bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terminal hypothermic Tau.P301L mice have increased Tau phosphorylation independently of glycogen synthase kinase 3α/β
Authors: Maurin Hervé , Lechat Benoit , Borghgraef Peter , Devijver Herman , Jaworski Tomasz , Van Leuven Fred 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe microtubule‐associated protein Tau is responsible for a large group of neurodegenerative disorders, known as tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease. Tauopathy result from augmented and/or aberrant phosphorylation of Tau. Besides aging and various genetic and epigenetic defects that remain largely unknown, an important non‐genetic agent that contributes is hypothermia, eventually caused by anesthesia. Remarkably, tauopathy in brains of hibernating mammals is not pathogenic, and, because it is fully reversible, is even considered to be neuroprotective. Here, we assessed the terminal phase of Tau.P301L mice and bigenic crosses with mice lacking glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)α completely, or GSK3β specifically in neurons. We also analysed biGT bigenic mice that co‐express Tau.P301L with GSK3β.S9A and develop severe forebrain tauopathy with age. We found that the precocious mortality of Tau.P301L mice was typified by hypothermia that aggravated Tau phosphorylation, but, surprisingly, independently of GSK3α/β. The important contribution of hypothermia at the time of death of mice with tauopathy suggests that body temperature should be included as a parameter in the analysis of pre‐clinical models, and, by extension, in patients suffering from tauopathy.
Reduction of rat brain CD8+ T‐cells by levodopa/benserazide treatment after experimental stroke
Authors: Kuric Enida , Ruscher Karsten 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe activation of inflammatory cascades in the ischemic hemisphere impairs mechanisms of tissue reorganization with consequences for recovery of lost neurological function. Recruitment of T‐cell populations to the post‐ischemic brain occurs and represents a significant part of the inflammatory response. This study was conducted to investigate if treatment with levodopa, potentially acting as an immunomodulator, affects the T‐cell accumulation in the post‐ischemic brain. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (tMCAO) for 105 min followed by levodopa/benserazide treatment (20 mg/kg/15 mg/kg) for 5 days initiated on day 2 post‐stroke. One week after tMCAO, T‐cell populations were analysed from brains, and levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 1, IL‐4, IL‐5, interferon gamma and IL‐13 were analysed. After levodopa/benserazide treatment, we found a significant reduction of cytotoxic T‐cells (CD3+CD8+) in the ischemic hemisphere together with reduced levels of T‐cell‐associated cytokine IL‐5, while other T‐cell populations (CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD4+CD25+) were unchanged compared with vehicle‐treated rats. Moreover, a reduced number of cells was associated with reduced levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1, expressed in endothelial cells, in the infarct core of levodopa/benserazide‐treated animals. Together, we provide the first evidence that dopamine can act as a potential immunomodulator by attenuating inflammation in the post‐ischemic brain.
B‐cell activating factor detected on both naïve and memory B cells in bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Qian Hua , Kusuhara Masahiro , Li Xiaoguang , Tsuruta Daisuke , Tsuchisaka Atsunari , Ishii Norito , Koga Hiroshi , Hayakawa Taihei , Ohara Koji , Karashima Tadashi , Ohyama Bungo , Ohata Chika , Furumura Minao , Hashimoto Takashi 
Published: April 2014

AbstractB‐cell activating factor (BAFF), an important immune regulatory cytokine, is involved in development of autoimmune diseases. Although BAFF is expressed in various cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes, BAFF expression on B cells has not been well documented. In the present study, BAFF molecules on DCs and naïve and memory B cells in autoimmune bullous diseases, including pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus and bullous pemphigoid (BP), were analysed by flow cytometry. Compared with healthy controls (HC), BAFF expression on naïve and memory B cells increased significantly in BP. No difference in BAFF receptor expression in naïve and memory B cells was shown among all study groups. Furthermore, BAFF expression in both naïve and memory B cells of BP, but not HC, was detected by confocal microscopic analysis. These results implied that BAFF expressed by B cells may play a pathogenic role in autoimmune bullous diseases, particularly BP.
Quiescent melanocytes form primary cilia
Authors: Le Coz Madeleine , Benmerah Alexandre , Larue Lionel 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWe show, for the first time, that melanocytes can form a primary cilium in vitro, corresponding to an immotile or sensory cilium. Such cilia are observed when melanocytes reach confluence or when medium nutrient levels are insufficient. This observation should greatly improve our understanding of the signal transduction processes potentially occurring in these cells during embryonic development, homeostasis in adulthood and melanomagenesis.
