bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of the use of artificial intelligence in the field of anti-corruption
Authors: Мусаев С.И. 
Published: July 2024

Цель исследования – рассмотреть положительные и отрицательные аспекты использования системы искусственного интеллекта в сфере государственной деятельности по выявлению и предупреждению преступлений коррупционной направленности на примере «Посейдона». Проводится анализ эффективности использования таких систем с учётом особенностей рассматриваемой категории преступлений. Из положительных аспектов можно отметить мобильность системы, облегчение с помощью неё ряда задач, ускорение процессов, требующих непосредственное участие субъектов предупреждения коррупционных преступлений. Недостатками же будут отсутствие опыта использования системы, возможные технические сбои и информационные риски, такие как утечка данных и так далее. Тем не менее, разработка и внедрение системы «Посейдон», конечно же, говорит об избрании цифровизации государственной деятельности по предупреждению коррупционной преступности в качестве одного из приоритетных направлений, что, как следствие будет иметь положительную динамику и результаты.
The purpose of the study is to consider the positive and negative aspects of using an artificial intelligence system in the field of government activities to identify and prevent corruption-related crimes using the example of Poseidon. An analysis of the effectiveness of using such systems is carried out, taking into account the characteristics of the category of crimes under consideration. Among the positive aspects, one can note the mobility of the system, facilitating a number of tasks with its help, and speeding up processes that require the direct participation of subjects in the prevention of corruption crimes. The disadvantages will be the lack of experience in using the system, possible technical failures and information risks, such as data leakage and so on. However, the development and implementation of the Poseidon system, of course, indicates the choice of digitalization of government activities to prevent corruption crime as one of the priority areas, which, as a result, will have positive dynamics and results.
Abroad school-based drug education programs: common and specific features
Authors: Гизятова Л.А. 
Published: July 2024

В последние десятилетия в воспитательной деятельности школ широкое использование получили программы антинаркотического воспитания учащихся. Они помогают педагогам формировать у учащихся установки на здоровый образ жизни, раскрывать их личностный потенциал, развивать навыки сопротивления давлению. Несмотря на накопленный опыт использования подобных программ в нашей стране, задача обновления идей и поиска новых, более совершенных форм и методов реализации антинаркотического воспитания учащихся сохраняет актуальность. Статья ставит целью проанализировать зарубежные программы антинаркотического воспитания, реализованные в британских школах и выявить их общие и отличные черты. Анализу и сравнению подвергается содержание и структура программ, цели, целевая аудитория, уровни реализации программ и другие характеристики.
In recent decades school-based drug education programs are widely used in teaching and educational activities of schools. They help teachers to form students' attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle, reveal their personal potential, and develop pressure resistance skills. Despite the accumulated experience of using such programs in our country, the task of updating ideas and searching for new, more advanced and efficient forms and methods of implementing drug education of students remains relevant. The article aims to analyze foreign school-based drug education programs implemented in British schools and identify their common and specific features. The content and structure of programs, goals, target audience, levels of program implementation and other characteristics are analyzed and compared.
Development level of a comfortable urban environment in the Yamal-Nenets autonomous district and the Arkhangelsk region
Authors: Лупачева Д.О. , Степанова В.В. 
Published: July 2024

