bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative morphology of the male genitalia of Aphididae (Insecta, Hemiptera): part 2
Authors: Wieczorek Karina , Płachno Bartosz J. , Świątek Piotr 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe present study provides new data related to the morphology of the male genitalia of Aphididae. The structure of the male genitalia of 39 species from 23 genera of Aphididae was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. In the species studied, the genitalia of males consist of a phallus composed of the sclerotized basal part with its articulation and a membranous apical part—an aedeagus as well as parameres. This state probably represents the hypothetical plesiomorphic condition of the external male genitalia of aphids. According to the results of the present study, the male genitalia vary among subfamilies (the most varied in Lachninae). Both the phallus and parameres show great variability in their form and the number of setae and may provide characters of taxonomic and diagnostic importance. The shape, size, and modification of parameres are considered in conjunction with the phylogenetic relationships among the studied taxa. Compared with Lachninae, Greenideinae, Aiceoninae, the external genitalia of Aphidinae are less specialized, having many features in common with those of drepanosiphine aphids and differing little from the hypothetical condition. In dwarfish males of Anoeciinae, Thelaxinae, Hormaphidinae, and Eriosomatinae, the miniaturization of the body size affects on the modification of genitalia, mostly parameres. However, the homology of non-modified and modified structures of parameres is not clear.
The cumulative load of depressive illness is associated with cognitive function in the remitted state of unipolar depressive disorder
Authors: Hasselbalch B.J. , Knorr U. , Hasselbalch S.G. , Gade A. , Kessing L.V. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjective:To investigate whether the cumulative number, duration and subtypes (severity and presence of psychotic features) of previous episodes of depression in patients with unipolar depressive disorder in a remitted state are associated with decreased global cognitive function.Methods:Via the Danish registers individuals between 40 and 80 years of age were identified: (1) patients with a diagnosis of unipolar disorder at their first discharge from a psychiatric hospital in the period 1994 to 2002, and (2) gender and age matched control individuals. The participants were assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG), which provides a composite measure of global cognitive function.Results:A total of 88 patients and 50 controls accepted our invitation to participate, fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in the study. The cumulative duration of depressive episodes was associated with a decreased CAMCOG score adjusted for age, gender, education, premorbid IQ and residual depressive symptoms (B = −0.14, 95% C.I. (−0.26, −0.02), R2adj = 0.31, P = .02). Significant associations were also found between CAMCOG score and the cumulative duration and total number of depressive episodes with psychotic features, respectively.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that cognitive dysfunction is associated with the cumulative duration of depressive episodes, and that, in particular, depressive episodes with psychotic features in the course of illness may be a significant predictor of future impairment of cognitive function.
Changes in Biomechanical Properties of Glenohumeral Joint Capsules With Adhesive Capsulitis by Repeated Capsule‐Preserving Hydraulic Distensions With Saline Solution and Corticosteroid
Authors: Koh Eun S. , Chung Sun G. , Kim Tae Uk , Kim Hee Chan 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveTo investigate whether capsule‐preserving hydraulic distension with saline solution and corticosteroid for adhesive capsulitis induces biomechanical alterations in glenohumeral joint capsules along with clinical improvements.DesignA case series.SettingUniversity outpatient clinic of physical medicine and rehabilitation.ParticipantsEighteen patients with unilateral adhesive capsulitis.Intervention and Main Outcome MeasurementsThree hydraulic distensions with saline solution and corticosteroid were performed with 1‐month intervals. To avoid rupturing capsules, all distensions were monitored by using real‐time pressure–volume curves. Stiffness, maximal volume capacity, and pressure at the maximal volume capacity of the capsule were measured at each intervention. Clinical parameters, such as pain and range of motion, were recorded before, 3 days after, and 1 month after each distension.ResultsStiffness decreased (47.6 ± 27.1 mm Hg/mL to 31.7 ± 18.4 mm Hg/mL to 24.2 ± 14.0 mm Hg/mL, mean SD) and maximal volume capacity increased (18.8 ± 7.3 mL to 20.5 ± 7.5 mL to 24.2 ± 7.0 mL, mean SD) significantly (P = .001 for both) at each repeated hydraulic distension. Pressure at the maximal volume capacity tended to decrease, but the decrements were not statistically significant (P = .662). The clinical parameters were significantly improved throughout and 1 month after the 3 repeat procedures (P < .05 for all).ConclusionCapsule‐preserving hydraulic distension changed the biomechanical properties of the glenohumeral joint capsule, lessening the stiffness and enlarging the volume capacity. These alterations were accompanied by improved range of motion and relief of pain. Repeated capsule‐preserving hydraulic distension with saline solution and corticosteroid would be useful to treat adhesive capsulitis and to evaluate the treatment results.
