bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic role of FEV1 for survival in bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Ahn Jee Hwan , Jo Kyung‐Wook , Song Jin Woo , Shim Tae Sun , Lee Sei Won , Lee Jae Seung , Kim Dae‐Young , Lee Je‐Hwan , Lee Jung‐Hee , Choi Yunsuk , Lee Kyoo‐Hyung 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundBronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) can occur after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is associated with significant mortality. We investigated the role of forced expiratory volume in one s (FEV1) as a prognostic marker in BOS after HSCT.MethodsAmong all patients who underwent HSCT between December 1993 and November 2013 at a tertiary center in South Korea, 1187 patients were enrolled. Patient medical records were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with survival in these cases.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up period of 30.7 months after HSCT, 82 patients (6.9%) were diagnosed with BOS. The mean FEV1 of the BOS patients was 34.7% of predicted, and the mean FEV1 of 31 of these patients (37.8%) was <30% of predicted. The estimated overall survival rate for BOS patients excluding three patients who received lung transplantation was 74% at three yr from BOS diagnosis. Multivariate analysis showed that diagnosis of BOS within six months and FEV1 < 30% of predicted at the time of BOS diagnosis were associated with shorter survival.ConclusionsAn FEV1 < 30% of predicted at the time of diagnosis is significantly associated with an increased risk of death in patients with BOS after HSCT.
Managing Engineering Design for Competitive Sourcing in Closed‐Loop Supply Chains
Authors: Aydinliyim Tolga , Murthy Nagesh N. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTWe examine the strategic interplay between a buyer's design decision and the ensuing competition between suppliers in a three‐tier closed‐loop supply chain setting with significant recycling considerations. The nature of the engineering design decision in our research entails choice of integral versus modular design that has direct implications for the input raw material waste and ensuing competition between suppliers (i.e., incumbent and new). Whereas the integral design requires a large blank and generates excessive material scrap, the modular design reduces the generated scrap, and enhances cut‐to‐fit modularity, but incurs joining cost and yield loss. The incumbent supplier who supports the status quo choice of integral design can effectively recycle excessive material waste, as it is strategically located close to the source of material. The engineering design team at our study firm is currently exploring the option to source from alternative suppliers that can support either integral or modular designs, but have significantly lower effectiveness in recycling scrap material. We characterize the buyer's price sensitivity levels, component characteristics, supply chain configurations, and virgin and scrap specialty material prices that yield various design and sourcing policy alternatives. The buyer's optimal policy choice, the ensuing price–demand dynamics, and the resulting recycling implications demonstrate that the buyer can benefit from strategically tailoring his design decisions to affect the suppliers' material requirements and costs. We show that utilizing an alternative supply option is particularly valuable for components made from a material with a low price differential in virgin and scrap forms in supply chains wherein the new supplier base can recycle effectively. In such cases, the buyer induces severe price competition by dual sourcing the integral design, and competition may negate the seemingly obvious benefits of operational improvements (e.g., higher scrap material return rate).
Cardiac Computed Tomography versus Echocardiography in the Assessment of Stenotic Rheumatic Mitral Valve
Authors: Unal Aksu Hale , Gorgulu Sevket , Diker Mustafa , Celik Omer , Aksu Huseyin , Ozturk Derya , Kırıs Adem , Kalkan Ali Kemal , Erturk Mehmet , Bakır İhsan 
Published: September 2015

PurposeThere are different clinical cardiac applications of dual source computed tomography (DSCT). Here, we aimed to compare the DSCT with the transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for evaluating the Wilkins score and planimetric mitral valve area (MVA) of a rheumatic stenotic mitral valve.Materials and MethodsWe prospectively evaluated mitral valvular structure and function in 31 patients with known mitral stenosis undergoing electrocardiogram‐gated, second‐generation DSCT, in our heart center for different indications. Mitral valve was evaluated using Wilkins score, and also, the planimetric MVA was assessed.ResultsWe found a significant difference between MVAs determined by DSCT (average 1.42 ± 0.44 cm2) and MVAs determined by TTE (average 1.35 ± 0.43 cm2; difference 0.07 ± 0.16 cm2; P = 0.018). Linear regression analysis revealed a good correlation between the two techniques (r = 0.934; P < 0.0001). The limits of agreement for DSCT and TTE in the Bland–Altman analysis were ±0.31 cm2. DSCT using TTE as the reference enabled good discrimination between mild and moderate‐to‐severe stenosis and had an area under the ROC curve of 0.967 (CI 0.912–1.023; P < 0.0001). Wilkins scores obtained by DSCT (7.51 ± 1.17, range 5–10) and TTE (8.16 ± 1.27, range 6–10) had a moderate correlation (r = 0.686; P < 0.0001).ConclusionWe found that planimetric MVA measurements assessed by DSCT were closely correlated with MVA calculations by TTE. The moderate correlation was observed for the Wilkins score.
