bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining Protein Phase Separation and Bio‐orthogonal Linking to Coimmobilize Enzymes for Cascade Biocatalysis
Authors: Wu Shujiao , Luo Lingling , Luo Houtian , Qiao Li , Chen Haomin , Li Mijun , Pei Xiaolin , Xie Tian , Wang Anming , Sheldon Roger A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe designed and ordered co‐immobilization of multiple enzymes for vectorial biocatalysis is challenging. Here, a combination of protein phase separation and bioorthogonal linking is used to generate a zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF‐8) containing co‐immobilized enzymes. Zn2+ ions induce the clustering of minimal protein modules, such as 6‐His tag, proline‐rich motif (PRM) and SRC homology 3 (SH3) domains, and allow for phase separation of the coupled aldoketoreductase (AKR) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) at low concentrations. This is achieved by fusing SpyCatcher and PRM‐SH3‐6His peptide fragments to the C and N termini of AKR, respectively, and the SpyTag to ADH. Addition of 2‐methylimidazole results in droplet formation and enables in situ spatial embedding the recombinant AKR and ADH to generate the cascade biocalysis system encapsulated in ZIF‐8 (AAE@ZIF). In synthesizing (S)‐1‐(2‐chlorophenyl) ethanol, ater 6 cycles, the yield can still reach 91%, with 99.99% enantiomeric excess (ee) value for each cycle. However, the yield could only reach 72.9% when traditionally encapsulated AKR and ADH in ZIF‐8 are used. Thus, this work demonstrates that a combination of protein phase separation and bio‐orthogonal linking enables the in situ creation of a stable and spatially organized bi‐enzyme system with enhanced channeling effects in ZIF‐8.
A systemic analysis of participatory land and water governance in the Tsitsa River Catchment, South Africa
Authors: Fry Anthony , Clifford‐Holmes Jai , Palmer Carolyn 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEffective governance of complex social‐ecological systems requires diverse stakeholders to be engaged in meaningful participatory processes. Meaningful participation must be intelligible and significant to local actors and coherent within a broader, multilevel governance system. This study explores the complexities of participatory land and water governance in South Africa's Tsitsa River Catchment. Embedded within a transdisciplinary landscape restoration project (the Tsitsa Project), this study combines a diagram‐based analysis of local actor mental models with a narrative‐based analysis of participant observation data. Challenges, opportunities, and general principles are identified. Limited accessibility, resource constraints, and the legacy of centralised governance impede participation. The research identifies the critical role of local actors, particularly those with deep community ties, in driving inclusive processes. Building trust through face‐to‐face interactions and culturally appropriate communication strategies also emerged as vital elements for success. This research can inform participatory projects and interventions in rural and developing world contexts.
Reframing resilience as a systemic issue: Meta‐competencies that transform individuals and learning ecologies
Authors: Potts Monique , Le Hunte Bem 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEducational systems in Australia are currently in a state of flux and disruption, with student mental health and engagement at crisis levels. Educators need help keeping students engaged and providing the skills and competencies to navigate uncertain futures. Addressing this challenge, our study examines a proposed set of meta‐competencies (or systemic competencies) required for a systems reboot within our educational institutions. These meta‐competencies are agency, adaptability, creativity, compassion, interbeing, self‐awareness and reflexivity. This study analyses the application of these meta‐competencies for transformative resilience or transilience in a secondary school setting, examining how systems awareness and self‐awareness cannot be separated from the rest of the curricula. Using participatory action research methodologies and awareness‐based systems change, this research demonstrates that agency, self‐awareness and systems awareness can engage students in profound ways to create a new generation of systemic changemakers.
Hazing prevention insights from related research
Authors: Biddix J. Patrick , Kilmer Jason R. , Turrisi Rob 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHazing is a form of violence that can have short‐ and long‐term physical, emotional, and psychological impacts on individuals and communities. This article reviews existing approaches for addressing public health challenges adjacent to hazing such as school violence, bullying, and sexual violence. Employing evidence‐based strategies that are effective in these contexts, such as increasing protective factors for individuals, reshaping group dynamics, and shifting social norms through multi‐tiered intervention, may be effective for hazing prevention. The article concludes with recommendations to guide hazing intervention and educational efforts.
