bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
InGaAs/GaAs quantum well lasers grown on exact GaP/Si (001)
Authors: Huang Xue , Song Yuncheng , Masuda Taizo , Jung Daehwan , Lee Minjoo 
Published: August 2014

InGaAs/GaAs strained quantum well lasers on both GaP and exact Si (001) via an epitaxial GaP/Si template are developed. Ridge lasers of length 1.2 mm and width 80 µm on GaP and GaP/Si templates show threshold current densities of 1.6 and 5.6 kA/cm2, respectively, in pulsed mode at room temperature. The emission wavelength of 1043 nm for lasers on GaP/Si was red shifted from 1030 nm for lasers on GaP and GaAs, due to the thermal mismatch with the Si substrate.
Hydrophobic and thermal behaviour of nylon 6 nanofibre web deposited on cotton fabric through electrospinning
Authors: Dhineshbabu N.R. , Manivasakan Palanisamy , Rajendran Venkatachalam 
Published: August 2014

A nylon 6 nanofibre web was deposited on the surface of cotton fabrics using the electrospinning process. The prepared nylon 6 nanofibre‐modified cotton fabric showed remarkable hydrophobic and flame‐retardant properties. The morphology of nylon 6 nanofibres was examined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the surface topography of electrospun nanofibre was characterised using atomic force microscopy. The cross‐sectional view of the layered fabric morphology was observed through high‐resolution scanning electron microscopy. The hydrophobicity of the coated fabric was determined through static water contact angle measurement (132.2° for a 10 µl droplet). The flame‐retardant properties of the nylon 6 nanofibre‐modified cotton fabric and the uncoated cotton fabric were resolved with an inclined (45°) flame‐retardant testing machine. Results showed that nylon 6 nanofibre is of a superhydrophobic nature with enhanced flame‐retardant properties to cotton fabrics. This work opens up a new possibility for the development of polymer coating on cotton fabrics using the highly reliable electrospinning process.
Linkage of inflammation and oxidative stress via release of glutathionylated peroxiredoxin-2, which acts as a danger signal
Authors: Salzano Sonia , Checconi Paola , Hanschmann Eva-Maria , Lillig Christopher Horst , Bowler Lucas D. , Chan Philippe , Vaudry David , Mengozzi Manuela , Coppo Lucia , Sacre Sandra , Atkuri Kondala R. , Sahaf Bita , Herzenberg Leonard A. , Herzenberg Leonore A. , Mullen Lisa , Ghezzi Pietro 
Published: August 2014

