bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Ultimate Bearing Capacity of CFRP-Reinforced Concrete Under Reciprocating Load
Authors: Wang Qi , Yao Shunzhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjective: To study the ultimate bearing capacity of CFRP- reinforced concrete under reciprocating load. Methods: Firstly, a number of CFRP- reinforced concrete specimens were made on the test platform, and the overall compression was adopted to meet the test requirements. Secondly, the load-displacement curve of the specimen is drawn to determine the displacement change of the compression limit state. Finally, the load-deformation situation is analyzed, and the compressive ultimate bearing capacity of the specimen at each position is analyzed to determine the compressive ultimate bearing capacity of the specimen. Results: The compression state of CFRP-reinforced concrete can not be changed by winding CFRP and changing the strength of steel tube. The smaller the overall deformation, the higher the ultimate bearing capacity of CFRP-reinforced concrete. Conclusion: The ultimate compressive bearing capacity of CFRP-reinforced concrete is related to the slenderness ratio, the number of CFRP layers and the circumferential fiber yarn, which plays an important role in improving the strength of CFRP-reinforced concrete.
A Method of Concrete Surface Crack Detection Using an Improved Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model
Authors: He Zhexin , Zhang Huan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis essay spotlights concrete crack detection in infrastructure maintenance, highlighting its importance for structural integrity, cost-effectiveness, and eco-consciousness. It delves into various detection methods and introduces an improved VGG-16-based deep learning model with batch normalization, P-ReLU activation, and Adam optimization for better training outcomes. Through experiments on the MendeleyData-CrackDetection dataset, the enhanced model outperforms the original. This study underscores the significance of hyperparameter optimization and algorithm choice in deep learning.
Research on Quality Inspection Method of Reinforcement Sleeve Grouting Joint
Authors: Shen Duwen , Gan Qili , Li Langhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAt present, the connection of vertical members of prefabricated concrete structures in our country is mainly based on reinforcement sleeve grouting technology, which is a hidden project, and the inspection of construction quality determines the evaluation of connection quality. Therefore, this paper introduces the construction quality detection technology of sleeve grouting currently commonly used in our country, and analyzes the applicability and effectiveness of different quality detection methods for reinforcement sleeve grouting joint joints from the aspects of filling degree of grouting material and insert length of steel bar, which determine the quality of sleeve grouting, and combined with the actual detection situation of engineering projects.
Research on Design Method of Prefabricated Concrete Structure Based on BIM Technology
Authors: Zhang Yunlai , Shi Xiajuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAt present, in the construction of engineering, prefabricated buildings are increasing, this kind of building has a high degree of standardization, fast construction speed and low cost, and has become an important part of the development of modern architecture. In prefabricated buildings, the design of concrete structures has a direct impact on building quality and cost. In this process, through the effective application of BIM technology, it can promote the optimization of concrete structure design, provide reliable guidance for the overall construction design, and promote the continuous improvement of architectural design benefits. This paper analyzes the basic characteristics of prefabricated engineering, analyzes the advantages of using BIM technology in the design of prefabricated concrete structure, and explores the design method of prefabricated concrete structure based on BIM technology. Finally, the application prospect of BIM technology in prefabricated engineering explains the application value of BIM technology in its concrete structure design.
CFD Numerical Simulation Analysis of Wind Load Based on BIM
Authors: Wang Yiping , Wang Bo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFor high-rise circular buildings, based on the values of wind load shape coefficients without similar shapes in the building structural load specifications, this project is based on BIM technology and combines BIM technology with CFD technology. Through CFD numerical simulation method, SST k-w turbulence model is used to simulate the surrounding wind field and 8 wind directions of the simplified single building model, and the overall and local wind loads of the building are studied and analyzed, determine the wind load shape coefficient to provide reference for circular buildings. The conclusion is that the windward walls and lower surfaces of circular buildings are mainly under positive pressure, while the leeward walls, sides, lower surfaces, and roofs are generally under negative pressure; The maximum positive pressure appears on the windward wall surface and lower surface of the outer ring, while the absolute value of the maximum negative pressure of the circular building appears at the edge of the inner and outer rings of the roof.
