bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new serotinous species of <i>Cliffortia</i> (Rosaceae) from the southwestern Cape with notes on <i>Cliffortia arborea</i>
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Fellingman A. C. 
Published: July 2015

A remarkable new species, Cliffortia conifera E.G.H. Oliv. Fellingham, from the Anysberg, Ladismith District, is described and compared to its closest ally in the genus, Cliffortia arborea Marloth, which is widespread along the escarpment of the Great Kanxt from ( alvinia in the north to Beaufort West in the southeast. It is unique in the genus for its serotinous cone-like synflorescences which are borne on determinate lateral branchlets occurring in zones on the main branches. A similar serotinous condition exists in C. arborea. but the inflorescence axis is the main branch. The serotinous inflorescences are complex synflorescences consisting ol numerous, highly condensed, double racemes (homoeothetic dibotrya). To date serotinous inflorescences have not been recorded in Cliffortia. C. arborea and C. conifera are included in section Arboreae, the description of which is emended here.
The generic delimitation of <i>Lachnaea</i> and <i>Cryptadenia</i> (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Beyers J. B. P. , Van der Walt J. J. A. 
Published: July 2015

The current generic delimitation of Lachnaea L. and Cryptadenia Meisn. was investigated. A multidisciplinary approach was followed. This included a study of the habit, phyllotaxis, morphology and anatomy of the leaves and flowers, pollen morphology and karyology. No major differences were found between the two genera. The range of variation of certain diagnostic characters of these genera is such that the genera merge into each other. It was concluded that the two genera are congeneric and the inclusion of Cryptadenia within Lachnaea is proposed.
Preliminary ethnobotanical studies of the Rwenzori Mountain forest area in Bundibugyo District, Uganda
Authors: Oryem-Origa H. , Kakudidi E. K. Z. , Katande A. B. , Bukenya Z. R. 
Published: July 2015

Ethnobotanical studies of the Rwenzori Mountain forest area in Bundibugyo District in Uganda were carried out between May and December 1991, and covered the northern part of the Rwenzori Mountain slopes occupied by the Bakonjo people. The presence of a major footpath through the forest with numerous utility trails radiating from it showed that some forest resources are being sought by the local population. Plant biodiversity is high, as is indicated by the fact that in a study plot of only 4 250 m , a total of 115 plant species, 101 genera and 57 families were identified from a collection of 300 plant specimens. Seventy-seven plant species were found to be of some importance to the local communities. Out of the 77 useful plant species recorded: 22 species were used for medicinal purposes; 16 for firewood; 13 for construction, joinery and furniture; 12 for craftwork; 10 provided edible fruits and vegetables; and 27 were used for a variety of other purposes. These other purposes include construction of shrines, covering of granary floors, use as toilet paper, carry ing luggage, and fodder for goats, sheep and cattle. Arundinaria alpina K. Schum. (bamboo) is the species that is most extensively harvested from the forest.
A note on <i>Combretum</i> subgenus <i>Combretum</i> section <i>Macrostigmatea</i> (Com-bretaceae)
Authors: Hennessy E. F. , Rodman S. 
Published: July 2015

The history of Combretum section Macrostigmatea, its circumscription and its representation in the Flora of southern Africa region are provided. A specimen from northern Botswana, Miller B/1199. initially misidentified as C. engleri. is shown to be C. kirkii, the first record of this taxon in the FSA region. Combretum mkuzense is placed in synonymy in C. zeyheri section Spathulipetala.
Saxicolous species of the genus </i>Rinodina<i> (lichenized Ascomycetes, Physciaceae) in southern Africa
Authors: Matzer M. , Mayrhofer H. 
Published: July 2015

A revision of saxicolous species of the genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (lichenized Ascomycetes. Phvsciaceae) in southern Africa is presented. The study area covers the following countries: Angola. Namibia. Republic of South Africa. Lesotho.Swaziland, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. Fifteen Rinodina species are treated in detail, and three of them are new to science:Rinodina longisperma Matzer H.Mayrhofer. R. scabridula Matzer H.Mayrhofer, and R. striatitunicata Matzer H.Mayrhofer. The general part of the study includes information on the most important characters of the species with a special focus on ascospore types and ontogeny, and biogeographical notes are also given. A key to the species is provided. All the species are described in detail with notes on their ascus characters, spermogonial apparatus, and chemical characteristics, and their substrate and general distribution are indicated. The descriptions are accompanied by illustrations of the ascospores. Except for Rinodina oxydata s.I., the distribution of all the species in southern Africa and other parts of Africa respectively, is mapped.Several names were referred into synonymy, including Rinodina almbornii H.Mayrhofer. a synonym of R. confragosula (Nyl. in Cromb.) Miill.Arg.. and R. depressa (Vain.) Zahlbr. and R. albicans H.Mayrhofer which are synonymous to R. huillensis Vain.A separate section encompasses nine excluded species.
Morphological and biochemical genetic evidence for hybridization in the genus <i>Centella</i> (Apiaceae), with notes on phylogenetic and taxonomic implica­tions
Authors: Schubert M. T. R. , Van Wyk B-E. , Van der Bank F. H. , Van der Bank M. 
Published: July 2015

The main aim of this paper is to explore the occurrence of hybridization in the genus Centella. Morphological as well as genetic characters are investigated to confirm the identity of a putative hybrid between C. triloba and C. macrocarpa. These two independent data sets, one from enzyme electrophoresis and one from morphology, are compared and interpreted by means of cladistic analysis. Centella glauca and C. virgata were included in the analysis and the effect of hybridization on cladistics is demonstrated. Hybridization gives a new perspective on infrageneric relationships within the genus Centella, as it may have obscured discontinuities between previously discrete infrageneric groups.
A survey of the mycobiota of a natural Karoo pasture
Authors: Roux C. , Van Warmelo K. T. 
Published: July 2015

The survey of a natural Karoo pasture from 1978 to 1982 showed that a wealth and variety of fungi were present in the semidesert environment. Hyphomycetes and Coelomycetes represented 45.8% and 34.6% respectively of the taxa identified. A total of 135 genera was identified of which Altenaria altemata, Cladosporium spp. and Fusarium spp. of the Hyphomycetes, Phoma spp., Ascochyta spp. and Camarosporium spp. of the Coelomycetes and Leptasphaerulina spp., of the Ascomycetes represented the most prevalent fungi in this order. This survey has shown conclusively that Pithomyces chartarum, which is associated with photosensitivity diseases of sheep, can always be recovered from the veld if the correct isolation techniques are employed. A number of new records for South Africa, as well as undescribed species, have been found, highlighting the necessity of correct methods and intensity of approach.
A revision of <i>Ledebouria</i> (Hyacinthaceae) in South Africa. 1. Two new species
Authors: Venter S. , Edwards T. J. 
Published: July 2015

A revision of Ledebouria in South Africa has revealed a number of undescribed species. This paper deals with two new species, Ledebouria atrobrunnea S.Venter and L dolomiticola S.Venter. Both species possess cylindrical bulbs, erect leaves (rare in Ledebouria) and prominent shoulders on the carpel apices. These synapomorphies are also seen in L viscosa Jessop, and its allies.
Five new species of <i>Lachenalia</i> (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas of Namibia and South Africa
Authors: Duncan G. 
Published: July 2015

Five new species of Lachenalia are described: L. nutans G.D.Duncan from southwestern Namibia, L. attenuata W.F.Barker ex G.D Duncan from the Roggeveld Plateau. Little Karoo and southern Cape; L doleritica G.D.Duncan from the Bokkeveld Plateau; L lactosa G.D.Duncan from the Lowland Fvnbos of the Hermanus District, and L leipoldtii G D Duncan from the Olifants River Valley and Little Karoo
A revision of <i>Ledebouria</i>(Hyacinthaceae) in South Africa. 2. Two new species, <i>L. crispa</i> and <i>L. parvifolia</i>, and <i>L. macowanii re-instated
Authors: Venter S. , Edwards T. J. 
Published: July 2015

Two endemic Ledebouria Roth species are described with notes, diagnostic characters, distributions and alliances. L. crispa appears to be allied to L. socialis (Baker) Jessop with which it shares densely gregarious, epigeal bulbs and L. undulata (Jacq.) Jessop of the Northern and Western Cape which shares crispate leaf margins. L parvifolia is endemic to Mpumalanga (eastern Transvaal) and was recorded from a single locality near Graskop; it differs from L. cooperi (Hook.f.)Jessop in having hairy upper leaf surfaces. L macowanii (Baker) S.Venter is re instated; it is distinguished from L. cooperi by its tightly clasping bulb scales and single cataphyll.
Studies in the liverwort genus <i>Fossombronia</i> (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 8. <i>F. elsieae</i> and <i>F. spinosa</i>, two new Western Cape species with spinose spores
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

Two new species with spinose spores are described from the Western Cape. F. elsieae Perold is quite a large plant, generally with almost entire leaves, its spores on the distal face having relatively few, rather coarse spines, which often appear broken and are occasionally linked to form abbreviated ridges. F. spinosa Perold is a smallish plant with irregularly lobed leaves, its spores on the distal face having numerous, fine spines, which sometimes coalesce to form short ridges. A table which com­pares F. glenii Perold, F. leucoxantha Lehm. and F. montaguensis S.W.Arnell with the two new species, is supplied.
New species of <i>Sparaxis</i> and <i>Ixia</i> (Iridaceae: Ixioideae) from Western Cape, South Africa, and taxonomic notes on <i>Ixia</i> and <i>Gladiolus</i>
Authors: Goldblatt P. 
Published: July 2015

Sparaxis auriculata is a new species of this western Cape and western Karoo genus It resembles S. villosa (Burm.f.)Goldblatt in its (lowers but is probably allied to S. galeata (Jacq.) Ker Gawl. Sparaxis metelerkampiae, currently a sub­species of S. variegata Sweet is raised to species rank. We propose changes to the infrageneric classification of the southern African winter rainfall genus Ixia. and describe a new species, I. aurea It is related to I odorata Ker Gawl. but differs in the larger deep yellow or orange flowers which are unscented In Gladiolus, we propose the new name. G saxatilis. for the Mpumalanga endemic, originally described as G litliicola Goldblatt J.C.Manning, a homonym for an Ethiopian species.
Studies in the Sphaerocarpales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 1. The genus Monocarpus and its only member, <i>M. sphaerocarpus</i>
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

A taxonomic account of the genus Monocarpus and its only species, M. sphaerocarpus, is presented. The species was initially discovered on salt pans in Western Australia, and only later, in southern Africa. It is extremely rare and the structure of the minute thalli is difficult to determine, also to describe and to illustrate. As far as could be determined, no SEM micrographs o f the thalli and spores have been published before, nor has the capsule wall been illustrated.
The floristics of Sand Forest in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Kirkwood D. , Midgley J. J. 
Published: July 2015

We use multivariate analyses (ordination and classification) to assess both the floristic uniqueness of the woody vegeation of Sand Forest in relation to a range of other forest types in the region, and the range of variation within Sand Forest. Two broad Sand Forest subtypes and related Ecotonal Forests are described and grouped under the term Tropical Dry Forest, distinct from all evergreen forests in South Africa. Sand Forest, a dry semi-deciduous type in northeastern KwaZulu-Natals defined by the presence of the canopy dominant Cleistanthus schlechteri as well as Hymenocardia ulmoides, Psydrax fragrantissima, Croton pseudopulchellus and Drypetes arguta. Sand Forests form a cohesive group in both DCA and TWINSPAN analyses, with similar composition of canopy dominants at sampled sites. This implies that ecological funcioning is similar across the geographical range in northeastern KwaZulu-Natal. However, turnover of subdominant species between recognisable Sand Forest types emphasizes the need to conserve the full range of extant forests.
The presence of synaptic and chromosome disjunction mutants in <i>Cenchrus ciliaris</i> (Poaceae: Paniceae)
Authors: Visser N. C. , Spies J. J. , Venter H. J. T. 
Published: July 2015

Synaptic mutants are present in Cenchrus ciliaris L This species, due to the presence of linear bivalents and occasion­al trivalents and quadrivalents, is an intermediate desynaptic species. In addition, geographical distribution and environmental factors, such as high temperatures and low humidity, could also have had an influence on the desynapsis observed.The disjunction of chromosomes during anaphase I was mostly abnormal in this desynaptic species. Precocious disjunction of chromosomes into chromatids occurred during anaphase I Due to the high incidence of this chromosome abnormality, a mutant gene, 'pc' responsible for the disjunction of chromosomes, must be present. The absence of cytokinesis in one specimen indicates a recessive mutant gene, 'va' to be active in this species.
Notes on the genus Frithia (Mesembryanthemaceae) and the descrip­tion of a new species, E humilis, in South Africa
Authors: Burgoyne P. M. , Smith G. F. , Du Plessis F. 
Published: July 2015

