bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SCHOOL CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF PUPILS OF PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN NORTHERN DIVISION, JINJA CITY. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Authors: Juliet Konso  , Evelyn Hope Kyokunda  
Published: July 2024

Background
The forces of the environment begin to influence the growth and development of the individual right from the womb of the mother. The study aims to assess the Effect of psychological and school cultural environment on the academic achievement of pupils of public primary schools in Northern Division, Jinja City.
Methodology
A cross-sectional study applied correlational research design to determine whether and to what degree relationships existed among the variables. The data was coded, awarded numerical scores, and entered into the computer for statistical analysis using version 24 Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
Results
(89%) were of primary level, 4 % were certificate holders, and (2%) were diploma holders while 5% were graduates.128(64.7%) agreed that pupils in their schools have enough time to do their homework while 45(22.7%). 190(96%) respondents disagreed with the statement “teachers embarrass each other in front of pupils”. 140 (70.7%) agreed that their schools assign manageable and realistic tasks to teachers. 115 (58%) agreed that their school is open to new ideas, 183 (92.4%) agreed that teachers in their school always utilize lesson plans and schemes of work during lesson delivery, 137 (69.2%) agreed that there is sharing of work and responsibilities among teachers in their school
Conclusions
Learners’ achievement was higher among pupils with a favorable psychological and school-cultural environment since such pupils had enough time for their homework, teachers' respect, routine utilization of lesson plans and schemes of work, openness to new ideas, and sharing responsibilities.
Recommendations
School management should adopt new ideas from other best-performing schools to boost the teaching/learning in their schools to enhance the academic achievement of pupils in public primary schools.
Pengaruh Video Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Matematika pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Zainal Yessi Fazila , Khatimah Husnul 
Published: July 2024

Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk menciptakan suasana belajar yang menarik adalah melalui penggunaan media video pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh penggunaan video pembelajaran terhadap motivasi belajar matematika pada siswa sekolah dasar. Kami menggunakan metode kualitatif, subjek penelitian terdiri dari 8 siswa kelas 5 sekolah dasar. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri dari post-tes untuk mengukur pemahaman siswa setelah pembelajaran, angket untuk mengumpulkan persepsi dan pengalaman terhadap penggunaan video pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Dari hasil pengolahan data soal post test diperoleh hasil sangat baik dilihat dari frekuensi tertinggi yaitu 75%. 2) Respon siswa terhadap motivasi belajar matematika, memberikan kontribusi yang baik, sekitar 4% siswa memilih setuju. 3) Pemanfaatan video dalam pembelajaran memberikan dampak positif terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, dilihat dari frekuensi sangat setuju 3,8%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan video pembelajaran menjadi sarana yang efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika terutama pada siswa sekolah dasar
Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Siswa SMP Pada Materi Teorema Phytagoras
Authors: Novita Elsa , Hamimi Lia 
Published: July 2024

Siswa masih mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami dan menerapkan konsep dasar geometri, yang merupakan prasayarat penting untuk menguasai Teorema phytagoras. Sehingga siswa belum sepenuhnya memiliki kemampuan literasi terutama pada tahap meyajikan permasalahan kebentuk matematika seperti membuat kembali permasalahan dan penyelesaian dengan kalimat, atau gambar dan Memilih menggunakan strategi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan seperti menuliskan langkah-langkah dan cara dalam menyelesaikan soal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan literasi matematis siswa SMP dalam memahami materi Teorema Pythagoras. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang melibatkan 12 orang siswa kelas VIII-A SMP 1 Susoh. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar tes dan wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi tes kemampuan literasi matematis dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan rendahnya kemampuan literasi matematis siswa pada materi Teorema Phytagoras. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variasi yang signifikan dalam kemampuan literasi matematika siswa. Siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi. SN menonjol dalam semua aspek literasi matematika seperti dapat mengkomuniasikan masalah, menyajikan permasalahan ke dalam bentuk matematika, menggubah permasalahan ke bentuk matematika, memilih dan menggunakan strategi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dan memberi argumentasi logis. Sementara siswa dengan kemampuan rendah, seperti CAN, memerlukan dukungan tambahan dalam memahami dan menerapkan konsep-konsep matematika tersebut. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, disarankan agar fokus ditingkatkan pada pengembangan metode pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa dan peningkatan pelatihan bagi guru dalam mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan literasi matematis pada siswa.
