bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of human filovirus infections in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Semancik Christopher S. , Cooper Christopher L. , Postler Thomas S. , Price Matt , Yun Heejin , Zaric Marija , Kuteesa Monica , Malkevich Nina , Kilianski Andrew , Gupta Swati B. , Francis Suzanna C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Marburg virus disease (MVD) in sub-Saharan Africa illustrate the need to better understand animal reservoirs, burden of disease, and human transmission of filoviruses. This protocol outlines a systematic literature review to assess the prevalence of filoviruses that infect humans in sub-Saharan Africa. A secondary aim is to qualitatively describe and evaluate the assays used to assess prevalence.

Methods
The data sources for this systematic review include PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Titles, abstracts, and full texts will be reviewed for inclusion by a primary reviewer and then by a team of secondary reviewers, and data will be extracted using a pre-specified and piloted data extraction form. The review will include human cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials conducted in sub-Saharan Africa up until March 13, 2024 that have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, with no language restrictions. Prevalence will be stratified by pathogen, population, assay, and sampling methodology and presented in forest plots with estimated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. If there are enough studies within a stratum, I2 statistics will be calculated (using R statistical software), and data will be pooled if heterogeneity is low. In addition, assays used to detect infection will be evaluated. All studies included in the review will be assessed for quality and risk of bias using the JBI Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool and for certainty using the GRADE certainty ratings.

Discussion
Accurately measuring the rate of exposure to filoviruses infecting humans in sub-Saharan Africa using prevalence provides an essential understanding of natural history, transmission, and the role of subclinical infection. This systematic review will identify research gaps and provide directions for future research seeking to improve our understanding of filovirus infections. Understanding the natural history, transmission, and the role of subclinical infection is critical for predicting the impact of an intervention on disease burden.

Systematic Review Registration
In accordance with the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA-P methodology, this protocol was registered with PROSPERO on April 7, 2023 (ID: CRD42023415358).
Assessment polarity or praxis parity? Uncovering the learning-oriented assessment (LOA) landscape of novice and experienced Iranian EFL teachers
Authors: Estaji Masoomeh , Kogani Maryam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough learning-oriented assessment (LOA) has been recognized as an effective method of assessment, the literature on this concept in relation to teacher professionalism is limited. In response to this gap, the present study explored 16 Iranian novice and experienced EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices of LOA. Data were collected from self-reported practices and semi-structured interviews. Analysis of the data through MAXQDA revealed that the novice and experienced teachers’ LOA beliefs featured similarities and differences. While the novice teachers’ LOA beliefs were less sophisticated, experienced teachers highlighted a more central role for LOA in their integration of teaching and assessment. Moreover, while novice teachers preferred using self- and peer assessment, the experienced teachers used more portfolio and dynamic assessment for their LOA-related practices. The study provides implications for teachers and teacher educators to use LOA in professional development courses.
MRI-based habitat imaging in cancer treatment: current technology, applications, and challenges
Authors: Li Shaolei , Dai Yongming , Chen Jiayi , Yan Fuhua , Yang Yingli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExtensive efforts have been dedicated to exploring the impact of tumor heterogeneity on cancer treatment at both histological and genetic levels. To accurately measure intra-tumoral heterogeneity, a non-invasive imaging technique, known as habitat imaging, was developed. The technique quantifies intra-tumoral heterogeneity by dividing complex tumors into distinct sub- regions, called habitats. This article reviews the following aspects of habitat imaging in cancer treatment, with a focus on radiotherapy: (1) Habitat imaging biomarkers for assessing tumor physiology; (2) Methods for habitat generation; (3) Efforts to combine radiomics, another imaging quantification method, with habitat imaging; (4) Technical challenges and potential solutions related to habitat imaging; (5) Pathological validation of habitat imaging and how it can be utilized to evaluate cancer treatment by predicting treatment response including survival rate, recurrence, and pathological response as well as ongoing open clinical trials.
Subtraction of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in radioembolization: a comparison of four methods
Authors: Kerckhaert Camiel E. M. , de Jong Hugo W. A. M. , Meddens Marjolein B. M. , van Rooij Rob , Smits Maarten L. J. , Rakvongthai Yothin , Dietze Martijn M. A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Subtraction of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images has a number of clinical applications in e.g. foci localization in ictal/inter-ictal SPECT and defect detection in rest/stress cardiac SPECT. In this work, we investigated the technical performance of SPECT subtraction for the purpose of quantifying the effect of a vasoconstricting drug (angiotensin-II, or AT2) on the Tc-99m-MAA liver distribution in hepatic radioembolization using an innovative interventional hybrid C-arm scanner. Given that subtraction of SPECT images is challenging due to high noise levels and poor resolution, we compared four methods to obtain a difference image in terms of image quality and quantitative accuracy. These methods included (i) image subtraction: subtraction of independently reconstructed SPECT images, (ii) projection subtraction: reconstruction of a SPECT image from subtracted projections, (iii) projection addition: reconstruction by addition of projections as a background term during the iterative reconstruction, and (iv) image addition: simultaneous reconstruction of the difference image and the subtracted image.

