bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate supply chain responsibility (CSCR)
Authors: Samuel González‐Trejo Elí , Myriam González‐Salazar Norma , Pedroza‐Cantu Gloria , Gerardo Elizondo‐Arroyave Sergio 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop and present the concept of corporate supply chain responsibility (CSCR). CSCR provides a guide for developing a mutually beneficial relationship between firms and suppliers. Moreover, some interesting research propositions are developed which can be tested in future research. In addition, implementation guidelines are presented and finally, the potential benefits for the whole supply chain are also discussed.Design/methodology/approachAn exhaustive literature review is carried out to support the proposed CSCR framework and research propositions.FindingsThe literature review supports the proposed CSCR framework and the research propositions, the concept of CSCR is defined and finally, CSCR implementation guidelines are also given.Research limitations/implicationsThis study only presents the CSCR model, but does not test the model. This is a limitation that should be addressed in future research.Practical implicationsThe CSCR model, when empirically tested, can be useful as an evaluation tool to measure the CSCR performance level of a firm at a given point in time.Social implicationsThe paper enforces social responsibility which has direct social implications.Originality/valueThis paper develops and presents the CSCR framework and research propositions, which provides a guide for developing a mutually beneficial relationship between firms and suppliers. In addition, CSCR implementation guidelines for practitioners are also given.
Learning organization dimensions of the Sri Lanka Army
Authors: Dhananjaya Dahanayake Nishada , Gamlath Sharmila 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThis study intends to investigate the extent to which the Sri Lanka Army can be described as a learning organization.Design/methodology/approachThe main tool of analysis used was the Dimensions of the Learning Organization Questionnaire (DLOQ) developed by Marsick and Watkins, with the exclusion of the sections on financial and knowledge performance.FindingsUsing the DLOQ, the research found that the dimensions of a learning organization proposed by Marsick and Watkins are present in the Sri Lanka Army, although with some aberrations between different ranks.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted without a directly connected dependent variable.Practical implicationsThis study shows how even a non‐profit‐oriented organization like the Sri Lanka Army can be informed from a concept like the learning organization, and indeed emphasizes the overarching need for a military organization to operate as a learning organization. Therefore, this research has reiterated the fact that the learning organization is a prescription that all organizations, even not‐for‐profit ones, should ardently pursue. The research also offers recommendations for improvements in the performance of the Sri Lanka Army by identifying certain weaknesses.Originality/valueBy initiating the use of the DLOQ in the Sri Lankan as well as a military context, the study has opened the doors for administering the DLOQ and similar tools for measuring the extent of organizational learning and the presence and strength of learning organizational characteristics in Sri Lanka.
To what extent does a corporate information unit impact upon the company in which it is based?
Authors: Reynolds Tina 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the extent to which the impact of the information unit (IU) is felt within the parent organisation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper opted for mixed methods approach combining two survey methods: a quantitative questionnaire with a follow‐up set of qualitative interviews.FindingsThe IU was felt to have an impact; however, the definition of impact was very difficult to pin down. There is a need to promote the work of the IU.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the chosen research approach, the research results may not be replicable. Additionally, there is a risk of researcher bias.Practical implicationsThe paper could be used to help study impact in other special libraries.Originality/valueThis paper seems to be unique in studying the impact of a corporate library using this approach. It will be of use to other corporate librarians and possibly those looking at mixed methods.
Simulation of ventilation effects on indoor radon
Authors: Akbari Keramatollah , Mahmoudi Jafar , Ghanbari Mahdi 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate indoor radon distribution and ventilation effects. This technique was used to predict and visualize radon content and indoor air quality in a one‐family detached house in Stockholm. The effects of intake fans, exhaust fans and doors on radon concentration were investigated.Design/methodology/approachIn this study a mechanically balanced ventilation system and a continuous radon monitor (CRM) were used to measure the indoor ventilation rate and radon levels. In a numerical approach, the FLUENT CFD package was used to simulate radon entry into the building and ventilation effects.FindingsResults of the numerical study indicated that indoor pressure created by ventilation systems and infiltration through doors or windows have significant effects on indoor radon content. The location of vents was found to affect the indoor radon level and distribution.Research limitations/implicationsIt may be possible to improve any discrepancies found in this article by using a more refined representation of grids and certain boundary conditions, such as pressure and temperature differences between inside and outside and by considering some real situations in residential buildings and external situations.Originality/valueFrom the viewpoints of indoor air quality (IAQ) and energy savings, ventilation has two opposing functions; on the positive side it enhances IAQ and the establishment of thermal comfort, and on the negative side it increases energy consumption. This paper describes the search for a solution to cope with this contradiction.
