bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1220 ‘Tech’ Towards a Greener Future-the Impact and Benefits of Outpatient Bladder Cancer Management Using Next Generation Scopes and Lasers
Authors: China Z , Syed H , Malhi G , Agrawal S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Aim
Bladder Cancer is the 11th most common cancer with 40,000 patients undergoing treatment per year within the UK in 2017. TURBT remains the gold standard, however a large subset of these patients such as low risk cancers, elderly, post BCG and anticoagulated patients. can be managed safely in an outpatient setting by incorporating next generation technology, transurethral laser ablation or resection (TULA). Outpatient management contributes to our National Get It Right First Time (GIRFT) and Greener NHS programs. The UK healthcare system accounts for4% of the UK’s carbon emission. With a net zero NHS Carbon aim by 2040, we evaluate the impact of our service towards these goals.

Method
A retrospective single centre data set from 2014-2021 was evaluated. Cost comparison of TULA and TURBT including Tariff, procedural times, theatre cost and bed savings was made.

Results
598 patients underwent 1246 TULA procedures with similar recurrence rates to risk matched groups. The NHS costs for TURBT is £1,608 and TULA £979. The average UK procedure times for is 90 minutes and 30 minutes for TURBT and TULA respectively with theatre hourly costs at £940 for TURBT and £108 for TULA. An average hospital bed costs £222 per night with TURBT having an average in-patient stay of 1.6 days and TULA 0. Potential savings were calculated as £1,689,576 for procedural cost and £442,330 for hospital bed cost. Furthermore, the overall reduction in the equipment uses, waste, drug use etc. contributed to a decrease in carbon footprint by 14%.

Conclusions
Outpatient based bladder cancer management using TULA is a novel change which simplifies care with multifaceted financial benefit to our health care system and contributes to a reduced carbon footprint.
Neoadjuvant 177Lu-DOTATATE for non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NEOLUPANET): multicentre phase II study
Authors: Partelli Stefano , Landoni Luca , Bartolomei Mirco , Zerbi Alessandro , Grana Chiara Maria , Boggi Ugo , Butturini Giovanni , Casadei Riccardo , Salvia Roberto , Falconi Massimo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Resection of non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NF-PanNETs) is curative in most patients. The potential benefits of neoadjuvant treatments have, however, never been explored. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of neoadjuvant 177Lu-labelled DOTA0-octreotate (177Lu-DOTATATE) followed by surgery in patients with NF-PanNETs.

Methods
NEOLUPANET was a multicentre, single-arm, phase II trial of patients with sporadic, resectable or potentially resectable NF-PanNETs at high-risk of recurrence; those with positive 68Ga-labelled DOTA PET were eligible. All patients were candidates for neoadjuvant 177Lu-DOTATATE followed by surgery. A sample size of 30 patients was calculated to test postoperative complication rates against predefined cut-offs. The primary endpoint was safety, reflected by postoperative morbidity and mortality within 90 days. Secondary endpoints included rate of objective radiological response and quality of life.

Results
From March 2020 to February 2023, 31 patients were enrolled, of whom 26 completed 4 cycles of 177Lu-DOTATATE. A partial radiological response was observed in 18 of 31 patients, and 13 patients had stable disease. Disease progression was not observed. Twenty-four R0 resections and 4 R1 resections were performed in 29 patients who underwent surgery. One tumour was unresectable owing to vascular involvement. There was no postoperative death. Postoperative complications occurred in 21 of 29 patients. Severe complications were observed in seven patients. Quality of life remained stable after 177Lu-DOTATATE and decreased after surgery.

