bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The skin microbiome stratifies patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma and determines event-free survival
Authors: Licht Philipp , Dominelli Nazzareno , Kleemann Johannes , Pastore Stefan , Müller Elena-Sophia , Haist Maximilian , Hartmann Kim Sophie , Stege Henner , Bros Matthias , Meissner Markus , Grabbe Stephan , Heermann Ralf , Mailänder Volker 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common entity of Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) and is characterized by the presence of clonal malignant T cells in the skin. The role of the skin microbiome for MF development and progression are currently poorly understood. Using shotgun metagenomic profiling, real-time qPCR, and T cell receptor sequencing, we compared lesional and nonlesional skin of 20 MF patients with early and advanced MF. Additionally, we isolated Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria from MF skin for functional profiling and to study the S. aureus virulence factor spa. We identified a subgroup of MF patients with substantial dysbiosis on MF lesions and concomitant outgrowth of S. aureus on plaque-staged lesions, while the other MF patients had a balanced microbiome on lesional skin. Dysbiosis and S. aureus outgrowth were accompanied by ectopic levels of cutaneous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including adaptation of the plaque-derived S. aureus strain. Furthermore, the plaque-derived S. aureus strain showed a reduced susceptibility towards antibiotics and an upregulation of the virulence factor spa, which may activate the NF-κB pathway. Remarkably, patients with dysbiosis on MF lesions had a restricted T cell receptor repertoire and significantly lower event-free survival. Our study highlights the potential for microbiome-modulating treatments targeting S. aureus to prevent MF progression.
Diet-microbiome interactions promote enteric nervous system resilience following spinal cord injury
Authors: Hamilton Adam M. , Blackmer-Raynolds Lisa , Li Yaqing , Kelly Sean D. , Kebede Nardos , Williams Anna E. , Chang Jianjun , Garraway Sandra M. , Srinivasan Shanthi , Sampson Timothy R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) results in numerous systemic dysfunctions, including intestinal dysmotility and enteric nervous system (ENS) atrophy. The ENS has capacity to recover following perturbation, yet intestinal pathologies persist. With emerging evidence demonstrating SCI-induced alterations to gut microbiome composition, we hypothesized that microbiome modulation contributes to post-injury enteric recovery. Here, we show that intervention with the dietary fiber, inulin, prevents SCI-induced ENS atrophy and dysmotility in mice. While SCI-associated microbiomes and specific injury-sensitive gut microbes are not sufficient to modulate intestinal dysmotility after injury, intervention with microbially-derived short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites prevents ENS dysfunctions in injured mice. Notably, inulin-mediated resilience is dependent on IL-10 signaling, highlighting a critical diet-microbiome-immune axis that promotes ENS resilience post-injury. Overall, we demonstrate that diet and microbially-derived signals distinctly impact ENS survival after traumatic spinal injury and represent a foundation to uncover etiological mechanisms and future therapeutics for SCI-induced neurogenic bowel.
Upwelling of melt-depleted mantle under Iceland
Authors: Sanfilippo A. , Stracke A. , Genske F. , Scarani S. , Cuffaro M. , Basch V. , Borghini G. , Brunelli D. , Ferrando C. , Peyve A. A. , Ligi M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeafloor anomalies along mid-ocean ridges with exceptionally thick and compositionally distinct basaltic crust, for example, at Iceland, suggest that the underlying mantle is hotter and chemically different from the adjacent subridge mantle. Here we present hafnium and neodymium isotope ratios of peridotites from the Charlie Gibbs Transform Zone, which is located at the southern end of the Reykjanes Ridge south-west of Iceland. These peridotites are strongly depleted in incompatible elements with extremely high hafnium isotope ratios, suggesting that they had already melted to a large extent before being incorporated into the plume, at least 1 billion years ago, and thereby also became less dense. We argue that seismic velocity anomalies, geodynamic models and geochemical affinities of ridge basalts connect the peridotites from the Charlie Gibbs Transform Zone to the ‘Iceland plume’. The thermochemical buoyancy of the moderately hot Iceland plume, but also that of other plumes worldwide, may therefore be strongly influenced by composition. Variable peridotite depletion along the rising Iceland plume could also cause the transient, density-driven pulses in plume flux, which have formed the V-shaped Reykjanes Ridge south of Iceland. Overall, expansion of a ridge-centred plume along adjacent ridges and melting of heterogeneous plume material explains the topographic swell, the seismic anomaly and the formation of V-shaped ridges, as well as the regional distribution of basalts with Icelandic affinity.
