bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convolution of individual and group identity: self-reliance increases polarisation in basic opinion model
Authors: Quante Lennart , Stechemesser Annika , Hödtke Damian , Levermann Anders 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOpinion formation within society follows complex dynamics. Towards its understanding, axiomatic theory can complement data analysis. To this end, we propose an axiomatic model of opinion formation that aims to capture the interaction of individual conviction with social influence in a minimalist fashion. Despite only representing that (1) agents have an initial conviction with respect to a topic and are (2) influenced by their neighbours, the model shows the emergence of opinion clusters from an initially unstructured state. Here, we show that increasing individual self-reliance makes agents more likely to align their socially influenced opinion with their inner conviction which concomitantly leads to increased polarisation. The opinion drift observed with increasing self-reliance may be a plausible analogue of polarisation trends in the real-world. Modelling the basic traits of striving for individual versus group identity, we find a trade-off between individual fulfilment and societal cohesion. This finding from fundamental assumptions can serve as a building block to explain opinion polarisation.
Toward an integrated multi-gigahertz ionizing particle diagnostic
Authors: Bohon J. , Grace C. , Gulley M. , Jacobson B. , Kachiguine S. , Kim D. , Martinez-Mckinney F. , Nagel N. , Nizam M. , Padilla R. , Prakash T. , Prebys E. , Rowling C. , Schumm B. A. , Torrecilla I. Silva , Smedley J. , Stuart D. , Wilder M. , Zhu D. 
Published: June 2024

Needs arising at both current and future accelerator facilities call for the development of radiation-hardened position-sensing diagnostics that can operate with multi-GHz repetition rates. Such instruments are likely to also have applications in the diagnosis of rapid plasma behavior. Building on the recent work of our Advanced Accelerator Diagnostics Collaboration, we are exploring the development of integrated multi-GHz ionizing particle detection systems based on chemical-vapor deposition diamond sensors, with the initial goal of producing a quadrant detector that can determine the intensity and centroid position of a particle beam at a repetition rate between 5 and 10 GHz. Results from our initial high-speed characterization work are presented, including those from a single-channel sensor with a GHz response. Approaches to achieving multi-GHz (5–10 GHz) rate capability, including the design of a dedicated Application Specific Integrated Circuit and the use of 3D RF-solver computer aided design software, are presented and discussed in more detail. 3D RF simulations suggest clean pulses of duration less than 250 ps (FWHM less than 125 ps) can be achieved with the approaches developed by this work.
Movements and habitat use of painted button-quail, Turnix varius, in tropical savanna of northern Queensland
Authors: Webster Patrick T. D. , Leseberg N. P. , Murphy S. A. , Watson J. E. M. 
Published: June 2024

Despite painted button-quail, Turnix varius, being one of Australia’s most common and widespread button-quail, knowledge of the species’ habitat use and movements is poor, and largely based on incidental observations. We GPS tracked eight painted button-quail individuals near Mareeba in northern Queensland during both dry (May to June 2020) and wet (January to February 2021) seasons. We found no evidence of nomadic or migratory movements; individuals occupied small home ranges (1.38–10.3 ha) and the species was present year-round. Differences in home-range size were detected between sexes and between seasons, likely reflecting the species’ polyandrous mating system. In both wet and dry seasons, painted button-quail occupied open savanna with a groundcover of native perennial tussock grasses. The home ranges of all tracked birds were associated mostly with ridges and slopes, although some use of alluvial flats was observed. The presence of perennial tussock grasses was consistent across the areas used by tracked individuals. In contrast to anecdotal reports, painted button-quail utilised areas with open groundcover (as low as 5% groundcover vegetation) as well as areas of dense cover (95% groundcover vegetation). Given that this is the first GPS-based movement study of any button-quail species, our findings provide potentially important insights into the daily and annual movements of this cryptic genus.
Language-based capabilities to conceptualise linguistic justice
Authors: Gialdini Cecilia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article proposes an application of the capability approach (CA) within linguistic justice, adopting a
capability-based approach. The aim is to break down the concept into language-based capabilities associated with public goods,
which can be evaluated through qualitative or quantitative methods, aligning with policy cycle models. The objective is to
deconstruct the abstract notion of linguistic justice into manageable components, namely language-based capabilities, making it
amenable to scrutiny through policy analysis. Language-based capabilities are capabilities linked to public goods and services
that inherently require a language for conversion into functioning. The state plays a crucial role as a conversion enabler through
fair and effective language policies. This breakdown into language-based capabilities facilitates the identification of individual
strategies, making the evaluation of language policies easier. Such an approach enables an examination of the policymaking
process, including its efficacy, shortcomings, and opportunities for improvement. The ultimate goal is to translate a highly
normative approach into an operational definition, further breaking it down into measurable indicators, thereby advancing the
field.
Long-term stability of the picometer-resolution interferometer on TianQin-1 satellite
Authors: Ming Min , Cao Bin , Liao Fangjie , Yang Minglin , Huang Xiangqing , Jiang Yuanze , Li Zhu , Zhang Jingyi , Yang Shuju , Duan Huizong , Yeh Hsien-Chi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detection has opened a new window for exploring the Universe, space-based GW detection will be the next frontier to deepen the understanding of galaxy evolution and massive black holes merging. TianQin-1 is a technology verification satellite for the space-based GW detector TianQin. One of the key technologies demonstrated in TianQin-1 is a high-precision and ultra-stable interferometer, with a noise floor lower than

