bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Health is their heart, their legs, their back’: understanding ageing well in ethnically diverse older men in rural Australia
Authors: RADERMACHER HARRIET , FELDMAN SUSAN 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTOlder men from ethnic minority communities living in a regional town in Australia were identified by a government-funded peak advocacy body as failing to access local health and support services and, more broadly, being at risk of not ageing well. A qualitative study was undertaken to explore the health and wellbeing of ethnic minority men growing older in a rural community, and to identify the barriers they faced in accessing appropriate services from a range of different perspectives. Individual interviews were conducted with key informants (service providers and community leaders), followed by focus groups with older men from four ethnic minority communities. The men in this study showed signs that they were at risk of poor mental and physical health, and experienced significant barriers to accessing health and support services. Furthermore, environmental, technological, social and economic changes have brought challenges for the older men as they age. Despite these challenges, this study demonstrated how work, family and ethnic identity was integral to the lives of these older men, and was, in many ways, a resource. Key informants' perspectives mostly confirmed the experiences of the older men in this study. The discrepancies in their views about the extent of health-promoting behaviour indicate some key areas for future health intervention, services and research.
Time-series analysis of Campylobacter incidence in Switzerland
Authors: WEI W. , SCHÜPBACH G. , HELD L. 
Published: November 2014

SUMMARYCampylobacteriosis has been the most common food-associated notifiable infectious disease in Switzerland since 1995. Contact with and ingestion of raw or undercooked broilers are considered the dominant risk factors for infection. In this study, we investigated the temporal relationship between the disease incidence in humans and the prevalence of Campylobacter in broilers in Switzerland from 2008 to 2012. We use a time-series approach to describe the pattern of the disease by incorporating seasonal effects and autocorrelation. The analysis shows that prevalence of Campylobacter in broilers, with a 2-week lag, has a significant impact on disease incidence in humans. Therefore Campylobacter cases in humans can be partly explained by contagion through broiler meat. We also found a strong autoregressive effect in human illness, and a significant increase of illness during Christmas and New Year's holidays. In a final analysis, we corrected for the sampling error of prevalence in broilers and the results gave similar conclusions.
Antarctic ice velocities from GPS locations logged by seismic stations
Authors: An Meijian , Wiens Douglas , An Chunlei , Shi Guitao , Zhao Yue , Li Yuansheng 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn 2007–08, seismologists began deploying passive seismic stations over much of the Antarctic ice sheet. These stations routinely log their position by navigation-grade global positioning system (GPS) receivers. This location data can be used to track the stations situated on moving ice. For stations along the traverse from Zhongshan station to Dome A in East Antarctica and at the West Antarctic Ice Sheet divide the estimated velocities of the ice surface based on positions recorded by navigation-grade GPS are consistent with those obtained by high-accuracy geodetic GPS. Most of the estimated velocities have an angle difference of <28° with the steepest downhill vector of the ice surface slope at the stations. These results indicate that navigation-grade GPS measurements over several months provide reliable information on ice sheet movement of ≥1 m yr-1. With an uncertainty of ~0.3–1 m yr-1, this method is able to resolve both very slow ice velocities near Dome A and velocities of >100 m yr-1 on Thwaites Glacier. Information on ice velocity at three locations for which no data from satellite-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar are available have also been provided using this method.
Multi-state mark-recapture models as a novel approach to estimate factors affecting attendance patterns of lactating subantarctic fur seals from Marion Island
Authors: Wege M. , Nevoux M. , de Bruyn P.J.N. , Bester M.N. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractObserver-based studies often underestimate key ecological parameters. Here a fresh approach was used to analyse six years (2006–11) of attendance cycles to estimate foraging trip lengths of a lactating flipper-tagged otariid: subantarctic fur seals at Marion Island. Multi-state mark-recapture models were used to calculate detection failures of females, correct estimates accordingly, and investigate the effects of year, season, pup sex and the presence of a telemetry device on attendance cycle parameters. There were no differences between corrected and uncorrected attendance data. This is attributed to the high capture probability across all seasons (range: 83–98%). This illustrates that observer-based studies are useful to augment telemetry studies. Only season and pup sex had a significant impact on female provisioning rates. In winter, foraging trip durations were longer (t-value=25.22,P<0.0001) and attendance durations shorter (t-value=-2.15,P=0.01) than during summer. Females with female pups spent a higher proportion of their time on land (χ2=6.6,P<0.05). Male pups have higher growth demands and are larger which suggests they can deplete female milk-stores faster.
Mass-gathering Health Research Foundational Theory: Part 1 - Population Models for Mass Gatherings
Authors: Lund Adam , Turris Sheila A. , Bowles Ron , Steenkamp Malinda , Hutton Alison , Ranse Jamie , Arbon Paul 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe science underpinning the study of mass-gathering health (MGH) is developing rapidly. Current knowledge fails to adequately inform the understanding of the science of mass gatherings (MGs) because of the lack of theory development and adequate conceptual analysis. Defining populations of interest in the context of MGs is required to permit meaningful comparison and meta-analysis between events.ProcessA critique of existing definitions and descriptions of MGs was undertaken. Analyzing gaps in current knowledge, the authors sought to delineate the populations affected by MGs, employing a consensus approach to formulating a population model. The proposed conceptual model evolved through face-to-face group meetings, structured breakout sessions, asynchronous collaboration, and virtual international meetings.Findings and InterpretationReporting on the incidence of