bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualising personhood in nursing care for people with altered consciousness, cognition and behaviours: A discussion paper
Authors: Kivunja Stephen , Pryor Julie , River Jo , Gullick Janice 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this discussion paper is to explore factors and contexts that influence how nurses might conceptualise and assign personhood for people with altered consciousness, cognition and behaviours. While a biomedical framing is founded upon a dichotomy between the body and self, such that the body can be subjected to a medical and objectifying gaze, relational theories of self, multiculturalism and technological advances for life‐sustaining interventions present new dilemmas which necessitate discussion about what constitutes personhood. The concept of personhood is dynamic and evolving: where historical constructs of rationality, agency, autonomy and a conscious mind once formed the basis for personhood, these ideas have been challenged to encompass embodied, relational, social and cultural paradigms of selfhood. Themes in this discussion include: the right to personhood, mind–body dualism versus the embodied self; personhood as consciousness, rationality and narratives of self; social relational contexts of personhood and cultural contexts of personhood. Patricia Benner's and Christine Tanner's clinical judgement model is then applied to consider the implications for nursing care that seeks to reflexively incorporate personhood. Nurse clinicians are able to move between conceptions of personhood and act to support the body, as well as presumed autonomy and relational, social and cultural personhood. In doing so, they use analytical, intuitive and narrative reasoning which prioritises autonomous constructions of self. They also incorporate relational and social contexts of the person receiving care within the possibilities of technological advances and constraints of contextual resources.
PmHs1pro‐1 monitors Bsursaphelenchus xylophilus infection and activates defensive response in resistant Pinus massoniana
Authors: Xie Yini , Liu Bin , Zhou Zhichun , Gao Kai , Yin Hengfu , Zhao Yunxiao , Liu Qinghua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPlant resistance (R) genes play a crucial role in the detection of effector proteins secreted by pathogens, either directly or indirectly, as well as in the subsequent activation of downstream defence mechanisms. However, little is known about how R genes regulate the defence responses of conifers, particularly Pinus massoniana, against the destructive pine wood nematode (PWN; Bursaphelenchus xylophilus). Here, we isolated and characterised PmHs1pro‐1, a nematode‐resistance gene of P. massoniana, using bioinformatics, molecular biology, histochemistry and transgenesis. Tissue‐specific expressional pattern and localisation of PmHs1pro‐1 suggested that it was a crucial positive regulator in response to PWN attack in resistant P. massoniana. Meanwhile, overexpression of PmHs1pro‐1 was found to activate reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism‐related enzymes and the expressional level of their key genes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. In addition, we showed that PmHs1pro‐1 directly recognised the effector protein BxSCD1of PWN, and induced the ROS burst responding to PWN invasion in resistant P. massoniana. Our findings illustrated the molecular framework of R genes directly recognising the effector protein of pathology in pine, which offered a novel insight into the plant–pathogen arms race.
LSTrAP‐denovo: Automated Generation of Transcriptome Atlases for Eukaryotic Species Without Genomes
Authors: Lim Peng Ken , Wang Ruoxi , Mutwil Marek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the abundance of species with transcriptomic data, a significant number of species still lack sequenced genomes, making it difficult to study gene function and expression in these organisms. While de novo transcriptome assembly can be used to assemble protein‐coding transcripts from RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) data, the datasets used often only feature samples of arbitrarily selected or similar experimental conditions, which might fail to capture condition‐specific transcripts. We developed the Large‐Scale Transcriptome Assembly Pipeline for de novo assembled transcripts (LSTrAP‐denovo) to automatically generate transcriptome atlases of eukaryotic species. Specifically, given an NCBI TaxID, LSTrAP‐denovo can (1) filter undesirable RNA‐seq accessions based on read data, (2) select RNA‐seq accessions via unsupervised machine learning to construct a sample‐balanced dataset for download, (3) assemble transcripts via over‐assembly, (4) functionally annotate coding sequences (CDS) from assembled transcripts and (5) generate transcriptome atlases in the form of expression matrices for downstream transcriptomic analyses. LSTrAP‐denovo is easy to implement, written in Python, and is freely available at https://github.com/pengkenlim/LSTrAP-denovo/.