Significance
Inflammation often complicates diseases associated with oxidative stress. This study shows that inflammatory macrophages release proteins with specific forms of cysteine oxidation to disulfides, particularly glutathionylation. Redox proteomics identified peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) as a protein released in glutathionylated form by inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Extracellular PRDX2 then triggers the production of TNF-α. These data indicate that redox-dependent mechanisms, in an oxidative cascade, can induce inflammation.
Effects of adenylates on the circadian interaction of KaiB with the KaiC complex in the reconstituted cyanobacterial Kai protein oscillator
Authors: Goda Kazuhito , Kondo Takao , Oyama Tokitaka 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes that possess circadian oscillators. Clock proteins, KaiA, KaiB, KaiC compose the central circadian oscillator, which can be reconstituted in vitro in the presence of ATP. KaiC has ATPase, autokinase, and autophosphatase enzymatic activities. These activities are modulated by protein–protein interactions among the Kai proteins. The interaction of KaiB with the KaiC complex shows a circadian rhythm in the reconstituted system. We previously developed a quantitative, real-time monitoring system for the dynamic behavior of the complex using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Here, we examined the effects of ATP and ADP on the rhythmic interaction of KaiB. We show that increased concentration of ATP or ADP shortened period length. Adding ADP to the Kai protein oscillation shifted its phase in a phase-dependent manner. These results provide insight into how circadian oscillation entrainment mechanism is linked to cellular metabolism.
AliView: a fast and lightweight alignment viewer and editor for large datasets
Authors: Larsson Anders 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Summary: AliView is an alignment viewer and editor designed to meet the requirements of next-generation sequencing era phylogenetic datasets. AliView handles alignments of unlimited size in the formats most commonly used, i.e. FASTA, Phylip, Nexus, Clustal and MSF. The intuitive graphical interface makes it easy to inspect, sort, delete, merge and realign sequences as part of the manual filtering process of large datasets. AliView also works as an easy-to-use alignment editor for small as well as large datasets.
Availability and implementation: AliView is released as open-source software under the GNU General Public License, version 3.0 (GPLv3), and is available at GitHub ( www.github.com/AliView ). The program is cross-platform and extensively tested on Linux, Mac OS X and Windows systems. Downloads and help are available at http://ormbunkar.se/aliview
Contact: anders.larsson@ebc.uu.se
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Arginine methylation of hnRNPK negatively modulates apoptosis upon DNA damage through local regulation of phosphorylation
Authors: Yang Jen-Hao , Chiou Yi-Ying , Fu Shu-Ling , Shih I-Yun , Weng Tsai-Hsuan , Lin Wey-Jinq , Lin Chao-Hsiung 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is an RNA/DNA-binding protein involved in chromatin remodeling, RNA processing and the DNA damage response. In addition, increased hnRNPK expression has been associated with tumor development and progression. A variety of post-translational modifications of hnRNPK have been identified and shown to regulate hnRNPK function, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation and methylation. However, the functional significance of hnRNPK arginine methylation remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the methylation of two essential arginines, Arg296 and Arg299, on hnRNPK inhibited a nearby Ser302 phosphorylation that was mediated through the pro-apoptotic kinase PKCδ. Notably, the engineered U2OS cells carrying an Arg296/Arg299 methylation-defective hnRNPK mutant exhibited increased apoptosis upon DNA damage. While such elevated apoptosis can be diminished through addition with wild-type hnRNPK, we further demonstrated that this increased apoptosis occurred through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and was p53 independent, at least in part. Here, we provide the first evidence that the arginine methylation of hnRNPK negatively regulates cell apoptosis through PKCδ-mediated signaling during DNA damage, which is essential for the anti-apoptotic role of hnRNPK in apoptosis and the evasion of apoptosis in cancer cells.
Relationship between Lung Volume and Pulmonary Function in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Wen Yu , Kai Song , Yong-gang Zhang , Guo-quan Zheng , Tian-xiang Dong 
Published: August 2014

Study Design:
Retrospective.

Objectives:
We determined values for the volume of right lung (Vr), left lung (Vl), total lung volume (Vt), and left/right lung volume ratio (Vl/Vr), allowing comparison between those data measured and those of age-matched controls. To find whether lung volume correlates with preoperative pulmonary function.

Summary of Background Data:
To our knowledge, no study on relationship between computed tomographic (CT) scans determined lung volume and pulmonary function test (PFT) in scoliosis have been published.

Methods:
All examinations with PFT (31 cases) were identified. Three-dimensional volumetric reconstruction of lung parenchyma was performed on existing preoperative CT scans for 26 idiopathic scoliosis patients. Vl, Vr, Vt, Vl/Vr, and absolute value of right volume minus left volume (|Vr−Vl|) were calculated and correlated with PFTs. To determine if significant difference of preoperative lung volume exists between idiopathic scoliosis patients and controls. Linear regression models, using 3-dimensional lung volume parameters as predictors for vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), and total lung capacity (TLC), were created.

