bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on pile bearing capacity prediction improved by grey wolf optimization in the SSA-LSSVM model
Authors: Feng Xu , Liu Yongqi , Li Houjun , Cai Shuangyang , Yu Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Pile foundations in soft soil often encounter challenges regarding abnormal bearing capacity, significantly impacting the safety of engineering projects. The bearing capacity of pile foundations is influenced by various factors, often characterized by complexity and unpredictability. Therefore, this study proposes a comprehensive model, termed GWOASSA-LSSVM, based on grey wolf optimization (GWO)-enhanced sparrow search algorithm (SSA) and least squares support vector model (LSSVM). By introducing a grey wolf hierarchy to enhance the global search capability of the sparrow search algorithm and automating the optimization of parameters (γ, δ) in the LSSVM model using GWO, the GWOASSA-LSSVM predictive model is established. Evaluation metrics including correlation, and correlation between pile bearing capacity and the predictive target are considered, with pile bearing capacity as the predictive target. The GWOASSA-LSSVM model is compared with SSA-LSSVM, LSSVM, and back propagation neural network (BPNN). Results indicate that the GWOASSA-LSSVM model outperforms SSA-LSSVM, LSSVM, and BPNN across metrics such as coefficient of determination (R
2), variance accounted for (VAF), performance index (PI), index of agreement (IOA), index of scatter (IOS), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE), and a20-index, demonstrating its capability for accurate prediction of pile bearing capacity.
Global solutions to the three-dimensional inhomogeneous incompressible Phan-Thien–Tanner system with a class of large initial data
Authors: Chen Yuhui , Li Minling , Yao Qinghe , Yao Zheng-an 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the global well-posedness of the three-dimensional inhomogeneous incompressible Phan-Thien–Tanner (PTT) system with general initial data in the critical Besov spaces. The question of whether or not PTT system is globally well posed for large data is still open. When the density ρ is away from zero, we denote by

ϱ
:=

1
ρ

−
1.

More precisely, we prove that the PTT system admits a unique global solution, provided that the initial data ϱ
0, the initial horizontal velocity

u

h
0

, the product

ω

u

30

of the coupling parameter ω and the initial vertical velocity u
30, and the initial symmetric tensor of constraints τ
0 are sufficiently small. In particular, this result includes the global well-posedness of the PTT system for small initial data in the case where

ω
∈
[
0
,
1
)