Contemporary hazing prevention initiatives and efforts
Authors: Sasso Pietro A. , Bruce Susan , Hart Lori , Davis Kayle J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHazing prevention and education efforts continue to evolve in response to changing student behavior. The organic and anomic nature of hazing is deeply embedded in higher education, permeating across campus reinforced by cultural norms and institutional practices. While numerous approaches attempt to disrupt hazing, public health approaches, particularly those that involve and engage students, offer new promise in facilitating sustained culture change against hazing.
Triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Ilex triflora Bl.
Authors: Nga Tran Thi , Diep Trinh Thi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFour triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the leaves of Ilex triflora Bl. collected in Lam Dong Province, Vietnam, using a combination of fractionation and various chromatographic methods. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, HMQC, HMBC, COSY, and ESI‐MS spectroscopic techniques. The identified compounds were ilekudinoside R, 3‐O‐α‐l‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐α‐l‐arabinopyranosyl‐α‐kudinlactone, kudinoside A, and latifoloside A. This is the first time these saponins were isolated from Ilex triflora Bl.
The use of hyperinsulinemia‐euglycaemia therapy in the treatment of amlodipine overdose in a dog
Authors: Ellis Connor , Odunayo Adesola 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA 1‐year‐old, female, spayed, mixed breed dog presented for lethargy, ataxia and possible ingestion of amlodipine. Based on clinical signs, history and clinicopathological findings, a diagnosis of amlodipine toxicosis was made. The patient's clinical signs and bloodwork derangements were refractory to traditional medical management for calcium channel blocker toxicosis, but a significant improvement was made after initiation of hyperinsulinemia‐euglycaemia therapy. The dog survived and made a full recovery. The use of hyperinsulinemia‐euglycaemia therapy for amlodipine toxicosis has not previously been reported in dogs. Hyperinsulinemia‐euglycaemia therapy can be used for treatment of hypotension as well as other clinical signs associated with calcium channel blocker toxicosis. The use of hyperinsulinemia‐euglycaemia therapy should be considered for amlodipine toxicosis in dogs.
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) distribution, origins, and risk evaluation in the Egyptian Mediterranean coast sediments
Authors: Hassaan Mohamed A. , Ragab Safaa , Elkatory Marwa R. , El Nemr Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA study was conducted on 31 surface sediments located in different sectors of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast. The sediments were analyzed for their pollution levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The sediments were collected from various depths in harbors, coastal lakes, bays, and lagoons, covering the southeastern Mediterranean of the Nile Delta region. The study aimed at determining the distribution, origin, and potential ecological impact of OCP and PCB pollutants. The researchers used the SRM method of GC‐MS/MS to measure the concentration of 18 PCBs and 16 OCPs residues. The study found that the total concentration of OCPs in the samples ranged from 3.091 to 20.512 ng/g, with a mean of 8.749 ± 3.677 ng/g. The total concentration of PCB residues ranged from 2.926 to 20.77 ng/g, with a mean of 5.68 ± 3.282 ng/g. The concentration of DDTs exceeded the effect range low (ERL) (1.00) and threshold effect level (TEL) (1.19) in several stations, but it was still below the effect range median (ERM) (7.00) and the probable effect level (PEL) (4.77). This indicates a low ecological risk. The principal component analysis (PCA) was also conducted to determine the sources of all pollutants in the sediment. The PCA showed significant correlations between the concentrations of Gama‐HCH and Beta‐HCH (0.741), suggesting similar sources.Practitioner Points
OCPs and PCBs residues were analyzed in the sediment of the southeastern Mediterranean.
The concentration, existence, and causes of OCPs and PCBs were investigated.
OCPs and PCBs ecological risk and ecotoxicological calculation were investigated in detail.
Cluster analysis, PCA, and correlation coefficient were also investigated.
Nachwuchsförderung in der Chirurgie
Authors: Heimke Marvin , Heinze Tillmann , Baumann Jorun , Kurz Bodo , Alkatout Ibrahim , Wedel Thilo 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Aufgrund eines abnehmenden Interesses unter Medizinstudierenden an einer chirurgischen Laufbahn, der Auswirkungen des demographischen Wandels sowie der technischen Herausforderungen besteht ein zunehmender Bedarf an gezielter Nachwuchsförderung in der Chirurgie. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde ein Lehrprojekt entwickelt, welches Medizinstudierende bereits in der Vorklinik mit minimal-invasiven Techniken der Chirurgie vertraut machen und so das Interesse an operativen Fachbereichen steigern soll.

