bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The multidirectional roles of the anterior oblique ligament and dorsoradial ligament of the thumb carpometacarpal joint
Authors: Kalshoven Josephine M. , Badida Rohit , Morton Amy M. , Molino Janine , Weiss Arnold‐Peter C. , Ladd Amy L. , Crisco Joseph J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe multidirectional biomechanics of the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint underlie the remarkable power and precision of the thumb. Because of the unconfined nature of thumb CMC articulation, these biomechanics are largely dictated by ligaments, notably the anterior oblique ligament (AOL) and the dorsoradial ligament (DRL). However, the rotational and translational stabilizing roles of these ligaments remain unclear, as evidenced by the variety of interventions employed to treat altered pathological CMC biomechanics. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of sectioning the AOL (n = 8) or DRL (n = 8) on thumb CMC joint biomechanics (rotational range‐of‐motion [ROM] and stiffness, translational ROM) in 26 rotational directions, including internal and external rotation, and in eight translational directions. Using a robotic musculoskeletal simulation system, the first metacarpal of each specimen (n = 16) was rotated and translated with respect to the trapezium to determine biomechanics before and after ligament sectioning. We observed the greatest increase in rotational ROM and decrease in rotational stiffness in flexion directions and internal rotation following DRL transection and in extension directions following AOL transection. The greatest increase in translational ROM was in dorsal and radial directions following DRL transection and in volar directions following AOL transection. These data suggest the AOL and DRL play complementary stabilizing roles, primarily restraining translations in the direction of and rotations away from the ligament insertion sites. These findings may inform future interventions or implant designs for pathological CMC joints.
Current practice in the care of children with functional constipation: What is the hold up?
Authors: van der Zande Julia M. J. , Koppen Ilan J. N. , Yacob Desale , Sanchez Raul E. , Puri Neetu B. , Vaz Karla , Di Lorenzo Carlo , Benninga Marc A. , Lu Peter L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesFor children with intractable functional constipation (FC), there are no evidence‐based guidelines for subsequent evaluation and treatment. Our objective was to assess the practice patterns of a large, international cohort of pediatric gastroenterologists.MethodsWe administered a survey to physicians who attended the 2nd World Congress of Pediatric Neurogastroenterology and Motility held in Columbus, Ohio (USA) in September 2023. The survey included 29 questions on diagnostic testing, nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment, and surgical options for children with intractable FC.ResultsNinety physicians from 18 countries completed the survey. For children with intractable FC, anorectal manometry was the most commonly used diagnostic test. North American responders were more likely than Europeans to use stimulant laxatives (97% vs. 77%, p = 0.032), prosecretory medications (69% vs. 8%, p < 0.001), and antegrade continence enemas (ACE; 83% vs. 46%, p = 0.009) for management. Europeans were more likely than North Americans to require colonic transit testing before surgery (85% vs. 30%, p < 0.001). We found major differences in management practices between Americans and the rest of the world, including use of prosecretory drugs (73% vs. 7%, p < 0.001), anal botulinum toxin injections (81% vs. 58%, p = 0.018), ACE (81% vs. 58% p = 0.018), diverting ileostomies (56% vs. 26%, p = 0.006), and colonic resections (42% vs. 16%, p = 0.012). No differences were found when respondents were compared by years of experience.ConclusionsPractice patterns in the evaluation and treatment of children with intractable FC differ widely among pediatric gastroenterologists from around the world. A clinical guideline regarding diagnostic testing and surgical decision‐making is needed.
Revealing the spoilage characteristics of refrigerated prepared beef steak by advanced bioinformatics tools
Authors: Zhang Wendi , Ni Yongsheng , Xie Yong , Tan Lijun , Zhao Jinsong , Li Xiao min , Li Cong , Xu Baocai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough microorganisms are the main cause of spoilage in prepared beef steaks, very few deep spoilage mechanisms have been reported so far. Aiming to unravel the mechanisms during 12 days of storage at 4 °C affecting the quality of prepared beef steak, the present study investigated the changes in microbial dynamic community using a combined high‐throughput sequencing combined and bioinformatics. In addition, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis was utilized to identify marker candidates for prepared steaks. Furthermore, cloud platform analysis was applied to determine prepared beef steak spoilage, including the relationship between microbiological and physicochemical indicators and volatile compounds.RESULTSThe results showed that the dominant groups of Pseudomonas, Brochothrix thermosphacta, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus caused the spoilage of prepared beef steak, which are strongly associated with significant changes in physicochemical properties and volatile organic compounds (furan‐2‐pentyl‐, pentanal, 1‐octanol, 1‐nonanol and dimethyl sulfide). Metabolic pathways were proposed, among which lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism were most abundant.CONCLUSIONThe present study is helpful with respect to further understanding the relationship between spoilage microorganisms and the quality of prepared beef steak, and provides a reference for investigating the spoilage mechanism of dominant spoilage bacteria and how to extend the shelf life of meat products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Selecting postoperative adjuvant systemic therapy for early‐stage breast cancer: An updated assessment and systematic review of leading commercially available gene expression assays
Authors: Hyams David M. , Bareket‐Samish Avital , Rocha Juan Enrique Bargallo , Diaz‐Botero Sebastian , Franco Sandra , Gagliato Debora , Gomez Henry L. , Korbenfeld Ernesto , Krygier Gabriel , Mattar Andre , De Pierro Aníbal Nuñez , Borrego Manuel Ruiz , Villarreal Cynthia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGene expression assays (GEAs) can guide treatment for early‐stage breast cancer. Several large prospective randomized clinical trials, and numerous additional studies, now provide new information for selecting an appropriate GEA. This systematic review builds upon prior reviews, with a focus on five widely commercialized GEAs (Breast Cancer Index®, EndoPredict®, MammaPrint®, Oncotype DX®, and Prosigna®). The comprehensive dataset available provides a contemporary opportunity to assess each GEA's utility as a prognosticator and/or predictor of adjuvant therapy benefit.
Kinetics of direct and water‐mediated tautomerization reactions of four‐membered cyclic lactims to amides or lactams
Authors: Würmel Judith , Simmie John M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs part of a series of studies of hydrogen‐atom transfer or tautomerization reactions of imidic acid‐amide species, ──═─ ═──, we report the rate constants for a set of 16 four‐membered cyclic compounds at low, 50–300 K, and high, 500–1500 K, temperatures. The compounds are labeled according to the two ring groups X and Y, which can be , NH, CH, N, O, or C(O) and which are at some remove from the reactive site. These rate constants are for both the direct reaction and for that mediated by an additional water molecule, which facilitates the hydrogen transfer reaction. In the latter case, we show that the rate of reaction from a pre‐reaction complex is rapid at temperatures down to 50 K and dominated by quantum mechanical effects as evaluated by small‐curvature and quantized‐reaction‐states tunneling. In addition, we present thermochemical data such as enthalpies of formation, entropies, isobaric heat capacities, and enthalpy functions for these largely unknown species, which span a range of compounds from ‐propiolactone to 1,3‐diazetidine‐2,4‐dione.
Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with Burkitt lymphoma treated in Tanzania following the implementation of the 2016 National Treatment Guidelines: Poor outcomes to current standard‐of‐care therapy
Authors: Chapman Hutton , Ntemi Paulo S. , Gisiri Mwitasrobert , Vasudevan Lavanya , Kashaigili Heronima J. , Schroeder Kristin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite the excellent outcomes achieved in the treatment of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in high‐income countries (HICs), outcomes remain poor in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Efforts to improve BL outcomes in Tanzania included the creation of National Treatment Guidelines in 2016. However, disease outcomes in Tanzania following the creation of these guidelines have not been reported to date.ProcedureHistorical records from 2016 to 2021 for patients 0–18 years of age with a diagnosis of BL and seen at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), in Mwanza, Tanzania, were curated into an electronic database and analyzed descriptively. Patients in this cohort were treated per the Tanzanian National Treatment Guidelines, which include six cycles of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and methotrexate (COM) chemotherapy with intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine.ResultsIn total, 92 BL patients’ records were eligible for analysis. Patients in this cohort were most commonly Murphy stage II (28%) or stage III (34%). Nearly all, 91%, met International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research (INCTR) high‐risk criteria at presentation. Forty‐two percent of patients did not receive a biopsy and were treated with a presumed diagnosis of BL alone. A 1‐year event‐free survival of 29.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.3%–39.5%) and a 1‐year overall survival of 38.5% (95% CI: 28%–48.9%) were observed. A high rate of treatment abandonment (34%) was also observed.ConclusionIn a historical cohort of pediatric patients with BL treated per the 2016 Tanzanian National Treatment Guidelines, we observed poor outcomes and a high rate of abandonment. These outcomes appear inferior to those achieved in the INCTR clinical trial that informed the guidelines’ creation, and highlights the importance of “real‐world” outcomes data in LMICs. These data reinforce the idea that continued clinical research and capacity building efforts are necessary to improve BL outcomes in LMICs.
Die Liga der tiefsten Töne
Authors: Mathelitsch Leopold , Verovnik Ivo 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungWelche Instrumente die tiefsten Töne in einem Orchester spielen können, hängt von dessen Zusammensetzung ab. Fünfsaitige Kontrabässe und Konzertharfen erreichen ein H2 mit 30,9 Hz. Bei den Blasinstrumenten kommt die Kontrabassposaune am tiefsten bis zum As2 mit 26 Hz. Die Kontrabasstuba bleibt mit einem A2 mit 27,5 Hz knapp darüber. Konzertflügel mit 88 Tasten haben als tiefsten Ton ein A2 (27,5 Hz), der „Imperial“ von Bösendorfer mit 97 Tasten erreicht sogar ein C2 mit 16,4 Hz. Auch große Konzertorgeln erreichen mit einem Subcontra‐C bei 16,4 Hz bereits die Grenze zum Infraschall.
Highly Efficient Spin Current Transport Properties in Spintronic Devices Based on Topological Insulator
Authors: Yun Jijun , Xi Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecently, topological insulators (TIs) have regained extensive attention in spintronics due to their potential applications in new‐generation spintronic devices, following the discovery of the quantum Hall effect and quantum anomalous Hall effect, which introduce the topological concept. In this review, the exotic spin transport phenomena are explored in TIs. The review offers a concise overview of the fundamental principles of TIs, followed by an exploration of diverse fabrication methods for TI materials. Characterization techniques of the topological surface states are also presented. The review delves into the intriguing spin current transport phenomena, focusing on spin‐to‐charge and charge‐to‐spin conversions in TI/ferromagnet bilayers, respectively. The review culminates summarizing key insights and project future directions for research on spin transport phenomena in TIs, emphasizing practical implications.
Bright Tripartite Quantum Steering Generated by Above‐Threshold Optical Parametric Oscillation
Authors: Ma Shuangquan , Cheng Xinyuan , Zhang Dayang , Yu Youbin , Jin Guangri , Chen Aixi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEinstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering is the key resources in quantum information processing. EPR steering light sources typically obtained through spontaneous parametric down conversion below a threshold are relatively weak. Strong bright EPR steering light source can be obtained by operating the resonant cavity above the threshold. Here, the quantum steering correlations of the system above the threshold are analyzed using numerical simulations based on the quantum random trajectory method in Wigner representation. By employing the genuine multipartite EPR steering criterion, it is demonstrated that genuine bright tripartite EPR steering can be generated above the threshold, and investigate the influences of the nonlinear parameters on the genuine tripartite EPR steering. The scheme of bright EPR steering light source generated by cascaded nonlinear process can be used as a quantum repeater in quantum communication.
Using ion mobility spectrometry to understand signal dilution during tandem mass spectrometry sequencing of digital polymers: Experimental evidence of intramolecular cyclization
Authors: Sergent Isaure , Schutz Thibault , Lutz Jean‐François , Charles Laurence 
Published: June 2024

RationaleOptimizing the structure of digital polymers is an efficient strategy to ensure their tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) readability. In block‐truncated poly(phosphodiester)s, homolysis of C–ON bonds in long chains permits the release of smaller blocks amenable to sequencing. Yet the dissociation behavior of diradical blocks was observed to strongly depend on their charge state.MethodsPolymers were ionized in negative mode electrospray and activated in‐source so that blocks released as primary fragments can be investigated using ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) or sequenced in the post‐IMS collision cell. Collision cross sections (CCS) were derived from arrival times using a calibration procedure developed for polyanions using the IMSCal software. A multistep protocol based on quantum methods and classical molecular dynamics was implemented for molecular modeling and calculation of theoretical CCS.ResultsUnlike their triply charged homologues, dissociation of diradical blocks at the 2– charge state produces additional fragments, with +1 m/z shift for those holding the nitroxide α‐termination and −1 m/z for those containing the carbon‐centered radical ω‐end. These results suggest cyclization of these diradical species, followed by H• transfer on activated reopening of this cycle. This assumption was validated using IMS resolution of the cyclic/linear isomers and supported by molecular modeling.ConclusionsCombining IMS with molecular modeling provided new insights into how the charge state of digital blocks influences their dissociation. These results permit to define new guidelines to improve either ionization conditions or the structural design of these digital polymers for best MS/MS readability.
Bronchial Dieulafoy's disease: A series of seven cases with review of the literature
Authors: Nair Avinash A. , James Prince , Vimala Leena Robinson , Kodiatte Thomas , Gupta Richa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBronchial Dieulafoy's disease (BDD), remains poorly understood, with only 88 cases reported globally. Herein, we present the largest case series (n = 7) from a single centre, between 2017 and 2023, retrospectively reviewed, detailing clinical presentations, diagnoses, management and up to 4‐year follow‐up outcomes. Diagnosis relied on characteristic lesions detected through white light bronchoscopy with or without endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) or narrow band imaging (NBI), along with computed tomography (CT) scans or bronchial angiography. Identification of aberrant vessels beneath lesions and bronchoscopy details were documented. Treatment modalities and follow‐up outcomes until December 2023 were noted. All patients were non‐smokers. Review of imaging findings by an experienced radiologist was crucial in suspected cases due to risk of bleeding and often unconclusive results from biopsy. Management of BDD varied, with six patients undergoing bronchial artery embolization (BAE) and one requiring lobectomy; four patients received additional endobronchial therapy, one died due to malignancy, none experienced recurrence of haemoptysis. Identifying patients with large volume haemoptysis disproportionate to parenchymal disease in CT scans is important. A bronchoscopic surveillance is crucial to avoid biopsy; it can be confirmed using EBUS of NBI. While no established guidelines exist, BAE and endobronchial therapy emerge as valuable interventions, with surgical resection reserved for recurrent cases.
Mesenchymal‐epithelial transition factor exon 14 skipping mutation‐positive granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor‐producing lung adenocarcinoma mimicking lung abscess: A case report
Authors: Izumiya Yuka , Odaka Hidesato , Kikuchi Toru , Takita Yuri , Tokairin Takuo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGranulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF)‐producing lung tumours are rare, with their imaging features and effective treatments remaining elusive. Similarly, mesenchymal‐epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping mutations are also uncommon. Herein, we report a case of G‐CSF‐producing lung adenocarcinoma positive for a MET exon 14 skipping mutation, mimicking lung abscess. A 61‐year‐old man presented with cough and high fever. Contrast‐enhanced chest computed tomography revealed a mass with a cavity and internal fluid accumulation. The patient initially underwent diagnostic treatment for a lung abscess but was ultimately diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma positive for a MET exon 14 skipping mutation. Following tepotinib therapy, the primary lesion shrank, and serum G‐CSF levels decreased, leading to a diagnosis of G‐CSF‐producing lung cancer. G‐CSF‐producing lung tumours can present imaging findings that mimic lung abscesses. Tepotinib therapy may be effective for patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutation, including those with G‐CSF‐producing lung cancer.
Mitigating Cobalt Phthalocyanine Aggregation in Electrocatalyst Films through Codeposition with an Axially Coordinating Polymer
Authors: Dean William S. , Soucy Taylor L. , Rivera‐Cruz Kevin E. , Filien Leila L. , Terry Bradley D. , McCrory Charles C. L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) is a promising molecular catalyst for aqueous electroreduction of CO2, but its catalytic activity is limited by aggregation at high loadings. Codeposition of CoPc onto electrode surfaces with the coordinating polymer poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (P4VP) mitigates aggregation in addition to providing other catalytic enhancements. Transmission and diffuse reflectance UV–vis measurements demonstrate that a combination of axial coordination and π‐stacking effects from pyridyl moieties in P4VP serve to disperse cobalt phthalocyanine in deposition solutions and help prevent reaggregation in deposited films. Polymers lacking axial coordination, such as Nafion, are significantly less effective at cobalt phthalocyanine dispersion in both the deposition solution and in the deposited films. SEM images corroborate these findings through particle counts and morphological analysis. Electrochemical measurements show that CoPc codeposited with P4VPonto carbon electrode surfaces reduces CO2 with higher activity and selectivity compared to the catalyst codeposited with Nafion.
Understanding Investor Sentiment: Analyzing Its Influence on Stock and Cryptocurrency Markets During the Russia–Ukraine War
Authors: Chowdhury Emon Kalyan , Chowdhury Rupam , Dhar Bablu Kumar 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the shifts in investor sentiment during the Russia–Ukraine war and its consequent impact on market volatility. By employing a comprehensive dataset that includes the S&P 500 index, historical Bitcoin prices, the Investor Sentiment Index, the Industrial Production Index, and the US Consumer Price Index, this study applies several econometric models such as generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models, regression analyses, vector error correction models (VECM), and the Granger causality model. The analysis spans from January 2021 to March 2023. The findings indicate that investor sentiment significantly influences returns in both stock and cryptocurrency markets, having a positive effect. These results underscore the importance for investors and policymakers to monitor investor sentiment during periods of conflict to understand its potential impact on financial markets. This research offers valuable insights that can guide investment decisions and inform policy interventions.
A Mini Review on the Influence of Different Intermediate Mass Transfer Effects on the Chemical Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Sai Bharadwaj Aryasomayajula Venkata Satya Lakshmi , Brijesh Prasad , Yewale Manesh Ashok , Bharadwaj Hrishikesh , Raveena Sanjeev Karvekar , Gupta Navneet Kumar , Barmavatu Praveen 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTChemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) in the presence of an alkaline catalyst is one of the major pretreatment processes that recover cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin at effective process conditions and also for the production of bioethanol. Replacement of conventional catalysts with waste‐derived catalysts in the pretreatment process will be helpful for the development of low‐cost biorefinery. The continuous impact of different mass transfer properties during the chemical pretreatment of LCB will affect the final yield of products at a high reaction time and has been reviewed in the current study. Intraparticle diffusion of an alkaline catalyst into LCB is going to determine the diffusion of the selected catalyst within the porous biomass structure, which helps in the enhancement of the final yield of the product recovery at low‐process conditions. The diffusion of the synthesized catalyst within the selected biomass during the chemical pretreatment process is a rate‐limiting step that influences the final recovery yield of desired products. Enhancement of the biomass pretreatment reaction through the assessment of the diffusivity using the modified Nernst–Einstein relation is also discussed. Determination of different unique mass transfer properties rate of diffusion, diffusivity flux, and mass transfer coefficient are also to be analyzed to advance the reaction rate of the pretreatment process.
Recession, Commemoration and Covid-19 (2008–2023)
Authors: McIvor Charlotte , Walsh Ian R 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis recent period brought recession, bailout of banks, rising unemployment, and austerity to the Republic. In the North, the legacy of the Peace Process played out against a backdrop of gentrification and rebranding. This chapter charts how state inquiries and the Decade of Centenaries commemorations, led companies to create theatre that juxtaposed the past with the present as they explored the impact of austerity and precarity. It examines #WakingTheFeminists movement and actions by the Arts Councils (Republic and North) exposed how gender and other inequalities of race/ethnicity, sexuality, etc. determine who gets to make theatre. Companies were found to push boundaries collaborating across genres as digital media advanced and the Covid-19 pandemic forced theatre to conceive of itself as no longer bound by physical spaces.