Redescription of the archosaurParringtonia gracilisfrom the Middle Triassic Manda beds of Tanzania, and the antiquity of Erpetosuchidae
Authors: NESBITT STERLING J. , BUTLER RICHARD J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractParringtonia gracilisHuene, 1939 is represented by both cranial and postcranial material collected from the lower Middle Triassic (Anisian) Lifua Member of the Manda beds in southwestern Tanzania. This aberrant taxon was previously proposed to have affinities with pseudosuchian archosaurs, and specifically with the enigmaticErpetosuchus grantifrom the Upper Triassic of Scotland. Here, we confirm the close affinities ofParringtonia gracilisandErpetosuchus grantibased on the following unambiguous synapomorphies: mediolaterally expanded posterior portion of the maxilla, alveoli present only in the anterior half of the maxilla, and absence of tooth serrations. Furthermore, the two taxa share osteoderms with deep sculpturing, a deep fossa on the dorsal margin of the neural spines and a heavily waisted shaft of the scapula. We added bothParringtonia gracilisandErpetosuchus grantiinto a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of early archosaurs and found that these taxa are clearly referable to Archosauria but that relationships are poorly resolved at the base of this clade. However, our analysis demonstrates thatErpetosuchus grantiis not closely related to Crocodylomorpha, as has been hypothesized previously. The Erpetosuchidae are a clade of small-bodied archosaurs that have a poor fossil record but have members from both northern and southern Pangaea, ranging temporally from the Middle to Late Triassic. Thus, Erpetosuchidae is part of the early archosaurian radiation.
Object Biography, Re-use and Recycling in the Late to Post-Roman Transition Period and Beyond: Rings made from Romano-British Bracelets
Authors: Swift Ellen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDocumenting a phenomenon that has previously been overlooked, this article examines the later stages of object biography in relation to Romano-British bracelets, namely, their modification and subsequent re-use as smaller rings. Re-use is shown to occur widely and is particularly associated with the late fourth to early fifth centuriesa.d., with cut-down bracelets also found in early Anglo-Saxon cemeteries. The making of smaller rings from late Roman bracelets is demonstrated to be part of a wider phenomenon of re-use, repair and recycling at the end of the Roman period in Britain, with attendant implications of cultural and economic change. It is proposed that the transformation of these artefacts was accompanied by changes in meaning which undermine the apparent continuity that is seen in the extended lifespan of the original object. This in turn illuminates the way that wider cultural norms were gradually eroded in the fifth century. Through the study of these artefacts a new perspective is provided on the transition to post-Roman Britain and the relationship between this and the early Anglo-Saxon period.
The past, present and future of Galactic planetary nebula surveys
Authors: Parker Quentin A. , Frew David J. , Acker Agnes , Miszalski Brent 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOver the last decade Galactic planetary nebula discoveries have entered a golden age due to the emergence of high sensitivity, high resolution narrow-band surveys of the Galactic plane. These have been coupled with access to complimentary, deep, multi-wavelength surveys across near-IR, mid-IR and radio regimes in particular from both ground-based and space-based telescopes. These have provided powerful diagnostic and discovery capabilities. In this review these advances are put in the context of what has gone before, what we are uncovering now and through the window of opportunity that awaits in the future. The astrophysical potential of this brief but key phase of late stage stellar evolution is finally being realised.
