bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lines in the Sand: Geomorphic and Geospatial Characterization and Interpretation of Sandy Shorelines and Beaches
Authors: Paris Paul , Starek Michael J. , Hardin Eric , Kurum Onur , Overton Margery , Mitasova Helena 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe world's beaches hold an appeal that draws millions of people to live and, each year, millions more to relax and play. However, in the face of this allure fly the strain and consequence of overuse. Increasingly, the imperative to find ways to effectively manage this fragile, finite resource compels science to learn more about this complex, multifaceted system. It is through such understanding that the best hope for effective management lies. In this paper, we look at ways in which researchers study the shore. Specifically, we'll examine this active corner of geomorphology as seen through the lens of the geoscientist, with particular focus on two geomorphic features: the shoreline and the beach. Further emphasis is placed on how investigators have historically, and until today, applied concepts, tools, and methods borrowed from the spatial sciences and, in more recent times, geographic information technologies to the study of the shoreline and the beach. We begin this exploration with a first principal: the definition of shoreline—the boundary where land and water meet. Next, we examine ways in which researchers over the years have worked to generate a suitable shoreline analog or proxy for study. We then follow with a look at how shoreline position is measured—an area where much recent research attention has been placed. Taking matters a step further, we explore the beach, and beach change in three dimensions, looking at how investigators are using geospatial technologies to characterize and analyze change. Finally, we look at various ways in which researchers predict shore and beach changes, by combining spatial analysis and technology with numerical and statistical models. © 2012 The Author. Geography Compass © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Geographies of Policy Mobilities
Authors: Temenos Cristina , McCann Eugene 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis article reviews geographic literature on policy mobilities. It outlines the emergence of the policy mobilities, mutations, and assemblage approach, and the geographic, sociological, and political science literatures from which it draws its origins. Focusing attention on the interplay between the structuring fields of the policy transfer and the policy actors who are ultimately responsible for the construction, conceptualization, adoption, education around, and implementation of policies, this article charts work that has focused on the mechanisms through which policies are mobilized, altered, and touched down in various places and how these processes shape cities. It concludes with commentary on possible future directions, both empirical and conceptual, that the policy mobilities approach might take and note the various methodological contributions that are emerging from it.
Clinical evaluation of the periodontal health condition and oral health awareness in Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Pradeep Avani R. , Singh Sonender P. , Martande Santosh S. , Raju Arjun P. , Rustagi Tagya , Suke Deepak K. , Naik Savitha B. 
Published: May 2013

