bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Formation and Deposition: Where Do we Stand and What Does the Future hold?
Authors: Sirotti Silvia , Scanu Anna , Pascart Tristan , Niessink Tom , Maroni Paola , Lombardi Giovanni , Filippou Georgios 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of the review
Although calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) has been known since the 1960s, our understanding of its pathogenesis remains rudimentary. This review aims to illustrate the known mechanisms underlying calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal formation and deposition and explore future directions in research. By examining various perspectives, from basic research to clinical and imaging assessments, as well as new emerging methodologies, we can establish a starting point for a deeper understanding of CPPD pathogenesis.

Recent Findings
Recent years have seen significant advances in CPPD research, particularly in the clinical field with the development of the 2023 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for CPPD disease, and in imaging with the introduction of the OMERACT ultrasonographic definitions and scoring system. However, progress in basic research has been slower. New laboratory approaches, such as Raman spectroscopy and omics sciences, offer promising insights that may help piece together the puzzle of CPPD.

Summary
CPPD is a common yet understudied condition. As the population ages and CPPD becomes more prevalent, there is an urgent need to better understand the disease and the mechanisms involved in crystal formation and deposition, in order to improve diagnosis and therapeutic approaches.
Comparison of Perovskite Systems Based on AFeO3 (A = Ce, La, Y) in CO2 Hydrogenation to CO
Authors: Matveyeva Anna N. , Omarov Shamil O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCO2 is the most cost-effective and abundant carbon resource, while the reverse water–gas reaction (rWGS) is one of the most effective methods of CO2 utilization. This work presents a comparative study of rWGS activity for perovskite systems based on AFeO3 (where A = Ce, La, Y). These systems were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) with different ratios of fuel (glycine) and oxidizer (φ), different amounts of NH4NO3, and the addition of alumina or silica as supports. Various techniques, including X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2-physisorption, H2 temperature-programmed reduction, temperature-programmed desorption of H2 and CO2, Raman spectroscopy, and in situ FTIR, were used to relate the physicochemical properties with the catalytic performance of the obtained composites. Each specific perovskite-containing system (either bulk or supported) has its own optimal φ and NH4NO3 amount to achieve the highest yield and dispersion of the perovskite phase. Among all synthesized systems, bulk SCS-derived La–Fe–O systems showed the highest resistance to reducing environments and the easiest hydrogen desorption, outperforming La–Fe–O produced by solgel combustion (SGC). CO2 conversion into CO at 600 °C for bulk ferrite systems, depending on the A-cation type and preparation method, follows the order La (SGC) < Y < Ce < La (SCS). The differences in properties between La–Fe–O obtained by the SCS and SGC methods can be attributed to different ratios of oxygen and lanthanum vacancy contributions, hydroxyl coverage, morphology, and free iron oxide presence. In situ FTIR data revealed that CO2 hydrogenation occurs through formates generated under reaction conditions on the bulk system based on La–Fe–O, obtained by the SCS method. γ-Al2O3 improves the dispersion of CeFeO3 and LaFeO3 phases, the specific surface area, and the quantity of adsorbed H2 and CO2. This led to a significant increase in CO2 conversion for supported CeFeO3 but not for the La-based system compared to bulk and SiO2-supported perovskite catalysts. However, adding alumina increased the activity per mass for both Ce- and La-based perovskite systems, reducing the amount of rare-earth components in the catalyst and thereby lowering the cost without substantially compromising stability.
Technology Guided Management of Orbital Trauma: A Systematic Review
Authors: González Luis Vicente , López Juan Pablo , Orjuela María Paula , Díaz-Báez David 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of technology in the surgical field has been increasing; however, the literature that studies the combination of these techniques is still scarce.

Purpose
This systematic review aims to identify the combination of the different technological tools currently available for surgical reconstruction of the orbit after trauma injury and determine the most common treatment alternatives.

