bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ordinal clinical score predicts seizure freedom after minimally invasive epilepsy surgery
Authors: Dickey Adam S. , Bullinger Katie L. , Grogan Dayton , Asmar Melissa M. , Alwaki Abdulrahman , Kheder Ammar , Shivamurthy Veeresh Kumar N. , Faraj Razan R. , Greven Alexander , Willie Jon T. , Drane Daniel L. , Gross Robert E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo predict one‐year seizure freedom, using a combination of relevant clinical variables, following stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in a series of 101 patients.MethodsEight predictors of seizure freedom were selected based on their association with medial temporal lobe epilepsy: (1) MRI evidence of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS); (2) unitemporal interictal epileptiform discharges; (3) absence of generalized tonic–clonic seizures; (4) history of febrile seizures; (5) onset of epilepsy ≤16 years; (6) absence of an auditory, visual, or vertiginous aura; and (7) unitemporal ictal onset; (8) unitemporal PET hypometabolism. We compared four multivariate models: “MTS,” using just evidence of MTS; “FULL,” using all eight binary predictors; “AIC” using backwards selection of variables; and “SCORE,” using a 0‐to‐8‐point ordinal score awarding one point for each binary predictor.ResultsIn univariate analysis, significant predictors for seizure freedom were evidence of mesial temporal sclerosis (p = 0.011, Fisher exact) and unitemporal interictal discharges (p = 0.005). For multivariate prediction (using leave one‐out cross‐validation), the ordinal SCORE model had a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC 0.70) than the other three models: MTS (AUC 0.54, p = 0.002, Delong's test), FULL (AUC 0.62, p = 0.003), or AIC (AUC 0.53, p < 0.001).InterpretationAn ordinal score incorporating eight independent binary clinical variables predicted seizure freedom better on novel data than a model using MTS alone, a full multivariate model, or a backwards selected model. The ordinal score model represents a simple clinical heuristic to identify which patients should be offered minimally invasive laser surgery.
Electrostatic Interactions‐Independent Approach for Efficient siRNA Encapsulation with Stimuli‐Responsive Charge Reversal and Controlled Release
Authors: Zeng Xiangming , Zuo Mingxiang , Yuan Jianming , Chen Guo , Liu Shuang , Ou Chiyi , Chen Qinghua , Wei Chuanqi , Yu Dongsheng , Cheng Du 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCationic materials currently serve as the primary materials for siRNA encapsulation; however, inherent cationic toxicity and limited shelf‐life have hindered their clinical applicability. Although several approaches for encapsulating siRNA without relying on cationic materials exist, achieving a high encapsulation efficiency remains a major challenge. In this study, a feasible strategy is developed for efficiently encapsulating siRNAs in nanogels, without the use of cationic materials. The use of amphiphilic monomers facilitated a higher concentration of monomers at the interlayer, presenting a superior polymerization capability in the inverse emulsion polymerization system. This facilitates the entrapment of siRNA within the nanogel rather than its extrusion. The pH‐responsiveness of the monomer and the enzyme sensitivity of the crosslinkers conferred several benefits to the siRNA‐loaded nanogels, including charge reversal, endo/lysosomal escape, and controlled siRNA release. The efficiency of the nanogel for siRNA delivery and gene inhibition is confirmed through a series of experiments. Thus, a feasible platform is developed for siRNA delivery that is free of cationic toxicity.
