bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCR2 defines in vivo development and homing of IL-23-driven GM-CSF-producing Th17 cells
Authors: Kara Ervin E. , McKenzie Duncan R. , Bastow Cameron R. , Gregor Carly E. , Fenix Kevin A. , Ogunniyi Abiodun D. , Paton James C. , Mack Matthias , Pombal Diana R. , Seillet Cyrill , Dubois Bénédicte , Liston Adrian , MacDonald Kelli P. A. , Belz Gabrielle T. , Smyth Mark J. , Hill Geoffrey R. , Comerford Iain , McColl Shaun R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIL-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells are critical for host defense against extracellular pathogens but also drive numerous autoimmune diseases. Th17 cells that differ in their inflammatory potential have been described including IL-10-producing Th17 cells that are weak inducers of inflammation and highly inflammatory, IL-23-driven, GM-CSF/IFNγ-producing Th17 cells. However, their distinct developmental requirements, functions and trafficking mechanisms in vivo remain poorly understood. Here we identify a temporally regulated IL-23-dependent switch from CCR6 to CCR2 usage by developing Th17 cells that is critical for pathogenic Th17 cell-driven inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). This switch defines a unique in vivo cell surface signature (CCR6−CCR2+) of GM-CSF/IFNγ-producing Th17 cells in EAE and experimental persistent extracellular bacterial infection, and in humans. Using this signature, we identify an IL-23/IL-1/IFNγ/TNFα/T-bet/Eomesodermin-driven circuit driving GM-CSF/IFNγ-producing Th17 cell formation in vivo. Thus, our data identify a unique cell surface signature, trafficking mechanism and T-cell intrinsic regulators of GM-CSF/IFNγ-producing Th17 cells.
Efficient purification of ethene by an ethane-trapping metal-organic framework
Authors: Liao Pei-Qin , Zhang Wei-Xiong , Zhang Jie-Peng , Chen Xiao-Ming 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSeparating ethene (C2H4) from ethane (C2H6) is of paramount importance and difficulty. Here we show that C2H4 can be efficiently purified by trapping the inert C2H6 in a judiciously designed metal-organic framework. Under ambient conditions, passing a typical cracked gas mixture (15:1 C2H4/C2H6) through 1 litre of this C2H6 selective adsorbent directly produces 56 litres of C2H4 with 99.95%+ purity (required by the C2H4 polymerization reactor) at the outlet, with a single breakthrough operation, while other C2H6 selective materials can only produce ca. ⩽ litre, and conventional C2H4 selective adsorbents require at least four adsorption–desorption cycles to achieve the same C2H4 purity. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction and computational simulation studies showed that the exceptional C2H6 selectivity arises from the proper positioning of multiple electronegative and electropositive functional groups on the ultramicroporous pore surface, which form multiple C–H···N hydrogen bonds with C2H6 instead of the more polar competitor C2H4.
Opposite correlations between cation disordering and amorphization resistance in spinels versus pyrochlores
Authors: Uberuaga Blas Pedro , Tang Ming , Jiang Chao , Valdez James A. , Smith Roger , Wang Yongqiang , Sickafus Kurt E. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUnderstanding and predicting radiation damage evolution in complex materials is crucial for developing next-generation nuclear energy sources. Here, using a combination of ion beam irradiation, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, we show that, contrary to the behaviour observed in pyrochlores, the amorphization resistance of spinel compounds correlates directly with the energy to disorder the structure. Using a combination of atomistic simulation techniques, we ascribe this behaviour to structural defects on the cation sublattice that are present in spinel but not in pyrochlore. Specifically, because of these structural defects, there are kinetic pathways for the relaxation of disorder in spinel that are absent in pyrochlore. This leads to a direct correlation between amorphization resistance and disordering energetics in spinel, the opposite of that observed in pyrochlores. These results provide new insight into the origins of amorphization resistance in complex oxides beyond fluorite derivatives.
