bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between dietary fiber intake and chronic diarrhea in adults
Authors: Wang Lin , Li Yan , Zhang Yu-Jing , Peng Li-Hua 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Dietary fiber is essential for human health and can help reduce the symptoms of constipation. However, the relationship between dietary fiber and diarrhea is, poorly understood.
AIM
To evaluate the relationship between dietary fiber and chronic diarrhea.
METHODS
This retrospective study was conducted using data from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducted between 2005 and 2010. Participants over the age of 20 were included. To measure dietary fiber consumption, two 24-hour meal recall interviews were conducted. The independent relationship between the total amount of dietary fiber and chronic diarrhea was evaluated with multiple logistic regression and interaction analysis.
RESULTS
Data from 12829 participants were analyzed. Participants without chronic diarrhea consumed more dietary fiber than participants with chronic diarrhea (29.7 vs 28.5, P = 0.004). Additionally, in participants with chronic diarrhea, a correlation between sex and dietary fiber intake was present: Women who consume more than 25 g of dietary fiber daily can reduce the occurrence of chronic diarrhea.
CONCLUSION
Dietary fiber can reduce the occurrence of chronic diarrhea.
Main focus of parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the effectiveness of early clinical screening
Authors: Li Jia-Wen , Gao Ke , Yang Xiao-Yun , Li Zhi-Fei 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common mental and behavioral disorder among children.
AIM
To explore the focus of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder parents and the effectiveness of early clinical screening
METHODS
This study found that the main directions of parents seeking medical help were short attention time for children under 7 years old (16.6%) and poor academic performance for children over 7 years old (12.1%). We employed a two-stage experiment to diagnose ADHD. Among the 5683 children evaluated from 2018 to 2021, 360 met the DSM-5 criteria. Those diagnosed with ADHD underwent assessments for letter, number, and figure attention. Following the exclusion of ADHD-H diagnoses, the detection rate rose to 96.0%, with 310 out of 323 cases identified.
RESULTS
This study yielded insights into the primary concerns of parents regarding their children's symptoms and validated the efficacy of a straightforward diagnostic test, offering valuable guidance for directing ADHD treatment, facilitating early detection, and enabling timely intervention. Our research delved into the predominant worries of parents across various age groups. Furthermore, we showcased the precision of the simple exclusion experiment in discerning between ADHD-I and ADHD-C in children.
CONCLUSION
Our study will help diagnose and guide future treatment directions for ADHD.
Clinical characteristics and analysis of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss in different ages
Authors: Zhang Yan-Zhuo , Wang Ya-Bo , Fang Jing-Lei , Wang Yue-Tang , Li Gui-Fang , Liu Ran-Ran , Shi Shu-Jing , Wang Chun-Hua , Tian Yong-Tao 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Numerous studies have found that patients experiencing sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), with or without accompanying vertigo, often show impaired vestibular function. However, there is a dearth of studies analyzing vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) in SSHL patients across various age groups.
AIM
To investigate vestibular condition in SSHL patients across various age demographics.
METHODS
Clinical data of 84 SSHL patients were investigated retrospectively. Audiometry, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (c-VEMPs), and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (o-VEMPs) were conducted on these patients. Parameters assessed included the latencies of P1 and N1 waves, as well as the amplitudes of P1–N1 waves. Moreover, the study evaluated the influence of factors such as sex, affected side, configuration of hearing loss, and presence of accompanying vertigo.
RESULTS
Among the 84 SSHL patients, no significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of gender, affected side, and the presence or absence of vertigo. Group II (aged 41–60 years) had the highest number of SSHL cases. The rates of absent o-VEMPs in the affected ears were 20.83%, 31.58%, and 22.72% for the three age groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference among them. The rates of absent c-VEMPs in the affected ears were 8.3%, 34.21%, and 18.18% for the three age groups, respectively, with significant differences. In the unaffected ears, there were differences observed in the extraction rates of o-VEMPs in the unaffected ears among the age groups. In the three age groups, no significant differences were noted in the three age groups in the latencies of P1 and N1 waves or in the amplitude of N1–P1 waves for c-VEMPs and o-VEMPs, either on the affected side or on the unaffected side, across the three age groups.
