bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Kidney Function at Hospital Discharge and Long-Term Renal and Overall Survival in Patients Who Received CRRT
Authors: Stads Susanne , Fortrie Gijs , van Bommel Jasper , Zietse Robert , Betjes Michiel G.H. 
Published: April 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
Critically ill patients with AKI necessitating renal replacement therapy (RRT) have high in-hospital mortality, and survivors are at risk for kidney dysfunction at hospital discharge. The objective was to evaluate the association between impaired kidney function at hospital discharge with long-term renal and overall survival.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Degree of kidney dysfunction in relation to long-term effects on renal survival and patient mortality was investigated in a retrospective cohort study of 1220 adults admitted to an intensive care unit who received continuous RRT between 1994 and 2010.

Results
After hospital discharge, median follow-up of survivors (n=475) was 8.5 years (range, 1–17 years); overall mortality rate was 75%. Only 170 (35%) patients were discharged with an estimated GFR (eGFR) >60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Multivariate proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that age, nonsurgical type of admission, preexisting kidney disease, malignancy, and eGFR of 29–15 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 2.58) and eGFR <15 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.23 to 3.02) at discharge were independent predictors of increased mortality. Renal survival was significantly associated with degree of kidney dysfunction at discharge. An eGFR of 29–15 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (HR, 26.26; 95% CI, 5.59 to 123.40) and <15 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (HR, 172.28; 95% CI, 37.72 to 786.75) were independent risk factors for initiation of long-term RRT.

