bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refining Angiographic Biomarkers of Revascularization
Authors: Yoo Albert J. , Simonsen Claus Z. , Prabhakaran Shyam , Chaudhry Zeshan A. , Issa Mohammad A. , Fugate Jennifer E. , Linfante Italo , Liebeskind David S. , Khatri Pooja , Jovin Tudor G. , Kallmes David F. , Dabus Guilherme , Zaidat Osama O. 
Published: August 2013

Background and Purpose—
Angiographic revascularization grading after intra-arterial stroke therapy is limited by poor standardization, making it unclear which scale is optimal for predicting outcome. Using recently standardized criteria, we sought to compare the prognostic performance of 2 commonly used reperfusion scales.

Methods—
Inclusion criteria for this multicenter retrospective study were acute ischemic stroke attributable to middle cerebral artery M1 occlusion, intra-arterial therapy, and 90-day modified Rankin scale score. Post–intra-arterial therapy reperfusion was graded using the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) scales. The scales were compared for prediction of clinical outcome using receiver-operating characteristic analysis.

Results—

Of 308 patients, mean age was 65 years, and median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 17. The mean time from stroke onset to groin puncture was 305 minutes. There was no difference in the time to treatment between patients grouped by final TIMI (ie, 0 versus 1 versus 2 versus 3) or mTICI grades (ie, 0 versus 1 versus 2a versus 2b versus 3). Good outcome (modified Rankin scale, 0–2) was achieved in 32.5% of patients, and mortality rate was 25.3% at 90 days. There was a 6.3% rate of parenchymal hematoma type 2. In receiver-operating characteristic analysis, mTICI was superior to TIMI for predicting 90-day modified Rankin scale 0 to 2 (c-statistic: 0.74 versus 0.68;
P
<0.0001). The optimal threshold for identifying a good outcome was mTICI 2b to 3 (sensitivity 78.0%; specificity 66.1%).

Conclusions—
mTICI is superior to TIMI for predicting clinical outcome after intra-arterial therapy. mTICI 2b to 3 is the optimal biomarker for procedural success.
The Pure and the Pious: Corporeality, Flow, and Transgression in Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity
Authors: Hannig Anita 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This article addresses a key problem at the intersection of medicine and religion: how do people fashion themselves into moral subjects in the midst of acute bodily suffering? In particular, how can we situate the wounded, porous body of obstetric fistula in relation to Ethiopian Orthodox Christian ideals of purity and containment? Through an analysis of regimens of embodied piety among Orthodox Christians in the Amhara region of Ethiopia, this article seeks to delineate the multiplicity of ways in which fistula sufferers are able to exercise their religiosity in the face of their physical affliction, and how they use the very symbols that would seem to alienate them to achieve a powerfully enlightened subject position. This study thus complicates static notions of the sacred to reveal the recursive nature of holiness, and shows that recognition of the body’s imperfection is built into the very system of Orthodox belief and practice.
Reply to “Comments on ‘Preconditioning Deep Convection with Cumulus Congestus’”
Authors: Hohenegger Cathy , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In his comment, D. M. Schultz asked for clarification concerning (i) the validity of the results of C. Hohenegger and B. Stevens for the development of convection over the midlatitudes and (ii) the exact meaning and computation of the term “moisture convergence.” This reply aims at clarifying these two aspects.
Probabilistic Models of Maximum Precipitation for Designing Sewerage
Authors: Kotowski Andrzej , Kaźmierczak Bartosz 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Pluviographic measurement results from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW) Wrocław–Strachowice meteorological station from the years 1960–2009 constitute the basis for this paper. While conducting the statistical analysis of precipitation occurrence frequency, the criterion of interval precipitation amounts was assumed in order to isolate the intensive rainfalls from the pluviograms, which made it possible to select a number of the most intensive rainfalls in each year. A total of 514 synthetic rainfall instances were isolated, which were then were arranged according to non-increasing amounts in 16 duration intervals. This was the basis to propose the unification of the development methodology of probabilistic models for maximum precipitation amounts, reliable in the designing and verification of drain flow capacity, especially for low probability of precipitation occurrence. Maximum precipitation models for Wrocław were developed (average annual precipitation H = 590 mm).
The Development and Evolution of Two Atmospheric Rivers in Proximity to Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones in October 2010
Authors: Cordeira Jason M. , Ralph F. Martin , Moore Benjamin J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis study investigates the evolution of two zonally elongated atmospheric rivers (ARs) that produced &gt;200 mm of rainfall over mountainous regions of Northern California in late October 2010. Synoptic-scale analysis and air parcel trajectory analysis indicate that the ARs developed within high-CAPE environments characterized by troposphere-deep ascent as water vapor was transported directly from western North Pacific tropical cyclones (TCs) toward the equatorward entrance region of an intensifying North Pacific jet stream (NPJ). The same ARs were subsequently maintained as water vapor was transported from extratropical and subtropical regions over the central and eastern North Pacific in an environment characterized by quasigeostrophic forcing for ascent and strong frontogenesis along the anticyclonic shear side of an intense and zonally extended NPJ. Although the ARs developed in conjunction with water vapor transported from regions near TCs and in the presence of troposphere-deep ascent, an atmospheric water vapor budget illustrates that decreases in integrated water vapor (IWV) via precipitation are largely offset by the horizontal aggregation of water vapor along the AR corridors via IWV flux convergence in the presence of frontogenesis. The frameworks used for investigations of predecessor rain events ahead of TCs and of interactions between recurving TCs and the NPJ are also utilized to illustrate many dynamically similar processes related to AR development and evolution. Similarities include the following: water vapor transport directly from a TC, troposphere-deep ascent in a high-CAPE environment beneath the equatorward entrance region of an intensifying upper-tropospheric jet streak, interactions between diabatic outflow and an upper-tropospheric jet streak, and strong frontogenesis.
The Impact of Dropwindsonde and Supplemental Rawinsonde Observations on Track Forecasts for Hurricane Irene (2011)
Authors: Majumdar Sharanya J. , Brennan Michael J. , Howard Kate 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Because of the threat that Hurricane Irene (2011) posed to the United States, supplemental observations were collected for assimilation into operational numerical models in the hope of improving forecasts of the storm. Synoptic surveillance aircraft equipped with dropwindsondes were deployed twice daily over a 5-day period, and supplemental rawinsondes were launched from all upper-air sites in the continental United States east of the Rocky Mountains at 0600 and 1800 UTC, marking an unprecedented magnitude of coverage of special rawinsondes at the time. The impact of assimilating the supplemental observations on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) model track forecasts of Irene was evaluated over the period that these observations were collected. The GFS track forecasts possessed small errors even in the absence of the supplemental observations, providing little room for improvement on average. The assimilation of the combined dropwindsonde and supplemental rawinsonde data provided small but statistically significant improvements in the 42–60-h range for GFS forecasts initialized at 0600 and 1800 UTC. The primary improvement from the dropwindsonde data was also within this time range, with an average improvement of 20% for 48-h forecasts. The rawinsonde data mostly improved the forecasts beyond 3 days by modest amounts. Both sets of observations provided small, additive improvements to the average cross-track errors. Investigations of individual forecasts identified corrections to the model analyses of the Atlantic subtropical ridge and an upstream midlatitude short-wave trough over the contiguous United States due to the assimilation of the extra data.
Effect of building envelope on thermal environmental conditions of a naturally ventilated building block in tropical climate
Authors: Dhaka Shivraj , Mathur Jyotirmay , Garg Vishal 
Published: August 2013

