bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘DANGEROUS PERFECTION’ AND AN OLD PUZZLE RESOLVED: A ‘NEW’ APULIAN KRATER INSPIRED BY EURIPIDES' ANTIOPE
Authors: VILLING ALEXANDRA 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
An Apulian calyx krater attributed to the Underworld Painter that entered the British Museum in 1867 as part of the collection of the Duc de Blacas (GR 1867,0508.1335, Vase F270) has long puzzled scholars on account of its enigmatic iconography, seemingly representing Orpheus and Cerberus in the Underworld. Yet cleaning of the vase some 50 years ago – hitherto unnoticed by scholarship – revealed Cerberus to be a regular single-headed dog. Two additional heads were added during nineteenth-century ‘restoration’ in the accomplished early nineteenth-century Neapolitan restorers' workshops headed by Raffaele Gargiulo. A new reading of the scene identifies it as the dialogue between Amphion and Zethos, a key episode in Euripides' play Antiope that is also referred to in Plato's Gorgias as emblematic of the rival concepts of the ‘active’ and the ‘contemplative’ life.
MYTH, CULT, AND PERFORMANCE: SIR JOHN SOANE'S CAWDOR VASE
Authors: SMITH TYLER JO 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The Cawdor Vase was purchased by Sir John Soane in 1800, launching the London architect's career as a collector of antiquities. The Apulian red-figure volute-krater (4th c. BC) is displayed in the dining room of Soane's house-museum at no. 13 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the exact location it occupied when Soane died in 1837. The krater appears in artistic representations and section drawings of the house, as well as in descriptions of the museum and its holdings. Prominent modern scholars (Vermeule and Trendall) studied the object, securing its place in the corpus of South Italian wares.
As intriguing as its role in the history of collecting and reception is the Cawdor Vase's unique iconography. On one side is an enigmatic version of the preparations for the chariot race of Oinomaos and Pelops, and on the other a familiar type of naiskos scene. The decoration on the vase, taken as a whole, reveals the different stages of the famous myth and can be connected with textual accounts, the cult of Pelops, Apulian funerary ritual, and the foundation of the Olympic Games.
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Removal in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device Associated Infections
Authors: KRISHNAMOORTHY ARUN , POKORNEY SEAN D. , LEWIS ROBERT K. , DAUBERT JAMES P. , GREENFIELD RUTH A. , HEGLAND DONALD D. , MILANO CARMELO A. , ROGERS JOSEPH G. , SCHRODER JACOB N. , PATEL CHETAN B. , PICCINI JONATHAN P. 
Published: June 2014

CIED Removal in LVAD InfectionsIntroductionHeart failure patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are at risk for infection. Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are commonly present in these patients. The course of infections in patients with an LVAD and a CIED is not well described.Methods and ResultsWe identified 6 patients with a durable LVAD that underwent CIED removal because of an LVAD associated infection (LVADI). Patient and infection characteristics, management strategy, and clinical outcomes are described. All 6 patients were male, and the mean age was 59.6 years (range 43–72). Four of 6 patients had an ischemic cardiomyopathy, and 3 patients were diabetic. The median creatinine clearance for patients was 40.5 mg/dL (range 19–65). Five of 6 patients had a continuous flow LVAD placed as destination therapy. Four of 6 patients had a previous LVADI managed medically before the current infection leading to CIED removal. The indication for CIED removal was a bloodstream infection in 5 of 6 patients. Three of these patients had potential vegetations identified by echocardiography on device leads. The mean implanted age of the removed leads was 62 months (range 1–179), and 1 of the 6 patients experienced a procedural complication (hematoma) from CIED removal. Four of 6 patients that underwent CIED removal for an LVADI had recurrence of infection. Five of 6 patients died during the initial presentation or from repeat presentation for infection.ConclusionDespite CIED removal for an LVADI, recurrent infections are common and mortality remains high.
