bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Lived Experience of Cardiac Arrest Survivors
Authors: El Hussein Mohamed Toufic , Dhaliwal Simreen , Hakkola Jonah 
Published: July 2024

Background
Survival rates after cardiac arrest have steadily increased over the past few decades because of the adoption of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, public access to automated external defibrillators, and an increase in public education on how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The lived experiences of post–cardiac arrest survival have been underexplored. The themes that resulted from the analysis in this scoping review can inform clinical practice and propose strategies to improve the patients' quality of life.

Objective
The objective of this scoping review was to map out qualitative literature that explores the lived experience of individuals who have survived cardiac arrest.

Method
In this scoping review, the authors examined peer-reviewed qualitative studies identified in the PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE databases. Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for conducting a scoping study was followed.

Results
The search yielded 174 articles, with 16 meeting inclusion criteria for this scoping review. Initially, 14 articles were selected, and 2 additional articles were identified through references. Themes extracted from these 16 articles include the need for support and information, emotional challenges, and acceptance of a new reality.

Conclusion
Cardiac arrest survivors often experience loss of control, vulnerability, and insecurity. These emotional changes can be significant and may include physical challenges, cognitive impairments, and psychological distress, which can cause individuals to reevaluate their perspectives on life and accept a new reality, potentially leading to changes in their future outlook.
The Effects of Conservative Treatment on Geometric Morphology of the Spine and Thoracic Cage in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A 1-Year Follow-up
Authors: Yağci Gözde , Apaydın Zilan Bazancir , Erbahceci Fatih 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The thoracic cage has a direct relation with the spine and thereby scoliosis affects spinal morphology. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of a 1-year conservative treatment on the geometric morphology of the spine and thoracic cage in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods
Thirty-six patients with AIS were assessed retrospectively for the initiation of conservative treatment and at 1-year follow-up. Patients were divided into two groups based on the intervention method: exercises-only group (ExG) and brace plus exercises group (BrG). The posteroanterior and lateral radiograph of each patient were measured in terms of spinal morphology including coronal, sagittal, transverse spinal, and thoracic cage parameters. Besides, the success rate of the conservative treatment was recorded by the sum of the stabilization and correction of each patient.

Results
No significant difference was found in the thoracic dimensions, thoracic geometry, and coronal and transverse plane parameters in ExG group (P > 0.05). The spine height increased (P = 0.006), whereas other parameters did not change (P > 0.05) in BrG. Lumbar lordosis decreased in ExG group (P = 0.025). The total success rate of the conservative treatment in AIS patients was 75%. The success rate of ExG and BrG was 68.4% and 82.4%, respectively.

Conclusions
The conservative treatment including both bracing and exercise seems to provide an additional elongation over the spine height without causing a negative effect in the spine and thoracic cage geometry in AIS.

Clinical Relevance
Bracing and exercise treatment do not have a negative impact on thoracic cage geometry in AIS.
The Effects of Cycle Ergometer Versus Treadmill Exercise Stress Testing on QTc Interval Prolongation in Patients With Long QT Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Harvey Audrey , Curnier Daniel , Dodin Philippe , Jacquemet Vincent , Caru Maxime 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
The safest and most effective exercise stress tests (EST) modalities for long QT syndrome (LQTS) are currently unknown. The main objective was to explore the effects of EST on the corrected QT interval (QTc) in patients with LQTS, and to compare the effects of different EST modalities (cycle ergometer vs treadmill).

Data Sources:
Systematic searches were performed in September 2022 in accordance with the PRISMA statement through PubMed, Medline, EBM Reviews, Embase, and Web of Science.

Main Results:
A total of 1728 patients with LQTS, whether congenital or acquired, without any age restrictions (pediatric age ≤18 years and adult age >19 years), and 2437 control subjects were included in the 49 studies. The QT interval data were available for 15 studies. Our analyses showed that the QT interval prolonged in a similar manner using either a cycle ergometer or a treadmill (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.89 [95% CI, 1.07-2.71] vs SMD = 1.46 [95% CI, 0.78-2.14], respectively). Therefore, it seems that either modality may be used to evaluate patients with LQTS.

Conclusions:
The methodology for the measurement of the QT interval was very heterogeneous between studies, which inevitably influenced the quality of the analyses. Hence, researchers should proceed with caution when exploring and interpreting data in the field of exercise and LQTS.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding medical waste management among operation room personnel in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Bizuneh Yosef Belay , Ferede Yonas Admasu , Berhe Yophtahe Woldegerima , Alemu Wudie Mekonnen , Zeleke Tadael Gudayu 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Medical waste management (MWM) is of concern to the medical and surgical communities in the hospital. Adequate knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the management of healthcare waste are important for the proper handling and disposal by physicians and healthcare workers.

