bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of oocyte dysmorphisms on intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle outcomes in normal ovarian responders
Authors: Ashrafi Mahnaz , Karimian Leila , Eftekhari‐Yazdi Poopak , Hasani Fatemeh , Arabipoor Arezoo , Bahmanabadi Akram , Akhond Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to identify the influence of oocyte dysmorphisms on clinical outcomes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle in normal responders.Material and MethodsIn the prospective study, morphology of 1999 metaphase II oocytes retrieved from 316 intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles was evaluated from March 2011 to March 2013 at Royan Institute. Controlled ovarian stimulation was performed by long standard agonist protocol. Oocyte morphology was assessed before sperm injection by one embryologist. The associations between fertilization rate, embryo quality and the independent variables were analyzed using odds ratio (OR) calculated with unconditional logistic regression test.ResultsFrom all retrieved oocytes, 1543 (77.1%) showed at least one morphologic aberration. Presence of cytoplasmic vacuoles and high cytoplasmic viscosity were associated with a significant decrease in the fertilization rate (OR: 0.5; P = 0.004 and OR: 0.6; P = 0.03, respectively). The results showed that oocyte morphology did not affect embryo quality. The number of gonadotrophin injections used showed a direct relation with presence of large perivitelline space. No significant difference was observed among four groups (women with total normal morphologic oocytes [group 1], women with total extracytoplasmic dysmorphic oocytes [group 2], women with total cytoplasmic dysmorphic oocytes [group 3] and women with total oocytes containing multiple dysmorphic features [group 4]) in terms of implantation and clinical pregnancy rates.ConclusionsMetaphase II oocyte morphology had minor impacts on fertilization rate, pronuclear morphology and embryo quality in women with normal ovarian response.
Surgical excision of ovarian endometriomas: Does it truly impair ovarian reserve? Long term anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) changes after surgery
Authors: Vignali Michele , Mabrouk Mohamed , Ciocca Erika , Alabiso Giulia , Barbasetti di Prun Allegra , Gentilini Davide , Busacca Mauro 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe long‐term effects of laparoscopic cystectomy on ovarian reserve in patients with unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas were evaluated.MethodsA total of 22 patients undergoing laparoscopic cystectomy for unilateral endometrioma (n = 10) and bilateral endometriomas (n = 12) were included in the study.Result(s)Serum anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels significantly decreased from the baseline value (3.98 ± 3.27 ng/mL) one (1.67 ± 1.56 ng/mL), three (2.01 ± 1.70 ng/mL), and six months (2.43 ± 2.39 ng/mL) postoperatively. There was no difference between preoperative and 12 month postoperative AMH levels (4.01 ± 3.39 ng/mL) (P > 0.05). Patients with bilateral endometriomas had a significantly higher rate of decline in AMH levels 12 months after surgery than patients with monolateral endometriomas (P = 0.035), but in both groups there was no difference in AMH levels at one and 12 months postoperatively (P > 0.05).Conclusion(s)AMH levels temporarily decreased after laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian endometriomas, with complete recovery of preoperative AMH values at 12 months postoperatively. This pattern was equal in patients with bilateral and unilateral ovarian involvement. Patients with bilateral cysts have higher rates of decline of AMH levels compared to patients with unilateral affection.
Annual report of the Committee on Gynecologic Oncology, the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Yamagami Wataru , Aoki Daisuke 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology collects and analyzes annual data on gynecologic cancers from member institutions. Here we present the Treatment Annual Report for 2007. Data on the prognosis of 3381 patients with cervical cancer, 3681 with endometrial cancer, and 2367 with ovarian cancer for whom treatment was initiated in 2007 were analyzed in the Treatment Annual Report. In the 2007 Treatment Annual Report, stage I accounted for 53.1%, stage II for 24.4%, stage III for 14.2%, and stage IV for 8.3% of all patients with cervical cancer. Stage I accounted for 64.8%, stage II for 8.2%, stage III for 20.2%, and stage IV for 6.9% of all patients with endometrial cancer. Stage I accounted for 41.4%, stage II for 9.9%, stage III for 30.6%, and stage IV for 8.6% of all patients with ovarian cancer.The 5‐year overall survival rates for patients with cervical cancer were 91.8% for stage I, 71.5% for stage II, 53.0% for stage III, and 23.7% for stage IV; those for patients with endometrial cancer were 95.3%, 89.8%, 75.6%, and 29.1%, and those for patients with ovarian surface epithelial–stromal tumors were 91.5%, 76.1%, 46.9%, and 31.3%, respectively.
Primary pulmonary neoplasia in cats: assessment of computed tomography findings and survival
Authors: Nunley J. , Sutton J. , Culp W. , Wilson D. , Coleman K. , Demianiuk R. , Schechter A. , Moore G. , Donovan T. , Schwartz P. 
Published: September 2015