Functional Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Renal Dysfunction and Subsequent Long‐Term Mortality
Authors: BOGDAN STEFAN , KLEMPFNER ROBERT , SABBAG AVI , LURIA DAVID , GUREVITZ OSNAT , BAR‐LEV DAVID , LIPCHENCA IGOR , NOF EYAL , KUPERSTEIN RAFAEL , GOLDENBERG ILAN , ELDAR MICHAEL , GLIKSON MICHAEL , BEINART ROY 
Published: June 2014

CRT Response in Patients with Renal DysfunctionIntroductionRenal dysfunction is associated with increased morbi‐mortality in heart failure patients. Data regarding functional and clinical efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in this population are limited.Methods and ResultsWe aimed to evaluate the rate of functional response to CRT in patients with renal dysfunction and its association with long‐term mortality.Our study included a total of 179 consecutive patients implanted between 2007 and 2010. The rate of functional response to CRT (defined by a composite score using New York Heart Association functional class, 6‐minute walk test, and quality of life) was compared between patients with and without renal dysfunction (defined as eGFR < or ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Survival analysis estimates were constructed according to the Kaplan–Meier method, with results comparison using the log‐rank test.During a median follow‐up of 4.2 years, 73 patients (40%) died. Patients with low eGFR were older (72 ± 8 years vs. 64 ± 12 years; P < 0.001), and had higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease (75% vs. 53%; P = 0.003). Functional response rates did not differ significantly between patients with and without renal dysfunction (58% and 69%, respectively; P = 0.14). Despite overall higher mortality in patients with low eGFR (53.8% vs. 22.7%; P < 0.001), the presence of functional response at 1 year among patients with renal dysfunction was still independently associated with an improved long‐term survival (HR = 0.49 [95%CI: 0.28–0.83]; P = 0.009).ConclusionFunctional response to CRT at 1 year does not differ significantly between patients with or without kidney disease, and is an independent predictor of improved long‐term survival in patients with renal dysfunction.
Impact of Pacing Site on QRS Duration and Its Relationship to Hemodynamic Response in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: DERVAL NICOLAS , BORDACHAR PIERRE , LIM HAN S. , SACHER FREDERIC , PLOUX SYLVAIN , LABORDERIE JULIEN , STEENDIJK PAUL , DEPLAGNE ANTOINE , RITTER PHILIPPE , GARRIGUE STEPHANE , DENIS ARNAUD , HOCINI MÉLÈZE , HAISSAGUERRE MICHEL , CLEMENTY JACQUES , JAÏS PIERRE 
Published: June 2014

Electrical Impact of the Left Ventricular Pacing Site in CRTIntroductionRecent studies have demonstrated that left ventricular (LV) pacing site is a critical parameter in optimizing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The present study evaluates the effect of pacing from different LV locations on QRS duration (QRSd) and their relationship to acute hemodynamic response in congestive heart failure patients.Methods and ResultsThirty‐five patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and left bundle branch block referred for CRT device implantation were studied. Eleven predetermined LV pacing sites were systematically assessed in random order: epicardial: coronary sinus (CS); endocardial: basal and mid‐cavity (septal, anterior, lateral, and inferior), apex, and the endocardial site facing the CS pacing site. For each patient QRSd and +dP/dtmax during baseline (AAI) and DDD LV pacing at 2 atrioventricular delays were compared. Response to CRT was significantly better in patients with wider baseline QRSd (≥150 milliseconds). Hemodynamic response was inversely correlated to increase of QRSd during LV pacing (short atrioventricular [AV] delay: r = 0.44, P < 0.001; long AV delay: r = 0.59, P < 0.001). Compared to baseline, LV pacing at the site of shortest QRSd significantly improved +dP/dtmax (+18 ± 25%, P < 0.001) but was not superior to other conventional strategy (lateral wall, CS pacing, and echo‐guided) and was inferior to a hemodynamically guided strategy.ConclusionsIn our study, we have demonstrated that changes of QRSd during LV pacing correlated with acute hemodynamic response and that LV pacing location was a primary determinant of paced QRSd. Although QRSd did not predict the maximum hemodynamic response, our results confirm the link between electrical activation and hemodynamic response of the LV during CRT.