Coherent ultrafast spin-dynamics probed in three dimensional topological insulators
Authors: Boschini F. , Mansurova M. , Mussler G. , Kampmeier J. , Grützmacher D. , Braun L. , Katmis F. , Moodera J. S. , Dallera C. , Carpene E. , Franz C. , Czerner M. , Heiliger C. , Kampfrath T. , Münzenberg M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTopological insulators are candidates to open up a novel route in spin based electronics. Different to traditional ferromagnetic materials, where the carrier spin-polarization and magnetization are based on the exchange interaction, the spin properties in topological insulators are based on the coupling of spin- and orbit interaction connected to its momentum. Specific ways to control the spin-polarization with light have been demonstrated: the energy momentum landscape of the Dirac cone provides spin-momentum locking of the charge current and its spin. We investigate a spin-related signal present only during the laser excitation studying real and imaginary part of the complex Kerr angle by disentangling spin and lattice contributions. This coherent signal is only present at the time of the pump-pulses’ light field and can be described in terms of a Raman coherence time. The Raman transition involves states at the bottom edge of the conduction band. We demonstrate a coherent femtosecond control of spin-polarization for electronic states at around the Dirac cone.
Ancient Chinese Formula Qiong-Yu-Gao Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Without Reducing Anti-tumor Activity
Authors: Teng Zhi-Ying , Cheng Xiao-Lan , Cai Xue-Ting , Yang Yang , Sun Xiao-Yan , Xu Jin-Di , Lu Wu-Guang , Chen Jiao , Hu Chun-Ping , Zhou Qian , Wang Xiao-Ning , Li Song-Lin , Cao Peng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCisplatin is a highly effective anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agent; however, its clinical use is severely limited by serious side effects, of which nephrotoxicity is the most important. In this study, we investigated whether Qiong-Yu-Gao (QYG), a popular traditional Chinese medicinal formula described 840 years ago, exhibits protective effects against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity. Using a mouse model of cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction, we observed that pretreatment with QYG attenuated cisplatin-induced elevations in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, ameliorated renal tubular lesions, reduced apoptosis and accelerated tubular cell regeneration. Cisplatin-mediated elevations in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mRNA, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) mRNA and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein in the kidney were also significantly suppressed by QYG treatment. Furthermore, QYG reduced platinum accumulation in the kidney by decreasing the expression of copper transporter 1 and organic cation transporter 2. An in vivo study using implanted Lewis lung cancer cells revealed that concurrent administration of QYG and cisplatin did not alter the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin. Our findings suggest that the traditional Chinese medicinal formula QYG inhibits cisplatin toxicity by several mechanisms that act simultaneously, without compromising its therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, QYG may be useful in the clinic as a protective agent to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Generation of a miniature pig disease model for human Laron syndrome
Authors: Cui Dan , Li Fang , Li Qiuyan , Li Jia , Zhao Yaofeng , Hu Xiaoxiang , Zhang Ran , Li Ning 
Published: October 2015

AbstractLaron syndrome is a rare disease caused by mutations of the growth hormone receptor (GHR), inheriting in an autosomal manner. To better understand the pathogenesis and to develop therapeutics, we generated a miniature pig model for this disease by employing ZFNs to knock out GHR gene. Three types of F0 heterozygous pigs (GHR+/4bp, GHR+/2bp, GHR+/3bp) were obtained and in which no significant phenotypes of Laron syndrome were observed. Prior to breed heterozygous pigs to homozygosity (GHR4bp/4bp), pig GHR transcript with the 4 bp insert was evaluated in vitro and was found to localize to the cytoplasm rather than the membrane. Moreover, this mutated transcript lost most of its signal transduction capability, although it could bind bGH. GHR4bp/4bp pigs showed a small body size and reduced body weight. Biochemically, these pigs exhibited significantly elevated levels of GH and decreased levels of IGF-I. These results resemble the phenotype observed in Laron patients, suggesting that these pigs could serve as an ideal model for Laron syndrome to bridge the gaps between mouse model and human.
