bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multicenter, prospective, phase II trial of second‐line aflibercept plus FOLFIRI in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to an anti‐EGFR antibody: HGCSG1801
Authors: Nakatsumi Hiroshi , Komatsu Yoshito , Harada Kazuaki , Kawamoto Yasuyuki , Yuki Satoshi , Sawada Kentaro , Ishiguro Atsushi , Sogabe Susumu , Ando Takayuki , Sasaki Yusuke , Yoshikawa Ayumu , Nakamura Michio , Dazai Masayoshi , Tateyama Miki , Muto Osamu , Kotaka Masahito , Sagawa Tamotsu , Muranaka Tetsuhito , Hatanaka Kazuteru , Takagi Ryo , Sakata Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAflibercept (AFL) plus FOLFIRI prolongs overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, there is limited evidence on the efficacy and safety of AFL plus FOLFIRI previously treated with anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents. Therefore, we conducted a prospective open‐label phase II trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of AFL plus FOLFIRI in Japanese patients with mCRC failing a prior oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy plus an anti‐EGFR agent. AFL (4 mg/kg iv) followed by FOLFIRI (irinotecan 180 mg/m2, leucovorin 200 mg/m2 iv, bolus 5‐fluorouracil [5‐FU] 400 mg/m2, and infusional 5‐FU 2400 mg/m2/46 h) was given every 2 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicities. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months. Forty three patients were enrolled between November 2019 and October 2022. The primary endpoint was met: 6‐month PFS rate was 58.8% (90% confidence interval [CI], 45.7%–72.0%). Median PFS and OS were 7.3 months (95% CI, 5.5–11.0 months) and 18.8 months (95% CI, 12.9–26.6 months), respectively. The overall response rate was 20.9% (95% CI, 10.0–36.0%) and disease control rate was 88.4% (95% CI, 74.9–96.1%). The main grade ≥3 adverse events included hypertension (62.8%), neutropenia (55.8%), leukopenia (25.6%), febrile neutropenia (11.6%), fatigue (9.3%), anorexia (9.3%), proteinuria (9.3%), and diarrhea (7.0%). No deaths and no new safety signals with a causal relation to the study treatment were observed. This study suggests that AFL plus FOLFIRI shows a high response rate and a manageable safety profile in Japanese patients with mCRC who failed prior oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy plus an anti‐EGFR agent.
Esculin alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced pneumonia by regulating the USP7/MAPK14 axis
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Li Na , Wang Yanan , Chen Xu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPneumonia is a serious and life‐threatening lung inflammation with high morbidity and mortality. Accumulating evidence has suggested that esculin, a derivative of coumarin, possesses potent anti‐inflammatory effects. This study is designed to explore the pharma role and underlying mechanism of esculin against lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced pneumonia. TC‐1 cells were stimulated by LPS to mimic the inflammatory injury model in vitro. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were determined using MTT assay, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay, and flow cytometry. Interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor α levels were analyzed using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Reactive oxygen species and superoxide dismutase were examined using special assay kits. Macrophage polarization was detected using flow cytometry. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) level was detected by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. MAPK14 and ubiquitin‐specific protease 7 (USP7) protein levels were determined using western blot assay. After Ubibrowser database prediction, the interaction between USP7 and MAPK14 was verified using a Co‐immunoprecipitation assay. The biological role of esculin was verified in LPS‐challenged ALI mice in vivo. Here, we found that esculin significantly relieved LPS‐induced TC‐1 cell proliferation inhibition, and apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and M1‐type macrophage polarization promotion. MAPK14 and USP7 expressions were enhanced in LPS‐treated TC‐1 cells, which was partly abolished by esculin treatment. Overexpressing MAPK14 attenuated the repression of esculin on LPS‐triggered TC‐1 cell injury. At the molecular level, USP7 interacted with MAPK14 and maintained its stability by removing ubiquitin. Moreover, esculin repressed the progression of pneumonia in vivo by regulating MAPK14. Taken together, esculin exposure could mitigate LPS‐induced TC‐1 cell injury partly by targeting the USP7/MAPK14 axis, providing a better understanding of the role of esculin in the anti‐inflammatory therapeutics for pneumonia.
