bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AttenuatedToxoplasma gondiiStimulates Immunity to Pancreatic Cancer by Manipulation of Myeloid Cell Populations
Authors: Sanders Kiah L. , Fox Barbara A. , Bzik David J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSuppressive myeloid cells represent a significant barrier to the generation of productive antitumor immune responses to many solid tumors. Eliminating or reprogramming suppressive myeloid cells to abrogate tumor-associated immune suppression is a promising therapeutic approach. We asked whether treatment of established aggressive disseminated pancreatic cancer with the immunotherapeutic attenuated Toxoplasma gondii vaccine strain CPS would trigger tumor-associated myeloid cells to generate therapeutic antitumor immune responses. CPS treatment significantly decreased tumor-associated macrophages and markedly increased dendritic cell infiltration of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Tumor-resident macrophages and dendritic cells, particularly cells actively invaded by CPS, increased expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 and concomitantly boosted their production of IL12. CPS treatment increased CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment, activated tumor-resident T cells, and increased IFNγ production by T-cell populations. CPS treatment provided a significant therapeutic benefit in pancreatic tumor-bearing mice. This therapeutic benefit depended on IL12 and IFNγ production, MyD88 signaling, and CD8+ T-cell populations. Although CD4+ T cells exhibited activated effector phenotypes and produced IFNγ, CD4+ T cells as well as natural killer cells were not required for the therapeutic benefit. In addition, CD8+ T cells isolated from CPS-treated tumor-bearing mice produced IFNγ after re-exposure to pancreatic tumor antigen, suggesting this immunotherapeutic treatment stimulated tumor cell antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. This work highlights the potency and immunotherapeutic efficacy of CPS treatment and demonstrates the significance of targeting tumor-associated myeloid cells as a mechanism to stimulate more effective immunity to pancreatic cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(8); 891–901. ©2015 AACR.
All-Cause Mortality up to and After Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Events in European Middle-Aged Men
Authors: Majed Bilal , Montaye Michèle , Wagner Aline , Arveiler Dominique , Ducimetiere Pierre , Tafflet Muriel , Ferrieres Jean , Ruidavets Jean-Bernard , Kee Frank , Evans Alun , Amouyel Philippe , Prugger Christof , Empana Jean-Philippe 
Published: March 2015

Background and Purpose—
The aim was to investigate prospectively the all-cause mortality risk up to and after coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke events in European middle-aged men.

Methods—
The study population comprised 10 424 men 50 to 59 years of age recruited between 1991 and 1994 in France (N=7855) and Northern Ireland (N=2747) within the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction. Incident CHD and stroke events and deaths from all causes were prospectively registered during the 10-year follow-up. In Cox’s proportional hazards regression analysis, CHD and stroke events during follow-up were used as time-dependent covariates.

Results—
A total of 769 CHD and 132 stroke events were adjudicated, and 569 deaths up to and 66 after CHD or stroke occurred during follow-up. After adjustment for study country and cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratios of all-cause mortality were 1.58 (95% confidence interval 1.18–2.12) after CHD and 3.13 (95% confidence interval 1.98–4.92) after stroke.

