bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue motion annular displacement of the mitral valve using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography predicts the left ventricular ejection fraction in normal children
Authors: Black David E , Bryant Jen , Peebles Charles , Godfrey Keith M , Hanson Mark , Vettukattil Joseph J 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackground:The gold standard for determining the left ventricular ejection fraction is cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Other parameters for determining the ejection fraction such as M-mode echocardiography are operator-dependant and often inaccurate. Assessment of the displacement of the mitral valve annulus using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography may provide an accurate and simple method of determining the left ventricular ejection fraction in children.Method:We retrospectively studied 70 healthy 9-year-old children with no history of cardiovascular disease who had been assessed using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. Mitral displacement was determined using the tissue motion annular displacement (TMAD) feature of Philips QLAB version 9. The midpoint displacement of the mitral valve was calculated, and the predicted left ventricular ejection fraction was compared with magnetic resonance imaging-derived and M-mode-derived ejection fractions.Results:The mean ejection fraction derived from magnetic resonance imaging (64.5 (4.6)) was similar to that derived from the TMAD midpoint (60.9 (2.7), p = 0.001) and the M-mode (61.9 (7), p = 0.012). The TMAD midpoint correlated strongly with the magnetic resonance imaging-derived ejection fraction (r = 0.69, p < 0.001), as did the predicted fraction (r = 0.67, p < 0.001). The M-mode ejection fraction showed a poor linear correlation with both magnetic resonance imaging-derived and TMAD-derived fractions (r = 0.33 and 0.04, respectively).Conclusion:TMAD of the mitral valve is a simple, effective, and highly reproducible method of assessing the ejection fraction in normal children. It shows a strong linear correlation with magnetic resonance imaging-derived ejection fraction and is superior to M-mode-derived ejection fractions.
Food consumption, physical activity and socio-economic status related to BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio in adolescents
Authors: Abreu Sandra , Santos Rute , Moreira Carla , Santos Paula Clara , Mota Jorge , Moreira Pedro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between obesity and food group intakes, physical activity and socio-economic status in adolescents.DesignA cross-sectional study was carried out in 2008. Cole's cut-off points were used to categorize BMI. Abdominal obesity was defined by a waist circumference at or above the 90th percentile, as well as a waist-to-height ratio at or above 0·500. Diet was evaluated using an FFQ, and the food group consumption was categorized using sex-specific tertiles of each food group amount. Physical activity was assessed via a self-report questionnaire. Socio-economic status was assessed referring to parental education and employment status. Data were analysed separately for girls and boys and the associations among food consumption, physical activity, socio-economic status and BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were evaluated using logistic regression analysis, adjusting the results for potential confounders.SettingPublic schools in the Azorean Archipelago, Portugal.SubjectsAdolescents (n 1209) aged 15–18 years.ResultsAfter adjustment, in boys, higher intake of ready-to-eat cereals was a negative predictor while vegetables were a positive predictor of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Active boys had lower odds of abdominal obesity compared with inactive boys. Boys whose mother showed a low education level had higher odds of abdominal obesity compared with boys whose mother presented a high education level. Concerning girls, higher intake of sweets and pastries was a negative predictor of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Girls in tertile 2 of milk intake had lower odds of abdominal obesity than those in tertile 1. Girls whose father had no relationship with employment displayed higher odds of abdominal obesity compared with girls whose father had high employment status.ConclusionsWe have found that different measures of obesity have distinct associations with food group intakes, physical activity and socio-economic status.
Antarctica and supercontinental evolution: clues and puzzles
Authors: Dalziel Ian W. D. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTAntarctica has been known as the “keypiece” of the Gondwana supercontinent since publication of Du Toit's 1937 classic bookOur Wandering Continents. It is also important to reconstruction of the early Neoproterozoic supercontinent Rodinia. Laurentia, with its circumferential late Precambrian rifted margins, can be regarded as the ‘keypiece’ of Rodinia. TheSouthwest US–EastAntarctica (SWEAT) hypothesis suggested former juxtaposition of the Pacific margins of Laurentia and East Antarctica. Several new lines of evidence support this hypothesis in a revised form, but must be reconciled with opening of the Pacific Ocean basin predating amalgamation, not only of Gondwana, but even of today's East Antarctic craton. The sequence of events is envisaged to have been: (1) formation prior to 1·6 Ga of a craton, including Laurentia and the Mawson craton, that extended from South Australia along the present Transantarctic margin to the Shackleton Range; (2) suturing of southernmost Laurentia to the Kalahari craton along the Grenville, Namaqua–Natal–Maud orogenic belt ca. 1·0 Ga; (3) rifting of the East Antarctic margin (Mawson craton) from western Laurentia ca. 0·7 Ga; (4) pan-African suturing of the Mawson craton to southernmost Laurentia as Gondwana amalgamated, forming the ephemeral Pannotia supercontinent; and (5) end-Precambrian separation of Laurentia as Iapetus opened.
