bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Johns Hopkins Hospital template for urologic cytology samples
Authors: VandenBussche Christopher J. , Sathiyamoorthy Srividya , Owens Christopher L. , Burroughs Frances H. , Rosenthal Dorothy L. , Guan Hui 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Urine cytology represents a major portion of testing volume in many cytopathology laboratories.METHODS:The authors previously reported a template designed to standardize urothelial diagnostic categories to enable clinicians to uniformly manage their patients. In this study, they examined the common cytomorphologic features observed in specimens diagnosed with atypical urothelial cells, cannot exclude high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (AUC‐H), which prove most predictive of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC).RESULTS:The most common morphologic features observed in the AUC‐H specimens were hyperchromasia, irregular nuclear borders, increased nucleus‐to‐cytoplasm ratio, and anisonucleosis. Of the 58 patients who had specimens diagnosed with AUC‐H, 95% ultimately were diagnosed with HGUC on follow‐up biopsy over the study period. The small number of patients who had AUC‐H with non‐HGUC follow‐up did not allow for a statistical comparison to determine the predictive ability of the selected criteria for HGUC. Next, the authors used the same features to examine a subset of urine samples that were diagnosed with atypical urothelial cells of unknown significance (AUC‐US) in an attempt to improve the predictive value of this clinically frustrating category. A blind review was performed of 290 urine specimens from 217 patients. In contrast to the AUC‐H specimen cohort, the majority of specimens with AUC‐US did not contain atypical cells with the 4 common morphologic features. All 4 features significantly predicted HGUC in surveillance patients, but not in patients with hematuria.CONCLUSIONS:Hyperchromasia was the strongest predictor of HGUC by far in patients who were undergoing surveillance (odds ratio, 9.81). Hyperchromasia remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis, indicating its predictive strength even in the absence of other features. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013;121:21–28 © 2012 American Cancer Society.
BRAF (V600E) mutation analysis on liquid‐based cytology‐processed aspiration biopsies predicts bilaterality and lymph node involvement in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Rossi Esther Diana , Martini Maurizio , Capodimonti Sara , Lombardi Celestino Pio , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Vellone Valerio Gaetano , Zannoni Gian Franco , Larocca Luigi Maria , Fadda Guido 
Published: November 2012

BACKGROUNDActivating mutations in the valine‐to‐glutamic acid substitution at position 600 of the v‐raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF‐1) gene are detected frequently in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). These mutations have been identified in approximately 29% to 69% of PTCs and in >80% of PTCs of the tall cell variant, whereas they have not been detected in benign lesions or in the majority of those (80%) with the follicular variant of PTC. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the role of liquid‐based cytology (LBC) for the detection of BRAF mutations in the outcome of patients who have thyroid PTC measuring ≤1 cm and, hence, in guiding their clinical and surgical management.METHODSFrom October 2010 through June 2011, 230 consecutive cases were diagnosed as positive for malignancy on fine‐needle aspiration cytology processed by LBC. Of these, 73 PTCs ≤1 cm underwent BRAF mutational analysis. The aspirated material was processed using an LBC technique. After DNA extraction of the residual material, BRAF mutation analysis was performed using a direct sequencing method.RESULTSFifty of 73 patients (68.5%) underwent surgery, and 34 of those patients (68%) had tumors that expressed a BRAF mutation (31 PTCs, including 11 tall cell variants and 3 follicular‐variant PTCs). A significant association between BRAF mutation and bilaterality of cancer was observed (odds ratio, 0.077; P = .0007). BRAF mutation was associated significantly with lymph node involvement (odds ratio, 19; P = .0007) but not with extracapsular infiltration (odds ratio, 0.298; P = .179).CONCLUSIONSThe current results indicated that BRAF gene mutations can be identified successfully on LBC material and using other cytologic methods with high reproducibility, feasibility, and informative results. The presence of a BRAF mutation may preoperatively predict the behavior of microscopic PTC, suggesting a more aggressive surgical approach. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013;121:291–7. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanosphere Supported Europium(III) Tetrakis(β‐diketonate) Complexes with Ionic Liquid Compounds as Linkers
Authors: Shao Yan‐Fei , Yan Bing , Li Qiu‐Ping 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA series of organic–inorganic hybrids are prepared with magnetic mesoporous silica nanosphere supported europium(III) tetrakis(β‐diketonate) complexes with ionic liquid compounds as linker {denoted as MMS·Im+·[Eu(β‐diketonate)4]–}. Firstly, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized through the coprecipitation of ferrous and ferric ion solutions and were incorporated into mesoporous silica nanospheres. Secondly, europium(III) tetrakis(β‐diketonate) complexes [β‐diketonate = 2‐thenoyltrifluoroacetonate (TTA), 4,4,4‐trifluoro‐1‐phenyl‐1,3‐butanedionate (BTA), trifluoroacetylacetonate (TAA), acetylacetone (ACAC), hexafluoroacetylacetone (HFACAC)] and the ionic liquid 1‐methyl‐3‐[3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]imidazolium chloride (Im+Cl–) were prepared. The ionic liquid was then covalently attached to the magnetic mesoporous silica nanospheres through the Si–O network. Finally, europium(III) tetrakis (β‐diketonate) complexes were attached by an anion exchange reaction. The physical characterization, magnetic, and especially luminescent properties are discussed in detail. These results reveal that the resultant nanocomposites possess high surface area and superparamagnetic properties at 300 K. Additionally, the MMS·Im+·[Eu(TTA)4]– and MMS·Im+·[Eu(BTA)4]– hybrids exhibit high luminescent quantum efficiencies.
A New Validated Potentiometric Method for Batch and Continuous Quality Control Monitoring of Oseltamivir Phosphate (Taminil) in Drug Formulations and Biological Fluids
Authors: Hassan Saad S. M. , EL‐Nashar Rasha M. , El‐Tantawy Aliaa S. M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA new validated potentiometric method is described for batch and continuous quality control monitoring of the drug oseltamivir phosphate (Taminil) (OST). The method involves the development of a potentiometric sensor responsive to the drug based on the use of the ion‐association complex of (OST+) cation with phosphomolybdate anion (PMA−) as an electroactive material in a poly(vinyl chloride) matrix membrane plasticized with o‐nitrophenyloctyl ether (o‐NPOE). Optimization of the performance characteristics of the sensor is described. A membrane incorporating the OST‐PMA‐NPOE complex in a tubular flow through detector is used in a two channel flow injection set up for continuous monitoring of the drug at a frequency of ∼30 samples h−1. The sensor shows fast near‐Nernstian response for OST over the concentration range 5.2×10−5–0.8×10−2 M (21.34 µg mL−1–3.23 mg mL−1) with a detection limit of 9.1×10−6 M (3.73 µg mL−1) over the pH range 4.6–6.1. The sensor displays good selectivity for OST drug over some basic drugs, inorganic cations, excipients and diluents commonly used in the drug formulations. Validation of the assay method is tested by measuring the lower detection limit, range, linearity, bias, trueness, accuracy, precision, and between‐day‐variability, within day reproducibility, selectivity and ruggedness (robustness). The results reveal good potentiometric performance of the proposed sensor for determination of OST in pharmaceutical capsules and in biological fluid matrices as well as for testing the dissolution profile of the drug and drug homogeneity.
