bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining Physical Activity Maintenance After a Theory‐Based Intervention Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Process Evaluation of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Knittle Keegan , De Gucht Véronique , Hurkmans Emalie , Vlieland Thea Vliet , Maes Stan 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveRegular physical activity (PA) benefits patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly when maintained over time. Research in this area has largely focused on factors associated with initiating PA, while factors contributing to PA maintenance, particularly after lifestyle interventions, have received less attention. This study examined whether higher levels of autonomous motivation, self‐efficacy for PA, and greater use of self‐regulation skills mediated PA initiation and maintenance 6 months after a theory‐based motivational interviewing and self‐regulation coaching intervention.MethodsSeventy‐eight individuals with RA were randomized to receive either a patient‐education session (control group), or the patient‐education session plus 1 motivational interview and 2 self‐regulation coaching sessions (treatment group). Mediation analyses examined the effects of this intervention on PA initiation and maintenance through the intermediate variables autonomous motivation, self‐efficacy for PA, and use of self‐regulation skills. Analyses were controlled for age, sex, and previous levels of PA.ResultsThe treatment group reported significantly higher autonomous motivation and greater use of self‐regulation skills than controls at posttreatment. Increases in PA from baseline to posttreatment were not mediated by any intermediate variables. However, maintenance of PA from posttreatment to followup (6 months later) was mediated by greater autonomous motivation and use of self‐regulation skills.ConclusionGreater autonomous motivation and use of self‐regulation skills predict maintenance of PA following a motivational interviewing and self‐regulation coaching intervention. In promoting PA among patients with RA, supporting patient autonomy and teaching self‐regulation skills, which focus attention on achieving PA goals, may improve long‐term maintenance of PA.
Concomitant fat embolism syndrome and pulmonary embolism in a patient with a femoral shaft fracture
Authors: Ebina Masatomo , Inoue Akira , Atsumi Takahiro , Ariyoshi Koichi 
Published: July 2015

CaseA 22‐year‐old man was injured in a traffic accident and developed respiratory distress on his first day of admission. On postadmission day 3, he developed serious respiratory distress with a suddenly altered mental status. Chest computed tomography revealed a pulmonary embolism that had not been evident when he was admitted. The patient was intubated and a continuous heparin infusion was started to treat the pulmonary embolism. Palpebral conjunctival petechiae were noticed the following day, at which point the patient fulfilled Gurd's criteria for fat embolism syndrome. Within a few days, his respiratory status was improved. Brain magnetic resonance imaging also provided evidence of fat embolism syndrome. His femoral shaft fracture was repaired on day 20.OutcomeThe patient was discharged home on postadmission day 63.ConclusionConcomitant fat embolism syndrome and pulmonary embolism, although very rare, should be considered when a trauma patient's respiratory status worsens.
Vibrational relaxation and decoherence in structured environments: a numerical investigation
Authors: Bonfanti Matteo , Hughes Keith H. , Burghardt Irene , Martinazzo Rocco 
Published: July 2015

Vibrational relaxation is a key issue in chemical reaction dynamics in condensed phase and at the gas‐surface interface, where the environment is typically highly structured and cannot be expressed in terms of a simple friction coefficient. Rather, full knowledge of the coupling of the molecular oscillator to the environment is required, as typically subsumed in the spectral density of the environmental coupling. Here, we focus on harmonic Brownian motion and investigate the effectiveness of classical, canonical position autocorrelation functions to compute the spectral density of the coupling needed to describe vibrational relaxation in complex environments. Classical dynamics is performed on model systems, and several effects are investigated in detail, notably the presence of anharmonicity, the role of a high‐frequency “Debye” cutoff in the environment and the influence of the detailed structure of the latter. The spectral densities are then used in standard independent oscillator Hamiltonian models which are numerically solved at T = 0 K to investigate quantum relaxation and decoherence.