Objective and backgroundThe objectives were to compare periodontal status between subjects with and without Parkinson's disease (PKD) to determine the influence of PKD on periodontal disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of periodontal status with severity of PKD.Materials and methodsThis study was conducted on 45 subjects with PKD (subjects with PKD were divided into 5 groups from group 2 to group 6 according to Hoehn and Yahr stages) and 46 control subjects (group 1). Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) and percentage of bleeding sites (%BoP) were evaluated. All subjects were interviewed regarding their practice of oral hygiene and access to professional dental care.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in PD, CAL, GI, PI and %BoP in subjects with PKD and controls (p < 0.001). All the evaluated periodontal clinical parameters and indices deteriorate with increase in severity of PKD. The mean PD value increased from 2.75 mm for group 1 to 6.17 mm for group 6, and mean CAL value increased from 3.14 mm for group 1 to 6.74 mm for group 6. The mean GI, PI and %BoP values increased from 0.55, 1.35 and 20.37 to 2.66, 3.80 and 70.86, respectively with increasing severity of PKD.ConclusionThere is a need for dental care and encouragement to use plaque control methods for subjects with PKD as periodontal pathology presented a high prevalence even in the early stages of PKD.
Rounding Behavior in the Reporting of Headache Frequency Complicates Headache Chronification Research
Authors: Houle Timothy T. , Turner Dana P. , Houle Thomas A. , Smitherman Todd A. , Martin Vincent , Penzien Donald B. , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesTo characterize the extent of measurement error arising from rounding in headache frequency reporting (days per month) in a population sample of headache sufferers.BackgroundWhen reporting numerical health information, individuals tend to round their estimates. The tendency to round to the nearest 5 days when reporting headache frequency can distort distributions and engender unreliability in frequency estimates in both clinical and research contexts.MethodsThis secondary analysis of the 2005 American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention study survey characterized the population distribution of 30‐day headache frequency among community headache sufferers and determined the extent of numerical rounding (“heaping”) in self‐reported data. Headache frequency distributions (days per month) were examined using a simplified version of Wang and Heitjan's approach to heaping to estimate the probability that headache sufferers round to a multiple of 5 when providing frequency reports. Multiple imputation was used to estimate a theoretical “true” headache frequency.ResultsOf the 24,000 surveys, headache frequency data were available for 15,976 respondents diagnosed with migraine (68.6%), probable migraine (8.3%), or episodic tension‐type headache (10.0%); the remainder had other headache types. The mean number of headaches days/month was 3.7 (standard deviation = 5.6). Examination of the distribution of headache frequency reports revealed a disproportionate number of responses centered on multiples of 5 days. The odds that headache frequency was rounded to 5 increased by 24% with each 1‐day increase in headache frequency (odds ratio: 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.23 to 1.25), indicating that heaping occurs most commonly at higher headache frequencies. Women were more likely to round than men, and rounding decreased with increasing age and increased with symptoms of depression.ConclusionsBecause of the coarsening induced by rounding, caution should be used when distinguishing between episodic and chronic headache sufferers using self‐reported estimates of headache frequency. Unreliability in frequency estimates is of particular concern among individuals with high‐frequency (chronic) headache. Employing shorter recall intervals when assessing headache frequency, preferably using daily diaries, may improve accuracy and allow more precise estimation of chronic migraine onset and remission.
Updated National Multicenter Registry on Procedural Safety of Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: BERTAGLIA EMANUELE , STABILE GIUSEPPE , PAPPONE ALESSIA , THEMISTOCLAKIS SAKIS , TONDO CLAUDIO , SANCTIS VALERIO DE , SOLDATI EZIO , TRITTO MASSIMO , SOLIMENE FRANCESCO , GRIMALDI MASSIMO , ZOPPO FRANCO , PANDOZI CLAUDIO , AUGELLO GIUSEPPE , CALÒ LEONARDO , PAPPONE CARLO 
Published: May 2013

