bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The acquisition of object drop in L2 Spanish by German speakers
Authors: Guijarro-Fuentes Pedro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the use of null objects in adult L1 German-L2 Spanish speakers. Spanish
null objects are licensed under two conditions: (i) semantically, null objects must be [-definite, -specific] (Franco, 1993; Sánchez, 2004), and
(ii) syntactically, null objects cannot be generated within an island or Phase Impenetrability in recent minimalist
conceptions (Chomsky, 2001), as they involve A’-movement (triggered by
[+ Top] feature). Object topic drop in German, on the other hand, does not exhibit the same semantic restrictions as
Spanish (Müller & Hulk, 2001). Using a production task, the predictions
of two competing models of L2 acquisition are tested. While the Interpretability Hypothesis (e.g.,
Hawkins & Hattori, 2006; Tsimpli
& Dimitrakopoulou, 2007) claims that interpretable features can be fully acquired by adult L2ers,
uninterpretable features not instantiated in the L1 are no longer available to adult learners, the Feature
Reassembly Hypothesis (Lardiere, 2009) proposes that L2
speakers transfer features that share the same morpholexical expressions in the L1 and L2, and when they do not,
learners must (re)assemble them into new configurations. Unlike the IH, FRH does not predict special difficulties with
uninterpretable features. The results from the native speaker group show that they respect the semantic constraints in
great measure, but show some variability with the syntactic restrictions by producing (unpredicted) null objects under
some of the islands tested. Moreover, the results from the L2ers show sensitivity to the semantic constraint, although
it is not as categorical as in the native group. Similarly, L2ers show sensitivity to the syntactic constraints in
that they generally prefer explicit objects when these are generated inside islands, but it varies by island (not in
the same way as in the NS group) and by speaker (group). In light of our results, we conclude that the results are
more in line with the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. Ultimately, these results show that adult L2ers
are able to make distinctions which would not be expected if second language acquisition were fundamentally different
from L1 acquisition and UG were inoperative in this population.
“Nobody” isn’t in time
Authors: Moscati Vincenzo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The paper presents novel findings on young children’s processing of Negative Concord Items (NCIs)
in Italian in preverbal position. This is a syntactic environment in which their interpretation is equivalent to the
English Negative pronouns “Nobody/Nothing”. Eye movements show that by the age of 5 children have little troubles in
accessing the correct interpretation of preverbal NCIs. However, their processing time lags behind positive universal
quantifiers used as controls. This result is discussed in relation to a documented overgeneralization of Negative
Concord in early grammars.
Optical fiber sensor based on magneto-optical surface plasmon resonance with ultra-high figure of merit
Authors: Yan Jixuan , Xu Yangyang , Ding Jinghui , Zhu Xiao-Song , Shi Yi-Wei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Compared to surface plasmon resonance (SPR), the sensors based on the magneto-optical SPR (MOSPR) technique have much higher figure-of-merit (FOM). However, there are no reports about applying MOSPR in the optical fiber structure now. In this work, a novel D-shaped optical fiber sensor based on the MOSPR technique is proposed. The D-shaped optical fiber is coated with a thin silver film and a magneto-optical (MO) material film of Cerium-doped Yttrium-Iron garnet (CeYIG). By applying a magnetic field on the sensing region, the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) of the CeYIG layer and the related MOSPR phenomenon could be excited when appropriate light is transmitted in the proposed optical fiber sensor. The influence of the structural parameters including the residual cladding thickness, silver and MO material film thicknesses are analyzed theoretically by the finite element method (FEM). With the optimal parameters, the sensor achieves the sensitivity of 5304 nm RIU−1. Since the peak width of MOSPR spectra is much narrower than that of the SPR spectra, the FOM of the sensor is largely enhanced to 3864 RIU−1 on average and 13260 RIU−1 in maximum, which surpasses the optical fiber SPR sensors vastly. The miniaturized and simple design of the D-shaped optical fiber MOSPR sensor, coupled with the ultra-high FOM, offers itself great potential in biochemical sensing applications.
