bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slow Gait Speed Predicts Incident Dementia, Mortality, and Long-Term Functional Outcome in Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease
Authors: Hosoya Megumi , Toi Sono , Yoshizawa Hiroshi , Kitagawa Kazuo 
Published: August 2024

Background: Gait impairment is observed in patients with small vessel disease (SVD); however, the association between gait function and long-term outcome remains unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the predictive value of gait function on incident dementia, survival and functional outcome. Methods: Data were derived from a Japanese cohort of patients with SVD. This study included 522 participants who underwent 3-m timed up and go test (TUG), and gait speed, TUG time, was divided into tertiles. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate severity of white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, and medial temporal atrophy. Primary outcome was dementia. All-cause death and functional outcome by modified Rankin scale at the last visit was also evaluated. Results: The median age was 71 years, and median TUG time was 9.91 s. During follow-up period of 4.8 years, 32 cases of dementia occurred. Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that slow gait speed (TUG time >  10.88 s) was associated with a significantly higher risk of incident dementia than fast (TUG time <  9.03) and middle (TUG time, 9.04–10.87 s) speeds after adjusting risk factors, Mini-Mental State Examination, SVD severity and brain atrophy (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–6.42, p = 0.022). Slow speed was also associated with mortality and poor functional outcome compared with other speeds (adjusted odds ratio, 4.19; 95% confidence interval 1.92–9.18, p <  0.001). Conclusions: Gait function was associated with incident dementia, mortality and poor functional outcome independently of cognitive function, brain atrophy, and SVD severity.
Association of Young-Onset Dementia with Pre-Existing Peripheral Vestibular Disorders
Authors: Hung Shih-Han , Chang Alison H. , Cheng Yen-Fu , Lin Herng-Ching , Chen Chin-Shyan 
Published: August 2024

Background: The relationship between young-onset dementia and peripheral vestibular disorders remained largely unknown although this association was observed in the older population. Objective: This case-control study aims to investigate the association of young-onset dementia with a pre-existing diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders using a population-based data from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010. Methods: This study included 989 patients with young-onset dementia and 2967 propensity-score-matching controls. Differences in baseline characteristic between patients with young-onset dementia and controls were investigated using chi-square tests or t-tests. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to assess the association of young-onset dementia (outcome) with pre-existing peripheral vestibular disorders (predictor). Results: Compared to patients without young-onset dementia, those affected by this condition exhibited a statistically significantly higher rate of peripheral vestibular disorders (18.3% versus 8.2%, p < 0.001). Furthermore, our analysis found notable between-group disparities in the rates of Meniere’s Disease (3.5% versus 2.0%, p= 0.015), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (2.4% versus 1.1%, p= 0.006), and vestibular neuritis (2.4% versus 1.1%, p= 0.003). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of prior peripheral vestibular disorders increased the odds of young-onset dementia [2.603 (95% CI = 2.105∼3.220)] after adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, geographic location, urbanization level, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hearing loss, and hypertension. Conclusions: The study findings demonstrate a notable association between young-onset dementia and pre-existing peripheral vestibular disorders, suggesting that vestibular malfunction could play a role in the development of young-onset dementia.
Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Are Independently Associated with High Pulse Wave Velocity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kinjo Yoshino , Saji Naoki , Murotani Kenta , Sakima Hirokuni , Takeda Akinori , Sakurai Takashi , Ohya Yusuke , Kusunose Kenya 
Published: August 2024

