bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Energy Drinks on the Surface Texture of Nanofilled Composite Resin
Authors: Al-Samadani Khalid H 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective
To study the effect of three energy drinks on the surface roughness of nanofilled composite resins after different periods of aging time.

Materials and methods
Composite resin disks, 6 mm diameter, 3 mm thickness were prepared from Filtec Z350 XT, Tetric EvoCeram and Filtec Z250 XT. Specimens fr/8om each material were tested after aging with Red Bull, Bison and Power Horse energy drinks and distilled water as a control. Specimens were stored at 37°C in dark containers for 1, 3 and 6 months. Surface roughness Ra was assessed using a surface scanning interferometry before and after each storage period. Surface roughness differences ΔRa and Ra among specimens were measured. Mean values were statistically analyzed using multiple repeated measured (ANOVA), variance and multiple comparisons of the mean values were done with Bonferroni test, with p < 0.05 as significance level.

Results
The surface roughness degradation change ?Ra and Ra value before and after occurred by Red Bull, Bison and Power Horse energy drinks was significantly different for all tested materials at all three times p < 0.05. All specimens showed increase in surface roughness changes after aging periods of 1, 3 and 6 months. The highest total surface roughness difference ΔRa and Ra was found in the Red Bull group after 6 months.

Conclusion
Energy drinks used in this study had surface degradation effect on the tested composite resin materials. The surface roughness increased with aging time however, it was clinically acceptable in all test groups after 6 months. The effect of energy drinks solutions on the surface roughness parameter of resin composites depends on type of solution and its acidity contents.

How to cite this article
Al-Samadani KH. Effect of Energy Drinks on the Surface Texture of Nanofilled Composite Resin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):830-835.
A Cephalometric Study to Determine the Center of Anteroposterior Curve of Occlusion in the Cranium
Authors: Vinod V , Balamurugan R , Nilawar Sanjay , Kumar Thota Kiran , Thomas Vivek , Marwaha Baldeep Singh 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Proper management of the occlusal plane is an essential consideration when multiple long span posterior restorations are designed. When restorations are added to an existing tooth arrangement characterized by rotated, tipped or extruded teeth, excursive interferences may be incorporated. The curve of Spee which exists in natural dentition, allows harmony to exist between the anterior teeth and the condylar guidance. Broadrick flag or occlusal plane analyzer is used to assist in the reproduction of tooth morphology that is commensurate with the curve of Spee when posterior restorations are designed; its use prevents the introduction of protrusive interferences. The current study determines the relationship of the center of anteroposterior curve of occlusion in the cranium and its relationship to other cephalometric landmarks and also evaluates the relationship of anteroposterior curve of occlusion to the condyle.

How to cite this article
Kumar TK, Thomas V, Nilawar S, Balamurugan R, Marwaha BS, Vinod V. A Cephalometric Study to Determine the Center of Anteroposterior Curve of Occlusion in the Cranium. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):836-841.
Flowable Composite an Alternative Orthodontic Bonding Adhesive: An in vitro Study
Authors: Chidambaram S , Reddy KV Baburam , Kumar K Supradeep , Rao C Hanumantha , Girish HC , Murgod Sanjay 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective
To determine the clinical applicability of Ormocer based flowable adhesive (Admira flow) in comparison with BisGMA based adhesive (Transbond XT) and Ormocer based packable adhesive (Admira).

Materials and methods
Sixty human premolars, divided into group I (n = 20) Transbond XT, group II (n = 20) Admira and group III (n = 20) Admira flow were bonded with metal brackets using adhesives. Brackets were debonded in shear on an Instron universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm per minute. The mode of bond failure was determined by modified ARI index.

Results
The results obtained from SBS evaluation and modified ARI showed highest shear bond strength for Transbond XT (SD 11.64) 3.68 followed by Admira flow (SD 11.0) 2.87 and least for Admira (SD 9.42) 2.21. However, the difference was not statistically significant, but an intergroup comparison done using Independent student ‘t’ test, showed statically significant difference between Transbond XT and Admira. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed least survival median value for Admira, but the survival median value is not statistically significant among the three groups. All groups had modified ARI score of three (60-70%), suggestive of cohesive type of failure.

