bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing buckling strength of stiffened plates as affected by localized initial geometric imperfections
Authors: Mouhat O. , Khamlichi A. , Limam A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractConsidering a stiffened panel made from an elastic homogeneous and isotropic material which suffers a single localized initial geometric imperfection, assessment of the buckling limit state under in-plane uniform axial compression in the direction of stiffeners was performed. Giving a topological configuration of the stiffened plate, focus was aimed at the combined effect resulting from geometrical dimensions and localized defect characteristics. The perfect stiffened plate taken as reference and diverse imperfect stiffened plates suffering a single localized initial geometric defect of the form of a square depression were analyzed in this work. Extensive parametric finite element simulations were performed according to full factorial design of experiment tables that were built on key intervening factors. It was found that the main parameters controlling the buckling stress for the perfect plate are the plate width, then the web height and width, then finally the interaction between plate width and web height. In case of imperfect plates, the most adverse situation was obtained with the defect placed on the intermediate segments of the stiffened plate. A reduction of the buckling stress as low as 56% was reached in this situation. The main factors influencing the buckling load for the imperfect plate differ according to the defect configuration.
Effect of fowl adenovirus on replication of vaccine strain of Marek’s disease virus in chickens
Authors: Niczyporuk Jowita Samanta , Woźniakowski Grzegorz , Samorek-Salamonowicz Elżbieta , Czekaj Hanna 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of field strain, serotype 7 (FAdV-7 JN-5/10), of fowl adenovirus infection on the replication of Rispens/CVI988 strain of Marek’s disease virus. Ninety one-day-old SPF chickens were divided into six groups. The chickens from group I were vaccinated against Marek’s disease (MD) and 24 h later infected with the adenovirus; chickens from group II were vaccinated and infected simultaneously; chickens from group III were infected with the adenovirus and 24 h after the infection vaccinated against MD. The chickens from groups IV-VI were: control of infection (IV), control of vaccination (V), and neither vaccinated nor infected (VI). After 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d post infection, the number of copies of pp38 gene of Rispens strain and hexon gene of FAdV strain was determined in the bursa of Fabricius and liver using real-time PCR. The results indicated that in all cases the replication of Rispens strain was reduced to about 1.0 log10 - 3.5 log10 in chickens infected with the adenovirus and vaccinated against MD compared with the chickens only vaccinated. Sixty-three one-day-old SPF chickens infected with adenovirus and vaccinated against MD were challenged with vv MD virus field strain. The protection index in this experiment was 55.6%-77.8%.
Optimisation and comparison of three PCR procedures for molecular identification of Taenia solium
Authors: Karamon Jacek , Sroka Jacek , Cencek Tomasz , Różycki Mirosław , Chmurzyńska Ewa , Bilska-Zając Ewa , Zdybel Jolanta , Nowak Piotr , Kędzierska Jolanta , Dębiak Piotr 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to optimise selected PCR methods for identification of T. solium, and to compare their effectiveness and usefulness. The investigation concerned three PCR methods described earlier: PCR I (specific to oncospherespecific protein Tso31 gene), PCR II (specific to large subunit rRNA gene), and PCR III (cytochrome c oxidases ubunit 1 gene). Each of them needed optimisation in connection with some changes in the procedures. Among the examined procedures, PCR I was found to be the most useful, requiring the least corrections during optimisation - only a higher concentration of polymerase was necessary. Testing an optimised PCR II method showed strong unspecific reactions with E. granulosus and T. saginata. This method was not considered diagnostically useful in distinguishing T. solium. PCR III method yielded products only when annealing temperature was lowered by 2 C. Under such conditions, there were no unspecific