bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaborative care for comorbid depression and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Atlantis Evan , Fahey Paul , Foster Jann 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveThe collaborative care model is recommended for depression in adults with a chronic physical health problem like diabetes. We sought to systematically assess the effect of collaborative care on depression and glycaemia in adults with comorbid depression and diabetes to inform guidelines and practice.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Health Source Nursing, MEDLINE, PsychINFO and reference lists of retrieved articles published before August 2013.Inclusion criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) on collaborative care (ie, coordinated multidisciplinary model of care) for depression that reported the effects on depression and glycaemic outcomes in adults with comorbid clinically relevant depression and diabetes were eligible.Data extraction and analysisData on the mean difference in depression and glycaemic outcomes were extracted and pooled using random effects meta-analysis.ResultsSeven RCTs included for review reported effects on depression outcomes in 1895 participants, and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level in 1556 participants. Collaborative care significantly improved the depression score (standardised mean difference was −0.32 (95% CI −0.53 to −0.11); I2=79%) and HbA1c level (weighted mean difference was −0.33% (95% CI −0.66% to −0.00%); I2=72.9%) compared with control conditions. Depression remission did not predict better glycaemic control across studies.ConclusionsLimited evidence from short-to-medium term RCTs predominantly conducted in the USA suggests that collaborative care for depression significantly improves both depression and glycaemia outcomes, independently, in people with comorbid depression and diabetes.
Computerised provider order entry combined with clinical decision support systems to improve medication safety: a narrative review
Authors: Ranji Sumant R , Rennke Stephanie , Wachter Robert M 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundAdverse drug events (ADEs) are a major cause of morbidity in hospitalised and ambulatory patients. Computerised provider order entry (CPOE) combined with clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are being widely implemented with the goal of preventing ADEs, but the effectiveness of these systems remains unclear.MethodsWe searched the specialised database Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Patient Safety Net to identify reviews of the effect of CPOE combined with CDSS on ADE rates in inpatient and outpatient settings. We included systematic and narrative reviews published since 2008 and controlled clinical trials published since 2012.ResultsWe included five systematic reviews, one narrative review and two controlled trials. The existing literature consists mostly of studies of homegrown systems conducted in the inpatient setting. CPOE+CDSS was consistently reported to reduce prescribing errors, but does not appear to prevent clinical ADEs in either the inpatient or outpatient setting. Implementation of CPOE+CDSS profoundly changes staff workflow, and often leads to unintended consequences and new safety issues (such as alert fatigue) which limit the system's safety effects.ConclusionsCPOE+CDSS does not appear to reliably prevent clinical ADEs. Despite more widespread implementation over the past decade, it remains a work in progress.
Republished: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: non-invasive investigation and risk stratification
Authors: Dyson J K , McPherson S , Anstee Q M 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a histological spectrum of liver disease, from simple steatosis through to cirrhosis. As the worldwide rates of obesity have increased, NAFLD has become the commonest cause of liver disease in many developed countries, affecting up to a third of the population. The majority of patients have simple steatosis that carries a relatively benign prognosis. However, a significant minority have non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and have increased liver related and cardiovascular mortality. Identifying those at risk of progressive disease is crucial. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard investigation for assessing stage of disease but its invasive nature makes it impractical for widespread use as a prognostic tool. Non-invasive tools for diagnosis and disease staging are required, reserving liver biopsy for those patients where it offers clinically relevant additional information. This review discusses the non-invasive modalities available for assessing steatosis, steatohepatitis and fibrosis. We propose a pragmatic approach for the assessment of patients with NAFLD to identify those at high risk of progressive disease who require referral to specialist services.
Comparing the Activity Profiles of Wheelchair Rugby Using a Miniaturised Data Logger and Radio-Frequency Tracking System
Authors: Mason Barry , Lenton John , Rhodes James , Cooper Rory , Goosey-Tolfrey Victoria 
Published: April 2014

