bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural and Cognitive Predictors of Academic Motivation Among Mexican American Adolescents: Caution Against Discounting the Impact of Cultural Processes
Authors: Piña‐Watson Brandy , López Belem , Ojeda Lizette , Rodriguez Kimberly M. 
Published: April 2015

This study examined the role of cognitive (i.e., grit, hope, and academic skepticism) and cultural variables (i.e., generational status, familismo, ethnic identity, and bicultural stress) on academic motivation among 181 Mexican American adolescents. Results indicated that hope, grit, and familismo positively predicted academic motivation. Conversely, academic skepticism and bicultural stress negatively predicted academic motivation. This study demonstrates that culture is important to consider above and beyond cognitive variables. Implications for practice and research are discussed.Este estudio examinó la influencia que ejercen las variables cognitivas (determinación, esperanza y escepticismo académico) y culturales (estatus generacional, familismo, identidad étnica y estrés bicultural) sobre la motivación académica en 181 adolescentes mexicano‐americanos. Los resultados indicaron que la esperanza, la determinación y el familismo pronosticaron positivamente la motivación académica. Y a la inversa, el escepticismo académico y el estrés bicultural pronosticaron negativamente la motivación académica. Este estudio demuestra que es importante considerar la cultura además de las variables cognitivas. Se discuten las implicaciones para la práctica y la investigación.
“They're Not Keeping a Journal of Feelings”
Authors: Kohnen Angela M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCareer and Technical Education (CTE) centers offer an opportunity for students to engage in authentic reading and writing activities. In many states, “embedding” English and math credits (i.e., allowing students to earn traditional core subject credits in the context of their CTE programs) has become a popular trend. This article reports on one rural CTE center's attempt to embed English credit. While some teachers struggled against a contrived set of assignments and expectations, others found meaningful ways to use reading and writing in their classrooms. The successes of a welding instructor and a construction instructor are described, with the teachers’ philosophy of education and ability to see a role for writing within that philosophy being key. Rather than viewing writing as detracting from their overall program goals, these teachers had a vision for writing as a route to disciplinary expertise.
Computational Modelling of Dapsone Interaction With Dihydropteroate Synthase in Mycobacterium leprae; Insights Into Molecular Basis of Dapsone Resistance in Leprosy
Authors: Chaitanya Sundeep , Das Madhusmita , Bhat Pritesh , Ebenezer Mannam 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe molecular basis for determination of resistance to anti‐leprosy drugs is the presence of point mutations within the genes of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) that encode active drug targets. The downstream structural and functional implications of these point mutations on drug targets were scarcely studied. In this study, we utilized computational tools to develop native and mutant protein models for 5 point mutations at codon positions 53 and 55 in 6‐hydroxymethyl‐7, 8‐dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) of M. leprae, an active target for dapsone encoded by folp1 gene, that confer resistance to dapsone. Molecular docking was performed to identify variations in dapsone interaction with mutant DHPS in terms of hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and energy changes. Schrodinger Suite 2014‐3 was used to build homology models and in performing molecular docking. An increase in volume of the binding cavities of mutant structures was noted when compared to native form indicating a weakening in interaction (60.7 Å3 in native vs. 233.6 Å3 in Thr53Ala, 659.9 Å3 in Thr53Ile, 400 Å3 for Thr53Val, 385 Å3 for Pro55Arg, and 210 Å3 for Pro55Leu). This was also reflected by changes in hydrogen bonds and decrease in hydrophobic interactions in the mutant models. The total binding energy (ΔG) decreased significantly in mutant forms when compared to the native form (−51.92 Kcal/mol for native vs. −35.64, −35.24, −46.47, −47.69, and −41.36 Kcal/mol for mutations Thr53Ala, Thr53Ile, Thr53Val, Pro55Arg, and Pro55Leu, respectively. In brief, this analysis provided structural and mechanistic insights to the degree of dapsone resistance contributed by each of these DHPS mutants in leprosy. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2293–2303, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Race/Ethnicity and Treatment Outcome in a Randomized Controlled Trial for Trichotillomania (Hair‐Pulling Disorder)
Authors: Falkenstein Martha J. , Rogers Kate , Malloy Elizabeth J. , Haaga David A. F. 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveTreatment outcome was compared among non‐Hispanic White and racial/ethnic minority participants with trichotillomania (TTM), or hair‐pulling disorder.MethodSymptom severity, quality of life, and TTM‐related disability were compared in a behavior therapy trial with a stepped care approach: web‐based self‐help and then individual behavior therapy. The sample comprised 72% (n = 38) non‐Hispanic White participants and 28% (n = 15) minority participants.ResultsThe ethnic groups responded differently to treatment, with fewer minority participants showing improvement during web‐based self‐help. Response rates were equivalent between ethnic groups during the in‐person behavior therapy. These results should be interpreted with caution because of the small sample size of minorities in the study and consequent inability to analyze results for each racial/ethnic group individually.ConclusionsFuture studies should focus on the investigation of factors that may enable or hinder racial and ethnic minority participants to benefit from online and/or self‐help behavior therapy for TTM.
