bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral plasmablastic lymphoma in HIV‐infected individuals—A systematic review
Authors: Sundararajan Kavina , Bose Divya , Dineshkumar Thayalan , Annasamy Rameshkumar , Krishnan Rajkumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPlasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an uncommon and aggressive large B‐cell lymphoma that affects immunocompromised individuals. The orofacial region is the most commonly affected site. The primary aim of the article was to review systematically, the cases of oral PBL and consolidate their clinic‐pathological, and molecular characteristics, rehabilitation, and outcome in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals. An electronic literature search was done and 28 articles with a total of 32 cases, of which 27 patients were adults and 5 were pediatrics were included in the review based on the inclusion criteria. Oral PBL was found to be common in HIV‐affected males, frequently involving the gingiva. Histopathology revealed monomorphic neoplastic atypical cells with plasmablastic features and cohesive growth patterns. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong positivity for CD138, and CD 79a. The prognosis of oral PBL in patients with HIV was poor in both adult and pediatric age groups, however, pediatric age groups showed a worse prognosis. Hence, it is crucial to correctly diagnose oral PBL, surgically treat the patients along with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, and start ART in HIV‐positive individuals.
Preparation of a starch derivative bearing chloroaniline groups and the evaluation of its hemolytic, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities
Authors: Valdez‐Valdés María Fernanda , Enríquez‐Medrano Francisco Javier , Zugasti‐Cruz Alejandro , Sierra‐Rivera Crystel Aleyvick , Martínez‐Mora Eder Iván , Sosa‐Santillán Gerardo de Jesús , Oyervides‐Muñoz Ernesto 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA new starch derivative with antibacterial properties and non‐hemolytic effect was synthesized through the chemical grafting of 4‐chloroaniline onto the backbone of potato starch. In a first step, starch was extracted from potatoes grown in the region of Coahuila, Mexico, using the water steeping method. The hydroxyl groups (C5‐C6) of the native starch were oxidized using sodium periodate. The resulting dialdehyde was then chemically modified through a Schiff base reaction with 4‐chloroaniline. The chemical structure of this starch derivative was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopies, the thermal properties were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis without finding significant changes and the product showed antibacterial activity against Gram‐negative E. coli and Gram‐positive S. aureus strains. Finally, the hemolytic and cytotoxic effects of native starch and its derivative were studied, showing no hemolytic effect on isolated human red blood cells and no cytotoxic effect; therefore, it can be considered biocompatible. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Electrodiagnosis for mitigating false‐negative non‐responsiveness in electrical evoked contractions: A case series exploring probable polyneuromyopathy induced by nonuse
Authors: Flamarion‐dos‐Santos Bruno , Borges David Lobato , Martins Henrique Resende , Fachin‐Martins Emerson 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe revised international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (ISNCSCI) have facilitated the documentation of non‐spinal cord injury‐related impairments, such as chronic peripheral nerve injuries and muscle weakness due to immobility. This advancement addresses potential biases in muscle strength examinations. Utilizing electrically evoked contractions from paralyzed muscles, enhanced by electrodiagnosis, holds promise in identifying false‐negative diagnoses of non‐responsiveness to neuromuscular electrical stimulation. This concept prompts the exploration of polyneuromyopathy arising from nonuse in paralyzed muscles.Case Series PresentationTo substantiate our hypothesis, we recruited nine participants for a case series aimed at elucidating the potential benefits of incorporating the stimulus electrodiagnostic test (SET) to mitigate non‐responsiveness during preparation for functional electrical stimulation (FES)‐assisted cycling. In our convenience sample (n = 5), we conducted neurological mapping based on ISNCSCI and applied SET on the quadriceps. The SET guided optimal dosimetry for evoking contractions and revealed responses similar to those observed in peripheral neuropathies, with α coefficients equal to or lower than 2.00. This observation is likely attributable to nonuse of paralyzed muscles, indicative of an ongoing polyneuropathy in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).DiscussionAmong the nine initially recruited subjects, seven exhibited responsiveness to neuromuscular electrical stimulation (78% responsiveness), with two participants excluded based on exclusion criteria. In the final five reported cases, all displayed α coefficient values indicating impaired neuromuscular accommodation, and one presented no α coefficient within the normal range. The inclusion of electrodiagnosis appears effective in averting non‐responsiveness, suggesting the presence of ongoing polyneuropathies in paralyzed muscles.
