bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of biobased copolyesters based on pentanediol: (1) Poly(pentylene dodecanoate‐co‐furandicarboxylate)
Authors: Singh Onkar , Aboukeila Hesham , Klier John , Huber George W. , Grady Brian P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA series of biobased aliphatic‐aromatic copolyesters, poly(pentylene dodecanoate‐co‐furandicarboxylates) (PPeDFs) were synthesized via an esterification and polycondensation melt process. The copolyesters were characterized using gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, wide angle x‐ray scattering, and tensile testing. The thermal transition behavior was strongly dependent on composition, with the melting and glass transition temperatures reaching a minimum at approximately equimolar ratio of D to F. All copolyesters were stable below 300°C with their R600 (the weight of material remaining at 600°C) values increasing with F fraction. PPeD to PPeDF30 (e.g., mole ratio D/F = 7:3) show sharp PPeD crystalline reflections only while broad PPeF reflections are shown in PPeF and PPeDF90. PPeDF40 to PPeDF80 showed both crystal structures. The fractional crystallinity for the PPeD was much higher than PPeF and the fractional crystallinity of the copolymers showed a minimum at D/F ratios closer to the latter. The stress at break and modulus both exhibited maxima at D/F ratios that were either high or low, but somewhat surprisingly a strong maximum in percent elongation at break of over 600% occurs at PPeDF40. For this composition, a typical plastic behavior curve was found including a yield point, high elongation at break, and strain hardening.Highlights
Poly(pentylene dodecanoate‐co‐furandicarboxylates) (PPeDFs) are synthesized
Mechanical properties, a function of D:F ratio. High elongation at 40 mol% F.
Two melting temperatures/crystal structures, one PPeD, the other PPeF
Glass transition temperature minimum at intermediate D:F ratios
Comparison of cell morphology and mechanical properties of wheat straw powder/HDPE parts molded by supercritical fluid foamed injection with and without gas counter pressure technology
Authors: Jiang Xi‐long , Chen Xing‐yuan , Wang Fang‐Fang , Chien Ming‐yuan , Li Hai‐mei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractComposites were fabricated using maleic anhydride‐grafted high‐density polyethylene as the matrix material and wheat straw as the filler. Differential scanning calorimetry and rheological properties of these composites were investigated to determine the processing parameters for supercritical fluid (SCF) microcellular injection with and without gas counter pressure (GCP) technology. The impacts of different proportions and dimensions of wheat straw, along with process parameters related to GCP, were determined on both the cellular structure and mechanical characteristics of foamed injection molded components. Experimental results revealed that an increase in the ratio of wheat straw and a reduction in its size led to enhancements in both storage modulus and complex viscosity of the composites, while also improving their cell structure when foamed with SCF. By adjusting GCP process parameters, it was possible to regulate both cell morphology and mechanical properties of foamed injection molded parts. Higher GCP or longer GCP holding time resulted in increased skin thickness and tensile strength but decreased notched Izod impact strength.Highlights
Built relations between GCP technology parameters and cell morphologies.
Compared the influence of wheat straw powder and GCP parameters quantitatively.
Explored the correlation between cellular morphology and mechanical properties.
The regulatory mechanism of cell morphology, size ratio, and distribution.
GCP effectively modulates cell morphologies and mechanical properties.