Future progress in Antarctic science: improving data care, sharing and collaboration
Authors: Cooper Alan K. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTData are the foundation of modern observational science. High-quality science relies on high quality data. In Antarctica, unlike elsewhere, researchers must disperse data and conduct science differently. They must work within the laws enacted under Antarctic Treaty that defines Antarctica as a continent for peace and science, where data sharing and international collaboration are requisite keystones. Scientists also work under oversight guidance of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). In the last decade, rapid technological advances and vast increase in digital data volumes have changed the ways data are acquired, communicated, analysed, displayed and reported. Yet, the underlying science culture in which data are funded, utilised and cared for has changed little. Science-culture changes are needed for greater progress in Antarctic science.We briefly summarise and discuss aspects of Antarctic ‘data care’, which is a subset of data management. We offer perceptions on how changes to some aspects of current science-culture could inspire greater data sharing and international collaboration, to achieve greater success. The changes would place greater emphasis on data visualisation, higher national priority on data care, implementation of a data-library concept for data sharing, greater individual responsibility for data care, and further integration of cultural arts into data and science presentations.Much effort has gone into data management in the international community, and there are many excellent examples of successful collaborative Antarctic science programs within SCAR built on existing data sets. Yet, challenges in data care remain and specific suggestions we make deserve attention by the science community, to further promote peace and progress in Antarctic science.
The links between large igneous provinces, continental break-up and environmental change: evidence reviewed from Antarctica
Authors: Storey Bryan C. , Vaughan Alan P. M. , Riley Teal R. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTEarth history is punctuated by events during which large volumes of predominantly mafic magmas were generated and emplaced by processes that are generally accepted as being, unrelated to ‘normal’ sea-floor spreading and subduction processes. These events form large igneous provinces (LIPs) which are best preserved in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic where they occur as continental and ocean basin flood basalts, giant radiating dyke swarms, volcanic rifted margins, oceanic plateaus, submarine ridges, and seamount chains. The Mesozoic history of Antarctica is no exception in that a number of different igneous provinces were emplaced during the initial break-up and continued disintegration of Gondwana, leading to the isolation of Antarctica in a polar position. The link between the emplacement of the igneous rocks and continental break-up processes remains controversial. The environmental impact of large igneous province formation on the Earth System is equally debated. Large igneous province eruptions are coeval with, and may drive environmental and climatic effects including global warming, oceanic anoxia and/or increased oceanic fertilisation, calcification crises, mass extinction and release of gas hydrates.This review explores the links between the emplacement of large igneous provinces in Antarctica, the isolation of Antarctica from other Gondwana continents, and possibly related environmental and climatic changes during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.
HGSA DNA Day Essay Contest Winner 60 Years On: Still Coding for Cutting-Edge Science
Authors: Yates Patrick 
Published: July 2013

MESSAGE FROM THE EDUCATION COMMITTEEIn 2013, the Education Committee of the Human Genetics Society of Australasia (HGSA) established the DNA Day Essay Contest in Australia and New Zealand. The contest was first established by the American Society of Human Genetics in 2005 and the HGSA DNA Day Essay Contest is adapted from this contest via a collaborative partnership. The aim of the contest is to engage high school students with important concepts in genetics through literature research and reflection. As 2013 marks the 60th anniversary of the discovery of the double helix of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick and the 10th anniversary of the first sequencing of the human genome, the essay topic was to choose either of these breakthroughs and explain its broader impact on biotechnology, human health and disease, or our understanding of basic genetics, such as genetic variation or gene expression. The contest attracted 87 entrants in 2013, with the winning essay authored by Patrick Yates, a Year 12 student from Melbourne High School. Further details about the contest including the names and schools of the other finalists can be found at http://www.hgsa-essay.net.au/. The Education Committee would like to thank all the 2013 applicants and encourage students to enter in 2014.Joanne M. Lind, BSc, PhDChair, HGSA Education Committee
Forcing of anthropogenic aerosols on temperature trends of the sub-thermocline southern Indian Ocean
Authors: Cowan Tim , Cai Wenju , Purich Ariaan , Rotstayn Leon , England Matthew H. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn the late twentieth century, the sub-thermocline waters of the southern tropical and subtropical Indian Ocean experienced a sharp cooling. This cooling has been previously attributed to an anthropogenic aerosol-induced strengthening of the global ocean conveyor, which transfers heat from the subtropical gyre latitudes toward the North Atlantic. From the mid-1990s the sub-thermocline southern Indian Ocean experienced a rapid temperature trend reversal. Here we show, using climate models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, that the late twentieth century sub-thermocline cooling of the southern Indian Ocean was primarily driven by increasing anthropogenic aerosols and greenhouse gases. The models simulate a slow-down in the sub-thermocline cooling followed by a rapid warming towards the mid twenty-first century. The simulated evolution of the Indian Ocean temperature trend is linked with the peak in aerosols and their subsequent decline in the twenty-first century, reinforcing the hypothesis that aerosols influence ocean circulation trends.
