bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher mobility of butterflies than moths connected to habitat suitability and body size in a release experiment
Authors: Kuussaari Mikko , Saarinen Matias , Korpela Eeva‐Liisa , Pöyry Juha , Hyvönen Terho 
Published: September 2014

AbstractMobility is a key factor determining lepidopteran species responses to environmental change. However, direct multispecies comparisons of mobility are rare and empirical comparisons between butterflies and moths have not been previously conducted. Here, we compared mobility between butterflies and diurnal moths and studied species traits affecting butterfly mobility. We experimentally marked and released 2011 butterfly and 2367 moth individuals belonging to 32 and 28 species, respectively, in a 25 m × 25 m release area within an 11‐ha, 8‐year‐old set‐aside field. Distance moved and emigration rate from the release habitat were recorded by species. The release experiment produced directly comparable mobility data in 18 butterfly and 9 moth species with almost 500 individuals recaptured. Butterflies were found more mobile than geometroid moths in terms of both distance moved (mean 315 m vs. 63 m, respectively) and emigration rate (mean 54% vs. 17%, respectively). Release habitat suitability had a strong effect on emigration rate and distance moved, because butterflies tended to leave the set‐aside, if it was not suitable for breeding. In addition, emigration rate and distance moved increased significantly with increasing body size. When phylogenetic relatedness among species was included in the analyses, the significant effect of body size disappeared, but habitat suitability remained significant for distance moved. The higher mobility of butterflies than geometroid moths can largely be explained by morphological differences, as butterflies are more robust fliers. The important role of release habitat suitability in butterfly mobility was expected, but seems not to have been empirically documented before. The observed positive correlation between butterfly size and mobility is in agreement with our previous findings on butterfly colonization speed in a long‐term set‐aside experiment and recent meta‐analyses on butterfly mobility.
Prospective Electroluminescent Hybrid Materials
Authors: Petrova Olga B. , Avetisov Roman I. , Khomyakov Andew V. , Saifutyarov Rasim R. , Akkuzina Alina A. , Mozhevitina Elena N. , Zhukov Alexandr V. , Avetissov Igor Ch. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTris(8‐hydroxyquinoline)boron (Bq3) was synthesized by means of a high‐temperature substitution reaction. Mixtures of different Bq3 polymorphs were obtained and their spectral and structural properties were investigated. A comparison of organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) structures with Bq3 and Alq3 as emitting materials showed the prospective application of Bq3 as a blue‐light emitter. Thin‐film hybrid materials (HM) were made by vacuum thermal deposition. HM films were produced by layer‐by‐layer thermal vacuum sputtering of B2O3/Alq3/B2O3/MoO3/Al on a glass substrate with an indium tin oxide (ITO) conducting layer. The HM films were locally heated by a diode laser (785 nm). The pumping of 150 W cm–2 energy for one second resulted in an irreversible change in the HM film. Chromaticity coordinates for the as‐prepared and laser‐induced HM films showed a significant difference in their photoluminescent properties.
Fast Ewald summation for Stokesian particle suspensions
Authors: Af Klinteberg Ludvig , Tornberg Anna‐Karin 
Published: September 2014

SUMMARYWe present a numerical method for suspensions of spheroids of arbitrary aspect ratio, which sediment under gravity. The method is based on a periodized boundary integral formulation using the Stokes double layer potential. The resulting discrete system is solved iteratively using generalized minimal residual accelerated by the spectral Ewald method, which reduces the computational complexity to , where N is the number of points used to discretize the particle surfaces. We develop predictive error estimates, which can be used to optimize the choice of parameters in the Ewald summation. Numerical tests show that the method is well conditioned and provides good accuracy when validated against reference solutions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional Logistic Regression Approach to Detecting Gene by Longitudinal Environmental Exposure Interaction in a Case‐Control Study
Authors: Wei Peng , Tang Hongwei , Li Donghui 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTMost complex human diseases are likely the consequence of the joint actions of genetic and environmental factors. Identification of gene‐environment (G × E) interactions not only contributes to a better understanding of the disease mechanisms, but also improves disease risk prediction and targeted intervention. In contrast to the large number of genetic susceptibility loci discovered by genome‐wide association studies, there have been very few successes in identifying G × E interactions, which may be partly due to limited statistical power and inaccurately measured exposures. Although existing statistical methods only consider interactions between genes and static environmental exposures, many environmental/lifestyle factors, such as air pollution and diet, change over time, and cannot be accurately captured at one measurement time point or by simply categorizing into static exposure categories. There is a dearth of statistical methods for detecting gene by time‐varying environmental exposure interactions. Here, we propose a powerful functional logistic regression (FLR) approach to model the time‐varying effect of longitudinal environmental exposure and its interaction with genetic factors on disease risk. Capitalizing on the powerful functional data analysis framework, our proposed FLR model is capable of accommodating longitudinal exposures measured at irregular time points and contaminated by measurement errors, commonly encountered in observational studies. We use extensive simulations to show that the proposed method can control the Type I error and is more powerful than alternative ad hoc methods. We demonstrate the utility of this new method using data from a case‐control study of pancreatic cancer to identify the windows of vulnerability of lifetime body mass index on the risk of pancreatic cancer as well as genes that may modify this association.