A wealth of new planetary nebulae from the IPHAS survey
Authors: Corradi Romano L.M. , Sabin Laurence ,   the IPHAS collaboration
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe report on the current status of the search for planetary nebulae (PNe) in the IPHAS survey, the 1800 square degree H-alpha survey of the Northern Galactic Plane carried out at La Palma Observatory. The first major installment of the “IPHAS Catalogue of Extended Nebulae” is presented. This includes a complete census of emission-line nebulae in 320 square degrees toward the inner regions of the Galaxy. In this area, more than 450 emission nebulae have been catalogued including 100 known PNe, and 155 new IPHAS candidate PNe.A vigorous programme of spectroscopic confirmation of IPHAS candidate PNe over the entire survey area is underway using a number of telescopes worldwide. So far, around one hundred new PNe over the whole IPHAS area have been spectroscopically confirmed. Their main properties, some outstanding examples, as well as the relevance of the IPHAS survey to determine the total PN population in the Galactic disc and its chemical gradient is discussed.
Herschel observations of planetary nebulae in the MESS key program
Authors: van Hoof P. A. M. , Barlow M. J. , Van de Steene G. C. , Exter K. M. , Wesson R. , Ottensamer R. , Lim T. L. , Sibthorpe B. , Matsuura M. , Ueta T. , Van Winckel H. , Waelkens C. ,   the MESS consortium
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this paper we give a progress report on the Herschel observations of planetary nebulae that are carried out as part of the MESS guaranteed time key program.
New advances in the field of planetary nebulae from ultraviolet observations
Authors: Bianchi Luciana 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe ultraviolet (UV) domain, in particular shortwards of Lyα, provides unique information to unravel the physical parameters of Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae (CSPNe) and the paths for this elusive final stage of stellar evolution, thanks to a wealth of diagnostic transitions from ionic species not observable at other wavelengths. Intermediate mass stars are the major providers of important elements like C and N. Understanding how they shed most of their initial mass is critical for understanding the chemical enrichment of the ISM. Mass-loss diagnostic lines abound at UV wavelengths, and when the CSPN reaches the hottestTeffbefore turning on the WD-cooling sequence, and the wind fades, the last wind lines to disappear are found in the far-UV, as well as diagnostic lines for elements such as Ne. This domain also offers a host of H2transitions, tracing the circum-stellar material expelled in previous phases. UV images and spectra of PNe add critical constraints to their ionization structure and to some abundances. Finally, the recent GALEX sky surveys in two UV bands afforded the first unbiased census of hot white dwarfs (WD) and post-AGB objects in the Milky Way, significantly expanding known catalogs and providing statistical constraints to the initial-final mass relation.
A mid-infrared imaging survey of post-AGB stars
Authors: Lagadec Eric , Verhoelst Tijl , Mékarnia Djamel , Suárez Olga , Zijlstra Albert A. , Bendjoya Philippe , Szczerba Ryszard , Chesneau Olivier , Van Winckel Hans , Barlow Michael J. , Matsuura Mikako , Bowey Janet E. , Lorenz-Martins Silvia , Gledhill Tim 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPost-AGB stars are key objects for the study of the dramatic morphological changes of low- to intermediate-mass stars on their evolution from the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) towards the planetary nebula stage. There is growing evidences that binary interaction processes may very well have a determining role in the shaping process of many objects, but so far direct evidence is still weak. We aim at a systematic study of the dust distribution around a large sample of post-AGB stars as a probe of the symmetry breaking in the nebulae around these systems. We used imaging in the mid-infrared to study the inner part of these evolved stars to probe direct emission from dusty structures in the core of post-AGB stars in order to better understand their shaping mechanisms. We imaged a sample of 93 evolved stars and nebulae in the mid-infrared using VISIR/VLT, T-Recs/Gemini South and Michelle/Gemini North. We found that all the the proto-planetary nebulae we resolved show a clear departure from spherical symmetry. 59 out of the 93 observed targets appear to be non resolved. The resolved targets can be divided in two categories. The nebulae with a dense central core, that are either bipolar and multipolar. The nebulae with no central core have an elliptical morphology. The dense central torus observed likely host binary systems which triggered fast outflows that shaped the nebulae.
