bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palaeoecology of a billion‐year‐old non‐marine cyanobacterium from the Torridon Group and Nonesuch Formation
Authors: Strother Paul K. , Wellman Charles H. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA new chroococcalean cyanobacterium is described from approximately 1‐billion‐year‐old non‐marine deposits of the Torridonian Group of Scotland and the Nonesuch Formation of Michigan, USA. Individual cells of the new microfossil, Eohalothece lacustrina gen. et sp. nov., are associated with benthic microbial biofilms, but the majority of samples are recovered in palynological preparations in the form of large, apparently planktonic colonies, similar to extant species of Microcystis. In the Torridonian, Eohalothece is associated with phosphatic nodules, and we have developed a novel hypothesis linking Eohalothece to phosphate deposition in ancient freshwater settings. Extant cyanobacteria can be prolific producers of extracellular microcystins, which are non‐ribosomal polypeptide phosphatase inhibitors. Microcystins may have promoted the retention and concentration of sedimentary organic phosphate prior to mineralization of francolite and nodule formation. This has a further implication that the Torridonian lakes were nitrogen limited as the release of microcystins is enhanced under such conditions today. The abundance and wide distribution of Eohalothece lacustrina attests to the importance of cyanobacteria as oxygen‐producing photoautotrophs in lacustrine ecosystems at the time of the Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic transition.
Early symptom change in adult outpatients: Relationship with patient characteristics and therapeutic alliance
Authors: Smits Dave , Stinckens Nele , Luyckx Koen , Claes Laurence 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveThis study has three aims: (1) to identify early change trajectories, (2) to examine patient characteristics predicting trajectory classes, and (3) to investigate the moderating effect of trajectory class membership on the working alliance.MethodIn a sample of 402 outpatients (M age = 38.27, 64.9% women), outcome scores (OQ‐45) on three time points (sessions 1, 3, and 5) were analysed by means of Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis. A multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate whether patient's age, gender, initial distress (OQ‐45), and personality traits (Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology–Short Form) predicted trajectory class membership. A repeated‐measures ANOVA examined whether differences in trajectory classes moderated the alliance quality (Working Alliance Inventory–Short version) over time.ResultsFour trajectory classes were identified: High distress–no change; moderate/high distress–small improvement, low distress–moderate improvement, and moderate/low distress–strong improvement. Gender, initial distress, and emotion dysregulation significantly predicted patients’ trajectory class membership. The Task/Goal alliance component increased linearly over time, whereas the Bond component followed a reversed U‐shaped pattern. The alliance was not moderated by trajectory class membership.ConclusionsFour clinically relevant subgroups could be identified on the basis of the early symptom change trajectories. Gender, initial psychological distress, and emotion dysregulation predicted patient's trajectory class membership. Trajectory class membership did not influence the development of the early working alliance.Practitioner points

As early change in highly distressed patients (Axis I and II) is not characterized by significant symptom change, clinicians should support and facilitate emotion regulation and social skills.

Investing in a strong alliance is recommended, although it does not differentiate early responders from non‐responders.
Effect of subchronic administration of agomelatine on brain energy metabolism and oxidative stress parameters in rats
Authors: de Mello Aline Haas , Souza Luana da Rosa , Cereja Ana Carla Moreira , Schraiber Rosiane de Bona , Florentino Drielly , Martins Maryane Modolon , Petronilho Fabricia , Quevedo João , Rezin Gislaine Tezza 
Published: November 2015

AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subchronic administration of agomelatine on energy metabolism, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense in the brains of rats.MethodsThe animals received daily intraperitoneal injections of agomelatine (10, 30 or 50 mg/kg) or saline for 14 days. The prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and posterior cortex were analyzed.ResultsThe findings showed that complex I was activated in the prefrontal cortex, cerebellum and striatum and inhibited in the posterior cortex at the 10‐mg/kg dose, and inhibited in all brain areas analyzed at the 30‐mg/kg and 50‐mg/kg doses. Complex II was activated in the posterior cortex at the 50‐mg/kg dose. Complex IV was inhibited in the striatum and posterior cortex at the 10‐mg/kg dose, inhibited in the striatum at the 30‐mg/kg dose and activated in the hippocampus at the 50‐mg/kg dose. Creatine kinase activity was inhibited in the striatum at the 10‐mg/kg and 30‐mg/kg doses. Lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels were not changed after the administration of agomelatine. Superoxide dismutase activity was increased in the striatum at the 10‐mg/kg dose, and catalase activity was inhibited in the cerebellum at the 10‐mg/kg dose and increased in the posterior cortex at the 30‐mg/kg dose.ConclusionsOur results are consistent with other studies showing that some antidepressants may influence brain energy metabolism and oxidative stress parameters and expand knowledge about the effects of agomelatine in biochemical parameters in the brains of rats.
Dispositional Modality Vis‐à‐Vis Conditional Necessity
Authors: Marmodoro Anna 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThere is an ongoing debate in the metaphysics of dispositions regarding which type of modality governs their manifestation. This paper assumes as its default position the view that dispositions manifest by conditional necessity; that is, when in appropriate circumstances dispositions manifest necessarily. From this standpoint, the paper engages critically with an existing alternative in the literature, put forward most prominently by Mumford and Anjum, and known as dispositional modality. According to this latter view, even when in appropriate manifestation conditions, dispositions only merely tend towards their manifestation. By raising difficulties for this alternative, the paper offers indirect support for the conditional necessity view.
Chronic exposure to carbon monoxide in two elderly patients using a kotatsu, a traditional Japanese charcoal‐based heater
Authors: Nakamura Toshinori , Setsu Koutaro , Takahashi Tohru , Miyashita Mitsuhiro , Sugiyama Nobuhiro , Washizuka Shinsuke , Murata Shiho , Hanihara Tokiji , Amano Naoji 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe report on two elderly patients with cognitive impairments, for whom chronic carbon monoxide (CO) exposure was suspected based on elevated carboxyhaemoglobin levels in their serum. On their initial visits, cognitive impairment and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in both patients were compatible with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's‐type dementia. However, after discontinuation of the use of a kotatsu, a charcoal‐based heater, their serum carboxyhaemoglobin levels normalized and their physical symptoms resolved. Their cognitive function also slightly improved. The causal relationship between physical symptoms and cognitive impairment after chronic CO poisoning is uncertain; however, it is possible that chronic exposure to low CO levels exacerbated the clinical manifestation in our patients.
A Semiparametrically Efficient Estimator of the Time‐Varying Effects for Survival Data with Time‐Dependent Treatment
Authors: Lin Huazhen , Fei Zhe , Li Yi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe timing of a time‐dependent treatment—for example, when to perform a kidney transplantation—is an important factor for evaluating treatment efficacy. A naïve comparison between the treated and untreated groups, while ignoring the timing of treatment, typically yields biased results that might favour the treated group because only patients who survive long enough will get treated. On the other hand, studying the effect of a time‐dependent treatment is often complex, as it involves modelling treatment history and accounting for the possible time‐varying nature of the treatment effect. We propose a varying‐coefficient Cox model that investigates the efficacy of a time‐dependent treatment by utilizing a global partial likelihood, which renders appealing statistical properties, including consistency, asymptotic normality and semiparametric efficiency. Extensive simulations verify the finite sample performance, and we apply the proposed method to study the efficacy of kidney transplantation for end‐stage renal disease patients in the US Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients.
The Role of Goods‐Trade Networks for Services‐Trade Volume
Authors: Egger Peter H. , Francois Joseph , Nelson Douglas R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we address the role of countries’ goods‐trade networks for their services‐trade volume. The paper employs a large cross section of bilateral trade data on aggregate cross‐border goods and services sales and illustrates that the depth and overlap of two countries’ services networks induce a positive direct impact on their services‐trade volume. The evidence takes into account that goods trade flows and networks are potentially endogenous so that the estimated direct effects support a causal interpretation. We find that the magnitude of the multilateral goods‐trade network effect on the bilateral services‐trade volume is much larger than that of bilateral goods‐trade volume.
BIOPESTICIDE POTENTIAL OF (7R)-TRANS, TRANS-NEPETALACTONE AND CIS-LACHNOPHYLLUM ESTER IN CONTROL OF MUSTARD APHID, LIPAPHIS ERYSIMI (KALT.)
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Shekhar Mathela Chandra , Tewari Geeta , Kumar Pandey Ajay 
Published: November 2015

