bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reverberation chamber modeling based on proportional dimension
Authors: Song Jian , Guo Yong Xin , Hui Hon Tat , Wang Hang , Sim Zhi Wei 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents an efficient method of modeling reverberation chambers (RCs) based on proportional dimensions. The motivation of this work is to predict the performance of a large‐size RC based on a proportionally reduced‐size scale model. Electromagnetic dimensional scale model in RC is explained, and the theory is deduced from Maxwell equation. Good agreements between simulation and measurement results have been observed and discussed. The large‐size RC simulation result fulfills the requirement in terms of electric field standard deviation based on the scaled model. It showed that using the scaled model to estimate a large‐sized RC is feasible, thus reducing the simulation time and saving computing power. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:838–841, 2015
A 42.15–68.35 dBΩ tunable gain transimpedance amplifier using 0.18‐μm CMOS process
Authors: Chang Yu‐Hsin , Chiang Yen‐Chung , Yang Ching‐Yuan 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThis letter proposes a transimpedance amplifier with a tunable gain fabricated in the 0.18‐μm CMOS process. The tunable gain range is from 42.15 to 68.35 dBΩ with a 2.88–3.52 GHz bandwidth, and its group delay is around 200 ps. With 2.5 Gb/s, 215−1, 223−1, and 231−1 pseudorandom bit sequence inputs, the corresponding recovered clock jitters are 7.72, 7.83, and 8.3 ps, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:830–832, 2015
CPW‐fed sqaure ring slot antenna with circular polarization radiation for WiMAX/WLAN applications
Authors: Sim Chow‐Yen‐Desmond , Chen Horng‐Dean , Zuo Liang , Chen Ting‐An 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThe design of a small size 50 × 50 mm2 coplanar waveguide‐fed square ring slot antenna is studied. To attain circular polarization (CP) radiation with broad 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth that can cover the worldwide interoperability for microwave access 2.3 GHz (2305–2320 MHz, 2345–2360 MHz) and wireless local area network 2.4 GHz (2400–2480 MHz) bands, a novel technique of extending a C‐shaped branch from the vertical monopole is proposed. Good impedance matching and CP performance was achieved by further extending a vertical tuning strip from the C‐shaped branch. From the measured results, 10‐dB impedance bandwidth and 3‐dB AR bandwidth of 63.89% and 7.93% were achieved. Furthermore, stable gain variation of approximately 2.7 dBic and radiation efficiency of more than 85% were also exhibited across the bands of interest. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:886–891, 2015
Efficient two dipole antenna alignment in near‐field region
Authors: Kim Jae Hee , Lee Byung Song , Park Chan Bae , Bang Jin Kyu , Ahn Chi‐Hyung 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThis letter suggests an efficient dipole antenna alignment for the collinear dipoles and parallel nonstaggered dipoles in near‐field region, where a material shell or a metal plate is located between two dipole antennas. For an infinitesimal electric dipole in the material shell, a strong electric field direction of outer material and the distance to maintain the field dominantly regardless of the material properties have been calculated. Transmission coefficients of the two dipoles for the metal plate are simulated and measured at 900 MHz. Finally, it is proposed that the transmission performance of the collinear dipole alignment for both the material shell and metal environments is better than that of the parallel nonstaggered dipole alignment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:933–937, 2015
UWB bandpass filter with quad‐notched bands using arrow‐shaped resonators
