bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CXCL14 and MCP1 are potent trophic factors associated with cell migration and angiogenesis leading to higher regenerative potential of dental pulp side population cells
Authors: Hayashi Y , Murakami M , Kawamura R , Ishizaka R , Fukuta O , Nakashima M 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction
The release of trophic factors from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is critical for tissue regeneration. A systematic investigation of the regenerative potential of trophic factors from different MSCs, however, has not been performed. Thus, in the present study, the regenerative potential of conditioned medium (CM) from dental pulp, bone marrow, and adipose tissue-derived CD31− side population (SP) cells from an individual source was compared in an ectopic tooth transplantation model.

Methods
The tooth root transplantation in an ectopic site model was used for investigation of the regenerative potential and trophic effects in vivo. Either pulp CD31− SP cell populations (1×106 cells) at the third to fourth passage or 5 μg/ml of CM from dental pulp, bone marrow, and adipose stem cells from four different individuals were injected into the root with collagen TE. Each root was transplanted subcutaneously in 5-week-old severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Each root with surrounding tissue was harvested for histology on days 7, 21, and 28 and for Western blot analysis and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis on day 28. Furthermore, the trophic factors responsible for the regenerative potential were identified as the upregulated genes present in pulp CD31− SP cells when compared with the genes in both bone marrow and adipose CD31− SP cells by using microarray analysis, real-time RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis.

Results
Transplantation of pulp CM yielded increased volume of pulp regeneration, more bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive migrated cells, and fewer caspase 3-positive cells in the regenerated pulp compared with the others. Pulp CM also demonstrated significantly increased cell migration, anti-apoptosis, and angiogenesis in C2C12 cells. Higher expression of CXCL14 and MCP1 in pulp SP cells suggested candidate trophic factors. The stimulatory effects on both migration and angiogenesis of CXCL14 and MCP1 were demonstrated in vitro. In the regenerated tissue, BrdU-positive migrated cells expressed CXCR4 and CCR2, receptors for CXCL14 and MCP1, respectively.

Conclusions
The higher regenerative potential of pulp SP cells may be due to potent trophic factors, including CXCL14 and MCP1, which promote migration and angiogenesis.
Is Insulin Action in the Brain Relevant in Regulating Blood Glucose in Humans?
Authors: Dash Satya , Xiao Changting , Morgantini Cecilia , Koulajian Khajag , Lewis Gary F. 
Published: May 2015

Purpose:
In addition to its direct action on the liver to lower hepatic glucose production, insulin action in the central nervous system (CNS) also lowers hepatic glucose production in rodents after 4 hours. Although CNS insulin action (CNSIA) modulates hepatic glycogen synthesis in dogs, it has no net effect on hepatic glucose output over a 4-hour period. The role of CNSIA in regulating plasma glucose has recently been examined in humans and is the focus of this review.

Methods and Results:
Intransal insulin (INI) administration increases CNS insulin concentration. Hence, INI can address whether CNSIA regulates plasma glucose concentration in humans. We and three other groups have sought to answer this question, with differing conclusions. Here we will review the critical aspects of each study, including its design, which may explain these discordant conclusions.