Strong radiative coupling between two quantum emitters with arbitrary mutual orientation via a silver nano-arc
Authors: Xie Qingtai , Wang Jinpeng , Hong Jie , Liu Jing-Feng , Liu Guanghui , Wu Feng , Chen Yongzhu , Chen Gengyan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Strong radiative coupling realizes coherent exchange of single excitation between two quantum emitters, while their dipole orientation influences the coupling strength in anisotropic environments. We propose a silver nano-arc with arbitrary radian which can support two hot spots of electric field with radian-independent resonant wavelength. Two quantum emitters resonant with the cavity mode, embedded inside the two hot spots and oriented along the nano-arc axis, can realize strong radiative coupling, verified by the large splitting and anti-crossing behavior in the spectrum and the population oscillation in the time domain. All these signatures of strong radiative coupling are robust against the nano-arc’s curvature. Our work provides a flexible approach to realize strong radiative coupling between two quantum emitters with arbitrary mutual orientation and facilitates quantum information processing.
Study on electrochemical polishing mechanism of TC4 titanium alloy
Authors: Wang Youliang , Liu Haiwang , Yin Xincheng , Zhou Yuhang , Feng Ming , Li Sisi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To achieve a high-quality and precise surface on TC4 titanium alloy for demanding engineering applications, electrochemical polishing (ECP) technology was employed to investigate the polishing process of TC4 titanium alloy in an ethylene glycol-sodium chloride green electrolyte. The macro and micro morphology, surface roughness, material removal rate, surface elements, surface corrosion resistance, and surface hardness of TC4 titanium alloy were measured before and after polishing. Single-factor experiments were conducted to explore the effects of processing gap, electrolyte temperature, polishing voltage, and polishing time on TC4 titanium alloy surface quality. Optimal polishing parameters were determined to be an electrode gap of 12 mm, a voltage of 20 V, a temperature of 40 °C, and a polishing time of 10 min. The experimental results indicated that after electrochemical polishing, the workpiece surface roughness Ra decreased from 256 nm to 25 nm, achieving a roughness reduction rate of 90.23%, the material removal rate was 3.348 μm min−1. The self-corrosion potential of the polished surface increased from −0.416 V to −0.375 V and the self-corrosion current density decreased from 4.447 × 10−7 A·cm−2 to 1.873 × 10−7 A·cm−2, the surface indentation hardness of the workpiece decreased from 5.8669 GPa to 4.6726 GPa. Based on the characterization of polished surface, the mechanism of electrochemical polishing of TC4 titanium alloy was proposed. The results demonstrate that electrochemical polishing of TC4 titanium alloy is highly efficient, involves no mechanical action, and causes no subsurface damage, making it a promising technology to meet medical requirements.
First principle insights on optoelectronic, mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of double perovskites Li2ScAu (Br/I)6 for energy harvesting applications
Authors: Alqorashi Afaf Khadr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Li-based double perovskites (DPs) are extensively studied due to their potential applications for solar cells and thermoelectric devices. In the current paper, I have explored the electronic, optical, transport, and mechanical properties of Li2ScAu (Br/I)6 by density functional theory (DFT) based calculations. The tolerance factor and Born Criteria have been assumed for structural and mechanical stability. In contrast, energy and phonons band structures are examined for thermodynamic and dynamic (Lattice vibration) stabilities. The band gaps of 1.96 eV and 1.42 eV for Li2ScAuBr6 and Li2ScAuI6 fall the absorption bands in the visible zone. The optical characteristics are addressed in the energy range of 0–5.0 eV. The low lattice thermal conductivity, large Seebeck coefficient, and electrical conductivity enhance the figure of merit (ZT) scale that increasse their importance for thermoelectric generators.
