bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress and antioxidant indices of the marine red alga Porphyra vietnamensis
Authors: Pise Navnath M. , Gaikwad Dattatry K. , Jagtap Tanaji G. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
-Oxidative stress and antioxidant defence systems were assessed in a marine red alga Porphyra vietnamensis Tanaka et Pham-Hoang Ho, from India. Lipid peroxidation (LPX) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were measured as oxidative stress markers. Antioxidant defences were measured as catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and ascorbic acid (AsA), in order to understand their dissimilarity with respect to environmental conditions (pollution levels) from selective locations along the central west coast of India. Levels of LPX, H2O2, CAT and GST were significantly higher in samples collected from Dona Paula than in samples from Malvan and Kunkeshwar, while a lower concentration of AsA was found in samples from Dona Paula. Heavy metals such as Cd, Pb and Hg in higher concentrations in these areas than in other sites were also observed. Variation of oxidative stress indices in response to the accumulation of heavy metals within P. vietnamensis could be used as molecular biomarkers for the assessment and monitoring of environmental quality in ecologically sensitive marine habitats.
Impact of Opened, Non Opened Pollination and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Sesame Production in the Reclaimed Lands, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Blal A.E.H. , Kamel S.M. , Mahfouz H.M. , Said M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The research was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suez Canal, during the sesame growing seasons of 2011 and 2012. For studying the impact of insect pollination and nitrogen fertilization on sesame production, the experiment was divided to 13 treatments of open pollination and non open pollination, with three different levels of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and one level of seryalin as biofertilizer. Non opened pollination treatments were covered before the start of flowering period with a perforated net bag, to allow the air to pass through and to prevent insects from approaching the plants. Quantitative and qualitative indicators, were measured as follows: rate of capsule per plant, capsule weight, rate of seeds in each capsule, weight of 1000 seeds, germination (%), seedlings vigour and oil content (%). Results clearly demonstrate that qualitative and quantitative indicators of sesame crop was significantly increased with opened pollination and with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level up to 40 kg N/feedan-1 plus or minus seryalin, in reclaimed sandy soils, in Ismailia, Egypt.
Marked reduction in mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Gerber Linda M. , Chiu Ya-Lin , Carney Nancy , Härtl Roger , Ghajar Jamshid 
Published: October 2013

Object
In spite of evidence that use of the Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (Guidelines) would dramatically reduce morbidity and mortality, adherence to these Guidelines remains variable across trauma centers. The authors analyzed 2-week mortality due to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) from 2001 through 2009 in New York State and examined the trends in adherence to the Guidelines.

Methods
The authors calculated trends in adherence to the Guidelines and age-adjusted 2-week mortality rates between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2009. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of time period on case-fatality. Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor insertion was modeled in a 2-level hierarchical model using generalized linear mixed effects to allow for clustering by different centers.

Results
From 2001 to 2009, the case-fatality rate decreased from 22% to 13% (p < 0.0001), a change that remained significant after adjusting for factors that independently predict mortality (adjusted OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.39–0.70; p < 0.0001). Guidelines adherence increased, with the percentage of patients with ICP monitoring increasing from 56% to 75% (p < 0.0001). Adherence to cerebral perfusion pressure treatment thresholds increased from 15% to 48% (p < 0.0001). The proportion of patients having an ICP elevation greater than 25 mm Hg dropped from 42% to 29% (p = 0.0001).

