bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular changes and physiological responses involved in migratory bird fuel management and stopover decisions
Authors: Bounas Anastasios , Talioura Artemis , Komini Chrysoula , Toli Elisavet‐Aspasia , Sotiropoulos Konstantinos , Barboutis Christos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMigratory birds undertake long journeys across continents to reach breeding habitats with abundant resources. These migrations are essential for their survival and are shaped by a complex interplay of physiological adaptations, behavioral cues, and gene expression patterns. Central to migration are stopovers, critical resting points where birds replenish energy stores before continuing their journey. In this study, we integrate physiological measurements, behavioral observations, and molecular data from temporarily caged migrating Garden Warblers (Sylvia borin) to gain insights into their stopover strategies and physiological adaptations after crossing the extended ecological barrier formed by the Sahara Desert and the Mediterranean Sea. Depleted individuals, marked by low body mass and flight muscle mass, showcased remarkable plasticity in recovering and rapidly rebuilding energy stores within a short 5‐day stopover. Flight muscle mass increased during this period, highlighting a dynamic trade‐off between muscle rebuilding and refuelling. Notably, birds prioritizing muscle rebuilding exhibited a trade‐off with the downregulation of genes related to lipid transport and metabolism and at the same time showing evidence of skeletal muscle angiogenesis. Early arrivals were more motivated to depart and exhibited higher levels of physiological stress. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the adaptive responses of birds to changing environmental conditions along their migration routes.
PDCL3 as a prognostic factor and associated with the VEGF signaling pathway in glioma
Authors: Yang Bo , Zheng Guangwei , Lu Feng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundNew targeted drugs about angiogenesis could develop the treatment of glioma. We aimed to explore the role of phosducin like 3 (PDCL3) in angiogenesis of glioma.Materials and MethodsRNA sequencing data and matched clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. To screen for the reliable genes with the filtering analyses, survival, multivariate Cox, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve filtration, and clinical correlation analyses were performed. The PDCL3 gene was validated by immunohistochemistry as a reliable gene for further analysis. Then we used the combined data of TCGA and Genotype‐Tissue Expression from UCSC to detect the differential gene expression of PDCL3. Related signal pathways in glioma were explored by the gene set enrichment analysis and co‐expression analysis. Lastly, we performed in vitro experiments to verify the gene functions and related mechanisms.ResultsThe three filtering analyses and immunostaining indicated that the expression of PDCL3 in glioma tissues was higher than the normal tissues. Gene function analysis showed that PDCL3 activated the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signal pathway, and its mechanism was related to pathways in cancer, like NOD like receptor signaling pathway, the RIG‐I like receptor signaling pathway and the P53 signaling pathway by MAPK/AKT in gliomas. This suggested that the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells might be inhibited by the downregulation of PDCL3 in vitro, which may be related to the activation of VEGF signaling pathway.ConclusionWe demonstrated that PDCL3 could function as an independent adverse prognostic marker in glioma. Its pro‐oncogenic mechanism may be related to the VEGF signaling pathway.
Application of Microfluidic Devices for Automated Two‐Step Radiolabeling of Antibodies
Authors: Jinda Hiroki , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Nakashima Kazuma , Ono Masahiro 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTRadioimmunoconjugates (RICs) composed of tumor‐targeting monoclonal antibodies and radionuclides have been developed for diagnostic and therapeutic application. A new radiolabeling method using microfluidic devices is expected to facilitate simpler and more rapid synthesis of RICs. In the microfluidic method, microfluidic chips can promote the reaction between reactants by mixing them efficiently, and pumping systems enable automated synthesis. In this study, we synthesized RICs by the pre‐labeling method, in which the radiometal is coordinated to the chelator and then the radiolabeled chelator is incorporated into the antibodies, using microfluidic devices for the first time. As a result of examining the reaction parameters including the material of mixing units, reaction temperature, and flow rate, RICs with radiochemical purity (RCP) exceeding 90% were obtained. These high‐purity RICs were successfully synthesized without any purification simply by pumping three solutions of a chelating agent, radiometal, and antibody into microfluidic devices. Under the same conditions, the RCP of RICs labeled by conventional methods was below 50%. These findings indicate the utility of microfluidic devices for automatic and rapid synthesis of high‐quality RICs.
