bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid, high-resolution, whole-brain, susceptibility-based MRI of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Sati P , Thomasson DM , Li N , Pham DL , Biassou NM , Reich DS , Butman JA 
Published: March 2014

Background: Susceptibility-based MRI offers a unique opportunity to study neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). In this work, we assessed a three-dimensional segmented echo-planar-imaging (3D-EPI) sequence to rapidly acquire high-resolution T2*-weighted and phase contrast images of the whole brain. We also assessed if these images could depict important features of MS at clinical field strength, and we tested the effect of a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) on these images. Materials and methods: The 3D-EPI acquisition was performed on four healthy volunteers and 15 MS cases on a 3T scanner. The 3D sagittal images of the whole brain were acquired with a voxel size of 0.55 × 0.55 × 0.55 mm3 in less than 4 minutes. For the MS cases, the 3D-EPI acquisition was performed before, during, and after intravenous GBCA injection. Results: Both T2*-weighted and phase-contrast images from the 3D-EPI acquisition were sensitive to the presence of lesions, parenchymal veins, and tissue iron. Conspicuity of the veins was enhanced when images were obtained during injection of GBCA. Conclusions: We propose this rapid imaging sequence for investigating, in a clinical setting, the spatiotemporal relationship between small parenchymal veins, iron deposition, and lesions in MS patient brains.
Treatment Response in Association with Adherence Patterns to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Perinatally Acquired HIV Infection
Authors: Malhotra Amisha , Whitley-Williams Patricia N. , Gaur Sunanda , Petrova Anna 
Published: March 2014

Background: Assessment of longitudinal adherence patterns on virologic and immunologic responses to HAART in perinatally acquired HIV patients has not been studied. Methods: Perinatally infected pediatric HIV patients with adherence documented at least twice and corresponding viral load and T-cell (%) data measured during 2008-2009 were studied. Multiple adherence measures were utilized to identify patients with persistent adherence, nonadherence, or alteration of adherence. Virologic and immunologic outcomes were assessed. Results: Persistent adherence, nonadherence, and alteration of adherence to HAART were recorded in 41.9%, 8.1%, and 50.0% of 62 studied patients. Persistent adherence was associated with higher likelihood for persistent virologic suppression and lower risk for persistent virologic failure. Conclusion: Alteration of adherence to HAART is a significant predictor of persistent virologic failure and high viremia in perinatally infected HIV patients. Implementation of longitudinal adherence assessments may target patients with nonsustained adherence patterns and help decrease the risk for virologic failure and disease progression.
A non–complement-fixing antibody to β2 glycoprotein I as a novel therapy for antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Agostinis Chiara , Durigutto Paolo , Sblattero Daniele , Borghi Maria O. , Grossi Claudia , Guida Filomena , Bulla Roberta , Macor Paolo , Pregnolato Francesca , Meroni Pier Luigi , Tedesco Francesco 
Published: March 2014

Key Points
A recombinant antibody recognizing the D1 domain of β2 glycoprotein I induces fetal loss and clot formation in animal models. The CH2-deleted antibody fails to activate complement and prevents the procoagulant and proabortive effects of patient antibodies.
Artificial oxidative stress-tolerant Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Lee Joo-Young , Lee Hyo Jung , Seo Jiyoon , Kim Eung-Soo , Lee Heung-Shick , Kim Pil 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
We have reported a transcription profile of an adapted Corynebacterium glutamicum that showed enhanced oxidative stress resistance. To construct an artificial oxidative stress-resistant strain, gene clusters in the β-ketoadipate pathway, which were up-regulated in the adapted strain, were artificially expressed in the wild-type C. glutamicum. The wild-type strain was unable to grow under 2 mM H2O2 containing minimal medium, while the strains expressing pca gene clusters restored growth under the same medium, and the pcaHGBC expression showed the most significant effect among the gene clusters. The expressions of pca gene clusters also enabled the wild-type to increase its resistance against oxidative stressors, such as diamide and cumene hydroperoxide, as well as H2O2. The oxidative stress tolerance of the strain was correlated to the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging activity of the cell extract. The reason for the enhanced oxidative stress-resistance of C. glutamicum and its applications on the synthetic strain development are discussed.
Aging and Risk of Severe, Disabling, Life-Threatening, and Fatal Events in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Armstrong Gregory T. , Kawashima Toana , Leisenring Wendy , Stratton Kayla , Stovall Marilyn , Hudson Melissa M. , Sklar Charles A. , Robison Leslie L , Oeffinger Kevin C. 
Published: March 2014