Conclusions
There was a significant reduction in TBI mortality between 2001 and 2009 in New York State. Increase in Guidelines adherence occurred at the same time as the pronounced decrease in 2-week mortality and decreased rate of intracranial hypertension, suggesting a causal relationship between Guidelines adherence and improved outcomes. Our findings warrant future investigation to identify methods for increasing and sustaining adherence to evidence-based Guidelines recommendations.
SOCS3 Deletion in T Lymphocytes Suppresses Development of Chronic Ocular Inflammation via Upregulation of CTLA-4 and Expansion of Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Yu Cheng-Rong , Kim Sung-Hye , Mahdi Rashid M. , Egwuagu Charles E. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are negative-feedback regulators of the JAK/STAT pathway, and SOCS3 contributes to host immunity by regulating the intensity and duration of cytokine signals and inflammatory responses. Mice with Socs3 deletion in myeloid cells exhibit enhanced STAT3 signaling, expansion of Th1 and Th17 cells, and develop severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Interestingly, development of the unique IL-17/IFN-γ double-producing (Th17/IFN-γ and Tc17/IFN-γ) subsets that exhibit strong cytotoxic activities and are associated with pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases has recently been shown to depend on epigenetic suppression of SOCS3 expression, further suggesting involvement of SOCS3 in autoimmunity and tumor immunity. In this study, we generated mice with Socs3 deletion in the CD4 T cell compartment (CD4-SOCS3 knockout [KO]) to determine in vivo effects of the loss of Socs3 in the T cell–mediated autoimmune disease, experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). In contrast to the exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in myeloid-specific SOCS3-deleted mice, CD4-SOCS3KO mice were protected from acute and chronic uveitis. Protection from EAU correlated with enhanced expression of CTLA-4 and expansion of IL-10–producing regulatory T cells with augmented suppressive activities. We further show that SOCS3 interacts with CTLA-4 and negatively regulates CTLA-4 levels in T cells, providing a mechanistic explanation for the expansion of regulatory T cells in CD4-SOCS3 during EAU. Contrary to in vitro epigenetic studies, Th17/IFN-γ and Tc17/IFN-γ populations were markedly reduced in CD4-SOCS3KO, suggesting that SOCS3 promotes expansion of the Th17/IFN-γ subset associated with development of severe uveitis. Thus, SOCS3 is a potential therapeutic target in uveitis and other autoinflammatory diseases.
Impact of Simulation Training on Time to Initiation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for First-Year Pediatrics Residents
Authors: Ross Joshua C. , Trainor Jennifer L. , Eppich Walter J. , Adler Mark D. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background
Pediatrics residents have few opportunities to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Enhancing the quality of CPR is a key factor to improving outcomes for cardiopulmonary arrest in children and requires effective training strategies.

Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of a simulation-based intervention to reduce first-year pediatrics residents' time for 3 critical actions in CPR: (1) call for help, (2) initiate bag-mask ventilation, and (3) initiate chest compressions.

Methods
A prospective study involving 31 first-year pediatrics residents at a children's hospital assigned to an early or late (control) intervention group. Residents underwent baseline assessment followed by repeat evaluations at 3 and 6 months. Time to critical actions was scored by video review. A 90-minute educational intervention focused on skill practice was conducted following baseline evaluation for the early-intervention group and following 3-month evaluation for the late-intervention group. Primary outcome was change in time to initiating the 3 critical actions. Change in time was analyzed by comparison of Kaplan-Meier curves, using the log-rank test. A 10% sample was timed by a second rater. Agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation (ICC).

Results
There was a statistically significant reduction in time for all 3 critical actions between baseline and 3-month evaluation in the early intervention group; this was not observed in the late (control) group. Rater agreement was excellent (ICC ≥ 0.99).