A procedure for generating performance spectra for structures equipped with passive supplemental dampers
Authors: Guo Jack Wen Wei , Christopoulos Constantin 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYA procedure for estimating the peak response of SDOF systems equipped with passive supplemental dampers using code‐defined uniform hazard spectra is presented. The proposed procedure makes use of an improved equivalent linearization method that unifies the treatment of supplemental hysteretic and viscous‐viscoelastic damping and can be readily implemented in a computer script. Nonlinear time‐history analyses demonstrated that the proposed method makes significantly more reliable predictions than other common equivalent linearization methods for systems with supplemental dampers. Using the proposed procedure, performance spectra, which are plots of normalized response of SDOF systems with dampers, can be generated for practical performance‐based design. To obtain a more complete description of the system performance, a simplified method for estimating the residual drift is also verified using results of extensive nonlinear time‐history analyses. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of essential oils from Chinese indigenous aromatic plants on mycelial growth and morphogenesis of three phytopathogens
Authors: Lu Min , Han Zhiqiang , Xu Yun , Yao Lei 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTEssential oils from Chinese indigenous aromatic plants were tested for antimicrobial activity and induction of morphological changes in the tobacco pathogens Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum destructivum and Phytophthora parasitica. The results revealed that the extent of mycelial growth inhibition was widely dependent upon the composition and concentration of essential oils. Among the 29 essential oils tested, superior broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activities were observed from cinnamon, geranium, cumin, thyme, basil and lemongrass essential oils. Concentration‐dependent inhibition was also determined for these active essential oils. The essential oils from cinnamon and thyme exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity against mycelial growth of A. alternata, C. destructivum and P. parasitica. The essential oils also had a strong detrimental effect on spore germination of all the plant pathogens tested in a dose‐dependent manner. Compositions of the essential oils from cinnamon, geranium, cumin, thyme, basil and lemongrass were identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The major components of these essential oils were cinnamaldehyde (80.4%), citronellol (41.6%), cuminaldehyde (46.9%), thymol (39.8%), linalool (50.0%) and citronellal (20.8%), respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that these essential oils caused considerable morphological degeneration, including cytoplasmic coagulation, shrivelled hyphal aggregation, flattened empty hyphae, and swelling and lysis of hyphal wall in the three phytopathogens. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical Model for the Optimal Design of Air Cooling Systems of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells. Application to a High‐Temperature PEMFC
Authors: Barreras F. , Lozano A. , Barroso J. , Roda V. , Maza M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe cooling system of a high‐temperature PEM fuel cell with a nominal electric power of 1.5 kW for a combined heat and power unit (CHP) has been designed using a thermochemical model. The 1D model has been developed as a simple, predictive, and useful tool to evaluate, design, and optimize cooling systems of PEM fuel cells. As proved, it can also be used to analyze the influence of different operational and design parameters, such as the number and geometry of the channels, or the air flow rate, on the overall performance of the stack. To validate the model, predicted results have been compared with experimental measurements performed in a commercial 2 kW air‐forced open‐cathode stack. The model has then been applied to calculate the air flow required by the designed prototype stack as a function of the power output, as well as to analyze the influence of the cooling channels configuration (cross‐section geometry and number) on the heat management. Results have been used to select the optimum air‐fan cooling system, which is based on compact axial fans.
Optimization of DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering Deposition Process for Efficient YSZ Electrolyte Thin Film SOFC
Authors: Hidalgo H. , Thomann A.‐L. , Lecas T. , Vulliet J. , Wittmann‐Teneze K. , Damiani D. , Millon E. , Brault P. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractYttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ, ZrO2:Y2O3) thin films were deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering with a high deposition rate from a metallic target of Zr/Y in an argon/oxygen atmosphere. Plasma parameters and composition analysis of the gas phase reveal that the sputtering process in the “compound” mode is reached for a 2.5 sccm oxygen flow rate. Deposition onto silicon in “metal” mode at a flow rate close to the transition, allows obtaining at very high deposition rates (>10 μm h–1) a compact columnar stoichiometric crystallized YSZ film. When deposited on NiO‐YSZ commercial anode, the obtained coatings show the same properties. In spite of the complexity of the substrate (roughness and porosity), a compact and conformed layer was formed. Annealing treatments in air or hydrogen do not significantly alter the structure of the layers. Electrochemical test at 850 °C with a screen‐printed LSM (LaSrMnO3) cathode exhibits a satisfying gastightness (OCV = 900 mV) and a maximum power density of 350 mW cm–2.
