bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhythm as a Coordinating Device: Entrainment With Disordered Speech
Authors: Borrie Stephanie A. , Liss Julie M. 
Published: April 2014

PurposeThe rhythmic entrainment (coordination) of behavior during human interaction is a powerful phenomenon, considered essential for successful communication, supporting social and emotional connection, and facilitating sense-making and information exchange. Disruption in entrainment likely occurs in conversations involving those with speech and language impairment, but its contribution to communication disorders has not been defined. As a first step to exploring this phenomenon in clinical populations, the present investigation examined the influence of disordered speech on the speech production properties of healthy interactants.MethodTwenty-nine neurologically healthy interactants participated in a quasi-conversational paradigm, in which they read sentences (response) in response to hearing prerecorded sentences (exposure) from speakers with dysarthria (n= 4) and healthy controls (n= 4). Recordings of read sentences prior to the task were also collected (habitual).ResultsFindings revealed that interactants modified their speaking rate and pitch variation to align more closely with the disordered speech. Production shifts in these rhythmic properties, however, remained significantly different from corresponding properties in dysarthric speech.ConclusionEntrainment offers a new avenue for exploring speech and language impairment, addressing a communication process not currently explained by existing frameworks. This article offers direction for advancing this line of inquiry.
The Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation on the Speech Motor System
Authors: Mücke Doris , Becker Johannes , Barbe Michael T. , Meister Ingo , Liebhart Lena , Roettger Timo B. , Dembek Till , Timmermann Lars , Grice Martine 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
Chronic deep brain stimulation of the nucleus ventralis intermedius is an effective treatment for individuals with medication-resistant essential tremor. However, these individuals report that stimulation has a deleterious effect on their speech. The present study investigates one important factor leading to these effects: the coordination of oral and glottal articulation.

Method
Sixteen native-speaking German adults with essential tremor, between 26 and 86 years old, with and without chronic deep brain stimulation of the nucleus ventralis intermedius and 12 healthy, age-matched subjects were recorded performing a fast syllable repetition task (/papapa/, /tatata/, /kakaka/). Syllable duration and voicing-to-syllable ratio as well as parameters related directly to consonant production, voicing during constriction, and frication during constriction were measured.

Results
Voicing during constriction was greater in subjects with essential tremor than in controls, indicating a perseveration of voicing into the voiceless consonant. Stimulation led to fewer voiceless intervals (voicing-to-syllable ratio), indicating a reduced degree of glottal abduction during the entire syllable cycle. Stimulation also induced incomplete oral closures (frication during constriction), indicating imprecise oral articulation.

Conclusion
The detrimental effect of stimulation on the speech motor system can be quantified using acoustic measures at the subsyllabic level.
Effortful Pitch Glide: A Potential New Exercise Evaluated by Dynamic MRI
Authors: Miloro Keri Vasquez , Pearson William G. , Langmore Susan E. 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanics of the effortful pitch glide (EPG) with swallowing using dynamic MRI. The EPG is a combination of a pitch glide and a pharyngeal squeeze maneuver for targeting laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles. The authors hypothesized that the EPG would elicit significantly greater structural excursions of anterior hyoid, superior hyoid, hyolaryngeal approximation, laryngeal elevation, and lateral pharyngeal wall medialization compared with swallowing.

Method
Eleven healthy, young subjects with a mean age of 25 were recruited. The EPG was first taught and verified via laryngoscopy. Then 2-planar (coronal and sagittal) dynamic MRI acquisitions captured 10 repeated swallows and 3 EPGs. Kinematic analyses of minimum and maximum excursion of anatomical landmarks were calculated.

Results
Results showed a nonsignificant difference between the 2 tasks for range of excursion with all measured biomechanics except for superior hyoid, where the swallow showed significantly greater excursion. This indicated that swallowing and EPG biomechanics were comparable, lending support for the potential use of the EPG as another nonswallowing exercise.

Conclusion
Findings suggest EPG may be an effective exercise to target several important swallowing muscles, especially the long pharyngeal muscles that elevate the larynx and shorten the pharynx in swallowing.
Test–Retest Reliability of Respiratory Resistance Measured With the Airflow Perturbation Device
Authors: Gallena Sally K. , Solomon Nancy Pearl , Johnson Arthur T. , Vossoughi Jafar , Tian Wei 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
In this study, the authors aimed to determine reliability of the airflow perturbation device (APD) to measure respiratory resistance within and across sessions during resting tidal (RTB) and postexercise breathing in healthy athletes, and during RTB across trials within a session in athletes with paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM) disorder.

Method
Prospective, repeated-measures design. The APD measured respiratory resistance during 3 baseline assessments in 24 teenage female athletes, 12 with and 12 without PVFM. Control athletes provided data at rest and following a customized exercise challenge during each of 3 sessions. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis assessed strength of relationships, and repeated-measures analysis of variance assessed differences across trials and sessions.

