bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Laser – Arc Welding Applied in Longitudinal Joints for Hydrocarbon Conduction Pipes
Authors: Fernández Tavitas Raúl J. , Garcés Rocío Saldaña , López Cortéz Víctor H. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this paper the effect of hybrid laser arc welding on longitudinal joints for pipes of 1.27cm thick is investigated. For the investigation, an API X70 steel was welded with the HLAW process and then subjected to tensile, bending and micro hardness tests under standards for pipe manufacturing. Images of the weld seams were taken to observe the structure and size of the weld zones. Analysis was made by light microscopy to determine the phases present in the weld zones and to observe if there is a variation of grain size in the weld zones that adversely affects the mechanical properties of the API X70 steel. Results show that the mechanical properties of the joints meet the requirements for their use in pipe manufacturing; one reason is the low thickness of the weld zone that barely affects the original properties of API X70 steel. Also the presence of bainite in the microstructure of weld zones provides resistance to the joints.
Analysis of the Mechanical Behavior of a Paperboard Profile
Authors: Rico M. , Sandoval J. M. , Flores L.A. , Muñoz N. , Tamayo P.A. , González R. G. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper shows the technological development for manufacturing corner angle sections or cardboard. Its manufacture involves splicing sheets (liners) of different weight Kraft papers joined with white glue. The thickness and strength of each profile is determined by the amount of spliced leaves and paperweight. There are two types of finishing in the profile, which are: natural finish Kraft wrapping paper and the white paper envelope. The second one is used to print images or logos on the exterior face for advertising purposes. They can withstand bending stresses for supporting buckling in horizontal and vertical position. These profiles are mainly used for packaging, protect corners, transportation and storage. A machine for manufacturing specialized linear process to obtain the required thickness is used. In this article, the basic load of an angular profile is analyzed by the finite element method using ANSYS 14 ®. Mechanical design considerations based on the mechanics of composite materials and the theory of laminated beams are considered. With the results of this analysis, load capacities like bending, buckling and deformation profiles are obtained. Furthermore, a comparison of three thicknesses of angular profiles supporting the mentioned loads is also presented.
Häufigkeit puerperaler Erkrankungen während der ersten 10 Tage post partum bei Stuten
Authors: Hussein H. A. , Loose M. , Wehrend A. 
Published: May 2015

