bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral blood 8 colour flow cytometry monitoring of hairy cell leukaemia allows detection of high‐risk patients
Authors: Garnache Ottou Francine , Chandesris Marie‐Olivia , Lhermitte Ludovic , Callens Céline , Beldjord Kheira , Garrido Marlene , Bedin Anne‐Sophie , Brouzes Chantal , Villemant Sarah , Rubio Marie‐Thérèse , Belanger Coralie , Suarez Felipe , Deau Bénédicte , Lefrère François , Hermine Olivier , Asnafi Vahid , Varet Bruno , Macintyre Elizabeth 
Published: March 2014

SummaryAlthough purine analogues have significantly improved the outcome of hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) patients, 30–40% relapse, illustrating the need for minimal residual disease (MRD) markers that can aid personalized therapeutic management. Diagnostic samples from 34 HCL patients were used to design an 8‐colour flow cytometry (8‐FC) tube for blood MRD (B/RD) analysis (188 samples) which was compared to quantitative IGH polymerase chain reaction (Q‐PCR) on 83 samples and to qualitative consensus IGH PCR clonality analysis on 165 samples. Despite heterogeneous HCL phenotypes at diagnosis, discrimination from normal B lymphocytes was possible in all cases using a single 8‐FC tube, with a robust sensitivity of detection of 10−4, comparable to Q‐PCR at this level, but preferable in terms of informativeness, simplicity and cost. B/RD assessment of 15 patients achieving haematological complete remission after purine analogues was predictive of a clinically significant relapse risk: with a median follow‐up of 95 months; only one of the nine patients with reproducible 8‐FC B/RD levels below 10−4 (B/RDneg) relapsed, compared to 5/6 in the B/RDpos group (P = 0·003). These data demonstrate the clinical interest of a robust 8‐FC HCL B/RD strategy that could become a surrogate biomarker for therapeutic stratification and new drug assessment, which should be evaluated prospectively.
Addition of lenalidomide to rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide (RICER) in first‐relapse/primary refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Feldman Tatyana , Mato Anthony R. , Chow Kar F. , Protomastro Ewelina A. , Yannotti Kara M. L. , Bhattacharyya Pritish , Yang Xiao , Donato Michele L. , Rowley Scott D. , Carini Carolanne , Valentinetti Marisa , Smith Judith , Gadaleta Gabriella , Bejot Coleen , Stives Susan , Timberg Mary , Kdiry Sabrina , Pecora Andrew L. , Beaven Anne W. , Goy Andre 
Published: March 2014

SummaryRelapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is associated with a poor prognosis. Outcomes are particularly poor following immunochemotherapy failure or relapse within 12 months of induction. We conducted a Phase I/II trial of lenalidomide plus RICE (rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide) (RICER) as a salvage regimen for first‐relapse or primary refractory DLBCL. Dose‐escalated lenalidomide was combined with RICE every 14 d. After three cycles of RICER, patients with chemosensitive disease underwent stem cell collection and consolidation with BEAM [BCNU (carmustine), etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan] followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (autoSCT). Patients who recovered from autoSCT toxicities within 90 d initiated maintenance treatment with lenalidomide 25 mg daily for 21 d every 28 d for 12 months. No dose‐limiting or unexpected toxicities occurred with lenalidomide 25 mg plus RICE. Grade 3/4 haematological toxicities resolved appropriately, and planned dose density and dose intensity of RICER were preserved. No lenalidomide or RICE dose reductions were required in any of the three cycles. After two cycles of RICER, nine of 15 patients (60%) achieved a complete response, and two achieved a partial response (13%). Combining lenalidomide with RICE is feasible, and results in promising response rates (particularly complete response rates) in high‐risk DLBCL patients.
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with t(6;9)(p23;q34) is associated with poor outcome in childhood AML regardless of FLT3‐ITD status: a report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Tarlock Katherine , Alonzo Todd A. , Moraleda Pilar P. , Gerbing Robert B. , Raimondi Susana C. , Hirsch Betsy A. , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Lange Beverly , Woods William G. , Gamis Alan S. , Meshinchi Soheil 
Published: March 2014

SummaryAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with t(6;9)(p23;q34) is a rare subtype associated with FLT3‐internal tandem duplication (ITD) and poor outcomes. The clinical outcomes of paediatric patients with t(6;9) with and without FLT3‐ITD treated on six consecutive cooperative trails were evaluated. In contrast to patients without t(6;9), those with t(6;9) had a significantly lower complete remission rate, higher relapse rate (RR), and poor overall survival (OS). Within t(6;9) patients, those with and without FLT3‐ITD had an OS of 40% and 27% respectively (P > 0·9), demonstrating that t(6;9) is a high‐risk cytogenetic feature in paediatric AML and its clinical impact is independent of the presence of FLT3‐ITD.
Late Miocene to Pliocene stratigraphy of the Kura Basin, a subbasin of the South Caspian Basin: implications for the diachroneity of stage boundaries
Authors: Forte Adam M. , Sumner Dawn Y. , Cowgill Eric , Stoica Marius , Murtuzayev Ibrahim , Kangarli Talat , Elashvili Mikheil , Godoladze Tea , Javakhishvili Zurab 
Published: March 2014

AbstractRelative ages of late Cenozoic stratigraphy throughout the Caspian region are referenced to regional stages that are defined by changes in microfauna and associated extreme (>1000 m) variations in Caspian base level. However, the absolute ages of these stage boundaries may be significantly diachronous because many are based on the first occurrence of either transgressive or regressive facies, the temporal occurrence of which should depend on position within a basin. Here, we estimate the degree of diachroneity along the Akchagyl regional stage boundary within the Caspian basin system by presenting two late Miocene‐Pliocene aged measured sections, Sarica and Vashlovani, separated by 50 km and exposed within the Kura fold‐thrust belt in the interior of the Kura Basin. The Kura Basin is a western subbasin of the South Caspian Basin and the sections presented here are located >250 km from the modern Caspian coast. New U‐Pb detrital zircon ages from the Sarica section constrain the maximum depositional age for Productive Series strata, a lithostratigraphic package considered correlative with the 2–3 Myr‐long regional Eoakchagylian or Kimmerian stage that corresponds to a period of extremely low (>500 m below the modern level) Caspian base level. This new maximum depositional age from the Productive Series at Sarica of 2.5 ± 0.2 Ma indicates that the regionally extensive Akchagyl transgression, which ended the deposition of the Productive Series near the Caspian coast at 3.2 Ma, may have appeared a minimum of 0.5 Myr later in the northern interior of the Kura Basin than at the modern Caspian Sea coast. The results of this work have important implications for the tectonic and stratigraphic history of the region, suggesting that the initiation of the Plio‐Pleistocene Kura fold‐thrust belt may have not been as diachronous along strike as previously hypothesized. More generally, these results also provide a measure of the magnitude of diachroneity possible along sequence boundaries, particularly in isolated basins. Comparison of accumulation rates between units in the interior of the Kura subbasin and the South Caspian main basin suggest that extremely large variations in these rates within low‐stand deposits may be important in identifying the presence of subbasins in older stratigraphic packages.
Climate vs. tectonics: the competing roles of Late Oligocene warming and Alpine orogenesis in constructing alluvial megafan sequences in the North Alpine foreland basin
Authors: Schlunegger F. , Norton K. P. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMegafan conglomerates of foreland basins chronicle the combined effect of palaeoclimate conditions, tectonic processes and the flux and granulometric composition of the supplied sediment. However, the architecture of these deposits is seldom uniquely compatible with a single driving force. This problem is illustrated here with a field‐based analysis of the ca. 30–20 Ma‐old Napf deposits in the north Alpine foreland basin which are coeval with a substantial global warming of ca. 6°C during the Late Oligocene. The observed larger grain sizes and a change in fluvial style from wandering to braided could be explained climatically by a shift to drier conditions with sparse vegetation, but would have resulted in less than 400 m of additional accommodation space during the 1 Ma duration of change. Accordingly, a climate scenario alone is also not compatible with rapid sediment accumulation rates of >1000 m Ma−1 recorded at Napf, or with a lack of any remarkable shifts in the Froude number, which would be expected if water discharge patterns changed substantially. Alternatively, flexural downwarping in response to a tectonic pulse could account for the increase in grain size and the change in fluvial style from wandering (more distal facies) to braided (proximal equivalent). However, a third driving force is required to explain the contemporaneous backstepping of the distal gravel front and progradation of the proximal braided facies. We suggest that the erosional hinterland steepened in response to an inferred tectonic pulse, resulting in a more widespread exposure of lithologies with higher erosional resistance, as inferred from an increasing contribution of crystalline constituents in the clast suites. Such a change would result in a larger D50 and a higher clast size variability in the supplied sediment, which in turn would contribute to the observed change from wandering to braided and the related shift in depositional systems. This study highlights the importance of tectonic processes and the role of changing surface lithologies in the source area for explaining variations in megafan construction even in the light of substantial palaeoclimate shift.
Rapid grain size coarsening at sandstone/conglomerate transition: similar expression in Himalayan modern rivers and Pliocene molasse deposits
Authors: Dubille Matthieu , Lavé Jérôme 
Published: March 2014

