bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Bats Who Harm” and “Bats Who May Be Harmed”: The Interspecies Politics of Virus Sampling
Authors: Roth Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The 2013–2016 Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa galvanized a quest for more knowledge with regards to the ecology of the disease. In its immediate aftermath, research initiatives, at the junction of biosecurity and One Health, were mounted to elucidate the circulation of the Ebola virus and other emergent pathogens through sampling local wildlife, in particular bats. The article investigates the knowledge, affects, and practices mitigating care and risk in encounters between human animals and potentially contaminated nonhuman animals. Grounded in an ethnography of the labor of wildlife sampling by Guinean veterinarians, it adopts an interspecies perspective on the One Health laboratory, a place where relations between animals and humans are inflected by a postcolonial, gendered, and anthropocentric imbalance of power. It argues that, rather than blurring interspecies boundaries, scientific care for sampled bats may cement hierarchies, with consequences for samplers and animals.
A Semitic Fingerprint on Mark and Revelation
Authors: Ray Jonathan M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article examines the unique syntax found in the Greek texts of Mark and Revelation. Both books exhibit a distinct propensity to begin sentences with the conjunction καί, a linguistic phenomenon known as “parataxis.” A comparative analysis is conducted on a large swath of contemporary Greek narrative texts in an effort to locate where Mark and Revelation fall along the paratactic spectrum. The analysis draws on comparative linguistics and statistical analysis to argue that this paratactic style is a Semitic linguistic fingerprint, aligning more closely with the LXX and other early Jewish and Christian (EJC) texts but differs from pagan Greek narratives of the same era. The article concludes by summarizing how scholars have accounted for this Semitic fingerprint and what some implications might be.
Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with maize, and their relationship with soil properties in southern and southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Aseffa Abebe W. , Meressa Beira H. , Tefera Tadele , Green Kristina K. , Anderson Peter , Mendesil Esayas 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Maize is an important cereal crop in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Plant-parasitic nematodes significantly impact maize production. However, research on maize nematodes in SSA is limited. The current study aimed to assess the occurrences and densities of nematodes associated with maize and to assess the correlation of some soil physicochemical properties with nematodes in southern and southwestern Ethiopia. One hundred and eighty-six soil and root samples were collected from 62 maize fields (31 from Hawassa Zuria and 31 from Mana districts). Eleven plant-parasitic nematode genera were identified. The most important genera of plant-parasitic nematodes identified were Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus, followed by Helicotylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus. The nematodes Pratylenchus and Criconemoides were significantly and positively associated with pH, soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic matter (SOM). Additionally, Tylenchorhynchus, Pratylenchus and Rotylenchulus were significantly positively correlated with soil available phosphorus (SAP). However, Criconemoides and Meloidogyne had a strong negative correlation with soil bulk density (SBD). This study provides useful baseline information on maize-associated nematodes, and will be useful for agricultural policy makers, private farmers, non-governmental organisations and agricultural extension workers enabling them to establish sustainable maize nematode management strategies.
Corporeity and the Eurocentric Community: Recasting Husserl’s Crisis in Merleau-Ponty’s Ontology of the Flesh
Authors: Delestrade Andréa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper attempts to develop a phenomenological account of community which would not be pervaded by Eurocentric assumptions. Such Eurocentrism is what Husserl’s phenomenological framework has been accused of. I first reconstruct Husserl’s phenomenology of community in his late transcendental phenomenology by examining the Vienna Lecture. I show that Husserl’s Eurocentrism is encapsulated in his account of corporeity, which simultaneously recognizes the importance of corporeity and its necessary overcoming in theoria, which originates in the European philosopher. I then argue that Merleau-Ponty, through his rigorously embodied phenomenology, can offer a non-Eurocentric phenomenology of community. Elaborating on the Husserlian insight of corporeity, notably the perceptual experience and the écart at stake in the encounter with other bodies, allows Merleau-Ponty’s ontology of the flesh to recast community from and with the body as an open, situated, and non-archeo-teleological structure, allowing phenomenology to reimagine inter-cultural encounters away from tropes of European exemplarity.
The World as Play: Fink, Gadamer, Patočka
Authors: Evink Eddo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article explores the idea of ‘play’ as a metaphor to understand the world as an always presupposed frame of all experiences and appearances. A large part of it is devoted to the work of Eugen Fink, who developed a notion of the world as play, as a speculative idea beyond phenomenology. This article argues firstly in favor of such an effort to understand the world as play, as an alternative to onto-theological metaphysics. However, it argues secondly, that a stronger and more convincing concept of play can be found by elaborating on the views of Hans-Georg Gadamer and Jan Patočka. Gadamer discussed ‘play’ as a metaphor for art, while Patočka worked on the notion of ‘world’ as a phenomenological idea that serves as a frame for all experiences. A combination of these two ideas may result in a better alternative to both Fink’s approach and to traditional onto-theological metaphysics.
