bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Leukotriene B4 Receptor-1 on CD8+ T Cells Is Required for Their Migration into Tumors To Elicit Effective Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Chheda Zinal , Jala Venkatakrishna Rao , Haribabu Bodduluri 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor (BLT)1 is expressed on variety of immune cells and has been implicated as a mediator of diverse inflammatory diseases. However, whether biological responses initiated via this receptor generate tumor-promoting inflammation or antitumor immunity remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of BLT1 in antitumor immunity using syngeneic TC-1 cervical cancer model, and observed accelerated tumor growth and reduced survival in BLT1−/− mice compared with BLT1+/+ mice. Analysis of the tumor infiltrates by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy revealed a significant decrease in effector immune cells, most notably, CD8+ T cells and NK cells in the tumors of the BLT1−/− mice. Gene expression profiling confirmed the dramatic decrease of IFN-γ, granzyme B, and IL-2 in tumors growing in BLT1−/− mice. Furthermore, depletion of CD8+ T cells enhanced the tumor growth in BLT1+/+ but not in BLT1−/− mice. However, similar levels of Ag-dependent CD8+ T cell–mediated killing activity were observed in spleens of BLT1+/+ and BLT1−/− mice. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells from tumor-bearing BLT1+/+ but not BLT1−/− mice significantly reduced tumor growth and increased the survival of Rag2−/− mice. Although the homeostatic proliferation and expression profiles of other chemokine receptors of adoptively transferred BLT1+/+ and BLT1−/− CD8+ T cells appears to be similar, BLT1+/+ T lymphocytes entered the tumors in greater numbers. These results suggest that BLT1 expression on CD8+ T cells plays an important role in their trafficking to tumors.
Decreased Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Authors: Russo Anthony J. , Pietsch Stefanie C. 
Published: August 2013

Introduction There is support for the role of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the etiology of mood disorders. Recent research has shown that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) modulates GABAergic inhibition and seizure susceptibility. This study was designed to determine and correlate plasma levels of HGF and GABA as well as symptom severity in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Subjects and Methods Plasma from 15 individuals with OCD (9 males, 6 females;, mean age 38.7 years) and 17 neurotypical controls (10 males, 7 females; mean age 35.2 years) was assessed for HGF, GABA, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) concentration using enzyme-linked immunosorbest assays ELISAs. Symptom severity was assessed in these OCD individuals and compared with HGF and GABA concentrations. Results In this preliminary study, individuals with OCD had significantly decreased HGF levels, decreased plasma levels of GABA and decreased uPA. We found that both uPA and uPAR levels correlate with HGF. Both low uPA and low uPAR levels correlate with high symptom severity in individuals with OCD. Low GABA levels in OCD individuals also correlate with high symptom severity. Discussion These results demonstrate a preliminary association between HGF, GABA, uPA levels, and OCD and suggest that plasma GABA and uPA levels are related to symptom severity in individuals with OCD.
Chemie und Biologie der Stimulatoren und Aktivatoren der löslichen Guanylatcyclase
Authors: Follmann Markus , Griebenow Nils , Hahn Michael G. , Hartung Ingo , Mais Franz‐Josef , Mittendorf Joachim , Schäfer Martina , Schirok Hartmut , Stasch Johannes‐Peter , Stoll Friederike , Straub Alexander 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDie gefäßerweiternden Eigenschaften von Stickstoffmonoxid (NO) werden in der Pharmakotherapie bereits seit mehr als 130 Jahren genutzt, und auch heute noch spielen NO‐Donatoren eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Behandlung von Herzkreislauferkrankungen. Inhaliertes NO oder organische Nitrate und NO‐freisetzende Medikamente sind jedoch mit erheblichen therapeutischen Nachteilen behaftet, beispielsweise einer Toleranzentwicklung bei Langzeitbehandlung und unspezifischen Effekten wie der posttranslationalen Modifikation von Proteinen. Die positiven Wirkungen von NO werden durch die Stimulation der löslichen Guanylatcyclase (sGC) vermittelt, einem Häm‐haltigen Enzym, welches das intrazelluläre Signalmolekül cyclisches Guanosinmonophosphat (cGMP) bildet. Vor kurzem wurden zwei Substanzklassen entdeckt, die die Wirkung der sGC NO‐unabhängig verstärken, die sogenannten sGC‐Stimulatoren und sGC‐Aktivatoren. Der erste Vertreter dieser neuen Medikamentenklassen, der sGC‐Stimulator Riociguat, zeigte überzeugende Wirksamkeit in klinischen Phase‐III‐Studien bei unterschiedlichen Formen des Lungenhochdrucks.