The current study assessed the validity and reliability of a miniaturised data logger (MDL) against a radio-frequency-based indoor tracking system (ITS) for quantifying key aspects of mobility performance during wheelchair rugby. Eleven international wheelchair rugby players were monitored by both devices during four wheelchair rugby matches. MDL data were averaged over both 1-second (MDL-1) and 5-second (MDL-5) intervals to calculate distance, mean, and peak speeds. The results revealed no significant differences between devices for the distance covered or mean speeds, although random errors of 10% and 12%, respectively, were identified in relation to the mean values. No significant differences in peak speed were revealed between ITS (3.91±0.32 m·s−1) and MDL-1 (3.85±0.45 m·s−1). Whereas peak speeds in MDL-5 (2.75±0.29  m·s−1) were significantly lower than ITS. Errors in peak speed led to large random errors in time and distance spent in speed zones relative to peak speed, especially in MDL-5. The current study revealed that MDL provide a reasonable representation of the distance and mean speed reported during wheelchair rugby. However, inaccuracy in the detection of peak speeds limits its use for monitoring performance and prescribing wheelchair rugby training programmes.
Convergence in Distribution of Some Self-Interacting Diffusions
Authors: Kurtzmann Aline 
Published: April 2014

The present paper is concerned with some self-interacting diffusions(Xt,t≥0)living onℝd. These diffusions are solutions to stochastic differential equations:dXt=dBt-g(t)∇V(Xt-μ¯t)dt, whereμ¯tis the empirical mean of the processX,Vis an asymptotically strictly convex potential, andgis a given positive function. We study the asymptotic behaviour ofXfor three different families of functionsg. Ifgt=klog⁡twithksmall enough, then the processXconverges in distribution towards the global minima ofV, whereas iftg(t)→c∈]0,+∞]or ifg(t)→g(∞)∈[0,+∞[, thenXconverges in distribution if and only if∫xe-2V(x) dx=0.
p53 and NF-κB Coregulate Proinflammatory Gene Responses in Human Macrophages
Authors: Lowe Julie M. , Menendez Daniel , Bushel Pierre R. , Shatz Maria , Kirk Erin L. , Troester Melissa A. , Garantziotis Stavros , Fessler Michael B. , Resnick Michael A. 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Macrophages are sentinel immune cells that survey the tissue microenvironment, releasing cytokines in response to both exogenous insults and endogenous events such as tumorigenesis. Macrophages mediate tumor surveillance and therapy-induced tumor regression; however, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and their products may also promote tumor progression. Whereas NF-κB is prominent in macrophage-initiated inflammatory responses, little is known about the role of p53 in macrophage responses to environmental challenge, including chemotherapy or in TAMs. Here, we report that NF-κB and p53, which generally have opposing effects in cancer cells, coregulate induction of proinflammatory genes in primary human monocytes and macrophages. Using Nutlin-3 as a tool, we demonstrate that p53 and NF-κB rapidly and highly induce interleukin (IL)-6 by binding to its promoter. Transcriptome analysis revealed global p53/NF-κB co-regulation of immune response genes, including several chemokines, which effectively induced human neutrophil migration. In addition, we show that p53, activated by tumor cell paracrine factors, induces high basal levels of macrophage IL-6 in a TAM model system [tumor-conditioned macrophages (TCM)]. Compared with normal macrophages, TCMs exhibited higher p53 levels, enhanced p53 binding to the IL-6 promoter, and reduced IL-6 levels upon p53 inhibition. Taken together, we describe a mechanism by which human macrophages integrate signals through p53 and NF-κB to drive proinflammatory cytokine induction. Our results implicate a novel role for macrophage p53 in conditioning the tumor microenvironment and suggest a potential mechanism by which p53-activating chemotherapeutics, acting upon p53-sufficient macrophages and precursor monocytes, may indirectly impact tumors lacking functional p53. Cancer Res; 74(8); 2182–92. ©2014 AACR.
Hypermethylation of theGABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224Promoter in Prostate Cancer Predicts Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Kristensen Helle , Haldrup Christa , Strand Siri , Mundbjerg Kamilla , Mortensen Martin M. , Thorsen Kasper , Ostenfeld Marie Stampe , Wild Peter J. , Arsov Christian , Goering Wolfgang , Visakorpi Tapio , Egevad Lars , Lindberg Johan , Grönberg Henrik , Høyer Søren , Borre Michael , Ørntoft Torben F. , Sørensen Karina D. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPurpose: Available tools for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis are suboptimal and novel biomarkers are urgently needed. Here, we investigated the regulation and biomarker potential of the GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 genomic locus.Experimental Design: GABRE/miR-452/miR-224 transcriptional expression was quantified in 80 nonmalignant and 281 prostate cancer tissue samples. GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 promoter methylation was determined by methylation-specific qPCR (MethyLight) in 35 nonmalignant, 293 prostate cancer [radical prostatectomy (RP) cohort 1] and 198 prostate cancer tissue samples (RP cohort 2). Diagnostic/prognostic biomarker potential of GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 methylation was evaluated by ROC, Kaplan–Meier, uni- and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Functional roles of miR-224 and miR-452 were investigated in PC3 and DU145 cells by viability, migration, and invasion assays and gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of posttransfection transcriptional profiling data.Results: GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 was significantly downregulated in prostate cancer compared with nonmalignant prostate tissue and had highly cancer-specific aberrant promoter hypermethylation (AUC = 0.98). Functional studies and GSEA suggested that miR-224 and miR-452 inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC3 and DU145 cells by direct/indirect regulation of pathways related to the cell cycle and cellular adhesion and motility. Finally, in uni- and multivariate analyses, high GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 promoter methylation was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence in RP cohort 1, which was successfully validated in RP cohort 2.Conclusion: The GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 locus is downregulated and hypermethylated in prostate cancer and is a new promising epigenetic candidate biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Tumor-suppressive functions of the intronic miR-224 and miR-452 were demonstrated in two prostate cancer cell lines, suggesting that epigenetic silencing of GABRE∼miR-452∼miR-224 may be selected for in prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 20(8); 2169–81. ©2014 AACR.
Identification of Functional Modules by Integration of Multiple Data Sources Using a Bayesian Network Classifier
Authors: Wang Jinlian , Zuo Yiming , Liu Lun , Man Yangao , Tadesse Mahlet G. , Ressom Habtom W. 
Published: April 2014

Background—
Prediction of functional modules is indispensable for detecting protein deregulation in human complex diseases such as cancer. Bayesian network is one of the most commonly used models to integrate heterogeneous data from multiple sources such as protein domain, interactome, functional annotation, genome-wide gene expression, and the literature.

Methods and Results—
In this article, we present a Bayesian network classifier that is customized to (1) increase the ability to integrate diverse information from different sources, (2) effectively predict protein–protein interactions, (3) infer aberrant networks with scale-free and small-world properties, and (4) group molecules into functional modules or pathways based on the primary function and biological features. Application of this model in discovering protein biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma leads to the identification of functional modules that provide insights into the mechanism of the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. These functional modules include cell cycle deregulation, increased angiogenesis (eg, vascular endothelial growth factor, blood vessel morphogenesis), oxidative metabolic alterations, and aberrant activation of signaling pathways involved in cellular proliferation, survival, and differentiation.

Conclusions—
The discoveries and conclusions derived from our customized Bayesian network classifier are consistent with previously published results. The proposed approach for determining Bayesian network structure facilitates the integration of heterogeneous data from multiple sources to elucidate the mechanisms of complex diseases.
Tetanus Toxoid‐Pulsed Monocyte Vaccination for Augmentation of Collateral Vessel Growth
Authors: Herold Joerg , Francke Alexander , Weinert Soenke , Schmeisser Alexander , Hebel Katrin , Schraven Burkhart , Roehl Friedich‐Wilhelm , Strasser Ruth H. , Braun‐Dullaeus Ruediger C. 
Published: April 2014

Background
The pathogenesis of collateral growth (arteriogenesis) has been linked to both the innate and adaptive immune systems. While therapeutic approaches for the augmentation of arteriogenesis have focused on innate immunity, exploiting both innate and adaptive immune responses has not been examined. We hypothesized that tetanus toxoid (tt) immunization of mice followed by transplantation of monocytes (Mo) exposed ex vivo to tt augments arteriogenesis after ligation of the hind limb.