GFLE: a low-energy lightweight block cipher based on a variant of generalized Feistel structure
Authors: Hu Minhua , Li Lang , Huang Xiantong , Sun Wei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Low-energy lightweight block ciphers are essential for applications with extremely resource-constrained to reduce energy and maintain security. The trade-off between diffusion property and area is a widely studied issue in the design of low-energy block ciphers. In this paper, a low-energy lightweight block cipher named as GFLE is presented. The core cipher of GFLE uses a variant of the Generalized Feistel Structure (GFS) with 4-branch, which combines the Type-II GFS with the simplified Lai-Massey. The DRmax of GFLE has a one-round improvement over the Type-II GFS optimized by Suzaki et al and the security margin is achieved in a shorter number of rounds. Moreover, an S-box with low-energy and good cryptographic properties is proposed by searching combinations based on gate-level circuits using a depth-first strategy. It exhibits better security properties and hardware performance compared to other S-boxes. The block cipher GFLE is implemented in ASIC with UMC 0.18 μm. It has been proved that the energy of GFLE is lower than Midori, WARP, SKINNY, CRAFT, etc in unified encryption and decryption (ED) circuits. GFLE reduces energy by 61.59% compared with SKINNY. The results show that GFLE in ED circuits consumes only 1596 Gate Equivalents (GEs) and 6.36 μ
J/bit in area and energy, respectively.
Influence of the optoelectronic properties of F-MoTe2 systems under the combined action of an external electric field and biaxial tensile-compressive deformation: a first-principles study
Authors: Dai Ying , Liu Guili , Mohammadzadeh Ardashir , Zhang Guoying 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The effects of an applied electric field on the electronic structure, charge transfer, and optical characteristics of molybdenum telluride (MoTe2) systems doped with halogen F atoms during biaxial tensile-compressive deformation were explored using first-principles approaches. The results show that the MoTe2 system exhibits an upward shift of the Fermi energy level and a downward shift of the conduction band when crossing the Fermi energy level due to the doping of halogen F atoms. Subsequently, we applied an electric field of −0.4 eV∼−0.4 eV to the F-MoTe2 system. The change of the F-MoTe2 system under the electric field effect is very small. This result indicates that the F-MoTe2 system can be stabilized in this range. Subsequently, we chose to apply a biaxial tensile-compressive deformation of −14%−14% to the F-MoTe2 system under the action of an electric field of +0.4 eV. The F-MoTe2 system underwent a transition from a semiconductor to a metal, with an increase in the carrier concentration and a good shift in electrical conductivity. The compressive strain gives better results than the tensile strain. In terms of optical characteristics, the absorption and emission peaks of the F-MoTe2 system are blueshifted under the combined effect of electric field and stress.
Interdecadal changes and the role of Philippine Sea convection in the intensification of Indian spring heatwaves
Authors: Ok Jung , Song Eun-Ji , Yang Sinil , Kim Baek-Min , Kim Ki-Young 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Severe heatwaves have become increasingly frequent over the Indian subcontinent in recent decades. This study found that the increase in extreme heatwaves is related to a significant decadal change in surface temperatures over the Indian subcontinent, and revealed that the increase in convective activity in the Philippine Sea plays a crucial role in this decadal change in surface temperature. Specifically, the surface temperature over the Indian subcontinent in spring has increased significantly by approximately 0.64 °C in recent years (1998–2022: post-1998) compared to the past (1959–1997: pre-1998), leading to more intense and frequent heatwaves, particularly in March and April. The difference in atmospheric changes between these two periods shows that the enhancement of convective activity over the Philippine Sea drives an anomalous elongated anticyclonic circulation over the Indian subcontinent. This circulation pattern, marked by clearer skies and increased incident solar radiation, significantly contributes to the heat extremes in the Indian subcontinent. Additionally, stationary wave model experiments demonstrate that local diabatic heating over the Philippine Sea is significantly linked to robust spring Indian heatwaves through the Matsuno–Gill response.
Optimizing the fundamental eigenvalue gap of quantum graphs
Authors: Ahrami Mohammed , El Allali Zakaria , Harrell II Evans M , Kennedy James B 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study the problem of minimizing or maximizing the fundamental spectral gap of Schrödinger operators on metric graphs with either a convex potential or a ‘single-well’ potential on an appropriate specified subset. (In the case of metric trees, such a subset can be the entire graph.) In the convex case we find that the minimizing and maximizing potentials are piecewise linear with only a finite number of points of non-smoothness, but give examples showing that the optimal potentials need not be constant. This is a significant departure from the usual scenarios on intervals and domains where the constant potential is typically minimizing. In the single-well case we show that the optimal potentials are piecewise constant with a finite number of jumps, and in both cases give an explicit estimate on the number of points of non-smoothness, respectively jumps, the minimizing potential can have. Furthermore, we show that, unlike on domains, it is not generally possible to find nontrivial bounds on the fundamental gap in terms of the diameter of the graph alone, within the given classes.
Particle scattering and fusion for the Ablowitz–Ladik chain
Authors: Brollo Alberto , Spohn Herbert 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Ablowitz–Ladik (AL) chain is an integrable discretized version of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We report on a novel underlying Hamiltonian particle system with properties similar to the ones known for the classical Toda chain and Calogero fluid with1/sinh2pair interaction. Boundary conditions are imposed such that, both in the distant past and future, particles have a constant velocity. We establish the many-particle scattering for the AL chain and obtain properties known for generic integrable many-body systems. For a specific choice of the chain, real initial data remain real in the course of time. Then, asymptotically, particles move in pairs with a velocity-dependent size and scattering shifts are governed by the fusion rule.
Elucidating the role of Ag+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ in tuning the electrical characteristics of polyaniline prepared through post-doping method
Authors: Lee J S , Yeap S P , Wang F , Cheok C Y , Ang C K , Jawad Z A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Conducting polymers possess inherent electrical conductivity, attracting significant attention in engineering applications, including dye-sensitized solar cells, gas sensors, and energy storage electrodes. Of various conducting polymers, Polyaniline has gained much attention due to its low cost of monomer, ease of bulk synthesis, high flexibility, and good environmental stability. Nevertheless, the conductivity of polyaniline is rather low when it is prepared under an un-doped state. Despite that, there is no clear information regarding how the valency of a metal dopant and its concentration can affect the electrical characteristics and other physicochemical properties of doped polyaniline. This study aims to fill this research gap by elucidating the changes in the electrical characteristics of polyaniline through metal doping. Polyaniline was synthesized through chemical oxidative polymerization in an HCl medium, followed by a post-doping to produce metal-codoped polyaniline. Three dopant materials, namely AgNO3, Cu(NO3)2, and Fe(NO3)3, were used in this synthesis, representing mono-, di-, and tri-valent metal ions, respectively. Results showed that bare PANI (which was doped with HCl only) exhibited a higher electrical conductance value of 8.44 x 10-7 S, while 1 M of Ag-codoped polyaniline, 1 M of Cu-codoped polyaniline, and 1 M of Fe-codoped polyaniline exhibited electrical conductance values of 1.73 x 10-7 S, 4.27 x 10-8 S, and 2.33 x 10-6 S, respectively. Apparently, the trivalent metal dopant was able to improve the conductivity of polyaniline; however, a detrimental effect resulted when the concentration of Fe3+ was increased to 1.5 M (overdose), resulting in a drop in electrical conductance to 4.66 x 10-8 S. In terms of morphological property, Ag-doped polyaniline exhibited a mixture of plate-like and globule-like structures, while both Cu-doped polyaniline and Fe-doped polyaniline predominantly displayed tiny globule-like structures, likely attributed to the stronger acidity of the Cu(NO3)2 and Fe(NO3)3 solutions. Meanwhile, the presence of several common bands of polyaniline such as N-H, C=N, C-H aromatic, quinoid and benzoid units are detected in the produced samples. The project outcomes are expected to guide tailored development of metal-doped polyaniline for specific electrical applications.
Evaluation of LM 43.8P blade performance at different hub height wind speeds using blade element momentum theory
Authors: Augusto G L , Chen W H , Gan Lim L A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
An investigation was conducted on a three-bladed rotor similar to AVANTIS AV908. The rotor blade is appropriate for a Class I wind turbine generator and consists of three LM 43.8P blades. The 2.5 MW gearless wind turbine generator has a rated rotational speed of 16 rpm. An analysis of the LM 43.8P blade’s aerodynamics was carried out using the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) Theory to assess the turbine’s performance at different hub height wind speeds. The study employed three BEM models, including the original BEM concept without correction factors, the BEM Theory by DNV/Ris0, and the BEM Theory obtained from GH Bladed. The rotor radius is 45.1 m, and the blade comprises five different airfoils with a design tip speed ratio of 7.557. The axial and tangential induction factors, lift and drag coefficients, aerodynamic forces, and torque profiles as a function of the nondimensional rotor blade were calculated and compared with the numerical solutions obtained from the BEM models at varying upstream wind speeds. The calculation results revealed that with the original BEM concept, the axial induction factor for this particular blade became larger than 0.5 when the upstream wind speed was less than 7.45 m/s. This suggests that the Momentum Theory becomes invalid for lower wind speeds. However, the thrust force, driving force, and torque may be considerably over-predicted with hub height wind speeds larger than 9.50 m/s. It was found that out of the three models considered, the GH Bladed BEM model bears a striking resemblance with the actual power curve of AV908 with a confidence level above 95%, as indicated by a correlation coefficient of 0.99915 and a t-value of 0.51606 using Student’s t-test, implying that the two power curves have no significant difference.
A pseudo-2-dimensional model of the nonlinear impedance response of a nickel-iron battery
Authors: Abarro J M E , Paraggua J A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Pseudo-2-dimensional (P2D) models are computationally efficient tools for accurately predicting the battery’s performance. These models have been widely used to simulate lithium-ion batteries, but their application can be extended to other battery chemistries. Nickel-iron batteries are one type of storage that is regaining attention due to their durability and large theoretical specific capacity. However, their tendency to form an irreversible passivation layer and hydrogen gas leads to lower overall specific capacity and charging efficiency. Physics-based models of impedance spectra can help understand and interpret mass transport, thermodynamic, and reaction processes in a system. Batteries, being nonlinear systems in nature, can be better evaluated through nonlinear electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (NLEIS), an extension of the traditional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), to break the degeneracy of a linear model. Base case parameters were used to generate the impedance spectra by applying moderate-amplitude current modulations. This work compared the first harmonic linear response and the second harmonic nonlinear response simulated through a P2D model. Unlike EIS, the nonlinear response shows sensitivity to charge transfer symmetry. At the negative electrode, the nonlinear response demonstrates strong dependence on the kinetic properties, suggesting that the overall battery performance is mainly influenced by the processes at the negative electrode-electrolyte interface.
Novel resistance control scheme for mitigating current sharing mismatches in parallel dual active bridge converters for DC fast charging stations
Authors: Phuc L.H. , Duc P.M. , Nhuan L.A. , Ly T.T. , Hung N.D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converters have gained popularity in electric vehicle charging stations due to their high efficiency and electrical isolation. As the demand for high-powered devices and large-capacity energy storage systems grows, charging systems that integrate multiple interconnected DAB modules are emerging as a promising solution. However, prolonged operation of these modules at high power levels can cause parameter deviations from the initial DAB circuit, resulting in power variations between modules. To overcome parameter deviations, this study presents an enhanced power control approach based on output resistance adjustment, intending to achieve consistent output capacity for multiple DAB modules. In the proposed enhanced power control method, the output resistance of the DAB module is considered to be controllable, and the current-sharing mismatches among DAB modules are fed back to tune the converter output resistance for mitigating current mismatches between modules. Thanks to the proposed control method, each DAB module can operate autonomously and balance the charging current between modules. When one DAB module is suddenly cut out of the system, the other DAB modules still maintain their stability with fully guaranteed load capacity. To demonstrate the feasibility of the enhanced control approach, the small signal model of the DAB system with three modules is derived together with its frequency-amplitude diagram. Then, the effect of virtual resistance on current balancing is comprehensively tested, and the proper control signal with virtual resistance is added to the DAB voltage control loop. The simulation results have demonstrated the reliability of the proposed control method with the ability to balance the charging current between modules and stabilize the system when a single DAB module fails.