and for large initial vertical velocity in the case where ω tends to zero. As a by-product, our results can be applied to the so-called Oldroyd-B system.
The hyperbolic umbilic singularity in fast-slow systems
Authors: Jardón-Kojakhmetov Hildeberto , Kuehn Christian , Steinert Maximilian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Fast-slow systems with three slow variables and gradient structure in the fast variables have, generically, hyperbolic umbilic, elliptic umbilic or swallowtail singularities. In this article we provide a detailed local analysis of a fast-slow system near a hyperbolic umbilic singularity. In particular, we show that under some appropriate non-degeneracy conditions on the slow flow, the attracting slow manifolds jump onto the fast regime and fan out as they cross the hyperbolic umbilic singularity. The analysis is based on the blow-up technique, in which the hyperbolic umbilic point is blown up to a 5-dimensional sphere. Moreover, the reduced slow flow is also blown up and embedded into the blown-up fast formulation. Further, we describe how our analysis is related to classical theories such as catastrophe theory and constrained differential equations.
Arduino-based investigation of transmission lines and impedance matching
Authors: Alencar Thonimar V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Transmission lines play a crucial role in radio-frequency energy transmission between source and load. These systems connect essential physical phenomena like the formation of standing waves and the attenuation of electromagnetic waves in material media with practical considerations such as impedance matching and signal integrity. Understanding these systems requires knowledge of fundamental concepts like inductance, capacitance, and impedance. The absence of impedance matching between the line and load leads to a modulated amplitude in the resulting signal owing to interference between the injected and reflected signals. Here, we present an experiment utilizing an Arduino platform as a signal generator and a data acquisition interface to analyze a radio frequency transmission line. By employing a few-meter-long coaxial cable as the transmission line and a digital oscilloscope with a high sampling rate (several giga-samples per second), we demonstrate how to determine the reflection coefficient as a function of the load impedance. The reflection coefficient enables determination of the return loss, underscoring the significance of impedance matching for optimal performance among the source, transmission line, and the load.
Deep learning method with integrated invertible wavelet scattering for improving the quality of in vivo cardiac DTI
Authors: Deng Zeyu , Wang Lihui , Kuai Zixiang , Chen Qijian , Ye Chen , Scott Andrew D , Nielles-Vallespin Sonia , Zhu Yuemin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective. Respiratory motion, cardiac motion and inherently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are major limitations of in vivo cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We propose a novel enhancement method that uses unsupervised learning based invertible wavelet scattering (IWS) to improve the quality of in vivo cardiac DTI. Approach. Our method starts by extracting nearly transformation-invariant features from multiple cardiac diffusion-weighted (DW) image acquisitions using multi-scale wavelet scattering (WS). Then, the relationship between the WS coefficients and DW images is learned through a multi-scale encoder and a decoder network. Using the trained encoder, the deep features of WS coefficients of multiple DW image acquisitions are further extracted and then fused using an average rule. Finally, using the fused WS features and trained decoder, the enhanced DW images are derived. Main result. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method by comparing it with several methods on three in vivo cardiac DTI datasets in terms of SNR, contrast to noise ratio (CNR), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) and helix angle (HA). Comparing against the best comparison method, SNR/CNR of diastolic, gastric peristalsis influenced, and end-systolic DW images were improved by 1%/16%, 5%/6%, and 56%/30%, respectively. The approach also yielded consistent FA and MD values and more coherent helical fiber structures than the comparison methods used in this work. Significance. The ablation results verify that using the transformation-invariant and noise-robust wavelet scattering features enables us to effectively explore the useful information from the limited data, providing a potential mean to alleviate the dependence of the fusion results on the number of repeated acquisitions, which is beneficial for dealing with the issues of noise and residual motion simultaneously and therefore improving the quality of

i
n

v
i
v
o

cardiac DTI. Code can be found in https://github.com/strawberry1996/WS-MCNN.
Overview of results from the 2023 DIII-D negative triangularity campaign
Authors: Thome K E , Austin M E , Hyatt A , Marinoni A , Nelson A O , Paz-Soldan C , Scotti F , Boyes W , Casali L , Chrystal C , Ding S , Du X D , Eldon D , Ernst D , Hong R , McKee G R , Mordijck S , Sauter O , Schmitz L , Barr J L , Burke M G , Coda S , Cote T B , Fenstermacher M E , Garofalo A , Khabanov F O , Kramer G J , Lasnier C J , Logan N C , Lunia P , McLean A G , Okabayashi M , Shiraki D , Stewart S , Takemura Y , Truong D D , Osborne T , Van Zeeland M A , Victor B S , Wang H Q , Watkins J G , Wehner W P , Welander A S , Wilks T M , Yang J , Yu G , Zeng L ,   the DIII-D Team
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Negative triangularity (NT) is a potentially transformative configuration for tokamak-based fusion energy with its high-performance core, edge localized mode (ELM)-free edge, and low-field-side divertors that could readily scale to an integrated reactor solution. Previous NT work on the TCV and DIII-D tokamaks motivated the installation of graphite-tile armor on the low-field-side lower outer wall of DIII-D. A dedicated multiple-week experimental campaign was conducted to qualify the NT scenario for future reactors. During the DIII-D NT campaign, high confinement (

H

98
y
,
2

≳

1), high current (

q

95

<

3), and high normalized pressure plasmas (

β

N

>

2.5) were simultaneously attained in strongly NT-shaped discharges with average triangularity

