bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
English Extracurricular Activities in Developing Language Intelligence at SMP Plus Al Munawaroh Jember
Authors: Aliyah Sofiatil , Machfudi Moch. Imam , Suratinah Suratinah 
Published: June 2024

Extracurricular activities are educational activities that take place outside of traditional classroom settings. These activities take place inside and/or outside of the school environment in order to broaden knowledge, improve skills, and internalize religious values or laws, as well as local, national, and global social norms. This is a qualitative study, which stresses the meaning and process of an activity rather than the outcome of an activity. By referring to the data taken from teacher and students’ involvement in the extracuricular activities and based on the results of observations and interviews, this study reveals that the majority of students are engaged in the extracuricular activities and benefit greatly from them. Aside from that, the activity facilitated teachers in carrying out coaching, direction, care, and supervision in order to achieve the desired results. Students' language intelligence in learning English at SMP Plus Al Munawaroh Tempurejo Jember was formed by an acivity to communicate with others, both with their peers and with their teachers, using English even though it was often mixed up with their native language. Students were also engaged to perform their learning outcomes in many stages of learning.
Pengaruh Terpaan Akun Instagram @magdaleneid dan Motif Penggunaan Terhadap Persepsi Followers
Authors: Wibowo Devi Aulya , Ahmad Nasher  
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

This study focuses on mass communication's evolution in response to the emergence of new media. Presently, social media has gained unparalleled popularity. As per Hootsuite data, active social media users in Indonesia represent 60.4% of the population, encompassing approximately 167 million users. Remarkably, Instagram alone captures 86.5% of the entire active social media user base in Indonesia. Thus, this research aims to ascertain how exposure to the Instagram account @magdaleneid and its usage motives impact followers' perceptions.The utilized theory is the "uses and gratifications" theory. Employing a quantitative approach within the positivism paradigm, this study includes 399 respondents—active Instagram users following @magdaleneid. Sampling relies on purposive sampling technique. The analysis incorporates validity tests, reliability tests, classic assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, F tests, and coefficient of determination for questionnaires and data. The findings from the F test reveal that both media exposure and motives for media usage exert partial influence on followers' perceptions of the Instagram account @magdaleneid. The acceptance of Ha and rejection of H0 substantiate this. The results of the multiple linear regression test demonstrating a positive effect. Notably, the motive usage variable emerges as a stronger influencer on followers' perceptions.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini berlatar belakang dari komunikasi massa yang mengalami perkembangan setelah adanya new media. Media yang paling digemari saat ini yaitu media sosial. Menurut data hootsuit pengguna aktif media sosial di Indonesia sebanyak 60,4% dari populasi di Indonesia. Sekitar 167 juta masyarakat Indonesia aktif dalam menggunakan media sosial. Instagram sendiri memiliki memiliki 86,5% pengguna dari jumlah populasi pengguna aktif media sosial di Indonesia. Jadi berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut maka tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terpaan akun Instagram @magdaleneid dan motif penggunaan terhadap persepsi followers. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori uses and gratifications. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan paradigma positivism. Responden berjumlah 399 orang, adalah pengguna aktif Instagram yang merupakan followers akun Instagram @magdaleneid. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling. Kuesioner beserta data diolah menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linear berganda, uji F dan koefisien determinasi. Berdasarkan uji F, variabel terpaan media dan motif penggunaan media berpengaruh terhadap persepsi followers pada akun Instagram @magdaleneid secara simultan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Dari hasil uji linear berganda penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa penelitian ini berpengaruh positif dan terlihat bahwa variabel motif penggunaan media lebih besar memberikan pengaruh terhadap persepsi followers.
