bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and depression following preeclampsia or hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome. A systematic review
Authors: Delahaije Denise H.J. , Dirksen Carmen D. , Peeters Louis L. , Smits Luc J. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWomen who suffered from pregnancy complications are at increased risk for anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether having suffered from preeclampsia (PE) or HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets) syndrome is associated with anxiety and depression, and whether PE/HELLP is an independent risk factor for developing anxiety and depression. Systematic search on PubMed and PsycInfo with no time limit. Studies presenting original data, including women with a history of PE/HELLP and at least one comparison group of women without PE/HELLP, reporting the results for each group separately or in a multivariate regression analysis with PE/HELLP as an independent variable. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted using a prespecified form. If necessary, additional calculations were performed. The search yielded 267 articles, with only six being suitable for inclusion in this review. Studies on depression (six studies) showed generally positive associations between PE/HELLP and the prevalence of depression or severity of depressive symptoms. However, the results of three studies were not statistically significant. Studies addressing anxiety (two studies) did not show significant associations between PE/HELLP and anxiety scores. Associations between post‐traumatic stress and PE/HELLP, investigated in four studies, were often nonsignificant. Due to heterogeneity of study methods, a meta‐analysis of the results was not possible. In most studies, confounder control was poor. Evidence is mixed but generally points to positive associations between various forms of psychopathology and previous PE/HELLP. Causality of the associations can, however, not be judged adequately.
High tracking of apolipoprotein B levels from the prepubertal age to adolescence in Spanish children
Authors: del Villar‐Rubín S , Escorihuela R , Ortega‐Senovilla H , de Oya M , Garcés C 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAimTo assess tracking of lipid and apolipoproteins from the prepubertal age (baseline, 6–8 years old) to adolescence (follow‐up, 13–16 years old) in Spanish children.MethodsThe sample population included 385 healthy children (179 boys and 206 girls). Tracking was estimated by correlations between baseline and follow‐up levels, multiple regression models in which the follow‐up lipid was the dependent variable and analysing the percentage of individuals who remained in the same lipid levels status from prepubertal age to adolescence.ResultsCorrelations between baseline and follow‐up levels for low density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (apo B) were stronger in boys and for high density lipoprotein‐cholesterol and apo A‐I stronger in girls. Regression analyses showed that, after adjusting by body mass index (BMI), baseline LDL‐cholesterol and apo B levels explain 23% and 39% of the variation of follow‐up LDL‐cholesterol and apo B levels, respectively, in boys and 13% and 22%, respectively, in girls. The strength of tracking for LDL‐cholesterol and apo B was 79% and 89%, respectively, in boys and 72% and 82%, respectively, in girls.ConclusionApolipoprotein B showed the strongest tracking in both sexes, stronger than for LDL‐cholesterol, which supports the importance of determining apo B levels as a marker of dyslipidaemia in children.
Design milieux for learning environments in African contexts
Authors: Duveskog Marcus , Sutinen Erkki , Cronje Johannes 
Published: May 2013

AbstractDuring the years 2002 to 2009, five African settings were used as foundation for designing different learning environments. While the content and target group for each learning environment varied, all of their design settings, or milieux, shared one implicit expectation: the milieu should facilitate the production of a change‐making learning environment. A retrospective qualitative analysis identified a set of 10 common indicators that describe how successful a given setting is as a design milieu for creating learning environments. The study shows that for each design milieu indicator, a milieu can feature success and failure at the same time. The results, novel in their emphasis on the design setting rather than the use setting, can be used for both assessing the prospects of a particular milieu and improving its strengths for design opportunities especially in African or other developing contexts.
MicroRNAs in myeloid malignancies
Authors: Gordon Jane E. A. , Wong Justin J.‐L. , Rasko John E. J. 
Published: May 2013

SummaryMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key to the pathogenesis of human malignancies and increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Haematological malignancies, being the earliest human malignancies linked to aberrant miRNA expression, have consistently underpinned our understanding of the role that miRNAs play in cancer development. Here, we review the expanding roles attributed to miRNAs in the pathogenesis of different types of myeloid malignancies and highlight key findings.
