bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extra-long interglacial in Northern Hemisphere during MISs 15-13 arising from limited extent of Arctic ice sheets in glacial MIS 14
Authors: Hao Qingzhen , Wang Luo , Oldfield Frank , Guo Zhengtang 
Published: July 2015

AbstractKnowledge of the behavior of Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheets over the past million years is crucial for understanding the role of orbitally driven insolation changes on glacial/interglacial cycles. Here, based on the demonstrable link between changes in Chinese loess grain-size and NH ice-sheet extent, we use loess grain-size records to confirm that northern ice-sheets were restricted during marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 14. Thus, an unusually long NH interglacial climate of over 100 kyr persisted during MISs 15−13, much longer than expected from marine oxygen isotope records. Taking a global view of the paleoclimate records, MIS 14 inception seems to be a response to changes in Antarctic ice-sheets rather than to NH cooling. Orbital configuration in the two Polar regions shows that the onset of MIS 14 was forced by austral insolation changes, rather than by boreal summer insolation, as Milankovitch theory proposes. Our analysis of MIS 14 raises the possibility that southern insolation forcing may have played an important role in the inception of several other glacials. We suggest that the extra-long NH interglacial climate during MISs 15−13 provided favorable conditions for the second major dispersal episode of African hominins into Eurasia.
Landau levels and magneto-transport property of monolayer phosphorene
Authors: Zhou X. Y. , Zhang R. , Sun J. P. , Zou Y. L. , Zhang D. , Lou W. K. , Cheng F. , Zhou G. H. , Zhai F. , Chang Kai 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe investigate theoretically the Landau levels (LLs) and magneto-transport properties of phosphorene under a perpendicular magnetic field within the framework of the effective k·p Hamiltonian and tight-binding (TB) model. At low field regime, we find that the LLs linearly depend both on the LL index n and magnetic field B, which is similar with that of conventional semiconductor two-dimensional electron gas. The Landau splittings of conduction and valence band are different and the wavefunctions corresponding to the LLs are strongly anisotropic due to the different anisotropic effective masses. An analytical expression for the LLs in low energy regime is obtained via solving the decoupled Hamiltonian, which agrees well with the numerical calculations. At high magnetic regime, a self-similar Hofstadter butterfly (HB) spectrum is obtained by using the TB model. The HB spectrum is consistent with the LL fan calculated from the effective k·p theory in a wide regime of magnetic fields. We find the LLs of phosphorene nanoribbon depend strongly on the ribbon orientation due to the anisotropic hopping parameters. The Hall and the longitudinal conductances (resistances) clearly reveal the structure of LLs.
How Age, Linguistic Status, and the Nature of the Auditory Scene Alter the Manner in Which Listening Comprehension Is Achieved in Multitalker Conversations
Authors: Avivi-Reich Meital , Jakubczyk Agnes , Daneman Meredyth , Schneider Bruce A. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
We investigated how age and linguistic status affected listeners' ability to follow and comprehend 3-talker conversations, and the extent to which individual differences in language proficiency predict speech comprehension under difficult listening conditions.

Method
Younger and older L1s as well as young L2s listened to 3-talker conversations, with or without spatial separation between talkers, in either quiet or against moderate or high 12-talker babble background, and were asked to answer questions regarding their contents.

Results
After compensating for individual differences in speech recognition, no significant differences in conversation comprehension were found among the groups. As expected, conversation comprehension decreased as babble level increased. Individual differences in reading comprehension skill contributed positively to performance in younger EL1s and in young EL2s to a lesser degree but not in older EL1s. Vocabulary knowledge was significantly and positively related to performance only at the intermediate babble level.

Conclusion
The results indicate that the manner in which spoken language comprehension is achieved is modulated by the listeners' age and linguistic status.
High‐performance dual‐channel InGaAs MOSFET for small signal RF applications
Authors: Adhikari M.S. , Singh Y. 
Published: July 2015

An indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) dual‐channel metal–oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor (DCMOSFET) for high‐frequency small signal applications is proposed. The gate electrode of the proposed device is placed in a trench to create two n‐channels in the p‐base. The simultaneous conduction of two channels provides significant improvement in all the performance parameters. Two‐dimensional (2D) simulations are performed to evaluate and compare the performance of the DCMOSFET with that of the conventional MOSFET. At 60 nm gate length, the proposed device provides 92% higher drain current, nearly two times improvement in peak transconductance, 50% increase in cutoff frequency and 74% higher maximum frequency of oscillation with better control over the short channel effects as compared with the conventional device.
Inductor‐link open H‐bridge topology‐based ZCS‐PWM bidirectional dc–dc converter with edge‐resonant switching cells
Authors: Mishima T. , Masuda S. , Nakaoka M. 
Published: July 2015

