bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Information Literacy Skills Demonstrated in an Engineering Design Task
Authors: Wertz Ruth E. H. , Purzer Şenay , Fosmire Michael J. , Cardella Monica E. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundPracticing engineers must continuously renew their knowledge and skills in order to remain competitive in the field. Yet, recent studies have found very little improvement in engineering graduates' lifelong learning skills. Research on information literacy, a critical component of lifelong learning, in technical fields is limited.Purpose/HypothesisThis study sought to evaluate the information skills of first‐year engineering students. Specifically, it investigated the extent to which students gather information from a variety of sources and from high‐quality sources, use gathered information to support an argument, and document information sources.Design/MethodThis study used content analysis of memos written by teams of engineering students. A random sample of 40 memos, selected from a pool of 263, was coded using InfoSEAD, a structured coding protocol developed for this study.ResultsOverall, 82% of the sources used were Web resources, of which 12% were of high quality. From the information threads that could be traced to the original source, 68% were relevant and used appropriately. Due to documentation errors in the memos, 28% of the sources cited could not be classified, and 57% of the information threads identified could not be traced to the original source.ConclusionsStudent teams mostly relied on Web resources, but their documentation skills were weak. When students did successfully document information, it was generally done appropriately.
Engineering Design‐Based Science, Science Content Performance, and Science Attitudes in Elementary School
Authors: Bethke Wendell Kristen , Rogers Chris 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundNew learning standards call for engineering instruction to be incorporated into elementary education, yet engineering experiences must not detract from quality science instruction. Previous research at the secondary level has found engineering design to be a supportive context for science learning. Designing functional artifacts may ground children's exploration of scientific concepts; engineering design may contextualize science learning.PurposeOur research investigated whether an engineering design‐based curriculum changed elementary student science attitudes and science content knowledge in four domains.Design/MethodIn the first year of the efficacy study, 12 elementary teachers taught science with their school or district's status quo curriculum. In the second year, they taught the same science content with a new engineering design‐based curriculum that incorporated LEGO™ design challenges. In both years, students completed pre‐ and post‐tests on science content and attitudinal surveys.ResultsThe increase in science content performance from pre‐ to post‐test was significantly greater for the LEGO engineering students than for the status quo students, but there was minimal difference in the science attitudes of the two student groups.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that engineering design‐based science curriculum units may support elementary students' science content knowledge, while helping students learn to design, construct, and test solutions to engineering problems. Because students using either curriculum had similarly positive attitudes toward science, our research suggests that the benefit of engineering design for science learning cannot be attributed simply to the positive science attitudes that may result from the use of novel materials or methods.
Quality in Interpretive Engineering Education Research: Reflections on an Example Study
Authors: Walther Joachim , Sochacka Nicola W. , Kellam Nadia N. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe emerging discipline of engineering education research is increasingly embracing a diverse range of interpretive research methods, whose adoption is characterized by a lack of coherent ways to conceptualize, communicate, and judge the quality of interpretive inquiries. Yet fields that have traditionally employed these methods do not offer a consensus about research quality.PurposeThis article presents reflections on challenges to research quality in an example interpretive engineering education study, and offers a quality framework that emerged from this study as a coherent, discipline‐specific view on interpretive research quality.Design/MethodAnalysis of the prior study of engineering students' competency formation by the author(s) is combined with a synthesis of the literature from the broad intellectual traditions of the interpretive paradigm to inform the development of a theoretical framework of research quality.ResultsDrawing on the engineering metaphor of quality management, we propose a systematic, process‐oriented framework of research quality along two dimensions: a process model locates quality strategies throughout the research process, and a typology systemizes fundamental aspects of validation (theoretical, procedural, communicative, and pragmatic) and the concept of process reliability to explicate quality strategies in their fundamental contribution to substantiating knowledge claims.ConclusionThe quality framework provides a way to develop and demonstrate overall research quality in the interpretive inquiry by shifting attention away from assessing the research quality of a final product. Rather, the framework provides guidance to systematically document and explicitly demonstrate quality considerations throughout the entire research process.
Temporalis fascia transplant for vocal fold scar and sulcus vocalis
Authors: Pitman Michael J. , Rubino Shaina M. , Cooper Amy L. 
