bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of MRI radiomic feature normalization for prognostic modelling in uterine endometrial and cervical cancers
Authors: Hodneland Erlend , Andersen Erling , Wagner-Larsen Kari S. , Dybvik Julie A. , Lura Njål , Fasmer Kristine E. , Halle Mari K. , Krakstad Camilla , Haldorsen Ingfrid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWidespread clinical use of MRI radiomic tumor profiling for prognostication and treatment planning in cancers faces major obstacles due to limitations in standardization of radiomic features. The purpose of the current work was to assess the impact of different MRI scanning- and normalization protocols for the statistical analyses of tumor radiomic data in two patient cohorts with uterine endometrial-(EC) (n = 136) and cervical (CC) (n = 132) cancer. 1.5 T and 3 T, T1-weighted MRI 2 min post-contrast injection, T2-weighted turbo spin echo imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging were acquired. Radiomic features were extracted from within manually segmented tumors in 3D and normalized either using z-score normalization or a linear regression model (LRM) accounting for linear dependencies with MRI acquisition parameters. Patients were clustered into two groups based on radiomic profile. Impact of MRI scanning parameters on cluster composition and prognostication were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis tests, Kaplan–Meier plots, log-rank test, random survival forests and LASSO Cox regression with time-dependent area under curve (tdAUC) (α = 0.05). A large proportion of the radiomic features was statistically associated with MRI scanning protocol in both cohorts (EC: 162/385 [42%]; CC: 180/292 [62%]). A substantial number of EC (49/136 [36%]) and CC (50/132 [38%]) patients changed cluster when clustering was performed after z-score-versus LRM normalization. Prognostic modeling based on cluster groups yielded similar outputs for the two normalization methods in the EC/CC cohorts (log-rank test; z-score: p = 0.02/0.33; LRM: p = 0.01/0.45). Mean tdAUC for prognostic modeling of disease-specific survival (DSS) by the radiomic features in EC/CC was similar for the two normalization methods (random survival forests; z-score: mean tdAUC = 0.77/0.78; LRM: mean tdAUC = 0.80/0.75; LASSO Cox; z-score: mean tdAUC = 0.64/0.76; LRM: mean tdAUC = 0.76/0.75). Severe biases in tumor radiomics data due to MRI scanning parameters exist. Z-score normalization does not eliminate these biases, whereas LRM normalization effectively does. Still, radiomic cluster groups after z-score- and LRM normalization were similarly associated with DSS in EC and CC patients.
Enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction activity through samarium-doped nickel phosphide (Ni2P) electrocatalyst
Authors: Shahroudi Ali , Habibzadeh Sajjad 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydrogen evolution reaction (HER) stands out among conventional hydrogen production processes by featuring excellent advantages. However, the uncompetitive production cost due to the low energy efficiency has hindered its development, necessitating the introduction of cost-effective electrocatalysts. In this study, we introduced samarium doping as a high-potential approach to improve the electrocatalytic properties of nickel phosphide (Ni2P) for efficient HER. Samarium-doped Ni2P was synthesized via a facile two-step vapor–solid reaction technique. Different physical and electrochemical analyses showed that samarium doping significantly improved pure Ni2P characteristics, such as particle size, specific surface area, electrochemical hydrogen adsorption, intrinsic activity, electrochemical active surface area, and charge transfer ability in favor of HER. Namely, Ni2P doped with 3%mol of samarium (Sm0.03Ni2P) with a Tafel slope of 67.8 mV/dec. and overpotential of 130.6 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 in 1.0 M KOH solution exhibited a notable performance, suggesting Sm0.03Ni2P and samarium doping as a remarkable electrocatalyst and promising promoter for efficient HER process, respectively.