Leptin/adiponectin ratio predicts poststroke neurological outcome
Authors: Carbone Federico , Burger Fabienne , Roversi Gloria , Tamborino Carmine , Casetta Ilaria , Seraceni Silva , Trentini Alessandro , Padroni Marina , Bertolotto Maria , Dallegri Franco , Mach François , Fainardi Enrico , Montecucco Fabrizio 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground and aimsDifferent adipokines have been associated with atherosclerotic plaque rupture and cardiovascular events, such as acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). However, the potential role of these molecules in postischaemic brain injury remains largely unknown.Methods and methodsWe performed a substudy analysis on nonobese patients with first atherothrombotic stroke (n = 35) from a recently published prospective cohort. Primary endpoint was to investigate the predictive value of serum leptin/adiponectin ratio on neurological recovery at 90 days after AIS. The secondary endpoint was the predictive value of serum adipokine levels of clinical and radiological outcomes at a shorter follow‐up (at days 1 and 7 after AIS). The radiological evaluation included ischaemic lesion volume and haemorrhagic transformation (HT). The clinical examination was based on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS).ResultsAt day 1 after AIS, serum leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratio were increased and inversely correlated with both radiological and clinical parameters at all follow‐up time points. Once identified the best cut‐off points by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, risk analysis showed that higher circulating leptin improved neurological recovery at day 90. In addition, leptin/adiponectin ratio maintained statistical significance after adjustment for age, gender and thrombolysis, also predicting the occurrence of HT in the first 7 days after AIS (adjusted OR 0·15 [95% CI 0·03–0·83); P = 0·030]).ConclusionsHigher leptin/adiponectin ratio at day 1 predicted better neurological outcomes in patients with atherothrombotic AIS and might be potentially useful as a prognostic biomarker of the disease.
Fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth filled with Biodentine and white mineral trioxide aggregate – an in vitro study
Authors: Elnaghy Amr M. , Elsaka Shaymaa E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the long‐term fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth filled with Biodentine (BD) and white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) as pulp space barriers for regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs).Materials and methodsSixty extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were divided into four groups of 15 teeth each. Positive control teeth received no treatment. The remaining teeth were prepared until a size 6 Peeso (1.7 mm) could be passed 1 mm beyond the apex. Then, an engineering twist drill of 3 mm diameter was used to extend the preparation of the canal 3 mm below CEJ. The root canals were irrigated and disinfected according to AAE considerations for REPs. The canals were filled with either BD or WMTA. The negative control canals were left unfilled. The coronal access cavities were restored with glass ionomer followed by composite resin. The teeth were placed in phosphate‐buffered saline solution and stored for 12 months. Each specimen was then subjected to fracture testing using a universal testing machine. The peak load to fracture and the fracture resistance were recorded, and the data were analysed statistically.ResultsThe positive control group had the highest fracture resistance and differed significantly (P < 0.05) from the other experimental groups. No significant difference was found between BD and WMTA (P > 0.05).ConclusionsConsidering the risk of cervical root fracture for pulpless infected immature teeth treated with REPs, after 12 months, there was no difference between WMTA and BD regarding the resistance to root fracture.
