bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of biochemical markers in the early post-burn period for predicting acute kidney injury and mortality in patients with major burn injury: comparison of serum creatinine, serum cystatin-C, plasma and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
Authors: Yang Hyeong Tae , Yim Haejun , Cho Yong Suk , Kym Dohern , Hur Jun , Kim Jong Hyun , Chun Wook , Kim Hyun Soo 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Introduction
The reported mortality rates range from 28% to 100% in burn patients who develop acute kidney injury (AKI) and from 50% to 100% among such patients treated with renal replacement therapy. Recently, the serum cystatin C and plasma and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels have been introduced as early biomarkers for AKI; the levels of these biomarkers are known to increase 24 to 48 hours before the serum creatinine levels increase. In this study, we aimed to estimate the diagnostic utility of the cystatin C and plasma and urine NGAL levels in the early post-burn period as biomarkers for predicting AKI and mortality in patients with major burn injuries.

Methods
From May 2011 to July 2012, 90 consecutive patients with a burn wound area comprising ≥ 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA) were enrolled in this study. Whole blood and urine samples were obtained for measuring the serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, and urine and plasma NGAL levels at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after admission. Receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the predictive values of these biomarkers for AKI and mortality.

Results
In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, all variables, including age, percentage TBSA burned, sex, inhalation injury, and serum creatinine levels, serum cystatin C levels, and plasma and urine NGAL levels were independently associated with AKI development. Moreover, age, sex, percentage TBSA burned, and plasma and urine NGAL levels were independently associated with mortality. However, inhalation injury and the serum creatinine and cystatin C levels were not independently associated with mortality.

Conclusions
Massively burned patients who maintained high plasma and urine NGAL levels until 12 hours after admission were at the risk of developing early AKI and early mortality with burn shock. However, the plasma and urine NGAL levels in the early post-burn period failed to predict late AKI and non-burn shock mortality in this study. Nevertheless, the plasma and urine NGAL levels were independently associated with AKI development and mortality within 48 hours after admission.
Prevalence of voice & swallowing complaints in Pre-operative thyroidectomy patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Holler Theresa , Anderson Jennifer 
Published: July 2014

Background Compressive symptoms are common in patients with thyroid disease and are an accepted indication for thyroidectomy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of voice and swallowing complaints in pre-operative thyroidectomy patients and to compare these with thyroid volume, thyroid pathology and laryngopharyngeal reflux. Methods A consecutive case series design was performed. All patients undergoing a thyroidectomy (partial or total) at a tertiary care centre during a 2 year period were invited to participate. Fifty nine (10 male, 49 female) aged 19–73 were enrolled (59.3% total thyroidectomy, 40.7% partial thyroidectomy). Voice and swallowing complaints were subjectively evaluated using the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and the Modified Swallowing Impairment Score (MSIS), respectively. All patients completed the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) and underwent videostroboscopy. Vocal function was objectively evaluated using perceptual ratings (GRBAS) and acoustic voice analysis (jitter, shimmer, maximum phonation time, maximum fundamental frequency range). The relationship between voice and swallowing symptoms was compared with thyroid volume and surgical pathology. Results and discussion The average VHI score was 8.39, representing normal voice scores. Of the objective voice measures, only jitter and a subset of GRBAS measures were slightly elevated. Swallowing complaints were reported at least “some of the time” by 25 patients (41.7%), and “often or always” by 16 patients (26.7%). Of the patients with voice and swallowing complaints, 68.4% and 56%, respectively, had elevated RSI scores consistent with laryngopharyngeal reflux. No correlation was found with thyroid volume or thyroid pathology. Conclusions Swallowing complaints appear to be common in pre-operative thyroidectomy patients. A large percentage, however, have associated laryngopharyngeal reflux which may in part account for these symptoms. Patients presenting with compressive thyroid symptoms should be evaluated for laryngopharyngeal reflux, and treated where appropriate.
Evaluating Secondary Education teachers’ attitudes and uses with ICTs
Authors: Valiente José Luis Guerrero 
Published: July 2014

