bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser and scanning electron microscopy evaluation of residual microislands of calculus
Authors: Harrel Stephen K. , Cobb Charles M. , Nunn Martha E. , Zhao Donggao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies suggest a role for microscopic crystalline particles of residual dental calculus in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare the effectiveness of scaling and root planing (SRP) alone versus SRP combined with 24% ethylenediamine‐tetra acetic acid (EDTA) gel in removing calculus from extracted teeth and to determine the optimal length of time for application of the EDTA.MethodsSpecimens consisted of 32 extracted teeth with heavy root calculus. A 4‐mm diameter site was prepared on the root surface of each tooth which then underwent SRP. EDTA was applied to four timed groups: 30 s; 60 s; 120 s; and 180 s. Photomicrographs were taken at 40× magnification using white light (WL) and laser fluorescence (LF). Photomicrographs were analyzed using ImageJ. Specimens were also evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM).ResultsThe mean area of residual calculus after SRP was 45%–53% (45.6% ± 19.6% WL, 53.8% ± 19.7% LF). Burnishing with EDTA for one minute following SRP reduced calculus to only 14%–18% (13.9% ± 12.5% LF, 18.2% ± 11.1% WL). Use of EDTA for greater than 1 min showed no further calculus removal. SEM revealed the surface of remaining calculus was altered by burnishing with EDTA.ConclusionSRP alone or SRP + 24% EDTA gel failed to remove all calculus. SRP alone removed >60% of calculus from root surfaces. Adjunctive use of 24% EDTA gel burnished on the root surface removed most of the calculus residual after SRP. Calculus remaining after EDTA burnishing exhibited a significantly altered morphologic appearance.
Significance of retrograde flow with antegrade continence enemas in children with fecal incontinence and constipation
Authors: Pearlstein Haley , Wang Lyon , Thompson Benjamin P. , Wood Richard J. , Levitt Marc A. , Bali Neetu , Vaz Karla , Yacob Desale , Di Lorenzo Carlo , Lu Peter L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundFor children with constipation and fecal incontinence treated with antegrade continence enemas (ACE), a fluoroscopic study with contrast administered via appendicostomy/cecostomy can define the anatomy of the colon and simulate the flush to investigate associated symptoms or inadequate response. These studies can at times show retrograde flow into the small intestine. Our objective was to investigate the significance of this finding.MethodsWe reviewed studies at our institution with contrast administered via appendicostomy/cecostomy in children treated with ACE, identifying those demonstrating retrograde flow of contrast. We recorded demographics, medical history, interventions, and outcomes.ResultsWe identified 162 studies (52% male, median age 10.7 years) with contrast via appendicostomy (76%) or cecostomy (24%). Diagnoses included anorectal malformation (38%), spinal cord anomaly (26%), functional constipation (24%), colonic dysmotility (18%), and Hirschsprung disease (12%). Fifty‐nine (36%) studies showed retrograde flow: 28/59 children (48%) were not responding adequately and 21/59 (36%) had symptoms with ACE. Children with retrograde flow were more likely to have symptoms with ACE than those without (36% vs. 15%, p < 0.01). Fourteen children underwent interventions for this finding, including administering flushes more distally (4/8 responded), changing positioning of the child during flush administration, (1/2 responded), and slowing administration (1/1 responded). Retrograde flow was associated with younger age (p < 0.01), not sex or underlying diagnosis.ConclusionIdentifying retrograde flow during studies with contrast administered via appendicostomy/cecostomy can be useful for children with a poor response or symptoms associated with ACE, as adjustments to the mechanics of the flush can alleviate those symptoms.Level of EvidencePrognostic study, Level III.
