bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Category of Bratteli Diagrams
Authors: Amini Massoud , Elliott George A. , Golestani Nasser 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA category structure for Bratteli diagrams is proposed and a functor from the category of AF algebras to the category of Bratteli diagrams is constructed. Since isomorphism of Bratteli diagrams in this category coincides with Bratteli’s notion of equivalence, we obtain in particular a functorial formulation of Bratteli’s classification of AF algebras (and at the same time, of Glimm’s classification of UHF algebras). It is shown that the three approaches to classification of AF algebras, namely, through Bratteli diagrams, K-theory, and a certain natural abstract classifying category, are essentially the same from a categorical point of view.
Advanced Care Directives: Overcoming the Obstacles
Authors: Allen Sarah Leatherman , Davis Kimberly S. , Rousseau Paul C. , Iverson Patty J. , Mauldin Patrick D. , Moran William P. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
Advanced care directives (ACDs) and end-of-life discussions are important and typically difficult to initiate because of the sensitive nature of the topic and competing clinical priorities. Resident physicians need to have these conversations but often do not in their continuity clinics.

Objective
We implemented a program to (1) increase physician opportunity to discuss end-of-life wishes with their patients, and (2) improve residents' confidence in leading discussions regarding ACDs.

Intervention
A total of 95 residents in an academic outpatient internal medicine resident continuity clinic participated in a formalized curriculum (didactic sessions, simulations, and academic detailing). Clinic workflow alterations prompted the staff to question if patients had an ACD or living will, and then cued residents to discuss these issues with the patients if they did not.

Results
Of the 77% of patients who were asked about ACDs, 74% had no ACD but were interested in discussing this topic. After our intervention, 65% (62 of 95) of our residents reported having at least 1 outpatient discussion with their patients. Residents reported increased confidence directing and discussing advanced care planning with older patients and conducting a family meeting (P &lt; .01).

Conclusions
By delivering a formalized curriculum and creating a clinical environment that supports such discussions, resident physicians had more ACD discussions with their patients and reported increased confidence. When provided information and opportunity, patients consistently expressed interest in talking with their physician about their advanced care wishes.
The Courteous Consult: A CONSULT Card and Training to Improve Resident Consults
Authors: Podolsky Anna , Stern David T. , Peccoralo Lauren 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
Communication and courtesy are important elements of consultations, but there is limited published data about the quality of trainee consults.

Objectives
This study assessed residents' views on consult interactions, evaluated the impact of the consult interactions on patient care, and developed and implemented a pocket card and training on trainee consults.

Methods
We surveyed resident and fellow physicians at Mount Sinai Hospital to assess perceptions, created a CONSULT card that uses a mnemonic for key elements, and developed a training session for how to call consults. We also conducted a consult training session using the CONSULT card as part of orientation in 2011 for all interns. We assessed the acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability of this intervention.

Results
Of 1001 trainees, 403 (40%) responded. Respondents reported that the most important components of calling consults included giving patient name, medical record number, and location (91%), and giving a clear question/reason (89%). Respondents also reported that these behaviors are done consistently for only 64%, and 10% of consults, respectively. Trainees reported that consult interactions affect the timeliness of treatment (62%), timeliness of tests performed (57%), appropriateness of diagnosis (56%), and discharge planning (49%). Approximately 300 interns attended the consult training session, and their feedback demonstrated acceptability and utility of the session.

Conclusions
Trainees believe that consult interactions impact patient care, but important components of the consult call are often missing. Our training and CONSULT card is an acceptable, feasible, and novel training intervention. Once developed, the training session and CONSULT card require minimal faculty time to deliver.
Clinic Design and Continuity in Internal Medicine Resident Clinics: Findings of the Educational Innovations Project Ambulatory Collaborative
Authors: Francis Maureen D. , Wieland Mark L. , Drake Sean , Gwisdalla Keri Lyn , Julian Katherine A. , Nabors Christopher , Pereira Anne , Rosenblum Michael , Smith Amy , Sweet David , Thomas Kris , Varney Andrew , Warm Eric , Wininger David , Francis Mark L. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
Many internal medicine (IM) programs have reorganized their resident continuity clinics to improve trainees' ambulatory experience. Downstream effects on continuity of care and other clinical and educational metrics are unclear.