Authors: Guo Qingxin 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTAn UWB bandpass filter with quad‐notched bands is presented in this letter. The filter is comprised of a seven‐pole pseudo‐bandpass filter which is based on optimum distributed highpass filters and eight arrow‐shaped resonators which provide four notched bands. The effects of the physical parameters of the arrow‐shaped resonators on the S parameter of the presented filter are detailed investigated. The presented filter is fabricated and measured after it has been meticulously designed on a RO4350B substrate whose dimensions are 50 × 12 × 0.508 mm3. Both simulation and experimental results are provided and compared with each other. Simulation results show that the notched frequencies can be altered by changing the physical parameters of the arrow‐shaped resonators. Measurement results show that, within 2.89–10.78 GHz, which is 3‐dB bandwidth of the bandpass filter, four notched bands centered at 3.53, 5.35, 5.85, and 8.08 GHz with the notch depth is higher than 16 dB are obtained. The current distributions of the notched frequencies and the frequency within the pass band are also investigated. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:959–963, 2015
Energetic adaptations persist after bariatric surgery in severely obese adolescents
Authors: Butte Nancy F. , Brandt Mary L. , Wong William W. , Liu Yan , Mehta Nitesh R. , Wilson Theresa A. , Adolph Anne L. , Puyau Maurice R. , Vohra Firoz A. , Shypailo Roman J. , Zakeri Issa F. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveEnergetic adaptations induced by bariatric surgery have not been studied in adolescents or for extended periods postsurgery. Energetic, metabolic, and neuroendocrine responses to Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery were investigated in extremely obese adolescents.MethodsAt baseline and at 1.5, 6, and 12 months post‐baseline, 24‐h room calorimetry, body composition, and fasting blood biochemistries were measured in 11 obese adolescents relative to five matched controls.ResultsIn the RYGB group, mean weight loss was 44 ± 19 kg at 12 months. Total energy expenditure (TEE), activity EE, basal metabolic rate (BMR), sleep EE, and walking EE significantly declined by 1.5 months (P = 0.001) and remained suppressed at 6 and 12 months. Adjusted for age, sex, fat‐free mass, and fat mass, EE was still lower than baseline (P = 0.001). Decreases in serum insulin, leptin, and triiodothyronine (T3), gut hormones, and urinary norepinephrine (NE) paralleled the decline in EE. Adjusted changes in TEE, BMR, and/or sleep EE were associated with decreases in insulin, homeostatic model assessment, leptin, thyroid stimulating hormone, total T3, peptide YY3‐36, glucagon‐like peptide‐2, and urinary NE and epinephrine (P = 0.001‐0.05).ConclusionsEnergetic adaptations in response to RYGB‐induced weight loss are associated with changes in insulin, adipokines, thyroid hormones, gut hormones, and sympathetic nervous system activity and persists 12 months postsurgery.
Changes in body composition over 8 years in a randomized trial of a lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study
Authors: Pownall Henry J. , Bray George A. , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Walkup Michael P. , Heshka Stanley , Hubbard Van S. , Hill James , Kahn Steven E. , Nathan David M. , Schwartz Anne V. , Johnson Karen C. ,   the Look AHEAD Research Group
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention versus a comparison group on body composition in obese or overweight persons with type 2 diabetes at baseline and at 1, 4, and 8 years.MethodsBody composition was measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry in a subset of 1019 Look AHEAD study volunteers randomized to intervention or comparison groups. The intervention was designed to achieve and maintain ≥7% weight loss through increased physical activity and reduced caloric intake. The comparison group received social support and diabetes education.ResultsAt 1 year, the intervention group lost fat (5.6 ± 0.2 kg) and lean mass (2.3 ± 0.1 kg) but regained fat (∼100%) and lost lean mass between years 1 and 8. Between baseline and year 8, weight loss was greater in intervention versus comparison groups (4.0 ± 0.4 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4 kg); comparison group weight loss was mostly lean mass (2.1 ± 0.17 kg). Fat mass in the intervention group was lower than that of the comparison group at all post‐baseline time points.ConclusionsReduced fat mass may place the intervention group at a lower risk of obesity‐linked sequelae, a hypothesis that can be tested by future studies of this cohort.