Diversified cropping modules designed for soil restoration, CO2 sequestration, and generating carbon credits
Authors: Meena Ram Swaroop , Pradhan Gourisankar , Nalani  , Kumar Sandeep , Singh Ambuj Kumar , Verma Sunil Kumar , Mina Krishan Kant , Kumar Sunil , Chaturvedi R. K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to know the potential of different cropping modules (CMs) that started on the degraded land representing 4450 km2 of the Vindhyan region of India. The objective of the study was to know (i) the higher carbon dioxide (CO2) biosequestration, (ii) enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions, and (iii) generate carbon (C) credit to the additional income as a climate currency to the farmers. The experiment was carried out on 4–13 years (2010–2022) old practiced CMs viz; (1) Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.) + bajra (Pennisetum glaucum), 13‐year; (2) Guava (Psidium guajava) + phalsa (Grewia asiatica), 4‐year; (3) Teak (Tectona grandis) + wheat (Triticum aestivum), 10‐year; (4) Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), 13‐year; (5) Pasture land, 13‐year, and (6) Rice (Oryza sativa),13‐year. Soil samples were collected from two depths (0–0.15 and 0.15–0.30 m) under 82.7 and 83.33 East longitude and 23.52 and 25.32 North latitudes. Results showed that the mean data of depths pH and electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 4.4–8.1 and 0.10–0.77 dS m−1, respectively. Furthermore, the mean data of both depths' bulk density (ρb) varied between 1.3 and 1.5 Megagram (Mg) m−3. The mean data of both depths available soil organic C (ASOC) (7.25 g kg−1) and SOC stock (14.43 Mg ha−1) in the pasture land‐based CMs found 137.7% and 111.0% more over rice‐based CMs (3.05 g kg−1 and 6.84 Mg ha−1), respectively. The maximum permanganate oxidizable carbon (POX‐C), microbial biomass C in soil (MBCS), and total organic C (TOC) stock based on mean data of both depths were 798.2 mg kg−1, 92.6 μg g−1, and 46.3 Mg ha−1 found in pasture land‐based CMs. Regarding mean data of both depths, the recalcitrant index (RI) and lability index (LI) ranged about 0.4–0.9 and 1.7–2.0, respectively. Moreover, the highest total CO2 biosequestration (124.7 Mg ha−1), C credit (US$ 6233 ha−1), and the social cost (US$ 10,720 ha−1) were observed in eucalyptus + bajra‐based CMs. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) study, the principal component 1 (PC1) and PC2 explained 74.6 and 16.6% variability on various parameters, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between ASOC and MBCS was 0.74. The hypothesis of this study was to create agricultural CMs that would restore degraded land levels of SOC fraction, enhance the CO2 biosequestration, and generate C‐credit for farmers as a climate currency for additional income. Furthermore, it will fulfil the net zero emission goal and bring down neutral land degradation.
Impact of diversity of top management team on firm's green innovation: Evidence from China
Authors: Yan Caiyu , Xiao Yigui , Li Juan , Xia Chuanwen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe diversity of top management team can bring more resources and opportunities to the enterprise and contribute to its green strategy. This research focuses on the relationship between diversity of top management team and green innovation and further identifies internal influencing mechanism. We employ the number of green patents, ratio of green patents, and the ratio of green inventions to describe and measure firm's green innovation. It finds that the diversity of top management team could trigger strategic green innovation rather than substantive green innovation of enterprise. There are positive impacts of diversity of top management team on number of green patents and ratio of green patents. There is no evidence that diversity of top management team promotes the ratio of green inventions. Based on heterogeneity analysis, we further confirm that the results mentioned above only exist in those firms with high energy consumption and high pollution. Meanwhile, this research examines the influencing mechanism and finds that the diversity of top management team stimulates number of green patents and ratio of green patent through reducing tunneling effect and enhancing internal control.
