bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Calcium Signaling in Astrocyte Processes
Authors: Jackson Joshua G. , Robinson Michael B. 
Published: November 2015

We recently showed that inhibition of neuronal activity, glutamate uptake, or reversed-Na+/Ca2+-exchange with TTX, TFB-TBOA, or YM-244769, respectively, increases mitochondrial mobility in astrocytic processes. In the present study, we examined the interrelationships between mitochondrial mobility and Ca2+signaling in astrocyte processes in organotypic cultures of rat hippocampus. All of the treatments that increase mitochondrial mobility decreased basal Ca2+. As recently reported, we observed spontaneous Ca2+spikes with half-lives of ∼1 s that spread ∼6 μm and are almost abolished by a TRPA1 channel antagonist. Virtually all of these Ca2+spikes overlap mitochondria (98%), and 62% of mitochondria are overlapped by these spikes. Although tetrodotoxin, TFB-TBOA, or YM-244769 increased Ca2+signaling, the specific effects on peak, decay time, and/or frequency were different. To more specifically manipulate mitochondrial mobility, we explored the effects of Miro motor adaptor proteins. We show that Miro1 and Miro2 are both expressed in astrocytes and that exogenous expression of Ca2+-insensitive Miro mutants (KK) nearly doubles the percentage of mobile mitochondria. Expression of Miro1KKhad a modest effect on the frequency of these Ca2+spikes but nearly doubled the decay half-life. The mitochondrial proton ionophore, FCCP, caused a large, prolonged increase in cytosolic Ca2+followed by an increase in the decay time and the spread of the spontaneous Ca2+spikes. Photo-ablation of mitochondria in individual astrocyte processes has similar effects on Ca2+. Together, these studies show that Ca2+regulates mitochondrial mobility, and mitochondria in turn regulate Ca2+signals in astrocyte processes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn neurons, the movement and positioning of mitochondria at sites of elevated activity are important for matching local energy and Ca2+buffering capacity. Previously, we demonstrated that mitochondria are immobilized in astrocytes in response to neuronal activity and glutamate uptake. Here, we demonstrate a mechanism by which mitochondria are immobilized in astrocytes subsequent to increases in intracellular [Ca2+] and provide evidence that mitochondria contribute to the compartmentalization of spontaneous Ca2+signals in astrocyte processes. Immobilization of mitochondria at sites of glutamate uptake in astrocyte processes provides a mechanism to coordinate increases in activity with increases in mitochondrial metabolism.
MEG Adaptation Resolves the Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Face-Sensitive Brain Responses
Authors: Simpson Michael I.G. , Johnson Sam R. , Prendergast Garreth , Kokkinakis Athanasios V. , Johnson Eileanoir , Green Gary G.R. , Johnston Patrick J. 
Published: November 2015

An unresolved goal in face perception is to identify brain areas involved in face processing and simultaneously understand the timing of their involvement. Currently, high spatial resolution imaging techniques identify the fusiform gyrus as subserving processing of invariant face features relating to identity. High temporal resolution imaging techniques localize an early latency evoked component—the N/M170—as having a major generator in the fusiform region; however, this evoked component is not believed to be associated with the processing of identity. To resolve this, we used novel magnetoencephalographic beamformer analyses to localize cortical regions in humans spatially with trial-by-trial activity that differentiated faces and objects and to interrogate their functional sensitivity by analyzing the effects of stimulus repetition. This demonstrated a temporal sequence of processing that provides category-level and then item-level invariance. The right fusiform gyrus showed adaptation to faces (not objects) at ∼150 ms after stimulus onset regardless of face identity; however, at the later latency of ∼200–300 ms, this area showed greater adaptation to repeated identity faces than to novel identities. This is consistent with an involvement of the fusiform region in both early and midlatency face-processing operations, with only the latter showing sensitivity to invariant face features relating to identity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuroimaging techniques with high spatial-resolution have identified brain structures that are reliably activated when viewing faces and techniques with high temporal resolution have identified the time-varying temporal signature of the brain's response to faces. However, until now, colocalizing face-specific mechanisms in both time and space has proven notoriously difficult. Here, we used novel magnetoencephalographic analysis techniques to spatially localize cortical regions with trial-by-trial temporal activity that differentiates between faces and objects and to interrogate their functional sensitivity by analyzing effects of stimulus repetition on the time-locked signal. These analyses confirm a role for the right fusiform region in early to midlatency responses consistent with face identity processing and convincingly deliver upon magnetoencephalography's promise to resolve brain signals in time and space simultaneously.
Balance Between the Worlds: A Conversation with Dr. Richard Vedan
Authors: Kenny Carolyn B 
Published: November 2015

