bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PR10: Re-engineering immunity to treat pancreas cancer
Authors: Stromnes Ingunn M. , Brockenbrough Scott , Schmitt Thomas M. , Hotes Jennifer D. , Carlson Markus A. , Cuevos Carlos , Greenberg Philip D. , Hingorani Sunil R. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Designing T cells to effectively and safely target pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has therapeutic promise, especially if combined with approaches to modify the desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor environment. We cloned and expressed a panel of enhanced affinity PDA-specific T cell receptors and the fate and function of such engineered tumor-specific T cells have been tracked in vivo using a genetically engineered mouse model of PDA (KPC) that we have backcrossed to C57Bl/6. Engineered T cells preferentially accumulate in PDA and express markers indicative of antigen recognition only in tumors and not peripheral sites. The transfer of engineered PDA-specific T cells significantly increased tumor cell apoptosis and remodeled the tumor matrix. However, over-time, persisting tumor-infiltrating, engineered T cells expressed markers associated with chronic antigen signaling and exhibited dysfunction as compared to donor T cells isolated from the periphery of the same host, indicating selective immunosuppression at the tumor site. Ongoing studies have identified distinct populations of immunosuppressive cells in PDA that are selectively being targeted to reveal how to sustain and enhance the activity of tumor-specific T cells. Our studies aim to elucidate the cellular and molecular signals impacting the activity of T cells specific to naturally occurring antigens overexpressed by PDA that will help to provide essential insights for the engineering of human lymphocytes and the design of clinical trials to translate our findings to patient treatment.
This abstract is also presented as Poster B58.
Citation Format: Ingunn M. Stromnes, Scott Brockenbrough, Thomas M. Schmitt, Jennifer D. Hotes, Markus A. Carlson, Carlos Cuevos, Philip D. Greenberg, Sunil R. Hingorani. Re-engineering immunity to treat pancreas cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR10.
Abstract PR11: CD4+ T lymphocyte ablation prevents pancreatic carcinogenesis in mice
Authors: Zhang Yaqing , Yan Wei , Mathew Esha , Bednar Filip , Wan Shanshan , Collins Meredith A. , Evans Rebecca A. , Welling Theodore H. , Vonderheide Robert H. , Magliano Marina Pasca di 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest human malignancies, is associated with oncogenic Kras and is most commonly preceded by precursor lesions known as Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasias (PanINs). PanIN formation is accompanied by the establishment of an immune-tolerant microenvironment. However, the immune contribution to the initiation of pancreatic cancer is currently poorly understood. Here, we show that oncogenic Kras-expressing epithelial cells drive the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment through the recruitment and activity of CD4+ T cells. We further show that CD4+ T cells functionally repress the activity of CD8+ T cells. Elimination of CD4+ T cells uncovers CD8+ T cells anti-neoplastic function, and blocks the onset of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Thus, our studies uncover essential and opposing roles of immune cells during PanIN formation, and provide rationale to explore immune-modulatory approaches in pancreatic cancer.
This abstract is also presented as Poster A48.
Citation Format: Yaqing Zhang, Wei Yan, Esha Mathew, Filip Bednar, Shanshan Wan, Meredith A. Collins, Rebecca A. Evans, Theodore H. Welling, Robert H. Vonderheide, Marina Pasca di Magliano. CD4+ T lymphocyte ablation prevents pancreatic carcinogenesis in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR11.
Abstract PR13: Pancreatic tumor stem cells resistant to inhibition of oncogenic signaling are dependent on mitochondrial function
Authors: Viale Andrea , Pettazzoni Piergiorgio , Lyssiotis Costas , Ying Haoqiang , Sánchez Nora , Marchesini Matteo , Carugo Alessandro , Green Tessa , Seth Sahil , Giuliani Virginia , Heffernan Timothy , Kimmelman Alec , Wang Huamin , Fleming Jason , Cantley Lewis , DePinho Ronald , Draetta Giulio 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to have a poor prognosis despite extensive characterization of underlying genetic lesions. Although KRAS mutation is a signature driver event required for tumor development and maintenance, all the attempts made to target oncogene-driven signaling pathways have been met with minimal impact on survival and tumors eventually relapse, suggesting that ablation of oncogenic pathways fails to eradicate tumor cells. We used a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC in which we could control the expression of mutant KRAS in a time- and tissue-specific manner to study the effects of ablating oncogenic signaling on PDAC cells. As previously described (Ying et al. 2012), this model showed rapid tumor growth when KRAS was expressed, followed by robust tumor regression upon oncogene ablation. However a small population of tumor cells survive genetic and pharmacological inactivation of KRAS. These surviving cells are tumor stem cells able to remain in a quiescent state for months before repopulating the original tumor upon reactivation of KRAS signaling. In depth transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed surviving cells have different metabolic features with respect to the bulk of tumor cells, showing a prominent expression of genes governing mitochondrial function, β-oxidation and autophagy, as well as strong reliance on mitochondrial respiration, yet these cells also displayed impaired glycolytic capacity. In accord with their decreased dependence on glycolysis for cellular energetics and their complete absence of glycolytic reserve, these PDAC surviving tumor stem cells show high sensitivity to oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors, which prevented tumor recurrence. Our integrated analysis paves the way for new therapeutic strategies combining KRAS signaling and oxidative phosphorylation inhibition to completely eradicate pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
This abstract is also presented as Poster A87.
