bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reusable Cobalt(III) Complex Catalysts for Enantioselective Borohydride Reduction of Ketones
Authors: Tsubo Tatsuyuki , Chen Hsiu-Hui , Yokomori Minako , Kikuchi Satoshi , Yamada Tohru 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
A reusable catalytic system was developed for the catalytic enantioselective borohydride reduction of ketones. The optically active 1-chlorovinylketoiminatocobalt(III) complexes were recovered after the reaction by silica gel column chromatography, and then efficiently catalyzed the enantioselective reduction several times without any loss of reactivity as well as enantioselectivity.
Supramolecular Helical Columnar Structures Formed by Hydrogen-Bonded Disk-Like (Phenylethynyl)benzene Derivatives with l-Alanine Pendant Groups: Helix Stability and Supramolecular Helical Sense Inversion
Authors: Sakajiri Koichi , Hirama Takahiro , Yasuda Keiichi , Kutsumizu Shoichi , Watanabe Junji 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
To investigate the influence of the number of substituents on supramolecular assemblies of hydrogen-bonded disk-like (phenylethynyl)benzene derivatives with chiral l-alanine dodecyl groups, a tris(phenylethynyl)benzene derivative 3 and a tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene derivative 4 were synthesized. The behavior of these supramolecular assemblies was compared with that of the previously reported hexakis(phenylethynyl)benzene derivative 6. It is clearly shown that the stability of the supramolecular helical columnar structure is enhanced by increasing the number of substituents, namely the number of amide groups contributing to the hydrogen bonding. In addition, along with 6, 4 also exhibits a solvent-induced supramolecular helical sense inversion. Furthermore, 4 exhibits a thermally reversible supramolecular helical sense inversion at a critical solvent composition.
Variação na infestação de mosca-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) e parasitismo em diferentes fases de frutificação em mirtaceas nativas no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Pereira Rêgo Diogo Ricardo Goulart , Jahnke Simone Mundstock , Redaelli Luiza Rodrigues , Schaffer Naihana 
Published: August 2013

A mosca-das-frutas sul-americana Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) é uma importante praga da fruticultura no Rio Grande do Sul. Assim como outras espécies tropicais, apresenta sucessão de hospedeiros nativos e exóticos, de acordo com a época de frutificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar índices de infestação, intensidade de infestação da mosca-das-frutas e o parasitismo em diferentes fases de frutificação de quatro mirtáceas nativas. Os frutos coletados foram armazenados em condições ambientais até a emergência das moscas ou dos parasitoides. Foram avaliadas a infestação, a intensidade de infestação e o parasitismo entre as espécies frutíferas, entre frutos coletados na copa e no solo e entre os estágios de maturação dos frutos da copa. O maior índice de infestação de mosca-das-frutas ocorreu na goiaba (89,5%) e o menor na goiaba–serrana (67%). A maior intensidade de infestação por fruto foi registrada na goiaba (17,33) e a menor no araçá-vermelho (1,62), a maior média de pupários por grama de fruto foi obtida na goiaba-serrana (0,50) e a menor, na goiaba (0,22). A goiaba-serrana apresentou o maior índice de parasitismo (21,40%) e o araçá-amarelo, o menor (2,81%). Existe maior ocorrência da mosca nas goiabas e goiabas-serranas revelando maior atratividade da praga por estes hospedeiros. A goiaba–serrana demonstrou ser um repositório para espécies de parasitoides nativos.
Variation on Infestation on Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Parasitism in Native Myrtaceae in Rio Grande do Sul
Abstract. The fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important pest of fruit production in Rio Grande do Sul. A. fraterculus presents native and exotic hosts, according to fruiting time. The objective of this study was compare infestation rate, the intensity of infestation of fruit fly and parasitism in four native Myrtaceae. The fruits were stored under ambient conditions until flies or parasitoids emergence. These evaluation were made in fruits collected from the canopy and soil, and between stages of ripening of the canopy. The largest infestation rate of fruit fly occurred in guava (89.5%) and the lowest in feijoa (67%). The intensity of infestation per fruit was highest in guava (17.33) and lowest in red strawberry guava (1.62). The highest rate of puparia per gram of fruit was obtained in the feijoa (0.50) and the lowest in guava (0.22). The highest parasitism rate was in feijoa (21.40%) and the lowest in yellow strawberry guava (2.81%). A greater occurrence of this pest in guava and feijoa revealing highest attractiveness in these hosts. Feijoa is a repository for native parasitodes species.