Dietary habits in Italian children with inflammatory bowel disease: A case‐control multicenter study
Authors: Gatti Simona , Vallorani Martina , Quattrini Sara , Aloi Marina , Bramuzzo Matteo , Felici Enrico , Zuin Giovanna , Catassi Giulia Naspi , Grazian Federica , Ciacchini Benedetta , Panceri Roberto , Catassi Carlo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) tend to self‐modify their dietary habits according to disease activity and symptoms. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of the usual diet in Italian children with IBD in comparison to a control group and to the recommended dietary allowances (RDA).MethodsDietary habits of IBD children and age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls were investigated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire in five Italian pediatric IBD centers. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was assessed using the KID‐MED test. Energy (EI), macro, and micronutrients intakes were compared between the two groups, to the RDA and the predicted total energy expenditure (EI/total energy expenditure [TEE]%).ResultsIBD subjects (n = 110) reported a lower EI, EI/RDA%, and EI/TEE% compared to controls (n = 110) (p = 0.012, p < 0.0002, and p = 0.014), lower total protein and fat intakes (p = 0.017, p < 0.0001) and lower minerals/RDA, vitamins/RDA and micronutrients/RDA ratio (%). Poor adherence to the MD was more frequent in IBD children compared to controls (p = 0.013). The total EI and carbohydrate intake were inversely correlated with higher disease activity.ConclusionsItalian children with IBD report an inadequate diet in terms of energy, macro, and micronutrients and have a low adherence to a high‐quality MD pattern.
Effects of an essential oil blend rich in cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol on rumen biohydrogenation and fatty acid profile in the longissimus lumborum of growing lambs
Authors: Ma Zhiyuan , Meng Yarong , Li Fei , Ungerfeld Emilio , Lv Jirong , Liu Baocang , Li Shirong , Wang Xinji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDEssential oils extracted from cinnamon bark and oregano are rich in cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol and show potential for promoting animal performance. However, their impact on rumen biohydrogenation and the fatty acid composition of meat has not been reported. The hypothesis of this study was that a blend of essential oils rich in cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol would inhibit rumen biohydrogenation and promote the accumulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in lamb meat. The present study evaluated the effect of a blend essential oil (EO) rich in cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol on the nutrient digestibility, rumen biohydrogenation, growth performance, and fatty acid profile of the longissimus lumborum of lambs.RESULTSSixty male lambs with an average age of 84 ± 0.98 days and initial body mass of 25.4 ± 0.29 kg (mean ± standard deviation) were assigned randomly to four diets, and supplemented with 0 (EO0), 30 (EO30), 60 (EO60), and 120 (EO120) mg kg−1 dry matter of EO for 60 days. Although dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility all showed a linear decrease (P ≤ 0.02) with increasing quantities of EO, final body mass and average daily gain increased linearly (P = 0.04), and average daily weight gain (ADG)/dry matter intake (DMI) tended to increase linearly (P = 0.07). Increasing EO supplementation resulted in a linear decrease in total volatile fatty acid concentration, acetate molar percentage, and acetate‐to‐propionate ratio (P ≤ 0.03), with the EO120 treatment being lower than the other EO treatments (P ≤ 0.05). Seven lambs from the EO120 treatment and seven lambs from the EO0 treatment were randomly slaughtered. It was observed that the proportions of C18:2n6c and PUFA in longissimus lumborum were higher in the EO120 treatment than the EO0 treatment (P ≤ 0.05). The relative abundance of Firmicutes in the rumen was decreased by the EO120 treatment in comparison with the EO0 treatment (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the predicted relative abundances of genes encoding for conjugated linoleic acid reductase tended to decrease with the EO120 treatment (P = 0.06).CONCLUSIONSWe demonstrated that supplementation of the EO blend rich in cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol can enhance lamb growth performance and promote the deposition of desirable PUFAs in meat. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of transformative tourism activity on the mitigation of menopause symptoms and life satisfaction
Authors: Kim Bomi Hazel , Kim Haeok Liz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to determine whether five tourism activities have an impact on menopausal symptom relief and life satisfaction. This study surveyed 278 menopausal women experiencing menopausal symptoms, and after excluding two nonresponses, 276 responses were used in the final analysis. This study used confirmatory factor analysis to verify the validity of the measurement instruments and the fit of the research model. The results provided empirical evidence that cultural tourism, wellness tourism, sports tourism, and shopping tourism, except food tourism, have a positive impact on menopausal symptom relief and life satisfaction. This study successfully established a meaningful conceptual framework to understand the tourism activities that can lead to menopausal symptom relief and life satisfaction among menopausal women, beyond the existing literature that has only been studied in the field of leisure studies for middle‐aged and older adults.
