bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow and shape reconstructions from remote measurements
Authors: Zia Qazi Muhammad Zaigham , Potthast Roland W.E. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe develop a point source method (PSM) to obtain flow field reconstructions from remote measurements. The PSM belongs to the class of decomposition methods in inverse scattering because it solves the nonlinear and ill‐posed inverse shape reconstruction problem by a decomposition into a linear ill‐posed problem and a nonlinear well‐posed problem. As a model problem, we investigate the reconstruction of the flow field of two‐dimensional stationary Oseen equation,
urn:x-wiley:1704214:media:mma2670:mma2670-math-0001 which is obtained by linearizing the Navier–Stokes equation with kinematic viscosity μ > 0 around the constant velocity u0. In contrast to acoustics or electromagnetics, the use of the PSM in fluid dynamics leads to a number of challenges in terms of the analysis and the proper setup of the scheme, in particular, because the null‐spaces of the integral operators under consideration are no longer trivial and the fundamental solution is not symmetric in its spatial coordinate. We provide a suitable formulation of the method and prove convergence of flow reconstructions by the PSM. For the realization of the reconstruction when the inclusions are not known, we employ domain sampling. We will demonstrate the feasibility of the method for reconstructing one or several objects by numerical examples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microarray and pathway analysis highlight Nrf2/ARE‐mediated expression profiling by polyphenolic myricetin
Authors: Qin Si , Chen Jihua , Tanigawa Shunsuke , Hou De‐Xing 
Published: December 2012

ScopeMyricetin is a dietary flavonol and widely distributed in many edible plants. It has been reported to have many bioactivities and considered as a promising chemopreventive compound. The present study aimed to investigate the influences of myricetin on gene expressions in genome‐wide and underlying mechanisms.Methods and resultsAmong total 44K gene probes, myricetin treatment upregulated the signals of 143 gene probes (0.33% of total probes) and downregulated signals of 476 gene probes (1.08% of total probes) by greater than or equal to twofold in HepG2 cells. The network pathway analysis revealed that nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (Nrf2)‐mediated antioxidant response element (ARE) activation is involved in myricetin‐induced genes expressions. Molecular data revealed that myricetin activated Nrf2‐ARE pathway by inhibiting Nrf2 ubiquitination and protein turnover, stimulating Nrf2 expression and kelch‐like erythroid cell‐derived protein with CNC homology (ECH)‐associated protein 1 modification. All of these events finally increased nuclear Nrf2 accumulation and ARE‐binding activity to enhance ARE‐mediated genes expressions. Additionally, treatment with Nrf2 small interfering RNA attenuated the myricetin‐induced ARE activity and gene expression.ConclusionAn Nrf2‐mediated ARE activation is involved in myricetin‐induced expression profiling in hepatic cells.
In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy detection of combined glutamate‐glutamine in healthy upper cervical cord at 3 T
Authors: Solanky Bhavana S , Abdel‐Aziz Khaled , Yiannakas Marios C , Berry Alaine M , Ciccarelli Olga , Wheeler‐Kingshott Claudia AM 
Published: December 2012

The possibility of quantifying the superimposed signal of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) and its components by 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the spinal cord is an exciting challenge with important clinical applications in neurological conditions. The spinal cord is a particularly difficult region of interest due to its small volume, magnetic field inhomogeneities and physiological motion. In this study, we investigated for the first time the feasibility of obtaining quantitative measurements of Glx in healthy cervical spinal cord by 1 H MRS at 3 T.The aim of this study was to compare two commercially available MRS sequences by spectral simulations and in vivo. A short echo time (TE) point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) with TE = 30 ms and a stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) with TE = 11 ms and mixing time (TM) = 17 ms were compared for reliability of Glx fit. Data allowed us to determine sample size estimates for future clinical studies for the first time.Results showed that PRESS provided a reliable fit for Glx in all cases (Cramér Rao lower bounds < 20%) whereas no reliable Glx fits were achieved using STEAM. Neither protocol provided reliable Glu quantification. The power calculations showed that a minimum sample size of 17 subjects per group was needed to detect Glx changes of > 20% using the PRESS sequence. This study proposed a clinically feasible MRS method for Glx detection in the human cervical cord in vivo including sample sizes needed for conclusive clinical studies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NetCube: a comprehensive network traffic analysis model based on multidimensional OLAP data cube
