bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interdecadal modulation of ENSO teleconnections to the Indian Ocean Basin Mode and their relationship under global warming in CMIP5 models
Authors: Tao Weichen , Huang Gang , Hu Kaiming , Qu Xia , Wen Guanhuan , Gong Hainan 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTOn the basis of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) models, this study have examined the ability of models to capture the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO)–Indian Ocean Basin Mode (IOBM) relationship, and investigated the characteristics of interdecadal change of ENSO–IOBM relationship as well as the response of the ENSO–IOBM relationship to the global warming. Among 23 CMIP5 models, the capability of models in representing the IOBM depends largely on the simulation of ENSO. Moreover, half of the models can reproduce the unstable ENSO–IOBM relationship. Considering the simulations of ENSO, ENSO–IOBM relationship and interdecadal change, 6 of 23 CMIP5 models are chosen for further investigation. The interdecadal change of ENSO–IOBM relationship is relative to the three ENSO‐related processes. During the high correlation (HC) period, the tropospheric temperature (TT) mechanism, oceanic Rossby waves and antisymmetric wind pattern are strong, prolonging the persistence of IOBM. In comparison, during the low correlation (LC) period, the three processes are weak. The results show that the shallow thermocline in the southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO), increased interannual variability and prolonged periodicity of ENSO are all responsible for the interdecadal change.Furthermore, the possible changes of ENSO–IOBM relationship in the future are investigated. The ENSO‐related tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) warming is strengthened under global warming. Despite the deepened thermocline over SWIO and unchanged ENSO activity, the ENSO‐related TIO warming is strengthened by the enhanced TT mechanism, which is caused by the increased saturated specific humidity. The results reveal that there is more downward net heat flux (NHF) over the TIO, which is conducive to the TIO warming, and the latent heat flux (LHF) change makes a great contribution to the NHF change. The weakened upward or strengthened downward LHF is possibly due to the decreased anomalous sea–air temperature difference by strengthened TT mechanism.
Quantitative analysis of progressive removal of nasal structures during endoscopic suprasellar approach
Authors: de Notaris Matteo , Prats‐Galino Alberto , Enseñat Joaquim , Topczewski Thomas , Ferrer Enrique , Cavallo Luigi Maria , Cappabianca Paolo , Solari Domenico 
Published: March 2014

