bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of germination capacity of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby by seed priming techniques
Authors: Kurucz E. , Fári M. G. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Sida hermephrodita or Virginia mallow is a perspective perennial herb in the Malvaceae family able to yield a biomass crop through the last two decades. Additionally, the plants have a lot of uses and benefits for instance it can be used as a fodder crop, honey crop, ornamental plant in public gardens. It has favourable features for example fast growing and resistance against the disease and climatic fluctuations, etc. Since Sida is in the beginning phase of domestication, it has a serious disadvantage: the low and slow germination as a big part of wild plants. Due to the expressly low germination percent, the need of seed showing of driller should tenfold 200 thousand seeds/acre instead of 10–20 thousand, which is not available and expensive. Therefore the practical purpose of our research of seed physiology was to increase the seed germination percent in the available, basically wild Sida population. In the first stage of our experiments we examined two factors relating to seed germination percent and seed germination power during our research: the influence of hot water treatment and the effect of exogenous or endogenous infection of seeds. However, in our germination tests, utilizing the scarified seeds with hot water (65, 80 and 95 °C), from 29.3% to 46% germinated from those samples, which were collected from the population of S. hermaphrodita in Debrecen. The average germination for all season was 5–10% without treatment and rinsed using hot water up to almost 50%. When applying physically scarified use, the oldest seeds showed the best germination (46%) after the hot water operation in spite of the previous studies. We discovered that there is a close relationship between the collecting time of the seeds and the ration of seed infections, as well as germination percentage. Thus, the 2009 season was the most favourable in case of contamination (control: 17.3% and 80 °C treatment: 0%) as well as germination percent. It could be concluded that the best season for our findings was 2009 due to autumn harvest of Sida seeds. In our opinion, the autumn harvesting should be the best time to overcome the problem of the low germination and high infection percentage. We also discovered that apparently there is a close relationship between the seed fresh weight or water uptake capability and the percentage of infection. Following these recognitions, we modified our technique in such a way that we fractionated the seeds based on their fresh weight / or relative density before we carried out the treatment. When we filtered the floating seeds on the surface of water, the hot water treatment was performed considerably better on the sunk seeds after separation. Therefore by this special priming process, we were able to reach 80% germination capacity of Virgina mallow seeds under laboratory conditions (26 °C without illumination).
A Comparison of Fospropofol to Midazolam for Moderate Sedation During Outpatient Dental Procedures
Authors: Yen Philip , Prior Simon , Riley Cara , Johnston William , Smiley Megann , Thikkurissy Sarat 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Moderate intravenous (IV) sedation combined with local anesthesia is common for outpatient oral surgery procedures. An ideal sedative agent must be safe and well tolerated by patients and practitioners. This study evaluated fospropofol, a relatively new sedative/hypnotic, in comparison to midazolam, a commonly used benzodiazepine, for IV moderate sedation during oral and maxillofacial surgery. Sixty patients were randomly assigned to either the fospropofol or the midazolam group. Each participant received 1 μg/kg of fentanyl prior to administration of the selected sedative. Those in the fospropofol group received an initial dose of 6.5 mg/kg, with 1.6 mg/kg supplemental doses as needed. Those in the midazolam group received initial doses of 0.05 mg/kg, followed by 0.02 mg/kg supplemental doses. The quality of sedation in each patient was evaluated with regard to (a) onset of sedation, maintenance, and recovery profile; (b) patient and surgeon satisfaction; and (c) hemodynamic stability and adverse effects. The fospropofol group demonstrated shorter physical recovery times than midazolam patients, taking a mean of 11.6 minutes versus 18.4 minutes for physical recovery (P = .007). Cognitive recovery comparison did not find any difference with a mean of 7.5 minutes versus 8.8 minutes between the 2 drug groups (P = .123). The fospropofol group had a higher rate of local anesthetic injection recall (90.5 vs 44.4%, P = .004). Other parameters of recall were comparable. Two adverse effects demonstrated significance, with more patients in the midazolam group experiencing tachycardia (48.2 vs 9.4%, P = .001), and more patients in the fospropofol group experiencing perineal discomfort (40.6 vs 0, P < .001). No significant difference was found in any other measures of sedation safety, maintenance, or satisfaction. Fospropofol, when administered intravenously by a dentist anesthesiologist at the indicated dose in this study, appears to be a safe, well-tolerated alternative to midazolam for intravenous moderate sedation during minor oral surgery procedures.
