bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound for the detection of full-thickness rotator cuff tears: the learning curve for an orthopaedic surgeon using a novel training method
Authors: Iossifidis Anestis , Ibrahim Edward F , Petrou Charalambos 
Published: October 2014

Background The present study aims to add to the body of evidence delineating the learning curve for a shoulder surgeon to become proficient in focussed ultrasound for the detection of full-thickness rotator cuff tears, as well as to describe a learning method for this skill. Methods Consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo an arthroscopy for rotator cuff disease were scanned immediately before surgery by a senior shoulder surgeon with limited previous experience of shoulder ultrasound. The presence or absence of a full-thickness rotator cuff tear on scan was compared with intra-operative findings as the gold standard. Results Two hundred and ten shoulders were scanned over three equal learning periods. Comparing predictive values from the first to the third training period, sensitivity improved from 0.86 to 0.95, specificity from 0.92 to 0.98, negative predictive value from 0.94 to 0.98, and positive predictive value from 0.82 to 0.95. Conclusions The high predictive values obtained in the present study for surgeon-led detection of cuff tears using ultrasound are comparable with those quoted for musculoskeletal radiologists in the literature. The present study adds evidence that a shoulder surgeon can achieve accelerated learning of this skill and offers some potentially time-saving and patient-friendly alternatives to existing guidelines.
Outcomes for intra-substance free coracoid graft in patients with antero-inferior instability and glenoid bone loss in a population of high-risk athletes at a minimum follow-up of 2 years
Authors: Arianjam Afshin , Bell Simon N , Coghlan Jennifer , Old Jason , Sloan Roger 
Published: October 2014

Background The aim of this retrospective case series study was to assess the outcomes of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability with antero-inferior glenoid bone loss treated with a specific open stabilization technique using intra-substance coracoid bone-grafting and Bankart repair. Methods Over a 4-year period, 34 shoulders in all male patients of mean age 21 years were stabilized with this technique. Pre- and postoperative function, motion and stability were assessed as part of Rowe stability scoring, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Oxford Instability were recorded, with at least 2 years of follow-up in all patients. Union of the graft was determined by post-operative computed tomography (CT) of the affected shoulder. Results For all cases, two redislocations (5.9%) and two subluxations occurred when continuing high-risk sport after 2 years. Post-operative scores [median, mean (SD): Rowe 77.5, 77.2 (19.5); ASES 94.2, 92 (7.7); Oxford 43, 41.2 (6)]. CT scans on 28 shoulders at a mean of 4.5 months after surgery showed non-union in three cases (10%). Conclusions These results demonstrate a high rate of success in cases of glenoid bone loss in the young contact athlete with recurrent instability treated with open stabilization and bone grafting.
Improved outcome of adult Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia with rituximab and chemotherapy: report of a large prospective multicenter trial
Authors: Hoelzer Dieter , Walewski Jan , Döhner Hartmut , Viardot Andreas , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Spiekermann Karsten , Serve Hubert , Dührsen Ulrich , Hüttmann Andreas , Thiel Eckhard , Dengler Jolanta , Kneba Michael , Schaich Markus , Schmidt-Wolf Ingo G. H. , Beck Joachim , Hertenstein Bernd , Reichle Albrecht , Domanska-Czyz Katarzyna , Fietkau Rainer , Horst Heinz-August , Rieder Harald , Schwartz Stefan , Burmeister Thomas , Gökbuget Nicola 
Published: October 2014

Key Points
Largest prospective trial for adult Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia patients. Substantial cure rates and high treatment-realization rates in all age groups.
Identification of a juxtamembrane mechanosensitive domain in the platelet mechanosensor glycoprotein Ib-IX complex
Authors: Zhang Wei , Deng Wei , Zhou Liang , Xu Yan , Yang Wenjun , Liang Xin , Wang Yizhen , Kulman John D. , Zhang X. Frank , Li Renhao 
Published: October 2014

