bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of intrinsically disordered region binding proteins
Authors: Wu Kejia , Jiang Hanlun , Hicks Derrick R. , Liu Caixuan , Muratspahić Edin , Ramelot Theresa A. , Liu Yuexuan , McNally Kerrie , Kenny Sebastian , Mihut Andrei , Gaur Amit , Coventry Brian , Chen Wei , Bera Asim K. , Kang Alex , Gerben Stacey , Lamb Mila Ya-Lan , Murray Analisa , Li Xinting , Kennedy Madison A. , Yang Wei , Song Zihao , Schober Gudrun , Brierley Stuart M. , O’Neill John , Gelb Michael H. , Montelione Gaetano T. , Derivery Emmanuel , Baker David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins and peptides play key roles in biology, but the lack of defined structures and the high variability in sequence and conformational preferences has made targeting such systems challenging. We describe a general approach for designing proteins that bind intrinsically disordered protein regions in diverse extended conformations with side chains fitting into complementary binding pockets. We used the approach to design binders for 39 highly diverse unstructured targets and obtain designs with pM to 100 nM affinities in 34 cases, testing ∼22 designs per target (including polar targets). The designs function in cells and as detection reagents, and are specific for their intended targets in all-by-all binding experiments. Our approach is a major step towards a general solution to the intrinsically disordered protein and peptide recognition problem.
Transcriptomic Insights into the Virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii During Infection: Role of Iron Uptake and Siderophore Production Genes
Authors: Ten Kah Ern , Rahman Sadequr , Tan Hock Siew 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcinetobacter baumanniiis a top-priority pathogen as classified by the World Health Organisation. It causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients, resulting in prolonged hospitalisation and high mortality. Increasing cases of community-acquiredA. baumanniiinfections with rapid progression and severe infections have been reported. This study used the previously describedGalleria mellonellainfection model to investigate the virulence mechanisms of the community strain C98 (Ab-C98) via transcriptomic analysis using direct RNA sequencing. This strain showed greater killing and more rapid colonisation in the larvae than a clinical reference strain (ATCC BAA1605). Differential gene expression analysis revealed the significant upregulation of three major iron clusters: the acinetobactin and baumannoferrin clusters for siderophore production and the Feo system for ferrous iron uptake. Targeted knockout of siderophore production genes (basC,bfnDand isochorismatase family protein) significantly attenuated virulence in mutants with minimal impact on the bacterial growthin vivo. Overall, this study highlights the virulence ofbasC, isochorismatase family protein andbfnDin the pathogenicity ofA. baumannii. As these targets are highly conserved inA. baumanniiand the closely relatedA. pittiiandA. lactucae, they could serve as potential therapeutic targets for developing new antivirulence agents to combat these pathogens.
Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomic Analyses Deciphering the Three-Layer Architecture of Human Tuberculosis Granulomas
Authors: Yu Xia , Wang Jie , Wang Peihan , Liu Xiaoqiang , Li Cuidan , Ju Yingjiao , Liu Sitong , Dong Yujie , Wang Jing , Tuohetaerbaike Bahetibieke , Wen Hao , Zhang Wenbao , Niu Haitao , Xu Sihong , Jiang Chunlai , Jiang Xiaoyi , Wu Jing , Huang Hairong , Chen Fei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundGranulomas (defining tuberculosis histopathological feature) are central to the host’s defense againstMycobacterium tuberculosis, critically influencing patient outcomes. However, knowledge of human granulomas’ structure and function are incomplete. This study employs single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to dissect human granuloma’s cellular composition, structure, communication and function from 19 pulmonary, lymphatic and skeletal samples.ResultsOur study identified nine key immune-activated/signaling-active cell clusters. Notably, we delineated a three-layered granuloma structure: a core with macrophages (Macro-c09, Macro-c10) and occasional fibroblasts (Fib-c03); a fibroblast-rich (Fib-c01) periphery; and an immune-infiltrated intermediate layer comprising diverse immune-cells recruited by strong signaling-molecules (SPP1/MIF) from core/periphery cells. This study also shows granuloma heterogeneity across individuals and tissues.ConclusionsBy merging scRNA-seq with ST-seq, we offer an intricate single-cell perspective of granulomas’ spatial-structure and formation mechanisms, identify signaling-molecules and significantly changed genes as potential targets for host-directed tuberculosis immunotherapy, highlight fibroblasts’ crucial role in granuloma formation, and provide an important reference/improved understanding of TB.
The native glycocalyx is an ordered, self-assembled hierarchical micro- and nanoarray lamellar structure conserved in evolution
Authors: Garbarino Emanuela , Subbiahdoss Guruprakash , Scheberl Andrea , Reimhult Erik , Misevic Gradimir 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe native ultrastructure of the glycocalyx remained unknown despite its functional importance in cellular recognition/adhesion and selective filtration. The major components of this universal extracellular coat, mucins, proteoglycans, glyconectins, and hyaluronan, share similar physicochemical properties of high molecular weight, glycan richness, and amply hydrated bottlebrush polymer morphologies with comparable intramolecular anionic charge distribution. The diversity of these glycoconjugate intermolecular binding under physiologically highly hydrated and specific ionic conditions keeps the native glycocalyx structure enabling it to function. Irrespective of the intricacy of the glycocalyx physiological milieu preservation and molecular organization, only a dehydrated non-native state presenting an artefactual unorganized fiber mesh was imaged. Using cryo-SEM after cryo-preservation with minimal sublimation to conserve water, ion distribution, and the native intermolecular interactions, we unveil well-organized lamellae of glycoconjugates self-assembled in hierarchical micro- and nanoarrays for the glycocalyx of human cell and self-assembled glyconectin glycocalyx from an evolutionary most distant sponge despite differences in sequence and composition. Our combined AFM binding strength measurements and cryo-SEM imply that evolutionarily preserved glycocalyx micro- and nano-morphologies are formed by thermodynamically driven self-assembly of glycoconjugates having similar physico-chemical properties.TeaserThe extracellular glycocalyx coat is a self-organizing ultrastructure in human and sponge cells.
Electrochemical cofactor recycling of bacterial microcompartments
Authors: Sutter Markus , Utschig Lisa M. , Niklas Jens , Paul Sathi , Kahan Darren N. , Gupta Sayan , Poluektov Oleg G. , Ferlez Bryan H. , Tefft Nicholas M. , TerAvest Michaela A. , Hickey David P. , Vermaas Josh V. , Ralston Corie Y. , Kerfeld Cheryl A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are prokaryotic organelles that consist of a protein shell which sequesters metabolic reactions in its interior. While most of the substrates and products are relatively small and can permeate the shell, many of the encapsulated enzymes require cofactors that must be regenerated inside. We have analyzed the occurrence of an enzyme previously assigned as a cobalamin (vitamin B12) reductase and, curiously, found it in many unrelated BMC types that do not employ B12cofactors. We propose NAD+ regeneration as a new function of this enzyme and name it MNdh, for Metabolosome NADH dehydrogenase. Its partner shell protein BMC-TSEassists in passing the generated electrons to the outside. We support this hypothesis with bioinformatic analysis, functional assays, EPR spectroscopy, protein voltammetry and structural modeling verified with X-ray footprinting. This discovery represents a new paradigm for the BMC field, identifying a new, widely occurring route for cofactor recycling and a new function for the shell as separating redox environments.
Unraveling the role of digital leadership in developing digital dynamic capabilities for the digital transformation of firms
Authors: Albannai Najla Abdullah , Raziq Muhammad Mustafa , Malik Mehreen , Scott-Kennel Joanna , Igoe Josephine 
Published: July 2024

PurposeWith the emergence of the digital era, the role of digital leaders in developing digital capabilities and driving their firms towards digital transformation has gained significant attention. Digital dynamic capabilities involve continuous engagement of leaders in sensing, seizing, and transforming activities needed to digitally transform their firms. However, little attention is given toward the role of digital leadership in developing digital dynamic capabilities. We seek to develop an understanding of the role of digital leadership in building digital dynamic capabilities for successful digital transformation.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted a systematic literature review and looked at relevant articles using Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases with key search items being “digital leadership”, “dynamic capabilities”, “digital dynamic capabilities,”. We used AND, OR operators in between the key terms to search for the relevant articles.FindingsOur conceptual framework and propositions demonstrate the digital leader's role in building three core dynamic capabilities: digital sensing (technological trends, digital scouting, digital vision, future interpretation, and digital strategies), digital seizing (organizational agility and digital portfolio), and transforming (redesigning internal structures and ecosystem partnerships) for successful digital transformation.Originality/valueThis study pioneers an integrated framework that elucidates the role of digital leadership in fostering digital dynamic capabilities essential for successful digital transformation. While previous research has examined digital leadership and transformation in separate silos, our work bridges this gap by defining and dissecting three core capabilities—digital sensing, digital seizing, and transforming. By doing so, we offer both academic and practical communities a nuanced understanding of how digital leadership shapes dynamic capabilities. The study serves as a foundational roadmap for future research and offers actionable insights for organizations striving to navigate the complex landscape of digital transformation.
Do artificial intelligence system adoptions foster production management supply chain performance in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms? An empirical exploring study from the MENA region
Authors: Al-Shboul Moh’d Anwer 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe goal of this study is to better understand the driving force behind the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms (PMFs) that are recognized as developing countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region that are listed by the Chambers of the Industries of Jordan, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Morocco, and Algeria. Furthermore, the effect of adopting and using AI in managing raw materials (RMs), products, parts, and components for PMFs through supply chains (SCs).Design/methodology/approachA self-administrated questionnaire survey was used to gather data from 95 out of 511 participating managers (e.g. manufacturing, supplying, IT, operational, and logistical managers) utilizing a quantitative technique with a random sample size. In fact, 18.8% of the 89 different manufacturing firms (MFs) in the MENA area responded, with five to six managers from each company. The raw data was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe study’s findings show that the readiness to embrace artificial intelligence (AI) in the production management supply chain performance (PMSCP) of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is positively and significantly influenced directly and indirectly by sustainable strategic supplier reliability (SSSR), shipping process dependability (SPD), technological factors (TFs), and infrastructure transformational development capability (ITDC).Originality/valueAs the studied countries are growing economies, such study findings might offer insightful consequences for stakeholders and policymakers regarding the significance of using artificial intelligence system adoptions in pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in the MENA region. The managers may also concentrate on the strong positive direct and indirect links between SSSR, SPD, TFs, and ITDC preparedness to accept AI adoption and its applications and systems in supply chain and production management departments and the consequences of informational and product delivery.
The impact of business model innovation and knowledge management on firm performance: an emerging markets perspective
Authors: Bashir Makhmoor , Farooq Rayees , Naqshbandi M. Muzamil 
Published: July 2024

