bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a multimodal home-based rehabilitation intervention after discharge from inpatient geriatric rehabilitation (GeRas): an early qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Roth Catharina , Maier Leonie , Abel Bastian , Roigk Patrick , Rapp Kilian , Schmidberger Oliver , Bongartz Martin , Maier Simone , Wirth Isabel , Metz Brigitte , Immel Désirée , Finger Benjamin , Schölch Sabine , Büchele Gisela , Deuster Oliver , Koenig Hans‑Helmut , Gottschalk Sophie , Dams Judith , Micol William , Bauer Jürgen M. , Wensing Michel , Benzinger Petra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Geriatric rehabilitation aims at increasing physical and social activity and maintaining the functional reserve of older people. However, the continuity of geriatric rehabilitation in the outpatient setting is limited due to a lack of structured aftercare programs. In order to overcome this, a three-month multimodal home-based intervention program (GeRas) was implemented. The aim of this early qualitative process evaluation was to assess GeRas in terms of perceived reach, effectiveness/efficacy, adoption/uptake, implementation, and maintenance/sustainability (Domains within the RE-AIM Framework) from the perspective of patients who received the intervention and healthcare providers who were involved in the delivery of the intervention.

Methods
In a qualitative process evaluation, 13 healthcare providers and 10 patients were interviewed throughout the beginning of the implementation period of GeRas to capture early experiences using a semi-structured interview guide. The interview guide and qualitative content analysis was guided by the RE-AIM Framework.

Results
The GeRas program was perceived to be largely well implemented and beneficial by healthcare providers and patients. According to healthcare providers, GeRas showed more advantages compared to usual care. Additionally, outcome expectations were mainly met (Domain 1: Effectiveness). However, the implementation of the intervention delivered via the eHealth system was perceived as challenging (Domain 2: Adoption). Nevertheless, the outpatient physical exercise, the outpatient counselling, and the continuous care after discharge improved perceived well-being regardless of the intervention type (Domain 3: Implementation). To facilitate the continued use of GeRas, technical requirements should be created to increase user-friendliness and to motivate patients to continue the training in the long term (Domain 4: Maintenance).

Conclusion
Although initial experiences with the implementation and effectiveness of GeRas were positive in general, organisational and technical issues need to be resolved to enhance sustainable and successful implementation of the GeRas program.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00029559). Registered 5/10/2022.
Gustatory receptor 11 is involved in detecting the oviposition water of Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus
Authors: Zhao Si Yu , Wu Pei Lin , Fu Jun Yu , Wu Yi Ming , Liu Hong Kai , Cai Li Jun , Gu Jin Bao , Zhou Xiao Hong , Chen Xiao-Guang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Aedes albopictus is a major arbovirus vector with small stagnant water containers being its oviposition sites. Mosquitoes search for these sites based on their olfactory cues (odor and moisture emanating from the water at the oviposition site), visual cues (size and color of the site), and gustatory cues (ion and nutrient concentration in that water). The gustatory mechanism through which mosquitoes search for oviposition sites remains unknown.

Methods
To investigate the role of taste receptors in Ae. albopictus oviposition site selection, we developed a laboratory model. This model assessed mosquito behavior in locating and detecting oviposition sites, using a location index to quantify site preference and detection time to measure response to water presence. We compared oviposition site-searching efficiency between mosquitoes with blocked and unblocked appendages, targeting the taste organs. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes between water-exposed and unexposed mosquitoes. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was then employed to generate a mutant strain with a targeted gene knockout.

Results
There was no significant difference between the blocked and unblocked groups in the location index. In contrast, the detection time of the unblocked group differed significantly from all other groups, including those with blocked foreleg tarsus, midleg tarsus, hindleg tarsus, all tibia, and all tarsus. Transcriptome sequencing analyses of water-exposed and unexposed mosquitoes revealed that the taste-related gene gustatory receptor 11(gr11) was differentially expressed. This gene was knocked out with CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate a pure mutant strain with 2- and 4-bp deletions, which exhibited a significantly longer detection time than the wild-type strain.