Safety of Catheter Ablation for Atrial FibrillationIntroductionDespite catheter ablation (CA) becoming an accepted treatment option for symptomatic, drug‐resistant atrial fibrillation (AF), safety of this procedure continues to be cause for concern. Aim of the present multicenter registry was to assess the incidence of early CA complications and detect their predictors in a contemporary, unselected AF populationMethods and ResultsFrom January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011, data from 2,323 consecutive patients who underwent CA (median age 60 [52–67]; 72.3% male) for AF in 29 Italian centers were collected. All major complications occurring to the patient from admission to 30th postprocedural day were recorded. No procedure‐related death was observed. Major complications occurred in 94 patients (4.0%): 50 patients (2.2%) suffered vascular access complications; 12 patients (0.5%) developed cardiac tamponade; 14 patients (0.6%) presented with pericarditis; 5 patients (0.2%) had transient ischemic attack; 4 patients had stroke; 3 patients (0.1%) had phrenic nerve paralysis; 3 patients (0.1%) had hemothorax. Other isolated but serious adverse events were documented in 3 patients (0.1%). Female gender (OR 2.643; 95% CI 1.686–4.143; P < 0.0001) and longer procedural duration (OR 2.195; 95% CI 1.388–3.473; P < 0.001) independently predicted a higher risk of complications.ConclusionMajor complications occurred in 4.0% of the CA procedures for AF, with vascular access complications being the most frequent events.
Stranger danger awareness in Williams syndrome
Authors: Riby D. M. , Kirk H. , Hanley M. , Riby L. M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe developmental disorder Williams syndrome (WS) is characterised by a distinctive cognitive profile and an intriguing social phenotype. Individuals with the disorder are often highly social engaging with familiar and unfamiliar people and once in an interaction they often show subtle abnormalities of social behaviour. Atypically increased approach to unfamiliar people is widely reported in the existing literature for both children and adults. Parents frequently report interactions with unfamiliar people as a major concern.MethodsIn this study we aimed to evaluate ‘stranger danger’ awareness using a video vignette task with individuals who had WS. When linked to other components of the WS phenotype (e.g. reduced intellectual ability, increased social approach) an awareness of stranger danger is particularly important.ResultsQualitative and quantitative data showed that young people with WS have difficulties making judgements about whether or not to trust and engage in conversation with unfamiliar people. Qualitative data showed that individuals with WS often suggested that they would engage in an interaction with an unfamiliar person.ConclusionsThe findings have substantial implications for the safety of young people with the disorder and emphasise the need for intervention regarding this behaviour.
Pregnancy coexisting with uterus didelphys with a blind hemivagina complicated by pyocolpos due to Pediococcus infection: A case report and review of the published reports
Authors: Park Tae Chul , Lee Hee Joong 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA woman in early pregnancy was referred due to severe pelvic pain. Vaginal examination showed a severely protruding left vaginal wall with severe tenderness. A transvaginal ultrasound showed a double uterus and a mixed echogenic mass next to the cervix of the left uterus. After creating an opening in the left vaginal wall and inserting a Foley catheter through the opening into the vaginal wall for drainage with antibiotic therapy, the patient's condition rapidly improved. A culture of the pus drained from the vaginal wall showed Pediococcus species. The patient delivered a healthy infant by cesarean section at term gestation without recurrence of pyocolpos. Ten months after delivery, resection of the vaginal septum was performed and the left cervix was exposed. Ultrasound revealed normal kidneys.
They Say Bad Things Come in Threes: How Economic, Political and Cultural Shifts Facilitated Contemporary Anti‐Immigration Activism in the United States
Authors: Ward Matthew 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper, first, provides an analysis of contemporary anti‐immigration activism in the United States, situating it historically and theoretically through an examination of nativism and vigilantism. Second, it merges insights from political process theory and structured ignorance theory to develop an historical account of three key preconditions that set the stage for and accelerated contemporary anti‐immigration activism. In so doing this paper addresses fundamental empirical and theoretical gaps in political process theory and demonstrates how structured ignorance theory can help us better understand how shifting structural conditions promoted contemporary anti‐immigration mobilization by generating perceptions conducive to conservative activism.
Unnatural Narratology: The Systematic Study of Anti‐Mimeticism
Authors: Alber Jan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractUnnatural narratology is a new field within narrative theory that seeks to focus on the anti‐mimeticism of many fictional narratives. In other words, the research program proposed by unnatural narrative theorists involves the systematic study of the various ways in which fictional narratives deviate from “natural” cognitive frames, i.e., real‐world understandings of time, space, and other human beings. In a second step, unnatural narratologists deal with the interpretative implications or potential functions of such deviations, i.e., the question of what the unnatural might mean or communicate to us. This article focuses on the cognitive branch within unnatural narratology.
A Simulacrum Account of Dispositional Properties
Authors: Nathan Marco J. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis essay presents a model‐theoretic account of dispositional properties, according to which dispositions are not ordinary properties of real entities; dispositions capture the behavior of abstract, idealized models. This account has several payoffs. First, it saves the simple conditional analysis of dispositions. Second, it preserves the general connection between dispositions and regularities, despite the fact that some dispositions are not grounded in actual regularities. Finally, it brings together the analysis and the explanation of dispositions under a unified framework.
Increased vapor pressure deficit due to higher temperature leads to greater transpiration and faster mortality during drought for tree seedlings common to the forest–grassland ecotone
Authors: Will Rodney E. , Wilson Stuart M. , Zou Chris B. , Hennessey Thomas C. 
Published: May 2013

Summary

Tree species growing along the forest–grassland ecotone are near the moisture limit of their range. Small increases in temperature can increase vapor pressure deficit (VPD) which may increase tree water use and potentially hasten mortality during severe drought.

