bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autosomal‐dominant Alzheimer's disease mutations at the same codon of amyloid precursor protein differentially alter Aβ production
Authors: Suárez‐Calvet Marc , Belbin Olivia , Pera Marta , Badiola Nahuai , Magrané Jordi , Guardia‐Laguarta Cristina , Muñoz Laia , Colom‐Cadena Martí , Clarimón Jordi , Lleó Alberto 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAutosomal‐dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) or Presenilin (PSEN) genes. Studying the mechanisms underlying these mutations can provide insight into the pathways that lead to AD pathology. The majority of biochemical studies on APP mutations to‐date have focused on comparing mechanisms between mutations at different codons. It has been assumed that amino acid position is a major determinant of protein dysfunction and clinical phenotype. However, the differential effect of mutations at the same codon has not been sufficiently addressed. In the present study we compared the effects of the aggressive ADAD‐associated APP I716F mutation with I716V and I716T on APP processing in human neuroglioma and CHO‐K1 cells. All APP I716 mutations increased the ratio of Aβ42/40 and changed the product line preference of γ‐secretase towards Aβ38 production. In addition, the APP I716F mutation impaired the ε‐cleavage and the fourth cleavage of γ‐secretase and led to abnormal APP β‐CTF accumulation at the plasma membrane. Taken together, these data indicate that APP mutations at the same codon can induce diverse abnormalities in APP processing, some resembling PSEN1 mutations. These differential effects could explain the clinical differences observed among ADAD patients bearing different APP mutations at the same position.
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The amyloid precursor protein (APP) I716F mutation is associated with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease with the youngest age‐at‐onset for the APP locus. Here, we describe that this mutation, when compared to two other familial Alzheimer's disease mutations at the same codon (I716V and I716T), interfered distinctly with γ‐secretase cleavage. While all three mutations direct γ‐secretase cleavage towards the 48→38 production line, the APP I716F mutation also impaired the ε‐cleavage and the fourth cleavage of γ‐secretase, resembling a PSEN1 mutation. These features may contribute to the aggressiveness of this mutation.
Spikar, a novel drebrin‐binding protein, regulates the formation and stabilization of dendritic spines
Authors: Yamazaki Hiroyuki , Kojima Nobuhiko , Kato Kenichi , Hirose Eiji , Iwasaki Toshiharu , Mizui Toshiyuki , Takahashi Hideto , Hanamura Kenji , Roppongi Reiko T. , Koibuchi Noriyuki , Sekino Yuko , Mori Nozomu , Shirao Tomoaki 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDendritic spines are small, actin‐rich protrusions on dendrites, the development of which is fundamental for the formation of neural circuits. The actin cytoskeleton is central to dendritic spine morphogenesis. Drebrin is an actin‐binding protein that is thought to initiate spine formation through a unique drebrin‐actin complex at postsynaptic sites. However drebrin overexpression in neurons does not increase the final density of dendritic spines. In this study, we have identified and characterized a novel drebrin‐binding protein, spikar. Spikar is localized in cell nuclei and dendritic spines, and accumulation of spikar in dendritic spines directly correlates with spine density. A reporter gene assay demonstrated that spikar acts as a transcriptional co‐activator for nuclear receptors. We found that dendritic spine, but not nuclear, localization of spikar requires drebrin.RNA‐interference knockdown and overexpression experiments demonstrated that extranuclear spikar regulates dendritic spine density by modulatingde novospine formation and retraction of existing spines. Unlike drebrin, spikar does not affect either the morphology or function of dendritic spines. These findings indicate that drebrin‐mediated postsynaptic accumulation of spikar regulates spine density, but is not involved in regulation of spine morphology.imageThis study identified a novel drebrin‐binding protein, spikar, which is a novel transcriptional co‐activator. Drebrin serves to anchor spikar in dendritic spines.　Spikar knockdown decreases a spine density by attenuating the spine stability and inhibiting de novo spine formation. Extranuclear spikar rescues the spine decrease in spikar knockdowned neurons. Spikar overexpression increases a spine density in drebrin‐dependent manner.
Synaptic activity bidirectionally regulates a novel sequence‐specific S‐Q phosphoproteome in neurons
Authors: Siddoway Benjamin , Hou Hailong , Yang Hongtian , Petralia Ronald , Xia Houhui 
Published: October 2013

AbstractProtein phosphorylation plays a critical role in neuronal transcription, translation, cell viability, and synaptic plasticity. In neurons, phospho‐enzymes and specific substrates directly link glutamate release and post‐synaptic depolarization to these cellular functions; however, many of these enzymes and their protein substrates remain uncharacterized or unidentified. In this article, we identify a novel, synaptically driven neuronal phosphoproteome characterized by a specific motif of serine/threonine‐glutamine ([S/T]‐Q, abbreviated as SQ). These SQ‐containing substrates are predominantly localized to dendrites, synapses, the soma; and activation of this SQ phosphoproteome by bicuculline application is induced via calcium influx through L‐type calcium channels. On the other hand, acute application of NMDA can inactivate this SQ phosphoproteome. We demonstrate that the SQ motif kinase Ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated can also localize to dendrites and dendritic spines, in addition to other subcellular compartments, and is activated by bicuculline application. Pharmacology studies indicate that Ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated and its sister kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3‐related up‐regulate these neuronal SQ substrates. Phosphoproteomics identified over 150 SQ‐containing substrates whose phosphorylation is bidirectionally regulated by synaptic activity.
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We discovered a novel phosphoproteome in neurons which is characterized by the phosphorylation of a specific motif (serine/threonine‐glutamine, abbreviated as SQ). The SQ phosphoproteome is activated directly by synaptic activity‐mediated Ca2+ influx from L‐type calcium channels, and is localized to multiple subcellular domains, including dendritic shafts/spines. Substrates identified in this phosphoproteome exhibit diverse subcellular localizations and functions.
The development of a normalization method for comparing nerve regeneration effectiveness among different graft types
Authors: Chang Wei , DeVince Jeffrey , Green Gabriella , Shah Munish Bhupendra , Johns Michael S. , Meng Yan , Yu Xiaojun 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe inability to compare directly different nerve grafts has been a significant factor hindering the advance of nerve graft development. Due to the abundance of variables that exist in nerve graft construction and multiple assessment types, there has been limited success in comparing nerve graft effectiveness among experiments. Using mathematical techniques on nerve conduction velocity (NCV) autograft data, a normalization function was empirically derived that normalizes differences in gap lengths. Further analysis allowed for the development of the relative regeneration ratio (RRR). The RRR function allows researchers to directly compare nerve graft results based on the NCV data from their respective studies as long as the data was collected at the same post‐operation time. This function also allows for comparisons between grafts tested at different gap lengths. Initial testing of this RRR function provided confidence that the function is accurate for a continuum of gap lengths and different nerve graft types.
A New Theoretical Model for the Development of Pressure Ulcers and Other Dependence‐Related Lesions
Authors: García‐Fernández Francisco Pedro , Agreda J. Javier Soldevilla , Verdú José , Pancorbo‐Hidalgo Pedro L. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo review the risk factors included in pressure ulcer risk assessment scales and construct a theoretical model for identifying the etiological factors of skin ulcers, excluding those of systemic origin (e.g., venous, arterial, and neuropathic).MethodsConsensus study with expert panel (Delphi Method) based on a structured review of the literature. A search was conducted of the main databases between 1962 and 2009 with no language limitations. All descriptive or validation studies were included, but the grey literature was excluded. After identifying the risk factors in each scale, they were grouped into risk dimensions as a basis for constructing a new theoretical model.ResultsEighty‐three risk factors were identified in the 56 scales reviewed, and the risk factors were then classified by the expert panel into 23 risk dimensions. These dimensions were used to construct a new theoretical model (middle‐range theory) for chronic wound development that explains the production mechanism of seven types of lesion: moisture, pressure, friction, combined pressure‐moisture, combined pressure‐friction, multifactorial lesions, and coadjuvant factors. These lesions were generically defined as dependence‐related injuries.ConclusionsBased on the classification of risk factors from the different scales into risk dimensions, a new middle‐range theory was constructed that explains the production mechanism of seven dependence‐related lesions considered to date as pressure ulcers.Clinical RelevanceThe prevention and treatment of these lesions requires a correct diagnosis and differentiation of their cause and management of the risk dimensions involved. The type of lesion also influences the selection of local approach.
Typologies of Professional Identity Among Graduating Baccalaureate‐Prepared Nurses
Authors: Hensel Desiree 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify patterns of professional identity arising from the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) attitudes among students completing their prelicensure education.DesignThis mixed‐method study used a modified Q‐methodology design with a purposeful sample of 36 baccalaureate students graduating from three campuses of a large Midwestern university. Data were collected near the end of the spring semester of 2013.MethodsParticipants rank‐ordered their agreement or disagreement with a set of subjective statements reflecting the 46 QSEN attitudes. Data were analyzed using a standard three‐step approach that included generating a correlation matrix, completing factor analysis followed by varimax rotation, and calculating the factor scores.FindingsTwenty statements represented consensus among the participants, and there was strong agreement that patient safety was both an individual and a team effort. Three professional identity typologies emerged: champions, collaborators, and individualists.ConclusionsEvidence was found that these students internalized the QSEN attitudes to varying degrees, but more work may be needed to internalize all attitudes, especially those related to patient‐centered care. Future research is needed to evaluate how students with different perspectives transition to practice and to explore other factors that comprise professional identity.Clinical RelevanceThis study expands on what is known about patterns of professional identity among nurses and helps provide a beginning framework for understanding the values new graduates bring to practice.
Group psychotherapy in women with a history of sexual abuse: what did they find helpful?
Authors: Sayın Aslıhan , Candansayar Selçuk , Welkin Leyla 
Published: October 2013

Aims and objectivesTo define the effects of group psychotherapy in women with a history of sexual abuse, to find possible predictors for dropout and treatment outcome rates and to find which therapeutic factors of group psychotherapy are perceived by group members to be most helpful.BackgroundSexual abuse of women is a global concern and causes many psychiatric and psychological sequelae. Group psychotherapy is one of the preferred treatment modalities.DesignProspective cohort study.MethodsForty‐seven women with a history of childhood and/or adulthood sexual abuse were recruited for weekly 12‐session group psychotherapy. Subjects were given the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, the Clinician Administered Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder Scale, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Group Therapeutic Factors Questionnaire. Re‐evaluations were made after the 6th and 12th session and also at a six‐month follow‐up session.ResultsGroup psychotherapy significantly reduced participants' levels of depression (screening/12th session mean scores, 22·45/11·10), anxiety (15·45/4·32) and symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder (42·27/9·32), and this decline became statistically significant at the 6th session and tended to persist at the six‐month follow‐up. Higher levels of dissociative symptoms at baseline were associated with less response to treatment, but higher levels of attendance at group sessions. Group members rated existential factors (41·40 ± 12·39), cohesiveness (37·42 ± 8·32) and universalism (37·56 ± 7·11) as the most helpful therapeutic factors.ConclusionGroup psychotherapy was significantly effective in reducing levels of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in this sample of women. Dissociation had a significant effect on both treatment outcome and treatment adherence. For this sample of women, group psychotherapy was most helpful for reducing feelings of stigma, isolation and shame.Relevance to clinical practiceGroup psychotherapy can be used as a preferred treatment method for women from different cultural backgrounds with a history of sexual abuse.
The relationship between job satisfaction and intention to leave current employment among registered nurses in a teaching hospital
Authors: Ramoo Vimala , Abdullah Khatijah L , Piaw Chua Yan 
Published: October 2013

Aims and objectivesTo assessMalaysian nurses' perceived job satisfaction and to determine whether any association exists between job satisfaction and intention to leave current employment.BackgroundThere is currently a shortage of qualified nurses, and healthcare organisations often face challenges in retaining trained nurses. Job satisfaction has been identified as a factor that influences nurse turnover. However, this has not been widely explored in Malaysia.DesignCross‐sectional survey.MethodsRegistered nurses in a teaching hospital inMalaysia completed a self‐administered questionnaire. Of the 150 questionnaires distributed, 141 were returned (response rate = 94%).ResultsOverall, nurses had a moderate level of job satisfaction, with higher satisfaction for motivational factors. Significant effects were observed between job satisfaction and demographic variables. About 40% of the nurses intended to leave their current employment. Furthermore, age, work experience and nursing education had significant associations with intention to leave. Logistic regression analysis revealed that job satisfaction was a significant and independent predictor of nurses' intention to leave after controlling for demographic variables.ConclusionThe results suggest that there is a significant association between job satisfaction and nurses' intention to leave their current employment. It adds to the existing literature on the relationship between nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave.Relevance to clinical practiceMethods for enhancing nurses' job satisfaction are vital to promote the long‐term retention of nurses within organisations. Attention must be paid to the needs of younger nurses, as they represent the majority of the nursing workforce and often have lower satisfaction and greater intention to leave than older nurses do. Strategies to nurture younger nurses, such as providing opportunities for further education, greater management decision‐making capabilities and flexible working environment, are essential.
Predicting falls using two instruments (the Hendrich Fall Risk Model and the Morse Fall Scale) in an acute care setting in Lebanon
Authors: Nassar Nada , Helou Nancy , Madi Chantal 
Published: October 2013

Aims and objectivesTo assess the predictive value of two instruments (the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) and the Heindrich II Fall Risk Model (HFRM)] in a Middle Eastern country (Lebanon) and to evaluate the factors that are related to falls.DesignA prospective observational cross‐sectional design was used.BackgroundFalls and fall‐related injuries in the acute care settings contribute a substantial health and economic burden on patients and organisations. Preventing falls is a priority for most healthcare organisations. While the risk of falling cannot be eliminated, it can be significantly reduced through accurate assessment of patients' risk of falling.MethodsData from 1815 inpatients at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) in Lebanon were evaluated using two instruments to predict falls: the MFS and the HFRM.ResultsThe incidence of falls was 2·7% in one year. The results indicate that while the instruments were significantly correlated, the HFRM was more sensitive in predicting falls than the MFS. The internal consistency of both scales was moderate, but inter‐rater reliability was high. Patients using antiepileptic drugs and assistance devises had higher odds of falling.ConclusionsAlthough both instruments were easy to use in a Middle Eastern country, the HFRM rather than the MFS is recommended for inpatients in an acute care setting as it had higher sensitivity and specificity.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is recommended that while the HFRM had adequate sensitivity, it is not seamless, and as such, nurses should not rely entirely on it. Rather, nurses should use their expert clinical judgement, their ethical obligations and cultural considerations to implement a safer environment of care for the patient.
Women's experiences of sexual health after first‐time myocardial infarction
Authors: Søderberg Lene H , Johansen Pernille P , Herning Margrethe , Berg Selina K 
Published: October 2013

Aims and objectivesTo investigate women's experience of sexual problems after a myocardial infarction.BackgroundSexual problems among female patients with ischaemic heart disease have received little study but have been found to be highly prevalent in the research. Sexual problems have been found to influence quality of life and well‐being, and sexual dysfunction has been associated with anxiety and depression. International guidelines recommend that healthcare professionals address sexuality; however, this is rarely done in practice, due to multiple causes, for example ignorance, embarrassment and lack of systematic treatment. Insight into women's sexual challenges after having a myocardial infarction is much needed.DesignQualitative interview study.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with 11 patients representative of the population and later transcribed. The analysis was inspired by Ricoeur's theory of interpretation, which consists of three levels: naive reading, structured analysis, and critical interpretation and discussion.ResultsThe overall finding that emerged regarding the women's sexual health was an anxious resuming of sexual activity. Four themes emerged: (1) the partner, (2) support, (3) the heart disease's influence on sex and (4) the relationship.ConclusionThe women experienced anxious resuming of sexual activity. The heart disease had influence on their sex life, and relationship with their partner could be affected. Some needed support from health professionals or their network to dare sexual activity again.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study indicates that health professionals should focus more on identifying anxiety and exhaustion after myocardial infarction and articulating their potential influence on women's sexual lives. Whether this should be addressed in the hospital setting, in the phase 2 rehabilitation at the general practitioner level or in combination has to be considered and may be the basis for further research.
Effect of spiritual intelligence, emotional intelligence, psychological ownership and burnout on caring behaviour of nurses: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kaur Devinder , Sambasivan Murali , Kumar Naresh 
Published: October 2013

Aims and objectivesTo propose a model of prediction of caring behaviour among nurses that includes spiritual intelligence, emotional intelligence, psychological ownership and burnout.BackgroundCaring behaviour of nurses contributes to the patients’ satisfaction, well‐being and subsequently to the performance of the healthcare organisations. This behaviour is influenced by physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental and spiritual factors.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was used, and data were analysed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling.MethodsData were collected between July–August 2011. A sample of 550 nurses in practice from seven public hospitals in and around Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) completed the questionnaire that captured five constructs. Besides nurses, 348 patients from seven hospitals participated in the study and recorded their overall satisfaction with the hospital and the services provided by the nurses. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM).ResultsThe key findings are: (1) spiritual intelligence influences emotional intelligence and psychological ownership, (2) emotional intelligence influences psychological ownership, burnout and caring behaviour of nurses, (3) psychological ownership influences burnout and caring behaviour of nurses, (4) burnout influences caring behaviour of nurses, (5) psychological ownership mediates the relationship between spiritual intelligence and caring behaviour and between emotional intelligence and caring behaviour of nurses and (6) burnout mediates the relationship between spiritual intelligence and caring behaviour and between psychological ownership and caring behaviour of nurses.ConclusionsIdentifying the factors that affect caring behaviour of nurses is critical to improving the quality of patient care. Spiritual intelligence, emotional intelligence, psychological ownership and burnout of nurses play a significant role in effecting caring behaviour of nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceHealthcare providers must consider the relationships between these factors in their continuing care and incorporation of these in the nursing curricula and training.