bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extending X-reality technologies to digital twin in cultural heritage risk management: a comparative evaluation from the perspective of situation awareness
Authors: Guo Yuqing , Liu Lin , Huang Wei , Shen Min , Yi Xiaolie , Zhang Jifa , Lu Shizhu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
DT systems, characterized by real-time capabilities, high precision, and high integration, have become essential in various domains. In the context of cultural heritage, a DT system encompasses comprehensive information about heritage sites, contextual data, and expert knowledge, forming a complex dynamic system. The substantial volume of information and diverse sources significantly increases the cognitive load for management personnel in understanding on-site situations. This study, from the perspective of situational awareness, introduces X-reality technologies (VR and AR) into DT systems for cultural heritage risk management. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of different X-reality technologies in cultural heritage risk perception and their impact mechanisms. A total of 184 participants were divided into two groups and experienced three different applications (2D desktop, VR, and AR). Using situational awareness rating techniques, participants' responses were measured across three dimensions: attention resource demand, attention resource supply, and understanding of the situation. SEM was employed to estimate the stability of the scale data. The results indicate that, compared to traditional 2D desktops, both VR and AR demonstrate advantages in enhancing heritage risk situational awareness. However, in AR mode, no significant advantages were found in the dimensions of attention resource demand and attention resource supply compared to traditional 2D desktop applications. Furthermore, a significant difference in immersion between VR and AR was found to affect the attention resource demand dimension. Although the results suggest differences in the interactivity of VR and AR in affecting the attention resource demand dimension, no significant differences were found. By comprehensively understanding the functional mechanisms of X-reality technologies in influencing cultural heritage risk situational awareness, this study provides design references for constructing DT systems for cultural heritage risk management. Additionally, it offers insights for heritage site managers, experts, and stakeholders to enhance risk perception efficiency, promoting more effective risk assessment, analysis, and strategic decision-making, thereby reducing damage to cultural heritage.
A fully coupled thermo-poroelastic model for energy extraction in naturally fractured geothermal reservoirs: sensitivity analysis and flow simulation
Authors: Abdel Azim Reda , Alatefi Saad , Aljehani Abdulrahman 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of a novel method for modelling fluid flow and heat transfer in naturally fractured geothermal reservoirs represents a significant advancement in geothermal energy research. This Study presents a hybrid approach, which combines discrete fracture and single continuum techniques, to effectively capture the complex interactions between fluid flow and heat transfer in geothermal fractured reservoirs. In addition, the incorporation of the local thermal nonequilibrium method for simulating heat transmission accounts for the disparities in temperature between the rock matrix and the fluid, providing a more realistic representation of heat transfer processes. The study also presents a fully coupled thermo-poro-elastic framework that integrates fluid flow and heat transfer to comprehensively evaluate reservoir responses to injection/production scenarios. This coupled approach allows for the prediction of changes in reservoir properties, such as permeability and porosity, under varying fluid pressure and temperature conditions. The application of the proposed model to evaluate a geothermal reservoir’s long-term response to injection/production scenarios provides valuable insights into the reservoir’s behaviour and potential energy production capacity. The sensitivity analysis further enhances the model’s utility by identifying the key reservoir parameters that significantly influence the thermal depletion of the reservoir. Overall, this novel modelling approach holds promise for improving the understanding and management of naturally fractured geothermal reservoirs, contributing to the optimization of geothermal energy extraction strategies.
The Essential and Optimal Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Medicines for Athletes at the Olympic Games
Authors: Stuart Mark , Farooq Mohammed , Thomas Trudy , Mohamed-Ali Nada , Al-Maadheed Mohammed , Mohamed-Ali Vidya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In 2019, the International Olympic Committee published the first Olympic and Paralympic Model Formulary (OPF), which defined the standardised set of medications required at every Olympic and Paralympic Games for the treatment of athletes. This study aimed to test the OPF to determine whether it meets the clinical needs of the athlete population with respect to medications used for pain and/or inflammation (PI), and to present a revised set of essential PI medications for the OPF based on prevalence of athlete use. Medication-use data of athletes at the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Olympic Games (n = 6155) from three sources were used to establish prevalence of PI medicine use and to revise the OPF: (i) doping control forms, (ii) pharmacy dispensing reports, and (iii) injection declaration forms. This revised list was further validated through (iv) medication importation declarations by teams (n = 156), and (v) survey of team physicians (n = 382).

Results
Overall prevalence of PI medication use was 36.7%, with higher use by female athletes (female: 44.1%; male: 30.0%; p < 0.001), with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs being the most used class (27%). Use of medications with safety risks were identified, including nimesulide, piroxicam and metamizole. A revised list of 48 PI medications was recommended for the OPF.

