bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proof‐of‐concept of a laser mounted endoscope for touch‐less navigated procedures
Authors: Kral Florian , Gueler Oezguer , Perwoeg Martina , Bardosi Zoltan , Puschban Elisabeth J. , Riechelmann Herbert , Freysinger Wolfgang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDuring navigated procedures a tracked pointing device is used to define target structures in the patient to visualize its position in a registered radiologic data set. When working with endoscopes in minimal invasive procedures, the target region is often difficult to reach and changing instruments is disturbing in a challenging, crucial moment of the procedure. We developed a device for touch less navigation during navigated endoscopic procedures.Materials and MethodsA laser beam is delivered to the tip of a tracked endoscope angled to its axis. Thereby the position of the laser spot in the video‐endoscopic images changes according to the distance between the tip of the endoscope and the target structure. A mathematical function is defined by a calibration process and is used to calculate the distance between the tip of the endoscope and the target. The tracked tip of the endoscope and the calculated distance is used to visualize the laser spot in the registered radiologic data set.ResultsIn comparison to the tracked instrument, the touch less target definition with the laser spot yielded in an over and above error of 0.12 mm. The overall application error in this experimental setup with a plastic head was 0.61 ± 0.97 mm (95% CI −1.3 to +2.5 mm).ConclusionIntegrating a laser in an endoscope and then calculating the distance to a target structure by image processing of the video endoscopic images is accurate. This technology eliminates the need for tracked probes intraoperatively and therefore allows navigation to be integrated seamlessly in clinical routine. However, it is an additional chain link in the sequence of computer‐assisted surgery thus influencing the application error. Lasers Surg. Med. 45:377–382, 2013. © 2013 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An improved authentication with key agreement scheme on elliptic curve cryptosystem for global mobility networks
Authors: Li Xuelei , Wen Qiaoyan , Zhang Hua , Jin Zhengping 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we cryptanalyze Rhee et al.'s ‘Remote user authentication scheme without using smart cards’, and prove that their scheme is not completely secure against user impersonation attack. The security flaw is caused by mathematical homomorphism of the registration information. In addition, their scheme lacks key agreement procedures for generating the session key to encrypt the communication messages after mutual authentication. Furthermore, a modification is proposed to improve the security, practicability and robustness of such scheme. Firstly, we introduce elliptic curve cryptosystem to enhance the security. Secondly, in order to improve the practicability, our improvement is much more easily implemented using portable devices in global mobility networks; moreover, a synchronized clock system, traditional password table or ancillary equipment are not required in our improvement. Finally, the proposed scheme not only achieves mutual authentication, but also provides the procedure for key agreement and update of secrets for users and servers to increase the robustness. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton versus photon radiation therapy for patients with high‐risk neuroblastoma: The need for a customized approach
Authors: Hill‐Kayser Christine , Tochner Zelig , Both Stefan , Lustig Robert , Reilly Anne , Balamuth Naomi , Womer Richard , Maris John , Grupp Stephen , Bagatell Rochelle 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundProton therapy for treatment for high‐risk neuroblastoma may offer sparing of organs at risk (OAR) when compared to intensity‐modulated X‐ray therapy (IMXT).ProcedureDouble‐scattered proton plans and IMXT plans delivering 2,160 cGy to the primary tumor site and other residual disease were developed for 13 consecutive HR‐NBL patients. Radiation doses to target volumes and OAR were calculated to determine the optimal modality for each.ResultsAll patients received