SOFIA observations of the planetary nebula NGC 7009
Authors: Rubin R. H. , Colgan S. W. J. , Corradi R. L. M. , Sankrit R. , Tielens A. G. G. M. , Tsamis Y. G. , Sivaraja V. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe report spectrophotometric observations made with SOFIA/FORCAST on 2011 June 2 UT. Optical measurements have previously shown that the abundance discrepancy factor (adf) varies with position in several high-adf PNe, and is highest close to the central star. The very low electron temperature inclusions postulated to explain the abundance discrepancy, must be cooled predominantly by fine structure IR lines. These SOFIA data will map mid-IR FS lines (and our related Herschel program will add several far-IR FS lines) in the bright, well-characterized, high-adf PN NGC 7009. We will compare these IR results with FS optical line measurements in order to correlate ratios of IR to optical fluxes with position, and thus correlate with where the adf peaks.
AGB mass loss
Authors: Willson Lee A. , Wang Qian 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMass loss on the AGB removes most of the envelope and leaves a compact remnant to become a white dwarf and perhaps first the central star of a planetary nebula. The envelope mass provides an upper limit on the material available to form the PN, and the terminal mass loss rate plus the small remnant mass left on the core determines how much of that would still be available to form the PN after the star has evolved far enough to the blue. Given a mass loss formula based on observations or models, we can find the deathline where −dMstar/dt = (M/L) dL/dt and can find the contours of constant mass loss rate on a plot of M vs. L. From such plots we can derive the mass available for a PN and the lowest mass single star that can produce a PN of a given mass. However, some details important for PN formation remain uncertain, including the maximum mass loss rate achieved and the envelope mass left when AGB mass loss ceases.
Population synthesis of planetary nebulae from binaries
Authors: Moe Maxwell , De Marco Orsola 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThere is at present no viable theory whereby a single star with MMS < 2.3 ± 0.3 M⊙ can sustain a PN-forming superwind with Ṁ > 3×10−5 M⊙ yr−1 at the tip of the AGB that can eject the last ~0.3 M⊙ of envelope mass. We propose that a binary companion can not only result in non-spherical PN, but more importantly provide the AGB mass loss rate enhancement that is required to create a visible PN. We provide an overview of our binary population synthesis calculations of the PN formation rates from common envelope (CE) interactions, CE mergers with substellar companions, tidally synchronized systems that avoid CE, gravitationally focused winds, and double degenerate systems. The predicted number of Galactic PN with radii < 0.9 pc shaped and created by a binary companion is 8,100±2,300 which is (71±20)% of the observationally-estimated total. We demonstrate that the observed close central star of PN binary fraction of 15–20% is consistent with our overall binary fraction, considering we predict two binary populations with period distributions centred at log P(days) ~0 and 4. Finally, we discuss the impact of binarity on the PN luminosity function, central star mass distribution, chemical abundances, morphologies, etc., and why these distributions predicted in the binary scenario are close to observations while the single star paradigm produces distributions which are measurably discrepant.
Observing compact disks inside pre-PNe with the VLTI
Authors: Bright Stacey N. , De Marco Orsola , Chesneau Olivier , Lagadec Eric , Van Winckel Hans , Hrivnak Bruce J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAGB stars appear to lose mass spherically, but many PNe resulting from the AGB mass-loss have non-spherical morphologies. Compact disks have been found in some bipolar PNe, but their role in the shaping process remains unknown. Compact Keplerian disks are found to be common around post-AGB binaries, however, these objects may never develop into PNe. Another group of post-AGB stars, known as pre-PNe, are surrounded by collimated nebulae shining by reflected light or shock ionisation. We are observing the inner circumstellar regions of pre-PNe at high angular resolutions with the VLTI. We seek to compare pre-PNe disks to those around other post-AGB stars and PNe. New observations of the pre-PN, IRAS 16279-4757, show evidence for a disk similar to those seen in young PNe.