CONCLUSION
The extraction rate of VEMPs is more valuable than parameters. Regardless of the presence of vertigo, vestibular organs are involved in SSHL. Notably, SSHL patients aged 41–60 appear more susceptible to damage to the inferior vestibular nerve and saccule.
Effect of nursing intervention on rehabilitation of patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps after nasal endoscopy
Authors: Xu Hui , Pan Miao , Zhu Lin 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Chronic sinusitis is a kind of chronic suppurative inflammation of the sinus mucosa. Nasal endoscopy is a good method to treat nasal polyps. However postoperative rehabilitation and care should not be neglected.
AIM
To investigate the Effect of nursing intervention on the rehabilitation of patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps (CSNPS) after nasal endoscopy.
METHODS
A total of 129 patients with CSNPS hospitalized from February 2017 to February 2019 were studied. Using the digital parity method, we investigated nursing cooperation strategies for endoscopic surgery. The comparison group (64 cases): Surgical nursing was carried out with traditional nursing measures; experimental group (65 cases): Surgical nursing was carried out by traditional nursing countermeasures + comprehensive nursing measures. We compared postoperative recovery rates, nursing satisfaction rates, and nasal cavity ratings between the two groups.
RESULTS
Experimental group patients with CSNPS had a significantly higher recovery rate (98.46%) compared to the control group (79.69%). This difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 11.748, P < 0.05). Additionally, the satisfaction rate with treatment was also significantly higher in the experimental group (98.46%) compared to the control group (79.69%), with a statistically significant difference (χ 2 = 11.748, P < 0.05). Before nursing, there was no significant difference in sinus nasal cavity scores between the experimental group (20.29 ± 7.25 points) and the control group (20.30 ± 7.27 points) (t = 0.008, P > 0.05). However, after nursing, the sinus nasal cavity score in the experimental group (8.85 ± 3.22 points) was significantly lower than that in the control group (14.99 ± 5.02 points) (t = 8.282, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with CSNPS can significantly improve the total recovery rate after endoscopic surgery.
Better understanding of c-reactive protein and leukocytes in psychiatric inpatients with affective disorders: A biopsychosocial approach
Authors: Kölblinger Felix , Schönthaler Elena MD , Baranyi Andreas , Stross Tatjana , Fellendorf Frederike T , von Lewinski Dirk , Queissner Robert , Reininghaus Eva Z , Dalkner Nina 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Affective disorders (AD) have been linked to inflammatory processes, although the underlying mechanisms of this relationship are still not fully elucidated. It is hypothesized that demographic, somatic, lifestyle, and personality variables predict inflammatory parameters in AD.
AIM
To identify biopsychosocial factors contributing to inflammation in AD measured with two parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocytes.
METHODS
This observational study investigated 186 hospital inpatients diagnosed with AD using demographic parameters, serum inflammatory markers, somatic variables, psychological questionnaires, and lifestyle parameters. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to predict inflammatory markers from demographic, somatic, lifestyle, and personality variables.
RESULTS
Analyses showed that 33.8% of the variance of CRP was explained by body mass index and other somatic medication (e.g. anti-diabetics), age and education, and age of affective disorder diagnosis. For leukocytes, 20.1% of the variance was explained by smoking, diet, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and anti-inflammatory medication (e.g. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Other psychiatric or behavioural variables did not reach significance.
CONCLUSION
Metabolic components seem important, with mounting evidence for a metabolic affective disorder subtype. Lifestyle modifications and psychoeducation should be employed to prevent or treat MetS in AD.
