bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of Doripenem in Infected Patients Treated Within and Outside the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Bhalodi Amira A , Keel Rebecca A , Quintiliani Richard , Lodise Thomas P , Nicolau David P , Kuti Joseph L 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUND Doripenem often is used in the intensive care unit (ICU) to treat serious infections. However, pharmacokinetics in this population often are altered by various physiologic changes. Current pharmacokinetic data in critically ill patients receiving doripenem are limited. OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics of doripenem in patients treated in the ICU versus outside the ICU. METHODS A total of 3–4 serum samples were collected from 25 infected patients receiving doripenem. A 2-compartment model was fit to serum pharmacokinetic data with nonparametric adaptive grid with adaptive γ. In the structural pharmacokinetic model, clearance (Cl) was made proportional to creatinine clearance (CrCl) and an intercept term. Bayesian pharmacokinetic parameters were compared between the 2 populations. A 5000-patient Monte Carlo simulation was performed for various CrCl ranges. The probability of pharmacodynamic target attainment was calculated over a range of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), assuming a target of 35% of the dosing interval that unbound drug concentrations remain above the MIC. RESULTS Mean (range) age, body mass index, and CrCl were 61 (31–90) years, 31.2 (15.1–55.5) kg/m2, and 86 (15–221) mL/min, respectively. After the Bayesian step, r2, bias, and precision were 0.97, 0.04, and 1.44 μg/mL, respectively. Mean (SD) parameters for ICU (n = 13) and non-ICU (n = 12) patients were not significantly different (p > 0.05): volume of central compartment (17.3 [11.2] vs 18.5 [11.7] L), Cl (10.1 [10.2] vs 15.5 [16.9] L/h), k12 (4.7 [4.7] vs 4.7 [4.8] h−1), and k21 (7.1 [5.5] vs 5.7 [5.3] h−1), respectively. Optimal target attainments were obtained for patients with normal renal function up to MICs of 2 μg/mL with a dose of 500 mg every 8 hours as 1-hour and 4-hour infusions. CONCLUSIONS Doripenem pharmacokinetics were similar between ICU and non-ICU patients in this population. Optimal dosing regimens should be selected based on underlying renal function and suspected MIC of the infecting pathogen.
Spontaneous Subcapsular Splenic Hematoma Associated with Filgrastim in a Patient Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Ganetsky Alex , Kucharczuk Colleen , Percio Sarah Del , Frey Noelle , Gill Saar 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE To report the development of a spontaneous subcapsular splenic hematoma following filgrastim administration in a patient undergoing an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old female with myelodysplastic syndrome was admitted for a reduced-intensity allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant from an unrelated donor. She received filgrastim 5 μg/kg starting on day 1 to accelerate neutrophil recovery. On day 5, she began reporting severe left chest-wall pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen/pelvis revealed a spontaneous subcapsular splenic hematoma. Upon discontinuation of filgrastim, the pain fully resolved. The patient was subsequently rechallenged with filgrastim, which led to recurrence of the left-sided chest-wall pain. Filgrastim was discontinued and the patient reported resolution of the pain. DISCUSSION Filgrastim has been associated with splenic hematoma and splenic rupture, predominantly in healthy donors undergoing mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells. Although splenic rupture attributed to filgrastim in a patient undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been reported, to our knowledge, this is the first case report to establish causality. Using the Naranjo probability scale, an objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse drug event was highly probable. CONCLUSIONS Although filgrastim-induced splenomegaly, splenic hematomas, and splenic rupture are rare, clinicians working in the bone marrow transplant setting should be cognizant of the potential of growth factors to cause these adverse events.
Optimization of Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Venezuelan Rosemary Leaves
Authors: Caldera Gabriela , Figueroa Yalitza , Vargas Maritza , Santos Diego T. , Marquina-Chidsey Germania 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The extraction of the antioxidant compounds from rosemary can be achieved by means of various processes, such as hydrodistillation, soxhlet extraction, microwave-accelerated hydrodistillation (MAHD) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The aim of our study was to optimize SFE variables such as extraction pressure, extraction temperature and static extraction time for the maximum extraction of carnosol and carnosic acid from Venezuelan rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) leaves by using 23 full factorial and Box-Behnken designs and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The chemical characterization of the supercritical fluid extracts was achieved by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the antioxidant activity was determined by the peroxide index assay. For the extraction of carnosol, the variables of extraction temperature and static extraction time were statistically significant, and for the extraction of carnosic acid, only the extraction temperature-static extraction time interaction was significant. At a fixed pressure, the highest extraction of carnosol and carnosic acid were achieved when the operational extraction conditions of extraction temperature and static extraction time were set at 48°C for 69 min and 64°C for 57 min, respectively. SFE extracts presented higher antioxidant activities than commercial and soxhlet extracts, and pure dibutyl hidroxytoluene (BHT). Since the carnosic acid/carnosol ratios presented in our SFE extracts are higher than those from other countries, possibly it would be expected that higher antioxidant activity values would be obtained for the Venezuelan extracts.
A generalized Stoilow decomposition for pairs of mappings of integrable dilatation
Authors: Lorent Andrew 
Published: April 2013

