bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competing iconicities in the structure of languages
Authors: Meir Irit , Padden Carol , Aronoff Mark , Sandler Wendy 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe paper examines the role that iconicity plays in the structuring of grammars. Two main points are argued for: (a) Grammar does not necessarily suppress iconicity; rather, iconicity and grammar can enjoy a congenial relation in that iconicity can play an active role in the structuring of grammars. (b) Iconicity is not monolithic. There are different types of iconicity and languages take advantage of the possibilities afforded by them. We examine the interaction between iconicity and grammar by focusing on the ways in which sign languages employ the physical body of the signer as a rich iconic resource for encoding a variety of grammatical notions. We show that the body can play three different roles in iconic forms in sign languages: it can be used as a naming device where body parts represent body parts; it can represent the subject argument of verbal signs, and it can stand for first person. These strategies interact and sometimes compete in the languages under study. Each language resolves these competitions differently, which results in different grammars and grammatical structures. The investigation of the ways in which grammar and iconicity interact in these languages provides insight into the nature of both systems.
Direct speech compounds: Evoking socio-cultural scenarios through fictive interaction
Authors: Pascual Esther , Królak Emilia , Janssen Theo A. J. M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis paper examines English nominal compounds whose modifier could serve as a self-sufficient discourse unit (e.g. “Hi honey, I'm home happiness,” “‘not happy, money back’ guarantee”). The scant literature on the construction treats such modifiers as embedded sentences, clauses, or phrases. Drawing on a collection of over 7,000 different examples from written as well as oral English of various dialects and registers, we suggest that regardless of their internal syntax, they always constitute (pieces of) fictive conversational turns. They are structured by the conversation frame as they are based on our everyday experience with situated communication. Hence, they constitute instances of fictive interaction (Pascual 2002). The direct speech element metonymically sets up a significant and easily knowable or recognizable scenario, which serves as a reference point for subcategorizing the denotative potential of the head noun. Making use of encyclopedic and episodic knowledge, direct speech compounds serve to name subjective semantic categories. They are catchy and involving, as they construct a sense of immediacy through (re)enactment. We claim their use to be motivated by the cultural model that relates saying, believing and the truth (Sweetser 1993 [1987]) as well as the understanding of talk-in-interaction as the most concrete indication of the utterer's mental, emotional and behavioral world (cf. Cicourel 1973).
Toric varieties, monoid schemes and cdh descent
Authors: Cortiñas Guillermo , Haesemeyer Christian , Walker Mark E. , Weibel Charles 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

