bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ytterbium as the Energy Regulator to Enhance the NIR‐IIb Luminescence of Er3+‐Rich Sub‐20 nm Nanocrystals for Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Wang Wang , Yang Jinqiu , Ma Bolin , Zhu Haoyu , Zhu Yaqi , Yi Yuexi , Li Xiaodan , Li Qiqing , Chen Haoran , Li Bin , Kong Xianggui , Chang Yulei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFluorescence/luminescence bioimaging, utilizing rare‐earth doped nanocrystals (RENCs) within the NIR‐IIb (1500–1700 nm) sub‐window, has drawn interest for its deep penetration depth and superior resolution. Herein, Er3+/Yb3+ couple is rationally designed in topologically arranged RENCs that facilitate a boosted 1530 nm emission of Er3+ via premeditated Yb3+‐mediated energy transfer processes under 808 nm excitation. To maximize this modulation effect for boosting 1530 nm emission, a regional active ions concentration and spatial regulation strategy is explored in the optimized concentration and core–shell–shell structure (NaErF4:20%Yb@NaYbF4:20%Er@NaYF4 with a quantum yield of 16.46% in NIR‐IIb region). Leveraging the superior emission and multi‐wavelength excitation characteristics of the as‐obtained nanocrystals, a NIR‐IIb‐based ratiometric fluorescence imaging measurement is achieved under 808 and 980 nm excitation, which cannot only show the 2D distribution of probes but also provide spatial depth information (range from 0 to 2.8 mm with a tissue depth resolution of 66 µm). The findings hold significant potential for advancing both vascular science and clinical medicine.
Six‐minute walk test as outcome measure of fatigability in adults with spinal muscular atrophy treated with nusinersen
Authors: Govoni Alessandra , Ricci Giulia , Bonanno Silvia , Bello Luca , Magri Francesca , Meneri Megi , Torri Francesca , Caponnetto Claudia , Passamano Luigia , Grandis Marina , Trojsi Francesca , Cerri Federica , Gadaleta Giulio , Capece Giuliana , Caumo Luca , Tanel Raffaella , Saccani Elena , Vacchiano Veria , Sorarù Gianni , D'Errico Eustachio , Tramacere Irene , Bortolani Sara , Rolle Enrica , Gellera Cinzia , Zanin Riccardo , Silvestrini Mauro , Politano Luisa , Schenone Angelo , Previtali Stefano Carlo , Berardinelli Angela , Turri Mara , Verriello Lorenzo , Coccia Michela , Mantegazza Renato , Liguori Rocco , Filosto Massimiliano , Maioli Maria Antonietta , Simone Isabella Laura , Mongini Tiziana , Corti Stefania , Manca Maria Laura , Pegoraro Elena , Siciliano Gabriele , Comi Giacomo Pietro , Maggi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsFatigue (subjective perception) and fatigability (objective motor performance worsening) are relevant aspects of disability in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The effect of nusinersen on fatigability in SMA patients has been investigated with conflicting results. We aimed to evaluate this in adult with SMA3.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study, including adult ambulant patients with SMA3, data available on 6‐minute walk test (6MWT) and Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale—Expanded (HFMSE) at baseline and at least at 6 months of treatment with nusinersen. We investigated fatigability, estimated as 10% or higher decrease in walked distance between the first and sixth minute of the 6MWT, at baseline and over the 14‐month follow‐up.ResultsForty‐eight patients (56% females) were included. The 6MWT improved after 6, 10, and 14 months of treatment (p < 0.05). Of the 27 patients who completed the entire follow‐up, 37% improved (6MWT distance increase ≥30 m), 48.2% remained stable, and 14.8% worsened (6MWT distance decline ≥30 m). Fatigability was found at baseline in 26/38 (68%) patients and confirmed at subsequent time points (p < 0.05) without any significant change over the treatment period. There was no correlation between fatigability and SMN2 copy number, sex, age at disease onset, age at baseline, nor with 6MWT total distance and baseline HFMSE score.DiscussionFatigability was detected at baseline in approximately 2/3 of SMA3 walker patients, without any correlation with clinical features, included motor performance. No effect on fatigability was observed during the 14‐month treatment period with nusinersen.
