bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LRP1 Downregulates the Alzheimer’s β-Secretase BACE1 by Modulating Its Intraneuronal Trafficking
Authors: Tanokashira Daisuke , Motoki Kazumi , Minegishi Seiji , Hosaka Ai , Mamada Naomi , Tamaoka Akira , Okada Takashi , Lakshmana Madepalli K. , Araki Wataru 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe β-secretase called BACE1 is a membrane-associated protease that initiates the generation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ), a key event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the mechanism of intraneuronal regulation of BACE1 is poorly understood. Here, we present evidence that low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), a multi-functional receptor, has a previously unrecognized function to regulate BACE1 in neurons. We show that deficiency of LRP1 exerts promotive effects on the protein expression and function of BACE1, whereas expression of LRP-L4, a functional LRP1 mini-receptor, specifically decreases BACE1 levels in both human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells and rat primary neurons, leading to reduced Aβ production. Our subsequent analyses further demonstrate that (1) both endogenous and exogenous BACE1 and LRP1 interact with each other and are colocalized in soma and neurites of primary neurons, (2) LRP1 reduces the protein stability and cell-surface expression of BACE1, and (3) LRP1 facilitates the shift in intracellular localization of BACE1 from early to late endosomes, thereby promoting lysosomal degradation. These findings establish that LRP1 specifically downregulates BACE1 by modulating its intraneuronal trafficking and stability through protein interaction and highlight LRP1 as a potential therapeutic target in AD.
Conditional Inhibition of Adult Neurogenesis by Inducible and Targeted Deletion of ERK5 MAP Kinase Is Not Associated with Anxiety/Depression-Like Behaviors
Authors: Zou Junhui , Wang Wenbin , Pan Yung-Wei , Abel Glen M. , Storm Daniel R. , Xia Zhengui 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAlthough there is evidence that adult neurogenesis contributes to the therapeutic efficacy of chronic antidepressant treatment for anxiety and depression disorders, the role of adult neurogenesis in the onset of depression-related symptoms is still open to question. To address this issue, we utilized a transgenic mouse strain in which adult neurogenesis was specifically and conditionally impaired by Nestin-CreER-driven, inducible knockout (icKO) oferk5MAP kinase in Nestin-expressing neural progenitors of the adult mouse brain upon tamoxifen administration. Here, we report that inhibition of adult neurogenesis by this mechanism is not associated with an increase of the baseline anxiety or depression in non-stressed animals, nor does it increase the animal’s susceptibility to depression after chronic unpredictable stress treatment. Our findings indicate that impaired adult neurogenesis does not lead to anxiety or depression.
Establishing Some Measures of Absolute and Relative Reliability of a Motor Test / Određivanje nekih mjera apsolutne i relativne pouzdanosti motoričkih testova
Authors: Šerbetar Ivan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract Relative and absolute reliability are discussed in this paper on the bases of some empirical motor data. Relative reliability was assessed via the calculation of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; Shrout & Fleiss, 1979; Nunnally & Berstein, 1994). Absolute reliability was assessed by calculating standard error of measurement (SEM), and additionally by calculating the smallest detectable change (SDC; de Veet et al., 2006a, b), a relatively new measure which originates from clinical disciplines but has an ever-growing use in other areas. Bland-Altman method (1986, 1995) for determining the limits of agreement and bias between two measurements, was also used. ICC coefficients were high with narrow limits of confidence but ICC masked some differences in trials revealed by SEM and Bland-Altman technique. As stated in Hopkins (2000), and Atkinson and Nevill (1998), more than one measure of reliability should be provided in reliability studies.Key words: Bland-Altman limits of agreement; intraclass correlation; reliability of the measurement, smallest detectable change (SDC); standard error of the measurement (SEM). --- SažetakRad u kojem se raspravlja o relativnoj i apsolutnoj pouzdanosti utemeljen je na empirijskim motoričkim podacima. Relativna pouzdanost određena je izračunavanjem koeficijenata intraklas korelacije (ICC; Shrout i Fleiss, 1979; Nunnally i Berstein, 1994). Određivanje apsolutne pouzdanosti izvedeno je izračunavanjem standardne pogreške mjerenja (SEM) i dodatno izračunavanjem najmanjih uočljivih promjena (smallest detectable change; SDC; de Veet i sur., 2006a,b), relativno nove mjere koja potječe iz kliničkih disciplina, a sve veću primjenu nalazi i u drugim područjima. U radu je upotrijebljen i Bland-Altmanova metoda (1986, 1995) određivanja razina slaganja (limits of agreement; LOA), odnosno biasa između dva mjerenja. Dobiveni su visoki ICC koeficijenti i suženi limiti pouzdanosti, no ICC koeficijenti su prikrili neke razlike u ponovljenim izvedbama testa koje su uočene primjenom SEM i Bland-Altman metode. Kao što su naveli Hopkins (2000), Atkinson i Nevill (1998) u istraživanjima pouzdanosti treba primijeniti više mjera. Ključne riječi: Bland-Altmanove razine slaganja (LOA); intraklas korelacija; najmanja uočljiva promjena (SDC); pouzdanost mjerenja, standardna pogreška mjerenja (SEM)
SUVREMENO DJETINJSTVO I INSTITUCIJSKI KONTEKST
Authors: Šagud Mirjana 
Published: April 2015