Conclusions
A simulation-based educational intervention significantly reduced time to initiation of CPR for first-year pediatrics residents. Simulation training facilitated acquisition of critical CPR skills that have the potential to impact patient outcome.
Factors Influencing the Presence of Interproximal Dental Papillae between Maxillary Anterior Teeth: A Clinical and Radiographic Study of the Indian Population
Authors: Kheur Mohit , Jain Nikhil V , Dugal Ramandeep , Musani Smita 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe presence of a normal and harmonically shaped papilla is crucial to avoid the presence of the ‘black triangle’ which is of major esthetic concern. The distance from the alveolar bone crest (BC) to the base of the contact area (CP) is a significant factor in determining whether a papilla will fill the interdental space.AimTo correlate the BC-CP distance with a different anatomic variable using a noninvasive method and to describe a simple, repeatable, observational measuring protocol to contribute to the prosthetic and surgical treatment planning.Materials and methodsA total of 63 patients were enrolled in the study. A digital radiographs of the interdental embrasure between teeth 12 and 11, 11 and 21 and teeth 21 and 22 were taken with a paralleling cone technique using a RINN film holder. The radiographic data was used to measure the distance between the contact point and the bone crest (BC-CP) and the interdental distance (IDD) at the level of the bone crest.ResultsThe number of papillae that filled the interproximal space decreased with the increasing BC-CP and IDD distance.ConclusionThe vertical and horizontal dimensions of the interdental space influence the existence of interdental papilla.How to cite this articleJain N, Dugal R, Kheur M, Musani S. Factors Influencing the Presence of Interproximal Dental Papillae between Maxillary Anterior Teeth: A Clinical and Radiographic Study of the Indian Population. World J Dent 2013;4(3):158-163.
Effectiveness of ProTaper Retreatment System associated with Organic Solvents in the Removal of Root Canal Filling Material
Authors: de Toledo Leonardo Renato , Chávez-Andrade Gisselle Moraima , Kuga Milton Carlos , Guiotti Flávia Angélica , Faria Gisele , Magro Miriam Graziele , Cavenago Bruno Cavalini 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT

Aim
To evaluate the effectiveness of ProTaper universal retreatment system in the removal of root canal filling material with thermomechanical compaction, in comparison to manualmechanical technique, associated with orange oil or eucalyptol.

Materials and methods
Forty extracted lower incisors were filled with thermomechanical compaction technique. After 3 years, the root canal filling was removed by: G1 - manualmechanical technique with orange oil; G2 - manual-mechanical technique with eucalyptol; G3 - ProTaper universal retreatment system with orange oil and G4 - ProTaper universal retreatment system with eucalyptol. In sequence, all root canals were instrumented to F5 instrument. The teeth were longitudinally grooved, images of buccal half were obtained in stereomicroscope and covered area by root canal filling material was measured using image tool software, in cervical, middle and apical radicular thirds. The results were subjected ANOVA and Tukey test (p = 0.05).

Results
In all thirds, the manual-mechanical technique showed lower presence of root canal filling material on root canal dentin in comparison to ProTaper retreatment universal system, regardless of organic solvent used (p < 0.05). There is no difference between organic solvents in removal root canal filling material (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
The ProTaper universal retreatment system showed lower effectiveness in removal root canal filling material than manual-mechanical technique, regardless of organic solvents (orange oil or eucalyptol oil) used.

Clinical significance
Recently rotary instruments have been proposed to removal of root canal filling material. However, there are no studies evaluating its effectiveness in removal root canal filling material in association with orange oil or eucalyptol oil.

How to cite this article
Guiotti FA, Kuga MC, de Toledo Leonardo R, Chávez-Andrade GM, Magro MG, Cavenago BC, Faria G. Effectiveness of ProTaper Retreatment System associated with Organic Solvents in the Removal of Root Canal Filling Material. World J Dent 2013;4(3):175-179.
Deficient Alveolar Bone with Multiple Unerupted Permanent Teeth
Authors: Sukh Ram , Singh Alka , Tandon Pradeep , Singh Gyan P 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTDeficiency in alveolar bone with multiple unerupted permanent teeth without any known etiology is a rare dental anomaly. Various local and systemic factors have been usually related to the multiple unerupted permanent teeth. In this case report we present a case of deficient alveolar bone in maxillary tuberosity region with multiple unerupted permanent teeth and make an effort to find out all possible causes of it. It is critical to diagnose and make proper treatment plan for eruption disturbance in early stage because treatment at a later stage is usually more complicated. The patient management in such cases needs to be planned specifically from multidisciplinary standpoint.How to cite this articleSukh R, Singh A, Tandon P, Singh GP. Deficient Alveolar Bone with Multiple Unerupted Permanent Teeth. World J Dent 2013;4(3):198-201.
Clinical Protocol for Esthetic Restoration using a Self-etching Adhesive
Authors: Tonetto Mateus Rodrigues , Borges Alvaro Henrique , Bandeca Matheus Coelho , Borges Fausto Frizzera , Fontanari Lucas , Andrade Marcelo Ferrarezi de 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
The advent of new adhesive systems is making techniques and clinical protocols to become faster and simpler, however it does not reduce the importance of knowledge of the properties, characteristics and interaction of dental materials with the tooth structure. Among the adhesives that have recently emerged, highlight the self-etching systems, especially the two-step selfetching, in which the acid primer is available in a separate bottle from the adhesive. These adhesives have shown good results for bond strength, microleakage and postoperative sensitivity, being an option for direct adhesive restorations in anterior teeth. This way, the present case report describes the step-by-step making of a class IV restoration in an upper right central incisor using atwo-step adhesive system, obtaining satisfactory results.