Conclusions
This study reveals the role of Ae. albopictus gr11 in water detection at oviposition sites, thereby providing a theoretical basis and scientific guidelines for managing the breeding sites of these mosquitoes.

Graphical Abstract
Perceptions and Expectations: A Study on Prognostic Perception and Quality of Life in Patients With Metastatic Renal and Bladder Cancer
Authors: Bolek Hatice , Arslan Cagatay , Basaran Mert , Cicin İrfan , Ozguroglu Mustafa , Tural Deniz , Ürün Yüksel 
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE Durable complete response rates for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and metastatic bladder cancer (mBC) are low despite new therapy. Palliative care focuses on life extension and quality of life (QoL), not cure. This study aims to investigate patients' perceptions of treatment outcomes in mRCC and mBC and to assess the influence of QoL and optimism levels on these perceptions. METHODS From March 15, 2023, to January 15, 2024, a multicenter, cross-sectional online survey was carried out, targeting patients diagnosed with mRCC and mBC. The survey comprised structured questions aimed at evaluating perceptions concerning disease cure, symptom improvement, daily activity performance, and life extension due to treatment. Additionally, to evaluate optimism and QoL, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 30.3 QoL questionnaire and life orientation test were implemented. Study on patients' perceptions of treatment outcomes in metastatic kidney and bladder cancer shows high optimism, inaccurate cure beliefs. RESULTS In total, 169 patients participated in the survey; the majority of the patients stated their general health status as good (72.2%) and excellent (13.6%). Patients who rated their overall health status as good-excellent had a higher median general QoL and optimism score compared with those who rated it as fair-poor. In all, 85.2% of patients considered the possibility of a cure very likely or likely. Most participants believed treatment could provide symptom relief (30.2% very likely, 49.1% likely), enhanced ability to perform daily activities (28.4% very likely, 55.6% likely), and life extension (32.5% very likely, 53.3% likely). Patients responding very likely and likely to these questions regarding treatment outcomes had higher QoL and optimism scores than those responding a little likely and not possible. CONCLUSION The majority of patients with mRCC and mBC held inaccurate beliefs about treatment outcomes. Better QoL and optimism were associated with increased inaccuracy.
Real-World Biomarker Test Ordering Practices in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Interphysician Variation and Association With Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Baron Jason M. , Widatalla Sarrah , Gubens Matthew A. , Khalil Farah 
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE Patients with metastatic or advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) need biomarker testing, including, in most cases, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and PD-L1, to identify options for targeted therapies and to optimally incorporate immune checkpoint inhibitors into therapeutic regimens. We sought to examine real-world patterns of biomarker testing, quantify interphysician practice variation, and correlate testing with clinical outcomes. METHODS We extracted real-world data from a nationwide electronic health record–derived deidentified database from 17,165 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between 2018 and 2021 and receiving care in the community setting. We analyzed data using descriptive analyses, fixed- and mixed-effects logistic regression models, and proportional hazard models. RESULTS Only 67% of all 17,165 patients and 77% of patients with nonsquamous, metastatic NSCLC had ALK, EGFR, and PD-L1 testing within 90 days of diagnosis. Later diagnosis year (2019-2021 compared with 2018) was associated with higher rates of ALK, EGFR, and PD-L1 testing; stage IIIB/C disease (compared with stage IV), squamous histology, and Black or African American race were associated with lower rates. Interphysician variation was substantial with a median odds ratio between physicians (adjusted for patient factors) of 1.78 for ALK, EGFR, and PD-L1 testing. Patients with nonsquamous, metastatic NSCLC had significantly prolonged survival if tested with all three biomarkers (median, 364 days for all three v 180 for none of the three; hazard ratio, 0.67; P < .001). CONCLUSION Rates of biomarker testing appear suboptimal with substantial interphysician variation. Testing correlates with improved survival, although causality cannot be proven from this study. Additional work is needed to address the underlying causes of suboptimal test ordering.
A Reciprocity Between Tree Ensemble Optimization and Multilinear Optimization
Authors: Kim Jongeun , Richard Jean-Philippe P. , Tawarmalani Mohit 
Published: August 2024

