bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Village fund management and reporting systems: are they accountable?
Authors: Permatasari Paulina , Budiarso Adi , Dartanto Teguh , Samosir Agunan Paulus , Saputro Bramantya , Ekayana Dewa , Agustono Efid Dwi , Alim Tri Emil , Hartono Leni , Wahyuputri Firli Wulansari , Wardhana Irwanda Wisnu 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to address fundamental questions surrounding accountability within village fund management (VFM) and reporting systems in Indonesia by comparing the number of anomalous data entries with the actual village funds using the VFM data for all Indonesian villages during the period 2018–2020.

Design/methodology/approach
The research presents a pioneering methodology for assessing village fund accountability by analyzing data from all Indonesian villages and using investigative journalism and qualitative analysis. It integrates data from various sources, including government regulations, previous investigations, literature, interviews, etc.

Findings
This research highlights global challenges in development and governance, revealing common issues such as poor management of village funds and the need for strengthened institutional protection enforcement. Referring to the institutional theory, the authors demonstrate how institutional structures influence community behaviors, emphasizing the importance of regulatory frameworks to prevent misuse of public resources and maintain transparency and accountability across various socio-economic and political contexts.

Practical implications
This study emphasizes the necessity for more transparent and accountable fund management practices and calls for broader consideration of implications beyond government impact.

Social implications
This research provides insights for international stakeholders to strengthen their public financial systems, through rigorous monitoring and comprehensive reporting systems.

Originality/value
This study provides the most comprehensive sample comprising all villages in Indonesia that receive village funds and measures the use of village funds based on all village-level disbursements, representing unprecedented research using this form of data.
Canadian inequality over the last 40 years: common and contrary variations on universal themes
Authors: Foley Kelly , Green David A. , Riddell W. Craig 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Gini coefficient for disposable income for Canada in 2019 was approximately the same level it was at in 1995. Underlying this flat recent long‐term pattern is an increase in the level of market earnings inequality in the 1980s and 1990s that Canada shared with other countries followed by a continuing period of flatness in that measure as well. This trend interacted with changes in policy that have, at times, offset earnings inequality trends and at other times exacerbated them. In this paper, we describe these trends and the combination of market and policy forces that drove them. We conclude that explanations rooted in ongoing technology or globalisation forces are less relevant than explanations based on deeper structural changes in the labour market. Those changes affecting earnings inequality were ultimately fully offset by changes in the tax and transfer system as well as labour market policies such as the minimum wage.
Changing labour market and income inequalities in Europe and North America: a parallel project to the IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities in the 21stcentury
Authors: Banks James , Blundell Richard , Bozio Antoine , Cribb Jonathan , Green David , Ziliak James P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe evolution of labour market and disposable income inequalities over recent decades in high‐income countries has generated intense interest in academia and the wider public. The extent to which there have been common trends, or diverging experiences, across a broad range of different countries, remains relatively understudied. The papers in this two‐part special issue seek to provide the bases for consistent comparisons across 17 North American and European countries. In this Introduction we provide background for the cross‐country project, which has been conducted in parallel to the wider IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities. In addition, we provide brief summaries of key trends and findings in the four English‐speaking countries and four Nordic countries, as well as a companion paper on gender pay gaps across all 17 countries.
Firearms, policy, and intimate partner homicide: A structural and disaggregated examination of Black, Latina, and White female victimization
Authors: Gray Andrew C. , Kafonek Katherine , Parker Karen F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntimate partner homicide (IPH) continues to be a form of violence disproportionately affecting women in the United States, and access to firearms can greatly increase the likelihood that intimate partner violence becomes lethal. In response to concerns about firearms violence and their prevalence in IPH incidents specifically, states have passed restrictive firearms laws and policies. In this study, we provide an analysis of female IPH victimization disaggregated by race/ethnicity that incorporates state‐level firearms legislation. Our analytical approach is informed by intersectionality and accounts for other key intimate partner violence policies and structural predictors. We find that the relationship between firearms legislation and IPH varies in magnitude and direction across specific race/ethnicity female victimization groups. As such, our findings provide support for an intersectional framework in that restrictive firearms laws are not consistently associated with lower levels of IPH when incidents are disaggregated by gender and race/ethnicity.
A survey of emergency medical service providers' perspectives regarding relatives influence on acute prehospital treatment of adult patients
Authors: Glad Marie , Grønlund Ingeborg R. , Møller Ann Merete 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the field of prehospital emergency medicine, specialized emergency medical service (EMS) providers interact with acutely ill patients and their relatives. The influence of family presence during in‐hospital resuscitation is well described. However, no studies have previously assessed the influence of relatives' presence in the acute prehospital setting. The aim of this study was to investigate EMS providers' perspectives on relatives' impact on the acute prehospital treatment of adult patients.MethodsAn online anonymous survey was distributed to all prehospital EMS providers in the Capital Region of Denmark. The survey included 25 research questions on a 5‐point Likert scale, investigating relatives' influence on treatment in three different domains: positive, negative, and resuscitation. A higher domain score indicates a high level of agreement or frequency.ResultsTwo hundred forty‐six EMS providers completed the survey (84 ambulance technicians, 87 paramedics, and 75 physicians). There were no significant differences in the positive domain across professions (p = .175). Physicians had a statistically significant lower median score in the negative domain, compared with ambulance technicians and paramedics (2.50 vs. 2.63 and 2.63, p = .024). In the resuscitation domain, paramedics and physicians had a significant lower median score compared with ambulance technicians (3.00 and 3.00 vs. 3.14, p = .003).ConclusionAll professions were equally positive towards the relatives' presence and involvement in the acute prehospital setting. Physicians were less likely to be negatively influenced by the presence of relatives compared with ambulance technicians and paramedics. In all professions, increased experience led to improved comfort with handling relatives.
Sustaining Decarbonisation: Energy Storage, Green Extractivism, and the Future of Mining
Authors: Archer Matthew , Calvão Filipe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWithin the context of the so‐called green energy transition, the mining industry has successfully repositioned itself as a facilitator of, rather than an impediment to, a sustainable future. Underlying the success of this claim is a discourse of sustainability that, on the one hand, equates sustainability with decarbonisation and, on the other hand, insists that the rapid expansion of renewable energy generation and storage infrastructures is the only viable way to decarbonise. Reflecting specifically on the mining industry's increasingly central role within this discourse, this article identifies three key modalities of decarbonisation, each of which involves energy storage as an important component: decarbonisation through mining; decarbonisation of mining; and decarbonisation of mines themselves. Analysing these modalities through the emergent literature on the political ecology of storage, which highlights both the spatial and temporal elements of storage infrastructures, we argue that the reinforcement and expansion of green extractivist logics is driven, in part, by the idea that extractivism can and will unlock new spaces and temporalities of decarbonisation through the installation and expansion of energy storage infrastructures. Consequently, energy storage in mining decarbonisation is not only a form of accumulation, but a condition of possibility for sustaining and generating new forms of capitalist extraction.
How have changes in accessibility and public funding influenced contraceptive use among Norwegian adolescents? A cohort study
Authors: Sæbø Sunniva , Skjeldestad Finn Egil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe Norwegian Government introduced in 2002 a reimbursement scheme for hormonal contraceptives to adolescents at the same time as public health nurses and midwives received authorization to prescribe hormonal contraceptives. This study examines the impact of increased accessibility and public funding on hormonal contraceptive use among adolescents.Material and MethodsThe Norwegian Prescription Database, Statistics Norway, and Norwegian Institute of Public Health served as data sources for this cohort study. The study population comprised 174 653 Norwegian women born 1989–1990, 1994–1995, and 1999–2000. We examined use of hormonal contraceptives through dispensed prescriptions from age 12 through age 19 with duration of first continuous use as primary outcome. The statistical analyses were done in SPSS using chi‐squared test, survival analysis, and Joinpoint regression analysis with p‐values < 0.05.ResultsBy age 19, ~75% of the cohorts had used at least one hormonal method. The main providers of the first prescription were general practitioners and public health nurses. Starters of progestogen‐only pills (POPs) have increased across the cohorts, while starters of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have decreased. The use of long‐acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) has increased since its inclusion in the reimbursement scheme (2015). Most switchers shifted from COCs or POPs as a start method to implants after LARCs became part of the reimbursement scheme. There has been a significant increase across the cohorts in the number of women who continuously used hormonal contraceptives from start to the end of the calendar year they became 19 years with the same method and after switching methods. We could not correlate changes in decreasing trends for teenage births or induced abortions (Joinpoint analysis) to time for implementation or changes in the reimbursement of hormonal contraceptives from 2002.ConclusionsPrimarily public health nurses and to a lesser extent midwives became soon after they received authorization to prescribe COCs important providers. The expansion of the reimbursement scheme to cover POPs, patches, vaginal ring, and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in 2006 had minor impact on increasing the proportion of long‐term first‐time users. However, the inclusion of LARCs in 2015 significantly increased the proportion of long‐term first‐time hormonal contraceptive users.
Use of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes mellitus and outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Desai Aakash , Petrov Jessica , Hashash Jana G. , Patel Harsh , Brahmbhatt Bhaumik , Kochhar Gursimran S. , Farraye Francis A. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryBackgroundGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RA) show anti‐inflammatory properties.AimTo evaluate their clinical impact on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) outcomes.MethodsRetrospective cohort study utilising the TriNetX database comparing IBD‐specific outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on GLP‐1RA compared to oral hypoglycaemic agents. The primary outcome was hospitalisation requiring intravenous steroids and IBD‐related surgery within 3 years. We performed 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) for demographics, co‐morbid conditions, BMI, laboratory values, HbA1c, and IBD medications including steroids.ResultsWe identified 1130 patients in the UC GLP‐1RA cohort (mean age: 58.9 ± 11.6 years, 56.3% female, 70.2% White, 57.2% with obesity) and 1140 patients in the CD GLP‐1RA cohort (mean age: 56.7 ± 11.5, 61.9% female, 73.6% White, 56.2% with obesity). After PSM, there was no difference in the risk of intravenous steroid use (aHR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.92–1.59) but a lower risk of colectomy (aHR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.14–0.97) between the UC GLP‐1RA and control cohort. There was no difference in the risk of intravenous steroid use (aHR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.80–1.34) but a lower risk of surgery (aHR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36–0.84) between the CD GLP‐1RA and CD control cohort. There was no difference in the risk of oral steroid use or advanced therapy initiation in the UC and CD GLP‐1RA than control cohorts.ConclusionsWe found an association between lower risk of IBD‐related surgery and GLP‐1RA use for T2DM in patients with UC or CD.
Digital interventions to support morality: A scoping review
Authors: Scuotto Chiara , Triberti Stefano , Iavarone Maria Luisa , Limone Pierpaolo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMorality and moral reasoning develop over the course of life, but such development may encounter obstacles. Psycho‐educational interventions could be designed to improve moral reasoning and attitude towards prosociality. In the last decades, many interventions employed digital technologies ranging from multicomponent online platforms to serious games and virtual reality, making use of interactivity and immersive properties that could make moral stimuli more engaging.AimsThis study aimed at reviewing the literature on digital interventions to support morality and moral reasoning, carried out with subjects of all age groups.Methods and resultsTwo electronic databases were searched with a systematic approach, and retrieved publications were scanned by authors against inclusion criteria. Twenty‐three articles were reviewed. In general, the literature describes encouraging results of digital interventions to support morality. Moreover, a huge variety of morality conceptualizations emerged across various contexts (e.g., professional, school and sports) as well as various outcome measurements (e.g., change in attitudes and change in behaviour).ConclusionsEffectiveness of digital interventions may relate to immersive and interactive simulations in particular, in that they allow participants not only to learn about moral rules and principles but also to actively exercise their own morality to make decisions. Future research may build on the present scoping review to analyse specific types of interventions' effectiveness with a meta‐analytical approach.
Aetiology and epidemiology of surgical vitreoretinal presentations in an Australian paediatric population: A seven‐year retrospective study
Authors: Bai Amelia , Sharma Abhishek , Chiang Mark , Lee Lawrence 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPaediatric vitreoretinal pathology is distinct from adult cases in both presentation and surgical planning. Here we aim to report the aetiology and epidemiology in children 0–18 years requiring vitreoretinal surgery at a major tertiary paediatric hospital in Queensland, Australia.MethodsRetrospective review of cases requiring vitreoretinal surgery between May 2015 and October 2022 was conducted. Demographics, ocular and medical history, surgical pathology, procedures performed, and epidemiology data were retrieved. Patients were grouped into three main aetiologies: traumatic, syndromic, or secondary.ResultsA total of 124 patients, the majority male (87, 70.2%) with a mean age of 10.3 years underwent vitreoretinal surgery. Trauma accounted for 32.3% of cases requiring surgery of which 47% were due to a penetrating eye injury. 35.5% were associated with a syndromic cause with common aetiology including coats, congenital cataract, sticklers, and retinopathy of prematurity. 32.3% developed secondary pathology and retinal detachment was the primary cause for surgery (55%). The average time from symptom onset to presentation was 30 days (SD 56.88) with patients living an average of 306.2 km (SD 558.9) away from the Queensland Children's Hospital. Older age was significantly associated with increased days to presentation in the traumatic group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study provides an insight into the aetiology and epidemiology of paediatric vitreoretinal presentations in Queensland, Australia.
