bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notching up on the cellular origins of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sirica Alphonse E. , Groszmann Roberto J. , Iwakiri Yasuko , Taddei Tamar H. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract 1

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs) are primary liver tumors with a poor prognosis. The development of effective therapies has been hampered by a limited understanding of the biology of ICCs. Although ICCs exhibit heterogeneity in location, histology, and marker expression, they are currently thought to derive invariably from the cells lining the bile ducts, biliary epithelial cells (BECs), or liver progenitor cells (LPCs). Despite lack of experimental evidence establishing BECs or LPCs as the origin of ICCs, other liver cell types have not been considered. Here we show that ICCs can originate from fully differentiated hepatocytes. Using a mouse model of hepatocyte fate tracing, we found that activated NOTCH and AKT signaling cooperate to convert normal hepatocytes into biliary cells that act as precursors of rapidly progressing, lethal ICCs. Our findings suggest a previously overlooked mechanism of human ICC formation that may be targetable for anti-ICC therapy.

Abstract 2
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary malignancy in the liver. ICC has been classified as a malignant tumor arising from cholangiocytes; however, the co-occurrence of ICC and viral hepatitis suggests that ICC originates in hepatocytes. In order to determine the cellular origin of ICC, we used a mouse model of ICC in which hepatocytes and cholangiocytes were labeled with heritable, cell type–specific reporters. Our studies reveal that ICC is generated by biliary lineage cells derived from hepatocytes, rather than cholangiocytes. Additionally, we found that Notch activation is critical for hepatocyte conversion into biliary lineage cells during the onset of ICC and its subsequent malignancy and progression. These findings will help to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of ICC and to develop therapeutic strategies for this refractory disease.
Tuning Gas‐Diffusion through Dynameric Membranes: Toward Rubbery Organic Frameworks (ROFs)
Authors: Nasr Gihane , Gilles Arnauld , Macron Thomas , Charmette Christophe , Sanchez Jose , Barboiu Mihail 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObtaining high permeability whilst keeping a reasonable selectivity is the most important challenge in the development of membrane systems for gas separation. Satisfactory performance is usually obtained with polymeric membranes through which gas transport is controlled by gas‐diffusivity in glassy polymers and by gas‐solubility in rubbery polymers. During the last decade, important advances in this field have been made possible by molecular control of gas separation properties. The combination or replacement of classical glassy polymers with metal‐organic crystalline frameworks (crystalline MOFs), such as zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) or other zeolites, provides reasonable permeability through the porous networks formed, and high selectivity, due to so‐called ‘selectivity centers’, which interact specifically with the gas molecules. Despite impressive progress, difficulties in obtaining homogeneous, mechanically stable, thin layer MOFs on various supports have been encountered. Given the observed high permeabilities of rubbery polymers and their flexible casting properties, it should be very interesting to build rubbery organic frameworks (ROFs), as alternative materials for gas membrane separation systems. Here we use low macromolecular constituents and dialdehyde core connectors, in order to constitutionally generate ROFs. Distinct from rubbery polymeric membranes, the performance of the ROFs depends univocally on diffusional behaviors of gas molecules through the network. For all gases, a precise molecular composition of linear and star‐type macromonomers generates an optimal free volume for a maximal diffusion through the matrix. These results should initiate new interdisciplinary discussions about highly competitive systems for gas separation, which are constitutionally controlled on a molecular scale.
