bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Use of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Low-Risk Toddlers
Authors: Chlebowski Colby , Robins Diana L. , Barton Marianne L. , Fein Deborah 
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of the study was to examine use of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) as an autism-specific screening instrument in a large, geographically diverse pediatrics-based sample.

METHODS:
The M-CHAT and the M-CHAT Follow-Up (M-CHAT/F) were used to screen 18 989 toddlers at pediatric well-child visits in 2 US geographic regions. Pediatricians directly referred children to ascertain potential missed screening cases. Screen-positive children received the M-CHAT/F; children who continued to screen positive after the M-CHAT/F received a diagnostic evaluation.

RESULTS:
Results indicated that 54% of children who screened positive on the M-CHAT and M-CHAT/F presented with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and 98% presented with clinically significant developmental concerns warranting intervention. An M-CHAT total score cutoff of ≥3 identifies nearly all screen-positive cases, and for ease of scoring the use of only the M-CHAT total score cutoff is recommended. An M-CHAT total score of 7 serves as an appropriate clinical cutoff, and providers can bypass the M-CHAT/F and refer immediately to evaluation and intervention if a child obtains a score of ≥7.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides empirical support for the utility of population screening for ASD with the use of the M-CHAT in a primary care setting. Results suggest that the M-CHAT continues to be an effective screening instrument for ASD when the 2-step screening process is used. The M-CHAT is widely used at pediatric offices, and this study provides updated results to facilitate use and scoring of the M-CHAT by clinical providers.
Neuropsychological Effects of Konzo: A Neuromotor Disease Associated With Poorly Processed Cassava
Authors: Boivin Michael J. , Okitundu Daniel , Makila-Mabe Bumoko Guy , Sombo Marie-Therese , Mumba Dieudonne , Tylleskar Thorkild , Page Connie F. , Tamfum Muyembe Jean-Jacques , Tshala-Katumbay Desire 
Published: March 2013

BACKGROUND:
Konzo is an irreversible upper-motor neuron disorder affecting children dependent on bitter cassava for food. Although the neuroepidemiology of konzo is well characterized, we report the first neuropsychological findings.

METHOD:
Children with konzo in the Democratic Republic of Congo (mean age 8.7 years) were compared with children without konzo (mean age 9.1 years) on the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (KABC-II), and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2). Both groups were also compared with normative KABC measures from earlier studies in a nearby nonkonzo region.

RESULTS:
Using a Kruskal-Wallis test, children with konzo did worse on the KABC-II simultaneous processing (visual-spatial analysis) (K [1] = 8.78, P = .003) and mental processing index (MPI) (K [1] = 4.56, P = .03) than children without konzo. Both konzo and nonkonzo groups had poorer KABC sequential processing (memory) and MPI relative to the normative group from a nonkonzo region (K [2] = 75.55, P &lt; .001). Children with konzo were lower on BOT-2 total (K [1] = 83.26, P &lt; .001). KABC-II MPI and BOT-2 total were predictive of konzo status in a binary logistic regression model: odds ratio = 1.41, P &lt; .013; 95% confidence interval 1.13–1.69.

CONCLUSIONS:
Motor proficiency is dramatically affected, and both children with and without konzo have impaired neurocognition compared with control children from a nonoutbreak area. This may evidence a subclinical neurocognitive form of the disease, extending the human burden of konzo with dramatic public health implications.
Prenatal Maternal Bereavement and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring: A Registry-Based Study
Authors: Zhu Jin Liang , Olsen Jørn , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Li Jiong , Nohr Ellen A. , Obel Carsten , Vestergaard Mogens , Olsen Morten Smærup 
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES:
It has been suggested that maternal emotional stress during cardiogenesis may be a risk factor for congenital heart defects (CHD). We examined this association using bereavement around the time of conception as an indicator of maternal exposure to stress in a large registry-based study.

METHODS:
We identified 1 770 878 singletons born in Denmark from January 1, 1978, to December 31, 2008. Of these, 44 820 children were born to mothers who had lost a first-degree relative during the time period from 1 year before their last menstrual period until delivery (6080 mothers lost a child or partner, and 38 740 mothers lost a parent or sibling). CHD diagnoses were identified from the Danish Registry of Congenital Heart Disease. We used logistic regression models to calculate prevalence odds ratios (ORs) of CHD for exposed children compared with unexposed children.

RESULTS:
Exposed children had a slightly higher prevalence of CHD than unexposed children (0.94% vs 0.82%; adjusted OR = 1.11, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.22). The association was most marked for children of mothers who had lost a child or partner (1.15% vs 0.82%; adjusted OR = 1.32, 1.04–1.67).