Unexpected variation in outcomes following total (procto)colectomies for ulcerative colitis in New South Wales, Australia: a population‐based 19‐year linked‐data study
Authors: Giddings Hugh L. , Ng Kheng‐Seong , Solomon Michael J. , Steffens Daniel , Van Buskirk Joe , Young Jane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTotal (procto)colectomy for ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with significant morbidity, which is increased in the emergency setting. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes following total (procto)colectomies at a population level within New South Wales (NSW), Australia, and identify case mix and hospital factors associated with these outcomes.MethodsA retrospective data linkage study of patients undergoing total (procto)colectomy for UC in NSW over a 19‐year period (2001–2020) was performed. The primary outcome was 90‐day mortality. The influence of hospital level factors (including annual volume) and patient demographic variables on outcomes was assessed using logistic regression. Temporal trends in annual volume and evidence for centralization were assessed.ResultsIn all, 1418 patients (mean 47.0 years [SD 18.7], 58.7% male) underwent total (procto)colectomy during the study period. The overall 90‐day mortality rate was 3.2% (emergency 8.6% and elective 0.8%). After adjusting for confounding, increasing age at total (procto)colectomy, higher comorbidity burden, public health insurance (Medicare) status, emergency operation and living outside a major city were significantly associated with increased mortality. Hospital volume was significantly associated with mortality at a univariate level, but this did not persist on multivariate modelling.ConclusionsOutcomes of UC patients undergoing total (procto)colectomy in NSW Australia are comparable to international experience. Whilst higher mortality rates are observed in low volume and public hospitals, this appears attributable to case mix and acuity rather than surgical volume alone. However, as inflammatory bowel disease surgery is not centralized in Australia, only one NSW hospital performed >10 UC total (procto)colectomies annually. Variation in mortality according to insurance status and across regional/remote areas may indicate inequality in the availability of specialist inflammatory bowel disease treatment, which warrants further research.
Cerebral Doppler imaging in neonates: A guide for clinical application and diagnosis
Authors: Horsch Sandra , Schwarz Simone , Arnaez Juan , Steggerda Sylke , Arena Roberta , Govaert Paul ,   the EurUS.Brain group
Published: June 2024

AbstractCranial ultrasound reliably diagnoses many neonatal brain disorders. Adding Doppler imaging expands the spectrum by providing information on the status of the vasculature and haemodynamics that may guide further diagnostic and clinical management. Doppler imaging may identify neonates with congenital or acquired vascular abnormalities such as perinatal stroke, sinuvenous thrombosis, vein of Galen malformation, dural sinus malformation, sinus pericranii, and developmental venous anomaly. These entities may need further investigation with complementary imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography, or conventional angiography.This review aims to help clinicians to improve their Doppler sonography knowledge and skills in order to use this helpful tool in neonates with neurological symptoms or suspected cerebral vascular abnormalities admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.
Changes in lean body mass with glucagon‐like peptide‐1‐based therapies and mitigation strategies
Authors: Neeland Ian J. , Linge Jennifer , Birkenfeld Andreas L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWeight loss induced by glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R)/glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists is coming closer to the magnitudes achieved with surgery. However, with greater weight loss there is concern about potential side effects on muscle quantity (mass), health and function. There is heterogeneity in the reported effects of GLP‐1‐based therapies on lean mass changes in clinical trials: in some studies, reductions in lean mass range between 40% and 60% as a proportion of total weight lost, while other studies show lean mass reductions of approximately 15% or less of total weight lost. There are several potential reasons underlying this heterogeneity, including population, drug‐specific/molecular, and comorbidity effects. Furthermore, changes in lean mass may not always reflect changes in muscle mass as the former measure includes not only muscle but also organs, bone, fluids, and water in fat tissue. Based on contemporary evidence with the addition of magnetic resonance imaging‐based studies, skeletal muscle changes with GLP‐1RA treatments appear to be adaptive: reductions in muscle volume seem to be commensurate with what is expected given ageing, disease status, and weight loss achieved, and the improvement in insulin sensitivity and muscle fat infiltration likely contributes to an adaptive process with improved muscle quality, lowering the probability for loss in strength and function. Nevertheless, factors such as older age and severity of disease may influence the selection of appropriate candidates for these therapies due to risk of sarcopenia. To further improve muscle health during weight loss, several pharmacological treatments to maintain or improve muscle mass designed in combination with GLP‐1‐based therapies are under development. Future research on GLP‐1‐based and other therapies designed for weight loss should focus on more accurate and meaningful assessments of muscle mass, composition, as well as function, mobility or strength, to better define their impact on muscle health for the substantial number of patients who will likely be taking these medications well into the future.