Preparation of magnetite nanoparticles and their application in the removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater
Authors: Aly Sohair T. , Saed Amgad , Mahmoud Alaa , Badr Mahmoud , Garas Shady S. , Yahya Shehab , Hamad Kareem H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWastewater is discharged in large amounts from different industries; thus, wastewater treatment is currently one of the main concerns, advanced oxidation is a promising technique for wastewater treatment. This research aims to synthesize magnetite nanoparticles and study their application in wastewater treatment via adsorption and advanced oxidation processes. Magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized via coprecipitation technique between ferric and ferrous sulfate at a molar ratio of 2:1. The prepared sample was characterized using FTIR, XRD, TEM, BET surface area, zeta potential, VSM, and UV‒visible spectroscopy. XRD confirmed the formation of a single face-centered cubic (FCC) spinel structure of Fe3O4. TEM revealed an average particle size of 29.2 nm and a BET surface area of 70.1 m2 g−1. UV‒visible spectroscopy revealed that the UV–visible peak of the sample was obtained at 410 nm. VSM confirmed the attraction of the sample to a magnet with a magnetization of 60 (emu/g). The removal efficiency of methylene blue was studied using adsorption and advanced oxidation methods. For adsorption, the studied parameters were dye concentration 2–10 ppm, 3–10 pH, and 50:300 mg Fe3O4/L. For advanced oxidation, peroxide was used with nanomagnetite as a catalyst, and the studied parameters were pH 2–11, magnetite dose 20–200 PPM, and peroxide dose 500–2000 PPM. The removal efficiency by adsorption reached 95.11% by adding 50 mg of Fe3O4/L and 10 ppm dye conc at 6.5 pH; on the other hand, in advanced oxidation, it reached 98.5% by adding 110 PPM magnetite and 2000 ppm H2O2 at pH 11. The magnetite nanoparticles were reused for ten cycles of advanced oxidation, for a 10% reduction in removal efficiency at the tenth cycle.
Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-15 regulates adipogenesis in human SGBS cells
Authors: Takahashi Asuka , Koike Ryo , Watanabe Shota , Kuribayashi Kyoko , Wabitsch Martin , Miyamoto Masahiko , Komuro Akihiko , Seki Mineaki , Nashimoto Masayuki , Shimizu-Ibuka Akiko , Yamashita Kikuji , Iwata Takeo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdipogenesis involves intricate molecular mechanisms regulated by various transcription factors and signaling pathways. In this study, we aimed to identify factors specifically induced during adipogenesis in the human preadipocyte cell line, SGBS, but not in the mouse preadipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1. Microarray analysis revealed distinct gene expression profiles, with 1460 genes induced in SGBS cells and 1297 genes induced in 3T3-L1 cells during adipogenesis, with only 297 genes commonly induced. Among the genes uniquely induced in SGBS cells, we focused on GALNT15, which encodes polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-15. Its expression increased transiently during adipogenesis in SGBS cells but remained low in 3T3-L1 cells. Overexpression of GALNT15 increased mRNA levels of CCAAT-enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα) and leptin but had no significant impact on adipogenesis in SGBS cells. Conversely, knockdown of GALNT15 suppressed mRNA expression of adipocyte marker genes, reduced lipid accumulation, and decreased the percentage of cells with oil droplets. The induction of C/EBPα and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ during adipogenesis was promoted or suppressed in SGBS cells subjected to overexpression or knockdown of GALNT15, respectively. These data suggest that polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-15 is a novel regulatory molecule that enhances adipogenesis in SGBS cells.