CONCLUSIONS:
Prenatal exposure to severe emotional stress may slightly increase the prevalence of CHD in offspring.
Trends in the Management of Viral Meningitis at United States Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Nigrovic Lise E. , Fine Andrew M. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Shah Samir S. , Neuman Mark I. 
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE:To determine trends in the diagnosis and management of children with viral meningitis at US children’s hospitals.METHODS:We performed a multicenter cross sectional study of children presenting to the emergency department (ED) across the 41 pediatric tertiary-care hospitals participating in the Pediatric Health Information System between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2011. A case of viral meningitis was defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, discharge diagnosis, and required performance of a lumbar puncture. We examined trends in diagnosis, antibiotic use, and resource utilization for children with viral meningitis over the study period.RESULTS:We identified 7618 children with viral meningitis (0.05% of ED visits during the study period). Fifty-two percent of patients were &lt;1 year of age, and 43% were female. The absolute number and the proportion of ED visits for children with viral meningitis declined from 0.98 cases per 1000 ED visits in 2005 to 0.25 cases in 2011 (P &lt; .001). Most children with viral meningitis received a parenteral antibiotic (85%), and were hospitalized (91%). Overall costs for children for children with viral meningitis remain substantial (median cost per case $5056, interquartile range $3572–$7141).CONCLUSIONS:Between 2005 and 2011, viral meningitis diagnoses at US children’s hospitals declined. However, most of these children are hospitalized, and the cost for caring for these children remains considerable.
Electronic Prescribing in Pediatrics: Toward Safer and More Effective Medication Management
Authors:   COUNCIL ON CLINICAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, 2011–2012, Lehmann Christoph U. , Johnson Kevin B. , Del Beccaro Mark A. , Alexander Gregg , Drummond Willa H. , Francis Anne B. , Handler Eric G. , Johnson Timothy D. , Kim George R. , Leu Michael , Tham Eric , Weinberg Stuart T. , Zuckerman Alan E. 
Published: March 2013

This Policy Statement was retired.
This policy statement identifies the potential value of electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) systems in improving quality and reducing harm in pediatric health care. On the basis of limited but positive pediatric data and on the basis of federal statutes that provide incentives for the use of e-prescribing systems, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the adoption of e-prescribing systems with pediatric functionality. The American Academy of Pediatrics also recommends a set of functions that technology vendors should provide when e-prescribing systems are used in environments in which children receive care.
Faith and Traditional Capitals
Authors: Baker Chris , Miles-Watson Jonathan 
Published: March 2013

This discursive literature review was originally produced for the Leverhulme Trust in 2007 by the William Temple Foundation as a part of a research project to test the concept of religious capital (along with associated ideas of spiritual, faithful and religious social capital) with new empirical research. The research project aims also to explore emerging alternative paradigms to “capital” as a way of describing and evaluating the role and contribution of faiths to civil society. To that end, the article traces the historical development of the concept of social capital and its use by three influential thinkers in the field, namely Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman and Robert Putnam. It then proceeds to map emerging
developments in the construction of definitions of religious and spiritual capital (and including ideas of religious social and faithful capital). It concludes with an extended discussion concerning some of the public policy implications of this research field, including the emerging concept of secular spiritual capital and its contribution to discerning common core values within the public domain.
Cultural Uniqueness and Implicit Religion
Authors: Dutton Edward 
Published: March 2013

This article will argue that “uniqueness” can be understood as a form of Implicit Religion. This will be demonstrated through an analysis of the word and the use of fieldwork in two cultures in which “uniqueness” is a strong component of the nationalist discourse. In doing so, it will respond to serious and superficially persuasive criticisms of the idea that uniqueness relates to religion and, implicitly, to Implicit Religion as a concept. It will highlight the logically unsustainable philosophical presuppositions underlying Implicit Religion, and the false rationalist and
unsustainable philosophical presuppositions underlying the critique. It will conclude that the critique itself would be fruitful pasture for Implicit Religion analysis.
On Creation Myths
Authors: Badertscher John 
Published: March 2013

Some of the methodological assumptions operative in this essay are: all faiths express themselves through a variety of forms; one can never
observe a faith directly, but only through its expressions; a religion is a shared faith, expressing itself through particular manifestations that have sufficiently shared meanings; one of the forms through which any religion manifests itself is myth. By “myth” is meant a narrative told for the purpose of inculcating a particular sense of the meaning and purpose of life.
Boots, Indecency, and Secular Sacred Spaces
Authors: Wilson Andrew 
Published: March 2013