100

pm

/

Hz

1

/

2

@

0.1

Hz

. In this paper, we report the long-term stability of the interferometer in the TianQin-1 satellite, which contains a quasi-monolithic optical bench made through hydroxide catalysis bonding (HCB). According to the results of the ground and in-orbit tests, the long-term stability of the interferometer for 13 months after launch has been evaluated. The resolution of the interferometer is better than 30 pm. The noise level of the interferometer is about

30

pm

/

Hz

1

/

2

@

0.1

Hz

and

10

pm

/

Hz

1

/

2

above 1 Hz, fulfilling the mission requirement of TianQin-1. The successful in-orbit operation has demonstrated the interferometer’s high precision and long-term stability based on the quasi-monolithic optical bench.
The UmboMic: a PVDF cantilever microphone
*
Authors: Yeiser Aaron J , Wawrzynek Emma F , Zhang John Z , Graf Lukas , McHugh Christopher I , Kymissis Ioannis , Olson Elizabeth S , Lang Jeffrey H , Heidi Nakajima Hideko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective. We present the ‘UmboMic,’ a prototype piezoelectric cantilever microphone designed for future use with totally-implantable cochlear implants. Methods. The UmboMic sensor is made from polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) because of its low Young’s modulus and biocompatibility. The sensor is designed to fit in the middle ear and measure the motion of the underside of the eardrum at the umbo. To maximize its performance, we developed a low noise charge amplifier in tandem with the UmboMic sensor. This paper presents the performance of the UmboMic sensor and amplifier in fresh cadaveric human temporal bones. Results. When tested in human temporal bones, the UmboMic apparatus achieves an equivalent input noise of 32.3 dB SPL over the frequency range 100 Hz–7 kHz, good linearity, and a flat frequency response to within 10 dB from about 100 Hz–6 kHz. Conclusion. These results demonstrate the feasibility of a PVDF-based microphone when paired with a low-noise amplifier. The reported UmboMic apparatus is comparable in performance to a conventional hearing aid microphone. Significance. The proof-of-concept UmboMic apparatus is a promising step towards creating a totally-implantable cochlear implant. A completely internal system would enhance the quality of life of cochlear implant users.
Biochemical evaluation of wound healing efficacy of cold plasma-conditioned media under different operational conditions
Authors: Puri Sonakshi , Mandal Sumit Kumar , Sharma Navin Kumar , Pal Priti , Lamba Ram Prakash , Miller Vandana , Pal Udit Narayan , Deepa P R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic and intricate biological process crucial for tissue repair and regeneration. This study explores the potential therapeutic impact of non-thermal plasma generated by a hand-held cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (C-APPJ) source on fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3) in vitro. The sequential phases of wound healing—inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue remodelling, were assessed in the context of cell migration and oxidative stress dynamics. Typically, plasma generates a mixture of several reactive oxygen/nitrogen (ROS/RNS) species. The present study investigates the safety and efficacy of C-APPJ under distinct operating conditions (argon (GI) and argon + nitrogen (GII)) and exposure times (1 min and 3 min). Cell viability assays confirmed the non-cytotoxic nature of the cold plasma conditioned medium. The levels of ROS/RNS and malondialdehyde (biomarker of oxidative stress) in the plasma-treated samples remained comparable with the control fibroblast cells grown in normal media, suggesting the favourable modulation of ROS by the cellular antioxidant mechanisms. Accelerated wound-closure rates from 6th hour to 24th hour in all the treated groups ranged from 38.76% to 45.66%, when compared to 34.25% in the control cells. Substantial cell migration leading to 51.59% of wound closure was recorded in the argon + nitrogen (GII) group exposed for 3 min. Taken together, the potential of cold plasma to effectively heal wounds without causing prolonged oxidative stress and chronic inflammation is implicated. These outcomes suggest scope for clinical application of C-APPJ as safe and cost-effective treatment of wounds (ulcers, burns, diabetic foot) and wound disinfection.
Orientation-dependent Andreev reflection in an altermagnet/altermagnet/superconductor junction
