bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI-based Cleft Lip and Palate Surgical Information is Preferred by Both Plastic Surgeons and Patients in a Blind Comparison
Authors: Fazilat Alexander Z. , Berry Charlotte E. , Churukian Andrew , Lavin Christopher , Kameni Lionel , Brenac Camille , Podda Silvio , Bruckman Karl , Lorenz Hermann P. , Khosla Rohit K. , Wan Derrick C. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has expanded in recent years, and these tools such as ChatGPT to generate patient-facing information have garnered particular interest. Online cleft lip and palate (CL/P) surgical information supplied by academic/professional (A/P) sources was therefore evaluated against ChatGPT regarding accuracy, comprehensiveness, and clarity. Methods 11 plastic and reconstructive surgeons and 29 non-medical individuals blindly compared responses written by ChatGPT or A/P sources to 30 frequently asked CL/P surgery questions. Surgeons indicated preference, determined accuracy, and scored comprehensiveness and clarity. Non-medical individuals indicated preference. Calculations of readability scores were determined using seven readability formulas. Statistical analysis of CL/P surgical online information was performed using paired t-tests. Results Surgeons, 60.88% of the time, blindly preferred material generated by ChatGPT over A/P sources. Additionally, surgeons consistently indicated that ChatGPT-generated material was more comprehensive and had greater clarity. No significant difference was found between ChatGPT and resources provided by professional organizations in terms of accuracy. Among individuals with no medical background, ChatGPT-generated materials were preferred 60.46% of the time. For materials from both ChatGPT and A/P sources, readability scores surpassed advised levels for patient proficiency across seven readability formulas. Conclusion As the prominence of ChatGPT-based language tools rises in the healthcare space, potential applications of the tools should be assessed by experts against existing high-quality sources. Our results indicate that ChatGPT is capable of producing high-quality material in terms of accuracy, comprehensiveness, and clarity preferred by both plastic surgeons and individuals with no medical background.
Investigation of Polymorphisms in Global Genome Repair Genes in Patients With Ovarian Cancer in the Turkish Population
Authors: Barham Sara Yaser , Omotade Dorcas , Yılmaz Seda , Akdeniz Fatma Tuba , Goralı Betül Çapar , Attar Rukset , İsbir Turgay 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Ovarian cancer (OC) poses significant challenges due to its high mortality rate, particularly in advanced stages where symptoms may not be evident. DNA repair mechanisms, including nucleotide excision repair (NER), are crucial in maintaining genomic stability and preventing cancer. This study focuses on exploring the role of two NER-related genes, Xeroderma Pigmentosum Complementation Group C (XPC) and DNA Damage Binding Protein 2 (DDB2), in OC susceptibility. Objectives This study aims to investigate the association between variations in two NER-related genes, XPC rs2228001 and DDB2 rs830083, among a cohort of Turkish individuals with OC and control subjects. Methods Genotyping of XPC rs2228001 and DDB2 rs830083 was performed on 103 OC patients and 104 control subjects from the Turkish population using the Fast Real-Time 7500 PCR platform from Applied Biosystems. Results Individuals with the homozygous AA genotype of XPC rs2228001 exhibited a reduced likelihood of developing OC (OR 0.511; 95% CI 0.261 - 1.003; P-value 0.049), whereas those with the CC variant faced an elevated risk (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.75-3.08; P-value 0.035). The presence of the A allele was associated with decreased OC occurrence ( P-value = 0.035). Similarly, for DDB2 rs830083, individuals with the homozygous CG genotype had a diminished risk of OC ( P-value 0.036), compared to those with the GG polymorphism (OR 1.895; 95% CI 1.033 - 3.476; P-value 0.038). Furthermore, the presence of the C allele was associated with a 1.89-fold decrease in the likelihood of OC. Conclusion These findings shed light on the genetic factors influencing OC susceptibility, emphasizing the importance of DNA repair systems in disease. Further research in larger and more diverse populations is warranted to validate these findings, facilitating precise risk assessment, and potentially guiding tailored treatment strategies for OC patients.
