledge‐focused test questions based on up‐to‐date genome science that are relevant to practice need to be developed.
The neuromechanical adaptations to Achilles tendinosis
Authors: Chang Yu‐Jen , Kulig Kornelia 
Published: June 2015

Key points
Achilles tendinosis is a localized degenerative musculoskeletal disorder that develops over a long period of time and leads to a compliant human Achilles tendon.
We demonstrate that the compliant Achilles tendon elicited a series of adaptations from different levels of the human movement control system, such as the muscle–tendon interaction, CNS control and other muscles in the lower leg.
These results illustrate the human body's capacity to adapt to tendon pathology and provide the physiological basis for intervention or prevention strategies.
AbstractHuman movement is initiated, controlled and executed in a hierarchical system including the nervous system, muscle and tendon. If a component in the loop loses its integrity, the entire system has to adapt to that deficiency. Achilles tendon, when degenerated, exhibits lower stiffness. This local mechanical deficit may be compensated for by an alteration of motor commands from the CNS. These modulations in motor commands from the CNS may lead to altered activation of the agonist, synergist and antagonist muscles. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of tendon degeneration on its mechanical properties, the neuromechanical behaviour of the surrounding musculature and the existence of the CNS modulation accompanying tendinosis. We hypothesize that the degenerated tendon will lead to diminished tissue mechanical properties and protective muscle activation patterns, as well as an up‐regulated descending drive from the CNS. Strong evidence, as reported in the present study, indicates that tendinotic tendons are more compliant compared to healthy tendons. This unilateral involvement affected the neuromuscular control on the involved side but not the non‐involved side. The muscle–tendon unit on the tendinotic side exhibits a lowered temporal efficiency, which leads to altered CNS control. The altered CNS control is then expressed as an adapted muscle activation pattern in the lower leg. Taken together, the findings of the present study illustrate the co‐ordinated multi‐level adaptations to a mechanical lesion in a tendon caused by pathology.
Human psychophysics and rodent spinal neurones exhibit peripheral and central mechanisms of inflammatory pain in the UVB and UVB heat rekindling models
Authors: O'Neill Jessica , Sikandar Shafaq , McMahon Stephen B. , Dickenson Anthony H. 
Published: June 2015

