bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoavaliação x autonotação – aproximações e afastamentos na formação de professores autorregulados
Authors: Ribeiro Elizabete Aparecida Garcia , Punhagui Giovana Chimentão , Souza Nadia Aparecida de 
Published: July 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464446379 O desenvolvimento de habilidades docentes pressupõe ações que proporcionem maior responsabilidade e autonomia à aprendizagem. Uma dessas ações é a promoção de atividades autoavaliativas, permitindo consciência da situação da aprendizagem e planejamento de intervenções. Este estudo concentrou-se em determinar o potencial autorregulatório, nas práticas autoavaliativas, realizadas em um curso de Pedagogia. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, na modalidade estudo de caso, contou com a participação de 56 discentes, do último ano do curso de uma universidade pública paranaense. As informações dos questionários e entrevistas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo, permitindo constatar que a maioria dos participantes tem consciência das finalidades da autoavaliação, mas vivenciam a proposição de atividades autonotativas, ou seja, de atribuição de nota para compor média. As práticas realizadas não proporcionam o desenvolvimento de habilidades autorregulatórias.
Cursos de Pedagogia EaD: superando desafios – construindo inovações
Authors: Morés Andréia 
Published: July 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464447187 A presente pesquisa foi realizada junto a Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS) e a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), com o objetivo de investigar as inovações pedagógicas, científicas e tecnológicas presentes nos cursos de Pedagogia, na modalidade Educação a Distância (EaD) dessas Universidades. O método adotado para a investigação qualitativa desta pesquisa foi o Estudo de Caso, referendado por Yin (2005). O lastro teórico que embasou a pesquisa foram os estudos apresentados pela Associação Brasileira de Educação a Distância, por Belloni (2003), Santos (2008) e Leite (2005), Audy (2006) e outros. O estudo revelou que se está a caminho da construção de práticas de EaD com aproximações inovadoras, pois, em ambos os cursos de Pedagogia EaD, estão presentes inovações pedagógicas, científicas e tecnológicas que potencializaram uma nova maneira de conhecer, ensinar e aprender na universidade.
Ensino e aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita na educação de jovens e adultos: diálogos com a Educação Infantil
Authors: Silva Greice Ferreira da , Arena Dagoberto Buim 
Published: July 2014

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464448206 O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma discussão acerca dos aspectos metodológicos do ensino e da aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita em EJA na tentativa de buscar estabelecer um diálogo com a Educação Infantil ao apontar elementos convergentes entre essas duas instâncias.Para tanto, propõe a reflexão sobre a construção da natureza humana e a apropriação da leitura e da escrita como processos humanizadores dentro da perspectiva da Teoria Histórico-Cultural preconizada por Vygotsky e seus colaboradores. Nesse contexto, é apresentada uma situação pedagógica observada numa escola pública municipal de Educação Infantil do interior do Estado de São Paulo seguida de análise sob a ótica de Bakhtin com o intuito de fazer algumas aproximações no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem da língua materna entre adultos e crianças.
Modeling the winter‐spring transition of first‐year ice in the western Weddell Sea
Authors: Jeffery N. , Hunke E. C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA new halodynamic scheme is coupled with the Los Alamos sea ice model to simulate western Weddell Sea ice during the winter‐spring transition. One‐dimensional temperature and salinity profiles are consistent with the warming and melt stages exhibited in first‐year ice cores from the 2004 Ice Station POLarstern (ISPOL) expedition. Results are highly sensitive to snowfall. Simulations which use reanalysis precipitation data do not retain a snow cover beyond mid‐December, and the warming transition occurs too rapidly. Model performance is greatly improved by prescribing a snowfall rate based on reported snow thicknesses. During ice growth prior to ISPOL, simulations indicate a period of thick snow and upper ice salinity enrichment. Gravity drainage model parameters impact the simulation immediately, while effects from the flushing parameter (snow porosity at the ice top) appear as the freeboard becomes negative. Simulations using a snow porosity of 0.3, consistent with that of wet snow, agree with salinity observations. The model does not include lateral sources of sea‐water flooding, but vertical transport processes account for the high upper‐ice salinities observed in ice cores at the start of the expedition. As the ice warms, a fresh upper‐ice layer forms, and the high salinity layer migrates downward. This pattern is consistent with the early spring development stages of high‐porosity layers observed in Antarctic sea ice that are associated with rich biological production. Future extensions of the model may be valuable in Antarctic ice‐biogeochemical applications.