Cisplatin-induced bone marrow failure in an adult patient with Fanconi anemia
Authors: Surmeli Zeki Gokhan , Ibrahim Rehab Helmy Mohamed , Alkhalfan Nawaf , Mahmood Zeyad 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure typically developing in the first decade of life, congenital abnormalities, and an increased predisposition to malignancy. However, patients with FA can remain undiagnosed until adulthood and present with solid organ malignancies. Due to impaired DNA repair mechanisms, patients with FA are highly susceptible to severe bone marrow toxicity when treated with cisplatin. Case Report A 38-year-old woman, diagnosed with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix, underwent treatment with weekly cisplatin concurrent with radiotherapy. After the second week of cisplatin treatment, she presented with severe pancytopenia. The prolonged and severe pancytopenia following cisplatin and radiation, along with cervical SCC in the absence of risk factors and the presence of parental consanguinity, raised the possibility of FA as the underlying cause. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous FANCI c.668A > C (p.Lys223Thr) missense variant confirming the diagnosis of FA. Management and Outcome The pancytopenia exhibited a protracted course, necessitating admission and supportive treatment with antibiotics, red blood cell and platelet transfusions, as well as filgrastim and eltrombopag. Eventually, the pancytopenia improved after approximately 40 days of hospitalization. Discussion SCC of the head and neck or gynecologic organs in a young adult without known risk factors should prompt consideration of FA. Cisplatin should be avoided in patients with FA.
The Comparison of Psychological Factors and Executive Functions of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome to ADHD and ADHD Comorbid with Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Authors: Inci Izmir Sevim Berrin , Aktan Zekeriya Deniz , Ercan Eyüp Sabri 
Published: August 2024

Objective: The study aims to examine family functionality, emotion regulation difficulties, preference for loneliness, social exclusion, internalizing and externalizing disorders, and executive functions in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and compare with ADHD, and ADHD+ Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Method: This study included 842 children aged 8–12 years. The subjects were categorized according to DSM-V as ADHD ( n = 246), ADHD + ODD ( n = 212), ADHD + CDS ( n = 176), and Control group ( n = 207). The solitude and social exclusion, difficulties in emotion dysregulation and Barkley SCT scales, Child Behavior Checklist, family assessment device, and Central Vital Signs (CNSVS) test were used. Results: According to the study, children with ADHD + CDS had higher rates of internalizing disorders. They also preferred being alone and experienced more difficulty communicating with their parents and solving problems within the family. Additionally, these children had difficulty recognizing and understanding the emotional reactions of others. The ADHD + ODD group presented a poorer performance on CNSVS domain tests except for the psychomotor speed test than other groups. Also, ADHD + CDS children had the lowest psychomotor speed scores and lower scores on reaction time and cognitive flexibility than pure ADHD children. Conclusion: This study will contribute to the etiology, treatment, and clinical discrimination of ADHD + CDS.
Tilt and decentration of the crystalline lens in ultra-high myopia with cataract and its influencing factors: A study based on CASIA2’
Authors: Zhao Hui-Ying , Zhang Jing-Shang , Li Meng , Chen Dong-Jun , Yang Xi , Wan Xiu-Hua 
Published: August 2024

Objective This study aims to examine the characteristics and influencing factors of crystalline lens tilt and decentration in ultra-high myopic cataract patients, as measured by the CASIA2. Methods and Analysis 60 eyes scheduled for cataract surgery with an axial length (AL) ≥ 28 mm were included. The IOLMaster700 was utilized to measure AL and the white-to-white (WTW) distance. The CASIA2 was employed to measure front curvature radius (FCR), crystalline lens tilt, and crystalline lens decentration. The relationships between lens tilt, decentration, and related factors were evaluated. Results The degree of lens tilt was 4.62 ± 2.44°, and the decentration was 0.20 (Q1 0.13, Q3 0.28) mm. Among the 60 eyes, 11 (18.3%) had a tilt ≥7°, and 6 (10%) had a decentratiolens tilt ≥7° ( P = 0.038, P = 0.018). Eyes with AL >30.00 mm and FCR <8.45 mm had a higher degree of lens tilt. Additionally, a tilt ≥7° was associated with a greater decentration ( P = 0.032), n. Conclusion Preoperative crystalline lenses in eyes with ultra-high myopia and cataract exhibit certain degrees of tilt and decentration. An AL >30 mm is a risk factor for a lens tilt ≥7° and an decentration ≥0.4 mm. An FCR <8.45 mm is a risk factor for increased lens tilt, and a tilt ≥7° is a risk factor for increased lens decentrati ≥ 0.4 mm. An increase in AL and FCR <8.45 mm were risk factors for a and eyes with AL >30.00 mm had a higher degree of decentration ( P = 0.005).
