bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis of Large language Models on Clinical Questions for Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Zhang Weiming , Yu Jie , Ma Juntao , Feng Jiawei , Geng Linyu , Chen Yuxin , Zhang Huayong , Ning Mingzhe 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) has made great strides. Our study evaluated the performance in delivering clinical questions related to autoimmune diseases (AIDs).
Methods
46 AIDs-related questions were compiled and entered into ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4.0, and Gemini. The replies were collected and sent to laboratory specialists for scoring according to relevance, correctness, completeness, helpfulness, and safety. Scores for three chatbots in five quality dimensions and the scores of the replies to the questions under each quality dimension were analyzed.
Results
ChatGPT 4.0 showed superior performance than ChatGPT 3.5 and Gemini in all five quality dimensions. ChatGPT 4.0 outperformed ChatGPT 3.5 or Gemini on the relevance, completeness or helpfulness in answering about the prognosis, diagnosis, or the report interpretation of AIDs. ChatGPT 4.0’s replies were the longest, followed by ChatGPT 3.5, Gemini’s was the shortest.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight ChatGPT 4.0 is superior to delivering comprehensive and accurate responses to AIDs-related clinical questions.
The most precious resource: time allocation of immigrants in the U.S.
Authors: Coniglio Nicola D. , Hoxhaj Rezart , Jayet Hubert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study offers a comprehensive examination of the time-use patterns of immigrants versus native-born populations in the U.S., drawing from the American Time-Use Survey (ATUS) spanning 2003–2019. We analyse differences in the concentration and diversity of time allocation, looking both at participation likelihood and at the time spent in a highly disaggregated set of activities. Our findings underscore pronounced differences between immigrants and native-born, with distinct patterns emerging across genders and influenced by socio-economic attributes. The data reveals a nuanced assimilation trajectory based on the duration of immigrants' residency. Male immigrants show assimilation in time-use patterns after approximately 20 years, while female immigrants exhibit a more gradual alignment, with significant convergence occurring after two decades. Immigrants also exhibit heightened gender specialization in time-use, which narrows over time but remains pronounced relative to native-born. Second-generation immigrants display time-use patterns similar to long-term first-generation immigrants, aligning closely with the trend of native-born. This study provides valuable insights into the dynamics of time-use, assimilation processes, and gendered divisions, informing socio-economic and integration policies.
Balloon guide catheter for Intra-arterial thrombectomy of M1, and more distal Middle Cerebral Artery occlusion
Authors: Choi Jung Min , Shin Shang Hun , Youn Sung Won , Kim Wook-joo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Balloon guide catheters (BGCs) have helped advance endovascular thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion. This study aimed to understand whether a BGC would be useful in thrombectomy of the vessels that are distant from the BGC, such as M1 or more distal artery occlusions. We retrospectively reviewed patients with acute stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy at two stroke centers. Data were collected for patients with M1, M2, or proximal M3 occlusions who underwent intra-arterial thrombectomies in 2020 and 2021. Baseline angiographic and clinical characteristics, time intervals, recanalization rates, and clinical outcomes were compared between patients treated with and without BGCs. Sixty-one patients (68.9 ± 12.8 years; males, 62.3%; 35 with BGC) were included. The combined contact aspiration and stent retriever technique was used primarily in both groups. Patients without BGC were older, had a shorter procedural time, and a higher rate of first pass recanalization. Good clinical outcome rate did not significantly differ. In conclusion, BGC did not seem to provide better endovascular or clinical outcomes in intra-arterial thrombectomy for patients with acute ischemic stroke with M1 and more distal artery occlusions when combined contact aspiration and stent retriever is performed.
Barriers to development of health literacy in iran's health system: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ziapour Arash , Darabi Fateme , Mohammadkhah Fatemeh , Yıldırım Murat , Nejhaddadgar Nazila 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Despite the significance of health literacy, studies show the inadequacy of health literacy in the health system of Iran. Inadequate health literacy is considered a warning for service providers. It needs to be integrated in educational programs run in health and medical centers. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the barriers to health literacy in Iran health system.
Methods The present qualitative study was conducted in 2023 using a conventional content analysis. To this aim, 18 subjects were selected among urban health center staff, 21 from rural health centers, 10 health volunteers and 8 trainees for interviews and group discussions. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focal group discussions, and were simultaneously analyzed using a conventional qualitative analysis suggested by Lundman and Graneheim.
Results The data analysis led to the extraction of 4 themes: personal barriers (trainee’s inadequate competence, lack of physical or mental health, low motivational factors, wrong beliefs, contextual barriers), interpersonal barriers (healthcare providers’ misunderstanding of correct training, mal- or miscommunication in training sessions, high workload of healthcare staff, the trainer’s limited skill, underestimated role of education in behavior change, supervision and monitoring problems, low work commitment of health staff), organizational barriers (inadequate human resources, poor management, low organizational motivation) and social barriers (uninterest in learning about health issues, issues related to the Internet and cyberspace, lack of intersectoral cooperation, distrust in the health system).