Results:
Vt was positively correlated with VC, FVC, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), TLC, predicted value for FVC (FVC%), predicted value for FEV1 (FEV1%), predicted value for TLC (TLC%), and predicted value for maximal ventilator volume (MVV%) (P<0.05); |Vr−Vl| was not correlated with ventilation parameters (P>0.05); Diffusion parameters were not correlated with CT-reconstructed lung volume parameters (P>0.05); male and female adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients had less Vt, Vr, and Vl compared with those of age-matched controls (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
Vt was positively correlated with VC, FVC, FEV1, TLC, FVC%, FEV1%, TLC%, and MVV%. Vt, Vr, and Vl of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients were less than those of age-matched controls.
Herbicides as Weed Control Agents: State of the Art: II. Recent Achievements
Authors: Kraehmer Hansjoerg , van Almsick Andreas , Beffa Roland , Dietrich Hansjoerg , Eckes Peter , Hacker Erwin , Hain Ruediger , Strek Harry John , Stuebler Hermann , Willms Lothar 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn response to changing market dynamics, the discovery of new herbicides has declined significantly over the past few decades and has only seen a modest upsurge in recent years. Nevertheless, the few introductions have proven to be interesting and have brought useful innovation to the market. In addition, herbicide-tolerant or herbicide-resistant crop technologies have allowed the use of existing nonselective herbicides to be extended into crops. An increasing and now major challenge is being posed by the inexorable increase in biotypes of weeds that are resistant to herbicides. This problem is now at a level that threatens future agricultural productivity and needs to be better understood. If herbicides are to remain sustainable, then it is a must that we adopt diversity in crop rotation and herbicide use as well as increase the use of nonchemical measures to control weeds. Nevertheless, despite the difficulties posed by resistant weeds and increased regulatory hurdles, new screening tools promise to provide an upsurge of potential herbicide leads. Our industry urgently needs to supply agriculture with new, effective resistance-breaking herbicides along with strategies to sustain their utility.
The choice of growth method: strategies and resources
Authors: Ortiz-de-Urbina-Criado Marta , Ángel Guerras-Martín Luis , Montoro-Sánchez Ángeles 
Published: August 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of a firm's growth strategy (specialization and diversification) and its specific resources, such as intangible assets and previous experience in the choice of growth method (organic or external).Design-methodology-approachThe paper analyses 859 external growth arrangements and 1,057 cases of organic growth. A binomial logistic regression is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsResults show that firms prefer to grow internally when their growth strategy is specialization, but prefer external growth methods – such as mergers, acquisitions and alliances – when their growth strategy is diversification and they have previous experience in these methods.Research limitations-implicationsThis study applies only to the European case and could be extended to Latin American companies for a comparative analysis.Practical implicationsThis paper may help managers to identify important factors and issues to be considered when deciding upon a growth method. The European experience can be useful for Latin American companies following a similar growth strategy.Originality-valueThe results confirm a large part of the prior literature, but also go a stage further by including in the same study all the growth options available to a firm and providing empirical evidence of each one's preference according to the different situations analysed.
phylin: an r package for phylogeographic interpolation
Authors: Tarroso Pedro , Velo‐Antón Guillermo , Carvalho Sílvia B. 
Published: August 2014

Abstractphylin is a package for the r programming environment which offers different methods to spatially interpolate genetic information from phylogeographic data. These interpolations can be used to predict the spatial occurrence of different lineages within a phylogeny using a modified method of kriging, which allows the usage of a genetic distance matrix to derive a model of spatial dependence. phylin improves the available methods to generate interpolated surfaces from a phylogenetic trees by assessing the autocorrelation structure of the genetic information, interpolating the genetic data based on a statistical model, estimating the uncertainty of the predictions and identifying lineage occurrence and contact zones probability without projection of pairwise genetic distances into mid‐points between sample locations. The package also includes methods to plot interpolation surfaces and provide summary tables from the generated data and models. We provide an example of the usefulness of this tool by inferring the spatial occurrence of distinct historical evolutionary lineages of the Lataste's viper (Vipera latastei Boscá, 1878) in the Iberian Peninsula and identifying potential contact areas. The maps of phylogenetic patterns obtained with these methods provide a spatial context to test hypotheses related to processes underlying the geographic distribution of genetic diversity and to inform conservation planning.
MEMGENE: Spatial pattern detection in genetic distance data
Authors: Galpern Paul , Peres‐Neto Pedro R. , Polfus Jean , Manseau Micheline 
Published: August 2014

Summary

Landscape genetics studies using neutral markers have focused on the relationship between gene flow and landscape features. Spatial patterns in the genetic distances among individuals may reflect spatially uneven patterns of gene flow caused by landscape features that influence movement and dispersal.