Revisiting the ‘Jewish Question’ and Its Contemporary Discontents
Authors: Shoikhedbrod Igor 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article revisits the so-called ‘Jewish Question’ against the combined background of Marxist historiography and the resurgence of antisemitic and neofascist politics. It begins by analysing the critical reception of Marx’s formative essay, ‘On the Jewish Question’, and assesses its contemporary relevance in the aftermath of institutionalised antisemitism in the USSR, the monstrosity of the Shoah, the consolidation of the Israeli state, and the catastrophic ramifications of the ongoing Nakba. Despite the various defects of Marx and Engels’s reflections on the ‘Jewish Question’, their critical insights vividly anticipate the failings of liberalism, Soviet socialism, and Zionism in emancipating Jews, while also reminding contemporary Marxists about the political urgency of human emancipation. At its core, the ‘Jewish Question’ remains a universal question, extending to all oppressed peoples and classes that have been rendered abandoned and dispensable beings.
Far-Right Antisemitism and Heteronationalism
Authors: Drucker Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The rise of the far right is a defining feature of our time. With nationalism and racism as its hallmarks, it is more opportunistic towards Jews and LGBTIQ people than in the past. Yet antisemitism and heteronationalism are still strong on the far right. A Marxist analysis founded on social-reproduction theory can help explain this, given Jews’ prominence in such fields as the media, and the potential threat posed to the heteronormative family by queers. Far-right hostility to Jews and queers is present among not only neo-fascist but also post-fascist forces. Yet Jews and LGBTIQ people can be inhibited from mobilising against the far right by presuppositions they share with it, particularly homonationalist and Zionist ones. Despite this, the potential exists for radical resistance to the far right by Jews and queers, as manifest in the growing ranks of Jews and queers organising against racism and for internationalist solidarity.
Antisemitism as Anti-Jewish Racism: Reflections on an Anti-Racist Analytic
Authors: Bakan Abigail B. , Abu-Laban Yasmeen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Advancing a consistent anti-racist analytic to challenge antisemitism demands standing with all those who suffer from systemic racism, and specifically with Palestinians. However, antisemitism and anti-Palestinian racism are rarely understood and opposed in a unified movement of solidarity. Here, we address what antisemitism is not, especially the false claim that equates antisemitism with criticism of the state of Israel – a claim that is reaching fever pitch at the current moment. Turning to context, we consider periodisations about how antisemitism has changed over time and place, suggesting we are in a new period of increasing supposed legitimacy for antisemitism in Western liberal-democratic capitalist states, associated with the rising influence of white nationalism. We then consider what antisemitism as anti-Jewish racism is, and how it is coded in certain ways, including: elite privilege; conspiracy claims; and symbolic marking for threats and violence. We conclude with notes on the potential for solidarity.
Rites for the Dead, Amity for the Living: the Old Assyrian nasbītum Rite and Its Relation to the Old Babylonian kispum
Authors: Nation Trey 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
While recent scholarship has clarified the spelling of the little-known Old Assyrian nasbītum rite, formerly glossed as naspittum, its etymology and social context have remained obscure. This paper suggests the elusive rite has its etymology in the OA verb sabā’um, “to brew/draw beer,” and refers to the act of libation. While the textual evidence for nasbītum is currently limited, an analysis of the rite as it occurs in the OA corpus suggests that nasbītum was the OA term for the care and feeding of the spirits of the dead, analogous to the better-known Old Babylonian kispum.
Khūrigān: a Recently Discovered Post-Achaemanid Rock-Cut Tomb near Naqsh-e Rostam, Iran
Authors: Ahmadinya Ehsan , Emadi Habib 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Near the northwestern-southeastern foothills of the Marvdasht plain in Fars province, lie a range of ancient necropoleis which date from the reign of Darius I, the Achaemenid king and until the first century after the Muslim conquest. The well-known necropoleis of Naqsh-e Rostam and Persepolis have the most complex tombs among them. However, there are other burials in this region, although smaller and simpler or even imitative, which have considerable archeological importance, since they provide information for the social and political understanding of their time of creation, often known as the dark ages. The present study aims to introduce and analyze the structural-chronological features of the rock-cut tomb of Khūrigān, one of the recent discoveries near Naqsh-e Rostam. Regarding the architectural and stylistic characteristics of the tomb and its context, as well as considering its archeological landscape and using historical information, the period from the last century of the Achaemenid reign until the beginning of the Sassanid dynasty is considered for the general chronology of this tomb; however, through applying a more detailed perspective, we can attribute the chronology of this tomb to the first half of the 3rd until the 1st century BC.
