bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cigarette Smoking on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Fukamizu Seiji , Sakurada Harumizu , Takano Makoto , Hojo Rintarou , Nakai Mori , Yuba Takao , Komiyama Kota , Tatsumoto Akiko , Maeno Kenichi , Mizusawa Yuka , Tanabe Yasuhiro , Suzuki Makoto , Tejima Tamotsu , Nishizaki Mitsuhiro , Kobayashi Youichi , Hiraoka Masayasu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Previous studies have shown that atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein (PV) isolation depends on various factors; however, the effect of cigarette smoking on AF recurrence after PV isolation has not been investigated.Methods and Results: Fifty‐nine consecutive patients with drug‐refractory AF (48 men and 11 women, mean age: 60 ± 11 years) who underwent PV isolation were included. The patients were divided into two groups: the non‐smoker group, i.e., “never smokers (n = 29),” and the smoker group consisting of 30 patients who were either “former smokers (n = 15)” or “current smokers (n = 15)”. The diameter of all four PVs and the left atrial volume tended to be larger in the smoker group. During the mean follow‐up period of 306 ± 95 days, the AF recurrence rate was higher in the smoker group than in the non‐smoker group (43% vs. 14%, p < 0.05). The relative risk of AF recurrence associated with smoking was 3.19 (95% CI 1.23 to 8.27, p = 0.017). The AF recurrence rate was increased in both current smokers (40%) and former smokers (47%) compared to never smokers (14%).Conclusions: AF recurrence after PV isolation was significantly higher in the smoking patients. The substrate of AF may be worsened by exposure to cigarette smoking.
Short‐term Venous Patency after Implantation of Permanent Pacemakers or Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Authors: Nakae Takeshi , Enjoji Yoshihisa , Noro Mahito , Sugi Kaoru 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThere is little information on venous patency after pacing leads are inserted in veins during pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation. Herein we present a report on venous patency during the immediate postoperative period after permanent pacemaker or ICD implantation.Subjects and Methods: Twenty‐five patients underwent a permanent pacemaker or ICD implantation by venous puncture method, and venography was performed 1 week later. We assessed the pacemaker‐implantation side, approach used, implanted device, number of implanted leads, and clinical symptoms.Results: Narrowing of the vein was found in 14 patients (56%), including 7 patients (28%) with occlusion. Stenosis and occlusion were seen more in patients with left‐sided implantation than those with right‐sided implantation (71% vs. 25%, P < 0.05). ICD implantation was more frequently associated with venous stenosis or occlusion than pacemaker implantation (65% vs. 37.5%, P < 0.05). The approach used and the number of leads implanted did not correlate with venous stenosis or occlusion. Six of the 7 patients who developed complete occlusion showed clinical symptoms.Conclusion: Thrombus formation after pacemaker implantation can occur in the acute stage within 1 week. The incidence of venous stenosis or thrombus formation was higher with leftsided implantation and ICD.
Catheter Ablation of a Complex Atrial Tachycardia after Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot Guided by Combined Noncontact and Contact Mapping
Authors: Fujii Eitaro , Senga Michiharu , Sugiura Shinya , Yamazato Shoichiro , Nakanura Mashio , Ito Masaaki 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA 34‐year‐old man with a surgically repaired Tetralogy of Fallot complained of palpitation, fatigue, and presyncope. A 12‐lead ECG showed atrial tachycardia with a cycle length of 250 ms and a P wave morphology positive in leads II, III and aVF, and negative in lead V1. Although the EnSite system (version 6.OJ) made use of noncontact mapping to delineate the counterclockwise reentry around the crista tenninalis, it was difficult to rule out the incisional atrial reentry because the location of the surgical incision was far from the multi‐electrode array. Since the bipolar contact mapping of the EnSite system revealed the location of the atriotomy incision, entrainment mapping during the tachycardia demonstrated the critical reentry circuit around the crista terminalis. Radiofrequency ablation targeting the critical isthmus from the lower position of the crista terminalis to the posterior dense scar which was continuous with the inferior vena cava, and to the atriotomy scar, eliminated the tachycardia.