Methods
This multi-institutional, cross-sectional study included 713 IM residents from 12 programs. Continuity was measured using the usual provider of care method (UPC) and the continuity for physician method (PHY). Three clinic models (traditional, block, and combination) were compared using analysis of covariance. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of practice metrics and clinic model on continuity.

Results
UPC, reflecting continuity from the patient perspective, was significantly different, and was highest in the block model, midrange in combination model, and lowest in the traditional model programs. PHY, reflecting continuity from the perspective of the resident provider, was significantly lower in the block model than in combination and traditional programs. Panel size, ambulatory workload, utilization, number of clinics attended in the study period, and clinic model together accounted for 62% of the variation found in UPC and 26% of the variation found in PHY.

Conclusions
Clinic model appeared to have a significant effect on continuity measured from both the patient and resident perspectives. Continuity requires balance between provider availability and demand for services. Optimizing this balance to maximize resident education, and the health of the population served, will require consideration of relevant local factors and priorities in addition to the clinic model.
Ben Botkin’s FBI File
Authors: Davis Susan G. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A reading of the recently declassified FBI file of prominent folklorist Benjamin A. Botkin suggests that his career was powerfully shaped by government surveillance and the midcentury Red Scares. Botkin’s file reveals connections to cultural experiments that fed into his regional miscellany Folk-Say (1929-32) and his work with the Federal Writers’ Project. Considering the tensions between radicalism and repression in the mid-twentieth century allows new insights into the development of folklore as an American discipline and profession.
From Sorrow to Activism: A Father’s Memorial to His Son Alexander Arredondo, Killed in the U.S. Occupation of Iraq
Authors: Pershing Linda , Bellinger Nishelle Y. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
After his son Alexander was killed in the Iraq War, Carlos Arredondo created a memorial to honor him. Using enlarged photographs, a coffin, and Alex’s military uniform and boots, Arredondo created a portable tribute to his son. The memorial provides him with a way to work through his grief while simultaneously asking viewers to contemplate the consequences of the war. Distinctively shaped by dimensions of race and ethnicity, class, gender, and national identity, the memorial challenges governmental efforts to obfuscate the deaths caused by the U.S. invasion and occupation of Iraq.
Cell Therapy: Early Process Development and Optimization of the Manufacturing Process are Critical to Ensure Viability of the Product, Quality, Consistency and Cost Efficiency
Authors: Karnieli Ohad 
Published: January 2015

In recent years cell therapies have evolved and matured, moving from academia to industry. Scale up of a process is the natural path of any product evolutionary development and maturation, this process not only allows higher manufacturing capacity to meet demands but rather to increases the yields and reduces cost of goods. Cells are living things that react to the environment and conditions in which they grow, therefore process changes should be done as early as possible. The traditional 2D culturing systems can be truly up scaled, therefore there is a need to advance to bioreactors that will influence the product. Additionally, in order to make cell therapy a viable one, the cost of manufacturing is critical. Cost drivers such as media, serum, footprint, human resource and infrastructure must be optimized without changing the cells critical quality attributes. The paper analyze the main cost drivers on the cost of goods and is based on the experience of cell manufacturing in both traditional 2D and three dimensional (3D) bioreactor systems produced in Pluristem therapeutics GMP site. Furthermore, the paper discussed possible process development steps to insure cost efficiency emphasizing the need and benefit of early process development investment.Â Â
An Interactive Computer-Based Circulation System: Design and Development
Authors: Aagaard James S. 
Published: January 2015

