bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structural, Spectroscopic, Electrochemical, Magnetic, and Catalytic Properties of the Trinuclear MnIII Triplesalen Complex [(talen){Mn(OAc)}3] Exhibiting Three Salen‐Subunits in a β‐cis‐Conformation
Authors: Krickemeyer Erich , Kaiser Yvonne , Stammler Anja , Bögge Hartmut , Glaser Thorsten 
Published: May 2013

AbstractReaction of the triplesalen ligand H6talen with three equivalents Mn(OAc)2·4H2O in MeOH results in the formation of a brown solid which upon recrystallization from CH3CN provides the trinuclear complex [(talen){Mn(OAc)}3]·7CH3CN as evidenced by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The triple tetradentate ligand (talen)6– coordinates to three MnIII ions in the rare β‐cis‐conformation of the salen‐like ligand compartments with the central oxygen donor (Oc) being rotated out of the plane. This results in a longer Mn–Oc bond length of 2.00 Å compared to the mean Mn–Ot bond lengths of the terminal phenolates at 1.86 Å. The six‐coordination is saturated by bidentate OAc– ligands. The electronic absorption spectrum measured in MeOH appears to be almost identical to all other complexes already studied possessing a {(talen)MnIII3}3+ subunit (in the trans‐conformation). The spectra measured in CH2Cl2 and CH3CN exhibit significant variations of the absorption features in the CT region above 20000 cm–1 and a low‐energy shift of the d‐d transitions from a shoulder around 18000 cm–1 in CH3OH to maxima around 13000 cm–1 in CH2Cl2 and CH3CN. This indicates a physical dissolution of [(talen){Mn(OAc)}3] in CH2Cl2 and CH3CN solutions without major structural rearrangements, while in MeOH solution a structural rearrangement to the preferred trans‐conformation of the salen‐like coordination compartments occurs loosing the bidentate coordination mode of the OAc– ligands. Electrochemical measurements reveal unresolved irreversible processes in the range 0.9–1.4 V vs. Fc+/Fc corresponding to oxidations of the MnIII‐phenolate units, while irreversible reductive waves in the range –0.7–(–1.2) V vs. Fc+/Fc correspond to MnIII to MnII reductions. The analysis of the magnetic data reveals a weaker antiferromagnetic interaction of J = –0.067 cm–1 and a stronger zero‐field splitting of D = –5.57 cm–1 in comparison to the complexes with {(talen)MnIII3}3+ subunits in the trans‐conformation consistent with the longer Mn–Oc distances and the asymmetric coordination environment, respectively. The complex [(talen){Mn(OAc)}3] catalyzes the epoxidation of 1, 2‐dihydronaphthalene with iodosylbenzene with complete conversion at room temperature.
Tetrakis(ferrocenecarbonitrile) Copper(I) Complexes
Authors: Strehler Frank , Hildebrandt Alexander , Korb Marcus , Lang Heinrich 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe homoleptic tetrakis(ferrocenecarbonitrile) copper(I) complexes [Cu(N≡CFc)4]A [A = BF4 (3a), A = SO3CF3 (3b)] were succefully prepared by treatment of copper with the copper(II) salt [CuA2]·xH2O [A = BF4, x = 5 (1a); A = SO3CF3, x = 0 (1b)] in presence of cyanoferrocene (2). For 3a the tetrahedral arrangement of the four ferrocenecarbonitrile ligands at the copper atom was proven by single X‐ray diffraction studies. The FcC≡N units are weakly bonded to copper, which is reflected by a complete ligand exchange upon addition of MeC≡N forming [Cu(N≡CMe)4]BF4 (4). Electrochemical measurements of 3a revealed that all four ferrocenyl units are oxidized in a close potential range and the individual processes are not resolved in the cylic voltammogram. Due to the decrease of electron density at the ferrocenyl termini, the redox event is merely shifted to 456 mV (for comparison, free 2 has E°′ = 436 mV). For 3a intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) absorption between FeII/FeIII and/or CuI/FeIII could not be observed in the in situ UV/Vis/NIR spectra in any oxidation state. This alluded that no electronic interaction between the Fc/Fc+ termini over the –C≡N–CuI–N≡C– connectivities takes place. Nevertheless, upon oxidation a ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) band of the ferrocenium groups at 643 nm is visuable accompanied with a shift in the d‐d transition absorptions of the central iron atoms.
