bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decomposing the Member Relationship in Agricultural Cooperatives: Implications for Commitment
Authors: Cechin Andrei , Bijman Jos , Pascucci Stefano , Omta Onno 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTAgricultural cooperatives increasingly operate in strictly coordinated supply chains. It is important that members of a cooperative are committed to a customer‐oriented strategy, otherwise vertical coordination can be costly and the loss of autonomy at the farm level might negatively affect the members’ commitment to collective action. In this context, how can both types of commitment be strengthened? This study decomposes the member–cooperative relationship into four organizational mechanisms—market, hierarchy, community and democracy, which all play a role in generating commitment. Data originate from 148 farmers, all members of the same agricultural cooperative in Brazil. The results suggest first, that it is possible to disentangle commitment to collective action from commitment to a customer‐oriented strategy. Second, although members’ commitment to a customer‐oriented strategy might be affected by market and hierarchy mechanisms only, commitment to collective action might depend on the four organizational mechanisms. [ L200; M100; Q130].
Thoracic aortic disease in two patients with juvenile polyposis syndrome and SMAD4 mutations
Authors: Teekakirikul Polakit , Milewicz Dianna M. , Miller David T. , Lacro Ronald V. , Regalado Ellen S. , Rosales Ana Maria , Ryan Daniel P. , Toler Tomi L. , Lin Angela E. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractDilation or aneurysm of the ascending aorta can progress to acute aortic dissection (Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Aortic Dissections, TAAD). Mutations in genes encoding TGF‐β‐related proteins (TGFBR1, TGFBR2, FBN1, and SMAD3) cause syndromic and inherited TAAD. SMAD4 mutations are associated with juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) and a combined JPS–hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) known as JPS–HHT. A family with JPS–HHT was reported to have aortic root dilation and mitral valve abnormalities. We report on two patients with JPS–HHT with SMAD4 mutations associated with thoracic aortic disease. The first patient, an 11‐year‐old boy without Marfan syndrome features, had JPS and an apparently de novo SMAD4 mutation (c.1340_1367dup28). Echocardiography showed mild dilation of the aortic annulus and aortic root, and mild dilation of the sinotubular junction and ascending aorta. Computed tomography confirmed aortic dilation and showed small pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM). The second patient, a 34‐year‐old woman with colonic polyposis, HHT, and features of Marfan syndrome, had a SMAD4 mutation (c.1245_1248delCAGA). Echocardiography showed mild aortic root dilation. She also had PAVM and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. Her family history was significant for polyposis, HHT, thoracic aortic aneurysm, and dissection and skeletal features of Marfan syndrome in her father. These two cases confirm the association of thoracic aortic disease with JPS–HHT resulting from SMAD4 mutations. We propose that the thoracic aorta should be screened in patients with SMAD4 mutations to prevent untimely death from dissection. This report also confirms that SMAD4 mutations predispose to TAAD. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maternal transmission of interstitial 8p23.1 deletion detected during prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Guimiot F. , Dupont C. , Fuentes‐Duarte A. , Aboura A. , Bazin A. , Khung‐Savatovsky S. , Tillous‐Borde I. , Delezoide A.‐L. , Azancot A. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe report on the first prenatally diagnosed interstitial 8p23.1 maternally inherited deletion. At 20 weeks of gestation (WG) the fetus was diagnosed with a complete atrioventricular canal. In infancy, the mother underwent a two‐step cardiac surgery for an interrupted aortic arch type A associated to an inlet ventricular septal defect (VSD). A straddling of the tricuspid valve type B was confirmed during surgery. The outcome showed no cardiac failure or conduction anomalies. However, she presented with moderate intellectual disability. Classical and molecular cytogenetic studies on amniotic and maternal lymphocytes cells showed a nearly identical interstitial deletion of the 8p23.1 region encompassing the GATA4 gene locus (Mother: nt 6,913,337–12,580,828, fetus: nt 7,074,449–12,580,828) with no modification of the telomeric region. The relevance of our report is not only the maternal syndromic interstitial 8p23.1 deletion, but also maternal transmission which has never been reported before. The maternal and fetal phenotypes were not identical, however, even though they had the same cellular and molecular background: an alteration of the epithelial mesenchymal transition of the atrioventricular valvulo‐septal complex where GATA4 plays a positive role in the regulation. We reviewed all cases of interstitial 8p23.1 deletions diagnosed either prenatally or postnatally. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Movies of Molecular Motions and Reactions: The Single‐Molecule, Real‐Time Transmission Electron Microscope Imaging Technique