Porous egg microparticles for controllable drug delivery and oncotherapy
Authors: Yan Dan , Wang Wei , Xie ZhengZheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBaicalein (BAI) extracted from Chinese herb has been proved to increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to gemcitabine (GEM) and effectively solve the problem of drug resistance of tumor cells. Nevertheless, intravenous administration often leads to intolerance of patients and side effects. In this paper, we introduced egg‐based porous microparticles for controllable drug delivery and oncotherapy, which avoided frequent intravenous administration. The interconnected porous structure endowed the microparticles with the capacity of loading sufficient drugs and releasing in a controllable way by adjusting the concentration and proportion of egg white and yolk. We have demonstrated that the cell viability of drug delivery system group was less than 50%, while the single drug group was more than 70%, which indicated that the co‐delivery of GEM and BAI could significantly reduce the proliferation of cells. These features indicated that the egg porous microparticles are ideal for controllable drug delivery and oncotherapy.
Predictors of gentamicin therapy failure in neonates with sepsis
Authors: Singu Bonifasius Siyuka , Pieper Clarissa Hildegard , Verbeeck Roger Karel , Ette Ene I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSepsis is a common disease with high morbidity and mortality among newborns in intensive care units world‐wide. Gram‐negative bacillary bacteria are the major source of infection in neonates. Gentamicin is the most widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic in empiric therapy against early‐onset sepsis. However, therapy failure may result due to various factors. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of gentamicin therapy failure in neonates with sepsis. This was a prospective cross‐sectional study at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Windhoek Central Hospital over a period of 5 months in 2019. Neonates received intravenous gentamicin 5 mg/kg/24 h in combination with either benzylpenicillin 100 000 IU/kg/12 h or ampicillin 50 mg/kg/8 h. Logistic regression modeling was performed to determine the predictors of treatment outcomes. 36% of the 50 neonates were classified as having gentamicin treatment failure. Increasing treatment duration by 1 day resulted in odds of treatment failure increasing from 1.0 to 2.41. Similarly, one unit increase in CRP increases odds of gentamicin treatment failure by 49%. The 1 kg increase in birthweight reduces the log odds of treatment failure by 6.848, resulting in 99.9% decrease in the odds of treatment failure. One unit increase in WBC reduces odds of gentamicin treatment failure by 27%. Estimates of significant predictors of treatment failure were precise, yielding odds ratios that were within 95% confidence interval. This study identified the following as predictors of gentamicin therapy failure in neonates: prolonged duration of treatment, elevated C‐reactive protein, low birthweight, and low white blood cell count.
Application of sulfur‐based products reduces Halyomorpha halys infestation and damage in pome fruit orchards
Authors: Scaccini Davide , Fornasiero Diego , Lombardo Veronica , Galli Giulia , Mirandola Enrico , Pozzebon Alberto 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is an invasive pest that causes economic damage on crops, decreasing fruit yield and quality. Conventional insecticides are frequently used to reduce infestations, but these are often with a limited residual effect, besides being costly and detrimental to nontarget organisms and the environment. In integrated pest management, novel strategies against H. halys are proposed, such as the use of alternative substances with an effect on insect behaviour and mobility. As one of the oldest multi‐site fungicides applied against fungal pathogens and as an insecticide and acaricide to control scales and mites, sulfur is proposed here to reduce H. halys infestation in fruit orchards.RESULTSField experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of repeated wettable sulfur applications on H. halys in apple and pear orchards. Sulfur‐induced plant phytotoxicity effects and quanti‐qualitative parameters on apple fruits were also recorded. Halyomorpha halys infestation was significantly reduced in sulfur‐treated compared to untreated pears and apples. Furthermore, sulfur sprays reduced fruit damage caused by H. halys. Besides, sulfur‐mediated phytotoxicity such as symptoms on leaves and fruit drop were not observed. Fruit quality was not influenced by sulfur treatments.CONCLUSIONSWettable sulfur seems to be a promising formulation given the low phytotoxicity, considering the technical aspects for an effective use of sulfur‐based products to counteract H. halys in pome fruit orchards. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
‘It hurts my heart’: Afghan women in London negotiating family relationships and (im)mobility regimes across borders
Authors: Ryan Louise , Lopez Maria , Rasa Mursal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to contribute new insights into transnational care relationships by drawing on qualitative longitudinal data, to explore the complexities and nuances of Afghan women's dynamic family relations across multiple countries and continents. Rather than treating transnational families as a homogeneous unit, we present rich case studies to explore relationships with particular relatives, such as mothers, sisters and in‐laws, to understand the different dynamics within specific familial ties. Paying attention to the specificities of spatial contexts and infrastructures in framing opportunities and obstacles to transnational care, we apply the concept of immobility regimes. Beyond a simple bi‐national focus on countries of origin and residence, we explore how the women navigate these regimes, across multiple countries and different visa regimes to arrange in‐person visits with geographically dispersed kin. We consider the role of ICTs and the limitations of poor connectivity, especially in countries like Afghanistan, and the gender power dynamics that may limit women's access to technologies.
