bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Détermination des zones potentiellement favorables à l’implantation de forages manuels à partir d’analyse multicritère et d’un SIG : cas de la Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Jourda Jean Patrice , Kouame Kan Jean , Saley Mahaman Bachir , Eba Larissa Evrade , Anani Abenan Tawa , Biemi Jean 
Published: July 2015

Cette étude a été effectuée dans le cadre d’un projet initié par le Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’Enfance (UNICEF). En effet, pour faire face aux besoins toujours croissants en ouvrages d’alimentation en eau potable, des solutions adaptées doivent être envisagées. Parmi celles-ci, la réalisation de forages peu profonds (moins de 40 m) s’avère être l’une des solutions pour satisfaire les besoins en eau de certaines localités de la Côte d’Ivoire. Cette étude a donc été entreprise dans le but de localiser des zones où l’implantation de forages manuels est favorable. Elle a été réalisée à partir de la collecte de données géologiques, hydrogéologiques, géomorphologiques et de données relatives aux points d’eau existants. L’intégration de toutes ces données dans un Système d’Information Géographique (SIG) a permis l’élaboration d’une carte de zones favorables à l’exploitation des eaux souterraines à travers des puits peu profonds. Elles correspondent à de larges zones de substrat cristallin couvert d’une zone d’altération argilo-sableuse d’épaisseur significative (20–30 m), facteur particulièrement favorable aux perforations manuelles. On relève aussi un niveau partiellement favorable, qui devient favorable ou très favorable dans les vallées fluviales à faible pente (< 3 °). Les secteurs les moins favorables se situent dans les zones nord-orientales, sud-occidentales et dans la zone montagneuse de Man. Il est aussi important de considérer que les zones de bas-fonds présentent potentiellement des conditions plus favorables, mais nous constatons que la population est plus concentrée dans des zones élevées à cause du risque d’inondation et de conditions défavorables du terrain liées à la présence d’eau stagnante dans les zones les plus basses.
The Students' Perspective in Examining the Use of High-Fidelity Simulators in a Podiatric Medical Curriculum
Authors: Smith Kevin M. , Geletta Simon , Juels Christopher 
Published: July 2015

Background
We sought to assess the perceptions that podiatric medical students had of the use of simulators after completing a third-year simulation rotation. This type of analysis has not been reported in the podiatric medicine educational literature. Another goal of this study was to influence the podiatric medical community to increase studies that help demonstrate the effectiveness of simulation in the podiatric medical curriculum.

Methods
Data from rotation evaluations of 44 students from the 2011-2012 academic year included student responses to 11 quantitative items and textual analysis of the students' written comments. Basic descriptive statistics of student responses to the quantitative items allowed for the analysis of central tendencies and variations. Textual analysis was performed on comments that were coded into themes based on similar properties and characteristics that the comments shared.

Results
The analysis revealed that the simulation sessions were well liked. All of the students who responded to the survey rated the overall simulation rotation as “superior.” Textual analysis of the students' comments showed that students enjoy simulation as an educational tool because it helps enhance their clinical skills while also applying their didactic education to a practical experience. Clear evidence was presented that students want more cases and time to spend in the simulation laboratory to continue increasing their medical skills.

Conclusions
The student perception of simulation is that it is an effective educational tool. Further testing is needed to prove simulation efficacy in a podiatric medical curriculum.
The Ku subunit of telomerase binds Sir4 to recruit telomerase to lengthen telomeres in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Hass Evan P , Zappulla David C 
Published: July 2015

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in humans, the telomerase RNA subunit is bound by Ku, a ring-shaped protein heterodimer best known for its function in DNA repair. Ku binding to yeast telomerase RNA promotes telomere lengthening and telomerase recruitment to telomeres, but how this is achieved remains unknown. Using telomere-length analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we show that Sir4 – a previously identified Ku-binding protein that is a component of telomeric silent chromatin – is required for Ku-mediated telomere lengthening and telomerase recruitment. We also find that specifically tethering Sir4 directly to Ku-binding-defective telomerase RNA restores otherwise-shortened telomeres to wild-type length. These findings suggest that Sir4 is the telomere-bound target of Ku-mediated telomerase recruitment and provide one mechanism for how the Sir4-competing Rif1 and Rif2 proteins negatively regulate telomere length in yeast.
Os Fatores que Influenciam os Egressos do Curso de Secretariado Executivo Trilíngue da Universidade Federal de Viçosa a Ingressarem no Serviço Público
Authors: Faria Emilia de Oliveira , Silveira Tatiana Rodrigues 
Published: July 2015