Authors: Nakamura Eiichi 
Published: December 2012

Abstract“The truth is, the Science of Nature has been already too long made only a work of the Brain and the Fancy: It is now high time that it should return to the plainness and soundness of Observations on material and obvious things,” proudly declared Robert Hooke in his highly successful picture book of microscopic and telescopic images, “Micrographia” in 1665. Hooke’s statement has remained true in chemistry, where a considerable work of the brain and the fancy is still necessary. Single‐molecule, real‐time transmission electron microscope (SMRT‐TEM) imaging at an atomic resolution now allows us to learn about molecules simply by watching movies of them. Like any dream come true, the new analytical technique challenged the old common sense of the communities, and offers new research opportunities that are unavailable by conventional methods. With its capacity to visualize the motions and the reactions of individual molecules and molecular clusters, the SMRT‐TEM technique will become an indispensable tool in molecular science and the engineering of natural and synthetic substances, as well as in science education.
Decontamination of tannery industry wastewater containing high organic load along with Cr3+: a comparative study
Authors: Ghosh Prabir , Kumar R. , Samanta A. N. , Ray S. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe applicability of different advance oxidation processes (UV, H2O2/UV, Fe2+/H2O2/UV and Fe3+/H2O2/UV, Fe2+/H2O2) to treat real tannery wastewater was investigated in this work, and their efficiency was compared. Reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and removal of chromium was envisaged through two consecutive processes: COD reduction followed by chromium removal. Comparisons of the specific energy consumption between UV, UV/H2O2 system, UV/H2O2/Fe2+, UV/H2O2/Fe3+ system were also reported. The chemical precipitation processes with different precipitating agents, CaO, MgO and NaOH, for the removal of chromium was investigated. Chromium removal and sludge volume at different pH values for three precipitating agents were assessed. The sludge generated during chemical precipitation has been characterized. The experimental results show that optimum conditions for Fe2+/H2O2 are 2 M H2O2, 0.04 M Fe2+, pH 3 and for Fe2+/H2O2/UV these are 0.5 M H2O2, 0.04 M Fe2+. The photo‐Fenton system with lower H2O2 dosage (0.5 M) and lower duration (60 min) could achieve same extent of COD reduction (97%) achieved in Fenton's treatment with higher (2 M) H2O2 dosage and longer duration (90 min) of treatment.The results demonstrated that the photo‐Fenton process was superior over other processes. The wastewater treated with CaO and MgO met the stringent discharge limit of below 1 mg/L for total chromium. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrospun polyaniline nanofibers web electrodes for supercapacitors
Authors: Chaudhari Sudeshna , Sharma Yogesh , Archana Panikar Sathyaseelan , Jose Rajan , Ramakrishna Seeram , Mhaisalkar Subodh , Srinivasan Madhavi 
Published: December 2012

AbstractPolyaniline nanofibers (PANI‐NFs) web are fabricated by electrospinning and used as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Field‐emission scanning electron microscope micrographs reveal nanofibers web were made up of high aspect ratio (>50) nanofibers of length ∼30 μm and average diameter ∼200 nm. Their electrochemical performance in aqueous (1M H2SO4 and Na2SO4) and organic (1M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate) electrolytes is compared with PANI powder prepared by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. The electrochemical properties of PANI‐NFs web and PANI powder are studied using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. PANI‐NFs web show higher specific capacitance (∼267 F g−1) than chemically synthesized PANI powder (∼208 F g−1) in 1M H2SO4. Further, PANI‐NFs web demonstrated very stable and superior performance than its counterpart due to interconnected fibrous morphology facilitating the faster Faradic reaction toward electrolyte and delivered specific capacitance ∼230 F g−1 at 1000th cycle. Capacitance retention of PANI‐NFs web (86%) is higher than that observed for PANI powder (48%) indicating the feasibility of electro spun PANI‐NFs web as superior electrode materials for supercapacitors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Polyurethane–attapulgite porous material: Preparation, characterization, and application for dye adsorption