Conclusions:
The early glucose-lowering effect of INI is likely due to spillover of insulin into the systemic circulation. In the presence of simultaneous portal and CNS hyperinsulinemia, portal insulin action is dominant. INI administration does lower plasma glucose independent of peripheral insulin concentration (between ∼3 and 6 h after administration), suggesting that CNSIA may play a role in glucose homeostasis in the late postprandial period when its action is likely greatest and portal insulin concentration is at baseline. The potential physiological role and purpose of this pathway are discussed in this review. Because the effects of INI are attenuated in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity, this is unlikely to be of therapeutic utility.
Diversity of the Eastern Hardwood Resource and How This Diversity Influences Timber Utilization
Authors: Luppold William , Pugh Scott 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The eastern hardwood resource is often associated with high-quality sawtimber used in the production of grade products, but this segment of the resource accounts for approximately 20 percent of the cubic volume of all live trees. By contrast, 17 percent of the hardwood timber volume is classified as cull trees, and an additional 14 percent is low-quality sawlog-size growing stock. The remainder of the resource is midgrade sawtimber-size growing stock and smaller-diameter poletimber. This article first examines definitions and terms useful in understanding the structural component of the hardwood resource and then examines this resource and important hardwood roundwood markets on a regional basis. The quality of hardwood timber varies considerably by region. The East Central and Mid-Atlantic contain lower cull volume on a percentage basis in part because of large quantities of yellow-poplar. The Northern and East Central regions contain the greatest volume of high-quality sawtimber and produce relatively large quantities of hardwood lumber. The Southern region contains a large volume of hardwood timber, but much of this timber base is low quality or cull; still, this resource is highly utilized by a variety of industries, including grade hardwood sawmills. The West Central region can also be characterized as low quality but contains a third of the black walnut sawtimber in the United States. The Plains region contains the lowest volume of hardwood timber, and the widespread geographic distribution of this timber outside of Minnesota may make use of this material for most areas of this region uneconomical.
Weaving potential space and acculturation: Art therapy at the museum
Authors: Salom Andrée 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Contemporary museum paradigms that address social responsibility, value diverse interpretations and promote communication create novel possibilities for cultural connections and exchanges. Evidencing these new roles, the Museo del Oro (Gold Museum) in Bogotá, Colombia, offered an art therapy programme to serve internally displaced indigenous women (IDIW) of Wounaan and Guambiano ethnicities. The qualities of museums as safe holding environments able to serve in processes of acculturation, surfaced in the course of the art therapy programme. This article bridges discourses related to museums, immigrant populations and the object relations construct of potential space through the common denominator of the interplay between internal and external realities.
Mesoscale simulation of the solidification process in injection moulded parts
Authors: Spekowius Marcel , Spina Roberto , Hopmann Christian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Due to their wide range of applications and their complex material properties, it is desirable to be able to predict the behaviour of injection moulded parts with the help of simulation tools. For semi-crystalline materials, this can only take place with considerable accuracy if the inhomogeneous material properties are taken into account. Because of this, it is necessary to calculate the microstructure of the solidified melt and to incorporate these findings in the simulation. We present an integrative, multiscale simulation approach in which the manufacturing process is calculated on a macroscale and the solidification process on a mesoscale. A multiphase filling and cooling simulation is done to calculate temperature and velocity fields, which are used as boundary conditions for the calculation of the spherulite distribution in the part. We present the used nucleation and growth model and shortly describe the parallelisation approach of the mesoscale simulation.
Experimental study on the mechanical properties of an epoxy-based nanocomposite using polymeric alloying and different nano-reinforcements: nanofiber, nanolayered and nanoparticulate materials
Authors: Rostamiyan Yasser , Fereidoon Abdolhossein , Mashhadzadeh Amin Hamed 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This study investigated the effect of four different types of reinforcements on the mechanical properties of an epoxy system. The epoxy resin used was diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) cured by cycloaliphatic polyamine. These four mechanisms use a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as a nanofiber, clay as a nanolayer, SiO2 as a particulate nanofiller and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) for polymeric alloying. The properties that were studied are tensile, compression and flexural resistance. We used solvent mechanism to prepare homogeneous mixture samples. The test results were compared between different weight percent loading of each reinforcement and also between different mechanisms. Also, the morphological properties of DGEBA/CNT, DGEBA/clay, DGEBA/SiO2 and DGEBA/HIPS were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Generally, the comparison between the results led the authors to conclude that among the mentioned mechanisms, using silica nanofillers is the most effective way to enhance the mechanical properties of an epoxy resin.
A room for one’s words
Authors: Jacquesson François 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Smaller animals have more names than bigger ones, not because of size, but because they escape people’s attention. For objects out of scope, human language cannot focus, and names proliferate from village to village. This paper gives examples from Slavic and other language groups. From these examples, the author shifts to the root/affix structure, showing that roots and affixes may change at different paces, giving a wide scope to dialect diversity. With reference to theories of cyclic evolutions of languages (Beames, Haudricourt, Hagège), the possibility is considered that the difference between center (root) and periphery (affixes) is motivated by opportunities for disjoined evolution.
The ALMaz (Atlas Lingüístico Mazateco): from geolinguistic data processing to typological traits
Authors: Léonard Jean Léo , Dell’Aquila Vittorio , Gaillard-Corvaglia Antonella 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Mazatec (Popolocan, Eastern Otomanguean) became world-renowned following an article by Pike & Pike (1947) and the famous chapter VIII in Pike (1948) on the Huautla variety, which inspired several other seminal studies by Bull (1984), Kirk (1966), Jamieson (1988, 1996), and more recently by Steriade, Golston & Kehrein (1998, 2004), Silverman et al. (1995) on this extremely relevant language as far as phonological typology is concerned. However the early monographs and sketches, which have had a major impact on modern linguistics (laying the premises for the syllabic constituency theory, the theory of tones and tone sandhi as well as their functions in inflectional systems), only take into account a minute proportion of this language’s inner diversity. The ALMaz project is an attempt to both revisit second-hand data on Mazatec varieties all over the area where it is densely spoken (especially using Kirk 1966 lists of over 700 cognates as a data base), and to gather and process new data on Mazatec diatopic and diastratic variation, using computational geolinguistics.
Review
Authors: Hackmack Susanne 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Thomas Stolz, Christina Vossmann und Barbara Dewein (eds.): Kolonialzeitliche Sprachforschung. Die Beschreibung afrikanischer und ozeanischer Sprachen zur Zeit der deutschen Kolonialherrschaft. (Koloniale und Postkoloniale Linguistik/Colonial and Postcolonial Linguistics I). Berlin:Akademie Verlag, 2011. 312 pp.
Is Yucatec Maya an omnipredicative language? Predication, the copula and focus constructions
Authors: Vapnarsky Valentina 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this article, we examine the omnipredicativity hypothesis (LAUNEY 1994, 2004) in the context of Yucatec Maya. The hypothesis implies three requirements: 1) most words are predicative, 2) the focus of a sentence is its main predicate, 3) arguments are subordinate predicates of the main predicate. Based on the analysis of the personal indexation patterns, morphosyntactic and semantic properties of non-verbal predicates, the use of the existential yàan and various focus constructions, we provide evidence supporting that requirements 1 and 2 apply to Yucatec.
Fish, Taquara river basin, northern of the state of Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Galves Wanner , Shibatta Oscar Akio , Jerep Fernando Camargo 
Published: May 2015

