bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Related to Dizziness in Workers With Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Brazil
Authors: Hillesheim Danúbia , Scharlach Renata Coelho , da Silva Eduarda Dandolini , Silva Bárbara Amaral , Zucki Fernanda 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to describe the factors related to dizziness in workers with noise-induced hearing loss in Brazil.

Method:
A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample from noise-induced hearing loss reports (2007–2019). The dependent variable in this study was dizziness, and the independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, symptoms, and noise characteristics in the work environment. Logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results:

A total of 3,824 individuals with noise-induced hearing loss in Brazil were analyzed. The prevalence of dizziness was 23.4% in the sample. Factors associated with dizziness were women (odds ratio [
OR
]: 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.64, 2.69]), hypertension (
OR
: 1.68; 95% CI [1.38, 2.06]), headache (
OR
: 6.31; 95% CI [5.26, 7.57]), tinnitus (
OR
: 3.46; 95% CI [2.82, 4.25]), and continuous noise at the work environment (
OR
: 1.54; 95% CI [1.22, 1.94]).

Conclusions:
The factors associated with the outcome—dizziness—were gender (female), systemic arterial hypertension, headache, tinnitus, and continuous exposure to workplace noise. Such findings demonstrate the importance of promoting a multifactorial approach to understanding dizziness among workers exposed to occupational noise.
Shifting from Theoretical Best Evidence to Practical Best Evidence:
an Approach to Overcome Structural Conservatism of Evidence-Based Medicine and
Health Policy
Authors: Pfaff Holger , Schmitt Jochen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThere is disparity in the healthcare sector between the extent of innovation in
medical products (e. g., drugs) and healthcare structures. The reason is not a
lack of ideas, concepts, or (quasi-) experimental studies on structural
innovations. Instead, we argue that the slow implementation of structural
innovations has created this disparity partly because evidence-based medicine
(EBM) instruments are well suited to evaluate product innovations but less
suited to evaluate structural innovations. This article argues that the
unintentional interplay between EBM, which has changed significantly over time
to become primarily theoretical, on the one hand, and caution and inertia in
health policy, on the other, has resulted in structural conservatism. Structural
conservatism is present when healthcare structures persistently and essentially
resist innovation. We interpret this phenomenon as an unintended consequence of
deliberate EBM action. Therefore, we propose a new assessment framework to
respond to structural innovations in healthcare, centered on the differentiation
between the theoretical best (possible) evidence, the practical best (possible)
evidence, and the best available evidence.
Omega-3-Fettsäuren und Migräne – Grundlagen und Kasuistik
Authors: Schmiedel Volker 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungMigräne ist nicht nur, aber auch eine Entzündungskrankheit. Substanzen, die antientzündlich wirken,
müssten auch bei Migräne hilfreich sein. Migräne wird auch über den Serotoninstoffwechsel beeinflusst.
Gelänge es uns, auf natürliche Weise den Serotoninspiegel anzuheben, sollte sich dies auch auf
Migränefrequenz und -intensität auswirken. Nicht zuletzt können Omega-3-Fettsäuren zu einem Anstieg von
Endocannabinoiden führen. Belege für diese physiologischen Grundlagen einer erfolgreichen
Migräneprophylaxe werden im Beitrag ebenso aufgeführt wie klinische Studien zur Wirksamkeit sowie eine
eindrucksvolle Kasuistik.
1,2-Diaroyl Benzofurans: Synthesis and Photochromic Properties
Authors: Zhou Wang , Zhong Jianming , Li Shuangshuang , Wang Zhaoxin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA cascade reaction involving a base-promoted nucleophilic substitution reaction between diketones and α-bromoacetophenone derivatives and the subsequent selective condensation–cyclization was developed for the synthesis of 1,2-diaroyl benzofurans. 1,2-Diaroyl benzofurans with different functional groups and structures exhibit reversible photochromic behaviors in solution, solid state, and thin films with diverse colors, demonstrating a potential application in the field of optical functional materials.
Approach to Altered Mental Status in Pregnancy and Postpartum
Authors: Kroopnick Adam J. , Miller Eliza C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe evaluation and diagnosis of altered mental status in the pregnant or postpartum patient largely parallels the approach used for any other patient; however, there are several critical differences including that some neuroobstetric diagnoses require emergent delivery of the fetus. Being familiar with the physiological changes and medical complications of pregnancy and delivery is therefore essential. This review first addresses pregnancy-specific disorders that may result in altered mental status, such as the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and pregnancy-related metabolic and endocrinopathies. The focus then shifts to the complex physiologic changes in pregnancy and how these changes contribute to the distinct epidemiology of pregnancy-related cerebrovascular complications like intracranial hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Medical disorders that are not unique to pregnancy, such as infections and autoimmune conditions, may present de novo or worsen during pregnancy and the peripartum period and require a thoughtful approach to diagnosis and management. Finally, the unique nervous system complications of obstetric anesthesia are explored. In each section, there is a focus not only on diagnosis and syndrome recognition but also on the emergent treatment needed to reverse these complications, bearing in mind the unique physiology of the pregnant patient.