We give conditions for the Mayer–Vietoris property to hold for
the algebraic K-theory of blow-up squares of toric varieties
and schemes, using the theory of monoid schemes. These conditions are used to relate algebraic K-theory to
topological cyclic homology in characteristic p. To achieve our goals, we develop many notions for monoid schemes
based on classical algebraic geometry,
such as separated and proper maps and resolution of singularities.
On Lagrangian fibrations by Jacobians I
Authors: Sawon Justin 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Let Y → ℙ
n
be a flat family of integral Gorenstein curves,
such that the compactified relative Jacobian X = J̅
d
(Y/ℙ
n
) is a Lagrangian fibration. We prove that the degree of the discriminant locus Δ ⊂ ℙ
n
is at least
4n + 2, and we prove that X is a Beauville–Mukai integrable system if deg Δ > 4n + 20.
Model for calculating physicochemical properties of aluminosilicate melt
Authors: Zhang Guo-Hua , Chou Kuo-Chih 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIt is an important issue to calculate the physicochemical properties of aluminosilicate melt based on some known data. However, it is also a difficult issue to do so, especially for a multicomponent slag system since the available data are very limited due to the difficulty of experimental measurement at high temperature. In this paper, a method is suggested to resolve this problem, which is particularly significant. This model can be well used to estimate the electrical conductivity, viscosity, molar volume and surface tension of aluminosilicate melt.
Electrodeposition of Solar Cell Grade Silicon in High Temperature Molten Salts
Authors: Xu Junli , Haarberg Geir Martin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractSilicon is the most common material used in solar cells. High cost of silicon restricts the widely use of PV power. In order to make solar cells more accessible and affordable, it is strongly needed to develop a new and low-cost production process of solar energy silicon (SoG-Si). Electrodeposition of SoG-Si films appears to be a cost saving technique since solidification and sawing steps which contribute significantly to the overall cost of solar cells will be bypassed. Electrodeposition of SoG-Si has been evaluated during the last three decades, and some of them have shown promising results. Thermodynamic and kinetic considerations which relate to the electrodeposition of silicon are discussed, and progresses towards the developments of the electrodeposition of silicon in high temperature molten salts are reviewed in this paper.
Power System Oscillation Modes Identifications: Guidelines for Applying TLS-ESPRIT Method
Authors: Gajjar Gopal R. , Soman Shreevardhan 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Fast measurements of power system quantities available through wide-area measurement systems enables direct observations for power system electromechanical oscillations. But the raw observations data need to be processed to obtain the quantitative measures required to make any inference regarding the power system state. A detailed discussion is presented for the theory behind the general problem of oscillatory mode indentification. This paper presents some results on oscillation mode identification applied to a wide-area frequency measurements system. Guidelines for selection of parametes for obtaining most reliable results from the applied method are provided. Finally, some results on real measurements are presented with our inference on them.
Optimal Rescheduling of Generators for Congestion Management and Benefit Maximization in a Decentralized Bilateral Multi-transactions Power Network
Authors: Singh Brijesh , Mahanty Ranjit , Singh S.P. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a framework to achieve an optimal power flow solution in a decentralized bilateral multitransaction-based market. An independent optimal dispatch solution has been used for each market. The interior point (IP)-based optimization technique has been used for finding a global economic optimal solution of the whole system. In this method, all the participants try to maximize their own profits with the help of system information announced by the operator. In the present work, a parallel algorithm has been used to find out a global optimum solution in decentralized market model. The study has been carried out on a modified IEEE-30 bus system. The results show that the suggested decentralized approach can provide a better optimal solution. The obtained results show the effectiveness of IP optimization-based optimal generator schedule and congestion management in the decentralized market.
Impedance seen by Distance Relays on Lines Fed from Fixed Speed Wind Turbines
Authors: Srivastava Sachin , Shenoy U.J. , Chandra Biswal Abhinna , Sethuraman Ganesan 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This paper deals with line protection challenges experienced in a system having substantial wind generation penetration. Two types of generators, thermal synchronous generators and fixed speed wind turbines based on squirrel-cage induction generators, are simulated as thevenin equivalent model, connected to grid with single-circuit transmission line. The paper gives comparative discussion and summarizes analytical investigations carried out on the impedance seen by distance relays by varying fault resistances and grid short circuit MVA, for the protection of such transmission lines during faults.
Vowel Phoneme Segmentation for Speaker Identification Using an ANN-Based Framework
Authors: Sarma Mousmita , Sarma Kandarpa Kumar 
Published: April 2013

AbstractVowel phonemes are a part of any acoustic speech signal. Vowel sounds occur in speech more frequently and with higher energy. Therefore, vowel phoneme can be used to extract different amounts of speaker discriminative information in situations where acoustic information is noise corrupted. This article presents an approach to identify a speaker using the vowel sound segmented out from words spoken by the speaker. The work uses a combined self-organizing map (SOM)- and probabilistic neural network (PNN)-based approach to segment the vowel phoneme. The segmented vowel is later used to identify the speaker of the word by matching the patterns with a learning vector quantization (LVQ)-based code book. The LVQ code book is prepared by taking features of clean vowel phonemes uttered by the male and female speakers to be identified. The proposed work formulates a framework for the design of a speaker-recognition model of the Assamese language, which is spoken by ∼3 million people in the Northeast Indian state of Assam. The experimental results show that the segmentation success rates obtained using a SOM-based technique provides an increase of at least 7% compared with the discrete wavelet transform-based technique. This increase contributes to the improvement in overall performance of speaker identification by ∼3% compared with earlier related works.
Nanostructured phase-changeable heat transfer fluids
Authors: Xu Jiajun , Yang Bao 
Published: April 2013

