bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial of prophylactic palifermin on gastrointestinal toxicity after intensive induction therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Bradstock Kenneth F. , Link Emma , Collins Marnie , Di Iulio Juliana , Lewis Ian D. , Schwarer Anthony , Enno Arno , Marlton Paula , Hahn Uwe , Szer Jeff , Cull Gavin , Seymour John F. ,   the Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group
Published: August 2014

SummaryGastrointestinal toxicity, including oral mucositis, is a frequent complication of intensive combination chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and contributes substantially to treatment‐related mortality. We conducted a placebo‐controlled randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of palifermin (keratinocyte growth factor), given at 60 μg/kg per daily IV for 3 d before and after chemotherapy, for mucosal protection in adult patients with previously untreated AML receiving induction therapy with idarubicin, high‐dose cytarabine and etoposide. Among 155 randomized patients, there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of grade 3 and 4 oral mucositis (primary study endpoint) between the two treatment arms (three in palifermin arm (4%), 8 in placebo arm (10%; P = 0·21); however, when considering the severity of oral mucositis (World Health Organization grade 0–4), there was evidence of reduced rates of higher grades of oral mucositis in the palifermin arm (P = 0·0007, test for trend). There was a statistically significantly lower rate of grades 3 and 4 gastrointestinal adverse events in the palifermin arm (21% vs. 44% in placebo arm; P = 0·003), mainly due to a reduction in severe diarrhoea (8% palifermin, 26% placebo; P = 0·01). Palifermin has activity as a mucosal protectant in AML patients receiving intensive chemotherapy. This trial is registered at ACTRN012605000095662.
Wheat allergy in children – new tools for diagnostics
Authors: Mäkelä M. J. , Eriksson C. , Kotaniemi‐Syrjänen A. , Palosuo K. , Marsh J. , Borres M. , Kuitunen M. , Pelkonen A. S. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackgroundThe detection of wheat‐specific IgE in children often leads to a suspicion of wheat allergy, but little information is available on the most reliable wheat allergens for predicting clinical reactivity.ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of allergenic components of wheat in wheat allergy diagnostics.MethodsOne hundred and eight children (median age 1.5 years; range 0.6–17.3 years) with suspected wheat allergy underwent open or double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled oral wheat challenges. Responsiveness to different allergenic components of wheat was studied by skin prick tests and by determination of serum IgE antibodies using a semi‐quantitative microarray assay.ResultsThirty (28%) children reacted with immediate symptoms, and 27 (25%) with delayed symptoms to ingested wheat, whereas 51 (47%) children exhibited no reactions in oral wheat challenges. Positive IgE responses to any of the 12 allergenic components of wheat was seen in 93%, 41%, and 43% of those with immediate, delayed or no reactions to ingested wheat, respectively (P < 0.001 to P < 0.05 in every comparisons between those with immediate reactions and those with no reactions). Positive IgE responses to ≥5 different allergenic components improved significantly the diagnostic accuracy (with a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 5.10). Alpha‐amylase inhibitors (AAI), in particular dimeric AAI 0.19 (LR+ 6.12), alpha‐, beta‐, and gamma‐gliadins (LR+ from 3.57 to 4.53), and high‐molecular‐weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (LR+ 4.37) were the single allergenic components of wheat differentiating most effectively those with immediate symptoms from those who did not exhibit any reactions.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceWheat allergy diagnostics is difficult, even using sophisticated component methods. Our results confirm earlier findings about gliadins and identify the dimeric AAI 0.19, as a relevant allergen in clinically reactive patients when compared to non‐reactive subjects. The accuracy of wheat allergy diagnosis may be improved by measuring IgE responses to several components of wheat.