Lattice Engineering toward Extraordinary Structural Stability of High‐Performance Single‐Crystal Li‐Rich Layered Oxides Cathodes
Authors: Gao Xianggang , Wang Lei , Guo Juanlang , Li Shihao , Zhang Haiyan , Chen Long , Zhang Yi , Lai Yanqing , Zhang Zhian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrevailing Li‐rich layered oxide cathodes (LLOs) possessing with polycrystalline morphology suffer from unsatisfactory cyclic stability due to serious structural failures including irreversible oxygen release, phase transformation, and microcrack, further limiting its commercial application for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, single‐crystallization combining with a simple boric acid treatment strategy is applied to robust the stability of lattice structure for achieving the reversible oxygen anionic redox of LLOs. The obtained single‐crystal LLOs display less grain boundaries and excellent mechanical stability, contributing to suppress the accumulation of lattice strain and microcracks. Additionally, the induced surface Li2B4O7 with spinel phase coating and bulk gradient B doping after boric acid treatment significantly inhibit the irreversible oxygen release and enhance the stability of lattice structure. Besides, lattice structure regulation also boosts the Li+ diffusion kinetics due to the existence of oxygen defects, fast Li‐ion conductive coating, and enlarged Li+ layer spacing. As a result, the modified SC‐LLOs showcase superior cyclic stability with a capacity retention of 87.42% after 300 cycles at 1 C and excellent rate performance with a high capacity of 144.9 mAh g−1 at 5 C. This work provides some significant references to strengthen the structural stability of single‐crystal LLOs with long‐term cyclic capability via lattice engineering.
Optical Properties of TiO2 Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition Using Various Oxidizing Agents: The Ellipsometry Analysis of Absorption Properties
Authors: Vazquez‐Arce Jorge Luis , Suta Tibor , Fodor Bálint , Makai László , Contreras Oscar , Bahrami Amin , Nielsch Kornelius , Tiznado Hugo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study analyzes the optical properties of TiO2 films grown via atomic layer deposition (ALD) using Tetrakis(dimethylamino)titanium with oxidizing agents such as H2O, H2O2, O3, and O2‐plasma. TiO2‐H2O exhibited Ti3+ states and oxygen vacancies characteristic of black TiO2, enhancing visible‐NIR light absorption. This effect increased with more ALD cycles due to the surface memory effect, leading to a decreased growth rate. In contrast, films grown with H2O2, O3, and O2‐plasma are more stoichiometric, has fewer defects, and show no visible‐NIR absorption due to the absence of Ti3+. TiO2 films deposited with H2O also show increased surface roughness and hydrophobicity, while films grown with other oxidizing agents exhibited higher roughness but decreased hydrophobicity. Ellipsometry and UV–vis spectroscopy confirmed that TiO2 films grown with H2O has an increased refractive index and extinction coefficient in the visible range, along with a bandgap widening due to the Moss‐Burstein effect. Conversely, films grown with other oxidizing agents showed a decreased bandgap with increasing thickness and an increased refractive index but a zero extinction coefficient below the bandgap. Mid‐IR ellipsometry measurements revealed the dielectric response, highlighting the critical role of the oxidizing agent in tailoring the properties of TiO2 films for energy and environmental applications.
An Acid Catalyzed Alkynyl‐Prins Cyclization‐Rearrangement Cascade of 2‐(Alkynol)Benzoates: An Approach to 3‐Alkyl‐[n,5]‐Oxaspirophthalides
Authors: Mishra Surabhi , Baire Beeraiah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe oxaspiro‐phthalides ([n,5]‐oxaspirobenzalactones) bearing a phthalide spirofused to a cyclic‐ether of various sizes are frameworks found in bioactive natural products. The discovery and development of an alkynyl‐Prins cyclization based, strategy for the construction of structurally interesting, medicinally useful [5,5]‐[6,5]‐, and [7,5]‐oxaspirophthalides is reported in this manuscript. Our strategy represents a report on the construction of oxaspiro‐phthalides using the alkynyl‐Prins cyclization. This approach exhibits broad substrate scope with respect to carbonyl compounds and 2‐(alkynol)benzoates, with yields ranging between 43–98%. Isolation of intermediate, and further conversion of it to the end‐product supported the proposed mechanistic pathway.
