bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent and Combined Association of Muscle Strength and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Youth With Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Function in Young Adulthood
Authors: Grøntved Anders , Ried-Larsen Mathias , Ekelund Ulf , Froberg Karsten , Brage Søren , Andersen Lars B. 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE
To examine the independent and combined association of isometric muscle strength of the abdomen and back and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in youth with indices of glucose metabolism in young adulthood among boys and girls from the European Youth Heart Study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used data from a population-based prospective cohort study among youth followed up for up to 12 years (n = 317). In youth, maximal voluntary contractions during isometric back extension and abdominal flexion were determined using a strain-gauge dynamometer and CRF was obtained from a maximal cycle ergometer test. Insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) and β-cell function (homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function [HOMA-B]) were estimated from fasting serum insulin and glucose that were obtained in youth and at follow-up in young adulthood.

RESULTS
For each 1-SD difference in isometric muscle strength (0.16 N/kg) in youth, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B in young adulthood changed by −11.3% (95% CI −17.0 to −5.2), −12.2% (−18.2 to −5.7), and −8.9% (−14.4 to −3.0), respectively, in young adulthood after adjustment for CRF and personal lifestyle and demographic factors. Results for CRF were very similar in magnitude, and the magnitude of associations for both exposures was unchanged with additional adjustment for general or abdominal adiposity in youth. Combined associations of muscle strength and CRF with fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B were additive, and adolescents in the highest sex-specific tertile for both isometric muscle strength and CRF had the lowest levels of these glucose metabolism outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
Increasing muscle strength and CRF should be targets in youth primordial prevention strategies of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction.
Exercise Intensity Levels in Children With Cerebral Palsy While Playing With an Active Video Game Console
Authors: Robert Maxime , Ballaz Laurent , Hart Raphael , Lemay Martin 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundChildren with cerebral palsy (CP) are prone to secondary complications related to physical inactivity and poor cardiorespiratory capacity. This problem could be greatly attenuated through the use of video games that incorporate physical activity for 2 reasons: Video games already represent an important component of leisure time in younger people, and such games can lead to a high level of exercise intensity in people who are healthy.ObjectiveThe study objective was to evaluate exercise intensity in children with spastic diplegic CP and children who were typically developing while playing with an active video game console.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsTen children (7–12 years old) with spastic diplegic CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System level I or II) and 10 children who were age matched and typically developing were evaluated in a movement analysis laboratory. Four games were played with the active video game console (jogging, bicycling, snowboarding, and skiing) for 40 minutes. Heart rate was recorded during the entire playing period with a heart rate belt monitor. Exercise intensity was defined as the percentage of heart rate reserve (HRR). In addition, lower extremity motion analysis was carried out during the final minute of the playing period for the jogging and bicycling games.ResultsNo difference between groups was observed for any variables. A main effect of games was observed for the amount of time spent at an intensity greater than 40% of HRR. Specifically, more than 50% of the playing time for the jogging game and more than 30% of the playing time for the bicycling game were spent at an intensity greater than 40% of HRR. In addition, the jogging game produced a larger range of motion than the bicycling game.LimitationsA limitation of this study was the relatively small and heterogeneous sample.ConclusionsFor all 4 games, similar exercise intensity levels were observed for children who were typically developing and children with CP, suggesting that children with CP could obtain exercise-related benefits similar to those obtained by children without CP while playing with an active video game console.
La comptabilisation des marques : en France, en Allemagne et selon les règles de l'IASC
Authors: Stolowy Hervé , Haller Axel , Klockhaus Volker 
Published: April 2013

Cet article compare les positions retenues dans la norme IAS 38 en matière de marques avec celles de la France et de l’Allemagne. Malgré l’existence de nombreux points de convergence, cette recherche montre que deux pays, souvent classés dans le même groupe de systèmes comptables, ont adopté des solutions différentes tant entre elles qu’à l’égard de la norme IAS 38. Les résultats de cette étude mettent en lumière la difficulté de l’harmonisation internationale. Ils révèlent également que dans la mesure où les caractéristiques qualitatives de la comptabilité sont concernées, les associations, d’une part, entre la philosophie anglo-américaine et la pertinence, et, d’autre part, entre la philosophie européenne continentale et la fiabilité, peuvent ne pas s’appliquer au domaine des marques. Afin de résoudre cette « dysharmonie », l’article milite en faveur de la publication d’informations complémentaires.
Les Invités
Authors: Midler Christophe , Doz Yves , Maugis Guy 
Published: April 2013

Le succès de la Logan de Renault intrigue. N’est-ce pas un succès par erreur, destiné à être éphémère ? À moins qu’il n’annonce une révolution semblable à celle qu’a introduite Ford au siècle dernier‚ ou à celle du low cost dans le transport aérien.