Newcomers' cognitive development of social identification: A cross‐sectional and longitudinal analysis of self‐anchoring and self‐stereotyping
Authors: van Veelen Ruth , Hansen Nina , Otten Sabine 
Published: May 2013

Upon joining a new social category, group members strive to establish and maintain high social identification. Thus far, we know relatively little about the cognitive underpinnings of social identification when developing from a new to a well‐established group member. This research investigates the differential impact of newcomers' self‐stereotyping (i.e., assimilation of the self to group stereotypes) and self‐anchoring (i.e., projection of self‐attributes onto the ingroup) on the development of social identification over time. Across two time points during the academic year, first year psychology students (N = 123) filled in a questionnaire on their perceptions about the self, psychology students, and social identification. Cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses confirmed our hypotheses that self‐anchoring instigated new group members' social identification, while self‐stereotyping instigated social identification once group membership was more well‐established. This research emphasizes the interactive role of the personal and social self in the development of social identification.
Cruciferous vegetable consumption and gastric cancer risk: A meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies
Authors: Wu Qi‐Jun , Yang Yang , Wang Jing , Han Li‐Hua , Xiang Yong‐Bing 
Published: May 2013

The relationship between consumption of cruciferous vegetables (CV) and risk of gastric cancer has been investigated by many studies, but remains controversial. We carried out a meta‐analysis to summarize available evidence from epidemiological studies on this point. Relevant published reports of CV intake and gastric cancer were identified using MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science databases through to the end of September 2012. We pooled the relative risk from individual studies using a fixed‐ or random‐effects model and carried out heterogeneity and publication bias analyses. Sixteen case–control and six prospective studies were included in our analysis. When all studies were pooled, we yielded a significantly inverse association between CV (relative risk = 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.88) intake and gastric cancer risk, with little heterogeneity (Q = 27.27, P = 0.292, I2 = 12.0%). Specific analysis for cabbage intake yielded similar result. When separately analyzed, case–control studies of CV intake yielded significant results and the results of prospective studies showed borderline statistical significance. Moreover, significant results were consistent for high‐quality studies, for North American, European, and Asian studies, for studies on males, and for studies on non‐cardia gastric cancer. Findings from this meta‐analysis provide evidence that high intake of CV was inversely associated with the risk of gastric cancer and non‐cardia gastric cancer in humans. Further studies on other specific CV, food preparation methods, and stratified results by anatomic cancer site and histological type should be extended in the future.
Conditionally replicative adenoviral vectors for imaging the effect of chemotherapy on pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Kimura Jun , Ono Hidetaka A. , Kosaka Takashi , Nagashima Yoji , Hirai Shuichi , Ohno Shigeo , Aoki Kazunori , Julia Davydova , Yamamoto Masato , Kunisaki Chikara , Endo Itaru 
Published: May 2013

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis after complete macroscopic resection combined with chemotherapy. Even after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, R0 resection is often not possible. Moreover, current imaging techniques cannot reliably distinguish viable cancer cells from scar tissue at the resectional margin. We investigated the use of a conditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAd), Ad5/3Cox2CRAd‐ΔE3ADP‐Luc, for imaging the effects of chemotherapy. The CRAd infectivity of pancreatic cancer cells was enhanced by a chimeric Ad5/3 fiber, E1A expression was under the control of the Cox2 promoter, and the luciferase gene was inserted adjacent to the adenovirus death protein (ADP) gene. Subcutaneous xenografts of the pancreatic cancer cell line MiaPaCa‐2 were established in 24 BALB/c nu/nu mice. When xenografts reached a diameter of 4–6 mm (day 1), the mice were injected i.p. with either PBS (group A; n = 12) or 1000 mg/kg gemcitabine (group B; n = 12), weekly. On days 19, 26, 33, and 40, CRAd were injected intratumorally into three mice in groups A and B. Bioluminescence was imaged 72 h after CRAd injection, and gross tumor volumes were measured then tumors were removed for ex vivo histopathology using H&E and Ki‐67 staining. Correlations between gross tumor volume, pathological evaluation of the percentage of viable tumor area, and CRAd bioluminescence were analyzed. Bioluminescence correlated closely with the percentage of viable tumor area (R = 0.96), but not with gross tumor volume (R = 0.31). Therefore, CRAds might be reliable imaging tools for monitoring chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer, and could improve our ability to distinguish viable tumor cells from scar tissue.