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated an association between pulse wave velocity (PWV), cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), and cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer’s disease. However, the association between brachial-ankle PWV and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS), one component of cerebral SVD remains controversial. Objective: To investigate the relationship between brachial-ankle PWV and EPVS severity in participants without dementia. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of data of 74 participants from sub-analysis of ongoing research. We assessed cognitive function, brachial-ankle PWV, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Using brain MRI, EPVS were separately assessed as basal ganglia (BG)-EPVS or centrum semiovale (CSO)-EPVS on the basis of their location. The relationship between EPVS severity and brachial-ankle PWV was evaluated using multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses. Results: We analyzed 74 participants (women: 47%, mean age: 73 years, mild cognitive impairment [MCI]: 74%). Compared with participants with normal cognition, those with MCI were more likely to have both severe BG-EPVS and severe CSO-EPVS. In multivariable analyses, high brachial-ankle PWV and age were independently associated with BG-EPVS severity (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.19 [1.02–1.38], 1.09 [1.01–1.17], respectively), whereas only age was independently associated with CSO-EPVS severity. A causal mediation analysis under a counterfactual approach revealed a significant pure natural indirect effect of brachial-ankle PWV on MCI that was mediated by BG-EPVS (estimate: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12, p = 0.006). Conclusions: Brachial-ankle PWV was associated with BG-EPVS severity. High PWV may cause cerebrovascular pulsatility, which accelerates BG-EPVS and may worsen cognitive impairment.
Cognitive Effects of Three β-Adrenoceptor Acting Drugs in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Eijsvogel Pepijn P.N.M. , Borghans Laura G.J.M. , Prins Samantha , Moss Laurence , van Kraaij Sebastiaan J.W. , van Brummelen Emilie , Klaassen Erica , Martin Renee S. , Bautista Edgar , Ford Anthony P. , Kremer Philip H.C. , Groeneveld Geert Jan , Vargas Gabriel A. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Noradrenergic signaling declines in Parkinson’s disease (PD) following locus coeruleus neurodegeneration. Epidemiologic studies demonstrate that β-acting drugs slow PD progression. Objective: The primary objective was to compare the safety and effects of 3 β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) acting drugs on central nervous system (CNS) function after a single dose in healthy volunteers (HVs) and evaluate the effects of multiple doses of β-AR acting drugs in HVs and PD-patients. Methods: In Part A, HVs received single doses of 32 mg salbutamol, 160 μg clenbuterol, 60 mg pindolol and placebo administered in a randomized, 4-way cross-over study. In Part B (randomized cross-over) and Part C (parallel, 2:1 randomized), placebo and/or clenbuterol (20 μg on Day 1, 40 μg on Day 2, 80 μg on Days 3–7) were administered. CNS functions were assessed using the NeuroCart test battery, including pupillometry, adaptive tracking and recall tests. Results: Twenty-seven HVs and 12 PD-patients completed the study. Clenbuterol improved and pindolol reduced the adaptive tracking and immediate verbal recall performance. Clenbuterol and salbutamol increased and pindolol decreased pupil-to-iris ratios. Clenbuterol was selected for Parts B and C. In Part B, clenbuterol significantly increased performance in adaptive tracking with a tendency toward improved performance in immediate and delayed verbal recall. In Part C trends toward improved performance in immediate and delayed verbal recall were observed in PD-patients. Typical cardiovascular peripheral β2-AR effects were observed with clenbuterol. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the pro-cognitive effects of clenbuterol in HVs with similar trends in PD-patients. The mechanism of action is likely activation of β2-ARs in the CNS.
LOAD-LOADING CAPACITY AND CRACK FORMATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CYLINDRICAL SHELL WHEN CHANGING ITS THICKNESS
Authors: Surianinov Mykola , Neutov Stepan , Soroka Mykola , Metlizkiy Vitalii 
Published: August 2024