Citation Format: Andrea Viale, Piergiorgio Pettazzoni, Costas Lyssiotis, Haoqiang Ying, Nora Sánchez, Matteo Marchesini, Alessandro Carugo, Tessa Green, Sahil Seth, Virginia Giuliani, Timothy Heffernan, Alec Kimmelman, Huamin Wang, Jason Fleming, Lewis Cantley, Ronald DePinho, Giulio Draetta. Pancreatic tumor stem cells resistant to inhibition of oncogenic signaling are dependent on mitochondrial function. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR13.
Abstract A07: Included in the debate: Women's perspectives on mammography after experiencing a false positive screen
Authors: Thomson Maria D. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background: The utility of mammography screening as an efficacious tool for early detection is being contested due to the risk of potential harms including false positives and over-diagnosis. Yet there is little research regarding women's experiences, values or preferences for participating in mammography programs. Our aim was to explore women's actual experiences of a false positive mammography screen and their perceptions of the value, risks and benefits given their recent experience among a diverse group of mammography screeners.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were completed with 40 women who experienced a recent false positive mammogram at an academic hospital that provides care to low-income, medically underserved women. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. A directed content analysis was used to identify and explore primary themes. Knowledge of breast cancer risk was also assessed.
Findings: Unlike most cancer screening samples, women in our study were quite diverse; 45% were African American, 27% were uninsured or insured through Medicare/Medicaid and 22.5% reported incomes less than $30,000. Receiving a false positive mammography screen generated worry among 60% (n=24) of women. Yet 70% maintained that mammography screening was necessary despite the worry incurred. Women also described the experience as stimulating greater interest in additional cancer prevention activities (32.5%; n=13) and one third discussed needing more information about the risks and benefits of mammography screening. Less than one quarter of women (22.5%; n=9) correctly identified a women's lifetime risk of developing breast cancer, 20% (n=8) overestimated and 57.5% (n=23) underestimated this risk.
Conclusion: Our findings represent the experiences of a diverse sample of women whose voices are typically underrepresented and often excluded from the ongoing and contentious medical dialogue regarding mammography. Women reported needing more information about the risks and benefits of mammography screening but also considered false positives an acceptable risk. It is clear that women require and are demanding, more information regarding breast cancer prevention in general and mammography screening in particular. Further, our results suggest that breast cancer screening programs may provide a unique opportunity to deliver additional breast cancer prevention interventions.
Citation Format: Maria D. Thomson. Included in the debate: Women's perspectives on mammography after experiencing a false positive screen. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A07.
Abstract A10: Community navigators for breast and cervical cancer screening and follow up
Authors: Simon Melissa A. , Tom Laura S. , Riva Erika E. de la , Malin Emily L. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Recent multi-site trials evaluating the efficacy of patient navigation programs have found only modest effects on reducing follow-up time among patients with abnormal breast and cervical cancer screening tests. However, patient navigators in these efficacy trials have primarily been situated within a hospital or clinic – not nested within the community. We sought to further elucidate the potential impact of patient navigation by exploring how patient navigation initiatives in various community settings can address complex barriers to care.
Methods: We present four case studies to provide insight on the value of community-nested navigators in increasing breast and cervical cancer screening and follow-up. Case studies include: (1) a community-level adaptation of patient navigation to Chicago's Chinatown; (2) a community navigation and outreach program in the racially/ethnically diverse Chicago Lawn; (3) a county-wide dissemination of navigation in suburban DuPage County; and (4) a state-wide scaling of a patient navigation model to the Illinois Department of Health and Family Services. Case study data were derived from focus groups, key informant interviews, medical records review, and patient surveys.
