bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shape-controlled synthesis of polyhedral CdS flowerlike architectures and their optical properties
Authors: Kong Qinghong , Wu Hui , Zhang Xingguang , Yao Shanshan , Zhang Junhao , Zhang Xiaoning 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Fabrication of polyhedral CdS flower-like architectures have been achieved on a large scale through a mixed solvothermal method. The obtained CdS are characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the results indicate that the CdS flower-like architectures with diameters of 1.5–2.0 µm are hexagonal wurtzite phase and are assembled by some pyramids with the bottom side length of about 440 nm, which have some crystallographic faces. A series of relevant experiments through altering experimental parameters, indicate that the temperature, starting materials and solvent play key roles for the shape evolution of CdS flower-like architectures. The studies of optical properties for polyhedral CdS flower-like architectures indicate that the UV-vis spectroscopy shows a blue-shift absorption peak at 500 nm compared to that of bulk CdS, the photoluminescence spectroscopy shows an emission peak at 640 nm and another strong emission peak at 695 nm, which are believed to be attributed to excitonic emission and deep levels.
Flow injection analysis of ethambutol in synthetic urine using a graphite-polyurethane composite electrode as an amperometric detector
Authors: Perantoni Camila , Azevedo Alessandra , Vaz Fernando , Oliveira Marcone , Matos Renato , Lowinsohn Denise 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Ethambutol (ETB) is a first-line antitubercular drug effective against actively growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Resistance of the mycobacterium to ethambutol among tuberculosis (TB) patients results from inadequate or inappropriate dosing of treatment or using low quality medication. It is therefore necessary to develop reliable methods for determining ethambutol metabolic profiles of patients at point of care for proper dosing. Herein an efficient ETB sensor device is illustrated. It consists of a graphite-polyurethane composite electrode. In order to characterise the electrochemical behaviour of ethambutol at pH = 8.0 voltammetric studies were performed. The detector was assembled in a flow injection apparatus and operated at +1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl(NaCl sat.)). The influence of sample volume and flow rate was studied. The linear response for the method was extended up to a 1.1 mmol L−1 ethambutol solution with a detection limit of 0.0634 mmol L−1. The reproducibility of current responses for injections of 0.7 mmol L−1 ethambutol solution was evaluated to be 5.1% (n = 30) and the analytical frequency was 161 determinations h−1. Two different samples were successfully analysed and the results were in good agreement with those obtained using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE).
Éléments de conceptualisation du travail d'enseignant chercheur : L'activité suivi de mémoire est-elle homomorphe à l'activité accompagnement de Validation des Acquis de l'Expérience ?
Authors: Munoz Grégory , Sylvestre Emmanuel , Soulard Évelyne 
Published: July 2013

L’étude caractérise l’activité d’ accompagnement du dossier de validation des acquis de l’expérience de l’enseignant-chercheur à travers une analyse issue du paradigme de la didactique professionnelle (Pastré, 2011). Elle explore les homomorphismes (Vergnaud, 1994) entre la situation d’activité connue de suivi de mémoire de master et cette situation d’activité moins connue. Se pose alors la question de savoir si les concepts en acte (Vergnaud, 1999) construits par l’acteur afin de pouvoir gérer la première situation sont mobilisables dans le cadre de la seconde. L’une et l’autre relèvent-elles d’une même classe de situation plus élargie, qui pourrait être relative à l’accompagnement de réalisation d’un travail universitaire ? Si les deux situations d’activité semblent a priori parentes , il importe cependant d’en dégager les différences. En effet, ces dernières s’avèrent essentielles pour les acteurs, afin de leur permettre de mieux conceptualiser les spécificités de l’activité d’ accompagnement en VAE , pour laquelle ils sont peu formés.
L'accompagnement de l'autoformation dans des dispositifs de formation. Pratiques relationnelles et effets formatifs
Authors: Clénet Catherine 
Published: July 2013

Dans notre contribution, nous construisons une problématique de l’accompagnement de l’autoformation dans les dispositifs de formation pour adultes. Notre démarche d’ensemble consiste à questionner l’accompagnement de l’autoformation comme une situation formative considérée sous l’angle des relations d’influence, au sein de collectif et dans un agir communicationnel. À travers une démarche inductive et compréhensive, nous avons analysé des pratiques dans deux dispositifs novateurs en formation pour adultes (formation individualisée et formation à distance). Nos résultats permettent d’identifier les facteurs de qualité d’une pratique relationnelle ayant des effets formatifs chez l’apprenant : une relation d’accompagnement, un espace-temps construit et partagé par le groupe social faisant étayage pour une dynamique d’engagement de l’apprenant dans ses apprentissages.