Rhodium(Cp*) Compounds with Flavone‐derived Ligand Systems: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Schwarz Martina B. , Kurzwernhart Andrea , Roller Alexander , Kandioller Wolfgang , Keppler Bernhard K. , Hartinger Christian G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractOrganometallic rhodium complexes have been reported to exhibit promising anticancer activity and some examples have been investigated more extensively over the last years. Based on recent successes of cytotoxic rhodium compounds, this work describes the synthesis and characterization of organorhodium(III) complexes with 3‐hydroxyflavones as bidentate ligands and η5‐coordinated pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*). The organorhodium compounds were synthesized and characterized by means of NMR spectroscopy and single crystals of the compounds were characterized by X‐ray diffraction analysis. Interestingly, the rhodium complexes were isolated with methanol or triflate coordinated to the central rhodium atom, yielding positively‐charged and neutral complexes, respectively. However, none of the complexes prepared were sufficiently soluble in aqueous media to allow testing their cytotoxicity.
A Sulfide‐Bridged Diiron(II) Complex with a N2H4 Ligand
Authors: Stubbert Bryan D. , Vela Javier , Brennessel William W. , Holland Patrick L. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA sulfide‐bridged diiron(II) complex bearing a cis‐N2H4 (hydrazine) ligand has been prepared by reaction of LFeII(μ‐S)FeIIL (1; L = sterically encumbered β‐diketiminate ligand) with 2 molar equivalents of N2H4. The metastable diiron(II) hydrazine complex LFeII(μ‐S)(μ‐H2N–NH2)FeIIL (3) is formed, as shown by crystallography, NMR, vibrational, and electronic absorption spectroscopy. Compound 3 has been crystallographically characterized as its DBU (1, 8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene) adduct, which exhibits weak N–H···DBU hydrogen bonding. The synthetic process evolves roughly 2 equivalents of NH3. The cis‐N2H4 bridge in 3 may be relevant to the structure and function of intermediates on the FeMoco of nitrogenase.
Evaluation of Trauma Care in a Mature Level I Trauma Center in The Netherlands: Outcomes in a Dutch Mature Level I Trauma Center
Authors: Lansink Koen W. W. , Gunning Amy C. , Spijkers Anique T. E. , Leenen Luke P. H. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundTrauma centers are associated with improved survival rates and outcomes in trauma patients. In 2000 our hospital officially became a level I trauma center. The implementation of the trauma center model showed a significant reduction in mortality and hospital length of stay in our hospital and throughout the trauma region. The aim of the present prospective database study was to present the outcomes of patients treated during the course of further maturation of a level I trauma center.MethodsWe performed the prospective database study and included and analyzed outcome data for all adult trauma patients admitted to our trauma center during the years 2003 through 2006 (period 1) and 2007 through 2010 (period 2).ResultsA total of 5,299 patients were included; 2,419 in period 1 and 2,880 in period 2. Mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) increased from 12.6 to 13.8 (p < 0.001). Mean Revised Trauma Score decreased from 7.4 to 7.2 (p < 0.001). Penetrating injuries increased from 111 (4.6 %) to 192 (6.7 %) (p < 0.001). More head injuries (+7.2 %) and spine injuries (+3.1 %), and fewer injuries to extremities (−6.5 %) were seen in the second period. Mortality, adjusted for age and ISS, was lower in period 2 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.736, p = 0.010). Adjusted for age, ISS, and survival, both the hospital stay and the intensive care unit stay were shortened (OR: 1.068, p < 0.018; OR: 1.188, p = 0.007). Mean probability of survival was significantly higher in the second period. Moreover, more unexpected survivors were seen in the second period (Z‐score of 3.4 and W‐value of 1.46).ConclusionsMaturation of the trauma center and the trauma system resulted in improved patient outcomes. A significant increase in unexpected survivors was noted, and shorter hospital stay and ICU stay were achieved. Of note, population‐based studies on trauma system and trauma center performance with statistical analysis by logistic regression are considered strong class III evidence.
