bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing consumers' online shopping in China
Authors: Gong Wen , Stump Rodney L. , Maddox Lynda M. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of the factors influencing Chinese consumers to shop online by exploring the effects of user demographic characteristics and media characteristics on shopping intention.Design/methodology/approachA nationwide online survey of 503 Chinese consumers was carried out to test the proposed conceptual model of online shopping intention using hierarchical regression. The results support most of the proposed hypotheses.FindingsChinese consumers' age, income, education and marital status, and their perceived usefulness are significant predictors of online shopping intention.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should use actual online purchases as the dependent variable and explore the effects of product characteristics, merchants and intermediate characteristics, as well as environmental influences in online shopping behavior.Practical implicationsConsideration of individual differences in explaining Chinese consumers' online buying intention could provide a better understanding of users' adoption of the internet as a shopping and transaction channel, as well as enhance an e‐tailer's market targeting and segmentation effectiveness. E‐marketers should incorporate features that can enhance online shopping efficiency.Originality/valueGiven the tremendous growth of B2C e‐commerce in China, there is a critical need for understanding what drives Chinese consumers to shop online. As one of the few large‐scale empirical studies on Chinese consumers' online shopping behavior, these results will enable e‐marketers to better design their e‐marketing strategies that cater to Chinese consumers' changing needs and lifestyles and improve their online shopping experiences and satisfaction.
Modified amino resins for corrosion prevention in organic coatings
Authors: Salah Aly Emira Hassan , Mostafa Abu‐Ayana Yosreya , Mohammad El‐Sawy Sanaa 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the corrosion protective properties of modified urea and/or thiourea formaldehyde resins for steel surface.Design/methodology/approachThree butyl alcohol modified amino resins were laboratory prepared. The three modified resins were characterized using thermal gravimetric analysis and infrared; the solid content and refractive index of each were also measured.FindingsThe resins that contain both nitrogen and sulphur have excellent corrosion inhibitive activity compared with that containing nitrogen only.Research limitations/implicationsThe modified resins were based on urea formaldehyde resin, mixed urea and thiourea formaldehyde resin and thiourea formaldehyde resin, respectively.Practical implicationsThe prepared resins were introduced in different coating formulations based on short‐oil alkyd resin, medium‐oil alkyd resin and plasticized chlorinated rubber. They were then tested and evaluated for corrosion protection of steel surfaces.Originality/valueAll the prepared resins show promising results for corrosion protection of steel surfaces.
Effect of polypyrrole on the properties of conventional epoxy coatings
Authors: Abhijit S. , Mahanwar Prakash A. , Bambole V.A. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to conduct a real time evaluation of polypyrrole as an anti‐corrosive pigment in epoxy polyamide coating.Design/methodology/approachThis study deals with synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy) by chemical oxidative polymerisation in laboratory conditions. The synthesised PPy was characterised by employing FT‐IR, XRD, SEM and EDX analysis. Epoxy film of bisphenol type hardened with polyamide based curing agent was used as the binder. PPy was used as anti‐corrosive pigment in concentrations varying from 0 to 5 wt% in the coating. In addition to anti‐corrosive property, mechanical, chemical and weathering properties of the coating containing PPy were studied and compared with epoxy polyamide coating without PPy.FindingsThe result obtained through various tests showed that the coating with 1 and 2% PPy exhibited excellent weathering resistance, mechanical properties and improved chemical resistance.Research limitations/implicationsThe anti‐corrosion property of the coating can be tested by means of atmospheric exposure such as Florida test or by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.Practical implicationsThe results find application in anti‐corrosive paints for industrial application.Originality/valueThis research paper presents the results of anti‐corrosion behaviour of PPy in epoxy‐polyamide coating. Based on this result, a highly effective anti‐corrosive coating can be formulated by addition of small percentage of PPy in combination with other conventional pigments, thereby enhancing corrosion protection.
The “learning organisation” and Singapore culture
Authors: Retna Kala S. , Jones Deborah 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore practitioner and post‐colonial perspectives on the implementation of learning organisation theory and practice in a non‐Western setting.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative interpretive study, using in‐depth interviews and participant observation, was conducted in two public organisations in Singapore. The study looked at relationships between the concepts of the learning organisation and of Singapore national culture, as the members of the organisations saw them. This study is presented and then discussed in commentaries from two different perspectives, i.e. the “insider” perspective of a Singaporean practitioner, and the “outsider” perspective of a New Zealand academic using a post‐colonial critique.FindingsThe findings indicate that Western LO practitioners need to pay specific attention to the cultural values expressed by non‐Western organisational members, and to their own cultural limitations and biases which may be embedded in the implementation of LO programmes. This process requires an active dialogue between both parties.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that practitioners need to pay specific attention to the cultural values of employees, and to the cultural assumptions of new management programmes, when adopting Western concepts of management to non‐Western organisations.Originality/valueThis is an empirical study that reveals the particular tensions experienced in two specific non‐Western organisations when LO practice was introduced without explicit exploration of its Western cultural underpinnings. The paper argues that the development of an LO discourse of organisational post‐colonialism can provide a valuable critical framework to examine the global mobilisation of LO concepts.