Authors: Dong Ke , Qiu Fengxian , Guo Xiaorui , Xu Jicheng , Yang Dongya , He Kaichen 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA series of polyurethane–attapulgite porous (HATT/PU) materials were prepared from polyether polyol (NJ‐330), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), acid activated attapulgite (HATT), sodium bicarbonate as foaming agent, dibutylbis (lauroyloxy) tin (DBLT) as catalyst and silicon oil as stabilizer by foaming technique. The materials were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. The polyurethane–attapulgite porous material as adsorbent was applied to malachite green (MG) dye wastewater treatment. Effects of attapulgite content, time, temperature, pH, and adsorbent dosage have been studied. The experimental results show that the maximum adsorption efficiency occurred at an attapulgite content of 6.0%, a time of 2.5 h, a temperature of 35°C, a pH >5 and a HATT/PU dosage of 40 mg/mL. Equilibrium isotherms for the adsorption of the dye have been measured experimentally. Results were analyzed by the Freundlich and Langmuir equation and the characteristics parameters for each adsorption isotherm were determined: Gibb's free energy (ΔG°), change in enthalpy (ΔH°) and change in entropy (ΔS°) have been calculated. The results indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneously an endothermic reaction and kinetically proceeded according to the pseudo‐second‐order model. The experimental results suggest that the prepared polyurethane–attapulgite porous materials have potential application for the wastewater treatment containing MG dye. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Design, Synthesis, and Anticonvulsant Activity Evaluation of 4‐(3‐Alkoxy‐phenyl)‐2,4‐dihydro‐[1,2,4]triazol‐3‐ones
Authors: Shu Bing , Zheng Yan , Wang Shi‐Ben , Deng Xian‐Qing , Quan Zhe‐Shan 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA series of 4‐(3‐alkoxy‐phenyl)‐2,4‐dihydro‐[1,2,4]triazol‐3‐ones were synthesized using the appropriate synthetic route and evaluated experimentally in the maximal electroshock test; their neurotoxicities were evaluated by the rotarod neurotoxicity test. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by IR, MS, 1H‐NMR, and elementary analysis. All target compounds exhibited anticonvulsant activity to varying degrees in the maximal electroshock test. 4‐(3‐Benzyloxy‐phenyl)‐2,4‐dihydro‐[1,2,4]triazol‐3‐one (4i) was the most promising compound with an ED50 value of 30.5 mg/kg and a protective index (PI) of 18.63, showing a higher safety than the standard carbamazepine (PI = 6.45). In addition, the potency of compound 4i against seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole and 3‐mercaptopropionic acid suggested its broad‐spectrum activity, and the mechanisms of action including inhibition of voltage‐gated ion channels and modulation of GABAergic activity might be involved in its anticonvulsant activity.
Fluorescence quenching studies on the interaction of riboflavin with tryptophan and its analytical application
Authors: Li Pingping , Liu Shaopu , Wang Xiaodan , Liu Zhengqing , He Youqiu 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe ineraction between riboflavin (RBF) and tryptophan (Trp) was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy under physiological conditions. The fluorescence of Trp was quenched by RBF via dynamic quenching, which was analyzed using the Stern–Volmer relation. The value of the Forster distance R0 (2.31 nm) was obtained according to the Forster's theory of nonradiative energy transfer. Under physiological conditions, a linear relationship could be established between the quenched fluorescence intensity of Trp and the concentration of RBF in the range of 5.8 × 10‐7–2.0 × 10‐5 mol/L. The detection limit was 1.8 × 10‐7 mol/L. The method was successfully applied to determine riboflavin concentrations in pharmaceutical samples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brushite cement additives inhibit attachment to cell culture beads
Authors: Jamshidi Parastoo , Bridson Rachel H. , Wright Adrian J. , Grover Liam M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBrushite‐forming calcium phosphate cements are of great interest as bone replacement materials because they are resorbable in physiological conditions. Cell‐attached culture beads formed from this material could be of great use for cell therapy. Despite a significant amount of work on optimizing the physicochemical properties of these materials, there are very few studies that have evaluated the capacity of the materials to facilitate cell adhesion. In this study, we have formed resorbable calcium phosphate (brushite) culture beads and for the first time we showed that cell attachment to the surface of the brushite cement (BC) could be inhibited by the presence of an intermediate dicalcium phosphate–citrate complex, formed in the cement as a result of using citric acid, a retardant and viscosity modifier used in many cement formulations. The BC beads formed from the mixture of β‐TCP/orthophosphoric acid using citric acid did not allow cell attachment without further treatment. Ageing of BC beads in serum‐free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) solution at 37°C for 1 week greatly enhanced the cell adhesion capacity of the material. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and confocal Raman microspectrometry indicated the increased capacity for cell adhesion was due to the changes in phase composition of BC. XRD patterns collected before and after ageing in aqueous solution and a high initial mass loss, suggest the formation of a dicalcium phosphate–citrate complex within the matrix. Since compacts formed from brushite powder supported cell attachment, it was hypothesized that the dicalcium phosphate–citrate complex prevented attachment to the cement surface. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1487–1494. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Introduction