U novije se vrijeme istraživanju djeteta i djetinjstva kao društvenom i kulturnom fenomenu pristupa s pozicija multidimenzionalnosti i izuzetne kompleksnosti. Djetinjstvo, nasuprot razmišljanju većine odraslih, nije izoliran, zaštićen, dobro kontroliran i predvidljiv način vođenja djeteta prema svijetu odraslih. Djetinjstvo se fokusira više na generalnu percepciju djeteta i sugerira postojanje posebne, odvojene i fundamentalno različite društvene grupe i kategorije. Status djeteta osmišljen od strane odraslih i njegov kulturološki i povijesno određeni konstrukt mijenja se i varira od njegovog definiranja fizičkom i/ili spolnom zrelošću, pravnim statusom ili dobnom pripadnošću. Koncept djeteta i djetinjstva bavi se pojedincem kojeg obično definiramo s pozicije odrasle osobe. Dvije krajnje perspektive djeteta i djetinjstva vezane uz koncept usmjeren na oblikovanje, modeliranje, izgrađivanje, poželjnu socijalizaciju ili naglašavanje koncepta prema kojem se dijete razmatra kao glavni agens djetinjstava. Institucijski predškolski kontekst sa svim svojim segmentima (kulturom, kurikulumom, materijalnim i socijalnim odrednicama) može poticati i osnaživati ili smanjivati sve one prednosti i potencijale koje djetinjstvo nosi. U tom smislu djetinjstvo ne postoji izvan društvenog konteksta, a njegova refleksivna reprezentacija dolazi do izražaja u dinamičnim odnosima i divergentno strukturiranim odgojno-obrazovnim uvjetima.
Some Specificities of Students' Satisfaction with Hospital School / Neke specifičnosti zadovoljstva učenika školom u bolnici
Authors: Filipušić Iva , Opić Siniša , Krešić Vlasta 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to explore some specificities of students' satisfaction with hospital school. A sample of 125 students who were patients in the Children's Hospital Zagreb was used for collecting data on overall satisfaction with hospital school, by using a modified version of “What do you really think of school?“ questionnaire (Galton et al., 2003). Since the original factor validity of the scale had not been confirmed, composite variables were constructed by using particles that originally make the factors of the scales. The values of the measures of central tendency indicated a high estimate of overall satisfaction with hospital schooling. Correlation analysis did not confirm the connection between the time spent in hospital and composite variables of overall satisfaction with hospital school. However, a low negative correlation was found between the age (grade) and two composite variables (satisfaction with school; r=0.330 and satisfaction with working environment; r=0.370). The tested differences between medical condition (students can move/cannot move) and the estimate of overall satisfaction with hospital schooling were not confirmed.Key words: hospital pedagogy; hospital school; students’ satisfaction ---SažetakCilj rada jest istražiti neke specifičnosti zadovoljstva školom u bolnici. Na uzorku od 125 učenika, pacijenata Klinike za dječje bolesti Zagreb, koji su uključeni u program škole u bolnici, prikupljeni su podaci o ukupnom zadovoljstvu školom u bolnici, a s pomoću modificirane verzije upitnika Što stvarno misliš o školi (Galton i sur., 2003). Budući da nije potvrđena originalna faktorska valjanost skale, konstruirane su kompozitne varijable s pomoću čestica koje originalno čine izvorne faktore skale. Iz vrijednosti mjera centralne tendencije indicira se visoka procjena ukupnog zadovoljstva školom u bolnici. U sklopu korelacijske analize nije potvrđena povezanost između vremena provedenog u bolnici i kompozitnih varijabli ukupnog zadovoljstva školom u bolnici, no potvrđena je niska negativna korelacija između dobi (razreda) i dvije kompozitne varijable (zadovoljstvo školom; r=-0,330 i zadovoljstvo radnim okružjem; r=-0,370). Testirane razlike između zdravstvenog statusa (pokretan/nepokretan) i procjene ukupna zadovoljstva školom u bolnici nisu potvrđene.Ključne riječi: bolnička pedagogija; škola u bolnici; zadovoljstvo učenika
Diagnostic Value of Plasma and Urinary 2-Hydroxyglutarate to Identify Patients With Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Mutated Glioma
Authors: Lombardi Giuseppe , Corona Giuseppe , Bellu Luisa , Puppa Alessandro Della , Pambuku Ardi , Fiduccia Pasquale , Bertorelle Roberta , Gardiman Marina Paola , D'Avella Domenico , Toffoli Giuseppe , Zagonel Vittorina 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Background.
Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2 enzymes can convert α-ketoglutarate into 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). The aim of the present study was to explore whether 2HG in plasma and urine could predict the presence of IDH1/2 mutations in patients with glioma.