Healthcare leadership: learning from evaluation
Authors: Edmonstone John 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review eight major evaluations of leadership and management development programmes in parts of the UK National Health Service and also to identify learning from these as a basis for an evaluation framework which focuses on impact within healthcare organisations.Design/methodology/approachEight evaluations conducted over a 13‐year period are reviewed in terms of the staff groups covered, numbers involved, duration, programme elements, evaluation approach adopted and key learning points. General conclusions are derived from this review.FindingsAlthough each evaluation relates to a unique context or setting, there are clear common messages running across all those studied which are of wider interest and concern.Practical implicationsThe framework developed from the review may be useful to those commissioning, designing, delivering and evaluating leadership programmes.Originality/valueThe paper seeks to identify common learning across programmes involving some 1,653 people, ranging in duration from seven to 18 months and covering first‐line clinical management to executive director positions.
Late Neoliberalism: The Financialization of Homeownership and Housing Rights
Authors: Rolnik Raquel 
Published: April 2013

AbstractOver the last few decades we have witnessed a globalU‐turn in prevailing housing and urban policy agendas, spread around the world by the driving forces of globalization and neoliberalism. The new paradigm was mainly based on the withdrawal of states from the housing sector and the implementation of policies designed to create stronger and larger market‐based housing finance models. The commodification of housing, together with the increased use of housing as an investment asset within a globalized financial market, has profoundly affected the enjoyment of the right to adequate housing. Taking theWorldBank's 1993 manifesto as a starting point and the subprime crisis as its first great international flashpoint, this essay traces some key elements of the neoliberal approach to housing and its impact on the enjoyment of the right to housing in different contexts and times. The reform of housing policy — with all its components of homeownership, private property and binding financial commitments — has been central to the political and ideological strategies through which the dominance of neoliberalism is maintained. Conversely, the crisis (and its origins in the housing market) reflects the inability of market mechanisms to provide adequate and affordable housing for all.
‘Don't Waste a Crisis’: Opening up the City Yet Again for Neoliberal Experimentation
Authors: Oosterlynck Stijn , González Sara 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis essay calls for a systematic investigation of the financial‐economic crisis as a source of new urban governance rationalities across Europe. We propose combining an understanding of neoliberalization as a variegated social phenomenon with a cultural political economy approach sensitive to the discursive dimension of variegation and the evolutionary mechanisms through which discursive variation is translated into geo‐institutional differentiation. We illustrate how this theoretical framework may help to analyse the impact of the crisis on urban governmental rationalities. Rather than offering a complete cultural political economy account of the responses of European cities to the financial‐economic crisis, we analyse how the crisis and the responses to it have been represented in discourses on urban policies and development by focusing on two discursive sites that are of strategic importance, namely OECD LEED and URBACT. Our preliminary findings suggest a re‐assemblage of existing discourses rather than the emergence of a new post‐neoliberal urban government rationality.
