bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Putting an “End” to the Motor Cortex Representations of Action Words
Authors: de Zubicaray Greig , Arciuli Joanne , McMahon Katie 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Language processing is an example of implicit learning of multiple statistical cues that provide probabilistic information regarding word structure and use. Much of the current debate about language embodiment is devoted to how action words are represented in the brain, with motor cortex activity evoked by these words assumed to selectively reflect conceptual content and/or its simulation. We investigated whether motor cortex activity evoked by manual action words (e.g., caress) might reflect sensitivity to probabilistic orthographic–phonological cues to grammatical category embedded within individual words. We first review neuroimaging data demonstrating that nonwords evoke activity much more reliably than action words along the entire motor strip, encompassing regions proposed to be action category specific. Using fMRI, we found that disyllabic words denoting manual actions evoked increased motor cortex activity compared with non-body-part-related words (e.g., canyon), activity which overlaps that evoked by observing and executing hand movements. This result is typically interpreted in support of language embodiment. Crucially, we also found that disyllabic nonwords containing endings with probabilistic cues predictive of verb status (e.g., -eve) evoked increased activity compared with nonwords with endings predictive of noun status (e.g., -age) in the identical motor area. Thus, motor cortex responses to action words cannot be assumed to selectively reflect conceptual content and/or its simulation. Our results clearly demonstrate motor cortex activity reflects implicit processing of ortho-phonological statistical regularities that help to distinguish a word's grammatical class.
Beyond Unbridled Optimism and Fear: Indigenous Peoples, Intellectual Property, Human Rights and the Globalisation of Traditional Knowledge and Expressions of Folklore: Part I
Authors: Picart Caroline Joan S. , Fox Marlowe 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
This article is the first part of a two-part piece, which considers the intellectual property rights of indigenous peoples. After establishing pragmatic working definitions of who “indigenous peoples” are and what folklore (or “traditional cultural expression”) is, as compared with, but dialectically related to, “traditional knowledge,” this article does the following: 1) explains why western assumptions built into intellectual property law make this area of law a problematic tool for protecting traditional knowledge (TK) and expressions of folklore (EoF) or traditional cultural expressions (TCE) of indigenous peoples; and 2) creates a general sketch of human rights related legal instruments that could be and have been harnessed, with varying degrees of success, in the protection of the intellectual property of indigenous peoples.
The Extreme Drought Event during Winter–Spring of 2011 in East China: Combined Influences of Teleconnection in Midhigh Latitudes and Thermal Forcing in Maritime Continent Region
Authors: Jin Dachao , Guan Zhaoyong , Tang Weiya 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) in China experienced an extremely severe and persistent drought event from January to May of 2011. Using both the observational data and NCEP–NCAR reanalysis, features of the drought event and the related circulation anomalies were investigated. It is found that the precipitation during the investigated period of 2011 was deficient mostly along the Yangtze River. The water vapor diverged from MLRYR southward into the Bay of Bengal, South China Sea, and the Philippines. There were two factors facilitating the drought event. One was the quasi-stationary Rossby wave–related teleconnection, which propagated eastward at midhigh latitudes from the North Atlantic to East Asia, reinforcing the Siberian high and the East Asian trough, henceforth resulting in the divergence anomalies in MLRYR in the lower troposphere. This quasi-stationary wave train, though originating from the North Atlantic region, was not essentially related to the North Atlantic Oscillation. Another factor for the drought event was the persistent anomalous thermal forcing over the Maritime Continent, which induced the anomalous divergence in the upper troposphere in this region, building up an anomalous Hadley circulation with its ascent branch over the Maritime Continent and descent branch over MLRYR. This thermal forcing was possibly, but not necessarily, related to the La Niña event. The persistence of the drought event over MLRYR was due to the maintenance of the quasi-stationary waves at midhigh latitudes and the persistent anomalous thermal forcing in the Maritime Continent.
Comparison of cardiac output derived from FloTrac™/Vigileo™ and impedance cardiography during major abdominal surgery
Authors: Kim Ji-Yeon , Kim Bo-Ram , Lee Kang-Hun , Kim Kyung-Woo , Kim Jun-Hyun , Lee Sang-Il , Kim Kyung-Tae , Choe Won-Joo , Park Jang-Su , Kim Jung-Won 
Published: June 2013