High‐intensity light promotes adaptive divergence of photosynthetic traits between sun‐exposed and shaded populations in Saxifraga fortunei
Authors: Magota Kana , Gotoh Eiji , Sakaguchi Shota , Ikeda Hajime , Setoguchi Hiroaki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPremiseLight is essential for plants, and local populations exhibit adaptive photosynthetic traits depending on their habitats. Although plastic responses in morphological and/or physiological characteristics to different light intensities are well known, adaptive divergence with genetic variation remains to be explored. This study focused on Saxifraga fortunei (Saxifragaceae) growing in sun‐exposed and shaded habitats.MethodsWe measured the leaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic rate of plants grown in their natural habitats and in a common greenhouse (high‐ and low‐intensity light experimental sites). To assess differences in ecophysiological tolerance to high‐intensity light between the sun and shade types, we evaluated the level of photoinhibition of photosystem II and the leaf mortality rate under high‐intensity light conditions. In addition, population genetic analysis was conducted to investigate phylogenetic origins.ResultsClear phenotypic differences were found between the sun and shade types despite their recent phylogenetic origin. The leaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic rate showed plastic changes in response to growing conditions. Moreover, the sun type had a well‐developed palisade parenchyma and a higher photosynthetic rate, which were genetically fixed, and a lower level of photoinhibition under high‐intensity light.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that light intensity is a selective pressure that can rapidly promote phenotypic divergence between the sun and shade types. While phenotypic changes in multiple photosynthetic traits were plastic, genetic divergence in specific traits related to adaptation to high‐intensity light would be fundamental for ecotypic divergence to different light regimes.
Collective Synthesis of Furanocoumarin Natural Products Through a Radical‐mediated Construction of Furanocoumarin Skeletons
Authors: Kotaka Yuko , Nakajima Masaya , Nemoto Tetsuhiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFuranocoumarins are attractive targets in the synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry field because of their structural diversity and interesting biological properties. Herein, we describe the synthesis of furanocoumarin natural products from common furanocoumarin skeletons. A key step was a novel intramolecular radical cyclization onto nitrile to synthesize angular and linear franocoumarins, which was optimized by reacting iodocoumarin derivatives in the presence of (Me3Si)3SiH and oxygen. These compounds served as intermediates in the syntheses of vaginidiol, vaginidin, oroselol, multivittan D, gaudichaudine, oreoselone, peucedanin, and smyrindiol, successfully demonstrating the versatility of the intermediates and utility of the radical cyclization method for accessing furanocoumarin natural products.
Neurochemical organization of cortical proteinopathy and neurophysiology along the Alzheimer's disease continuum
Authors: Wiesman Alex I. , Gallego‐Rudolf Jonathan , Villeneuve Sylvia , Baillet Sylvain , Wilson Tony W. ,   the PREVENT‐AD Research Group
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDespite parallel research indicating amyloid‐β accumulation, alterations in cortical neurophysiological signaling, and multi‐system neurotransmitter disruptions in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the relationships between these phenomena remains unclear.METHODSUsing magnetoencephalography, positron emission tomography, and an atlas of 19 neurotransmitters, we studied the alignment between neurophysiological alterations, amyloid‐β deposition, and the neurochemical gradients of the cortex.RESULTSIn patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD, changes in cortical rhythms were topographically aligned with cholinergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic systems. These alignments correlated with the severity of clinical impairments. Additionally, cortical amyloid‐β plaques were preferentially deposited along neurochemical boundaries, influencing how neurophysiological alterations align with muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Most of the amyloid‐β‐neurochemical and alpha‐band neuro‐physio‐chemical alignments replicated in an independent dataset of individuals with asymptomatic amyloid‐β accumulation.DISCUSSIONOur findings demonstrate that AD pathology aligns topographically with the cortical distribution of chemical neuromodulator systems and scales with clinical severity, with implications for potential pharmacotherapeutic pathways.Highlights
Changes in cortical rhythms in Alzheimer's are organized along neurochemical boundaries.
The strength of these alignments is related to clinical symptom severity.
Deposition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) is aligned with similar neurotransmitter systems.
Aβ deposition mediates the alignment of beta rhythms with cholinergic systems.
Most alignments replicate in participants with pre‐clinical Alzheimer's pathology.
Exploring the critical years for interdisciplinary citations
Authors: Rong Guoyang , Ma Feicheng , Qian Yuxing , Zhang Zhijian , Chen Shuaipu , Sun Yujiao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRevealing interdisciplinary patterns is a cornerstone for the continued evolution of research, education, and societal progress, providing a scaffold upon which to build a more collaborative and integrated approach to knowledge creation. This study presents a novel approach to identifying and analyzing the critical year for interdisciplinary citations (CYIC), which was defined as the year in which qualitative change in interdisciplinary knowledge flow occurred. We conducted two experiments using a Chinese paper dataset spanning 106 disciplines from 1992 to 2022, with the first to pinpoint the occurrence of CYICs and the second to examine three patterns of interdisciplinarity following these CYICs. Our findings revealed that 85% of disciplines exhibit CYICs, often corresponding with a transition from unidirectional output to reciprocal knowledge cooperation. Furthermore, we found that datasets after CYICs are generally characterized by increased interdisciplinarity of knowledge, albeit without a corresponding rise in the interdisciplinarity of disciplines or interdisciplinary diversity. Our results suggest that policy shifts and societal needs are pivotal in driving the formation of interdisciplinary collaborations, as exemplified by the surge in mutual interdisciplinary citations in response to China's poverty alleviation efforts and western development policies.
Time‐varying output group formation‐containment tracking control for heterogeneous multi‐agent system
Authors: Han Nani , Zhang Keer , Zhao Li 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe time‐varying output group formation‐containment tracking (TVOGFCT) problem of discrete‐time heterogeneous multi‐agent system (MAS) is investigated in this paper. Assuming the MAS consists of multiple tracking leaders, formation leaders, and followers, and all the agents are divided into several groups. Firstly, to estimate the convex combination of tracking leaders in the same group, the distributed observers are designed for the formation leaders, and the observer‐based formation tracking protocols are also presented to make formation leaders realize the desired time‐varying group formation while tracking the convex combination of tracking leaders. Then, two types of observers are proposed to estimate the convex combination of tracking information and formation functions, based on which the containment tracking protocols are designed for the followers of each group. By using output regulation theory and Lyapunov theory, it is illustrated that the designed protocols can make the MAS realize TVOGFCT. Finally, the simulation results prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Spectroscopic and dynamic orbital analyses of metal‐poor and high proper‐motion stars: I. HD 8724 and HD 195633
Authors: Marışmak M. , Şahin T. , Güney F. , Plevne O. , Bilir S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, spectral, age, kinematic, and orbital dynamical analyses were conducted on metal‐poor and high proper‐motion (HPM) stars, HD 8724 and HD 195633, selected from the Solar neighborhood. This analysis combines detailed abundance measurements, kinematics, and orbital dynamics to determine their origin. Standard 1D local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis provides a fresh determination of the atmospheric parameters: Teff = 4700 ± 115 K, log g = 1.65 ± 0.32 cgs, [Fe/H] = −1.59 ± 0.04 dex, and a microturbulent velocity 1.58 ± 0.50 km s−1 for HD 8724 and Teff = 6100 ± 205 K, log g = 3.95 ± 0.35 cgs, [Fe/H] = −0.52 ± 0.05 dex, and 1.26 ± 0.50 km s−1 for HD 195633. The ages were estimated using a Bayesian approach (12.25 Gyr for HD 8724 and 8.15 Gyr for HD 195633). The escape scenarios of these stars from 170 candidate globular clusters (GCs) in the Galaxy were also investigated because of their chemical and physical differences (HPM and metal‐poor nature). Accordingly, the calculated probability of encounter (59%) for HD 8724 at a distance of five tidal radius suggests that star HD 8724 may have escaped from NGC 5139 ( Cen), supported by its highly flattened orbit and may belong to a subpopulation of this GC. Conversely, HD 195633's kinematics, age, and metal abundances point toward an escape from the bulge GC NGC 6356.