Анализ уровня комфортной городской среды, в городах Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа и Архангельской области. Анализ реализации национально проекта «Жилье и городская среда», федерального проекта «Формирование комфортной городской среды». Оценка эффективности реализации проекта с помощью Индекса качества городской среды в Ямало-Ненецком автономном округе и Архангельской области. Динамика индекса качества городской среды в период 2020-2022 гг. Анализ финансирования проекта на региональном уровне. По результатам исследования был сделан вывод, что индекс качества городской среды увеличился в период с 2020-2022гг в обоих регионах. В ЯНАО анализ эффективности реализации регионального проекта по индексу качества показал, что с 2020 по 2022 год региону удалось увеличить число городов с благоприятной средой на две единицы. Что касается среднего индекса качества городской среды по ЯНАО, можно отметить, что за весь рассматриваемый период он был выше целевых значений по проекту и выше среднего показателя в Архангельской области.
Analysis of the level of a comfortable urban environment in the cities of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Arkhangelsk Region. Analysis of the implementation of the national project “Housing and Urban Environment”, the federal project “Formation of a Comfortable Urban Environment”. Assessing the effectiveness of project implementation using the Urban Environment Quality Index in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Arkhangelsk Region. Dynamics of the urban environment quality index in the period 2020-2022. Analysis of project financing at the regional level. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the urban environmental quality index increased between 2020 and 2022 in both regions. In the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, an analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of a regional project based on the quality index showed that from 2020 to 2022 the region managed to increase the number of cities with a favorable environment by two. As for the average urban environment quality index for the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, it can be noted that for the entire period under review it was higher than the target values for the project and higher than the average in the Arkhangelsk region.
Conversational Implicature in debate between Ali Bapir and Mala Bakhtyar.
Authors: Nori Rasul Babarasul , Ali Husein Muhsin 
Published: July 2024

The result of the speech of one of the important pragmatic theories has a prominent place in the researches, the image of most of the natural languages is united in this point, which the speeches of the language speak in the face, but in the content it has a hidden meaning, And this is the meaning of it in the appropriate surroundings This theory originated by Grace, in Grace's opinion, the statements in some positions do not show the purpose.
In this research, it has been tried to explain how to overcome the basics and how can the listener understand the speeches and make sense of them? Especially in the debate, the sender and the recipient change their roles, so adherence to the basic symmetry of cooperation that goes on its way, but the introduction of the basics will cause them to explain more about their speech, so they need to answer each other several times and explain give him more.
The effect of political factors on agricultural land ownership and grain crops in Erbil Governorate 1975-1991
Authors: Abdullah Ismael Najmaddin , Muhammad Qader Mahdi 
Published: July 2024

This research is entitled the impact of political factors on the ownership of agricultural land and cereal crops in Erbil province in 1975-1991. During the research, the agricultural situation in Erbil province was of special importance for economic development. These include the industrial and commercial sectors, as agricultural products have become an important resource used as raw materials in the industrial sector, in addition to agricultural activities and products have affected the movement and trade processes and exchange. Whether in domestic or foreign trade. Ownership of agricultural land in Erbil province has been under the influence of the Agricultural Reform Law to regulate and improve agricultural land. Based on several official government data and statistics obtained, the impact of political events in Iraq and Kurdistan on the ownership of agricultural land and grain crops in Erbil province between 1975-1991 is presented.
The slave class of Sparta City State in the fifth century B.C
Authors: Mohammed Sabir Dilman 
Published: July 2024

One of the most important social classes of Spartan city-state society was the slaves, known as the Helots. They were the majority of the other classes. As a result of Sparta's colonialist operations, most of its population was enslaved, especially both regions of Laconian and Messenia, this class belonged to the state in terms of ownership, so they were used for many political and economic purposes and whatever heavy responsibilities were on their shoulders, on the other hand they were harshly supervised, because these were basically free people and forced As slaves, they therefore constantly tried to be free and regain their citizenship, until they carried out several rebellions and revolutions, known in human history as the Spartan Slave Revolution in the 5th century BC.
This research, shed light on the characteristics of the slave class in the city-state of Sparta and the early stages of slavery in and their differences from other Social classes, then the way they were treated by the rulers of the city-state and revolted this class for their elementary rights, against the rulers of the city-state of Sparta.
Book Review
Authors: Ghanmi Rabeb 
Published: July 2024