Generating microstructures of long fiber reinforced composites by the fused sequential addition and migration method
Authors: Lauff Celine , Schneider Matti , Montesano John , Böhlke Thomas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe introduce the fused sequential addition and migration (fSAM) algorithm for generating microstructures of fiber composites with long, flexible, nonoverlapping fibers and industrial volume fractions. The proposed algorithm is based on modeling the fibers as polygonal chains and enforcing, on the one hand, the nonoverlapping constraints by an optimization framework. The connectivity constraints, on the other hand, are treated via constrained mechanical systems of d'Alembert type. In case of straight, that is, nonflexible, fibers, the proposed algorithm reduces to the SAM (Comput. Mech., 59, 247–263, 2017) algorithm, a well‐established method for generating short fiber‐reinforced composites. We provide a detailed discussion of the equations governing the motion of a flexible fiber and discuss the efficient numerical treatment. We elaborate on the integration into an existing SAM code and explain the selection of the numerical parameters. To capture the fiber length distributions of long fiber reinforced composites, we sample the fiber lengths from the Gamma distribution and introduce a strategy to incorporate extremely long fibers. We study the microstructure generation capabilities of the proposed algorithm. The computational examples demonstrate the superiority of the novel microstructure‐generation technology over the state of the art, realizing large fiber aspect ratios (up to 2800) and high fiber volume fractions (up to for an aspect ratio of 150) for experimentally measured fiber orientation tensors.
Balance Error Scoring System in the assessment of chronic ankle stability: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zheng Shanshan , Xue Xiao'ao , Yu Le , Tao Weichu , Wang Ru , Sun Yang , Hua Yinghui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveChronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common musculoskeletal injury associated with static balance deficits. The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is commonly used to assess static balance in individuals with CAI. However, the sensitivity of BESS in detecting balance deficits in CAI is unknown. This study compared BESS performance between people with CAI and controls and investigated which stances most effectively identified balance deficits in individuals with CAI.Literature SurveySeven electronic databases (Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) were searched from July 13, 2023, to September 10, 2023, using the ankle instability and balance related terms as keywords to search original studies and perform a systematic review.MethodsStudies that compared BESS scores between individuals with CAI and healthy controls were systematically identified. Extracted data included study characteristics, participant demographics, and assessment details. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect sizes to compare groups for the BESS components used to assess CAI.ResultsSix studies met the eligibility criteria. The double‐leg foam stance yielded an SMD of −0.02 (95% CI: −0.32 to 0.29), with an I2 value of 3.5%. Significant differences between groups were noted in the single foam (SMD = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.33–1.45; I2 = 78.3%) and single firm (SMD = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.14–1.10; I2 = 72.1%) performances, although both demonstrated high heterogeneity. Conversely, the tandem foam (SMD = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.51–1.02; I2 = 0.0%) and tandem firm (SMD = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.11–0.68; I2 = 23.8%) performances showed small to moderate between‐group differences with considerably lower heterogeneity.ConclusionThis review indicates that tandem stances on foam and firm surfaces in the BESS are reliable indicators of static balance deficits in individuals with CAI.
Fabrication of emulsion‐templated open‐cell polymethacrylimide foam
Authors: You Yijing , Liu Qi , Li Zhiwei , Cai Ruiyun , Zhu Yun , Zhang Shengmiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, the emulsion‐templating technique is proposed to fabricate polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam for the first time. Different from those PMI foam reported in the literature, having a closed‐cell structure with submillimeter‐sized voids, the emulsion‐templated PMI foam has an obvious open‐cell structure with micrometer‐sized voids. The pore structure, density, and porosity of the PMI foam herein could be tuned by simply changing the internal phase volume fraction and/or the surfactant concentration of the emulsion template. The density of PMI foam is varied between 0.174 and 0.350 g·cm−3. The prepared PMI foam exhibited excellent mechanical properties, the compressive strength and compressive modulus ranged from 4.87 to 7.48 MPa and from 58.67 to 124.67 MPa, respectively, which are both much higher than the traditional closed‐cell PMI foams with similar density. The prepared PMI foam has excellent thermal resistance with its initial thermal decomposition temperature of 325°C in nitrogen and 253°C in air. The novel porous structure combined with its high strength and high heat resistance would expand the application of PMI foam.
