bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A educação a distância no ensino superior e a lógica das competências
Authors: Gilberto Irene Jeanete Lemos 
Published: January 2013

A expansão de cursos de licenciatura a distância tem gerado debates sobre a qualidade de ensino e a formação de professores. Os documentos oficiais que tratam da educação a distância, ao enfatizar a formação de qualidade, sinalizam que, na dinâmica pedagógica da educação a distância, o professor é um elemento imprescindível para o processo da aprendizagem e, como tal, precisa estar bem preparado, conhecer as tecnologias, sem limitar-se ao tecnicismo. O texto põe em discussão questões voltadas para a educação a distância, partindo do pressuposto de que, sendo a universidade o espaço livre da produção do conhecimento, torna-se fundamental compreender a educação a distância como prática social e política que possibilita o desenvolvimento da autonomia do educando. O trabalho aborda essas questões com base em resultado de pesquisa realizada com professores que atuam em cursos de licenciatura na modalidade a distância, e tem por objetivo trazer reflexões sobre a formação, que envolve a lógica das competências. Considerando a concepção nuclear de qualidade nos documentos oficiais, os resultados da pesquisa apontaram o redirecionamento dado pelos pesquisadores à questão das competências, dentro de uma perspectiva crítica que busca revitalizar a compreensão dos saberes nos processos de aprendizagem.
« Le duo des voix équivoques ». Qui parle chez Garneau ?
Authors: Boisclair Antoine 
Published: January 2013

Il n’est plus à prouver que la génération de La Relève fut la première, au Canada français, à interroger l’identité du sujet en dehors de paramètres strictement religieux ou nationalistes. Afin de montrer comment la poésie et les textes en prose de Saint-Denys Garneau font écho à ce questionnement, la plupart des lecteurs ont souligné à juste titre l’influence exercée chez lui par le personnalisme et l’existentialisme chrétiens. Sans chercher à réfuter cette lecture, nous pouvons élargir à d’autres horizons le contexte artistique et intellectuel dans lequel Garneau élabore ses théories du sujet. À partir d’une lecture de poème (« Tous et chacun »), nous proposons ici d’établir des parallèles entre le sujet garnélien, qui tend à s’effacer au profit d’une « voix » incertaine, et les conceptions de l’instance créatrice que l’on retrouve chez des auteurs plus ou moins contemporains de Garneau. Nous constatons notamment qu’une des fonctions principales que Garneau assigne au sujet poétique (« établir un ordre intelligible entre les choses » de manière à révéler des « harmonies ») s’inscrit dans une tradition moderne à laquelle se rattachent notamment Claudel et Reverdy. Dans une perspective plus large, nous pouvons croire que Garneau, à l’instar de Valéry, a tenté d’ouvrir le sujet à l’extériorité sensible sans pour autant abolir le Je. Il appartient à la « fin de l’intériorité », selon la formule employée par Laurent Jenny, mais aussi à toute une série d’écrivains ayant privilégié la « conscience » — celle de soi et celle des autres — au détriment de l’« imagination » telle qu’elle fut conçue par les surréalistes. Le sujet garnélien, cette « voix équivoque » qui se mêle au paysage, trouve ainsi son équilibre « entre deux mondes », entre intériorité et extériorité, mais aussi entre la conscience et l’effacement.
De la difficulté de traduire Saint-Denys Garneau en anglais1
Authors: Blodgett Edward D. 
Published: January 2013

Bien que les poèmes de Saint-Denys Garneau aient attiré l’attention d’un bon nombre de traducteurs et de traductrices anglophones, les deux qui ont le mieux réussi sont F. R. Scott et John Glassco, deux poètes associés au groupe de McGill, lequel était actif à l’époque de Saint-Denys Garneau. Leur rapport avec le poète québécois sera abordé en deux volets. Dans un premier temps, je décris les contextes historiques reliés à l’émergence de la poésie de Saint-Denys Garneau. S’il a fallu plusieurs années pour que sa poésie soit dûment reconnue par les lecteurs francophones, son accueil par le milieu littéraire anglophone fut encore plus lent, et il est même frappant que ce dernier n’ait jamais accordé au poète le statut qui lui revient. En dépit du fait qu’une traduction complète de ses poésies par John Glassco soit disponible, son absence dans le monde littéraire anglophone serait due à la fois à ses traductions et à l’incapacité des lecteurs anglophones à comprendre sa poésie. Il y aurait une différence d’imaginaire entre les lecteurs canadiens et québécois. Pour éclaircir cette différence, je me sers, dans le second volet de la réflexion, de la distinction qu’établit Pascal entre l’esprit de géométrie et l’esprit de finesse, dont le premier caractériserait le lecteur canadien et le second, le lecteur québécois. Même si, en somme, Saint-Denys Garneau avait la bonne fortune de trouver une traduction vraiment réussie, ce qu’il n’a pas pour le moment, une telle traduction ne trouverait que peu de lecteurs.
