bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One giant leap: Helping astronauts walk safely on the moon
Authors: Rhoades Jesse , Geijtenbeek Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Humans walk differently on the Moon, risking musculoskeletal injuries affecting the safety of all crew members. Jesse Rhoades and Thomas Geijtenbeek explain how a new approach to data analysis could reduce this risk for astronauts in NASA’s current Moon exploration programme Artemis
Utilization of a paediatric feeding tube for temporary arterial revascularisation/vascular salvage in traumatic extremity injury within a regional hospital setting
Authors: Arakkakunnel Johnny , Fry Damian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present the management of a 16-year-old female patient with a complete transection of the right brachial artery, following a close-range high velocity penetrating gunshot wound. Due to the unique challenges posed in a regional setting, lack of formal vascular expertise on-site, and inability to transfer to a vascular trauma centre, a Temporary Intravascular Shunt was employed using a paediatric feeding tube to revascularise the limb. This article highlights the successful temporary revascularization approach and the importance of resourcefulness in managing complex vascular trauma in non-specialized centres.
Herbivore-induced volatiles reduce the susceptibility of neighboring tomato plants to transmission of a whitefly-borne begomovirus
Authors: Yang Fengbo , Huang Tianyu , Tong Hong , Shi Xiaobin , Zhang Rong , Gu Weina , Li Yue , Han Peng , Zhang Xiaoming , Yang Yuting , Zhou Zhixiong , Wu Qingjun , Zhang Youjun , Su Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Plant viruses exist in a broader ecological community that includes non-vector herbivores that can impact vector abundance, behavior, and virus transmission within shared host plants. However, little is known about the effects of non-vector herbivore infestation on virus transmission by vector insects on neighboring plants through inter-plant airborne chemicals. In this study, we investigated how volatiles emitted from tomato plants infested with the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) affect the infection of neighboring plants by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Exposure of neighboring tomato plants to volatiles released from T. urticae-infested tomato plants reduced subsequent herbivory as well as TYLCV transmission and infection, and the jasmonic acid signaling pathway was essential for generation of the inter-plant defense signals. We also demonstrated that (E)-β-ocimene and methyl salicylic acid were two volatiles induced by T. urticae that synergistically attenuated TYLCV transmission and infection in tomato. Thus, our findings suggest that plant–plant communication via volatiles likely represents a widespread defensive mechanism that substantially contributes to plant fitness. Understanding such phenomena may help us to predict the occurrence and epidemics of multiple herbivores and viruses in agroecosystems, and ultimately to manage pest and virus outbreaks.
The VR technology-based image restoration of Manchu traditional lifestyle and culture
Authors: Jin Lei , Hamid Abu Bakar Bin Abd , Mustapha Arniatul Aiza Binti , Song Yanli , Liu Xun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study aims to identify the impact of digital means such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) on educational and historical-cultural processes related to the traditional Manchu lifestyle and culture. To achieve this goal, it developed a research scheme based on the example of the Manchu traditions and culture. Accordingly, the research included two-phase testing. Thus, the testing determined the optimal means of creating virtual expositions with augmented reality elements. The study showed the potential of using digital means based on VR and AR in the study of historical and cultural concepts and paradigms related to the traditional Manchu lifestyle and culture. The survey results revealed that the use of VR in the context of studying the traditions and culture of the Manchus increased the learning effectiveness by 50,000 per cent compared to the median initial indicators of the total sample and by 26,316 per cent compared to the median initial indicators of the general focus group. The results of the study have practical value for educational institutions. The research gives insight into the most optimal use of digital means of VR and AR for improving learning effectiveness and student interest.