Neutrophil extracellular traps: Potential targets for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with traditional Chinese medicine and natural products
Authors: Liu Yuan , Qu Yuan , Liu Chuanguo , Zhang Di , Xu Bing , Wan Yakun , Jiang Ping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Abnormal formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) at the synovial membrane leads to the release of many inflammatory cytokines, including IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α. Elastase, histone H3, and myeloperoxidase, which are carried by NETs, damage the soft tissues of the joints and aggravate the progression of RA. The balance of NET formation coordinates the pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory effects and plays a key role in the development of RA. Therefore, when NETs are used as effector targets, highly targeted drugs with fewer side effects can be developed to treat RA without damaging the host immune system. Currently, an increasing number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicines and natural products can regulate the formation of NETs through multiple pathways to counteract RA, which shows great potential for the treatment of RA and has a promising future for clinical application. In this article, we review the latest biological progress in understanding NET formation, the mechanism of NETs in RA, and the potential targets or pathways related to the modulation of NET formation by Chinese medicines and natural products. This review provides a relevant basis for the use of Chinese medicines and natural products as natural adjuvants in the treatment of RA.
A dual scale spatio‐temporal control for complex distributed parameter systems
Authors: Zhao Yaru , Li Han‐Xiong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is very difficult to control the distributed parameter system (DPS) for consistent spatial performance. In this paper, a dual scale spatio‐temporal control is designed for the DPS to achieve a consistent performance across the entire workspace under unknown exogenous disturbances. First, the generalized “spatial observer” should be designed under spectral decomposition/synthesis, to act as the nominal model of the DPS, through which the spatial mismatch between the model and the process could be estimated. Then a distributed disturbance compensator can be constructed to suppress all the undesirable spatial disturbance through the inner loop, and the compensated system will become closer to the nominal model and easier to control. Third, a dual controller will be designed in the outer loop for the final consistent spatial performance. Since the spatial performance is mainly affected by the dominant dynamics on the slow scale, a convex optimization algorithm can be effectively established in terms of nonlinear matrix inequalities for the dual controller. In this way, the nonlinear optimization problem is solved by converting it into the problem of a linear matrix inequalities with constraints. Besides, the spatio‐temporal state variable of the controlled plant is demonstrated to converge in Hilbert space. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control method are verified by temperature control of a catalytic rod, a benchmark in chemical reactors.
Bipartite tracking for Euler–Lagrange systems via prescribed‐time hierarchical control based on the matrix‐weighted signed digraphs
Authors: Gu Ren‐Jie , Han Tao , Xiao Bo , Zhan Xi‐Sheng , Yan Huaicheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe goal of this article is to investigate the bipartite tracking control problem using a prescribed‐time convergence method for Euler–Lagrange systems (ELSs) with external disturbances. Agent interactions are represented by a matrix‐weighted signed directed graph. There are not only cooperative but also adversarial interactions. An essential component of the system, the prescribed‐time hierarchical control (PTHC) algorithm, including a more general time‐varying function, is newly developed to guarantee that all agents converge to the same leader state but with opposite signs within a prescribed time. The salient feature of the introduced method lies in the fact that the convergence time of the control objective can be prespecified by the user. The state transformation, the property of the matrix‐weighted Laplacian, and the generalized Lyapunov stability argument are employed to theoretically validate the proposed algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is confirmed through the execution of numerical examples.
Advances in Spin‐Modulated Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Taspya Tabassum , Snigdha Rowshan Yeasmin , Islam Md. Mominul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectrochemical splitting of water for hydrogen generation has emerged as a potential strategy for transitioning towards renewable energy sources and mitigating the environmental impact of fossil fuel dependence. However, the efficiency of water splitting is mainly hindered by oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode side, which involves kinetically sluggish four proton‐coupled electron‐transfer steps. Recent studies on OER demonstrate that a spin‐dependent mechanism governs the reaction kinetics, wherein the electronic exchange interactions in the catalytic activity of transition metals can provide a spin‐selective channel to filter out electron spins with the right orientation during the formation of O2. Maximizing efficiency and stability of such catalysts require optimization the geometric and electrical structures of transition metal systems. In addition, it is vital to understand the OER mechanism with spin considerations to be familiar with the connection between spin, charge, orbital, and lattice characteristics. This review focuses on current developments in understanding and the use of the spin‐related effect in the OER mechanism.
