bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On‐Surface Stepwise Double Dehydrogenation for the Formation of a para‐Quinodimethane‐Containing Undecacene Isomer
Authors: Sarkar Suchetana , Álvarez Berta , Ho Au‐Yeung Kwan , Cobas Agustín , Robles Roberto , Lorente Nicolás , Peña Diego , Pérez Dolores , Moresco Francesca 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe on‐surface synthesis of an isomer of undecacene, bearing two four‐membered rings and two para‐quinodimethane moieties, starting from a tetramethyl‐substituted diepoxy precursor, is presented. The transformation implies a thermal double deoxygenation followed by a stepwise double dehydrogenation reaction on the Au(111) surface, locally induced by inelastic tunneling electrons. This results in the transformation of para‐dimethylbenzene moieties into non‐aromatic para‐quinodimethanes. The structures and electronic properties of the intermediate and final products are investigated at the single molecule level with high spatial resolution, using both scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and non‐contact atomic force microscopy. The experimental results are supported by density functional theory calculations.
Being born in autumn or winter is associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis in Finland
Authors: Hänninen Riikka , Murtomäki Aada , Svärd Fanni , Dietz Aarno , Torkki Paulus , Haukka Jari , Nuutinen Mikko , Toppila‐Salmi Sanna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundOur population‐based study has previously shown that being born in winter or spring was associated with adult‐onset asthma. The aim was to study if season of birth (SOB) is associated with airway allergy and related diseases: NSAID exacerbated respiratory disease (N‐ERD), asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) in Finland.MethodsA randomly sampled retrospective registry‐based follow‐up data (n = 74,868) of patients visiting Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUS) in Finland was used. The birth date, sex, visit date and comorbidities were collected from electronic health record data during visits from 2005 to 2019.ResultsThe mean (SD, range) age of the sample was 34.53 (25.47, 0–102) years, with 48.7 % being men. We divided the whole population in four groups based on the season they were born (SOB‐groups). When observing these four SOB‐groups, the proportion of those having asthma was 43.1%, 42.1%, 41.1%, 42.7%, in winter, spring, summer, and autumn SOB‐groups, respectively. The proportion of those having AR was 12.6%, 12.0%, 10.7%, 12.1%, respectively. When having summer as a reference, being born in any other time of year was significantly associated with AR and, being born in autumn or winter was associated with asthma. No significant association was observed in CRS or N‐ERD or NAR groups in adjusted models.ConclusionsThe study suggests that early life immunological events may have a role a role in pathogenesis of asthma and AR. As no association was observed between SOB and CRSsNP, CRSwNP, N‐ERD or NAR, further studies on this are warranted.
The aftermath of communicating CSR campaigns' results: A perception study
Authors: Filipeanu Dumitru , Hertug Iulian , Maha Liviu‐George , Tiganas Claudiu Gabriel , Viorica Elena‐Daniela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study aims to assess the adequacy to which main companies in Romania communicate the outcome of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) campaigns to the public, by comparing the public's perception of social responsibility as demonstrated by companies with reported non‐financial results. The study focuses on identifying public perception on the type of activity associated with social responsibility; how adequately the respondents ranked the main types of non‐financial results; how socially responsible the companies are perceived by the public; and how well‐known the main CSR campaigns and the companies initiating them were. Although there are online reports containing the non‐financial results of companies, either the public has not been interested or the communication of such results is inefficient. Instead, people's perception on the type of activities run by companies is formed mainly from the media and by reading materials made available on the companies' web pages.