Low‐dose cyclophosphamide effectively mobilizes peripheral blood stem cells in patients with autoimmune disease
Authors: Blank Norbert , Lisenko Katharina , Pavel Petra , Bruckner Thomas , Ho Anthony D. , Wuchter Patrick 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFor patients with severe and refractory autoimmune diseases, high‐dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been established as a considerable therapeutic option in recent years. In this retrospective single‐center analysis, we assessed the feasibility and efficacy of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) mobilization and collection in 35 patients with refractory autoimmune disease (AID). The mobilization data of 15 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), 11 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and 9 patients with other AID were analyzed. Stem cell mobilization with cyclophosphamide chemotherapy 2 × 2 g/m2 (n = 16) or 1 × 2 g/m2 (n = 17) and G‐CSF followed by PBSC collection was performed between 1999 and 2015. Leukapheresis was performed in 16 inpatients and 19 outpatients. All patients reached their collection goal and no collection failures were observed. The median PBSC collection result was 12.2 (SSc), 8.0 (MS), and 8.2 (other AID) × 106 CD34+ cells/kg, respectively. Twenty‐five of 35 (71%) patients achieved a sufficient collection with one leukapheresis session, while 6 patients (17%) required two and 4 patients (11%) required three or more leukapheresis sessions. No correlation of the collected PBSC number was observed regarding age, body weight, diagnosis, disease duration, skin sclerosis, or previous cyclophosphamide. Mobilization chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide 2 × 2 g/m2 and 1 × 2 g/m2 delivered comparable mobilization results with leukapheresis on day 13 or 14. In summary, we demonstrate that PBSC collection is safe and feasible in patients with AID. Mobilization chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide 1 × 2 g/m2 and 2 × 2 g/m2 is equally effective in those patients.
Effectiveness of managed gene flow in reducing genetic divergence associated with captive breeding
Authors: Waters Charles D. , Hard Jeffrey J. , Brieuc Marine S. O. , Fast David E. , Warheit Kenneth I. , Waples Robin S. , Knudsen Curtis M. , Bosch William J. , Naish Kerry A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCaptive breeding has the potential to rebuild depressed populations. However, associated genetic changes may decrease restoration success and negatively affect the adaptive potential of the entire population. Thus, approaches that minimize genetic risks should be tested in a comparative framework over multiple generations. Genetic diversity in two captive‐reared lines of a species of conservation interest, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), was surveyed across three generations using genome‐wide approaches. Genetic divergence from the source population was minimal in an integrated line, which implemented managed gene flow by using only naturally‐born adults as captive broodstock, but significant in a segregated line, which bred only captive‐origin individuals. Estimates of effective number of breeders revealed that the rapid divergence observed in the latter was largely attributable to genetic drift. Three independent tests for signatures of adaptive divergence also identified temporal change within the segregated line, possibly indicating domestication selection. The results empirically demonstrate that using managed gene flow for propagating a captive‐reared population reduces genetic divergence over the short term compared to one that relies solely on captive‐origin parents. These findings complement existing studies of captive breeding, which typically focus on a single management strategy and examine the fitness of one or two generations.
Modelling the food web for assessment of the impact of stock supplementation in a reservoir ecosystem in India
Authors: Khan M. F. , Preetha P. , Sharma A. P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractComparative estimates of trophic status and energy flow were carried out in a tropical reservoir ecosystem in India to assess the impact of fish stocking. Mass‐balanced models of the reservoir ecosystem were constructed for two periods – 1982–1983 and 2002–2003 – using ecopath software to determine the impacts on different groups before and after stocking. Mixed trophic impact (MTI) analyses indicated that phytoplankton and detritus have a positive impact on most groups. There was a decrease in nutrient flow through the system from pre‐stocking to post‐stocking (22.28%). The baseline was higher by 0.29% in the post‐stock phase indicating maturity. The ecosystem indices tested indicate that the reservoir was in a more resilient state post‐stocking than during the pre‐stocking phase. The ‘health’ of the ecosystem showed an improvement, which indicates a positive impact of stocking.