How to cite this article
Tonetto MR, Borges FF, Fontanari L, Borges AH, Bandeca MC, de Andrade MF. Clinical Protocol for Esthetic Restoration using a Self-etching Adhesive. World J Dent 2013;4(3):202-207.
Doing Theology in the Context of the Gift and the Promise of Nostra Aetate
Authors: Tilley Terrence W. 
Published: October 2013

This article addresses three problems and suggests ways to address these problems. First, Christian theology has often been supersessionist, especially in Christology and Mariology. Claims about Jesus and Mary being exceptional (in different ways) often involve forms of supersessionism. I report on two theological works that attempt to be orthodoxly Catholic and to avoid supersessionism. Second, I address the conflict between affirming the irrevocable covenant God made with Israel and the universality of salvation God wrought in Jesus. I argue herein that the key problem is logical, not theological. Hence, we should not seek to resolve this problem theoretically, but to dissolve it logically in a manner analogous to the way philosophers of religion have dissolved the logical problem of evil. Third, some have suggested that a commitment to true interreligious dialogue should weaken our commitment to our own tradition. I disagree and show that interreligious dialogue can, in practice, strengthen, not weaken, our commitments to our home tradition.
Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Vaid Yoginder N. , Dunnavant F. Daniel , Royal Stuart A. , Beukelman Timothy , Stoll Matthew L. , Cron Randy Q. 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTemporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is extremely common but frequently asymptomatic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast remains the gold standard for identifying TMJ arthritis in JIA. A reliable scoring system with published MRI examples of typical acute and chronic TMJ arthritis changes will be invaluable for future prospective treatment trials of TMJ arthritis in JIA.MethodsMRIs were collected from routine clinical studies assessing TMJ arthritis in JIA. Representative images were selected for publication to depict acute (synovial fluid, bone marrow edema, and synovial enhancement) and chronic (pannus, disc derangement, and condylar head flattening and erosions) TMJ arthritis findings. A preliminary MRI‐based scoring system for assessing degrees of acute and chronic TMJ arthritis was developed and tested for inter‐ and intrareader reliability.ResultsTMJ MRIs representative of acute and chronic TMJ arthritis in JIA were selected from among thousands taken (>500 TMJ MRI studies annually at Children's of Alabama) since September 2007. Moreover, computed tomography scans depicting select bony changes (osteophyte formation, micrognathia) were chosen for publication. A description of the MRI protocol for assessing TMJ arthritis is included. A preliminary scoring system weighted for degree of acute and chronic TMJ arthritis MRI findings was found to have substantial inter‐ and intrareader reliability.ConclusionA published set of MRIs depicting representative acute and chronic changes will help establish a standardized scoring system to assess TMJ arthritis in children with JIA. Future validation will aid in assessing improvement during treatment trials of TMJ arthritis.
DABCO‐Promoted Unexpected Regioselective Ring Opening and Stereoselective Addition Reactions of Sulfonylaziridines with Cyanoacetylenes: Access to Functionalized Enenitriles
Authors: Meng Ling‐Guo , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA highly regioselective ring opening and stereoselective addition reaction of sulfonylaziridines with cyanoacetylenes promoted by 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) was investigated. A variety of functionalized (Z)‐enenitriles could be obtained in good yields through regioselective cleavage of carbon‐nitrogen bonds in sulfonylaziridines.magnified image
Organic Acid Catalysts in Reactions of Lactones with Silicon Enolates
