bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General Analysis of Covert Communication via InformationConcealment in Images
Authors: Hoang Tuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Steganography is a technique used to hide the presence of data in digital environments. This article provides in-depth analysis of modern information hiding methods, evaluating their effectiveness through experimental measurements and specific criteria. We explore the robustness and security of various steganography techniques, including digital watermarking and cryptographic methods, to identify the most suitable systems for enhancing steganography. We delve into historical and modern practices, compare spatial and transform domain techniques, and examine the potential of End-of-File (EOF) and Spread Spectrum methods. Additionally, we evaluate and improve the effectiveness of Chi-Square analysis in detecting least significant bit (LSB) modifications. This study highlights the importance of steganography in protecting digital information, highlighting its applications in secure communications, media authentication, and forensic investigation. The study concludes by evaluating cryptanalysis techniques and the impact of symmetric and asymmetric encryption on the effectiveness of steganography.
Synthesis of selective BCL-XL PROTAC and potent antitumor activity in glioblastoma
Authors: Yin Jinlong , Sun Biao , Liu Meichen , Zhang Yue , Niu Rui , Li Xinyu , Wang Jiefei , Shi Bingyang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive and treatment-resistant form of brain cancer, is significantly influenced by GBM stem cells (GSCs), which contribute to tumor initiation and recurrence. In this study, we introduce two novel proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), AN-1 and AN-2, engineered to degrade BCL-XL, a critical anti-apoptotic protein in the BCL-2 family. These PROTACs are optimized from ABT-263 and uniquely utilize MDM2 as an E3 ligase, a strategy not previously employed in GBM therapy. Our approach leverages the high expression of MDM2 in GSCs versus its low expression in platelets, enhancing therapeutic specificity and reducing the risk of thrombocytopenia—a major side effect of direct BCL-XL inhibition. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that AN-1 and AN-2 effectively inhibit GSC proliferation, promote apoptosis, and substantially improve survival rates without inducing thrombocytopenia. This work not only highlights the potential of targeting underutilized E3 ligases for cancer therapy but also suggests a highly selective approach for treating GBM that might overcome the current limitations of existing therapies.
Clinical of autonomic dysfunction in children with anti-N-methyl-D aspartic receptor encephalitis
Authors: Li Dongqing , Sun Jing , Li Guannan , Miao Shuo , Yang Jian , zhang jianzhao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic receptor encephalitis (Anti-NMDAR encephalitis) is the most prevalent form of autoimmune encephalitis in pediatric patients. Autonomic dysfunction is a frequent symptom of Anti-NMDAR encephalitis, yet it often goes unnoticed by pediatricians. Studies have indicated that pediatric patients with autonomic dysfunction exhibit a poorer prognosis compared to those without. To date, research on autonomic dysfunction in encephalitis has predominantly focused on adults, with no studies conducted on pediatric populations. This analysis examines the clinical features of pediatric patients with Anti-NMDAR encephalitis complicated by autonomic dysfunction.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with Anti-NMDAR encephalitis at the Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, from June 2017 to June 2023. Patients were categorized based on the presence or absence of autonomic dysfunction during their illness. We summarized and compared the clinical features of children with autonomic dysfunction and analyzed the risk factors for its development in pediatric Anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients.
Results
A total of 56 children were included in this study. Twenty-two (39.3%) exhibited autonomic nervous dysfunction. The most prevalent symptom of autonomic dysfunction was arrhythmia (19/56, 33.9%), with the specific manifestations being sinus tachycardia (8 cases), ventricular premature beats (2 cases), atrioventricular block (2 cases), atrial premature beats (3 cases), and sinus bradycardia (4 cases). Other symptoms included increased salivation (16/56, 28.6%), central hypopnea (3/56, 5.4%), central fever (3/56, 5.4%), hyperhidrosis (3/56, 5.4%), urinary retention (2/56, 3.6%), hypertension (1/56, 1.8%), and cardiac arrest (1/56, 1.8%). Compared to the group without autonomic dysfunction, the group with dysfunction showed significantly higher rates of prodrome infection, tumor complications (all ovarian teratoma), consciousness disturbance, elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, initiation of second-line and long-term immunotherapy, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization costs (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Among pediatric patients with Anti-NMDAR encephalitis, arrhythmia is the most common form of autonomic dysfunction. Those with autonomic dysfunction have a worse prognosis and longer hospital stays. Active initiation of second-line and long-term immunotherapy is recommended.
