bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CmirC update 2024: a multi-omics database for clustered miRNAs
Authors: Ware Akshay Pramod , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu , Paul Bobby 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClustered miRNAs consist of two or more miRNAs transcribed together and may coordinately regulate gene expression. Differential expression of clustered miRNAs is found to be controlled by crosstalk of genetic or epigenetic mechanisms. It has been demonstrated that clustered miRNA expression patterns greatly impact cancer cell progression. With the CmirC initiative, we initially developed a comprehensive database to identify copy number variation (CNV) driven clustered miRNAs in cancer. Now, we extended the analysis and identified three miRNAs, mir-96, mir-183, and mir-21, were found to be significantly upregulated in 17 cancer types. Further, CmirC is now upgraded to determine the impact of changes in the DNA methylation status at clustered miRNAs by utilizing The Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA) cancer datasets. We examined specific methylation datasets from 9,639 samples, pinpointing 215,435 methylation sites and 27,949 CpG islands with miRNA cluster information. The integrated analysis identified 34 clusters exhibiting differentially methylated CpG sites across 14 cancer types. Furthermore, we determined that CpG islands in the promoter region of 20 miRNA clusters could play a regulatory role. Along with ensuring a straightforward and convenient user experience, CmirC has been updated with improved data browsing and analysis functionalities, as well as enabled hyperlinks to literature and miR-cancer databases. The enhanced version of CmirC is anticipated to play an important role in providing information on the regulation of clustered miRNA expression, and their targeted oncogenes and tumor suppressors. The newly updated version of CmirC is available at https://slsdb.manipal.edu/cmirclust/.
Complete autonomic blockade reveals nitric oxide contribution to blood pressure regulation in obese Black women
Authors: Rahman Sharla , Gamboa Alfredo , Saleem Mohammad , Kulapatana Surat , Diedrich André , Biaggioni Italo , Kirabo Annet , Shibao Cyndya A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Hypertension is one of the major causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the USA and disproportionately affects Black women. Endothelial-derived nitric oxide (eNO) substantially regulates blood pressure in humans, and impaired NO-mediated vasodilation has been reported in the Black population. Previous studies using an NO synthase inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) did not fully determine the NO contribution to blood pressure because of baroreflex buffering. Therefore, in the present study we used trimethaphan, a ganglionic blocker, to inhibit baroreflex buffering and study NO modulation of blood pressure in Black women during L-NMMA infusion.

Methods
L-NMMA at doses of 250 μg/kg per minute was infused in combination with trimethaphan at doses of 4 mg/min to eliminate baroreflex mechanisms. Heart rate (HR) was obtained with continuous electrocardiogram monitoring, and continuous blood pressure was measured with the volume clamp method. The increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) during both infusions was used to estimate the contribution of NO to blood pressure.

Results
Ten Black (age range 30–50 years, body mass index [BMI] 30–45 kg/m2), and nine White women (age range 30–50 years, body mass index 30–45 kg/m2) were enrolled in this study. During autonomic blockade, there was no difference in the decrease in SBP between Black and White women (− 20 ± 16.45 vs. − 24 ± 15.49 mm Hg, respectively; P = 0.659). When autonomic blockade was combined with L-NMMA, Black women had a significant increase in SBP compared to White women (54 ± 13.62 vs. 39 ± 09.64 mm Hg, respectively; P = 0.022, respectively).

Conclusion
Autonomic blood pressure regulation was similar between Black and White women. However, NO contribution to blood pressure was significantly greater in Black women compared to White women.

Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01122407.
Compact RTK for expanded area (COREA): a new method for carrier-phase-based satellite augmentation system
Authors: Kim Donguk , Kim Bu-Gyeom , Kee Changdon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study proposes a new concept of carrier-phase-based satellite augmentation system named “Compact Real-time Kinematic for Expanded Area (COREA),” which provides centimeter-level positioning services across nationwide coverage. The proposed system’s architecture is very similar to that of the satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS), a meter-level aviation safety service. While network real-time kinematic and precise-point-positioning-RTK (PPP-RTK) rely on several densely positioned reference stations, COREA provides carrier-phase-based corrections using a few reference stations with a distance of 400–1000 km. Furthermore, the COREA corrections can be transmitted by satellite signals with extremely low-speed data links of 250 bps, similar to SBAS. This study focused on the generation method for satellite code/phase clock (CPC) corrections, which is the most significant part of the system. We analyzed the user performance of the COREA system constructed in the Midwest and South of the United States with six reference stations. Consequently, satellite CPC corrections are resilient to communication failures and highly accurate in identifying user integer ambiguity. The 95% position accuracy is approximately 1.8 cm horizontally and 7.1 cm vertically, with an average convergence time of 1–3 min using only GPS triple-frequency signals. In summary, the COREA system preserves the hardware architecture of the legacy SBAS while providing centimeter-level services with fast convergence times by utilizing extremely low-speed satellite data links across the country.
Advancing the understanding of earthquake risk in Portugal
Authors: Lopes Gonçalo Correia , Silva Vitor , Costa Catarina , Vicente Romeu , Oliveira Carlos Sousa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe assessment of earthquake risk at the national scale is crucial for the design and implementation of risk reduction measures. Due to its location in the southwest of the Eurasian plate, Portugal is exposed to moderate to strong seismic events, such as the well-known 1755 Lisbon earthquake. We reviewed existing studies covering exposure, seismic hazard, vulnerability, and risk assessment for Portugal, and performed probabilistic seismic hazard and risk analyses for the country using new model components. These include a new exposure model developed for the residential building stock using the 2021 national Building Census Survey, a recent exposure model for commercial and industrial buildings, updated vulnerability functions for 116 building classes, and the recently released European Probabilistic Seismic Hazard model. The seismic risk results include average annual economic losses, fatalities, buildings with complete damage, and population left homeless. These results allowed the identification of the regions in Portugal with the highest earthquake risk, as well as which building classes contribute the most to the overall impact.
Measuring Character Strengths and Promoting Positive Youth Development in Zambia: Initial Findings from the GROW Hopes for Life Study
Authors: Tirrell Jonathan M. , Sampa Mutale , Wootten Kit , Harris Sion Kim , McGrath Robert E. , Mulavu Mataanana , Sindano Ntazana , Kasanga Lameck , Mweemba Oliver , Seale Dana McDaniel , Seale J. Paul , Mutale Wilbroad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The Global Resilience Oral Workshops (GROW) Free and Strong programs take a strengths-based, positive youth development (PYD) approach to promoting thriving. Through both prevention (GROW Strong) and intervention (GROW Free) exercises, these programs aim to build character and emotional resilience while also lowering unhealthy alcohol use.

Objective
To meaningfully assess the impact of the GROW programs on health and PYD, ecologically and psychometrically valid measures of character strengths were needed, with a focus on the strengths of hope, forgiveness, spirituality, prudence, and self-control (self-regulation) promoted by GROW.

Method
We tested a series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of these five key constructs using two samples: a school-based youth sample enrolled in GROW Strong (n = 460; Mage = 15.04 years, SDage = 1.21; 53.0% female); and a community-based adult sample enrolled in GROW Free (n = 457; Mage = 20.60 years, SDage = 1.88; 49.7% female); both enrolled using a waitlist-control design.

Results
Measures demonstrated strong invariance across specific subgroups present in the data sets, with differences emerging across ages, urban/rural locations, and baseline study conditions.

Conclusions
To meaningfully document PYD programs and character development in the majority world, measurement models must be theory-predicated, robust, and empirically validated for the specific context. The results provide evidence for such a measure that will be useful in future intervention studies promoting character strengths to address unhealthy alcohol use in Zambia.
Self aeration and energy dissipation on a steep stepped chute: how does physical modelling compare to prototype observations?
Authors: Chanson Hubert , Hu Jiayue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor the last five decades, a number of overflow stepped chutes were built because the staircase shape is conducive to reduced construction costs and increased rate of energy dissipation. The stepped chute operations are characterised by air‐water flows that are highly turbulent flows with a large rate of energy dissipation, in comparison to smooth chutes. Herein, physical measurements were performed in a large‐size 1 V: 0.80H stepped chute model, with a steep slope typical of modern concrete gravity dams. The results are compared to visual observations of prototype spillway operation under Froude similar conditions. The detailed two‐phase flow measurements were conducted to characterise finely the self‐aeration and air diffusion process downstream of the inception region of free‐surface aeration. The bubble count rate profiles scaled with the instantaneous void fraction variance, and the relationship was biased close to the stepped invert under the influence of large‐scale vortical structures. The rate of energy dissipation was carefully estimated based upon the two‐phase flow measurements and the results are compared to earlier results on similar steep invert slopes and prototype data estimates. At the downstream end of the stepped chute, the rate of energy dissipation ranged from 43 to 46%, i.e. more than twice that on a smooth-invert chute for a similar chute length and discharge range.
Graphical abstract

