bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival after pelvic exenteration for T4 rectal cancer
Authors: Kusters M , Austin K K S , Solomon M J , Lee P J , Nieuwenhuijzen G A P , Rutten H J T 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to analyse retrospectively the pooled results after pelvic exenteration for locally advanced T4 rectal cancer. Historically, patients with T4 rectal cancers requiring pelvic exenteration have been offered only palliative surgery or no operation.

Methods
The basic treatment principle was preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy, radical surgery and, in some patients, adjuvant chemotherapy. Risk factors for local recurrence, distant metastases and overall survival were studied in univariable and multivariable analyses.

Results
Ninety-five patients with T4 rectal cancer who underwent pelvic exenteration in two tertiary referral centres up to 2013 were studied. Clear margins (R0) were achieved in 87 per cent of patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 33 per cent, independent of the resection margin, lymph node status and postoperative T category. The 5-year local recurrence rate was 17 per cent, with a distant metastasis rate of 16 per cent and overall survival rate of 62 per cent. In multivariable analysis the only factor associated with death was omission of adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0·016). The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy was more pronounced in the elderly: patients aged over 70 years who had chemotherapy had a 5-year overall survival rate of 80 per cent, compared with 39 per cent of elderly patients who did not receive chemotherapy (P = 0·019).

Conclusion
Pelvic exenteration led to an R0 resection rate of 87 per cent for T4 rectal cancer, giving good local control and overall survival comparable to population-based colorectal cancer survival rates. Adjuvant chemotherapy may improve overall survival further, even in the elderly.
Radial glia phagocytose axonal debris from degenerating overextending axons in the developing olfactory bulb
Authors: Amaya Daniel A. , Wegner Michael , Stolt C. Claus , Chehrehasa Fatemeh , Ekberg Jenny A.K. , St John James A. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTAxon targeting during the development of the olfactory system is not always accurate, and numerous axons overextend past the target layer into the deeper layers of the olfactory bulb. To date, the fate of the mis‐targeted axons has not been determined. We hypothesized that following overextension, the axons degenerate, and cells within the deeper layers of the olfactory bulb phagocytose the axonal debris. We utilized a line of transgenic mice that expresses ZsGreen fluorescent protein in primary olfactory axons. We found that overextending axons closely followed the filaments of radial glia present in the olfactory bulb during embryonic development. Following overextension into deeper layers of the olfactory bulb, axons degenerated and radial glia responded by phagocytosing the resulting debris. We used in vitro analysis to confirm that the radial glia had phagocytosed debris from olfactory axons. We also investigated whether the fate of overextending axons was altered when the development of the olfactory bulb was perturbed. In mice that lacked Sox10, a transcription factor essential for normal olfactory bulb development, we observed a disruption to the morphology and positioning of radial glia and an accumulation of olfactory axon debris within the bulb. Our results demonstrate that during early development of the olfactory system, radial glia play an important role in removing overextended axons from the deeper layers of the olfactory bulb. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:183–196, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cognitive and Guided Mastery Therapies for Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia: 18‐Year Long‐Term Outcome and Predictors of Long‐Term Change
Authors: Hoffart Asle , Hedley Liv M. , Svanøe Karol , Sexton Harold 
Published: December 2014

In this study, we wished to compare the long‐term outcome of (medication‐free) panic disorder with agoraphobia patients randomized to cognitive or guided mastery therapy. Thirty‐one (67.4%) of 46 patients who had completed treatment were followed up about 18 years after end of treatment. In the combined sample and using intent‐to‐follow‐up analyses, there were large within‐group effect sizes of −1.79 and −1.63 on the primary interview‐based and self‐report outcome measures of avoidance of situations when alone, and 56.5% no longer had a panic disorder and/or agoraphobia diagnosis. No outcome differences between the two treatments emerged. Guided mastery was associated with greater beneficial changes in catastrophic beliefs and self‐efficacy. For two of five outcome measures, more reduction in panic‐related beliefs about physical and mental catastrophes from pre‐ to post‐treatment predicted lower level of anxiety from post‐treatment to 18‐year follow‐up when the effect of treatment changes in (a) self‐efficacy and (b) anxiety was controlled. However, for one of the outcome measures, this effect attenuated with time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

