bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 3-D analytic eddy current model for a finite width conductive plate
Authors: Paul Subhra , Z. Bird Jonathan 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– A 3-D analytic modeling technique for calculating the eddy current distribution, force and power loss in a conductive plate of finite width and thickness is presented. The derived equations are expressed in a general form so that any magnetic source can be utilized. The model assumes the length of the conductive plate is large and the thickness of the plate is thin but not negligible. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The conducting and non-conducting regions are formulated in terms of decoupled magnetic vector potential components. In order to accurately compute the eddy current fields and forces the source field only needs to be applied on the surface of the conducting plate. The primary focus is on reducing the eddy current computational time.

Findings
– The accuracy of the presented approach is verified by utilizing a magnetic rotor that has both a rotational and translational motion. The proposed method is computationally efficient and its accuracy is validated using the finite element method.

Research limitations/implications
– The conducting plate thickness is assumed to be thin (but not negligible), and this enables the field interaction through the edge of the plate to be neglected. The lateral force is not calculated in the proposed approach.

Practical implications
– The calculation procedure presented is computationally fast and therefore this can enable the 3-D eddy current forces to be computed in near real-time.

Originality/value
– This paper presents a fully 3-D analytic based eddy current formlation for computing the eddy current fields and forces in a conducting plate of finite thickness and finite width. The modeling approach is shown to be computationally accurate and relatively fast.
Magnetic separation of magnetic activated carbons for water treatment and reuse
Authors: Caterina Borghi Chiara , Akiyama Yoko , Fabbri Massimo , Nishijima Shigehiro , Luigi Ribani Pier 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is the study of the magnetic separation of pollutants from water by means of a magnetic filter. A magnetic activated carbons nanometric powder that combines the well-known pollutants absorbent capacity of activated carbons with the magnetic properties of magnetite (Fe3O4) is used.

Design/methodology/approach
– The considered magnetic filter is made of stainless steel spheres, magnetized by an external flux density field provided by permanent magnets. Flux density and fluid velocity fields are evaluated using volume integral equation method. The modelling of the particles trajectories inside the filter allows calculating its capture efficiency.

Findings
– The results of the model are tested on the experimental data obtained using two different setups. A removal of the powder larger than 90 percent is achieved in both cases. The pollutant removal efficiency is checked on surfactants (water diluted). Their adsorption on magnetic activated carbons leads to residual concentration below the limit for the reuse in agriculture (according to the Italian legislation) for all the tested surfactants.

Originality/value
– The proposed process combines efficiently a physico-chemical phase of adsorption and a magnetic phase of filtration due to the particular properties of magnetic activated carbons.
Improving the performances of triangular microstrip antenna with multilayered configuration
Authors: Barkat Ouarda 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– An improved analytical model is presented to investigate the scattering properties of high Tc superconducting triangular antennas in multilayered configuration. The spectral method is used to study the scattering properties of superconducting triangular antennas. Galerkin method is used in the resolution of the electric field integral equation. The boundary condition for the electric field was used to derive an integral equation for the electric current. To validate the theoretical results, a study has been performed for perfectly conducting triangular patch on a single layer, with air gap, and cover layer. The computed data are found to be in good agreement. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– A spectral domain approach has been used for the numerical calculation of the characteristics of a high Tc superconducting microstrip antenna with an air gap and cover layer. Initially, the authors use an integral method of moment which enabled them to exploit the spectral tensor of green. The resolution of the integral equations of the electric field by the procedure of Galerkin makes it possible to lead to a system of equations homogenous. The authors have calculated the frequency of resonance and the radiation pattern of antenna.

Findings
– The properties of the HTSTMA structure were stable at temperatures slightly lower than the critical temperature. Also computations show that the air separation can be adjusted to have the maximum operating frequency of the superconducting microstrip antenna. On the other hand, the bandwidth increases monotonically with increasing the air gap width. Therefore, HTS materials do offer efficiency improvements for antenna systems that can accommodate the added constraints of the superconducting environment. The calculated results have been compared with measured one available in the literature and excellent agreement has been found.