Ultraviolet light protection by a sunscreen prevents interferon‐driven skin inflammation in cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: Zahn Sabine , Graef Medina , Patsinakidis Nikolaos , Landmann Aysche , Surber Christian , Wenzel Joerg , Kuhn Annegret 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIrradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light is an important exacerbating factor in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and induces various effects in the skin of patients with the disease, such as cell death and inflammation. Recently, we demonstrated the ability of a broad‐spectrum sunscreen to prevent UV‐induced damage both in patients with CLE and healthy controls (HCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the UV‐dependent activation of interferon (IFN)‐driven inflammation in CLE can also be prevented by application of the sunscreen. In 20 patients with different subtypes of CLE and 10 HCs, defined areas on the upper back were treated with a broad‐spectrum liposomal sunscreen 20 min prior to a combined standardized UVA/UVB irradiation. Immunohistological analyses using antibodies directed against MxA, CD11c, CD123 and CD68 were performed from skin biopsies taken from areas before UV irradiation as well as from sunscreen‐treated and sunscreen‐untreated areas 24 and 72 h after UV irradiation. The expression of MxA was completely prevented by the sunscreen applied prior to UV irradiation in CLE patients and HCs. Additionally, sunscreen protection significantly diminished the number of the CD11c‐ and CD123‐positive dendritic cells, which are suggested to be a major source of type I/III IFNs, in UV‐irradiated skin of patients with CLE. Moreover, the application of the sunscreen prevented the increase in CD68‐positive macrophages in both groups 72 h after UV irradiation. The data of this study demonstrate that UV protection reduces lesional tissue damage and inhibits the typical IFN‐driven inflammatory response in CLE.
Comparison of search strategies in systematic reviews of adverse effects to other systematic reviews
Authors: Golder Su , Loke Yoon K. , Zorzela Liliane 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundResearch indicates that the methods used to identify data for systematic reviews of adverse effects may need to differ from other systematic reviews.ObjectivesTo compare search methods in systematic reviews of adverse effects with other reviews.MethodsThe search methodologies in 849 systematic reviews of adverse effects were compared with other reviews.ResultsPoor reporting of search strategies is apparent in both systematic reviews of adverse effects and other types of systematic reviews. Systematic reviews of adverse effects are less likely to restrict their searches to MEDLINE or include only randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The use of other databases is largely dependent on the topic area and the year the review was conducted, with more databases searched in more recent reviews.Adverse effects search terms are used by 72% of reviews and despite recommendations only two reviews report using floating subheadings.ConclusionsThe poor reporting of search strategies in systematic reviews is universal, as is the dominance of searching MEDLINE. However, reviews of adverse effects are more likely to include a range of study designs (not just RCTs) and search beyond MEDLINE.
Deformation and fracture incidence of Reciproc instruments: a clinical evaluation
Authors: Plotino G. , Grande N. M. , Porciani P. F. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimTo investigate the incidence of fracture and deformation observed on Reciproc instruments after clinical use.MethodologyA total of 1696 Reciproc NiTi instruments that were discarded after normal clinical usage over 30 months were collected. Of these 1580 instruments were R25 (93%), 76 were R40 (5%), and 40 were R50 (2%). The treatments included 3780 root canal preparations, 3023 primary treatments and 757 retreatments. Root canal preparation was standardized and followed the manufacturer's directions for the use of Reciproc files without creating prior glide path with hand instruments. In retreatment cases, Reciproc R25 instrument was used to remove all filling material and to complete the preparation. Each instrument was used for shaping only one tooth. All the instruments used were inspected under a microscope to detect signs of fracture or deformation and, if any fracture existed, the length of the files was measured. Data were analysed using a chi‐square test with a level of significance set at P < .05.ResultsA total of 8 Reciproc R25 instruments fractured during treatment, which represents 0.47% of the number of instruments used and 0.21% of the root canals treated. Five instruments fractured in primary treatment cases and three instruments during retreatments. Six Reciproc R25 deformed during clinical use (0.35% of the number of instruments used and 0.15% of the root canals treated), four during retreatments and two during primary treatments. The deformation reported was unwinding of the blades, one at 1 mm from the tip and five between 2 and 3 mm from the tip. No deformations or fracture were registered for the Reciproc R40 and R50 instruments.ConclusionsRoot canal instrumentation following the manufacturer's instructions can be performed with Reciproc instruments with a very low incidence of instrument fracture and deformation.
Blue Upconversion Emission in Germanate Glass Co‐Doped with Yb3+/Tm3+ Ions
Authors: Dorosz Dominik , Kochanowicz Marcin , Zmojda Jacek 
Published: April 2014

In the paper, the upconversion luminescence of 70GeO2–30[Ga2O3–BaO–Na2O] glass system co‐doped with Yb3+/Tm3+ ions was investigated. Strong blue emission at 478 nm corresponding to the transition 1G4 → 3H6 in thulium ions was measured under the excitation of 976‐nm diode laser. The dependence of the upconversion emission upon the thulium ion concentration was studied to determine the optimal conditions of energy transfer between energy levels of active dopants. The most effective energy transfer Yb3+ → Tm3+ was obtained in glass co‐doped with molar ratio of dopant 0.7 Yb2O3/0.07 Tm2O3. The increase in thulium concentration more than 0.07 mol% results in the reverse energy transfer from Tm3+ → Yb3+, which leads to rapid quenching of the luminescence line at the wavelength 478 nm. In germanate glass co‐doped with 0.7Yb2O3/0.07Tm2O3, the longest lifetime of 1G4 level equal 278 μs was achieved. The presented results indicate that elaborated germanate glass co‐doped with Yb3+/Tm3+ ions is a promising material that can be used to produce fiber lasers and superluminescent fiber sources generating radiation in the visible spectrum.
Novel inactivating mutation of the calcium‐sensing receptor in a young woman with mild hypercalcaemia
Authors: Kim D. D. W. , Que L. , Raizis A. M. , Florkowski C. M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA young woman with mild hypercalcaemia and an inappropriately normal serum parathyroid hormone had parathyroid scintigraphy suggestive of an active ectopic parathyroid tissue in the superior mediastinum. Urinary calcium to creatinine clearance ratio was low, and a subsequent genetic analysis confirmed a novel mutation (Q164K) in the calcium sensing receptor gene, consistent with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia. We propose that this mutation accounts for her clinical and investigational findings, although a double pathology of Q164K and an ectopic parathyroid adenoma is also conceivable.
Knowledge and attitudes regarding the personally controlled electronic health record: an Australian national survey
Authors: Lehnbom E. C. , Brien J. E. , McLachlan A. J. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe personally controlled electronic health record (PCHER) was designed to bring important information together to facilitate effective communication between clinicians and so improve patient care. This national cross‐sectional survey of 405 healthcare providers and consumers found that they had relatively low awareness and knowledge about the PCEHR; that 62% of respondents believed that healthcare providers with access to the PCEHR would be able to provide better quality of care but only 50% of respondents would sign up to have a PCEHR.
Complete recovery from paraparesis in spinal cord compression due to extramedullary haemopoiesis in beta‐thalassaemia by emergency radiation therapy
Authors: Ruo Redda M. G. , Allis S. , Reali A. , Bartoncini S. , Roggero S. , Anglesio S. M. , Piga A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractExtramedullary haemopoiesis (EMH) is a complication commonly associated with beta‐thalassaemia intermedia; it is frequently asymptomatic but can sometimes lead to symptomatic tumour‐like masses. No guidelines or common consensus are available in literature regarding the different treatment strategies and only single cases have been reported. We describe a case of spinal cord compression due to intrathoracic EMH masses treated with combined radiotherapy and hydroxyurea.
Fatal quinine‐induced thrombocytopenia from pulmonary haemorrhage
Authors: Samaranayake C. B. , Yap E. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractSevere drug‐induced thrombocytopenia is a well known but rare complication of quinine. This paper presents a discussion on quinine‐induced thrombocytopenia based on a patient who developed fatal thrombocytopenia and pulmonary haemorrhage.
Nurses' knowledge about venous leg ulcer care: a literature review
Authors: Ylönen M. , Stolt M. , Leino‐Kilpi H. , Suhonen R. 
Published: April 2014

IntroductionThere is an increasing prevalence of venous leg ulcers coinciding with increasing older people populations. They are therefore important health problems, which restrict daily activities and incur high costs.BackgroundEfficient and comprehensive nursing care for people with venous leg ulcers requires knowledge of causes, presentations and characteristics, the effects that venous leg ulcers have on individuals and nursing care with evidence‐based treatment.AimTo identify the gaps between nurses' demonstrated knowledge of venous leg ulcers and the related nursing care treatment with evidence‐based nursing care.MethodA computerized search using MEDLINE, CINAHL the COCHRANE LIBRARY was conducted.ResultsThe initial search yielded 174 citations from which 16 relevant articles were included in this review. Four themes in venous leg ulcer nursing care emerged demonstrating nurses' knowledge gaps: assessment, physiology and the healing process, nursing care and dressings, and compression treatment.ConclusionThis review suggests that there is a lack of knowledge related to venous leg ulcer physiology, the healing process and how this influences care and treatment. Nurses may not be using the evidence base sufficiently well to support ulcer healing and patient well‐being.Implications for nursing and health policyThere is a need for a positive work culture development and ongoing educational programmes aimed at improving nurses' knowledge of venous leg ulcer treatment and care, which address the themes within the results of this review.
International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists' Anesthesia Program Approval Process
Authors: Horton B.J. , Anang S.P. , Riesen M. , Yang H.‐J. , Björkelund K.B. 
Published: April 2014

The International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists is improving anaesthesia patient care through a voluntary Anesthesia Program Approval Process (APAP) for schools and programmes. It is the result of a coordinated effort by anaesthesia leaders from many nations to implement a voluntary quality improvement system for education. These leaders firmly believe that meeting international education standards is an important way to improve anaesthesia, pain management and resuscitative care to patients worldwide.By 2013, 14 anaesthesia programmes from France, Iceland, Indonesia, Philippines, Sweden, Switzerland, Netherlands, Tunisia and the USA had successfully completed the process. Additional programmes were scheduled for review in 2014. Faculty from these programmes, who have successfully completed APAP, show how anaesthesia educators throughout the world seek to continually improve education and patient care by pledging to meet common education standards.As national governments, education ministers and heads of education institutions work to decrease shortages of healthcare workers, they would benefit from considering the value offered by quality improvement systems supported by professional organizations. When education programmes are measured against standards developed by experts in a profession, policy makers can be assured that the programmes have met certain standards of quality. They can also be confident that graduates of approved programmes are appropriately trained healthcare workers for their citizens.
Factors associated with health‐related quality of life among patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator: identification of foci for nursing intervention
Authors: Wong Florence Mei Fung , Sit Janet Wing Hung , Wong Eliza Mi Ling , Choi Kai Chow 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimTo explore factors associated with health‐related quality of life of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators.BackgroundSubstantial evidence indicates that implantable cardioverter defibrillator is proven to increase survival rate by terminating life‐threatening arrhythmia. However, this device can negatively affect health‐related quality of life. Little is known about factors associated with health‐related quality of life of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators, particularly in Asian population.DesignA transversal descriptive design was used.MethodsData were collected from a convenience sample of 139 adult patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators from 4 January–30 April 2012 using the structured questionnaires administered by the researcher and medical record reviews. The Short Form‐36 Health Survey version 2 was used to measure health‐related quality of life.ResultsA total of 139 Chinese patients, including 107 (77·0%) males with a mean age of 63·0 (14·6) years, were selected. The physical component summary was relatively lower, whereas the mental component summary was relatively higher than that of the general Hong Kong Chinese population. Multivariable regression analysis revealed gender, self‐care dependence, educational level, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, anxiety and depression significantly associated with physical or mental quality of life.ConclusionsDepression was a common factor affecting physical and mental quality of life. Self‐care dependence, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, depression and anxiety could be improved. Our findings expand existing knowledge on identifying at‐risk patients for having lower quality of life, thus allowing development of appropriate interventions targeting risk factors for improving health‐related quality of life of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
Management of a Facial Talon Cusp on a Maxillary Permanent Central Incisor: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yazıcıoğlu Oktay , Ulukapı Haşmet 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundA talon cusp is a morphologically well‐delineated accessory cusp. This case report discusses the unusual appearance of a talon cusp on the facial surface of the maxillary right permanent central incisor, which was conservatively treated and followed up for a period of 1 year.MethodsA 21‐year‐old female was referred for the treatment of a maxillary right central incisor that caused an esthetic problem. Intraoral examination and radiographic and computerized tomographic investigation indicated that there was no connection between the pulp chamber, a “V”‐shaped radiopaque structure, and three radiolucent globe areas. The accessory cusp was treated by selective cuspal grinding, followed by resin‐based composite placement. The restoration was clinically evaluated 1 week after placement, as a baseline, and after 1 year. The restoration did not exhibit postoperative sensitivity at the 1‐year evaluation. No difference was observed in the color match, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, or anatomic form compared with the baseline evaluation.ConclusionThe management and treatment outcome of a talon cusp depends on its size, presenting complications and patient cooperation. The present case report outlines the conservative management of a talon cusp.Clinical SignificanceThis paper outlines a viable esthetic treatment option and a review of the relevant literature with regards to managing a facial talon cusp.
The association between actual and perceived flood risk and evacuation from Hurricane Irene, Beaufort County, North Carolina
Authors: Wallace J.W. , Poole C. , Horney J.A. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractHurricane evacuation orders are often issued by local governments for individuals living in flood‐prone areas, but adherence to these orders is dependent on many factors, including an accurate perception of risk. One month after Hurricane Irene made landfall, interviews were conducted with 205 households in Beaufort County, NC, to assess the association between perceived and actual risk of flooding and evacuation. Crude and adjusted prevalence differences were calculated among households within areas of known flood risk. Households in the 100‐ and 500‐year flood plain were more likely to evacuate than those in non‐flood areas prior to Hurricane Irene, but perceived risk was not associated with evacuation, even after adjustment. Perceptions of flood risk did not align with actual risk of flooding in the majority of respondents. Actual flood risk is an important environmental cue in the construction of risk perception and in the decision to evacuate prior to hurricanes.