As oportunidades de trabalho no setor público têm interessado um crescente número de indivíduos que optam por esse caminho em busca de estabilidade, qualidade de vida, oportunidade de construir uma carreira, treinamento e benefícios, entre outras vantagens oferecidas. Algumas razões são sugeridas para a busca do emprego público: elevação nas taxas de desemprego no setor privado; menor discriminação no processo seletivo quanto à idade, ao sexo e à universidade de formação; não-exigência de experiência prévia ou critérios estereotipados, tais como boa aparência, entre outros. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar as preferências e fatores que motivaram os estudantes de Secretariado Executivo Trílingue da Universidade Federal de Viçosa a optar pelo serviço público, especificamente, nas IFES (Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior). A tendência nas respostas dadas à maioria das questões mostra que os aspectos “estabilidade” e segurança foram os fatores mais indicados como motivadores para ingressar em uma estatal.
Profissional de Secretariado Empreendedor: Um Agente de Mudança.
Authors: Moreira Katia Denise , Santos Ana Kris dos , Neto Luis Moretto 
Published: July 2015

Tendo como foco o cenário corporativo contemporâneo, ambiente no qual é imprescindível que o indivíduo esteja preparado para subtrair adversidades e multiplicar oportunidades, esse estudo tem por objetivo refletir, a partir da história, formação e busca por aprimoramento do secretário, a possibilidade de atuação desse profissional, na função de agente de mudança do ambiente organizacional, utilizando para tal fim, as práticas do empreendedorismo, no sentido de identificar oportunidades permanentemente, inovar e mudar sempre. A metodologia é de natureza aplicada e abordagem qualitativa. Em relação aos objetivos é descritiva, com base na análise bibliográfica, periódicos e revistas especializadas. O resultado, além de pontuar a importância da formação profissional identificou que o profissional da área de secretariado agregou ao seu perfil de trabalho ferramentas que lhe permitem empreender. Tal fato é evidenciado quando comparado o processo do empreendedor e o secretário empreendedor, como também, as características do profissional de secretariado conservador versus empreendedor.
Relações Públicas e Secretariado Executivo: Interfaces de Atuação no Campo da Comunicação Organizacional
Authors: Souza Eduardo Cesar Pereira , Ferreira Bruno Américo Lima , Viana Inajara Amanda Fonseca 
Published: July 2015

