bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postcancer Experiences of Childhood Cancer Survivors: How Is Posttraumatic Stress Related to Posttraumatic Growth?
Authors: Yi Jaehee , Kim Min Ah 
Published: August 2014

AbstractUnderstanding posttraumatic growth (PTG) and the factors associated with PTG among cancer survivors is important to improve their quality of life. This study examined PTG among 225 Korean adolescents and young adults between 15 years and 39 years of age who survived childhood cancer (58.5% males and 41.5% females). We explored the relationships between PTG and several sociodemographic and medical variables, and whether the relationships between PTG and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were linear or curvilinear. The Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were used to assess PTSD symptoms and PTG, respectively. In addition to the effects of sociodemographic and medical variables, there were linear effects of PDS on PTGI (R2 change = .03, p = .008). No evidence of a curvilinear relationship between PDS and PTGI was found. Higher PDS scores were associated with lower PTGI scores (β = −.18). Older age (β = .41) and shorter time since diagnosis (β = −.42) were associated with greater PTGI. Understanding the factors that were associated with PTG among Korean adolescent and young adult survivors of cancer adds to the knowledge on PTG and may help develop services to promote PTG in this group.
A Test of Whether Coping Styles Moderate the Effect of PTSD Symptoms on Alcohol Outcomes
Authors: Grosso Justine A. , Kimbrel Nathan A. , Dolan Sara , Meyer Eric C. , Kruse Marc I. , Gulliver Suzy B. , Morissette Sandra B. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCoping style may partially account for the frequent co‐occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol‐use disorder (AUD). We hypothesized that avoidant and action‐oriented coping styles would moderate the association between PTSD symptom severity and alcohol outcomes among U.S. Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans, such that PTSD symptoms would be most strongly and positively associated with negative alcohol‐related consequences and drinking quantity when action‐oriented coping was low and avoidant coping was high. The sample (N = 128; 85.2% male, M = 37.8 years old, 63.3% Caucasian) completed a diagnostic assessment for PTSD and AUD and self‐report surveys measuring coping styles, drinking quantity, and negative alcohol‐related consequences. Consistent with the main hypothesis, a 3‐way interaction among PTSD symptom severity, avoidant coping, and action‐oriented coping was found in the predicted direction (d = 0.47–0.55). Post hoc descriptive analyses indicated that veterans with a current diagnosis of PTSD, low action‐oriented coping, and high avoidant coping had worse alcohol outcomes and were twice as likely to meet criteria for current AUD compared with veterans with fewer risk factors. Findings suggest that the combination of PTSD and maladaptive coping styles may be more important for understanding alcohol‐related outcomes than the presence of any of these variables in isolation.
Developmental Trauma and Its Correlates: A Study of Chinese Children With Repeated Familial Physical and Sexual Abuse in Hong Kong
Authors: Ma Ellen Y. M. , Li Frendi W. S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe present study examined the relevance of the developmental trauma disorder (DTD) framework (van der Kolk, ) in Hong Kong Chinese children with repeated familial physical and/or sexual abuse. Self‐reports of (a) key dimensions of DTD including emotion regulation, attribution and perceptions in self and relationships, belief in future victimization, behavioral difficulties, and self‐esteem; and (b) attachment styles and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reactions were obtained from children aged 9–15 years in clinical and school settings. Children were categorized into an abused trauma group (n = 82), a nonabused trauma group (n = 83), and a no‐trauma control group (n = 201). The findings indicated that the DTD framework was applicable to abused children who showed a lower level of attachment security (Cohen's d from 0.50–0.61) and a higher level of PTSD reactions (Cohen's d = 0.71) than the comparison groups. After adding attachment security and emotion dysregulation to the model, there were no longer significant group differences in most of the variables.