Experimental Research on Full-Scale Umbrella Shaped Structure
Authors: He Jianjun , Zheng Guanghui , Deng Jun , Hu Zebin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUmbrella-shape structure (US) were designed and used in the Jixiang service area of expressway, Heyuan Ctiy. To verify the safety of the US, the test of the full-scale US was done. The tested results indicated that the maximum tensile of cantilever steel was 32.96 MPa, which was smaller than the yield strength of steel; the maximum compressive strength of concrete was occurred in root of cantilever concrete beams with 4.98 MPa, which was also smaller than the concrete design strength; the US was in the elasticity stage under 338 kN.
Research on Promotion Strategy of Prefabricated Buildings in Rural Areas of Chongqing
Authors: Chen WanQing , Wang Yu , Sun JunXia , Gan QiLi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn order to promote the development of prefabricated buildings in rural areas of Chongqing, this paper sorted out the influencing factors of the promotion of prefabricated buildings in rural areas of Chongqing through literature analysis, policy analysis and social research statistics. A hierarchical structure model based on SWOT analysis theory was constructed, and the weight of each factor in the index layer was determined by AHP combined with SPSSAU online analysis tool, and the strength of each factor in the index layer was determined by questionnaire survey. Factor weight and factor strength together determine the comprehensive strength of each criterion layer, and then construct the promotion strategy model. The research results show that the rural prefabricated buildings in Chongqing belong to the pioneering strategic regional opportunity strategy type, which provides a basis for the formulation of prefabricated buildings policy and the promotion of prefabricated buildings.
Volumetric measurement of terminal ileal Crohn’s disease by magnetic resonance enterography: a feasibility study
Authors: Kumar Shankar , Rao Nikhil , Bhagwanani Anisha , Parry Thomas , Hameed Maira , Rahman Safi , Fitzke Heather E. , Holmes Judith , Barrow Benjamin , Bard Andrew , Menys Alex , Bennett David , Mallett Sue , Taylor Stuart A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) interpretation of Crohn’s disease (CD) is subjective and uses 2D analysis. We evaluated the feasibility of volumetric measurement of terminal ileal CD on MRE compared to endoscopy and sMARIA, and the responsiveness of volumetric changes to biologics.

Methods
CD patients with MRE and contemporaneous CD endoscopic index of severity-scored ileocolonoscopy were included. A centreline was placed through the terminal ileum (TI) lumen defining the diseased bowel length on the T2-weighted non-fat saturated sequence, used by two radiologists to independently segment the bowel wall to measure volume (phase 1). In phase 2, we measured disease volume in patients treated with biologics, who had undergone pre- and post-treatment MRE, with treatment response classified via global physician assessment.

Results
Phase 1 comprised 30 patients (median age 29 (IQR 24, 34) years). Phase 2 included 12 patients (25 years (22, 38)). In phase 1, the mean of the radiologist-measured volumes was used for analysis. The median disease volume in those with endoscopically active CD was 20.9 cm3 (IQR 11.3, 44.0) compared to 5.7 cm3 (2.9, 9.8) with normal endoscopy. The mean difference in disease volume between the radiologists was 3.0 cm3 (limits of agreement −21.8, 15.9). The median disease volume of patients with active CD by sMARIA was 15.0 cm3 (8.7, 44.0) compared to 2.85 cm3 (2.6, 3.1) for those with inactive CD. Pre- and post-treatment median disease volumes were 28.5 cm3 (26.4, 31.2), 11 cm3 (4.8, 16.6), respectively in biological responders, vs 26.8 cm3 (12.3, 48.7), 40.1 cm3 (10, 56.7) in non-responders.

Conclusion
Volumetric measurement of terminal ileal CD by MRE is feasible, related to endoscopy and sMARIA activity, and responsive to biologics.

Clinical relevance statement
Measuring the whole volume of diseased bowel on MRE in CD is feasible, related to how biologically active the disease is when assessed by endoscopy and by existing MRE activity scores, and is sensitive to treatment response.

