bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steroid Injections in the Upper Extremity: Experienced Clinical Opinion Versus Evidence-based Practices
Authors: Kegel Gary , Marshall Astrid , Barron O. Alton , Catalano Louis W. , Glickel Steven Z. , Kuhn Margaret 
Published: August 2014

A survey regarding upper-extremity steroid injection practices was distributed to all active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) using SurveyMonkey. Response rates for the ASSH and ASES were 26% and 24%, respectively.
The potency-adjusted dose of steroid injected for common hand and wrist injections ranged from 0.375 to 133.33 mg and for shoulder injections ranged from 0.375 to 250 mg. These ranges span 356-fold and 667-fold differences, respectively. Potency-adjusted doses differed significantly between steroid types for all injections evaluated in this study. American Society for Surgery of the Hand members gave significantly smaller doses of steroid for the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints than ASES members. Only 9% of respondents based injection practice on a scientific reference. Sixteen percent of ASSH and 31% of ASES respondents reported no specific rationale for their steroid injection practice; 78% of ASSH and 52% of ASES respondents attributed their rationale to some kind of instruction from their mentors or colleagues.
Upper-extremity surgeons demonstrate substantial variability in their practice of steroid injections, with up to a 667-fold range in steroid dose. Experienced clinical opinion is the principal rationale for these injection practices; little rationale is based on formal scientific evidence.
Patient Perception of Physician Reimbursement for Common Hand Surgical Procedures
Authors: Fowler John R. , Buterbaugh Glenn A. 
Published: August 2014

Health care–related costs have been the focus of intense scrutiny in politics and in the media. However, public perception of physician reimbursement is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine patient perception of physician reimbursement for 2 common hand surgery procedures: carpal tunnel release and open reduction and internal fixation of a distal radius fracture.
Anonymous surveys were completed by 132 patients in an outpatient hand and upper-extremity practice. The surveys asked patients to estimate reasonable surgeon fees and actual Medicare reimbursement for 2 common hand surgery procedures (carpal tunnel release and internal fixation of a distal radius fracture) and 2 common surgical procedures (coronary artery bypass and appendectomy). On average, patients estimated that a reasonable surgeon fee for carpal tunnel release and 90 days of postoperative care was $2629 and that actual Medicare reimbursement was $1891. Patients estimated that a reasonable surgeon fee for internal fixation of an extra-articular distal radius fracture and 90 days of postoperative care was $3874 and that actual Medicare reimbursement was $2671. Higher level of education, annual household income, and insurance status had no statistically significant effect on patient estimates of reimbursement.
Patients in an outpatient hand and upper extremity practice believe that surgeons are reimbursed at a rate 3.6 to 4.7 times greater than actual reimbursement. These misperceptions highlight the lack of understanding and transparency in health care costs and may interfere with the ability of patients to make well-informed decisions about health care.
Outcome and Range of Motion Using a High-flexion Cruciate-retaining TKA
Authors: Rosen Adam S. , Neville Lorraine , Pulido Pamela A. , Patil Shantanu , Walker Richard H. , Copp Steven N. 
Published: August 2014

Increased knee flexion after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may contribute to patients’ increased satisfaction and more active lifestyles. This study evaluated a TKA component designed for high flexion (more than 125°). The design features an anatomic sagittal femoral radius with short, flared femoral condyles to allow for femoral rollback. Fifty TKA procedures in 47 patients were evaluated prospectively regarding clinical outcomes using Knee Society knee and function scores, Short Form 12 physical component scores, and flexion measured clinically and by digital lateral supine active flexion radiographs. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative radiographs were analyzed by an independent observer.
Mean maximum flexion measured clinically was 115° preoperatively and 120° one year postoperatively, with 76% of TKAs achieving more than 120° and 44% achieving more than 125°. Sex, body mass index, and preoperative flexion were not predictors of postoperative flexion. Mean flexion by radiograph was 108° preoperatively and 111° one year postoperatively, with 31% of knees achieving more than 120° and 14% more than 125°. Mean Knee Society knee and function scores and the Short Form 12 physical component scores were 52, 55, and 32 preoperatively, respectively, and 89, 77, and 40 one year postoperatively, respectively. Of the 50 knees, 84% had improvement in their Knee Society function scores, and 76% had improvement in their Short Form 12 physical component scores. The study revealed evidence of increased early postoperative flexion with the use of a cruciate-retaining high-flexion TKA design.
Use of Fine-threaded K-wires in the Treatment of Coronoid Fractures in Complex Elbow Instability
Authors: Giannicola Giuseppe , Polimanti David , Gumina Stefano , Cinotti Gianluca 
Published: August 2014

