bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geometrical and Stress Analysis of Factors Associated With Stent Fracture After Melody Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation
Authors: Cosentino Daria , Quail Michael A. , Pennati Giancarlo , Capelli Claudio , Bonhoeffer Philipp , Díaz-Zuccarini Vanessa , Taylor Andrew M. , Schievano Silvia 
Published: August 2014

Background—
Patients treated with the Melody device (Medtronic) for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation experience stent fractures in ≈25% of the cases. The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with fracture using 3-dimensional (3D) analyses.

Methods and Results—

In situ 3D shape of the Melody stent was reconstructed from 42 patients using procedural biplane fluoroscopy images, after balloon inflation, at systole and diastole. Four geometric parameters at systole and their variation during balloon deflation and cardiac cycles were measured to describe the 3D strut, cell, section, and stent configuration. Furthermore, patient-specific computer simulations were set up to replicate the history of stent deformations for each patient. Maximum and minimum principal stresses resulting from these analyses were monitored during balloon deflation and cardiac cycle. Univariate logistic regression analyses of 21 geometric parameters and of 4 stress parameters respectively, identified the decreased stent circularity after balloon deflation (odds ratio 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–0.99;
P
=0.006) and large compressive stresses during balloon deflation (odds ratio, 0.98; 0.96–0.997;
P
=0.03), as associated with the risk of fracture. In a multivariable logistic regression model, the 2 covariates identified on univariate analysis (1 geometric and 1 stress) were found to be independently associated with the risk of fracture. The resultant statistical model correctly identified fracture/no fracture in 93% of patients.

Conclusions—
Changes in stent section shape after balloon deflation are important variables influencing fracture. This methodology could help design tailored follow-up for patients after percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation.
Prevalence and Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: An Jihyun , Shim Ju Hyun , Kim Seon-Ok , Lee Danbi , Kim Kang Mo , Lim Young-Suk , Lee Han Chu , Chung Young-Hwa , Lee Yung Sang 
Published: August 2014

Background—
There is conflict regarding the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with liver cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of silent CAD in comparison with the general population, and to identify the relevant risk factors in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods and Results—

This retrospective study included 1045 prospectively registered consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis without any history of chest pain or CAD, who underwent computerized coronary angiography as a pretransplant workup. These were matched with 6283 controls with healthy livers, based on propensity scores according to established cardiovascular risk factors. Obstructive CAD was defined as ≥50% luminal narrowing in any artery. A matched analysis of 853 pairs showed that the proportion of subjects with obstructive CAD did not differ significantly between the cirrhotic and control groups (7.2% versus 7.9%,
P
=0.646), in agreement with the outcome of multivariate analysis for its predictors, with an adjusted odds ratio for liver cirrhosis of 1.06 (
P
=0.690). Nonobstructive CAD was more prevalent in the matched cirrhotic cases (30.6% versus 23.4%,
P
=0.001). In the pooled cirrhotic cohort, older age, male sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and alcoholic cirrhosis were independently associated with obstructive CAD (adjusted odds ratios, 1.07, 2.74, 1.69, 2.37, and 2.17, respectively;
P
<0.05 for all), whereas liver function and coagulation parameters were not.

Conclusions—
Asymptomatic cirrhotic patients and nonhepatic subjects are similar in terms of the prevalence of occult obstructive CAD. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors are related to critical coronary stenosis in cirrhotic patients, and thus may be helpful indicators for more careful preoperative evaluation of coronary risk.
Galectin‐3, a Biomarker Linking Oxidative Stress and Inflammation With the Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Atherothrombosis
Authors: Madrigal‐Matute Julio , Lindholt Jes Sandal , Fernandez‐Garcia Carlos Ernesto , Benito‐Martin Alberto , Burillo Elena , Zalba Guillermo , Beloqui Oscar , Llamas‐Granda Patricia , Ortiz Alberto , Egido Jesus , Blanco‐Colio Luis Miguel , Martin‐Ventura Jose Luis 
Published: August 2014

Background

Galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) participates in different mechanisms involved in atherothrombosis, such as inflammation, proliferation, or macrophage chemotaxis. Thus, there have been committed intensive efforts to elucidate the function of Gal‐3 in cardiovascular (
CV
) diseases. The role of Gal‐3 as a circulating biomarker has been demonstrated in patients with heart failure, but its importance as a biomarker in atherothrombosis is still unknown.