Key Points

MRE reporting for CD is subjective and uses 2D images rather than assessing the full disease volume.

Volumetric measurement of CD relates to endoscopic activity and shows reduced disease volumes in treatment responders.

This technique is an objective biomarker that can assess disease activity and treatment response, warranting validation.
Digital volumetric assessment of CIS and tumor mass compliments conventional histopathological assessment in muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer
Authors: Lange Fabienne , Geppert Carol I. , Bahlinger Veronika , Bertz Simone , Stöhr Robert , Sikic Danijel , Taubert Helge , Wach Sven , Wullich Bernd , Hartmann Arndt , Eckstein Markus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCarcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder is a known parameter regarding the prognosis and recurrence tendency of urothelial carcinomas. Nevertheless, there is little evidence whether the amount of CIS or other precursor lesions, as well as the quantified tumor mass of muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma, has an influence on the survival or recurrence rate of affected patients. From 80 patients with muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer and radical cystectomy, 23 samples each were obtained as part of a whole organ mapping in a single institution study, in which the precursor lesions and tumor area were digitally measured and further correlated to pathological standard parameters, patient survival, molecular luminal and basal subtypes, and immune infiltration. Significant correlations were found between tumor mass and surface lining CIS amount for pT-stage, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural infiltration. Furthermore, an increased tumor mass as well as an increased amount of CIS combined with an increased tumor mass showed a significantly reduced survival rate in multivariable analysis (HR = 2.75; P = 0.019 vs. HR = 3.54; P = 0.002) as well as a significantly increased recurrence. No correlations could be found with molecular subtypes and immune infiltration. The exact measurement of the tumor mass with and without the CIS surface area, whether manually or, more specifically, digitally, could be incorporated into routine diagnostics and implemented as an independent predictor for patient post-surgical outcomes. It can therefore serve as an additional predictor for risk stratification and, if necessary, intensified follow-up care or therapy.
The missing link: ARID1B non-truncating variants causing Coffin-Siris syndrome due to protein aggregation
Authors: Bosch Elisabeth , Güse Esther , Kirchner Philipp , Winterpacht Andreas , Walther Mona , Alders Marielle , Kerkhof Jennifer , Ekici Arif B. , Sticht Heinrich , Sadikovic Bekim , Reis André , Vasileiou Georgia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractARID1B is the most frequently mutated gene in Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS). To date, the vast majority of causative variants reported in ARID1B are truncating, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. In the absence of experimental data, only few ARID1B amino acid substitutions have been classified as pathogenic, mainly based on clinical data and their de novo occurrence, while most others are currently interpreted as variants of unknown significance. The present study substantiates the pathogenesis of ARID1B non-truncating/NMD-escaping variants located in the SMARCA4-interacting EHD2 and DNA-binding ARID domains. Overexpression assays in cell lines revealed that the majority of EHD2 variants lead to protein misfolding and formation of cytoplasmic aggresomes surrounded by vimentin cage-like structures and co-localizing with the microtubule organisation center. ARID domain variants exhibited not only aggresomes, but also nuclear aggregates, demonstrating robust pathological effects. Protein levels were not compromised, as shown by quantitative western blot analysis. In silico structural analysis predicted the exposure of amylogenic segments in both domains due to the nearby variants, likely causing this aggregation. Genome-wide transcriptome and methylation analysis in affected individuals revealed expression and methylome patterns consistent with those of the pathogenic haploinsufficiency ARID1B alterations in CSS cases. These results further support pathogenicity and indicate two approaches for disambiguation of such variants in everyday practice. The few affected individuals harbouring EHD2 non-truncating variants described to date exhibit mild CSS clinical traits. In summary, this study paves the way for the re-evaluation of previously unclear ARID1B non-truncating variants and opens a new era in CSS genetic diagnosis.
