bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevention and management of radiotherapy-related toxicities in gynecological malignancies. Position paper on behalf of AIRO (Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology)
Authors: Perrucci Elisabetta , Macchia Gabriella , Cerrotta Annamaria , Andrulli Angela Damiana , Autorino Rosa , Barcellini Amelia , Campitelli Maura , Corrao Giulia , Costantini Sara , De Sanctis Vitaliana , Di Muzio Jacopo , Epifani Valeria , Ferrazza Patrizia , Fodor Andrei , Garibaldi Elisabetta , Laliscia Concetta , Lazzari Roberta , Magri Elena , Mariucci Cristina , Pace Maria Paola , Pappalardi Brigida , Pastorino Alice , Piccolo Federica , Scoglio Claudio , Surgo Alessia , Titone Francesca , Tortoreto Francesca , De Felice Francesca , Aristei Cynthia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMulti-modal therapies for gynecological cancers management may determine a wide range of side effects which depend on therapy-related factors and patient characteristics and comorbidities. Curative or adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy is linked with acute and late toxicity due to irradiation of organs at risk, as small and large bowel, rectum, bladder, pelvic bone, vagina and bone marrow. Successful toxicity management varies with its severity, Radiation Centre practice and experience and skills of radiation oncologists. This position paper was designed by the Italian Association of Radiation and Clinical Oncology Gynecology Study Group to provide radiation oncologists with evidence-based strategies to prevent and manage acute and late toxicities and follow-up recommendations for gynecological cancer patients submitted radiotherapy. Six workgroups of radiation oncologists with over 5 years of experience in gynecologic cancers were setup to investigate radiotherapy-related toxicities. For each topic, PubMed database was searched for relevant English language papers from January 2005 to December 2022. Titles and abstracts of results were checked to verify suitability for the document. Reference lists of selected studies and review papers were added if pertinent. Data on incidence, etiopathogenesis, prevention, treatment and follow-up of acute and late side effects for each organ at risk are presented and discussed.
Tailoring Deformation Homogeneity of WE43 Alloy through Strain Rate Sensitivity and Back Pressure during Equal Channel Angular Pressing
Authors: Daghigh Milad , Mohri Maryam , Nili-ahmadabadi Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEqual channel angular pressing (ECAP) of the magnesium alloys at room temperature owing to their limited workability is challenging. Successful ECAP processing of WE43 magnesium faces two main difficulties, heterogeneous distribution of the strain rate and also tensile strain accommodation on the top surface of the workpiece, leading to catastrophic segmentation of the alloy. In this paper, strain rate sensitivity (SRS) was studied to adopt a proper preprocessing of the material before ECAP processing. The SRS exponents, obtained from compression tests, revealed that solution treatment reduced the SRS of the alloy. To mitigate strain accommodation, an ECAP core-sheath configuration was used to induce back pressure for the sake of deformation homogeneity improvement. A combination of experimental processing and 3D finite element method simulations was applied to the solution-treated WE43 alloy with different core sizes and sheath materials. By finding the optimized core sizes and sheath materials with higher strengths, the differences in microhardness and equivalent plastic strain were reduced. Besides, the adequate magnitude of back pressure and the imposed fully compressive stress prevent fragmentation of the WE43 core during ECAP. After stepwise modifications, the plastic strain inhomogeneity index decreased from 1.340 to 0.671.
Blue light excitable fluorescent green security ink for anticounterfeit application
Authors: Angadiyavar Priya , Jain Rakshitha K. , Sunil Dhanya , Apoorva M. M. , Bhagavath Poornima 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFluorescent security printing inks on flexible substrates is an arena that demands consistent developments to prevent the ever increasing menace of document/product counterfeiting. Visible light is a much more accessible and safer excitation source than the commonly used ultraviolet (UV) light. In this context, a simple Schiff base 4-pyridyl-benzylidene 2,4-difluoro aniline (PBDFA) is synthesized as a colorant with significant solid-state fluorescence for preparing security ink formulation. A huge challenge lies in preparing a security ink that does not fluoresce under UV light but produces a green fluorescence when irradiated with a blue light source. Such prints would be hard to forge as compared to the existing UV luminescent security inks. The screen prints obtained on a UV dull paper substrate using the solvent-based PBDFA ink revealed good blue light excitable green fluorescence, photostability, and colorimetric, densitometric, and rub resistance characteristics.