This review critiques The Psychology of Multilingualism: Concepts, Theories and Application by Lajos Göncz whose research contributed extensively to the field of psychology of bilingualism and minority studies. In light of the quintessential body of research investigating bilingualism and multilingualism as intriguing complex phenomena, this book provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to the research of bi- and multilingualism. Göncz approaches bi-/multilingualism as a cognitively challenging experience from a psychological, individual, and societal perspective. Basic concepts, theories, and definitions related to the psychological regularities of multilingualism are discussed in the book. Göncz also explores bi-/multilingualism from the perspective of developmental and personality psychology, elucidating the effect of speaking multiple languages on emotions, behavior, and cognitive development. Additionally, issues pertaining to the social psychology of multilingualism, including biculturalism, multiculturalism, and cultural diversity, are scrutinized, offering insights into the importance of preserving minority languages and cultures. The book also touches upon the educational aspects of the psychology of multilingualism, revisiting models of bi-/multilingual education that might be implemented to stimulate language development in the dominant as well as in the minority language.
Ground-Based Pyrethroid Adulticides Reduce Mosquitoes But Not Nontarget Insects in Central Florida
Authors: Hart Jacob D. , Pandolfi Alessandra , Jones Theressa , Jenkins David G. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
As stewards of public and environmental health, mosquito control agencies are rightfully concerned about impacts on nontarget organisms. This study examined the impact of a modern, pyrethroid based ground adulticide program using ultra-low volume applications in a metropolitan county in central Florida. Nontarget insects and mosquitoes were collected in a before-after control-impact design at 21 sites over 1.5 years. While mosquitoes were reduced, we found no evidence for reduction of nontarget insects, regardless of taxon. Night-flying Lepidoptera may experience greater risk than other nontarget taxa, but overall effects of adulticide missions on this group were low and inconsistent. Instead, meteorology, habitat, and phenology dominate patterns of nontarget abundance. Mosquito reduction was more clearly observed and corrected post-mission reduction was consistent with results expected in complex urban and suburban treatment zones.
Producción de lípidos a partir de microalgas psicrofílicas, presentes en los glaciares antárticos para la síntesis de biodiesel
Authors: Huilca Geovanny , Licto Lissete , Flores Ronny , Proaño Freddy 
Published: July 2024

Las microalgas han tenido un impacto negativo en la calidad sensorial en general. Las microalgas psicrofílicas viven en ambientes de frío extremo. Además, su crecimiento aumenta porque tienen en su estructura enzimas que solo se adaptan a temperaturas por debajo de 0 °C. Por este motivo, el Laboratorio de Química Sostenible de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, junto con el Instituto Antártico del Ecuador (INAE), realizó una expedición en Greenwich, Roberts, Dee, Barrientos y Antarctic Towers donde se recolectaron varias colecciones de microalgas, donde se analizaron 15 muestras de Greenwich Island y Roberts durante 21 días en diferentes niveles de temperatura, de los géneros Chlorella sp, Chlorococcum sp y Stichococcus sp. Posteriormente, se realizó el aislamiento en placas Petri para obtener cultivos de monoalgal. Cada uno de los géneros aislados se masificó en un volumen de 5 ml hasta alcanzar un volumen de 250 ml en medio M1 modificado a una temperatura de 4 °C y 24 °C, 5000 lux y un fotoperíodo de 12:12 horas. El método de Bligh & Dyer se utilizó para la extracción de lípidos. Los valores de la concentración de lípidos mostraron que el género Chlorella sp tiene la concentración más alta con un valor de 0,2802 mg/ml a 4 °C y un valor de 2.6704 mg/ml a 24 °C, el día 22 de su fase exponencial en comparación con los géneros Chlorococcum y Stichococcus sp
Anthropogenic effects on physical landscape: A case study of Purmandal and Uttar Behni in Samba district of Jammu and Kashmir UT
Authors: Raja Ramaiz , Arif Sahifa 
Published: July 2024