Educating from Failure: Dewey’s Aesthetics and the Case for Failure in Educational Theory
Authors: Stoller Aaron 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
This essay is an attempt to add to the argument that beauty matters in education through offering a reciprocal but interconnected point: if the dynamic harmony and deep connectedness of beauty need to be taken seriously, so must their aesthetic converse–the disharmony and estrangement of failure. While the discourse of philosophical aesthetics has long included categories such as the beautiful, the good, and the virtuous, the seeds for achievement of these ideals are planted in the soil of disharmony, uncertainty, and failure. Using a Deweyan account of art as experience, this essay argues that disharmony and failure are as much aesthetic categories as harmony and beauty and must be taken as seriously in teaching and learning. It further argues that failure, rather than beauty, is often more suited to providing the foundation for unlocking the unique potential of students and helping them cultivate their capacity for creative thought and action.
Imaginatively Experiencing Paintings and Persons
Authors: Freeman Damien 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis essay investigates the special way in which a spectator might engage imaginatively with one work of art when the work is experienced in light of other works by the same artist. In particular, it addresses the idea that we might imaginatively identify with an unrepresented spectator in the picture after we have experienced others in which the same artist invites us to imaginatively identify with a represented spectator in the picture. The essay suggests that experiencing an artist’s oeuvre in this way might have a broader educational application for our practical lives: learning to experience one painting in light of another might enable us to acquire new, imaginative ways of engaging with another agent’s actions in light of our earlier experience of the agent’s actions.
ABBA: An Educational Appreciation
Authors: Pretorius Jannie P.H. , du Toit D. Stephan , Martin Colwyn , Daries Glynnis 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
In this essay the authors provide arguments that teaching is an art and that teachers can learn much about their trade from a careful study of the performances of other artists. Artists and teachers have the same basic challenge: in order to be successful, both groups have to obtain and retain peoples’ attention. This also holds for popular music artists. Ten female student teachers specializing in the Pre-school and Foundation phases of schooling (four-to-six-year olds), and six lecturers from the Faculty of Education at the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa, participated in a workshop at a local game lodge. During the workshop, videos of ABBA songs and Mamma Mia! The Movie were analyzed and discussed. The theme of the workshop was “Being an Excellent Teacher: Appreciating ABBA.” The 4D-cycle of Appreciative Inquiry– Discover, Dream, Design and Destiny–was used as a methodological framework to identify numerous positive themes with possible classroom applications from the songs and the film. These themes were then connected to educational theory and embedded in the insights of Benny Andersson, Björn Ulvaeus, Judy Cramer and other people involved with ABBA. A reflective report by one student teacher about the impact the workshop had on her views of teaching and an excellent class that she presented is also included.
The Himalayas: Barrier and conduit for gene flow
Authors: Gayden Tenzin , Perez Annabel , Persad Patrice J. , Bukhari Areej , Chennakrishnaiah Shilpa , Simms Tanya , Maloney Trisha , Rodriguez Kristina , Herrera Rene J. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThe Himalayan mountain range is strategically located at the crossroads of the major cultural centers in Asia, the Middle East and Europe. Although previous Y‐chromosome studies indicate that the Himalayas served as a natural barrier for gene flow from the south to the Tibetan plateau, this region is believed to have played an important role as a corridor for human migrations between East and West Eurasia along the ancient Silk Road. To evaluate the effects of the Himalayan mountain range in shaping the maternal lineages of populations residing on either side of the cordillera, we analyzed mitochondrial DNA variation in 344 samples from three Nepalese collections (Newar, Kathmandu and Tamang) and a general population of Tibet. Our results revealed a predominantly East Asian‐specific component in Tibet and Tamang, whereas Newar and Kathmandu are both characterized by a combination of East and South Central Asian lineages. Interestingly, Newar and Kathmandu harbor several deep‐rooted Indian lineages, including M2, R5, and U2, whose coalescent times from this study (U2, >40 kya) and previous reports (M2 and R5, >50 kya) suggest that Nepal was inhabited during the initial peopling of South Central Asia. Comparisons with our previous Y‐chromosome data indicate sex‐biased migrations in Tamang and a founder effect and/or genetic drift in Tamang and Newar. Altogether, our results confirm that while the Himalayas acted as a geographic barrier for human movement from the Indian subcontinent to the Tibetan highland, it also served as a conduit for gene flow between Central and East Asia. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:169–182, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Infant mortality and intra‐household competition in the Northern Islands of Orkney, Scotland, 1855–2001
