bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated cuboid dislocation: case report
Authors: de Oliveira Lima Amaurilio , de Albuquerque Filho Antonio Bezerra , Ambrosio Gustavo Henrique Carillo , Coelho Leonardo Vasconcelos , Massuda Vitor Yoshiura , Lara Paulo Henrique Schmidt 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Isolated cuboid dislocation without fracture is a rare injury, and there is a lack of literature describing its treatment. Studies report the use of closed or open reduction, with Kirschner wire fixation in the treatment of these injuries. This case report presents the clinical condition of a 24-year-old male patient who arrived at the emergency department with an isolated dislocation of the right foot cuboid bone without the presence of a fracture, after suffering trauma during a football game. Open reduction was performed in the surgical center with stabilization and fixation using a Kirschner wires. The patient showed an excellent response to the treatment, with no loss of the foot’s range of motion.
The nature and effects of remittance scripts in rural Kosovo
Authors: Möllers Judith , Arapi-Gjini Arjola 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Remittances play an essential role in the interlinkage of migration and development. While past research has focused mainly on the monetary flows and their determinants, this article offers a deeper understanding of remitting as a social practice. Our research contributes to the emerging literature on remittance transfers in several directions. Using a rich ethnographic dataset of an area described as the quintessential land of migration, Opoja in Kosovo, it offers intriguing insights into the reasons and patterns behind remitting or ‘remittance scripts’. Our work complements the existing literature with a unique empirical analysis of changing remittance scripts over time and a discussion of the implications of such changes in terms of well-being in a rural context. By applying Carling’s concept of scripting remittances, the study makes an important contribution to testing this concept. Our findings exemplify how a conservative rural environment may slow down a shift away from traditional remittance scripts. The analysis revealed how remittances unfold not only positive effects, such as contributing to the village’s monetary well-being, but also various adverse effects. We identify a cautious development towards a new and still fragile script system, in which recipients provide social visibility as the core requital to the remittances they receive. Although remittance scripts are doubtlessly region-specific, we believe that our study not only underlines the usefulness of the remittance script concept but is illustrative of phenomena that might be found in many places strongly affected by outmigration and remittance dependency.
Modelling the disc around the primary star of the X-ray binary system: MT91-213
Authors: Ghoreyshi M R , Jones C E , Carciofi A C , Kolka I , Aret A , Eenmäe T , Neito R 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The viscous decretion disc (VDD) scenario has been used to model the observables of the Be stars. Its capability to predict individual observables has been confirmed for several Be stars. Here, we simultaneously analyse the spectroscopic and $BVI$-band photometric data for the Be star MT91-213 with the Monte Carlo radiative-transfer code hdust to determine the stellar parameters, geometry, and physical conditions for its circumstellar disc. MT91-213 is the primary component of a binary system whose companion is the pulsar PSR J2032+4127. We find that the VDD model can simultaneously reproduce the multiple observables qualitatively, but not quantitatively. We determine the mass of the primary star to be 13.1 ${\rm M}_{\odot }$ which is smaller than reported in the literature. We present a dynamical scenario for the evolving disc density from a diffuse to a dense phase. Also, we determine that the inclination of the disc is about 40$^{\circ }$ which means it is 20$^{\circ }$ tilted from the orbit of the secondary star. Our results indicate that the mass loss rate for MT91-213 is $\sim 10^{-7}$ to $10^{-6} {\rm M}_{\odot }\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ which is in agreement with the suggested values in the literature, required to explain the observed X-ray synchrotron luminosity, $L_\mathrm{x}$, for PSR J2032+4127.
Clues to growth and disruption of two neighbouring spiral arms of the Milky Way
Authors: Funakoshi Natsuki , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Kawata Daisuke , Baba Junichi , Taniguchi Daisuke , Fujii Michiko 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Studying the nature of spiral arms is essential for understanding the formation of the intricate disc structure of the Milky Way. The European Space Agency’s Gaia mission has provided revolutionary observational data that have uncovered detailed kinematical features of stars in the Milky Way. However, so far the nature of spiral arms continues to remain a mystery. Here, we present that the stellar kinematics traced by the classical Cepheids around the Perseus and Outer spiral arms in the Milky Way show strikingly different kinematical properties from each other: the radial and azimuthal velocities of Cepheids show positive and negative correlations in the Perseus and Outer arms, respectively. We also found that the dynamic spiral arms commonly seen in an N-body/hydrodynamic simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy can naturally explain the observed kinematic trends. Furthermore, a comparison with such a simulation suggests that the Perseus arm is being disrupted, while the Outer arm is growing. Our findings suggest that two neighbouring spiral arms in distinct evolutionary phases – growing and disrupting phases – coexist in the Milky Way.
Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in patients with difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Anno Shohei , Okano Tadashi , Mamoto Kenji , Yamada Yutaro , Mandai Koji , Orita Kazuki , Iida Takahiro , Tada Masahiro , Inui Kentaro , Koike Tatsuya , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study evaluated the effectiveness of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in patients with difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA).

Methods
This study included 220 patients with RA who were treated with JAKi. Sixty-two patients were naïve to biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs)/JAKi (1st group), 57 patients were failure to one bDMARDs/JAKi (2nd group), and 101 patients were failure to ≥ 2 bDMARDs/JAKi. Of these 101 patients, 25 did not meet the D2T RA criteria (non-D2T RA group) and 76 met the D2T RA criteria (D2T RA group).

Results
: DAS28-ESR was improved in all groups at 24 weeks (1st: P &lt; .01, 2nd: P &lt; .01, non-D2T RA: P = .01, D2TRA: P = .02), and improvement ratio of DAS28-ESR was not different between DT2RA group and 2nd (P = .73) or non-D2T RA group (P = .68). Glucocorticoid use [odds ratios: 8.67; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–60.90; P = .03] and number of past bDMARD/JAKi uses ≥ 3 (odds ratios: 10.55; 95% CI: 1.39–80.30; P = .02) were risk factors for DAS28-ESR ≥ 3.2 at 24 weeks in the D2T RA group.

Conclusions
Clinical efficacy of JAKi in D2T RA group did not differ from that in 2nd and non-D2T RA groups. Glucocorticoid use and multiple bDMARD/JAKi failure were poor prognostic factors for D2T RA.
Telemedicine-based serious illness conversations, healthcare utilization, and end of life care among patients with advanced lung cancer
Authors: Dhawale Tejaswini M , Bhat Roopa S , Johnson P Connor , Srikonda Shanivi , Lau-Min Kelsey S , Boateng Kofi , Lee Howard , Amonoo Hermioni L , Nipp Ryan , Lindvall Charlotta , El-Jawahri Areej 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Little is known about serious illness conversations (SIC) conducted during telemedicine visits and their impact on end-of-life (EOL) outcomes for patients with advanced cancer.

Patients and Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis telemedicine visits for patients with metastatic lung cancer conducted during the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic (October 3, 2020-October 6, 2020). We used natural language processing (NLP) to characterize documentation of SIC domains (ie, goals of care [GOC], limitation of life-sustaining treatment [LLST], prognostic awareness [PA], palliative care [PC], and hospice). We used unadjusted logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with SIC documentation and the relationship between SIC documentation and EOL outcomes.

Results
The study included 634 telemedicine visits across 360 patients. Documentation of at least one SIC domain was present in 188 (29.7%) visits with GOC and PA being the most discussed domains. Family presence (odds ratio [OR], 1.66; P = .004), progressive or newly diagnosed disease (OR, 5.42; P &lt; .000), age ≥ 70 (OR, 1.80; P = .009), and male sex (OR, 2.23; P &lt; .000) were associated with a greater likelihood of discussing ≥ 1 SIC domain. Of the 61 patients who died within 12 months of the study period, having ≥ 1 SIC domain discussed was associated with a lower likelihood of hospitalization in the last 30 days of life (OR, 0.27; P = .020).

Conclusion
In this study of telehealth visits, we identified important factors associated with an increased likelihood of having documentation of an SIC and demonstrated that SIC documentation correlated with lower likelihood of hospitalization at EOL.
Nontransformation methods for studying signaling pathways and genes involved in Brassica rapa pollen–stigma interactions
Authors: Zhang Lili , Cui Xiaoshuang , Yang Lin , Raziq Abdul , Hao Shiya , Zeng Weiqing , Huang Jiabao , Cao Yunyun , Duan Qiaohong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) is a mechanism in plants that prevents self-fertilization and promotes outcrossing. SI is also widely utilized in the breeding of Brassicaceae crops. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of SI is essential but has been greatly restrained in most Brassicaceae crops due to inefficient transformation. In this study, we developed methods for examining signaling pathways and genes of pollen–stigma interactions in Brassicaceae crops lacking an efficient genetic transformation system. We pretreated excised stigmas of Brassica rapa (B. rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis) in vitro with chemicals to modify signaling pathways or with phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (AS-ODNs) to modify the expression of the corresponding genes involved in pollen–stigma interactions. Using this method, we first determined the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SI with the understanding that the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium chloride, which inhibits ROS production, eliminated the SI of B. rapa. We further identified the key gene for ROS production in SI and used AS-ODNs targeting BrRBOHF (B. rapa RESPIRATORY-BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOGF), which encodes one of the NADPH oxidases, to effectively suppress its expression, reduce stigmatic ROS, and promote the growth of self-pollen in B. rapa stigmas. Moreover, pistils treated in planta with the ROS scavenger sodium salicylate disrupted SI and resulted in enlarged ovules with inbred embryos 12 d after pollination. This method will enable the functional study of signaling pathways and genes regulating SI and other pollen–stigma interactions in different Brassicaceae plants.
Distinct clinical trajectories of gastrointestinal progression among patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Perin Jamie , Hughes Michael , Mecoli Christopher A , Paik Julie J , Gelber Allan C , Wigley Fredrick M , Hummers Laura K , Shah Ami A , Zeger Scott L , McMahan Zsuzsanna H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation. Common manifestations cluster together, defining unique subgroups. This investigation aims to characterize gastrointestinal (GI) phenotypes and determine whether they can be distinguished by temporal progression.

Methods
We examined a well-established SSc patient cohort with a modified Medsger GI severity score measured over time to determine heterogeneity in disease progression. Growth mixture models estimated each patient's phenotype and disease severity trajectory over time. We compared the characteristics of estimated phenotypes using non-parametric statistics and linear and logistic regression to compare patient characteristics between phenotypes while adjusting for disease duration.

Results
We examined 2696 SSc patients with at least two Medsger GI scores, identifying four unique phenotypes. The most common phenotype (‘Stable’, n = 2325) had an average score of 1 that was consistent over time. Two phenotypes were progressive (‘Early Progressive’, n = 142, and ‘Late Progressive’, n = 115) with an initial average score of 1. The Early Progressive group increased initially and stabilized, and the Late Progressive group worsened slowly over time. A fourth phenotype (‘Early Severe GI’, n = 114) had an initial average Medsger GI score just below 3 with high mortality and improving GI severity over time.

Conclusions
Clinically distinct GI phenotypes exist among patients with SSc. These phenotypes are not only distinguished by GI and extra-intestinal SSc clinical complications, but they are also temporally distinct. Distinct autoantibody profiles are associated strongly with more severe GI disease.
Classical dendritic cells contribute to hypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Mickael Claudia , Sanders Linda A. , Lee Michael H. , Kumar Rahul , Fonseca‐Balladares Dara , Gandjeva Aneta , Cautivo‐Reyes Kelly , Kassa Biruk , Kumar Sushil , Irwin David , Swindle Delaney , Phang Tzu , Stearman Robert S. , Molofsky Ari B. , McKee Amy S. , Stenmark Kurt R. , Graham Brian B. , Tuder Rubin M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and progressive disease with significant morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by remodeled pulmonary vessels associated with perivascular and intravascular accumulation of inflammatory cells. Although there is compelling evidence that bone marrow‐derived cells, such as macrophages and T cells, cluster in the vicinity of pulmonary vascular lesions in humans and contribute to PH development in different animal models, the role of dendritic cells in PH is less clear. Dendritic cells' involvement in PH is likely since they are responsible for coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses. We hypothesized that dendritic cells drive hypoxic PH. We demonstrate that a classical dendritic cell (cDC) subset (cDC2) is increased and activated in wild‐type mouse lungs after hypoxia exposure. We observe significant protection after the depletion of cDCs in ZBTB46 DTR chimera mice before hypoxia exposure and after established hypoxic PH. In addition, we find that cDC depletion is associated with a reduced number of two macrophage subsets in the lung (FolR2+ MHCII+ CCR2+ and FolR2+ MHCII+ CCR2−). We found that depleting cDC2s, but not cDC1s, was protective against hypoxic PH. Finally, proof‐of‐concept studies in human lungs show increased perivascular cDC2s in patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (IPAH). Our data points to an essential role of cDCs, particularly cDC2s, in the pathophysiology of experimental PH.
Differential Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Detection
Authors: El Deen Alkhadraa Izz , Uebel Linnea , Kromodikoro Indy , van Nieuwenhoven Michiel 
Published: August 2024

Background:
In 2021, a nation-wide screening program for colorectal cancer (CRC) was step-wise implemented in Region Örebro County (RÖC) for patients aged 60 to 74 years, utilizing the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) to refer patients for colonoscopy. Concurrently, the standardized care course for colorectal cancer (SCC-CRC), initiated in 2016, employs a fast-track pathway for patients with alarm symptoms to undergo colonoscopy. This study compares CRC screening colonoscopies with SCC-CRC colonoscopies in RÖC among patients aged 60 to 67 years.

Methods:
An initial analysis of the Swedish colorectal screening cohort was combined with a retrospective cohort study, analyzing data from 307 CRC screening patients and 441 age-matched SCC-CRC patients in RÖC. Data included demographics, colonoscopy participation rates, and pathology findings. Statistical analyses compared outcomes between the 2 groups.

Results:
Among the screening group, 2% tested positive for FIT, with an 86% colonoscopy participation rate (N=9296). In RÖC, 266 screening patients underwent colonoscopy, with 10% diagnosed with CRC, compared with 20% in the SCC-CRC group. In addition, 39% of the screening group in RÖC were diagnosed with advanced adenomas, versus 15% in the SCC-CRC group

Conclusions:
Screening participation was high, with effectiveness aligning with international counterparts. The SCC-CRC pathway excels in diagnosing CRC among symptomatic patients, while the nationwide screening program is effective in early detection of CRC and advanced adenomas. underscoring the importance of integrating and optimizing both approaches within the Swedish health care system to optimize CRC prevention and management.
Centralized Scheduling of Nursing Staff
Authors: Morse Lisa , Duncan Hillary , Apen Lynette V. , Reese Karin , Crawford Cecelia L. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Centralized scheduling of nursing professionals is regarded as an effective strategy for optimizing workforce allocation and mitigating critical staffing shortages. The aim of this review is to (1) determine the effect of centralized scheduling on unit productivity (ie, overtime, contract labor, and floating), time savings for managers, and staff perceptions and retention and (2) discuss current approaches in the implementation of centralized scheduling in inpatient hospital settings.

Methods
This rapid review of the evidence follows methodological guidance from the Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group. Four electronic bibliographic databases were searched for research published from 2013 to 2023. A total of 446 articles were identified and screened, with a total of 12 articles included. Studies and reports were included if they addressed the operational question and were conducted in an inpatient hospital within the United States.

Results
Case study reports describe improved labor productivity (ie. less overtime and less contracted labor), more consistently balanced staffing of frontline nursing professionals, less staff reassignment (ie, floating), and increased satisfaction and time savings for managers after transitioning to a centralized scheduling model. These findings were consistent with a computational, experimental study that found centralized scheduling resulted in less labor costs and fewer undesirable shifts from the frontline nurse’s point of view compared to decentralized scheduling.
Reducing Falls in Hospitalized Children and Adolescents with Cancer and Blood Disorders: A Quality Improvement Journey
Authors: Morrissey Lisa K. , Ho Phuc , Ilowite Maya , Johnson David A. , Nixon Colleen M. , Thomas Marissa K. , Waitt Julie A. , Wierzchowski Amy , Renaud Ashley M. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Falls in hospitalized pediatric patients represent a serious patient safety concern. Children and adolescents with cancer and blood disorders have inherent risk factors that increase the likelihood of injury from falls. The Hematology/Oncology (HO) and Stem Cell Transplant (SCT) inpatient units at Boston Children’s Hospital embarked on a multiyear quality improvement journey to reduce inpatient falls in this population.

Methods:
A targeted Falls Reduction Task Force implemented key initiatives between 2020 and 2023. These include enhancing communication strategies to heighten awareness of the highest fall-risk patients, conducting a formal apparent cause analysis on every fall with injury, and initiating a physical therapy-led program to reduce deconditioning. Outcome measures were total falls, rate of preventable falls with injury per 1000 patient days, and days between preventable falls with injury. Our quality improvement team used statistical process control charts to track changes over time.

Results:
The combined rate of preventable falls with injury per 1000 patient days decreased from 0.63 in fiscal year (FY) 2020 to 0.25 in 2023. The SCT and HO units achieved a maximum of 442 days and 410 days, respectively, between preventable falls with injury in 2021–2023, compared with 124 and 117 days in 2020. The two units observed a 51% reduction in total falls over 4 years.

Conclusions:
A multifaceted fall reduction quality initiative effectively reduced preventable falls with injury on pediatric HO and SCT inpatient units, thereby reducing avoidable harm in a vulnerable patient population.
Fluid resuscitation in trauma: What you need to know
Authors: Dhillon Navpreet K. , Kwon Junsik , Coimbra Raul 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
There have been numerous changes in resuscitation strategies for severely injured patients over the last several decades. Certain strategies, such as aggressive crystalloid resuscitation, have largely been abandoned because of the high incidence of complications and worsening of trauma-induced coagulopathy. Significant emphasis has been placed on restoring a normal coagulation profile with plasma or whole blood transfusion. In addition, the importance of the lethal consequences of trauma-induced coagulopathy, such as hyperfibrinolysis, has been easily recognized by the use of viscoelastic testing, and its treatment with tranexamic acid has been extensively studied. Furthermore, the critical role of early intravenous calcium administration, even before blood transfusion administration, has been emphasized. Other adjuncts, such as fibrinogen supplementation with fibrinogen concentrate or cryoprecipitate and prothrombin complex concentrate, are being studied and incorporated in some of the institutional massive transfusion protocols. Finally, balanced blood component transfusion (1:1:1 or 1:1:2) and whole blood have become commonplace in trauma centers in North America. This review provides a description of recent developments in resuscitation and a discussion of recent innovations and areas for future investigation.
BEHAV3D Tumor Profiler to map heterogeneous cancer cell behavior in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Rios-Jimenez Emilio , Zomer Anoek , Collot Raphael , Román Mario Barrera , Ariese Hendrikus , van Ineveld Ravian L. , Kleinnijenhuis Michiel , Bessler Nils , Johnson Hannah , Rios Anne , Alieva Maria 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntravital microscopy (IVM) enables live imaging of animals at single-cell level, offering essential insights into cancer progression. This technique allows for the observation of single-cell behaviors within their natural 3D tissue environments, shedding light on how genetic and microenvironmental changes influence the complex dynamics of tumors. The complexity of data generated by IVM often surpasses the capabilities of conventional analyses accessible to biomedical scientists, thereby neglecting single-cell heterogeneity and limiting the exploration of microenvironmental influences on cellular behavior without bias. To address this challenge, here we introduce BEHAV3D Tumor Profiler (BEHAV3D-TP), a user-friendly computational framework designed for the comprehensive analysis of single tumor cell behaviors and their interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME). BEHAV3D-TP facilitates unbiased profiling of cancer cell dynamics without requiring advanced computational expertise. Here, we apply BEHAV3D-TP to study diffuse midline glioma (DMG), a highly aggressive pediatric brain tumor characterized by invasive growth. Our analysis reveals that distinct migratory behaviors of DMG cells correlate with specific TME components such as tumor-associated macrophages and vasculature. This approach, initially aimed at uncovering tumor invasive patterns and their interactions with the TME, holds promise for understanding additional cancer cell behaviors like intravasation and metastasis. BEHAV3D-TP represents a significant advancement in democratizing the analysis of heterogeneous cancer cell behaviors and their TME interactions, providing accessible computational insights into tumor dynamics.