Active‐passive synergy for interpreting ocean L‐band emissivity: Results from the CAROLS airborne campaigns
Authors: Martin A. C. H. , Boutin J. , Hauser D. , Dinnat E. P. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe impact of the ocean surface roughness on the ocean L‐band emissivity is investigated using simultaneous airborne measurements from an L‐band radiometer (CAROLS) and from a C‐band scatterometer (STORM) acquired in the Gulf of Biscay (off‐the French Atlantic coasts) in November 2010. Two synergetic approaches are used to investigate the impact of surface roughness on the L‐band brightness temperature (Tb). First, wind derived from the scatterometer measurements is used to analyze the roughness contribution to Tb as a function of wind and compare it with the one simulated by SMOS and Aquarius roughness models. Then residuals from this mean relationship are analyzed in terms of mean square slope derived from the STORM instrument. We show improvement of new radiometric roughness models derived from SMOS and Aquarius satellite measurements in comparison with prelaunch models. Influence of wind azimuth on Tb could not be evidenced from our data set. However, we point out the importance of taking into account large roughness scales (>20 cm) in addition to small roughness scale (5 cm) rapidly affected by wind to interpret radiometric measurements far from nadir. This was made possible thanks to simultaneous estimates of large and small roughness scales using STORM at small (7–16°) and large (30°) incidence angles.
An Extra‐Large‐Pore Zeolite with Intersecting 18‐, 12‐, and 10‐Membered Ring Channels
Authors: Chen Fei‐Jian , Xu Yan , Du Hong‐Bin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractZeolites with extra‐large pores have attracted great attention because of their important applications such as in hydrocracking, catalysis, and separation of large molecules. Despite much progress has been made during the past decades, the synthesis of these materials remains a big challenge. A new extra‐large‐pore zeolite NUD‐1 (Nanjing University Du’s group zeolite no. 1) is synthesized by using an approach based on supramolecular self‐assemblies of small aromatic organic cations as structure‐directing agents. NUD‐1 possesses interconnecting 18‐, 12‐, and 10‐membered ring channels, built from the same building units as those of ITQ‐33 and ITQ‐44. There coexist single 3‐membered ring, double‐3‐membered ring and double‐4‐membered ring secondary building units in NUD‐1, which have not been seen in any other zeolites.
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Authors: Rupert J. E. , Schmidt E. Cordero , Moreira‐Soto A. , Herrera B. Rodríguez , Vandeberg J. L. , Butcher M. T. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrehensile tails are defined as having the ability to grasp objects and are commonly used as a fifth appendage during arboreal locomotion. Despite the independent evolution of tail prehensility in numerous mammalian genera, data relating muscle structure, physiology, and function of prehensile tails are largely incomplete. Didelphid marsupials make an excellent model to relate myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform fiber type with structure/function of caudal muscles, as all opossums have a prehensile tail and tail use varies between arboreal and terrestrial forms. Expanding on our previous work in the Virginia opossum, this study tests the hypothesis that arboreal and terrestrial opossums differentially express faster versus slower MHC isoforms, respectively. MHC isoform expression and percent fiber type distribution were determined in the flexor caudae longus (FCL) muscle of Caluromys derbianus (arboreal) and Monodelphis domestica (terrestrial), using a combination of gel electrophoresis and immunohistochemistry analyses. C. derbianus expresses three MHC isoforms (1, 2A, 2X) that are distributed (mean percentage) as 8.2% MHC‐1, 2.6% 1/2A, and 89.2% 2A/X hybrid fibers. M. domestica also expresses MHC‐1, 2A, and 2X, in addition to the 2B isoform, distributed as 17.0% MHC‐1, 1.3% 1/2A, 9.0% 2A, 75.2% 2A/X, and 0.3% 2X/B hybrid fibers. The distribution of similar isoform fiber types differed significantly between species (P < 0.001). Although not statistically significant, C. derbianus was observed to have larger cross‐sectional area (CSA) for each corresponding fiber type along with a greater amount of extra‐cellular matrix. An overall faster fiber type composition (and larger fibers) in the tail of an arboreal specialist supports our hypothesis, and correlates with higher muscle force required for tail hanging and arboreal maneuvering on terminal substrates. Conversely, a broader distribution of highly oxidative fibers in the caudal musculature is well suited for tail nest building/remodeling behaviors of terrestrial opossums. Anat Rec, 297:1364–1376, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conversion of Toluene and Water to Methylcyclohexane and Oxygen using Niobium‐Doped Strontium Titanate Photoelectrodes