Abstract.
We prove a rigidity result for pairs of mappings of integrable dilatation whose gradients pointwise deform the unit ball to similar ellipses. Our result implies as corollaries a version of the generalized
Stoilow decomposition provided by Theorem 5.5.1 of
[Elliptic Partial Differential Equations and Quasiconformal Mappings in the Plane, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2009] and the two-dimensional rigidity result of [Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations (2012), DOI 10.1007/s00526-012-0566-4] for mappings whose symmetric part of gradient agrees.

Specifically let

u
,
v
∈

W

1
,
2

(
Ω
,

ℝ
2

)

${u,v\in W^{1,2}(\Omega ,\mathbb {R}^2)}$

where

det
(
D
u
)
>
0

${\det (Du)&gt;0}$

,

det
(
D
v
)
>
0

${\det (Dv)&gt;0}$

a.e. and u is a mapping of integrable dilatation. Suppose for
a.e.

z
∈
Ω

${z\in \Omega }$

we have

D
u

(
z
)

T

D
u

(
z
)

=
λ
D
v

(
z
)

T

D
v

(
z
)

for

some

λ
>
0

.

$
Du(z)^T Du(z)=\lambda Dv(z)^T Dv(z) \quad \text{for some ${\lambda &gt;0}$.}
$

Then there exists a meromorphic function ψ and a homeomorphism

w
∈

W

1
,
1

(
Ω
:

ℝ
2

)

${w\in W^{1,1}(\Omega :\mathbb {R}^2)}$

such that

D
u

(
z
)

=
𝒫

ψ
(
w
(
z
)
)

D
v

(
z
)

$
Du(z)=\mathcal {P}\bigl (\psi (w(z))\bigr )Dv(z)
$

where

𝒫

(
a
+
i
b
)

=

a

-
b

b

a

.

