bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effect of statin use on the acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon maintenance dose
Authors: van Schie Rianne M.F. , Verhoef Talitha I. , Boejharat Saskia B. , Schalekamp Tom , Wessels Judith A.M. , le Cessie Saskia , Rosendaal Frits R. , van der Meer Felix J.M. , de Boer Anthonius , Maitland-van der Zee Anke-Hilse 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background: Statins and coumarins are prescribed in combination on a regular basis. Some case reports suggested that statins might affect the dose requirements of coumarins. The aim of the study was to investigate whether acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon maintenance doses are influenced by statin use.

Methods: The Pre-EU-PACT database was used, which contains information on 471 acenocoumarol and 624 phenprocoumon users. The influence of individual statins on the acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon maintenance dose was investigated by comparing unadjusted and adjusted mean differences of the maintenance dose between statin and non-statin users.

Results: Lower adjusted acenocoumarol dose requirements were observed for patients using atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin. These patients had a reduction in adjusted mean acenocoumarol maintenance dose of 0.11, 0.29, 0.38, and 0.69 mg/day, respectively, compared with a mean adjusted dose of 2.60 mg/day for the patients not using a statin. There was no significant effect of statin use on unadjusted and adjusted phenprocoumon maintenance dose (p=0.23 and p=0.35, respectively).

Conclusions: Mean acenocoumarol maintenance dosages were decreased when acenocoumarol is co-administered with the different statins. Statin use does not affect phenprocoumon maintenance doses significantly.
Sorption isotherms of thermally modified wood
Authors: Olek Wiesław , Majka Jerzy , Czajkowski Łukasz 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The hygroscopic properties of thermally modified wood have been studied in terms of adsorption and desorption processes. Poplar (Populus spp.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) were in focus. The obtained isotherms were parameterized with the models of Hailwood-Horrobin, Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer, generalized D’Arcy and Watt, and Yanniotis and Blahovec. The changes in equilibrium moisture content (EMC) were quantified, and the accessibility of water vapor to the sorption sites was determined. The monolayer and multilayer sorption was studied and the sorption isotherms were classified. All sorption isotherms were type II, and the type was not changed after the modification. The monolayer sorption was found to be responsible for the reduction in EMC after thermal modification. The observed increase in the hysteresis coefficient was explained by the reorganization of the wood ultrastructure.
Adult separation anxiety during pregnancy and its relationship to depression and anxiety
Authors: Eapen Valsamma , Johnston Deborah , Apler Alex , Rees Susan , Silove Derrick M. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Aims: The current study, the first of its kind, investigated the overlap between adult separation anxiety (ASA) and the symptoms of depression and anxiety in the context of pregnancy.

Methods: Women attending an antenatal clinic were screened using the Adult Separation Anxiety Scale (ASA-27). As most perinatal clinics use the Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS), this study explored the relationship between ASA and the anxiety and depression symptoms by comparing the ASA-27 scores with the scores on the EDS. A subsample including both screen positives and screen negatives on ASA-27 was clinically interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).

Results: Women with ASA were significantly more likely to be screened positive for depression (EDS total score) and anxiety (EDS-3A anxiety subscale) than those without ASA. The diagnosis of ASA disorder in this population had only a moderate but significant association with the diagnoses of generalized anxiety disorder [χ2(1)=25.9, P=0.000, Φ=0.443] and major depression [χ2(1)=16, P=0.000, Φ=0.348] made using the MINI.

