bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of mitral stenosis on right ventricular mechanics assessed by three-dimensional echocardiography
Authors: Ladányi Zsuzsanna , Eltayeb Abdalla , Fábián Alexandra , Ujvári Adrienn , Tolvaj Máté , Tokodi Márton , Choudhary Kashif Anwar , Kovács Attila , Merkely Béla , Vriz Olga , Lakatos Bálint Károly 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMitral stenosis (MS) is a complex valvular pathology with significant clinical burden even today. Its effect on the right heart is often overlooked, despite it playing a considerable part in the symptomatic status. We enrolled 39 mitral valve stenosis patients and 39 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. They underwent conventional, speckle-tracking and 3D echocardiographic examinations. The 3D data was analyzed using the ReVISION software to calculate RV functional parameters. In the MS group, 3D RV ejection fraction (EF) (49 ± 7% vs. 61 ± 4%; p < 0.001), global circumferential (GCS) (− 21.08 ± 5.64% vs. − 25.07 ± 4.72%; p = 0.001) and longitudinal strain (GLS) (− 16.60% ± 4.07% vs. − 23.32 ± 2.82%; p < 0.001) were reduced. When comparing RV contraction patterns between controls, MS patients in sinus rhythm and those with atrial fibrillation, radial (REF) (32.06 ± 5.33% vs. 23.62 ± 7.95% vs. 20.89 ± 6.92%; p < 0.001) and longitudinal ejection fraction (LEF) (24.85 ± 4.06%; 17.82 ± 6.16% vs. 15.91 ± 4.09%; p < 0.001) were decreased in both MS groups compared to controls; however, they were comparable between the two MS subgroups. Anteroposterior ejection fraction (AEF) (29.16 ± 4.60% vs. 30.87 ± 7.71% vs. 21.48 ± 6.15%; p < 0.001) showed no difference between controls and MS patients in sinus rhythm, while it was lower in the MS group with atrial fibrillation. Therefore, utilizing 3D echocardiography, we found distinct morphological and functional alterations of the RV in MS patients.
The role of answer content and length when preparing answers to questions
Authors: Corps Ruth Elizabeth , Pickering Martin J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch suggests that interlocutors manage the timing demands of conversation by preparing what they want to say early. In three experiments, we used a verbal question-answering task to investigate what aspects of their response speakers prepare early. In all three experiments, participants answered more quickly when the critical content (here, barks) necessary for answer preparation occurred early (e.g., Which animal barks and is also a common household pet?) rather than late (e.g., Which animal is a common household pet and also barks?). In the individual experiments, we found no convincing evidence that participants were slower to produce longer answers, consisting of multiple words, than shorter answers, consisting of a single word. There was also no interaction between these two factors. A combined analysis of the first two experiments confirmed this lack of interaction, and demonstrated that participants were faster to answer questions when the critical content was available early rather than late and when the answer was short rather than long. These findings provide tentative evidence for an account in which interlocutors prepare the content of their answer as soon as they can, but sometimes do not prepare its length (and thus form) until they are ready to speak.
Enhancing the dipole ring of hexagonal boron nitride nanomesh by surface alloying
Authors: Halasi Gyula , Vass Csaba , Yu Ka Man , Vári Gábor , Farkas Arnold P. , Palotás Krisztián , Berkó András , Kiss János , Kónya Zoltán , Aeschlimann Martin , Stadtmüller Benjamin , Dombi Péter , Óvári László 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSurface templating by electrostatic surface potentials is the least invasive way to design large-scale artificial nanostructures. However, generating sufficiently large potential gradients remains challenging. Here, we lay the groundwork for significantly enhancing local electrostatic fields by chemical modification of the surface. We consider the hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanomesh on Rh(111), which already exhibits small surface potential gradients between its pore and wire regions. Using photoemission spectroscopy, we show that adding Au atoms to the Rh(111) surface layer leads to a local migration of Au atoms below the wire regions of the nanomesh. This significantly increases the local work function difference between the pore and wire regions that can be quantified experimentally by the changes in the h-BN valence band structure. Using density functional theory, we identify an electron transfer from Rh to Au as the microscopic origin for the local enhancement of potential gradients within the h-BN nanomesh.
Genome and tissue-specific transcriptomes of the large-polyp coral, Fimbriaphyllia (Euphyllia) ancora: a recipe for a coral polyp
Authors: Shikina Shinya , Yoshioka Yuki , Chiu Yi-Ling , Uchida Taiga , Chen Emma , Cheng Yin-Chu , Lin Tzu-Chieh , Chu Yu-Ling , Kanda Miyuki , Kawamitsu Mayumi , Fujie Manabu , Takeuchi Takeshi , Zayasu Yuna , Satoh Noriyuki , Shinzato Chuya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCoral polyps are composed of four tissues; however, their characteristics are largely unexplored. Here we report biological characteristics of tentacles (Te), mesenterial filaments (Me), body wall (Bo), and mouth with pharynx (MP), using comparative genomic, morpho-histological, and transcriptomic analyses of the large-polyp coral, Fimbriaphyllia ancora. A draft F. ancora genome assembly of 434 Mbp was created. Morpho-histological and transcriptomic characterization of the four tissues showed that they have distinct differences in structure, primary cellular composition, and transcriptional profiles. Tissue-specific, highly expressed genes (HEGs) of Te are related to biological defense, predation, and coral-algal symbiosis. Me expresses multiple digestive enzymes, whereas Bo expresses innate immunity and biomineralization-related molecules. Many receptors for neuropeptides and neurotransmitters are expressed in MP. This dataset and new insights into tissue functions will facilitate a deeper understanding of symbiotic biology, immunology, biomineralization, digestive biology, and neurobiology in corals.
A ligand discovery toolbox for the WWE domain family of human E3 ligases
Authors: Münzker Lena , Kimani Serah W. , Fowkes Milan M. , Dong Aiping , Zheng Hong , Li Yanjun , Dasovich Morgan , Zak Krzysztof M. , Leung Anthony K. L. , Elkins Jonathan M. , Kessler Dirk , Arrowsmith Cheryl H. , Halabelian Levon , Böttcher Jark 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe WWE domain is a relatively under-researched domain found in twelve human proteins and characterized by a conserved tryptophan-tryptophan-glutamate (WWE) sequence motif. Six of these WWE domain-containing proteins also contain domains with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The general recognition of poly-ADP-ribosylated substrates by WWE domains suggests a potential avenue for development of Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs). Here, we present novel crystal structures of the HUWE1, TRIP12, and DTX1 WWE domains in complex with PAR building blocks and their analogs, thus enabling a comprehensive analysis of the PAR binding site structural diversity. Furthermore, we introduce a versatile toolbox of biophysical and biochemical assays for the discovery and characterization of novel WWE domain binders, including fluorescence polarization-based PAR binding and displacement assays, 15N-NMR-based binding affinity assays and 19F-NMR-based competition assays. Through these assays, we have characterized the binding of monomeric iso-ADP-ribose (iso-ADPr) and its nucleotide analogs with the aforementioned WWE proteins. Finally, we have utilized the assay toolbox to screen a small molecule fragment library leading to the successful discovery of novel ligands targeting the HUWE1 WWE domain.
Identification of new correctors for traffic-defective ABCB4 variants by a high-content screening approach
Authors: Lakli Mounia , Dumont Julie , Vauthier Virginie , Charton Julie , Crespi Veronica , Banet Manon , Riahi Yosra , Ben Saad Amel , Mareux Elodie , Lapalus Martine , Gonzales Emmanuel , Jacquemin Emmanuel , Di Meo Florent , Deprez Benoit , Leroux Florence , Falguières Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractABCB4 is located at the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes and is responsible for the secretion of phosphatidylcholine into bile. Genetic variations of this transporter are correlated with rare cholestatic liver diseases, the most severe being progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3). PFIC3 patients most often require liver transplantation. In this context of unmet medical need, we developed a high-content screening approach to identify small molecules able to correct ABCB4 molecular defects. Intracellularly-retained variants of ABCB4 were expressed in cell models and their maturation, cellular localization and function were analyzed after treatment with the molecules identified by high-content screening. In total, six hits were identified by high-content screening. Three of them were able to correct the maturation and canalicular localization of two distinct intracellularly-retained ABCB4 variants; one molecule was able to significantly restore the function of two ABCB4 variants. In addition, in silico molecular docking calculations suggest that the identified hits may interact with wild type ABCB4 residues involved in ATP binding/hydrolysis. Our results pave the way for their optimization in order to provide new drug candidates as potential alternative to liver transplantation for patients with severe forms of ABCB4-related diseases, including PFIC3.