Capitalizing on the relationships between tree ensembles and multilinear functions Tree ensembles are machine learning models used for regression and classification that combine the predictions of multiple trees. When such trained models are embedded into optimization models in the form of constraints or objectives, a key question is that of deriving best integer programming formulations for them. In “A Reciprocity Between Tree Ensemble Optimization and Multilinear Optimization,” J. Kim, J.-P. Richard, and M. Tawarmalani establish a polynomial-size reduction between the optimization of functions expressed as tree ensembles and the optimization of multilinear functions over a Cartesian product of simplices. This bidirectional reduction permits the derivation of new stronger formulations for tree ensemble optimization problems, including ideal formulations for single trees. It also provides a new framework for the construction of polynomially-sized convex hull descriptions for certain multilinear sets, which permits the generalization of many results from the literature.
Chronic Health Conditions Among Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in a State Medicaid System
Authors: McLean Kiley J. , Bishop Lauren 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Despite a growing number of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and documented risk for adverse outcomes as they age, little is known about the health and healthcare patterns of adults with different IDD throughout adulthood. This study uses Wisconsin Medicaid claims data to characterize health conditions among adults with IDD. Results indicate high prevalence of asthma, diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. Heart disease rates were particularly high, having been observed among 39% of autistic adults, 64% of autistic adults with intellectual disability (ID), 67% of adults with Down syndrome, and 75% of adults with ID only. Given there are no known biological differences underlying increased morbidities among most people with IDD, developing inclusive prevention measures should be prioritized in future research.
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Pediatric Cardiac Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Survivors With Central Cannulation
Authors: Nakip Ozlem Saritas , Kesici Selman , Konuskan Gokcen Duzgun , Yazici Mutlu Uysal , Konuskan Bahadır , Bayrakci Benan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Extracorporeal life support, such as pediatric cardiac extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), is associated with significant mortality and morbidity risk. This study evaluated cardiac ECMO survivors with central cannulation and found that 51.1% were discharged from the hospital. The study also revealed high rates of developmental delay (82.7%), motor dysfunction (58.8%), and cognitive dysfunction (70.6%) among survivors. No significant correlation was found between the duration of ECMO, age at ECMO, pre-ECMO maximum lactate levels, and cognitive scores. Participants with motor dysfunction were significantly younger (p = 0.04). PRISM scores of those with an abnormal developmental status were significantly higher (p = 0.03). Logistic regression analysis did not show a significantly increased risk. Factors such as age, disease severity, and ECMO itself were identified as potential contributors to neurodevelopmental delay.
Preliminary efficacy of a community health worker homebased intervention for the control and management of hypertension in Kiambu County, Kenya- a randomized control trial
Authors: Mbuthia Grace Wambura , Mwangi James , Magutah Karani , Oguta James Odhiambo , Ngure Kenneth , McGarvey Stephen T. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
In Sub Saharan Africa, there is a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, which poses a big challenge to the resource-limited health system in these settings.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a community health workers (CHWs) home-based lifestyle interventions to improve blood pressure (BP) control and body composition among hypertensive patients in low-income populations of Kiambu County, Kenya.

Methods
This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 80 patients with uncontrolled high BP (systolic BP (SBP) ≥140mmHg and/or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥90) randomized to either a CHW homebased intervention or a usual care (control) arm and followed up for 6 months. The intervention involved monthly CHW home-visits for health education and audits on behavioral risk factors that affect BP. An adapted WHO stepwise questionnaire and international physical activity questionnaire was used to collect data on behavioral cardiovascular risk factors. To assess the main outcomes of BP, body mass index (BMI) and waist-height-ratio (WHtR), a survey was conducted at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Data regarding univariate, bivariate and multivariate (repeated measurements between and within groups) analysis at 5% level of significance were analyzed using STATA 18. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) for repeated measures were used to estimate changes in BP, BMI and WHtR, and to examine the association between the CHW intervention and BP control.