Conclusion
Neoadjuvant treatment with 177Lu-DOTATATE is safe and effective for patients with NF-PanNETs.
Trans (on) YouTube: Localizing transnational narratives on two Polish trans YouTube channels
Authors: Chojnicka Joanna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article explores genres and narratives of gender transition on two Polish YouTube channels (forming one collective) to illustrate negotiations between transnational and local understandings, performances, and interpretations of (trans)gender identity. “Trans YouTube” is a valuable performative and discursive space, allowing (especially young) trans creators to maintain, present, and communicate the desired sense of self. The article explores multilingual and multimodal practices on Polish trans YouTube and discusses their role in localizing the transnational LGBTQ+ discourse within the local socio-cultural context. Applying the perspective of translation studies and exploring the role of translation (and non-translation) in localizing the transnational concepts of gender and sexuality makes it possible to trace the process of trans-creating the new language of the Polish trans community, a language that emphasizes trans social media users’ agency and is capable of expressing their individualized and localized gender transition experiences.
“[N]o branch, no leaf, no fruit”: Writing about Infertility and Assisted Reproduction in the Poetry of Monica Youn’s Blackacre (2016) and Allison Cobb’s Green-Wood (2010)
Authors: Smith Carrie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Barren, sterile, infertile. How does a female poet navigate these culturally inherited metaphors and descriptions of their bodies and experiences? This essay argues that the upswell in contemporary poetry exploring the many facets of infertility and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) demands consideration as a new strand of writing. This new strand creates new linguistic, poetic, and infertile subjectivities by adapting, challenging, rejecting, and co-opting inherited cultural linguistic tools. By examining how two contemporary female writers have explored the language and cultural symbolism of assisted reproduction in their poetry, this essay considers how their innovative and iconoclastic approaches to cultural and linguistic commonplaces ask us to reexamine our assumptions about the topic, ultimately arguing that it is precisely their interrogative process that defines the poetry itself.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of commensal Neisseria spp. in parents and their children in Belgium: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Abdellati Saïd , Gestels Zina , Laumen Jolein Gyonne Elise , Van Dijck Christophe , De Baetselier Irith , de Block Tessa , Van den Bossche Dorien , Vanbaelen Thibaut , Kanesaka Izumo , Manoharan-Basil Sheeba Santhini , Kenyon Chris 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background: commensal Neisseria species are part of the oropharyngeal microbiome and play an important role in nitrate reduction and protecting against colonization by pathogenic bacteria. They do, however, also serve as a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance. Little is known about the prevalence of these species in the general population, how this varies by age and how antimicrobial susceptibility varies between species. Methods: we assessed the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of commensal Neisseria species in the parents (n = 38) and children (n = 50) of 35 families in Belgium. Results: various commensal Neisseria (n = 5) could be isolated from the participants. Most abundant were N. subflava and N. mucosa. Neisseria subflava was detected in 77 of 88 (87.5%) individuals and N. mucosa in 64 of 88 (72.7%). Neisseria mucosa was more prevalent in children [41/50 (82%)] than parents [23/38 (60.5%); P &lt; .05], while N. bacilliformis was more prevalent in parents [7/36 (19.4%)] than children [2/50 (4%); P &lt; .05]. Neisseria bacilliformis had high ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs; median MIC 0.5 mg/l; IQR 0.38–0.75). The ceftriaxone MICs of all Neisseria isolates were higher in the parents than in the children. This could be explained by a higher prevalence of N. bacilliformis in the parents. Interpretation: the N. bacilliformis isolates had uniformly high ceftriaxone MICs which warrant further investigation.
Human identification through forensic skeletal analysis: three case reviews
Authors: Adserias-Garriga Joe , Feirstein Shelby , Bell Dakota , Skropits Hannah , Dirkmaat Dennis C 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Establishing a positive identification of human remains found in a forensic setting is often accomplished through DNA, fingerprints, or odontology. However, when these primary identifiers cannot be applied, practitioners can rely on combining points of concordance derived from other identification modalities such as antemortem trauma, pathology, or unique skeletal morphologies to build up a case for identification. In order to conduct these comparisons, forensic anthropologists must be well trained and experienced in human skeletal variation and antemortem trauma to properly evaluate a particular skeletal trait and understand its value with respect to personal identification. In addition to macroscopic analysis of skeletal features and standard radiographic images, recent forensic anthropological efforts of establishing personal identity from the skeleton have employed high-quality clinical imaging technologies. This article presents three forensic anthropological cases in which positive identification was established on the basis of multiple antemortem to postmortem comparison modalities that included skeletal variation, antemortem fracture morphologies, trabecular patterns, dental traits, and implanted surgical devices. These cases use a variety of imaging techniques, such as cranial radiographic images, dental radiographs, computed tomography, photography, and 3D surface scans of the skeletal remains, to achieve personal identification.