Taquara River is situated in an agriculturist region, on the northern portion of the Tibagi river basin, state of Paraná. Fish fauna was collected in five stretches of the Taquara River and in nine headwaters of its tributaries, in the period of May to December 2006. Six orders, 22 families, and 74 species were collected, in a sum of 2,389 individuals. The orders Characiformes and Siluriformes were dominant.
Large Persistent Photoconductivity in Strontium Titanate at Room Temperature
Authors: Poole Violet M. , Dashdorj J. , Zvanut Mary Ellen , McCluskey Matthew D. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTStrontium titanate (SrTiO3) is a wide-band-gap semiconductor with a variety of novel properties. In this work, bulk single crystal SrTiO3 samples were heated to 1200°C, resulting in the creation of point defects. These thermally treated samples showed large persistent photoconductivity (PPC) at room temperature. Illumination with sub-gap light (>2.9 eV) caused an increase in free-electron concentration by over two orders of magnitude. After the light is turned off, the conductivity persists at room temperature, with essentially zero decay over several days. The results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements suggest that a point defect is responsible for PPC because the photo-induced response of one of the EPR signals is similar to that seen for the PPC. Due to a large barrier for recapture, the photo-excited electron remains in the conduction band, where it contributes to the conductivity.
Infra-red curing methodology for Roll-to-Roll (R2R) manufacturing of conductive electrodes through inkjet technology applicable for devices in the field of flexible electronics
Authors: Mitra Kalyan Yoti , Weise Dana , Hartwig Melinda , Baumann Reinhard. R. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe Inkjet printing technology is a direct patterning technique to deposit functional materials with high precision and accuracy. This deposition technology is often used to manufacture conductive electrodes for different active and passive electronic devices on flexible foils. It is an up-scalable process in terms of printing devices from low (via. Sheet-to-Sheet, S2S platform) to high (via. Roll-to-Roll platform) quantities. For manufacturing of these conductive electrodes and hence electronic devices through the R2R platform, a suitable post-treatment/curing methodology is very much desired. In this work, the focus is concentrated on the curing methodology using the Infra-red radiation for both the inkjet-printed conductive electrodes and insulator layer, for completing a “proof of concept” Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) electronic device structure over the R2R platform. A conductive silver nano-particle and a polymeric dielectric ink are used to print the top and bottom conductive electrodes, with a middle insulator layer for the MIM structure respectively. It is observed that not only the printed silver electrode layers (both top and bottom) can be cured with the help of the Infra-red radiation, but also the insulator layer. Additionally, the layers constituting the MIM device structure is cured with the conventional curing methodology which in this case is thermal curing using a convection oven. This curing procedure for the printed functional layers is generally performed for the S2S manufacturing process. The conductive electrodes are then electrically characterized by measuring the sheet resistance (on the foil and dielectric layer) as a function of the un-conventional Infra-red radiation and conventional oven curing methodologies. The cured layers for both the conductive electrodes and insulator layers are morphologically analyzed for the layer thickness and homogeneity. The electrical performance of the cured insulator in form of the obtained capacitance from the MIM passive device is compared for the two mentioned curing methodologies.
Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer in a Real-World Scenario: Is Progression-Free Survival With First Line Predictive of Benefit From Second and Later Lines?
Authors: Bonotto Marta , Gerratana Lorenzo , Iacono Donatella , Minisini Alessandro Marco , Rihawi Karim , Fasola Gianpiero , Puglisi Fabio 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Introduction.
Despite the availability of several therapeutic options for metastatic breast cancer (MBC), no robust predictive factors are available to help clinical decision making. Nevertheless, a decreasing benefit from first line to subsequent lines of treatment is commonly observed. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of benefit from first-line therapy on outcome with subsequent lines.

