bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reactions of Aluminum Oxide Cluster Cations with Ethane: A Mass‐Spectrometric and Vibrational Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Phasuk Apakorn , Metz Ricardo B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe pathways for the reactions of aluminum oxide cluster ions with ethane have been measured. For selected ions (Al2O+, Al3O2+, Al3O4+, Al4O7+) the structure of the collisionally‐stabilized reaction intermediates were explored by measuring the photodissociation vibrational spectra from 2600 cm−1–3100 cm−1. Density functional theory was used to calculate features of the potential energy surfaces for the reactions and the vibrational spectra of intermediates. Generally, more than one isomer contributes to the observed spectrum. The oxygen‐deficient clusters Al2O+ and Al3O2+ have large C−H activation barriers, so only the entrance channel complexes in which intact C2H6 binds to aluminum are observed. This interaction leads to a substantial (~200 cm−1) red shift of the C−H symmetric stretch in ethane, indicating significant weakening of the proximal C−H bonds. In Al3O4+, the complex formed by interactions with three C2H6 is investigated and, in addition to entrance channel complexes, the C−H activation intermediate Al3O4H+(C2H5)(C2H6)2 is observed. For oxygen‐rich Al4O7+, the C2H6 is favored to bind at an aluminum site far from the reactive superoxide group, reducing the reactivity. As expected, oxygen‐rich species and open‐shell cluster ions have smaller barriers for C−H bond activation, except for Al3O4+ which is predicted and observed to be reactive.
Direct Reductive Amination of HMF to 5‐(Aminomethyl)‐2‐furanmethanol Using Supported Iridium‐based Catalysts
Authors: Ruiz Doris , Morales Karen , Mäki‐Arvela Päivi , Chimentão Ricardo J. , Murzin Dmitry Yu. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, partial reductive amination of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with gaseous ammonia over iridium supported on γ‐Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2 and carbon has been studied. The influence of the support and pressure was investigated in the valorization under mild conditions of HMF to 5‐(aminomethyl)‐2‐furanmethanol (AMFM). The catalysts were characterized by TEM, SEM‐EDS, N2 sorption Isotherms, TGA, CO‐Chemisorption, TPR, XRD, NH3‐TPD, ICP‐AES and XPS. The maximum activity and high rates were obtained for all catalytic systems. At 50 minutes of the reaction the Ir/C catalyst achieved 93 % of conversion and exhibited the highest yield and selectivity of 92 % and 99 % respectively, to the desired product 5‐(aminomethyl)‐2‐furanmethanol. The main properties that influence activity and selectivity are related to the amount of iridium on the surface and catalyst acidity. After the third cycle, 63 % and 59 % of selectivity and yield to AMFM respectively at 93 % of conversion were obtained.
Enhancing sustainable fit between corporate social responsibility and innovation: Implications for firm performance
Authors: Ushie Adadu Michael , Jiang Xu , Ali Adnan , Abdul Qadeer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite several studies on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and innovation on firm performance, the extent to which different CSR practices interacts with distinct innovation types in enhancing firm performance remains underexplored. We draw on contingency theory to examine how internal and external CSR interacts with exploitative and explorative innovation to improve firm performance. We discuss the interaction effects using a panel dataset of 1156 publicly listed Chinese firms that disclosed CSR and innovation information from 2008 to 2019. The results indicate that firms with high‐internal CSR benefit to a greater extent from explorative innovation than from exploitative innovation as a means of enhancing performance. In contrast, firms with high‐external CSR benefit to a greater extent from exploitative innovation than from explorative innovation to improve performance. We contribute to strategy and CSR literature by revealing how firms match specific CSR practices with distinct innovation types to enhance firm performance.
