bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability of Selected Traits of Ips Typographus (L.) (Col.: Scolytinae) Populations In Beskid Żwiecki (Western Carpathians, Poland) Region Affected By Bark Beetle Outbreak
Authors: Grodzki Wojciech , Starzyk Jerzy R. , Kosibowicz Mieczysław 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In 2010-2012, investigations on Ips typographus populations were carried out in Norway spruce stands recently affected by bark beetle outbreak in the Beskid Żywiecki Mts. in Poland. The aim of the study was to test the usefulness of several traits describing I. typographus populations for evaluation of their actual outbreak tendency. Infestation density, sex ratio, gallery length, progeny number and beetle length were used as the traits. Trait variability was analyzed in relation to infested tree mortality in the current year of observation and outbreak tendency defined by the comparison of data on tree mortality in the current year and that in the year before.
The highest infestation density was found in the stands representing the highest tree mortality in the current year and in those characterized by decreasing outbreak tendency. The gallery system with 2 maternal galleries dominated. The sex ratio of attacking beetles inclined towards females (63.8%) and remained stable during 3 years of observations; the highest percentage of females was found in locations being in stabilization/latency outbreak phase. The length of maternal galleries was somewhat negatively affected by infestation density and positively correlated with the number of progeny in the gallery. The average beetle length was 4.800 mm (± 0.293), ranging between 3.718 and 5.817 mm and being the highest in the uppermost class of tree mortality recorded in the current year of observation. The shortest beetles were collected in the stands with increasing outbreak tendency, and slightly longer - in the stands with outbreak stable and decreasing tendencies.
None of the traits tested can be selected as a direct indicator for prediction of outbreak tendency in I. typographus populations. Possible reasons of variability in the analyzed traits are discussed. The traits indicate that I. typographus in the study area represent very high reproductive potential, thus the risk of repeated outbreak is very high
Height-Diameter Models for Mixed-Species Forests Consisting of Spruce, Fir, and Beech
Authors: Petráš Rudolf , Bošeľa Michal , Mecko Julian , Oszlányi Julius , Popa Ionel 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Height-diameter models define the general relationship between the tree height and diameter at each growth stage of the forest stand. This paper presents generalized height-diameter models for mixed-species forest stands consisting of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.), Silver fir (Abies alba L.), and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) from Slovakia. The models were derived using two growth functions from the exponential family: the two-parameter Michailoff and three-parameter Korf functions. Generalized height-diameter functions must normally be constrained to pass through the mean stand diameter and height, and then the final growth model has only one or two parameters to be estimated. These “free” parameters are then expressed over the quadratic mean diameter, height and stand age and the final mathematical form of the model is obtained. The study material included 50 long-term experimental plots located in the Western Carpathians. The plots were established 40-50 years ago and have been repeatedly measured at 5 to 10-year intervals. The dataset includes 7,950 height measurements of spruce, 21,661 of fir and 5,794 of beech. As many as 9 regression models were derived for each species. Although the “goodness of fit” of all models showed that they were generally well suited for the data, the best results were obtained for silver fir. The coefficient of determination ranged from 0.946 to 0.948, RMSE (m) was in the interval 1.94-1.97 and the bias (m) was -0.031 to 0.063. Although slightly imprecise parameter estimation was established for spruce, the estimations of the regression parameters obtained for beech were quite less precise. The coefficient of determination for beech was 0.854-0.860, RMSE (m) 2.67-2.72, and the bias (m) ranged from -0.144 to -0.056. The majority of models using Korf’s formula produced slightly better estimations than Michailoff’s, and it proved immaterial which estimated parameter was fixed and which parameters were free
Application of Network Analysis for Development and Promotion of Sustainable Tourism in Public Forests
Authors: Brach Michał , Górski Dariusz 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The issue of sustainable tourism within valuable natural areas has been extensively discussed ever since the emergence of sustainable development philosophy in the 1990s. In view of growing public interest in nature recreation and tourism development, the importance of addressing this subject matter has hitherto increased significantly. The main objective of the present paper was to offer a tool for supporting development and promotion of sustainable tourism in Poland’s forests managed by the State Forests - National Forest Holding. GIS technology, and specific tools for network analysis were used in the project. During task realization, only free and open software sources were used. The work was performed based on the example of the Forest District Żołędowo (Regional Directorate of State Forests in Toruń, Poland) with the use of District’s spatial data resources. A web application was created to present information about tourist attractions and infrastructure on an interactive map with tools for route planning. As a result, there has been developed the web mapping application which provides general access to tourism related information and enables planning touristic routes by pre-specified criteria. Implemented routing algorithms can help traffic management and further protection of the areas vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures. The system created not only promotes attractive tourist sites but also, supports targeting tourist traffic, and accordingly - adds to the progress of sustainable tourism
Diversity of Ancient Woody Species in Urban Forests
Authors: Fornal-Pieniak Beata , Ollik Marcin , Zaraś-Januszkiewicz Ewa , Żarska Barbara 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Mostly parks and forest are the most important ‘green islands’ in urban ecological network. Urban forests are belong to green areas and collected many plant species. The main aim of the article was characteristic of ancient plant species in urban forests in Tarnów. The field studies were carried out in years 2011-2012. It covered 80 phytosociological records on the area 500 m2 in herb layer of urban forests and in forest nature on oak-hornbeam. The results showed that many ancient plant species were growing in urban forest but less than in nature reserves
Effect of CO2 enhancement on beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedling root rot due to Phytophthora plurivora and Phytophthora cactorum
Authors: Tkaczyk Miłosz , Sikora Katarzyna , Nowakowska Justyna A. , Kubiak Katarzyna , Oszako Tomasz 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Global climate change is associated with higher concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). The ongoing changes are likely to have significant, direct or indirect effects on plant diseases caused by many biotic agents such as phytopathogenic fungi. This study results showed that increased CO2 concentration did not stimulate the growth of 1-year-old beech Fagus sylvatica L seedlings but it activated pathogenic Phytophthora species (P. plurivora and P. cactorum) which caused significant reduction in the total number of fine roots as well as their length and area. The results of the greenhouse experiment indicated that pathogens once introduced into soil survived in pot soil, became periodically active (in sufficient water conditions) and were able to damage beech fine roots. However, the trees mortality was not observed during the first year of experiment. DNA analyses performed on soil and beech tissue proved persistence of introduced Phytophthora isolates.
Improved Robustness of Generalized Predictive Control for Uncertain Systems
Authors: Khelifa Khelifi Otmane , Noureddine Bali , Lazhari Nezli 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An off-line methodology has been developed to improve the robustness of an initial generalized predictive control (GPC) through convex optimization of the Youla parameter. However, this method is restricted with the case of the systems affected only by unstructured uncertainties. This paper proposes an extension of this method to the systems subjected to both unstructured and polytopic uncertainties. The basic idea consists in adding supplementary constraints to the optimization problem which validates the Lipatov stability condition at each vertex of the polytope. These polytopic uncertainties impose a non convex quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP) problem. Based on semidefinite programming (SDP), this problem is relaxed and solved. Therefore, the robustification provides stability robustness towards unstructured uncertainties for the nominal system, while guaranteeing stability properties over a specified polytopic domain of uncertainties. Finally, we present a numerical example to demonstrate the proposed method.
Mixture Dilution on a Natural Gas SI Engine Operating at Low Load
Authors: Vávra JiŘí , Takáts Michal , Bohac Stani 
Published: February 2015