In this paper I shall draw on the distinction between “decent” and “indecent”, a pair of concepts highlighted in religious studies by Althaus-Reid (2000), and also on the role of ritual in delimiting the sacred in a secular context (Smith 1987, Knott 2005, 2007, Knott and Franks 2007), in order to show how the former can be seen to underlie a small part of the (female) flight attendant dress codes of commercial passenger airlines. It will be my argument that a widely adopted move away from allowing flight attendants to wear knee-high boots, especially inside the aircraft, stems from a growing cultural evaluation of these boots as “indecent,” and a simultaneous conceptualization of the aircraft’s interior as a secular sacred space. Using this case study, I hope to illustrate that at least one aspect of the contemporary culture of air travel can be usefully explored in terms of implicit religion (Bailey 1998), and a spatial approach to the sacred. I shall also suggest that the airline example has clear parallels in some other secular contexts.
In section 1, I shall outline the relevant aspects of the theory of implicit religion and show how they relate to the notions of “decency” and “indecency.” I shall then, in section 2, sketch out a brief history of knee-high boots within airline dress codes, before moving on to argue, in section 3, that they have become progressively entangled in a largely unconscious associative relationship with “indecency.” In section 4, I shall draw attention to the requirement of many airlines that their flight attendants should remove their knee-high boots once they have boarded the aircraft, and I shall argue that this, in conjunction with other boundary markers and rituals, underlines the implicit sacrality of the aircraft cabin. Finally, in section 5, I shall anticipate and respond to some possible objections to this analysis.
Believing Beyond Religion
Authors: Hey John 
Published: March 2013

Theologians have traditionally sought to correlate the transcendent and the secular. I identify three models; the Revelation, the Immanentist and the Ethical. All three I judge to be lacking in some important aspects: the Revelation and
Immanentist models because they presuppose a metaphysical transcendence without justification; the Ethical because its exponents either do not explain the significance of human valuing, or because they seek to move back to a more traditional metaphysical concept. The secular transcendence which I am arguing for allows a primacy to believing in the creation of meaning. Such meaning cannot be derived directly from a random and contingent world. We create meaning on the basis of our own self-awareness, the cultural contexts in which we are nurtured, and the natural world. We create an existential reality which we inhabit “as if” it were real, believing it to be so. Such a believing, while wholly secular, recognizes religion as an important tool in the creation of meaning, provided that its epistemological limitations are acknowledged.
When Oyono's “Boy” Speaks Dutch: Two Readings in One Language
Authors: Dewulf Jeroen 
Published: March 2013