Results
ICC analyses confirmed strong correlations across RTB trials for inspiratory, expiratory, and mean respiratory resistance in both groups. Inspiratory resistance decreased ~5% between sessions for control participants; expiratory and mean respiratory resistances were stable. Data from control athletes across sessions and following rigorous exercise were strongly correlated when taken at comparable intervals.

Conclusions
APD-measured respiratory resistance, including separate assessments for the inspiratory and expiratory phases, has strong test–retest reliability during RTB and after exercising. This suggests that the APD is a useful measurement tool for the assessment of airway function in patients suspected of having PVFM.
Tip‐sensitive fibre‐optic Bragg grating ultrasonic hydrophone for measuring high‐intensity focused ultrasound fields
Authors: Wang D.H. , Jia Ping Gang , Ma Z.G. , Xie L.F. , Liang Q.B. 
Published: April 2014

A tip‐sensitive fibre‐optic Bragg grating ultrasonic hydrophone (TSFBGUH) with high spatial resolution for measuring high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) fields is reported. When measuring a HIFU field, the sensitive axis of the TSFBGUH with a flexible fibre‐optic sensor holder should be in parallel with the acoustic axis of the HIFU transducer to ensure the measured ultrasound impinges on the tip of the TSFBGUH. The TSFBGUH system has been established and tested. The experimental results show that the acoustic pressure sensitivity of the TSFBGUH system is about 31.3 mV/MPa within the measurement range of 10 MHz and the noise equivalent pressure is about 10.4 kPa.
5.8 GHz propagation of low‐height wireless links in sea port scenario
Authors: Reyes‐Guerrero J.C. , Mariscal L.A. 
Published: April 2014

Experimental fading measurements were performed in Cadiz Bay, Spain, for a variety of operational scenarios over the sea at the unlicensed 5.8 GHz frequency band. Measurements are based on continuous wave (CW) transmissions with both the transmitter and the receiver installed in typical low‐height maritime platforms, such as oceanographic buoys, military ships and boats. Based on the measurements, large‐scale and small‐scale fading statistics are characterised by cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) and key wireless channel parameters are estimated and discussed. Results show, first, that large‐scale fading can be modelled using classical log‐normal path‐loss models and, secondly, that small‐scale fading statistics fits the extreme value distribution (EVD) function when they are expressed in decibel units. This study can be used for practical planning of wireless communications in maritime applications and as an experimental basis for further simulation works.
Cascaded Brillouin fibre lasers coupled to unitravelling carrier photodiodes for narrow linewidth terahertz generation
Authors: Ducournau G. , Bacquet D. , Szriftgiser P. , Pavanello F. , Peytavit E. , Zaknoune M. , Beck A. , Lampin J.‐F. 
Published: April 2014

Narrow linewidth terahertz (THz) generation using a cascaded Brillouin fibre laser structure and a unitravelling carrier photodiode is investigated. Using two distributed feedback lasers separated by > 1 THz with 1 MHz initial linewidth, the use of the cascaded Brillouin laser greatly increases the linewidth reduction factor compared to a single Brillouin laser structure. The linewidth of the realised THz source is found to be < 100 Hz at 1014.7 GHz without the use of any active stabilisation of the laser cavity or any microwave reference.
High swing PLL charge pump with current mismatch reduction
Authors: Joram N. , Wolf R. , Ellinger F. 
Published: April 2014

A compensated charge pump for use in phase‐locked loops (PLLs) is presented, which reaches several of the desired design goals for this type of circuit. The measured mismatch between the source and sink currents is below 2.1% for a large output voltage headroom of 83.3% of the supply, while still having a high output resistance of 140 kΩ. This behaviour is reached with a novel dual compensation method. The circuit was implemented in a 180 nm CMOS technology using a 3 V supply.
Multiplexed DNA repair assays for multiple lesions and multiple doses via transcription inhibition and transcriptional mutagenesis
Authors: Nagel Zachary D. , Margulies Carrie M. , Chaim Isaac A. , McRee Siobhan K. , Mazzucato Patrizia , Ahmad Anwaar , Abo Ryan P. , Butty Vincent L. , Forget Anthony L. , Samson Leona D. 
Published: April 2014