Effect of uracil addition on proteomic profiles and 1,3‐‐glucan production in Agrobacterium sp.
Authors: Jin Li‐Hua , Lee Jung‐Heon 
Published: August 2013

AbstractUridine diphosphate (UDP)‐glucose is a precursor of 1,3‐‐glucan and is synthesized from glucose‐1‐phosphate and uridine triphosphate (UTP). Uracil was used as a precursor for UTP, which resulted in an increase in both the UDP‐glucose level and the rate of 1,3‐‐glucan synthesis. 1,3‐‐Glucan production metabolism was reactivated after uracil addition during fermentation. 2D‐PAGE was used to examine the changes in the expression level of the key metabolic enzymes in the production of 1,3‐‐glucan after uracil addition. The results showed that the expression levels of UTP‐glucose‐1‐phosphate uridylytransferase, phosphoglucomutase, and 1,3‐‐glucan synthase catalytic subunit, key metabolic enzymes in the curdlan biosynthesis pathway, were increased after uracil addition by 3.5%, 30%, and 35%, respectively. Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase, which converts uracil to uridine monophosphate (UMP), was also upregulated 79% more than that without uracil addition. However, the expression levels of orotidine 5‐phosphate decarboxylase, glucose‐1‐phosphate adenylyltransferase, and glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase were decreased after uracil addition. This proteomic information is useful for predicting changes in the pathway of uracil utilization. This work provides proteomic information for the integrative analysis of bioinformatic databases, which can be used to predict and understand the metabolism of glucan synthesis at the cellular level.
Hydrostatic pressure and shear stress affect endothelin‐1 and nitric oxide release by endothelial cells in bioreactors
Authors: Vozzi Federico , Bianchi Francesca , Ahluwalia Arti , Domenici Claudio 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAbundant experimental evidence demonstrates that endothelial cells are sensitive to flow; however, the effect of fluid pressure or pressure gradients that are used to drive viscous flow is not well understood. There are two principal physical forces exerted on the blood vessel wall by the passage of intra‐luminal blood: pressure and shear. To analyze the effects of pressure and shear independently, these two stresses were applied to cultured cells in two different types of bioreactors: a pressure‐controlled bioreactor and a laminar flow bioreactor, in which controlled levels of pressure or shear stress, respectively, can be generated. Using these bioreactor systems, endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) and nitric oxide (NO) release from human umbilical vein endothelial cells were measured under various shear stress and pressure conditions. Compared to the controls, a decrease of ET‐1 production by the cells cultured in both bioreactors was observed, whereas NO synthesis was up‐regulated in cells under shear stress, but was not modulated by hydrostatic pressure. These results show that the two hemodynamic forces acting on blood vessels affect endothelial cell function in different ways, and that both should be considered when planning in vitro experiments in the presence of flow. Understanding the individual and synergic effects of the two forces could provide important insights into physiological and pathological processes involved in vascular remodeling and adaptation.
Efficient recovery of recombinant proteins from cereal endosperm is affected by interaction with endogenous storage proteins
Authors: Peters Jenny , Sabalza Maite , Ramessar Koreen , Christou Paul , Capell Teresa , Stöger Eva , Arcalís Elsa 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCereal seeds are versatile platforms for the production of recombinant proteins because they provide a stable environment for protein accumulation. Endogenous seed storage proteins, however, include several prolamin‐type polypeptides that aggregate and crosslink via intermolecular disulfide bridges, which could potentially interact with multimeric recombinant proteins such as antibodies, which assemble in the same manner. We investigated this possibility by sequentially extracting a human antibody expressed in maize endosperm, followed by precipitation in vitro with zein. We provide evidence that a significant proportion of the antibody pool interacts with zein and therefore cannot be extracted using non‐reducing buffers. Immunolocalization experiments demonstrated that antibodies targeted for secretion were instead retained within zein bodies because of such covalent interactions. Our findings suggest that the production of soluble recombinant antibodies in maize could be enhanced by eliminating or minimizing interactions with endogenous storage proteins.