Rapid in vivo multicomponent T2 mapping of human knee menisci
Authors: Liu Fang , Samsonov Alexey , Wilson John J. , Blankenbaker Donna G. , Block Walter F. , Kijowski Richard 
Published: April 2015

PurposeTo compare multicomponent T2 parameters of menisci measured using Multicomponent Driven Equilibrium Single Pulse Observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT) in asymptomatic volunteers and osteoarthritis (OA) patients with intact and torn menisci.Materials and MethodsThe prospective study was performed with Institutional Review Board approval and with all subjects signing written informed consent. mcDESPOT was performed on the knee joint of 12 asymptomatic volunteers and 14 patients with knee OA. Single‐component T2 relaxation time (T2Single), T2 relaxation time of the fast relaxing water component (T2F), and the slow relaxing water component (T2S), and fraction of the fast relaxing water component (FF) of the medial and lateral menisci were measured. Multivariate linear regression models were used to compare mcDESPOT parameters between normal menisci in asymptomatic volunteers, intact menisci in OA patients, and torn menisci in OA patients with adjustment for differences in age between subjects.ResultsThe mean mcDESPOT parameters for normal menisci in asymptomatic volunteers, intact menisci in OA patients, and torn menisci in OA patients were respectively 16.1 msec, 18.8 msec, and 22.7 msec for T2Single; 9.0 msec, 10.0 msec, and 11.1 msec for T2F; 24.4 msec, 27.7 msec, and 31.4 msec for T2S; and 34%, 32%, 27% for FF. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in T2Single, T2F, T2S, and FF between the three groups of menisci.ConclusionThe menisci of OA patients had significantly higher T2Single, T2F, and T2S and significantly lower FF than normal menisci in asymptomatic volunteers with greater changes in multicomponent T2 parameters noted in torn than intact menisci in OA patients. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:1321–1328.
NDVI‐indicated long‐term vegetation dynamics in Mongolia and their response to climate change at biome scale
Authors: Bao Gang , Bao Yuhai , Sanjjava Amarjargal , Qin Zhihao , Zhou Yi , Xu Guang 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTBased on the vegetation map of Mongolia, Global Inventory Monitoring and Modelling Studies (GIMMS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (1982–2006), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NDVI (2000–2010), and temperature and precipitation data derived from 60 meteorological stations, this study has thoroughly examined vegetation dynamics in Mongolia and their responses to regional climate change at biome scale. To ensure continuity and consistency between the two NDVI datasets, the MODIS NDVI was first calibrated to the GIMMS NDVI based on the overlapping period of 2000–2006. Good calibration results with R2 values of 0.86–0.98 between the two NDVI datasets were obtained and can detect subtle trends in the long‐term vegetation dynamics of Mongolia. The results indicated that for various biomes, although NDVI changes during 1982–2010 showed great variation, vegetation greening for all biomes in Mongolia seem to have stalled or even decreased since 1991–1994, particularly for meadow steppe (0.0015 year−1), typical steppe (−0.0010 year−1), and desert steppe (−0.0008 year−1), which is an apparent turning point (TP) of the vegetation growth trend in Mongolia. A pronounced drying trend (from −4.399 mm year−1 in meadow steppe since 1990 to −2.445 mm year−1 in alpine steppe since 1993) occurred between 1990 and 1994, and persistently warming temperatures (0.015 °C year−1 in alpine steppe to 0.070 °C year−1 in forest and meadow steppe) until recently have likely played a major role in this NDVI trend reversal. However, the NDVI TP varied by biome, month, and climate and was not coupled exactly with climatic variables. The impact on climate of both same‐time and lagged‐time temperature and precipitation effects also varied strongly across biomes and months. On the whole, climate‐related vegetation decline and associated potential desertification trends will likely be among the major sources of ecological pressure for each biome in Mongolia, which could intensify environmental problems like sandstorms in other East Asian regions.