Analysis of the moderator effect of overstimulation on the relationships between indicators of health-related quality of life, extraversion and maladaptive coping strategies in people with sensory processing sensitivity
Authors: Pérez-Chacón Manuela , Borda-Mas Mercedes , Rivera Francisco , Chacón Antonio , Avargues-Navarro María Luisa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPeople with sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), when overstimulated, feel overwhelmed, stressed, and in need of social withdrawal, rest, and reestablishing balance in the nervous system. This study focuses on analyzing the moderator effect of overstimulation on health-related quality of life (mental health, vitality, and body pain), extraversion, and maladaptive coping strategies in people with SPS. Participants (N = 10,520 adults) completed the Spanish versions of the High Sensitivity Person Scale (HSPS-S), Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI). Participants with high overstimulation levels were observed to have a worse quality of life related to health, greater introversion, and a tendency to use more maladaptive coping strategies. Furthermore, two of the health-related quality of life indicators, mental health and vitality, occupy a central position in the relationships between variables; there was a negative relationship between mental health and active maladaptive coping strategies, as well as between extraversion and nonactive maladaptive coping strategies. Lastly, the level of overstimulation was not identified as an indicator that differentially influences its relationship with the study variables. These findings demonstrate the need to use prevention and clinical intervention programs that address mental health and vitality, as well as introversion and the use of maladaptive coping strategies in people with high sensitivity.
“Be like me”: the role of parental modeling on sons’ body dissatisfaction and disordered eating
Authors: Cerea Silvia , Mancin Paolo , Scaltritti Martina , Bottesi Gioia , Calonaci Sofia , Ghisi Marta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractParents can influence sons’ body image and eating behaviors both directly (e.g., through comments) and/or indirectly (i.e., through modeling). However, available studies still lack in addressing parents’ influence on their sons. This study aimed to explore parental indirect influence by investigating the associations between mothers’ and fathers’ body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, and corresponding dimensions in their sons. Moreover, we examined the relation between mothers’ and fathers’ social anxiety symptoms, low self-esteem, and perfectionistic traits, and their sons’ body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Group differences (sons, mothers, and fathers) in the above-mentioned variables were also investigated. A hundred and twenty-eight Italian males (Mage = 23.88 years ± 3.13, range 18–31) from various regions of Italy and their parents completed questionnaires investigating the above-mentioned variables. Analyses of Covariances were conducted, controlling for participants’ age. Group differences emerged in relation to body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Multiple regressions showed that sons’ drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction were associated with mothers’ body dissatisfaction, dysfunctional eating behaviors, and perfectionism, while bulimic symptoms were associated with fathers’ perfectionism and with the living condition of sons (i.e., living with their parents). The present findings underscore the significant role that mothers may play in shaping their sons’ body- and eating-related behaviors, as mothers’ behavioral and cognitive dimensions related to body dissatisfaction and disordered eating are shown to be more strongly associated with their sons’ body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness than fathers’ dimensions. Moreover, our findings highlighted that fathers’ influence might be limited to sons’ bulimic symptoms, as fathers’ perfectionism and the living condition of sons (i.e., sharing the house with parents) emerged as associated with sons’ bulimic symptoms. This study further supports the importance of considering the parental role when addressing men’s body image and eating behaviors.
Management of Device Detected Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Salmon Thomas , Calvert Peter , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Whilst the management of clinically apparent atrial fibrillation (AF) is well-described and evidenced, the same is not true for subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF) and atrial high rate episodes (AHRE). In this review article we discuss the management of device-detected AHRE/SCAF in light of recent major trials and meta-analyses.

Recent Findings
Anticoagulation in AHRE/SCAF reduces thromboembolic risk but causes an increase in bleeding events. Of note, ischaemic stroke risk in untreated AHRE/SCAF has been observed to be lesser than that of untreated clinically evident AF. With regard to reduction of AHRE/SCAF prevalence or burden, increased physical activity has been associated with reduced AHRE/SCAF incidence in a dose-dependent manner. There exists mixed evidence for both angiotensin 2 inhibition therapy and statin therapy in the prevention of AHRE/SCAF in studies with smaller populations. Ongoing studies are assessing the impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition on AHRE/SCAF. Although there is no evidence for atrial overdrive pacing in preventing AHRE/SCAF, limited evidence suggests pacing lead position and reducing ventricular pacing may minimise AHRE/SCAF.

Summary
The identification of AHRE/SCAF poses unanswered questions regarding treatment. The benefit of anticoagulation in reducing ischaemic stroke is lesser than that seen in clinical AF. As such, anticoagulation decisions in AHRE/SCAF should take into consideration individual bleeding risk, thromboembolic risk, and arrythmia burden. Management of co-morbidities and physical activity show promise in reducing AHRE/SCAF. Further study is required to investigate the impact of various pharmacologic interventions and pacing considerations on the reduction of AHRE/SCAF.
