bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategiczna karta wyników w ocenie integracji przedsiębiorstw górniczych
Authors: KUDEŁKO JAN , WIRTH HERBERT 
Published: May 2015

Streszczenie
Strategiczna karta wyników jest jednym z podstawowych narzędzi zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem, którego działalność opisuje się standardowo w perspektywach: finansowej, klienta, procesów wewnętrznych i rozwoju. Przedstawia ona w sposób przyczynowo-skutkowy cele całej działalności przedsiębiorstwa i ich mierniki. Wzorując się na strategicznej karcie wyników stosowanej dla całego przedsiębiorstwa, zaproponowano analogiczną kartę do projekcji i oceny skutków integracji przedsiębiorstw. Integracja przedsiębiorstwa, a szczególnie fuzje i przejęcia są przedsięwzięciami inwestycyjnymi i dotycząjednego celu strategicznego, tj. rozwoju przedsiębiorstwa. W ramach tej aktywności do badania skutków integracji przedsiębiorstw zaproponowano bardziej szczegółowe obszary (perspektywy) obejmujące zagadnienia efektywności, zasobów, produktów i rynku oraz kompetencji.
W perspektywie efektywnościowej podstawowym miernikiem celu jest wzrost wartości przedsiębiorstwa macierzystego, ale także stosowane są uzupełniająco mierniki statyczne i dynamiczne. Do standardowych mierników statycznych należą wskaźniki rentowności, a do dynamicznych wartość zaktualizowana netto. W perspektywie zasobowej cele integracyjne upatruje się w aktywach geologiczno-górniczych, w szczególności w koncesjach na poszukiwanie, rozpoznanie i użytkowanie złóż. Zasadnicze wymiary oceny plasują się w makroekonomicznej i mikroekonomicznej lokalizacji oraz ocenie geologiczno-górniczej. W perspektywie produktowo-rynkowej cele integracyjne sytuują się w obszarze produktu i polegająna zwiększeniu wolumenu produkcji, wzbogaceniu jego użyteczności w tym cech jakościowych oraz nowych produktach związanych z dywersyfikają działań. Cele w obszarze rynkowym dotyczą zwiększenia bazy klientów przy czym korzysta się odpowiednio z analiz sektorowych lub portfelowych. Perspektywa kompetencyjna obejmuje wiele obszarów two-rzących wiedzę organizacyjną przedsiębiorstwa, na którą składa się mistrzostwo indywidualne, doświadczenie, umiejętność rozwiązywania problemów. Działania, których firma nie może zrealizować samodzielnie, zlecane są na zewnątrz. Zwrócono także uwagę na fakt, że jednym z podstawowych celów integracji przedsiębiorstw jest poszerzenie pola kompetencji.
Perivascular adipose tissue, inflammation and insulin resistance: link to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Lastra Guido , Manrique Camila 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Obesity is a leading risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), however the underlying mechanisms still remain to be fully uncovered. It is now well accepted that dysfunctional adipose tissue in conditions of obesity is a critical source of inflammation that impacts the cardiovascular system and contributes to CVD. Although traditionally visceral adipose tissue has been linked to increased CVD risk, there is mounting interest in the role that fat accumulation around the vasculature plays in the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is in intimate contact with large, medium and small diameter arterial beds in several tissues, and has been shown to control vascular function as well as remodeling. PVAT does not merely mirror visceral adipose tissue changes seen in obesity, but has unique features that impact vascular biology. In lean individuals PVAT exerts vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory functions, however obesity results in PVAT inflammation, characterized by imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cells as wells as adipokines. PVAT inflammation promotes insulin resistance in the vasculature, thus resulting in impaired insulin-mediated vasodilatory responses and vascular remodeling. In this review we address current knowledge about the mechanisms that link PVAT inflammation to insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction. Indeed, PVAT emerges as a novel type of adipose tissue that participates in the pathogenesis of CVD, independently to a large extent to visceral adipose tissue.