Immunotherapy with B cell epitopes ameliorates inflammatory responses in Balb/c mice
Authors: Sharma P , Gaur S N , Arora N 
Published: August 2014

SummaryOsmotin, a protein from the pathogenesis-related family (PR-5), has been identified as an allergen based on in-silico and in-vitro studies. In the present study, three B cell epitopes of osmotin with single and double amino acid modifications were studied for immunotherapy in a murine model. The single-modification peptides (P-1-1, P-2-1 and P-3-1) and double-modification peptides (P-1-2, P-2-2 and P-3-2) showed significantly lower immunoglobulin (Ig)E binding with patients' sera compared to osmotin (P &lt; 0·01). These peptides showed reduced IgE binding compared to the unmodified peptides (B cell epitopes) P-1, P-2 and P-3. Among the modified peptides, P-2-1, P-3-1, P-2-2 and P-3-2 showed significant reduction in IgE binding and were used for immunotherapy in mice. The sera of mice group treated with peptides showed a significant increase in IgG2a level and a significant decrease in IgE and IgG1 levels (P &lt; 0·05). The mice that received peptide immunotherapy showed a shift from a T helper type 2 (Th2) to Th1 type where interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-10 levels were elevated, with a significant increase in groups treated with peptides P-3-1 and P-3-2 (P &lt; 0·05). There was a reduction in the IL-4 and IL-5 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the peptide-treated mice groups. Total cell count and eosinophil count in BALF of the peptide-treated groups was also reduced compared to the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group. Lung histology showed a significant reduction in cellular infiltrate in mice treated with P-2-2 and P-3-2 compared to PBS. In conclusion, peptides P-2-2 and P-3-2 lowered inflammatory responses and induced a Th1 response in mice.
Peri‐implant bone organization surrounding zirconia‐microgrooved surfaces circularly polarized light and confocal laser scanning microscopy study
Authors: Delgado‐Ruiz Rafael Arcesio , Abboud Marcus , Romanos Georgios , Aguilar‐Salvatierra Antonio , Gomez‐Moreno Gerardo , Calvo‐Guirado Jose Luis 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo study the peri‐implant bone organization pattern of immediately loaded (IL) zirconia implants with microgrooved surfaces.Materials and MethodsForty‐eight dental implants of 4 mm diameter and 10 mm length were inserted after two months postextraction healing in the edentulous mandible of six dogs. Three groups of sixteen implants were used, titanium implants (Control), zirconia implants (test A), and zirconia‐microgrooved implants (test B), which were loaded immediately. After 4‐month healing period, implant–bone samples were processed and analyzed by circularly polarized light (CPL) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in two regions of interest ROI1 (to evaluate the interthread bone) and ROI2 (to evaluate the bone adjacent to the threads) of 1 mm thickness × 10 mm length each one.ResultsBone organization differs near to the test B, compared with test A and control surfaces, active remodeling was detected surrounding test B implants, with alternancy of organized zones, meanwhile controls and test A areas showed organized areas mainly at 2 mm of implant surfaces. Transverse collagen fibers were significatively higher at ROI1 for test B implants (60.34 ± 4.34%), compared with controls (47.25 ± 3.51%) and test A (43.78 ± 2.78%) groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, it was not found any significant difference between groups in ROI2 (P > 0.05). CLSM confirmed the presence of collagen mineralized matrix inside microgrooves of test B groups. 3D reconstruction showed blood vessels in direct contact with the implant surfaces of all groups and bone and blood vessels penetration inside the microgrooves in test B group.ConclusionThe organized pattern of the microgrooved surfaces is able to induce transverse collagen fiber microenvironment reaction to the load, being positive to promote and to maintain the bone remodeling; in addition blood vessels and bone cells are able to penetrate microgrooved surfaces.