Two Decades of Huntington Disease Testing: Patient's Demographics and Reproductive Choices
Authors: Krukenberg Rebekah C. , Koller Daniel L. , Weaver David D. , Dickerson Jennifer N. , Quaid Kimberly A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPredictive testing for Huntington disease (HD) has been available in the United States (US) since 1987, and the Indiana University Predictive Testing Program has been providing this testing since 1990. To date there has been no published description of those who present for such testing in the US. Here we describe demographics of 141 individuals and reproductive decision making of a subset of 16 of those individuals who underwent predictive HD testing between 1990 and 2010 at one site in the US. This study is a retrospective chart review of the “Personal History Questionnaire” participants completed prior to testing. As seen in other studies, most participants were female (64.5 %), in their mid‐30s (mean = 34), and had at least one child prior to testing (54 %). Multiple demographic datum points are described, and the reproductive decision making of these at‐risk individuals was analyzed using Fisher's Exact Tests. Of those women who had children before learning of their risk to inherit HD, those who attended church more frequently, had three or more children total, or whose mother was affected with HD were more likely to be comfortable with their choice to have children. We conclude that these demographic factors influence the reproductive decision‐making of individuals at risk for HD. Psychologists, clinical geneticists, and genetic counselors may be able to use this information to help counsel at‐risk patients regarding current or past reproductive decision making.
Soybean Meal Retains Its Nutritional Value as an Animal Feed Following in Situ Transesterification
Authors: Haas Michael J. , Stroup Robert L. , Latshaw David 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe lipid‐depleted meal transesterified soybean meal (TSM) coproduct of the in situ transesterification of soybeans to produce biodiesel, and a reference commercial hexane‐extracted soybean meal (HSM), were investigated as poultry feeds. In situ transesterification removed 95 % of the lipid from soybean flakes without destroying amino acids or affecting caloric content. Trypsin inhibitor in TSM was successfully denatured by a steam/heat treatment. Two groups of broiler chicks, each consisting of 300 birds (20/pen), were fed diets whose soy meal component was either TSM or HSM. A block design was used, a ‘block’ consisting of two adjacent pens, one receiving TSM and the other HSM. Starter formulation was fed from day 1 to 21 and grower formulation from day 22 to the end of the study on day 42. Chicks accepted both the TSM and HSM diets. No acute toxicities occurred. Over the course of the study weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency were comparable (p ≥ 0.05) between the two test groups. Mortalities in the group receiving TSM exceeded those in the HSM group (6.8 vs. 3.4 %), but did not reach statistical significance. Histological examination of the livers of 40 birds sacrificed at the end of the study showed no evidence of pathology in either dietary group. Soybean meal subjected to in situ transesterification is an acceptable component of poultry diets.
Discovery of a novel gene involved in autolysis ofClostridiumcells
Authors: Yang Liejian , Bao Guanhui , Zhu Yan , Dong Hongjun , Zhang Yanping , Li Yin 
Published: May 2013

AbstractCell autolysis plays important physiological roles in the life cycle of clostridial cells. Understanding the genetic basis of the autolysis phenomenon of pathogenic Clostridium or solvent producing Clostridium cells might provide new insights into this important species. Genes that might be involved in autolysis of Clostridium acetobutylicum, a model clostridial species, were investigated in this study. Twelve putative autolysin genes were predicted in C. acetobutylicum DSM 1731 genome through bioinformatics analysis. Of these 12 genes, gene SMB_G3117 was selected for testing the in tracellular autolysin activity, growth profile, viable cell numbers, and cellular morphology. We found that overexpression of SMB_G3117 gene led to earlier ceased growth, significantly increased number of dead cells, and clear electrolucent cavities, while disruption of SMB_G3117 gene exhibited remarkably reduced intracellular autolysin activity. These results indicate that SMB_G3117 is a novel gene involved in cellular autolysis of C. acetobutylicum.