Key points
Sequence, Structure, and Functional Space of Drosophila De Novo Proteins
Authors: Middendorf Lasse , Ravi Iyengar Bharat , Eicholt Lars A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
During de novo emergence, new protein coding genes emerge from previously nongenic sequences. The de novo proteins they encode are dissimilar in composition and predicted biochemical properties to conserved proteins. However, functional de novo proteins indeed exist. Both identification of functional de novo proteins and their structural characterization are experimentally laborious. To identify functional and structured de novo proteins in silico, we applied recently developed machine learning based tools and found that most de novo proteins are indeed different from conserved proteins both in their structure and sequence. However, some de novo proteins are predicted to adopt known protein folds, participate in cellular reactions, and to form biomolecular condensates. Apart from broadening our understanding of de novo protein evolution, our study also provides a large set of testable hypotheses for focused experimental studies on structure and function of de novo proteins in Drosophila.
Defects in the central metabolism prevent thymineless death in Escherichia coli, while still allowing significant protein synthesis
Authors: Khan Sharik R , Kuzminov Andrei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Starvation of Escherichia coli thyA auxotrophs for the required thymine or thymidine leads to the cessation of DNA synthesis and, unexpectedly, to thymineless death (TLD). Previously, TLD-alleviating defects were identified by the candidate gene approach, for their contribution to replication initiation, fork repair, or SOS induction. However, no TLD-blocking mutations were ever found, suggesting a multifactorial nature of TLD. Since (until recently) no unbiased isolation of TLD suppressors was reported, we used enrichment after insertional mutagenesis to systematically isolate TLD suppressors. Our approach was validated by isolation of known TLD-alleviating mutants in recombinational repair. At the same time, and unexpectedly for the current TLD models, most of the isolated suppressors affected general metabolism, while the strongest suppressors impacted the central metabolism. Several temperature-sensitive (Ts) mutants in important/essential functions, like nadA, ribB, or coaA, almost completely suppressed TLD at 42°C. Since blocking protein synthesis completely by chloramphenicol prevents TLD, while reducing protein synthesis to 10% alleviates TLD only slightly, we measured the level of protein synthesis in these mutants at 42°C and found it to be 20–70% of the WT, not enough reduction to explain TLD prevention. We conclude that the isolated central metabolism mutants prevent TLD by affecting specific TLD-promoting functions.
Unveiling crucial amino acids in the carbohydrate recognition domain of a viral protein through a structural bioinformatic approach
Authors: Gamarra Marcelo D , Dieterle Maria Eugenia , Ortigosa Juan , Lannot Jorge O , Blanco Capurro Juan I , Di Paola Matias , Radusky Leandro , Duette Gabriel , Piuri Mariana , Modenutti Carlos P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) are protein domains that typically reside near catalytic domains, increasing substrate-protein proximity by constraining the conformational space of carbohydrates. Due to the flexibility and variability of glycans, the molecular details of how these protein regions recognize their target molecules are not always fully understood. Computational methods, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, have been employed to investigate lectin-carbohydrate interactions. In this study, we introduce a novel approach that integrates multiple computational techniques to identify the critical amino acids involved in the interaction between a CBM located at the tip of bacteriophage J-1’s tail and its carbohydrate counterparts. Our results highlight three amino acids that play a significant role in binding, a finding we confirmed through in vitro experiments. By presenting this approach, we offer an intriguing alternative for pinpointing amino acids that contribute to protein-sugar interactions, leading to a more thorough comprehension of the molecular determinants of protein-carbohydrate interactions.
Synergistic effects of quorum-sensing molecules and antimicrobials against Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Hacioglu Mayram , Yilmaz Fatima Nur , Yetke Hande Ipek , Haciosmanoglu-Aldogan Ebru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Candida albicans can form polymicrobial biofilms with other microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, at infection sites.

Objectives
As biofilms are highly resistant to antibiotics there is a need for new antibiofilm agents that have unique targets and modes of action.

Methods
In this study the antibiofilm effects of two quorum-sensing molecules (QSMs), farnesol and tyrosol, were investigated alone and in combination with antibiotics (aztreonam, colistin, tobramycin) and antifungals (fluconazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin), against single- and dual-species biofilms of C. albicans and P. aeruginosa in in vitro and in vivo systems.

Results
It was observed that QSMs alone, especially farnesol, showed at least a 1-log reduction against preformed single- and dual-species biofilms of C. albicans and P. aeruginosa. Combination of QSMs with colistin or fluconazole was found to be effective against both single- and dual-species biofilms in vitro. Increased survival was observed in C. elegans when treated with colistin or fluconazole in combination with QSMs, compared with no treatment. Additionally, the QSMs and colistin and farnesol combinations effectively inhibited biofilm formation by C. albicans and P. aeruginosa on bronchial epithelial cells, and reduced IL-1β expression in lung bronchial epithelial cells.

Conclusions
There is a need for effective treatments for bacterial-fungal biofilm infections and, to our knowledge, there have been no studies of QSMs and antimicrobial combinations against dual-species biofilms involving C. albicans and P. aeruginosa. Hence these findings will make a significant contribution to the literature.
The paradox of predictability provides a bridge between micro- and macroevolution
Authors: Tsuboi Masahito , Sztepanacz Jacqueline , De Lisle Stephen , Voje Kjetil L , Grabowski Mark , Hopkins Melanie J , Porto Arthur , Balk Meghan , Pontarp Mikael , Rossoni Daniela , Hildesheim Laura S , Horta-Lacueva Quentin J-B , Hohmann Niklas , Holstad Agnes , Lürig Moritz , Milocco Lisandro , Nilén Sofie , Passarotto Arianna , Svensson Erik I , Villegas Cristina , Winslott Erica , Liow Lee Hsiang , Hunt Gene , Love Alan C , Houle David 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The relationship between the evolutionary dynamics observed in contemporary populations (microevolution) and evolution on timescales of millions of years (macroevolution) has been a topic of considerable debate. Historically, this debate centers on inconsistencies between microevolutionary processes and macroevolutionary patterns. Here, we characterize a striking exception: emerging evidence indicates that standing variation in contemporary populations and macroevolutionary rates of phenotypic divergence is often positively correlated. This apparent consistency between micro- and macroevolution is paradoxical because it contradicts our previous understanding of phenotypic evolution and is so far unexplained. Here, we explore the prospects for bridging evolutionary timescales through an examination of this “paradox of predictability.” We begin by explaining why the divergence–variance correlation is a paradox, followed by data analysis to show that the correlation is a general phenomenon across a broad range of temporal scales, from a few generations to tens of millions of years. Then we review complementary approaches from quantitative genetics, comparative morphology, evo-devo, and paleontology to argue that they can help to address the paradox from the shared vantage point of recent work on evolvability. In conclusion, we recommend a methodological orientation that combines different kinds of short-term and long-term data using multiple analytical frameworks in an interdisciplinary research program. Such a program will increase our general understanding of how evolution works within and across timescales.
Gian Giacomo Poldi Pezzoli’s international network and models for a modern museum
Authors: Galli Lavinia Maddalena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Gian Giacomo Poldi Pezzoli (1822–1879) was one of the major Italian collectors of the second half of the nineteenth century. He set up a museum to show his collection in his native Milan, an art foundation that was the first private period-room museum in Europe. Here he brought together decorative arts and Old Masters from the Middle Ages to the eighteenth century in a display that was to inspire European and American collectors. His refined and up-to-date taste can be attributed to the remarkable international network of connoisseurs and antiquaries to which he belonged and the journeys he undertook, both of which this essay aims to trace.
The Emotional Labour of College Student Activism: An Interview-Based Study