Occupational contact dermatitis caused by D‐limonene
Authors: Pesonen Maria , Suomela Sari , Kuuliala Outi , Henriks‐Eckerman Maj‐Len , Aalto‐Korte Kristiina 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackgroundLimonene is widely used as a fragrance substance and solvent in cleansing products. Oxidized limonene is a frequent contact allergen among consumers of cosmetics, personal care products, and scented household cleaning products. Less is known about the sources of occupational exposure and occupational contact dermatitis caused by limonene.ObjectiveTo report 14 patients with occupational contact allergy to limonene.MethodsThe patients were examined in 2008–2013. An in‐house preparation of oxidized limonene was patch tested as 3% and 5% in petrolatum from 2008 to August 2010, and after this as 3%, 1% and 0.3% pet. From 2012 onwards, a commercial test substance of limonene hydroperoxides was also used. We assessed the patients' occupational and domestic exposure to limonene.ResultsOccupational limonene allergy was observed in workers who used limonene‐containing machine‐cleaning detergents and hand cleansers, and in workers who used limonene‐containing surface cleaners and dishwashing liquids similar to those used by consumers. In 3 cases, the occupational limonene allergy resulted from work‐related use of limonene‐containing, leave‐on cosmetic products.ConclusionsLimonene is a frequent occupational sensitizer in hand cleansers and cleaning products. Occupational limonene contact allergy may also be caused by exposure to cosmetic products scented with limonene.
Sexual concerns among kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Muehrer Rebecca J. , Lanuza Dorothy M. , Brown Roger L. , Djamali Arjang 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the specific sexual concerns of kidney transplant (KTx) recipients. The primary objectives of this study were to: (i) describe the importance of sexuality to KTx recipients; (ii) investigate the sexual concerns of KTx recipients; and (iii) examine the relationship between sexual concerns and quality of life (QOL). A secondary objective was to examine potential sexual concern differences by gender, pre‐transplant dialysis status, and donor type.MethodsThis study employed a cross‐sectional, descriptive, correlational design. Sexual concerns were identified using the Sexual Concerns Questionnaire, which contains seven subscales. QOL was measured with the SF‐8 and the QOL Uniscale.ResultsNearly 73% of subjects rated sexuality as important. Subscales indicating highest area of sexual concerns were communication with healthcare providers about sexuality (Mean (M) = 2.70) and sexual pleasure concerns (M = 2.45). Higher concern ratings regarding health consequences of sexual activity, quality of sexual relationship, sexual pleasure, sexual functioning problems, and pessimistic beliefs about treatment were significantly, inversely related to QOL. Women had significantly higher scores on the Sexual Pleasure and Communication with Healthcare Providers subscales than men.ConclusionsThis study reports the sexual concerns of KTx recipients' who are an average of four yr since surgery, and the relationship of these concerns to QOL.
Response to GEMOX plus erlotinib in pancreatic cancer is associated with ERCC1 overexpression
Authors: Fuereder Thorsten , Stift Judith , Kuehrer Irene , Stranzl Nadja , Hoeflmayer Doris , Kornek Gabriela , Scheithauer Werner 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIntroductionThere are no data about the efficacy of gemcitabine in combination with oxaliplatin (GEMOX) and erlotinib for the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). Thus, we performed this retrospective analysis in mPC patients to investigate the activity and safety of GEMOX plus erlotinib and correlated the benefit with ERCC1 expression, a potential biomarker for treatment response.Patients and methodsPatients with untreated mPC receiving off‐protocol GEMOX plus erlotinib were included. Data collection included baseline demographic, response and toxicity data as well as PFS and OS. Additionally, immunohistochemistry was performed to stain for ERCC1 expression.ResultsA total of 51 patients were included. The median age was 62 years and the median ECOG performance score was 1 (range, 0–1). Objective response or disease stabilization was achieved in 54% of the patients. The median PFS was 4·4 months (95% CI 4·4–5·4) and median OS was 8·5 months (95% CI 6·1–10·9). The 27 patients, who benefited from this regimen, had a median PFS of 6·7, a median OS of 11·2 months and an overexpression of ERCC1 (histoscore 10, P ≤ 0·05) compared to nonresponders (histoscore 7·2). Myelosuppression was the most frequent side effect. The most common severe nonhematological toxicities were diarrhoea and skin toxicity in six (12%) patients each.