Methods and Results

Because Gal‐3 is involved in monocyte‐to‐macrophage transition, we used fresh isolated monocytes and the in vitro model of macrophage differentiation of
THP
‐1 cells stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (
PMA)
. Gal‐3 release is increased by
PMA
in human monocytes and macrophages, a process involving exosomes and regulated by reactive oxygen species/
NADPH
oxidase activity. In asymptomatic subjects (n=199), Gal‐3 plasma levels are correlated with
NADPH
oxidase activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (
r
=0.476;
P
<0.001) and carotid intima‐media thickness (
r
=0.438;
P
<0.001), a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. Accordingly, Gal‐3 plasma concentrations are increased in patients with carotid atherosclerosis (n=158), compared to control subjects (n=115; 14.3 [10.7 to 16.9] vs. 10.4 [8.6 to 12.5] ng/
mL
;
P
<0.001). Finally, on a 5‐year follow‐up study in patients with peripheral artery disease, Gal‐3 concentrations are significantly and independently associated with an increased risk for CV mortality (hazard ratio=2.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 4.73,
P
<0.05).

Conclusions
Gal‐3 extracellular levels could reflect key underlying mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis etiology, development, and plaque rupture, such as inflammation, infiltration of circulating cells and oxidative stress. Moreover, circulating Gal‐3 concentrations are associated with clinical outcomes in patients with atherothrombosis.
Seasonality of the Urban Heat Island Effect in Madison, Wisconsin
Authors: Schatz Jason , Kucharik Christopher J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSpatial and temporal variation in the urban heat island (UHI) effect from March 2012 through October 2013 was characterized using continuous temperature measurements from an array of up to 151 fixed sensors in and around Madison, Wisconsin, an urban area of population 407 000 surrounded by lakes and a rural landscape of agriculture, forests, wetlands, and grasslands. Spatially, the density of the built environment was the primary driver of temperature patterns, with local modifying effects of lake proximity and topographic relief. Temporally, wind speed, cloud cover, relative humidity, soil moisture, and snow all influenced UHI intensity, although the magnitude and significance of their effects varied by season and time of day. Seasonally, UHI intensities tended to be higher during the warmer summer months and lower during the colder months. Seasonal trends in monthly average wind speed and cloud cover tracked annual trends in UHI intensity, with clearer, calmer conditions that are conducive to the stronger UHIs being more common during the summer. However, clear, calm summer nights still had higher UHI intensities than clear, calm winter nights, indicating that some background factor, such as vegetation, shifted baseline UHI intensities throughout the year. The authors propose that regional vegetation and snow-cover conditions set seasonal baselines for UHI intensity and that factors like wind and clouds modified daily UHI intensity around that baseline.
Origin of Decadal-Scale, Eastward-Propagating Heat Content Anomalies in the North Pacific*
Authors: Taguchi Bunmei , Schneider Niklas 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Upper ocean heat content (OHC) is at the heart of natural climate variability on interannual-to-decadal time scales, providing climate memory and the source of decadal prediction skill. In the midlatitude North Pacific Ocean, OHC signals are often found to propagate eastward as opposed to the frequently observed westward propagation of sea surface height, another variable that represents the ocean subsurface state. This dichotomy is investigated using a 150-yr coupled GCM integration. Simulated OHC signals are distinguished in terms of two processes that can support eastward propagation: higher baroclinic Rossby wave (RW) modes that are associated with density perturbation, and spiciness anomalies due to density-compensated temperature and salinity anomalies. The analysis herein suggests a unique role of the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension (KOE) region as an origin of the spiciness and higher mode RW signals. Wind-forced, westward-propagating equivalent barotropic RWs cause meridional shifts of the subarctic front in the KOE region. The associated anomalous circulation crosses mean temperature and salinity gradients and thereby generates spiciness anomalies. These anomalies are advected eastward by the mean currents, while the associated surface temperature anomalies are damped by air–sea heat exchange. The accompanying surface buoyancy flux generates higher baroclinic, eastward-propagating RWs. The results suggest that the large OHC variability in the western boundary currents and their extensions is associated with the spiciness gradients and axial variability of oceanic fronts.
Assessment of Modes of Interannual Variability of Southern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation in CMIP5 Models
Authors: Grainger Simon , Frederiksen Carsten S. , Zheng Xiaogu 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
An assessment is made of the modes of interannual variability in the seasonal mean summer and winter Southern Hemisphere (SH) 500-hPa geopotential height in the twentieth century in models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) phase 5 (CMIP5) dataset. Modes of variability of both the slow (signal) and intraseasonal (noise) components in the CMIP5 models are evaluated against those estimated from reanalysis data. There is general improvement in the leading modes of the slow (signal) component in CMIP5 models compared with the CMIP phase 3 (CMIP3) dataset. The largest improvement is in the spatial structures of the modes related to El Niño–Southern Oscillation variability in SH summer. An overall score metric is significantly higher for CMIP5 over CMIP3 in both seasons. The leading modes in the intraseasonal noise component are generally well reproduced in CMIP5 models, and there are few differences from CMIP3. A new total overall score metric is used to rank the CMIP5 models over both seasons. Weighting the seasons by the relative spread of overall scores is shown to be suitable for generating multimodel ensembles for further analysis of interannual variability. In multimodel ensembles, it is found that an ensemble of size 5 or 6 is sufficient in SH summer to reproduce well the dominant modes. In contrast, about 13 models are typically are required in SH winter. It is shown that it is necessary that the selected models individually reproduce well the leading modes of the slow component.
Getting to the Source: An Instrument for Examining the Dynamics of Problematic Interactions
Authors: Cui Xia 
Published: August 2014

