bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining differences in internationalization between emerging and developed economy born global firms: A systematic literature review and the way forward
Authors: Manohar Amrita , Lioliou Eleni , Prevezer Martha , Saridakis George 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBorn global firms (BGs) in emerging markets differ in significant ways from those in developed countries and this study aims to comprehensively examine those differences. To do this, we conduct a systematic literature review that analyses 148 empirical research articles published during 2010–2023, highlighting how BGs from developed and emerging economies differ in terms of their firm and entrepreneurial characteristics, as well as their operating environments. We find that these differences shape the BG's disposition to distance, liabilities and risks, with BGs from emerging economies facing additional liabilities and demonstrating a greater tolerance for risk and distance compared with BGs from developed economies. This leads to particular outcomes with regard to the BG's strategic choice of host country and internationalization mode, as well as its performance. The paper concludes by suggesting pathways for future research.
Calcium‐mediated DAD in membrane potentials and triggered activity in atrial myocytes of ETV1f/fMyHCCre/+ mice
Authors: Fang Li‐Hua , Chen Qian , Cheng Xian‐Lu , Li Xiao‐Qian , Zou Tian , Chen Jian‐Quan , Xiang Guo‐Jian , Xue Qiao , Li Yang , Zhang Jian‐Cheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe E‐twenty‐six variant 1 (ETV1)‐dependent transcriptome plays an important role in atrial electrical and structural remodelling and the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), but the underlying mechanism of ETV1 in AF is unclear. In this study, cardiomyocyte‐specific ETV1 knockout (ETV1f/fMyHCCre/+, ETV1‐CKO) mice were constructed to observe the susceptibility to AF and the underlying mechanism in AF associated with ETV1‐CKO mice. AF susceptibility was examined by intraesophageal burst pacing, induction of AF was increased obviously in ETV1‐CKO mice than WT mice. Electrophysiology experiments indicated shortened APD50 and APD90, increased incidence of DADs, decreased density of ICa,L in ETV1‐CKO mice. There was no difference in VINACT,1/2 and VACT,1/2, but a significantly longer duration of the recovery time after inactivation in the ETV1‐CKO mice. The recording of intracellular Ca2+ showed that there was significantly increased in the frequency of calcium spark, Ca2+ transient amplitude, and proportion of SCaEs in ETV1‐CKO mice. Reduction of Cav1.2 rather than NCX1 and SERCA2a, increase RyR2, p‐RyR2 and CaMKII was reflected in ETV1‐CKO group. This study demonstrates that the increase in calcium spark and SCaEs corresponding to Ca2+ transient amplitude may trigger DAD in membrane potential in ETV1‐CKO mice, thereby increasing the risk of AF.
Construction and validation of a SASP‐related prognostic signature in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Li Ming‐Feng , Zhang Dong‐Hui , Wang Li‐Si , Yue Cai‐Feng , Pang Li‐Juan , Guo Yun‐Miao , Yang Zhi‐Gang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a common and highly aggressive haematological malignancy in adults. Senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) plays important roles in tumorigenesis and progression of tumour. However, the prognostic value of SASP in patients with AML has not been clarified. The present study aims to explore the prognostic value of SASP and develop a prognostic risk signature for AML. The RNA‐sequencing data was collected from the TCGA, GTEx and TARGET databases. Subsequently, differentially expressed gene analysis, univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression were applied to identified prognostic SASP‐related genes and construct a prognostic risk‐scoring model. The risk score of each patient were calculated and patients were divided into high‐ or low‐risk groups by the median risk score. This novel prognostic signature included 11 genes: G6PD, CDK4, RPS6KA1, UBC, H2BC12, KIR2DL4, HSF1, IFIT3, PIM1, RUNX3 and TRIM21. The patients with AML in the high‐risk group had shorter OS, demonstrating that the risk score acted as a prognostic predictor, which was validated in the TAGET‐AML dataset. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed the risk score was an independent prognostic factor in patients with AML. Furthermore, the present study revealed that the risk score was associated with immune landscape, immune checkpoint gene expression and chemotherapeutic efficacy. In the present study, we constructed and validated a unique SASP‐related prognostic model to assess therapeutic effect and prognosis in patients with AML, which might contribute to understanding the role of SASP in AML and guiding the treatment for AML.
Designing iron‐ethyl cellulose microparticles to prevent unwanted color changes during iron fortification of milk tea
Authors: Siddiqui Juveria , Dialani Grisha J. , Diosady Levente L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIron deficiency affects an estimated 1.62 billion individuals worldwide, while Asia and Africa bearing the highest burden. The widespread consumption, unique sensory properties and cultural significance of tea make it an appealing avenue for iron fortification. Obtaining microparticles for food fortification with acceptable organoleptic properties is key for consumer acceptability. Microcapsules were prepared with Aquacoat and various iron salts. The experiments were designed to understand the effect of formulation variables, i.e. type of iron salt, ratio of iron‐to‐coating, temperature and flow rate of the process. The iron compound significantly impacted yield, particle formation, and size distribution (5‐15 μm). Post treatment by curing at specified relative humidity and temperature improved the colour in milk tea with ΔE reduced from 7 to 2 in NBS units. Microparticles from FeCl3 exhibited superior morphology and colour‐masking efficacy, inhibiting iron‐polyphenol interaction in tea and show promise as iron fortificants for milky black tea.Practical applicationsMicroencapsulation is a highly effective technique for encapsulating active iron cores within inert coating materials, ensuring the desired chemical and physical properties. Using spray drying, we can produce small and uniformly sized particles ranging from 1 to 20 μm. This can easily be utilized for fortification of beverage like hot tea/coffee or similar products. The success of the current process is evaluated based on several key factors, including process yield, encapsulation efficiency, and sensory properties of fortified tea.
Nice to know 2: The impact of NICE guidelines on ketogenic diet services in the UK and Ireland – An update
Authors: Whiteley Victoria J. , Schoeler Natasha E. ,   Ketogenic Dietitians Research Network
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundKetogenic diet therapy (KDT) has been recommended as a treatment for drug‐resistant epilepsy in children and young people since 2012 in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Guidelines for Epilepsies. The Ketogenic Dietitians Research Network completed a survey in 2017 to assess the impact of these guidelines.MethodsAn online survey was circulated to ketogenic dietitians across the UK and Ireland. The results were compared with those of the 2017 survey.ResultsThe number of individuals following KDT was 854, comprising an increase of 13% since 2017. Service sizes ranged widely, with 1–74 (median 16) patients on the diet. Of 36 services, 30 had a waiting list, ranging from 2 to 67 (median 9) patients. The classical diet continued to be the most common KDT used (58% of patients). Ten services reported use of a new flexible medium chain triglyceride protocol. Some 48% of patients (n = 427) had been following the KDT for over 2 years, comprising an 18% increase since 2017. Of these, 68 (15.9%) had attempted to wean off KDT but had to re‐start as a result of a deterioration in seizures.ConclusionsThe number of individuals following medical KDT remains stable. Referral numbers and waiting lists remain high, highlighting that KDT is still a well‐recognised treatment option for drug‐resistant epilepsy. The types of KDT used are similar to previous years, although increasingly flexible protocols are being adopted. Longer‐term use of KDT is increasing, with a proportion of patients requiring long‐term use to maintain seizure control.
Strigolactones positively regulate HY5‐dependent autophagy and the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins in response to cold stress in tomato
Authors: Chi Cheng , Chen Xinlin , Zhu Changan , Cao Jiajian , Li Hui , Fu Ying , Qin Guochen , Zhao Jun , Yu Jingquan , Zhou Jie 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Autophagy, involved in protein degradation and amino acid recycling, plays a key role in plant development and stress responses. However, the relationship between autophagy and phytohormones remains unclear.
