bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of combined teaching method of case-based-learning and clinical pathway in practical gynecological teaching
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Che Xuan , Tang Xuedong , Xu Zhengfen 
Published: July 2024

Background
To train highly qualified medical talent in 5-year programs and improve students’ analytical and problem-solving abilities, it is necessary to change the traditional teaching method. This study introduces the combined teaching method of case-based learning (CBL) and clinical pathway and evaluates its role in practical gynecological teaching.

Methods
Medical students in a 5-year program who were enrolled in the fourth year were selected as the research subjects; these students were randomized into two groups that separately received either the traditional teaching method or the combined teaching method of CBL and clinical pathway. Before the internship, a questionnaire was administered to explore students’ views of internship in gynecology, and after the internship, the questionnaire was administered to assess the two teaching methods. Furthermore, theoretical and skill tests were performed both before and after the internship.

Results
A total of 206 medical students in a 5-year program who were in their fourth year were enrolled in the study. Students in the experimental group performed significantly better than those in the control group. They performed significantly better in the postinternship test than in the preinternship test (P < 0.001). The questionnaire showed that more students in the experimental group thought that their learning interests, clinical skills, case analysis ability, clinical communication ability, understanding of theoretical knowledge and clinical thinking ability had improved and significantly differed between the two groups (P < 0.05).

Discussion
Compared to traditional teaching methods, combined teaching method of CBL and clinical pathway can elevate students’ academic performance, improve their learning enthusiasm and help promote clinical teachers’ teaching quality. Additionally, this novel method is effective in facilitating the achievement of teaching objectives and improving the quality of talent training. Therefore, the combined teaching method of CBL and clinical pathway should be popularized and applied in gynecological practice.
Thermo Structural Analysis of Biomass Combustion Steam Generation Heat Exchangers Using Three Dimensional Numerical Modelling
Authors: Kuttin Kannie Winston , Duodu Enock A. , Mensah Augustine , Muhammed Naziru 
Published: July 2024

Biomass with all its positive characteristics contains some elements and compounds that react negatively with stainless which are known for its usage in high temperature, corrosive prone and, hash environment. Therefore, it is pertinent to comparatively study the strength of various corrosive resistance metals to be able to have an alternative to stainless steel. The purpose of this study is to model and simulate a three-dimensional steam generating boiler plant heat exchanger for a biomass firing process. In the study, inlet temperature and operating temperature of shell and tube sides are taken as input parameters with a square pitch bundle arrangement. The heat transfer analysis is done by considering hot flue gas inside the tubes and steam on shell side to determine the thermal stress, strain and deformation distributions in the tubes and shell of the heat exchanger. The study also presented time-history analysis of the both shell and tubes to ascertain the material reactions within the specified time range. The comparison of deformations and the equivalent strain rate between the two designs indicated an excellent performance of the AL6XN over the 306L stainless steel. The strain amplitude for PMX110 and WKX110 sequentially dropped from 903 to 496 and 621 to 332 between the temperature range of 100 – 10000C respectively. The maximal equivalent strain values for the shells and tubes were 2.238e-003 and 1.294e-004 for PMX110 and 1.490e-003 and 3.212e-004 for WKX110 respectively. The highest deformation in both PMX110 and WKX110 were estimated as 6.729e-004 and 6.131e-004 for the shells and 1.441e-004 and 1.328e-004 for tubes respectively.
Chemical Synthesis of Dinucleotide Cap Analogs
Authors: Kore Anilkumar R. , Shanmugasundaram Muthian 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis unit describes a reliable, efficient and general method for the synthesis of standard cap analog (mCAP), m7G[5′]ppp[5′]G, and anti–reverse cap analog (ARCA), m7,3′