Structural basis for differential recognition of brassinolide by its receptors
Authors: She Ji , Han Zhifu , Zhou Bin , Chai Jijie 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBrassinosteroids, a group of plant steroid hormones, regulate many aspects of plant growth and development. We and other have previously solved the crystal structures of BRI1(LRR) in complex with brassinolide, the most active brassinosteroid identified thus far. Although these studies provide a structural basis for the recognition of brassinolide by its receptor BRI1, it still remains poorly understood how the hormone differentiates among its conserved receptors. Here we present the crystal structure of the BRI1 homolog BRL1 in complex with brassinolide. The structure shows that subtle differences around the brassinolide binding site can generate a striking effect on its recognition by the BRI1 family of receptors. Structural comparison of BRL1 and BRI1 in their brassinolide-bound forms reveals the molecular basis for differential binding of brassinolide to its different receptors, which can be used for more efficient design of plant growth regulators for agricultural practice. On the basis of our structural studies and others’ data, we also suggest possible mechanisms for the activation of BRI1 family receptors.
Marital Processes, Arranged Marriage, and Contraception to Limit Fertility
Authors: Ghimire Dirgha J. , Axinn William G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAn international transition away from familially arranged marriages toward participation in spouse choice has endured for decades and continues to spread through rural Asia today. Although we know that this transformation has important consequences for childbearing early in marriage, we know much less about longer-term consequences of this marital revolution. Drawing on theories of family and fertility change and a rural Asian panel study designed to measure changes in both marital and childbearing behaviors, this study seeks to investigate these long-term consequences. Controlling for social changes that shape both marital practices and childbearing behaviors, and explicitly considering multiple dimensions of marital processes, we find evidence consistent with an independent, long-standing association of participation in spouse choice with higher rates of contraception to terminate childbearing. These results add a new dimension to the evidence linking revolutions in marital behavior to long-term declines in fertility and suggest that new research should consider a broader range of long-term consequences of changing marital processes.
ANONYMOUS ASSERTIONS
Authors: Goldberg Sanford C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper addresses how the anonymity of an assertion affects the epistemological dimension of its production by speakers, and its reception by hearers. After arguing that anonymity does have implications in both respects, I go on to argue that at least some of these implications derive from a warranted diminishment in speakers' and hearers' expectations of one another when there are few mechanisms for enforcing the responsibilities attendant to speech. As a result, I argue, anonymous assertions do not carry the same ‘promise’ of the speaker's relevant epistemic authoritativeness that ordinary assertions do. If this is correct, the phenomenon of anonymity provides us with a lesson regarding ordinary assertions: their aptness for engendering belief in others, and so for communicating knowledge, depends in general on the very publicness of the act of assertion itself.
EPISTEMOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF INFORMATIONAL PRIVACY
Authors: Kappel Klemens 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIt seems obvious that informational privacy has an epistemological component; privacy or lack of privacy concerns certain kinds of epistemic relations between a cogniser and sensitive pieces of information. One striking feature of the fairly substantial philosophical literature on informational privacy is that the nature of this epistemological component of privacy is only sparsely discussed. The main aim of this paper is to shed some light on the epistemological component of informational privacy.
IS THERE EPISTEMIC JUSTIFICATION FOR SECRECY IN SCIENCE?
Authors: de Ridder Jeroen 
Published: May 2013

AbstractEmpirical evidence shows that secrecy in science has increased over the past decades, partly as a result of the commercialization of science. There is a good prima facie case against secrecy in science. It is part of the traditional ethos of science that it is a collective and open truth-seeking endeavor. In this paper, I will investigate whether secrecy in science can ever be epistemically justified. To answer this question, I first distinguish between different sorts of secrecy. Next, I propose an account of what it is for a practice to be epistemically justified, with the help of work by Alvin Goldman and Philip Kitcher. I then discuss motivations for secrecy in science that are found in the literature to see whether they amount to, or can be turned into, epistemic justifications for secrecy. The conclusion is that, although some forms of secrecy – particularly those motivated by universal moral concerns – are epistemically justified, secrecy that arises from special, often commercial, interests is not.
Embracing performance measurement in mental health services
Authors: Carrick H. , Purcell R. , Byrne M. 