Shrnutí
V článku je prezentován výsledek experimentálního průzkumu spalování zředěné směsi zemního plynu se vzduchem při nízkém zatížení zážehového motoru. Zředění směsi vzduchem a recirkulujícími spalinami bylo porovnáno s provozem na stechiometrickou směs. Byla provedená detailní termodynamická analýza záznamu průběhu tlaku ve válci a byl vyhodnocen a analyzován průběh hoření. Výsledky naznačují potenciál ke zlepšení účinnosti motoru a současně možnost významného snížení emise NOX v surových spalinách v porovnání se spalováním homogenní stechiometrické směsi.
Regional variation in the effect of schooling on people's incomes in Poland
Authors: Domański Henryk , Pokropek Artur 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The analysis, based on a Polish national sample from 2006, aims to cast light on the regional variation in the effect of education on incomes. Building on the conceptual framework developed in the theory of human capital we investigate to what extent pay-offs for human capital differ across detailed administrative districts in Poland. By incorporating contextual characteristics, we examine how micro- and macro-level factors shape labour market outcomes. Our findings provide further support for the hypothesis that there is much regional variation in the influence of education on incomes, which suggests that there are better and worse places for the development of a meritocratic distribution of incomes. It appears that education pays more highly in more economically-developed regions, marked by a higher rate of occupational activity.
Phlegmon of the Foot As A Camel Bite Complication
Authors: Skonieczny Bartosz , Skonieczny Wojciech 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe great popularity of foreign excursions and travel in exotic directions, as well as increasing popularity of breeding exotic animals at home, is evidence that in daily practice one may observe injuries inflicted by animals atypically occurring in Poland.The study presented and described a rare case of a patient attacked by a camel living in an agro-tourism farm in our country. Thanks to the combination of surgical and conservative treatment complete wound healing was observed, including the skin grafts, with preserved motor function of the foot.
A Case of Traumatic Rupture of the Pancreas. Combined Surgical and Endoscopic Management
Authors: Paszkiewicz Izabela , Płatkowski Cezary , Dobosz Łukasz , Dobosz Marek 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTraumatic rupture of the pancreas is a rare and difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problem. The authors present a case of traumatic rupture of the pancreas (grade IV on AAST scale) where concurrent endoscopic and surgical management was used.
Advocating mixed-methods approaches in health research
Authors: MacKenzie Bryers H , VanTeijlingen E , Pitchforth E 
Published: February 2015