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Altersabhängige Level von 5‐Methyl‐, 5‐Hydroxymethyl‐ und 5‐Formylcytosin in Hirngeweben des Menschen und der Maus
Authors: Wagner Mirko , Steinbacher Jessica , Kraus Theo F. J. , Michalakis Stylianos , Hackner Benjamin , Pfaffeneder Toni , Perera Arshan , Müller Markus , Giese Armin , Kretzschmar Hans A. , Carell Thomas 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDie absoluten Level von 5‐Hydroxymethyl‐ (hmC) und 5‐Methylcytosin (mC) in humanen Hirngeweben wurden in Abhängigkeit vom Lebensalter bestimmt. Zusätzlich wurden die absoluten 5‐Formylcytosin‐Level (fC) in adulten Individuen und die Level dieser modifizierten Cytosinbasen in menschlichen Neuronen quantifiziert. Wir vergleichen diese Daten mit den altersabhängigen Mengen von fC, hmC und mC in Hirngeweben der Maus. Bei hmC wird mit zunehmendem Alter zunächst ein Anstieg der Modifikationsdichte beobachtet. Im voll entwickelten Gehirn steigt das hmC‐Level nicht weiter an, sondern bleibt auf einem konstant hohen Niveau von ca. 1.2 % beim Menschen. Dieser Wert ist etwa doppelt so hoch wie das hmC‐Level im zerebralen Cortex der adulten Maus. Im Unterschied dazu sinkt das fC‐Level in den frühen Entwicklungsstadien mit zunehmendem Alter stark ab. Bei hmC könnte es sich dementsprechend um eine stabile epigenetische Modifikation handeln, während fC in den frühen Gehirnentwicklungsphasen vermutlich eher als Intermediat der aktiven DNA‐Demethylierung auftritt.
Dimere TADDOL‐Phosphoramidite in der asymmetrischen Katalyse: Domino‐Deracemisierung/Cyclopropanierung von Sulfoniumyliden
Authors: Klimczyk Sebastian , Misale Antonio , Huang Xueliang , Maulide Nuno 
Published: July 2015

AbstractEine Gold‐katalysierte asymmetrische Cyclopropanierung von nicht‐aktivierten Olefinen mit Sulfoniumyliden unter Verwendung eines bimetallischen Katalysators mit einem neuartigen dimeren TADDOL‐Phosphoramiditliganden wird vorgestellt. Die Reaktion ermöglicht eine seltene Gold‐katalysierte dynamische Deracemisierung von chiralen racemischen Substraten, woraus gefolgert wird, dass der Katalysator mehrere Aufgaben auf synergistische Weise übernimmt. Die Produkte sind nützliche Synthesebausteine und ermöglichen einen effizienten Zugang zu Naturstoffen.
In Situ Microfocus Chemical Computed Tomography of the Composition of a Single Catalyst Particle During Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene in the Liquid Phase
Authors: Price Stephen W. T. , Geraki Kalotina , Ignatyev Konstantin , Witte Peter T. , Beale Andrew M. , Mosselmans J. Fred W. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractHeterogeneous catalysis performed in the liquid phase is an important type of catalytic process which is rarely studied in situ. Using microfocus X‐ray fluorescence and X‐ray diffraction computed tomography (μ‐XRF‐CT, μ‐XRD‐CT) in combination with X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy (XANES), we have determined the active state of a Mo‐promoted Pt/C catalyst (NanoSelect) for the liquid‐phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene under standard operating conditions. First, μ‐XRF‐CT and μ‐XRD‐CT reveal the active state of Pt catalyst to be reduced, noncrystalline, and evenly dispersed across the support surface. Second, imaging of the Pt and Mo distribution reveals they are highly stable on the support and not prone to leaching during the reaction. This study demonstrates the ability of chemical computed tomography to image the nature and spatial distribution of catalysts under reaction conditions.
In Vivo Remote Control of Reactions inCaenorhabditis elegansby Using Supramolecular Nanohybrids of Carbon Nanotubes and Liposomes
Authors: Miyako Eijiro , Chechetka Svetlana A. , Doi Motomichi , Yuba Eiji , Kono Kenji 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA supramolecular nanohybrid based on carbon nanotubes and liposomes that is highly biocompatible and capable of permeation through cells is described. The nanohybrid can be loaded with a variety of functional molecules and is structurally controlled by near‐infrared laser irradiation for the release of molecules from the nanohybrids in a targeted manner via microscopy. We implemented the controlled release of molecules from the nanohybrids and demonstrated remote regulation of the photoinduced nanohybrid functions. As a proof of principle, nanohybrids loaded with amiloride were successfully used in the spatiotemporally targeted blocking of amiloride‐sensitive mechanosensory neurons in livingCaenorhabditis elegans. Our prototype could inspire new designs for biomimetic parasitism and symbiosis, and biologically active nanorobots for the higher‐level manipulation of organisms.
