bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2-03-19: Discovery of the genes that underpin the transition to malignant phenotype of breast tumors in highly consanguineous region
Authors: Gupta Ishita , Ouhtit Allal , Shanmuganathan Somya , Al-Riyami Hamad 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease is a predominant women form of cancer worldwide affecting 22.9%. The rationale of this study is based on the following observations: 1) in Oman, a significantly increasing number of younger females (25-40 years) present to the clinic with advanced stage of BC; 2) in Oman, the rate of consanguinity is significantly high (52%); and 3) the transition from normal/begnin to malignant phenotype of breast tumor requires the involvement of a subset of specific genes. The long-term objective of this study is to identify and validate the subset of genes that are responsible for this malignant transformation using functional genomic studies, focus on this young age group of patients attending BC clinic (sporadic and familial). RNA samples were isolated from 40 Breast Tumors and 40 Normal tissues and analyzed by Microarray Gene Expression Profiling. Among a number of genes that were up and down regulated, BRIP1, HOXB3 and MAGED1 were identified as potential genes that might underpin the transition to the malignant phenotype; these genes were validated by RT-PCR using the same RNA samples that were examined by microarray. Pathway analysis was carried out to identify the major functional pathways connecting these genes. Ongoing sequencing of these genes using DNA extracted from the same samples will ultimately identify any genetic alteration that can affect the normal function of these genes. Functional validation assays aim to validate further the physiological relevance of these genes in tumor malignancy, and perhaps other novel genes specific to BC in the Omani population. Identification and validation of these genes will potentially pave the way towards the design of anti-cancer therapeutic strategies.
Citation Format: Ishita Gupta, Allal Ouhtit, Somya Shanmuganathan, Hamad Al-Riyami. Discovery of the genes that underpin the transition to malignant phenotype of breast tumors in highly consanguineous region [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-03-19.
Abstract P2-05-13: Transcriptomic profiling of patient sequential tumours provides cutting edge view of global metastatic expression changes following endocrine therapy
Authors: McBryan Jean , Fagan Ailis , McCartan Damian , Bolger Jarlath C , Bane Fiona T , Byrne Christopher , McIlroy Marie , Hill Arnold D , Young Leonie S 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Disease recurrence is a common problem in breast cancer and yet the mechanisms enabling tumour cells to evade therapy and colonise distant organs remain unclear. Here, for the first time, RNAsequencing has been performed on matched primary, nodal and liver metastatic tumours from three tamoxifen-treated patients following metastatic disease progression. Despite all primary tumours being of a luminal subtype and all cancers metastasising to the liver, the extent of patient heterogeneity at the gene level was striking. Less than 3% of the genes differentially expressed between sequential tumours were common to all patients. Larger divergence was observed between primary and liver tumours than between primary and nodal tumours, reflecting both the latency time to disease progression and the genetic impact of endocrine therapy. Furthermore, a xenograft model demonstrated the ability of tamoxifen to drive disease progression and establish distant metastatic disease in the endocrine resistant setting. Common functional pathways altered during metastatic, endocrine-resistant progression included ECM receptor interactions and focal adhesions. This novel global analysis highlights the influence of primary tumour biology in determining the transcriptomic profile of metastatic tumours, as well as the need for adaptations in cell-cell communications in order for tumour cells to successfully colonise distant host organs.
Citation Format: Jean McBryan, Ailis Fagan, Damian McCartan, Jarlath C Bolger, Fiona T Bane, Christopher Byrne, Marie McIlroy, Arnold D Hill, Leonie S Young. Transcriptomic profiling of patient sequential tumours provides cutting edge view of global metastatic expression changes following endocrine therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-05-13.
Abstract P2-08-03: The association between primary breast cancer and thyroid cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Joseph Kyle R , Edirimanne Senarath , Eslick Guy 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have suggested an aetiological link between breast cancer and thyroid cancer, however, there has never been a formal meta-analysis which collates the existing evidence supporting the hypothesis that breast cancer or thyroid cancer predispose an individual to developing the other.
Method: A systematic search was carried out using the electronic databases Pubmed and Medline. We searched for articles containing epidemiological evidence of breast cancer following thyroid cancer and vice versa. Additionally, we searched for articles that included epidemiological data involving the incidence of all second primary malignancies following both breast cancer and thyroid cancer, and compared the data sets.