A Case of Adenosine Sensitive Atrial Tachycardia Originating from the His‐Bundle Region Successfully Ablated from the Non‐coronary Aortic Cusp
Authors: Yamashita Seigo , Yamane Teiichi , Matsuo Seiichiro , Ito Keiichi , Narui Ryohsuke , Hioki Mika , Nakane Tokiko , Tokuda Michifumi , Aramaki Yasuko , Inada Keiichi , Shibayama Kenri , Miyanaga Satoru , Yoshida Hiroshi , Date Taro , Miyazaki Hidekazu , Abe Kunihiko , Sugimoto Ken‐ichi , Yoshimura Michihiro 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe case of a patient with narrow QRS tachycardia is herein presented. During an electrophysiological study, this tachycardia was diagnosed as a focal atrial tachycardia with a high sensitivity to adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate (2 mg), and originating from near the His‐bundle region. We could not ablate the earliest activation site in the right atrium because of the simultaneous recording of the His potential. The radiofrequency applications in the right atrium around the earliest activation site failed to terminate the tachycardia. Subsequent attempt of radiofrequency application in the non‐coronary aortic cusp, where the earliest atrial activation without His potential was obtained, successfully eliminated the tachycardia without any atrioventricular nodal injury.
Sick Sinus Syndrome After a Single Oral Administration of Garenoxacin
Authors: Sugiyama Chiyo , Kojima Yoshinobu , Hashimoto Yasumasa , Morishita Kentaro , Sato Hironobu , Kumada Hirokazu , Morita Norihiko 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis report presents the case of a 60‐year‐old female who demonstrated sick sinus syndrome after a single administration of Garenoxacin (GRNX). She was administered GRNX for an upper respiratory infection and 10 minutes thereafter, she suddenly felt palpitation and numbness of both arms. She was transferred to the hospital 2 hours after taking GRNX. An electrocardiogram showed bradycardia with junctional escape beats and the longest sinus arrest was 4 seconds. She was treated with a temporary pacemaker and 21 hours after the administration of GRNX her sinus node function was observed to have completely improved. GRNX‐induced sick sinus syndrome was suspected because her clinical course was compatible with the concentration of GRNX and her other cardiological assessments, including an electrophysiologic study (EPS) which were conducted on the 9th day of the admission, were normal. GRNX has less effect on the QT interval than other quinolone agents. However, physicians should be aware of the risk of sick sinus syndrome because GRNX is frequently prescribed in outpatient clinics.
Three Dimensional Electroanatomical Mapping of Lower Loop Reentry in Patients with Intracardiac Operation
Authors: Kawata Hiro , Suyama Kazuhiro , Yokoawa Miki , Yamagata Kenichiro , Yokoyama Teruki , Makimoto Hisaki , Doi Atsushi , Yamada Yuko , Okamura Hideo , Noda Takashi , Satomi Kazuhiro , Shimizu Wataru , Aihara Naohiko , Kamakura Shiro 
Published: August 2012

Introduction: The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of lower loop reentry (LLR. in patients who underwent cardiac surgery.Methods: Of 194 patients from 2000 to 2007 with negative flutter waves in the inferior leads (II, III, and aVf), 4 patients had LLR and reentrant circuits identified by a 3D activation sequence mapping system. We studied the characteristics of the surface electrocardiogram (ECG. patterns of those LLRs.Results: All 4 patients had a history of an intracardiac operation. The 3D activation sequence mapping system during the LLR exhibited a clockwise (CW. wavefront around the inferior vena cava (IVC. from the caudal view. During the LLR, the right atrium (RA. free wall was activated in a caudal‐cranial sequence and a collision of two activation wavefronts from the lower RA and upper RA occurred at the RA free wall.Conclusions: The 3D activation mapping during the AT revealed an activation wavefront propagating around the IVC and the diagnosis of LLR. Detailed 3D electroanatomical mapping and pacing study are needed to identify the reentrant circuit of LLR in patients with previous intracardiac surgery.