Milk exosomes: Harnessing nature's duality for cancer therapy
Authors: Das Asmit , Sonar Swarup , Kalele Ketki , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMilk exosomes, extracellular nanovesicles that are naturally present in milk, have gained significant attention in cancer research for their potential to revolutionize cancer treatment strategies. They possess a specific set of characteristics that make them promising nanoscale vehicles for targeted drug delivery systems. Their inherent biocompatibility, coupled with their ability to effectively encapsulate and transport therapeutic agents directly into tumor cells, suggests the possibility of developing novel cancer therapies, potentially minimizing side effects associated with conventional therapies. However, recent studies have shown that milk exosomes have a dual nature, which is not entirely positive. Although they show potential in delivering anticancer therapeutics, evidence suggests they may also, under certain conditions, contribute to cancer progression. This paradoxical nature necessitates a better understanding of how they interact and work in different stages of cancer. Further investigation is crucial to understand the factors influencing their behaviour and to develop strategies that can maximize their therapeutic prospects while mitigating potential risks associated with their use in cancer treatment.
A novel cinnamic and caffeic acid‐conjugated peptide analogs with anticonvulsant and analgesic potency: Comparative analyses of trans/cis isomers
Authors: Tchekalarova Jana , Pechlivanova Daniela , Rangelov Miroslav , Todorova Nadezda , Stoyanova Tsveta , Assenov Borislav , Todorov Petar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe novel cinnamic acid (CA) (H4‐CA, H5‐CA, and H7‐CA) and caffeic acid (KA) (H4‐KA, H5‐KA, and H7‐KA) hemorphin analogs have recently been synthesized and their trans isomers have been tested for antiseizure and antinociceptive activity. In the present study, the cis forms of these compounds were tested and compared with their trans isomers in seizure and nociception tests in mice. The cis‐H5‐CA and H7‐CA compounds showed efficacy against psychomotor seizures, whereas the trans isomers were ineffective. Both the cis and trans KA isomers were ineffective in the 6‐Hz test. In the maximal electroshock (MES) test, the cis isomers showed superior antiseizure activity to the trans forms of CA and KA conjugates, respectively. The suppression of seizure propagation by cis‐H5‐CA and the cis‐H5‐KA was reversed by a kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist. Naloxone and naltrindole were not effective. The cis‐isomers of CA conjugates and cis‐H7‐KA produced significantly stronger antinociceptive effects than their trans‐isomers. The cis‐H5‐CA antinociception was blocked by naloxone in the acute phase and by naloxone and KOR antagonists in the inflammatory phase of the formalin test. The antinociception of the KA conjugates was not abolished by opioid receptor blockade. None of the tested conjugates affected the thermal nociceptive threshold. The results of the docking analysis also suggest a model‐specific mechanism related to the activity of the cis‐isomers of CA and KA conjugates in relation to opioid receptors. Our findings pave the way for the further development of novel opioid‐related antiseizure and antinociceptive therapeutics.
Design of novel broad‐spectrum antiviral nucleoside analogues using natural bases ring‐opening strategy
Authors: Du Xingyi , Yang Xingxing , Zhao Jianyuan , Zhang Jinyan , Yu Jiahui , Ma Ling , Zhang Weina , Cen Shan , Ren Xuhong , He Xinhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe global prevalence of RNA virus infections has presented significant challenges to public health in recent years, necessitating the expansion of its alternative therapeutic library. Due to its evolutional conservation, RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) has emerged as a potential target for broad‐spectrum antiviral nucleoside analogues. However, after over half a century of structural modification, exploring unclaimed chemical space using frequently‐used structural substitution methods to design new nucleoside analogues is challenging. In this study, we explore the use of the “ring‐opening” strategy to design new base mimics, thereby using these base mimics to design new nucleoside analogues with broad‐spectrum antiviral activities. A total of 29 compounds were synthesized. Their activity against viral RdRp was initially screened using an influenza A virus RdRp high‐throughput screening model. Then, the antiviral activity of 38a was verified against influenza virus strain A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), demonstrating a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 9.95 μM, which was superior to that of ribavirin (the positive control, IC50 = 11.43 μM). Moreover, 38a also has inhibitory activity against coronavirus 229E with an IC50 of 30.82 μM. In addition, compounds 42 and 46f exhibit an 82% inhibition rate against vesicular stomatitis virus at a concentration of 20 μM and hardly induce cytotoxicity in host cells. This work demonstrates the feasibility of designing nucleoside analogues with “ring‐opening” bases and suggests the “ring‐opening” nucleosides may have greater polarity, and designing prodrugs is an important aspect of optimizing their antiviral activity. Future research should focus on enhancing the conformational restriction of open‐loop bases to mimic Watson‐Crick base pairing better and improve antiviral activity.
Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Passively Classify Naturalistic Binge Eating and Vomiting Among Adults With Binge‐Spectrum Eating Disorders: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Presseller Emily K. , Velkoff Elizabeth A. , Riddle Devyn R. , Liu Jianyi , Zhang Fengqing , Juarascio Adrienne S. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveBinge eating and self‐induced vomiting are common, transdiagnostic eating disorder (ED) symptoms. Efforts to understand these behaviors in research and clinical settings have historically relied on self‐report measures, which may be biased and have limited ecological validity. It may be possible to passively detect binge eating and vomiting using data collected by continuous glucose monitors (CGMs; minimally invasive sensors that measure blood glucose levels), as these behaviors yield characteristic glucose responses.MethodThis study developed machine learning classification algorithms to classify binge eating and vomiting among 22 adults with binge‐spectrum EDs using CGM data. Participants wore Dexcom G6 CGMs and reported eating episodes and disordered eating symptoms using ecological momentary assessment for 2 weeks. Group‐level random forest models were generated to distinguish binge eating from typical eating episodes and to classify instances of vomiting.ResultsThe binge eating model had accuracy of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.92), sensitivity of 0.56, and specificity of 0.90. The vomiting model demonstrated accuracy of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.91), sensitivity of 0.88, and specificity of 0.71.DiscussionResults suggest that CGM may be a promising avenue for passively classifying binge eating and vomiting, with implications for innovative research and clinical applications.
Electrode materials for calcium batteries: Future directions and perspectives
Authors: Masese Titus , Kanyolo Godwill Mbiti 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the prevailing dominance of lithium‐ion batteries in consumer electronics and electric vehicle markets, the growing apprehension over lithium availability has ignited a quest for alternative high‐energy‐density electrochemical energy storage systems. Rechargeable batteries featuring calcium (Ca) metal as negative electrodes (anodes) present compelling prospects, promising notable advantages in energy density, cost‐effectiveness, and safety. However, unlocking the full potential of rechargeable Ca metal batteries particularly hinges upon the strategic identification or design of high‐energy‐density positive electrode (cathode) materials. This imperative task demands expeditious synthetic routes tailored for their meticulous design. In this Perspective, we mainly highlight the development in the cathode materials for calcium batteries and accentuate the unparalleled promise of solid‐state metathesis routes in designing a diverse array of high‐performance electrode materials.
10‐20‐30 exercise training improves fitness and health
Authors: Bangsbo Jens 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntense interval exercise training has been shown to improve performance and health of untrained and trained people. However, due to the exercise intensity causing high‐perceived exertion, the participants often do not wish to continue the training. The 10‐20‐30 training concept consists of low intensity for 30 s, 20 s at a moderate pace, and then 10 s with high intensity either running or cycling. A 10‐20‐30 training session consist of two to four 5‐min blocks. The 10‐20‐30 training improved fitness and performance as well as lowered blood pressure and body fat of both untrained and trained individuals even with a significant reduction in the training volume. Similarly, hypertensive, diabetic, and asthmatic patients lowered body fat, improved fitness, and performance during a 10‐20‐30‐training intervention period. In addition, hypertensive patients reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure markedly with the 10‐20‐30 training twice a week for 8 weeks. Diabetic patients lowered long‐term blood sugar (HbA1c), which did not occur with moderate‐intensity exercise training. Furthermore, asthmatic patients improved their control of asthma and asthma‐related quality of life with the 10‐20‐30 training. The adherence for the patient groups was high (>80%), and no adverse events were reported. Thus, the 10‐20‐30 training seems to be time efficient and feasible for untrained and trained individuals as well as patients and may be used in the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases.