Authors: Niu Zhi Ping , Yang Zhe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Altermagnets, an emerging class of magnetic materials distinguished by a significant non-relativistic spin splitting band structure but zero net macroscopic magnetization, have recently received considerable attention. Here, we present a theoretical study focusing on the orientation-dependent conductance induced by Andreev reflection (AR) at an altermagnet/altermagnet/superconductor junction. Conventional and equal-spin AR processes occur when the Néel vector directions of the AMs are non-collinear and controllable by the altermagnet’s orientation θ and Néel vector direction α. The conductance spectra resemble ferromagnet/ferromagnet/superconductor junctions with parallel or antiparallel magnetization configurations, depending on θ and α. Both the anisotropic altermagnetic state and the equal-spin AR signature can be probed by studying conductance spectra. These findings suggest that altermagnet/superconductor junctions are promising platforms for future superconducting spintronics applications.
Reversal of the electric field and the anode fall in DC arcs in air during contact opening
Authors: Baeva Margarita 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A unified one-dimensional model of an arc plasma in air, between copper electrodes, that includes the change of the gap distance is presented. The occurrence of multiple reversals of the electric field and the anode voltage drop is observed. The evolution of the spatial distribution of the electron and heavy particle temperatures with the gap distance and the opening speed is also studied. The model quantitatively predicts a number of plasma properties under conditions that are relevant to the contact separation in low-voltage switching devices.
Development of efficient nonthermal atmospheric-pressure Ar-plasma jet through simultaneous spectroscopic characterization and radical quantification
Authors: Srikar P S N S R , Allabakshi Shaik Mahamad , Gomosta Suman , Maliyekkal Shihabudheen M , Gangwar Reetesh K 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The work investigates the correlation between the plasma characteristics and reactive chemical species generation in an Ar-nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma-jet (Ar-NTAPPJ) under various operating conditions such as gas flow rate, excitation voltage, and electrode gap and demonstrates the application of such understanding in developing efficient nonthermal plasma systems. The critical plasma parameters such as electron temperature (T
e) and electron density (n
e) under the various operating conditions were estimated using optical emission spectroscopy coupled with the collision radiative model and Stark broadening methods. At optimal setting of 5 LPM gas flow rate, 4 kV excitation voltage, and 6 mm electrode gap resulted in maximum T
e (0.6 eV), enhancing •OH production (0.056 mM) in the liquid phase and OH(A-X) emission in the gas phase, highlighting the significance of operating conditions on building energy efficient plasma systems. The enhanced performance of the optimized Ar-NTAPPJ is demonstrated by taking atrazine as a model herbicide. The degradation performance data was correlated and validated with results obtained from spectroscopic diagnostics. By adequately tuning the operating parameters, four times enhancement in energy yield (∼150 mg kWh−1) was obtained without perturbing the nonthermal plasma mode. In nonthermal mode, to best of the authors knowledge, it is the highest reported energy yield for atrazine degradation. The scalability aspect of the present plasma jet was also investigated by Intensified Charge-Coupled Device camera-based imaging technique. The study establishes the importance of adequate diagnostics in developing efficient next-generation plasma reactors.
Resistive switching suppression in metal/Nb:SrTiO3 Schottky contacts prepared by room-temperature pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Buzio R , Gerbi A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Deepening the understanding of interface-type resistive switching (RS) in metal/oxide heterojunctions is a key step for the development of high-performance memristors and Schottky rectifiers. In this study, we address the role of metallization technique by fabricating prototypical metal/Nb-doped SrTiO3 (M/NSTO) Schottky contacts via pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Ultrathin Pt and Au electrodes are deposited by PLD onto single-crystal (001)-terminated NSTO substrates and interfacial transport is characterized by conventional macroscale methods and nanoscale Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy. We show that PLD metallization gives Schottky contacts with highly reversible current-voltage characteristics under cyclic polarization. Room-temperature (RT) transport is governed by thermionic emission with Schottky barrier height