Development of a quaternary photocurable system for 3D printing based on the addition of acrylate monomers to an epoxy/thiol‐Ene system
Authors: Acosta Ortiz Ricardo , Hernandez Jiménez Alan Isaac , Ku Herrera José de Jesus , May Pat Alejandro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe exothermic nature of acrylate photopolymerizations enables room temperature 3D printing of a quaternary formulation that incorporates an acrylate monomer, and an epoxy/thiol‐ene system (ETES). The latter comprises an epoxy monomer, a multifunctional thiol and a tetraallyl functionalized ditertiary amine curing agent. Pristine ETES necessitates temperatures of 85–95 °C for curing. Several mechanisms operate simultaneously during this process: homopolymerization of acrylates, thiol‐acrylate photopolymerization, thiol‐ene photopolymerization between the double bonds of curing agent and the multifunctional thiol, the Michael addition between thiolates derived from ETES and the double bonds of acrylates, and the anionic polymerization of the epoxy resin via the tertiary amine groups. To optimize the quaternary formulations for printing, parameters, such as reactivity, exothermicity, and viscosity, was explored. Subsequently, the thermal and viscoelastic properties of the printed cross‐linked polymers derived from these formulations were analyzed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The polymers derived from quaternary formulations exhibited lower crosslinked density compared to those obtained from the pristine acrylates. This reduction in crosslink density contributes to the improved toughness of the hybrid polymers.
Influence of amine chain extenders on morphology and performances of poly(dimethylsiloxane) based poly(urea‐urethane) elastomers
Authors: Ge Shang , Zhu Youzhi , Zhu Yun , Wang Guiyou , Chen Guoming , Liu Shihong , Ye Ping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe structure, morphology, and performance of polyurethanes are greatly influenced by the structure of chain extenders. In this study, two types of amine chain extenders, 1,3‐bis(3‐aminopropyl)‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane (BAPD) and isophorone diamine (IPDA), were utilized in the synthesis of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)‐based poly(urea‐urethane) elastomers (PDMS‐PUUs). The mechanical properties, morphology, and in vitro oxidative stability of the as‐prepared elastomers were controlled by altering the ratio of BAPD and IPDA. The results indicate that the overall phase mixing of PDMS‐PUUs improves after incorporating of BAPD into the hard segments. The hard segment, composed of IPDA with a rigid structure, plays a crucial role in maintaining the essential mechanical properties of the PDMS‐PUUs. Furthermore, PDMS‐PUUs based on mixed chain extenders exhibit relatively high boundary diffuseness and boundary thickness. Especially, the PDMS‐PUU sample synthesized from BAPD and IPDA with a molar ratio of 1/1 features the highest boundary diffuseness (0.094) and boundary thickness (0.395 nm), consequently displaying some remarkable properties, including enhanced cyclic tensile properties, superior strain recovery (92.6%), a low modulus (8.6 MPa), and high tensile strength (20.3 MPa). PDMS‐PUUs also exhibit good oxidative stability and biocompatibility, implying that the as‐prepared PDMS‐PUUs are proven to be biostable and capable of long‐term implantation.
Toward sustainable cities: Assessing drivers of SDG performance in Italian municipalities
Authors: Raimo Nicola , L'Abate Vitiana , Marrone Arcangelo , Vitolla Filippo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, municipalities are increasingly recognized as pivotal actors in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their significant contributions have also garnered attention in academic literature. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated the integration of the SDGs into the visions and strategies of municipalities, as well as the factors driving their efforts toward the SDGs. Therefore, this study aims to fill this important gap by examining, under the lens of stakeholder theory, the SDG performance of Italian municipalities and the drivers of these performance levels. The results reveal a delay in the progress toward achieving the SDGs. Furthermore, they demonstrate a negative impact of population size on the SDG performance of Italian municipalities, alongside positive effects of multiculturalism, location in the northern regions, and the level of tourism. The results significantly contribute to academic literature and hold important practical implications.
Antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of Listeria species from raw milk and dairy products in Burdur, Turkey
Authors: Erol Zeki , Polat Zübeyde , Soyuçok Ali , Yalçın Halil , Taşçı Fulya 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesWorldwide, but especially in emerging nations, concerns about food safety pose a serious obstacle to societal and economic progress. This research aimed to examine the prevalence of Listeria spp. in raw milk and dairy products in Burdur, as well as the presence of genes associated with biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in the isolates.MethodsA total of 185 samples, including raw milk, curd, cream, butter, yogurt and cheese, were randomly collected in Burdur. The enrichment and isolation methods specified by the United States Department of Agriculture was used to identify Listeria species in milk and dairy product samples. Culture‐positive strains were identified as Listeria genus and as species by PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was evaluated against 14 antibiotics using the disc diffusion technique (EUCAST).ResultsOf them, 2.2% (4/185) were positive for Listeria spp. Listeria species were isolated from cheese and yogurt samples. Two of them were Listeria innocua 1.1% (2/185), one was Listeria ivanovii 0.5% (1/185) and the other was Listeria welshimeri 0.5% (1/185). As a result of multiplex PCR of the biofilm genotypic marker luxS and flaA genes, the flaA gene was detected in three of four isolates, the luxS gene was detected in one isolate, and these two genes were not found in one isolate. Although all isolates were resistant to gentamicin and rifampicin, they also showed multidrug resistance.ConclusionThis study revealed that the diversity of prevalence of Listeria spp. in Burdur requires microbial risk assessment in the milk and dairy products value chain and the need to focus on the problem of multiple antibiotic resistance.
Double J ureteral stenting in a cat with ureteral obstruction
Authors: Almeida Gabriel Moraes de , Vasconcellos Vitória Magalhães , Bernstein Marcio , Simões Adriano , Leal Gabriela Ramos 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe feline ureter is susceptible to obstruction caused by various factors, including lithiasis, stenosis, neoplasia and retrocaval ureter. However, lithiasis stands as the primary cause, followed by ureteral strictures. Clinical manifestations in affected cats are often nonspecific, contingent upon the degree and laterality of obstruction, with azotaemia being a prominent consequence. This study aims to document a surgical intervention employing a double J catheter in a cat presenting with ureteral obstruction. A 12‐year‐old, male cat presented with anuria, sporadic vomiting, weight loss and anorexia. Laboratory exams revealed severe azotaemia, corroborated by ultrasonography displaying a pseudocyst and signs indicative of ureteral obstruction. Consequently, hospitalisation ensued with exploratory laparotomy surgery. During the procedure, a left nephrectomy became necessary. Utilisation of the double J catheter in the right ureter was pivotal, alongside right ureteral transposition and catheter insertion for peritoneal dialysis. After surgery, peritoneal dialysis commenced promptly. A significant reduction in azotaemia was observed by the end of hospitalisation, along with normal urination and spontaneous feeding. The efficacy of employing the double J ureteral catheter was evident in restoring urinary flow and expediting the patient's recovery period, as evidenced by the data presented.
Orchestrated centers for the production of proteins or “translation factories”
Authors: Crawford Robert A. , Eastham Matthew , Pool Martin R. , Ashe Mark P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe mechanics of how proteins are generated from mRNA is increasingly well understood. However, much less is known about how protein production is coordinated and orchestrated within the crowded intracellular environment, especially in eukaryotic cells. Recent studies suggest that localized sites exist for the coordinated production of specific proteins. These sites have been termed “translation factories” and roles in protein complex formation, protein localization, inheritance, and translation regulation have been postulated. In this article, we review the evidence supporting the translation of mRNA at these sites, the details of their mechanism of formation, and their likely functional significance. Finally, we consider the key uncertainties regarding these elusive structures in cells.This article is categorized under:
Translation
Translation > Mechanisms
RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization
Translation > Regulation
Introduction
Authors: Peverini Paolo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClassifying knowledge always inevitably implies the opportunity to exercise power. In an era where academia is increasingly anchored to a distinction between human and social sciences, to a rigid separation between disciplines presumed to safeguard their relevance, it is no small matter to recognize that there are still scholars whose work systematically eludes a fixed placement, sometimes ending up challenging a series of conventions that are anything but given or harmless. This is certainly the case for a great intellectual like Bruno Latour, forced to grapple with the reactions provoked by his body of research—so decidedly mutable and situated at the intersection of traditionally distinct disciplinary fields such as sociology, philosophy, anthropology, semiotics—to the point of resorting to the autobiographical form to describe the trajectory of an intellectual adventure made of encounters, deviations, recoveries, and circular paths.