Os debates teórico-metodológicos no campo das Relações Públicas e do Secretariado Executivo podem ser encontrados em diferentes pesquisas científicas (França, 2003; Kunsch, 2006; Nonato, 2008; Sabino & Marchelli, 2009; Oliveira, 2009). Singularmente, há também estudos que tratam das similaridades e peculiaridades entre as duas áreas (Leite, 2009; Werner; Oliveira, n.d. & Artico, 2013). Desse modo, este trabalho destina-se a responder a seguinte inquietação: Quais as interfaces de atuação profissional existentes entre a profissão de Relações Públicas e a de Secretário Executivo? Quanto à abordagem do problema este artigo é qualitativo. No que se refere aos objetivos e fins ele é descritivo. No tocante aos meios tem-se que se trata de um trabalho bibliográfico, tematizado e documental. Por fim, foi possível identificar quatro principais eixos comuns entre as ocupações, a saber: a) atuação pautada nas transformações tecnológicas; b) inserção no ambiente estratégico das organizações; c) agir com base na utilização da comunicação assertiva e, finalmente, d) a atuação profissional entendida como complementar, pois possibilita um efetivo assessoramento para a tomada de decisão por parte do alto escalão organizacional.
Tillage and cover crops effects on crop yield in wheat double‐cropping systems
Authors: Egbedi Peters E. , Fultz L. M. , Copes Josh , Dodla Syam , Parvej Rasel , Netterville Melanie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe United States is experiencing longer crop growing season in most states, which could afford producers the opportunity to diversify into double‐cropping (DC) and cover crop systems rather than the predominant summer and winter fallow systems. Thus, this study evaluated DC and cover crops effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and soybean (Glycine max) yield under conventional tillage (CT) and no‐tillage (NT). Summer cover crops (SCCs) were sunn hemp (Crotolaria juncea L.) and sorghum sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor), while winter cover crops (WCCs) were Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum) and wheat. Cropping systems were wheat‐fallow (W‐F), wheat‐cotton (W‐C), wheat‐soybean (W‐S), W‐SCC, WCC‐C, F‐C, WCC‐S, and F‐S. Tillage effect on crop yields varied across years. In 2021, wheat yield in CT of W‐C, W‐F, and W‐SCC (2831, 2689, and 2646 kg ha−1) significantly differed from NT of W‐S (1720 kg ha−1). No significant tillage effect was observed on cotton lint yield between W‐C and WCC‐C. For soybean, in 2020, the CT of W‐S and WCC‐S significantly outyielded the NT of W‐S and WCC‐S. Cropping system effect on wheat yield between W‐S and W‐SCC (1419 and 1987 kg ha−1) was significant in 2020 due to low stand counts in W‐SCC arising from the thick SCC biomass. Cotton lint yield in WCC‐C outyielded W‐C in all 3 years but was not significant. Soybean grain yield in W‐S was consistently higher than in WCC‐S, though not significant. Cotton lint and soybean grain yield in the fallow systems were the least. Overall, in a short term, crop yield in DC and cover crop systems were similar.
Evaluation of a telementalhealth alcohol use intervention program for mandated college students
Authors: Parker Lauren , Ulupinar Dogukan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Youthful Offenders Program for Telementalhealth (YOP‐T) is a synchronous brief intervention for alcohol harm reduction and the virtual application of the Youthful Offenders Program. This study aims to provide psychometric support for use of the protective behavioral measurements Safe Drinking Practices and Avoid Risky Behaviors in telementalhealth and to provide preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of YOP‐T in eliciting alcohol use and related harm reductions and increases in protective strategy utilization (N = 302). Reliability and validity for measurements were observed, and preliminary support for program effectiveness was established. Recommendations to improve psychometric properties and generalizability are discussed.
Adherence to wearing prescribed footwear in people at risk of diabetes‐related foot ulcers
Authors: Jarl Gustav , Hulshof Chantal M. , Tijhuis Kim A. , Busch‐Westbroek Tessa E. , Bus Sicco A. , van Netten Jaap J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionAdherence to wearing prescribed footwear is paramount in reducing the risk of developing diabetes‐related foot ulcers, but adherence is often lower than optimal. This study aimed to investigate predictors of footwear adherence and variations in adherence and activity in people at risk of diabetes‐related foot ulceration.MethodsSixty people at high foot ulcer risk were included. We measured the proportion of weight‐bearing acitivity time the prescribed footwear was worn for seven days. Multiple linear regression and analysis of variance were used.ResultsMean overall adherence was 63%. Adherence was lower at home than away from home (59% vs. 74%), while activity was higher at home (2.2 vs. 1.2 h/day). Adherence was similar across activities (61%–63%). No variable predicted the overall adherence. Higher Hba1c predicted lower adherence at home (β = −0.34, p = 0.045, R2 = 11.6%). More daily steps predicted lower adherence away from home (β = −0.30, p = 0.033, R2 = 9.3%). Adherence and activity were highest in mornings (71%, 1.1 h) and afternoons (71%, 1.5 h), and lower in evenings (40%, 0.8 h) and at nights (9%, 0.1 h). Adherence was similar on weekdays and weekend days (63% vs. 60%), but activity was higher on weekdays (3.4 vs. 3.0 h).ConclusionAdherence levels and predictors thereof differed between adherence at home and away from home, so we suggest to treat them as different concepts. Due to the low explained variance, future studies should focus on other predictors such as psychological variables.