Molecule-displacive ferroelectricity in organic supramolecular solids
Authors: Ye Heng-Yun , Zhang Yi , Noro Shin-ichiro , Kubo Kazuya , Yoshitake Masashi , Liu Zun-Qi , Cai Hong-Ling , Fu Da-Wei , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Awaga Kunio , Xiong Ren-Gen , Nakamura Takayoshi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractFerroelectricity is essential to many forms of current technology, ranging from sensors and actuators to optical or memory devices. In this circumstance, organic ferroelectrics are of particular importance because of their potential application in tomorrow's organic devices and several pure organic ferroelectrics have been recently developed. However, some problems, such as current leakage and/or low working frequencies, make their application prospects especially for ferroelectric memory (FeRAM) not clear. Here, we describe the molecule-displacive ferroelectricity of supramolecular adducts of tartaric acid and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane N,N′-dioxide. The adducts show large spontaneous polarization, high rectangularity of the ferroelectric hysteresis loops even at high operation frequency (10 kHz) and high performance in polarization switching up to 1 × 106 times without showing fatigue. It opens great perspectives in terms of applications, especially in organic FeRAM.
Injury-Related Consequences of Alcohol Misuse among Injured Patients who Received Screening and Brief Intervention for Alcohol: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Cochran Gerald , Field Craig , Caetano Raul 
Published: July 2013

Background Screening and brief alcohol intervention has demonstrated efficacy in improving drinking and other risk behaviors for some patient populations. However, it is not clear that brief interventions are helpful to all injured patients who drink at risk levels. This paper identifies latent classes of intervention recipients based on injury-related consequences and risks of alcohol misuse and then determines which profiles experienced the greatest improvements in drinking. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted using data from injured patients ( N = 737) who reported heavy drinking and received a brief alcohol intervention in a Level I trauma center. Latent class analysis was used to determine patient profiles, and 7 indicators commonly associated with alcohol-related injury from the Short Inventory of Problems+6 were used to determine the latent class measurement model. Covariates were regressed onto the model to assess factors related to class membership, and drinking outcomes were analyzed to examine improvements in drinking. Results Five classes emerged from the data. The classes that reported the greatest improvements in drinking following discharge were those characterized by multiple alcohol-related risks and those characterized by a history of alcohol-related accidents and injuries. Attributing the current injury to drinking was a significant predictor of class membership among those classes that reported higher levels of improvement. Conclusions This study provides tentative evidence that subclasses exist among heavy drinking injured patients who received a brief intervention in a Level I trauma center, and some subclasses experience greater drinking improvements than others. Further research is required to substantiate the findings of this secondary analysis.
A notational analysis of shot characteristics in top‐level table tennis players
Authors: Malagoli Lanzoni Ivan , Di Michele Rocco , Merni Franco 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis study aimed to analyse selected shot characteristics in top‐level table tennis matches, with a special focus on comparing the playing style of Asian and European players. Ten men's matches played by 20 top‐ranked players (14 Asians and 6 Europeans) were analysed. The indicators examined were the area of ball bouncing for serves (n =918), and the stroke type, footwork type and shot outcome for other shots (n=3692). The interrelationships between variables were analysed using chi‐squared tests, log‐linear modelling and multiple correspondence analysis. A strong association was found between strokes and footwork types, with most stroke types executed each after specific footwork types. Furthermore, a clear tendency to have a positive, negative or neutral outcome was observed for each stroke type. When compared to Europeans, Asians used more frequently the most aggressive strokes and footwork types, confirming anecdotal claims on their particularly offensive playing style. Asians showed also a better serving effectiveness, often sending the ball in those areas of the table from which a counterattack is difficult to make. In summary, this study gives a systematic description of highly relevant technical and tactical characteristics in top‐level table tennis, thus providing valuable information for coaches and performance analysts.