Electron Transfer Reactions of Photochemically Generated Ruthenium(III)–Polypyridyl Complexes with Methionines
Authors: THIRUPPATHI DHARMARAJ , KARUPPASAMY PERIYAKARUPPAN , GANESAN MUNIYANDI , SIVASUBRAMANIAN VELUCHAMY KAMARAJ , RAJENDRAN THANGAMUTHU , RAJAGOPAL SEENIVASAN 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe oxidation of methionine (Met) plays an important role during biological conditions of oxidative stress as well as for protein stability. Ruthenium(III)–polypyridyl complexes, [Ru(NN)3]3+, generated from the photochemical oxidation of the corresponding Ru(II) complexes with molecular oxygen, undergo a facile electron transfer reaction with Met to form methionine sulfoxide (MetO) as the final product. Interaction of [Ru(NN)3]3+with methionine leads to the formation of >S+●and (>S∴S<)+species as intermediates during the course of the reaction. The interesting spectral, kinetic, and mechanistic study of the electron transfer reaction of four substituted methionines with six [Ru(NN)3]3+ions carried out in aqueous CH3CN (1:1, v/v) by a spectrophotometric technique shows that the reaction rate is susceptible to the nature of the ligand in [Ru(NN)3]3+and the structure of methionine. The rate constants calculated by the application of Marcus semiclassical theory to these redox reactions are in close agreement with the experimental values.
Complex Macrophase‐Separated Nanostructure Induced by Microphase Separation in Binary Blends of Lamellar Diblock Copolymer Thin Films
Authors: Zhang Jianqi , Posselt Dorthe , Smilgies Detlef‐M. , Perlich Jan , Kyriakos Konstantinos , Jaksch Sebastian , Papadakis Christine M. 
Published: August 2014

The nanostructures of thin films spin‐coated from binary blends of compositionally symmetric polystyrene‐b‐polybutadiene (PS‐b‐PB) diblock copolymer having different molar masses are investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and grazing‐incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS) after spin‐coating and after subsequent solvent vapor annealing (SVA). In thin films of the pure diblock copolymers having high or low molar mass, the lamellae are perpendicular or parallel to the substrate, respectively. The as‐prepared binary blend thin films feature mainly perpendicular lamellae in a one‐phase state, indicating that the higher molar mass diblock copolymer dominates the lamellar orientation. The lamellar thickness decreases linearly with increasing volume fraction of the low molar mass diblock copolymer. After SVA, well‐defined macrophase‐separated nanostructures appear, which feature parallel lamellae near the film surface and perpendicular ones in the bulk.image
Cholinium Lactate Methacrylate: Ionic Liquid Monomer for Cellulose Composites and Biocompatible Ion Gels
Authors: Isik Mehmet , Gracia Raquel , Kollnus Lessie C. , Tome Liliana C. , Marrucho Isabel M. , Mecerreyes David 
Published: August 2014

SummaryCholinium, a quaternary ammonium cation, trimethylethanol ammonium, is an essential micronutrient which supports several biological functions. In this work, a new cholinium based ionic liquid methacrylate monomer was used to process cellulose and produce optically transparent coatings through a simple photopolymerization procedure. The same monomer was also employed to manufacture biocompatible ion gels. Simply, the methacrylic monomer was photopolymerized within the ionic liquid matrix to form a gel type material.
PEG‐Bis Phosphonic Acid Based Ionic Supramolecular Structures
Authors: González Lidia , Skov Anne Ladegaard , Hvilsted Søren 
Published: August 2014

SummaryA number of supramolecular structures are prepared by mixing stoichiometric amounts of a phosphonic acid terminated poly(ethylene glycol) with propargyl amine, hexamethylene diamine, tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine, and the first generation of a poly(propylene imine) dendrimer in turn at room temperature. The resulting ionic assemblies are very comprehensively characterized by ATR‐FTIR, proton, and carbon‐13 NMR spectroscopy that unequivocally demonstrate the ionic network formation through ammonium phophonates. The resulting salt and ionic networks are additionally analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The conclusion is that mixing the virgin components at room temperature spontaneously form either a salt or ionic supramolecular networks.
