bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting Future Salaries in the Czech Republic Using Stochastic Modelling
Authors: Šimpach Ondřej , Langhamrová Jitka 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Background: In spite of the course of the economic crisis of 2008, there have not been changes dramatic to the extent that they would strongly alter the behaviour of the trend in the Average Gross Monthly Wages and the Monthly Wage Medians in the Czech Republic. In order to support public and monetary planning, reliable forecasts of future salaries are indispensable. Objectives: The aim is to provide an outline of the behaviour of the average gross wages and the gross wage medians of the Czech business sphere up to the end of 2018 using an optimised random walk model and an optimised ARIMA Model with a constant. Methods: Consumer price indices were used in the confrontation of the behaviour of the Average Gross Monthly Wages and the Monthly Wage Medians with the behaviour of inflation in the Czech Republic. The Box-Jenkins methodology is used for the time series modelling. Results: The Czech Average Gross Monthly Wages and the Monthly Wage Medians in the business sector will continue to grow more rapidly than the Czech inflation growth, expressed by consumer price indices. Conclusions: It is possible to expect that the rising trend of the Average Gross Monthly Wages and the Gross Wage Medians will be more rapid than the growth of inflation.
Elemental composition of fly ash: a comparative study using nuclear and related analytical techniques / Skład pierwiastkowy popiołów lotnych: studium przypadku z wykorzystaniem metod nuklearnych i analitycznych
Authors: Eze Chuks P. , Fatoba Olanrewaju , Madzivire Godfrey , Ostrovnaya Tatyna M. , Petrik Leslie F. , Frontasyeva Marina V. , Nechaev Alexander N. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Epithermal neutron activation analysis along with ICP-OES, LA ICP-MS, and XRF were used to determine the elemental composition of coal fly ash from the Malta coal power station in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. A total of 54 major, trace and rare earth elements were obtained by the four analytical techniques. The results were compared and the discrepancies discussed to show the merits and drawbacks of each of the techniques. It was shown that the elemental content of this particular coal fly ash are of the same order as the NIST standard reference material Coal Fly Ash 1633b.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES ON HEALTH CONDITION OF Quercus robur L. IN PARKS
Authors: Krzyżaniak Michał , Świerk Dariusz , Urbański Piotr , Walerzak Miłosz T. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Investigations concerned the effect of different environmental variables on health condition of English oak (Quercus robur L.). It was shown that in the public parks in the city of Poznan the health condition of the analysed species is good. It was stated that health condition of this species in the Poznan parks is influenced by the distance from the immediate city centre, vicinity of traffic arteries and gas emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels by households neighbouring with the parks. Although results recorded in this study confirm literature data concerning the effect of environmental variables on health condition of English oak (Quercus robur L.), it was shown that certain environmental variables have a greater effect on health condition of the analysed species in Poznan.
LC phase bias investigation of ASG-EUPOS stations
Authors: Araszkiewicz Andrzej , Szafranek Karolina 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Monitoring of permanent stations that make up the reference frame is an integral part of the geodesists work. Selection of reference stations is based on analysis of parameters characterizing them (hardware, coordinates’ stability, mounting, location). In this paper, we took into account phase residual as an indicator of unmodelled signal. Phase residuals were computed based on ASG-EUPOS and EPN observation processing. The results show the connection between the method of mounting the antenna and the residuals. We have reviewed multipath effect at ASG-EUPOS stations, and chosen those which are characterized by the highest value of phase residual. The results show that LC phase residual is a good factor to characterize site’s solutions’ reliability. For majority of sites RMS values were less than 10 mm. Modulations associated with multipath effect were observed for few ASG-EUPOS sites only. Phase residuals are distributed specifically for sites, which antennas are mounted on pillars (more common for EPN sites). For majority of analysed sites phase residual distribution was similar for different days and did not depend directly on atmosphere condition.