AbstractRadical grain size changes between two main units of a sedimentary megacycle in a foreland basin are commonly interpreted to result from changes in tectonic activity or climate in the adjacent mountain range. In central Nepal, the Cenozoic Siwalik molasse deposits exposed in the frontal Himalayan folds are characterized by such a radical grain size transition. Locally gravel deposits completely replace sands in vertical succession over approximately a hundred metres, the median grain size (D50) displaying a sharp increase by a factor of ca. 100. Such a rapid gravel‐sand transition (GST) is also observed in present‐day river channels about 8–20 km downstream from the outlet of the Siwalik Range. The passage from gravel‐bed channel reaches (proximal alluvial fans) to sand‐bed channel reaches (distal alluvial fans) occurs within a few kilometres on the Gangetic Plain in central Nepal, and the D50 ratio between the two types of channels equals ca. 100. We propose that the dramatic and remarkably similar increase in grain size observed in the Neogene Siwalik series and along modern rivers in the Gangetic foreland basin, results from a similar hydraulic process, i.e. a grain sorting process during the selective deposition of the sediment load. The sudden appearance of gravels in the upper Siwalik series would be related to the crossing of this sorting transition during progressive southward migration of the gravel front, in response to continuous Himalayan orogen construction. And as a consequence, the GST would be diachronous by nature. This study demonstrates that an abrupt change in grain size does not necessarily relate to a change in tectonic or climatic forcing, but can simply arise from internal adjustment of the piedmont rivers to the deposition and run out of coarse bedload. It illustrates, in addition, the genesis of quartz‐rich conglomerates in the Himalayan foreland through gravel selective deposition associated with differential weathering, abrasion processes and sediment recycling during thrust wedge advance and shortening of the foreland basin.
Age-associated Epstein–Barr virus-specific T cell responses in seropositive healthy adults
Authors: Cárdenas Sierra D , Vélez Colmenares G , Orfao de Matos A , Fiorentino Gómez S , Quijano Gómez S M 
Published: March 2014

