bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polishing of Asphalt Pavements: From Macro- to Micro-Scale
Authors: Chen Xianhua , Dai Songbai , Guo Yiqi , Yang Jun , Huang Xiaoming 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Polishing of asphalt pavements and the consequent decreases of skid resistance are world-wide issues regarding vehicle traffic safety. This paper provided a detailed and up-to-date overview of skid resistance and polishing of asphalt pavements. It presented the latest long-term field survey results and discussed the characterization of pavement surface texture, skid resistance, and its evolution. It analyzed the mechanism of polishing and discussed the state-of-the-practice for testing pavement friction. It also discussed the primary principles for an accelerated polishing test in the laboratory. It is suggested that an integral analysis from macro- to micro-scale will be required for better understanding of the behaviors of aggregates and their mineral components in polishing process, and also for recognizing the critical material-dependent factors that determine the skid resistance level of asphalt mixture and the decreasing rate of skid resistance due to tire polishing.
Flexible Exchange Rates as Shock Absorbers in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Shevchuk Viktor 
Published: October 2015

Considering the merits of the flexible exchange rate and its ability to absorb asymmetric macroeconomic shocks, results on the basis of a two-variable SVAR model suggest that this ability was lacking in both Hungary and Romania, as regardless of the data used more than 80% of variability in the nominal (real) exchange rate over a four-quarter horizon can be explained by neutral structural shock. Variability in output is determined mainly by non-neutral (permanent) structural shocks. As for Poland and, to a lesser extent, the Czech Republic, the evidence supporting the stabilising properties are somewhat stronger, with up to 30% to 40% of changes in the nominal (real) exchange rate being explained by the permanent (output) shock. However, the results are sensitive to the data used.
FORMACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA Y PRÁCTICA COMUNITARIA: LA CURRICULARIZACIÓN DE LAS PRÁCTICAS COMUNITARIAS EN UNIVERSIDADES ARGENTINAS
Authors: Enriquez Pedro Gregorio , Martín Marisol 
Published: October 2015

<p>En este trabajo se compara la curricularización de las prácticas comunitarias<br />desarrolladas, en estos últimos años, en 7 (siete) universidades argentinas. Desde lo teórico, las producciones sobre instituciones educativas y sobre reformas curriculares que incluyen el trabajo comunitario, permitieron comprender la complejidad que suponía estos procesos. Desde lo metodológico, el empleo de fuentes documentales digitalizadas (normativas de creación y documentos de apoyo) disponibles en páginas web, posibilitó un primer acercamiento a estas reformas. Como resultado de este estudio se pudo comprobar que los procesos de curricularización generaron cambios en la universidad, en lo relativo a la forma de relacionarse con la comunidad, en el formato curricular y en la estructura organizacional.</p><p>Palabras clave: Práctica comunitaria. Curricularización. Universidad</p>
ALGUMAS PONTUAÇÕES FUNDAMENTOS DA EDUCAÇÃO: RECORTES E DISCUSSÕES
Authors: Chaves Pereira Meira 
Published: October 2015

<p>Caracterizado como uma organização de obra, Fundamentos da Educação:<br />recortes e discussões – Volume 1 reúne elementos ricos e instigantes no desdobramento dos eixos histórico-filosóficos da área, de maneira clara e objetiva. A obra é organizada por Paulo Gomes Lima, Doutor em Educação Escolar pela Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, e Professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, da Grande Dourados e do Departamento de Ciências Humanas e Educação (DCHE) da mesma Instituição. </p><p>O volume em tela, por seu percurso, não necessariamente, cronológico,<br />mas com riqueza de detalhes temporais, propõe-se, entre outros, a contribuir como elemento de conscientização do pesquisador, do professor, dos estudantes e dos estudiosos da educação como uma possibilidade de atuação intencional em uma sociedade conflituosa, contribuindo para transformações sócio-históricas e políticas de reflexão-na-ação sobre a realidade vivida (p. 5).</p>
Le féminin ou la liberté du semblant : le « pèse-homme »
Authors: Assoun Paul-Laurent 
Published: October 2015