This paper reports a study about Secondary Education teachers’ attitudes and uses of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the province of Cádiz (Andalusia, Spain). We employed a quantitative methodology, an online questionnaire, to be exact, surveyed to the entire target population. Outcomes comes from both a descriptive study, where response rates given by teachers were analyzed, and an inferential study, where some items were found significant for some variables: sex; age; degree; courses given; years of teaching experience; proficiency in ICT; and equipment available at the music room. We obtained a representative sample of 82 teachers and the results were analyzed taking into account issues such as teacher training, infrastructure of schools and the educational use of ICT.
A Naturalistic Study of an Australian Smoking Cessation Model in a Victorian Community Health Service With 12-Month Follow-Up
Authors: Buckley Christine , O'Dowd Diane , Gannon Katherine , Brennan Mark 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe current practice of treating smokers as a homogenous group fails to recognise and adequately address the vast range (10–80ng/mL) of nicotine plasma levels (Russell, 1990) found among smokers. The Bittoun Model (Bittoun, 2006) individualises treatment according to the level of nicotine dependency. A total of 115 participants were enrolled in a 12-month program review based on the Bittoun Combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) Algorithm (Bittoun, 2006). Participants found to be non nicotine dependent (Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence [FTND] = 0) (Heatherton et al., 1991) were excluded from the study. At 3 months, 52% (n = 99) of participants were total abstainers (self-reporting and expired CO ≤ 5ppm). Outcomes at 6 months (n = 58) and 12 months (n = 18; self-reporting) were 48% and 33% respectively. The Bittoun Model of Smoking Cessation offers an efficacious strategy for the assessment, management and delivery of tobacco intervention for the hard to treat smoker.
�It might have been sophisticated film music�: The role of the orchestra in stage and screen versions of Sweeney Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street
Authors: McGill Craig M. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
When Stephen Sondheim wrote his 1979 musical thriller Sweeney Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street, he aimed for it to feel like a horror film. As such, he drew upon methods from Classical Hollywood film scoring in order to sustain tension between musical numbers and provide clues about the drama. In 2007, the musical was adapted into a film directed by Tim Burton, and thus Sondheim�s music became a film score. Though much of the score is built upon Sondheim�s original work, new scenes required the development of new music. This article considers the role of the orchestra in both the original production of Sweeney Todd and in the film using theories of the role and function of film music and the orchestra in musical theatre.
Fahrbahnreibwertschätzung mit optimaler linearer Parametrierung
Authors: Stellet Jan Erik , Suchaneck Andre , Gießler Martin , Puente León Fernando , Gauterin Frank 
Published: July 2014

Zusammenfassung
Modellbasierte Verfahren zur Fahrdynamikregelung beruhen auf einer Beschreibung des Reifen-Fahrbahn-Kraftschlusspotenzials. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine neue Methode zur schlupfbasierten Fahrbahnreibwertschätzung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der on-line Anwendung. Hierzu wird eine optimale lineare Parametrierung des Burckhardt-Reifenmodells untersucht. Gegenüber bisherigen Arbeiten erzielt das vorgeschlagene Modell eine verbesserte Approximation. Des Weiteren werden Parameterschätzverfahren für das Modell diskutiert und in einer Gesamtfahrzeugsimulation evaluiert.
Robuste asymptotische Störkompensation mittels beobachterbasierter Störgrößenaufschaltungen
Authors: Deutscher Joachim , Roppenecker Günter 
Published: July 2014