Sall1 in renal stromal progenitors non-cell autonomously restricts the excessive expansion of nephron progenitors
Authors: Ohmori Tomoko , Tanigawa Shunsuke , Kaku Yusuke , Fujimura Sayoko , Nishinakamura Ryuichi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe mammalian kidney develops from reciprocal interactions between the metanephric mesenchyme and ureteric bud, the former of which contains nephron progenitors. The third lineage, the stroma, fills up the interstitial space and is derived from distinct progenitors that express the transcription factor Foxd1. We showed previously that deletion of the nuclear factor Sall1 in nephron progenitors leads to their depletion in mice. However, Sall1 is expressed not only in nephron progenitors but also in stromal progenitors. Here we report that specific Sall1 deletion in stromal progenitors leads to aberrant expansion of nephron progenitors, which is in sharp contrast with a nephron progenitor-specific deletion. The mutant mice also exhibited cystic kidneys after birth and died before adulthood. We found that Decorin, which inhibits Bmp-mediated nephron differentiation, was upregulated in the mutant stroma. In contrast, the expression of Fat4, which restricts nephron progenitor expansion, was reduced mildly. Furthermore, the Sall1 protein binds to many stroma-related gene loci, including Decorin and Fat4. Thus, the expression of Sall1 in stromal progenitors restricts the excessive expansion of nephron progenitors in a non-cell autonomous manner and Sall1-mediated regulation of Decorin and Fat4 might at least partially underlie the pathogenesis.
In vivo evidence for an endothelium-dependent mechanism in radiation-induced normal tissue injury
Authors: Rannou Emilie , François Agnès , Toullec Aurore , Guipaud Olivier , Buard Valérie , Tarlet Georges , Mintet Elodie , Jaillet Cyprien , Iruela-Arispe Maria Luisa , Benderitter Marc , Sabourin Jean-Christophe , Milliat Fabien 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe pathophysiological mechanism involved in side effects of radiation therapy and especially the role of the endothelium remains unclear. Previous results showed that plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1 (PAI-1) contributes to radiation-induced intestinal injury and suggested that this role could be driven by an endothelium-dependent mechanism. We investigated whether endothelial-specific PAI-1 deletion could affect radiation-induced intestinal injury. We created a mouse model with a specific deletion of PAI-1 in the endothelium (PAI-1KOendo) by a Cre-LoxP system. In a model of radiation enteropathy, survival and intestinal radiation injury were followed as well as intestinal gene transcriptional profile and inflammatory cells intestinal infiltration. Irradiated PAI-1KOendo mice exhibited increased survival, reduced acute enteritis severity and attenuated late fibrosis compared with irradiated PAI-1flx/flx mice. Double E-cadherin/TUNEL labeling confirmed a reduced epithelial cell apoptosis in irradiated PAI-1KOendo. High-throughput gene expression combined with bioinformatic analyses revealed a putative involvement of macrophages. We observed a decrease in CD68+cells in irradiated intestinal tissues from PAI-1KOendo mice as well as modifications associated with M1/M2 polarization. This work shows that PAI-1 plays a role in radiation-induced intestinal injury by an endothelium-dependent mechanism and demonstrates in vivo that the endothelium is directly involved in the progression of radiation-induced enteritis.
Dual-Modality Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging System for Noninvasive Sentinel Lymph Node Detection in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Garcia-Uribe Alejandro , Erpelding Todd N. , Krumholz Arie , Ke Haixin , Maslov Konstantin , Appleton Catherine , Margenthaler Julie A. , Wang Lihong V. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe detection of regional lymph node metastases is important in cancer staging as it guides the prognosis of the patient and the strategy for treatment. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an accurate, less invasive alternative to axillary lymph node dissection. The sentinel lymph node hypothesis states that the pathological status of the axilla can be accurately predicted by determining the status of the first lymph nodes that drain from the primary tumor. Physicians use radio-labeled sulfur colloid and/or methylene blue dye to identify the SLN, which is most likely to contain metastatic cancer cells. However, the surgical procedure causes morbidity and associated expenses. To overcome these limitations, we developed a dual-modality photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging system to noninvasively detect SLNs based on the accumulation of methylene blue dye. Ultimately, we aim to guide percutaneous needle biopsies and provide a minimally invasive method for axillary staging of breast cancer.