Vom COMPI-16 bis zur HOME-Station: 40 Jahre hardwarenahe Ausbildung am Institut für Computertechnik am Beispiel ausgewählter Projekte im Curriculum „Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik“
Authors: Bauer Friedrich 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDas ICT hat schon vor mehreren Jahrzehnten damit begonnen, den Studierenden in der einen oder anderen Form Lösungen anzubieten, die zur selbstständigen Vertiefung des Lernstoffs abseits der Hörsäle und Laborräume geeignet sind. Je nach zu vermittelndem Wissensgebiet kommen hier auch Virtualisierungen zum Einsatz, die nicht nur leichter zu verteilen sind, sondern auch Einblicke in Bereiche ermöglichen, die den Lernenden bei Verwendung echter Hardware unzugänglich bleiben. Es wird ein historischer Überblick über die diesbezüglichen Entwicklungen am ICT gegeben.
Effects of Notches on Breakdown Pressures and Fracture Evolution in Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Powlay Ben , Karakus Murat , Amrouch Khalid , Chester Chris 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSustainable ore extraction in cave mining heavily relies on the effective fragmentation or caveability of the orebody. Since cave mining offers substantial benefits, it has gained popularity after preconditioning was introduced to help improve caveability. Therefore, hydraulic fracturing serves as a vital technique for risk management and cave stimulation. The increased rock competency and high stress levels in the rock mass around the orebody significantly influence fracturing and, thus, cavability processes. In order to improve the çefficiency of preconditioning by hydraulic fracturing to specific parts of the non-caving or poorly caving formations, the use of notches as artificial flaws offers an influence on the directionality of fracture propagation; this approach also has the potential to decrease the necessary breakdown pressures, thereby lifting limitations on the design and mechanical capabilities of fracturing campaigns and reducing required breakdown pressures, which could improve hydraulic fracturing capabilities. In this study, we studied the effects of notches on hydraulic fracturing performance under varying stress conditions. A number of hydraulic fracturing experiments were conducted using different notch quantities and spacings. Notches were created parallel to the axis of confining stress, and specimens were then subjected to constant axial loads of 40 MPa under varying confining pressures ranging from 5 to 40 MPa. A supplementary 3-D discrete element method using 3DEC was performed, and the results were compared with the hydraulic fracturing experiment. The 3DEC models incorporated Darcy's Law to describe fluid flow through fractures, and the Mohr–Coulomb softening yield criterion was used to simulate failures on predefined surfaces, providing a thorough hydro-mechanical coupled solution. We found that introducing notches can effectively reduce the pressures needed for fracture initiation and growth. Moreover, with appropriate spacing, fracture direction can be controlled. This knowledge, combined with the use of numerical modelling, has advanced our understanding of fracture behaviour and the influence of notches on propagation paths under different stress regimes. These findings could potentially revolutionise the field of hydraulic fracturing, making it more efficient and sustainable.
Enhanced Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Implementation for Ugandan Fisherfolk: Pilot Intervention Outcomes
Authors: Bogart Laura M. , Musoke William , Mukama Christopher Semei , Allupo Stella , Klein David J. , Sejjemba Abdulrazake , Mwima Simon , Kadama Herbert , Mulebeke Ronald , Pandey Rakesh , Wagner Zachary , Mukasa Barbara , Wanyenze Rhoda K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMobile populations such as fisherfolk show high HIV incidence and prevalence. We pilot-tested implementation strategies to enhance pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake and adherence in the context of healthcare outreach events in two mainland fisherfolk communities on Lake Victoria, Uganda from September 2021 to February 2022. The implementation strategies included PrEP adherence supporters (selected from PrEP users’ social networks), community workshops (to address misconceptions and stigma, and empower PrEP advocacy), and check-in calls (including refill reminders). PrEP medical records data were collected from 6-months pre-intervention to 6-months post-intervention. Qualitative interviews with 20 PrEP users (10 who continued, 10 who discontinued), 9 adherence supporters, and 7 key partners (providers, community leaders) explored acceptability. Percentages of PrEP initiators (of those eligible) were significantly higher during the intervention (96.5%) than 6-months before the intervention (84.5%), p < 0.0001; percentages of PrEP users who persisted (i.e., possessed a refill) 6-months post-initiation (47.9% vs. 6.7%) and had at least 80% PrEP coverage (based on their medication possession ratio) from the initiation date to 6-months later (35.9% vs. 0%) were higher during versus pre-intervention, p < 0.0001. A comparison fisherfolk community with better healthcare access had lower uptake (78.3%; p < 0.0001) and persistence at 6-months (34.0%; p < 0.001), but higher coverage during the intervention period (70.4%; p < 0.0001). Qualitative data suggested the strategies promoted PrEP use through reduced stigma and misconceptions. The intervention bundle cost was $223.95, $172.98, and $94.66 for each additional person for PrEP initiation, persistence, and coverage, respectively. Enhanced community-based PrEP implementation that fosters a supportive community environment can improve PrEP use in mobile populations without easy access to healthcare. (NCT05084716).