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein neues Verfahren zum Entwurf von Störgrößenaufschaltungen mit Störbeobachtern für Strecken mit unbekanntem Störeingriffsort vorgestellt. Die resultierenden Regler sichern die Robustheit der asymptotischen Störkompensation, womit auch bei Auftreten von nicht destabilisierender Modellunsicherheit die stationär vollständige Ausregelung von Störungen gewährleistet ist. Der neue Reglerentwurf ist dual zur Anwendung des internen Modellprinzips mittels des Ansatzes von Davison. Im Gegensatz zu letzterem ermöglicht die neue Entwurfsmethodik jedoch eine sehr einfache und vollständige Vermeidung von Regler-Windup durch Einspeisung des begrenzten Stellsignals in den Störbeobachter. Ein einfaches Beispiel verdeutlicht die Vorteile des neuen Entwurfsverfahrens.
Dechlorination of Zinc Oxide Dust from Waelz Kiln by Microwave Roasting
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Zhang Libo , Ma Aiyuan , Peng Jinhui , Li Jing , Liu Chenhui 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe new technology of dechlorination from zinc oxide dust by microwave roasting was investigated, combined with the advantages of microwave selective heating and based on a thermodynamic analysis of zinc and lead halides. The associated dechlorination reactions were discussed in details and the effect of all the influencing parameters such as roasting temperature, holding time, stirring speed and air flow were systematically investigated. Experimental results showed that zinc oxide dust dechlorination rate could reach over 95% and meet the requirements of wet smelting electrolysis, given an air flow of 300 L/h, a stirring speed of 60 r/min, a roasting temperature of 650 °C and a holding time of 30 min. Microwave roasting provided a new solution to the dechlorination from zinc oxide dust.
Surface and Electrical Properties of Electro-Coagulated Thermal Waste
Authors: Yesilkaya S. S. , Okutan M. , Içelli O. , Yalçın Z. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe Electro-Coagulated Thermal Waste (ECTW) sample of the impedance spectroscopy investigation for electrical modulus and conductivity are presented. Electrical properties via temperature and frequency dependent impedance spectroscopy were investigated. Real and imaginary parts of electrical modulus were measured at various frequencies and a related Cole-Cole plot was acquired as well. The surface resistivity of the ECTW was measured by the four-point probe measurement technique, yielding a relatively high surface resistivity. As a result of this study, an effective building shielding material, which is a cost effective alternative, is proposed. The activation energy values were calculated from the Arrhenius plots at different frequencies. The transition region in this plot may be attributed to activation of ionic conductivity at lower temperatures.
Production of Al-Co-Ni Ternary Alloys by the SHS Method for Use in Nickel Based Superalloys Manufacturing
Authors: Alkan Murat , Sonmez M. Seref , Derin Bora , Yücel Onuralp , Andreev Dmitrii E. , Sanin Vladimir N. , Yukhvid Vladimir I. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this study, Al-Co-Ni ternary alloys were synthesized, in order to obtain low-cost starting material for Ni-based superalloy production, by a self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) both under normal gravity conditions (a = 9.81 m/s
One- and two-dimensional heteropolynuclear complexes with tetracyanonickelate(II) and 2-pyridinemethanol
Authors: Sayın Elvan , Kürkçüoğlu Güneş Süheyla , Yeşilel Okan Zafer , Hökelek Tuncer , Büyükgüngör Orhan 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Three new cyano complexes, [Cu(hmp)2] [Cu(hmpH)2 Ni(μ-CN)2(CN)2]2·4H2 O (1), [Zn3(hmp)2(hmpH)4 Ni2(μ-CN)6(CN)2]·2H2 O (2) and [Cd2(H2 O)2(hmpH)2 Ni(μ-CN)4 Ni(μ-CN)2(CN)2] (3) (2-pyridinemethanol abbreviated to hmpH), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, vibrational spectroscopy (FT-IR and Raman), thermal and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. In 1, Cu(II) ions are connected by the tetracyanonickelate(II) anions to form one-dimensional (1D) zig-zag chains. In 2, tetracyanonickelate(II) ions are coordinated to the neighboring three Zn(II) ions to form a one-dimensional double chain structure. In 3, Cd(II) ions are connected by tetrakis-monodentate tetracyanonickelate(II) ions to form a one-dimensional ladder-like chain. Adjacent ladder-like chains are linked by the bis-monodentate tetracyanonickelate(II) ions to generate a 2D network. The 3D supramolecular network of the complexes constructed by intermolecular interactions such as Ni···π, C-H···Ni, π···π and hydrogen bonding interactions.
Optically transparent graphene nanoplatelet inks as low cost electrocatalysts for liquid dye sensitised solar cells
Authors: Baker J. , Watson T.M. , Jones D. , Deganello D. , Gethin D.T. , Claypole T C 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTGraphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) functionalised with platinum were explored as the active material in a high specific surface area ink. The ink had a transmission at 550nm (T550) = 85% and a charge transfer resistance (Rct) of 6Ω/cm2. Although the Rct is higher than required for laboratory cells having a Jsc of 20mA/cm2 under 1 sun test conditions it is sufficient for industrially produced reverse devices, especially when utilised for indoor applications where light conditions will be lower than 100W/m2. This was demonstrated by reverse illuminated DSC efficiencies with flexible cathodes which were equivalent to cells with sputtered platinum catalysts when subjected to 300W/m2 lighting or less. A modification to the ink, suitable for catalysing a Co2+/3+ electrolyte having an Rct of 2Ω/cm2 and T550= 85% was undertaken. This demonstrates potential for use in high efficiency cobalt mediated DSCs. The work shows that printed graphene catalysts are a versatile low cost replacement to sputtered platinum in reverse illuminated DSCs for dye sensitised solar cells.
What Are the Support Needs of Men with Multiple Sclerosis, and Are They Being Met?
Authors: Upton Dominic , Taylor Charlotte 
Published: July 2014