Conclusions
Most critically ill patients surviving AKI necessitating RRT have impaired kidney function at hospital discharge. An eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 is a strong risk factor for decreased long-term survival and poor renal survival.
Financial Reporting Quality of U.S. Private and Public Firms
Authors: Hope Ole-Kristian , Thomas Wayne B. , Vyas Dushyantkumar 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT:
Using a new database that contains accounting data for a large sample of U.S. private firms, we provide an investigation of financial reporting quality (FRQ) of U.S. private versus public firms. We find that in general public firms have higher accrual quality and are more conservative. The results are consistent with public firms' reporting reflecting greater demand for financial information. However, these reporting qualities of public firms are mitigated or eliminated in settings where public firms are more likely to manage earnings or face reduced demand for their financial information. Our study contributes not only to the current debate on private versus public financial accounting, but also to the broader literature attempting to understand the determinants of FRQ.
On the Upsides of Aggregation
Authors: Arya Anil , Glover Jonathan C. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT
Aggregation, and minimizing associated information loss, is a pervasive theme in accounting. In contrast, this paper highlights some potential benefits of aggregation, using simple examples to illustrate ideas from a number of recent papers in a parsimonious manner. Aggregation rules can improve decision making because of their ability to convey appropriate information and because such rules may permit offsetting errors. Turning to control problems, aggregation has merit in the provision of both explicit and implicit incentives. Contracts based on aggregate measures can be part of a conservative process that limits opportunities for cherry-picked corrections by evaluatees, serve as a substitute for the principal's commitment, curb managerial slack by delaying information release, and improve the production versus rents tradeoff by reducing information asymmetry. In the context of implicit incentives, we examine settings wherein effort incentives are provided by the marketplace and/or by an agent's own peers. In light of career concerns and the possibility of mutual monitoring by colleagues, aggregate measures again prove beneficial.
Serum feline-specific pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentrations and abdominal ultrasonographic findings in cats with trauma resulting from high-rise syndrome
Authors: Zimmermann Elke , Hittmair Katharina M. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Steiner Jörg M. , Tichy Alexander , Dupré Gilles 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate serum feline-specific pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPLI) concentrations and abdominal ultrasonographic findings in cats with trauma resulting from high-rise syndrome.
Design—Prospective case series.
Animals—34 client-owned cats.
Procedures—From cats evaluated because of high-rise syndrome between March and October 2009, a blood sample was obtained for measurement of serum fPLI concentration within 12 hours after the fall and at 24, 48, and 72 hours after the first blood collection. Pancreatitis was diagnosed in cats with an fPLI concentration > 5.4 μg/L. Each cat had abdominal ultrasonography performed twice 48 hours apart, and pancreatic trauma was assessed via detection of pancreatic enlargement, hypoechoic or heteroechoic pancreatic parenchyma, hyperechoic mesentery, and peritoneal effusion. Cats were assigned 1 point for each abnormality present, and a cumulative score ≥ 3 was considered suggestive of traumatic pancreatitis.
Results—Traumatic pancreatitis was diagnosed in 9 and 8 cats on the basis of serum fPLI concentration and ultrasonographic findings, respectively. For cats with pancreatitis, fPLI concentration was significantly higher at 12 and 24 hours after the fall than at 48 and 72 hours after the fall, and serum fPLI concentration decreased as time after the fall increased. Significant agreement existed between the use of serum fPLI concentration and abdominal ultrasonography for the diagnosis of traumatic pancreatitis.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cats with high-rise syndrome often had serum fPLI concentrations > 5.4 μg/L within 12 hours after the fall, and concurrent evaluation of those cats via abdominal ultrasonography twice, 48 hours apart, improved detection of traumatic pancreatitis.
Short- and long-term outcomes after digit amputation in dogs: 33 cases (1999–2011)
Authors: Kaufman Kathryn L. , Mann F. A. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine complications and outcomes for dogs that underwent digit amputation.
Design—Retrospective case series and owner survey.
Animals—33 client-owned dogs.
Procedures—Medical records of dogs that underwent digit amputation were evaluated. Signalment, digits amputated, level of amputation, reason for amputation, and complications were recorded. Owners were contacted via mail or telephone to collect follow-up information.
Results—35 digit amputation procedures were performed for the 33 dogs in the study (1 dog underwent 3 procedures). Short-term (≤ 14 days) complications other than lameness were detected in dogs after 13 of 33 (39.4%) procedures for which follow-up information was available; incisional dehiscence was the most common short-term complication. Long-term (>14 days) lameness was detected in dogs after 8 of 32 (25.0%) procedures for which follow-up information was available; lameness was mild or intermittent after 6 of these procedures. Amputation of a digit in a hind limb was the only variable that was significantly associated with the development of short-term complications. Twenty-four of 33 (72.7%) owners responded to the survey via mail or telephone interview; 23 (95.8%) of those owners were satisfied with the procedure. Most dogs had a good functional outcome (including dogs that underwent amputation of digit 3 or 4 or both).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Amputation of a hind limb digit was the only risk factor identified for development of short-term complications. Dogs that underwent amputation of digit 3 or 4 or both did not seem to have a worse outcome than dogs that underwent amputation of other digits.
Safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in dogs and cats: 488 cases (2002–2011)
Authors: Seiler Gabriela S. , Brown James C. , Reetz Jennifer A. , Taeymans Olivier , Bucknoff Melissa , Rossi Federica , Ohlerth Stefanie , Alder Daniela , Rademacher Nathalie , Drost Wm. Tod , Pollard Rachel E. , Travetti Olga , Pey Pascaline , Saunders Jimmy H. , Shanaman Miriam M. , Oliveira Cintia R. , O'Brien Robert T. , Gaschen Lorrie 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the incidence of adverse events within 24 hours after contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in dogs and cats and compare the risk of death within 24 hours after imaging for animals that underwent ultrasonography with and without injection of a contrast agent.
Design—Retrospective case-control study.
Animals—750 animals (411 case dogs, 238 control dogs, 77 case cats, and 24 control cats).
Procedures—At 11 institutions, medical records were reviewed of dogs and cats that had CEUS performed (cases) as were medical records of dogs and cats with clinical signs similar to those of case animals that had ultrasonography performed without injection of a contrast agent (controls). Information regarding signalment; preexisting disease; type, dose, and administration route of contrast agent used; immediate (within 1 hour after CEUS) and delayed (> 1 and ≤ 24 hours after CEUS) adverse events; and occurrence and cause of death (when available) was extracted from each medical record. Risk of death within 24 hours after ultrasonography was compared between case and control animals.
Results—Of the 411 case dogs, 3 had immediate adverse events (vomiting or syncope) and 1 had a delayed adverse event (vomiting). No adverse events were recorded for case cats. Twenty-three of 357 (6.4%) clinically ill case animals and 14 of 262 (5.3%) clinically ill control animals died within 24 hours after ultrasonography; risk of death did not differ between cases and controls.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that CEUS was safe in dogs and cats.
Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of deer owners following identification of a cluster of captive deer with rabies in Pennsylvania in July 2010
Authors: Tack Danielle M. , Blanton Jesse D. , Holman Robert C. , Longenberger Allison H. , Petersen Brett W. , Rupprecht Charles E. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of deer owners following identification of a cluster of captive deer with rabies as an aid for the development of rabies prevention educational materials.
Design—Cross-sectional study.
Population—Captive-deer owners who were members of the Pennsylvania Deer Farmers Association.
Procedures—Information was obtained via a mailed, self-administered questionnaire.
Results—The questionnaire response rate was 59% (249/425). One hundred three of 206 (50%) respondents had incomplete knowledge of rabies virus vectors, transmission, severity, and prevention measures. Birds or snakes were incorrectly identified as rabies vectors by 96 of 213 (45%) respondents, and most (≥ 94%) respondents identified rabies virus reservoirs as vectors. Ninety of 231 (39%) respondents identified death as an outcome of rabies, and 184 of 235 (78%) respondents would seek emergency treatment if they suspected exposure. Only 62 of 235 (26%) respondents would wash a wound immediately. The majority of respondents (173/239 [72%]) did not know the clinical signs of rabies in deer. Nine respondents indicated that they vaccinated their deer against rabies, and the majority of respondents (158/214 [74%]) would be willing to vaccinate.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Findings suggested that deer owners in Pennsylvania have a basic knowledge of rabies; however, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding prevention of rabies transmission could be improved considerably. Rabies educational materials for deer owners should focus on postexposure procedures, disease severity, recognition of rabies in deer, and changes in management practices such as vaccination to prevent rabies.
Role of antioxidant vitamins administration on the oxidative stress
Authors: Tomoeda Miki , Kubo Chiaki , Yoshizawa Hidenori , Yuki Michiko , Kitamura Masanori , Nagata Shigenori , Murakami Masahito , Nishizawa Yasuko , Tomita Yasuhiko 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The health-promoting effects of antioxidant vitamins C and E supplementation are unclear. This study investigated the effects of vitamins C and E on the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes and protein and lipid peroxidation statuses under resting and exercise-induced conditions. Thirteen healthy, previously untrained males (age 20–21 years) participated in this study. Seven subjects performed physical exercise using a cycle ergometer, and six performed a 6-min walk test (6MWT) prior to vitamin administration and after 1-week oral administration of vitamin C (1000 mg/day) and vitamin E (300 IU/day). Venous blood samples were collected before and after exercise. Plasma vitamin C concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and protein carbonyl and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) contents were measured. Antioxidant supplementation increased vitamin C concentration by 34% (p<0.05), decreased SOD activity by 17% (p<0.05), increased GPx activity by 13% (p<0.05), and increased the GPx/SOD activity ratio by 37% (p<0.05). Protein carbonyl and TBARS contents were unaffected. Antioxidant vitamins effectively increase the plasma GPx/SOD activity ratio, but fail to reduce protein carbonyl levels induced by exercise.
Therapy with acetylsalicylic acid does not interfere with oral surgery
Authors: Dudek Damian , Helewski Krzysztof , Wyrobiec Grzegorz , Harabin-Słowińska Marzena , Kowalczyk-Ziomek Grażyna , Żaba Małgorzata , Wesołowski Piotr , Stawski Tomasz , Wojnicz Romuald 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment is widespread therapeutic strategy in cardiology clinics. On the other hand, patients with heart diseases represent a significant group of cases in dental clinics. Accordingly, we studied the local hemostatic thrombus formation after dental tooth extractions (n=47) and other oral surgery treatment (n=13) in 60 patients with heart disease being on ASA therapy without drug discontinuation. In the control group free of ASA therapy it was: (n=24) and (n=6), respectively. In all studied patients, the aggregative activity of blood platelets by PFA-100 analyzer was assessed. It was found that 61.7% patients treated with ASA presented inhibition of platelets aggregation. Unexpectedly, in 35% of such patients, platelet aggregation function remained unchanged. In the control group, normal platelet aggregation was found in all subjects. It has been shown that ASA therapy has neutral effects on both thrombus formation and pain complications in patients with heart disease underwent tooth extraction and other oral surgery. Thus discontinuation of ASA therapy before surgery seems to be weakly validated.
Variability of total and mobile element contents in ash derived from biomass combustion
Authors: Száková Jiřina , Ochecová Pavla , Hanzlíček Tomáš , Perná Ivana , Tlustoš Pavel 
Published: April 2013