Long‐Term Outcomes of Pediatric Laryngeal Reinnervation
Authors: Schuman Ari D. , Calderara Gianmarco A. , Hanif Aila , Hollas Sarah , Ongkasuwan Julina 
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVEPediatric nonselective laryngeal reinnervation (NSLR) has gained popularity in recent years; however, long‐term outcomes have not been reported.METHODSPatients greater than 1 year post reinnervation were recruited. Families were asked to report Pediatric Voice‐Related Quality of Life (PVRQOL) and provide an audio recording of connected speech. PVRQOL and voice measures were compared with preoperative and early postoperative outcomes (<12 months) using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and post hoc tests for linear trend.RESULTSSixty‐six patient families were contacted. Twelve patients responded with PVRQOL; six (50%) were female. Median age at surgery was 6.4 (range 1.9–15) and at follow‐up 13.5 (range 10–18), with a median of 6.8 years (range 3–9.1) since surgery at follow‐up. Mean preoperative PVRQOL was 68.1 (95% CI 52.3–84.0), early postoperative 86.5 (73.2–99.7), and long‐term 90 (82.7–97.3). ANOVA showed no significant difference between values (p = 0.1228), but post hoc testing showed improving outcomes over time (p‐for‐trend 0.0304). PVRQOL was stable between early postoperative and long‐term values (p = 0.3399).Four voice samples were adequate for analysis. Mean preoperative cepstral peak prominence (CPP) was 5.2 (95% CI 3.4–7.0), early postoperative 8.5 (5.5–11.5), and long‐term 6.8 (2.77–10.89, p = 0.3340, p‐for‐trend 0.2988) Low‐to‐high spectral ratio was 22.3 preoperatively (14.0–30.5), 23.0 early postoperative (17.4–28.7), and 28.8 long‐term (17.4–40.2, p = 0.1174, p‐for‐trend 0.0364). Cepstral spectral index of dysphonia (CSID) was 83.0 preoperatively (44.1–121.8), 39.4 early postoperative (20.4–58.3), and 45.53 long‐term (−0.05–91.1, p = 0.4457, p‐for‐trend 0.1464).CONCLUSIONSYears after NSLR, PVRQOL, low‐to‐high spectral ratio, and CSID show no evidence of degradation over time.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:5006–5009, 2024
The predictive value of TyG and lipid ratios on the development of complications and hyperuricemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhou Kai‐fan , Tao Guo‐dong , Wei Bin , Lu Yu‐wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInvestigate the predictive value of TyG and lipid ratios on the development of complications and HUA in patients with T2DM. A retrospective cross‐sectional study involving 9488 T2DM patients was conducted. They were divided into HUA and NUA group base on SUA level and divided into with and without complications groups according to the diagnosis of the endocrinologist. Necessary information and biochemical parameters were recorded during outpatient visit. TyG index and lipid ratios were calculated, and statistical analysis was carried out to correlate the calculated values and HUA using SPSS version 26.0 for Windows. TyG and lipid ratios were significantly higher in T2DM with HUA or with complications than those with NUA or without complications (p < 0.05). Regression analysis adjusting for confounding factors found TyG (adjusted OR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.31–1.82; p < 0.05), TG/HDL‐C (adjusted OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04–1.40; p < 0.05) and TC/HDL (adjusted OR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.17–1.57; p < 0.05) was risk factor of HUA in T2DM patients. TyG (adjusted OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02–1.44; p < 0.05), TG/HDL (adjusted OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03–1.38; p < 0.05) and Apo A/Apo B (adjusted OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.26–1.58; p < 0.05) was risk factor of complications in T2DM patients. TyG, TG/HDL‐C, and TC/HDL can be used as early sensitive target in the occurrence of HUA in T2DM patients and TyG was the most influential risk factor. TyG, TG/HDL‐C, and Apo A/Apo B can be used as early sensitive target in the occurrence of complications in T2DM patients and Apo A/Apo B was the most influential risk factor.