Retinol binding protein 4 and its membrane receptors: a metabolic perspective
Authors: Fedders Ronja , Muenzner Matthias , Schupp Michael 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Nearly a decade of intense research has passed since the first report linking circulating retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) to the development of insulin resistance. By now, a variety of underlying mechanisms have been identified; some of them are adherent to the canonical role of this circulating protein, which is to transport and deliver retinol to target tissues, and others that seem rather independent of retinol transport. Despite all these efforts, a consensus in the basic principles of RBP4’s metabolic effects has not been reached and some controversy remains. Using this as an opportunity, we here review and discuss current data on RBP4’s action on insulin sensitivity and its dependency on retinol homeostasis. We pay special attention to the involvement of RBP4 membrane receptors that were identified during these years, such as ‘stimulated by retinoic acid 6’ (STRA6), and whose identification added another layer of complexity to RBP4’s diverse actions. A better understanding of RBP4’s functions might allow its therapeutic exploitations, urgently needed in our period that is defined by an epidemic increase in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Using Network Metrics in Soccer: A Macro-Analysis
Authors: Clemente Filipe Manuel , Couceiro Micael Santos , Martins Fernando Manuel Lourenço , Mendes Rui Sousa 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to propose a set of network methods to measure the specific properties of a team. These metrics were organised at macro-analysis levels. The interactions between teammates were collected and then processed following the analysis levels herein announced. Overall, 577 offensive plays were analysed from five matches. The network density showed an ambiguous relationship among the team, mainly during the 2nd half. The mean values of density for all matches were 0.48 in the 1st half, 0.32 in the 2nd half and 0.34 for the whole match. The heterogeneity coefficient for the overall matches rounded to 0.47 and it was also observed that this increased in all matches in the 2nd half. The centralisation values showed that there was no ‘star topology’. The results suggest that each node (i.e., each player) had nearly the same connectivity, mainly in the 1st half. Nevertheless, the values increased in the 2nd half, showing a decreasing participation of all players at the same level. Briefly, these metrics showed that it is possible to identify how players connect with each other and the kind and strength of the connections between them. In summary, it may be concluded that network metrics can be a powerful tool to help coaches understand team’s specific properties and support decision-making to improve the sports training process based on match analysis.
A Comparison of Somatic Variables of Elite Ice Hockey Players from the Czech ELH and Russian KHL
Authors: Kutáč Petr , Sigmund Martin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The goals of this study were to evaluate the basic morphological variables of contemporary elite ice hockey players, compare the parameters of players in the top Russian ice hockey league (KHL) with those of the top Czech ice hockey league (ELH), and to evaluate the parameters of players according to their position in the game. The research participants included 30 KHL players (mean age: 27.1 ± 5.1 years) and 25 ELH players (mean age: 26.4 ± 5.8 years). We determined body height, body mass, and body composition (body fat, fat-free mass, segmental fat analysis). All measurements were performed at the end of preseason training. The KHL players had the following anthropometric characteristics: body height 182.97 ± 5.61 cm (forward) and 185.72 ± 3.57 cm (defenseman), body mass 89.70 ± 5.28 kg (forward) and 92.52 ± 4.01 kg (defenseman), body fat 10.76 ± 0.63 kg (forward) and 11.10 ± 0.48 kg (defenseman), fatfree mass 78.94 ± 4.65 kg (forward) and 81.42 ± 3.52 kg (defenseman). The values for ELH players were as follows: body height 182.06 ± 5.93 cm (forward) and 185.88 ± 7.13 cm (defenseman), body mass 88.47 ± 7.06 kg (forward) and 89.36 ± 10.91 kg (defenseman), body fat 12.57 ± 2.89 kg (forward) and 11.91 ± 3.10 kg (defenseman), fat-free mass 75.93 ± 6.54 kg (forward) and 77.46 ± 7.89 kg (defenseman). The results indicate that it is beneficial to ice hockey players to have increased body mass and lower body fat, which leads to higher muscle mass, thus enabling a player to perform at the highest level and meet the specific challenges of the game.
Detection of the Lactate Threshold in Runners: What is the Ideal Speed to Start an Incremental Test?
Authors: Dantas José Luiz , Doria Christian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Incremental tests on a treadmill are used to evaluate endurance athletes; however, no criterion exists to determine the intensity at which to start the test, potentially causing the loss of the first lactate threshold. This study aimed to determine the ideal speed for runners to start incremental treadmill tests. The study consisted of 94 runners who self-reported the average speed from their last competitive race (10-42.195 km) and performed an incremental test on a treadmill. The speeds used during the first three test stages were normalised in percentages of average competition speed and blood lactate concentration was analysed at the end of each stage. The relationship between speed in each stage and blood lactate concentration was analysed. In the first stage, at an intensity corresponding to 70% of the reported average race speed, only one volunteer had blood lactate concentration equal to 2 mmol·L-1, and in the third stage (90% of the average race speed) the majority of the volunteers had blood lactate concentration ≥2 mmol·L-1. Our results demonstrated that 70% of the average speed from the subject’s last competitive race - from 10 to 42.195 km - was the best option for obtaining blood lactate concentration <2 mmol·L-1 in the first stage, however, 80% of the average speed in marathons may be a possibility. Evaluators can use 70% of the average speed in competitive races as a strategy to ensure that the aerobic threshold intensity is not achieved during the first stage of incremental treadmill tests.
Oxygen consumption while standing with unstable shoe design
Authors: Gasser Benedikt A. , Stäuber Adrian M. , Lurmann Glenn , Breil Fabio A. , Hoppeler Hans H. , Vogt Michael 
Published: May 2015

PurposeThis study explored the effects of unstable shoe design on oxygen consumption.MethodsOxygen consumption (VO<SUB>2</SUB>) and heart rate (HR) were measured in 16 individuals while barefoot, wearing unstable shoes (Masai Barefoot Technology) and wearing conventional sport shoes while standing and walking on a treadmill and for 5 individuals while walking around a 400 m track.ResultsWhen wearing the MBT shoes, a significant (p < 0.01) increase of 9.3 ± 5.2% in VO<SUB>2</SUB> was measured while standing quietly for 6 min. No differences in VO<SUB>2</SUB> and HR were observed between the MBT shoes or weight-adjusted conventional shoes (to match the weight of the MBT shoes) while walking on a treadmill. However, significant increases (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in VO<SUB>2</SUB> (4.4 ± 8.2%) and HR (3.6 ± 7.3%) were observed for the MBT shoes compared with being barefoot. No significant differences in VO<SUB>2</SUB> and HR were recorded while walking around a 400 m track either with MBT shoes, weight-adjusted conventional shoes or barefoot. Nonetheless, a comparison of the MBT shoes with barefoot revealed a tendency for VO<SUB>2</SUB> to be higher when wearing the MBT shoes (7.1 ± 6.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.1) although HR was not significantly affected.<sub></sub>ConclusionsThe unstable shoe design predominantly effects oxygen consumption while standing, most likely due to increased muscle activity of the lower extremities.
Accuracy of replicating static torque and its effect on shooting accuracy in young basketball players
Authors: Struzik Artur , Rokita Andrzej , Pietraszewski Bogdan , Popowczak Marek 
Published: May 2015

PurposeAccurate shooting in basketball is a prerequisite for success. Coordination ability, one of the abilities that determine the repeatability of accurate shooting, is based on kinesthetic differentiation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the strength component of kinesthetic differentiation ability and determine its relationship with shooting accuracy.MethodsPeak muscle torque of the elbow extensors under static conditions was measured in 12 young basketball players. Participants then reproduced the same movement at a perceived magnitude of 25%, 50%, and 75% of static peak torque, with error scores calculated as a measure of kinesthetic differentiation. The results were compared with players’ field goal percentages calculated during game play in a regional championship.ResultsNo statistically significant relationships were found between the level of kinesthetic differentiation ability and field goal percentage. Additionally, no upper limb asymmetry was found in the sample.ConclusionsThe relatively high levels of elbow static peak torque suggest the importance of upper limb strength in contemporary basketball. The lack of a statistically significant difference between the right and left limbs decreases the risk of suffering injury. It is likely that choosing other suitable tests would demonstrate the relationships between field goal percentage and kinesthetic differentiation ability.