In this article, Dr. Richard Vedan, a Secwepmec, lodge keeper, and medical social worker converses with Dr. Carolyn Kenny about critical elements of medical ethnomusicology as seen and experienced through an Indigenous context. Dilemmas of individualism versus collectivism and isolation versus connectivity underlie the entire conversation. Relevant themes in the traditional use of music in Indigenous healing are discussed.
Medical Ethnomusicology: Wherein Lies Its Potential?
Authors: Daly Berman Amanda Elaine 
Published: November 2015

The connection between music and healing has been both present and perceived for centuries, as evidenced in such famous comments as Congreve’s remark that “Music hath charms to soothe the savage beast, to soften rocks, or bend a knotted oak” (The Healing Music Organization 2011). While music therapy, medicine, and medical anthropology all examine the interplay of music and healing, medical ethnomusicology, an academic field that studies this symbiotic relationship from a cultural standpoint, has only recently been developed. Further, while music’s power to heal plays an increasing role in Western medicine/biomedicine, the term medical ethnomusicology seems to mostly be reserved for non-Western studies, with Michael Bakan’s (2009) work on autism being the most notable exception. In this paper, medical ethnomusicology’s relevance within the greater field of ethnomusicology is considered. Methodological approaches of the fields in question will be addressed, with the intent of showing how medical ethnomusicology can and should be applied to Western concepts and practices of music and healing.
Reflex Testing for Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin (CDT) in Insurance Applicants with Elevated High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL)
Authors: Singh Gurmukh 
Published: November 2015

Objectives
Ascertain the utility of testing carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) levels in insurance applicants with elevated high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels.

Background
Chronic alcoholism is not uncommon and is a risk factor for health and longevity and thus of interest to providers of insurance. A number of tests serve as markers of alcohol use, eg, blood alcohol level, elevated liver enzymes, ethyl glucuronide in urine, whole blood associated aldehyde (WBAA), macrocytosis, elevated HDL, elevated CDT and others. WBAA and CDT are usually only done, if some other screening test suggests alcohol use. HDL testing is routinely done for assessing cardiac risk, however, chronic alcohol intake tends to raise HDL and some insurance providers reflex to CDT testing when HDL is elevated.

Methods
A number of the clients of Heritage Labs Inc. have rules in place to test for CDT levels in specimens showing elevated HDL levels. The commonest HDL level that serves as the trigger for reflex testing for CDT is 80mg/dL. The results of this practice were analyzed to assess the utility of reflex testing for CDT to identify chronic alcohol abusers among the applicants.

Results
In examining the results of CDT levels done as a reflex test due to elevated HDL levels, about 2% of the applicants, 0.7% of women and 3% of men, tested positive for elevated CDT levels.

Conclusions
The incidence of elevated CDT levels is high enough to warrant routinely testing for this analyte in applicants, especially men, with high HDL levels.
Los trabajadores de empacadoras de yuca en comunidades de La Fortuna, San Carlos, y Sector Ángeles, San Ramón, Costa Rica. Una aproximación sociológica
Authors: Rodríguez Barrientos Francisco , Córdoba Artavia Óscar 
Published: November 2015