Additive Manufacturing of Composite Materials and Functionally Graded Structures Using Archerfish Hunting Technique
Authors: Prakash B. Vijaya , Koushik Nitish , Jha Sanjay Kumar , Ramasamy Karuppasamy 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes an optimisation method for fabricating composite materials and functionally graded structures. Using the proposed method, 3D printing of copper (Cu)–polyethylene (PE) composite, Al2O3–ZrO2 ceramic composite and functionally graded CuO foams are utilised. This work aims to advance the capabilities of additive manufacturing by leveraging nature‐inspired approaches to create complex, tailored structures with enhanced performance across various industries. The major objective of the proposed method is to reduce the feed rate and increase the airflow rate and airflow temperature for the heat transfer process. Using the proposed technique in the advanced preparation conditions, Cu–PE composites with unreliable Cu substances are fabricated. The PE binder particle is melting as well as forming thick composites by means of soft surfaces. Using the proposed AHO approach, functionally graded materials with common distributions can be efficiently optimised. By then, the proposed model is implemented on the MATLAB platform, and its execution is calculated using the current procedures. The proposed technique displays superior outcomes in all existing methods like wild horse optimiser, particle swarm optimisation and heap‐based optimiser. The proposed method shows a throughput of 57 mm3. The existing method shows the throughput of 32, 27 and 45 mm3. The results show that the proposed method has higher throughput compared with existing methods.
New functions of pirin proteins and a 2‐ketoglutarate: Ferredoxin oxidoreductase ortholog in Bacteroides fragilis metabolism and their impact on antimicrobial susceptibility to metronidazole and amixicile
Authors: Gough Andrea M. , Parker Anita C. , O'Bryan Patricia J. , Whitehead Terence R. , Roy Sourav , Garcia Brandon L. , Hoffman Paul S. , Jeffrey Smith C. , Rocha Edson R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe understanding of how central metabolism and fermentation pathways regulate antimicrobial susceptibility in the anaerobic pathogen Bacteroides fragilis is still incomplete. Our study reveals that B. fragilis encodes two iron‐dependent, redox‐sensitive regulatory pirin protein genes, pir1 and pir2. The mRNA expression of these genes increases when exposed to oxygen and during growth in iron‐limiting conditions. These proteins, Pir1 and Pir2, influence the production of short‐chain fatty acids and modify the susceptibility to metronidazole and amixicile, a new inhibitor of pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase in anaerobes. We have demonstrated that Pir1 and Pir2 interact directly with this oxidoreductase, as confirmed by two‐hybrid system assays. Furthermore, structural analysis using AlphaFold2 predicts that Pir1 and Pir2 interact stably with several central metabolism enzymes, including the 2‐ketoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductases Kor1AB and Kor2CDAEBG. We used a series of metabolic mutants and electron transport chain inhibitors to demonstrate the extensive impact of bacterial metabolism on metronidazole and amixicile susceptibility. We also show that amixicile is an effective antimicrobial against B. fragilis in an experimental model of intra‐abdominal infection. Our investigation led to the discovery that the kor2AEBG genes are essential for growth and have dual functions, including the formation of 2‐ketoglutarate via the reverse TCA cycle. However, the metabolic activity that bypasses the function of Kor2AEBG following the addition of phospholipids or fatty acids remains undefined. Overall, our study provides new insights into the central metabolism of B. fragilis and its regulation by pirin proteins, which could be exploited for the development of new narrow‐spectrum antimicrobials in the future.