Environmental disclosure as a response to civil liberties and political rights in countries, myth or reality? The moderating role performed by board gender diversity
Authors: Pucheta‐Martínez María Consuelo , Gallego‐Álvarez Isabel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe influence of civil liberties and political rights on environmental disclosure, and the moderating effect of board gender diversity on the relationship between civil liberties and political rights and environmental disclosure, have not to date been studied in detail, as evidenced by the previous literature available. Therefore, this study aims to analyse how these institutional factors affect corporate environmental disclosure practices across different countries. The firms in our sample operate in 36 countries, spread across all the continents, and the period covered is 2009–2019. The database used to collect economic, social, environmental and governance data is Thomson Reuters' ASSET4, while the items for measuring civil liberty and political rights scores come from the Freedom House organisation (https://freedomhouse.org). The method used for estimating the model is the generalised method of moments (GMM) proposed by Arellano and Bond. The main findings of the study show that levels of civil liberty and political rights in the countries where the firms operate are positively associated with environmental disclosure. Furthermore, according to our evidence, the presence of female directors on boards plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between the level of civil liberty and environmental disclosure and between political rights and environmental disclosure. Additional robustness analyses corroborate our findings.
The YTH domain‐containing protein family: Emerging players in immunomodulation and tumour immunotherapy targets
Authors: Li Fenghe , Zeng Chong , Liu Jie , Wang Lei , Yuan Xiaorui , Yuan Li , Xia Xiaomeng , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe modification of N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) plays a pivotal role in tumor by altering both innate and adaptive immune systems through various pathways, including the regulation of messenger RNA. The YTH domain protein family, acting as “readers” of m6A modifications, affects RNA splicing, stability, and immunogenicity, thereby playing essential roles in immune regulation and antitumor immunity. Despite their significance, the impact of the YTH domain protein family on tumor initiation and progression, as well as their involvement in tumor immune regulation and therapy, remains underexplored and lacks comprehensive review.ConclusionThis review introduces the molecular characteristics of the YTH domain protein family and their physiological and pathological roles in biological behavior, emphasizing their mechanisms in regulating immune responses and antitumor immunity. Additionally, the review discusses the roles of the YTH domain protein family in immune‐related diseases and tumor resistance, highlighting that abnormal expression or dysfunction of YTH proteins is closely linked to tumor resistance.Key points
This review provides an in‐depth understanding of the YTH domain protein family in immune regulation and antitumor immunity, suggesting new strategies and directions for immunotherapy of related diseases.
These insights not only deepen our comprehension of m6A modifications and YTH protein functions but also pave the way for future research and clinical applications.
Optimal sensing duration and threshold selection approach in cognitive radio networks with cooperative spectrum sensing
Authors: Vinod Malvika , Sharma Ila , Singh Ghanshyam 
Published: August 2024

SummaryPerfect detection of unused/underutilized frequency band of the primary user (PU) in the cognitive radio communication systems is an essential component for its efficient utilization by the secondary/cognitive user (CU) without any interference. In the cooperative spectrum sensing scenario, the presence or absence of PU is determined by analyzing the decisions of each CU engaged in the collaboration. In this paper, we have emphasized on the significance of spectrum sensing duration in the optimal threshold selection approach in the cooperative spectrum sensing scenarios for a range of the received PU signal signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) from low to high values. The sensing duration parameter is taken as ts = 2.5 ms in the higher SNR environment, whereas in the lower SNR environment when the optimal threshold condition fails, ts is kept dynamic to satisfy minimum target values of sensing performance parameters. We have computed the spectrum sensing performance parameters and throughput using the same approach and compared the results with those obtained from the constant false‐alarm rate (CFAR), constant detection rate (CDR), and minimized error probability (MEP) threshold selection approaches. The spectrum sensing performance computed by the proposed approach is significantly improved as compared with the other reported approaches. At SNR = −24 dB, global probability of false alarm Qf = 0.002 and global probability of detection Qd = 0.999 are achieved. However, the throughput is relatively less for low SNR values.
Earthquake‐induced damage assessment of critical medical equipment using experimentally validated rolling and sliding nonlinear models
Authors: Guamán‐Cabrera Jaime , de la Llera Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHospital functionality relies not only on the building's structural robustness but also on the seismic performance of its Nonstructural elements, Systems, and Contents (NSC). The objective of this study is to characterize the earthquake‐induced damage to the medical equipment deployed in the full‐scale, five‐story concrete building tested at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) in 2012 when subjected to Design (DE) and Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) levels of demand with Fixed‐to‐the‐Base (FB) support condition. The experimental equipment displacement responses are extracted using the Camera Projection Technique (CPT). Then, sophisticated rolling and sliding models, including instantaneous motion tracking and impact detection are developed to reproduce the equipment behavior obtained from CPT. It was found that CPT was capable of extracting the observed responses and identifying impacts despite the severity of the shaking as long as no significant uplift of the equipment occurred. In addition, both numerical models were capable of reproducing the equipment's displacement trajectories, rotations about the vertical axis (yaw), and impacts as long as no interlocking of the equipment's parts occurred. Moreover, a case study of a partially equipped Emergency Room (ER) was set up to demonstrate that even for low‐intensity motions, the damage to equipment may be significant. Finally, the impact acceleration () is proposed as a proxy indicator of damage to medical equipment; however, more functionality tests accompanied by detailed pre‐ and post‐inspections are needed to define robust damage limit states and performance objectives for medical equipment.
Tolerance of Ambiguity and the Creative Action: To Engage and Endure
Authors: Stoycheva Katya 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the role of ambiguity tolerance in the self‐regulation of creative action. First, it traces the conceptual and methodological efforts in developing the construct and describes individual differences in tolerance—intolerance of ambiguity. Then, it examines the empirical studies relating ambiguity tolerance to creative thinking skills, creative performance, motivation for creativity, personality, and creative achievements. The reviewed body of evidence suggests that tolerance of ambiguity strengthens creative motivation, associates with originality, meaning construction, and redefinition skills, and fosters occupational creativity. Third, the paper explores the role of ambiguity tolerance in creative self‐regulation. The conceptual analysis proposes that tolerance of ambiguity is a personal resource to meet the demands of creative work at different levels of complexity—completing a project, pursuing continued creative activity, and growing one's creative enterprise. More specifically, ambiguity‐tolerant individuals tend to engage in intrinsically motivated exploration and experimentation, be open to the process, and playfully approach their tasks. They can endure the discomfort of recurrent encounters with ambiguity throughout the creative process. Furthermore, they may cope with novel, uncertain, contradictory, and complex settings and experiences that one faces in their lifetime dedication to creativity. This comprehensive conceptual framework combines various research perspectives and integrates the individual, social, and developmental aspects of creative self‐regulation. Although a tentative theoretical construction, it identifies mechanisms and processes related to ambiguity tolerance, whose empirical examination will further support expanding research on creative self‐regulation.
Study on the Pickering emulsions stabilized by SiO2 nanoparticles for enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Yang Liu , Ge Jijiang , Wu Hao , Guo Hongbin , Shan Jingling , Zhang Guicai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn high‐temperature and high‐salt environments, emulsions stabilized by surfactants are susceptible to instability phenomena, such as droplet coalescence, thereby limiting their utility in tertiary oil recovery. The Pickering emulsions, which are stabilized by solid particles, have been proved to exhibit good stability. This study demonstrated that the nonionic surfactant C16E20 can adsorb onto SiO2 nanoparticles with an efficiency exceeding 99%, rendering C16E20 suitable for modulating the wettability of SiO2 nanoparticles. By adjusting the proper surfactant‐to‐nanoparticle ratio, such as 0.1%:1.0%, a hydrophilic–lipophilic equilibrium is obtained, which is beneficial for the preparation of Pickering emulsions. Laser confocal and cryo‐scanning electron microscopy results indicated that SiO2 nanoparticles in Pickering emulsions were dispersed at the oil–water interface, forming a network structure between the emulsion droplets. Further experiments illustrated that the Pickering emulsions showed excellent stability for at least 180 days at 80°C. Conventional emulsions behave as Newtonian fluids at lower oil‐phase ratios, while Pickering emulsions exhibit non‐Newtonian fluid properties, with their viscosity capable of increasing by over 100 times. Additionally, Pickering emulsions were found to exhibit thixotropy, attributed to the reversible formation and destruction of droplet bridging structures. Overall, Pickering emulsions are regarded as potential agents for Enhanced Oil Recovery in oilfield development.