Chinese Refreshment for Contemporary Political Thought: wúwéi, care, and democracy
Authors: Ott Margus 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In my paper I bring out two topics from the ancient Chinese political philosophy. (1) Non-action (wúwéi) that was required from the ruler in the Legalist and Huang-Lao tradition (e.g. Han Feizi, Huainanzi) and was incorporated into the mainstream of political philosophy (e.g. Confucian Dong Zhongshu); (2) care of the people and especially of the needy, that is also required from the ruler, and was stressed mainly in the Mohist and Confucian traditions. From these two ideas I hope to get some “refreshment” for our contemporary political philosophy, and I consider them as logical extensions of democracy. On the other hand, I argue also that the traditional conception of non-acting ruler in the Legalist context should be modified with the Western ideas of the separation of powers and transparency of government; and even that this modification would be more consequent and realistic also in terms of the original Chinese idea itself.
Laozi’s precepts for daily life in the contemporary world: two popular Western (American) interpretations
Authors: Poškaitė Loreta 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper aims to discuss two popular interpretations of Daoism and its application to contemporary world: The Dao of Pooh by Benjamin Hoff and The Truth of Tao by Alex Anatole. In the first part, it will concentrate on the interpretation of Daoist concept of simplicity (pu ) in B.Hoff’s book, pointing out to the problem of its simplification and elucidating the cluster of the meanings (or aspects) of pu in this book and in comparison with its understanding in Classical Daoism. In the second part, it will discuss the main points of interpretation of Daoism as a “reflective mirror” for illuminating the problems of Western (in this case, American) contemporary consumer culture, presented in Alex Anatole’s book, with the particular attention on his ideal of “contentment” and “ideal day”. It is claimed, that such popular versions of Daoism, although seemingly contradictory and superficial, and because of this rather mostly ignored by sinologists and investigators of Daoist practices, deserve more careful study by professional scholars, since they are the manifestations of the process of globalization of Daoism, which is inevitable in 21st century. Moreover, they are especially influential in forming a popular image of Daoist teaching, since the messages of such books spread to a far wider public, than the monographs by academic specialists in Chinese (Daoist) studies.
Confucius: Philosophy between Philosophy
Authors: Mickūnas Algis 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The article is devoted to the philosophy of the well-known ancient Chinese sage Confucius paying attention to the Western misunderstandings of it. The fundamental differences between Chinese and Western civilizations, the problem of transcendence, and different attitude towards history are discussed in the text. Being neither a religion nor a philosophy in the strict Western sense of the word, Confucian thinking still finds its parallels among Western philosophies. The article faces the phenomenological task to discover concrete modes of awareness, their active engagements, and their correlate contents that are sufficiently broad and founding to cut across diverse disciplinary and cultural phenomena. This brief essay is a step in that direction with explicit commitment to Confucian explication and continuity of Chinese civilization. Despite variations and different levels of interpretation, a common context between Confucius and Western philosophical trends may be found.
CALCULATING THE RIGHT-EIGENVECTORS OF A SPECIAL VIBRATION CHAIN BY MEANS OF MODIFIED LAGUERRE POLYNOMIALS
Authors: Weber Wolfgang , Zastrau Bernd W. , Anders Bernd 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This contribution deals with the identification of the right-eigenvectors of a linear vibration system with arbitrary n degrees of freedom as given in [1]. Applying the special distribution of stiffnesses and masses given in [1] yields a remarkable sequence of matrices for arbi- trary n. For computing the (right-)eigenvectors a generalised approach allowing the use of Laguerre polynomials is performed.
