bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural killer cell-activating receptor NKG2D mediates innate immune targeting of allogeneic neural progenitor cell grafts
Authors: Phillips Lori K. , Gould Elizabeth A. , Babu Harish , Krams Sheri M. , Palmer Theo D. , Martinez Olivia M. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Cell replacement therapy holds promise for a number of untreatable neurological or psychiatric diseases but the immunogenicity of cellular grafts remains controversial. Emerging stem cell and reprogramming technologies can be used to generate autologous grafts that minimize immunological concerns but autologous grafts may carry an underlying genetic vulnerability that reduces graft efficacy or survival. Healthy allogeneic grafts are an attractive and commercially scalable alternative if immunological variables can be controlled. Stem cells and immature neural progenitor cells (NPC) do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and can evade adaptive immune surveillance. Nevertheless, in an experimental murine model, allogeneic NPCs do not survive and differentiate as well as syngeneic grafts, even when traditional immunosuppressive treatments are used. In this study, we show that natural killer (NK) cells recognize the lack of self-MHC antigens on NPCs and pose a barrier to NPC transplantation. NK cells readily target both syngeneic and allogeneic NPC, and killing is modulated primarily by NK-inhibiting “self” class I MHC and NK-activating NKG2D-ligand expression. The absence of NKG2D signaling in NK cells significantly improves NPC-derived neuron survival and differentiation. These data illustrate the importance of innate immune mechanisms in graft outcome and the potential value of identifying and targeting NK cell-activating ligands that may be expressed by stem cell derived grafts.
PDGF signaling is required for primitive endoderm cell survival in the inner cell mass of the mouse blastocyst
Authors: Artus Jérôme , Kang Minjung , Cohen-Tannoudji Michel , Hadjantonakis Anna-Katerina 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
At the end of the preimplantation period, the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mouse blastocyst is composed of two distinct cell lineages, the pluripotent epiblast (EPI) and the primitive endoderm (PrE). The current model for their formation involves initial co-expression of lineage-specific markers followed by mutual-exclusive expression resulting in a salt-and-pepper distribution of lineage precursors within the ICM. Subsequent to lineage commitment, cell rearrangements and selective apoptosis are thought to be key processes driving and refining the emergence of two spatially distinct compartments. Here, we have addressed a role for Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) signaling in the regulation of programmed cell death during early mouse embryonic development. By combining genetic and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrate that embryos lacking PDGF activity exhibited caspase-dependent selective apoptosis of PrE cells. Modulating PDGF activity did not affect lineage commitment or cell sorting, suggesting that PDGF is involved in the fine-tuning of patterning information. Our results also indicate that PDGF and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) tyrosine kinase receptors exert distinct and non-overlapping functions in PrE formation. Taken together, these data uncover an early role of PDGF signaling in PrE cell survival at the time when PrE and EPI cells are segregated.
Rhodium(III), Palladium(II) and Rhenium(I) Complexes with 7‐(Diphenylphosphine)‐indole and ‐indolate
Authors: Kammerer Susanne , Neumann Bernd , Köhler Brigitte , Mayer Peter , Lorenz Ingo‐Peter 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe present the synthesis of 7‐(diphenylphosphine)‐indole 1 (HPinol) as a novel mono‐ and bidentate P‐ and N, P‐ligand and its coordination chemical behaviour towards the d6‐ and d8‐transition metals rhodium(III), palladium(II) and rhenium(I). The reaction of 1 with [Cp*RhCl2]2 in a 1:2 molar ratio leads to the formation of the P‐coordinated complex [RhCl2(P–(HPinol))] (2). In the presence of the weak base NEt3, HCl elimination occurs by forming the neutral amido‐phosphine chelated complex [RhCl(N, P–(Pinol))] (3). The same P‐ and N, P‐coordination is observed for palladium(II), where two ligands 1 coordinate to the metal centre forming the neutral complexes [PdCl2(P–HPinol)2] (4) and [Pd(N, P–Pinol)2] (5). The reaction of Re(CO)5Br in the presence of NEt3 and PPh3 delivers the amido‐phosphine complex [Re(CO)3PPh3(N, P–Pinol)] (6). All products were characterised by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, MS and IR spectra as well as elemental analysis. Furthermore, crystal structures of ligand 1 and all complexes 2–6 are presented.