Published: November 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate vocal outcomes in 10 patients 1 year after autologous transplantation of temporalis fascia into Reinke's space (ATFV) for vocal fold scar and sulcus vocalis.Study DesignRetrospective, clinical case series.MethodsSubjective and objective evaluation was performed 12 months after surgery using laryngovideostroboscopy (LVS) in all patients, the Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) in seven patients, GRBAS (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain) scale in nine patients, and noise‐to‐harmonics ratio (NHR), phonatory range (PR) and maximum phonation time (MPT) in six patients.ResultsLVS improved in all but one patient. A significant decrease was noted in the GRBAS subscales grade, roughness, asthenia, and strain (P < .05). Breathiness was almost significant, with a P value of .052. There was an average decrease in the VHI‐10 of 8.14 (P = .032). NHR, MPT, and PR did not statistically improve.ConclusionsATFV for vocal fold scar and sulcus vocalis results in significant subjective vocal improvement that persists at least 1 year after surgery.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 124:1653–1658, 2014
A Facile Strategy to Fabricate Thermoresponsive Polymer Functionalized CdTe/ZnS Quantum Dots: Assemblies and Optical Properties
Authors: Liu Bingxin , Tong Cuiyan , Feng Lijuan , Wang Chunyu , He Yao , Lü Changli 
Published: November 2013

Novel thermoresponsive CdTe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) decorated with a copolymer ligand (CPL) containing 8‐hydroxyquinoline and NIPAM units are prepared through coordinate bonding in aqueous solution. The dependence of the morphology and optical properties of the QDs/CPL assemblies formed via coordinate bonding on the experimental conditions is studied. The coordinate induced self‐assemblies are observed by controlling the molar ratio of QDs and CPL. The self‐organized structure of QDs/CPL proceeds through a first step of QDs‐chains, followed by a necklace‐like single annular chain, and subsequently increases its annular chain structure, forming a network. The CPL functionalized QDs can emit multiple colors from the cooperating interaction between the inherent emission (606 nm) of the QDs and the surface‐coordinated emission (517 nm) of the CPL complex formed on the QD surface. For QDs‐CPL systems, both Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and a high rate of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) are simultaneous, the latter mainly contributing to PL quenching. The thermoresponsive QDs/CPL assemblies also exhibit dual reversible PL properties between the inherent emission of QDs and surface‐coordinated emission.
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Electron photodetachment dissociation for structural characterization of synthetic and bio‐polymer anions
Authors: Antoine Rodolphe , Lemoine Jérôme , Dugourd Philippe 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTandem mass spectrometry (MS‐MS) is a generic term evoking techniques dedicated to structural analysis, detection or quantification of molecules based on dissociation of a precursor ion into fragments. Searching for the most informative fragmentation patterns has led to the development of a vast array of activation modes that offer complementary ion reactivity and dissociation pathways. Collisional activation of ions using atoms, molecules or surface resulting in unimolecular dissociation of activated ions still plays a key role in tandem mass spectrometry. The discovery of electron capture dissociation (ECD) and then the development of other electron‐ion or ion/ion reaction methods, constituted a significant breakthrough, especially for structural analysis of large biomolecules. Similarly, photon activation opened promising new frontiers in ion fragmentation owing to the ability of tightly controlled internal energy deposition and easy implementation on commercial instruments. Ion activation by photons includes slow heating methods such as infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) and black‐body infrared radiative dissociation (BIRD) and higher energy methods like ultra‐violet photodissociation (UVPD) and electron photo detachment dissociation (EPD). EPD occurs after UV irradiation of multiply negatively charged ions resulting in the formation of oxidized radical anions. The present paper reviews the hypothesis regarding the mechanisms of electron photo‐detachment, radical formation and direct or activated dissociation pathways that support the observation of odd and even electron product ions. Finally, the value of EPD as a complementary structural analysis tool is illustrated through selected examples of synthetic polymers, oligonucleotides, polypeptides, lipids, and polysaccharides. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 33: 501–522, 2014.