$
{\mathcal {P}(a+ib)= \binom{a \quad -b}{b \quad a}}.
$

We show by example that this result is sharp in the sense that there can be no continuous relation between the gradients of D
u and D
v on a dense open connected subset of Ω unless one of the mappings is of integrable dilatation.
On metrically complete Bruhat–Tits buildings
Authors: Martin Benjamin , Schillewaert Jeroen , Steinke Günter F. , Struyve Koen 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Metrical completeness for Bruhat-Tits buildings is a natural and useful condition. In this paper we determine which Bruhat-Tits buildings are metrically complete up to certain cases involving infinite-dimensionality and residue characteristic 2.
Global shutter pixels with correlated double sampling for CMOS image sensors
Authors: Meynants Guy 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This article describes the operation and performance of global shutter pixels with correlated double sampling for CMOS image sensors. Correlated double sampling is required to keep the read noise at a level comparable to interline transfer CCDs. A pixel with voltage domain in-pixel sampling of the floating diffusion reset and signal levels is explained and its noise performance is modeled. The saturation level of this pixel is analyzed and parasitic light sensitivity is discussed. The pixel is benchmarked against other global shutter pixels that allow correlated double sampling, based upon charge domain in-pixel storage.
Die American Antiquarian Society wurde 200
Authors: Gabel Gernot U. 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung:
Die American Antiquarian Society wurde 1812 gegründet mit dem Ziel, die schriftlichen Zeugnisse der frühen Besiedlung des Kontinents zu sammeln und zu bewahren. Der privat finanzierte Verein wurde zunächst wie ein Herrenclub geführt und entwickelte sich erst im 20. Jahrhundert zu einer Vereinigung mit breitgefächerter Mitgliedschaft, die heute internationales Renommee genießt wegen ihrer einzigartigen Kollektion an gedruckten Materialien aus der frühen Geschichte der amerikanischen Nation.
Open Access – ein Aspekt ethischer Grundsätze?
Authors: Boyer Jens 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung:
Das Prinzip des Open Access wird in der bibliothekarischen Praxis vorrangig anhand von rechtlichen, technischen, finanziellen und strukturellen Fragestellungen thematisiert. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die ethischen Aspekte von Open Access angesichts der Bedeutung dieses Prinzips für den freien Zugang zu Informationen anhand eines Vergleichs der ethischen Kodizes der Berufsverbände Bibliothek und Information Deutschland (BID), American Library Assocation (ALA) und International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).
Das 10. Symposium „Handschriften und Alte Drucke“ in Blaubeuren
Authors: Paasch Kathrin 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung:
Auf dem 10. Symposium „Handschriften und Alte Drucke“ das vom 22. bis 24. Oktober 2012 von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Handschriften und Alte Drucke beim DBV in Zusammenarbeit mit der Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen und dem Verein deutscher Bibliothekare veranstaltet wurde, diskutierten 44 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz über neueste Entwicklungen bei der Erhaltung, Erwerbung, Erschließung historischer Handschriften- und Buchbestände und über den Umgang mit historischen Sammlungen. Der Beitrag berichtet über die Schwerpunkte dieser Veranstaltung.
False myths and legends in laboratory diagnostics
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Plebani Mario 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Remarkable advances in understanding human biology in health and disease, propelled by technological innovations, have contributed to an increase in the number and quality of diagnostic tests. This evolving scenario has been accompanied by the proliferation of false myths and legends in laboratory diagnostics, consuming valuable human and economic resources and jeopardizing the clinical reasoning. The aim of this article is to provide a synthetic overview about some paradigmatic examples of false beliefs in laboratory diagnostics involving activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), cardiospecific troponins, ischemia modified albumin (IMA), D-dimer, prostate specific antigen (PSA), dibucaine number, Bence Jones protein (BJP), lipoprotein(a), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), potassium and reference ranges. Although the suggestive cases described in this article are not intended to be comprehensive, we hope that their description may help remove some mysticisms in laboratory diagnostics.
Analog of selfduality in dimension nine
Authors: Fino Anna , Nurowski Paweł 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

We introduce a type of Riemannian geometry in nine dimensions,
which can be viewed as the counterpart of selfduality in four
dimensions. This geometry is related to a 9-dimensional
irreducible representation of

S
O
(
3
)
×
S
O
(
3
)