Allocation rules for communication situations with incompatibilities
Authors: Basallote Manuela , Gallardo José M. , Hernández-Mancera Carmen , Jiménez-Losada Andrés 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this article we analyze certain situations with restricted cooperation. To do this we introduce a model that combines two types of games well studied in the literature: graph-restricted games and games with incompatible players. In particular, our model extends Myerson’s model for communication situations and Bergantiños’ model for incompatible relationships. Our approach is based on the concept of profit measure, which allows us to deal simultaneously with both types of bilateral relationships. We show that in the situations considered there are multiple possible definitions of the profit achievable for each coalition. This leads us to introduce different allocation rules for these cooperative situations.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Moral Foundations in Argumentation
Authors: Landowska Alina , Budzynska Katarzyna , Zhang He 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces moral argument analytics, a technology that provides insights into the use of moral arguments in discourse. We analyse five socio-political corpora of argument annotated data from offline and online discussions, totalling 240k words with 9k arguments, with an average annotation accuracy of 78%. Using a lexicon-based method, we automatically annotate these arguments with moral foundations, achieving an estimated accuracy of 83%. Quantitative analysis allows us to observe statistical patterns and trends in the use of moral arguments, whereas qualitative analysis enables us to understand and explain the communication strategies in the use of moral arguments in different settings. For instance, supporting arguments often rely on Loyalty and Authority, while attacking arguments use Care. We find that online discussions exhibit a greater diversity of moral foundations and a higher negative valence of moral arguments. Online arguers often rely more on Harm rather than Care, Degradation rather than Sanctity. These insights have significant implications for AI applications, particularly in understanding and predicting human and machine moral behaviours. This work contributes to the construction of more convincing messages and the detection of harmful or biased AI-generated synthetic content.
Academic anomie: implications of the ‘great resignation’ for leadership in post-COVID higher education
Authors: Watermeyer Richard , Bolden Richard , Knight Cathryn , Crick Tom 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe experience of the COVID-19 pandemic has ignited a near universal rethink of what is tolerable or desirable in work settings. In higher education—where discontent has been exacerbated by the pandemic—the potential for a ‘great resignation’ is a very real threat. The long-term impact of a crisis management approach in universities has led to a state of ‘pandemia’, according to Watermeyer et al., (British Journal of Sociology of Education 42:651-666, 2021b), whereby academics feel alienated and subjected to a ‘toxic’ work environment that lacks shared purpose and values. This article draws on Durkheim’s notion of ‘anomie’ to explore what leads academics to leave the sector and to consider how the outward migration of staff could be addressed through changes to leadership and management practice. Evidence is taken from an online survey distributed in the United Kingdom (UK), which collected demographic information of n = 167 academics and open-text responses to a question which asked respondents to provide their reasons for quitting higher education. Four key themes emerge which elucidate a trajectory of academic anomie: (i) declining quality of academic management, (ii) the pandemic as a disruptive awakening, (iii) the erosion of values and meaning and (iv) a sense of being ‘trapped’ within academia. Potential resolutions are suggested in respect of what respondents identify as the root cause of staff attrition—toxic management culture. Collective and inclusive governance and commitment from academics at all career stages to the leadership of groups, departments, institutions and the wider higher education sector are advocated as antidotes to academic anomie.