bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Heat Fluxes on Cyclone Narelle as Simulated by a Mesoscale Model
Authors: Ilhamsyah Yopi , Lindiasfika Frinsa , Bey Ahmad , Setiawan Ichsan , . Rizwan , M. Affan Junaidi 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - Heat fluxes from oceanic evaporation particularly latent heat is important to drive the formation and intensification of Cyclone Narelle. The research was carried out by introducing a mesoscale model, namely Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF). One domain with spatial resolution at 10 km was utilized in the model. The model involved significant physical parameters, e.g., Kain-Fritsch in the cumulus scheme, Yonsei University in the Planetary Boundary Layer scheme, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class in the microphysics scheme. The analysis focused on January 8th to 14th upon all stages of Narelle. The result showed that Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) higher than 26°C was a favorable environment for Cylone Narelle to form. Surface sensible and latent heat fluxes have strong positive correlation with wind speed and SST. It can be concluded that these variables were highly correlated with surface heat flux that further lead to the formation and intensification of Cyclone Narelle in early January 2013 over South Indian Ocean. The tracks and stages of the model are nearly similar to the observations, the differences are found in late phases of Narelle. Keywords: Latent heat; WRF; SST; Sensible heat; Wind speed
Study on The Potency of Methanol Extracts From Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld As Natural Anti Oxidant by Thiobarbituric Acid Method
Authors: Ratnawati Devi , . Lusiana , Martono Agus , Fitriyanti Wahidah 
Published: December 2014

Abstract- In this research Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld (the Purple yam) was selected as experimental material. This plant was collected from Rejang Lebong region, Bengkulu Province. Methanol extract 96% from stem of purple yam was studied its anti-oxidant activity in various concentrations with α-tocopherol (200 ppm) as standard of antioxidant. Antioxidant activity was determined using Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) method. Linoleic acid was oxidized at 40 ºC for seven days with or without extract and the final product malondialdehyde (MDA) was reacted with thiostembituric acid to be of red colored complex (MDA-TBA) and was then measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometer at λ 532 nm. Stem extract of purple yam with concentration of 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm respectively had the inhibition of 19.32%, 21.85%, 29.47%, and 31.05%. α-Tocopherol as positive control which showed inhibition ability of 85.14% at 200 ppm. Based on the result obtained in this study, the stem’s extract of Purpel yam plant showed that antioxidant activity was lower than α-tocopherol. Keywords : Xanthosoma nigrum; Stellfeld; MDA; Antioxidant.
Adaptive Thermal Comfort in The Tropic: A Case Study of The Aceh Tsunami Museum
Authors: Hilma Sari Laina , . Zulfian 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - Thermal comfort calculated using ISO 7730 has been questioned and responded by more adaptive thermal comfort methods. This study was therefore conducted to assess the acceptable thermal comfort for the local people in the tropical Aceh using the measurement based on ISO 7730 and with adaptive thermal comfort method by questionnaires. In this research, Aceh Tsunami Museum building, located in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, was in an open designed layout to be assessed as a case study. This study was conducted onsite using mechanical equipment and involving 138 respondents. The result shows that the comfort temperature calculated by mechanical equipment based on ISO 7730 is 23.140C. This is in contrast with the result of the questionnaires that showed people in an open building design rate the air temperature up to 320C as slightly cool. This condition is influenced by the mean air speed of 2.34 m/s and the mean relative humidity of 66.25%. This finding agrees that obtaining the comfort air temperature especially in tropics merely from the prediction of comfort index in ISO 7730 is inaccurate since the respondents actually could adapt with the higher air temperature. Keywords: Adaptive thermal comfort; Tropics; Aceh Tsunami Museum
Tyrosinase Inhibition Type of Isolated Compounds Obtained from Pachyrhizus erosus
Authors: Lukitaningsih Endang , Bahi Muhammad , Holzgrabe Ulrike 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - In Indonesia, Bengkoang (Phacyrhizus erosus) have been used as one of cosmetics especially as sun screening and skin whitening materials. Six active compounds in Bengkoang with antioxidant and skin whitening activities have been isolated, namely daidzein, daidzin, genistin, (8,9)-furanyl-pterocarpan-3-ol, 4-(2-(furane-2-yl)ethyl)-2-methyl-2,5-dihydro-furane-3-carbaldehyde and 2-butoxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofurane-3,4-diol. According to literatures, the type of their tyrosinase inhibitory activity has not yet reported. The determination of whitening activity of each compound was evaluated by the evaluation of Lineweaver-Burk plot. The result showed that five compounds had competitive inhibitory activity and 8,9-furanyl-pterocarpan-3-ol showed a non-competitive inhibition. Keywords: Pachyrhizus erosus, tyrosinase, competitive inhibition and non-competitive inhibition