Results
Digital simulations (XCAT) and phantom studies (NEMA-IQ and anthropomorphic torso) showed that all four methods were able to generate difference images but their performance on specific metrics varied substantially. Image subtraction had the best quantitative performance (activity recovery coefficient) but had the worst visual quality (contrast-to-noise ratio) due to high noise levels. Projection subtraction showed a slightly better visual quality than image subtraction, but also a slightly worse quantitative accuracy. Projection addition had a substantial bias in its quantitative accuracy which increased with less counts in the projections. Image addition resulted in the best visual image quality but had a quantitative bias when the two images to subtract contained opposing features.

Conclusion
All four investigated methods of SPECT subtraction demonstrated the capacity to generate a feasible difference image from two SPECT images. Image subtraction is recommended when the user is only interested in quantitative values, whereas image addition is recommended when the user requires the best visual image quality. Since quantitative accuracy is most important for the dosimetric investigation of AT2 in radioembolization, we recommend using the image subtraction method for this purpose.
Right upper lobectomy for lung cancer associated with a displaced anomalous bronchus: two case reports
Authors: Iijima Yoshihito , Mizoguchi Takaki , Ishikawa Masahito , Iwai Shun , Motono Nozomu , Uramoto Hidetaka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Bronchial bifurcation abnormalities are often discovered incidentally on chest computed tomography or bronchoscopy. As this condition is asymptomatic, it has little effect on the disease course of patients with lung cancer. However, this abnormality must be considered when performing lung resection.

Case presentation
Patient 1 was a 73-year-old man with suspected simultaneous triple lung cancers [cT1c (3) N0M0, Stage IA3] in the right and left upper lobes. He was initially scheduled to undergo right upper lobectomy and systematic nodal dissection. Chest computed tomography revealed a displaced B3 that arose from the right middle lobe bronchus. V1+2 was transected first, followed by the superior truncus of the pulmonary artery, and B1+2, respectively. After the branches of V3 were ligated, B3 was identified smoothly. Finally, the incomplete interlobar fissure between the upper and middle lobes was separated using an auto-stapler. No vascular abnormalities were observed. Patient 2 was a 62-year-old woman with suspected lung cancer (cT1cN0M0, Stage IA3) in the right upper lobe, and was scheduled to undergo right upper lobectomy and lobe-specific nodal dissection. Chest computed tomography revealed a right top pulmonary vein and a displaced B1 that arose from the right main bronchus independently. Because V1+3 was resected simultaneously during upper and middle lobe resection during robot-assisted thoracic surgery, the procedure was cool-converted to video-assisted thoracic surgery. An independently A1 was observed, followed by A2b and A3, which branched off as a common stem. A right top pulmonary vein was smoothly detected. Each blood vessel was transected using an auto-stapler. B2+3 was transected first using an auto-stapler, followed by B1.

Conclusions
The displaced anomalous bronchus is often accompanied by pulmonary arterial or venous abnormalities and an incomplete interlobar fissure. A “hilum first, fissure last” technique is often useful. Preoperative evaluation and surgical planning are important.
‘Having skin in the game’: guiding principles for incorporating moulage into OSCEs
Authors: Korimbocus Bilal , Wilson Helen , McGuckin Aine , Gormley Gerard J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Dermatological conditions are a common reason for patients to seek healthcare advice. However, they are often under-represented in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs). Given the visual nature of skin conditions, simulation is suited to recreate such skin conditions in assessments such as OSCEs. One such technique often used in simulation is moulage—the art and science of using special effects make-up techniques to replicate a wide range of conditions on Simulated Participants or manikins. However, the contextual nature of OSCEs places additional challenges compared to using moulage in more general forms of simulated-based education.

Main body
OSCEs are high-stakes assessments and require standardisation across multiple OSCE circuits. In addition, OSCEs tend to have large numbers of candidates, so moulage needs to be durable in this context. Given the need to expand the use of moulage in OSCE stations and the unique challenges that occur in OSCEs, there is a requirement to have guiding principles to inform their use and development.