Conclusion
The in vitro study showed that flowable Ormocer can be an good alternative to commonly used BisGMA based adhesive but the its efficacy needs clinical assessment through a survival analysis.

Clinical significance
Admire flow can definitely be considered as an alternative bonding system due to their comparable bond strength and debonding characters and reported properties of biocompatibility.

How to cite this article
Kumar KS, Rao CH, Reddy KVB, Chidambaram S, Girish HC, Murgod S. Flowable Composite an Alternative Orthodontic Bonding Adhesive: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):883-886.
Shear Bond Strength of Acrylic Teeth to Acrylic Denture Base after Different Surface Conditioning Methods
Authors: Mehta Nidhi , Madhav Gajula Venu , Raj Soundar , Yadav Naveen , Mudgal Ishitha , Tatwadiya Riddhi 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives
Acrylic resin ruled the dental profession for 60 years, and this success is attributed to its aesthetics, handling properties, physical and biological compatibility, its stability in oral environment and its cost effectiveness. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the bond strength of acrylic resin teeth treated with various conditioning materials like monomer and silane coupling agent.

Methdology
A study was carried out in which 96 samples were grouped into 3 groups with a sample size of 32 each (16 premolars, 16 molars). They were conditioned with different conditioning materials i,e monomer and silane coupling agent. Monomer, Silane coupling agent are coated on the ridge lap area before thermocycling and cured according to the manufacturer recommendations. The samples are retained from the flask; trimmed and polished. The samples are then subjected to shear bond strength using the Insteron Universal Testing Machine.

Results
In the present study it was found that application of monomer increased the bond strength between acrylic teeth and denture base, when compared to the conventionally processed samples. However it was found that application of silane coupling agent further increased the shear bond strength between acrylic teeth and denture base.

Interprations and conclusions
Within the confines of this study it is found that there was a significant improvement in the bond strength between the acrylic teeth and denture base when silane coupling agent and monomer were used as surface conditioning material. The order of shear strength of samples is control > monomer > silane coupling agent.

How to cite this article
Madhav GV, Raj S, Yadav N, Mudgal I, Mehta N, Tatwadiya R. Shear Bond Strength of Acrylic Teeth to Acrylic Denture Base after Different Surface Conditioning Methods. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):892-897.
A Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Different Pits and Fissure Sealants: An in vitro Study
Authors: Barabde Aparna S , Singh Nitin , Agrawal Govind , Subhash AV , Suneela S , Kumar G Ajay 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study was to determine and compare the shear bond strength of three different pits and fissure sealants to enamel namely, Delton, Clinpro and Z350 Filtek flowable composite.

Materials and methods
Ninety permanent molars were divided into three groups of 30 each. Their proximal surfaces were prepared and stored in 37°C ± 5°C normal saline for 24 hours. Sealant buttons were prepared. The specimens were tested in a shear mode (Lloyds LR100K) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The mean and standard deviations were subjected to an analysis of variance.

Results
The mean shear bond strength of samples of Delton was 10.33 MPa; Clinpro was 8.51 MPa and Z350 Filtek flowable was 12.17 MPa. The mean strength of Delton was significantly higher as compared to Clinpro whereas the mean strength of Z350 Filtek was significantly higher as compared to Delton and Clinpro (Student t-test, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Z350 Filtek flowable composite had maximum shear bond strength than Delton FS sealant followed by Clinpro sealant.

Clinical significance
In this study, we compare the bond strength of three pits and fissure sealant, Clinpro yielded lower bond strength than Delton. This outcome can be described due to the presence of fillers in Delton, since these particles increase the resistance of the material to abrasion and also increase the mechanical resistance of the material.

How to cite this article
Singh N, Agrawal G, Subhash AV, Suneela S, Barabde AS, Kumar GA. A Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Different Pits and Fissure Sealants: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):917-923.
Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kulshrestha Reena , Kranthi J , Rao P Krishna , Jenner Feroz , Jaleel V Abdul , Maheswar G 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Aim
The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available herbal toothpastes against the different periodontopathogens.