Significance
DNA, the blueprint of the cell, is constantly damaged by chemicals and radiation. Because DNA damage may cause cell death or mutations that may lead to diseases such as cancer, cells are armed with an arsenal of several distinct mechanisms for repairing the many types of DNA damage that occur. DNA repair capacity (DRC) varies among individuals, and reduced DRC is associated with disease risk; however, the available DRC assays are labor intensive and measure only one pathway at a time. Herein, we present powerful new assays that measure DRC in multiple pathways in a single assay. We use the assays to measure interindividual DRC differences and inhibition of DNA repair, and to uncover unexpected error-prone transcriptional bypass of a thymine dimer.
Phenolic compounds from leaves of Casimiroa edulis showed adipogenesis activity
Authors: Nagai Hiroyuki , Tanaka Toshiyuki , Goto Tsuyoshi , Kusudo Tatsuya , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Kawada Teruo 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Casimiroa edulis is known as cochitzapotl, and it belongs to a species of tropical fruiting tree in the family Rutaceae, native to eastern Mexico and Central America south to Costa Rica. In this study, we isolated two furocoumarins and two polymethoxyflavones from leaves of C. edulis and evaluated the functions of glucose and lipid metabolism activity with 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We discovered that the addition of furocoumarins increased glucose uptake and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. These results suggest that furocoumarin compounds can be used as functional food-derived compounds, to regulate adipocyte functioning for the management of metabolic syndrome, which is associated with dysfunctions of glucose and lipid metabolism.
Pectin of Prunus domestica L. alters sulfated structure of cell-surface heparan sulfate in differentiated Caco-2 cells through stimulation of heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase-2
Authors: Nishida Mitsutaka , Murata Kazuma , Kanamaru Yoshihiro , Yabe Tomio 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Although previous reports have suggested that pectin induces morphological changes of the small intestine in vivo, the molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. As heparan sulfate plays important roles in development of the small intestine, to verify the involvement of heparan sulfate (HS) in the pectin-induced morphological changes of the small intestine, the effects of pectin from Prunus domestica L. on cell-surface HS were investigated using differentiated Caco-2 cells. Disaccharide compositional analysis revealed that sulfated structures of HS were markedly changed by pectin administration. Real-time RT-PCR showed that pectin upregulated human HS 6-O-endosulfatase-2 (HSulf-2) expression and markedly inhibited HSulf-1 expression. Furthermore, inhibition analysis suggested that pretreatment with fibronectin III1C fragment, RGD peptide, and ERK1/2 inhibitor suppressed pectin-induced HSulf-2 expression. These observations indicate that pectin induced the expression of HSulf-2 through the interaction with fibronectin, α5β1 integrin, and ERK1/2, thereby regulating the sulfated structure of HS on differentiated Caco-2 cells.
Does a water‐training macrocycle really create imbalances in swimmers' shoulder rotator muscles?
Authors: Batalha Nuno , Marmeleira José , Garrido Nuno , Silva António J. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe continuous execution of swimming techniques may cause muscle imbalances in shoulder rotators leading to injury. However, there is a lack of published research studies on this topic. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of a competitive swim period on the shoulder rotator–cuff balance in young swimmers. A randomized controlled pretest–posttest design was used, with two measurements performed during the first macrocycle of the swimming season (baseline and 16 weeks). Twenty‐seven young male swimmers (experimental group) and 22 male students who were not involved in swim training (control group) with the same characteristics were evaluated. Peak torque of shoulder internal and external rotators was assessed. Concentric action at 1.04 rad s−1 (3 repetitions) and 3.14 rad s−1 (20 repetitions) was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex System 3). External/internal rotators strength ratios were also obtained. For both protocols, there were significant training effects on internal rotator strength and external/internal rotator ratios (p ≤. 05). This trend was the same for both shoulders. Within‐group analysis showed significant changes from baseline to 16 weeks for internal rotators strength and unilateral ratios of the experimental group. Swimmers' internal rotator strength levels increased significantly. In contrast, a significant decrease of the unilateral ratios was observed. Findings suggest that a competitive swim macrocycle leads to an increase in muscular imbalances in the shoulder rotators of young competitive swimmers. Swimming coaches should consider implementing a compensatory strength‐training program.
A power set-based statistical selection procedure to locate susceptible rare variants associated with complex traits with sequencing data
Authors: Sun Hokeun , Wang Shuang 
Published: April 2014

Motivation: Existing association methods for rare variants from sequencing data have focused on aggregating variants in a gene or a genetic region because of the fact that analysing individual rare variants is underpowered. However, these existing rare variant detection methods are not able to identify which rare variants in a gene or a genetic region of all variants are associated with the complex diseases or traits. Once phenotypic associations of a gene or a genetic region are identified, the natural next step in the association study with sequencing data is to locate the susceptible rare variants within the gene or the genetic region.
Results: In this article, we propose a power set-based statistical selection procedure that is able to identify the locations of the potentially susceptible rare variants within a disease-related gene or a genetic region. The selection performance of the proposed selection procedure was evaluated through simulation studies, where we demonstrated the feasibility and superior power over several comparable existing methods. In particular, the proposed method is able to handle the mixed effects when both risk and protective variants are present in a gene or a genetic region. The proposed selection procedure was also applied to the sequence data on the ANGPTL gene family from the Dallas Heart Study to identify potentially susceptible rare variants within the trait-related genes.
Availability and implementation: An R package ‘rvsel’ can be downloaded from http://www.columbia.edu/∼sw2206/ and http://statsun.pusan.ac.kr.
Contact: sw2206@columbia.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The patterns of organizational learning in a private secondary school in rural Pakistan
Authors: Nawab Ali 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore Pakistani patterns of organizational learning (OL) in order to understand how schools as organizations learn and improve within this context.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using a qualitative case study approach, and activity theory as diagnostic framework, data were generated from various school stakeholders through semi-structured interviews and observations.