Methodik
Im Rahmen des regulären vorklinischen anatomischen Präparierkurses wurden folgende Module zur laparoskopischen Chirurgie integriert: (1) klinische Vorlesung zur Technik und Einsatz der Laparoskopie, (2) explorative Live-Laparoskopie an einem Körperspender, (3) praktische Übungen an Laparoskopietrainern. Die Effekte dieses Lehrprojekts auf das Interesse an einer chirurgischen Laufbahn und das klinisch-anatomische Verständnis wurden von 295 Medizinstudierenden evaluiert.

Ergebnisse
Die Evaluation zeigte ein ausgeprägtes, geschlechtsunabhängiges Interesse, chirurgische Fertigkeiten bereits in der Vorklinik zu erlernen. Das Lehrprojekt führte zu einer signifikanten Steigerung des Interesses an einer chirurgischen Laufbahn. Zudem förderte die Einbindung der laparoskopischen Lehrmodule in den vorklinischen Anatomieunterricht die Lernmotivation und das Verständnis für die klinisch relevante topographische Anatomie.

Diskussion
Die Integration praxisnaher chirurgischer Inhalte in die vorklinische anatomische Lehre kann die Attraktivität chirurgischer Disziplinen erhöhen und gleichzeitig die anatomische Lehre optimieren. Längsschnittstudien sind erforderlich, um die Nachhaltigkeit dieser frühzeitigen klinischen Lehrmodule auf die Karriereentscheidung von Medizinstudierenden zu untersuchen.
Beyond defence: Immune architects of ovarian health and disease
Authors: Bazzano Maria Victoria , Köninger Angela , Solano Maria Emilia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThroughout the individual’s reproductive period of life the ovary undergoes continues changes, including cyclic processes of cell death, tissue regeneration, proliferation, and vascularization. Tissue-resident leucocytes particularly macrophages, play a crucial role in shaping ovarian function and maintaining homeostasis. Macrophages crucially promote angiogenesis in the follicles and corpora lutea, thereby supporting steroidogenesis. Recent research on macrophage origins and early tissue seeding has unveiled significant insights into their role in early organogenesis, e.g. in the testis. Here, we review evidence about the prenatal ovarian seeding of leucocytes, primarily macrophages with angiogenic profiles, and its connection to gametogenesis. In the prenatal ovary, germ cells proliferate, form cysts, and undergo changes that, following waves of apoptosis, give rice to the oocytes contained in primordial follicles. These follicles constitute the ovarian reserve that lasts throughout the female’s reproductive life. Simultaneously, yolk-sac-derived primitive macrophages colonizing the early ovary are gradually replaced or outnumbered by monocyte-derived fetal macrophages. However, the cues indicating how macrophage colonization and follicle assembly are related are elusive. Macrophages may contribute to organogenesis by promoting early vasculogenesis. Whether macrophages contribute to ovarian lymphangiogenesis or innervation is still unknown. Ovarian organogenesis and gametogenesis are vulnerable to prenatal insults, potentially programming dysfunction in later life, as observed in polycystic ovary syndrome. Experimental and, more sparsely, epidemiological evidence suggest that adverse stimuli during pregnancy can program defective folliculogenesis or a diminished follicle reserve in the offspring. While the ovary is highly sensitive to inflammation, the involvement of local immune responses in programming ovarian health and disease remains to be thoroughly investigated.
On invariant distributions of Feller Markov chains with applications to dynamical systems with random switching
Authors: Benaïm Michel , Tough Oliver 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe introduce simple conditions ensuring that invariant distributions of a Feller Markov chain on a compact Riemannian manifold are absolutely continuous with a lower semi-continuous, continuous or smooth density with respect to the Riemannian measure. This is applied to Markov chains obtained by random composition of maps and to piecewise deterministic Markov processes obtained by random switching between flows.
Decomposition and fragmentation of conventional and biobased plastic wastes in simulated and real aquatic systems