The results of experimental studies of long cylindrical shells with the aim of determining their stress-strain state, load-bearing capacity and crack resistance when the thickness of the shell changes are described. A special stand was developed by the authors to implement the task. 4 models of a cylindrical shell made of reinforced concrete (samples RC1-RC4) were manufactured and tested. The thickness of the samples was 45, 50, 55, 60 mm, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the side elements were changed accordingly. The distributed load (vertical) was applied in four strips, each 13 cm wide, and only the body of the shell, i.e. the side members were not loaded. The shell hinges from the corners on 100x100mm plates. Inside each side element are two reinforcing rods with a diameter of 10 mm. In order to obtain a complete and reliable picture of the deformation of the shell surface, 4 hour-type indicators are attached to each of the three zones located between the load chains. In addition to indicators, strain gauges were pasted on the shell, which were used to monitor deformations on the upper and lower surfaces. The loading process ended when the tested shell lost its ability to resist the external load. The magnitude of the load corresponding to this moment was taken as the bearing capacity of the shell. Simultaneously with the shell samples, control samples of prisms and cubes were made to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete. Graphs of the dependence of the relative deformation on the load were constructed. The bearing capacity of the shells and the load at which the first crack formed were determined. By the time of loss of bearing capacity, cracks with the same initial opening width of 0.05 mm had formed in all shells. The final crack opening width, as well as the load-bearing capacity, slightly increased with increasing shell thickness. However, the load at the beginning of crack formation turned out to be the largest for the two average values of the shell thickness – 50 and 55 mm. The general pattern of cracking of all samples is almost the same. The test methodology and the developed stand are universal in nature and will be used for further research.
LAND PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF LAND TASKS WITHIN AGRICULTURAL PROJECTS: SUCCESSFUL PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Prokopenko Nataliia , Dets Tetiana , Rozhi Tomas 
Published: August 2024

The development and implementation of innovative technologies and methods in land planning and management can become the key to solving these problems, offering new opportunities for the sustainable development of agricultural landscapes. The research aims to analyze successful practices and identify challenges in the field, which is extremely important for the development of effective strategies for sustainable land management at the local, national and international levels. The purpose of the article. assessment of modern approaches, methods and innovative solutions in land planning and management used in agro-landscape projects to ensure their environmental sustainability, economic efficiency and social justice. Research methods. 1). Geoinformation analysis for the collection, analysis, management and visualization of data on land resources in order to improve planning and management processes; 2). System analysis to determine the relationships between various components of agro-landscape systems, including the impact of agricultural technologies on natural resources; 3). Project approach to agro-landscape projects, with the aim of developing and implementing land planning and management projects. The results. Successful land planning and management requires an integrated approach that involves environmental, economic, and social aspects. This promotes a balance between production needs and conservation of natural resources. Prospects. Study of the effectiveness of the latest technologies in land planning and management, in particular artificial intelligence, blockchain and remote sensing, to identify promising directions for their use in agricultural landscapes. Development and testing of integrated land management models that take into account environmental, economic and social aspects in order to ensure sustainable development.
KEGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Subiyantoro Singgih , Mulyani Sri 
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan Multimedia Interaktif dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Pada Siklus I siswa hanya diberikan media CD Interaktif, sementara pada Siklus II diberikan media tambahan berupa lagu dan video. Capaian dari penelitian ini diantaranya peningkatan persentase minat belajar siswa, dari 65% pada Pra Siklus, menjadi 76,7% pada akhir Siklus I, dan menjadi 86,7% pada akhir Siklus II. Peningkatan lainnya terjadi pada keaktifan siswa dan guru. Persentase keaktifan siswa mengalami peningkatan dari 72% pada Pra Siklus, menjadi 82% pada Siklus I, dan menjadi 86% pada akhir Siklus II. Sementara aktivitas guru meningkat dari 76% pada Pra Siklus, menjadi 78% pada Siklus I, dan menjadi 85% pada akhir Siklus II. Peningkatan ini tentu dikarenakan adanya perbaikan-perbaikan selama proses pembelajaran oleh guru dan kolaborator selama dua Siklus. Berdasarkan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan penggunaan multimedia interaktif secara tepat mampu meningkatkan minat belajar Bahasa Inggris.
KEEFEKTIFAN MEDIA ARTIKEL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS NASKAH PIDATO
Authors: Setyorini Nurul , Rizqiana Suci 
Published: August 2024