An arteriovenous fistula model: Carotid artery-posterior facial vein fistula in rats
Authors: Cui Tianjiao , Lin Jiawen , Zhong Ming , Hong Ling , Lei Lei , Lu Yongping , Huang Mingcheng , Zheng Zhihua 
Published: August 2024

Objective: To describe an alternative arteriovenous fistula (AVF) model involving anastomosis of the common carotid artery (CCA) with the posterior facial vein (PFV). Methods: Twenty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats (age 6–8 weeks) were used to establish the AVF model involving end-to-side anastomosis of PFV and CCA. The peak velocity of the CCA and the diameter of the outflow vein were recorded at 7, 14, and 42 days after the operation using Doppler ultrasound. Pathological examination of the intimal lesions was performed at 14 and 42 days after operation. Results: One rat died within 24 h after surgery related to anesthesia. The patency rates at days 7, 14, and 42 were 85.7%, 81%, and 81%, respectively. The diameter of the carotid artery in rats is approximately 0.8 mm. The diameter of the outflow vein was increased by 1.7-fold and 2.2-fold at 7 days (1.1 ± 0.118 mm) and 14 days (1.4 ± 0.073 mm). At 42 days (1.96 ± 0.101 mm) after operation, the diameter was 3-fold greater compared to the unoperated control rat. The peak systolic flow velocity of the carotid artery at 7 days (593 ± 17.36 mm/s) and 14 days (767 ± 13.64 mm/s) after surgery was significantly greater compared to the control rat (314 ± 15.13 mm/s). The rate of increase was fastest at 7 days and leveled off from 14 to 42 days (875 ± 26 mm/s) after surgery. At 14 days, the intima area showed a nearly 50-fold increase (230 ± 9.93 μm2 × 103) compared to control (area 5 ± 0.37 μm2 × 103). Comparing 6 weeks with 2 weeks (280 ± 10.54 μm2 × 103) after surgery, the intima area increased 1.2 times. Conclusion: The CCA-PFV fistula in rats is a viable alternative AVF model.
Central venous catheter-related thrombosis in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Annetta Maria Giuseppina , Barbato Giulia , Pisciaroli Erika , Marche Bruno , Sabatelli Mario , Pittiruti Mauro 
Published: August 2024

Background: Central venous catheterization may be required in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) for parenteral nutrition, antibiotic treatment, or blood sampling. Different venous access devices can be taken into consideration—centrally inserted central catheters (CICC), peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC), and femorally inserted central catheters (FICCs)—depending on the clinical conditions of the patients. Regardless of the type of access, the presence of paraplegia or tetraplegia is commonly considered a risk factor for catheter-related thrombosis (CRT). Method: This retrospective study analyzes the rate of CRT and other non-infectious complications associated with central venous access in a cohort of 115 patients with paraplegia or tetraplegia, most of them affected by ALS ( n = 109). Results: In a period of 34 months, from January 2021 to October 2023, we inserted 75 FICCs, 29 CICCs, and 11 PICCs. PICCs were inserted only in patients with preserved motility of the upper limbs. All devices were inserted by trained operators adopting appropriate insertion bundles. We had no immediate or early complication. Though antithrombotic prophylaxis was adopted only in 61.7% of patients, we had no symptomatic CRT. Other non-infectious complications were infrequent (4 out of 115 patients). Conclusion: These results suggest (a) that the presence of paraplegia or tetraplegia is not necessarily associated with an increased risk of CRT, (b) that the adoption of well-designed insertion bundles plays a key role in minimizing non-infectious complications, and (c) that the insertion of FICCs by direct cannulation of the superficial femoral vein at mid-thigh in paraplegic/tetraplegic patients may have the same advantages which have been described in the general population.
