bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between neuroimaging and clinical outcomes in individuals with central nervous system cryptococcosis
Authors: Teixeira Juliana Cavadas , de Oliveira Vítor Falcão , Gomes Hélio Rodrigues , Ribeiro Suzana Mesquita , de Araujo Evangelina da Motta Pacheco Alves , da Cruz Isabela Carvalho Leme Vieira , Taborda Mariane , Magri Adriana Satie Gonçalves Kono , Vidal José Ernesto , Nastri Ana Catharina de Seixas Santos , Silva Guilherme Diogo , Magri Marcello Mihailenko Chaves 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe radiological manifestations of central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis are diverse and often subtle. There is heterogeneity on how different neuroimaging patterns impact prognosis. This study aims to assess the association between the neuroimaging and clinical outcomes of CNS cryptococcosis.MethodsAll patients with CNS cryptococcosis between July 2017 and April 2023 who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. The primary outcome was mortality during hospitalisation. Secondary outcomes were readmission, ventricular shunting, duration of hospitalisation and time to the first negative cerebrospinal fluid culture. We compared the outcomes for each of the five main radiological findings on the brain MRI scan.ResultsWe included 46 proven CNS cryptococcosis cases. The two main comorbidity groups were HIV infection (20, 43%) and solid organ transplantation (10, 22%), respectively. Thirty‐nine patients exhibited at least one radiological abnormality (85%), with the most common being meningeal enhancement (34, 74%). The mortality rates occurred at 11% (5/46) during hospitalisation. We found no significant disparities in mortality related to distinct radiological patterns. The presence of pseudocysts was significantly associated with the need for readmission (p = .027). The ventricular shunting was significantly associated with the presence of pseudocysts (p = .005) and hydrocephalus (p = .044).ConclusionIn this study, there is no association between brain MRI findings and mortality. Larger studies are needed to evaluate this important issue.
Incidence and risk factors of neonatal peripherally inserted central catheter‐related thrombosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Xiuwen , Yue Liqing , Liao Peng , Li Bingyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCatheter‐related thrombosis is a common complication of the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in neonates, leading to unintended tube removal and significantly affecting neonatal health and safety. Despite widespread reporting on the estimated occurrence and factors contributing to neonatal PICC‐related thrombosis, these findings have not been synthesized.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of neonatal PICC‐related thrombosis.DesignSystematic literature review and meta‐analysis.MethodsTwo independent researchers systematically explored multiple databases—such as PubMed, Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library—from their inception until October 2023. Our study aggregates and scrutinizes studies specifically addressing the incidence and risk factors of neonatal PICC‐related thrombosis. Employing the RevMan 5.3 software, a meta‐analysis was executed to determine the incidence of both thrombosis and odds ratios (OR), accompanied by their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk factors.ResultsA total of 327 articles were screened, and data from 24 studies were used in synthesis. Neonatal PICC‐related thrombosis incidence varied from 0.23% to 17.91%. The pooled incidence was 2% (95% CI: 1%–2%; I2 = 94%; p < .0001). The study identified 12 risk factors, including insertion sites in the lower extremities (OR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.09–0.56; p = .001), gestational age <28 weeks, abdominal pathology, fresh frozen plasma by day 5 > 50 mL/kg, PICC tip location (proximal placement), two lumens, three lumens, prolonged hospital stay, infection, mothers' use of anticoagulants, patients with cardiac insufficiency and being twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome donor.ConclusionsThe analysis indicates an overall pooled incidence of neonatal PICC‐related thrombosis of 2%. Twelve factors were identified as risks associated with neonatal PICC‐related thrombosis. Understanding the risk factors can provide evidence‐based recommendations for improving awareness, control and treatment and better nursing management.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis systematic review and meta‐analysis illuminates the incidence and risk factors linked to neonatal PICC‐related thrombosis, delivering essential insights pivotal for clinical decision‐making and enhancing patient care within neonatal health care settings.
