bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The book as a tunnel
Authors: Jones Phil 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Through our first repeated interaction with books, we come to recognize recurring elements in these experiences, such as verso and recto pages, covers, spine, etc., and relationships between these elements (front/back, part/whole, etc.). Such interactions enable us to construct abstracted mental representations of the book, which are simpler than any single physical instantiation, but indicative of many other books. This schematization provides the basis for a range of structures and pathways that can be linked, or mapped, onto text and imagery in both conventional and unconventional ways. Through metaphor and metonymy, basic concepts evoked by schematic book-form can link with words and images to make new meaning. Therefore, rather than thinking of the book page as simply a substrate onto which the printed word is inscribed, it can be understood, for example, as a slice of time and/or space, and such an understanding provides opportunities for making associations with text and imagery. Consequently, the book is not necessarily a neutral carrier of meaning but can prompt the reader to think in particular ways about how information is presented. This article will explore the book-form as a source of schematic structure that can be linked and blended with other elements to instantiate texts in diverse and creative ways. Using ideas from conceptual metaphor theory and conceptual blending theory, it will focus on one metaphorical understanding of the book: book as a tunnel, to highlight possibilities for integrating the physical and visual forms of books with book texts. The tunnel book is a format that has been explored by book artists in which apertures are cut into pages, suggesting movement through, rather than around pages. This article discusses a book that utilizes the notion of cutting through a book, but instead, seeks to evoke this effect through imagery and the conventional codex rather than by piercing the book page and utilizing the tunnel book format. I provide an account of how a sense of moving through a tunnel is projected onto experiences of moving through a book. I also discuss the ways in which these two parallel experiences can be blended with other metaphorical journeys, in this case progression through a course of postgraduate study.
Book Unbound: An exploration of the material forms of the codex and e-book
Authors: Mak Bonnie , Pollack Julia 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This article explores how material form influences the communication of information in books across technological divides. Using the creative project, Book Unbound, as a starting point, the article explores forms of the book that are not tied uniquely to the codex. Furthermore, by discussing the familiar codex in relation to its digital counterparts, the article examines how materiality continues to be used to communicate, persuade readers and shape the process of meaning-making.
Frame jumps and mixed modalities: Reading and/as interface
Authors: Drucker Johanna 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Interface design pioneers Douglas Engelbart and Ivan Sutherland strove to include hands, feet, body movements and orientation to the screen as part of the basic computational apparatus. They also relied on the visual aspects of graphical interface as a crucial feature of this embodied experience. Since then, the tactile aspects of interface have intensified, and the structures that organize the graphical user interface remain essential to our use of digital environments. Multiple types of media are now embedded in screen-based environments, posing challenges for reading across very disparate frameworks and modalities (media types). I refer to this process as ‘frame-jumping’, the challenge of moving from one visual and cognitive frame to another, while trying to position ourselves as readers/viewers within the multi-media environment.
Relevanzgesteuerter Umbau der Substantivflexion im Deutschen
Authors: Dammel Antje , Gillmann Melitta 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAccording to Bybee (1985, 1994), the relevance of one linguistic sign to another determines its formal expression as either lexical, morphological or syntactic. Highly relevant categories are predicted to be situated closer to the lexical root, i. e. by inflectional or derivational expression, whereas less relevant categories are more likely to be expressed periphrastically or syntactically. Nübling/Dammel (2004) show that relevance plays an important role in the diachronic reorganization of verbal inflection in German. We propose that this also applies to the diachronic development of the nominal categories in German, which is characterized by two major principles: levelling of caseforms versus maintenance and (even) strengthening of the more relevant number category. However, relevance is not the only principle shaping the diachronic reorganization of nominal inflection. We argue that a low degree of grammaticalization may counteract relevance as it usually correlates with low syntagmatic cohesion and high semantic specificity. Furthermore, we show that typological properties may interfere with the relevance criterion: The periphrastic expression of the relevant category of definiteness within the DP satisfies the overall tendency of German to express grammatical categories discontinuously through framing constructions (›Klammerprinzip‹). Another exception is the ›weak masculine declension‹ which contains mainly nouns denoting highly animate referents. We propose that animacy may alter the relevance hierarchy in the sense that demarcation of thematic roles (agent vs. others) through case marking is more important for highly animate referents than number marking.
Totlachen
Authors: Seeber Stefan 
Published: June 2014

Abstract›Nibelungenlied‹ and ›Kudrun‹ display deliberate use of comic elements and of heroic irony. In a first step, my paper retraces the role that comedy and irony play in the teleological development toward the downfall in the ›Nibelungenlied‹. In a second step, I argue that ›Kudrun‹ deconstructs the ›Nibelungen‹ poetics of comedy and specifically includes them in its new, hybrid concept of storytelling. The hitherto neglected aspect of a structured use of comedy and irony in the epics allows for a new perspective not only on ›Nibelungenlied‹ and ›Kudrun‹, but also on the availability of comedy in medieval vernacular poetics in general.
Multiple Curve Comparisons with an Application to the Formation of the Dorsal Funiculus of Mutant Mice
Authors: Herberich Esther , Hassler Christine , Hothorn Torsten 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMuch biological experimental data are represented as curves, including measurements of growth, hormone, or enzyme levels, and physical structures. Here we consider the multiple testing problem of comparing two or more nonlinear curves. We model smooth curves of unknown form nonparametrically using penalized splines. We use random effects to model subject-specific deviations from the group-level curve. We present an approach that allows examination of overall differences between the curves of multiple groups and detection of sections in which the curves differ. Adjusted
A Homotopy Analysis Method for the Option Pricing PDE in Post-Crash Markets
Authors: El-Khatib Youssef 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
We investigate a solution for the option pricing partial differential
equation (PDE) in a market suffering from a financial crisis. The
post-crash model assumes that the volatility is stochastic. It is an
extension of the famous Black and Scholes model. Therefore, the option
pricing PDE for the crisis model is a generalization of the Black and
Scholes PDE. However, to the best knowledge, it does not have a closed
form solution for the general case. In this paper, we provide
a solution for the pricing PDE of a European option during financial
crisis using the homotopy analysis method.
Application of helium ion microscopy to nanostructured polymer materials
Authors: Bliznyuk Valery N. , LaJeunesse Dennis , Boseman Adam 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHelium ion microscopy (HIM) is a relatively new high-resolution nanotechnology imaging and nanofabrication tool. HIM offers a near-molecular resolution (approaching that of TEM) combined with a simplicity of sample preparation and high depth of field similar to SEM. Simultaneously, the technique is not limited by the surface roughness as scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques or by the surface charging or radiation damage like SEM. In our review, we consider general principles, advantages, and prospects of HIM application in polymer science. Examples of high-resolution imaging of polymer-based nanocomposites, polymer nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanoporous materials, polymer nanocrystals, biopolymers, and polymer-based photovoltaic and sensor devices are presented. We compare the HIM’s applicability with other modern imaging techniques: SPM and SEM.
MicroRNAs in central nervous system development
Authors: Díaz Néstor F. , Cruz-Reséndiz Mónica S. , Flores-Herrera Héctor , García-López Guadalupe , Molina-Hernández Anayansi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDuring early and late embryo neurodevelopment, a large number of molecules work together in a spatial and temporal manner to ensure the adequate formation of an organism. Diverse signals participate in embryo patterning and organization synchronized by time and space. Among the molecules that are expressed in a temporal and spatial manner, and that are considered essential in several developmental processes, are the microRNAs (miRNAs). In this review, we highlight some important aspects of the biogenesis and function of miRNAs as well as their participation in ectoderm commitment and their role in central nervous system (CNS) development. Instead of giving an extensive list of miRNAs involved in these processes, we only mention those miRNAs that are the most studied during the development of the CNS as well as the most likely mRNA targets for each miRNA and its protein functions.