Results: The meta-analysis performed in a total of 18 studies, showed that there is a significantly increased risk of developing thyroid cancer as a second primary malignancy of breast cancer (RR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.28-1.99; I2=79.99, p&lt;0.001). Additionally, there was marginally increased risk of developing breast cancer as a second primary malignancy of thyroid cancer (RR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.18-1.30; I2=24.67, p=0.18), compared to the general risk of developing a second primary malignancy following thyroid cancer.
Conclusion: The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that there is less likely to be a common aetiological factor of the two cancers, but rather a specific aspect of the pathophysiology of breast cancer which pre-disposes individuals to develop thyroid cancer. Elucidation of the common mechanisms between breast cancer and thyroid cancer will have important implications in both diagnostic and therapeutic management of these cancers. Benefit of thyroid ultrasound screening after breast cancer surgery needs to be assessed.
Citation Format: Kyle R Joseph, Senarath Edirimanne, Guy Eslick. The association between primary breast cancer and thyroid cancer: A meta-analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-03.
Abstract P2-13-11: Multimodality perioperative analgesia with paravertebral nerve block and gabapentin reduces narcotic use and hospital length of stay in mastectomy patients
Authors: Cheng Zandra H , Frenk Vlad , Bishop Jennifer D , Bowling Theresa , Pass Helen A 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Postoperative pain control is the major determinant in hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients undergoing mastectomy. Using a multimodality approach for peri-operative analgesia (PA) with paravertebral nerve block (PVB)(regional anesthesia) as well as including pre- and postoperative oral gabapentin, we significantly reduced both LOS and narcotic usage (NU) when compared to PVB alone or conventional postoperative management (CPM) with on demand postoperative pain medications. A single institution, retrospective chart review of patients undergoing mastectomy from 2009 to 2014 was performed (n = 129; 84 bilateral, 45 unilateral) with a subset analysis performed on patients undergoing tissue expander (TE) reconstruction (n=86) or bilateral mastectomies (n=84). Patients were grouped by PA type (CPM, PVB by catheter infusion, and PVB with gabapentin (PVB+G)). Data were analyzed via using Student t-test and significance was defined as p&lt;0.05. As seen in the table below, LOS and NU decreased with increasing multimodal PA approach. LOS was significantly decreased by PVB+G compared to CPM and PVB for all mastectomies, bilateral mastectomies, and mastectomies with tissue expander (TE) reconstruction. NU was significantly decreased by PVB+G compared to CPM and PVB for all mastectomies and bilateral mastectomies, and trended toward decreasing NU in TE reconstruction.
All (n = 129)(1) CPM (n=51)(2) PVB (n=35)(3) PVB+G (n=53)p 1 vs 3; p 2 vs 3LOS (days)2.3 (0.84)2.1 (0.71)1.61 (0.54)&lt;0.0001; &lt;0.0005NU (mg)73 (42.9)52 (32.3)39 (25.3)&lt;0.001; 0.04TE reconstruction (n=86)(1) CPM (n=25)(2) PVB (n=21)(3) PVB+G (n=40) LOS (days)2.2 (0.50)2.3 (0.63)1.61 (0.44)&lt;0.001;&lt;0.001NU (mg)86 (32.6)55 (34.4)43 (36.3)&lt;0.001; 0.10Bilateral (n=84)(1) CPM (n=20)(2) PVB (n=24)(3) PVB+G (n=40) LOS (days)2.4 (0.7)2.2 (0.72)1.65 (0.52)&lt;0.009;&lt;0.001NU (mg)84 (37.4)58 (32.4)38 (24.5)&lt;0.001;0.0066NU = narcotic use normalized to morphine sulfate
We have found employing a multimodality approach to PA with the addition of the GABA analogue, gabapentin, to regional anesthesia via PVB catheter infusion significantly improves the postoperative course of patients undergoing mastectomy procedures by decreasing LOS and NU.
Citation Format: Zandra H Cheng, Vlad Frenk, Jennifer D Bishop, Theresa Bowling, Helen A Pass. Multimodality perioperative analgesia with paravertebral nerve block and gabapentin reduces narcotic use and hospital length of stay in mastectomy patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-11.
Abstract P2-13-18: Oncologic outcome of 2,217 patients with breast cancer after negative sentinel lymph node biopsy without axillary lymph node dissection
Authors: Park Jong Tae , Lee Hak Min , Ahn Sung Gwe , Lee Seung Ah , Jeong Joon 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a standard method for nodal staging and enables to omit axillary lymph node dissection after negative sentinel lymph node (SLN). False-negative rate of SLNB has been reported as 5-7%. To dissolve the concerns regarding the axillary recurrence due to false-negative cases after negative SLNB, we investigated oncologic outcomes of a large number of breast cancer patients with negative SLN after SLNB.