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, degenerative condition of the central nervous system that can lead to high levels of disability and a range of psychological and social problems. Although considerable research has been conducted on the experience of living with MS and the disease's psychosocial consequences, much of this has focused on women, with the male perspective seldom considered. It is possible, therefore, that men differ from women in how they experience MS and the type of support or interventions that meet their needs.
Methods: A literature review was undertaken to identify the specific support needs of men with MS, describe current support available to men with MS, and evaluate the extent to which these needs are met by current service provision.
Results: The literature reviewed suggests that the needs of men with MS are different from those of women in terms of psychological factors such as well-being and mental health and support.
Conclusions: If interventions are to be evidence based, health-care professionals need to take into account the needs, desires, and capabilities of men with MS in the development of services. Further qualitative and quantitative research is required to address the gaps in the evidence base of support needs for men with MS.
Informing the Children When a Parent Is Diagnosed as Having Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Nilsagård Ylva , Boström Katrin 
Published: July 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of how health-care services can support the empowerment of children when a parent is diagnosed as having multiple sclerosis (MS). The study focuses on what information parents with MS, their partners, and their children desire from health-care professionals.
Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with nine adolescents, nine parents with diagnosed MS, and five partners representing members of ten families.
Results: The main finding was that parents with MS, their partners, and the adolescents stressed their need to be well informed about the disease. Information should be provided at the time of diagnosis and then offered regularly throughout the disease course. The information should be suited to the recipient's level of maturity and individualized to reflect the parent's clinical picture.
Conclusions: It is usually beneficial for children if their parents feel informed about the illness and encourage their children to ask questions and discuss the situation. This knowledge, gained from several sources, is likely to be of value for health-care professionals and their ongoing efforts to improve services for parents with MS, their partners, and their children.
Preparation and Performance of a Fixed Bed Catalyst for the Oxidation of Sodium Mercaptides
Authors: Heming Wang , Xianshang Liu , Lijun Zhu , Yulu Zhou , Daohong Xia 
Published: July 2014