A novel zero current soft‐switching (ZCS) pulse‐width modulation (PWM) bidirectional dc–dc converter (BDC) with non‐inverting polarity multi‐mode voltage regulations is presented. In the proposed BDC, all the power devices commutate in ZCS with the aid of single‐auxiliary switch‐based edge‐resonant cells; accordingly the switching power losses can be minimised. The effectiveness of the proposed BDC and its steady‐state characteristics are verified in experiments with a 500 W–50 kHz prototype.
Survival of planets around shrinking stellar binaries
Authors: Muñoz Diego J. , Lai Dong 
Published: July 2015

Significance
The detection of planets around binary stars (sometimes called “Tatooine planets”) in the last few years signified a major discovery in astronomy and posed a significant challenge to our understanding of planet formation. So far, the discovered circumbinary planets orbit relatively wide stellar binaries (with binary orbital period greater than 7 d) and have their orbital axes aligned with the binary axes. The theoretical/numerical work reported in this paper suggests that there may be a new population of circumbinary planets, which orbit around more-compact binaries (with periods less than a few days) and have their orbital axes misaligned with the binary axes. Current observational strategy inevitably misses this population of Tatooine planets, but future observations may reveal their existence.
The acquisition of dative alternation by German-English bilingual and English monolingual children
Authors: Woods Rebecca 
Published: July 2015

The vulnerability of the syntax–semantics interface in simultaneous bilingual first language acquisition is still up for debate; while some scholars have found crosslinguistic transfer at this interface, others found no such influence. To determine which kinds of syntax–semantics interface phenomena may be vulnerable, this study examines the acquisition and use of dative alternation by German-English bilingual children and adults compared with English monolingual children and German and English monolingual adults.The study shows that bilingual children interpret and comprehend dative constructions in English like their monolingual peers but their production of dative constructions in German is influenced by English. This suggests that syntax–semantics interface phenomena relating to the representation of verbs’ objects are vulnerable to influence. However, bilingual adults perform like monolinguals in both languages. These results suggest that any indeterminacy in the use of dative alternation in the adult state is due to L1 attrition rather than incomplete L1 acquisition.
Demographic Risk Factors for Alcohol-Related Aggression In and Around Licensed Venues
Authors: Zinkiewicz Lucy , Curtis Ashlee , Meurer Hannah , Miller Peter 
Published: July 2015

Aims
Few studies have examined the role of gender and both area-level and individual socio-economic status (SES) as independent predictors of alcohol-related aggression (ARA) in and around licensed venues.

Methods
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between gender, area-level SES and individual SES (operationalised as occupational category) and ARA in and around licensed venues. The sample comprised 697 men and 649 women aged 16–47, who completed a patron intercept survey as part of a larger study assessing trends in harm and stakeholders' views surrounding local community level interventions in dealing with alcohol-related problems in the night-time economy.

Results
Binary logistic regression analyses showed that age, gender, occupational category, area-level SES and level of intoxication at time of interview were all significant predictors of involvement in ARA. Being male doubled the odds of involvement in ARA, while age was a protective factor. Blue collar workers had more than double the odds of ARA involvement of professionals, while those living in the most socio-economically disadvantaged areas were over twice as likely to report experiencing ARA compared to those living in the most advantaged areas. However, assessment of the predictive model by gender revealed that effects of age, occupational category and area-level SES were restricted to male participants, with greater intoxication no longer predictive.