Exploring off‐flavour compounds in soy‐based meats: Mechanisms and removal methods
Authors: Nagassa Merga , He Shudong , Liu Shuyun , Wang Junhui , Cao Xiaodong , Chen Shuguan , Song Jiazhen , Sun Hanju 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlant‐based meat is projected to address world‐wide meat shortage and supply–demand imbalances, potentially promoting the growth of sustainable diet choices. Soybean is a key ingredient to produce this alternative food, but the off‐flavours that naturally occur in soy can hinder its widespread acceptance among consumers. This review extensively elaborates on the primary compounds responsible for off‐flavours, their formation mechanisms, and removal techniques. Lipoxygenase oxidation–reduction, oleosins removal, adjustment extrusion conditions, and β‐cyclodextrin treatment were discussed. Fermentation mechanisms, solvent extraction, enzymes hydrolysis, flavouring, and controlling storage conditions were summarised. The most crucial, safe, and effective techniques were enzyme restriction, β‐cyclodextrin treatment in conjugation with phospholipase A2, and modification of the extrusion condition. The reviews provide a systematic summary of the development and prevention methods for the undesirable flavour of soy protein isolate and soy‐based meat products.
Characterizing normal perinatal development of the human brain structural connectivity
Authors: Wu Yihan , Vasung Lana , Calixto Camilo , Gholipour Ali , Karimi Davood 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEarly brain development is characterized by the formation of a highly organized structural connectome, which underlies brain's cognitive abilities and influences its response to diseases and environmental factors. Hence, quantitative assessment of structural connectivity in the perinatal stage is useful for studying normal and abnormal neurodevelopment. However, estimation of the connectome from diffusion MRI data involves complex computations. For the perinatal period, these computations are further challenged by the rapid brain development, inherently low signal quality, imaging difficulties, and high inter‐subject variability. These factors make it difficult to chart the normal development of the structural connectome. As a result, there is a lack of reliable normative baselines of structural connectivity metrics at this critical stage in brain development. In this study, we developed a computational method based on spatio‐temporal averaging in the image space for determining such baselines. We used this method to analyze the structural connectivity between 33 and 44 postmenstrual weeks using data from 166 subjects. Our results unveiled clear and strong trends in the development of structural connectivity in the perinatal stage. We observed increases in measures of network integration and segregation, and widespread strengthening of the connections within and across brain lobes and hemispheres. We also observed asymmetry patterns that were consistent between different connection weighting approaches. Connection weighting based on fractional anisotropy and neurite density produced the most consistent results. Our proposed method also showed considerable agreement with an alternative technique based on connectome averaging. The new computational method and results of this study can be useful for assessing normal and abnormal development of the structural connectome early in life.
Association between objective measures of oral health and salivary gland irradiation with patient‐reported outcomes following head and neck radiation therapy
Authors: Singh Annu , Long Sallie M. , Tin Amy L. , Vickers Andrew J. , Yom SaeHee K. , Lee Nancy Y. , Huryn Joseph M. , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Estilo Cherry L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether objective measures of oral health and salivary gland irradiation correlates with subjective measures of eating, drinking, and salivation in patients following head and neck radiation therapy (HNRT).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 112 patients following HNRT with a completed patient‐reported outcome (PRO) scale. Objective measures at post‐HNRT visit included decayed–missing–filled teeth (DMFT) scores, periodontal disease condition, oral hygiene status, dental prosthesis use, and prescribed radiation dose to salivary glands. Data were collected and statistical analysis was performed.ResultsThere was no significant association between PRO scales and dental prosthesis use, periodontal disease, and oral hygiene. Although some significant findings were seen with DMFT and prescribed radiation dose to salivary glands, this explained only very small amounts of the variation in eating, drinking, and salivation measures in these patients.ConclusionPRO measures should be integrated in the routine care of patients with head and neck cancer.
