bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein Acetylation and Acetyl Coenzyme A Metabolism in Budding Yeast
Authors: Galdieri Luciano , Zhang Tiantian , Rogerson Daniella , Lleshi Rron , Vancura Ales 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT
Cells sense and appropriately respond to the physical conditions and availability of nutrients in their environment. This sensing of the environment and consequent cellular responses are orchestrated by a multitude of signaling pathways and typically involve changes in transcription and metabolism. Recent discoveries suggest that the signaling and transcription machineries are regulated by signals which are derived from metabolism and reflect the metabolic state of the cell. Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) is a key metabolite that links metabolism with signaling, chromatin structure, and transcription. Acetyl-CoA is produced by glycolysis as well as other catabolic pathways and used as a substrate for the citric acid cycle and as a precursor in synthesis of fatty acids and steroids and in other anabolic pathways. This central position in metabolism endows acetyl-CoA with an important regulatory role. Acetyl-CoA serves as a substrate for lysine acetyltransferases (KATs), which catalyze the transfer of acetyl groups to the epsilon-amino groups of lysines in histones and many other proteins. Fluctuations in the concentration of acetyl-CoA, reflecting the metabolic state of the cell, are translated into dynamic protein acetylations that regulate a variety of cell functions, including transcription, replication, DNA repair, cell cycle progression, and aging. This review highlights the synthesis and homeostasis of acetyl-CoA and the regulation of transcriptional and signaling machineries in yeast by acetylation.
Ppg1, a PP2A-Type Protein Phosphatase, Controls Filament Extension and Virulence in Candida albicans
Authors: Albataineh Mohammad T. , Lazzell Anna , Lopez-Ribot Jose L. , Kadosh David 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT

Candida albicans
, a major human fungal pathogen, is the primary cause of invasive candidiasis in a wide array of immunocompromised patients.
C. albicans
virulence requires the ability to undergo a reversible morphological transition from yeast to filaments in response to a variety of host environmental cues. These cues are sensed by the pathogen and activate multiple signal transduction pathways to induce filamentation. Reversible phosphorylation events are critical for regulation of many of these pathways. While a variety of protein kinases are known to function as components of
C. albicans
filamentous growth signal transduction pathways, considerably little is known about the role of phosphatases. Here we demonstrate that
PPG1
, encoding a putative type 2A-related protein phosphatase, is important for
C. albicans
filament extension, invasion, and virulence in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis.
PPG1
is also important for downregulation of
NRG1
, a key transcriptional repressor of
C. albicans
filamentous growth, and is shown to affect the expression of several filament-specific target genes. An epistasis analysis suggests that
PPG1
controls
C. albicans
filamentation via the cyclic AMP-protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA) signaling pathway. We demonstrate that Ppg1 possesses phosphatase activity and that a
ppg1
catalytic mutant shows nearly equivalent filamentation, invasion, and virulence defects compared to those of a
ppg1
Δ/Δ strain. Overall, our results suggest that phosphatases, such as Ppg1, play critical roles in controlling and fine-tuning
C. albicans
filament extension and virulence as well as signal transduction pathways, transcriptional regulators, and target genes associated with these processes.
Depression screening via a smartphone app: cross-country user characteristics and feasibility
Authors: BinDhim Nasser F , Shaman Ahmed M , Trevena Lyndal , Basyouni Mada H , Pont Lisa G , Alhawassi Tariq M 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background and objective Smartphone applications (apps) have the potential to be valuable self-help interventions for depression screening. However, information about their feasibility and effectiveness and the characteristics of app users is limited. The aim of this study is to explore the uptake, utilization, and characteristics of voluntary users of an app for depression screening.
Methods This was a cross-sectional study of a free depression screening smartphone app that contains the demographics, patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), brief anxiety test, personalized recommendation based on the participant's results, and links to depression-relevant websites. The free app was released globally via Apple's App Store. Participants aged 18 and older downloaded the study app and were recruited passively between September 2012 and January 2013.