Conclusion
Informed by evidence, and grounded in experience, this article aims to provide practical tips for health profession education faculty on how best to optimise the use of moulage in OSCEs. We will describe the process of designing an OSCE station, with a focus on including moulage. Secondly, we will provide a series of important practice points to use moulage in OSCEs—and encourage readers to integrate them into their day-to-day practice.
Scalability study on [133La]LaCl3 production with a focus on potential clinical applications
Authors: Brühlmann Santiago Andrés , Walther Martin , Blei Magdalena Kerstin , Mamat Constantin , Kopka Klaus , Freudenberg Robert , Kreller Martin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, targeted alpha therapy has gained importance in the clinics, and in particular, the alpha-emitter 225Ac plays a fundamental role in this clinical development. Nevertheless, depending on the chelating system no real diagnostic alternative has been established which shares similar chemical properties with this alpha-emitting radionuclide. In fact, the race to launch a diagnostic radionuclide to form a matched pair with 225Ac is still open, and 133La features attractive radiation properties to claim this place. However, in order to enable its translation into clinical use, upscaling of the production of this PET radionuclide is needed.

Results
A study on optimal irradiation parameters, separation conditions and an exhaustive product characterization was carried out. In this framework, a proton irradiation of 2 h, 60 µA and 18.7 MeV produced 133La activities of up to 10.7 GBq at end of bombardment. In addition, the performance of four different chromatographic resins were tested and two optimized purification methods presented, taking approximately 20 min with a 133La recovery efficiencies of over 98%, decay corrected. High radionuclide purity and apparent molar activity was proved, of over 99.5% and 120 GBq/µmol, respectively, at end of purification. Furthermore, quantitative complexation of PSMA-617 and mcp-M-PSMA were obtained with molar activities up to 80 GBq/µmol. In addition, both 133La-radioconjugates offered high stability in serum, of over (98.5 ± 0.3)% and (99.20 ± 0.08)%, respectively, for up to 24 h. A first dosimetry estimation was also performed and it was calculated that an 133La application for imaging with between 350 and 750 MBq would only have an effective dose of 2.1–4.4 mSv, which is comparable to that of 18F and 68Ga based radiopharmaceuticals.

Conclusions
In this article we present an overarching study on 133La production, from the radiation parameters optimization to a clinical dose estimation. Lanthanum-133 activities in the GBq range could be produced, formulated as [133La]LaCl3 with high quality regarding radiolabeling and radionuclide purity. We believe that increasing the 133La availability will further promote the development of radiopharmaceuticals based on macropa or other chelators suitable for 225Ac.

Graphical abstract
Understanding college students’ test anxiety in asynchronous online courses: the mediating role of emotional engagement
Authors: Lu Kaili , Zhu Jianrong , Pang Feng , Liu Zhi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhile test anxiety is a problem in asynchronous online courses, few studies have systematically investigated learning factors influencing test anxiety in asynchronous online courses. Additionally, emotional engagement has been identified as a mediator between learning factors and test anxiety. Therefore, this study clarified the mediating role of emotional engagement between learning factors (i.e., self-efficacy, instructor-learner interaction, learner-learner interaction, perceived ease-of-use, and perceived usefulness) and test anxiety in college-level asynchronous online courses. Overall, 316 college students participated in this study. Structural equation modeling analysis examined the relationships between learning factors and test anxiety. Self-efficacy, instructor-learner interaction, and perceived ease of use had direct and significant negative influences on test anxiety. Self-efficacy, instructor-learner interaction, learner-learner interaction and perceived usefulness had indirect negative effects on test anxiety mediated by emotional engagement. The current findings indicated that instructors should consider self-efficacy, instructor-learner interaction, learner-learner interaction, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness when designing and conducting asynchronous online courses to reduce college students’ test anxiety.
Validity, reliability, responsiveness, and clinically meaningful change threshold estimates of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer Symptom Index (NFBSI-16)
Authors: Clarke Nathan A. , Wong Brendon , Lawrance Rachael , Ingelgård Anders , Griebsch Ingolf , Cella David , Trigg Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Patient-reported outcome measures are used to evaluate patients’ health-related quality of life in clinical breast cancer studies. This study evaluated the structure, validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer Symptom Index (NFBSI-16) subscales in a clinical trial featuring patients with advanced/metastatic breast cancer (aBC), and estimated NFBSI-16 meaningful change thresholds.

Methods
Data from 101 patients with aBC enrolled in a phase II trial (Xenera-1) were included for psychometric evaluation of the NFBSI-16. Subscale structure was evaluated by assessing inter-item correlations, item-total correlations, and internal consistency (cycles 2 and 5). Validity was assessed using scale-level convergent validity (cycles 2 and 5) and known-groups (Baseline). Reliability was analysed via test-retest at cycles 3–4, and responsiveness to improvement and worsening was evaluated at cycles 5, 7, and 9. Meaningful change thresholds were estimated using anchor-based methods (supported by distribution-based methods) at cycles 5, 7, and 9.