De Huisjongen, The dutch translation of ferdinand oyono's une vie de boy, was published in 1980 by kosmos and released in two cities: Amsterdam, where the publisher had its headquarters, and Antwerp, the site of its Belgian branch. For Flemish (Dutch-speaking Belgian) readers, the Catholic and French colonial environment described in the novel represented a world that in many ways felt familiar. In the once deeply Catholic Flanders, where French used to be the language spoken by the elite and where the memories of the former colony Belgian Congo are still vivid, people could easily identify with Oyono's main character, Toundi.In the Netherlands, however, the memories of the nation's colonial history are characterized by a predominantly Protestant world-view that primarily evokes images from Southeast Asia. There, in the former Dutch East Indies, it was not the masculine “boy” but the feminine babu who took care of the household. This explains the decision by the then twenty-seven-year-old Dutch translator of Oyono's novel, today's best-selling author Herman Koch, not to use boy in the title but to opt for huisjongen (lit., “house youth”). The idea of having a “boy” as housekeeper clearly sounded strange to this Dutch translator.In view of the different associations the novel must have evoked among Dutch and Flemish readers, this article presents two separate analyses of the same translation. One reflects a Dutch perspective on De huisjongen and interprets Toundi, a child diarist doomed to die at the hands of oppressors, as an African Anne Frank. The other reads the novel from a Flemish perspective and interprets Toundi as an African variant of Manneken Pis, the roguish street boy from Brussels who derides the authorities.
Successful Application of Aqueous-Based Formation Consolidation Treatment Introduced to the North Sea
Authors: Bhasker R. , Foo-Karna A. F. , Foo I. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Sand production presents a major challenge for many operators in unconsolidated formations. The production of formation sand and fines can cause erosion damage to surface and downhole equipment, resulting in major well intervention and sand disposal costs. This has a significant negative impact on hydrocarbon production and revenue in terms of decline in production and downtime for intervention.
The oil industry encounters severe costs each year attempting to control sand production by methods such as gravel packing, frack packing, and screen-only completions, which are designed to inhibit the movement of sand from the formation into the wellbore. Resin consolidation is an alternative cost-effective solution to mechanical methods. Resin consolidation increases the cohesion forces between sand grains, resulting in high-strength consolidation of the formation grains while maintaining most of the permeability of the rock. Historically, chemical treatments for sand control have been solvent-based, applicable only in relatively short intervals, and with low flash points; as a result, they can be challenging to manage in an offshore environment and difficult to register for use in the North Sea. Recent developments in aqueous-based resin (ABR) technology have resulted in resin consolidation that provides additional benefits, such as improved health, safety, and environmental (HSE) characteristics, and also allow longer heterogeneous intervals to be treated.
This paper discusses the application of an ABR treatment that was used successfully for the first time in the North Sea for Shell. Job planning, laboratory analysis, execution, and well performance are discussed. Subsequent sand monitoring has shown that the sand production in this well decreased by more than 80%, with no impairment to oil production.
Hydrate Remediation during Well Testing Operations in the Deepwater Campos Basin, Brazil
Authors: Vitor de Assis Joao , Mohallem Raphael , Trummer Sascha , Franco Ernesto 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
One of the most common challenges in deepwater environments is hydrate formation during drilling or well testing operations. A hydrate is generated in the presence of a combination of the following four elements: water, natural gas, low temperatures and elevated pressures. The hydrate has the appearance of ice structures and can form very quickly. Hydrates are normally generated during operations such as startup, shutdown, blowdown, and bleeding.
In the deepwater oilfields of Brazil, operators have been faced several challenges during hydrate remediation interventions, including:Effectively removing the hydrate plug formed in the riser without damaging the tubing, downhole valves, and subsea tools across the blowout preventerReducing risk of hydrate formation due to unpredictable behavior because the hydrates can be very hard and very strong, holding high-differential pressures, potentially making a projectile of the formerly plugged objectLimiting pressure losses through the umbilical and maintaining injection rates of methanol and monoethylene glycol (MEG)Resuming well testing operations with the least amount of lost rig time.
From a drillship, we applied a combination of chemicals pumped through a high-pressure rotating nozzle deployed with coiled tubing (CT). The hydrate plug was breached in less than 4 hr. This cleaning operation effectively removed the hydrate plug and cleaned the tubing, enabling the Operator to resume pressure/volume/temperature testing operations of the deepwater well.
Qualification of Specialized Cement to Inflate Bridge Plug for Water Shutoff Application in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Taoutaou Salim 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
In mature oil and gas fields, excess water production often threatens the economic viability of a well. Excess water production can cause an increase in production cost and a decrease in productivity. Moreover, in an offshore environment, this water creates a burden in terms of the treatment facilities and the increased disposal cost.
There are different techniques and fluids that are used today for water shutoff. One of the techniques is wireline dump bailers used with cement, but this technique cannot be used in horizontal wells because of wireline limitations. To counter that, the industry witnessed the development of a "reservoir carrying fluid" that can be used with coiled tubing (CT) in horizontal wells for water shutoff.
Water or glycol can be used to inflate the plug to enable the rubber elements to conform to the setting inside diameter (ID) in which it is being conveyed. However, using these fluids means that long-term isolation is compromised. To accomplish long-term isolation, the inflation of the system must be done using a specialized sealant.
An operator in the North Sea interested in the technique asked a service company to provide a cementing solution to the system. This paper describes the different stages of this qualification process including the laboratory procedures that have been developed especially for this application, explains the sealant selection criteria and the field qualification of both the CT cement-filled reservoir and the specialized expanding cement slurry, and, finally, reviews a case history.
Through-Tubing Inflatable Straddle Packer Assembly Enables Selective Treatment of Multiple Zones and Improves Productivity
Authors: Kothiyal M. D. , Parasher A. , Qutob A. H. , Cooper R. J. , Forsyth G. R. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The subject well is an onshore oil producer located in Cairn Energy India’s Rajasthan block. The well had stratified sand sections completed with 4-inch inflow control device (ICD) screens and isolated by swellable packer assemblies. The well was put into production at a rate of approximately 1,000 bopd; however, due to formation damage – notably paraffin and scale - the well could not sustain production and eventually ceased.
Our objective was to selectively stimulate 15 ICDs using coiled tubing. The well had a minimum restriction and a larger setting diameter which warranted the usage of coiled tubing deployed inflatable straddle packer system. This enabled passage through the restriction and setting in the larger outer diameter to selectively treat each zone by mechanically diverting the stimulation fluid.
The challenge was significant. Multiple zones required treatment in a single run by performing 15 multi-settings, maintaining seal integrity following each set, and returning the tool to its original outer diameter for retrieval. The well was deviated at 74 degree which challenged accessibility.
The assembly was run successfully and managed to selectively stimulate all required zones in one trip. Using this application, we confirmed that all treatment fluid was effectively sealed and treated by diverting the treatment fluid directly into the required zone, preventing more permeable sections absorbing most of the fluid, and ensuring the treatment chemicals were used in a cost effective manner. The single coiled tubing run avoided multiple runs to isolate sections using plugs. The well subsequently began to flow once lifted with nitrogen, positively indicating that the ICDs were effectively cleaned and the zones successfully treated.
This case demonstrates the innovative use of thru-tubing wellbore isolation techniques to effectively enhance production in wells with challenging configurations and operating parameters. This study further paves the way for similar interventions in wells with similar characteristics.