Areca nut‐induced AREG promote oral epithelial cell proliferation, migration, and EMT
Authors: Li Ming , Yuan Zhenying , Tang Zhangui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the biological effect and mechanism of areca nut extract (ANE) on human oral keratinocyte (HOK) cells.Materials and MethodsThe effect of gradient concentration of ANE on the proliferation activity of HOK cells was analyzed by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assays. The differentially expressed genes between the ANE group and control group HOK cells were analyzed by second‐generation transcriptome sequencing. Real‐time PCR and western blot were, respectively, used to analyze the expression of AREG gene and protein in HOK cells. After AREG gene overexpression or knockdown, the proliferation, migration, and expression of proteins related to epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT), MAPK signal pathway in HOK cells were, respectively, detected by CCK‐8, wound healing, transwell, and western blot assays.ResultsANE (500 μg/mL) promoted the proliferation and migration of HOK cells, ANE (2 mg/mL) promoted the EMT of HOK cells, and ANE (50 mg/mL) inhibited the proliferation of HOK cells. AREG knockdown inhibited ANE‐induced proliferation and migration of HOK cells, while AREG overexpression promoted the proliferation and migration of HOK cells. Western blot assay showed that ANE activated MAPK signal pathway by upregulating AREG protein in HOK cells.ConclusionsANE promoted HOK cell proliferation, migration, and EMT by mediating AREG–MAPK signaling pathway.
Imiquimod for the treatment of oral leukoplakia: A two‐center retrospective study
Authors: Sroussi Herve , Villa Alessandro , Alhadlaq Malak Adel , Ikeda Kentaro , Veluppillai Sivappiriyai , Treister Nathaniel , Monreal Anette Vistoso , Vacharotayangul Piamkamon , Lodolo Michele , Woo Sook‐Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to assess the effectiveness of the use of topical imiquimod for the management of oral leukoplakia (OL).MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Medical chart reviews were conducted to identify patients with biopsy‐proven OL treated with topical 5% imiquimod. Data included OL characteristics, histopathological diagnosis, treatment outcome, and adverse events (AEs). Treatment response was assessed by measuring the percentage reduction in the size of OL lesions.Results33 patients (51.5% females; median age: 65 years) with 38 lesions were included. OLs were either localized (23.7%) or multifocal lesions (76.3%), with the majority on the gingiva (86.8%). Pretreatment histopathological diagnoses were dysplasia in 84.2% and nonreactive hyperkeratosis in 15.8%. Most regimens consisted of 60‐minute applications, 5‐days‐a‐week, for 6 weeks. At the end of treatment, 81.6% of 38 lesions showed a reduction in size with 68.4% exhibiting ≥50% reduction in size, and 42.1% exhibiting complete resolution. Application site reactions were the most common with pain/soreness/sensitivity occurring in 86.8%. Fatigue was the most frequently reported systemic AE (28.9%).ConclusionTwo‐thirds of OL lesions had ≥50% reduction in size. Most AEs were temporary and resolved upon treatment discontinuation. Prospective studies are needed to further assess Imiquimod's effectiveness in OL management.
Prevalence of food allergy increased 1.7 times in the past 10 years among Japanese patients below 6 years of age
Authors: Yoshisue Hajime , Homma Yuji , Ito Chie , Ebisawa Motohiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile food allergy (FA) has been increasingly recognized as a growing public health burden worldwide, epidemiological studies on FA in Japan are limited.MethodsThis was a noninterventional, observational study using the administrative claims data from 2010 to 2019 (10 years). Patients with physician‐diagnosed FA in Japan (prevalent cohort) were divided into high‐risk or low‐risk cohorts using adrenaline prescription. The high‐risk cohort was further divided into anaphylaxis or nonanaphylaxis cohort based on the occurrence of anaphylaxis or a serious allergic reaction (SAR) during 1 year after adrenaline prescription. The primary objective was to examine yearly prevalence of FA. The secondary objectives were to describe demographics/clinical characteristics and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), to evaluate the number of occurrences of anaphylaxis/SAR in the high‐risk cohort, and the impact of anaphylaxis/SAR on HCRU.ResultsThe overall standardized prevalence rate was 0.325% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.311–0.339) in 2010 and 0.797% (95% CI, 0.790–0.804) in 2019 and predominant in patients age <6 years (preschool; 3.377% [95% CI, 3.229–3.525] in 2010 and 5.726% [95% CI, 5.663–5.789] in 2019). Majority of FA patients (>80%) were children/adolescent throughout the 10 years. While high‐risk cohort was a relatively minor population (8.5% in the prevalent cohort in 2019), the occurrence of anaphylaxis/SAR in the high‐risk cohort was 227,690/100,000 patient‐years. Multivariate analysis showed a significant increase in HCRU variables in the anaphylaxis versus nonanaphylaxis cohort (e.g., 2.08 [95% CI, 2.05–2.11] times more FA‐related outpatient visits).ConclusionsPrevalence of FA increased in a statistically significant way from 2010 to 2019; 1.7‐fold increase was observed in patients <6 years old. Patients in the high‐risk cohort appear to have suffered from frequent anaphylaxis/SAR, highlighting an unmet medical need for FA patients at “high‐risk,” considering the unavailability of approved medications to prevent anaphylaxis/SAR.