Authors: Plohl Olivija , Fras Zemljič Lidija , Erjavec Alen , Sep Noemi , Čolnik Maja , Fan Yee Van , Škerget Mojca , Vujanović Annamaria , Čuček Lidija , Volmajer Valh Julija 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlastics play a crucial role in our daily lives. The challenge, however, is that they become waste and contribute to a global environmental problem, increasing concerns about pollution and the urgent need to protect the environment. The accumulation and fragmentation of plastic waste, especially micro- and nanoplastics in aquatic systems, poses a significant threat to ecosystems and human health. In this study, the decomposition and fragmentation processes of conventional and biobased plastic waste in simulated water bodies (waters with different pH values) and in real water systems (tap water and seawater) are investigated over a period of one and six months. Three types of plastic were examined: thermoplastic polyethylene terephthalate and thermoset melamine etherified resin in the form of nonwovens and biobased polylactic acid (PLA) in the form of foils. Such a comprehensive study involving these three types of plastics and the methodology for tracking degradation in water bodies has not been conducted before, which underlines the novelty of the present work. After aging of the plastics, both the solid fraction and the leachate in the liquid phase were carefully examined. The parameters studied include mass loss, structural changes and alterations in functional groups observed in the aged plastics. Post-exposure assessment of the fragmented pieces includes quantification of the microplastic, microscopic observations and confirmation of composition by in situ Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The leachate analysis includes pH, conductivity, turbidity, total carbon and microplastic size distribution. The results highlight the importance of plastic waste morphology and the minor degradation of biobased PLA and show that microfibers contribute to increased fragmentation in all aquatic systems and leave a significant ecological footprint. This study underlines the crucial importance of post-consumer plastic waste management and provides valuable insights into strategies for environmental protection. It also addresses the pressing issue of plastic pollution and provides evidence-based measures to mitigate its environmental impact.
Graphical abstract
An open GNSS spoofing data repository: characterization and impact analysis with FGI-GSRx open-source software-defined receiver
Authors: Islam Saiful , Bhuiyan Mohammad Zahidul H. , Liaquat Muwahida , Pääkkönen Into , Kaasalainen Sanna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpoofing is becoming a prevalent threat to the users of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). It is important to deepen our understanding of spoofing attacks and develop resilient techniques to effectively combat this threat. Detecting and mitigating these attacks requires thorough testing, typically conducted in a laboratory environment through the establishment of a spoofing test-bed. The complexity, cost and resource demands of creating such a test-bed underscore the necessity of utilizing openly available datasets. To address this need, this paper introduces a new GNSS spoofing data repository from Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI) named hereafter as ‘FGI-SpoofRepo’. This data repository consists of raw In-phase and Quadrature (I/Q) data of live recordings of GPS L1 C/A, Galileo E1, GPS L5, and Galileo E5a signals. These datasets encompass three distinct types of spoofing characteristics (synchronous, asynchronous, and meaconing), making them very useful example candidates of open data for testing the performance of any anti-spoofing techniques (be it detection or mitigation). The inclusion of live signals in multiple GNSS frequencies and the presence of cryptographic signatures in Galileo E1 signal make these datasets potential benchmarks for assessing the resilience performance of multi-frequency multi-constellation receivers. The analysis of the datasets is carried out with an open-source MATLAB-based software-defined receiver, FGI-GSRx. An updated version of FGI-GSRx, equipped with the necessary modifications for processing and analyzing the new datasets, is released alongside the datasets. Therefore, the GNSS research community can utilize the open-source FGI-GSRx or any third-party SDR to process the publicly available raw I/Q data for implementation, testing and validation of any new anti-spoofing technique. The results show that time-synchronous spoofing seamlessly takes over positioning solution, while time-asynchronous spoofing acts as noise or in some cases, completely prevent the receiver from providing a positioning solution. Signal re-acquisition during an ongoing spoofing attack (cold start), the receiver tends to lock onto the spoofing signal with the highest peak, posing a potential threat to GNSS receivers without assisted information. Overall, this research aims to advance the understanding of complex spoofing attacks on GNSS signals, providing insight into enhancing resilience in navigation systems.
Efficiency and the core in NTU games in partition function form
Authors: Bimonte Giovanna , Senatore Luigi , Tramontano Salvatore 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to establish a necessary and sufficient condition for the non-emptiness of the core in NTU games in partition function form, given an externality scheme $$ f \in \textsf{Ex}(N) $$