Calorie restriction in humans inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway and induces a younger transcription profile
Authors: Mercken Evi M. , Crosby Seth D. , Lamming Dudley W. , JeBailey Lellean , Krzysik‐Walker Susan , Villareal Dennis T. , Capri Miriam , Franceschi Claudio , Zhang Yongqing , Becker Kevin , Sabatini David M. , de Cabo Rafael , Fontana Luigi 
Published: April 2013

SummaryCaloric restriction (CR) and down‐regulation of the insulin/IGF pathway are the most robust interventions known to increase longevity in lower organisms. However, little is known about the molecular adaptations induced by CR in humans. Here, we report that long‐term CR in humans inhibits the IGF‐1/insulin pathway in skeletal muscle, a key metabolic tissue. We also demonstrate that CR induces dramatic changes of the skeletal muscle transcriptional profile that resemble those of younger individuals. Finally, in both rats and humans, CR evoked similar responses in the transcriptional profiles of skeletal muscle. This common signature consisted of three key pathways typically associated with longevity: IGF‐1/insulin signaling, mitochondrial biogenesis, and inflammation. Furthermore, our data identify promising pathways for therapeutic targets to combat age‐related diseases and promote health in humans.
Sticky cost behaviour: evidence from small and medium sized companies
Authors: Dalla Via Nicola , Perego Paolo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis paper investigates whether cost stickiness occurs in small and medium sized companies using a sample of Italian nonlisted and listed firms during the period 1999–2008. Our findings show that cost stickiness emerges only for the total cost of labour and not for selling, general and administrative (SG&A) costs, cost of goods sold and operating costs. Stickiness of operating costs is only detected in a sample of listed companies. We further contribute to the literature on sticky cost behaviour by discussing critical issues associated with the extant approach of empirical analysis and interpretation of sticky cost behaviour.
Conjunctival goblet cells density and preservative‐free tafluprost therapy for glaucoma: an in vivo confocal microscopy and impression cytology study
Authors: Mastropasqua Leonardo , Agnifili Luca , Fasanella Vincenzo , Curcio Claudia , Ciabattoni Cristina , Mastropasqua Rodolfo , Toto Lisa , Ciancaglini Marco 
Published: April 2013

Abstract.Purpose:  To evaluate the density of conjunctival goblet cells (GCs) in glaucomatous patients treated with preservative‐free (PF) tafluprost, using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and impression cytology (IC).Methods:  Thirty glaucomatous patients (30 eyes) naive for therapy and thirty healthy subjects (30 eyes) were enrolled. Conjunctiva was examined by means of Heidelberg Retina Tomography/Rostock cornea module. Afterwards, the specimens for IC were obtained. Patients were randomized to PF‐tafluprost (Group 1) or preserved latanoprost (Group 2) and controls to the vehicle of latanoprost (Group 3) or physiological buffered saline solution (Group 4). Both LSCM and IC were performed at baseline, and after the 1st and 6th months of therapy, GC density (GCD) (cells/mm2) was the main outcome measurement.Results:  Baseline. Mean GCD was 240.69 ± 25.43 and 232.65 ± 23.52, for LSCM, and 162.10 ± 23.44 and 164.71 ± 21.03 for IC in Group 1 and 2, respectively. GC density values were not significantly different in Group 3 and 4 (p > 0.05%). Month one. Mean GCD increased to 284.16 ± 43.88 and 230.62 ± 48.32 in Group 1 (p < 0.001) and to 297.86 ± 26.87 and 221.78 ± 43.02 in Group 2 (p < 0.05), measured with LSCM and IC, respectively. In Group 3, GCD decreased to 205.88 ± 25.04 and 139.54 ± 17.37 measured with LSCM and IC, respectively (p < 0.05). Month six. Mean GCD did not change in Group 1 (p > 0.05) whereas it decreased in Group 2 (p < 0.05), compared to month 1. In Group 3, GCD further decreased to 166.32 ± 22.31 and 120.76 ± 11.66, measured with LSCM and IC, respectively (p < 0.05); in Group 4, mean GCD did not change during the study period (p > 0.05).Conclusions:  Treatment with PF tafluprost was associated with an increase in conjunctival GCD in glaucomatous eyes naïve for therapy. Further studies are mandatory to verify this finding because its validation may have important consequences in the medical management of glaucoma.
Treatment of Status Epilepticus with Ketamine, Are we There yet?
Authors: Dorandeu Frederic , Dhote Franck , Barbier Laure , Baccus Benjamin , Testylier Guy 
Published: April 2013

SummaryStatus epilepticus (SE), a neurological emergency both in adults and in children, could lead to brain damage and even death if untreated. Generalized convulsive SE (GCSE) is the most common and severe form, an example of which is that induced by organophosphorus nerve agents. First‐ and second‐line pharmacotherapies are relatively consensual, but if seizures are still not controlled, there is currently no definitive data to guide the optimal choice of therapy. The medical community seems largely reluctant to use ketamine, a noncompetitive antagonist of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate glutamate receptor. However, a review of the literature clearly shows that ketamine possesses, in preclinical studies, antiepileptic properties and provides neuroprotection. Clinical evidences are scarcer and more difficult to analyze, owing to a use in situations of polytherapy. In absence of existing or planned randomized clinical trials, the medical community should make up its mind from well‐conducted preclinical studies performed on appropriate models. Although potentially active, ketamine has no real place for the treatment of isolated seizures, better accepted drugs being used. Its best usage should be during GCSE, but not waiting for SE to become totally refractory. Concerns about possible developmental neurotoxicity might limit its pediatric use for refractory SE.
Effects of the ant Formica fusca on the transmission of microsporidia infecting gypsy moth larvae
Authors: Goertz Dörte , Hoch Gernot 
Published: April 2013

AbstractTransmission plays an integral part in the intimate relationship between a host insect and its pathogen that can be altered by abiotic or biotic factors. The latter include other pathogens, parasitoids, or predators. Ants are important species in food webs that act on various levels in a community structure. Their social behavior allows them to prey on and transport larger prey, or they can dismember the prey where it was found. Thereby they can also influence the horizontal transmission of a pathogen in its host's population. We tested the hypothesis that an ant species like Formica fusca L. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) can affect the horizontal transmission of two microsporidian pathogens, Nosema lymantriae Weiser (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) and Vairimorpha disparis (Timofejeva) (Microsporidia: Burenellidae), infecting the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Lymantriinae). Observational studies showed that uninfected and infected L. dispar larvae are potential prey items for F. fusca. Laboratory choice experiments led to the conclusion that F. fusca did not prefer L. dispar larvae infected with N. lymantriae and avoided L. dispar larvae infected with V. disparis over uninfected larvae when given the choice. Experiments carried out on small potted oak, Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. (Fagaceae), saplings showed that predation of F. fusca on infected larvae did not significantly change the transmission of either microsporidian species to L. dispar test larvae. Microscopic examination indicated that F. fusca workers never became infected with N. lymantriae or V. disparis after feeding on infected prey.
Longer tongues and swifter handling: why do more bumble bees (Bombus spp.) than honey bees (Apis mellifera) forage on lavender (Lavandula spp.)?
Authors: BALFOUR NICHOLAS J. , GARBUZOV MIHAIL , RATNIEKS FRANCIS L.W. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Lavender (Lavandula spp.) flowers attract more bumble bees (Bombus spp.) than honey bees (Apis mellifera). Counts of bees foraging on Lavandula × intermedia ‘Grosso’ at the University of Sussex campus, showed that bumble bees (92%) greatly outnumbered honey bees (8%). This was not due to a scarcity of honey bees, as the reverse ratio (94% honey bees vs. 6% bumble bees) occurred on borage (Borago officinalis) at the same location.
Video analysis of free‐flying bees revealed that all bumble bee species present (Bombus terrestris/lucorum, Bombus pascuorum, and Bombus lapidarius) handled lavender flowers three times faster than honey bees (mean extraction times: 0.38, 0.37, 0.34 s respectively, vs. 1.30 s; all P < 0.001). Honey bee tongue length (6.6 mm) was approximately 2 mm shorter than those of bumble bees (7.8–8.9 mm) and 1 mm shorter than the lavender corolla tube (c. 7 mm). In addition, bumble bees probed twice as many lavender flowers encountered than honey bees (86% vs. 46%).
Experimentally reducing effective corolla tube length with scalpel incisions significantly decreased extraction time for honey bees (from 1.11 to 0.76 s; P < 0.001) but not for bumble bees (0.33 to 0.28 s; P = 0.266).