radiation (5/13 ≥ 2 sites). No patient has experienced local recurrence or clinical organ toxicity. Coverage was excellent using both protons and IMXT: median % dose delivered to 95% clinical target volume was 99% and 100%, respectively. For nine patients with lateralized disease, proton therapy offered sparing of the contralateral kidney both with regard to median dose and dose to 20% (median <1 cGy vs. 362 cGy, P = 0.01; median 100 cGy vs. 634 cGy, P = 0.02, respectively). Proton therapy did not reduce ipsilateral kidney dose, and for 2 select patients with lateralized disease IMXT improved overall bilateral renal sparing. Proton therapy improved median bowel (median 33 cGy vs. 590 cGy, P = 0.01), total body (median <1 cGy vs. 30 cGy, P = 0.15), and liver dose (median <1 cGy vs. 529, P < 0.001). When chest RT was required, proton therapy decreased median heart dose and mean lung dose.ConclusionsFor most patients (11/13), proton therapy offered the optimal combination of target coverage and organ sparing, and is a feasible treatment for HR‐NBL. We recommend a customized approach with careful evaluation of renal dosimetry; IMXT may be preferred for select patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:1606–1611. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of obesity on antibiotic treatment failure: a historical cohort study
Authors: Longo Cristina , Bartlett Gillian , MacGibbon Brenda , Mayo Nancy , Rosenberg Ellen , Nadeau Lyne , Daskalopoulou Stella S. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTPurposeObesity, a major health issue, is also an important risk factor for infections. Evidence demonstrates that excess weight affects the disposition of antibiotics but little work has been done to explore if this results in antibiotic treatment failure (ATF). ATF has serious adverse health outcomes and may increase treatment resistance. Given that obese patients often have other health issues, it is important to determine if excess weight independently increases the likelihood of ATF.MethodsConsenting patients (N = 18 014), randomly sampled from Santé Québec Health surveys (1992, 1998), were linked with administrative health databases. Patients were within the normal, overweight, and obese weight categories aged 20–79 years old, receiving at least one course of antibiotic therapy from the survey date until December 2005. ATF was defined as any additional antibiotic prescriptions or hospitalizations for infections within the 30 days after initial therapy. Logistic regression was used to assess the impact of excess weight on ATF after adjusting for patient characteristics, comorbidities, history of antibiotic use, antibiotic resistance, and flu season.ResultsOf the final sample size (N = 6 179), 39.0% were overweight and 21.4% were obese. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin (16.0%), ciprofloxacin (9.2%), phenoxymethylpenicillin (8.8%), trimethroprim/sulfamethoxazole (8.6%), and clarithromycin (8.5%). ATF occurred in 828 (13.4%) of the 6 179 study patients. Obesity was a significant predictor of ATF (adjusted OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.03–1.52).ConclusionObesity is a significant risk factor for ATF, and this association may be due to the current “one size fits all” dosing strategy, which warrants further investigation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inactivation and Heme Degradation of Horseradish Peroxidase Induced by Discharge Plasma
Authors: Ke Zhigang , Huang Qing 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe effects of non‐thermal plasma at the argon gas–solution interface on horseradish peroxidase (HRP), a classical heme‐containing protein, were assessed quantitatively. Evidence from spectroscopic approaches showed that enzymatic activity together with the contents of heme and iron in HRP decreased dramatically and concomitantly upon plasma treatment. The plasma induced both long‐ and short‐lived reactive species which inactivated HRP in the solution. In particular, hydrogen peroxide broke the heme prosthetic group into fluorescent products, mainly dipyrrols and their derivatives, while other factors such as hydroxyl radicals and UV radiation generated during plasma discharge accelerated this heme protein degradation process.