Social group identities and semantic domains in the ancient Near East
Authors: Lindén Krister , Svärd Saana , Alstola Tero , Jauhiainen Heidi , Hardwick Sam , Sahala Aleksi , Debourse Céline , Bennett Ellie , Tambs Lena , Wasmuth Melanie , Holmqvist Elisabeth , Bonnie Rick , Lorenzon Marta 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Digital Humanities has an increasing need for widely applicable and easy-to-use methods across disciplinary boundaries. We believe that the cross-disciplinary methods we have developed for the study of the ancient Near East are useful for the study of other research questions outside the field of “Digital Assyriology”. The article presents an overview of automated language processing for lexical-semantic analysis, social network analysis, and content analysis. We draw on the work in our research group, which aims to address how changing empires affect social group identities and lifeways in the first millennium BCE in Mesopotamia. The article places the methods our research team has developed into the larger methodological context of Digital Humanities (DH). The article presents an overview of the tools our research group has found useful in our study of ancient social groups. Sections 1 and 2 give the necessary background for the reader to understand the particular challenges related to the study of ancient Mesopotamia and how we have overcome them. The concrete case studies presented in Sections 3 and 4, however, are kept as general as possible, to facilitate similar approaches in adjacent fields of study. Our methodology and approaches are well documented and openly available, and in our view can be used on similar text materials, by other groups interested in DH approaches.
Short-period post-common envelope binaries with Balmer emission from SDSS and LAMOST based on ZTF photometric data
Authors: Li Lifang , Zhang Fenghui 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We present here 55 short-period post-common envelope binaries (PCEBs) containing a hot white dwarf (WD) and a low-mass main sequence (MS). Based on the photometric data from Zwicky Transient Facility survey data Release 19 (ZTF DR19), the light curves are analysed for about 200 WDMS binaries with emission line(s) identified from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) or the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) spectra, in which 55 WDMS binaries are found to exhibit variability in their luminosities with a short period and are thus short-period binaries (i.e. PCEBs). In addition, it is found that the orbital periods of these PCEBs locate in a range from 2.2643 to 81.1526 h. However, only six short-period PCEBs are newly discovered and the orbital periods of 19 PCEBs are improved in this work. Meanwhile, it is found that three objects are newly discovered eclipsing PCEBs, and a object (i.e. SDSS J1541) might be the short-period PCEB with a late M-type star or a brown dwarf companion based on the analysis of its spectral energy distribution. At last, the mechanism(s) being responsible for the emission features in the spectra of these PCEBs are discussed, the emission features arising in their optical spectra might be caused by the stellar activity or an irradiated component owing to a hot WD companion because most of them contain a WD with an effective temperature higher than $\sim$10 000 K.
Galaxy build-up in the first 1.5 Gyr of cosmic history: insights from the stellar mass function at z ~ 4–9 from JWST NIRCam observations
Authors: Weibel Andrea , Oesch Pascal A , Barrufet Laia , Gottumukkala Rashmi , Ellis Richard S , Santini Paola , Weaver John R , Allen Natalie , Bouwens Rychard , Bowler Rebecca A A , Brammer Gabe , Carnall Adam C , Cullen Fergus , Dayal Pratika , Dickinson Mark , Donnan Callum T , Dunlop James S , Giavalisco Mauro , Grogin Norman A , Illingworth Garth D , Koekemoer Anton M , Labbe Ivo , Marchesini Danilo , McLeod Derek J , McLure Ross J , Naidu Rohan P , Pérez-González Pablo G , Shuntov Marko , Stefanon Mauro , Toft Sune , Xiao Mengyuan 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Combining the public JWST/NIRCam imaging programs CEERS, PRIMER, and JADES, spanning a total area of $\sim 500\, {\rm arcmin}^2$, we obtain a sample of $\gt $30 000 galaxies at $z_{\rm phot}\sim 4\!-\!9$ that allows us to perform a complete, rest-optical-selected census of the galaxy population at $z\gt 3$. Comparing the stellar mass $M_*$ and the UV-slope $\beta$ distributions between JWST- and HST-selected samples, we generally find very good agreement and no significant biases. Nevertheless, JWST enables us to probe a new population of UV-red galaxies that was missing from previous HST-based Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) samples. We measure galaxy stellar mass functions (SMFs) at $z\sim 4\!-\!9$ down to limiting masses of $10^{7.5}\!-\!10^{8.5}\, {\rm M_\odot }$, finding steep low-mass slopes over the entire redshift range, reaching values of $\alpha \approx -2$ at $z\gtrsim 6$. At the high-mass end, UV-red galaxies dominate at least out to $z\sim 6$. The implied redshift evolution of the SMF suggests a rapid build-up of massive dust-obscured or quiescent galaxies from $z\sim 6$ to $z\sim 4$ as well as an enhanced efficiency of star formation towards earlier times ($z\gtrsim 6$). Finally, we show that the galaxy mass density grows by a factor $\sim 20\times$ from $z\sim 9$ to $z\sim 4$. Our results emphasize the importance of rest-frame optically selected samples in inferring accurate distributions of physical properties and studying the mass build-up of galaxies in the first 1.5 Gyr of cosmic history.