And the beat goes on: The continuing influence of The Singing Detective
Authors: Creeber Glen 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
From the 25 years of its original broadcast on British television in December 1986, this article aims to assess the continued influence of the British TV serial, The Singing Detective (BBC). It aims to clarify many of the major techniques employed in the programme and suggest ways in which its particular style and non-naturalistic aesthetic (with its roots dating back to the early 1960s) has influenced a whole generation of TV drama since. In particular, it will draw direct parallels between writer Dennis Potter’s work and serials such as Twin Peaks, Oz, Six Feet Under and The Sopranos, citing various sources that suggest these connections are more than just hypothetical. The American cable channel HBO (Home Box Office) will come under particular focus, with the author drawing links between its current remit to produce experimental and adult-themed drama and Potter’s own work. It will then investigate the state of contemporary British television drama and suggest why it arguably refuses to take as many risks as some of its American counterparts, citing various sources which suggest that contemporary British hard-hitting drama appears to have been forsaken for a plethora of heritage and period-based serials. In conclusion, it will argue that while the influence of The Singing Detective appears to have been profoundly significant elsewhere, its dramatic legacy is now surprisingly missing from British TV screens.
Assessment of Fucus virsoides distribution in the Gulf of Trieste (Adriatic Sea) and its relation to environmental variables
Authors: Orlando-Bonaca Martina , Mannoni Pierre-Alain , Poloniato Diego , Falace Annalisa 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The distribution of the endemic brown alga Fucus virsoides was assessed along the northern Adriatic coastline. A high-resolution geographic information system database was created using visual census methods to identify the presence and abundance of algae, including the geomorphology of the substrate. Samples of F. virsoides were collected for analysis of the quantitative spatial distribution. The abundance of F. virsoides was related to several environmental variables, including the relative exposure index (REI). The results support the hypothesis that the distribution of F. virsoides in the Gulf of Trieste is influenced mainly by the stability of mediolittoral substrata, wave exposure and the vicinity of freshwater inputs. Populations of this species are widespread in the Gulf of Trieste. Many of them were found growing inside small harbours or along a boatyard, where fluctuations in salinity and nutrient concentrations are frequent. Therefore, we conclude that F. virsoides cannot be considered an ecological indicator for seawater pollution nor for climate change, since it is subjected naturally to high pollution levels and environmental variability.
Comparison of hydrogenolysis with thioacidolysis for lignin structural analysis
Authors: van de Pas Daniel J. , Nanayakkara Bernadette , Suckling Ian D. , Torr Kirk M. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Mild hydrogenolysis has been compared with thioacidolysis as a method for degrading lignins in situ and in isolated form before analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and quantitative 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Both degradation methods gave similar levels of β-aryl ether-linked phenylpropane units that were released as monomers. Degradation by hydrogenolysis generally gave lower levels of total phenylpropane units when analyzed by 31P NMR, especially in the case of lignins with high levels of condensed units. Overall, these results indicate that mild hydrogenolysis could offer an alternative to thioacidolysis for probing lignin structure.
Skin mirrors human aging
Authors: Nikolakis Georgios , Makrantonaki Evgenia , Zouboulis Christos C. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Aged skin exhibits disturbed lipid barrier, angiogenesis, production of sweat, immune functions, and calcitriol synthesis as well as the tendency towards development of certain benign or malignant diseases. These complex biological processes comprise endogenous and exogenous factors. Ethnicity also markedly influences the phenotype of skin aging. The theories of cellular senescence, telomere shortening and decreased proliferative capacity, mitochondrial DNA single mutations, the inflammation theory, and the free radical theory try to explain the biological background of the global aging process, which is mirrored in the skin. The development of advanced glycation end-products and the declining hormonal levels are major factors influencing intrinsic aging. Chronic photodamage of the skin is the prime factor leading to extrinsic skin aging. The deterioration of important skin functions, due to intrinsic and extrinsic aging, leads to clinical manifestations, which mirror several internal age-associated diseases such as diabetes, arterial hypertension and malignancies.