Originality/value
– To the best of the authors' knowledge, this subject has not been reported in the open literature; the only published results on the analysis of perfectly conducting triangular microstrip antennas.
Computer-based modeling of moving cylindrical ferromagnetic billets induction heating
Authors: Alexeevich Prakht Vladimir , Alexandrovich Dmitrievskii Vladimir , Nikitich Sarapulov Fedor , Aleksandrovich Dmitrievskii Anton , Ramazanovich Safin Nail 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– Nowadays, various software is available for simulating physical processes in induction heating. The software is often limited in its ability to simulate the billet movement, sometimes assuming uniform distribution of voltages on the inductor winding, uniformity of the physical properties of the billet, etc. The mathematical model of moving cylindrical ferromagnetic billets described in this paper takes into account the billet's movement, the billet phase heterogeneity and the nonuniformity of the supply voltage distribution in the inductor turns. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research methodology is based on FEM analysis of the coupled problem, including the electromagnetic and thermal boundary problem with additional algebraic equations, using Comsol 3.5a software.

Findings
– The electromagnetic and temperature field in the billet and the voltage distribution on the winding turns have been calculated. The phase distribution in the billet has been predicted. Significant interaction of the nonuniformity of the supply voltage distribution, the billet's movement, the billet phase heterogeneity and side effect on the ends of the inductor have been shown.

Practical implications
– The results received can be used for designing the induction heating unit for moving cylindrical billets made from ferromagnetic material and improving their characteristics.

Originality/value
– Investigation of moving cylindrical ferromagnetic billets induction heating can be done by numerical solving the coupled problem including the electromagnetic and thermal boundary problem with additional algebraic equations for the supply voltage distribution.
Stochastic models for the evaluation of magnetisation faults
Authors: Offermann Peter , Hameyer Kay 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– The introduction of stochastic deviations due to production faults into the finite element (FE) simulation of electrical machines requires suitable error-model. These models should describe the occurring deviations from the ideal case. Permanent magnets, which can be used as rotor excitations in synchronous machines (PMSM), are one out of many possible sources for the aforementioned stochastic production variations. Fitting measured magnet variations to simulation models with the aim of describing the occurring production deviations, however, poses a problem due to two reasons: to begin with, only data of measured flux-densities are available. Second, a solution of the inverse problem is required to obtain data about changes inside the magnet. This paper, therefore, presents two solutions to this problem.

Design/methodology/approach
– Two error-models, one based on knowledge about the magnetisation process, the other one built upon principal component analysis, are presented. Both models are evaluated by parametrising them, using a set of measured flux-density data from magnets. Afterwards, each model's applicability and reproduction quality is assessed.

Findings
– Both models still have some drawbacks. While the first model seems to be too coarse grained for certain variations, the second model lacks applicability for a high reproduction quality.

Originality/value
– The comparison of both methods reveals guidelines, which methodology should be applied for predicting which variations. Furthermore, solutions are shown, how to mitigate the problems of the two presented models.
Thermo inductive nondestructive testing method applied to CFRP
Authors: Kien Bui Huu , Wasselynck Guillaume , Trichet Didier , Fouladgar Javad , Ramdane Brahim , Berthiau Gérard 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– In this paper, a thermo inductive nondestructing testing (NDT) modeling applied to carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite is presented. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– A multi-scale approach is used to calculate the electromagnetic and thermal field distribution.

Findings
– The temperature perturbation due to the presence of flaws can be detected at the surface of the composite by an infrared camera.

Originality/value
– The developed 3D thermomagnetic model can be used to study the efficiency of the thermal inductive method for different kind of flaws, inductors and frequencies.
A split-step-scheme-based precise integration time domain method for solving wave equation
Authors: Liu Qi , Ma Xikui , Bai Zhongming , Zhuansun Xu 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to present a modified precise integration time domain (PITD) method for the numerical solution of 2D scalar wave equation.

Design/methodology/approach
– The split step (SS) scheme is applied to factorize the conventional PITD calculation into two sub-steps procedures and then field components can be updated along one spatial direction only in each sub-step. The perfectly matched layer (PML) absorber is extended to this method for modeling open region problems by using the stretched coordinate approach.

Findings
– It is shown that this method requires less computation time and storage space in comparison with the conventional PITD method, yet maintains the numerical stability despite using large time steps.