We used diverse methods, including CRISPR/Cas9, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, chromatin immunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and dual‐luciferase assays to explore the molecular mechanism of strigolactones in regulating autophagy and the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins under cold stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).
We show that cold stress induced the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. Mutants deficient in strigolactone biosynthesis were more sensitive to cold stress with increased accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. Conversely, treatment with the synthetic strigolactone analog GR245DS enhanced cold tolerance in tomato, with elevated levels of accumulation of autophagosomes and transcripts of autophagy‐related genes (ATGs), and reduced accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. Meanwhile, cold stress induced the accumulation of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), which was triggered by strigolactones. HY5 further trans‐activated ATG18a transcription, resulting in autophagy formation. Mutation of ATG18a compromised strigolactone‐induced cold tolerance, leading to decreased formation of autophagosomes and increased accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins.
These findings reveal that strigolactones positively regulate autophagy in an HY5‐dependent manner and facilitate the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins under cold conditions in tomato.
NPCC4: Advancing climate justice in climate adaptation strategies for New York City
Authors: Foster Sheila R. , Baptista Ana , Nguyen Khai Hoan , Tchen Jack , Tedesco Marco , Leichenko Robin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Advancing Climate Justice in Climate Adaptation Strategies for New York City (Equity) chapter of NPCC4 builds on the findings and recommendations from NPCC3 to identify additional metrics and adaptation efforts that can advance climate justice. First, the chapter assesses the efforts of the City to incorporate equity into climate adaptation efforts since NPCC3 and describes how the communities profiled in NPCC3 have implemented and evolved their approaches to addressing the intersecting climate, environmental, and social stressors that they continue to face. Second, it adds to the historical context of climate inequity by linking the bioregion's history of colonization, land dispossession, and slavery building on emerging evidence demonstrating how historical and contemporary land use patterns and decisions shape present and future climate risks and social vulnerability, including climate displacement. Third, it recommends a NYC‐focused metric to identify areas of the city that are most vulnerable to the intersection of climate hazards, social vulnerability, and displacement. Finally, it highlights approaches to more equitable and just climate adaptation drawn from local, national, and international examples. As such, the chapter offers best practices that prioritize community‐driven climate resilience approaches that are integrated, more equitable, and racially just.
NPCC4: Climate change and New York City's flood risk
Authors: Rosenzweig Bernice , Montalto Franco A. , Orton Philip , Kaatz Joel , Maher Nicole , Kleyman Jerry , Chen Ziyu , Sanderson Eric , Adhikari Nirajan , McPhearson Timon , Herreros‐Cantis Pablo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter of the New York City Panel on Climate Change 4 (NPCC4) report provides a comprehensive description of the different types of flood hazards (pluvial, fluvial, coastal, groundwater, and compound) facing New York City and provides climatological context that can be utilized, along with climate change projections, to support flood risk management (FRM). Previous NPCC reports documented coastal flood hazards and presented trends in historical and future precipitation and sea level but did not comprehensively assess all the city's flood hazards. Previous NPCC reports also discussed the implications of floods on infrastructure and the city's residents but did not review the impacts of flooding on the city's natural and nature‐based systems (NNBSs). This—the NPCC's first report focused on all drivers of flooding—describes and profiles historical examples of each type of flood and summarizes previous and ongoing research regarding exposure, vulnerability, and risk management, including with NNBS and nonstructural measures.