Authors: Kalousek Vit , Wang Peng , Minegishi Tsutomu , Hisatomi Takashi , Nakagawa Kojiro , Oshima Shinji , Kobori Yoshihiro , Kubota Jun , Domen Kazunari 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMethylcyclohexane (MCH) is regarded as a promising hydrogen carrier that enables hydrogen to be harnessed as an alternate fuel source, which paves the way to a clean‐energy future. A photoelectrochemical (PEC) system with a Nb:SrTiO3 photoelectrode for oxygen evolution from an aqueous electrolyte and a Pt/C electrode for toluene (TL) hydrogenation to MCH was investigated under UV irradiation. A Nb:SrTiO3 single‐crystal electrode and an ionomer/Pt/C membrane‐electrode assembly (MEA) were used as the photoanode and cathode, respectively. A steady‐state current density of 0.12 mA cm−2 was observed for the two‐electrode system without any bias voltage for >2 h, and a Faradaic efficiency of 97 % was obtained for MCH production from TL. This is the first demonstration of the production of MCH from TL and water using only light energy. This means that light energy was converted directly into MCH from TL and water without any electricity. The PEC properties of the devices are discussed.
Electronic Effect Related to the Nonuniform Distribution of Ionic Charges in Metal‐Cluster Chalcogenide Halides
Authors: Levi Elena , Aurbach Doron , Isnard Olivier 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRecently, it was shown that the bond valence model is a unique tool to describe the lattice strains in (TM)6 chalcogenide halides (TM = transition metal). Three different phenomena that result in valence violations were identified: (1) a steric conflict between countercations and the cluster–ligand framework, (2) a steric conflict between small (TM)6 clusters and large coordination polyhedra around the cluster or the so‐called matrix effect, and (3) nonuniform distribution of the anion valences (bond valence sums) around the clusters. This paper shows that the model is valid for a wide family of cluster compounds with different nuclearities. On the basis of the separation of the steric and electronic effects in the calculation procedure, the unusual distribution of the anion valences in the cluster compounds was assigned to the nonuniform spreading of ionic charges. Thus, stabilization mechanisms in cluster compounds were explained by simple electrostatic interactions.
Aliphatic C–H/π and Heteroatom/π Interactions in N‐Aryl‐3,4‐(9′,10′‐dihydroanthracene‐9′,10′‐diyl)succinimides
Authors: Raimondi Laura , Benaglia Maurizio , Cozzi Franco 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA series of N‐aryl‐3,4‐(9′,10′‐dihydroanthracene‐9′,10′‐diyl)succinimides have been synthesized as model compounds to study the interaction of an aromatic π system with aliphatic H atoms and heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulfur, and fluorine. The steric requirements of the rigid scaffold forces the N‐aryl residue and a benzene ring of the dihydroanthracenyl moiety to adopt an edge‐to‐face conformation in which one of the ortho‐substituents of the N‐aryl group interacts with the π system. The succinimides were generally obtained as mixtures of isomers and their ratios were considered as a function of the substitution pattern at the ortho positions of the N‐aryl residue. The experimentally observed ratios were in good agreement with those predicted computationally by DFT calculations at the BMK/cc‐pVDZ level of theory. From this study it was concluded that in these systems the aliphatic C–H/π interaction is mildly stabilizing and, to a certain extent, capable of overcoming unfavorable steric effects. On the other hand, the interaction of a π system with oxygen, sulfur, or fluorine atoms was destabilizing. When methyl or ethyl groups were allowed to compete with oxygen and fluorine for interaction with the benzene ring, C–H/π interactions were consistently observed to preferentially occur despite unfavorable steric effects.