Makna Peran Manusia sebagai Khalifah dan Paradigma Teosentrisme dalam Etika Lingkungan Islam
Authors: Saputra Kurniawan Dwi , Maharani Septiana Dwiputri 
Published: June 2024

The economic progress obtained by humans brought about negative impact on environment. This is the consequence of the anthropocentric view which legitimizes the exploitation of nature. In Islam, the anthropocentric paradigm can be traced back to the interpretation of the caliph concept. This study intends to interpret the concept of caliph from the Qur’an. The purpose of this study is to observe the interpretation of caliph that is in line with the spirit of environmental preservation. This is a qualitative research and uses literature study as a method. The data collected from written sources. Data verification techniques use source triangulation and data analysis techniques is interactive analysis method. This study found that the concept of caliph is in contrast position to the exploitative attitude towards the environment. From a literal study, the word khalifah means ruler or successor to the generation of people that reflects the value of sustainability.
The series of verses on the creation of the caliph (al-Baqarah 30) also carries a message against destructive acts on earth (ifsad). Finally, the context of caliph creation of the caliph is aimed at prospering the earth with a just attitude and in accordance with the law of God. Theocentric paradigm is the foundation of environmental ethics in Islam which is more comprehensive than biocentrism and ecocentrism. This paradigm indeed places humans in a central position in the universe. However, this important role aims to actualize the perfection of of every existence. To do that, humans need to avoid acting ifsad (destruction) in relation to nature.
Hermeneutika Sebagai Jalan Teologi Pembebasan Farid Esack
Authors: Randa Syafrinal 
Published: June 2024

Liberation theology is a theological view that was born and developed as a self-liberation movement or group from oppression. Liberation theology is also a phenomenological discourse with plural social conditions and experiencing oppression and inequality that restrain religious adherents. Farid Esack, a South African intellectual who was in the Apartheid regime, held the view that believers should not submit to political authority and discriminatory social conditions of society. In this social condition, Farid Esack saw the need to reinterpret the Qur'an using hermeneutics as an approach. Through the concept of hermeneutics, he is able to give rise to new ideas about theology or what he calls liberation theology. This is an effort to answer existing social problems, especially in South Africa. The writing of this article uses the library research method with a literature study approach, which is carried out by collecting and analyzing information from written sources such as books, journals, articles, and documents related to the topic discussed. According to Farid Esack, the concept of hermeneutics is very necessary considering that the books in religion are not only a teaching concept that only contains rituals but also contains universal human liberation from social inequality and oppression.
Benchmarking the Performance of Large Language Models in Uveitis: A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Google Gemini, and Anthropic Claude3
Authors: Cen Ling-Ping , Zhao Fang-Fang , He Han-Jie , Liang Jia-Jian , Wang Yun , Lin Hongjie , Chen Feifei , Li Tai-Ping , Yang Jian-Feng , Chen Lan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy, comprehensiveness, and readability of responses generated by various Large Language Models (LLMs) (ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, Claude 3, and GPT-4.0) in the clinical context of uveitis, utilizing a meticulous grading methodology.
METHODS
Twenty-seven clinical uveitis questions were presented individually to four Large Language Models (LLMs): ChatGPT (versions GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0), Google Gemini, and Claude. Three experienced uveitis specialists independently assessed the responses for accuracy using a three-point scale across three rounds with a 48-hour wash-out interval. The final accuracy rating for each LLM response ('Excellent', 'Marginal', or 'Deficient') was determined through a majority consensus approach. Comprehensiveness was evaluated using a three-point scale for responses rated 'Excellent' in the final accuracy assessment. Readability was determined using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level formula. Statistical analyses were conducted to discern significant differences among LLMs, employing a significance threshold of p < 0.05.