Short‐Term Postnatal Overfeeding Induces Long‐Lasting Cardiometabolic Syndrome in Mature and Old Mice Associated with Increased Sensitivity to Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Rigal Eve , Josse Marie , Greco Camille , Rosenblatt Nathalie , Rochette Luc , Guenancia Charles , Vergely Catherine 
Published: June 2024

ScopePerinatal nutritional disturbances may “program” an increased cardio‐metabolic risk in adulthood; however, few experimental studies have explored their effects on mature and/or old animal. This study aims to investigate the influence of postnatal overfeeding (PNOF) on cardiac function, sensitivity to ischemia‐reperfusion (I‐R) injury in vivo, glucose metabolism, and metabolic profile of pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) in young (4 months), adult (6 months), old (12 months), and very old (18 months) male mice.Methods and resultsTwo days after birth, PNOF is induced by adjusting the litter size of C57BL/6 male mice to three pups/mother, while the normally fed (NF) control group is normalized to nine pups/mother. After weaning, all mice have free access to standard diet. Glucose/insulin tests and in vivo myocardial I‐R injury are conducted on mice aged from 2 to 12 months, while echocardiography is performed at all ages up to 18 months. PNOF mice exhibit an early and persistent 10–20% increase in body weight and a 10% decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction throughout their lifespan. In PNOF mice aged 4, 6, and 12 months, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance are observed, as well as a 27–34% increase in infarct size. This is accompanied by a higher PAT mass with increased inflammatory status.ConclusionShort‐term PNOF results in nutritional programming, inducing long‐lasting alterations in glucose metabolism and cardiac vulnerability in male mice, lasting up to 12 months.
Implementation of convolutional perfectly matched layer for the low‐dispersion one‐step leapfrog HIE‐FDTD method
Authors: Zhou Fuqi , Zhang Kanglong , Zhao Peng , Wang Gaofeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML) is implemented for the low‐dispersion one‐step leapfrog hybrid implicit‐explicit (HIE) finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method. The implementation process of CPML in the low‐dispersion leapfrog HIE‐FDTD method is demonstrated in this work. In addition, a dual‐band multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna was simulated and designed using the proposed scheme, and the dual‐band MIMO antenna was also fabricated and measured. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme was verified by comparing the simulation and experimental results of scattering parameters, relative errors, and radiation patterns.
Factors contributing to nurses' intent to leave during COVID‐19
Authors: Maashi Tahani , Pogorzelska‐Maziarz Monika , Johansen Mary L. , Grafova Irina , de Cordova Pamela B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo examine the association between demographic characteristics (i.e., gender, race, age, and years of experience), burnout, and nurses' intent to leave their jobs during the first wave of COVID‐19 in New Jersey. COVID‐19 has exacerbated burnout and intent to leave among acute care nurses. Nonetheless, little is known about demographic factors contributing to nurses' desire to leave their jobs. A cross‐sectional survey of actively licensed registered nurses who provided direct patient care in an acute care hospital in New Jersey during COVID‐19. Among 2760 nurses, those who reported burnout were 4.78 times more likely to report intent to leave their job within 1 year as compared to nurses who did not report burnout. Black RNs were 2.06 times more likely to report intent to leave as compared to White RNs. Older nurses (aged 40–49) were 36% less likely to report intent to leave as compared to younger nurses (aged 21–29). RNs with 30 years of experience or more were 58% less likely to report intent to leave as compared to RNs with less than 5 years of experience. In addition, Black RNs with 6–12 years of experience were 2.07 times more likely to report intent to leave as compared to White RNs with less than 5 years of experience. Nurses' intent to leave during the first wave of the pandemic was influenced by burnout, race, age, and years of experience. Based on the results of the current study, Black nurses were more likely to report intent to leave their job within 1 year as compared to White RNs. Nurses' intention to leave is one of the most important global issues facing the healthcare system. Findings of the current study demonstrate that burnout, race, age, and years of experience are significant predictors of nurses' intent to leave their jobs. Therefore, organizations should prioritize strategies to reduce burnout and create diverse and inclusive work environments.
Identification of geographical origins of Gastrodia elata Blume based on multisource data fusion
Authors: Liu Hong , Liu Honggao , Li Jieqing , Wang Yuanzhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionIdentifying the geographical origin of Gastrodia elata Blume contributes to the scientific and rational utilization of medicinal materials. In this study, infrared spectroscopy was combined with machine learning algorithms to distinguish the origin of G. elata BI.ObjectiveRealization of rapid and accurate identification of the origin of G. elata BI.Materials and methodsAttenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectra and Fourier transform near‐infrared (FT‐NIR) spectra were collected for 306 samples of G. elata BI. samples. Firstly, a support vector machine (SVM) model was established based on the single‐spectrum and the full‐spectrum fusion data. To investigate whether feature‐level fusion strategy can enhance the model's performance, the sequential and orthogonalized partial least squares discriminant analysis (SO‐PLS‐DA) model was established to extract and combine two types of spectral features. Next, six algorithms were employed to extract feature variables, SVM model was established based on the feature‐level fusion data. To avoid complicated preprocessing and feature extraction processes, a residual convolutional neural network (ResNet) model was established after converting the raw spectral data into spectral images.ResultsThe accuracy of the feature‐level fusion model is better as compared to the single‐spectrum model and the fusion model with full‐spectrum, and SO‐PLS‐DA is simpler than feature‐level fusion based on the SVM model. The ResNet model performs well in classification but requires more data to enhance its generalization capability and training effectiveness.ConclusionSequential and orthogonalized data fusion approaches and ResNet models are powerful solutions for identifying the geographic origin of G. elata BI.
Quantifying water effluent violations and enforcement impacts using causal AI
Authors: Wang Yingjie , Sobien Dan , Kulkarni Ajay , Batarseh Feras A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the landscape of environmental governance, controlling water pollution through the regulation of point sources is vital as it preserves ecosystems, protects human health, ensures legal compliance, and fulfills global environmental responsibilities. Under the Clean Water Act, the integrated compliance information system monitors the compliance and enforcement status of facilities regulated by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program. This study assesses temporal and geographic trends for effluent violations within the United States and introduces a novel metric for quantifying violation trends at the facility level. Furthermore, we utilize a linear parametric approach for Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE) causal analysis to quantify the heterogeneous effects of EPA and state enforcement actions on effluent violation trends at facilities with NPDES permits. Our research reveals insights into national pollutant discharge trends, regional clustering of all pollutant violation types in Ohio ( Z‐score of 2.15), and priority pollutants in West Virginia ( Z‐score of 3.07). The trend metric identifies regulated facilities that struggle with severe and recurring violations. The causal model highlights variations in state compliance and enforcement effectiveness, underscoring the successful moderation of violation trends by states such as Montana and Maryland, among others.
Nanoparticle‐Based Drug Delivery Platform for Simultaneous Administration of Phytochemicals and Chemotherapeutics: Emerging Trends in Cancer Management
Authors: Kawish Syed M. , Sharma Shwetakshi , Gupta Priya , Ahmad Farhan J. , Iqbal Muzaffar , Alshabrmi Fahad M , Anwer Md. Khalid , Fathi‐karkan Sonia , Rahdar Abbas , Aboudzadeh M. Ali 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite progress in cancer treatments, it remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Current chemotherapy is often hampered by side effects, tissue damage, and drug resistance. To overcome these limitations, research is exploring new approaches to improve chemotherapy efficacy and reduce its side effects. A promising strategy involves combining chemotherapeutic drugs with phytochemicals, which are active compounds derived from plants. Nanotechnology plays a crucial role in delivering these often‐hydrophobic drugs, enhancing their bioavailability and solubility. This research area represents a significant convergence of nanotechnology with both conventional pharmaceuticals and botanical compounds. Global studies are increasingly demonstrating the potential of these combination therapies to inhibit cancer cell growth in laboratory and preclinical models. These studies suggest synergistic or additive effects that lead to improved treatment outcomes. This article focuses on recent advancements in nano‐drug delivery systems, specifically those designed for the simultaneous delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs and phytochemicals. It explores the selection of phytochemicals based on their anticancer properties, outlines the design considerations for nanocarriers, and discusses how physicochemical characteristics influence drug release kinetics. Additionally, the review examines nanoformulations that integrate synthetic drugs with natural components, highlighting the potential of herbal oils and medicines in cancer treatment.