Safety and Efficacy of Low‐Dose Continuous Infusion of Landiolol, an Ultra‐Short‐Acting β‐blocker, in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Sato Manabu , Suenaga Etsuro , Fumoto Hideyuki , Kawasaki Hiromitsu , Koga Shugo , Maki Fumie 
Published: August 2012

Introduction: Landiolol hydrochloride is an ultra‐short‐acting β‐blocker that is administered intravenously and has many advantages in cardiac surgery. This study was performed to examine the safety and efficacy of low‐dose landiolol continuous infusion in cardiac surgery.Methods and Results: Nineteen patients who underwent either aortic valve replacement or coronary artery bypass surgery received low‐dose continuous infusion of landiolol (2.8 ± 0.75 μg/kg/min. from the time of skin incision until the second postoperative day. Nineteen patients who did not receive landiolol served as controls. Heart rate, arterial pressure, cardiac index, and stroke volume were measured and the occurrence of supraventricular tachyarrythmia was monitored for one week after surgery. Landiolol decreased the heart rate without causing hemodynamic deterioration. The incidence of supraventricular tachyarrythmia was 32% and 47% in the landiolol and control groups, respectively (P = 0.50).Conclusions: Landiolol is effective for decreasing heart rate while maintaining other hemodynamic parameters. Our data did not show a clear prophylactic effect of landiolol on postoperative supraventricular tachyarrythmia.
Success in Avoiding Reoperation through Follow‐up in a Case of Sick Sinus Syndrome Despite Transient Marked Elevation in Atrial Threshold
Authors: Sasaoka Shunsuke , Muramatsu Toshiya , Sakai Tsuyoshi 
Published: August 2012

The patient was a 43‐year‐old male whose chief complaint was syncope. Electrocardiography at the first visit revealed escaped rhythm (38 bpm). After hospitalization he developed reverse common atrial flutter (AFL) and underwent catheter ablation. After termination of atrial flutter by ablation, sinus arrest was noted, allowing a diagnosis of bradycardia‐tachycardia syndrome, for which the patient underwent pacemaker implantation.Twenty days after implantation, a marked elevation of atrial threshold was noted, despite absence of a change in lead resistance or position, and atrial capturing was not possible even at the maximum output (8 V/ 1.2 ms). The cause remained unknown and the patient was followed without active intervention. Atrial threshold normalized during the follow‐up, but no change was noted in lead resistance or position even at the time of normalization.
Comparison of Automatic and Manual Threshold Testing in Patients with Permanent Pacemakers: Results from COMET Study
Authors: Ando Kenji , Miura Fumiharu , Masani Fumiaki , Kakugawa Hiroyuki , Tejima Tomoyuki , Doi Kentaro 
Published: August 2012

Background: Automaticity of cardiac devices is designed to reduce the burden on physicians while securing patient safety. The aim of this study is to elucidate accuracy of automatic adjustment algorithm of pacing output and effectiveness of this feature for time reduction during clinic visits.Methods and Results: Patients implanted with pacemakers capable of automatically adjusting the pacing output were enrolled. During their routine device follow‐ups, pacing thresholds were compared between manual measurements and most recently recorded data in the device, which had been measured automatically at prespecified timing. Difference betwee n −0.25 and 0.5 volts were predefined as equivalent. Time required for conventional follow‐up was also compared to device interrogation and data assessment. A total of 359 patients from 32 centers were enrolled. Calculated 95% confidence interval of difference in volts for atrium was (−0.0625, 0) and the difference for ventricle was nonsignificant. These results met the equivalence criteria. Observed time to interrogate and assess device‐stored pacing threshold was shorter by average of 3.3 minutes compared to manual method.Conclusions: The pacing threshold determined by the automatic measurement algorithm was accurate. Follow‐up time was shorter when utilizing automaticity of pacemakers. The system is safe and time efficient.