Results
The study revealed that 77.5% and 92.5% of the participants in usual care and intervention groups completed the follow-up, respectively. After 6 months of follow-up, there was a reduction in the mean SBP and DBP for both arms, and reductions in BMI and WHtR only in the intervention arm. The adjusted mean reduction in SBP (-8.4 mm Hg; 95% CI, -13.4 to -3.3; P = 0.001) and DBP (-5.2 mm Hg 95% CI, -8.3 to -2.0; P<0.001) were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. The proportion of participants who achieved the controlled BP target of <140/90 mm Hg was 62.2% and 25.8% for the intervention and usual care arm, respectively. The proportion with controlled BP was significantly higher in the intervention arm compared to the usual care arm after adjusting for baseline covariates (AOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3–6.0, p = 0.008). There was no significant effect of the intervention on BMI and WHtR.

Conclusion
A home-based CHW intervention was significantly associated with reduction in BP among hypertensive patients compared to usual care. Future fully powered RCTs to test the effectiveness of such interventions among low-income populations are recommended.

Trial registration
Trial registration number: PACTR202309530525257.
Long-term brain fog and cognitive impairment in previously hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Authors: Junco Barbara , Samano Martin Del Campo Daniel , Karakeshishyan Vela , Bass Danielle , Sobczak Evie , Swafford Emily , Bolanos Ana , Rooks Joshua , Baumel Bernard S. , Ramos Alberto R. , Rundek Tatjana , Alkhachroum Ayham 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
Limited research exists on COVID-19 associated brain fog, and on the long-term cognitive and psychiatric sequelae in racially and ethnically diverse patients. We characterize the neuropsychological sequelae of post-acute COVID-19 in a diverse cohort and investigate whether COVID-19 clinical severity remains associated with brain fog and cognitive deficits approximately 2 years post infection.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of patients with a history of COVID-19 hospitalization (March-September 2020). COVID-19 clinical severity was indexed using the National Early Warning Score 2 and a comprehensive neuropsychological tele-battery was administered 2 years post discharge. Pearson’s r correlations assessed association, while independent sample t-tests examined group differences. Significant outcomes were further analyzed using multiple regression and ANCOVAs, adjusting for key covariates.

Results
In 41 adult patients (19 female, 30 Hispanic, 13 Black, mean age of 65 (SD = 15), COVID-19 level of severity was associated with greater number of endorsed brain fog symptoms (Pearson’s r = .34, 95% CI [.04, .59]), worse overall cognitive functioning (global cognition: r = -.36, 95% CI [-.61, -.05]) and reduced performance on an attention and working memory task (digit span backwards: r = -.41, 95% CI [-.66, -.09]) at 2-year follow-up. Brain fog symptoms most associated with COVID-19 severity included difficulty focusing (r = .46, 95% CI [.18, .67]), detached (r = .41, 95% CI [.12, .64]) and feeling sleepy (r = .40, 95% CI [.11, .63]). Patients’ cognitive performance was generally below average (global cognition z-score: M = -.96, SD = .66), with group differences based on sex and ethnicity evidenced on individual cognitive tests.

Discussion
This study emphasizes the importance of continued research on the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection on neuropsychological outcomes, particularly among underrepresented, health-disparate groups. Greater understanding of these associations could improve detection and treatment of those at increased risk of cognitive decline or impairment.
Prevalence and predictors of hypoglycemia in older outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Al-Azayzih Ahmad , Kanaan Roaa J. , Altawalbeh Shoroq M. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Kharaba Zelal , Jarab Anan 
Published: August 2024

Background
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (DM) has been increasing globally, particularly among older adults who are more susceptible to DM-related complications. Elderly individuals with diabetes are at higher risk of developing hypoglycemia compared with younger diabetes patients. Hypoglycemia in elderly patients can result in serious consequences such as cognitive changes, increased risk of falls, heart and other vascular problems, and even high mortality rate.

Objective
To assess prevalence, and factors associated with hypoglycemia events among geriatric outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods
The study was conducted at King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) at the outpatient diabetes clinic from October 1st, 2022 to August 1st, 2023. Variables such as socio-demographics, medication history, and comorbidities were obtained using electronic medical records. The prevalence of hypoglycemia was determined through patient interviews during their clinic visit. Patients were prospectively monitored for hospital admissions, emergency department visits, and mortality using electronic medical records over a three-month follow-up period. Logistic regression models were conducted to identify factors associated with hypoglycemia and hospital admissions/ emergency visits. Ethical Approval (Reference # 53/151/2022) was obtained on 19/9/2022.

Results
Electronic medical charts of 640 patients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus and age ≥ 60 years were evaluated. The mean age ± SD was 67.19 (± 5.69) years. Hypoglycemia incidents with different severity levels were prevalent in 21.7% (n = 139) of the patients. Insulin administration was significantly associated with more hypoglycemic events compared to other antidiabetic medication. Patients with liver diseases had a significantly higher risk of hypoglycemia, with odds 7.43 times higher than patients without liver diseases. Patients with dyslipidemia also had a higher risk of hypoglycemia (odd ratio = 1.87). Regression analysis revealed that hypoglycemia and educational level were significant predictors for hospital admission and emergency department (ER) visits. Hypoglycemia was a positive predictor, meaning it increased the odds of these outcomes, while having a college degree or higher was associated with reduced odds of hospital admission and ER visits.

Conclusion
Current study identified a considerable prevalence of hypoglycemia among older patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly, among those with concurrent liver diseases and dyslipidemia. Furthermore, hypoglycemia was associated with an increased rate of emergency department visits and hospital admissions by 2 folds in this population.
O Feminino Retratado em Notícias Sobre Feminicídio em Blogs
Authors: D’Albuquerque Mércia Aguiar , Musser Paula Maria Grave , Rodrigues Raquel Cavalcanti dos Santos 
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo trazer à luz acerca de como o feminino, seus desdobramentos e características, a partir de Freud, Lacan e autores posteriores a estes, e como o feminicídio são retratados pela mídia em diversos blogs de notícias, entendendo que a imprensa de uma forma geral exerce um papel de formadora de opinião quando explicita assuntos dessa natureza. O feminicídio se caracteriza como assassinato de mulheres pelas mãos de homens, pelo simples fato de serem mulheres, ou seja, pela condição do seu gênero, nesse sentido a dominação masculina se inscreve pela posse do objeto a saber, a mulher. A violência é um fato social que está presente na humanidade há muitos séculos, e na contemporaneidade, a cobertura jornalística é tendenciosa e supõe reforçar estereótipos que revitimizam àquela que é vítima do machimo estrutural. Muitos campos do saber tais como as diversas abordagens da psicologia, o saber jurídico e da sociologia retratam o tema a partir de suas perspectivas, nesse sentido, o artigo prevê a leitura desses fatos ocorridos pelo viés da psicanálise que diz respeito à constituição do sujeito e à construção dos laços sociais, considerando suas particularidades, elaborando uma reflexão no campo do saber da metapsicologia buscando entender o psiquismo do sujeito motivado pelo ato de cometer feminícidio considerando os fatos advindos da manifestação social.
Aseptic Splenic Abscesses With Concomitant Sweet Syndrome as Extraintestinal Manifestations of New-Onset Crohn's Disease
Authors: McGrath Mary , Geng Calvin , Rainho Anthony , Figueroa Esteban 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Splenic abscesses are typically infectious in nature but have rarely been reported as an extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease, particularly of Crohn's disease. In the United States, reported cases are even more scarce. We present a case of aseptic splenic abscess with concomitant Sweet syndrome in a middle-aged woman with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease. Extensive workup was required to reach final diagnosis, and she rapidly improved with corticosteroid therapy and has been maintained on risankizumab. We aim to contribute to limited data and heighten clinician awareness of these atypical extraintestinal manifestations.