Conclusion: Adult separation anxiety warrants independent assessment in order to tailor appropriate interventions for the individual subtypes of anxiety in the perinatal period.
Medical Errors in US Pediatric Inpatients With Chronic Conditions
Authors: Ahuja Namrata , Zhao Weiyan , Xiang Huiyun 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between chronic conditions and iatrogenic medical errors in US pediatric inpatients.METHODS:The 2006 Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) was analyzed. Medical errors were defined by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes. Medical error rates per 100 hospital discharges and per 1000 inpatient days were calculated. Logistic regression models were fitted to study the association between number of chronic conditions and medical errors, controlling for patient characteristics, hospital characteristics, disease severity, and length of stay.RESULTS:In the 2006 KID, 22.3% of pediatric inpatients had 1 chronic condition, 9.8% had 2 chronic conditions, and 12.0% had ≥3 chronic conditions. The overall medical error rate per 100 discharges was 3.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.8–3.3); it was 5.3 (95% CI: 4.9–5.7) in children with chronic conditions and 1.3 (95% CI: 1.2–1.3) in children without chronic conditions. The medical error rate per 1000 inpatient days was also higher in children with chronic conditions. The association between chronic conditions and medical errors remained statistically significant in logistic regression models adjusting for patient characteristics, hospital characteristics, disease severity, and length of stay. In the adjusted model, the odds ratio of medical errors for children with 1 chronic condition was 1.40 (95% CI: 1.32–1.48); for children with 2 conditions, the OR was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.45–1.66); and for children with 3 conditions, the OR was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.53–1.81).CONCLUSIONS:The number of chronic conditions was significantly associated with iatrogenic medical errors in pediatric inpatients.
Five-Year Follow-up of Harms and Benefits of Behavioral Infant Sleep Intervention: Randomized Trial
Authors: Price Anna M.H. , Wake Melissa , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Hiscock Harriet 
Published: September 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Randomized trials have demonstrated the short- to medium-term effectiveness of behavioral infant sleep interventions. However, concerns persist that they may harm children’s emotional development and subsequent mental health. This study aimed to determine long-term harms and/or benefits of an infant behavioral sleep program at age 6 years on (1) child, (2) child-parent, and (3) maternal outcomes.

METHODS:
Three hundred twenty-six children (173 intervention) with parent-reported sleep problems at age 7 months were selected from a population sample of 692 infants recruited from well-child centers. The study was a 5-year follow-up of a population-based cluster-randomized trial. Allocation was concealed and researchers (but not parents) were blinded to group allocation. Behavioral techniques were delivered over 1 to 3 individual nurse consultations at infant age 8 to 10 months, versus usual care. The main outcomes measured were (1) child mental health, sleep, psychosocial functioning, stress regulation; (2) child-parent relationship; and (3) maternal mental health and parenting styles.

RESULTS:
Two hundred twenty-five families (69%) participated. There was no evidence of differences between intervention and control families for any outcome, including (1) children’s emotional (P = .8) and conduct behavior scores (P = .6), sleep problems (9% vs 7%, P = .2), sleep habits score (P = .4), parent- (P = .7) and child-reported (P = .8) psychosocial functioning, chronic stress (29% vs 22%, P = .4); (2) child-parent closeness (P = .1) and conflict (P = .4), global relationship (P = .9), disinhibited attachment (P = .3); and (3) parent depression, anxiety, and stress scores (P = .9) or authoritative parenting (63% vs 59%, P = .5).

CONCLUSIONS:
Behavioral sleep techniques have no marked long-lasting effects (positive or negative). Parents and health professionals can confidently use these techniques to reduce the short- to medium-term burden of infant sleep problems and maternal depression.
Pediatric Residency Training Director Tobacco Survey II
Authors: Hymowitz Norman , Schwab Joseph V. 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the current status of pediatric residency training on tobacco use and smoke exposure.

METHODS:
A nationwide survey of all pediatric residency training directors in the United States was conducted from November 2010 to May 2011 via use of surveymonkey.com. The survey assessed training director characteristics, attitudes and beliefs about pediatricians’ role in addressing tobacco control in patients and parents, past training in tobacco use and smoke exposure, inclusion of tobacco control in their training curriculum, and barriers to inclusion. Data are presented as percentages, with χ2 tests of significance.

RESULTS:
Sixty-five percent of programs included tobacco control in the curriculum, and training directors who received past training in tobacco prevention and control were significantly more likely to include tobacco use and smoke exposure than those without training. The vast majority of training programs focused on health effects as opposed to intervention, failed to employ active learning to teach tobacco intervention skills, did not evaluate resident tobacco knowledge and skills, and did not encourage use of medications to help parents quit smoking.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pediatric residency training programs must do more to prepare residents to address tobacco use and smoke exposure. Given the many competing priorities of residency training, there is a need to explore new ways of integrating tobacco control into the 3-year curriculum.
Decline in Gastroenteritis-Related Triage Calls After Rotavirus Vaccine Licensure
Authors: Williams Derek J. , Edwards Kathryn M. , Payne Daniel C. , Manning Judith , Parashar Umesh D. , Lopman Benjamin A. 
Published: September 2012

OBJECTIVE:
We sought to determine the impact of rotavirus vaccine implementation on gastroenteritis (GE)-related calls to a large telephone triage service in Tennessee.

METHODS:
Total and GE-related calls received by the Vanderbilt Telephone Triage Program for children &lt;5 years of age were examined from May 1, 2004 to April 30, 2010. Time series adapted Poisson regression models were used to compare weekly GE-related call proportions between the prevaccine (May 2004 to April 2007) and postlicensure (May 2007 to April 2010) periods. Separate models compared GE-related call proportions in the historical rotavirus (February to April) and nonrotavirus (May to January) seasons. Associations between call data and laboratory-confirmed rotavirus detections and regionally reported norovirus activity were also assessed.

RESULTS:
There were 156 362 total calls and 19 731 GE-related calls. Annual GE-related call proportions declined by 8% (95% confidence interval, 3%–12%) in the postlicensure period; declines ranging from 23% to 31% occurred during the historical rotavirus season in all 3 postlicensure years. No declines occurred in the nonrotavirus season. After vaccine licensure, reductions in laboratory-confirmed rotavirus activity were associated with declines in GE-related call proportions. Peak GE-related call proportions in the postlicensure period occurred earlier than in prevaccine years and were not strongly associated with laboratory-confirmed rotavirus but instead showed good correlation with norovirus outbreaks.

CONCLUSIONS:
A decline in GE-related call proportions among young children after rotavirus vaccine licensure was documented by using a novel surveillance platform that captures mild GE not detected in other surveillance systems. Since rotavirus vaccine licensure, peak call proportions correlate with regional norovirus activity, highlighting the role of that pathogen in community GE.
Resident Work Hour Changes in Children’s Hospitals: Impact on Staffing Patterns and Workforce Needs
Authors: Freed Gary L. , Dunham Kelly M. , Moran Lauren M. , Spera Laura 
Published: September 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Changes to the structure and nature of resident duty hour assignments can create compensatory workforce needs in hospital or outpatient settings to ensure appropriate patient care. The objective of this study was to understand what, if any, adjustments children’s hospitals have made in staffing and assignments of specific duties during the past 2 years as a result of residency duty hour changes, and what changes are anticipated in the upcoming 2 years.

METHODS:
Mail survey to chief executive officers and chief operating officers of 114 freestanding children’s hospitals or children’s hospitals within a larger hospital.

RESULTS:
Response rate was 65.4%. Respondents from more than half of hospitals (57%, N = 36) reported increasing the overall full-time equivalent (FTE) of hospitalists in response to the 2011 resident work hour changes. Forty-eight percent (N = 30) increased the overall FTE of pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs), and 42% (N = 27) increased the FTE of neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs). Most hospitals plan to increase the number of hospitalists (69%, N = 44), PNPs (59%, N = 37), or pediatric attending physicians (56%, N = 35) over the next 2 years. Forty-three percent (N = 27) of hospitals plan to increase the number of NNPs over the next 2 years, and a quarter plan to increase physician assistants (25%, N = 16) or pediatric house staff (24%, N = 15).

CONCLUSIONS:
Changes in work hours for pediatric residents appear to have an impact on workforce planning within pediatric hospitals. Decreases in available resident work hours will create an increasing demand, primarily for nonresident physicians, PNPs, and NNPs.
Workover and Completion Operations in East Java Sour Gas Field, Indonesia
Authors: Haris A. , Purwanto B. , Sasongko D. , Darmawan G. R. , Yulianto I. , Soekmono O. , Kurniawan P. , Susilo S. D. , Kurniawan S. , Mailangkay L. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Nowadays many exploration and production companies have high interest in producing deep, high pressure gas reservoirs that contain sour gas. Carbonates in East Java, Indonesia faced challenges related to workover and completion operations that are prone to kick-loss cycles based on the drilling experiences.
The presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the formation made the completion operation dangerous and difficult to be carried out in the field where is adjacent to a populated area, thereby increasing the requirement and need to prevent the release of sour gases during completion operations.
Well completion design with consideration of sour gas kick and the requirement of Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) tubular running procedure to comply with health, safety and environment (HSE), have increased the complexity of operation.
This paper explains the brief completion design considerations, operations in the field, and how these operations could be performed safely.
Addressing and managing reliance and potential impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services of Oil & Gas global operations
Authors: Palliggiano Diana , Baizhigitova Assel , Pavanel Elena , Marconi Michèle , Howard Pippa , Reed Timothy , Sali Jason , Pedroni Paola M. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
eni is committed to operating beyond compliance for biodiversity conservation and the retention of functional ecosystems in all areas and phases of the project lifecycle. In exploration and production (e&p) terms, this means the systematic recognition and integration of biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES) management into all site operations globally, taking into account local circumstances, international best practices and newly adopted concepts.
This requires understanding how onshore and offshore activities interact with different environments (e.g. forests, deserts, deep water) through science-based assessments that take full account of BES values for company operations and local communities. These enable the detection, measurement and management, through targeted action planning, of an operation's reliance and potential impacts on BES. Outcomes are incorporated into existing environmental management practice, allowing transferability within the company.
Over the past decade, FFI has worked in partnership with eni e&p Division to help use applied ecology in the development of company best practice for BES assessment and management. This has been piloted in operating sites in sensitive environments (Italy, Ecuador, Norway and Alaska) and has led to an improved environmental management system, incorporating sectoral best practices.
The partnership is now focused on evaluating the company's global exposure to BES-related risks and highlighting important operating sites where BES-related opportunities exist, leading to the implementation of site-specific BES assessments and action plans at priority sites.
This paper illustrates the approach developed to recognise, address and manage reliance and potential impacts of eni e&p global operations on BES. The systematic integration of BES management into onshore and offshore operations, existing and new, includes the global mapping of all operating sites against areas of high biodiversity value, the implementation of site-\specific BES risk/opportunity assessments and action plans for high priority operating sites, and the integration of these evaluations into ESHIAs in all new sites.
New Insights into the Prevention of Serious Injuries and Fatalities
Authors: Apking Theodore D. , Martin Donald K. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
In recent years, HSE professionals have raised questions about the validity of the accident triangle developed by H.W. Heinrich in the 1930s because of a trend of declining minor injuries yet flat or increasing incidence for serious injuries and fatalities. This pattern is seen to varying degrees across industries at the site, company, and national levels and calls into question fundamental long-standing safety science assumptions. (Figure 1).
As a result, a growing number of safety professionals now question the traditional interpretation and validity of the Heinrich Safety Triangle (HST) —a fundamental concept in occupational safety dating back to the 1930s. The HST states injury frequency increases as severity decreases – i.e., there are more medical treatment cases than lost-time cases, and more lost-time cases than fatalities. The cornerstone interpretation of the HST by the safety community is this: if we reduce the number of less severe injuries, we will reduce the number of more severe injuries as well. In other words, shrink the bottom of the triangle and you also shrink the top.
To better understand the inconsistency between the historic principle of the HST and recent injury and fatality statistics at the national and company level, seven global companies sponsored a study. The objective was to research these questions:
The Role of a Non-Operating Partner in contributing to HSE Excellence
Authors: Lawrie Graeme 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The Macondo event brought into sharp focus the role and liabilities of non-operating partners in oil and gas developments. One of the partners in this tragic event recently settled liabilities of some $4 Billion, to pay for damages incurred by the operating party. This has raised the question among oil and gas companies, most of whom function as both Operator and Non-Operating Partner, as to what extent they should or could influence the HSE performance of an operating partner.
There are still many conflicting opinions about the role that a non-operating partner should fulfil; from almost no involvement on the one hand to close supervision and direction at the other end of the scale. Non Operating Companies are being held liable for the actions of their operating partners and their contractors, so they must be prepared to take action to ensure that their operating partners develop and maintain HSE excellence throughout the lifetime of the project.
DEVELOPING HOW-TO MANUALS TO STRENGTHEN PROCESS SAFETY IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Jabar Busari 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Effective process safety implementation is a challenge in large and multi-sites organizations due to the different nature of operations, organizational structures, work processes and levels of understanding on the requirements. In PETRONAS, despite specific technical standards been developed to specify the requirements, the implementation approach and methodology vary across the operating units. To ensure consistency in the design and implementation of process safety systems and procedures, "how-to" manuals have been developed for each of the elements such as Management of Change, Process Hazards Review, Pre- Startup Safety Review, Process Safety Information etc.
The how-to manuals translate the requirements of specific process safety elements into building blocks or modules describing the program/processes and related activities to manage the elements. Each module contains information such as the activity, the purpose and outputs/deliverables, the method/steps, responsible parties, and the relevant templates, samples, tools and key performance indicators.
The manuals and frameworks provided therein are used as reference by personnel needing guidance in the essentials of specific process safety elements. In addition to the how-to manual developed for each of the process safety elements, a separate manual called "how-to tracker" had also been developed for measuring the implementation progress.
Development of the how-to manuals and tracker had significantly helped the practitioners in ensuring consistency in the approach and implementation of process safety and facilitate the review/assurance processes.
Oil Slicks and Coastal Zones Post Gulf War; A 20-Years Assessment, Employing High-Resolution Satellite Imagery
Authors: Taheri Reza 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The Gulf-war (1991) resulted in one of the world's biggest environmental disasters, impacts of which are still to be assessed. The post war environmental impacts comprise of multiple dimensions among which only two dimensions have been investigated in this research. The first dimension was to assess the amount of present offshore oil slicks while the second approach was to assess the impacts on coastal areas along the Gulf in a-20-years period (1991–2011) using high resolution satellite imagery.
42 high resolution ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) satellite images have been employed in this research in the TIR (thermal infrared) region of the EM (Electro Magnetic) spectrum to assess the impact of the spill on the coastal zones along the Gulf since 1991. In order to assess and monitor the trend of the oil slick movements during the last 20 years period offshore, thirty (30) Seasonal day time MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite images were employed. Following intensive processing and image classification procedures, color composite images of the TIR bands of the ASTER satellite and moderate resolution bands of MODIS were produced.
Fuzzy logic and variograms were employed throughout the processing procedures of the data analysis as powerful tools to reduce uncertainty prior to data analysis.
The processed MODIS images mapped the direction of the movements of slicks in the last 20 years offshore while the processed ASTER images were employed to monitor the gradual impact on the coastal zones along the Gulf during the same 20 years period.
Astonishing results were achieved. Some slicks are still present in the Gulf region and the magnitude of the environmental damage on the coastal areas along the Gulf hasn't decreased in accordance with the standard contingency plans.
Immediate response is demanding both to remove the existing slicks as well as the shoreline cleanup and restoration, the impacts of which have accumulated over the last 20 years.