The coronoid process is one of the main elbow constraints that provides ulnohumeral joint stability. Coronoid fractures may be fixed using multiple techniques, including transosseous sutures, screws, and plates. The goal of this study was to analyze the clinical and radiographic outcomes in a series of patients with complex elbow instability in whom coronoid fractures were repaired using fine-threaded K-wires.
Eight men and 10 women (mean age, 47 years) were followed prospectively for a mean of 26 months. Surgical treatment consisted of open reduction and internal fixation of all fractures; radial head replacement in Mason III injuries; lateral collateral ligament repair in all patients; and, in cases of persistent instability, medial collateral ligament repair, hinged fixator application, or both. Coronoid fixation was performed using 2 or more fine-threaded K-wires, depending on the fragment size, inserted from the posterior aspect of the ulna and directed toward the coronoid fragment using a 1-step fixation technique. At last follow-up, mean extension was 15°, mean flexion was 133°, mean pronation was 78°, and mean supination was 69°; mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 9.7, mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was 85, and mean Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 89. According to the Mayo Elbow Performance Index, 10 excellent, 7 good, and 1 fair result were recorded. All but 1 patient had a stable elbow. Fracture healing was observed in all but 1 patient. No secondary coronoid fragment dislocation or implant failures were reported.
This study shows that using fine-threaded K-wires provides easy, minimally invasive, stable, and successful 1-step fixation that can be used to obtain osteosynthesis of coronoid fractures in patients with complex elbow instability.
Changes in Surgical Procedures for Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Over the Past 30 Years
Authors: Takase Katsumi , Yamamoto Kengo 
Published: August 2014

Generally, surgical treatment is recommended for Rockwood type 5 traumatic acromioclavicular joint dislocations. Since 1980, the authors have performed the modified Dewar procedure, the modified Cadenat procedure, and anatomical reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments for this injury. The goal of this study was to determine the ideal surgical procedure for acromioclavicular joint dislocations by comparing these 3 procedures.
The modified Dewar procedure was performed on 55 patients (Dewar group), the modified Cadenat procedure was performed on 73 patients (Cadenat group), and anatomical reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments was performed on 11 patients (reconstruction group). According to the UCLA scoring system, therapeutic results averaged 27.3 points in the Dewar group, 28.2 in the Cadenat group, and 28.4 in the reconstruction group. The incidence of residual subluxation or dislocation in the acromioclavicular joint was evaluated at final radiographic follow-up. Subluxation occurred in 21 patients in the Dewar group, 18 in the Cadenat group, and 3 in the reconstruction group. Dislocation occurred in 3 patients in the Dewar group. Osteoarthritic changes in the acromioclavicular joint occurred in 20 patients in the Dewar group, 9 in the Cadenat group, and 1 in the reconstruction group.
The modified Cadenat procedure can provide satisfactory therapeutic results and avoid postoperative failure or loss of reduction compared with the modified Dewar procedure. However, the modified Cadenat procedure does not anatomically restore the coracoclavicular ligaments. Anatomic restoration of both coracoclavicular ligaments can best restore acromioclavicular joint function.
Endo-Modell Rotating-hinge Total Knee for Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Bistolfi Alessandro , Rosso Federica , Crova Maurizio , Massazza Giuseppe 
Published: August 2014

The goal of this study was to analyze the clinical and radiographic results and the survival rate of a series of rotating-hinge implants used for revision total knee arthroplasties in mild and severe instability.
Between December 1991 and June 2004, fifty-three revision total knee arthroplasties were performed using the Endo-Modell (Waldemar LINK GmbH and Co, Hamburg, Germany) rotating-hinge prosthesis; 7 (13.2%) patients underwent partial revision of a previous Endo-Modell. All patients were evaluated preoperatively, 3 and 6 months postoperatively, and annually thereafter using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score and the Knee Society Roentgenographic Evaluation System (KS-RES). Mean follow-up was 155.2±40.1 months (range, 78–240 months), with 32 patients examined at the final follow-up. All HSS knee scores increased from preoperatively to last follow-up. No statistically significance differences were found in the HSS knee scores between septic and aseptic revisions and between total or partial revisions. Progressive radiolucent lines were detected in 8 (25%) patients. Implant failure occurred in 11 (20.7%) patients; the cumulative survival of the implants was 80.4% at 150 months for the final 32 patients.
The authors recommend use of this implant for revision total knee arthroplasty, especially in patients with severe instability and bone loss.
Differentiation in Retinoblastoma and Histopathological Risk Factors in Mexico
Authors: Gómez-Martínez Ricardo , Rosales-Gradilla María Elena , Silva-Padilla Noemí , Corona-Macías Adrián 
Published: August 2014

Purpose:
To describe the relationship between retinoblastoma differentiation, histopathological risk factors, age at enucleation, laterality, and genetic type (hereditary or sporadic) in a series of enucleated eyes in a referral hospital. The criteria used in other studies to classify retinoblastoma differentiation are discussed.

Methods:
The authors retrospectively studied histopathological preparations of eyes with retinoblastoma treated with primary enucleation. Tumors were classified as well differentiated, undifferentiated, and moderately differentiated. Patient age at enucleation, laterality of disease, genetic form (hereditary or sporadic), and presence of histopathological risk factors (massive choroidal infiltration, postlaminar optic nerve invasion, tumor in optic nerve cut, scleral invasion, and involvement of orbital soft tissues) were analyzed. The chi-square test was used for categorical variables and analysis of variance for test mean differences.

Results:
Histopathological risk factors were present in 23 (36%) of 63 eyes. Moderately differentiated tumors occurred at advanced ages and were more frequently associated with histopathological risk factors.

Conclusions:
A consensus is needed to establish the histopathological criteria of retinoblastoma differentiation. The value of rosettes as a marker of cell differentiation should be reviewed.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50(3):174–177.]
Retinopathy of Prematurity in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants in Turkey
Authors: Demir Selim , Sayin Osman , Aygün Canan , Ortak Hüseyin , Yücel Özlem Eski , Küçüködük Sükrü , Beden Ümit 
Published: August 2014

Purpose:
This study was designed to determine the incidence rate of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in the middle Black Sea region of Turkey.

Methods:
The charts of 1,719 preterm infants were reviewed between January 2003 and September 2011. Of them, 225 (13.1%) infants with birth weights of less than 1,000 g were enrolled in the study. ROP was classified according to the international classification of retinopathy.

Results:

Of the 225 ELBW infants, 47.6% had advanced ROP, 23.1% had mild ROP, and 29.3% did not have ROP; 30.2% infants required treatment. ROP was detected in 75.6% of multiple births versus 69.6% of singleton births; there were no significant differences between the two groups (
P
= .388).

Conclusion:
Extremely premature infants with low gestational ages had high incidence rates of advanced ROP. Most ELBW infants require ROP treatment. In addition, increased survival of ELBW infants owing to advancements in neonatal care warrants the specialization of ophthalmologists in regard to improved diagnosis and treatment of ROP.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50(4):229–233.]
Scheimpflug-Based Tomography and Biomechanical Assessment in Pressure-Induced Stromal Keratopathy
Authors: Faria-Correia Fernando , Ramos Isaac , Valbon Bruno , Luz Allan , Roberts Cynthia J. , Ambrósio Renato 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To report the tomographic and biomechanical findings before and after treatment of a case of pressure-induced stromal keratopathy (PISK), which was misdiagnosed as diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK).

METHODS:
A case report of a referred patient with supposed diagnosis of DLK after LASIK in the right eye. Scheimpflug-based corneal tomography and biomechanical assessment were provided by the Pentacam HR and CorVis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany).

RESULTS:
A layer of corneal opacity beneath the flap with a presumably fluid-filled interface area was observed on slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Scheimpflug image from Pentacam revealed a hyperreflective area underneath the flap interface. Goldmann applanation tonometry was 12 mm Hg, whereas CorVis intraocular pressure was 53.5 mm Hg with deformation amplitude of 0.42 mm. Two days after starting oral and topical ocular hypotensive therapy, CorVis intraocular pressure was 14 mm Hg and deformation amplitude was 1.02 mm.

CONCLUSIONS:
Ocular hypertension in PISK was associated with lower deformation response, along with steepening and thickening of the cornea.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(5):356–358.]
Combining Ocular Response Analyzer Metrics for Corneal Biomechanical Diagnosis
Authors: Ruiseñor Vázquez Pablo R. , Delrivo Marianella , Bonthoux Fernando Fuentes , Pförtner Tomás , Galletti Jeremías Gastón 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To evaluate corneal biomechanical properties in non-keratoconic myopic eyes and to identify descriptors for improving the specificity of the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Depew, NY) testing for subclinical keratoconus detection.

METHODS:
Observational case series of 52 non-keratoconic non-myopic eyes and 97 non-keratoconic myopic eyes (spherical equivalent ⩽ −5 diopters [D]) in dataset 1 and 87 non-keratoconic eyes and 73 eyes with subclinical keratoconus in dataset 2. Examination included corneal topography, tomography, and biomechanical testing with the ORA. Receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression were used to identify optimal combinations of biomechanical indices for keratoconus detection. Main outcome measures were corneal thickness-corrected hysteresis (DifCH) and resistance factor (DifCRF), the difference between these two (CH-CRF), and the diagnostic performance of their combinations.

RESULTS:

Compared to non-keratoconic non-myopic eyes, non-keratoconic myopic eyes with flat corneas (average corneal power < 44.0 D) had reduced DifCH (mean ± standard deviation, 0.11 ± 1.27 vs −0.79 ± 1.50,
P
< .01) and DifCRF (0.24 ± 1.16 vs −0.70 ± 1.59,
P
< .01) values, whereas non-keratoconic myopic eyes with steep corneas showed no difference. Keratoconic eyes exhibited lower DifCH and DifCRF values than non-keratoconic myopic eyes. Combinations of DifCH, DifCRF, and CH-CRF had increased specificity (> 80%) for subclinical keratoconus compared to the DifCRF index alone (71%).

CONCLUSIONS:
In biomechanical keratoconus screening, some non-keratoconic myopic eyes show altered ocular biomechanical properties and are identified as false-positive cases. The low specificity of DifCRF when dealing with these non-keratoconic eyes could be improved by considering additional biomechanical descriptors such as DifCH and CH-CRF, which seem to be indicative of the aforementioned biomechanical profile.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(9):596–602.]
Preoperative Topographic Characteristics of Eyes That Developed Postoperative LASIK Keratectasia
Authors: Bühren Jens , Schäffeler Thomas , Kohnen Thomas 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To assess the suitability of corneal anterior and posterior surface aberrations and pachymetry profile data to discriminate between eyes that later developed postoperative LASIK iatrogenic keratectasia and eyes that remained stable.

METHODS:
Ten eyes of five patients that later developed iatrogenic keratectasia and 245 control eyes of 245 patients with a stable postoperative LASIK follow-up of 12 months or more were included. Zernike coefficients from anterior and posterior cornea, data from corneal pachymetry profiles, and output values of discriminant functions (input from Zernike coefficients, pachymetry data, and age) were assessed for their usefulness to discriminate between preoperative eyes with iatrogenic keratectasia eyes and controls using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Furthermore, Randleman Ectasia Risk Scores were calculated for each eye.

