bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sialkoti paper used by Pahari artists: raw materials and fibre analysis
Authors: Desvergnes Amélie Couvrat , Helman-Ważny Agnieszka 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to characterise the so-called Sialkoti paper used to produce Pahari drawings preserved today in the Wereldmuseum in Leiden (Netherlands) (WML). These works originate from the Punjab Hills in India (today Himachal Pradesh) and are commonly known as ‘Pahari miniature paintings’. The paper upon which these drawings are executed is said to have been produced in Sialkot during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries when papermaking was an integral part of an overall regional economy correlated with other sectors such as agriculture and the textile industry. Although the term Sialkoti refers to identified papermills in Sialkot (now Pakistan), the paper from this region is yet to be subjected to a systematic study. This article therefore explores the paper(s) in question through macro- and microscopic observations of structure, pulp and fibres. The study of historical sources, complemented by the analysis of paper samples and fibre identification, has revealed that the pulp would have been prepared from a variety of manufactured products using different technologies, such as rags, cloth, mats, rope and other plant-based materials made from local bast fibres which, once tattered, were recycled to prepare the pulp. Microscopic study reveals that a variety of fibre combinations under different conditions and processing steps were used, in particular sunn hemp fibre (Crotalaria juncea L.), a plant species that has until now rarely been identified in historical paper. In addition, the presence of kenaf and jute fibres, as well as a significant quantity of cotton fibres, have also been demonstrated. To overcome the lack of comparative materials, our work was supported by a comparative study of several materials made from sunn hemp now held in the Ethnobotany Collection at Kew Gardens. Samples were taken from these materials and provided useful reference micrographs for the identification of the WML samples. The quality of the paper used by Pahari artists, as well as the raw materials available and their processing, are discussed in detail. Putting all the data, including technical and historical information into perspective, we conclude that the Pahari artists used a paper of inferior quality compared to other types of paper used for other purposes such as the creation of illuminated manuscripts in the Punjab plains. This study therefore provides useful analytical and material evidence that complements previous historical, technical and anthropological studies.
Development and validation of a machine learning-based 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT radiomics signature for predicting gastric cancer survival
Authors: Zhi Huaiqing , Xiang Yilan , Chen Chenbin , Zhang Weiteng , Lin Jie , Gao Zekan , Shen Qingzheng , Shao Jiancan , Yang Xinxin , Yang Yunjun , Chen Xiaodong , Zheng Jingwei , Lu Mingdong , Pan Bujian , Dong Qiantong , Shen Xian , Ma Chunxue 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Survival prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC) often influences physicians’ choice of their follow-up treatment. This study aimed to develop a positron emission tomography (PET)-based radiomics model combined with clinical tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with GC.

Methods
We reviewed the clinical information of a total of 327 patients with pathological confirmation of GC undergoing 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) PET scans. The patients were randomly classified into training (n = 229) and validation (n = 98) cohorts. We extracted 171 PET radiomics features from the PET images and determined the PET radiomics scores (RS) using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and random survival forest (RSF). A radiomics model, including PET RS and clinical TNM staging, was constructed to predict the OS of patients with GC. This model was evaluated for discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.

Results
On multivariate COX regression analysis, the difference between age, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), clinical TNM, and PET RS in GC patients was statistically significant (p < 0.05). A radiomics model was developed based on the results of COX regression. The model had the Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) of 0.817 in the training cohort and 0.707 in the validation cohort and performed better than a single clinical model and a model with clinical features combined with clinical TNM staging. Further analyses showed higher PET RS in patients who were older (p < 0.001) and those who had elevated CEA (p < 0.001) and higher clinical TNM (p < 0.001). At different clinical TNM stages, a higher PET RS was associated with a worse survival prognosis.

Conclusions
Radiomics models based on PET RS, clinical TNM, and clinical features may provide new tools for predicting OS in patients with GC.
Three-step kinetic model for fisetin dye diffusion into fibroin fibre
Authors: Shukurlu Yusif , Shukurova Zarintaj 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The study’s relevance is determined by the current desire to reduce the negative environmental impact of the textile industry. The study aims to develop and optimise dyeing processes using natural dyes in the textile industry.

Results
The process of dye transfer from solution to Bombyx mori natural silk fibre can be divided into three successive kinetic stages. The first stage involves the adsorption of dye molecules on the active surface of the fibre, the second, their diffusion deep into the fibre towards its centre, and the third, the uniform distribution of dye molecules along the fibre starting from its centre. It is noticed that diffusion at the third stage slows down significantly, and the third stage lasts much longer than the first and second stages. The analysis of experimental data on dye concentration over time on dyed materials and their comparison with hypothetical data will make it possible to establish time intervals for each stage of the process and diffusion coefficients for each of them.