Key PointsPulling of VWF A1 domain that is engaged to GPIb-IX induces unfolding of a hitherto unidentified mechanosensitive domain in GPIbα. The spatial proximity of the mechanosensitive domain to GPIbβ and GPIX suggests a novel mechanism of platelet mechanosensing.
Early-onset lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity caused by germline STAT3 gain-of-function mutations
Authors: Milner Joshua D. , Vogel Tiphanie P. , Forbes Lisa , Ma Chi A. , Stray-Pedersen Asbjørg , Niemela Julie E. , Lyons Jonathan J. , Engelhardt Karin R. , Zhang Yu , Topcagic Nermina , Roberson Elisha D. O. , Matthews Helen , Verbsky James W. , Dasu Trivikram , Vargas-Hernandez Alexander , Varghese Nidhy , McClain Kenneth L. , Karam Lina B. , Nahmod Karen , Makedonas George , Mace Emily M. , Sorte Hanne S. , Perminow Gøri , Rao V. Koneti , O’Connell Michael P. , Price Susan , Su Helen C. , Butrick Morgan , McElwee Joshua , Hughes Jason D. , Willet Joseph , Swan David , Xu Yaobo , Santibanez-Koref Mauro , Slowik Voytek , Dinwiddie Darrell L. , Ciaccio Christina E. , Saunders Carol J. , Septer Seth , Kingsmore Stephen F. , White Andrew J. , Cant Andrew J. , Hambleton Sophie , Cooper Megan A. 
Published: October 2014

Key Points
Germline gain-of-function mutations in STAT3 lead to lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity with prominent cytopenias. Mutations in STAT3 cause altered regulatory T cells and cytokine signaling.
Sleep disordered breathing and enlargement of the right heart after myocardial infarction
Authors: Buchner Stefan , Eglseer Michael , Debl Kurt , Hetzenecker Andrea , Luchner Andreas , Husser Oliver , Stroszczynski Christian , Hamer Okka W. , Fellner Claudia , Zeman Florian , Pfeifer Michael , Arzt Michael 
Published: October 2014

Structural and functional integrity of the right heart is important in the prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objective of this study was to assess the impact of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) on structure and function of the right heart early after AMI.54 patients underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance 3–5 days and 12 weeks after AMI, and were stratified according to the presence of SDB, defined as an apnoea–hypopnoea index of ≥15 events·h−1.12 weeks after AMI, end-diastolic volume of the right ventricle had increased significantly in patients with SDB (n=27)versusthose without (n=25) (mean±sd14±23%versus0±17%, p=0.020). Multivariable linear regression analysis accounting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, left ventricular mass and left ventricular end-systolic volume showed that the apnoea–hypopnoea index was significantly associated with right ventricular end-diastolic volume (B-coefficient 0.315 (95% CI 0.013–0.617); p=0.041). From baseline to 12 weeks, right atrial diastolic area increased more in patients with SDB (2.9±3.7 cm2versus1.0±2.4 cm2, p=0.038; when adjusted for left ventricular end systolic volume, p=0.166).SDB diagnosed shortly after AMI predicts an increase of right ventricular end-diastolic volume and possibly right atrial area within the following 12 weeks. Thus, SDB may contribute to enlargement of the right heart after AMI.
Ventilator-associated respiratory infection following lung transplantation
Authors: Riera Jordi , Caralt Berta , López Iker , Augustin Salvador , Roman Antonio , Gavalda Joan , Rello Jordi ,   the Vall d’Hebron Lung Transplant Study Group
Published: October 2014

The medical records of 170 adult patients who underwent lung transplantation between January 2010 and December 2012 were reviewed to assess the incidence, causative organisms, risk factors and outcomes of post-operative pneumonia and tracheobronchitis.20 (12%) patients suffered 24 episodes of ventilator-associated pneumonia. The condition was associated with mean increases of 43 days in mechanical ventilation and of 35 days in hospital stay, and significantly higher hospital mortality (OR 9.0, 95% CI 3.2–25.1).Pseudomonas aeruginosa(eight out of 12 patients were multidrug-resistant) was the most common pathogen, followed byEnterobacteriaceae(one out of five patients produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases). Gastroparesis occurred in 55 (32%) patients and was significantly associated with pneumonia (OR 6.2, 95% CI 2.2–17.2). Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis was associated with a mean increase of 28 days in mechanical ventilation and 30.5 days in hospital stay, but was not associated with higher mortality (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.4–3.2).Pseudomonasaeruginosa(six out of 16 patients were multidrug resistant) was the most common pathogen, followed byEnterobacteriaceae(three out of 14 patients produced extended-spectrum β-lactamase). Patients with gastroparesis also had more episodes of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (40%versus12%, p<0.001).In conclusion, ventilator-associated pneumonia following lung transplantation increased mortality. Preventing gastroparesis probably decreases the risk of pneumonia and tracheobronchitis. Multidrug-resistant bacteria frequently cause post-lung-transplantation pneumonia and tracheobronchitis.
Effect of isoniazid on antigen-specific interferon-γ secretion in latent tuberculosis
Authors: Torres Martha , García-García Lourdes , Cruz-Hervert Pablo , Guio Heinner , Carranza Claudia , Ferreyra-Reyes Leticia , Canizales Sergio , Molina Susana , Ferreira-Guerrero Elizabeth , Téllez Norma , Montero-Campos Rogelio , Delgado-Sánchez Guadalupe , Mongua-Rodriguez Norma , Sifuentes-Osornio Jose , Ponce-de Leon Alfredo , Sada Eduardo , Young Douglas B. , Wilkinson Robert J. 
Published: October 2014

