bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological morbidity among co-residents of older people in rural South India: Prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Malik M Khurram , Jacob KS 
Published: June 2014

Objective: This study attempted to examine psychological morbidity among co-residents of older people living in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Method: This cross-sectional study evaluated psychological morbidity among co-residents using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire and psychiatric morbidity among older people using the 10/66 Dementia Research Group’s population-based studies protocol. Socio-demographic data were also collected. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: Of 807 residents evaluated, 73 (9.0%) had significant psychological morbidity. Such morbidity was associated with being older, female, poorer, illiterate, currently employed and being a spouse of the older person. A diagnosis of depression, neuropsychiatric symptoms and greater disability in older people were also associated with psychological morbidity among co-residents. Conclusion: Co-residents living with older people have significant psychological morbidity, which needs to be recognised and treated.
Update on Health Literacy and Diabetes
Authors: Bailey Stacy Cooper , Brega Angela G. , Crutchfield Trisha M. , Elasy Tom , Herr Haley , Kaphingst Kimberly , Karter Andrew J. , Moreland-Russell Sarah , Osborn Chandra Y. , Pignone Michael , Rothman Russell , Schillinger Dean 
Published: June 2014

Purpose Inadequate literacy is common among patients with diabetes and may lead to adverse outcomes. The authors reviewed the relationship between literacy and health outcomes in patients with diabetes and potential interventions to improve outcomes. Methods We reviewed 79 articles covering 3 key domains: (1) evaluation of screening tools to identify inadequate literacy and numeracy, (2) the relationships of a range of diabetes-related health outcomes with literacy and numeracy, and (3) interventions to reduce literacy-related differences in health outcomes. Results Several screening tools are available to assess patients’ print literacy and numeracy skills, some specifically addressing diabetes. Literacy and numeracy are consistently associated with diabetes-related knowledge. Some studies suggest literacy and numeracy are associated with intermediate outcomes, including self-efficacy, communication, and self-care (including adherence), but the relationship between literacy and glycemic control is mixed. Few studies have assessed more distal health outcomes, including diabetes-related complications, health care utilization, safety, or quality of life, but available studies suggest low literacy may be associated with increased risk of complications, including hypoglycemia. Several interventions appear to be effective in improving diabetes-related outcomes regardless of literacy status, but it is unclear if these interventions can reduce literacy-related differences in outcomes. Conclusions Low literacy is associated with less diabetes-related knowledge and may be related to other important health outcomes. Further studies are needed to better elucidate pathways by which literacy skills affect health outcomes. Promising interventions are available to improve diabetes outcomes for patients with low literacy; more research is needed to determine their effectiveness outside of research settings.
Evaluating the potential risks of bubble studies during echocardiography
Authors: Bassett GC , Lin JW , Tran MM , Sistino JJ 
Published: June 2014

Objective: Cardiac shunts are often identified using bubble studies in echocardiography, with agitated saline. Previous studies have recommended various safe amounts of agitated saline. This poses a potential risk for air microembolism. The purpose of this study was to quantify the bubbles created by various quantities of agitated saline. Methods: A closed circuit was constructed with a HeartMate pneumatic ventricular assist pump and a cardiotomy reservoir to remove air during recirculation. One empty 10 mL syringe and one 10 mL syringe containing 1 mL of air and 9 mL of saline were attached to a three-way stopcock. The air/saline bolus was then agitated between the two syringes five times to create bubbles and injected into the tubing proximal to the HeartMate. An EDAC bubble detector sensor was attached prior to the saline injection site and distal to the HeartMate I to measure the size and volume of the bubbles. This technique was repeated using 0.5 mL of air and 9.5 mL of saline bolus and 2 mL of air and 8 mL of saline bolus. Each bolus was tested 20 times. Results: This study identifies the potential risks of air administration and proposes a safer air volume to agitate for the administration of a bubble study. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to create either a guideline or a standard for agitated saline administration by the Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Echocardiography Laboratories (ICAEL) in order to minimize the risk of air microembolism
Oncocytic adenomas of thyroid-mimicking benign or metastatic disease on 18F-FDG-PET scan
Authors: Zandieh Shahin , Pokieser Wolfgang , Knoll Peter , Sonneck-Koenne Charlotte , Kudlacek Martina , Mirzaei Siroos 
Published: June 2014

Background The literature is sparse concerning 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) accumulation in the Hürthle cell neoplasm (HCN) of the thyroid. Given the difficulty of accurately diagnosing HCN, even with ultrasound (US) and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), the ability to accurately characterize these lesions by 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) would be of value. Purpose To describe six cases of oncocytic proliferation in the thyroid gland that mimics the presence of metastatic disease and was detected incidentally by an 18F-FDG PET scan. Material and Methods We conducted whole-body 18F-FDG PET examinations for cancer staging in 1862 oncological patients from 2012 to 2013. Among them, six subjects (4 women, 2 men; age range, 45–85 years) with focal-enhanced 18F-FDG accumulation in the thyroid gland were selected from the study population. This study group was further investigated using 99 m-Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy, US, and FNAB. Two experienced nuclear physicians reviewed the images. Gray-scale US and color Doppler (CD) sonographic examinations of the thyroid were undertaken for all subjects using a sonographic device Logiq 5 Expert (GE Medical Systems, Osaka, Japan) equipped with a 7–12 MHz linear array transducer. Results In all six cases, abnormal 18F-FDG uptake was found locally in the thyroid. The average SUVmax of the HCN was 5.8 (range, 2.6–16). In all six cases, 99 m-Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy showed a cold spot. Compared with normal parenchymal vascularity, five of the six masses were shown to be hypervascular by CD ultrasonography. Conclusion On PET scans, oncocytic proliferations of the thyroid may mimic metastases of other malignancies. The focal-enhanced uptake of 18F-FDG PET may be associated with a focal increase in the metabolic activity of the thyroid parenchyma due to the presence of oncocytes. Our study emphasizes the importance of obtaining cytological evidence before making a diagnosis of metastatic disease.
Double-Plug Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation Shows Equal Functional Outcomes Compared With Single-Plug Procedures in Lesions of the Talar Dome
Authors: Haleem Amgad M. , Ross Keir A. , Smyth Niall A. , Duke Gavin L. , Deyer Timothy W. , Do Huong T. , Kennedy John G. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) is used for large (>100-150 mm2) or cystic osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the talus. Larger lesions may require using more than 1 graft to fill the defect. While patients with larger OCLs treated with microfracture exhibit inferior clinical outcomes, there is little evidence regarding the effect of lesion size and number of grafts required on clinical and radiological outcomes after AOT. Hypothesis: Larger OCLs of the talar dome treated by double-plug AOT (dp-AOT) have inferior clinical and radiological MRI outcomes compared with smaller OCLs requiring single-plug AOT (sp-AOT). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Fourteen consecutive patients with a large OCL (mean, 208 ± 54 mm2) treated using dp-AOT with a minimum 5-year follow-up were matched by age and sex to a control cohort of 28 patients who underwent sp-AOT for a smaller OCL (mean, 74 ± 26 mm2) over the same period. Functional outcomes were assessed both pre- and postoperatively using the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Short Form–12 (SF-12) general health questionnaire. Mean follow-up was 85 months (range, 65-118 months). Latest postoperative MRI was evaluated with modified magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score. Results: There was no significant difference between groups demographically ( P > .05). All patients with dp-AOT and sp-AOT showed a significant pre- to postoperative increase in FAOS and SF-12 scores ( P < .001). When comparing preoperative scores for both groups, there was no statistical significance between sp-AOT and dp-AOT scores (FAOS, P = .719; SF-12, P = .947). There was no significant difference in functional scores between the 2 groups postoperatively for both FAOS ( P = .883) and SF-12 ( P = .246). Mean MOCART scores did not exhibit any statistically significant difference between groups ( P = .475). Two patients complained of knee donor site stiffness (4.8%), which later resolved. Conclusion: Patients with large OCLs treated using a dp-AOT procedure did not show inferior clinical or radiological outcomes compared with those treated with sp-AOT at a minimum 5-year follow-up. The dp-AOT procedure is as effective as sp-AOT in treating larger OCLs of the talar dome in the intermediate term, with similar high postoperative clinical and radiological outcomes.
Differential recovery of touch thresholds and discriminative touch following nerve repair with focus on time dynamics
Authors: Rosén Birgitta , Björkman A , Boeckstyns Michel 
Published: June 2014

Introduction The purpose of this secondary analysis of pooled data from two randomised controlled trials was to explore the differential rate of recovery of sensory and motor functions over time following repair of median or ulnar nerve. Methods Recovery over two years following median or ulnar nerve repair at wrist level using the Rosen score was analysed in 67 patients. Results Within the sensory domain of the Rosen score, a substantial gap was observed between recovery of touch thresholds and discriminative touch. Within the motor domain, manual muscle strength and grip strength showed a closer and more parallel recovery rate. Conclusion The differential recovery rates in touch thresholds and discriminative touch after a peripheral nerve injury are likely due to neurobiological factors that cannot be influenced by surgical interventions. However, new knowledge about brain plasticity opens up the possibility that this differential recovery may diminish through the use of revised rehabilitation programs focused on the use of guided plasticity, and the timing of onset of sensory re-learning.
New ecological wood–plastic composite materials for scaphoid-type casting: Material properties and clinical evaluation
Authors: Lindfors NC , Salo J 
Published: June 2014

Introduction Immobilisation of limbs using splints and casts is a common procedure in both conservative and operative treatments. The most common splint materials are plaster-of-Paris, fibreglass and polyester cast materials. Despite the advantages of increased strength and comfort using fibreglass and polyester cast materials, disadvantages due to toxic and harmful components, such as cyanites, resulting in asthmatic responses have also been reported. Methods A new ecologically friendly, wood–plastic composite casting material was evaluated in a prospective study of 67 operatively treated patients needing a post-operative scaphoid-type cast. Thirty-seven patients (26 females and 11 males, mean age 53 years) were treated with a cast made of WOODCAST® 2 mm and WOODCAST® Ribbon, and another 30 patients (19 females and 11 males, mean age 53 years) were treated with a cast made of WOODCAST® Soft and WOODCAST® Ribbon. The casts were either removable or non-removable. Mechanical stiffness properties of cylindrical WOODCAST® materials were also tested using a testing machine (LLOYD LR30K, Lloyd Instruments, Southampton, UK). Results The cast material was easy to handle without gloves. The pre-heated self-adhesive materials became completely three-dimensional-mouldable and could easily be cut with scissors. The median time in the cast was 4 weeks. Fifty-six patients responded to a questionnaire: Out of 56 patients, 36 considered the cast to be very comfortable or comfortable, 11 were neutral and four did not answer the question. The mechanical testing showed that the novel WOODCAST® materials can be used in different kinds of casting. Conclusion The ecological wood–plastic composite materials represent sustainable development in the field of casting materials.
Surface Electromyographic Analysis of Core Trunk and Hip Muscles During Selected Rehabilitation Exercises in the Side-Bridge to Neutral Spine Position
Authors: Youdas James W. , Boor Mallory M.P. , Darfler Arynn L. , Koenig Margaret K. , Mills Katherine M. , Hollman John H. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Strengthening of core hip, trunk, and abdominal muscles has been utilized with injury prevention and low back pain and has the potential to improve athletic performance. Hypothesis: During a side-bridge, trunk and thigh muscles on the ipsilateral weightbearing side would produce greater activation than their counterparts on the contralateral nonweightbearing side. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Twelve females and 13 males participated. Electromyography (EMG) signals were gathered for 5 right-sided muscles (rectus abdominis [RA], external oblique [EO], longissimus thoracis [LT], lumbar multifidus [LM], and gluteus medius [GM]) during 3 repetitions of 4 side-bridging exercises (trunk-elevated side support [TESS], foot-elevated side support [FESS], clamshell, and rotational side-bridge [RSB]) performed bilaterally in random order using surface electrodes. EMG signals were normalized to peak activity in maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) trials and expressed as a percentage. Descriptive EMG data were calculated for EMG recruitment (% MVIC) and compared between right side up and right side down conditions and between exercises with 2-way repeated-measures analyses of variance at α = 0.05. Results: RSB created the most muscle activation in 3 of 4 recorded trunk muscles (RA, 43.9% MVIC; EO, 62.8 % MVIC; and LT, 41.3% MVIC). Activation of the GM exceeded 69% MVIC for TESS, FESS, and RSB. With the exception of the RA in RSB and LT in TESS, recruitment within muscles of the ipsilateral weightbearing trunk and thigh (% MVIC) was significantly greater than their counterparts on the nonweightbearing trunk and thigh for all muscles during the side-bridge exercise conditions. Conclusion: Muscle recruitment was greater within muscles of the ipsilateral weightbearing trunk and thigh for all examined muscles except RA during RSB and LT during TESS. Activation at or above 50% MVIC is needed for strengthening. Activation of the GM and EO meets these requirements. Clinical Relevance: Side-bridge exercises appear to provide strengthening benefits to core hip, trunk, and abdominal muscles on the ipsilateral weightbearing side.
Deep molecular responses achieved in patients with CML-CP who are switched to nilotinib after long-term imatinib
Authors: Hughes Timothy P. , Lipton Jeffrey H. , Spector Nelson , Cervantes Francisco , Pasquini Ricardo , Clementino Nelma Cristina D. , Dorlhiac Llacer Pedro Enrique , Schwarer Anthony P. , Mahon Francois-Xavier , Rea Delphine , Branford Susan , Purkayastha Das , Collins LaTonya , Szczudlo Tomasz , Leber Brian 
Published: June 2014

Key Points
Nilotinib induced deeper molecular responses than continued imatinib in patients with minimal residual disease on long-term imatinib. These deeper responses may enable more patients to benefit from treatment-free remission trials.
QoS-aware dynamic resource allocation for wireless broadband access networks
Authors: Nguyen Tri M , Yim Taihyung , Jeon Youchan , Kyung Yeunwoong , Park Jinwoo 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The development of the advanced wireless access technologies is focusing on the enhancement of mobile user satisfaction in terms of quality of service (QoS). As the number of mobile users increases, the amount of traffic passing through base station (BS) significantly increases so that the preplanned capacity of downlink or uplink can be exceeded from time to time resulting in the degradation of users’ QoS satisfaction. A way to utilize the downlink (DL) and the uplink (UL) of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access frame efficiently is therefore needed subject to users’ bandwidth demand which changes continuously over the time. In this paper, we propose a QoS-aware dynamic resource allocation (QDRA) scheme which dynamically adjusts the DL/UL ratio to allocate bandwidth for QoS support to users based on the usage statistics. The performance of the proposed QDRA scheme was examined by applying to the WiMAX standard specifications, to show its superiority of maintaining a higher QoS support for various classes of services compared to the pre-reported adaptive method.
Indicating spinal joint mobilisations or manipulations in patients with neck or low-back pain: protocol of an inter-examiner reliability study among manual therapists
Authors: van Trijffel Emiel , Lindeboom Robert , Bossuyt Patrick MM , Schmitt Maarten A , Lucas Cees , Koes Bart W , Oostendorp Rob AB 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Background
Manual spinal joint mobilisations and manipulations are widely used treatments in patients with neck and low-back pain. Inter-examiner reliability of passive intervertebral motion assessment of the cervical and lumbar spine, perceived as important for indicating these interventions, is poor within a univariable approach. The diagnostic process as a whole in daily practice in manual therapy has a multivariable character, however, in which the use and interpretation of passive intervertebral motion assessment depend on earlier results from the diagnostic process. To date, the inter-examiner reliability among manual therapists of a multivariable diagnostic decision-making process in patients with neck or low-back pain is unknown.

Methods
This study will be conducted as a repeated-measures design in which 14 pairs of manual therapists independently examine a consecutive series of a planned total of 165 patients with neck or low-back pain presenting in primary care physiotherapy. Primary outcome measure is therapists’ decision about whether or not manual spinal joint mobilisations or manipulations, or both, are indicated in each patient, alone or as part of a multimodal treatment. Therapists will largely be free to conduct the full diagnostic process based on their formulated examination objectives. For each pair of therapists, 2×2 tables will be constructed and reliability for the dichotomous decision will be expressed using Cohen’s kappa. In addition, observed agreement, prevalence of positive decisions, prevalence index, bias index, and specific agreement in positive and negative decisions will be calculated. Univariable logistic regression analysis of concordant decisions will be performed to explore which demographic, professional, or clinical factors contributed to reliability.

Discussion
This study will provide an estimate of the inter-examiner reliability among manual therapists of indicating spinal joint mobilisations or manipulations in patients with neck or low-back pain based on a multivariable diagnostic reasoning and decision-making process, as opposed to reliability of individual tests. As such, it is proposed as an initial step toward the development of an alternative approach to current classification systems and prediction rules for identifying those patients with spinal disorders that may show a better response to manual therapy which can be incorporated in randomised clinical trials. Potential methodological limitations of this study are discussed.
Surfactant protein A genetic variants associate with severe respiratory insufficiency in pandemic influenza A virus infection
Authors: Herrera-Ramos Estefanía , López-Rodríguez Marta , Ruíz-Hernández José Juan , Horcajada Juan Pablo , Borderías Luis , Lerma Elisabeth , Blanquer José , Pérez-González María Carmen , García-Laorden María Isabel , Florido Yanira , Mas-Bosch Virginia , Montero Milagro , Ferrer José María , Sorlí Luisa , Vilaplana Carlos , Rajas Olga , Briones Marisa , Aspa Javier , López-Granados Eduardo , Solé-Violán Jordi , de Castro Felipe Rodríguez , Rodríguez-Gallego Carlos 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Inherited variability in host immune responses influences susceptibility and outcome of Influenza A virus (IAV) infection, but these factors remain largely unknown. Components of the innate immune response may be crucial in the first days of the infection. The collectins surfactant protein (SP)-A1, -A2, and -D and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) neutralize IAV infectivity, although only SP-A2 can establish an efficient neutralization of poorly glycosylated pandemic IAV strains.

Methods
We studied the role of polymorphic variants at the genes of MBL (MBL2), SP-A1 (SFTPA1), SP-A2 (SFTPA2), and SP-D (SFTPD) in 93 patients with H1N1 pandemic 2009 (H1N1pdm) infection.

Results
Multivariate analysis showed that two frequent SFTPA2 missense alleles (rs1965708-C and rs1059046-A) and the SFTPA2 haplotype 1A
0
were associated with a need for mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The SFTPA2 haplotype 1A
1
was a protective variant. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression also showed that diplotypes not containing the 1A
1
haplotype were associated with a significantly shorter time to ICU admission in hospitalized patients. In addition, rs1965708-C (P = 0.0007), rs1059046-A (P = 0.0007), and haplotype 1A
0
(P = 0.0004) were associated, in a dose-dependent fashion, with lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio, whereas haplotype 1A
1
was associated with a higher PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Our data suggest an effect of genetic variants of SFTPA2 on the severity of H1N1pdm infection and could pave the way for a potential treatment with haplotype-specific (1A
1
) SP-A2 for future IAV pandemics.