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the combination of GEMOX plus erlotinib is safe and active in about half of the patients. Patients, who had a higher ERCC1 staining pattern, benefited most from this therapy. Prospective biomarker studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Stage‐dependent C‐reflex, pain‐like behavior and opioid analgesia during the induction of chronic arthritis in rats
Authors: Alvarez Pedro , Hernández Alejandro , Constandil Luis , Infante Claudio , Pelissier Teresa 
Published: August 2014

AbstractChronic arthritis (CA) is a common clinical entity associated with persistent pain and limited response to opioid analgesic therapy. However, it is unknown whether these features of CA change depending on its stage of evolution. To address this, in a well‐established animal model of CA we studied the time course of electromyographic responses to electrical stimulation of C fibers (C‐reflex), pain‐like behavior as a response to mechanical nociceptive stimulation, and the inhibition of both responses by a prototypic opioid analgesic, morphine. To induce CA, rats received a single injection of complete Freund's adjuvant into the ankle joint and the C‐reflex responses to electrical stimuli or the nociceptive response to paw pressure test were studied 2, 4 or 6 weeks later. The C‐reflexes evoked by threshold and supra‐threshold electrical stimulation exhibited progressive increases together with enhancement of the nociceptive behavior to mechanical stimulation during induction of monoarthritis. Notably, while systemic morphine produced antinociceptive effects upon both experimental approaches, the effects were markedly reduced during the early stages of CA but enhanced at later stages. These data indicate that C‐reflex and pain‐like responses evolve in parallel, and are inhibited by morphine in a stage‐dependent manner through the induction of CA. The present results may contribute to explain the enhanced pain response and variable analgesic efficacy of opioids that characterize arthritic pain in humans.
Incidence, risk factors, etiology, severity and short‐term outcome of non‐traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in young adults
Authors: Koivunen R.‐J. , Satopää J. , Meretoja A. , Strbian D. , Haapaniemi E. , Niemelä M. , Tatlisumak T. , Putaala J. 
Published: August 2014

Background and purposeIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common and severe form of stroke but is scarcely studied in young adults. Our aim was to study risk factors, clinical presentation and early mortality of ICH in the young and compare these features with older patients.MethodsAll consecutive patients aged between 16 and 49 diagnosed with a first‐ever ICH at the Departments of Neurology or Neurosurgery of the Helsinki University Central Hospital between January 2000 and March 2010 (n = 336) were analyzed retrospectively. Comparisons were performed amongst demographic subgroups and with patients over 49 years of age enrolled between January 2005 and March 2010 (n = 921).ResultsIn the young patients, median age was 42 years (interquartile range 34–47), 59.5% were male, and annual incidence was 4.9 (95% confidence interval 4.5–5.3) per 100 000. The most prevalent risk factors were hypertension (29.8%) and smoking (22.3%). Compared with older patients hypertensive microangiopathy was less common (25.0% vs. 34.3%, P = 0.002) and structural lesions more common (25.0% vs. 4.9%, P < 0.001) assumed etiologies of ICH. The cause remained elusive in 32.1% of all young patients and in 22.5% of those who underwent magnetic resonance imaging and any angiography (n = 89, P = 0.023). Three‐month mortality rate was lower in young patients compared with older ones (17.0% vs. 32.7%, P < 0.001). Hematoma volumes were similar across all ages (P = 0.324) and independently predicted mortality in older patients but not in the young.ConclusionsIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the young appears less fatal and has a different spectrum of causes and factors associated with short‐term mortality than for the elderly.
