bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of both normal and right‐lateral late Quaternary activity along the Kongur Shan extensional system, Chinese Pamir
Authors: Chevalier Marie‐Luce , Pan Jiawei , Li Haibing , Liu Dongliang , Wang Meng 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Kongur Shan Extensional System (KES) is a ~250 km long normal fault system that bounds the Muji–Tashkorgan basin of the Chinese Pamir. It accommodates E–W extension due to the northward indentation of the Pamir salient, and its late Miocene activity has been the focus of tectonic studies. While the KES has a main normal component, ~WNW–ESE‐striking segments have an additional right‐lateral strike‐slip component. Here, we quantify late Quaternary horizontal and vertical slip rates at three locations along the KES, where active faults cut and offset abandoned geomorphic features. We find rates of >3–4 mm a−1 (horizontal) along the western Muji fault in the north and of ~1.7 mm a−1 (vertical) and ~1 mm a−1 (horizontal) along the Kongur Shan fault in the south during the late Pleistocene. These rates are consistent with GPS and late Miocene rates, and imply that E–W extension in the Muji–Tashkorgan basin is faster in the north than in the south.
No Luck in the Distance: A Reply to Freitag
Authors: Broncano‐Berrocal Fernando 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn a recent article in this journal, Wolfgang Freitag argues that Gettier‐style cases that are based on the notion of “distant” epistemic luck cannot be ruled out as cases of knowledge by modal conditions such as safety or sensitivity. I argue that (1) safety and sensitivity can be easily fixed and that (2) Freitag provides no convincing reason for the existence of “distant” epistemic luck.
Reduction in symptomatic malaria prevalence through proactive community treatment in rural Senegal
Authors: Linn Annē M. , Ndiaye Youssoupha , Hennessee Ian , Gaye Seynabou , Linn Patrick , Nordstrom Karin , McLaughlin Matt 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectivesWe piloted a community‐based proactive malaria case detection model in rural Senegal to evaluate whether this model can increase testing and treatment and reduce prevalence of symptomatic malaria in target communities.MethodsHome care providers conducted weekly sweeps of every household in their village throughout the transmission season to identify patients with symptoms of malaria, perform rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) on symptomatic patients and provide treatment for positive cases. The model was implemented in 15 villages from July to November 2013, the high transmission season. Fifteen comparison villages were chosen from those implementing Senegal's original, passive model of community case management of malaria. Three sweeps were conducted in the comparison villages to compare prevalence of symptomatic malaria using difference in differences analysis.ResultsAt baseline, prevalence of symptomatic malaria confirmed by RDT for all symptomatic individuals found during sweeps was similar in both sets of villages (P = 0.79). At end line, prevalence was 16 times higher in the comparison villages than in the intervention villages (P = 0.003). Adjusting for potential confounders, the intervention was associated with a 30‐fold reduction in odds of symptomatic malaria in the intervention villages (AOR = 0.033; 95% CI: 0.017, 0.065). Treatment seeking also increased in the intervention villages, with 57% of consultations by home care providers conducted between sweeps through routine community case management.ConclusionsThis pilot study suggests that community‐based proactive case detection reduces symptomatic malaria prevalence, likely through more timely case management and improved care seeking behaviour. A randomised controlled trial is needed to further evaluate the impact of this model.
A tomato phloem‐mobile protein regulates the shoot‐to‐root ratio by mediating the auxin response in distant organs
Authors: Spiegelman Ziv , Ham Byung‐Kook , Zhang Zhaoliang , Toal Ted W. , Brady Siobhan M. , Zheng Yi , Fei Zhangjun , Lucas William J. , Wolf Shmuel 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe plant vascular system serves as a conduit for delivery of both nutrients and signaling molecules to various distantly located organs. The anucleate sieve tube system of the angiosperm phloem delivers sugars and amino acids to developing organs, and has recently been shown to contain a unique population of RNA and proteins. Grafting studies have established that a number of these macromolecules are capable of moving long distances between tissues, thus providing support for operation of a phloem‐mediated inter‐organ communication network. Currently, our knowledge of the roles played by such phloem‐borne macromolecules is in its infancy. Here, we show that, in tomato, translocation of a phloem‐mobile cyclophilin, SlCyp1, from a wild‐type scion into a mutant rootstock results in restoration of vascular development and lateral root initiation. This process occurs through reactivation of auxin response pathways and reprogramming of the root transcriptome. Moreover, we show that long‐distance trafficking of SlCyp1 is associated with regulation of the shoot‐to‐root ratio in response to changing light intensities, by modulating root growth. We conclude that long‐distance trafficking of SlCyp1 acts as a rheostat to control the shoot‐to‐root ratio, by mediating root development to integrate photosynthesis and light intensity with requirements for access to water and mineral nutrients.