Purpose The first generation of childhood cancer survivors is now aging into their fourth and fifth decades of life, yet health risks across the aging spectrum are not well established. Methods Analyses included 14,359 5-year survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, who were first diagnosed when they were younger than 21 years old and who received follow-up for a median of 24.5 years after diagnosis (range, 5.0 to 39.3 years) along with 4,301 of their siblings. Among the survivors, 5,604 were at least 35 years old (range, 35 to 62 years) at last follow-up. Severe, disabling, life-threatening, and fatal health conditions more than 5 years from diagnosis were classified using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, grades 3 to 5 (National Cancer Institute). Results The cumulative incidence of a severe, disabling, life-threatening, or fatal health condition was greater among survivors than siblings (53.6%; 95% CI, 51.5 to 55.6; v 19.8%; 95% CI, 17.0 to 22.7) by age 50 years. When comparing survivors with siblings, hazard ratios (HR) were significantly increased within the age group of 5 to 19 years (HR, 6.8; 95% CI, 5.5 to 8.3), age group of 20 to 34 years (HR, 3.8; 95% CI, 3.2 to 4.5), and the ≥ 35 years group (HR, 5.0; 95% CI, 4.1 to 6.1), with the HR significantly higher among those ≥ 35 years versus those 20 to 34 years old (P = .03). Among survivors who reached age 35 years without a previous grade 3 or 4 condition, 25.9% experienced a subsequent grade 3 to 5 condition within 10 years, compared with 6.0% of siblings (P < .001). Conclusion Elevated risk for morbidity and mortality among survivors increases further beyond the fourth decade of life, which affects the future clinical demands of this population relative to ongoing surveillance and interventions.
Bevacizumab Combined With Chemotherapy for Platinum-Resistant Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: The AURELIA Open-Label Randomized Phase III Trial
Authors: Pujade-Lauraine Eric , Hilpert Felix , Weber Béatrice , Reuss Alexander , Poveda Andres , Kristensen Gunnar , Sorio Roberto , Vergote Ignace , Witteveen Petronella , Bamias Aristotelis , Pereira Deolinda , Wimberger Pauline , Oaknin Ana , Mirza Mansoor Raza , Follana Philippe , Bollag David , Ray-Coquard Isabelle 
Published: March 2014

Purpose In platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (OC), single-agent chemotherapy is standard. Bevacizumab is active alone and in combination. AURELIA is the first randomized phase III trial to our knowledge combining bevacizumab with chemotherapy in platinum-resistant OC. Patients and Methods Eligible patients had measurable/assessable OC that had progressed < 6 months after completing platinum-based therapy. Patients with refractory disease, history of bowel obstruction, or > two prior anticancer regimens were ineligible. After investigators selected chemotherapy (pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, weekly paclitaxel, or topotecan), patients were randomly assigned to single-agent chemotherapy alone or with bevacizumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks or 15 mg/kg every 3 weeks) until progression, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. Crossover to single-agent bevacizumab was permitted after progression with chemotherapy alone. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) by RECIST. Secondary end points included objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), safety, and patient-reported outcomes. Results The PFS hazard ratio (HR) after PFS events in 301 of 361 patients was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.38 to 0.60; unstratified log-rank P < .001). Median PFS was 3.4 months with chemotherapy alone versus 6.7 months with bevacizumab-containing therapy. RECIST ORR was 11.8% versus 27.3%, respectively (P = .001). The OS HR was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.66 to 1.08; P < .174; median OS, 13.3 v 16.6 months, respectively). Grade ≥ 2 hypertension and proteinuria were more common with bevacizumab. GI perforation occurred in 2.2% of bevacizumab-treated patients. Conclusion Adding bevacizumab to chemotherapy statistically significantly improved PFS and ORR; the OS trend was not significant. No new safety signals were observed.
Omitting Radiotherapy in Early Positron Emission Tomography–Negative Stage I/II Hodgkin Lymphoma Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Early Relapse: Clinical Results of the Preplanned Interim Analysis of the Randomized EORTC/LYSA/FIL H10 Trial
Authors: Raemaekers John M.M. , André Marc P.E. , Federico Massimo , Girinsky Theodore , Oumedaly Reman , Brusamolino Ercole , Brice Pauline , Fermé Christophe , van der Maazen Richard , Gotti Manuel , Bouabdallah Reda , Sebban Catherine J. , Lievens Yolande , Re Allessandro , Stamatoullas Aspasia , Morschhauser Frank , Lugtenburg Pieternella J. , Abruzzese Elisabetta , Olivier Pierre , Casasnovas Rene-Olivier , van Imhoff Gustaaf , Raveloarivahy Tiana , Bellei Monica , van der Borght Thierry , Bardet Stephane , Versari Annibale , Hutchings Martin , Meignan Michel , Fortpied Catherine 
Published: March 2014