Assessment of accuracy and repeatability of quantitative parameter mapping in MRI
Authors: Hirano Yuya , Ishizaka Kinya , Sugimori Hiroyuki , Taniguchi Yo , Amemiya Tomoki , Bito Yoshitaka , Kudo Kohsuke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of the T1, T2*, and proton density (PD) values obtained by quantitative parameter mapping (QPM) using the ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom and compared them with computer simulations. We compared the relaxation times and PD obtained through QPM with the reference values of the ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom and conventional methods. Furthermore, we evaluated the presence or absence of influences other than noise in T1 and T2* values obtained by QPM by comparing the obtained coefficient of variation (CV) with simulation results. The T1, T2*, and PD values by QPM showed a strong correlation with the measured values and the referenced values. The simulated CVs of QPM calculated for each sphere showed similar trends to those of the actual scans.
The types of hackers and cyberattacks in the aviation industry
Authors: Florido-Benítez Lázaro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The main goal of this study is to analyse the types of hackers and cyberattacks in the aviation industry, to enhance cybersecurity in the air sector. This manuscript has identified 12 different typologies of hackers in the aviation context. First, those hackers who exercise responsibility in proper, effective, ethical, and good practices to improve the safety of citizens and organizations, such as white unicorns, red, blue, green, and nation sponsored hackers. And second, those hackers that are developing and using cyberattacks with bad practices to provoke serious material damage to public and private organizations, consumers, or even terrorist acts to kill people, including black, nation-state, cyberterrorist, whistle-blower, hacktivist, script kiddie, and gray hackers. Furthermore, findings reveal 54 cyberattacks documented in the period analysed (2000 – January 2024). Of the total cyberattacks in the period analysed, 35 were perpetrated at airports (65%) and 19 by airlines (35%). This study also suggests some lines of action to ensure and guarantee the security of data and private information for business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-business (B2B) and their transactions in the aviation industry.
Effectiveness of air cleaner on mitigating the transmission of respiratory disease in a dental clinic environment
Authors: Yang Gang , Wang Yifan , Chan Ka Chung , Mui Kwok Wai , Flemmig Thomas F. , Ng S. Thomas , Chao Christopher Y. H. , Fu Sau Chung 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn dental clinics with an open floor plan, the risk of patient-to-patient transmission of respiratory disease is a concern. During dental procedures large amounts of bioaerosol are produced and patients cannot wear personal protective equipment. This paper examines how to effectively deploy air cleaner to reduce the infection risk in dental clinics with an open floor plan. Various locations of air cleaners at various clean air delivery rates (CADRs) were investigated. The dispersion of bioaerosol was studied through numerical simulations, and risk assessment was performed by a dose-response method. The findings indicated that dental patients downstream of the background ventilation have a higher infection risk than those to the left and right of an infected patient (i.e., the source). The lowest infection risks for the adjacent patients were found when the air cleaner was place opposite to the dentists, i.e., on the floor at low CADR levels of 2.2 m3/min or on the bench at CADR levels of 4.4 m3/min or greater. The results of this study indicated that air cleaner can mitigate the risk of patient-to-patient transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in dental clinics with an open floor plan. Background CADR levels determine the optimal placement of air cleaners.
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles: a synergetic combination of a drug delivery system and a source of natural bioactive compounds
Authors: Langellotto Mattia D. , Rassu Giovanna , Serri Carla , Demartis Sara , Giunchedi Paolo , Gavini Elisabetta 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles secreted by all cell types and have been studied to understand and treat many human diseases. Exosomes are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, intercellular communication, and the transfer of substances. Over the years, several studies have explored mammalian-derived exosomes for therapeutic and diagnostic uses. Only recently have plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) attracted attention for their ability to overcome many defects associated with using mammalian-derived extracellular vesicles, such as safety and scale-up issues. The ease of large-scale production, low toxicity, low immunogenicity, efficient cellular uptake, high biocompatibility, and high stability of these nanovesicles make them attractive for drug delivery systems. In addition, their native contents of proteins, miRNAs and secondary metabolites could be exploited for pharmaceutical applications in combination with other drugs. The present review intends to provide adequate tools for studying and developing drug delivery systems based on plant-derived EVs. Therefore, indications concerning extraction methods, characterisation, and drug loading will be offered. Their biological composition and content will also be reported. Finally, the current applications of these systems as nanocarriers for pharmacologically active substances will be shown.

Graphical Abstract
Gamma-ray halos around pulsars: impact on pulsar wind physics and galactic cosmic ray transport
Authors: Amato Elena , Recchia Sarah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTeV haloes are a recently discovered class of very high energy gamma-ray emitters. These sources consist of extended regions of multi-TeV emission, originally observed around the two well-known and nearby pulsars, Geminga and PSR B0656+14 (Monogem), and possibly, with different degrees of confidence, around few more objects with similar age. Since their discovery, TeV haloes have raised much interest in a large part of the scientific community, for the implications their presence can have on a broad range of topics spanning from pulsar physics to cosmic ray physics and dark matter indirect searches. In this article, we review the reasons of interest for TeV haloes and the current status of observations. We discuss the proposed theoretical models and their implications, and conclude with an overlook on the prospects for better understanding this phenomenon.