Effect of capsule treatment on visual acuity and quality after phacoemulsification lens implantation in myopic patients with cataract
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Qi , Zhou Fang , Feng Bo , Wu Wan-Ling 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Cataracts pose a significant clinical burden due to their complex pathogenesis. In recent years, an increase in cataracts coexisting with myopia has heightened the incidence of retinopathy and posterior vitreous detachment. Additionally, symptoms of ocular axis elongation, lens nucleus hardening, and vitreous liquefaction have become more prevalent. While conventional extracapsular cataract extraction is commonly employed, it often yields suboptimal visual outcomes. Subsequent advancements in cataract phacoemulsification and lens implantation surgeries have gained widespread acceptance for their ability to improve refraction and significantly improve uncorrected visual acuity.
AIM
To investigate the effect of capsular treatment after phacoemulsification lens implantation in myopic patients with cataract.
METHODS
We selected 110 patients (with 134 eyes) with myopia and cataracts treated. These patients were categorized into two groups: an observation group (57 patients with 70 eyes) and a control group (53 patients with 64 eyes). The control group underwent cataract phacoemulsification and lens implantation, while the observation group received a refined capsular treatment based on the control group’s procedure. We assessed the differences in visual acuity and quality between the two groups before and after surgery.
RESULTS
At six months post-operation, the observation group exhibited significantly improved far vision, intermediate vision, near vision, lower objective scattering index, higher Modulation transfer function cut-off frequency, and overall vision metrics at different contrast levels (100%, 20% and 9%) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The total score of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire in the observation group at 6 months after operation was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions was observed between the observation group and control group (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Capsular treatment demonstrates efficacy in improving visual acuity and quality after phacoemulsification lens implantation in myopic patients with cataracts, warranting its clinical application.
Hepatic amyloidosis in a patient with chronic liver failure: A case report
Authors: Chen Yan , Peng Jing , Wang Yao , Xiao Li-Hua , Liu Fang , Wei Yin-Bin , Wu Xiong-Fei , Wang Lu-Wen 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Amyloidosis is a rare disorder that can be classified into various types, and the most common type is the systemic light chain type. The prognosis of this disease is extremely poor. In general, amyloidosis mainly affects the kidneys and heart and manifests as abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells. Cases in which the liver is the primary organ affected by amyloidosis, as in this report, are less common in clinical practice.
CASE SUMMARY
A 62-year-old man was admitted with persistent liver dysfunction of unknown cause and poor treatment outcomes. His condition persisted, and he developed chronic liver failure, with severe cholestasis in the later stage that was gradually accompanied by renal injury. Ultimately, he was diagnosed with hepatic amyloidosis through liver biopsy and pathological examination.
CONCLUSION
Hepatic amyloidosis rarely occurs in the clinic, and liver biopsy and pathological examination can assist in the accurate and effective diagnosis of this condition.
Early detection of pancreatic cancer in patients with recurrent pancreatitis: A case report
Authors: Wei Cheng , Li Yi-Chen , Jin Hong-Tao , Li De-Feng , Wang Li-Sheng , Yao Jun 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Pancreatic cancer presents a challenge with its low early diagnosis and treatment rates, leading to high metastasis and mortality rates. The median survival time for advanced pancreatic cancer is a mere 3 months. However, there's hope: small pancreatic cancers diagnosed at an early stage (T1) or those less than or equal to 1 cm in diameter boast an impressive 5-year survival rate of nearly 100%. This underscores the critical importance of early pancreatic cancer detection for significantly improving prognosis.
CASE SUMMARY
Pancreatic cancer, a malignant tumor of the digestive tract, poses challenges in both diagnosis and treatment due to its occult and atypical clinical symptoms. Clinically, patients with recurrent pancreatitis should be vigilant, as it may be indicative of pancreatic cancer, particularly in middle-aged and elderly patients. Here, we presented the case of a patient who experienced recurrent acute pancreatitis within a span of 2 months. During the initial episode of pancreatitis, routine imaging failed to identify the cause of pancreatic cancer. However, upon recurrence of acute pancreatitis, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed a space-occupying lesion approximately 1 cm in size in the pancreatic body. Subsequent EUS coupled with fine-needle aspiration examination demonstrated atypical pancreatic gland epithelium. Ultimately, the patient underwent surgery and was diagnosed with an intraductal papillary mucinous tumor of the pancreas (severe epithelial dysplasia, focal cancer).