(7R)-trans, trans-nepetalactone; a monoterpene iridoid (1) and acetylenic compound named cis-lachnophyllum ester (2) were isolated from the essential oils of Nepeta elliptica and Erigeron annuus, respectively and characterized using a combination of their spectral data (1D-and 2D-NMR, MS, IR). Compound 1 and 2 were tested for biopesticide activity against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.). Compound 1 exhibited high insecticidal activity towards L. erysimi with LC50 values of 2.18 and 2.73 mg/mL; LT50 values of 15.24 and 17.18 h. Compound 2 also displayed significant insecticidal activity having LC50 values of 0.85 and 4.70 mg/mL; LT50 values of 13.25 and 26.2 h. The activity of compounds 1 and 2 were comparable with synthetic pesticide, monocrotophos used as positive control and thus has potential as natural pesticides for use in economically important crops.
CONTINUOUS USE OF ONLINE STORAGE SYSTEM FOR DOCUMENT SHARING
Authors: Mat Yamin Fadhilah , Wan Ishak Wan Hussain 
Published: November 2015

This paper discusses the use of online storage for document sharing to support teaching and learning purposes. To date, online storage has become one of important tools for document storage and management. Online storage has reduced the dependency to the storage devices that are bound to size limit, cost and risk. A part of the storage capability, online storage can be used to share documents by allowing others to access the individual or a group of documents. In this study online storage namely Dropbox has been used to share digital media such as notes, presentation materials and handouts to students. Thus, the use of printed materials can be reduced. In addition the documents can be safely kept and access at any time and location that are connected to the internet. This study adapted Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to assess students’ perception and continuous use of Dropbox towards document sharing. The findings revealed that students have positive perception towards Dropbox. Furthermore, students have indicated that they are keen on continue using the Dropbox to support their learning.
ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS AND MARKOV CHAIN IN SHARED KNOWLEDGE THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Sulaiman Nor Intan Saniah , Ghazali Saadiah , Zabidi Nerda Zura , Omar Mohd Faizal , Alias Rose Alinda 
Published: November 2015

Many studies have been performed to measure successful knowledge sharing in general. However, limited study has been done to assess successful knowledge sharing through social media. Hence, in this paper intend to discuss our approach to assess knowledge sharing among personal social media user. In order to achieve our objective, we proposed to integrate Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Markov Chain (MC) technique to investigate the pattern of the shared knowledge through social media. Markov Chain will be used to model the knowledge sharing success through expert opinion and stochastic process. We anticipate the outcome of the assessment in a form of a final matrix showing the probability of successful knowledge sharing through social media. The elements in each row of the Markov Chain transition matrix will be calculated using Analytic Hierarchy Process. The assessment tool produce from our research is expected to benefit policy maker or internet user in order to enhance their knowledge sharing strategy in social media application.
TRPM4 non‐selective cation channels influence action potentials in rabbit Purkinje fibres
Authors: Hof Thomas , Sallé Laurent , Coulbault Laurent , Richer Romain , Alexandre Joachim , Rouet René , Manrique Alain , Guinamard Romain 
Published: November 2015