This methods paper provides researchers in Nepal with a broad overview of the practical and philosophical aspects of mixed-methods research. The three authors have a wide-ranging expertise in planning and conducting mixed-methods studies. The paper outlines the different paradigms or philosophies underlying quantitative and qualitative methods and some of the on-going debates about mixed-methods. The paper further highlights a number of practical issues, such as (a) the particular mix and order of quantitative and qualitative methods; (b) the way of integrating methods from different philosophical stance; and (c) how to synthesise mixed-methods findings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i5.12018 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014; 4(5):417-22
Rethinking Postcolonial Melodrama and Affect
Authors: Majithia Sheetal 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT: This article rethinks melodrama’s history, uses, and effects, through an analysis of Deepa Mehta’s film Earth (1998), an adaptation of Bapsi Sidhwa’s novel on the partition of British India, Cracking India (1991). The film offers an encounter with postcolonial and global melodrama that raises questions of comparison, categorization, and periodization, as well as of the association of the melodramatic mode with “secular modernity” – the universal condition to which Peter Brooks suggests melodrama owes its rise. In Mehta’s film, the often disparaged aesthetic of melodrama makes sense of affective history by signifying the body and generating potential ethical knowledge through “affective reason,” which is often conveyed through Mehta’s use of interruptions, flashbacks, reversals, and simultaneities. The film thereby suggests a temporality that stands as an alternative to the progressive and teleological linearity underlying concepts of a homogenous and secular modernity and to official, realist accounts of nationalism.
Patellar groove replacement in patellar luxation with severe femoro-patellar osteoarthritis
Authors: Dokic Z. , Lorinson D. , Weigel J. P. , Vezzoni A. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryObjective: To report a novel method of treating femoro-patellar instability in association with severe femoro-patellar osteoarthritis, by substituting the femoral trochlear with a patellar groove replacement prosthesis.Study design: Retrospective case series.Methods: Preoperative lameness was scored from 0–4, and radiographic studies including standard positions for patellar luxation were obtained for evidence of malalignment and femoro-patellar osteoarthritis. Cases with or without previous surgeries were included. The size of trochlear implant was determined by transparent templates and confirmed intra-operatively with trials. Radiographic images, together with clinical examinations, were reviewed immediately and at three months postoperatively and at longer term when available.Results: Thirty-five cases of patellar luxation ranging from grades II to IV were included. Eleven of these cases had prior surgical interventions which failed to stabilize the patella. Fourteen dogs required additional surgical procedures in conjunction with patellar groove replacement. Complications occurred in six patients, of which three required revision. Complete resolution of subjectively- assessed lameness was evident in 24/35 cases by the third month and in another seven of 35 patients on the longer term re-evaluations.Clinical significance: Use of a patellar groove replacement prosthesis has the potential to decrease the lameness associated with severe femoro-patellar arthritis, to improve patellar stability, and to correct the alignment of the extensor mechanism.
Deux points de vue sur le changement linguistique
Authors: Béguelin Marie-José 
Published: February 2015

Bien des auteurs abordent aujourd’hui le changement linguistique dans une perspective déterministe, via des échelles de grammaticalisation conduisant du « lexical » au « grammatical », du « moins grammatical » au « plus grammatical », du « sémantiquement plein » au « sémantiquement vide ». Cette vision orientée, unidirectionnelle, du changement trouve une critique précoce dans les réflexions de F. de Saussure, aux yeux de qui le changement grammatical est aléatoire, a-téléologique, dû aux (ré) analyses accidentelles du matériau langagier qui interviennent hic et nunc dans l’esprit des sujets parlants, sous la pression exclusive des formes contemporaines. On examine, à l’aune de ces deux points de vue antagonistes, quelques cas de changement syntaxique, avant de poser la question de savoir où se situent au juste les supposées « tendances » en matière d’évolution linguistique.
Deauville (1859-1875), une histoire d'entreprise
Authors: Stoskopf Nicolas 
Published: February 2015

