bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticoagulant medication errors in nursing homes: Characteristics, causes, outcomes, and association with patient harm
Authors: Desai Rishi J. , Williams Charlotte E. , Greene Sandra B. , Pierson Stephanie , Hansen Richard A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAppropriate and safe use of medications is an important aspect of quality of care in nursing home patients. Because of their complex medication use process, anticoagulants are prone to medication errors in the frail elderly. Therefore, we designed this study to characterize anticoagulant medication errors and to evaluate their association with patient harm using individual medication error incidents reported by all North Carolina nursing homes to the Medication Error Quality Initiative (MEQI) during fiscal years 2010–2011. Characteristics, causes, and specific outcomes of harmful anticoagulant medication errors were reported as frequencies and proportions and compared between anticoagulant errors and other medication errors using chi‐square tests. A multivariate logistic regression model explored the relationship between anticoagulant medication errors and patient harm, controlling for patient‐ and error‐related factors.
Healthcare risk management challenges created by federal regulation of electronic medical records and care management
Authors: Hofert James , Bossen Roy , Schramm Linnea , Dowell Michael 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHealth information technology (HIT) continues to evolve at an ever accelerating pace. Recent federal legislation has encouraged the widespread adoption of electronic record systems in the healthcare environment.1 The federal government recognizes that advanced electronic health record (EHR) systems with clinical decision support (CDS) functionalities have the potential to offer numerous benefits to the quality of patient care.2
Integrative effect of defective interfering RNA accumulation and helper virus attenuation is responsible for the persistent infection of Japanese encephalitis virus in BHK‐21 cells
Authors: Park Soo Young , Choi Eunmi , Jeong Yong Seok 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPersistence of RNA viruses is often, but not always, associated with the production of defective interfering (DI) particles. To investigate possible roles of DI particles and helper viruses in RNA virus persistence, persistent infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was established in baby hamster kidney (BHK‐21) cells. At the 6th and 7th serial undiluted passages of JEV on BHK‐21 cells, viral persistence was established spontaneously with DI RNA generation. Seven cell clones exhibiting persistent infection were obtained from the initial BHK‐21 cell batches exhibiting JEV persistence, and maintained for over 400 days. Most cell clones produced infectious particles (101–105 PFU/ml) continuously, expressed viral proteins, and resisted homologous superinfection. Two helper viruses, chvBS6‐3 and chvBS7‐1, were isolated from two of the seven cell clones, and characterized to investigate their roles in JEV persistence. While chvBS6‐3 was restored to its full cytopathicity in the absence of DI RNA, chvBS7‐1 exhibited almost no cytopathicity, regardless of DI RNA co‐replication. Attenuation of chvBS7‐1 did not appear to be due to inadequate adsorption or genome replication, but due to inefficient egress of the assembled progeny virions, suggesting altered helper virus emergence during JEV persistence in BHK‐21 cells. These observations suggest that at least two mechanisms are involved in JEV persistence; a DI RNA‐dependent mechanism, where DI RNA co‐replication nullifies the helper virus's cytopathicity, or a DI RNA‐independent mechanism, where the helper virus is self‐attenuated. This study provides a useful in vitro tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying RNA virus persistent infections.J Med. Virol. 85:1990–2000, 2013.© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Family–work conflict and job performance: A diary study of boundary conditions and mechanisms
Authors: Nohe Christoph , Michel Alexandra , Sonntag Karlheinz 
Published: July 2013

SummaryIn this study, we used a within‐person daily research paradigm to examine the relationship between daily family–work conflict (FWC) and daily job performance. On the basis of theory on dynamic behavior, we hypothesized that concentration serves as a mechanism through which daily FWC impairs daily job performance. We further predicted that psychological detachment from work during time‐off (i.e., mentally switching off) buffers the negative relationship between daily FWC and daily job performance. Ninety‐five employees completed daily surveys over one workweek. Multilevel modeling results showed that daily FWC was negatively associated with daily job performance and that concentration mediated this relationship. Furthermore, general psychological detachment, but not daily psychological detachment, buffered the negative relationship between daily FWC and daily job performance. The current findings suggest that daily FWC has negative performance implications and that the general level rather than the daily level of psychological detachment from work helps alleviate the negative implications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Luminescent Polymer Consisting of 9,12‐Linked o‐Carborane
Authors: Tominaga Masato , Morisaki Yasuhiro , Chujo Yoshiki 
Published: July 2013

The synthesis of novel luminescent polymer containing p‐phenylene‐ethynylene and 9,12‐linked o‐carborane units alternately in the main chain is reported. The obtained polymer exhibits intense blue photoluminescence, providing the first insights into the optical properties of a 9,12‐disubstituted o‐carborane dye. π‐Conjugated substituent at 9 and/or 12‐positions in o‐carborane is electrically independent, and both the HOMO and the LUMO levels slightly increase, whereas LUMO of the π‐conjugated substituent at 1 and/or 2‐positions in o‐carborane decrease. Thus, it is deduced that polymers consisting of the 9,12‐linked o‐carborane unit are able to be applied as light‐emitting materials.
