bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to Evade States and Slip Past Borders: Lessons from Traders, Overstayers, and Asylum Seekers in Hong Kong and China
Authors: MATHEWS GORDON , LIN DAN , YANG YANG 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper analyzes how traders, overstayers, and asylum seekers in Hong Kong and south China experience and evade the state. It does this by utilizing two of Ananya Roy's key ideas—the organizational logic of informality, and “unmapping” as an informalization of the state. It considers the organizational logic of informality by examining the individual strategies followed by traders, overstayers, and asylum seekers in their conduct of low‐end globalization. These strategies include laying low beneath the notice of the state, using one's social networks and cultural capital in one's evaluation of uncertain information, and engaging in self‐presentation that remains carefully concealed. The paper applies Roy's concept of unmapping to the governments of Hong Kong and China in their informalization of state control over immigration and police, rendering the enforcement of low‐priority laws a matter of the individual discretion of state agents. However, even if the state does not usually act, it could act, making the lives and livelihoods of these immigrants particularly uncertain. This paper shows how Roy's ideas may be applied to a realm of analysis far from her original purview. [traders, overstayers, asylum seekers, low‐end globalization, Hong Kong, China]
Effects of framework design and layering material on fracture strength of implant‐supported zirconia‐based molar crowns
Authors: Kamio Shingo , Komine Futoshi , Taguchi Kohei , Iwasaki Taro , Blatz Markus B. , Matsumura Hideo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of framework design and layering material on the fracture strength of implant‐supported zirconia‐based molar crowns.Material and methodsSixty‐six titanium abutments (GingiHue Post) were tightened onto dental implants (Implant Lab Analog). These abutment–implant complexes were randomly divided into three groups (n = 22) according to the design of the zirconia framework (Katana), namely, uniform‐thickness (UNI), anatomic (ANA), and supported anatomic (SUP) designs. The specimens in each design group were further divided into two subgroups (n = 11): zirconia‐based all‐ceramic restorations (ZAC group) and zirconia‐based restorations with an indirect composite material (Estenia C&B) layered onto the zirconia framework (ZIC group). All crowns were cemented on implant abutments, after which the specimens were tested for fracture resistance. The data were analyzed with the Kruskal–Wallis test and the Mann–Whitney U‐test with the Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05).ResultsThe following mean fracture strength values (kN) were obtained in UNI design, ANA design, and SUP design, respectively: Group ZAC, 3.78, 6.01, 6.50 and Group ZIC, 3.15, 5.65, 5.83. In both the ZAC and ZIC groups, fracture strength was significantly lower for the UNI design than the other two framework designs (P = 0.001). Fracture strength did not significantly differ (P > 0.420) between identical framework designs in the ZAC and ZIC groups.ConclusionsA framework design with standardized layer thickness and adequate support of veneer by zirconia frameworks, as in the ANA and SUP designs, increases fracture resistance in implant‐supported zirconia‐based restorations under conditions of chewing attrition. Indirect composite material and porcelain perform similarly as layering materials on zirconia frameworks.
Embryogenesis ofHeliconius erato(Lepidoptera,Nymphalidae): A contribution to the anatomical development of an evo‐devo model organism
Authors: Aymone Ana Carolina Bahi , Lothhammer Nívia , Valente Vera Lúcia da Silva , de Araújo Aldo Mellender 
Published: August 2014

This study reports on the embryogenesis ofHeliconius erato phyllisbetween blastoderm formation and the prehatching larval stage. Syncytial blastoderm formation occurred approximately 2 h after egg laying (AEL) and at about 4 h, the cellular blastoderm was formed. The germ band arose from the entire length of the blastoderm, and rapidly became compacted occupying approximately two‐thirds of the egg length. At about 7 hAEL, protocephalon and protocorm differentiation occurred. Continued proliferation of the germ band was followed by penetration into the yolk mass, forming a C‐shaped embryo at about 10 h. Approximately 12 hAEL, the gnathal, thoracic and abdominal segments became visible. The primordium of the mouthparts and thoracic legs formed as paired evaginations, while the prolegs formed as paired lobes. At about 30 h, the embryo reversed dorsoventrally. Approximately 32 hAEL, the protocephalon and gnathal segments fused, shifting the relative position of the rudimentary appendages in this region. At about 52 h, the embryo was U‐shaped in lateral view and at approximately 56 h, the bristles began evagination from the larval cuticle. Larvae hatched at about 72 h. We found thatH. erato phyllisfollowed an embryonic pattern consistent with long‐germ embryogenesis. Thus, we believe thatH. erato phyllisshould be classified as a long‐germ lepidopteran. The study ofH. erato phyllisembryogenesis provided a structural glimpse into the morphogenetic events that occur in theHeliconiusegg period. This study could help future molecular approaches to understanding the evolution ofHeliconiusdevelopment.
