bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dead-Oil Viscosity and Injected-Solvent Type on SVX Process Performance
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Knorr Kelvin (Kelly) D. 
Published: June 2014

Summary
This work presents experimental results of four 3D-physical-model experiments that were performed to evaluate the dependence of the solvent-vapour-extraction (SVX) recovery process performance on initial dead-oil viscosity and injected-solvent-mixture composition. 0 Model excavation studies were also performed to approximate the solvent movement in the physical model and to map out the residual oil saturation and precipitated asphaltenes. The field-scale application and optimization of SVX processes requires that relationships be established among oil-production rates, solvent usage, and important process parameters (e.g., matrix permeability, initial dead-oil viscosity, solvent-mixture composition, and solvent usage). This work has attempted to generate such relationships for the two most promising mixed-solvent systems being considered for use in heavy-oil reservoirs. The analysis of the experimental results revealed that the initial dead-oil viscosity had a significant effect on the SVX performance. Higher oil-production rates were achieved with the lower-viscosity oils for both injected-solvent-mixture types, with a more-pronounced effect observed when using the CO2/C3 solvent mixture. The results also showed that the CO2/C3 mixture resulted in earlier solvent breakthrough and initial oil production, reduced solvent-makeup requirements (i.e., better solvent recycle stream), and reduced solvent retention in the model/reservoir, as compared with the C1/C3 solvent mixture. The residual-oil-saturation mapping showed that the CO2/C3 mixture led to comparatively lower values in the drained regions and a higher amount of precipitated asphaltenes remaining in the model, although there was evidence of some precipitated asphaltenes close to both the injection and production wells in all four experiments, regardless of the solvent-mixture type. Finally, this mapping also indicated that the solvent/oil interfaces and solvent chambers were more uniform and predictable for the CO2/C3 solvent-mixture injection.
Liquid Bank Removal in Production Wells Drilled in Gas-condensate Reservoirs: A Critical Review
Authors: Sayed Mohammed A. , Al-Muntasheri Ghaithan A. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
With gas production from gas condensate reservoirs, the flowing bottomhole pressure of the production well decreases. When the flowing bottomhole pressure becomes less than the dew point pressure, condensate accumulates near the wellbore area and forms a condensate bank. This results in loss of productivity of both gas and condensate. This becomes more serious in intermediate permeability gas-condensate reservoirs where the condensate bank reduces both the gas permeability and the well productivity.
Several techniques have been used to mitigate this problem. These methods include: gas cycling, drilling horizontal wells, hydraulic fracturing, injection of super critical CO2, use of solvents and the use of wettability alteration chemicals. Gas cycling aims to keep the pressure of the reservoir above the dew point pressure to reduce the condensation phenomena. The limited volumes of gas that can be recycled in the reservoir can hinder the application of this method. In order for an ideal recycle, gas volume injected into the reservoir will be larger than the total gas that can be produced from such a reservoir. Other approaches are drilling horizontal wells and hydraulic fracturing where the pressure drop around the wellbore area is lowered to allow for a longer production time with only single phase gas flow to the wellbore. These approaches are costly as they require drilling rigs. Another technique is the use of solvents which shows good treatment outcomes, but the durability is a questionable issue in these treatments. Moreover, wettability alteration needs to be approached very carefully as to not cause permanent damages to the reservoir. It was reported in many studies the use of fluorinated polymers and surfactants dissolved in alcohol-based solvents for wettability alterations treatments.
Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and can be applied under certain conditions. The paper presents all of these methods along with their advantages and disadvantages, besides description of some of their field applications and case studies.
Quantifying the Impact of Flow Control Devices in SAGD Applications in the Surmont Area Through Numerical Analysis
Authors: Ajumogobia-Bestman Somiari , Jobling Robert , Pederson Erik , Cao Andrew 
Published: June 2014

In Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) operations, steam is the primary means of mobilizing the in-situ bitumen or heavy oil-Bitumen (HO-B) resource. The cost of steam generation and delivery accounts for a significant portion of ongoing operational expenditures of the recovery process, thus any efficiency gains in delivering steam to the reservoir makes the entire process more cost effective. Two significant challenges that impact the process efficiency are the occurrence of steam breakthrough along the lateral and steam non-conformance. Both of these issues are largely due to the presence of reservoir heterogeneities. A possible solution to address these challenges is the inclusion of flow control devices (FCDs) in SAGD completions.
In order to quantify the impact of including FCDs in the SAGD process, this study was performed by numerical analysis with a model built from publicly available geological data representing the Surmount field of Alberta. The model has the reservoir fully coupled to a discretized wellbore. With this model, the study is able to capture the presence of heterogeneities and the effect with respect to steam breakthroughs and non-conformance. Several wellbore variations are tested in this study, including a Base Case having a traditional completion (long string/short string completion) and other cases with various FCD configurations and arrangements.