Vocal Fold Medialization Procedures in Previously Radiated Patients: A Survey of Practice Patterns
Authors: Bertoni Dylan , Siddiqui Sana , Han Chihun , Tibbetts Kathleen M. , Spiegel Joseph 
Published: August 2024

Background/ObjectivesHead and neck radiation therapy (HNRT) has traditionally been considered a contraindication to vocal fold medialization procedures. Although safety has been demonstrated, we hypothesize that actual management varies. This study evaluates practice patterns of otolaryngologists regarding vocal fold medialization in patients after HNRT.MethodsA 25‐question survey evaluating respondents' management of patients status post HNRT with vocal fold paresis/paralysis was distributed to 357 otolaryngologists. Practice patterns regarding injection laryngoplasty (IL), medialization thyroplasty (MT), and arytenoid adduction (AA) were queried.ResultsEight‐two clinicians (23%) completed the survey. Ninety‐one percent of respondents were laryngologists, 9% head and neck surgeons, 3% comprehensive otolaryngologists, and 3% “other.” Eleven (15%) had been in practice <5 years, 19 (25%) for 5–10 years, and 46 (61%) for >10 years. No respondents considered HNRT a contraindication to IL, and 11 (14%) reported complications from the procedure. Hyaluronic acid (58, 75%) was most commonly injected. Twenty percent considered HNRT a contraindication to MT, and 37% considered it a contraindication to AA. Gore‐Tex was used most commonly (65%). Twenty‐seven percent reported major complications after MT. All complications occurred in the >10‐year practice group, and this group was more likely to delay surgery after HNRT (p = 0.022). Respondents with complications were more likely to perform MT in HNRT patients (p = 0.0191).ConclusionsOtolaryngologists generally do not consider HNRT to be a contraindication to IL, but some consider it a contraindication to MT/AA. Previous complications do not appear to deter surgeons from performing MT.Level of EvidenceN/A (Survey Study) Laryngoscope, 2024
Synthetic Gene Drives in Plants: Development Strategies, Potential Applications, and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Liu Yawen , Jiao Bingke , Qian Wenfeng 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWe are facing significant agricultural and environmental challenges, including herbicide‐resistant weeds that compromise crop yields and invasive plant species that disrupt local ecosystems. Traditional crop breeding methods are increasingly seen as ineffective in the face of these issues. One innovative approach involves the use of gene drives, a technology that enables targeted genetic modifications to transmit at a super Mendelian rate (>50%) and therefore, rapidly propagate through natural populations. In this perspective, we introduce the principles underlying our development of a plant synthetic toxin‐antidote drive, CAIN (CRISPR‐Assisted Inheritance utilising NPG1). We evaluate the potential of gene drives to alter the genetics of weed populations or suppress invasive plant populations. We explore various factors that influence the effectiveness of gene drives, including the emergence of suppressor mutations and life‐history traits such as sexual and asexual reproduction patterns, seed and pollen dispersal methods, and the variability in plant generation times. Additionally, we discuss the biosafety concerns related to gene drive experiments and field releases, strategies to counteract unwanted gene drives, and the ethical implications, particularly considering the risk of the intentional misuse of gene drive technology and the need for robust regulatory and monitoring frameworks.