Findings 8241 participants from 66 countries had downloaded the app, with a response rate of 73.9%. While one quarter of the participants had a previous diagnosis of depression, the prevalence of participants with a higher risk of depression was 82.5% and 66.8% at PHQ-9 cut-off 11 and cut-off 15, respectively. Many of the participants had one or more physical comorbid conditions and suicidal ideation. The cut-off 11 (OR: 1.4; 95% CI 1.2 to 1.6), previous depression diagnosis (OR: 1.3; 95% CI1.2 to 1.5), and postgraduate educational level (OR: 1.2; 95% CI 1.0 to 1.5) were associated with completing the PHQ-9 questionnaire more than once.
Conclusions Smartphone apps can be used to deliver a screening tool for depression across a large number of countries. Apps have the potential to play a significant role in disease screening, self-management, monitoring, and health education, particularly among younger adults.
Completeness, accuracy, and computability of National Quality Forum-specified eMeasures
Authors: Amster Andy , Jentzsch Joseph , Pasupuleti Ham , Subramanian K G 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Objective To analyze the completeness, computability, and accuracy of specifications for five National Quality Forum-specified (NQF) eMeasures spanning ambulatory, post-discharge, and emergency care within a comprehensive, integrated electronic health record (EHR) environment.
Materials and methods To evaluate completeness, we assessed eMeasure logic, data elements, and value sets. To evaluate computability, we assessed the translation of eMeasure algorithms to programmable logic constructs and the availability of EHR data elements to implement specified data criteria, using a de-identified clinical data set from Kaiser Permanente Northwest. To assess accuracy, we compared eMeasure results with those obtained independently by existing audited chart abstraction methods used for external and internal reporting.
Results One measure specification was incomplete; missing applicable LOINC codes rendered it non-computable. For three of four computable measures, data availability issues occurred; the literal specification guidance for a data element differed from the physical implementation of the data element in the EHR. In two cases, cross-referencing specified data elements to EHR equivalents allowed variably accurate measure computation. Substantial data availability issues occurred for one of the four computable measures, producing highly inaccurate results.
Discussion Existing clinical workflows, documentation, and coding in the EHR were significant barriers to implementing eMeasures as specified. Implementation requires redesigning business or clinical practices and, for one measure, systemic EHR modifications, including clinical text search capabilities.
Conclusions Five NQF eMeasures fell short of being machine-consumable specifications. Both clinical domain and technological expertise are required to implement manually intensive steps from data mapping to text mining to EHR-specific eMeasure implementation.
Organizational strategies for promoting patient and provider uptake of personal health records
Authors: Wells Susan , Rozenblum Ronen , Park Andrea , Dunn Marie , Bates David W 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Objective To investigate organizational strategies to promote personal health records (PHRs) adoption with a focus on patients with chronic disease.
Methods Using semi-structured interviews and a web-based survey, we sampled US health delivery organizations which had implemented PHRs for at least 12 months, were recognized as PHR innovators, and had scored highly in national patient satisfaction surveys. Respondents had lead positions for clinical information systems or high-risk population management. Using grounded theory approach, thematic categories were derived from interviews and coupled with data from the survey.
Results Interviews were conducted with 30 informants from 16 identified organizations. Organizational strategies were directed towards raising patient awareness via multimedia communications, and provider acceptance and uptake. Strategies for providers were grouped into six main themes: organizational vision, governance and policies, work process redesign, staff training, information technology (IT) support, and monitoring and incentives. Successful organizations actively communicated their vision, engaged leaders at all levels, had clear governance, planning, and protocols, set targets, and celebrated achievement. The most effective strategy for patient uptake was through health professional encouragement. No specific outreach efforts targeted patients with chronic disease. Registration and PHR activity was routinely measured but without reference to a denominator population or high risk subpopulations.
Discussion and conclusion Successful PHR implementation represents a social change and operational project catalyzed by a technical solution. The key to clinician acceptance is making their work easier. However, organizations will likely not achieve the value they want from PHRs unless they target specific populations and monitor their uptake.