We tested a 40% increase in VPD due to an increase in growing temperature from 30 to 33°C (constant dewpoint 21°C) on seedlings of 10 tree species common to the forest–grassland ecotone in the southern Great Plains, USA.

Measurement at 33 vs 30°C during reciprocal leaf gas exchange measurements, that is, measurement of all seedlings at both growing temperatures, increased transpiration for seedlings grown at 30°C by 40% and 20% for seedlings grown at 33°C. Higher initial transpiration of seedlings in the 33°C growing temperature treatment resulted in more negative xylem water potentials and fewer days until transpiration decreased after watering was withheld. The seedlings grown at 33°C died 13% (average 2 d) sooner than seedlings grown at 30°C during terminal drought.

If temperature and severity of droughts increase in the future, the forest–grassland ecotone could shift because low seedling survival rate may not sufficiently support forest regeneration and migration.
Cumulative response of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks to chronic CO2 exposure in a subtropical oak woodland
Authors: Hungate Bruce A. , Dijkstra Paul , Wu Zhuoting , Duval Benjamin D. , Day Frank P. , Johnson Dale W. , Megonigal J. Patrick , Brown Alisha L. P. , Garland Jay L. 
Published: May 2013

Summary

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) could alter the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content of ecosystems, yet the magnitude of these effects are not well known. We examined C and N budgets of a subtropical woodland after 11 yr of exposure to elevated CO2.

We used open‐top chambers to manipulate CO2 during regrowth after fire, and measured C, N and tracer 15N in ecosystem components throughout the experiment.

Elevated CO2 increased plant C and tended to increase plant N but did not significantly increase whole‐system C or N. Elevated CO2 increased soil microbial activity and labile soil C, but more slowly cycling soil C pools tended to decline. Recovery of a long‐term 15N tracer indicated that CO2 exposure increased N losses and altered N distribution, with no effect on N inputs.

Increased plant C accrual was accompanied by higher soil microbial activity and increased C losses from soil, yielding no statistically detectable effect of elevated CO2 on net ecosystem C uptake. These findings challenge the treatment of terrestrial ecosystems responses to elevated CO2 in current biogeochemical models, where the effect of elevated CO2 on ecosystem C balance is described as enhanced photosynthesis and plant growth with decomposition as a first‐order response.
The SPLIT Research Agenda 2013
Authors: Alonso Estella M. , Ng Vicky L. , Anand Ravinder , Anderson Christopher D. , Ekong Udeme D. , Fredericks Emily M. , Furuya Katryn N. , Gupta Nitika A. , Lerret Stacee M. , Sundaram Shikha , Tiao Greg ,   Studies of Pediatric Liver Transplantation (SPLIT) Research Group
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis review focuses on active clinical research in pediatric liver transplantation with special emphasis on areas that could benefit from studies utilizing the SPLIT infrastructure and data repository. Ideas were solicited by members of the SPLIT Research Committee and sections were drafted by members of the committee with expertise in those given areas. This review is intended to highlight priorities for clinical research that could successfully be conducted through the SPLIT collaborative and would have significant impact in pediatric liver transplantation.
Lacan and Social Psychology
Authors: Pavón‐Cuéllar David 
Published: May 2013