Methods Appendix
Authors: Aggestam Karin , Rosamond Annika Bergman , Hedling Elsa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis chapter is the methods appendix of the book The Politics of Feminist Foreign Policy and Digital Diplomacy. It contains three sections. The first section focuses on methodological choices and data collection, including documents, social media data, campaigns, online observations, and interviews. The second and third parts discuss the practical implications and ethical dimensions of the research.
A Network Analysis for HSR Services in the South of Italy
Authors: Rindone Corrado , Russo Antonio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRailway transport represents a travel alternative coherent with the European and international long-term sustainability perspectives. Different European countries are planning and developing the realization of High-Speed Rail (HSR) lines along the main Trans-European Network corridor. For instance, Italy is developing the design of the HSR line Salerno – Reggio Calabria to extend the current network towards the south of Italy. In this context, this paper presents a framework for performing a network analysis. Network analysis allows the evaluation of the centrality and connectivity of a network. Methods and specifications for calculating a set of indicators (degree centrality, strength centrality, eigenvector centrality) are proposed. The framework highlights the inputs, parameters and outputs needed for calculating the proposed indicators. A first pilot application of the framework regards the current railway services offered in the south of Italy. The resulting framework and relative methodology can be useful in a transportation planning process aimed at showing the current main gaps in terms of transport connectivity in the south of Italy. The framework and the results obtained from the pilot application can support decision-makers and takers involved in the railway transportation planning process aimed at increasing accessibility and sustainability goals for people's mobility in the region where HSR lines are developing.
SMLP: Symbolic Machine Learning Prover
Authors: Brauße Franz , Khasidashvili Zurab , Korovin Konstantin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSymbolic Machine Learning Prover (SMLP)is a tool and a library for system exploration based on data samples obtained by simulating or executing the system on a number of input vectors. SMLP aims at exploring the system based on this data by taking a grey-box approach: SMLP uses symbolic reasoning for ML model exploration and optimization under verification and stability constraints, based on SMT, constraint, and neural network solvers. In addition, the model exploration is guided by probabilistic and statistical methods in a closed feedback loop with the system’s response. SMLP has been applied in industrial setting at Intel for analyzing and optimizing hardware designs at the analog level. SMLP is a general purpose tool and can be applied to any system that can be sampled and modeled by machine learning models.
Toward Liveness Proofs at Scale
Authors: McMillan Kenneth L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhile the problem of mechanized proof of liveness of reactive programs has been studied for decades, there is currently no method of proving liveness that is conceptually simple to apply in practice to realistic problems, can be scaled to large problems without modular decomposition, and does not fail unpredictably due to the use of fragile heuristics. We introduce a method of liveness proof by relational rankings, implement it, and show that it meets these criteria in a realistic industrial case study involving a model of the memory subsystem in a CPU.
Algebraic Reasoning Meets Automata in Solving Linear Integer Arithmetic
Authors: Habermehl Peter , Havlena Vojtěch , Hečko Michal , Holík Lukáš , Lengál Ondřej 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present a new angle on solving quantified linear integer arithmetic based on combining the automata-based approach, where numbers are understood as bitvectors, with ideas from (nowadays prevalent) algebraic approaches, which work directly with numbers. This combination is enabled by a fine-grained version of the duality between automata and arithmetic formulae. In particular, we employ a construction where states of automaton are obtained as derivatives of arithmetic formulae: then every state corresponds to a formula. Optimizations based on techniques and ideas transferred from the world of algebraic methods are used on thousands of automata states, which dramatically amplifies their effect. The merit of this combination of automata with algebraic methods is demonstrated by our prototype implementation being competitive to and even superior to state-of-the-art SMT solvers.