Eocene maar sediments record warming of up to 3.5 °C during a hyperthermal event 47.2 million years ago
Authors: Schmitt Clemens , Vasiliev Iuliana , Meijer Niels , Brugger Julia , Kaboth-Bahr Stefanie , Bahr André , Mulch Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEocene hyperthermal events reflect profound perturbations of the global carbon cycle. Most of our knowledge about their onset, timing, and rates originates from marine records. Hence, the pacing and magnitude of hyperthermal continental warming remains largely unaccounted for due to a lack of high-resolution climate records. Here we use terrestrial biomarkers and carbon isotopes retrieved from varved lake deposits of the UNESCO World Heritage site ‘Messel Fossil Pit’ (Germany) to quantify sub-millennial to millennial-scale temperature and carbon isotope changes across hyperthermal event C21n-H1 (47.2 million years ago). Our results show maximum warming of ca. 3.5 °C during C21n-H1. We propose that two components are responsible for the warming pattern across the hyperthermal: (1) the massive release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere-ocean system and (2) half-precession orbital forcing indicated by ~12.000-year temperature cycles. The carbon isotope record of bulk organic matter indicates a sharp, 7‰ decrease at the peak of the hyperthermal, corresponding to increased organic carbon content and a shift in the lake algal community. Collectively, our proxy data reveal the structure of continental temperature response during the hyperthermal event that is characterized by overall warming with a superimposed pattern of sub-orbital scale temperature fluctuations.
A non-canonical repressor function of JUN restrains YAP activity and liver cancer growth
Authors: Kurlishchuk Yuliya , Cindric Vranesic Anita , Jessen Marco , Kipping Alexandra , Ritter Christin , Kim KyungMok , Cramer Paul , von Eyss Björn 
Published: August 2024

AbstractYes-associated protein (YAP) and its homolog, transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are the main transcriptional downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway. Decreased Hippo pathway activity leads to nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ where they interact with TEAD transcription factors to induce target gene expression. Unrestrained YAP/TAZ activity can lead to excessive growth and tumor formation in a short time, underscoring the evolutionary need for tight control of these two transcriptional coactivators. Here, we report that the AP-1 component JUN acts as specific repressor of YAP/TAZ at joint target sites to decrease YAP/TAZ activity. This function of JUN is independent of its heterodimeric AP-1 partner FOS and the canonical AP-1 function. Since expression of JUN is itself induced by YAP/TAZ, our work identifies a JUN-dependent negative feedback loop that buffers YAP/TAZ activity at joint genomic sites. This negative feedback loop gets disrupted in liver cancer to unlock the full oncogenic potential of YAP/TAZ. Our results thus demonstrate an additional layer of control for the interplay of YAP/TAZ and AP-1.
Access to indenofluorene skeletons via Pd-catalyzed sequential reaction involving cyclization of indenone–allenyne intermediates
Authors: Zhu Shugao , Wang Hong , Liu Shihan , Yu Rongjing , Ma Yufeng , Zhang Rui , Fang Yuxuan , Lan Yu , Shen Ruwei 
Published: August 2024

The rapid construction of 7,12-dihydroindeno[1,2-a]fluorene skeletons is achieved via a tandem palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling, Alder–ene isomerization and cyclization sequence from 1-(2-iodophenyl)-3-arylprop-2-yn-1-ones and diynylic ethers.
IoT‐based remote monitoring system: A new era for patient engagement
Authors: Agali Khalad , Masrom Maslin , Abdul Rahim Fiza , Yahya Yazriwati 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) is changing patient engagement in healthcare by shifting from traditional care models to a continuous, technology‐driven approach using IoT‐based Remote Monitoring Systems (IoT‐RMS). This research seeks to redefine patient engagement by examining how Internet of Things (IoT) technologies can impact healthcare management and patient–provider interactions at different phases. Additionally, it presents the relationship between patient engagement stages and IoT‐RMS, which promotes patients' active participation using technological health management tools. The study emphasizes that IoT‐RMS improves patient engagement, organized into three main stages: enabling, engaging, and empowering. This approach shows how technological progress encourages patient involvement and empowerment, leading to improved health results and personalized care. A systematic review and narrative analysis of Web of Science (WOS), Scopus databases, IEEE, and PubMed yielded 1832 studies regarding patient engagement and technology. Despite the optimistic findings, the article highlights the need for more research to evaluate the durability of technology interventions and long‐term effectiveness.
