bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ellsworth C. Dougherty: A Pioneer in the Selection ofCaenorhabditis elegansas a Model Organism
Authors: Ferris Howard , Hieb W F 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEllsworth Dougherty (1921–1965) was a man of impressive intellectual dimensions and interests; in a relatively short career he contributed enormously as researcher and scholar to the biological knowledge base for selection of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism in neurobiology, genetics, and molecular biology. He helped guide the choice of strains that were eventually used, and, in particular, he developed the methodology and understanding for the nutrition and axenic culture of nematodes and other organisms. Dougherty insisted upon a concise terminology for culture techniques and coined descriptive neologisms that were justified by their linguistic roots. Among other contributions, he refined the classification system for the Protista.
Structural and optical properties of PA MBE AlGaN quantum well heterostructures grown on c-Al2O3 by using flux- and temperature-modulated techniques
Authors: Jmerik Valentin N. , Nechaev Dmitrii V. , Rouvimov Sergey , Ratnikov Valentin V. , Kop'ev Peter S. , Rzheutski Mikolai V. , Lutsenko Eugenii V. , Yablonskii Gennadii P. , Aljohenii Maher , Aljerwii Abdulaziz , Alyamani Ahmed , Ivanov Sergey V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
THE NUMBER OF LIFE YEARS LOST (DALYS) DUE TO PREMATURE MORTALITY IN THE POPULATION OF TOMSK REGION IN 2012
Authors: Kobyakova O. S. , Deev I. A. , Nesvetailo N. Ya. , Boikov V. A. , Shibalkov I. P. , Naumov A. O. , Kulikov E. S. , Starovoitova E. A. , Mazeina S. V. 
Published: August 2015

Aim: to calculate the index of years of life lost population due to premature death in the Tomsk region in 2012, and the contribution of various groups of diseases in the total indicator DALY among males and females. Materials and methods: in the calculation of DALY used the number and the gender and age structure of the population of Tomsk region by 01.01.2012, according to Rosstat. To conduct the calculation of DALY used the methodology presented by the world Bank in the report «Investing in health» in 1993 According to the methodology, the DALY is the number of years of life of the population, lived with disability or other health problems, and lost due to premature death. Results: the total loss of DALYs in the Tomsk region by the end of 2012 amounted 112,3, per 1000 population (11,6±8,9). In the structure of DALYs by cause of death 1st place is occupied by diseases of the circulatory system, 2nd injury and poisoning, 3rd neoplasms. Conclusions: the indicator DALY in the Tomsk region are significantly lower than the Russian Federation as a whole (according to S.A. Leonov - 1.25 times, according to G. Yang - 2 times). The relatively low level of DALYs in the Tomsk region is associated with favourable compared with other regions of the age structure (younger populations). It should also be noted that more than 70% of population live in urban areas, where, as is known, the availability of medical care are higher than in rural.
INDIVIDUAL PRECONSCIOUS AFFECTIVE BIASES TO THREATENING AND APPETITIVE FACIAL STIMULI AND CARDIOVASCULAR STRESS-REACTIVITY
Authors: Aftanas L. I. , Pavlov S. V. , Brak I. V. , Korenek V. V. 
Published: August 2015

Aim: to investigate cardiovascular stress-reactivity in association with individual preconscious affective biases to threatening and appetitive facial stimuli. Patients and methods: preconscious affective biases were assessed in healthy individuals (n =38, mean age M =28,10 years, 1SD =8,64) using a modified (masked) version of a pictorial emotional Stroop task (backward masking of the angry, fearful and joyful faces). Results: it was revealed that individual preconscious bias to speeded up perception of angry faces correlates significantly with heightened anxiety, lowered platelet serotonin (5-HT) levels, sustained central overactivation of at rest (as indexed by lowered delta, theta, and beta-1 EEG power over frontal, central and posterior cortical areas) and exaggerated arterial blood pressure stress-reactivity during re-experiencing of personally relevant anger. Conclusions: considering uncovered associations, individuals with preconscious bias to speeded up perception of angry faces may be regarded as having enhanced risk to fall sick with essential hypertension, yet this perceptive bias could be seen as a putative neurobehavioral predictor of the risk.
ONCOLYTIC PROPERTIES OF SOME ORTHOPOXVIRUSES, ADENOVIRUSES AND PARVOVIRUSES IN HUMAN GLIOMA CELLS
Authors: Razumov I. A. , Svyatchenko V. A. , Protopopova E. V. , Kochneva G. V. , Kiselev N. N. , Gubanova N. V. , Shilov A. G. , Mordvinov V. A. , Netesov S. V. , Chumakov P. M. , Loktev V. B. 
Published: August 2015