Objectives/HypothesisFollowing recent studies measuring working area and surgical freedom of transcranial approaches, we aimed to quantify the gain achieved with progressive removal of nasal structures during the endoscopic endonasal suprasellar approach.Study DesignHuman cadaveric anatomic study.MethodsThe width of the endoscopic endonasal corridor to the suprasellar area was obtained and measured in five cadaver heads using a computerized tracking system with six steps: 1) standard approach with monolateral lateralization of middle turbinate; 2) standard bilateral lateralization of the middle turbinates; 3) monolateral middle turbinectomy; 4) bilateral middle turbinectomy; 5) monolateral ethmoidectomy; 6) bilateral ethmoidectomy.ResultsThe progressive removal of nasal structures offers a nonlinear increasing of the working area during the first steps of the procedure. The maximum advantage is offered by bilateral lateralization of the middle turbinates (102.7% increase in exposure), whereas a moderate increase is observed with each following step. Surgical freedom mainly increased during the first part of the approach, that is, with a monolateral right middle turbinectomy (17.9% raise of maneuverability), whereas additional steps did not increase surgical freedom enough to justify an aggressive nasal disruption.ConclusionsMonolateral turbinectomy on the side of endoscope docking represents the best solution, optimizing working area and surgical freedom (offering increases of 116.9% and 17.9%, respectively). Bilateral turbinectomy, together with a monolateral anterior and posterior ethmoidectomy, can be reserved for selected cases (increases of 148.5% and 24.7%, respectively). Bilateral ethmoidectomy does not significantly improve surgical freedom (0.81%).Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope 124:2231–2237, 2014
Deep‐subwavelength light confinement and transport in hybrid dielectric‐loaded metal wedges
Authors: Bian Yusheng , Gong Qihuang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe goal of confining light at the deep‐subwavelength scale while retaining moderate attenuation has been pursued for years in the field of plasmonics. However, few feasible configurations at present are excellent at balancing the tradeoff between confinement and loss. This work proposes to overcome the above limitation by using hybrid wedge structures, which consist of triangular metal wedges loaded with nanometric low/high‐index dielectric claddings. Owing to the superior guiding properties of wedge plasmons in conjunction with high refractive index contrast near wedge tips, the modal sizes can be squeezed into significantly smaller spaces than those of their conventional wedge and planar hybrid counterparts, while simultaneously featuring propagation distances over tens of micrometers at telecommunication wavelengths. Studies on the evolution from a single metallic wedge to semiconductor–insulator–metal wedge(s) reveal strategies for continuous improvement of the optical performance. Discussions concerning practical issues including crosstalk and mode excitation have further elucidated their potential in building high‐performance nanophotonic components.
Mechanosensitivity may be enhanced in skeletal muscles of spinal cord–injured versus able‐bodied men
Authors: Yarar‐Fisher Ceren , Bickel C. Scott , Kelly Neil A. , Windham Samuel T. , Mclain Amie B. , Bamman Marcas M. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTWe investigated the effects of an acute bout of neuromuscular electrical stimulation–induced resistance exercise (NMES‐RE) on intracellular signaling pathways involved in translation initiation and mechanical loading–induced muscle hypertrophy in spinal cord–injured (SCI) versus able‐bodied (AB) individuals. AB and SCI individuals completed 90 isometric knee extension contractions at 30% of maximum voluntary or evoked contraction, respectively. Muscle biopsies were collected before, and 10 and 60 min after NMES‐RE. Protein levels of α7‐ and β1‐integrin, phosphorylated and total GSK‐3α/β, S6K1, RPS6, 4EBP1, and FAK were assessed by immunoblotting. SCI muscle appears to be highly sensitive to muscle contraction even several years after the injury, and in fact it may be more sensitive to mechanical stress than AB muscle. Heightened signaling associated with muscle mechanosensitivity and translation initiation in SCI muscle may be an attempted compensatory response to offset elevated protein degradation in atrophied SCI muscle. Muscle Nerve 50: 599–601, 2014
Respiratory assessment in centronuclear myopathies
Authors: Smith Barbara K. , Goddard Melissa , Childers Martin K. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTThe centronuclear myopathies (CNMs) are a group of inherited neuromuscular disorders classified as congenital myopathies. While several causative genes have been identified, some patients do not harbor any of the currently known mutations. These diverse disorders have common histological features, which include a high proportion of centrally nucleated muscle fibers, and clinical attributes of muscle weakness and respiratory insufficiency. Respiratory problems in CNMs may manifest initially during sleep, but daytime symptoms, ineffective airway clearance, and hypoventilation predominate as more severe respiratory muscle dysfunction evolves. Respiratory muscle capacity can be evaluated using a variety of clinical tests selected with consideration for the age and baseline motor function of the patient. Similar clinical tests of respiratory function can also be incorporated into preclinical CNM canine models to offer insight for clinical trials. Because respiratory problems account for significant morbidity in patients, routine assessments of respiratory muscle function are discussed. Muscle Nerve 50: 315–326, 2014
Informationen in neuem Gewand
Authors: Parlow Axel , Heineke Stephan 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDie Produkte des FIZ Chemie sind nach einem fast zweijährigen Evaluierungs‐ und Akquisitionsprozess und einem Jahr der Eingewöhnung nun bei Wiley‐VCH integriert. Über seine neue Tochter Wiley Information Services in Berlin entwickelt der Verlag die Datenbanken, das Lernportal und die Internetpräsenz.
Hohe Nachfrage nach Unternehmen
Authors: Schneider Bernd 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDie Chemie scheint den Abwärtstrend bei Transaktionen gebrochen zu haben. Die Unternehmen stehen an den Börsen gut da, und im Markt ist ausreichend Anlagekapital. Das ist gut für alle, die verkaufen wollen, stärkt aber auch die Kaufkraft von Interessenten. Deals mit deutschen Unternehmen wird es überwiegend auf internationaler Ebene geben.
Synthesis and characterization of first‐ and second‐generation polyamide pyridylimine nickel dihalide metallodendrimers and their uses as catalysts for ethylene polymerization
Authors: Ahamad Tansir , Alshehri Saad M 
Published: March 2014