Stabilization of clayey subgrade with waste pumice for road infrastructure
Authors: Çimen Ömür , Saltan Mehmet , Keskin S. Nilay 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
High-plasticity clayey subgrade, which is unsuitable for road construction, may sometimes occur along highway routes. In such cases, engineers need to change the route of a highway project, resulting in an increase in road length and project costs. In this study, waste pumice was examined for stabilization of high-plasticity clayey subgrade, which is inappropriate for road construction. For this purpose, the physical and index properties of clay and pumice were determined. Then, the pumice was mixed with high plasticity clay at different ratios by weight. By performing standard Proctor compaction tests on the mixtures, the effects of adding pumice on compaction were also studied. Unconfined compression tests and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were performed on all pumice-clay mixtures, and the test results and the CBR ratios were compared for each sample, respectively. The results showed that pumice stabilization improved the mechanical properties and reduced the swelling potential of high plasticity clayey subgrade.
NS-Fememorde in der Steiermark
Authors: Schafranek Hans 
Published: June 2014

Vorspann
Mord gehört untrennbar zum nationalsozialistischen Verhaltensrepertoire. Opfer konnten auch die eigenen Parteigenossen werden, wenn sie als Verräter eingestuft wurden. In der seit Juni 1933 verbotenen österreichischen NSDAP spielten solche Fememorde vor allem nach dem gescheiterten NS-Putsch (25. Juli 1934) eine wichtige Rolle, wie Hans Schafranek in seinem Beitrag zeigt. In zwei Fallstudien prä-sentiert und analysiert er minutiös die Anatomie bislang wenig beachteter NS-Verbrechen und deren allzu nachlässige Ahndung durch die Nachkriegsjustiz.
Otto Meyer: MAN-Vorstand im Dritten Reich
Authors: Feyer Sven 
Published: June 2014

Vorspann
Otto Meyer, seit 1926 in führender Position bei der Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nürnberg (MAN), gilt als eine der bedeutendsten bayerischen Unternehmerpersönlichkeiten des 20. Jahrhunderts. Sven Feyer zeichnet die Biographie dieses konservativen Wirtschaftsführers in der NS-Zeit nach. Meyer setzte sich an der Spitze eines bedeutenden Rüstungsbetriebs bis Kriegsende energisch für die Kriegsproduktion des Dritten Reichs ein, obwohl er der nationalsozialistischen Ideologie ablehnend gegenüberstand und wiederholt ins Visier des Repressionsapparats von Staat und Partei geriet.
Autobiografie als geschichtspolitische Waffe
Authors: Machtan Lothar 
Published: June 2014

Vorspann
Bücher haben ihre Geschichte. Wie spannend und lehrreich sie sein kann, zeigt der Historiker Lothar Machtan in einem äußerst lesenswerten Aufsatz über das Memoirenwerk des letzten kaiserlichen Kanzlers. Max von Baden und sein engster Berater Kurt Hahn scheiterten zweimal mit ihrem Versuch, das Image des Prinzen als Totengräber der Monarchie durch aufwändige Selbstmythografie zu korrigieren - zum ersten Mal in der Weimarer Republik, als die Erinnerungen gewogen und als zu leicht befunden wurden, und zum zweiten Mal Ende der 1960er Jahre, obwohl kein geringerer als Golo Mann die Neuauflage besorgte. Als seriöse Geschichtsschreibung getarnte Geschichtspolitik hatte nun erst recht keine Chance mehr. Das Vetorecht der Quellen wog ebenso schwer wie das kritische Urteil der Historiker, die ihrem Ruf als unbestechliche Instanz alle Ehre machten.
Chile als Partner, Exempel und Prüfstein
Authors: Dufner Georg J. 
Published: June 2014

Vorspann
Mit dem Staatsstreich gegen die Regierung Allende vom 11. September 1973 wurde Chile zu einem bedeutsamen öffentlichen Streitpunkt in der bundesrepublikanischen politischen Debatte und im Konflikt- und Konkurrenzverhältnis mit der DDR. Die Kontroversen um den blutigen Pinochet-Putsch prägen die Wahrnehmung Chiles bis heute. In Vergessenheit ist dabei geraten, wie wichtig das Land schon längst zuvor für die deutsch-lateinamerikanischen und zunehmend auch die innerdeutschen Beziehungen war. Georg Dufners Aufsatz eröffnet diese zeithistorische Perspektive.
“So Unlucky a Perspective”: The Critique of Moral Sentimentalism in The Man of Feeling
Authors: Eker Bahadir 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Henry Mackenzie’s The Man of Feeling (1771) is commonly described as a typical sentimental novel, yet the work has many aspects that a straightforward sentimentalist interpretation cannot possibly account for. I argue in this paper that The Man of Feeling, far from being a straightforward sentimental novel, encapsulates a profound critique of both moral sentimentalism and the genre of sentimental fiction. This critical stance is established in the first instance, I claim, by the ironic distance to the sentimental material in the novel, which results from the complex, multilevel narrative structure, and is further reinforced by numerous satirical elements in the text. As I demonstrate, reading Mackenzie’s work as an antithesis of the sentimental novel that parodies the sentimentalist moral epistemology underlying this mode of fiction does a much better job at explaining several crucial aspects of the novel than the sentimentalist interpretation.
“Keep that Fan Mail Coming.” Ceremonial Storytelling and Audience Interaction in a US Soldier’s Milblog
Authors: Usbeck Frank 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq initiated a surge of texts by US soldiers who utilized recent Web 2.0 technology to forge new types of war narratives, such as the so-called “milblogs.” Milblogs merge letter and journal writing with journalistic reporting, and they maintain contact between soldiers and their social environment. They are at once public and private communication. Military psychology since Vietnam has referred to warrior traditions of Native American communities to discuss public narration and ceremonial acknowledgment of a soldier’s war experience as vital elements for veteran readjustment and trauma recovery. This article analyzes an exemplary milblog to argue that the interaction between blogger and audience does similar cultural work and has comparable ceremonial and, therefore, therapeutic functions: Soldiers publicly share their experience, reflect on it with their audience, receive appreciation and support, and thus mutually (re-)negotiate group identity.
Construction of Single Sampling Plans by Attributes for Heterogeneous Lots Using a Mixture of Two Poisson Distributions
Authors: Loganathan A. , Saral M. , Vijayaraghavan R. , Muthu Krishnan P. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In many manufacturing processes, production takes place in more than one stream, with the objective of increasing the production in order to meet the demands of the consumers for the products. The lots or batches of finished products that can be constructed by grouping the products manufactured from various streams are generally heterogeneous (non-homogeneous) in nature. In such a situation, the lot quality might vary as a result of the machines used, the skill of working personnel, and the raw materials, and existing sampling plans are not suitable or viable for carrying out inspection activity in sentencing such lots. When the inspection lots are non-homogeneous, a finite mixture distribution is an appropriate probability model for determining the quality variation of the product. In this paper, the design of single’ sampling plans by attributes under a mixture of two Poisson distributions is considered under the assumption that the products are manufactured in two independent streams. Tables providing plan parameters protecting the interests of the producer and the consumer for specified strengths are presented. The risk efficiency of Poisson bi-mixture plans relative to Poisson sampling plans is studied. The selection of plan parameters is illustrated.
Distortion Control: Quenching Apparatus for Hardening Parts: An Overview
Authors: Luo Xinmin , Totten George E. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
During the production and quality control of heat treatment, especially during drastic cooling operations, avoiding heat-related distortions is critical if relatively stringent geometrical requirements stipulated by industrial manufacturing specifications are to be achieved. Therefore, specialized distortion minimization procedures are often used, which includes: the use of clamps and spreaders for fixturing workpieces in a designated position, and/or to controlling the flow direction and flux of coolants as they impinge on to the cooling workpiece surface. In addition, some assistive devices are required to implement designed movement of workpieces during the quenching process in order to meet the technical requirements of workpieces undergoing heat treatment. Quenching apparatuses are also used to fix workpieces to avoid any possible damage due to unexpected mutual contact or collision between them, and more importantly to ensure uniform heating and reasonable quenching of workpieces. On many occasions, some specially designed accessories are also considered as quenching apparatus to form a complete set with available heating or cooling equipment. Therefore, the quenching apparatuses are discussed in this paper for their role and function both in heat treatment production and especially for controlling quenching distortion. The main principles of the apparatus design are briefly described, and some apparatuses for typical heat treatment purposes are introduced, such as core rods, quenching machines, fixtures for press quenching, copying mould for quenching of aluminum alloy structural components, and apparatuses for induction hardening, and the use of quenchant flow tunnels. The management and the development trends of quenching apparatus are also briefly discussed. Characterization by digital technology, CFD, and computer control quenching apparatus has already become an important part of modern heat treatment production, and the synchronous increases of both production cost and heat treatment quality has been achieved. The popularization of the use quenching apparatuses implies that the fundamental solution to heat treatment distortion, which is based on effective movement constraints of workpiece upon quenching, suggests the programming cooling of workpiece and the reasonable design of quenchant flow tunnel for hardening is approaching. In the meantime, quenching apparatus design is becoming less empirical by increasing the use of established quenching theory and technology.