Activity patterns of Gulf Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) in the staging area of the Pascagoula River during fall outmigration
Authors: Grammer Paul O. , Mickle Paul F. , Peterson Mark S. , Havrylkoff Jeanne‐Marie , Slack William T. , Leaf Robert T. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractEnvironmental cues that are associated with individual movement of threatened Gulf Sturgeon from upriver areas to nearshore and offshore winter feeding areas have been described throughout much of their range in the Gulf of Mexico. In this study, we focus on small‐scale movement of Gulf Sturgeon between summer ‘holding’ areas and the fall staging area in the Pascagoula River system (Mississippi, USA). We evaluated a set of logistic regression models using Akaike's Information Criterion and found that relative changes in barometric pressure, time of day, and water temperature were cues for small‐scale Gulf Sturgeon movements during fall outmigration. Numerous environmental cues appear to drive the activity of Gulf Sturgeon in staging areas, indicating the complexity of abiotic factors affecting the observed staging patterns during emigration. The identification of the environmental drivers that are associated with Gulf Sturgeon movement is particularly important if these known saline transition zones change spatially annually with variable rainfall or due to water withdrawals and are used by Gulf Sturgeon making osmotic adjustments while moving downriver.
Poor self‐recognition of disordered eating among girls with bulimic‐type eating disorders: cause for concern?
Authors: Gratwick‐Sarll Kassandra , Bentley Caroline , Harrison Carmel , Mond Jonathan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAimBulimic‐type eating disorders are common among young women and associated with high levels of distress and disability and low uptake of mental health care. We examined self‐recognition of disordered eating and factors associated with this among female adolescents with bulimic‐type eating disorders (n = 139) recruited from a large, population‐based sample.MethodsA vignette of a fictional character with bulimia nervosa was presented, followed by a series of questions addressing the nature and treatment of the problem described. One of these questions required participants to indicate whether they currently had a problem such as the one described. Self‐report measures of eating disorder symptoms, general psychological distress and quality of life were also completed.ResultsMore than half of participants (58%) did not believe that they currently had a problem with their eating. In multivariable analysis, impairment in emotional well‐being and self‐induced vomiting were the only variables independently associated with self‐recognition. Participants who recognized a problem with their eating were more likely to have sought treatment for an eating problem than those who did not.ConclusionsRecognition of disordered eating among adolescents with bulimic‐type eating disorders may be poor and this may be a factor in low uptake of mental health care. Health promotion efforts may need to address the misconception that only bulimic‐type disorders involving self‐induced vomiting are pathological.