Neurological heterotopic ossification following spinal cord injury is triggered by macrophage‐mediated inflammation in muscle
Authors: Genêt François , Kulina Irina , Vaquette Cedryck , Torossian Frédéric , Millard Susan , Pettit Allison R , Sims Natalie A , Anginot Adrienne , Guerton Bernadette , Winkler Ingrid G , Barbier Valérie , Lataillade Jean‐Jacques , Le Bousse‐Kerdilès Marie‐Caroline , Hutmacher Dietmar W , Levesque Jean‐Pierre 
Published: February 2015

AbstractNeurological heterotopic ossification (NHO) is the abnormal formation of bone in soft tissues as a consequence of spinal cord or traumatic brain injury. NHO causes pain, ankyloses, vascular and nerve compression and delays rehabilitation in this high‐morbidity patient group. The pathological mechanisms leading to NHO remain unknown and consequently there are no therapeutic options to prevent or reduce NHO. Genetically modified mouse models of rare genetic forms of heterotopic ossification (HO) exist, but their relevance to NHO is questionable. Consequently, we developed the first model of spinal cord injury (SCI)‐induced NHO in genetically unmodified mice. Formation of NHO, measured by micro‐computed tomography, required the combination of both SCI and localized muscular inflammation. Our NHO model faithfully reproduced many clinical features of NHO in SCI patients and both human and mouse NHO tissues contained macrophages. Muscle‐derived mesenchymal progenitors underwent osteoblast differentiation in vitro in response to serum from NHO mice without additional exogenous osteogenic stimuli. Substance P was identified as a candidate NHO systemic neuropeptide, as it was significantly elevated in the serum of NHO patients. However, antagonism of substance P receptor in our NHO model only modestly reduced the volume of NHO. In contrast, ablation of phagocytic macrophages with clodronate‐loaded liposomes reduced the size of NHO by 90%, supporting the conclusion that NHO is highly dependent on inflammation and phagocytic macrophages in soft tissues. Overall, we have developed the first clinically relevant model of NHO and demonstrated that a combined insult of neurological injury and soft tissue inflammation drives NHO pathophysiology. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When a child dies: pediatric oncologists' follow‐up practices with families after the death of their child
Authors: Granek Leeat , Barrera Maru , Scheinemann Katrin , Bartels Ute 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectivesFollow‐up practices with bereaved families are considered a part of good medical care, yet little is known about pediatric oncologists' protocol with families when their patients die. The objective of this study was to examine follow‐up practices employed by pediatric oncologists after patient death using an in‐depth qualitative analysis.MethodsThe Grounded Theory method of data collection and analysis was used.Twenty‐one pediatric oncologists at two Canadian pediatric hospitals were interviewed about their follow‐up practices with bereaved families after patients died. Line‐by‐line coding was used to establish codes and themes, and constant comparison was used to establish relationships among emerging codes and themes.ResultsPediatric oncologists actively engage in follow‐up practices that include making phone calls, sending an email or condolence card, attending funerals or visitations, having long‐term and short‐term meetings with parents, and attending hospital or departmental memorials for the deceased child. Attending funerals or visitations was less frequent and varied widely across pediatric oncologists. Reasons for not participating in bereavement follow‐up practices included logistical, emotional, and practical considerations.ConclusionsWhile the majority of pediatric oncologists at two Canadian centers engage in some follow‐up practices with bereaved families, these practices are complex and challenging because of the emotional nature of these interactions. Medical institutions should provide both structured time for this follow‐up work with families, as well as medical education and financial and emotional support to pediatric oncologists who continue caring for these families long after their child has died. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Einwirkungskombinationen für Flachbodentanks nach Eurocode – Teil 1
Authors: Ball Peter 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAufgrund ihrer Konstruktionsweise stellen Flachbodentanks eine besondere Bauform mit komplexem Tragverhalten dar. Der Aufwand für bautechnische Standsicherheitsnachweise ist hierfür mit Einführung des Eurocodes teilweise weiter gestiegen. Zum einen ergeben sich neue, von der DIN 18800 abweichende Regeln für die Kombination von Lasten. Zum anderen sind nicht alle Punkte klar geregelt bzw. zwischen den einzelnen Normen abgestimmt. Dies führt sowohl bei Statikern und Herstellern als auch bei Betreibern mitunter zu erheblicher Unsicherheit. Im Folgenden werden die Regeln für Einwirkungskombinationen für Flachbodentanks mit dem Ziel diskutiert, eine einheitliche Anwendung und ein praxisgerechtes, allgemein abgestimmtes Vorgehen zu begleiten.Load combinations for flat‐bottom storage tanks according to the Eurocode. Due to their design, flat‐bottom storage tanks are a special type of structure with complex loadbearing characteristics. With the introduction of the Eurocode, the requirements for the verification of stability have increased in some regards. On the one hand, there are new rules for the combination of loads that differ from DIN 18800. On the other hand, not all aspects are unambiguously defined within and across individual standards. This leads to significant uncertainty amongst structural engineers and manufacturers as well as operators. This article discusses the rules for load combinations for flat‐bottom storage tanks with the aim of facilitating a unified application and a practical, well‐coordinated approach.