Currently one of the most promising approaches in development of cancer virotherapy is based on the ability of oncolytic viruses to selective infection and lysis of tumor cells. Aim.The goal of the study was to identify and evaluate perspective oncolytic viruses capable of selectively destroying human glioma cells. Patients and methods. Original GB2m, GA14m and GB22m glioma cell cultures derived from patients were used for evaluating in vitro oncolytic activity of some typical orthopoxviruses, adenoviruses and parvoviruses. Results. The oncolytic activity in the human glioma cell models was confirmed for LIVP and WR strains of vaccinia virus, Adel2 and Ad2del strains with deletions within E1B/55K gene and derived from human adenoviruses type 2 and 5, respectively. Conclusions. We consider these oncolytic viruses as promising agents for the treatment of human malignant glioma.
Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of the Salivary Glands: A Multicenter, International Experience of 248 Patients (IELSG 41)
Authors: Jackson Amie E. , Mian Michael , Kalpadakis Christina , Pangalis Gerassimos A. , Stathis Anastasios , Porro Elena , Conconi Annarita , Cortelazzo Sergio , Gaidano Gianluca , Guillermo Armando Lopez , Johnson Peter W. , Martelli Maurizio , Martinelli Giovanni , Thieblemont Catherine , McPhail Ellen D. , Copie-Bergman Christiane , Pileri Stefano A. , Jack Andrew , Campo Elias , Mazzucchelli Luca , Ristow Kay , Habermann Thomas M. , Cavalli Franco , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Zucca Emanuele 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background.
The salivary gland is one of the most common sites involved by nongastric, extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). A large series of patients with long-term follow-up has not been documented. This multicenter, international study sought to characterize the clinical characteristics, treatment, and natural history of salivary gland MALT lymphoma.

Methods.
Patients with biopsy-confirmed salivary gland MALT lymphoma were identified from multiple international sites. Risk factors, treatment, and long-term outcomes were evaluated.

Results.
A total of 247 patients were evaluated; 76% presented with limited-stage disease. There was a history of autoimmune disorder in 41%, with Sjögren disease being the most common (83%). Fifty-seven percent of patients were initially treated with local therapy with surgery, radiation, or both; 37 of patients were treated with systemic therapy initially, with 47% of those receiving rituximab; and 6% of patients were observed. The median overall survival (OS) was 18.3 years. The median progression-free survival (PFS) following primary therapy was 9.3 years. There was no difference in the outcomes between patients receiving local or systemic therapy in first-line management. On multivariate analysis, age &lt;60 years and low to intermediate international prognostic index were associated with improved OS and PFS; Sjögren disease was associated with improved OS.

Conclusion.
Salivary gland MALT lymphoma has an excellent prognosis regardless of initial treatment, and patients with Sjögren disease have improved survival. Risks for long-term complications must be weighed when determining initial therapy.

Implications for Practice:
Patients with salivary gland extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) have an excellent prognosis, particularly those with associated Sjögren's disease. A wide range of available therapies may provide similar durable rates of disease control and survival. Therefore, an important goal in selection of therapy should be to minimize morbidity from treatment. When determining initial therapy for these patients, practitioners should consider the potential side effects and long-term toxicities of treatment.
Effectiveness of Laser Application for Periodontal Surgical Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Behdin Shabnam , Monje Alberto , Lin Guo‐Hao , Edwards Bruce , Othman Abdullah , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: August 2015

