bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping Surface‐Defect and Ions Migration in Mixed‐Cation Perovskite Crystals
Authors: Nughays Razan O. , Almasabi Khulud , Nematulloev Sarvarkhodzha , Wang Lijie , Bian Tieyuan , Nadinov Issatay , Irziqat Bahaaeddin , Harrison George T , Fatayer Shadi , Yin Jun , Bakr Osman M. , Mohammed Omar F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSingle crystal perovskites have garnered significant attention as potential replacements for existing absorber layer materials. Despite the extensive investigations on their photoinduced charge‐carriers dynamics, most of the time‐resolved techniques focus on bulk properties, neglecting surface characteristic which plays a crucial role for their optoelectronic performance. Herein, 4D ultrafast scanning electron microscopy (4D‐USEM) is utilized to probing the photogenerated carrier transport at the first few nanometers, alongside density functional theory (DFT) to track both defect centers and ions migration. Two compositions of mixed cation are investigated: FA0.6MA0.4PbI3 and FA0.4MA0.6PbI3, interestingly, the former displays a longer lifetime compared to the latter due the presence of a higher surface‐defect centers. DFT calculations fully support that revealing samples with higher FA content have a lower energy barrier for iodide ions to migrate from the bulk to top layer, assisting in passivating surface vacancies, and a higher energy diffusion barrier to escape from surface to vacuum, resulting in fewer vacancies and longer‐lived hole–electron pairs. These findings manifest the influence of cation selection on charge carrier transport and formation of defects, and emphasize the importance of understanding ion migrations role in controlling surface vacancies to assist engineering high‐performance optoelectronic devices based on single crystal perovskites.
Super‐Enhancer Driven LIF/LIFR‐STAT3‐SOX2 Regulatory Feedback Loop Promotes Cancer Stemness in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Jin , Wang Yuhan , Wang Ziyu , Wei Yuxiang , Diao Pengfei , Wu Yaping , Wang Dongmiao , Jiang Hongbing , Wang Yanling , Cheng Jie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSuper‐enhancers (SEs) have been recognized as key epigenetic regulators underlying cancer stemness and malignant traits by aberrant transcriptional control and promising therapeutic targets against human cancers. However, the SE landscape and their roles during head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) development especially in cancer stem cells (CSCs) maintenance remain underexplored yet. Here, we identify leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)‐SE as a representative oncogenic SE to activate LIF transcription in HNSCC. LIF secreted from cancer cells and cancer‐associated fibroblasts promotes cancer stemness by driving SOX2 transcription in an autocrine/paracrine manner, respectively. Mechanistically, enhancer elements E1, 2, 4 within LIF‐SE recruit SOX2/SMAD3/BRD4/EP300 to facilitate LIF transcription; LIF activates downstream LIFR‐STAT3 signaling to drive SOX2 transcription, thus forming a previously unknown regulatory feedback loop (LIF‐SE‐LIF/LIFR‐STAT3‐SOX2) to maintain LIF overexpression and CSCs stemness. Clinically, increased LIF abundance in clinical samples correlate with malignant clinicopathological features and patient prognosis; higher LIF concentrations in presurgical plasma dramatically diminish following cancer eradication. Therapeutically, pharmacological targeting LIF‐SE‐LIF/LIFR‐STAT3 significantly impairs tumor growth and reduces CSC subpopulations in xenograft and PDX models. Our findings reveal a hitherto uncharacterized LIF‐SE‐mediated auto‐regulatory loop in regulating HNSCC stemness and highlight LIF as a novel noninvasive biomarker and potential therapeutic target for HNSCC.
Syneresis‐Driven Self‐Refilling Printing of Geometry/Component‐Controlled Nano/Microstructures
Authors: Shiba Kota , Saito Kayoko , Minami Kosuke , Arai Shunto , Yoshikawa Genki , Sun Luyi , Tenjimbayashi Mizuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNano/microfabrication is of fundamental importance both in scientific and industrial situations. There are, therefore, many attempts at realizing easier, quicker, and more precise fabrication of various structures; however, achieving this aim without a bulky and costly setup is still challenging. Here, we introduce a facile and versatile means of printing an ordered structure consisting of nanoscale stripes and more complicated geometries including pillars and wavy form with a lateral resolution of single micrometers. To this end, we prepare a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) slab with an oxygen plasma‐induced wrinkled surface where liquid PDMS exudes by syneresis. Since this liquid PDMS is automatically loaded, the printing is repeatable without inking. A substrate moderately wettable to the liquid PDMS as well as amount/property‐controlled syneresis is primarily important for the creation of well‐defined structures. Precisely controlling these conditions will make this method universally applicable to diverse substrates and liquids including suspensions.