Classifying fishers' behaviour. An invitation to fishing styles
Authors: Boonstra Wiebren J , Hentati‐Sundberg Jonas 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe study and classification of fishers' behaviour remains a much debated topic. There is a tension between detailed empirical studies, which highlight the variety and diversity of fisheries, and the parsimony and generalization required to satisfy science and policy demands. This study contributes to this debate. The first section reviews quantitative methods currently used for classifying fishing practices. The review uncovers significant weaknesses in quantitative classification methods, which, we argue, can be improved through the complementary use of qualitative methods. To this purpose, we introduce the concept of ‘fishing style’, which integrates quantitative classification methods with qualitative analysis. We explain the scientific premises of the fishing‐style concept, outline a general methodological framework and present a fishing‐style analysis of Swedish Baltic Sea fisheries. Based on these results, we conclude that it is possible to classify fishing practices in a relatively uniform and limited number of styles that can highlight the rich, empirical diversity of fishers' behaviour. We therefore propose that fishing‐style analysis, based on an integration of quantitative and qualitative methods, can be an important step towards more effective and sustainable fisheries management.
Early radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy improves cancer‐specific survival only in patients with highly aggressive prostate cancer: Validation of recently released criteria
Authors: Gandaglia Giorgio , Karakiewicz Pierre I , Briganti Alberto , Trudeau Vincent , Trinh Quoc‐Dien , Kim Simon P , Montorsi Francesco , Nguyen Paul L , Abdollah Firas , Sun Maxine 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesTo test the effect of radiotherapy administered within 6 months after radical prostatectomy on cancer‐specific mortality in prostate cancer patients after stratification according to a risk score.MethodsOverall, 7616 patients with pT3/4 N0/1 prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy between 1995 and 2009 within the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Medicare‐linked database were included in the study. Competing‐risks regression models were carried out to test the effect of early radiotherapy on cancer‐specific mortality in the entire cohort, and after stratifying patients according to the risk score based on the number and nature of adverse pathological characteristics (Gleason score 8–10; pT3b/4, lymph node invasion).ResultsThe risk score was associated with increasing 5‐ and 10‐year cancer‐specific mortality rates (P < 0.001). When considering only patients with a risk score ≥ 2, 5‐ and 10‐year cancer‐specific mortality rates were significantly lower for individuals undergoing early radiotherapy compared with their counterparts not receiving early radiotherapy (2.9 and 6.9 vs 5.7 and 16.2%, respectively; P = 0.002). The corresponding number required to treat to prevent one death from prostate cancer at 10‐year follow up was 10. Early radiotherapy was not associated with lower cancer‐specific mortality rates overall and in patients with a risk score <2. This was confirmed in multivariable analyses, where early radiotherapy decreased the risk of cancer‐specific mortality only in patients with a risk score ≥ 2 (P ≤ 0.02).ConclusionsThe presence of two or more of the following pathological features might be used to identify patients who benefit from early radiotherapy: Gleason score 8–10, pT3b/4 and lymph node invasion.
Water Sorption, Solubility, and Color Stability of Giomer Restoratives
Authors: Gonulol Nihan , Ozer Sezin , Sen Tunc Emine 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectivesThis study compared the color stability, water sorption, and solubility of a giomer composite and two nanohybrid composite resins.Materials and MethodsDisc‐shaped specimens (1‐mm thickness × 15‐mm diameter) of a giomer (Beautifil II, Shofu, Kyoto, Japan) and two nanohybrid (Filtek Z550, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA; Tetric N‐Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) composites (N = 10) were prepared. Baseline color measurements were taken, and specimens were immersed in water for 28 days. Following immersion, color values were remeasured, and color‐change values (ΔE) were calculated. Water sorption and solubility were assessed by mass gain or loss after storage in water for 28 days. Data were analyzed with one‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's post‐hoc tests (p = 0.05). Pearson's correlation test was used to assess possible correlations between water sorption and solubility, water sorption and color stability, and solubility and color stability (p = 0.05).ResultsWater sorbtion (%) and color change (ΔE) varied significantly among groups, with Beautifil II exhibiting the highest values (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in water solubility values among the groups (p = 0.661); however, a linear, positive correlation was detected between solubility and discoloration (r = 0.368, p = 0.046).ConclusionWater sorption and discoloration values of the giomer composite group were significantly higher than those of the nanohybrids tested.Clinical SignificanceThe high levels of water sorption and discoloration of giomer composites are likely to have an adverse effect on esthetic restorations.