bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and morphological alterations in the Achilles tendon of mdx mice
Authors: De Aro Andrea Aparecida , Da Ré Guerra Flávia , Marretto Esquisatto Marcelo Augusto , Nakagaki Wilson Romero , Gomes Laurecir , Pimentel Edson Rosa 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTDystrophin‐deficient muscles have repeated cycles of necrosis and regeneration, being susceptible to injury induced by muscle contractions. Some studies have demonstrated that tendons are also affected in mdx mice, based especially on the changes in biomechanical properties arising from the respective linked muscles. However, most studies have focused only on alterations in the myotendinous junction. Thus, the purpose of this work was to study biochemical and morphological alterations in the Achilles tendons of 60‐day‐old mdx mice. Hydroxyproline quantification, showed higher collagen concentration in the mdx mice as compared with the control. No difference between the tendons of both groups was found in the noncollagenous proteins dosage, and in the amount of collagen type III detected in the western blotting analysis. The zymography for gelatinases detection showed higher amounts of metaloproteinase‐2 (active isoform) and of metalloproteinase‐9 (latent isoform) in the mdx mice. Measurements of birefringence, using polarization microscopy, showed higher molecular organization of the collagen fibers in the tendons of mdx mice in comparison to the control group, with presence of larger areas of crimp. Ponceau SS‐stained tendon sections showed stronger staining of the extracellular matrix in the mdx groups. Toluidine blue‐stained sections showed more intense basophilia in tendons of the control group. In morphometry, a higher number of inflammatory cells was detected in the epitendon of mdx group. In conclusion, the Achilles tendon of 60‐day‐old mdx mice presents higher collagen concentration and organization of the collagen fibers, enhanced metalloproteinase‐2 activity, as well as prominent presence of inflammatory cells and lesser proteoglycans. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:85–93, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Über eine neue Thiochromon‐Synthese
Authors: Bossert Friedrich 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn Hand zahlreicher Beispiele wird über die Synthese von Thiochromonen durch Kondensation von Thiophenolen mit β‐Ketocarbonsäureestern in Polyphosphorsäure berichtet. Die Ausbeuten bei dieser einfachen Reaktion betragen in den meisten Fällen bis zu 90% d. Th.
Abbau und Reaktionen der Onsäureazide
Authors: Bognár Rezsö , Farkas István , Szabó Ilona F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPentaacetyl‐D‐galaktonsäureazid (Ia) kann mit Acetanhydrid in krist. N‐[D‐Galakto‐pentaacetoxyamyl]‐acetamid (IIIa) umgewandelt werden. Diese Verbindung mit geminaler Hydroxyamin‐Struktur läß sich mit Ammoniak zu D‐Lyxose‐diacetamid (Va), mit Salzsäure zu D‐Lyxose (IVa) abbauen. Auf dieselbe Weise haben wir aus Tetraacetyl‐D‐arabonsäureazid (Ib) D‐Erythrose‐diacetamid (Vb) bzw. D‐Erythrose (IVb) erhalten. Das Auftreten des acetylierten Monoacetamino‐Derivates III als Zwischenprodukt des Wohlschen Abbaus wird erwiesen.
Über Peptidsynthesen, XXVI 1. Mitteilung über Angiotensin‐Analoga. Synthese von Val5‐Angiotensin II‐Asp1‐β‐amid, von Lys2‐Val5‐ und von Val2‐Val5‐Angiotensin II‐Asp1‐β‐amid
Authors: Schröder Eberhard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSynthesen von Val5‐Angiotensin II‐Asp1‐β‐amid [Asp(NH2)‐Arg‐Val‐Tyr‐Val‐His‐Pro‐Phe], von Lys2‐Val5‐Angiotensin II‐Asp1‐β‐amid und Val2‐Val5‐Angiotensin II‐Asp1‐β‐amid aus den entsprechenden Carbobenzoxydipeptidsäuren (bzw.‐hydraziden) und Hexapeptid‐tert.‐butylestern und die nachfolgende Abspaltung der Schutzgruppen werden beschrieben. — Die biologischen Eigenschaften der Oktapeptide werden besprochen.