Parathyroid hormone, vitamin D levels and urine albumin excretion in older persons: the 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Woo , Park Hyunkyoung , Cho Kyung Hwan , Han Kyungdo , Ko Byung‐Joon 
Published: May 2013

SummaryObjectivePersistent elevation of urinary albumin excretion (UAE), even within normal range, is an independent predictor for cardiovascular disease. Accumulating research suggests that low levels of vitamin D and high levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) also increase cardiovascular disease risk. This study is intended to investigate the relationship between PTH, vitamin D levels and UAE.MethodsWe examined 2897 adults aged 50 and above, participating in the second year of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V‐2). Anthropometric and laboratory measurements were performed. Elevated UAE was defined as spot urinary albumin creatinine ratio equal or above 10.ResultsThe proportion of elevated UAE (21·8%, 23·2%, 23·2%, 31·8%; P for trend = 0·002) rose with increasing quartiles of PTH. The odds ratio for elevated UAE in the highest quartile of PTH was 72% higher than the lowest quartile group. There was no relationship between vitamin D and elevated UAE.ConclusionsElevated PTH levels are associated with elevated UAE in Korean adults aged 50 and above. Additional studies are needed to clarify this relationship.
Goitre and urinary iodine excretion survey in schoolchildren of Kashmir Valley
Authors: Masoodi Shariq Rashid , Ali Altaf , Wani Arshad Iqbal , Bashir Mir Iftikhar , Bhat Javaid Ahmad , Mudassar Syed , Zargar Abdul Hamid 
Published: May 2013

SummaryBackgroundAn extensive survey on schoolchildren in Kashmir Valley in 1995 showed a high prevalence of goitre, making it imperative to have a relook at our iodine status, 15 years postiodization.ObjectiveTo study the total prevalence of goitre and urinary iodine excretion (UIE) in Kashmiri schoolchildren, 15 years postiodization.DesignA cross‐sectional survey, covering 9576 schoolchildren, aged 5–15 years (5988 in 6–12 year age group) was conducted. Goitres were graded as per WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. UIE was measured by the arsenic acid reduction in ceric ions method and was estimated in 208 subsampled children. Results were compared with that of 1995 survey.ResultsThe overall prevalence of goitre in the present study was 3·8% (95% CI: 3·4–4·2) and 3·7% (95% CI: 3·2–4·2) in those aged 6–12 years. No significant difference in prevalence of goitre was observed between boys and girls overall (3·6% vs 4·1%. P > 0·2), nor in the 6–12 year age group (3·3% vs 4·0%, P > 0·1). There was a significant trend of increasing prevalence of goitre with age (P < 0·005). UIE ranged from 12 to 397 μg/g.creatinine (median, 104); 11% subjects had UIE of <50 μg/g.creatinine. Overall, prevalence of goitre was significantly lower (3·8% vs 45·2%, P < 0·001), and mean UIE was significantly higher (123·6 ± 5·3 vs 49·60 ± 3·55 μg/g.creatinine, P < 0·001), compared to that in the 1995 survey.ConclusionThe marked improvement in overall iodine nutrition in Kashmir Valley‐ one and a half decades after implementation of salt iodization should encourage healthcare providers to make tangible efforts for implementation of iodization programmes in areas with iodine deficiency.