Unexpectedly high catch-and-release rates in European marine recreational fisheries: implications for science and management
Authors: Ferter Keno , Weltersbach Marc Simon , Strehlow Harry Vincent , Vølstad Jon Helge , Alós Josep , Arlinghaus Robert , Armstrong Mike , Dorow Malte , de Graaf Martin , van der Hammen Tessa , Hyder Kieran , Levrel Harold , Paulrud Anton , Radtke Krzysztof , Rocklin Delphine , Sparrevohn Claus Reedtz , Veiga Pedro 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Ferter, K., Weltersbach, M. S., Strehlow, H. V., Vølstad, J. H., Alós, J., Arlinghaus, R., Armstrong, M., Dorow, M., de Graaf, M., van der Hammen, T., Hyder, K., Levrel, H., Paulrud, A., Radtke, K., Rocklin, D., Sparrevohn, C. R., and Veiga, P. 2013. Unexpectedly high catch-and-release rates in European marine recreational fisheries: implications for science and management. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1319–1329. While catch-and-release (C&R) is a well-known practice in several European freshwater recreational fisheries, studies on the magnitude and impact of this practice in European marine recreational fisheries are limited. To provide an overview of the practice and magnitude of C&R among marine recreational anglers in Europe, the existing knowledge of C&R and its potential associated release mortality was collected and summarized. The present study revealed that in several European countries over half of the total recreational catch is released by marine anglers. High release proportions of >60% were found for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), pollack (Pollachius pollachius), and sea trout (Salmo trutta) in at least one of the studied European countries. In the case of the German recreational Baltic Sea cod fishery, release proportions varied considerably between years, presumably tracking a strong year class of undersized fish. Reasons for release varied between countries and species, and included legal restrictions (e.g. minimum landing sizes and daily bag limits) and voluntary C&R. Considering the magnitude of C&R practice among European marine recreational anglers, post-release mortalities of released fish may need to be accounted for in estimated fishing mortalities. However, as the survival rates of European marine species are mostly unknown, there is a need to conduct post-release survival studies and to identify factors affecting post-release survival. Such studies could also assist in developing species-specific, best-practice guidelines to minimize the impacts of C&R on released marine fish in Europe.
Academic emergency medicine in India
Authors: Pothiawala Sohil , Anantharaman Venkataraman 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectivesEmergency medicine (EM) was recognized as a specialty by the Medical Council of India (MCI) in July 2009. As India undergoes urbanisation, cost‐effective transition from managing infectious diseases to emergency management of trauma and cardio‐respiratory diseases is crucial. Trained emergency healthcare workers are needed to respond effectively to these challenges. The objective was to determine the current status of academic EM training and related issues in India, and to discuss those that need to be addressed.MethodsThe authors conducted electronic literature searches for articles published over an 18 year period from January 1994 to February 2013 using PubMed, Google and Yahoo databases. The references listed in the publications identified from these databases were also reviewed.ResultsElectronic literature searches revealed a multitude of 1 to 3 year training programmes, many affiliated with various foreign universities. The majority of these training programmes are offered in private healthcare institutions. MCI recognition has opened the doors for medical colleges to set up Indian specialty training programmes. Two separate Academic Councils are currently looking at EM training.ConclusionThe variety of programmes and separate efforts on academic development begets a need to address the issues of short‐term courses being passed off as specialty training programmes, and a need for working together on national curriculum development, certification, accreditation systems and common examinations. The different organisations and academic councils could collaborate to give EM a unified scope for development.
Timing of appropriate antibiotics in patients with septic shock: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cullen Martin , Fogg Toby , Delaney Anthony 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to describe the factors associated with delays in the delivery of appropriate antibiotics to patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from the ED or wards with septic shock.MethodsAll adult patients admitted to the ICU, at a single centre who had presented via the ED within the previous 48 h and who had septic shock were included. Data regarding the cause of sepsis, timing of administration of antibiotics, the appropriateness of antibiotics, results of cultures and features potentially related to delay in the administration of appropriate antibiotics were collected by a single investigator, onto specifically designed data forms. Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis were undertaken to determine the timing of appropriate antibiotics administration.ResultsEighty‐nine patients who developed septic shock within 48 h of hospital presentation were admitted to the ICU at Royal North Shore between 2005 and 2008. The median time to administration of antibiotics was 120 min (interquartile range [IQR], 40–225) and the median time to administration of appropriate antibiotics was 188 min (IQR, 65–440 min). Patients who did not have sepsis as their initial diagnosis (90 vs 268 min; P < 0.002), those who waited until investigations were performed (88 vs 320 min; P < 0.001) and younger patients (β = −5.6; P = 0.04) had longer time delays to receive antibiotic therapy. Patients who were assessed by an emergency physician after developing septic shock were given antibiotics that were appropriate in a median of 20 min (IQR, 10–160 min), those assessed initially by a resident medical officer after developing septic shock in a median of 180 min (IQR, 78–563 min).ConclusionsThis retrospective cohort study found that there were significant delays associated with the administration of appropriate antibiotics in patients admitted to the ICU from the ED or the wards with septic shock. Delays were greater in patients who were not seen by an emergency physician, those in whom the diagnosis of sepsis was not considered initially and in those whose therapy was delayed while awaiting the performance of investigations.