Clustering one million molecular structures on GPU within seconds
Authors: Gao Junyong , Wu Mincong , Liao Jun , Meng Fanjun , Chen Changjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStructure clustering is a general but time‐consuming work in the study of life science. Up to now, most published tools do not support the clustering analysis on graphics processing unit (GPU) with root mean square deviation metric. In this work, we specially write codes to do the work. It supports multiple threads on multiple GPUs. To show the performance, we apply the program to a 33‐residue fragment in protein Pin1 WW domain mutant. The dataset contains 1,400,000 snapshots, which are extracted from an enhanced sampling simulation and distribute widely in the conformational space. Various testing results present that our program is quite efficient. Particularly, with two NVIDIA RTX4090 GPUs and single precision data type, the clustering calculation on 1 million snapshots is completed in a few seconds (including the uploading time of data from memory to GPU and neglecting the reading time from hard disk). This is hundreds of times faster than central processing unit. Our program could be a powerful tool for fast extraction of representative states of a molecule among its thousands to millions of candidate structures.
Modeling adsorption reactions of ammonium perchlorate on rutile and anatase surfaces
Authors: Zamora Jerimiah A. , de Rezende Armando , Nieman Reed , Vaz Neil , Demko Andrew R. , Pantoya Michelle L. , Tunega Daniel , Aquino Adelia J. A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, the effects of two TiO2 polymorphs on the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) were studied experimentally and theoretically. The interactions between AP and various surfaces of TiO2 were modeled using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Specifically, the adsorption of AP on three rutile surfaces (1 1 0), (1 0 0), and (0 0 1), as well as two anatase surfaces (1 0 1), and (0 0 1) were modeled using cluster models, along with the decomposition of adsorbed AP into small molecules. The optimized complexes of the AP molecule on TiO2 surfaces were very stable, indicating strong covalent and hydrogen bonding interactions, leading to highly energetic adsorption reactions. The calculated energy of adsorption (ΔEads) ranged from −120.23 to −301.98 kJ/mol, with highly exergonic calculated Gibbs free energy (ΔGads) of reaction, and highly exothermic enthalpy of reaction (ΔHads). The decomposition of adsorbed AP was also found to have very negative ΔEdec values between −199.08 and −380.73 kJ/mol. The values of ΔGdec and ΔHdec reveal exergonic and exothermic reactions. The adsorption of AP on TiO2 surfaces anticipates the heat release of decomposition, in agreement with experimental results. The most common anatase surface, (1 0 1), was predicted to be more reactive for AP decomposition than the most stable rutile surface, (1 1 0), which was confirmed by experiments. DFT calculations show the mechanism for activation of the two TiO2 polymorphs is entropy driven.
Building endoplasmic reticulum stress‐related LncRNAs signatures of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Kai , Dai Peiling , Gu Lizhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundEndoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) could be a strategy for treating malignant tumors. Moreover, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can promote tumorigenesis and progression, and forecast the prognosis of cancers. Nevertheless, the prognostic value of ERS‐related lncRNAs has not been reported in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).MethodsThe messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and lncRNA expression data related to LUAD were obtained in public databases (TCGA and GEO databases). Prognostic ERS‐related differentially expressed lncRNAs (ERS‐DELs) were obtained and used to build an ERS‐related model by Cox regression analysis. Moreover, we further screened independent prognostic elements and built a nomogram. Furthermore, enrichment analysis of genes was conducted to investigate the functions. A lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network was built to explore mechanism of lncRNAs. Finally, qRT‐PCR was utilized to examine the expression levels of lncRNAs.Results30 ERS‐DELs were identified, and an ERS‐related signature was built based on AF131215.2, LINC00472, LINC01352, RP1‐78O14.1, RP11‐253E3.3, RP11‐98D18.9, and SNHG12. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that genes in the high‐risk group were chiefly focused on the regulation of mRNA binding, and genes in the low‐risk group were significantly focused on protein localization to cilia. A lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network, containing 7 signature lncRNAs, 23 miRNAs, and 128 mRNAs, was also established. Eventually, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm that seven prognostic lncRNAs had a consistent expression with the analysis.ConclusionsAn ERS‐related signature containing seven prognostic lncRNAs was built, which offered new thinking concerning the role of ERS‐related lncRNAs in LUAD.