Nitrogen sources in donor human milk: True protein, nonprotein nitrogen, and amino acid profile
Authors: Stansfield Brian K. , Gates Amy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDevices measuring the macronutrient content of human milk are commonly used to assist with clinical decision‐making. It is unknown if these devices accurately measure protein content in donor human milk (DHM). Our objective is to quantify the nitrogen sources and protein content in commercial DHM.MethodsThe total nitrogen content (Dumas method) and nonprotein nitrogen content (Kjeldahl method) was measured in triplicate from six commercial DHM samples with protein content noted on the labels. In addition, the amino acid content was measured in 15 commercial DHM samples and protein content in each sample was calculated. The calculated protein content for each DHM sample was compared for consistency.ResultsThe nonprotein nitrogen content in DHM was consistently higher (0.33 ± 0.05 g/g) than previous reports, leading to overreporting of protein content on DHM labels by a median value of 0.15 g/dl (range 0.02–0.23 g/dl). Similarly, calculation of the protein content from the total nitrogen content with an assumption of 20% (grams per gram) nonprotein nitrogen consistently overrepresented the protein content as determined from the amino acid profile for DHM.ConclusionCommon methods for assessing the macronutrient content of human milk may overestimate the protein content of DHM.
Accurate bidiagonal decompositions of Cauchy–Vandermonde matrices of any rank
Authors: Delgado Jorge , Koev Plamen , Marco Ana , Martínez José‐Javier , Peña Juan Manuel , Persson Per‐Olof , Spasov Steven 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe present a new decomposition of a Cauchy–Vandermonde matrix as a product of bidiagonal matrices which, unlike its existing bidiagonal decompositions, is now valid for a matrix of any rank. The new decompositions are insusceptible to the phenomenon known as subtractive cancellation in floating point arithmetic and are thus computable to high relative accuracy. In turn, other accurate matrix computations are also possible with these matrices, such as eigenvalue computation amongst others.
Activating the Vā: Performance, Academia and the Sublime — Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania (ASAO) 2023 Distinguished Lecture
Authors: Hereniko Vilsoni 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe concept of vā in various Oceanic cultures came into academic discourse among Pacific Islands scholars in the mid‐1990s, but it was not until covid became a global pandemic and an academic conference focusing solely on the vā took place in 2021 that the concept became a focus of my interest. This is partly because certain rules of behavior such as ‘social distancing’ drew attention to the importance of the ‘space between’ individuals as well as the space between humans and the natural world. What exactly does vā mean and why is it so important to understand its potential? How does the concept of vā apply to culture in relation to performance, specifically the genre of dance? What about academic writing, which does not exist in a three‐dimensional space? As a creative artist and scholar, I am interested in how to activate the vā in both arenas so that the quality of the outcome that results from this activation is elevated to the level of the sublime.
Current Demography and Treatment Strategy of Vestibular Migraine in Neurotologic Perspective
Authors: Lin Kuei‐You , Rauch Steven D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to describe the demographic features of vestibular migraine (VM) compared to other common peripheral vestibulopathies, and to assess the efficacy of trigger management as primary VM treatment.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingTertiary referral medical center.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed of patients presenting with dizziness in a tertiary neurotology clinic. Among the newly diagnosed dizzy patients, those with a diagnosis of either VM, Ménière's disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, or vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitis were selected for comparisons of the disease demographics. VM patients with multiple clinic visits in the study period were included for the treatment strategy analysis.ResultsA total of 1285 patients met the study inclusion criteria. In the newly diagnosed dizzy group comprising 814 patients, VM patients accounted for the largest (25%) and youngest (mean age 47 years) cohort, showing an obvious female preponderance of approximately 3.3:1. Furthermore, prevalence of VM declined significantly with advancing age, from 69%, to 34%, to 11%, in age groups of ≤30, 31 to 60, and >60 years, respectively. Trigger management, when employed as the primary VM first‐year treatment, was effective for both sexes. Notably, it was more effective for women aged over than under 45 years.ConclusionIn our tertiary referral neurotologic center, VM was the most common diagnosis in newly diagnosed dizzy patients aged under 60 years, especially in women. For primary VM treatment, trigger management is an effective option deserving consideration.