Authors: Yanai Hikaru , Ishii Nobuyuki , Matsumoto Takashi , Taguchi Takeo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBy choosing the organic acid catalysts, the reaction of lactones with ketene silyl acetals results in selective formation of simple Mukaiyama aldol adducts or olefination products, which are formed by the subsequent elimination of a silanol from the adducts. That is, in the presence of acidic zwitterions, the reaction of lactones with ketene silyl acetals gives simple Mukaiyama aldol adducts in excellent yields. In contrast, the same reaction in the presence of a carbon acid catalyst brings about the formation of olefination products in a Z‐selective manner.
Stable isotope ratio analysis of breastfeeding and weaning practices of children from medieval Fishergate House York, UK
Authors: Burt Nicole M. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTRib collagen of 51 juveniles and 11 adult females from the late medieval Fishergate House cemetery site (York, UK) were analyzed using nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratio analysis to determine the weaning age for this population and to reconstruct diet. The juveniles' ages ranged from fetal to 5–6 years, while the females were of reproductive age. Previous researchers suggested that the children from Fishergate House might have been weaned later than the medieval British norm of 2 years, based on a mortality peak at 4–6 years of age. The results show weaning was complete by 2 years of age, agreeing with previous British weaning studies. The adult female δ15N values have a mean of 11.4‰ ± 1.1‰ and the δ13C values have a mean of −19.4‰ ± 0.4‰. These findings are consistent with previous isotopic studies of female diet in York during this period, though slightly lower. The weaned juvenile nitrogen values were found to be higher than the adult females (12.4‰ ± 1.0‰ for δ15N and −19.7‰ ± 0.5‰ for δ13C), which might indicate a dependence on higher trophic level proteins such as marine fish or pork. Marine fish is considered a high status food and children are considered low‐status individuals at this time, making this a particularly interesting finding. Weaning does not appear to coincide with peak mortality, suggesting environment factors may be playing a larger role in child mortality at Fishergate House. Am J Phys Anthropol 152:407–416, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantum Dot Systems: a versatile platform for quantum simulations
Authors: Barthelemy Pierre , Vandersypen Lieven M. K. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractQuantum mechanics often results in extremely complex phenomena, especially when the quantum system under consideration is composed of many interacting particles. The states of these many‐body systems live in a space so large that classical numerical calculations cannot compute them. Quantum simulations can be used to overcome this problem: complex quantum problems can be solved by studying experimentally an artificial quantum system operated to simulate the desired hamiltonian.Quantum dot systems have shown to be widely tunable quantum systems, that can be efficiently controlled electrically. This tunability and the versatility of their design makes them very promising quantum simulators. This paper reviews the progress towards digital quantum simulations with individually controlled quantum dots, as well as the analog quantum simulations that have been performed with these systems. The possibility to use large arrays of quantum dots to simulate the low‐temperature Hubbard model is also discussed. The main issues along that path are presented and new ideas to overcome them are proposed.
Psymberin – biologische Eigenschaften und Ansätze zu Total‐ und Analogasynthesen
Authors: Bielitza Max , Pietruszka Jörg 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDer marine Naturstoff Psymberin hat seit seiner Isolation großes Interesse hervorgerufen. Obwohl die hohe Zytotoxizität des Schwammextrakts früh bekannt war, brauchte es mehr als ein Jahrzehnt und weitere 600 Extraktfraktionen, bis seine chemische Struktur aufgeklärt werden konnte. In den letzten acht Jahren folgten diverse synthetische und biologische Untersuchungen sowie Studien der Struktur‐Aktivitäts‐Beziehungen, welche zu einem tieferen Verständnis und zu noch potenteren potentiellen Antitumormitteln führten. Dieser Aufsatz fasst die gesamte Entwicklung der Studien zum marinen Polyketid Psymberin zusammen und verweist auf den Einfluss der organischen Synthese auf benachbarte wissenschaftliche Disziplinen.