Conclusion
This study has practical implications as it may contribute to more efficient and sustainable dyeing of textile materials using natural dyes, helping to reduce the negative environmental impact of the textile industry, and contributing to our knowledge of diffusion and dyeing processes.
Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction and the role of cardiovascular imaging: systemic review and opinion paper from the Working Group on Cardio-Oncology of the Korean Society of Cardiology
Authors: Cho Iksung , You Seng-Chan , Cha Min-Jae , Hwang Hui-Jeong , Cho Eun Jeong , Kim Hee Jun , Park Seong-Mi , Kim Sung-Eun , Lee Yun-Gyoo , Youn Jong-Chan , Park Chan Seok , Shim Chi Young , Chung Woo-Baek , Sohn Il Suk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCardio-oncology is a critical field due to the escalating significance of cardiovascular toxicity as a side effect of anticancer treatments. Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular toxicity, necessitating effective strategies for prediction, monitoring, management, and tracking. This comprehensive review examines the definition and risk stratification of CTRCD, explores monitoring approaches during anticancer therapy, and highlights specific cardiovascular toxicities linked to various cancer treatments. These include anthracyclines, HER2-targeted agents, vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes therapies. Incorporating the Korean data, this review offers insights into the regional nuances in managing CTRCD. Using systematic follow-up incorporating cardiovascular imaging and biomarkers, a better understanding and management of CTRCD can be achieved, optimizing the cardiovascular health of both cancer patients and survivors.
Optical computing at the subwavelength scale: a multifunctional MIM plasmonic logic gate
Authors: Haque Mohammad Ashraful , Rahad Rummanur , Faruque Md. Omar 
Published: July 2024

Plasmonic logic gates are important components in integrated photonics. They are essential for high-speed Boolean computations and data transmission. For this purpose, an all-optical ultra-compact plasmonic logic gate is proposed in this paper. The design uses the metal–insulator–metal (MIM) configuration and the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons. The structure comprises three rectangular input slots coupled to the output slot through a rectangular resonator positioned on a gold (Au) surface with a footprint of 1000nm×800nm. The logic gate is numerically investigated using finite element method analysis. It has been demonstrated that the proposed design can operate as OR, XOR, NOT, and AND gates, and their transmission spectra for different input states are analyzed. This novel solution, to the best of our knowledge, excels in high contrast ratio values of 45.34 dB (OR), 18.29 dB (XOR), 18.29 dB (NOT), and 7.26 dB (AND). The resonant wavelengths of the logic gate are 821.21 nm (OR), 863.23 nm (XOR), 814.71 (NOT), and 787.69 nm (AND). The introduction of Au in this device significantly enhances its plasmonic properties, offering efficient light confinement, chemical stability, and a strong plasmonic response. This plasmonic logic gate not only expands the repertoire of integrated photonics components but also promises breakthroughs in high-speed data processing and communication technologies, positioning it as a crucial advancement in the field of nanophotonics.
Temperature dependence of Fe:ZnSe mid-infrared spectral and laser output properties under ∼4 µm radiation excitation
Authors: Říha Adam , Jelínková Helena , Doroshenko Maxim E. , Jelínek Michal , Němec Michal , Šulc Jan , Badikov Dmitry V. 
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the temperature dependence of the spectroscopic and laser properties of the Fe2+:ZnSe single crystal under excitation by radiation at a wavelength of ∼4.04µm. Excitation was supported by the Er:YAG laser (∼2.94µm) operated in the Q-switched or free-running (FR) mode that pumped the Fe:ZnSe laser cooled by liquid nitrogen to 78 K. This system generated radiation at the wavelength of ∼4.04µm. Temperature dependence of absorption, fluorescence spectra, and fluorescence decay time of Fe2+ ions was measured. The optimal temperature that allows efficient Fe:ZnSe laser system operation with maximum laser output energy was sought in both regimes. It was characterized at a repetition rate of 1 Hz with pulse durations of ∼175ns and ∼155µs in both modes, respectively. The highest laser output energies obtained with the crystal placed in the cryostat in gain-switched (GS) and FR modes were ∼385µJ at 260 K and ∼374µJ at 190 K, respectively. Maximum optical-to-optical efficiencies in the same modes were ∼13% at 260 K and ∼32% at 170 K, respectively. Wide laser radiation oscillation spectra depending on the temperature ranging from ∼4.3µm at 140 K to ∼4.9µm at 340 K obtained with a Gaussian-like beam spatial profile were demonstrated. Under atmospheric conditions at RT, this laser system reached a pulse energy of over 0.5 mJ at ∼4.78µm in ∼135ns pulses, which corresponds to a peak power of ∼3.9kW.
Low-repetition-rate near-infrared femtosecond pulse generation in a harmonically pumped idler-resonant optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Allan Ewan , McCracken Richard A. 
Published: July 2024