Vegetal fiber‐based biocomposites: Which stakes for food packaging applications?
Authors: Berthet Marie‐Alix , Angellier‐Coussy Hélène , Guillard Valérie , Gontard Nathalie 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTConsidering the needs of designing suitable food packaging that is able to decrease food losses while reducing the overall environmental impact of the food/packaging system, full biocomposites, i.e., both biodegradable and bio‐sourced, are becoming serious candidates for food packaging applications. This article aims at reviewing the knowledge about the functional properties of vegetal fibers‐based biocomposites, by considering the specific stakes relative to the food packaging application, i.e., the targeted functional properties, including mechanical properties and mass transfer properties (especially the permeability toward O2, CO2, and water vapor), the processability of materials using conventional equipments, the economical competitiveness, and the food safety. The first part summarizes the main characteristics of the constituents, i.e., matrices and fillers, and the processing routes to prepare biocomposites. In the second part, the ways to better understand and control the mass transfer properties in biocomposites will be deciphered by reminding the role of mass transfers in the food/packaging system and by focusing on how mass transfer properties are impacted by the material structure and mechanical properties. Food safety aspects will also be considered, by highlighting the possible undesirable migration from biocomposites toward food. This review will conclude on the main bottlenecks that should be resolved in order to make the use of biocomposites more viable for food packaging applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42528.
Phosphorus‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane/polyimides hybrid materials with low dielectric constant and low coefficients of thermal expansion
Authors: Li Xuesong , Hao Jinmeng , Jiang Qiyang , Mu Jianxin , Jiang Zhenhua 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTNovel phosphorus‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)/polyimides (PI) hybrid materials with low dielectric constant and low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) were prepared and characterized. The POSS/PI hybrid materials were synthesized with octa(aminopropyl)silsesquioxane (OAPS) and a series of phosphorus‐containing polyamide acids(PAA). The PAAs were synthesized with bis(4‐aminophenoxy) phenyl phosphine oxide (BAPPO), 4,4’‐diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) and 3,3',4,4'‐biphenyl tetracarboxylic diandhydride (BPDA). The structures and properties of the hybrid materials were characterized. And the effect of the phosphorus‐containing structure on the POSS/PI hybrid materials was discussed. The dielectric constants and CTE of the hybrid materials were remarkably lower than that of the unmodified POSS/PI films. The lowest values of dielectric constant and CTE could achieve as low as 2.64 (1 MHz) and 27.45 ppm/K. Besides, the hybrid materials also had excellent thermal properties. The highest 5% weight loss temperature of the hybrid materials was as high as 580°C under air. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42611.
Effect of solvent on electrical conductivity and gas sensitivity of PEDOT: PSS polymer composite films
Authors: Hwang Jun Sung , Oh Tae Hwan , Kim Se Hyun , Han Sung Soo , Lee Sung Jun , Lee Se Geun , Lee Young Jae , Jang Seung Soon 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was blended with polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and composite film was cast. Additional solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG) were mixed and their effects on electrical conductivity and structural changes were investigated. The electrical conductivity increased in response to the additional solvent, leading to an increase in the PEDOT ratio relative to the control. PEDOT:PSS/PEO composite film had a much higher electrical conductivity than PEDOT:PSS/PVA. When blended with PEO, the quinoid structure revealed by Raman spectroscopy increased relative to the PVA‐blended case, indicating higher electrical conductivity. The current–voltage response and gas sensitivity showed much better performance in PEDOT:PSS/PEO/DMSO composite film. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42628.