The study “ Anthropogenic effects on physical landscape” has been carried out in Purmandal and Uttar Behni area of Samba district in Jammu and Kashmir. The study area Purmandal is a tehsil in Samba district of the state Jammu and Kashmir and lies between 32.370N-32.440N latitude and 74.940E-750.00Elongitude. This area is about 37km away from Jammu in south eastern side and connected with NH 44A from Bari Brahamna. It is an empirical deductive study in which field tour of three days was conducted in order to assess the area i.e role of humans in shaping the physical landscape. Detailed study was done and photographs were taken as an evidence of Anthropogenic effects. This study has revealed that Purmandal and Uttar Behni have witnessed many types of anthropogenic activities. Anthropogenic influences in the area are clearly perceptible in agriculture, mining, transportation, construction, and deforestation activities. The study has revealed the relationship between level of modernization and contrasting influence of agricultural practices on natural landscape. The study focuses on various anthropogenic dimensions in the context of the study area which includes Purmandal and Uttar Behni. The Purmandal area is suffering from various effects which are caused or played by human. These effects are in term of agricultural practices, infrastructural development, cutting of forests for domestic fuel as well as for timber and also for clearing of land to make it good for agricultural practices. To prove the anthropogenic effects on the landscape, field observations have been the main source of information. Besides few prominent local persons as well revenue officer were interviewed to make assessment of the changes taken place in the area.
Alloy Development and Material Issues with Increasing Steam Temperature
Authors: Masuyama Fujimitsu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the later half of the last century great progress in alloy development for power applications was seen to improve thermal efficiency with increasing steam temperature. Meanwhile, many material-related troubles have been experienced due to rising temperature and uncertainty in the properties of fabricated metal. For further improvement in the thermal efficiency of fossil-fired power plants with ultra supercritical steam parameter conditions aiming at temperatures above 700°C, alloy development concepts and material issues with increasing steam temperature must be reviewed and discussed. In this paper new findings in the areas of alloy developments, creep failure in base metal and weldments, thermal fatigue failure and steam oxidation/hot corrosion are presented and discussed, as well as the economical aspect of material development, which is essential to realize unprecedented ultra supercritical steam conditions.
Construction Planning for 600/620 °C USC Boilers in Japan
Authors: Iwasaki Tetsuya , Kajigaya Ichiro , Nakagawa Hirokatsu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Japanese USC-PC units successfully operate with steam temperatures of 610°C (1130°F). IHI is developing the next generation of USC-PC boilers, targeting 620°C (1150°F) for improved efficiency. Investigations are underway for even higher 700°C (1290°F) steam temperatures. IHI collaborates with turbine manufacturers to create reliable and efficient boiler-turbine packages for both new and existing power plants.
Supercritical Fossil Steam Plants: Operational Issues and Design Needs for Advanced Plants
Authors: Armor A.F. , Viswanathan R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As electricity markets become increasingly competitive, ultrasupercritical power plants must operate efficiently and flexibly. This necessitates attention to equipment design features and optimal material selection. Early studies by EPRI highlighted the need for boiler and steam turbine design improvements, as well as material advances, to enable the flexible operation of advanced supercritical units. Improvements such as turbine rotor cooling, cycling capability through improved control systems, enhanced blade tip sealing designs, turbine vibration control approaches, and erosion-resistant control stage designs were required. With ultrasupercritical plants moving towards even higher steam temperatures exceeding 700°C, these concerns need to be revisited from both metallurgical and design perspectives. Furthermore, features for efficiency improvements beyond advanced steam conditions should be considered, while minimizing environmental emissions like CO2. This paper reviews the needs for future ultrasupercritical plants with steam temperatures approaching or exceeding 700°C.
Considerations in Fabricating USC Boiler Components from Advanced High Temperature Materials