Conclusion Considering the multidimensional nature of barriers for health literacy, it is recommended to make and implement a comprehensive plan to integrate efforts by health authorities and institutions, mass media, experts, decision-makers, policy-makers, and service providers to remove barriers.
A preliminary study on the use of the Boston Cognitive Assessment to assess cognitive function in a Chinese population
Authors: Ding Jiahui , Gao Xiaoxia , Tang Ying , Wu Yehuan , Yuan Xiaofang , Zhang Jianan , Shi Yue , Wang Ya , Guo Jing , Fei Xiao , Zhang Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
This study explored the reliability and validity of the Boston Cognitive Assessment (BOCA) in a healthy China population to obtain an objective basis for its application in China.
Methods
In total, 111 healthy individuals were recruited as research participants from Changzhou Prefecture from December 2023 to July 2024. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was conducted offline with paper and pen, whereas the BOCA self-assessment scale was conducted online. The correlation, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, content validity, and calibration validity were analyzed based on the relevant data.
Results
Age was moderately negatively correlated with BOCA scores, while length of education was moderately positively correlated with BOCA scores. The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the BOCA scale was 0.774, indicating good internal consistency. The intra-group correlation coefficient (ICC) of the total scores was 0.796, indicating good test–retest reliability. The correlation coefficient between the scores of each BOCA item and the total score was between 0.202 and 0.751 (P < 0.05), indicating good content validity. A moderate positive correlation was found between the total BOCA and MMSE scores (r = 0.682, P < 0.01), indicating good calibration validity.
Conclusions
The BOCA scale has good reliability and validity, indicating its reliability in comprehensively and effectively assessing cognitive function in healthy people in China, and thus it can be used as a remote cognitive self-assessment tool for the Chinese population.
ECTTLNER: An Effective Cross-Task Transferring Learning Method for Low-Resource Named Entity Recognition
Authors: Xu Yiwu , Chen Yun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Named entity recognition (NER) is an important task in natural language processing that affects the performance of its downstream tasks. Cross-task transfer learning (CTTLNER) is more naturally suited for low-resource NER compared to cross-language transfer learning (CLTLNER) and cross-domain transfer learning (CDTLNER). Existing CTTLNER methods improve the performance of low-resource NER by leveraging relevant information from other auxiliary tasks, such as sentence-level or token-level information. However, these methods do not fully exploit token-level information of entities, resulting in room for improvement in low-resource NER. In order to improve the performance of low-resource NER, this paper proposes a simple and effective cross-task transfer learning method ECTTLNER, which introduces Sentence Contains Entities (SCE), Sentence Entity Number (SEN), Token Is Entity (TIE), and Token Boundary Label (TBL) prediction tasks to NER and performs multi-task learning together with the main sequence labeling (SEQLAB) task. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that ECTTLNER outperforms a set of state-of-the-art baseline models and achieves more than 2.6% improvement of F1-score in low-resource scenarios.
Mechanism of Ag-enhanced Bi2Fe4O9 photocatalytic Fenton system for inactivation of marine microorganisms
Authors: Song Yulin , Ma Haoyang , An Jiayu , Zhan Su , Jiang Wenjun , Zhou Feng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this work, Ag was loaded on the surface of Bi2Fe4O9 to constitute a composite photocatalyst by a photo-reduction method. Under visible light irradiation and accompanied by a small amount of H2O2 assisted to constitute a photocatalytic-Fenton coupling system, the highest sterilization rate of BFO-Ag-1 was obtained through sterilization experiments, and the sterilization rate after 30 min light irradiation reached 90.8%. This was mainly due to the fact that the silver loading not only improved the Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle and H2O2 utilization efficiency, but also resulted in a positive shift of the valence band potential of the photocatalyst and an increase in the charge separation efficiency. Comprehensive radical trapping experiments showed that •OH and holes were the main active substances for inactivating marine microorganisms. In this work, by loading Ag nanoparticles on the surface of Bi2Fe4O9, the efficiency of the effective conversion of H2O2 to •OH was improved, which provided a new idea for the development of photocatalytic-Fenton coupling technology and ballast water treatment.