Über Peptidsynthesen, XXVII. 2. Mitteilung über Angiotensin‐Analoga. Synthese von Tyr3‐Val4‐Val5‐, von Phe6‐Val5‐ und von Phe4‐Tyr8‐Val5‐Angiotensin II‐Asp1‐β‐amid
Authors: Schröder Eberhard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNach der Azid‐ und Anhydrid‐Methode unter Verwendung von C‐terminalem tert.‐Butylester in Kombination mit der Carbobenzoxygruppe wurden drei Analoga des Val5‐Angiotensin II‐Asp1‐β‐amids synthetisiert.
Aminozuckersynthesen, VIII. Oxazolidone des D‐Gulosamins durch Intramolekulare Nucleophile Reaktion
Authors: Gross Paul H. , Brendel Klaus , Zimmerman Howard K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractEs wird eine intramolekulare nucleophile Reaktion von N‐Cbo‐3.4‐anhydro‐D‐galaktosamin‐Derivaten zu Derivaten des D‐Gulopyranosido‐[2.3 : 4′5′]‐oxazolidons‐(2′) beschrieben. Die Reaktion erfolgt in siedender, wäßr. Essigsäure.
Microornamentation of leaf chameleons (Chamaeleonidae: Brookesia, Rhampholeon, and Rieppeleon)—with comments on the evolution of microstructures in the chamaeleonidae
Authors: Riedel Jendrian , Böhme Wolfgang , Bleckmann Horst , Spinner Marlene 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTChameleons (Chamaeleonidae) feature many adaptations to their arboreal lifestyle, including zygodactylous feet, a prehensile tail, and epidermal microstructures. In arboreal tree chameleons, the substrate‐contacting site of the feet and tail is covered by microscopic hair‐like structures (setae) of 6–20 µm length. Their friction enhancing function has been shown in recent studies. Leaf chameleons and one representative of the tree chameleons (Chamaeleo namaquensis) secondarily have become ground‐dwelling. Because leaf chameleons are paraphyletic, one could expect that in the three leaf chameleon genera Brookesia, Rhampholeon, and Rieppeleon and the tree chameleon Ch. namaquensis, epidermis has adapted independently to terrestrial locomotion. Using scanning electron microscopy, we investigated the substrate‐contacting surfaces of the feet (subdigital) of 17 leaf chameleon species and five tree chameleon species that have not yet been examined. Additionally, surfaces not involved in locomotion, the flanks (dorsolateral), and scale interstices, were examined. Although the subdigital microstructures in leaf chameleons are more diverse than in tree chameleons, we found some features across the genera. The subdigital microornamentation of Rhampholeon spinosus consists of long thin setae and spines, comparable to those of tree chameleons. All other Rhampholeon species have spines or short but broad setae. Rh. spectrum had tooth‐like structures instead of setae. Subdigital scales of Brookesia have either thorns or conical scale‐tops in the center and feature honeycomb microstructures. In Rieppeleon, subdigital scales have a thorn. Scale surfaces are covered by honeycombs and short hair‐like structures (spines). As subdigital scales with a thorn in the center and honeycomb microstructures were also found in the terrestrial tree chameleon Ch. namaquensis, one can assume that this geometry is a convergent adaptation to terrestrial locomotion. Despite the great number of genus‐specific traits, the convergent evolution of honey‐comb structures in Brookesia, Rieppeleon, and Ch. namaquensis and the high variability of spines and setae in Rhampholeon suggests a rapid adaptation of subdigital microornamentation in Chamaeleonidae. J. Morphol. 276:167–184, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Osteology and ontogeny of the wrymouths, genusCryptacanthodes(Cottiformes:Zoarcoidei:Cryptacanthodidae)
Authors: Schnell Nalani K. , Hilton Eric J. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThe four species included in the family Cryptacanthodidae are eel‐like, burrowing fishes distributed in the cold‐temperate coastal waters of the North Pacific and the western North Atlantic. This study describes the osteology and aspects of the ontogenetic skeletal development of two species,Cryptacanthodes maculatusfrom the western North Atlantic andC. aleutensisfrom the eastern North Pacific. We discuss the relationships of Cryptacanthodidae among other zoarcoid families. The Cryptacanthodidae have been previously included in the Stichaeidae, but removed and classified as a separate family based on the skull, pectoral radial, and cephalic lateral‐line morphology. Our observations (similarities in gill arch and pectoral girdle morphology; specifically, a thin sheet‐like flange of bone from the posterior margin of the supracleithrum) suggest a close relationship to at least some of the members of the family Stichaeidae. J. Morphol. 276:185–208, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effectiveness OF Mulching Under Miraba in Controlling Soil Erosion, Fertility Restoration and Crop Yield in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania
Authors: Mwango Sibaway Bakari , Msanya Balthazar Michael , Mtakwa Peter W. , Kimaro Didas N. , Deckers Jozef , Poesen Jean 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSoil erosion is a major threat to food security in rural areas of Africa. Field experiments were conducted from 2011 to 2014 in Majulai and Migambo villages with contrasting climatic conditions in Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. The aim was to investigate the effectiveness of mulching in reducing soil erosion and restoring soil fertility for productivity of maize (Zea mays) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) under miraba, a unique indigenous soil conservation measure in the area. Soil loss was significantly higher (p < 0·05) under miraba sole than under miraba with mulching, for example, 35 versus 20 and 13 versus 8 Mg ha−1 y−1 for Majulai and Migambo villages, respectively, in 2012. Soil fertility status was significantly higher (p < 0·05) under miraba with Tughutu mulching than under miraba sole, for example, 0·35 versus 0·25% total N, 37 versus 22 mg kg−1 P and 0·6 versus 0·2 cmol(+) kg−1 K for the Majulai village; and 0·46 versus 0·38 total N, 17·2 versus 10·2 mg kg−1 P and 0·50 versus 0·2 cmol(+) kg−1 K for the Migambo village. Maize and bean yields (Mg ha−1) were significantly higher (p < 0·05) under miraba with Tughutu mulching than under miraba sole, 2·0 versus 1·3 for maize and 0·9 versus 0·8 for beans in Majulai; and 3·8 versus 2·6 for maize and 1·0 versus 0·8 for beans in the Migambo village in 2012. This implies that Tughutu mulching is more effective in improving crop yield than Tithonia, although both could potentially protect the arable land from degradation caused by water erosion under miraba. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Families with Wilson's disease in subsequent generations: Clinical and genetic analysis
Authors: Dzieżyc Karolina , Litwin Tomasz , Chabik Grzegorz , Gramza Karolina , Członkowska Anna 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIntroductionWilson's disease is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. The prevalence of Wilson's disease in most populations is approximately 1 in 30,000. The risk for offspring is 0.5%. The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of disease among offspring of a cohort of Wilson's disease patients.Materials and MethodsIn February 2014, our registry included 760 cases of diagnosed Wilson's disease. We selected families in which Wilson's disease was diagnosed in the proband's offspring.ResultsBetween 1957 and 2014, 1,050 relatives of affected members were screened. Wilson's disease in subsequent generations was observed in nine non‐consanguineous families, with 12 affected offspring from nine probands.ConclusionWe detected a higher (4.08%) than expected (0.5%) frequency of Wilson's disease among proband offspring, which is in accordance with a recent genetic study in the United Kingdom that suggested a higher WD prevalence in the European population. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Revisit of the anatomy of the distal perforator of the descending genicular artery and clinical application of its perforator “propeller” flap in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects around the knee
Authors: Zheng He‐Ping , Zhuang Yue‐Hong , Lin Jian , Zhang Yi Xin , Levin L. Scott , Grassetti Luca , Lazzeri Davide , Persichetti Paolo 
Published: October 2014

PurposeIn this article,we revisited the anatomy of the distal perforator of the descending genicular artery (DGA) and report the clinical application of its perforator propeller flap in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects around the knee.MethodsForty fresh human lower limbs were dissected to redefine the anatomy of the branches of the DGA and their perforators and the anatomical landmarks for clinical applications. Five patients underwent “propeller” distal anteromedial thigh (AMT) flaps based on DGA perforators for the reconstruction of post‐traumatic (n = 4) and post‐oncologic (n = 1) soft tissue defects occurring near the knee with a size ranging from 4.8 cm × 6.2 cm to 10.5 cm × 18.2 cm.ResultsA constant cutaneous perforator of the osteoarticular branch (OAB) of the DGA was found in the distal AMT fossa with a mean caliber of 1.2 ± 0.4 mm. It arose 9.4 ± 3.1 cm distally to the origin of the OAB and 4.0 ± 0.4 cm above the knee joint. The size of the harvested flaps ranged from 6.0 cm × 7.1 cm to 11.0 cm × 20.1 cm. All the flaps healed uneventfully at a mean period of 7.4 months. All the patients regained full range motion of the knee‐joint.ConclusionOur study provided evidence of the vascular supply and the clinical application of the distal AMT flap based on a constant perforator arising from the OAB of the DGA. This flap may be a versatile alternative for the reconstruction of the defects around the knee because of its consistent vascular pedicle, pliability and thinness, adequate retrograde perfusion, and the possible direct suture of the donor site. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 35:370–379, 2015.