Methods
A search following PRISMA criterios was carried out of articles published between January 2015 and December 2019 in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Ovid databases. The Mesh terms were orbit fracture, orbit trauma, computer-assisted surgery, surgical navigation system, navigation surgery, endoscopic surgical procedure, endoscopy, endoscope support, and patient-specific implants. The inclusion criteria were orbital trauma, articles that described the combination of technological tools, cases, case series, retrospective studies, and randomized clinical trials. Pediatric trauma management studies were excluded. To determine methodological quality and risk of bias the Joanna Briggs Institute Verification List (JBI) was used. The results were collected and presented in tables for easy interpretation.

Results
Of the articles found, 12 were finally chosen. Most of the articles (8) were case series, 2 were case reports, 1 was quasi-experimental, and 1 was a randomized clinical trial. A total of 418 patients were reported in all studies, and the most widely used tool was virtual planning, reported in 11 articles (91.6%). Virtual surgical planning in combination with intraoperative navigation was adopted by 9 articles (75%), being the most used combination of technologies.

Conclusions
Integration of virtual surgical planning, intraoperative navigation, patient-specific implants, and endoscopic techniques will help to improve the results significantly in the initial management of the orbital trauma. However, it is recommended in future studies that the results be evaluated in the same way to obtain more homogeneous studies.
Investigating electrocatalytic properties of β12-borophene as a cathode material for an efficient lithium-oxygen battery: a first-principles study
Authors: Fwalo C. , Kochaev A. , Mapasha R. E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResponding to the pressing need to mitigate climate change effects due to fossil fuel consumption, there is a collective push to transition towards renewable and clean energy sources. However, the effectiveness of this move depends on an efficient energy storage system that surpasses current lithium-ion battery technology. The lithium-oxygen battery, having significantly high theoretical specific capacity compared to other systems, has emerged as a promising solution. However, the issues of poor cathode electrode conductivity and slow kinetics during discharge product formation have limited its practical applications. In this work, the first principles-based density functional theory was used to investigate the electrocatalytic properties of β12-borophene as a cathode electrode material for a high-performance lithium-oxygen battery. The adsorption energy, charge density distributions, Gibbs free energy changes, and diffusion energy barriers of lithium superoxide (LiO2) on β12-borophene were calculated. Our findings revealed several important insights: The adsorption energy was found to be − 3.70 eV, suggesting a strong tendency for the LiO2 to remain anchored to the material during the discharging process. The dynamics in the charge density distributions between LiO2 and the β12-borophene substrate exhibited complex behavior. The analysis of the Gibbs free energy changes of the reactions yielded an overpotential of − 1.87 V, this moderate value suggests spontaneous reactions during the formation of the discharge products. Most interestingly, the density of states and band structure analysis suggested the preservation of metallic properties and improved electrical conductivity of the material after the adsorption of LiO2. Additionally, β12-borophene has a relatively low diffusion energy barrier of 1.08 eV, implying effortless diffusion of the LiO2 and an increase in the rate of discharging process. Ultimately, the predicted electronic properties of β12-borophene, make it a strong candidate as a cathode electrode material for an efficient lithium-oxygen battery.
Dual Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on DCF and FCF for Temperature and Strain Measurement
Authors: Gao Ya , Jin Shu , Zuo Cheng , Yu Benli , Zhen Shenglai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a dual Mach-Zehnder interferometer for measuring both temperature and strain is proposed and verified by experiments. The sensor configuration involves cascading a four-core fiber and a double-clad fiber between two single-mode fibers. By exploiting the different responses of the two Mach-Zehnder interferometers to temperature and strain, we construct a matrix using two selected resonance dips from the transmission spectra, so that both temperature and strain can be measured simultaneously. The experimental results show the sensor’s remarkable performance, with the maximum temperature sensitivity of −94.2 pm/°C and the maximum strain sensitivity of 2.68 pm/µε. The maximum temperature error and strain error are found to be ±0.35 °C and ±4.8 µε, respectively. Compared with other optical fiber sensors, the sensor has high sensitivity, a simple structure, and ease to manufacture and implement, making it a structure choice for applications in quality inspection of materials.