Fragmentation of Carbohydrate Anomeric Alkoxyl Radicals: Synthesis of Chiral Polyhydroxylated β‐Iodo‐ and Alkenylorganophosphorus(V) Compounds
Authors: Hernández‐Guerra Daniel , Rodríguez María S. , Suárez Ernesto 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA direct approach to β‐iodophosphonates and β‐iodophosphine oxides from 2,3‐dideoxy‐3‐phosphoryl carbohydrate derivatives has been achieved by using the anomeric alkoxyl radical 1,2‐fragmentation protocol. The reaction has been conducted on carbohydrate derivatives under mild conditions with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene and molecular iodine. Subsequent dehydroiodination afforded the corresponding vinylphosphonates and vinylphosphine oxides.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates, Precursors of 1,2‐ and 1,3‐Diols
Authors: Cornil Johan , Gonnard Laurine , Guérinot Amandine , Reymond Sébastien , Cossy Janine 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn eco‐friendly synthesis of cyclic carbonates through a Lewis acid catalyzed cyclization of tert‐butyl carbonates is described. These cyclic carbonates are precursors of 1,2‐ and 1,3‐diols, and the developed method was applied to a short synthesis of a diarylheptanoid, (3S,5S)‐alpinikatin.
Maximizing shoulder function after accessory nerve injury and neck dissection surgery: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: McGarvey Aoife C. , Hoffman Gary R. , Osmotherly Peter G. , Chiarelli Pauline E. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundShoulder pain and dysfunction after neck dissection may result from injury to the accessory nerve. The effect of early physical therapy in the form of intensive scapular strengthening exercises is unknown.MethodsA total of 59 neck dissection participants were prospectively recruited for this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 32), consisting of progressive scapular strengthening exercises for 12 weeks, or the control group (n = 29). Blinded assessment occurred at baseline, and at 3, 6, and 12 months.ResultsThree‐month data were collected on 52 participants/53 shoulders. Per‐protocol analysis demonstrated that the intervention group had statistically significantly higher active shoulder abduction at 3 months compared to the control group (+26.6°; 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.28–45.95; p = .007).ConclusionThe intervention is a favorable treatment for maximizing shoulder abduction in the short term. The effect of the intervention compared to usual care is uncertain in the longer term. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1022–1031, 2015
Oxidized HDL Induces Cytotoxic Effects: Implications for Atherogenic Mechanism
Authors: Soumyarani Valliyil Sasidharan , Jayakumari Narayani 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTAtherosclerosis can be considered as an inflammatory disease and oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is a critical factor in atherogenesis. Although high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) is generally an antiatherogenic lipoprotein, this property can be compromised by functional impairment mainly due to oxidative modification. As such, understanding the proatherogenic properties exerted by oxidized‐HDL (oxHDL) becomes more important. This study was focused on examining the role of oxHDL as a proatherogenic agent, using oxLDL as a positive control. The comparative toxicity of oxHDL and oxLDL having same range of malondialdehyde, to monocytes was evaluated. After treatment, markers for oxidative stress, inflammation, and cytotoxicity were quantitated. The results showed that like oxLDL, oxHDL induced significant oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and release of TNF
‐alpha and MMP‐9 in monocytes/macrophages, but was less potent than oxLDL in promoting these proatherogenic effects. Further, the effects of oxHDL for the enhanced formation of MMP‐9 were found to be mediated by NADPH oxidase/ROS‐JNK/ERK pathway, as one mechanism.
The processing course of conflicts in third‐party punishment: An event‐related potential study
Authors: Qu Lulu , Dou Wei , You Cheng , Qu Chen 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn social decision‐making games, uninvolved third parties usually severely punish norm violators, even though the punishment is costly for them. For this irrational behavior, the conflict caused by punishment satisfaction and monetary loss is obvious. In the present study, 18 participants observed a Dictator Game and were asked about their willingness to incur some cost to change the offers by reducing the dictator's money. A response‐locked event‐related potential (ERP) component, the error negativity or error‐related negativity (Ne/ERN), which is evoked by error or conflict, was analyzed to investigate whether a trade‐off between irrational punishment and rational private benefit occurred in the brain responses of third parties. We examined the effect of the choice type (“to change the offer” or “not to change the offer”) and levels of unfairness (90:10 and 70:30) on Ne/ERN amplitudes. The results indicated that there was an ERN effect for unfair offers as Ne/ERN amplitudes were more negative for not to change the offer choices than for to change the offer choices, which suggested that participants encountered more conflict when they did not change unfair offers. Furthermore, it was implied that altruistic punishment, rather than rational utilitarianism, might be the prepotent tendency for humans that is involved in the early stage of decision‐making.