AQP4-AS1 Can Regulate the Expression of Ferroptosis-Related Regulator ALOX15 through Competitive Binding with miR-4476 in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Du Lin , Xu Geng , Zhang Xiuqiang , Zhang Zhiwei , Yang Yang , Teng Hongsheng , Yang Tao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background The AQP4-AS1/miR-4476-ALOX15 regulatory axis was discovered in previous studies. We aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of the ferroptosis-related regulator ALOX15 by AQP4-AS1 and miR-4476 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and find new targets for clinical treatment.
Methods After bioinformatics analysis, we contained one ferroptosis-related gene (FRG), namely ALOX15. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs were predicted by miRWalk. Furthermore, we constructed overexpressed LUAD cell lines. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to determine the expression of mRNA and protein, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and EdU assay were used to detect the cell proliferation. Double luciferase assay was used to detect the binding relationship between AQP4-AS1 and miR-4464.
Results ALOX15 was the most significantly downregulated FRG compared with normal tissues. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that the AQP4-AS1-miR-4476-ALOX15 regulatory axis might be involved in the occurrence and development of LUAD and there might be direct interaction between AQP4-AS1 and miR-4476, and miR-4476 and ALOX15. Furthermore, AQP4-AS1 and ALOX15 were significantly downregulated in the LUAD tissue and cell lines, whereas miR-4476 showed the opposite results (p < 0.001). AQP4-AS1 overexpression improved the ALOX15 expression in LUAD cell lines. CCK-8 and EdU assay revealed that overexpression of AQP4-AS1 and ALOX15 inhibited the LUAD cell proliferation. Double luciferase assay results indicated that there was a combination between AQP4-AS1 and miRNA-4476. In addition, we found that overexpressed AQP4-AS1 activates the ferroptosis in LUAD cell lines.
Conclusions AQP4-AS1 can regulate the expression of ALOX15 through competitive binding with miR-4476, further activate ferroptosis and inhibit the proliferation of LUAD cells.
Analysis of electric repulsion on contacts of different molded case circuit breakers
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Bowang , Ye Mengjiao , Pi Xiaogang , Huang Yingbo 
Published: August 2024

The electric repulsion between the movable contact and static contact of molded case circuit breakers (MCCBs) will directly affect the breaking speed of the movable contact, which in turn affects its breaking capacity. In order to improve the breaking speed of the movable contact and enhance the breaking capacity of the MCCBs, different MCCBs are proposed in this paper. The distribution characteristics of the electric repulsion between contacts corresponding to different MCCBs are obtained by simulation. The results show that the current density and magnetic flux density at the movable contact and static contact are small under different MCCBs. The closer to the contact-point, the greater the current density and magnetic flux density. When the current is 625 A, the electric repulsion and repulsive torque of the single contact-point contact in the series structure are 131.19% and 448.97% higher than the single contact-point contact in the parallel structure, respectively. Under the same current, the single contact-point contact in the series structure has the largest electric repulsion and repulsive torque, and the movable contact has the fastest movement speed and higher breaking capacity. This study can provide a reference for improving the breaking characteristics of MCCBs.
Global, regional, and national burdens of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission 1990–2019: an observational study
Authors: Wu Xinsheng , Zhou Xinyi , Chen Yuanyi , Lin Yi-Fan , Li Yuwei , Fu Leiwen , Liu Qi , Zou Huachun 
Published: August 2024

Background Sexual transmission accounts for a substantial proportion of HIV infections. Although some countries are experiencing an upward trend in HIV infections, there has been a lack of studies assessing the global burden of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission. We assessed the global, regional, and national burdens of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission from 1990 to 2019. Methods Data on deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. The burdens and trends were evaluated using the age-standardised rates (ASR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Results Globally, HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission accounted for ~695.8 thousand (95% uncertainty interval 628.0–811.3) deaths, 33.0 million (28.7–39.9) YLLs, 3.4 million (2.4–4.6) YLDs, and 36.4 million (32.2–43.1) DALYs in 2019. In 2019, Southern sub-Saharan Africa (11350.94), Eastern sub-Saharan Africa (3530.91), and Western sub-Saharan Africa (2037.74) had the highest ASR of DALYs of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission per 100,000. In most regions of the world, the burden of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission has been increasing from 1990 to 2019, mainly in Oceania (EAPC 17.20, 95% confidence interval 12.82–21.75), South Asia (9.00, 3.94–14.30), and Eastern Europe (7.09, 6.35–7.84). Conclusions HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission results in a major burden globally, regionally, and nationally.
Philosophical reflections on the future of construction grammar (or, confessions of a Radical Construction
Grammarian)
Authors: Croft William 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Many issues face construction grammar today. I start with the role of usage in construction grammar, and trace the
changes in the usage-based model from mental storage to social interaction to evolution of populations of speakers and utterances.
Just as speech communities and linguistic categories can be described as evolving populations, so can the construction grammar
community and the theoretical concepts and formalisms that have evolved in it. Meaning remains the most challenging question for
the future. Meaning is human experience, incredibly rich, and I suggest that construction grammar move away from mental
representations to radical embodiment (existential phenomenology).
Physical properties of La-doped ZnO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique
Authors: Alasmari Aeshah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this research, La-doped ZnO thin films were produced using the spray pyrolysis method to study the influence of La concentration. The films were doped with La at different concentrations ranging from 1 to 5 weight percent (wt%). Various physical properties of the deposited films were examined using a variety of techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the presence of a hexagonal ZnO phase as the only crystalline phase in all deposited films. The crystallite size was calculated using Scherrer’s equation. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images revealed the formation of large grains exceeding the crystallite size, with the smallest grain size of 143.5 nm observed in the La-1 wt% film. Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the existence of La in the deposited films. The optical band gap values were found to increase from 2.7 to 3.3 eV with increasing La content. Notably, a significant decrease in decay time was noted in UV sensing performance at La concentrations of 3 and 5 wt%.
Study for obtaining the exact solutions for the propagation of pulses in optical fibers
Authors: Akbulut Arzu , Razzaq Waseem , Tascan Filiz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, the exact solutions for the propagation of pulses in optical fibers are obtained. Special values are given in the model used, and two nonlinear differential equations are obtained. Nonlinear equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations with the help of wave transformations. Then, the obtained differential equations are solved by two different methods, namely the modified simplest equation and the modified Kudryashov procedures. The solutions are given by hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions and the results are useful for optics, engineering and other related areas. Finally three-dimensional, contour and two-dimensional shapes are given for some solutions. These figures are important for understanding the motion of the wave. The given methods are applied to the equations for the first time. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, these results are new and have not been obtained in the literature. The results are useful for applied mathematics, physics and other related areas.
Pressure-induced structural, electronic, and superconducting phase transitions in TaSe3
Authors: Li 李 Yuhang 宇航 , Zhou 周 Pei 佩 , Ding 丁 Chi 驰 , Lu 鲁 Qing 清 , Wang 王 Xiaomeng 晓梦 , Sun 孙 Jian 建 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
TaSe3 has garnered significant research interests due to its unique quasi-one-dimensional crystal structure, which gives rise to distinctive properties. Using crystal structure search and first-principles calculations, we systematically investigated the pressure-induced structural and electronic phase transitions of quasi-one-dimensional TaSe3 up to 100 GPa. In addition to the ambient pressure phase (P21/m-I), we identified three high-pressure phases: P21/m-II, Pnma, and Pmma. For the P21/m-I phase, the inclusion of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) results in significant SOC splitting and changes in the band inversion characteristics. Furthermore, band structure calculations for the three high-pressure phases indicate metallic natures, and the electron localization function suggests ionic bonding between Ta and Se atoms. Our electron–phonon coupling calculations reveal a superconducting critical temperature of approximately 6.4 K for the Pmma phase at 100 GPa. This study provides valuable insights into the high-pressure electronic behavior of quasi-one-dimensional TaSe3.
Experimental warming affects soil carbon dynamics in boreal and temperate forests: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Shan , Ou Jie , Qiao Xinxin , Zeng Zhenzhong , Wang Junjian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Boreal and temperate forests, spanning cold mid- to high-latitude environments and encompassing about 43% of the global forest area, are highly vulnerable to warming. Understanding the response of soil carbon (C) dynamics in these forests to warming is of paramount importance, yet significant uncertainty remains. In this meta-analysis, data from 97 studies across 65 sites were synthesized to investigate the effects of warming on soil C inputs, pools, and outputs in boreal and temperate forests. Our results reveal that warming increased aboveground biomass (by 33%) and litterfall (by 15%), while decreasing litter mass remaining (by 7%), with no significant change observed in fine root biomass. Furthermore, warming led to a 9% increase in soil total respiration and a 15% increase in autotrophic respiration, yet had no discernible impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) content. The methods, magnitude, and duration of warming were found to regulate the responses of soil C dynamics. Buried heater warming elicited the most pronounced effects among warming methods. Additionally, soil total respiration exhibited an acclimation response to warming magnitude and duration, while litter decomposition rates increased and SOC content and microbial biomass C decreased with escalating warming magnitude. Moreover, greater soil respiration response occurred in temperate forests than in boreal forests. These findings underscore the nuanced and context-dependent nature of soil C dynamics in response to experimental warming, providing critical insights for understanding the role of boreal and temperate forests in future climate change mitigation strategies.