Authors: Hlava Marjorie M. K. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractEditor's SummaryAs demands for knowledge management have broadened the use of taxonomies, taxonomists are finding more applications for their work and seeking ways to ensure the products are implemented well for added value. This special section provides a brief guide to building taxonomies for standardized use by multiple work groups. A case study in taxonomy maintenance traces the process of updating and expanding a vocabulary to serve the burgeoning world of science. One article addresses practical methods for evaluating taxonomy schemes and the decision making involved in applying terms to classify content. Another explores taxonomies as navigational tools and as the basis for automatic classification and ways those specialized uses influence taxonomy design. The importance of integrating and coordinating taxonomy construction in the developmental phase of website architecture is explained as being key to maximizing the taxonomy's value and contribution to user experience. The application of taxonomies and automated indexing in the health domain is presented, discussing their innovative implementation for coding electronic medical records.
On what assumptions do you base your thinking? Contextual challenges and strategic possibilities
Authors: Haller Thom 
Published: December 2012

AbstractEditor's SummaryThe author's experience over years shows how the transience of shifting contexts and the desire to rush into new information structures can easily lead to failure. In one instance, midlevel managers understood the value and possibilities of structuring information to serve end users, but they were overridden by executives who insisted on developing a portal, the current trend, at the expense of a public facing website. Strategic decisions made without full understanding of the problem are doomed. Information architects must take an active role helping clients navigate the structure of information. They must communicate the importance of asking strategic questions to understand the audience, purpose and context of a website under development and then clarify the priorities and necessary actions to achieve the goal.
Deep fat of the face revisited
Authors: Cho Kwang Ho , Lee Hak Seung , Katori Yukio , Rodríguez‐Vázquez Jose Francisco , Murakami Gen , Abe Shin‐Ichi 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe midfacial deep fatty tissue has been divided into the buccal and parapharyngeal fat pads although the former carries several extensions in adults. Using histological sections of 15 large human fetuses, we demonstrated that the parapharyngeal fat pad corresponds to the major content of the prestyloid compartment of the parapharyngeal space or, simply, the prestyloid fat. The buccal and prestyloid fatty tissues were separated by the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. In these tissues, superficial parts, corresponding to the lower body and the masseteric extension of the adult buccal fat pad, were well encapsulated and showed the most advanced stage of histogenesis. As the sphenoid bone was not fully developed even in the largest specimens, the temporal, infratemporal, and pterygopalatine fossae joined to provide a large space for a single, large upper extension of the buccal fat pad. In the intermediate part of the extension course, the larger specimens carried a narrower part between the maxilla and the temporalis muscle. The single, upper extension appeared to divide into several extensions, as seen in adults. The periocular fat was clearly separated from the upper extension of the buccal fat pad by the sheet‐like orbitalis muscle. A communication between the prestyloid fat and the buccal fat pad likely occurred through a potential space along the lingual nerve immediately superior to the deep part of the submandibular gland. At this site, therefore, the prestyloid fat may be injured or infected when the buccal fat pad is treated surgically. Clin. Anat., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long term follow‐up of drug eluting versus bare metal stents in the treatment of saphenous vein graft lesions
Authors: Ybarra Luiz F. , Ribeiro Henrique B. , Pozetti Antonio H. , Campos Carlos A. , Esper Rodrigo B. , Lemos Pedro A. , Lopes Augusto C. , Kalil‐Filho Roberto , Ellis Stephen G. , Ribeiro Expedito E. 