Role of elevated serum uric acid levels at the onset of overt nephropathy in the risk for renal function decline in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tanaka Kentaro , Hara Shigeko , Hattori Masakazu , Sakai Ken , Onishi Yukiko , Yoshida Yoko , Kawazu Shoji , Kushiyama Akifumi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAims/IntroductionDespite the use of intensive therapies, declining renal function is often observed during the overt nephropathy stage of type 2 diabetes. We aimed at investigating the role of serum uric acid (SUA) levels at the onset of overt nephropathy in the risk of renal function decline in type 2 diabetes patients.Materials and MethodsThe present cohort study included 290 type 2 diabetes patients who were followed from the onset of overt nephropathy. The relationship between SUA and declining renal function was assessed using Cox regression models after adjusting for known risk factors.ResultsOver a median 4.8‐year follow‐up period, 85 patients (4.9/100 person‐years) showed serum creatinine (Cr) doubling with a total cumulative incidence of 71.9% at 20 years of follow up. The highest SUA tertile resulted in significantly a higher incidence (7.7/100 person‐years) and cumulative incidence at 20 years (85.7%) than the middle (3.9/100 person‐years, 54.2%) and lowest (3.0/100 person‐years, 55.5%) tertiles. The univariate Cox hazard model resulted in significant risks for Cr doubling related to female sex, short diabetes duration, smoking and elevated levels of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐c), glycated hemoglobin and SUA tertiles. SUA tertiles remained statistically significant in the multivariate model (highest vs lowest hazard ratio 2.68, 95% confidence interval 1.48−5.00, P = 0.0009).ConclusionsElevated SUA levels within the normal range (men >6.3 mg/dL, women >5.1) at the onset of overt nephropathy resulted in an increased risk for declining renal function in type 2 diabetes patients.
Monitoring oriental fruit moth and codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with combinations of pheromones and kairomones
Authors: Knight A. , Cichon L. , Lago J. , Fuentes‐Contreras E. , Barros‐Parada W. , Hull L. , Krawczyk G. , Zoller B. , Hansen R. , Hilton R. , Basoalto E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractExperiments were conducted in North and South America during 2012–2013 to evaluate the use of lure combinations of sex pheromones (PH), host plant volatiles (HPVs) and food baits in traps to capture the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), and codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), in pome and stone fruit orchards treated with sex pheromones. The combination of the sex pheromone of both species (PH combo lure) significantly increased G. molesta and marginally decreased C. pomonella captures as compared with captures of each species with either of their sex pheromones alone. The addition of a HPV combination lure [(E,Z)‐2,4‐ethyl decadienoate plus (E)‐β‐ocimene] or acetic acid used alone or together did not significantly increase the catch of either species in traps with the PH combo lure. The Ajar trap baited with terpinyl acetate and brown sugar (TAS bait) caught significantly more G. molesta than the delta trap baited with PH combo plus acetic acid in California during 2012. The addition of a PH combo lure to an Ajar trap significantly increased catches of G. molesta compared to the use of the TAS bait or PH combo lure alone in 2013. Female G. molesta were caught in TAS‐baited Ajar traps at similar levels with or without the use of additional lures. Ajar traps baited with the TAS bait alone or with (E)‐β‐ocimene and/or PH combo lures caught significantly fewer C. pomonella than delta traps with sex pheromone alone. Ajar traps with 6.4‐mm screened flaps caught similar numbers of total and female G. molesta as similarly baited open Ajar traps, and with a significant reduction in the catch of non‐targets. Broader testing of HPV and PH combo lures for G. molesta in either delta or screened or open Ajar traps is warranted.
Effects of dietary lipid levels on mitochondrial gene expression in low and high‐feed efficient families of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
Authors: Eya J. C. , Yossa R. , Ashame M. F. , Pomeroy C. F. , Gannam A. L. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA 2 × 3 factorial study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid level on mitochondrial gene expression in mixed sex rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Practical diets with a fixed crude protein content of 42%, formulated to contain 10% (42/10), 20% (42/20) and 30% (42/30) dietary lipid, were fed to triplicate groups of either low‐feed efficient (F129; mean ± s.d. = 105·67 ± 3·04 g initial average mass) or high‐feed efficient (F134; mean ± s.d. = 97·86 ± 4·02 g) families of fish, to apparent satiety, twice per day, for 108 days. At the end of the experiment, diets 42/20 and 42/30 led to similar fish condition factors, which were higher than that observed with diet 42/10 (P < 0·05). F134 fish fed diet 42/10 showed the highest hepato‐somatic index, while there was no significant difference among all the other treatments (P < 0·05). When the group of F134 fish fed diet 42/10 was used as the calibrator for gene expression analysis, the five genes selected for their involvement in lipid metabolism (complex I‐nd1, complex III‐cytb, complex IV‐cox1, complex IV‐cox2 and complex V‐atp6) were up‐regulated in the muscle and down‐regulated in both the liver and the intestine. There was a significant family × diet interaction regarding nd1, cox2 and atp6 in the liver; nd1, cytb, cox1, cox2 and atp6 in the intestine, and nd1, cytb, cox1, cox2 and atp6 in the muscle (P < 0·05). The overall results of this study constitute basic information for the understanding of molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism at the mitochondrial level in fishes.