NPCC4: Tail risk, climate drivers of extreme heat, and new methods for extreme event projections
Authors: Ortiz Luis , Braneon Christian , Horton Radley , Bader Daniel , Orton Philip , Gornitz Vivien , Rosenzweig Bernice , McPhearson Timon , Smalls‐Mantey Lauren , Sheerazi Hadia , Montalto Franco A. , Golkhandan Mobin Rahimi , Evans Colin , DeGaetano Arthur , Mallen Evan , Carter Latonya , McConnell Kathryn , Mayo Talea , Buchanan Maya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe summarize historic New York City (NYC) climate change trends and provide the latest scientific analyses on projected future changes based on a range of global greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Building on previous NPCC assessment reports, we describe new methods used to develop the projections of record for sea level rise, temperature, and precipitation for NYC, across multiple emissions pathways and analyze the issue of the “hot models” associated with the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and their potential impact on NYC's climate projections. We describe the state of the science on temperature variability within NYC and explain both the large‐scale and regional dynamics that lead to extreme heat events, as well as the local physical drivers that lead to inequitable distributions of exposure to extreme heat. We identify three areas of tail risk and potential for its mischaracterization, including the physical processes of extreme events and the effects of a changing climate. Finally, we review opportunities for future research, with a focus on the hot model problem and the intersection of spatial resolution of projections with gaps in knowledge in the impacts of the climate signal on intraurban heat and heat exposure.
Accuracy of clear aligners in the orthodontic rotational movement using different attachment configurations
Authors: Fiorillo Gianluigi , Campobasso Alessandra , Croce Silvia , Hussain Umar , Battista Giovanni , Lo Muzio Eleonora , Mandelli Gualtiero , Ambrosi Alessandro , Gastaldi Giorgio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of dental rotational movements using clear aligners with different attachment configurations.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study analysed 212 teeth from 89 patients undergoing Invisalign treatment. Digital models were analysed after the virtual treatment plan (ST1) and after the first treatment phase (ET1) to evaluate the effective clinical rotational movement. The rotational movements of incisors, canines, and bicuspids were measured using data from the Clincheck Movements Table. ST1 and ET1 were compared to determine the actual rotational movement achieved (ST1‐ET1). The presence or absence of attachments (rectangular or optimized) on teeth was analysed. The accuracy of rotational movements among attachment types was compared using the Kruskal‐Wallis test. Multiple linear regressions were conducted with accuracy as the dependent variable and tooth type, gender, and age as predictors.ResultsOptimized attachments had the highest median accuracy (70%), followed by rectangular (65%), and without attachment (63%), with no significant differences (p = .5). There were no significant differences across age groups, genders, or tooth types. Baseline accuracy was 68.62% (95% CI: 56.03–81.20, p < .001). Age was a significant predictor (estimate = −0.30, 95% CI: −0.58 – −0.03, p = .032), indicating decreased accuracy with increasing age. The model's R2 was 0.046, with an adjusted R2 of 0.003, indicating minimal variance explained.ConclusionThe addition of attachment configurations to clear aligners improves rotational accuracy, but not significantly. Further advancements in these configurations are needed to enhance the performance of the aligners.
Passing on the red genes: Communism nostalgia in online fictions and ideological governance in China
Authors: Han Rongbin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHow does communism as an ideology fare in the post‐reform digital age China? What are the implications for China's ideological governance? Through online ethnographic work and text analysis, this paper identifies and analyzes how communism as an ideation and a practice is (re)memorized, (re)presented, and (re)interpreted in popular online fictions. In doing so, it reveals how such “communism nostalgia” passes on the “red genes,” shaping citizens' understanding of history, the communist ideology, and their expectations toward the current regime. The popular trend creates a predicament of ideological governance for the Chinese regime by allowing it to garner historical legitimacy while also questioning the very nature of the regime today—to what extent has it deviated from its ideological root? By focusing on everyday politics of digital experiences, the article approaches authoritarian ideological governance from a nonconventional perspective, highlighting the agency of ordinary citizens in the process.