High-quality chromosome scale genome assemblies of two important Sorghum inbred lines, Tx2783 and RTx436
Authors: Wang Bo , Chougule Kapeel , Jiao Yinping , Olson Andrew , Kumar Vivek , Gladman Nicholas , Huang Jian , Llaca Victor , Fengler Kevin , Wei Xuehong , Wang Liya , Wang Xiaofei , Regulski Michael , Drenkow Jorg , Gingeras Thomas , Hayes Chad , Armstrong J Scott , Huang Yinghua , Xin Zhanguo , Ware Doreen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is a significant grass crop globally, known for its genetic diversity. High quality genome sequences are needed to capture the diversity. We constructed high-quality, chromosome-level genome assemblies for two vital sorghum inbred lines, Tx2783 and RTx436. Through advanced single-molecule techniques, long-read sequencing and optical maps, we improved average sequence continuity 19-fold and 11-fold higher compared to existing Btx623 v3.0 reference genome and obtained 19 and 18 scaffolds (N50 of 25.6 and 14.4) for Tx2783 and RTx436, respectively. Our gene annotation efforts resulted in 29 612 protein-coding genes for the Tx2783 genome and 29 265 protein-coding genes for the RTx436 genome. Comparative analyses with 26 plant genomes which included 18 sorghum genomes and 8 outgroup species identified around 31 210 protein-coding gene families, with about 13 956 specific to sorghum. Using representative models from gene trees across the 18 sorghum genomes, a total of 72 579 pan-genes were identified, with 14% core, 60% softcore and 26% shell genes. We identified 99 genes in Tx2783 and 107 genes in RTx436 that showed functional enrichment specifically in binding and metabolic processes, as revealed by the GO enrichment Pearson Chi-Square test. We detected 36 potential large inversions in the comparison between the BTx623 Bionano map and the BTx623 v3.1 reference sequence. Strikingly, these inversions were notably absent when comparing Tx2783 or RTx436 with the BTx623 Bionano map. These inversion were mostly in the pericentromeric region which is known to have low complexity regions and harder to assemble and suggests the presence of potential artifacts in the public BTx623 reference assembly. Furthermore, in comparison to Tx2783, RTx436 exhibited 324 883 additional Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and 16 506 more Insertions/Deletions (INDELs) when using BTx623 as the reference genome. We also characterized approximately 348 nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) disease resistance genes in the two genomes. These high-quality genomes serve as valuable resources for discovering agronomic traits and structural variation studies.
Practice makes ‘perfect’? The effect of committee specialization on the complexity of parliamentary speeches
Authors: Vodová Petra , Voda Petr 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The complexity of parliamentary speeches is usually interpreted as an MP’s electoral strategy. We take the prism of parliamentary specialization and connect it to the use of issue-specific jargon learned during parliamentary work. We expect that membership in a parliamentary committee and increased experience within it increases the complexity of an MP’s speech about committee-related issues, and that the effect of the work in the committee is stronger for MPs without a previous committee-related professional background. We test our expectations on almost 54,000 speeches in the Czech Chamber of Deputies (2006–2021), using the Flesch Reading Ease formula adapted for the Czech language. The novel dataset connects parliamentary speeches to personal information about the MPs and to responsible committees. The results show the expected effect of committee membership and committee experience, and the interaction effect of a professional background.