Materials and methods
Six herbal toothpastes that were commonly commercially available were included in the study. Colgate herbal, Babool, Meswak, Neem active, Dabur red toothpastes were tested for the study whereas sterile normal saline was used as control. Antimicrobial efficacies of dentifrices were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The antimicrobial properties of dentifrices were tested by measuring the maximum zone of inhibition at 24 hours on the Mueller Hinton Agar media inoculated with microbial strain using disk diffusion method. Each dentifrice was tested at 100% concentration (full strength).

Results
The study showed that all dentifrices selected for the study were effective against the entire test organism but to varying degree. Neem active tooth paste gave a reading of 25.4 mm as the zone of inhibition which was highest amongst all of the test dentifrices. Colgate Herbal and Meswak dentifrices recorded a larger maximum zone of inhibition, measuring 23 and 22.6 mm respectively, compared to other toothpastes. All other dentifrices showed the zone of inhibition to be between 17 and 19 mm respectively.

Conclusion
The antibacterial properties of six dentifrices were studied in vitro and concluded that almost all of the dentifrices available commercially had antibacterial properties to some extent to benefit dental health or antiplaque action.

How to cite this article
Jenner F, Jaleel VA, Kulshrestha R, Maheswar G, Rao PK, Kranthi J. Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):924-929.
A Novel Treatment of Gingival Recession using a Botanical Topical Gingival Patch and Mouthrinse
Authors: Levine William Z , Samuels Noah , Sheshet Meytal Elia Bar , Grbic John T 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Background and aim
Current treatment of gingival recession (GR) is limited to surgical procedures. We describe a case series of 18 patients with GR who were treated with a botanical patch and rinse following standard conservative therapy.

Case series description
A total of 22 sites with GR > 1 mm were studied. Following scaling and root planing (SRP) and oral hygiene instruction, patients received two courses of patch treatment (3 days each) and botanical rinse administered twice daily throughout the treatment period. Outcome measures (GR, gingival index (GI) and gingival thickness (GT) were taken at baseline; at 1 to 2 weeks; 2 to 4 weeks; and at 6 to 8 weeks. Miller classification and plaque index (PI) were measured at baseline and at 6 to 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, mean GR decreased from 4.18 ± 1.74 mm to 3.31 ± 1.51 mm (20.8%); Miller grade from 1.86 ± 0.56 to 1.06 ± 0.43; GI scores from 1.45 ± 0.63 to 0.17 ± 0.38 (88.3%); and PI scores from 1.33 ± 0.59 to 0.78 ± 0.94. GT increased from 0.74 mm ± 0.40 to 1.21 ± 0.39 (63.5%). No adverse effects were reported with either the patch or rinse treatments

Conclusion
We observed a decrease in GR and GI scores in 18 patients (22 sites) treated with the study patch and rinse, with increased GT.

How to cite this article
Levine WZ, Samuels N, Sheshet MEB, Grbic JT. A Novel Treatment of Gingival Recession using a Botanical Topical Gingival Patch and Mouthrinse. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):948-953.
Removal of a Fractured Locator Abutment Screw Fragment
Authors: Turkyilmaz Ilser , Vierra Matthew Joseph , Asar Neset Volkan 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT

Background
Although, dental implants have been a predictable option to support several types of restorations, mechanical problems are not uncommon. Retaining and abutment screw loosenings/fractures are one of the most common technical problems.

Aim
To present a step-by-step technique in order to remove a broken locater abutment screw fragment.

Materials and methods
A 56-year-old, edentulous man with a fractured locator abutment screw in an implant was referred to our clinic from a private practice. His dentist placed a narrow platform locator abutment onto a regular platform implant and the fracture occurred. Attempts to remove the fractured fragment using a periodontal probe and a manual screw removal driver were unsuccessful.

Results
This clinical report presents a situation in which a fractured locater abutment screw fragment was successfully removed using an implant repair kit.

Conclusion
A fractured locater abutment screw fragment was successfully removed using an implant repair kit including drills, drill guides and tapping instruments. To avoid similar complications, it is recommended to use appropriate manufacturer specified torque values in conjunction with compatible restorative components.