Conclusions
ARA among patrons was significantly more likely to occur among men, those in blue collar occupations, and individuals living in low SES areas, suggesting both individual and area-level disadvantage may play a role in ARA.
Engaging adolescents in a computer-based weight management program: avatars and virtual coaches could help
Authors: LeRouge Cynthia , Dickhut Kathryn , Lisetti Christine , Sangameswaran Savitha , Malasanos Toree 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjective This research focuses on the potential ability of animated avatars (a digital representation of the user) and virtual agents (a digital representation of a coach, buddy, or teacher) to deliver computer-based interventions for adolescents’ chronic weight management. An exploration of the acceptance and desire of teens to interact with avatars and virtual agents for self-management and behavioral modification was undertaken.Materials and Methods The utilized approach was inspired by community-based participatory research. Data was collected from 2 phases: Phase 1) focus groups with teens, provider interviews, parent interviews; and Phase 2) mid-range prototype assessment by teens and providers.Results Data from all stakeholder groups expressed great interest in avatars and virtual agents assisting self-management efforts. Adolescents felt the avatars and virtual agents could: 1) reinforce guidance and support, 2) fit within their lifestyle, and 3) help set future goals, particularly after witnessing the effect of their current behavior(s) on the projected physical appearance (external and internal organs) of avatars. Teens wanted 2 virtual characters: a virtual agent to act as a coach or teacher and an avatar (extension of themselves) to serve as a “buddy” for empathic support and guidance and as a surrogate for rewards. Preferred modalities for use include both mobile devices to accommodate access and desktop to accommodate preferences for maximum screen real estate to support virtualization of functions that are more contemplative and complex (e.g., goal setting). Adolescents expressed a desire for limited co-user access, which they could regulate. Data revealed certain barriers and facilitators that could affect adoption and use.Discussion The current study extends the support of teens, parents, and providers for adding avatars or virtual agents to traditional computer-based interactions. Data supports the desire for a personal relationship with a virtual character in support of previous studies. The study provides a foundation for further work in the area of avatar-driven motivational interviewing.Conclusions This study provides evidence supporting the use of avatars and virtual agents, designed using participatory approaches, to be included in the continuum of care. Increased probability of engagement and long-term retention of overweight, obese adolescent users and suggests expanding current chronic care models toward more comprehensive, socio-technical representations.
Coalescent models for developmental biology and the spatio-temporal dynamics of growing tissues
Authors: Smadbeck Patrick , Stumpf Michael PH 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDevelopment is a process that needs to tightly coordinated in both space and time. Cell tracking and lineage tracing have become important experimental techniques in developmental biology and allow us to map the fate of cells and their progeny in both space and time. A generic feature of developing (as well as homeostatic) tissues that these analyses have revealed is that relatively few cells give rise to the bulk of the cells in a tissue; the lineages of most cells come to an end fairly quickly. This has spurned the interest also of computational and theoretical biologists/physicists who have developed a range of modelling – perhaps most notably are the agent-based modelling (ABM) — approaches. These can become computationally prohibitively expensive but seem to capture some of the features observed in experiments. Here we develop a complementary perspective that allows us to understand the dynamics leading to the formation of a tissue (or colony of cells). Borrowing from the rich population genetics literature we develop genealogical models of tissue development that trace the ancestry of cells in a tissue back to their most recent common ancestors. We apply this approach to tissues that grow under confined conditions — as would, for example, be appropriate for the neural crest — and unbounded growth — illustrative of the behaviour of 2D tumours or bacterial colonies. The classical coalescent model from population genetics is readily adapted to capture tissue genealogies for different models of tissue growth and development. We show that simple but universal scaling relationships allow us to establish relationships between the coalescent and different fractal growth models that have been extensively studied in many different contexts, including developmental biology. Using our genealogical perspective we are able to study the statistical properties of the processes that give rise to tissues of cells, without the need for large-scale simulations.
ALLISCO: pricing multiple joint products
Authors: Singh Gaganpreet , Pandey Neeraj 
Published: July 2015

Subjectarea
Pricing, Marketing Management, Strategic Marketing, Strategic Management.

Studylevel/applicability
The case can be used for a Pricing Course and Strategic Marketing, Marketing Management and Strategic Management courses delivered to post-graduate management programme (Master’s level) students and/or for Management Development Programme’s.

Caseoverview
Alliance Intercontinental Sourcing Company LLP (ALLISCO) manufactured Steel Blanks for clutch plates used in two- and three-wheeler automobiles. Steel Blank plates further underwent a processing phase which included coating with leather cover to form the finished clutch plate. The primary raw material used by ALLISCO for its manufacturing process was sheet metal. The processing of the principal raw material resulted in the production of three joint products. The first joint product was “Steel Blank”, the main product; the second joint product was “Inner Circle”, which may be classified as a by-product; the third joint product was the left-over waste material and could be categorized as sheet scrap. The approximate increase in procurement cost of 8 per cent had considerably impacted the firm’s profit margins. The dilemma that Rishabh Singla, Managing Partner, ALLISCO, now faced was how the increased differential could be distributed systematically among the three joint products. The challenge for ALLISCO was to preserve the percentage of gross profit margins by altering its existing pricing strategy.

Expectedlearning outcomes
Understand the concept of multiple joint products; learn about choosing appropriate pricing strategies to price multiple joint products; comprehend how value-based pricing can extract untapped profits; and understand the importance of retaining gross profit margins (%).

Supplementarymaterials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Great expectations in academia: realistic job previews on jobs and work-family balance
Authors: O'Brien Katharine Ridgway , Hebl Michelle R 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– This study aims to foster work-family balance goals by evaluating the utility of two types of video-based realistic job previews on creating accurate expectations among future academics.