Combined effect of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and BRAFV600E mutation status on aggressiveness in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Kim Su‐jin , Myong Jun Pyo , Jee Hyeon‐Gun , Chai Young Jun , Choi June Young , Min Hye Sook , Lee Kyu Eun , Youn Yeo‐Kyu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and BRAFV600E mutation status in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and to determine their combined association with tumor aggressiveness in PTC.MethodsA total of 1780 patients with PTC who underwent surgery were enrolled in this study. Simple and multiple analyses were performed to determine the association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the BRAFV600E mutation in PTC.ResultsHashimoto's thyroiditis was present in 11.5% of patients (204/1780) with PTC. Multiple logistic regressions showed that BRAFV600E (odds ratio [OR] = 0.493; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.360–0.678) and the female sex (OR = 7.146; 95% CI = 3.408–18.347) were independent factors associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in PTC. BRAFV600E mutation and the Hashimoto's thyroiditis–negative PTC group were associated with aggressive disease (OR = 3.069; 95% CI = 1.654–5.916).ConclusionHashimoto's thyroiditis was associated less frequently with BRAFV600E, and frequently with the female sex in patients with PTC. Hashimoto's thyroiditis and BRAFV600E status may help to predict clinical outcome of PTC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 95–101, 2016
Characterization and comparison of phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity and instrumental taste profile of juices from different botanical origins
Authors: Granato Daniel , Karnopp Ariadne Roberto , van Ruth Saskia M 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe European Union registered a consumption of about 10.7 billion litres of juices in 2011 and a great part of this amount is imported from other countries, which makes the monitoring of their quality essential. This work was aimed at mapping the quality of various juices from different botanical origins from instrumental taste, chemical marker and antioxidant capacity perspectives. It also characterized the individual phenolic composition of juices previously classified according to their antioxidant activity and total phenolic material level.RESULTSOverall, by using correlation analysis and chemometrics (HCA and PCA), data showed that total phenolics, specifically gallic acid, p‐coumaric acid, anthocyanins, flavanols and flavonols, are the main contributors to the antioxidant activity. Elderberry and pomegranate juices presented the highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity. On the other hand, orange, apple and cranberry juices had the lowest levels of total phenolics and flavonoids, DPPH and CUPRAC.CONCLUSIONThe use of chemometrics coupled to ANOVA seems to be a suitable approach to evaluate the quality of fruit juices from different botanical origins. Additionally, the instrumental taste profile correlated well with the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity, showing its potential application in assessing the functionality of juices. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of water stress on super‐high‐ density ‘Koroneiki’ olive oil quality
Authors: Dag Arnon , Naor Amos , Ben‐Gal Alon , Harlev Guy , Zipori Isaac , Schneider Doron , Birger Reuven , Peres Moti , Gal Yoni , Kerem Zohar 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDOver the last two decades, the area of cultivated super‐high‐density olive orchards has increased rapidly. Water stress is an important tool in super‐high‐density orchards to reduce tree growth and promote suitability for overhead mechanical harvesters. Little is known regarding the effect of water stress in super‐high‐density orchards on oil quality parameters. In this study the effect of irrigation rate on oil quality parameters was evaluated in a six‐year‐old super‐high‐density ‘Koreneiki’ olive orchard for five consecutive seasons. Five water status levels, determined by irrigating in order to maintain various midday stem water potential threshold values (−1.5, −2, −2.5, −3 and −4 MPa), were applied during the oil accumulation stage.RESULTSThe MUFA/PUFA ratio and free fatty acid content generally decreased as a function of increasing tree water stress. In most seasons a reduction in polyphenols was found with decreasing irrigation level. Peroxide value was not affected by the water stress level.CONCLUSIONThe present study demonstrates that limiting irrigation and exposure of olive trees to water stress in a super‐high‐density orchard lowers free fatty acid content and therefore benefits oil quality. However, the decreased MUFA/PUFA ratio and the reduction in polyphenol content that were also found under increased water stress negatively influence oil quality. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Experimental study on the optimization of general conditions for a free‐flow electrophoresis device with a thermoelectric cooler†