An effective device design for thermal management of multifinger InGaP/GaAs collector‐up HBTs
Authors: Tseng H. C. , Chen J. Y. , Chou J. H. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYAn effective device structure for thermal management of multifinger InGaP/GaAs collector‐up heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs), compelling active components in high‐efficiency handset power amplifiers, is presented for the first time. From the unique 3‐D thickness‐adjusting numerical analysis, based on a finite element model, the miniaturized device can lead to a greater than 40% reduction in the thickness of plated gold layer. Above all, this is quite different from previous attempts, in which the thermal resistance was reduced by increasing the thickness of plated gold layer. Compared with literature works, the thermally stable design with an innovative heat‐spread configuration shows a 50% reduction in thermal resistance and demonstrates favorable power performance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dispersive TLM Z‐transform model of left‐handed metamaterials
Authors: Asenov Tatjana , Dončov Nebojša , Milovanović Bratislav , Paul John 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, a numerical model of electromagnetic left‐handed metamaterials is proposed. The dispersive properties of these materials are accounted for in the time domain by using the transmission‐line matrix method based on Z‐transforms. The close agreements obtained between the analytic and numerical results verify the validity, accuracy and stability of the approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Albusin B, mass‐produced by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppression system, enhances lipid utilisation and antioxidant capacity in mice
Authors: Hsieh Ya‐Hui , Wang Han‐Tsung , Hsu Jih‐Tay , Chen Ching‐Yi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundAlbusin B (bacteriocin), isolated from Ruminococcus albus 7 and mass‐produced by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression system, has previously been shown to have a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. The present study was focused on the effect of albusin B on lipid metabolism in mice and the potential of albusin B‐expressing yeast product (albusin B) as a food supplement. Forty‐five BALB/c male mice at 6 weeks of age were each orally administered normal saline (control), yeast (0.125 mg kg−1) or albusin B (0.125 mg kg−1) for 14 days and then euthanised.ResultsCompared with the control group, albusin B‐fed mice exhibited decreased body weight and plasma levels of triglycerides and free fatty acids but increased plasma high‐density lipoprotein. Albusin B‐fed mice showed higher mRNA expression of fatty acid oxidation in the ileum, heart and liver than control mice. Compared with the control treatment, both yeast and albusin B treatments caused a decrease in mRNA expression of fatty acid synthesis in the heart and liver. Moreover, albusin B suppressed mRNA levels of lipogenesis in the ileum and liver. Albusin B‐fed mice exhibited more favourable adenosine triphosphate production and antioxidant capacity in the heart and liver. Albusin B treatment led to a significantly lower respiratory quotient than that of the control, whereas yeast treatment did not.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a beneficial effect of albusin B on lipid utilisation and anti‐atherosclerotic and antioxidant capacities in mice. However, more comprehensive studies are required to elucidate the exact mechanism behind the effect of albusin B. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
A 1.4‐Gbps intra‐panel interface with low‐power and low‐EMI schemes for Tablet PC applications
Authors: Lee Dongmyung , Lee Kil‐Hoon , Baek Dong Hoon , Pae Hansu , Lim Jung‐Pil , Choi Young Min , Lee Young Hun , Lee Sun Ik , Lee Jae‐Youl , Nah Kyung‐Suc , Hwang Gyoocheol 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn intra‐panel interface addressing all of the high‐speed, low‐power, and low‐electromagnetic interference (EMI) requirements for tablet personal computer applications is presented. This work proposes an adaptive clock window scheme to achieve 1.4‐Gbps data‐rate. For EMI suppression, data scrambling, horizontal blank period pattern scrambling, and novel clock and data recovery circuit are introduced. Lastly, for power‐saving, the proposed interface dynamically biases source driver's output buffers and employs early charge sharing by controlling the configuration data. For verification, a WQXGA thin‐film transistor liquid crystal display system is implemented with the timing controller and source driver ICs that are fabricated using 65‐nm and 180‐nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processes, respectively. The liquid crystal display system demonstrates maximum operation speed of 1.4 Gbps and suppression of EMI noise in LTE Band‐20 and GSM 850 bands. The proposed power‐saving schemes achieve 4.3% reduction in total power consumption by source driver IC, which reaches about 85% of power consumption by enhanced reduced‐voltage differential signaling interface circuit.
Mild Oxidation of Thiofunctional Polymers to Cytocompatible and Stimuli‐Sensitive Hydrogels and Nanogels
Authors: Singh Smriti , Zilkowski Ilona , Ewald Andrea , Maurell‐Lopez Tobias , Albrecht Krystyna , Möller Martin , Groll Jürgen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNanogels consist of three dimensionally cross‐linked hydrophilic polymer chains and can thus be easily modified through functionalization of the polymeric building blocks, for example to yield stimuli‐sensitive materials. For drug transport and intracellular release, redox‐sensitive systems are especially of interest, as the intracellular space is reductive. In this study, parameters that allow preparation of nanogels with tunable size between 150 and 350 nm are systematically evaluated and identified. Most importantly, a new and mild oxidation catalyst, alloxan, is introduced for the preparation of the nanogels. This broadens the range of possible payloads to more‐sensitive molecules. Particle stability, degradation in cytosolic conditions, and cytocompatibility in concentrations up to 10 mg · mL−1 are demonstrated. magnified image
Burkholderia cenocepacia conditional growth mutant library created by random promoter replacement of essential genes
Authors: Bloodworth Ruhi A. M. , Gislason April S. , Cardona Silvia T. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIdentification of essential genes by construction of conditional knockouts with inducible promoters allows the identification of essential genes and creation of conditional growth (CG) mutants that are then available as genetic tools for further studies. We used large‐scale transposon delivery of the rhamnose‐inducible promoter, PrhaB followed by robotic screening of rhamnose‐dependent growth to construct a genomic library of 106 Burkholderia cenocepacia CG mutants. Transposon insertions were found where PrhaB was in the same orientation of widely conserved, well‐characterized essential genes as well as genes with no previous records of essentiality in other microorganisms. Using previously reported global gene‐expression analyses, we demonstrate that PrhaB can achieve the wide dynamic range of expression levels required for essential genes when the promoter is delivered randomly and mutants with rhamnose‐dependent growth are selected. We also show specific detection of the target of an antibiotic, novobiocin, by enhanced sensitivity of the corresponding CG mutant (PrhaB controlling gyrB expression) within the library. Modulation of gene expression to achieve 30–60% of wild‐type growth created conditions for specific hypersensitivity demonstrating the value of the CG mutant library for chemogenomic experiments. In summary, CG mutants can be obtained on a large scale by random delivery of a tightly regulated inducible promoter into the bacterial chromosome followed by a simple screening for the CG phenotype, without previous information on gene essentiality.
Cell Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: What Next?
Authors: Bjorklund Anders , Kordower Jeffrey H. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe idea to use transplants of dopamine‐producing cells to substitute for the lost midbrain dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD) goes back to the 1970s. In this review we give an overview of the history of cell transplantation in animal models of PD, and summarize the experience gained from the open‐label and placebo‐controlled clinical trials performed so far using intrastriatal transplants of human fetal dopamine neuroblasts. Further development of this therapeutic approach face numerous challenges, for example in the development of protocols that allow generation of fully functional and safe midbrain dopamine neurons from stem cells. Based on recent promising advancements, efforts are now being made to develop standardized and efficient protocols, and adapt these protocols to good laboratory practice (GLP)/good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions, to move this technology closer to clinical translation. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
Compartmentalization Effects on Miniemulsion Polymerization with Oil‐Soluble Initiator
Authors: Costa Cristiane , Timmermann Suzi A. S. , Pinto Jose Carlos , Araujo Pedro H. H. , Sayer Claudia 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA dynamic mathematical model is developed to represent miniemulsion polymerization reactions using oil‐soluble initiator. Both simulation and experimental results show that the evolution of conversion varies with particle diameter and that reactions become slower as the particle size is increased. For each experimental condition, a limiting diameter is obtained, above which the reaction kinetics does not change anymore with the diameter. These results are explained in terms of the compartmentalization of growing radicals during the miniemulsion polymerizations. The evolution of conversion in bulk polymerizations shows that the kinetic behavior above the limiting diameter is similar to the kinetic behavior of bulk reactions. magnified image