Health conditions and quality of life in survivors of childhood acute myeloid leukemia comparing post remission chemotherapy to BMT: A report from the children's oncology group
Authors: Schultz Kris Ann P. , Chen Lu , Chen Zhengjia , Kawashima Toana , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Woods William G. , Nicholson H. Stacy , Neglia Joseph P. 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundTherapy for childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has historically included chemotherapy with or without autologous bone marrow transplant (autoBMT) or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloBMT). We sought to compare health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQOL) outcomes between these treatment groups.ProcedureFive‐year survivors of AML diagnosed before age 21 and enrolled and treated from 1979 to 1995 on one of 4 national protocols were interviewed. These survivors or proxy caregivers completed a health questionnaire and an HRQOL measure.ResultsOf 180 survivors, 100 were treated with chemotherapy only, 26 with chemotherapy followed by autoBMT, and 54 with chemotherapy followed by alloBMT. Median age at interview was 20 years (range 8–39). Twenty‐one percent reported a severe or life‐threatening chronic health condition (chemotherapy‐only 16% vs. autoBMT 21% vs. alloBMT 33%; P = 0.02 for chemotherapy‐only vs. alloBMT). Nearly all (95%) reported excellent, very good or good health. Reports of cancer‐related pain and anxiety did not vary between groups. HRQOL scores among 136 participants ≥14 years of age were similar among groups and to the normative population, though alloBMT survivors had a lower physical mean summary score (49.1 alloBMT vs. 52.2 chemotherapy‐only; P = 0.03). Multivariate analyses showed the presence of severe chronic health conditions to be a strong predictor of physical but not mental mean summary scores.ConclusionsOverall HRQOL scores were similar among treatment groups, although survivors reporting more health conditions or cancer‐related pain had diminished HRQOL. Attention to chronic health conditions and management of cancer‐related pain may improve QOL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:729–736. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dietary triheptanoin rescues oligodendrocyte loss, dysmyelination and motor function in the nur7 mouse model of Canavan disease
Authors: Francis Jeremy S. , Markov Vladimir , Leone Paola 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe inherited pediatric leukodystrophy Canavan disease is characterized by dysmyelination and severe spongiform degeneration, and is currently refractory to treatment. A definitive understanding of core disease mechanisms is lacking, but pathology is believed to result at least in part compromised fatty acid synthesis during myelination. Recent evidence generated in an animal model suggests that the breakdown of N‐acetylaspartate metabolism in CD results in a heightened coupling of fatty acid synthesis to oligodendrocyte oxidative metabolism during the early stages of myelination, thereby causing acute oxidative stress. We present here the results of a dietary intervention designed to support oxidative integrity during developmental myelination in the nur7 mouse model of Canavan disease. Provision of the odd carbon triglyceride triheptanoin to neonatal nur7 mice reduced oxidative stress, promoted long‐term oligodendrocyte survival, and increased myelin in the brain. Improvements in oligodendrocyte survival and myelination were associated with a highly significant reduction in spongiform degeneration and improved motor function in triheptanoin treated mice. Initiation of triheptanoin treatment in older animals resulted in markedly more modest effects on these same pathological indices, indicating a window of therapeutic intervention that corresponds with developmental myelination. These results support the targeting of oxidative integrity at early stages of Canavan disease, and provide a foundation for the clinical development of a non‐invasive dietary triheptanoin treatment regimen.
The effect of a daily quiz (TOPday) on self-confidence, enthusiasm, and test
results for biomechanics
Authors: Tanck Esther , Maessen Martijn F. H. , Hannink Gerjon , Van Kuppeveld Sascha M. H. F. , Bolhuis Sanneke , Kooloos Jan G. M. 
Published: November 2013

Many students in Biomedical Sciences have difficulty understanding biomechanics.
In a second-year course, biomechanics is taught in the first week and examined at the
end of the fourth week. Knowledge is retained longer if the subject material is
repeated. However, how does one encourage students to repeat the subject matter? For
this study, we developed ‘two opportunities to practice per day (TOPday)’, consisting of
multiple-choice questions on biomechanics with immediate feedback, which were sent via
e-mail. We investigated the effect of TOPday on self-confidence, enthusiasm, and test
results for biomechanics. All second-year students (n = 95) received a TOPday of
biomechanics on every regular course day with increasing difficulty during the course.
At the end of the course, a non-anonymous questionnaire was conducted. The students were
asked how many TOPday questions they completed (0–6 questions [group A]; 7–18 questions
[group B]; 19–24 questions [group C]). Other questions included the appreciation for
TOPday, and increase (no/yes) in self-confidence and enthusiasm for biomechanics.
Seventy-eight students participated in the examination and completed the questionnaire.
The appreciation for TOPday in group A (n = 14), B (n = 23) and C (n = 41) was 7.0 (95 %
CI 6.5–7.5), 7.4 (95 % CI 7.0–7.8), and 7.9 (95 % CI 7.6–8.1), respectively (p < 0.01
between A and C).
Implementing AORN Recommended Practices for Laser Safety
Authors: Castelluccio Donna 
Published: November 2013

AbstractLasers used in the OR pose many risks to both patients and personnel. AORN's “Recommended practices for laser safety in perioperative practice settings” identifies the potential hazards associated with laser use, such as eye damage and fire‐ and smoke‐related injuries. The practice recommendations are intended to be used as a guide for establishing best practices in the workplace and to give perioperative nurses strategies for implementing the recommended safety measures. A laser safety program should include measures to control access to laser use areas; protect staff members and patients from exposure to the laser beam; provide staff members and patients with the appropriate safety eyewear for use in the laser use area; and protect staff members and patients from surgical smoke, electrical, and fire hazards. Measures such as using a safety checklist or creating a laser cart can help perioperative nurses successfully incorporate the practice recommendations. Patient scenarios are included as examples of how to use the document in real‐life situations.