Die Bergbaugewerkschaft und die „Gastarbeiter“
Authors: Seidel Hans-Christoph 
Published: June 2014

Deutsche EinleitungSeit Ende der 1950er Jahre war der Kumpel im Ruhrbergbau immer öfter ein Türke. Obwohl der Bergbau eine schrumpfende Branche war, stieg der Anteil der in ihr beschäftigten Arbeitsmigranten an. Hans-Christoph Seidel erläutert in seinem Beitrag die Spezifika dieser Arbeitskräftepolitik und analysiert vor deren Hintergrund, wie die Bergbaugewerkschaft auf die Herausforderungen reagierte, die sich für sie daraus ergaben. Er beginnt seine Untersuchung mit der Etablierung des „Gastarbeiter“-Systems und führt sie bis in die 1980er Jahre fort, als die Politik die Zeichen auf eine „Förderung der Rückkehrbereitschaft“ umstellte.
Insight Into Genomic Changes Accompanying Divergence: Genetic Linkage Maps and Synteny ofLucania goodeiandL. parvaReveal a Robertsonian Fusion
Authors: Berdan Emma L , Kozak Genevieve M , Ming Ray , Rayburn A Lane , Kiehart Ryan , Fuller Rebecca C 
Published: June 2014

AbstractLinkage maps are important tools in evolutionary genetics and in studies of speciation. We performed a karyotyping study and constructed high-density linkage maps for two closely related killifish species, Lucania parva and L. goodei, that differ in salinity tolerance and still hybridize in their contact zone in Florida. Using SNPs from orthologous EST contigs, we compared synteny between the two species to determine how genomic architecture has shifted with divergence. Karyotyping revealed that L. goodei possesses 24 acrocentric chromosomes (1N) whereas L. parva possesses 23 chromosomes (1N), one of which is a large metacentric chromosome. Likewise, high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism−based linkage maps indicated 24 linkage groups for L. goodei and 23 linkage groups for L. parva. Synteny mapping revealed two linkage groups in L. goodei that were highly syntenic with the largest linkage group in L. parva. Together, this evidence points to the largest linkage group in L. parva being the result of a chromosomal fusion. We further compared synteny between Lucania with the genome of a more distant teleost relative medaka (Oryzias latipes) and found good conservation of synteny at the chromosomal level. Each Lucania LG had a single best match with each medaka chromosome. These results provide the groundwork for future studies on the genetic architecture of reproductive isolation and salinity tolerance in Lucania and other Fundulidae.
BZcon1, a SANT/Myb-Type Gene Involved in the Conidiation ofCochliobolus carbonum
Authors: Zhang Jun-xiang , Wu Yi-xin , Ho Honhing , Zhang Hao , He Peng-fei , He Yue-qiu 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe fungal pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum (anamorph, Bipolaris zeicola) causes Northern Leaf Spot, leading to a ubiquitous and devastating foliar disease of corn in Yunnan Province, China. Asexual spores (conidia) play a major role in both epidemics and pathogenesis of Northern Leaf Spot, but the molecular mechanism of conidiation in C. carbonum has remained elusive. Here, using a map-based cloning strategy, we cloned a single dominant gene, designated as BZcon1 (for Bipolaris zeicola conidiation), which encodes a predicted unknown protein containing 402 amino acids, with two common conserved SANT/Myb domains in N-terminal. The BZcon1 knockout mutant completely lost the capability to produce conidiophores and conidia but displayed no effect on hyphal growth and sexual reproduction. The introduced BZcon1 gene fully complemented the BZcon1 null mutation, restoring the capability for sporulation. These data suggested that the BZcon1 gene is essential for the conidiation of C. carbonum.