bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penerokaan Amalan Pengajaran Terbaik dalam Meningkatkan Kemahiran Menulis Bahasa Arab: Satu Kajian Perspektif Guru Bahasa Arab di Daerah Temerloh Pahang
Authors: Hussain Yasmin , Abdul Ghani Mohammad Taufiq 
Published: June 2024

Abstrak: Kemahiran menulis bahasa Arab merupakan aspek penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa dalam kalangan pelajar. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka amalan pengajaran terbaik yang dapat meningkatkan kemahiran menulis bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar di daerah Temerloh, Pahang. Fokus utama adalah pada perspektif guru bahasa Arab yang berperanan penting dalam memberikan panduan dan sokongan kepada pelajar. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif yang melibatkan seramai 10 orang guru bahasa Arab di Sekolah Menengah Agama (SMA) di daerah Temerloh, Pahang sebagai peserta kajian. Peserta kajian dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik persampelan bertujuan. Protokol temu bual separa berstruktur digunakan sebagai instrumen utama kajian ini bagi mengumpul data. Seterusnya, data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara tematik dengan menggunakan perisian ATLAS.ti. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa aktiviti pembelajaran abad ke-21 (PAK21), bimbingan proses dan penilaian bermakna merupakan amalan pengajaran terbaik yang dilaksanakan oleh guru bahasa Arab dalam usaha meningkatkan kemahiran menulis bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar.

Abstract: The proficiency in Arabic writing skills is a crucial aspect of language learning among students. This study aims to explore the best teaching practices that can improve Arabic writing skills among students at Temerloh district, Pahang. The primary focus is on the perspectives of Arabic language teachers who play a vital role in providing guidance and support to students. This qualitative study involves 10 Arabic language teachers from Islamic Secondary Schools (Sekolah Menengah Agama) at Temerloh district, Pahang, as participants. The participants were purposively selected using a targeted sampling technique. A semi-structured interview protocol was employed as the main instrument to collect data. Subsequently, the obtained data were thematically analyzed using the ATLAS.ti software. The findings indicate that 21st-century learning, meaningful guidance processes, and assessment practices are significant teaching practices implemented by Arabic language teachers in enhancing Arabic writing skills among students.
Uma breve discussão sobre a homoafetividade em obras da Literatura Brasileira
Authors: Santos de Assis Lucas , Monteiro de Melo Neto Moisés 
Published: June 2024

Perseguidos arduamente, pessoas homoafetivas suprimiam e ainda suprimem seus desejos. Atualmente, a comunidade LGBTQIA+ conseguiu alguns direitos de cidadania, mas ainda há o medo do retrocesso e, constantemente, sofre com os atentados de grupos preconceituosos. Este artigo apresenta uma breve discussão sobre algumas obras da Literatura Brasileira que discutem a temática da homoafetividade. O trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho qualitativo, iniciando-se com um apanhado histórico da homoafetividade no Brasil, da colônia até os dias atuais; partindo para uma discussão sobre os conceitos homoafetividade e/ou homoerotismo, que discorre sobre como a relação entre pessoas do mesmo sexo é mais uma manifestação do desejo humano; Em seguida, são debatidas e analisadas algumas obras brasileiras tematizadas pela homoafetividade.
Palavras-chave: Homoafetividade. Homoerotismo. LGBTQIA+. Literatura brasileira.
Microfísica da morte
Authors: Vasconcellos Monteiro Rosa Carlos Frederico , Regueira Monteiro Rosa Jurema 
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os pormenores do ato de matar no Brasil, descrevendo a microfísica da morte no país. Para isso, foram observados, com base em dados e informações secundárias, comportamentos que findam em homicídios, bem como aspectos culturais e religiosos que se relacionam com a violência. Manchetes dos principais jornais das cinco regiões do país destacam a insignificância da vida, expondo a banalidade com que é tratada a morte no Brasil. Por fim, fizemos uma comparação entre as mortes provenientes da criminalidade com aquelas cometidas por pessoas até então sem envolvimento com o mundo do crime, e vimos que estas são responsáveis pela maioria dos assassinatos no país. Logo, concluímos que um dos principais fatores que colocam o Brasil no topo do ranking dos países mais violentos do mundo é o grau de civilidade da população e a ausência de alteridade nas relações humanas.