Clinical significance
Retaining and abutment screw loosenings/fractures are one of the most common mechanical problems associated with the implant components. This clinical report showed how to remove a broken screw fragment using proper armamentarium and technique, which might help clinicians eliminate similar problems.

How to cite this article
Turkyilmaz I, Vierra MJ, Asar NV. Removal of a Fractured Locater Abutment Screw Fragment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):968-972.
Utilization of Different Management Concepts in Fractured Tooth Fragment Reattachment: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Venkataraghavan Karthik , Patel Nishtha , Patel Kiran , Madan Sonal 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Traumatic injuries of teeth involve varying degrees of damage to the supporting soft tissues or the teeth itself. A very common injury to the permanent dentition affecting children and adolescents during their growing years is the anterior crown fracture.
Recent developments in restorative material, placement techniques, preparation designs, and an adhesive protocol allow clinicians to predictably restore fractured teeth. With the advent of adhesive dentistry the process of fragment reattachment has become simplified and more reliable. This procedure provides an improved function, is relatively faster to perform and at the same time provides long lasting esthetics.
This paper discusses various innovative techniques of fracture reattachment depending on the complexity of the case.

How to cite this article
Patel N, Patel K, Venkataraghavan K, Madan S. Utilization of Different Management Concepts in Fractured Tooth Fragment Reattachment: A Report of Three Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):973-979.
Epilepsy and Inflammation in the Brain: Overview and Pathophysiology
Authors: Vezzani Annamaria 
Published: February 2014

The possibility that inflammatory processes in the brain contribute to the etiopathogenesis of seizures and the establishment of a chronic epileptic focus is increasingly recognized as a result of supportive evidence in experimental models and in the clinical setting. Prototypical inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1beta) and “danger signals” (such as HMGB1 and S100beta) are overexpressed in human and experimental epileptogenic tissue, prominently by glia. Neurons and endothelial cells of the blood–brain barrier contribute to inflammatory processes. All these cell types also express receptors for inflammatory mediators, suggesting that inflammatory molecules in the brain exert both autocrine and paracrine activation of intracellular signaling cascades; thus, they may act as soluble mediators of cell communication in diseased tissue. In experimental models, seizures also trigger brain inflammation in the absence of cell loss; in human epileptogenic tissue, the type of neuropathology associated with chronic seizures contributes to determine the type of cells expressing the inflammatory mediators, and the extent to which inflammation occurs. Inflammatory molecules, such as IL-1beta and HMGB1, have proconvulsant activity in various seizure models, most likely by decreasing seizure threshold via functional interactions with classical neurotransmitter systems. These findings reveal novel glioneuronal communications in epileptic tissue that highlight potential new targets for therapeutic intervention.
Status Epilepticus in the Setting of Acute Encephalitis
Authors: Lowenstein Daniel H. , Walker Matthew , Waterhouse Elizabeth 
Published: February 2014

Ms. Q, a 29-year-old woman, began to behave strangely, claiming to see and hear imaginary people. The following day, she was confused and somnolent in the morning. In the late morning, she had a generalized tonic–clonic seizure and was transported to the hospital. Her past medical and developmental histories were unremarkable. She took a daily oral contraceptive and had no drug allergies. She worked as a teacher and had been married for one year. On initial examination, blood pressure was 129/82, pulse 88, respiratory rate 16, temperature 37.5 °C. She was stuporous, moving her arms appropriately in response to a painful stimulus. Pupils were 2 mm and reactive. There was no gaze preference, and the rest of the examination was nonfocal. About 30 minutes after her first seizure, she had a second GTCS and was given 4 mg lorazepam intravenously. She had a third GTCS 6 min after her second seizure and received a second dose of lorazepam. Initial blood tests—including complete blood count, comprehensive metabolic panel, urinalysis, and toxic screen—were normal. Head CT was normal. She remained stuporous. EEG demonstrated waxing and waning electrographic ictal activity, and she was loaded with fosphenytoin. Intermittent electrographic seizure activity persisted, and a continuous infusion of intravenous propofol was administered. After 24 hr, propofol was weaned, but electrographic seizures recurred and it was restarted.
À la recherche de sa propre voie : Charles de Menou, sa famille et sa carrière en Acadie
Authors: Kennedy Gregory M. W. , McNeil Françoise 
Published: February 2014