Identification of force chains in wet coal dust layer and the effect of porosity on three-body contact stiffness
Authors: Yang Xinwei , Wu Dongxuan , Bai Yangxi , Chen Hongyue , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAiming at the three-body contact problem of mechanical rough surface containing wet coal dust interface, the three-body contact model of rough surface containing wet coal dust interface is constructed by comprehensively considering the contact deformation of rough surface and contact characteristics of wet coal dust, and based on the crushing theory. By analysing the contact force, load-bearing particle size and adjacent contact angle thresholds of the wet coal dust layer, the force chain identification criterion is formulated. Finally, quantitative calculations of the force chain characteristics are performed to reveal the effect of different initial porosities on the three-body contact stiffness, which is verified experimentally. The results of the study show that the average contact force of the wet coal dust layer can be used as the force chain contact force threshold, the average particle size can be used as the force chain particle size threshold, and the force chain angle threshold is determined by the particle coordination number. As the initial porosity decreases, the number, length and stiffness of force chains in the wet coal dust layer increase significantly, and the stiffness reaches a maximum value of 2.007 × 108 pa/m at the moment of downward pressure to stabilisation, while the trend of force chain bending varies in the opposite direction, and its minimum bending degree decreases to 20°. The maximum relative error between the simulation and experimental results of three-body contact stiffness is 9.64%, which proves the accuracy of the force chain identification criterion and the quantitative calculation of three-body contact stiffness by force chain.
MEDT analysis of mechanism and selectivities in non-catalyzed and lewis acid-catalyzed diels–alder reactions between R-carvone and isoprene
Authors: Idrissi Khadija El , Abdoul-Hakim Mohamed , Saleh Na’il , Garmes Hocine , Syed Asad , Ríos-Gutiérrez Mar , Paray Bilal Ahamad , Verma Meenakshi , Zeroual Abdellah , Domingo Luis R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWithin the context of Molecular Electronic Density Theory (MEDT), this study investigates the Diels–Alder reaction among isoprene (2) and R-carvone (1R) applying DFT simulations, with and without Lewis acid (LA) catalysis. The results show that carvone (1R) acts as an electrophile and isoprene (2) as a nucleophile in a polar process. LA catalysis increases the electrophilicity of carvone, thereby improving the reactivity and selectivity of the reaction by reducing the activation Gibbs free energy. Parr functions reveal that the C5=C6 double bond is more reactive than the C9=C10 double bond, indicating chemoselectivity. The examination of the Electron Localization Function (ELF) reveals high regio- and stereoselectivity, indicating an asynchronous mechanism for the LA-catalyzed DA reaction. Furthermore, it is suggested that cycloadduct 3 has great anti-HIV potential because it exhibits lower binding energies than azidothymidine (AZT) in the docking studies of cycloadducts 3 and 4 amongst a primary HIV-1protein (1A8O plus 5W4Q).
T4 DNA polymerase prevents deleterious on-target DNA damage and enhances precise CRISPR editing
Authors: Yang Qiaoyan , Abebe Jonathan S , Mai Michelle , Rudy Gabriella , Kim Sang Y , Devinsky Orrin , Long Chengzu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnintended on-target chromosomal alterations induced by CRISPR/Cas9 in mammalian cells are common, particularly large deletions and chromosomal translocations, and present a safety challenge for genome editing. Thus, there is still an unmet need to develop safer and more efficient editing tools. We screened diverse DNA polymerases of distinct origins and identified a T4 DNA polymerase derived from phage T4 that strongly prevents undesired on-target damage while increasing the proportion of precise 1- to 2-base-pair insertions generated during CRISPR/Cas9 editing (termed CasPlus). CasPlus induced substantially fewer on-target large deletions while increasing the efficiency of correcting common frameshift mutations in DMD and restored higher level of dystrophin expression than Cas9-alone in human cardiomyocytes. Moreover, CasPlus greatly reduced the frequency of on-target large deletions during mouse germline editing. In multiplexed guide RNAs mediating gene editing, CasPlus repressed chromosomal translocations while maintaining gene disruption efficiency that was higher or comparable to Cas9 in primary human T cells. Therefore, CasPlus offers a safer and more efficient gene editing strategy to treat pathogenic variants or to introduce genetic modifications in human applications.
CMG helicase disassembly is essential and driven by two pathways in budding yeast
Authors: Polo Rivera Cristian , Deegan Tom D , Labib Karim P M 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe CMG helicase is the stable core of the eukaryotic replisome and is ubiquitylated and disassembled during DNA replication termination. Fungi and animals use different enzymes to ubiquitylate the Mcm7 subunit of CMG, suggesting that CMG ubiquitylation arose repeatedly during eukaryotic evolution. Until now, it was unclear whether cells also have ubiquitin-independent pathways for helicase disassembly and whether CMG disassembly is essential for cell viability. Using reconstituted assays with budding yeast CMG, we generated the mcm7-10R allele that compromises ubiquitylation by SCFDia2. mcm7-10R delays helicase disassembly in vivo, driving genome instability in the next cell cycle. These data indicate that defective CMG ubiquitylation explains the major phenotypes of cells lacking Dia2. Notably, the viability of mcm7-10R and dia2∆ is dependent upon the related Rrm3 and Pif1 DNA helicases that have orthologues in all eukaryotes. We show that Rrm3 acts during S-phase to disassemble old CMG complexes from the previous cell cycle. These findings indicate that CMG disassembly is essential in yeast cells and suggest that Pif1-family helicases might have mediated CMG disassembly in ancestral eukaryotes.
A common mechanism for recruiting the Rrm3 and RTEL1 accessory helicases to the eukaryotic replisome
Authors: Olson Ottavia , Pelliciari Simone , Heron Emma D , Deegan Tom D 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe eukaryotic replisome is assembled around the CMG (CDC45-MCM-GINS) replicative helicase, which encircles the leading-strand DNA template at replication forks. When CMG stalls during DNA replication termination, or at barriers such as DNA-protein crosslinks on the leading strand template, a second helicase is deployed on the lagging strand template to support replisome progression. How these ‘accessory’ helicases are targeted to the replisome to mediate barrier bypass and replication termination remains unknown. Here, by combining AlphaFold structural modelling with experimental validation, we show that the budding yeast Rrm3 accessory helicase contains two Short Linear Interaction Motifs (SLIMs) in its disordered N-terminus, which interact with CMG and the leading-strand DNA polymerase Polε on one side of the replisome. This flexible tether positions Rrm3 adjacent to the lagging strand template on which it translocates, and is critical for replication termination in vitro and Rrm3 function in vivo. The primary accessory helicase in metazoa, RTEL1, is evolutionarily unrelated to Rrm3, but binds to CMG and Polε in an analogous manner, revealing a conserved docking mechanism for accessory helicases in the eukaryotic replisome.
Dengue virus preferentially uses human and mosquito non-optimal codons
Authors: Castellano Luciana A , McNamara Ryan J , Pallarés Horacio M , Gamarnik Andrea V , Alvarez Diego E , Bazzini Ariel A 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCodon optimality refers to the effect that codon composition has on messenger RNA (mRNA) stability and translation level and implies that synonymous codons are not silent from a regulatory point of view. Here, we investigated the adaptation of virus genomes to the host optimality code using mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV) as a model. We demonstrated that codon optimality exists in mosquito cells and showed that DENV preferentially uses nonoptimal (destabilizing) codons and avoids codons that are defined as optimal (stabilizing) in either human or mosquito cells. Human genes enriched in the codons preferentially and frequently used by DENV are upregulated during infection, and so is the tRNA decoding the nonoptimal and DENV preferentially used codon for arginine. We found that adaptation during single-host passaging in human or mosquito cells results in the selection of synonymous mutations towards DENV’s preferred nonoptimal codons that increase virus fitness. Finally, our analyses revealed that hundreds of viruses preferentially use nonoptimal codons, with those infecting a single host displaying an even stronger bias, suggesting that host–pathogen interaction shapes virus-synonymous codon choice.
A highly efficient in situ redox stabilization strategy for Am–Cm separation using AgBiO3
Authors: Verma Parveen K. , Bhattacharyya Arunasis , Samanta Soumen , Mohapatra Prasanta K. 
Published: July 2024

AgBiO3 is reported for the exclusive oxidation of Am3+ → AmO2+ at near-neutral pH conditions at 25 °C. Single-contact Am–Eu and Am–Cm separation with a S.F. >104 was achieved, which is unprecedented in aqueous feed solutions.
Genetics of MDH in humans
Authors: Haberman Adam , Peterson Celeste N. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) performs key roles in metabolism, but little is known about its function specifically in human health and disease. In this minireview, we describe the incomplete state of our knowledge of human MDH genetics. Humans have three MDH genes with a total of four validated isoforms. MDH1 and MDH2 are widely expressed, while MDH1B is only expressed in a small subset of tissues. Many mutations in MDH1 and MDH2 have been identified in patients, but only a few have been studied to determine what symptoms they cause. MDH1 has been associated with cancer and a neurodevelopmental disorder. MDH2 has been associated with diabetes, neurodevelopmental disorders, and cancer.
Navigating the Future of Organisational Health Services
Research in Germany and beyond: a Position Paper
Authors: Ansmann Lena , Nöst Stefan , Körner Mirjam , Auschra Carolin , Bal Roland , Böddeker Marina , Bode Ingo , Braithwaite Jeffrey , Breidenbach Clara , Coors Marie , Demirer Ibrahim , Exworthy Mark , Harst Lorenz , Heuser Christian , Hoffmann Julia , Köberlein-Neu Juliane , Krajic Karl , Maniatopoulos Gregory , Mannion Russell , Möhler Ralph , Pfaff Holger , Rieger Monika A , Rind Esther , Helge Schnack M. A. , Anke Wagner M. A. , Weigl Matthias , Wensing Michel , Wiig Siri , Wild Eva , Wilhelm Hendrik , Wirtz Markus , Götz Katja 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Jüngste Analysen zeigen, dass Versorgungsorganisationen in der
Versorgungsforschung in Deutschland häufig in erster Linie als Studiensetting
betrachtet werden, ohne deren komplexen organisationalen Charakter in vollem
Umfang zu berücksichtigen, weder theoretisch noch methodisch. Daher wurde eine
Initiative gestartet, um den Stand der organisationsbezogenen
Versorgungsforschung (OVF) in Deutschland zu analysieren und einen strategischen
Rahmen und eine Roadmap zu entwickeln, die zukünftige Bemühungen in diesem
Bereich leiten können. Der vorliegende Artikel fasst Positionen zusammen, die
von wissenschaftlichen Expert*innen aus verschiedenen Disziplinen und Ländern
gemeinsam entwickelt wurden.
Methoden Im Juli 2023 wurde ein dreitägiger Scoping-Workshop mit 32
(inter)nationalen Expert*innen aus verschiedenen Forschungsbereichen mit Bezug
zu OVF-Themen unter Nutzung interaktiver Workshop-Methoden durchgeführt. Die
Teilnehmenden diskutierten ihre Perspektiven auf OVF, analysierten aktuelle
Herausforderungen in der OVF in Deutschland und entwickelten zentrale Positionen
für die Entwicklung des Forschungsbereichs.
Ergebnisse Die sieben zentralen Positionen betrafen sowohl konzeptuelle
als auch strategische Aspekte. Die Weiterentwicklung von OVF erfordert die
Entwicklung einer Forschungsagenda, die zukünftige Bemühungen leiten kann. Auf
konzeptueller Ebene müssen Herausforderungen in Bezug auf Interdisziplinarität,
Terminologie, Organisation(en) als Forschungsgegenstand, international
vergleichende Forschung und die Nutzung von Organisationstheorie adressiert
werden. Auf strategischer Ebene wurden Anforderungen an die Lehre, die Förderung
der interdisziplinären und internationalen Zusammenarbeit, geeignete
Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten und partizipative Forschung identifiziert.
Schlussfolgerung Das Positionspapier soll als Rahmen zur Unterstützung der
weiteren Entwicklung der OVF in Deutschland und als Leitfaden für Forscher*innen
und Förderorganisationen dienen, die die OVF voranbringen möchten. Einige der
für die deutsche OVF diskutierten Herausforderungen existieren auch in anderen
Ländern. Daher kann dieses Positionspapier genutzt werden, um fruchtbare
Diskussionen in anderen Ländern zu initiieren.