Cutaneous presentations of systemic sclerosis in skin of colour: A systematic review
Authors: Podwojniak Alicia , Tan Isabella J. , Leiter Aliza , Ghani Hira , Cohen Bernard A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc), a rheumatologic autoimmune disease, can present diversely, especially in patients with skin of colour (SOC). Differences in clinical manifestations among SOC individuals compared to predominantly White populations require a comprehensive examination to optimize diagnosis and treatment. This systematic review aims to explore the differences in SSc manifestations among individuals with SOC, identifying variations in disease severity, clinical features and psychosocial impacts. A systematic review of the literature was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Databases searched included PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane and Web of Science, focusing on studies published within the last 10 years. Nine studies were selected and qualitatively analysed due to the heterogeneity of study types. Key findings highlight significant variations in disease severity and cutaneous clinical features among SOC cohorts compared to predominantly White populations. Raynaud's phenomenon was prevalent across all ethnicities; however, SOC groups exhibited fewer hallmark features of scleroderma, such as telangiectasias, calcinosis and digital swelling, which complicates diagnosis. SOC individuals showed a higher propensity for severe pulmonary complications and increased mortality rates. Atypical cutaneous presentations in SOC were associated with disease progression. Psychosocial impacts were more pronounced in SOC individuals, with greater awareness and dissatisfaction over cutaneous symptoms. Recognizing the atypical presentations of SSc in SOC is critical for early diagnosis and optimizing patient outcomes. The study underscores the need for further research to determine if observed differences are due to variations in prevalence, genetic factors or insufficient training in recognizing cutaneous manifestations in SOC. Enhanced awareness and targeted training for healthcare providers are essential to address these diagnostic challenges and improve care for SOC patients with SSc.
Contract preference of an online intermediary in the presence of online reviews and cross‐channel spillover
Authors: Tong Yang , Li Yina , Ye Fei , Kumar Ajay , Tan Kim Hua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn e‐commerce, online intermediaries give suppliers ready access to consumers and have thereby become an important distribution channel. They can operate as resellers (under a reselling contract) or marketplaces (under an agency contract) for suppliers. This study analyzes the most effective contract arrangement between an online intermediary and two competing suppliers. The suppliers receive online reviews of their products and also be affected by the spillover effect of the intermediary's channel on their own direct sales channels. The intermediary can offer a reselling contract to one supplier and an agency contract to the other or offer the same contract type to both suppliers. We find that when the cross‐channel spillover is positive or only moderately negative, the intermediary offers different contract types if the difference in the review ratings of the two suppliers' products is considerable; otherwise, a reselling contract is offered to both. However, when the cross‐channel spillover is highly negative, the intermediary may offer an agency contract to both suppliers. Our research provides practical guidance for intermediaries on the most effective contract strategies to use when collaborating with suppliers who receive varied online reviews, depending on the cross‐channel spillover scenarios.