Degradation of lubricating molecules in synovial fluid alters chondrocyte sensitivity to shear strain
Authors: Ayala Steven , Matan Salman O. , Delco Michelle L. , Fortier Lisa A. , Cohen Itai , Bonassar Lawrence J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractArticular joints facilitate motion and transfer loads to underlying bone through a combination of cartilage tissue and synovial fluid, which together generate a low‐friction contact surface. Traumatic injury delivered to cartilage and the surrounding joint capsule causes secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by chondrocytes and the synovium, triggering cartilage matrix breakdown and impairing the ability of synovial fluid to lubricate the joint. Once these inflammatory processes become chronic, posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) development begins. However, the exact mechanism by which negative alterations to synovial fluid leads to PTOA pathogenesis is not fully understood. We hypothesize that removing the lubricating macromolecules from synovial fluid alters the relationship between mechanical loads and subsequent chondrocyte behavior in injured cartilage. To test this hypothesis, we utilized an ex vivo model of PTOA that involves subjecting cartilage explants to a single rapid impact followed by continuous articulation within a lubricating bath of either healthy synovial fluid, phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), synovial fluid treated with hyaluronidase, or synovial fluid treated with trypsin. These treatments degrade the main macromolecules attributed with providing synovial fluid with its lubricating properties; hyaluronic acid and lubricin. Explants were then bisected and fluorescently stained to assess global and depth‐dependent cell death, caspase activity, and mitochondrial depolarization. Explants were tested via confocal elastography to determine the local shear strain profile generated in each lubricant. These results show that degrading hyaluronic acid or lubricin in synovial fluid significantly increases middle zone chondrocyte damage and shear strain loading magnitudes, while also altering chondrocyte sensitivity to loading.
Patellar bone defect grafting does not reduce anterior knee pain after bone‐patellar tendon‐bone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Martorell‐de Fortuny Lucas , Torres‐Claramunt Raul , Sánchez‐Soler Juan Francisco , Perelli Simone , Hinarejos P. , Monllau Joan Carles 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeDonor site morbidity is the main drawback to using bone‐patellar tendon‐bone (BPTB) as a graft in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The objective of the study was to determine whether refilling the patellar bone defect after BPTB harvesting with autograft bone decreased kneeling pain to a greater degree when compared with a group in which bone defect is left unaddressed.MethodsThis is a randomised single‐blinded controlled study. Forty patients were randomised into two groups; group 1: Patellar bone defect filled with autologous bone; group 2: Bone defect left undressed. Pain was measured by means of pressure algometry (PA). Functional outcomes were measured with the Kujala and Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment‐Patella (VISA‐P) score. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done to measure bone buildup between groups at the 1‐year follow‐up.ResultsNo differences were observed in the different algometry measurements and the scores were assessed at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The ratio of void filled remained consistently higher (p = 0.003) in group 1 when compared to group 2.ConclusionsAlthough refilling the lower pole of the patella with autologous bone from the harvested BPTB autograft loads the bone defect, it does not reduce pain at the donor site 1 year after surgery.Level of EvidenceTherapeutic study level 1.
Accelerating Convolutional Processing by Harnessing Channel Shifts in Arrayed Waveguide Gratings
Authors: Yi Dan , Zhao Caiyue , Zhang Zunyue , Xu Hongnan , Tsang Hon Ki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConvolutional neural networks are a powerful category of artificial neural networks that can extract features from raw data to provide greatly reduced parametric complexity and enhance pattern recognition and the accuracy of prediction. Optical neural networks offer the promise of dramatically accelerating computing speed while maintaining low power consumption even when using high‐speed data streams running at hundreds of gigabit/s. Here, we propose an optical convolutional processor (CP) that leverages the spectral response of an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) to enhance convolution speed by eliminating the need for repetitive element‐wise multiplication. Our design features a balanced AWG configuration, enabling both positive and negative weightings essential for convolutional kernels. A proof‐of‐concept demonstration of an 8‐bit resolution processor is experimentally implemented using a pair of AWGs with a broadband Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) designed to achieve uniform weighting across the whole spectrum. Experimental results demonstrate the CP's effectiveness in edge detection and achieved 96% accuracy in a convolutional neural network for MNIST recognition. This approach can be extended to other common operations, such as pooling and deconvolution in Generative Adversarial Networks. It is also scalable to more complex networks, making it suitable for applications like autonomous vehicles and real‐time video recognition.
Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate Modulators with Ultra‐High Modulation Efficiency
Authors: Meng Xiangyu , Yuan Can , Cheng Xingran , Yuan Shuai , Shang Chenglin , Pan An , Qu Zhicheng , Wang Xuanhao , Wang Jun , Zhang Peijie , Gui Chengcheng , Tang Jiang , Chen Chao , Zeng Cheng , Xia Jinsong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThin‐film lithium niobate (TFLN)‐based electro‐optic modulators have extensive applications in broadband optical communications due to their broad bandwidth, high extinction ratio, and low optical loss. However, compared with their silicon and indium‐phosphide (InP)‐based counterparts, TFLN exhibits lower modulation efficiency. Simultaneously achieving low driving voltage and a wide modulating bandwidth poses a significant challenge. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a transparent conductive oxide film into the device, resulting in an ultra‐high modulation efficiency of 1.02 V cm. The fabricated composite electrode not only attains high modulation efficiency but also sustains a high electro‐optic bandwidth, as evidenced by the 3 dB roll‐off at 108 GHz and the transmission of PAM‐4 signals at 224 Gbit s−1. The fabricated device offers novel solutions for low‐cost, high‐performance modulators, thereby facilitating the downsizing of TFLN‐based multichannel optical transmitter chips.
Activator Heavy Solid Solution in Rigid Framework: An Effective Strategy Toward Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Near‐Infrared Emission for Wireless Communication
Authors: Jia Shiyu , Shao Zifan , Zhang Chuang , Wang Wenjie , Li Xinglin , Zhou Rongfu , Zhou Yayun , Deng Tingting , Yu Ting , Song Enhai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBroadband near‐infrared (NIR) phosphors are crucial components of next‐generation NIR lighting sources. However, the design of high‐efficiency and thermally stable NIR phosphors still poses a significant challenge, whose quantum efficiencies (QEs) are directly limited by their absorption efficiency (AE) toward incident light. Here, an efficient and thermally stable NIR emission with AE up to 64.9% and emission keeping of 91.23% at 423 K is demonstrated via Cr3+ heavy solid solution in rigid framework LiCaGaF6:Cr3+ (LCGFC). Isomorphic LiCaAlF6:Cr3+ also exhibits thermal robustness, while traps in low doping concentration and low QEs. Comparative studies on crystal structure, formation energy, and Helmholtz free energy disclose that Cr3+ substitution on equivalent and equiradius Ga3+ site versus radii differential Al3+ site generates heavier solid solution and sustainable structural rigidity with acquirement of higher AE and better thermal stability. Incorporating LCGFC with a blue InGaN chip, a NIR phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diode is fabricated to realize stable wireless optical communication with good penetrability through biological tissue and some organic products. These findings develop a strategy based on activator heavy solid solutions in a rigid framework to achieve high‐efficiency and thermally stable NIR phosphors but also advance their novel optoelectronic applications.
Postfire extracellular enzyme activity in a temperate montane forest
Authors: O'Kelley Regina , Evered Abigail , Peter‐Contesse Hayley , Moore Jennifer , Lajtha Kate 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWildfire is a disturbance expected to increase in frequency and severity, changes that may impact carbon (C) dynamics in the soil ecosystem. Fire changes the types of C sources available to soil microbes, increasing pyrogenic C and coarse downed wood, and if there is substantial tree mortality, decreasing C from root exudates and leaf litter. To investigate the impact of this shift in the composition of C resources on microbial processes driving C cycling, we examined microbial activity in soil sampled from an Oregon burn 1 year after fire from sites spanning a range in soil burn severity from unburned to highly burned. We found evidence that postfire rhizosphere priming loss may reduce soil C loss after fire. We measured the potential activity of C‐acquiring and nitrogen (N)‐acquiring extracellular enzymes and contextualized the microbial resource demand using measurements of mineralizable C and N. Subsurface mineralizable C and N were unaltered by fire and negatively correlated with hydrolytic extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) in unburned, but not burned sites. EEA was lower in burned sites by up to 46%, but only at depths below 5 cm, and with greater decreases in sites with high soil burn severity. These results are consistent with a subsurface mechanism driven by tree mortality. We infer that in sites with high tree mortality, subsurface EEAs decreased due to loss of rhizosphere priming and that inputs of dead roots contributed to mineralizable C stabilization.