AbstractSeven samples of the ash derived from biomass, representing both fly and bottom ash, were analysed for a wide spectrum of total and mobile contents of nutrient and potentially risk elements. Several techniques, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), proton-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE) and proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS) were compared. The results showed fairly good agreement between the XRF and INAA results, where the correlation coefficients (r) varied between 0.96 and 0.98. Lower contents documenting insufficient dissolution of the ash samples in the applied acid mixture were observed for both ICP-OES and AAS. In this case, weaker correlation with the INAA results not exceeding r = 0.7 were obtained. Therefore, the sample decomposition step is a bottleneck of the accurate analysis of this type of materials. For the assessment of plant-available portions of the elements in the ash samples, the Mehlich III extraction procedure and the extraction with a 0.11 mol L−1 solution of CH3COOH were applied. The results showed relatively low mobility of the elements (especially micronutrients) in the ash samples regardless of their source and composition, suggesting limited immediate effect of direct ash application as a fertilizer.
Facial Pain Associated With Fibromyalgia Can Be Marked by Abnormal Neuromuscular Control: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gui Maísa Soares , Pedroni Cristiane Rodrigues , Aquino Luana M. Martins , Pimentel Marcele Jardim , Alves Marcelo Correa , Rossini Sueli , Reimão Rubens , Berzin Fausto , Marques Amélia Pasqual , Rizzatti-Barbosa Célia Marisa 
Published: April 2013