δ

avg

= −0.5 that were stably controlled. Experiments covered a wide range of DIII-D operational space (plasma current, toroidal field, electron density and pressure) and did not trigger an ELM in a single discharge as long as sufficiently strong NT was maintained; in contrast, to other high-performance ELM-suppression scenarios that have narrower operating windows. These strong NT plasmas had a lower outer divertor X-point shape and maintained a non-ELMing edge with an electron temperature pedestal, exceeding that of typical L-mode plasmas. Also, the following was achieved during the campaign: high normalized density (

n

e

/

n

GW

of at least 1.7), particle confinement comparable to energy confinement with

Z

eff

∼
2

, a detached divertor without impurity seeding, and a mantle radiation scenario using extrinsic impurities. These results are promising for a NT fusion pilot plant but further questions on confinement extrapolation and core-edge integration remain, which motivate future NT studies on DIII-D and beyond.
Detection of a low-frequency ion instability in a magnetic nozzle
Authors: Caldarelli A , Filleul F , Takahashi K , Boswell R W , Charles C , Cater J E , Rattenbury N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A low-frequency ion instability, with frequency

f

I

between the ion gyrofrequency and the lower hybrid frequency

f

c
,
i

<

f

I

≪

f

LH

, is detected in an argon plasma expanding in a magnetic nozzle for magnetic fields between

240
<

B

z

,
max

<
700

G. The frequency of the instability exhibits a linear dependence with magnetic field strength, and the wave amplitude has a radial maximum that would match the location of a conical density structure, i.e. high-density cones. For all of the magnetic field cases analysed, the high-frequency spectra showed upper and lower sidebands centred around the driving frequency and at a separation equal to the instability frequency, 27.12 MHz