Research limitations/implications
– The WE-PITD method requires the divergence free region, which may be a limit on its usage. Hence, there is a challenge of using this technique in the 3D problems.

Originality/value
– Based on the SS scheme, the PITD method is used to solve the scale wave equation rather than Maxwell's equations, leading to a significant reduction in the computation time and memory usage.
Simplified analysis of iron loss in three-phase transformer considering rotating loss
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Yanli , Xie Dexin , Bai Baodong 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– A simplified method for calculating iron loss of three-phase transformer is proposed in this paper. The rotating iron loss measured from 2-D vector magnetic property measurement system of gain-oriented silicon steel sheet can be taken into account in this method. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The finite element analysis formulation is combined with the magnetic reluctivity model expressed by diagonal tensor for 2-D nonlinear and anisotropic magnetic problem, while the iron loss is computed in terms of the interpolation of rotational loss curves measured under various loci of controlled magnetic flux density B.

Findings
– The iron loss of three-phase transformer is obtained by the proposed method. And the calculating iron loss is verified with experimental results.

Originality/value
– The method presented in this paper enables the iron loss of three-phase transformer to be more accurately calculated and more easily applied, considering the rotational iron loss.
Studies on numerical methodologies for inverse problems and optimizations in China
Authors: Yang Shiyou , Ho S.L. , Yao Yingying , Liu Lei , Wu Lie 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential challenges in developing numerical methodologies for inverse problems and optimizations.

Design/methodology/approach
– Summarizing previous research results mainly contributed by two research groups of Zhejiang University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University.

Findings
– Computational intelligence plays an essential role in studying inverse problems and optimizations.

Originality/value
– An up-to-date review on the current status of numerical methodologies, especially computational intelligences, for inverse problems and optimizations contributed by Chinese researchers.
Induced voltage analysis of superconducting fault current limiter
Authors: Wang Zhigao , Wang Shuhong , Qiu Jie , Gong Weizhi , Zhang Jingyin 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– Saturated core type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) can effectively limit the short-circuit current in power system. However, the high induced voltage will occur between the terminals of DC superconducting bias winding caused by the variation of magnetic flux linked by DC winding due to the increasing short-circuit current. The DC source may be damaged. Thus, the induced voltage should be considered in DC winding design. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Three-dimensional finite element method coupled with electric circuit.

Findings
– The short-circuit current flowing through AC windings and induced voltage of DC winding are analyzed by using three-dimensional finite element method coupled with electric circuit for a 220-kV three-phase SFCL. Several circuit elements, such as a capacitor connected with DC winding in parallel, an additional short-circuit winding wound around DC core column and an energy-released piezoresistor, are, respectively, used for induced voltage reduction. These methods aim to save magnetic coupled energy in DC winding, or oppose the variation of magnetic flux, or limit the voltage of DC winding by using a resistor with low resistance.

Originality/value
– The different methods for reduction of induced voltage of superconducting DC winding are studied and discussed. The decreased induced voltage may benefit the safety of superconducting DC winding and the source.
Multi-dipole modeling of XLPE cable for electromagnetic field studies in large power systems
Authors: Barzegaran Mohammadreza , A. Mohammed Osama 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
– In this paper, modeling of the XLPE cable for electromagnetic signature study at a far distance is proposed. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Due to the very small ratio of the dimensions of cables to the dimensions of the whole system, using actual geometry of the cables with all layers in this study causes deformation of the cable's model. Therefore, multi-dipole modeling is used for modeling the cables.

Findings
– This model includes specific voltages and currents in lines and nodes, respectively. Radiated electric and magnetic fields at a far distance are selected as the index of appropriateness of the model.