Published: December 2012

IntroductionThe safety and effectiveness of drug‐eluting stent (DES) compared with bare metal stents (BMS) for the treatment of saphenous vein graft (SVG) disease is controversial, especially because of the lack of long‐term follow‐up. The aim of this study was to address the late outcome of DES versus BMS for the treatment of SVG lesions.MethodsA matched, case‐control study included 82 patients in each group. Patients groups were matched by gender, age, clinical presentation, and diabetes. The primary study end point was occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Secondary end points included death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target vessel revascularization (TVR).ResultsClinical and angiographic characteristics were similar between the groups. At 6 months, TVR (hazard ratio [HR] 6.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39 to 26.93, P = 0.05), and MACE (HR 2.54, 95% CI 1.08 to 5.98, P = 0.04) were higher in the BMS group. At 4 years the risks of MI (P = 0.21), TVR (P = 0.99), and MACE (P = 0.21) were similar between both groups. However, the rates of death (HR 2.74, 95% CI 1.11 to 6.74, P = 0.04) and cardiac death (HR 4.26, 95% CI 1.59 to 11.35, P = 0.01) were significantly higher in the BMS group.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the use of DES compared with BMS in the treatment of SVG lesions reduces TVR and MACE at 6 months of follow‐up, a benefit that was lost over the next 3–4 years. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: The New Complex Barium Mercurid Ba20Hg103 and Its Ternary Zinc and Cadmium Variants.
Authors: Wendorff Marco , Roehr Caroline 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBa20Hg103, Ba20Cd4Hg99, and Ba20Zn5Hg99 are synthesized from melts of the elements.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies of Rubidium Selenate with Secondary Phase of RbOH under Humidified Reducing Atmosphere.
Authors: Beyribey Berceste , Hallinder Jonathan , Poulsen Finn Willy , Bonanos Nikolaos , Mogensen Mogens 
Published: December 2012

AbstractRb2SeO4 is synthesized by slow evaporation of aqueous solutions of Rb2CO3 and H2SeO4 (50 °C, 2 d) and characterized by calorimetry, impedance spectroscopy, and powder XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure, Growth and Properties of a Novel Polar Material, KSr4B3O9.
Authors: Zhao Wenwu , Pan Shilie , Wang Yongjiang , Yang Zhihua , Wang Xian , Han Jian 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe new polar title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of K2CO3, SrCO3, and H3BO3 (Pt crucible, 900 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Coupling Reaction of Allylic Ethers with Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Kiuchi Hiroyoshi , Takahashi Dai , Funaki Kenji , Sato Tetsuo , Oi Shuichi 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn the presence of an optimized catalytic system and an optimized ether leaving group, optically active branched alkenes are obtained with excellent regioselectivities and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Laccase‐Catalyzed α‐Arylation of Cyclic β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Pietruszka Joerg , Wang Chuan 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAn oxidation/Michael addition sequence permits the synthesis of α‐arylated cyclic β‐dicarbonyl compounds employing various catechols as precursors.
ChemInform Abstract: 3,5‐Dioxopimelates as New Synthetic Building Blocks. Cyclocondensation with 1,2‐, 1,3‐ and 1,4‐Dinucleophiles.
Authors: Bendrath Franziska , Specowius Verena , Michalik Dirk , Langer Peter 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe regioselective cyclocondensation of 3,5‐dioxopimelates with 1,2‐, 1,3‐, and 1,4‐dinucleophiles affords a variety of functionalized heterocycles, which are not readily available by other methods.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Electron Transfer Reduction of Lactones Using SmI2—H2O.
Authors: Szostak Michal , Collins Karl D. , Fazakerley Neal J. , Spain Malcolm , Procter David J. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractA wide range of lactones with different ring size and substitution pattern is reduced in the system SmI2—Et3N—water to give the ring‐opened diols in good yields under mild reaction conditions.