Objectives Impedance cardiography (ICG) is a noninvasive technique that provides reasonably accurate measurements of cardiac output, but the usefulness of ICG in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery has not been validated. Methods Cardiac output was measured while patients underwent open gastrectomy using an ICG monitor ( niccomo™; ICG-CO); the results were compared with those measured using a FloTrac™/Vigileo™ monitor (Flo-CO), which measures cardiac output by analysing the arterial waveform. Data collection commenced at the beginning of anaesthetic induction and continued until the patient was awake. Data were compared using the Bland–Altman analysis, and the clinical significance of the difference between the two methods was evaluated by calculating the percentage error (%). Results Eleven patients were monitored during surgery. The bias of the Flo-CO and ICG-CO values was −0.45 l/min. The upper and lower limits of agreement were 0.96 l/min and −1.85 l/min, respectively. The percentage error was 28.5%. Electrocautery induced interference that transiently impaired the performance of the ICG monitor. Conclusions ICG provided useful information in evaluating the cardiac output of patients during abdominal surgery.
Improving the Rapid and Reliable Diagnosis of Complete Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture
Authors: Devereaux Moira W. , ElMaraghy Amr W. 
Published: June 2013

Background: Diagnosis of complete distal biceps tendon rupture (DBTR) is frequently missed or delayed on clinical examination. No single clinical test, including MRI, has demonstrated 100% efficacy in assessing the integrity of the distal biceps tendon. Hypothesis: Combining 3 validated clinical tests for identifying complete rupture can maximize a true-positive diagnosis for complete DBTR without the need for confirmatory soft tissue imaging when performed in concert with other important factors from the history and clinical examination. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The hook test, the passive forearm pronation (PFP) test, and the biceps crease interval (BCI) test were applied in sequence in conjunction with a standard patient history and physical examination on 48 patients with suspected distal biceps tendon injuries. If results on all 3 special tests were positive for complete rupture, the patient was referred for surgical repair; diagnosis was confirmed intraoperatively. If results on all 3 special tests were negative, diagnosis was confirmed with soft tissue imaging and patients were managed nonoperatively. If results of the 3 tests were not in agreement, soft tissue imaging was used to clarify the disagreement and to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Thirty-five patients had unequivocal results based on history, physical examination, and special tests. Thirty-two tested in agreement positive for complete rupture, which were confirmed intraoperatively. Three tested in agreement negative, with subsequent imaging confirming partial rupture. Thirteen patients had equivocal special test results; soft tissue imaging suggested complete rupture in 10 and partial rupture in 3. Conclusion: Application in sequence of the hook test, the PFP test, and the BCI test results in 100% sensitivity and specificity when the outcomes on all 3 special tests are in agreement.
Arthroscopic Capsulolabral Reconstruction for Posterior Instability of the Shoulder
Authors: Bradley James P. , McClincy Michael P. , Arner Justin W. , Tejwani Samir G. 
Published: June 2013

Background: There are few reports in the literature detailing the arthroscopic treatment of unidirectional posterior shoulder instability. Hypothesis: Arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction is effective in restoring stability and function and alleviating pain in athletes with symptomatic unidirectional posterior instability. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: One hundred eighty-three athletes (200 shoulders) with unidirectional recurrent posterior shoulder instability were treated with arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral reconstruction and underwent an evaluation at a mean of 36 months postoperatively. A subset of 117 shoulders of contact athletes was compared with the entire group of 200 shoulders. Patients were evaluated prospectively with the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scoring system. Stability, strength, and range of motion were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively with standardized subjective scales. Methods of intraoperative soft tissue fixation as well as anchorless (n = 44) and anchored (n = 156) plications were recorded for each patient. Results: At a mean of 36 months postoperatively, the mean ASES score improved from 45.9 to 85.1 ( P < .001). There were also significant improvements in stability, pain, and function based on previously used scales ( P < .001). The contact athletes did not demonstrate any significant differences when compared with the entire cohort for any outcome measure. With regard to the method of internal fixation, patients who underwent capsulolabral plications with suture-anchors showed significantly greater improvement in ASES scores ( P < .001) and a higher rate of return to play ( P < .05) when compared with patients with anchorless capsulolabral plications. Conclusion: Arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction is an effective, reliable treatment for symptomatic, unidirectional recurrent posterior glenohumeral instability in an athletic population. Overall, 90% of patients were able to return to sport, with 64% of patients able to return to the same level postoperatively. With the incorporation of bone suture-anchors in capsulolabral reconstruction, patients had greater improvements in ASES scores and a higher rate of return to play.
Evaluating the Economic Impact of a Targeted Medication Intervention Program
Authors: Rhodes Sarah A. , Reynolds Abigale E. , Marciniak Macary W. , Ferreri Stefanie P. 
Published: June 2013