Authors: Sparks Corey S. , Wood James W. , Johnson Patricia L. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTThis study applies principles from the theory of household life cycles to the study of early childhood mortality in the population of the Northern Orkney Islands, Scotland. The primary hypothesis is that unfavorable household economic conditions resulting from changes in household demographic composition increase the risk of death for children under the age of 5 years because of limited resources and intra‐household competition. We apply Cox proportional hazards models to nearly 5,000 linked birth and death records from the Northern Orkney Islands, Scotland, from the period 1855 to 2001. The dependent variable is the child's risk of death before age 5. Findings suggest that children in households with unfavorable age compositions face higher risk of death. This elevated risk of death continues once heterogeneity among children, islands, and households is controlled. Results also show differential risk of death for male children, children of higher birth orders, and twin births. The analyses present evidence for intra‐household competition in this historic setting. The most convincing evidence of competition is found in the effects of household consumer/producer ratios and twinning on child mortality risks. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:191–201, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biocatalytic and Structural Properties of a Highly Engineered Halohydrin Dehalogenase
Authors: Schallmey Marcus , Floor Robert J. , Hauer Bernhard , Breuer Michael , Jekel Peter A. , Wijma Hein J. , Dijkstra Bauke W. , Janssen Dick B. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractTwo highly engineered halohydrin dehalogenase variants were characterized in terms of their performance in dehalogenation and epoxide cyanolysis reactions. Both enzyme variants outperformed the wild‐type enzyme in the cyanolysis of ethyl (S)‐3,4‐epoxybutyrate, a conversion yielding ethyl (R)‐4‐cyano‐3‐hydroxybutyrate, an important chiral building block for statin synthesis. One of the enzyme variants, HheC2360, displayed catalytic rates for this cyanolysis reaction enhanced up to tenfold. Furthermore, the enantioselectivity of this variant was the opposite of that of the wild‐type enzyme, both for dehalogenation and for cyanolysis reactions. The 37‐fold mutant HheC2360 showed an increase in thermal stability of 8 °C relative to the wild‐type enzyme. Crystal structures of this enzyme were elucidated with chloride and ethyl (S)‐3,4‐epoxybutyrate or with ethyl (R)‐4‐cyano‐3‐hydroxybutyrate bound in the active site. The observed increase in temperature stability was explained in terms of a substantial increase in buried surface area relative to the wild‐type HheC, together with enhanced interfacial interactions between the subunits that form the tetramer. The structures also revealed that the substrate binding pocket was modified both by substitutions and by backbone movements in loops surrounding the active site. The observed changes in the mutant structures are partly governed by coupled mutations, some of which are necessary to remove steric clashes or to allow backbone movements to occur. The importance of interactions between substitutions suggests that efficient directed evolution strategies should allow for compensating and synergistic mutations during library design.
A Redox‐Mediator‐Free Solar‐Driven Z‐Scheme Water‐Splitting System Consisting of Modified Ta3N5 as an Oxygen‐Evolution Photocatalyst
Authors: Ma Su Su Khine , Maeda Kazuhiko , Hisatomi Takashi , Tabata Masashi , Kudo Akihiko , Domen Kazunari 
Published: April 2013

AbstractTantalum nitride (Ta3N5) modified with various O2‐evolution cocatalysts was employed as a photocatalyst for water oxidation under visible light (λ>420 nm) in an attempt to construct a redox‐mediator‐free Z‐scheme water‐splitting system. Ta3N5 was prepared by nitriding Ta2O5 powder under a flow of NH3 at 1023–1223 K. The activity of Ta3N5 for water oxidation from an aqueous AgNO3 solution as an electron acceptor without cocatalyst was dependent on the generation of a well‐crystallized Ta3N5 phase with a low density of anionic defects. Modification of Ta3N5 with nanoparticulate metal oxides as cocatalysts for O2 evolution improved water‐oxidation activity. Of the cocatalysts examined, cobalt oxide (CoOx) was found to be the most effective, improving the water‐oxidation efficiency of Ta3N5 by six to seven times. Further modification of CoOx/Ta3N5 with metallic Ir as an electron sink allowed one to achieve Z‐scheme water splitting under simulated sunlight through interparticle electron transfer without the need for a shuttle redox mediator in combination with Ru‐loaded SrTiO3 doped with Rh as a H2‐evolution photocatalyst.
Space Asymmetry as a Possible Global Feature
Authors: Shinitzky Meir 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTA series of reports in the literature indicated symmetry breaking in assemblies of chiral molecules of opposite handedness. These unexpected observations could be accounted for as being generated by the “parity violation” of the nuclear weak force, combined with an autocatalytic amplification process. However, in many such cases, in particular of chiral fluids, this putative mechanism is far from providing a reasonable explanation for such discrimination. In this article it is suggested that space may have deviated a priori from absolute symmetry, a possibility which complies with observations in atoms and molecules and may even be implicated in the asymmetrical configuration of spiral galaxies. Space asymmetry can be extrapolated to a difference between the relative statistical weights of the “right” versus the “left” directions with respect to Euclidian coordinates or, analogously, to a difference between the clockwise and anticlockwise orientations in polar coordinates. The difference in weights of these directions in space is estimated to be around 1%, based on the differences observed in density values of chiral fluids and chiral crystals of NaClO3. The implied asymmetry of time, as the conjugated fourth dimension, suggests a similar difference in magnitude of the time coordinate in a right‐handed versus left‐handed space, which is feasible for experimental verification. Chirality 25:308–311, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of nurse navigation on timeliness of breast cancer care at an academic comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Basu Mohua , Linebarger Jared , Gabram Sheryl G. A. , Patterson Sharla Gayle , Amin Miral , Ward Kevin C. 
