bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coloring Triple Systems with Local Conditions
Authors: Mubayi Dhruv 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe produce an edge‐coloring of the complete 3‐uniform hypergraph on n vertices with colors such that the edges spanned by every set of five vertices receive at least three distinct colors. This answers the first open case of a question of Conlon‐Fox‐Lee‐Sudakov (Int Math Res Not, to appear) who asked whether such a coloring exists with colors.
Early and resectable HCC: Definition and validation of a subgroup of patients who could avoid liver transplantation
Authors: Scatton Olivier , Goumard Claire , Cauchy Francois , Fartoux Laetitia , Perdigao Fabiano , Conti Filomena , Calmus Yvon , Boelle Pierre Yves , Belghiti Jacques , Rosmorduc Olivier , Soubrane Olivier 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundLiver transplantation (LT) remains the best curative option for early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but is limited by the ongoing graft shortage. The present study aimed at defining the population in which primary liver resection (LR) could represent the best alternative to LT.MethodsAn exploration set of 357 HCC patients (LR n = 221 and LT n = 136) operated between 2000–2012 was used in order to identify factors associated with survival following LR and define a good prognosis (GP) group for which LR may challenge the results of upfront LT. These factors were validated in an external validation set of 565 HCC patients operated at another center (LR n = 287 LR and LT n = 278).ResultsIn the exploration set, factors associated with survival on multivariate analysis were a solitary lesion, a diameter <50 mm, a well‐moderately differentiated lesion, the absence of microvascular invasion, and preoperative AST level <2N. Thirty‐nine patients (18%) displayed all these criteria and constituted the GP patients. Overall survivals at 1, 3, and 5 years did not significantly differ between GP resected patients, and the in Milan transplanted patients (93, 80.4, and 80.4% vs. 86.9, 82, and 78.8%, P = 0.79). In the validation cohort, patients with GP factors of survival still displayed better overall survivals than those without (P = 0.036) but also displayed better survivals than in Milan HCC transplanted patients (P = 0.005).ConclusionIn a group of early HCC patients gathering all factors of GP, primary LR achieves at least similar survival as upfront LT and should be the approach of choice. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:1007–1015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Uncovering dental implants using a new thermo‐optically powered (TOP) technology with tissue air‐cooling
Authors: Romanos Georgios E. , Belikov Andrey V. , Skrypnik Alexei V. , Feldchtein Felix I. , Smirnov Michael Z. , Altshuler Gregory B. 
Published: April 2015

Background and ObjectivesUncovering implants with lasers, while bloodless, has been associated with a risk of implant and bone overheating. The present study evaluated the effect of using a new generation of high‐power diode lasers on the temperature of a dental implant and the surrounding tissues using an in vitro model.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe implant temperature was measured at three locations using micro thermocouples. Collateral thermal damage of uncovered soft tissues was evaluated using NTBC stain. Implant temperature rise during and collateral thermal soft‐tissue damage following implant uncovering with and without tissue air‐cooling was studied using both the classic operational mode and the new thermo‐optically powered (TOP) technology.ResultsFor the classic surgical mode using a cork‐initiated tip and constant laser power set at 3.4 W, the maximum temperature rise in the coronal and apical parts of the implant was 23.2 ± 4.1°С and 9.5 ± 1.8°С, respectively, while 1.5 ± 0.5 mm of collateral thermal damage of the soft tissue surrounding the implant model occurred. Using the TOP surgical tip with constant laser power reduced implant overheating by 30%; collateral thermal soft‐tissue damage was 0.8 ± 0.2 mm. Using the TOP surgical mode with a tip temperature setting of 800°C and air‐cooling reduced the implant temperature rise by more than 300%, and only 0.2 ± 0.1 mm of collateral thermal soft‐tissue damage occurred, typical for optimized CO2 laser surgery. Furthermore, use of the new generation diode technology (TOP surgical mode) appeared to reduce the time required for implant uncovering by a factor of two, compared to the standard surgical mode.ConclusionsUse of the new generation diode technology (TOP surgical mode) may significantly reduce overheating of dental implants during uncovering and seems to be safer for the adjacent soft and hard tissues. Use of such diode lasers with air‐cooling can radically reduce the rise in implant temperatures (by more than three times), potentially making this technology safe and effective for implant uncovering. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:411–420, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Three‐dimensional quantitative T1 and T2 mapping of the carotid artery: Sequence design and in vivo feasibility
Authors: Coolen Bram F. , Poot Dirk H.J. , Liem Madieke I. , Smits Loek P. , Gao Shan , Kotek Gyula , Klein Stefan , Nederveen Aart J. 
Published: April 2015

PurposeA novel three‐dimensional (3D) T1 and T2 mapping protocol for the carotid artery is presented.MethodsA 3D black‐blood imaging sequence was adapted allowing carotid T1 and T2 mapping using multiple flip angles and echo time (TE) preparation times. B1 mapping was performed to correct for spatially varying deviations from the nominal flip angle. The protocol was optimized using simulations and phantom experiments. In vivo scans were performed on six healthy volunteers in two sessions, and in a patient with advanced atherosclerosis. Compensation for patient motion was achieved by 3D registration of the inter/intrasession scans. Subsequently, T1 and T2 maps were obtained by maximum likelihood estimation.ResultsSimulations and phantom experiments showed that the bias in T1 and T2 estimation was < 10% within the range of physiological values. In vivo T1 and T2 values for carotid vessel wall were 844 ± 96 and 39 ± 5 ms, with good repeatability across scans. Patient data revealed altered T1 and T2 values in regions of atherosclerotic plaque.ConclusionThe 3D T1 and T2 mapping of the carotid artery is feasible using variable flip angle and variable TE preparation acquisitions. We foresee application of this technique for plaque characterization and monitoring plaque progression in atherosclerotic patients. Magn Reson Med 75:1008–1017, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Motion robust GRAPPA for echo‐planar imaging
Authors: Baron Corey A. , Beaulieu Christian 
Published: April 2015

PurposeA readout‐segmented method for acquiring robust GRAPPA calibration data for echo‐planar imaging (EPI) was proposed and compared with two previous methods, including the gold standard interleaved approach and a single shot method with halved phase encode resolution.Theory and MethodsThe readout‐segmented and single shot techniques acquire adjacent phase encode lines in the same shot to obtain the calibration data, rather than interleaving of lines between shots, to decrease sensitivity to motion. Additionally, it uses multiple segments with shortened frequency encode extent to match the phase encode bandwidth to the undersampled data, which decreases sensitivity to B0 inhomogeneity. The three methods were tested using simulations and EPI scans of the brain in healthy volunteers.ResultsThe interleaved approach exhibited high sensitivity to motion, while residual undersampling artifacts remained in the single shot method due to mismatch of B0 inhomogeneity between the calibration and undersampled data. The readout segmented method exhibited no such errors, having 30% lower ghosting intensity than the single shot method and 90% lower ghosting intensity than the interleaved approach in moving subjects.ConclusionArtifacts from B0 inhomogeneity and motion during calibration scans for EPI GRAPPA can be mitigated with a readout segmented calibration scan. Magn Reson Med 75:1166–1174, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Uzawa algorithms with variable relaxation for nonsymmetric generalized saddle point problems
Authors: Shen Hailun , Xiang Hua 
Published: April 2015

SummaryIn this paper, we extend the inexact Uzawa algorithm of Hu and Zou to the nonsymmetric generalized saddle point problem (SPP). The techniques used here are similar with those in the paper of Bramble et al., where the convergence of Uzawa type algorithm for solving nonsymmetric case depends on the spectrum of the preconditioners involved. The main contributions of this paper focus on two new linear Uzawa type algorithms for nonsymmetric generalized saddle point problems and their convergence properties. Our exact Uzawa algorithm can always converge without any prior estimate on the spectrum of two preconditioned subsystems involved. The convergence of our inexact Uzawa algorithm does not need the prior spectrum estimate of Schur complement, which may not be easy to achieve in practical applications. Numerical results of the algorithm on the Navier–Stokes problem are also presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sexual functioning in breast cancer survivors experiencing body image disturbance
Authors: Boquiren Virginia M. , Esplen Mary Jane , Wong Jiahui , Toner Brenda , Warner Ellen , Malik Noorulain 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer treatments and the traumatic nature of the cancer experience frequently elicit considerable sexual difficulties. Breast cancer survivors (BCS) experiencing body image (BI) issues may represent a vulnerable group for developing sexual dysfunction posttreatment. The current study explores sexual functioning (SF) in this unique clinical group.MethodsA descriptive study assessed 127 BCS who were engaged in sexual activity. Standardized baseline measures included the following: BI Scale, BI after Breast Cancer Questionnaire, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Breast. Levels of SF were compared with BCS, heterogeneous cancer, and healthy female populations. Correlational analyses were conducted between SF, BI, relationship, and health‐related quality of life variables. Guided by a conceptual framework, regression analyses were conducted to determine significant demographic, clinical, and psychosocial predictors of sexual desire, satisfaction, and overall SF.ResultsEighty‐three per cent of BCS met the FSFI clinical cutoff score for a sexual dysfunction. Participants exhibited poorer SF when compared with other female cancer and healthy groups. No significant correlations were found between BI questionnaire total scores and SF. BI after Breast Cancer Questionnaire – Body Stigma subscale showed significant associations with FSFI Arousal, Orgasm, Satisfaction (average r = −0.23), and overall SF (r = −0.25). Vaginal dryness (β = −0.50), body stigma (β = −0.24), and relationship satisfaction (β = 0.27) were significant predictors of overall SF.ConclusionDifficulties in SF appear to be highly prevalent in BCS experiencing BI disturbance posttreatment. Brief screening tools assessing SF should adopt a biopsychosocial model, which includes questions regarding vaginal dryness, relationship satisfaction, and body stigma issues. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glutamine Regulates Cardiac Progenitor Cell Metabolism and Proliferation
Authors: Salabei Joshua K. , Lorkiewicz Pawel K. , Holden Candice R. , Li Qianhong , Hong Kyung U. , Bolli Roberto , Bhatnagar Aruni , Hill Bradford G. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Autologous transplantation of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) alleviates myocardial dysfunction in the damaged heart; however, the mechanisms that contribute to their reparative qualities remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined CPC metabolism to elucidate the metabolic pathways that regulate their proliferative capacity. In complete growth medium, undifferentiated CPCs isolated from adult mouse heart proliferated rapidly (Td = 13.8 hours). CPCs expressed the Glut1 transporter and their glycolytic rate was increased by high extracellular glucose (Glc) concentration, in the absence of insulin. Although high Glc concentrations did not stimulate proliferation, glutamine (Gln) increased CPC doubling time and promoted survival under conditions of oxidative stress. In comparison with Glc, pyruvate (Pyr) or BSA-palmitate, Gln, when provided as the sole metabolic substrate, increased ATP-linked and uncoupled respiration. Although fatty acids were not used as respiratory substrates when present as a sole carbon source, Gln-induced respiration was doubled in the presence of BSA-palmitate, suggesting that Gln stimulates fatty acid oxidation. Additionally, Gln promoted rapid phosphorylation of the mTORC1 substrate, p70S6k, as well as retinoblastoma protein, followed by induction of cyclin D1 and cdk4. Inhibition of either mTORC1 or glutaminolysis was sufficient to diminish CPC proliferation, and provision of cell permeable α-ketoglutarate in the absence of Gln increased both respiration and cell proliferation, indicating a key role of Gln anaplerosis in cell growth. These findings suggest that Gln, by enhancing mitochondrial function and stimulating mTORC1, increases CPC proliferation, and that interventions to increase Gln uptake or oxidation may improve CPC therapy. Stem Cells 2015;33:2613—2627
Loss of Faap20 Causes Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Depletion in Mice Under Genotoxic Stress
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Wilson Andrew F. , Mahmood Ali Abdullah , Namekawa Satoshi H. , Andreassen Paul R. , Ruhikanta Meetei Amom , Pang Qishen 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
20-kDa FANCA-associated protein (FAAP20) is a recently identified protein that associates with the Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex component, FANCA. FAAP20 contains a conserved ubiquitin-binding zinc-finger domain and plays critical roles in the FA-BRCA pathway of DNA repair and genome maintenance. The function of FAAP20 in animals has not been explored. Here, we report that deletion of Faap20 in mice led to a mild FA-like phenotype with defects in the reproductive and hematopoietic systems. Specifically, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from Faap20−/− mice showed defects in long-term multilineage reconstitution in lethally irradiated recipient mice, with milder phenotype as compared to HSPCs from Fanca−/− or Fancc−/− mice. Faap20−/− mice are susceptible to mitomycin C (MMC)-induced pancytopenia. That is, acute MMC stress induced a significant progenitor loss especially the erythroid progenitors and megakaryocyte–erythrocyte progenitors in Faap20−/− mice. Furthermore, Faap20−/− HSPCs displayed aberrant cell cycle pattern during chronic MMC treatment. Finally, using Faap20−/− Fanca−/− double-knockout mice, we demonstrated a possible dominant effect of FANCA in the interaction between FAAP20 and FANCA. This novel Faap20 mouse model may be valuable in studying the regulation of the FA pathway during bone marrow failure progress in FA patients. Stem Cells 2015;33:2320–2330
Goodput and throughput comparison of single‐hop and multi‐hop routing for IEEE 802.11 DCF‐based wireless networks under hidden terminal existence
Authors: Aydogdu Canan , Karasan Ezhan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe investigate how multi‐hop routing affects the goodput and throughput performances of IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function‐based wireless networks compared with direct transmission (single hopping), when medium access control dynamics such as carrier sensing, collisions, retransmissions, and exponential backoff are taken into account under hidden terminal presence. We propose a semi‐Markov chain‐based goodput and throughput model for IEEE 802.11‐based wireless networks, which works accurately with both multi‐hopping and single hopping for different network topologies and over a large range of traffic loads. Results show that, under light traffic, there is little benefit of parallel transmissions and both single‐hop and multi‐hop routing achieve the same end‐to‐end goodput. Under moderate traffic, concurrent transmissions are favorable as multi‐hopping improves the goodput up to 730% with respect to single hopping for dense networks. At heavy traffic, multi‐hopping becomes unstable because of increased packet collisions and network congestion, and single‐hopping achieves higher network layer goodput compared with multi‐hop routing. As for the link layer throughput is concerned, multi‐hopping increases throughput 75 times for large networks, whereas single hopping may become advantageous for small networks. The results point out that the end‐to‐end goodput can be improved by adaptively switching between single hopping and multi‐hopping according to the traffic load and topology. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transmission scheduling in a multi‐channel wireless network with bidirectional relaying links
Authors: Mohseni Maryam , Zhao Dongmei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractUsing network coding in a wireless network can potentially improve the network throughput. On the other hand, it increases the complexity of resource allocations as the quality of one transmission is affected by the link conditions of the transmitter to multiple receivers. In this work, we study time slot scheduling and channel allocations jointly for a network with bidirectional relaying links, where the two end nodes of each link can exchange data through a relay node. Two scenarios are considered when the relay node forwards packets to the end nodes. In the first scenario, the relay node always forwards network‐coded packets to both end nodes simultaneously; in the second scenario, the relay node opportunistically uses network coding for two‐way relaying and traditional one‐way relaying. For each scenario, an optimization problem is first formulated for maximizing the total network throughput. The optimum scheduling is not causal because it requires future information of channel conditions. We then propose heuristic scheduling schemes. The slot‐based scheduling maximizes the total transmission rate of all the nodes at each time slot, and the node‐based scheduling schedules transmissions based on achievable transmission rates of individual nodes at different channels. The node‐based one has lower complexity than the slot‐based one. Our results indicate that although the node‐based scheduling achieves slightly lower throughput than the slot‐based one, both the proposed scheduling schemes are very effective in the sense that the difference between their throughput and the optimum scheduling is relatively small in different network settings. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlling translation via modulation of tRNA levels
Authors: Wilusz Jeremy E. 
Published: April 2015

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are critical adaptor molecules that carry amino acids to a messenger RNA (mRNA) template during protein synthesis. Although tRNAs have commonly been viewed as abundant ‘house‐keeping’ RNAs, it is becoming increasingly clear that tRNA expression is tightly regulated. Depending on a cell's proliferative status, the pool of active tRNAs is rapidly changed, enabling distinct translational programs to be expressed in differentiated versus proliferating cells. Here, I highlight several post‐transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that allow the expression or functions of tRNAs to be altered. Modulating the modification status or structural stability of individual tRNAs can cause those specific tRNA transcripts to selectively accumulate or be degraded. Decay generally occurs via the rapid tRNA decay pathway or by the nuclear RNA surveillance machinery. In addition, the CCA‐adding enzyme plays a critical role in determining the fate of a tRNA. The post‐transcriptional addition of CCA to the 3′ ends of stable tRNAs generates the amino acid attachment site, whereas addition of CCACCA to unstable tRNAs prevents aminoacylation and marks the tRNA for degradation. In response to various stresses, tRNAs can accumulate in the nucleus or be further cleaved into small RNAs, some of which inhibit translation. By implementing these various post‐transcriptional control mechanisms, cells are able to fine‐tune tRNA levels to regulate subsets of mRNAs as well as overall translation rates. WIREs RNA 2015, 6:453–470. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1287This article is categorized under:

Translation > Translation Regulation
RNA Processing > tRNA Processing
RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms
Translating Professional Obligations to Care for Patients With Ebola Virus Disease Into Practice in Nonepidemic Settings
Authors: Sugarman Jeremy , Kass Nancy , Rushton Cynda H. , Hughes Mark T. , Kirsch Thomas D. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDetermining how clinicians should meet their professional obligations to treat patients with Ebola virus disease in nonepidemic settings necessitates considering measures to minimize risks to clinicians, the context of care, and fairness. Minimizing risks includes providing appropriate equipment and training, implementing strategies for reducing exposure to infectious material, identifying a small number of centers to provide care, and determining which risky procedures should be used when they pose minimal likelihood of appreciable clinical benefit. Factors associated with the clinical environment, such as the local prevalence of the disease, the nature of the setting, and the availability of effective treatment, are also relevant to obligations to treat. Fairness demands that the best possible medical care be provided for health care professionals who become infected and that the rights and interests of relevant stakeholders be addressed through policy-making processes. Going forward it will be essential to learn from current approaches and to modify them based on data. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:527–530)
New edrioasterine and astrocystitid (Echinodermata: Edrioasteroidea) from the Ninemile Shale (Lower Ordovician), central Nevada
Authors: Sprinkle James , Sumrall Colin D. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe new edrioasterinePseudedriophus guensburgin. gen. n. sp., is described from the Lower Ordovician Ninemile Shale of central Nevada based on three complete to partial small specimens, a well-preserved large ambulacrum, and an isolated ambulacral floor plate. The weathered-out holotype of this edrioasterine exposes the bottom surface of the theca that bears an aboral collar, peduncular stalk, and attachment disk, features that are poorly known in this clade. These specimens were found with a single specimen of a new edrioblastoid,Porosublastus inexpectusn. gen. n. sp., only the second edrioblastoid ever found in the Early Ordovician. Some of the ambulacral cover plates are stripped off one of the ambulacal grooves, revealing new information about how the ambulacra are built in this rare group of bud-shaped edrioasteroids.