SummaryEpstein–Barr virus (EBV) is present in 95% of the world's adult population. The immune response participates in immune vigilance and persistent infection control, and this condition is maintained by both a good quality (functionality) and quantity of specific T cells throughout life. In the present study, we evaluated EBV-specific CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocyte responses in seropositive healthy individuals younger and older than 50 years of age. The assessment comprised the frequency, phenotype, functionality and clonotypic distribution of T lymphocytes. We found that in both age groups a similar EBV-specific T cell response was found, with overlapping numbers of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α+ T lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+) within the memory and effector cell compartments, in addition to monofunctional and multi-functional T cells producing interleukin (IL)-2 and/or interferon (IFN)-γ. However, individuals aged more than 50 years showed significantly higher frequencies of IL-2-producing CD4+T lymphocytes in association with greater production of soluble IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 than subjects younger than 50 years. A polyclonal T cell receptor (TCR)-variable beta region (Vβ) repertoire exists in both age groups under basal conditions and in response to EBV; the major TCR families found in TNF-α+/CD4+T lymphocytes were Vβ1, Vβ2, Vβ17 and Vβ22 in both age groups, and the major TCR family in TNF-α+/CD8+T cells was Vβ13·1 for individuals younger than 50 years and Vβ9 for individuals aged more than 50 years. Our findings suggest that the EBV-specific T cell response (using a polyclonal stimulation model) is distributed throughout several T cell differentiation compartments in an age-independent manner and includes both monofunctional and multi-functional T lymphocytes.
Towards a conceptual model of youth leadership development
Authors: Redmond Susan , Dolan Pat 
Published: March 2014

AbstractYouth leadership development is a growing area of research and practice in recent years. This paper will present a conceptual model highlighting the key components necessary in cultivating young leaders including skills development, environmental factors and commitment to action. In each of these categories, a number of aspects, supported by international literature known to be important in developing leaders, are presented. In the skills section, important factors include social and emotional intelligence, the ability to collaborate with others (including problem solving and conflict resolution), the ability to articulate a vision and finally the ability to gain insight or knowledge into the particular subject area. Environmental conditions include having authentic opportunities that enable young people to practise and hone their skills. In terms of action, both the ability to inspire and motivate followers through high expectations and role modelling pave the way to having a good team on which to build youth leadership. This, together with mastery as developed through the ability to persist and endeavour, is critical to any successful youth leader.
Predicting Extinction Risk of Brazilian Atlantic Forest Angiosperms
Authors: LEÃO TARCISO C. C. , FONSECA CARLOS R. , PERES CARLOS A. , TABARELLI MARCELO 
Published: March 2014

AbstractUnderstanding how plant life history affects species vulnerability to anthropogenic disturbances and environmental change is a major ecological challenge. We examined how vegetation type, growth form, and geographic range size relate to extinction risk throughout the Brazilian Atlantic Forest domain. We used a database containing species‐level information of 6,929 angiosperms within 112 families and a molecular‐based working phylogeny. We used decision trees, standard regression, and phylogenetic regression to explore the relationships between species attributes and extinction risk. We found a significant phylogenetic signal in extinction risk. Vegetation type, growth form, and geographic range size were related to species extinction risk, but the effect of growth form was not evident after phylogeny was controlled for. Species restricted to either rocky outcrops or scrub vegetation on sandy coastal plains exhibited the highest extinction risk among vegetation types, a finding that supports the hypothesis that species adapted to resource‐limited environments are more vulnerable to extinction. Among growth forms, epiphytes were associated with the highest extinction risk in non‐phylogenetic regression models, followed by trees, whereas shrubs and climbers were associated with lower extinction risk. However, the higher extinction risk of epiphytes was not significant after correcting for phylogenetic relatedness. Our findings provide new indicators of extinction risk and insights into the mechanisms governing plant vulnerability to extinction in a highly diverse flora where human disturbances are both frequent and widespread.Predicción del Riesgo de Extinción de Angiospermas del Bosque Atlántico Brasileño
A review of the solitary cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Ally Mina S. , Robson Alistair 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCutaneous T‐cell lymphomas (CTCL) account for almost 65‐92% of all cutaneous lymphomas, many of which usually present with multiple lesions. However, a number of well‐recognized and rare types of CTCL, including mycosis fungoides, can present in isolated fashion. These solitary lesions often run a relatively indolent clinical course but often pose diagnostic difficulties. We review histopathologically challenging solitary cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas, including criteria for diagnosis, clinical course and prognosis, particularly for primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium pleomorphic lymphoma and indolent CD8+ lymphoid proliferation of acral sites. In addition, we suggest an algorithm and nomenclature to aid in the diagnosis of such problematic lesions.
Contrasting effects of climate change along life stages of a dominant tree species: the importance of soil–climate interactions
Authors: Ibáñez Beatriz , Ibáñez Inés , Gómez‐Aparicio Lorena , Ruiz‐Benito Paloma , García Luis V. , Marañón Teodoro 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAimFor tree species, adult survival and seedling and sapling recruitment dynamics are the main processes that determine forest structure and composition. Thus, studying how these two life stages may be affected by climate change in the context of other abiotic and biotic variables is critical to understand future population trends. The aim of this study was to assess the sustainability of cork oak (Quercus suber) forests at the core of its distributional range under future climatic conditions.LocationSouthern Spain.MethodsUsing forest inventory data collected at two periods 10 years apart, we performed a comprehensive analysis to evaluate the role of different abiotic and biotic factors on adult survival and recruitment patterns.ResultsWe found that both life stages were influenced by climatic conditions, but in different ways. Adult tree survival was negatively impacted by warmer spring temperatures, while recruitment was positively affected by warmer winter temperatures. Our results also revealed the importance of soil texture as a modulator of winter precipitation effects on adult survival. With higher winter precipitation, adult survival increased in sandy soils and decreased in clayish soils. Therefore, under predicted future climate scenarios of wetter winters and warmer temperatures, the presence of cork oaks is more likely to occur in sandy soils vs. clayish soils. Biotic conditions also affected these life stages. We found a negative effect of heterospecific but not conspecific trees on both adult survival and seedling recruitment.Main conclusionsOverall, the sustainability of the studied forests will be highly dependent not only on future climatic trends, but also on their interaction with other key factors – soil properties in particular – that modulate the effects of climate on demographic rates.
Systolic Mitral Valve Opening and Absent Isovolumic Relaxation: Unusual Hemodynamics of Severe Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Afolabi‐Brown Olayinka O. , Lynn Morris D. , Pressman Gregg S. 
Published: March 2014