Did the Glasgow COP26 negotiations meet or miss Article 6 (carbon markets) of the Paris Agreement? A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Asadnabizadeh Majid 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Paris Agreement is an important milestone in international climate policy and the associated negotiations of the United Nations Climate Summit under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Article 6 of the Paris Agreement is a supplementary mechanism—regarding carbon markets—to reduce greenhouse gases and achieve the UNFCCC's main objective of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations. The 2021 United Nations Climate Summit in Glasgow (COP26) played a key role in the pursuit of this goal. Via an overview of Article 6 negotiations in past COP summits and a systematic review and qualitative meta‐synthesis of the literature leading up to COP26, I identify three arguments involving Articles 6.2, 6.4, and 6.8 behind the selected literature. I substantiate these arguments based on the meta‐evaluation of the existing literature and propose a three‐stage meta‐evaluation of the arguments on Article 6 (carbon markets) of the Paris Agreement in the context of COP26 to ascertain if the negotiations were successful in leading to requisite agreements on Article 6. I conclude that future qualitative research should focus on Articles 6.4 and 6.8 of the Paris Agreement and examine the outcomes of future climate debates to see how ideas will flow through the negotiations regarding these two articles to pursue the goal of the UNFCCC under the Paris Agreement.Related ArticlesJihyung Joo, Jihyung, Jouni Paavola, and James Van Alstine. 2023. “The Divergence of South Korea's Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) from the EU ETS: An Institutional Complementarity View.” Politics & Policy 51(6): 1155–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12566.Nunes Silva, Carlos. 2012. “Policy and Evidence in a Partisan Age: The Great Disconnect—By Paul Gary Wyckoff.” Politics & Policy 40(3): 541–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00363.x.Robles, Pedro, and Daniel J. Mallinson. 2023. “Catching up with AI: Pushing toward a Cohesive Governance Framework.” Politics & Policy 51(3): 355–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12529.
Sucrose‐Phosphate Synthase and Sucrose Synthase contribute to refoliation in ryegrass, a grassland fructan‐accumulating species
Authors: Noiraud‐Romy Nathalie , Berthier Alexandre , Meuriot Frédéric , Prud‧homme Marie‐Pascale 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe perennity of grassland species such as Lolium perenne greatly depends on their ability to regrow after cutting or grazing. Refoliation largely relies on the mobilization of fructans in the remaining tissues and on the associated sucrose synthesis and transport towards the basal leaf meristems. However, nothing is known yet about the sucrose synthesis pathway. Sucrose Phosphate Synthase (SPS) and Sucrose Synthase (SuS) activities, together with their transcripts, were monitored during the first hours after defoliation along the leaf axis of mature leaf sheaths and elongating leaf bases (ELB) where the leaf meristems are located. In leaf sheaths, which undergo a sink‐source transition, fructan and sucrose contents declined while SPS and SuS activities increased, along with the expression of LpSPSA, LpSPSD.2, LpSuS1, LpSuS2, and LpSuS4. In ELB, which continue to act as a strong carbon sink, SPS and SuS activities increased to varying degrees while the expression of all the LpSPS and LpSuS genes decreased after defoliation. SPS and SuS both contribute to refoliation but are regulated differently depending on the source or sink status of the tissues. Together with fructan metabolism, they represent key determinants of ryegrass perennity and, more generally, of grassland sustainability.