Treatment of persons with latent tuberculosis (TB) infection at greatest risk of reactivation is an important component of TB control and elimination strategies. Biomarkers evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of latent TB infection have not yet been identified. This information would enhance control efforts and assist the evaluation of new treatment regimes.We designed a two-group, two-arm, randomised clinical study of tuberculin skin test-positive participants: 26 with documented contact with TB patients and 34 with non-documented contact. Participants in each group were randomly assigned to the immediate- or deferred-isoniazid treatment arms. Assays ofin vitrointerferon (IFN)-γ secretion in response to recombinant Rv1737 and overlapping synthetic peptide pools from various groups of immunodominant proteins were performed.During isoniazid therapy, a significant increase from baseline in the proportion of IFN-γ responders to the 10-kDa culture filtrate protein, Rv2031, Rv0849, Rv1986, Rv2659c, Rv2693c and the recombinant Rv1737 protein was observed (p⩽0.05). The peptide pool of Rv0849 and Rv1737 recombinant proteins induced the highest percentage of IFN-γ responders after isoniazid therapy.Thein vitroIFN-γ responses to these proteins might represent useful markers to evaluate changes associated with treatment of latent TB infection.
Fixed point theorems on b-metric spaces for weak contractions with auxiliary functions
Authors: Ansari Arslan Hojat , Chandok Sumit , Ionescu Cristiana 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we obtain some fixed point results for generalized weakly contractive mappings with some auxiliary functions in the framework of b-metric spaces. The proved results generalize and extend the corresponding well-known results of the literature. Some examples are also provided in order to show that these results are more general than the well-known results existing in literature.

MSC:47H10, 54H25.
Prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients with small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Jiang Wenjing , Luan Linlin , Wang Lili , Zheng Xiangrong , Wang Gongchao 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 13% of all lung cancer cases. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 13% of all lung cancer cases. The purpose of the present article is to assess the role of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) by performing a systematic review of the randomized trials published in the literature.

Methods
Randomized controlled trials were identified that compared brain metastases incidence and overall survival between PCI and No PCI in patients with SCLC. Search strategies were limited to the English language and to articles published since 1997, and included: databases searched from 1997 to March 2013 –CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and CENTRAL. Methodological quality was assessed with the Jadad scale. The main end points were brain metastasis and survival.

Results
The review identified 5 trials, although few were of high quality. Two trials reported the one-year incidence of brain metastasis. PCI reduced the incidence of brain metastasis in one year, with a pooled relative risk of 0.45 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.58; P < 0.00001). Four trials described the one year survival rate. The combined result revealed a significant (P = 0.01) survival benefit in the group assigned to PCI as compared with the control group, with a pooled relative risk of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.97). Three trials reported the three-year survival rate. The combined result revealed a great significant (P < 0.00001) survival benefit in the PCI group as compared with the No PCI group, with a pooled relative risk of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.91). the Five-year survival rate was compared in four trials Compared with the No PCI group, the PCI group had a significant (P < 0.00001) survival benefit with a pooled relative risk of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88 to 0.95).