O
G[5′]ppp[5′]G. The synthesis of required intermediate m7GDP or m2
7,3′O
GDP has been achieved through regioselective methylation of the corresponding diphosphate using dimethyl sulfate under aqueous conditions. Then, the coupling reaction of m7GDP or m2
7,3′O
GDP with ImGMP using ZnCl2/DMF system affords the corresponding cap analog in good yields. Curr. Protoc. Nucleic Acid Chem. 55:13.13.1‐13.13.12. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Establishment of Gastrointestinal Epithelial Organoids
Authors: Mahe Maxime M. , Aihara Eitaro , Schumacher Michael A. , Zavros Yana , Montrose Marshall H. , Helmrath Michael A. , Sato Toshiro , Shroyer Noah F. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe intestinal epithelium constitutes a system of constant and rapid renewal triggered by proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), and is an ideal system for studying cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Primary cell cultures have proven to be promising for unraveling the mechanisms involved in epithelium homeostasis. In 2009, Sato et al. established a long‐term primary culture to generate epithelial organoids (enteroids) with crypt‐ and villus‐like epithelial domains representing the complete census of progenitors and differentiated cells. Similarly, isolated ISCs expressing Lgr5 (leucine‐rich repeat‐containing G protein–coupled receptor) can generate enteroids. Here, we describe methods to establish gastric, small intestinal, and colonic epithelial organoids and generate Lgr5+ve single cell–derived epithelial organoids. We also describe the imaging techniques used to characterize those organoids. This in vitro model constitutes a powerful tool for studying stem cell biology and intestinal epithelial cell physiology throughout the digestive tract. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 3:217‐240 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Interstitial deletion 14q22.3‐q23.2: Genotype–phenotype correlation
Authors: Martínez‐Frías María Luisa , Ocejo‐Vinyals Javier Gonzalo , Arteaga Rosa , Martínez‐Fernández María Luisa , MacDonald Alexandra , Pérez‐Belmonte Elena , Bermejo‐Sánchez Eva , Martínez Salvador 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe increasing use of molecular tools in genetic diagnosis has produced a surge in the detection of genomic imbalances. Among the growing number of newly discovered chromosome alterations are the interstitial deletions 14q21‐q23. In previous reports of this deletion, the patients appear to share ocular defects, pituitary alterations and hand/foot anomalies. Here, we present a 12‐year‐old girl with dysmorphic face, choanal atresia, gastroesophageal reflux, and moderate developmental delay, in whom an interstitial deletion 14q22.3‐q23.2 was detected using a 180k array comparative genome hybridization. The 6.5 Mb deletion contains 27 genes, including three genes of the SIX family: SIX1, SIX4, and SIX6. In mammals, Six1 has been shown to be involved in ocular differentiation, whereas Six4 and Six6 are primarily expressed in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and facial bones. We used data on mouse embryos to evaluate the expression of the SIX genes, as well as other representative genes lost in the current patient and a previously published case with a similar phenotype, in order to correlate their pattern of expression with the functional anomalies that constitute the patient's phenotype. We also explored the possibility of other genetic influences, such as the existence of an imprinted region in chromosome 14q, which may provide a better understanding of the observed clinical variability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Donor copolymer with benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene and quinoxaline derivative segments for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Gao Zhi , Qu Bo , Wu Haimei , Gao Chao , Yang Hongsheng , Zhang Lipei , Xiao Lixin , Chen Zhijian , Gong Qihuang 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA donor copolymer Poly{2,6‐4,8‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2‐b:3,4‐b′]dithiophene‐5,8‐2,3‐bis(5‐octylthiophen‐2‐yl)quinoxaline} (PBDTThQx) with benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene and quinoxaline derivatives was synthesized and characterized with NMR, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses, and cyclic voltammetry. Photovoltaic devices with the configuration indium tin oxide–poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrene sulfonate)–PBDTThQx–[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM)–LiF–Al were fabricated, in which PBDTThQx performed as the electron donor and PC61BM was the electron acceptor in the active layer. The device presented reasonable photovoltaic properties when the weight ratio of PBDTThQx:PC61BM reached 1:3. The open‐circuit voltage, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency were gauged to be 0.75 V, 0.59, and 0.74%, respectively. The experimental data implied that PBDTThQx would be a promising donor candidate in the application of polymer solar cells. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40279.
Highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence determination of etamsylate using a low‐cost electrochemical flow‐through cell based on a tris(2, 2'‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)–Nafion‐modified carbon paste electrode
Authors: Rao Haiying , Zhang Jing , Li Jianguo 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTA simple and sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method for the determination of etamsylate has been developed by coupling an electrochemical flow‐through cell with a tris(2,2'‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+)–Nafion‐modified carbon electrode. It is based on the oxidized Ru(bpy)32+ on the electrode surface reacting with etamsylate and producing an excellent ECL signal. Under optimized experimental conditions, the proposed method allows the measurement of etamsylate over the range of 8–1000 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.9997 (n = 7) and a limit of detection of 1.57 ng/mL (3σ), the relative standard deviation (RSD) for 1000 ng/mL etamsylate (n = 7) is 0.96%. The immobilized Ru(bpy)32+ carbon paste electrode shows good electrochemical and photochemical stability. This method is rapid, simple, sensitive and has good reproducibility. It has been successfully applied to the determination of the studied etamsylate in pharmaceutical preparations with satisfactory results. The possible ECL reaction mechanism has also been discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
S‐Fms signalobody enhances myeloid cell growth and migration
Authors: Kawahara Masahiro , Hitomi Azusa , Nagamune Teruyuki 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSince receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control various cell fates in many types of cells, mimicry of RTK functions is promising for artificial control of cell fates. We have previously developed single‐chain Fv (scFv)/receptor chimeras named signalobodies that can mimic receptor signaling in response to a specific antigen. While the RTK‐based signalobodies enabled us to control cell growth and migration, further extension of applicability in another cell type would underlie the impact of the RTK‐based signalobodies. In this study, we applied the scFv‐c‐Fms (S‐Fms) signalobody in a murine myeloid progenitor cell line, FDC‐P1. S‐Fms transduced a fluorescein‐conjugated BSA (BSA‐FL)‐dependent growth signal and activated downstream signaling molecules including MEK, ERK, Akt, and STAT3, which are major constituents of Ras/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. In addition, S‐Fms transduced a migration signal as demonstrated by the transwell‐based migration assay. Direct real‐time observation of the cells further confirmed that FDC/S‐Fms cells underwent directional cell migration toward a positive gradient of BSA‐FL. These results demonstrated the utility of the S‐Fms signalobody for controlling growth and migration of myeloid cells. Further extension of our approach includes economical large‐scale production of practically relevant blood cells as well as artificial control of cell migration for tissue regeneration and immune response.
Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Cypress: Effect of Water Amount on Structural Characteristics of the Solid Residue
Authors: Liu Hua‐Min , Li Ming‐Fei 
Published: December 2013

AbstractHydrothermal liquefaction of cypress was performed in an autoclave with various amounts of water. The obtained acid‐soluble and acid‐insoluble solid residues were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, sugar analysis, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance to help understand the reaction mechanisms of this process. The characteristics of solid residues were significantly affected by the water amount. Cellulose was more stable at high water amount and hemicelluloses were much more reactive than cellulose. Comparison of nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of milled wood lignin and milled solid residues indicated a significant cleavage of the side chains. The components of milled solid residues were mainly derived from decomposition and repolymerization of lignin. The decomposition of the side chains was substantial for lignin depolymerization during hydrothermal liquefaction.
Are Firms that Contribute to Sustainable Development Better Financially?
Authors: Marti Carmen Pilar , Rovira‐Val M. Rosa , Drescher Lisa G. J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study is to analyze the effect exerted by corporate social strategies on (short‐term and long‐term) corporate financial performance (CFP). To this end, we use data on firms listed in the Stoxx Europe 600 index and Stoxx Europe Sustainability index from 2007 to 2010. On the sample data, we implement random and fixed effects panel data methodology corrected by heteroskedasticity, serial correlation, and/or cross‐sectional dependence. The results obtained show that the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy, the level of economic development of the country and firm size determine CFP. In addition, the investment in research and development influences the return on assets while the company's financial slack affects the Tobin's Q. So, companies that contribute to sustainable development incur higher CFP. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The Relationship between Women Directors and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Setó‐Pamies Dolors 
Published: December 2013

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) is increasingly becoming a strategic issue that has to be dealt with by top management. The aim of the present study is to analyse the role that women directors can play as driving forces behind the development of CSR in organisations, and contribute to sustainable development. Despite the fact that gender diversity is acquiring considerable importance, most research has focused on analysing how it affects financial performance. In this study, we analyse the implications that gender diversity has on CSR. To do so, we have carried out an empirical study of a sample of firms from a variety of countries and sectors to determine whether those firms with a higher percentage of women on the board of directors are more socially responsible. The results support the hypothesis that gender diversity has a positive influence on CSR. Female talent can play a strategic role in enabling firms to manage their social responsibility and sustainable practices appropriately. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Fast turbo codes with space‐time block codes in fast fading channels
Authors: Deep K. Ujwal , Bhaskar Vidhyacharan 
Published: December 2013

SummaryIn this paper, space‐time block coding has been used in conjunction with Turbo codes to provide good diversity and coding gains. A new method of dividing turbo encoder and decoder into several parallel encoding and decoding blocks is considered. These blocks work simultaneously and yield a faster coding scheme in comparison to classical Turbo codes. The system concatenates fast Turbo coding as an outer code with Alamouti's G2 space‐time block coding scheme as an inner code, achieving benefits associated with both techniques including acceptable diversity and coding gain as well as short coding delay. In this paper, fast fading Rayleigh and Rician channels are considered for discussion. For Rayleigh fading channels, a fixed frame size and channel memory length of 5000 and 10, respectively, the coding gain is 7.5 dB and bit error rate (BER) of 10−4 is achieved at 7 dB. For the same frame size and channel memory length, Rician fading channel yields the same BER at about 4.5 dB. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ma‐Pi 2 macrobiotic diet and type 2 diabetes mellitus: pooled analysis of short‐term intervention studies
Authors: Porrata‐Maury C. , Hernández‐Triana M. , Ruiz‐Álvarez V. , Díaz‐Sánchez M. E. , Fallucca F. , Bin W. , Baba‐Abubakari B. , Pianesi M. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryThe macrobiotic, Ma‐Pi 2 diet (12% protein, 18% fat and 70% carbohydrate), has shown benefit in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This pooled analysis aims to confirm results from four, 21‐day intervention studies with the Ma‐Pi 2 diet, carried out in Cuba, China, Ghana and Italy. Baseline and end of study biochemical, body composition and blood pressure data, were compared using multivariate statistical methods and assessment of the Cohen effect size (d). Results showed that all measured indicators demonstrated significant changes (p < 0.001); most of them with a very high (d ≥ 1.30), or high (d = 0.80–1.29) effect size. The global effect size of the diet was Italy (1.96), China (1.79), Cuba (1.38) and Ghana (0.98). The magnitude of the individual effect on each variable by country, and the global effect by country, was independent of the sample size (p > 0.05). Similarly, glycemia and glycemic profiles in all four studies were independent of the sample size (p = 0.237). The Ma‐Pi diet 2 significantly reduced glycemia, serum lipids, uremia and cardiovascular risk in adults with T2DM. These results suggest that the Ma‐Pi 2 diet could be a valid alternative treatment for patients with T2DM and point to the need for further clinical studies. Mechanisms related to its benefits as a functional diet are discussed. © 2013 The Authors. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Co‐morbidities in patients with heart failure: an analysis of the European Heart Failure Pilot Survey
Authors: van Deursen Vincent M. , Urso Renato , Laroche Cecile , Damman Kevin , Dahlström Ulf , Tavazzi Luigi , Maggioni Aldo P. , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: December 2013

AimsCo‐morbidities frequently accompany heart failure (HF), contributing to increased morbidity and mortality, and an impairment of quality of life. We assessed the prevalence, determinants, regional variation, and prognostic implications of co‐morbidities in patients with chronic HF in Europe.Methods and resultsA total of 3226 European outpatients with chronic HF were included in this analysis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Heart Failure Pilot Survey. The following co‐morbidities were considered: diabetes, hyper‐ and hypothyroidism, stroke, COPD, sleep apnoea, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and anaemia. Prognostic implications of co‐morbidities were evaluated using population attributable risks (PARs), and patients were divided into geographic regions. Clinical endpoints were all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization. The majority of patients (74%) had a least one co‐morbidity, the most prevalent being CKD (41%), anaemia (29%), and diabetes (29%). Co‐morbidities were independently associated with higher age (P < 0.001), higher NYHA functional class (P < 0.001), ischaemic aetiology of HF (P < 0.001), higher heart rate (P = 0.011), history of hypertension (P < 0.001), and AF (P < 0.001). Only diabetes, CKD, and anaemia were independently associated with a higher risk of mortality and/or HF hospitalization. There were marked regional differences in prevalence and prognostic implications of co‐morbidities. Prognostic implications of co‐morbidities (PARs) were: CKD = 41%, anaemia = 37%, diabetes = 14%, COPD = 10%, and <10% for all other co‐morbidities.ConclusionIn this pilot survey, co‐morbidities are prevalent in patients with chronic HF and are related to the severity of the disease. The presence of diabetes, CKD, and anaemia was independently related to increased mortality and HF hospitalization, with the highest PAR for CKD and anaemia.
Particle velocity and concentration profiles in bedload experiments on a steep slope
Authors: Frey Philippe 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTDepth profiles of particle streamwise velocity, concentration and bedload sediment transport rate were measured in a turbulent and supercritical water flow. One‐size 6 mm diameter spherical glass beads were transported at equilibrium in a two‐dimensional 10% steep channel with a mobile bed. Flows were filmed from the side by a high‐speed camera. Particle tracking algorithms made it possible to determine the position, velocity and trajectory of a very large number of particles. Approximately half of the sediment transport rate was composed by rolling grains, and the other half by saltation. This revealed a complex structure, with several concentration and flux peaks due to rolling, and one peak due to saltation. With an increase of the sediment transport rate, the depth structure remained the same at the water/granular interface, with peak value increases but with no shift in elevations. The saltation region expanded towards higher elevations with an increase of the particle velocity commensurate to the water velocity. The proportion of the sediment transport rate in saltation did not vary significantly. The particle streamwise velocity profiles exhibited three segments: an exponential decay in the bed, a linear increase where rolling and saltation co‐existed, and above this, a logarithmic‐like shape due to saltating particles. These results are comparable to profiles measured and modelled in dry granular free surface flows and in more intense bedload such as sheet flows. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hierarchical Shrinkage in Time‐Varying Parameter Models
Authors: Belmonte Miguel A.G. , Koop Gary , Korobilis Dimitris 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we forecast EU area inflation with many predictors using time‐varying parameter models. The facts that time‐varying parameter models are parameter rich and the time span of our data is relatively short motivate a desire for shrinkage. In constant coefficient regression models, the Bayesian Lasso is gaining increasing popularity as an effective tool for achieving such shrinkage. In this paper, we develop econometric methods for using the Bayesian Lasso with time‐varying parameter models. Our approach allows for the coefficient on each predictor to be: (i) time varying; (ii) constant over time; or (iii) shrunk to zero. The econometric methodology decides automatically to which category each coefficient belongs. Our empirical results indicate the benefits of such an approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
US Inflation Expectations and Heterogeneous Loss Functions, 1968–2010
Authors: Clements Michael P. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTRecent literature has suggested that macroeconomic forecasters may have asymmetric loss functions, and that there may be heterogeneity across forecasters in the degree to which they weigh under‐ and over‐predictions. Using an individual‐level analysis that exploits the Survey of Professional Forecasters respondents’ histogram forecasts, we find little evidence of asymmetric loss for the inflation forecasters. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.