Objective: To calculate the return on investment (ROI) for a targeted medication intervention program developed by corporate management of a community pharmacy. Design: Retrospective analysis and cross-sectional survey. Setting: Regional community pharmacy chain in North Carolina. Participants: Targeted medication interventions completed from February 1, 2010, to July 31, 2010, were included in the retrospective analysis. Community pharmacists employed by the pharmacy chain that completed the questionnaire were included in the cross-sectional analysis. Intervention: Targeted medication intervention services were provided to the patient and documented by the pharmacist. Main Outcome Measure: The ROI for a community pharmacist-provided targeted medication intervention program. Results: Of the 180 pharmacists, 69 completed the questionnaire (38% response rate). The average time to complete one targeted medication intervention was calculated to be 22.63 minutes. The total cost for providing a targeted medication intervention program during the study time frame was $15 760.86. Total revenue was $15 216.00; therefore, the program resulted in an ROI to the pharmacy chain of negative 3%. Conclusion: This 6-month study resulted in an ROI to the pharmacy chain of negative 3%. Under the current reimbursement model, for this program to break even, the average time to complete one targeted medication intervention must equal 21.85 minutes or less.
Seeking asylum in Australia: immigration detention, human rights and mental health care
Authors: Newman Louise , Proctor Nicholas , Dudley Michael 
Published: June 2013

Objective: The article aims to discuss the impact of mandatory detention and human rights violations on the mental health of asylum seekers and the implications for psychiatrists and health professionals. Conclusions: Advocacy for human rights and engagement in social debate are core ethical and professional responsibilities. Clinicians need to maintain a focus on ethical obligations.
Therapy implications of child abuse in multi-risk families
Authors: Bor William , Stallman Helen , Collerson Elizabeth , Boyle Christopher , Swenson Cynthia Cupit , McDermott Brett , Lee Erica 
Published: June 2013

Objectives: Our aim is to critique Australian child maltreatment policy, outline abuse trends and provide data on family risk factors. Method: We identified policy gaps and reviewed family profiles within selective child maltreatment databases. Data sources included international and Australian literature, Queensland Department of Child Safety reports and a research clinical database. Results: Data reviewed suggest that a pattern of co-occurring complex multiple system family problems characterize substantiated abuse cases. Conclusions: The presence of multiple family problems suggests the need for a new treatment paradigm. Multisystemic Therapy for child physical abuse and neglect is an evidence-based intervention that matches the therapeutic needs of such families.
Paradigms lost and gained: has psychiatry in Australasia lost its voice?
Authors: Parker Gordon , Paterson Amelia 
Published: June 2013

Objective: The evolution of views about causes and management models in psychiatry is of keen interest to those who respect the field’s history. The objective of this study was to identify international paradigm shifts since 1950 in psychiatric theorising and management models. Method: Multiple methods were used, including citation analysis, qualitative judgments by highly cited researchers and obtaining the views of historians of psychiatry. Results: The quantitative citation analysis was of low yield, seemingly reflecting limitations intrinsic to such an approach, but it did identify some ‘signals’ to broader domain shifts, such as the progressive loss of salience of psychoanalysis and a contrasting emphasis on a science-weighted model. Also, the highly cited researchers tend to nominate narrow exemplars. Nominations by the historians were more panoramic and, while capturing the domains identified by the two other strategies, went further in proposing a wide set of additional candidates for consideration. Conclusion: Of the three strategies employed, the qualitative approach (canvassing the views of historians and of highly cited authors) captured the paradigm changes, or at least theoretical or research trends, more accurately than the quantitative citation analysis. Changes in Australasian psychiatry would appear to generally mirror such international changes, rather than evidence a distinctive voice.
Applications of the Medial Femoral Condyle Free Flap for Foot and Ankle Reconstruction
Authors: Haddock Nicholas T. , Alosh Hassan , Easley Mark E. , Levin L. Scott , Wapner Keith L. 
Published: June 2013

