bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Cognitive Function: A Population‐Based Study Amongst Nondemented Men
Authors: Corney Kayla B. , Stuart Amanda L. , Mohebbi Mohammadreza , Pasco Julie A. , Kavanagh Bianca E. , Sui Sophia X. , Williams Lana J. 
Published: August 2024

Background: As cognitive decline and dementia‐related diseases are currently incurable, identifying modifiable and preventative factors is imperative. Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations between modifiable lifestyle factors and cognitive function in a population‐based sample of nondemented men.Methods: Data for 537 men were drawn from the ongoing, population‐based, Geelong Osteoporosis Study (GOS). The CogState Brief Battery (CBB) was utilised to determine cognitive function (overall cognitive function [OCF], psychomotor function, attention, working memory, and visual learning). Demographic and lifestyle factors (diet, smoking, physical activity [sport, work/home, and leisure time], alcohol use, and body mass index [BMI]) were self‐reported and documented across three waves of data collection. Generalised estimating equation (GEE) models were used to determine associations between the time‐updating exposures of interest and each of the cognitive domains.Results: Age was associated with OCF (η2 = 0.298), psychomotor function (η2 = 0.163), attention (η2 = 0.210), working memory (η2 = 0.215), and visual learning (η2 = 0.097). Playing sport was associated with all aspects of cognition: OCF (η2 = 0.014), psychomotor function (η2 = 0.007), attention (η2 = 0.004), working memory (η2 = 0.013), and visual learning (η2 = 0.004), and being physically active during leisure time was associated with visual learning (η2 = 0.008). Being physically active at work and home, smoking, diet quality, energy consumed per day, alcohol intake, and BMI were not associated with any of the cognitive domains.Conclusion: In this study of nondemented men, elements of a healthy lifestyle such as playing sport and being physically active during leisure time were associated with better cognition. Further studies into whether these factors, amongst others, prevent the onset and progression of dementia are needed.
A Neglected Disease: Hidradenitis Suppurativa a Rare Cause of Amyloidosis Complicated With Sepsis and Renal Failure: A Case Report
Authors: Demir Orhun , Yondem Omer Zuhtu , Doganay Mehmet 
Published: August 2024

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful relapsing inflammatory disease characterized with subcutaneous nodules, abscesses, tunnels, and deforming scars. We present a case of HS complicated with amyloidosis who was admitted with sepsis and acute renal failure.Case Report: A 53‐year‐old male patient with a history of HS and amyloidosis was accepted to the intensive care unit suffering from acute kidney failure and sepsis symptoms. He was receiving adalimumab during admission. He received hemodialysis and piperacillin–tazobactam antibiotherapy. After 15 days of hospitalization, his sepsis was treated, but he was taken to a routine hemodialysis programme.Conclusion: In the presence of amyloidosis with intervenient infections, the risk of chronic renal failure in HS cases can be kept in mind even if the patient is receiving TNF inhibitors.
Trends in Complications Among Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement in the United States
Authors: Harvey James E. , Kapadia Samir R. , Cohen David J. , Kalra Ankur , Irish William , Gunnarsson Candace , Ryan Michael , Chikermane Soumya G. , Thompson Christin , Puri Rishi 
Published: August 2024

Background
The treatment of severe aortic stenosis has evolved considerably since the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), yet trends in complications for patients undergoing TAVR or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) at a national level have yet to be evaluated.

Methods and Results

We performed a retrospective cohort study using Medicare data to evaluate temporal trends in complications among beneficiaries, aged ≥65 years, treated with elective isolated transfemoral TAVR or SAVR between 2012 and 2019. The study end point was the occurrence of a major complication (composite outcome) during index and up to 30 days after. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess odds of complications for TAVR and SAVR, individually over time, and for TAVR versus SAVR, over time. The cohort included 211 212 patients (mean±SD age, 78.6±7.3 years; 45.0% women). Complication rates during index following elective isolated aortic valve replacement decreased from 49% in 2012 to 22% in 2019. These reductions were more pronounced for TAVR (41% to >19%, Δ=22%) than SAVR (51% to >47%, Δ=4%). After risk adjustment, the risk of any complication with TAVR was 47% (
P
<0.0001) lower compared with SAVR in 2012, and 78% (
P
<0.0001) lower in 2019. TAVR was independently associated with reduced odds of complications each year compared with 2012, with the magnitude of benefit increasing over time (2013 versus 2012: odds ratio [OR], 0.89 [95% CI, 0.81–0.97]; 2019 versus 2012: OR, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.33–0.38]). These findings are consistent for complications up to 30 days from index.

Conclusions
Between 2012 and 2019, the risk of complications after aortic valve replacement among Medicare beneficiaries decreased significantly, with larger absolute and relative changes among patients treated with TAVR than SAVR.
CASSH Registry: Rationale and Study Design
Authors: Ezzeldin Mohamad , Kerro Ali , Hassan Ameer E. , Hussain Muhammad Shazam , Tatapudi Suhas V. V. , Ezzeldin Rime , Sheriff Faheem G. , Kan Peter , Ezepue Chizoba , Asif Kaiz S. , Grandhi Ramesh , Alaraj Ali , Niazi Muhammad , Bushnaq Saif , Tanweer Omar , Limaye Kaustubh , Anwoju Tunmi , Ali Zuhair , Zaidat Osama O. , Siddiq Farhan 
Published: August 2024

Background
Carotid artery disease, a major cause of strokes, often results from carotid atherosclerotic stenosis. Although carotid endarterectomy has long been the standard treatment, carotid artery stenting (CAS) emerged as an alternative for high‐risk surgical patients. Operator experience plays a crucial role in reducing complications, with neurointerventional specialists demonstrating proficiency in CAS. However, they are often underrepresented in CAS studies. The CASSH (Carotid Artery Stenting Outcomes in Comprehensive Stroke Hospitals) registry aims to provide comprehensive insights into CAS outcomes, particularly when performed by neurointerventionalists at comprehensive stroke centers.

Methods
The CASSH is a multicenter, prospective, observational study currently enrolling patients with carotid artery stenosis undergoing CAS performed by neurointerventional physicians. All the participating sites will screen and report cases that meet inclusion criteria, on a monthly basis. The decision of whether to use CAS is at the discretion of the interventionalist.

Results
We will collect patients’ baseline clinical, demographic, and radiographic data. In addition, we plan to collect procedure variables and postoperative clinical and imaging data. Outcomes include the rate of postoperative symptomatic stroke (hemorrhagic/ischemic), access site complications, in‐stent thrombosis, and mortality.

Conclusion
Current literature underrepresents neurointerventionalists in CAS studies, especially as it pertains to procedural expertise and outcomes. CASSH is a prospective observational study that will enhance our understanding of CAS management and outcomes, emphasizing the benefits of neurointerventional expertise within comprehensive stroke centers.
Neuroimaging Findings for the Overnight Consolidation of Learned Non-native Speech Sounds
Authors: Earle F. Sayako , Molfese Peter J. , Myers Emily B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Research over the past two decades has documented the importance of sleep to language learning. Sleep has been suggested to play a role in establishing new speech representations as well; however, the neural mechanisms corresponding to sleep-mediated effects on speech perception behavior are unknown. In this study, we trained monolingual English-speaking adults to perceive differences between the Hindi dental vs. retroflex speech contrast in the evening. We examined the blood oxygen level dependent signal using functional magnetic resonance imaging during perceptual tasks on both the trained talker and on an untrained talker shortly after training, and again the next morning. We also employed diffusion tensor imaging to determine if individual differences in white matter structure could predict variability in overnight consolidation. We found greater activity in cortical regions associated with language processing (e.g., left insula) on the second day. Fractional anisotropy values in the anterior thalamic radiation and the uncinate fasciculus were associated with the magnitude of overnight change in perceptual behavior on the generalization (untrained) talker, after controlling for differences in sleep duration and initial learning. Our findings suggest that speech-perceptual information is subject to an overnight transfer of information to the cortex. Moreover, neural structure appears to be linked to individual differences in efficiency of overnight consolidation.
Les projets constitutionnels du Congrès de Polleur (1789–1791): La Révolution dans les campagnes de la Principauté de Liège
Authors: Leboutte Quentin 
Published: August 2024

Summary
Within the history of revolutionary upheavals, the role of the Polleur Congress remains unique and yet overlooked. Drawing inspiration from the French and American Revolutions, and rooted in Enlightenment ideas, the congress participants adapted their demands to the local reality of the Marquisate of Franchimont. In doing so, they were able to create a more radical yet also more democratic revolutionary movement. Whether in the implementation of the separation of powers principle, the proclamation of a Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, or the establishment of a Franchimont Republic, all the proposed reforms demonstrate a genuine effort to reinterpret global revolutionary ideas and tailor them to the local situation. This contribution aims to rediscover the legal aspects of this Congress through the analysis of the demands for an institutional reform of the Principality of Liège, the various fundamental rights guaranteed to citizens, as well as the intentions for organizing the new state specific to the Franchimont region.
Is legal history just writing a text?
Authors: Sirks Boudewijn 
Published: August 2024

Summary
The question, what constitutes the methodology of the legal history research, is answered in different ways. One is that it is the same as for general history: writing on history according to a set of rules which constitute its methodology, because in the end all research on history is just creating a text. It follows from this that legal history is a variation of history and belongs to history faculties, since there is no connection with legal methodology. It is maintained in this article that this view is based on too simple a view of history as science: there is not one methodology but various methodologies (‘discourses’, not only in history but in science in general), each with its own conditions and requirements. Legal history’s discourse has a particular distinguishing element, viz. legal analysis and methodology, which sets it apart from history in general. Its natural place is consequently in law faculties.
‘Scriptura recepta et usitata’
Authors: Zwalve W.J. 
Published: August 2024

Summary
It is generally taken for granted that the 426 Law of Citations (Lex citandi) of the emperor Valentinian III had no impact on the composition of Justinian’s Digest and that it had already been repealed on 15 December 530 with the promulgation of Const. Deo auctore, announcing the composition of the Digest. In this article it is contended that the Lex citandi was only repealed on 16 December 533, with the promulgation of the Digest on which it had a considerable impact since it was referred to in Const. Deo auctore and was the main inspiration of the Index florentinus, which is to be regarded as an expanded version of the Lex citandi.
Theory in Comparative Law Scholarship
Authors: Vols Michel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The main focus of this paper is the meaning of the term “theory” in comparative law. It examines the comparative law theory literature and conducts an in-depth analysis of a sample of articles from two journals (ajcl and ejclg). Theory is considered very important in legal scholarship. ajcl articles are usually more “theory-thick” than their European counterparts. Nevertheless, the majority of European literature also places a strong emphasis on theory-related language. Yet, it is often unclear why authors used these words or what they contributed to the paragraph, section, or research objective. None of the articles reviewed discussed or acknowledged the polysemous nature of theory. This lack of clarity and transparency may hinder the progress of comparative law scholarship.
Too Big to Remedy? What Climate Cases Tell Us About the Remedial Role of Human Rights
Authors: Heri Corina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As the European Court of Human Rights (Court) considered the human rights impacts of climate change for the first time, its initial climate cases issued an invitation to think beyond climate change, and to interrogate key aspects of how the Court deals with systemic or societal problems. While its ruling in KlimaSeniorinnen v Switzerland presented much-discussed innovations in terms of the Court’s treatment of the admissibility and merits of climate cases, and especially in terms of the victim status test, the ‘tail’ end of the Court’s violation judgment has not received sufficient attention. Here the Court had a particular opportunity to respond to the structural nature of climate change. Its deferential remedial findings relate to the Court’s understanding of reparation and its own role, which in turn shape its willingness to open its remedial toolbox. The present piece interrogates the remedial options available in climate cases, focusing particularly on the KlimaSeniorinnen case to re-examine the idea that some issues are simply too extensive or too complex to receive scrutiny – or a remedy – from a human rights institution such as the Court.
Education, Risk-attitude and Agricultural Innovation: Farm Level Investigation in North India
Authors: Verma Saroj 
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the role of farmers’ education in promoting farming innovation, that is, contract farming (CF). Applying the Tobit model on cross-sectional data of 754 wheat growers in Haryana, it has been found that education directly and indirectly (by reducing risk aversion) stimulates the participation intensity of farmers in CF. It directly enhances farmers’ capacity to absorb and comprehend CF complexities and indirectly reduces farmers’ risk-aversion attitude. It fosters a positive attitude and willingness to adopt modern technologies. Hence, both the education and risk-taking attitudes of farmers are found to be significant for CF adoption probability and intensity. Other factors like farm size, non-farm income, asset ownership and access to credit, media and contact with extension services are all positive stimuli of CF participation intensity. The study suggests promoting field school and awareness programmes to help farmers both acquire and disseminate information on modern farm practices and technologies. JEL Codes: C01, I25, Q16
Rapid identification of the coefficient of moisture expansion of polymer materials by the employment of plates with asymmetric concentration fields
Authors: Beringhier Marianne , Gigliotti Marco , Vannucci Paolo 
Published: August 2024