Study on the Oxidation Enhancement of Formic Acid and Formate Blended Fuel Solution on Pt Catalyst
Authors: Guo J. , Gao Y.‐Y. , Tan C.‐H. , Li Y.‐P. , Zhao S.‐L. , Bai L.‐Z. , Zhang S.‐Y. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe effect of [HCOOH]/[HCOONa] ratio on the oxidation activity of HOOH and HCOONa blended fuel solution on Pt nanocatalyst is studied using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and Tafel analysis. Five electrolyte solutions with the same total concentrations of HCOOH and HCOONa but different [HCOOH]/[HCOONa] ratios are tested. Blended solutions containing both higher HCOOH and HCOONa concentrations are found to be more active than single HCOOH or HCOONa solution, with the solution containing 0.8 mol dm–3 HCOONa and 0.2 mol dm–3 HCOOH exhibiting the best activity. The reasons behind the better performance of the HCOOH and HCOONa blended solutions – such as electric conductivity, pH, concentrations of HCOOH, and HCOONa, ionic strength of the solution, and oxidation mechanism of HCOOH – are investigated. Enhanced oxidation activity of the HCOOH and HCOONa blended solution is observed to be the mutual effect of various reasons, with pH and [HCOO–] assuming the key roles.
Long‐Term Testing of SOFC Stacks at Forschungszentrum Jülich
Authors: Blum L. , Packbier U. , Vinke I. C. , de Haart L. G. J. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractForschungszentrum Jülich is performing long‐term SOFC stack tests for more than 17 years. Within the European project Real‐SOFC (2004–2008) durability tests operating at 700 °C were started with two short stacks which reached the first milestone of 10,000 h in November 2008. The operation of one stack, clearly showing progressive degradation over the last 5,000 h, was terminated after more than 2 years for inspection of the status of the components and interfaces. The second stack is now in operation for more than 5 years having reached 43,800 h in August 2012. The average voltage degradation over the full duration was about 1% per 1,000 h. Another short stack with plasma sprayed protective coatings on the air side of the interconnects is running for more than 14,000 h, showing about 0.12% voltage degradation per 1,000 h. A stack with a similar configuration but LSM cathodes, operated at a temperature of 800 °C, broke down after 2 years. As reason for the break‐down manganese diffusion from the LSM cathode into the 8YSZ electrolyte could be determined by post‐test analysis. All these short stacks have been tested with humidified hydrogen at a fuel utilization of 40% and with dry air. In the meantime a 2.6 kW stack was operated on internally reformed methane for 4,500 h showing about 0.3% voltage degradation per 1,000 h.
Feasibility, internal consistency and covariates of TICS‐m (telephone interview for cognitive status ‐ modified) in a population‐based sample: findings from the KORA‐Age study
Authors: Lacruz ME , Emeny RT , Bickel H , Linkohr B , Ladwig KH 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveTest the feasibility of the modified telephone interview for cognitive status (TICS‐m) as a screening tool to detect cognitive impairment in a population‐based sample of older subjects.MethodsData were collected from 3,578 participants, age 65–94 years, of the KORA‐Age study. We used analysis of covariance to test for significant sex, age and educational differences in raw TICS‐m scores. Internal consistency was analysed by assessing Cronbach's alpha. Correction for education years was undertaken, and participants were divided in three subgroups following validated cut‐offs. Finally, a logistic regression was performed to determine the impact of sex on cognition subgroups.ResultsInternal consistency of the TICS‐m was 0.78. Study participants needed approximately 5.4 min to complete the interview. Lower raw TICS‐m scores were associated with male sex, older age and lower education (all p < 0.0001). After correction for education years, 2,851 (79%) had a non‐impaired cognitive status (score >31). Male sex was independently associated with having a score equal to or below 27 and 31 (OR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.4–2.5 and OR = 1.5, 95%CI 1.2–1.7, respectively).ConclusionsThe TICS‐m is a feasible questionnaire for community‐dwelling older adults with normal cognitive function or moderate cognitive impairment. Lower cognitive performance was associated with being a man, being older, and having fewer years of formal education. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational spectroscopic changes of B‐lymphocytes upon activation