Conclusion
The research led to a revised set of essential medications for the treatment of pain and inflammation to be available for athletes at the Olympic Games, which would lead to a 7% improvement in the numbers of athletes who could have their exact PI medication requirements met by the OPF.
Augmentation genioplasty using discarded bone fragments following proximal segment osteotomy of the ramus in intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO)
Authors: Kang Sang-Hoon , Lee Chan-Young , Jun Taek-Geun , Kang Min-Jun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Based on a three-dimensional (3D) orthognathic simulation, this technical report introduces a method for augmentation genioplasty using a proximal bone fragment of the mandible, which is typically discarded in intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO).

Results
A 43-year-old female patient diagnosed with Class III malocclusion, presenting with a protruding mandible and long facial height, underwent surgical treatment. The surgical plan involved mandibular setback position using IVRO and augmentation genioplasty. The 3D orthognathic surgery including augmentation genioplasty simulation was performed. An excessively elongated proximal segment was sectioned following IVRO. The inferior part of the sectioned proximal bone fragment of the mandible was positioned to align with the requirements of advancement genioplasty. After ensuring that the placement of the fragment matched that of the simulated surgery, each bone fragment was fixed. At 1.5 years post-surgery, the grafted bone on the augmentation genioplasty was well maintained, with slight bone resorption.

Conclusions
Augmentation genioplasty using the proximal bone fragment of the mandible, which is typically discarded in IVRO, reduces the surgical complications associated with chin osteotomy. When a secondary genioplasty is required, genioplasty with osteotomy, movement of the cut bone fragments, partial bone-shaving osteotomy, and additional bone grafting are viable options.
Remittance outflow, financial development and macroeconomic indicators: evidence from the UK
Authors: Periola Ololade , Salami Monsurat Foluke 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRemittances have become a significant component of international capital flows, with millions of migrants sending billions of dollars back to their home countries annually. However, the way these outflows affect macroeconomic variables has not received sufficient attention in the literature, especially in the context of varying levels of financial development. Using time series data from 1987 to 2022 for the United Kingdom, this study examines the macroeconomic effects of remittance outflows and financial development. Our baseline estimation using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model reveals heterogeneous impacts, as remittance outflows adversely affect economic growth but improve exchange rates. We find remittances do not have a significant effect on inflation or bank rates. The moderating effect of financial development analysis reveals a similar outcome. Our results suggest governments should consider stimulus policies that support investment in productive sectors to improve macroeconomic indicators and facilitate financial inclusion to enhance the adoption of growth strategies that promote remittances.
Combined effects of functional task training with electrical stimulation on motor abilities and balance in children with diplegia
Authors: Mousa Randa A. , Elhadidy Eman E. , Ali Walaa M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) often demonstrate gluteus medius weakness that causes balance deficits and frequent falling during walking.

Purpose
The aim of the study was to evaluate the combined effects of functional task training with electrical stimulation of bilateral hip abductor muscles on motor abilities (standing and walking) and balance in children with spastic diplegic CP.

Methods
Thirty children with diplegic CP of both sexes whose ages ranged from 7 to 10 years were assigned randomly into two equal groups. For both groups, motor abilities were assessed by gross motor function measure (GMFM), and balance (static and dynamic) was assessed by the humac balance system before and after the study. The control group received a functional training program focusing on standing walking and balance exercises. While children in the study group received the same functional training program with bilateral electrical stimulation of gluteus medius muscles for 50 min. The treatment program for both groups was conducted for 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks.