Three Newly Approved Analgesics: An Update
Authors: Saraghi Mana , Hersh Elliot V. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Since 2008, three new analgesic entities, tapentadol immediate release (Nucynta) diclofenac potassium soft gelatin capsules (Zipsor), and bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension (EXPAREL) were granted US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval to treat acute pain. Tapentadol immediate-release is a both a mu-opioid agonist and a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Diclofenac potassium soft gelatin capsules are a novel formulation of diclofenac potassium, which is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and its putative mechanism of action is through inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes. This novel formulation of diclofenac allows for improved absorption at lower doses. Liposomal bupivacaine is a new formulation of bupivacaine intended for single-dose infiltration at the surgical site for postoperative analgesia. Bupivacaine is slowly released from this liposomal vehicle and can provide prolonged analgesia at the surgical site. By utilizing NSAIDs and local anesthetics to decrease the transmission of afferent pain signals, less opioid analgesics are needed to achieve analgesia. Since drug-related adverse events are frequently dose related, lower doses from different drug classes may be employed to reduce the incidence of adverse effects, while producing synergistic analgesia as part of a multimodal analgesic approach to acute pain.
Drug Allergies and Implications for Dental Practice
Authors: Becker Daniel E. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Adverse reactions to medications prescribed or administered in dental practice can be worrying. Most of these reactions are somewhat predictable based on the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug. Others, such as allergic and pseudoallergic reactions, are generally unpredictable and unrelated to normal drug action. This article will review immune and nonimmune-mediated mechanisms that account for allergic and related reactions to the particular drug classes commonly used in dentistry. The appropriate management of these reactions will also be addressed.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Prototheca zopfii isolated from bovine mastitis
Authors: Wawron Władysław , Bochniarz Mariola , Piech Tomasz , Wysocki Jerzy , Kocik Marcin 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the susceptibility of algae of the genus Prototheca to antifungal and antibacterial antibiotics. The study involved 27 isolates of Prototheca zopfii obtained from milk of mastitis-affected cows kept in a detached cowshed in the North-Eastern part of Poland. Analysis of P. zopfii susceptibility has demonstrated low effectiveness of both antifungal and antibacterial antibiotics. All algae isolated from milk were resistant to clotrimazole, fluconazole, econazole, flucytosine, cefoperazone, cephalexin, enrofloxacin, lincomycin, and oxytetracycline (100% of resistant isolates), as well as miconazole (92.6% of resistant isolates). Nystatin, ketoconazole, and amphotericin B showed the highest activity amongst the antifungal antibiotics (88.9% and 0.0%, 51.9% and 22.2%, 0.0% and 48.1% of susceptible and intermediate susceptible isolates, respectively). In the group of antibacterial antibiotics, the high activity against P. zopfii was observed only in the case of gentamicin, kanamycin (96.3% and 92.6% of susceptible isolates, respectively), and polymyxin B (59.3% of susceptible and 33.3% of intermediate susceptible isolates).
ERIC-based differentiation and antimicrobial susceptibility of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 isolated from animals serologically positive and negative for brucellosis
Authors: Weiner Marcin 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper presents the results of genotypic differentiation and antimicrobial susceptibility of Y. enterocolitica O:9 isolates that originated from cows and pigs positive in serological reactions for brucellosis, and also from the animals, which were serologically negative. The genetic relationship between Y. enterocolitica O:9 isolates originating from different sources was determined by the use of ERIC-PCR, and resulted in detection of 6 to 13 DNA amplicons of different size. The clonal analysis was based on dendrogram created by Unweighted Pair Group Method with arithmetic mean and Jaccard’s coefficient, which enabled to divide Y. enterocolitica O:9 isolates into 16 different clonal groups. Among all Y. enterocolitica O:9, MIC value was >32 mg/L for the ampicillin, ≤0.008 mg/L for ciprofloxacin, ≤8 mg/L for sulphametoxazole, ≤2 mg/L for colistin, and ≤1 mg/L for tetracycline. The wide range of MIC for ceftazidime (≤0.25-2 mg/L) and cefotaxime (≤0.06-1 mg/L) among Y. enterocolitica O:9 isolates was also observed. No significant differences were observed between MIC values of Y. enterocolitica O:9 isolates originating from animals serologically positive for brucellosis, and the isolates from cows and pigs, which provided serologically negative reactions.
Official control of ochratoxin A in food of animal origin in Poland between 2003 and 2012
Authors: Wiśniewska-Dmytrow Henryka , Żmudzki Jan , Burek Olga , Pietruszka Katarzyna 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Between 2003 and 2012, 1413 samples of kidneys, liver, and muscles from swine, cattle, sheep, horses, chickens, turkeys, geese, ducks, and fish were examined for the presence of ochratoxin A. The examination was performed in the framework of “The National Residue Control Programme for Chemical, Biological, and Drug Residue in Animal Tissues and in the Food of Animal Origin”. The mycotoxin was determined by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity column clean up. The limit of quantification was 0.2 μg/kg. Ochratoxin A was found only in swine kidney samples (n = 1092). It was detected in 28.8% of the kidney samples at the concentrations from 0.2 to 29.2 μg/kg. The most of the samples (25.5%) contained OTA at the concentration ranging from 0.2 to 5 μg/kg, which is below the provisional action level for OTA in kidneys, established in Poland at the concentration of 5 μg/kg. Furthermore, 24 (2.2 ) samples had mycotoxin concentrations between 5 and 10 μg/kg and 13 (1.2 ) samples above 10 μg/kg.
Concentrations of toxic elements in tissues of slaughtered animals and cow’s milk - a five year study
Authors: Szkoda Józef , Żmudzki Jan , Nawrocka Agnieszka , Kmiecik Mirosława 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the contamination of animal muscle, liver, and milk with lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic. Determination of the elements was carried out using several techniques of atomic absorption spectrometry. Between 2008 and 2012, samples of muscles and liver from 1305 cattle, 2345 pigs, 758 horses (only muscles), 1721 poultry (chickens, turkeys, geese, ducks), and 736 samples of raw milk were collected. Only 48 (0.7%) samples exceeded the maximum acceptable levels of the elements, especially lead and cadmium. In the case of lead, the highest number of samples exceeding the legal limits was found in muscles of pigs (6), where the maximum value reached 0.376 mg/kg. For cadmium, the highest number of samples (22) with values exceeding legal limits was found in muscles of horses. The cadmium content in muscles of horses, at both the mean (0.052 mg/kg) and median (0.023 mg/kg), was in order of magnitude higher than that observed in cattle and pigs. Small percentage of samples with values exceeding the maximum levels of toxic elements in food of animal origin indicates a low risk for the consumers’ health.
DNA based approaches for the detection and identification of bovine meat and bone meal in feeds
Authors: Weiner Anna , Gołębiowska Agata , Paprocka Ilona , Kwiatek Krzysztof 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to present the results of comparative evaluation of the usefulness of PCR method for the detection and identification of bovine DNA in feeds. In the validation study, the limit of detection for PCR was determined as 0.05% for bovine meat and bone meal (MBM). Among 132 feed samples, bovine DNA was detected in eight (6.06%) samples. In the next stage of the study, sediment and flotate from the investigated samples were examined with PCR. Out of 132 sediment and flotate samples, bovine DNA was detected in eight (6.06%) and nine (6.82%) samples, respectively. On the basis of the results obtained with the use of the PCR, it is possible to state that the molecular biology methods can, at present, be used as supplementary tools for detection and identification of bovine MBM.
Effect of linseed, rapeseed, and vitamin E long term supplementation on the activity of the lysosomal enzymes in ostrich liver
Authors: Jóźwik Artur , Polawska Ewa , Strzałkowska Nina , Niemczuk Krzysztof , Łysek-Gładysińska Małgorzata , Kamińska Agnieszka , Michalczuk Monika 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the activity of lysosomal enzymes: aminopeptidases, including alanine aminopeptidase (AlaAP), leucine aminopeptidase (LeuAP), arginine aminopeptidase (ArgAP), and glycosidases, such as β-galactosidase (BGAL), β-glucuronidase (BGRD), β-glucosidase (BGLU), N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase (HEX), α-glucosidase (AGLU) and α-mannosidase (MAN) in the liver of ostriches (n = 80) fed diet supplemented with linseed (4% and 8%) and rapeseed (5% and 10%), with low and high level of vitamin E. (40 and 100 mg). The results indicate that higher level of vitamin E or 4% linseed supplementation in ostrich diet generally increase the activity of glycosidase enzymes and decrease the activity of aminopeptidases in the liver. The 8% linseed and rapeseeds feeding in decreased the activity of AlaAP, LeuAP, and ArgAP and increased only the activity of BGLU.
Influence of fluoroquinolones on viability of Balb/c 3T3 and HepG2 cells
Authors: Radko Lidia , Minta Maria , Stypuła-Trębas Sylwia 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The cytotoxic potential of fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, sarafloxacin, danofloxacin, norfloxacin and marbofloxacin) was investigated using mouse fibroblasts Balb/c 3T3 and human hepatoma HepG2 cell lines. The cells were exposed for 24, 48, and 72 h to drugs at eight concentrations ranged from 0.78 to 100 μg/mL. Four independent cytotoxicity assays were applied, in which various endpoints were assessed: mitochondrial activity - MTT reduction, lysosomal activity - neutral red uptake, total protein content, and cellular membrane integrity - lactate dehydrogenase release. Mean effective cytotoxic concentrations (EC50) calculated at different time points from concentration-response curves ranged from 10 to 100 μg/mL. The most affected endpoint in both cell lines was mitochondrial activity. The EC50-MTT-72 h <10 μg/mL was found for difloxacin, marbofloxacin (fibroblasts), sarafloxacin, and norfloxacin (HepG2). The data shows that cytotoxicity of the fluoroquinolones appears after longer exposure of both cell cultures to these compounds.
Prevalence and characterisation of Salmonella in slaughtered cattle and beef in Poland
Authors: Wieczorek Kinga , Osek Jacek 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A total of 1229 samples, including 406 bovine hides and 406 corresponding carcasses at the slaughter level, as well as 417 beef meat from local supermarkets, were tested for the presence of Salmonella sp. Eighteen (1.5%) samples were positive for the target microorganism, and the highest prevalence (2.2%) was found in meat, followed by carcasses (1.2%) and hides (1.0%). Among the isolated strains, Salmonella enterica serotypes Enteritidis (six isolates) and Schleissheim (six strains), followed by Dublin (four contaminated samples) were the most predominant. The antimicrobial resistance analysis against nine antimicrobials with the MIC technique revealed that most isolates were sensitive to all antibacterial agents. However, one S. Typhimurium of carcass origin was multidrug resistant, and displayed the resistance to four antimicrobials, i.e. ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and sulphametoxazole. Furthermore, one S. Enteritidis (from carcasses), two S. Dublin (of beef origin), and one S. London (from meat) strains were resistant to sulphametoxazole. The restriction enzyme analysis with XbaI resulted in eight different PFGE types. The obtained results suggest that cattle may be an underestimated source of pathogenic Salmonella for consumers.
Autonomic Properties in Traffic Control
Authors: Stoilova Krasimira , Stoilov Todor , Nikolov Konstantin 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The operation of a complex system like a transportation network is considered with respect to the opportunities to identify the application of autonomic properties. The autonomic features of self-properties are analyzed. A multilevel approach is suggested for the formalization of the transport operation. The integration of relevant optimization problems is also considered in the framework of a multilevel, hierarchical scheme of control. The application of bi-level formalism in the transportation systems gives quantitative assessment of the control processes in the traffic control system. The multilevel approach allows the increase of the solution space of a complex optimization problem with an additional traffic control variable, which in the classical optimal formalization participates with fixed parameters in the optimization problem. The benefit of the multilevel control approach is tested in a real network of crossroad sections.
An Efficient Algorithm for Determining the Set of All Reductive Attributes in Incomplete Decision Tables
Authors: Demetrovics Janos , Thi Vu Duc , Giang Nguyen Long 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In rough set theory, the number of all reducts for a given decision table can be exponential with respect to the number of attributes. This paper investigates the problem of determining the set of all reductive attributes which are present in at least one reduct of an incomplete decision table. We theoretically prove that this problem can be solved in polynomial time. This result shows that the problem of determining the union of all reducts can be solved in polynomial time, and the problem of determining the set of all redundant attributes which are not present in any reducts can also be solved in polynomial time.
An Improved Inter-Domain Handover Scheme Based on a Bidirectional Cooperative Relay
Authors: Yang Jianbo , Ji Xinsheng 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In the process of inter-domain handover, according to the partner-based hierarchical mobile IPv6 protocol (PHMIPv6), the longer configuration time for a new care-of-address may cause an interrupt in the current wireless connections and cause higher handover latency and packet loss rate. This paper proposes an improved handover mechanism based on PHMIPv6, named B-CDHO. A fPN and bPN are defined respectively in B-CDHO as cooperative relay nodes during the handover process. fPN can get the new care-of-address instead of a mobile terminal before the handover triggers and bPN can avoid connection interrupt if the prehandover time is longer. The analysis and simulation results both show that B-CDHO can reduce the handover latency and packet loss in comparison to HMIPv6 and PHMIPv6 in case the pre-handover delay is longer.
SPECIFIC ASPECTS IN SEISMIC DESIGN OF TALL REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS
Authors: Zăvoianu Adrian , Pascu Radu 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Tall buildings present some specific aspects influencing the modeling and response to seismic loads. Therefore, the design rules recommended in codes, calibrated for low and medium rise buildings, are not appropriate for design of tall buildings. Other rules are needed, and performance based design represents a viable alternative for tall buildings. In this paper a methodology for the design of tall structures is proposed and it is illustrated trough a case study for a structure with perimeter tube and interior core walls, which aims to identify the particularities regarding the design, behavior and the parameters that define the post elastic behavior at the global and local level, for this structures.
Neural Network Based Real-time Correction of Transducer Dynamic Errors
Authors: Roj J. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In order to carry out real-time dynamic error correction of transducers described by a linear differential equation, a novel recurrent neural network was developed. The network structure is based on solving this equation with respect to the input quantity when using the state variables. It is shown that such a real-time correction can be carried out using simple linear perceptrons. Due to the use of a neural technique, knowledge of the dynamic parameters of the transducer is not necessary. Theoretical considerations are illustrated by the results of simulation studies performed for the modeled second order transducer. The most important properties of the neural dynamic error correction, when emphasizing the fundamental advantages and disadvantages, are discussed.
Numerical Analysis of Isotropy Electromagnetic Sensor Measurement Error
Authors: Harťanský R. , Smieško V. , Maršálka L. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The article deals with classification and quantification of electromagnetic field measurement errors in case an isotropic sensor as a field probe is used. The focus is mainly on the error of measurement method, resulting from mutual interaction of the field probe sensors associated with the origin of the so-called mutual impedance.
Characterization of intermediate values of the triangle inequality II
Authors: Sano Hiroki , Izumida Tamotsu , Mitani Ken-Ichi , Ohwada Tomoyoshi , Saito Kichi-Suke 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In [Mineno K., Nakamura Y., Ohwada T., Characterization of the intermediate values of the triangle inequality, Math. Inequal. Appl., 2012, 15(4), 1019–1035] there was established a norm inequality which characterizes all intermediate values of the triangle inequality, i.e. C
n that satisfy 0 ≤ C
n ≤ Σj=1n ‖x
j‖ − ‖Σj=1n
x
j‖, x
1,...,x
n ∈ X. Here we study when this norm inequality attains equality in strictly convex Banach spaces.