bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermatological Research in the 21st Century: Our Fantastic Future
Authors: Katz Stephen I. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDuring the second half of the twentieth century, dermatology came of age. Just as clinical dermatology, through new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, matured to a point where the dermatologist could affect peoples' lives profoundly, so too did dermatological research enhance our understanding of skin diseases enormously. Dermatology should not be viewed as a scientific discipline‐advances come from fundamental scientific areas such as cell and molecular biology, biochemistry, immunology, microbiology, technology, the clinical sciences and others. Thus, dermatology and skin biology live within a universe of science, only a small part of which is dermatology and skin biology, and our patients and our science are dependent on integration and interdigitation with the universe of science for future success. In this lecture I will elaborate on where I think the next 10–20 years will take us in this universe.
Great Cases from the University of Pennsylvania
Authors: James William D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNew skin diseases are reported yearly. Some well‐known conditions may develop unusual manifestations. Other cutaneous findings are simply rare. While patients with such diseases represent only a small fraction of our practice they are an important subset of our experience. Many of these diseases are treatable, pinpoint the discovery of internal disease, or simply allow for a diagnosis and prognosis to be given to a concerned patient who had previously escaped classification. Such cases expand our knowledge and provide excitement to our day. Several patients from whom I have learned the most in the last few years are detailed for your enjoyment.
Imported Skin Diseases in Dermatology
Authors: James William D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMillions of afflicted people suffer from conditions which Japanese dermatologists may rarely encounter. Many of our patients travel extensively either as part of work‐related business trips or during vacationing. From three to ten percent of travelers experience skin, hair or nail disorders. With worldwide travel heightening exposure to the causative agents, there is an increasing likelihood that a patient with leishmaniasis, Boutonneuse fever, onchocerciasis, loaiasis, dengue fever, cutaneous larva migrans or other recently acquired skin conditions from a far away land will visit your office for diagnosis and treatment. The clinical characteristics, diagnostic tests and therapeutic options for such imported tropical diseases will be discussed.
Azithromycin Monthly Pulse vs Daily Doxycycline in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Parsad Davinder , Pandhi Roma , Nagpal R. , Negi K.S. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAcne vulgaris is a common skin disease seen primarily in adolescent and young adults. As the treatment involves long term therapy with antibiotics, an agent with a long half life can be very useful in increasing the compliance. To evaluate the role of a monthly dose of azithromycin and compare it with daily doxycycline, we conducted this randomized comparative study. Sixty patients with moderate to severe acne were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, A & B. Patients in group A received 100 mg doxycycline daily in addition to topical 0.05% tretinoin cream, whereas patients in group B were given 500 mg azithromycin once a day for four days per month along with 0.05% topical tretinoin for a total of 12 weeks. Of the 60 patients, 22 in group A and 28 in group B were evaluated. The monthly dose of azithromycin was found to be as effective as daily doxycycline on a pure protocol basis and statistically significantly better than doxycycline by intention to treat analysis.
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis with IgA Deposits in Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Sugaya Makoto , Nakamura Koichiro , Asahina Akihiko , Tamaki Kunihiko 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAngioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AILD) is a type of peripheral T cell lymphoma associated with fever and generalized lymphadenopathy. Cutaneous manifestations are seen in approximately 40% of the patients. We report herein a Japanese male patient with AILD associated with generalized purpura. The histology of the purpura included leukocytoclastic vasculitis with IgA deposits, which is rare in this disease. Using in situ hybridization and PCR methods, we showed that the involved lymph node was positive for Epstein‐Barr virus and that the purpura was negative.
An Association of Twenty‐Nail Dystrophy with Vitiligo
Authors: Khandpur Sujay , Reddy Belum Siva Nagi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA rare association of twenty‐nail dystrophy with segmental vitiligo is described in two patients. Vitiligo preceded the nail dystrophy. In both cases, all twenty nails were uniformly affected with the nail plates showing longitudinal striations and loss of luster. Longitudinal nail biopsy revealed a histological picture suggestive of eczematous changes and lichen planus respectively. Intramatrix injections of triamcinolone acetonide into the proximal and lateral nail folds were administered with considerable improvement.