AbstractFirst‐ and second‐generation pyridylimine‐terminated dendrimeric ligands were prepared by the reaction of the corresponding amine‐terminated aromatic polyamide dendrimers with 2‐acetylpyridine. The pyridylimine terminal groups were used as bidentate N,N ligands of nickel halide to prepare the corresponding first‐generation and second‐generation nickel dihalide metallodendrimers C1 and C2, respectively. The synthesized dendrimers and metallodendrimers were characterized by elemental and spectral analyses. C1 and C2 were evaluated as catalyst precursors for ethylene oligomerization after being activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO) and diethylaluminum chloride (Et2AlCl) under 1 atm and 5 atm pressure of ethylene. In both cases, the use of 1 atm or 5 atm pressure of ethylene and a 1500:1 Al:Ni molar ratio for C1 and C2 resulted in high catalytic activities toward ethylene polymerization. Upon activation with MAO and Et2AlCl, C1 exhibited promising activities toward ethylene polymerization and produced linear chain structures that were associated with high density polyethylene. In contrast, C2 produced a polymer with the branching nature of low density polyethylene under similar conditions. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
An atypical presentation of pulmonary air‐leak syndrome and multisystem toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: Ellenburg Joseph T. , Josey David 
Published: March 2014

SummaryToxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare and potentially fatal mucocutaneous condition that may affect both children and adults. TEN mortality rates vary greatly between both patient populations, but multisystem involvement is common. Management presents many challenges as there is no specific therapy for TEN, and patients often require the expertise of burn units. We report a child who survived TEN with multisystem involvement including the rare but life threatening occurrence of a pulmonary air‐leak syndrome while also reviewing controversies surrounding TEN's pathophysiology, sequelae, and multidisciplinary approach to management. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:E130–E134. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lung function by impulse oscillometry at age 5–7 years after bronchiolitis at age 0–6 months
Authors: Lauhkonen Eero , Koponen Petri , Nuolivirta Kirsi , Paassilta Marita , Toikka Jyri , Korppi Matti 
Published: March 2014