Conclusions
The present systematic review indicates that PCI decreases brain metastases incidence and that PCI improves survival in SCLC patients. Prophylactic cranial irradiation should be part of standard care for all patients with small-cell lung cancer who have a response to initial chemotherapy, and it should be part of the standard treatment in future studies involving these patients.
Clinical significance of mTOR, ZEB1, ROCK1 expression in lung tissues of pulmonary fibrosis patients
Authors: Park Jong Sun , Park Hyo Jin , Park Young Sik , Lee Sang-Min , Yim Jae-Joon , Yoo Chul-Gyu , Han Sung Koo , Kim Young Whan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease of unknown causes. Three proteins (mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR; zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1, ZEB1; Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1, ROCK1) may be related to pulmonary fibrosis. However, they have not been assessed in human pulmonary fibrosis. We assessed the clinical significance of mTOR, ZEB1, and ROCK1 expression in human pulmonary fibrosis of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern.

Methods
The mTOR, ZEB1, and ROCK1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of 30 surgical lung biopsy tissues from 26 IPF and 4 UIP pattern connective tissue disease related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) patients. The expression scores correlated with the clinical features.

Results
The mTOR, ZEB1 and ROCK1 mainly expressed in alveolar epithelial cells of UIP lungs. The histological fibrosis scores and lung function decline in the strong mTOR expression group were higher than those in the weak and intermediate expression group. Patients with positive ZEB1 expression had higher fibrosis scores and greater decline in carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) than patients with negative ZEB1 expression. Patients with positive mTOR or ZEB1 expression had poorer prognosis than that of patients with negative mTOR or ZEB1 expression, although it was not statistically significant. ROCK1 was not associated with the studied clinicopathological features.