A major challenge faced in research seeking to investigate the underlying dynamics of problematic interactions is that, when asked about the rationale underpinning what they said and did – their ‘theory of action in-use’ (Argyris and Schön, 1974, 1978, 1996) – participants are often unaware of what prompts their behaviour – or decide to hide it – so instead produce their ‘espoused theory of action’, the rationale they think ought to have been underpinning what they said and did. Using the left-right case protocol (Argyris and Schön, 1974), researchers investigating problematic interactions, especially interactions open to different cultural interpretations, are able to identify points of dilemma in these moments when participants report thinking X, then self-censoring and actually saying Y. The question ‘What prevented you from saying X?’ allows the opening up of participants’ theory of action in-use – where they thought they were, what they thought was happening, and what they thought their options were. This access to their theory of action in-use could then be opened up and examined with the participants. This paper will present the attributes of the protocol and its rationale, and give examples of its effectiveness in the study of Chinese-Australian problematic social interactions at work.
Failed inferior vena cava filter retrieval by conventional method: Analysis of its causes and retrieval of it by modified double-loop technique
Authors: Cho Eun , Lim Kyung Jae , Jo Jeong Hyun , Jung Gyoo-Sik , Park Byeong Ho 
Published: August 2014

Objectives To evaluate the complications of the temporary implanted inferior vena cava (IVC) filter and the feasibility of double-loop technique for removal of complicated IVC filters. Methods From January 2012 to December 2013, a total of 25 patients with IVC filter were referred for IVC filter retrieval. There were 20 Celect®, 3 OptEase®, and 2 Günther-Tulip® filters. All of the patients were evaluated with a pre-procedural CT scan to identify any complications. The IVC filters which had failed to be retrieved by the conventional method were evaluated, and retrieval was attempted with double loop technique. Results Sixteen of 25 (64%) filters had complications; IVC wall penetration ( n = 11, 44%), tilted within IVC ( n = 6, 24%), embedded struts ( n = 3, 12%), and fracture of the strut ( n = 1, 4%). The complications were overlapped in five patients. Two of them (8%) had also complained of filter-related pain. The success rate of IVC filter retrieval by double-loop technique was 14/16 (87.5%). There was no major filter retrieval-related complications. Conclusions The double-loop technique is a safe and feasible method for complicated IVC filter retrieval.
The Use of Multimedia as an Adjunct to the Informed Consent Process for Morton’s Neuroma Resection Surgery
Authors: Wang Calvin , Ammon Peter , Beischer Andrew D. 
Published: August 2014