Design of a Computational Intelligence System for Detection of Multiple Sclerosis with Visual Evoked Potentials
Authors: Mohsenpourian Moussa , Suratgar Amir Abolfazl , Talebi Heidar Ali , Arzani Mahsa , Moghadasi Abdorreza Naser , Malakouti Seyed Matin , Menhaj Mohammad Bagher 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this study, a new approach for modification of membership functions of a fuzzy inference system (FIS) is demonstrated, in order to serve as a pattern recognition tool for classification of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) from healthy controls (HC) using their visually evoked potential (VEP) recordings. The new approach utilizes Krill Herd (KH) optimization algorithm to modify parameters associated with membership functions of both inputs and outputs of an initial Sugeno-type FIS, while making sure that the error corresponding to training of the network is minimized. This novel pattern recognition system is applied for classification of VEP signals in 11 MS patients and 11 HC’s. A feature extraction routine was performed on the VEP signals, and later substantial features were selected in an optimized feature subset selection scheme employing Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithms. This alone provided further information regarding clinical value of many previously unused VEP features as an aide for making the diagnosis. The newly designed computational intelligence system is shown to outperform popular classifiers (e.g., multilayer perceptron, support-vector machine, etc.) and was able to distinguish MS patients from HC’s with an overall accuracy of 90%.
Development and Characterization of Lansoprazole Nanosponges for Enhanced Solubility and Controlled Drug Release
Authors: PATEL ADIL , PATEL RICHA 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This study presents the preparation and characterization of Lansoprazole nanosponges using soluble chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and Pluronic F68 via the emulsion solvent diffusion method. The nanosponges were formulated to enhance the drug's solubility and controlled release profile. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the transition of Lansoprazole to an amorphous state, indicating uniform distribution within the nanosponge matrix. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed spherical, porous nanosponges. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis showed an average particle size of 332.4 nm with a moderate polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.52, while zeta potential measurements indicated moderate stability with a value of -15.3 mV. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the entrapment of Lansoprazole without significant interactions with the polymers. The in vitro drug release study demonstrated a controlled and sustained release profile, achieving nearly complete drug release over 11 hours. These findings suggest that the prepared Lansoprazole nanosponges possess the desired characteristics for potential therapeutic applications, offering improved solubility, stability, and a controlled release mechanism.
Celastrol combined with curcumin inhibits proliferation and causes cell death in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 cell line by inducing ferroptosis
Authors: Feng Tao , Luo Yinjun , Zhang Xin , Fang Ziyang , Li Ying , Ma Shijing , Wei Jingting , Fang Xiaoyan , Li Biao , Wang Jinhua , Liao Suchan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly invasive form of head and neck cancer that arises from nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. The treatment of advanced NPC with radiotherapy presents significant challenges due to cellular resistance, which has spurred interest in natural small molecule drugs. Celastrol and curcumin, both derived from plants, have exhibited anti-tumor properties. However, the clinical development of celastrol is hindered by its low bioavailability and associated toxic side effects, while curcumin, although non-toxic, also suffers from limited bioavailability. The combination of drugs is a fundamental principle of traditional Chinese medicine, as it enhances therapeutic efficacy while reducing toxicity, suggesting a potential synergistic use of celastrol and curcumin. Furthermore, ferroptosis is crucial for tumor cell death. Consequently, our study aims to investigate whether the combination of celastrol and curcumin can induce ferroptosis in NPC cells and assess its antiproliferative effects.
Methods
Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines were used for in vitro cell analysis. CCK8 was used to evaluate the effect of treatment with different concentrations of Celastrol and curmin on cell viability in a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 cell line. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected to determine mitochondrial oxidative stress and function. Western blot was used to detect apoptosis, autophagy and ferritin-related proteins expression.
Results
The combination of celastrol and curcumin exhibited a more pronounced antiproliferative effect on CNE1 cells. Following treatment with these compounds, mitochondria generated substantial amounts of reactive oxygen species, resulting in impaired mitochondrial function. Moreover, the cell death induced by the combination of celastrol and curcumin was found to be independent of apoptosis, instead, it was correlated with increased cellular autophagy, enhanced mitochondrial fission, and the induction of ferroptosis.
Conclusion
Low doses of celastrol combined with curcumin exhibited a greater inhibition of CNE1 cell growth compared to curcumin alone. This enhanced efficacy of the combination therapy is likely attributable to its effects on mitochondrial fission and the induction of ferroptosis.
Epidemiological Study and Physiological Analysis of Snakebite Envenoming in China Northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region-a Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Yong , Zeng Guifen , Gu Lantao , Mu Suwan , Wei Miaoling , Wei Liuqing , Luo Bin , Yu Honghao H. , Xu Baoling L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Snakebite causing huge social costs worldwide. However, no systematic report of snake injuries in China Northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region until now. In this study, the details of patients with snake bites were retrospectively retrieved and reviewed. Details regarding age, gender, site of snake bites, consciousness, outcome and clinical features at the time of presentation to the hospital.