5-Azacytidine modulates interferon regulatory factor 1 in macrophages to exert a cardioprotective effect
Authors: Jeong Hye-yun , Kang Wan Seok , Hong Moon Hwa , Jeong Hae Chang , Shin Myun-Geun , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Yong Sook , Ahn Youngkeun 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMacrophages are actively involved in inflammatory responses during the progression of cardiac injury, including myocardial infarction (MI). A previous study showed that 5-azacytidine (5AZ), a DNA methylation inhibitor, can ameliorate cardiac injury by shifting macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype via iNOS inhibition. Here, we show that the beneficial effect of 5AZ is associated with sumoylation of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) in macrophages. IRF1 is a critical transcription factor for iNOS induction and is antagonized by IRF2. In the stimulated macrophages, IRF1 accumulated in the nucleus without degradation by 5AZ treatment. In animal study, 5AZ administration resulted in significant improvements in cardiac function and fibrosis. IRF1-expressing macrophages were more abundant in the 5AZ-treated MI group than in the PBS-treated MI group. Because sumoylated IRF1 is known to mimic IRF2, we examined the IRF1 sumoylation. Sumoylated IRF1 was resistant to degradation and significantly increased in the 5AZ-treated MI group. Collectively, 5AZ had a protective effect after MI by potentiation of IRF1 sumoylation and is suggested as a novel therapeutic intervention for cardiac repair.
Gap state analysis in electric-field-induced band gap for bilayer graphene
Authors: Kanayama Kaoru , Nagashio Kosuke 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe origin of the low current on/off ratio at room temperature in dual-gated bilayer graphene field-effect transistors is considered to be the variable range hopping in gap states. However, the quantitative estimation of gap states has not been conducted. Here, we report the systematic estimation of the energy gap by both quantum capacitance and transport measurements and the density of states for gap states by the conductance method. An energy gap of ~250 meV is obtained at the maximum displacement field of ~3.1 V/nm, where the current on/off ratio of ~3 × 103 is demonstrated at 20 K. The density of states for the gap states are in the range from the latter half of 1012 to 1013 eV−1cm−2. Although the large amount of gap states at the interface of high-k oxide/bilayer graphene limits the current on/off ratio at present, our results suggest that the reduction of gap states below ~1011 eV−1cm−2 by continual improvement of the gate stack makes bilayer graphene a promising candidate for future nanoelectronic device applications.
Production of reproductively sterile fish by a non-transgenic gene silencing technology
Authors: Wong Ten-Tsao , Zohar Yonathan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe developed a novel bath-immersion technology to produce large numbers of infertile fish. As seafood consumption shifts from fishery harvests towards artificially propagated species, optimization of aquaculture practices will be necessary to maximize food production and minimize ecological impact. Farming infertile fish is the most effective genetic-containment strategy to support the development of environmentally-responsible aquaculture. We discovered that a molecular transporter, Vivo, can effectively carry the Morpholino oligomer (MO) across the chorion, enter the embryo and reach target cells. Vivo-conjugated MO against zebrafish deadend (dnd-MO-Vivo) effectively caused primordial germ cell mis-migration and differentiation into somatic cells, which resulted in generation of infertile fish. Optimal conditions were achieved when embryos, immediately after fertilization, were immersed with dnd-MO-Vivo at the initial concentration of either 60 or 40 μM followed by a lower serially diluted concentration. Under these conditions, 100% induced sterility was achieved even when the total immersion time was reduced from 24 to 5 hours. In 8 independent experiments, 736 adults developed from these conditions were all found to be infertile fish that possessed minimally-developed gonads that lacked any gametes. The results demonstrate that dnd-MO-Vivo bath immersion is an effective strategy to produce infertile fish without introducing transgenic modifications.
