bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgically planned versus histologically measured lateral tumor margins for resection of cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs: 46 cases (2010–2013)
Authors: Risselada Marije , Mathews Kyle G. , Griffith Emily 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Objective—To compare preplanned lateral surgical margins and measured lateral histologic margins for cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) resections in dogs.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Sample—51 biopsy specimens from dogs (n = 46) with MCTs.
Procedures—All canine patients that underwent curative-intent surgical resection of cutaneous or subcutaneous MCTs from January 1, 2010, through June 30, 2013, with complete medical records including signalment, body condition score (BCS), surgery report (with measured surgical margins), and histopathology report were included. The surgically measured tumor margins in each quadrant were grouped and compared with the corresponding histologic margins. Specimens from dogs with truncal MCTs and a BCS of 7 to 9 on a scale from 1 to 9 (ie, high) were compared with those of dogs with a BCS of 4 to 6 to evaluate effect of BCS on tissue margins.
Results—51 specimens were included. Surgically mapped lateral margins differed significantly from histologically reported margins in all 4 quadrants. The mean histologic margins were 35% to 42% smaller than the surgical margins for the combined 51 specimens. A higher BCS did not significantly influence the magnitude of the decrease in lateral margins measured histologically. No significant difference was found for the magnitude of the differences between any of the 4 lateral margins.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of this study suggested that surgical and histologic margins may differ significantly for canine cutaneous and subcutaneous MCTs. This may be a result of tissue shrinkage following excision and fixation, extension of the MCT beyond palpable margins, or both. Histologic measurements may significantly underestimate the tumor-free margins in dogs with cutaneous and subcutaneous MCTs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015;247:184–189)
Prevalence of Syphilis among People living with HIV (PLHIV) attending a tertiary care hospital in coastal south India
Authors: Madi Deepak , Achappa Basavaprabhu , Vernakar Poonam , Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan , Ramapuram John T , Mahalingam Soundarya 
Published: June 2015

Background: Syphilis and HIV are both transmitted sexually so people can be infected with both diseases. Co-infection of syphilis and HIV alters the course of both the diseases. Venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test is a non-treponemal test, used commonly in Antiretroviral Therapy Centres (ART) in India to detect syphilis. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected patients attending a tertiary care hospital using VDRL test. Materials and Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design 113 HIV positive patients were included. VDRL test was used to screen for syphilis. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 11.5. Results: Among the 113 patients screened 69(61%) were males and 44(39%) were females. Majority of the patients had acquired the disease through heterosexual transmission (92.9%). VDRL test was negative in all 113 patients. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of syphilis in coastal South India using VDRL is very less. Specific tests like Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption test (FTA-ABS) or Treponema pallidum hemagglutination Assay (TPHA) would be beneficial to detect asymptomatic syphilis in ART centers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.11623 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 77-79
A study of inducible clindamycin resistance in erythromycin resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus species
Authors: Khan Fatima , Ali Sana , Sultan Asfia , Rizvi Meher , Khatoon Abida , Shukla Indu , Khan Haris M 
Published: June 2015

Introduction: Erythromycin resistant Staphylococcus isolates with inducible resistance appear sensitive to clindamycin in in?vitro sensitivity testing. If clindamycin is used for treatment of such isolates, selection for constitutive mutants may lead to clinical failure. Current study was conducted to detect the presence of inducible clindamycin resistance in erythromycin resistant Staphylococcus isolates by disk diffusion method (D test). To correlate clindamycin resistance phenotypes with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of clindamycin, erythromycin, oxacillin and vancomycin among the isolates. To correlate various resistance phenotypes with methicillin resistance. Material and Methods: 150 non duplicate isolates of Staphylococcus species were identified and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method. MICs were determined using E?test for oxacillin, vancomycin, clindamycin and erythromycin using E?test strips (Himedia) Results: Among 150 staphylococcus clinical isolates, 96 were of S. aureus and 54 were coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS). About 81.2% of the S.aureus isolates and 72.2% of the CONS were found to be methicillin resistant. Inducible clindamycin resistance was found in 39.3% of the isolates, constitutive resistance phenotype in 48% while 12.7% demonstrated MS phenotype. 18% and 11.3% of all the isolates had MICs for clindamycin between 0.01?0.06 μg/ml and 0.06?0.1 respectively. 12.5% had MIC ranging from 4?8 μg/ml while 58% had MIC > 8 μg/ml. Constitutive resistant phenotype (cMLS) was the predominant phenotype in methicillin resistant isolates. MS phenotype was the predominant among MSSA (methicillin sensitive S. aureus) while MSCNS (methicillin sensitive CONS) cMLS (46.7%) predominated. MIC of all erythromycin resistant isolates were ≥ 240 μg/ml. Nearly 16.7% of the cMLS and 57.9% of MS isolates were found to be oxacillin sensitive and 83% of iMLS and 83.3% of MS phenotype isolates were oxacillin resistant on MIC testing. 47.2% of cMLS and 73.6% of MS isolates had MIC ≤ 2 μg/ml for vancomycin and 52.7% of cMLS and 26.3% of MS isolates had MICs in intermediate range for vancomycin. Conclusions: D?testing might help clinicians to decide whether to use clindamycin in Staphylococcal infections when erythromycin resistance is present. Determination of MICs help to identify exact sensitivity profile of isolates in cases where clinical failure occurs due to misleading disk diffusion tests.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.11811 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 48-52
The diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary valve stenosis in children
Authors: Yadav Shiv Kumar 
Published: June 2015

Pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) is a common congenital heart disease, its early diagnosis and treatment can improve growth and prognosis in children with pulmonary valve stenosis. With the development of the diagnostics and treatment, percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) has replaced surgery as the first choice for isolated pulmonary valve stenosis. The article reviews the recent progress in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary valve stenosis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12017Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 1-5
Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in a Rural Area of North India
Authors: Satija Mahesh , Sharma Sarit , Chaudhary Anurag , Kaushal Pushapindra , Girdhar Sangeeta 
Published: June 2015

Background: Infant and young child feeding practices directly affect the nutritional status of children under two years of age and, ultimately, impact child survival. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the WHO infant and child feeding indicators in a rural area of Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in fifteen villages of Ludhiana district under rural health training centre of Department of Community Medicine, Dayan and Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. The data was obtained from mothers/primary caregivers of 813 living children 0-23 months of age group and information about seven core and three optional WHO infant and young child feeding indicators was collected using WHO questionnaire. Prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval were calculated. A Χ2 test and Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% CI was calculated wherever required. Results: Only 56.7% of infants were put to breast within one hour of birth, while three fourths of infants younger than 6 months were exclusively breastfed. About seventy percent of children aged 12-15 months and 54.7% of children 20-23 months continued breastfeeding at 1 & 2 years respectively. Almost all the children born in the last 23 months were ever breastfed. Nearly ninety percent of infants 6-8 months of age were fed with complimentary foods at the recommended daily frequency. Conclusion: To improve breastfeeding practices, health education needs to be strengthened for target population having sub-optimal breastfeeding indicators. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12067Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 60-65
New atherogenic indices: Assessment of cardio vascular risk in post menopausal dyslipidemia
Authors: Ranjit Pusapati Madan , Guntuku Girija Sankar , Pothineni Ramesh Babu 
Published: June 2015

Background: Menopause is the phase of declined ovarian activity and fall in levels of estrogen, usually due to aging and surgical removal of ovaries. Postmenopausal women are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, especially coronary artery atherosclerosis due to elevated levels of plasma lipids. The aim of this study is to observe the relationship between the BMI, anthropometric parameters, lipid profile and determine the role of new atherogenic indices in assessing cardio vascular risk in post menopausal women. Materials and Methods: A total number of 75 female subjects were participated in this study. Selection of study subjects based upon their menopausal status and levels of lipid profile. In which 51 subjects were considered as control group with pre menopausal status and normal lipid profile. The rest of the 24 subjects were considered as cases group with post menopausal status and elevated lipid profiles. Anthropometric measurements and various atherogenic indices like, Castelli’s Risk Index-I (CRI-I), Castelli’s Risk Index-II (CRI-II), TG/HDL-c ratio, atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and Atherogenic Coefficient (AC) were calculated. Results: In our study, elevated levels of lipid profile and higher values of anthropometric measurements were (P<0.01; p<0.001) observed in post menopausal than the pre menopausal women. A positive correlation observed comparison between BMI vs. anthropometric measurements but BMI was not correlated with lipid profile & atherogenic indices. All atherogenic indices were found to be significantly (p<0.001) showed higher values in post menopausal women compared to the pre menopausal women. In post menopausal cases, HDL-c was found to be significantly negatively correlated with atherogenic indices and LDL-c was positively correlated with atherogenic indices like CRI-II. These raised atherogenic ratios were can contribute to estimation the risk of cardio vascular disorders (CVD). Conclusion: These indices are could be used for identifying individual at higher risk of cardiovascular disease in the clinical practices especially, when the absolute values of lipid profile seem normal or higher and not markedly deranged or in centers with insufficient resources.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12209Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 25-32
Erythroderma: A clinico-etiological study of 58 cases in a tertiary hospital of North India
Authors: Shirazi Nadia , Jindal Rashmi , Jain Akanksha , Yadav Kanika , Ahmad Sohaib 
Published: June 2015

Background: Erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis) is a cutaneous reaction pattern characterized by generalized erythema and scaling which can be seen in a wide range of cutaneous or systemic diseases. It is important to establish correct diagnosis whenever possible so that specific therapy may be initiated. The study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical profile and etiology of erythroderma and to correlate clinical diagnosis with histopathological findings. Methods: A retrospective study was done in the Department of Pathology. Fifty eight cases of erythroderma diagnosed clinically in the past 5 years were studied and their epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings were analyzed. Results: The mean age of presentation was 39.3 years and male to female ratio was 3:2. Apart from erythema and scaling that were present in all patients, pruritis (n=40,69%), edema (n=12,20.2%) and fever (n=11,19%) were the most common symptoms at presentation. The most common etiology of exfoliative dermatitis was drug reactions (n=19,32.7%) followed by atopic dermatitis (n=12,20.6%) and erythrodermic psoriasis (n=10,7.2%). Other causes were Mycosis Fungoides, Allergic/Air borne contact dermatitis, Lichen Planus, Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. There was no significant contribution of laboratory data and all the patients were HIV negative. The best clinicopathological correlation (100%) was found in erythrodermic psoriasis and Mycosis Fungoides. Conclusion: Erythroderma often obscures the primary lesion. Clinicians should evaluate all cases of erythroderma by eliciting proper clinical history, taking biopsies and performing other ancillary haematological investigations. Hospitalization may be required as the disease carries risk of significant mortality.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12265Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 20-24
Case report on Ewing's sarcoma with review of literature
Authors: Agrawal Sonam , Rathod Vanita C , Agrawal Pankaj Kumar , Saluja Swati 
Published: June 2015

Ewings sarcoma is a highly malignant primary mesenchymal neoplasm of bone,which was first reported in 1921 by Ewing. The exact cell of origin of Ewing Sarcoma is not known it is generally believed that the lesion arises from either the endothelial cells of the blood vessels within the bone or from the undifferentiated reticulo-endothelial cell. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) arises from mesenchymal stem cells that differentiates along neural cell lineage. Reports of Ewings sarcoma constitute about 10% of all malignant bone tumor. A case of Ewings sarcoma in 10 year old male patient is reported, who visited to Dept of Oral and Maxillo-facial Pathology in Rungta College of Dental Sciences And Research, with chief complaint of pain and swelling in right side of face since 1 month. Early diagnosis of this case helps in selecting the appropriate treatment procedure and to avoid further complication. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12283Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 88-92
Placental malarial parasitaemia and pregnancy outcome among parturients in a tertiary hospital in South- South Nigeria
Authors: Ibanga Godwin J , Abasiattai Aniekan M , Bassey Emem A , Ukpe Michael , Olatunbosun Olujimi A , Ekrikpo Udeme 
Published: June 2015

Background: Malaria is the most common human parasitic disease and continues to be a complex and overwhelming global health problem, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Placental malaria, one of the major features of malaria in pregnancy has been associated with serious adverse health consequences to both the mother and her fetus. Objective: This study sought to determine the prevalence of maternal, cord, and placental malarial parasitaemia at parturition, the association between maternal and placental parasitaemia, and also the association between placental parasitaemia and pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to study 330 pregnant women selected by the systematic random sampling technique as they presented in the labour ward of University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo between April, 2012 and September, 2012. Pre-delivery, maternal peripheral blood was taken for malaria parasite (MP) and packed cell volume (PCV). Post delivery, cord blood was taken for MP and PCV estimation while placental blood was examined for MP. Neonatal demographic and clinical characteristics were also obtained. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. Level of statistical significance was set at P less than 0.05 (P < 0.05). Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.8 ± 4.4 years. The prevalence of maternal, cord, and placental parasitaemia were 30.3%, 14.8% and 18.2% respectively. There was a strong correlation between maternal parasitaemia and placental parasitaemia (rho = 0.75, P< 0.001). Also, a significant linear association between cord parasitaemia and placental malaria (rho = 0.87, p< 0.001) was found. Placental malaria predisposed to low birth weight (OR 1.01{95%CI 1.001 – 1.02}, p = 0.04) and fetal anaemia (OR 1.02{95%CI 1.01 – 1.03}, p < 0.001. Conclusion: There is a relatively high prevalence of placental parasitaemia at parturition. Placental malaria is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight, fetal anaemia and cord parasitaemia. Proven strategies to prevent malaria in pregnancy such as use of ITNs and IPT and free antenatal care should be intensified to curb this deadly but preventable disease.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12401Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 53-59
Sex determination using mastoid process
Authors: Passey Jigyasa , Mishra Suniti R , Singh Rahul , Sushobhna K , Singh Shailendra , Sinha Priyanka 
Published: June 2015

Objective: Osteometric studies using individual bones have been a topic of interest among researchers. Such researches are a tool for conducting studies related to evolution, demographic profiles and forensic sciences. Skull is important in this regard as it resists adverse environmental conditions over time. The mastoid process can thus be used as a marker of sex as well as ancestry of individuals and populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of mastoid process as a tool for sex determination in unidentified skeleton. Materials and Methods: 70 (44 male and 26 female) complete undamaged skulls of known sex were used for the study. Mastoid length was recorded on the right and left mastoid process in each skull. Measurements were made with a digital vernier caliper. Results: Statistics revealed high significance (p<0.0001) for the mastoid length for sex determination. Conclusion: Reports on the use of mastoid process as a tool for sex estimation in unidentified human skeleton have been reported in different populations. The present study supports this finding among the Indian population.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12406 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 93-95
Evaluation of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Singh Rajput Devendra Pratap , Shah Javed Yusuf , Singh Priti , Jain Shyransh 
Published: June 2015

Back ground: In type 2 diabetes mellitus lipid abnormalities are almost the rule. Dyslipidemia has been noted to play an integral role in the pathogenesis and progression of micro and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients. The complications exemplified by renal, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease cause the most morbidity and mortality in this group of patients.Aims and Objectives: This study is aimed at understanding the pattern of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: During two month study period, total 100 patients with diabetes mellitus were evaluated for dyslipidemia. Plasma glucose was estimated by GOD –POD method and Lipid profile by photometry method. Lipid profile was evaluated by investigating the subjects for total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein. In statistical analysis data were analyzed by using various statistical methods like percentage, proportions and tables by using epi info software.Results: Out of 100 patients 72(72%) were males and 28(28%) were females. The mean fasting blood sugar of total patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 158.35mg/dl. in male diabetics, fasting blood sugar level with diabetes mellitus was 157.56mg/dl and in female diabetics it was 159.14mg/dl. The pattern of dyslipidemia in our study showed significantly higher levels of serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, LDL-C in both male and female diabetics and lower levels of HDL-C in female diabetics. There was no significant difference in lipid profile pattern in male and female diabetic patients except lower levels of HDL-C in female diabetic patients. Conclusion: This study showed that dyslipidemia is highly prevalent among type 2 diabetic patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12452Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 16-19
Role of depression and its associating factors in indoor orthopaedic patients
Authors: Jain Ravikant , Rishi Rahul , Sharma Balkishan , Kiyawat Vivek 
Published: June 2015

Background and Objectives: Depression has acknowledged and well documented, is common among orthopaedic inpatients may be associated with functional outcomes. Authors aimed to investigate the role, prevalence and associating factors of depression disorder in orthopaedic inpatients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study is designed among patients that admitted at SAIMS, Indore. Four hundred twenty six orthopedic patients were recruited for study. The demographic and clinical measurements were recorded. Levels of depression were assessed by using Zung’s depression scale. Results: Depressive disorder was identified in 87.6% indoor patients significantly (p<0.001) influenced female more than male. The mean depression score in female (67.37±11.75) was significantly higher than male (62.29±12.20). The prevalence of extreme/major depression in female (46.6%) was higher as compared to male (25.7%). Type of trauma was found significantly (p<0.05) associated with depressive disorder. 38.1% male with traumatic condition and 20.0% with non-traumatic condition had moderate depression in comparison to 31.4% and 13.6% female. Depressive disorder was found significantly associated with sex (p<0.001), socio-economic status (p<0.001), length of ortho-illness (p<0.001), length of stay in hospital (p<0.001), exercise/yoga (p<0.05) and type of injury (p<0.05). Conclusions: Higher incidence of depressive disorder recorded in female. Prevention and treatment require more clinical and research attention to reduce the public health burden of depression. The study suggested that higher depressive disorder does occur in indoor orthopaedic patients that associated with various functional outcomes. This study supports the view of depressive disorder was disabling factor in better functional recovery and frequent in female after orthopedic trauma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12478 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 70-76