Authors: Yan Jian , Yang Cheng‐Zhang , Zhang Qiang , Liu Xiao‐Ping , Kong Fan‐Zhi , Cao Cheng‐Xi , Jin Xin‐Qiao 
Published: September 2014

With a given free‐flow electrophoresis device, reasonable conditions (electric field strength, carrier buffer conductivity, and flow rate) are crucial for an optimized separation. However, there has been no experimental study on how to choose reasonable general conditions for a free‐flow electrophoresis device with a thermoelectric cooler in view of Joule heat generation. Herein, comparative experiments were carried out to propose the selection procedure of general conditions in this study. The experimental results demonstrated that appropriate conditions were (i) <67 V/cm electric field strength; (ii) lower than 1.3 mS/cm carrier buffer conductivity (Tris‐HCl: 20 mM Tris was titrated by HCl to pH 8.0); and (iii) higher than 3.6 mL/min carrier buffer flow rate. Furthermore, under inappropriate conditions (e.g. 400 V voltage and 40 mM Tris‐HCl carrier buffer), the free‐flow electrophoresis separation would be destroyed by bubbles caused by more Joule heating. Additionally, a series of applications under the appropriate conditions were performed with samples of model dyes, proteins (bovine serum albumin, myoglobin, and cytochrome c), and cells (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The separation results showed that under the appropriate conditions, separation efficiency was obviously better than that in the previous experiments with randomly or empirically selected conditions.
Constitutive ERK1/2 activation contributes to production of double minute chromosomes in tumour cells
Authors: Sun Wenjing , Quan Chao , Huang Yun , Ji Wei , Yu Lisa , Li Xinxin , Zhang Yang , Zheng Zhibo , Zou Hongyan , Li Quanxiao , Xu Ping , Feng Yan , Li Li , Zhang Yunyan , Cui Yunfu , Jia Xueyuan , Meng Xiangning , Zhang Chunyu , Jin Yan , Bai Jing , Yu Jingcui , Yu Yang , Yang Jianhua , Fu Songbin 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDouble minute chromosomes (DMs) are extrachromosomal cytogenetic structures found in tumour cells. As hallmarks of gene amplification, DMs often carry oncogenes and drug‐resistance genes and play important roles in malignant tumour progression and drug resistance. The mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway is frequently dysregulated in human malignant tumours, which induces genomic instability, but it remains unclear whether a close relationship exists between MAPK signalling and DMs. In the present study, we focused on three major components of MAPK signalling, ERK1/2, JNK1/2/3 and p38, to investigate the relationship between MAPK and DM production in tumour cells. We found that the constitutive phosphorylation of ERK1/2, but not JNK1/2/3 and p38, was closely associated with DMs in tumour cells. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation in DM‐containing and ERK1/2 constitutively phosphorylated tumour cells was able to markedly decrease the number of DMs, as well as the degree of amplification and expression of DM‐carried genes. The mechanism was found to be an increasing tendency of DM DNA to break, become enveloped into micronuclei (MNs) and excluded from the tumour cells during the S/G2 phases of the cell cycle, events that accompanied the reversion of malignant behaviour. Our study reveals a linkage between ERK1/2 activation and DM stability in tumour cells. © 2014 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Outdoor characterization of amorphous silicon based photovoltaic modules with different structures
Authors: Mambrini Thomas , Migan‐Dubois Anne , Longeaud Christophe , Elyaakoubi Mustapha 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThree different amorphous silicon structures of PV modules were analyzed in outdoor condition during one month. The Staebler‐Wronski effect (or light induced degradation effect) is well known for the amorphous technology and depends strongly on the manufacturing process and its structure. Due to this effect, the amorphous PV modules loose performances compared to their initial characteristics. The behaviour, during and after the aging of different amorphous silicon PV module, is investigated and a new amorphous structure, less sensitive to the Staebler‐Wronski effect and with a better response under real conditions of use is exposed. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Silicon nanowires: synthesis, optical properties and applications
Authors: D'Andrea Cristiano , José Lo Faro Maria , Musumeci Paolo , Fazio Barbara , Iacona Fabio , Franzò Giorgia , Gucciardi Pietro , Vasi Cirino , Priolo Francesco , Irrera Alessia 
Published: September 2014

AbstractGroup‐IV semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are attracting the interest of a wide scientific community as building blocks for a wide range of future nanoscaled devices. We used metal‐assisted chemical etching of Si substrates to synthesize Si NWs with different length and nanometer‐size diameter. NWs obtained by this technique have exactly the same structure and doping of the substrate and present quantum confinement effects. Photoluminescence (PL) emission at room temperature from Si NWs is reported. We observed an increasing behaviour of the PL intensity as a function of the NWs length. The fabrication of light emitting devices based on Si NWs, showing electroluminescence emission at room temperature under low voltage excitation, is also reported. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Facial attractiveness
Authors: Little Anthony C. 
Published: September 2014

Facial attractiveness has important social consequences. Despite a widespread belief that beauty cannot be defined, in fact, there is considerable agreement across individuals and cultures on what is found attractive. By considering that attraction and mate choice are critical components of evolutionary selection, we can better understand the importance of beauty. There are many traits that are linked to facial attractiveness in humans and each may in some way impart benefits to individuals who act on their preferences. If a trait is reliably associated with some benefit to the perceiver, then we would expect individuals in a population to find that trait attractive. Such an approach has highlighted face traits such as age, health, symmetry, and averageness, which are proposed to be associated with benefits and so associated with facial attractiveness. This view may postulate that some traits will be universally attractive; however, this does not preclude variation. Indeed, it would be surprising if there existed a template of a perfect face that was not affected by experience, environment, context, or the specific needs of an individual. Research on facial attractiveness has documented how various face traits are associated with attractiveness and various factors that impact on an individual's judgments of facial attractiveness. Overall, facial attractiveness is complex, both in the number of traits that determine attraction and in the large number of factors that can alter attraction to particular faces. A fuller understanding of facial beauty will come with an understanding of how these various factors interact with each other.WIREs Cogn Sci2014, 5:621–634. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1316This article is categorized under:Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of CognitionPsychology > Emotion and MotivationPsychology > Perception and Psychophysics
Impact of Crystal Chemistry upon Spin Orientation Transitions in Magnetic Perovskites
Authors: Raveau Bernard , Motin Seikh Md. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe control of the spin orientation transitions in perovskites containing manganese, cobalt, iron, and chromium, based on crystal chemistry factors is reviewed. We describe herein the effect of the size and of the magnetic nature of the Ln3+ cations and of the doping and large substitutions at the octahedral sites. Spin blockade introduced by nanostructural effects and magnetic anisotropy induced by laser pulse application are also discussed.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Iron(III) Oxotellurate(IV) Phosphate Oxide Chloride Fe11(TeO3)2(TeO4)3(PO4)2O4Cl3
Authors: Zimmermann Iwan , Johnsson Mats 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe new compound Fe11(TeO3)2(TeO4)3(PO4)2O4Cl3 containing FeIII and TeIV crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with the unit cell parameters a = 20.5816(5) Å, b = 26.7506(6) Å, c = 5.03910(10) Å, β = 93.587(2)o, Z = 4. Single crystals were grown in sealed and evacuated silica tubes at 550 °C. The compound exhibits an open framework structure built from [FeO6], [FeO5Cl], [FeO4Cl], [PO4], [TeO3], and [TeO4] polyhedra. The TeIV atoms adopt a one sided asymmetric coordination due to the stereochemically active lone‐pair. The lone‐pairs together with the chloride ions are excluded from the covalently bonded space and protrude into cavities extending along [001]. Bond valence sum calculations confirm iron to be in its FeIII state and the chloride ions to be underbonded and act more as counterions than being fully integrated in the covalent network.
Ochratoxin production and taxonomy of the yellow aspergilli (Aspergillus section Circumdati)
Authors: Visagie C.M. , Varga J. , Houbraken J. , Meijer M. , Kocsubé S. , Yilmaz N. , Fotedar R. , Seifert K.A. , Frisvad J.C. , Samson R.A. 
Published: September 2014

Aspergillus section Circumdati or the Aspergillus ochraceus group, includes species with rough walled stipes, biseriate conidial heads, yellow to ochre conidia and sclerotia that do not turn black. Several species are able to produce mycotoxins including ochratoxins,
penicillic acids, and xanthomegnins. Some species also produce drug lead candidates such as the notoamides. A polyphasic approach was applied using morphological characters, extrolite data and partial calmodulin, β-tubulin and ITS sequences to examine the evolutionary relationships within
this section. Based on this approach the section Circumdati is revised and 27 species are accepted, introducing seven new species: A. occultus, A. pallidofulvus, A. pulvericola, A. salwaensis, A. sesamicola, A. subramanianii
and A. westlandensis. In addition we correctly apply the name A. fresenii (≡ A. sulphureus (nom. illeg.)). A guide for the identification of these 27 species is provided. These new species can be distinguished from others based on morphological
characters, sequence data and extrolite profiles. The previously described A. onikii and A. petrakii were found to be conspecific with A. ochraceus, whilst A. flocculosus is tentatively synonymised with A. ochraceopetaliformis, despite
extrolite differences between the two species. Based on the extrolite data, 13 species of section Circumdati produce large amounts of ochratoxin A: A. affinis, A. cretensis, A. fresenii, A. muricatus, A. occultus, A. ochraceopetaliformis
(A. flocculosus), A. ochraceus, A. pseudoelegans, A. pulvericola, A. roseoglobulosus, A. sclerotiorum, A. steynii and A. westerdijkiae. Seven additional species produce ochratoxin A inconsistently
and/or in trace amounts: A. melleus, A. ostianus, A. persii, A. salwaensis, A. sesamicola, A. subramanianii and A. westlandensis. The most important species regarding potential ochratoxin A contamination in
agricultural products are A. ochraceus, A. steynii and A. westerdijkiae.
Quantifying the Contribution of Sediment Compaction to late Holocene Salt-Marsh Sea-Level Reconstructions, North Carolina, USA
Authors: Brain Matthew J. , Kemp Andrew C. , Horton Benjamin P. , Culver Stephen J. , Parnell Andrew C. , Cahill Niamh 
Published: September 2014

AbstractSalt-marsh sediments provide accurate and precise reconstructions of late Holocene relative sea-level changes. However, compaction of salt-marsh stratigraphies can cause post-depositional lowering (PDL) of the samples used to reconstruct sea level, creating an estimation of former sea level that is too low and a rate of rise that is too great. We estimated the contribution of compaction to late Holocene sea-level trends reconstructed at Tump Point, North Carolina, USA. We used a geotechnical model that was empirically calibrated by performing tests on surface sediments from modern depositional environments analogous to those encountered in the sediment core. The model generated depth-specific estimates of PDL, allowing samples to be returned to their depositional altitudes. After removing an estimate of land-level change, error-in-variables changepoint analysis of the decompacted and original sea-level reconstructions identified three trends. Compaction did not generate artificial sea-level trends and cannot be invoked as a causal mechanism for the features in the Tump Point record. The maximum relative contribution of compaction to reconstructed sea-level change was 12%. The decompacted sea-level record shows 1.71 mm yr− 1 of rise since AD 1845.