f
∈
Ex
(
N
)

. We extend the notion of convexity to incorporate externality effects. By introducing a new concept of rationality, called collective rationality, we demonstrate the efficiency of the grand coalition $$ N $$
N
. We also identify a sufficient condition for the efficiency of the grand coalition using the property of individual superadditivity.
Homotopy Quotients and Comodules of Supercommutative Hopf Algebras
Authors: Heidersdorf Thorsten , Weissauer Rainer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study model structures on the category of comodules of a supercommutative Hopf algebra A over fields of characteristic 0. Given a graded Hopf algebra quotient $$A \rightarrow B$$

A
→
B

satisfying some finiteness conditions, the Frobenius tensor category $${\mathcal {D}}$$
D
of graded B-comodules with its stable model structure induces a monoidal model structure on $${\mathcal {C}}$$
C
. We consider the corresponding homotopy quotient $$\gamma : {\mathcal {C}} \rightarrow Ho {\mathcal {C}}$$

γ
:
C
→
H
o
C

and the induced quotient $${\mathcal {T}} \rightarrow Ho {\mathcal {T}}$$

T
→
H
o
T

for the tensor category $${\mathcal {T}}$$
T
of finite dimensional A-comodules. Under some mild conditions we prove vanishing and finiteness theorems for morphisms in $$Ho {\mathcal {T}}$$

H
o
T

. We apply these results in the Rep(GL(m|n))-case and study its homotopy category $$Ho {\mathcal {T}}$$

H
o
T

associated to the parabolic subgroup of upper triangular block matrices. We construct cofibrant replacements and show that the quotient of $$Ho{\mathcal {T}}$$

H
o
T

by the negligible morphisms is again the representation category of a supergroup scheme.
Breaking Points: Exploring the Well-Being of Egyptian Social Workers Amid Covid-19
Authors: Abu-Ras Wahiba , Badahdah Abdallah , Decker Eliza , Shahin Mohamed M 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges and stressors for social workers, often at the forefront of responding to crises. The pandemic has disrupted their professional practices, increased their workload, and exposed them to health risks. As a result, the well-being of social workers has become a growing concern, especially in countries with limited resources. The present study used a cross-sectional web-based survey to assess the prevalence rates of anxiety, stress, sleep quality, and overall well-being in a sample of 216 social workers employed in public medical facilities in Egypt during the COVID-19 epidemic. It also investigated the factors that influence their well-being. The results showed that half of the social workers (51.4%) scored 10 or higher on the General Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), 83.3% scored ≥ 14 on PSS-10, and the mean score for sleep quality was 7.24 (SD = 2.10). Over half (58.3%) scored 50 or lower on the World Health Organization Wellbeing scale (WHO-5). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that younger social workers and those who scored ≤ 9 on GAD-7 were more likely to report a higher level of well-being. A higher score on PSS-10 was associated with a decrease in overall well-being. Working with family members of COVID-19 patients and sleep quality were not associated with WHO-5. These findings highlight the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of social workers in Egypt, underscoring the importance of providing adequate support and resources to address their well-being.