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess if a computer-based multimedia education module (MEM) improved patients’ comprehension when used as an adjunct to the standard verbal consent process for Morton’s neuroma resection surgery. Methods: Nineteen patients (15 females and 4 males) considered candidates for Morton’s neuroma resection surgery were prospectively recruited. A standardized verbal discussion was had with each patient regarding risks and benefits of surgery, alternative treatments, and the usual postoperative course. Patient understanding was then assessed with a questionnaire. Each patient subsequently viewed the MEM and the questionnaire was repeated. Patients also rated ease of understanding and satisfaction with both methods of patient education. Results: Patients answered a significantly greater proportion of correct answers after viewing the MEM module (85%), compared to verbal discussion alone (61%) ( P = .002). Patients rated both the ease of understanding of the module and amount of information provided by the module as a mean of 9.3 cm on a 10 cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The majority of patients (76%) rated the multimedia tool as having answered their questions about surgery as well or better than the treating surgeon. Conclusion: An interactive multimedia educational tool was a useful adjunct to the informed consent process for patients considering Morton’s neuroma resection surgery. Levels of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Foot Motion After Uphill Walking With Mobilization With Movement Using Tape Applied to the Talocrural Joint in Women With Limited Ankle Dorsiflexion
Authors: Yoon Ji-yeon , Oh Jae-seop , An Duk-hyun 
Published: August 2014

Background: Previous studies that investigated mobilization with movement (MWM) treatment assessed only improvements in passive range of motion (ROM). No information is currently available regarding the efficacy of modified MWM by application of tape. Therefore, we investigated the effect of uphill walking with modified MWM using tape applied to the talocrural joint (uphill walking with MWM taping) in women with limited ankle dorsiflexion. Methods: Twelve feet of 12 women with ankle dorsiflexion < 8 degrees were studied. Passive ROM measured using a goniometer was used to select participants. Participants walked on a level walkway under 3 conditions: before exercise, after uphill walking, and after uphill walking with MWM taping. The Oxford Foot Model using 3D motion analysis system was used to examine dynamic foot kinematics, and statistical significance was determined by 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: After uphill walking with MWM taping, peak hindfoot dorsiflexion relative to the tibia was significantly greater than that before exercise and after uphill walking. Furthermore, peak forefoot plantarflexion relative to the hindfoot, peak hindfoot plantarflexion relative to the tibia, and backward tilt of the tibia were greater than those before exercise. Conclusions: Uphill walking with MWM taping resulted in an immediate alteration in foot motion during walking, increasing hindfoot dorsiflexion in particular. Clinical Relevance: Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of uphill walking with MWM taping and its potential use in rehabilitation training.
Effects of Alcohol Injection in Rat Sciatic Nerve as a Model for Morton’s Neuroma Treatment
Authors: Mazoch Mathew J. , Cheema Gulraiz A. , Suva Larry J. , Thomas Ruth L. 
Published: August 2014

