bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation into the Spall Strength of Cast Iron
Authors: Plume Gifford , Rousseau Carl-Ernst 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The spall strength of cast iron has been investigated by means of planar plate impact experiments conducted in a vacuum. A single stage gas gun was utilized to drive projectiles to velocities between 100 and 300 m/sec, resulting in low to moderate shock loading of the cast iron specimens. Measurement of the stress histories were made with the use of commercial manganin stress gauges that were imbedded between the back face of the cast iron specimen and a low impedance backing of polycarbonate. Spall strength values were calculated utilizing the measured peak stress and minimum stress pullback signals captured in the stress history. Spall Strength values were found to vary between 0.98 and 1.45 GPa for the cast iron tested. Post-Mortem analysis of recovered specimen has provided insight into the evolution of spall failure in cast iron and shed light on the varying nature of the spall strength values calculated. It was determined that the lower bound of strength values was associated with small scale micro-failure, while the upper bound values corresponded to complete spall fracture.
A Motion Model of Reinforced Concrete Fragments Driven by Internal Explosion
Authors: Bi Wu , Sheng Fu Yue , Li Chen , Kai Zhang 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The movement of reinforced concrete fragments driven by internal explosions was investigated, and a model was built in consideration of the interaction and deformation harmony between steel bars and concrete for the description of fragments movement. The calculated and experimental results indicate that the model is reasonable.
Application of Recent Powerful Analytical Approaches on the Non-Linear Vibration of Cantilever Beams
Authors: Sedighi Hamid M. , Shirazi Kourosh H. , Noghrehabadi A. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
This paper presents the advantages of some effective analytical approaches applied on the governing equation of transversely vibrating cantilever beams. Six studied methods are Min-Max Approach, Parameter Expansion Method, Hamiltonian Approach, Variational Iteration Method, Bubnov-Galerkin and Energy Balance Method. The powerful analytical approaches are used to obtain frequency-amplitude relationship for dynamic behavior of nonlinear vibration of cantilever beams. It is demonstrated that one term in series expansions of all methods are sufficient to obtain a highly accurate solution. Finally, a numerical example is conducted to verify the accuracy of these methods.
FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PDRB KABUPATEN / KOTA JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2008-2012
Authors: Rahman Yozi Aulia , Chamelia Ayunda Lintang 
Published: September 2015

<p>Pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi merupakan kondisi utama bagi kelangsungan pembangunan ekonomi daerah. Untuk mengukur kemajuan perekonomian daerah dengan mengamati seberapa besar laju pertumbuhan ekonomi yang dicapai daerah tersebut yang tercermin dari kenaikan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB). PDRBKabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah selama tahun 2008- 2012 mengalami pertumbuhan karena banyak yang mempengaruhinya, seperti: Tabungan, Kredit, PAD dan Belanja Daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar faktor-faktor tersebut mempengaruhi tingkat PDRB kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah selama tahun 2008-2012. Variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah PDRB, sedangkan variabel-variabel independen yaitu Tabungan, Kredit, Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan Belanja Daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda melalui metode OLS dengan menggunakan data time series 2008 –2012 dan data crosssection 35 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah atau yang dimaksud dengan data panel. Pengujian model dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode FixedEffect. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa hasil analisis regresi pada α=5%menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel tabungan dan kredit berpengaruh signifikan, sedangkan variabel PAD, dan Belanja Daerah tidak signifikan terhadap PDRB kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2008–2012. </p><p>High economic growth is the main condition for the continuation of regional economic development. To measure the progress of the regional economy, observation on the economyc growth rate in each area can be conducted. It is reflected in the increase of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP). The increase of GDP of regency/city in Central Java during the year of 2008- 2012 was influenced by several factors such as savings, credit, local generated revenue (PAD), and Expenditure. This study intends to analyze the affect of these factors to the level of GDP on districts / cities in Central Java during the years 2008-2012. The dependent variable used in this study is GDP. Meanwhile, the independent variables are savings, credit, revenue (PAD) and expenditure. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis by the OLS method using time series data in 2008 -2012 and data crosssection of 35 districts / cities in Central Java province which are often called as the data panel. The model is tested by using Fixed Effect. The result indicates that the results of the regression analysis on the α = 5% shows that in partial, saving and loan have significant effect on GDP. Meanwhile, PAD variable and expenditurehave no significant effect on GDP districts / cities in Central Java province in 2008-2012.</p>
ANALISIS PENYEBAB RESISTENSI OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS
Authors: Nugrahaeni Dyan Kunthi 
Published: September 2015

<p>Jumlah penderita TB Indonesia sekitar 5,8% total TB dunia dan menempati peringkat keempat dengan angka prevalensi 281/100.000 penduduk. Kendala program pemberantasan dan penanggulangan TB adalah Resistensi obat anti tuberkulosis, karena pengobatan lama, mahal, dan tingginya efek samping. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis penyebab resistensi OAT. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2013 dengan rancangan penelitian menggunakan kasus kontrol. Sampel kasus penderita TB resisten dan sampel kontrol penderita TB yang sembuh masing-masing 26 orang. Data dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium dan catatan medik di RS Dr. HA. Rotinsulu Kota Bandung. Uji statistik dengan chi square dan besar risiko dari OR. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 80,8% kategori MDR-TB dan 19,2% XDR-TB. Penderita TB mengalami efek samping 42,3%, riwayat pengobatan tidak adekuat 96,2%, adanya kontak erat 30,8%, tempat pengobatan sebelumnya tidak menerapkan DOTS 15,4%. Penyebab resistensi OAT adalah riwayat pengobatan tidak adekuat (nilai p= 0,001; OR= 40,00, 95%CI: 4,66-343,14). Pencegahan resistensi OAT dengan penatalaksanaan TB komprehensif, menerapkan program DOTS agar pengobatan tidak terputus dan berkesinambungan.</p><p> </p><p><em>Number of case TB Indonesia approximately 5.8% total TB in world, was ranked fourth with prevalence rate 281/100,000 population. Anti-tuberculosis drug resistant become problem prevention and eradication TB programmes, because treatment for longer, expensive, and greater side effects. The purpose this study was analysis causes Anti-tuberculosis drug resistant. This research was conducted at 2013 with design using case control. Cases which TB patients drug resistance, control which patients were cured TB each one as 26 people. Data obtained from the results laboratory and medical records in hospital Dr. HA. Rotinsulu Bandung. Statictic analyzed using chi-square test and risk factor from OR. Results showed 80.8% MDR-TB and 19.2% XDR-TB. TB patients who experience side effects 42.3%, inadequate treatment 96.2%, 30.8% close contact, not implementing DOTS 15.4%. The causes anti-tuberculosis drug resistance inadequate treatment (P value= 0.001; OR= 40.00, 95%CI: 4.66-343.14). Prevention of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance by comprehensive TB management, implementing DOTS program that uninterrupted and continuous treatment.</em></p>
PENGARUH MEDIA FILM TERHADAP SIKAP IBU PADA DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS
Authors: Mulyati Sri , Suwarsa Oki , Desy Arya Insi Farisa 
Published: September 2015

<p>Salah satu cara yang praktis dan murah untuk mencegah terjadinya kanker serviks adalah melalui tes Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA). Upaya untuk mempengaruhi sikap ibu pada tes IVA adalah pendidikan kesehatan melalui film. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan melalui film terhadap sikap ibu pada tes IVA. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah non randomized within group design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik consecutive sampling pada 60 responden. Analisis bivariat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah uji wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh positif pendidikan kesehatan melalui film terhadap sikap ibu (P&lt;0,05) dengan peningkatan median (rentang) skor sikap dari 44,23 (19,23-75) menjadi 78,85 (25-94,23). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh positif pendidikan kesehatan melalui film terhadap sikap ibu.</p><p> </p><p><em>The Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) test is a practical and cheaper way to prevent cervical cancer. One way to influence attitude in VIA test is health education based on the movie. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education based on the movie on the attitude,of women in VIA test. The study conducted at 2014. The study design was nonrandomized within group design. The sampling technique was consecutive sampling technique on 60 respondents. The data analysis employed bivariable analysis with wilcoxon test. This study shows there was a significant positive effect of the health education based on the movie on the mother’s attitude (P&lt;0.05) with median and range attitude score increasing from 44.23 (19.23-75) to 78.85(25-94.23). This study concludes that there is significant positive effect of the health education based on the movie on attitude.</em></p>
POLA ASUH DALAM KESEHATAN ANAK PADA IBU BURUH PABRIK
Authors: Oemar Rindu , Novita Astrid 
Published: September 2015

<p>Kemajuan tingkat ekonomi dan pendidikan wanita membuat banyak ibu rumah tangga yang bekerja di luar rumah sehingga mempengaruhi pola asuh ibu terhadap anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran pola asuh ibu dan aspek penting yang mempengaruhi serta proses pengembangan pola asuh kesehatan anak pada ibu yang bekerja sebagai buruh pabrik di wilayah Cimanggis Depok pada tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mixed methode yaitu gabungan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional dan kualitatif studi kasus intrinsik. Penelitian dilakukan di 3 pabrik dari Bulan Februari 2014 - Februari 2015. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 responden. Analisa data menggunakan analisa tematik dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antarasosial ekonomi (nilai p 0,026), keadaan keluarga (nilai p 0,024), keadaan kesehatan keluarga nilai p 0,009), dan lingkungan keluarga (nilai p 0,045) terhadap pola asuh pada ibu buruh pabrik di wilayah Cimanggis Depok sedangkan variabel lainnya tidak berhubungan. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan faktor sosial ekonomi, keadaan keluarga, keadaan kesehatan keluarga dan lingkungan keluarga dengan pola asuh pada ibu buruh pabrik dan selain itu komunikasi menjadi faktor terpenting. Diperlukan adanya pola komunikasi yang baik, sehingga dapat tercipta pola asuh yang ideal.</p><p> </p><p>Economic progression and educational level of women make housewives who work outside home affect parenting mother to child. This study aims to find a description of parenting mothers and important aspects that affect the development process of parenting and child health in women who worked in factories in the area Cimanggis Depok in 2014. This study used a mixed method design which combines quantitative research with cross-sectional design and intrinsic qualitative case-studies. The study was conducted in three factories in February 2014 - February 2015 with 40 respondents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis using triangulation. The results showed no relationship between socioeconomic (p value = 0.026, OR 12.143), family circumstances (p-value = 0.024), the state of health of the family (p-value = 0.009), and the family environment (p value = 0.045) against maternal parenting factory workers in the area Cimanggis Depok. The result was there were relationship among socioeconomic factors, family circumstances, state of health of the family and the family environment with maternal parenting factory workers and besides communication becomes the most important factor. There needs to be a good communication pattern to create the ideal parenting.</p>
Innenregress und Haftung der Unternehmensleitung bei Kartellverstößen
Authors: Rust Ulrich 
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag bespricht das Teilurteil des LAG Düsseldorf vom 20. Januar 2015, in dem der Innenregress des Unternehmens gegen die Unternehmensleitung auf Ersatz von Kartellbußgeldern kategorisch ausgeschlossen wird. Der Verfasser kommt zum Ergebnis, dass das Urteil nicht überzeugt und ein absolutes Regressverbot verfehlt ist. Vielmehr erfasst der Innenregress dem Grunde nach auch Kartellbußgelder. Allerdings ist die Haftung im Innenverhältnis jedenfalls bei fahrlässigen Pflichtverletzungen der Höhe nach zwingend zu begrenzen, um Wertungswidersprüche zwischen gesellschaftsrechtlicher Organhaftung einerseits und der Kartellbußgeldsystematik andererseits auszuschließen.