Results
There were statistically significant differences between the control and study group post-treatment in GMFM as well as the center of pressure test and weight shift test in favor of the study group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Using functional task training with electrical stimulation for treatment of children with spastic diplegic CP have significant effects on improving their motor abilities and balance that suggests using it in rehabilitation for these children.
Neoadjuvant Osimertinib for the Treatment of Stage I-IIIA Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase II Multicenter Study
Authors: Blakely Collin M. , Urisman Anatoly , Gubens Matthew A. , Mulvey Claire K. , Allen Greg M. , Shiboski Stephen C. , Rotow Julia K. , Chakrabarti Turja , Kerr D. Lucas , Aredo Jacqueline V. , Bacaltos Bianca , Gee Megan , Tan Lisa , Jones Kirk D. , Devine W. Patrick , Doebele Robert C. , Aisner Dara L. , Patil Tejas , Schenk Erin L. , Bivona Trever G. , Riess Jonathan W. , Coleman Melissa , Kratz Johannes R. , Jablons David M. 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE To assess the safety and efficacy of the third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with surgically resectable stage I-IIIA EGFR-mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a multi-institutional phase II trial of neoadjuvant osimertinib for patients with surgically resectable stage I-IIIA (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] V7) EGFR-mutated (L858R or exon 19 deletion) NSCLC (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03433469 ). Patients received osimertinib 80 mg orally once daily for up to two 28-day cycles before surgical resection. The primary end point was major pathological response (MPR) rate. Secondary safety and efficacy end points were also assessed. Exploratory end points included pretreatment and post-treatment tumor mutation profiling. RESULTS A total of 27 patients were enrolled and treated with neoadjuvant osimertinib for a median 56 days before surgical resection. Twenty-four (89%) patients underwent subsequent surgery; three (11%) patients were converted to definitive chemoradiotherapy. The MPR rate was 14.8% (95% CI, 4.2 to 33.7). No pathological complete responses were observed. The ORR was 52%, and the median DFS was 40.9 months. One treatment-related serious adverse event (AE) occurred (3.7%). No patients were unable to undergo surgical resection or had surgery delayed because of an AE. The most common co-occurring tumor genomic alterations were in TP53 (42%) and RBM10 (21%). CONCLUSION Treatment with neoadjuvant osimertinib in surgically resectable (stage IA-IIIA, AJCC V7) EGFR-mutated NSCLC did not meet its primary end point for MPR rate. However, neoadjuvant osimertinib did not lead to unanticipated AEs, surgical delays, nor result in a significant unresectability rate.
Sleep Duration Alters Overfeeding-mediated Reduction in Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Singh Prachi , Beyl Robbie A , Marlatt Kara L , Ravussin Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context
Weight gain and sleep restriction both reduce insulin sensitivity. However, it is not known if sleep duration alters glucose metabolism in response to overfeeding.

Objective
To examine the effect of sleep duration on overfeeding-mediated alterations in carbohydrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

Methods
Retrospective exploratory analysis of a longitudinal overfeeding study in healthy participants (n = 28, age: 26.9 ± 5.5 years, body mass index: 25.74 ± 2.45 kg/m2). After providing baseline study measures, participants were overfed 40% above weight maintenance calorie requirements for 8 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was determined by a 2-step hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Baseline habitual sleep duration was estimated by accelerometry, and sleep groups were created based on median sleep duration (5.2 hours/night).

Results
Overfeeding led to an average body weight gain of 7.3 ± .4 kg. Habitual sleep duration did not alter overfeeding-mediated body weight gain, fat gain, and fat distribution (all P &gt; .15). Compared to participants with more sleep, fasting insulin (P = .01) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (P = .02) increased while fasting glucose remained unchanged (P = .68) with overfeeding in participants with shorter sleep duration. Glucose infusion rate during high insulin dose was reduced with overfeeding in participants with short sleep duration but not in participants with more sleep (P &lt; .01).

Conclusion
Overfeeding mediated weight gain reduced liver, adipose, and whole-body insulin sensitivity prominently in individuals with short sleep duration but not in individuals with longer sleep duration. This suggests that promoting adequate sleep during short periods of overeating may prevent detrimental effects on glucose metabolism.
Extensão para além do currículo: relato da imersão em formação extensionista
Authors: Nakano Hirai Cassia , Marin Ribas Luciana 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Compartilhar a experiência da oferta de uma disciplina de imersão em formação extensionista como forma de introdução e engajamento de alunos e alunas ingressantes no curso de graduação em Direito ao programa de extensão da instituição.
Escopo: O artigo descreve as etapas de elaboração da disciplina de imersão em formação extensionista, bem como seus objetivos, características e resultados.
Originalidade: O relato apresenta uma proposta pedagógica inovadora, que introduz a temática e a importância da extensão a alunos e alunas ingressantes no curso de graduação ao mesmo tempo em que os orienta e auxilia na definição e condução de suas trajetórias extensionistas individuais.
Relevância: O cumprimento da carga horária mínima de extensão tornou-se um requisito obrigatório para todos os estudantes de cursos superiores no Brasil. A experiência da disciplina para a formação extensionista apresenta-se como uma estratégia de preparação dos estudantes para o cumprimento desse requisito de maneira informada e coerente com seus interesses e aspirações.
Wardrop Equilibrium Can Be Boundedly Rational: A New Behavioral Theory of Route Choice
Authors: Li Jiayang , Wang Zhaoran , Nie Yu (Marco) 
Published: July 2024