MRI analysis of cerebellar and vestibular developmental phenotypes in Gbx2 conditional knockout mice
Authors: Szulc Kamila U. , Nieman Brian J. , Houston Edward J. , Bartelle Benjamin B. , Lerch Jason P. , Joyner Alexandra L. , Turnbull Daniel H. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeOur aim in this study was to apply three‐dimensional MRI methods to analyze early postnatal morphological phenotypes in a Gbx2 conditional knockout (Gbx2‐CKO) mouse that has variable midline deletions in the central cerebellum, reminiscent of many human cerebellar hypoplasia syndromes.MethodsIn vivo three‐dimensional manganese‐enhanced MRI at 100‐µm isotropic resolution was used to visualize mouse brains between postnatal days 3 and 11, when cerebellum morphology undergoes dramatic changes. Deformation‐based morphometry and volumetric analysis of manganese‐enhanced MRI images were used to, respectively, detect and quantify morphological phenotypes in Gbx2‐CKO mice. Ex vivo micro‐MRI was performed after perfusion‐fixation with supplemented gadolinium for higher resolution (50‐µm) analysis.ResultsIn vivo manganese‐enhanced MRI and deformation‐based morphometry correctly identified known cerebellar defects in Gbx2‐CKO mice, and novel phenotypes were discovered in the deep cerebellar nuclei and the vestibulo‐cerebellum, both validated using histology. Ex vivo micro‐MRI revealed subtle phenotypes in both the vestibulo‐cerebellum and the vestibulo‐cochlear organ, providing an interesting example of complementary phenotypes in a sensory organ and its associated brain region.ConclusionThese results show the potential of three‐dimensional MRI for detecting and analyzing developmental defects in mouse models of neurodevelopmental diseases. Magn Reson Med 70:1707–1717, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Whole‐heart coronary MRA with 100% respiratory gating efficiency: Self‐navigated three‐dimensional retrospective image‐based motion correction (TRIM)
Authors: Pang Jianing , Bhat Himanshu , Sharif Behzad , Fan Zhaoyang , Thomson Louise E. J. , LaBounty Troy , Friedman John D. , Min James , Berman Daniel S. , Li Debiao 
Published: February 2013

PurposeTo develop a three‐dimensional retrospective image‐based motion correction technique for whole‐heart coronary MRA with self‐navigation that eliminates both the need to setup a diaphragm navigator and gate the acquisition.MethodsThe proposed technique uses one‐dimensional self‐navigation to track the superior–inferior translation of the heart, with which the acquired three‐dimensional radial k‐space data is segmented into different respiratory bins. Respiratory motion is then estimated in image space using an affine transform model and subsequently this information is used to perform efficient motion correction in k‐space. The performance of the proposed technique on healthy volunteers is compared with the conventional navigator gating approach as well as data binning using diaphragm navigator.ResultsThe proposed method is able to reduce the imaging time to 7.1±0.5 min from 13.9±2.6 min with conventional navigator gating. The scan setup time is reduced as well due to the elimination of the navigator. The proposed method yields excellent image quality comparable with either conventional navigator gating or the navigator binning approach.ConclusionWe have developed a new respiratory motion correction technique for coronary MRA that enables 1 mm3 isotropic resolution and whole‐heart coverage with 7 min of scan time. Further tests on patient population are needed to determine its clinical usage. Magn Reson Med 71:67–74, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On some advanced thermo‐mechanical models for saturated clays
Authors: Hong P. Y. , Pereira J. M. , Tang A. M. , Cui Y. J. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYThis paper aims to evaluate the performance of several recent constitutive models in simulating the thermo‐mechanical behaviour of saturated clays. A classic thermo‐mechanical test on natural Boom Clay, commonly used in constitutive modelling, was first clarified. Different methods commonly used to measure volumetric strain in drained heating tests were then discussed. Model evaluation was performed in terms of thermodynamic and elasto‐plastic requirements. The capability of the models to capture the observed behaviour was assessed on the basis of the experimental evidence. It was shown that all the models provide reasonable predictions of the thermo‐mechanical behaviour of saturated clays. However, each constitutive model has its own limitations or unclear points from the theoretical point of view. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Construction of baselines for VoIP traffic management on open MANs