Testing the form-function paradigm: body shape correlates with kinematics but not energetics in selectively-bred birds
Authors: Cross Samuel R. R. , Marmol-Guijarro Andres C. , Bates Karl T. , Marrin John C. , Tickle Peter G. , Rose Kayleigh A. , Codd Jonathan R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA central concept of evolutionary biology, supported by broad scale allometric analyses, asserts that changing morphology should induce downstream changes in locomotor kinematics and energetics, and by inference selective fitness. However, if these mechanistic relationships exist at local intraspecific scales, where they could provide substrate for fundamental microevolutionary processes, is unknown. Here, analyses of selectively-bred duck breeds demonstrate that distinct body shapes incur kinematic shifts during walking, but these do not translate into differences in energetics. A combination of modular relationships between anatomical regions, and a trade-off between limb flexion and trunk pitching, are shown to homogenise potential functional differences between the breeds, accounting for this discrepancy between form and function. This complex interplay between morphology, motion and physiology indicates that understanding evolutionary links between the avian body plan and locomotor diversity requires studying locomotion as an integrated whole and not key anatomical innovations in isolation.
IRF8 and MAFB drive distinct transcriptional machineries in different resident macrophages of the central nervous system
Authors: Yamasaki Ayato , Imanishi Iroha , Tanaka Kaori , Ohkawa Yasuyuki , Tsuda Makoto , Masuda Takahiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe central nervous system (CNS) includes anatomically distinct macrophage populations including parenchyma microglia and CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs) localized at the interfaces like meninges and perivascular space, which play specialized roles for the maintenance of the CNS homeostasis with the help of precisely controlled gene expressions. However, the transcriptional machinery that determines their cell-type specific states of microglia and CAMs remains poorly understood. Here we show, by myeloid cell-specific deletion of transcription factors, IRF8 and MAFB, that both adult microglia and CAMs utilize IRF8 to maintain their core gene signatures, although the genes altered by IRF8 deletion are different in the two macrophage populations. By contrast, MAFB deficiency robustly affected the gene expression profile of adult microglia, whereas CAMs are almost independent of MAFB. Our data suggest that distinct transcriptional machineries regulate different macrophages in the CNS.
Structure and chemical bonding in high-pressure potassium silver alloys
Authors: Ukoji Nnanna , Rodriguez Danny , Kuang Huiyao , Desgreniers Serge , Tse John S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe high-pressure structures of K-Ag alloys were examples of pressure-induced electron transfer from the electropositive potassium to the electronegative silver. We re-examined the crystal and electronic structures of KAg2, K2Ag, and K3Ag using powder X-ray diffraction and theoretical calculations. Our findings establish a connection between the morphologies of these three phases and the precursor face-centered cubic Ag. For K2Ag, we discovered a disordered structure that better matches the X-ray pattern. Valence electron density distributions obtained from the maximum entropy method, along with charge density calculations, provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of chemical bonding in these systems. It was found that K atoms share their valence electrons during alloy formation, contributing to K-Ag and Ag-Ag bonds in K2Ag and KAg2, while no Ag-Ag bonds are present in K3Ag. These results indicate the Zintl-Klemm model may be too simplistic to describe the structure and bonding in high-pressure binary intermetallic compounds.
Unveiling the dynamics of urbanization and ecosystem services: insights from the Su-Xi-Chang Region, China
Authors: Wang Yue , Fu Qi , Guo Jie , Wang Tinghui , Chen Jinhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAssessing the impact of past and future urban land expansion on ecosystem services (ESs) is essential for the sustainable management of urban landscapes. Despite recent progress, it remains challenging to determine the influence mechanism of different urbanization stages and areas on ESs and their trade-offs/synergies. Here, we analyzed the responses of four ESs and their trade-offs/synergies to the spatial and temporal differentiation of urbanization in the Su-Xi-Chang region of China from 1990 to 2050. The results showed that the relationship between ESs and urbanization followed a U-shaped curve from 1990 to 2050. Between 1990 and 2020, urbanization weakened trade-offs and enhanced lose-lose situations, exhibiting an S-shaped curve. From 2020 to 2050, lose-lose situations are expected to diminish, and the curve is projected to display a downward trend. Our findings suggest the implementation of compact urban development, sustainable agricultural practices, reforestation, and the conversion of farmland to lakes.
Synergistic convergence of materials and enzymes for biosensing and self-sustaining energy devices towards on-body health monitoring
Authors: Khumngern Suntisak , Jeerapan Itthipon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWearable enzyme-based biosensors enable advanced healthcare diagnostics through the monitoring of biomarkers and physiological states. The integration of materials engineering and enzyme conjugation has established the groundwork for advancements in modern analytical chemistry, poised to extend the frontiers of wearable biosensing further. Recent advancements in enzymatic biofuel cells have also enhanced devices by harnessing biofuels, such as glucose and lactate in biofluids. Importantly, biofuel cells offer the potential for self-powered biosensors. Here, we present an overview of the principles and considerations associated with engineering materials and integrating enzymes with electrodes to achieve effective wearable biosensing and self-sustaining biofuel cell-based energy systems. Furthermore, we discuss challenges encountered by enzymatic sensors and biofuel cells. Representative applications of wearable devices in healthcare settings are highlighted, along with a summary of real sample analyses, emphasizing the concentration ranges of analytes present in actual sweat samples to underscore their relevance in real-world scenarios. Finally, the discussion explores the anticipated impact of future material innovations and integrations on the development of next-generation wearable biodevices.
Microchannel pressure sensor for continuous and real-time wearable gait monitoring
Authors: Ahn Jung-Bin , Yoo Byungseok , Pines Darryll J. , Kuo Chia-Ying , Wang Mingyi , Bejjanki Naga Sai Gouthami , Kim Soaram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA highly sensitive and multi-functional pressure sensor capable of continuous pressure readings is greatly needed, particularly for precise gait pattern analysis. Here, we fabricate a sensitive and reliable pressure sensor by employing eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) liquid metal as the sensing material and EcoFlex 00-30 silicone as the substrate, via a low-cost process. The device architecture features a microchannel, creating two independent sensing devices, and the mechanical properties of the substrate and sensing material contribute to high stretchability and flexibility, resulting in a sensitivity of 66.07 MPa−1 and a low measurement resolution of 0.056 kPa. The sensor detects applied pressure accurately and can distinguish pressure distribution across a wide area. We demonstrate high efficiency for monitoring human walking gait at various speeds when a single sensor is attached to the foot, and can differentiate between walking postures. This device has strong potential for clinical and rehabilitation applications in gait analysis.
Arctic sea ice loss warmed the temperate East Asian winter in the mid-Holocene
Authors: Dong Jiang , Shi Xuefa , Dai Haijin , Lu Zhengyao , Liu Xiting , Astakhov Anatolii S. , Hu Limin , Yang Gang , Vasilenko Yuri , Bosin Alexander , Gao Jingjing , Liu Yanguang , Zou Jianjun , Yao Zhengquan , Li Anchun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe recent colder winters in midlatitude Eurasia have been proposed to result from Arctic sea-ice decline. However, large uncertainties remain regarding this link in the present variable climate. Here, we present ice-rafted debris records from the eastern Arctic and geochemical data from the temperate East China Sea to reconstruct Holocene changes in sea ice and the East Asian winter monsoon. Our reconstructions and climate numerical simulations revealed enhanced Arctic sea-ice decline but warmer winters in East Asia in the mid-Holocene than in the late Holocene. In the warmer mid-Holocene, enhanced Arctic sea-ice loss transferred more heat from intensive summer solar insolation to the winter atmosphere, suppressing meridional heat transport; thus, less high-latitude cold air moved to lower latitudes in Asia due to the weakened winter monsoon. Our findings imply that the colder winters in East Asia may not change the long-term trend toward winter warming in the context of Arctic sea-ice decline.
Explainable AI decision support improves accuracy during telehealth strep throat screening
Authors: Gomez Catalina , Smith Brittany-Lee , Zayas Alisa , Unberath Mathias , Canares Therese 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence-based (AI) clinical decision support systems (CDSS) using unconventional data, like smartphone-acquired images, promise transformational opportunities for telehealth; including remote diagnosis. Although such solutions’ potential remains largely untapped, providers’ trust and understanding are vital for effective adoption. This study examines how different human–AI interaction paradigms affect clinicians’ responses to an emerging AI CDSS for streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat) detection from smartphone throat images.

Methods
In a randomized experiment, we tested explainable AI strategies using three AI-based CDSS prototypes for strep throat prediction. Participants received clinical vignettes via an online survey to predict the disease state and offer clinical recommendations. The first set included a validated CDSS prediction (Modified Centor Score) and the second introduced an explainable AI prototype randomly. We used linear models to assess explainable AI’s effect on clinicians’ accuracy, confirmatory testing rates, and perceived trust and understanding of the CDSS.

Results
The study, involving 121 telehealth providers, shows that compared to using the Centor Score, AI-based CDSS can improve clinicians’ predictions. Despite higher agreement with AI, participants report lower trust in its advice than in the Centor Score, leading to more requests for in-person confirmatory testing.

Conclusions
Effectively integrating AI is crucial in the telehealth-based diagnosis of infectious diseases, given the implications of antibiotic over-prescriptions. We demonstrate that AI-based CDSS can improve the accuracy of remote strep throat screening yet underscores the necessity to enhance human–machine collaboration, particularly in trust and intelligibility. This ensures providers and patients can capitalize on AI interventions and smartphones for virtual healthcare.
Multi‐objective interval planning for 5G base station virtual power plants considering the consumption of photovoltaic and communication flexibility
Authors: Zhang Dawei , Cui Xudong , Xu Changbao , Lv Shigao , Zhao Lianhe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLarge‐scale deployment of 5G base stations has brought severe challenges to the economic operation of the distribution network, furthermore, as a new type of adjustable load, its operational flexibility has provided a potential way to promote the consumption and utilization of photovoltaic. In this paper, a multi‐objective interval collaborative planning method for virtual power plants and distribution networks is proposed. First, on the basis of in‐depth analysis of the operating characteristics and communication load transmission characteristics of the base station, a 5G base station of virtual power plants participating in the cellular respiratory demand response model is constructed. In view of the inherent contradiction between system economy and environmental performance, a multi‐objective interval optimization model for collaborative planning of virtual power plants and distribution networks is established with the lowest system investment and operating costs and the lowest carbon emissions as the optimization goals. The established model is transformed into a deterministic optimization problem, which is solved by NSGA‐II algorithm. The modified IEEE‐33 node system is used in the case analysis to analyse the impact of different planning schemes and response characteristics on the system economy. The calculation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Primäre Hyperoxalurie
Authors: Saadé Chloé , Knauf Felix 
Published: July 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie primäre Hyperoxalurie umfasst eine Gruppe seltener autosomal-rezessiv vererbter Stoffwechselerkrankungen. Sie werden durch Mutationen in Enzymen verursacht, die an der endogenen Oxalatsynthese beteiligt sind. Es gibt 3 primäre Hyperoxalurien: Typ 1, 2 und 3, die jeweils einen anderen Defekt vorweisen, der in einer Oxalatüberproduktion resultiert. Dies führt zur Kristallisation von Kalziumoxalat (CaOx), entweder in Form von Nieren- und Harnleitersteinen, Nephrokalzinose oder als systemische Oxalose. Aufgrund der Heterogenität der Symptome und der großen Altersspanne ist die Diagnose oft schwierig. Biochemische und genetische Untersuchungen sind erforderlich, um die Diagnose so früh wie möglich zu bestätigen. Dies ist essenziell, um eine angemessene Behandlung einzuleiten und die Prognose zu verbessern. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, einen Überblick über aktuelle Empfehlungen und Updates zur Behandlung der primären Hyperoxalurie zu geben.