bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for the development of incontinence‐associated dermatitis (IAD): A systematic review
Authors: Deprez Julie , Ohde Nils , Eilegård Wallin Alexandra , Bååth Carina , Hommel Ami , Hultin Lisa , Josefson Anna , Kottner Jan , Beeckman Dimitri 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIncontinence‐associated dermatitis (IAD) is an irritant contact dermatitis from prolonged contact with urine or faeces, which can significantly impact patient comfort and quality of life. The identification of prognostic factors for the development of IAD has the potential to enhance management, support preventive measures and guide future research. The objective of this systematic review was to summarize the empirical evidence of prognostic factors for the development of IAD. This study included prospective and retrospective observational studies or clinical trials that described prognostic factors associated with IAD. There were no restrictions on setting, time, language, participants or geographical regions. Exclusion criteria included reviews, editorials, commentaries, methodological articles, letters to the editor, cross‐sectional and case–control studies, and case reports. Searches were conducted from inception to April 2024 on MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. The studies were assessed by two independent reviewers using the QUIPS and the CHARMS‐PF for data extraction. A narrative synthesis approach was employed due to study heterogeneity and using the ‘vote counting based on direction’ method and the sign test. The overall certainty of evidence was assessed using adapted GRADE criteria. The review included 12 studies and identified 15 potential predictors. Moderate‐quality evidence suggests that increased stool frequency, limited mobility and friction/shear problems are risk factors for IAD development. Female sex, older age, vasopressor use and loose/liquid stool are risk factors supported by low‐quality evidence. Increased stool frequency, limited mobility and friction/shear problems seem to be risk factors for the development of IAD. There is insufficient evidence to support the predictive validity of female sex, older age, loose/liquid stool and vasopressor use. There is substantial methodological variability across studies, making it challenging to make comparisons. Large‐scale cohort studies in different settings that incorporate our review findings should be conducted in the future.
Mendelian randomization studies of periodontitis: Understanding benefits and natural limitations in an applied context
Authors: Haworth Simon , Timpson Nicholas J. , Divaris Kimon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMendelian randomization (MR) is a flexible analytical tool that has been widely applied to strengthen causal inference in observational epidemiology and is now gaining attention in many areas including periodontal research. The interpretation of results drawn from MR is based on a series of assumptions, which can be unrealistic or difficult to meet faithfully in some settings. However, we argue that with care, this does not necessarily prevent valuable deployment of the approach. We argue that clarity of presentation as well as careful assessment of specific analytical conditions is a fundamental part of all MR analyses. To that end, awareness of its limitations should also guide the design of MR investigations and the presentation of results rather than rule out its use altogether. Notably, considerations similar to those known to be important in conventional epidemiological settings apply to MR. While MR studies are valuable in their contrast to other study limitations, the application of this technique must be carefully cross‐examined. Specific considerations include possible confounders, recruitment strategy and phenotypic measurement and differential analysis properties across studies. In the case of periodontal research, current MR applications are limited by the available evidence base for genetic contributions to periodontitis; however, this sets a specific scene for the strategic use of MR and shines light on a need for greater research emphasis on the genetics of the condition and intermediaries. This article provides a perspective on the uses and inherent limitations of MR studies and the importance of adhering to basic epidemiological principles when designing them.
How does asset redeployability affect stock price crash risk?
Authors: Abbassi Wajih , Khalifa Mariem , Saffar Walid , Sun Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHow does a firm's asset redeployability affect its future stock price crash risk? Asset redeployability, which refers to the ease of selling corporate assets, allows managers to opportunistically exploit asset transactions to manage earnings to hoard bad news, thereby increasing future crash risk. Using a large sample of US firms, we find that firms with higher asset redeployability are more likely to experience a future stock price crash. We further find that this positive association is stronger for firms experiencing greater internal and external pressure to manage earnings. Our study highlights that relying on redeployable assets to orchestrate earnings undermines shareholders' interests, particularly when internal and external pressures incentivize upward earnings management.
Considering need satisfaction both at work and at home: What matters for employees' work–family enrichment and well‐being?
Authors: Baumann Heidi M. , Wilson Kelly Schwind 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current study examines complexities in relationships between need satisfaction at work, need satisfaction at home, work‐to‐family enrichment (WFE) and well‐being (in terms of positive affect). Competing theoretical perspectives are offered regarding relationships between need satisfaction and WFE. The first perspective, based in a domain specificity approach focused on the directional nature of WFE, suggests that need satisfaction at work is what matters for employees' WFE, irrespective of their need satisfaction at home. Alternatively, a second perspective proposes that both need satisfaction at work and need satisfaction at home represent important factors in employees' experiences of WFE and that congruence (i.e. similarity) between these two constructs is what matters for WFE. Competing hypotheses are tested in a sample of 204 full‐time employees who completed both a work and home survey and were rated on well‐being at home by a significant other. Results support the first perspective for competence need satisfaction and relatedness need satisfaction, while the second perspective is supported for autonomy need satisfaction. For all three needs, indirect relationships are found with well‐being, both at work and at home, via WFE. Relevant theoretical and practical implications are discussed as well as suggestions for future research.