Background: Previous studies have shown that the injection of dehydrated alcohol has been successful for the treatment of Morton’s neuroma in the foot. In this study, we determined the cellular effect of injection of alcohol into and around the sciatic nerve of rats and measured the extent of cell necrosis and/or any associated histologic or inflammatory changes. Methods: Twenty-two male (~375 g) Wistar rats were randomized into 2 groups each receiving alcohol injections into or around the sciatic nerve after nerve exposure under sterile technique. Group 1 rats were injected with a 0.5 ml solution of 0.5% Marcaine in the left sciatic nerve as a control group. In the right sciatic nerve a 0.5 ml solution of 4% ethanol with 0.5% Marcaine was injected. Group 2 rats received 0.5 ml of 20% ethanol with 0.5% Marcaine injected into the left sciatic nerve and 0.5 ml of 30% ethanol with 0.5% Marcaine injected into the right sciatic nerve. In each group, the rats were placed in 3 subgroups: intraneural, perineural, perimuscular injections. All rats were sacrificed and tissue harvested for histologic evaluation at day 10 post injection. Results: No evidence of alcohol-associated cell necrosis, apoptosis, or apparent inflammation was observed in histologic specimens of any injected nerves, perineural tissue, or muscles in controls or experimental groups regardless of concentration of ethanol injected on day 10. Conclusion: We concluded that alcohol injection (≤30% ethanol) into and/or around the sciatic nerve or the adjacent muscle of rats has no histologic evidence of necrosis or inflammation to the nerve or surrounding tissue. There was no observable histological change in apoptosis, or cell number, in response to the alcohol injection. Clinical Relevance: The lack of any measureable changes in nerve or adjacent muscle histology with ethanol injection into the rat sciatic nerve (and surrounding tissues) raises questions about the efficacy of using ethanol injections in the treatment of Morton’s neuroma in human clinical practice.
The “Critical” Turn
Authors: Gedro Julie , Collins Joshua C. , Rocco Tonette S. 
Published: August 2014

The Problem Dominant paradigms have begun to be questioned in some human resource development (HRD) scholarship. However, to date, there have been few systematic interrogations of power and privilege within the field. As a result, there remain unquestioned and tacit assumptions about HRD research and practice that hinder the ability of HRD to address the complexity of identity, perspective, and philosophy that characterize and influence organizations today. The Solution The use of theories and perspectives based on critical theory to interrogate HRD is needed for a deep and careful analysis of whose interests are served by HRD and whose interests can and perhaps should be served by HRD. This concluding article sets forth a hopeful retrospective synopsis of the articles in this Advances issue and illustrates how this body of work can inform HRD research and practice. The Stakeholders Those who are interested in acquiring a greater sense of awareness about how power and privilege serve as organizing frameworks in society in general, and in the workplace in specific, will benefit from this concluding article that casts a hopeful tone over complex and sometimes controversial issues. In particular, we imagine stakeholders to be corporate executives, diversity and inclusion executives, HRD scholars interested in gaining more awareness about diversity, and HRD practitioners who seek to develop programs that embrace those who are visible as well as those who have less visible identities.
Randomized controlled trial of cyclic and continuous therapy with trospium and solifenacin combination for severe overactive bladder in elderly patients with regard to patient compliance
Authors: Kosilov Kirill V. , Loparev Sergay A. , Ivanovskaya Marina A. , Kosilova Liliya V. 
Published: August 2014

Objectives: The aim of the study was to increase the efficiency of treatment for severe symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB) with antimuscarinic drugs in elderly men and women. Methods: A total of 341 patients over 65 years of age (average age 69.9; 186 women and 155 men) with severe symptoms of OAB (frequency of incontinence episodes [IEs] ≥ 3/day) underwent examination. Patients were distributed into three main groups: A ( n = 58; trospium 60 mg/day + solifenacin 20): three cycles, each cycle 8 weeks, with an 8-week interval; B ( n = 55; trospium 30 mg/day + solifenacin 10), regimen was the same as in group A; C ( n = 62; trospium 30 mg/day + solifenacin 10) daily during 1 year. Results: The most successful treatment for the clinical and urodynamic symptoms of OAB was observed in group A, without an increase in the quantity or intensity of side effects (IEs = 4.8 (0.9) → 1.4 (0.8); p ≤ 0.01). Groups B and C also demonstrated positive effects for most of the markers for lower urinary tract state with statistical significance p ≤ 0.01. Nonparametric correlation between decrease in IEs and relative number of patients who accurately fulfilled prescriptions was in group A, r = 0.53, p ≤ 0.05; in group B, r = 0.61; p ≤ 0.05; in group C, r = 0.55, p ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: Cyclic therapy with two different spectrum antimuscarinics appears to be effective for controlling severe OAB in elderly patients. One-year cyclic therapy with a trospium and solifenacin combination provides a high compliance level (76–84%). However, continuous therapy with standard doses of trospium and solifenacin results in low adherence and high rates of treatment withdrawals (≥ 66%) despite satisfactory clinical and urodynamic results.