ϕ

B

(

Pt

/

NSTO

)

∼
0.71
−
0.75

eV

,

ϕ

B

(

Au

/

NSTO

)

∼
0.70
−
0.83

eV

and ideality factors as small as

n

(

Pt

/

NSTO

)

∼
1.1

and

n

(

Au

/

NSTO

)

∼
1.6

. RS remains almost completely suppressed upon imposing broad variations of the Nb doping and of the external stimuli (polarization bias, working temperature, ambient air exposure). At the nanoscale, we find that both systems display high spatial homogeneity of

ϕ

B

(

⩽

50

meV

), which is only partially affected by the NSTO mixed termination (

|

ϕ

B

(

M

/

SrO

)

−

ϕ

B

(

M

/

Ti

O

2

)

|

<
35

meV

). Experimental evidences and theoretical arguments—based on a metal-insulator-semiconductor description of the M/NSTO—indicate that the PLD metallization mitigates interfacial layer effects responsible for RS. This occurs thanks to the reduction of the interfacial layer thickness and to the creation of an effective barrier against the permeation of ambient gas species affecting charge trapping and redox reactions. This description allows to rationalize interfacial aging effects, observed upon several-months-exposure to ambient air, in terms of a slow interfacial re-oxidation. Our work contributes to the fundamental understanding of interface-type RS and demonstrates that RT PLD offers a viable platform for the realization of robust, RS-free NSTO-based Schottky contacts.
Effect of magnetron sputtering power on the properties of the AlO
X
monolayer and AlO
X
/MgF2 bilayer anti-reflection films
Authors: Song Xinfei , Zhao Changjiang , Zhao Leran , Liu Juncheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The AlO
X
monolayer anti-reflection (MLAR) films and the AlO
X
/MgF2 bilayer anti-reflection (BLAR) films were deposited on high-purity glasses with magnetron sputtering. We investigated the influences of sputtering power on the O/Al molar ratio, microstructure, and optical properties of the AlO
X
MLAR films and AlO
X
/MgF2 BLAR films. The results showed that a too high or a too low sputtering power was detrimental to the preparation of the high-quality films, which could only be obtained when the sputtering power was 115 W. However, the sputtering power did not affect the crystallinity of the films, all of which were amorphous. When the sputtering power was 115 W, the high-purity AlO
X
MLAR film exhibited an O/Al molar ratio of 2.27:1, a refractive index of 1.426, and an average transmittance (T
avg: average transmittance of the quartz glass deposited the film, hereinafter the same) of 94.03% within 300–1100 nm wavelength range. The T
avg of AlO
X
/MgF2 BLAR film with a power of 115 W was 94.99%, which was 1.92% higher than that of the glass substrate. And it improved the cell’s photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) by 3.19%.
Orbital magnetic susceptibility of zigzag carbon nanobelts: a tight-binding study
Authors: Inui Norio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The magnetic properties of a circular graphene nanoribbon (carbon belt) in a magnetic field parallel to its central axis is studied using a tight-binding model. Orbital magnetic susceptibility is calculated using an analytical expression of the energy eigenvalues as a function of the magnetic flux density for any size, and its temperature dependence is considered. In the absence of electron hopping parallel to the magnetic field, the orbital magnetic susceptibility diverges at absolute zero if the chemical potential is zero and the number of atoms is a multiple of four. As the temperature increases, the magnitude of susceptibility decreases according to the power law, whose exponent depends on the size. In the presence of electron hopping parallel to the magnetic field, the divergence of the susceptibility near absolute zero disappears, and the sign changes with the transfer integral parallel to the magnetic field and the temperature.
Research on stochastic error suppression method of FOG based on quasi-proportional information