El presente artículo se deriva del proyecto de investigación Mejora en la eficiencia de la cadena productiva de la yuca en el distrito de La Fortuna, San Carlos, Costa Rica. El objetivo fundamental del proyecto consistía en mejorar la eficiencia y la productividad en las diversas etapas del proceso agro productivo de la yuca. La investigación se realizó en una franja territorial que abarcó un sector del distrito de La Fortuna, cantón de San Carlos, provincia de Alajuela, Costa Rica, un importante lugar de producción yuquera, y una porción del distrito de Peñas Blancas (cantón San Ramón, provincia de Alajuela). La franja territorial seleccionada se halla dentro de la Región Huetar Norte costarricense, cuyo sector ligado a la producción, procesamiento y comercialización de yuca constituyó la población meta de la investigación. El proyecto tuvo una duración de tres años (2006-2008). El presente artículo presenta un bosquejo comparativo entre trabajadores costarricenses y migrantes nicaragüenses que laboran en procesadoras de yuca de la franja territorial estudiada respecto a sus condiciones económicas, sociales y laborales. El artículo enfatiza algunas variables fundamentales como los niveles de ingreso y pobreza, los niveles de escolaridad y la tenencia de seguro social. La información ofrecida es una simple aproximación a una realidad compleja y cambiante, cuyos resultados se busca puedan servir de guía o de hipótesis de trabajo para ulteriores estudios que aborden esta problemática de forma más amplia y sistemática.
Thermal Operations In The McMurray; An Approach To Sand Control
Authors: O'Hara M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
For economic steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) (Butler, 1991) (producer/injector) horizontal well pairs have horizontal well lengths of 850 to over 1000 meters. Since the unconsolidated McMurray reservoir is made up of predominately quartz grains of variable sizes, these producing horizontal wells require liners that are capable of controlling the inflow of sand, minimizing pressure drops across the liner (clogging) and allowing unconstrained fluid production.
Devon Energy has developed a workflow to characterize the particle size and sorting of the reservoir into four statistical bins or sand types. Since numerous sand control technologies are now currently available to SAGD producer wells, Devon initiated a sand control and liner evaluation study to determine appropriate liner designs and aperture sizing specific to these known sand types. The study objective was to characterize the varying sands encountered in the Jackfish and Pike reservoirs, test these sands with industry sand control test procedures and recommend the optimal liner deployed sand screen technology.
This paper will provide a detailed overview of Devon's McMurray sand control test program and subsequent recommendation to deploy wire wrap screen for thermal producers with specific sand signatures. Devon will also introduce its own in-house designed sand control test apparatus.
Effect of Thermal Cycling on Cement Sheath Integrity: Realistic Experimental Tests and Simulation of Resulting Leakages
Authors: Vrålstad Torbjørn , Skorpa Ragnhild , Opedal Nils , De Andrade Jesus 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The cement sheath is one of the most important well barrier elements in the well, both during production and after abandonment. However, normal production operations which involve temperature variations in the well, such as steam injection, stimulations and shut-down periods, may damage the integrity of the cement sheath. Temperature increase and decrease, i.e. thermal cycling, cause the casing to expand and contract, which creates debonding and cracking of the cement sheath and thereby loss of zonal isolation.
This paper presents novel results from an experimental study of cement sheath integrity during thermal cycling. The temperature was cycled repeatedly from 5 °C to 125 °C in a controlled manner from inside the casing, and Portland cement with silica additive was tested with both sandstone and shale as surrounding rock. Debonding and cracking of cement were quantified and visualized by X-ray computed tomography (CT), and it was found that cracking and debonding occurred for the sandstone sample, whereas the shale sample remained almost unaffected. There were some initial defects in the cement sheath in the sandstone sample, and these small and scattered defects grew together during thermal cycling into a continuous leak path; i.e. resulting in a loss of zonal isolation.
The digitalized 3D geometry of this leak path was imported into Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, thereby enabling a unique visualization of fluid flow through an actual leak path in degraded cement and an estimation of leak rates for different pressure differences. It is seen that microannuli are not homogeneous or uniform, and that fluid flow through microannuli and cracks is complex and not easily predictable.
La preuve par l’image : Conan Doyle et la photographie
Authors: Stiegler Bernd 
Published: November 2015

La photographie ne joue pratiquement aucun rôle dans la série de romans et récits de Conan Doyle mettant en scène Sherlock Holmes. En effet le détective y est défini comme « la machine de réflexion et d’observation la plus perfectionnée que le monde ait vue » : le photographe, c’est lui. Or Conan Doyle a créé une œuvre bien plus vaste que celle qu’on lui associe spontanément, riche de plus de cent volumes où la photographie joue un rôle-clef dans un nombre d’entre eux : ainsi sert-elle à la dénonciation des crimes colonialistes du roi Leopold II au Congo, ou à l’accréditation de la présence de dinosaures dans un « monde perdu ». Cet article s’intéresse à deux autres ensembles de textes de l’écrivain, liés à la photographie : ceux qui traitent du spiritisme et ceux qui s’attachent à la photographie des fées. D’abord hostile au spiritisme et même son adversaire, Doyle, s’y convertit progressivement et rendit public sa foi, déclarant écrire sous la dictée d’un personnage né avant Abraham, Phénéas, devant lequel il était une simple tablette de cire sur laquelle il puisse écrire. La photographie qui était au bénéfice d’une croyance dans sa véracité était ainsi mobilisée au service d’une autre forme de croyance celle dans les esprits. Enfin, Doyle accrédita l’authencité de photographies de fées lesquelles ne sont pas des êtres de l’au-delà comme les spectres mais nos contemporaines. Cette faculté de la photographie à rendre visible des mondes jusqu’alors invisibles est connue : la photographie radiographique, astrale ou micrographique en sont des exemples probants. La photographie fonctionne comme un médium de transfert entre différents champs de visibilité. Elle est un rapporteur, un messager du monde invisible qui apporte généralement des messages bienveillants et bienvenus. Elle est, selon la belle formule de l’astronome Jules Janssen, la « rétine du savant » qui ouvre au regard humain un champ d’observation nettement élargi.
I Crisomelidi (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae) del Parco di Montevecchia e della Valle del Curone (Italia, Lombardia, provincia di Lecco) [Leaf beetles (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae) from Montevecchia and Curone Valley Natural Park (Italy, Lombardy, Lecco)]
Authors: Farina Laura 
Published: November 2015

<p>Vengono presentati i risultati di un’indagine faunistica condotta nel Parco Regionale di Montevecchia e della Valle del Curone, localizzato all’estremità meridionale del sistema Sudalpino, in provincia di Lecco. Viene fornito un elenco delle 92 specie di Crisomelidi censite (tre delle quali risultano nuove per la fauna lombarda: <em>Aphthona</em> <em>sicelidis</em>, <em>Dibolia</em> <em>femoralis</em>, <em>Crepidodera</em> <em>fulvicornis</em>) con indicazioni corologiche, fenologiche e la lista delle piante nutrici, ricavate in parte dalla letteratura e in parte da osservazioni sul campo. Vengono inoltre fornite alcune considerazioni sistematiche e biogeografiche relative alla specie <em>Aphthona</em> <em>sicelidis</em>. Le raccolte sono state effettuate prevalentemente in 9 stazioni situate all’interno del parco regionale e selezionate in base a criteri fitosociologico-vegetazionali. L’analisi zoogeografica mostra che il gruppo corologico maggiormente rappresentato è quello delle specie ad ampia distribuzione nella regione Olartica (57 specie = 62%), seguito dagli elementi ad ampia distribuzione in Europa (26 specie = 28%), e nel bacino mediterraneo (5 specie = 6%); i gruppi delle specie afrotropicali e orientali presenti anche nell’area mediterranea sono rappresentati da una sola specie (<em>Chaetocnema</em> <em>hortensis</em>), i gruppi di origine Neartica invece sono rappresentati da tre specie (<em>Diabrotica virgifera, Ophraella communa, Leptinotarsa decemlineata</em>).</p><p> </p><p>This paper is the result of a faunistic research on the Chrysomelidae fauna of Montevecchia and Curone Valley Natural Park. The Park is located south of the Alps, in Lombardy, in the province of Lecco. The author provides a list of 92 species collected. Three of these are new for the Lombardy fauna: <em>Aphthona sicelidis,</em> <em>Dibolia</em> <em>femoralis</em> and <em>Crepidodera fulvicornis</em>. The paper contains chorological and phenological notes for many species and taxonomical remarks on <em>Aphthona</em> <em>sicelidis</em>. Most specimens have been collected in 9 sampling-sites placed inside the Park and selected according to physiognomic-vegetational criteria. The zoogeographical analysis shows that the list of species is dominated by Olarctic species (57 species = 62%), followed by European elements (26 species = 28%) and Mediterranean species (5 species = 6%). Afrotropical and Oriental species also present in the Mediterranean area are represented by a single species (<em>Chaetocnema hortensis</em>), the groups of Nearctic origin instead are represented by three species (<em>Diabrotica virgifera, Ophraella communa, Leptinotarsa decemlineata</em>).</p>
Petrochirus sanctilazzari Pasini, Garassino & De Angeli, 2014 non Petrochirus fabroensis Pasini, Garassino & De Angeli, 2014 (Anomura, Diogenidae) from the Pliocene of Masserano (Piedmont, NW Italy)
Authors: Pasini Giovanni , Garassino Alessandro 
Published: November 2015