Authors: Park Daihee , Yu Jaehak , Park Jun‐Sang , Kim Myung‐Sup 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYNetwork traffic monitoring and analysis are essential for effective network operation and resource management. In particular, multidimensional analysis for long‐term traffic data is necessary for comprehensive understanding of the traffic trend and effective quality‐of‐service provision considering the extremely dynamic behavior of the current Internet, where various types of traffic occur from high‐speed network links and greatly increasing number of applications. However, only limited analysis results are provided, as the existing network traffic analysis tools and systems are developed and deployed focusing on their own specialized analysis purposes. Consequently, it is difficult to understand the network comprehensively and deeply, which increases the necessity for multilateral analysis of long‐term traffic data. In this paper, we propose a novel traffic analysis model for large volumes of Internet traffic accumulated over a long period of time. The NetCube, the proposed network traffic analysis model using online analytical processing (OLAP) on a multidimensional data cube, provides an easy and fast way to construct a multidimensional traffic analysis system for comprehensive and detailed analysis of long‐term traffic data by utilizing simple OLAP operations and powerful data‐mining techniques on various abstraction levels of traffic data to complete the analysis purpose. We validate the feasibility and applicability of the proposed NetCube traffic analysis model by implementing a traffic analysis system and applying it to our campus network. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An adaptive scheme for a class of interpolatory model reduction methods for frequency response problems
Authors: Hetmaniuk Ulrich , Tezaur Radek , Farhat Charbel 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYFrequency sweep problems arise in many structural dynamic, acoustic, and structural acoustic applications. In each case, they incur the evaluation of a frequency response function for a typically large number of frequencies. Because each function evaluation requires the solution of an often large‐scale system of equations, frequency sweep problems are computationally intensive. Interpolatory model order reduction is a powerful tool for reducing their cost. However, the performance of this tool depends on the location and number of the interpolation frequency points. It also depends on the number of consecutive frequency derivatives of the response function that are matched at each frequency point. So far, these two choices have been made in the literature in a heuristic manner. In contrast, this paper proposes an automatic adaptive strategy based on monitoring the Euclidean norm of the relative residual associated with the function to be evaluated over the frequency band of interest. More specifically, the number of interpolation points and the number of matched frequency derivatives are adaptively increased until the global Euclidean norm of the relative residual is reduced below a user‐specified tolerance. The robustness, accuracy, and computational efficiency of this adaptive strategy are highlighted with the solution of several frequency sweep problems associated with large‐scale structural dynamic, acoustic, and structural acoustic finite element models. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uncertainty‐based robust aerodynamic optimization of rotor blades
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Hirsch Charles , Liu Zhiyi , Kang Shun , Lacor Chris 
Published: December 2012

SUMMARYThe aerodynamic performance of a compressor is highly sensitive to uncertain working conditions. This paper presents an efficient robust aerodynamic optimization method on the basis of nondeterministic computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation and multi‐objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). A nonintrusive polynomial chaos method is used in conjunction with an existing well‐verified CFD module to quantify the uncertainty propagation in the flow field. This method is validated by comparing with a Monte Carlo method through full 3D CFD simulations on an axial compressor (National Aeronautics and Space Administration rotor 37). On the basis of the validation, the nondeterministic CFD is coupled with a surrogate‐based MOGA to search for the Pareto front. A practical engineering application is implemented to the robust aerodynamic optimization of rotor 37 under random outlet static pressure. Two curve angles and two sweep angles at tip and hub are used as design variables. Convergence analysis shows that the surrogate‐based MOGA can obtain the Pareto front properly. Significant improvements of both mean and variance of the efficiency are achieved by the robust optimization. The comparison of the robust optimization results with that of the initial design, and a deterministic optimization demonstrate that the proposed method can be applied to turbomachinery successfully. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C‐glucosidic Ellagitannins from Lythri herba (European Pharmacopoeia): Chromatographic Profile and Structure Determination
Authors: Piwowarski Jakub P. , Kiss Anna K. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionLythri herba, a pharmacopoeial plant material (European Pharmacopoea), is obtained from flowering parts of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.). Although extracts from this plant material have been proven to possess some interesting biological activities and its pharmacopoeial standardisation is based on total tannin content determination, the phytochemical characterisation of this main group of compounds has not yet been fully conducted.ObjectiveTo isolate ellagitannins from Lythri herba, determine their structures and develop chromatographic methods for their qualitative analysis.ResultsFive C‐glucosidic ellagitannins – monomeric‐ vescalagin and castalagin together with new dimeric structures – salicarinins A–C, composed of vescalagin and stachyurin, vescalagin and casuarinin, castalagin and casuarinin units connected via formation of valoneoyl group, were isolated using column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Structures were determined according to 1H and 13C‐NMR (one‐ and two‐dimensional), electrospray ionisation–time of flight (ESI–TOF), electrospray ionisation‐ion trap (ESI‐MSn) and circular dichroism (CD) spectra, together with acidic hydrolysis products analysis. HPTLC on RP‐18 modified plates and HPLC–DAD–MSn on RP‐18 column methods were developed for separation of the five main ellagitannins. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A PRC2-Dependent Repressive Role of PRDM14 in Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Reprogramming