An on-line computer-based circulation control system has been installed at the Northwestern University library. Features of the system include self-service book charge, remote terminal inquiry and update, and automatic production of notices for call-ins and books available. Fine notices are also prepared daily and overdue notices weekly. Important considerations in the design of the system were to minimize costs of operation and to include technical services functions eventually. The system operates on a relatively small computer in a multiprogrammed mode.
Analysis of Search Key Retrieval on a Large Bibliographic File
Authors: Guthrie Gerry D. , Slifko Steven D. 
Published: January 2015

Two search keys (4,5 and 3,3) are aMlyzed using a probability formula on a bibliographic file of 857,725 records. Assuming random requests by record permits the creation of a predictive model which more closely approximates the actual behavior of a search and retrieval system as determined by a usage survey.
On-Line and Back at S.F.U.
Authors: Sanderson M. 
Published: January 2015

Simon Fraser University library began operation with an automated circulation system. After deliberation, it mounted the first phase of a two-phase online circulation system. A radically revised loan pol·icy caused the system design and assumptions to be called into question. A cheaper, simpler, and more effective off-line system eventually replaced the on-line system. The systems, fiscal, and administrative implications of this decision are reviewed.
Interpersonal relationships in work of multiprofessional team of family health unit
Authors: Fernandes Helen Nicoletti , Thofehrn Maira Buss , Porto Adrize Rutz , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Jacondino Michelle Barboza , Soares Mariana Rodrigues 
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: Conhecer as relações interpessoais estabelecidas pela equipe multiprofissional em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, realizada em uma unidade básica de saúde localizada em uma cidade de grande porte da região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram do estudo sete profissionais da equipe, cujo os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e após, tratados por análise temática. Resultados: Emergiram três temas nos quais se percebeu a fragilidade nas relações interpessoais na unidade do estudo. Desse modo, foram elencados alguns pontos estratégicos para a consolidação das relações interpessoais saudáveis como a proposta de um ambiente de trabalho dialógico e disponibilidade de espaços para discussões e reuniões de equipe, refletindo na melhora da assistência à saúde da população adscrita. Conclusão: Evidenciam-se a relevância em dar ênfase para os relacionamentos interpessoais e as subjetividades dos profissionais no processo de trabalho.
Complications in renal patients during hemodialysis sessions and nursing interventions
Authors: Costa Romanniny Hévillyn Silva , Dantas Anna Livia de Medeiros , Leite Érida Maria Diniz , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho , Vitor Allyne Fortes , Da Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo 
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: Sintetizar o conhecimento produzido na literatura científica acerca das principais complicações clínicas durante as sessões de hemodiálise e descrever as intervenções de enfermagem conforme a NIC. Método: Revisão integrativa de literatura. Para seleção dos artigos, foram consultadas quatro bases de dados – SCOPUS, CINAHL, PUBMED e LILACS – sendo incluídos cinco artigos. Os estudos se enquadraram no nível 3 de evidência científica, sendo do tipo observacional. Resultados: As principais complicações clínicas durante as sessões de hemodiálise foram: náuseas, vômitos, cãibras, prurido, hipotensão, hipertensão e hipotermia. As intervenções de enfermagem foram: monitoramento hidroeletrolítico, verificação de sinais vitais, administração de medicamentos e orientações ao paciente. Conclusão: As complicações clínicas estão relacionadas à rápida remoção de líquido e à troca de eletrólitos acelerada durante a sessão de hemodiálise. As intervenções levantadas apontam a variedade de possíveis condutas diante dessas complicações.
Decompression melting driving intraplate volcanism in Australia: Evidence from magnetotelluric sounding