Findings
– It is found that schools in Pakistan are more inclined toward the technical perspective of OL; mostly relying on external sources to acquire knowledge for organizational improvement. This is due to the lack of strong intellectual capital as well as the lack of interactions among teachers inside schools.

Practical implications
– The focus of academicians and practitioners in developing the context should be supporting schools in their acquisition of knowledge and its dissemination across the whole school system. Moreover, creating structures and cultures for teachers’ interaction inside schools might be helpful for generating knowledge from the workplace.

Originality/value
– The paper also presents a model of OL which could be used to study and speed up the processes of OL especially in developing context.
Audit quality and market pricing of earnings and earnings components in China
Authors: Habib Ahsan , Jiang Haiyan , Zhou Donghua 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of audit quality on the market pricing of earnings and earnings components in China.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper measures audit quality using three tiers of audit firm designation, namely International Big 4 audit firms, local Top 10 audit firms and, finally, the local second-tier audit firms. Earnings are decomposed into accruals and cash flow components and accruals are further decomposed into discretionary and non-discretionary accruals.

Findings
– The paper finds that, although earnings and its components are priced positively by the Chinese stock market, Big 4 audit does not provide any incremental benefit to clients in terms of market pricing of clients’ financial numbers. The paper finds a negative impact of local Top10 audit on the pricing of earnings in China. However, the paper finds no incremental effect of local Top 10 audit on the market pricing of earnings components.

Originality/value
– Although prior research in China has used modified audit opinion as the audit quality matrix, the paper considers market valuation of earnings and earnings components for firms audited by different categories of auditors.
Setting the agenda for research on issue arenas
Authors: Vos Marita , Schoemaker Henny , Liisa Luoma-aho Vilma 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– This paper seeks to contribute to the field of corporate communication by clarifying the theoretical basis of communication in issue arenas and proposing an agenda for research on issue arenas.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing on insights from stakeholder thinking, network theory, issues management, and agenda-setting theory, the authors identify different levels of analysis that could explain the behaviour of organisations in the public debate on current issues.Findings– The organisation-centred approach is replaced by a strong emphasis on interaction in networks of organisations, groups and individuals. Decision-making on communication strategies can be further developed by analysing the particularities of each issue arena, in particular the characteristics of the issue and the actors involved as well as the course of the debate and the communication strategies utilised in stakeholder interaction.Research limitations/implications– This theoretical approach calls for further research, but offers an agenda and suggests four starting levels for analysis.Practical implications– This paper provides a timely approach to the analysis of corporate communication that may help understand the complexities of a rapidly changing organisational environment and, ultimately, assist organisations in developing customised communication strategies suited to each issue arena relevant to their operations.Originality/value– Insights from various theories are brought together to serve as a starting point for the further analysis of communication in issue arenas.
Under the reputation umbrella
Authors: Cian Luca , Cervai Sara 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– Currently, in the literature, words such as “corporate image”, “projected image”, “construed image”, “reputation”, “organizational identity”, and “organizational culture” are often confused and superimposed. This creates a conceptual mismatch that leads to results that are hard to compare. Moreover, this leads to difficulty in individuating the correct tools to investigate these constructs. Part of this confusion is due to the lack of a framework shared by different literatures. The aim of this paper is firstly to propose a reasoned review of the literatures related to these constructs. Secondly, the authors propose a new framework and a standard terminology, in which reputation is the wider construct that includes and relates to the others.Design/methodology/approach– The authors performed an extensive and multidisciplinary review in the 12 most used databases within corporate communication, organizational psychology, marketing, organizational studies, management, and business. A semiotic and relational approach was implemented asmodus operandi.Findings– The paper builds on the previous literature, clarifying labels and constructs and identifying a standard terminology to which future studies can refer in order to facilitate a multidisciplinary dialog along different disciplines.Originality/value– To the authors' knowledge, this is the first review to take into consideration all of the seven constructs together and relate them within one framework. Moreover, it uses a novel approach in seeing “reputation” as an umbrella construct under which all the other constructs are grouped and included.