The results suggest that the very‐long‐term outcome of both cognitive therapy and guided mastery therapy for agoraphobia is positive.
The results support the role of catastrophic beliefs as mediator of change.
The pattern of results suggests that learning processes other than catastrophic beliefs may be important for long‐term outcome as well.
Left ventricular mechanical function: clinical correlates, heritability, and association with parental heart failure
Authors: Cheng Susan , McCabe Elizabeth L. , Larson Martin G. , Chen Ming‐Huei , Osypiuk Ewa , Lehman Birgitta T. , Stantchev Plamen , Aragam Jayashri , Solomon Scott D. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Vasan Ramachandran S. 
Published: December 2014

AimsNon‐invasive measures of cardiac mechanical function may have the potential to serve as markers of risk for heart failure; however, limited data exist regarding clinical correlates and heritability of these measures in the community.Methods and resultsWe used speckle‐tracking echocardiography to assess LV strain and synchrony in the Framingham Offspring Study (n = 2816; mean age 67 years, 54% women). In multivariable regression analyses, male gender (vs. female, P < 0.001), higher heart rate (P < 0.0001), and presence of cardiovascular disease (P < 0.001) were associated with worse global peak strains across all planes analysed (longitudinal, transverse, circumferential, and radial). Higher diastolic blood pressure and diabetes were associated with worse longitudinal strain (P < 0.01), and greater body mass index was associated with worse radial strain (P = 0.0004). Overall, however, clinical correlates accounted for only 4–19% of the variation in measures of LV mechanical function. Select measures of LV strain were heritable: longitudinal strain (h2 = 16%, P = 0.002), transverse strain (h2 = 15%, P = 0.006), and circumferential strain (h2 = 30%, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, in a subset of 1437 participants with parental data available, parental heart failure was associated with worse circumferential strain in the offspring free of heart failure (P = 0.01).ConclusionsOur investigation in a large community‐based sample identified heritablity and clinical correlates of LV mechanical function, and highlighted an association of parental heart failure with worse global circumferential strain in offspring.
Sensitivity and economic analysis of a catalytic distillation process for alkylation desulfurization of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline
Authors: Ha Ying , Guo Benshuai , Li Yonghong 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe issues of gasoline desulfurization are becoming more important because the regulated sulfur limits are being set lower and lower. Among the new desulfurization technologies, the olefin alkylation of thiophenic sulfur (OATS) process is more attractive than hydrodesulfurization because of its mild operating conditions and low loss of octane number. In this work, a sensitivity analysis and an economic analysis of a catalytic distillation process for alkylation desulfurization of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline are presented. The objective is to evaluate the effects of various design and operating parameters on the OATS process by using a realistic FCC gasoline fraction.RESULTSA sensitivity analysis performed for operating pressure, reflux ratio, bottom flow rate, feed conditions, number of separate stages, number of reactive stages, catalyst weight, feed location, reactive zone position, and an economic analysis based on total annual costs (TAC) for these variables were studied.CONCLUSIONThe results show the qualitative environmental and economic effect of several design variables and operating conditions on the OATS process and provide a direction to the further design. In addition, more attention should be paid to feed flow rate control. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Methane oxidation by anaerobic archaea for conversion to liquid fuels
Authors: Mueller Thomas J , Grisewood Matthew J , Nazem-Bokaee Hadi , Gopalakrishnan Saratram , Ferry James G , Wood Thomas K , Maranas Costas D 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGiven the recent increases in natural gas reserves and associated drawbacks of current gas-to-liquids technologies, the development of a bioconversion process to directly convert methane to liquid fuels would generate considerable industrial interest. Several clades of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) are capable of performing anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). AOM carried out by ANME offers carbon efficiency advantages over aerobic oxidation by conserving the entire carbon flux without losing one out of three carbon atoms to carbon dioxide. This review highlights the recent advances in understanding the key enzymes involved in AOM (i.e., methyl-coenzyme M reductase), the ecological niches of a number of ANME, the putative metabolic pathways for AOM, and the syntrophic consortia that they typically form.
Building Theory at the Intersection of Ecological Sustainability and Strategic Management
Authors: Borland Helen , Ambrosini Véronique , Lindgreen Adam , Vanhamme Joëlle 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This article builds theory at the intersection of ecological sustainability and strategic management literature—specifically, in relation to dynamic capabilities literature. By combining industrial organization economics–based, resource-based, and dynamic capability–based views, it is possible to develop a better understanding of the strategies that businesses may follow, depending on their managers’ assumptions about ecological sustainability. To develop innovative strategies for ecological sustainability, the dynamic capabilities framework needs to be extended. In particular, the sensing–seizing–maintaining competitiveness framework should operate not only within the boundaries of a business ecosystem but in relation to global biophysical ecosystems; in addition, two more dynamic capabilities should be added, namely, remapping and reaping. This framework can explicate core managerial beliefs about ecological sustainability. Finally, this approach offers opportunities for managers and academics to identify, categorize, and exploit business strategies for ecological sustainability.
Nutrient resorption of Castanopsis eyrei varies at the defoliation peaks in spring and autumn in a subtropical forest, Anhui, China
Authors: Li Peng , Han Wenxuan , Zhang Chi , Tian Di , Xu Xiaoniu , Fang Jingyun 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNutrient resorption from senescing leaves is a key nutrient conservation strategy in many ecosystems. In evergreen broad‐leaved forests, nutrient resorption occurs with concomitant defoliation almost year‐round. However, it is unclear whether nutrient resorption efficiency (NuRE) varies in different defoliation seasons for evergreen broad‐leaved trees and how it may relate to soil nutrient availability. Castanopsis eyrei is a dominant tree species in evergreen broad‐leaved forests in southern China, with distinct bimodal patterns of defoliation in spring and autumn. We investigated seasonal variation of the resorption efficiency of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of C. eyrei leaf and its relationship with soil mineral N by measuring the concentrations in leaf, leaf litter, and soil for two consecutive years. We hypothesized that leaf NuRE should be higher in seasons with low soil nutrient availability. We found that on average, soil mineral N content was 38.5 % lower during the autumn defoliation peak than in spring, and N and P concentrations in leaf litter at the spring defoliation peak were 10.0 and 26.7 % higher than at the autumn peak. Nitrogen NuRE at the autumnal defoliation peak was 5.1 % higher than that at the spring peak (49.3 vs 44.2 %), and the phosphorus NuRE in autumn was 6.8 % higher than that in spring (77.6 vs 69.8 %). Our findings suggest an inverse relationship between soil nutrient availability and NuRE and that the dynamics in NuRE should be incorporated into modeling of biogeochemical cycling in evergreen forest ecosystems with a bimodal defoliation pattern.
An Anatomic Study on Whether the Patella is Centered in an Ideal Anteroposterior Radiograph of the Knee
Authors: Ajuwon Ademola A. , Desai Ronak , Farhang Kathleen , Lasko Colin E. , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: December 2014