Materials and Methods.
All patients had histological confirmation of glioma and a recent brain magnetic resonance imaging scan showing the neoplastic lesion. Plasma and urine samples were taken from all patients, and the 2HG concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Results.
A total of 84 patients were enrolled: 38 with R132H-IDH1 mutated and 46 with wild type. Among the 38 patients with mutant IDH1, 21 had high-grade glioma and 17 had low-grade glioma. Among the 46 patients with IDH1 wild-type glioma, 35 and 11 had high- and low-grade glioma, respectively. In all patients, we analyzed the mean 2HG concentration in the plasma, urine, and plasma/urine ratio (Ratio_2HG). We found a significant difference in the Ratio_2HG between patients with and without an IDH1 mutation (22.2 ± 8.7 vs. 15.6 ± 6.8; p &lt; .0001). The optimal cutoff value for Ratio_2HG to identify IDH1 mutation was 19 (sensitivity, 63%; specificity, 76%; accuracy, 70%). In the patients with high-grade glioma only, the optimal cutoff value was 20 (sensitivity, 76%; specificity, 89%; accuracy, 84%; positive predictive value, 80%; negative predictive value, 86%). In 7 of 7 patients with high-grade glioma, we found a correlation between the Ratio_2HG value and the response to treatment.

Conclusion.
Ratio_2HG might be a predictor of the presence of IDH1 mutation. The measurement of 2HG could be useful for disease monitoring and also to assess the treatment effects in these patients.
Cine Social e Interculturalidad: una propuesta didáctica
Authors: Cobo Piñero María Rocío 
Published: April 2015