Client and key worker ratings of need in first‐episode psychosis early intervention programmes
Authors: Hensel Jennifer M. , Banayan David J. , Cheng Chiachen , Langley John , Dewa Carolyn S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to fill a gap in the literature by examining agreement on need as rated by clients and their key workers from first‐episode psychosis early intervention programmes. Compared with adult populations and more chronic courses of illness, these clients may have unique needs given the onset of their illness in adolescence or early adulthood.MethodsNeeds agreement between clients and key workers was assessed using the Camberwell Assessment of Need in a sample of 188 client–key worker pairs recruited from six early intervention programmes in Ontario, Canada. Ratings were assessed with percentage agreement and prevalence‐adjusted Cohen's kappa.ResultsAt the aggregate level, both clients and key workers rated a mean of 2.6 unmet needs. Compared with other diagnoses, key workers rated significantly more unmet need in clients with primary psychotic disorders. Agreement between individual client and key worker ratings was highest (adjusted κ > 0.85) in the domains of telephone, risk to others, child care and accommodation. Lowest agreement (adjusted κ < 0.4) was found in the domains of psychological distress, sexual expression, company, daytime activities and intimate relationships.ConclusionsWhile congruence is present in concrete domains, there is substantial variability in how clients and their key workers perceive need in more personal areas. The initial focus of care may necessarily be on needs such as shelter, food and treatment; however, subsequent care should incorporate a shared assessment of need to support strong relationships with providers and ongoing engagement in treatment.
Co‐inheritance of the rare β hemoglobin variants Hb Yaounde, Hb Görwihl and Hb City of Hope with other alterations in globin genes: impact in genetic counseling
Authors: Vinciguerra Margherita , Passarello Cristina , Leto Filippo , Cassarà Filippo , Cannata Monica , Maggio Aurelio , Giambona Antonino 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurposeNearly 1183 different molecular defects of the globin genes leading to hemoglobin variants have been identified (http://globin.bx.psu.edu) over the past decades. The purpose of this study was to report three cases, never described in the literature, of co‐inheritance of three β hemoglobin variants with other alterations in globin genes and to evaluate the clinical significance to conduct an appropriate genetic counseling.Patients and methodsWe report the molecular study performed in three probands and their families, sampling during the screening program conducted at the Laboratory for Molecular Prenatal Diagnosis of Hemoglobinopathies at Villa Sofia‐Cervello Hospital in Palermo, Italy.ResultsThis work allowed us to describe the co‐inheritance of three rare β hemoglobin variants with other alterations in globin genes: the β hemoglobin variant Hb Yaounde [β134(H12)Val>Ala], found for the first time in combination with αααanti3.7 arrangement, and the β hemoglobin variants Hb Görwihl [β5(A2)Pro>Ala] and Hb City of Hope [β69(E13)Gly>Ser], found both in association with β0‐thalassemia.ConclusionThe present work emphasizes the importance of a careful evaluation of the hematological data, especially in cases of atypical hematological parameters, to carry out an adequate and complete molecular study and to formulate an appropriate genetic counseling for couples at risk.
3,6‐Epidioxy‐1,10‐bisaboladiene inhibits G1‐specific transcription through Swi4/Swi6 and Mbp1/Swi6 via the Hog1 stress pathway in yeast
Authors: Imamura Yuko , Yukawa Masashi , Ueno Masaru , Kimura Ken‐ichi , Tsuchiya Eiko 
Published: August 2014

3,6‐Epidioxy‐1,10‐bisaboladiene (EDBD), a bisabolane sesquiterpene endoperoxide compound, was previously isolated from Cacalia delphiniifolia and C. hastata in northern Japan. EDBD has cytotoxic effects and induces apoptosis via phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase in human promyelocytic leukemia HL60 cells. However, the mechanism of action of EDBD has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the molecular mechanisms of EDBD in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EDBD arrested the growth of S. cerevisiae cells by suppressing progression from the G1 phase to the S phase and from the G2 phase to the M phase. Moreover, biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that EDBD activated environmental stress–response pathways involving Hog1 and affected Cln3/G1 cyclin activity, thereby inhibiting the expression of SCB‐binding factor and MCB‐binding factor target genes. Our results provided important insights into the functions of EDBD in tumor cells and may facilitate the development of EDBD‐based antitumor therapies.Structured digital abstract•Swi4 physically interacts with Swi6 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction)
Master apical file size – smaller or larger: a systematic review of healing outcomes
Authors: Aminoshariae A. , Kulild J. C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe purpose of this systematic review was to determine in patients undergoing root canal treatment, whether apical enlargement affected the healing outcome. A PICO (population, intervention, comparison and outcome) strategy was developed to identify studies dealing with apical size of canal and healing outcome as measured clinically and radiographically. The MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane and PubMed databases were searched. Additionally, the bibliography of all relevant articles and textbooks was manually searched. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently selected the relevant articles. Four articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria. There were no studies that evaluated apical enlargement and healing outcome using cone beam computed tomography. The results of the systematic review confirmed that more evidence‐based research in this area is needed. With the limited information available, the best current available clinical evidence suggests that for patients with necrotic pulps and periapical lesions, enlargement of the apical size would result in an increased healing outcome in terms of clinical and radiographic evaluations.
Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of five edible Hymenomycetes mushrooms
Authors: Zhang Ning , Chen Haixia , Zhang Yu , Xing Lisha , Li Shuqin , Wang Xiuming , Sun Zhen 
Published: August 2014

SummaryEthanol extracts (LEE: ethanol extract from Lentinus edodes; TEE: ethanol extract from Tremella fuciformis; AEE: ethanol extract from Auricularia polytricha; GEE: ethanol extract from Ganoderma lucidum; IEE: ethanol extract from Inonotus obliquus) and water extracts (LWE: water extract from Lentinus edodes; TWE: water extract from Tremella fuciformis; AWE: water extract from Auricularia polytricha; GWE: water extract from Ganoderma lucidum; IWE: water extract from Inonotus obliquus) were obtained from five mushrooms. The contents of their main active constituents were analysed, and the antioxidant properties were studied by three in vitro assay systems. It was found that IEE had the highest phenolic content (55.94 mg g−1), flavonoid content (67.33 mg g−1) and the contents of five individual phenolic compounds (total amount was 4538.36 μg g−1). The highest content of neutral sugar was found in TWE (668.10 mg g−1), uronic acid in AWE (134.42 mg g−1), and the protein content was the highest in IWE (523.79 mg g−1). The antioxidant order was Inonotus obliquus > Ganoderma lucidum > Lentinus edodes > Tremella fuciformis > Auricularia auricula. IEE showed the highest antioxidant activities, and it might be used as a new candidate antioxidant.
A tale of two coalitions – marginalising the users while successfully implementing an enterprise resource planning system
Authors: Lyytinen Kalle , Newman Mike 
Published: August 2014

AbstractClassic analyses of system implementations view user participation as a key element for successful implementation. However, under some conditions, avoiding user participation offers an alternative route to a successful implementation; this is advisable especially when the user network is weak and aligning user needs with the technological capabilities will take too much resource. To illustrate such situation, we analyse how a successful implementation outcome of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system emerged in a recently established conglomeration of two previously independent universities. The ERP was used to replace several legacy student administration systems for both political and functional reasons. It was deemed successful by both project consultants and the new university's management while the users were marginalised (‘black boxed’) and left to ‘pick up the pieces’ of an incomplete system using traditional methods such as shadow systems and work‐a‐rounds. Using a process approach and an actor–network theory ‘reading’ of related socio‐technical events, we demonstrate how three networks of actors – management, the project team and the administrative users – collided and influenced the implementation outcome and how the management and project network established the ERP as a reliable ally while at the same time the users – while being enrolled in the network – were betrayed through marginalisation. Our analysis also suggests a useful way to conduct a ‘follow the network’ analysis explaining and accounting for the observed implementation outcome. We illustrate the benefits of using a socio‐technical processual analysis and show how stable actor networks must be constructed during large‐scale information technology change and how different actor groups perceive and influence differently the implementation outcome.