Background Currently, an anteroposterior radiograph of the knee is judged based on a centered position of the patella between the femoral condyles. We are not aware of any anatomic literature supporting this recommendation. Questions/Purposes Orthogonal images are required for accurate assessment of knee deformity. Although an image with the patella centered at the distal femur is generally accepted as a true anteroposterior (AP) radiograph of the knee, there is minimal anatomic data to support that this view is orthogonal to a true lateral view of the knee where the condyles are overlapped. We designed an anatomical study to test the relationship between these two radiographic views. Methods We studied 428 well-preserved cadaveric skeletons ranging from 40 to 79 years of age at death. Centering of the patella was calculated based on distal femoral and patellar widths. Multiple regression analysis was then performed to determine the relationship between patellar centering and age, gender, ethnicity, mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), femoral anteversion, and contralateral centering. Results Average patellar centering was 0.13 ± 0.04, indicating that the average patella was laterally positioned in the distal femur. Only mLDFA and contralateral centering showed statistically significant independent correlations with patellar centering with modest standardized beta coefficients of 0.10 and 0.23, respectively. Conclusions In the average specimen, the patella is laterally deviated by 13% of the condylar width. Clinicians should be aware that a lateral view with the femoral condyles overlapped is not always orthogonal to a patella-centered AP view when planning and implementing deformity correction.
Microstructure and Interfacial Reactions During Vacuum Brazing of Stainless Steel to Titanium Using Ag-28 pct Cu Alloy
Authors: Laik A. , Shirzadi A. A. , Sharma G. , Tewari R. , Jayakumar T. , Dey G. K. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Microstructural evolution and interfacial reactions during vacuum brazing of grade-2 Ti and 304L-type stainless steel (SS) using eutectic alloy Ag-28 wt pct Cu were investigated. A thin Ni-depleted zone of