SummaryBackgroundViral bronchiolitis in infancy has been associated with increased bronchial reactivity and reduced lung function in later childhood and even in adulthood. However, lung function at preschool age is less studied, mainly due to technical difficulties. The purpose of the study was to evaluate lung function and bronchial reactivity at preschool age in children who were hospitalized for bronchiolitis in early infancy.Subjects and methodsAirway resistance and reactance, and bronchial reactivity to exercise were studied with impulse oscillometry (IOS) at the mean age of 6.3 years in 103 children hospitalized for bronchiolitis at less than 6 months of age.ResultsIn baseline lung‐function measurement, resistance (n = 8; 7.8%) or reactance (19; 18.4%) at 5 Hz were pathological in 20% of children compared to Finnish population‐based height‐adjusted reference values. Increased bronchial reactivity by exercise challenge (5; 4.9%) or bronchodilatation (11; 10.7%) tests was present in 16%. Irreversible changes were revealed in only one case.ConclusionsThough reduced lung function and increased airway reactivity were rather common, evidence for persistent lung function reduction was rare, less than 1%, at preschool age in children hospitalized for bronchiolitis caused mainly by respiratory syncytial virus at age less than 6 months. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:389–395. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Second antibody modeling assessment (AMA‐II)
Authors: Almagro Juan C. , Teplyakov Alexey , Luo Jinquan , Sweet Raymond W. , Kodangattil Sreekumar , Hernandez‐Guzman Francisco , Gilliland Gary L. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTTo assess the state of the art in antibody 3D modeling, 11 unpublished high‐resolution x‐ray Fab crystal structures from diverse species and covering a wide range of antigen‐binding site conformations were used as a benchmark to compare Fv models generated by seven structure prediction methodologies. The participants included: Accerlys Inc, Chemical Computer Group (CCG), Schrodinger, Jeff Gray's lab at John Hopkins University, Macromoltek, Astellas Pharma/Osaka University and Prediction of ImmunoGlobulin Structure (PIGS). The sequences of benchmark structures were submitted to the modelers and PIGS, and a set of models were generated for each structure. We provide here an overview of the organization, participants and main results of this second antibody modeling assessment (AMA‐II). Also, we compare the results with the first antibody assessment published in this journal (Almagro et al., 2011;79:3050). Proteins 2014; 82:1553–1562. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Critical Role of Jak2 in the Maintenance and Function of Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Akada Hajime , Akada Saeko , Hutchison Robert E. , Sakamoto Kazuhito , Wagner Kay-Uwe , Mohi Golam 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Jak2, a member of the Janus kinase family of nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases, is activated in response to a variety of cytokines, and functions in survival and proliferation of cells. An activating JAK2V617F mutation has been found in most patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, and patients treated with Jak2 inhibitors show significant hematopoietic toxicities. However, the role of Jak2 in adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) has not been clearly elucidated. Using a conditional Jak2 knockout allele, we have found that Jak2 deletion results in rapid loss of HSCs/progenitors leading to bone marrow failure and early lethality in adult mice. Jak2 deficiency causes marked impairment in HSC function, and the mutant HSCs are severely defective in reconstituting hematopoiesis in recipient animals. Jak2 deficiency also causes significant apoptosis and loss of quiescence in HSC-enriched LSK (Lin−Sca-1+c-Kit+) cells. Jak2-deficient LSK cells exhibit elevated reactive oxygen species levels and enhanced p38 MAPK activation. Mutant LSK cells also show defective Stat5, Erk, and Akt activation in response to thrombopoietin and stem cell factor. Gene expression analysis reveals significant downregulation of genes related to HSC quiescence and self-renewal in Jak2-deficient LSK cells. These data suggest that Jak2 plays a critical role in the maintenance and function of adult HSCs. Stem Cells 2014;32:1878–1889
Modification of glycolysis and its effect on the production ofl-threonine inEscherichia coli
Authors: Xie Xixian , Liang Yuan , Liu Hongliang , Liu Yuan , Xu Qingyang , Zhang Chenglin , Chen Ning 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHigh concentrations of acetate, the main by-product of Escherichia coli (E. coli) high cell density culture, inhibit bacterial growth and l-threonine production. Since metabolic overflux causes acetate accumulation, we attempted to reduce acetate production by redirecting glycolysis flux to the pentose phosphate pathway by deleting the genes encoding phosphofructokinase (pfk) and/or pyruvate kinase (pyk) in an l-threonine-producing strain of E. coli, THRD. pykF, pykA, pfkA, and pfkB deletion mutants produced less acetate (9.44 ± 0.83, 3.86 ± 0.88, 0.30 ± 0.25, and 6.99 ± 0.85 g/l, respectively) than wild-type THRD cultures (19.75 ± 0.93 g/l). THRDΔpykF and THRDΔpykA produced 11.05 and 5.35 % more l-threonine, and achieved a 10.91 and 5.60 % higher yield on glucose, respectively. While THRDΔpfkA grew more slowly and produced less l-threonine than THRD, THRDΔpfkB produced levels of l-threonine (102.28 ± 2.80 g/l) and a yield on glucose (0.34 g/g) similar to that of THRD. The dual deletion mutant THRDΔpfkBΔpykF also achieved low acetate (7.42 ± 0.81 g/l) and high l-threonine yields (111.37 ± 2.71 g/l). The level of NADPH in THRDΔpfkA cultures was depressed, whereas all other mutants produced more NADPH than THRD did. These results demonstrated that modification of glycolysis in E. coli THRD reduced acetate production and increased accumulation of l-threonine.
“Reversed” intraguild predation: red fox cubs killed by pine marten
Authors: Brzeziński Marcin , Rodak Łukasz , Zalewski Andrzej 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Camera traps deployed at a badger Meles meles set in mixed pine forest in north-eastern Poland recorded interspecific killing of red fox Vulpes vulpes cubs by pine marten Martes martes. The vixen and her cubs settled in the set at the beginning of May 2013, and it was abandoned by the badgers shortly afterwards. Five fox cubs were recorded playing in front of the den each night. Ten days after the first recording of the foxes, a pine marten was filmed at the set; it arrived in the morning, made a reconnaissance and returned at night when the vixen was away from the set. The pine marten entered the den several times and killed at least two fox cubs. It was active at the set for about 2 h. This observation proves that red foxes are not completely safe from predation by smaller carnivores, even those considered to be subordinate species in interspecific competition.
Evidence for two facets of pride in consumption: Findings from luxury brands
Authors: McFerran Brent , Aquino Karl , Tracy Jessica L. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis paper documents the multifaceted nature of pride in consumer behavior. Drawing on recent psychological research on pride, we provide evidence for two separate facets of pride in consumption. In a series of studies, we propose a model wherein luxury brand consumption and pride are systematically interrelated. Whereas authentic (but not hubristic) pride leads to a heightened desire for luxury brands, hubristic (but not authentic) pride is the outcome of these purchases, and is the form of pride signaled to observers by these purchases. Further, we show that these effects are generally exacerbated for those low in narcissism. These findings shed new light on why consumers purchase luxury brands, highlighting a paradox: these purchases may be sought out of heightened feelings of accomplishment (and not arrogance), but they instead signal arrogance to others (rather than accomplishment).
Versorgungsqualität in zertifizierten Brustkrebszentren – Konzepte, Ergebnisse, Unterschiede
Authors: Kowalski Christoph 
Published: March 2014