Melatonin alleviates cold‐induced oxidative damage in maize seedlings by up‐regulating mineral elements and enhancing antioxidant activity
Authors: Turk Hulya , Erdal Serkan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMelatonin, known as an animal hormone and an antioxidant with a low molecular weight, is one of the most commonly used substances to improve plant resistance against various environmental stresses. However, there are no studies explaining the effects of melatonin on the relationship between defense system and mineral composition of plants under stressed and unstressed‐conditions. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the mitigating effect of melatonin is associated with its modulating influence on the mineral elements of cold‐stressed maize seedlings. The seedlings were treated with melatonin (1 mM) and cold stress (10/7°C) for 3 d separately and in combination. After 3 d, the seedlings were harvested to determine several physiological, biochemical, and molecular parameters. Melatonin application effectively mitigated the damages from cold stress, as demonstrated by higher relative water concentration, chlorophyll concentration and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase), as well as lower superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde concentrations. Similarly, melatonin significantly ameliorated cold‐induced reductions in the concentrations of potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, and zinc. Besides, it further increased calcium and boron concentrations compared to cold stress alone. Our results reveal that melatonin has an important modulating influence on the mineral element composition of plants and mitigates cold stress through up‐regulation of these elements and simultaneously enhanced antioxidant activity.
Projected future distribution of date palm and its potential use in alleviating micronutrient deficiency
Authors: Shabani Farzin , Kumar Lalit , Nojoumian Amir Hadi , Esmaeili Atefeh , Toghyani Mehdi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicronutrient deficiency develops when nutrient intake does not match nutritional requirements for maintaining healthy tissue and organ functions which may have long‐ranging effects on health, learning ability and productivity. Inadequacy of iron, zinc and vitamin A are the most important micronutrient deficiencies. Consumption of a 100 g portion of date flesh from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) has been reported to meet approximately half the daily dietary recommended intake of these micronutrients. This study investigated the potential distribution of P. dactylifera under future climates to address its potential long‐term use as a food commodity to tackle micronutrient deficiencies in some developing countries.RESULTSModelling outputs indicated large shifts in areas conducive to date palm cultivation, based on global‐scale alteration over the next 60 years. Most of the regions suffering from micronutrient deficiencies were projected to become highly conducive for date palm cultivation.CONCLUSIONSThese results could inform strategic planning by government and agricultural organizations by identifying areas to cultivate this nutritionally important crop in the future to support the alleviation of micronutrient deficiencies. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Military Sexual Assault, Gender, and PTSD Treatment Outcomes of U.S. Veterans
Authors: Tiet Quyen Q. , Leyva Yani E. , Blau Kathy , Turchik Jessica A. , Rosen Craig S. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis study examined whether gender and military sexual assault (MSA) were associated with psychiatric severity differences at initiation of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and whether MSA and gender predicted psychiatric treatment outcomes. Male (n= 726) and female (n= 111) patients were recruited from 7 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) PTSD specialty intensive treatment programs and completed an intake survey; 69% (n= 574) of the participants completed a 4‐month postdischarge follow‐up survey. Measures included current PTSD and depressive symptoms, aggressive/violent behaviors, alcohol and drug use severity, and quality of life. Multilevel multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine the main and interaction effects of gender and MSA on psychiatric treatment outcomes at 4‐month follow‐up, including demographics, baseline severity, hostile fire, and treatment length of stay. Baseline PTSD severity did not differ by gender or MSA status, but women had more severe depressive symptoms (d= 0.40) and less aggressive/violent symptoms (d= −0.46) than men. Gender, MSA status, and the interaction between gender and MSA did not predict treatment outcomes as hypothesized. Male and female veterans with and without MSA responded equally well to treatment in VA PTSD intensive treatment programs.