Stabbogenbrücke im Zuge der Saale‐Elster‐Talbrücke – die schnellste im Netz der DB
Authors: Mansperger Tobias , Jung Rolf 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDie Saale‐Elster‐Talbrücke ist Teil der zukünftigen Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecke zwischen München und Berlin, die die Fahrzeit auf ca. vier Stunden verkürzen wird. Sie überquert die Auenlandschaft der Flüsse Saale und Elster südlich der Stadt Halle auf einer Gesamtlänge von 8,6 km und ist damit die längste Bahnbrücke Deutschlands. Einzigartig ist der Abzweig der Nebenstrecke auf der Brücke nach Halle.Die Stabbogenbrücke befindet sich im Herzen des Brückenzuges als Überführungsbauwerk der Hauptstrecke über die Nebenstrecke. Mit ihrer exponierten Lage ist sie der optische sowie topografische Höhepunkt des Gesamtbauwerks. Die technischen Aspekte des Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehrs machen die Stabbogenbrücke sogar zum Unikat, denn mit einer Entwurfsgeschwindigkeit von 300 km/h ist sie die erste Brücke dieser Bauart im Netz der Deutschen Bahn AG, was zu deutlich höheren Anforderungen im Rahmen des Planungs‐ und Genehmigungsprozesses führte. Dabei waren die dynamischen Beanspruchungen des Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehrs und das ermüdungsarme Konstruieren der Schweißverbindungen besonders anspruchsvoll.Der Rohbau der Brücke wurde im Sommer 2013 fertiggestellt, der Ausbau ein Jahr später. Seit September 2014 läuft der Probebetrieb, in dessen Rahmen ein ausführliches Messprogramm durchgeführt wird.The tied arch bridge of the Saale‐Elster‐Viaduct – the fastest of its kind in the German railroad network. The Saale‐Elster‐Viaduct is part of the future high‐speed railway, connecting the cities of Munich and Berlin within a travel time of about four hours. It crosses the floodplain of the rivers Saale and Elster south of the city of Halle. With a total length of 8.6 kilometres, it is Germany’s longest railroad bridge and the branching off of the junction to Halle on the bridge is unique.The tied arch bridge is located in the heart of the viaduct, where the main route surpasses the junction to Halle. With its exposed position it is the optical and technical highlight of the entire building. Furthermore it is the first tied arch bridge of the German railroad network with a design speed of 300 km/h, which led to increased approval efforts during the design process. The design was governed by the dynamic assessment of the high speed railway traffic, and fatigue resistant detailing of all connections.The structure of the bridge was finished in summer 2013 and the installation of the tracks one year later. Since September 2014 an elaborate test phase including an extensive monitoring program is being performed.
fNIRS in the developmental sciences
Authors: Wilcox Teresa , Biondi Marisa 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWith the introduction of functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) into the experimental setting, developmental scientists have, for the first time, the capacity to investigate the functional activation of the infant brain in awake, engaged participants. The advantages of fNIRS clearly outweigh the limitations, and a description of how this technology is implemented in infant populations is provided. Most fNIRS research falls into one of three content domains: object processing, processing of biologically and socially relevant information, and language development. Within these domains, there are ongoing debates about the origins and development of human knowledge, making early neuroimaging particularly advantageous. The use of fNIRS has allowed investigators to begin to identify the localization of early object, social, and linguistic knowledge in the immature brain and the ways in which this changes with time and experience. In addition, there is a small but growing body of research that provides insight into the neural mechanisms that support and facilitate learning during the first year of life. At the same time, as with any emerging field, there are limitations to the conclusions that can be drawn on the basis of current findings. We offer suggestions as to how to optimize the use of this technology to answer questions of theoretical and practical importance to developmental scientists. WIREs Cogn Sci 2015, 6:263–283. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1343This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Development and Aging
Neuroscience > Cognition
Construction of Three Coordination Compounds Formed by in‐situ Ligand Reaction of 1‐Cyanobenzoimidazole
Authors: Fu Lu‐Lu , Luo Ya , Xiang Jing , Leung Chi‐Fai 
Published: February 2015

Abstract Solvothermal reactions of 1‐cyanobenzoimidazole, NaN3, and hydrated MIICl2 (M = Mn, Zn, Cu) in a mixture of EtOH/H2O in the presence of NH4Cl afforded a mononuclear complex [Mn(L1)2(H2O)4] (1), a 3D polymer [Zn(L1)(OH)]n (2), and a linear polymer {[Cu(Bim)]}n (3), respectively, where the ligand L1 is formed in‐situ from [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition of N3– with nitrile and the ligand Bim is in‐situ formed from C–N bond cleavage of 1‐cyanobenzoimidazole. (L1 = 5‐benzoimidazoyltetrazolate, Bim = benzoimidazole). All the compounds were characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA), and their structures were determined by X‐ray crystallography. The solid state luminescent properties of 2 and 3 were also investigated at room temperature.