Methods.
We analyzed a consecutive series of 472 MBC patients treated with chemotherapy (CT) and/or endocrine therapy (ET) between 2004 and 2012. We evaluated progression-free survival (PFS) at first (PFS1), second, third, and fourth therapeutic lines, according to treatment (ET and/or CT) and tumor subtypes.

Results.
In the whole cohort, median overall survival was 34 months, and median PFS1 was 9 months. A 6-month benefit was shown by 289 patients (63.5%) at first line, 128 (40.5%) at second line, 76 (33.8%) at third line, and 34 (23.3%) at fourth line. Not having a 6-month benefit at PFS1 was associated with less chance of benefit at second line (odds ratio [OR]: 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29–0.77, p = .0026) and at any line beyond first (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.24–0.62, p &lt; .0001). In the total series, after stratification for tumor subtypes, a strong predictive effect was observed among HER2-positive tumors (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.05–0.73, p = .0152).

Conclusion.
Our results suggest that the absence of at least a 6-month benefit in terms of PFS with first-line therapy predicts a reduced probability of benefit from subsequent therapeutic lines, especially in HER2-positive disease.

Implications for Practice:
This study supports evidence showing that the absence of a 6-month benefit in terms of progression-free survival with first-line therapy predicts a lack of benefit from subsequent therapeutic lines in metastatic breast cancer. The random distribution of benefit experienced by a subset of the cohort further spurs an interest in identifying predictive factors capable of identifying the most appropriate therapeutic strategy.
A new focus on risk reduction: an ad hoc decision support system for humanitarian relief logistics
Authors: Schätter Frank , Wiens Marcus , Schultmann Frank 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Particularly in the early phases of a disaster, logistical decisions are needed to be made quickly and under high pressure for the decision‐makers, knowing that their decisions may have direct consequences on the affected society and all future decisions. Proactive risk reduction may be helpful in providing decision‐makers with optimal strategies in advance. However, disasters are characterized by severe uncertainty and complexity, limited knowledge about the causes of the disaster, and continuous change of the situation in unpredicted ways. Following these assumptions, we believe that adequate proactive risk reduction measures are not practical. We propose strengthening the focus on ad hoc decision support to capture information in almost real time and to process information efficiently to reveal uncertainties that had not been previously predicted. Therefore, we present an ad hoc decision support system that uses scenario techniques to capture uncertainty by future developments of a situation and an optimization model to compute promising decision options. By combining these aspects in a dynamic manner and integrating new information continuously, it can be ensured that a decision is always based on the best currently available and processed information. And finally, to identify a robust decision option that is provided as a decision recommendation to the decision‐makers, methods of multi‐attribute decision making (MADM) are applied. Our approach is illustrated for a facility location decision problem arising in humanitarian relief logistics where the objective is to identify robust locations for tent hospitals to serve injured people in the immediate aftermath of the Haiti Earthquake 2010.
Tietze Extension Theorem for n-dimensional Spaces
Authors: Pąk Karol 
Published: May 2015

Summary
In this article we prove the Tietze extension theorem for an arbitrary convex compact subset of εn with a non-empty interior. This theorem states that, if T is a normal topological space, X is a closed subset of T, and A is a convex compact subset of εn with a non-empty interior, then a continuous function f : X → A can be extended to a continuous function g : T → εn. Additionally we show that a subset A is replaceable by an arbitrary subset of a topological space that is homeomorphic with a convex compact subset of En with a non-empty interior. This article is based on [20]; [23] and [22] can also serve as reference books.