Results: Case studies describe the roles of community navigators and the challenges of navigating immigrant, non-English proficient patients in particular. Translating clinic-based patient navigators into community navigators to guide women through clinics, specialty referrals, diagnostic/testing sites, and wrap around services (e.g., transportation, housing, support groups, legal counseling) may help alleviate complex barriers to care in resource-thin environments.
Conclusion: Community navigators are promising connectors and advocates for health care services delivery and prevention for culturally and linguistically isolated populations as well as communities with limited health care safety net systems. The community, county, and state-wide scaling of patient navigation described in these case studies serve as viable models for future patient navigation initiatives in low-resource settings to reduce cancer disparities.
Citation Format: Melissa A. Simon, Laura S. Tom, Erika E. de la Riva, Emily L. Malin. Community navigators for breast and cervical cancer screening and follow up. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A10.
Abstract A33: The association between breast cancer treatment decisions, fertility and emotional well-being among premenopausal women: An original data collection
Authors: Campbell Angela Gale , Hillemeier Marianne , Anderson Roger 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Women in their reproductive years, ages 14 through 44, account for 15% of all breast cancer cases in the United States (Tomao et al, 2010). The 5-year survival rate for women diagnosed during these years is on average 85% (“Cancer Survival by Age”, 2014). Breast cancer treatment often leads to infertility (Tomao et al, 2010). Therefore, many survivors will become infertile without reaching their desired family size. Unfortunately, prior studies reveal low patient awareness of the infertility risks associated with cancer treatment until after they have completed treatment (Crawshaw et al, 2009). This suggests a potential decrease in quality of life once they enter remission. This paper outlines the process of developing a survey for original data collection among women in Pennsylvania who are registered as breast cancer survivors and who were diagnosed during their reproductive years. The central focus of the study is whether breast cancer treatment and remission is associated with a change in family size expectations among pre-menopausal women and if this is associated with the information a woman receives before she begins treatment. Additionally, we will be asking if the change in family size expectations pre and post-treatment are associated with feelings of regret, satisfaction or depression. Questions are taken largely from surveys focused on medical decision making. An original conceptual model is developed.
Citation Format: Angela Gale Campbell, Marianne Hillemeier, Roger Anderson. The association between breast cancer treatment decisions, fertility and emotional well-being among premenopausal women: An original data collection. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A33.
Abstract A46: SOURCE: Strengthening Our Understanding of Research through Community Engagement
Authors: Gonzalez Evelyn , Fleisher Linda G. , Washington Armenta , Ortiz Rosa , King Andrea 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Each year research finding from clinical trials advance the quality of care provided to cancer patients. Yet, participation in the United States remains under 3% for the general population and lower rates of participation amongst racial and ethnic minority groups. A significant amount of research has been conducted to evaluate barriers to participation. Our team set out to explore motivators and/or facilitators to participation in addition to barriers. SOURCE: Strengthening Our Understanding of Research through Community Engagement is an NCI funded pilot project designed to explore community responses to actual clinical trial studies by African American and Hispanic/Latino audiences. Utilizing a series of scenarios, participants were introduced to four studies including a biospecimen tobacco study, a longitudinal prevention study, and two randomized treatment trials. The mechanism used to gain this information is community dialogues and group discussions with guidance from a steering committee comprised of community leaders and behavioral and basic scientists from Fox Chase Cancer Center. Results from the targeted questions used to prompt responses and discussion will be used to tailor recruitment efforts, education and outreach, and professional training. In total, four sessions occurred and 96 participated in our community dialogues; 71% were female, 48% Hispanic/Latino and the average age was 57. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected, the later via ARS (automatic response systems). During our session we will share information regarding concerns the groups expressed, information they seek initially when presented with the option of participation in a clinical trials and share the recommendations provided by participants to keep the community and patients informed and engaged.
Citation Format: Evelyn Gonzalez, Linda G. Fleisher, Armenta Washington, Rosa Ortiz, Andrea King. SOURCE: Strengthening Our Understanding of Research through Community Engagement. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A46.