PurposeDespite the growing literature on business model innovation (BMI) and its implications for firm performance, the research on the antecedents of BMI is still at a budding stage. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to bridge this gap by examining the causal relationships between knowledge management, BMI, competitive advantage, and firm performance.Design/methodology/approachA purposive sample of 300 micro, small, and medium enterprises was collected with more than 500 employees and total revenue between 50 and 500 million Indian Rupees, according to the Development Act, 2005. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling through smart PLS 3.FindingsThe study’s findings show that knowledge management significantly influences BMI. This study also highlights the synergic impact of Knowledge management and BMI on firm performance. Furthermore, findings highlight the mediating role of competitive advantage in the relationship between knowledge management, BMI, and firm performance.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the impact of BMI and knowledge management is crucial for business owners, managers, and other stakeholders to plan for the continuous improvement of their businesses. Managers can secure a favorable position in the competitive market and improve organizational performance by paying attention to effectively managing their knowledge resources.Originality/valueThe study is one of the first few empirical efforts to investigate the causal relationships between knowledge management, BMI and firm performance. The study adds to the scant literature in this area by highlighting the mediating role of competitive advantage.
Improving processing efficiency through workflow process reengineering, simulation and value stream mapping: a case study of business process reengineering
Authors: Wang Chia-Nan , Vo Tran Thi Bich Chau , Hsu Hsien-Pin , Chung Yu-Chi , Nguyen Nhut Tien , Nhieu Nhat-Luong 
Published: July 2024

PurposeBusiness Process Reengineering (BPR) eliminates non-value-added (NVA) and essential non-value-added (ENVA) waste through radical process redesign to improve organizational operations. Comprehensive research integrating BPR tools is needed to understand their benefits for manufacturing firms. This research presents an integrated BPR-simulation framework tailored to the manufacturing sector to maximize process improvements and operational excellence.Design/methodology/approachThe BPR design methodology adopts a systematic, multi-stage approach. The first phase involves identifying a specific improvement process aligned with BPR's core objectives. This phase analyses and redesigns workflows to optimize task sequences, roles, and stakeholder interactions while eliminating redundancies and inefficiencies via Workflow Process Reengineering. Visual process mapping tools, including VSM and simulation, pinpoint areas of waste, delay, and potential enhancement. The second phase follows the workflow analysis and aims to improve efficiency and effectiveness by redefining roles, rearranging tasks, and integrating automation and technology solutions. The redesigned process undergoes evaluation against key performance indicators to ensure measurable improvements are achieved. The final phase validates the proposed changes through simulation models, assesses the impact on key performance metrics, and establishes the necessary infrastructure for successful implementation. The proposed model is empirically validated through a case study of a leading apparel company in Vietnam, confirming its effectiveness.FindingsThe findings reveal that NVA activities are being eliminated, and ENVA activities in key departments are significantly reduced. This yielded a substantial improvement, reducing 25 out of 186 combined ENVA and NVA operations in the sewing facility, involving a decrease of 15 ENVA operations and the removal of 10 NVA operations. Consequently, this led to an 8.5% reduction in the proportion of ENVA operations, accompanied by a complete 100% elimination of NVA activities.Research limitations/implicationsThe single case study limits generalizability; thus, expanded implementation across diverse manufacturing sub-sectors is required to establish validity and broader applicability of the integrated framework.Originality/valueThe experimental results highlight the proposed model's effectiveness in optimizing resource utilization and its practical implementation potential. This structured BPR methodology enables organizations to validate, evaluate, and establish proposed process changes to enhance operational performance and productivity.
The role of interpersonal conflict as a cause of work-related stress in construction managers in Ireland
Authors: Bruce Patrick John , Hrymak Victor , Bruce Carol , Byrne Joseph 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide evidence to support an emerging theory that interpersonal conflict is the primary cause of workplace stress among a self-selected sample of Irish construction managers.