Methods
A total of 2,475 patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer underwent SLNB at Severance hospitals between December 1998 and December 2013. 99-m Tc radiocolloid or blue dye was used in SLNB with periareolar intradermal injection technique. Intraoperative frozen examination of SLN was performed. If frozen test for SLN showed negative result, further axillary node dissection was omitted. Survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate survival analysis was performed using the Cox-regression hazard model.
Results
Among 2,475 patients, 2,217 patients had no metastatic focus on SLN. A mean of 2.4 sentinel lymph nodes was dissected in all of the patients. At a median follow-up of 36 months, only 13 patients (0.6%) had axillary recurrence, and a median time to the recurrence was 20 months (range 7-45 months). During the follow-up period, 22 local, 16 regional, and 44 distant recurrences were observed. In multivariate analysis for axillary recurrence, tumor size and refusal of systemic therapy were demonstrated to be independent risk factors for axillary recurrence (hazard ratio (HR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-2.89, P=0.024; HR 0.15, 95% CI, 0.03-0.75, P=0.021). Disease-free survival and axillary recurrence-free survival rates at 3 years were 96.5% (95% CI, 0.960-0.970) and 99.2% (95% CI, 0.990-0.994), respectively.
Conclusions
The axillary recurrence rate was very low in patients with negative SLN. Our findings supported that SLNB is a reliable procedure and its oncologic safety is not affected by the chance of axillary recurrence after negative SLNB.
Citation Format: Jong Tae Park, Hak Min Lee, Sung Gwe Ahn, Seung Ah Lee, Joon Jeong. Oncologic outcome of 2,217 patients with breast cancer after negative sentinel lymph node biopsy without axillary lymph node dissection [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-18.
Abstract P2-14-07: A systematic review of the clinical evidence regarding PIP breast implants
Authors: Wazir Umar , Kasem Abdul , Mokbel Kefah 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background: Mammary implants marketed by Poly Implant Prothèse (PIP) were found to contain industrial grade silicone and this caused heightened anxiety and extensive publicity regarding their safety in humans. These implants were used in a large number of patients worldwide for augmentation or breast reconstruction.
Methods: Articles were identified by searches of Medline, PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar databases up to March 2014 using the terms: "PIP", "Poly Implant Prothèse","breast implants" and "augmentation mammoplasty" or "silicone" In addition the websites of regulating bodies in Europe, USA and Australia were searched for reports related to PIP mammary implants.
Results: PIP mammary implants are more likely to rupture than other implants and can cause adverse effects in the short to the medium term related to the symptoms of rupture such as pain, lumps in the breast and axilla and anxiety. Based on peer-reviewed published studies we have calculated an overall rupture rate of 14.5% (383/2635) for PIP implants.
Conclusions: There is no evidence that PIP implant rupture causes long-term adverse health effects in humans so far. The long-term adverse effects usually arise from inappropriate extensive surgery, such as axillary lymph node dissection or extensive resection of breast tissue due to silicone leakage.
Citation Format: Umar Wazir, Abdul Kasem, Kefah Mokbel. A systematic review of the clinical evidence regarding PIP breast implants [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-14-07.
Abstract P2-16-01: Discovery of fully human monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic candidates for the treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer
Authors: Boozer Christy , Algate Paul , Bonavia Aurelio , Branum Mark , Chan-Hui Po-Ying , Fitch Alison , Greenfield Brad , Sutherland Claire , Swiderek Kristine 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Unlike HER2-positive breast cancer, there are limited treatment options for patients diagnosed with triple negative and endocrine resistant HER2-negative breast cancer, and as such HER2-negative breast cancer represents a significant unmet medical need. The goal of this work is to use Theraclone’s proprietary I-STAR platform to mine the memory B cell immune repertoire of breast cancer patients for the discovery of therapeutically relevant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and targets that may be exploited as candidates for treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer.