Spectral in vivo signature of carotenoids in visible light diffuse reflectance from skin in comparison to ex vivo absorption spectra
Authors: Andree Stefan , Reble Carina , Helfmann Jürgen 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTo increase the carotenoid concentration in skin by drinking carrot juice to generate an optical response and to determine anThe first author of the presented study consumed carrot juice over a period of several weeks and during this time regularly performed optical reflection measurements on his palm. The spectroscopic measurements were carried out with a fiber-based sensor using a thermal light source. Absorption coefficients have been deduced from the diffuse reflectance data. Measurements were also performed on a β-carotene solution, on carrot juice and its extracted carotenoids. The correlation coefficient between carrot juice intake in liters and the optical skin signal was used to select an optimal wavelength for carotenoid detection (493 nm).AnDetection of carotenoids in skin is possible by diffuse reflectance measurements with a simple spectroscopic optical setup, as it is described in this article. As found by comparing different publications, several geometries for illumination and detection support carotenoid quantification. However, the fiber probe described here is not limited to carotenoid detection and it does not need arrangement of several optical elements such as lenses, mirrors or apertures and therefore requiring less effort for development. To eliminate the interference of hemoglobin, the authors suggest the combination of pressure and the described software method. Other publications have reported hemoglobin interference with respect to
Inherent difficulties of non-Bayesian likelihood-based inference, as revealed by an examination of a recent book by Aitkin
Authors: Gelman Andrew , Robert Christian P. , Rousseau Judith 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
For many decades, statisticians have made attempts to prepare the Bayesian omelette without breaking the Bayesian eggs; that is, to obtain probabilistic likelihood-based inferences without relying on informative prior distributions. A recent example is Murray Aitkin´s recent book, Statistical Inference, which presents an approach to statistical hypothesis testing based on comparisons of posterior distributions of likelihoods under competing models. Aitkin develops and illustrates his method using some simple examples of inference from iid data and two-way tests of independence. We analyze in this note some consequences of the inferential paradigm adopted therein, discussing why the approach is incompatible with a Bayesian perspective and why we do not find it relevant for applied work.
PDZK1 Is a Novel Factor in Breast Cancer That Is Indirectly Regulated by Estrogen through IGF-1R and Promotes Estrogen-Mediated Growth
Authors: Kim Hogyoung , Abd Elmageed Zakaria Y , Ju Jihang , Nauru Amarjit S , Abdel-Mageed Asim B , Varughese Shibu , Paul Dennis , Alahari Suresh , Catling Andrew , Kim Jong G , Boulares A Hamid 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAlthough a relationship between PDZK1 expression and estrogen receptor (ER)-α stimulation has been suggested, the nature of such a connection and the function of PDZK1 in breast cancer remain unknown. Human tissue microarrays (cancer tissue: 262 cores; normal tissue: 87 cores) and breast cancer cell lines were used to conduct the study. We show that PDZK1 protein expression is tightly correlated with human breast malignancy, is negatively correlated with age and had no significant correlation with ER-α expression levels. PDZK1 exhibited an exclusive epithelial expression with mostly cytosolic subcellular localization. Additionally, 17β-estradiol induced PDZK1 expression above its basal level more than 24 h after treatment in MCF-7 cells. PDZK1 expression was indirectly regulated by ER-α stimulation, requiring insulinlike growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression and function. The molecular link between PDZK1 and IGF-1R was supported by a significant correlation between protein and mRNA levels (r = 0.591, p < 0.001, and r = 0.537, p < 0.001, respectively) of the two factors in two different cohorts of human breast cancer tissues. Interestingly, PDZK1 knockdown in MCF-7 cells blocked ER-dependent growth and reduced c-Myc expression, whereas ectopic expression of PDZK1 enhanced cell proliferation in the presence or absence of 17β-estradiol potentially through an increase in c-Myc expression, suggesting that PDZK1 has oncogenic activity. PDKZ1 also appeared to interact with the Src/ER-α/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) complex, but not with IGF-1R and enhanced EGFR-stimulated MEK/ERK1/2 signaling. Collectively, our results clarify the relationship between ER-α and PDZK1, propose a direct relationship between PDZK1 and IGF-1R, and identify a novel oncogenic activity for PDZK1 in breast cancer.