$$\alpha $$

α

-Fe(Cr, Ni) solid solution formed on the SS-side of the braze zone (BZ). Cu from the braze alloy, in combination with the dissolved Fe and Ti from the base materials, formed a layer of ternary compound

$$\tau _2$$

τ
2

, adjacent to Ti in the BZ. In addition, four binary intermetallic compounds, Cu

$$_3$$

3

Ti

$$_2$$

2

, Cu

$$_4$$

4

Ti

$$_3$$

3

, CuTi and CuTi

$$_2$$

2

formed as parallel contiguous layers in the BZ. The unreacted Ag solidified as islands within the layers of Cu

$$_3$$

3

Ti

$$_2$$

2

and Cu

$$_4$$

4

Ti

$$_3$$

3

. Formation of an amorphous phase at certain locations in the BZ could be revealed. The

$$\beta $$

β

-Ti(Cu) layer, formed due to diffusion of Cu into Ti-based material, transformed to an

$$\alpha $$

α

-Ti + CuTi

$$_2$$

2

eutectoid with lamellar morphology. Tensile test showed that the brazed joints had strength of 112 MPa and failed at the BZ. The possible sequence of events that led to the final microstructure and the mode of failure of these joints were delineated.
Different schedules of bowel preparation with sodium phosphate lead to different bowel cleansing effects and adenoma detection rates at colonoscopy
Authors: Kang Jui‐Wen , Chuang Chiao‐Hsiung , Chen Chiung‐Yu , Cheng Hsiu‐Chi , Chang Wei‐Lun , Chen Wei‐Ying , Cheng Pin‐Nan , Sheu Bor‐Shyang 
Published: December 2014

SummaryBackgroundAdequate bowel preparation is an important quality indicator of colonoscopy. This study validated whether the bowel cleansing quality and adenoma detection rate (ADR) could be different between two bowel preparation schedules in individuals receiving health examinations.MethodsWe enrolled individuals who had received a colonoscopy as part of the regimen for their health checkup program with split‐dose phosphosoda for bowel preparation. Prior to December 31, 2012, the second dose of phosphosoda was administered at 10:00 pm before the day of the colonoscopy and the individuals were defined as the 10‐pm group. After January 1, 2013, the schedule was changed to 4:00 am the same day as the colonoscopy and was defined as the 4‐am group. The bowel cleansing quality was assessed using the Aronchick scale.ResultsA total of 431 individuals were included, 259 in the 10‐pm group and 172 in the 4‐am group. The 4‐am group individuals had a higher rate of excellent or good bowel cleansing quality as compared with the 10‐PM group (77.3% vs. 22%, respectively; p < 0.001). The ADR was also higher in the 4‐am group than in the 10‐pm group (36% vs. 25.5%, respectively; p = 0.019).ConclusionModifying the time schedule of bowel preparation could improve bowel cleansing quality and increase the colonic ADR in a health management center.
A Māori approach to management: Contrasting traditional and modern Māori management practices in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Mika Jason Paul , O'Sullivan John Gerard 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis is a conceptual article located in the discourses of indigeneity, post-colonialism and critical management studies in which we seek to renew interest in Māori management as a distinctive form of management within Aotearoa New Zealand. We discuss defining Māori management and Māori organisations and their relevance for today's organsiations in New Zealand and internationally. We examine differences and similarities between Western and Māori management in terms of the four functions of management adapted from principles first proposed by Fayol in 1949. We propose a theoretical model of Māori management and discuss the implications of Māori management for management research, policy and practice.
Real-time multiview data fusion for object tracking with RGBD sensors
Authors: Amamra Abdenour , Aouf Nabil 
Published: December 2014