Mini‐AbstractAn 84‐year‐old man with dyspnea was found to have severe mitral regurgitation on echocardiography. Interestingly, the mitral valve opened prior to aortic valve closure with both valves briefly open together; hence the isovolumic relaxation phase is absent.
Involvement of astroglial glutamate–glutamine shuttle in modulation of the jaw‐opening reflex following infraorbital nerve injury
Authors: Mostafeezur Rahman Md. , Shinoda Masamichi , Unno Syunpei , Zakir Hossain Md. , Takatsuji Hanako , Takahashi Kojiro , Yamada Yoshiaki , Yamamura Kensuke , Iwata Koichi , Kitagawa Junichi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTo evaluate the mechanisms underlying orofacial motor dysfunction associated with trigeminal nerve injury, we studied the astroglial cell activation following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the infraorbital nerve (ION) immunohistochemically, nocifensive behavior in ION‐CCI rats, and the effect of the glutamine synthase (GS) blocker methionine sulfoximine (MSO) on the jaw‐opening reflex (JOR), and also studied whether glutamate–glutamine shuttle mechanism is involved in orofacial motor dysfunction. GFAP‐immunoreactive (IR) cells were observed in the trigeminal motor nucleus (motV) 3 and 14 days after ION‐CCI, and the nocifensive behavior and JOR amplitude were also strongly enhanced at these times. The number of GS‐ and GFAP‐IR cells was also significantly higher in ION‐CCI rats on day 7. The amplitude and duration of the JOR were strongly suppressed after MSO microinjection (m.i.) into the motV compared with that before MSO administration in ION‐CCI rats. After MSO administration, the JOR amplitude was strongly suppressed, and the duration of the JOR was shortened. Forty minutes after m.i. of glutamine, the JOR amplitude was gradually returned to the control level and the strongest attenuation of the suppressive effect of MSO was observed at 180 min after glutamine m.i. In addition, glutamine also attenuated the MSO effect on the JOR duration, and the JOR duration was extended and returned to the control level thereafter. The present findings suggest that astroglial glutamate–glutamine shuttle in the motV is involved in the modulation of excitability of the trigeminal motoneurons affecting the enhancement of various jaw reflexes associated with trigeminal nerve injury.