Masalah penelitian ini adalah rendahnya kemampuan menulis. Tujuan umum penelitian meningkatkan kemampuan menulis naskah pidato mengunakan media artikel. Metode penelitian deskriptif. Bentuk penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjeknya mahasiswa semester 1, Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Hasil penelitianpeningkatan rata-rata kemampuan kognitif dalam menulis naskah pidato yaitu:awal siklus rata-rata kelasnya 22, siklus I rata-rata kelasnya 29, dan siklus II rata-rata kelasnya 34. Dari hasil observasi rata-rata siswa telah menulisdengan benar. Pada prasiklus peningkatkan motivasi20,8 %, siklus I 70,90 %, dan siklus II 90,20 %. Dari hasil obsevasi Padasiklus I dan siklus II terjadi peningkatan yang drastis yang disebabkan mahasiswa telahmampu menulis dengan latihan dan praktik.. Hasil pengamatan siklus I, dansiklus II, terjadi kenaikan rata-rata kelas pada setiap siklus. Penelitian tindakankelas ini dengan media artikel dapat meningkatkankemampuan menulis naskah pidato.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN KEBIASAAN BELAJARMAHASISWA
Authors: Nugroho Panggih Wahyu 
Published: August 2024

Proses pendidikan di berbagai jenjang pendidikan tidak terlepas dari proses belajar. Dunia pendidikan belajar merupakan hal yang sangat penting, karena menyangkut proses belajar dan membelajarkan. Dalam proses belajar perlu adanya latihan, semakin dilatih maka dapat diprediksikan hasilnya akan lebih baik. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang baik metode dan strategi belajar tidak hanya dilakukan sekali, akan tetapi dilakukan secara teratur dan berkesinambungan yang pada akhirnya akan menjadi suatu kebiasaan belajar. Oleh karena itu perlu disusun suatu instrument yang dapat mengukur kebiasaan belajar mahasiswa. Instrument tersebut diharapkan dapat mendeteksi permasalahan-permasalahan mahasiswa terkait dengan kebiasaan belajar mereka. Dengan masalah yang telah terdeteksi maka dosen pembimbing akademik dapat membantu permasalahan mahasiswa tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan instrumen kebiasaan belajar. Produk dari penelitian ini berupa skala kebiasaan belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menghasilkan skala kebiasaan belajar mahasiswa. Perancangan produk dilakukan melalui 4 tahap yaitu penelitian awal, perencanaan, dan pengembangan produk awal, uji kelayakan dan revisi produk. Hasil penelitian berupa alat ukur yang digunakan untuk melihat kebiasaan belajar siswa adalah alat ukur yang berisisi tentang merencanakan belajar, melaksanakan belajar, evaluasi hasil dan proses belajar dan kedisiplinan belajar. Instrumen ini terdiri dari 72 item yeng mewakili setiap indikator dari variable kebiasaan belajar.
Analisis Kelayakan Usaha dan Titik Impas Agroindustri Tape Singkong
Authors: Setiawan Imam , Arifin Samsul 
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the cost, revenue, and income, determine the R/C value and break-even point of the cassava tape agro-industry business in Gandamekar Village, Kadungora District, Garut Regency. The research using the census method. The number of cassava tape craftsmen is 12 people. The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively and carried out in one production process. The results showed that: The cost of the cassava tape agroindustry in Gandamekar Village in one production process averaged IDR. 440,313.83 and the average revenue was Rp. 628,333.33 so that the average income earned by the artisans was Rp. IDR. 188,035.35 in one production process. The R/C value of the cassava tape agro-industry business in Gandamekar Village is R/C ratio = 1.42 for every cost incurred of IDR 1, you will get a profit of IDR 0.42. (3) The break-even point for the cassava tape agroindustry revenue point is IDR. 10,421.06, the price break-even point is IDR.5,857.36 and the average production volume break-even point is 52.67 kg.
Pendampingan Preservasi dan Konservasi Bahan Pustaka di Perpustakaan SMP Swasta Nasrani Belawan Medan
Authors: Harefa Hilda Syaf'aini , Sirait Ronnie Togar Mulia , Ginting Maretta 
Published: August 2024