Micro Land Price and Carbon Emission Intensity
Authors: Guo Lin , Jiang Zeqing , Yuan Xiaoping , Jing Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the effects and probable mechanisms of micro land price on firm carbon emission intensity in the context of the current globally green and low-carbon transition. Theoretical and empirical research reveal that rising firm land price significantly increase carbon emission intensity across two channels: the financing constraint and the innovation performance. Furthermore, the impact of land price is greater for firms from the central and western regions, high environmental regulation regions, non-state-owned firms, and firms that acquired land through bid invitation, auction and listing. This paper introduces the micro land factor perspective into the field of low carbon development for the first time, providing evidence from developing countries for reducing carbon emission intensity.
JEL：A14; B21; C51; D21
Low cost preventive measures can effectively mitigated microplastics release from scientific research facilities in Antarctica
Authors: Jain Aanchal , Hughes Kevin A. , Manno Clara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Microplastics release in Antarctica are becoming a concerning issue, despite of the limited human presence. This study estimates the annual release of primary microplastics from scientific facilities and analyse the policy interventions to efficiently target this pollution. The study has estimated an amount of 238kg per year, which is negligible on a continental scale but could have significant local environmental impacts. A comprehensive cost-efficiency analysis demonstrates that microplastics release can be effectively mitigated through low-cost preventive measures, such as installing washing machine filters and banning hygiene products containing microbeads. Furthermore, the implementation of wastewater treatment systems is suggested as a crucial and long-term cost-effective solution for treating wastewater effluent and removing other pollutants from the Antarctic region. These results provide a framework to inform policy decisions on microplastics release in Antarctica and lay the foundation for improved environmental protection strategies in this sensitive region.
Impact of Applied Pressure on the Mechanical, Opto-Electronic, and Thermoelectric Properties of Lead-Free Germanium-Based Perovskites InGeX3 (X = Cl or Br) for High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Hasan MD Ratul , Apon Imtiaz , Islam Md. Mafidul , Haque Md. Salman 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Lead halide perovskites possess notable physiochemical characteristics and exhibit high-power conversion efficiencies. However, their commercial feasibility could be improved by stability and toxicity issues. Therefore, there is growing interest in developing stable lead-free alternatives that provide similar optical and electrical features. Perovskite solar cells that are free of lead frequently demonstrate reduced power conversion efficiency. Applying hydrostatic pressure to these compounds is used to alter their physical properties by improving their performance and uncovering important connections between their structure and attributes. This study utilizes Density Functional Theory (DFT) to examine the structural, electrical, optical, and elastic characteristics of non-toxic InGeCl3 and InGeBr3 halide perovskite compounds at different hydrostatic pressures, ranging from 0 to 8 GPa. The derived structural parameters closely correspond to those reported in prior investigations, hence confirming the veracity of the current findings. When subjected to pressure, the bonds between In-X and Ge-X atoms experience a decrease in length and become stronger. Electronic property assessments indicate that both compounds exhibit characteristics of direct band-gap semiconductors. As pressure increases, the band gap decreases in a straight line, moving towards a metallic state. Additionally, the pressure causes the electrical density of states around the Fermi level to increase by pushing valence band electrons upwards. The dielectric constant, absorption, and reflectivity values exhibit a progressive rise as pressure increases, while the absorption spectra move towards longer wavelengths. The results indicate that InGeCl3 and InGeBr3 compounds have enhanced utility for optoelectronic applications when subjected to pressure. Furthermore, the examination of the mechanical characteristics indicates that all InGeX₃ compounds exhibit mechanical stability when pressure increases. This implies that these compounds can be adjusted and utilized more effectively in optoelectronic devices and photovoltaic cells.
An atom-by-atom view of a photochemical ring opening reaction
Authors: Rolles Daniel , Wang Enliang , Bhattacharyya Surjendu , Chen Keyu , Borne Kurtis , Ziaee Farzaneh , Pathak Shashank , Lam Huynh , Venkatachalam Anbu , Chen Xiangjun , Boll Rebecca , Jahnke Till , Rudenko Artem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Photoinduced transformations of organic ring molecules play a crucial role in numerous physical, chemical and biological processes, ranging from biosynthesis of vitamin D to optical switching in molecular electronics. Although the development of a plethora of ultrafast techniques such as time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, ultrafast electron and x-ray diffraction and transient x-ray absorption has recently enabled detailed investigations of the electronic and nuclear dynamics in several ring conversion reactions, direct and unambiguous imaging of the nuclear motion, especially during the first 100 fs of a reaction, is still a major challenge. As a consequence, the reaction mechanisms often remain controversial even for extensively studied prototypical systems. Here we show how time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging can be used to directly map the molecular ring rearrangement upon ultraviolet excitation of gas-phase furan, a reaction for which widely contradicting predictions and observations have been reported. By directly imaging the motion of the individual atoms of the carbon backbone of the molecule upon excitation at 198 nm, we reveal the presence of a strong ring-opening pathway that is completed in less than 70 fs. With the development of higher repetition rate lasers, we anticipate that our approach will enable atom-by-atom mapping of a broad range of ultrafast photochemical reactions.