RESULTS
Claude 3 and ChatGPT 4 demonstrated significantly higher accuracy compared to Gemini (p < 0.001). Claude 3 also showed the highest proportion of 'Excellent' ratings (96.3%), followed by ChatGPT 4 (88.9%). ChatGPT 3.5, Claude 3, and ChatGPT 4 had no responses rated as 'Deficient', unlike Gemini (14.8%) (p = 0.014). ChatGPT 4 exhibited greater comprehensiveness compared to Gemini (p = 0.008), and Claude 3 showed higher comprehensiveness compared to Gemini (p = 0.042). Gemini showed significantly better readability compared to ChatGPT 3.5, Claude 3, and ChatGPT 4 (p < 0.001). Gemini also had fewer words, letter characters, and sentences compared to ChatGPT 3.5 and Claude 3.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study highlights the outstanding performance of Claude 3 and ChatGPT 4 in providing precise and thorough information regarding uveitis, surpassing Gemini. ChatGPT 4 and Claude 3 emerge as pivotal tools in improving patient understanding and involvement in their uveitis healthcare journey.
Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease clinical research: A child-parent dyad survey on research preferences and acceptability
Authors: Gilbert Carlee M , Bush Andrew , Bennett Kate M , Brown Christopher 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Despite patient and public involvement (PPI) in paediatric rare disease research being a challenge, PPI is strongly advocated for clinical research. PPI provides the opportunity for young people to support research for the future of their healthcare and improve their own understanding of their health condition, thus improving health outcomes. The aim of this child-parent dyad survey was to investigate the understanding and preferences of clinical research in 26 young people affected with childhood Interstitial Lung Disease (chILD) (age 6 to 17) and their parents. The survey results captured young people’s understanding of informed consent/assent and confirmed young people and their parents are the main decision-makers in their undertaking research. For clinical research acceptability, parents were more open for their child to participate in clinical research than young people. Parents expressed less preference for their child to participate in research that involved untested medicines and surgery, whereas young people expressed less preference to undertake research that involved untested medicines, surgery, and venepuncture. These novel findings indicate that the survey designed for this study effectively captured young people’s opinions in an online non-clinical setting and found a potential disconnect between the young person’s needs and opinions and parents’ preferences of clinical research. The development of chILD research education and a young person forum is recommended to build and foster clinician/researcher relationships. Ultimately, this will allow for building stronger PPI links and improved chILD clinical research.
Application of a new video laryngoscope in laryngeal mask insertion: a manikin study
Authors: Zheng Zhihao , Li Haibo , Li Ying , Li Jinrui , Zhou Qi , Song Jiannan , Liang Xiaodong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Laryngeal masks have been widely used in clinical practice. However, the placement of the laryngeal mask may lead to misalignment of the laryngeal mask or complications such as pharyngeal pain and bleeding. Laryngoscope-guided laryngeal mask placement can improve the alignment of the laryngeal mask and reduce the incidence of complications. However, due to the structural characteristics of the laryngoscope, the laryngeal mask placement cannot achieve a perfect effect. Designing a visual laryngoscope for laryngeal mask placement to improve the success rate of laryngeal mask placement is an important problem in clinical practice.
Methods
44 junior anesthesiologists participated in this study. They were divided into two groups according to the computer-generated random number table. The LMA was inserted into an airway manikin in a blind fashion (blind group) or under visualization with the video laryngoscope-guided group (VL group). The success rate of laryngeal mask placement, insertion time, fiberoptic classification, times of manual optimization, and difficulty of placement were recorded.
Results
The LMA was successfully inserted in all participants. The success rate of laryngeal mask placement in the VL group was higher than that in the L group (94% vs 65%, p = 0.025). The insertion time (33.76 ± 4.78 vs 45.06 ± 6.27, p < 0.001) and the times of manual optimization of the laryngeal mask (9% vs 36%, p = 0.031) in the video laryngoscope-guided group were lower than in the blind group. The VL group has a higher fiberoptic classification (p = 0.026).
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the improved video laryngoscope is easy to operate, which can increase the success rate of laryngeal mask implantation, shorten the insertion time, reduce the number of adjustments and have a higher optical fiber score.