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Studie war, durch Auswertung von Patientendaten die Häufigkeit puerperaler Erkrankungen bei Zuchtstuten in den ersten 10 Tagen nach der Geburt darzustellen. Material und Methode: In einer Universitätsklinik wurden für einen Zeitraum von 10 Jahren die Patientendaten von 308 Zuchtstuten mit puerperalen Störungen ausgewertet, die innerhalb der ersten 10 Tage post partum vorgestellt wurden. Dabei erfolgte eine Differenzierung zwischen Erkrankungen, die bei Erstuntersuchung diagnostiziert werden konnten, und Erkrankungen, die sich während des Aufenthalts in der Klinik entwickelten. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt wurden 21 Krankheitsbilder diagnostiziert, wobei Nachgeburtsverhaltung, Lochiometra und Verletzungen des Perineums am häufigsten vorkamen. Bei vielen Stuten konnte mehr als ein Krankheitsbild nachgewiesen werden. Bei Stuten mit einer Retentio secundinarum bestanden am häufigsten zusätzlich Dammrisse, gefolgt von Tieren, die ebenfalls an einer Lochiometra erkrankt waren. Stuten mit Lochiometra wiesen häufig gleichzeitig Nachgeburtsverhaltung und Geburtsverletzungen auf. Bei einem Teil der Stuten entwickelten sich weitere Erkrankungen. Bei Stuten mit Retentio secundinarum war dies am häufigsten eine Lochiometra, gefolgt von puerperaler Hufrehe und Thrombophlebitis. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die Datenerhebung zeigt, dass bei Stuten mit puerperalen Störungen relativ häufig mehrere Erkrankungen diagnostiziert wurden. Daher muss bei Stuten mit einer puerperalen Erkrankung in einem hohen Prozentsatz mit dem Vorliegen weiterer Erkrankungen gerechnet werden.
Burning Controls Barb Goatgrass (Aegilops triuncialis) in California Grasslands for at Least 7 Years
Authors: Marty Jaymee T. , Sweet Sara B. , Buck-Diaz Jennifer J. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBarb goatgrass is an invasive annual grass from the Mediterranean region that negatively affects both native plant biodiversity and the forage quality of grasslands. Prescribed burning may be the best landscape-level tool available to manage invasive species like barb goatgrass while also enhancing biodiversity, but few studies have quantified the long-term effects of fire on goatgrass and the rest of the plant community. We assessed the effects of fire on an invading front of barb goatgrass on a private ranch in Sacramento County, CA. We established burned and unburned treatment plots within the goatgrass-infested area and used prescribed fire to burn the treatment plots in June 2005. We monitored plant-community composition before burning and for 7 consecutive yr following the burn. Additionally, we tested the viability of goatgrass seeds in both burned and unburned plots. One year after the burn, goatgrass cover in burned plots was 3% compared with 21% in unburned plots. This reduction in goatgrass cover was still strong 2 yr after the burn (burned, 6%; unburned, 27%) and weaker but still statistically significant for 4 of the next 5 yr. The burn also reduced germination of goatgrass seed by 99% as indicated by seed-viability tests conducted in the laboratory. The native plant community responded positively to the burn treatment in the first year following the burn with an increase in native diversity in burned plots vs. unburned plots, but the effect was not detectable in subsequent years. Nonnative annual forb species cover also increased in the first year following the burn. Our study shows that a single springtime burn can result in a short-term boost in native species diversity, reduced seed germination of barb goatgrass to near zero, and reduced cover of barb goatgrass for at least 7 yr after the burn.
Spatiotemporal fire dynamics in mixed‐conifer and aspen forests in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado, USA
Authors: Tepley Alan J. , Veblen Thomas T. 
Published: May 2015

Mixed‐severity fire regimes may be the most extensive yet poorly understood fire regimes of western North America. Understanding their long‐term spatiotemporal dynamics is central to debates regarding altered fire regimes and the need for restoration in the context of changing climate and nearly a century of active fire suppression. However, the complexity of fire patterns and forest stand and landscape structures characteristic of mixed‐severity regimes poses a substantial challenge to understanding their long‐term dynamics. In this study, we develop analysis methods aimed at understanding the fire‐driven forest dynamics of mixed‐severity systems and apply them in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado. We sampled fire scars, stand structure, and >4300 tree ages across two 1340‐ha landscapes (Williams Creek and Squaretop Mountain) that span the environmental gradient of montane mixed‐conifer and aspen forests. New approaches were applied to identify pulses of tree recruitment, evaluate climate and fire as potential drivers of synchronous recruitment pulses, and combine fire scar and recruitment data to reconstruct fires. The reconstructions provided detailed fire history for each stand, which in turn was used to develop a fire‐severity metric, compare fire frequency and severity by forest type, and develop a simulation procedure to evaluate the degree to which tree regeneration depended on fire by species within each forest type.Twenty fires were reconstructed since 1685 at Williams Creek and 13 fires since 1748 at Squaretop Mountain. Patterns of fire severity varied within each fire and over successive events, including high‐severity patches of hundreds of hectares in both study areas. Dry mixed‐conifer forests experienced relatively short fire intervals (mean 21 years) and low fire severity, and regeneration of the main conifer species was largely dependent on open conditions sustained over successive fires. Moist mixed‐conifer forests experienced longer fire intervals (mean 32 years) and a broader range of severities, and fire‐caused canopy openings were important for initiating pulses of tree recruitment. Most (83%) aspen stands included two or more post‐fire cohorts. The methods presented here can be adapted to other mixed‐severity systems to better understand their long‐term spatial and temporal dynamics and develop restoration priorities.
Experimental Determination of the Effect of Pressure on Fluid Loss for Linear and Crosslinked Fracturing Fluids
Authors: Sanchez Reyes J.. , Hutchins R. D. , Parris M. D. 
Published: May 2015

Summary
Recent studies have offered evidence of unique shear viscosity loss of borate-crosslinked fracturing fluids when exposed to hydrostatic pressures, such as those encountered during deepwater hydraulic fracturing. This phenomenon can have important implications for proppant transport and for the resulting fracture geometry that needs to be accounted for in fracture design. Another important aspect for fracture design is the fluid loss. Because crosslinked fluids have superior fluid-loss characteristics compared with linear polymers, the question arises as to whether fluid loss of borate-crosslinked formulations is also affected by pressure. Fluid loss is a fundamental property in hydraulic-fracturing treatments and may dictate the attainable fracture geometry and the retained conductivity. Prior knowledge of fluid loss is also important for designing special additives to overcome the effect of excessive fluid loss.
This experimental study was designed to determine the pressure effect on linear guar and both borate- and zirconium-crosslinked polymers. The concept of melt point used for the viscosity dependence was incorporated to select fluids. A unique high-pressure/high-temperature fluid-loss apparatus was developed for the experimental testing. Test parameters varied from 160 to 260°F, 1,000 to 9,000 psi, and 0.1- to 10-md sandstone cores. Spurt and fluid-loss coefficients were determined and compared to determine the pressure effect.
The results indicate that the fluid-loss behavior of fluids comprising borate-crosslinked guar is susceptible to moderate pressure effects. In particular, spurt losses increased with pressure, whereas fluid-loss coefficients were independent of pressure. The increase in spurt loss varied from 316% for Bandera core (0.1 to 0.4 md) to 1,533% for Parker core (3 to 10 md) when pressure increased from 1,100 to 9,000 psi, exhibiting a pronounced dependency on permeability. Conversely, the fluid-loss behavior for linear guar or derivatized guar (carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar) crosslinked with zirconium was not influenced by pressure. The implications of these findings for hydraulic-fracturing applications are also discussed.
Collaborative management in wolf licensed hunting: the dilemmas of public managers in moving collaboration forward
Authors: Cinque Serena 
Published: May 2015

Although wolf recolonization can be considered a success in terms of population increase and geographical dispersal, the return of grey wolves Canis lupus to rural central Sweden has caused frustration and discontent among local stakeholders. Farmers and hunters living in — or adjacent to — wolf territories perceive the political decision to support wolf recovery as intruding on local lives and restricting opportunities for small‐scale farming and hunting. They feel that decision‐makers have left the consequences of wolf recovery policies unaddressed. To overcome the failure of previous policies and increase local consensus, in October 2009 the Swedish parliament passed a resolution concerning the introduction of licensed hunting on wolves as a measure expected to promote local acceptance and facilitate dialogue among different parties. In doing so, the Parliament delegated to the regional authorities the responsibility to organize, coordinate and implement licensed hunting in the administrative counties concerned.According to Swedish wolf hunting regulations, the regional authorities are to be involved not only in the achievement of primary policy goals, but are also expected to overcome antagonism and conflict through collaboration. Questioning the normative idea which suggests that public managers are expected simply to implement national legislation at the local level, this paper argues that managers create practices and establish routines that enable them to cope with problems related to the realization of collaborative management. Through a combination of participant observations and semi‐structured interviews conducted with authorities and field‐staff in four administrative counties during the implementation of licensed hunting, this paper concludes that in order to understand how collaborative management of natural resources works, greater attention has to be directed to the way public managers organize their activities, how they cope with their mandate and how they themselves relate to networks of actors.
Development of 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers for Vinca minor (Apocynaceae) via 454 pyrosequencing
Authors: Moeller Sina , Wöhrmann Tina , Huettel Bruno , Weising Kurt 
Published: May 2015