Myeloid Cells and Sensory Nerves Mediate Peritendinous Adhesion Formation via Prostaglandin E2
Authors: Zhang Xinshu , Xiao Yao , Tao Zaijin , Zhang Yizhe , Cheng Xuan , Liu Xuanzhe , Li Yanhao , Yin Weiguang , Tian Jian , Wang Shuo , Zhang Tianyi , Yang Xiao , Liu Shen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPeritendinous adhesion that forms after tendon injury substantially limits daily life. The pathology of adhesion involves inflammation and the associated proliferation. However, the current studies on this condition are lacking, previous studies reveal that cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX2) gene inhibitors have anti‐adhesion effects through reducing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the proliferation of fibroblasts, are contrary to the failure in anti‐adhesion through deletion of EP4 (prostaglandin E receptor 4) gene in fibroblasts in mice of another study. In this study, single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis of human and mouse specimens are combined with eight types of conditional knockout mice and further reveal that deletion of COX2 in myeloid cells and deletion of EP4 gene in sensory nerves decrease adhesion and impair the biomechanical properties of repaired tendons. Furthermore, the COX2 inhibitor parecoxib reduces PGE2 but impairs the biomechanical properties of repaired tendons. Interestingly, PGE2 local treatment improves the biomechanical properties of the repaired tendons. These findings clarify the complex role of PGE2 in peritendinous adhesion formation (PAF) and tendon repair.
A Novel Antigen Design Strategy to Isolate Single‐Domain Antibodies that Target Human Nav1.7 and Reduce Pain in Animal Models
Authors: Martina Marzia , Banderali Umberto , Yogi Alvaro , Arbabi Ghahroudi Mehdi , Liu Hong , Sulea Traian , Durocher Yves , Hussack Greg , van Faassen Henk , Chakravarty Balu , Liu Qing Yan , Iqbal Umar , Ling Binbing , Lessard Etienne , Sheff Joey , Robotham Anna , Callaghan Debbie , Moreno Maria , Comas Tanya , Ly Dao , Stanimirovic Danica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGenetic studies have identified the voltage‐gated sodium channel 1.7 (Nav1.7) as pain target. Due to the ineffectiveness of small molecules and monoclonal antibodies as therapeutics for pain, single‐domain antibodies (VHHs) are developed against the human Nav1.7 (hNav1.7) using a novel antigen presentation strategy. A 70 amino‐acid peptide from the hNav1.7 protein is identified as a target antigen. A recombinant version of this peptide is grafted into the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) loop of an inert VHH in order to maintain the native 3D conformation of the peptide. This antigen is used to isolate one VHH able to i) bind hNav1.7, ii) slow the deactivation of hNav1.7, iii) reduce the ability of eliciting action potentials in nociceptors, and iv) reverse hyperalgesia in in vivo rat and mouse models. This VHH exhibits the potential to be developed as a therapeutic capable of suppressing pain. This novel antigen presentation strategy can be applied to develop biologics against other difficult targets such as ion channels, transporters and GPCRs.
Spin‐Flip‐Restricted Multiple‐Resonance Emitters for Extended Device Lifetime in Indolocarbazole‐Based Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kang Jihoon , Lee Ha Lim , Jeon Soon Ok , Bae Hye Jin , Kim Seung Chan , Han Seungwon , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, a multiple‐resonance (MR) core structure is developed with a spin‐flip‐restricted emission mechanism based on a fused indolo[3,2,1‐jk]carbazole (ICz) framework as emitters to improve the lifetime of blue organic light‐emitting diodes. The molecular skeleton modulation approach applied to the conjugated π‐system effectively stabilizes the triplet energy of the fused ICz emitters and narrows the full‐width‐at‐half maximum (<20 nm). In addition, the emitters exhibit higher exciton stability than conventional boron‐based MR emitters. The fused ICz‐based blue fluorescent device exhibits a high external quantum efficiency of 7.2%, a blue index of 68.6 cd A−1 at a Commission internationale de l'éclairage y coordinate (CIEy) of 0.075, and a device lifetime 1.8 times longer than that of a boron‐based emitter. In addition, a phosphor‐sensitized fluorescent device based on the ICz emitter exhibited an improved external quantum efficiency of 20.6% with a CIEy coordinate of 0.076.
A Spatiotemporally Controlled Gene‐Regulation Strategy for Combined Tumor Therapy Based on Upconversion Hybrid Nanosystem
Authors: Wang Fang , Liu Zechao , Liu Yuechen , Zhang Jiayi , Xu Weizhe , Liu Bei , Sun Zhaogang , Chu Hongqian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe lack of precise spatiotemporal gene modulation and therapy impedes progress in medical applications. Herein, a 980 nm near‐infrared (NIR) light‐controlled nanoplatform, namely URMT, is developed, which can allow spatiotemporally controlled photodynamic therapy and trigger the enzyme‐activated gene expression regulation in tumors. URMT is constructed by engineering an enzyme‐activatable antisense oligonucleotide, which combined with an upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)‐based photodynamic nanosystem, followed by the surface functionalization of triphenylphosphine (TPP), a mitochondria‐targeting ligand. URMT allows for the 980 nm NIR light‐activated generation of reactive oxygen species, which can induce the translocation of a DNA repair enzyme (namely apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, APE1) from the nucleus to mitochondria. APE1 can recognize the basic apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in DNA double‐strands and perform cleavage, thereby releasing the functional single‐strands for gene regulation. Overall, an augmented antitumor effect is observed due to NIR light‐controlled mitochondrial damage and enzyme‐activated gene regulation. Altogether, the approach reported in this study offers high spatiotemporal precision and shows the potential to achieve precise and specific gene regulation for targeted tumor treatment.
Unraveling Nanomaterials in Biomimetic Mineralization of Dental Hard Tissue: Focusing on Advantages, Mechanisms, and Prospects
Authors: Dai Danni , Li Dan , Zhang Chao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe demineralization of dental hard tissue imposes considerable health and economic burdens worldwide, but an optimal method that can repair both the chemical composition and complex structures has not been developed. The continuous development of nanotechnology has created new opportunities for the regeneration and repair of dental hard tissue. Increasingly studies have reported that nanomaterials (NMs) can induce and regulate the biomimetic mineralization of dental hard tissue, but few studies have examined how they are involved in the different stages, let alone the relevant mechanisms of action. Besides their nanoscale dimensions and excellent designability, NMs play a corresponding role in the function of the raw materials for mineralization, mineralized microenvironment, mineralization guidance, and the function of mineralized products. This review comprehensively summarizes the advantages of NMs and examines the specific mineralization mechanisms. Design strategies to promote regeneration and repair are summarized according to the application purpose of NMs in the oral cavity, and limitations and development directions in dental hard tissue remineralization are proposed. This review can provide a theoretical basis to understand the interaction between NMs and the remineralization of dental hard tissue, thereby optimizing design strategy, rational development, and clinical application of NMs in the field of remineralization.
Label‐Free Microfluidic Apheresis of Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters
Authors: Zhan Li , Edd Jon , Mishra Avanish , Toner Mehmet 
Published: August 2024

AbstractScreening liters of blood (i.e., apheresis) represents a generalized approach to promote the reliable access to circulating tumor cell clusters (CTCCs), which are known to be highly metastasis‐competent, yet ultrarare. However, no existing CTCC sorting technology has demonstrated high throughput, high yield, low shear stress, and minimal blood dilution simultaneously as required in apheresis. Here, a label‐free method is introduced termed Precision Apheresis for Non‐invasive Debulking of cell Aggregates (PANDA) to continuously isolate CTCCs from undiluted blood to clean buffer through size sorting, processing 1.4 billion cells per second. The cell focusing is optimized within whole blood leveraging secondary transverse flow and margination. The PANDA chip recovers >90% of spiked ≈24 rare HeLa cell clusters from 100 mL undiluted blood samples (equivalent to ≈500 billion blood cells) at 1 L h−1 throughput, with ≤20s device residence time, ≤15 Pa shear stress, and >99.9% return of blood components. The technology lays the groundwork for future routine isolation to increase the recovery of these ultrarare yet clinically significant tumor cell populations from large volumes of blood to advance cancer research, early detection, and treatment.