REPEATED-BATCH PRODUCTION OF LACCASE BY CERIPORIOPSIS SUBVERMISPORA
Authors: Chmelová Daniela , Ondrejovič Miroslav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to set parameters of repeated-batch cultivation of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora for laccase production and evaluate the efficiency of this type of cultivation for production of selected enzyme. The suitable conditions for repeated-batch cultivation were designed on the base of study of batch cultivation of white-rot fungus C. subvermispora. C. subvermispora was cultivated in media with different concentration of casein hydrolysate as nitrogen source and glucose as carbon source. A suitable concentration of casein hydrolysate to stimulate the laccase production was 1.5 and 2.5 g/L. Laccase production was started at certain critical concentration of glucose (5 g/L). In order to improve laccase production by repeated-batch cultivation of C. subvermispora, glucose was tested in concentration 10 g/L and casein hydrolysate in concentration 1.5 g/L. During a repeated-batch cultivation was measured increase laccase activities from 177.8 to 266 U/L. It was also observed, the cultivation time needed to reach maximum laccase production was shortened to 10 days.
Critical review of propeller performance scaling methods, based on model experiments and numerical calculations
Authors: Bugalski Tomasz , Streckwall Heinrich , Szantyr Jan A. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of experimental and numerical investigation of propeller scale effects, undertaken in co-operation of the Hamburg Ship Model Basin (HSVA), Germany, and Ship Design and Research Centre (CTO SA), Poland. The objective of the investigation was to test the adequacy of the methods currently used to account for the propeller scale effect and to develop possible improvement of the methods. HSVA has conducted model experiments in the large cavitation tunnel together with panel method and CFD calculations. CTO SA has performed model experiments in the towing tank, together with lifting surface and CFD calculations. Both institutions have suggested different new approaches to the problem and different new procedures to account for the propeller scale effects. In the article the procedures are presented together with the description of the underlying experimental and theoretical research.
SPATIAL DATABASE MODELING FOR INDOOR NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Gotlib Dariusz , Gnat Miłosz 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
For many years, cartographers are involved in designing GIS and navigation systems. Most GIS applications use the outdoor data. Increasingly, similar applications are used inside buildings. Therefore it is important to find the proper model of indoor spatial database. The development of indoor navigation systems should utilize advanced teleinformation, geoinformatics, geodetic and cartographical knowledge. The authors present the fundamental requirements for the indoor data model for navigation purposes. Presenting some of the solutions adopted in the world they emphasize that navigation applications require specific data to present the navigation routes in the right way. There is presented original solution for indoor data model created by authors on the basis of BISDM model. Its purpose is to expand the opportunities for use in indoor navigation.
Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Polish freshwater bodies
Authors: Kobos Justyna , Błaszczyk Agata , Hohlfeld Natalia , Toruńska-Sitarz Anna , Krakowiak Anna , Hebel Agnieszka , Sutryk Katarzyna , Grabowska Magdalena , Toporowska Magdalena , Kokociński Mikołaj , Messyasz Beata , Rybak Andrzej , Napiórkowska-Krzebietke Agnieszka , Nawrocka Lidia , Pełechata Aleksandra , Budzyńska Agnieszka , Zagajewski Paweł , Mazur-Marzec Hanna 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this work, the authors examined the presence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in 21 samples collected from fresh water bodies located in 5 provinces in Poland: Lublin (2), Podlasie (1), Pomerania (6), Warmia-Masuria (1) and Wielkopolska (11). In addition, to determine the general pattern of geographical distribution, frequency of cyanobacteria occurrence, and cyanotoxins production, the published data from 238 fresh water bodies in Poland were reviewed. On the basis of these collected results, we concluded that Planktothrix, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis and Dolichospermum were dominant. The general pattern in geographical distribution of the identified cyanobacterial genera was typical of other eutrophic waters in Europe. The production of cyanotoxins was revealed in 18 (86%) of the 21 samples analyzed in the present work and in 74 (75%) of the 98 total water bodies for which the presence of toxins had been examined. Among the 24 detected microcystin variants, [Asp3]MC-RR was most common. These results can be verified when more data from the less explored water bodies in the southern and eastern parts of Poland are available.