Multimodality evoked potentials for discrimination of atopic myelitis and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Kanamori Yuji , Isobe Noriko , Yonekawa Tomomi , Matsushita Takuya , Shigeto Hiroshi , Kawamura Nobutoshi , Yamasaki Ryo , Murai Hiroyuki , Tobimatsu Shozo , Kira Jun‐ichi 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo clarify the differences in multimodality evoked potential findings between patients with atopic myelitis (AM) and those with multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsA retrospective chart review of 70 consecutive AM patients and 93 MS patients was carried out. All patients were negative for serum anti‐aquaporin‐4 antibody. Visual‐ (VEP), somatosensory‐ (SEP) and motor‐evoked potentials (MEP) recorded at first examination, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings from the first examination were compared between AM and MS patients.ResultsCompared with MS patients, AM patients showed male preponderance, lower the Expanded Disability Status Scale scores and less frequent spinal cord MRI lesions. Visual impairment and muscle weakness were also less severe in AM patients. Frequencies of abnormal VEP and prolonged central conduction time on lower limb MEP were significantly lower in AM patients than in MS patients (AM vs MS: 9.5% vs 55.6%, and 28.2% vs 54.4%, respectively), whereas frequencies of peripheral nerve involvement in upper and lower limb MEP and upper limb SEP were significantly higher in AM than in MS patients (AM vs MS: 12.8% vs 2.9%, 17.9% vs 2.9% and 33.3% vs 4.4%, respectively). When patients whose EP were examined within 5 years of disease onset were compared, lower frequencies of abnormal VEP and higher peripheral nerve involvement detected by MEP and SEP were observed in AM patients.ConclusionsAM patients have distinct physiological features compared with MS patients, even at the first examination of evoked potentials, which might suggest distinct immunological mechanisms between the two conditions. Multimodality evoked potentials might contribute to the early discrimination of these two disorders.
Relation between Occupancy and Abundance for a Territorial Species, the California Spotted Owl
Authors: TEMPEL DOUGLAS J. , GUTIéRREZ R. J. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractLand and resource managers often use detection–nondetection surveys to monitor the populations of species that may be affected by factors such as habitat alteration, climate change, and biological invasions. Relative to mark‐recapture studies, using detection–nondetection surveys is more cost‐effective, and recent advances in statistical analyses allow the incorporation of detection probability, covariates, and multiple seasons. We examined the efficacy of using detection–nondetection data (relative to mark‐recapture data) for monitoring population trends of a territorial species, the California Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis). We estimated and compared the finite annual rates of population change (λt) and the resulting realized population change (Δt) from both occupancy and mark‐recapture data collected over 18 years (1993–2010). We used multiseason, robust‐design occupancy models to estimate that territory occupancy declined during our study (Δt = 0.702, 95% CI 0.552–0.852) due to increasing territory extinction rates ( = 0.019 [SE 0.012]; = 0.134 [SE 0.043]) and decreasing colonization rates ( = 0.323 [SE 0.124]; = 0.242 [SE 0.058]). We used Pradel's temporal‐symmetry model for mark‐recapture data to estimate that the population trajectory closely matched the trends in territory occupancy (Δt = 0.725, 95% CI 0.445–1.004). Individual survival was constant during our study ( = 0.816 [SE 0.020]; = 0.815 [SE 0.019]), whereas recruitment declined slightly ( = 0.195 [SE 0.032]; = 0.160 [SE 0.023]). Thus, we concluded that detection–nondetection data can provide reliable inferences on population trends, especially when funds preclude more intensive mark‐recapture studies.Relación entre Ocupación y Abundancia en una Especie Territorial, el Búho Moteado de California
Microsaccade and drift dynamics reflect mental fatigue
Authors: Di Stasi Leandro L. , McCamy Michael B. , Catena Andrés , Macknik Stephen L. , Cañas José J. , Martinez‐Conde Susana 
Published: May 2013

AbstractOur eyes are always in motion. Even during periods of relative fixation we produce so‐called ‘fixational eye movements’, which include microsaccades, drift and tremor. Mental fatigue can modulate saccade dynamics, but its effects on microsaccades and drift are unknown. Here we asked human subjects to perform a prolonged and demanding visual search task (a simplified air traffic control task), with two difficulty levels, under both free‐viewing and fixation conditions. Saccadic and microsaccadic velocity decreased with time‐on‐task whereas drift velocity increased, suggesting that ocular instability increases with mental fatigue. Task difficulty did not influence eye movements despite affecting reaction times, performance errors and subjective complexity ratings. We propose that variations in eye movement dynamics with time‐on‐task are consistent with the activation of the brain's sleep centers in correlation with mental fatigue. Covariation of saccadic and microsaccadic parameters moreover supports the hypothesis of a common generator for microsaccades and saccades. We conclude that changes in fixational and saccadic dynamics can indicate mental fatigue due to time‐on‐task, irrespective of task complexity. These findings suggest that fixational eye movement dynamics have the potential to signal the nervous system's activation state.