Implementasi Supervisi Peer To Peer dalam Mengembangkan Kompetensi Guru
Authors: Supatah Supatah , Thohri Muhammad , Fitriani Moh. Iwan , Safinah Safinah 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang implementasi supervisi peer to peer dalam mengembangkan kompetensi guru SMPN 17 Mataram dan MTSN 3 Mataram kecamatan sekarbela. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Kualitatif menghasilkan data deskriptif. Data pada penelitian ini terdiri dari dua macam yaitu; data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan; 1) Obervasi 2) Wawancara 3) Dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang peneliti gunakan yaitu; pengumpulan data bersamaan dengan proses penelitian, penyajian data, data reduksi dan penarikan kesimpulan.Teknik yang digunakan dalam uji keabsahan data yaitu; triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi supervisi peer to peer di SMPN 17 Mataram dan MTSN 3 Mataram melibatkan berbagai bentuk, seperti penetapan administrasi pengajaran dan penilaian perangkat pembelajaran. Kompetensi guru yang berkembang melalui supervisi peer to peer mencakup kemampuan kolaborasi, komunikasi, pengetahuan pedagogik, serta penggunaan teknologi di SMPN 17 Mataram, dan kemampuan merefleksi diri, kolaborasi, keterampilan pembelajaran aktif, dan pengetahuan pedagogik di MTSN 3 Mataram.
On Path Length, Beam Divergence, and Retroreflector Array Size in Open-Path FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Power Cameron E. N. , Wiacek Aldona 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Open-Path Fourier Transform InfraRed (OP-FTIR) spectroscopy is an established technique used to measure boundary layer trace gas concentrations, consisting (in this work) of a spectrometer with an active mid-IR source coupled to a single transmitting and receiving telescope, and a cube-corner retroreflector array separated from the spectrometer and telescope by an atmospheric path. The detection limit is directly proportional to the optical path length in the atmosphere, which controls target gas spectral absorption depth; however, open-path beam divergence can lead to overfilling of the distant retroreflector array for one-way paths greater than ~300 m (details depend on specifics of spectrometer and telescope optics, plus array size), resulting in decreased returning radiation at the detector. In this case, the absorption signature of the target gas increases, but the signal to noise ratio of the recorded spectrum decreases. We present the results of theoretical spectral simulations for formaldehyde (HCHO) that show how path length, interfering water concentration, and HCHO target concentration affect the expected differential absorption spectrum of the HCHO target. We demonstrate that two-way path lengths > ~300 m are necessary for robust HCHO spectral signatures (at typical random plus systematic noise levels). Next, we present the results of two field experiments where the retroreflector array area was increased to collect a larger fraction of returning radiation, at two-way path lengths ranging from 50 m to 1300 m. We demonstrate that the larger retroreflector array resulted in a smaller decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio as a function of measurement path, ~1.5 m−1 for the larger array as compared to ~3.6 m−1 for the smaller array. Finally, we perform retrievals of HCHO concentrations from spectra collected at the same field site and path length in Halifax Harbour during 2018 and 2021, with a smaller and a larger retroreflector array, respectively. We demonstrate that retrievals based on larger retroreflector array spectra exhibit higher precision (average standard deviation of 0.352 ppb for 2021 and 0.678 ppb for 2018 in hourly formaldehyde data bins over two days), even though systematic errors remain in the fitted spectra, due to water vapour. Where systematic fitting errors in interfering species are significant, a longer path may not be optimal for a given target gas, leading instead to biased retrievals; moreover, at very long pathlengths signal-to-noise ratio decreases with increasing water vapour conditions due to broadband spectrum signal reduction effects in water-saturated regions. We discuss factors to consider in the choice of path length and retroreflector array size in open-path FTIR spectroscopy, which must be made with care.