Conclusions—
These findings support continuous efforts to promote both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Safety and Postoperative Adverse Events in Pediatric Otologic Surgery
Authors: Roxbury Christopher R. , Yang Jingyan , Salazar Jose , Shah Rahul K. , Boss Emily F. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesDescribe safety and postoperative sequelae of pediatric otologic surgery and identify predictive factors for postoperative events.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study of the American College of Surgeons National Surgery Quality Improvement Program–Pediatric (NSQIP‐P) database.SettingData pooled from the 2012 NSQIP‐P public use file (50 institutions).Subjects and MethodsCurrent procedural terminology codes were used to identify children who underwent otologic surgery. Variables of interest included demographics and 30‐day postoperative events grouped as reoperation, readmission, and complication. Event rates were determined and prevalence of events compared by procedure type and within patient subgroups according to chi‐square analysis. Multivariate logistic regression evaluated predictive factors for postoperative events.ResultsOf 37,319 pediatric operations, 2556 (6.8%) were otologic procedures. The most common procedure was tympanoplasty (n = 893, 34.9%), followed by myringoplasty (n = 741, 30.0%), cochlear implantation (n = 464, 18.2%), and tympanomastoidectomy (n = 458, 17.9%). There were 9 reoperations (0.4%), 32 readmissions (1.3%), and 18 complications (0.7%). Children undergoing tympanomastoidectomy or cochlear implantation were more likely to be readmitted irrespective of other factors (odds ratio = 5.5, P =. 010; odds ratio = 3.5, P =. 083). Children <3 years old were 4 times more likely to be readmitted than older children (odds ratio = 4.4, P <. 001).ConclusionPediatric otologic procedures are common and have low rates of global 30‐day postoperative events. Tympanomastoidectomy and cochlear implantation have the highest risk of 30‐day readmission. Young children (<3 years) are more likely to be readmitted following these procedures. Further optimization of the NSQIP‐P to include specialty and procedure‐specific variables is necessary to assess complete, actionable outcomes of pediatric otologic surgery, however the present study provides a foundation to build upon for safety and quality improvement initiatives in pediatric otology.
Management of First Branchial Cleft Anomalies via a Cartilage‐Splitting Technique
Authors: Schmidt Richard , Conrad David , Field Erin , O’Reilly Robert 
Published: March 2015

First branchial cleft anomalies are uncommon lesions that often present as periauricular infections. They have high recurrence rates, due in part to scarring secondary to prior infections and their management. These lesions have a close relationship with the facial nerve, and most authors recommend its identification and dissection because of this relationship. Nonetheless, facial nerve palsy has been reported in up to 15% of cases. We describe a novel technique for the management of first branchial cleft anomalies. Such lesions that presented in an infra‐ or postauricular location were approached via an incision through the cartilage of the pinna, between the tragus and antitragus. This technique affords direct access to the lesion without the need for facial nerve dissection. Six patients were treated. Five had prior surgery, including 3 with previous attempts at excision. There were no complications. The median follow‐up was 35 months. One patient developed a recurrence.
Mechanical and physicochemical characterization along with biological interactions of a new Ti25Nb21Hf alloy for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Herranz-Diez C , Gil FJ , Guillem-Marti J , Manero JM 
Published: March 2015