Women's decision‐making power can influence modern contraceptive use: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Bhowmik Jahar , Biswas Raaj Kishore , Williams Joanne , Dey Sima Rani 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesIt is generally believed that gender inequality and women's lack of decision‐making power may restrict women's use of modern contraception, leading to high rates of unwanted pregnancies, abortions, and deaths. Evidence shows that empowered women are more likely to use modern contraception methods, but few studies have investigated this across multiple domains of empowerment.Study designThis study examined the associations between women's empowerment and modern contraception use in Bangladesh. Data from a sample of 16,834 married women aged 15–49 years from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018 were analysed.MethodsComplex survey weight adjusted logistic models were fitted to evaluate the associations after adjusting for clusters, strata, and sampling weights.Resultsindicate that just over half of the married women (55.7%) had used modern contraception methods. Women's empowerment was associated with contraceptive use, especially decision‐making power. Women who had medium or high autonomy of household decision making were likely to have 20% (AOR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.04–1.39) and 27% (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.11–1.45) increased odds of using modern contraceptives compared to those who scored low in the decision‐making domain. The findings demonstrated strong evidence of direct influence of women's decision‐making power on modern contraception use. The results also found influence of several socio‐demographic factors including area of residence, husband's age, wealth index and mobile phone ownership on the use of modern contraceptives.DiscussionFuture interventions can focus on integrating women's empowerment into family planning programming, with a particular focus on enhancing women's autonomy in decision making.
High‐confidence calling of normal epithelial cells allows identification of a novel stem‐like cell state in the colorectal cancer microenvironment
Authors: Wei Tzu‐Ting , Blanc Eric , Peidli Stefan , Bischoff Philip , Trinks Alexandra , Horst David , Sers Christine , Blüthgen Nils , Beule Dieter , Morkel Markus , Obermayer Benedikt 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSingle‐cell analyses can be confounded by assigning unrelated groups of cells to common developmental trajectories. For instance, cancer cells and admixed normal epithelial cells could adopt similar cell states thus complicating analyses of their developmental potential. Here, we develop and benchmark CCISM (for Cancer Cell Identification using Somatic Mutations) to exploit genomic single nucleotide variants for the disambiguation of cancer cells from genomically normal non‐cancer cells in single‐cell data. We find that our method and others based on gene expression or allelic imbalances identify overlapping sets of colorectal cancer versus normal colon epithelial cells, depending on molecular characteristics of individual cancers. Further, we define consensus cell identities of normal and cancer epithelial cells with higher transcriptome cluster homogeneity than those derived using existing tools. Using the consensus identities, we identify significant shifts of cell state distributions in genomically normal epithelial cells developing in the cancer microenvironment, with immature states increased at the expense of terminal differentiation throughout the colon, and a novel stem‐like cell state arising in the left colon. Trajectory analyses show that the new cell state extends the pseudo‐time range of normal colon stem‐like cells in a cancer context. We identify cancer‐associated fibroblasts as sources of WNT and BMP ligands potentially contributing to increased plasticity of stem cells in the cancer microenvironment. Our analyses advocate careful interpretation of cell heterogeneity and plasticity in the cancer context and the consideration of genomic information in addition to gene expression data when possible.
Applications of Nanopore sequencing in precision cancer medicine
Authors: Dyshlovoy Sergey A. , Paigin Stefanie , Afflerbach Ann‐Kristin , Lobermeyer Annabelle , Werner Stefan , Schüller Ulrich , Bokemeyer Carsten , Schuh Anna H. , Bergmann Lina , von Amsberg Gunhild , Joosse Simon A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing, also referred to as Nanopore sequencing, stands at the forefront of a revolution in clinical genetics, offering the potential for rapid, long read, and real‐time DNA and RNA sequencing. This technology is currently making sequencing more accessible and affordable. In this comprehensive review, we explore its potential regarding precision cancer diagnostics and treatment. We encompass a critical analysis of clinical cases where Nanopore sequencing was successfully applied to identify point mutations, splice variants, gene fusions, epigenetic modifications, non‐coding RNAs, and other pivotal biomarkers that defined subsequent treatment strategies. Additionally, we address the challenges of clinical applications of Nanopore sequencing and discuss the current efforts to overcome them.