GIS‐based G × E modeling of maize hybrids through enviromic markers engineering
Authors: Resende Rafael T. , Xavier Alencar , Silva Pedro Italo T. , Resende Marcela P. M. , Jarquin Diego , Marcatti Gustavo E. 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Through enviromics, precision breeding leverages innovative geotechnologies to customize crop varieties to specific environments, potentially improving both crop yield and genetic selection gains.
In Brazil's four southernmost states, data from 183 distinct geographic field trials (also accounting for 2017–2021) covered information on 164 genotypes: 79 phenotyped maize hybrid genotypes for grain yield and their 85 nonphenotyped parents. Additionally, 1342 envirotypic covariates from weather, soil, sensor‐based, and satellite sources were collected to engineer 10 K synthetic enviromic markers via machine learning.
Soil, radiation light, and surface temperature variations remarkably affect differential genotype yield, hinting at ecophysiological adjustments including evapotranspiration and photosynthesis. The enviromic ensemble‐based random regression model showcases superior predictive performance and efficiency compared to the baseline and kernel models, matching the best genotypes to specific geographic coordinates. Clustering analysis has identified regions that minimize genotype‐environment (G × E) interactions. These findings underscore the potential of enviromics in crafting specific parental combinations to breed new, higher‐yielding hybrid crops.
The adequate use of envirotypic information can enhance the precision and efficiency of maize breeding by providing important inputs about the environmental factors that affect the average crop performance. Generating enviromic markers associated with grain yield can enable a better selection of hybrids for specific environments.
Fertility and Family Dynamics in the Aftermath of the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Nitsche Natalie , Wilde Joshua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhen the COVID‐19 pandemic began in early 2020, speculation was rife both in public and academic spheres over its possible effects on birth rates and partnership behavior. Now, over four years later, we still know surprisingly little about the effect of COVID‐19 on fertility and family dynamics. In this paper, we outline three main takeaways from the scientific literature produced on this topic in the past four years. We argue that (1) we still do not have enough data to answer basic questions about the effect of COVID‐19 on fertility and family dynamics, (2) the data we do have suggest an unexpectedly incoherent and heterogeneous response, and (3) the estimated effects we do have are suspect since shifting and theoretically unexpected prepandemic fertility behavior made identifying a strict causal effect of the pandemic problematic.
Atopic diseases—Diagnostics, mechanisms, and exposures
Authors: Schoos Ann‐Marie Malby 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEpidemiological data suggest that atopic diseases begin in early life and that most cases present clinically during early childhood. The diseases are highly prevalent and increase as communities adopt western lifestyles. Disentangling the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to disease debut is necessary to identify beneficial/harmful exposures so that successful prevention and treatment can be generated. The objective of this review is to explore the definition of atopy and mechanisms of atopic diseases, and to investigate the importance of environmental factors in early life, prior to disease development. First, the distribution of sIgE levels in children is investigated, as this is one of the main criteria for the definition of atopy. Thereafter, it is explored how studies of parental atopic status, sensitization patterns, and early debut and severity of atopic dermatitis have substantiated the theory of an early‐life window of opportunity for intervention that precedes the development of atopic diseases in childhood. Then, it is examined whether early‐life exposures such as breastfeeding, dogs, cats, and house dust mites in the home perinatally constitute important influencers in this crucial time of life. Finally, it is discussed how these findings could be validated in randomized controlled trials, which might prepare the ground for improved diagnostics and prevention strategies to mitigate the current atopic pandemic.
Clinical experience with remimazolam in pediatric anesthesiology: An educational focused review
Authors: Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRemimazolam is a novel ultrashort‐acting benzodiazepine, which like midazolam, results in sedation, anxiolysis, and amnesia through its agonistic effects on the gamma‐amino butyric acid A receptor. As opposed to midazolam, its unique metabolism is via tissue esterases, which results in a rapid elimination with a limited context sensitive half‐life and prompt dissipation of its effect when administration is discontinued. Remimazolam received FDA approval for use in adults in 2020. In preliminary and initial clinical trials, its efficacy and safety has been suggested in the adult population, both as a primary agent for procedural sedation or as an adjunct to general anesthesia. There are limited data regarding the use of remimazolam in infants and children and its use in this population remains off label as it does not hold FDA‐approval in pediatric‐aged patients. This narrative outlines the pharmacologic properties of this unique medication, reviews previous published reports of its role in pediatric‐aged patients, and discusses dosing parameters and clinical use in this population.
