bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nano‐encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate using starch nanoparticles: Characterization and insights on in vitro micellar cholesterol solubility
Authors: Baruah Kamal Narayan , Nagaoka Satoshi , Banno Arata , Singha Siddhartha , Uppaluri Ramagopal V. S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present work investigates the in vitro cholesterol reduction bioactivity of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) prior to and after nano‐encapsulation using potato starch nanoparticle (SNP) as wall material. EGCG encapsulation in potato SNPs was achieved through a green inclusion complexation method. The encapsulated EGCG was characterized for its morphology, thermal, and crystalline properties using FESEM, DSC, XRD, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies. The bioactivity of EGCG to reduce gut cholesterol was studied using in vitro micellar cholesterol solubility study. The encapsulated EGCG exhibited enhanced thermal and crystalline properties. The FESEM results indicated successful nano‐encapsulation of EGCG at 20–120 nm diameter. The melting point enhanced from 225.7°C in EGCG to 282.9°C in encapsulated EGCG. The crystallinity also enhanced and could be observed through the increased intensity in the encapsulated EGCG. The FTIR results affirmed a shifting of peaks at 3675, 2927, 1730, and 1646 cm−1, which corresponds to formation of new H bonds and confirms successful encapsulation of EGCG in SNPs. Further, EGCG had significantly reduced the cholesterol concentration by 91.63% as observed through the in vitro micellar inhibition study. The encapsulated EGCG was not able to reduce cholesterol as observed in the in vitro micellar cholesterol solubility study. This effect occurred due to the unavailability of EGCG after it formed a complex with SNPs.Practical ApplicationThis study first investigates the utilization of newly synthesized potato starch nanoparticles as a coating material for nano‐encapsulation of EGCG. The enhanced thermal and crystalline properties of these nanoparticles contribute to improved attributes in the nano‐encapsulated EGCG. Such properties hold promise for applications in functional food matrices subjected to high‐temperature processing, including functional cookies, bread, and cakes. Furthermore, this research explores the bioactivity of EGCG concerning its capacity to reduce gut cholesterol levels. It also examines the potential application of nano‐encapsulated EGCG in lowering gut cholesterol through a micellar solubility study.
Peripheral nerve blocks for closed reduction of distal radius fractures—A systematic review with meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Pisljagic Sanja , Temberg Jens L. , Steensbæk Mathias T. , Yousef Sina , Maagaard Mathias , Chafranska Lana , Lange Kai H. W. , Rothe Christian , Lundstrøm Lars H. , Nørskov Anders K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeripheral nerve blocks may provide better conditions for closed reduction of distal radius fractures as compared to other more frequently used modalities. In this systematic review, we evaluate existing evidence on the effect and harm of peripheral nerve blocks for closed reduction of distal radius fractures in adults.MethodsWe performed a systematic review with meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis including trials investigating the use of peripheral nerve blocks for closed reduction of distal radius fractures. Co‐primary outcomes were (1) the quality of the closed reduction measured as the proportion of participants needing surgery afterwards and (2) pain during closed reduction.ResultsSix trials (n = 312) met the inclusion criteria. One trial reported on the need for surgery with 4 of 25 participants receiving nerve block compared to 7 of 25 receiving haematoma block needing surgery (RR 0.57, 96.7% CI [0.19; 1.71], p = .50). Four trials reported pain during closed reduction. In a meta‐analysis, pain was not statistically significantly reduced with a nerve block (−2.1 Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) points (0–10), 96.7% CI [−4.4; 0.2], p = .07, tau2 = 5.4, I2 = 97%, TSA‐adj. 95% CI [−11.5; 7.3]). No trial sequential boundaries were crossed, and the required information size was not met. Pre‐planned subgroup analysis on trials evaluating ultrasound guided peripheral nerve blocks (patients = 110) showed a significant decrease in ‘pain during reduction’ (−4.1 NRS, 96.7% CI [−5.5; −2.6], p < .01, tau2 = 0.9, I2 = 80%). All trial results were at high risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence was very low.ConclusionThe certainty of evidence on the effect of peripheral nerve blocks for closed reduction of distal radius fractures is currently very low. Peripheral nerve blocks performed with ultrasound guidance may potentially reduce pain during closed reduction. High‐quality clinical trials are warranted.