Protein Network Alterations in G‐CSF Treated Severe Congenital Neutropenia Patients and Beneficial Effects of Oral Health Intervention
Authors: Bao Kai , Silbereisen Angelika , Grossmann Jonas , Nanni Paolo , Gehrig Peter , Emingil Gülnur , Erguz Merve , Karapinar Deniz Yilmaz , Pekpinarli Burç , Belibasakis Georgios N. , Tsilingaridis Georgios , Zaura Egija , Bostanci Nagihan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeSevere congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a raredisorder characterized by diminished neutrophil levels. Despite granulocytecolony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) treatment, SCN patients remain still prone tosevere infections, including periodontal disease—a significant oral healthrisk. This study investigates the host proteome and metaproteome in saliva andgingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of G‐CSF‐treated patients.Experimental DesignWe used label‐free quantitative proteomics on saliva and GCF samples from SCN patients before (n = 10, mean age: 10.7 ± 6.6 years) and after a 6‐month oral hygiene intervention (n = 9,mean age: 11.6 ± 5.27 years), and from 12 healthy controls.ResultsWe quantified 894 proteins in saliva (648 human,246 bacterial) and 756 proteins in GCF (493 human, 263 bacterial). Predominant bacterial genera included Streptococcus, Veillonella, Selenomonas, Corynebacterium, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella. SCN patients showed reduced antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and elevated complement proteins compared tohealthy controls. Oral hygiene intervention improved oral epithelial conditionsand reduced both AMPs and complement proteins.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceSCN patients have aunique proteomic profile with reduced AMPs and increased complement proteins, contributing to infection susceptibility. Oral hygiene intervention not onlyimproved oral health in SCN patients but also offers potential overall therapeuticbenefits.
Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the male medfly, Ceratitis capitata, to thymol and carvacrol ethers
Authors: Tabanca Nurhayat , Cloonan Kevin R , Nesterkina Mariia , Gill Micah A , Montgomery Wayne S , Kravchenko Iryna , Kendra Paul E 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is one of the most economically important insect pests attacking fruits and vegetables in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Semiochemical‐based pest management programs are being used to provide environmentally friendly control methods for medflies. The goals of the current study were to discover potential new, attractive, kairomones by designing, synthesizing, and testing simplified ethers of thymol and carvacrol along with their ether derivatives in short‐range attraction assays and electroantennogram (EAG) assays with male C. capitata. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first investigation of thymol and carvacrol, and their respective ethers for attractancy to C. capitata, a major agricultural pest worldwide.RESULTSIn short‐range attraction bioassays, parent compounds, thymol and carvacrol, along with their propyl, butyl, benzyl, and octyl ethers captured the most male C. capitata. The attraction patterns changed over time and captures were only significant if they were greater than the positive control tea tree oil (TTO) at 90 min. In EAG assays, thymol benzyl, octyl ethers, and carvacrol benzyl ether evoked significantly greater antennal responses than their parent compounds. The EAG responses did not correlate with short‐range male attraction. The aliphatic side chains of thymol and carvacrol had a small effect on the activity. Future studies will investigate the long‐range attraction of the ethers that elicited large EAG responses.CONCLUSIONThis report provides new information for discovering potential kairomones through synthesis and structure–activity studies for sterile male medflies. Thymol, carvacrol, and several of their ether derivatives displayed improved longevity of attraction compared with TTO (a strong medfly attractant), with significantly higher captures than TTO observed at 90 min in laboratory bioassays. Further chemical synthesis of thymol and carvacrol ethers within this series may lead to the development of ethers that are more attractive or persistent than their parent compounds, thymol and carvacrol. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Traditional matric potential thresholds underestimate soil moisture at field capacity across Oklahoma
Authors: Krueger Erik S. , Ochsner Tyson E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractField capacity is a dubious soil physical property, but its use continues because of its perceived value for representing a soil's capacity to store water. Appropriate field capacity estimates can be useful for interpreting data from soil moisture sensors, including those in large‐scale monitoring networks, but suitable methods for defining field capacity in this context are unclear. Motivated by the desire to determine optimal field capacity values for the Oklahoma Mesonet, our objectives were (1) to develop and apply an automated time series analysis algorithm to estimate volumetric soil water content at field capacity and corresponding matric potential and (2) to compare the resulting water contents to those calculated from traditional matric potential thresholds (−33 and −10 kPa). Across 118 Oklahoma Mesonet sites and three soil depths (5, 25, and 60 cm), a matric potential threshold of −10 kPa underestimated field capacity water content by 0.010–0.014 cm cm−3 (3–4%) on average, and a threshold of −33 kPa underestimated it for every site and depth by 0.055–0.078 cm cm−3 (16%−22%) on average. Median matric potentials corresponding to field capacity were −7.6 kPa at the 5‐cm depth, −7.2 kPa at the 25‐cm depth, and −7.3 kPa at the 60‐cm depth. The algorithm developed here can be used to estimate field capacity wherever adequate data are available, and for sites where soil water retention properties are known, matric potentials at field capacity can also be estimated. Using a matric potential of −33 kPa as a standard threshold to represent field capacity is not scientifically justified and should be discontinued.