Palavras-chave: Microfísica. Morte. Insignificância da vida. Civilidade. Violência.
Um episódio na praia
Authors: Oliveira Luciano 
Published: June 2024

Partindo de um episódio ocorrido na praia com ele próprio, em que o autor confundiu um patrão (negro) com o seu empregado (branco), o artigo discute, numa primeira parte, a pertinência de considerar como atos de racismo equívocos desse tipo, devidos não a um menosprezo em relação aos negros, mas ao fenômeno conhecido como “discriminação estatística”. Numa segunda parte, discute a pertinência de se considerar como falas racistas o uso de termos e expressões que, seja na sua etimologia, seja na sua semântica (como é o caso do verbo “esclarecer” e seus derivados), nada permitem considerar que tenham origem em práticas racistas ou cujo uso indique um preconceito de cor.
Palavras-chave: Racismo. Discriminação estatística. Falas racistas.
Nota Editorial
Authors: Sobreira de Moura Alexandrina 
Published: June 2024

Escrever sem fazer concessão ao fácil e se expressar com clareza é cultivar a essência do pensamento e a originalidade dos temas. Autores conferem estilos pessoais e inconfundíveis à visão de mundo que abrange debates filosóficos, literatura política, papel das mulheres empreendedoras do Afeganistão, ensaios sobre racismo e a cultura brasileira, que estimula a criminalidade. Essa amplitude tem sido, há 51 anos, a marca da Revista Ciência e Trópico, um dos periódicos mais antigos da América Latina. Em diversos matizes, autores, ao longo do tempo, ratificam o pensamento de Manuel Bandeira, de que não querem mais saber do lirismo que não é libertação.
Com a reflexão suscitada pela leitura dos artigos, reafirma-se que a questão da vocação do escritor, como menciona o mineiro Murilo Mendes, está ligada ao mistério da própria vida e da criação. A literatura, pois, demonstra um modo de exteriorizar a revolta diante do convencionalismo e do farisaísmo do ambiente social que nos cerca.
Peningkatan Penggunaan Aplikasi Primary Care Pada Unit Rekam Medis Dan Informasi Kesehatan Puskesmas Jalan Gedang
Authors: Ramadani Niska , Heltiani Nofri 
Published: June 2024

Aplikasi Primary Care merupakan sebuah sistem informasi yang dirancang dan dikembangkan untuk melayani pasien pengguna fasilitas kesehatan (faskes) tingkat pertama. Sistem ini memberikan kemudahan untuk mengakses data ke server BPJS baik itu proses pendaftaran, penegakan diagnosa, terapi, hingga pelayanan laboratorium. Puskesmas Jalan Gedang sudah menggunakan aplikasi Primary-Care, namun penggunaan aplikasi Primary-Care belum digunakan secara maksimal seperti aplikasi primary care hanya digunakan untuk menginput data identitas sosial pasien, dan data rujukan sedangkan untuk data pemeriksaan dan pengkodingan diagnosa hanya ditulis pada berkas rekam medis, hal ini dikarenakan komputer yang bisa digunakan untuk pengolahan data hanya ada satu unit komputer. Sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama untuk memverifikasi data kunjungan pasien serta proses pengklaiman setiap bulan. Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penyuluhan tentang manfaat penggunaan aplikasi primary care di Puskesmas Jalan Gedang. Penerapan aplikasi primary-care sangat bermanfaat dalam menunjang pelayanan yang diberikan kepada pasien, serta terlaksananya pelaporan kepada BPJS secara terintegrasi dari setiap bagian diinstitusi pelayanan dasar sampai institusi pelayanan kesehatan rujukan. Dengan menggunakan aplikasi Primary Care dapat membuat pekerjaan menjadi lebih mudah, efisien, lebih cepat, praktis, efektif dalam memberikan pelayanan serta dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kinerja petugas, sedangkan dalam pelayanan keuntungan yang dapat kita peroleh dengan menggunakan aplikasi Primary-Care adalah alur pendaftaran pasien yang lebih praktis, data pasien yang terintegrasi, proses diagnose pasien lebih cepat, proses rujukan pasien lebih mudah.
Transcatheter Arterial Chemo Infusion (TACI) for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: A Case Report
Authors: Poedjomartono Bagaswoto , Bangun Alan Anderson , Frinces Freshilla Sonia , Indrarto Erwin Yudhistira Yasanusaraharja , Faiz Ahmad 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Cancers of the lip and oral cavity, with the tongue being the most common site, accounted for more than 377,700 cases and more than 177,700 deaths worldwide in 2020. Ninety percent of these oral neoplasms are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). The main treatments for oral cancers are surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, either combined or as stand-alone therapies. Transcatheter Arterial Chemo Infusion (TACI) is considered the definitive treatment for locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, aiming to preserve function after surgery while maintaining or improving locoregional control and survival rates. This case report presents the qualitative result of TACI on SCC of the tongue. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the potency of TACI as an alternative palliative therapy for SCC of the tongue. Case Presentation: A 37-year-old man with SCC of the tongue was diagnosed and treated at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta in 2021. The patient underwent TACI procedure and subsequent radiotherapy sessions subsequently. The therapeutic response was evaluated by observing the clinical morphology of the lesions. Conclusions: TACI is a minimally invasive technique used in the management of SCC. TACI has shown its potency as an efficient and effective alternative palliative therapy.
Factors influencing late antenatal care of Muslim pregnant women: A predictive correlational study in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Fajarina Mira , Terathongkum Sangthong , Lininger Jiraporn 
Published: June 2024

Background: Late antenatal care (ANC) has significant implications for maternal and infant morbidity and mortality among Muslim pregnant women in Indonesia. Existing literature has primarily focused on gestational weeks at the first ANC contact, with limited attention to the total number of ANC visits.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors predicting late antenatal care contact among Muslim pregnant women, including the gestational weeks of the first ANC contact and the total number of ANC visits in Aceh, Indonesia.
Methods: A predictive correlational study design was utilized. Eighty postpartum women who received late ANC were purposively sampled and included in the study. Data were collected in May 2023 using ANC knowledge, beliefs, and social support questionnaires. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank correlation, Chi-Square tests, and binary logistic regression with the enter method.
Results: Pregnant women residing farther from home to ANC services were more likely to have their first ANC contact after 20 weeks than those with a shorter distance (AOR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02-1.10; p = 0.007). Additionally, women with a history of multiple abortions were more inclined to have four or more ANC visits compared to those with fewer abortions (AOR = 6.78; 95% CI: 1.64-28.09; p = 0.008).
Conclusion: Distance from home to healthcare services emerged as a significant barrier to ANC contact, while a history of abortion appeared to motivate pregnant women to seek ANC more frequently. To address these issues effectively, nurses should consider implementing telemedicine services for ANC provision, integrating information on pregnancy complications to better support pregnant women in their care journey.
Simulation of FES on the forearm with muscle-specific activation resolution
Authors: Baier Johanna , Selkmann Sascha , Bender Beate 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionFunctional electrical stimulation (FES) is an established method of supporting neurological rehabilitation. However, particularly on the forearm, it still cannot elicit selective muscle activations that form the basis of complex hand movements. Current research approaches in the context of selective muscle activation often attempt to enable targeted stimulation by increasing the number of electrodes and combining them in electrode arrays. In order to determine the best stimulation positions and settings, manual or semi-automated algorithms are used. This approach is limited due to experimental limitations. The supportive use of simulation studies is well-established, but existing simulation models are not suitable for analyses of selective muscle activation due to missing or arbitrarily arranged innervation zones.MethodsThis study introduces a new modeling method to design a person-specific digital twin that enables the prediction of muscle activations during FES on the forearm. The designed individual model consists of three parts: an anatomically based 3D volume conductor, a muscle-specific nerve fiber arrangement in various regions of interest (ROIs), and a standard nerve model. All processes were embedded in scripts or macros to enable automated changes to the model and the simulation setup.ResultsThe experimental evaluation of simulated strength–duration diagrams showed good coincidence. The relative differences of the simulated amplitudes to the mean amplitude of the four experiments were in the same range as the inter-experimental differences, with mean values between 0.005 and 0.045. Based on these results, muscle-specific activation thresholds were determined and integrated into the simulation process. With this modification, simulated force-intensity curves showed good agreement with additionally measured curves.DiscussionThe results show that the model is suitable for simulating realistic muscle-specific activations. Since complex hand movements are physiologically composed of individual, selective muscle activations, it can be assumed that the model is also suitable for simulating these movements. Therefore, this study presents a new and very promising approach for developing new applications and products in the context of the rehabilitation of sensorimotor disorders.
High-throughput drug screening to investigate blood-brain barrier permeability in vitro with a focus on breast cancer chemotherapeutic agents
Authors: Curtaz Carolin J. , Wucherpfennig Sophia , Al-Masnaea Emad , Herbert Saskia-Laureen , Wöckel Achim , Meybohm Patrick , Burek Malgorzata 
Published: June 2024

Therapy of cerebral diseases such as brain metastatic breast cancer is still challenging. Due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a tight barrier that protects the brain and prevents the passage of many drugs, therapeutically sufficient drug concentrations in the brain are often not achieved. Therefore, methods and drugs to manipulate the BBB permeability are required. Here we used high-throughput screening (HTS) to identify chemicals that may increase BBB permeability. Human BBB in vitro model derived from hematopoietic CD34+ stem cells (differentiated to brain-like endothelial cells, BLECs) was used. BLECs were seeded on 96-well plates coated with biotinylated gelatin, treated with respective chemicals for 24 h followed by addition of FITC-avidin for permeability estimation. Selected substances were further tested in vitro on BLECs. Cell viability, gene and protein expression were measured using CellTiter-Glo®, qPCR and Western blot, respectively. From 1,278 compounds, we identified 175 substances that cause at least a 50 percent increase in BBB permeability. Two substances from the substance classes used in breast cancer therapy, GW2974 (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (ANI) (PARP inhibitor), were analyzed in more detail. ANI was nontoxic to BLECs, while GW2974 decreased or increased viability depending on the concentration used. Both compounds significantly increased BBB permeability and altered protein and mRNA expression in BLECs. Influencing the BBB permeability in patients with brain metastases could increase the response rate to systemic therapy. Using HTS, we were able to accurately and quickly identify compounds that increase BBB permeability and show that using this type of screening method can be applied to endothelial paracellular permeability testing.
Evaluation of field epidemiology training programs: a scoping review
Authors: Al Nsour Mohannad , Khasawneh Ghena , Khader Yousef , Bashier Haitham 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesField Epidemiology Training Programs (FETPs) are competency-based training programs that play a critical role in strengthening global health security and enhancing the epidemiological capabilities of public health professionals. This scoping review examined available published literature on the evaluations of FETPs globally.MethodsA literature review was conducted to evaluate FETPs globally. Keywords specific to the evaluation of FETPs were utilized to search the PubMed, Scopus, and Web Science databases. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 relevant studies from an initial pool of 60 were included in this study. Data extraction included key details, and a qualitative synthesis organized diverse findings using a narrative approach to draw appropriate conclusions and generate recommendations.ResultsThe review covered findings from 12 studies covering all three FETP modalities and spanning countries in various regions. Evaluations explored gained skills, engagement in FETP activities, and improvements in field epidemiological functions. Gained skills and knowledge, engagement in FETP activities, and improvements in field epidemiological functions were evident, with specific expectations for each FETP tier. Positive outcomes were consistent across studies, revealing improvements in surveillance activities, outbreak response, data management, and other system functions.ConclusionThis review confirmed the positive impact of FETPs on trainees and graduates, which emphasized competency enhancements across different modalities. Various strategies are recommended to improve the evaluation of FETPs. For effective evaluation, it is necessary to develop robust evaluation tools and establish standardized metrics to compare FETPs across regions or countries.
Investigation of the efficacy and safety of wild- type and triple-gene knockout pig RBC transfusions in nonhuman primates
Authors: Roh Juhye , Hwang Jeong Ho , Park Sangkeun , Lee Haneulnari , Park Eun Mi , Lee Hye Won , Lee Ju Young , Shim Joohyun , Choi Kimyung , Kang Hee Jung 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionDecreasing rates of blood donation and close margins between blood supply and demand pose challenges in healthcare. Genetically engineered pig red blood cells (pRBCs) have been explored as alternatives to human RBCs for transfusion, and triple-gene knockout (TKO) modification improves the compatibility of pRBCs with human blood in vitro. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and risks of transfusing wild-type (WT)- and TKO-pRBCs into nonhuman primates (NHPs).MethodsBlood from O-type WT and TKO pigs was processed to produce pRBCs for transfusion, which were transfused or not into NHPs (n=4 per group: WT, TKO, and control) after 25% total blood volume withdrawal: their biological responses were compared. Hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters were measured before, immediately after, and at intervals following transfusion. Two months later, a second transfusion was performed in three NHPs of the transfusion group.ResultsTransfusion of both WT- and TKO-pRBCs significantly improved RBC counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin levels up to the first day post-transfusion, compared to the controls. The transfusion groups showed instant complement activation and rapid elicitation of anti-pig antibodies, as well as elevated liver enzyme and bilirubin levels post-transfusion. Despite the higher agglutination titers with WT-pRBCs in the pre-transfusion crossmatch, the differences between the WT and TKO groups were not remarkable except for less impairment of liver function in the TKO group. After the second transfusion, more pronounced adverse responses without any hematological gain were observed.ConclusionsWT- and TKO-pRBC transfusions effectively increased hematologic parameters on the first day, with rapid clearance from circulation thereafter. However, pRBC transfusion triggers strong antibody responses, limiting the benefits of the pRBC transfusion and increasing the risk of adverse reactions.
Showcasing the Saudi e-referral system experience: the epidemiology and pattern of referrals utilising nationwide secondary data
Authors: Aljerian Nawfal A. , Alharbi Abdullah A. , AlOmar Reem S. , Binhotan Meshary S. , Alghamdi Hani A. , Arafat Mohammed S. , Aldhabib Abdulrahman , Alabdulaali Mohammed K. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionReferrals are an integral part of any healthcare system. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) an electronic referral (e-referral) system known as the Saudi Medical Appointments and Referrals Centre (SMARC) began formally functioning in 2019. This study aims to showcase the Saudi experience of the e-referral system and explore the epidemiology of referrals nationally.MethodsThis retrospective descriptive study utilised secondary collected data between 2020 and 2021 from the SMARC system. Cross tabulations with significance testing and colour-coded maps were used to highlight the patterns across all regions.ResultsThe study analysed over 600,000 referral requests. The mean age of patients was 40.70 ± 24.66 years. Males had a higher number of referrals (55.43%). Referrals in 2021 were higher than those in 2020 (56.21%). Both the Autumn and Winter seasons had the highest number of referrals (27.09% and 27.43%, respectively). The Surgical specialty followed by Medicine had the highest referrals (26.07% and 22.27%, respectively). Life-saving referrals in the Central region were more than double those in other regions (14.56%). Emergency referrals were also highest in the Southern regions (44.06%). The Central and Eastern regions had higher referrals due to unavailable sub-speciality (68.86% and 67.93%, respectively). The Southern regions had higher referrals due to both unavailable machine and unavailable beds (18.44% and 6.24%, respectively).ConclusionThis study shows a unique system in which referrals are between secondary, tertiary, and specialised care. It also highlights areas of improvement for equitable resource allocation and specialised care in slightly problematic areas as well as the use of population density in future planning.