Hydro-pedotransfer functions: a roadmap for future development
Authors: Weber Tobias Karl David , Weihermüller Lutz , Nemes Attila , Bechtold Michel , Degré Aurore , Diamantopoulos Efstathios , Fatichi Simone , Filipović Vilim , Gupta Surya , Hohenbrink Tobias L. , Hirmas Daniel R. , Jackisch Conrad , de Jong van Lier Quirijn , Koestel John , Lehmann Peter , Marthews Toby R. , Minasny Budiman , Pagel Holger , van der Ploeg Martine , Shojaeezadeh Shahab Aldin , Svane Simon Fiil , Szabó Brigitta , Vereecken Harry , Verhoef Anne , Young Michael , Zeng Yijian , Zhang Yonggen , Bonetti Sara 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Hydro-pedotransfer functions (PTFs) relate easy-to-measure and readily available soil information to soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) for applications in a wide range of process-based and empirical models, thereby enabling the assessment of soil hydraulic effects on hydrological, biogeochemical, and ecological processes. At least more than 4 decades of research have been invested to derive such relationships. However, while models, methods, data storage capacity, and computational efficiency have advanced, there are fundamental concerns related to the scope and adequacy of current PTFs, particularly when applied to parameterise models used at the field scale and beyond. Most of the PTF development process has focused on refining and advancing the regression methods, while fundamental aspects have remained largely unconsidered. Most soil systems are not represented in PTFs, which have been built mostly for agricultural soils in temperate climates. Thus, existing PTFs largely ignore how parent material, vegetation, land use, and climate affect processes that shape SHPs. The PTFs used to parameterise the Richards–Richardson equation are mostly limited to predicting parameters of the van Genuchten–Mualem soil hydraulic functions, despite sufficient evidence demonstrating their shortcomings. Another fundamental issue relates to the diverging scales of derivation and application, whereby PTFs are derived based on laboratory measurements while often being applied at the field to regional scales. Scaling, modulation, and constraining strategies exist to alleviate some of these shortcomings in the mismatch between scales. These aspects are addressed here in a joint effort by the members of the International Soil Modelling Consortium (ISMC) Pedotransfer Functions Working Group with the aim of systematising PTF research and providing a roadmap guiding both PTF development and use. We close with a 10-point catalogue for funders and researchers to guide review processes and research.
How to Narrate History to Inspire a Better Future
Authors: Carnell Rachel K. 
Published: July 2024

As a reader with a taste for sweeping accounts of human history that provide insight into how we got to our present moment and how we might ameliorate the current state of humanity, I remain intrigued by Graeber and Wengrow’s larger dream that humans today could govern themselves more imaginatively. I also am deeply grateful to the contributors to this special issue for illuminating Rousseau’s prior yet in some ways more sophisticated philosophical critique of Western culture. I am further appreciative of the crucial historical contexts—from seventeenth-century France to nineteenth-century Massachusetts (with student responses from twenty-first-century Cleveland, Ohio and Baton Rouge, Louisiana)—offered in the following essays, contexts that provide granular detail that will allow us to continue to explore and reflect on the barriers to humanity’s unrealized potential.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TGT PADA MATA PELAJARAN PKN
Authors: Tini Sri yulias 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran TGT (Team Games Tournaments) pada mata pelajaran PKn di kelas IX.2 SMPN 6 Muaro Bungo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas IX.2 SMP Negeri 6 Muaro Bungo pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IX.2 SMPN 6 Muaro Bungo dengan jumlah siswa adalah 28 orang. Karakteristika siswa diantaranya: 17 orang adalah perempuan dan 11 orang adalah siswa laki-laki dengan 7 siswa mempunyai kemampuan akademis tinggi, 10 siswa mempunyai kemampuan akademis sedang, 11 siswa mempunyai kemampuan akademis rendah. Tahapan dalam penelitian mulai dari perencanaan tindakan yang meliputi :penyiapan sarana pendukung, penyiapan instrument penelitian, serta penyiapan sarana refleksi. Setelah perencanaan tindakan, dilakukan pelaksanaan tindakan, dilanjutkan dengan observasi dan diakhiri dengan refleksi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh terjadinya peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran TGT (Team Games Tournament) dengan rata-rata pada observasi awal adalah 73,1 meningkat menjadi 80,6 pada akhir siklus I. Terjadi peningkatan 7 poin. Penigkatan juga terjadi pada pencapaian KKM yang awalnya 61% pada observasi awal meningkat menjadi 82% di akhir siklus I. Karena keterbatasan waktu penelitian, peneliti menghentikan penelitian pada siklus I.