Nrf2 Activates Augmenter of Liver Regeneration (ALR) via Antioxidant Response Element and Links Oxidative Stress to Liver Regeneration
Authors: Dayoub Rania , Vogel Arndt , Schuett Jutta , Lupke Madeleine , Spieker Susannah M. , Kettern Nadja , Hildt Eberhard , Melter Michael , Weiss Thomas S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractLiver regeneration can be impaired by permanent oxidative stress and activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), known to regulate the cellular antioxidant response, and has been shown to improve the process of liver regeneration. A variety of factors regulate hepatic tissue regeneration, among them augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR), attained great attention as being survival factors for the liver with proproliferative and antiapoptotic properties. Here we determined the Nrf2/ antioxidant response element (ARE) regulated expression of ALR and show ALR as a target gene of Nrf2 in vitro and in vivo. The ALR promoter comprises an ARE binding site and, therefore, ALR expression can be induced by ARE-activator tertiary butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) in hepatoma cells and primary human hepatocytes (PHH). Promoter activity and expression of ALR were enhanced after cotransfection of Nrf2 compared with control and dominant negative mutant of Nrf2. Performing partial hepatectomy in livers from Nrf2+/+ mice compared with Nrf2−/− knock-out (KO) mice, we found increased expression of ALR in addition to known antioxidant ARE-regulated genes. Furthermore, we observed increased ALR expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) compared with hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive hepatoma cells and PHH. Recently, it was demonstrated that HBV infection activates Nrf2 and, now, we add results showing increased ALR expression in liver samples from patients infected with HBV. ALR is regulated by Nrf2, acts as a liver regeneration and antioxidative protein and, therefore, links oxidative stress to hepatic regeneration to ensure survival of damaged cells.
Corticotropin-releasing Factor Receptor 2 Mediates Sex-Specific Cellular Stress Responses
Authors: Kubat Eric , Mahajan Shilpi , Liao Min , Ackerman Larry , Ohara Peter T. , Grady Eileen F. , Bhargava Aditi 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAlthough females suffer twice as much as males from stress-related disorders, sex-specific participating and pathogenic cellular stress mechanisms remain uncharacterized. Using corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2-deficient (Crhr2−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice, we show that CRF receptor type 2 (CRF2) and its high-affinity ligand, urocortin 1 (Ucn1), are key mediators of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in a murine model of acute pancreatic inflammation. Ucn1 was expressed de novo in acinar cells of male, but not female WT mice during acute inflammation. Upon insult, acinar Ucn1 induction was markedly attenuated in male but not female Crhr2r−/− mice. Crhr2−/− mice of both sexes show exacerbated acinar cell inflammation and necrosis. Electron microscopy showed mild ER damage in WT male mice and markedly distorted ER structure in Crhr2−/− male mice during pancreatitis. WT and Crhr2−/− female mice showed similarly distorted ER ultrastructure that was less severe than distortion seen in Crhr2−/− male mice. Damage in ER structure was accompanied by increased ubiquitination, peIF2, and mis-targeted localization of vimentin in WT mice that was further exacerbated in Crhr2−/− mice of both sexes during pancreatitis. Exogenous Ucn1 rescued many aspects of histological damage and cellular stress response, including restoration of ER structure in male WT and Crhr2−/− mice, but not in females. Instead, females often showed increased damage. Thus, specific cellular pathways involved in coping and resolution seem to be distinct to each sex. Our results demonstrate the importance of identifying sex-specific pathogenic mechanisms and their value in designing effective therapeutics.