The Impact of Vagal Nerve Stimulation From the Lateral Neck Region on Venous Canulation Pain: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Adıgüzel Şenay Canikli , Soydan Emre Can , Kayıkçı Ebru , Süren Mustafa , Okan İsmail 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
As the cranial nerve with the longest and widest distribution area of the body, the vagus nerve (N.Vagus) has both antinociceptive and neuromodulatory effects and plays a role in the regulation of the heart rate. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of cold stimulation on vascular access discomfort and heart rate variability, specifically by separately stimulating the N. Vagus nerve on both the right and left sides of the neck thereby assessing any lateralization effect.
Methods
140 patients, ranging in age from 18 to 75, were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group Left (Group L) or Group Right (Group R). Following cold application to the left lateral neck region of Group L and the right lateral neck region of Group R, venous cannulation was performed. Prior to, following, and subsequent to vascular access, the heart rate, noninvasive blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and numeric pain scale (NRS) values for venous cannulation pain of the patients were documented.
Results
Average heart rates and average heart rates after cannulation were considerably lower in both groups after vagal stimulation (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed when comparing the average heart rate values for each time period in Group L and Group R, including the mean heart rate values before vagal stimulation, after vagal stimulation, and after vascular access (p > 0.05). The mean heart rate change percentages before and after vagal stimulation were 7 ± 5.8% and 7.1 ± 7.0% in group L and group R respectively, suggesting that heart rate variability was greater in Group R, although this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). NRS values were found to be 2.64 ± 1.28 in Group L and 2.85 ± 1.62 in Group R, with no significant difference (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
While heart rate variability exhibited more prominence on the right side, the difference was not statistically significant. Analyzing the analgesic impact revealed no discernible difference between the analgesic effects of stimulation from the right and left sides.
Agro-morphological variability and prospects of genetic improvement of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. collections in some central Africa countries
Authors: BENOIT-CONSTANT LIKENG-LI-NGUE , Landry NDZANA NDZANA Emile Lionel , Ibram ALADJI ABATCHOUA Madi Madi , Fort MBO NKOULOU Luther , Thierry MOLO , Shérifa MOLO Nathalie , TCHANG Hourounou Nineck , Bille Ngalle Hermine , Martin Bell Joseph 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a Malvaceae with multiple economic and pharmacological potential, little or poorly known and under-exploited in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic variability of 36 collections from several countries in the Central African sub-region, in an alpha lattice design (6x6) with two replications at the University of Yaoundé I. The data collected from five plants in each plot per replication were randomly selected from the middle row, excluding the border plants, and harvested at the stage of 50% flowering. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) were estimated using the R software variability package (version 3.5.1). The analysis of variance results from the 20 traits evaluated including 13 qualitative and 7 quantitative showed significant differences (P < 0.0001) between accessions at 60 days after sowing. Average heights to first branch ranged from 2.62 to 14.70 cm and the plant heights ranged from 10.5 to 86 cm. Mean collar diameter values varied between 0.40 and 1.36 cm. Collar diameter was strongly and positively correlated with the number of branches (r = 0.8) and with the 50% flowering date. Flower bud initiation date (DIBF) was negatively correlated with chlorophyll index (-0.6) and plant height (-0.4). Hierarchical clustering grouped the collections into 03 groups of 10 collections, 12 collections and 14 collections respectively. However, no differences were observed between collection origins for all parameters studied. High heritability was recorded for growth parameters such as collar diameter (0.6143), number of branches (0.6363), plant height (0.7240) and height of first branch (0.7653), revealing strong potential for selection and genetic improvement. The first two axes of the PCA which explained 64.7% were taken into account. The association of quantitative variables and collections showed the top 10 collections which represented potential parents for breeding programs.
