bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidencia de los tributos por comercio exterior en las finanzas de Ecuador periodo 2019-2023
Authors: Granja-Chiriboga Miguel , Gallegos-Vargas Mayra , Carrión-Aguilar Rodrigo , Hablich-Sanchez Felix 
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar el impacto que generan los ingresos provenientes de tributos por importación en las finanzas del Ecuador, en los años 2019-2023; las variables que se analizan permiten determinar el nivel de ingresos tributarios que el país destina al financiamiento del Presupuesto General del Estado, provenientes de impuestos que se aplican a las importaciones. Las variables que se analizan, son: en calidad de variable dependiente, al Presupuesto General del Estado; en calidad de variable independiente a los tributos por importación; la muestra seleccionada permite evaluar el nivel de dependencia que mantienen las finanzas del estado por apalancamiento de los ingresos proveniente de las actividades comerciales de importación; considerando: al impuesto al valor agregado (IVA), impuesto a la salida de divisas (ISD) y al impuesto a los consumos especiales (ICE), los indicadores que componen las variable independiente generan cambios en le presupuesto. El método que se utiliza permite desarrollar el esquema para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto; mediante la investigación documental y descriptiva, debido a que comprende un proceso basado en la búsqueda de información para la comparación de datos establecidos, las fuentes de información que se escogen para el análisis de la investigación son, las estadísticas publicadas por el Servicio de Rentas Internas (SRI) el Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas del Ecuador, otras fuentes de información proporcionada por investigadores que realizaron análisis paralelos. La investigación tiene un alcance descriptivo, porque permite determinar cómo contribuye el comercio exterior en el apalancamiento de las finanzas del estado. Explica que el incremento de la recaudación tributaria por impuestos, aplicados a las importaciones es el reflejo de un crecimiento de las importaciones en el periodo de análisis.
Possible role of QRS duration in the right ventricle as a perioperative monitoring parameter for right ventricular function: a prospective cohort analysis in robotic mitral valve surgery
Authors: Watanabe Ryota , Hori Kotaro , Ishihara Keisuke , Tsujikawa Shogo , Hino Hideki , Matsuura Tadashi , Takahashi Yosuke , Shibata Toshihiko , Mori Takashi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe clinical importance of the right ventricle (RV) has recently been recognized; however, assessing its function during cardiac surgery remains challenging owing to its complex anatomy. A temporary transvenous pacing catheter is a useful tool in the small surgical field of minimally invasive cardiac surgery, and an electrocardiogram recorded through the catheter is composed of the direct electrophysiological activity of the RV. Therefore, we hypothesized that QRS duration in the RV (QRSRV) could be a useful monitoring parameter for perioperative RV function.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort analysis involving adult patients undergoing robotic mitral valve repair. A bipolar pacing catheter was inserted using x-ray fluoroscopy, and the QRSRV duration was assessed at four time points: preoperative baseline, during one-lung ventilation, after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, and before the end of surgery. At the same time points, right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC) measured by transesophageal echocardiography and QRS duration at V5 lead of the body surface electrocardiogram (QRSV5) were also evaluated.ResultsIn the 94 patients analyzed, QRSRV duration was significantly prolonged during robotic mitral valve repair (p = 0.0009), whereas no significant intraoperative changes in RVFAC were observed (p = 0.2). By contrast, QRSV5 duration was significantly shortened during surgery (p &lt; 0.00001). Multilinear regression showed a significant correlation of QRSRV duration with RVFAC (p = 0.00006), but not with central venous pressure (p = 0.9), or left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.3). When patients were divided into two groups by postoperative QRSRV &gt; 100 or ≤100 ms, 25 patients (26.6%) exhibited the prolonged QRSRV duration, and the mean increase in the postoperative QRSRV from preoperative baseline was 12 ms (p = 0.001), which was only 0.6 ms in patients with QRSRV ≤ 100 ms (p = 0.6). Cox regression analysis showed that prolonged postoperative QRSRV duration was the only significant parameter associated with a longer ICU stay after surgery (p = 0.02; hazard ratio, 0.55).ConclusionOur data suggest that QRSRV duration is a useful parameter for monitoring the RV during cardiac surgery, possibly better than a commonly used echocardiographic parameter, RVFAC. An electrophysiological assessment by QRSRV duration could be a practical tool for the complex anatomy of the RV, especially with limited modalities in perioperative settings.
Association of remnant cholesterol with renal function and its progression in patients with type 2 diabetes related chronic kidney disease
Authors: Li Qiuhong , Wang Tongdan , Shao Xian , Fan Xiaoguang , Lin Yao , Cui Zhuang , Liu Hongyan , Zhou Saijun , Yu Pei 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe association of Remnant cholesterol (RC) with renal function and its progression in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) related chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear.Methods8,678 patients with T2DM-related CKD were included in cross-sectional analysis, and 6,165 patients were enrolled in longitudinal analysis and followed up for a median of 36.0 months. The outcomes were renal composite endpoint event and rapid progression of renal function.Results24.54% developed a renal composite endpoint event, and 27.64% rapid progression of renal function. RC levels above 0.56 mmol/L independently increased the risk of both renal composite endpoint (HR, 1.17; 95% CIs, 1.03-1.33) and rapid progression of renal function (OR, 1.17; 95% CIs, 1.01- 1.37). TG levels above 1.65 mmol/L only increased the risk of renal composite endpoint (HR, 1.16; 95% CIs, 1.02 -1.32). TC levels above 5.21 mmol/L increased the risk of renal composite endpoint (HR, 1.14; 95% CIs, 1.01-1.29) only in patients with proteinuria≥0.5g/d. Conversely, HDL-C levels below 1.20 mmol/L or above 1.84 mmol/L increased the risk of rapid progression of renal function (OR, 0.88; 95% CIs, 0.70 -0.99) in patients with proteinuria&lt;0.5g/d (all P&lt;0.05).ConclusionIn patients with T2DM-related CKD, RC was an independent risk factor for progression of renal function, and maintaining it below 0.56 mmol/L could reduce the risk of renal function progression.
Rise in fasting and dynamic glucagon levels in children and adolescents with obesity is moderate in subjects with impaired fasting glucose but accentuated in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes
Authors: Pixner Thomas , Chaikouskaya Tatsiana , Lauth Wanda , Zimmermann Georg , Mörwald Katharina , Lischka Julia , Furthner Dieter , Awender Elisabeth , Geiersberger Sabine , Maruszczak Katharina , Forslund Anders , Anderwald Christian-Heinz , Cadamuro Janne , Weghuber Daniel , Bergsten Peter 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundFasting levels of glucagon are known to be elevated in youth and adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Children and adolescents with obesity were previously reported to show increasing fasting and post-glucose-challenge hyperglucagonemia across the spectrum of glucose tolerance, while no data are available in those with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).Materials and methodsIndividuals from the Beta-JUDO study population (Uppsala and Salzburg 2010–2016) (n=101, age 13.3 ± 2.8, m/f =50/51) were included (90 with overweight or obesity, 11 with normal weight). Standardized OGTT were performed and plasma glucose, glucagon and insulin concentrations assessed at baseline, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Patients were grouped according to their glycemic state in six groups with normal glucose metabolism (NGM) and normal weight (NG-NW), NGM with obesity or overweight (NG-O), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), IGT+IFG and T2D, and in two groups with NGM and impaired glucose metabolism (IGM), for statistical analysis.Results and conclusionGlucagon concentrations were elevated in young normoglycemic individuals with overweight or obesity (NG-O) compared to normoglycemic individuals with normal weight. Glucagon levels, fasting and dynamic, increased with progressing glycemic deterioration, except in IFG, where levels were comparable to those in NG-O. All glycemic groups showed an overall suppression of glucagon during OGTT. An initial increase of glucagon could be observed in T2D. In T2D, glucagon showed a strong direct linear correlation with plasma glucose levels during OGTT. Glucagon in adolescents, as in adults, may play a role in the disease progression of T2D.
Relationship of weight-adjusted waist index and developmental disabilities in children 6 to 17 years of age: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Xueying , Zhou Qi 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe development of multiple system diseases is increased by obesity. However, the connection between obesity and developmental disabilities (DDs) in children is unclear. As an obesity index, the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) assessed fat distribution and muscle mass. In this study, we examined the correlation between WWI and DDs among children 6 to 17 years of age.MethodsThis study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (NHANES) covering 2003 to 2018, which included the data of 17,899 participants between 6 and 17 years of age. Data regarding their waist circumference, weight, and DDs were collected via physical examinations and questionnaire, respectively. A person’s WWI is calculated by dividing their waist circumference by their weight squared. The correlation between WWI and DDs was studied using weighted multiple logistic regression models. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted utilizing a generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting.ResultsAfter adjusting for all covariates, WWI was positively related to DDs in children ages 6-17. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the correlation between the WWI and prevalence of DDs remained consistent across subgroups. Additionally, there was a J-shaped correlation between the WWI and the prevalence of DDs in children ages 6 through 11.ConclusionChildren 6–17 years of age with a high WWI were at greater risk for DDs; however, the causal relationships and potential mechanisms require further exploration.
Modelling and optimization of operating parameters for improved steam energy production in the food and beverage industry in a developing country
Authors: Olusanya Olamide O. , Onokwai Anthony O. , Anyaegbuna Benjamin E. , Iweriolor Sunday , Omoniyi Ezekiel B. 
Published: July 2024

Efficient steam energy production was essential for reducing energy consumption and operational costs while enhancing productivity, particularly in industrial settings prone to explosions due to boiler parameter control issues. This challenge was especially acute in the food and beverage industry amid rising energy costs and stricter environmental regulations, highlighting the importance of optimizing steam energy production. This study focused on refining operational parameters in a steam production plant to maximize steam energy output. It utilized mathematical models and optimization tools to identify ideal operational conditions and investigate extreme scenarios. Design-Expert version 13.0 statistical software and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) via Centre Composite Design (CCD) were employed to create a comprehensive design matrix encompassing key variables like time, pressure levels, temperature, mass flow rate, and steam energy production across three experimental levels. The research revealed that increased pressure and time significantly boosted steam energy production by leveraging water’s energy content rise under initial conditions, thus improving efficiency by reducing required water mass circulation. Moreover, elevated temperature and extended operation enhanced economizer efficiency, leading to increased heat recovery and reduced steam generation. Steam generation also increased with temperature and time due to the pressure rise during boiling, necessitating more energy for steam conversion. An optimum yield of steam energy of 620 Cal was attained at a time, pressure, temperature, and mass flow rate of 1 h, 16.97 MPa, 249.5°C, and 59.85 kg/s, respectively. The mathematical model developed is accurate, reliable, responsive, and can replicate the experimental data due to the high F-value (24.48), low CV (0.94) low p-value (&lt; 0.005), and high R2 (0.9821) value close to 1. This research promises to enhance the efficiency of steam energy production in the food and beverage industry by reducing the need for resource-intensive experimental procedures, thus lowering costs and resource consumption.
The comparison of the Bayesian method with the classical methods in modeling crown width for Prince Rupprecht larch in northern China
Authors: Hong Liang , Wang Mengxi , Feng Linyan , Duan Guangshuang , Fu Liyong , Wang Xiyue 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionCrown width (CW) is a significant variable of tree growth, but measuring crown width is laborious and time-consuming. Diameter at breast height (D) is a commonly used growth variable in crown width prediction. Here, a CW-D model was developed to estimate the crown width of larch.MethodsThe data of 1,515 larch trees were collected in Guandi mountain, the northern China. We chose linear function, quadratic function, and other form of base functions to develop the CW models, and we introduced non-linear least squares techniques (NLS), non-linear mixed-effect (NLME), and Bayesian method in modeling process. Because the data was from different plot, we added a plot level random effect in NLME method to predict the effect from environment. For equally comparing the Bayesian method with the NLME, we also added the plot level random effect to the Bayesian MCMC procedure. We selected Akaike's information criterion and logarithm likelihood to evaluate NLS and NLME models, and chose deviance information criterion and stationary test to test Bayesian method. These methods had another three same indicators (the determination coefficient, root mean square error, and mean absolute deviation) in model evaluation.Results and discussionHeteroskedasticity wasn't occurred in this study. The model I.2 (quadratic formula) showed a best fitting effect in each method, and Bayesian method with random effect was slightly superior than other methods. Therefore, the selected final model was quadratic function by Bayesian method with plot level random effect, this combination had the highest prediction accuracy in the larch trees' crown width estimation of Guandi mountain.
Mechanistic analysis of the hardening process of the thorns on stems of Bougainvillea glabra “Elizabeth Angus”
Authors: Sun Lina , Wang Huaxin , Li Jinhua , Gong Jianying , Yang Shuting , Yang Kaitai , Chen Er , Li Bing , Lu Zhixiang , Chen Qi , Lin Mao 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:Bougainvillea glabra “Elizabeth Angus“ is a thorny woody vine or shrub. However, the hard thorns are considered a deficiency in its ornamental value.Methods: To find the genes and pathways related to the hardening process of the thorns on the stems of B. glabra, the eukaryotic unreferenced transcriptome sequencing analysis was conducted to explore the 3 stages of the thorn-hardening process. Total RNA was extracted from thorns and stems, and transcriptome libraries were constructed and sequenced using unreferenced Illumina sequencing.Results: Gene function annotation was performed using various databases, resulting in 8937 co-annotated genes. The density distribution of Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads (FPKM) depicted the overall gene expression patterns. The study found that stage 2 as the period of highest gene expression activity during the thorns hardening process in B. glabra. Differential expression analysis revealed that during thorn-hardening, 1045 genes up-regulated and 391 genes down-regulated significantly in thorns at stage 2 compared to stage 1 (early stage of thorns formation). Meanwhile, 938 genes up-regulated and 784 genes down-regulated significantly in stems. At stage 3, as thorns became harder, 63 genes exhibited notable expression increase and 98 genes’ expression decreased obviously within thorns, and 46 genes up-regulated and 29 genes down-regulated in stems, compared to stage 2. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was the key step in the hardening process of the thorns of B. glabra. The formation and hardening of thorns on the stem of B. glabra was a process in which lignin gradually accumulated in the thorns, and several genes were involved in this process. They include PAL (EC:4.3.1.24), CYP73A (EC:1.14.14.91), 4CL (EC:6.2.1.12), CCR (EC:1.2.1.44), CAD (EC:1.1.1.195) and POX (EC:1.11.1.7).Discussion: This transcriptome analysis offers insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying thorns development in this plant species.
Unraveling chromosomal and genotoxic damage in individuals occupationally exposed to coal from underground mining
Authors: Buitrago-Rodríguez María Yolanda , Rangel Nelson , Vega-Valderrama Juan D. , Pulido-Medellín Martín , Rondón-Lagos Milena 
Published: July 2024

PurposeCoal mining is a vital sector in Colombia, contributing significantly to the nation’s economy and the development of its regions. However, despite its importance, it has led to a gradual decline in the health of mine workers and nearby residents. While the adverse health effects of open-pit coal mining on exposed individuals have been well-documented in Colombia and globally, studies investigating genetic damage in underground coal miners are lacking.MethodsThe aim of our study was to evaluate chromosomal and genotoxic damage, in peripheral blood samples from a group of underground coal miners and residents of areas exposed to coal, in the town of Samacá, Boyacá-Colombia, and in a group of unexposed individuals by using banding and molecular cytogenetic techniques, as well as cytokinesis block micronucleus assays.ResultsOur results suggest that occupational exposure to coal induces chromosomal and genotoxic damage in somatic cells of underground coal miners. Chromosomal and genotoxic damage is an important step in carcinogenesis and the development of many other diseases. Our findings provide valuable insights into the effects of coal dust exposure on chromosomal integrity and genetic stability.ConclusionOur pilot study suggests that occupational exposure to coal induces chromosomal damage in underground coal miners, highlighting the importance of validating these findings with a larger sample size. Our results highlight the need to implement prevention and protection measures, as well as educational programs for underground coal miners. Characterizing and estimating exposure risks are extremely important for the safety of people exposed occupationally and environmentally to coal and its derivatives.
Level of client satisfaction among family planning service users in semi-pastoralist areas of Southeast Ethiopia: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Eshetu Hana , Tesfaye Dawit Jember , Fantahun Selam , Birhanu Bezawit , Deffecho Daniel Dere , Teshager Shitalem Tadesse , Meka Beka Teressa , Gufue Zenawi Hagos 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundClient satisfaction with family planning services is a crucial metric for gauging healthcare providers' performance. There is a dearth of local data that explores the factors that influence clients' satisfaction with family planning services in semi-pastoral areas using a mixed-methods approach. This study aimed to assess the level of client satisfaction and its associated factors among family planning service users in six public health centers in Southeast Ethiopia.MethodsA multi-centered, concurrent, mixed-method survey using quantitative and qualitative methods was conducted in six public health centers in Southeast Ethiopia from March 15 to April 16, 2022. Four hundred nineteen systematically selected family planning method users and their respective six family planning service providers were approached using a purposive sampling technique. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify the independent factors associated with clients' satisfaction with family planning services.ResultsFour hundred fourteen study participants were finally approached, and client satisfaction with family planning services in those centers was 57.5% with a 95% CI of 52.71%–62.71%. Being in the age group of 25–34 years (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.2, 3.29), married (AOR = 2.41; 95% CI 1.13, 5.15), waiting less than 30 min (AOR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.11, 2.72), and receiving the family planning method they want (AOR = 2.35; 95% CI 1.16, 4.76) were positively associated with client satisfaction. Updating the provider's skills and knowledge, keeping clients' method choices, and leaving free decisions also increased client satisfaction.ConclusionsIn this study, client satisfaction with family planning services remains low. Users' age, marital status, waiting time, and wish to receive the method they want were positively associated with client satisfaction.