Syntheses of Novel Fe/S Clusters with μ‐Aminocarbyne Ligands
Authors: Shi Yao‐Cheng , Fu Qiang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe reaction of Fe3(CO)12 with (C3H5)2NCS2K in THF at room temperature afforded a red‐brown solution. Treatment of the thus‐obtained solution with MeI and PhCH2Br afforded clusters 1, (μ‐MeS)Fe2(CO)6(μ4‐S)Fe2(CO)6(μ‐CN(C3H5)2), and 2, (μ‐PhCH2CO)Fe2(CO)6(μ4‐S)Fe2(CO)6(μ‐CN(C3H5)2). Their structures were unambiguously determined by X‐ray crystallography. Therefore, this methodology provides a novel route for the syntheses of spiro‐S Fe/S clusters with aminocarbyne ligands.
Energetic Materials Based on the 5‐Azido‐3‐nitro‐1, 2,4‐tri­azolate Anion
Authors: Izsák Dániel , Klapötke Thomas M. , Scharf Regina , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis study presents the preparation of 5‐azido‐3‐nitro‐1H‐1, 2,4‐triazole (1) in both good yield and high purity, starting from commercially available chemicals in a three step synthesis. Furthermore, several metal and nitrogen‐rich salts with sodium (3), potassium (4), cesium (5), silver (6), lead (7), ammonium (8), guanidinium (9), and aminoguanidinium (10) were prepared by simple acid‐base reactions. All compounds were well characterized by various means, including vibrational (IR, Raman) and multinuclear (1H, 13C, 14N, 15N) NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and DSC. Additionally the structure of 7 was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The sensitivities towards various outer stimuli (impact, friction, electrostatic discharge) were determined according to BAM standards. The metal salts were tested as potential primary explosives utilizing various preliminary tests.
Laparoscopy‐Assisted Hybrid Left‐Side Donor Hepatectomy
Authors: Marubashi Shigeru , Wada Hiroshi , Kawamoto Koichi , Kobayashi Shogo , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro , Mori Masaki , Nagano Hiroaki 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic liver resection developed for live liver donors has the advantage of reducing the physical and mental stress in donors. However, its safety and efficacy still remain to be established. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of laparoscopy‐assisted hybrid donor hepatectomy (LADH) to obtain left side grafts.Patients and methodsA total of 31 consecutive live liver donors of left side liver grafts underwent LADH, including left lateral segmentectomy (n = 17) and left liver resection with or without the caudate lobe (n = 14) (LADH group). We compared the clinical data between the LADH group and the group of donors in whom traditional open donor hepatectomy was performed to procure the liver graft (open donor hepatectomy [ODH] group, n = 79).ResultsLaparoscopy‐assisted hybrid donor hepatectomy was feasible in all patients, and there was no mortality over a follow‐up period of 13.9 ± 9.8 months. The operative time to procure a left‐lobe graft was significantly longer in the LADH group (510 ± 90 min) than in the ODH group (P < 0.001). A large right lobe on CT (RPv distance) was identified as a significant risk factor for prolonged operative time (P = 0.007). Evaluation using the SF36‐v2 questionnaire revealed faster recovery of the physical component summary score and bodily pain score in the LADH group than in the ODH group.ConclusionsLaparoscopy‐assisted hybrid donor hepatectomy for procuring left side grafts was safe and effective up to the left liver with the caudate lobe. Left‐lobe LADH in donors with a large right lobe should be carefully planned in view of the potential surgical difficulty.
Impacts of Refining and Antioxidants on the Physico‐Chemical Characteristics and Oxidative Stability of Watermelon Seed Oil
Authors: Wani Ali Abas , Sogi D. S. , Singh Preeti , Götz Alexander 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCompositional analyses of seeds from two cultivars (Mateera and Sugar baby) was performed to evaluate their suitability as oilseeds. Watermelon seeds and kernels contained 21.9–25.5 % and 38.9–46.9 % oil of exceptionally high quality. The crude oil was expelled with a screw press and then refined to obtain a odor free and colorless oil. The moisture content, unsaponifiable matter content, refractive index, and specific gravity were within the narrow ranges. Refining influenced the color, acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, and free fatty acid contents. Linoleic acid (C18:2) was the principal fatty acid constituting 64.5–67.2 % of the total fatty acids. Oxidative stability increased with the addition of tocopherols, butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA), and tert‐butyl hydroxyl quinine (TBHQ). The high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) along with physicochemical properties were similar to soybeans, sunflower and other common vegetable oils, suggesting the suitabilty of watermelon seed oil for industrial production.
Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their anticancer activity
Authors: Geetha Ravi , Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu , Tamilselvan Selvaraj , Govindaraju Kasivelu , Sadiq Mohamed , Singaravelu Ganesan 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAs the nano revolution unfolds, it is imperative to integrate nanoscience and medicine. The secret gleaned from nature have led to the generation of biogenic technologies for the fabrication of advanced nanomaterials. Present investigation discloses the gold nanoparticles biosynthesizing capability of the flower of pharmacologically important treeCouroupita guianensis. Rapid, cost-effective, one-step process of synthesis has been achieved. Newly genre gold nanoparticles were characterized by involving UV–vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM analysis. Interestingly, as a result of extensive screening on the application of newly synthesized gold nanoparticles their anticancer potential has been discovered using MTT assay, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis by DAPI staining, and comet assay for DNA damage.
Assessment of the Health Impacts of the 2011 Summer Floods in Brisbane
Authors: Alderman Katarzyna , Turner Lyle R. , Tong Shilu 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of the 2011 floods in Brisbane, Australia, on residents’ physical and mental health.MethodsResidents who had been affected by the floods completed a community-based survey that examined the direct impact of flooding on households and their perceived physical and mental health. Outcome variables included overall and respiratory health and mental health outcomes related to psychological distress, sleep quality, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between flooding and perceived health outcome variables, adjusted for current health status and sociodemographic factors.ResultsResidents whose households were directly affected by flooding were more likely to report poor overall (Odds Ratio [OR] 5.3; 95% CI, 2.8-10.1) and respiratory (OR 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1-4.6) health, psychological distress (OR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.5), poor sleep quality (OR 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2-4.4), and probable PTSD (OR 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2-4.5).ConclusionsThe 2011 Brisbane floods had significant impact on the physical and psychosocial health of residents. Improved support strategies may need to be integrated into existing disaster management programs to reduce flood-related health impacts, particularly those related to mental health. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;0:1–7)
Federalism and Policy Change: An Analytic Narrative of Indigenous Land Rights Policy in Australia (1966–1978)
Authors: Scholtz Christa 
Published: June 2013

Abstract. The paper argues that a direct causal role for federalism must link policy makers' actions to costs and uncertainties unique to federalism, those associated with maintaining jurisdictional autonomy. The paper develops a formal model of imperfect information between two government actors, one preferring policy change and the other the status quo. A government chooses to change policy (or not) in a context where two things are uncertain: the stomach for intergovernmental retaliation, and the jurisdictional bona fides of the government in the policy area. The model shows how policy change is endogenous to beliefs about whom courts will support during federalism review. The model is then used in a detailed analysis of Australian cabinet archives at the state and Commonwealth levels, pertaining to the issue of Indigenous land rights policy between 1966 and 1978.Résumé. Le présent document soutient qu'un rôle causal direct du fédéralisme doit lier les actions des décideurs aux coûts et aux incertitudes uniques du fédéralisme : ceux associés au maintien de l'autonomie juridictionnelle. Dans cet article, je développe un modèle formel d'information imparfaite entre deux acteurs gouvernementaux, l'un préférant un changement de politique et l'autre le statu quo. Un gouvernement choisit de changer (ou non) une politique dans un contexte où deux éléments sont incertains : la propension à entrer dans des représailles intergouvernementales, et la bonne foi juridictionnelle du gouvernement dans le domaine en question. Le modèle montre que le changement de politique est endogène avec la perception de qui les tribunaux soutiendront dans un jugement de partage des compétences. Le modèle est ensuite utilisé pour analyser en détail les archives du Cabinet australien au niveau des états et du Commonwealth, relativement à la question des droits territoriaux autochtones entre 1966 et 1978.
Phenotypes of intermediate forms of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in buffaloes from Central Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Afshan K. , Valero M.A. , Qayyum M. , Peixoto R.V. , Magraner A. , Mas-Coma S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFascioliasis is an important food-borne parasitic disease caused by the two trematode species, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. The phenotypic features of fasciolid adults and eggs infecting buffaloes inhabiting the Central Punjab area, Pakistan, have been studied to characterize fasciolid populations involved. Morphometric analyses were made with a computer image analysis system (CIAS) applied on the basis of standardized measurements. Since it is the first study of this kind undertaken in Pakistan, the results are compared to pure fasciolid populations: (a) F. hepatica from the European Mediterranean area; and (b) F. gigantica from Burkina Faso; i.e. geographical areas where both species do not co-exist. Only parasites obtained from bovines were used. The multivariate analysis showed that the characteristics, including egg morphometrics, of fasciolids from Central Punjab, Pakistan, are between F. hepatica and F. gigantica standard populations. Similarly, the morphometric measurements of fasciolid eggs from Central Punjab are also between F. hepatica and F. gigantica standard populations. These results demonstrate the existence of fasciolid intermediate forms in endemic areas in Pakistan.
Population biology and ageing of the deep water sharks Galeus melastomus, Centroselachus crepidater and Apristurus aphyodes from the Rockall Trough, north-east Atlantic
Authors: Moore D.M. , Neat F.C. , McCarthy I.D. 
Published: June 2013

This study presents new information on the population biology, growth and maturation schedules of Galeus melastomus, Centroselachus crepidater and Apristurus aphyodes sampled from the Rockall Trough, a region where deep sea fishing activity has been prevalent for the past 40 years and where shark by-catch is considerable. Both G. melastomus and C. crepidater showed significant sexual size dimorphism with females attaining a greater length and mass. The size (L50) at first maturity was estimated to be 55.6 cm total length (TL) for males and 59.7 cm TL for females in G. melastomus, 57.2 cm TL for males and 75.4 cm TL for females in C. crepidater and 49.0 cm TL for males and 56.9 cm TL for females in A. aphyodes. This represents the first TL50 analysis for Apristurus aphyodes globally. Sharks were aged using a technique which employed cobalt (II) nitrate to stain growth bands in vertebra centra. Band pairs were successfully viewed in G. melastomus and pair counts ranged from 0 to 5 in males and 2 to 7 in females. A higher asymptotic length was deduced from the von Bertalanffy growth equation for females than males (females: L∞ = 69.3 cm; males: L∞ = 60.8 cm) in G. melastomus. Staining was unsuccessful in C. crepidater and A. aphyodes and age could not be determined using this technique.
Cloning and molecular analysis of the aspartic protease Sc-ASP110 gene transcript in Steinernema carpocapsae
Authors: BALASUBRAMANIAN NATESAN , SIMÕES NELSON 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYMany protease genes have previously been shown to be involved in parasitism and in the development of Steinernema carpocapsae, including a gene predicted to encode an aspartic protease, Sc-ASP110, which was cloned and was analysed in this study. A cDNA encoding Sc-ASP110 was cloned based on an expressed sequence tag (EST) fragment from our EST library. The full-length cDNA of Sc-ASP110 consists of 1112 nucleotides with a catalytic aspartic domain (aa18–337). The putative 341 amino acid residues have a calculated molecular mass of 37·1 kDa and a theoretical pI of 4·7. BLASTp analysis of the Sc-ASP110 amino acid sequence showed 45–77% amino acid sequence identity to parasitic and non-parasitic nematode aspartic proteases. An expression analysis showed that the sc-asp110 gene was upregulated during the late parasitic stage, L4, and 24 h after induction of in vitro nematodes. A sequence comparison revealed that Sc-ASP110 was a member of an aspartic protease family; additionally, a phylogenetic analysis indicated that Sc-ASP110 was clustered with the closely related nematode Steinernema feltiae. In situ hybridization showed that sc-asp110 was expressed in the body walls of dorsal cells. The upregulated Sc-ASP110 expression revealed that this protease could play a role in the late parasitic process. In this study, we have cloned and analysed the gene transcript of Sc-ASP110 in S. carpocapsae.