Premise of the study:Polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed in Vinca minor (Apocynaceae) to evaluate the level of clonality, population structure, and genetic diversity of the species within its native and introduced range.Methods and Results:A total of 1371 microsatellites were found in 43,565 reads from 454 pyrosequencing of genomic V. minor DNA. Additional microsatellite loci were mined from publicly available cDNA sequences. After several rounds of screening, 18 primer pairs flanking di‐, tri‐, or tetranucleotide repeats were identified that revealed high levels of genetic diversity in two native Italian populations, with two to 11 alleles per locus. Clonal growth predominated in two populations from the introduced range in Germany. Five loci successfully cross‐amplified in three additional Vinca species.Conclusions:The novel polymorphic microsatellite markers are promising tools for studying clonality and population genetics of V. minor and for assessing the historical origin of Central European populations.
Girard lit Isaïe, le bouquin émissaire ...
Authors: Janthial Dominique 
Published: May 2015

René Girard est un fin lecteur de l’Écriture où il trouve la source première de son inspiration. Bien qu’il eût identifié le « Livre de la Consolation d’Israël, [comme] le plus grandiose peut-être de tous les livres prophétiques », Girard ne put malheureusement surmonter le scandale de la division d’Isaïe en trois entités distinctes pour découvrir dans une lecture unifiée du livre une confirmation magistrale de sa thèse.
« Que vous alliez, que vous portiez du fruit et que votre fruit demeure. »
Authors: Tourpe Emmanuel 
Published: May 2015

Une théologie philosophique de la donation et du consentement ne trouve son équilibre ultime que dans une métaphysique de la fécondité. Celle-ci, complétant rigoureusement l’entreprise « normative » de Blondel ou de Teilhard, se présente comme une « générative » où la vie originaire de Dieu se communique sponsalement dans l’être. Le Dieu qui n’est qu’en faisant être fonde toute différence sur l’identité de l’amour qui génère l’autre comme ressemblance.
En faveur du peuple sacerdotal, le ministère sacramentellement ordonné
Authors: Piret Pierre 
Published: May 2015

Le Christ Prêtre attire l’humanité vers son Père en unissant à lui l’Église, peuple sacerdotal. Les relations se tissent, en vertu de la consécration et de la mission du Christ, entre le sacerdoce commun des baptisés et le sacerdoce ministériel. Cependant, le sacrement de l’Ordre comprend trois degrés, dont l’article met en relief l’interaction : l’épiscopat, le presbytérat et le diaconat. Les évêques et les prêtres sont ordonnés à la mission sacerdotale du Christ ; les diacres attestent que la diaconie (ou service, ou ministère) caractérise les trois degrés de l’Ordre. La double symbolique scripturaire de la Tête et du Corps, de l’Époux et de l’Épouse, éclaire aussi d’autres propos relatifs à l’économie sacramentelle et aux états de vie.
Comment devient-on auteur de cinéma ?
Authors: Alexandre Olivier 
Published: May 2015

Reposant sur une enquête statistique, par entretiens et observations, l’article présente les différentes voies d’accès à l’activité de réalisateur dans le cinéma français. L’auteur y analyse les régularités en termes de parcours (expérience de « l’étranger », passage par l’université, intégration à un secteur artistique adjacent) et les modes d’apprentissage concrets (« court métrage »). Cet essai d’objectivation conduit à relativiser les notions de « vocation » et « d’autodidaxie », catégories angulaires des mondes de l’art.
Evaluation of silent period on masticatory cycles of different muscles in dentate oral contraceptives users and nonusers
Authors: Turcio Karina Helga Leal , Garcia Alício Rosalino , Zuim Paulo Renato Junqueira , Moreno Amália , Goiato Marcelo Coelho , Guiotti Aimée Maria , dos Santos Daniela Micheline 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of oral contraceptive use on the silent period (SP) of anterior temporal and masseter muscles during the menstrual cycle. Materials and Methods: Totally, 28 women on reproductive age were selected including 15 nonusers of any hormone and 13 contraceptive users. All patients were dentate without muscular temporomandibular disorders. Electromyography (SP test) of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles was conducted every week during three consecutive menstrual cycles at 1st day of menstruation (P1), 7th day (P2), 14th day (P3) and 21st day (P4). Results: The SP values in the anterior temporal and masseter muscles were measured at both sides. The SP values of the right side (13.49 ms) at P2 were significantly different compared to the left side (12.28 ms). However, there was no significant difference on the interactions among the three factors. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the SP values in healthy women in reproductive age may not be influenced by the menstrual cycle with similar results for both muscles.
Root canal retreatment using reciprocating and continuous rotary nickel-titanium instruments
Authors: de Souza Patricia Fonseca , Goncalves Leonardo Cantanhede Oliveira , Marques Andre Augusto Franco , Junior Emilio Carlos Sponchiado , Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti , de Carvalho Fredson Marcio Acris 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: The complete filling material removal during endodontic retreatment is a clinical procedure difficult to achieve. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of reciprocating and continuous rotary nickel-titanium instruments used in root canal retreatment. Materials and Methods: Forty freshly extracted human premolars were cleaned and shaped by the crown-down technique, followed by filling by the lateral compaction technique. The teeth were randomly separated into two groups (n = 20), according to the system used for filling material removal: G1 - Reciproc and G2 - ProTaper Universal Retreatment System. The teeth were photographed under operating microscope at ×8 magnification; and the total area of the root canal and remaining filling material were quantified. Results: No statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in residual filling material was observed between groups; however, the time required for filling removal was significantly shorter for Reciproc system (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It was observed remaining filling material in all teeth, irrespective of the system used; however, root canal retreatment was faster when reciprocating motion was used.
Does atraumatic restorative treatment reduce dental anxiety in children? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Simon Arun K. , Bhumika T. V. , Nair N. Sreekumaran 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTDental anxiety is one of the major problems affecting children, which impairs the rendering of dental care, leading to impaired quality of life. It often leads to occupational stress in dental personnel and conflict between parents/caregivers. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials done in children, to synthesize evidence of the effectiveness of atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in reducing dental anxiety in children compared to conventional restorative treatments. The databases searched included PubMed, Google Scholar and The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register. Eligible studies reporting dental anxiety by a variety of psychometric scales were tabulated. The review was conducted and reported in accordance with the guidelines provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. Among 416 studies retrieved through literature search, six studies matched the inclusion criteria. Due to lack of data, only three studies were included for meta-analysis using RevMan software (Review Manager, Version 5.3;The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, 2014). The pooled meta-analysis data, (standardized mean difference − 2.12 [95% confidence interval: −4.52, 0.27]) failed to show any difference between ART group and the conventional treatment group. In conclusion, ART was not more beneficial in reducing dental anxiety among pediatric dental patients. The findings are relevant in the field of clinical practice in dentistry in the management of the anxious pediatric dental patient.
Hypodontia prevalence and distribution pattern in a group of Qatari orthodontic and pediatric patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Al Jawad Feras H. Abed , Al Yafei Hanan , Al Sheeb Muneera , Al Emadi Buthaina , Al hashimi Najah 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in the permanent teeth among a group of the Qatari sample and to compare the present results with findings from other populations. Materials and Methods: Records of 1269 Qatari patients (674 females; mean age 11.8 ± 2.3 and 595 males; mean age 11.4 ± 2.2) which included panoramic radiographs were examined to identify hypodontia. All permanent teeth were investigated except third molars. Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.2% (females 8% and males 4.2%; P < 0.05). The majority of patients had one or two missing teeth. There were no significant differences between right and left sides for any particular tooth. The most frequently missing teeth were maxillary lateral incisors (36.2%), followed by mandibular second premolar (32.6%) and maxillary second premolar (20.2%). Hypodontia was more commonly found unilaterally than bilaterally (63.2% and 44.3%; respectively). Conclusions: The prevalence of hypodontia in a group of the Qatari population was within the average value of the majority of published studies in the literature. Hypodontia was significantly more prevalent in females. Although less prevalent, considerable cases of bilateral missing were found in the present study, which necessitates the urgent need for intervention and multi-disciplinary team approach for management.