Assessment of marine ecosystem health of Tianjin Offshore, China
Authors: Zheng Ting , You Xue-Yi 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
While the marine ecosystem health is damaged by economic activities, pollution and reclamation projects, the assessment of marine ecosystem health is strongly required to facilitate its maintenance, improvement and management. In this study, the health of the Tianjin marine ecosystem was quantitatively assessed using the ocean health index in which ten public goals are considered. The results indicated that the ocean health index for the Tianjin marine ecosystem is 66, which is higher than the global ocean health index of 60. This indicated that the overall health of the Tianjin marine ecosystem is barely good and the suitable environmental management and measures should be implemented carefully and effectively in the future.
Fast and easy method for total DNA extraction and gene amplification from larvae, spat and adult mussels Mytilus trossulus from the Baltic Sea
Authors: Lasota Rafał , Piłczyńska Joanna , Williams Suzanne , Wołowicz Maciej 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Three nuclear DNA markers that diagnostically differentiate mussels within the Mytilus edulis complex (M. edulis, M. trossulus and M. galloprovincialis) are commonly used in taxonomic investigations: Glu5’, ITS and EFbis. As a rule, DNA extraction is performed before amplification. It is a time consuming process in the case of traditional methods based on chloroform and phenol extraction or relatively expensive using kits with ready spin columns. Moreover, DNA isolation from larvae is problematic, because of the small amount of tissue available. In this report we describe a simple, fast and inexpensive method of DNA extraction and gene amplification from larvae, spat and adults of the Baltic mussel Mytilus trossulus. The extraction method is adapted from that of Wang et al. (2006) and is based on digestion of tissue or whole animals in STE solution and direct gene amplification. On the basis of the results of routine analyses of mussels carried out in our laboratory we have concluded that the method we propose gives results that are consistent with standard methods, without requiring expensive reagents/equipment and is time saving.
Information and Communication Technologies in Primary Healthcare – Barriers and Facilitators in the Implementation Process
Authors: Pędziński Bartosz , Sowa Paweł , Pędziński Waldemar , Krzyżak Michalina , Maślach Dominik , Szpak Andrzej 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Despite the great expansion and many benefits of information and communication technologies (ICT) in healthcare, the attitudes of Polish general practitioners (GPs) to e-health have not been explored. The aim of this study was to determine the GPs’ perception of ICT use in healthcare and to identify barriers to the adoption of EMR (Electronic Medical Records) in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. Online and telephone surveys were conducted between April and May 2013. Responses from 103 GP practices, 43% of all practices in the region, were analysed. The results showed that 67% of the respondents agreed that IT systems improve quality of healthcare services. In the GP group who declared at least partial EMR implementation, 71.4% see the positive impact of IT on practice staff processes and 66.1% on personal working processes. In this group, more than three-quarters of GPs did not see any positive impact of ICT on the average number of patients treated per day, number of patients within the practice or scope of services. The four most common barriers to EMR implementation were: lack of funds, risk of a malfunction in the system, resistance to change, and lack of training and proper information. Although the use of ICT by Polish GPs is limited, their attitude to e-health is generally positive or neutral and resembles the overall pattern in Europe. Barriers identified by GPs need to be taken into account to ensure the effective implementation of e-health across the country.
Hospital Statistics as a Tool for Obtaining Data Necessary in the Healthcare Entity Management Process
Authors: Sierocka Aleksandra , Woźniak Bożena , Iltchev Petre , Marczak Michał 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Statistical methods used by healthcare entities enable the collection of various information about the structure and characteristics of treated patients. They are an important source of knowledge, and form a database that plays an important role in entity management theory. In the presented study, we analysed the hospital stays of patients treated in all hospital wards of the 3rd City Hospital in Łodź during 2012. The following, in particular, were taken into account: admittance procedure, discharge procedure, age and sex of hospitalised persons. Patients in over 55% of cases were admitted using the sud- den admittance procedure. At the same time, over 3/4 of the stays ended with a referral for further treatment in ambulatory conditions, and death occurred in approx. 5% of hospitalisations. By comparing the discharge procedures, the percentage of deaths in the Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Wards can be seen clearly (more than 70%). Internal wards are next in turn (10.6 and 16.6%). The biggest differences in the length of hospitalisation between the studied institution and the NFZ data (which are averaged values from all medical entities in Poland) concern the E77, A49, A48, A87, A33, D18, E16, E61 and G37 groups.