How does the capability approach address current issues in special educational needs, disability and inclusive education field?
Authors: Norwich Brahm 
Published: August 2013

This paper aims to examine what the capability approach has to offer to the field of special needs and inclusive education. Several key questions are addressed: can the capability approach replace the language of needs and rights; whether the capability approach can address key issues in the field of disabilities and difficulties in education and whether it is possible to avoid the capability approach becoming a promising trend that ends in disappointment? It is concluded that there needs to be an awareness of its incompleteness and so needs integrating with other approaches. Nevertheless, it is argued that the capability approach provides a renewed ethical approach and some conceptual resources to re‐examine issues in the disability and education field.A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: http://youtu.be/E3WwXuK‐jkg.
Is Money Smart When Funds are Young?
Authors: Cho Sungbin , Shin Inseok 
Published: August 2013

AbstractResearchers have explored whether fund flows can predict future fund performance with mixed results. We investigate the smart money effect in light of a rational agent model built on Berk and Green (2004, Journal of Political Economy, 112). When investors infer the managerial abilities of funds from past fund returns, assuming partial adjustment, the model implies that the smart money effect arises for young funds. Employing a Korean monthly dataset, we establish a smart money effect for young funds but not for the whole fund universe. Further analyses, however, indicate that the smart money effect lasts only one month, and is driven by investment flows responding to public information including past fund returns. The additional findings suggest that an alternative explanation based on non‐managerial characteristics, such as price pressure rather than superior managerial performance, cannot be ruled out yet.
Comparative Pharmacokinetics Study after Oral Administration of Geniposide in Normal Rats and Adjuvant‐induced Arthritis Rats by UPLC‐MS/MS
Authors: Li Hui , Wu Hong , Shen Chen , Chen Jin‐Yun , Hu Shun‐Li , Wu Huan 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA simple and rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS) method for quantitative analysis of geniposide (GE) in rat plasma was developed, validated and applied to determine the level of GE in rat plasma after oral administration of GE in adjuvant‐induced arthritis (AA) and normal rats. The investigation showed that there were significant differences in the groups between the normal rat and AA rat in pharmacokinetics parameters, such as the area under the time versus drug concentration curve (AUC (0‐∞)) (3.77 ± 0.68 versus 2.27 ± 0.42, p < 0.05), the apparent volume of distribution (V) (140.41 ± 2.07 versus 136.51 ± 1.03, p < 0.05), the mean residence time (MRT) (3.98 ± 0.90 versus 3.80 ± 0.50, p < 0.05) and the clearance from the total body (CL) (16.10 ± 2.87 versus 26.44 ± 4.94, p < 0.05). The results indicated that AA could alter the pharmacokinetics of the drug and these experimental findings could be useful for the further study of the clinical applications of GE.
The transcriptional programme of the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer
Authors: Lamb Alastair D. , Massie Charlie E. , Neal David E. 
Published: August 2013

The androgen receptor (AR) is essential for normal prostate and prostate cancer cell growth.
AR transcriptional activity is almost always maintained even in hormone relapsed prostate cancer (HRPC) in the absence of normal levels of circulating testosterone.
Current molecular techniques, such as chromatin‐immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP‐seq), have permitted identification of direct AR‐binding sites in cell lines and human tissue with a distinct coordinate network evident in HRPC.
The effectiveness of novel agents, such as abiraterone acetate (suppresses adrenal androgens) or enzalutamide (MDV3100, potent AR antagonist), in treating advanced prostate cancer underlines the on‐going critical role of the AR throughout all stages of the disease.
Persistent AR activity in advanced disease regulates cell cycle activity, steroid biosynthesis and anabolic metabolism in conjunction with regulatory co‐factors, such as the E2F family, c‐Myc and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) transcription factors. Further treatment approaches must target these other factors.
Spawner escapement of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) from the River Erne, Ireland
Authors: McCarthy T. Kieran , Nowak Dariusz , Grennan Jon , Bateman Anne , Conneely Barbara , MacNamara Ruairi 
Published: August 2013

AbstractKnowledge of silver eel production and escapement is essential for conservation of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) stock. Silver eel trap and transport, being undertaken (2009–2012) to mitigate for negative impacts of hydropower on eels in some Irish rivers, was therefore monitored in the River Erne (catchment area 4375 km2). Eel population analyses at an experimental fishing weir involved mark–recapture experiments and sonar (DIDSON) surveys. Silver eel mortality rates at two hydropower stations were assessed by acoustic telemetry. The combined results of these studies enabled estimation of silver eel production and escapement for two migration seasons. For the 2010 season, production and escapement estimates were 42.5 t (1.62 kg·ha−1) and 38.8 t (1.48 kg·ha−1), respectively. For the 2011 season, production and escapement estimates were 44.6 t (1.70 kg·ha−1) and 41.8 t (1.59 kg·ha−1), respectively. Closure of all commercial eel fisheries and initiation of silver eel conservation fishing in 2009 resulted in 9.36, 19.33 and 25.25 t of silver eels being transported downstream of the hydropower dams in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. The protocols developed in this study can be used to test models being used for eel population management in Ireland.
Impacts of a spring heat wave on canopy processes in a northern hardwood forest
Authors: Filewod Ben , Thomas Sean C. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractHeat wave frequency, duration, and intensity are predicted to increase with global warming, but the potential impacts of short‐term high temperature events on forest functioning remain virtually unstudied. We examined canopy processes in a forest in Central Ontario following 3 days of record‐setting high temperatures (31–33 °C) that coincided with the peak in leaf expansion of dominant trees in late May 2010. Leaf area dynamics, leaf morphology, and leaf‐level gas‐exchange were compared to data from prior years of sampling (2002–2008) at the same site, focusing on Acer saccharum Marsh., the dominant tree in the region. Extensive shedding of partially expanded leaves was observed immediately following high temperature days, with A. saccharum losing ca. 25% of total leaf production but subsequently producing an unusual second flush of neoformed leaves. Both leaf losses and subsequent reflushing were highest in the upper canopy; however, retained preformed leaves and neoformed leaves showed reduced size, resulting in an overall decline in end‐of‐season leaf area index of 64% in A. saccharum, and 16% in the entire forest. Saplings showed lower leaf losses, but also a lower capacity to reflush relative to mature trees. Both surviving preformed and neoformed leaves had severely depressed photosynthetic capacity early in the summer of 2010, but largely regained photosynthetic competence by the end of the growing season. These results indicate that even short‐term heat waves can have severe impacts in northern forests, and suggest a particular vulnerability to high temperatures during the spring period of leaf expansion in temperate deciduous forests.
Polymorphism in cathelicidin gene (CAMP) that alters Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF‐1α::ARNT) binding is not associated with tuberculosis
Authors: López Campos G. N. , Velarde Félix J. S. , Sandoval Ramírez L. , Cázares Salazar S. , Corona Nakamura A. L. , Amaya Tapia G. , Prado Montes de Oca E. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryPolymorphisms in the CAMP gene (cathelicidin) have not been tested in tuberculosis susceptibility. We tested polymorphisms rs9844812 (HIF‐1α::ARNT binding site) and rs56122065 (CAMP) plus rs1800972 (DEFB1). SNP rs1800972 was associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in a codominant model (genotype CG, P = 0.037, OR 4.82; 95% CI: 0.92–47.42; statistical power, 82%), but not PTB (P = 0.101) in a Mexican population.
Multipronged CD4+ T‐cell effector and memory responses cooperate to provide potent immunity against respiratory virus
Authors: Strutt Tara M. , McKinstry K. Kai , Marshall Nikki B. , Vong Allen M. , Dutton Richard W. , Swain Susan L. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryOver the last decade, the known spectrum of CD4+ T‐cell effector subsets has become much broader, and it has become clear that there are multiple dimensions by which subsets with a particular cytokine commitment can be further defined, including their stage of differentiation, their location, and, most importantly, their ability to carry out discrete functions. Here, we focus on our studies that highlight the synergy among discrete subsets, especially those defined by helper and cytotoxic function, in mediating viral protection, and on distinctions between CD4+ T‐cell effectors located in spleen, draining lymph node, and in tissue sites of infection. What emerges is a surprising multiplicity of CD4+ T‐cell functions that indicate a large arsenal of mechanisms by which CD4+ T cells act to combat viruses.
Natural killer cells: multifaceted players with key roles in hepatitis C immunity
Authors: Golden‐Mason Lucy , Rosen Hugo R. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryNatural killer cells (NKs) are involved in every stage of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection, from protection against HCV acquisition and resolution in the acute phase to treatment‐induced clearance. In addition to their direct antiviral actions, NKs are involved in the induction and priming of appropriate downstream T‐cell responses. In the setting of chronic HCV, overall NK cell levels are decreased, subset distribution is altered, and changes in NK receptor (NKR) expression have been demonstrated, although the contribution of individual NKRs to viral clearance or persistence remains to be clarified. Enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity accompanied by insufficient interferon‐γ production may promote liver damage in the setting of chronic infection. Treatment‐induced clearance is associated with activation of NK cells, and it will be of interest to monitor NK cell responses to triple therapy. Activated NK cells also have anti‐fibrotic properties, and the same hepatic NK cell populations that are actively involved in control of HCV may also be involved in control of HCV‐associated liver damage. We still have much to learn, in particular: how do liver‐derived NKs influence the outcome of HCV infection? Do NK receptors recognize HCV‐specific components? And, are HCV‐specific memory NK populations generated?