±

f

I

kHz. Measurements of the perpendicular wavenumber would satisfy, for certain magnetic field strengths, the dispersion relation of both an electrostatic ion cyclotron wave (ICW) and of an ion acoustic wave. It is hypothesised that the observed low-frequency wave could be an acoustic-like instability propagating perpendicular to the magnetic field, which develops as an ICW at some magnetic field strengths. From the data collected, it is suggested that the high-frequency sidebands may be caused by modulation of the low-frequency wave.
Gate-based quantum neurons in hybrid neural networks
Authors: Lu Changbin , Hu Mengjun , Miao Fuyou , Hou Junpeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Quantum computing is conceived as a promising and powerful next-generation platform for information processing and it has been shown that it could bring significant accelerations to certain tasks, compared to its classical counterparts. With recent advances in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, we can process classical data from real-world problems using hybrid quantum systems. In this work, we investigate the critical problem of designing a gate-based hybrid quantum neuron under NISQ constraints to enable the construction of scalable hybrid quantum deep neural networks (HQDNNs). We explore and characterize diverse quantum circuits for hybrid quantum neurons and discuss related critical components of HQDNNs. We also utilize a new schema to infer multiple predictions from a single hybrid neuron. We further compose a highly customizable platform for simulating HQDNNs via Qiskit and test them on diverse classification problems including the iris and the wheat seed datasets. The results show that even HQDNNs with the simplest neurons could lead to superior performance on these tasks. Finally, we show that the HQDNNs are robust to certain levels of noise, making them preferred on NISQ devices. Our work provides a comprehensive investigation of building scalable near-term gate-based HQDNNs and paves the way for future studies of quantum deep learning via both simulations on classical computers and experiments on accessible NISQ devices.
An investigation on anisotropic FMR linewidth in Fe ultrathin film grown on GaAs substrate
Authors: Huang Zhaocong , Tang Xuejian , Liang Jian , Zhao Xupeng , Yue Jinjin , Li Zhuoyi , Zhao Jianhua , Xu Yongbing , Wu Jing , Zhai Ya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Understanding the dynamic properties of magnetic films with the thickness down to nanometer scale is of both fundamental interests, as well as of great importance for the development of spintronic devices. In this study, we report the emergence of anisotropic magnetization dynamics by exploring a quasi-two-dimensional single-crystalline Fe/GaAs(001) interface with varying Fe layer thicknesses ranging from 0.7 to 3.0 nm using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique. Various linewidth contributions, including intrinsic isotropic Gilbert damping, extrinsic inhomogeneous broadening and anisotropic two-magnon scattering are considered for the accurate fitting. We analyze and discuss the different mechanisms of linewidth and its field orientation dependence. Especially we propose a phenomenological expression for the anisotropic two-magnon scattering linewidth consisting of two-fold and four-fold symmetry parameters, which achieves a better understanding of the mechanism of anisotropic two-magnon scattering linewidth in the single crystal ultrathin film. Our analytical methods and results not only provide an effective approach for spin dynamic study in spintronics, but also enrich the understanding of the mechanisms of magnetization relaxation in other ferromagnetic metal/semiconductor interface systems.
An equivalent circuit model based design method for wideband absorber using resistive FSS
Authors: Liu Ning , Li Jiaxin , Sheng Xianjun , Fu Haoran 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a design method for wideband absorbers based on equivalent circuit model (ECM) is proposed. Based on the design requirements, a general ECM is established. Then, the optimized circuit parameters can be obtained by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Meanwhile, the ECM combined with PSO algorithm can also realize the electromagnetic performance evaluations. Finally, the according mapping unit topologies are designed. Among them, a superior wideband absorber is selected, which consists of two layers of FSS loaded with resistive film, a single dielectric plate, an air layer and a metal layer. The fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the absorber is 149.3% (3.09–20.36 GHz), the total thickness is 9.35 mm. The experiment results consistent well with the simulation results, verifying the universality and effectiveness of the proposed design method.
A comprehensive study on dry sliding wear and in-vitro degradation of AZ31 composite with 6 wt% Sn and 1.5 wt% TiO2 fabricated by stir casting
Authors: K Thoufiq Mohammed , Manisekar K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This experimental study investigates the dry sliding wear behaviour of novel AZ31 composite with 6 wt% Sn and 1.5 wt% TiO2 samples, focusing on the influence of sliding distance and normal load. Additionally, the research examines degradation rates during a 120-hour immersion period in simulated body fluid (SBF). The wear volume loss increased significantly with higher loads and longer sliding distances, showing a 142% rise from 1000 m to 2000 m and 76% from 2000 m to 3000 m under a 5 N load, peaking at a 25 N load over 5000 m. The specific wear rate dropped by 39% from 5 N to 15 N but increased with distance due to thermal softening, while the coefficient of friction decreased from 0.284 at 1000 m to 0.213 at 5000 m under 5 N. FESEM analysis revealed a transition from abrasive to delamination wear, with a protective oxide layer forming during sliding. Sn in the composite formed hard Mg2Sn intermetallic compounds, affecting crack formation and propagation under higher loads. Wear debris analysis showed both abrasive and delamination wear mechanisms, highlighting the protective role of the oxide layer. The degradation rate increased rapidly during the initial immersion stage in simulated body fluid (SBF), reaching 15.9 mm year−1 after 24 h, and then stabilizing after 48 h. Hydrogen evolution rose sharply from 0.28 ml cm−12 at 2 h to 7.6 ml cm−12 within 24 h, with a 92% increase by 48 h and an additional 38% increase from 48 to 72 h. Post-immersion FESEM analysis showed corroded surfaces with protective layers, cracks, and pitting corrosion. Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and hydroxyapatite played crucial roles in inhibiting corrosion. This analysis provides insights into the wear, and degradation dynamics of the AZ31-6Sn/1.5TiO2 composite, with implications for engineering applications and the development of biodegradable implants in biomedical fields.
Nonlinear interactions of an n-layer X-shape low-frequency vibration isolator equipped with a nonlinear vibration absorber at 1:1 internal resonance: analytical and numerical investigations
Authors: Saeed Nasser A , Ellabban Y Y , Moatimid G M , Hou Lei , Mohamed A F 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This work addresses, for the first time, the nonlinear dynamics of an

n
−

layers bioinspired

X
−

shape low-frequency vibration isolation system equipped with a nonlinear vibration absorber. The comprehensive mathematical model governing the two-degree-of-freedom system has been derived using Lagrangian mechanics. The method of averaging was applied to obtain an accurate analytical solution for the derived mathematical model. Utilizing the established analytical solution, the dynamical characteristics of the

X
−

shape vibration isolator have been explored both as a single-degree-of-freedom system and after coupling with the proposed vibration absorber, as a two-degree-of-freedom system. The influence of different system parameters, including the number of structure layers, the initial inclination angle, the