This article presents the effect of envelope measures on thermal environmental conditions of a naturally ventilated building block in composite climate of India. Envelope measures such as roof U-value, wall U-value, glass U-value and glass solar heat gain coefficient, roof reflectance and two combinations of these measures (total seven cases) are analysed as recommended by National Energy Conservation Building Code-India (ECBC) through prescriptive route. Subject building is modelled and simulated using dynamic thermal simulation tool. Two approaches of thermal comfort have been used in this study such as heat balance model based on laboratory study and adaptive model of thermal comfort based on field findings. Thermal environmental conditions are evaluated based on operative temperature with and without considering the effect of thermal adaptation. This study found that comfortable temperature varies from 20.3℃ to 31.5℃ based on calculation of comfortable temperature through comfort temperature equation during winter to summer season in warm climatic conditions. This study concludes that envelope with ECBC specifications offer 60% hours under comfort state which were not comfortable with conventional practiced envelope specifications of India. The same methodology is also used to investigate the effect of ECBC envelope specifications in other climatic conditions such as hot and dry, and warm and humid climate of India. Practical applications: The thermal performance of building envelope varies from climate to climate therefore care should be taken to choose particular envelope measure. This study aims to improve comfort conditions in naturally ventilated building block considering building code with/without thermal adaptation. This research would be helpful to architects, engineers and building constructors to choose the most effective or climate responsive envelope option for better thermal environment quality of the proposed building design. Use of thermal simulation tool is also recommended to examine the effect of envelope options on thermal comfort.
Effect of balconies and upper–lower vents on ventilation and indoor air quality in a wind-induced, naturally ventilated building
Authors: Cui DJ , Mak CM , Niu JL 
Published: August 2013