Simulating Quantum Circuits by Model Counting
Authors: Mei Jingyi , Bonsangue Marcello , Laarman Alfons 
Published: July 2024

AbstractQuantum circuit compilation comprises many computationally hard reasoning tasks that lie inside #$${\textsf{P}}$$Pand its decision counterpart in $${\textsf{PP}}$$PP. The classical simulation of universal quantum circuits is a core example. We show for the first time that a strong simulation of universal quantum circuits can be efficiently tackled through weighted model counting by providing a linear-length encoding of Clifford+Tcircuits. To achieve this, we exploit the stabilizer formalism by Knill, Gottesmann, and Aaronson by reinterpreting quantum states as a linear combination of stabilizer states. With an open-source simulator implementation, we demonstrate empirically that model counting often outperforms state-of-the-art simulation techniques based on the ZX calculus and decision diagrams. Our work paves the way to apply the existing array of powerful classical reasoning tools to realize efficient quantum circuit compilation; one of the obstacles on the road towards quantum supremacy.
Information Flow Guided Synthesis with Unbounded Communication
Authors: Finkbeiner Bernd , Metzger Niklas , Moses Yoram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInformation flow guided synthesis is a compositional approach to the automated construction of distributed systems where the assumptions between the components are captured as information-flow requirements. Information-flow requirements are hyperproperties that ensure that if a component needs to act on certain information that is only available in other components, then this information will be passed to the component. We present a new method for the automatic construction of information flow assumptions from specifications given as temporal safety properties. The new method is the first approach to handle situations where the required amount of information is unbounded. For example, we can analyze communication protocols that transmit a stream of messages in a potentially infinite loop. We show that component implementations can then, in principle, be constructed from the information flow requirements using a synthesis tool for hyperproperties. We additionally present a more practical synthesis technique that constructs the components using efficient methods for standard synthesis from trace properties. We have implemented the technique in the prototype tool FlowSy, which outperforms previous approaches to distributed synthesis on several benchmarks.
Lattice realizations of topological defects in the critical (1+1)-d three-state Potts model
Authors: Sinha Madhav , Yan Fei , Grans-Samuelsson Linnea , Roy Ananda , Saleur Hubert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Topological/perfectly-transmissive defects play a fundamental role in the analysis of the symmetries of two dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs). In the present work, spin chain regularizations for these defects are proposed and analyzed in the case of the three-state Potts CFT. In particular, lattice versions for all the primitive defects are presented, with the remaining defects obtained from the fusion of the primitive ones. The defects are obtained by introducing modified interactions around two given sites of an otherwise homogeneous spin chain with periodic boundary condition. The various primitive defects are topological on the lattice except for one, which is topological only in the scaling limit. The lattice models are analyzed using a combination of exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group techniques. Low-lying energy spectra for different defect Hamiltonians as well as entanglement entropy of blocks located symmetrically around the defects are computed. The latter provides a convenient way to compute the g-function which characterizes various defects. Finally, the eigenvalues of the line operators in the “crossed channel” and fusion of different defect lines are also analyzed. The results are all in agreement with expectations from conformal field theory.
Weak cosmic censorship and the rotating quantum BTZ black hole
Authors: Frassino Antonia M. , Rocha Jorge V. , Sanna Andrea P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Tests of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture examine the possibility of the breakdown of predictivity of the gravitational theory considered, by checking if curvature singularities typically present in black hole spacetimes are concealed within an event horizon at all times. A possible method to perform such tests was proposed by Wald and consists in trying to overspin an extremal rotating black hole by throwing at it a test particle with large angular momentum. In this paper, we analyze the effects of dropping a test particle into an extremal quantum rotating BTZ black hole, whose three-dimensional metric captures the exact backreaction from strongly coupled quantum conformal fields. Our analysis reveals that, despite the inclusion of quantum effects, and akin to the classical scenario, these attempts to destroy the black hole are doomed to be unsuccessful. Particles carrying the maximum angular momentum and still falling into an extremal quantum BTZ black hole can, at most, leave it extremal. Nevertheless, we found numerical evidence that large backreaction of the quantum fields tends to disfavor violations of cosmic censorship.