bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for chronic kidney disease: change of perspective and novel developments
Authors: van Mil Dominique , Kieneker Lyanne M. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Gansevoort Ron T. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health issue because of its rising global prevalence and its complications, such as kidney failure and cardiovascular disease (CVD). CKD is mainly diagnosed late or undiagnosed, delaying or missing the initiation of preventive interventions. Screening can prevent or delay progressive kidney function decline and CVD. This article reviews diagnostic tests and risk prediction developments for patients with CKD, highlights key evidence for targeted screening, and provides new insights into population-wide screening.

Recent findings
Large cohort studies and clinical trial data established the strong association of albuminuria with CKD outcomes, supporting the role of albuminuria as target of CKD screening and treatment. Significant advances in both risk prediction of CKD and CVD in CKD patients and treatment options provided new evidence for the relevance and implications of CKD screening. Guidelines recommend targeted screening in high-risk patients, but evidence suggests limited adherence to guideline recommendations. More recently, population-wide screening has been investigated as another approach, showing potential effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.

Summary
There is increasing evidence for the methods, implications, and effectiveness of CKD screening. Implementing and optimizing screening strategies requires enhanced awareness and understanding of the possibilities for CKD screening within different healthcare systems.
Mad honey (wild honey) poisoning: clinical case series from Nepal
Authors: Thapa Anil Jung , Chapagain Subodh , Lamichhane Samit , Aryal Egesh , Sapkota Aashish , Ghimire Abishkar , Bhatt Bikash , Agarwal Sweta , Khadka Aayushma , Parajuli Suraj 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Mad honey is commonly used for hypertension, and coronary artery disease, and as a sexual stimulant. Patients with mad honey poisoning present with dizziness, nausea, syncope, blurred vision, bradycardia, and hypotension with ECG findings of sinus bradycardia, complete AV block, and ST elevation.

Case discussion:
Here, the authors report five cases admitted to our tertiary care center following the consumption of mad honey. The amount of ingestion of honey varies from 1 to 2 teaspoons (~10–20 ml). Most of the cases presented with chief complaints of nausea, dizziness, and vomiting, and all the cases had hypotension and bradycardia. Two cases were admitted to the ward and three of them were admitted to the ICU for further management. They were managed with intravenous fluid, injection atropine along with adjunctive vasopressor and oxygen whenever necessary.

Discussion:
Mad honey contains grayanotoxin extracted from the nectar of Rhododendron species. This honey contains grayanotoxin, which binds to sodium channels in its open state causing hyperpolarization of the sodium channel predominantly causing gastrointestinal, neurological, and respiratory symptoms. Intravenous fluids and injection atropine are the mainstays of management in an ICU setup. Some also may require vasopressors.

Conclusion:
Mad honey poisoning is rare, and limited cases have been reported in Nepal. Physicians should consider mad honey poisoning in cases with ingestion history and clinical symptoms, as it may be a clinical diagnosis due to limited lab tests for grayanotoxin intoxication. Supportive management still forms the cornerstone for its management after diagnosis.
Necrotizing pancreatitis in an 8-year-old girl: a case report from Nepal
Authors: Jha Saroj Kumar , Jha Pinky , Karki Pearlbiga 
Published: August 2024

Introduction and importance:
Necrotizing pancreatitis is an uncommon diagnosis in pediatric patients. Early diagnosis is difficult as the presentation varies significantly. However, it should be in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in the pediatric age group.

Case presentation:
An 8-year-old girl arrived with a 1-day history of vomiting, constipation, and abrupt, increasing epigastric discomfort. She didn’t have any noteworthy family or medical background. Upon examination, she seemed to be afebrile but also had discomfort in her stomach and symptoms of dehydration. An enlarged pancreas with necrotizing pancreatitis was seen in the first imaging. She received intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and analgesics as a treatment for her acute severe pancreatitis diagnosis. Since the patient continued to have fever, meropenem was prescribed in place of ceftriaxone at first. After 10 days of uncomplicated hospitalization, she was released from the hospital.

Discussion:
Once rare, pediatric pancreatitis now affects 3–13 out of every 100 000 people yearly. Although it is uncommon (<1% in children), necrotizing pancreatitis can happen. Its causes are similar to those of acute pancreatitis, involving genetic abnormalities and certain drugs. Abdominal discomfort, fever, vomiting, and nausea are among the symptoms. Imaging methods like contrast-enhanced CT are used in diagnosis. Surgery has given way to less intrusive techniques like catheter drainage as a form of treatment. Surgery is seldom required in pediatric instances, which are often handled conservatively.

Conclusion:
Childhood necrotizing pancreatitis is uncommon but dangerous; prompt diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential.
Unilateral adrenal metastases as an unusual primary presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ghouri Raza Gulzar , Sharjeel Muhammad , Naeem Hamza , Abdullah Sikander , Khalid Umar Abdul Rehman , Basil Abdul Mabood 
Published: August 2024

Introduction and importance:
Adrenal metastases can rarely present as a solitary clinical manifestation among cases with underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Case presentation:
The authors present the case of a 53-year-old male with chronic liver disease due to chronic hepatitis C who presented with left flank pain. Imaging revealed a left-sided suprarenal mass. Following multidisciplinary assessment, the patient underwent left-sided nephrectomy and adrenalectomy, whereas histopathological correlation revealed microscopic foci of metastatic HCC in the resected gland. Postoperative abdominal imaging then revealed multifocal dysplastic lesions scattered through both the hepatic lobes. Subsequently, systemic treatment was initiated with sorafenib.

Clinical discussion:
These types of adrenal metastasis from the liver are extremely uncommon and need detailed evaluation of the liver and other potential metastatic sites. The choice of treatment will be indicated according to the type and site of the tumor.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the significance of thorough evaluation and individualized management in HCC-associated adrenal metastasis.
Acetaminophen effects upon formalin-evoked flinching, postformalin, and postincisional allodynia and conditioned place preference
Authors: Yun Mijung , Regen Naemi Ditlevsen , Anchondo Yuvicza , Eddinger Kelly , Malkmus Shelle , Roberts Steven W. , Donati Elisabetta , Leonardi Antonio , Yaksh Tony L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
We explored in mice, the analgesic, tolerance, dependency, and rewarding effects of systemic acetaminophen (APAP).

Methods:
Studies employed adult mice (C57Bl6). (1) Intraplantar formalin flinching + post formalin allodynia. Mice were given intraperitoneal APAP in a DMSO (5%)/Tween 80 (5%) or a water-based formulation before formalin flinching on day 1 and tactile thresholds assessed before and after APAP at day 12. (2) Paw incision. At 24 hours and 8 days after hind paw incision in male mice, effects of intraperitoneal APAP on tactile allodynia were assessed. (3) Repeated delivery. Mice received daily (4 days) analgesic doses of APAP or vehicle and tested upon formalin flinching on day 5. (4) Conditioned place preference. For 3 consecutive days, vehicle was given in the morning in either of 2 chambers and in each afternoon, an analgesic dose of morphine or APAP in the other chamber. On days 5 and 10, animals were allowed to select a “preferred” chamber.

Results:
Formalin in male mice resulted in biphasic flinching and an enduring postformalin tactile allodynia. Acetaminophen dose dependently decreased phase 2 flinching, and reversed allodynia was observed postflinching. At a comparable APAP dose, female mice showed similarly reduced phase 2 flinching. Incision allodynia was transiently reversed by APAP. Repeated APAP delivery showed no loss of effect after sequential injections or signs of withdrawal. Morphine, but not APAP or vehicle, resulted in robust place preference.

Conclusions:
APAP decreased flinching and allodynia observed following formalin and paw incision and an absence of tolerance, dependence, or rewarding properties.
Posttrial Experiences in Sustainment of a Scaled Model of the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach (SAIA-SCALE) in the Absence of External Funding in Manica Province, Mozambique
Authors: Hazim Carmen E. , Coutinho Joana , Crocker Jonny , Asbjornsdottir Kristjana , Cruz Maria , Agostinho Mery , Amaral Fernando , de Fatima Cuembelo Maria , Dinis Aneth , Fernandes Quinhas , Gimbel Sarah , Inguane Celso , Murgorgo Filipe , Nassiaca Regina , Ramiro Isaias , Sherr Kenneth 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Following the conclusion of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial of the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach (SAIA) to optimize the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission cascade in Manica Province, Mozambique, we conducted a natural experiment to test the sustainability of the delivery model with limited financial inputs.

Methods:
District nurse supervisors were encouraged to continue to facilitate SAIA cycles in subordinate health facilities and provided phone credit and tablet access to upload implementation data. No additional resources (eg, funds for transport, refreshments, or supplies) were provided. Barriers to implementation were collected via conversations with district supervisors.

Results:
Monthly facilitation of SAIA cycles continued in 11 of 12 (92%) districts and 13 of 36 (36%) facilities through 12 months posttrial, which declined to 10 districts and 10 facilities by the end of the 15-month posttrial period. Despite interest among district supervisors to continue implementation, logistical and financial barriers prevented visits to facilities not in close proximity to district management offices. Turnover of district supervisors resulted in replacements not having knowledge and experience facilitating SAIA. The lack of refreshments for facility staff and limited supplies (pens and papers) were cited as additional barriers.

Conclusion:
Despite the scalability of the SAIA model, it is susceptible to implementation decay without sufficient health system resources. Additional research is needed to test sustainment strategies that address identified barriers and enable continued delivery of the implementation strategy core components at a sufficient level of fidelity to maintain desired health system improvements and patient-level outcomes.
MR Lymphangiography
Authors: Lee Seunghyun , Hur Saebeom , Choi Young Hun , Hwang Jae-Yeon , Cheon Jung-Eun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Congenital lymphatic flow disorders collectively refer to a heterogeneous group of diseases that manifest as chylothorax, chylous ascites, intestinal lymphangiectasia, protein-losing enteropathy, and peripheral extremity or genital lymphedema, all in the absence of identifiable injury to the lymphatic system. We have only recently begun to understand congenital lymphatic flow disorders through the ability to image lymph flow dynamically. Intranodal dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance lymphangiography (DCMRL) is a crucial technique for imaging lymphatic flow in pediatric patients with congenital lymphatic flow disorders. However, as lymphatic imaging is still a nascent discipline with many uncertainties regarding optimal imaging and treatment, effective patient management requires a comprehensive understanding of imaging techniques, disease pathophysiology, and multidisciplinary treatment approaches. Above all, a fundamental understanding of the physiological lymphatic flow of the central conducting lymphatics is essential for the correct interpretation of DCMRL images. This knowledge helps to avoid unnecessary examinations, erroneous diagnoses, and potentially harmful treatment approaches. This review provides an overview of the methods, advantages, and precautions for interpreting the DCMRL examination, a state-of-the-art lymphatic system imaging technique, and shares various case studies.
Retrospective analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia risk factors, complications, and mortality in a tertiary university hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kaki Reham 
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen of which many isolates are multidrug resistant. A. baumannii is a major cause of healthcare-acquired infections in patients who are critically ill, and A. baumannii bacteraemia (ABB) is associated with high mortality. Several factors are known to play a role in A. baumannii transmission and the emergence of resistance.

Aim. This study aimed to retrospectively analyse ABB cases in Saudi Arabia, where little is known about the prevalence, risk factors, clinical disease, treatment outcomes, and mortality associated with this infection.

Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed from January 1, 2015, until December 31, 2022, to identify all patients 14 years and above with ABB. Demographic and clinical data, as well as results from laboratory analyses, were collected from patients’ electronic charts. Statistical analyses were performed on the data to identify factors associated with 90-day mortality.

Results. In total, 112 ABB cases were identified with a mean age of 58.0 years, of which 66.1% were males. Of these cases, 71 (63.4%) died. The factors that were found to be associated with 90-day mortality were the Charlson comorbidity score, Pitt bacteraemia score, quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score (p < 0.001 for each), hospital ward (p < 0.02), short duration of antibiotic treatment (p < 0.01), and higher age (p < 0.05). The most common source of infection was Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infection in 52.7%. Also associated with mortality were inappropriate antimicrobial therapy (p < 0.02) and empirical use of colistin (p < 0.05). In many patients, ABB was caused by carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) (69.6%), and 74.4% of those patients died.

Conclusion. CRAB is a growing threat in hospitals in Saudi Arabia especially in the critical care setting and carries a very high risk of mortality. Future studies should focus on novel ways of preventing CRAB infections and on the assessment of promising new antimicrobials such as cefiderocol or sulbactam-durlobactam and other treatment options such as bacteriophages.
Generation and characterisation of mouse models of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)
Authors: Arudkumar Jayshen , Chey Yu Chinn Joshua , Piltz Sandra G , Thomas Paul Q , Adikusuma Fatwa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology has revolutionised the creation of precise and permanent modifications to DNA, enabling the generation of diverse animal models for investigating potential treatments. Here, we provide a protocol for the use of CRISPR-Cas9 to create murine models of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) along with a step-by-step guide for their phenotypic and molecular characterisation. The experimental procedures include CRISPR microinjection of embryos, molecular testing at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels, forelimb grip strength testing, immunostaining and serum creatine kinase (CK) testing. We further provide suggestions for analysis and interpretation of the generated data, as well as the limitations of our approach. These protocols are designed for researchers who intend to generate and use mouse models to study DMD as well as those seeking a detailed framework of phenotyping to contribute to the broader landscape of genetic disorder investigations.
Transcriptional analysis of efferocytosis in mouse skin wounds
Authors: Krause Will , King Diane , Horsley Valerie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDefects in apoptotic cell clearance, or efferocytosis, can cause inflammatory diseases and prevent tissue repair due in part to inducing a pro-repair transcriptional program in phagocytic cells like macrophages. While the cellular machinery and metabolic pathways involved in efferocytosis have been characterized, the precise efferocytic response of macrophages is dependent on the identity and macromolecular cues of apoptotic cells, and the complex tissue microenvironment in which efferocytosis occurs. Here, we find that macrophages undergoing active efferocytosis in mid-stage mouse skin wounds in vivo display a pro-repair gene program, while efferocytosis of apoptotic skin fibroblasts in vitro also induces an inflammatory transcription response. These data provide a resource for understanding how the skin wound environment influences macrophage efferocytosis and will be useful for future investigations that define the role of efferocytosis during tissue repair.
A Paper-based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
Authors: Kamel Mohamed , Davidson Josiah Levi , Verma Mohit S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAvian influenza outbreaks have had significant economic and public health consequences worldwide. Therefore, prompt, reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic devices are crucial for scrutinizing and confining highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). Our study introduced and evaluated a novel paper-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test for diagnosing the H5 subtype of the avian influenza virus (AIV). We meticulously designed and screened LAMP primers targeting the H5-haemagglutinin (H5-HA) gene of AIV and fine-tuned the paper-based detection assay for best performance. The paper-based LAMP assay demonstrated a detection limit of 500 copies per reaction (25 copies/µL). This inexpensive, user-friendly point-of-need diagnostic tool holds great promise, especially in resource-limited settings. It only requires a water bath for incubation and enables visual detection of results without special equipment. Overall, the paper-based LAMP assay provides a promising method for rapidly and reliably detecting the H5 subtype of AIV, contributing to improved surveillance and early intervention strategies.
Exploring the intersection of information literacy and rights in the information age: presentation of the conceptual model
Authors: Eltemasi Mahshid 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the mutual relationship between information literacy and information rights, focusing on how people with high information literacy recognize and use information rights.

Design/methodology/approach
This study explores how individuals with information literacy understand and use information rights. This research uses a dual approach. Quantitative surveys, involving 217 Master's and PhD students, delve into the dimensions of information rights. Rigorous stratified sampling ensures diversity. A comprehensive questionnaire, exhibiting high reliability and validity, is administered before and after a two-month online information literacy course. The t-test statistical tests analyze the quantitative data. For deeper insights, qualitative open-answer questionnaires with 50 top-performing participants uncover experiences and perceptions. A two-stage coding process is applied to identify themes.

Findings
Major findings showcase the nuanced understanding of information rights shaped by education, experiences and strategic use. Recommendations include emphasizing online privacy education and active roles for information-literate individuals in policy advocacy.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the understanding of information rights, providing a foundation for informed policy and education.
Does remaining in Russia affect analysts’ sentiment?
Authors: Mamatzakis Emmanuel C. , Neri Lorenzo , Russo Antonella 
Published: August 2024

PurposeSince February 2022, the conflict between Ukraine and Russia has significantly influenced global financial markets, altering investor behavior and increasing market volatility. Western countries’ sanctions on Russia have influenced market uncertainty. Academic literature has deeply investigated the market’s reaction to the conflict and demonstrated a diverse range of impacts. Our study delves into how corporate decisions to remain in or exit Russia during the conflict influence analyst sentiment.Design/methodology/approachLeveraging data on analysts' revision scores (ARS) from Eikon, Refinitiv, our analysis underscores the importance of analysts during periods of uncertainty (Kacperczyk and Seru, 2007; Loh and Stulz, 2018). Using static and dynamic panel analysis, we examine the impact of Russia exposure on ARS while controlling for key variables.FindingsCompanies that retain a presence in Russia tend to enhance the overall ARS score, contributing to increased optimism among analysts regarding forecasts for the firms in question. Controlling for endogeneity and underlying dynamics in ARS does not alter the main findings. All in all, the results confirm the absence of an impact on the companies' returns post-announcement to continue or leave Russia after the start of the conflict (Balyuk and Fedyk, 2023).Originality/valueThis research sheds light on the complex relationship between geopolitical events, corporate decisions and investor sentiment, offering valuable insights for stakeholders, policymakers and regulators.
Self-serving leadership and employee knowledge hiding: a dual-pathway model
Authors: Zhang Yajun , Zhang Luni , Zhang Junwei , Wang Jingjing , Akhtar Muhammad Naseer 
Published: August 2024

PurposeDrawing upon the cognitive-affective processing system (CAPS) framework, the current study proposes a dual-pathway model that suggests self-serving leadership has a positive influence on employee knowledge hiding. The study also examines the mediating effects of relative deprivation and emotional exhaustion, as well as the moderating effect of political skill, to provide a comprehensive understanding of these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed two-wave time-lagged survey data collected from 644 employees in 118 teams within a company based in Shenzhen, China. Moreover, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships.FindingsThe results indicated that self-serving leadership positively influenced employee knowledge hiding, and this relationship was mediated by relative deprivation and emotional exhaustion. Additionally, political skill was found to negatively moderate both the direct relationship between self-serving leadership and relative deprivation and emotional exhaustion, and the indirect path from self-serving leadership to employee knowledge hiding through relative deprivation and emotional exhaustion.Originality/valueThis study makes a unique contribution to the knowledge management literature in several ways. First, it introduces self-serving leadership as a predictor of employee knowledge hiding, expanding the current understanding of this phenomenon. Second, it offers a novel conceptualization, suggesting that employees coping with self-serving leadership may experience relative deprivation and emotional exhaustion, and these factors can predict their engagement in knowledge hiding. Third, the research findings on the moderating role of political skill push the boundaries of the knowledge-hiding literature, providing new insights into the conditions under which this behavior occurs.