The impact of patient compliance with adjuvant radiotherapy: a comprehensive cohort study
Authors: Badakhshi Harun , Gruen Arne , Sehouli Jalid , Budach Volker , Boehmer Dirk 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPostoperative radiotherapy (RT) is the standard of care for early stage breast cancer. It reduces the risk for local recurrence and prolongs survival. We assessed whether, the omission of RT because of patient's preference may influence the prognosis and, thus, the quality of cancer care. Detailed information from a prospectively collected database of a breast cancer center was analyzed. Multiple regression analysis and univariate and multivariate analysis for risk factors for recurrence were performed. The entire cohort of primary breast cancer patients in a given time period was analyzed. Data from 1903 patients undergoing treatment at breast cancer center between 2003 and 2008 were used. All patient underwent breast conserving surgery and RT was performed for all patients of the cohort. Local tumor control and disease‐free survival were calculated. After a median follow‐up of 2.18 years (maximum 6.39 years), 5.5% of patients did not follow guideline‐based recommendations for RT. There was a significant correlation between noncompliance and patient's age, adjuvant hormonal therapy (97.0%), and adjuvant chemotherapy (96.8%). Seventy local recurrences occurred that corresponds to a local recurrence rate of 3.9%. The difference in regard to local recurrence‐free 5‐year survival between the compliant patients and the noncompliant patients is absolute 17.9 (93.3% and 75.4%). Noncompliant patients had suffered a 5.02‐fold increased risk of local recurrence than compliant patients. The omission of RT after breast‐conserving surgery results in a higher local failure rate and significantly worsens clinical outcome. Age may play an important role because of the comorbidities of aged patients or the assumed low RT tolerance in this group. On a clinical level, this data suggests that improvement is needed to correct this situation, and the question remains as to how best to improve RT compliance.
Long‐Lived Radical Cation Salts Obtained by Interaction of Monocyclic Arenes with Niobium and Tantalum Pentahalides at Room Temperature: EPR and DFT Studies
Authors: Marchetti Fabio , Pampaloni Guido , Pinzino Calogero 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe 1:3 reactions of the alkoxy arenes 1,4‐(MeO)2C6H4 and 1,4‐F2‐2,5‐(MeO)2C6H2 with TaF5 in chloroform at 40–50 °C resulted in formation in about 35 % yield of the long‐lived radical cation salts [1,4‐(MeO)2C6H4][Ta2F11] (2 a) and [1,4‐F2‐2,5‐(MeO)2C6H2][Ta2F11] (2 b), respectively. The non‐alkoxy‐substituted [arene][M2X11] [M=Ta, X=F: arene=C6H5Me (2 c), 1,4‐C6H4Me2 (2 d), C6H5F (2 e), C6H5NO2 (2 f); M=Nb, X=F: arene=C6H5Me (4 a), 1,4‐C6H4Me2 (4 b), C6H5F (4 c), C6H5NO2 (4 d); M=Ta, X=Cl: arene=1,4‐C6H4Me2 (5)] were obtained from the 3:1 reactions of MX5 with the appropriate arene in chloroform at temperatures in the range 40–90 °C. Compounds 2–5 were detected by EPR spectroscopy (in CHCl3) at room temperature, and their gas‐phase structures were optimized by DFT calculations. Formation of the MIV species [MX4(NCMe)2] [M=Ta, X=F (3 a); M=Nb, X=F (3 b); M=Ta, X=Cl (3 c)] was ascertained by EPR spectroscopy on solutions obtained by treatment of the reaction mixtures with acetonitrile. Non‐selective reactions occurred upon combination of 1,4‐F2‐2,5‐(MeO)2C6H2 with AgNbF6 (in CH2Cl2) and 1,4‐(MeO)2C6H4 with SbF5.
Long‐term results of weekly/daily cisplatin‐based chemoradiation for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal
Authors: Eng Cathy , Chang George J. , You Y. Nancy , Das Prajnan , Xing Yan , Delclos Marc , Wolff Robert A. , Rodriguez‐Bigas Miguel A. , Skibber John , Ohinata Aki , Gould Spencer , Phillips Jonathan , Crane Christopher H. 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDWeekly or daily cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐based chemoradiation was evaluated for patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal treated at a single institution over a 20‐year period.METHODSA retrospective, single‐institution analysis was conducted of patients receiving concurrent 5‐FU/cisplatin and radiotherapy for locally advanced SCC from 1989 to 2009. Endpoints included clinical complete response rate, local recurrence rate, colostomy‐free survival, disease‐free survival (DFS), overall survival, and treatment‐related toxicity.RESULTSA total of 197 patients were evaluable. The majority had American Joint Committee on Cancer stage II (41%) or stage III (46%) disease; most were T2 (44%) or T3 (27%); bulky nodal disease (N2‐N3) was noted in 24% of patients. Patients received weekly (20 mg/m2) or daily (4 mg/m2) cisplatin during radiotherapy. Median radiation dose was 55 Gy. Clinical complete response was observed in 185 patients (94%). After a median follow‐up of 8.6 years, local recurrence rate was 11%. Sixteen patients (8%) developed distant metastases. The 5‐year DFS was 81%, the 5‐year overall survival was 86%, and the 5‐year colostomy‐free survival was 88%. By univariate analysis, N‐stage was a poor prognostic indicator for 5‐year DFS (P = .02, 95% confidence interval = 1.17‐2.01) and distant metastases (P = .046, 95% confidence interval = 1.09‐2.13). Increased T‐stage correlated with the necessity for salvage surgery (P = .01).CONCLUSIONSThe combination of weekly/daily cisplatin and 5‐FU–based chemotherapy with concurrent radiotherapy is an effective regimen, and our long‐term results indicate that cisplatin is an alternative to mitomycin C and may be considered for the treatment of locally advanced SCC of the anal canal. Cancer 2013;119:3769–3775. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
The cellient automated cell block system is useful in the differential diagnosis of atypical glandular cells in Papanicolaou tests
Authors: Xing Wei , Hou April Y. , Fischer Andrew , Owens Christopher L. , Jiang Zhong 
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUNDAtypical glandular cells (AGC) is a very important diagnosis in gynecological cytology. In the current study, the authors investigated the usefulness of Cellient cell blocks (CB) for characterizing AGC on Papanicolaou (Pap) tests.METHODSA total of 148 patients with an AGC diagnosis based on Pap tests by cytotechnologists and referred to cytopathologists were studied. Among these patients, there were 68 patients with CB preparations and 80 patients with Pap tests only (TP‐AGC group). Follow‐up results by Pap tests or biopsies were obtained in 117 of 148 patients. The median follow‐up was 13 months (range, 1 month‐36 months).RESULTSOf the 68 patients with CBs, 31 (46%) were reclassified as negative for dysplasia or low‐grade intraepithelial lesion; 30 patients (44%) retained a diagnosis of AGC (CB‐AGC group); and 7 patients (10%) were given specific diagnoses of high‐grade intraepithelial lesion (3 patients), endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ (1 patient), and invasive adenocarcinoma (3 patients). On follow‐up, the CB‐AGC group was found to have a significantly lower rate of negative/low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion diagnoses compared with the TP‐AGC group (55% vs 85%; P = .006). The CB‐AGC group had a significantly higher rate of endocervical or endometrial adenocarcinoma compared with the TP‐AGC group (36% vs 8%; P = .003) at the time of follow‐up. The rates of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion were not found to be statistically different between these 2 groups (9% vs 7%; P = .66).CONCLUSIONSThe Cellient CB is a useful technique to further categorize a diagnosis of AGC on Pap tests. Using the Cellient CB system, the pathologist has the ability to improve the diagnostic accuracy of AGC so that unnecessary colposcopic evaluation or biopsies can be avoided. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:8–14. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Extending CIELAB: Vividness, , depth, , and clarity,
Authors: Berns Roy S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCIE L*, a*, b* is a rectangular coordinate system used extensively for numerical color communication and quality assurance. Often the a*, b* coordinates are rotated to cylindrical polar coordinates of
(radial distance) and hab (angle measured counterclockwise from the a* axis), reasonably relating to chroma and hue. When each coordinate is considered independently, it is observed that colors in our daily experiences do not change in a similar independent fashion. Changes in concentration for mixtures of colorants result in changes in both chroma and lightness. Directly illuminated three‐dimensional colored objects change in both chroma and lightness between direct illumination and either shadow or highlight. Two new coordinates are defined for CIELAB: vividness,
, and depth,
. Each represents a Euclidean distance from a color defined by L* and
to
of 0 and either L* = 0 for vividness or L* = 100 for depth. Image‐based visualizations were made to demonstrate how changes in these variables led to color changes more representative of our daily experiences. For cases where a color and background had the same lightness, it was observed that colors became less distinct with a reduction in chroma. A third dimension was defined, clarity,
, a Euclidean distance from a color defined by L*, a*, and b* to its background color, similarly defined. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 322–330, 2014
Development of VLF/LF Bands Interferometer and Its Initial Observations
Authors: Takayanagi Yuji , Akita Manabu , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Yoshida Satoru , Morimoto Takeshi , Ushio Tomoo , Kawasaki Zen‐Ichiro , Yamamoto Kenji 
Published: August 2013

SummaryWe have been developing an EM source location system using the VLF/LF bands based on broadband digital interferometry to monitor lightning activity in a wide area. Since EM waves in VLF/LF radiated by lightning discharges propagate a long distance, the VLF/LF interferometer locates lightning discharges a few hundred kilometers away from the VLF/LF interferometer. We conducted a lightning observation campaign using a prototype of a VLF/LF band digital interferometer and VHF band digital interferometers in Darwin, Australia. The VLF/LF radiation sources were located near those of the VHF source. We succeeded in locating the VLF/LF radiation sources associated with return strokes near the ground. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 185(4): 9–17, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22300
Estimating Power Outage Costs Based on a Survey of Industrial Customers
Authors: Yoshida Yoshikuni , Matsuhashi Ryuji 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThousands of factories in Japan responded to a survey on power outage costs for industrial customers. From across the country, 5139 facilities designated as energy management factories answered questions about their power consumption and the loss of production value due to a hypothetical hour‐long power outage on a summer weekday. Using their responses, we estimated the median unit cost of a power outage across all sectors to be 672 yen/kWh. The service sector of amusement and hobbies and the manufacturing sector that makes electronic information and communication equipment have relatively high unit costs for power outages. The direct cost of damage from a specified power outage across all sectors totaled 77 billion yen. Using input–output analysis, we estimated the indirect damage costs caused by the repercussions of halting production. Indirect damages across all sectors totaled 91 billion yen. The wholesale and retail trade sector had the largest direct damage costs, while the transportation equipment manufacturing sector has the largest indirect damage costs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 185(4): 25–32, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22306
Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum Wire for Overhead Transmission Lines: Investigation and Analysis
Authors: Seri Osami , Miogi Daisuke , Satoh Kohki 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThe corrosion behavior of aluminum wire used for overhead transmission lines was studied in four corrosion environments: (1) sodium chloride solution, (2) sodium chloride solution with addition of alumina particles, (3) aluminum chloride solution, (4) aluminum chloride solution with addition of alumina particles. The corrosion tests and polarization measurements revealed that environments 2 and 4 with alumina particles roughened and rapidly corroded the surface of the aluminum wire. It is considered that wet and dry environments of overhead transmission lines change aluminum hydroxide, present as a corrosion product, to alumina (aluminum oxide), which acts as an abrasive and weakens the surface of the aluminum wire. It is also shown that the corrosion of the aluminum wire occurs in an abrasive corrosion environment caused by alumina and corrosion fatigue due to vibration of the overhead wires. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 185(4): 18–24, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22486
Ring‐Expansion Reaction of Isatins with Ethyl Diazoacetate Catalyzed by Dirhodium(II)/DBU Metal‐Organic System: En Route to Viridicatin Alkaloids
Authors: Paterna Roberta , André Vânia , Duarte M. Teresa , Veiros Luis F. , Candeias Nuno R. , Gois Pedro M. P. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe present here the NHC‐dirhodium(II)/DBU‐catalyzed ring expansion reaction of isatins with ethyl diazoacetate. This new one‐pot protocol yields the ethyl 3‐hydroxy‐2(1H)‐oxoquinoline‐4‐carboxylate core, regioselectively and in good to excellent yields. A DFT mechanistic study indicates metallocarbene formation between the 3‐hydroxyindole‐diazo intermediate and the dirhodium(II) complex to be the rate‐limiting step of the reaction. The synthesized ethyl 3‐hydroxy‐2(1H)‐oxoquinoline‐4‐carboxylate core could be readily converted to viridicatin alkaloids, in yields up to 80 % by a microwave‐assisted Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling of the 3‐hydroxy‐4‐bromoquinolin‐2(1H)‐one with arylboronic acid.