O presente artigo expõe as possibilidades didáticas do cinema desde um ponto de vista que promove o enfoque intercultural, e centra-se no uso de curtas-metragens de tema social nos cursos de língua e cultura. A primeira parte do estudo, apresenta brevemente as distintas correntes teóricas relacionadas com o suporte visual na aula de espanhol para estrangeiros e evidencia a carência de uma análise intercultural do meio fílmico. A segunda parte, está composta pela didatização de dois curtas-metragens espanhóis do ano 2005, premiados e de bastante prestigio: Nana e Éramos Pocos. As atividades que propomos pretendem desenvolver a competência intercultural assim como a mirada crítica do alunado diante duas realidades sociais: o sexismo e a imigração.
Washout of Cr(III)-Acetate-HPAM Gels From Fractures: Effect of Gel State During Placement
Authors: Brattekås B.. , Pedersen S. G. , Nistov H. T. , Haugen Å.. , Graue A.. , Liang J. -T. , Seright R. S. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThis work investigated the blockage performance of a Cr(III)-acetate-hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) gel after placement in open fractures, with emphasis on the effect of gel maturity during placement. Polymer gel is formed through a chemical reaction between a polymer and a crosslinking agent (in a gelant solution) that occurs during the gelation time. In field applications, gelant is generally pumped from the surface, but gelation may occur during injection because of high-temperature conditions and longer pumping times; hence, partially or fully mature gel may exit the wellbore during polymer-gel injection in a fractured reservoir. Gelation alters the solution properties significantly; hence, immature gelant and fully formed (mature) polymer gel show different behavior during placement in a fractured system, and the gels deposit differently in the fracture volume. Injection of gel at different maturities in a fracture may therefore influence the ability of the gel treatment to block fractures, and hence its performance during conformance-control operations. Placement of immature and mature gels and their ability to block fractures during subsequent waterfloods were investigated in this work.Gel was placed in fractures (and in the surrounding core matrix for some application regimes) in its immature (gelant) or mature state. The gel-blockage performance was assessed by recording gel-rupture pressures and subsequent residual resistance factors during chase waterfloods. Placement of mature gel in open fractures yielded consistent rupture pressures during subsequent water injections, following linear trends for given gel-placement rates and throughput volumes. The rupture pressures were predictable and stable in all the core materials studied. Rupture pressures achieved after placement and in-situ crosslinking of immature gel (gelant) were comparable with rupture pressures achieved after mature-gel placement, but were less predictable. Placing immature gel in the adjacent matrix and in the fracture increased the resistance to gel rupture compared with placing gel in the fracture volume only. In some cores, gel did not form after placement in its immature state. Interactions between Bentheim rock material and gelant were observed, and believed to be the primary cause for lack of gelation.Significant permeability reduction was achieved during subsequent waterfloods after placement of either immature or mature gel in open fractures. Residual resistance factors for cores treated with gel and gelant were comparable initially. After significant water throughput, substantially greater pressure gradients were observed in cores treated with formed gel rather than gelant crosslinked in situ, and the permeability reduction averaged 5,000 for mature gel and 600 for gelant-treated cores.
Output-Constraint Handling and Parallelization for Oil-Reservoir Control Optimization by Means of Multiple Shooting
Authors: Codas Andrés , Foss Bjarne , Camponogara Eduardo 
Published: April 2015

Summary
We propose to formulate and solve the reservoir-control optimization problem with the direct multiple-shooting method. This method divides the optimal-control problem prediction horizon in smaller intervals that one can evaluate in parallel. Further, output constraints are easily established on each interval boundary and as such hardly affect computation time. This opens new opportunities to include state constraints on a much broader scale than is common in reservoir optimization today. However, multiple shooting deals with a large number of variables because it decides on the boundary-state variables of each interval. Therefore, we exploit the structure of the reservoir simulator to conceive a variable-reduction technique to solve the optimization problem with a reduced sequential quadratic-programming algorithm. We discuss the optimization-algorithm building blocks and focus on structure exploitation and parallelization opportunities. To demonstrate the method's capabilities to handle output constraints, the optimization algorithm is interfaced to an open-source reservoir simulator. Then, on the basis of a widely used reservoir model, we evaluate performance, especially related to output constraints. The performance of the proposed method is qualitatively compared with a conventional method.
Risks associated with preoperative anemia and perioperative blood transfusion in open surgery for intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Seicean Andreea , Alan Nima , Seicean Sinziana , Neuhauser Duncan , Selman Warren R. , Bambakidis Nicholas C. 
Published: April 2015

OBJECT
Preoperative anemia may be treated with a blood transfusion. Both are associated with adverse outcomes in various surgical procedures, but this has not been clearly elucidated in surgery for cerebral aneurysms. In this study the authors assessed the association of preoperative anemia and perioperative blood transfusion, separately, on 30-day morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing open surgery for ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

METHODS
The authors identified 668 cases (including 400 unruptured and 268 unruptured intracranial aneurysms) of open surgery for treatment of intracranial aneurysms in the 2006–2012 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, a validated and reproducible prospective clinical database. Anemia was defined as a hematocrit level less than 39% in males and less than 36% in females. Perioperative transfusion was defined as at least 1 unit of packed or whole red blood cells given at any point between the start of surgery to 72 hours postoperatively. The authors separately compared surgical outcome between patients with (n = 198) versus without (n = 470) anemia, and those who underwent (n = 78) versus those who did not receive (n = 521) a transfusion, using a 1:1 match on propensity score.