Nursing‐sensitive indicators: a concept analysis
Authors: Heslop Liza , Lu Sai , Xu Xiaoquan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAimTo report a concept analysis of nursing‐sensitive indicators within the applied context of the acute care setting.BackgroundThe concept of ‘nursing sensitive indicators’ is valuable to elaborate nursing care performance. The conceptual foundation, theoretical role, meaning, use and interpretation of the concept tend to differ. The elusiveness of the concept and the ambiguity of its attributes may have hindered research efforts to advance its application in practice.DesignConcept analysis.Data sourcesUsing ‘clinical indicators’ or ‘quality of nursing care’ as subject headings and incorporating keyword combinations of ‘acute care’ and ‘nurs*’, CINAHL and MEDLINE with full text in EBSCOhost databases were searched for English language journal articles published between 2000–2012. Only primary research articles were selected.MethodsA hybrid approach was undertaken, incorporating traditional strategies as per Walker and Avant and a conceptual matrix based on Holzemer's Outcomes Model for Health Care Research.ResultsThe analysis revealed two main attributes of nursing‐sensitive indicators. Structural attributes related to health service operation included: hours of nursing care per patient day, nurse staffing. Outcome attributes related to patient care included: the prevalence of pressure ulcer, falls and falls with injury, nosocomial selective infection and patient/family satisfaction with nursing care.ConclusionThis concept analysis may be used as a basis to advance understandings of the theoretical structures that underpin both research and practical application of quality dimensions of nursing care performance.
Trophic State in Voyageurs National Park Lakes before and after Implementation of a Revised Water‐Level Management Plan
Authors: Christensen Victoria G. , Maki Ryan P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe compiled Secchi depth, total phosphorus, and chlorophylla(Chla) data from Voyageurs National Park lakes and compared datasets before and after a new water‐level management plan was implemented in January 2000. Average Secchi depth transparency improved (from 1.9 to 2.1 m,p = 0.020) between 1977‐1999 and 2000‐2011 in Kabetogama Lake for August samples only and remained unchanged in Rainy, Namakan, and Sand Point Lakes, and Black Bay in Rainy Lake. Average open‐water season Chlaconcentration decreased in Black Bay (from an average of 13 to 6.0 μg/l,p = 0.001) and Kabetogama Lake (from 9.9 to 6.2 μg/l,p = 0.006) between 1977‐1999 and 2000‐2011. Trophic state index decreased significantly in Black Bay from 59 to 51 (p = 0.006) and in Kabetogama Lake from 57 to 50 (p = 0.006) between 1977‐1999 and 2000‐2011. Trophic state indices based on Chlaindicated that after 2000, Sand Point, Namakan, and Rainy Lakes remained oligotrophic, whereas eutrophication has decreased in Kabetogama Lake and Black Bay. Although nutrient inputs from inflows and internal sources are still sufficient to produce annual cyanobacterial blooms and may inhibit designated water uses, trophic state has decreased for Kabetogama Lake and Black Bay and there has been no decline in lake ecosystem health since the implementation of the revised water‐level management plan.
Global patterns of arthropod herbivory on an invasive plant, the physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.)
Authors: Lama A. D. , Vuorisalo T. , Niemelä P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is a multipurpose and oil‐producing shrub of Central and South American origin. Since the 15th century, this shrub has existed across tropical regions. Despite its presumed resistance to herbivores, reports show that arthropod herbivores infest it. However, no comprehensive account of arthropod herbivores, which consume the physic nut, exists. Here, we conducted a literature review that provides a comprehensive account of arthropod herbivores of the physic nut. Based on the co‐evolutionary hypothesis, we expected to find a higher herbivore of species richness and a larger proportion of native herbivores within the native range than elsewhere. As physic nut is a well‐defended plant chemically, we expected to find evidence for highest herbivory levels in plant parts that are the least defended. By the literatures review, we compiled 78 arthropod herbivores representing nine orders and from 31 families that feed on physic nut across the globe. As expected, the highest numbers of herbivores (34 species) were documented within the native range of the J. curcas and the lowest species number (21 species) in Africa. Of the 34 species in Central and South America, 94% were of native origin. Nine species were found feeding on J. curcas on more than one continent. Origins of 49% of species were from the native range of J. curcas. The highest percentage (54%) of species belonged to Hemiptera. With regard to feeding guilds, 59% of the herbivores belonged to sucking and 41% to chewing species. Forty‐one per cent of species were flower or fruit feeders, and 36% foliage feeders. We conclude that J. curcas is, despite its toxicity, vulnerable to herbivory, mainly to foliage, flower and fruit feeders.