Heavy elements in planetary nebulae: A theorist's gold mine
Authors: Karakas Amanda I. , Lugaro Maria 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObservations of planetary nebulae have revealed a wealth of information about the composition of heavy elements synthesized by the slow neutron capture process (the s process). In some of these nebulae the abundances of neutron-capture elements are enriched by factors of 10 to 30 times the solar value, indicating that these elements were produced in the progenitor star while it was on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). In this proceedings we summarize results of our recent full s-process network predictions covering a wide range of progenitor masses and metallicities. We compare our model predictions to observations and show how this can provide important insights into nucleosynthesis processes occurring deep within AGB stars.
Report on the Tenerife Workshop on Uncertainties in Atomic Data and How They Propagate in Chemical Abundances
Authors: Luridiana Valentina , García-Rojas Jorge 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn 2010, we organised a workshop in Tenerife with the aim of bringing together scientists concerned with the completeness and accuracy of atomic data for astrophysical applications. Participants included atomic physicists, theoretical astrophysicists and astronomers, and the workshop covered topics such as the evaluation of uncertainties in atomic data, the propagation of such uncertainties in chemical abundances, and the feedback between observations and calculations. Communication issues were also discussed, including questions such as: How can it be ensured that atomic data are correctly understood and used? Which forum is the best one for a fluid interaction between all communities involved in the production and use of atomic data? This contribution lays out the main issues raised during the workshop and some of the solutions proposed.
When shape matters: Correcting the ICFs to derive the chemical abundances of bipolar and elliptical PNe
Authors: Gonçalves Denise R. , Wesson Roger , Morisset Cristophe , Barlow Michael , Ercolano Barbara 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe extraction of chemical abundances of ionised nebulae from a limited spectral range is usually hampered by the lack of emission lines corresponding to certain ionic stages. So far, the missing emission lines have been accounted for by the ionisation correction factors (ICFs), constructed under simplistic assumptions like spherical geometry by using 1-D photoionisation modelling.In this contribution we discuss the results (Gonçalves et al. 2011, in prep.) of our ongoing project to find a new set of ICFs to determine total abundances of N, O, Ne, Ar, and S, with optical spectra, in the case of non-spherical PNe. These results are based on a grid of 3-D photoionisation modelling of round, elliptical and bipolar shaped PNe, spanning the typical PN luminosities, effective temperatures and densities.We show that the additional corrections to the widely used Kingsburgh & Barlow (1994) ICFs are always higher for bipolars than for ellipticals. Moreover, these additional corrections are, for bipolars, up to: 17% for oxygen, 33% for nitrogen, 40% for neon, 28% for argon and 50% for sulphur. Finally, on top of the fact that corrections change greatly with shape, they vary also greatly with the central star temperature, while the luminosity is a less important parameter.
Molecular processes from the AGB to the PN stage
Authors: García-Hernández D. Anibal 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMany complex organic molecules and inorganic solid-state compounds have been observed in the circumstellar shell of stars (both C-rich and O-rich) in the transition phase between Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars and Planetary Nebulae (PNe). This short (~102-104 years) phase of stellar evolution represents a wonderful laboratory for astrochemistry and provides severe constraints on any model of gas-phase and solid-state chemistry. One of the major challenges of present day astrophysics and astrochemistry is to understand the formation pathways of these complex organic molecules and inorganic solid-state compounds (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, fullerenes, and graphene in the case of a C-rich chemistry and oxides and crystalline silicates in O-rich environments) in space. In this review, I present an observational review of the molecular processes in the late stages of stellar evolution with a special emphasis on the first detections of fullerenes and graphene in PNe.
Shape, structure, and morphology in planetary nebulae
Authors: Shaw Richard A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA revival over the past two decades in planetary nebula (PN) morphological studies springs from a combination of factors, including the advent of wide-area, high dynamic range detectors; the growing archives of high resolution images from the X-ray to the sub-mm; and the advent of sophisticated models of the co-evolution of PNe and their central stars. Yet the story of PN formation from their immediate precursors, the AGB stars, is not yet fully written. PN morphology continues to inspire, provide context for physical interpretation, and serve as an ultimate standard of comparison for many investigations in this area of astrophysics. After a brief review of the remarkable successes of PN morphology, I summarize how this tool has been employed over the last half-decade to advance our understanding of PNe.