Cet article propose une nouvelle interprétation d’un personnage à la fois important et controversé de l’histoire de l’Acadie, Charles de Menou. Grâce à une analyse des documents historiques en lien avec ses parents et sa famille, l’article démontre que si Charles était certainement typique de l’ancienne noblesse de l’épée quant à ses opinions et à sa conduite, il a plutôt déjoué les attentes de sa famille et a rompu les liens avec son père par sa carrière en Acadie. Si Charles a contribué à la fondation d’une colonie permanente, il a également laissé la ruine financière et une réputation ternie en héritage à sa veuve et à ses enfants. S’il avait eu l’espoir d’avoir établi un nouveau domaine familial en Acadie, aucun de ses enfants n’est demeuré dans la colonie ; qui plus est, ils sont tous morts sans aucune descendance.
L’ennemi et l’hôte : représenter l’Acadien dans l’historiographie de la Déportation en Nouvelle-Angleterre de 1755 à nos jours1
Authors: Vasquez-Parra Adeline 
Published: February 2014

Ce bilan historiographique met en perspective les différentes constructions de l’identité acadienne au travers de l’écriture de la déportation en Nouvelle-Angleterre. Tantôt « prisonnier de guerre », « réfugié » ou « ennemi français », la figure de l’Acadien apparaît souvent dans l’historiographie comme une figure de l’altérité. Largement dépendante du contexte historique dans lequel elle prend place, la représentation de l’Acadien devient aussi un moyen, chez certains historiens, d’excuser les torts de leur nation ou, à l’inverse, d’accuser ceux d’autres nations dans leur déportation. La mise à jour de cette figure révèle pourtant des échanges intellectuels entre historiens de différentes nationalités et langue d’écriture. L’exploitation de leurs sources et l’oubli de certaines autres feront aussi l’objet de cet article.
Marine‐based multiproxy reconstruction of Atlantic multidecadal variability
Authors: Svendsen Lea , Hetzinger Steffen , Keenlyside Noel , Gao Yongqi 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAtlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) is known to impact climate globally, and knowledge about the persistence of AMV is important for understanding past and future climate variability, as well as modeling and assessing climate impacts. The short observational data do not significantly resolve multidecadal variability, but recent paleoproxy reconstructions show multidecadal variability in North Atlantic temperature prior to the instrumental record. However, most of these reconstructions are land‐based, not necessarily representing sea surface temperature. Proxy records are also subject to dating errors and microenvironmental effects. We extend the record of AMV 90 years past the instrumental record using principle component analysis of five marine‐based proxy records to identify the leading mode of variability. The first principal component is consistent with the observed AMV, and multidecadal variability seems to persist prior to the instrumental record. Thus, we demonstrate that reconstructions of past Atlantic low‐frequency variability can be improved by combining marine‐based proxies.
Observed linkages between the northern annular mode/North Atlantic Oscillation, cloud incidence, and cloud radiative forcing
Authors: Li Ying , Thompson David W. J. , Huang Yi , Zhang Minghong 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe signature of the northern annular mode/North Atlantic Oscillation (NAM/NAO) in the vertical and horizontal distribution of tropospheric cloudiness is investigated in CloudSat and CALIPSO data from June 2006 to April 2011. During the Northern Hemisphere winter, the positive polarity of the NAM/NAO is marked by increases in zonally averaged cloud incidence north of ~60°N, decreases between ~25 and 50°N, and increases in the subtropics. The tripolar‐like anomalies in cloud incidence associated with the NAM/NAO are largest over the North Atlantic Ocean basin/Middle East and are physically consistent with the NAM/NAO‐related anomalies in vertical motion. Importantly, the NAM/NAO‐related anomalies in tropospheric cloud incidence lead to significant top of atmosphere cloud radiative forcing anomalies that are comparable in amplitude to those associated with the NAM/NAO‐related temperature anomalies. The results provide observational evidence that the most prominent pattern of Northern Hemisphere climate variability is significantly linked to variations in cloud radiative forcing. Implications for two‐way feedback between extratropical dynamics and cloud radiative forcing are discussed.