health conditions at specific MGs, and comparing those rates between and across events, requires a common understanding of the denominators, or the total populations in question. There are many, nested populations to consider within a MG, such as the population of patients, the population of medical services providers, the population of attendees/audience/participants, the crew, contractors, staff, and volunteers, as well as the population of the host community affected by, but not necessarily attending, the event.A pictorial representation of a basic population model was generated, followed by a more complex representation, capturing a global-health perspective, as well as academically- and operationally-relevant divisions in MG populations.ConclusionsConsistent definitions of MG populations will support more rigorous data collection. This, in turn, will support meta-analysis and pooling of data sources internationally, creating a foundation for risk assessment as well as illness and injury prediction modeling. Ultimately, more rigorous data collection will support methodology for evaluating health promotion, harm reduction, and clinical-response interventions at MGs. Delineating MG populations progresses the current body of knowledge of MGs and informs the understanding of the full scope of their health effects.LundA, TurrisSA, BowlesR, SteenkampM, HuttonA, RanseJ, ArbonP. Mass-gathering health research foundational theory: part 1 - population models for mass gatherings. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(6):1-7.
Mass-gathering Health Research Foundational Theory: Part 2 - Event Modeling for Mass Gatherings
Authors: Turris Sheila A. , Lund Adam , Hutton Alison , Bowles Ron , Ellerson Elizabeth , Steenkamp Malinda , Ranse Jamie , Arbon Paul 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundCurrent knowledge about mass-gathering health (MGH) fails to adequately inform the understanding of mass gatherings (MGs) because of a relative lack of theory development and adequate conceptual analysis. This report describes the development of a series of event lenses that serve as a beginning “MG event model,” complimenting the “MG population model” reported elsewhere.MethodsExisting descriptions of “MGs” were considered. Analyzing gaps in current knowledge, the authors sought to delineate the population of events being reported. Employing a consensus approach, the authors strove to capture the diversity, range, and scope of MG events, identifying common variables that might assist researchers in determining when events are similar and might be compared. Through face-to-face group meetings, structured breakout sessions, asynchronous collaboration, and virtual international meetings, a conceptual approach to classifying and describing events evolved in an iterative fashion.FindingsEmbedded within existing literature are a variety of approaches to event classification and description. Arising from these approaches, the authors discuss the interplay between event demographics, event dynamics, and event design. Specifically, the report details current understandings about event types, geography, scale, temporality, crowd dynamics, medical support, protective factors, and special hazards. A series of tables are presented to model the different analytic lenses that might be employed in understanding the context of MG events.InterpretationThe development of an event model addresses a gap in the current body of knowledgevisavisunderstanding and reporting the full scope of the health effects related to MGs. Consistent use of a consensus-based event model will support more rigorous data collection. This in turn will support meta-analysis, create a foundation for risk assessment, allow for the pooling of data for illness and injury prediction, and support methodology for evaluating health promotion, harm reduction, and clinical response interventions at MGs.TurrisSA,LundA,HuttonA,BowlesR,EllersonE,SteenkampM,RanseJ,ArbonP.Mass-gathering health research foundational theory: part 2 - event modeling for mass gatherings.Prehosp Disaster Med.2014;29(6):1-9.
Differential Focal and Nonfocal Prospective Memory Accuracy in a Demographically Diverse Group of Nondemented Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Chi Susan Y. , Rabin Laura A. , Aronov Avner , Fogel Joshua , Kapoor Ashu , Wang Cuiling 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAlthough prospective memory (PM) is compromised in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), it is unclear which specific cognitive processes underlie these PM difficulties. We investigated older adults’ performance on a computerized event-based focal versus nonfocal PM task that made varying demands on the amount of attentional control required to support intention retrieval. Participants were nondemented individuals (mean age=81.8 years; female=66.1%) enrolled in a community-based longitudinal study, including those with amnestic MCI (aMCI), nonamnestic MCI (naMCI), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and healthy controls (HC). Participants included in the primary analysis (n=189) completed the PM task and recalled and/or recognizedbothfocal and nonfocal PM cues presented in the task. Participants and their informants also completed a questionnaire assessing everyday PM failures. Relative to HC, those with aMCI and naMCI were significantly impaired in focal PM accuracy (p<.05). In a follow-up analysis that included 13 additional participants who successfully recalled and/or recognizedat leastone of the two PM cues, the naMCI group showed deficits in nonfocal PM accuracy (p<.05). There was a significant negative correlation between informant reports of PM difficulties and nonfocal PM accuracy (p<.01). PM failures in aMCI may be primarily related to impairment of spontaneous retrieval processes associated with the medial temporal lobe system, while PM failures in naMCI potentially indicate additional deficits in executive control functions and prefrontal systems. The observed focal versus nonfocal PM performance profiles in aMCI and naMCI may constitute specific behavioral markers of PM decline that result from compromise of separate neurocognitive systems. (JINS, 2014,20, 1–13)
Expensing e-books: how much should patron habit influence collection development?
Authors: Luther Cottrell Terrance , Bell Brigitte 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this article is explore the difficulties in managing print and e-book expenditures in today’s libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
– The basis for this article stems from conflicting data showing patrons desiring to read more e-books versus print books at the beginning of the very e-book movement, and more recent studies showing this trend plateauing while e-book reading device purchasing increases.