Background: Evidence has shown some improved clinical outcomes and morbidity reduction with the use of lasers for non‐surgical periodontal therapy due to ablation, vaporization, hemostasis, and field sterilization. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate and compare studies involving lasers as monotherapy or adjunctive to surgical periodontal treatment.Methods: Electronic and manual searches were conducted by two independent reviewers in several databases for articles written in English up to December 2014. Articles were included in this review if they reported outcomes of surgical periodontal therapy with and without the use of lasers. The primary outcome was probing depth (PD), and secondary outcomes were measured changes in clinical factors such as clinical attachment level (CAL) and gingival recession (GR). For the comparative studies included, the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each variable were calculated using random‐effects meta‐analysis.Results: Eight and nine articles were included in the quantitative and qualitative analyses, respectively. Although low‐to‐moderate risk of bias was detected, high heterogeneity among studies was found. In flap surgery with or without laser treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in primary outcome. Similarly, in guided tissue regeneration (GTR)/enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with and without laser treatment, the WMD of PD was negligible; however, the GTR/EMD group showed better outcomes (P = 0.005) than the laser group. Regarding the secondary outcomes, in the flap surgery group, the WMD of CAL gain was 1.34 mm, and the WMD of GR was −0.24 mm; no significant difference was detected between groups. In GTR/EMD with and without laser treatment, the WMD of CAL gain was 0.10 mm and the WMD of recession was −0.18 mm; again, no significant difference was detected between groups.Conclusions: The available evidence is insufficient to support the effectiveness of dental lasers as an adjunct to resective or regenerative surgical periodontal therapy. However, precautions must be exercised when interpreting the results of this study because of the small sample size and high heterogeneity among studies.
Physiologic Levels of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Maintain the Proliferation and Differentiation Capacity of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells
Authors: Su Yingying , Liu Dayong , Liu Yi , Zhang Chunmei , Wang Jinsong , Wang Songlin 
Published: August 2015

Background: Many invading oral bacteria are known to produce considerable amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The toxic activity of exogenous H2S in periodontal tissue has been demonstrated, but the role of endogenous H2S in the physiologic function of periodontal tissue remains poorly understood. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the biologic functions of H2S in the proliferation and differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs).Methods: PDLSCs were isolated from periodontal ligament tissues of periodontally healthy volunteers or patients with periodontitis. Immunocytochemical staining, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis were used to examine the expression of H2S‐synthesizing enzymes cystathionine‐β‐synthase (CBS) and cystathionine‐γ‐lyase (CSE). The proliferation capacity of PDLSCs was determined by cell counting kit‐8 assay, carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester analysis, and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay. The osteogenic potential of PDLSCs was tested using alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin Red staining, and in vivo transplantation experiments. Oil Red O staining was used to analyze adipogenic ability.Results: The results show that human PDLSCs express both CBS and CSE and produce H2S. Blocking the generation of endogenous H2S with CBS inhibitor hydroxylamine significantly attenuated PDLSC proliferation and reduced the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity of PDLSCs. In contrast, CSE inhibitor dl‐propargylglycine had no effect on PDLSC function. Exogenous H2S could inhibit the production of endogenous H2S and impair PDLSC function in a dose‐dependent manner.Conclusion: Physiologic levels of endogenous H2S maintain the proliferation and differentiation capacity of PDLSCs, and CBS may be the main source of endogenous H2S in PDLSCs.
The Contribution of Missed Clinic Visits to Disparities in HIV Viral Load Outcomes
Authors: Zinski Anne , Westfall Andrew O. , Gardner Lytt I. , Giordano Thomas P. , Wilson Tracey E. , Drainoni Mari-Lynn , Keruly Jeanne C. , Rodriguez Allan E. , Malitz Faye , Batey D. Scott , Mugavero Michael J. 
Published: August 2015

Objectives. We explored the contribution of missed primary HIV care visits (“no-show”) to observed disparities in virological failure (VF) among Black persons and persons with injection drug use (IDU) history. Methods. We used patient-level data from 6 academic clinics, before the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Health Resources and Services Administration Retention in Care intervention. We employed staged multivariable logistic regression and multivariable models stratified by no-show visit frequency to evaluate the association of sociodemographic factors with VF. We used multiple imputations to assign missing viral load values. Results. Among 10 053 patients (mean age = 46 years; 35% female; 64% Black; 15% with IDU history), 31% experienced VF. Although Black patients and patients with IDU history were significantly more likely to experience VF in initial analyses, race and IDU parameter estimates were attenuated after sequential addition of no-show frequency. In stratified models, race and IDU were not statistically significantly associated with VF at any no-show level. Conclusions. Because missed clinic visits contributed to observed differences in viral load outcomes among Black and IDU patients, achieving an improved understanding of differential visit attendance is imperative to reducing disparities in HIV.
Sharing a Playbook: Integrated Care in Community Health Centers in the United States
Authors: Jones Emily B. , Ku Leighton 
Published: August 2015

Objectives. We investigated basic measures used to assess collaboration between colocated providers and to gauge the extent to which health centers practice integrated care. Methods. We used the Assessment of Behavioral Health Services survey and the 2010 Uniform Data System to explore the elements of integrated care for behavioral health conditions. We used multivariable regression models to examine the correlates of integrated care. Results. More than 85% of health centers provided mental health services in 2010, and almost half offered substance use treatment. Health centers commonly reported shared access to information among behavioral health and medical providers and joint care planning. A higher degree of integrated care involving joint case conferences was less common. Health centers without electronic health records and those with lower percentages of total staff composed of behavioral health workers were less likely to provide integrated care. Conclusions. A 2-pronged strategy involving financial incentives and technical assistance to spread best practices might increase integrated care, particularly among health centers that are not maximizing the potential of electronic health records and health centers with low behavioral health staffing levels.
“We’ll Get to You When We Get to You”: Exploring Potential Contributions of Health Care Staff Behaviors to Patient Perceptions of Discrimination and Satisfaction
Authors: Tajeu Gabriel S. , Cherrington Andrea L. , Andreae Lynn , Prince Candice , Holt Cheryl L. , Halanych Jewell H. 
Published: August 2015

Objectives. We qualitatively assessed patients’ perceptions of discrimination and patient satisfaction in the health care setting specific to interactions with nonphysician health care staff. Methods. We conducted 12 focus-group interviews with African American and European American participants, stratified by race and gender, from June to November 2008. We used a topic guide to facilitate discussion and identify factors contributing to perceived discrimination and analyzed transcripts for relevant themes using a codebook. Results. We enrolled 92 participants: 55 African Americans and 37 European Americans, all of whom reported perceived discrimination and lower patient satisfaction as a result of interactions with nonphysician health care staff. Perceived discrimination was associated with 2 main characteristics: insurance or socioeconomic status and race. Both verbal and nonverbal communication style on the part of nonphysician health care staff were related to individuals’ perceptions of how they were treated. Conclusions. The behaviors of nonphysician health care staff in the clinical setting can potentially contribute to patients’ perceptions of discrimination and lowered patient satisfaction. Future interventions to reduce health care discrimination should include a focus on staff cultural competence and customer service skills.
The Relationship Between Financial Distress and Life-Course Socioeconomic Inequalities in Well-Being: Cross-National Analysis of European Welfare States
Authors: Niedzwiedz Claire L. , Pell Jill P. , Mitchell Richard 
Published: August 2015

Objectives. We investigated to what extent current financial distress explains the relationship between life-course socioeconomic position and well-being in Southern, Scandinavian, Postcommunist, and Bismarckian welfare regimes. Methods. We analyzed individuals (n = 18 324) aged 50 to 75 years in the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe, 2006–2009. Well-being was measured with CASP-12 (which stands for control, autonomy, self-realization, and pleasure) and life satisfaction. We generated a life-course socioeconomic index from 8 variables and calculated multilevel regression models (containing individuals nested within 13 countries), as well as stratified single-level models by welfare regime. Results. Life-course socioeconomic advantage was related to higher well-being; the difference in life satisfaction between the most and least advantaged was 2.09 (95% confidence interval = 1.87, 2.31) among women and 1.65 (95% confidence interval = 1.43, 1.87) among men. The weakest associations were found among Scandinavian countries. Financial distress was associated with lower well-being and attenuated the relationship between life-course socioeconomic position and well-being in all regimes (ranging from 34.26% in Postcommunist to 72.22% in Scandinavian countries). Conclusions. We found narrower inequalities in well-being in the Scandinavian regime. Reducing financial distress may help improve well-being and reduce inequalities.
Modeling the Movement of Homicide by Type to Inform Public Health Prevention Efforts
Authors: Zeoli April M. , Grady Sue , Pizarro Jesenia M. , Melde Chris 
Published: August 2015