The Happy Builders of New China
Authors: De Giorgi Laura 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper offers an outline of the narratives and perceptions by Italian travellers about the life and social position of Chinese youth in the People’s Republic during the 1950s. Its goal is to explore how the image of Chinese youth under Socialism produced by transnational propaganda in the Socialist cosmopolis and circulating abroad intertwined with the factual observations and the personal assumptions of the Italian intellectuals on the revolutionary social transformation of China in that period. It argues that, although travellers were impressed by the apparent protagonism of the younger generation in the construction of Socialism in China in those years and read it as a symbol of new China, they also speculated on how the conditions of youth after the revolution had really implied a dramatic change in their social and cultural power and in their political emancipation.
Framing Chinese Youth in the Aftermath of the Cultural Revolution
Authors: Graziani Sofia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The launching of the reform program in 1978 went hand in hand with praising Chinese youth as the vanguard of the new struggle for modernising China. Yet, the official rhetoric projected the ideal youth, while being at odds with the complex reality of the early post-Mao era, when the experience of the Cultural Revolution (CR) turned out to be the main reason for the so-called ‘youth problem’. Both international and Chinese literature have highlighted that in the reform era, youth, intended as a social and cultural category or construct, came to be associated with less positive values, and the traditional discourse of ‘youth as hope’ proliferated along and intertwined with a negative discourse of ‘youth as trouble’. This paper looks at the re-emergence of the Communist Youth League (CYL) as a key institutional actor in setting the stage for the construction of a new social discourse on youth in the transitional period 1978–1981, when the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leadership confronted with the need to deal with the tumultuous upheaval of the CR and its impact on youth on the one hand, and to push forward the reformist agenda on the other. By mainly relying on CYL sources (documents, internal publications and the official youth press), a part of which has been largely unexplored so far, it shows how the discourse on youth became complex and multifaceted in those historical circumstances, reflecting not just different views within the élite but also and most importantly the very tensions involved in the reform project. While the existence of the ‘youth problem’ led to establishing a causal nexus with the now condemned ultra-leftist tendencies associated with Lin Biao and the Gang of Four, the need to make sense of the complexity of youth boosted a heated debate on youth characteristics, with a number of cadres and adult experts affiliated to the CYL defining, describing and prescribing what Chinese youth were in ways that, by ensuring they had not been guilty as former Red Guards and recognising them as both victims and increasingly emancipated actors, eventually pushed forward a new idea of youth that conformed to the new modernization aims of the Party. Providing an assessment of the young generation and its inclinations in the aftermath of the CR eventually became the premise for facilitating the emergence of a new youth subjectivity, while envisioning the integration of the self within the broader collective and the coexistence of liberal values with traditional socialist ethics. The debate on youth characteristics reflected the complex changes taking place in China and was constitutive of a broader process that set the stage for rethinking the socialisation of youth in the post-Mao era.
Absolutely Disruptive: An Introduction to Josephson Storm’s Metamodernism Book Review Symposium
Authors: Ambasciano Leonardo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The present article offers an introduction to the Book Review Symposium dedicated to Josephson Storm’s ambitious Metamodernism: The Future of Theory (2021). Inspired by Josephson Storm’s interest in the art scene conversation about method and theory, this preamble incorporates Alan Moore’s reflections from the early 2000s on the necessity to move beyond postmodernism and proceeds to present both the main pillars of Josephson Storm’s theoretical proposal and the key concepts from the commentaries submitted by the participants to this symposium (Mattias Brand, Carmen Becker, Andrea Bardin and Marco Ferrari, and Andrea Maria Nencini). The confusing existence of a preceding, and conflictual, theoretical understanding of metamodernism is also briefly discussed, and its potential impact on the academic disciplines that study religion(s) highlighted.
Track Two Overloaded? A Model of “Linkage” and Gendered Inclusion in Peace Negotiations
Authors: Palmiano Federer Julia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the relationship between gendered inclusion in peace processes and Track Two peacemaking. It responds to recent policy discourse that explicitly associates linking Track Two to Track One negotiations as a way to increase the inclusion of people identifying as women (United Nations Women 2015). However, the mechanisms through which Track Two leads to more “inclusive” outcomes is complex and unclear. To understand what these mechanisms are and how they can be studied, this article draws from existing theories on transfer in Track Two and inclusion literature in peace and conflict studies to present a novel conceptual model of “linkage.” This model explores the micro-dynamics of gendered inclusivity between different tracks of dialogue engagement and how transfer is facilitated between them.
