bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramolecular C–H Amination Reaction Provides Direct Access to 1,2‐Disubstituted Diamondoids
Authors: Hrdina Radim , Metz Fabian M. , Larrosa Marta , Berndt Jan‐Philipp , Zhygadlo Yevgeniya Y. , Becker Sabine , Becker Jonathan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe present a new approach to disubstituted diamondoids from corresponding carboxylic acids. A dirhodium‐acetate‐catalyzed (1 mol‐%) nitrene insertion reaction of sulfamides was, for the first time, applied to intramolecular C–H functionalization reactions of rigid tricyclic frameworks. This straightforward approach enables the effective and regioselective synthesis of a variety of diamondoid‐based cyclic sulfamidates, which are synthetically valuable building blocks. Reductive deprotection of the sulfamidate moiety leads to corresponding 1,3‐amino alcohol derivatives. Oxidation of the sulfamidate moiety by KMnO4 provides access to 1,3‐keto alcohols or imines. Finally, we report the synthesis of Vildagliptin® analogues as new antidiabetic drug candidates (DPP‐4 inhibitors).
Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Paracetamol and Diclofenac Based on Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Functionalized Graphene
Authors: Okoth Otieno Kevin , Yan Kai , Liu Lan , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA simple but sensitive electrochemical method was proposed for simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PCT) and diclofenac (DCF) based on poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) functionalized graphene (GR). Although GR enhanced the electro‐oxidation peak currents of PCT and DCF, the peak potential difference between two drugs was reduced. By contrast, PDDA‐GR greatly increased the electrochemical currents of both analytes while provided well‐separated peak potentials. Thus, the voltammetric behavior and simultaneous electrochemical determination of PCT and DCF were investigated on PDDA‐GR. The applicability of the proposed method was verified when it was applied in determination of PCT and DCF in pharmaceuticals and lake water.
Highly‐sensitive Electrochemical Determination of Rutin Using NMP‐exfoliated Graphene Nanosheets‐modified Electrode
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Long Jianghua , Sun Dong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractGraphene nanosheets (GS) were prepared through solvent exfoliation, and used to greatly enhance the oxidation activity of rutin. On the surface of GS, a sensitive oxidation wave at 0.26 V was observed for rutin, and the peak currents increased significantly. As a result, a highly sensitive electrochemical method was developed for the determination of rutin. The linear range was from 10 nM to 1.25 μM, and the detection limit was 3.2 nM. It was used in the analysis of traditional Chinese medicines, and the results consisted with the values of that obtained by high performance liquid chromatography.
A Promising Modified SILAR Sequence for the Synthesis of Photoelectrochemically Active Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) Thin Films
Authors: Suryawanshi M. P. , Shin S. W. , Agawane G. L. , Gurav K. V. , Ghorpade U. V. , Hong C. W. , Gaikwad M. A. , Patil P. S. , Kim Jin Hyeok , Moholkar A. V. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA promising modified SILAR sequence approach has been employed for the synthesis of photoelectrochemically active Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films. To study the influence of sulfurization temperatures on the CZTS thin films, the CZTS precursor thin films were annealed at temperatures of 520, 540, 560, and 580 °C for 1 h in an H2S (5 %)+Ar (95 %) atmosphere. These films were characterized for their structural, morphological, and optical properties using X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and UV‐vis spectrophotometer techniques. The film sulfurized at an optimized temperature of 580 °C shows the formation of a prominent CZTS phase with a dense microstructure and optical band gap energy of 1.38 eV. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) device fabricated using optimized CZTS thin films sulfurized at 580 °C exhibits an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.38 V and a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 6.49 mA cm−2, with a power conversion efficiency (η) of 0.96 %.
A multimodal approach to ankle instability: Interrelations between subjective and objective assessments of ankle status in athletes
Authors: Golditz Tobias , Welsch Goetz H. , Pachowsky Milena , Hennig Friedrich F. , Pfeifer Klaus , Steib Simon 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTThe aim of this retrospective cohort study is to investigate the association between different subjective and objective assessments of ankle function in a population of athletes with or without functional ankle instability (FAI). 29 athletes with a history of ankle spraining were divided into two groups according to their ankle status: 16 with FAI (initial ankle sprain with residual functional instability) (age 24.6 ± 3.1 years), and 13 COPERS (initial ankle sprain without residual instability) (age 25.3 ± 4.4 years). The assessment of each individual's ankle function was based on three approaches: The “functional‐ankle‐ability‐measure” (FAAM) assessing subjective ankle functionality, measures of sensorimotor control as objective functional measurements and MRI‐based T2‐mapping as a quantitative marker of compositional joint status. Pearson's product‐moment‐correlation coefficient, student's t‐test and analysis‐of‐variance were used for statistical analysis. Significant group differences existed for subjective ankle function (FAAM, p = 0.04) and MRI‐data mainly in the medial compartment of the ankle joint (p ≤ 0.05). We found unique associations between T2‐mapping results and sensorimotor scores in the COPER (r = −0.756–0.849), and “FAI”‐group (r = 0.630–0.657). The location and magnitude differed between groups. No correlations existed between these measures and the FAAM. This exploratory study provides preliminary evidence for potential interrelations between various diagnostic measures of ankle function and structure in individuals with and without FAI. We found associations between MRI‐results and selected measures of sensorimotor control, indicating a potential link between loss of ankle function and early joint degeneration. Despite these interrelations, each of the different assessment options appears to contain unique information on ankle functionality important in a clinical assessment. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:525–532, 2016.
Quantitative assessment of vestibular otopathology in otosclerosis: A temporal bone study
Authors: Hızlı Ömer , Kaya Serdar , Schachern Patricia A. , Kwon Geeyoun , Paparella Michael M. , Cureoglu Sebahattin 
Published: August 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine if peripheral vestibular otopathology is present in human temporal bones with otosclerosis.Study DesignComparative human temporal bone study.MethodsSeventy‐four human temporal bones from 46 subjects with otosclerosis (mean age of 61 ± 18 years) and 20 within histologically normal limits from 17 subjects (mean age of 59 ± 14 years) were included in this study. Temporal bones with otosclerosis were divided into those with and without endosteal involvement. Using differential interference contrast microscopy at 1008× magnification, type I and type II vestibular hair cell counts were performed on each vestibular sense organ in which the neuroepithelia was oriented perpendicular to the plane of section. The organ‐specific cell densities (cells/0.01 mm2 surface area) were compared between the groups with and without endosteal involvement, and also compared to counts in the nonotosclerosis control group using Student's t‐test.ResultsMean type I and type II hair cell densities of all vestibular structures in the group with endosteal involvement were significantly lower compared to the group without endosteal involvement. Mean type I and type II hair cell densities of all vestibular structures in the group with endosteal involvement were also significantly lower compared to the control group, but they were not in the group without endosteal involvement compared to the control group.ConclusionEndosteal involvement of otosclerotic foci is associated with vestibular hair cell loss that may contribute to the vestibular symptoms in otosclerosis.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 126:E118–E122, 2016
Solvent Effects on Acrylate kp in Organic Media: A Response
Authors: Buback Michael 
Published: August 2015

Radical propagation rate is adequately understood in the light of fundamental kinetic theory. Differences in bulk and solution kp are primarily of entropic origin, with the effects depending on the differences in polarity and size of monomer and solvent molecules, respectively. Experimental data for the propagation rate coefficient of secondary acrylate radicals demonstrate that bulk and solution‐in‐toluene kp exhibit distinctly different behavior. Bulk kp is clearly enhanced in passing from methyl acrylate (MA) to dodecyl acrylate (DA), whereas solution‐in‐toluene kp is approximately constant with a slight tendency to decrease from MA to DA. This kp behavior has also been found in a recent study, in which it has, however, been concluded that kp in solution of toluene (and of butyl acetate) displays a similar behavior to bulk. This surprising and ina­dequate conclusion requires the present comment and rectification to be made.
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Gene expression in WAT from healthy humans and monkeys correlates with FGF21‐induced browning of WAT in mice
Authors: Schlessinger Karni , Li Wenyu , Tan Yejun , Liu Franklin , Souza Sandra C. , Tozzo Effie , Liu Kevin , Thompson John R. , Wang Liangsu , Muise Eric S. 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveIdentify a gene expression signature in white adipose tissue (WAT) that reports on WAT browning and is associated with a healthy phenotype.MethodsRNA from several different adipose depots across three species were analyzed by whole transcriptome profiling, including 1) mouse subcutaneous white fat, brown fat, and white fat after in vivo treatment with FGF21; 2) human subcutaneous and omental fat from insulin‐sensitive and insulin‐resistant patients; and 3) rhesus monkey subcutaneous fat from healthy and dysmetabolic individuals.ResultsA “browning” signature in mice was identified by cross‐referencing the FGF21‐induced signature in WAT with the brown adipose tissue (BAT) vs. WAT comparison. In addition, gene expression levels in WAT from insulin‐sensitive/healthy vs. insulin‐resistant/dysmetabolic humans and rhesus monkeys, respectively, correlated with the gene expression levels in mouse BAT vs. WAT. A subset of 49 genes were identified that were consistently regulated or differentially expressed in the mouse and human data sets that could be used to monitor browning of WAT across species.ConclusionsGene expression profiles of WATs from healthy insulin‐sensitive individuals correlate with those of BAT and FGF21‐induced browning of WAT.
Optimal sequencing of docetaxel and abiraterone in men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Maughan Benjamin L. , Xhou Xian C. , Suzman Daniel L. , Nadal Rosa , Bassi Sunakshi , Schweizer Michael T. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDRecent advances have yielded multiple new life‐prolonging treatments for men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) including chemotherapy, next‐generation hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and radiopharmaceutical products. However, the optimal sequencing of these agents to maximize clinical benefit remains unclear. Recent data from the CHAARTED and STAMPEDE studies suggest that early use of docetaxel in men with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) significantly improves survival, but whether early compared with delayed use of chemotherapy also provides a survival advantage in mCRPC is unknown.METHODSA retrospective analysis of consecutive mCRPC patients treated at Johns Hopkins is reported. Patients included were treated with sequential docetaxel and abiraterone, in either order. The combined progression‐free survival (combined PFS: PFS1 + PFS2) of abiraterone‐to‐docetaxel is compared to the reverse sequence, where PFS1 and PFS2 represent progression‐free survival on the first and second agents respectively. Overall survival (OS) from the start of the first therapy to death is compared between groups. Baseline characteristics are reported prior to the start of the first agent in the sequence. Propensity score‐weighted multivariable models and Kaplan—Meier analysis are used for evaluation of the primary and secondary outcomes.RESULTSFifty‐eight patients who began treatment for mCRPC between January 2011 (the year of abiraterone's FDA‐approval) and February 2015 were identified: 26 were in the docetaxel‐to‐abiraterone group and 32 were in the abiraterone‐to‐docetaxel group. Patients in the abiraterone‐to‐docetaxel group had more Gleason 8–10 tumors, greater metastatic burden in bone, and higher median PSAs than those in the docetaxel‐to‐abiraterone group. Propensity score‐weighted univariate analyses for combined PFS (HR 0.82; 95%CI 0.50–1.33; P = 0.41) and OS (HR 0.79; 95%CI 0.50–1.25; P = 0.31) do not identify any significant differences based on treatment sequence. Propensity score‐weighted multivariate analyses for combined PFS (HR 0.91; 95%CI 0.52–1.60; P = 0.74) and OS (HR 0.98; 95%CI 0.59–1.63; P = 0.95) also do not identify any significant differences between groups.CONCLUSIONSWe do not observe differences in clinical outcomes based on alternative sequencing of abiraterone and docetaxel in men with mCRPC. Treatment sequencing should be determined by patient and disease characteristics, comorbidities and end‐organ function, ability to tolerate side effects, and patient preferences. Studies evaluating biomarkers to inform optimal treatment sequencing in men with mCRPC are urgently needed. Prostate 75:1814–1820, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analyses of the loadbearing behaviour of deep‐embedded concrete dowels, CoSFB
Authors: Braun Matthias , Obiala Renata , Odenbreit Christoph 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe development of the “CoSFB‐Betondübel” is presented in this paper. The “CoSFB‐Betondübel” is a deep‐embedded concrete dowel connecting in situ concrete with a steel section to assure composite action and thus allow for composite beam design. The loadbearing behaviour and parameters influencing this behaviour were determined through experimental tests. Special focus was given to the influence of the ratio of the resistance of the concrete dowel to the concrete compression class. The evaluation of the results concluded in a National Technical Approval [1]. Further investigations were performed via FE analysis in ABAQUS. Further, 3D models with non‐linear material and geometry were prepared and validation undertaken. In addition, a real application example of CoSFB is shown.
Fatigue strength of marked steel components
Authors: Stranghöner Natalie , Jungbluth Dominik 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAccording to EN 1090‐2, steel components have to be identifiable and traceable throughout the whole production chain. The choice of identification method is not specified consistently in international rules and standards. In terms of durability and liability, markings should be resistant to particular fabrication processes such as sandblasting, hot‐dip galvanizing or coating. The methods are hard stamping, scribing, plasma marking and needling. The effect of the notch caused by the marking process on the fatigue strength of the components has not yet been investigated in detail. As a result, a classification of the notch details in the European detail categories of EN 1993‐1‐9 is, in principle, impossible. For these reasons, the influence of durable marking methods on the fatigue strength of steel components needs to be clarified by experimental fatigue tests currently being performed at the Institute for Metal and Lightweight Structures, University of Duisburg‐Essen. Part of this investigation involves examining the different surface conditions of hard‐stamped, scribed, plasma‐marked and needled specimens. The experimental investigations are being carried out considering two different steel grades, S355J2 and S460N, and three different steel plate thicknesses, 15, 25 and 40 mm.
Steel solutions for enabling zero‐energy buildings
Authors: Döring Bernd , Reger Vitali , Kuhnhenne Markus , Feldmann Markus , Kesti Jyrki , Lawson Mark , Botti Andrea 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe European Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD) obliges the member states to ensure that, by 31 December 2020, all new buildings are nearly zero‐energy buildings (nZEB). This paper presents solutions for steel‐intensive commercial buildings that achieve this requirement. Several key components such as façades, floor systems and steel piles for ground energy storage were investigated in detail using numerous numerical simulations and practical tests of selected options. Furthermore, options for a whole building which fulfil the zero‐energy building approach were identified for different European climates by performing a parametric study using a thermal building simulation tool.
Reading Games
Authors: Kozdras Deborah , Joseph Christine , Schneider Jenifer Jasinski 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn this article, we describe how literacy strategies can be adapted for playing (and reading) video games—games that embed disciplinary content in multimedia texts. Using close viewing and guided playing strategies with online games and simulations, we share ideas for helping students navigate and comprehend multimedia texts in order to learn discipline‐specific vocabulary and concepts.
Neuroprotective therapies in glaucoma: I. Neurotrophic factor delivery
Authors: Nafissi Nafiseh , Foldvari Marianna 
Published: August 2015

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative eye disease that causes permanent blindness at the progressive stage and the number of people affected worldwide is expected to reach over 79 million by 2020. Currently, glaucoma management relies on pharmacological and invasive surgical treatments mainly by reducing the intraocular pressure (IOP), which is the most important risk factor for the progression of the visual field loss. Recent research suggests that neuroprotective or neuroregenerative approaches are necessary to prevent retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss and visual impairment over time. Neuroprotection is a new therapeutic strategy that attempts to keep RGCs alive and functional. New gene and cell therapeutics encoding neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are emerging for both neuroprotection and regenerative treatments for retinal diseases. This article briefly reviews the role of NTFs in glaucoma and the potential delivery systems. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016, 8:240–254. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1361This article is categorized under:

Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Ultrasound during Critical Care Simulation: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Olszynski Paul A. , Harris Tim , Renihan Patrick , D’Eon Marcel , Premkumar Kalyani 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to compare two ultrasound simulation interventions used during critical care simulation. The primary outcome was trainee and instructor preference for either intervention. Secondary outcomes included the identification of strengths and weaknesses of each intervention as well as overall merits of ultrasound simulation during high-fidelity, critical care simulation. The populations of interest included emergency medicine trainees and physicians.MethodsThis was a randomized crossover study with two ultrasound simulation interventions. 25 trainees and eight emergency physician instructors participated in critical-care simulation sessions. Instructors were involved in session debriefing and feedback. Pre- and post-intervention responses were analyzed for statistically significant differences usingttest analyses. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis and triangulation.ResultsBoth trainees and instructors deemed ultrasound simulation valuable by allowing trainees to demonstrate knowledge of indications, correct image interpretation, and clinical integration (p<0.05). Trainees described increased motivation to develop and use ultrasound skills. The edus2 was the preferred intervention, as it enabled functional fidelity and the integration of ultrasound into resuscitation choreography. Instructors preferred the edus2, as it facilitated better assessment of trainees’ skills, thus influencing feedback.ConclusionsThese findings support the use of ultrasound simulation during critical care simulations. The increased functional fidelity associated with edus2 suggests that it is the preferred intervention. Further study of the impact on clinical performance is warranted.
Task dependency effects of collaboration in learners’ corpus consultation: An exploratory case study
Authors: Cho Hyeyoung 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCollaborative learning has attracted attention as pedagogic mediation to assist learners’ corpus consultation, but some studies have pointed to negative aspects of collaboration. Based on the two sides of collaboration in language learning, this study presents a qualitative investigation of different effects of collaboration depending on task types used in learners’ corpus consultation. This study examined two types of tasks: a conceptual task, which tested students’ competence to draw a generalizable conclusion through a meaning-making process of corpus consultation; and a procedural task, which asked students to complete problem-solving activities strategically through corpus analysis. Two groups of three students were given the same tasks of corpus consultation but asked to complete the tasks either collaboratively or individually. The students’ verbal and nonverbal behaviors during the task completion, pre-and post-interviews, and the instructor’s observation notes were the main sources of data for analysis. The results of this study showed that collaboration has significantly different effects depending on the task types of corpus consultation. The collaborative group (CG) outperformed the individual group (IG) in the conceptual corpus consultation task, but the procedural task was more efficiently completed by the IG than the CG. The underperformance of the CG in the procedural task seemed to be partly attributable to the role of established intersubjectivity and the power inequality in the CG. Despite some limitations, the findings of this study reveal task-dependent effects of collaboration in corpus consultation and suggest practical implications for more effective and pedagogically beneficial use of learners’ corpus consultation in second language (L2) instruction.