The results of the modeling process show that the inclusion of FCDs positively impacts the SAGD process by minimizing the occurrences of breakthroughs, improving conformance and by increasing the volumetric sweep efficiency of the process. Included is a comparison of the results from the Base Case versus other cases. The comparison presents a conclusion which demonstrates that deploying FCDs in SAGD wells provides an economic benefit. The economic comparison is based on net present value (NPV) analysis and payout of the various cases. This study is relevant because it demonstrates how FCDs can be employed to overcome geological challenges that would otherwise result in non-conformance and steam breakthrough. By overcoming these challenges the project economics improve. The functionality of these devices also presents the possibility of using slimmer and longer completions for the SAGD well pairs which will improve project economics even more.
Real Time Kick Detection Applying an Ultrasonic Caliper Featuring a Downhole Sonic Speed Measurement for Calibration Purposes
Authors: Elahifar Behzad , Fasch Franz , Thonhauser Gerhard , Tollschein Christian 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Recognition of variations in borehole shape in real time drilling allows the drilling engineer to actuate appropriate counteractions to avoid costly failures, or to implement alterations in the drilling practices to optimize the shape of the borehole and thus improve the drilling efficiency.
Developing a high accurate ultrasonic caliper with a special design helps the drilling engineer not only to monitor the wellbore shape and profile but also detecting a kick in real time drilling.
The result of ultrasonic calipers measurement is a 4D image of the borehole, which helps the driller to make proper decisions such as reaming a critical zone, changing the flow rate to reduce erosion or modifying the string rotation speed to reduce vibrations and also detecting a kick when an influx enter to the borehole while drilling.
This paper reviews tests and experiments which have been performed by using high frequency ultrasonic caliper sensor in different drilling fluids and wellbore conditions. A fully automated test robot has been designed which allows vertical and lateral movement as well as rotation of a sensor head in an artificial wellbore for performing the test. Results show that, new design of the ultrasonic caliper increases the accuracy of the measurement by recording the sound velocity in downhole condition.
To simulate the kick condition, pressured air was injected while measuring borehole profile to simulate a kick situation. According to the results, with the special design of the tool it is possible to detect the kick while drilling as well as during wellbore diameter measurement procedure in the downhole condition.
Un triangle traductologique
Authors: Ladmiral Jean-René 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The new discipline of translation studies clearly finds itself downstream among humanities and traditional disciplines. Essentially interdisciplinary, this “science” lends those major disciplines a fair amount of its methods and concepts. Within this interdisciplinary concert, history plays a crucial role: history of translation (or history of translations) and history as such. Therefore, a methodological research triangle must integrate the following three components: a) translation studies theory; b) different translation practices that form its object of study and which it is called upon to clarify; c) the poles of the couple theory / practice will be re-situated in the logic of their respective common history.
Mineur de fond ou chirurgien esthétique ? Traducteur et traduction dans Vengeance du traducteur de Brice Matthieussent
Authors: Plassard Freddie 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In the novel Vengeance du traducteur, Brice Matthieussent focuses on the translator-author relationship and tackles the question from the point of view of the translator’s note. The author is eventually murdered by the translator out of revenge, not only in symbolical terms but also in literal terms. A given aesthetics of translation is thereby conveyed, going through stages of appropriation, digestion, transportation and transgression of text and translation rules, which nonetheless does not necessarily reflect the author’s genuine stand, a famous translator himself.
Traduire pour des collections pratiques
Authors: Léchauguette Sophie 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This article analyses the translation of pragmatic texts within the publishing industry. It hopes to shed light on an overlooked area of translation that students find disorientating. In this context, the text becomes perfectible raw material. It is further defined by its inscription within a layout which disrupts its linearity; both facts are going to influence the phrasing of the translation. Their author’s status is discussed because it leads to a reassessment of the notion of fidelity. This article ends with advice for inexperienced translators and with an invitation to go beyond the traditional dualities inherited from literary translation to grasp pragmatic translation.
Dichotomies, trichotomies, quadrichotomies dans la « théorie traductologique » de J.-R. Ladmiral
Authors: Lungu-Badea Georgiana 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this article, we present the guiding lines of Ladmiral’s translation theory: « theorems for translation », dichotomy sourciers - ciblistes, source - target, the methodological triangle and the translation theory rectangle. These are the essential landmarks of international translation theory research.