Dapagliflozin Added to Usual Care in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease: A 24‐Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Study with a 28‐Week Extension
Authors: Leiter Lawrence A. , Cefalu William T. , de Bruin Tjerk W. A. , Gause‐Nilsson Ingrid , Sugg Jennifer , Parikh Shamik J. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of dapagliflozin, a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, for the treatment of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD).DesignRandomized, double‐blind, age‐stratified (<65 and ≥65), 24‐week clinical trial with a 28‐week extension.SettingOne hundred seventy‐three centers in 10 countries.ParticipantsIndividuals (N = 964) with T2DM, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.0% to 10.0%, and documented CVD.InterventionDapagliflozin 10 mg/d or placebo was added to usual care. Participants receiving insulin had their total daily insulin dose reduced by 25% at randomization.MeasurementsTwo equal primary end points: change from baseline in HbA1c and proportion of participants achieving a three‐item end point (reduction of ≥0.5% in HbA1c, ≥3% in body weight, and ≥3 mmHg in systolic blood pressure) at 24 weeks.ResultsForty‐seven percent were aged 65 and older, 7.7% were aged 75 and older, mean duration of T2DM was 13 years, mean baseline HbA1c was 8.1%, and approximately 60% were taking insulin. The placebo‐corrected change in HbA1c with dapagliflozin was −0.4% at 24 weeks. Significantly more participants achieved the three‐item end point with dapagliflozin (10.0%) than with placebo (1.9%). The placebo‐corrected percentage change in body weight for dapagliflozin was −1.9% (−1.8 kg). Similar results were observed in both age strata, and changes were maintained over 52 weeks. More than one‐quarter (28.2%) of participants receiving dapagliflozin and 25.3% of those receiving placebo experienced hypoglycemia. More participants receiving dapagliflozin had vulvovaginitis, balanitis, or urinary tract infection.ConclusionWhen added to a usual background regimen in an older population with advanced T2DM and preexisting comorbid CVD, dapagliflozin improved glycemic control without an increase in hypoglycemic risk, promoted weight loss, and was well tolerated.
Distance to seed sources and land‐use history affect forest development over a long‐term heathland to forest succession
Authors: Kepfer‐Rojas S. , Schmidt I. K. , Ransijn J. , Riis‐Nielsen T. , Verheyen K. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractQuestionsIs there a spatial pattern in the community structure (stem densities, species richness and species composition) of trees and shrubs during more than 100 yr of heathland to forest succession? To what extent is community structure influenced by land‐use history and distance to seed sources? Do these effects change in time?LocationA 350‐ha heathland (Nørholm) in southwest Denmark was abandoned in 1895 and left for free succession. Prior to abandonment the heathland was under traditional management for centuries.MethodTrees and shrubs were recorded and measured in ten surveys spanning 91 yr (1921–2012). In the first nine surveys, complete censuses were used, whereas 116 randomly placed plots (10‐m radius) were used in the most recent survey. We used mixed models and different multivariate techniques (non‐metric multidimensional scaling and permutational multivariate ANOVA) to analyse spatio‐temporal patterns in stem densities, species richness and species composition and the effects of land‐use history and distance to seed sources.ResultsTree and shrub densities increased exponentially over time and were consistently lower at longer distance from seed sources. Land‐use history affected the rate of increase in tree densities, with lower encroachment rates at previously cultivated soils. Initially, species richness increased rapidly but leveled off in later successional stages. Richness was marginally higher at areas closer to seed sources, whereas it was not affected by land‐use history. The succession showed a shift from early to mid‐successional species over time; but distance to seed source determined which species were colonizing at early stages.ConclusionDistance to seed source and land‐use history can differentially affect the structure and spatial patterns of developing forest communities. Although both factors had long‐lasting effects on rates of colonization, the spatial patterns of colonization and species composition were mainly determined by distance to seed sources. The importance of distance to seed sources became less over time, suggesting that dispersal is a stronger driver at early stages. After more than a century since abandonment, forest covers <30% of the area, indicating that lack of heathland management did not strongly promote tree colonization at this site.