The Effect of Rainfall Patterns on the Mechanisms of Shallow Slope Failure
Authors: Suradi Muhammad , Fourie Andy 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - This paper examines how rainfall patterns affect the mechanisms of shallow slope failure. Numerical modelling, utilising the commercial software SVFlux and SVSlope, was carried out for a coupled analysis of rainfall-induced slope seepage and instability, with reference to a shallow landslide took place in Jabiru, Northern Territory (NT) Australia in 2007. Rainfall events were varied in terms of pattern in this analysis. The results revealed that slopes are sensitive to rainfall pattern when the rainfall intensity has a high degree of fluctuation at around the same value as that of saturated hydraulic conductivity. Average rainfall intensity at the beginning of a rainfall period plays a primary role in determining the rate of decrease in initial factor of safety (Fi) towards minimum factor of safety (Fmin). The effect of rainfall events on the slope instability is attributed to the amount of rainwater infiltration into slope associated with rainfall pattern. Keywords: Rainfall pattern; Fluctuating intensity, Shallow failure mechanism; Slope failure; Rainwater infiltration.
Surface Energy Balance in Jakarta and Neighboring Regions As Simulated Using Fifth Mesoscale Model (MM5)
Authors: Ilhamsyah Yopi 
Published: December 2014

Abstract – The objective of the present research was to assess the surface energy balance particularly in terms of the computed surface energy and radiation balance and the development of boundary layer over Jakarta and Neighboring Regions (JNR) by means of numerical model of fifth generation of Mesoscale Model (MM5). The MM5 with four domains of 9 kilometers in spatial resolution presenting the outermost and the innermost of JNR is utilized. The research focuses on the third and fourth domains covering the entire JNR. The description between radiation and energy balance at the surface is obtained from the model. The result showed that energy balance is higher in the city area during daytime. Meanwhile, energy components, e.g., surface sensible and latent heat flux showed that at the sea and in the city areas were higher than other areas. Moreover, ground flux showed eastern region was higher than others. In general, radiation and energy balance was higher in the daytime and lower in the nighttime for all regions. The calculation of Bowen Ratio, the ratio of surface sensible and latent heat fluxes, was also higher in the city area, reflecting the dominations of urban and built-up land in the region. Meanwhile, Bowen Ratio in the rural area dominated by irrigated cropland was lower. It is consistent with changes of land cover properties, e.g. albedo, soil moisture, and thermal characteristics. In addition, the boundary layer is also higher in the city. Meanwhile western region dominated by suburban showed higher boundary layer instead of eastern region. Keywords: MM5; Energy components; Land cover properties
Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Methanol and Aqueous Extracts of Acalypha Racemosa Leaves
Authors: Hammuel Chrinius , Anyim Benedicta P. , Raplong Helen H. , Inekwe Victory U. , Batari Musa L. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract - Drug resistance microorganisms have posed enormous public concern there is therefore a need to screen plants that could have the potency in the control of the pathogenic organisms. The extracts obtained from the Acalypha racemosa were screened for phytochemical properties and in vitro investigation of methanol and aqueous extracts. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, phlabatanins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Glycoside and cardiac glycoside, tannins and sterols were in traced amount. The in vitro antibacterial investigation of the crude extract was conducted. The studies showed that the plant contains compounds that have antibacterial activity. The extracts revealed greater potential against the test bacteria with zones of inhibition ranging from 20-30 mm for methanol extract in the order Escherichia coliKlebsiella pneumoniaeProteus mirabilisBacillus subtilisPseudomonas aeruginosa and 18-27mm for aqueous extract in the order Escherichia coli Bacillus subtilis Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteus mirabilis. All the bacteria were more susceptible to methanol extract than the aqueous extract as indicated in the zones of inhibition with exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in which there was no inhibition. The aqueous extract had effect on all the test bacteria although having zones of inhibition lower than the methanol extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of both extracts range from 12.5-50 mg/ml and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) range from 25-100 mg/ml. Escherichia coli was more susceptibility to both extracts and less was seen in the case of aqueous extract against Proteus mirabilis. The screening of the plant has revealed its potency in the treatment of pathogenic infections that may be caused by these pathogens.
Seasonal changes in the abundance and biomass of zooplankton from shallow mudflat river-estuarine system in Persian Gulf
Authors: Farhadian Omidvar , Pouladi Mojtaba 
Published: December 2014

The present study was designed to investigate the seasonal changes in the abundance and biomass of zooplankton and their relationships with water quality parameters in mudflat shallow estuary, Helleh River, Persian Gulf (Iran). The zooplankton consisted of Acartia sp., Euterpina sp., Oithona spp., Oncaea sp., Paracalanus sp., Corycaeus sp., Labidocera sp., Macrosetella sp., Microsetella sp., Temora sp., copepod copepodid, copepod nauplii, Barnacle, Polychaeta, Conchoecia sp. (Ostracoda), Hyperid, Decapoda (zoea and megalopa), Actinula, Echinopluteus, Mollusca, Tintinnopsis sp., Ctenophora (Boliopsis sp.), Protozoa (Discorbis sp.), cumacea (Diastylis sp.), Cnidaria (Siphonophora and Phialidium), Nematoda (Pratylenchus spp.), Urocordata (Oikopleura spp.), fish eggs and fish larvae. The maximum biomass was estimated at estuary mouth in all seasons, the highest values in autumn (97.8-255.6 mg/m3) and the lowest in winter (5.5-68.2 mg/m3). The seasonal abundance (density) of zooplankton was 21237±2419, 45739±6053, 5242±648, and 12905±1867 ind./m3 in summer, autumn, winter and spring, respectively. There was a significant correlation (P<0.01) between zooplankton abundance as well as biomass with salinity, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a. Based on PCA (Principal Component Analysis), the most important factors in mudflat shallow river–estuarine system that could describe most changes of biomass and abundance of zooplankton were salinity, chlorophyll a, temperature and pH, respectively.
Investigations of ternary complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) with thiodiacetate anion and
1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2’-bipyridine
in aqueous solutions
Authors: Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Pranczk Joanna , Jacewicz Dagmara , Tesmar Aleksandra , Pilarski Bogusław , Chmurzyński Lech 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A potentiometric titration method (PT) and a stopped-flow kinetic technique monitored by a UV−Vis spectroscopy have been used to characterize the stability of series of Co(II)- and Ni(II)-thiodiacetato complexes, M(TDA), in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 2,2’-bipyridine (bipy) in aqueous solutions. The stability constants of the binary (1:1), ternary (1:1:1) as well as the resulting hydroxo complexes were evaluated and compared to the corresponding oxydiacetate complexes. Based on the species distribution as a function of pH the relative predominance of the species in the system over a pH range was discussed. Furthermore, the kinetic measurements of the substitution reactions of the aqua ligands to phen or bipy in the coordination sphere of the binary complexes M(TDA) were performed in the 288–303 K temperature range, at a constant concentration of phen or bipy and at seven different concentrations of the binary complexes (0.2–0.5 mM). The kinetic stability of the M(TDA) complexes was discussed in relation to the experimental conditions and the kind of the auxiliary ligands
(phen/bipy). Moreover, the influence of the type of primary ligand (thiodiacetate/oxydiacetate) on the substitution rate of the auxiliary ligands was also compared.
Atmospheric pressure plasma treatment
of polyamide-12 foils
Authors: Hanusová Jana , Kováčik Dušan , Stupavská Monika , Černák Mirko , Novák Igor 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The surface of a polyamide-12 (PA-12) foil was modified in order to improve the adhesive properties by two types of atmospheric pressure plasma sources. The samples were characterized using contact angle measurement, adhesive properties measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The ageing of the plasma modification was also studied. A significant increase in wettability was observed at different treatment times. The same effect was also seen in the adhesive properties - the adhesion was increased almost 12 times for 10 s DCSBD treatment in comparison to untreated PA-12. XPS analysis confirmed chemical changes due to the plasma modification of the PA-12. It was concluded that both plasma sources improve the adhesive properties of PA-12, with DCSBD obtaining better results.
P1-approximation for radiative transfer: application to SF6 + Cu arc plasmas
Authors: Bogatyreva Nadezhda , Bartlova Milada , Aubrecht Vladimir , Holcman Vladimir 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The objective of the paper consists of a theoretical prediction of radiative heat transfer in arc plasmas of SF6 (sulphur hexafluoride) with various admixtures of copper vapours. The P1-approximation was used as a mathematical tool. Due to the very complicated frequency dependence of absorption coefficients, the Planck and Rosseland mean absorption coefficients have been derived from the calculated absorption spectrum. The main radiation quantities (radiation intensity, radiation flux density and its divergence – net emission) have been determined in cylindrical arc plasmas for several model temperature profiles. Contribution to the net emission of copper admixtures is discussed. Conclusions have been made concerning validity and utilization of various absorption means.
Current rates and reaction rates
in the Stoichiometric Network Analysis (SNA)
Authors: Maćešić Stevan R. , Čupić Željko D. , Blagojević Slavica M. , Pejić Nataša D. , Anić Slobodan R. , Kolar-Anić Ljiljana Z. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In stoichiometric network analysis (SNA)
the instability condition is calculated by the current rates.
Recently, we have shown that in the final result the current
rates can be substituted by reaction rates, which is a more
appropriate value for the examination of instability from
experimental point of view. Here, we elaborate the problem
of whether the current rates are necessary parameters
in the calculation, with the aim of obtaining the region
of instability. All calculations are performed on a model
for Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, which has not
been examined by SNA.
Integration of Optimization and Model Predictive Control of an Intensified Continuous Three-Phase Catalytic Reactor
Authors: Shi Li 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Intensified continuous three-phase catalytic reactors working in high-pressure and -temperature conditions are particularly effective at coping with mass transfer limitations during three-phase catalytic reactions. They are highly nonlinear, multivariable systems and behave differently from conventional batch, fed-batch or continuous non-intensified reactors. This paper deals with an integration of real-time optimization and model predictive control (RTO–MPC) of an intensified continuous three-phase catalytic reactor. A steady-state model developed by regression method is used in optimization layer and gives the reference trajectory for control layer. At control layer, a linear MPC is proposed based on identified state space model. The performance of RTO–MPC is illustrated by simulation
Loss of growth homeostasis by genetic decoupling of cell division from biomass growth: implication for size control mechanisms
Authors: Schmidt‐Glenewinkel Hannah , Barkai Naama 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGrowing cells adjust their division time with biomass accumulation to maintain growth homeostasis. Size control mechanisms, such as the size checkpoint, provide an inherent coupling of growth and division by gating certain cell cycle transitions based on cell size. We describe genetic manipulations that decouple cell division from cell size, leading to the loss of growth homeostasis, with cells becoming progressively smaller or progressively larger until arresting. This was achieved by modulating glucose influx independently of external glucose. Division rate followed glucose influx, while volume growth was largely defined by external glucose. Therefore, the coordination of size and division observed in wild‐type cells reflects tuning of two parallel processes, which is only refined by an inherent feedback‐dependent coupling. We present a class of size control models explaining the observed breakdowns of growth homeostasis.