Authors: Liang Zhe , Zhou Zhaofa , Li Hongcai , Zhang Zhili , Li Yongxu , Liu Jin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the precision of fiber optic gyro (FOG), it is necessary to suppress the stochastic error effectively. Therefore, the stochastic error suppression of FOG is studied. Firstly, the data of FOG at room temperature and variable temperature are analyzed. Then, a general form of FOG random error model is derived, and an adaptive filtering method based on quasi-proportional information is proposed to estimate the process noise covariance effectively. At last, the room temperature experiment, the variable temperature experiment and the dynamic experiment are carried out. Compared with the recently proposed adaptive filter algorithm, the variance reduction of the proposed algorithm at the average time of 33 s, 54 s and 55 s is more than 70%, and the suppression effect of the algorithm on the random walk coefficient is improved by more than 2%, showing strong robustness.
Adaptive mode decomposition method based on fault feature orientation and its application to compound fault diagnosis of planetary gearboxes
Authors: Li Hongkun , Cao Shunxin , Zhang Kongliang , Yang Chen , Xiang Wei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Planetary gearboxes often experience multiple component failures during service, which can accelerate the degradation and failure of industrial equipment. Accurate separation and identification of multiple faults is an important means of ensuring the safe and stable operation of equipment. However, different faults can interact with each other, along with the influence of background noise, making it challenging to accurately extract faults with relatively weak energy among multiple faults. This difficulty leads to the problems of potential misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. To address this issue, an adaptive mode decomposition method based on fault feature orientation (AMD-FF) is proposed in this paper. Initially, a fault impact indicator (FII) is constructed based on period-weighted kurtosis of envelope spectral and correlated combination negentropy to effectively characterize the impulsiveness and periodicity of fault features. Furthermore, with the objective of maximizing the FII, an adaptive decomposition of the original signal is designed based on blind convolution theory using a finite-impulse response filter group. Subsequently, a variable weight particle swarm optimization is employed to adaptively optimize the key decomposition parameters. Finally, the data of industrial-grade planetary gear transmission test rig are collected to validate the proposed method for compound fault diagnosis of planetary gearboxes. The results indicate that the AFMD-FF can effectively separate and extract compound faults in planetary gearboxes, demonstrating superior fault separation and diagnostic performance compared to the fault mode decomposition (FMD) and adaptive FMD. This method offers a novel approach to diagnosing compound faults in rotating equipment in industrial scenarios.
High-speed multi-parameter sensing system based on wireless passive SAW tags
Authors: Feng Yan , Zhang Yue , Gao Feng , Zhang Jikai , Ding Qingchen , Dong Shurong , Jin Hao , Xuan Weipeng , Luo Jikui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Wireless passive surface acoustic wave (WP-SAW) tags are widely used for onsite real-time monitoring of mechanical moving parts. However, the high running speed of some core parts results in fast variation of the sensing parameters such as stress or strain, which requires high sampling rate. This is challenging for WP-SAW because of its traditional frequency interrogation scheme by frequency sweeping, especially under high temperature. This paper proposed a high-speed sensing system based on WP-SAW tags for the real-time interrogation of multiple parameters including temperature, pressure and strain. The high-speed reading is achieved by interrogation with linear frequency modulated continuous waves, which can achieve a fast single cycle sampling time of 36.25 μs. The sensor tag is built by direct integration of a SAW resonator with a PCB spiral antenna. Langasite is chosen as the SAW substrate to achieve high working temperature. The temperature, pressure and strain sensing ranges of the wired SAW resonators are room temperature to 1000 °C, 0.1 MPa to 0.8 MPa and 0 μϵ to 1000 μϵ, respectively. The design of this wireless passive sensing system demonstrates a feasible monitoring solution that can be widely used in high-speed and high-temperature moving mechanical parts.