Frithia N.E.Br (Mesembryanthemaceae), formerly thought to be a monotypic genus, has been found to comprise two species. Populations from the eastern parts of the distribution range of Frithia pulchra N.E.Br. are recognised as a distinct species, Frithia humilis PM Burgoyne The genus has a limited distribution, although present in three provinces of South Africa, namely Gauteng, North-West and Mpumalanga. The two window-leaved species are allopatnc and morphological differences between the roots, leaves, flowers, pollen, capsules and seeds are discussed. A formal description of the new species, an identification key and a distribution map of the two species are provided.
Three new species of <i>Erica</i> (Ericaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Oliver I. M. 
Published: July 2015

Three new species of Erica L. from the mountains of Western Cape, South Africa, are described. E. rustieula E.G.H.Oliv. with an indehiscent fruit, is confined to sandy places in the eastern Cold Bokkeveld. E humidicola E.G.H.Oliv. is a highly localized endemic in seepages in the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve and E rimarum E.G.H.Oliv. is restricted to rock faces at high altitudes in the Hex River Mountains.
Leaf anatomy of the genus <i>Passerina</i> (Thymelaeaceae): taxonomic and ecological significance
Authors: Bredenkamp C. L. , Van Wyk A. E. 
Published: July 2015

A comparative anatomical study was made of the genus Passerina comprising 20 species and four subspecies, most of which are endemic to southern Africa. It showed that anatomical variation is useful in species recognition and classification. Anatomical characters typical of Thymelaeaceae and displayed in Passerina include isobilateral leaves, a papillate cuticular membrane, mucilaginous epidermal cell walls, a parenchymatous bundle sheath and extraxylary sclerenchyma fibres. Vascular bundles of the leaf lack intraxylary phloem. Characters common to Passerina are inverse-dorsiventral and epis- tomatic leaves, inverted palisade parenchyma and an abaxial hvpodermal sclerenchymatous sheath. Orientation of the main vascular bundle in relation to the epidermis and mesophyll allows the recognition of four leaf structural types and ten states, according to which all species can be characterized and grouped. Functionally many anatomical features of the leaf in Passerina are interpreted as adaptations to the Mediterranean climate of the Cape Floristic Region, where most species occur.
Three new species of <i>Tritoniopsis</i> (Iridaceae: Crocoideae) from the Cape Region of South Africa
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P. 
Published: July 2015

Three new species of the largely Western Cape genus Tritoniopsis L.Bolus are described, bringing the number of species in the genus to 24. Tritoniopsis bicolor and T. flava are newly discovered, narrow endemics of the Bredasdorp Mountains and the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, respectively, in the southwestern Cape. Both of these are areas of high local endemism. T. toximontana, known since at least 1465 but misunderstood, is restricted to the Gifberg-Matsikamma Mountain complex of northern Western Cape. Notes on the pollination biology of the species are provided.
Taxonomic significance of inflorescences, floral morphology and anatomy in <i>Passerina</i> (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Bredenkamp C. L. , Van Wyk A. E. 
Published: July 2015

Comparative studies were undertaken on the inflorescence, bracts and floral morphology of all taxa of the genus Passerina L. in southern Africa. Information is given in tabular form and a key based on bract morphology is presented.Floral morphology supported the status of the intrageneric taxa and also proved to be of taxonomic significance in the genus. Controversy surrounding the interpretation of a number of floral morphological structures in Passerina has been resolved. Morphological and anatomical evidence allowed a re-interpretation of the structure of the receptacle, hypanthium and sepals, ovary type and position, structure of the seed coat, ovule type and position, obturator, fruit and seed. On this basis an authentic generic description of the floral morphology was compiled. Passerina is distinguished by the following set of characters, a very short floral receptacle, tubular hypanthium, petaloid calyx, absence of petals and petaloid scales, diplostemonous dimorphic androecium, extrorse anthers, superior ovary, anatropous, ventrally epitropous ovule, an obturator of elongated cells, a I-seeded berry or an achene and tegmic seed with nuclear endosperm becoming cellular throughout.On this basis the flower in Passerina is considered a phylogenetically advanced structure, supporting the view that the genus is advanced within the Thymelaeoideae. The proposed taxonomic relationship between Thymelaeaceae and Malvales is confirmed by floral morphological evidence. Comparative studies were undertaken on the inflorescence, bracts and floral morphology of all taxa of the genus Passerina L. in southern Africa. Information is given in tabular form and a key based on bract morphology is presented.Floral morphology supported the status of the intrageneric taxa and also proved to be of taxonomic significance in the genus. Controversy surrounding the interpretation of a number of floral morphological structures in Passerina has been resolved. Morphological and anatomical evidence allowed a re-interpretation of the structure of the receptacle, hypanthium and sepals, ovary type and position, structure of the seed coat, ovule type and position, obturator, fruit and seed. On this basis an authentic generic description of the floral morphology was compiled. Passerina is distinguished by the following set of characters, a very short floral receptacle, tubular hypanthium, petaloid calyx, absence of petals and petaloid scales, diplostemonous dimorphic androecium, extrorse anthers, superior ovary, anatropous, ventrally epitropous ovule, an obturator of elongated cells, a I-seeded berry or an achene and tegmic seed with nuclear endosperm becoming cellular throughout.On this basis the flower in Passerina is considered a phylogenetically advanced structure, supporting the view that the genus is advanced within the Thymelaeoideae. The proposed taxonomic relationship between Thymelaeaceae and Malvales is confirmed by floral morphological evidence.
Taxonomy of the <i>Passerina filiformis</i> complex (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Bredenkamp C. L. , Van Wyk A. E. 
Published: July 2015

Revision of the genus Passerina L. indicated a new delimitation of taxonomic entities within the Passerina filiformis L. complex. Evidence from leaf anatomy greatly assisted in the recognition of taxa. P. filiformis is here divided into two sub­species. namely P. filiformis subsp. filiformis and P. filiformis subsp. glutinosa (Thoday) Bredenkamp A.E.van Wyk. and a new species. P. montivagus Bredenkamp A.E.van Wyk, which is also described. The new taxa are geographically separated: subsp. filiformis ranges from Piquetberg in the north through the Cape Peninsula in the south, where it is quite com­mon. to Attaquaskloof in the southwestern Cape: subsp. glutinosa occurs along the coast between Vredendal and St Helena Bay; and P. montivagus has a wide distribution from Mossel Bay and Oudtshoom in the south through Eastern Cape and along the Great Escarpment northwards to Zimbabwe, with outliers in Tanzania.
Biogeographv of <i>Oxalis</i> (Oxalidaceae) in South Africa: a preliminary study
Authors: Oberlander K. C. , Dreyer L. L. , Elser K. J. 
Published: July 2015

Oxalis L , commonly called sorrel,is a large and cosmopolitan taxon that has undergone spectacular speciation within southern Africa (± 270 taxa). and more specifically within the winter rainfall regions of the western Cape Region (CR). The main objective of this study w as to analyse the geographical distribution of Oxalis in South Africa in relation to currently defined phytogeographic units. The observed patterns of biodiversity and endemism within South African members of the genus show interesting disjunctions and concentrations of species. Oxalis is one of the few CR taxa that is shared between the core Fynbos and Succulent Karoo Biomes, and this study therefore provides a novel insight into evolutionary trends across, and not only w ithin. these phvtogeographic units. The major centre for diversity for Oxalis is situated on Table Mountain and the northern areas o f the Cape Peninsula (grid square 3318CD). Subsidiary centres are located in the Clanwilliam/Niewoudtville and Kamiesberg regions. The reported patterns in Western Cape suggest that Oxalis species richness has been generated and retained in areas w hich have been identified as core Fynbos (Table Mountain), Fynbos refugia during interglacials (Kamiesberg). and an ecotonal region which might switch between the two biome types (Clanwilliam/ Niewoudtville). Presumably these three types of areas would provide interesting material for DNA-based phylogenetic work, and a test of the climate change 'species-pump' hypothesis proposed by Midgley et al. (2001).