RF shimming in the cervical spinal cord at 7 T
Authors: Papp Daniel , Gilbert Kyle M. , Cereza Gaspard , D'Astous Alexandre , Lopez‐Rios Nibardo , Boudreau Mathieu , Couch Marcus J. , Yazdanbakhsh Pedram , Barry Robert L. , Alonso‐Ortiz Eva , Cohen‐Adad Julien 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeAdvancing the development of 7 T MRI for spinal cord imaging is crucial for the enhanced diagnosis and monitoring of various neurodegenerative diseases and traumas. However, a significant challenge at this field strength is the transmit field inhomogeneity. Such inhomogeneity is particularly problematic for imaging the small, deep anatomical structures of the cervical spinal cord, as it can cause uneven signal intensity and elevate the local specific absorption ratio, compromising image quality. This multisite study explores several RF shimming techniques in the cervical spinal cord.MethodsData were collected from 5 participants between two 7 T sites with a custom 8Tx/20Rx parallel transmission coil. We explored two radiofrequency (RF) shimming approaches from an MRI vendor and four from an open‐source toolbox, showcasing their ability to enhance transmit field and signal homogeneity along the cervical spinal cord.ResultsThe circularly polarized (CP), coefficient of variation (CoV), and specific absorption rate (SAR) efficiency shim modes showed the highest B1+ efficiency, and the vendor‐based “patient” and “volume” modes showed the lowest B1+ efficiency. The coefficient of variation method produced the highest CSF/spinal cord contrast on T2*‐weighted scans (ratio of 1.27 ± 0.03), and the lowest variation of that contrast along the superior–inferior axis.ConclusionThe study's findings highlight the potential of RF shimming to advance 7 T MRI's clinical utility for central nervous system imaging by enabling more homogenous and efficient spinal cord imaging. Additionally, the research incorporates a reproducible Jupyter Notebook, enhancing the study's transparency and facilitating peer verification.
An Intelligent Reinforcement Learning–Based Method for Threat Detection in Mobile Edge Networks
Authors: Saeed Muhammad Yousaf , He Jingsha , Zhu Nafei , Farhan Muhammad , Dev Soumyabrata , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy , Almadhor Ahmad 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTraditional techniques for detecting threats in mobile edge networks are limited in their ability to adapt to evolving threats. We propose an intelligent reinforcement learning (RL)–based method for real‐time threat detection in mobile edge networks. Our approach enables an agent to continuously learn and adapt its threat detection capabilities based on feedback from the environment. Through experiments, we demonstrate that our technique outperforms traditional methods in detecting threats in dynamic edge network environments. The intelligent and adaptive nature of our RL‐based approach makes it well suited for securing mission‐critical edge applications with stringent latency and reliability requirements. We provide an analysis of threat models in multiaccess edge computing and highlight the role of on‐device learning in enabling distributed threat intelligence across heterogeneous edge nodes. Our technique has the potential, significantly enhancing threat visibility and resiliency in next‐generation mobile edge networks. Future work includes optimizing sample efficiency of our approach and integrating explainable threat detection models for trustworthy human–AI collaboration.
Temperature‐Induced Transformation of the Atomic Configuration of the BO2* Defect in Boron‐Doped Czochralski Si
Authors: Khirunenko Lyudmyla , Sosnin Mykhailo , Duvanskii Andrii , Abrosimov Nikolay 
Published: August 2024

In this study, the new data concerning the electronic and vibrational properties of the BsO2i* defect in Czochralski‐grown boron‐doped silicon are reported. In silicon subjected to treatment at elevated temperatures, a new boron‐related defect is detected. An additional intracenter electronic transition for boron associated with the revealed defect is observed. The defect is identified as BsO2i due to the linear dependence of its formation efficiency on the boron content and the quadratic dependence on the oxygen concentration. The revealed complex is formed synchronously with the annealing of the previously identified BsO2i* defect. The detected complex is formed as a result of temperature transformation of the atomic configuration of the BsO2i* defect. The transformation occurs with activation energy of 2.59 eV. The local vibrational modes associated with both configurations of the BsO2i* complex are identified. The results of the study suggest that the BsO2i* defect in both configurations exists in a wide temperature interval, impacts the optical and electronic properties of the material, and must be taken into consideration when developing Si:B‐based devices.
Cover Image
Authors: Mehboodi Dariush , Shahedi Abbas , Namavar Mohammad Reza , Yadegari Maryam , Vakili Mahmood 
Published: August 2024

The cover image is based on the article Effect of berberine on the hippocampal structure, biochemical factors, memory, and blood‐brain barrier in rat model of transient global cerebral ischemia by Dariush Mehboodi et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8234.image