Assessing the Impact of Catastrophic Electricity Loss on the Food Supply Chain
Authors: Blouin Simon , Herwix Alexander , Rivers Morgan , Tieman Ross J. , Denkenberger David C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe food supply chain’s heavy reliance on electricity poses significant vulnerabilities in the event of prolonged and widespread power disruptions. This study introduces a system-dynamics model that integrates five critical infrastructures—electric grid, liquid fossil fuels, Internet, transportation, and human workforce—to evaluate the resilience of food supply chains to major power outages. We validated the model using the 2019 Venezuelan blackouts as a case study, demonstrating its predictive validity. We then explored how more extreme electricity losses would disrupt the supply chain. More specifically, we modeled the impact of a large-scale cyberattack on the US electric grid and a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) event. A cyberattack severely damaging the US electric grid and allowing for recovery within a few weeks or months would lead to substantial drops in food consumption. However, it would likely still be possible to provide adequate calories to everyone, assuming that food is equitably distributed. In contrast, a year-long recovery from a HEMP event affecting most of the continental United States could precipitate a state of famine. Our analysis represents a first attempt at quantifying how food availability progressively worsens as power outages extend over time. Our open-source model is made publicly available, and we encourage its application to other catastrophic scenarios beyond those specifically considered in this work (for example, extreme solar storms, high-lethality pandemics).
Distractibility and Impulsivity in ADHD as an Evolutionary Mismatch of High Trait Curiosity
Authors: Le Cunff Anne-Laure 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by symptoms that include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Recent research suggests that individuals with ADHD might exhibit higher levels of curiosity, which may be linked to their tendencies toward distractibility and impulsivity. This paper proposes an evolutionary mismatch hypothesis for high trait curiosity in ADHD, positing that ‘hypercuriosity’, which may have been adaptive in ancestral environments characterized by scarce resources and unpredictable risks, has become mismatched in industrialized societies where environments are more stable and information rich. The theory predicts that individuals with ADHD will demonstrate heightened levels of novelty-seeking and exploratory behaviors, manifesting as symptoms labeled as distractibility and impulsivity in modern environments. The paper explores the potential evolutionary benefits of high trait curiosity, the consequences of an evolutionary mismatch, and the implications for research and practice. The limitations of the theory are addressed, such as the need for more targeted research on curiosity in ADHD and potential differences among ADHD subtypes. Future research directions are proposed to refine and test the hypothesis, ultimately contributing to a more nuanced understanding of ADHD and informing the development of strength-based interventions. This theoretical framework offers a novel perspective on the adaptive value of ADHD traits and their manifestation in modern societies.
Inhibiting Voltage Decay in Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode: From O3-Type to O2-Type Structural Design
Authors: Zhang Guohua , Wen Xiaohui , Gao Yuheng , Zhang Renyuan , Huang Yunhui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLi-rich layered oxide (LRLO) cathodes have been regarded as promising candidates for next-generation Li-ion batteries due to their exceptionally high energy density, which combines cationic and anionic redox activities. However, continuous voltage decay during cycling remains the primary obstacle for practical applications, which has yet to be fundamentally addressed. It is widely acknowledged that voltage decay originates from the irreversible migration of transition metal ions, which usually further exacerbates structural evolution and aggravates the irreversible oxygen redox reactions. Recently, constructing O2-type structure has been considered one of the most promising approaches for inhibiting voltage decay. In this review, the relationship between voltage decay and structural evolution is systematically elucidated. Strategies to suppress voltage decay are systematically summarized. Additionally, the design of O2-type structure and the corresponding mechanism of suppressing voltage decay are comprehensively discussed. Unfortunately, the reported O2-type LRLO cathodes still exhibit partially disordered structure with extended cycles. Herein, the factors that may cause the irreversible transition metal migrations in O2-type LRLO materials are also explored, while the perspectives and challenges for designing high-performance O2-type LRLO cathodes without voltage decay are proposed.