The activated-carbon supported cobalt pthalocyanine as a fixed bed catalyst (CoPc/C) was prepared by impregnation method and its performance on the oxidation of sodium mercaptides in light oil sweetening was investigated. The FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis indicated that the active component dispersed well on the carrier and the results of the TG analysis showed that CoPc/C has good thermostability. It was tested that the prepared catalyst has a high catalytic activity towards sodium mercaptides. The removal rate of n-C4H9SNa was up to 100 % and for t-C4H9SNa, was 87.5% at a reaction time of 30 min. With the reaction temperature raised from 20 °C to 60 °C at intervals of ten degrees, the oxidation rate increased obviously, especially in the first ten minutes. A kinetic model mainly related to the transfer process was supposed. The catalyst CoPc/C had a good anti-loss performance of the active component both in water and alkali liquor when used. © 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Electro-Catalysis System for Biodiesel Synthesis from Palm Oil over Dielectric-Barrier Discharge Plasma Reactor
Authors: Istadi Istadi , Yudhistira Ardian D. , Anggoro Didi D. , Buchori Luqman 
Published: July 2014

Biodiesel synthesis reaction routes from palm oil using plasma electro-catalysis process over Dielectric-Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma reactor were studied. The study was focused on finding possible reaction mechanism route during plasma electro-catalysis process. The prediction was performed based on the changes of Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) analyses to the biodiesel products with respect to time length of plasma treatment. It was found that main reaction mechanism occurred in the plasma electro-catalysis system was non-thermal pyrolysis rather than transesterification. The main reactions within the plasma treatment were due to collision between high energetic electrons (supplied from high voltage power supply through high voltage electrode) and the reaction mixtures. The high energetic electrons affected the electrons pair of covalent bonding to be excited or dissociated even ionized at higher energy. Therefore, this plasma electro-catalysis system was promising for biodiesel synthesis from vegetable oils due to only very short time reaction was needed, even no need a catalyst, no soap formation, and no glycerol by-product. This system could produce fatty acid methyl ester yield of 75.65% at 120 seconds and other possible chemicals, such as alkynes, alkanes, esters, carboxylic acid, and aldehydes. However, during the plasma process, the reaction mechanisms were still difficult to be controlled due the action of available high energetic electrons. The advanced studies on how to control the reaction mechanism selectively in the plasma electro-catalysis will be published elsewhere. © 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Twentieth century sea surface temperature and salinity variations at Timor inferred from paired coral δ18O and Sr/Ca measurements
Authors: Cahyarini Sri Yudawati , Pfeiffer Miriam , Nurhati Intan Suci , Aldrian Edvin , Dullo Wolf‐Christian , Hetzinger Steffen 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), which represents the global ocean circulation connecting the Pacific Warm Pool to the Indian Ocean, strongly influences the Indo‐Pacific climate. ITF monitoring since the late 1990s using mooring buoys have provided insights on seasonal and interannual time scales. However, the absence of longer records limits our perspective on its evolution over the past century. Here, we present sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) proxy records from Timor Island located at the ITF exit passage via paired coral δ18O and Sr/Ca measurements spanning the period 1914–2004. These high‐resolution proxy based climate data of the last century highlights improvements and cautions when interpreting paleoclimate records of the Indonesian region. If the seasonality of SST and SSS is not perfectly in phase, the application of coral Sr/Ca thermometry improves SST reconstructions compared to estimates based on coral δ18O only. Our records also underline the importance of ocean advection besides rainfall on local SSS in the region. Although the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) causes larger anomalies relative to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Timor coral‐based SST and SSS records robustly correlate with IOD on interannual time scales, whereas ENSO only modifies Timor SST. Similarly, Timor SST and SSS are strongly linked to Indian Ocean decadal‐scale variations that appear to lead Timor oceanographic conditions by about 1.6–2 years. Our study sheds new light on the complex signatures of Indo‐Pacific climate modes on SST and SSS dynamics of the ITF.