Prospects for tritordeum (×Tritordeum martinii A. Pujadas, Nothosp. Nov.) cereal breeding: Key points for future challenges
Authors: Rodríguez‐Suárez Cristina , Requena‐Ramírez María Dolores , Mazzucotelli Elisabetta , Mastrangelo Anna Maria , Marcotuli Ilaria , Gadaleta Agata , Martín Antonio , Hornero‐Méndez Dámaso , Atienza Sergio G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTritordeum is the new cereal derived from crosses between the wild barley Hordeum chilense Roem. et Schultz. and either durum or bread wheat, resulting in hexaploid and octoploid tritordeums, respectively. The success of tritordeum as a crop depends on the effectiveness of its breeding programme. In this work, new advanced tritordeum lines are screened for grain carotenoid content and disease susceptibility to analyse the impact of the current breeding strategies and to identify their strengths and putative limitations for future challenges. We conclude that selection for grain carotenoid content, the main strength for the tritordeum commercialization, should be reinforced not only by using the diversity of H. chilense but also incorporating beneficial alleles from durum wheat. Furthermore, genes for stem rust resistance from the A and B wheat genomes must be incorporated into tritordeum breeding programme. Finally, when selecting for threshability, tritordeums without chromosome substitutions should be preferentially selected using a marker‐assisted selection approach.
The P2 protein of wheat yellow mosaic virus acts as a viral suppressor of RNA silencing in Nicotiana benthamiana to facilitate virus infection
Authors: Chen Dao , Zhang Hui‐Ying , Hu Shu‐Ming , He Zheng , Wu Yong Qi , Zhang Zong‐Ying , Wang Ying , Han Cheng‐Gui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) causes severe viral wheat disease in Asia. The WYMV P1 protein encoded by RNA2 has viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) activity to facilitate virus infection, however, VSR activity has not been identified for P2 protein encoded by RNA2. In this study, P2 protein exhibited strong VSR activity in Nicotiana benthamiana at the four‐leaf stage, and point mutants P70A and G230A lost VSR activity. Protein P2 interacted with calmodulin (CaM) protein, a gene‐silencing associated protein, while point mutants P70A and G230A did not interact with it. Competitive bimolecular fluorescence complementation and competitive co‐immunoprecipitation experiments showed that P2 interfered with the interaction between CaM and calmodulin‐binding transcription activator 3 (CAMTA3), but the point mutants P70A and G230A could not. Mechanical inoculation of wheat with in vitro transcripts of WYMV infectious cDNA clone further confirmed that VSR‐deficient mutants P70A and G230A decreased WYMV infection in wheat plants compared with the wild type. In addition, RNA silencing, temperature, ubiquitination and autophagy had significant effects on accumulation of P2 protein in N. benthamiana leaves. In conclusion, WYMV P2 plays a VSR role in N. benthamiana and promotes virus infection by interfering with calmodulin‐related antiviral RNAi defense.
Exploring transfer effects on memory and its neural mechanisms through a computerized cognitive training in mild cognitive impairment: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kang Jae Myeong , Kim Nambeom , Yun Seon Kyung , Seo Ha‐Eun , Bae Jae Nam , Kim Won‐Hyoung , Na Kyoung‐Sae , Cho Seo‐Eun , Ryu Seung‐Ho , Noh Young , Youn Jung‐Hae , Kang Seung‐Gul , Lee Jun‐Young , Cho Seong‐Jin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundComputerized cognitive training (CCT) has been proposed as a potential therapy for cognitive decline. One of the benefits of CCT is a transfer effect, but its mechanism on the memory domain is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the transfer effect of non‐memory multidomain CCT on the memory domain and its neural basis in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through a randomized controlled trial.MethodsPatients with MCI recruited from memory clinics were randomly assigned to either the CCT or the control group. The CCT group received multidomain CCT training excluding memory training, while the control group read educational books with learning‐based quizzes twice a week for 8 weeks. Participants underwent memory tests yielding a composite score, other cognitive domain tests, non‐cognitive scales, and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI), at baseline and after intervention. Within‐ and between‐group comparisons, group × time interactions, and seed‐to‐voxel analyses in memory‐involving brain networks were performed.ResultsThe CCT group showed improvement over the control group in memory domain (Group × time, F = 5.87, P = 0.03, η2 = 0.31), which was related with the increased connectivity in the hippocampal‐frontal and fusiform‐occipital network. No other cognitive and non‐cognitive symptoms differed between groups after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionEight weeks of multidomain CCT without memory training improved memory function and restored functional network in the hippocampal and medial temporal region in MCI patients. These results can provide evidence for the transferring ability of CCT on memory functioning with its neural basis.