Linear stability analysis of wind turbine wakes performed on wind tunnel measurements
Authors: Iungo G. V. , Viola F. , Camarri S. , Porté-Agel F. , Gallaire F. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWind tunnel measurements were performed for the wake produced by a three-bladed wind turbine immersed in uniform flow. These tests show the presence of a vorticity structure in the near-wake region mainly oriented along the streamwise direction, which is denoted as the hub vortex. The hub vortex is characterized by oscillations with frequencies lower than that connected to the rotational velocity of the rotor, which previous works have ascribed to wake meandering. This phenomenon consists of transversal oscillations of the wind turbine wake, which might be excited by the vortex shedding from the rotor disc acting as a bluff body. In this work, temporal and spatial linear stability analyses of a wind turbine wake are performed on a base flow obtained with time-averaged wind tunnel velocity measurements. This study shows that the low-frequency spectral component detected experimentally matches the most amplified frequency of the counter-winding single-helix mode downstream of the wind turbine. Then, simultaneous hot-wire measurements confirm the presence of a helicoidal unstable mode of the hub vortex with a streamwise wavenumber roughly equal to that predicted from the linear stability analysis.
Tension distribution shaping via reconfigurable attachment in planar mobile cable robots
Authors: Zhou Xiaobo , Jun Seung-kook , Krovi Venkat 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYTraditional cable robots derive their manipulation capabilities using spooling winches at fixed base locations. In our previous work, we examined enhancing manipulation capabilities of cable robots by the addition of base mobility to spooling winches (allowing a group of mobile robots to cooperatively manipulate a payload using cables). Base mobility facilitated the regulation of the tension-direction (via active coordination of mobile bases) and allowed for better conditioning of the wrench-feasible workspace. In this paper we explore putting idler pulleys on the payload attachment as alternate means to simplify the design and enable practical deployment. We examine analysis of the system using ellipse geometry and develop a virtual cable-subsystem formulation (which also facilitates subsumption into the previously developed mobile cable robot analysis framework). We also seek improvement of the tension distribution by utilizing configuration space redundancy to shape the tension null space. This tension distribution shaping is implemented in the form of a tension factor optimization problem over the workspace and explored via both simulation and experimental studies.
Mobile robot navigation with a self-paced brain–computer interface based on high-frequency SSVEP
Authors: Diez Pablo F. , Mut Vicente A. , Laciar Eric , Perona Enrique M. Avila 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYA brain–computer interface (BCI) is a system for commanding a device by means of brain signals without having to move any muscle. One kind of BCI is based on Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEP), which are evoked visual cortex responses elicited by a twinkling light source. Stimuli can produce visual fatigue; however, it has been well established that high-frequency SSVEP (>30 Hz) does not. In this paper, a mobile robot is remotely navigated into an office environment by means of an asynchronous high-frequency SSVEP-based BCI along with the image of a video camera. This BCI uses only three electroencephalographic channels and a simple processing signal method. The robot velocity control and the avoidance obstacle algorithms are also herein described. Seven volunteers were able to drive the mobile robot towards two different places. They had to evade desks and shelves, pass through a doorway and navigate in a corridor. The system was designed so as to allow the subject to move about without restrictions, since he/she had full robot movement's control. It was concluded that the developed system allows for remote mobile robot navigation in real indoor environments using brain signals. The proposed system is easy to use and does not require any special training. The user's visual fatigue is reduced because high-frequency stimulation is employed and, furthermore, the user gazes at the stimulus only when a command must be sent to the robot.
Economics without history: objections to the rights hypothesis
Authors: JONES ERIC L. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTReasons are given for doubting the currently fashionable thesis that economic growth and industrialisation in the case of England derived from establishing secure property rights after 1688. Customary and public rights remained at risk. Ancient arrangements often persisted far into Victorian times. Detailed evidence is presented of survivals and of illiquid features in the land market. Evidence is also given of endemic disputes over enclosure and tithes. Unlike some European countries, England failed to establish a land registry. Limited transactions probably reflected unwillingness to risk litigation. That unsatisfactory property rights did not, however, stifle growth is tribute to the underlying power of the market.