Mort et renaissances de l’écrivain maudit
Authors: Lapointe Martine-Emmanuelle 
Published: January 2013

Le présent article s’attache à deux des modes de lecture de l’oeuvre aquinienne qui traversent la critique et l’essai québécois contemporains. La lecture biographique, plus volontiers mythifiante, de certains essayistes et biographes aquiniens permettra, d’une part, de réfléchir à la fascination qu’exerce encore aujourd’hui le sacrifice d’Aquin sur ses lecteurs contemporains. D’autre part, il s’agira de mieux cerner l’inscription de l’oeuvre aquinienne dans les dossiers que la revue Liberté a fait paraître entre 2006 et 2012. En réactualisant la dimension politique de l’oeuvre d’Aquin, les auteurs de la revue réfléchissent à la fois sur la quasi-disparition de l’engagement politique dans la sphère culturelle et sur le décentrement de la parole littéraire à l’époque contemporaine. D’un point de vue comme de l’autre, Aquin et son oeuvre méritent d’être relus, d’être tirés de la bibliothèque ou du tombeau afin de répondre, ne serait-ce que par la négative, aux angoisses et aux obsessions des contemporains. Nous entendons en somme dépasser certaines idées reçues sur la construction des figures auctoriales, lesquelles viseraient selon certains auteurs à « simplifier [l’oeuvre] pour [la] rendre comestible ** ». Malgré ses limites évidentes, le mythe offre à l’oeuvre une possible survie dans le concert des médias contemporains et permet de saisir les enjeux d’une certaine représentation, historique sans doute, de la littérature québécoise.
Le zâr taciturne : Jean-William Forestier*
Authors: Pleau Jean-Christian 
Published: January 2013

L’antiphonaire d’Hubert Aquin donne corps, d’une manière paradoxale, à une poétique du silence, et ce par le truchement du personnage essentiellement muet de Jean-William Forestier. Ce faisant, le romancier surmonte la principale aporie rencontrée par sa réflexion théorique du début des années 1960 : le silence, envisagé de longue date par celui-ci comme posture politique dictée par la situation québécoise, pourrait ainsi déboucher sur autre chose qu’un retrait de la littérature. Mais la figure de Jean-William sert aussi à thématiser dans la diégèse une possession que Christine Forestier, principale narratrice, désigne comme principe organisateur de son écriture « désordonnée ». Cette figure sera mise en rapport avec les zâr de Gondar étudiés par Michel Leiris ainsi qu’avec le personnage d’Hamlet. On en conclura que L’antiphonaire est une Apocalypse au sens de Derrida, et qu’il explicite, pour Aquin, une manière de réconciliation avec la possibilité de la littérature.
Narrateur à l’action
Authors: Bérard Cassie 
Published: January 2013

Dans le recueil L’art de la fugue de Guillaume Corbeil, un
narrateur-auteur souligne sa participation à la construction d’histoires à la narrativité
éclatée. L’étude du texte « Elles détestaient Madrid » permet d’interroger la conception du
récit mise en branle dans le recueil. L’objectif est de rendre compte des manifestations du
narrateur-constructeur dans la nouvelle de Corbeil en observant le traitement de la
temporalité et des actions, mais surtout de mettre en saillie la richesse d’une oeuvre
québécoise encore jamais analysée.
Prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder and disease activity outcomes in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mikuls Ted R. , Padala Prasad R. , Sayles Harlan R. , Yu Fang , Michaud Kaleb , Caplan Liron , Kerr Gail S. , Reimold Andreas , Cannon Grant W. , Richards J. Steuart , Lazaro Deana , Thiele Geoffrey M. , Boscarino Joseph A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and disease activity in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsUS veterans with RA were enrolled in a longitudinal observational study and were categorized as having PTSD, other anxiety/depression disorders, or neither of these psychiatric diagnoses using administrative codes. Generalized linear mixed‐effects models were used to examine the associations of the diagnostic groups with outcomes measured over a mean followup period of 3.0 years.ResultsAt enrollment, 1,522 patients had a mean age of 63 years, they were primarily men (91%), and a majority (78%) reported white race. A diagnosis of PTSD was observed in 178 patients (11.7%), and other anxiety/depression diagnoses (excluding PTSD) were found in 360 patients (23.7%). The presence of a PTSD diagnosis was independently associated with higher values of self‐reported pain, physical impairment, tender joint count, and worse patient global well‐being scores compared to patients with no psychiatric diagnosis. There were no significant group differences in swollen joint count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or Disease Activity Score in 28 joints. There were no differences between any outcomes comparing those with PTSD and those with other anxiety/depression diagnoses.ConclusionIn this RA cohort, the diagnosis of PTSD was associated with worse patient‐reported outcomes and tender joint counts, but not with other physician‐ or laboratory‐based measures of disease activity. These results suggest that PTSD, along with other anxiety/depression disorders, may affect RA disease activity assessments that rely on patient‐reported outcomes and the resulting treatment decisions.
Highly Efficient Greenish‐Yellow Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Interzone Exciton Transfer
Authors: Chang Yi‐Lu , Kamino Brett A. , Wang Zhibin , Helander Michael G. , Rao Yingli , Chai Lily , Wang Suning , Bender Timothy P. , Lu Zheng‐Hong 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPhosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) have undergone tremendous growth over the past two decades. Indeed, they are already prevalent in the form of mobile displays, and are expected to be used in large‐area flat panels recently. To become a viable technology for next generation solid‐state light source however, PHOLEDs face the challenge of achieving concurrently a high color rendering index (CRI) and a high efficiency at high luminance. To improve the CRI of a standard three color white PHOLED, one can use a greenish‐yellow emitter to replace the green emitter such that the gap in emission wavelength between standard green and red emitters is eliminated. However, there are relatively few studies on greenish‐yellow emitters for PHOLEDs, and as a result, the performance of greenish‐yellow PHOLEDs is significantly inferior to those emitting in the three primary colors, which are driven strongly by the display industry. Herein, a newly synthesized greenish‐yellow emitter is synthesized and a novel device concept is introduced featuring interzone exciton transfer to considerably enhance the device efficiency. In particular, high external quantum efficiencies (current efficiencies) of 21.5% (77.4 cd/A) and 20.2% (72.8 cd/A) at a luminance of 1000 cd/m2 and 5000 cd/m2, respectively, have been achieved. These efficiencies are the highest reported to date for greenish‐yellow emitting PHOLEDs. A model for this unique design is also proposed. This design could potentially be applied to enhance the efficiency of even longer wavelength yellow and red emitters, thereby paving the way for a new avenue of tandem white PHOLEDs for solid‐state lighting.
Synthesis of poly(butyl acrylate)—laponite nanocomposite nanoparticles for improving the impact strength of poly(lactic acid)
Authors: Fang Yuan , Hoppe Sandrine , Hu Guo‐Hua , Durand Alain 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis work aims at preparing and characterizing poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA)—laponite (LRD) nanocomposite nanoparticles and nanocomposite core (PBA‐LRD)‐shell poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles, on the one hand, and the morphology and properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)‐based blends containing PBA‐LRD nanocomposite nanoparticles or (PBA‐LRD)/PMMA core–shell nanoparticles as the dispersed phase, on the other hand. The PBA and (PBA‐LRD)/PMMA nanoparticles were synthesized by miniemulsion or emulsion polymerization using LRD platelets modified by 3‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS). The grafting of MPTMS onto the LRD surfaces was characterized qualitatively using FTIR and quantitatively using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The amounts of LRD in the PBA‐LRD nanocomposites were characterized by TGA. The PBA/PMMA core–shell particles were analyzed by 1H‐NMR. Their morphology was confirmed by SEM and TEM. Mechanical properties of (PBA‐LRD)/PLA blends and (PBA‐LRD)/PMMA/PLA ones were tested and compared with those of the pure PLA, showing that core–shell particles allowed increasing impact strength of the PLA while minimizing loss in Young modulus and tensile strength. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Attapulgite‐supported aluminum oxide hydroxide catalyst for synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Authors: Lin Qinghui , Gu Yiqing , Chen Dajun 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA novel nanocomposite catalyst was prepared from immobilization of aluminum oxide hydroxide onto the attapulgite. Characterizations with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wide angle X‐ray diffraction (XRD) of the as‐prepared catalyst revealed that AlO(OH) nanoparticles were distributed on the attapulgite. Thermogravimetric analysis‐infrared spectrometry (TGA‐IR) of the mixture prepared by mixing of bishydroxy ethylene terephthalate (BHET) and the catalyst indicated that attapulgite‐supported aluminum oxide hydroxide catalyst can catalyze BHET polycondensation under the applied conditions. A kinetic model for determining the activation energy has been applied to evaluate the catalyst activity. The catalyst activity was examined through comparative experiments, and the results showed that the new catalyst exhibited higher activity for BHET polycondensation under identical reaction conditions, and the viscosity‐average molecular weight of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) product obtained was increased about 2000 g/mol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
r‐consensus control for higher‐order multi‐agent systems with digraph
Authors: Xin Youming , Cheng Zunshui 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper studies a consensus problem for lth (l ≥ 2) order multi‐agent systems with digraph, namely, for a fixed r (0 ≤ r ≤ l − 1), the rth derivative of the states xi of agents are convergent to a constant value and, for every k (0 ≤ k ≤ l − 1), are convergent to zeros. A new concept of r‐consensus is introduced and new consensus protocols are proposed for solving such an r‐consensus problem. A sufficient and necessary condition for r‐consensus is obtained. As special cases, criteria for third‐order systems are given, in which the exact relationship between feedback gains is established. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of these protocols.
Drospirenone‐Containing Oral Contraceptives and Risk of Adverse Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Karabay Can Yucel , Kocabay Gonenc , Oduncu Vecih , Kalayci Arzu , Guler Ahmet , Karagöz Ali , Candan Ozkan , Basaran Ozcan , Zehir Regayip , İzgi Akın , Esen Ali Metin , Kırma Cevat 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundThe association between oral contraceptives (OC) and myocardial infarction remains controversial. The new generation contraceptive Yasmin (30 µg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone) has a lower estrogen and newer progestin component. To date, there are no data available for the myocardial infarction risk and outcome for drospirenone. We aimed to investigate the effect of Yasmin use on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary angioplasty.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 1851 patients who underwent primary angioplasty for acute STEMI. Of them, 440 female patients (23.8%) composed the study population and 12 female (2.7%) were taking the oral contraceptive‐Yasmin at the time of infarction. Patients were divided into two groups based on their age (≥50 (n = 339) and <50 years old). Patients under 50 years‐old (n = 101) were separated into two groups according to use of OC therapy (OC (+) group n = 12; OC (−) group n = 89).ResultsPatients who were older than 50‐year‐old were more likely to have comorbid conditions like diabetes mellitus and hypertension than other groups. Current smoking status was significantly higher in OC (+) group than OC (−) group (P = 0.007). There was a significant difference in favour of OC (+) group when compared with OC (−) group for the increased angiographic thrombus burden according to both TIMI and Yip classification (P = 0.045 and P = 0.029, respectively). The incidence of final TIMI 3 flow and post‐procedural complete ST resolution were significantly lower in OC (+) group (P = 0.019, P = 0.002, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, use of OC was found to be an independent predictor of high grade thrombus burden (OR 5.13, 95% CI 1.07–24.60, P = 0.04).ConclusionThis is the first study to evaluate the myocardial infarction risk and its subsequent clinical sequelae in women having a STEMI while taking the OC‐Yasmin. Women on the oral contraception Yasmin, who underwent coronary revascularization had a lower post‐procedural complete ST resolution and worse left ventricular function. Furthermore, OC use with Yasmin is an independent predictor of a high‐grade thrombus burden. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dosing of iodinated contrast volume: A new simple algorithm to stratify the risk of contrast‐induced nephropathy in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Raposeiras‐Roubín Sergio , Abu‐Assi Emad , Ocaranza‐Sánchez Raymundo , Álvarez‐Álvarez Belén , Cambeiro‐González Cristina , Fandiño‐Vaquero Rubén , García‐Castelo Alberto , García‐Acuña José María , González‐Juanatey José Ramón 