Authors: Chen Cher Weixia , McCarron Graziella Pagliarulo , Owen Julie E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Activism inherently involves emotional engagement, often stemming from personal experiences, connections to the issue, or fuelled by emotions like anger, frustration, and a drive for positive social change. This article builds upon Hochschild’s concept of emotional labour, expanding its scope to encompass the emotional dimensions of activism among college students. We delve into the lived experiences of 67 college student activists in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA, uncovering the emotional impetuses driving their activism, the challenges of activist burnout resulting from their emotional labour, and the strategies employed to navigate its emotional toll. By analysing the emotional narratives shared by these student activists, this article seeks to contribute to the understanding of academics and practitioners by constructing a comprehensive framework that illuminates how emotions affect their activism toward effecting transformative social change.
Precise measurement of spatial coherence and axial brightness based on the Wigner function reconstruction in transmission electron microscopes with field emission guns and a thermionic emission gun
Authors: Hatanaka Shuhei , Yamasaki Jun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The spatial coherence and the axial brightness of a cold field emission gun, a Schottky field emission gun and a lanthanum hexaboride thermionic gun are precisely measured. By analyzing the Airy pattern from a selected area aperture, various parameters including the spatial coherence length are determined. Using the determined coherence length, the axial brightness of the field emission guns is estimated using the equation which we previously derived based on the discussion of the Wigner function of an electron beam. We also make some extensions in the method to be applicable to the measurements of the thermionic gun, which has anisotropic intensity distribution in most cases unlike the field emission guns. Not only conventional average brightness but also the axial brightness measured for the three kinds of emitters are compared accurately and precisely without being influenced by the measurement conditions.
Mindfulness-based group intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes: initial findings from a pilot and feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: Basch Molly , Lupini Francesca , Ho Sally , Dagnachew Mesgana , Gutierrez-Colina Ana M , Patterson Kelly Katherine , Shomaker Lauren , Streisand Randi , Vagadori Jack , Mackey Eleanor 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate feasibility/acceptability of a virtual, group mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) adapted for pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods
This two-way controlled trial randomized adolescents 1:1 to MBI (n = 20) or health education (HE; n = 22) groups lasting 6–7 weeks. Eligibility included 12–17 years, T1D ≥ 1 year, and elevated scores on PROMIS depression or anxiety measures. Recruitment, retention, and session attendance were tracked to measure feasibility. Acceptability was measured via youth-reported post-session surveys. Adolescents completed depression, anxiety, and diabetes-specific surveys at baseline, immediately post-program, and 3 months post-program completion. HbA1c values approximating these timeframes were obtained from chart review.

Results
55% of screened participants were eligible to participate, and 100% of eligible youth enrolled. There was 93% study retention and 96% session attendance rates. Survey data were 100% complete at baseline, and 93% complete at post-program and 3-month follow-ups; 83% and 78% of MBI participants rated sessions as at least somewhat enjoyable and helpful, respectively, and 91% and 82% of HE participants rated sessions as at least somewhat enjoyable and helpful, respectively. Mean scores showed declines in depression, anxiety, disordered eating, diabetes distress, and HbA1c in both groups across time, with trends toward potential greater reductions in depression and HbA1c in MBI.

Conclusions
This pilot provides preliminary evidence that virtual MBI and HE groups adapted for adolescents with T1D are feasible to deliver and acceptable, with potential improvement in psychosocial, behavioral, and diabetes-specific outcomes. Whether MBI is more effective for targeting negative affect and glycemic control in the context of adolescent T1D requires testing in a full-scale efficacy trial.