Long‐term experiences in cryopreservation of mobilized peripheral blood stem cells using a closed‐bag system: a technology with potential for broader application
Authors: Spoerl Silvia , Peter Robert , Wäscher Dagmar , Verbeek Mareike , Menzel Helge , Peschel Christian , Krackhardt Angela M. 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDIn several European countries, preparation of cellular products with open manufacturing systems as used for cryopreservation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) needs to be performed in a clean‐room facility. However, this form of manufacturing is highly expensive and laborious. Thus, safe techniques providing improved efficacy regarding time and material, which are in accordance with legal requirements are highly desirable.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe have developed, validated, and applied a simple method for cryopreservation of PBSCs within a functionally closed‐bag system using the closed cryo freeze prep set. This process fulfills good manufacturing practice requirements and allows for the cryopreservation of PBSCs without a clean‐room facility. In addition to cryopreservation of PBSCs, we have recently successfully modified our system for processing, portioning, and cryopreservation of allogeneic donor lymphocytes.RESULTSSince 2010, cryopreservation of PBSCs using a closed‐bag system has been performed in our facility on a routine basis and 210 patients and healthy donors have been included in this analysis. No significant reduction in viability of CD34+ cells and no process‐related contamination were observed. Outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation regarding time of engraftment and infectious complications is comparable to products manufactured in conventional clean‐room facilities.CONCLUSIONOur data confirm that cryopreservation of PBSCs within a functionally closed‐bag system is safe, effective, and economical. Furthermore, the system has the potential to be extended to other manufacturing processes of cellular products.
FY*A silencing by the GATA‐motif variant FY*A(−69C) in a Caucasian family
Authors: Písačka Martin , Marinov Iuri , Králová Miroslava , Králová Jana , Kořánová Michaela , Bohoněk Miloš , Sood Chhavi , Ochoa‐Garay Gorka 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDThe c.1‐67C variant polymorphism in a GATA motif of the FY promoter is known to result in erythroid‐specific FY silencing, that is, in Fy(a−) and Fy(b−) phenotypes. A Caucasian donor presented with the very rare Fy(a−b−) phenotype and was further investigated.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSGenomic DNA was analyzed by sequencing to identify the cause of the Fy(a−b−) phenotype. Samples were collected from some of his relatives to establish a correlation between the serology and genotyping results. Red blood cells were analyzed by gel column agglutination and flow cytometry. Genomic DNA was analyzed on genotyping microarrays, by DNA sequencing and by allele‐specific PCR.RESULTSIn the donor, a single‐nucleotide polymorphism T>C within the GATA motif was found at Position c.1‐69 of the FY promoter and shown to occur in the FY*A allele. His genotype was found to be FY*A(−69C), FY*BW.01. In six FY*A/FY*B heterozygous members of the family, a perfect correlation was found between the presence vs. absence of the FY*A(−69C) variant allele and a Fy(a−) vs. Fy(a+) phenotype.CONCLUSIONThe location of the c.1‐69C polymorphism in a GATA motif whose disruption is known to result in a Fy null phenotype, together with the perfect correlation between the presence of the FY*A(−69C) allele and the Fy(a−) phenotype support a cause–effect relationship between the two.