The impact of lower urinary tract symptoms on health‐related quality of life among patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Khalaf Kristin M. , Coyne Karin S. , Globe Denise R. , Malone Daniel C. , Armstrong Edward P. , Patel Vaishali , Burks Jack 
Published: October 2014

AimsLower urinary tract symptoms are commonly experienced among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), however, their impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) has not been well characterized. Herein the incremental impact of lower urinary tract symptoms on HRQOL among patients with MS has been evaluated.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was administered to US residents with a self‐reported MS diagnosis. Data pertaining to demographics, disease history, urinary symptoms, and HRQOL, including the Short Form 36, version 2 (SF‐36v2), were collected. Patients were stratified into four urinary symptom groups: no/minimal urinary symptoms, urinary urgency (UU), urinary urgency incontinence (UUI), and other lower urinary tract symptoms. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the impact of these symptoms.ResultsOut of the 1,052 respondents, mean age was 47.8 ± 10.6 years; mean time since MS diagnosis was 8.5 ± 7.8 years. UUI and UU subgroups showed the greatest adjusted HRQOL decrement compared with the no/minimal urinary symptoms group, scoring 2.8 (SE ± 0.7, UUI) and 3.5 (SE ± 0.8, UU) points lower on SF‐36v2 Physical Component Summary, respectively, and 3.7 (SE ± 1.0, UUI) and 5.0 (SE ± 1.2, UU) points lower on SF‐36v2 Mental Component Summary (P < 0.001 for all), respectively.ConclusionsBoth UU and UUI symptoms contribute to a decrement in HRQOL among patients with MS. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:48–54, 2016. ©The Authors. Neurourology and Urodynamics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bacterial uropathogens and antibiotic susceptibility of positive urine cultures in women with pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence
Authors: Kow Nathan , Holthaus Emily , Barber Matthew D. 
Published: October 2014

AimsThe aims of the study are to describe the speciation and resistance patterns of positive urinary cultures in women with pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) and those undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery.MethodsUrine cultures with a colony count of >105 CFU and <3 isolated uropathogens at a tertiary care Urogynecology practice over a 5‐year period for patients with anterior wall dominant pelvic organ prolapse (POP) or urinary incontinence (UI) were identified. Speciation and culture sensitivity data were described for each group and compared to a control group who did not currently have a PFD and who had not undergone pelvic surgery within a year of their positive culture. Additionally, early post‐operative UTIs (≤6 weeks) and late post‐operative UTIs (>6 weeks but ≤1 year) were compared.Results1,306 positive urine cultures over the 5‐year period with 51 different species of uropathogens were identified. The percentage of Escherichia coli identified was not significantly different between groups: POP 57.1%, Stress UI 58.4%, Urge UI 54.3%, non‐operative controls 54.3%. Cultures obtained from patients on prophylactic antibiotics were significantly less likely to have E. coli (adjusted OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.22, 0.89, P < 0.0216). Non‐E. coli cultures were more common in the early post‐operative period compared to the late post‐operative cultures (69% vs. 41%, adjusted OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.22, 0.48, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsPatients with PFDs who develop UTIs have rates of non‐E. coli over 40% of the time. Treatment based on culture and antibiotic sensitivity data should be considered. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:69–73, 2016. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of short‐ and long‐term sildenafil treatment on erectile dysfunction in rats with partial bladder outlet obstruction
Authors: Gur Serap , Yurdaarmagan Buket , Bayatli Nur , Sikka Suresh C. 