Objectives. We modeled the spatiotemporal movement of hotspot clusters of homicide by motive in Newark, New Jersey, to investigate whether different homicide types have different patterns of clustering and movement. Methods. We obtained homicide data from the Newark Police Department Homicide Unit’s investigative files from 1997 through 2007 (n = 560). We geocoded the address at which each homicide victim was found and recorded the date of and the motive for the homicide. We used cluster detection software to model the spatiotemporal movement of statistically significant homicide clusters by motive, using census tract and month of occurrence as the spatial and temporal units of analysis. Results. Gang-motivated homicides showed evidence of clustering and diffusion through Newark. Additionally, gang-motivated homicide clusters overlapped to a degree with revenge and drug-motivated homicide clusters. Escalating dispute and nonintimate familial homicides clustered; however, there was no evidence of diffusion. Intimate partner and robbery homicides did not cluster. Conclusions. By tracking how homicide types diffuse through communities and determining which places have ongoing or emerging homicide problems by type, we can better inform the deployment of prevention and intervention efforts.
Drawing the Curtain Back on Injured Commercial Bicyclists
Authors: Heyer Jessica H. , Sethi Monica , Wall Stephen P. , Ayoung-Chee Patricia , Slaughter Dekeya , Jacko Sally , DiMaggio Charles J. , Frangos Spiros G. 
Published: August 2015

Objectives. We determined the demographic characteristics, behaviors, injuries, and outcomes of commercial bicyclists who were injured while navigating New York City’s (NYC’s) central business district. Methods. Our study involved a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from a level 1 regional trauma center in 2008 to 2014 of bicyclists struck by motor vehicles. We performed univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results. Of 819 injured bicyclists, 284 (34.7%) were working. Commercial bicyclists included 24.4% to 45.1% of injured bicyclists annually. Injured commercial bicyclists were more likely Latino (56.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 50.7, 62.8 vs 22.7%; 95% CI = 19.2, 26.5). Commercial bicyclists were less likely to be distracted by electronic devices (5.0%; 95% CI = 2.7, 8.2 vs 12.7%; 95% CI = 9.9, 15.9) or to have consumed alcohol (0.7%; 95% CI = 0.9, 2.5 vs 9.5%; 95% CI = 7.2, 12.3). Commercial and noncommercial bicyclists did not differ in helmet use (38.4%; 95% CI = 32.7, 44.4 vs 30.8%; 95% CI = 26.9, 34.9). Injury severity scores were less severe in commercial bicyclists (odds ratio = 0.412; 95% CI = 0.235, 0.723). Conclusions. Commercial bicyclists represent a unique cohort of vulnerable roadway users. In NYC, minorities, especially Latinos, should be targeted for safety education programs.
A Systems Approach to Improving Tdap Immunization Within 5 Community-Based Family Practice Settings: Working Differently (and Better) by Transforming the Structure and Process of Care
Authors: Shultz Cameron G. , Malouin Jean M. , Green Lee A. , Plegue Melissa , Greenberg Grant M. 
Published: August 2015

Objectives. We examined how family medicine clinic physicians and staff worked in collaborative teams to implement an automated clinical reminder to improve tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) booster vaccine administration and documentation. Methods. A clinical reminder was developed at 5 University of Michigan family medicine clinics to identify patients 11 to 64 years old who were in need of the Tdap booster vaccine. Quality improvement cycles were used to improve clinic care processes. Immunization rates from 2008 to 2011 were compared with rates at 4 primary care control clinics. Results. Vaccination rates among eligible patients increased from 15.5% to 47.3% within the family medicine clinics and from 14.1% to 30.2% within the control clinics. After adjustment for covariates, family medicine patients had a higher probability of vaccination than control patients during each measurement period (0.17 vs 0.15 at baseline, 0.53 vs 0.22 during year 1, and 0.50 vs 0.30 during year 2). Conclusions. Automated clinical reminders, when designed and implemented via a consensus-based framework that addresses the process of care, can dramatically improve provision of preventive health care.