Peptides That Bind Specifically to an Antibody from a Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Clone Expressing Unmutated Immunoglobulin Variable Region Genes
Authors: Liu Yun , Higgins Chelsea D , Overstreet Cathie M , Rai Kanti R , Chiorazzi Nicholas , Lai Jonathan R 
Published: August 2013

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clonal disease of a subset of human B lymphocytes. Although the cause of the disease is unknown, its development and evolution appear to be promoted by signals delivered when B-cell receptors (BCRs) engage (auto)antigens. Here, using a peptide phage display library of enhanced size and diverse composition, we examined the binding specificity of a recombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) constructed with the heavy chain and light chain variable domains of a CLL BCR that does not exhibit somatic mutations. As determined by testing the peptides identified in the selected peptide phage pool, this CLL-associated unmutated mAb bound a diverse set of sequences, some of which clustered in families based on amino acid sequence. Synthesis of these peptides and characterization of binding with the CLL-associated mAb revealed that mAb-peptide interactions were generally specific. Moreover, the mAb-peptide interactions were of lower affinities (micromolar KD), as measured by surface plasmon resonance, than those observed with a CLL mAb containing somatic mutations (nanomolar KD) and with immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV)-mutated antibodies selected by environmental antigens. This information may be of value in identifying and targeting B lymphocytes expressing specific BCRs in CLL patients and healthy subjects with monoclonal B lymphocytosis.
Genetic Polymorphism TNFα -308G>A and Ischemic Stroke in Northern Romania
Authors: Petrișor Felicia , Popp Ra , Cătană Andreea , Porojan M , Pop Iv 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in Romania. Evidence in supporting the role of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha in ischemic pathogenesis is now well established. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between TNFα -308G>A polymorphism and ischemic stroke in a Northern Romanian population group and to determine whether it has an influence on the risk of cerebral events. This is a cross-sectional, randomized, case-control study for the evaluation of TNFα -308G>A polymorphism alleles frequency among patients with ischemic stroke.
Material and method: The study included 108 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke (neurological and CT scan examination), and 118 healthy unrelated controls. TNFα -308G>A genotyping was carried out using PCR-RFLP technique. The amplification of the relevant gene fragment was subjected to restriction enzyme digestion, followed by gel electrophoresis.
Results: Molecular analysis did not reveal an increased frequency of GA mutant genotype in the study group compared to the control group (p = 0.879, OR = 0.928, CI = 0.512-1.682).
Conclusions: We found no significant differences in distribution of the TNFα -308G>A polymorphism between ischemic stroke patients and controls.
A Case of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Leukemia
Authors: Köpeczi Judit Beáta , Benedek I , Benedek Erzsébet , Kakucs Enikő , Tunyogi Aliz , Istrati Monica , Kurtus Aranka 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIntroduction: Plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia is a rare subtype of acute leukemia, which has recently been established as a distinct pathologic entity that typically follows a highly aggressive clinical course in adults. The aim of this report is to present a case of plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia due to its rarity and difficulty to recognize and diagnose it.Case report: We present a case of a 67 year-old man who presented multiple subcutaneous lesions on his face, neck, chest and upper extremities with reddish-brown, brown colour. In the bone marrow aspirate 83% of the blast cells were found. Immunophenotypically the blasts were positive for CD4, CD56, CD123 (high intensity), CD36, CD22, CD10 (10.42%), CD33, HLA-DR, CD7 (9.24%), CD38 (34.8%) and negative for CD13, CD64, CD14, CD16, CD15, CD11b, CD11c, CD3, CD5, CD2, CD8, CD19, CD20, CD34. The skin biopsy showed lymphohistiocytoid infiltration in the dermis. The patient was diagnosed with acute plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia and received polychemotherapy with rapid response of skin lesions and blastic infiltration of the bone marrow. After 3 courses of polychemotherapy the cutaneous lesions reappeared and multiplied. The blast infiltration in the bone marrow increased to 70%. A more aggressive polychemotherapy regimen was administered, but the patient presented serious complications (febrile neutropenia) and died in septic shock 8 months after the initiation of treatment.Conclusions: Immunophenotyping of blasts cells is indispensable in the diagnosis of plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia. The CD4+, CD56+, lin-, CD123 ++high, CD11c-, CD36+, HLA-DR+, CD34-, CD45+ low profile is highly suggestive for pDCL. The outcome of plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia is poor. Despite the high rate of initial response to treatment, early relapses occur and the patients die of disease progression.