bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeatability of Ocular Response Analyzer Waveform Parameters in Normal Eyes and Eyes After Refractive Surgery
Authors: Landoulsi Hana , Saad Alain , Haddad NourMaya N. , Guilbert Emmanuel , Gatinel Damien 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To study the repeatability of the biomechanical waveform parameters measured with the Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Depew, NY) device in normal eyes and eyes after refractive surgery.

METHODS:
This was a prospective, comparative non-interventional study of a case series. Two hundred eyes of 100 patients were divided into five groups: normal eyes of patients younger than 30 years, normal eyes of patients between 30 and 50 years old, normal eyes of patients older than 50 years, eyes of patients with a history of LASIK, and eyes of patients with a history of photorefractive keratectomy. The repeatability of the 37 waveform parameters in addition to corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), IOP measurement with Goldmann applanation tonometer (IOPg), and IOP evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (IOPcc) were examined.

RESULTS:
In addition to IOPg, IOPcc, CRF, and CH, five parameters had an ICC greater than 0.6 (substantial agreement): P1area, the area of peak 1 (ICC = 0.823); P2area, the area of peak 2 (ICC = 0.646); h1, the height of peak 1 (ICC= 0.702); P1area1, the area of peak 1 derived from the upper 50% of the applanation peak (ICC = 0.772); and h11, the height of peak1 derived from the upper 50% of the applanation peak 1 (ICC = 0.697).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study shows that not all parameters derived from the corneal deformation waveform signal have the same repeatability. Therefore, analysis of the waveform indices should rely on the more repeatable ones to derive consistent conclusions.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(10):709–714.]
Nonwavefront-Guided Presby Reversal Treatment Targeting a Monofocal Cornea After Bi-aspheric Ablation Profile in a Patient Intolerant to Multifocality
Authors: Luger Michiel H. A. , Ewering Tobias , Arba-Mosquera Samuel 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To analyze distance and near vision after a nonwavefront-guided Presby reversal treatment targeting a monofocal cornea in a patient intolerant to multifocality in the dominant eye.

METHODS:
Case report.

RESULTS:
An originally myopic patient treated for correcting distance ametropia and simultaneously alleviating presbyopic symptoms resulted in intolerance to the induced multifocality. Twenty-one months after the bi-aspheric multifocal treatment, the patient was treated with PresbyMAX reversal (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions, Kleinostheim, Germany) to remove the previously induced multifocality. Original corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was −0.1 logMAR (20/16 Snellen) with +0.8 logMAR (J12) uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) and changed to CDVA +0.1 logMAR (20/25 Snellen) with +0.2 logMAR (J4) UNVA before the Presby reversal procedure (all monocularly). Three months after the reversal treatment, uncorrected distance visual acuity and CDVA were both −0.1 logMAR (20/16 Snellen), and the patient was emmetropic and had no further visual complaint for distance, but at the cost of losing the UNVA.

CONCLUSIONS:
Nonwavefront-guided Presby reversal treatments targeting a monofocal cornea after bi-aspheric ablation profile were successful.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(3):214–216.]
Intraocular Lens Fixated in the Anterior Capsulotomy Created in the Line of Sight by a Femtosecond Laser
Authors: Dick H. Burkhard , Schultz Tim 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To describe a new surgical technique and a new generation of foldable, hydrophilic acrylate intraocular lenses available for femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy.

METHODS:
After femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy (diameter: 5.2 mm) and lens fragmentation, the new intraocular lens (90F; Morcher GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany) was implanted in the capsular bag. Three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography scanned the anterior and posterior capsules to create the position of the anterior capsulotomy. The anterior capsulotomy rim was positioned in the flank of the intraocular lens optic. Distance visual acuity, refractive outcome, and anterior chamber depth were measured at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively.