Design/methodology/approach
– The first realistic job preview divulged information specific to jobs in academia. The second divulged work-family balance information specific to academia. Participants viewed one of the two realistic job preview conditions or a third control condition in which they did not watch a realistic job preview. Participants then indicated their knowledge about job and work-family characteristics in academia and their changing expectations.

Findings
– Results supported both types of realistic job previews as a way to communicate information about academia, and individuals also expressed changing their own expectations as a result of viewing the realistic job previews.

Originality/value
– This study implemented a classic tool – the realistic job preview – to communicate work-family balance information in a new and dynamic way.
Gender equality in the accounting profession: one size fits all
Authors: Flynn Antoinette , Earlie Emily Kate , Cross Christine 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– This study aims to examine both male and female accountants’ perceptions of female career progression in the Accounting Profession in Ireland. This study is set in the context of a steady rise in the total proportion of female members across the seven accountancy bodies worldwide and the recent acknowledged failure of larger accountancy firms to promote women to senior levels in equal measure compared to male colleagues.Design/methodology/approach– A quantitative study (with a qualitative component) was undertaken to gather the opinions and perceptions of Irish accounting professionals on their career progression, gender-related barriers and obstacles, the “glass ceiling”, networking and flexible work arrangements. The sample of respondents reflected the diversity of accounting disciplines and gender divide in the wider population.Findings– Evidence of a divergence between the perception and the reality of the lived experience of female accountants, across the gender divide, was found. While respondents believe they have not experienced gender-related barriers in their career progression, it is clear that both genders believe that women succeed in this profession by adapting to masculine occupational values and norms.Originality/value– These findings contribute to the extant literature on career progression of women and augment the female management and career development literature. The inclusion of the perception and comparison of male colleagues is of particular interest.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus That Emerged in China
Authors: Zhou Feng , Zhao Jun , Chen Lu , Chang Hong-tao , Li Yong-tao , Liu Hong-ying , Wang Chuan-qing , Yang Xia 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
A novel porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain with 393 nucleotide deletions in the nonstructural protein 2 (Nsp2) region was examined in this study. Results will help improve our understanding of the epidemiology and genetic diversity of the North American-type PRRSV in China.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces incarnatus
NRRL8089, which Produces the Nucleoside Antibiotic Sinefungin
Authors: Oshima Kenshiro , Hattori Masahira , Shimizu Hitomi , Fukuda Koji , Nemoto Michiko , Inagaki Kenji , Tamura Takashi 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

A draft genome sequence of
Streptomyces incarnatus
NRRL8089, which produces the nucleoside antibiotic sinefungin, is described here. The genome contains 8,897,465 bp in 76 contigs and 8,266 predicted genes. Interestingly, the genome encodes an open reading frame for selenocysteine-containing formate dehydrogenase-O and the selenoprotein biosynthetic gene cluster
selABCD
.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of
Serratia
sp. Strain TEL, Associated with
Oscheius
sp. TEL-2014 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) Isolated from a Grassland in South Africa
Authors: Lephoto Tiisetso E. , Featherston Jonathan , Gray Vincent M. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report on the draft genome sequence of
Serratia
sp. strain TEL, associated with
Oscheius
sp. TEL-2014 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae, KM492926) isolated from a grassland in Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve near Johannesburg in South Africa.
Serratia
sp. strain TEL has a genome size of 5,000,541 bp with 4,647 genes and a G+C content of 59.1%.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Carbofuran-Mineralizing
Novosphingobium
sp. Strain KN65.2
Authors: Nguyen Thi Phi Oanh , De Mot René , Springael Dirk 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Complete mineralization of the
N
-methylcarbamate insecticide carbofuran, including mineralization of the aromatic moiety, appears to be confined to sphingomonad isolates. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of such a sphingomonad strain, i.e.,
Novosphingobium
sp. KN65.2, isolated from carbofuran-exposed agricultural soil in Vietnam.
Draft Genome Sequence of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.
nebraskensis
Strain DOAB 397, Isolated from an Infected Field Corn Plant in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Tambong James Tabi , Xu Renlin , Adam Zaky , Cott Morgan , Rose Karin , Reid Lana M. , Daayf Fouad , Brière Stephan , Bilodeau Guillaume J. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

In 2014, the pathogen
Clavibacter michiganensis
subsp.
nebraskensis
was isolated from symptomatic corn leaves in Manitoba, Canada. We report the draft genome sequence of
C. michiganensis
subsp.
nebraskensis
DOAB 397, consisting of 3.059 Mb with 73.0% G+C content, 2,922 predicted protein-coding sequences, 45 tRNAs, 3 rRNAs, and 37 pseudogenes.