Authors: Chan Yun-Shen , Göke Jonathan , Lu Xinyi , Venkatesan Nandini , Feng Bo , Su I-Hsin , Ng Huck-Hui 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
PRDM14 is an important determinant of the human embryonic stem cell (ESC) identity and works in concert with the core ESC regulators to activate pluripotency-associated genes. PRDM14 has been previously reported to exhibit repressive activity in mouse ESCs and primordial germ cells; and while PRDM14 has been implicated to suppress differentiation genes in human ESCs, the exact mechanism of this repressive activity remains unknown. In this study, we provide evidence that PRDM14 is a direct repressor of developmental genes in human ESCs. PRDM14 binds to silenced genes in human ESCs and its global binding profile is enriched for the repressive trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) modification. Further investigation reveals that PRDM14 interacts directly with the chromatin regulator polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and PRC2 binding is detected at PRDM14-bound loci in human ESCs. Depletion of PRDM14 reduces PRC2 binding at these loci and the concomitant reduction of H3K27me3 modification. Using reporter assays, we demonstrate that gene loci bound by PRDM14 exhibit repressive activity that is dependent on both PRDM14 and PRC2. In reprogramming human fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), ectopically expressed PRDM14 can repress these developmental genes in fibroblasts. In addition, we show that PRDM14 recruits PRC2 to repress a key mesenchymal gene ZEB1, which enhances mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in the initiation event of iPSC reprogramming. In summary, our study reveals a repressive role of PRDM14 in the maintenance and induction of pluripotency and identifies PRDM14 as a new regulator of PRC2.
Statin Treatment Improves Plasma Lipid Levels but not HDL Subclass Distribution in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Tian Li , Chen Yucheng , Li Chuanwei , Zeng Zhi , Xu Yanhua , Long Shiyin , Fu Mingde 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDespite the established efficacy of statin therapy, the risk of cardiovascular events remains high in many patients. We examined high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distribution profiles among statin‐treated coronary heart disease (CHD) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Plasma HDL subclasses were measured in 85 patients with established CHD and quantified by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. In CHD patients with statin treatment, the mean value of total cholesterol (TC) reached the desirable level and the triacylglycerol level (TAG) was borderline high. Moreover, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), apolipoproteinA‐I, and apolipoproteinB‐100 levels in these patients resembled those in normolipidemic healthy subjects. The HDL subclass did not show a normal distribution and was characterized by the lower large‐sized HDL2b contents and higher contents of small‐sized preβ1‐HDL in CHD patients, compared to those in normolipidemic control subjects. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the severity of coronary stenosis, determined by the Gensini Score, was significantly and independently predicted by HDL2b and HDL3b. Statin therapy was effective in modifying plasma lipids levels, but not adequate as a monotherapy to normalize the HDL subclass distribution phenotype of patients with CHD undergoing PCI. The HDL subclass distribution may aid in risk stratification, especially in patients with CHD and therapeutic LDL‐C and HDL‐C levels.
Lipoxygenase Products in the Urine Correlate with Renal Function and Body Temperature but not with Acute Transplant Rejection
Authors: Reinhold Stephan W. , Scherl Thomas , Stölcker Benjamin , Bergler Tobias , Hoffmann Ute , Weingart Christian , Banas Miriam C. , Kollins Dmitrij , Kammerl Martin C. , Krüger Bernd , Kaess Bernhard , Krämer Bernhard K. , Banas Bernhard 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAcute transplant rejection is the leading cause of graft loss in the first months after kidney transplantation. Lipoxygenase products mediate pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory actions and thus we aimed to correlate the histological reports of renal transplant biopsies with urinary lipoxygenase products concentrations to evaluate their role as a diagnostic marker. This study included a total of 34 kidney transplant recipients: 17 with an acute transplant rejection and 17 controls. LTE4, LTB4, 12‐HETE and 15‐HETE concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Urinary lipoxygenase product concentrations were not significantly changed during an acute allograft rejection. Nevertheless, LTB4 concentrations correlated significantly with the body temperature (P ≤ 0.05) 3 months after transplantation, and 12‐ and 15‐HETE concentrations correlated significantly with renal function (P ≤ 0.05) 2 weeks after transplantation. In conclusion, our data show a correlation for LTB4 with the body temperature 3 months after transplantation and urinary 12‐ and 15‐HETE concentrations correlate positively with elevated serum creatinine concentrations but do not predict acute allograft rejection.