Key points
The transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) inhibitor 9‐phenanthrol reduces action potential duration in rabbit Purkinje fibres but not in ventricle.
TRPM4‐like single channel activity is observed in isolated rabbit Purkinje cells but not in ventricular cells.
The TRPM4‐like current develops during the notch and early repolarization phases of the action potential in Purkinje cells.
AbstractTransient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) Ca2+‐activated non‐selective cation channel activity has been recorded in cardiomyocytes and sinus node cells from mammals. In addition, TRPM4 gene mutations are associated with human diseases of cardiac conduction, suggesting that TRPM4 plays a role in this aspect of cardiac function. Here we evaluate the TRPM4 contribution to cardiac electrophysiology of Purkinje fibres. Ventricular strips with Purkinje fibres were isolated from rabbit hearts. Intracellular microelectrodes recorded Purkinje fibre activity and the TRPM4 inhibitor 9‐phenanthrol was applied to unmask potential TRPM4 contributions to the action potential. 9‐Phenanthrol reduced action potential duration measured at the point of 50 and 90% repolarization with an EC50 of 32.8 and 36.1×10−6 mol l−1, respectively, but did not modulate ventricular action potentials. Inside‐out patch‐clamp recordings were used to monitor TRPM4 activity in isolated Purkinje cells. TRPM4‐like single channel activity (conductance = 23.8 pS; equal permeability for Na+ and K+; sensitivity to voltage, Ca2+ and 9‐phenanthrol) was observed in 43% of patches from Purkinje cells but not from ventricular cells (0/16). Action potential clamp experiments performed in the whole‐cell configuration revealed a transient inward 9‐phenanthrol‐sensitive current (peak density = −0.65 ± 0.15 pA pF–1; n = 5) during the plateau phases of the Purkinje fibre action potential. These results show that TRPM4 influences action potential characteristics in rabbit Purkinje fibres and thus could modulate cardiac conduction and be involved in triggering arrhythmias.
Telephone Assessment and Skill-Building Kit for Stroke Caregivers
Authors: Bakas Tamilyn , Austin Joan K. , Habermann Barbara , Jessup Nenette M. , McLennon Susan M. , Mitchell Pamela H. , Morrison Gwendolyn , Yang Ziyi , Stump Timothy E. , Weaver Michael T. 
Published: November 2015

Background and Purpose—
There are few evidence-based programs for stroke family caregivers postdischarge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate efficacy of the Telephone Assessment and Skill-Building Kit (TASK II), a nurse-led intervention enabling caregivers to build skills based on assessment of their own needs.

Methods—
A total of 254 stroke caregivers (primarily female TASK II/information, support, and referral 78.0%/78.6%; white 70.7%/72.1%; about half spouses 48.4%/46.6%) were randomized to the TASK II intervention (n=123) or to an information, support, and referral group (n=131). Both groups received 8 weekly telephone sessions, with a booster at 12 weeks. General linear models with repeated measures tested efficacy, controlling for patient hospital days and call minutes. Prespecified 8-week primary outcomes were depressive symptoms (with Patient Health Questionnaire Depressive Symptom Scale PHQ-9 ≥5), life changes, and unhealthy days.

Results—

Among caregivers with baseline PHQ-9 ≥5, those randomized to the TASK II intervention had a greater reduction in depressive symptoms from baseline to 8, 24, and 52 weeks and greater improvement in life changes from baseline to 12 weeks compared with the information, support, and referral group (
P
<0.05); but not found for the total sample. Although not sustained at 12, 24, or 52 weeks, caregivers randomized to the TASK II intervention had a relatively greater reduction in unhealthy days from baseline to 8 weeks (
P
<0.05).

Conclusions—
The TASK II intervention reduced depressive symptoms and improved life changes for caregivers with mild to severe depressive symptoms. The TASK II intervention reduced unhealthy days for the total sample, although not sustained over the long term.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01275495.
Design and implementation of a sexual health intervention for migrant construction workers situated in Shanghai, China
Authors: Mendelsohn Joshua B. , Calzavara Liviana , Light Lucia , Burchell Ann N. , Ren Jinma , Kang Laiyi 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background
China’s growing population of internal migrants has exceeded 236 million. Driven by rapid development and urbanization, this extreme population mobility creates opportunities for transmission of HIV and sexually-transmitted infections (STI). Large numbers of rural migrants flock to megacities such as Shanghai in search of employment. Although migrants constitute a key population at heightened risk of acquiring HIV or an STI, there is a lack of easily accessible sexual health services available for them. In response, we designed a short, inexpensive sexual health intervention that sought to improve HIV and STI knowledge, while reducing stigma, risky sexual behaviour, and sexual transmission of HIV and STI among migrant construction workers (MCW) situated in Shanghai, China.