CONCLUSION
We recommend EUS for patients with recurrent pancreatitis of unknown etiology to exclude early pancreatic cancer.
Silicone oil migrating into the conjunctival space and orbit after surgery for an eye-penetrating injury: A case report
Authors: Shu Ben-Liang , Wu Hong-Yun , Hu Yu-Xiang , Rao Jie , Wei Bin , Huang Qin-Yi , Wu Xiao-Rong 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
We report a case of eye-penetrating injury in which a massive silicone oil migration into the patient’s subconjunctival space and orbit occurred after vitrectomy.
CASE SUMMARY
A 30-year-old male patient sought medical attention at Ganzhou People’s Hospital after experiencing pain and vision loss in his left eye due to a nail wound on December 9, 2023. Diagnosis of penetrating injury caused by magnetic foreign body retention in the left eye and hospitalization for treatment. On December 9, 2023, pars plana vitrectomy was performed on the left eye for intraocular foreign body removal, abnormal crystal extraction, retinal photocoagulation. Owing to the discovery of retinal detachment at the posterior pole during surgery, silicone oil was injected to fill the vitreous body, following which upper conjunctival bubble-like swelling was observed. Postoperative orbital computed tomography (CT) review indicated migration of silicone oil to the subconjunctival space and orbit through a self-permeable outlet. On December 18, 2023, the patient sought treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China. The patient presented with a pronounced foreign body sensation following left eye surgery. On December 20, 2023, the foreign body was removed from the left eye frame and an intraocular examination was conducted. The posterior scleral tear had closed, leading to termination of the surgical procedure following supplementary laser treatment around the tear. The patient reported a significant reduction in ocular surface symptoms just one day after surgery. Furthermore, a notable decrease in the migration of silicone oil was observed in orbital CT scans.
CONCLUSION
The timing of silicone oil injection for an eye-penetrating injury should be carefully evaluated to avoid the possibility of silicone oil migration.
A rare presentation of unicentric Castleman's disease in the thigh: A case report and review of literature
Authors: AlSheikh Sultan , Altoijry Abdulmajeed , Al-Mubarak Husain , Alsallum Ofays Dakkam , Alakeel Fadi , Alanezi Tariq 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative, emulating both benign and malignant diseases. The diagnosis of CD is formulated upon the combination of clinical and laboratory criteria and ultimately confirmed by histopathological assessment. Due to its rarity, CD presents a challenge in treatment selection, with available options encompassing surgery, chemotherapy, and autologous stem cell transplantation. However, studies suggest that surgical resection of the lesion is the most effective treatment modality, especially for unicentric CD (UCD).
CASE SUMMARY
Here, we describe the case of a 25-year-old woman who presented with painless left thigh swelling for 10 wk. She had been following a low-fat diet to lose weight and had normal laboratory results. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-circumscribed, demarcated cystic lesion located in the left inguinal region with eccentrically positioned signal void vascular structures, measuring 4.3 cm × 3 cm × 3.2 cm, likely of lymphoid origin. The patient underwent surgical resection, and the final histopathology showed a vascular proliferation and hyalinization of the vessel walls, along with atretic germinal centers traversed by penetrating vessels, consistent with CD. The patient was discharged home one day after the procedure in good condition, with a follow-up appointment scheduled in our outpatient clinic.
CONCLUSION
Although surgical resection is the mainstay for UCD, a multidisciplinary approach is needed due the lack of specific diagnostic features and treatments.
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the treatment of obstructive shock caused by venous air embolism: A case report
Authors: Zhu Gui-Wei , Li Yan-Min , Yue Wen-Hui , Sun Jian-Xia , Zhou Xin , Xu Ying-Xia , Wang Hai-Bo , Zhang Qing-Hai 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Venous air embolism (VAE) is a potentially lethal condition, with a reported incidence rate of about 0.13%, and the true incidence may be higher since many VAE are asymptomatic. The current treatments for VAE include Durant's maneuver, aspiration and removal of air through venous catheters, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. For critically ill patients, use of cardiotonic drugs and chest compressions remain useful strategies. The wider availability of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has brought a new option for VAE patients.