RESULTS:
No complications were observed at the 1-month follow-up in 6 eyes of 6 patients. No statistically significant changes in anterior chamber depth and refraction were observed at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Image-guided femtosecond lasers can perform a capsulotomy with a predictable size and position according to the line of sight. After implanting the 90F intraocular lens, the final effective lens position can be achieved sooner and may allow more predictable refractive outcomes.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(3):198–201.]
A New Paradigm for Incorporating the Joint Statement Screening Guidelines for Retinopathy of Prematurity into Clinical Practice: Outcomes from a Quaternary Referral Program
Authors: Henderson Michael T. , Wang Sean K. , Moshfeghi Darius M. 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:This study examines patient experience at a quaternary referral pediatric clinic with a retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening program that monitors infants at least on a weekly basis for any stage of ROP.PATIENTS AND METHODS:Admission records of 399 prematurely born patients treated at the Byers Eye Institute outpatient ROP clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized according to ROP status and whether they completed, canceled, or failed to show up for scheduled examinations. Demographic information was collected from medical records.RESULTS:Of 1,823 scheduled ROP-related visits, 327 (17.9%) resulted in cancellations and 90 (4.9%) in no-shows, with 238 missed visits due to caregiver-related and 149 due to caregiver-unrelated reasons. Of 399 total patients, 142 (35.6%) canceled or failed to show up for at least one appointment because of caregiver-related reasons.CONCLUSION:More than one-third of patients with ROP canceled or missed appointments. The true risk of delay is difficult to assess because all patients requiring treatment received it prior to discharge from the hospital. To achieve maximal compliance with joint statement guidelines on ROP screening, patients should be scheduled for examination earlier than recommended.[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2013;44:442–447.]
Ocular Hypertension and Intraocular Pressure Asymmetry After Intravitreal Injection of Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents
Authors: Pershing Suzann , Bakri Sophie J. , Moshfeghi Darius M. 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) after intravitreal injections of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors and contribute toward the recognition and understanding of its mechanisms, pattern, and treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective case series of VEGF-inhibitor injections at two academic centers (Stanford University and Mayo Clinic) over 4 years. Cases were evaluated for IOP elevation (≥ 24 mm Hg) or asymmetry (≥ 3 mm Hg IOP difference between eyes on three visits).

RESULTS:

Twenty-one eyes were identified with pathologically elevated IOP after treatment. Most had delayed-onset (average: 15 months after treatment, after 10 injections) elevation. IOP-lowering therapy was required in 81%. More consecutive visits with IOP asymmetry occurred in patients developing ocular hypertension (11.1% pre-diagnosis vs 66.7% post-diagnosis; OR = 9.00,
P
= .003).

CONCLUSION:
Elevated IOP may occur after ranibizumab or bevacizumab injections, often exhibiting a delayed and perhaps cumulative effect. The authors found significant bilateral IOP asymmetry in patients developing unilateral glaucoma after VEGF-inhibitor injections, a potential early indicator or proxy for pathologic IOP elevation.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2013;44:460–464.]
Performance Characteristics of a Straight Versus Bent 25-Gauge Vitrector
Authors: Olson Jeffrey L. , Wei Leslie A. , Fortin Melanie J. , Oliver Scott C.N. , Quiroz-Mercado Hugo , Mandava Naresh , Korotkin Arthur 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
During vitrectomy in phakic patients, lens damage can occur while shaving the peripheral vitreous. Modifying the vitrector with a slight bend can diminish this risk.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

To assess whether the bent vitrector performs to standard, the cutting and aspiration functionality of a straight and bent cutter was tested on both the vitreous from an enucleated porcine eye and balanced salt solution. Data were analyzed using a paired two-tailed
t
-test for comparison of two small sample means.

RESULTS:

The average time for removal of vitreous was 19.32 seconds with the straight cutter and 19.26 seconds for the bent cutter. There was no statistically significant difference between the removal rates (
P
= .87). The average time for aspiration of balanced salt solution was 14.3 seconds with the straight tip and 14.16 seconds with the bent tip. There was no statistically significant difference between the aspiration rates (
P
= .55).

CONCLUSION:
Both unmodified and bent vitrectors demonstrate an equally efficient rate of removal of vitreous and balanced salt solution in vitro.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2014;45:153–155.]
Myeloid-Specific Disruption of Tyrosine Phosphatase Shp2 Promotes Alternative Activation of Macrophages and Predisposes Mice to Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Tao Bo , Jin Wei , Xu Jiaqi , Liang Zuyu , Yao Junlin , Zhang Yun , Wang Kai , Cheng Hongqiang , Zhang Xue , Ke Yuehai 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The alternative activation of M2 macrophages in the lungs has been implicated as a causative agent in pulmonary fibrosis; however, the mechanisms underlying M2 polarization are poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated the role of the ubiquitously expressed Src homology domain–containing tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in this process. Shp2 inactivation augmented IL-4–mediated M2 polarization in vitro, suggesting that Shp2 regulates macrophage skewing and prevents a bias toward the M2 phenotype. Conditional removal of Shp2 in monocytes/macrophages with lysozyme M promoter–driven Cre recombinase caused an IL-4–mediated shift toward M2 polarization. Additionally, an increase in arginase activity was detected in Shp2∆/∆ mice after i.p. injection of chitin, whereas Shp2-deficient macrophages showed enhanced M2 polarization and protection against schistosome egg–induced schistosomiasis. Furthermore, mutants were more sensitive than control mice to bleomycin-induced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. Shp2 was associated with IL-4Rα and inhibited JAK1/STAT6 signaling through its phosphatase activity; loss of Shp2 promoted the association of JAK1 with IL-4Rα, which enhanced IL-4–mediated JAK1/STAT6 activation that resulted in M2 skewing. Taken together, these findings define a role for Shp2 in alveolar macrophages and reveal that Shp2 is required to inhibit the progression of M2-associated pulmonary fibrosis.
Release of Active TGF-β1 from the Latent TGF-β1/GARP Complex on T Regulatory Cells Is Mediated by Integrin β8
Authors: Edwards Justin P. , Thornton Angela M. , Shevach Ethan M. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Activated T regulatory cells (Tregs) express latent TGF-β1 on their cell surface bound to GARP. Although integrins have been implicated in mediating the release of active TGF-β1 from the complex of latent TGF-β1 and latent TGF-β1 binding protein, their role in processing latent TGF-β1 from the latent TGF-β1/GARP complex is unclear. Mouse CD4+Foxp3+ Treg, but not CD4+Foxp3− T cells, expressed integrin β8 (Itgb8) as detected by quantitative RT-PCR. Itgb8 expression was a marker of thymically derived (t)Treg, because it could not be detected on Foxp3+Helios− Tregs or on Foxp3+ T cells induced in vitro. Tregs from Itgb8 conditional knockouts exhibited normal suppressor function in vitro and in vivo in a model of colitis but failed to provide TGF-β1 to drive Th17 or induced Treg differentiation in vitro. In addition, Itgb8 knockout Tregs expressed higher levels of latent TGF-β1 on their cell surface consistent with defective processing. Thus, integrin αvβ8 is a marker of tTregs and functions in a cell intrinsic manner in mediating the processing of latent TGF-β1 from the latent TGF-β1/GARP complex on the surface of tTregs.
Dopamine Inhibits the Effector Functions of Activated NK Cells via the Upregulation of the D5 Receptor
Authors: Mikulak Joanna , Bozzo Luisa , Roberto Alessandra , Pontarini Elena , Tentorio Paolo , Hudspeth Kelly , Lugli Enrico , Mavilio Domenico 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate that dopamine (DA) plays a key role in the cross-talk between the nervous and immune systems. In this study, we disclose a novel immune-regulatory role for DA: inhibition of effector functions of activated NK lymphocytes via the selective upregulation of the D5 dopaminergic receptor in response to prolonged cell stimulation with rIL-2. Indeed, engagement of this D1-like inhibitory receptor following binding with DA suppresses NK cell proliferation and synthesis of IFN-γ. The inhibition of IFN-γ production occurs through blocking the repressor activity of the p50/c-REL dimer of the NF-κB complex. Indeed, the stimulation of the D5 receptor on rIL-2–activated NK cells inhibits the binding of p50 to the microRNA 29a promoter, thus inducing a de novo synthesis of this miRNA. In turn, the increased levels of microRNA 29a were inversely correlated with the ability of NK cells to produce IFN-γ. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that DA switches off activated NK cells, thus representing a checkpoint exerted by the nervous system to control the reactivity of these innate immune effectors in response to activation stimuli and to avoid the establishment of chronic and pathologic inflammatory processes.
Expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog, epidermal growth factor receptor, and Ki-67 in astrocytoma: A prospective study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Saha Rajdeep , Chatterjee Uttara , Mandal Sonali , Saha Kaushik , Chatterjee Sandip , Ghosh Samarendra Nath 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Background: Though the tumor grade is a key factor influencing the choice of therapies, particularly determining the use of adjuvant radiation and specific chemotherapy protocols, role of abnormality in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression and variation in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) labeling index (LI) and Ki-67 LI in survival and clinical outcome have been studied by many researchers in the recent past. Aims: The aim was to evaluate the expression of PTEN, EGFR and Ki-67 in different grades of astrocytic tumors by means of immunohistochemistry and to judge their role in overall survival (OS).Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 57 cases of different grades of astrocytomas. Expression of PTEN, EGFR and Ki-67 was assessed by immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded sections and the OS was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test for 2.5 years from the date of primary resection. Results: Most of the tumors (59.6%; 34 cases out of 57) displayed WHO Grade IV features. Distribution of age, EGFR LI and Ki-67 LI expressed strong positive (≥0.5) correlation with the grade of tumors. However, the PTEN positivity was inversely related with the grade of the tumors. Lower WHO grades, lower values of Ki-67 LI, EGFR LI and PTEN positivity were associated with better survival. Conclusion: Expression of PTEN, EGFR LI and Ki-67 LI should be combined with the basic histopathological features including WHO grade to predict the prognosis and therapeutic outcome.
Is there any role of mast cell density and microvessel density in cervical squamous cell carcinoma? A histologic study with special reference to CD-34 immunomarker staining
Authors: Mondal Santosh Kumar , Dasgupta Senjuti , Mandal Palash Kumar , Chatterjee Shankha , Chakraborty Debdutta 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Background: Mast cells are involved in induction of angiogenesis in the early-stages of tumor development and in modulating blood vessel growth in the later stages of tumor progression. Aims and Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the association between mast cell density (MCD) and microvessel density (MVD) in carcinoma in situ (CIS), microinvasive carcinoma (CA) and invasive squamous cell CA of cervix. Materials and Methods: Six cases of CIS, four cases of microinvasive CA and 38 cases of invasive CA were studied over a period of 2 years from August, 2011 to June, 2013. Ten control samples were included in the study. Routine histologic examination was done. Toluidine blue stain was used for MCD determination. Immunohistochemical analysis with CD-34 was done for assessing MVD. Student′s t-test was used to calculate the statistical significance of MCD and MVD. Results: Both MCD and MVD increased from normal samples through CIS to invasive cervical CA. In the four cases of microinvasive CA, the MCD and MVD were more than that of the control samples, but less than that of the six cases of CIS. Conclusion: There is a correlation between mast cell accumulation and angiogenesis in CIS, microinvasive CA and invasive cervical squamous cell CA. MCD and MVD in invasive CA exceed those in CIS and microinvasive CA. It gives us an opportunity to postulate that therapeutic strategies against mast cell mediators and angiogenesis may be of benefit in patients of early-stage cervical CA.
INJECTION MOLDING OF THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS FOR MICROSTRUCTURED SUBSTRATES
Authors: Birkar Smita , Mead Joey , Barry Carol 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACT
Microstructured surfaces injection molded from thermoplastic elastomers have emerging applications as superhydrobic surfaces and patterned adhesives, but there is a limited understanding of the factors affecting replication with these materials. This work investigates the interactions of the tooling aspect ratio and feature orientation (negative and positive tooling) and thermoplastic elastomer hard segment content on microfeature replication. Electroformed nickel tooling having positive and negative features with different geometries and aspect ratios of 0.02:1 to 2:1 were molded from three copolyester thermoplastic elastomers with similar chemistry and different hardness values. The tooling and part features were characterized for feature depth and height as well as feature definition using scanning electron microscopy and optical profilometry. Results were correlated with elastomer properties.
Renovatie en innovatie van het civiele appel
Authors: Wesseling-van Gent E.M. 
Published: August 2014