Influences of gear type and analytical methodology on fish assemblage characterisations in temperate lakes
Authors: Sullivan C. J. , Coulter D. P. , Feiner Z. S. , Donabauer S. B. , Höök T. O. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA variety of gears and analytical methods can be used to characterise lentic fish assemblages; however, the combined influence of gear type and analysis can affect conclusions about assemblage patterns. Fish assemblages sampled with night electric fishing, gillnets and trapnets from 153 lakes were evaluated using summary indices of species composition, pairwise community similarity comparisons and multivariate ordination. For a given amount of effort, electric fishing had the highest species richness, while gillnets had higher diversity and evenness. Pairwise comparisons between gears revealed that (1) richness was positively correlated among all gears, (2) diversity and evenness were generally not correlated across gears and (3) electric fishing and trapnets captured more similar species than all other pairwise comparisons. Gear‐specific multivariate correlation and ordination revealed that gillnet and electric fishing samples more similarly characterised variation in assemblages among lakes, while trapnets characterised assemblages along different gradients of species composition. These results indicate that either electric fishing or trapnetting can be used when assessing shallow‐water assemblages for diversity or evenness, gillnets and either electric fishing or trapnets should be used for whole‐lake assessments, and either gillnets or electric fishing should be used when evaluating regionwide variation in lake assemblages.
Between‐taxon matching of common and rare species richness patterns
Authors: Reddin C. J. , Bothwell J. H. , Lennon J. J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimOur primary aim is to understand how assemblages of rare (restricted range) and common (widespread) species are correlated with each other among different taxa. We tested the proposition that marine species richness patterns of rare and common species differ, both within a taxon in their contribution to the richness pattern of the full assemblage and among taxa in the strength of their correlations with each other.LocationThe UK intertidal zone.MethodsWe used high‐resolution marine datasets for UK intertidal macroalgae, molluscs and crustaceans each with more than 400 species. We estimated the relative contribution of rare and common species, treating rarity and commonness as a continuous spectrum, to spatial patterns in richness using spatial cross‐correlations. Correlation strength and significance was estimated both within and between taxa.ResultsCommon species drove richness patterns within taxa, but rare species contributed more when species were placed on an equal footing via scaling by binomial variance. Between taxa, relatively small sub‐assemblages (fewer than 60 species) of common species produced the maximum correlation with each other, regardless of taxon pairing. Cross‐correlations between rare species were generally weak, with maximum correlation occurring between small sub‐assemblages in only one case. Cross‐correlations between common and rare species of different taxa were consistently weak or absent.Main conclusionsCommon species in the three marine assemblages were congruent in their richness patterns, but rare species were generally not. The contrast between the stronger correlations among common species and the weak or absent correlations among rare species indicates a decoupling of the processes driving common and rare species richness patterns. The internal structure of richness patterns of these marine taxa is similar to that observed for terrestrial taxa.