Nowadays, one of the main challenges in metal implants for bone substitution is the achievement of an elastic modulus close to that of human cortical bone as well as to provide an adequate interaction with the surrounding tissue avoiding in vivo foreign body reaction. From this perspective, a new Ti-based alloy has been developed with Nb and Hf as alloying elements which are known as non-toxic and with good corrosion properties. The microstructure, mechanical behaviour and the physicochemical properties of this novel titanium alloy have been studied. Relationship of surface chemistry and surface electric charge with protein adsorption and cell adhesion has been evaluated due to its role for understanding the mechanism of biological interactions with tissues. The Ti25Nb21Hf alloy presented a lower elastic modulus than commercial alloys with a superior ultimate strength and yield strength than CP-Ti and very close to Ti6Al4V. It also exhibited good corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the results revealed that it had no cytotoxic effect on rat mesenchymal stem cells and allowed protein adsorption and cell adhesion. The experimental results make this alloy a promising material for bone substitution or for biomedical devices.
How I treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia in older adolescents and young adults
Authors: Curran Emily , Stock Wendy 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
At the intersection between children and older adults, the care of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) poses unique challenges and issues beyond those faced by other age groups. Although the survival of AYA patients is inferior to younger children, growing evidence suggests that AYA patients have improved outcomes, with disease-free survival rates of 60% to 70%, when treated with pediatric-based approaches. A holistic approach, incorporating a multidisciplinary team, is a key component of successful treatment of these AYA patients. With the appropriate support and management of toxicities during and following treatment, these regimens are well tolerated in the AYA population. Even with the significant progress that has been made during the last decade, patients with persistence of minimal residual disease (MRD) during intensive therapy still have a poor prognosis. With new insights into disease pathogenesis in AYA ALL and the availability of disease-specific kinase inhibitors and novel targeted antibodies, future studies will focus on individualized therapy to eradicate MRD and result in further improvements in survival. This case-based review will discuss the biology, pharmacology, and psychosocial aspects of AYA patients with ALL, highlighting our current approach to the management of these unique patients.
Effects of six months of Yoga on inflammatory serum markers prognostic of recurrence risk in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Long Parma Dorothy , Hughes Daniel C , Ghosh Sagar , Li Rong , Treviño-Whitaker Rose A , Ogden Susan M , Ramirez Amelie G 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Yoga-based exercise has proven to be beneficial for practitioners, including cancer survivors. This study reports on the effect on inflammatory biological markers for 20 breast cancer survivors who participated in a six-month yoga-based (YE) exercise program. Results are compared to a comprehensive exercise (CE) program group and a comparison (C) exercise group who chose their own exercises.
“Pre” and “post” assessments included measures of anthropometrics, cardiorespiratory capacity, and inflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Descriptive statistics, effect size (d), and dependent sample ‘t’ tests for all outcome measures were calculated for the YE group.
Significant improvements were seen in decreased % body fat, (−3.00%, d = −0.44, p = <.001) but not in cardiorespiratory capacity or in inflammatory serum markers. To compare YE outcomes with the other two groups, a one-way analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was used, controlling for age, BMI, cardiorespiratory capacity and serum marker baseline values. We found no differences between groups. Moreover, we did not see significant changes in any inflammatory marker for any group.
Our results support the effectiveness of yoga-based exercise modified for breast cancer survivors for improving body composition. Larger studies are needed to determine if there are significant changes in inflammatory serum markers as a result of specific exercise modalities.
Tensile properties of the rectal and sigmoid colon: a comparative analysis of human and porcine tissue
Authors: Christensen Michael B , Oberg Kevin , Wolchok Jeffrey C 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
For many patients, rectal catheters are an effective means to manage bowel incontinence. Unfortunately, the incidence of catheter leakage in these patients remains troublingly high. Matching the mechanical properties of the catheter and the surrounding tissue may improve the catheter seal and reduce leakage. However, little data is available on the mechanical properties of colorectal tissue. Therefore, our group examined the mechanical properties of colorectal tissue obtained from both a common animal model and humans. Uniaxial tension tests were performed to determine the effects of location, orientation, and species (porcine and human) on bowel tissue tensile mechanical properties. Bowel tissue ultimate strength, elongation at failure, and elastic modulus were derived from these tests and statistically analyzed. Ultimate tensile strength (0.58 MPa, 0.87 MPa), elongation at failure (113.19%, 62.81%), and elastic modulus (1.83 MPa, 5.18 MPa) for porcine and human samples respectively exhibited significant differences based on species. Generally, human tissues were stronger and less compliant than their porcine counterparts. Furthermore, harvest site location and testing orientation significantly affected several mechanical properties in porcine derived tissues, but very few in human tissues. The data suggests that porcine colorectal tissue does not accurately model human colorectal tissue mechanical properties. Ultimately, the tensile properties reported herein may be used to help guide the design of next generation rectal catheters with tissue mimetic properties, as well as aid in the development of physical and computer based bowel models.
Acute necrotic pancreatitis after esophagectomy: a case report
Authors: Kawamorita Keisuke , Tsubosa Yasuhiro , Oka Yurika , Matsuda Satoru , Takebayashi Katsushi , Niihara Masahiro , Okamura Yukiyasu , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Acute pancreatitis after esophagectomy is a very rare but fatal complication. This case report describes a 74-year-old man diagnosed with cT2N0M0, cStage IB esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (Union for International Cancer Control, seventh edition). On the basis of the patient’s condition, it was decided that he should undergo esophagectomy without thoracotomy. The patient developed pyrexia 3 days after the operation. Chest and abdominal computed tomography revealed severe acute pancreatitis and gastric tube necrosis; therefore, gastrectomy was performed. Subsequent surgical exploration indicated pancreatic necrosis that was diagnosed as acute necrotic pancreatitis. Postoperative management of acute pancreatitis and the general condition of the patient were quite challenging, and rapid deterioration of the respiratory status was observed. The patient experienced multiple organ failure and died 57 days after the second surgery (60 days after the first surgery). This is a report of a patient with acute necrotic pancreatitis after esophagectomy.
Social Partnership �s a Factor of Developing Vocational Competencies of To-Be-Professionals
Authors: ������������  , Burdukovskaya E. , �����  , Shkil O. 
Published: March 2015

The paper concerns the problem of engaging employers in the educational process at higher education institutions in order to improve quality of future
employees� professional training in the context of meeting requirements, introduced by educational standards of the new generation. Presented is the
Program of interaction between employers and higher school teachers on issues of improving students� professional training. Also considered are various
forms of social partnership, as one among a number of factors conducive to fostering professional competencies in future specialists.
Current Standards of Math Teachers� ICT-Competencies
Authors: ��������  , Fedorova Yuliya , �������  , Nevskaya O. 
Published: March 2015

This article discusses aspects of the application of modern information technologies in professional work of math teacher. Implementation of programs,
defined by standard, in practice puts the task to develop guidelines on the use of various ICT tools, collections of sample plans of lessons and assignments
for students during the lessons, using mathematical modeling and experiment. In addition, there is a need to build a new model of training teachers in
the system of additional vocational training. This work is carried out on the training courses under the program for teachers engaged in a gradual transition
to the Federal State Educational Standard as soon as available. The authors explore the questions: What is the general level of ICT competence of
math teachers today; is it possible to build a system of training for math teachers to acquire modern ICT competences.
Monetizing Social Value Creation – A Business Model Approach
Authors: Dohrmann Susanne , Raith Matthias , Siebold Nicole 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe creation of social value through entrepreneurial ventures occurs in various dimensions, which are often difficult to compare. From an economic standpoint, however, value creation requires resources and activities that lead to expenditures. The sustainability of social ventures, therefore, depends on how these expenditures are financed. We develop a general framework in which business models of diverse social ventures can be analyzed and categorized. Using a gallery of real-life case studies, we illustrate that social business models can be characterized and ordered by the degree to which they monetize social value creation and the level of generated market revenues in excess of expenditures. Our analysis reveals a positive correlation between the monetization of social value creation and financial output, and it shows that relatively simple changes in the business model can have a significant impact on monetization and market performance. Our framework thus yields several strategic implications for business modeling.
Synthesis of polysubstituted pyridines as potential multidrug resistance modulators
Authors: Krauze Aivars , Grinberga Signe , Sokolova Elina , Domracheva Ilona , Shestakova Irina , Duburs Gunars 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Polysubstituted pyridines 4 bearing methoxyphenyl groups at different positions of the ring have been prepared by the alkylation of 6-thioxo-1,6-dihydropyridines 1 or by the oxidation of 1,4-dihydropyridine 6 with manganese triacetate. The multidrug resistance–modulating (P-glycoprotein inhibition) activity of pyridine derivatives 4 comparable with that of verapamil has been revealed.
Protective effect of some selected fruit blends on testicular toxicity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Obode Okukwe , Okafor Oluwatoyin , Erukainure Ochuko , Ajayi Atinuke , Suberu Yewande , Ogunji Akinyele , Okporua Teressa , Oluwole Oluwatoyin , Ozumba Augusta , Elemo Gloria 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background: The protective effect of a developed drink from blends of selected fruits on the sperm quality of alloxan-induced diabetic rats was investigated.

Methods: Diabetes was intraperitoneally induced with alloxan; the formulated drink blend was orally administered 2.5 or 5 mL/day. Treatment lasted for 14 days and the rats were humanely sacrificed by cervical dislocation. The antioxidant status via assessment of reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) was carried out on the testis, while sperm cells were analyzed for sperm motility, counts and abnormality.

Results: Induction of diabetes led to a significant (p<0.05) decrease in GSH level, elevated SOD and CAT activities, significant (p<0.05) decrease in the sperm quality parameters studied. However, treatment with the formulated drink led to a significant (p<0.05) reduction of LPO, SOD and CAT activities as well as increase in GSH level.

Conclusions: This study shows an improvement in testicular antioxidant activities and sperm qualities by single and double doses of the formulation, suggesting its protective potential against testicular toxicity in diabetic rats.
The Particle Swarm Differential Evolution Algorithm for Ecological Sensor Network Coverage Optimization
Authors: Xu Xing , Hu Na , Ying Weiqin , Wu Yu , Zhou Yang 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe problem of coverage optimization is the challengingly important and key part in the research and application of ecology sensor network related with the ecological monitoring of Poyang Lake. A modified differential evolution algorithm (PSI-DE) combined with particle swarm intelligence is proposed to solve the coverage optimization problem. First, an improved version of the mutation rule combined with self-cognitive and social-cognitive items is introduced. Then, the influence on the coverage optimization performance of the PSI-DE algorithm brought by the five factors – namely, population size, number of iterations, sensing radius size, raster size, and number of nodes – is discussed and analyzed. The statistical results about the best coverage rate, average coverage rate, worst coverage rate, and variance are respectively obtained through a lot of simulation experiments. A series of the coverage rate curves, the line chart, and the node layout are drawn in this paper, and finally, the figures and the statistical results are proven to confirm each other.
Textual indeterminacy revisited: from Roman Ingarden onwards
Authors: Chrzanowska-Kluczewska Elżbieta 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
I discuss the phenomenological approach to the creative apprehension of a literary artwork along the lines set out, from the 1930s to the 1960s, by the Polish philosopher Roman Ingarden. Responding to a revival of interest in phenomenological proposals concerning language and its products, I focus specifically on the problem of ‘indeterminacy’, an inherent feature of both the linguistic system and the fictional worlds that support many literary texts, as envisaged by Ingarden. His works in the area of cognitive philosophy and aesthetics of literature, known to the readers outside Poland in not too numerous German and English versions, still merit the attention of contemporary scholars since they connect well with several frameworks that have taken up the issue of ‘gap-filling’ and its cognitive import. In brief, I would like to bring closer to the reader’s attention the issue of ‘places of indeterminacy’ in texts and text worlds and of their ‘concretization’ by the interpreter, according to the Ingarden model (discussed comprehensively by, among others, Wolfgang Iser). I argue that with some possible modifications, it is still relevant to the study of aesthetic response to both verbal and non-verbal texts from the perspective of phenomenology, cognitive studies and the neuroscience of the arts.
A

Genesis of Literary Semantics
Authors: Eaton Trevor 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Polvinen observes “We must find an alternative to thinking of engagement as primarily a response to systems of knowledge and belief.” My essay takes this imperative as a starting point for proposing an alternative to the knowledge/belief analysis: the Trichotomy of Knowledge. I argue that the knowledge/belief analyses made by A.D. Woozley and A.J. Ayer lack the inclusiveness demanded by a theory of knowledge and that it is this very delimitation which has led to the analytical hindrance which Polvinen is experiencing. The Woozley/Ayer premises impose an exclusive disjunction upon a region (knowledge) whose undefinable entity transcends the object of their investigation. The Trichotomy of Knowledge, as a multimodal system, has greater complexity than the knowledge/belief model; this complexity is justified, however, by the need to complement the deficiencies in the scope of the latter. In my system, art and music and fiction are accorded equal epistemological status with logic, mathematics and science.