Mucilage secretion from the root cap requires the NAC family transcription factor BEARSKIN2
Authors: Liu Zhongyuan , Wang Pengfei , Goh Tatsuaki , Nakajima Keiji , Kang Byung-Ho 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The root cap secretes mucilage and sheds border cells (border-like cells, BLCs) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). These mucilage and root cap-derived cells form a defensive barrier against soil pathogens. BEARSKIN1 (BRN1) and BRN2 are 2 homologous NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) family transcription factors of Arabidopsis, and mucilage secretion is inhibited in the brn1/2 double mutant. BRN1 and BRN2 are also involved in the expression of a pectin-digesting enzyme, POLYGALACTURONASE (RCPG), that facilitates BLC shedding. To further explore the connection between mucilage secretion and BLC shedding, we examined mucilage production in Arabidopsis lines displaying altered BLC detachment. Inactivation of BRN2 blocked mucilage synthesis and secretion, while inactivation of BRN1 and RCPG did not. Interestingly, RCPG sorted into mucilage-carrying vesicles budding from the Golgi and inhibited mucilage secretion in brn2-delayed BLC detachment. The root cap of a germinating seedling is initially covered with a cuticle, which is replaced by mucilage from BLCs as the seedling begins to shed these cells. Ectopic expression of RCPG in germinating seedlings caused early BLC formation and accelerated the cuticle-to-mucilage transition, indicating that RCPG expression and mucilage secretion are co-regulated. Furthermore, brn2 roots exhibited slower growth and increased cell death when subjected to salt or osmotic stress. Our research suggests that BRN2-mediated mucilage secretion contributes to BLC release to build an extracellular defense zone surrounding the root cap.
A mixed-methods study of the impact of sex and situational pain catastrophizing on pain sensitivity
Authors: Chen Yun-Yun K , Wilson Jenna M , Flowers K Mikayla , Colebaugh Carin A , Franqueiro Angelina R , Lirk Philipp , Vlassakov Kamen , Schreiber Kristin L 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
It is well established that catastrophic thinking about pain modulates clinical pain severity, but it may also relate to interindividual differences in the pain experience during procedures. This mixed-methods study investigated the relationship between ratings of situational pain catastrophizing and reported pain sensitivity in the context of receiving a nerve block without sedation, and explored participants’ experiences.

Methods
Healthy volunteers (n = 42) completed baseline psychosocial questionnaires, underwent quantitative sensory testing, and received a lower extremity nerve block, followed by further psychosocial assessment and interviews. Associations of catastrophizing scores with pain sensitivity and procedural site pain were assessed using Spearman correlations. Interviews were reviewed using an immersion/crystallization approach to identify emergent themes.

Results
Greater situational catastrophizing scores were associated with higher pain sensitivity, measured as lower pain threshold and tolerance. Although females exhibited greater pain sensitivity generally, moderation analysis revealed a significant association between situational catastrophizing scores and pain sensitivity only among male participants. Qualitative interviews revealed the importance of participants’ emotional responses to pain, and a mismatch of expectation and experience with procedural pain. Males also reported more negative comments about procedural pain.

Conclusions
Examination of the variable subjective experience while receiving a nerve block in this experimental lab-based study revealed an important relationship between situational pain catastrophizing scores and pain sensitivity, which was more prominent among male participants. These findings reinforce how insight into individual expectations, emotions, and thought processes may impact pain sensitivity during procedures, and may inform strategies to personalize care, improving patient satisfaction and procedural acceptance.