Methods and Results

Mo were generated from nonimmunized
BALB
/c mice, exposed ex vivo to tt for 24 hours and intravenously injected (ttMo, 2.5×10
6
) into the tail veins of tt‐immunized syngeneic mice whose hind limbs had been ligated 24 hours prior to transplantation. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging was applied, and a perfusion index (
PI
) was calculated (ratio ligated/unligated). Twenty‐one days after ligation, the arteriogenesis of untreated
BALB
/c mice was limited (
PI
=0.49±0.09). Hind limb function was impaired in 80% of animals. Injection of non‐engineered Mo insignificantly increased the
PI
to 0.56±0.07. However, ttMo transplantation resulted in a strong increase of the
PI
to 0.82±0.08 (n=7;
P
<0.001), with no (0%) detectable functional impairment. ttMo injected into nonimmunized mice had no effect. The strong arteriogenic response of ttMo transplantation into immunized mice was prevented when mice had been depleted of T‐helper cells by
CD
4‐antibody pretreatment (
PI
=0.50±0.08; n=17;
P
<0.001), supporting the hypothesis that transplanted cells interact with recipient lymphocytes.

Conclusions
Transplantation of ttMo into pre‐immunized mice strongly promotes arteriogenesis. This therapeutic approach is feasible and highly attractive for the alleviation of morbidity associated with vascular occlusive disease.
Impacts of Autumn Arctic Sea Ice Concentration Changes on the East Asian Winter Monsoon Variability
Authors: Chen Zhang , Wu Renguang , Chen Wen 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
The present study investigated the impacts of autumn Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) changes on the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and associated climate and circulation on the interannual time scale. It is found that the Arctic SIC anomalies have little impact on the southern mode of EAWM, but the northern mode is significantly associated with both western and eastern Arctic SIC anomalies. When there is less (more) SIC in eastern (western) Arctic, the EAWM tends to be stronger. The concurrent surface air temperature anomalies are induced both locally due to the direct effect of ice cover and in remote regions through anomalous wind advection. Analysis showed that eastern Arctic SIC anomalies have a larger effect on local atmospheric stability of the lower troposphere than western Arctic SIC anomalies. Winter temperature over the midlatitudes of East Asia is lower when there is more (less) SIC in the western (eastern) Arctic. The atmospheric response to the Arctic SIC anomalies is dominantly barotropic in autumn, and changes to baroclinic over the midlatitudes of Asia, but remains barotropic in other regions in winter. The mid- to high-latitude circulation systems, including the Siberian high, the East Asian trough, and the East Asian westerly jet stream, play important roles in connecting autumn Arctic SIC anomalies and the northern mode of the EAWM variability. No obvious concurrent sea surface temperature anomalies accompany Arctic SIC variations on the interannual time scale, indicating that the Arctic SIC anomalies have independent impacts on the East Asian winter climate.
Can Polar Lows be Objectively Identified and Tracked in the ECMWF Operational Analysis and the ERA-Interim Reanalysis?
Authors: Zappa Giuseppe , Shaffrey Len , Hodges Kevin 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Polar lows are maritime mesocyclones associated with intense surface wind speeds and oceanic heat fluxes at high latitudes. The ability of the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim, hereafter ERAI) to represent polar lows in the North Atlantic is assessed by comparing ERAI and the ECMWF operational analysis for the period 2008–11. First, the representation of a set of satellite-observed polar lows over the Norwegian and Barents Seas in the operational analysis and ERAI is analyzed. Then, the possibility of directly identifying and tracking the polar lows in the operational analysis and ERAI is explored using a tracking algorithm based on 850-hPa vorticity with objective identification criteria on cyclone dynamical intensity and atmospheric static stability. All but one of the satellite-observed polar lows with a lifetime of at least 6 h have an 850-hPa vorticity signature of a collocated mesocyclone in both the operational analysis and ERAI for most of their life cycles. However, the operational analysis has vorticity structures that better resemble the observed cloud patterns and stronger surface wind speed intensities compared to those in ERAI. By applying the objective identification criteria, about 55% of the satellite-observed polar lows are identified and tracked in ERAI, while this fraction increases to about 70% in the operational analysis. Particularly in ERAI, the remaining observed polar lows are mainly not identified because they have too weak wind speed and vorticity intensity compared to the tested criteria. The implication of the tendency of ERAI to underestimate the polar low dynamical intensity for future studies of polar lows is discussed.
Caregiver Quality of Life and Daily Functioning in Relation to Ventilating Tube Treatment
Authors: Heidemann Christian Hamilton , Lauridsen Henrik Hein , Kjeldsen Anette Drøhse , Faber Christian Emil , Johansen Eva Charlotte Jung , Godballe Christian 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveCaregiver quality of life and daily functioning may improve after ventilating tube treatment in children with otitis media. The aims of this study are to assess possible changes in caregiver quality of life and daily functioning in relation to ventilating tube treatment and to investigate possible predictors for clinical success.Study DesignLongitudinal observational study.SettingSecondary care units.MethodsFour hundred ninety‐one families were enrolled in the study. The Caregiver Impact Questionnaire was applied in the assessment of caregiver quality of life. Caregivers completed questionnaires at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months’ follow‐up. Variables on caregiver daily functioning comprised 4 weeks’ history of number of interrupted nights, absenteeism, cancelled social activities, and doctor visits as a result of otitis media in the child.ResultsResponse rates ranged from 96% to 79%. Significant improvements in disease‐specific quality of life were seen after treatment. The poorest baseline quality of life was found in caregivers of children with recurrent acute otitis media. Significant improvements were found on all variables on daily functioning. Predictors for caregiver‐perceived clinical success included child sex, number of interrupted nights, doctor visits, absenteeism, and cancelled social activities.ConclusionResults of this study support the notion that caregivers of children with otitis media with defined surgical indications improve their quality of life and daily functioning after ventilating tube treatment. Factors related to caregiver functioning and disease severity were found to be associated with caregivers experiencing important improvements after treatment.
Ultrasound‐Guided Needle Localization during Open Parotid Sialolithotomy
Authors: Joshi Arjun S. , Sood Amit J. 
Published: April 2014