Background
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) development in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is not yet fully understood, but altered neuromuscular control in FMS may play a role in triggering TMD.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to verify the association between neuromuscular control and chronic facial pain in groups of patients with FMS and TMD.

Design
A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Methods
This study involved an analysis of facial pain and electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles in patients with FMS (n=27) and TMD (n=28). All participants were evaluated according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and surface electromyography (SEMG). Myoelectric signal calculations were performed using the root mean square and median frequency of signals.

Results
The data revealed premature interruption of masticatory muscle contraction in both patient groups, but a significant correlation also was found between higher median frequency values and increased facial pain. This correlation probably was related to FMS because it was not found in patients with TMD only. Facial pain and increased SEMG activity during mandibular rest also were positively correlated.

Limitations
Temporal conclusions cannot be drawn from the study. Also, the study lacked a comparison group of patients with FMS without TMD as well as a control group of individuals who were healthy.

Conclusions
Altered neuromuscular control in masticatory muscles may be correlated with perceived facial pain in patients with FMS.
Fast presurgical functional mapping using task-related intracranial high gamma activity
Authors: Qian Tianyi , Zhou Wenjing , Ling Zhipei , Gao Shangkai , Liu Hesheng , Hong Bo 
Published: April 2013

Object
Electrocorticography (ECoG) is a powerful tool for presurgical functional mapping. Power increase in the high gamma band has been observed from ECoG electrodes on the surface of the sensory motor cortex during the execution of body movements. In this study the authors aim to validate the clinical usage of high gamma activity in presurgical mapping by comparing ECoG mapping with traditional direct electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) and functional MRI (fMRI) mapping.

Methods
Seventeen patients with epilepsy participated in an ECoG motor mapping experiment. The patients executed a 5-minute hand/tongue movement task while the ECoG signal was recorded. All 17 patients also underwent extraoperative ECS mapping to localize the motor cortex. Eight patients also participated in a presurgical fMRI study. The high gamma activity on ECoG was modeled using the general linear model (GLM), and the regions showing significant gamma power increase during the task condition compared with the rest condition were localized. The maps derived from GLM-based ECoG mapping, ECS, and fMRI were then compared.

Results
High gamma activity in the motor cortex can be reliably modulated by motor tasks. Localization of the motor regions achieved with GLM-based ECoG mapping was consistent with the localization determined by ECS. The maps also appeared to be highly localized compared with the fMRI activations. Using the ECS findings as the reference, GLM-based ECoG mapping showed a significantly higher sensitivity than fMRI (66.7% for ECoG, 52.6% for fMRI, p < 0.05), while the specificity was high for both techniques (> 97%). If the current-spreading effect in ECS is accounted for, ECoG mapping may produce maps almost identical to those produced by ECS mapping (100% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity).

Conclusions
General linear model–based ECoG mapping showed a superior performance compared to traditional ECS and fMRI mapping in terms of efficiency and accuracy. Using this method, motor functions can be reliably mapped in less than 5 minutes.
Mediation of multiple pathways regulating cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in the human malignant glioma cell line U87MG via unphosphorylated STAT1
Authors: Ju Haitao , Li Xin , Li Hong , Wang Xiaojuan , Wang Hongwei , Li Yang , Dou Changwu , Zhao Gang 
Published: April 2013

Object
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is thought to be a tumor suppressor protein. The authors investigated the expression and role of STAT1 in glioblastoma.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of STAT1 in glioblastoma and normal brain tissues. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of STAT1. Cell growth, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and the expression of related genes and proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, p21, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen) were examined in vitro via cell counting kit-8, wound-healing, flow cytometry, Rhodamine B, TUNEL, and Western blot assays.

Results
Human glioblastoma had decreased expression of STAT1 proteins. Transfection of the U87MG cells with STAT1 plasmid in vitro demonstrated significant inhibition of cell growth and an increase in apoptotic cell death compared with cells transfected with vector or mock plasmids. These effects were associated with the upregulation of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and p21 and the downregulation of Bcl-2 expression.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that increased expression of STAT1 by transfection with STAT1 plasmid synergistically inhibits human U87MG glioblastoma cell growth in vitro.