Carvedilol, a Non‐Selective β‐with α1‐Blocker is Effective in Long QT Syndrome Type 2
Authors: Kimura Hiromi , Mizusawa Yuka , Itoh Hideki , Miyamoto Akashi , Kawamura Mihoko , Kawaguchi Tamiro , Naiki Nobu , Oka Yuko , Ohno Seiko , Makiyama Takeru , Ito Makoto , Horie Minoru 
Published: August 2012

Background: β‐blockers offer the first line therapy in congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS), and are more effective to prevent the cardiac event in LQTS type 1 than in type 2 or 3. In contrast, left cardiac sympathetic denervation (LCS D) was shown to be highly effective in patients refractory to β‐blockers. Total sympathetic ablation by LCSD indicates the addititional involvement of α‐adr enoceptor‐mediated pathway. In genotyped LQT2 patients, we therefore hypothesized that blockade of α‐adrenoceptor in addition to α‐adrenoceptor by carvedilol could reduce cardiac events more efficiently than other types of β‐blockers.Methods and Results: The study population consisted of 51 genotyped LQT2 patients (18 males, 23 ± 11years old). They were divided into 2 groups (group 1: 43 patients treated with selective β‐blockers, group 2: 8 patients with carvedilol) and retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of the respective β‐blocker therapy in suppressing cardiac events. Cardiac events were observed in 11 patients of group 1 (26%) but none in group 2 during a follow‐up period of 83 ± 80 months (P = 0.098).Conclusions: Carvedilol may be a potentially beneficial therapy for genotyped LQT2 patients who are refractory to other β selective blockers.
Collision modelling for the interface-resolved simulation of spherical particles in viscous fluids
Authors: Kempe Tobias , Fröhlich Jochen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe paper presents a model for particle–particle and particle–wall collisions during interface-resolving numerical simulations of particle-laden flows. The accurate modelling of collisions in this framework is challenging due to methodological problems generated by interface approach and contact as well as due to the greatly different time scales involved. To cope with this situation, multiscale modelling approaches are introduced avoiding excessive local grid refinement during surface approach and time step reduction during the surface contact. A new adaptive model for the normal forces in the phase of ‘dry contact’ is proposed, stretching the collision process in time to match the time step of the fluid solver. This yields a physically sound and robust collision model with modified stiffness and damping determined by an optimization scheme. Furthermore, the model is supplemented with a new approach for modelling the tangential force during oblique collisions which is based on two material parameters: a critical impact angle separating rolling from sliding and the friction coefficient for the sliding motion. The resulting new model is termed the adaptive collision model (ACM). All proposed sub-models only contain physical parameters, and virtually no numerical parameters requiring adjustment or tuning. The new model is implemented in the framework of an immersed boundary method but is applicable with any spatial and temporal discretization. Detailed validation against experimental data was performed so that a general and versatile model for arbitrary collisions of spherical particles in viscous fluids is now available.
Bubble breakup simulation in nozzle flows
Authors: Ivashnyov Oleg E. , Ivashneva Marina N. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractExperiments on high-pressure vessel decompression have shown that vaporization occurs in ‘boiling shocks’ moving with a velocity of ${\ensuremath{\sim} }10~\mathrm{m} ~{\mathrm{s} }^{\ensuremath{-} 1} $. To explain this phenomenon, a model accounting for bubble breakup was suggested (Ivashnyov, Ivashneva & Smirnov, J. Fluid. Mech., vol. 413, 2000, pp. 149–180). It was shown that the explosive boiling was caused by chain bubble fragmentation, which led to a sharp increase in the interface area and instantaneous transformation of the mixture into an equilibrium state. In the present study, this model is used to simulate nozzle flows with no change in the free parameters chosen earlier for modelling a tube decompression. It is shown that an advanced model ensures the best correspondence to experiments for flashing flows in comparison with an equilibrium model and with a model of boiling at a constant number of centres. It is also shown that the formation of a boiling shock in a critical nozzle flow leads to autovibrations.
The effect of yellow pea protein and fibre on short-term food intake, subjective appetite and glycaemic response in healthy young men
Authors: Smith Christopher E. , Mollard Rebecca C. , Luhovyy Bohdan L. , Anderson G. Harvey 
Published: August 2012

Pulses are low-glycaemic foods rich in protein (20–25 %), resistant starch and fibre that suppress appetite and glycaemia. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the component(s) of yellow peas responsible for these benefits and assess their efficacy as value-added food ingredients. We investigated the effects of 10 or 20 g of isolated yellow pea protein (P10 and P20) or fibre (F10 and F20) on food intake (FI) at an ad libitum pizza meal served at 30 min (Expt 1, n 19) or 120 min (Expt 2, n 20) and blood glucose (BG) and appetite in young, healthy males (20–30 years). In Expt 1, P20 led to lower FI than control (4937 (sem 502) v. 5632 (sem 464) kJ (1180 (sem 120) v. 1346 (sem 111) kcal)) and all other treatments (P < 0·01) and lower cumulative FI (pizza meal kcal+treatment kcal; CFI) compared to F10 (5460 (sem 498) v. 6084 (sem 452) kJ (1305 (sem 119) v. 1454 (sem 108) kcal); P = 0·033). Both protein treatments suppressed mean pre-meal (0–30 min) BG compared to control (P < 0·05), whereas only P20 suppressed mean post-meal (50–120 min) BG (P < 0·01). There was no effect of treatment on pre-meal or post-meal appetite. In Expt 2, there was no effect of treatment on FI, CFI, or pre- or post-meal BG or appetite. In conclusion, protein is the component responsible for the short-term effects of yellow peas in the regulation of glycaemia and FI, but its second-meal effects disappear by 2 h post-consumption.
Regular consumption of pulses for 8 weeks reduces metabolic syndrome risk factors in overweight and obese adults
Authors: Mollard R. C. , Luhovyy B. L. , Panahi S. , Nunez M. , Hanley A. , Anderson G. H. 
Published: August 2012

Pulses are low in energy density, supporting their inclusion in the diet for the management of risk factors of the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). The aim of the present study was to describe the effects of frequent consumption (five cups/week over 8 weeks) of pulses (yellow peas, chickpeas, navy beans and lentils), compared with counselling to reduce energy intake by 2093 kJ/d (500 kcal/d), on risk factors of the MetSyn in two groups (nineteen and twenty-one subjects, respectively) of overweight or obese (mean BMI 32·8 kg/m2) adults. Body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood parameters and 24 h food intakes were measured at weeks 1, 4 and 8. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and ghrelin were measured after a 75 g oral glucose load at weeks 1 and 8. At week 8, both groups reported reductions in energy intake, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glycosylated Hb (HbA1c) and glucose AUC and homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) following the glucose load (P < 0·05). However, HDL, fasting C-peptide and insulin AUC responses were dependent on diet (P < 0·05). HDL and C-peptide increased by 4·5 and 12·3 %, respectively, in the pulse group, but decreased by 0·8 and 7·6 %, respectively, in the energy-restricted group. Insulin AUC decreased in both females and males on the energy-restricted diet by 24·2 and 4·8 %, respectively, but on the pulse diet it decreased by 13·9 % in females and increased by 27·3 % in males (P < 0·05). In conclusion, frequent consumption of pulses in anad libitumdiet reduced risk factors of the MetSyn and these effects were equivalent, and in some instances stronger, than counselling for dietary energy reduction.
Pulse consumption in Canadian adults influences nutrient intakes
Authors: Mudryj Adriana N. , Yu Nancy , Hartman Terryl J. , Mitchell Diane C. , Lawrence Frank R. , Aukema Harold M. 
Published: August 2012

Pulses (dry beans, peas, lentils) are nutrient-dense foods that are recommended as good choices in either the vegetable or meat and alternative food groups in Canada's Food Guide. To examine the prevalence and the effect of pulse consumption on nutrient intake in Canadian adults ( ≥ 19 years), we analysed cross-sectional data (n 20 156) from the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2·2. Participants were divided into non-consumers and quartiles of pulse intake. Sample weights were applied and logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of nutrient intakes and pulse consumption, with cultural background, sex, age and economic status included as covariates. On any given day, 13 % of Canadians consume pulses, with the highest consumption in the Asian population. The pulse intake of consumers in the highest quartile was 294 (se 40) g/d and, compared with non-consumers, these individuals had higher intakes of carbohydrate, fibre and protein. As well, the micronutrient intake of pulse consumers was enhanced, resulting in fewer individuals who were below the estimated average requirement for thiamin, vitamin B6, folate, Fe, Mg, P and Zn, compared with non-consumers. Although pulses are generally low in Na, its intake also was higher in pulse consumers. Among the higher quartiles of pulse consumers, fruit and vegetable intake was one serving higher. These data indicate that pulse consumption supports dietary advice that pulses be included in healthful diets. Further studies elucidating the sources of increased Na in pulse consumers will be necessary so that dietary advice to increase consumption of pulses will maximise their nutritional benefits.