ObjectivesOur objective is to describe a novel operative technique for localization of parotid sialolithiasis, demonstrate the feasibility of the technique, and discuss its indications.Study DesignProspective study.SettingTertiary‐level academic center.Subjects and MethodsPatients with symptomatic parotid sialolithiasis who had failed prior sialendoscopic extraction underwent ultrasound needle localization and open sialolithotomy. Data were prospectively collected. Independent variables included size of and location of sialoliths.ResultsEleven patients were treated using transcutaneous ultrasound‐guided needle placement and injection of methylene blue prior to external sialolithotomy. Follow‐up ranged from 6 to 12 months. Ten (91.9%) patients had stones within the proximal one‐third of the ductal lumen, and 1 (9.1%) had stones present within both the proximal one‐third and middle one‐third of the ductal lumen. The average surgical time was 53 ± 10.8 minutes. The average sialolith length was 7.6 ± 2 mm. The average sialolith width was 6 ± 1.9 mm. All 11 (100%) cases were successful for stone retrieval. Ten (91%) patients had complete symptom resolution, and 1 (9.1%) patient had partial resolution of symptoms. No patients had major complications. Three (27.3%) patients had minor complications.ConclusionAfter failing a purely endoscopic approach, sialoliths of the parotid gland pose a problem for precise localization and treatment. Ultrasound has been demonstrated to be reliable for identifying sialoliths. We propose a novel technique and assert that ultrasound‐guided needle localization is a reliable aid to effective external parotid sialolithotomy, especially for larger stones >4 mm that are not amenable to sialendoscopic retrieval.