Study on Weather Aging of Nitrile Rubber Composites Containing Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
Authors: Marzec Anna , Laskowska Anna , Boiteux Gisele , Zaborski Marian , Gain Olivier , Serghei Anatoli 
Published: August 2014

SummaryWeather aging of nitrile rubber composites containing hydrophilic 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium thiocyanate (EMIM SCN) and hydrophobic 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM TFSI), and 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (AMIM TFSI) ionic liquids was investigated. The mechanical properties at small (dynamic mechanical analysis) and high deformation (tensile test), the hardness and the electrical properties were measured before and after the aging process. It was found that the presence of hydrophobic ionic liquids in the nitrile rubber enhanced the retention of their mechanical properties (tensile strength, stiffness) and slightly reduced surface defects (as determined by scanning electron microscopy), thereby retarding the aging of rubber composites. However, the presence of hydrophilic EMIM SCN in the composite accelerated the degradation of the studied materials because of its high crosslinking activity during the aging process. The electrical studies showed also lower stability of hydrophilic ionic liquid (EMIM SCN) in the studied nitrile matrix (leaking effects) compared to the hydrophobic one (EMIM TFSI, AMIM TFSI).
Diagnosis of an imprinted‐gene syndrome by a novel bioinformatics analysis of whole‐genome sequences from a family trio
Authors: Bodian Dale L. , Solomon Benjamin D. , Khromykh Alina , Thach Dzung C. , Iyer Ramaswamy K. , Link Kathleen , Baker Robin L. , Baveja Rajiv , Vockley Joseph G. , Niederhuber John E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWhole‐genome sequencing and whole‐exome sequencing are becoming more widely applied in clinical medicine to help diagnose rare genetic diseases. Identification of the underlying causative mutations by genome‐wide sequencing is greatly facilitated by concurrent analysis of multiple family members, most often the mother–father–proband trio, using bioinformatics pipelines that filter genetic variants by mode of inheritance. However, current pipelines are limited to Mendelian inheritance patterns and do not specifically address disorders caused by mutations in imprinted genes, such as forms of Angelman syndrome and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. Using publicly available tools, we implemented a genetic inheritance search mode to identify imprinted‐gene mutations. Application of this search mode to whole‐genome sequences from a family trio led to a diagnosis for a proband for whom extensive clinical testing and Mendelian inheritance‐based sequence analysis were nondiagnostic. The condition in this patient, IMAGe syndrome, is likely caused by the heterozygous mutation c.832A>G (p.Lys278Glu) in the imprinted gene CDKN1C. The genotypes and disease status of six members of the family are consistent with maternal expression of the gene, and allele‐biased expression was confirmed by RNA‐Seq for the heterozygotes. This analysis demonstrates that an imprinted‐gene search mode is a valuable addition to genome sequence analysis pipelines for identifying disease‐causative variants.
A two‐dimensional coupled hydromechanical discontinuum model for simulating rock hydraulic fracturing
Authors: Jiao Yu‐Yong , Zhang Huan‐Qiang , Zhang Xiu‐Li , Li Hai‐Bo , Jiang Qing‐Hui 
Published: August 2014

SummaryWithin the framework of our discontinuous deformation analysis for rock failure algorithm, this paper presents a two‐dimensional coupled hydromechanical discontinuum model for simulating the rock hydraulic fracturing process. In the proposed approach, based on the generated joint network, the calculation of fluid mechanics is performed first to obtain the seepage pressure near the tips of existing cracks, and then the fluid pressure is treated as linearly distributed loads on corresponding block boundaries. The contribution of the hydraulic pressure to the initiation/propagation of the cracks is considered by adding the components of these blocks into the force matrix of the global equilibrium equation. Finally, failure criteria are applied at the crack tips to determine the occurrence of cracking events. Several verification examples are simulated, and the results show that this newly proposed numerical model can simulate the hydraulic fracturing process correctly and effectively. Although the numerical and experimental verifications focus on one unique preexisting crack, because of the capability of discontinuous deformation analysis in simulating block‐like structures, the proposed approach is capable of modeling rock hydraulic fracturing processes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic Modelling of Soil Nitrogen Budget and Vegetation Colonization in Sediment Bars of a Regulated River