Objective:
The aim of this study was an assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding medical waste management among operation room personnel in a tertiary hospital.

Methods:
This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted at a single-center government Comprehensive Specialized Hospital operation room from 1–30 September 2022. All specialty operation room healthcare personnel consenting to cooperate and participate were included in the study. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. The results were presented in texts, tables and graphs.

Results:
From 130 operation room personnel, the results revealed that the majority of the total respondents were male (83.1%). Only 30 (23.1%) of the respondents were involved in training, whereas 100 (76.9%) of the study participants have not participated in training. It was found that 86 (66.2%) of the respondents had good knowledge, 113 (86.9%) of the respondents had a good attitude, and 27 (20.8%) of the respondents had good practice.

Conclusion and recommendation:
The authors’ study reveals that the majority of study participants have a moderate level of knowledge, a good level of attitude, and poor levels of practice, according to Bloom’s cut-off point. The institution should more fully implement the training for operation room personnel to improve their level of knowledge and practice of medical waste management.
Efficacy and outcomes of BCG re-vaccination in COVID-19: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jain Hritvik , Odat Ramez M. , Hussein Ayham Mohammad , Dey Debankur , Ahmed Mushood , Jain Jyoti , Goyal Aman , Ratnani Tanya , Idrees Muhammad , Prajjwal Priyadarshi , Passey Siddhant , Yadav Rukesh 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine has a beneficial “off-target” effect that offers heterologous protection against respiratory tract infections by inducing trained immunity. The need for producing antigen-specific COVID-19 vaccines leads to delays in vaccine administration. Current randomized controlled trials (RCTs) report conflicting data on BCG’s efficacy in COVID-19 infection.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using major bibliographic databases to identify RCTs evaluating the outcomes of BCG re-vaccination in COVID-19. For dichotomous outcomes, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were pooled using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. Statistical significance was set at P less than 0.05.

Results:
Thirteen RCTs with 13 939 participants (7004 in the BCG re-vaccination group and 6935 in the placebo group) were included. BCG re-vaccination did not lead to a statistically significant difference in the incidence of COVID-19 infection [OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.19; P=0.56], COVID-19-related hospitalizations [OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.72; P=0.58), ICU admissions [OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.13, 1.46; P=0.18], or mortality [OR: 0.67; 95% CI 0.15, 3.04; P=0.60]. For safety outcomes, BCG re-vaccination led to a significant increase in the local injection site complications [OR: 99.79; 95% CI: 31.04, 320.80; P<0.00001], however, the risk of serious adverse events was similar [OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.67; P=0.33].

Conclusions:
BCG re-vaccination does not decrease the incidence of COVID-19 infection, COVID-19-related hospitalizations, ICU admissions, COVID-19-related mortality, and serious adverse events; however, it leads to a rise in local injection site complications. Caution should be exercised when overstating BCG’s efficacy in COVID-19 prevention.
Suicide by an Electric Power Drill and Spade Drill Bit
Authors: Watkins Trevor , Milne Nathan , Ong Beng Beng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Self-inflicted penetrating brain injuries with drills have been reported but are uncommon and typically involve the use of conventional drill bits. We report an unusual case of a 56-year-old man with a history of psychiatric illness who completed suicide using an electric drill and spade-type drill bit. Multiple superficial scalp and deeper bony injuries were sustained, although without breach of the dura, and death was not from brain injury, but secondary to venous air embolism related to entrainment of air into diploic vessels.
Deep Learning Reconstruction of Accelerated MRI: False-Positive Cartilage Delamination Inserted in MRI Arthrography Under Traction
Authors: Bosbach Wolfram A. , Merdes Kim Carolin , Jung Bernd , Montazeri Elham , Anderson Suzanne , Mitrakovic Milena , Daneshvar Keivan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
The radiological imaging industry is developing and starting to offer a range of novel artificial intelligence software solutions for clinical radiology. Deep learning reconstruction of magnetic resonance imaging data seems to allow for the acceleration and undersampling of imaging data. Resulting reduced acquisition times would lead to greater machine utility and to greater cost-efficiency of machine operations.

Materials and Methods:
Our case shows images from magnetic resonance arthrography under traction of the right hip joint from a 30-year-old, otherwise healthy, male patient.

Results:
The undersampled image data when reconstructed by a deep learning tool can contain false-positive cartilage delamination and false-positive diffuse cartilage defects.