reactions with three others Taenidae parasites; however, annealing at a temperature only 1oC lower generated a distinct unspecific PCR product from T. saginata DNA. Therefore, this method was of limited usefulness. Comparison of the effectiveness of the two selected methods (PCR I and III) in detection of T. solium in successive DNA dilutions showed a large difference between them: in the same DNA sample, PCR I showed positive results in a sample diluted 1:3200, while PCR III failed at dilutions greater than 1:50. The results showed that among the three different methods used in the investigations, the most specific and effective for identification of T. solium was PCR I.
Comparison of tumour morphology and structure from U87 and U118 glioma cells cultured on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane
Authors: Jaworski Sławomir , Sawosz Ewa , Grodzik Marta , Kutwin Marta , Wierzbicki Mateusz , Włodyga Karolina , Jasik Agnieszka , Reichert Michał , Chwalibog Andrè 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The objective of this study was the morphological and structural characterisation of glioblastoma multiforme grown in ovo. Glioma cells U87 and U118 were implanted in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken egg. After 10 days of incubation, tumours were resected for further analyses. Culturing two types of glioblastoma tumours from U87 and U118 cell lines has shown a number of differences in their morphology, histology, and ultrastructure. CAM assay proved to be a useful tool for studying glioblastoma growth. The model provides an excellent alternative to current rodent models and could serve as a preclinical screening assay for anticancer molecules. It might increase the speed and efficacy of the development of new drugs for the treatment of glioblastoma.
Algebraic Methods for Traffic Flow Densities Estimation
Authors: Abouaïssa H. , Iordanova V. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
An estimation approach that allows recovering of the traffic state is proposed in this paper. The method used is based on numerical differentiation, which does not need any integration of differential equations and turns out to be quite robust with respect to perturbations and measurements noises. Numerical simulations, carried-out by using the so-called Cell Transmission Model (CTM) demonstrate the relevance of the proposed on-line estimation scheme.
Absorptive Repetitive Filters with Operators of Generalized Fractional Calculus
Authors: Nikolova Nina , Nikolov Emil 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
: An essentially new class of repetitive fractional disturbance absorptive filters in disturbances absorbing control systems is proposed in the paper. Systematization of the standard repetitive fractional disturbance absorptive filters of this class is suggested. They use rational approximations of the operators for fractional integration in the theory of fractional calculus. The paper discusses the possibilities for repetitive absorbing of the disturbances with integer order filters and with fractional order filters. The results from the comparative analysis of their frequency characteristics are given below.
Application of HPD Model for Predicting Protein Mutations
Authors: Fidanova Stefka 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The proteins are one of the most important part of the organisms. They are complex macromolecules that perform a vital function in all living beings. They are composed of a chain of amino acids. The biological function of a protein is determined by the way it is folded into a specific 3D structure, known as native conformation. The protein folding problem is a fundamental problem in computational molecular biology. The high resolution 3D structure of a protein is the key to the understanding and manipulating of its biochemical and cellular functions. Protein structure could be calculated from knowledge of its sequence and our understanding of the sequence-structure realizations. Various methods have been applied to solve the protein folding problem. In this paper the protein is represented like a sequence over a 3-letter alphabet according to the specific functions of amino acids. After that the folding problem is defined as an optimization problem. Our protein model is multifunctional. It can be used to predict the 3D structure of the protein from its amino acid sequence. The model can predict the changes in the protein folding when several amino acids are mutated. A protein can be constructed by it with the needed 3D folding. In this paper we have concentrated on predicting protein folding changes when some amino acids are mutated.
Hybrid 3D Dynamic Measurement by Particle Swarm Optimization and Photogrammetric Tracking
Authors: Shahbazi M. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
High-accuracy motion modeling in three dimensions via digital images has been increasingly the matter of interest in photogrammetry and computer vision communities. Although accurate sub-pixel image registration techniques are the key elements of measurement, they still demand enhanced intelligence, autonomy, and robustness. In this paper, a new correlationbased technique of stereovision is proposed to perform inter-frame feature tracking, inter-camera image registration, and to measure the 3D state vector of features simultaneously. The developed algorithm is founded on population-based intelligence (particle swarm optimization) and photogrammetric modeling. The proposed technique is mainly aimed at reducing the computational complexities of non-linear optimization methods of digital image registration for deformation measurement, and passing through 2D image correlation to 3D motion modeling. The preliminary results have illustrated the feasibility of this technique to detect and measure sub-millimeter deformations by performing accurate, sub-pixel image registration.
Changes in the photosynthetic efficiency of winter wheat in response to abiotic stress
Authors: Balla Krisztina , Bencze Szilvia , Bónis Péter , Árendás Tamás , Veisz Ottó 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The assessment of heat and drought tolerance is of primary importance in breeding programmes designed to improve heat and drought tolerance in cereals. Three winter wheat varieties grown in controlled growth chambers were exposed to heat (H) and drought (D) stress singly and in combination (H+D). The combined effects of H and D stress were much more severe than those of individual treatments for both physiological and yield parameters during grain filling. The chlorophyll content, effective quantum yield of PSII, net assimilation rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration were greatly reduced by H, D and their interaction. Grain yield decreased to a greater extent (48.3%) in Plainsman V, averaged over the stress treatments, than in Mv Magma (67.8%) and Fatima 2 (53.7%). The least decline was found in grain number, except in Plainsman V. Mv Magma tolerated heat stress better than Fatima 2. In terms of photosynthetic activity, Plainsman V showed better drought tolerance than Mv Magma. The results showed that changes in physiological properties during stress treatment are not always associated with changes in yield parameters, so a combination of methods may be needed to give a more precise picture of the stress tolerance of wheat varieties.
Bevacizumab cured age-related macular degeneration (AMD) via down-regulate TLR2 pathway
Authors: Wang Zhi , Qiao Bao , Li Guo , Li Shi , Wang Li , Dong Ying 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
AMD is the main cause of visual impairment in people over 50 years of age and the most common cause of blindness. In recent years, the use of bevacizumab to treat neovascular AMD has become a preferred treatment in the United States. However, whether bevacozumab is available for RPE or AMD patients is unknown. We firstly indicate that Pam3CSK4 (P3C) activates TLR2 pathway during ARPE-19 apoptosis as determined by western blotting. And then, the expression of MyD88, NF-κB, p-IKK in primary RPE cells from AMD patients is significantly down-regulated after treatment with 50 µg L−1 Bevacizumab. Therefore, our data shows that MyD88 is involved in the TLR2 pathway in ARPE-19 cell apoptosis resulting from Pam3CSK4 (P3C). And more importantly, our findings suggested that Bevacizumab cured age-related macular degeneration (AMD) via down-regulate Toll—like receptor 2 (TLR2) pathway in RPE from AMD patients.
Upper Extremity Strength Measurement for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review of Available Instruments
Authors: Dekkers Koen J.F.M. , Rameckers Eugene A.A. , Smeets Rob J.E.M. , Janssen-Potten Yvonne J.M. 
Published: January 2014

Background
In order to make inferences about strength related to development or treatment interventions, it is important to use measurement instruments that have sound clinimetric properties.

Purpose
The objective of this review is to systematically evaluate the level of evidence of the clinimetric properties of instruments for measuring upper extremity muscle strength at the “body functions & structures” level of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) for children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Data Sources
A systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, OTseeker, CINAHL, PEDro, and MEDLINE databases up to November 2012 was performed.

Study Selection
Two independent raters identified and examined studies that reported the use of upper extremity strength measurement instruments and methods for children and adolescents with CP aged 0 to 18 years.

Data Extraction
The COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments) checklist with 4-point rating scale was used by 2 independent raters to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Best evidence synthesis was performed using COSMIN outcomes and the quality of the clinimetric properties.

Data Synthesis
Six different measurement instruments or methods were identified. Test-retest, interrater, and intrarater reliability were investigated. Two test-retest reliability studies were rated as “fair” for the level of evidence. All other studies were rated as “unknown” for the level of evidence.

Limitations
The paucity of literature describing clinimetric properties, especially other than reliability, of upper limb strength measurement instruments for children with CP was a limitation of the study.

Conclusions
For measuring grip strength, the Jamar dynamometer is recommended. For other muscle groups, handheld dynamometry is recommended. Manual muscle testing (MMT) can be used in case of limited (below MMT grade 4) wrist strength or for total upper limb muscle strength. Based on lacking information regarding other clinimetric properties, caution is advised regarding interpretation of the results.
Lymphoedema Functioning, Disability and Health Questionnaire for Lower Limb Lymphoedema (Lymph-ICF-LL): Reliability and Validity
Authors: Devoogdt Nele , De Groef An , Hendrickx Ad , Damstra Robert , Christiaansen Anke , Geraerts Inge , Vervloesem Nele , Vergote Ignace , Van Kampen Marijke 
Published: January 2014

Background
Patients may develop primary (congenital) or secondary (acquired) lymphedema, causing significant physical and psychosocial problems. To plan treatment for lymphedema and monitor a patient's progress, swelling, and problems in functioning associated with lymphedema development should be assessed at baseline and follow-up.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability (test-retest, internal consistency, and measurement variability) and validity (content and construct) of data obtained with the Lymphoedema Functioning, Disability and Health Questionnaire for Lower Limb Lymphoedema (Lymph-ICF-LL).

Design
This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Methods
The Lymph-ICF-LL is a descriptive, evaluative tool containing 28 questions about impairments in function, activity limitations, and participation restrictions in patients with lower limb lymphedema. The questionnaire has 5 domains: physical function, mental function, general tasks/household activities, mobility activities, and life domains/social life. The reliability and validity of the Lymph-ICF-LL were examined in 30 participants with objective lower limb lymphedema.

Results
Intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability ranged from .69 to .94, and Cronbach alpha coefficients for internal consistency ranged from .82 to .97. Measurement variability was acceptable (standard error of measurement=5.9–12.6). Content validity was good because all questions were understandable for 93% of participants, the scoring system (visual analog scale) was clear, and the questionnaire was comprehensive for 90% of participants. Construct validity was good. All hypotheses for assessing convergent validity and divergent validity were accepted.

Limitations
The known-groups validity and responsiveness of the Dutch Lymph-ICF-LL and the cross-cultural validity of the English version of the Lymph-ICF-LL were not investigated.

Conclusions
The Lymph-ICF-LL is a Dutch questionnaire with evidence of reliability and validity for assessing impairments in function, activity limitations, and participation restrictions in people with primary or secondary lower limb lymphedema.
Association Between Self-efficacy and Participation in Community-Dwelling Manual Wheelchair Users Aged 50 Years or Older
Authors: Sakakibara Brodie M. , Miller William C. , Routhier François , Backman Catherine L. , Eng Janice J. 
Published: January 2014

Background
Self-efficacy with using a wheelchair is an emerging construct in the wheelchair-use literature that may have implications for the participation frequency in social and personal roles of wheelchair users.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the direct and mediated effects of self-efficacy on participation frequency in community-dwelling manual wheelchair users aged 50 years or older.

Design
A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Methods
Participants were community-dwelling wheelchair users (N=124), 50 years of age or older (mean=59.7 years), with at least 6 months of experience with wheelchair use. The Late-Life Disability Instrument, the Wheelchair Use Confidence Scale, the Life-Space Assessment, and the Wheelchair Skills Test–Questionnaire Version measured participation frequency, self-efficacy, life-space mobility, and wheelchair skills, respectively. Multiple regression analyses with bootstrapping were used to investigate the direct and mediated effects. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health was used to guide the analyses.

Results
Self-efficacy was a statistically significant determinant of participation frequency and accounted for 17.2% of the participation variance after controlling for age, number of comorbidities, and social support. The total mediating effect by life-space mobility, wheelchair skills, and perceived participation limitations was statistically significant (point estimate=0.14; bootstrapped 95% confidence interval=0.04, 0.24); however, the specific indirect effect by the wheelchair skills variable did not contribute to the total effect above and beyond the other 2 mediators. The mediated model accounted for 55.0% of the participation variance.