A bi‐level optimization model and improved algorithm for wind farm layout
Authors: Song Erping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWind farm can obtain the maximize profit by optimizing micro‐locations and cables. The factors that affect profit include the power output of wind turbines, cost and et al., where power output is affected by wake effect, cable cost is related to the length and type of collector cable. The profit is calculated on the premise that the costs and power loss of collector cable are determined. Obviously, there is a hierarchical relationship between the above problems. Therefore, a bi‐level optimization model with constraints is constructed in this paper, where the upper‐level objective function is the maximum profit, and the lower‐level objective functions are consists of minimum the cable cost and the power loss of collector cable; Moreover, an improved algorithm (IDEDA), based on differential evolution and Dijkstra, is used to optimize above model; Finally, simulation experiments are carried out for IDEDA and four algorithms for two different wind conditions, and the results show that IDEDA performs better compared to the other four algorithms in terms of profit and cable cost.
Collaborative forecasting management model for multi‐energy microgrid considering load response characterization
Authors: Bao Huiyu , Sun Yi , Peng Jie , Qian Xiaorui , Wu Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMulti‐energy microgrids (MEMG) have become an effective means of integrated energy management due to their unique advantages, including area independence, diverse supply, flexibility, and efficiency. However, the uncertain deviation of the renewable energy generators (REGs) output and the uncertain deviation of the multiple energy load response cumulatively lead to the deterioration of the MEMG model performance. To address these issues, this article proposes a cooperative forecasting management model for MEMG that considers multiple uncertainties and load response knowledge characterization. The model combines a multi‐energy load prediction model with a management model based on deep reinforcement learning. It proposes multiple iterations of data, fits the dynamic environment of MEMG by continuously improving the long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network based on knowledge distillation (KD) architecture, and then optimizes the MEMG state space by considering the knowledge of load response characteristics, Furthermore, it combines multi‐agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) with horizontal federated (hF) learning to co‐train multi‐MEMG, addressing the issues of training efficiency during co‐training. Finally, the validity of the proposed model is demonstrated by an arithmetic example.
Statistical study of the peak and fluence spectra of solar energetic particles observed over four solar cycles
Authors: Wang Yubao , Guo Jingnan 
Published: August 2024

Context. Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are an important space radiation source, especially for the space weather environment in the inner heliosphere. The energy spectrum of SEP events is crucial both for evaluating their radiation effects and for understanding their acceleration process at the source region, along with their propagation mechanism.
Aims. In this work, we investigate the properties of the SEP peak flux spectra and the fluence spectra and their potential formation mechanisms using statistical methods. We aim to advance our understanding of SEP acceleration and propagation mechanisms.
Methods. Employing a dataset from the European Space Agency’s Solar Energetic Particle Environment Modelling (SEPEM) program, we obtained and fit the peak-flux and fluence proton spectra of more than a hundred SEP events from 1974 to 2018. We analyzed the relationship among the solar activity, X-ray peak intensity of solar flares, and the SEP’s spectral parameters.
Results. Based on the assumption that the initial spectrum of accelerated SEPs generally displays a power-law distribution and that the diffusion coefficient has a power-law dependence on the particle energy, we can assess both the source and propagation properties using the observed SEP event peak flux and fluence energy spectra. We confirm that the spectral properties of SEPs are influenced by the solar source and the interplanetary conditions, whereas their transportation process can be influenced by different phases of solar cycle.
Conclusions. This study provides an observational perspective on the double power-law spectral characteristics of the SEP energy spectra, revealing their correlation with the adiabatic cooling and diffusion processes during the particle propagation from the Sun to the observer. This result contributes to forging a deeper understanding of the acceleration and propagation of SEP events, in particular, the possible origins of the double power law.
S2k-Leitlinie „Harninkontinenz bei geriatrischen Patienten“ – Teil 2: Patientenfragebögen und Assessmentinstrumente
Authors: Becher Klaus , Kirschner-Hermanns Ruth , Bojack Barbara , Drews Claudia , Wiedemann Andreas 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung 1/2023 wurde das dritte Update der seit 2005 bei der
AWMF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft wissenschaftlich-medizinischer Fachgesellschaften) gelisteten und
fortlaufend aktualisierten Leitlinie „Harninkontinenz bei geriatrischen Patienten – Diagnostik
und Therapie“ durch die interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe „Harninkontinenz“ der Deutschen
Gesellschaft für Geriatrie (DGG) publiziert. Aus dieser Leitlinie, die als offizielle
Leitlinie DGG akkreditiert ist, stellt der vorliegende Artikel das Kapitel „Assessments“
dar.