The 2018 James Lind alliance adult social work priority setting partnership report: Its use and engagement
Authors: Waterman Chloe , Manthorpe Jill 
Published: August 2024

Summary The James Lind Alliance (JLA) is a nonprofit United Kingdom (UK) organization that builds a set of research priorities for any given topic through the systematic involvement of practitioners, service users, carers, and stakeholders. In 2021/2022, we reviewed the impact of the JLA priority setting partnership (PSP) on adult social work research (2018). Our research question was “How has social work research responded to and changed since the 2018 JLA priority setting report; and where do we need to focus now?” We searched for research which aligned with the published priorities. We then interviewed 23 social work researchers to learn if/how they had engaged with the JLA PSP and what might be needed for future PSP exercises and research. Findings We discuss our findings with reference to other reviews of JLA PSPs. We conclude that the JLA PSP for adult social work was uniquely suited to the field given the history of person-centered practices, and this may account for some of the positive reviews of the report. The JLA process and ethos were respected and the report potentially raised the profile of adult social work research, while highlighting unaddressed questions. Applications Though there are many JLA PSP reviews, this study is one of the few to consider impact, we propose a review process could be applied to PSP exercises more regularly.
From landslide to mudslide: The strategic marketing mistakes of the 2020–2023 New Zealand Labour Government
Authors: Lees-Marshment Jennifer , Bendle Neil , van der Linden Clifton 
Published: August 2024

This article explores how a political party’s fortunes can change extremely quickly, by examining the strategic errors behind the Labour Party’s 2023 loss in New Zealand. In October 2020, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and the Labour Party of New Zealand won a landslide majority. This secured a once in a generation chance to deliver transformational change. However, just over 2 years later, Ardern exited following a profound drop in popularity. Although a respected minister, Chris Hipkins, took over, the party then suffered a massive defeat. We apply a playbook developed for the 2020 election to identify the reasons behind such a downturn in fortunes, noting the speed of change of voter priorities and Labour’s failure to develop a clear vision or pivot to address changed priorities. We draw on multiple sources of data, including party policies, communications, polling data and the public engagement survey Vote Compass. This confirms that governments, to maintain support, must utilise appropriate market research and engage in careful political marketing planning, starting with understanding voter expectations from the last election.
Compression behavior of warp-knitted spacer fabric based on simplified finite element method
Authors: Song Wenxiang , Ma Xiaotao , Ma Pibo 
Published: August 2024

Warp-knitted spacer fabrics (WKSF), with their unique structure and excellent energy absorption properties, are widely utilized in the automotive industry, medical field, and aerospace sectors. However, during practical applications, WKSF undergo repeated compression, which can lead to compressive fatigue of the spacer yarns and consequently cause the WKSF to undergo irreversible deformation, which subsequently affects its performance and appearance. Therefore, to enhance the compressive properties of WKSF and investigate the mechanisms of plastic failure, this study used a warp knitting double needle bar raschel machine to fabricate a WKSF with a thickness of 20 mm. Through fabric structure analysis, we developed a unit cell model consisting of 32 fibers and a more comprehensive analysis model with 320 fibers to quantitatively assess the geometric changes of the WKSF during the compression process. Furthermore, we experimentally studied the performance changes of the WKSF under different compression speeds, various compression strains, and 1000 cycles of loading. By integrating experimental test with the finite element method, we have conducted an in-depth study of the compression process of WKSF, simulating the displacement U, Von Mises stress distribution, and plastic compression failure behavior during compression. By comparing data on Von Mises stress, equivalent plastic strain (PEEQ), and energy density distribution (SENER), we can clearly observe the performance of spacer yarns under compression conditions, providing significant insights into the underlying plastic failure mechanisms of WKSF’s. This study not only enriches the theoretical framework for WKSF compression but also lays a solid foundation for improving its performance and extending its applications.