L'information au cœur de l'intelligence économique stratégique
Authors: Monino Jean-Louis 
Published: July 2013

L’information est au cœur de l’Intelligence économique et sa gestion stratégique est devenue l’un des moteurs essentiels de la performance globale des entreprises. En effet, le processus de mondialisation des marchés contraint les agents économiques à s’adapter aux nouveaux équilibres qui s’établissent entre concurrence et coopération. Désormais, la conduite des stratégies industrielles repose largement sur la capacité des entreprises à accéder aux informations stratégiques pour mieux anticiper les marchés à venir et les stratégies des concurrents. Classification JEL : D83, C80, C 81, D81, O31
Qui dit intelligence économique dit partage d'information
Authors: Salam Ghizlane 
Published: July 2013

Le processus d’Intelligence Économique, avec ces différentes étapes, est conditionné par une fluidité de la circulation des flux d’informations, une culture de travail en groupe, de partage d’informations et d’échange de connaissances. Alors, l’entreprise ne pourrait réussir dans sa démarche d’IE, sans développer un état d’esprit collaboratif basé sur le travail en équipe et la création collective des richesses. Pour cela, cet article vise à mettre en lumière la problématique du partage d’informations dans le cadre du processus d’IE. Classification JEL : C80, L14, J53, D83, D81
Intelligence économique et compétitivité de l'entreprise marocaine : Quelle interaction ?
Authors: Mansouri Zahra 
Published: July 2013

Dans un contexte de plus en plus concurrentiel, seules les entreprises qui ont adopté une stratégie de création et de gestion des différents flux d’informations seront capables d’anticiper les changements des comportements des acteurs économiques, de prévoir l’évolution des marchés, d’identifier l’innovation technologique et de prendre les bonnes décisions afin d’améliorer leur compétitivité. Considérée comme une démarche de maîtrise de l’information stratégique utile au développement des entreprises, l’intelligence économique (IE), nouveau mode de management, est devenue, un levier indispensable de la performance économique des entreprises au Maroc. Classification JEL : M15, L21, D83, D81
Situations relationnelles et gestion des grossesses non prévues à Dakar
Authors: Adjamagbo Agnès , Koné Pierrette Aguessy 
Published: July 2013

De nombreuses études ont souligné l’augmentation des grossesses non planifiées chez les jeunes en Afrique subsaharienne, mais rares sont celles qui se sont intéressées à l’évolution concomitante des aspirations des jeunes dans les domaines de la sexualité et de la parentalité. À partir d’une recherche menée à Dakar au Sénégal, cet article analyse la complexité des enjeux individuels et collectifs autour d’une grossesse inattendue, et montre que cette notion renvoie à une réflexion plus ample sur les enjeux contraceptifs en début de vie sexuelle. L’étude s’appuie sur 74 récits de vie de femmes et d’hommes recueillis entre 2007 et 2008 à Dakar dans le cadre de la recherche ECAF ( Emergency Contraception in Africa ) financée par l’Union européenne. La collecte des données repose sur une approche biographique de type qualitative qui met en perspective les trajectoires résidentielle, scolaire, professionnelle, affective ou conjugale, et contraceptive des individus. Les résultats révèlent quatre dimensions structurantes de la relation à la maternité : le contexte relationnel dans lequel la grossesse survient, le jeu de pouvoir entre les différents protagonistes (individus, couples, familles et/ou entourage), les relations de pouvoir fondées sur le genre, et l’insécurité croissante des conditions de vie.