The Role of ICT in Maintaining Social Cohesion: Understanding the Potential of Digital Initiatives for Social Networks in Rural Areas☆
Authors: Phillips Rita Helena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDigital initiatives may have helped to maintain active social networks during restrictive, social distancing measures of the COVID‐19 pandemic. To examine how and under which circumstances digital initiatives can contribute to social cohesion, semistructured interviews with 35 stakeholders of local communities and clubs were conducted. The thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews identified four main themes, characterizing conditions under which digital initiatives successfully contributed to social cohesion. First, preexisting digital routines need to be considered. Information and communications technology (ICT) routines, even if limited, need to be extended for digital initiatives to be successfully integrated into communities. Second, acquiring ICT skills are not a technical but a social problem. Members with limited prior knowledge relied heavily on strong ties to improve their ICT skills to become part of digital networks. Third, social media fatigue is particularly prevalent in those with limited prior ICT experience. Importantly, individual withdrawal from digital networks, resulting from SMF, had a knock‐on effect on others. Finally, communities that were not engaging with ICT dissipated. As such, ICT may contribute to social capital by maintaining social engagement in social networks, particularly if providing additional benefits to the community.
Ultraviolet radiation protection factors of livestock shade cloths for free‐range pigs
Authors: Schmalwieser A. W. , Bigelbach L. , Helletzgruber S. , Danhel H. , Heydenreich J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundProtection from solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is paramount in light‐skinned pig breeds such as Yorkshire or Landrace to avoid sunburn.ObjectivesDetermination of the UVR exposure of a pig and the sun protection abilities of shade cloths with different shade rates.AnimalsLife‐sized plastic model of a Landrace pig.Materials and MethodsThe model was equipped with 20 UVR meters at various anatomical positions that recorded the erythemal effective solar irradiance. A turntable enabled irradiation from different directions. Solar irradiance was measured in direct sunlight as well as under three shade cloths with different shade rates (50%, 75% and 90%) and a camouflage net. The sun protection factors (SPF) were determined as the ratio of unshaded‐to‐shaded measurements at the same solar elevation. The exposure ratio to ambient (ERTA) was calculated for each body site with respect to ambient irradiance. It allows determination of when pigs are at risk of sunburn and protection is needed.ResultsThe calculated ERTA values show that some body parts may receive higher values than ambient UVR. Measurements showed that the SPF of shade cloths depends on textile denseness. Selected shade cloths reached values of 3.5 (shade rate 50%), 4.2 (75%) and 5.8 (90%). Protection by the camouflage net was poor. The highest SPF was gained on body sides where ERTA was highest.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceShade cloths can protect all body sites effectively and vulnerable sites in particular. The results of our study enable an estimation of when pigs are at risk of sunburn and provide quantitative metrics for sun protection. This allows effective prevention of UVR‐caused skin damage and secondary disorders.
Fault Detection on Short-Haul or Highly Dynamic Flights Using Transient Flight Segments
Authors: Varchev Tihomir , Mathes Jürgen , Koch Christian , Staudacher Stephan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A machine learning-based approach is presented, which allows to detect persistent engine faults after a single flight. It utilizes transient in-flight measurements and a transient engine model. The time series of the residuals between the measured data and the data resulting from performance synthesis is evaluated using moving windows containing at least one transient segment. A continuous wavelet transformation and a pretrained convolutional neural network are utilized on the residuals for feature extraction. The fault detection is carried out via a one-class support vector machine, trained exclusively on nominal engine operation data. Therefore, the approach requires no a-priory knowledge of the effects of engine faults on the in-flight measurements. Under the assumption of persistent faults, all windows of a single flight, which contain at least one transient segment, are considered in order to improve the reliability of the fault detection. This approach is validated using measured data of a small helicopter engine that replicates the dynamic flight of the corresponding model helicopter on a ground test bed. Consequently, step changes as well as complex variations of the shaft power output are considered. Four standard gas path sensors are considered. The one-class support vector machine is used successfully to detect two types of total pressure sensor anomalies. Assuming a typical number of transient segments for an average short haul flight, it turns out that persistent faults can be detected within one flight with a probability of above 90%.