Protection of winter wheat against orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae): efficacy of insecticides and cultivar resistance
Authors: Chavalle Sandrine , Censier Florence , San Martin y Gomez Gilles , De Proft Michel 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn 2012 and 2013, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) flights occurred during the susceptible phase of wheat development in Belgium. The protection against this midge afforded by various insecticides was assessed in infested fields on four winter wheat cultivars (susceptible or resistant, and early or late heading).RESULTSThe insecticides sprayed at the right time reduced the number of larvae in the ears by 44–96%, depending on the product. For Julius, the cultivar (cv.) most exposed to S. mosellana in 2013, the mean yield gain resulting from insecticide use was 1558 kg ha−1 (18%). In the same year, insecticide use resulted in a yield gain of 780 kg ha−1 (8%) for the cv. Lear, in spite of its resistance to this pest. The link between yield and number of larvae counted in the ears was a logarithmic relationship, suggesting an important reduction in yield, caused either by the damage inflicted by young larvae that died at the start of their development or by the activation of costly reactions in plants.CONCLUSIONThe study showed that, in cases of severe attack, the timely application of insecticide treatments can protect wheat against S. mosellana, and that even resistant cultivars can benefit from these treatments. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
A morphometric sex determination model for adult greater roadrunners (Geococcyx californianus)
Authors: Montalvo Andrea E. , Powell Robert A. , MACdonald Michael D. , Ransom Dean , Lopez Roel R. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTLittle is known of the greater roadrunner's (Geococcyx californianus; roadrunner) ecology and many demographic questions are difficult to answer because of our inability to determine adult bird sex in the field. We collected measurements from live‐captured roadrunners of known sex in Fisher County, Texas, USA, and from roadrunner specimens from museums and university biological collections from 2003 to 2012 to develop a predictive logistic regression model for adult sex determination. We measured 433 adult birds of which 80% (n = 346) were randomly chosen to build potential models. Our best model included the variable estimate bill depth, which was found to be larger in males and correctly classified 80% of the birds. We validated the model with the remaining 20% of measurements (n = 87) and correctly identified the sex of 85% of the birds. Because this model incorporated roadrunners from across their range, it provides an easy, inexpensive, accurate, and field‐relevant methodology for sex determination of adult roadrunners at the point of capture. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Formal probabilistic analysis of detection properties in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Elleuch Maissa , Hasan Osman , Tahar Sofiène , Abid Mohamed 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In the context of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the ability to detect an intrusion event is the most desired characteristic. Due to the randomness in nodes scheduling algorithm and sensor deployment, probabilistic techniques are used to analyze the detection properties of WSNs. However traditional probabilistic analysis techniques, such as simulation and model checking, do not ensure accurate results, which is a severe limitation considering the mission-critical nature of most of the WSNs. In this paper, we overcome these limitations by using higher-order-logic theorem proving to formally analyze the detection properties of randomly-deployed WSNs
using the randomized scheduling of nodes. Based on the probability theory, available in the HOL theorem prover, we first formally reason about the intrusion period of any occurring event. This characteristic is then built upon to develop the fundamental formalizations of the key detection metrics: the detection probability and the detection delay. For illustration purposes, we formally analyze the detection performance of a WSN deployed for border security monitoring.
Definition of Barrett’s Esophagus Dysplasia: Are We Speaking the Same Language?
Authors: Rugge Massimo , Pizzi Marco , Castoro Carlo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe definition of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is still a matter of debate. The diagnostic criteria adopted around the world for both BE and BE‐related pre‐cancerous lesions are inconsistent, particularly between Eastern and Western pathologists. From a clinical perspective, these different clinico‐biological approaches may affect how the literature is interpreted, with detrimental effects on the clinical management of patients. The present review focuses on the major discrepancies in the field, covering both the non‐neoplastic and the pre‐cancerous lesions associated with Barrett’s disease.