Beyond Collapse: Negotiating a New World Order When the Old Breaks Down
Authors: Zartman I. William 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The collapse of the existing world order and the rise of a counter order pose problems for the practice of negotiation and mediation as generally conceived. The transition will likely have problems overcoming issues faced in past transitions in 1812, 1919, and 1948 without a full-scale war, yet learn from these experiences. It is not too early to think about the processes and strategies needed to arrive productively at a better new system where negotiation processes can provide useful means to resolve conflicts. This article examines three levels of conflict and how conflict resolution and management approaches might be able to reestablish their capacities in a future system of international relations norms and institutions.
European Health Data Space, Use of Data and Data Subjects’ Control over Their Own Health Data: Can an Opt-Out Restore the Balance?
Authors: Sokol Tomislav 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The creation of the European Health Data Space is a milestone. It establishes something new and makes it possible to have faster and more efficient health treatment, but also to untap the potential of unused data for policy-making and development of new technologies. However, for the EHDS to be functional, it is imperative that a balance it struck between the aim of having useful data to achieve important public objectives on one side and the goal of enabling patients to have control over their health data. The original Draft Report of the European Parliament came closest to achieving these objectives and should have represented the blueprint for the final compromise. Having a harmonised opt-out for secondary use is crucial for striking the right balance between the mentioned objectives. The end result is far from perfect regarding primary use, but represents a good balance in the area of secondary use concerning the opt-out.
Protection of Minorities under Islamic Jurisprudence
Authors: Bhat Ali Muhammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Islam is the religion of a peace-oriented system that depends upon the duties and rights of its citizens. Any political system that fulfils the basic needs of its system lives longer than those systems that corrupt the rights of its citizens. Moreover, the soundness of any political system depends upon its provisions which govern and fulfil the basic spiritual and biological needs of human beings and its allowance for change. Aside from spiritual and moral aspects of the creed which are permanently established, Islam provides broad principles and frameworks in the area of worldly interactions which makes it possible for the Muslim community to evolve and meet the needs of every period. Its soundness lies in its protection of minorities and providing them with all basic facilities to grow up as sound human beings free from all sorts of discrimination.
Indigenous and Minority Activism under the United Nations
Authors: Toki Valmaine , Raman Durgeshree 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article looks at the classification and treatment of indigenous peoples and minorities’ rights under the United Nations. In particular, it explores what the differences between indigenous and minorities, and the differences and similarities between activism for indigenous and minority rights under the United Nations umbrella are. It concludes by proposing recommendations for change so that advocacy for these rights and implementation of them can be better addressed especially in the current climate where conflicts and the associated displacements pose more urgent risks to those rights.
The United States of America and International Criminal Justice
Authors: Brandon Emma 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article provides a summary and reflection on the results relating to the United States of America (United States or US) in the EU cost Action ca18228 (the Action) and the Scoping Survey on states’ experiences with international criminal justice. It looks at how the United States has engaged or not engaged with international criminal justice in its law, policy, institutions, civil society, and culture. The data demonstrates that the United States’ relationship with international criminal justice has been complex and, at times, controversial. More specifically, it shows the importance of framing international criminal justice as within the United States’ national interest to ensure US support for the project.
Surfacing Harmful Speech Against Women—Proposals for Gender-Sensitive Fact-Finding and Interpretation in International Criminal Law
Authors: Fino Audrey 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article identifies how, and to what extent, harmful speech, such as, gender-based incitement and threats against women, are addressed in international criminal law and practice. It delves into the jurisprudence on direct and public incitement to genocide, genocide and persecution, a crime against humanity, to identify trends. Finding that the law overlooks the issue and that the practice only marginally refers to it, the article resorts to international human rights law as an interpretative aid and to fill the gaps. In this regard, inspired by feminist theories, it proposes interpretative methods that can be applied by judges to surface, fairly label and ultimately sanction harmful speech targeted at women. As such, this article contributes to the doctrinal discourse on what gendered crimes are, and what gender-sensitive judging in international courts should look like.
International Criminal Justice and Lithuanian Experience
Authors: Švedas Gintaras , Vosyliūtė Andželika 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The article deals with the laws of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, and the status of victims of occupations in Lithuania. In addition, the article discloses Lithuanian state policy, society’s cultural approach to atrocity crimes, and support for victims. The article draws attention to how the concept of genocide has been constantly expanded in Lithuania. The international role of Lithuania in the fight against genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes is emphasized.