Real-life evaluation of European and American high-risk strategies for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with first myocardial infarction
Authors: Mortensen Martin B , Falk Erling 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveTo determine the detection rate (sensitivity) of the high-risk strategy recommended in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE/UK) and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. In particular, to evaluate the ability to ensure statin therapy to contemporary Europeans destined for a first myocardial infarction (MI).Design393 consecutive statin-naïve, CVD-free patients without diabetes hospitalised for a first MI, 247 of whom were 40–75 years of age. We assumed they had undergone a health check the day before their MI and estimated the predicted risk.Primary outcomeSensitivity of the risk-based eligibility for primary prevention with statins recommended by the guidelines.ResultsAll recommended risk scores rank-ordered patients similarly, but the sensitivity of the cut point above which statin therapy should be considered differed substantially. In younger patients (age 40–60), 62% of men and 13% of women qualified for statin therapy by ACC/AHA criteria, compared with only 2% of men and no women using the ESC criteria recommended for most non-Eastern European countries. In those 60–75 years of age, the ACC/AHA guidelines captured all men and 85% of women, compared with 12% and 2%, respectively, using the new ESC guideline. This guideline restricted the eligibility for primary prevention with statins substantially by reclassifying many European countries from ‘high-risk’ to ‘low-risk’, whereas the eligibility was expanded in the ACC/AHA and the new NICE/UK guidelines by lowering the decision threshold.ConclusionsThe 2012 ESC guidelines differ substantially from the 2013 ACC/AHA and 2014 NICE/UK guidelines in ability to secure statin therapy to those destined for a first MI. A great opportunity for primary prevention with statins remains unexploited in Europe.
Health impact assessment of air pollution in Valladolid, Spain
Authors: Cárdaba Arranz Mario , Muñoz Moreno María Fe , Armentia Medina Alicia , Alonso Capitán Margarita , Carreras Vaquer Fernando , Almaraz Gómez Ana 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveTo estimate the attributable and targeted avoidable deaths (ADs; TADs) of outdoor air pollution by ambient particulate matter (PM10), PM2.5and O3according to specific WHO methodology.DesignHealth impact assessment.SettingCity of Valladolid, Spain (around 300 000 residents).Data sourcesDemographics; mortality; pollutant concentrations collected 1999–2008.Main outcome measuresAttributable fractions; ADs and TADs per year for 1999–2008.ResultsHigher TADs estimates (shown here) were obtained when assuming as ‘target’ concentrations WHO Air Quality Guidelines instead of Directive 2008/50/EC. ADs are considered relative to pollutant background levels. All-cause mortality associated to PM10(all ages): 52 ADs (95% CI 39 to 64); 31 TADs (95% CI 24 to 39).All-cause mortality associated to PM10(<5 years): 0 ADs (95% CI 0 to 1); 0 TADs (95% CI 0 to 1). All-cause mortality associated to PM2.5(>30 years): 326 ADs (95% CI 217 to 422); 231 TADs (95% CI 153 to 301). Cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality associated to PM2.5(>30 years):▸ Cardiopulmonary: 186 ADs (95% CI 74 to 280); 94 TADs (95% CI 36 to 148).▸ Lung cancer : 51 ADs (95% CI 21 to 73); 27 TADs (95% CI 10 to 41).All-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality associated to O3(all ages):▸ All-cause: 52ADs (95% CI 25 to 77) ; 31 TADs (95% CI 15 to 45).▸ Respiratory: 5ADs (95% CI −2 to 13) ; 3 TADs (95% CI −1 to 8).▸ Cardiovascular: 30 ADs (95% CI 8 to 51) ; 17 TADs (95% CI 5 to 30).Negative estimates which should be read as zero were obtained when pollutant concentrations were below counterfactuals or assumed risk coefficients were below one.ConclusionsOur estimates suggest a not negligible negative impact on mortality of outdoor air pollution. The implementation of WHO methodology provides critical information to distinguish an improvement range in air pollution control.