X
−

shape rod length, and the absorber stiffness and damping coefficients, on the vibration isolation performance has been investigated. The main findings indicate that while the single-degree-of-freedom

X
−

shape low-frequency vibration isolator performs well in eliminating low-frequency vibration excitations, it exhibits strong vibration levels when the base excitation frequency exceeds the structure's natural frequency. Additionally, it was found that coupling a highly damped linear vibration absorber to the

X
−

shape isolator not only eliminates the strong oscillations of the structure when subjected to high-frequency base excitations but also enhances the structure's low-frequency vibration isolation performance. Moreover, it was reported that integrating a nonlinear vibration absorber with either soft or hard spring characteristics instead of a linear one may degrade the vibration isolation performance of the structure rather than enhance it. Finally, numerical validation of all the analytical results was performed, which showed excellent correspondence with the analytical findings.
Path integral solution for a Dirac particle in a Generalized Inverse Quadratic Yukawa potential
Authors: Aid Salah Eddine , Boukabcha Hocine , Bentridi Salah Eddine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, the analytical solutions of the Dirac equation with the spin and pseudospin symmetry for the Generalized Inverse Quadratic Yukawa (GIQY) potential have been investigated. The problem was approximately addressed using path integral formalism. We present the energy eigenvalues expression along with the upper and lower radial wave functions for any given k-state. The Schrödinger solutions for the GIQY potential and Dirac’s solutions for Kratzer potential, Yukawa potential, inversely quadratic Yukawa potential, and Coulomb potential have also been calculated and compared to results from previous investigations.
Insight into compensation behaviors and hysteresis characteristics of an Ising-type borophene monolayer
Authors: An Ying , Wang Wei , Miao Hai-ling , Hao Zi-ming , Li Bo-chen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Boron is another novel two-dimensional material after graphene with splendid chemical and physical properties and potential applications in magnetism, electronics, energy materials and other fields. Studying the magnetic properties of borophene is important to improve the relevant theories and experiments. In this paper, we extend a single spin-3/2 Ising model to analyze the magnetic characteristics of the borophene monolayer by using Monte Carlo simulation. The influence of crystal field, exchange coupling and external magnetic field on the magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and internal energy are studied separately and the phase diagrams are presented. The calculation indicates that the system presents the compensation temperature and triple-loop hysteresis behaviors.
Martensitic phase mechanism of ternary FeCrMn thin films influenced by the substrate rotation speeds: structural and magnetic properties
Authors: Kaplan Nadir , Köçkar Hakan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In order to investigate the martensitic phase mechanism of the ternary FeCrMn thin films sputtered under the effect of substrate rotation speeds, the structural and related magnetic properties were studied. A range of thin films were deposited at varying rotational speeds of 0, 15, 30, and 45 rpm on flexible amorphous polymer substrates through the use of DC magnetron sputtering. The films were 50 nm thick and were produced at 0.09 nm s−1. The crystal structures showed that all films have a mixture of the body-centred tetragonal (bct) and tetragonal structure. The peak intensity of bct (110) martensitic α’phase increased with the increase of the rotation speeds whereas the tetragonal (430) and (333) peaks stayed almost stable. And, the morphologic surface analysis displayed that the smooth surface turned into a rough surface with the increase of the rotation speeds. After the measurements of hysteresis loops, the films obtained by sputtering of austenitic target have ferromagnetic character with increasing saturation magnetization, MS and coercivity, HC as the substrate rotation speeds increase. With increasing rotation speeds, the increase of the MS from 148 to 242 emu cm−3 and the rise of the HC of the films from 21 to 185 Oe might be explained by the increase of the grain sizes with the increase of % martensitic α’phase caused by increasing rotation speeds. The ternary FeCrMn thin films exhibit increasing % martensitic α’phase and corresponding ferromagnetic properties with increasing substrate rotation speeds. It is concluded that the nanostructured films of FeCrMn have different properties from those of their bulk counterparts under the influence of substrate rotation speeds. Therefore, the martensitic mechanism of the films can easily be controlled by changing rotation speed for potentially flexible new device applications such as spintronics, magnetic hetero-structures, magnetic separators, etc.