Process of SCR Catalyst Deactivation by Dimethylsiloxanes Present in Marine Fuels
Authors: Kolb Marit , Wesemann Lars , Eilts Peter , Fuhrländer Liliane , Wichmann Hubertus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there have been reports of the deactivation of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) exhaust gas catalysts after a short period of operation in marine applications. The trigger and the processes of this catalyst damage have now been investigated experimentally using a fuel burner test bench and various analysis techniques. It was found that organic silicon compounds (OSCs), which are present in marine fuels after use in mineral oil extraction and processing, cause the catalyst deactivation. In practice, these are predominantly dimethylsiloxanes. By the burner experiments, it was found that the OSCs were completely converted into combustion products, in particular SiO2. Measurements of particle size distributions and particle number concentrations up- and downstream of the catalyst showed that SiO2 particles < 20 nm in particular were retained in the catalyst. This filtration effect decreased until no further reduction was observed for particles > 50 nm. Other inorganic, particulate, SiO2-containing fuel impurities (catalyst fines) had no poisoning effect here, as these particles are mostly > 50 nm. The small particles formed a closed SiO2 layer with a thickness of approx. 5 µm on the catalyst surface which grew from the catalyst inlet to the outlet and blocked the catalyst as a diffusion barrier. As the SiO2 layer increased, the NO conversion rate decreased. The poisoning effects were observed experimentally at OSC concentrations of 5 to 60 mg Si kg−1 fuel. A field-aged catalyst that had been operated on board of a merchant ship revealed the same findings.
Unlocking the potential of underground hydrogen storage for clean energy solutions
Authors: Dodangoda Chatura , Ranjith P. G. , Haque A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis review paper provides a critical examination of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) as a viable solution for large-scale energy storage, surpassing 10 GWh capacities, and contrasts it with aboveground methods. It exploes into the challenges posed by hydrogen injection, such as the potential for hydrogen loss and alterations in the petrophysical and petrographic characteristics of rock structures, which could compromise the efficiency of UHS systems. Central to our analysis is a detailed overview of hydrogen solubility across various solvents, an extensive database of potential mineralogical reactions within underground storage environments, and their implications for hydrogen retention. We particularly focus on the effects of these reactions on the porosity of reservoir and cap rocks, the role of diffusion in hydrogen loss, and the consequences of multiphase flow induced by hydrogen injection. Our findings highlight the critical mineralogical reactions—specifically, goethite reduction and calcite dissolution—and their pronounced impact on increasing cap rock porosity. We underscore a notable discovery: hydrogen's solubility in non-aqueous phases is significantly higher than in aqueous phases, nearly an order of magnitude greater. The paper not only presents quantitative insights into the mechanisms of hydrogen loss but also pinpoints areas in need of further research to deepen our understanding of UHS dynamics. By identifying these research gaps, we aim to guide future studies towards enhancing the operational efficiency and safety of UHS facilities, thereby supporting the transition towards sustainable energy systems. This work is pivotal for industry stakeholders seeking to optimize UHS practices, ensuring both the effective utilization of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier and the advancement of global sustainable energy goals.
An improved three-dimensional extension of Hoek–Brown criterion for rocks
Authors: Xiao Junjie , Liu Jiacun , Xu Ying , Li Xing , Liu Ang , Xia Kaiwen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Hoek–Brown (H–B) criterion has found widespread application in numerous rock engineering projects. However, its efficacy is compromised by an underestimation of rock strength due to its neglect of the influence of the intermediate principal stress ($$\sigma_{2}$$