AbstractCooling is one of the most important technique challenges faced by a range of diverse industries and military needs. There is an urgent need for the innovative heat transfer fluids with improved thermal properties over the currently available. This review paper discusses the concept of using phase-changeable nanoparticles to increase the effective heat capacity and the heat transfer rate of the fluid. A large amount of heat can be absorbed or released when these nanoparticles undergo phase transition from solid to liquid or liquid to gas or vice versa and, thus, enhancing the heat transfer rate. Two types of phase-change fluids are introduced: one contains liquid nanodroplets that will evaporate at elevated temperatures or solidifies at reduced temperatures, called “nanoemulsion fluids”; the other is suspensions of solid-liquid metallic phase-change nanoparticles. The material synthesis and property characterizations of these phase-changeable fluids are two main aspects of this paper. The explosive vaporization of the dispersed nanodroplets would significantly improve the heat transfer in the nanoemulsion fluid. The solid-liquid metallic phase-change nanoparticles will increase the effective heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the base fluids simultaneously. This paper also identifies the several critical issues in the phase-changeable fluids to be solved in the future.
Genetics in endocrinology: Genetics of mineralocorticoid excess: an update for clinicians
Authors: Zennaro Maria-Christina , Rickard Amanda Jane , Boulkroun Sheerazed 
Published: April 2013