Outlier Detection in IoT using Trained Autoencoder and Contrastive Loss
Authors: Nikougoftar Elaheh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Outlier detection in the Internet of Things (IoT) is crucial for ensuring the reliability and security of interconnected devices. This paper presents a novel approach for unsupervised outlier detection using Autoencoder-based models with Contrastive Loss. The method leverages the representation learning capability of autoencoders and the discriminative power of contrastive learning to effectively distinguish between normal and anomalous data points. The training procedure involves optimizing the encoder and decoder to minimize the total loss, which is a combination of reconstruction loss and contrastive loss. A detailed algorithm for determining the threshold for outlier detection based on statistical analysis of reconstruction errors is also proposed. Experimental results using the Statlog dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in identifying outliers, with performance evaluated using metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score.
Flat band physics in the charge-density wave state of 1T-TaS2
Authors: Dalal Amir , Ruhman Jonathan , Venderbos Jörn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

1T-TaS2 is the only insulating transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) with an odd number of electrons per unit cell. This insulating state is non-magnetic, making it a potential spin-liquid candidate. The unusual electronic behavior arises from a naturally occurring nearly flat mini-band, where the properties of the strongly correlated states are significantly influenced by the microscopic starting point, necessitating a detailed and careful investigation.
We revisit the electronic band structure of 1T-TaS2 starting with the tight-binding model without CDW order. Symmetry dictates the nature of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), which, unlike in the 2H TMD structure, allows for strong off-diagonal ''spin-flip'' terms as well as Ising SOC. Incorporating the CDW phase, we construct a 78×78 tight-binding model to analyze the band structure as a function of various parameters. Our findings show that an isolated flat band is a robust feature of this model. Depending on parameters such as SOC strength and symmetry-allowed orbital splittings, the flat band can exhibit non-trivial topological classifications. These results have significant implications for the strongly correlated physics emerging from interacting electrons in the half-filled or doped flat band.
A Programmable Wafer-scale Chiroptical Heterostructure of Twisted Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Phase Change Materials
Authors: Gao Weilu , Fan Jichao , Chen Ruiyang , Lou Minhan , Xie Haoyu , Hong Nina , Tang Yingheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The ability to design and dynamically control chiroptical responses in solid-state matter at wafer scale enables new opportunities in various areas. Here we present a full stack of computer-aided designs and experimental implementations of a dynamically programmable, unified, scalable chiroptical heterostructure containing twisted aligned one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and non-volatile phase change materials (PCMs). We develop a software infrastructure based on high-performance machine learning frameworks, including differentiable programming and derivative-free optimization, to efficiently optimize the tunability of both excitonic reciprocal and linear-anisotropy-induced nonreciprocal circular dichroism (CD) responses. We experimentally implement designed heterostructures with wafer-scale self-assembled aligned CNTs and deposited PCMs. We dynamically program reciprocal and nonreciprocal CD responses by inducing phase transitions of PCMs, and nonreciprocal responses display polarity reversal of CD upon sample flipping in broadband spectral ranges. All experimental results agree with simulations. Further, we demonstrate that the vertical dimension of heterostructure is scalable with the number of stacking layers and aligned CNTs play dual roles – the layer to produce CD responses and the Joule heating electrode to electrically program PCMs. This heterostructure platform is versatile and expandable to a library of 1D nanomaterials and electro-optic materials for exploring novel chiral phenomena and photonic and optoelectronic devices.
WITHDRAWN: Assessment of Wetland Ecological Restoration Effect Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process: A Case Study of Tianjin Qilihai Wetland
Authors: Zhou Ran , Zhang Yi , Peng Shitao , Wang Yisheng , Dai Mingxin , Hong Ningning , Tong Hui , Liang Baocui , Lu Shaopeng , Hong Wu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Experimental investigation of the effects of applying external magnetic field around gap distance in wire electrical discharge machining of Tungsten Carbide
Authors: Shabgard Mohammadreza , Gholipoor Ahad , Jahazi Pooya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Tungsten carbide (WC) is a unique material in terms of high hardness, melting temperature, thermal corrosion, and wear and chemical resistance. This hard material is mainly used in machining industries as tools. The machining of tungsten carbide is impossible by traditional methods, due to its high hardness, so the modern machining methods such as wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) are used.
In this research, WEDM process along with external alternating magnetic field which was applied to the machining gap was used for machining tungsten carbide cobalt (WC-Co) ISO K20 workpieces and the effect of pulse on time, wire offset from the work piece and the intensity of the magnetic field on the material removal rate, the machined surface roughness, and the machined surface integrity, were investigated.