Cellular senescence impairs tendon extracellular matrix remodeling in response to mechanical unloading
Authors: Stowe Emma J. , Keller Madelyn R. , Connizzo Brianne K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMusculoskeletal injuries, including tendinopathies, present a significant clinical burden for aging populations. While the biological drivers of age‐related declines in tendon function are poorly understood, it is well accepted that dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling plays a role in chronic tendon degeneration. Senescent cells, which have been associated with multiple degenerative pathologies in musculoskeletal tissues, secrete a highly pro‐inflammatory senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that has potential to promote ECM breakdown. However, the role of senescent cells in the dysregulation of tendon ECM homeostasis is largely unknown. To assess this directly, we developed an in vitro model of induced cellular senescence in murine tendon explants. This novel technique enables us to study the isolated interactions of senescent cells and their native ECM without interference from age‐related systemic changes. We document multiple biomarkers of cellular senescence in induced tendon explants including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis resistance, and sustained inflammatory responses. We then utilize this in vitro senescence model to compare the ECM remodeling response of young, naturally aged, and induced‐senescent tendons to an altered mechanical stimulus. We found that both senescence and aging independently led to alterations in ECM‐related gene expression, reductions in protein synthesis, and tissue compositional changes. Furthermore, MMP activity was sustained, thus shifting the remodeling balance of aged and induced‐senescent tissues towards degradation over production. Together, this demonstrates that cellular senescence plays a role in the altered mechano‐response of aged tendons and likely contributes to poor clinical outcomes in aging populations.
LPS‐Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Reduces Oocyte Maturation and Developmental Competence of Buffalo Embryos via ROS Mediated TLR4 Signalling
Authors: Jinagal Sujata , Dutt Ravi , Sharma Maninder , Punetha Meeti , Saini Sheetal , Thakur Swati , Chaudhary Suman , Kumar Pradeep , Yadav Prem Singh , Datta Tirtha Kumar , Kumar Dharmendra 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTProblemLipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram‐negative bacteria has reportedly been associated with infectious diseases like metritis, which has a substantial adverse effect on animal reproductive performance and causes serious financial losses for the dairy sector. The current work aimed to establish the impact of LPS on in vitro oocyte maturation and subsequent in vitro developmental competence of oocytes, as well as to investigate the explanatory molecular mechanism underlying this effect.Method of StudyBuffalo cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) were challenged with 0, 5, 10 and 20 µg/mL LPS during IVM followed by IVF and IVC. Cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation, cleavage and blastocyst rate, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm) and transcript abundance of genes related to inflammation, antioxidation and apoptosis were evaluated.ResultsThe maturation and subsequent embryonic development competency were found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced with the addition of 10 and 20 µg/mL LPS to IVM media. ROS production accompanied by a decreased ΔΨm was recorded in LPS‐treated oocytes in comparison to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). Our results were further supported by the transcriptional expression of proinflammatory (TLR4, CD14 and RPS27A) and apoptotic gene (Caspase 3) which were found to be significantly increased while antioxidant genes (SOD2 and GPX1) were decreased significantly in matured oocytes and blastocyst after LPS exposure.ConclusionsThe deleterious effects of LPS are mediated through ROS generation, which triggers inflammatory processes via the TLR4 pathway and impairs oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development.
Skin tone effects on others' pain estimation: Moderation by a colour stereotype
Authors: Ha Chang Hyun , Park Sang Hee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe tested whether skin tone would influence pain estimation and whether a colour stereotype (i.e., “darker‐is‐stronger”) moderates the relationship. We manipulated targets' skin tone into three levels (darker/medium/lighter). Participants estimated how much physical or emotional pain the targets would feel in various adverse situations and answered how much they believed objects with darker colours are stronger. Although the differences in estimated pain between the three skin tone conditions were not statistically significant, we found the moderation effect of the colour stereotype on the relationship between skin tone and pain estimation (for physical pain only). Specifically, participants with a stronger colour stereotype expected that darker‐skinned targets would feel less physical pain than lighter skinned ones.