The paper pursues the development of a novel methodology for the rapid identification of the diffuso-mechanical properties of polymer materials based on the employment of plates subject to asymmetric moisture concentration fields. The study is carried out on epoxy plate samples equipped with a thin aluminium foil on a surface exposed to the environment to promote asymmetric moisture absorption. The asymmetric moisture fields promote deformations of the plate. Mass gain and plate curvatures are measured as a function of time during conditioning. By using a weakly coupled diffuso-mechanical model: 1D Fick’s diffusion model and 2D plane stress hygroelastic model the diffuso-mechanical properties of the material can be then identified. Due to the chosen size of the experimental samples the present study allows the identification of the coefficient of moisture expansion of the epoxy material. For the material under study, the following values can be identified for saturation mass gain, water diffusivity and coefficient of moisture expansion respectively: 1.67%, 0.025 mm2.h−1, 0.1628.
Evaluation of the Laboratory Response Network and Testing Access During the First 10 Weeks of the Mpox Response, United States, May 17–July 31, 2022
Authors: Thomas Katharine L. , Aden Tricia A. , Blevins Patricia A. , Raziano Amanda J. , Wolford Tyler , Honein Margaret A. , Villanueva Julie M. 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The Laboratory Response Network (LRN) consists of US and international laboratories that respond to public health emergencies, such as biothreats. We used a qualitative approach to assess the successes and challenges of the LRN during the initial 10 weeks of the 2022 mpox outbreak (May 17–July 31, 2022). Methods: We conducted 9 unstructured interviews, which included 3 interviews with subject matter experts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and 6 interviews with state and local public health laboratories and epidemiologists and Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) staff. We asked guiding questions on investments in preparedness, successes, and challenges during the initial mpox response and asked for suggestions to improve future LRN responses to infectious disease outbreaks. We also reviewed data from 2 contemporaneous APHL surveys conducted in June and July 2022 in 84 LRN public health laboratories. Results: Notable successes included availability of an assay that had received clearance from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for testing orthopoxviruses (non-variola Orthopoxvirus [NVO] assay) and a trained workforce; strong relationships among FDA, CDC, and the LRN; and strong communications between LRN laboratories and CDC. Challenges included variability among LRN laboratories in self-reported testing capacity, barriers to accessing the NVO assay for health care providers, and gaps in LRN function during surges of testing needs. Conclusions: The LRN system plays an essential role in the response to emerging infectious disease outbreaks in the United States. Lessons learned from the LRN’s initial response to the mpox outbreak can help guide improvements to better position the LRN for future responses, including continued engagement with health care providers, commercial laboratories, and laboratories in health care settings.
Effect of a transitional tele-rehabilitation programme on quality of life of adult burn survivors: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bayuo Jonathan , Wong Frances Kam Yuet , Chung Loretta Yuet Foon 
Published: August 2024

Objective To examine the effects of the transitional tele-rehabilitation programme on quality of life of adult burn survivors. Design A prospective, single centre, randomised controlled trial and reported according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. Participants Adult burn survivors aged ≥18 years with burn size ≥10% total body surface area irrespective of the depth was considered eligible to participate. Intervention The intervention was in two phases: pre-discharge and active follow-up phase (which occurred via WeChat). In both phases, comprehensive assessment and intervention guided by the Omaha System and evidenced-based protocols guided the care delivery over an 8-week period. Main measures The outcome of interest was quality of life. Two outcome measures were used to assess the outcome of interest: Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B) and the EQ-5D-5L tools. The outcome was assessed at three time points: T0 (baseline), T1 (immediate post-intervention) and T2 (4 weeks from T1). Results In total, 60 adult burn survivors were randomly allocated to undergo the new programme. The transitional tele-rehabilitation programme elicited statistically significant improvement in simple abilities, affect, interpersonal relationship (T2) and overall quality life (T1 and T2) measured on the BSHS-B. Conclusion Ongoing rehabilitative care is essential to support the recovery process of burn survivors considering that some quality-of-life subscales may improve faster than others. The study findings highlight the potential of employing a social media platform to improve post-burn quality of life outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT04517721. Registered on 20 August 2020
Characterization of an At-Risk Population for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in a Primary Care Setting Along the U.S.–Mexico Border
Authors: Spitz Lindsay , Saadiq Stefan , Shokar Navkiran K. , Zuckerman Marc J. , Casner Nancy A. , Valenzuela Roy , Salinas Jennifer J. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the burden of suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in a predominantly Hispanic patient population and explore the utility of the American Gastroenterological Association’s NAFLD Clinical Care Pathway (CCP). Methodology: Electronic medical records ( n = 223) were used to divide patients into risk groups based on the amount of metabolic risk factors they presented, diabetic status, or if they presented other liver diseases. Fribosis-4 (FIB-4) scores were used to determine the risk for advanced fibrosis. Results: Most patients (83.8%) were considered at risk for NAFLD based on CCP criteria, and about a third of patients (33.2%) were found to be at indeterminate ( n = 60; 26.9%) or high risk ( n = 14; 6.3%) for advanced fibrosis. Most indeterminate-risk patients (78.3%) were not referred for liver imaging. Discussion: This study demonstrates the potential of the CCP as a corrective tool that could help to better identify and screen patients at risk for NAFLD.
Endovascular Conversion of a Failed Nellix AAA-Repair by a Custom-Made Branched Device
Authors: Assaf Baban , Austermann Martin J. , Usai Marco V. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This technical note presents a case of a patient with a failed Nellix device (Endologix, Irvine, Calif) who was not deemed fit for open conversion. Our planned approach for repair involved an endovascular procedure utilizing a custom-made branched device. Technique: An endovascular repair was performed via a custom-made four outer branched device in conjunction with a custom-made bifurcated graft featuring inverted limbs (Cook Inc., Bloomington, Ind). All branches were connected to the target vessel with Gore Viabahn VBX balloon-expandable covered stents (Gore & Associates Inc.). Conclusion: Endovascular conversion with branched endovascular repair in a patient not deemed fit for open surgery was successfully performed, thereby reducing the risk of a high morbid and mortal procedure. Clinical Impact Novel useful treatment solution of failed EVAR with Nellix device.