PENYEDIAAN FASILITAS PENDUKUNG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMBELAJARAN BAGI SISWA BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SEKOLAH UMUM
Authors: Megawati Megawati , Lutfiani Dhea , Andriani Opi 
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui fasilitas pendidikan di SDN 036/II Sarana Jaya. untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran bagi siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan wawancara dan dokumentasi.sabjek penelitian yaitu ibu reni maryani selaku wali kelas SDN 036/II Saran Jaya dan siswa kelas 5 SDN 036/II Sarana Jaya. Sedangkan objek penelitian yakni pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran di SDN 036/II Saran Jaya. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa di SDN 036/II Sarana Jaya, anak berkebutuhan khusus (tuna wicara) di Kabupaten Bungo mendapatkan fasilitas sesuia dengan kebutuhn yang dibutuhkan yaitu berupa papan komunikasi yang mempermudah anak tersebut dalam mengungkapkan apa yang ingin mereka sampaikan.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP ABK YANG BERSEKOLAH DI SEKOLAH UMUM
Authors: Adillah Adillah , Serawati Serawati , Andriani Opi , Prahagia Yelvia 
Published: July 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap ABK yang bersekolah disekolah umum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi: observasi, wawancara yang dimasukkan kedalam angket data, dan dokumentasi. Subyek penelitian atau informannya adalah masyarakat sekitar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) yang bersekolah disekolah umum jika disimpulkan kedalam bentuk persen adalah dalam perhatian orang tua (masyarakat) terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus sebesar 60%, dalam pemahaman orang tua (masyarakat) terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus sebesar 87% dan dalam pentingnya kualitas pelayanan menurut orang tua (masyarakat) terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus sebesar 93%. Sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003, BAB IV pasal (5) ayat (1), bahwa setiap warga negara mempunyai hak yang sama untuk memperoleh pendidikan yang bermutu.
ЖЫЛУМЕН ЖАБДЫҚТАУ ЖҮЙЕЛЕРІНДЕ ҚОЛДАНЫЛАТЫН ЖЫЛУ СОРҒЫ ҚОНДЫРҒЫЛАРЫНЫҢ ТИІМДІЛІГІН АРТТЫРУ ҮШІН КОМПРЕССОРЛАРДЫ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТТІК ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: Алимкулов Mурат , Миргородский Сергей , Гольцев Анатолий , Апшикур Байтак , Чернавин Валерий 
Published: July 2024

Су, жылу сорғыларының құрылғыларын дамытудағы зерттеудің өзекті бағыттарының бірі-өзгермелі спиральды беті бар бұрандалы компрессорлық сорғыларды қолдану. Атап айтқанда, мұндай компрессорларды сыртқы жағдайлардың әсерін болжай отырып, жылу сорғыларында қолдану, оның өнімділігін оңтайландыруға және болжауға мүмкіндік береді. Егер біз басқарудың стандартты аппаратурасына жүгінетін болсақ, басқарудың жеңілдетілген оңтайлы тұжырымдамалары тиімдірек болады. Бұл мақалада, біз осы мәселені қарастырамыз және өзгермелі спиральды беті бар, бұрандалы компрессорлық сорғыларды және шағын өлшемді жылу сорғысы үшін, уақыт бойынша өзгеретін пайдалы әсер коэффициентін, алынған шартқа бейімдеу түрінде анықтаймыз. Біздің шешіміміз, басқару горизонтында өзгеретін сыртқы температура мен жүктеме профиліне байланысты, жылу сорғысының тиімділігінің өзгеруін ескереді. Ұсынылған сорғының конструктивті өзгеруі, бұрандалы компрессорлық сорғылардың спиральды бетін реттеуге, сонымен қатар олардың жұмысын әртүрлі жағдайларға бейімдеуге мүмкіндік береді, бұл тиімділікті арттырады және қуат көзінің тұтынудағы шығынын азайтады. Сонымен бірге, ақылды басқарудың заманауи технологияларын қолдану, қоршаған орта жағдайлары мен бөлменің қажеттіліктерін ескере отырып, нақты уақыт режимінде сорғылардың жұмысын оңтайландыруға мүмкіндік береді. Ұсынылған тәсіл компрессорлық сорғыны сынау стендінде егжей-тегжейлі тексерілді және іске асырылды. Бұл жұмыстың ғылыми-техникалық деңгейі, Д. Серікбаев атындағы ШҚТУ-да кез-келген деңгейдегі ғылыми-зерттеу жұмыстарын жүргізу кезінде, әдістер мен әдістемелерді қолдануға негізделген. Бұл жұмысты метрологиялық қамтамасыз ету- Д. Серікбаев атындағы ШҚТУ кафедрасының зертханалық-техникалық базасымен қамтамасыз етіледі. Қарқынды имитациялық талдау, әдістің дәлдігі мен әлеуетін, соның ішінде практикалық іске асыру тұрғысынан көрсете отырып, тестілеуді толықтырады.
МЕТОД, АЛГОРИТМ И ПРОГРАММНОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ТЕРМОМЕХАНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ СТЕРЖНЯ ПЕРЕМЕННОГО СЕЧЕНИЯ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
Authors: Аршидинова Мукаддас , Кудайкулов Анарбай , Ташев Азат 
Published: July 2024

В работе рассматривается горизонтальный стержень ограниченной длины переменного сечения. Радиус сечения стержня по ее длине меняется нелинейно. В связи с этим образующий стержня будет криволинейной. Боковая поверхность этого стержня теплоизолированное. Радиус поперечного сечения левого конца стержня меньше, чем правый. На площадь поперечного сечения левого конца стержня подведен тепловой поток постоянной интенсивности. Через площадь поперечного сечения правого конца стержня происходит теплообмен с окружающей средой . Рассматривается 5-случаев температуры окружающей средs Тос÷[ 20, 3040, 50]. Численно исследуется влияние температуры окружающей среды на термо-напряженно-деформированное состояние исследуемого стержня. При этом основные разрешающие уравнения выводится из условия сохранения тепловой энергии. Разработаны алгоритм и программа, позволяющие провести серии вычислительных экспериментов по исследованию термо-напряженно-деформированного состояния стержня с криволинейными образующими под воздействием температуры окружающей среды. Определен закон распределения температуры, а в случае защемления только одного конца стержня определено термическое удлинение. В случае защемления обоих концов стержня определена термическая осевая сила в зависимости от температуры окружающей среды. Также, определены законы распределения термоупругих, температурных и упругих составляющих деформаций, и напряжений в зависимости от значения температуры окружающей среды. Далее методом минимизации потенциальной энергии с учетом поля температуры, определено поле перемещения в зависимости от температуры окружающей среды. Исследование проводилось с применением вычислительного метода основанной на законе сохранения тепловой энергии.
О ПРОГРАММНОЙ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ИМИТАЦИОННОЙ МОДЕЛИ КРИПТОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ РЕЗЕРВНОГО ХРАНЕНИЯ КОНФИДЕНЦИАЛЬНЫХ ДАННЫХ В ЗАЩИЩЕННЫХ СЕРВЕРАХ
Authors: Оспанов Руслан , Сейткулов Ержан , Сатыбалдина Дина , Тасмағамбетов Олжас , Жүзбаев Серік 
Published: July 2024

Данная работа посвящена программной реализации имитационной модели криптографической системы резервного хранения конфиденциальных данных в защищенных серверах, демонстрирующей ее отказоустойчивость. Это одно из важных проблем в вопросах обеспечения безопасности функционирования критически важных информационных систем, оперирующие с большими объемами конфиденциальной информации. А именно, представлен новый программный инструмент, написанный на языке Python3. Функционал модели обеспечивается комбинацией ряда криптографических протоколов, таких как, протокол распределенной генерации ключей, основанный на дискретном логарифмировании на эллиптических кривых, протокол проверяемого порогового разделения секрета Педерсена и алгоритм шифрования Эль-Гамаля на эллиптических кривых. В рамках модели взаимодействуют портал, пользователь и сеть распределенных серверов. Пользователь размещает на портале клиентскую заявку на безопасное хранение своих конфиденциальных данных на заданный срок. Далее сеть серверов выполняют предусмотренные вышеуказанными криптографическими протоколами вычисления, обеспечивая безопасное хранение соответствующих секретных данных. Причем даже если некоторое количество, не превышающее заданный порог, серверов выйдут из строя, то система будет продолжать работать.
DEPOSITS IN EQUIPMENT AND COMMUNICATIONS OF COKE OVEN GAS OF COKE OVEN PRODUCTION (Review)
Authors: Экгауз В.И. , Покрышкин К.В. , Дементьева Н.В. 
Published: July 2024

Выполнен обзор опубликованных материалов, касающихся образования отложений со стороны коксового газа при его транспортировании и обработке в цехах улавливания химических продуктов коксования коксохимических предприятий; описания природы и механизмов образования отложений, способов предотвращения их образования в оборудовании и газопроводах.
A review of published materials relating to the formation of deposits from coke oven gas during its transportation and processing in the shops for capturing chemical products of coking coke plants was carried out; descriptions of the nature and mechanisms of sediment formation, ways to prevent their formation in equipment and gas pipelines.