Einleitung
Seit 2003 können sich Brustkrebszentren in Deutschland nach den Anforderungen der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft (DKG)/Deutschen Gesellschaft für Senologie (DGS) und des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen zertifizieren lassen. Die derzeit rund 260 zertifizierten Zentren (Stand Februar 2014) operieren jährlich über 60.000 erstmals erkrankte Patientinnen. Seit Einführung der Brustkrebszentren hat sich die Versorgungsqualität deutlich verbessert, beispielsweise hinsichtlich des Überlebens und der psychoonkologischen Betreuung.
Nutzung von Routinedaten zur Einschätzung der Versorgungsqualität
Authors: Laux Gunter , Bauer Erik , Stock Christian 
Published: March 2014

Einleitung
Für die Beurteilung der Qualität der medizinischen Versorgung in einem bestimmten Kontext bilden korrespondierende Daten eine notwendige Voraussetzung. Routinedaten (hier: Abrechnungsdaten von gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung) sollten generell in Betracht bezogen werden, um bestimmte Fragen zur Qualität der medizinischen Versorgung zu beantworten. Die Nutzung dieser Daten ist deswegen eine interessante Option, weil kein zusätzlicher Aufwand für die Datenerhebung anfällt. Andererseits müssen ganz bestimmte Sachverhalte bei der Nutzung von Routinedaten beachtet werden, die in diesem Beitrag adressiert werden.
Regionale Versorgungsunterschiede in Deutschland
Authors: Nolting Hans-Dieter , Zich Karsten 
Published: March 2014

Einleitung
Für Deutschland sind zunehmend regional-basierte Versorgungs- und Qualitätsindikatoren verfügbar. Die populationsbezogene Abbildung von Unterschieden, bspw. bei der Anwendung diagnostischer und therapeutischer Verfahren, ermöglicht häufig eine sektorenübergreifende Thematisierung von Fragestellungen der Inanspruchnahme und Indikationsstellung. „Area-Indikatoren“ werden in anderen Ländern bereits im Rahmen der Qualitätssicherung eingesetzt. In Deutschland steht die Entwicklung und Erprobung systematischer Prozesse, die eine sektorübergreifende Diskussion über die Ursachen auffälliger Variationen anstossen sowie Maßnahmen auslösen, noch aus.
Qualitätssteigerung durch Vernetzung: ,,Brückenschläge‘‘
Authors: Staender Johannes , Schott Thomas 
Published: March 2014

Einleitung
Probleme an den externen Schnittstellen der Rehabilitation sind ein wichtiges Qualitätsthema. Die Patientenüberleitung ist in diesem Zusammenhang von primärem Interesse. Das Projekt „Reha der Zukunft – Brückenschläge: modellhafte Entwicklung vernetzter Versorgungsprozesse“ hatte das Ziel, in Kooperation mit Akut- und Rehaeinrichtungen beispielhaft zu zeigen, wie die Patientenüberleitung an den Schnittstellen zwischen Akutversorgung, Rehabilitation und Nachsorge optimiert werden kann.
Qualitätsmanagement in der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Walter Ulla , Plaumann Martina , Lehmann Frank 
Published: March 2014

Einleitung
Qualitätsmanagement (QM) in der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung umfasst neben der Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität die Konzeptqualität. Letztere ist grundlegend und bestimmt wesentlich über den Erfolg und das Scheitern des Vorhabens. Mit QM sollen Schwachstellen erkannt, behoben und – i.S. des Public Health Action Cycles und der Qualitätsverbesserung bzw. Qualitätsentwicklung – die einzelnen Phasen optimiert werden. In der Praxis liegt der Schwerpunkt überwiegend auf den drei Dimensionen Struktur,- Prozess- und Konzeptqualität, während die Bewertung des Outcomes (Ergebnisqualität) meist Forschungsprojekten vorbehalten ist. Inzwischen liegen mehrere, in enger Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis entwickelte und z.T. langjährig erprobte Verfahren zur Qualitätssicherung vor. Für eine nachhaltige Etablierung von Qualitätssicherung in der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung, die den unterschiedlichen Bedarfen und komplexen Entscheidungen gerecht wird, reichen die bislang verfügbaren Informationen und Strukturen nicht aus.