σ
2

). Experimental evidence underscores the significant impact of $$\sigma_{2}$$

σ
2

. Consequently, there exists an imperative to formulate a three-dimensional (3D) criterion. In this study, a new deviatoric function with two additional parameters ($$k$$
k
and $$A$$
A
) is developed firstly, which ensure compliance with the prerequisites of smoothness and convexity. In addition, the parameters $$k$$
k
and $$A$$
A
are bonded with the weakening effect of the Lode angle ($$\theta_{\sigma }$$

θ
σ

) and the strengthening effect of the mean stress ($$\sigma_{m}$$

σ
m

), respectively. Then a new 3D strength criterion for rocks is proposed by combining this new deviatoric function and the triaxial compression meridian function of the original H–B criterion. Four distinct sets of test data encompassing various rock types are employed to validate the proposed criterion. The results demonstrate that the proposed criterion adeptly captures the strength characteristics of the four rock types, providing a good depiction of failure surfaces within the 3D principal stress space. Comparative analyses involve the utilization of several existing 3D H–B criteria for strength predictions. The proposed criterion exhibits superior fitting performance for all the selected rocks.
Predictive ability of Achilles tendon elastography for frailty in older adults
Authors: Ceker Eda , Fadiloglu Ayse , Cataltepe Esra , Sendur Halit Nahit , Allahverdiyeva Seriyye , Varan Hacer Dogan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The Achilles tendon (AT) is the largest and strongest tendon in the human body, and its elasticity is known to be affected by the aging process. However, the relation between AT stiffness and frailty in older individuals remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the potential of Achilles tendon shear wave elastography (AT-SWE) as a tool for assessing physical frailty in older adults.

Methods
A total of 148 patients aged 65 years and over were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients with heart failure, AT injury, stroke history, active malignancy, and claudication were excluded. All patients underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Physical frailty assessment was performed with the fried frailty phenotype. Achilles tendon elastography was measured by ultrasound.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 73.8 years and 62.2% were female. 30.4% of the participants were defined as frail. Achilles tendon shear wave elastography measurements were statistically lower in the frail group (p < 0.05). In the multivariate regression analysis, AT-SWE demonstrated a statistically significant association with frailty independent of confounding factors (OR 0.982, 95% CI 0.965–0.999, p value = 0.038). In the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve for AT-SWE was 0.647 (95% CI, 0.564–0.724, p < 0.01) and the optimum cut-off point was 124.1 kilopascals.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the value of AT-SWE as a non-invasive and objective tool for predicting frailty in older adults.
Adaptive decomposition with guided filtering and Laplacian pyramid-based image fusion method for medical applications
Authors: Shukla Nirdesh , Sood Meenakshi , Kumar Amod , Choudhary Gaurav 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMedical image fusion enhances diagnostic precision and facilitates clinical decision-making by integrating information from multiple medical imaging modalities. However, this field is still challenging as the output integrated image, whether from spatial or transform domain algorithms, may suffer from drawbacks such as low contrast, blurring effect, noise, over smoothness, etc. Also, some existing novel works are restricted to specific image datasets. So, to address such issues, a new multi-modal medical image fusion approach based on the advantageous effects of multiple transforms has been introduced in the present work. For this, we use an adaptive image decomposition tool known as Hilbert vibration decomposition (HVD). HVD decomposes an image into different energy components, and after a proper decomposition of the source images, the desirable features of the decomposed components are then passed through a guided filter (GF) for edge preservation. Then, the Laplacian pyramid integrates these filtered parts using the choose max rule. Since HVD offers better spatial resolution and is independent of fixed cut-off frequencies like other transforms, the subjective outputs from this method for different publicly available medical image datasets are clear and better than the previously 20 state-of-the-art published results. Moreover, the obtained values of different objective evaluation metrics such as information entropy (IE): 7.6943, 5.9737, mean: 110.6453, 54.6346, standard deviation (SD): 85.5376, 61.8129, average gradient (AG): 109.2818, 64.6451, spatial frequency (SF): 0.1475, 0.1100, and edge metric (QHK/S): 0.5400, 0.6511 demonstrate its comparability to others. The algorithm's running period of just 0.161244 s also indicates high computational efficiency.