Results
We implemented a three-armed, community-randomized trial spread across three administrative districts of Shanghai. The low-intensity intervention included educational pamphlets. The medium-intensity intervention included pamphlets, posters, and videos. The high-intensity intervention added group and individual counselling sessions. Across 18 construction sites, 1871 MCW were allocated at baseline to receive one intervention condition. Among baseline participants, 1304 workers were retained at 3-months, and 1013 workers were retained at 6-months, representing a total of 579 person-years of follow-up. All workers, regardless of participation, had access to informational materials even if they did not participate in the evaluation. Overall outputs included: 2284 pamphlets distributed, 720 posters displayed, 672 h of video shown, 376 participants accessed group counselling, and 61 participants attended individual counselling sessions. A multivariable analysis of participation found that men (aOR = 2.2; 95 % CI 1.1, 4.1; p = 0.036), workers situated in Huangpu district (aOR = 5.0; 95 % CI 2.6, 9.5; p < 0.001), and those with a middle school education (aOR = 1.9; 95 % CI 1.2, 3.0; p = 0.01) were more likely to have participated in intervention activities.

Conclusion
A brief educational intervention that prioritized ease of delivery to a highly mobile workforce was feasible and easily accessed by participants. Routine implementation of sexual health interventions in workplaces that employ migrant labour have the potential to make important contributions toward improving HIV and STI outcomes among migrant workers in China’s largest cities.
Extracorporeal therapies in pediatric severe sepsis: findings from the pediatric health-care information system
Authors: Ruth Amanda , McCracken Courtney E. , Fortenberry James D. , Hebbar Kiran B. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroductionPediatric severe sepsis (PSS) continues to be a major health problem. Extracorporeal therapies (ETs), defined as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and RRenal replacement therapyenal replacement therapy (RRT), are becoming more available for utilization in a variety of health conditions. We aim to describe (1) rates of utilization of ET in PSS, (2) outcomes for PSS patients receiving ET, and (3) epidemiologic characteristics of patients receiving ET.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database. Data from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database collected by the Children’s Hospital Association (CHA) from 2004–2012 from 43 US children’s hospitals’ pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) were used. Patients with PSS were defined by (1) International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) codes reflecting severe sepsis and septic shock and (2) ICD-9 codes of infection and organ dysfunction as defined by updated Angus criteria. Among the patients with PSS, those with a PHIS flag of ECMO or RRT were identified further as our main cohort.ResultsFrom 2004 to 2012, 636,842 patients were identified from 43 hospitals, and PSS prevalence was 7.7 % (49,153 patients). Nine point eight percent (4795 patients) received at least one form of ET, and the associated mortality rate was 39 %. Mortality rates were 47.8 % for those who received ECMO, 32.3 % in RRT, and 58.0 % in RRT + ECMO. Underlying co-morbidities were found in 3745 patients (78.1 %) who received ET (81 % for ECMO, 77.9 % in RRT, and 71.2 % in those who received both). There was a statistically significant increase in ECMO utilization in patients with at least three organ dysfunctions from 2004 to 2012 (6.9 % versus 10.3 %,P < 0.001) while RRT use declined (24.5 % versus 13.2 %,P < 0.001). After 2009, there was a significant increase in ECMO utilization (3.6 % in 2004–2008 versus 4.0 % in 2009–2012,P = 0.004). ECMO and RRT were used simultaneously in only 500 patients with PSS (1 %).ConclusionsETs were used in a significant portion of PSS patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) during this time period. Mortality was significant and increased with increasing organ failure. ECMO use in PSS patients with MODS increased from 2004 to 2012. Further evaluation of ET use in PSS is warranted.
Genome sequence of Pedobacter glucosidilyticus DD6b, isolated from zooplankton Daphnia magna
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Daniel Rolf , Simeonova Diliana D. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe phosphite assimilating bacterium, P. glucosidilyticus DD6b, was isolated from the gut of the zooplankton Daphnia magna. Its 3,872,381 bp high-quality draft genome is arranged into 93 contigs containing 3311 predicted protein-coding and 41 RNA-encoding genes. This genome report presents the specific properties and common features of P. glucosidilyticus DD6b genome in comparison with the genomes of P. glucosidilyticus type strain DSM 23,534, and another five Pedobacter type strains with publicly available completely sequenced genomes. Here, we present the first journal report on P. glucosidilyticus genome sequence and provide information on a new specific physiological determinant of P. glucosidilyticus species.