Matched serum and PBMC samples were collected from breast cancer patients at multiple clinical sites. The selected patient populations included, but were not limited to, patients who were treatment naïve, those who had received immunotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy, and patients who had an exceptional clinical response to treatment and/or disease. Serum antibody binding to a diverse panel of 5 well characterized breast cancer-derived cell lines of luminal and basal sub-types was determined. Utilizing this approach, patients with a robust serological profile across multiple breast cancer cell lines were identified and prioritized for memory B cell repertoire analysis via the I-STAR platform. Using a high throughput and miniaturized, multiplex flow cytometry assay, the secreted IgG antibodies from over 85,000 individually enriched and expanded B cell clones were screened for binding to the tumor cell line panel and a large number of positive B cell clones were identified. The screening hits can be binned into several unique binding profiles, many of which were confirmed to be shared across multiple patient samples. Deep sequence analysis of the variable regions of the antibodies produced by the B cell clones demonstrated that several of the screening hits were derived from clonally related B cells; the majority of the screening hits represented antibodies derived from unique B cell clones. A representative set of these antibodies was expressed recombinantly for further in vitro characterization.
Citation Format: Christy Boozer, Paul Algate, Aurelio Bonavia, Mark Branum, Po-Ying Chan-Hui, Alison Fitch, Brad Greenfield, Claire Sutherland, Kristine Swiderek. Discovery of fully human monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic candidates for the treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-16-01.
Abstract P2-16-02: Bi-specific antibodies targeting signaling pathway crosstalk are a new breast cancer immunotherapeutic strategy
Authors: Zhang Yanliang , Gros Edwige , Chagar Sarabjit , Cao Jian , Zhou Heyue , Motamed Kouros , Kaufmann Gunnar F , Fu Yanwen 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
All of the currently approved therapeutic anti-cancer antibodies are monospecific and therefore only capable of interfering with the biological function of a single molecular target. However, breast cancers mostly involve crosstalk of often synergistic signal transduction pathways, and thus, isolated blockade of a single signal transduction pathway is frequently met by escape mechanisms, such as upregulation of redundant pathways, rendering the monospecific immunotherapy less effective. Using chemical biology and molecular biology, Sorrento has developed new approaches to generate IgG-like bi-specific antibodies (BsAbs) targeting either two compensating signal transduction pathways, such as HER family members or a breast cancer specific antigen and an immuno-regulatory molecule such as PDL1 or PD1. The chemical biology method involves specific hetero-dimerization of two half antibody molecules using bio-orthogonal chemistry. The molecular biology approach utilizes phage display by either discovering common light chains for the two relevant antigens in combination with two distinct heavy chains or by selecting dual specific antibodies, namely a single antibody that can recognize two distinct antigens. Progress will be presented on bi-specific as well as dual specific antibodies against Her3 and Her4 as well as immunomodulatory BsAbs with data on in vitro characterization, cell-based functional assays, and in vivo models.
Citation Format: Yanliang Zhang, Edwige Gros, Sarabjit Chagar, Jian Cao, Heyue Zhou, Kouros Motamed, Gunnar F Kaufmann, Yanwen Fu. Bi-specific antibodies targeting signaling pathway crosstalk are a new breast cancer immunotherapeutic strategy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-16-02.
Abstract P2-18-06: Low dose capecitabine is effective and relatively nontoxic in breast cancer treatment
Authors: Carpenter John 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Capecitabine has been widely used in treatment of both early and advanced breast cancer in the United States since 1998. The dose limiting toxicity is diarrhea, which is dose limiting and can be severe. Lower doses are widely used without any apparent compromise in efficacy and are consistently less toxic (see Naughton, Clinical Breast Cancer 2010). Here a continuous dose regimen of capecitabine 1000 mg. daily was used in 24 patients with breast cancer, both early and advanced, from March 2012-September 2013. Four received the drug as adjuvant treatment, 8 as preoperative therapy, and 12 for advanced disease. Duration of treatment ranged from 0.5 to 15 months. Toxicity was modest: 1 had moderate nausea, none experienced vomiting, 2 mild anemia (one with marrow replacement by tumor), 2 mild palmar irritation, and 1 grade 1 thrombopenia. No diarrhea was seen. One patient died of hepatic necrosis and portal vein thrombosis; the relationship to treatment was uncertain. 12/20 with measurable disease experienced a response to treatment (1 complete and 11 partial responses by RECIST criteria), 1 had stable metastatic disease for 9 months, and 7 had progression of disease. The median duration of response was 5 months (range 2-15 months). Use of capecitabine in this dose and schedule for treatment of breast cancer appears comparably effective to higher conventional doses and dramatically less toxic.
Citation Format: John Carpenter. Low dose capecitabine is effective and relatively nontoxic in breast cancer treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-18-06.