Analytical potential energy functions for CO+ in its ground and excited electronic states
Authors: Araújo Judith P. , Ballester Maikel Y. , Lugão Isadora G. , Silva Rafael P. , Martins Mariana P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Accurate functions to analytically represent the potential energy interactions of CO+ diatomic system in X 2∑+, A2∏ and B 2∑+electronic states are proposed. The new functions depend upon only four parameters directly obtained from experimental data, without any fitting procedure. These functions have been developed from the modified generalized potential proposed by Araújo and Ballester [Phys. Scr. 96, 125407 (2021)]. The function for the X 2∑+ electronic state represents a significant improvement to the previously proposed model. To quantify the accuracy of the potential energy functions, the least-squares Z-test method, proposed by Murrell and Sorbie, is used. Furthermore, the main spectroscopic constants and vibrational energy levels are calculated and compared for all potentials. The present results agree excellently with the experiment Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) potentials.
Muscle loss is prevalent and severe in the ICU: A Canadian multi-centre study analyzing clinically acquired CT images
Authors: Smith Ainsley Catherine Joan , Hisey Brandon M. , Lee Chel Hee , Grant Christopher J. , Walker Richard E.A. , Solverson Kevin J. , Bott Kirsten N. , Doig Christopher J. , Manske Sarah L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Muscle weakness is a common and debilitating complication of critical illness. Understanding the prevalence, severity, and risk factors associated with intensive care unit (ICU) acquired weakness is challenging, as critically ill patients are often unable to participate in muscle strength assessments. Muscle cross-sectional area obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans can be used as a surrogate measure for muscle strength. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in muscle in the ICU using clinically acquired CT imaging.
Methods
For this multi-centre cohort study, we acquired baseline and follow-up CT abdominal scans for 171 ICU trauma and sepsis patients from four hospitals in Calgary, Canada. We measured mean psoas muscle cross-sectional area at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. Patient demographic and illness-related information were acquired using electronic medical records. Linear mixed models and regressions were used to assess risk factors.
Results
Patients experienced an 8% reduction in psoas muscle CSA (1.2 cm2, IQR = 0.1, 2.3) over a median 9 days in the ICU. This represents a median muscle loss rate of 1% per day. The prevalence of substantial muscle loss (> 10%) was 43%. Patients with greater muscle at baseline or greater time in the ICU experienced more profound muscle loss. For sepsis patients, greater rate of muscle loss was associated with increased ICU mortality (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Muscle loss in the ICU is common, especially among patients with longer ICU stays or greater baseline muscle. Greater rate of muscle loss is associated with mortality.
Robotic Surgery of the Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Urinary Tract Single Surgeon Initial Experience, 66 consecutive cases
Authors: Farzat Mahmoud , Leyh-Bannurah Sami-Ramzi , Wagenlehner Florian M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Robotic surgery is increasingly utilized in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UTUC). This study investigates the advantages and burden of robot-assisted surgical treatment of the urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in a referral urological department, along with their functional and oncological results.
Methods: The study included 66 prospectively enrolled patients who were surgically treated by a single, robotically specialized surgeon between July 2019 and December 2023. Patients were divided into three groups. Group 1: 50 patients underwent robot-assisted radical Nephroureterectomy (RANU) with bladder cuff excision, Group 2: 11 patients underwent RANU simultaneously with robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC), and Group 3: 5 patients underwent robot-assisted segmental ureterectomy (RASU). Clinical and oncological parameters were compared. Perioperative morbidity according to Clavien-Dindo was the primary endpoint of our study. The secondary endpoint was oncologic outcomes.
Results: 37.8% of patients had locally advanced carcinomas. The average console time of RANU with bladder cuff excision was 69 minutes. The rate of positive surgical margins was n=1/66 (2%). Lymphadenectomy (LAD) was performed on 30% of patients, with a mean of 13.7 lymph nodes removed. Of those who received LAD, 33% had lymph node metastasis. n=6/66 (9%) patients received blood transfusion. The overall complication rate was 24%. The readmission rate was 7.5%. With a median follow-up of 26 months, the 2-year recurrence-free survival rate was 84.4%, and the 2-year overall survival rate was 94%.
Conclusion: Robotic surgery is a feasible option for treating UTUC that can be adapted to meet the surgical needs of each patient. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm its benefits.