The obtained results indicate an increase in the material removal rate, and a decrease in the roughness of the machined surfaces, and the micro-cracks created on the surface of the machined parts by application of an external alternating magnetic field in WEDM process.
History of domestic violence among women and incidence of stunting in rural areas in Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rahyani Ni , Rahayu Sri , Manurung Suryani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) numbers 2 and 5 aim to end all forms of malnutrition and achieve gender equality, including meeting internationally agreed targets by 2025.
Objective
This study aims to determine the incidence of stunting in children under five years of age raised by mothers with a history of domestic violence in rural areas of Karangasem Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia.
Methods
This mixed-methods study (quantitative-qualitative) involved 133 women of childbearing age with stunted toddlers in Abang I and Kubu II subdistricts. Probability sampling was used to select participants. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires, in-depth interviews, observations, and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The study was conducted from May to October 2023.
Results
Most respondents were aged between 20–35 years (66.17%) and had primary education (74.44%). A majority were unemployed (65.41%) and had low incomes (87.97%). All respondents had stunted toddlers. The highest incidence of domestic violence (DV) experienced was social abuse (44%), followed by economic abuse (37.59%), emotional abuse (28.6%), physical abuse (17.29%), and sexual abuse (8.3%). There was a significant relationship between income level, parenting patterns, and the incidence of stunting (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The study found that stunting is prevalent among mothers who experience DV. The main theme from the thematic qualitative analysis is that women lack strong autonomy and power within the family. The recommendation is to increase women's autonomy through empowerment and entrepreneurial efforts and to screen for DV victims in basic health facilities.
USP4-mediated CENPF deubiquitylation regulated tumor metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chi Pan , Xie Zhongdong , Lin Hanbin , Wu Yuecheng , Wang Xiaojie , Yu Yanan , Wu Jiashu , Xu Meifang , Han Yuting , Zhang Qiongying , Deng Yu , Lin Lin , Linzhu Yan , Qingyun Li , Lin Xin , Huang Ying 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Metastasis is a major challenge for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. Here, we uncovered CENPF may be involved in CRC metastasis through bioinformatics mining and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeted functional screening. We observed CENPF expression was preferentially increased in CRC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. More importantly, multicenter cohort study identified upregulated CENPF expression was significantly correlated with poor survival in CRC. Knockdown of CENPF inhibited CRC cell invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, we found CENPF undergoes degradation in CRC via the ubiquitination-proteasome pathway. Mechanistically, we observed that USP4 interacted with and stabilized CENPF via deubiquitination. Furthermore, USP4-mediated CENPF upregulation was critical regulators of metastasis of CRC. Examination of clinical samples confirmed that USP4 expression positively correlates with CENPF protein expression, but not mRNA transcript levels. Taken together, this study describes a novel USP4-CENPF signaling axis which is crucial for CRC metastasis, potentially serving as a therapeutic target and a promising prognostic biomarker for CRC.
Empagliflozin inhibits PASMCs Phenotypic transition via downexpressing SYK and attenuates artery remodeling in MCT-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Duan Yuchen , Wang Hong , Li Guanghui , Jing Haoran , LI Weimin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious cardiovascular disease that ultimately leads to right heart failure and even death due to pulmonary artery remodeling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin (EMPA) on rats with PAH and its direct effects on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs).Methods PAH was induced in rats by injection of monocrotaline (MCT) (40 mg/kg), followed by treatment with EMPA (10 mg/kg/day) or physiological saline alone for four weeks. The effects of EMPA on the structure and function of the heart, pulmonary artery, and right heart were evaluated via echocardiography, histology, and ELISAs. The proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transition of cells in the pulmonary blood vessels were determined through WB. PDGF-BB was applied to stimulate the proliferation and migration of PASMCs, and the effect of EMPA on PASMCs was evaluated using scratch assays, Transwell assays, colony formation assays, and WB. Moreover, the regulation of SYK by EMPA was assessed. Overexpression of SYK and treatment of PASMCs with EMPA were performed to determine the effects of EMPA on proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation.Results Cardiac ultrasound, HE staining, Masson staining, and ELISAs revealed that EMPA alleviates pulmonary artery and right ventricular remodeling and dysfunction in rats with PAH. EMPA normalized the hemodynamic parameters and structure of pulmonary arterioles, including vascular wall thickness, CVF, and heart failure marker levels. In the presence of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, EMPA inhibited the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and the phenotypic transition of PASMCs. SYK overexpression stimulated the proliferation and phenotypic transition of PASMCs. EMPA treatment also inhibited the proliferation and phenotypic transition of PASMCs caused by SYK overexpression.Conclusion Our study first demonstrates that EMPA inhibits PASMC phenotypic transition by downregulating SYK, thereby exerting an antiproliferative effect on MCT-induced PAH.