We rectify the name <em>Petrochirus fabroensis</em> Pasini, Garassino &amp; De Angeli, 2014, from the Pliocene of Masserano (Piedmont, NW Italy), erroneously reported for <em>P. sanctilazzari</em> Pasini, Garassino &amp; De Angeli, 2014, from the early Pleistocene of Fabro Scalo (Umbria, Central Italy).
Cachexia Index in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Jafri Syed Hasan Raza , Previgliano Carlos , Khandelwal Keerti , Shi Runhua 
Published: November 2015

Introduction Cancer cachexia affects many advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Cachexia index (CXI) was developed to assess the degree of cachexia in these patients. Methods Patients with metastatic NSCLC diagnosed between January 1, 2000, and June 30, 2011, at our institution were retrospectively studied. Abdominal computed tomography scans done within 1 month of diagnosis were reviewed to estimate skeletal muscle area (SMA) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the L3 level. CXI was developed as follows: [Formula: see text] where SMI is the skeletal muscle index, Alb is the serum albumin, and NLR is the NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Survival among various factors was calculated using the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to perform survival analysis in order to estimate the effects of various factors. Results Patients were divided into two groups around the median into stage I cachexia (CXI ≥35, n = 56) and stage II cachexia (CXI <35, n = 56). Groups did not differ in age, gender, ethnicity, or histology of cancer. Patients with stage II cachexia had significantly worse PFS (2.45 vs 5.43 months, P < 0.0001) and OS (3.45 vs 8.8 months, P = 0.0001) than those with stage I cachexia. On multivariate analysis adjusting for gender, race, and histology, patients with stage II cachexia were found to have worse PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27–2.95) and OS (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.0009–2.34). Conclusion The CXI is a novel index for estimating cachexia that also correlates with prognosis in both men and women with advanced NSCLC.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Vocational Fit Assessment (VFA)
Authors: Persch Andrew C. , Gugiu P. Cristian , Onate James A. , Cleary Dennis S. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Vocational Fit Assessment (VFA) by examining its factor structure and subscale reliability.METHOD. This prospective cross-sectional study used two surveys (one for worker abilities and one for job demands) to collect the data needed for the psychometric evaluation of the VFA. Latent parallel analysis and ordinal exploratory factor analysis were used to iteratively refine VFA subscales.RESULTS. Ten unidimensional subscales emerged from factor analysis of VFA items: (1) Cognitive Abilities, (2) Communication Skills, (3) Computer Skills, (4) Higher Task-Related Abilities, (5) Interpersonal Skills, (6) Lower Task-Related Abilities, (7) Physical Abilities, (8) Safety, (9) Self-Determination, and (10) Work Structure. Subscale internal consistency (ordinal α) was ≥.86 for VFA for worker abilities and ≥.77 for VFA for job demands.CONCLUSION. The unidimensional structure of VFA subscales and estimates of internal consistency lend initial evidence in support of their reliability and validity.
Systematic Review of Yoga Interventions for Anxiety Reduction Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Weaver Lindy L. , Darragh Amy R. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychological disorders among children and youths. There is growing interest in intervention options for anxiety. Yoga is widely used in clinical, school, and community settings, but consolidated sources outlining its effectiveness in reducing anxiety are limited.
METHOD. This systematic review examined the evidence base (1990–2014) for yoga interventions addressing anxiety among children and adolescents (ages 3–18 yr).
RESULTS. We identified 2,147 references and found 80 articles that were eligible for full-text review. The final analysis included 16: 6 randomized controlled trials, 2 nonrandomized preintervention–postintervention control-group designs, 7 uncontrolled preintervention–postintervention studies, and 1 case study.
CONCLUSION. Nearly all studies indicated reduced anxiety after a yoga intervention. However, because of the wide variety of study populations, limitations in some study designs, and variable outcome measures, further research is needed to enhance the ability to generalize and apply yoga to reduce anxiety.