Authors: Mazur Antonella I. , Monahan Jennifer L. , Miljković Miloš , Laver Nora , Diem Max , Bird Benjamin 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe first study interpreting B‐lymphocyte activation in normal lymph nodes using vibrational micro‐spectral imaging is reported. Lymphocyte activation indicates the presence and response against a pathogen, regardless of the inciting pathogen's etiology, whether a benign, reactive or malignant process. Understanding the biochemical makeup of lymphocyte activation during early stages of disease and immune response may offer significant aid in determining a tumor's origin without the presence of malignant metastatic cells but within lymph nodes that are reactive and displaying regions of hyperplasia. Infrared and Raman data scrutinized via unsupervised multivariate methods may provide a physical and reproducible method to determine the biochemical components and variances therein of activated lymph nodes with distinguishing characteristics depending on the malignancy present in the region or elsewhere in the body. The results reported here provide a proof‐of‐concept study that reveal a potential to screen lymph nodes for disease without the presence of metastatic cells. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Noninvasive imaging of heart chamber in Drosophila with dual‐beam optical coherence tomography
Authors: Tsai Meng‐Tsan , Lee Cheng‐Kuang , Chang Feng‐Yu , Wu June‐Tai , Wu Chung‐Pu , Chi Ting‐Ta , Yang C. C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe heart chamber of an adult Drosophila is approximately 2 mm long and 0.5 mm wide, and the interwall separation of different heart portions during systole and diastole range from tens of micrometers to hundreds of micrometers. Furthermore, the heart chamber has a curved structure, which results in the larger differences in depth between the different heart portions. However, applying the wavelength calibration process before Fourier transform in an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system may cause degradation in system sensitivity and longitudinal resolution when the optical path difference between the reference and sample arms increases, which makes imaging the entire heart chamber difficult with OCT system. Additionally, since the heartbeat rate of Drosophila is approximately 6 beats/s, a high‐speed OCT system is necessary to record the dynamics of the heat beats. In this study, we propose a new approach to visualize the entire heart chamber including the conical chamber and four ostia portions, and to observe the retrograde and anterograde beats. A buffered Fourier‐domain mode‐locked (FDML) laser is implemented to provide a high imaging speed. Two output ports of the buffered FDML laser are used simultaneously to scan the different heart portions of Drosophila, and the effective A‐scan rate of the OCT system can be doubled. Then, the two scanned images are merged into a single B‐mode scan. Furthermore, with dual‐beam OCT system, the beating behaviors of the different heart portions from 7‐day‐old and 21‐day‐old flies are compared. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The histone H3K27 methylation mark regulates intestinal epithelial cell density‐dependent proliferation and the inflammatory response
Authors: Turgeon Naomie , Blais Mylène , Delabre Jean‐François , Asselin Claude 
Published: November 2012

AbstractPolycomb‐group proteins form multimeric protein complexes involved in transcriptional silencing. The Polycomb Repressive complex 2 (PRC2) contains the Suppressor of Zeste‐12 protein (Suz12) and the histone methyltransferase Enhancer of Zeste protein‐2 (Ezh2). This complex, catalyzing the di‐ and tri‐methylation of histone H3 lysine 27, is essential for embryonic development and stem cell renewal. However, the role of Polycomb‐group protein complexes in the control of the intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) phenotype is not known. We show that Suz12 and Ezh2 were differentially expressed along the intestinal crypt‐villus axis. ShRNA‐mediated Suz12 depletion in the IEC‐6 rat crypt‐derived cell line decreased Ezh2 expression and H3K27 di‐trimethylation. Suz12‐depleted cells achieved higher cell densities after confluence, with increased cyclin D2 and cyclin D3 protein levels, and increased STAT3 activation in post‐confluent cells. Suz12 depletion specifically increased mostly developmental, cell adhesion and immune response gene expression, including neuronal and inflammatory genes. Suz12 depletion directly and indirectly de‐regulated the IL‐1β‐dependent inflammatory response, as demonstrated by decreased MAPK p38 activation as opposed to JNK activation, and altered basal and stimulated expression of inflammatory genes, including transcription factors such as C/EBPβ. Of note, this positive effect on cell proliferation and inflammatory gene expression was revealed in the absence of the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p16, a main target negatively regulated by PRC2. These results demonstrate that the PRC2 complex, in addition to keeping in check non‐IEC differentiation pathways, insures the proper IEC response to cell density as well as to external growth and inflammatory signals, by controlling specific signaling pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1203–1215, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.