Extended matched intrauterine transfusions reduce maternal Duffy, Kidd, and S antibody formation
Authors: Schonewille Henk , Prinsen‐Zander Karin J.M. , Reijnart Mila , van de Watering Leo , Zwaginga Jaap‐Jan , Meerman Robertjan H. , van Kamp Inge L. , Brand Anneke 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDSevere alloimmune hemolytic disease of the fetus is treated with intrauterine transfusions (IUTs). Despite C, c, E, e, and K matching between mother and donor, IUT results in new antibodies in approximately 25% of women. Newly formed Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, and S antibodies are in 83% presumably induced by the IUT donor. Therefore, we intentionally extended matching between mother and IUT donor for these additional antigens. The results, after almost 8 years of applying this protocol, are reported.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSData from February 2007 to August 2014 on IUT patients were retrieved from the Leiden University Medical Center database and from donors from the Sanquin National Donor Database. Maternal data included red blood cell (RBC) antigen profiles, RBC antibodies, and date and consecutive number of each IUT. From the fathers, children, and IUT donors the RBC antigen profiles were retrieved.RESULTSA total of 182 fetuses from 159 women were treated with 481 IUTs. Of these, 317 IUTs (66%) were matched for Duffy, Kidd, and S antigens. Only matched IUTs were received by 77 women (48%) and 82 (52%) received (partly) nonmatched IUTs. Evaluable for new antibodies were 142 women. Duffy, Kidd, or S antibodies were formed by three of 69 women (4.3%) after matched IUTs and by eight of 73 women (11.0%) after nonmatched IUTs.CONCLUSIONExtended matching for all IUTs was not possible for approximately 50% of women. Strict adherence to Duffy, Kidd, and S antigens–matched IUTs decreased immunization against these antigens by 60% compared to nonmatched IUTs.
Comparison of biosimilar filgrastim with originator filgrastim for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and engraftment in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Pham Tina , Patil Sushrut , Fleming Shaun , Avery Sharon , Walker Patricia , Wei Andrew , Curtis David , Stuart Georgia , Klarica Daniela , O'Brien Maureen , Morris Karen , Das Tongted , Bollard Geraldine , Muirhead Jennifer , Coutsouvelis John , Spencer Andrew 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDNivestim is a biosimilar approved for the same indications as Neupogen including the mobilization of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). The clinical efficacy and safety of Nivestim for this use have not been formally assessed in clinical trials.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSIn our retrospective single‐center study we compared variables of PBSC mobilization and engraftment of 60 patients mobilized with Nivestim to that of 38 patients mobilized with Neupogen.RESULTSWe found no difference between Nivestim and Neupogen in peripheral blood CD34+ at first leukapheresis (47 × 106 cells/L vs. 60 × 106 cells/L, p = 0.48) nor the total CD34+ collected (5.37 × 106/kg vs. 4.59 × 106/kg, p = 0.22). However, a difference in the median number of leukapheresis procedures (one vs. two, p = 0.0007) was observed. Eighty‐one patients (51 Nivestim and 30 Neupogen mobilized) went on to transplantation. Median time to neutrophil engraftment (15 days vs. 13.5 days, p = 0.09) and platelet (PLT) engraftment (20 days vs. 18 days, p = 0.01) was longer in the Nivestim group. The significant delay in PLT engraftment did not, however, translate to increased PLT transfusions (two vs. three, p = 0.2) or impact significantly on hospitalization time for admissions within 30 days posttransplant (20 days vs. 18 days, p = 0.17).CONCLUSIONNivestim is as effective as Neupogen for PBSC mobilization; however, its use was associated with a delay in PLT recovery. A prospective study should be conducted to confirm our findings.