Leaders' mental health and leader‐member exchange: Exploring relations on different levels of analysis
Authors: Diebig Mathias , Gritzka Susan , Gast Michael , Erschens Rebecca , Gündel Harald , Hofmann Sophie , Junne Florian , Schröpel Carla , Angerer Peter 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionResearch on leader‐member exchange (LMX) has shown that the relation between leaders and followers may be considered from different angles. Leaders may form individual relationships with followers (LMX quality), may agree with their followers on these relationships (LMX agreement), and may form different relationships within their work group (LMX variability). We posit that leaders' mental health may function as an antecedent for these different forms of LMX. We use conservation‐of‐resources theory as a theoretical model to describe how leaders' mental health may interact with relationship quality with followers on different levels.MethodsWe operationalized leaders' mental health using depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress reactivity. Our sample consisted of 322 followers of 75 leaders. Followers rated the LMX quality with their respective leader. Leaders rated depressive symptoms, anxiety, levels of stress reactivity, and LMX quality with their followers.ResultsResults of multilevel modeling showed that stress reactivity was negatively related to LMX quality and anxiety was positively linked to LMX agreement. Depressive symptoms were not related to aspects of LMX.ConclusionBy using multisource data on different analysis levels, we are able to include different perspectives on antecedents of LMX relationship quality. Implications for LMX at different levels of analysis as well as future research are discussed.
Verb‐echo answers in Japanese do not call for syntactic head movement: Arguments for a pragmatic account*
Authors: Tanabe Tomoya , Kobayashi Ryoichiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper tackles the issue of whether syntactic head movement exists in Japanese. Sato & Hayashi (2018) and Sato & Maeda (2021) propose that Verb‐Echo Answers (VEAs), an instance of fragment answers, in Japanese are derived via the so‐called Verb‐stranding TP‐Ellipsis (VTPE; i.e., TP‐ellipsis accompanied by verb‐raising to C), thereby claiming that head movement exists in Japanese as a syntactic operation. In response, this paper argues that pro and Argument Ellipsis (AE) in Japanese sufficiently account for the key observations presented in their works. Specifically, a careful examination of the discourse in each question‐answer pair reveals that the seemingly problematic scope patterns in VEAs do not call for the VTPE analysis. We also show that the unacceptability of voice mismatches in VEAs can be explained by a discourse‐based analysis within the Question Under Discussion framework. Further, we provide an extensive discussion on the alleged evidence against the pro/AE analysis concerning adjunct‐inclusive readings. We show that negative scope reversal effects, which Sato & Maeda (2021) argue occur in VTPE, do not occur between adjuncts and negation in the novel data. Given this, we discuss possible ways to account for the availability of adjunct‐inclusive readings in VEAs with no recourse to VTPE, and suggest avenues for future research. The proposed analyses of VEAs shed new light on intriguing aspects of ellipsis phenomena, which involve complex interactions between syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.
The aim and validity of inference and argument
Authors: Prawitz Dag 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn inference can be seen as a speech act, in which one passes from a number of assertions called premisses to another assertion, the conclusion, which is presented as supported or justified by the premisses. To justify the assertion that appears as conclusion is the characteristic aim of an inference. Here, we confine ourselves to deductive inferences where the justification is taken to be conclusive. A short, natural explanation of what it is for a (deductive) inference to be valid is to say that it is valid if it succeeds in its aim, that is, if its premisses do (conclusively) justify the conclusion, given that premisses are justified. The paper is concerned with developing this explanation further.
Towards a model of world Englishes and multilingual variation
Authors: Mesthrie Rajend 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDrawing on research on multilingualism in South Africa and India, this paper attempts to integrate world Englishes studies and variationist sociolinguistics; in other words, to fill in a missing dialogue between Braj Kachru and William Labov. The classic studies of variationism have been undertaken in large western centres in which the hegemony of one language is largely accepted. In the postcolonial world elsewhere, language functions and statuses are apportioned differently. This paper therefore probes the extent to which mainstream variationism is applicable outside the western milieu that it has so powerfully illuminated. This paper will outline how P languages (carrying overt prestige and power) interact with S languages (for solidarity and community interaction) within multilingual repertoires in post‐colonial contexts. The paper also explores the extent to which S and P codes interact under contact and switching in ‘third space’ moments that best capture the post‐colonial habitus among educated bilingual speakers.