Utility of gingival crevicular fluid components for periodontal diagnosis
Authors: Buduneli Nurcan , Bıyıkoğlu Başak , Kinane Denis F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeriodontal diseases are highly prevalent chronic diseases, and severe periodontitis creates functional and esthetic problems and decreases self‐esteem for a large percentage of the older population worldwide. In many cases of periodontitis, there is no distinct tell‐tale pain that motivates a patient to seek treatment, rather the signs become clinically detectable late, and typically when the disease has progressed to a problematic level for the life of the dentition. Early periodontal screening and diagnostics tools will provide early recognition of periodontal diseases and facilitate timely management of the disease to reduce tooth loss. To this goal, gingival crevicular fluid is easily sampled, can be repeatedly and non‐invasively collected, and can be tested for potential biomarkers. Moreover, the site specificity of periodontal diseases enhances the usefulness of gingival crevicular fluid sampled from specific sites as a biofluid for diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of periodontal diseases. The present review aimed to provide up‐to‐date information on potential diagnostic biomarkers with utility that can be assayed from gingival crevicular fluid samples, focusing on what is new and useful and providing only general historic background textually and in a tabulated format.
‘A trouble to the whole house’: the Frankford's plague‐time home in Thomas Heywood's A Woman Killed with Kindness
Authors: Giltrow‐Shaw Lorna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCriticism in early modern English drama continues to expose the socio‐spatial anxieties generated by plague that shaped both plays and the playhouse space. What has not yet been considered in any detail, however, are the numerous public health measures born out of these anxieties that altered the lived experience of space during outbreaks. This article begins to address this lacuna by reading Thomas Heywood's domestic tragedy A Woman Killed with Kindness through the lens of contemporary plague prevention. Plague policy repurposed the home into a space that might not only contain the infected but, with competent governance, might also provide the first line of defence against infection. Woman Killed, a play that likely premiered in the wake of an outbreak, is vigorously alert to the dynamics of plague‐time domestic space and the onus placed on householders to cleanse and manage the home and its peripheries. This article examines how Heywood draws on plague prevention practices to introduce and remove ‘infectious’ sources to and from the Frankford home. Heywood utilizes the cultural immediacy of plague measures to expose and explore the dangers of female adultery that, like plague, threatened the integrity and autonomy of domestic space.
Gynaecological pathology and assisted reproductive treatment: can we increase the chances of successful treatment by optimising the pelvis?
Authors: Richardson Alison , Jacob Susie , Baskind Ellissa 
Published: July 2024

Key content:
Pelvic pathologies such as fibroids, polyps, congenital uterine anomalies, intrauterine adhesions, hydrosalpinges, adenomyosis, endometriosis and ovarian cysts may have a negative impact on fertility and the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART).
If pelvic pathologies are identified during the course of investigations for subfertility, information based on the latest available evidence should be provided so that individuals can make informed decisions about how they wish to proceed.
In some situations, surgical intervention prior to ART is strongly recommended, but in others, the evidence is more limited/conflicting.
Learning objectives:
To learn more about how and why pelvic pathologies such as fibroids, polyps, congenital uterine anomalies, intrauterine adhesions, hydrosalpinges, adenomyosis, endometriosis and ovarian cysts affect fertility and outcomes following ART treatment.
To understand when surgical intervention is (and equally is not) indicated in the management of different pelvic pathologies in women with subfertility who are contemplating ART.
To appreciate the different options on how to manage women with different pelvic pathologies identified before and during an ART cycle.
To smooth the transition between secondary/tertiary NHS care and ART providers so that women are given consistent advice and managed according to evidence based recommendations.