Prototypic Long Pentraxin PTX3 Is Present in Breast Milk, Spreads in Tissues, and Protects Neonate Mice from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection
Authors: Jaillon Sébastien , Mancuso Giuseppe , Hamon Yveline , Beauvillain Céline , Cotici Viorica , Midiri Angelina , Bottazzi Barbara , Nebuloni Manuela , Garlanda Cecilia , Frémaux Isabelle , Gauchat Jean-François , Descamps Philippe , Beninati Concetta , Mantovani Alberto , Jeannin Pascale , Delneste Yves 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Newborns and infants present a higher susceptibility to infection than adults, a vulnerability associated with deficiencies in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Innate immune receptors are sensors involved in the recognition and elimination of microbes that play a pivotal role at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), the prototypic long pentraxin, is a soluble pattern recognition receptor involved in the initiation of protective responses against selected pathogens. Because neonates are generally resistant to these pathogens, we suspected that PTX3 may be provided by a maternal source during the early life times. We observed that human colostrum contains high levels of PTX3, and that mammary epithelial cell and CD11b+ milk cells constitutively produce PTX3. Interestingly, PTX3 given orally to neonate mice was rapidly distributed in different organs, and PTX3 ingested during lactation was detected in neonates. Finally, we observed that orally administered PTX3 provided protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in neonate mice. Therefore, breastfeeding constitutes, during the early life times, an important source of PTX3, which actively participates in the protection of neonates against infections. In addition, these results suggest that PTX3 might represent a therapeutic tool for treating neonatal infections and support the view that breastfeeding has beneficial effects on the neonates’ health.
ERAAP and Tapasin Independently Edit the Amino and Carboxyl Termini of MHC Class I Peptides
Authors: Kanaseki Takayuki , Lind Kristin Camfield , Escobar Hernando , Nagarajan Niranjana , Reyes-Vargas Eduardo , Rudd Brant , Rockwood Alan L. , Van Kaer Luc , Sato Noriyuki , Delgado Julio C. , Shastri Nilabh 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Effective CD8+ T cell responses depend on presentation of a stable peptide repertoire by MHC class I (MHC I) molecules on the cell surface. The overall quality of peptide–MHC I complexes (pMHC I) is determined by poorly understood mechanisms that generate and load peptides with appropriate consensus motifs onto MHC I. In this article, we show that both tapasin (Tpn), a key component of the peptide loading complex, and the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase associated with Ag processing (ERAAP) are quintessential editors of distinct structural features of the peptide repertoire. We carried out reciprocal immunization of wild-type mice with cells from Tpn- or ERAAP-deficient mice. Specificity analysis of T cell responses showed that absence of Tpn or ERAAP independently altered the peptide repertoire by causing loss as well as gain of new pMHC I. Changes in amino acid sequences of MHC-bound peptides revealed that ERAAP and Tpn, respectively, defined the characteristic amino and carboxy termini of canonical MHC I peptides. Thus, the optimal pMHC I repertoire is produced by two distinct peptide editing steps in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Pervaporation
Authors: Tsuru Toshinori , Wang Jinhui 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis review covers recent progresses made in pervaporation (PV). The performances of polymer and inorganic (zeolite and silica) membranes and organic–inorganic composite membranes are summarized according to different applications such as ethanol (EtOH) dehydration and the separation of organic–organic mixtures. The preparation methods and morphologies of different types of membranes are discussed. The transportation mechanism also is discussed based on solution‐diffusion and pore‐flow models.
Silicon
Authors: Runyan W. R. ,   Updated by Staff
Published: July 2013

AbstractSilicon is brittle and has a gray metallic luster. It is a light chemical element with metallic and nonmetallic characteristics. Silicon is rarely found free in nature. Early processes for providing quantities of high purity silicon started with the metallurgical grade of silicon produced by the reduction of silica and coke in an electric arc furnace. There were attempts to purify it metallurgically. However, to obtain the purity of silicon required for most semiconductor applications, metallurgical‐grade silicon is first converted to a silicon compound that can be easily purified. Most high purity silicon is used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices and most devices are made from single crystal silicon. Elemental silicon is inert in air. The main uses are in the aluminum alloys and chemical industries The semiconductor and solar industries, which manufacture chips for computers and photovoltaic cells account for a small portion of use.
Inkjet Printing
Authors: Kamyshny Alexander , Magdassi Shlomo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis article presents an overview of technologies and materials in the field of inkjet printing. It focuses on the fundamental aspects of inkjet printing: inkjet technologies, ink requirements, and their composition and properties, which are specific for various printing devices and applications. It also covers substrates for inkjet printing and ink–substrate interactions, which should be adjusted for optimal performance and for obtaining a high quality printed pattern, as well as application of inkjet technology for printing various functional materials.