Purpose Combined-modality treatment is standard treatment for patients with clinical stage I/II Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). We hypothesized that an early positron emission tomography (PET) scan could be used to adapt treatment. Therefore, we started the randomized EORTC/LYSA/FIL Intergroup H10 trial evaluating whether involved-node radiotherapy (IN-RT) could be omitted without compromising progression-free survival in patients attaining a negative early PET scan after two cycles of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) as compared with standard combined-modality treatment. Patients and Methods Patients age 15 to 70 years with untreated clinical stage I/II HL were eligible. Here we report the clinical outcome of the preplanned interim futility analysis scheduled to occur after documentation of 34 events in the early PET–negative group. Because testing for futility in this noninferiority trial corresponds to testing the hypothesis of no difference, a one-sided superiority test was conducted. Results The analysis included 1,137 patients. In the favorable subgroup, 85.8% had a negative early PET scan (standard arm, one event v experimental arm, nine events). In the unfavorable subgroup, 74.8% had a negative early PET scan (standard arm, seven events v experimental arm, 16 events). The independent data monitoring committee concluded it was unlikely that we would show noninferiority in the final results for the experimental arm and advised stopping random assignment for early PET–negative patients. Conclusion On the basis of this analysis, combined-modality treatment resulted in fewer early progressions in clinical stage I/II HL, although early outcome was excellent in both arms. The final analysis will reveal whether this finding is maintained over time.
Phase III Study Comparing Amrubicin Plus Cisplatin With Irinotecan Plus Cisplatin in the Treatment of Extensive-Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer: JCOG 0509
Authors: Satouchi Miyako , Kotani Yoshikazu , Shibata Taro , Ando Masahiko , Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Ichinose Yukito , Ohe Yuichiro , Nishio Makoto , Hida Toyoaki , Takeda Koji , Kimura Tatsuo , Minato Koichi , Yokoyama Akira , Atagi Shinji , Fukuda Haruhiko , Tamura Tomohide , Saijo Nagahiro 
Published: March 2014