Key points
Translational research is key to bridging the gaps between preclinical findings and the patients, and a translational model of inflammatory pain will ideally induce both peripheral and central sensitisation, more effectively mimicking clinical pathophysiology in some chronic inflammatory conditions.
We conducted a parallel investigation of two models of inflammatory pain, using ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation alone and UVB irradiation with heat rekindling. We used rodent electrophysiology and human quantitative sensory testing to characterise nociceptive processing in the peripheral and central nervous systems in both models.
In both species, UVB irradiation produces peripheral sensitisation measured as augmented evoked activity of rat dorsal horn neurones and increased perceptual responses of human subjects to mechanical and thermal stimuli.
In both species, UVB with heat rekindling produces central sensitisation.
UVB irradiation alone and UVB with heat rekindling are translational models of inflammation that produce peripheral and central sensitisation, respectively.
AbstractThe predictive value of laboratory models for human pain processing is crucial for improving translational research. The discrepancy between peripheral and central mechanisms of pain is an important consideration for drug targets, and here we describe two models of inflammatory pain that involve ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation, which can employ peripheral and central sensitisation to produce mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rats and humans. We use electrophysiology in rats to measure the mechanically‐ and thermally‐evoked activity of rat spinal neurones and quantitative sensory testing to assess human psychophysical responses to mechanical and thermal stimulation in a model of UVB irradiation and in a model of UVB irradiation with heat rekindling. Our results demonstrate peripheral sensitisation in both species driven by UVB irradiation, with a clear mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity of rat dorsal horn neurones and enhanced perceptual responses of human subjects to both mechanical and thermal stimulation. Additional heat rekindling produces markers of central sensitisation in both species, including enhanced receptive field sizes. Importantly, we also showed a correlation in the evoked activity of rat spinal neurones to human thermal pain thresholds. The parallel results in rats and humans validate the translational use of both models and the potential for such models for preclinical assessment of prospective analgesics in inflammatory pain states.
Draft Genome Sequence of Human-Pathogenic Lactococcus garvieae LG-ilsanpaik-gs201105 That Caused Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis
Authors: Kim Ji Hyung , Kang Do-Hyung , Park Se Chang 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Lactococcus garvieae
, which is generally known as a marine and freshwater fish pathogen, is now considered to be an emerging zoonotic pathogen in both human and veterinary medicine. In recent years, we have reported the infection of
L. garvieae
LG-ilsanpaik-gs201105 in the gallbladder of an old fisherman. In this study, we present the draft genome sequence of
L. garvieae
LG-ilsanpaik-gs201105, with a total genome size of 1,960,261 bp in 53 contigs and a 38.1% average G+C content. Interestingly, the capsule gene cluster, which was known as one of the crucial virulence factors in
L. garvieae
, was not detected in our isolate. This is the first genome sequence of human-pathogenic
L. garvieae
, which caused acute acalculous cholecystitis.
Draft Genome Sequence of Erwinia tracheiphila, an Economically Important Bacterial Pathogen of Cucurbits
Authors: Shapiro Lori R. , Scully Erin D. , Roberts Dana , Straub Timothy J. , Geib Scott M. , Park Jihye , Stephenson Andrew G. , Salaau Rojas Erika , Liu Quin , Beattie Gwyn , Gleason Mark , De Moraes Consuelo M. , Mescher Mark C. , Fleischer Shelby G. , Kolter Roberto , Pierce Naomi , Zhaxybayeva Olga 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Erwinia tracheiphila
is one of the most economically important pathogens of cucumbers, melons, squashes, pumpkins, and gourds in the northeastern and midwestern United States, yet its molecular pathology remains uninvestigated. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of an
E. tracheiphila
strain isolated from an infected wild gourd (
Cucurbita pepo
subsp.
texana
) plant. The genome assembly consists of 7 contigs and includes a putative plasmid and at least 20 phage and prophage elements.
Draft Genomes of Gammaproteobacterial Methanotrophs Isolated from Terrestrial Ecosystems
Authors: Hamilton Richard , Kits K. Dimitri , Ramonovskaya Victoria A. , Rozova Olga N. , Yurimoto Hiroya , Iguchi Hiroyuki , Khmelenina Valentina N. , Sakai Yasuyoshi , Dunfield Peter F. , Klotz Martin G. , Knief Claudia , Op den Camp Huub J. M. , Jetten Mike S. M. , Bringel Françoise , Vuilleumier Stéphane , Svenning Mette M. , Shapiro Nicole , Woyke Tanja , Trotsenko Yuri A. , Stein Lisa Y. , Kalyuzhnaya Marina G. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Genome sequences of
Methylobacter luteus
,
Methylobacter whittenburyi
,
Methylosarcina fibrata
,
Methylomicrobium agile
, and
Methylovulum miyakonense
were generated. The strains represent aerobic methanotrophs typically isolated from various terrestrial ecosystems.
Draft Genome Sequences of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain PS3 and Citrobacter freundii Strain SA79 Obtained from a Wound Dressing-Associated Biofilm
Authors: Akbar Sirwan , Rout Simon P. , Humphreys Paul N. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Two isolates, one from the genus
Pseudomonas
and the second from
Citrobacter
, were isolated from a wound dressing-associated biofilm. Following whole-genome sequencing, the two isolates presented genes encoding for resistance to antibiotics and those involved in exopolysaccharide production.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain MT43, a Representative of the Manu2 Genotype
Authors: Aboubaker Osman Djaltou , Phelippeau Michael , Musso Didier , Robert Catherine , Michelle Caroline , Croce Olivier , Drancourt Michel 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

We announce the draft genome sequence of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
strain MT43, isolated from a pulmonary form of tuberculosis in French Polynesia. Analyzing its 4,145,007-bp, 65.17% G+C chromosome confirmed a fully antibiotic-susceptible Manu2 spoligotype.
Draft Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus gallinarum DSM 20610
T
, Originally Isolated from the Skin of a Chicken
Authors: Shi Ding , Fang Daiqiong , Hu Xinjun , Li Ang , Lv Longxian , Guo Jing , Chen Yanfei , Wu Wenrui , Guo Feifei , Li Lanjuan 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus gallinarum
DSM 20610
T
is a rare pathogen in humans. The increasing relevance of human health prompted us to determine the genomic sequence of
S. gallinarum
. The complete genome sequence of
S. gallinarum
includes a genome of 3,171,720 bp (33.02% G+C content) without any plasmids.