Originality/value
– In order to investigate the accuracy of the model, various configuration of the cable is studied. Additionally, coupling of the cable with an electrical machine is investigated. They all show that the equivalent models can be used in place of the actual model for signature studies.
Improving efficiency for post-disaster transitional housing in Indonesia
Authors: Yau Nie-Jia , Tsai Ming-Kuan , Nurma Yulita Eryani 
Published: February 2014

Purpose– Natural hazards occur frequently in Indonesia. When post-disaster recovery is prolonged and complicated, it is necessary to provide accommodations for homeless refugees in disaster areas. Since a transitional housing solution includes planning, design and execution phases, the design phase implements the decisions made in the planning phase and also affects the results of the execution phase. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to assist communities to effectively deal with various processes during the design phase involving transitional housing solutions.Design/methodology/approach– Based on eight factors associated with “building back better” and ten principles of transitional housing, the paper identified three problems in the design phase: inappropriate selection of settlement sites, improper representation of housing facilities and ineffective scheduling of construction projects. To resolve these problems, this study integrated a geographic information system (GIS), three-dimensional (3D) building models and construction project management tools to assess settlement sites, confirm housing facilities and configure construction projects, respectively.Findings– After this study tested conventional methods (e.g. paper-based maps, drawings, reports) and the proposed approach, the results revealed that communities can appropriately determine settlement sites based on the GIS. The 3D building models enabled the communities to understand the external and internal layouts of housing facilities. Through construction project management, the communities could consider construction activities immediately when preparing the execution phase for transitional housing solutions.Originality/value– This study offers a useful reference for similar applications in post-disaster reconstruction and management.
Perception of delayed environmental risks: beyond time discounting
Authors: Liu Yang , Xie Charlene , She Shengxiang 
Published: February 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this research is to explore the effect of time delay on the perception of environmental risks beyond time discounting, and thus provide a reference for effective communication related to environment and environmental risks.Design/methodology/approach– Ten risk scenarios across four time delay conditions were designed. Computer program randomly presented different risk scenarios to student subjects. Risk perception was measured through equivalent certain loss elicited by bi-section method. In all, 50 students from Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School participated in the experiment.Findings– Time delay makes the subjects optimistic toward environmental risk with the exclusion of time discounting. The more distant in time the occurrence of an environmental risk, the less in intensity subjects will perceive it as a severe threat. Also, there is a noticeable difference in environmental risk perception between males and females.Research limitations/implications– This tentative research focusses on exploring the existence of time delay effect on environmental risk perception. Only student subjects are recruited for this research. Future studies are needed to extend the population to people of different backgrounds in order to generalize the finding.Practical implications– Current ethical appeal of zero social discount rate is unlikely to be effective. Time delay effect in people's environmental risk perception should be acknowledged. Such an acknowledgement is the basis of trust in risk communication. Communication effort needs to address this time delay effect to make people alert to long-term environmental risks, and eventually change their environmental behaviors.Originality/value– The explorative research represents the first attempt to investigate the effect of time delay on environmental risk perception when time discounting is excluded. It suggests a new direction to understand public optimism toward delayed environmental risks, and reluctance to take proactive actions, and thus offers a new insight into related communication efforts.
Developing a HospiSE scale for hospital service excellence
Authors: Ho Voon Boo , Abdullah Firdaus , Lee Nagarajah , Kueh Karen 
Published: February 2014

Purpose– This empirical survey research aims to identify the dimensions of service excellence culture for hospitals. Ultimately, a measurement tool was developed for hospital service excellence (i.e. HospiSE scale).Design/methodology/approach– The survey research involved qualitative and quantitative approaches in the scale development process. The structured questionnaire was carefully designed after literature review and focus groups discussions. The respondents were employees from the public and private hospitals in Malaysia. A total of 1,558 usable questionnaires were used for the quantitative analysis. The HospiSE scale was empirically tested for reliability and validity through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.Findings– This measurement-oriented research had identified three dimensions of service excellence culture for hospitals, namely: employee orientation, patient orientation and competitor orientation. The multi-dimensional measure consists of 21 items.Research limitations/implications– Longitudinal research is required to provide evidence of the causal effects of HospiSE on employee satisfaction and loyalty. The HospiSE scale also requires further verification and refinement.Practical implications– The parsimonious scale can serve as a strategic and practical measure to evaluate and manage service excellence culture at hospitals. Reliable and valid information can be obtained for fast and cost-effective diagnosis of the service culture for continuous improvement.Social implications– The new scale is expected to be an important diagnostic to understand and measure service excellence culture at hospitals. The patients and society at large will benefit from the improved hospital service management.Originality/value– The multi-item measurement tool is new and it can provide insights into service management, resource allocation and human resource management for excellent hospital service. The measurement development process is contextualized for the hospital services.