Effects of varus orthotics on lower extremity kinematics during the pedal cycle
Authors: Sinclair Jonathan , Vincent Hayley , Taylor Paul John , Hebron Jack , Hurst Howard Thomas , Atkins Stephen 
Published: May 2015

PurposeCycling has been shown to be associated with a high incidence of chronic pathologies. Foot orthoses are frequently used by cyclists in order to reduce the incidence of chronic injuries. The aim of the current investigation was to examine the influence of different varus orthotic inclines on the three-dimensional kinematics of the lower extremities during the pedal cycle.MethodsKinematic information was obtained from ten male cyclists using an eight-camera optoelectronic 3-D motion capture system operating at 250 Hz. Participants cycled with and without orthotic intervention at three different cadences (70, 90 and 110 RPM). The orthotic device was adjustable and four different wedge conditions (0 mm - no orthotic, 1.5 mm, 3.0 mm and 4.5 mm) were examined. Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare the kinematic parameters obtained as a function of orthotic inclination and cadence. Participants were also asked to subjectively rate their comfort in cycling using each of the four orthotic devices on a 10-point Likert scale.ResultsThe kinematic analysis indicated that the orthotic device had no significant influence at any of the three cadences. Analysis of subjective preferences showed a clear preference for the 0 mm, no orthotic, condition.ConclusionsThis study suggests that foot orthoses do not provide any protection from skeletal malalignment issues associated with the aetiology of chronic cycling injuries.
Evaluation of barefoot running in preadolescent athletes
Authors: Pilianidis Theophilos , Mantzouranis Nikolaos , Siachos Nikolaos 
Published: May 2015

PurposeThe literature shows few studies on shod and unshod running performance in athletes, with most limited to laboratory settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate preadolescent 1000 m running performance when barefoot and in running spikes or training shoes.MethodsA sample of 22 boys and 21 girls aged 10.6 ± 1.1 years was recruited. Anthropometric data and VO<sub>2max</sub> were recorded when completing the three study protocols in a counter balanced design. Student’s t tests were applied to compare mean 1000 m finish times while ANOVA was used to evaluate sex differences between the protocols. Pearson's correlation analysis measured interactions between the finish times, anthropometric variables, and VO<sub>2max</sub>.ResultsRunning performance with spikes (4.58 min) was significantly better than with training shoes (5.21 min) and barefoot (5.18 min). Male 1000 m times were overall better than the females. A substantial effect of VO<sub>2max</sub> and body fat on performance was found in all protocols.ConclusionsPreadolescent endurance performance was not significantly different between training shoes and barefoot; this may serve as an incentive for future research on the training of developmental age runners.
Capability Building and Learning: An Emergent Behavior Approach
Authors: Andreu Rafael , Riverola Josep , Mª Rosanas Josep , Santiago Rafael de 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Economics-based models of firms typically overlook management acts and capability development. We propose a model that analyzes the aggregate behavior of a population of firms resulting from both specific management decisions and learning processes, that induce changes in companies’ capabilities. Decisions are made under imperfect information and bounded rationality, and managers may sacrifice short-term performance in exchange for qualitative outcomes that affect their firm’s future potential. The proposed model provides a structured setting in which these issues -often discussed only informally- can be systematically analyzed through simulation, producing a variety of hard-to-anticipate emergent behaviors. Economic performance is quite sensitive to managers’ estimates of their firms’ capabilities, and companies willing to sacrifice short-run results for future potential appear to be more stable than the rest. Also, bounded rationality can produce chaotic dynamics reminiscent of real life situations.
Burn the house, save the day: pyroptosis in pathogen restriction
Authors: Boucher Dave , Chen Kaiwen W. , Schroder Kate 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMany programmed cell death pathways are essential for organogenesis, development, immunity and the maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Pyroptosis, a highly proinflammatory form of cell death, is a critical innate immune response to prevent intracellular infection. Pyroptosis is induced upon the activation of proinflammatory caspases within macromolecular signalling platforms called inflammasomes. This article reviews our understanding of pyroptosis induction, the function of inflammatory caspases in pyroptosis execution, and the importance of pyroptosis for pathogen clearance. It also highlights the situations in which extensive pyroptosis may in fact be detrimental to the host, leading to immune cell depletion or cytokine storm. Current efforts to understand the beneficial and pathological roles of pyroptosis bring the promise of new approaches to fight infectious diseases.