Bien informés du contexte local, le docteur Olliffe et Armand Donon, respectivement médecin et banquier du duc de Morny, acquièrent en 1859-1860 200 ha de marais en déshérence face à Trouville. L’objectif est de construire une ville nouvelle articulée autour de trois pôles qui portent le sceau de Morny : le casino en bord de mer, l’hippodrome au débouché du pays d’Auge et un bassin à flot proche de la gare, reliée à Paris. Les villas luxueuses construites sur la Terrasse et la qualité de leurs propriétaires contribuent à la création d’une image de marque, celle d’une villégiature élégante, un « Bade marin, un Brighton français ». Les promoteurs attendent que cette image soit reconnue et diffusée par la presse pour créer en 1863-1864 des sociétés immobilières et une banque locale. Mais l’exploitation est contrariée par la mort de Morny en 1865, la guerre et la chute de l’Empire en 1870 , le recul du rivage en 1874-1875. La ville reste inachevée. Paradoxalement, la spéculation tourne au fiasco, mais le plan d’urbanisme, la liaison ferroviaire avec Paris, la construction d’un hippodrome et le standing des villas sont des éléments déterminants sur le long terme pour l’avenir de la station.
Des villas pivotantes aux solariums tournants
Authors: Raynal Cécile , Lefebvre Thierry 
Published: February 2015

L’idée de faire tourner des habitations « hygiéniques » et des galeries de cure sanatoriale pour suivre le mouvement apparent du soleil, fait son chemin au début du XX e siècle. Ces innovations, forcément dispendieuses, parviennent parfois à s’imposer dans un contexte économique contraignant. L’article s’intéresse tout particulièrement à trois initiatives qui connaîtront des destins différents : la « Villa Tournesol » du Dr Pellegrin, le « Palais magique » des architectes Lécuyer et Jubault, et les « Solariums tournants » du Dr Saidman. Ces derniers, désormais bien documentés par les historiens, constituent certainement une des plus grandes réussites de cette architecture non conventionnelle.
Trouver l'extraordinaire dans l'infra-ordinaire : pour une mystique profane
Authors: Filliot Philippe 
Published: February 2015

Mon propos est de montrer que la mystique est une voie possible pour « re-penser l’ordinaire ». Contrairement aux représentations habituelles, la vie spirituelle laisse en effet une place importante au monde quotidien, dans ses aspects les plus infimes, et, en apparence, insignifiants. L’essentiel peut pourtant résider dans les petites choses. La banalité devient alors le lieu d’une expérience sacramentelle qui ne renvoie pas à un « au-delà » mais qui se vit concrètement dans le réel « tel qu’il est ». Transcendance dans l’immanence qui renvoie à certaines traditions spirituelles orientales et occidentales, mais aussi, en dehors des religions, à la littérature et aux arts qui laïcisent la dimension sacrée, depuis en particulier le romantisme jusqu’à notre postmodernité.
Éléments pour une poétique critique du monde industriel
Authors: Giroux Dalie 
Published: February 2015

Ce texte propose une réflexion critique sur les possibilités poétiques d’habitation dans les paysages postindustriels. À partir d’une relecture de la notion de déracinement chez Heidegger et de la nostalgie bachelardienne de la maison traditionnelle, il s’agit de visiter certains lieux d’habitation contemporains pour en explorer la signification poétique : la tour d’habitation, l’autoroute, le métro, les zones postindustrielles.
Host–Parasite Behavioral Interactions in a Recently Introduced, Whooping Crane Population
Authors: King Richard S. , McKann Patrick C. , Gray Brian R. , Putnam Michael S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The whooping crane Grus americana has a long conservation history, but despite multiple attempts across North America, introduction success is lacking. Recently introduced, captively reared whooping cranes have had periods of poor reproductive performance in central Wisconsin that sometimes coincided with black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) emergences. Sandhill crane Grus canadensis reproductive performance in central Wisconsin is approximately double that of whooping cranes. We used comfort behaviors as a measure of black fly harassment to infer whether behavioral differences existed between nesting sandhill cranes and nesting whooping cranes and between successful and unsuccessful whooping crane pairs. To further explore the interaction between black flies and incubating whooping cranes, we examined differences in behaviors between incubating birds and their off-nest mates. Compared to their off-nest mates, incubating whooping cranes exhibited elevated comfort behaviors, suggesting a bird at a nest may experience greater harassment from black flies. Sandhill cranes had elevated head-flicks over whooping cranes. Whooping cranes exhibited more head-rubs than sandhill cranes, and successful whooping crane pairs had elevated head-rubs over pairs that deserted their nests. Behavioral differences between sandhill cranes and whooping cranes as well as differences in reproductive performance, could be explained by exposure to local breeding conditions. Whereas sandhill cranes have nested in the area for hundreds, if not thousands, of years, whooping cranes were only recently introduced to the area. Behavioral differences between the species as well as those between successful and unsuccessful whooping crane pairs could also be explained by the effect of captive exposure, which could affect all whooping crane introductions.