Findings
– Two different phenomena may be occurring in tandem or separately in this case: less people are reading while having increased capacity to read e-books; libraries are adding more e-book content while print book reading is not falling off as fast as previously anticipated.

Originality/value
– E-book expense allocations are far from an exact science. Library budget managers are in need for continued research and insight to guide decision-making. This article adds to extant research in this area providing support for a “wait-and-see” approach toward spending on e-books.
Onboarding to improve library retention and productivity
Authors: D. Hall-Ellis Sylvia 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this column is to examine the onboarding process and its importance for new hires. A well-designed and coordinated onboarding process assimilates new employees into the organization and equips them with the tools and resources needed for professional and personal success.

Design/methodology/approach
– Recognizing the importance of prudent expenditures within tight budgets, decreasing the time and money for new hires can result in reduced duplication of efforts, accelerating the time to productivity and increasing the satisfaction levels and retention potential among new employees.

Findings
– The column highlights five steps that a library administrator can take to design and implement an effective onboarding process.

Originality/value
– Original opinion piece.
Attitude and behaviour change – it takes a generation
Authors: Russell Naomi , Taylor Jennifer 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the work of the Children and Young People's Programme of Time to Change, which is England's biggest campaign to end the stigma and discrimination that surrounds mental health.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper draws upon research into the nature and effects of mental health stigma and discrimination on young people and also outlines the strategy of the Time to Change campaign and its initial outcomes.

Findings
– The paper includes testimonies from young people with lived experience of mental health problems about the stigma and discrimination they have faced. It also outlines the aims, objectives and stages of implementation of the Time to Change Children and Young People's Programme. The paper particularly focuses on the campaign work undertaken in secondary schools, the social leadership programme for young people with lived experience of mental health problems and the process of designing effective campaign messaging for social media.

Originality/value
– Time to Change is England's biggest campaign to end the stigma and discrimination that surrounds mental health. This paper provides a unique insight into the process of developing and rolling out an anti-stigma campaign for young people.
The Impact of Pillar II Funding: Validation from a Modelling and Evaluation Perspective
Authors: Schroeder Lilli Aline , Gocht Alexander , Britz Wolfgang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe extend the Common Agricultural Policy Regionalised Impact Modelling System (CAPRI) with a regional computational general equilibrium (CGE) model to estimate the effects of the Pillar II of the Common Agricultural Policy. Our aim is to assess the modeling approach by comparing the scenario results with observations from the evaluation reports for rural development, supplemented with expert interviews and findings from the literature. For this purpose, an ex‐post scenario is developed for Germany that models the effect of the Pillar II measures in 2006. We observe a moderate impact, namely, an increase in agricultural income (5%) and agricultural land use (0.15%), particularly grassland, and a substitution of arable land with grassland. This effect leads to a total increase in agricultural production, particularly of beef, and to an increase in total greenhouse gas emissions and total nitrogen surplus for Germany. Greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient surpluses per ha, however, are reduced. We observe that farm investment programmes displace private investment. The evaluation reports confirm the moderate impact and our major results, as does the comparison with other literature. However, the conclusions about agri‐environment measures and their impact on income differ. The most important difference between our results and the evaluation reports and majority of the present literature is that we also quantify the joint effect between the whole economy and policy measures, with some contradictory effects.
Henry Barrett: pioneer paediatric surgeon
Authors: Koea Jonathan B. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundHenry Barrett worked as a general surgeon in New Plymouth, New Zealand between 1939 and 1978. In this time, he made significant contributions to the development of paediatric surgery in New Zealand.MethodsHenry Barrett's archive and personal papers remain in the possession of his family. These described his pioneering operations first hand.ResultsIn an 18‐month period from 1947 to 1948, in New Plymouth small provincial hospital, Henry Barrett successfully completed the first primary repair of an oesophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula in the Southern Hemisphere and the second and third successful ligations of patent ductus arteriosus in New Zealand. All three patients survived into adulthood.ConclusionHenry Barrett pioneered the undertaking of two complex paediatric surgical procedures in New Zealand. These operations were performed without specialist paediatric support at a time when procedures for these conditions, particularly patent ductus arteriosus, were viewed with suspicion.
Support to parents with cognitive limitations: parental abilities and social participation
Authors: Milot Élise , Turcotte Daniel , Tétreault Sylvie 
Published: November 2014

Accessible summary

Some adults with cognitive limitations choose to become parents.

Parents with cognitive limitations can receive support to help them meet a child's needs.

Different types of support exist such as educational support.

The aim of this study was to explore the different types of support that parents with cognitive limitations might need.

SummaryIn several countries, a growing number of adults with cognitive limitations decide to become parents. However, exercising this right requires the implementation of measures and services that foster their ability to assume parental responsibilities. This study presents results collected in an exploratory study documenting the type of support parents with cognitive limitations may need to play their parental role efficiently and be active members of their community. Data come from semi‐structured interviews conducted with 27 professionals and 9 parents with cognitive limitations. Nine types of support were identified from the data collected. Some issues associated with the delivery of such supports are discussed.
Allopurinol treatment improves renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic hyperuricemia: 3‐year randomized parallel‐controlled study
Authors: Liu Peng , Chen Yingying , Wang Bin , Zhang Fengmei , Wang Debao , Wang Yangang 
Published: November 2014

SummaryObjectiveTo investigate the effects of long‐term effective control of serum uric acid on renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic hyperuricemia.MethodsApplication of randomized open parallel‐controlled methods, a total of 176 patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic hyperuricemia were selected, and was randomly divided into two groups for allopurinol or conventional treatments, respectively. Changes in urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), the levels of serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the incidence of new‐onset diabetic nephropathy (DN) and hypertension in patients before and after 3 years of treatment were measured and compared between groups.ResultsThere were no statistically significant difference in the baseline clinical characteristics of study participants between two treatment groups (P > 0·05 for all). After 3 years of treatment, compared to the conventional treatment, the allopurinol treatment was more effective in reducing serum uric acid, UAER, serum creatinine (P < 0·01 for all) and increasing GFR (P < 0·01). The intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis indicated that the incidence of new‐onset DN and hypertension in the allopurinol group showed a declining trend compared to that in the conventional treatment group, despite a lack of significant difference (P > 0·05).ConclusionLong‐term effective control of serum uric acid can decrease UAER and serum creatinine, increase GFR and may exert kidney protection effects in patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
Aortic stiffness increases in proportion to the severity of apnoea–hypopnea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
Authors: Çörtük Mustafa , Akyol Selahattin , Baykan Ahmet O. , Kiraz Kemal , Uçar Hakan , Çaylı Murat , Kandiş Hayati 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsObstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA) and aortic stiffness are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although aortic stiffness increased in patients with OSA, the relationship between severity of OSA indicated with apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) and aortic stiffness was not investigated in previous studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the severity of OSA and aortic stiffness.MethodsIn the present study, 90 consecutive OSA patients definite diagnosed with sleep test were prospectively included (mean age 54.5 ± 11.6 years). Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx) were calculated using the single‐point method via the Mobil‐O‐Graph® ARCsolver algorithm. Aortic distensibility (AD) was calculated from the echocardiographically derived ascending aorta diameters and haemodynamic pressure measurements. Overnight full‐laboratory polysomnography examination was conducted on each subject. Patients were classified into two groups according to their median AHI values (AHIlow and AHIhigh groups).ResultsPWV values were higher and AD values were lower in AHIhigh group compared with AHIlow group (P < 0.05, for all). AHI was associated with body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, aortic diameter, AD, AIx and PWV in bivariate analysis (P < 0.05, for all). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that AHI was independently associated with BMI (β = 0.175, P = 0.047), PWV (β = 0.521, P < 0.001) and aortic distensibility (β = −0.223, P = 0.020).ConclusionsAortic stiffness is associated both with the presence and the severity of OSA.