Purpose This randomized phase III trial was conducted to confirm noninferiority of amrubicin plus cisplatin (AP) compared with irinotecan plus cisplatin (IP) in terms of overall survival (OS) in chemotherapy-naive patients with extensive-disease (ED) small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Patients and Methods Chemotherapy-naive patients with ED-SCLC were randomly assigned to receive IP, composed of irinotecan 60 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 and cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1 every 4 weeks, or AP, composed of amrubicin 40 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, and 3 and cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks. Results A total of 284 patients were randomly assigned to IP (n = 142) and AP (n = 142) arms. The point estimate of OS hazard ratio (HR) for AP to IP in the second interim analysis exceeded the noninferior margin (HR, 1.31), resulting in early publication because of futility. In updated analysis, median survival time was 17.7 (IP) versus 15.0 months (AP; HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.85), median progression-free survival was 5.6 (IP) versus 5.1 months (AP; HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.73), and response rate was 72.3% (IP) versus 77.9% (AP; P = .33). Adverse events observed in IP and AP arms were grade 4 neutropenia (22.5% v 79.3%), grade 3 to 4 febrile neutropenia (10.6% v 32.1%), and grade 3 to 4 diarrhea (7.7% v 1.4%). Conclusion AP proved inferior to IP in this trial, perhaps because the efficacy of amrubicin as a salvage therapy was differentially beneficial to IP. IP remains the standard treatment for extensive-stage SCLC in Japan.
Nanostructure-controlled Materials for Electrochemical Charging–Discharging
Authors: Moriguchi Isamu 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Down-sizing of Li-host materials is one of the recent research trends to develop high-performance electrode materials. Nanosized materials are expected to show high rate capability and/or high capacities. Nanoporous materials are also candidates for high-performance electrode materials. This review introduces recent studies on nanosized and nanoporous electrode materials toward developing high-performance energy-storage devices.
Details of left ventricular radial wall motion supporting the ventricular theory of the third heart sound obtained by cardiac MR
Authors: Codreanu I , Robson M D , Rider O J , Pegg T J , Dasanu C A , Jung B A , Rotaru N , Clarke K , Holloway C J 
Published: March 2014

Objective:
Obtaining new details of radial motion of left ventricular (LV) segments using velocity-encoding cardiac MRI.

Methods:
Cardiac MR examinations were performed on 14 healthy volunteers aged between 19 and 26 years. Cine images for navigator-gated phase contrast velocity mapping were acquired using a black blood segmented κ-space spoiled gradient echo sequence with a temporal resolution of 13.8 ms. Peak systolic and diastolic radial velocities as well as radial velocity curves were obtained for 16 ventricular segments.

Results:
Significant differences among peak radial velocities of basal and mid-ventricular segments have been recorded. Particular patterns of segmental radial velocity curves were also noted. An additional wave of outward radial movement during the phase of rapid ventricular filling, corresponding to the expected timing of the third heart sound, appeared of particular interest.

Conclusion:
The technique has allowed visualization of new details of LV radial wall motion. In particular, higher peak systolic radial velocities of anterior and inferior segments are suggestive of a relatively higher dynamics of anteroposterior vs lateral radial motion in systole. Specific patterns of radial motion of other LV segments may provide additional insights into LV mechanics.

Advances in knowledge:
The outward radial movement of LV segments impacted by the blood flow during rapid ventricular filling provides a potential substrate for the third heart sound. A biphasic radial expansion of the basal anteroseptal segment in early diastole is likely to be related to the simultaneous longitudinal LV displacement by the stretched great vessels following repolarization and their close apposition to this segment.
Modeling enzootic raccoon rabies from land use patterns - Georgia (USA) 2006-2010
Authors: Duke John E. , Blanton Jesse D. , Ivey Melissa , Rupprecht Charles 
Published: March 2014

We analyzed how land-use patterns and changes in urbanization influence reported rabid raccoons in Georgia from 2006 - 2010. Using Geographical Information Systems and rabies surveillance data, multivariate analysis was conducted on 15 land-use variables that included natural topography, agricultural development, and urbanization to model positive raccoon rabies cases while controlling for potential raccoon submission bias associated with higher human population densities. Low intensity residential development was positively associated with reported rabid raccoons while a negative association was found with evergreen forest. Evergreen forests may offer a barrier effect where resources are low and raccoon populations are not supported. Areas with pure stands of upland evergreen forest might be utilized in baiting strategies for oral rabies vaccination programs where fewer or no baits may be needed. Their use as a barrier should be considered carefully in a cost-effective strategy for oral rabies vaccination (ORV) programs to contain the western spread of this important zoonotic disease.
The Effect of Two Bulk Fill Resin Composites on Microleakage in Endodontically Treated Teeth
Authors: Tuncer Safa , Demirci Mustafa , Tekçe Neslihan , Tuncer Aysun Kara , Bag Harika Gözükara 
Published: March 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of two bulk fill resin composites on microleakage in endodontically treated Class II restorations.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four non-carious molars were selected and randomly divided into three groups (n = 8). The Class II cavity preparations were made with the cervical margin 1 mm below the cementum-enamel junction, and endodontic treatment was performed using a resin-based sealer and gutta-percha points. In Group 1 (Control), resin composite (G-aenial Posterior; GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) was applied to the interproximal wall, and then restorative material was applied incrementally. In Group 2, resin composite was applied to the interproximal wall, followed by a 4-mm-layer of a bulk fill flowable composite (x-tra base; Voco, GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) and the remaining occlusal part of the cavity was filled with resin composite. In Group 3, resin composite was applied to the interproximal wall, followed by a 4mm layer of a bulk fill fiber-reinforced composite (everX Posterior; GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan), and the remaining occlusal part of the cavity was filled with a resin composite. The restorations were then subjected to 500 thermal cycles, each with a dwell time of 20 seconds at 5 and 55 oC. The adaptation at the cervical margin was evaluated by dye penetration, and one tooth was used to evaluate the restorative material interface using SEM. The data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test (p < 0.05).
Results: No significant difference in dye penetration was found between the control and the experimental groups. Microleakage was significantly higher on enamel margins compared with the dentin margins for all of the groups.
Conclusion: The use of bulk fill restorative materials under resin composites does not affect the sealing ability of restorations.
A Literature Review on Social and Economic Factors Related to Access to Dental Care for Pregnant Women
Authors: Ojeda Jairo Corchuelo 
Published: March 2014