CASE SUMMARY
A 53-year-old female patient with VAE presented to the emergency clinic due to abdominal pain with fever for 1 d and unconsciousness for 2 h. One day ago, the patient suffered from abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea. She suddenly became unconscious after going to the toilet during the intravenous infusion of ciprofloxacin 2 h ago, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, during which a small amount of gastric contents were discharged. She was immediately sent to a local hospital, where cranial and chest computed tomography showed bilateral pneumonia as well as accumulated air visible in the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. The condition deteriorated despite endotracheal intubation, rehydration, and other treatments, and the patient was then transferred to our hospital. Veno-arterial ECMO was applied in our hospital, and the patient's condition gradually improved. The patient was successfully weaned from ECMO and extubated after two days.
CONCLUSION
ECMO may be an important treatment for patients with VAE in critical condition.
Gold-coated D-shaped photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor with a wide detection range and large manufacturing tolerance
Authors: Liu Yingchao , Ren Shuang , Li Yaojun , Cao Peigang 
Published: June 2024

A D-shaped photonic crystal fiber refractive index (RI) sensor is designed, and its performance is analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). A gold film is coated on the D-shaped surface of the fiber as a plasmonic material for surface plasmon resonance sensing. The U-shaped arrangement of holes of the same size in the fiber structure enhances the coupling resonance between the core mode and the surface plasmon polariton mode. Numerical results show that the RI range of the sensor is 1.20–1.40, the maximum wavelength sensitivity is 16008.98 nm/RIU, and the detection width is up to 0.2 RIU. In addition, this study analyzes the manufacturing tolerance for the sizes of the air holes. The results show that the manufacturing tolerance for the three types of air holes is as high as 25%, 11.1%, and 10.2% when h is 40µm. These findings lay the foundation for the mass production of sensors. The above results indicate that the sensor has remarkable advantages such as enhanced sensitivity, wide measurement range, and exceptional manufacturing stability, and has promising applications in the fields of bio-detection, drug supply detection, and water pollution control.
CT and MR utilization and morbidity metrics across Body Mass Index
Authors: Dawod Mina , Nagib Paul , Zaki John , Prevedello Luciano M. , Ajam Amna A. , Nguyen Xuan V. 
Published: June 2024

Objective
Obesity is a high-morbidity chronic condition and risk factor for multiple diseases that necessitate imaging. This study assesses the relationship between BMI and same-year utilization of CT and MR imaging in a large healthcare population.

Methods
In this retrospective population-based study, all patients aged ≥18 years with a documented BMI in the multi-institutional Cosmos database were included. Cohorts were identified based on ≥1 documented BMI in 2021 within pre-defined ranges. For each cohort, we assessed the percentage of patients undergoing head, neck, chest, spine, or abdomen/pelvis CT and MR during the same year. Disease severity was quantified based on emergency department (ED) visits and mortality.

Results
In our population of 49.6 million patients, same-year CT and MR utilization was 14.5 ±0.01% and 6.0±0.01%, respectively. The underweight cohort had the highest CT (25.8±0.1%) and MR (8.01 ± 0.05) imaging utilization. At high extremes of BMI (>50 kg/m2), CT utilization mildly increased (18.4±0.1%), but MR utilization decreased (5.3±0.04%). While morbidity differences may explain some BMI-utilization relationships, lower MR utilization in the BMI>50 cohort contrasts with higher age-adjusted mortality (1.8±0.03%) and ED utilization (32.4±0.1%) in this cohort relative to normal weight (1.5±0.01% and 25.7±0.02%, respectively).

Conclusion
Underweight patients had disproportionately high CT/MR utilization, and high extremes of BMI are associated with mildly higher CT and lower MR utilization than the normal weight cohort. The elevated mortality and ED utilization in severely obese patients contrasts with their lower MR imaging utilization. Our findings may assist public health efforts to accommodate obesity trends.