Libraries are increasingly developing into institutions that have an important role in collecting or preserving various forms of library materials. The impact of this is of course that every library must carry out the task of preserving or preserving various forms of library materials owned to anticipate the threat of damage which could result in the loss of intellectual content in these library materials. In practice, collection preservation activities are not only the responsibility of librarians. Ideally, it also requires awareness of users who utilize and use the collection. The aim of this activity is to increase understanding regarding the preservation and conservation of library materials and improve skills related to the preservation and conservation of library materials. The results of this activity are a) The implementation of community service went smoothly in accordance with the expectations of the team implementing community service, because almost all preservation actions were carried out, namely including preventive actions by implementing non-formal education for librarians, cleaning dusty library materials , regulating room temperature humidity, carrying out weeding of collections, tutorials on repackaging information and restorative actions by carrying out binding and lamination activities on damaged physical book collections, b) Participants are aware of the importance of preservation and conservation of library materials in preserving library materials owned by the library, c) Participants' responses to this activity stated that the delivery of the material was good and participants understood the explanation given. This is demonstrated by an interactive atmosphere between participants and the service team, as well as d) increasing insight both theoretically and practically regarding preservation and conservation procedures.
IMPROVING FISH POND WATER QUALITY THROUGH CLAY-FILTRATION AND BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT METHOD
Authors: Umudi Ese Queen , Umudi Ogheneyoma Peter , Asabor B. M. , Igere Okeoghene Festus 
Published: August 2024

This study sought to evaluate the physical, chemical and bacterial parameters of fish pond wastewater after treatment using clay filtration and biological treatment methods. Appropriate parameters were analyzed in other to determine the quality of the wastewater before and after treatment with clay, using standard methods. The clay sample used, which was obtained from Ossiomo Edo State was also analyzed by measuring its mineralogical and geochemical composition using x-ray diffractometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer respectively. The clay was found to be composed mainly of kaolinite and alumino-silicates. From the result obtained from the treatment of the fish pond wastewater showed significant percentage reduction in the relevant pollution parameters (electrical conductivity - 54.39% reduction, biochemical oxygen demand - 95.94% reduction, total dissolved solids - 40.25% reduction, chloride - 89.40% reduction, ammonia-nitrogen - 92.27% reduction, phosphate - 23.24% reduction, turbidity 94.11% reduction, total bacteria count - 92.57% reduction). The values obtained after treatment were lower than WHO and FEPA limit values and favoured quality production of fish and other non-potable usage, indicating that clay filtration is a cost-effective and eco-friendly method which can be employed in the treatment of fish pond wastewater.
PENYUSUNAN PAKET WISATA BUDAYA DI KAMPUNG ADAT SEGUNUNG, KABUPATEN JOMBANG, PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Dani Agha Mukti Ahmad , Andrea Garsione Agni 
Published: August 2024

Wisata budaya adalah salah satu potensi yang dimiliki oleh Kampung Adat Segunung, hanya saja karena minimnya promosi dan pemanfaatan potensi yang ada mengakibatkan pariwisata yang ada di Kampung Adat Segunung kurang dapat berkembang dengan baik. Hal ini tentu berdampak pada pelaksanaan pariwisata yang dikembangkan oleh kelompok sadar wisata di Kampung Adat Segunung, maka dari itu diperlukan penyusunan paket wisata untuk mendorong potensi wisata sehingga dapat di promosikan ke wisatawan. penyusunan paket wisata Dalam proses identifikasi potensi wisata terdapat 3 aspek potensi budaya yang dikembangkan yaitu kesenian, tradisi dan sistem mata pencaharian masyarakat. Dalam menyusun paket wisata dilakukan diskusi dan mendengarkan pendapat dari semua perserta atau disebut dengan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Tujuan dari penelitian artikel ini adalah umtuk melakukan analisis serta observasi mengenai potensi pariwisata budaya yang ada di Kampung Adat Segunung sehingga dapat disusun menjadi sebuah paket wisata yang mampu meningkatkan promosi serta mendorong minat wisatawan berkunjung ke Kampung Adat Segunung. kegiatan ini menghasilkan sebuah produk paket wisata budaya.

Kata kunci: budaya, pariwisata, paket wisata