Endovascular treatment of aneurysm remnants with the Contour Neurovascular System after previous treatment
Authors: Goertz Lukas , Radomi Alexandra , Forbrig Robert , Pflaeging Muriel , Kabbasch Christoph , Liebig Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Objective The Contour Neurovascular System (CNS) is a novel intrasaccular flow disrupting device with a semi-3D cup-like shape for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. This study investigates the potential and limitations of the CNS for embolization of aneurysm remnants after previous treatment. Methods Ten cases of aneurysm recurrence treatment with the CNS were analyzed from a single-center database. Technical success, procedural aspects, complications, and angiographic results were evaluated. Results The aneurysms (median width: 5.3 mm, median neck width: 3.8 mm) were located in the anterior communicating artery (4), basilar tip (3), internal carotid artery (1), middle cerebral artery (1), and superior cerebellar artery (1). The aneurysms were initially treated endovascularly (9) and by clipping (1). Retreatment failed in one case where the smallest available CNS proved to be too small and had to be removed. Adjunctive coiling was performed in two large remnants of partially thrombosed basilar tip aneurysms. There were no procedural complications or morbidity. At a median follow-up of nine months, 4/8 (50%) aneurysms were completely occluded, 2/8 (25%) had neck remnants, and 2/8 (25%) had aneurysm remnants. The two aneurysm remnants were retreated with coiling and stent-assisted coiling, respectively. Conclusions CNS treatment of aneurysm remnants may be feasible, especially for shallow, wide-necked aneurysm geometries. Further studies are needed to identify aneurysm subsets that benefit from CNS retreatment and to define mid- and long-term occlusion rates.
Treatment of tumor-induced cerebral venous sinus stenosis: Technical note and review of the literature
Authors: White Timothy G , Chen Adrian , Dalal Sidd , Mehta Shyle H , Turpin Justin , Papadimitriou Kyriakos , Link Thomas , Patsalides Athos 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Tumors that invade or compress the venous sinuses have the potential to impair venous drainage. Rarely, this may be so severe as to induce intracranial hypertension. Other studies have previously described venous sinus stenting (VSS) for the treatment of these symptomatic lesions. In this report, we present our series of eight cases of VSS for symptomatic tumor-induced venous sinus stenosis and review the existing literature. Cases Eight patients with mostly intracranial tumors were found to have symptomatic venous sinus stenosis with the most common presenting symptom being elevated intracranial pressure. Six of the eight (75%) patients presented with papilledema on neuro-ophthalmological exam. The most affected locations were the transverse and sigmoid sinuses in four patients, followed by the superior sagittal sinus in three patients. All eight patients underwent VSS with no adverse events. In total, 6 out of 8 (75%) of patients had complete resolution of their symptoms, while the remaining patients experienced at least partial improvement. Conclusion Tumors that cause symptomatic venous sinus stenosis may be successfully managed with VSS to improve venous drainage. This may facilitate continued conservative management of meningiomas or allow for treatment with noninvasive means, such as stereotactic radiosurgery. Depending on the size of the target stenosis, balloon-mounted coronary stents may be a suitable option to treat these lesions.
Living with inflammatory bowel disease in Australia: quality of life and the impact of support networks
Authors: Baker Kelly A. , Marino Frank E. , Hartmann Tegan E. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Factors that influence quality of life (QoL) are used to determine the burden of disease, risk factors, and monitor management. Objectives: This study investigated the Australian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population and factors that affect QoL. Design: A national online survey was available to Australian IBD patients. Respondents were required to have a medical diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, over 18 years of age, and receive healthcare in Australia. Methods: A mixture of validated questionnaires and additional questions were utilized to assess disease activity, QoL, and depression, anxiety and stress levels as well as demographic information. A variety of nonparametric statistical tests were used to explore relationships and compare groups. Results: A total of 825 participated in the survey across Australia with a 75% completion rate. The median Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis Questionnaire-8 (CUCQ-8) score was 37 with higher scores indicating worse QoL; those who have access to local support networks ( Md = 36) had significantly lower CUCQ-8 scores compared to those who do not ( Md = 44), U = 38,178, p = 0.014, r = 0.1. Similarly, those who feel adequately supported by local networks ( Md = 35) had significantly lower CUCU-8 compared to those who do not ( Md = 48), U = 30,772, p < 0.001, r = 0.21. Furthermore, perceived adequate support was associated with higher levels of QoL and lower levels of psychological stress. Heightened levels of psychological stress were associated with reduced QoL and increased disease activity. Conclusion: Support networks are essential to improve QoL. Local support networks may reduce psychological stress, improve disease activity, and enhance QoL. Management strategies are inadequate to minimize the decline in QoL when disease activity is heightened; therefore, the integration of adequate local support networks may be beneficial to assist management for Australians with IBD.