Letter: Extreme diagnostic delay due to misdiagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis later diagnosed as postoperative Crohn's disease
Authors: Chatterjee Abhirup , Yadav Ashutosh Ishan , Sekar Aravind , Singh Harjeet , Dutta Usha , Sharma Vishal 
Published: July 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jayasooriya et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17370.
Editorial: Leveraging existing mid‐end ultrasound machine for point‐of‐care intestinal ultrasound in low‐resource settings: Prospective, real‐world impact on clinical decision making. Authors' reply
Authors: Pal Partha , Mateen Mohammad Abdul 
Published: July 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Pal et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18155 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18175
NAT10 inhibition promotes ac4C‐dependent ferroptosis to counteract sorafenib resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Xue Ziyi , Xie Haijing , Shan Ying , Zhang Lin , Cheng Lin , Chen Wenyue , Zhu Rui , Zhang Kaiwen , Ni Haosheng , Zhang Zhenxin , You Yiwen , You Bo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSorafenib, an anticancer drug, has been shown to induce ferroptosis in cancer cells. However, resistance to sorafenib greatly limits its therapeutic efficacy, and the exact mechanism of resistance is not fully understood. This study investigated the role of N‐Acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in influencing the anticancer activity of sorafenib in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its molecular mechanism. NAT10 expression was significantly upregulated in NPC. Mechanistically, NAT10 promotes proteins of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) expression through ac4C acetylation, inhibiting sorafenib‐induced ferroptosis in NPC cells. The combined application of sorafenib and the NAT10 inhibitor remodelin significantly inhibits SLC7A11 expression and promotes ferroptosis in NPC cells. In vivo knockout of NAT10 inhibited the growth of sorafenib‐resistant NPC. Our findings suggest that NAT10 inhibition might be a promising therapeutic approach to enhance the anticancer activity of sorafenib.
Clinicopathological, molecular, and prognostic features of colorectal carcinomas with KRAS c.34G>T (p.G12C) mutation
Authors: Ugai Satoko , Yao Qian , Takashima Yasutoshi , Zhong Yuxue , Matsuda Kosuke , Kawamura Hidetaka , Imamura Yu , Okadome Kazuo , Mima Kosuke , Arima Kota , Kosumi Keisuke , Song Mingyang , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Giannakis Marios , Nowak Jonathan A. , Ugai Tomotaka , Ogino Shuji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEvidence indicates that combinations of anti‐EGFR antibodies and KRAS p.G12C (c.34G>T) inhibitors can be an effective treatment strategy for advanced colorectal cancer. We hypothesized that KRAS c.34G>T (p.G12C)‐mutated colorectal carcinoma might be a distinct tumor subtype. We utilized a prospective cohort incident tumor biobank (including 1347 colorectal carcinomas) and detected KRAS c.34G>T (p.G12C) mutation in 43 cases (3.2%) and other KRAS mutations (in codon 12, 13, 61, or 146) in 467 cases (35%). The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)‐low prevalence was similarly higher in KRAS c.34G>T mutants (52%) and other KRAS mutants (49%) than in KRAS‐wild‐type tumors (31%). KRAS c.34G>T mutants showed higher CIMP‐high prevalence (14%) and lower CIMP‐negative prevalence (33%) compared with other KRAS mutants (6% and 45%, respectively; p = 0.0036). Similar to other KRAS mutants, KRAS c.34G>T‐mutated tumors were associated with cecal location, non‐microsatellite instability (MSI)‐high status, BRAF wild type, and PIK3CA mutation when compared with KRAS‐wild‐type tumors. Compared with BRAF‐mutated tumors, KRAS c.34G>T mutants showed more frequent LINE‐1 hypomethylation, a biomarker for early‐onset colorectal carcinoma. KRAS c.34G>T mutants were not associated with other features, including the tumor tissue abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. animalis), pks+ Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium, or (enterotoxigenic) Bacteroides fragilis. Among 1122 BRAF‐wild‐type colorectal carcinomas, compared with KRAS‐wild‐type tumors, multivariable‐adjusted colorectal cancer‐specific mortality hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.82 (1.05–3.17) in KRAS c.34G>T (p.G12C)‐mutated tumors (p = 0.035) and 1.57 (1.22–2.02) in other KRAS‐mutated tumors (p = 0.0004). Our study provides novel evidence for clinical and tumor characteristics of KRAS c.34G>T (p.G12C)‐mutated colorectal carcinoma.