Effects of teriparatide retreatment in a patient with β‐thalassemia major
Authors: Tournis Symeon , Dede Anastasia D. , Savvidis Christos , Triantafyllopoulos Ioannis K. , Kattamis Antonis , Papaioannou Nikolaos 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDBone disease is a frequent complication of β‐thalassemia major (β‐ΤΜ) and its etiology is multifactorial. Marrow expansion, chronic hypoxia, endocrine complications, and iron overload caused chiefly by chronic transfusion treatment are significant factors affecting skeletal health. Bone disease is prevalent even among patients on regular transfusions and adequate iron chelation. The life expectancy of patients with β‐thalassemia has increased during the past decade and so, nowadays, patients with thalassemia‐associated bone disease (TBD) often require long‐term management. There are limited data concerning their pharmacologic treatment. Bisphosphonates represent the most widely studied agents in such patients and there are no published studies about the effects of anabolic treatment. Retreatment with teriparatide has only occasionally been studied in patients with osteoporosis.CASE REPORTWe present a male adult patient with β‐ΤΜ with a history of low bone mass and multiple vertebral fractures, who required sequential treatment for his longstanding bone disease. He had exhibited considerable, albeit delayed, response to a course of teriparatide treatment for 18 months but subsequently, and while on alendronate, sustained an insufficiency fracture at the left ischiopubic ramus. A second trial of teriparatide treatment resulted in further remarkable increase in total hip and femoral neck bone mineral density. We present the patient's response to sequential treatment during an 8‐year follow‐up.CONCLUSIONTeriparatide could represent an alternative treatment for adults with TBD especially when long‐term, sequential treatment is needed. Although there are limited data concerning retreatment, in selected cases, this might be considered.
Cytologic analysis of the mammary papillar discharge in a canine micropapillary carcinoma
Authors: Cassali Geovanni Dantas , Monteiro Lidianne Narducci , Gamba Conrado de Oliveira , Damasceno Karine Araújo , de Campos Cecília Bonolo , Salgado Breno Souza 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis is a report on the cytologic analysis of the mammary papillar discharge in a 7‐year‐old female Doberman dog with an invasive micropapillary carcinoma. Cytologic evaluation of nipple discharge is a well‐known method for the rapid diagnosis of breast cancer in women. However, there is no previous report regarding the use of this technique for assessing mammary tumors in dogs. The aim of this study was to describe the use of mammary papillar discharge cytology for diagnosing a micropapillary carcinoma in a dog. Cytologically, evaluation of the papillar discharge revealed cells arranged in clusters in a papillary pattern or in a morula‐like arrangement, suggesting the diagnosis of a micropapillary carcinoma, which was subsequently confirmed by histopathology. Thus, mammary papillar discharge cytology should be considered as an ancillary method for evaluating mammary diseases in dogs.
Serum concentrations of allergen‐specific IgE in horses with equine recurrent airway obstruction and healthy controls assessed byELISA
Authors: Niedzwiedz Artur , Jaworski Zbigniew , Kubiak Krzysztof 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundEquine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), also known as heaves, is one of the most common respiratory problems in older horses. WhenRAO‐affected horses stay pastured or in a dust‐free environment for a prolonged time, clinical signs as well as airway inflammation wane. A number of environmental, immunologic, infectious, and genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis ofRAO, and the immunologic basis of this disease is still poorly understood.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the concentrations of allergen‐specific IgE in the serum of horses suffering from RAO and healthy controls.Material and methodsThe study included a group of 14 adult Polish Konik horses, kept in a standardized environment, and divided into 2 groups: 7 horses which did not have any respiratory problems comprised the control group and 7 horses with a history ofRAOconstituted the study group. A clinical and laboratory evaluation, endoscopic examination, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed in all horses. Sera of all horses were tested against allergens from 9 molds and 3 mites using the Heska Allercept assay.ResultsIn the serologic tests, a statistically significant difference between both groups was found for specific IgE against mites, whereinTyrophagus putrescentiacorrelated most clearly withRAO. There was no difference between groups for IgE specific against molds.ConclusionOn the basis of our observations and results, we conclude thatRAOis associated with increased serum concentrations of specific serum IgE against mites, in particularT putrescentia.
Ultrastructural characterization of normal Merkel cells in the dog
Authors: Ramírez Gustavo A. , Rodríguez Francisco , Herráez Pedro , Castro‐Alonso Ayoze , Andrada Marisa , Espinosa‐de‐los‐Monteros Antonio 
Published: July 2015

BackgroundInvolvement of Merkel cells (MKs) in different cutaneous diseases as well as in the growth, differentiation and homeostasis of the skin has been previously documented.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aim was to assess the ultrastructural features of MKs in canine skin, including morphometrics, highlighting their similarities with and differences from those described for other mammals.AnimalsHard palate, nasal planum, lower lip and whisker pad samples were taken from two healthy young dogs destined for academic purposes.MethodsUltrathin sections of samples fixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon 812 resin were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined using a JEOL JEM 2010 transmission electron microscope.ResultsUltrastructural characteristics included the following: (i) arrangement in clusters in the basal layer of the epidermis, oral mucosa and external follicular root sheath; (ii) inconstant link with nerve terminal; (iii) oval (10.27 ± 1.64 μm major axis) cell shape with large lobulated nuclei (5.98 ± 1.16 μm major axis); (iv) spine‐like and thick cytoplasmic processes interdigitating with surrounding keratinocytes; (v) presence of desmosomes in the cell body or at the base of spine‐like processes attaching to neighbouring keratinocytes; and (vi) cytoplasm containing loosely arranged intermediate filaments (10.04 ± 1.17 nm) and numerous dense‐core granules (100.1 ± 17.12 nm) arranged in the basal portion of the cytoplasm.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis study provides the first complete description of the ultrastructural characteristics of MKs in the dog, enhancing our knowledge of the skin structure in this species and providing a basis for future physiological and pathological studies of the role of these cells in normal and damaged canine tissues.
Plasma iron, C‐reactive protein, albumin, and plasma fibrinogen concentrations in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Authors: Torrente Carlos , Manzanilla Edgar G. , Bosch Luis , Fresno Laura , Rivera del Alamo Montserrat , Andaluz Anna , Saco Yolanda , Ruiz de Gopegui Rafael 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value over time of plasma iron compared with the inflammatory markers albumin, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).DesignProspective observational study of sequentially enrolled dogs.SettingICU of a veterinary teaching hospital.AnimalsOne hundred and sixteen client‐owned dogs: 54 dogs with SIRS or sepsis, 42 with focal inflammation, and 20 clinically healthy dogs.Measurements and Main ResultsBlood samples were obtained on admission in all study groups, and then on alternate days until discharge or death in both inflammation groups. On admission, dogs with SIRS had significantly lower plasma iron (65 ± 5.8 μg/dL,P= 0.001) concentrations than dogs with focal inflammation (89.5 ± 6.2 μg/dL,P= 0.001). Plasma iron, albumin, and CRP effectively discriminated the SIRS/sepsis group from those presenting with focal inflammation with areas under the curve for the receiver operating curves of 0.679, 0.834, and 0.704, respectively.The admission values for these variables did not discriminate survivors from nonsurvivors within the SIRS/sepsis group. However, the magnitude of increase in iron concentration and the decrease in CRP concentration from admission to hospital discharge was higher in survivors than in nonsurvivors within the SIRS/septic group (22.8 vs. 2.51 μg/dL, respectively,P= 0.021 for iron; −67.1 vs. −4.1 mg/L, respectively,P= 0.002 for CRP), resulting in iron and CRP concentrations at hospital discharge for survivors similar to those in the focal inflammation group.ConclusionHypoferremia is a sensitive marker of systemic inflammation in dogs. In this study, the increase in iron concentrations during the hospitalization period of SIRS/septic dogs was associated with a better prognosis, suggesting that plasma iron in combination with CRP and albumin concentrations might be used to monitor dogs with inflammatory disease processes.
Presumptive intraperitoneal envenomation resulting in hemoperitoneum and acute abdominal pain in a dog
Authors: Istvan Stephanie A. , Walker Julie M. , Hansen Bernard D. , Hanel Rita M. , Marks Steven L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical features, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcome of a dog with acute abdominal pain and hemoperitoneum secondary to a presumptive intraperitoneal (IP) snakebite.Case SummaryA 10‐month‐old castrated male mixed‐breed dog was evaluated for suspected snake envenomation. The dog presented recumbent and tachycardic with signs of severe abdominal pain. Two cutaneous puncture wounds and hemoperitoneum were discovered during evaluation. Ultrasonographic examination revealed communication of the wounds with the peritoneal cavity. The dog was treated with supportive care, parenteral analgesia, packed red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma transfusions, crotalid antivenom, and placement of an IP catheter to provide local analgesia. The dog recovered fully and was discharged 5 days after initial presentation.New or Unique Information ProvidedTo our knowledge, this is the first report of IP envenomation accompanied by hemorrhage treated with continuous IP analgesia in the veterinary literature.