Published: January 2013

Objectives and backgroundPrevious studies on contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) have identified contrast volume (CV) as a risk factor. The aim of our research was to define the safe dose of contrast media based on absolute CV, maximum allowable contrast dose (MACD) and estimated glomerular filtrate rate (eGFR).Methods and ResultsA total of 940 consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were enrolled. Fifty‐four patients developed CIN. MACD was defined as 5*body weight/serum creatinine. When using a CV higher than MACD, CIN‐risk was increased 19‐fold (OR 9.810–39.307, P < 0.001). For the CV/eGFR ratio, we found that for every increase of one‐tenth, CIN‐risk increased by 4.9% (OR 1.037–1.061, P < 0.001). The discriminative ability of CV (C statistic = 0.626 ± 0.038) was significantly lower than for the CV/MACD (C statistic = 0.782 ± 0.036, P = 0.003) and CV/eGFR (C statistics: 0.796 ± 0.033 for MDRD‐4, 0.796 ± 0.034 for Cockcroft‐Gault, and 0.803 ± 0.033 for CKD‐EPI; P < 0.001). There were no differences in the discriminative ability to predict CIN between the three eGFR equations. The combination of CV/MACD and CV/eGFR in a single protocol increases the positive predictive value of the Mehran risk score (40.7% vs. 8.8%) with the same sensitivity (90.7% vs. 83.3%). High doses of relative CV (CV/MACD and CV/eGFR) were also significantly associated with higher in‐hospital mortality, reinfarction, and heart failure.ConclusionsA sequential protocol based on CV/MACD and CV/eGFR appropriately identified those ACS patients who developed CIN, with predictive values similar to a Mehran score, reducing the false positive rate. It is also useful to predict risk of in‐hospital cardiac events regardless of GRACE score. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective Monoacylation of Diols by Substrate Assisted Catalysis in T40A Candida antarctica Lipase B
Authors: Hamberg Anders , Magnusson Anders O. , Hu Francis J. , Hult Karl 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe selectivity towards diols over monoesters in the esterification of diols catalysed by lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) was improved by the single point mutation T40A in the enzyme’s oxyanion hole. Substrate‐assisted catalysis was suggested from molecular modelling of the tetrahedral intermediate in esterification of 1,2‐ethanediol catalysed by T40A CALB. The non‐reacting hydroxyl group of the diol forms a hydrogen bond to the oxyanion in the transition state, replacing that deleted in mutation. Monoester yields in transacylation reactions were monitored over time to compare the selectivities for wild‐type and T40A CALB. The results showed increased selectivities towards the diols tested over their corresponding monoesters as a result of the T40A mutation with substrate‐assisted catalysis as a plausible explanation.
A New Family of Trinuclear Nickel(II) Complexes as Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Biswas Rituparna , Ida Yumi , Baker Michael L. , Biswas Saptarshi , Kar Paramita , Nojiri Hiroyuki , Ishida Takayuki , Ghosh Ashutosh 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThree new trinuclear nickel (II) complexes with the general composition [Ni3L3(OH)(X)](ClO4) have been prepared in which X=Cl− (1), OCN− (2), or N3− (3) and HL is the tridentate N,N,O donor Schiff base ligand 2‐[(3‐dimethylaminopropylimino)methyl]phenol. Single‐crystal structural analyses revealed that all three complexes have a similar Ni3 core motif with three different types of bridging, namely phenoxido (μ2 and μ3), hydroxido (μ3), and μ2‐Cl (1), μ1,1‐NCO (2), or μ1,1‐N3 (3). The nickel(II) ions adopt a compressed octahedron geometry. Single‐crystal magnetization measurements on complex 1 revealed that the pseudo‐three‐fold axis of Ni3 corresponds to a magnetic easy axis, being consistent with the magnetic anisotropy expected from the coordination structure of each nickel ion. Temperature‐dependent magnetic measurements indicated ferromagnetic coupling leading to an S=3 ground state with 2J/k=17, 17, and 28 K for 1, 2, and 3, respectively, with the nickel atoms in an approximate equilateral triangle. The high‐frequency EPR spectra in combination with spin Hamiltonian simulations that include zero‐field splitting parameters DNi/k=−5, −4, and −4 K for 1, 2, and 3, respectively, reproduced the EPR spectra well after a anisotropic exchange term was introduced. Anisotropic exchange was identified as Di,j/k=−0.9, −0.8, and −0.8 K for 1, 2, and 3, respectively, whereas no evidence of single‐ion rhombic anisotropy was observed spectroscopically. Slow relaxation of the magnetization at low temperatures is evident from the frequency‐dependence of the out‐of‐phase ac susceptibilities. Pulsed‐field magnetization recorded at 0.5 K shows clear steps in the hysteresis loop at 0.5–1 T, which has been assigned to quantum tunneling, and is characteristic of single‐molecule magnets.