Comparative Effects of Sandalwood Seed Oil on Fatty Acid Profiles and Inflammatory Factors in Rats
Authors: Li Guipu , Singh Anish , Liu Yandi , Sunderland Bruce , Li Duo 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of sandalwood seed oil on fatty acid (FA) profiles and inflammatory factors in rats. Fifty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five different dietary groups: 10 % soybean oil (SO), 10 % olive oil (OO), 10 % safflower oil (SFO), 10 % linseed oil (LSO) and 8 % sandalwood seed oil blended with 2 % SO (SWSO) for 8 weeks. The SWSO group had a higher total n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels but lower n‐6:n‐3 PUFA ratios in both adipose tissue and liver than those in the SO, OO and SFO groups (p < 0.05). Although the SWSO group had a much lower 18:3n‐3 level (4.51 %) in their dietary lipids than the LSO group (58.88 %), the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA: 22:6n‐3) in liver lipids and phospholipids of the SWSO group (7.52 and 11.77 %) were comparable to those of the LSO group (7.07 and 13.16 %). Ximenynic acid, a predominant acetylenic FA in sandalwood seed oil, was found to be highly incorporated into adipose tissue (13.73 %), but relatively lower in liver (0.51 %) in the SWSO group. The levels of prostaglandin F2α, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene B4, tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β in both liver and plasma were positively correlated with the n‐6:n‐3 ratios, suggesting that increased n‐6 PUFA appear to increase the formation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, whereas n‐3 PUFA exhibit anti‐inflammatory activity. The present results suggest that sandalwood seed oil could increase tissue levels of n‐3 PUFA, DHA and reduce the n‐6:n‐3 ratio, and may increase the anti‐inflammatory activity in rats.
Are You Really Happy? Children’s Understanding of Real vs. Pretend Emotions
Authors: Sidera Francesc , Amadó Anna , Serrat Elisabet 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis paper studies children’s capacity to understand that the emotions displayed in pretend play contexts do not necessarily correspond to internal emotions, and that pretend emotions may create false beliefs in an observer. A new approach is taken by asking children about pretend emotions in terms of pretence-reality instead of appearance-reality. A total of 37 four-year-olds and 33 six-year-olds were asked to participate in tasks where they had to pretend an emotion or where they were told stories in which the protagonists pretended an emotion. In each task children were asked: a) if the pretend emotion was real or just pretended and b) if an observer would think that the emotional expression was real or just pretended. Results showed that four-year-olds are capable of understanding that pretend emotions are not necessarily real. Overall, six-year-olds performed better than younger children. Furthermore, both age groups showed difficulty in understanding that pretend emotions might unintentionally mislead an observer. Results are discussed in relation to previous research on children’s ability to understand pretend play and the emotional appearance-reality distinction.
Scrum adoption and architectural extensions in developing new service applications of large financial IT systems
Authors: Ihme Tuomas 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The use of modern agile software development methods in large organisations requires tailoring agile development to the organisations’ needs. This study concentrated on studying integrating software product line and agile application development in the context of large and complex financial IT systems. The study was conducted by interviewing a wide representation from the case organisation’s personnel developing in-house software for the company’s own use. The results indicate that the guidelines of the Scrum method for agile project management are valid also for the studied company type. However, each project in the studied company should acknowledge the constraints set by other projects and the complex technical infrastructure, data security issues and system portfolio in the organisation’s product line platform. In order to promote re-use and avoid risks, means and mechanisms are needed to coordinate and synchronise multiple projects and their releases on business level, the project’s compatibility with its constraints on system architecture level and the direction of software architecture on project team level.
The Autonomic Nervous System Questionnaire and the Brief Patient Health Questionnaire as screening instruments for panic disorder in Finnish primary care
Authors: Tilli V. , Suominen K. , Karlsson H. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPurposeAs panic disorder often remains unrecognized in the health care system, some screening methods have been developed to enhance its recognition. The aim of this study was to test and compare the Autonomic Nervous System Questionnaire (ANS) and the Brief Patient Health Questionnaire (BPHQ) in primary care.Subjects and methodsA total sample of 211 primary care outpatients was studied. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV was the criterion standard for the presence of panic disorder. Indices of diagnostic utility for both screening methods were calculated and compared.ResultsThe AUC (area under the ROC curve) was 0.885 for the ANS and 0.877 for the BPHQ. At the optimal cut-off level, the ANS had the sensitivity of 0.88 and specificity of 0.77; the BPHQ had the sensitivity of 0.79 and the specificity of 0.87. There was not any statistically significant difference between the screens.ConclusionsBoth screening methods can be recommended both for clinical practice and research use. In busy primary care practice, the BPHQ may be more useful, as it can be used together with the depression module of the BPHQ.