Concise Review: Role of DEK in Stem/Progenitor Cell Biology
Authors: Broxmeyer Hal E. , Mor-Vaknin Nirit , Kappes Ferdinand , Legendre Maureen , Saha Anjan K. , Ou Xuan , O'Leary Heather , Capitano Maegan , Cooper Scott , Markovitz David M. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Understanding the factors that regulate hematopoiesis opens up the possibility of modifying these factors and their actions for clinical benefit. DEK, a non-histone nuclear phosphoprotein initially identified as a putative proto-oncogene, has recently been linked to regulate hematopoiesis. DEK has myelosuppressive activity in vitro on proliferation of human and mouse hematopoietic progenitor cells and enhancing activity on engraftment of long-term marrow repopulating mouse stem cells, has been linked in coordinate regulation with the transcription factor C/EBPα, for differentiation of myeloid cells, and apparently targets a long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cell for leukemic transformation. This review covers the uniqueness of DEK, what is known about how it now functions as a nuclear protein and also as a secreted molecule that can act in paracrine fashion, and how it may be regulated in part by dipeptidylpeptidase 4, an enzyme known to truncate and modify a number of proteins involved in activities on hematopoietic cells. Examples are provided of possible future areas of investigation needed to better understand how DEK may be regulated and function as a regulator of hematopoiesis, information possibly translatable to other normal and diseased immature cell systems.
Capture Success Higher Near Roads for San Clemente Island Foxes
Authors: Snow Nathan P. , Andelt William F. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTRecently, island fox (Urocyon littoralis) populations on 4 of 6 California Channel Islands (USA) were greatly reduced by colonizing golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) and a suspected outbreak of disease, creating concern for subspecies on all islands. Consequently, efforts of live‐trapping foxes for research, monitoring, and vaccination has increased. Despite increased trapping efforts, evaluation of factors that influence capture success has not been conducted. We examined capture success of island foxes at 85 random trapping locations on San Clemente Island during 170 trap‐nights during 2006–2007. We captured 98 island foxes, and found that traps placed ≤10 m from primary roads had higher overall capture success (i.e., 1.52 times more likely to capture foxes) than traps placed at random locations throughout the study area. We found no evidence to suggest that the density of edges between land‐cover types (i.e., sum length of edges per 100‐m buffered area [m/m2]), nightly temperature, proportions of land‐cover, or type of attractant tested (n = 3) affected capture success. All attractants captured similar proportions of sex and age classes of foxes. Our findings suggest that future trapping efforts would have the most success if conducted along roads. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Determinants of Distal Radius Fracture Management in Polytrauma Patients
Authors: Adkinson Joshua M. , Soltys Anna M. , Miller Nathan F. , Eid Sherrine M. , Murphy Robert X. 
Published: June 2013

Background Over 640,000 distal radius fractures occur annually in the United States. No studies have been performed looking specifically at polytrauma patients who sustain distal radius fractures. We sought to determine variables affecting management of distal radius fractures in polytrauma patients. Methods An IRB-approved review of trauma patients from 2008–2011 was performed. Records for patients with distal radius fractures were examined, assessing age, gender, Glascow Coma Score, Injury Severity Score, mechanism, type, and characteristics of injury, as well as operative repair. A logistic regression was performed using SPSS 15.0. Results The database identified 12,054 patients, 434 sustaining a distal radius fracture. No statistically significant difference in operative repair based on mechanism of injury (p=0.465) was identified. A total of 285 patients (65.7 %) underwent surgery for distal radius fractures. In univariate analysis, younger age was the only statistically significant demographic predictor of surgical intervention (p=0.003). In both univariate analysis and logistic regression, open, intra-articular, displaced, and comminuted fractures, as well as those with concomitant ulna fractures were statistically significantly associated with operative repair. Fracture displacement was the most likely variable to be associated with surgical intervention (OR= 12.761, 95 % CI [7.219, 22.556]) (p<0.001). Conclusions In polytrauma patients, surgery for distal radius fractures is associated with younger age, open, intra-articular, displaced, and comminuted fractures, as well as concomitant ulna fractures. Displaced fractures were almost 13 times more likely to undergo surgical intervention than non-displaced fractures. Gender and mechanism of injury are not predictive of surgical intervention.