$\textup {SO}(3) \times \textup {SO}(3)$

and
it turns out to be defined by a differential 4-form. Structures
admitting a metric connection with totally antisymmetric torsion
and preserving the 4-form are studied in detail, producing locally homogeneous examples which can be viewed as analogs of self-dual 4-manifolds in dimension nine.
Fetal death associated with diffuse mesangial sclerosis combined with bilateral multicystic kidney
Authors: Bellini Martina , Rizzuti Tommaso , Ardissino Gianluigi , Boito Simona , Fogliani Roberto , Lalatta Faustina 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Prenatal diagnosis of kidney disease has been greatly increased due to the improvement of antenatal ultrasound techniques, even if a level of uncertainty in differential diagnosis still leads to difficulties in the prediction of fetal outcome and in the counseling of parents. We have followed with ultrasound a 36-year-old secundigravida, referred for fetal renal ultrasound evaluation because of enlarged bilateral cystic kidneys and anhydramnios. Karyotype was normal (46,XY). On the 21st week, the kidneys were slightly enlarged with normal morphology. Beginning with the 28th week, repeated scans showed a reduction of amniotic fluid and an increasing number of renal cysts. Pregnancy was followed to the 37th week when fetal death occurred without warning. Postmortem gross examination showed bilateral enlarged kidneys and histology-defined diffuse mesangial sclerosis with poorly developed cortex and renal dysplasia with multiple cysts. This is an unusual case of multiple renal congenital abnormalities difficult to interpret and which made necessary a multidisciplinary approach due to its complexity. Nevertheless, etiology was not defined. The broad spectrum of antenatal manifestation of prenatally onset kidney diseases requires the identification of more prognostic signs to define fetal outcome and improve parental guidance.
Applying systems biology in drug discovery and development
Authors: Galizzi Jean-Pierre , Lockhart Brian Paul , Bril Antoine 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Translational research is a continuum between clinical and basic research where the patient is the center of the research process. It brings clinical research to a starting point for the drug discovery process, permitting the generation of a more robust pathophysiological hypothesis essential for a better selection of drug targets and candidate optimization. It also establishes the basis of early proof for clinical concept studies, preferably in phase I, for which biomarkers and surrogate endpoints can often be used. Systems biology is a prerequisite approach to translational research where technologies and expertise are integrated and articulated to support efficient and productive realization of this concept. The first component of systems biology relies on omics-based technologies and integrates the changes in variables, such as genes, proteins and metabolites, into networks that are responsible for an organism’s normal and diseased state. The second component of systems biology is in the domain of computational methods, where simulation and modeling create hypotheses of signaling pathways, transcription networks, physiological processes or even cell- or organism-based models. The simulations aim to show the origin of perturbations of the system that lead to pathological states and what treatment could be achieved to ameliorate or normalize the system. This review discusses how translational research and systems biology together could improve global understanding of drug targets, suggest new targets and approaches for therapeutics, and provide a deeper understanding of drug effects. Taken together, these types of analyses can lead to new therapeutic options while improving the safety and efficacy of new and existing medications.
From ring epimorphisms to universal localisations
Authors: Marks Frederik , Vitória Jorge 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
For a fixed ring, different classes of ring epimorphisms and localisation maps are compared. In fact, we provide sufficient conditions for a ring epimorphism to be a universal localisation. Furthermore, we consider recollements induced by some homological ring epimorphisms and investigate whether they yield recollements of derived module categories.
Averaging operators over nondegenerate quadratic surfaces in finite fields
Authors: Koh Doowon 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
We study
mapping properties of the averaging operator related to the variety

V
=
{
x
∈

𝔽
q
d

:
Q

(
x
)