Conclusions:
In the future, precision of this novel technology will have to be put to thorough testing. Bias of systems, in particular created by the choice of training data, will have to be part of those assessments.
METABOLIC AND BIOENERGETIC ALTERATIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INFECTION SUSCEPTIBILITY IN SURVIVORS OF SEVERE TRAUMA: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors: Smith Samuel R. , Becker Eugene J. , Bone Nathaniel B. , Kerby Jeffrey D. , Nowak Joanna I. , Tadié Jean-Marc , Darley-Usmar Victor M. , Pittet Jean-Francois , Zmijewski Jaroslaw W. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: Trauma and blood loss are frequently associated with organ failure, immune dysfunction, and a high risk of secondary bacterial lung infections. We aim to test if plasma metabolomic flux and monocyte bioenergetics are altered in association with trauma and related secondary infections. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from trauma patients at three time points: days 0, 3, and 7 postadmission. Metabolites (140) were measured in plasma from trauma survivors (n = 24) and healthy control individuals (HC, n = 10). Further analysis within the trauma cohort included subsets of trauma/infection-negative (TIneg, n = 12) and trauma/infection-positive patients (TIpos, n = 12). The bioenergetic profile in monocytes was determined using mitochondrial and glycolytic stress tests. Results: In the trauma cohort, significant alterations were observed in 29 metabolites directly affecting 11 major metabolic pathways, while 34 metabolite alterations affected 8 pathways in 9, versus TIneg patients. The most altered metabolic pathways included protein synthesis, the urea cycle/arginine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan biosynthesis, and carnitine compound family. In monocytes from trauma patients, reduced mitochondrial indices and loss of glycolytic plasticity were consistent with an altered profile of plasma metabolites in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis. Conclusions: Our study highlights that the metabolic profile is significantly and persistently affected by trauma and related infections. Among trauma survivors, metabolic alterations in plasma were associated with reduced monocyte bioenergetics. These exploratory findings establish a groundwork for future clinical studies aimed at enhancing our understanding of the interplay between metabolic/bioenergetic alterations associated with trauma and secondary bacterial infections.
PREDICTION OF TIME TO HEMODYNAMIC STABILIZATION OF UNSTABLE INJURED PATIENT ENCOUNTERS USING ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD DATA
Authors: Carroll Allison , Garg Ravi , Furmanchuk Alona , Lundberg Alexander , Silver Casey M. , Adams James , Moklyak Yuriy , Tomasik Thomas , Slocum John , Holl Jane , Shapiro Michael , Kong Nan , Andrei Adin-Cristian , Kho Abel , Stey Anne M. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: This study sought to predict time to patient hemodynamic stabilization during trauma resuscitations of hypotensive patient encounters using electronic medical record (EMR) data. Methods: This observational cohort study leveraged EMR data from a nine-hospital academic system composed of Level I, Level II, and nontrauma centers. Injured, hemodynamically unstable (initial systolic blood pressure, <90 mm Hg) emergency encounters from 2015 to 2020 were identified. Stabilization was defined as documented subsequent systolic blood pressure of >90 mm Hg. We predicted time to stabilization testing random forests, gradient boosting, and ensembles using patient, injury, treatment, EPIC Trauma Narrator, and hospital features from the first 4 hours of care. Results: Of 177,127 encounters, 1,347 (0.8%) arrived hemodynamically unstable; 168 (12.5%) presented to Level I trauma centers, 853 (63.3%) to Level II, and 326 (24.2%) to nontrauma centers. Of those, 747 (55.5%) were stabilized with a median of 50 min (interquartile range, 21–101 min). Stabilization was documented in 94.6% of unstable patient encounters at Level I, 57.6% at Level II, and 29.8% at nontrauma centers (P < 0.001). Time to stabilization was predicted with a C-index of 0.80. The most predictive features were EPIC Trauma Narrator measures, documented patient arrival, provider examination, and disposition decision. In-hospital mortality was highest at Level I, 3.0% vs. 1.2% at Level II, and 0.3% at nontrauma centers (P < 0.001). Importantly, nontrauma centers had the highest retriage rate to another acute care hospital (12.0%) compared to Level II centers (4.0%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Time to stabilization of unstable injured patients can be predicted with EMR data.
Assessment and management of post-surgical pain in adult patients undergoing thoracic surgery: a best practice implementation project
Authors: González de la Cuesta Delia , González María Esther , López Ibort Nieves , Lahuerta Martínez Ana Carmen , de la Torre Arrieta Isabel , Martínez Mompel Ana Sofía , Martín Ramo M Pilar , Belsue Cortés Eva , Monge Nieto Mariana , Cayón Geli Cristina , Ferrando Margeli Mercedes Nuria 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction and objectives:
Effectiv. e management of post-operative pain improves the condition of patients and reduces their hospital stay. This, in turn, has an impact on caregivers, professionals, and institutions and, as such, is considered a primary indicator of quality. The aim of this project was to improve the assessment and management of post-surgical pain in thoracic surgery patients.

Methods:
This implementation project was conducted in a thoracic surgery unit of a tertiary hospital in Spain. The project was guided by the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework, which is grounded in an audit, feedback, and re-audit strategy. A baseline audit was conducted with 44 patients, and barriers to best practice were identified. Strategies were then implemented to improve the assessment and management of post-operative pain. Three follow-up audits were performed using nine audit criteria with 34, 40, and 46 patients, respectively.

Results:
The baseline audit revealed poor compliance with best practices. After implementing strategies to address areas of non-compliance, health education for patients and caregivers improved up to 80%, while the measurement of pain upon admission and post-surgery rose to 91%. However, patients undergoing pre-operative assessment to guide their post-operative pain management at hospital discharge remained below 50%.

Conclusions:
Using a methodology to implement best practices, together with clinical audits, improved compliance with the use of validated scales to assess and manage pain. A multidisciplinary approach improves the quality of care received by patients and contributes to their recovery.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A240
Mild neonatal hypoxia disrupts adult hippocampal learning and memory and is associated with CK2-mediated dysregulation of synaptic calcium-activated potassium channel KCNN2
Authors: Riddle Art , Srivastava Taasin , Wang Kang , Tellez Eduardo , O’Neill Hanna , Gong Xi , O’Niel Abigail , Bell Jaden A , Raber Jacob , Lattal Matthew , Maylie James , Back Stephen A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveAlthough nearly half of preterm survivors display persistent neurobehavioral dysfunction including memory impairment without overt gray matter injury, the underlying mechanisms of neuronal or glial dysfunction, and their relationship to commonly observed cerebral white matter injury are unclear. We developed a mouse model to test the hypothesis that mild hypoxia during preterm equivalence is sufficient to persistently disrupt hippocampal neuronal maturation related to adult cellular mechanisms of learning and memory.Methods: Neonatal (P2) mice were exposed to mild hypoxia (8%O2) for 30 min and evaluated for acute injury responses or survived until adulthood for assessment of learning and memory and hippocampal neurodevelopment.ResultsNeonatal mild hypoxia resulted in clinically relevant oxygen desaturation and tachycardia without bradycardia and was not accompanied by cerebral gray or white matter injury. Neonatal hypoxia exposure was sufficient to cause hippocampal learning and memory deficits and abnormal maturation of CA1 neurons that persisted into adulthood. This was accompanied by reduced hippocampal CA3-CA1 synaptic strength and LTP and reduced synaptic activity of calcium-sensitive SK2 channels, key regulators of spike timing dependent neuroplasticity, including LTP. Structural illumination microscopy revealed reduced synaptic density, but intact SK2 localization at the synapse. Persistent loss of SK2 activity was mediated by altered casein kinase 2 (CK2) signaling.InterpretationClinically relevant mild hypoxic exposure in the neonatal mouse is sufficient to produce morphometric and functional disturbances in hippocampal neuronal maturation independently of white matter injury. Additionally, we describe a novel persistent mechanism of potassium channel dysregulation after neonatal hypoxia. Collectively our findings suggest an unexplored explanation for the broad spectrum of neurobehavioral, cognitive and learning disabilities that paradoxically persist into adulthood without overt gray matter injury after preterm birth.
BOOST: a robust ten-fold expansion method on hour-scale
Authors: Guo Jinyu , Yang Hui , Lu Chixiang , Cui Di , Zhao Murong , Li Cun , Chen Weihua , Yang Qian , Li Zhijie , Chen Mingkun , Zhao Shanchao , Zhou Jie , He Jiaye , Jiang Haibo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExpansion microscopy (ExM) enhances the microscopy resolution by physically expanding biological specimens and improves the visualization of structural and molecular details. Numerous ExM techniques and labeling methods have been developed and refined over the past decade to cater to specific research needs. Nonetheless, a shared limitation among current protocols is the extensive time required for sample processing, particularly for challenging-to-expand biological specimens (e.g., formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections and large three-dimensional specimens). Here, we have developed a rapid and robust ExM workflow named BOOST, which leverages a series of novel microwave (MW)-accelerated ExM chemistry, resulting in a single-step linear expansion of ∼10×. Specifically, BOOST facilitates a ∼10-fold expansion of cultured cells, tissue sections, and even the challenging-to-expand FFPE sections under merely 90 minutes with heat and surfactant-based protein denaturation. Furthermore, BOOST employs microwave-assisted proteomic staining and immunostaining to facilitate high-resolution visualization of structural and molecular details with significantly enhanced throughput. Noteworthily, BOOST has pioneered a ∼10-fold expansion of large millimeter-sized three-dimensional specimens in approximately three hours. BOOST offers an easily adaptable workflow based on stable and common reagents, thus boosting the potential adoption of ExM methods in biological investigations.