A Marginalized Zero‐Inflated Negative Binomial Model for Spatial Data: Modeling COVID‐19 Deaths in Georgia
Authors: Mutiso Fedelis , Pearce John L. , Benjamin‐Neelon Sara E. , Mueller Noel T. , Li Hong , Neelon Brian 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTSpatial count data with an abundance of zeros arise commonly in disease mapping studies. Typically, these data are analyzed using zero‐inflated models, which comprise a mixture of a point mass at zero and an ordinary count distribution, such as the Poisson or negative binomial. However, due to their mixture representation, conventional zero‐inflated models are challenging to explain in practice because the parameter estimates have conditional latent‐class interpretations. As an alternative, several authors have proposed marginalized zero‐inflated models that simultaneously model the excess zeros and the marginal mean, leading to a parameterization that more closely aligns with ordinary count models. Motivated by a study examining predictors of COVID‐19 death rates, we develop a spatiotemporal marginalized zero‐inflated negative binomial model that directly models the marginal mean, thus extending marginalized zero‐inflated models to the spatial setting. To capture the spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the data, we introduce region‐level covariates, smooth temporal effects, and spatially correlated random effects to model both the excess zeros and the marginal mean. For estimation, we adopt a Bayesian approach that combines full‐conditional Gibbs sampling and Metropolis–Hastings steps. We investigate features of the model and use the model to identify key predictors of COVID‐19 deaths in the US state of Georgia during the 2021 calendar year.
Years of Life Lost to COVID‐19 and Related Mortality Indicators: An Illustration in 30 Countries
Authors: Rousson Valentin , Locatelli Isabella 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe concept of (potential) years of life lost is a measure of premature mortality that can be used to compare the impacts of different specific causes of death. However, interpreting a given number of years of life lost at face value is more problematic because of the lack of a sensible reference value. In this paper, we propose three denominators to divide an excess years of life lost, thus obtaining three indicators, called average life lost, increase of life lost, and proportion of life lost, which should facilitate interpretation and comparisons. We study the links between these three indicators and classical mortality indicators, such as life expectancy and standardized mortality rate, introduce the concept of weighted standardized mortality rate, and calculate them in 30 countries to assess the impact of COVID‐19 on mortality in the year 2020. Using any of the three indicators, a significant excess loss is found for both genders in 18 of the 30 countries.
Robust Regression Techniques for Multiple Method Comparison and Transformation
Authors: Dufey Florian 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTA generalization of Passing–Bablok regression is proposed for comparing multiple measurement methods simultaneously. Possible applications include assay migration studies or interlaboratory trials. When comparing only two methods, the method boils down to the usual Passing–Bablok estimator. It is close in spirit to reduced major axis regression, which is, however, not robust. To obtain a robust estimator, the major axis is replaced by the (hyper‐)spherical median axis. This technique has been applied to compare SARS‐CoV‐2 serological tests, bilirubin in neonates, and an in vitro diagnostic test using different instruments, sample preparations, and reagent lots. In addition, plots similar to the well‐known Bland–Altman plots have been developed to represent the variance structure.
Role of sustainable business model, Industry 4.0, crowdfunding, and stakeholders' pressure toward firm's sustainability: A SEM‐ANN approach
Authors: Rahman Amin Ur , Wen Fenghua , Amjad Fiza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith growing global attention on achieving sustainable development goals, businesses worldwide face mounting pressures to incorporate sustainability into their business models and operations. However, despite the recognized importance of sustainability in modern manufacturing operations, the path toward embedding sustainability remains unclear and challenging for many manufacturing firms. Within the theoretical framework of dynamic capability theory and the imperative of sustainable development goals, this study investigates the influence of sustainable business models, crowdfunding, Industry 4.0 technologies, and stakeholders' pressure on the sustainable performance of manufacturing firms in Pakistan. Based on survey data from 370 small and medium enterprise owners and managers, our study utilized a hybrid approach by combining partial least squares–Structural equation modeling (SEM) and artificial neural networking techniques. The results emphasize a significant and positive impact of a sustainable business model on firm sustainability. Moreover, the findings reveal that Industry 4.0 technology and crowdfunding partially mediate the relationship between sustainable business models and sustainable performance, highlighting the significant role of advanced technologies and alternative financing. Besides, stakeholders' pressure emerges as a crucial moderator, further strengthening the relationship between sustainable business models and firm sustainability. This study advances knowledge of sustainable business actions within the firms and constitutes a valuable input for businesses, policymakers, and other stakeholders dedicated to enhancing sustainable growth in the manufacturing sector.