Weaning at Anglo‐Saxon raunds: Implications for changing breastfeeding practice in britain over two millennia
Authors: Haydock Hannah , Clarke Leon , Craig‐Atkins Elizabeth , Howcroft Rachel , Buckberry Jo 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis study investigated stable‐isotope ratio evidence of weaning for the late Anglo‐Saxon population of Raunds Furnells, Northamptonshire, UK. δ15N and δ13C values in rib collagen were obtained for individuals of different ages to assess the weaning age of infants within the population. A peak in δ15N values at about 2‐year‐old, followed by a decline in δ15N values until age three, indicates a change in diet at that age. This change in nitrogen isotope ratios corresponds with the mortality profile from the site, as well as with archaeological and documentary evidence on attitudes towards juveniles in the Anglo‐Saxon period. The pattern of δ13C values was less clear. Comparison of the predicted age of weaning to published data from sites dating from the Iron Age to the 19th century in Britain reveals a pattern of changing weaning practices over time, with increasingly earlier commencement and shorter periods of complementary feeding in more recent periods. Such a change has implications for the interpretation of socioeconomic changes during this period of British history, since earlier weaning is associated with decreased birth spacing, and could thus have contributed to population growth. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:604–612, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protein structure in context: The molecular landscape of angiogenesis
Authors: Span Elise A. , Goodsell David S. , Ramchandran Ramani , Franzen Margaret A. , Herman Tim , Sem Daniel S. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA team of students, educators, and researchers has developed new materials to teach cell signaling within its cellular context. Two nontraditional modalities are employed: physical models, to explore the atomic details of several of the proteins in the angiogenesis signaling cascade, and illustrations of the proteins in their cellular environment, to give an intuitive understanding of the cellular context of the pathway. The experiences of the team underscore the use of these types of materials as an effective mode for fostering students' understanding of the molecular world and the scientific method used to define it. © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 41(4):213–223, 2013
Problem‐based test: Replication of mitochondrial DNA during the cell cycle
Authors: Sétáló György 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTerms to be familiar with before you start to solve the test: cell cycle, generation time, S‐phase, cell culture synchronization, isotopic pulse‐chase labeling, density labeling, equilibrium density‐gradient centrifugation, buoyant density, rate‐zonal centrifugation, nucleoside, nucleotide, kinase enzymes, polymerization of nucleic acids, re‐replication block, cell fractionation, Svedberg (sedimentation constant = [ S]), nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, heavy and light mitochondrial DNA chains, heteroplasmy, mitochondrial diseases © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 41(4):273–277, 2013
ChemInform Abstract: Multifunctional Open‐Framework Zinc Phosphate /C12H14N2/ [Zn6(PO4)4(HPO4) (H2O)2]: Photochromic, Photoelectric and Fluorescent Properties.
Authors: Wu Junbiao , Yan Yan , Liu Bingkun , Wang Xuelei , Li Jiyang , Yu Jihong 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe new three‐dimensional title open‐framework zinc phosphate with 12‐ring channels is solvothermally synthesized from Zn(OAc)2, H3PO3, and 4,4′‐bipyridine using a mixture of MeOH and H2O as solvent (autoclave, 170 °C, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: From Spin Induced Ferroelectricity to Spin and Dipolar Glass in a Triangular Lattice: The CuCr1‐xVxO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) Delafossite.
Authors: Kumar S. , Singh K. , Miclau M. , Simon Ch. , Martin C. , Maignan A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by solid state reactions of Cu, CuO, Cr2O3, and V2O5 (1100 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State Synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 for High Power Lithium Ion Battery Applications.
Authors: Han Seung‐Woo , Ryu Ji Heon , Jeong Joayoung , Yoon Dang‐Hyok 
Published: July 2013

AbstractLarge scale (15 kg) preparation of Li4Ti5O12 is performed by solid state reaction of Li2CO3 and anatase‐phase TiO2 (molar ratio of 4.05:5).
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Coated Li4Ti5O12 Nanorods as Superior Anode Material for High Rate Lithium Ion Batteries.
Authors: Luo Hongjun , Shen Laifa , Rui Kun , Li Hongsen , Zhang Xiaogang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractCarbon coated Li4Ti5O12 nanorods for high‐rate Li ion batteries are prepared by mixing anatase‐phase TiO2 with glucose and KOH (stirring and sonication, 1 h) followed by hydrothermal treatment (autoclave, 180 °C, 1 d) and dispersing the obtained nanorods in LiOH solution (autoclave, 150 °C, 6 h) before calcination of the obtained precursor (600 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Strontium AntimonateIII Sr5Sb22O38: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterizations.