OBJECTIVETo identify variables with a preoperative computed tomography scan that influence survival of cats undergoing surgical removal of a primary lung tumour. A secondary objective was to determine whether histologic type and or grade of feline pulmonary tumours affects long term survival.METHODSMedical records were retrospectively reviewed for cats with preoperative computed tomography scans and surgical resection of primary lung tumours. Pulmonary carcinomas were reviewed for histologic diagnosis using two different approaches, histologic grade as well as major histologic pattern.RESULTSMedian survival time of all (n = 28) cats was 156 days. Median survival time for cats with lymph node enlargement was 65 daysversus498 days for cats without lymph node enlargement on preoperative computed tomography scan. Median survival time for cats with preoperative pleural effusion was 2 · 5 daysversus467 days for cats without pleural effusion. Cats with low or intermediate grade tumours had a median survival time of 730 daysversus105 days for cats with high grade tumours.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCECats with preoperative lymph node enlargement and pleural effusion have shorter survival times than cats without.
Host specificity in Sporisorium reilianum is determined by distinct mechanisms in maize and sorghum
Authors: Poloni Alana , Schirawski Jan 
Published: September 2015

SummarySmut fungi are biotrophic plant pathogens that exhibit a very narrow host range. The smut fungus Sporisorium reilianum exists in two host‐adapted formae speciales: S. reilianum f. sp. reilianum (SRS), which causes head smut of sorghum, and S. reilianum f. sp. zeae (SRZ), which induces disease on maize. It is unknown why the two formae speciales cannot form spores on their respective non‐favoured hosts. By fungal DNA quantification and fluorescence microscopy of stained plant samples, we followed the colonization behaviour of both SRS and SRZ on sorghum and maize. Both formae speciales were able to penetrate and multiply in the leaves of both hosts. In sorghum, the hyphae of SRS reached the apical meristems, whereas the hyphae of SRZ did not. SRZ strongly induced several defence responses in sorghum, such as the generation of H2O2, callose and phytoalexins, whereas the hyphae of SRS did not. In maize, both SRS and SRZ were able to spread through the plant to the apical meristem. Transcriptome analysis of colonized maize leaves revealed more genes induced by SRZ than by SRS, with many of them being involved in defence responses. Amongst the maize genes specifically induced by SRS were 11 pentatricopeptide repeat proteins. Together with the microscopic analysis, these data indicate that SRZ succumbs to plant defence after sorghum penetration, whereas SRS proliferates in a relatively undisturbed manner, but non‐efficiently, on maize. This shows that host specificity is determined by distinct mechanisms in sorghum and maize.
Acute aortic dissection mimicking acute abdomen in a 14‐year‐old boy
Authors: Besli Gulser Esen , Durakbasa Cigdem Ulukaya , Yildirim Sema , Acar Murat , Cakir Busra 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAortic dissection is extremely rare in children. Although it usually presents with severe chest pain, atypical clinical presentations mimicking various illnesses may cause misdiagnosis. In this report, the case of a 14‐year‐old boy with symptoms suggestive of acute abdomen, which was finally diagnosed as aortic dissection, is discussed.
Assessment and care of visuospatial disorientation in a mixed dementia patient: a case study using objective measurements
Authors: Yamada Eri , Yatokoro Kaoru , Yamakawa Miyae , Yayama So , Shigenobu Kazue , Taniguchi Norio , Makimoto Kiyoko 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe present a case of a mixed dementia patient with visuospatial disorientation and a developmental disability. The patient was a 69‐year‐old man who was hospitalized for resistance to care, wandering, and a sleep disorder. He was in the advanced stages of dementia and had severe visual impairment due to cataracts. We used an integrated circuit monitoring system and Actiwatch to measure the distance moved per day and sleep–rest cycle, respectively. We administered a coloured paper test to assess the colour most easily recognized by the patient, which was red. We found that displaying his name in large red letters by his door enabled the patient to read his name. We also moved him to a private room next to the day room. The distance moved per day decreased significantly after the implementation of the care plan. However, after the room change, large urine spills were often observed in the bathroom, indicating visuospatial problems. We placed red adhesive tape onto the toilet bowl to make it more visible, which solved the urine spill problem. This case study demonstrates the efficacy of using simple assessment techniques to identify the remaining abilities of a dementia patient and taking simple steps to address the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.
Abnormal behaviours during pramipexole treatment for Cotard's syndrome: a case report
Authors: Maruo Joji , Haraguchi Yoshinori , Tateishi Hiroshi , Noguchi Tomoyuki , Mizoguchi Yoshito , Kato Takahiro A. , Kawashima Toshiro , Monji Akira 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCotard's syndrome is a relatively rare condition that involves a delusion of negation in which an individual believes he or she has lost his or her soul, is dead, or is without functional body systems. This syndrome is observed in various neuropsychiatric disorders but most commonly in mood disorders. Pramipexole has often been used in the adjunctive treatment of both bipolar and unipolar depression, and it is known to cause rare but serious adverse effects such as compulsive behaviours in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Here we report a case of Cotard's syndrome in treatment‐resistant major depression associated with abnormal behaviours that might be caused by pramipexole. In the present case, the patient's abnormal behaviours gradually disappeared about 2 months after the discontinuation of pramipexole. The hypoperfusion in the bilateral parieto‐occipital lobe found on single‐photon emission computed tomography suggests the presence of Lewy body disease pathology. Nonetheless, the patient's abnormal behaviours disappeared after the discontinuation of pramipexole, indicating that they are mainly attributable to pramipexole treatment. However, the possible existence of Lewy body pathology could facilitate the emergence of abnormal behaviours after treatment with pramipexole. The patient's abnormal behaviours, such as eating other patients' food and taking her medicine before the scheduled time, might differ from typical compulsive behaviours induced by pramipexole (such as pathological gambling and hypersexuality), but they could be regarded as disinhibition. Therefore, we should follow up on the clinical course of this case carefully through neuroimaging investigation and neurocognitive assessment.
The Effectiveness of Interventions for Improving the Research Literacy of Nurses: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hines Sonia , Ramsbotham Joanne , Coyer Fiona 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundInternationally, a considerable body of research exists examining why nurses do not use evidence in practice. Consistently, the research finds that lack of knowledge about research or discomfort with understanding research terminology are among the chief reasons given. Research education is commonly included in undergraduate nursing degree programs, but this does not seem to translate into a strong understanding of research following graduation, or an ability to use it in practice.AimThe objective of this review was to identify the effectiveness of workplace, tertiary‐level educational, or other interventions designed to improve or increase postregistration nurses’ understanding of research literature and ability to critically interact with research literature with the aim of promoting the use of research evidence in practice in comparison to no intervention, other intervention, or usual practice.MethodsA wide range of databases were searched for quantitative studies of registered nurses receiving educational interventions designed to increase or improve their understanding of research literature in tertiary or workplace settings. Two reviewers working independently critically appraised the relevant papers and extracted the data using Joanna Briggs Institute instruments. Data are presented as a narrative summary as no meta‐analysis was possible.ResultsSearching identified 4,545 potentially relevant papers, and after the sifting of titles and abstracts, 96 papers were selected for retrieval. On examination of full‐text versions, 10 of the 96 retrieved papers were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Included studies were low to moderate quality. Interactive or activity‐based learning seems to be effective in terms of improving research knowledge, critical appraisal ability, and research self‐efficacy. Utilizing a program with a strong base in an appropriate theory also seems to be associated with greater effectiveness, particularly for workplace interventions.Linking Evidence to ActionThe included studies strongly favored interactive interventions, and those utilizing theory in their construction. Therefore, these types of interventions should be implemented to improve the effectiveness of research education for nurses as well as their research literacy.
Is immune system‐related hypertension associated with ovarian hormone deficiency?
Authors: Sandberg Kathryn , Ji Hong , Einstein Gillian , Au April , Hay Meredith 
Published: September 2015