We demonstrate, to the best of our knowledge, the first harmonically pumped idler-resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO). Exploiting the synchronous behavior of an ultrafast OPO, we generate 49.16-MHz non-resonant signal pulses using a 49.16-MHz Yb:fiber laser as a pump source by constructing idler-resonant OPO cavities up to the 6th harmonic at 294.96 MHz, with 100-mW-level signal outputs tunable across 1680-2000 nm. We investigate the suitability to this approach to realize high-energy near-infrared pulses in a compact footprint via the non-resonant signal wave.
Jimmy Carter, Vietnam, and the Rhetoric of Gratitude: Antecedents to the Noble Cause
Authors: Robins Glenn 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The study of the Vietnam War and American presidential discourse has followed a somewhat meandering path. The Vietnam discourse of Jimmy Carter remains the most poorly understood of the late Cold War presidents. Throughout the 1970s, Carter participated in, and at times led, the national debate over the federal government's responsibility to Vietnam veterans. He spoke of a debt of gratitude that the American people owed to the war's veterans. As president, parts of his domestic agenda prioritized Vietnam veterans, leading him to preside over commemorative events for the war's veterans on several occasions. During his time in elective office, he alternatingly defined the purpose of the war in Southeast Asia as preserving the American way of life, promoting democracy, or defending liberty and freedom. Carter practiced an ethics of remembering that sought to redeem the American soldier, to erase the divisiveness of the past, and to “delegitimize and marginalize anti-war opinions.”1 Despite the obvious importance of both his discourse and his actions, Carter's Vietnam War rhetoric has received very little attention.
Multi-objective Bonobo optimisers of industrial low-density polyethylene reactor
Authors: Rohman Fakhrony Sholahudin , Alwi Sharifah Rafidah Wan , Muhammad Dinie , Zahan Khairul Azly , Murat Muhamad Nazri , Azmi Ashraf 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A multi-objective optimization (MOO) technique to produce a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is applied to address these two problems: increasing conversion and reducing operating cost (as the first optimization problem, P1) and increasing productivity and reducing operating cost (as the second optimization problem, P2). ASPEN Plus software was utilized for the model-based optimization by executing the MOO algorithm using the tubular reactor model. The multi-objective optimization of multi-objective Bonobo optimisers (MOBO-I, MOBO-II and MOBO-III) are utilised to solve the optimization problem. The performance matrices, including hypervolume, pure diversity, and distance, are used to decide on the best MOO method. An inequality constraint was introduced on the temperature of the reactor to prevent run-away. According to the findings of the study, the MOBO-II for Problems 1 and 2 was the most effective MOO strategy. The reason is that the solution set found represents the most accurate, diversified, and acceptable distribution points alongside the Pareto Front (PF) in terms of homogeneity. The minimum operating cost, the maximum conversion and productivity obtained by MOBO-II are Mil. RM/year 114.3, 31.45 %, Mil. RM/year 545.3, respectively.
Klebsiella pneumoniae increases invasion in intestinal epithelial cells by disrupting the cytoskeleton
Authors: Wang Xu , Yin Xiao-Hong , Yang Jin-Long , Tu Fan , Rui Xiao-Hong , Liu Jun , Xu Ping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKlebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen and it can cause human mucosal lesions through the intestine, leading to bacteremia and abscess formation in liver and spleen. Previous studies have shown that K. pneumoniae can enter or cross cells through the intestinal epithelium, but the mechanism is unknown. In this study, we treated the intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 with KP1195, a clinically isolated strain with high adhesion and invasion of intestinal epithelial cells. The results showed that the treatment of K. pneumoniae could increase the expression of integrin gene and further disrupt the changes of cytoskeleton. Treating Caco-2 with cytoskeletal inhibitor cytorelaxin D can significantly increase the efficiency of K. pneumoniae invading Caco-2 cells. These data suggest that disruption of the cytoskeleton through integrins may be one of the mechanisms by which K. pneumoniae increases intracellular invasion. This study provides a theoretical basis for further understanding of the mechanism of K. pneumoniae entering intestinal epithelial cells.
Evaluasi Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kelompok Dengan Kegiatan Pengaman
Authors: Angkur Maria Fatimah Mardina , Bora Ignasius F R , Imbus Florentina , Taran Emilia G M 
Published: July 2024

PAUD Mutiara Hati Bola applies a group learning model with safety activities, but based on the results of the RPPH study, researchers found the problem that in the RPPH there is no description of activities that describe the existence of safety activities. This study used an evaluative type of descriptive research using a discrepancy model. The subjects in this study were three teachers at PAUD Mutiara Hati Bola. The data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews, and document cheklists. Based on the results of research in PAUD Mutiara Hati Bola, it was found that: in the core activities, the teacher divided the children in each playgroup but did not change the play in each group and did not prepare safety activities for children who first completed the play activities in the group, besides that there was also a discrepancy with the guidelines where in the rest activities the teacher did not provide rest activities after doing play activities but continued to closing activities. PAUD Mutiara Hati Bola menerapkan model pembelajaran kelompok dengan kegiatan pengaman, akan tetapi berdasarkan hasil telaah RPPH, peneliti menemukan persoalan bahwa dalam RPPH tersebut tidak terdapat uraian kegiatan yang menggambarkan adanya kegiatan pengaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif evaluatif dengan menggunakan model discrepancy. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga orang guru di PAUD Mutiara Hati Bola. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan cheklist dokumen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di PAUD Mutiara Hati Bola, ditemukan bahwa: pada kegiatan inti, guru membagi anak dalam setiap kelompok main akan tetapi tidak melakukan pergantian main dalam setiap kelompok dan tidak menyiapkan kegiatan pengaman bagi anak-anak yang terlebih dahulu menyelesaikan kegiatan main dalam kelompok selain itu juga ditemukan ketidaksesuaian dengan pedoman dimana pada kegiatan istirahat guru tidak memberikan kegiatan istirahat setelah melakukan kegiatan main tetapi lanjut ke kegiatan penutup.
GEMAS (Gerakan Membuang Sampah) untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di TK Negeri Pembina, Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Suciawati Dewinta Tri , Irawan Gusthine Almeera , Sari Hera Ratna , Purnama Tiara Alyani 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out and increase teachers' knowledge about the importance of Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS) in the educational environment for early childhood. Clean and healthy living behavior in the school environment is a behavior carried out by students, teachers and the community around the school environment itself on the awareness of each individual in order to prevent disease, especially in the Early Childhood Education environment where in this period, children will it is very easy to be stimulated to carry out PHBS activities. This research activity was carried out in Pembina State Kindergarten. The method used in this study uses qualitative methods. The results of this study indicate that the Pembina Public Kindergarten is very concerned about the cleanliness of the school environment and is also very concerned about the health of its students. However, researchers still find deficiencies, one of which is the unavailability of trash bins that are not separated between organic and inorganic waste and classrooms that are still not neat and clean. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui serta meningkatkan pengetahuan guru mengenai pentingnya Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) di lingkungan pendidikan untuk anak usia dini. Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di lingkungan sekolah merupakan perilaku yang dilakukan oleh siswa, guru dan masyarakat di sekitar lingkungan sekolah itu sendiri atas kesadaran dari setiap individu agar dapat mencegah datangnya penyakit, khususnya di lingkungan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini yang dimana pada periode ini, anak akan sangat mudah diberi stimulasi untuk melakukan kegiatan PHBS. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilakukan di TK Negeri Pembina. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa TK Negeri Pembina sangat memperhatikan tentang kebersihan lingkungan sekolahnya juga sangat memperhatikan kesehatan para muridnya, TK Negeri Pembina juga membiasakan siswanya untuk membuang sampah pada tempatnya, mencuci tangan dana kaki setelah bermain, dan mencuci tangan sebelum dan sesudah makan. Namun peneliti masih menemukan kekurangan, salah satunya tidak tersedianya tempat sampah yang tidak dipisah antara sampah organik dan sampah anorganik dan ruang kelas yang masih kurang rapi dan bersih.
Games BOTESUBEA untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Sikap Sains pada AUD di Kampung Leuwihalang. Des. Jayamukti Kec. Pancatengah Kab. Tasikmalaya
Authors: Sopa Dede 
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to design the Botesubea Game which is useful for improving early childhood science attitude skills. Based on The Results of Data Analysis and Observations on Aud's Science attitude skills in Kp. Leuwihalang Rt 014 Rw 005 Dec. Jayamukti district. Pancatengah Kab. Tasikmalaya can be concluded that the Children are fairly well characterized by Children who are very active, carry out activities independently without the help of parents or friends, show an honest attitude, and complete tasks to completion. So learning science for children is very good and beneficial because learning science is very fun so that children feel happy learning and don't get bored easily and even get bored.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang Games Botesubea untung meningkatkan keterampilan sikap sains AUD. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan obsevasi pada keterampilan sikap sains aud di Kp. Leuwihalang Rt 014 Rw 005 Des. Jayamukti Kec. Pancatengah Kab. Tasikmalaya dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak-anak sudah terbilang baik ditandai dengan anak yang sangat aktif, melakukan kegiatan secara mandiri tanpa dibantu oleh orangtua atu temannya, menunjukan sikap jujur, dan menyelesaikan tugas hingga selesai. Maka pembelajaran sains untuk anak sangat baik dan manfaat karena pembelajaran sains sangat menyenangkan hingga anak merasa senang belajar dan tidak mudah bosan bahkan jenuh.