Cytological, molecular and life cycle characterization of Anostracospora rigaudi n. g., n. sp. and Enterocytospora artemiae n. g., n. sp., two new microsporidian parasites infecting gut tissues of the brine shrimp Artemia
Authors: RODE NICOLAS OLIVIER , LANDES JULIE , LIEVENS EVA J. P. , FLAVEN ELODIE , SEGARD ADELINE , JABBOUR-ZAHAB ROULA , MICHALAKIS YANNIS , AGNEW PHILIP , VIVARÈS CHRISTIAN P. , LENORMAND THOMAS 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYTwo new microsporidia, Anostracospora rigaudi n. g., n. sp., and Enterocytospora artemiae n. g., n. sp. infecting the intestinal epithelium of Artemia parthenogenetica Bowen and Sterling, 1978 and Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906 in southern France are described. Molecular analyses revealed the two species belong to a clade of microsporidian parasites that preferentially infect the intestinal epithelium of insect and crustacean hosts. These parasites are morphologically distinguishable from other gut microsporidia infecting Artemia. All life cycle stages have isolated nuclei. Fixed spores measure 1·3×0·7 μm with 5–6 polar tube coils for A. rigaudi and 1·2×0·9 μm with 4 polar tube coils for E. artemiae. Transmission of both species is horizontal, most likely through the ingestion of spores released with the faeces of infected hosts. The minute size of these species, together with their intestinal localization, makes their detection and identification difficult. We developed two species-specific molecular markers allowing each type of infection to be detected within 3–6 days post-inoculation. Using these markers, we show that the prevalence of these microsporidia ranges from 20% to 75% in natural populations. Hence, this study illustrates the usefulness of molecular approaches to study prevalent, but cryptic, infections involving microsporidian parasites of gut tissues.
The Mad, Bad, or God argument explained
Authors: FRISE MATTHEW 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAccording to Stephen Davis's Mad, Bad, or God (MBG) argument, Jesus must be divine since all other leading explanations of his alleged claim to be divine can be ruled out. I criticize Davis's argument and then sketch an ‘inference to best explanation’ MBG argument. I argue that proponents and critics of MBG arguments should focus on mine since it avoids common pitfalls at no cost and it best respects (for better or worse) a massive but too easily ignored body of evidence relevant to its conclusion.
Effects of shade cocoa plantation on artificial fruit consumption by birds in two contrasting landscapes in Southern Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Bomfim Jamille de Assis , Silva Roberta Mariano , de Fernandes Souza Virgínia , de Andrade Edyla Ribeiro , Cazetta Eliana 
Published: June 2013

Abstract:To investigate the influence of forests and agroforestry systems on fruit consumption by birds, we studied two landscapes, one covered predominantly with forests and the other dominated by traditional shade cocoa plantations. In each landscape, we sampled three forest fragments and three shade cocoa plantations. We placed 15 artificial fruits in 25, 1–2-m-tall shrubs spaced every 50 m and evaluated the detection and consumption of fruits after 72 h. We used hemispherical photographs positioned above each fruit station to evaluate canopy openness. We found a statistically significant difference in fruit consumption between landscapes, which means that more fruits were detected and consumed in the forest-dominated landscape. However, forests and shade cocoa plantations within each landscape exhibited similar fruit consumption. Canopy openness was similar between the landscapes, however, the cocoa plantations exhibited greater canopy openness than forests. The results of this study reinforce the importance of the presence of forests in the agricultural landscape. Thus, to evaluate the capacity of agroforest to protect species and maintain ecological interactions it is also necessary to consider the landscape context.
An inverse theorem for Gowers norms of trace functions over Fp
Authors: FOUVRY ÉTIENNE , KOWALSKI EMMANUEL , MICHEL PHILIPPE 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe study the Gowers uniformity norms of functions over Z/pZ which are trace functions of ℓ-adic sheaves. On the one hand, we establish a strong inverse theorem for these functions, and on the other hand this gives many explicit examples of functions with Gowers norms of size comparable to that of “random” functions.
Stable geometric properties of analytic and harmonic functions
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ RODRIGO , MARTÍN MARÍA J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractGiven any sense preserving harmonic mapping f=h+ḡ in the unit disk, we prove that for all |λ|=1 the functions fλ=h+λḡ are univalent (resp. close-to-convex, starlike, or convex) if and only if the analytic functions Fλ=h+λg are univalent (resp. close-to-convex, starlike, or convex) for all such λ. We also obtain certain necessary geometric conditions on h in order that the functions fλ belong to the families mentioned above. In particular, we see that if fλ are univalent for all λ on the unit circle, then h is univalent.