Published: April 2013

BACKGROUNDA patient navigation process is required for accreditation by the National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers (NAPBC). Patient navigation has previously been shown to improve timely diagnosis in patients with breast cancer. This study sought to assess the effect of nurse navigation on timeliness of care following the diagnosis of breast cancer by comparing patients who were treated in a comprehensive cancer center with and without the assistance of nurse navigation.METHODSNavigation services were initiated at an NAPBC‐accredited comprehensive breast center in July 2010. Two 9‐month study intervals were chosen for comparison of timeliness of care: October 2009 through June 2010 and October 2010 through June 2011. All patients with breast cancer diagnosed in the cancer center with stage 0 to III disease during the 2 study periods were identified by retrospective cancer registry review. Time from diagnosis to initial oncology consultation was measured in business days, excluding holidays and weekends.RESULTSOverall, 176 patients met inclusion criteria: 100 patients prior to and 76 patients following nurse navigation implementation. Nurse navigation was found to significantly shorten time to consultation for patients older than 60 years (B = −4.90, P = .0002). There was no change in timeliness for patients 31 to 60 years of age.CONCLUSIONSShort‐term analysis following navigation implementation showed decreased time to consultation for older patients, but not younger patients. Further studies are indicated to assess the long‐term effects and durability of this quality improvement initiative. Cancer 2013;119:2524–2531. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Optimisation of antioxidant peptide preparation from corn gluten meal
Authors: Zhuang Hong , Tang Ning , Dong Shu‐ting , Sun Bin , Liu Jing‐bo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDCorn gluten meal, containing approximately 600 g kg−1 protein, is a main by‐product of corn wet milling. The annual output of corn gluten meal in China is over 840 000 tons. However, it is difficult to utilise corn gluten meal in the food industry because of its low water solubility and amino acid imbalance. In the present study, corn gluten meal was hydrolysed by different proteases to produce hydrolysates with antioxidant activity in order to increase its value. The hydrolysis conditions were optimised by multiple linear regression and response surface methodology. Furthermore, the amino acid sequence of one corn peptide was determined.RESULTSThe optimal conditions for alkaline protease hydrolysis were a pH of 9.5, an enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio of 8 g per 100 g, a liquid/solid ratio of 25 mL g−1 and a time of 75 min, while the optimal conditions for flavourzyme hydrolysis were a pH of 7, an E/S ratio of 4.2 g per 100 g and a time of 66 min. After gel filtration chromatography, fraction F2 exhibited the highest antioxidant activities. The amino acid sequence of a purified peptide in fraction F2 was determined as Gly‐His‐Lys‐Pro‐Ser (507.2 Da).ConclusionThe results indicate that corn gluten meal hydrolysates and/or its isolated peptides are potent antioxidants. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
α‐Linalool – a marker compound of forged/synthetic sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oils
Authors: Radulović Niko S , Blagojević Polina D , Miltojević Ana B 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDOcimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) is known to occur as several chemotypes or cultivars that differ in their essential oil composition. The surprising discovery of 3,7‐dimethylocta‐1,7‐dien‐3‐ol, the rare α isomer of the well‐known monoterpene alcohol β‐linalool (3,7‐dimethylocta‐1,6‐dien‐3‐ol), in samples of Serbian basil oil provoked an investigation of the origin of α‐linalool in these samples. Three scenarios were considered, namely (a) the existence of a new natural chemotype, (b) an artefactual formation during the isolation procedure and (c) the case of a synthetic/forged oil.RESULTSNoteworthy amounts (15.1–16.9%) of pure α‐linalool were isolated from a commercial sample of basil oil, and detailed spectral analyses (MS, IR, 1H and 13C NMR) unequivocally confirmed its identity. The analysis by GC and GC/MS of an additional 20 samples of different O. basilicum oils commercially available on the Serbian market or isolated from plant material cultivated in Serbia resulted in the identification of 149 compounds. The obtained compositional data were compared using multivariate statistical analysis to reveal the possible existence of a new basil chemotype.CONCLUSIONThe results of the chemical and statistical analyses give more pro arguments for the synthetic/forged oil hypothesis and suggest that α‐linalool could be used as a marker compound of such O. basilicum oils. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry