bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthodontic extrusion with fixed appliances for treatment of intrusive luxation injuries: A prospective study of 28 permanent maxillary incisors
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Wang Nan , Gao Xuemei , Qin Man 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited evidence exists on the treatment options of tooth repositioning after intrusive luxation.AimThe study aimed to investigate the outcomes and complications of orthodontic extrusion in treating intruded maxillary permanent incisors.DesignA prospective study was conducted involving 28 intruded maxillary permanent incisors treated with orthodontic extrusion, compared with a retrospective control group of 29 teeth that underwent spontaneous re‐eruption. The success rate of tooth repositioning, as well as pulp condition, periodontal healing, and root development were assessed and compared.ResultsThe success rate of orthodontic extrusion was 96.4%, excluding one tooth that was ankylosed before treatment. There were no significant differences in pulp condition between the orthodontic extrusion and control groups for teeth with immature root development. Teeth with mature root development in the orthodontic group, however, showed a significantly higher rate of pulp necrosis (100%, p < .05). Periodontal healing outcomes were similar across both groups, regardless of the maturity of root development. The root length continued increasing during orthodontic extrusion treatment.ConclusionsOrthodontic extrusion treatment could effectively reposition moderately to severely intrusive permanent incisors, without increasing the risk of complications compared with spontaneous re‐eruption.
Health and oral health literacy: A comprehensive literature review from theory to practice
Authors: Alzahrani Ahmed Y. , El Meligy Omar , Bahdila Dania , Aljawi Rabab , Bamashmous Nada O. , Almushayt Abdullah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealth literacy (HL) refers to an individual's ability to access, understand, and apply health information to make informed decisions about their health. On the contrary, oral health literacy (OHL) focuses on an individual's ability to understand and utilize oral health information to maintain good oral health.AimThis study presents a comprehensive literature review that explores the theoretical foundations and practical applications of HL and OHL.DesignA comprehensive search was conducted using keywords on the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.ResultsThe existing literature on various aspects of HL, including the most common used definitions of HL, conceptual frameworks, and consequences of limited health and OHL, was summarized. Additionally, the review discussed the significance of HL and OHL. Also, the relation between parent level of OHL and children's oral health was described. It further highlights modern approaches that have been shown in previous studies to improve the OHL of primary caregivers.ConclusionsUnderstanding the significance of HL and OHL is crucial in developing effective interventions that can address disparities and improve oral health outcomes for individuals of all backgrounds.
Nosema bombycis: A remarkable unicellular parasite infecting insects
Authors: Huang Qingyuan , Hu Wanying , Meng Xianzhi , Chen Jie , Pan Guoqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMicrosporidia are opportunistic fungal‐like pathogens that cause microsporidiosis, which results in significant economic losses and threatens public health. Infection of domesticated silkworms by the microsporidium Nosema bombycis causes pébrine disease, for which this species of microsporidia has received much attention. Research has been conducted extensively on this microsporidium over the past few decades to better understand its infection, transmission, host–parasite interaction, and detection. Several tools exist to study this species including the complete genome sequence of N. bombycis. In addition to the understanding of N. bombycis being important for the silkworm industry, this species has become a model organism for studying microsporidia. Research on biology of N. bombycis will contribute to the development of knowledge regarding microsporidia and potential antimicrosporidia drugs. Furthermore, this will provide insight into the molecular evolution and functioning of other fungal pathogens.
Effect of low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound on the mineralization of force‐treated cementoblasts and orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption via the Lamin A/C‐Yes associated protein axis
Authors: Zheng Fu , Wu Tong , Wang Feifei , Tang Hongyi , Cui Xinyu , Liu Duo , Chen Peng , Fu Jiangfeng , Li Cuiying , Jiang Jiuhui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsOrthodontic treatment commonly results in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR). This condition arises from excessive orthodontic force, which triggerslocal inflammatory responses and impedes cementoblasts' mineralization capacity. Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) shows potential in reducing OIIRR. However, the precise mechanisms through which LIPUS reduces OIIRR remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms of LIPUS on the mineralization of force‐treated cementoblasts and its impact on OIIRR.MethodsWe established a rat OIIRR model and locally administered LIPUS stimulation for 7 and 14 days. We analyzed root resorption volume, osteoclast differentiation, and the expression of osteocalcin and yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT), hematoxylin and eosin, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining. In vitro, we applied compressive force and LIPUS to the immortalized mouse cementoblasts (OCCM30). We assessed mineralization using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining.ResultsIn rats, LIPUS reduced OIIRR, as evidenced by micro‐CT analysis and histological staining. In vitro, LIPUS enhanced mineralization of force‐treated OCCM30 cells, as indicated by ALP and alizarin red staining, upregulated mRNA expression of mineralization‐related genes, and increased protein expression of mineralization markers. Mechanistically, LIPUS activated YAP1 signaling via the cytoskeleton‐Lamin A/C pathway, supported by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that LIPUS promotes mineralization in force‐treated cementoblasts and reduces OIIRR by activating YAP1 through the cytoskeletal‐Lamin A/C signaling pathway. These findings provide fresh insights into how LIPUS benefits orthodontic treatment and suggest potential strategies for preventing and treating OIIRR.
The Role of Cognates and Language Distance in Simultaneous Bilingual Children's Productive Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Koutamanis Elly , Kootstra Gerrit Jan , Dijkstra Ton , Unsworth Sharon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study examined the influence of cognate status and language distance on simultaneous bilingual children's vocabulary acquisition. It aimed to tease apart effects of word‐level similarities and language‐level similarities, while also exploring the role of individual‐level variation in age, exposure, and nontarget language proficiency. Children simultaneously acquiring two closely related languages (n = 203) or two more distant languages (n = 109) performed extended versions of the LITMUS Cross‐Linguistic Lexical Task (Haman et al., 2015), a productive vocabulary test with words varying in their phonological similarity to their translation equivalents. Children speaking closely related languages obtained higher vocabulary scores than children speaking more distant languages, who showed a stronger positive effect of phonological similarity. The effect of language distance on vocabulary was not solely driven by the presence of (near‐)identical cognates in the test. These findings show that similarities beyond specific test items and/or beyond the phonological level play a role in vocabulary acquisition.
Racial and ethnic disparities in the natural history of alcohol‐associated liver disease in the United States
Authors: Ayares Gustavo , Díaz Luis Antonio , Fuentes‐López Eduardo , Idalsoaga Francisco , Cotter Thomas G. , Dunn Winston , Simonetto Douglas , Shah Vijay H. , Kamath Patrick S. , Lazarus Jeffrey V. , Bataller Ramon , Arrese Marco , Wong Robert J. , Singal Ashwani K. , Arab Juan Pablo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundOutcomes in alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) are influenced by several race and ethnic factors, yet its natural history across the continuum of patients in different stages of the disease is unknown.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of U.S. adults from 2011 to 2018, using three nationally representative databases to examine potential disparities in relevant outcomes among racial and ethnic groups. Our analysis included logistic and linear regressions, along with competing risk analysis.ResultsBlack individuals had the highest daily alcohol consumption (12.6 g/day) while Hispanic participants had the largest prevalence of heavy episodic drinking (33.5%). In a multivariable‐adjusted model, Hispanic and Asian participants were independently associated with a higher ALD prevalence compared to Non‐Hispanic White interviewees (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–1.8 and OR: 1.5 95% CI:1.1–2.0, respectively), while Blacks participants had a lower ALD prevalence (OR: .7 95% CI: .6–.9), and a lower risk of mortality during hospitalization due to ALD (OR: .83 95% CI: .73–.94). Finally, a multivariate competing‐risk analysis showed that Hispanic ethnicity had a decreased probability of liver transplantation if waitlisted for ALD (SHR: .7, 95% CI: .6–.8) along with female Asian population (HR: .40, 95% CI: .26–.62).ConclusionsAfter accounting for key social and biological health determinants, the Hispanic population showed an increased risk of ALD prevalence, even with lower alcohol consumption. Additionally, Hispanic and Asian female patients had reduced access to liver transplantation compared to other enlisted patients.
Dynamic soil hydraulic resistance regulates stomata
Authors: Manandhar Anju , Rimer Ian M. , Soares Pereira Talitha , Pichaco Javier , Rockwell Fulton E. , McAdam Scott A. M. 
Published: August 2024

Summary

The onset of stomatal closure reduces transpiration during drought. In seed plants, drought causes declines in plant water status which increases leaf endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels required for stomatal closure. There are multiple possible points of increased belowground resistance in the soil–plant atmospheric continuum that could decrease leaf water potential enough to trigger ABA production and the subsequent decreases in transpiration.

We investigate the dynamic patterns of leaf ABA levels, plant hydraulic conductance and the point of failure in the soil–plant conductance in the highly embolism‐resistant species Callitris tuberculata using continuous dendrometer measurements of leaf water potential during drought.

We show that decreases in transpiration and ABA biosynthesis begin before any permanent decreases in predawn water potential, collapse in soil–plant hydraulic pathway and xylem embolism spread.

We find that a dynamic but recoverable increases in hydraulic resistance in the soil in close proximity to the roots is the most likely driver of declines in midday leaf water potential needed for ABA biosynthesis and the onset of decreases in transpiration.
The association between excess weight and COVID‐19 outcomes: An umbrella review
Authors: Matu Jamie , Griffiths Alex , Shannon Oliver M. , Jones Andrew , Day Rhiannon , Radley Duncan , Feeley Alison , Mabbs Lisa , Blackshaw Jamie , Sattar Naveed , Ells Louisa 
Published: August 2024

SummaryThis umbrella review assessed the association between excess weight and COVID‐19 outcomes. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were systematically searched for reviews that assessed the association between excess weight and COVID‐19 outcomes. A second‐order meta‐analysis was conducted on the available data for intensive care unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation administration, disease severity, hospitalization, and mortality. The quality of included reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR‐2 appraisal tool. In total, 52 systematic reviews were included, 49 of which included meta‐analyses. The risk of severe outcomes (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.70 to 2.05), intensive care unit admission (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.45 to 1.72), invasive mechanical ventilation administration (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.57 to 1.83), hospitalization (OR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.61 to 2.05), and mortality (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.48) following COVID‐19 infection was significantly higher in individuals living with excess weight compared with those with a healthy weight. There was limited evidence available in the included reviews regarding the influence of moderating factors such as ethnicity, and the majority of included reviews were of poor quality. Obesity appears to represent an important modifiable pre‐infection risk factor for severe COVID‐19 outcomes, including death.
Resistance of pistachio grafted on different Pistacia rootstocks against Verticillium wilt under field conditions
Authors: Antón‐Domínguez Begoña I. , Arquero Octavio , Lovera María , Trapero Antonio , Agustí‐Brisach Carlos , Trapero Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVerticillium wilt of pistachio (Pistacia vera), caused by Verticillium dahliae, is one of the most important diseases in this crop. The most effective and economical control measure is the use of resistant rootstocks. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance of five rootstocks commonly used in pistachio against the disease under field conditions. Pistachio plants (cv. Kerman) grafted on the rootstocks Pistacia atlantica, Pistacia integerrima, Pistacia terebinthus and cv. Platinum and UCBI hybrids, were planted in a field with high inoculum density of V. dahliae in the soil. Plants grafted on P. terebinthus, followed by P. integerrima, showed significantly higher disease severity values than the rest of the rootstocks almost 53 months after planting; also, plants grafted on P. atlantica were more resistant than those grafted on P. integerrima. These results highlighted the intraspecific variability in resistance to the disease. In addition, the disease was monitored in pistachios grafted onto P. terebinthus or UCBI in an established commercial field with three different zones of V. dahliae inoculum density in the soil (none, low or high). In the high‐density zone, the percentage of diseased plants was significantly lower for plants grafted on UCBI than for those grafted on P. terebinthus. The results indicate the importance of rootstock species and specific genotype or seed population used, concentration of V. dahliae inoculum in the soil, and previous history of crops on the plot, on the development of the disease under natural conditions.
Religion and Development in Africa: History, Status, and Future Prospects
Authors: Ng'etich Elias Kiptoo 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe burgeoning field of religion and development has continued to gain scholarly attention globally, especially recently. The article explores and reviews the study of religion and development in Africa by drawing on multiple literature and theoretical approaches. Structured around the history and survey of the current status of the study of religion and development in Africa, the article maps and projects its potential future. Religion, a significant tool for (de)development in Africa, holds immense potential to bring about positive social transformation for the common good. Being a complex process that focuses on improving both the material and immaterial aspects of human life, development can pivot on religion to create a better future for Africa. There is a need for robust and nuanced discourses on the academic study of religion and development that interrogate development theories and practice and their relevance to the African context. In the long run, this will address contemporary contentions and contestations on the role of religion and development, especially in Africa.
Ambulatory assessment of suicidal ambivalence: The temporal variability of the wish to live and the wish to die and their relevance in the concurrent and prospective prediction of suicidal desire
Authors: Ernst Mareike , Gemke Theresa J. , Olivi L. Julian , O'Connor Rory C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionSuicidal ambivalence is increasingly understood as the result of the interplay of two conflicting motivational orientations, the wish to die (WTD) and wish to live (WTL). However, research is scarce regarding the nature of their relationship, their temporal structure, and their relevance in predicting suicidal desire.MethodsFifty psychosomatic/psychiatric inpatients (17 reporting suicide attempts) took part in an intensive longitudinal design with 10 signal‐contingent prompts per day over 10 days; assessing WTD, WTL, and suicidal desire. We calculated mean values and variability of WTD, WTL, suicidal ambivalence, and suicidal desire and tested mixed‐effects models of suicidal desire.ResultsThe mean number of answered prompts was 40.98 (SD = 21.68). Repeated‐measures correlation of WTD and WTL was r = −0.60. Patients with a history of suicide attempts reported higher WTD, lower WTL, more suicidal ambivalence, stronger suicidal desire, and showed higher variability in all constructs. At the same assessment, WTD was the strongest statistical predictor of suicidal desire. Only WTL and the interaction of WTD and WTL predicted suicidal desire prospectively.ConclusionWish to die and WTL are likely two distinct (although correlated) constructs that should not be reduced to a single ambivalence score. A stronger focus on WTL holds potential for suicide research and practice.
Reflecting on the quality of a methodologically pluralist evaluation of a large-scale Indigenous health research collaboration in Australia
Authors: Bailie Jodie , Matthews Veronica , Laycock Alison Frances , Conte Kathleen , Feeney Lynette , Bainbridge Roxanne 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIndigenous communities worldwide lead calls for all evaluations of research, programmes and policies affecting their communities to reflect the values, priorities and perspectives of the Indigenous peoples and communities involved. Tools, such as the Quality Appraisal Tool (QAT), are available to assess research quality through an Indigenous cultural lens. Good evaluation requires that evaluation efforts be evaluated. We found that critical reflection on the quality of evaluations from an Indigenous perspective is largely absent from the published literature. To ensure that we strive for quality in evaluation as determined by Indigenous people with whom we work, we examined the quality of our own evaluation of an Indigenous health research collaboration by conducting a reflexive dialogue.MethodsThe QAT was used to assess our evaluation according to Indigenous health research principles. Our qualitative study used analytical coautoethnography to generate data through a series of reflexive dialogue sessions with Indigenous and non-Indigenous members of the research collaboration, using the QAT criteria as discussion prompts. Our ideas and reflections were compared and contrasted through a collaborative and iterative writing process, multiple review cycles and discussions.ResultsWe documented our findings against the QAT framework. We found examples that each QAT principle had, to some extent, been adhered to, but constantly needed to assess whether the principles were fully achieved to our satisfaction. Strengths of the evaluation included being adaptable and responsive to emerging issues for the research collaboration, while areas for improvement included more Indigenous leadership of, and involvement in, evaluation.ConclusionsAlthough reflexive evaluation practice is not always comfortable, it does provide an opportunity to generate insights for improvement. Reflecting as we did—in a partnership between Indigenous and non-Indigenous colleagues—enabled deeper insights and meaning. We anticipate that our process models how other research in Indigenous contexts might better advance ethical, quality Indigenous research through working in collaboration with Indigenous researchers and communities.
High prevalence of erectile dysfunction in male patients with acute stroke was associated with age but not to modifiable cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Schjørring Christel Baagø , Eddelien Heidi Shil , Butt Jawad Haider , Kruuse Christina 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundErectile dysfunction (ED) and stroke share common risk factors, and symptoms of ED often precede the development of clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, little is known about how ED is associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in patients who had a stroke and if concomitant ED is a marker of more severe CVD.AimsWe aimed to identify the prevalence of ED and CV risk factors in patients admitted with a stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Further, we wanted to test if self-reported ED associated with presence of CV risk factors, and if patients with ED had increased stroke severity compared with patients without ED.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of data retrieved in a cross-sectional survey from two non-comprehensive stroke units in Denmark. Multiple logistic regression adjusted for covariates was performed to investigate the association between CV risk factors and self-reported ED.ResultsWe included 287 male patients of which 116 (40.4%) had self-reported ED. Advanced age was significantly associated with self-reported ED (reference ≤60 years: OR 3.93, 95% CI 1.84 to 8.37 for men 71–80 years and OR 4.61, 95% CI 1.92 to 11.08 for men >80 years). Self-reported ED was not significantly associated with CV risk factors or stroke severity.DiscussionFour in 10 men with acute stroke or TIA reported to have ED prior to their stroke, and this was associated with age rather than CV risk factors. Hence, self-reported ED was not restricted to the CVD load, nor was ED a risk marker for increased stroke severity. However, our population was of high age with well-established CVD, and the presence of ED may be a stroke risk marker in younger patients who had a stroke. Based on the prevalence, potential treatment of ED should be addressed in stroke recovery.