Bullous Lichen Planus Arising in the Skin Graft Donor Site of a Psoriatic Patient
Authors: İnalöz H. Serhat , Patel G. , Holt P.J.A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe coexistence of psoriasis vulgaris and bullous disorders, particularly bullous pemphigoid, has been described previously. We present an unusual case of bullous lichen planus arising in the skin graft donor site of a psoriatic patient. To our knowledge, such an association has not been reported to date.
Pityriasis Rotunda Mimicking Tinea Cruris/Corporis and Erythrasma in an Indian Patient
Authors: Gupta Somesh 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPityriasis rotunda is a rare disease characterized by perfectly round to oval, sharply defined, scaly, hypo/hyperpigmented patches of variable number and size located mainly over the trunk and proximal extremities. More than 95% of the reported cases in medical literature are from three countries/ethnic populations, namely Japan, South Africa (Bantu), and Italy (Sardinian islanders). To the best of my knowledge, no patient with the characteristic clinico‐pathologic features has been reported from the Indian subcontinent. I report a 44‐year‐old man with eighteen pityriasis rotunda patches, persistent for nearly 20 years. The lesions in the groin and axillae closely resembled erythrasma and tinea, and he had received treatment for these conditions several times in the past. Histopathology of the skin biopsy showed thinning of the epidermis with a thinned‐out granular layer and a sparse lymphomononuclear infiltrate in the dermis. A review of literature suggests that there are two subsets of the disease. The type I subset is comprised of pityriasis rotunda associated with systemic illness and is seen in Black or Oriental patients with no family history of the disease. The lesions tend to subside on treatment of the underlying illness. The type II subset patients are Caucasians as well as Blacks and Orientals with no underlying systemic illness. Familial occurrence is possible; lesions tend to be persistent and unresponsive to therapy.
Laugier‐Hunziker Syndrome
Authors: Kanwar Amrinder J. , Kaur Sukhjot , Kaur Charandeep , Thami Gurvinder P. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractLaugier‐Hunziker syndrome is a benign pigmentary disorder which manifests as macular hyperpigmentation of the lips and buccal mucosa. Some patients have longitudinal pigmented bands of nails. The syndrome has no systemic associations. Two patients of this rare syndrome are reported. Disorders producing similar pigmentary changes which must be differentiated are discussed.
Linear and Whorled Nevoid Hypermelanosis
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Sharma R.C. , Arya Latika , Sardana Kabir 
Published: July 2014

AbstractLinear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNHM) is a reticulate pigmentary disorder with a sporadic occurrence, representing genetic mosaicism. It is characterised by hyperpigmented macules in a reticulate pattern along Blaschko's lines, sparing the mucous membranes and stabilising after one to two years. It may be associated with various neurological abnormalities. The disorder may resemble incontinentia pigmenti, epidermal nevus, or zebra‐like hyperpigmentation clinically. We report LWNHM in a 15‐year‐old girl with progressively increasing streaks of reticulate hyperpigmented macules arranged in a whorled pattern over the trunk and extremities, which appeared soon after birth. There was no history of any preceding eruption or any associated systemic abnormality. Histopathological examination revealed basal cell hyperpigmentation without any pigmentary incontinence. CT scan of the brain was normal.