Effect of OnabotulinumtoxinA Injection on Depression in Chronic Migraine
Authors: Maasumi Kasra , Thompson Nicolas R. , Kriegler Jennifer S. , Tepper Stewart J. 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo determine if chronic migraine patients' improvement in depression is related to improvement in headache severity after onabot injection.MethodsWe performed a retrospective data analysis on chronic migraineurs who received onabot at a tertiary headache center from 9/30/2013 to 9/30/2015. Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ9) [for depression] and Headache Impact Test (HIT6) were reviewed across ≥2 consecutive onabot injections for 6–12 months. The cohort was stratified based on clinically significant improvement in HIT6 (drop in score of ≥6 points). Unadjusted comparisons of demographic variables for the two groups were performed using Mann‐Whitney U‐tests for continuous variables and Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables. To determine if post‐onabotulinumtoxinA injection improvement in depression was related to improvement in headache severity, within each of the groups of patients that did and did not improve by ≥6 points on the HIT6, we computed the proportion of patients who improved by ≥5 points on the PHQ9. A chi‐square test was performed to determine if the unadjusted percentages of patients that improved in the PHQ9 score in the two groups were significantly different. We used logistic regression to test if the difference in percentages remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, race, marital status, household median income according to patient zip code, antidepressant use, and primary payer.ResultsA total of 359 patients were included in the study. The average age was 45.1 years (SD = 13.2), with 86.1% female and 92.8% Caucasian. Patients that improved in HIT6 score had significantly lower median pre‐Onabot HIT6 score (63.0 vs 65.5, P < .0001) and were more likely to have no antidepressant use before or after their first Onabot treatment (P = .012). For all other pre‐Onabot variables, no significant differences were found between patients who did and did not improve by ≥6 points on the HIT6; 30.1% of the sample population improved in their HIT6 scores by ≥6 points after the second round of Onabot treatment, 38.0% of which improved by ≥5 points in their PHQ9 scores. In the group of patients that did not have meaningful improvement in HIT6 score, only 9.6% improved by ≥5 points in their PHQ9 (P < .0001).ConclusionChronic migraine patients' improvement in depression is related to improvement in headache severity after Onabot injection treatment.
Comparison of ProTaper Next and HyFlex instruments on apical debris extrusion in curved canals
Authors: Koçak M. M. , Çiçek E. , Koçak S. , Sağlam B. C. , Furuncuoğlu F. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimTo evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris after root canal instrumentation with ProTaper Next and HyFlex instruments in curved root canals.MethodologyForty extracted mandibular first molar teeth with curved mesial roots and of similar lengths were instrumented using ProTaper Next or HyFlex instruments. The extruded debris was collected into pre‐weighed Eppendorf tubes. The tubes were stored in an incubator at 68 °C for 5 days. The tubes were weighed to obtain the final dry weight of the extruded debris. The weight of the extruded debris was determined by subtracting the initial weight from the final weight. Distribution of data was determined by Shapiro–Wilk test. Continuous variables were compared with the Independent Sample t‐test or Mann–Whitney U‐test. The significance level was set at P = 0.05.ResultsBoth instruments were associated with apical debris extrusion. The HyFlex group had significantly less debris extrusion than the ProTaper Next group (P = 0.014).ConclusionHyFlex CM was associated with significantly less apical extrusion than ProTaper Next.
Radiographic and histological evaluation of persistent periapical lesions associated with endodontic failures after apical microsurgery
Authors: Çalışkan M. K. , Kaval M. E. , Tekin U. , Ünal T. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimTo determine the histology of persistent periapical lesions associated with nonsurgical endodontic treatment failures and to compare radiographically the sizes of periapical lesions and the presence or absence of the radiopaque lamina with the histological findings.MethodologyNinety‐three anterior teeth designated for apical microsurgery were included in the study. After taking standard radiographs of all cases using the parallel technique, the films were scanned and evaluated for the size of periapical radiolucent lesions and the presence or absence of radiopaque lamina by two calibrated observers. Biopsy specimens were obtained during apical microsurgery and examined under light microscopy by oral pathologists. Histological analysis established diagnoses of granuloma, cyst, abscess and scar tissue. Interobserver agreement was evaluated by the kappa test, and the relationship between histological diagnosis and lesion size was analysed by the Pearson's chi‐square test.ResultsThe 93 specimens consisted of 72% periradicular granulomas; 21.5% radicular cysts, including two keratocysts; 4.3% abscesses; and 2.2% scar tissue. Cystic prevalence increased as the size of the periapical lesion increased; however, there was no correlation between the presence of a radiopaque lamina and histological diagnosis of cyst.ConclusionsNeither radiographic size nor presence of an associated radiopaque line alone was sufficient to determine the type of lesion. Histological examination is required in order to reach to a definitive diagnosis.