Should invertebrates receive greater inclusion in wildlife research journals?
Authors: Grodsky Steven M. , Iglay Raymond B. , Sorenson Clyde E. , Moorman Christopher E. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTInvertebrates are among the most diverse organisms on Earth, significantly contribute to ecosystem function and integrity, and possess high potential as bioindicators. By definition, invertebrates also are wildlife. Yet, inclusion of invertebrates in peer‐reviewed wildlife journals has not been investigated. As such, our objective was to assess inclusion of invertebrates in prominent wildlife journals published in the last decade. Based on our review and first‐hand experience, we also aimed to provide recommendations for integration of invertebrates into wildlife science, education, and peer‐reviewed literature. We performed a systematic literature review by manually searching all issues and articles from 2003–2013 of the following journals: European Journal of Wildlife Research, Journal of Wildlife Management, South African Journal of Wildlife Research, Wildlife Biology, Wildlife Research, and Wildlife Society Bulletin. We analyzed data derived from our review to elucidate trends in the inclusion of invertebrates in these journals. We identified 4,916 articles that involved animal taxa, of which 122 (2.5%) included invertebrates and <1% included invertebrates as focal taxa. Our results indicated invertebrates are included in a minute portion of articles in top wildlife journals. We recommend a paradigm shift to a less taxonomically homogenized and vertebrate‐centric approach to wildlife science and education, integrating invertebrates into wildlife studies, and publishing results of those studies in wildlife journals to facilitate effective management of all wildlife species. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Seam Guided Laser Remote Welding with Automated Gap Bridging
Authors: Fixemer Peter , Albert Florian , Sievi Pravin , Graham Tom 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDue to high productivity and potential for cycle time reduction, Laser Remote Welding is gaining more and more attention particularly in automotive manufacturing and its tiered supply base. In a typical industrial setup, component tolerances are a major challenge to the usage of laser remote technology. The difference between programmed beam position and the actual component location can only be compensated by complex and thus costly design measures. In addition, a changing gap situation makes it difficult to choose suitable process parameters to reach a bridged weld seam. The presented approach for a laser remote welding system not only detects the correct component location, but furthermore measures the actual gap real time during the process and adapts process parameters according to a process model. The focus will be for fillet type welds of aluminum and steel alloys and their model based parameters.
Inhibition of MDM2 by RG7388 confers hypersensitivity to X‐radiation in xenograft models of childhood sarcoma
Authors: Phelps Doris , Bondra Kathryn , Seum Star , Chronowski Christopher , Leasure Justin , Kurmasheva Raushan T. , Middleton Steven , Wang Dian , Mo Xiaokui , Houghton Peter J. 