Aldosterone plays a major role in the regulation of sodium and potassium homeostasis and blood pressure. More recently, aldosterone has emerged as a key hormone mediating end organ damage. In extreme cases, dysregulated aldosterone production leads to primary aldosteronism (PA), the most common form of secondary hypertension. However, even within the physiological range, high levels of aldosterone are associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension over time. PA represents the most common and curable form of hypertension, with a prevalence that increases with the severity of hypertension. Although genetic causes underlying glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism, one of the three Mendelian forms of PA, were established some time ago, somatic and inherited mutations in the potassium channel GIRK4 have only recently been implicated in the formation of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and in familial hyperaldosteronism type 3. Moreover, recent findings have shown somatic mutations in two additional genes, involved in maintaining intracellular ionic homeostasis and cell membrane potential, in a subset of APAs.This review summarizes our current knowledge on the genetic determinants that contribute to variations in plasma aldosterone and renin levels in the general population and the genetics of familial and sporadic PA. Various animal models that have significantly improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of excess aldosterone production are also discussed. Finally, we outline the cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic consequences of mineralocorticoid excess beyond blood pressure regulation.
Identification of Cilia Genes That Affect Cell-Cycle Progression Using Whole-Genome Transcriptome Analysis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtti
Authors: Albee Alison J , Kwan Alan L , Lin Huawen , Granas David , Stormo Gary D , Dutcher Susan K 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Cilia are microtubule based organelles that project from cells. Cilia are found on almost every cell type of the human body and numerous diseases, collectively termed ciliopathies, are associated with defects in cilia, including respiratory infections, male infertility, situs inversus, polycystic kidney disease, retinal degeneration, and Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. Here we show that Illumina-based whole-genome transcriptome analysis in the biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii identifies 1850 genes up-regulated during ciliogenesis, 4392 genes down-regulated, and 4548 genes with no change in expression during ciliogenesis. We examined four genes up-regulated and not previously known to be involved with cilia (ZMYND10, NXN, GLOD4, SPATA4) by knockdown of the human orthologs in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (hTERT-RPE1) cells to ask whether they are involved in cilia-related processes that include cilia assembly, cilia length control, basal body/centriole numbers, and the distance between basal bodies/centrioles. All of the genes have cilia-related phenotypes and, surprisingly, our data show that knockdown of GLOD4 and SPATA4 also affects the cell cycle. These results demonstrate that whole-genome transcriptome analysis during ciliogenesis is a powerful tool to gain insight into the molecular mechanism by which centrosomes and cilia are assembled.
AKAP9 Is Essential for Spermatogenesis and Sertoli Cell Maturation in Mice
Authors: Schimenti Kerry J , Feuer Sky K , Griffin Laurie B , Graham Nancy R , Bovet Claire A , Hartford Suzanne , Pendola Janice , Lessard Carl , Schimenti John C , Ward Jeremy O 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Mammalian male fertility relies on complex inter- and intracellular signaling during spermatogenesis. Here we describe three alleles of the widely expressed A-kinase anchoring protein 9 (Akap9) gene, all of which cause gametogenic failure and infertility in the absence of marked somatic phenotypes. Akap9 disruption does not affect spindle nucleation or progression of prophase I of meiosis but does inhibit maturation of Sertoli cells, which continue to express the immaturity markers anti-Mullerian hormone and thyroid hormone receptor alpha in adults and fail to express the maturation marker p27Kip1. Furthermore, gap and tight junctions essential for blood–testis barrier (BTB) organization are disrupted. Connexin43 (Cx43) and zona occludens-1 are improperly localized in Akap9 mutant testes, and Cx43 fails to compartmentalize germ cells near the BTB. These results identify and support a novel reproductive tissue-specific role for Akap9 in the coordinated regulation of Sertoli cells in the testis.
Temporal Trends in Survival Among Infants With Critical Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Oster Matthew E. , Lee Kyung A. , Honein Margaret A. , Riehle-Colarusso Tiffany , Shin Mikyong , Correa Adolfo 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the trends in survival for infants with critical congenital heart defects (CCHDs) and to examine the potential impact of timing of diagnosis and other prognostic factors on survival.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective population-based cohort study in infants born with structural congenital heart defects (CHDs) between 1979 and 2005 and ascertained by the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program. We estimated Kaplan-Meier survival probabilities for 12 CCHD phenotypes by birth era and timing of diagnosis among infants without noncardiac defects or chromosomal disorders and used stratified Cox proportional hazards models to assess potential prognostic factors.

RESULTS:
Of 1 056 541 births, there were 6965 infants with CHDs (1830 with CCHDs). One-year survival was 75.2% for those with CCHDs (n = 1336) vs 97.1% for those with noncritical CHDs (n = 3530; P &lt; .001). One-year survival for infants with CCHDs improved from 67.4% for the 1979–1993 birth era to 82.5% for the 1994–2005 era (P &lt; .001). One-year survival was 71.7% for infants with CCHDs diagnosed at ≤1 day of age (n = 890) vs 82.5% for those with CCHDs diagnosed at &gt;1 day of age (n = 405; P &lt; .001). There was a significantly higher risk of 1-year mortality for infants with an earlier birth era, earlier diagnosis, and low birth weight and whose mothers were &lt;30 years old.

CONCLUSIONS:
One-year survival for infants with CCHDs has been improving over time, yet mortality remains high. Later diagnosis is associated with improved 1-year survival. These benchmark data and identified prognostic factors may aid future evaluations of the impact of pulse oximetry screening on survival from CCHDs.
Severely Scarred Oronasal Cleft Defects in Edentulous Adults: Initial Data on the Long-Term Outcome of Telescoped Obturator Prostheses Supported by Zygomatic Implants
Authors: Landes Constantin A. , Ghanaati Sharam , Ballon Alexander , Thai Van Dung , Reinhard René , Nolte Dieter , Piwowarczyk Andree , Wagner Mathias , Sader Robert 
Published: April 2013