Establishing a standard protocol for soil texture analysis using the laser diffraction technique
Authors: Scott Isis S. P. C. , Nouwakpo Kossi , Bjorneberg Dave , Rogers Christopher , Vitko Lauren 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOptical methods including laser diffraction have been increasingly used to measure soil texture and particle size distribution. However, they have not been adopted yet as a routine methodology mainly due to the difficulties in comparing their results to more commonly used techniques (i.e., sedimentation methods). Many attempts exist in the literature to find an agreement between methodologies with relative success. In this work, we aim to improve the agreement between methodologies by adjusting parameters of the laser diffraction analysis, including sample treatment (chemical dispersion, carbonate removal, and sand separation), mode of sample addition (subsampling vs. transmittance matching), and analysis parameters (time of sonication and refractive index). Soil texture class determined by laser diffraction agreed with the sieve–hydrometer method in 78% of the runs when the following parameters were used: (1) Refractive index of 1.44 ‐ 0.100i, (2) 180 s of sonication, (3) sand sieving prior to analysis, and (4) sample dispersion by shaking the sample for 1 h with 5% sodium hexametaphosphate. We observed that adding the entire sample to the analyzer (1 g of soil in 100 mL of dispersant) while keeping the appropriate levels of transmittance through dilution (transmittance matching) is a better way of sample addition in comparison to subsampling, especially for coarser soil samples. This work proposes a standard operation procedure that may broaden the adoption of laser diffraction analysis as a routine soil texture methodology.
Being a focused employee: Effects of job reattachment on cyberloafing
Authors: Liu Mengjun , Sun Yicong , Liu Tour , Qi Liya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCyberloafing, the use of the Internet for non‐work‐related activities while at work, has become a growing problem in the workplace. Since cyberloafing is commonly regarded as counterproductive, anticipating and controlling employees' cyberloafing behaviour is becoming increasingly important. Previous research suggests that individuals who engage in cyberloafing may have difficulties regulating their attention to important tasks. Based on self‐regulation theory, our study examines the influence of job reattachment on cyberloafing through the mediating role of mindfulness and the moderating role of goal commitment. Data for this study were collected in China through surveys conducted with 275 employees at three different time points. The results showed that: (1) job reattachment was significantly negatively associated with cyberloafing; (2) mindfulness mediated this relationship between job reattachment and cyberloafing; and (3) goal commitment moderated the direct effect of job reattachment on mindfulness as well as the indirect effect of job reattachment on cyberloafing through mindfulness. Overall, our research findings emphasize the importance of the impact of job reattachment on cyberloafing through mindfulness. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.