Limitations
Causality cannot be established due to the cross-sectional nature of the data, and the self-report nature of our data from a volunteer sample may be influenced by measurement bias or social desirability, or both.

Conclusion
Self-efficacy directly and indirectly influences the participation frequency in community-dwelling manual wheelchair users aged 50 years or older. Development of interventions to address low self-efficacy is warranted.
The European Commission as a policy entrepreneur in European migration policy making
Authors: Menz Georg 
Published: January 2014

European immigration policy making has often been characterized either as a largely spill-over driven process or as “venue shopping,” a way to escape from the confines of national capitals. This article suggests that success in policy creation hinges crucially on the presence of a policy entrepreneur; while the European Commission faced propitious conditions for acting in this fashion, it did not always manage to do so. Drawing on the creation of key directives on asylum and labor migration as empirical case studies, the argument is developed that only when the European Commission exhibits the core characteristics of successful policy entrepreneurs does it succeed in shaping migration directives. Spanish
La formulación de la política migratoria europea a menudo se ha caracterizado ya sea como un gran proceso conducido por el desborde (“spillover”), o como un lugar de escape (“venue shopping”) de los confines de capitales nacionales. Este artículo sugiere que el éxito en la creación de políticas se basa esencialmente en la presencia de un emprendedor político, y mientras que la Comisión Europea enfrenta condiciones propicias para actuar de esa manera, no siempre logra hacerlo. Sobre la base de la creación de directivas centrales sobre asilo y migración laboral como casos empíricos de estudio, el argumento se desarrolla cuando la Comisión Europea presenta las características esenciales de un emprendedor político y logra éxitos en la conformación de las directivas de migración. French
L'élaboration de la politique migratoire européenne a souvent été caractérisée comme un processus piloté par spillover ou encore comme « venue shopping » d'évasion aux confins des capitales nationales. Cet article suggère que le succès de l'élaboration d'une politique dépend crucialement de la présence d'un entrepreneur politique ; et que, bien que la Commission européenne ait eu des conditions favorables pour agir dans ce sens, elle ne l'a pas toujours fait. S'appuyant sur la création des directives clés en matière d'asile et de la circulation de la main-d'œuvre comme sur des études de cas empiriques, l'argument ici développé montre que ce n'est que lorsque la Commission européenne aura réuni avec succès les qualités de base relatives à l'entrepreneuriat politique qu'elle parviendra à modeler les directives européennes sur la migration
Les Psaumes traduits par Milton : de l’exercice de style au « mythe personnel»
Authors: Pironon Jean 
Published: January 2014

Comme de nombreux prédécesseurs, Milton a adapté ou traduit les Psaumes à trois reprises. Les deux premières adaptations (1624 : Psaumes 114 et 136), sont généralement considérées comme des exercices
effectués par un élève doué à partir du grec des Septantes. Il n’en est pas
de même de ses traductions des Psaumes 80-88 (1648) et 1-8 (1653), dont la thématique, la rhétorique et les images révèlent chez le poète deux visées complémentaires : fidélité sentimentale et idéologique à l’original, et en même temps élaboration d’un style poétique unique, imité de l’hébreu, qui connaîtra son plein développement dans Le Paradis perdu, Samson Agonistes et Le Paradis reconquis. Si complète est l’implication
de Milton dans les psaumes qu’il réécrit que le texte offre de lui-même une image mythique : celle du poète-prophète aveugle, déjà décelée par certains critiques dans Le Paradis perdu. Ce serait là le rôle qu’il
entendrait jouer dans la Nation anglaise réformée. Pour intéressant qu’il soit, ce point de vue doit être nuancé, si l’on ne veut pas tomber dans une
interprétation simplifiante des Psaumes miltoniens.