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) or persistent nonunion occurs in situations of poor vascular supply. Some specific situations that plague the foot and ankle surgeon are talus nonunion, talus AVN, navicular AVN, and failed ankle arthrodesis with bone loss. The medial femoral condyle (MFC) flap has emerged as a popular source of vascularized corticocancelous bone. We present a series of cases demonstrating the versatility of the MFC flap in complex foot and ankle pathology. Methods: A retrospective review was completed of all MFC flaps used in the foot and ankle over the past 5 years. Five patients were identified (average age 48). Surgical indications included talar AVN and ankle arthritis, talar nonunion, and navicular AVN. All patients had undergone conventional bone grafting techniques, which failed, prior to being treated with a MFC free flap; this series of patients did not possess significant medical comorbidities. Fixation techniques included compression screw fixation, plate osteosynthesis, or fine wire external fixation. The average follow-up was 20 months (range 8 to 40 months). Results: There was a 100% flap success rate with no returns to the operating room for thrombosis. The volume of the bone flaps was 5.6 cm3 (range 1 cm3 to 12 cm3). The average follow-up time was 20 months (range 8 to 40 months). All cases resulted in union, and full weight bearing status was achieved at a mean of 23.8 weeks (range 10 to 52 weeks) postoperatively. Conclusions: Vascularized bone transfer in the form of the MFC free flap was a valuable method for foot and ankle reconstruction. The MFC flap provided an alternative for those defects that were smaller then 3 cm in length. In our experience, for small bone defects requiring vascularized bone, the MFC flap is currently the ideal donor location supplanting the iliac crest. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Coxiellosis/Q Fever in Cats
Authors: Egberink Herman , Addie Diane , Belák Sándor , Boucraut-Baralon Corine , Frymus Tadeusz , Gruffydd-Jones Tim , Hartmann Katrin , Hosie Margaret J , Lloret Albert , Lutz Hans , Marsilio Fulvio , Möstl Karin , Pennisi Maria Grazia , Radford Alan D , Thiry Etienne , Truyen Uwe , Horzinek Marian C 
Published: June 2013

Overview: Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. Farm animals and pets are the main reservoirs of infection. Infection: Cats become infected by ingestion or inhalation of organisms from contaminated carcases of farm animals, or tick bites. Infection is common, as shown by several serological studies. Clinical signs: Experimentally, fever, anorexia and lethargy have been noted. In the field, infection usually remains subclinical. Abortion might occur. C burnetii has been isolated from the placenta of aborting cats, but also from cats experiencing normal parturition. Diagnosis: Infection with C burnetii can be diagnosed by isolation of the agent or serology. Prevention: Most important is the potential zoonotic risk. Cats suspected of having been exposed to C burnetii might shed organisms during parturition. Wearing gloves and a mask when attending parturient or aborting cats can minimise the risk of infection. Tick prevention is recommended.
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Infection in Cats
Authors: Lloret Albert , Egberink Herman , Addie Diane , Belák Sándor , Boucraut-Baralon Corine , Frymus Tadeusz , Pennisi Maria Grazia , Gruffydd-Jones Tim , Hartmann Katrin , Hosie Margaret J , Lutz Hans , Marsilio Fulvio , Möstl Karin , Radford Alan D , Thiry Etienne , Truyen Uwe , Horzinek Marian C 
Published: June 2013

Overview: Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi are part of the normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity of dogs and cats. C canimorsus is more pathogenic and causes more severe infections in humans. Infection: Disease is less frequently seen after a cat bite, scratch or close contact than after dog contacts. Serious disease has been reported in people, especially associated with immunocompromise and alcoholism. Disease in cats is not well documented; two cases of respiratory infection have been associated with the presence of these bacteria. Diagnosis: Diagnosis is based on culture in specific media, but these are slow growing bacteria; polymerase chain reaction and sequencing may aid in diagnosis and species identification. Treatment: Penicillin or beta-lactams are the treatment options of choice. Zoonotic potential: Based on incidence surveys, the zoonotic potential is low. The risk may be higher for immunocompromised persons, where dog and cat ownership must be discussed.
Mycobacterioses in Cats
Authors: Lloret Albert , Hartmann Katrin , Pennisi Maria Grazia , Gruffydd-Jones Tim , Addie Diane , Belák Sándor , Boucraut-Baralon Corine , Egberink Herman , Frymus Tadeusz , Hosie Margaret J , Lutz Hans , Marsilio Fulvio , Möstl Karin , Radford Alan D , Thiry Etienne , Truyen Uwe , Horzinek Marian C 
Published: June 2013

Overview: Mycobacterial infections are important in humans and animals. Cats can be infected by several Mycobacterium species, which may cause different syndromes, mainly tuberculosis, atypical or non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis and leprosy. In recent years, awareness has increased about how to recognise and confirm these infections. More cases are diagnosed today, which probably means that the disease has escaped detection in the past. Infection: Most cases in cats are cutaneous, presenting as nodules in the skin and draining tracts, ulceration and local lymphadenopathy; however, systemic dissemination may also occur. Diagnosis: Definitive diagnosis is difficult when the bacterium cannot be detected by histology or culture. However, species confirmation is essential for treatment and prognosis, so material for culture and polymerase chain reaction should be submitted in every suspected case. Treatment: Treatment is challenging. A combination of two or three antibiotics is needed, and treatment must be continued for some months, which makes owner compliance especially difficult in cats. Zoonotic risk: There is a zoonotic risk associated with some mycobacterial species. Concerns should be communicated in every case of an immunocompromised owner in contact with an infected cat.