bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IR–UV Double Resonance Spectroscopy as Implemented by Polarized Laser Schemes: Probing Orientations of Vibrational Transition Dipole Moments
Authors: Urashima Shu-hei , Miyazaki Mitsuhiko , Fujii Masaaki , Saigusa Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
IR–UV double resonance spectroscopy based on polarized laser schemes is developed in order to gain information on the orientations of vibrational transition dipole moments. Polarization dependence of IR band shape is presented for the two amino stretching modes of aniline.
Dynamics and efficiency of photoinduced charge transport in DNA:
Toward the elusive molecular wire
Authors: Lewis Frederick D. , Wasielewski Michael R. 
Published: June 2013

Experimental investigations of photoinduced charge transport in synthetic DNA
capped hairpins possessing electron acceptor and donor stilbene chromophores at
either end have established the mechanism, dynamics, and efficiency of charge
transport in DNA. The mechanism for charge transport in repeating A-T base pairs
(A-tracts) was found to change from single-step superexchange at short distances
to multistep incoherent hole hopping at longer distances. The rate constants for
base-to-base hole hopping in longer A- and G-tract sequences are 1.2
× 109 s–1 and 4.3 × 109 s–1,
respectively, considerably slower than the rate constants associated with
molecular wires. Even slower rate constants are observed for alternating or
random base sequences such as those encountered in natural DNA. The efficiency
of charge separation in capped hairpins with A-tract sequences is also low as a
consequence of the competition of hole hopping with charge recombination.
Significantly higher efficiencies for charge separation are possible using
diblock purine base sequences consisting of two or three adenines followed by a
larger number of guanines. The short A-block serves as a molecular rectifier,
slowing down charge recombination. More efficient charge separation can also be
achieved using non-natural bases or by using the triplet acceptor anthraquinone
for hole injection.
Cinema memory: National identity as expressed by Swedish elders in an oral history project
Authors: Jernudd Åsa 
Published: June 2013

This article is a contribution to the ‘new cinema history’ vein of media studies concerning the experience of American films in foreign, local contexts. It explores the cinema memory discourse of senior citizens living in a post-industrial mining region in central Sweden.
The informants offer a variety of narrative strategies of cinema memory that can be related to social differences within the group based on class, membership in social societies and local geopolitics. The informants also take care to mention Swedish films and actors in more or less equal
proportion and with similar enthusiasm compared to American ones, yet Swedish film has only had a limited amount of screen time throughout the age of cinema. The elderly informants’ cinema memories are constructed in dual terms: on the one hand acknowledging traits of cinema culture
in terms of glamour, sincerity and novelty tied to the dominant Hollywood fare and on the other hand taking care to anchor the experience of cinema-going in a strong sense of national community. The contention is that the informants are evoking a cinema-going culture that caters to a deeply
felt human need of belonging, and this belonging is identified with the prosperous Swedish post-war nation state.
Parathyroidectomy eliminates arrhythmic risk in primary hyperparathyroidism, as evaluated by exercise test
Authors: Pepe Jessica , Curione Mario , Morelli Sergio , Varrenti Marisa , Cammarota Camillo , Cilli Mirella , Piemonte Sara , Cipriani Cristiana , Savoriti Claudio , Raimo Orlando , De Lucia Federica , Colangelo Luciano , Clementelli Carolina , Romagnoli Elisabetta , Minisola Salvatore 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate whether parathyroidectomy (PTx) reverses risk factors for arrhythmias related to the QT dynamic changes evaluated during bicycle ergometry exercise test (ET).MethodsTwenty-four postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) (mean age 60.0±8.4 years) and 30 sex- and age-matched controls underwent ET, echocardiography, and biochemical evaluation. The following stages were considered during ET: rest, peak exercise, and recovery. The patients were randomized to two groups: 12 underwent PTx (group A) and 12 were followed-up conservatively (group B). After 6 months, the patients were studied again.ResultsGroups A and B showed no differences in mean baseline biochemical values, echocardiographic parameters, and QTc interval. PHPT patients showed an increased occurrence of ventricular premature beats (VPBs) during ET compared with controls (37.0 vs 6.6%,P=0.03). Serum calcium level was a predictor of VPBs (P=0.05). Mean value of QTc was in the normal range at baseline (group A: 401±16.9; group B: 402.25±13.5 ms) but significantly lower than controls (417.8±25.1 ms,P<0.01). A negative correlation was found between QTc and calcium values (P=0.03). Physiological reduction of QTc interval from rest to peak exercise was not observed in PHPT patients before surgery. After PTx, group A had a significant reduction in VPBs compared with baseline (at baseline, 5 of 12 vs none of 12 patients after PTx,P=0.03) and a restored normal QT adaptation during ET. Group B showed no significant changes after a 6-month period.ConclusionsPTx reduces the occurrence of VPBs and restored the QTc adaptation during ET.
Hydrothermal epitaxy of lead free (Na,K)NbO3-based piezoelectric films
Authors: Handoko Albertus D. , Goh Gregory K. L. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTLead free niobate solid solutions can exhibit piezoelectric properties comparable to that of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectrics in the vicinity of its morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). Here we describe how (Na,K)NbO3 and (Na,K)NbO3-LiTaO3 solid solution thin films can be grown epitaxially by the hydrothermal method at temperatures of 200 °C or below in water and be made ferro- and piezoelectrically active by a simple 2 step post growth treatment.
Thin YBa2Cu3O7-δpatterns by Chemical Solution Processing using Ink-Jet Printing
Authors: Feys Jonas , Ghekiere Bram , Lommens Petra , Hopkins Simon C. , Vermeir Pieter , Baecker Michael , Glowacki Bartek A. , Van Driessche Isabel 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present ink-jet printing as an attractive alternative to lithography and etching methods for the development of multi-filamentary YBa2Cu3O7-δcoated conductors. Our research is mainly focused on the study of the influence of rheological parameters on the printability of water-based inks in order to produce superconducting patterns on SrTiO3and CeO2-La2Zr2O7-Ni5at%W substrates. An aqueous YBCO precursor ink with a total metal ion concentration of 1.1 mol/L with a viscosity of 6.79 mPa s and a surface tension of 67.9 mN/m is developed. Its printing behavior using several ink-jet printing devices is verified using a camera with strobed illumination to quantify droplet velocity and volume. After optimization of the deposition parameters, YBCO tracks with different dimensions could be printed on both types of substrates. Their shape and dimensions were determined using optical microscopy and non-contact profilometry, showing 100-200 nm thick and 40-200 µm wide tracks. Finally, resistivity measurements were performed on the widest tracks on SrTiO3showing a clear drop in the resistivity starting from 88.6 K with a ∆Tcof 1.4 K.
Solution Processed TiO2 Nanotubular Core with Polypyrrole Conducting Polymer Shell Structures for Supercapacitor Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Sidhu Navjot K. , Thankalekshmi Ratheesh R. , Rastogi A.C. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTOrdered one dimensional polypyrrole conducting polymer structure as a shell over TiO2 nanotube arrays at the core were formed by pulsed current electropolymerization. TiO2 nanotubes with rippled wall structure are designed by action of water in the anodizing medium. This provides open tube structure supporting short diffusion length and increased accessibility of ions involved in redox transition for energy storage. Electrochemical properties evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show specific capacitance of 34-44 mF.cm-2 and extremely low bulk and charge transfer resistances.
Electron transport within the two-dimensional electron gas formed at a ZnO/ZnMgO heterojunction: Recent progress
Authors: Hadi Walid A. , Baghani Erfan , Shur Michael S. , O’Leary Stephen K. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTWe employ Monte Carlo simulations of the electron transport that occurs within the two-dimensional electron gas formed at a ZnO/ZnMgO heterojunction. Steady-state and transient electron transport results are presented. We find that at high fields, increases in the free electron concentration result in decreases in the electron drift velocities.
World Incidence of AKI
Authors: Susantitaphong Paweena , Cruz Dinna N. , Cerda Jorge , Abulfaraj Maher , Alqahtani Fahad , Koulouridis Ioannis , Jaber Bertrand L. 
Published: June 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
The burden of AKI around the globe has not been systematically examined.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
A systematic review (2004–2012) of large cohort studies was conducted to estimate the world incidence of AKI and its stages of severity and associated mortality, and to describe geographic variations according to countries, regions, and their economies. AKI definitions were reclassified according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) staging system. Random-effects model meta-analyses and meta-regressions were used to generate summary estimates and explore sources of heterogeneity.

Results
There were 312 studies identified (n=49,147,878) , primarily in hospital settings. Most studies originated from North America, Northern Europe, and Eastern Asia, from high-income countries, and from nations that spent ≥5% of the gross domestic product on total health expenditure. Among the 154 studies (n=3,585,911) that adopted a KDIGO-equivalent AKI definition, the pooled incidence rates of AKI were 21.6% in adults (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 19.3 to 24.1) and 33.7% in children (95% CI, 26.9 to 41.3). The pooled AKI-associated mortality rates were 23.9% in adults (95% CI, 22.1 to 25.7) and 13.8% in children (95% CI, 8.8 to 21.0). The AKI-associated mortality rate declined over time, and was inversely related to income of countries and percentage of gross domestic product spent on total health expenditure.

Conclusions
Using the KDIGO definition, 1 in 5 adults and 1 in 3 children worldwide experience AKI during a hospital episode of care. This analysis provides a platform to raise awareness of AKI with the public, government officials, and health care professionals.
Comments by the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on PCAOB Release No. 2013-002: Proposed Framework for Reorganization of PCAOB Auditing Standards and Related Amendments to PCAOB Auditing Standards and Rules
Authors: Feng Nancy Chun , Pevzner Mikhail 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARY
On March 26, 2013, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) solicited public comments on its exposure draft of the Proposed Framework for Reorganization of PCAOB Auditing Standards and Related Amendments to PCAOB Auditing Standards and Rules. The comment period ended on May 28, 2013. This commentary summarizes the contributors' views on this exposure draft (the exposure draft and other related information are available at: http://pcaobus.org/Rules/Rulemaking/Pages/Docket040.aspx).
Evaluation of the use of digital study models in postgraduate orthodontic programs in the United States and Canada
Authors: Shastry Shruti , Park Jae Hyun 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate the extent, experience, and trends associated with digital model use, as well as the advantages of using a particular study model type (digital or plaster) in postgraduate orthodontic programs in the United States and Canada.

Materials and Methods:
An electronic survey consisting of 14 questions was sent to 72 program directors or chairpersons of accredited orthodontic postgraduate programs in the United States and Canada.

Results:
Fifty-one responded for a 71% response rate. Sixty-five percent of the schools use plaster study models compared with 35% that use digital models. The most common advantages of plaster models were a three-dimensional feel and the ability for them to be mounted on an articulator. The most common advantages of digital models were the ease of storage and retrieval, and the residents' exposure to new technology. About one third of the plaster model users reported that they wanted to switch to digital models in the future, with 12% planning to do so within 1 year.

Conclusions:
Based on our study, 35% of accredited orthodontic postgraduate programs in the United States and Canada are using digital study models in most cases treated in their programs, and the trend is for increased digital model use in the future.
Improvement of the Two-Hemisphere Model-Driven Approach for Generation of the UML Class Diagram
Authors: Nikiforova Oksana , Gusarovs Konstantins , Gorbiks Olegs , Pavlova Natalja 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this paper an ability to apply the two-hemisphere model-driven approach for creation of the UML class diagram is discussed and the way to avoid the limitations of the approach is offered. The result of the proposed improvement of the twohemisphere model-driven approach is the increased number of elements of the UML class diagram available for automatic generation and several statements for semi-automatic transformation of business process diagram and the concept diagram into software components. As a result, the authors can ascertain that it is possible to apply the improved twohemisphere model-driven approach in practice in the real software development, and not only for academic purpose.
Mapping Implementation for Multi-robot System with Glyph Localisation
Authors: Andersone Ilze , Liekna Aleksis , Ņikitenko Agris 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
An important prerequisite for creation of autonomous robot is the ability to create the map of the environment. Robots need to be able to construct a map of the environment and to use it for navigation. In this paper a multirobot mapping approach is proposed, where artificial landmarks (glyphs) are used for robot localisation and only simple sensors - bumper sensors - are available for obstacle detection. The proposed mapping system creates the map of the environment and allows changing the map rapidly in case of inaccurate robot position measurements or sensor errors. The system has a central server and robots use wireless network to communicate with the server. The mapping implementation takes into account the fact that the network has limited bandwidth and only limited amount of data can be sent.
Use of Learning Methods to Improve Kinematic Models
Authors: Priedniece Kintija , Nikitenko Agris , Liekna Aleksis , Kulikovskis Guntis 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Kinematic model is the basic aspect in robot design and motion planning. Kinematic models are idealized, however there exist certain specific aspects of particular robot or environment, so that during navigation, the robot can significantly deviate from the planned trajectory. To increase the accuracy of motions, kinematic model can be improved and to achieve that the artificial intelligence methods can be used. In case of fixed base robots different approaches are used to train kinematics, at the same time, for the mobile base robots it proves to be a more complicated task. The reason is that a mobile robot can move unbound with respect to environment thus it is difficult to control the platform without deviation from the target position, which leads to inaccuracy in the position estimate. This paper presents the method meant for improvement of the accuracy of motion of differential drive platform. Genetic programming is used to obtain the wheel velocity function, from which the coefficient, which describes different factor influence on motion, is obtained. As a result, the kinematic model of a particular platform for a particular task is obtained. This method is effective because the developed kinematic model is more specific than the general one.
Education for Sustainable Development: Experiences from Action Research with Science Teachers
Authors: Kostoulas-Makrakis Nelly , Makrakis Vassilios 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we look at the University of Crete experience to integrate the concept of sustainable development across all its operations. Through a review of current sustainability practices of universities worldwide, this paper has identified a number of principles for developing a sustainable university. These principles are then used as a framework for analysing the sustainable initiatives being implemented at the University of Crete in the context of the Reorient University Curricula to Address Sustainability (RUCAS) project - an EU-Tempus initiative. This effort has been backed-up by two research studies, which indicate the urgent need for institutionalising sustainability across all university functions.
Education for Sustainable Development: Experiences from Action Research with Science Teachers
Authors: El-Deghaidy Heba 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
This study reports on Egyptian science teachers’ experiences in collective action research projects with a focus on education for sustainable development (ESD). Science teachers were enrolled in a study course “Teaching Strategies” that had been revised with a focus on sustainability. The course was introduced in the spring semester of the academic year 2011/2012. Throughout the course, 29 teachers worked in groups to develop projects that promote sustainable development through classroom teaching practices that encourage involvement with local communities around school premises. The framework that guided the study was based on experiential, constructivist and transformative learning theories known collectively as ‘ExConTra’. A mixed methods methodology was used where teachers’ responses to three open-ended reflective questions produced qualitative data that were analysed by identifying themes and patterns. The author developed two quantitative instruments: a Concept Mapping Rubric and a Sustainable Development Questionnaire. The former was to probe the cognitive organisation participants had in relation to the concept of sustainable development before and after developing the action research projects. The latter instrument was used to identify participants’ attitudes towards teaching for ESD and their knowledge of classroom pedagogical practices. Statistical data analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences indicates that teachers in their post-tests had developed: better cognitive organisation for the concept of sustainable development; positive attitudes towards teaching for sustainable development and ESD classroom teaching practices. Involvement in the action research projects where teachers were experiencing, reflecting, conceptualising, constructing, acting and transforming within the context of ESD may be responsible for these results where there are promises to help achieve successful implementation to include ESD in science education.
Education for Sustainable Development at Notre Dame University – Louaize: Environmental Science Curriculum – a Pre-Phase to the Rucas Project on Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Khalaf-Kairouz Layla 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences at Notre Dame University - Louaize, conscious to the need of experts in the emerging field of sustainability and to the role that an educational institution plays for the service of the community, introduced into the university curricula a major in environmental science. This paper will present the programme’s components, goals and implementation. The curriculum encompasses natural, social and managerial sciences, given the interdisciplinary nature of environmental science. Topical courses on water, soil and air pollution, environmental impact assessment and environmental ethics were designed, which integrate theory and practice. The graduates are prepared for managerial, communication and, most importantly, ethical competences to be able to implement best practices in environmental protection and play an active role in the community, especially the public, private, industrial and educational domains. At an inter-faculty level, the programme was successful in offering general education requirements courses on environment, sustainability and ethics, which helped in raising sustainability awareness among the students’ population and strengthened the inter-faculty community relationships. To the present, the main focus of the programme was on education and preparation of graduates for the job market. Research, community outreach and campus sustainability practices need to be further addressed. Therefore, primary efforts should be exerted to improve the outcomes at these domains, especially that the university now joined the international educational programme: RUCAS - Tempus project, which emphasises development and improvements at all the institution sectors.
Contralateral L-6 nerve root transfer to repair lumbosacral plexus root avulsion: experimental study in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Lin Haodong , Chen Aimin , Hou Chunlin 
Published: June 2013

Object
Nerve transfer is used for brachial plexus injuries but has rarely been applied to repairs in the lower extremities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using the contralateral L-6 nerve root to repair lumbosacral plexus root avulsions.

Methods
Eighteen rhesus monkeys were randomized into 3 groups. In the experimental group, the left L4–7 and S-1 nerve roots were avulsed and the right L-6 nerve root was transferred to the left inferior gluteal nerve and the sciatic nerve branch innervating the hamstrings. In the control group, the left L4–7 and S-1 nerve roots were avulsed and nerve transfer was not performed. In the sham operation group, the animals underwent a procedure that did not involve nerve avulsion and nerve transfer. Functional outcomes were measured by electrophysiological study, muscle mass investigation, and histological study.

Results
The mean amplitudes of the compound muscle action potentials from the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group but lower than those in the sham group (p < 0.05). The muscle mass and myofiber cross-sectional area of these muscles were heavier and larger than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The number of myelinated nerve fibers of the inferior gluteal nerve and the branch of the sciatic nerve innervating the hamstrings in the control group was significantly smaller than the number in the experimental and sham groups (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
In this animal model, the contralateral L-6 (analogous to S-1 in humans) nerve root can be used to repair lumbosacral plexus root avulsion.