Authors: Gibeli Luis Henrique , Breda Gean Davis , Miani Rodrigo Sanches , Zarpelão Bruno Bogaz , de Souza Mendes Leonardo 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn the last century, owing to the constant evolution of technologies telecommunication networks have become increasingly robust, being able to support multiple services. These services are part of the heterogeneous network traffic that can be carried through the Internet. Many of these services, including VoIP, are latency sensitive. In other words, this means that their quality depends directly on the network quality of service. Since users tend to become more sensitive with the instability and unavailability of the network, it is important to improve traffic management. A particular type of data that could be used to improve VoIP traffic management is the Internet Protocol Detail Record (IPDR). IPDRs are tickets created by all VoIP call attempts which contain a group of information related to the call history. Because of its full range of information, IPDRs can be used to create VoIP traffic baselines. This paper presents the development of baselines based on IPDRs to support VoIP traffic management in open‐access Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application and evaluation of the method of ellipses for measuring the orientation of long, semi‐flexible fibers
Authors: Hofmann John T. , Vélez‐Garcia Gregorio M. , Baird Donald G. , Whittington Abby R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe method of ellipses (MoE) is a common experimental technique utilized to quantitatively determine the orientation state of a population of rigid fibers within a fiber–polymer composite. In this research, the validity of applying the MoE to long, semi‐flexible fiber systems in which the majority of fibers are flexible is discussed. The components of the orientation tensor were first determined for a composite formed by a homogenous, simple shear field. The minimum acceptable image analysis width, or bin width, for the selected geometry was found to be ∼5.5 mm, or 1.4 times the average fiber length. This modified bin width was then used to determine the orientation at multiple percentages of flow within an injection‐molded, center‐gated disc, and compared to orientation values obtained utilizing the traditional, 0.7‐mm bin width. The results show that the traditional, 0.7‐mm bin width is sufficient for analysis of the center‐gated geometry. This fortuitous result is attributed to the axisymmetric nature of the center‐gated geometry, and the highly transverse fiber alignment seen within the samples, especially at moderate to high percentages of flow. In more complex flows, it is expected that the conventional bin width will not apply. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
A New Application of Charged Aerosol Detection in Liquid Chromatography for the Simultaneous Determination of Polar and Less Polar Ginsenosides in Ginseng Products
Authors: Jia Shaodong , Li Jing , Yunusova Nozimakhonim , Park Jeong Hill , Kwon Sung Won , Lee Jeongmi 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTIntroductionConventional liquid chromatographic methods coupled with ultraviolet or evaporative light scattering detection are not sensitive enough to determine both polar and less polar ginsenosides at low concentrations.ObjectiveTo establish a liquid chromatography–charged aerosol detection method for the simultaneous determination of polar and less polar ginsenosides in a variety of ginseng productsMethodsFourteen polar and less polar ginsenosides were extracted and concentrated by solid phase extraction. These were subsequently baseline‐separated on a conventional reversed‐phase C18‐column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with a simple mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile. Components were then detected by means of charged aerosol detection.ResultsThe method developed allowed the simultaneous determination of six polar ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb, Rd) and eight less polar ginsenosides (Rg6, F4, Rk3, Rh4, Rg3(S), Rg3(R), Rk1, Rg5) in a single chromatographic run. Further, the method was linear (R2 > 0.99), accurate (relative recoveries, 90–112%), and precise (intraday RSD < 5.7% and interday RSD < 10.6%) within the concentration range tested. The method sensitivity was measured in terms of the limit of detection, which ranged from 0.5 to 4.0 µg/mL.ConclusionConcentrations of 14 ginsenosides were determined simultaneously in one homemade red ginseng and 13 commercial ginseng products of different types (liquid and solid samples), and results showed that ginsenoside content varied significantly among the samples tested. The method developed could serve as a useful analytical tool for the quality control of ginseng products. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.