Words not deeds: the weak culture of evidence in the Canadian policy style
Authors: Migone Andrea , Howlett Michael , Howlett Alexander 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Canadian policy style has been described as one of overpromising and underdelivering, where heightened expectations are often met by underwhelming outcomes. Here, we examine the evidentiary style of Canadian policy-making which undergirds and reflects this policy style, particularly the nature of the policy advisory system that contributes to this pattern of policy-making. We do so by assessing how the different components of the advice system, which include academics, consultants, and policy professionals within the public service, are structured and relate to each other within the overall dynamics of information management and policy formulation in the governments of Canada. Using examples from recent efforts to revitalize Canadian government, the paper argues that the federal government in particular shows a pattern of the predominance of non-innovative academic “super-users,” distributed policy shops, and process-oriented analysts and consultants who combine with attributes of federalism and partisan budgetary politics to drive a distinctively fragmented and procedurally-oriented federal policy-making process. In these processes, evidence is often secondary to political posturing and short-term electioneering in program creation and execution, contributing greatly to the national policy style set out above.
Is strict finitism arbitrary?
Authors: Maia Nuno 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Strict finitism posits a largest natural number. The view is usually thought to be objectionably arbitrary. After all, there seems to be no apparent reason as to why the natural numbers should ‘stop’ at a specific point and not a bit later on the natural line. Drawing on how arguments from arbitrariness are employed in mereology, I propose several ways of understanding this objection against strict finitism. No matter how it is understood, I argue that it is always found wanting.
Who gets the grant? A persona-based investigation into research funding panelist preferences
Authors: Santos João M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The allocation of scientific funding through grant programs is crucial for research advancement. While independent peer panels typically handle evaluations, their decisions can lean on personal preferences that go beyond the stated criteria, leading to inconsistencies and potential biases. Given these concerns, our study employs a novel method, using simulated, data-driven, and narrative personas of fictional candidates, to identify the attributes that significantly influence panelist choices and profile what an optimal candidate would look like. Our findings reveal a preference for mid-career, multidisciplinary researchers with significant publications, citations, and prior project experience. Such optimal candidates also lean toward applied science, collaborative research, interactions with both industry and the public, and a progressive stance on science. Contrary to existing literature, this study found indications of a bias toward female candidates, which we interpret as a result of deliberate correction caused by awareness of existing biases in academia. Age emerged as another influential factor, suggesting either a preference for younger researchers or a perception of waning productivity among seasoned academics. Consistency in a candidate’s profile, rather than standout attributes, was also favored by panelists.
A secukinumab dose-escalation study in patients with ankylosing spondylitis not achieving inactive disease after 16 weeks of treatment
Authors: Deodhar Atul , Kivitz Alan J , Magrey Marina , Walsh Jessica A , Mease Philip J , Greenwald Maria , Kianifard Farid , Elam Chelsea , Bommidi Gopi M , Winseck Adam , Gensler Lianne S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the clinical response at week 52 in patients with AS who received secukinumab 300 vs 150 mg after inadequate response to 150 mg at week 16.

Methods
ASLeap (NCT03350815) was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre, phase 4 trial. After 16 weeks of open-label secukinumab 150 mg (Treatment Period 1), patients who did not achieve inactive disease [AS Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) &lt;1.3] at both week 12 and 16 were considered to have an inadequate response and were randomized 1:1 to receive secukinumab 300 or 150 mg every 4 weeks until week 52 (Treatment Period 2). The primary efficacy variable was achievement of ASDAS &lt;1.3 at week 52 using week 16 as baseline. Safety was evaluated by the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) through week 52.

Results
Of 322 patients treated with secukinumab in Treatment Period 1, 207 (64.3%) had inadequate response. Similar proportions of patients with inadequate response randomized to secukinumab 300 mg (n = 101) and 150 mg (n = 105) in Treatment Period 2 completed the study (83.8% and 84.3%, respectively). At week 52, 8.8% and 6.7% of patients receiving secukinumab 300 and 150 mg, respectively, achieved ASDAS &lt;1.3. The incidence of TEAEs was similar in both groups through week 52. No new safety signals were observed.

Conclusion
Patients with AS who did not achieve ASDAS &lt;1.3 after receiving secukinumab 150 mg for 16 weeks experienced similar clinical response and safety through week 52 regardless of dose escalation.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03350815.