We present a method and software for identifying spatial neighbourhoods in genetic distance data that adopts a regression framework where the predictors are generated using Moran's eigenvectors maps (MEM), a multivariate technique developed for spatial ecological analyses and recommended for genetic applications.

Using simulated genetic data, we show that our MEMGENE method can recover patterns reflecting the landscape features that influenced gene flow. We also apply MEMGENE to genetic data from a highly vagile ungulate population and demonstrate spatial genetic neighbourhoods aligned with a river likely to reduce, but not eliminate, gene flow.

We developed the MEMGENE package for R in order to detect and visualize relatively weak or cryptic spatial genetic patterns and aid researchers in generating hypotheses about the ecological processes that may underlie these patterns. MEMGENE provides a flexible set of R functions that can be used to modify the analysis. Detailed supplementary documentation and tutorials are provided.
The Neonatal Pain, Agitation and Sedation Scale reliably detected oversedation but failed to differentiate between other sedation levels
Authors: Giordano V. , Deindl P. , Kuttner S. , Waldhör T. , Berger A. , Olischar M. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to analyse the sedation subscale of the Neonatal Pain, Agitation and Sedation Scale (N‐PASS), because the N‐PASS has only been validated for the assessment of acute and prolonged pain.MethodsThe nurses’ expert opinion regarding the level of sedation of the study patients was used as reference scale. Paired assessments of both the N‐PASS sedation subscale and the nurses’ expert opinion were performed in 50 sedated neonates from 23 to 44 weeks of postmenstrual age.ResultsA total set of 503 paired observations was included into analysis. The median N‐PASS sedation subscale scores were significantly different for the three nurses’ expert opinion categories, with minus eight for oversedation, minus two for adequate sedation and zero for undersedation (p < 0.0001). Interobserver agreement for the N‐PASS sedation subscale was excellent – linearly weighted Cohen's Kappa was 0.93 – as was the internal consistency of 0.88, estimated by a Cronbach's alpha. The internal consistency increased to 0.90 if the vital sign item of the subscale was deleted.ConclusionThe N‐PASS sedation subscale reliably detected oversedation, but failed to differentiate between adequate and undersedation. We therefore recommend using additional methods to ensure adequate assessment of sedation in neonates.
Increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases in functional gastrointestinal disorders: case–control study of 23 471 primary care patients
Authors: Ford A. C. , Talley N. J. , Walker M. M. , Jones M. P. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackgroundThere is increasing evidence that impaired mucosal defence mechanisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of the functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), allowing inappropriate immune activation.AimTo test the hypothesis that an excess of autoimmune disorders among sufferers, using a large primary care database to examine this.MethodsCases were diagnosed with FGIDs – irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia (FD), chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), and multiple FGIDs. Controls were those without FGIDs. Prevalence of autoimmune disorders was compared between cases and controls using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsWe included 23 471 patients (mean age 51.4 years, 66.1% female). Prevalence of autoimmune disorders was greater among all FGIDs, compared with controls without. In those with FD (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.12–1.63), CIC (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.11–2.75), or multiple FGIDs (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.25–1.77) this was statistically significant after controlling for age and gender. Rheumatological autoimmune disorders were significantly more frequent in those with FD (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.15–1.80), CIC (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.08–3.13), or multiple FGIDs (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.24–1.88), after controlling for age and gender. However, endocrine autoimmune disorders were no more frequent in those with FGIDs, after controlling for age and gender.ConclusionsIn a large sample of primary care patients, there was a significantly higher prevalence of autoimmune disorders among those with FD, CIC, or multiple FGIDs not explained by differences in age or gender. We were unable to control for concomitant drug use, which may partly explain this association.