Pudeur et liberté chez le traducteur Philéas Lebesgue
Authors: Audigier Émilie 
Published: June 2014

Résumé
Philéas Lebesgue (1869-1958), l’un des premiers passeurs de littératures « marginales » en France, transmet en langue française, au début du XXe siècle, des romans et nouvelles d’écrivains brésiliens et écrit de nombreuses chroniques dans des revues littéraires. En quoi son originalité intellectuelle le distingue des autres traducteurs de José de Alencar ou Machado de Assis ? Et comment son rapport à la morale en littérature s’exprime-t-il dans ses traductions ? Nous proposons d’analyser dans un premier temps son parcours d’érudit, que nous éclairerons ensuite par l’analyse d’extraits de ses traductions afin de comprendre ainsi l’usage qu’il fait de la « pudeur » en traduction
Between Pudeur and Falsification: Thoughts on Translating Indecent Language
Authors: Negrescu Dan 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This paper emphasizes the fallaciousness of the concept of “translation decency” and the extent to which this distorts the source text, revealing primarily the translator’s prudery. Such prudery should play no part in translation; the translator needs to convey the author’s intentions even when s/he does not share their ideas. Although I am not afraid of being judged for judging others, I have chosen to use my own translations as examples, for the act of interlinguistic translation is in itself a choice, certainly as faithful to the original as possible.
Phenomenology of Hydrogen Flaking in Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessels*
Authors: De Bruycker Evy , De Vroey Séverine , Huysmans Staf , Stubbe Jacqueline 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Recently, the problem of hydrogen flaking resurfaced, when internal defects were detected in the reactor pressure vessels of two Belgian nuclear power plants. These defects turned out to be hydrogen flakes formed during the fabrication of these pressure vessels. The goal of this publication is to provide important insights into the phenomenon of hydrogen flaking, the different parameters that play a role in the mechanism, as well as the typical morphology and location of these flakes. Therefore an extensive literature study was combined with a detailed metallurgical characterization of a significant number of flakes. Hydrogen flaking is a fabrication problem, which is strongly linked with segregation phenomena. A combination of a sufficient amount of hydrogen, stresses and a sensitive microstructure causes hydrogen flaking. For these reasons hydrogen flakes inside large reactor pressure vessels are found in the so-called ghost lines, which originate from segregation processes during casting.
Effect of Depreciation Expenses on Profitability of Mineral Processing Plants
Authors: Ahmed Hussin A. M. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Depreciation expenses are tax free and thus they affect project profitability. There are different methods for depreciation expenses calculation. Some countries impose a well-defined depreciation method in its taxation system while others do not. Therefore, this paper aims at investigating the effect of the applied depreciation method on the profitability of a Saudi gold processing plant where a strict depreciation schedule of the taxation system is not defined. The study was applied to a Saudi gold mine in the southern part of the kingdom. The plant profitability – expressed by NPV, IRR and PBP was estimated applying different methods of depreciation estimation (straight line method, double declining method, sum of year digits method, and the fixed declining method). The obtained results showed that the plant profitability is highly affected by the method of depreciation calculation. An average change in the plant profitability indices may reach up to 30% due to the method applied for estimation of depreciation expenses. The method that returned the highest plant profitability was the fixed declining method for calculating depreciation (NPV = 95.7 Mw, IRR of 15.4% and PBP of 4.8 year). While using straight line method returned the lowest project profitability (NPV = 76.2 M$, IRR of 11.8% and PBP of 6.4 year).
Effect of ageing time on mechanical properties and tribological behaviour of aluminium hybrid composite
Authors: Radhika N. , Subramanian R. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Aluminium/alumina/graphite hybrid metal matrix composites prepared by using the stir casting technique were heat treated to enhance mechanical properties such as strength, hardness and wear resistance. The present study evaluates the effect of ageing time on the hardness, tensile strength and tribological behaviour of both unreinforced Al-Si10Mg alloy and aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites. Results for composite samples were compared with those of as-cast samples. Results showed that heat treated samples of alloy and composite showed higher hardness, tensile strength and tribological properties compared to both as-cast alloy and composite. Among the different ageing times employed, specimens aged for 4 hours showed maximum mechanical and tribological properties. Investigations of the worn surfaces were carried out using scanning electron microscopy to understand the wear mechanism.
Microstructure and tensile properties of a friction stir welded Al–Mg–Si alloy
Authors: Sukedai Eiichi , Yokoyama Takashi , Song Minghui 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The present paper describes correlations between microstructure and tensile properties of a friction stir (FS) welded Al–Mg–Si alloy (6061–T6 Al). Mechanical tests were performed to determine the hardness and tensile stress–strain properties for the base material and for the nugget (or stirred) zone in the FS weld. The microstructure in the nugget zone was characterized using a weak-beam technique, high-resolution electron microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Reduction of flow stress in the nugget zone was caused by thermal softening of the base material during the friction stir welding (FSW) process. Fine needle-like precipitates, dislocation segments, and fine lattice defects were observed in the base material, while only isolated long dislocations were found in the nugget zone. These results suggest that dynamic recrystallization occurs during FSW. Deterioration of tensile properties in the nugget zone was caused by the annihilation of lattice defects formed during the thermal refining process. The strain-hardening rate of the nugget zone was higher than that of the base material, and this was caused by a simple dislocation multiplication due to the dynamic recrystallization of the base material.