Published: May 2013

ObjectivesPerformance measurement (PM) is central to the current Irish health service policy. However, PM within the Irish mental health services has not been fully implemented. These services lack a national comprehensive suite of performance indicators (PIs). Those indicators that are measured do not tend to reflect the objectives of the managers and staff measuring them. To overcome these challenges, this article suggests a suite of measures and aims to provide a practical guide to PM for managers and staff.MethodA narrative review of a range of policy documents and articles, relevant to PM in the Irish mental health services, was undertaken.FindingsThe search produced a number of themes illustrating the limitations of the current set of PIs for Irish mental health services, in particular the need for comprehensive PIs, including structure, process and outcome PIs. This informed the development of a suite of proposed PIs for mental health services. A number of additional themes highlighted the criticisms associated with the top-down approach used to implement PM. Drawing from these themes, a bottom-up approach to PM is proposed.ConclusionAlthough this review was selective in nature, it illustrates how the concerns of clinicians and service managers can be integrated with the priorities of the Health Service Executive and the Department of Health. This presented the suite of PIs and the practical guide that provide useful PM tools. While also applicable at a national level, this paper provides guidance for service managers as to the process of establishing and implementing a suite of PIs within their own service.
Follow the Pollsters: Inaccuracies in Media Coverage of the Horse-race during the 2008 Canadian Election
Authors: Pétry François , Bastien Frédérick 
Published: May 2013

Abstract.We identify frequent inaccuracies in journalistic interpretations of the horse race (“who is ahead?”) and of change over time (“who is gaining?”) in poll reports during the Canadian election of 2008. We test two explanations. The “mistaken mindset” hypothesis holds that journalists exaggerate the horse race because they systematically miscalculate the margin of error. The “follow-the-pollster” hypothesis holds that journalists follow the horse-race interpretations that they find in pollsters' reports. We find strong support for the “follow-the-pollster” hypothesis in the data and in interviews with pollsters and journalists and conclude that pollsters' reports should be a key element to consider in any attempt to improve the level of accuracy in media reports of the horse race.Résumé.Les journalistes ont souvent commis des erreurs d'interprétation de la marge d'erreur dans les résultats de sondages pendant la campagne électorale canadienne de 2008. Cela les a conduits à surestimer l'avance du parti gagnant et le changement dans le score d'un parti entre deux sondages successifs. Comment expliquer ces erreurs fréquentes? Une première hypothèse affirme que cette surestimation provient du fait que les journalistes se trompent systématiquement dans le calcul de la marge d'erreur. Selon une deuxième hypothèse, les journalistes connaissent tellement mal la marge d'erreur qu'ils se fient à l'interprétation qu'en font les maisons de sondage. Les données empiriques et les réponses aux questions d'entretiens soutiennent la deuxième hypothèse. Nous en concluons que pour mieux porter fruits, les efforts pour améliorer l'interprétation de la marge d'erreur devraient cibler les maisons de sondage autant que les journalistes.
Property Rights and Transitional Justice: A Forward-Looking Argument
Authors: Perez Nahshon 
Published: May 2013

Abstract.This article aims to describe a forward-looking approach to the problem of property rights in transitional justice contexts. Undemocratic regimes violate property rights in various ways, from simple theft to violations of opportunities to appropriate. Therefore, post-transition situations entail an obligation to correct such injustices. However, returning to the status quo ante is complex, costly and requires information that is often not available. An alternative is the suggested FCR: forward looking, commensurable and redistributive. Such an approach emphasizes the creation of a baseline of ownership and welfare rather than an attempt to return to the status quo ante.Résumé.Cet article tente de décrire un argument tourné vers l'avenir au sujet du problème des droits de propriété en contexte de justice transitionnelle. Les régimes non démocratiques violent les droits de propriété de multiple façons, de la simple usurpation à la violation des opportunités d'appropriation. Par conséquent, les situations post transitionnelles impliquent une obligation de corriger de telles injustices. Cependant, le retour au status quo ante s'avère complexe, coûteux et requiert de l'information qui, souvent, n'est plus disponible. Une alternative est l'argument suggéré FCR : prospectif, commensurable et redistributif. Une telle approche met l'emphase sur la création des conditions de base du droit à la propriété et du bien-être, plutôt que sur la tentative de restituer le status quo antérieur.