A nonlocal convection–diffusion model with Gaussian‐type kernels and meshfree discretization
Authors: Tian Hao , Liu Xiaojuan , Liu Chenguang , Ju Lili 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNonlocal models have demonstrated their indispensability in numerical simulations across a spectrum of critical domains, ranging from analyzing crack and fracture behavior in structural engineering to modeling anomalous diffusion phenomena in materials science and simulating convection processes in heterogeneous environments. In this study, we present a novel framework for constructing nonlocal convection–diffusion models using Gaussian‐type kernels. Our framework uniquely formulates the diffusion term by correlating the constant diffusion coefficient with the variance of the Gaussian kernel. Simultaneously, the convection term is defined by integrating the variable velocity field into the kernel as the expectation of a multivariate Gaussian distribution, facilitating a comprehensive representation of convective transport phenomena. We rigorously establish the well‐posedness of the proposed nonlocal model and derive a maximum principle to ensure its stability and reliability in numerical simulations. Furthermore, we develop a meshfree discretization scheme tailored for numerically simulating our model, designed to uphold both the discrete maximum principle and asymptotic compatibility. Through extensive numerical experiments, we validate the efficacy and versatility of our framework, demonstrating its superior performance compared to existing approaches.
Asymptotically compatible schemes for nonlocal Ohta–Kawasaki model
Authors: Luo Wangbo , Zhao Yanxiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the asymptotical compatibility of the Fourier spectral method in multidimensional space for the nonlocal Ohta–Kawasaka model, a more generalized version of the model proposed in our previous work (Y. Zhao and W. Luo, Physica D 458 (2024), 133989). By introducing the Fourier collocation discretization for the spatial variable, we show that the asymptotical compatibility holds in 2D and 3D over a periodic domain. For the temporal discretization, we adopt the second‐order backward differentiation formula method. We prove that for certain nonlocal kernels, the proposed time discretization schemes inherit the energy dissipation law. In the numerical experiments, we verify the asymptotical compatibility, the second‐order temporal convergence rate, and the energy stability of the proposed schemes. More importantly, we discover a novel square lattice pattern when certain nonlocal kernel are applied in the model. In addition, our numerical experiments confirm the existence of an upper bound for the optimal number of bubbles in 2D for some specific nonlocal kernels. Finally, we numerically explore the promotion/demotion effect induced by the nonlocal horizon , which is consistent with the theoretical studies presented in our earlier work (Y. Zhao and W. Luo, Physica D 458 (2024), 133989).
Estimation of minimal clinically important difference for 6‐minute walking distance in patients with acute stroke using anchor‐based methods and credibility instruments
Authors: Hayashi Shota , Takeda Ren , Miyata Kazuhiro , Iizuka Takamitsu , Igarashi Tatsuya , Usuda Shigeru 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeStroke impairs a patient's ability to walk. In patients with acute stroke, a 6‐min walking distance (6MWD) is recommended to assess walking function. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) is used to determine the effectiveness of rehabilitation; however, the MCID for 6MWD has not been adequately validated. This study aimed to estimate the MCID of 6MWD, a measure of walking endurance, in patients with acute stroke using anchor‐based methods.MethodsBased on the change in 6MWD from baseline to the follow‐up measurement 2 weeks later, the MCID was estimated using anchor‐based methods (receiver operator operating characteristic curves, predictive and adjustment models) with a patient‐ and therapist‐rated global rating of change scale (p‐GRC, t‐GRC) as external anchors. The accuracy of “meaningful change” was estimated from the area under the curve. Using MCID's credibility instruments, the credibility of each anchor was evaluated. Using the credibility instrument, high credibility was defined as satisfying 3/5 of the Core criteria and 6/9 of all criteria.ResultsThe analysis included 58 patients. The MCID for each anchor was 78.7–100.0 m for p‐GRC, and 95.2–99.5 m for t‐GRC. The p‐GRC demonstrated excellent accuracy (area under the curve >0.8). With p‐GRC as anchors, over 50% of patients showed improvement. The p‐GRC satisfied the core criterion of 3/5 and all criteria of 6/9 on the reliability instrument. The t‐GRC demonstrated low reliability and satisfied the core criterion of 2/5 and all criteria of 3/9.DiscussionSince the percentage of improved groups exceeded 50%, the adjusted model was useful in the anchor‐based method. Therapists may not accurately capture patient fatigue and subjective symptoms, potentially affecting the correlation between the 6MWD change score and the t‐GRC and, consequently, the reliability instrument. The p‐GRC showed high accuracy and reliability; therefore, the MCID was estimated to be 78.7 m.