=
0
}

$ V=\lbrace x\in \mathbb {F}_q^d: Q(x)=0\rbrace $

, where Q(x) is a nondegenerate quadratic polynomial over a finite field
𝔽
q
with q elements. This paper is devoted to eliminating the logarithmic bound
proved by Koh and Shen (to appear in Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc.). As a consequence, we settle down the averaging problems over the quadratic surfaces V in the case when the dimensions d ≥ 4 are even and V contains a d/2-dimensional subspace.
Melamine-formaldehyde resin supported H+-catalyzed three-component synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives in water and under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Rezaei Ramin , Khalifeh Reza , Rajabzadeh Maryam , Dorosty Liela , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
A convenient and practical synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives using various aldehydes, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione and thiourea in water, was successfully carried out in the presence of melamine-formaldehyde resin supported H+ (MFRH) as a catalyst. Under solvent-free conditions, rapid and efficient synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine and N-substituted 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine derivatives could also be achieved using ammonium acetate and aromatic amines as the nitrogen source.
New heterocyclic chalcones. Part 6. Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of 5- or 6-(3-aryl- 2-propenoyl)-2(3H)-benzoxazolones
Authors: Ivanova Yordanka B. , Momekov Georgi T. , Petrov Ognyan I. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
A number of chalcones bearing an oxazole cycle were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 5-acetyl-2(3H)-benzoxazolone or 6-acetyl-2(3H)-benzoxazolone and the appropriate aldehydes. The chalcones were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against several tumor cell lines – BV-173 (human B cell precursor leukemia), MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (human breast adenocarcinoma) using the MTT-dye reduction assay. The tested compounds exhibit concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects at micromolar concentrations. Exposure of the BV-173 tumor cell line to compound 3f results in strong mono- and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of genomic DNA, as evidenced by a ‘cell death detection’ ELISA kit, which unambiguously indicates that the induction of apoptosis is implicated in the cytotoxic mode of action of the tested compound.
Poly(ethylene)glycol/AlCl3 as a new and efficient system for multicomponent Biginelli-type synthesis of pyrimidinone derivatives
Authors: Amoozadeh Ali , Rahmani Salman , Nemati Firouzeh 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Biginelli condensation of aldehydes, cyclopentanone and urea or thiourea in poly(ethylene)glycol 400, at 45°C in the presence of aluminum chloride as a highly efficient catalyst has been developed. The reaction is very fast, clean and environmentally benign for the synthesis of a vast variety of pyrimidinone derivatives.
Tailoring the effect of antibacterial polyelectrolyte multilayers by choice of cellulosic fiber substrate
Authors: Illergård Josefin , Römling Ute , Wågberg Lars , Ek Monica 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
There is a need for new, antibacterial cellulose-based materials. Antibacterial cellulosic fibers with irreversibly attached polyvinylamine (PVAm) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) in multilayers were developed based on a water-based physical adsorption process. The antibacterial substance is thus prevented from leaching, in contrast to materials containing, for example, silver. It was shown on fibers from different sources that the antibacterial effect against both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis can be tailored. The efficiency correlated with the initial fiber charge, which in turn correlated with the amount of adsorbed PVAm. In the case of highly charged fibers, the antibacterial efficacy was more than 99.9%. A sustainable antibacterial material can be obtained in a simple way based on a water-based process.
Determination of cohesive laws in wood bonded joints under mode I loading using the DCB test
Authors: Silva Filipe G.A. , Xavier Jose , Pereira Fábio A.M. , Morais José J.L. , Dourado Nuno , Moura Marcelo F.S.F. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The cohesive laws (CLs) have been investigated by means of direct and inverse methods concerning wood bonded joints under pure mode I. The experimental results were obtained by tests with double cantilever beam. The direct method is based on the differentiation of the relation between strain energy release rate and crack opening displacement at the crack tip. An equivalent crack method was used to evaluate the strain energy release rate in the course of the test without monitoring the crack length, which is difficult to observe exactly. The crack opening displacement was determined by postprocessing local displacements measured by digital image correlation. The inverse method requires a previous assumption of the CL shape, and as such, a trilinear law with bilinear softening relationship was selected. The cohesive parameters were identified by an optimization procedure involving a developed genetic algorithm. The idea is to minimize an objective function that quantifies the difference between the experimental and the numerical load-displacement curves resulting from the application of a given law. A validation procedure was performed based on a numerical analysis with finite elements. Both methods in focus provided good agreement with the experimental data. It was observed that CLs adopted by the inverse method are consistent with the ones obtained with the direct method.
Chemical and biochemical approaches to the production of 7-hydroxylated C19-steroids
Authors: Ferroud Clotilde , Revial Gilbert , Morfin Robert 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Interest has developed into 7-hydroxylated derivatives of 3β-hydroxylated C19-steroids, such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and epiandrosterone because of their effects on inflammation, immune response, and cell repair. These steroids are not currently available from commercial sources, and it is necessary to produce them for relevant studies. We report here the chemical and biochemical approaches that were used for their production. Simplified chemical approaches lead to the production of 7α-/7β-hydroxy-DHEA and 7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone in gram quantities, which are made available to researchers. Biochemical approaches were used to produce isotope-labeled compounds. Thus, 2H-, 3H-, and 14C-labeled 7α-/7β-hydroxy-DHEA and 7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone could be produced in quantities sufficient for use in investigations into their mode of action.