Authors: Asaeda T. , Rashid M. H. , Abu Bakar R. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIntensive forestation widely occurs in East Asian rivers. It deteriorates the ecosystem of gravelly or sandy bars, affects flood protection, and changes the landscape of the river. For the regulation of forestation and vegetative succession on the bars, a suitable tool, through either a numerical simulation model or through empirical knowledge that will predict the future process after treatment, is required. With this background, a dynamic model is developed based on the empirical knowledge obtained by field observations in order to simulate the vegetative growth process on the bars. Observations were conducted at several Japanese rivers in order to better understand tree growth and biomass, herbaceous plant biomass, and soil nitrogen content. The model is composed of four modules: a hydrological module, which provides for flood inundation, flushing and sedimentation processes, a tree module, which describes the recruitment, growth and thinning of tree densities, and a herbaceous plant module, which describes the biomass of herbs as a function of environmental conditions. Finally, there is a soil module, which mostly describes nitrogen budgets. The model was successfully applied to the Arakawa River in central Japan in order to simulate a 30‐year process after a major flood. Simulations were conducted for several cases related to the processes of two tree species: Robinia pseudoacacia and Salix spp. The model was then applied in order to elucidate the forestation mechanism of the bar, which indicated a possible reason for the effect of decreasing the supply of coarse sediment. The impact of the tree and herbaceous plants by different hydrological processes is also discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rain granularity effects on bandwidth demand for faded DVB‐RCS systems
Authors: Al‐Mosawi Mohamed , Khusainov Rinat , Gremont Boris 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBroadband satellite communication networks, operating at Ka band and above, play a vital role in today's worldwide telecommunication infrastructure. The problem, however, is that rain can be the most dominant impairment factor for radio propagation above 10 GHz. This paper studies bandwidth and time slot allocation problem for rain faded DVB‐RCS satellite networks. We investigate how using finer rain granularity can improve bandwidth utilization in DVB‐RCS return links. The paper presents a mathematical model to calculate the bandwidth on demand. We formulate the radio resource allocation as an optimization problem and propose a novel algorithm for dynamic carrier bandwidth and time slots allocation, which works with constant bit rate type of traffic. We provide theoretical analysis for the time slot allocation problem and show that the proposed algorithm achieves optimal results. The algorithm is evaluated using a MATLAB simulation with historical rain data for the UK. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcriptional profiles of glutathione‐S‐Transferase isoforms, Cyp, and AOE genes in atrazine‐exposed zebrafish embryos
Authors: Glisic Branka , Hrubik Jelena , Fa Svetlana , Dopudj Nela , Kovacevic Radmila , Andric Nebojsa 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTGlutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) superfamily consists of multiple members involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Expressional pattern of the GST isoforms in adult fish has been used as a biomarker of exposure to environmental chemicals. However, GST transcriptional responses vary across organs, thus requiring a cross‐tissue examination of multiple mRNAs for GST profiling in an animal after chemical exposure. Zebrafish embryos express all GST isoforms as adult fish and could therefore represent an alternative model for identification of biomarkers of exposure. To evaluate such a possibility, we studied a set of cytosolic and microsomal GST isoform‐specific expression profiles in the zebrafish embryos after exposure to atrazine, a widely used herbicide. Expression of the GST isoforms was compared with that of CYP genes involved in the phase I of xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant enzyme (AOE) genes. Using quantitative real‐time PCR, we showed dynamic changes in the expressional pattern of twenty GST isoforms, cyp1a, cyp3a65, ahr2, and four AOEs in early development of zebrafish. Acute (48 and 72 h) exposure of 24 h‐old embryos to atrazine, from environmentally relevant (0.005 mg/L) to high (40 mg/L) concentrations, caused a variety of transient, albeit minor changes (<2.5‐fold) in the GST isoforms, ahr2 and AOE genes response. However, expression of cyp1a and cyp3a65 mRNA was markedly and consistently induced by high doses of atrazine (5 and 40 mg/L). In summary, an analysis of the response of multiple systems in the zebrafish embryos provided a comprehensive understanding of atrazine toxicity and its potential impact on biological processes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 233–244, 2016.