RESULTS
In the matched cohorts, all observed covariates were comparable between anemic (n = 147) versus nonanemic (n = 147) and between transfused (n = 67) versus nontransfused patients (n = 67). Anemia was independently associated with prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS; odds ratio [OR] 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–4.5), perioperative complications (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.1), and return to the operating room (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.5). Transfusion was also independently associated with perioperative complications (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.3).

CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative anemia and transfusion are each independent risk factors for perioperative complications in patients undergoing surgery for cerebral aneurysms. Perioperative anemia is also associated with prolonged hospital LOS and 30-day return to the operating room.
Intraventricular hemorrhage after ventriculoperitoneal shunt revision: a retrospective review
Authors: Calayag Mark , Paul Alexandra R. , Adamo Matthew A. 
Published: April 2015

OBJECT
The authors review their ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt revisions over a 3-year period to determine the rate of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and subsequent need for re-revision.

METHODS
Review of medical records identified 35 pediatric patients who underwent 52 VP shunt revisions between 2009 and 2012. The presence and amount of IVH as determined by CT and the time to re-revision were documented. The reason for shunting, catheter position, and time between initial VP shunt placement and subsequent revisions were also recorded.

RESULTS
After 13 (25%) of the 52 revisions, IVH was evident on postoperative CT scans. The majority of patients had a trace amount of IVH, with only 2% having IVH greater than 5 ml. After 2 (15%) of the 13 revisions associated with IVH, re-revision was required within 1 month. In contrast, the re-revision rate in patients without IVH was 18%. All of the patients who developed IVH had occipital catheters.

CONCLUSIONS
Some degree of IVH can be expected after approximately one-quarter of all VP shunt revision procedures in pediatric patients, but the rate of significant IVH is low. Furthermore, the presence of IVH does not necessitate an early shunt revision.
Circulation des concepts de l’analyse du travail dans la formation des enseignants
Authors: Rivière Véronique 
Published: April 2015

L’auteure décrit les évolutions, au cours de ces dernières années, de la formation des enseignants au contact d’un champ d’études : l’analyse du travail. Elle cherche tout d’abord à identifier les possibles origines sociales, idéologiques et scientifiques de cette circulation. Puis elle présente deux études, en sciences de l’éducation et en clinique de l’activité, permettant d’approfondir la relation entre travail et formation professionnelle. Enfin, elle analyse les apports et certaines limites de cette relation pour la formation des enseignants, sur le plan méthodologique, ingénierique et épistémologique.
Vers une conceptualisation de l’action en didactique des langues
Authors: Cicurel Francine 
Published: April 2015

L’étude cherche à montrer ce que peut produire comme éclairage sur l’action une analyse de verbalisations d’enseignants de langue, placés devant le film de leur cours. Au moment du cours, immergés dans l’action, impliqués dans la mise en œuvre d’une entreprise complexe qui est celle de s’adresser à un public donné, d’organiser les savoirs en conséquence, les enseignants « routinisent » une partie de leur action, incorporent des pratiques. Dès lors qu’on « libère » leur parole, s’y inscrivent les motifs, les dilemmes, les intentions d’agir, la perception des obstacles. Ces corpus transcrits, traces d’une action qui a eu lieu, constituent pour le chercheur un matériau très riche qui lui permet de découvrir quels sont les schèmes d’action qui s’y révèlent, les lignes de force de cette action et parfois d’en dégager des concepts. La didactique des langues se trouve alors dotée d’un nouvel apport, partant d’une « réflexion sur le faire » qui ouvre à d’autres dimensions du métier et à d’autres conceptions de la formation des professeurs.
Entre didactique professionnelle et didactique disciplinaire : le concept de la médiation didactique
Authors: Numa-Bocage Line 
Published: April 2015

La formation des enseignants est en mutation depuis quelques années. Comment former les enseignants à s’adapter aux changements institutionnels et sociétaux, tout en poursuivant leur développement professionnel de manière autonome après la formation initiale ? L’auteure étudie les dimensions de l’activité professionnelle et les effets de l’analyse sur le développement des compétences professionnelles des enseignants. L’étude est centrée sur les processus de médiation didactique en didactique professionnelle, à partir d’observations et d’entretiens, et propose un usage de ce concept dans l’analyse de l’activité de l’enseignant. Les moments étudiés concernent la gestion de débats citoyens avec des élèves de cycle 2 de l’école primaire, en vue de favoriser le développement du jugement moral et le vivre ensemble.