Le féminin – que veut la femme ? – s’éclaire de sa « politique » envers le masculin. Il s’agit de dégager les conséquences structurales de la remarque de Lacan sur la « liberté à l’égard du semblant » échue à la femme, qui lui permettrait de « donner du poids à l’homme, y compris à celui qui n’en a aucun ». Ce qui fait dudit sexe féminin le sexe activé à construire l’homme pour y amarrer sa stratégie phallique et sa demande d’amour. De la « passion du déchet » au fantasme du « surmâle », c’est un « effet Pygmalion inversé » qui donne accès à un certain « choix d’objet » au féminin, au-delà de la « mascarade ». Il s’agit d’en suivre la dialectique interne au cœur du devenir-femme et au-delà, quand l’engeance masculine ne fait plus le poids, dégonflement du héros par le crime, dont Médée a fait le (re)nom. Un point d’orgue en est l’institution de la favorite, « hystérique d’État » qui allège le souverain de son être pour faire désirer l’homme.
La place fondamentale du corps dans l’hallucination verbale
Authors: Guyonnet Damien 
Published: October 2015

Nous savons depuis Lacan que la logique de l’hallucination verbale ne relève pas du registre sensoriel mais du champ du langage. D’où le processus de « chaîne brisée » évoqué dans le texte « D’une question préliminaire… », afin de rendre compte du phénomène en jeu dont le mécanisme causal est la forclusion. Mais alors, qu’en est-il du corps ? Vignette clinique à l’appui, nous tâcherons de répondre à cette question, en évoquant la place de ce dernier dans le processus hallucinatoire, à l’origine du phénomène et pendant sa manifestation. Occasion nous sera donnée alors d’aborder succinctement la question du bruit halluciné, dont la logique demeure étroitement liée à celle du corps.
A Journey to Multi-Functionality - From Customized to Independent Well Access Systems
Authors: Klever Dag Jostein , Halvorsen Eivind 
Published: October 2015

The objective of this paper is to show how Well Access Technology is changing from field and project specific equipment packages to be subsea tree-vendor and field independent multipurpose systems developed during early 2000 for open water and landing string systems. Fifteen years of experience from performing Riserless Light Well Intervention (RLWI) on more than 350 different subsea wells has provided the knowledge to develop today's state of the art multifunctional subsea service technology. The experiences and synergies of RLWI operations have enabled continuous development of the technology to meet tomorrow's requirement in subsea services.
This Paper will give insight into the challenges experienced by going from standard methods with hydraulic power supplied from the surface through heavy and expensive, large diameter umbilicals, to stack integrated ecofriendly closed loop subsea electrohydraulic control system. Demonstration will be provided on how experience has enabled interfaces and communications both electrical and hydraulic, with various manufactures' subsea trees, through the use of modular and flexible solutions with services customized for desired operational needs for the short and long term throughout the life of field. Add-on control unit module enabling control of cross vendor systems will also be presented.
Technology, operational experience and standardization have evolved over the years and have resulted in a set of robust system building blocks, which enable multi-functionality. The most recent systems are able to perform a large number of operations on a multi-field basis. From early 2000's, combined Workover Control Systems (WOCS) have been developed. These enable operation between open water systems and landing string systems, as well as for control of multi-fields and multi-vendor systems.
The scope of RLWI service is currently being expanded. An optimization of the second generation RLWI system suitable for deepwater application in the USA GOM will be described featuring the latest generation of fiber optics, electrical and electro hydraulic technology.
Alternative Technologies in Drill-In Fluids for Depleted Reservoirs
Authors: Gianoglio I. , Luzardo J. , Derks P. W. J. , Perez Gramatges A. , Nascimento R. , Oliveira E. P. , Sbaglia F. , Valle R. , Inderberg K. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Induced losses occur when the drilling fluid density, required for well control and to maintain wellbore stability, exceeds the fracture resistance of the formations. Depleted reservoirs present a particular challenge. As the reserves decline, the pore pressure decreases, which weakens hydrocarbon-bearing rocks. Nearby or interbedded low permeability rocks, however, may maintain their pore pressure. This scenario can make the drilling of certain depleted zones extremely difficult because the fluid density necessary to support the shale exceeds the fracture resistance of the sands and silts. This situation worsens in offshore operations where logistics impose additional limitations to the capacity of combating mud losses. The potential benefit is clear if a drill-in fluid system can be designed with a density that meets the low pore pressure and fracture gradient levels necessary to drill the reservoir and/or if the fluid includes specially designed lost circulation material to effectively bridge or seal the formation. In both cases, these methods should provide the possibility for removal at a later stage in order to minimize productivity impairments.
This paper presents an extensive review of the various technologies, both proven and potential, in drill-in fluids for depleted reservoirs.
This paper organizes the discussed technologies separately by the density range that they can cover. It also describes the state of the art advantages, limitations, and suggested specific applications, including the required development to expand the application and status of the technologies. Discussions include specific information about safety considerations, cost, and environmental issues associated with each technology. Such technologies include drilling blind, well flowing drilling, managed pressure drilling, aerated mud, foam drilling, air or mist drilling, structured microbubbles of air (aphrons), emulsions (both direct and invert), and the addition of hollow spheres (glass spheres, cenospheres, and plastic spheres).
This review compiles crucial information necessary to design and formulate the proper low density drill-in fluid to address depleted reservoir challenges.
BC-10-Optimizing Subsea Production
Authors: Sleight N. C. , Oliveira N. 
Published: October 2015