Authors: Aivazpourporgou Sahereh , Thiel Stephan , Hayman Patrick C. , Moresi Louis N. , Heinson Graham 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA long‐period magnetotelluric (MT) survey, with 39 sites covering an area of 270 by 150 km, has identified melt within the thinned lithosphere of Pleistocene‐Holocene Newer Volcanics Province (NVP) in southeast Australia, which has been variously attributed to mantle plume activity or edge‐driven mantle convection. Two‐dimensional inversions from the MT array imaged a low‐resistivity anomaly (10–30 Ω m) beneath the NVP at ~40–80 km depth, which is consistent with the presence of ~1.5–4% partial melt in the lithosphere, but inconsistent with elevated iron content, metasomatism products or a hot spot. The conductive zone is located within thin juvenile oceanic mantle lithosphere, which was accreted onto thicker Proterozoic continental mantle lithosphere. We propose that the NVP owes its origin to decompression melting within the asthenosphere, promoted by lithospheric thickness variations in conjunction with rapid shear, where asthenospheric material is drawn by shear flow at a “step” at the base of the lithosphere.
Detecting changes in marine responses to ENSO from 850 to 2100 C.E.: Insights from the ocean carbon cycle
Authors: Keller Kathrin M. , Joos Fortunat , Lehner Flavio , Raible Christoph C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIt is open whether El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) varies under climate change and how potential changes in the marine system are detectable. Here differences in the influence of ENSO on biogeochemical tracers, pH, productivity, and ocean temperature are analyzed in a continuous 850–2100 Common Era (C.E.) simulation with the Community Earth System Model. The modeled variance in ENSO amplitude is significantly higher during the Maunder Minimum cold than during the 21st century warm period. ENSO‐driven anomalies in global air‐sea CO2 flux and marine productivity are two to three times lower, and ocean tracer anomalies are generally weaker in the 21st century. Significant changes are detectable in both surface and subsurface waters and are earlier verifiable and more widespread for carbon cycle tracers than for temperature. This suggests that multitracer observations of both physical and biogeochemical variables would enable an earlier detection of potential changes in marine ENSO responses than temperature‐only data.
On the validation of seismic imaging methods: Finite frequency or ray theory?
Authors: Maceira Monica , Larmat Carene , Porritt Robert W. , Higdon David M. , Rowe Charlotte A. , Allen Richard M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe investigate the merits of the more recently developed finite‐frequency approach to tomography against the more traditional and approximate ray theoretical approach for state of the art seismic models developed for western North America. To this end, we employ the spectral element method to assess the agreement between observations on real data and measurements made on synthetic seismograms predicted by the models under consideration. We check for phase delay agreement as well as waveform cross‐correlation values. Based on statistical analyses on S wave phase delay measurements, finite frequency shows an improvement over ray theory. Random sampling using cross‐correlation values identifies regions where synthetic seismograms computed with ray theory and finite‐frequency models differ the most. Our study suggests that finite‐frequency approaches to seismic imaging exhibit measurable improvement for pronounced low‐velocity anomalies such as mantle plumes.
A spectral clustering search algorithm for predicting shallow landslide size and location
Authors: Bellugi Dino , Milledge David G. , Dietrich William E. , McKean Jim A. , Perron J. Taylor , Sudderth Erik B. , Kazian Brian 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe potential hazard and geomorphic significance of shallow landslides depend on their location and size. Commonly applied one‐dimensional stability models do not include lateral resistances and cannot predict landslide size. Multidimensional models must be applied to specific geometries, which are not known a priori, and testing all possible geometries is computationally prohibitive. We present an efficient deterministic search algorithm based on spectral graph theory and couple it with a multidimensional stability model to predict discrete landslides in applications at scales broader than a single hillslope using gridded spatial data. The algorithm is general, assuming only that instability results when driving forces acting on a cluster of cells exceed the resisting forces on its margins and that clusters behave as rigid blocks with a failure plane at the soil‐bedrock interface. This algorithm recovers predefined clusters of unstable cells of varying shape and size on a synthetic landscape, predicts the size, location, and shape of an observed shallow landslide using field‐measured physical parameters, and is robust to modest changes in input parameters. The search algorithm identifies patches of potential instability within large areas of stable landscape. Within these patches will be many different combinations of cells with a Factor of Safety less than one, suggesting that subtle variations in local conditions (e.g., pore pressure and root strength) may determine the ultimate form and exact location at a specific site. Nonetheless, the tests presented here suggest that the search algorithm enables the prediction of shallow landslide size as well as location across landscapes.