The role of East Asian monsoon system in shaping population divergence and dynamics of a constructive desert shrub Reaumuria soongarica
Authors: Yin Hengxia , Yan Xia , Shi Yong , Qian Chaoju , Li Zhonghu , Zhang Wen , Wang Lirong , Li Yi , Li Xiaoze , Chen Guoxiong , Li Xinrong , Nevo Eviatar , Ma Xiao-Fei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBoth of the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and the development of East Asian monsoon system (EAMS) could have comprehensively impacted the formation and evolution of Arid Central Asia (ACA). To understand how desert plants endemic to ACA responded to these two factors, we profiled the historical population dynamics and distribution range shift of a constructive desert shrub Reaumuria soongarica (Tamaricaceae) based on species wide investigation of sequence variation of chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal ITS. Phylogenetic analysis uncovered a deep divergence occurring at ca. 2.96 Mya between the western and eastern lineages of R. soongarica and ecological niche modeling analysis strongly supported that the monsoonal climate could have fragmented its habitats in both glacial and interglacial periods and impelled its intraspecific divergence. Additionally, the population from the east monsoonal zone expanded rapidly, suggesting that the local monsoonal climate significantly impacted its population dynamics. The isolation by distance tests supported strong maternal gene flow along the direction of the East Asian winter monsoon, whose intensification induced the genetic admixture along the latitudinal populations of R. soongarica. Our results presented a new case that the development of EAMS had prominently impacted the intraspecific divergence and population dynamics of this desert plant.
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α is required for hepatic outgrowth via the p53 pathway in zebrafish
Authors: Yuan Hao , Wen Bin , Liu Xiaohui , Gao Ce , Yang Ruimeng , Wang Luxiang , Chen Saijuan , Chen Zhu , de The Hugues , Zhou Jun , Zhu Jun 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/ebpα) is a transcription factor that plays important roles in the regulation of hepatogenesis, adipogenesis and hematopoiesis. Disruption of the C/EBPα gene in mice leads to disturbed liver architecture and neonatal death due to hypoglycemia. However, the precise stages of liver development affected by C/ebpα loss are poorly studied. Using the zebrafish embryo as a model organism, we show that inactivation of the cebpa gene by TALENs results in a small liver phenotype. Further studies reveal that C/ebpα is distinctively required for hepatic outgrowth but not for hepatoblast specification. Lack of C/ebpα leads to enhanced hepatic cell proliferation and subsequent increased cell apoptosis. Additional loss of p53 can largely rescue the hepatic defect in cebpa mutants, suggesting that C/ebpα plays a role in liver growth regulation via the p53 pathway. Thus, our findings for the first time demonstrate a stage-specific role for C/ebpα during liver organogenesis.
Dynamical Buildup of Lasing in Mesoscale Devices
Authors: Wang T. , Puccioni G. P. , Lippi G. L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe classical description of laser field buildup, based on time-averaged photon statistics of Class A lasers, rests on a statistical mixture of coherent and incoherent photons. Here, applying multiple analysis techniques to temporal streams of data acquired in the threshold region of a Class B mesoscale laser, we conclusively show that new physics is involved in the transition: the lasing buildup is controlled by large dynamical spikes, whose number increases as the pump is raised, evolving into an average coherent field, modulated by population dynamics and eventually relaxing to a steady state for sufficiently large photon numbers. These results explain inconsistencies observed in small scale devices. Implications for nanolaser coherence properties, threshold identification and regimes of operation, including new potential applications, are discussed.
PVP-Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis of High-Yielded Bi2Te3 Hexagonal Nanoplates: Application in Passively Q-Switched Fiber Laser
Authors: He Xin , Zhang Hang , Lin Wei , Wei Rongfei , Qiu Jianrong , Zhang Mei , Hu Bin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractHigh-yielded Bi2Te3 hexagonal nanoplates were fabricated via a facile solvothermal method with the assistance of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). Effects of PVP molecular weight and concentration on the morphology and size distribution of the products were illustrated in this study. Molecular weight of PVP is significant for determining the morphology of Bi2Te3. The hexagonal nanoplates with high yield were obtained in the presence of PVP with molecular weight of 40000–45000. The average size and size distribution of Bi2Te3 nanoplates can be slightly varied by controlling concentration of PVP. High-yielded Bi2Te3 nanoplates exhibit characteristics of saturable absorption, identified by open-aperture Z-scan technique. The synthesized Bi2Te3 nanoplates with large saturation intensity of 4.6 GW/cm2 and high modulation depth of 45.95% generated a stable passively Q-switched fiber laser pulse at 1.5 μm. In comparison with recently reported Q-switched fiber lasers utilizing exfoliated Bi2Te3 nanosheets, our passive Q-switching operations could be conducted at a relatively low threshold power of 30.2 mW or a quite high output power of 99.45 mW by tuning the cavity parameters.