Water and substrate control of cliff communities: patterns among species and phyla
Authors: Aho Ken , Weaver T. , Eversman Sharon 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimsCliff communities tend to be compositionally simple but taxonomically diverse at the phylum/division level. As a result, they provide a setting for examining the responses of distinct phyla (e.g. Anthophyta, Bryophyta and lichens), species within these phyla and communities comprised of these phyla, to the same environmental gradients. Our aims were both descriptive and hypothesis‐driven. We sought to identify major community shifts across water–substrate gradients in a poorly studied system (inland North American cliffs), while considering extant hypotheses concerning the relationships of organisms to environments at different taxonomic scales.LocationSub‐alpine cliffs in northeastern Yellowstone National Park.MethodsCliff faces on two mountains were blocked at nine waterfalls. At each block, community composition was recorded from random samples obtained for three levels of water availability (xeric, mesic and hygric) on two substrates (limestone and andesite). Patterns of cover and richness were compared using Friedman's Rank F‐tests. Community patterns were discerned using permutation MANOVAs, ordinations, and cluster analyses.ResultsPhyletic composition varied in response to water availability. In general, lichens dominated dry sites, while vascular plants dominated wet sites. Anthophyta was the most narrowly specialized phylum, and Bryophyta was the most generalized. Beta diversity was higher at drier sites, due to the dominance of the diverse lichen group. As a result, communities on lime and andesitic substrates were indistinguishable in hygric environments, but significantly different at drier sites. This may have occurred because, while water is limiting for neither substrate in hygric environments, andesites are more likely to absorb and store atmospheric water in drier environments. Indicator species analyses identified 27 distinct species distinguishing water and substrate conditions, or their interactions.ConclusionsOur experimental design uniquely accounted for extraneous variables in its examination of water and substrate effects on cliff communities. Water strongly controlled community composition both among and within phyla through both direct effects and interactions with substrate.
L‐lysine dose dependently delays gastric emptying and increases intestinal fluid volume in humans and rats
Authors: Baruffol C. , Jordi J. , Camargo S. , Radovic T. , Herzog B. , Fried M. , Schwizer W. , Verrey F. , Lutz T. A. , Steingoetter A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundNovel sensory inputs for the control of food intake and gastrointestinal (GI) function are of increasing interest due to the rapid increase in nutrition‐related diseases. The essential amino acid L‐lysine was demonstrated to have a selective impact on food intake, gastric emptying, and intestinal transit in rats, thus indicating a potential novel direct sensory input to assess dietary protein content and quality. The aim of this study was to assess translational aspects of this finding and to investigate the dose‐dependent effect of L‐lysine on human and rat GI function.MethodsL‐lysine doses from 0–800 mg in rats and 0.5–7.5 g in humans were analyzed for their effect on gastric emptying and GI secretion. Human GI function was assessed non‐invasively using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), rat data were acquired using standard lethal measurement methods. L‐lysine dose dependently delayed gastric emptying and stimulated GI secretion in rats as reflected by residual phenol red content and increased gastric wet weight.Key ResultsThe dose‐dependent delay in gastric emptying observed in rats was confirmed in humans with an increase in halftime of gastric emptying of 4 min/g L‐lysine, p < 0.01. Moreover, a dose‐dependent increase in intestinal fluid accumulation was observed (0.4 mL/min/g L‐lysine, p < 0.0001). No effect on alkaline tide, glucose concentration, hematocrit, or visceral sensations was detected.Conclusions & InferencesThis translational study demonstrates comparable dose‐dependent effects of intragastric L‐lysine on GI function in humans and rats and suggests a broader role for individual amino acids in the control of GI motility and secretion in vivo.