Conclusions
The mTOR and ZEB1 expression in pulmonary fibrosis patients significantly correlated with the fibrosis score and lung function decline, indicating that it may be related to the prognosis of pulmonary fibrosis. Further studies involving large numbers of homogeneous IPF patients are warranted.
An impulsive prey-predator system with stage-structure and Holling II functional response
Authors: Ju Zhixiang , Shao Yuanfu , Kong Weili , Ma Xiangmin , Fang Xianjia 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Taking into account that individual organisms usually go through immature and mature stages, in this paper, we investigate the dynamics of an impulsive prey-predator system with a Holling II functional response and stage-structure. Applying the comparison theorem and some analysis techniques, the sufficient conditions of the global attractivity of a mature predator periodic solution and the permanence are investigated. Examples and numerical simulations are shown to verify the validity of our results.
The chemotaxis of M1 and M2 macrophages is regulated by different chemokines
Authors: Xuan Wenjuan , Qu Qing , Zheng Biao , Xiong Sidong , Fan Guo-Huang 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The homing of proinflammatory (M1) and the “alternatively activated” anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages plays a different role in the process of inflammation. Chemokines are the major mediators of macrophage chemotaxis, but how they differentially regulate M1 and M2 macrophages remains largely unclear. In the present study, we attempted to screen chemokines that differentially induce chemotaxis of M1 and M2 macrophages and to explore the underlying mechanism. Among the 41 chemokines that specifically bind to 20 chemokine receptors, CCL19, CCL21, CCL24, CCL25, CXCL8, CXCL10, and XCL2 specifically induced M1 macrophage chemotaxis, whereas CCL7 induced chemotaxis of both M1 and M2 macrophages. Whereas the differential effects of these chemokines on M1/M2 macrophage chemotaxis could be attributable to the predominant expression of their cognate receptors on the macrophage subsets, CCR7, the receptor for CCL19/CCL21, appeared to be an exception. Immunoblot analysis indicated an equivalent level of CCR7 in the whole cell lysate of M1 and M2 macrophages, but CCL19 and CCL21 only induced M1 macrophage chemotaxis. Both immunoblot and confocal microscopy analyses demonstrated that CCR7 was predominantly expressed on the cell surface of M1 but in the cytosol of M2 macrophages before ligand stimulation. As a result, CCL19 or CCL21 induced activation of both MEK1-ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT cascades in M1 but not in M2 macrophages. Intriguingly, CCL19/CCL21-mediated M1 macrophage chemotaxis was blocked by specific inhibition of PI3K rather than MEK1. Together, these findings suggest that recruitment of M1 and M2 macrophages is fine tuned by different chemokines with the involvement of specific signaling pathways.
Frequency of delirium and subsyndromal delirium in an adult acute hospital population
Authors: Meagher D. , O'Regan N. , Ryan D. , Connolly W. , Boland E. , O'Caoimhe R. , Clare J. , Mcfarland J. , Tighe S. , Leonard M. , Adamis D. , Trzepacz P. T. , Timmons S. 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundThe frequency of full syndromal and subsyndromal delirium is understudied.AimsWe conducted a point prevalence study in a general hospital.MethodPossible delirium identified by testing for inattention was evaluated regarding delirium status (full/subsyndromal delirium) using categorical (Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), DSM-IV) and dimensional (Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R98) scores) methods.ResultsIn total 162 of 311 patients (52%) screened positive for inattention. Delirium was diagnosed in 55 patients (17.7%) using DSM-IV, 52 (16.7%) using CAM and 58 (18.6%) using DRS-R98⩾12 with concordance for 38 (12.2%) individuals. Subsyndromal delirium was identified in 24 patients (7.7%) using a DRS-R98 score of 7–11 and 41 (13.2%) using 2/4 CAM criteria. Subsyndromal delirium with inattention (v. without) had greater disturbance of multiple delirium symptoms.ConclusionsThe point prevalence of delirium and subsyndromal delirium was 25%. There was modest concordance between DRS-R98, DSM-IV and CAM delirium diagnoses. Inattention should be central to subsyndromal delirium definitions.
Last wills and testaments in a large sample of suicide notes:
Implications for testamentary capacity
Authors: Sinyor Mark , Schaffer Ayal , Hull Ian , Peisah Carmelle , Shulman Kenneth 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundThe leaving of a will prior to death by suicide is a relatively
unexplored area.AimsTo determine the frequency and details of will content in suicide
notes.MethodCoroner records for 1565 deaths by suicide in Toronto (2003–2009) were
reviewed for (a) will content and (b) the presence of depression,
psychotic illness, dementia and intoxication prior to death.ResultsIn total, 59 (20.7%) of 285 available suicide notes were found to have
will content. Of those who left a will, 43 (72.9%) were reported to have
a major mood or psychotic disorder, but none had dementia. Fifteen of 19
toxicology samples showed alcohol, sedative hypnotic/benzodiazepine,
opioid and/or recreational drugs were present.ConclusionsA substantial minority of suicide notes may also include testamentary
intent. The observed high rate of mental illness and substance use around
the time of death has important clinical implications for understanding
the mindset of people who die by suicide and hence also legal
implications regarding testamentary capacity.
Relationship of suicide rates to economic variables in Europe: 2000–2011
Authors: Fountoulakis Konstantinos N. , Kawohl Wolfram , Theodorakis Pavlos N. , Kerkhof Ad J. F. M. , Navickas Alvydas , Höschl Cyril , Lecic-Tosevski Dusica , Sorel Eliot , Rancans Elmars , Palova Eva , Juckel Georg , Isacsson Goran , Jagodic Helena Korosec , Botezat-Antonescu Ileana , Warnke Ingeborg , Rybakowski Janusz , Azorin Jean Michel , Cookson John , Waddington John , Pregelj Peter , Demyttenaere Koen , Hranov Luchezar G. , Stevovic Lidija Injac , Pezawas Lucas , Adida Marc , Figuera Maria Luisa , Pompili Maurizio , Jakovljević Miro , Vichi Monica , Perugi Giulio , Andreassen Ole , Vukovic Olivera , Mavrogiorgou Paraskevi , Varnik Peeter , Bech Per , Dome Peter , Winkler Petr , Salokangas Raimo K. R. , From Tiina , Danileviciute Vita , Gonda Xenia , Rihmer Zoltan , Benhalima Jonas Forsman , Grady Anne , Leadholm Anne Katrine Kloster , Soendergaard Susan , Nordt Carlos , Lopez-Ibor Juan 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundIt is unclear whether there is a direct link between economic crises and changes in suicide rates.AimsThe Lopez-Ibor Foundation launched an initiative to study the possible impact of the economic crisis on European suicide rates.MethodData was gathered and analysed from 29 European countries and included the number of deaths by suicide in men and women, the unemployment rate, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, the annual economic growth rate and inflation.ResultsThere was a strong correlation between suicide rates and all economic indices except GPD per capita in men but only a correlation with unemployment in women. However, the increase in suicide rates occurred several months before the economic crisis emerged.ConclusionsOverall, this study confirms a general relationship between the economic environment and suicide rates; however, it does not support there being a clear causal relationship between the current economic crisis and an increase in the suicide rate.