RESULTS:

Anterior horizontal coma (C
3
1
) was the coefficient with highest discriminative ability (area under the ROC curve [A
Z
ROC] = 0.819). For posterior coefficients and pachymetry data, A
Z
ROC values were lower. Constructing discriminant functions increased A
Z
ROC values. The function containing anterior and posterior Zernike coefficients, pachymetry data, and age reached an A
Z
ROC of 0.991. The other functions ranged from 0.858 (pachymetry) to 0.981 (anterior and posterior Zernike coefficients and age). With the Randleman Ectasia Risk Scores, 80.4% were classified correctly if eyes with 4 points or more were excluded from treatment (87.1% for 3 points or more).

CONCLUSIONS:
Preoperative corneal topographic characteristics of eyes that developed iatrogenic keratectasia were different than those of eyes that remained stable. However, topography patterns were not identical with those found in eyes with subclinical keratoconus in previous studies. Discriminant functions from Zernike coefficients and pachymetry data were useful to discriminate between normal eyes and eyes with preoperative iatrogenic keratectasia.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(8):540–549.]
Repeatability of Ocular Biomechanical Data Measurements With a Scheimpflug-Based Noncontact Device on Normal Corneas
Authors: Nemeth Gabor , Hassan Ziad , Csutak Adrienne , Szalai Eszter , Berta Andras , Modis Laszlo 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To analyze the repeatability of a new device measuring ocular biomechanical properties, central corneal thickness (CCT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) and to investigate these parameters and their correlations in healthy eyes.

METHODS:
Three consecutive measurements were performed on each eye using the CorVis ST device (Oculus Optikgeräte, Inc., Wetzler, Germany). Ten specific parameters, CCT, and IOP were measured. Biometric data were recorded with IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany).

RESULTS:

This study comprised 75 eyes of 75 healthy volunteers (mean age: 61.24 ± 15.72 years). Mean IOP was 15.02 ± 2.90 mm Hg and mean CCT was 556.33 ± 33.13
μ
m. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.865 for IOP and 0.970 for CCT, and coefficient of variation was 0.069 for IOP and 0.008 for CCT. ICC was 0.758 for maximum amplitude at highest concavity and 0.784 for first applanation time, and less than 0.6 for all other parameters. The device-specific data showed no significant relationship with age and axial length. Flattest and steepest keratometric values and IOP showed a significant correlation with the 10 device-specific parameters.

CONCLUSIONS:
The CorVis ST showed high repeatability for only IOP and pachymetric values. Single measurements are not reliable for the 10 device-specific parameters. The device allows for conducting clinical examinations and screening for surgeries altering ocular biomechanical properties with some form of averaging of multiple measurements.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(8):558–563.]
Acetazolamide-Induced Bilateral Choroidal Effusion Following Insertion of a Phakic Implantable Collamer Lens
Authors: de Rojas Victoria , González-López Félix , Baviera Julio 
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE:
To present the case of a 28-year-old man with acetazolamide-induced bilateral choroidal effusion after uneventful surgery of the second eye in delayed sequential bilateral insertion of an implantable collamer lens for hyperopia.

METHODS:
Case report.

RESULTS:
Surgery of the left eye was uneventful, and the implantable collamer lens was implanted 3 weeks later in the right eye. Twenty-four hours after surgery, the patient presented with bilateral shallow anterior chamber, vault 0, and myopic shift (−8 diopters) in both eyes. B-scan ultrasound showed choroidal thickening in both eyes, which was consistent with choroidal effusion syndrome. A causal relationship was suspected with oral acetazolamide, which had been prescribed after surgery. When the drug was stopped, the condition improved slowly and resolved completely within 5 days.

CONCLUSIONS:
Choroidal effusion should be included in the differential diagnosis of shallow anterior chamber after implantation of an implantable collamer lens.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(8):570–572.]