Sociodemographic and clinical indicators of children and young people with cerebral palsy and reported unmet social needs
Authors: Yeoh Amelia , Ostojic Katarina , Berg Alison , Garg Arvin , Mcintyre Sarah , Scott Timothy , Eapen Valsamma , Woolfenden Sue , Paget Simon ,   EPIC‐CP GROUP
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo determine the frequency, type, clinical, and sociodemographic associations of unmet social needs in children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodWe conducted a cross‐sectional study of parents and carers of children with CP attending a specialist hospital clinic between July and September 2022. Unmet social needs were self‐identified using a survey, guided by the WE CARE survey instrument and adapted to the local context. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from medical records. We performed descriptive analysis of participants' unmet social needs, sociodemographic factors, and clinical factors, and examined for associations using a χ2 test and logistic regression.ResultsA total of 105 parents and carers completed the survey. Of these, 68 (64.8%) reported one or more unmet social need, with 24 (22.9%) reporting three or more unmet needs. A higher number (three or more) of unmet needs was associated with Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV and V (odds ratio [OR] = 3.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.44–9.86) and intellectual disability (OR = 4.63, 95% CI = 1.61–13.31), but were not significant when corrected for neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage. The greatest socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with housing concerns (p = 0.002), food (p = 0.026), and financial insecurity (p = 0.02).InterpretationUnmet social needs are experienced by most families of children with CP. This study highlights the importance of systematic pathways to identify and address unmet social needs.
Laser‐induced photothermal ablation of equine dermal melanoma
Authors: Matyjaszek Sarah , Porubovich Hilary , Sullins Kenneth 
Published: July 2024

SummaryBackgroundEquine dermal melanoma is a skin tumour most commonly seen in grey horses. Most grey horses will develop at least one tumour if they live long enough. Dermal melanoma and dermal melanomatosis are histologically identical, but dermal melanoma can present as either isolated single or multiple discreet lesions, while dermal melanomatosis presents as multiple coalescing lesions. These tumours are slow growing and have a predilection for the base of the tail, perineum, prepuce, parotid salivary gland and commissures of the lips. This report describes 980‐nm diode laser photothermal ablation as a non‐invasive treatment for equine dermal melanoma.ObjectivesTo report the results of a series of horses that underwent laser photothermal ablation of equine dermal melanomas with a 980‐nm diode therapy laser.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsHorses were sedated for a standing procedure and restrained in stocks. A thermocouple needle was inserted deep to/into each lesion and the laser was applied either in contact or non‐contact fashion at 4–6 watts until a temperature of 50°C was reached. Masses that were significantly thicker than 1 cm had thermocouple needles placed at multiple levels. After 1 month, treatment sites were re‐evaluated. Lesions in which the planned treatment and follow‐up were completed were included.ResultsFifty‐one individual melanomas in seven horses were included. Fifty lesions were classified as ‘Complete Response’ (CR). One thicker lesion had a ‘Partial Response’ (PR) but there was CR to the depth that temperature was reached.Main limitationsOnly tumours approximating 1 cm in thickness are practical.ConclusionsLaser photothermal ablation using a 980‐nm therapy laser is a practical, non‐invasive and readily available modality for treating smaller equine dermal melanomas. Thickness rather than surface area is the main limitation for a single application.