Beitrag zur Erdbebenbemessung im Holztafelbau
Authors: Walter Burkhard , Hoffmann‐Berling Falk 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDieser Aufsatz behandelt die Erdbebenbemessung von Holzbauwerken und deren dynamisches Verhalten. Dabei liegt besonderes Augenmerk auf der Holztafelbauweise. Bei dieser Bauweise setzt sich die dynamische Bauwerksantwort aus mehreren Verformungsanteilen zusammen. Die zutreffende Berücksichtigung der Schub‐ und Biegesteifigkeiten hat einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Ermittlung der Grundschwingdauer von Bauwerken in Holztafelbauweise. Hierfür werden in der Praxis anwendbare Ingenieurmodelle vorgestellt und anhand von Beispielberechnungen erläutert.Contribution to seismic design of timber structuresThis contribution deals with the seismic design of timber structures and their dynamic response with particular focus on wood‐panel buildings. In this kind of constructions several deformation types contribute to the overall dynamic response. The appropriate consideration of shear and flexural stiffness has an crucial influence on the determination of the fundamental periods of wood‐panel structures. For this purpose engineering models suitable for practical use are presented and demonstrated by worked examples.
Ermüdung von Verbunddübelleisten in UHPC unter zyklischer Pull‐out‐Beanspruchung
Authors: Gallwoszus Joerg , Claßen Martin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractZur effizienten Verbindung von ultrahochfestem Beton (UHPC) mit hochfestem Stahl in modernen Stahl‐Beton‐Verbundkonstruktionen können Verbunddübelleisten als leistungsfähige Alternative zu Kopfbolzendübeln eingesetzt werden. Diese Verbunddübelleisten müssen neben der Schubsicherung auch die Übertragung von Zugkräften in der Verbundfuge sicherstellen, um ein Abheben der Betonplatte vom Stahlträger zu verhindern. Insbesondere in den sehr schlanken Betongurten hoch‐ und ultrahochfester Verbundträger, in denen die Verbundmittel zum Teil sehr kleine Verankerungstiefen aufweisen, kann dies zu konstruktiven Problemen führen. Während zum Tragverhalten von Verankerungen mit Verbunddübelleisten unter statischen Lasten bereits erste Erkenntnisse existieren, fehlen entsprechende Untersuchungen zur Ermüdung von Verbunddübelleisten unter zyklischer Zugbeanspruchung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden statische und zyklische Zugversuche an einbetonierten Verbunddübeln in Betonplatten aus UHPC vorgestellt. Während in den Versuchen unter statischer Beanspruchung die Einflüsse unterschiedlicher Verankerungstiefen des Verbunddübels sowie die Verwendung einer Querbewehrung zur Verdübelung des Verbundmittels mit dem umgebenden Beton untersucht wurden, standen bei den zyklischen Versuchen insbesondere die lastabhängigen Parameter (Oberlast und Lastschwingbreite) im Fokus. Abschließend wird ein Konzept zur Abschätzung der Bruchlastspielzahl von Verankerungen mit Verbunddübelleisten in UHPC vorgeschlagen.Fatigue of composite dowels in UHPC under cyclic pull out loadingComposite dowels can be used as a powerful alternative to headed studs for the efficient combination of ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) with high‐strength steel in modern steel‐concrete composite structures. Besides sufficient shear resistance, the composite dowels have to ensure the transmission of tensile forces in the composite connection in order to prevent lifting of the concrete slab. In particular, in the very slender concrete slabs of high‐strength composite beams, in which the composite dowels have very small embedment depths, this can lead to structural problems. While initial findings concerning the structural anchorage behavior of composite dowels under static loads already exist, studies on the fatigue of composite dowels under cyclic pull out loading are still lacking, so far. The present paper presents static and cyclic pull out tests of composite dowels in UHPC slabs. While the influence of different embedment depths as well as the use of a transverse reinforcement have been investigated in the experiments under static loading, the cyclic tests particularly focused on load‐dependent parameters (upper load level and load range). Finally, an approach to estimate the lifetime of composite dowels in UHPC under cyclic pull out loading is proposed.
Verfahren zum Erdbebennachweis von durch Stahlbetonwände ausgesteiften Gebäuden mit explizitem Nachweis der Verformungen
Authors: Köber Dietlinde , Zahn Franz A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn [1] wird ein Bemessungsverfahren für durch Erdbeben beanspruchte Tragwerke vorgestellt, mit dem die explizite Berücksichtigung von torsionsbedingten Verschiebungen möglich ist und bei dem realistische Biegesteifigkeiten für die Wände verwendet werden. Da mit diesem vereinfachten Verfahren mit vertretbarem Aufwand nur der getrennte Tragsicherheitsnachweis für Erdbebenbeanspruchungen in den Gebäudehauptrichtungen möglich ist, wird in diesem Aufsatz der Frage nachgegangen, ob ein Gebäude, für welches der Nachweis in beiden Hauptrichtungen erbracht wird, auch für Erdbebenbeanspruchung unter 45° zu den Hauptrichtungen ausreichende Standsicherheit besitzt. Zu diesem Zwecke werden zwei Beispielgebäude zunächst mit dem in [1] beschriebenen Verfahren auf ihre Standsicherheit in den Hauptrichtungen untersucht und anschließend mit dem Programm ETABS nachgerechnet, und zwar zunächst jeweils in einer Gebäudehauptrichtung und danach für eine Beanspruchung unter 45° zu dieser.Alternative Seismic Design Methodology for Reinforced Concrete Wall Buildings Incorporating the Prediction of Wall Displacements. Check by Push‐Over AnalysisIn [1] a design methodology is presented for the seismic design of structures, using realistic cracked member stiffness and explicitly allowing for additional wall displacements related to torsion. Because the methodology is only suited for earthquake design separately in the principal directions of the building, the question arises whether a building so designed will also be safe for skew earthquake actions. In order to address this problem this paper presents the application of the proposed methodology, [1], to two example structures in each principal direction. These two buildings are then analysed using the program ETABS, first in one principal direction and then for lateral loads at a 45° angle.
Spectroscopic and molecular docking studies on the interaction between N‐acetyl cysteine and bovine serum albumin
Authors: Jahanban‐Esfahlan Ali , Panahi‐Azar Vahid , Sajedi Sanaz 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThe interaction between N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by UV–vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular docking methods. Fluorescence study at three different temperatures indicated that the fluorescence intensity of BSA was reduced upon the addition of NAC by the static quenching mechanism. Binding constant (Kb) and the number of binding sites (n) were determined. The binding constant for the interaction of NAC and BSA was in the order of 103 M−1, and the number of binding sites was obtained to be equal to 1. Enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS), and Gibb's free energy (ΔG) as thermodynamic values were also achieved by van't Hoff equation. Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force were the major intermolecular forces in the interaction process and it was spontaneous. Finally, the binding mode and the binding sites were clarified using molecular docking which were in good agreement with the results of spectroscopy experiments. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 103: 638–645, 2015.
Connecting biology and organic chemistry introductory laboratory courses through a collaborative research project
Authors: Boltax Ariana L. , Armanious Stephanie , Kosinski‐Collins Melissa S. , Pontrello Jason K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractModern research often requires collaboration of experts in fields, such as math, chemistry, biology, physics, and computer science to develop unique solutions to common problems. Traditional introductory undergraduate laboratory curricula in the sciences often do not emphasize connections possible between the various disciplines. We designed an interdisciplinary, medically relevant, project intended to help students see connections between chemistry and biology. Second term organic chemistry laboratory students designed and synthesized potential polymer inhibitors or inducers of polyglutamine protein aggregation. The use of novel target compounds added the uncertainty of scientific research to the project. Biology laboratory students then tested the novel potential pharmaceuticals in Huntington's disease model assays, using in vitro polyglutamine peptide aggregation and in vivo lethality studies in Drosophila. Students read articles from the primary literature describing the system from both chemical and biological perspectives. Assessment revealed that students emerged from both courses with a deeper understanding of the interdisciplinary nature of biology and chemistry and a heightened interest in basic research. The design of this collaborative project for introductory biology and organic chemistry labs demonstrated how the local interests and expertise at a university can be drawn from to create an effective way to integrate these introductory courses. Rather than simply presenting a series of experiments to be replicated, we hope that our efforts will inspire other scientists to think about how some aspect of authentic work can be brought into their own courses, and we also welcome additional collaborations to extend the scope of the scientific exploration. © 2015 by the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 43(4):233–244, 2015.