Regional Multiple Pathology Scores Are Associated with Cognitive Decline in Lewy Body Dementias
Authors: Howlett David R. , Whitfield David , Johnson Mary , Attems Johannes , O'Brien John T. , Aarsland Dag , Lai Mitchell K.P. , Lee Jasinda H. , Chen Christopher , Ballard Clive , Hortobágyi Tibor , Francis Paul T. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are characterized by the presence of α‐synuclein‐containing Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. However, both dementias also show variable degrees of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles), particularly in areas of the cortex associated with higher cognitive functions. This study investigates the contribution of the individual and combined pathologies in determining the rate of cognitive decline. Cortical α‐synuclein, phosphorylated tau (phosphotau) and Aβ plaque pathology in 34 PDD and 55 DLB patients was assessed semi‐quantitatively in four regions of the neocortex. The decline in cognition, assessed by Mini Mental State Examination, correlated positively with the cortical α‐synuclein load. Patients also had varying degrees of senile Aβ plaque and phosphotau pathology. Regression analyses pointed to a combined pathology (Aβ plaque plus phosphotau plus α‐synuclein‐positive features), particularly in the prefrontal cortex (BA9) and temporal lobe neocortex with the superior and middle temporal gyrus (BA21, 22), being a major determining factor in the development of dementia. Thus, cognitive decline in Lewy body dementias is not a consequence of α‐synuclein‐induced neurodegeneration alone but senile plaque and phosphorylated tau pathology also contribute to the overall deficits.
The impact of telemonitoring on adherence to nasal corticosteroid treatment in children with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
Authors: Pizzulli A. , Perna S. , Florack J. , Pizzulli A. , Giordani P. , Tripodi S. , Pelosi S. , Matricardi P. M. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackgroundAdherence to controller therapy in allergic diseases is low. Telemonitoring has been proposed to improve adherence to treatment in chronic diseases. However, this strategy has never been tested in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.ObjectiveTo test whether Internet‐based telemonitoring during the grass‐pollen season of children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis may enhance adherence to treatment.MethodsChildren and adolescents, 5–18 years old, with moderate‐to‐severe seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis to grass pollen requiring daily administration of nasal corticosteroid (NCS) (mometasone) were recruited (April 2013) in a paediatric allergy practice. Participants were randomized to Internet‐based monitoring (AllergyMonitor™, AM) or to usual care (no diary at all, controls) and followed from 13 May (T0) to 15 June 2013 (T2). An intermediate visit (T1) was performed between 31 May and 2 June. Optimal adherence to therapy was expressed as the use of at least 0.190 g/day of mometasone, corresponding to 1 puff/nostril/day, and it was measured by canister weights during (T1) and at the end (T2) of the study period. Main secondary outcomes included the reported disease severity (validated self‐questionnaire) and quality of life (AdoIRQLQ questionnaire), disease knowledge (multiple‐choice questionnaire), nasal flow and resistance at baseline and at T2.ResultsThe use of mometasone, expressed as both optimal adherence rate (48.4% vs. 12.5%; P = 0.002) and average daily use (0.20 ± 0.12 g/day vs. 0.15 ± 0.07 g/day; P = 0.037), was higher in the AM group (n = 31) than among controls (n = 32). Disease knowledge improved among the patients using AM (83.3% vs. 68.3%; P < 0.001) but not among controls (68.2% vs. 67.7% right answers; P > 0.05). No differences were observed in the reported severity of disease, nasal flow and resistance and quality of life both at baseline and at follow‐up visits.ConclusionsInternet‐based telemonitoring improves adherence to NCS treatment and disease knowledge among children and adolescents with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.