Design/methodology/approach
Eighteen construction managers working in Ireland were recruited for this study. Using semi-structured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis as the research methodology, the causes of their workplace stress were investigated.

Findings
Participants reported that the principal cause of their workplace stress was high levels of interpersonal conflict between colleagues. The effects of this interpersonal conflict included avoidance behaviour, ill health, absences from the workplace and loss of productivity issues. Deadlines, penalty clauses, lack of appreciation, cliques, costs, communication, temporary contracts and delays were also reported stressors.

Research limitations/implications
A limitation of the study is the small sample of 18 construction managers and the limited geographical area.

Social implications
The social implications of this study could be to clearly identify that interpersonal conflict may be under reported in the construction industry, and there is a possibility that it is being misclassified as other workplace behaviours such as bullying, harassment and workplace violence. If this is so, this could aid future researchers in addressing this challenging workplace behaviour.

Originality/value
The current consensus in the literature is that the three main causes of workplace stress are bullying, harassment and violence. However, the role and importance of interpersonal conflict as reported in this study, with the exception of North America and China, is not reflected in the wider health and safety research literature. In addition, interpersonal conflict and its reluctance to be reported is largely absent from construction safety research. The findings of this study may be explained if the workplace stress research community is currently misclassifying interpersonal conflict as a manifestation of bullying, harassment or violence. If this is the case, interpersonal conflict needs further research. This is to establish if this cause of construction-related workplace stress needs to be reconsidered as a standalone phenomenon in the wider family of challenging workplace behaviours.
Recaudo: a sustainable restaurant with roots in passion and entrepreneurship
Authors: Domínguez Paredes Ana Laura 
Published: July 2024

Learning outcomes
Upon completion of this case study, students will be able to understand Recaudo's contribution to sustainability; analyze circular economy principles in Recaudo's operations; understand Recaudo's contributions to Sustainable Development Goals; exploring Recaudo's role in social innovation.

Case overview/synopsis
The purpose of this case study is to understand sustainability practices in a Mexican microenterprise that employs fair trade, circular economy and local cuisine. Despite implementing these practices, the founder aims to expand impact and further professionalize them. The study poses questions to enhance her proposals in social innovation and aims to reach business schools and entrepreneurs initiating enterprises.

Complexity academic level
This case study can be useful for undergraduate students majoring in fields such as business administration, entrepreneurship, sustainability studies and hospitality management; for postgraduate students pursuing advanced degrees in areas like sustainable business management, social entrepreneurship and development studies; and for professionals and practitioners in the restaurant industry, sustainability consulting firms and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) focusing on sustainable development.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Education first? Triggering vs jeopardising entrepreneurial intentions
Authors: Tormo-Carbó Guillermina , Seguí-Mas Elies , Oltra Victor 
Published: July 2024

PurposeDrawing on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TBP) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), this study delves into how, in entrepreneurship-unfriendly environments, university students’ entrepreneurial intention (EI) is shaped, focusing particularly on the role of entrepreneurship education (EE) and an entrepreneurial family context (EFC).Design/methodology/approachA sample of 688 students at a Spanish university was used for testing our hypotheses using GUESSS project data, through PLS-SEM regression and multigroup analysis (entrepreneurship course vs non-course students).FindingsPositive and significant impacts of entrepreneurial attitude (EA) and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) on EI, and of subjective norms (SN) on EA and ESE, were found in both groups. Conversely, the impacts of an EFC on EA, SN and EI were significant only for course students, and the impact of SN on EI was significant only for non-course students. The impact of EFC on ESE was not significant for either group.Originality/valueThis investigation delves into how the TPB components shape university students’ EI in entrepreneurship-unfriendly contexts, and offers an original multigroup analysis to explore the role of EE in such dynamics. A novel contribution of this study is the finding that EE is a relevant catalyser for making entrepreneurial parents become an effective trigger for entrepreneurship. Conversely, EE was, unexpectedly, deemed irrelevant or counter-productive for some aspects of entrepreneurial dynamics. Further research is encouraged, delving into the role of social and cultural contexts.