Heavy grazing reduces the potential for grassland restoration: a global meta-analysis
Authors: Mi Wentao , Ren Weibo , Chi Yuan , Zheng Hao , Fry Ellen , Yuan Feng , Liu Yaling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Soil seed banks are the main seed reservoirs globally and are critical for the regeneration of grassland plant populations. Grazing often affects the density and diversity of grassland soil seed banks; however, it is not clear how these effects vary on a global scale with grazing intensity, grazing duration, and climatic conditions. Here, we screened 92 independent published articles and performed a meta-analysis of the extracted data. The effects of grazing on four soil seed bank density and diversity indices were analyzed. Four alpha diversity indices, namely Shannon–Wiener, Margalef, Pielou, and Simpson indices, were selected in this study. The Shannon–Wiener index reflects the species complexity of the community. The Margalef index reflects species richness of the seed bank. The Pielou index reflects whether the number of seeds of all species in the seed bank is evenly distributed, and the Simpson’s index reflects the status of dominant plants in the seed bank. We found that grazing significantly decreased the total density of soil seed banks. Perennial plant seed banks were more affected by grazing than annual plant seed banks. Heavy grazing significantly decreased the Margalef index of seed banks, while moderate grazing significantly decreased the Simpson’s alpha diversity index. Long-term grazing (>10 years) had the greatest impact on Simpson’s alpha diversity index, while medium-term grazing (5–10 years) had a significant negative impact on Shannon–Wiener, Margalef, and Pielou indices. In addition, our results show that grazing has a greater effect on seed banks in arid areas than those in temperate areas. Knowledge of climate-specific effects will contribute to understanding the risk of local extinctions in grassland populations and help decision-makers maintain the health of grassland ecosystems.
Optimal CHSH values for regular polygon theories in generalized probabilistic theories
Authors: Takakura Ryo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, we consider generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs) and focus on a class of theories called regular polygon theories, which can be regarded as natural generalizations of a two-level quantum system (a qubit system). In the usual CHSH setting for quantum theory, the CHSH value is known to be optimized by maximally entangled states. This research will reveal that the same observations are obtained also in regular polygon theories. Our result gives a physical meaning to the concept of ‘maximal entanglement’ in regular polygon theories.
The effect of chromium on the corrosive performance of novel high manganese steel frogs in a simulated industrial atmosphere
Authors: Li Yonglin , Lv Bo , Wang Yuefeng , Zhao Zhihui , Lin Meitong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The corrosion behavior of three novel high manganese steel frogs with different Cr contents in a simulated industrial corrosive atmospheric environment is studied through the corrosion weight gain, x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical testing. The results indicate that the content of Cr in the steel affects the phase composition, density, and electrochemical stability of the rust layer. For instance, as the Cr content increases, the content of the amorphous phase in the rust layer continuously increases while that of γ-FeOOH decreases, leading to enhanced density and electrochemical stability of the rust layer. The study reveals that Cr exists in the rust layer in the form of Cr2O3 and Cr(OH)3, providing nucleation cores to nanoscale colloidal rust particles. Consequently, a higher Cr content leads to more nucleation cores, which improves the density of the rust layer and enhances the corrosion resistance of the novel high manganese steel frogs in industrial corrosive atmospheric environments.
Performance of lightweight coconut shell concrete-filled circular steel tube columns under axial compression
Authors: Amala Sornam Ilanthalir , Dominic Jerlin Regin Joseph 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The current study aimed to use coconut shell concrete, a structural lightweight concrete, as an infill material in concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns and test it under axial compression. Testing was done on eighteen short, intermediate and long coconut shell CFST columns and six normal-weight CFST short columns for comparison. For both types of columns, the axial load-displacement curves and modes of failure were examined. By varying the length-to-diameter and diameter-to-thickness ratios, the axial capacity of steel tubes filled with coconut shell concrete was assessed. The composite action was verified from the results of the confinement index, strength index and the contribution of the coconut shell concrete as infill concrete. Structural efficiency and energy absorption of the lightweight CFST column was contrasted with its counterpart column. The contribution of coconut shell concrete to the strength of the CFST column was the highest at 61.36% and more significant than that of normal-weight CFST columns. The coconut shell CFST columns were 23.63% lighter than the normal-weight columns, contributing to its higher structural efficiency. These columns also had 8.12% more energy absorption than normal-weight columns. Hence, the results of this investigation revealed that coconut shell concrete has the potential to be utilized in CFST columns. Further, compared to the experimental ultimate loads, the predictions made by the existing codes, EC4 and ANSI/AISC 360 are conservative.