Comprehension of English for‐adverbials: The Nature of Lexical Meanings and the Neurocognitive Architecture of Language
Authors: Piñango Maria M. , Lai Yao‐Ying , Deo Ashwini , Foster‐Hanson Emily , Lacadie Cheryl , Constable Todd 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhat is the nature of lexical meanings such that they can both compose with others and also appear boundless? We investigate this question by examining the compositional properties of for‐time adverbial as in “Ana jumped for an hour.” At issue is the source of the associated iterative reading which lacks overt morphophonological support, yet, the iteration is not disconnected from the lexical meanings in the sentence. This suggests an analysis whereby the iterative reading is the result of the interaction between lexical meanings under a specific compositional configuration. We test the predictions of two competing accounts: Mismatch‐and‐Repair and Partition‐Measure. They differ in their assumptions about lexical meanings: assumptions that have implications for the possible compositional mechanisms that each can invoke. Mismatch‐and‐Repair assumes that lexical meaning representations are discrete, separate from the conceptual system from which they originally emerged and brought into sentence meaning through syntactic composition. Partition‐Measure assumes that lexical meanings are contextually salient conceptual structures substantially indistinguishable from the conceptual system that they inhabit. During comprehension, lexical meanings construe a conceptual representation, in parallel, morphosyntactic and morphophonological composition as determined by the lexical items involved in the sentence. Whereas both hypotheses capture the observed cost in the punctual predicate plus for‐time adverbial composition (e.g., jump (vs. swim) for an hour), their predictions differ regarding iteration with durative predicates; for example, swim for a year (vs. for an hour). Mismatch‐and‐Repair predicts contrasting processing profiles and nonoverlapping activation patterns along punctuality differences. Partition‐Measure predicts overlapping processing and cortical distribution profiles, along the presence of iterativity. Results from a self‐paced reading and an functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies bear out the predictions of the Partition‐Measure account, supporting a view of linguistic meaning composition in line with an architecture of language whereby combinatoriality and generativity are distributed, carried out in parallel across linguistic and nonlinguistic subsystems.
Electrically Conductive Adhesives in Microelectronics Packaging
Authors: Ayalasomayajula Mukund , Khurana Mohit Ravi , Chaudhary Prince Shiva 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Electronic packaging is integral to safeguarding electronic devices while ensuring electrical connectivity and heat dissipation. This paper reviews electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs), focusing on two main types: isotropic conductive adhesives (ICAs) and anisotropic conductive adhesives (ACAs). ECAs offer advantages over traditional solders, including lower processing temperatures, environmental friendliness, and the ability to conform to flexible substrates. The paper explores the working mechanisms of ICAs and ACAs, highlighting their limitations and recent developments aimed at improvement. Key challenges for ICAs include low electrical conductivity and moisture absorption, while ACAs face limitations in fine-pitch applications and electric field-induced particle movement. Recent advancements discussed include the use of organic monolayers, nanofiber integration, magnetic self-assembly, low-temperature sintering of nanosilver particles, and copper nanoparticle fillers. These innovations hold promise for enhancing the electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and reliability of ECAs. Finally, the paper explores applications of ECAs in die attach, flip-chip bonding, and chip-on-flex (COF) packaging, highlighting their potential for various electronic devices.
Numerical Simulation on Combustion Characteristics of Methane–Air Premixed Flame Impacted by Hydrogen Jet
Authors: Wang Qian , He Yituan , Qin Zihan , Liu Zonghui , Fu Yanyan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Low-concentration coalbed methane is an efficient and clean unconventional natural gas with abundant reserves. It can greatly lessen the problem of energy scarcity when used to produce combustion power. Nevertheless, the engine finds it challenging to burn low-concentration coalbed methane directly due to its low and fluctuating CH4 concentration. This study suggests using a hydrogen jet to ignite low-concentration coalbed methane. The simulation method is used in this article. To investigate the effects of various ignition injection strategies on the combustion characteristics of low-concentration coalbed methane ignited by a hydrogen jet, a constant volume bomb model was developed. The results show that when the ignition and hydrogen injection interval is 2.0 ms, the cold jet of hydrogen does not burn immediately when it reaches the premixed flame, and there is a transition process from the premixed flame to the jet flame. The larger the interval between ignition and hydrogen injection, the more waste gas is produced after the premixed flame combustion, which has a certain inhibition effect on the formation of the jet flame. With the decrease in the interval between ignition and hydrogen injection, the combustion duration is obviously shortened. Therefore, the earlier hydrogen is involved in the ignition, the faster the combustion speed.