Der Sanktionszweck heiligt den Regressausschluss – Zur Haftung von Vorstandsmitgliedern für Verbandsgeldbußen
Authors: Friedl Markus J. , Titze Laura A. 
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung
Mit seinem viel beachteten Teilurteil vom 20. Januar 2015 hat das LAG Düsseldorf als erstes deutsches Obergericht zum sog. Kartellinnenregress Stellung bezogen. Nach Ansicht der Arbeitsrichter haftet ein pflichtvergessener Geschäftsleiter nicht für das dem Unternehmen auferlegte Kartellbußgeld, das durchaus existenzvernichtende Ausmaße annehmen kann. Zu dieser in der Literatur kaum vertretenen Ansicht kommt das Landesarbeitsgericht, indem es die Trennung von ordnungsrechtlicher Sanktionierung und zivilrechtlicher Lastentragung faktisch aufhebt. Oder anders gewendet: Es vermeidet eine Sabotage des Kartellbußgeldrechts durch das Zivilrecht. Im Folgenden soll vor dem Hintergrund des Meinungsstands zum Innenregress (unter II) das Teilurteil des LAG Düsseldorf dargestellt (unter III) und bewertet (unter IV) werden. Darüber hinaus sollen weitere Konsequenzen für die Praxis und noch offene Fragen aufgezeigt werden (unter V).
Comparing Leaf and Root Insertion
Authors: Geldenhuys Jaco , Van der Merwe Brink 
Published: September 2015

We consider two ways of inserting a key into a binary search tree: leaf insertion which is the standard method,
and root insertion which involves additional rotations. Although the respective cost of constructing leaf and root
insertion binary search trees trees, in terms of comparisons, are the same in the average case, we show that in
the worst case the construction of a root insertion binary search tree needs approximately 50% of the number of
comparisons required by leaf insertion.
Ridge Preservation After Tooth Extraction With Buccal Bone Plate Deficiency Using Tunnel Structured β‐Tricalcium Phosphate Blocks: A 2‐Month Histologic Pilot Study in Beagle Dogs
Authors: Ikawa Takahiro , Akizuki Tatsuya , Matsuura Takanori , Hoshi Shu , Ammar Shujaa Addin , Kinoshita Atsuhiro , Oda Shigeru , Izumi Yuichi 
Published: September 2015

Background: Reduction in alveolar ridge volume is a direct consequence of tooth extraction. Tunnel β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) blocks were manufactured from randomly organized tunnel‐shaped β‐TCP ceramic. Efficacy of these blocks compared to extraction alone for alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction with buccal bone deficiency was evaluated.Methods: Maxillary first premolars of six beagle dogs were extracted after removing the buccal bone, and bone defects of 4 × 4 × 5 mm (mesio‐distal width × bucco‐palatal width × depth) were created. Fresh extraction sockets with buccal bone defects were filled with tunnel β‐TCP blocks at test sites. Two months after the operation, histologic and histometric evaluations were performed.Results: Regarding histologic sections, coronal and middle horizontal widths of the alveolar ridge were significantly greater at test sites (3.2 ± 0.5 and 3.6 ± 0.4 mm, respectively) than at control sites (1.2 ± 0.3 and 2.0 ± 0.6 mm, respectively). The amount of woven bone was significantly greater at test sites (62.4% ± 7.9%) than at control sites (26.8% ± 5.3%), although that of connective tissue and bone marrow was significantly greater at control sites (38.1% ± 6.2% and 16.0% ± 6.9%, respectively) than at test sites (10.7% ± 5.7% and 4.1% ± 2.2%, respectively). Regarding basic multicellular units, no statistically significant difference was found between the test and control sites (0.5% ± 0.1% and 0.6% ± 0.1%, respectively).Conclusion: Tunnel β‐TCP blocks represent an effective bone‐graft material for alveolar ridge preservation in fresh extraction sockets with buccal bone defects.