As one of the most fundamental concepts in transportation science, Wardrop equilibrium (WE) has always had a relatively weak behavioral underpinning. To strengthen this foundation, one must reckon with bounded rationality in human decision-making processes, such as the lack of accurate information, limited computing power, and suboptimal choices. This retreat from behavioral perfectionism in the literature, however, was typically accompanied by a conceptual modification of WE. Here, we show that giving up perfect rationality need not force a departure from WE. On the contrary, WE can be reached with global stability in a routing game played by boundedly rational travelers. We achieve this result by developing a day-to-day (DTD) dynamical model that mimics how travelers gradually adjust their route valuations, hence choice probabilities, based on past experiences. Our model, called cumulative logit (CumLog), resembles the classical DTD models but makes a crucial change; whereas the classical models assume that routes are valued based on the cost averaged over historical data, our model values the routes based on the cost accumulated. To describe route choice behaviors, the CumLog model only uses two parameters, one accounting for the rate at which the future route cost is discounted in the valuation relative to the past ones and the other describing the sensitivity of route choice probabilities to valuation differences. We prove that the CumLog model always converges to WE, regardless of the initial point, as long as the behavioral parameters satisfy certain mild conditions. Our theory thus upholds WE’s role as a benchmark in transportation systems analysis. It also explains why equally good routes at equilibrium may be selected with different probabilities, which solves the instability problem posed by Harsanyi. Funding: This research is funded by the National Science Foundation [Grants CMMI #2225087 and ECCS #2048075]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0132 .
Exploring the uses of digital health in palliative care in Southeast Asia
Authors: Narvaez Roison Andro 
Published: July 2024

Background: This integrative review explores the use of digital health technologies in palliative care within Southeast Asia. Despite extensive documentation of digital health in palliative care in Western nations, its application in Southeast Asia remains underdeveloped. Method: The review includes a total of four papers meeting the eligibility criteria. Findings: The findings reveal limited studies of digital health adoption in palliative care. Key technologies include mobile health applications, electronic health records and telemedicine platforms. Challenges, such as health inequities, data security and the need for technology validation were identified. The review underscores the necessity for region-specific research to address these challenges and improve the integration of digital health in palliative care. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of digital health to enhance palliative care delivery and patient outcomes in Southeast Asia, advocating for increased adoption and tailored implementation strategies.
Inflammatory indexes predict mortality in non-malignant patients in palliative care
Authors: Ceylan Serdar , Akkurt Abbas Faruk , Gurses Mehtap , Aydemir Ayfer , Dede Taylan Ozgur , Acaroglu Ruya , Duran Ugur Fatma Utkan 
Published: July 2024

Background: The literature on the use of inflammatory indexes for palliative care patients without malignancy is scarce. Aims: To determine which inflammatory indexes are associated with the mortality risks of non-malignant patients hospitalised and receiving palliative care. Methods: Discharged or deceased patients in a palliative care unit of a secondary care hospital were included. The laboratory values were obtained during the first 48 hours of hospitalisation. Findings: As a result of univariate Cox regression analysis, 14-day mortality rate was affected by lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), multi-inflammatory indexes (MII-1) and MII-2 (p<0.001, p=0.001, p=0.002, p=0.009 and p=0.003, respectively); NLR, CLR, NAR, CAR, MII-1 and MII-2 (respectively p=0.005, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.001 and p<0.001) affected 28-day mortality rate. Indexes that statistically significantly increased both 14-day and 28-day mortality rates independently of other variables were CLR, NAR, CAR, MII-1 and MII-2. Conclusion: High values in inflammatory indexes, including C-reactive protein and albumin increase the risk of 14-day and 28-day mortality rates in palliative care non-malignant patients.
Modifiable factors mediating the effects of educational attainment on gestational diabetes mellitus: A two-step Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ma Ming-Yue , Zhao Ya-Song 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Although there is currently a wealth of evidence to indicate that maternal educational attainment is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the specific modifiable risk factors that mediate the causal relationship between these two variables have yet to be identified.
AIM
To identify the specific modifiable risk factors that mediate the causal relationship between the level of maternal education and GDM.
METHODS
Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted using data from genome-wide association studies of European populations. We initially performed a two-sample MR analysis using data on genetic variants associated with the duration of education as instruments, and subsequently adopted a two-step MR approach using metabolic and lifestyle factors as mediators to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the level of maternal education and risk of developing GDM. In addition, we calculated the proportions of total causal effects mediated by identified metabolic and lifestyle factors.
RESULTS
A genetically predicted higher educational attainment was found to be associated with a lower risk of developing GDM (OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.60-0.84). Among the metabolic factors assessed, four emerged as potential mediators of the education-GDM association, which, ranked by mediated proportions, were as follows: Waist-to-hip-ratio (31.56%, 95%CI: 12.38%-50.70%), body mass index (19.20%, 95%CI: 12.03%-26.42%), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (12.81%, 95%CI: 8.65%-17.05%), and apolipoprotein A-1 (7.70%, 95%CI: 4.32%-11.05%). These findings proved to be robust to sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSION
Our findings indicate a causal relationship between lower levels of maternal education and the risk of developing GDM can be partly explained by adverse metabolic profiles.