Authors: Geng Lei , Meng Chang‐Yu , Lin Chen‐Sheng , Cheng Wen‐Dan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe title compound is hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous mixture of Sb2O3, Sr(OH)2, and KF as mineralizer (autoclave, 190 °C, 4 d, 45% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Organic—Inorganic Hybrid Sandwich‐Type Germanotungstate with Discrete [Fe4(en)2 (α‐GeW9O34)2]8‐ Polyoxoanions and 1‐D [Fe4(en)(α‐GeW9O34)2] n8n‐ Polymeric Chains.
Authors: Tian Shuanbao , Li Yanzhou , Zhao Junwei , Ma Pengtao , Chen Lijuan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe new compound [enH2]8 [Fe4(en)(α‐GeW9O34)2] [Fe4(en)2 (α‐GeW9O34)2] ·en·14H2O is hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of K8Na2[A‐α‐GeW9O34], Ce(NH4)4(SO4)4, FeCl3, en, and H2O (autoclave, 160 °C, 6 d, 25% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Carbon Insertion into the β‐Vinyl C—H Bond of Cyclic Enones with Alkyl Diazoacetates.
Authors: Lee Sung Il , Kang Byung Chul , Hwang Geum‐Sook , Ryu Do Hyun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA novel Lewis acid‐promoted Csp2‐H functionalization reaction of cyclic enones using various diazoacetates is described.
ChemInform Abstract: CaF2‐Catalyzed SN2‐type Chlorodehydroxylation of Chiral Secondary Alcohols with Thionyl Chloride: A Practical and Convenient Approach for the Preparation of Optically Active Chloroalkanes.
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Wang Huanxia , Ma Yun , Wang Youming , Zhou Zhenghong , Tang Chuchi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe SOCl2/CaF2 system shows superior properties compared to SOCl2/Py with regards to higher yields and enantioselectivity and is found to be suitable for large scale preparations.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of α‐Substituted Nitro Acetates to Nitro Olefins: Enantioselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted γ‐Lactams.
Authors: Li Ying‐Zi , Li Fei , Tian Ping , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn gram scale reactions as well as in reactions using the recycled catalyst comparable results are achieved.
ChemInform Abstract: Air‐Stable Bifunctional Allylation Reagents for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Differentiated syn‐ and anti‐1,3‐Diols.
Authors: Lee Jae Seung , Kim Dongeun , Kong Suk Bin , Han Hyunsoo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe chiral bifunctional reagent (II) and its enantiomer are developed and successfully applied in the enantioselective synthesis of anti‐ (IV) and syn‐1,3‐diols, respectively, in high yields via aldehyde allylation followed by diastereoselective decarboxylative allylic etherification reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐Acylation of Cyclopropanols: Preparation of Functionalized 1,4‐Diketones.
Authors: Parida Bibhuti Bhusan , Das Pragna Pratic , Niocel Mathilde , Cha Jin Kun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis method was deployed as key reaction in total synthesis of (+)‐myrmicarin 217 (XXII).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkynylation of Quaternary α‐Cyano Acetate Salts.
Authors: Feng Yi‐Si , Xu Zhong‐Qiu , Mao Long , Zhang Feng‐Feng , Xu Hua‐Jian 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe title reaction is utilized for the preparation of functionalized butynenitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Formation from Acyclic Precursors: Sequential Palladium‐Catalyzed Double Acetoxylation‐Cyclization of 3,6‐Heptadienoates to 2,4‐Diacetoxycyclopentylideneacetates.
Authors: Bottarelli Paolo , Costa Mirco , Della Ca' Nicola , Fava Emanuela 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDepending on the reaction conditions, mono‐ and diacetoxylated cyclopentanone derivatives can be prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Arylation of Allylic Ethers with Arylboronic Acids Using Hydrazone Ligands.
Authors: Mino Takashi , Kogure Taketo , Abe Taichi , Koizumi Tomoko , Fujita Tsutomu , Sakamoto Masami 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe protocol is applied to the preparation of eugenol (XII) which is obtained in moderate yield.
ChemInform Abstract: An Acetylene Zipper—Sonogashira Reaction Sequence for the Efficient Synthesis of Conjugated Arylalkadiynols.
Authors: Kulyashova Alexandra E. , Sorokoumov Viktor N. , Popik Vladimir V. , Balova Irina A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe convenient protocol uses an efficient LAT‐promoted isomerization of internal alkadiynols to terminal ones followed by Sonogashira coupling with functionalized iodides.