Optical Response of a Position‐Dependent Optomechanical System With N‐Type Four‐Level Atoms
Authors: Qayyum A. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTCavity optomechanics explores the interaction between light and mechanical systems through radiation pressure. This interdisciplinary field merges principles from quantum mechanics and quantum optics provides powerful tools for generating and controlling quantum states. In this research, we theoretically investigated a four‐level N‐atomic system within the context of optomechanics. The oscillating mirror possesses a mass that varies with position and exhibits a singularity. We analyzed the dynamics using Heisenberg–Langevin equations and calculated steady‐state solutions, studied optical response through both analytical and numerical methods. The main focus of this study was optical response within the domain of position‐dependent effective mass. Our findings revealed that the output field representing transmission exhibits variations and shift with , the nonlinear parameter of the position dependent effective mass. These variations not only impact transmission but also alter the dispersion and phase of the output field.
Empyema necessitans
Authors: Menon Anu , Wisa David , Zhan Chenyang , Chawla Mohit , Kalchiem‐Dekel Or 
Published: August 2024

Key messageEmpyema necessitans should be suspected in any patient presenting with constitutional symptoms, pleural effusion, and a subcutaneous chest wall mass. Thoracic sonography is a readily available tool, which can expedite diagnosis and timely management.
Accurate trajectory tracking control for AUV under state constraints with a rapid stability dimensionality‐augmented state observer
Authors: Wang Jianhui , Wang Haoyuan , Hu Zikai , Liu Jiarui , Chen Kairui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA rapid stability dimensionality‐augmented state observer (RSDASO) based event‐driven control strategy is presented for the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) trajectory tracking issue, addressing state constraints, model uncertainty, limited communication resources and unknown external time‐varying disturbances. The first step is to develop a fast stability extended state observer to estimate the lumped disturbances and unmeasurable states of the system and ensure the estimation error converges in fixed time. Secondly, a fixed‐time AUV trajectory tracking control method is proposed to ensure that the tracking error of the system converges within a fixed time, based on the mentioned observer. Simultaneously, to reduce the communication resource usage by the system, an event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) is included in the control law. Lastly, simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the process.
Assessing sustainable development goal 7 implementation and its nexus with social, economic and ecological factors in EU countries
Authors: Kuc‐Czarnecka Marta , Markowicz Iwona , Sompolska‐Rzechuła Agnieszka , Stundziene Alina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research paper delves into the captivating realm of sustainable development, specifically focusing on assessing the degree of implementation of sustainable development goal 7 (SDG7) and its intricate relationship with social, economic and ecological factors within European Union (EU) countries. By comprehensively unravelling the interplay between SDG7 and these multifaceted factors, this study provides invaluable insights into the ongoing sustainable energy revolution within the EU. To verify the research hypotheses, composite indicators (CI) were estimated for SDG7 and selected groups of indicators, employing a methodology grounded in sensitivity analysis. Our findings notably highlight the distinct significance of ecological factors in driving the development of clean energy systems. In contrast, the data did not support our hypothesis, which posited a significant relationship between economic factors and the implementation of SDG7. This evolving perspective underscores the growing recognition of the fundamental role that ecological factors play in shaping our sustainable energy future. Consequently, as we prioritise preserving and conserving our environment, the need to balance economic prosperity with environmental well‐being becomes increasingly evident.
Harmony in diplomacy, convergence in choices: Low fertility diffusion through Sino‐Korean normalization
Authors: Chung Seung‐Hun , Mobariz Ahmad Shah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDoes fertility preference spill over to other countries? This paper investigates the influence of South Korea's exceptionally low fertility rate on neighboring China, particularly the Korean Chinese community. Through an analysis of historical events, including the diplomatic restoration between China and South Korea in 1992, it examines how this reconciliation affected fertility and marriage rates among Korean Chinese. The findings reveal a notable decline in both fertility and marriage rates post‐reconnection, suggesting a potential adoption of South Korea's fertility norms within the Korean Chinese community.