Analysis of 1,115 Patients Tested for MET Amplification and Therapy Response in the MD Anderson Phase I Clinic
Authors: Jardim Denis L.F. , Tang Chad , Gagliato Debora De Melo , Falchook Gerald S. , Hess Kenneth , Janku Filip , Fu Siqing , Wheler Jennifer J. , Zinner Ralph G. , Naing Aung , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Holla Vijaykumar , Li Marylin M. , Roy-Chowdhuri Sinchita , Luthra Raja , Salgia Ravi , Kurzrock Razelle , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Hong David S. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to assess MET amplification among different cancers, association with clinical factors and genetic aberrations and targeted therapy response modifications.
Experimental Design: From May 2010 to November 2012, samples from patients with advanced tumors referred to the MD Anderson Phase I Clinic were analyzed for MET gene amplification by FISH. Patient demographic, histologic characteristics, molecular characteristics, and outcomes in phase I protocols were compared per MET amplification status.
Results: Of 1,115 patients, 29 (2.6%) had MET amplification. The highest prevalence was in adrenal (2 of 13; 15%) and renal (4 of 28; 14%) tumors, followed by gastroesophageal (6%), breast (5%), and ovarian cancers (4%). MET amplification was associated with adenocarcinomas (P = 0.007), high-grade tumors (P = 0.003), more sites of metastasis, higher BRAF mutation, and PTEN loss (all P &lt; 0.05). Median overall survival was 7.23 and 8.62 months for patients with and without a MET amplification, respectively (HR = 1.12; 95% confidence intervals, 0.83–1.85; P = 0.29). Among the 20 patients with MET amplification treated on a phase I protocol, 4 (20%) achieved a partial response with greatest response rate on agents targeting angiogenesis (3 of 6, 50%). No patient treated with a c-MET inhibitor (0 of 7) achieved an objective response.
Conclusion: MET amplification was detected in 2.6% of patients with solid tumors and was associated with adenocarcinomas, high-grade histology, and higher metastatic burden. Concomitant alterations in additional pathways (BRAF mutation and PTEN loss) and variable responses on targeted therapies, including c-MET inhibitors, suggest that further studies are needed to target this population. Clin Cancer Res; 20(24); 6336–45. ©2014 AACR.
Applications of ImmunoPET: Using 124I-Anti-PSCA A11 Minibody for Imaging Disease Progression and Response to Therapy in Mouse Xenograft Models of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Knowles Scott M. , Tavaré Richard , Zettlitz Kirstin A. , Rochefort Matthew M. , Salazar Felix B. , Jiang Ziyue Karen , Reiter Robert E. , Wu Anna M. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Purpose: Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is highly expressed in local prostate cancers and prostate cancer bone metastases and its expression correlates with androgen receptor activation and a poor prognosis. In this study, we investigate the potential clinical applications of immunoPET with the anti-PSCA A11 minibody, an antibody fragment optimized for use as an imaging agent. We compare A11 minibody immunoPET to 18F-Fluoride PET bone scans for detecting prostate cancer bone tumors and evaluate the ability of the A11 minibody to image tumor response to androgen deprivation.
Experimental Design: Osteoblastic, PSCA-expressing, LAPC-9 intratibial xenografts were imaged with serial 124I-anti-PSCA A11 minibody immunoPET and 18F-Fluoride bone scans. Mice bearing LAPC-9 subcutaneous xenografts were treated with either vehicle or MDV-3100 and imaged with A11 minibody immunoPET/CT scans pre- and posttreatment. Ex vivo flow cytometry measured the change in PSCA expression in response to androgen deprivation.
Results: A11 minibody demonstrated improved sensitivity and specificity over 18F-Fluoride bone scans for detecting LAPC-9 intratibial xenografts at all time points. LAPC-9 subcutaneous xenografts showed downregulation of PSCA when treated with MDV-3100 which A11 minibody immunoPET was able to detect in vivo.
Conclusions: A11 minibody immunoPET has the potential to improve the sensitivity and specificity of clinical prostate cancer metastasis detection over bone scans, which are the current clinical standard-of-care. A11 minibody immunoPET additionally has the potential to image the activity of the androgen signaling axis in vivo which may help evaluate the clinical response to androgen deprivation and the development of castration resistance. Clin Cancer Res; 20(24); 6367–78. ©2014 AACR.