SUMMARYThis paper presents a new approach to accurately track a moving vehicle with a multiview setup of red–green–blue depth (RGBD) cameras. We first propose a correction method to eliminate a shift, which occurs in depth sensors when they become worn. This issue could not be otherwise corrected with the ordinary calibration procedure. Next, we present a sensor-wise filtering system to correct for an unknown vehicle motion. A data fusion algorithm is then used to optimally merge the sensor-wise estimated trajectories. We implement most parts of our solution in the graphic processor. Hence, the whole system is able to operate at up to 25 frames per second with a configuration of five cameras. Test results show the accuracy we achieved and the robustness of our solution to overcome uncertainties in the measurements and the modelling.
The effect of changes in visibility and price on fruit purchasing at a university cafeteria in Lima, Peru
Authors: Cárdenas María Kathia , Benziger Catherine P , Pillay Timesh D , Miranda J Jaime 
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of increasing fruit visibility, adding information and lowering price on fruit purchasing at a university cafeteria in Lima, Peru.DesignQuasi-experimental pilot study of a three-phase stepped intervention. In Phase 1, fruit was displayed >3 m from the point of purchase with no additional information. Phase 2 consisted in displaying the fruit near the point of purchase with added health and price information. Phase 3 added a 33 % price reduction. The duration of each phase was 3 weeks and phases were separated by 2-week breaks. Primary outcomes were total pieces of fruit and number of meals sold daily.SettingA university cafeteria in Lima, Peru.SubjectsApproximately 150 people, students and non-student adults, who purchased food daily. Twelve students participated in post-intervention interviews.ResultsFruit purchasing doubled from Phase 1 to Phase 3 (P<0·01) and remained significant after adjusting for the number of meals sold daily (P<0·05). There was no evidence of a difference in fruit sold between the other phases. Females purchased 100 % of the fruit in Phase 1, 82 % in Phase 2 and 67 % in Phase 3 (P<0·01). Males increased their purchasing significantly between Phase 1 and 3 (P<0·01). Non-student adults purchased more fruit with each phase (P<0·05) whereas students did not. Qualitatively, the most common reason for not purchasing fruit was a marked preference to buy unhealthy snack foods.ConclusionsPromoting fruit consumption by product placement close to the point of purchase, adding health information and price reduction had a positive effect on fruit purchasing in a university cafeteria, especially in males and non-student adults.
Fish Erythrocytes as Biomarkers for the Toxicity of Sublethal Doses of an Azo Dye, Basic Violet-1 (CI: 42535)
Authors: Kaur Kirandeep , Kaur Arvinder 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate poikilocytosis in Labeo rohita (an important food fish) as an early indicator of stress due to an azo dye, Basic Violet-1 (CI: 42535). This dye was observed to be very toxic to test fish (96 h LC50 as0.45 mg/L dye). Fish were given short-term (96 h) and subchronic (150 days) exposures to the dye, and poikilocytosis was recorded under light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Light microscopy helped in identification of micronuclei along with irregularities, notches, blebs, lobes, crenation, clumps, chains, spherocytes, vacuolation, and necrosis in erythrocytes. However, SEM indicated shrinkage, oozing of cytoplasm, and several new abnormal shapes including marginal foldings, discocytes, keratocytes, dacrocytes, degmacytes, acanthocytes, echinocytes, protuberances, stomatocytes, drepanocytes, holes in the membrane, stippling/spicules, crescent-shaped cells, triangular cells, and pentagonal cells. Earlier studies speculated changes in the membrane to be responsible for clumping and chaining of erythrocytes, whereas the present SEM study clearly indicates that oozing out of cytoplasm is also responsible for the formation of chains and clumps. This study also shows that erythrocytes exhibit pathological symptoms before the appearance of other external symptoms such as abnormal behavior or mortality of fish. There was a dose- and duration-dependent increase; therefore, poikilocytosis, especially echinocytes, spherocytes, and clumps, can act as a biomarker for the stress caused by azo dyes.