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Responsive DNA‐Based Hydrogels and Their Applications
Authors: Xiong Xiangling , Wu Cuichen , Zhou Cuisong , Zhu Guizhi , Chen Zhuo , Tan Weihong 
Published: July 2013

The term hydrogel describes a type of soft and wet material formed by cross‐linked hydrophilic polymers. The distinct feature of hydrogels is their ability to absorb a large amount of water and swell. The properties of a hydrogel are usually determined by the chemical properties of their constituent polymer(s). However, a group of hydrogels, called “smart hydrogels,” changes properties in response to environmental changes or external stimuli. Recently, DNA or DNA‐inspired responsive hydrogels have attracted considerable attention in construction of smart hydrogels because of the intrinsic advantages of DNA. As a biological polymer, DNA is hydrophilic, biocompatible, and highly programmable by Watson‐Crick base pairing. DNA can form a hydrogel by itself under certain conditions, and it can also be incorporated into synthetic polymers to form DNA‐hybrid hydrogels. Functional DNAs, such as aptamers and DNAzymes, provide additional molecular recognition capabilities and versatility. In this Review, DNA‐based hydrogels are discussed in terms of their stimulus response, as well as their applications.
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Statistical modelling of surface roughness of aluminium alloy and brass alloy
Authors: Šimunović K. , Šimunović G. , Šarić T. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis paper deals with the statistical modelling of surface roughness of face milled aluminium alloy and brass. By the application of central composite design and statistical analysis of experimental data, a regression model has been developed to calculate the surface roughness relating to three quantitative factors (depth of cut, feed rate and number of revolutions) and one qualitative factor (material type). A significant quadratic regression model with nonsignificant lack of fit has been derived. Also, for each level of qualitative factor (aluminium alloy and brass) regression models have been developed to predict surface roughness as a function of three numerical factors (depth of cut, feed rate and number of revolutions).
A study of heat treatment of high‐boron high‐speed steel roll
Authors: Cen Q. , Fu H. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHigh‐boron high‐speed steel (HSS) is a cheap roll material. In the paper, the authors research the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of high‐boron high‐speed steel HSS roll containing 0.54% C, 1.96% B, 3.82% W, 7.06% Mo, 5.23% Cr and 2.62% Al by means of the optical microscopy (OM), the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and hardness test. The results showed that as‐cast structure of boron‐bearing high‐speed steel HSS consisted of martensite, pearlite, M2(B, C), M3(B, C) and M23(B, C)6 type borocarbides. After quenching, the matrix transformed into the lath martensite, and M3(B, C) dissolved into the matrix. When quenching temperature is lower than 1050°C, the hardness is increased with the increase of quenching temperature under oil cooling, while quenching temperature excels 1100°C, the hardness will decrease with the increase of quenching temperature. Under the condition of salt bath and air cooling, the effect of quenching temperature on the hardness is similar to the above law, but the quenching temperature obtaining the highest hardness is higher than that of oil cooling. The highest hardness is obtained while tempering at 525°C. The hardness of high‐boron high‐speed steel HSS roll is 66.5 HRC, and its impact toughness excels 13.1 J/cm2. Using in pre‐finishing stands of high‐speed hot wire‐rod rolling mill, the wear rate of high‐boron HSS rolls is 0.26 mm/one thousand tons steel. However the manufacturing cost of high‐boron HSS rolls is obviously lower than that of powder metallurgy hard alloy rolls, it is only 28% of that of powder metallurgy (PM) hard alloy rolls.
Investigations of electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) materials – a comparison of test methods
Authors: Lämmel C. , Schneider M. , Weiser M. , Michaelis A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA comparison between various methods for determining the capacitance and resistance of electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC) with cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), galvanostatic charge‐discharge methods and cell voltage jump experiments are presented. Therefore, a commercially available electrochemical double layer capacitor was used. For the validation of the screw cell measurements the electrode foils were isolated and extracted from the commercial capacitor. The results support the adequacy of the screw cell tests for electrode materials on a laboratory scale. The comparison of methods shows in part strong differences. The reasons will therefore be discussed. Consequently, the determination of specific values requires methods which respect the influence of the actual tests or measurement frequency and exhibit the importance of an internationally accepted specification for electrochemical double layer capacitors material investigation.
Subthalamus deep brain stimulation for primary dystonia patients: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Cao Chunyan , Pan Yixin , Li Dianyou , Zhan Shikun , Zhang Jing , Sun Bomin 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundDeep brain stimulation has generated sustained improvement in motor function for patients with dystonia, but the long‐term impact of subthalamic nucleus stimulation on dystonia has not been elucidated.MethodsPatients with primary dystonia underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation and were evaluated with the Burke–Fahn–Marsden dystonia rating scale and the Medical Outcomes Study 36‐item Short‐Form General Health Survey at baseline and 1 month, 1 year, and 3 to 10 years postoperatively.ResultsImprovements in motor function according to the Burke–Fahn–Marsden dystonia rating scale at 1 month, 1 year, and 3 to 10 years of stimulation were 55%, 77%, and 79%, respectively. The quality of life improved after 1 month of stimulation (P < 0.001), progressed within 1 year (P < 0.001), and then remained stable. Disease duration was negatively correlated with an improvement in motor function.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the subthalamus is an alternative to the globus pallidus internus as a target for deep brain stimulation to treat primary dystonia. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Weakly enforced essential boundary conditions for NURBS‐embedded and trimmed NURBS geometries on the basis of the finite cell method
Authors: Ruess M. , Schillinger D. , Bazilevs Y. , Varduhn V. , Rank E. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYEnforcing essential boundary conditions plays a central role in immersed boundary methods. Nitsche's idea has proven to be a reliable concept to satisfy weakly boundary and interface constraints. We formulate an extension of Nitsche's method for elasticity problems in the framework of higher order and higher continuity approximation schemes such as the B‐spline and non‐uniform rational basis spline version of the finite cell method or isogeometric analysis on trimmed geometries. Furthermore, we illustrate a significant improvement of the flexibility and applicability of this extension in the modeling process of complex 3D geometries. With several benchmark problems, we demonstrate the overall good convergence behavior of the proposed method and its good accuracy. We provide extensive studies on the stability of the method, its influence parameters and numerical properties, and a rearrangement of the numerical integration concept that in many cases reduces the numerical effort by a factor two. A newly composed boundary integration concept further enhances the modeling process and allows a flexible, discretization‐independent introduction of boundary conditions. Finally, we present our strategy in the framework of the modeling and isogeometric analysis process of trimmed non‐uniform rational basis spline geometries. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An XFEM frame for plate elements in yield line analyses
Authors: Xu Jin , Lee C.K. , Tan K.H. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYA high gradient zone (HGZ) comes into existence in both rotation and deflection displacement fields in the vicinity of a yield line in a plate structure with elastoplastic material. This HGZ makes the displacements non‐smooth locally around the yield line. The Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) has been proved to be an effective numerical method to capture the behavior of a structure with a locally non‐smooth displacement field. In this article, a six‐node triangular and a nine‐node quadrilateral Mindlin–Reissner plate element with the XFEM formulation are presented to trace the elastoplastic behavior of a plate in small‐deformation analyses. Regularized enrichments are employed to enrich the rotation and the deflection displacement approximation fields simultaneously so that the non‐smoothness in a displacement field near a yield line can be captured. The discrete shear gap method is adopted to alleviate shear locking phenomena in the present XFEM plate element. Several plate bending examples are simulated to show the robustness of the enrichment to capture the HGZ resulted from yield lines and the effectiveness of the application of discrete shear gap method in controlling the shear locking in the XFEM plate element. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficiency of high‐order elements for continuous and discontinuous Galerkin methods
Authors: Huerta Antonio , Angeloski Aleksandar , Roca Xevi , Peraire Jaime 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYTo evaluate the computational performance of high‐order elements, a comparison based on operation count is proposed instead of runtime comparisons. More specifically, linear versus high‐order approximations are analyzed for implicit solver under a standard set of hypotheses for the mesh and the solution. Continuous and discontinuous Galerkin methods are considered in two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional domains for simplices and parallelotopes. Moreover, both element‐wise and global operations arising from different Galerkin approaches are studied. The operation count estimates show, that for implicit solvers, high‐order methods are more efficient than linear ones. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social marketing on AIDS: using Transtheoretical model to understand current condom usage among commercial drivers in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Tweneboah‐Koduah Ernest Yaw , Owusu‐Frimpong Nana 
Published: July 2013

This is an exploratory research to utilise the Transtheoretical model to assess condom usage intentions among commercial drivers in Ghana. A convenience‐based non‐probability sampling method was employed, and a face‐to‐face questionnaire was administered on 132 commercial drivers in Accra. The analysis of variance and one sample t‐test statistical method was employed to establish relationship between variables based on the Transtheoretical model. The result reveals that over 71.9% of commercial drivers are at precontemplation, contemplation and preparation stages. This means that most commercial drivers interviewed have not yet taken action to use condoms to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS. The findings of the study constitute a series of marketing ideas, useful in decision making with social marketing organisations.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Death in Flames: Human Remains from a Domestic House Fire from Early Iron Age, Denmark
Authors: Harvig L. , Kveiborg J. , Lynnerup N. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis paper presents osteoarchaeological analyses of the human skeletal material from a burnt down house in Jutland, Denmark, dated to the first century bc. We describe how the osteological analyses of this complex site were approached and illustrate how we reconstructed the death of the human victims. Besides basic osteological analyses, we also tried to reconstruct the posture of the deceased humans using 12‐in. posable wooden mannequins. Along with bones from several domestic animals, skeletal elements from six human individuals were recovered. All individuals were located in the eastern end of the house—the byre end. The demographic structure indicates a small family household. Our posture reconstruction further proposes that they did not die of asphyxiation while sleeping: At least two of the individuals were lying face down, trying to protect themselves. Two other individuals were lying on their side in crouching positions, which cannot be ruled out as examples of pugilistic attitude. However, we suggest this is rather unlikely. The humans could have died as they failed to rescue their invaluable animals from the fire. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design and methods of a postmarketing pharmacoepidemiology study assessing long‐term safety of Prolia® (denosumab) for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Xue Fei , Ma Haijun , Stehman‐Breen Catherine , Haller Christine , Katz Leonid , Wagman Rachel B. , Critchlow Cathy W. ,   for the Denosumab Global Safety Assessment Team
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTPurposeTo describe the rationale and methods for a prospective, open‐cohort study assessing the long‐term safety of Prolia® for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) in postmarketing settings.MethodsData will be derived from United States Medicare, United Healthcare, and Nordic (Denmark, Sweden, Norway) national registries. Observation will begin on the date of first Prolia® regulatory approval (May 26, 2010) and continue for 10 years. Women with PMO will be identified by postmenopausal age, osteoporosis diagnosis, osteoporotic fracture, or osteoporosis treatment. Exposure to Prolia® and bisphosphonates will be updated during follow‐up; exposure cohorts will be defined based on patient‐years during which patients are on‐ or post‐treatment. Nine adverse events (AEs) will be assessed based on diagnosis codes: osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), atypical femoral fracture (AFF), fracture healing complications, hypocalcemia, infection, dermatologic AEs, acute pancreatitis, hypersensitivity, and new primary malignancy. Medical review will confirm selected potential cases of ONJ and AFF. Incidence rates (IRs) of AEs will be described overall and for exposure cohorts; multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models will compare IRs of AEs across exposure cohorts. Utilization patterns of Prolia® for approved, and unapproved indications will be described.ConclusionThis study is based on comprehensive preliminary research and considers methodological challenges specific to the study population. The integrated data systems used in this regulatory committed program can serve as a powerful data resource to assess diverse and rare AEs over time. © 2013 Amgen Inc. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical analysis and chemical imaging of fragrances and volatile compounds by low‐temperature plasma ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Campbell Dahlia I. , Dalgleish Jon K. , Cotte‐Rodriguez Ismael , Maeno Shuji , Graham Cooks R. 
Published: July 2013

RATIONALEThe rapid analysis of volatile compounds, such as fragrances, is important in many commercial industries. The various ambient ionization methods have until now been largely applied to non‐volatile or low‐volatile compounds with success, and this study develops a semi‐quantitative method for volatile compounds in commercial cleaning products.METHODSLow‐temperature plasma (LTP) ionization was used to perform rapid analysis, determine limits of detection (LODs) and perform chemical imaging on eight fragrances. Several mass analyzers including an ion trap, a quadrupole and an orbitrap were used to rapidly screen volatile compounds from cloth, paper, and glass and determine compositions present in a commercial cleaning product. Peltier cooling was used in some cases to enhance the retention time of compounds on a surface.RESULTSThis LTP method allowed the detection of fragrances in low picogram absolute amounts from glass, paper and cloth. Quantitation was demonstrated for compounds in a commercial cleaning product 1 min after the product was applied to a vinyl tile surface. High‐throughput analysis and simultaneous detection of multiple compounds in a mixture were demonstrated with analysis times of less than 1 min. Modest spatial resolution (better than 1 cm) was achieved with LTP ionization.CONCLUSIONSA semi‐quantitative method has been demonstrated for the routine analysis of volatile and semi‐volatile compounds. This method would be useful in quality control and production environments to determine product persistence, location of analytes and to complement olfactory studies for determining concentrations in the ambient environment. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.