Circulating biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma: the link between microRNAs and extracellular vesicles, where are we now?
Authors: Teixeira Ana L , Dias Francisca , Gomes Monica , Fernandes Mara , Medeiros Rui 
Published: December 2014

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a lethal urological cancer, with incidence and mortality rates increasing by 2-3% per decade. The lack of standard screening tests contributes to the fact that one-third of patients are diagnosed with locally invasive or metastatic disease. Moreover, 20-40% of RCC patients submitted to surgical nephrectomy will develop metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs responsible for gene regulation at a post-transcriptional level. It is accepted that they are deregulated in cancer and can influence tumor development. Thus, miRNAs are promising RCC biomarkers, since they can be detected using non-invasive methods. They are highly stable and easier to quantify in circulating biofluids. The elevated miRNA stability in circulating samples may be the consequence of their capacity to circulate inside of extracellular microvesicles (EMVs), for example, the exosomes. The EMVs are bilayered membrane vesicles secreted by all cell types. They can be released in the interstitial space or into circulating biofluids, which allows the travelling, binding and entrance of these vesicles in receptor cells. This type of cell communication can shuttle bioactive molecules between cells, allowing the horizontal transference of genetic material. In this review, we focus on circulating miRNAs (miR-210, miR-1233, miR-221, miR-15a, miR-451, miR-508, miR-378) in the biofluids of RCC patients and attempt to establish the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, their synergic effects, and the pathways involved in RCC biology.
Deutschsowjetische Bloodlands? Zum methodologischen spatial und imperial turn der aktuellen Totalitarismustheorie
Authors: Huhnholz Sebastian 
Published: December 2014

German-soviet Bloodlands? On the Methodological Spatial and Imperial Turn of the Current Theory of Totalitarianism Timothy Snyder's book Bloodlands was sceptically received by a considerable part of the community of German historians. It was intensively criticized, among other places, in this very publication. It is not difficult to see, however, that this reception was a result of an basically normative discomfort with Snyder's comparison between National Socialist and Stalinist mass murder between the rise of Hitler and the death of Stalin. The heritage of the Historikerstreit still makes itself felt. The critique of Bloodlands by historians of the Holocaust and the Second World War reveals itself, in this connection, as a questionably self-referential and moreover national methodology based upon morally grounded, politically motivated, and intellectually unrealisable ideals. This presumption for redemptive history conveys the impression of a kind of special German right to paternalism in the field. In all this it has been neglected that Snyder has presented not an analysis of ideological motives but rather a structural analysis of totalitarian mass murder that is sensitive to the concept of space. In so doing he takes up the major themes of classical political totalitarianism theory and brings them into harmony with the most recent international imperial histories and interdisciplinary studies of the politics of space.
Property Rights in Time of War: Sequestration and Liquidation of Enemy Aliens’ Assets in Western Europe during the First World War
Authors: Caglioti Daniela L. 
Published: December 2014

Property Rights in Time of War: Sequestration and Liquidation of Enemy Aliens’ Assets in Western Europe during the First World War This article explores the policies on enemy property in Britain, France and Germany during the First World War and its immediate aftermath. As part of a more complex economic warfare, countries at war halted international trade, imposed system of controls on the trade of neutral countries and launched an attack on the commercial and personal assets of enemy aliens. Real estate, firms, shops, investments, ships, goods, shares, bank accounts, patents and trademarks, and personal belongings owned by citizens of enemy nationality were sequestered and then sold by state custodians to citizens of their own countries. These actions, which started at the very beginning of the conflict, were eventually legitimised by the peace treaties. By analysing these measures, their implementation and the discourse that justified them, the article investigates the emergence of «economic nationalism» and the shift provoked by the war: from the liberal recognition of the inviolability of property rights on a national and international scale to the re-affirmation of state sovereignty.