bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consensus criteria for defining ‘successful outcome’ after ACL injury and reconstruction: a Delaware-Oslo ACL cohort investigation
Authors: Lynch Andrew D , Logerstedt David S , Grindem Hege , Eitzen Ingrid , Hicks Gregory E , Axe Michael J , Engebretsen Lars , Risberg May Arna , Snyder-Mackler Lynn 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundNo gold standard exists for identifying successful outcomes 1 and 2 years after operative and non-operative management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. This limits the ability of a researcher and clinicians to compare and contrast the results of interventions.PurposeTo establish a consensus based on expert consensus of measures that define successful outcomes 1 and 2 years after ACL injury or reconstruction.MethodsMembers of international sports medicine associations, including the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, the European Society for Sports Traumatology, Surgery, and Knee Arthroscopy and the American Physical Therapy Association, were sent a survey via email. Blinded responses were analysed for trends with frequency counts. A summed importance percentage (SIP) was calculated and 80% SIP operationally indicated consensus.Results1779 responses were obtained. Consensus was achieved for six measures in operative and non-operative management: the absence of giving way, patient return to sports, quadriceps and hamstrings’ strength greater than 90% of the uninvolved limb, the patient having not more than a mild knee joint effusion and using patient-reported outcomes (PRO). No single PRO achieved consensus, but threshold scores between 85 and 90 were established for PROs concerning patient performance.ConclusionsThe consensus identified six measures important for successful outcome after ACL injury or reconstruction. These represent all levels of the International Classification of Functioning: effusion, giving way, muscle strength (body structure and function), PRO (activity and participation) and return to sport (participation), and should be included to allow for comparison between interventions.
Towards efficient indexing of arbitrary similarity
Authors: Bartoš Tomáš , Skopal Tomáš , Moško Juraj 
Published: July 2013

