bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effets de protection et de sensibilisation dans la décomposition radiolytique du phosphate de tributyle
Authors: Canva Jane , Pagès Monique 
Published: June 2015

Résumé
La dégradation radiolytique du phosphate de tributyle a été mesurée, pour des mélanges binaires variés, à diverses concentrations et en milieu liquide et solide (cristallisé). Ces expériences ont montré qu'en général, en phase liquide, des composés aromatiques protègent ce solvant alors que certains hydrocarbures saturés (hexane, cyclohexane, dodécane) sensibilisent sa décomposition par les rayonnements ionisante.
Ces effets sont attribués à un transfert d'ionisation du phosphate de tributyle aux composés aromatiques et des composés saturés au phosphate.
La protection par les composés aromatiques a lieu également en phase cristallisée mais l'effet de sensibilisation est éliminé par cristallisation. Protection et sensibilisation ne sont pas observées dans le cas de la photolyse (1850 Å) de TBP.
Par ailleurs, le cyclooctatétraène s'est révélé être un excellent protecteur, beaucoup plus efficace que tous les composés aromatiques que nous avons étudiés. Quant au cyclohexène, dont le potentiel d'ionisation est identique à celui du benzène, son rôle est protecteur contrairement au cyclohexane, mais son efficacité est faible.
The 127I(n, p) 127mTe; 127I(n, p) 127Te and 127I(n, 2n) 126I Mean Fission Neutron Cross Sections
Authors: De Regge P. , Dams R. , Hoste J. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The mean fission neutron cross sections of the 127I(n, p)127mTe; 127I(n, p)127Te and 127I(n, 2n)126I reactions were determined experimentally from the absolute 127mTe, 127Te and 128I activities induced in irradiated potassium iodide. For this purpose a quantitative separation method for tellurium from iodine was developed using liquid-liquid extraction of iodine and precipitation of tellurium by means of hydrazine hydrate. The absolute tellurium activity was measured with a calibrated Geiger-Müller tube whereas the iodine activity was measured by gamma spectrometry.
For the cross sections of the reactions 127I(n, p)127mTe and 127I(n, p)127Te respective values of 11.1 ± 0.2 μbarn and 7.62 ± 0.11 μbarn were obtained. For the cross section of the reaction 127I(n, 2n)126I a value of 0.647 + 0.010 μbarn was found.
Some Chain Yields in the Asymmetric Fission of Thorium-232 Induced by 3 and 14.7 MeV Neutrons
Authors: Lyle S. J. , Martin G. R. , Rahman Md. M. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Cumulative chain yields for masses 83, 84, 97, 99, 129, 132, 143 and 145 are reported for fission induced in thorium-232 by 3 MeV neutrons. Yields for 14.7 MeV neutron induced fission for the same masses except 132 and 143 but including 131 were also measured. At each initial excitation energy the number of secondary neutrons emitted by several pairs of complementary fragments was calculated; values from 2.3 to 2.4 (at 3 MeV) and 3.6 to 4.0 (at 14 MeV) in good agreement with average published values were obtained. An assessment of the positions of the light and heavy peak maxima suggests that the latter shifts more than the former towards lower masses with increase in initial excitation energy. Implications of this result are discussed.
A Vida sem princípios, de Henry David Thoreau
Authors: Costa Jaime Becerra 
Published: June 2015

A vida sem princípios é um ensaio que reúne as reflexões e críticas recorrentes de Thoreau. Trata-se, também, do único ensaio ao qual Thoreau dedicará atenção continuada durante toda a sua vida. O tema central do ensaio é a relação da economia com a vida e, mais especificamente, o preço que os seres humanos precisam de pagar para criar riqueza. Um conceito já não relacionado com a ideia de saúde, criação de bem-estar, mas com a ideia de consecução de meios e fins materiais. Neste ensaio, Thoreau analisa e critica a nova consideração pós-industrial do trabalho desde uma perspectiva transcendentalista. A procura de Thoreau das coisas autenticamente essenciais para o fim último da vida leva-o a uma reavaliação da noção de trabalho face a uma predominante república que transforma todo cidadão num súbito.DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.34.2.1861
La travesía femenina en la leyenda de Tristán e Iseo
Authors: Campos García Rojas Axayácatl 
Published: June 2015

<p> </p><p>Resumen:</p> <p>Se analiza el motivo de la <em>travesía femenina</em> en episodios de la leyenda de Tristán e Iseo, concretamente en las versiones hispánicas (1501 y 1534). Se centra en el personaje de Iseo y los simbolismos tradicionales de los elementos que constituyen el motivo: el agua, el mar, la nave, la travesía y la experiencia sexual vivida.</p> <p>Palabras clave: Iseo, Isolda, travesía, femenino, agua.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>Abstract: <strong> </strong></p> <p>This article analyses the motif of <em>feminine</em> <em>crossing of the sea</em> in Hispanic texts of Tristan tradition (1501 and 1534). It focuses on the character of Isolde and it also studies the traditional symbolism of the elements that constitute the motif: water, sea, ship, journey, and sexual experience.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>Kew Words: Isolde, travel, woman, water, sea.</p>
National assessment of soil erosion and its spatial patterns in china
Authors: Rao Enming , Xiao Yi , Ouyang Zhiyun , Yu Xinxiao 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

The spatial patterns of soil erosion (SE) are an important part of ecological security patterns and critical to erosion control. We assessed the SE and its spatial distribution in China based on geographic information system (GIS) and spatial data sets using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The soil erosion area (SEA) and soil erosion amount (SEM) totaled 173.06 million ha and 8.87 billion Mg, respectively, with an average soil erosion rate (SER) of 9.39 Mg·ha
−1
·yr
−1
. Slight erosion dominated from the aspect of SEA, whereas extreme erosion contributed the most in terms of SEM. Spatial heterogeneity in soil erosion was obvious in China, with heavily eroded areas mainly concentrated in the Loess Plateau, the Three Gorges reservoir area, and the hot, dry valley of the Jinsha River. Regionally, the provinces of Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Guizhou, and Guangxi, and the basins of the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and southwestern rivers made a large contribution to the SEA and SEM. Geographically, soil erosion increased, then decreased with increasing slope and elevation. Slopes of 15–25° and 8–15° and elevations of 1000–2000 m were the most seriously eroded. Cropland and grassland ecosystems were major sources of SE, with their SEA and SEM accounting for 64.44% and 77.96% of the total. This study revealed the current situation and spatial characteristics of SE in China on the national scale, which can serve as a scientific basis for regional SE control and decision‐making policy.
Associations Between Sex Hormone Levels and Periodontitis in Men: Results From NHANES III
Authors: Steffens Joao Paulo , Wang Xiaoshan , Starr Jacqueline R. , Spolidorio Luis Carlos , Van Dyke Thomas E. , Kantarci Alpdogan 
Published: June 2015

Background: Sex hormones are linked to inflammation and bone turnover. The goal of this study is to explore the association between sex hormone levels and periodontitis in men using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).Methods: Data from 755 men (aged ≥30 years), including serum levels of testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin, and androstenediol glucuronide, were analyzed. Calculated bioavailable testosterone (CBT) and estradiol‐to‐testosterone ratio were calculated. Periodontitis was defined using the latest classification of extent and severity of periodontitis for NHANES data (≥2 interproximal sites with ≥3 mm attachment loss, ≥2 interproximal sites with probing depth [PD] ≥4 mm not on the same tooth, or one site with PD ≥5 mm). Sex hormones were evaluated as categorized and continuous variables. Correlations between the presence and severity of periodontitis and levels of sex hormones were determined and expressed as odds ratios (ORs).Results: When adjusted for confounding factors, high total testosterone (TT) and CBT levels correlated with both the prevalence (OR [95% confidence interval (CI)], 2.1 [1 to 4.5] and 3.9 [1 to 14.8], respectively) and severity (OR [95% CI], 2.1 [1 to 4.3] and 3.4 [1.2 to 9.8]) of periodontitis. When continuous variables were used, the ORs (95% CIs) for presence and severity of periodontitis were 1.4 (0.6 to 3.3) and 1.5 (0.6 to 3.6) for TT and 1.3 (0.9 to 1.9) and 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) for CBT, respectively.Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the existence of an association of periodontitis with sex hormone levels, especially testosterone, in men.
Local Public Health Department Characteristics Associated With Likelihood to Participate in National Accreditation
Authors: Yeager Valerie A. , Ferdinand Alva O. , Beitsch Leslie M. , Menachemi Nir 
Published: June 2015

Objectives. We examined factors associated with completing, initiating, or intending to pursue voluntary national accreditation among local health departments (LHDs). Methods. We examined National Association of County and City Health Officials 2010 and 2013 profile data in a pooled cross-sectional design with bivariate and multivariable regression analyses. We conducted individual multivariable models with interest in accreditation and likely to accredit as outcome variables, comparing changes between 2010 and 2013. Results. LHDs with formal quality improvement programs are significantly more likely to have initiated or completed the accreditation process (odds ratio [OR] = 7.99; confidence interval [CI] = 1.79, 35.60), to be likely to accredit (OR = 2.41; CI = 1.65, 3.50), or to report an interest in accreditation (OR = 2.32; CI = 1.67, 3.20). Interest was lower among LHDs in 2013 than in 2010 (OR = 0.56; CI = 0.41, 0.77); however, there was no difference regarding being likely to accredit. LHDs with a high number of full-time equivalent employees were more likely to indicate being likely to accredit or interest in accreditation. Conclusions. Quality improvement may facilitate the accreditation process or be a proxy measure for an unmeasurable LHD attribute that predicts accreditation.
Prevalence of Inadequate Hydration Among US Children and Disparities by Gender and Race/Ethnicity: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2012
Authors: Kenney Erica L. , Long Michael W. , Cradock Angie L. , Gortmaker Steven L. 
Published: June 2015

Objectives. We evaluated the hydration status of US children and adolescents. Methods. The sample included 4134 participants aged 6 to 19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2012. We calculated mean urine osmolality and the proportion with inadequate hydration (urine osmolality > 800 mOsm/kg). We calculated multivariable regression models to estimate the associations between demographic factors, beverage intake, and hydration status. Results. The prevalence of inadequate hydration was 54.5%. Significantly higher urine osmolality was observed among boys (+92.0 mOsm/kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 69.5, 114.6), non-Hispanic Blacks (+67.6 mOsm/kg; 95% CI = 31.5, 103.6), and younger children (+28.5 mOsm/kg; 95% CI = 8.1, 48.9) compared with girls, Whites, and older children, respectively. Boys (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.49, 2.07) and non-Hispanic Blacks (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.74) were also at significantly higher risk for inadequate hydration. An 8-fluid-ounce daily increase in water intake was associated with a significantly lower risk of inadequate hydration (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.93, 0.98). Conclusions. Future research should explore drivers of gender and racial/ethnic disparities and solutions for improving hydration status.
Comprehensive US Statewide Smoke-Free Indoor Air Legislation and Secondhand Smoke Exposure, Asthma Prevalence, and Related Doctor Visits: 2007–2011
Authors: Lin Hsien-Chang , Park Ji-Yeun , Seo Dong-Chul 
Published: June 2015

Objectives. We evaluated the impact of comprehensive statewide smoke-free indoor air laws on secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, asthma prevalence, and asthma-related doctor visits. Methods. We used the 2007–2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data sets. We employed a paired t test to determine whether comprehensive statewide smoke-free indoor air laws reduced SHS exposure. We performed weighted logistic and Poisson regressions to obtain likelihood of reporting asthma symptoms and incidence rate ratio (IRR) of doctor visits owing to severe asthma symptoms. Results. After such laws were enacted, people in states with comprehensive smoke-free indoor air laws had a lower level of SHS exposure (P < .01), decreased odds of reporting current asthma symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.51, 0.63), and a decreased frequency of doctor’s visits owing to severe asthma symptoms (IRR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.69, 0.92) than did their counterparts in fully adjusted models. Conclusions. Comprehensive statewide smoke-free indoor air laws appear to be effective in reducing SHS exposure and improving asthma outcomes. Regulations requiring smoke-free indoor environments and public areas are beneficial, and smoke-free indoor air laws should be enforced in all states.
Love, Trust, and HIV Risk Among Female Sex Workers and Their Intimate Male Partners
Authors: Syvertsen Jennifer L. , Bazzi Angela Robertson , Martinez Gustavo , Rangel M. Gudelia , Ulibarri Monica D. , Fergus Kirkpatrick B. , Amaro Hortensia , Strathdee Steffanie A. 
Published: June 2015

Objectives. We examined correlates of love and trust among female sex workers and their noncommercial male partners along the Mexico–US border. Methods. From 2011 to 2012, 322 partners in Tijuana and Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, completed assessments of love and trust. Cross-sectional dyadic regression analyses identified associations of relationship characteristics and HIV risk behaviors with love and trust. Results. Within 161 couples, love and trust scores were moderately high (median 70/95 and 29/40 points, respectively) and correlated with relationship satisfaction. In regression analyses of HIV risk factors, men and women who used methamphetamine reported lower love scores, whereas women who used heroin reported slightly higher love. In an alternate model, men with concurrent sexual partners had lower love scores. For both partners, relationship conflict was associated with lower trust. Conclusions. Love and trust are associated with relationship quality, sexual risk, and drug use patterns that shape intimate partners’ HIV risk. HIV interventions should consider the emotional quality of sex workers’ intimate relationships.
National and State Treatment Need and Capacity for Opioid Agonist Medication-Assisted Treatment
Authors: Jones Christopher M. , Campopiano Melinda , Baldwin Grant , McCance-Katz Elinore 
Published: June 2015

Objectives. We estimated national and state trends in opioid agonist medication-assisted treatment (OA-MAT) need and capacity to identify gaps and inform policy decisions. Methods. We generated national and state rates of past-year opioid abuse or dependence, maximum potential buprenorphine treatment capacity, number of patients receiving methadone from opioid treatment programs (OTPs), and the percentage of OTPs operating at 80% capacity or more using Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration data. Results. Nationally, in 2012, the rate of opioid abuse or dependence was 891.8 per 100 000 people aged 12 years or older compared with national rates of maximum potential buprenorphine treatment capacity and patients receiving methadone in OTPs of, respectively, 420.3 and 119.9. Among states and the District of Columbia, 96% had opioid abuse or dependence rates higher than their buprenorphine treatment capacity rates; 37% had a gap of at least 5 per 1000 people. Thirty-eight states (77.6%) reported at least 75% of their OTPs were operating at 80% capacity or more. Conclusions. Significant gaps between treatment need and capacity exist at the state and national levels. Strategies to increase the number of OA-MAT providers are needed.
Enhancing Syndromic Surveillance With Online Respondent-Driven Detection
Authors: Stein Mart L. , van Steenbergen Jim E. , Buskens Vincent , van der Heijden Peter G. M , Koppeschaar Carl E. , Bengtsson Linus , Thorson Anna , Kretzschmar Mirjam E. E 
Published: June 2015

Objectives. We investigated the feasibility of combining an online chain recruitment method (respondent-driven detection) and participatory surveillance panels to collect previously undetected information on infectious diseases via social networks of participants. Methods. In 2014, volunteers from 2 large panels in the Netherlands were invited to complete a survey focusing on symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections and to invite 4 individuals they had met in the preceding 2 weeks to take part in the study. We compared sociodemographic characteristics among panel participants, individuals who volunteered for our survey, and individuals recruited via respondent-driven detection. Results. Starting from 1015 panel members, the survey spread through all provinces of the Netherlands and all age groups in 83 days. A total of 433 individuals completed the survey via peer recruitment. Participants who reported symptoms were 6.1% (95% confidence interval = 5.4, 6.9) more likely to invite contact persons than were participants who did not report symptoms. Participants with symptoms invited more symptomatic recruits to take part than did participants without symptoms. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that online respondent-driven detection can enhance identification of symptomatic patients by making use of individuals’ local social networks.
The GRI Staged Field Experiment
Authors: Holditch S. A. , Robinson B. M. , Whitehead W. S. , Ely J. W. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
The Gas Research Institute's (GRI) Tight Gas Sands Program has been involved with research on low permeability formations during the past four years. The main focus of the research has been to improve the general understanding of producing tight reservoirs, while a specific focus has been to advance the technology involving hydraulic fracture geometry. The unique aspect of this research is that the laboratories have been actual gas wells completed in the Travis Peak formation in East Texas.
To fully extend the development of technology, GRI has planned four Staged Field Experiments (SFE) from 1986 through 1989. The SFE program provides the opportunity to collect a wealth of data that cannot be obtained from normal cooperative research wells. The purpose of this paper is to summarize all the tests and data collected on the first SFE and to present the available results from the analyses of these data.
Dynamic Etching Tests Aid Fracture Acidizing Treatment Design
Authors: Anderson M. S. , Fredrickson S. E. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Satisfactory stimulation of oil and gas bearing formations by "fracture acidizing" is dependent upon development of adequate fracture conductivity in naturally occurring or hydraulically induced fractures. The created fracture conductivity is a result of the action of acid on the exposed fracture face. Some of the kinetic parameters which will influence the resultant conductivity are acid type and strength, reaction temperature, reaction time, and flow regime. These parameters are treatment design variables which can be used to optimize fracture acidizing treatments. Formation characteristics will be equally important, and in many cases, more critical than the kinetic parameters. Some of the formation parameters which will affect the development of fracture conductivity are the mineralogical composition, degree of homogeneity, hardness, and closure stress.
Equipment has been developed to allow realistic laboratory simulation of dynamic etching during the fracture acidizing process. Dynamic etching tests can be used to determine the feasibility of an acid treatment, as well as allowing optimization of the treatment parameters discussed above. Equipment construction allows evaluation of all strengths and forms of acids —e.g. non-gelled, gelled, foamed, emulsified, or chemically retarded — to be evaluated at temperatures up to 375°F, and at closure stress levels up to 12,000 psi. Any type of formation core may be evaluated.
Recent improvements in dynamic etching tests have allowed successful stimulation of difficult to treat formations such as cold dolomites, chalks, formations with low acid solubilities, and uniform carbonates.
From Bean Counters to Bean Growers: Accountants as Data Analysts—A Customer Profitability Example
Authors: Pickard Matthew D. , Cokins Gary 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Extensive data mining and analytics (DM&A) are increasingly requisite for companies to be competitive in this age of information. This demand, combined with (1) accountants' reputation for understanding and generating quality data, and (2) the increased accessibility of DM&A tools, has created a unique opportunity for accountants to play a larger strategic role in their organization. We argue that accountants should own and drive a larger part of the DM&A that occurs in their organization. To support this vision, we introduce a data mining technique called recursive partitioning. We illustrate how it can be applied to a large customer costing and profit dataset to identify the characteristics that differentiate more and less profitable customers. We discuss how the output of the recursive partitioning algorithm (a binary decision tree) can be used to increase customer profitability and identify future profitable customers. We conclude by suggesting and discussing some of the obstacles and research opportunities that this vision presents to the accounting field.
Mandibular vertical asymmetry in adult orthodontic patients with different vertical growth patterns: A cone beam computed tomography study
Authors: Celik Salih , Celikoglu Mevlut , Buyuk Suleyman K. , Sekerci A. Ercan 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate condylar and ramal vertical asymmetry in adult orthodontic patients with different vertical growth patterns and a clinically normal sagittal skeletal pattern using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
The study sample consisted of 101 adult orthodontic patients (48 men and 53 women) divided into three groups according to their vertical growth patterns: high- (33 patients; mean age, 25.06 ± 6.05 years), low- (34 patients; mean age, 24.88 ± 5.22 years), and normal-angle (34 patients; mean age, 24.14 ± 4.26 years) groups. Condylar, ramal, condylar plus ramal height, and index measurements were performed using CBCT images and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference in height measurements between right and left sides in each group, except a slight difference of approximately 0.5 mm for condylar height (CH) in the low-angle group (P &lt; .05). No statistically significant gender differences were found for the values (P &gt; .05). In the high-angle group, the ramal height (RH) and condylar plus ramal height (CH + RH) on both sides were found to be less than those of the low- (P &lt; .001) and normal-angle groups (P &lt; .017 and P &gt; .017, respectively), and the asymmetry index values were slightly higher than those of the low- and normal-angle groups (P &gt; .05).

Conclusions:
The high-angle group showed statistically significantly smaller values of RH and CH + RH on both sides and statistically insignificantly higher asymmetry index values than the low- and normal-angle groups.