New Findings

What is the topic of this review?
This review summarizes recent data on the role of ovarian hormones and sex in inflammation‐related hypertension.

What advances does it highlight?
The adaptive immune system has recently been implicated in the development of hypertension in males but not in females. The role of the immune system in the development of hypertension in women and its relationship to ovarian hormone production are highlighted.

The immune system is known to contribute to the development of high blood pressure in males. However, the role of the immune system in the development of high blood pressure in females and the role of ovarian hormones has only recently begun to be studied. In animal studies, both the sex of the host and the T cell are critical biological determinants of susceptibility and resistance to hypertension induced by angiotensin II. In women, natural menopause is known to result in significant changes in the expression of genes regulating the immune system. Likewise, in animal models, ovariectomy results in hypertension and an upregulation in T‐cell tumour necrosis factor‐α‐related genes. Oestrogen replacement results in decreases in inflammatory genes in the brain regions involved in blood pressure regulation. Together, these studies suggest that the response of the adaptive immune system to ovarian hormone deficiency is a significant contributor to hypertension in women.
Ontogenetic Differences in Dietary Fat Influence Microbiota Assembly in the Zebrafish Gut
Authors: Wong Sandi , Stephens W. Zac , Burns Adam R. , Stagaman Keaton , David Lawrence A. , Bohannan Brendan J. M. , Guillemin Karen , Rawls John F. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT
Gut microbiota influence the development and physiology of their animal hosts, and these effects are determined in part by the composition of these microbial communities. Gut microbiota composition can be affected by introduction of microbes from the environment, changes in the gut habitat during development, and acute dietary alterations. However, little is known about the relationship between gut and environmental microbiotas or about how host development and dietary differences during development impact the assembly of gut microbiota. We sought to explore these relationships using zebrafish, an ideal model because they are constantly immersed in a defined environment and can be fed the same diet for their entire lives. We conducted a cross-sectional study in zebrafish raised on a high-fat, control, or low-fat diet and used bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing to survey microbial communities in the gut and external environment at different developmental ages. Gut and environmental microbiota compositions rapidly diverged following the initiation of feeding and became increasingly different as zebrafish grew under conditions of a constant diet. Different dietary fat levels were associated with distinct gut microbiota compositions at different ages. In addition to alterations in individual bacterial taxa, we identified putative assemblages of bacterial lineages that covaried in abundance as a function of age, diet, and location. These results reveal dynamic relationships between dietary fat levels and the microbial communities residing in the intestine and the surrounding environment during ontogenesis.

IMPORTANCE
The ability of gut microbiota to influence host health is determined in part by their composition. However, little is known about the relationship between gut and environmental microbiotas or about how ontogenetic differences in dietary fat impact gut microbiota composition. We addressed these gaps in knowledge using zebrafish, an ideal model organism because their environment can be thoroughly sampled and they can be fed the same diet for their entire lives. We found that microbial communities in the gut changed as zebrafish aged under conditions of a constant diet and became increasingly different from microbial communities in their surrounding environment. Further, we observed that the amount of fat in the diet had distinct age-specific effects on gut community assembly. These results reveal the complex relationships between microbial communities residing in the intestine and those in the surrounding environment and show that these relationships are shaped by dietary fat throughout the life of animal hosts.
Insufficient Acidification of Autophagosomes Facilitates Group A Streptococcus Survival and Growth in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Lu Shiou-Ling , Kuo Chih-Feng , Chen Hao-Wen , Yang Yi-Shuan , Liu Ching-Chuan , Anderson Robert , Wu Jiunn-Jong , Lin Yee-Shin 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an important human pathogen, and its invasion via blood vessels is critically important in serious events such as bacteremia or multiorgan failure. Although GAS was identified as an extracellular bacterium, the internalization of GAS into nonphagocytic cells may provide a strategy to escape from immune surveillance and antibiotic killing. However, GAS has also been reported to induce autophagy and is efficiently killed within lysosome-fused autophagosomes in epithelial cells. In this study, we show that GAS can replicate in endothelial cells and that streptolysin O is required for GAS growth. Bacterial replication can be suppressed by altering GAS gene expression in an acidic medium before internalization into endothelial cells. The inhibitory effect on GAS replication can be reversed by treatment with bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H
+
-ATPase. Compared with epithelial cells in which acidification causes autophagy-mediated clearance of GAS, there was a defect in acidification of GAS-containing vesicles in endothelial cells. Consequently, endothelial cells fail to maintain low pH in GAS-containing autophagosomes, thereby permitting GAS replication inside LAMP-1- and LC3-positive vesicles. Furthermore, treatment of epithelial cells with bafilomycin A1 resulted in defective GAS clearance by autophagy, with subsequent bacterial growth intracellularly. Therefore, low pH is a key factor for autophagy-mediated suppression of GAS growth inside epithelial cells, while defective acidification of GAS-containing vesicles results in bacterial growth in endothelial cells.

IMPORTANCE
Previous reports showed that GAS can induce autophagy and is efficiently killed within lysosome-fused autophagosomes in epithelial cells. In endothelial cells, in contrast, induction of autophagy is not sufficient for GAS killing. In this study, we provide the first evidence that low pH is required to prevent intracellular growth of GAS in epithelial cells and that this mechanism is defective in endothelial cells. Treatment of GAS with low pH altered GAS growth rate and gene expression of virulence factors and resulted in enhanced susceptibility of GAS to intracellular lysosomal killing. Our findings reveal the existence of different mechanisms of host defense against GAS invasion between epithelial and endothelial cells.
Multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of extract of Japanese herbal medicine Daikenchuto to prevent bowel dysfunction after adult liver transplantation (DKB 14 Study)
Authors: Kaido Toshimi , Shimamura Tsuyoshi , Sugawara Yasuhiko , Sadamori Hiroshi , Shirabe Ken , Yamamoto Michio , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: September 2015

IntroductionThis multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial will aim to determine the ability of an extract (TJ-100) of Daikenchuto (traditional Japanese herbal medicine; Kampo) to prevent bowel dysfunction in at least 110 patients after liver transplantation (LT).Methods and analysisThe following co-primary end points will be evaluated on postoperative day 7: total oral and enteral caloric intake, abdominal distension and abdominal pain. The secondary end points will comprise sequential changes of total oral and enteral caloric intake after LT, sequential changes in numeric rating scales for abdominal distension and pain, elapsed time to the first postoperative passage of stool, quality of life assessment using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale score (Japanese version), postoperative liver function, liver regeneration rate, incidence of bacteraemia and bacterial strain, trough level of immunosuppressants, occurrence of acute cellular rejection, discharge or not within 2 months after LT, sequential changes of portal venous flow to the graft and ascites discharge. The two arms of the study will comprise 55 patients per arm.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been conducted according to the CONSORT statement. All participants signed a written consent form, and the study has been approved by the institutional review board of each participating institute and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of 1996. The findings will be disseminated through scientific and professional conferences, and in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberThe DKB 14 Study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registration (UMIN-CTR), Japan (registration number: UMIN000014326) during 2014.