X-ray stress measurement with two-dimensional detector based on Fourier analysis
Authors: Miyazaki Toshiyuki , Sasaki Toshihiko 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
A two-dimensional X-ray diffraction technique for stress measurement is reported. The proposed technique determines the stress from the Fourier series of a Debye–Scherrer ring. This technique does not require sample inclination to several different angles to determine the stress as the conventional sin2 ψ technique does. Although the cos α technique has the same advantage, the proposed technique can also determine stress from an imperfect Debye–Scherrer ring. To measure the effectiveness of the proposed technique, a four-point bending test was performed on a steel specimen to determine the Fourier series of Debye–Scherrer rings. The stresses determined from the Fourier series were consistent with those determined using the cos α technique. The proposed technique is expected to extend the application range of current X-ray stress measurement.
A distributed energy-balance melt model of an alpine debris-covered glacier
Authors: Fyffe Catriona L. , Reid Tim D. , Brock Ben W. , Kirkbride Martin P. , Diolaiuti Guglielmina , Smiraglia Claudio , Diotri Fabrizio 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDistributed energy-balance melt models have rarely been applied to glaciers with extensive supraglacial debris cover. This paper describes the development of a distributed melt model and its application to the debris-covered Miage glacier, western Italian Alps, over two summer seasons. Sub-debris melt rates are calculated using an existing debris energy-balance model (DEB-Model), and melt rates for clean ice, snow and partially debris-covered ice are calculated using standard energy-balance equations. Simulated sub-debris melt rates compare well to ablation stake observations. Melt rates are highest, and most sensitive to air temperature, on areas of dirty, crevassed ice on the middle glacier. Here melt rates are highly spatially variable because the debris thickness and surface type varies markedly. Melt rates are lowest, and least sensitive to air temperature, beneath the thickest debris on the lower glacier. Debris delays and attenuates the melt signal compared to clean ice, with peak melt occurring later in the day with increasing debris thickness. The continuously debris-covered zone consistently provides 30% of total melt throughout the ablation season, with the proportion increasing during cold weather. Sensitivity experiments show that an increase in debris thickness of 0.035 m would offset 18C of atmospheric warming.
Influence of pre-existing microstructure on mechanical properties of marine ice during compression experiments
Authors: Dierckx Marie , Peternell Mark , Schroeder Christian , Tison Jean-Louis 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMarine ice is an important component of ice shelves in Antarctica. It accretes in substantial amounts at weak points and below ice shelves. It is likely to exhibit peculiar rheological properties, which are crucial to understanding its potential role in stabilizing ice-shelf flow. Due to its location and consolidation processes, marine ice can present a variety of textures which are likely to influence its rheological properties. We present a new dataset of unconfined uniaxial compression experiments on folded marine ice samples that have been cut at various angles to the folds. Texture and fabric analyses are described ‘before’ and ‘after’ the deformation experiment. It is shown that, in the given stress configuration, the geometry of the anisotropy controls the rheological behaviour of the marine ice. During secondary creep, folded marine ice is harder to deform than weakly textured ice when compressed parallel or perpendicular to the folds' hinges, while the reverse is true for ice compressed at 45°. The observed range of values for the n exponent in Glen's flow law is between 2.1 and 4.1. Surprisingly, we see that tertiary creep tends to develop at a higher total strain than for randomly oriented impurity-free meteoric ice.
Reporting Practices for Close Call (Near Miss) Reporting Systems
Authors: Craig B , Papillon R , Curry J , Zhu W 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper identifies best practices for reporting close calls (near misses) in the maritime industry. The practices were identified by reviewing approximately 44,000 actual close call reports from 27 data sources. Even though the close call data is provided in a wide variety of formats, the data demonstrates a surprising degree of uniformity in the collection of the close call data and resolution of the close calls with most organizations capturing an incident description and incident resolution. A number of organizations also have formal corporate response feedback mechanism for all incidents. The analysis demonstrates that many features of close call reporting systems discussed in the literature are being implemented in practice including avoiding blame, disseminating close call reports, and developing effective corrective measures. Based on the review of industry practices and industry feedback, a sample close call reporting form and taxonomy for close calls will be developed.