Results
NFBSI-16 internal consistency was acceptable, but item-total correlations suggested that its subscales and the GP5 item (side-effect of treatment) scores may be preferred over a total score. Convergent and known-groups evidence supported NFBSI-16 validity. Test-retest reliability was good to excellent for Total and DRS-P (disease-related symptoms: physical) scales, and moderate for the GP5 item. Responsiveness to worsening was generally demonstrated, but responsiveness to improvement could not be demonstrated due to limited observed improvement. Anchor-based meaningful change thresholds were estimated for DRS-P and Total scores.

Conclusion
This study provides evidence that the NFBSI-16 has desirable psychometric properties for use in clinical studies in aBC. It also provides estimates of group- and individual-level meaningful change thresholds to facilitate score interpretation in future aBC research.
Benefits of a Juvenile Arthritis Support Program (JASP-1) for children recently diagnosed with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and their parents
Authors: Mördrup Karina , Jungner Johanna Granhagen , Broström Eva , Palmblad Karin , Bartholdson Cecilia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Medical treatment for children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) has improved radically since the development of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. However, children suffer from pain and anxiety, and parents often experience loneliness and lack of support. Some parents reported that information provided at the time their child was diagnosed could be difficult to assimilate. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a Juvenile Arthritis Support Program (JASP-1) for children recently diagnosed with JIA and their parents. Moreover, the aim was to explore patients´ and parents´ experiences with JASP-1 and its potential impact on patients´ physical health.

Methods
JASP-1 included seven patient- and family-centered clinical visit from time of diagnose and one year ahead. Data were collected from a study-specific questionnaire answered by children and their parents after participation in JASP-1 and from the pediatric rheumatology register. The study-specific questionnaire explored participants´ experience with the care they received during their first year with JIA. Registry and questionnaire data from the intervention (JASP-1) group was compared to a control group.

Results
The analysis revealed that children and parents who completed JASP-1 were more satisfied with the care they had received during their first year with JIA than the control group. The results also showed that children who completed JASP-1 were assessed as having better overall health after 12 months, than children in the control group (JASP-1 = mean 4.33, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 4.17 − 4.46), (Control = mean 3.68, 95% CI 3.29 − 4.06), (p = 0.002). Moreover, children in the JASP-1 group had less disease impact on daily life (JASP-1 = mean 0.15, 95% CI 0.07 − 0.24) (Control = mean 0.40, 95% CI 0.13 − 0.67), (p = 0.017) and less active joints than the control group (JASP-1 = mean 0.62, 95% CI 0.35 − 1.58), (Control = mean 0.87, 95% CI 0.18 − 1.56), (p = 0.054).

Conclusion
A support program like JASP-1 could be an effective way of not only supporting children newly diagnosed with JIA and their parents psychologically but may also increase children’s overall physical health and improve quality of care within pediatric rheumatology.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, the 13th of February with ID NCT06284616.
Optical steelyard: high-resolution and wide-range refractive index sensing by synergizing Fabry–Perot interferometer with metafibers
Authors: Zhang Lei , Shang Xinggang , Cao Simin , Jia Qiannan , Wang Jiyong , Yan Wei , Qiu Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRefractive index (RI) sensors play an important role in various applications including biomedical analysis and food processing industries. However, developing RI sensors with both high resolution and wide linear range remains a great challenge due to the tradeoff between quality (Q) factor and free spectral range (FSR) of resonance mode. Herein, the optical steelyard principle is presented to address this challenge by synergizing resonances from the Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity and metasurface, integrated in a hybrid configuration form on the end facet of optical fibers. Specifically, the FP resonance acting like the scale beam, offers high resolution while the plasmonic resonance acting like the weight, provides a wide linear range. Featuring asymmetric Fano spectrum due to modal coupling between these two resonances, a high Q value (~ 3829 in liquid) and a sensing resolution (figure of merit) of 2664 RIU−1 are experimentally demonstrated. Meanwhile, a wide RI sensing range (1.330–1.430 in the simulation and 1.3403–1.3757 in the experiment) is realized, corresponding to a spectral shift across several FSRs (four and two FSRs in the simulation and experiment, respectively). The proposed steelyard RI sensing strategy is promising in versatile monitoring applications, e.g., water salinity/turbidity and biomedical reaction process, and could be extended to other types of sensors calling for both high resolution and wide linear range.