Authors: Mohn Walter R. , Tanzosh James M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The construction of highly efficient, coal-burning Ultra Supercritical (USC) boiler systems to operate with steam temperatures up to 760°C (1400°F) and with steam pressures up to 35 MPa (5000 psi) will require the use of advanced high temperature, high strength materials. As part of a 5-year project to develop boiler materials for advanced USC power plants, principally funded by the Department of Energy (U.S. DOE No. DE-FG26-01NT41175) and the Ohio Coal Development Office (OCDO No. D-00-20), six alloys have been selected for development and implementation in USC boiler systems. The selected alloys are Haynes 230 (produced by Haynes International), Inconel 740 (produced by Special Metals Corp.), CCA 617 (produced by Krupp VDM GMBH), HR6W, Super 304H, and SAVE 12 (all three produced by Sumitomo Metal Industries). In this project, one of the goals has been to establish boiler fabrication guidelines for the use of these alloys. The principal objectives have been 1) to understand the behavior of these materials when subjected to conventional boiler fabrication processes, 2) to determine the thermomechanical treatments or other actions necessary to restore material properties which might degrade due to fabrication operations, and 3) to investigate prototypical manufacturing operations for producing both thick wall components (such as headers) and thin wall components (such as superheaters) from the USC alloys. This paper discusses some of the characteristics of these alloys, describes the technical approach used to assess their fabricability, and presents some of the results that have thus far been generated in this task effort.
Practical Experience with Advanced Steels
Authors: Parker Jonathan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
With the desire for higher operating temperatures and pressures to improve the thermal efficiency of new power generating plant there have been significant changes in the materials used. For operation up to 620°C, a new range of ferritic steels with 9-13%Cr has been developed. With proper control of composition and heat treatment these materials, including Grades 91 and 92,exhibit predominantly martensitic microstructures and a good balance between strength and ductility. However, fabrication processes such as welding and bending, normally combined with extreme operating conditions have resulted in in-service damage. Examples of factors leading to accelerated creep, creep fatigue and oxidation damage are described.
Sandvik Sanicro 25, A New Material for Ultrasupercritical Coal Fired Boilers
Authors: Rautio R. , Bruce S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The power generation industry worldwide aims to develop coal-fired boilers operating at much higher efficiencies than current supercritical plants. This increased efficiency is expected through ultrasupercritical steam conditions, requiring new materials for critical components. To limit the use of expensive alloying materials, it is necessary to maximize the strength and corrosion capabilities across the material spectrum from ferritic to austenitic and nickel-based alloys. Sandvik Materials Technology has developed an austenitic alloy, Sanicro 25, with excellent high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance using an economical alloy composition. The alloy is designed for use within 700°C (1300°F)/300 bar (4500 psi) steam conditions and is a leading candidate material for such high-temperature applications. This paper introduces Sanicro 25, its development status, and properties.
Properties of a Newly Developed 18Cr-9NI-Nb-V-W-N-Low C Austenitic Boiler Tube
Authors: Tetsuo Ishitsuka , Hiroyuki Mimura , Hiroshi Morimoto , Mitsuhiro Matsumoto , Manabu Mizumoto , Junich Okamoto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A new 18Cr-9Ni-Nb-V-W-N-low C austenitic boiler tube (XA704) has been developed. Conventional high-strength austenitic stainless steel boiler tubes usually have high susceptibility to intergranular corrosion because of their high carbon content, and require special care for heated sections such as weld joints. Generally, when the carbon content decreases, the intergranular corrosion resistance improves, while the creep strength reduces. However, the creep strength of the developed steel is very high despite lower carbon content in comparison to conventional austenitic boiler tubes. The high temperature strength and the intergranular corrosion resistance of the steel are superior to those of conventional 18Cr steels such as TP347H. This excellent creep strength of XA704 is mainly due to precipitation strengthening by CrVN, and solid solution strengthening by tungsten and nitrogen. Matching welding consumables for the developed steel have also been developed. Thus, newly developed XA704 is a promising material for superheater and reheater tubes for the “600°C generation” of USC boilers. XA704 has already been used in six power plants in Japan. Currently, the steel is being standardized in the ASME Code.