Published: October 2014

AimLower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are frequent problems in older men worldwide. We evaluated the effect of short‐ and long‐term sildenafil treatment on erectile function in rats with surgically induced partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO).MethodsA total of 60 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized in five groups: (1) control (sham‐operated); (2) PBOO for 3 weeks; (3) PBOO for 6 weeks; (4) sildenafil (1.5 mg/rat/day) treated PBOO for 3 weeks; and (5) sildenafil treated PBOO for 6 weeks. We assessed erectile function by measuring intracavernous pressures (ICP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and total ICP after cavernous nerve stimulation. Corpus cavernous smooth muscle (CCSM) strips were isolated and evaluated for relaxation responses using organ‐bath preparation. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression was determined immunohistochemically.ResultsExperimental PBOO at 3 and 6 weeks showed decreased erectile response based on ICP/MAP ratio, total ICP and decreased expression of nNOS, which returned to normal after prolonged daily treatment with sildenafil. CCSM strips from PBOO rats displayed reduced relaxation responses to both electrical field stimulation (EFS) and acetylcholine (ACh) as well as nNOS enzyme intensity when compared to untreated PBOO group, which was reversed by treatment with sildenafil for 6 weeks.ConclusionsDaily sildenafil treatment prevents development of ED in PBOO rats in a time dependent manner. Further studies are needed to explore the effectiveness of sildenafil in patients with BPH/LUTS in association with ED. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:108–114, 2016. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
National study of utilization of male incontinence procedures
Authors: Chughtai Bilal , Sedrakyan Art , Isaacs Abby J. , Mao Jialin , Lee Richard , Te Alexis , Kaplan Steven 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimsWe explored re‐interventions and short and long term adverse events associated with procedures for male incontinence among Medicare beneficiaries.MethodsAll inpatient and outpatient claims for a simple random sample of Medicare beneficiaries for 2000–2011 were queried to identify patients of interest. All male patients with an International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition (ICD‐9) diagnosis code for stress incontinence or mixed incontinence were included. Artificial urinary sphincter recipients, patients who underwent a sling operation and those receiving an injection of a bulking agent were identified with Current Procedure Terminology (CPT‐4) and ICD‐9 Procedure Codes.ResultsThe entire cohort of 1,246 patients were operated on between 2001 and 2011. 34.9% of them received an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS), 28.7% with a bulking agent, and 36.4% with a sling. There were no statistically significant differences in demographics or comorbidities between the treatment groups, except that more sling patients were obese (P = 0.006) and fewer bulk patients had diabetes (P = 0.007). There are, however, significant changes in procedures selected over time (P < 0.001).In the first year and over the entire follow‐up after surgery, patients treated with bulking agents had the most subsequent interventions (40.1% and 52.9%), followed by sling (10.4% and 15.5%), and AUS (2.3% and 20%) (P < 0.001). Post‐operative and 90 day complications were low.ConclusionsAll three treatments seem to be safe among Medicare beneficiaries with multiple comorbidities. The urological, infectious, and neurological complication occurrences were low. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:74–80, 2016. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intermittent catheterization difficulty questionnaire (ICDQ): A new tool for the evaluation of patient difficulties with clean intermittent self‐catheterization
Authors: Guinet‐Lacoste Amandine , Jousse Marylène , Tan Eliane , Caillebot Murielle , Le Breton Frédérique , Amarenco Gérard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimsOnce a catheterization technique has been learned and acquired, psychological barriers have been overcome and a specific catheter has been selected, a patient will need to use clean intermittent self‐catheterization (CISC) on a long‐term basis. Over this long period of time, several technical or anatomical difficulties and local complications may be observed. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a specific test, referred to as the ICDQ (intermittent catheterization difficulty questionnaire), in order to evaluate and quantify patients' difficulties during CISC.MethodsThe questionnaire was validated in neurogenic patients. Thirteen items were chosen, concerning ease of catheter insertion and withdrawal, the presence of pain, limb spasticity, urethral sphincter spasms, and local urethral bleeding during catheterization. The frequency and intensity of these difficulties were scored. The comprehension, relevance, psychological and time consumption acceptance and face validity were evaluated. Reliability (internal consistency and test–retest reliability using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC]) was carried out.ResultsThe ICDQ was validated in 70 neurogenic patients (mean age 51.6 ± 13, 44 females, 26 males). Comprehension and acceptance of the questionnaire were good. Cronbach's alpha was α = 0.88. The ICC demonstrated good test–retest reliability.ConclusionThe ICDQ is a valid test for the evaluation of catheter use, and of patients' difficulties during CISC. However, in order to facilitate CISC, we propose the interpretation of ICDQ results, drug combinations such as the use of alpha‐blockers or botulinum toxin injections in the external urethral sphincter, or a change of catheter. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:85–89, 2016. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.