Dual role of commensal bacteria in viral infections
Authors: Wilks Jessica , Beilinson Helen , Golovkina Tatyana V. 
Published: August 2013

SummaryWith our abilities to culture and sequence the commensal bacteria that dwell on and within a host, we can now study the host in its entirety, as a supraorganism that must be navigated by the pathogen invader. At present, the majority of studies have focused on the interaction between the host's microbiota and bacterial pathogens. This is not unwarranted, given that bacterial pathogens must compete with commensal organisms for the limited territory afforded by the host. However, viral pathogens also enter the host through surfaces coated with microbial life and encounter an immune system shaped by this symbiotic community. Therefore, we believe that the microbiota cannot be ignored when examining the interplay between the host and viral pathogens. Here, we review work that details mechanisms by which the microbiota either promotes or inhibits viral replication and virally induced pathogenesis. The impact of the microbitota on viral infection promises to be a new and exciting avenue of investigation, which will ultimately lead to better treatments and preventions of virally induced disease.
Nursing Diagnoses in Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case Study
Authors: Pena Silvana B. , Guimarães Heloísa C. Q. C. P. , Bassoli Sidinéia R. B. , Casarin Santina N. A. , Herdman Trace Heather , de Barros Alba L. B. L. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeThis case study illustrates the use of the nursing process based upon the standardized nursing diagnoses approved by NANDA International (NANDA‐I), and using the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) and the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) in the care of a patient with pemphigus vulgaris (PV).Data SourcesThe published literature on PV and the experience and expertise of the authors in working with people with impaired skin integrity and PV were used to develop this case study.Data SynthesisThe accuracy of nursing diagnoses and appropriateness of the nursing interventions were supported by the positive health outcomes of the patient.ConclusionImpaired skin integrity is a human response diagnosed by nurses, and early treatment is important due to the vulnerability of these patients.Implications for Nursing PracticeThe case study contributes to nursing knowledge for professionals who care for patients with PV.ObjetivoEste estudo de caso ilustra o uso do processo de enfermagem baseado na padronização dos diagnósticos de enfermagem aprovados pela NANDA International (NANDA‐I), e da classificação de resultados de enfermagem (NOC) e da classificação de intervenções de enfermagem (NIC) na assistência ao paciente com penfigo vulgar.Revisão de literaturaAs publicações na literatura sobre penfigo vulgar e a experiência e expertise dos autores na assistência a pessoas com integridade da pele prejudicada e pênfigo vulgar foram utilizadas para o desenvolvimento deste estudo de caso.Análise de dadosA acurácia dos diagnósticos de enfermagem e as intervenções apropriadas foram suportes positivos nos resultados na saúde do paciente.ConclusãoIntegridade da pele prejudicada é uma resposta humana diagnosticada por enfermeiros, e o tratamento precoce é importante devido a vulnerabilidade destes pacientes.Implicações para a prática de enfermagemO estudo de caso contribui para o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem que cuidam de pacientes com pênfigo vulgar.
Mineralogical Evolution of Kaolin‐Based Drinking Water Treatment Waste for Use as Pozzolanic Material. The Effect of Activation Temperature
Authors: Frias Moisés , de la Villa Raquel V. , García Rosario , Sánchez de Rojas María I. , Baloa Trino A. 
Published: August 2013

This study reports on exhaustive scientific research into the influence of the activation temperature of inert waste from drinking water treatment plants for use as supplementary cementing material in cements. The effect of activation temperature on the mineralogy of the reactive products resulting from pozzolanic activity and on the evolution of the hydrated phases formed during the pozzolanic reaction at 28 d of curing was analyzed with the assistance of different instrumental techniques such asX‐ray fluorescence,X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that all the activated products (based on metakaolinite) presented high pozzolanic activity at all ages of the reaction (up to 90 d), although 600°C at 2 h are the recommended ideal activation conditions from an energetic and economic viewpoint. The activation temperature (600°C–900°C for 2 h of retention) plays an important role in the reaction kinetics in activated drinking water waste/Ca(OH)2systems. The hydrated phases identified under these activation conditions were very similar, but with important differences in the crystalline aluminates phases content. Thus, the formation of stratlingite (C2ASH8) is favored at low temperatures (<800°C); whereas at higher temperatures (at 900°C), tetra calcium aluminate hydrate (C4AH13) appears as the only crystalline phase. Finally, this type of treatment of drinking water waste (based on kaolinite) is ideal to obtain future pozzolans based on recycled metakaoline, a product that is currently listed in international standards for the manufacture of commercial cements.