The Motherland and the Fight with Fascism: War Cult and War Film under Brezhnev (1965–82)
Authors: Kelly Catriona 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article, based on extensive archival documentation, newspapers, and periodicals, examines the impact upon the Soviet film industry of shifts in top‐level policy relating to representation of the war. It contends that Leonid Brezhnev’s May 8, 1965, speech on the eve of Victory Day propounded an inclusive vision of the war (later sections of the speech comprise an exhaustive inventory of different representatives of military and civilian society who had been responsible for victory). Yet, in lending encouragement to participants of all kinds to consider their experience valid, the speech opened up a discursive space in which validity might be contested. Further, the emphasis in the film industry upon innovation and the need to avoid predictability ran directly against the requirement that commemoration of the war should fit highly ritualized and easily recognizable patterns. The article traces the results of these overall contradictions in the arguments about overall policy on the war film between representatives of the High Command, film managers at Goskino, cinema’s central bureaucracy, and filmmakers themselves, and the controversies around individual films, including Iurii Ozerov’s Liberation (1968–72), Andrei Smirnov’s The Belorussian Station (1970), Aleksei German’s Operation “New Year” (1971, released as Checkpoint, 1985), and Larisa Shepit'ko’s Ascent (1977).
Preschoolers’ moral judgment and punishment attribution: Longitudinal links to theory of mind and emotion understanding
Authors: Seucan Daniela Teodora , Szekely‐Copîndean Raluca Diana , Visu‐Petra Laura 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding what others think and feel, an essential ingredient of social functioning, develops early on, allowing children to understand and evaluate other people's actions. To assess whether those actions break or uphold moral rules (moral judgments), children must consider the agent's intentions and whether the action harms or helps others. The present study investigated longitudinally the changes and interrelations between cognitive and affective perspective‐taking and moral evaluations in 3‐ to 5‐year‐old preschoolers (N = 92, 43 girls). We assessed children's first‐order theory of mind and their ability to understand other people's emotions. Next, we presented them with two moral stories which measured how children evaluated the “good” or “bad” nature of the character's intention, and whether the character deserved to be punished. Controlling for inhibitory control—which is thought to help individuals integrate information about intention—and for time across development, our main findings showed that moral judgment was positively associated with theory of mind and that both moral judgment and punishment were positively associated with the ability to understand other people's emotions. There were developmental effects for each of the measured variables, improvements being visible 15 months later, especially in the case of the theory of mind and punishment attributions. We discuss our findings in light of recent models of moral judgment regarding the processes involved in children's moral judgments and put forward future methodological directions.
Genome‐wide chromatin accessibility reveals transcriptional regulation of heterosis in inter‐subspecific hybrid rice
Authors: Wang Fei , Xi Zengde , Wang Mengyao , Wang Linyou , Wang Jianbo 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYThe utilization of rice heterosis is essential for ensuring global food security; however, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, comprehensive analyses of accessible chromatin regions (ACRs), DNA methylation, and gene expression in inter‐subspecific hybrid and its parents were performed to determine the potential role of chromatin accessibility in rice heterosis. The hybrid exhibited abundant ACRs, in which the gene ACRs and proximal ACRs were directly related to transcriptional activation rather than the distal ACRs. Regarding the dynamic accessibility contribution of the parents, paternal ZHF1015 transmitted a greater number of ACRs to the hybrid. Accessible genotype‐specific target genes were enriched with overrepresented transcription factors, indicating a unique regulatory network of genes in the hybrid. Compared with its parents, the differentially accessible chromatin regions with upregulated chromatin accessibility were much greater than those with downregulated chromatin accessibility, reflecting a stronger regulation in the hybrid. Furthermore, DNA methylation levels were negatively correlated with ACR intensity, and genes were strongly affected by CHH methylation in the hybrid. Chromatin accessibility positively regulated the overall expression level of each genotype. ACR‐related genes with maternal Z04A‐bias allele‐specific expression tended to be enriched during carotenoid biosynthesis, whereas paternal ZHF1015‐bias genes were more active in carbohydrate metabolism. Our findings provide a new perspective on the mechanism of heterosis based on chromatin accessibility in inter‐subspecific hybrid rice.