Unveiling the Impact of Three-Dimensional Technology on Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Werathammo Methini , Seresirikachorn Kachorn , Charoenlux Prapitphan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of three-dimensional (3D) technology on preoperative evaluation for rhinoplasty.A systematic search was conducted on Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. Studies that utilized 3D technology in preoperative assessment for rhinoplasty were included. The primary outcome was surgeon and patient satisfaction. The secondary outcomes included nasal function, cost-efficiency, reoperation rate, precision, and surgical time.Twelve studies (595 patients) were included. Surgeons reported higher satisfaction with 3D approaches based on precision and postoperative results. Patients expressed satisfaction with the 3D approaches due to a better understanding of the procedure and the ability to discuss with the surgeons planning the procedure and participating in postoperative design. The 3D approaches demonstrated higher surgeon satisfaction (mean difference −0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.20 to −0.06, p = 0.0002), particularly in revision cases, and provided higher precision compared with the two-dimensional (2D) approaches. However, 3D technology was more expensive and not cost-efficient. There were no significant differences in reoperation rate (odds ratio 0.16, 95% CI 0.02–1.36, p = 0.09) and surgical time. Postoperative nasal function showed inconsistent results.3D technology offered higher surgeon satisfaction and increased precision compared with 2D imaging. However, 3D imaging was expensive and not cost-efficient. Reoperation rate and surgical time were comparable, while postoperative nasal function outcomes showed inconsistent results.
Synthesis of Diarylpyrrole Pseudo-Natural Products: Cyanide-Mediated Nitrile-to-Nitrile Cyclocondensation and C–H Acidity-Guided Regioselectivity
Authors: Singha Debanjan , Kundu Tanmay , Acharya Ayan , Guchhait Sankar K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPseudo-natural products (pseudo-NPs), the chemically reengineered molecular skeletons generated by the deconstruction of NPs into fragments and their subsequent recombination, have gained immense attention in recent times owing to their ability to occupy a significant portion of the medicinally relevant NP-based molecular space, their possession of novel bioactivities, and their ability to address chemical and biological challenges. In this study, the reassembly of fragments of combretastatin, steganacin, podophyllotoxin, colchicine, and other natural products and drug molecules by a cis-lock fusion-edge recombination led to the generation of diarylpyrrole pseudo-NP-functionalized skeletons, named combretapyrroles. These combretapyrroles were synthesized with excellent substrate scope in good yields by a new cyanide-mediated nitrile-to-nitrile cycloaddition reaction of a vic-dinitrile combined with 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine-mediated desilylative cleavage of TMSCN and in situ generation of cyanide. The differential acidity of the benzylic C–H moieties of the vic-dinitrile intermediate was found to influence regioselectivity in the mechanistic pathway and to provide different products. A cheminformatic analysis showed that the combretapyrroles occupy a unique drug-relevant chemical space that is rarely covered by NPs. Combretapyrroles also were found to possess drug-like physicochemical properties.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum in a Fetus at 22 Weeks: Role of MRI Based Scoring and MR Tractography in Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Ghonge Nitin P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA 32 year old woman at 22 weeks gestation underwent fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after an ultrasound detected corpus callosum agenesis. MRI confirmed complete agenesis and showed an enlarged left temporal lobe, moderate ventriculomegaly, and abnormal hippocampal orientation. The fetal MRI scoring system indicated a poor prognosis. MR tractography revealed abnormal neuronal connections. Parents were counseled and the pregnancy was terminated due to poor prognosis. This case highlights the value of fetal MRI and tractography in assessing agenesis of the corpus callosum and guiding clinical decisions.
The evolution of cultural diversity in Pama-Nyungan Australia
Authors: Learmouth Duncan , Layton Robert. H. , Tehrani Jamshid. J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExplaining the processes that produce cultural diversity has long been a focus of anthropological study. Whilst linguistic diversity has frequently been shown to be associated with population splitting during migrations, much less is known about the influence of migration patterns on other forms of culture. Here we compare variation between different cultural types to understand whether their diversity might also be a consequence of historic population change. For our case study, we developed a dataset of 90 cultural traits recorded across around 100 societies in Pama-Nyungan Australia focusing on three cultural forms important in Australian life: adolescent initiation, mortuary practice and rock art motifs. Trait diversity was analysed using phylogenetic methods and compared with language diversity since previous studies have suggested an association between Pama-Nyungan language evolution and population dispersal. We were able to demonstrate a strong association between the phylogenetic history of language and initiation ritual but not between language and mortuary ritual or rock motifs. The finding suggests population migration may have had a significant influence on initiation ritual diversity. It also lends support to the idea, as suggested by some authors, that the development of complex initiation practices may have played an active role in the dispersal of Pama-Nyungan speakers throughout the Australian continent. Our study results suggest that the type of phylogenetic comparative approach applied here can make an important contribution to the reconstruction of deep cultural history over long timescales.