The Shell operated BC-10 field located in deepwater, 1650-1920m (5500’-6400’), offshore Brazil produces heavy oil in the range of API 16-24. Due to the low reservoir energy and deep water environment, 100% of BC-10 production has artificial lift. Mudline caisson separators with ESPs (Electrical Submersible Pumps) are used to process fluids from multiple wells and boost them to the receiving FPSO. These caissons are 80-100m (260’-330’) deep and each houses a 1600HP pump. The 4 distinct fields are located approximately 8-14km from the producing FPSO and there are significant flow assurance challenges in operating the asset. Over the past 5 years, production optimizations have been trialed and implemented – some successful, some not. In this paper several examples will be given of production optimization which has resulted in increased throughput of the system without mechanical modifications, reduced OPEX on chemicals and taken advantage of natural changes in fluid properties as the field has aged. The optimizations included; caisson foam management to enhance flowline lift, subsea demulsifier injection for viscosity reduction and alterations to gas-liquid subsea separation to achieve high and low GOR operation.
Through these optimizations, it is estimated that 2MM bbl additional volumes were produced in 2013-2014 together with a $4MM US/year reduction in chemical usage. The enabling factors for these optimizations will be examined in relation to system design and surveillance.
Optimization of Reservoir Development Plan Using the System OCTOPUS
Authors: Lima Rafael , Abreu Ana Carolina , Pacheco Marco Aurélio 
Published: October 2015

The oil production optimization involves a multidisciplinary expert team to draw up development plans to oil field, making strategic and operational decisions considering possible alternatives. The decisions seek to increase the oil recovery and the net present value of the project. This fact highlights the need to build a robust support tool that allows experts to make better and fast decisions.
This paper describes optimization of reservoir devopment plan using a computer system, called OCTOPUS. The OCTOPUS system was created to assist the experts in drawing up reservoir development plans, for that the system is composed by some subsystems responsible for otimize specifically tasks in reservoir development, involving the oil production strategy. These subsystems are related with 1) the optimization of the number, location, type and trajectory of wells, 2) wells open scheduling and 3) location and sizing of stationary production units. This paper is focused on the first subsystem described, considering the allocation of wells.
This support system has been applied to a synthetic reservoir model based on the Namorado field, Campos basin, Brazil. The objective of the study cases is to take decision regarding exploitation strategy selection in initial stage of an offshore oil field. We consider three cases that require for well placement: case 1, that already has 4 well pre-allocated that shoud be considered in time to allocate more wells; case 2, that has no wells previously allocated and has producers and water and gas injectors available to be allocated; and case 3, that also has no wells previously allocated but has producers and water injectors well to be allocated. The results compare the placement plans for all the cases considered showing the possible gains between then, comparing the net present value and also the cumulative production.
The Evolution and Application Development of High-Performance, Thin- Film, Dry-Lubricant Coatings
Authors: Pernice Guglielmo 
Published: October 2015