Renovatie en innovatie van het civiele appel
Deze tekst is uitgesproken op het door de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen op 25 april 2014 georganiseerde congres Hoger beroep: renovatie en innovatie, en ter gelegenheid van deze publicatie op een enkel punt aangepast en van enige noten voorzien.
Du père au géniteur en passant par le tiers intéressé : représentations du rôle joué par le donneur de sperme connu dans les familles lesboparentales québécoises
Authors: Côté Isabel 
Published: August 2014

Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche1 documentant le rôle du donneur de sperme connu auprès des familles lesboparentales. L’objectif général visait à analyser comment les différents acteurs (la mère biologique, la mère sociale et le donneur) mettent en tension et articulent leurs représentations de la parentalité, de la parenté et de la paternité dans ce contexte ou plus de deux adultes sont nécessaires pour la reproduction et l’éducation d’enfants. Pour ce faire, 9 couples lesbiens et les 9 donneurs à l’origine de leur projet parental ont été rencontrés. Les résultats démontrent que le donneur agit comme un intermédiaire dans la création de liens de parenté grâce à l’orchestration, par les mères, d’une « chorégraphie ontologique » (Thompson, 2005). Ces chorégraphies agiront en synergie avec la prédominance que les mères accordent à la quotidienneté dans le « faire famille », la mise à distance ou l’appropriation des discours sociaux sur l’importance du père pour le développement des enfants de même que l’élaboration – ou non – d’une identité paternelle chez le donneur. Ultimement, cela déterminera le rôle que jouera le donneur auprès des enfants nés de ses dons.
Une autre manière de fabriquer de la parenté? Des nouvelles techniques de reproduction à l’utérus artificiel
Authors: Déchaux Jean-Hugues 
Published: August 2014

Dans les sociétés euraméricaines, le développement des nouvelles techniques de reproduction (NTR) interroge le modèle de parenté fondé sur la bilatéralité exclusive (chaque individu ne peut avoir qu’un seul père et une seule mère, d’une génération ascendante et de sexe différent) et sur l’idée que la parenté doit être au plus près de la nature. L'article montre le caractère ambivalent des effets des NTR sur le modèle de parenté euraméricain en s’appuyant à la fois sur l’état actuel des NTR et en se livrant à un exercice de « sociologie fiction » imaginant qu’il existe un utérus artificiel. Les conceptions minoritaires en matière de parenté ne cessent pas de l’être du jour au lendemain parce que les NTR offriraient des solutions techniques à des problèmes qui semblaient jusqu’alors insolubles. Il n’y a pas de déterminisme technique. Avec les NTR, la parenté est devenue une question politique.
Qualité ou quantité : des parents québécois lèvent le voile sur leurs stratégies déployées pour favoriser le « bien manger » chez leurs enfants
Authors: Pernice Stéphanie , Marquis Marie 
Published: August 2014

Les attitudes et comportements alimentaires développés pendant la petite enfance influencent grandement la relation future du mangeur à l’égard des aliments. Le parent s’avère en ce sens des plus déterminants. Cette étude vise à connaître les pratiques observées et les attitudes adoptées par les parents québécois d’enfants d’âge préscolaire pour favoriser le « bien manger ». La collecte de données a été effectuée à l’aide de cartes postales distribuées dans les centres de la petite enfance du Québec pour ensuite être remises aux parents. L’analyse des réponses à la question ouverte figurant sur la carte postale a été réalisée sur la base du modèle des prises alimentaires de Jean-Pierre Poulain. 1257 cartes postales ont été retenues aux fins d’analyses. Les données recueillies permettent dans un premier temps de connaître la perception des parents quant à la notion de « manger bien ». Les notions de qualité et de quantité, diamétralement opposées, se démarquent. Cette étude permet de constater la variété des stratégies employées par les parents québécois au moment du repas. D’une grande pertinence pour la santé publique, ces données permettront de cibler les messages clés à promouvoir auprès de ces acteurs d’influence dans le développement des habitudes alimentaires des tout-petits.