Trans Fat Supplementation Increases UV‐Radiation‐Induced Oxidative Damage on Skin of Mice
Authors: Barcelos R. C. S. , Segat H. J. , Benvegnú D. M. , Trevizol F. , Roversi K. , Dolci G. S. , Dias V. T. , Piccolo J. , Veit J. C. , Emanuelli T. , Bürger M. E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe evaluated the influence of fish oil (FO, rich in n‐3 FA), soybean oil (SO, rich in n‐6 FA) and hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF, rich in trans FA) on the oxidative status and viability of skin cells of mice exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Mice were supplemented with FO, SO or HVF for three months and exposed to UVR (2.72 mJ/cm2) for 2 days. One day after the last UVR session, the FO group showed higher levels of n‐3 fatty acids (FA), while the HVF showed higher incorporation of trans FA (TFA) in dorsal skin. UVR increased lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels of the HVF and to a lesser extent of the control and SO groups. Although all irradiated groups showed increased skin thickness, this increase was slighter in FO mice. UVR exposure reduced skin cell viability of the control, SO and HVF groups, while FO prevented this. Catalase activity was reduced independently of the supplementation and SOD level was increased in C and FO groups after UVR exposure; FO prevented the UVR‐induced increase in glutathione levels, which was observed in skin of the control, SO and HVF mice. Our results showed the beneficial effects of FO supplementation, as well as the harmful effects of trans FA, whose intensity can increase vulnerability to skin diseases.
A live birth from vitrified‐warmed oocytes in a Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoid leukemia patient 5 years following allogenic bone marrow transplantation and after a magnitude 9.0 earthquake in Japan
Authors: Doshida Masakazu , Nakajo Yukiko , Toya Mayumi , Kyono Koichi 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPurposeTo report a live birth from vitrified‐warmed oocytes for a Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoid leukemia (Ph‐ALL) patient.MethodsA 20‐year‐old single woman with Ph‐ALL requested oocyte cryopreservation at a private fertility clinic using assisted reproduction technology (ART). In cases of leukemia, there is a very short time before chemotherapy, follwed shortly by total body irradiation (TBI), and although she had already received the chemotherapy, ten oocytes were vitrified and stored for 59 months before warming. Soon after the oocyte cryopreservation, she received TBI and bone marrow transplant (BMT). During the storage, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurred making oocyte transport necessary. The embryo transfer was planned in a hormone replacement cycle, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed on the vitrified‐warmed oocytes. On day 3, two embryos were transferred.ResultsThe patient became pregnant and delivered a healthy girl after ICSI using vitrified‐warmed oocytes.ConclusionsOocyte cryopreservation is the best option for fertility preservation of young single women with leukemia. Oncologists and gynecologists who conduct ART should cooperate to improve the quality of life of cancer patients.
Health‐related quality of life among patients with ovarian cancer at Mulago Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Katumba Jerome , Obore Susan , Kaye Dan K. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveMost patients with ovarian cancer are diagnosed when the disease is at an advanced stage. The symptoms and the surgery‐induced loss of sexual and reproductive function have an impact on the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of affected women. The present study described the HRQOL among women with ovarian cancer at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.MethodsThis was a case series involving 36 women with histologically confirmed ovarian cancer admitted to the gynecologic oncology unit at Mulago Hospital. Clinical and histologic characteristics were determined using an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. The abbreviated version of the WHO Quality of Life instrument (WHOQOL‐BREF) was used to assess quality of life.ResultsAll patients had symptoms (mainly abdominal symptoms) before diagnosis and had previously sought medical care without being diagnosed. The majority (88.9%) had advanced disease (mainly serous epithelial tumors). Most patients were dissatisfied with their life and scored low on all HRQOL domains (physical, psychological, and social well‐being; environment). The overall mean WHOQOL‐BREF score was 27.5%; the score was lowest (mean 18.7%) in the psychological domain.ConclusionAll patients experienced symptoms before diagnosis and the majority presented with advanced disease. The quality of life was poor in all domains, with psychological well‐being most affected.
Dispersion and nonlinearity of multi-layer non-hydrostatic free-surface flow
Authors: Bai Yefei , Cheung Kwok Fai 
Published: June 2013

AbstractNon-hydrostatic multi-layer models have become a popular tool in describing wave transformation from deep water to the surf zone, but the numerical approach lacks a theoretical framework to guide implementation and assist interpretation of the results. In this paper, we formulate a non-hydrostatic model in an analytical form for the derivation and examination of dispersive and nonlinear properties. Depth integration of the dimensionless continuity and Euler equations over each layer yields the conventional multi-layer formulation. A variable transformation converts the conventional form into an integrated series form, which provides separate descriptions of flux- and dispersion-dominated processes. Substitution of the non-hydrostatic pressure and vertical velocity in the governing equations by high-order derivatives of the horizontal velocity and surface elevation provides a direct comparison with the Boussinesq equations published in the literature. Implementation of a perturbation expansion extracts the first- and second-order governing equations with respect to the nonlinear parameter. Based on that, we derive analytical solutions of the linear dispersion and the second-order super- and sub-harmonics for up to three layers and optimize the solutions in terms of the layer arrangement. In relation to the Boussinesq equations at comparable orders of expansion, the two- and three-layer models provide slightly higher errors in shallow and intermediate water in terms of dispersion and super-harmonics, but show superior performance in describing sub-harmonics in deep water.
Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA gene sequences ofSchellackiaparasites (Apicomplexa: Lankesterellidae) reveals their close relationship to the genusEimeria
Authors: MEGÍA-PALMA R. , MARTÍNEZ J. , MERINO S. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYIn the present study we detectedSchellackiahaemoparasites infecting the blood cells ofLacerta schreiberiandPodarcis hispanica, two species of lacertid lizards from central Spain. The parasite morphometry, the presence of a refractile body, the type of infected blood cells, the kind of host species, and the lack of oocysts in the fecal samples clearly indicated these blood parasites belong to the genusSchellackia. Until now, the species of this genus have never been genetically characterized and its taxonomic position under the Lankesterellidae family is based on the lack of the exogenous oocyst stage. However, the phylogenetic analysis performed on the basis of the 18S rRNA gene sequence revealed that species of the genusSchellackiaare clustered withEimeriaspecies isolated from a snake and an amphibian species but not withLankesterellaspecies. The phylogenetic analysis rejects that both genera share a recent common ancestor. Based on these results we suggest a revision of the taxonomic status of the family Lankesterellidae.
When is region crossing change an unknotting operation?
Authors: CHENG ZHIYUN 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe prove that region crossing change on a link diagram is an unknotting operation if and only if the link is proper. This generalizes the related results in [10] and [2]. Furthermore by studying the relation between region crossing change and the Arf invariant, a new approach to the Arf invariant of proper links is given.
Do community-level predictors of pneumococcal carriage continue to play a role in the conjugate vaccine era?
Authors: HSU K. K. , RIFAS-SHIMAN S. L. , SHEA K. M. , KLEINMAN K. P. , LEE G. M. , LAKOMA M. , PELTON S. I. , FINKELSTEIN J. A. , HUANG S. S. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYThis paper examined whether previously identified community-level factors (high proportion of crowded households and/or persons below the poverty level) remained associated with childhood pneumococcal carriage in the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) era. Using logistic regression, individual factors were used to develop base models to which community-level factors were added to evaluate impact on pneumococcal carriage within two paediatric study cohorts from Massachusetts (urban Boston, outside Boston). Six years after introduction of universal childhood PCV7 vaccination, we found no consistent evidence that census tract characteristics (e.g. population size and density, age and race distribution, percent participating in group childcare, parental education, percent lacking in-unit plumbing, poverty, and community stability) affected odds of pneumococcal carriage when added to individual predictors (e.g. younger age, current respiratory tract infections, and attendance in group childcare). How community-level factors influence pneumococcal carriage continues to change in the era of increasing immunization coverage.