Critical update on 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer science
Authors: Goda Tatsuro , Ishihara Kazuhiko , Miyahara Yuji 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT2‐Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) is a custom methacrylate with a zwitterionic phosphorylcholine moiety on the side chain. In the past 25 years, MPC has been used as a building block for a wide range of polymeric biomaterials because of its excellent resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and blood coagulation. Recently, MPC polymers with specific features have been used in bioengineering and nanomedicine. This review focuses on three topics that highlight the latest findings on MPC polymers, that is, specific recognition of C‐reactive protein (CRP), cell‐membrane‐penetration abilities, and lubrication properties. These developments will extend the applications of this biomimetic material from bioinert polymers to biosensing, CRP inhibitors, prodrug carriers, subcellular bioimaging, cell manipulation, and joint replacement. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41766.
Strategies for improving diagnostic accuracy of biliary strictures
Authors: Salomao Marcela , Gonda Tamas A. , Margolskee Elizabeth , Eguia Vasco , Remotti Helen , Poneros John M. , Sethi Amrita , Saqi Anjali 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUNDBrush cytology is the initial intervention when evaluating biliary strictures. Biliary brush cytology is known for its low sensitivity (but high specificity) and may be accompanied by biopsies and/or fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to improve diagnostic yield. This study aimed to identify features to enhance cytological sensitivity, and assess which sampling method(s) improve identification of pancreatobiliary adenocarcinomas (PBCa).METHODSSeventy‐three biliary stricture cases were retrieved (38 PBCa and 35 control benign strictures). Biliary brushings, FISH, and biopsies were reviewed. Cytology specimens were evaluated for cellularity and presence of drunken honeycomb (DH), loosely cohesive clusters of round cells (LCCRC), large atypical cells with foamy cytoplasm (LACF), and single vacuolated malignant cells (SCs). Biopsies were examined for the presence of stromal invasion (SI).RESULTSBiliary brushings were scantly cellular in 47.4% of PBCa and 51.4% of controls, resulting in 69.6% nondiagnostic/false‐negative cytology diagnoses. DH, LACF, and SCs were significantly associated with adenocarcinoma (P < .00001, .0033, and .00002, respectively). By univariate analysis, SCs and LACF were predictors of malignancy in brushings (P = .0002 and .05). By multivariate analysis, only SCs were predictive of malignancy (P = .002). SI facilitated the diagnosis in 9 biopsies. Sensitivity/specificity of brush cytology, FISH, and biopsy were 39.5%/94.3%, 63.9%/94.3%, and 84.2%/100%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe low sensitivity of biliary brushings results from limited cellularity. Identification of LACF, DH, and SCs improves sensitivity. Sampling of stromal tissue may facilitate PBCa diagnosis. Concurrent biopsies and FISH are helpful in enhancing the diagnostic yield of PBCa. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015;123:244–252. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Assessing reparability: simple tools for estimation of costs and performance loss of earthquake damaged reinforced concrete buildings
Authors: Polese Maria , Di Ludovico Marco , Marcolini Marco , Prota Andrea , Manfredi Gaetano 
Published: January 2015

SummaryTools for assessing building reparability via the estimation of expected performance loss (PL) and associated costs for repair of existing RC building classes damaged by an earthquake are presented. The assessment approach relies on the availability of a number of suitably developed: (i) capacity curves for representative building classes; (ii) curves relating global ductility demand μ to the expected PL for the same classes; and (iii) PL–cost for repair relationship calibrated on database collecting cost data of more than 2300 buildings damaged after 2009 L'Aquila earthquake. The tools are developed applying a simplified procedure involving the simulated design of existing building classes, the assumption of predefined collapse mechanism types and the analyses of the seismic behavior of equivalent SDOF systems representative of ‘intact’ and ‘damaged’ structures after an earthquake. The use of these tools may give useful preliminary indications to decision makers for establishing reparability priorities in the aftermath of damaging earthquakes or to insurance companies to value sound insurance premium for existing building classes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.