Background: The early detection of oral pathology in the pregnant woman can contribute to reduction in childbirth-related complications and consequences of low birth weight. The purpose of this review was to identify and analyze main social and economic factors related to access to dental care of pregnant women.
Methods: The Guide on implementation of the narrative synthesis was used systematic reviews of research evidence Popay et al. 2006. The review process included identification of the approach to review, search and allocation of the available evidence, review question was specified, identified studies for inclusion in the review, extracted data and evaluation of the quality of the study. The search was about pregnant women and dental services. Qualitative and quantitative studies in a period from 1990 to 2013 were included. Publications included are in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Age was women over the age of 13 and under 45 years of age.
Results: Of 120 relevant items found in electronic databases used as PubMed, library virtual em Saúde, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scielo, The Anthropological Index Online, PsycInfo, The Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, SocINDEX, ProQuest, network of scientific journals of Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal, EBSCO, Google school. Only thirty-three articles satisfied the quality criteria to be included in the review. The most frequently identified relating to access to dentistry-related factors were: age of the pregnant woman, schooling level, ethnicity, marital status, income, occupation, socioeconomic level and attention-related social dynamics as access to information, health assurance and use of dental service according to trimester of gestation. This review found that the level of schooling achieved, family income, the marital status and having health insurance were important predictors of attending for dental care. Only three articles were qualitative research.
Conclusions: The existence of published reports on the topic of search suggests the need for more qualitative and quantitative research. Actions to improve the coverage and dental care of pregnant women should consider social and economic factors and not just the change in user behavior.
Mineralized Allograft Implant Site Preservation in 3-Wall Post-Extraction Sockets in Ten Subjects: Clinical, Radiographic and Histologic Evaluation
Authors: Clementini Marco , Sannino Gianpaolo 
Published: March 2014

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of a surgical technique using mineralized human allograft and a collagen membrane on counteracting dimensional changes of 3-wall post-extraction socket.
Materials and Methods: In 10 patients, 10 single extraction sites without the labial bone plate in the anterior area were treated by means of mineralized human allograft and a collagen membrane. Intraoral radiographs and clinical measurement were taken at baseline and after 4 months. At surgical reentry, prior to implant placement, a biopsy core was obtained for histological analysis.
Results: After 4 months of healing the intraoral radiographs showed a mean difference in bone level height of 0.77 mm (SD ± 0.63), while clinical measurements showed a mean reduction of 1.1 mm (SD ± 0.46) in width, allowing for normal diameter implants placement without the need of further augmentation procedures. The specimens harvested showed bone formation, composed of particles of mineral human bone allograft and newly formed bone trabeculae.
Conclusion: Alveolar ridge preservation using mineralized human allograft and a collagen membrane allows for preserving height and width of a 3 wall extraction socket, suggesting that it may be useful prior to dental implant placement, especially in the esthetic region.