An occupation-based video feedback intervention for improving self-awareness: Protocol and rationale
Authors: Schmidt Julia , Fleming Jennifer , Ownsworth Tamara , Lannin Natasha A. 
Published: October 2014

Background. Impaired self-awareness can limit rehabilitation outcomes for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Video feedback on occupational performance has been found to improve self-awareness after TBI when delivered according to specific principles. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to describe an occupation-based video feedback intervention found to be effective in a randomized controlled trial to assist with translation into clinical practice. Key Issues. The intervention uses therapist-mediated video feedback on clients’ occupational performance, aiming to facilitate self-reflection on performance and improve self-awareness. This paper describes the theoretical background, intervention principles, and protocol of the intervention. Implications. Therapists can use video feedback intervention, incorporating the principles in this article, to improve people’s intellectual awareness and ability to recognize and correct errors during task performance after TBI without a negative impact on emotional status.
Grassroots Labor Organizations in Metropolitan Buenos Aires, 2003–2007
Authors: Scolnik Fernando 
Published: October 2014

During the 1990s, the Argentine working class was hard-hit by the neoliberal offensive, which reversed many of the gains previously won. The decade saw a serious degradation of living conditions and an increase in inequality as a consequence of unemployment and precarious work. After the economic crisis of 2001, labor unions were strengthened by a decline in unemployment and the reactivation of collective bargaining. At the same time, the crisis generated a questioning of the traditional union leadership and the emergence of grassroots organizations (internal committees and bodies of delegates) that introduced democratic decision making to the workplace in accordance with developments at the time in the community assemblies, movements of unemployed workers, and recovered factories. During Néstor Kirchner’s presidency, these organizations led union struggles that had a strong political and social impact and even achieved coordination among themselves outside of the organic labor union groups. Durante la década de 1990, la clase obrera argentina fue muy impactada por la ofensiva neoliberal que revocó muchas de las ganancias previamente obtenidas. La década fue testigo de una degradación grave de las condiciones de vida y un aumento en la desigualdad como consecuencia del desempleo y el trabajo precario. Tras la crisis económica de 2001, los sindicatos fueron reforzados por una disminución del desempleo y la reactivación de la negociación colectiva. Al mismo tiempo, la crisis generó un cuestionamiento de la dirigencia sindical tradicional y el surgimiento de organizaciones de base (comités y cuerpos de delegados) que introdujo la toma de decisiones democrática a los lugares de trabajo en función de los acontecimientos de ese entonces en las asambleas comunitarias, movimientos de trabajadores desempleados, y las fábricas recuperadas. Durante la presidencia de Néstor Kirchner, estas organizaciones condujeron luchas sindicales que tuvieron un fuerte impacto político y social, e incluso lograron coordinación entre sí fuera de los grupos sindicales orgánicos.
Clinical characteristics and course of plantar vein thrombosis: a series of 22 cases
Authors: Czihal M , Röling J , Rademacher A , Schröttle A , Kuhlencordt P , Hoffmann U 
Published: October 2014

Objectives To evaluate the clinical presentation and disease course of symptomatic plantar vein thrombosis. Patients and methods Patients with a first diagnosis of symptomatic plantar vein thrombosis at our institution were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained database. All patients underwent complete venous compression sonography extended to the plantar veins because of local symptoms at the sole of the foot. Clinical characteristics were obtained from the medical records. Results Between 2005 and 2013, 22 patients were diagnosed with a first episode of plantar vein thrombosis (64% women, mean age at diagnosis 58.2 years, range 32–79 years). All patients reported moderate to heavy pain of the sole of the foot. The lateral plantar veins (96%) were more frequently affected than the medial plantar veins (41%) and extension into the deep calf veins was common (27%). Half of the episodes were idiopathic, with subsequent diagnosis of occult malignancy in two of these patients. In seven patients (32%), plantar vein thrombosis occurred in association to physical strain to the foot. All patients were treated with anticoagulation. Symptomatic pulmonary embolism was not observed and during a mean follow up of 21 months, the post-thrombotic syndrome did not occur. However, recurrences were common (27%) and frequently again affected the plantar veins. Conclusion Plantar vein thrombosis should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of acute foot pain.