Fetal intervention for severe lower urinary tract obstruction: a multicenter case–control study comparing fetal cystoscopy with vesicoamniotic shunting
Authors: Ruano R. , Sananes N. , Sangi‐Haghpeykar H. , Hernandez‐Ruano S. , Moog R. , Becmeur F. , Zaloszyc A. , Giron A. M. , Morin B. , Favre R. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of fetal intervention using fetal cystoscopy or vesicoamniotic shunting in the treatment of severe lower urinary obstruction (LUTO).MethodsA cohort of 111 fetuses with severe LUTO attending two centers between January 1990 and August 2013 were included retrospectively. Fetuses were categorized into three groups based on the method of intervention: (1) fetal cystoscopy, (2) vesicoamniotic shunting or (3) no intervention. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the probability of survival and normal renal function until 6 months of age by comparing fetal cystoscopy and vesicoamniotic shunting to no fetal intervention.ResultsOf the 111 fetuses with severe LUTO that were included in the analysis, fetal cystoscopy was performed in 34, vesicoamniotic shunting was performed in 16 and there was no fetal intervention in 61. Gestational age at diagnosis, method of fetal intervention and cause of bladder obstruction were associated with prognosis. In multivariate analysis and after adjustment for potential confounders (considering all causes of LUTO) the overall probability of survival was significantly higher with fetal cystoscopy and vesicoamniotic shunting when compared to no intervention (adjusted relative risk (ARR), 1.86 (95% CI, 1.01–3.42; P = 0.048) and ARR, 1.73 (95% CI, 1.01–3.08; P = 0.04) respectively). A clear trend for normal renal function was present in the fetal cystoscopy group (ARR, 1.73 (95% CI, 0.97–3.08; P = 0.06)) but was not observed in the vesicoamniotic shunt group (ARR, 1.16 (95% CI, 0.86–1.55; P = 0.33)). In cases in which there was a postnatal diagnosis of posterior urethral valves, fetal cystoscopy was effective in improving both the 6‐month survival rate and renal function (ARR, 4.10 (95% CI, 1.75–9.62; P < 0.01) and 2.66 (95% CI, 1.25–5.70; P = 0.01) respectively) while vesicoamniotic shunting was associated only with an improvement in the 6‐month survival rate (ARR, 3.76 (95% CI, 1.42–9.97; P < 0.01)) with no effect on renal function (ARR, 1.03 (95% CI, 0.49–2.17, P = 0.93)).ConclusionFetal cystoscopy and vesicoamniotic shunting improve the 6‐month survival rate in cases of severe LUTO. However, only fetal cystoscopy may prevent impairment of renal function in fetuses with posterior urethral valves. Our data support the idea of performing a subsequent randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of fetal cystoscopy vs vesicoamniotic shunting for severe fetal LUTO. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Continuing progress toward controlled intracellular delivery of semiconductor quantum dots
Authors: Breger Joyce , Delehanty James B. , Medintz Igor L. 
Published: August 2014

The biological applications of luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) continue to grow at a nearly unabated pace. This growth is driven, in part, by their unique photophysical and physicochemical properties which have allowed them to be used in many different roles in cellular biology including: as superior fluorophores for a wide variety of cellular labeling applications; as active platforms for assembly of nanoscale sensors; and, more recently, as a powerful tool to understand the mechanisms of nanoparticle mediated drug delivery. Given that controlled cellular delivery is at the intersection of all these applications, the latest progress in delivering QDs to cells is examined here. A brief discussion of relevant considerations including the importance of materials preparation and bioconjugation along with the continuing issue of endosomal sequestration is initially provided for context. Methods for the cellular delivery of QDs are then highlighted including those based on passive exposure, facilitated strategies that utilize peptides or polymers and fully active modalities such as electroporation and other mechanically based methods. Following on this, the exciting advent of QD cellular delivery using multiple or combined mechanisms is then previewed. Several recent methods reporting endosomal escape of QD materials in cells are also examined in detail with a focus on the mechanisms by which access to the cytosol is achieved. The ongoing debate over QD cytotoxicity is also discussed along with a perspective on how this field will continue to evolve in the future. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:131–151. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1281This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology