bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for characterization of interface surface roughness after ELITA femtosecond laser treatments
Authors: Minoguchi Hajime , Teus Miguel , Fu Hong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To characterize and compare the corneal interface surface roughness of the ELITA femtosecond laser flap and smooth incision lenticular keratomileusis (SILK) to iFS femtosecond laser flap with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Methods
The iFS flap with 700 nJ pulse energy, ELITA flap with 50 nJ, and ELITA SILK with 50 nJ were performed on ex-vivo porcine eyes. After the femtosecond laser treatment and mechanical separation, the posterior surface of the laser treated interface was trephined, fixated, and dehydrated. The corneal interface surface roughness was assessed with AFM in contact mode in air. With AFM, 3 eyes were treated for each treatment method and 5 locations near the corneal center on each eye were evaluated with 20 µm x 20 µm scanning area per location and 512 x 512-pixel resolution. The root-mean-square (RMS) roughness for each treatment method were measured. With SEM, 1 eye was treated for each treatment method and representative images were taken with x100 and x250 magnification.
Results
The RMS roughness of iFS flap, ELITA flap, and ELITA SILK were 236 (mean) ± 64 nm (standard deviation), 114 ± 33 nm, and 203 ± 84 nm, respectively. ELITA flap interface surface roughness was significantly less than that of iFS flap (p < 0.000001) and ELITA SILK (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
ELITA flap produced a smoother corneal interface surface compared to the iFS flap and ELITA SILK, while the iFS flap and ELITA SILK produced similar corneal interface surface roughness.
A Nonasymptotic Analysis of Gradient Descent Ascent for Nonconvex-Concave Minimax Problems
Authors: Li Junchi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We present some new convergence results for two-timescale gradient descent ascent (GDA) applied to approximately solve the nonconvex-concave minimax problems in the form of $\min _{\mathbf{x}} \max _{\mathbf{y} \in \mathcal{Y}} f(\mathbf{x}, \mathbf{y})$, where the objective function $f(\mathbf{x}, \mathbf{y})$ is nonconvex in $\mathbf{x}$ but concave in $\mathbf{y}$ and $\mathcal{Y} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$ is a convex and bounded set. Historically, the GDA algorithm has been widely used in machine learning, control theory and economics. Despite strong convergence guarantees for GDA in the convex-concave setting, in a more general setting, GDA with equal learning rates can converge to limit cycles or even diverge. In this paper, we revisit the scheme of GDA from the point of view of two-timescale dynamics, showing that, despite the nonconvexity and lack of smoothness, a two-timescale version of GDA can efficiently find a stationary point of the function $\Phi(\cdot):=\max _{\mathbf{y} \in \mathcal{Y}} f(\cdot, \mathbf{y})$. More specifically, we provide theoretical bounds on the complexity of solving both \emph{smooth} and \emph{nonsmooth} nonconvex-concave minimax problems. We further investigate properties of stochastic variants of two-timescale GDA. To the best of our knowledge, this paper provides the first instance of a nonasymptotic complexity analysis for two-timescale GDA in nonconvex-concave minimax problems, shedding light on its performance in training generative adversarial networks (GANs) and in other real-world application problems.
Optimal location of additional facilities and reallocation of service areas
Authors: Sazonova Maryna , Koriashkina Larysa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of the optimal location of new facilities within an existing service network to alleviate the burden on current enterprises and meet the increasing demand for services. The study considers two critical aspects: 1) the "capacities" of service centers, which determine the maximum number of services or products each center can offer, and 2) the option for customers to be served by one of the k nearest service centers. Alongside the strategic location of new centers, the model also involves the reallocation of service areas, defining zones of responsibility for all facilities in the network. The primary goal is to minimize the total distance between all customers and the k nearest service centers. Typical "service center–customer" relationships include enterprises and consumers, post offices and clients, or medical testing sites and patients, etc. The mathematical model for territorial segmentation is formulated as an Optimal Multiplex Partitioning of Continuum Sets (OMPCS) problem. This approach enables the creation of overlapping service zones, unlike traditional models that result in first-order partitioning where zones are mutually exclusive and operate as territorial monopolies. We present and implement numerical algorithms for solving OMPCS problems in software. The model examples demonstrate how the strategic location of new facilities and the redistribution of service areas across all network entities can effectively reduce the load on existing centers.
Are there Long Term Consequences to China's Deflationary Bout? Case of the ASEAN
Authors: Eloriaga Justin , Pamittan Carlos , Juan Vince San , Subido Annika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Recent deflationary episodes in China, particularly observed in early July 2023, have prompted concerns about their potential impact on global economies. This study specifically examines the influence of China’s deflation on select ASEAN economies. Unlike prior research that primarily focuses on inflationary spillovers, this study focuses on the critical yet less explored area of deflation spillovers and its effect on key macroaggregates. The findings reveal that the deflationary shocks are relatively muted, with limited long-term impacts on the ASEAN-5 economies. Notably, while some countries like Malaysia show immediate responses, overall effects remain minimal. These insights inform policymakers about the resilience of ASEAN-5 economies and guide the development of strategies to maintain regional economic stability amidst potential deflationary challenges
JEL Classification. C32, D83, E52, E58, E66
Development of a latex microsphere-based lateral flow immunoassay for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica
Authors: Tabilin Emmanuel John , Gordon Catherine A. , Mu Yi , Jiz Mario , Inobaya Marianette , Avenido-Cervantes Eleonor , Gray Darren , Mationg Mary Lorraine , McManus Donald P , Egwang Thomas G. , Adriko Moses , Sako Yasuhito , Sato Marcello Otake , Sato Megumi , You Hong , Kelly Matthew , Cai Pengfei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Zoonotic schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, remains prevalent in China, the Philippines and small foci of Indonesia. Rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools are attractive and promising tools for evaluating the efficacy of intervention strategies against schistosomiasis.
Methodology: The diagnostic potential for five recombinant antigens was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from individuals with a positive Kato-Katz (KK) result for S. japonicum (n=28) and non-endemic controls (n=12). A latex microsphere (LM)-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) incorporating the recombinant SjSAP4 (rSjSAP4) antigen was developed for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. The testing conditions including diluent, dilution factor, and reaction time, were optimised for the developed LFIA. Under the optimised conditions, serum samples from individuals living in an S. japonicum endemic area (n=549) and non-endemic controls (n=50) were tested with the established LFIA cassettes. Results were imaged by a smartphone and analyzed by the ImageJ program. An R-value, which was the intensity ratio of the test line vs. control line, was calculated for each strip, converting the results into quantitative data.
Main findings: ELISA assays confirmed that the SjSAP4 was the optimal candidate for serological diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. Under the optimised testing conditions, the LM-based LFIA strips showed a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 98.0% at a cut-off R-value of 0.1031. Meanwhile, the developed LFIA showed a significant positive correlation with the rSjSAP4-ELISA assay (r=0.8269, 95% CI, 0.8127-0.9446; p<0.0001). The schistosomiasis prevalence determined by the LFIA strips was about 1.8 times higher than that obtained with the 6-slide KK procedure.
Conclusions/Significance: The study indicated that the LFIA assay established here represents a POC diagnostic tool that is suitable for on-site screening of human S. japonicum infection, using minimal equipment and adhering to the ASSURED criteria for POCs from the WHO.
Exploring the institutional barriers to rural water management in Ghana
Authors: Angmor Emmanuel , Frimpong Louis Kusi , Mensah Stephen Leonard , Okyere Seth Asare 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Framed within policy support for bottom-up community water management in development practice in the global south, this paper explores the institutional barriers that impede effective community management of water infrastructure in water-stressed rural communities in the Upper Manya District and Yilo Krobo Municipality in the Eastern region of Ghana. The study adopted a qualitative research approach, using data collection methods such as in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with local government and community water management committees and participant observation across four communities. The findings revealed that irregular and inadequate monitoring, poor financial auditing and transparency, inadequate technical support, and limited community engagement were the institutional barriers confronting sustainable rural water management. The study argues that in community water management, hybrid models are more likely to work better than models that focus entirely on either top-down or bottom-up approaches since the former can strengthen technical capacity, financial accountability, and the experimentation of infrastructure co-design initiatives. The paper concludes that by addressing institutional lapses in Africa's infrastructural management regimes, rural populations can become part of, rather than left behind, in the global quest to ensure water availability and sustainable water management for all.
Anthropometric knowledge and measurement evaluation among female volunteer community health workers in Depok
Authors: Sufyan Dian Luthfiana , Arini Firlia Ayu , Ilmi Ibnu Malkan Bakhrul , Marjan Avliya Quratul , Fatmawati Iin 
Published: August 2024

<p><strong>Background</strong>: At the community level, assessment for children nutritional status is measured by female volunteer community health workers (FVCHW) through integrated health post (Posyandu). Based on initial observation, volunteers have sufficient knowledge of anthropometric measurement however, to put it into practice, common pitfalls remain found.Refreshment on basic knowledge and practical training on anthropometric assessment is needed.</p><p><strong>Objectives</strong>: As part of Kampung Caraka Project that attempts to empower locals to be deliberately aware of community health and well-being, this particular study aims to evaluate knowledge of FVCHW as well as their accuracy and precision on anthropometric assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-posttest with control group design. The sample was purposively selected and 54 overweight adolescents were divided into a control group and two intervention groups. Education using healthy snacks quartet was conducted for 21 days from September to October 2023 in Makassar City. Data analysis was performed using Wilcoxon singed ranks test.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Results showed women with good precision for MUAC, height, head circumferences and length measurement were 23.1%, 23.1%, 53.8% and 33.3%, respectively. In contrast, only 7.7% of women had good accuracy on MUAC measurement. There is a significant difference of knowledge score before and after the education given (p-value 0.02, CI 95%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The cadre had good precision yet poor accuracy, implying the necessity of standardized procedure and regular equipment calibration prior to anthropometric measurement. There is a difference in mean scores before and after the education given, yet still denoted as low capacity. Further comprehensive education is highly required. </p>
The relationship between stress, emotional eating, and nutritional status in adolescents
Authors: Mardiyah Sarah , Wandini Kartika , Dwiyana Parlin 
Published: August 2024

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>The prevalence of overnutrition among adolescents in Indonesia has significantly increased from 7.3% in 2013 to 13.5% in 2018. Overnutrition at this age can increase the risk of obesity and other degenerative diseases in adulthood. Stress and eating behavior are two factors that might impact nutritional status in adolescents. Stress can trigger unhealthy eating behaviors, such as increased consumption of fast food, sugary foods and drinks, or even loss of appetite. Stress can also lead to emotional eating behavior, which is the urge to eat as a coping method when facing stress or negative pressure, and has been link to a higher BMI.</em></p><p><strong><em>Objectives: </em></strong><em>This study aims to identify the relationship between stress, emotional eating, and the nutritional status of high school students at SMA 2 Cileungsi Bogor Regency.</em></p><p><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was conducted in September 2023 at SMA 2 Cileungsi Bogor Regency. Data were collected using research instruments, including the Adolescent Stress Questionnaire – Shortened Version (ASQ-S) to determine stress data, the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) to determine emotional eating data, anthropometric measurements to determine the nutritional status of the respondents, and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess the frequency of respondents' consumption of various foods. This study involved 262 respondents obtained using Cluster Random Sampling technique. </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>The results showed that most of respondents in this study had normal nutritional status, accounting for 66.0%, while 8.4% were undernourished and 25.6% were overnourished. Respondents categorized as stressed were 51.9%, while the remaining 48.1% were adaptive. It was found that 54.6% of respondents fell in to the category of emotional eating, while 45.4% did not exhibit emotional eating behaviour. Based on bivariate analysis, a significant relationship was found between stress and nutritional status (p-value=0.013). There was no significant relationship between emotional eating and nutritional status (p-value=0.647).</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Stress has been shown to be significantly associated with nutritional status.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong>KEYWORD</strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Nutritional status; stress; emotional eating; adolescents</em></p>
Sosialisasi Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Program Bantar Sejajar dan Peningkatan Kesedaran Masyarakat dengan Pemenuhan Gizi di Desa Danurejo, Kecamatan Mertoyudan, Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Amin , Nurjanah Raudah , Astutik Revani Dwi Putri , Permana Yogi , Susanti Efri , Qomaruzzaman Salis Nizar , Alfiani Vini , Fajrin Syilvia , Merindyasakly Ratna , Qutratuaini Nabila Hasna , Fatika M Nivia , Sinai Aldea Mulia 
Published: August 2024

<p><em>Masalah status gizi anak yang dikenal dengan stunting ditandai dengan PB/U atau TB/U, dimana hasil pengukurannya berada dalam ambang batas (Z-Score) &lt;-2 SD sampai dengan -3 SD (pendek/stunted) dan &lt;-3 SD (sangat pendek/sangat kerdil) dalam standar antropometri penilaian status gizi anak. Berdasarkan temuan Kajian Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes), sebanyak 24,4% balita di Indonesia mengalami stunting pada tahun 2021. Pada tahun 2024, Indonesia diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka stunting sebesar 14%. </em><em>Berdasarkan hasil observasi pada balita di desa D</em><em>anurejo</em><em>, Mertoyudan, Magelang pola makan masih kurang baik dalam pemberian makan sehingga anak beresiko mengalami stunting.</em><em> </em><em>Masalah yang dialami di Desa D</em><em>anurejo</em><em> ini yaitu balita yang sulit dan tidak mau mengkonsumsi sayuran serta adanya distraksi dalam pemberian makan seperti saat memasuki waktu makan anak diberikan ga</em><em>dget </em><em>agar anak tidak rewel</em><em>. serta anak dibiarkan untuk jajan sembarangan tanpa ada pembatasan</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>Mendidik masyarakat untuk meningkatkan informasi dan kesadaran mengenai pencegahan stunting merupakan salah satu strategi yang digunakan untuk memerangi stunting pada balita. Pendekatannya terdiri dari pengenalan visual, ceramah, dan sesi tanya jawab dengan audiens. Peserta yang berasal dari TK Pratiwi sebanyak 50 orang dan SD Danurejo sebanyak 50 orang, sasaran program ini adalah orang tua, wali kelas, dan siswa.</em></p><p><strong>Kata kunci : </strong><em>stunting, upaya pencegahan, Magelang, status gizi</em></p>
Motivasi Siswa Mengikuti Ekstrakurikuler Tenis Meja di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi
Authors: Utomo Memet Adi , Murniati Sri , Kurniawan Alexander 
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yautu untuk mengetahui motivasi siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler Tenis Meja di SMA Negeri 10 kota Jambi. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode survei. Berdasarkan analisis data motivasi siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler tenis meja di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi pada indikator instrinsik termasuk dalam kategori tinggi yaitu sebesar 82,76%, motivasi siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler tenis meja di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi pada indikator ekstrinsik termasuk dalam kategori tinggi yaitu sebesar 82,58%, motivasi siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler tenis meja di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dengan besaran persentase sebesar 83% yang mana nilai tersebut berada dalam rentang interval antara 81-100%. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah motivasi siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler tenis meja di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi termasuk dalam kategori tinggi.
Keterampilan Lay Up Shoot pada Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Bola Basket di SMP Negeri 2 Batanghari
Authors: Rahmatullah Muhammad Hendra , Ilham Ilham , Hasibuan Mhd. Usni Zamzami 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterampilan lay up shoot siswa peserta ekstrakurikuler bola basket SMP Negeri 2 Batanghari. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu karena peneliti ingin mengetahui keterampilan lay up shoot pada peserta ekstrakurikuler Bola Basket di SMP Negeri 2 Batanghari. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan total sampling berjumlah 18 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data diperoleh keterampilan lay up shoot dari 18 orang yang memiliki kategori sangat baik dengan rentang 9-10 sebanyak 1 orang dengan persentase 6%, yang memiliki kategori baik dengan rentang 7-8 sebanyak 6 orang dengan persentase 33%, yang memiliki kategori cukup dengan rentang 5-6 sebanyak 3 orang dengan persentase 17%, yang memiliki kategori kurang dengan rentang 5-6 sebanyak 3 orang dengan persentase 17%, yang memiliki kategori sangat kurang dengan rentang 1-2 sebanyak 5 orang dengan persentase 28%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan lay up shoot pada peserta ekstrakurikuler Bola Basket di SMP Negeri 2 Batanghari memiliki kategori baik dengan persentase 33%.
PROFIL EFIKASI DIRI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN KIMIA DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Mahartika Ira , Afrianis Neti , Okmarisa Heppy 
Published: August 2024

Efikasi diri akademik diperlukan oleh mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan studinya dengan baik. Efikasi diri akademik menjadi prediktor terhadap kemampuan berfikir kritis, kinerja akademik, dan ketahanan akademik mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan studinya. Oleh karenanya, perlu diketahui profil efikasi diri akademik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan profil akademik mahasiswa pendidikan kimia di Kota Pekanbaru. Sampel adalah mahasiswa pendidikan kimia semester 1 sampai 14 di Kota Pekanbaru yang dipilih menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efikasi diri akademik mahasiswa pendidikan kimia di Kota Pekanbaru adalah tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa pendidikan kimia percaya bahwa mereka mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan akademiknya secara baik dengan kemampuan diri sendiri maupun dengan melibatkan dengan bantuan orang lain. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan efikasi diri akademik mahasiswa ditinjau dari asal universitas dan tingkatan mahasiswa.
Pandangan Mazhab Imam Maliki dan Mazhab Imam Syafi’i tentang ‘Azl sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Berketurunan
Authors: Pradikta Hervin Yoki , Rodhiyah Aizzatur , Dayani Tiara Rica 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menemukan substansi pandangan Mazhab Imam Maliki dan Mazhab Imam Syafi’I tentang ‘azl. Kedua Imam Mazhab tersebut mempunyai persamaan dan perbedaaan pendapat tentang ‘azl sebagai upaya pencegahan berketurunan. Islam mensyariatkan umatnya untuk memelihara serta menjaga keturunan (hifdzul nasl) atau nasab melalui pernikahan sah. Memiliki anak merupakan salah satu (taqorrub) mendekatkan diri kepada Allah Subhanahuwata’ala serta menjaga sunnah Rasululullah SAW. Meskipun demikian, masih ada pasangan suami isteri yang enggan berketurunan. Ada sebagian dari masyarakat Indonesia yang menganggap bahwa anak bukanlah investasi masa tua namun kewajiban untuk memberikan yang terbaik untuk anak adalah sebuah kewajiban sebagai orang tua. Sehingga, sebuah hubungan yang serius, sepasang kekasih perlu memikirkan untuk masa depannya. Termasuk, dalam hal memiliki keturunan. Dalam hal upaya pencegahan berketuruanan salah satunya dengan melakukan ‘azl. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian “library research” atau studi pustaka yaitu metode pengumpulan data dengan cara memahami dan mempelajari teori-teori dari berbagai literatur yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Penelitian ini bahan-bahan atau obyeknya diperoleh dengan cara menelaah data yang penulis dapatkan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis mengenai subyek yang diteliti. Hasilnya kedua Imam Mazhab sama-sama memperbolehkan menggunakan ‘azl sebagai upaya pencegahan berketurunan. Sedangkan yang menjadi perbedaan adalah pada segi pelaksanaannya, Mazhab Imam Maliki berpandangan bahwa seorang laki-laki tidak boleh melakukan ‘azl terhadap wanita merdeka kecuali dengan seizinnya. Imam Maliki merujuk kepada hadis sebagai dasar dan alasan boleh melakukan ‘azl. Sedangkan menurut pandangan Mazhab Imam Syafi`i praktek ‘azl diperbolehkan baik dengan persetujuan isteri maupun tidak. Hal ini karena Imam Syafi’I berpandangan bahwa isteri mempunyai hak dalam hubungan intim, namun tidak mempunyai hak dalam ejakulasi