Characteristics of self-aerated stepped chute flows for dc/h = 1.3—(I) Prototype flow at Hinze Dam (Re = 4.0 × 107); (II) Air-water flow properties in the large-size laboratory model (1:15) stepped spillway (Re = 6.1 × 105)
Domestic Violence in Pregnant Trauma Patients: A Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Alvarez Claudia , Nahmias Jeffry , Lucas Alexa N. , Fierro Nicole , Dhillon Navpreet K. , Ley Eric J. , Smith Jennifer , Burruss Sigrid , Dahan Alden , Johnson Arianne , Ganske William , Biffl Walter L. , Bayat Dunya , Castelo Matthew , Wintz Diane , Zheng Dennis J. , Tillou Areti , Coimbra Raul , Tuli Rahul , Santorelli Jarrett E. , Emigh Brent , Schellenberg Morgan , Inaba Kenji , Duncan Thomas K. , Diaz Graal , Tay-Lasso Erika , Aryan Negaar , Zezoff Danielle C. , Grigorian Areg 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Domestic violence (DV) during pregnancy is associated with a higher incidence of obstetric complications. This study aimed to identify the injury profile and outcomes of pregnant trauma patients (PTPs) presenting after DV. We hypothesize that PTPs presenting after DV have a higher rate of fetal delivery (FD) and adverse maternal outcomes, compared to propensity-matched PTPs sustaining non-DV trauma.

Methods
PTPs ≥ 18 years old were included in this post-hoc analysis of a multicenter retrospective (2016–2021) study at 12 Level-I/II trauma centers. An unmatched and a 1:2 propensity-matched analyses of PTPs presenting with mechanisms involving and not involving DV were performed.

Results
From 950 patients, 70 (7.4%) PTPs presented after DV. The median age of PTPs presenting after DV was 26 years, the most common ethnicity was Hispanic (40%), and the most common mechanism and injury type were assault (85.7%) and abdominal injury (11.4%). PTPs presenting after DV had a higher rate of head injury (10% vs. 4.2%, p = 0.026). There was no difference in maternal complications and rate of FD (p > 0.05). These results did not change in the 1:2 propensity-matched analysis.

Conclusion
Our study found a higher rate of head injuries among PTPs presenting after DV compared to similarly matched PTPs presenting after non-DV trauma. However, no significant differences were observed in the rate of FD or maternal and fetal complications. Examining the effectiveness of universal screening for DV in the trauma setting and prenatal care may help optimize care delivery and support services for affected PTPs.
Interactions between small organic molecules and water measured using pressure perturbation calorimetry
Authors: Toronjo-Urquiza Luis , Besford Quinn Alexander , Falconer Robert John 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous liquid mixtures play a critical role in many biological and chemical processes. Solutes including sugars, sugar alcohols, carboxylic acids, alcohols and acetone can affect the hydrogen-bonded structure of water and this can be measured using pressure perturbation calorimetry (PPC). In binary water–solute mixtures, Δ(∂CP/∂P)T is a measure of the structure of the water component. At low alcohol concentrations, negative Δ(∂CP/∂P)T values are consistent with clathrate-like water cages around the alkyl moieties. Conversely, when solutes hydrogen bond with water it interferes in the formation of “ice-like” water and is observable as a positive Δ(∂CP/∂P)T. The Δ(∂CP/∂P)T at increasing concentrations of ethanol, acetone and acetic acid in water displayed very different behaviors. Ethanol–water mixtures had three distinct concentration dependent phases; the first, with ethanol surrounded by water molecules, followed by the ethyl groups self-associating breaking the clathrate-like cages, and the ethanol–water network displacing all of the bulk water. Acetic acid–water mixtures display nonlinearity in Δ(∂CP/∂P)T versus acetic acid concentration consistent with acetic acid self-interaction which interferes with acetic acid capacity to disrupt water structure. Acetone-water mixtures display linearity in Δ(∂CP/∂P)T versus acetone concentration which is consistent with acetone’s inability to hydrogen bond with other acetone molecules. The lack of negative Δ(∂CP/∂P)T values in acetic acid-water and acetone-water mixtures suggests there is sufficient self-association between these solutes to prevent clathrate-like water cage formation. PPC can provide invaluable insight into the behavior of aqueous binary mixtures.
Voxel-based evolutionary topological optimization of connected structures for natural frequency optimization
Authors: Bacciaglia Antonio , Ceruti Alessandro , Liverani Alfredo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe topology optimization methodology is widely utilized in industrial engineering for designing lightweight and efficient components. In this framework, considering natural frequencies is crucial for adequately designing components and structures exposed to dynamic loads, as in aerospace or automotive applications. The scientific community has shown the efficiency of Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO), showcasing its ability to converge towards optimal solid-void or bi-material solutions for a wide range of frequency optimization problems in continuum structures. However, these methods show limits when the complexity of the domain volume increases; thus, they are well-suited for academic case studies but may fail when dealing with industrial applications that require more complex shapes. The connectivity of the structures resulting from the optimization also plays a fundamental role in choosing the best optimization approach, as some available commercial and open-source codes nowadays return unfeasible sparse structures. An improved voxel-based BESO algorithm has been developed in this work to cope with current limits in lightweight structure optimization. A significant case study has been developed to evaluate the performances of the new methodology and compare it with existing algorithms. In contrast to previous studies, the method we developed guarantees that the final structure respects constraints on the initial design volume and that the structure’s connection is preserved, thus enabling the manufacturing of the component with Additive Manufacturing technologies. The proposed approach can be complemented by smoothing algorithms to obtain a structure with externally appealing surfaces.
Exosomal MicroRNAs modulate the cognitive function in fasudil treated APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yan Yuqing , Gao Ye , Kumar Gajendra , Fang Qingli , Yan Hailong , Zhang Nianping , Zhang Yuna , Song Lijuan , Li Jiehui , Zheng Yucheng , Zhang Nan , Zhang Peijun , Ma Cungen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline stemming from the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and the propagation of tau pathology through synapses. Exosomes, crucial mediators in neuronal development, maintenance, and intercellular communication, have gained attention in AD research. Yet, the molecular mechanisms involving exosomal miRNAs in AD remain elusive. In this study, we treated APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice, a model for AD, with either vehicle (ADNS) or fasudil (ADF), while C57BL/6 (control) mice received vehicle (WT). Cognitive function was evaluated using the Y-maze test, and AD pathology was confirmed through immunostaining and western blot analysis of Aβ plaques and phosphorylated tau. Exosomal RNAs were extracted, sequenced, and analyzed from each mouse group. Our findings revealed that fasudil treatment improved cognitive function in AD mice, as evidenced by increased spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test and reduced Aβ plaque load and phosphorylated tau protein expression in the hippocampus. Analysis of exosomal miRNAs identified three miRNAs (mmu-let-7i-5p, mmu-miR-19a-3p, mmu-miR-451a) common to both ADNS vs ADF and WT vs ADNS groups. Utilizing miRTarBase software, we predicted and analyzed target genes associated with these miRNAs. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of miRNA target genes indicated that mmu-miR-19a-3p and mmu-miR-451a are implicated in signal transduction, immune response, cellular communication, and nervous system pathways. Specifically, mmu-miR-19a-3p targeted genes involved in the sphingolipid signaling pathway, such as Pten and Tnf, while mmu-miR-451a targeted Nsmaf, Gnai3, and Akt3. Moreover, mmu-miR-451a targeted Myc in signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells. In conclusion, fasudil treatment enhanced cognitive function by modulating exosomal MicroRNAs, particularly mmu-miR-451a and mmu-miR-19a-3p. These miRNAs hold promise as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for novel AD treatments.
Graphical Abstract
Disrupting glioblastoma networks with tumor treating fields (TTFields) in in vitro models
Authors: Schlieper-Scherf Steffen , Hebach Nils , Hausmann David , Azorín Daniel D. , Hoffmann Dirk C. , Horschitz Sandra , Maier Elena , Koch Phillip , Karreman Matthia A. , Etminan Nima , Ratliff Miriam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the biological effect of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) on key drivers of glioblastoma’s malignancy—tumor microtube (TM) formation—and on the function and overall integrity of the tumor cell network.

