bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distress reactions and susceptibility to misinformation for an analogue trauma event
Authors: Sharma Prerika R. , Spearing Emily R. , Wade Kimberley A. , Jobson Laura 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAccuracy of memory is critical in legal and clinical contexts. These contexts are often linked with high levels of emotional distress and social sources that can provide potentially distorting information about stressful events. This study investigated how distress was associated with susceptibility to misinformation about a trauma analogue event. We employed an experimental design whereby in Phase 1, participants (N = 243, aged 20–72, 122 females, 117 males, 4 gender diverse) watched a trauma film (car crash) and heard an audio summary that contained misinformation (misled items), true reminders (consistent items), and no reminders (control items) about the film. Participants rated their total distress, and symptoms of avoidance, intrusions, and hyperarousal, in response to the film. They then completed cued recall, recognition, and source memory tasks. One week later in Phase 2, participants (N = 199) completed the same measures again. Generalised linear mixed models were used. A significant misinformation effect was found, and importantly, participants with higher distress levels showed a smaller misinformation effect, owing to especially poor memory for consistent items compared to their less distressed counterparts. Distress was also associated with improved source memory for misled items. Avoidance of the film’s reminders was associated with a smaller misinformation effect during immediate retrieval and a larger misinformation effect during delayed retrieval. Findings suggest that distress is associated with decreased susceptibility to misinformation in some cases, but also associated with poorer memory accuracy in general. Limitations are discussed, and the need for further research is highlighted.
The effect of vitamin D on the hormonal profile of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kazeminia Mohsen , Rajati Fatemeh , Rasulehvandi Roumina , Rajati Mojgan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is recognized as the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age and the most common cause of infertility. Given the importance of the subject and the inconsistency of the results of the primary studies, the present study aimed at estimating the pooled effect of vitamin D on the hormonal profile of women with PCOS using systematic review and meta-analysis.

Main body
A systematic literature review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science (WoS), Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov databases, and Google Scholar motor engine using related Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Free Text words with no time limit to April 2022. Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using I2 index. After eliminating duplicates and irrelevant studies, ultimately, 19 articles with a sample size of 450 in the intervention group and 450 in the control group were included in the meta-analysis. As a result of the combination of studies, mean the standardized difference (SMD) before and after the intervention was obtained 0.241 ± 0.098 for dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), 0.330 ± 0.092 for sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), 0.707 ± 0.171 for testosterone, 0.614 ± 0.199 for luteinizing hormone (LH), 0.220 ± 0.119 for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 0.655 ± 0.505 for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and 0.369 ± 0.109 for Free Androgen Index (FAI) in the intervention group compared to the control group. The results indicated that 8-week interventions had a greater positive effect than 12-week interventions.

Conclusion
The results of the current meta-analysis revealed a significant positive effect of vitamin D on the hormonal profile of women with PCOS, which should be considered by obstetricians and midwives.
Clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and angiographic predictors for the final infarct size assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance in acute STEMI patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Samir Ahmad , Nagy Sherif , Abdelhamid Magdy , Kandil Hossam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Final infarct size (IS) after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a major predictor of mortality. Seeking early predictors for final IS can guide individualized therapeutic strategies for those recognized to be at higher risk.

Results
Eighty STEMI patients successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) underwent baseline (within 48 h) 2D, 3D echocardiography with speckle tracking and then underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at 3 months to assess the final IS. After recruitment, 4 patients were excluded for uncontainable claustrophobia while 76 patients completed the final analysis. The mean ± standard deviation age was 54.1 ± 10.9 years, 84% were males, 25% had diabetes, 26% were hypertensives, 71% were current smokers, 82% had dyslipidemia, and 18% had a family history of premature coronary artery disease. By 3 months, CMR was performed to accurately evaluate the final IS. In univariate regression analysis, the admission heart rate, baseline and post-pPCI ST elevation, STEMI location (anterior vs. inferior), highest peri-procedural troponin, large thrombus burden, baseline thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade, the final myocardial blush grade, the 2D and 3D left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the 2D and 3D global longitudinal strain (GLS) parameters were significant predictors for the final IS. In the multivariate regression analysis, four models were constructed and recognized the residual post-PCI ST segment elevation, the highest peri-procedural troponin, the 2D-LVEF, 3D-LVEF, and 2D-GLS as significant independent predictors for final IS.

Conclusions
In STEMI patients who underwent successful pPCI, early predictors for the final IS are vital to guide therapeutic decisions. The residual post-pPCI ST elevation, the highest peri-procedural troponin, and the baseline 2D-LVEF, 3D-LVEF, and 2D-GLS can be excellent and timely tools to predict the final IS.
A novel approach, AngioVac use in right-sided infective endocarditis: a scoping review
Authors: Alshair Fahad M. , Alsulami Amal S. , Baghaffar Abdullah H. , Fatani Mazin A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Infective endocarditis is an infection of microbial origin affecting the endocardial layer of the heart, mostly impacting the heart valves. Right-sided infective endocarditis mainly affects the tricuspid valve. In some cases where surgical management is indicated the patients might not be good candidates for surgery. The AngioVac drainage cannula (AngioDynamics, Latham, NY, USA) is a novel device used in debulking and suction of intravascular material. It has been reported in the literature as a novel treatment for patients with right-sided tricuspid valve endocarditis vegetations, where their size is reduced and the efficacy of antibiotics in clearing the bloodstream infection is enhanced.

Methods and results
We conducted a thorough literature review to assess the uses of the AngioVac drainage cannula in the management of right-sided infective endocarditis vegetations and lesions. We collected all reported cases where the system was used for the management of right-sided infective endocarditis and performed an encompassing review of the literature. In the review, we found 65 cases reported using the AngioVac drainage cannula for the removal of right-sided infective endocarditis vegetations. Majority of the cases were successful with no complications (87.6%); 7 (10.7%) cases were successful but there were complications: 2 reported mortalities, 1 patient had worsening TR during follow-up, 3 had recurrence of the vegetation, and 1 patient remained bacteremic. There was only 1 reported failure. Four (6.1%) patients required postprocedural valvular surgery with 3 repairs and a single valve replacement.

Conclusions
The AngioVac system is a possible bailout option for surgeons managing patients with right-sided infective endocarditis vegetations who are not ideal candidates for surgery. With increased reports on its use, it could be effective at reducing the microbiological burden with minimal complications.
Pan-cancer analysis identifies venous thromboembolism-related genes F3, PLAT, and C1S as potential prognostic biomarkers for glioblastoma and lower grade glioma
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhao Qian , Du Yun , Wang Wannan , Liu Cuiqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a prevalent complication among patients with cancer, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. However, the relationship between VTE-related genes (VRGs) and their potential impact on prognosis, immune response, and therapeutic targets in various cancer types remains unclear. Based on the coagulation and complement pathways, we identified hub VRGs that play a role in regulating the immune response in cancer. Specifically, coagulation factor III (F3), plasminogen activator (PLAT) and complement C1s (C1S) were identified as genes that exhibit high expression levels, positively correlating with tumor stemness and copy number variations, while inversely correlating with methylation levels, in particular cancer types. Pan-cancer survival analysis revealed detrimental effects of these VRGs in several cancer types, notably in glioblastoma and lower grade glioma (GMBLGG). Further analysis using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated a high accuracy of F3, PLAT and C1S in predicting outcomes in GBMLGG, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.78 to 0.9. Validation of the prognostic value of these three genes in GMBLGG was conducted using an independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Additionally, gene–drug association analysis identified ciclosporin, ouabain and 6- mercaptopurine, which all exhibit immunosuppressive properties, as potential therapeutic options for tumor patients exhibiting high F3, PLAT or C1S expression, respectively. In summary, our findings provide a bioinformatics perspective on VRGs in pan-cancer, highlighting the pivotal roles of F3, PLAT and C1S, which could potentially be therapeutically exploited and targeted in several cancers, especially in GBMLGG.
Anastrozole vs Letrozole to Augment Height in Pubertal Males With Idiopathic Short Stature: A 3-Year Randomized Trial
Authors: Zegarra Walter , Ranadive Sayali , Toulan Diane , Neely E Kirk 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Insufficient efficacy and safety data for off-label use of aromatase inhibitors to augment height in boys with short stature.

Objective
To compare anastrozole and letrozole in treatment of idiopathic short stature in pubertal boys.

Design
Open-label trial with 2 treatment arms.

Setting
Pediatric Endocrine Clinic at Stanford.

Participants
A total of 79 pubertal males ≥10 years with bone age (BA) ≤ 14 years, predicted adult height (PAH) &lt; 5th percentile or &gt;10 cm below mid-parental height.

Intervention
Anastrozole 1.0 mg or letrozole 2.5 mg daily for up to 3 years.

Main Outcome Measures
Annual hormone levels and growth parameters during treatment and a year posttherapy; annual BA and PAH (primary outcome measure); spine x-rays and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and 2 years.

Results
Compared with anastrozole (n = 35), letrozole (n = 30) resulted in higher testosterone levels, lower estradiol and IGF-1 levels, and slower growth velocity and BA advance. The PAH increase observed at year 1 in both groups did not persist at years 2 and 3. Change in PAH from baseline was not different between treatment groups. In groups combined, PAH gain over 3 years vs baseline was +1.3 cm (P = .043) in linear mixed models.

Conclusion
Letrozole caused greater deviations than anastrozole in hormone levels, growth velocity, and BA advancement, but no group differences in PAH or side effects were found. Change in PAH after 2 to 3 years of treatment was minimal. The efficacy of AI as monotherapy for height augmentation in pubertal boys with idiopathic short stature may be limited, and safety remains an issue.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Care
Authors: Owusu-Agyemang Pascal , Idowu Olakunle , Muthukumar Arun , Guerra-Londono Juan Jose , Idowu Techecia , Diaz Nancy N. , Feng Lei , Miller Malachi , Gundre Satvik , Wright Crystal , Cata Juan P. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Racial and ethnic differences in health care may result in significant morbidity. The objective of this study was to determine whether there was an association between a patient’s race or ethnicity and the receipt of an antiemetic agent preoperatively, during surgery, and in the recovery room.

METHODS:
A single-institution retrospective study of adult patients (>18 years) who had undergone cancer-related operating room procedures under anesthesia between March 2016 and August 2021 was conducted. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to estimate the effects of covariates on antiemetic administration.

RESULTS:
Of the 60,595 patients included in the study, 3053 (5.0%) self-identified as Asian, 5376 (8.9%) as Black, 8431 (13.9%) as Hispanic or Latino, 42,533 (70.2%) as White, and 1202 (2.0%) as belonging to another racial or ethnic group. Multivariable analyses showed significant associations between a patient’s race or ethnicity and the receipt of antiemetics in the preoperative holding area, operating room, and recovery room (all P < .001). In the preoperative holding area, White patients (8962 of 42,533 [21.1%]; odds ratio [OR], 1.188; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.100–1.283; P < .001) had higher odds of receiving an antiemetic than Black patients (1006 of 5376 [18.7%]). Intraoperatively, the odds were significantly greater for Hispanic or Latino (7323 of 8431 [86.9%]; OR, 1.175; 95% CI, 1.065–1.297; P = .001) and patients who identified as belonging to another race (1078 of 1202 [89.7%]; OR, 1.582; 95% CI, 1.290–1.941; P < .001) than for Black patients (4468 of 5376 [83.1%]). In the recovery room, Asian (499 of 3053 [16.3%]; OR, 1.328; 95% CI: 1.127–1.561; P < .001), Hispanic or Latino (1335 of 8431 [15.8%]; OR, 1.208; 95% CI, 1.060–1.377; P < .005), and White patients (6533 of 42,533 [15.4%]; OR, 1.276; 95% CI, 1.140–1.427; P < .001) had significantly higher odds of receiving antiemetics than Black patients (646 of 5376 [12%]).

CONCLUSIONS:
This retrospective study suggests significant differences between the administrations of antiemetics to patients of different races or ethnicities, with Black patients often being less likely to receive an antiemetic than patients belonging to all other races or ethnicities.
Preoperative Atelectasis in Patients with Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mancilla-Galindo Javier , Ortiz-Gomez Jesus Elias , Pérez-Nieto Orlando Rubén , De Jong Audrey , Escarramán-Martínez Diego , Kammar-García Ashuin , Ramírez Mata Luis Carlos , Díaz Adriana Mendez , Guerrero-Gutiérrez Manuel Alberto 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pulmonary atelectasis is present even before surgery in patients with obesity. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and extension of preoperative atelectasis in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery and to determine if variation in preoperative Spo
2 values in the seated position at room air is explained by the extent of atelectasis coverage in the supine position.

METHODS:
This was a cross-sectional study in a single center specialized in laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Preoperative chest computed tomographies were reassessed by a senior radiologist to quantify the extent of atelectasis coverage as a percentage of total lung volume. Patients were classified as having atelectasis when the affection was ≥2.5%, to estimate the prevalence of atelectasis. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and odds ratios (aORs) were obtained to assess the relative prevalence of atelectasis and percentage coverage, respectively, with increasing obesity category. Inverse probability weighting was used to assess the total, direct (not mediated), and indirect (mediated through atelectasis) effects of body mass index (BMI) on preoperative Spo
2, and to quantify the magnitude of mediation (proportion mediated). E-values were calculated, to represent the minimum magnitude of association that an unmeasured confounder with the same directionality of the effect should have to drive the observed point estimates or lower confidence intervals (CIs) to 1, respectively.

RESULTS:
In 236 patients with a median BMI of 40.3 kg/m2 (interquartile range [IQR], 34.6–46.0, range: 30.0–77.3), the overall prevalence of atelectasis was 32.6% (95% CI, 27.0–38.9) and by BMI category: 30 to 35 kg/m2, 12.7% (95% CI, 6.1–24.4); 35 to 40 kg/m2, 28.3% (95% CI, 17.2–42.6); 40 to 45 kg/m2, 12.3% (95% CI, 5.5–24.3); 45 to 50 kg/m2, 48.4% (95% CI, 30.6–66.6); and ≥50 units, 100% (95% CI, 86.7–100). Compared to the 30 to 35 kg/m2 group, only the categories with BMI ≥45 kg/m2 had significantly higher relative prevalence of atelectasis—45 to 50 kg/m2, aPR = 3.52 (95% CI, 1.63–7.61, E-value lower bound: 2.64) and ≥50 kg/m2, aPR = 8.0 (95% CI, 4.22–15.2, E-value lower bound: 7.91)—and higher odds of greater atelectasis percentage coverage: 45–50 kg/m2, aOR = 7.5 (95% CI, 2.7–20.9) and ≥50 kg/m2, aOR = 91.5 (95% CI, 30.0–279.3). Atelectasis percent alone explained 70.2% of the variation in preoperative Spo
2. The proportion of the effect of BMI on preoperative Spo
2 values <96% mediated through atelectasis was 81.5% (95% CI, 56.0–100).

CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence and extension of atelectasis increased with higher BMI, being significantly higher at BMI ≥45 kg/m2. Preoperative atelectasis mediated the effect of BMI on Spo
2 at room air in the seated position.
Direct laser write lithography for high optical quality electrowetting prisms
Authors: Miscles Eduardo J. , Zohrabi Mo , Gopinath Juliet T. , Bright Victor M. 
Published: August 2024

This study demonstrates the fabrication and evaluation of a monolithic electrowetting prism with a minimized electrode gap. The electrically tunable prism is capable of two-dimensional beam steering of approximately ±4 degrees under voltage differentials up to ±15 V. The main innovation lies in reducing the electrode gap to 30 μm, accomplished using direct write laser lithography on three dimensional substrates. Through simulations and experimental validation, we show that reducing the gap between electrodes to 30 μm enables the transmission of a 1.2 mm diameter beam with negligible impact on imaging quality. The improved imaging quality makes electrowetting prisms an attractive option for future advancements in optical scanning technologies.
Norepinephrine mediates heart block during severe hypoglycemia in male rats
Authors: Nuibe Emily H. , Chambers Matthew E. , Reno‐Bernstein Candace M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHypoglycemia is common in people with type 1 diabetes. Sometimes, severe hypoglycemia can be fatal. The underlying mechanisms by which severe hypoglycemia can lead to death are unclear. The sympathetic nervous system is thought to be proarrhythmic. We hypothesized that norepinephrine is the main mediator of severe hypoglycemia‐induced fatal cardiac arrhythmias. To test this hypothesis, adult, non‐diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to hyperinsulinemic‐severe hypoglycemic clamps (3 h, 10–15 mg/dL) during two different experiments: (1) intracerebroventricular (ICV) norepinephrine (n = 26) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) (n = 20) infusion or (2) blockade of norepinephrine release by intraperitoneal reserpine (n = 20) or control (n = 29). In experiment 1, brain norepinephrine infusion during severe hypoglycemia led to a 2.5‐fold increase in third‐degree heart block and a 24% incidence of ST elevation compared to no ST elevation in aCSF controls. In experiment 2, reserpine successfully reduced plasma and cardiac norepinephrine levels. During severe hypoglycemia, reserpine completely prevented second and third‐degree heart block and T wave increases, a marker of myocardial infarction, compared to controls. In conclusion, norepinephrine increases while reserpine, used to reduce norepinephrine nerve terminal release, reduces heart block and markers of myocardial infarction during severe hypoglycemia.
Intelligent collision avoidance strategy for all-electric propulsion GEO satellite orbit transfer control
Authors: Yang Yue , Hao Yuanhui , Ke Liangjun , Liu Jiangong , Huang Jingqi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The all-electric propulsion Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite, characterized by its low launch cost, high precision control, and long operational lifespan, has become a focal point in aerospace research worldwide. During its orbital transfer control, this satellite continuously performs weak maneuvers across various orbits including LEO, MEO, and GEO, creating a potential “weavin” effect with other space objects, thereby dramatically increasing the risk of collisions. To effectively mitigate collision risks, this article proposes a collision warning analysis strategy based on deviation orbits. Through the categorization of warning space domain interval level, deviation orbit coverage calculation, and dynamic analysis of control parameters, a collision warning success rate of 100% is ensured. In addition, a collision avoidance algorithm based on deviation orbit control strategy is established, ensuring a 100% success rate in collision avoidance through precision calibration of electric thrust, optimization of deviation orbit control strategy, and autonomous generation of control strategy. Furthermore, a dynamic intelligent collision avoidance model based on orbit prediction error compensation is designed. By constructing an orbit prediction error analysis model, error learning model, and error compensation model, perturbation error in the orbit model are corrected, leading to an accuracy improvement of over 25% in prediction. The experimental results validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed methods, ensuring the safety requirements for collision warning and avoidance during the orbital transfer control process of all-electric propulsion GEO satellites.
Containment-Control linearer Multi-Agenten-Systeme mittels Kontinuumsmodellen
Authors: Jung Nick , Deutscher Joachim 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag behandelt das Containment-Control-Problem für lineare Multi-Agenten-Systeme (MAS) unter Verwendung von Kontinuumsmodellen. Bei diesem kooperativen Regelungsproblem muss ein Netzwerk-Regler für das MAS in Anwesenheit von Störungen bestimmt werden, welcher die Konvergenz der Agenten in einen durch die dynamischen Führungsagenten aufgespannten Bereich, der sogenannten Containment-Area, sicherstellt. Diese Aufgabenstellung wird auf eine Führungs- und Störgrößenaufschaltung für ein Kontinuumsmodell unabhängig von der Agentenanzahl zurückgeführt. Dabei können beliebige Agentenformationen, welche sich durch Bézierkurven beschreiben lassen, in der Containment-Area vorgegeben werden. Der zugehörige Entwurf eines Folgereglers erfolgt mittels des bilateralen Backsteppings, womit der Stellaufwand gezielt auf die beiden Randagenten verteilt werden kann. Die verteilte Lösung des Containment Problems ergibt sich durch einen Kontinuumssignalmodellbeobachter, welcher die Zustände des Führungs- und Störmodells an alle Agenten kommuniziert. Die zugehörige Kommunikationstopologie wird durch eine Ortsdiskretisierung eingeprägt. Ein Simulationsbeispiel veranschaulicht die neue Methode zum Netzwerkreglerentwurf.