Unveiling the Influence of Linkers on Conformations of Oligomeric Acceptors for High‐Performance Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Jingnan , Sun Fengbo , Wang Xunchang , Chen Qiaonan , Franco Leandro R. , Zheng Xufan , Araujo C. Moyses , Yang Renqiang , Yu Donghong , Wang Ergang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractConformational isomerism of organic photovoltaic materials has a profound impact on their molecular packing and therefore performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, the conformations of oligomeric acceptors (OAs) are mostly predicted by simulations rather than experimental determinations. Herein, the stereochemical S‐shaped structure of two dimeric‐type acceptor molecules, V‐DYIC and V‐DYIC‐4F, is first confirmed with different end groups (IC for V‐DYIC and IC‐2F for V‐DYIC‐4F), incorporating vinylene linkage for connecting the distinct state‐of‐the‐art small molecule acceptor Y‐segments. Through the synthetic control of fluorination sites adjacent to the vinyl‐linker, S‐shaped the conformation by NMR experiments is validated. Compared to the O‐shaped dimer, S‐shaped conformation results in enhanced lamellar order and reduced nonradiative recombination losses. The optimal acceptor, V‐DYIC‐4F, achieved a champion efficiency of 18.10% with the lowest energy loss of 0.556 eV in its devices paired with PM6 due to their efficient carrier transport, and suppressed recombination compared to other devices, being attributed to the synergistic effect of conformation and end group fluorination. The insights gained in this work contribute valuable knowledge of both synthetic control and structural determination of OAs, providing strategic design guidelines for the future development of dimeric acceptors toward high‐efficiency PSCs.
miR‐30d Attenuates Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension via Targeting MTDH and PDE5A and Modulates the Beneficial Effect of Sildenafil
Authors: Liang Xuchun , Zhou Jingwen , Wang Hongyun , Zhang Ziyi , Yin Mingming , Zhu Yujiao , Li Lin , Chen Chen , Wei Meng , Hu Meiyu , Zhao Cuimei , Yao Jianhua , Li Guoping , Dinh‐Xuan Anh‐Tuan , Xiao Junjie , Bei Yihua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associated with aberrant pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell (PASMC) function and vascular remodeling. MiR‐30d plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular disorders. However, the function of miR‐30d in PAH progression remained unknown. Our study shows that circulating miR‐30d level is significantly reduced in the plasma from PAH patients. In miR‐30d transgenic (TG) rats, overexpressing miR‐30d attenuates monocrotaline (MCT)‐induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Increasing miR‐30d also inhibits platelet‐derived growth factor‐bb (PDGF‐bb)‐induced proliferation and migration of human PASMC. Metadherin (MTDH) and phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) are identified as direct target genes of miR‐30d. Meanwhile, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) acts as a positive upstream regulator of miR‐30d. Using miR‐30d knockout (KO) rats treated with sildenafil, a PDE5A inhibitor that is used in clinical PAH therapies, it is further found that suppressing miR‐30d partially attenuates the beneficial effect of sildenafil against MCT‐induced PH and vascular remodeling. The present study shows a protective effect of miR‐30d against PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling through targeting MTDH and PDE5A and reveals that miR‐30d modulates the beneficial effect of sildenafil in treating PAH. MiR‐30d should be a prospective target to treat PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Phenotypic changes in immune cells induced by granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis in patients with severe COVID‐19: An ex vivo study
Authors: Hisamune Ryo , Yamakawa Kazuma , Kayano Katsuhide , Ushio Noritaka , Wada Takeshi , Taniguchi Kohei , Takasu Akira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsSARS‐CoV‐2 causes systemic immune dysfunction, leading to severe respiratory dysfunction and multiorgan dysfunction. Granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis (GMA) therapy is designed to regulate an excessive inflammatory response and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). We aimed to investigate a targeted subset of granulocytes and monocytes to be removed after GMA therapy in patients with severe COVID‐19 infection.MethodsWe established an ex vivo experimental system to study the effects of GMA. Blood samples were collected into EDTA‐treated tubes and a mixture of blood samples and cellulose acetate beads was used in GMA. After GMA, blood samples were removed, and the granulocyte and monocyte subtypes before and after GMA were determined by CyTOF mass cytometry. To analyze mass cytometry data with a self‐organizing map, hierarchical clustering was used to determine the appropriate number of metaclusters from t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding.ResultsWe included seven patients with severe COVID‐19 and four age‐ and sex‐matched volunteers. Granulocyte subsets removed by GMA strongly expressed CD11b, CD16, and CD66b, and weakly expressed CD11c, consistent with mature and activated neutrophils. Monocyte subsets strongly expressed CD14, weakly expressed CD33 and CD45RO, and did not express CD16. These subsets were indicated to promote the release of inflammatory cytokines and activate T cells.ConclusionsThe identification of the granulocyte and monocyte subsets removed after GMA in patients with severe COVID‐19 may help explain the potential mechanism underlying the effectiveness of GMA in COVID‐19 and other inflammatory diseases.
Organic‐Inorganic Coupling Strategy: Clamp Effect to Capture Mg2+ for Aqueous Magnesium Ion Capacitor
Authors: Li Mudi , Ding Yaxi , Zhang Siwen , Liu Minghui , Li Jiazhuo , Sun Ying , Zhu Lingfeng , Li Hui , Yu Zhi Gen , Zhang Yong‐Wei , Pan Hongge , Yin Bosi , Ma Tianyi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rapid transport kinetics of divalent magnesium ions are crucial for achieving distinguished performance in aqueous magnesium‐ion battery‐based energy storage capacitors. However, the strong electrostatic interaction between Mg2+ with double charges and the host material significantly restricts Mg2+ diffusivity. In this study, a new composite material, EDA‐Mn2O3, with double‐energy storage mechanisms comprising an organic phase (ethylenediamine, EDA) and an inorganic phase (manganese sesquioxide) was successfully synthesized via an organic–inorganic coupling strategy. Inorganic‐phase Mn2O3 serves as a scaffold structure, enabling the stable and reversible intercalation/deintercalation of magnesium ions. The organic phase EDA adsorbed onto the surface of Mn2O3 as an elastic matrix, works synergistically with Mn2O3, and utilizes bidentate chelating ligands to capture Mg2+. The robust coordination effect of terminal biprotonic amine in EDA enhances the structural diversity and specific capacity characteristics of the composite material, as further corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, ex situ XRD, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. As expected, the EDA‐Mn2O3 composite achieved an outstanding specific discharge capacity of 188.97 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g. Additionally, an aqueous magnesium ion capacitor with EDA‐Mn2O3 serving as the cathode can reach 110.17 Wh/kg, which stands out among the aqueous magnesium ion capacitors that have been reported thus far. The abundant reversible redox sites are ensured by the strategic design concept based on the synergistic structure and composition advantages of organic and inorganic phases. This study aimed to explore the practical application value of organic‐inorganic composite electrodes with double‐energy storage mechanisms.
“One‐Stone, Two‐Birds”: Zinc‐Rich Metal–Organic Frameworks as Precursors for High‐Entropy Zn‐Air Battery Electrocatalysts with Hierarchical Pore Structures
Authors: Su Jianwen , Wan Yinji , Feng Long , Huang Dingding , Kai Chu Hsing , Zhang Xuan , Geng Xiaoye , Wang Yonggang , Zhong Ruiqin , Zou Ruqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe active sites of inexpensive transition metal electrocatalysts are sparse and singular, thus high‐entropy alloys composed of non‐precious metals have attracted considerable attention due to their multi‐component synergistic effects. However, the facile synthesis of high‐entropy alloy composites remains a challenge. Herein, we report a “one‐stone, two‐birds” method utilizing zinc (Zn)‐rich metal–organic frameworks as precursors, by virtue of the low boiling point of Zn (907 °C) and its high volatility in alloys, high‐entropy alloy carbon nanocomposite with a layered pore structure was ultimately synthesized. The experimental results demonstrate that the volatilization of zinc can prevent metal agglomeration and contribute to the formation of uniformly dispersed high‐entropy alloy nanoparticles at slower pyrolysis and cooling rates. Simultaneously, the volatilization of Zn plays a crucial role in creating the hierarchically porous structure. Compared to the zinc‐free HEA/NC‐1, the HEA/NC‐5 derived from the precursor containing 0.8 Zn exhibit massive micropores and mesopores. The resulting nanocomposites represent a synergistic effect between highly dispersed metal catalytic centers and hierarchical adsorption sites, thus achieving excellent electrocatalytic oxygen reduction performance with low catalyst loading compared to commercial Pt/C. This convenient zinc‐rich precursor method can be extended to the production of more high‐entropy alloys and various application fields.