Ecological effects of environmental change
Authors: Luque Gloria M. , Hochberg Michael E. , Holyoak Marcel , Hossaert Martine , Gaill Françoise , Courchamp Franck 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis Special Issue of Ecology Letters presents contributions from an international meeting organised by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Ecology Letters on the broad theme of ecological effects of global environmental change. The objectives of these articles are to synthesise, hypothesise and illustrate the ecological effects of environmental change drivers and their interactions, including habitat loss and fragmentation, pollution, invasive species and climate change. A range of disciplines is represented, including stoichiometry, cell biology, genetics, evolution and biodiversity conservation. The authors emphasise the need to account for several key ecological factors and different spatial and temporal scales in global change research. They also stress the importance of ecosystem complexity through approaches such as functional group and network analyses, and of mechanisms and predictive models with respect to environmental responses to global change across an ecological continuum: population, communities and ecosystems. Lastly, these articles provide important insights and recommendations for environmental conservation and management, as well as highlighting future research priorities.
Predicting community and ecosystem outcomes of mycorrhizal responses to global change
Authors: Johnson Nancy C. , Angelard Caroline , Sanders Ian R. , Kiers E. Toby 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMycorrhizal symbioses link the biosphere with the lithosphere by mediating nutrient cycles and energy flow though terrestrial ecosystems. A more mechanistic understanding of these plant–fungal associations may help ameliorate anthropogenic changes to C and N cycles and biotic communities. We explore three interacting principles: (1) optimal allocation, (2) biotic context and (3) fungal adaptability that may help predict mycorrhizal responses to carbon dioxide enrichment, nitrogen eutrophication, invasive species and land‐use changes. Plant–microbial feedbacks and thresholds are discussed in light of these principles with the goal of generating testable hypotheses. Ideas to develop large‐scale collaborative research efforts are presented. It is our hope that mycorrhizal symbioses can be effectively integrated into global change models and eventually their ecology will be understood well enough so that they can be managed to help offset some of the detrimental effects of anthropogenic environmental change.
A road map for integrating eco‐evolutionary processes into biodiversity models
Authors: Thuiller Wilfried , Münkemüller Tamara , Lavergne Sébastien , Mouillot David , Mouquet Nicolas , Schiffers Katja , Gravel Dominique 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe demand for projections of the future distribution of biodiversity has triggered an upsurge in modelling at the crossroads between ecology and evolution. Despite the enthusiasm around these so‐called biodiversity models, most approaches are still criticised for not integrating key processes known to shape species ranges and community structure. Developing an integrative modelling framework for biodiversity distribution promises to improve the reliability of predictions and to give a better understanding of the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of species and communities under changing environments. In this article, we briefly review some eco‐evolutionary processes and interplays among them, which are essential to provide reliable projections of species distributions and community structure. We identify gaps in theory, quantitative knowledge and data availability hampering the development of an integrated modelling framework. We argue that model development relying on a strong theoretical foundation is essential to inspire new models, manage complexity and maintain tractability. We support our argument with an example of a novel integrated model for species distribution modelling, derived from metapopulation theory, which accounts for abiotic constraints, dispersal, biotic interactions and evolution under changing environmental conditions. We hope such a perspective will motivate exciting and novel research, and challenge others to improve on our proposed approach.