Published: April 2015

BackgroundCurative therapy for childhood sarcoma presents challenges when complete resection is not possible. Ionizing radiation (XRT) is used as a standard modality at diagnosis or recurrence for childhood sarcoma; however, local recurrence is still problematic. Most childhood sarcomas are TP53 wild type at diagnosis, although approximately 5–10% have MDM2 amplification or overexpression.ProceduresThe MDM2 inhibitor, RG7388, was examined alone or in combination with XRT (20Gy given in 2 Gy daily fractions) to immune‐deficient mice bearing Rh18 (embryonal) or a total of 30 Gy in 2 Gy fractions to mice bearing Rh30 (alveolar) rhabdomyosarcoma xenografts. RG7388 was administered by oral gavage using two schedules (daily ×5; schedule 1 or once weekly; schedule 2). TP53‐responsive gene products (p21, PUMA, DDB2, and MIC1) as well as markers of apoptosis were analyzed.ResultsRG7388 showed no significant single agent antitumor activity. Twenty Grays XRT induced complete regressions (CR) of Rh18 with 100 percent tumor regrowth by week 7, but no tumor regrowth at 20 weeks when combined with RG7388. RG7388 enhanced time to recurrence combined with XRT in Rh30 xenografts compared to 30 Gy XRT alone. RG7388 did not enhance XRT‐induced local skin toxicity. Combination treatments induced TP53 responsive genes more rapidly and to a greater magnitude than single agent treatments.ConclusionsRG7388 enhanced the activity of XRT in both rhabdomyosarcoma models without increasing local XRT‐induced skin toxicity. Changes in TP53‐responsive genes were consistent with the synergistic activity of RG7388 and XRT in the Rh18 model. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1345–1352. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impaired exercise capacity and left ventricular function in long‐term adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Christiansen Jon R. , Kanellopoulos Adriani , Lund May B. , Massey Richard , Dalen Håvard , Kiserud Cecilie E. , Ruud Ellen , Aakhus Svend 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundSurvivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are at risk for late cardiotoxic effects of cancer treatment, but conflicting evidence exists on the effects of anthracyclines on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function and exercise capacity.ProcedureWe performed a cross‐sectional study with comprehensive echocardiography in 138 adult survivors of childhood ALL, median 23.4 years after diagnosis. Pulsed tissue Doppler measurements of early diastolic mitral annular velocities (e’) were used for the assessment of diastolic function, and compared to 138 matched controls. Of the survivors, 133 also performed ergospirometry measuring peak oxygen uptake (VO2max). Associations between cancer treatment, LV function, and VO2max were analyzed.ResultsThe survivor group had lower e’ values than controls (e’ septal 11.0 vs. 12.6 cm/s, P < 0.001), but the difference was confined to the subgroup of anthracycline treated survivors (median cumulative dose 120 mg/m2). Anthracycline exposure was inversely correlated with e’ (regression coefficient −1.581, P = 0.009). Reduced VO2max/kg occurred in 47% of the survivors, but more often in anthracycline treated survivors (56%) than anthracycline naïve survivors (17%, P < 0.001). Anthracycline exposure was inversely correlated with VO2max/kg (regression coefficient −3.084, P = 0.05 in multivariate analysis). Furthermore, associations were observed between measures of LV function and VO2max/kg, and e’ was the best predictor of VO2max/kg (standardized coefficient 0.355, P < 0.001 in multivariate analysis).ConclusionsAdult survivors of childhood ALL have increased risk for impaired LV diastolic function and impaired exercise capacity, both associated with previous anthracycline exposure. Furthermore, there is an association between LV diastolic function and exercise capacity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1437–1443. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of a quadripolymer with low molecular weight as a water based drilling fluid viscosity reducer at high temperature (245 °C)
Authors: Huang Weian , Zhao Cong , Qiu Zhengsong , Leong Yee‐Kwong , Zhong Hanyi , Cao Jie 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTo construct an ultra‐high temperature stable drilling mud with a relatively low viscosity, a new viscosity‐reducing additive was synthesized and evaluated. This additive is a quadripolymer of acrylic acid (AA), 2‐acryl‐amido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), methyl acrylate (MA) and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DDAC) with low molecular weight synthesized by free radical polymerization, and its general molecular composition was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal gravimetric analysis showed that the polymer has a very high temperature tolerance, i.e. it is stable up to 340 °C. Turbidity measurements with a UV−visible spectrophotometer showed that the polymer has a high salt tolerance in solution. It remained in solution at NaCl concentrations of up to 266 958 mg L−1 and at CaCl2 concentrations of up to 5000 mg L−1. The quadripolymer was found to inhibit hydration of the exchangeable ions in the clay particles and this was affirmed by a reduction in interlayer spacing. It also displayed high adsorption on calcium montmorillonite at different pH and even in the presence of NaCl, and caused the breakup of the particle network structure. This additive, when added to drilling mud prepared in both fresh and salt water, was found to reduce the mud viscosity and yield stress before and after aging for 16 h at 245 °C compared to base mud especially below 220 °C and 4.5 MPa. Importantly, this additive in mud was found to perform effectively at a relatively high pH and in a broad pH range of 7–11. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry