bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The vacuolar sulfate transporter PsSULTR4 is a key determinant of seed yield and protein composition in pea
Authors: Bachelet Fanélie , Sanchez Myriam , Aimé Delphine , Naudé Florence , Rossin Nadia , Ourry Alain , Deulvot Chrystel , Le Signor Christine , Vernoud Vanessa , Neiers Fabrice , Wirtz Markus , Gallardo‐Guerrero Karine 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARYPea is a grain legume crop with a high potential to accelerate the food transition due to its high seed protein content and relatively well‐balanced amino acid composition. The critical role of external sulfur (S) supply in determining seed yield and seed quality in pea makes it essential to understand the impact of whole plant S management on the trade‐off between these two traits. Here, we investigated the physiological relevance of vacuolar sulfate remobilization by targeting PsSULTR4, the only pea sulfate transporter showing substantial similarity to the vacuolar sulfate exporter AtSULTR4;1. Five mutations in PsSULTR4 were identified by TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes), two of which, a loss of function (W78*) and a missense (E568K), significantly decreased seed yield under S deprivation. We demonstrate that PsSULTR4 triggers S distribution from source tissues, especially lower leaves, to reproductive organs to maintain seed yield under S deficiency. Under sufficient S supply, sultr4 seeds display lower levels of the S‐rich storage protein PA1 at maturity. They also overaccumulate sulfate in the endosperm at the onset of seed filling. These findings uncover a role of PsSULTR4 in the remobilization of vacuolar sulfate during embryo development, allowing the efficient synthesis of S‐rich proteins. Our study uncovers that PsSULTR4 functions (i) in source tissues to remobilize stored vacuolar sulfate for seed production under low S availability and (ii) in developing seeds well supplied with S to fine‐tune sulfate remobilization from the endosperm as a critical control point for storage activities in the embryo.
Corrective Exercise Programming Impact on Improving Functional Movement Scores Within the Tactical Population: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Stiltner Sara , Thompson Adam J. , Cripps Andrea E. 
Published: August 2024

Clinical Scenario: Police, fire, emergency medical services, and military personnel encompass a tactical population practice setting in athletic training. Due to occupational demands within this demographic, these patients experience musculoskeletal or career-altering injuries at an alarming rate. A main contributor to the incidence of musculoskeletal injury is a lack of functional movement. Clinical Question: What parameters of corrective exercise programming improve tactical participants’ functional movement scores on the Functional Movement Screen? Summary of Key Findings: Three studies met the inclusion criteria set forth by the authors. Two studies used an 8-week regimented corrective exercise program while one study used a 4-week corrective exercise program. Two of three corrective exercise programs utilized progressions. All corrective exercise programs noted statistically significant improvements in Pre- and Post-functional Movement Screen scores. Clinical Bottom Line: Functional movement is essential to effective occupational interventions in tactical medicine; therefore, corrective exercise programs should be regimented for a minimum of 4 weeks, 3 days a week to show improvement in functional movement. Available evidence to answer this clinical question met a 2B minimum. Collective findings to answer this clinical question align with letter B strength of recommendation.
Intake of sugar sweetened beverages among children and adolescents in 185 countries between 1990 and 2018: population based study
Authors: Lara-Castor Laura , Micha Renata , Cudhea Frederick , Miller Victoria , Shi Peilin , Zhang Jianyi , Sharib Julia R , Erndt-Marino Josh , Cash Sean B , Barquera Simon , Mozaffarian Dariush 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To quantify global intakes of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) and trends over time among children and adolescents.

Design
Population based study.

Setting
Global Dietary Database.

Population
Children and adolescents aged 3-19 years in 185 countries between 1990 and 2018, jointly stratified at subnational level by age, sex, parental education, and rural or urban residence.

Results
In 2018, mean global SSB intake was 3.6 (standardized serving=248 g (8 oz)) servings/week (1.3 (95% uncertainly interval 1.0 to 1.9) in south Asia to 9.1 (8.3 to 10.1) in Latin America and the Caribbean). SSB intakes were higher in older versus younger children and adolescents, those resident in urban versus rural areas, and those of parents with higher versus lower education. Between 1990 and 2018, mean global SSB intakes increased by 0.68 servings/week (22.9%), with the largest increases in sub-Saharan Africa (2.17 servings/week; 106%). Of 185 countries included in the analysis, 56 (30.3%) had a mean SSB intake of ≥7 servings/week, representing 238 million children and adolescents, or 10.4% of the global population of young people.

Conclusion
This study found that intakes of SSBs among children and adolescents aged 3-19 years in 185 countries increased by 23% from 1990 to 2018, parallel to the rise in prevalence of obesity among this population globally. SSB intakes showed large heterogeneity among children and adolescents worldwide and by age, parental level of education, and urbanicity. This research should help to inform policies to reduce SSB intake among young people, particularly those with larger intakes across all education levels in urban and rural areas in Latin America and the Caribbean, and the growing problem of SSBs for public health in sub-Saharan Africa.
Perturbation-based balance training of older adults and effects on physiological, cognitive and sociopsychological factors: a secondary analysis from a randomised controlled trial with 12-month follow-up
Authors: Nørgaard Jens Eg , Andersen Stig , Ryg Jesper , Andreasen Jane , Oliveira Anderson de Souza Castelo , Stevenson Andrew James Thomas , Danielsen Mathias Brix Brix , Jorgensen Martin Gronbech 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPerturbation-based balance training (PBT) has shown promising, although diverging, fall-preventive effects; however, the effects on important physical, cognitive and sociopsychological factors are currently unknown. The study aimed to evaluate these effects on PBT at three different time points (post-training, 6-months and 12-months) in community-dwelling older adults compared with regular treadmill walking.MethodsThis was a preplanned secondary analysis from a randomised, controlled trial performed in Aalborg, Denmark, between March 2021 and November 2022. Community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 were randomly assigned to participate in four sessions (lasting 20 min each) of either PBT (intervention) or regular treadmill walking (control). All participants were assigned to four testing sessions: pretraining, post-training, 6-month follow-up and 12-month follow-up. At these sessions, physical, cognitive and sociopsychological measures were assessed.ResultsIn total, 140 participants were randomly allocated to either the PBT or control group. Short-term (pretraining to post-training) between-group differences were seen for choice stepping reaction time (−49 ms, 95% CI −80 to −18), dual-task gait speed (0.05 m/s, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.09) favouring the PBT group. However, these improvements were not sustained at the 6-month and 12-month follow-up. No significant between-group differences were found in other physical, cognitive or sociopsychological factors.ConclusionsThis study showed that PBT, in the short term, improved choice stepping reaction time and dual-task gait speed among community-dwelling older adults. Yet, these improvements were not retained for 6- or 12-months. The healthy state of the study’s population may have imposed a ceiling effect limiting the ability to show any clinically relevant effects of PBT.Trial registration numberNCT04733222.
IOL decentration sensitivity according to spatial frequencies
Authors: Pieh Stefan , Artmayr Cornelia , Schartmüller Daniel , Kriechbaum Katharina 
Published: August 2024

Background/aimsInvestigation of the decentration sensitivity of monofocal intraocular implants with a focus on different aberration corrections depending on different spatial frequencies.MethodsUsing an optical bench, the decentration sensitivities of an intraocular lens (IOL) with a high spherical aberration correction of −0.27 µm (ZCB00 Johnson & Johnson), an IOL with an aberration correction of −0.20 µm (Primus HD OphthalmoPro) and an IOL with an aberration neutral design (CT Asphina 409MP Carl Zeiss Meditec) were evaluated for Strehl ratio values and for 25, 50 and 100 lp/mm. Two different corneas with +0.13 µm and +0.28 µm were used. The lenses were tested in the best centration and up to a decentration of 0.5 mm.ResultsDecentration sensitivity affects high spatial frequencies more than lower ones. The possible decentration sensitivity is determined by the amount of spherical aberration of the cornea. The effective decentration sensitivity is determined by the extent to which these spherical aberrations are compensated. If these are not compensated, there is hardly any decentration sensitivity.ConclusionHigh spatial frequencies are more affected by decentration sensitivity. The decentration sensitivity of an IOL is determined by the extent to which the spherical aberration of the cornea is corrected.
Exploring factors associated with failure of totally implanted vascular access devices in a regional and rural health service: a retrospective case–control study
Authors: Meredith Carolyn , Mander Gordon TW , Thompson Murray , Elliott Jessica , Reynolds Lorraine , Ng Linda 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe assessment and management of totally implanted vascular access devices (TIVAD) prior to the administration of medications/fluids are vital to ensuring the risk of harm is mitigated. While numerous guidelines exist for the insertion and management of TIVAD, the level of evidence and external validity to support these guidelines is lacking.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with suboptimal TIVAD placement and with failure of TIVAD.MethodsA retrospective case–control study (n=80) was conducted at a regional hospital and health service in Australia. Binomial logistic regression analysis was performed using a backward selection approach to establish variables associated suboptimal TIVAD placement and with TIVAD failure.FindingsSignificant associations were identified between the patient’s primary diagnosis and suboptimal TIVAD insertion. Specifically, a prior diagnosis of breast cancer was associated with a decreased probability of optimal TIVAD tip placement (OR=0.236 (95% CI 0.058 to 0.960), p=0.044). A statistically significant association between TIVAD failure and the log of the heparinised saline flush rate and rate of undocumented flushes was also established. Further research is needed to identify and assess whether modification of these variables improves initial totally implantable venous access ports placement and risk of subsequent failure.
Creating a postgraduate syllabus for a team care diploma examination: a Delphi study
Authors: Iqbal Adil , Zhao Zhi , van Klaveren William , Elbashir Mohammed , Moxon Adam , Houghton Jonathan , Kerss Jim , Jones Natasha , Marino Katherine Rose , Power Jonathan , Roberts Huw , Cooke Rosalyn , Astill Sarah , Nykjaer Camilla , Vishnubala Dane 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThere is no agreed standard assessment of the minimum knowledge and skills that are required to provide healthcare to participants in individual or team sports. This study aims to develop a syllabus for the Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (FSEM) Team Care Diploma examination. This will provide a recognised assessment of the minimum required skills and knowledge for healthcare professionals providing care in an individual and team sport environment.MethodsA modified Delphi approach was used. A syllabus was developed by a purposeful selection of members of the FSEM, all of whom have significant team care experience. This was then reviewed by the Delphi expert panel who were team care practitioners with at least 5 years of experience. A two-round Delphi approach was used to develop a consensus.ResultsThe expert panel consisted of 50 individuals, with 46 (92%) completing both rounds. Of the 447 learning objectives (LOs) proposed; 430 (96%) were accepted outright, 17 (4%) were rejected and four new LOs were introduced based on expert panel feedback. The final syllabus contained 434 LOs across 6 modules (clinical governance, safe and effective practice, interdisciplinary teamwork, specific athlete groups, specific health conditions and duties of the medical team).ConclusionThis standardised syllabus will be used as the basis for the new FSEM Team Care Diploma examination which will aim to provide world-leading standardised assessment of the minimum skills and knowledge required for healthcare professionals across the multidisciplinary team providing care in individual and team sport.
Evaluation of the effects of a gamified, fully immersive and stroke-specific virtual reality intervention for improving disability and quality of life in patients with stroke in the subacute phase: study protocol of the RESET randomised trial
Authors: Hernández-Martínez Alba , Fernandez-Escabias Manuel , Amaya-Pascasio Laura , Carrilho-Candeias Sofia , Ramos-Teodoro Máriam , Gil-Rodríguez Mercedes , Orellana-Jaen Andrea , Martínez-Rosales Elena , Ruiz-González David , Esteban-Simón Alba , Castro-Ropero Belén , del-Olmo-Iruela Laura , López-López María Isabel , Ramos-Herrera Ana Isabel , Fajardo-Rodríguez Manuel F. , Gómez-García Silvia , Rodríguez-Camacho Marta , Conde-Negri Elena , Rodríguez-Pérez Mónica , Marcos-Pardo Pablo Jorge , Ruiz Jonatan R , Villegas-Rodríguez Inmaculada , Amaro-Gahete Francisco J , Martínez-Sánchez Patricia , Soriano-Maldonado Alberto 
Published: August 2024

Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the second cause of death worldwide. The increasing burden of stroke underscores the importance of optimising rehabilitation protocols. Virtual reality (VR) can improve poststroke prognosis. A VR software combining gamification, full immersion and stroke specificity (ie, the Development and validation of a novel viRtual rEality software for improving diSability and quality of lifE in patients with sTroke (RESET) software) might substantially improve disability and quality of life (QoL). However, this technology is still very scarce. The RESET trial aims to assess the effects of an early 10-week gamified, fully immersive and stroke-specific VR intervention (ie, starting at week 3 poststroke) on disability and QoL in people with stroke in the subacute phase. People with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke (n=94) aged ≥18 years will be randomised to receive (1) usual care (UC), (2) commercial VR or (3) gamified, fully immersive and stroke-specific VR (RESET). The three groups will receive UC (ie, three sessions/week of 90 min of standard rehabilitation). The VR groups will additionally receive three VR sessions of 20 min per week. The outcome measures will be assessed at baseline (week 2 from stroke occurrence), week 13 (approximately 90 days from the event) and week 26 (approximately 6 months from the event). The primary outcome is disability measured with the Barthel Index. Secondary outcomes include QoL, upper-extremity and lower-extremity motor function, gross manual dexterity, handgrip strength and cognitive function. This study will unravel the effects of a gamified, fully immersive and stroke-specific VR software on disability and QoL in patients with stroke in the early subacute phase.NCT06132399.
Effectiveness of methotrexate and bridging glucocorticoids with or without early introduction of a 6-month course of etanercept in early RA: results of the 2-year, pragmatic, randomised CareRA2020 trial
Authors: Bertrand Delphine , Joly Johan , Neerinckx Barbara , Durez Patrick , Lenaerts Jan , Joos Rik , Thevissen Kristof , Zwaenepoel Tom , Vanhoof Johan , Di Romana Silvana , Taelman Veerle , Van Essche Els , Corluy Luk , Ribbens Clio , Vanden Berghe Marc , Devinck Mieke , Ajeganova Sofia , Durnez Anne , Boutsen Yves , Margaux Joëlle , Peene Isabelle , Van Offel Jan , Doumen Michaël , Pazmino Sofia , De Meyst Elias , Kulyk Myroslava , Creten Nelly , Westhovens René , Verschueren Patrick 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo investigate if patients with early rheumatoid arthritis responding insufficiently to initial methotrexate (MTX) and bridging glucocorticoids (GCs) could benefit from early but temporary etanercept introduction as a second remission-induction attempt.MethodsCareRA2020 (NCT03649061) was a 2-year, open-label, multicentre, pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Treatment-naïve patients started MTX and GC bridging (COBRA-Slim: CS). Within a time window from week (W) 8 until W32, early insufficient responders (28-joint Disease Activity Score – C-reactive Protein (DAS28-CRP) >3.2 between W8 and W32 or ≥2.6 at W32) were randomised to a Standard-CS strategy (adding leflunomide first) or Bio-induction-CS strategy (adding etanercept for 24 weeks). Additional treatment adaptations followed the treat-to-target principle. Longitudinal disease activity (DAS28-CRP) over 104 weeks (primary outcome), achievement of DAS28-CRP <2.6 28 weeks after randomisation, and biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (b/tsDMARD) use at W104 were compared between randomisation groups.ResultsFollowing CS treatment, 142 patients were early responders; 55 early insufficient responders received Standard-CS and 55 Bio-induction-CS. Superiority of Bio-induction-CS over Standard-CS could not be demonstrated (ß=−0.204, (95% CI –0.486 to 0.078), p=0.157) for the primary outcome. More patients on Bio-induction-CS achieved DAS28-CRP <2.6 at 28 weeks after randomisation (59% (95% CI 44% to 72%) vs 44% (95% CI 31% to 59%) in Standard-CS) and they were treated less frequently with b/tsDMARDs at W104 (19/55, 35%) compared with Standard-CS (29/55, 53%).ConclusionHalf of the patients responded well to initial COBRA-Slim induction therapy. In early insufficient responders, adding etanercept for 6 months did not improve disease control over 104 weeks versus adding leflunomide first. However, temporary introduction of etanercept resulted in improved disease control early after randomisation and less patients on b/tsDMARDs at W104.Trial registration numberNCT03649061.CTR pilot approval BelgiumS59474, EudraCT number: 2017-004054-41.
Variability of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with atrial fibrillation and determination of exercise responders to high-intensity interval training and moderate-to-vigorous intensity continuous training
Authors: Terada Tasuku , Keir Daniel A. , Murias Juan M. , Vidal-Almela Sol , Buckley John , Reed Jennifer L. 
Published: August 2024

Disabling atrial fibrillation (AF)-related symptoms and different testing settings may influence day-to-day cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) measurements, which can affect exercise prescription for high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity continuous training (M-VICT) and their outcomes. This study examined the reliability of CPET in patients with AF and assessed the proportion of participants achieving minimal detectable changes (MDC) in peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) following HIIT and M-VICT. Participants were randomized into HIIT or M-VICT after completing two baseline CPETs: one with cardiac stress technologists (CPETdiag) and the other with a research team of exercise specialists (CPETresearch). Additional CPET was completed following 12 weeks of twice-weekly training. The reliability of CPETdiag and CPETresearch was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and dependent t tests. The MDC score was calculated for V̇O2peak using a reliable change index. The proportion of participants achieving MDC was compared between HIIT and M-VICT using chi-square analysis. Eighteen participants (69 ± 7 years, 33% females) completed two baseline CPETs. The ICCs were significant for all measured variables. However, peak power output (POpeak: 124 ± 40 vs. 148 ± 40 watts, p < 0.001) and HR (HRpeak: 136 ± 22 vs. 148 ± 30 bpm, p = 0.023) were significantly greater in CPETresearch than CPETdiag. Few participants achieved MDC in V̇O2peak (5.6 mL/kg/min) with no difference between HIIT (0%) and M-VICT (10.0%, p = 0.244). POpeak and HRpeak differed significantly in patients with AF when CPETs were repeated under different settings. Caution must be practised when prescribing exercise intensity based on these measures as under-prescription may increase the number of exercise non-responders.
Alberta’s 2023 wildfires: context, factors, and futures
Authors: Beverly Jennifer L. , Schroeder Dave 
Published: August 2024

Wildfires burned an estimated 2.2 million hectares in Alberta in 2023. We describe key attributes of the fires relative to historical fires and fire seasons and offer a perspective on potentially influential factors. Thirty-six large fires ≥10 000 ha generated 95% of annual area burned. Individually, these fires exhibited sizes, fire weather, and behaviour consistent with historical fires; there were simply far more of them in 2023. Thirteen fires reported in early May were ignited by lightning and reached final sizes ≥10 000 ha, revealing a previously unrecognized threat. Historically, large lightning-ignited fires reported before mid-May occur just once per decade on average. Collectively, 18 large fires reported in early May coincided with drier conditions compared with 18 large fires reported after mid-May. Early May fire weather was also warmer and drier than historical weather. The early May fire group was a temporally concentrated outbreak in west-central Alberta and coincided with extreme potential rate of fire spread. Large fires reported after mid-May were intermittent through to September, concentrated in northern regions and coincided with extreme potential for fuel consumption. Individually, these two spatiotemporal modes of fire season severity (outbreak, intermittent) produced annual burned areas on par with historical extremes. Together, the 2023 multi-modal pattern of fire season severity amplified area burned far above anything previously recorded. Potential contributing factors include climate warming, hemispheric teleconnections, phenology and exhaustion of suppression resources. Implications for future fire seasons, research and management are discussed.