Distribution Density of Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers in Normal Human Skin
Authors: Kawakami Tetsuji , Ishihara Masahiko , Mihara Motoyuki 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA total of 74 specimens was obtained from the normal human skin of patients from 3 to 90 years old. The specimens were roughly classified into 5 groups: 15 for the face group from the face; 15 for the abdomen group from the abdomen; 13 for the back group from the back; 14 for the arm group from the upper arm and forearm; and 17 for the leg group from the thigh and lower leg. They were all fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and 14% saturated picric acid. Cryostat sections were examined by the immunoperoxidase method and indirect immunofluorescence (IF). Primary antibodies against neurofilament, neuron‐specific enolase, protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and S‐100 protein were used. The most effective method was found to be the combination of IF with PGP 9.5; it visualized the intraepidermal nerve fibers easily and clearly. Of the 74 specimens, 32 (43%) had intraepidermal PGP 9.5‐immunoreactive (or nerve) fibers (IPIF), and 42 (57%) did not have any. With reference to the different skin locations, the maximal rate of specimens having IPIF was 57% in the arm group, and the minimum was 23% in the back group. IPIF positive specimens had approximate surface lengths of 6 mm, in which the existence number of the IPIF was 1 to 75. Their distribution density per 1000 epidermal basal cells was highest at 9.63 in the arm group and lowest at 2.89 in the back group. Their thickness was 2.94 ± 0.83 μm with no significant differences among the five groups. We concluded that intraepidermal nerve fibers may not be distributed evenly in the hairy portions of normal human skin, but they may be present focally. Physiologically, two‐point discrimination of itch may be explained by the distribution mode of intraepidermal nerve fibers.
Grouping Prurigo: Report of Cases
Authors: Sakurai Yoko , Matsui Haruka , Izaki Seiichi , Kitamura Keijiro 
Published: July 2014

AbstractGrouping prurigo was reported as a new clinical entity by Ofuji et al. in 1977 and 1988. No further cases have been reported since. Herein we report four cases of grouping prurigo and discuss the possible relationship between this condition and other diseases in the prurigo group, including chronic pruritic papular dermatitis in adult men, which was reported by Chang et al. in 1999. Since grouping prurigo and chronic pruritic papular dermatitis in adult men share approximately the same characteristics in both clinical and histopathological findings, we concluded that these two disorders may be the same entity, characterized by grouped pruritic solid papules on the trunk.
A Case of Lichenoid Purpura Possibly Caused by Diltiazem Hydrochloride
Authors: Inui Shigeki , Itami Satoshi , Yoshikawa Kunihiko 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA 65‐year‐old Japanese man presented with itchy purpuric lichenoid papules of six months' duration on his legs and buttock. A topical glucocorticoid ointment was not effective. The biopsy specimen histologically showed a dense lichenoid infiltration of lymphocytes and histiocytes into the dermoepidermal junction; red blood cells were seen in the infiltration. Based on the clinical and pathological findings, we diagnosed this case as lichenoid purpura of Gougerot‐Blum. The lesions disappeared when the diltiazem hydrochloride that he had been taking was discontinued.
Pedunculated Basal Cell Epithelioma Which Is Not Pinkus Tumor
Authors: Morita Kazumasa , Ikoma Akihiko , Takagaki Kenji 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA 33‐year‐old female with pedunculated basal cell epithelioma was reported. She had noticed a cutaneous tumor on the scalp for two years before admission. It developed gradually and clinically resembled fibroma or pigmented nevus. Total resection was performed, and its histopathology revealed the solid or cystic type of basal cell epithelioma.
Elevated Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Expression in Lesional Psoriatic Skin: Correlation with Interleukin (IL)‐8 Expression
Authors: Szepietowski Jacek , Walker Craig , Hunter John A.A. , McKenzie Roderick C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPsoriasis is a disease marked by keratinocyte hyperproliferation, neutrophil and lymphocyte infiltration, and aberrant epidermal and dermal expression of cytokines. Previously, it has been shown that LIF appears to be involved in skin inflammation and can induce the expression of IL‐8. We sought to determine whether expression of LIF is abnormal in lesional psoriatic skin and whether this correlates with the expression of IL‐8. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, we measured the expression of LIF and IL‐8 mRNA in biopsies from normal individuals, non‐lesional psoriatic skin, and lesional psoriatic skin. No difference was seen between the expression of IL‐8 and LIF in normal and in non‐lesional psoriatic skin. However, LIF expression in lesional skin was increased 160% compared with normal biopsies or non‐lesional skin (p<0.001). Immunostaining of frozen sections showed that the expression of LIF protein was principally suprabasal and, in the majority of sections, concentrated mainly in the stratum corneum of the lesional skin, whereas it was mainly in the stratum spinosum of the normal/non‐lesional skin. IL‐8 mRNA expression did not differ between the non‐lesional and normal skin, but expression in the lesional skin was 17.6‐fold greater than in normal skin (p<0.001), and this expression was correlated with the increased LIF expression (r=0.67, p<0.001). Although a significant negative correlation was demonstrated between LIF mRNA expression and the duration of the last outbreak of the disease, no other correlations were found between levels of cytokine expression and a variety of parameters including PASI score. These data suggest a role for keratinocyte LIF in the psoriatic lesion and a link between LIF and IL‐8 expression.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome in a Healthy Adult
Authors: Oyake Shinichi , Oh‐i Tsunao , Koga Michiyuki 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report a case of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) in a 65‐year‐old healthy woman. Fever, purulent conjunctivitis, and exfoliation of the skin in the gluteal region were noted. A scarlatiniform rash was observed on the body, and this erythema was followed by generalized desquamation. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from her eye discharge, posterior nasopharynx, and the erosive surface of the skin. All the investigated strains produced exfoliative toxin B, but none produced toxic shock toxin‐1 (TSST‐1) or enterotoxin. The patient was treated with antibiotics and fluid supplementation, resulting in subsidence. This case is thought to have been caused by an abortive form of SSSS or a scarlatiniform variant, which is very rare in healthy adults.
Marie Unna Hypotrichosis in an Asian Family
Authors: Kim Hong Suk , Kim Soo‐Chan , Lee Won‐Soo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report on two patients from one family with Marie Unna hypotrichosis who showed a diffuse hair defect which typically occurs as an isolated phenomenon. The ultrastructural hair findings consisted of longitudinal grooving of the hair shafts and a flattening in cross‐section. Characteristically, scalp hair had been lost from the scalp margins and a high frontal and nuchal hairline had been present at birth. Eyelashes were absent, and eyebrows, axillary, and pubic hair were very sparse. Other affected cases have been reported in Caucasian families; however, this is the first case in the English medical literature of a family from Asia affected by Marie Unna hypotrichosis.
Cutaneous Neuroendocrine (Merkel Cell) Carcinoma Occurred after Resection of Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Fang Xinzhi , Wang Zhenhua , Li Yiqun 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn elderly man presented with a brown border nodule of the left upper lip that appeared to be clinically consistent with metastatic melanoma; he had previously undergone two surgical removals of melanoma in the right temporal region. Routine histologic examination was not sufficient for diagnosis, but Merkel cell carcinoma was diagnosed by immunohistochemical studies Neuroendocrine carcinoma of viscera was excluded. Because this case could not be differentiated from amelanotic melanoma and malignant lymphoma based on histologic appearances, immunohistochemical staining was helpful for diagnosis and differentiation.
Alkaptonuria: A Case Report
Authors: Odabas Ali Riza , Karakuzu Ali , Selcuk Yilmaz , Erdem Teoman , Cetinkaya Ramazan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAlkaptonuria is a rare, autosomally recessive, metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in homogentisic acid oxidase. It results in accumulation and deposition of homogentisic acid in cartilage, eyelids, forehead, cheeks, axillae, genital regions, nail beds, buccal mucosa, larynx, tympanic eardrum, and the tendons. We report a 33‐year‐old woman who presented with alkaptonuria and ochronotic pigment deposited in articular cartilage and cartilage of the ear and sclera.
Churg‐Strauss Syndrome Involving Medium‐sized Arteries
Authors: Inui Shigeki , Itami Satoshi , Iwai Chika , Yoshikawa Kunihiko 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA 69‐year‐old Japanese man suffered from bronchial asthma, atrial fibrillation, general fatigue, high fever, and weight loss of about 5 kg within a month. He also had intermittent claudication, a tingling feeling in his fingers and toes, and an ulcer on his toe. His laboratory data revealed leukocytosis with absolute eosinophilia. The patient was treated with predonisolone 30 mg daily. Although the ulcers healed once, the lesions recurred with tapering predonisolone. The patient visited us because of the ulcer on his toe. Physical examination showed a 2 cm ulcer surrounded by slight erythema on his right fourth toe. Magnetic resonance angiography detected tapering stenosis of the medium‐sized arteries in both legs. A biopsy from his myocardium showed the infiltration of eosinophils into the myocardium. The neuron conduction rate of his lower leg was slower than that of the normal control, demonstrating mononeuritis. From these findings, we diagnosed this patient as Churg‐Strauss syndrome.