The evolution of high-performance thin-film dry-lubricant coatings goes back to the early 1970s, when the Whitford Corporation introduced the first of its kind dry-film lubricant coating to replace phosphate & oil and greases. For the purposes of this document, the focus is solely on thin-film coatings used in oil and gas applications applied at less than 37 µm (1.5 mils) dry-film thickness (DFT).
As with most products in most industries, high-performance, thin-film, dry-lubricant coatings came about due to a pressing need to solve specific problems. In this case, the Oil & Gas industry (O&G) was facing serious problems with fasteners: torque consistency, corrosion, and galling in offshore and coastal installations . The fastener application added the complexity of tight tolerances of the mating faces that must be respected. The chief problem was achieving uniform torque values around a flange. The method commonly used was either phosphate and oil or bonded molybdenum and graphite, but neither was capable of achieving uniform friction from fastener to fastener.
One of the first introduced was a coating based on a Polyamide Imide binder resin (PAI). PAI offers ease of application, a wide operating temperature range from -250 to 260°C (-420 to 500°F) and good chemical and abrasion resistance. With a variety of lubricant packages available to coating formulators, the PAI 1000 series grew to meet additional needs in new applications. Typical lubricant formulations by the PAI 1000 series include PTFE, FEP and PTFE/MoS2 . This versatile series solved problems for a variety of applications such as fasteners, blow-out preventers, valves and tubing hangers, to list a few. All these applications require a low coefficient of friction, dry lubrication, torque consistency, anti-galling and improved corrosion performance in tight tolerance applications, which, when met, afforded users operational consistency, improved safety and a lower total cost of operation and ownership.
Sapinhoÿ Field, Santos Basin Pre-Salt: From Conceptual Design to Project Execution and Results
Authors: Naveiro J. Turazzi , Haimson D. 
Published: October 2015

This article presents how the development of Sapinhoá field took place, covering the fast track transition and decision making process from appraisal phase to conceptual and basic engineering of Sapinhoá Pilot project, and its subsequent execution, highlighting the challenges, lessons learned and results obtained.
Located in Santos basin pre-salt cluster, 300 km off the coast of SÃo Paulo state, Sapinhoá field was discovered in June/2008, and quickly entered an evaluation program, which included appraisal wells, one extended well test and one early production system, performed by Petrobras (Operator) and its partners BG E&P Brasil and Repsol Sinopec Brasil.
Even though at the time a number of uncertainties to develop pre-salt areas was still present, such as reservoir heterogeneity, recovery method, fluid properties (including CO2 distribution along the reservoir), well construction technologies, riser qualification, among others, a fast track strategy was chosen. Therefore the implementation of a Pilot project was seen as a mean to provide valuable information for the remaining development of Sapinhoá and other fields in the pre-salt cluster.
In order to cope with these challenges, Petrobras and its partners chartered the FPSO Cidade de SÃo Paulo, with 120,000 bpd oil capacity and specifications capable to comply with different recoverable methods and produced fluids. Also, for the subsea system, a new riser concept was selected through a design competition process, the so called "SCR on BSR" (Steel Catenary Risers - SCR on Buoy Supporting Risers - BSR), with two large structures positioned approximately 250 meters below the sea surface, supporting from 22 to 28 of a mix of rigid and flexible risers and umbilicals.
Sapinhoá Pilot started its wells construction campaign in 2012 and currently plans to achieve scope completion with only 85% of the approved duration, due to the implementation of a series of improvements in well’s projects. The production unit was delivered before schedule, enabling start-up in early January 2013. Full capacity was achieved in July 2014, with only four producer wells, some with potentials of up to 35 thousand bbl/d. This was achieved after the successful installation of the innovative BSR project, which faced and surpassed a series of challenges in the construction and offshore campaign phases.
The paper describes the solutions adopted in all disciplines, from subsurface to topside facilities, and how uncertainties were mitigated in Sapinhoá Pilot development during engineering phases, and the challenges and lessons learned this fast-track project faced during construction and installation.
2-Pronge Approach for Improved Operating Range of Electrostatic Crude Oil Treaters
Authors: Sellman Erik , Mandewalkar Pavan 
Published: October 2015

Floating production facilities are very sensitive to equipment weight and footprint. New electrostatic technologies have enhanced the dehydration and desalting processes for crude oil by increasing the electrostatic field strength of the treaters and improving treater hydraulics, allowing the use of compact and lighter equipment with a larger operating window.Topsides processes on offshore platforms include a series of process vessels for oil / water / gas separation, with separate polishing processes for the separated gas and produced water phases. The wider the operating window and the higher the process efficiency for each process step, the fewer number of process steps is required and the more compact the separation train.This paper describes a 2-pronge approach for the crude oil dehydration process, providing an increased operating window for more effective crude oil dehydrators and desalters. Thus fewer and more compact process vessels can be used while still maintaining the required process performance. The paper also includes special considerations for slosh suppression, instrumentation and operating procedures, in addition to case stories with examples of compact equipment installed on FPSOs, SPARs, TLPs and semi submersibles.This 2-pronge approach for crude oil dehydration and desalting combines high bulk water removal efficiency in the initial step and a high dehydration efficiency in the second step, providing benefits including:an increased operating window in terms of crude oil inlet water cut and API gravityuse of smaller and more effective electrostatic treaters with lower CAPEXa reduced OPEX from lower operating temperature, reduced demulsifier dosage and less dilution water for desaltingFurther benefits include high frequency and amplitude modulated electrostatic fields, improved electrode configurations and materials, as well as improved fluid distribution inside the electrostatic treaters.
Glycol methacrylate embedding for the histochemical study of the gastrointestinal tract of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum
Authors: Pinto A.J.W. , De Amorim I.F.G. , Pinheiro L.J. , Madeira I.M.V.M. , Souza C.C. , Chiarini-Garcia H. , Caliari M.V. , Tafuri W.L. 
Published: October 2015

In canine visceral leishmaniasis a diffuse chronic inflammatory exudate and an intense parasite load throughout the gastrointestinal tract has been previously reported. However, these studies did not allow a properly description of canine cellular morphology details. The aim of our study was to better characterize these cells in carrying out a qualitative and quantitative histological study in the gastrointestinal tract of dogs naturally infected withÂ LeishmaniaÂ infantum by examining gut tissues embedded in glycol methacrylate. Twelve infected adult dogs were classified in asymptomatic and symptomatic. Five uninfected dogs were used as controls. After necropsy, three samples of each gut segment, including esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum were collected and fixed in Carnoyâ€™s solution for glycol methacrylate protocols. Sections were stained withÂ hematoxylin-eosin, toluidine blue borate, and periodic acidâ€“Schiff stain.Â LeishmaniaÂ amastigotes were detected by immunohistochemistry employed in both glycol methacrylate and paraffin embedded tissues. The quantitative histological analysis showed higher numbers of plasma cells, lymphocytes and macrophages in lamina propria of all segments of GIT of infected dogs than controls. The parasite load was more intense and cecum and colon, independently of the clinical status of these dogs. Importantly, glycol methacrylate embedded tissue stained with toluidine blue borate clearly revealed mast cell morphology, even after mast cell degranulation. Infected dogs showed lower numbers of mast cells in all gut segments than did controls.Â Despite the glycol methacrylate (GMA) protocol requires more attention and care than the conventional paraffin processing, this embedding procedure proved to be especially suitable for the present histological study, where it allowed to preserve and observe cell morphology in fine detail.