Balconies are green features commonly used in residential buildings to improve natural ventilation and air quality. Small vents, if mounted with an acoustic silencer, can reduce noise penetration while still allowing natural ventilation to occur. In this study, the computational fluid dynamics method is used to investigate numerically the effect of balconies with small upper and lower vents on the ventilation and air quality of the 4th, 5th and 6th floors of a 10-storey building. The results show that balconies can significantly increase the natural ventilation on these floors and generally have a more positive effect on the improvement of natural ventilation and the reduction in pollutant concentration on the floor on which they are located rather than on the levels above or below. Practical application: This study will help designers and engineers understand more about the effect of balconies and lower and upper vents on natural ventilation and indoor air quality in buildings. This study will also help them to incorporate with confidence the design of balconies with lower and upper vents.
Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy in the Management of T3 Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Mercante Giuseppe , Grammatica Alberto , Battaglia Paolo , Cristalli Giovanni , Pellini Raul , Spriano Giuseppe 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveTo evaluate the oncologic results only in T3 glottic and supraglottic cancers regarding supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) not requiring total laryngectomy and to assess functional results by self‐evaluation by the patient.Study DesignCase series with medical record review.SettingSingle tertiary care center.Subjects and MethodsThirty‐two patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, previously untreated, who underwent SCPL with cricohyoidopexy or cricohyoidoepiglottopexy were reviewed.ResultsAt 1, 3, and 5 years, the disease‐free survival rates were 96.9%, 89.4%, and 78.2%; overall survival rates were 96.9%, 93.2%, and 87.3%; local control and locoregional control rates were 100%, 96.2%, and 96.2%; and distant metastasis–free survival rates were 100%, 100%, and 88.2%, respectively. Aspiration pneumonia was the most common complication observed. The 3 laryngeal functions (speech, swallowing, and breathing) were spared in 83.9% of patients.ConclusionSupracricoid partial laryngectomy for selected glottic and supraglottic T3 tumors has excellent oncologic and functional results.
Risk Factors for Unplanned Hospital Readmission in Otolaryngology Patients
Authors: Graboyes Evan M. , Liou Tzyy‐Nong , Kallogjeri Dorina , Nussenbaum Brian , Diaz Jason A. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveIdentify the risk factors that predict 30‐day unplanned readmission in hospitalized otolaryngology patients.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingSingle academic hospital.Subjects and MethodsAll otolaryngology admissions for the 1‐year period between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2011, at an academic hospital were reviewed. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression, employing a backward elimination stepwise approach, were performed to identify risk factors for unplanned readmission to the hospital within 30 days of discharge from the otolaryngology service.ResultsThere were 1058 patients that accounted for 1271 hospital admissions. The 30‐day unplanned readmission rate for patients discharged from the otolaryngology service was 7.3% (93/1271). Significant predictors identified on univariate analysis were used to build a multivariable logistic regression model of risk factors for unplanned readmission. These risk factors included presence of a complication (odds ratio [OR] = 11.60, 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.11‐18.93), new total laryngectomy (OR = 4.72, 95% CI, 1.58‐14.10), discharge destination of skilled nursing facility (OR = 2.70, 95% CI, 1.21‐6.02), severe coronary artery disease or chronic lung disease (OR = 2.33, 95% CI, 1.38‐3.93), and current illicit drug use (OR = 2.60, 95% CI, 1.27‐5.34). The discriminative ability of the multivariate regression model to predict unplanned readmissions, as measured by the c‐statistic, was 0.85.ConclusionOtolaryngology patients have unique risk factors that predict unplanned readmission within 30 days of discharge. These data identify specific patient characteristics and care processes that can be targeted with quality improvement interventions to decrease unplanned readmissions.
A prospective study of prevalence and characterization of headache following mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lucas Sylvia , Hoffman Jeanne M , Bell Kathleen R , Dikmen Sureyya 
Published: August 2013

Background Headache is one of the most common and persistent symptoms following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The current study examines the prevalence and characteristics of headache following mild TBI (mTBI). Methods We prospectively enrolled 212 subjects within one week of mTBI who were hospitalized for observation or other system injuries in a single level 1 US trauma center and followed by telephone at three, six, and 12 months after injury for evaluation of headache. Headaches were classified according to ICHD-2 criteria as migraine, probable migraine, tension-type, cervicogenic, or unclassifiable headache. Results Subjects were 76% male and 75% white, and 58% were injured in vehicle-related crashes. A follow-up rate of 90% (190/212) occurred at 12 months post-injury. Eighteen percent (38/212) of subjects reported having a problem with headaches pre-injury while 54% (114/210) of subjects reported new or worse headaches compared to pre-injury immediately after injury, 62% (126/203) at three months, 69% (139/201) at six months, and 58% (109/189) at one year. Cumulative incidence was 91% (172/189) over one year. Up to 49% of headaches met criteria for migraine and probable migraine, followed by tension-type headaches (up to 40%). Age (≤ 60) was found to be a risk factor, but no significant difference was found in persistence of new or worse headache compared to pre-injury between males and females. More than one-third of the subjects reported persistent headache across all three follow-up time periods. Conclusions Headache after mTBI is very common and persistent across the first year after injury. Assertive, early treatment may be warranted to avoid chronicity and disability. Further research is needed to determine whether post-traumatic headache (PTH) responds to headache treatment used in the primary headache disorders and whether chronic PTH is preventable.
Triptans and serious adverse vascular events: Data mining of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database
Authors: Roberto Giuseppe , Piccinni Carlo , D’Alessandro Roberto , Poluzzi Elisabetta 
Published: August 2013