Methodik In einem strukturierten Bewertungsprozess identifizierte eine Literaturrecherche zunächst die vorhandene Literatur im Kontext des „geriatrischen Patienten“, wie er als zumeist über 70jährig und multimorbid oder über 80jährig durch die Fachgesellschaften definiert ist. Primäre Berücksichtigung fanden randomisierte, doppelblinde, plazebokontrollierte Studien sowie bereits vorhandene Leitlinien zum Thema. Wo keine solchen Untersuchungen vorlagen oder aus methodischen Gründen prinzipiell nicht durchführbar sind, wurden auch Publikationen anderer Designs (nicht randomisierte Untersuchungen, Fallkontrollstudien) zur Leitlinienerstellung herangezogen. Die daraus resultierenden Leitlinienempfehlungen wurden einem strukturierten Abstimmungsprozess unterzogen und abschließend Deligierten relevanter Fachgesellschaften vorgelegt.
Ergebnisse Nach der Arbeitsgruppe „Assessments“ der Dt.
Gesellschaft für Geriatrie lassen sich Assessments in 3 Phasen einteilen: in einem ersten
Schritt werden Patienten auf geriatrischen Handlungsbedarf hin untersucht. Nach dieser
„Screeningphase“ erfolgt im positiven Falle eine systematische Untersuchung aller Ressourcen
wie Selbsthilfefähigkeit, Mobilität, Kognition, Ernährung, Sensorik, Schlaf, Kontinenz und
andere durch das sog. „comprehensive geriatric assessment“ oder das Basisassessment. Prototyp
eines solchen Assessments ist der Barthel-Index. Stellen sich hier Auffälligkeiten ein,
erfolgt die weitere Untersuchung eines solchen Bereiches durch ein spezielles Assessment wie
z. B. die Mini-Mental-State-Examination für die Kognition oder der ICI-Q für die
Kontinenz.
Schlussfolgerungen Wegen der hohen Inzidenz der Harninkontinenz einerseits und der typischen, mit dem Thema verbundenen Scham, ist ein regelhaftes Screening auf eine Harninkontinenz durch Anamnese in Verbindung mit strukturierten Assessments sinnvoll. Diese können bereits erste Hinweise auf die Inkontinenzform liefern.
The variation in post-endoscopy upper gastrointestinal cancer rates among endoscopy providers in England and associated factors: a population-based study
Authors: Kamran Umair , Evison Felicity , Morris Eva Judith Ann , Brookes Matthew J , Rutter Matthew David , McCord Mimi , Adderley Nicola J , Trudgill Nigel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Post-endoscopy upper gastrointestinal cancer (PEUGIC) is an important key performance indicator for endoscopy quality. We examined variation in PEUGIC rates among endoscopy providers in England and explored associated factors.

Methods The was a population-based, retrospective, case–control study, examining data from National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service and Hospital Episode Statistics databases for esophageal and gastric cancers diagnosed between 2009 and 2018 in England. PEUGIC were cancers diagnosed 6 to 36 months after an endoscopy that did not diagnose cancer. Associated factors were identified using multivariable logistic regression analyses.
Results The national PEUGIC rate was 8.5%, varying from 5% to 13% among endoscopy providers. Factors associated with PEUGIC included: female sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.29 [95%CI 1.23–1.36]); younger age (age >80 years, OR 0.52 [0.48–0.56], compared with ≤60 years); increasing comorbidity (Charlson score >4, OR 5.06 [4.45–5.76]); history of esophageal ulcer (OR 3.30 [3.11–3.50]), Barrett’s esophagus (OR 3.21 [3.02–3.42]), esophageal stricture (OR 1.28 [1.20–1.37]), or gastric ulcer (OR 1.55 [1.44–1.66]); squamous cell carcinoma (OR 1.50 [1.39–1.61]); and UK national endoscopy accreditation status – providers requiring improvement (OR 1.10 [1.01–1.20]), providers never assessed (OR 1.24 [1.04–1.47]).
Conclusion PEUGIC rates varied threefold among endoscopy providers, suggesting unwarranted differences in endoscopy quality. PEUGIC was associated with endoscopy findings known to be associated with upper gastrointestinal cancer and a lack of national endoscopy provider accreditation. PEUGIC variations suggest an opportunity to raise performance standards to detect upper gastrointestinal cancers earlier and improve outcomes.