Results suggest that honey bees are deterred from foraging on lavender because they are being outcompeted by bumble bees, which forage more efficiently.
Nucleic acid‐based non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic skin diseases: are we ready?
Authors: Ma Yonghui , Gong He , Wen Yaran 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe discovery of circulating fetal nucleic acids is a great step on the way of developing non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) for genetic disorders. Here, we briefly discuss the current applications of circulating fetal nucleic acids in genetic testing for different kinds of hereditary diseases with an emphasis on using circulating cell‐free fetal DNA in diagnosis of monogenic disorders. As the genetic skin disorders impair the quality of life at different levels, we next discuss some ethical issues in NIPD for genetic skin diseases of various severities and in particular, the responsibility of doctors and parents, respectively, in the prenatal genetic testing.
Efficacy of single buccal infiltrations for maxillary first molars in patients with irreversible pulpitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Atasoy Ulusoy Ö. İ. , Alaçam T. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of a single buccal infitration using 4% articaine hydrochloride (HCl) with 1 : 100 000 epinephrine or 4% articaine HCl with 1 : 100 000 epinephrine bitartrate for obtaining adequate pulpal anaesthesia in the palatal roots of maxillary first molars associated with irreversible pulpitis.MethodologyIn this single‐blind randomized clinical trial, fifty subjects were randomly allocated to receive maxillary buccal injections of 1.5 mL 4% articaine with 1 : 100 000 epinephrine (n = 25) or 1.5 mL 4% articaine with 1 : 100 000 epinephrine bitartrate (n = 25). Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and pulse rate measurements were recorded during access cavity preparation and initial file placement into the mesiobuccal, distobuccal and palatal canals. Data were analysed using Duncan and t‐tests.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the two anaesthetic solutions regarding the VAS scores and pulse rate measurements during endodontic procedures. The mean VAS ratings of the 50 patients during file placement into the palatal canals were significantly higher compared with the other three root canal procedures (P < 0.0001). The heart rates during negotiation of palatal canals were significantly higher than when negotiating the mesiobuccal and distobuccal canals (P < 0.0001).ConclusionSingle buccal infiltration did not achieve adequate pulpal anaesthesia in the palatal root canal of the maxillary first molars associated with irreversible pulpitis.
Acute myeloid leukaemia in Western Australia 1991–2005: a retrospective population‐based study of 898 patients regarding epidemiology, cytogenetics, treatment and outcome
Authors: Gangatharan S. A. , Grove C. S. , P'ng S. , O'Reilly J. , Joske D. , Leahy M. F. , Threlfall T. , Wright M. P. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundPatient characteristics and cytogenetics of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in clinical trials do not reflect that of the general population. There has not been a large population‐based study that has examined cytogenetic features and outcomes of AML in Australia.AimInvestigation of epidemiological, prognostic, treatment and outcome data in adults diagnosed with AML in Western Australia between 1991 and 2005.MethodsPatients were identified utilising the Western Australia Cancer Registry, cytogenetic databases and hospital inpatient discharge diagnoses. Data were retrospectively collected from patients presenting to tertiary hospitals on patient characteristics, karyotype, induction therapy, remission, transplantation and survival.Results: A total of 987 patients with AML was identified, of which 91% (898) attended a tertiary hospital. Median age was 67 years and 45% of cases represented secondary AML. Cytogenetic analysis was available in 81% of patients. Frequent karyotypes were normal (38.8%), complex (13.8%) and −7/add(7q)/del(7q) (12.1%). Aggressive therapy was initiated in 62.6%. Less than 15% were enrolled in clinical trials. Overall 16.5% received a stem cell transplant. Median overall survival for all patients was 5.6 months. In patients treated aggressively, complete remission was achieved in 56.9% and median overall survival was 12.2 months. Age, secondary disease and karyotype were significantly predictive of remission and overall survival.ConclusionAge distribution, remission and survival rates were comparable with published population‐based studies. High median age was reflected in the rate of secondary AML and trial eligibility. These findings highlight the need for prospective data collection.