Structural Evolution of Manganese Prussian Blue Analogue in Aqueous ZnSO4 Electrolyte
Authors: Li Min , Maisuradze Mariam , Mullaliu Angelo , Carlomagno Ilaria , Aquilanti Giuliana , Plaisier Jasper Rikkert , Giorgetti Marco 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAmong different Prussian Blue Analogues (PBAs), manganese hexacyanoferrate (MnHCF), with open framework and two abundant electroactive metal sites, exhibits high potential for the grid‐scale aqueous rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries (ARZIBs) application. Until now, the intercalation mechanism of Zn2+ into MnHCF has not been clearly illustrated. In this work, combining different synchrotron X‐ray techniques, the structural and microscopic evolution of MnHCF in 3 m ZnSO4 electrolyte is comprehensively studied, and a thorough understanding of the intercalation/release dynamic, in terms of local and long‐range domain, is provided. The elemental distribution and structural information of Fe, Mn, Zn inside MnHCF electrodes is obtained from the X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental maps and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The in‐depth analysis of extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) signals confirm that the rearrangement of Mn site, evidencing the cleavage of the Mn─N bond with the formation of a Mn─O bond, in an octahedral environment. The phase transformation of MnHCF takes place exclusively during the 1st cycle, and a mixture of rhombohedral and cubic zinc hexacynoferrate (ZnHCF) phases are formed during the first charge process. Thereafter, the newly formed cubic ZnHCF phase becomes the only stable one, existing in the subsequent cycles and exhibiting excellent electrochemical stability.
On quasi-linear reaction diffusion systems arising from compartmental SEIR models
Authors: Yang Juan , Morgan Jeff , Tang Bao Quoc 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe global existence and boundedness of solutions to quasi-linear reaction-diffusion systems are investigated. The system arises from compartmental models describing the spread of infectious diseases proposed in Viguerie et al. (Appl Math Lett 111:106617, 2021); Viguerie et al. (Comput Mech 66(5):1131–1152, 2020), where the diffusion rate is assumed to depend on the total population, leading to quasilinear diffusion with possible degeneracy. The mathematical analysis of this model has been addressed recently in Auricchio et al. (Math Methods Appl Sci 46:12529–12548, 2023) where it was essentially assumed that all sub-populations diffuse at the same rate, which yields a positive lower bound of the total population, thus removing the degeneracy. In this work, we remove this assumption completely and show the global existence and boundedness of solutions by exploiting a recently developed $$L^p$$

L
p

-energy method. Our approach is applicable to a larger class of systems and is sufficiently robust to allow model variants and different boundary conditions.
Deep learning for autosegmentation for radiotherapy treatment planning: State-of-the-art and novel perspectives
Authors: Erdur Ayhan Can , Rusche Daniel , Scholz Daniel , Kiechle Johannes , Fischer Stefan , Llorián-Salvador Óscar , Buchner Josef A. , Nguyen Mai Q. , Etzel Lucas , Weidner Jonas , Metz Marie-Christin , Wiestler Benedikt , Schnabel Julia , Rueckert Daniel , Combs Stephanie E. , Peeken Jan C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has gained importance, with many tools already entering our daily lives. The medical field of radiation oncology is also subject to this development, with AI entering all steps of the patient journey. In this review article, we summarize contemporary AI techniques and explore the clinical applications of AI-based automated segmentation models in radiotherapy planning, focusing on delineation of organs at risk (OARs), the gross tumor volume (GTV), and the clinical target volume (CTV). Emphasizing the need for precise and individualized plans, we review various commercial and freeware segmentation tools and also state-of-the-art approaches. Through our own findings and based on the literature, we demonstrate improved efficiency and consistency as well as time savings in different clinical scenarios. Despite challenges in clinical implementation such as domain shifts, the potential benefits for personalized treatment planning are substantial. The integration of mathematical tumor growth models and AI-based tumor detection further enhances the possibilities for refining target volumes. As advancements continue, the prospect of one-stop-shop segmentation and radiotherapy planning represents an exciting frontier in radiotherapy, potentially enabling fast treatment with enhanced precision and individualization.
Vanishing of Long Time average p-enstrophy Dissipation Rate in the Inviscid Limit of the 2D Damped Navier–Stokes Equations
Authors: Wagner Raphael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn Constantin and Ramos (Commun Math Phys 275(2), 529–551, 2007), Constantin and Ramos proved a result on the vanishing long time average enstrophy dissipation rate in the inviscid limit of the 2D damped Navier–Stokes equations. In this work, we prove a generalization of this for the p-enstrophy, $$1< p < \infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

, sequences of distributions of initial data and sequences of strongly converging right-hand sides. We simplify their approach by working with invariant measures on the global attractors which can be characterized via bounded complete solution trajectories. Then, working on the level of trajectories allows us to directly employ some recent results on strong convergence of the vorticity in the inviscid limit.