CLIP-Flow: Decoding images encoded in CLIP space
Authors: Ma Hao , Li Ming , Yang Jingyuan , Patashnik Or , Lischinski Dani , Cohen-Or Daniel , Huang Hui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study introduces CLIP-Flow, a novel network for generating images from a given image or text. To effectively utilize the rich semantics contained in both modalities, we designed a semantics-guided methodology for image- and text-to-image synthesis. In particular, we adopted Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) as an encoder to extract semantics and StyleGAN as a decoder to generate images from such information. Moreover, to bridge the embedding space of CLIP and latent space of StyleGAN, real NVP is employed and modified with activation normalization and invertible convolution. As the images and text in CLIP share the same representation space, text prompts can be fed directly into CLIP-Flow to achieve text-to-image synthesis. We conducted extensive experiments on several datasets to validate the effectiveness of the proposed image-to-image synthesis method. In addition, we tested on the public dataset Multi-Modal CelebA-HQ, for text-to-image synthesis. Experiments validated that our approach can generate high-quality text-matching images, and is comparable with state-of-the-art methods, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Shoaling Internal Tides Propagating From a Shallow Ridge Modulated by the Kuroshio
Authors: Masunaga Eiji , Tamura Hitoshi , Uchiyama Yusuke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents remotely generated internal tides that propagate into shallow regions and are modulated by background flows using numerical simulations and field observation data. Numerical results indicate that strongly enhanced semi‐diurnal (∼M2) internal tide energy is generated over a shallow ridge, the Izu‐Ogasawara Ridge. The generated internal tides propagates toward the Kuroshio upstream and shoal toward shallow regions near Cape Shiono‐Misaki. The intensified internal tide energy flux toward the cape is explained by two mechanisms: (a) intensified internal tide generation over the ridge due to the interaction between tides and the Kuroshio and (b) wave energy convergence along the Kuroshio due to wave refractions. A 13‐year field data set obtained from the cape was used to investigate shoaling internal tides influenced by the Kuroshio. The observed results reveal a significant positive correlation between the kinetic energy of semi‐diurnal internal tides and the background flows caused by the Kuroshio, which evidently supports the intensified internal tides attributed to the interaction between background flows and tides, as proposed by recent studies. The intensity of shoaling internal tides is also largely influenced by the path of the Kuroshio and seasonal effects. The magnitude of shoaling internal tides is clearly weaken as the Kuroshio meander occurs. Shoaling internal tides modulated by the Kuroshio can provide new insights into energy transport and mixing processes in coastal oceans.
Development of an Aerosol Assimilation System Using a Global Non‐Hydrostatic Model, a 2‐Dimensional Variational Method, and Multiple Satellite‐Based Aerosol Products
Authors: Goto D. , Nishizawa T. , Uchida J. , Yumimoto K. , Jin Y. , Higurashi A. , Shimizu A. , Sugata S. , Yashiro H. , Hayasaki M. , Dai T. , Cheng Y. , Tanimoto H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe computational balance between the model grid resolution and the complexity of the data assimilation technique is essential for accurate aerosol forecasting and obtaining aerosol reanalysis data sets. This study aimed to develop a high‐resolution aerosol assimilation system. A 2‐dimensional variational method (2DVar) was implemented in a non‐hydrostatic icosahedral atmospheric model (NICAM). This new model (NICAM/2DVar), with a global grid size of 56 km, assimilated the observed aerosol optical depth (AOD) that is estimated by combining multiple products of geostationary and polar‐orbital satellites. The model results were evaluated against ground‐based AOD observations on a global scale. They exhibited higher correlations, lower uncertainties, and lower biases than those obtained without the 2DVar. The model also reproduced the observed surface aerosols (PM2.5) mass concentrations, especially in Kyushu, Japan. This occurred because the satellite‐estimated AODs over ocean close to air pollution sources were obtained for many occasions. The correlation coefficient values against the PM2.5 observations increased from 0.44 to 0.65 compared to the results without the 2DVar. The impact of the 2DVar on the forecast results was investigated, and the forecast values for 2–3 days were improved. Because satellite‐retrieved AODs are often lacking over land owing to retrieval difficulties, the use of ground‐based AODs in assimilations is essential for precise processing the of aerosol reanalysis data sets. The computational cost with the use of the 2DVar was only 0.6% more than that without its use. Thus, aerosol assimilation using the NICAM/2DVar can be realistically extended to finer grid sizes.