Molecular basis of one‐step methyl anthranilate biosynthesis in grapes, sweet orange, and maize
Authors: Fallon Michael A. , Tadfie Hisham , Watson Aracely P. , Dyke Madeline M. , Flores Christopher , Cook Nathan , Fei Zhangjun , Holland Cynthia K. 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYPlants synthesize an array of volatile compounds, many of which serve ecological roles in attracting pollinators, deterring herbivores, and communicating with their surroundings. Methyl anthranilate (MeAA) is an anti‐herbivory defensive volatile responsible for grape aroma that is emitted by several agriculturally relevant plants, including citrus, grapes, and maize. Unlike maize, which uses a one‐step anthranilate methyltransferase (AAMT), grapes have been thought to use a two‐step pathway for MeAA biosynthesis. By mining available transcriptomics data, we identified two AAMTs in Vitis vinifera (wine grape), as well as one ortholog in “Concord” grape. Many angiosperms methylate the plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) to produce methyl salicylate, which acts as a plant‐to‐plant communication molecule. Because the Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) SA methyltransferase can methylate both anthranilate (AA) and SA, we used this enzyme to examine the molecular basis of AA activity by introducing rational mutations, which identified several active site residues that increase activity with AA. Reversing this approach, we introduced mutations that imparted activity with SA in the maize AAMT, which uncovered different active site residues from those in the citrus enzyme. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed that one of the Vitis AAMTs shares an ancestor with jasmonic acid methyltransferases, similar to the AAMT from strawberry (Frageria sp.). Collectively, these data demonstrate the molecular mechanisms underpinning AA activity across methyltransferases and identify one‐step enzymes by which grapes synthesize MeAA.
eHealth early intervention programs to support premature parents transitioning from NICU to home on parental and infant outcomes: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Ferraz Liliana , Xavier Maria Raul , Gameiro Manuel , Cardoso Ana Filipa , Cardoso Daniela , Paradela Lúcia , Dinis Daniela , Coutinho Estela , Fernandes Ananda 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
This review will assess the effectiveness of eHealth early intervention programs in supporting premature infants and their parents transition from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to home and the impact of such programs on parental and infant outcomes.

Introduction:
The literature has shown the benefits of eHealth early intervention programs to support premature infants and their parents after discharge from NICUs. Parents have reported benefits such as enhanced user-friendliness, increased confidence in infant care, satisfaction, and knowledge acquisition. However, the effectiveness of these programs on parental and infant outcomes remains unclear.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies that assess any early intervention program using eHealth to support premature infants and their parents after discharge from NICU. The programs may be initiated during hospitalization or within the first month of discharge. The programs will include interventions that use eHealth components (eg, teleconsultation), either alone or in combination with face-to-face interventions (eg, home visits). This review will consider parental outcomes, including stress, anxiety, competence, and satisfaction, as well as infant outcomes, including health service utilization and cognitive, motor, and social development.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. The search strategy will aim to find both published and unpublished quantitative studies in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, without any geographical or cultural limitations. Two reviewers will independently perform study selection, critical appraisal, and data extraction. The results will be accompanied by a narrative synthesis. If possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted and the Summary of Findings will be presented using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023444721
Expression patterns of
Mal
genes and association with differential maltose and maltotriose transport rate of two
Saccharomyces pastorianus
yeasts
Authors: Hernández-Vásquez César I. , García-García Jorge H. , Pérez-Ortega Esmeralda R. , Martínez-Segundo Adriana G. , Damas-Buenrostro Luis C. , Pereyra-Alférez Benito 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Beer brewing is a well-known process that still faces great challenges, such as the total consumption of sugars present in the fermentation media. Lager-style beer, a major worldwide beer type, is elaborated by
Saccharomyces pastorianus
(Sp) yeast, which must ferment high maltotriose content worts, but its consumption represents a notable problem, especially among Sp strains belonging to group I. Factors, such as fermentation conditions, presence of maltotriose transporters, transporter copy number variation, and genetic regulation variations contribute to this issue. We assess the factors affecting fermentation in two Sp yeast strains: SpIB1, with limited maltotriose uptake, and SpIB2, known for efficient maltotriose transport. Here, SpIB2 transported significantly more maltose (28%) and maltotriose (32%) compared with SpIB1. Furthermore, SpIB2 expressed all MAL transporters (Sc
MAL
x1, Se
MAL
x1, Sc
AGT
1, Se
AGT
1,
MTT
1, and
MPH
x) on the first day of fermentation, whereas SpIB1 only exhibited Sc
Mal
x1, Sc
AGT
1, and
MPH
2/3 genes. Some SpIB2 transporters had polymorphic transmembrane domains (TMD) resembling
MTT
1, accompanied by higher expression of these transporters and its positive regulator genes, such as
MAL
63. These findings suggest that, in addition to the factors mentioned above, positive regulators of Mal transporters contribute significantly to phenotypic diversity in maltose and maltotriose consumption among the studied lager yeast strains.

IMPORTANCE

Beer, the third most popular beverage globally with a 90% market share in the alcoholic beverage industry, relies on
Saccharomyces pastorianus
(Sp) strains for lager beer production. These strains exhibit phenotypic diversity in maltotriose consumption, a crucial process for the acceptable organoleptic profile in lager beer. This diversity ranges from Sp group II strains with a notable maltotriose-consuming ability to Sp group I strains with limited capacity. Our study highlights that differential gene expression of maltose and maltotriose transporters and its upstream trans-elements, such as
MAL
gene-positive regulators, adds complexity to this variation. This insight can contribute to a more comprehensive analysis needed to the development of controlled and efficient biotechnological processes in the beer brewing industry.
Taurine modulates host cell responses to
Helicobacter pylori
VacA toxin
Authors: Westland Mandy D. , Schrimpe-Rutledge Alexandra C. , Codreanu Simona G. , Sherrod Stacy D. , McLean John A. , McClain Mark S. , Cover Timothy L. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Colonization of the human stomach with
Helicobacter pylori
strains producing active forms of the secreted toxin VacA is associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer, compared with colonization with strains producing hypoactive forms of VacA. Previous studies have shown that active s1m1 forms of VacA cause cell vacuolation and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study, we sought to define the cellular metabolic consequences of VacA intoxication. Untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed that several hundred metabolites were significantly altered in VacA-treated gastroduodenal cells (AGS and AZ-521) compared with control cells. Pathway analysis suggested that VacA caused alterations in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. Treatment of cells with the purified active s1m1 form of VacA, but not hypoactive s2m1 or Δ6–27 VacA-mutant proteins (defective in membrane channel formation), caused reductions in intracellular taurine and hypotaurine concentrations. Supplementation of the tissue culture medium with taurine or hypotaurine protected AZ-521 cells against VacA-induced cell death. Untargeted global metabolomics of VacA-treated AZ-521 cells or AGS cells in the presence or absence of extracellular taurine showed that taurine was the main intracellular metabolite significantly altered by extracellular taurine supplementation. These results indicate that VacA causes alterations in cellular taurine metabolism and that repletion of taurine is sufficient to attenuate VacA-induced cell death. We discuss these results in the context of previous literature showing the important role of taurine in cell physiology and the pathophysiology or treatment of multiple pathologic conditions, including gastric ulcers, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, inflammatory diseases, and other aging-related disorders.
Pseudomonas putida
KT2440: the long journey of a soil-dweller to become a synthetic biology chassis
Authors: de Lorenzo Victor , Pérez-Pantoja Danilo , Nikel Pablo I. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Although members of the genus
Pseudomonas
share specific morphological, metabolic, and genomic traits, the diversity of niches and lifestyles adopted by the family members is vast. One species of the group,
Pseudomonas putida,
thrives as a colonizer of plant roots and frequently inhabits soils polluted with various types of chemical waste. Owing to a combination of historical contingencies and inherent qualities, a particular strain,
P. putida
KT2440, emerged time ago as an archetype of an environmental microorganism amenable to recombinant DNA technologies, which was also capable of catabolizing chemical pollutants. Later, the same bacterium progressed as a reliable platform for programming traits and activities in various biotechnological applications. This article summarizes the stepwise upgrading of
P. putida
KT2440 from being a system for fundamental studies on the biodegradation of aromatic compounds (especially when harboring the TOL plasmid pWW0) to its adoption as a chassis of choice in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Although there are remaining uncertainties about the taxonomic classification of KT2440, advanced genome editing capabilities allow us to tailor its genetic makeup to meet specific needs. This makes its traditional categorization somewhat less important, while also increasing the strain’s overall value for contemporary industrial and environmental uses.
An open-label, phase IV randomised controlled trial of two schedules of a four-component meningococcal B vaccine in UK preterm infants
Authors: Calvert Anna , Andrews Nick , Barlow Sheula , Borrow Ray , Black Charlotte , Bromage Barbara , Carr Jeremy , Clarke Paul , Collinson Andrew C , Few Karen , Hayward Naomi , Jones Christine E , Le Doare Kirsty , Ladhani Shamez N , Louth Jennifer , Papadopoulou Georgia , Pople Michelle , Scorrer Tim , Snape Matthew D , Heath Paul T 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo compare immunological responses of preterm infants to a four-component meningococcal B vaccine (4CMenB; Bexsero) following a 2+1 vs a 3+1 schedule, and to describe reactogenicity of routine vaccines.DesignAn open-label, phase IV randomised study conducted across six UK sites.SettingNeonatal units, postnatal wards, community recruitment following discharge.Participants129 preterm infants born at a gestation of <35 weeks (64 in group 1 (2+1), 65 in group 2 (3+1)) were included in the analysis. Analysis was completed for postprimary samples from 125 participants (59 in group 1, 66 in group 2) and for postbooster samples from 118 participants (59 in both groups).InterventionsInfants randomised to 4CMenB according to a 2+1 or a 3+1 schedule, alongside routine vaccines.Main outcome measuresSerum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assays performed at 5, 12 and 13 months of age: geometric mean titres (GMTs) and proportions of infants achieving titres ≥4 compared between groups.ResultsThere were no significant differences in SBA GMTs between infants receiving a 2+1 compared with a 3+1 schedule following primary or booster vaccination, but a significantly higher proportion of infants had an SBA titre ≥4 against strain NZ98/254 (porin A) at 1 month after primary vaccination using a 3+1 compared with a 2+1 schedule (3+1: 87% (95% CI 76 to 94%), 2+1: 70% (95% CI 56 to 81%), p=0.03).At 12 weeks of age those in the 3+1 group, who received a dose of 4CMenB, had significantly more episodes of fever >38.0°C than those in the 2+1 group who did not (group 2+1: 2% (n=1); 3+1: 14% (n=9); p=0.02).ConclusionsBoth schedules were immunogenic in preterm infants, although a lower response against strain NZ98/254 was seen in the 2+1 schedule; ongoing disease surveillance is important in understanding the clinical significance of this difference.Trial registration numberNCT03125616.