Joinpoint Regression Analysis of Potential Years of Life Lost Due to Main Causes of Death in Poland, Years 2002–2011
Authors: Krzyżak Michalina , Maślach Dominik , Skrodzka Martyna , Florczyk Katarzyna , Szpak Anna , Pędziński Bartosz , Sowa Paweł , Szpak Andrzej 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to analyse the level and the trends of Potential Years of Life Lost due to the main causes of death in Poland in the years 2002-2011. The material for the study was the information from the Central Statistical Office on the number of deaths due to the main causes of death in Poland in the years 2002-2011. The premature mortality analysis was conducted with the use of the PYLL (Potential Years of Life Lost) indicator. PYLL rate was calculated following the method proposed by J. Romeder, according to which premature mortality was defined as death before the age of 70. Time trends of PYLL rate and the average annual percent change (APC - Annual Percent Change) were assessed using jointpoint models and the Joinpoint Regression Program. In the years 2002-2011, PYLL rate for all-cause deaths decreased by 7.0% among men and 8.1% among women. In 2011, the main reasons for PYLL among men were: external causes (27.6%), cardiovascular diseases (24.2%) and cancers (20.3%). Among women the leading causes were: cancers (41.1%), cardiovascular diseases (19.7%) and external causes (12.5%). PYLL rate increased among men for colorectal cancer, and among women for colorectal and lung cancer. The presented epidemiological situation for premature mortality in Poland shows that in the majority of cases it is caused by preventable deaths, which highlights a need to intensify measures in primary and secondary prevention.
Performance of Resampling Methods Based on Decision Trees, Parametric and Nonparametric Bayesian Classifiers for Three Medical Datasets
Authors: Ćwiklińska-Jurkowska Małgorzata M. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The figures visualizing single and combined classifiers coming from decision trees group and Bayesian parametric and nonparametric discriminant functions show the importance of diversity of bagging or boosting combined models and confirm some theoretical outcomes suggested by other authors. For the three medical sets examined, decision trees, as well as linear and quadratic discriminant functions are useful for bagging and boosting. Classifiers, which do not show an increasing tendency for resubstitution errors in subsequent boosting deterministic procedures loops, are not useful for fusion, e.g. kernel discriminant function. For the success of resampling classifiers’ fusion, the compromise be- tween accuracy and diversity is needed. Diversity important in the success of boosting and bagging may be assessed by concordance of base classifiers with the learning vector.
REVELIERIA GROEHNI — A NEW SPECIES OF MINUTE BROWN SCAVENGER BEETLES (COLEOPTERA, LATRIDIIDAE) FROM BALTIC AMBER
Authors: Sergi T. A. , Perkovsky E. E. , Reike H.-P. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Based on a fossil specimen from Late Eocene Baltic amber, Revelieria groehni Sergi, Perkovsky et Reike, sp. n., a new species is described. It is the first fossil species of the genus Revelieria Perris, 1869. The new species clearly differs from extant R. californica and R. genei in the following characters: eyes more large and convex; antennal insertion located more close to eye; temples very short; metasternum longer; fore tibia evenly curved inwards.
SPECIES COMPLEXES OF THE ORIBATID MITES (SARCOPTIFORMES, ORIBATEI) IN SOILS OF URBAN STREET LAWNS WITH DIFFERENT POLLUTION RATES
Authors: Shevchenko O. S. , Kolodochka L. A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Species complexes of oribatid mites at six plots on the street lawns in one of Kyiv districts are studied. In total 27 species of 26 genera and 19 families of oribatid mites are found. Direct correlation between oribatid species diversity and the level of total soil pollution is not shown.