The Effects of Famciclovir and Epidural Block in the Treatment of Herpes Zoster
Authors: Ahn Hyung Jin , Lim Hyun Kyo , Lee Young Bok , Hwang Sang Min , Lee Won‐Soo , Ahn Sung Ku , Choi Eung Ho 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn our previous study, we concluded that an epidural blockade combined with intravenous acyclovir is very effective in treating the acute pain in herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. We evaluated the efficacy of oral famciclovir and epidural blockade on the pain of herpes zoster, compared to acyclovir administered intravenously and epidural blockade. For this purpose, we examined a new group treated with famciclovir and epidural blockade to compare with the group treated with acyclovir and epidural blockade in our previously study. The changes in the intensity of pain, the number of days required for relief of pain, and the total duration of pain were checked. We compared the days required for relief of pain (DRP) and the total duration of pain (TDP) of this group with those of the previous studied group treated with acyclovir and epidural blockade. DRP was significantly less, but TDP was similar. DRP and TDP were significantly lower, if the patients were treated within 7 days of symptom onset. The patients had a shorter DRP regardless of pain type than the previously studied group treated with acycolvir and epidural blockade. For the severe and moderate pain grades, there was a shorter DRP from 100 to 10. TDP was not significantly different for the groups regardless of pain type or grade. We believe that famciclovir and epidural blockade are very effective in treating the pain of herpes zoster, with a view to shortening the period of acute pain, providing similar effects on the prevention of postherpetic neuralgia, and being convenient to administer, compared to intravenous acyclovir and epidural blockade in our previous study.
Complex Ocular Choristomas in Linear Nevus Sebaceus Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Singal Archana , Dhaliwal Upreet , Bhattacharya Sambit Nath , Rohatgi Jolly , Singh Navjeevan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTwo cases of linear nevus sebaceus syndrome (LNSS) are described in which ipsilateral facial nevus of Jadassohn was associated with complex ocular choristoma. One patient also had scleral osteomas, a rare occurrence in LNSS.
Lipid Analysis of Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Psoriatic Patients Using Fourier‐Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy
Authors: Takeda Hidemi , Okubo Yukari , Koga Michiyuki , Aizawa Katsuo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn psoriasis vulgaris, there are immunological abnormalities of T cells and monocytes. We previously demonstrated that monocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris are activated and produce an excess of inflammatory cytokines. It has long been suggested that fat metabolism is impaired in patients with this illness. In addition, it has been reported that macrophages activated by engulfing low density lipoprotein (LDL) immune complexes release large quantities of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interleukin (IL)‐1β. Hence we hypothesized that the monocytes of psoriatic patients are activated by engulfing lipids and overproduce inflammatory cytokines. Therefore we measured both the serum and monocyte levels of lipids in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. At the same time, we calculated the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores and analyzed their correlations with the lipid kinetics. The results showed that the serum cholesterol ester level and the cholesterol ester level in monocytes of psoriatic patients were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals. However, the cholesterol ester level in monocytes of patients with hyperlipidemia was also high, and there was no correlation between cholesterol ester level in monocytes of psoriatics and PASI scores. The cholesterol ester level in the monocytes of psoriatic patients was high, but this does not seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
A Case of Childhood Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Treated with Dapsone
Authors: Yu Hee‐Joon , Park Jin‐Woo , Park Jong‐Min , Hwang Dong‐Kyu , Park Yong‐Wook 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAcute generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, sometimes fatal, exudative form of psoriasis characterized by acute febrile pustular psoriasis. Unlike the adult forms, GPP in childhood tends to undergo a more benign course. It may resolve spontaneously with only supportive treatment, but may sometimes be life threatening and resistant to therapy. We report a case of GPP in 7‐year‐old girl treated successfully with dapsone.