Objective Prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients presenting with severely scarred oronasal cleft defects. To document the outcome of telescopic obturator prostheses attached to zygomatic implants in edentulous cleft lip and palate patients. Patients and Methods Four edentulous patients suffering from the consequences of cleft lip and palate were selected from a cohort of 52 patients who had received zygomatic implants between 1998 and 2010. Oronasal communication had persisted and severe scars and chronic infection were noted in the cleft region. Bone grafting procedures were contraindicated due to high risk for dehiscence. For the functional support of telescopic prostheses, nine zygomatic implants and two standard dental implants had been placed. Results The zygomatic implants and the telescopic prostheses survived an average of 62 months (37 to 99 months) and were successful. Patients' satisfaction and oral function improved (on visual analog scale and oral health impact profile). Conclusions Telescopic obturator dentures supported by zygomatic implants represent a feasible option for the prosthetic rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate patients with severe impairments of the edentulous ridges including atrophy, scar tissue, ridge defects, oronasal communication, and chronic infection in the cleft region.
Role of Filopodia in HSV-1 Entry into Zebrafish 3-O-Sulfotransferase-3-Expressing Cells
Authors: Choudhary Samiksha , Burnham Lorrie , Thompson Jeffrey M , Shukla Deepak , Tiwari Vaibhav 
Published: April 2013

Background:Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) modified by zebrafish (ZF) encoded glucosaminyl 3-O sulfotransferase-3 (3-OST-3) generate a receptor for herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) entry and spread. In order to elucidate the mechanism by which HSV-1 enters into ZF-3-OST-3 cells, we investigated the mode of viral entry.Results:Under high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), actin cytoskeleton changes were observed by a dramatic increase in the number of filopodia formed during early interactions of HSV-1 with the target cells. While the increase in number was common among all the infected cells, the highest numbers of filopodia was observed in cells expressing the 3-OST-3 modified form of heparan sulfate (HS) encoded either by human or ZF. The levels of viral infection and filopodia induction were reduced with the actin polymerization inhibitors, Cytochalasin-D and Lantriculin B, suggesting an important role for actin reorganization during ZF-3-OST-3 mediated HSV-1 entry. Supporting an interesting possibility of filopodia usage during HSV-1 spread, pre-treatment of cytochalasin D in ZF-3-OST-3 cells drastically reduced virus glycoprotein induced cell fusion.Conclusions:Taken together, our results provide new evidence on the involvement of filopodia during HSV-1 infection of ZF-3-OST-3 cells and confirm a role for modified heparan sulfate in cytoskeleton rearrangement during HSV-1 entry.
How Does the Strength of the Financial Regulatory Regime Influence Auditors' Judgments to Constrain Aggressive Reporting in a Principles-Based Versus Rules-Based Accounting Environment?
Authors: Cohen Jeffrey R. , Krishnamoorthy Ganesh , Peytcheva Marietta , Wright Arnold M. 
Published: April 2013

SYNOPSIS:
With the movement toward adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) worldwide, a question arises as to whether the adoption of a principles-based approach, such as IFRS, will ultimately result in higher-quality financial reporting. This issue is particularly relevant because, even though for now the SEC is not adopting IFRS, the securities markets and the SEC still need to ponder the implications of a decision that may lead to the ultimate adoption of, or at least some degree of convergence with, IFRS in the U.S. To examine this issue, we employ an experiment with 97 experienced auditors as participants. Using a case setting involving the classification of a lease (operating versus capital), we manipulate the accounting standard type as rules-based or principles-based, and the regulatory regime as stronger or weaker. The lease setting is one where there are indications of management's incentives to leave the debt off of the balance sheet and, hence, engage in aggressive reporting. We find, as expected, that auditors are more likely to constrain aggressive reporting under principles-based accounting standards than under rules-based standards, under both stronger and weaker regulatory regimes. Importantly, from a public policy perspective, the results indicate that auditors' judgments under principles-based standards, regardless of the strength of the financial regulatory regime, lead to more conservative reporting when compared to rules-based standards coupled with a stronger financial regulatory regime, which is the way the U.S. environment is often characterized.