AbstractJacques Lacan kept silent on the topic of social psychology, never referring to it, not even to criticize it. But this has not impeded Lacanian theory from inspiring diverse critical approaches to social psychology. After reviewing these approaches, the article examines Lacan's different explicit positions with respect to psychology, the social and what he called psychology of the social field. This allows us to infer the implicit manner in which Lacan would establish his silent relationship with social psychology. On the basis of this relationship, we outline an original proposal for a Lacanian critical approach to social psychology that might lead to an alternative transindividual metapsychology. Our proposal precisely differs from others in that it attempts to consider and elucidate Lacan's own attitude regarding social psychology.
Formation of intracratonic basins by lithospheric shortening and phase changes: a case study from the ultra‐deep East Barents Sea basin
Authors: Gac Sébastien , Huismans Ritske S. , Simon Nina S. C. , Podladchikov Yuri Y. , Faleide Jan Inge 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe origin of large subsidence in intracratonic basins is still under debate. We propose a new and self‐consistent model for the formation of those basins, where lithospheric shortening/buckling triggers metamorphism and densification of crustal mafic heterogeneities. We use a forward thermo‐mechanical finite element technique to evaluate this mechanism for the typical example of the East Barents Sea basin (EBB) where a very large and compensated subsidence, accommodating an up to 20‐km‐thick sediment succession, is observed. The lower crust in the dynamic model is modelled with petrologic‐consistent densities for a wet mafic gabbroic composition that depend on pressure and temperature taking into account dehydration at high PT conditions. The model successfully explains the main characteristics of the EBB, notably the large anomalous and fast subsidence during the Late Permian–Early Triassic, its present‐day geometry and the absence of a significant gravity anomaly.
Seroprevalence of dengue in the general population of Hong Kong
Authors: Lo Constance LH , Yip Shea Ping , Leung Polly HM 
Published: May 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the extent of dengue virus exposure in the population.MethodsIn this seroepidemiological study, 685 blood samples were collected (from April 2007 to July 2009) from two subject groups: (i) 344 samples from anonymous blood donors of the Hong Kong Red Cross and (ii) 341 samples from healthy volunteers recruited from a university, a community centre and a hospital. Demographic information and travel history were collected for the second subject group. All blood samples were subjected to the PanBio Dengue IgG Indirect ELISA.ResultsAnti‐dengue virus IgG was detected in 1.6% of the blood samples. Individuals who visited countries in Southeast Asia in the past year were significantly associated with seropositivity (P = 0.03, OR 5.38, CI 1.13–25.54).ConclusionsThe overall dengue seroprevalence was 1.6%, and visit to Southeast Asia was the only independent predictor for seropositivity. Although the current situation is not alarming, frequent travel, presence of mosquito vector and emergence of local cases suggest that the risk of dengue virus infection within the local community cannot be overlooked, and continuous vigilance is warranted.
Reasons for exclusion of 6820 umbilical cord blood donations in a public cord blood bank
Authors: Wang Tso‐Fu , Wen Shu‐Hui , Yang Kuo‐Liang , Yang Shang‐Hsien , Yang Yun‐Fan , Chang Chu‐Yu , Wu Yi‐Feng , Chen Shu‐Huey 
Published: May 2013

BackgroundTo provide information for umbilical cord blood (UCB) banks to adopt optimal collection strategies and to make UCB banks operate efficiently, we investigated the reasons for exclusion of UCB units in a 3‐year recruitment period.Study Design and MethodsWe analyzed records of the reasons for exclusion of the potential UCB donation from 2004 to 2006 in the Tzu‐Chi Cord Blood Bank and compared the results over 3 years. We grouped these reasons for exclusion into five phases, before collection, during delivery, before processing, during processing, and after freezing according to the time sequence and analyzed the reasons at each phase.ResultsBetween 2004 and 2006, there were 10,685 deliveries with the intention of UCB donation. In total, 41.2% of the UCB units were considered eligible for transplantation. The exclusion rates were 93.1, 48.4, and 54.1% in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. We excluded 612 donations from women before their child birth, 133 UCB units during delivery, 80 units before processing, 5010 units during processing, and 421 units after freezing. There were 24 UCB units with unknown reasons of ineligibility. Low UCB weight and low cell count were the first two leading causes of exclusion (48.6 and 30.9%). The prevalence of artificial errors, holiday or transportation problem, low weight, and infant problems decreased year after year.ConclusionThe exclusion rate was high at the beginning of our study as in previous studies. Understanding the reasons for UCB exclusion may help to improve the efficiency of UCB banking programs in the future.