Complications After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Video Evaluation Study of Whether the Critical View of Safety was Reached
Authors: Nijssen M. A. J. , Schreinemakers J. M. J. , Meyer Z. , van der Schelling G. P. , Crolla R. M. P. H. , Rijken A. M. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundAchieving the critical view of safety (CVS) before transection of the cystic artery and duct is important to reduce biliary duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. To gain more insight into complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, we investigated whether the criteria for CVS were met during surgery by analyzing videos of operations performed at our institution.MethodsAll consecutive patients who underwent a completed laparoscopic cholecystectomy between 2009 and 2011 were included. The videos of the operations of patients with complications were independently reviewed and rated by two investigators with a third consulted in the event of a disagreement. The reviewers answered consecutive questions about whether the CVS criteria were met. Patients who underwent an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy and had no complications were used as a control group for comparison.ResultsOf the 1108 consecutive patients who had undergone a laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the study period, 8.8 % developed complications (average age 51 years) and 1.7 % had bile duct injuries [six patients (0.6 %) had a major bile duct injury, type B, D, or E injury]. In the 65 surgical videos available for analysis, CVS was reached in 80 % of cases according to the operative notes. However, the reviewers found that CVS was reached in only 10.8 % of the cases. Only in 18.7 % of the cases the operative notes and video agreed about CVS being reached. CVS was not reached in any of the patients who had biliary injuries. In the control group, CVS was reached significantly more often in 72 %.ConclusionsIn our institutional series of laparoscopic cholecystectomies with postoperative complications, CVS was reached in only a few cases. Evaluating surgical videos of laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases are important and we recommend its use to improve surgical technique and decrease the number of biliary injuries.
Need for Fetal Autopsy and Genetic Diagnosis in Fetal Limb Anomalies
Authors: Kotecha Udhaya H. , Puri Ratna D. , Dash Pratima , Bijarnia-Mahay Sunita , Lall Meena , Verma Ishwar C. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractImproved antenatal imaging has led to increased detection rates of fetal limb anomalies. While they are nonlethal, they could be the first indication of an underlying genetic disorder. In the event of termination, postmortem and genetic evaluation are rarely performed, missing the opportunity to diagnose genetic disorders. The aim of the present study was to examine the utility of fetal autopsy in antenatally detected limb anomalies and to determine the incidence of genetic disorders in the same cohort. This was a retrospective evaluation of 59 cases. Only fetuses terminated for limb anomalies, either in isolation or in association with other features, were included. Cases terminated for lethal skeletal dysplasia and arthrogryposis multiplex congenita were excluded. Cases where limb defects were diagnosed after termination were also not included. The antenatal ultrasound records were compared to postmortem findings to determine the concordance rates. Chromosomal studies along with fetal autopsy were performed in all cases. Mutation analysis was also carried out where possible. Complete concordance between antenatal and postnatal findings was observed in 61 % of the cases. In 23.7 % of the cases, additional major anomalies were observed, the commonest being orofacial clefts. A genetic association was present in 62.7 % of the cases, of which, 25.4 % had an abnormal karyotype. Bilateral limb involvement and presence of associated features were strong predictors of genetic syndromes.