Abstract A51: Ethnic and gender disparities in limb-salvage rates among pediatric sarcoma patients
Authors: Somerson Jeremy , Kim Isaac , Rajani Rajiv 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Introduction: Racial and ethnic disparities in limb-salvage surgery have been reported among adult sarcoma patients. The purpose of this work was to explore treatment patterns by ethnicity and gender in a cohort of pediatric sarcoma patients
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all consecutive patients under the age of 18 treated for sarcoma at the study institution with diagnoses from 1999 to 2011 who underwent surgery for limb salvage or amputation. Statistical analysis of patient demographics (age, sex, ethnicity and BMI) was performed to assess for factors associated with limb salvage surgery.
Results: 51 records were identified as pediatric patients who underwent surgery for extremity sarcoma in the defined study period. 5 records were excluded due to inadequate availability of body site or surgery type documentation, leaving a cohort of 46 patients. Hispanic patients were more likely to undergo amputation (10 of 36) compared to non-Hispanics (5 of 10; p = 0.03). Female patients were more likely to have had limb salvage (8 of 17) than males (7 of 29; p = 0.04). Logistic regression analysis showed no difference between likelihood of limb salvage and amputation when stratified by BMI or age.
Conclusions: Hispanic ethnicity and male gender were predictors of amputation in a cohort of pediatric sarcoma patients undergoing surgical treatment. Further study should be devoted to identifying underlying factors for ethnic and gender discrepancies between treatment groups.
Citation Format: Jeremy Somerson, Isaac Kim, Rajiv Rajani. Ethnic and gender disparities in limb-salvage rates among pediatric sarcoma patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A51.
Abstract A60: My advocacy ecosystem
Authors: Nix Melanie A. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
My poster is a summary of my 20+ years of advocacy but specifically focuses on my work with (inter)national cancer research, survivorship and advocacy organizations in the last 6 years since my triple negative breast cancer diagnosis. As a mutated BRCA1 gene carrier and fifth generation breast cancer patient whose family has been disproportionately impacted by cancer death, I have been on both sides of the bed as caregiver and patient. My experiences as both caregiver and patient have driven my focus on survivorship and a high quality of life.
My advocacy focus is ensuring that scientists and advocates understand our interdependent roles in the cancer fighting ecosystem and our imperative to collectively work together to effect change and progress.
My poster outlines my advocacy priorities that include:
working with support groups to help other high risk women overcome their fears and becoming their best health advocates by understanding their breast cancer risk factors, attending routine doctor exams, conducting breast self-exams, having routine mammograms and obtaining detailed information about their healthcontinuing my role as a patient advocate as a member of the Advisory Panel on Patient Engagement for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute ensuring continued and multiple opportunities for patient representation and collaboration in research studiespartnering with more national organizations to continue to meet with policymakers to request increased federal funding for cancer research.focusing on clinical trials advocacy ensuring the reduction of barriers that can lead to increased minority participation in clinical trials
Citation Format: Melanie A. Nix. My advocacy ecosystem. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A60.
Abstract A65: Proteomics of normal, pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer human tissues
Authors: Mohammed Sulma , Hammons George , Lyn-Cook Beverly D. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancy with an increased in incidence predicted, particularly in African Americans. Pancreatic cancer is considered a silent disease with poor prognosis and a lack of early biomarkers for detection. Proteomics has been applied in a number of diseases for identifying or discovering biomarkers. It has long been suggested that chronic pancreatitis may put some individuals at risk for developing pancreatic cancer. This study identified proteins that are increased in pancreatic cancer samples using proteomic technology. Proteins were extracted from tissues and separated in 2-D PAGE and imaged. PDQuest 2D image analysis software (Bio-Rad, USA) was used for the automated detection of spots. Representative proteins, overexpressed in tumor and not in the normal tissues, were excised from gels, subjected to in-gel digestion, and analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Proteins identified included transferrin (Access number (AN) 4557871), ER-60 protein (AN 2245365), proapolipoprotein (AN 178775), tropomyosin 1 (AN 27597085), alpha 1 actin precursor (AN 4501881), ACTB protein (AN 15277503), gamma 2 propeptide (AN 4501889) and an unnamed protein product (AN 921757045). Albumin was abundantly expressed in pancreatic cancer compared to normal samples. Several proteins, which were shown in pancreatic cancer, were also observed in pancreatitis samples. Understanding the role of these specific proteins and their mechanistic action will give insights into their involvement in pancreatic cancer.
Citation Format: Sulma Mohammed, George Hammons, Beverly D. Lyn-Cook. Proteomics of normal, pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer human tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Seventh AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 9-12, 2014; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015;24(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A65.