The popularity of similarity search expanded with the increased interest in multimedia databases, bioinformatics, or social networks, and with the growing number of users trying to find information in huge collections of unstructured data. During the exploration, the users handle database objects in different ways based on the utilized similarity models, ranging from simple to complex models. Efficient indexing techniques for similarity search are required especially for growing databases.
In this paper, we study implementation possibilities of the recently announced theoretical framework SIMDEX, the task of which is to algorithmically explore a given similarity space and find possibilities for efficient indexing. Instead of a fixed set of indexing properties, such as metric space axioms, SIMDEX aims to seek for alternative properties that are valid in a particular similarity model (database) and, at the same time, provide efficient indexing. In particular, we propose to implement the fundamental parts of SIMDEX by means of the genetic programming (GP) which we expect will provide highquality resulting set of expressions (axioms) useful for indexing.
New Strategies in Pediatric Gliomas: Molecular Advances in Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas as a Model
Authors: Raabe Eric , Kieran Mark W. , Cohen Kenneth J. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGG) account for more brain tumors in children than any other histologic subtype. While surgery, chemotherapy and radiation remain the mainstay of upfront treatment, recent advances in molecular interrogation of pLGG have shown a small number of recurring genetic mutations in these tumors that might be exploited therapeutically. Notable findings include abnormalities in the RAS/MAP kinase pathway such as NF-1 loss or BRAF activation and mTOR activation. Recent identification of activating re-arrangements in c-MYB and MYBL1 in pediatric diffuse astrocytoma also provide candidates for therapeutic intervention. Targeting these molecularly identified pathways may allow for improved outcomes for patients as pediatric oncology moves into the era of biology-driven medicine. Clin Cancer Res; 19(17); 4553–8. ©2013 AACR.
DNA Methylation of the SLC16A3 Promoter Regulates Expression of the Human Lactate Transporter MCT4 in Renal Cancer with Consequences for Clinical Outcome
Authors: Fisel Pascale , Kruck Stephan , Winter Stefan , Bedke Jens , Hennenlotter Jörg , Nies Anne T. , Scharpf Marcus , Fend Falko , Stenzl Arnulf , Schwab Matthias , Schaeffeler Elke 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Purpose: The monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is a metabolic target in tumor biology because it mediates lactate transport across membranes resulting in antiapoptotic effects. Cell experiments support the importance of MCT4 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In this study, we assessed the prognostic potential of MCT4 expression in ccRCC and its epigenetic regulation by DNA methylation as novel predictive marker for patient outcome using independent ccRCC cohorts.
Experimental Design: MCT4 protein expression was quantified in 207 ccRCC and corresponding nontumor tissues. Data of an independent ccRCC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed on MCT4 mRNA (n = 482) and DNA methylation (n = 283) level. The findings on MCT4 expression and DNA methylation in the SLC16A3 promoter were validated in a third cohort (n = 64). Promoter activity assays were conducted in four RCC cell lines.
Results: MCT4 protein expression was upregulated (P &lt; 0.0001) in ccRCC and showed significant association with cancer-related death. Upregulation of MCT4 mRNA expression (P &lt; 0.00001) was confirmed in the TCGA cohort. Single CpG sites correlated inversely with mRNA expression and were associated with overall survival in Kaplan–Meier analyses [HR = 0.39; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.24–0.64; P[log-rank] = 1.23e−04]. Promoter activity studies confirmed MCT4 regulation by DNA methylation. The significant correlation between MCT4 protein and gene expression or DNA methylation at single CpG sites was validated in a third cohort. Again, higher methylation at individual CpG sites was associated with prolonged survival [HR = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01–0.40; P[log-rank] = 6.91e−05].
Conclusion: We identified SLC16A3 promoter DNA methylation as a novel epigenetic mechanism for MCT4 regulation in ccRCC with first evidence of a biological rationale for prognosis and clinical outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 19(18); 5170–81. ©2013 AACR.
BMN 673, a Novel and Highly Potent PARP1/2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Human Cancers with DNA Repair Deficiency
Authors: Shen Yuqiao , Rehman Farah L. , Feng Ying , Boshuizen Julia , Bajrami Ilirjana , Elliott Richard , Wang Bing , Lord Christopher J. , Post Leonard E. , Ashworth Alan 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Purpose: PARP1/2 inhibitors are a class of anticancer agents that target tumor-specific defects in DNA repair. Here, we describe BMN 673, a novel, highly potent PARP1/2 inhibitor with favorable metabolic stability, oral bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic properties.
Experimental Design: Potency and selectivity of BMN 673 was determined by biochemical assays. Anticancer activity either as a single-agent or in combination with other antitumor agents was evaluated both in vitro and in xenograft cancer models.
Results: BMN 673 is a potent PARP1/2 inhibitor (PARP1 IC50 = 0.57 nmol/L), but it does not inhibit other enzymes that we have tested. BMN 673 exhibits selective antitumor cytotoxicity and elicits DNA repair biomarkers at much lower concentrations than earlier generation PARP1/2 inhibitors (such as olaparib, rucaparib, and veliparib). In vitro, BMN 673 selectively targeted tumor cells with BRCA1, BRCA2, or PTEN gene defects with 20- to more than 200-fold greater potency than existing PARP1/2 inhibitors. BMN 673 is readily orally bioavailable, with more than 40% absolute oral bioavailability in rats when dosed in carboxylmethyl cellulose. Oral administration of BMN 673 elicited remarkable antitumor activity in vivo; xenografted tumors that carry defects in DNA repair due to BRCA mutations or PTEN deficiency were profoundly sensitive to oral BMN 673 treatment at well-tolerated doses in mice. Synergistic or additive antitumor effects were also found when BMN 673 was combined with temozolomide, SN38, or platinum drugs.
Conclusion: BMN 673 is currently in early-phase clinical development and represents a promising PARP1/2 inhibitor with potentially advantageous features in its drug class. Clin Cancer Res; 19(18); 5003–15. ©2013 AACR.
Cartas pessoais entre crianças brasileiras, portuguesas e angolanas
Authors: Arena Dagoberto Buim , Santos Sonia Oliveira , Miller Stela 
Published: July 2013

Este artigo analisa os resultados de dados obtidos pela realização, entre 2008 e 2009, de projeto de extensão e de pesquisa relativo à troca de cartas internacionais entre professores e alunos de escolas de ensino fundamental das cidades de Garça e Marília, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, com uma escola na cidade de Azaruja, em Portugal e outra na cidade de Luanda, Angola. Foi desenvolvido por equipe de alunos e professores da UNESP de Marília, com a finalidade de promover o intercâmbio por meio de cartas pessoais, para que os alunos, entre 8 e 9 anos de idade, pudessem se apropriar da língua escrita, no caso a portuguesa, e compreendê-la como instrumento impregnado da cultura. A escolha desse gênero, no universo do gênero epistolar, foi feita por propiciar a participação do outro na configuração de relações dialógicas de construção de enunciados, tomadas como referência em uma concepção bakhtiniana de linguagem. Teve como objetivos (1) apontar, nas cartas trocadas, entre professores, e entre os alunos portugueses, brasileiros e angolanos, nos primeiros anos escolares, os indícios de assunção de condutas linguísticas de autoria que poderiam sinalizar o início da autonomia no uso da modalidade escrita de linguagem, ou indícios de condutas de submissão; (2) revelar os instrumentos linguísticos de teor cultural utilizados na construção de enunciados indicadores dos costumes de cada povo, entre eles os que constituem os fazeres escolares. Para a geração dos dados foram utilizados princípios de pesquisa-ação, que possibilitaram a ação direta, junto aos professores brasileiros, e indireta, no caso dos docentes estrangeiros. Da análise do corpus da pesquisa - cartas trocadas entre professores e alunos – constata-se que a apropriação da língua como um ato discursivo em realização no seio das relações humanas faz da velha correspondência pessoal um instrumento poderoso de evolução no domínio da língua escrita.
A aplicação das TICs no ensino do mandarim nas escolas secundárias da Malásia
Authors: Peng Chew Fong 
Published: July 2013

O objetivo deste estudo é examinar a aplicação das TICs no ensino e aprendizagem do mandarim nas escolas secundárias da Malásia. O estudo envolve 31 professores e 90 alunos de algumas escolas secundárias da Malásia. Um questionário é usado e os dados coletados são processados usando o programa SPSS. As respostas são analisadas através da média e do desvio padrão para mostrar as opiniões dos professores e dos estudantes, os fatores influentes e os efeitos das aplicações das TICs no ensino e aprendizagem de mandarim nas escolas secundárias da Malásia. As estatísticas inferenciais, como a maneira única ANOVA, são realizadas para ver as diferenças no uso da aplicação das TICs baseado na experiência social dos entrevistados. Os resultados mostraram que ambos os professores e os alunos se deram conta da importância da aplicação CALL no ensino de mandarim. A maioria dos entrevistados concordaram que a aplicação das TICs produz mais efeitos positivos ao ajudar os professores durante o processo de ensino e aprendizado de mandarim. Contudo, em aplicar CALL no ensino de mandarim, os professores têm várias coações. Os resultados mostram a existência de uma diferença significante entre a frequência de usar CALL e a eficácia da aplicação de CALL no ensino de mandarim e as perspectivas e problemas dos professores.
Importance of Cerebral Artery Recanalization in Patients With Stroke With and Without Neurological Improvement After Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Kharitonova Tatiana V. , Melo Teresa P. , Andersen Grethe , Egido Jose A. , Castillo José , Wahlgren Nils 
Published: July 2013

Background and Purpose—
Recanalization status after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with ischemic stroke is a reference point to proceed with a rescue reperfusion intervention, although early neurological improvement (NI) may preclude endovascular procedures. We aimed to evaluate the importance of restoration of blood flow at the arterial occlusion site in subgroups of patients with stroke stratified by early NI after IVT.

Methods—
The following patients were recruited from the Safe Implementation of Treatment in Stroke-International Stroke Thrombolysis Register: (1) with baseline vessel occlusion documented by computed tomographic (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) angiography and follow-up angioimaging between 22 and 36 hours after IVT available; and (2) with dense cerebral artery sign on admission CT scan and results of follow-up CT reported. Recanalization at 24 hours was defined as absence of vessel occlusion or as resolution of dense cerebral artery sign on follow-up 22- to 36-hour imaging. NI was assessed at 2 hours and 24 hours after IVT and was defined as improvement by 20% from baseline National Institute of Health Stroke scale score. Primary outcome measure was independence, defined as modified Rankin scale score 0 to 2 after 3 months.

Results—
Of 28136 cases registered between December 2003 and November 2009, 5324 cases (19%) met the inclusion criteria. Patients with both NI at 2 hours post-treatment and vessel recanalization had the best chances to achieve independence at 3 months (adjusted odds ratio, 15.8; 95% confidence interval, 12.5–20.0), followed by those who had NI despite persistent occlusion (adjusted odds ratio, 4.7; 95% confidence interval, 3.6–6.1); and those without NI despite recanalization (adjusted odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.2–3.3).

Conclusions—
Recanalization of an occluded artery in acute stroke is associated with favorable functional outcome both in patients with and without NI after IVT. In future evaluations of mechanical thrombectomy and other additional strategies, recanalization should be considered in patients with persisting occlusion after IVT even after significant NI.
Taming Neonatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Brain Injury by Intranasal Delivery of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1
Authors: Yang Dianer , Sun Yu-Yo , Lin Xiaoyi , Baumann Jessica M. , Warnock Mark , Lawrence Daniel A. , Kuan Chia-Yi 
Published: July 2013

Background and Purpose—
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-I (PAI-1), a ≈50-kDa serine protease inhibitor, markedly reduces the extravascular toxicity of tissue-type plasminogen activator in experimental hypoxic–ischemic (HI) brain injury of newborns. However, the current treatment with PAI-1 requires intracerebroventricle injection to cross the blood–brain barrier, which is an invasive procedure of limited clinical potential. Thus, we tested whether intranasal administration of PAI-1 can bypass blood–brain barrier and mitigate neonatal HI brain injury.

Methods—
Rat pups were subjected to HI, with or without lipopolysaccharide pre-exposure, followed by intranasal delivery of a stable-mutant form of PAI-1 (CPAI).

Results—
Immunoblotting showed that CPAI sequentially entered the olfactory bulbs and cerebral cortex after intranasal delivery and reduced ≈75% of brain atrophy in HI or lipopolysaccharide-sensitized HI injury. Mechanistically, CPAI attenuated HI-induced plasminogen activators and lipopolysaccharide/HI-induced nuclear factor-κB signaling, neuroinflammation, and blood–brain barrier permeability.

Conclusions—
Intranasal delivery of CPAI is an effective treatment of experimental HI brain injury of newborns. Clinical application of this experimental therapy merits further investigation.
The Association Between Stroke, Depression, and 5-Year Mortality Among Very Old People
Authors: Hornsten Carl , Lövheim Hugo , Gustafson Yngve 
Published: July 2013

Background and Purpose—
Depression after stroke has been associated with increased mortality, but little is known about this association among very old people.

Methods—
A population-based study among people ≥85 years of age was conducted in northern Sweden and Finland, comprising cross-sectional assessments and subsequent survival data. The 452 individuals who had completed the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 assessment were selected. Depression was defined as a score of ≥5 on the geriatric depression scale.

Results—

Of those with a history of stroke, 38 of 88 (43.2%) people were depressed, and 11 of the 38 (28.9%) were treated with antidepressants, compared with 91 of 364 (25.0%) depressed (
P
=0.001) and 17 of 91 (18.7%) treated with antidepressants among those without stroke. Having a history of stroke and ongoing depression was associated with increased 5-year mortality compared with having only stroke (hazard ratio, 1.90; confidence interval, 1.15–3.13), having only depression (hazard ratio, 1.59; confidence interval, 1.03–2.45), and compared with having neither stroke nor depression (hazard ratio, 2.50; confidence interval, 1.69–3.69). Having only stroke without depression did not increase mortality compared with having neither stroke nor depression.

Conclusions—
A history of stroke was associated with increased mortality among very old people but only among those who were also depressed. Depression seemed to be underdiagnosed and undertreated.
Model Projections of the Changes in Atmospheric Circulation and Surface Climate over North America, the North Atlantic, and Europe in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Lau Ngar-Cheung , Ploshay Jeffrey J. 
Published: July 2013

The impacts of climate change on the North America–North Atlantic–Europe sector are studied using a coupled general circulation model: the Climate Model, version 3 (CM3) and a high-resolution atmosphere-only model, the High Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM)—both developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. The CM3 experiment is conducted under two climate change scenarios for the 1860–2100 period. The sea surface temperature (SST) forcing prescribed in the “time slice” integrations with HiRAM is derived from observations for the 1979–2008 period and projection by CM3 for the 2086–95 period. The wintertime response in the late twenty-first century is characterized by an enhancement of the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation in sea level pressure (SLP) and poleward and eastward displacements of the Atlantic jet stream and storm track. The forcing pattern due to eddy vorticity fluxes in the perturbed storm track matches well with the response pattern of the SLP field in the late twenty-first century. The model results suggest that the above circulation changes are linked to the gradient of the altered SST forcing in the North Atlantic. In summer, the projected enhancement of convection over the eastern tropical Pacific is accompanied by a wave train spanning the North America–North Atlantic–Europe sector. This quasi-stationary circulation pattern is associated with diminished storm track activity at 40°–50°N and an eddy forcing pattern similar to the summertime SLP response in the late twenty-first century.
Future Climate in the Tibetan Plateau from a Statistical Regional Climate Model
Authors: Zhu Xiuhua , Wang Weiqiang , Fraedrich Klaus 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The authors use a statistical regional climate model [Statistical Regional Model (STAR)] to project the Tibetan Plateau (TP) climate for the period 2015–50. Reanalysis datasets covering 1958–2001 are used as a substitute of observations and resampled by STAR to optimally fit prescribed linear temperature trends derived from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) simulations for phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) under the representative concentration pathway 2.6 (RCP2.6) and RCP4.5 scenarios. To assess the related uncertainty, temperature trends from carefully selected best/worst ensemble members are considered. In addition, an extra projection is forced by observed temperature trends in 1958–2001. The following results are obtained: (i) Spatial average temperature will increase by 0.6°–0.9°C; the increase exceeds 1°C in all months except in boreal summer, thus indicating a reduced annual cycle; and daily minimum temperature rises faster than daily maximum temperature, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal range of near-surface temperature. (ii) Precipitation increase mainly occurs in early summer and autumn possibly because of an earlier onset and later withdrawal of the Asian summer monsoon. (iii) Both frost and ice days decrease by 1–2 days in spring, early summer, and autumn, and the decrease of frost days on the annual course is inversely related to the precipitation increase. (iv) Degree-days increase all over the TP with peak amplitude in the Qaidam Basin and the southern TP periphery, which will result in distinct melting of the local seasonal frozen ground, and the annual temperature range will decrease with stronger amplitude in south TP.
Application of a Dynamic-Stochastic Approach to Short-Term Forecasting of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Authors: Komarov V. S. , Lavrinenko A. V. , Lomakina N. Ya. , Il’in S. N. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
A two-dimensional, dynamic-stochastic model presented in this study is used for short-term forecasting of vertical profiles of air temperature and wind velocity orthogonal components in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). The technique of using a two-dimensional dynamic-stochastic model involves preliminary estimation of its coefficients using the Kalman filter (KF) algorithm and observations at only one measuring station. The results obtained can be useful for aviation meteorology, mobile meteorological systems deployed in regions uncovered or rarely covered by meteorological observations, and devices with limited computational resources. In addition, they can be useful for wind-power and pollutant dispersion applications. Two cases of experiments with real observations using a radiometer and sodar (Doppler radar) deployed in the region of Tomsk, Russia, and data of more frequent (4 times a day) radiosonde observations in the region of Omsk (station 28698) are examined. The forecast period of numerical weather prediction (NWP) for all cases considered in this study ranged from 0.5 to 6 h. The results obtained demonstrate higher forecast quality in comparison with the persistence forecast.