Aim The aim of this article is to investigate the vascular safety profile of triptans through an analysis of the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FDA_AERS) database with a special focus on serious and unexpected adverse events. Methods A case/non-case analysis was performed on the reports entered in the FDA_AERS from 2004 to 2010: Cases were reports with at least one event included in the MedDRA system organ classes ‘Cardiac disorder’ or ‘Vascular disorders’, whereas non-cases were all the remaining reports. Co-reported cardiovascular drugs were used as a proxy of cardiovascular risk and the adjusted reporting odds ratio (adj.ROR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was calculated. Disproportionality signals were defined as adj.ROR value >1. Adverse events were considered unexpected if not mentioned on the relevant label. Results Among 2,131,688 reports, 7808 concerned triptans. Cases were 2593 among triptans and 665,940 for all other drugs. Unexpected disproportionality signals were found in the following high-level terms of the MedDRA hierarchy: ‘Cerebrovascular and spinal necrosis and vascular insufficiency’ (103 triptan cases), ‘Aneurysms and dissections non-site specific’ (15), ‘Pregnancy-associated hypertension’ (10), ‘Reproductive system necrosis and vascular insufficiency’ (3). Discussion Our analysis revealed three main groups of unexpected associations between triptans and serious vascular events: ischaemic cerebrovascular events, aneurysms and artery dissections, and pregnancy-related vascular events. A case-by-case assessment is needed to confirm or disprove their plausibility and large-scale analytical studies should be planned for risk rate estimation. In the meantime, clinicians should pay special attention to migraine diagnosis and vascular risk assessment before prescribing a triptan, also promptly reporting any unexpected event to pharmacovigilance systems.
A Prospective Randomized Study Comparing Double- and Single-Bundle Techniques for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ahldén Mattias , Sernert Ninni , Karlsson Jón , Kartus Jüri 
Published: August 2013

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the results after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using either the double-bundle or single-bundle technique with hamstring tendon autografts in an unselected group of patients. Hypothesis: Double-bundle ACL reconstruction will render a better outcome on the pivot-shift test. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A randomized series of 103 patients (33 women, 70 men; median age, 27 years; range, 18-52 years) with a unilateral ACL rupture underwent anatomic ACL reconstruction. The double-bundle technique was used in 53 patients, and the single-bundle technique was used in 50 patients. The ACL footprint was visualized, and the femoral tunnel was drilled through the anteromedial portal; interference screw fixation was used at both ends. The patients were examined preoperatively and at a median of 26 months (range, 22-42 months) after the reconstruction by a blinded observer. The primary variable was the pivot-shift test. Results: At 2-year follow-up, 98 patients (93%) were examined. Clinical assessments at follow-up revealed no significant differences between the double-bundle and single-bundle groups in terms of the pivot-shift test, KT-1000 arthrometer laxity measurements, manual Lachman test, range of motion, Lysholm knee scoring scale, Tegner activity scale, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis and Outcome Score (KOOS), 1-legged hop test, and square hop test. A significant improvement was seen in both groups compared with the preoperative values in terms of most clinical assessments. Conclusion: In this prospective randomized study, the primary variable, the pivot-shift test, and other subjective and objective outcome variables revealed no significant differences between the double-bundle and single-bundle techniques at 2 years after ACL reconstruction in an unselected group of patients.
Treatment of Primary Infected Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysm With the Multilayer Stent
Authors: Flis Vojko , Matela Jože , Breznik Silva , Kobilica Nina 
Published: August 2013

Purpose: To report the use of multilayer uncovered stent to treat primary infected juxtarenal aortic aneurysm. Case Report: A 50-year-old man was admitted to hospital for rapid onset of intractable abdominal pain and high fever. Computed tomographic scan showed 2 juxtarenal saccular aneurysms of abdominal aorta with morphologic and clinical changes compatible with infectious etiology. Patient was treated with multilayer flow-modulating stent. Follow-up imaging showed persistent aneurysm exclusion and continuous aneurysm shrinkage of the sac until complete regression to a normal aortic configuration was seen at 1 year. During follow-up (24 months), patient continued to do well, and there was no recurrence of infection. Conclusion: Multilayer stent appeared to be an acceptable treatment option for primary infected juxtarenal aortic aneurysms. Aneurysmal sac completely disappeared and visceral branches remained patent at 2-year follow-up. However, longer follow-up is necessary to evaluate the long-term patency of involved visceral arteries.