Effect of supplemental UV-A irradiation in solid-state lighting on the growth and phytochemical content of microgreens
Authors: Brazaitytė A. , Viršilė A. , Jankauskienė J. , Sakalauskienė S. , Samuolienė G. , Sirtautas R. , Novičkovas A. , Dabašinskas L. , Miliauskienė J. , Vaštakaitė V. , Bagdonavičienė A. , Duchovskis P. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this study, we sought to find and employ positive effects of UV-A irradiation on cultivation and quality of microgreens. Therefore, the goal of our study was to investigate the influence of 366, 390, and 402 nm UV-A LED wavelengths, supplemental for the basal solid-state lighting system at two UV-A irradiation levels on the growth and phytochemical contents of different microgreen plants. Depending on the species, supplemental UV-A irradiation can improve antioxidant properties of microgreens. In many cases, a significant increase in the investigated phytochemicals was found under 366 and 390 nm UV-A wavelengths at the photon flux density (12.4 μmol m-2 s-1). The most pronounced effect of supplemental UV-A irradiation was detected in pak choi microgreens. Almost all supplemental UV-A irradiation treatments resulted in increased leaf area and fresh weight, in higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging activity, total phenols, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, and α-tocopherol.
Modification of sandy soil hydrophysical environment through bagasse additive under laboratory experiment
Authors: Abd El-Halim A.A. , Kumlung Arunsiri 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Until now sandy soils can be considered as one roup having common hydrophysical problems. Therefore, a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of bagasse as an amendment to improve hydrophysical properties of sandy soil, through the determination of bulk density, aggregatesize distribution, total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, pore-space structure and water retention. To fulfil this objective, sandy soils were amended with bagasse at the rate of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4% on the dry weight basis. The study results demonstrated that the addition of bagasse to sandy soils in between 3 to 4% on the dry weight basis led to a significant decrease in bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, and rapid-drainable pores, and increase in the total porosity, water-holding pores, fine capillary pores, water retained at field capacity, wilting point, and soil available water as compared with the control treatment
Moisture-induced changes of mass and dimension characteristics in some cereal grains
Authors: Blahovec Jiri , Lahodová Magdalena 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The seeds of barley, oat, rye, and two varieties of wheat were studied during wetting thereof with special respect to changes in their mass and dimensions. Two levels of wetting were used: 6-h wetting close to the end of imbibition, and 24-h wetting close to the start of germination. The results of these experiments show that the measured quantities can be well described by the Gaussian distribution. Gaussian distribution is applied for description of the wetting effects that can be well approximated also by a second-degree polynomial of the initial state. Even though an increase in the mass, length, width, and thickness was the main effect of wetting, opposite trends in some dimensionally dependent cases were also observed. Drying of the wetted specimens led to a state that differed only slightly (less than 1%) from the initial state. Among the dimensional characteristics, the highest changes were observed in the grain length.
Evaluation of canola chlorophyll index and leaf nitrogen under wide range of soil moisture
Authors: Meskini-Vishkaee Fatemeh , Mohammadi Mohammad Hosein , Neyshabouri Mohammad Reza , Shekari Farid 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper presents a study on the effect of soil matric suction on the variation of leaf chlorophyll index and nitrogen concentration of canola. Results showed that chlorophyll index increases exponentially with soil matric suction, especially at the late season of canola growing time. At moderate matric suction (200 and 300 kPa soil suction heads), chlorophyll index remains nearly constant, but in drier soil (matric suction >300 kPa), chlorophyll index increases gradually with time. Despite the variation of the total leaf nitrogen with the soil matric suction, it is similar to the variation of the chlorophyll index, but the results showed that the chlorophyll index - nitrogen concentration curve has a demarcated bi-modal shape. We suggest that 2.7% of nitrogen and 69.8 of the chlorophyll index value represent the upper limit of the chlorophyll meter reliability for estimation of canola nitrogen under a wide range of soil moisture levels. These results confirm that the chlorophyll meter can be used as an effective tool for rapid and non-destructive estimation of the relative chlorophyll and nitrogen content in canola leaves at a wide range of soil moisture content, except for nearly wilting coefficient or extremely high drought stress