Analyzing the patient isocenter positional accuracy with portal imaging acquired at different gantry angles and its dosimetrical impact on the dose delivery for head and neck cancers
Authors: Pandu Bharath , Khanna D , Palanisamy Mohandass , Jacob Saro , Maddipati Tatarao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the effect of different gantry angles on portal imaging in terms of isocenter shifts and their dosimetric impact on dose delivery.MethodsThirty patients with head and neck cancers were prospectively selected for this study. The reference anterior to posterior (AP) digitally reconstructed reference radiograph image was obtained at a gantry angle of 0°. The AP portal images were acquired at angles of 0°, 0.5°, 1°, 1.5°, and 2.0°. The average deviation of the isocenter shift with respect to the zero‐gantry angle was calculated. To check the dosimetric effects, the reference fluence was compared with different fluences measured at different isocenter shifts.ResultsThe average isocenter shift differences in the lateral direction were 0.7 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.9 mm, and 2.5 mm. The average difference was <±0.1 mm for isocenter shift in the longitudinal direction. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the average isocenter shift and gamma pass rate with respect to the different isocenter position errors were significant in the lateral direction.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that as the gantry angle increased, the isocenter shifted and the percentage of deviation in the lateral direction increased.
Supplier–buyer (in)congruence in environmental management accounting for sustainable development in the context of Japan
Authors: Zeng Yanqin , Katsumata Sotaro , Li Xi , Zhang Qingyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study provides a comprehensive perspective on the integration of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) in translating environmental management strategies into corporate outcomes, both at the firm and supply chain levels. Grounded in legitimacy theory and agency theory, we introduce a conceptual framework to comprehensively investigate the impact of EMA implementation on corporate environmental performance (CEP) and corporate financial performance (CFP). Additionally, by considering the dynamics of supplier–buyer relationships, this research delves into the influence of supplier–buyer alignment in EMA on corporate performance, encompassing CEP and CFP within a supply network. To collect empirical data, we partnered with two prominent information firms in Japan, Toyo Keizai Inc. and., Nikkei Inc and gathered EMA data from chief financial officers of publicly listed companies spanning multiple industries in Japan. We manually paired these public firms with their business partners, including industry buyers and suppliers, to establish focal firm‐business partner pairs. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between the extent of EMA implementation and both CEP and CFP. Furthermore, we observe that board gender diversity enhances the relationship between EMA implementation and CFP, while it exerts no influence on the connection between EMA implementation and CEP. Lastly, our study reveals that supplier–buyer congruence in EMA implementation yields positive effects on the performance of focal firms operating within a supply chain network.
Sustainability transition theories: Perpetuating or breaking with the status quo
Authors: Biely Katharina , Chakori Sabrina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHow scientists frame problems impact the solutions offered. Since the late 1940s development has been equated with modernization, technology adoption, and economic growth. Contrasting to this technocentric view, an ecocentric view has developed since the 1960s. Despite the criticism of technocentric views and increasing evidence that modern human societies are not reaching their environmental and social goals, technocentric views have remained predominant in the sustainable development discourse. Using a Kuhnian lens, the divide between technocentric and ecocentric perspectives can be framed as distinct paradigms within the sustainable development discourse. This paper outlines the continuation of the divide between technocentric and ecocentric worldviews within sustainability transition studies. It shows that the technocentric view remained predominant and that socio‐technical transition theory fails to break with technocentric and growth‐focused approaches to progress and development. The paper concludes by outlining what could be gained if an ecocentric view became more weight.
The path to China's zero‐carbon target: Implications for the relationship between de‐coal, economic output, and carbon dioxide emissions
Authors: Kocak Emrah , Alnour Mohammed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the asymmetric impact of de‐coal in China on economic output and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through a nonlinear time series simulation over the period 1965–2021. The research also estimates the effects of using renewable energy as an alternative fuel to replace coal. The results show that the reducing effect of de‐coal on CO2 emissions is stronger than the increasing effect of coal consumption. The negative impact of de‐coal on economic growth is weak or insignificant. While renewable energy contributes to economic output, it has a reducing effect on CO2 emissions. At the end of the paper, China's targets to achieve carbon neutrality and de‐coal are discussed based on the findings.