The Role of Luminescent Coupling in Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Nguyen Khoa , Fischer Oliver , Messmer Christoph , Zhu Yan , Nguyen Dang‐Thuan , Bui Anh Dinh , Hameiri Ziv , Schindler Florian , Schubert Martin C. , Shen Heping , Weber Klaus , Catchpole Kylie , Macdonald Daniel , Nguyen Hieu T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLuminescent coupling (LC) is a key phenomenon in monolithic tandem solar cells. This study presents a nondestructive technique to quantitatively evaluate the LC effect, addressing a gap in the existing predictions made by optical modeling. The method involves measuring the ratio of photons emitted from the high bandgap top cell that escape through the rear, contributing additional current to the bottom cell, and to those escaping from the front side of top cell. The findings indicate that in the analyzed monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, more than 85% of the emitted photons escaping from the perovskite top cell are used to generate additional current in the bottom cell. This process notably reduces the mismatch in the generated current between each subcell, particularly when the current is limited by the low bandgap subcell. The presented method is applicable to a variety of monolithic tandem structures, providing vital information for subcell characterization, providing vital information for predicting energy output and optimization for outdoor applications.
Regulating Local Electron Density of Cyano Sites in Graphitic Nitride Carbon by Giant Internal Electric Field for Efficient CO2 Photoreduction to Hydrocarbons
Authors: Gao Qiong , Qi Wenjie , Li Yuxin , Wei Yu , Wu Yongpeng , Liang Xiaoqian , Zhang Yuan , Hu Yuzhu , Wang Peng , Chen Qian , Chen Xianjie , Zhu Yongfa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSelective photocatalytic CO2 reduction to high‐value hydrocarbons using graphitic carbon nitride (g–C3N4) polymer holds great practical significance. Herein, the cyano‐functionalized g–C3N4 (CN–g–C3N4) with a high local electron density site is successfully constructed for selective CO2 photoreduction to CH4 and C2H4. Wherein the potent electron‐withdrawing cyano group induces a giant internal electric field in CN–g–C3N4, significantly boosting the directional migration of photogenerated electrons and concentrating them nearby. Thereby, a high local electron density site around its cyano group is created. Moreover, this structure can also effectively promote the adsorption and activation of CO2 while firmly anchoring *CO intermediates, facilitating their subsequent hydrogenation and coupling reactions. Consequently, using H2O as a reducing agent, CN–g–C3N4 achieves efficient and selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH4 and C2H4 activity, with maximum rates of 6.64 and 1.35 µmol g‐1 h‐1, respectively, 69.3 and 53.8 times higher than bulk g–C3N4 and g–C3N4 nanosheets. In short, this work illustrates the importance of constructing a reduction site with high local electron density for efficient and selective CO2 photoreduction to hydrocarbons.
Clinical utility of sarcopenia dynamics assessed by psoas muscle volume in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Kumamoto Tomotaka , Takamizawa Yasuyuki , Miyake Mototaka , Inoue Manabu , Moritani Konosuke , Tsukamoto Shunsuke , Eto Ken , Kanemitsu Yukihide 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia affects the postoperative prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, it has become possible to measure psoas volume from computed tomography images, and an index called psoas volume index (PVI) has been reported. However, it is unclear whether the dynamics of PVI before and after surgery is associated with clinical outcomes after CRC surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the association between pre‐ and postoperative PVI dynamics and clinical outcomes after CRC surgery.MethodsThis study analyzed 1115 patients diagnosed with primary CRC and operated on for treatment between January 2014 and December 2017. Sarcopenia was defined as PVI below the lowest tertile in the preoperative assessment for each sex. The overall population was divided into four groups according to the dynamics of sarcopenia from preoperative to postoperative: group 1 (pre‐to postoperative sarcopenia), group 2 (preoperative nonsarcopenia to postoperative sarcopenia), group 3 (pre‐to postoperative nonsarcopenia), and group 4 (pre‐to postoperative nonsarcopenia).ResultsBased on pre‐ and postoperative sarcopenia dynamics, 343 patients (29.7%) were classified into group 1, 105 patients (9.1%) into group 2, 42 patients (3.6%) into group 3, and 665 patients (57.6%) into group 4. Comparison of overall survival (OS) by the Kaplan–Meier method showed that Group 2 tended to have the worst prognosis (p = 0.007). Multivariate analysis showed an increased OS risk in Group 2 in sarcopenia dynamics (Hazard ratio: 2.103, 95% CI: 1.202–3.681, p = 0.009).ConclusionsSarcopenia dynamics using PVI is an independent prognostic predictor of OS in patients with CRC.