Northeast Arctic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) spawning grounds and drift to nursery areas in the Barents Sea
Authors: Johannesen Edda , Frøysa Håvard Guldbrandsen , Langangen Øystein , Vikebø Frode Bendiksen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Northeast Arctic stock of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is the most northerly stock of the species. It is one of the largest haddock stocks but not the most studied. Similar to the more extensively studied sympatric cod (Gadus morhua) and herring (Clupea harengus) stocks, it relies on Atlantic currents for egg and larvae transportation from spawning grounds to nursery areas in the Barents Sea. The exact locations of the spawning grounds have not been known and the maps that have been published differ substantially. Here, we present results from the first survey dedicated to exploring the spawning habitat of Northeast Arctic (NEA) haddock, and a particle drift and larvae growth model with physical forcing from a high‐resolution ocean model. Gadoid eggs, later identified as haddock by DNA analyses, as well as spawning individuals were sampled at the survey. Spawning haddock was found in Atlantic water in temperatures 3.6–6.2°C and depths of 240–560 m. Sampled eggs were mostly in early development stages, suggesting that they were largely spawned in the surveyed area. Using the drift model, we found that most of the modelled particles released as eggs at our surveyed area ended up in the nursery area in the Barents Sea. A crude estimate of the spawning stock biomass based on the survey suggests that the most updated spawning ground map of NEA haddock might be too restricted in its extent. Particle drift and growth with physical forcing for the years 2012–2022 indicated small interannual variation in aberrant drift, and that growth driven by ambient temperature could be important in explaining interannual variation in haddock recruitment.
Diagnosis and management of factor XI alloinhibitors in patients with congenital factor XI deficiency—A large single‐centre experience
Authors: Kamel Kirollos Salah , Riddell Anne , Jradeh Bilal , Jaslowska Ewa , Gomez Keith 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionFactor (F) XI deficiency is an inherited bleeding disorder with increased prevalence in Ashkenazi Jews where it is mainly caused by two variants, p.Glu135* (type II, leading to a null allele) and p.Phe301Leu (type III, missense variant). Inhibitor development is rare, and only seen in severe FXI deficiency (<20 IU/dL) upon exposure to plasma‐based products. We report our experience of a large cohort of patients with severe FXI deficiency, including seven patients who developed FXI alloinhibitors, their presentation, natural history and subsequent perioperative management.MethodsA single‐centre retrospective database review of patients with FXI deficiency, including those who have subsequently developed inhibitors, and extraction of clinical, laboratory and genotype data, including operative management records.ResultsA total of 682 patients were identified with FXI deficiency, of whom 113 had FXI < 20 IU/dL and 42 had FXI ≤ 1 IU/dL. Factor XI inhibitors were seen in seven patients, six of whom were homozygous for the type II variant (prevalence of inhibitor with this genotype of 30%, risk of inhibitor upon plasma exposure 50%). FXI inhibitors were not seen, despite similar exposures, in patients with other genotypes. No alteration in bleeding phenotype occurred after inhibitor development and subsequent surgery was managed on 13 occasions with recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa), including low doses (15–30 µg/kg), with good haemostasis. The inhibitor spontaneously disappeared in four of seven patients over 1–22 years.ConclusionFXI inhibitors were only observed in severe FXI deficient patients homozygous for p.Glu135* (null allele) upon plasma or FXI concentrate exposure, with a 30% prevalence. The bleeding phenotype was not altered and inhibitors may disappear with time. Adequate haemostasis in the perioperative setting is achievable with low doses of rFVIIa.
Investigating the relationship between individualized care, patient satisfaction and trust in nurses through structural equation modelling
Authors: Bilenler Zeynep Kevser , Ates Sebahat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionsThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the impact of individualized nursing care on patient satisfaction and trust in nurses through structural equation modelling in patients receiving treatment in internal clinics.MethodsThe study is a descriptive, exploratory and cross‐sectional research conducted with patients receiving treatment in the internal admission services of an educational research hospital between January and April 2023. According to sample calculations, it was determined that a minimum of 238 patients needed to be included in the study, and 286 patients who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the research formed the study sample. Data were collected using the ‘Patient Identification Form’, ‘Individualized Care Scale‐Patient Version’, ‘Newcastle Nursing Care Satisfaction Scale’ and the ‘Trust in Nurses Scale’.ResultsThe level of awareness of nursing actions supporting individuality was found to be 2.71 ± 0.99, the level of perceiving individuality was 2.88 ± 0.99, the average level of nursing care satisfaction measured 77.17 ± 12.67 and the average level of trust in nurses was 21.92 ± 3.04. It was determined that as patients' awareness of nursing actions supporting individuality and their perception of individuality in care increased, they remained more satisfied with their care and had greater trust in nurses.ConclusionsPatients who perceived receiving individualized care were found to have higher levels of patient satisfaction and trust in nurses. Additionally, it was observed that as participants' satisfaction with their care increased, their trust in nurses also increased.