Method
Using a two-dimensional monoculture GB cell network model (2DTM) of primary glioblastoma cell (GBC) cultures (S24, BG5 or T269), we evaluated the effects of TTFields on cell density, interconnectivity and structural integrity of the tumor network. We also analyzed calcium (Ca2+) transient dynamics and network morphology, validating findings in patient-derived tumoroids and brain tumor organoids.

Results
In the 2DTM assay, TTFields reduced cell density by 85–88% and disrupted network interconnectivity, particularly in cells with multiple TMs. A “crooked TM” phenotype emerged in 5–6% of treated cells, rarely seen in controls. Ca2+ transients were significantly compromised, with global Ca2+ activity reduced by 51–83%, active and periodic cells by over 50%, and intercellular co-activity by 52% in S24, and almost completely in BG5 GBCs. The effects were more pronounced at 200 kHz compared to a 50 kHz TTFields. Similar reductions in Ca2+ activity were observed in patient-derived tumoroids. In brain tumor organoids, TTFields significantly reduced tumor cell proliferation and infiltration.

Conclusion
Our comprehensive study provides new insights into the multiple effects of Inovitro-modeled TTFields on glioma progression, morphology and network dynamics in vitro. Future in vivo studies to verify our in vitro findings may provide the basis for a deeper understanding and optimization of TTFields as a therapeutic modality in the treatment of GB.
New exact solutions of the conformable space-time two-mode foam drainage equation by two effective methods
Authors: Sağlam Özkan Yeşim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this article, the two-mode foam drainage equation in terms of time and space conformable sense has been investigated. Two effective methods, the generalized exponential rational function method (GERFM) and the improved version of the Bernoulli sub-equation function method (IBSEFM), are used to get new solutions of underlying equation. The fractional travelling wave transformation is applied to convert nonlinear partial differential equations to nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Proposed methods successfully extract trigonometric, hyperbolic and exponential solutions. Some of the obtained solutions are visualized to understand the effect of fractional orders of time and space derivatives on the wave profile and the dynamic behavior of the solutions.