A Dynamic Discrete Fracture Model for Fluid Flow in Fractured Low-Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: Lei Zhengdong , Gong Bin , Wang Fang , Wang Tingting , Li Qianshan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Waterflooding has been an effective method for improving oil recovery process of Low-Permeability Reservoirs. Tight Low-Permeability reservoirs are characterized by natural fractures, hydraulic fractures, and induced fractures by water injection. These fractures may have a significant impact on process performance and ultimate recovery. The interaction between pre-existing natural fractures and the propagating fractures are critical factors affecting the complex fracture network. It is a great challenge to model accurately fluid flow due to the multi-scale nature of the problems and the strong coupling that exists between flow and mechanical behaviors.
In this paper, a dynamic discrete Fracture modeling approach was developed and implemented which enabled integrated simulation of fracture network propagation, interactions between hydraulic fractures and pre-existing natural fractures, fracture fluid leak off and fluid flow in reservoir. We apply the Discrete Fracture Modeling (DFM) approach to represent large-scale fractures individually and explicitly. The model allows inclusion of the impact of stress regime on fluid flow in a discrete fracture network. This entails highly constrained unstructured gridding and construction of a connection (transmissibility) list of all neighboring cells. A methodology for modeling fracture propagation in length- and height-direction is presented with respect to poro- and thermo-elastic stresses acting on the fracture. The method was solved using the discrete fracture control volume method. Results were obtained in terms of saturation and pressure distribution for various fractured porous media. Comparisons for simulation results and well production performance show an excellent match. The new model allows us to better understand the multi-scale and multi-physics flow behavior caused by complex fracture system.
Sensitivity studies by varying the production rate, pressure and fracture parameters could be conducted to provide guidance on optimizing production designs. The simulation results show that reservoir dynamic fractures play an important role in both direction and speed of water displacement fronts through tight low-permeability reservoirs. The oil recovery rate significantly depends on the fractures orientation and the rate of fracture growth.
The proposed simulation method provides a useful tool for modeling the effect of fractures on waterflooding performance and can be used to optimize injection pressures and rates, water quality as well as well patterns for maximizing oil recovery.
Accurate Modeling of Polymer Enhanced Oil Recovery Corefloods by Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Su Shi , Giddins Marie Ann , Naccache Paul , Clarke Andrew , M Howe Andrew 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Characterization of polymer flow behavior, using data from laboratory measurements, is an essential step in the development of predictive reservoir simulation models of polymer enhanced oil recovery (EOR). We describe a methodology for calibrating simulation parameters, using detailed observations from multiphase coreflood experiments and taking account of the core geometry and polymer rheology.
A series of multiphase brine and polymer floods were performed on an oil-filled sandstone core plug, at different concentrations and at different flow rates. Measured data included pressure drop along the core and oil saturation derived from nuclear magnetic resonance. A fine-scale, three-dimensional simulation grid was designed to capture accurately the geometry of the experimental apparatus, including the coreholder platens for fluid injection and extraction. The simulation input parameters were adjusted to match the experimental results of each coreflood, and sensitivity studies were performed to assess the impact of uncertainties.
In the coreflood experiments, different recovery efficiencies were observed, depending on the type of aqueous solution and the injection flow rates. An initial relative permeability model was defined by matching a constant-rate brine flood. Further tests were performed for brine, xanthan, and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solutions, at incrementally increasing flow rates, and the resulting residual oil saturations were used to define capillary desaturation curves. Experimental data also showed that the apparent polymer solution viscosity at different shear rates differed from the values predicted by conventional rheology. To represent this behavior in the simulator, a new method for estimating the apparent aqueous-phase viscosity during multiphase flow has been developed and validated. At each step in the simulation study, sensitivity studies were used to check the quality of the experimental results, and unexpected behavior was explained or corrected.
High accuracy is required when designing EOR processes. In this project, close collaboration between research scientists and simulation experts led to development of innovative workflows to interpret experimental results, build the simulation grid, and characterize the polymer properties.