Methods
Data were extracted from the emergency department (2019-2021), epidemiological study and physiological analysis were performed.
Results
Our data showed that the majority of the bites were from Deinagkistrodon acutus(Da) and Protobothrops mucrosquamatus(Pm), respectively, accounting for 42.37% and 33.33%. 40.11% of snakebites occur in fields, 37.85% in areas neighboring houses, and 14.69% in mountains. Most bite victims were between 50 -70 years old (52.54%). The mean age was 57.32±15.12 years. There were 120 (67.80%) male victims, while 57 (32.20%) were females. For 93.22% of the patients, the site of bite was in the lower limbs, 6.21% in upper limbs and in 0.56% cases, it was in the head region. In terms of blood coagulation function, 69.33% (Da) and 91.53% (Pm) patients had normal Prothrombin Time (PT). A significant number of patients (30.66%) with Da bites had increased Prothrombin Time, while Pm only caused 8.47% of the individuals to have such an effect. The influence of Da and Pm bites on White Blood Cells (WBC) count showed an upward trend, with percentages of 41.33% and 61.02%, respectively. A similar trend was observed for neutrophils (48%/61.02%). The venom of both the species had similar effects on K+, Na+, Ca2+and Mg2+ (Normal rate (Da/Pm): 72%/71.19%, 100%/96.61%, 84%/83.05%, 68%/66.10%) in vivo. CreatineKinase-MB (CK-M b), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level in patients with snake injuries were the most abnormal (Normal rate (Da/Pm): 73.33%/62.71%), while the impact on Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and albumin was relatively smaller (Normal rate (Da/Pm): 86.67%/91.53%, 90.67%/83.05%, 90.67%/83.05%).
Conclusions
The majority of the snakebites in China Northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were from Deinagkistrodon acutus(Da) and Protobothrops mucrosquamatus(Pm), mostly occurs in fields/neighboring houses/ mountains. Most bite victims were between 50-70 years old. Da and Pm bites showed marked physiological variation, the treatment and monitoring after snakebites should be comprehensive and personalized.
Green and low-cost method for selenium analysis in beans by Photochemical Vapor Generation coupled to Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (PVG-AAS)
Authors: Aragão Ana Clara C. , Brito Jane Kelly S. , Ferreira Felipe S. , Lopes Gisele S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Selenium is an essential element and the main source of it is food. The ingestion of food rich in this element as nuts (Brazil nuts) is important to keep the body healthy. In this work, the development of a green and low-cost methodology for selenium analysis in beans was carried out using the photochemical vapor generation method coupled to atomic absorption spectrometry. The efficiency of the photochemical vapor generation (PVG) was optimized by evaluating the experimental conditions, such as: type and concentration of the organic acid, flow rate of the carrier gas and sample UV irradiation time. The formation of volatile species was more efficient using 6% v v− 1 acetic acid, carrier gas flow rate of 10 mL min− 1 and 20 s UV irradiation time. The method of standard addition calibration curves was performed to analyze total Se in green bean samples acquired in the market of different cities of northeast and north regions of Brazil. The accuracy of the proposed method was tested comparing results for Se content with hydride generation (HG) in a sample of Ceara state. The analyzed samples showed total Se content varying from 0.9 to 2.2 mg kg− 1 in dry matter of green beans. The amount of Se found in green beans is within the expected range when compared to other types of beans reported in the literature.
Numerical model for two dimensional temperature distribution in photovoltaic panels with experimental validation
Authors: KADYRI ABBES , ASSAID EL MAHDI , KANDOUSSI KHALID , SOUHAR OTMANE 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we harness fully-explicit finite difference methods to meticulously model and analyze the thermal dynamics within a photovoltaic (PV) module’s stratified architecture. Delving into the thermal progression across the module, we solve the conductive heat transfer equation to unravel the intricate patterns of temperature fluctuation, aiming to elucidate the thermal behavior and its influence on the module’s efficiency. Our investigation traverses the multi-layered composition of a standard solar panel, dissecting its assembly from the protective glass cover to the semiconductor layers, and down to the substrate and Tedlar backsheet. Each constituent is characterized by unique thermal attributes, critically shaping the internal thermal landscape of the module.
The boundary conditions employed in our model, which include combined convection and radiation on the front surface and convection at the rear, play a crucial role in accurately simulating the heat transfer processes. To validate the performance of our approach, we conducted an empirical comparison by juxtaposing the temperature profiles derived from the finite difference method at the Tedlar layer against real-world measurements across varied irradiance scenarios. The validation process involved calculating statistical indices such as NMSE, MRSE, COR, FB, FS, MG, and VG, which demonstrated a strong agreement between our model and observed data, confirming the robustness and accuracy of our numerical approach.