bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and experimental evaluation of a low-complexity spatial combiner for LTE distributed antenna systems
Authors: Soler-Garrido Josep , Sandell Magnus , Tosato Filippo , Milford David , Ahmed Imran 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This article presents a distributed antenna system (DAS) architecture for small-cell base stations (BTSs), whereby cooperation between the DAS infrastructure and the BTS allows for an increase in performance compared to conventional systems, while at the same time keeping complexity and cost at low levels. Specifically, the article investigates the improvements in uplink physical layer performance achieved by adding an initial antenna combining step in the DAS system before conventional combining and equalization at the BTS. This initial step can be implemented in a very low-complexity fashion by performing all operations in the time domain and using channel state information calculated at the BTS itself. The article presents this technique in the context of an LTE DAS system. Results from both a software simulator and a custom-made hardware prototype are presented, establishing the feasibility of the proposed architecture.
Stochastic time‐concentration activity models for cytotoxicity in 3D brain cell cultures
Authors: Renner Maria , Zurich Marie-Gabrielle , Kopp-Schneider Annette 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background

In vitro aggregating brain cell cultures containing all types of brain cells have been shown to be useful for neurotoxicological investigations. The cultures are used for the detection of nervous system‐specific effects of compounds by measuring multiple endpoints, including changes in enzyme activities. Concentration‐dependent neurotoxicity is determined at several time points.

Methods
A Markov model was set up to describe the dynamics of brain cell populations exposed to potentially neurotoxic compounds. Brain cells were assumed to be either in a healthy or stressed state, with only stressed cells being susceptible to cell death. Cells may have switched between these states or died with concentration‐dependent transition rates. Since cell numbers were not directly measurable, intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was used as a surrogate. Assuming that changes in cell numbers are proportional to changes in intracellular LDH activity, stochastic enzyme activity models were derived. Maximum likelihood and least squares regression techniques were applied for estimation of the transition rates. Likelihood ratio tests were performed to test hypotheses about the transition rates. Simulation studies were used to investigate the performance of the transition rate estimators and to analyze the error rates of the likelihood ratio tests. The stochastic time‐concentration activity model was applied to intracellular LDH activity measurements after 7 and 14 days of continuous exposure to propofol. The model describes transitions from healthy to stressed cells and from stressed cells to death.

Results
The model predicted that propofol would affect stressed cells more than healthy cells. Increasing propofol concentration from 10 to 100 μ M reduced the mean waiting time for transition to the stressed state by 50%, from 14 to 7 days, whereas the mean duration to cellular death reduced more dramatically from 2.7 days to 6.5 hours.

Conclusion
The proposed stochastic modeling approach can be used to discriminate between different biological hypotheses regarding the effect of a compound on the transition rates. The effects of different compounds on the transition rate estimates can be quantitatively compared. Data can be extrapolated at late measurement time points to investigate whether costs and time‐consuming long‐term experiments could possibly be eliminated.
The index of tobacco treatment quality: development of a tool to assess evidence-based treatment in a national sample of drug treatment facilities
Authors: Cupertino A Paula , Hunt Jamie J , Gajewski Byron J , Jiang Yu , Marquis Janet , Friedmann Peter D , Engelman Kimberly K , Richter Kimber P 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Quitting smoking improves health and drug use outcomes among people in treatment for substance abuse. The twofold purpose of this study is to describe tobacco treatment provision across a representative sample of U.S. facilities and to use these data to develop the brief Index of Tobacco Treatment Quality (ITTQ).

Methods
We constructed survey items based on current tobacco treatment guidelines, existing surveys, expert input, and qualitative research. We administered the survey to a stratified sample of 405 facility administrators selected from all 3,800 U.S. adult outpatient facilities listed in the SAMHSA Inventory of Substance Abuse Treatment Services. We constructed the ITTQ with a subset of 7 items that have the strongest clinical evidence for smoking cessation.

Results
Most facilities (87.7%) reported that a majority of their clients were asked if they smoke cigarettes. Nearly half of facilities (48.6%) reported that a majority of their smoking clients were advised to quit. Fewer (23.3%) reported that a majority of their smoking clients received tobacco treatment counseling and even fewer facilities (18.3%) reported a majority of their smoking clients were advised to use quit smoking medications. The median facility ITTQ score was 2.57 (on a scale of 1–5) and the ITTQ displayed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .844). Moreover, the ITTQ had substantial test-retest reliability (.856), and ordinal confirmatory factor analysis found that our one-factor model for ITTQ fit the data very well with a CFI of 0.997 and an RMSEA of 0.042.

Conclusions
The ITTQ is a brief and reliable tool for measuring tobacco treatment quality in substance abuse treatment facilities. Given the clear-cut room for improvement in tobacco treatment, the ITTQ could be an important tool for quality improvement by identifying service levels, facilitating goal setting, and measuring change.
Inoculation of Triatoma Virus (Dicistroviridae: Cripavirus) elicits a non-infective immune response in mice
Authors: Querido Jailson F B , Agirre Jon , Marti Gerardo A , Guérin Diego M A , Silva Marcelo Sousa 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundDicistroviridaeis a new family of small, non-enveloped, +ssRNA viruses pathogenic to both beneficial arthropods and insect pests. Little is known about the dicistrovirus replication mechanism or gene function, and any knowledge on these subjects comes mainly from comparisons with mammalian viruses from thePicornaviridaefamily. Due to its peculiar genome organization and characteristics of theper osviral transmission route, dicistroviruses make good candidates for use as biopesticides.Triatoma virus(TrV) is a pathogen ofTriatoma infestans(Hemiptera: Reduviidae), one of the main vectors of the human trypanosomiasis disease called Chagas disease. TrV was postulated as a potential control agent against Chagas’ vectors. Although there is no evidence that TrV nor other dicistroviruses replicate in species outside theInsectaclass, the innocuousness of these viruses in humans and animals needs to be ascertained.MethodsIn this study, RT-PCR and ELISA were used to detect the infectivity of this virus inMus musculusBALB/c mice.ResultsIn this study we have observed that there is no significant difference in the ratio IgG2a/IgG1 in sera from animals inoculated with TrV when compared with non-inoculated animals or mice inoculated only with non-infective TrV protein capsids.ConclusionsWe conclude that, under our experimental conditions, TrV is unable to replicate in mice. This study constitutes the first test to evaluate the infectivity of a dicistrovirus in a vertebrate animal model.
LUMINEX®: a new technology for the simultaneous identification of five Entamoeba spp. commonly found in human stools
Authors: Santos Helena Lúcia Carneiro , Bandyopadhyay Kakali , Bandea Rebecca , Peralta Regina Helena Saramago , Peralta José Mauro , Da Silva Alexandre Januário 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundSix species of the genusEntamoeba, i.e.,E. histolytica, E. dispar, E. moshkovskii, E. polecki, E. coli, and E. hartmaniican be found in human stools. Among these, onlyE. histolyticais considered to be pathogenic, causing intestinal and extra-intestinal disease, but it is morphologically identical toE. disparandE. moshkovskii. In general,E. polecki,E. coli, andE. hartmaniican be differentiated morphologically fromE. histolytica, but some of their diagnostic morphologic features may overlap creating issues for the differential diagnosis. Moreover, the previous inability to differentiate amongEntamoebaspecies has limited epidemiologic information onE histolytica. The objective of this study was to develop a rapid, high-throughput screening method using Luminex technique for the simultaneous detection and differentiation ofEntamoebaspecies.MethodsPCR amplification was performed with biotinylatedEntamoebasp 18S rRNA gene primers, designed to amplify a fragment ranging from 382 to 429 bp of theEntamoebaspp studied. Regions of this fragment that could differentiate amongE. histolytica,E. moshkovskii, E. dispar, E. hartmaniiandE. coliwere selected to design hybridization probes to link to Luminex beads. The assay was standardized with cloned DNA samples of each species and evaluated with 24 DNA extracts from samples obtained from individuals diagnosed with these amebas in their stools.ResultsUsing this approach we were able to correctly identifyE. histoltyica,E. dispar,E hartmanni,E. coliandE. moshkovskiiin all specimens studied. From twenty four samples tested by microscopy, PCR/DNA Sequencing and real-time PCR, 100% agreed with PCR-Luminex assay for identification ofE. dispar, E. moshkovskii, E. hartmanni, E. histolytica,andE. coli.ConclusionThese results show that this method could be used in the diagnostic detection ofEntamoebaspp in fecal samples. This diagnostic test was useful to clearly distinguish E histolytica from other species and also to strengthen epidemiologic data onEntamoebaspp.
An observational study on rhabdomyolysis in the intensive care unit. Exploring its risk factors and main complication: acute kidney injury
Authors: El-Abdellati Esmael , Eyselbergs Michiel , Sirimsi Halil , Hoof Viviane Van , Wouters Kristien , Verbrugghe Walter , Jorens Philippe G 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Because neither the incidence and risk factors for rhabdomyolysis in the ICU nor the dynamics of its main complication, i.e., rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) are well known, we retrospectively studied a large population of adult ICU patients (n = 1,769).

Methods
CK and sMb (serum myoglobin) and uMb (urinary myoglobin) were studied as markers of rhabdomyolysis and AKI (RIFLE criteria). Hemodialysis and mortality were used as outcome variables.

Results
Prolonged surgery, trauma, and vascular occlusions are associated with increasing CK values. CK correlates with sMb (p < 0.001) and peaks significantly later than sMb or uMb.
The logistic regression showed a positive correlation between CK and the development of AKI, with an OR of 2.21. Univariate logistic regression suggests that elevations of sMb and uMb are associated with the development of AKI, with odds ratios of 7.87 and 1.61 respectively. The ROC curve showed that for all three markers a significant correlation with AKI, for sMb with the greatest area under the curve. The best cutoff values for prediction of AKI were CK > 773 U/l; sMb > 368 μg/l and uMb > 38 μg/l respectively.

Conclusions
Because it also has extrarenal elimination kinetics, our data suggest that measuring myoglobin in patients at risk for rhabdomyolysis in the ICU may be useful.
Standard molar enthalpy of combustion and formation of quaternary ammonium tetrachlorozincate [n-CnH2n+1 N(CH3)3]2 ZnCl4
Authors: Ren Biyan , Zhang Shuying , Ruan Bei , Wu Kezhong , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The standard molar enthalpy of combustion (Δc
H
o
m) and formation (Δf
H
o
m) of quaternary ammonium tetrachlorozincate [n-CnH2n+1N(CH3)3]2ZnCl4 have been determined for the hydrocarbon chain length from even number 8 to 18 of carbon atoms (n) by an oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter. The results indicated that the values of Δc
H
o
m increased and Δf
H
o
m decreased with increasing chain length and showed a linear dependence on the number of carbon atoms, which were caused by that the order and rigidity of the hydrocarbon chain decreased with increasing the carbon atoms. The linear regression equations are -Δc
H
o
m =1440.50n +3730.67 and -Δf
H
o
m = −85.32n + 1688.22.
Role of Thyroid Hormone Receptor Subtypes α and β on Gene Expression in the Cerebral Cortex and Striatum of Postnatal Mice
Authors: Gil-Ibañez Pilar , Morte Beatriz , Bernal Juan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe effects of thyroid hormones (THs) on brain development and function are largely mediated by the control of gene expression. This is achieved by the binding of the genomically active T3 to transcriptionally active nuclear TH receptors (TRs). T3 and the TRs can either induce or repress transcription. In hypothyroidism, the reduction of T3 lowers the expression of a set of genes, the positively regulated genes, and increases the expression of negatively regulated genes. Two mechanisms may account for the effect of hypothyroidism on genes regulated directly by T3: first, the loss of T3 signaling and TR transactivation, and second, an intrinsic activity of the unliganded TRs directly responsible for repression of positive genes and enhancement of negative genes. To analyze the contribution of the TR subtypes α and β, we have measured by RT-PCR the expression of a set of positive and negative genes in the cerebral cortex and the striatum of TR-knockout male and female mice. The results indicate that TRα1 exerts a predominant but not exclusive role in the regulation of positive and negative genes. However, a fraction of the genes analyzed are not or only mildly affected by the total absence of TRs. Furthermore, hypothyroidism has a mild effect on these genes in the absence of TRα1, in agreement with a role of unliganded TRα1 in the effects of hypothyroidism.
Longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) diversity in a fragmented temperate forest landscape
Authors: Pavuk Daniel M , Wadsworth Andrea M 
Published: March 2013

Longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) are an important component of temperate forest ecosystems. We trapped longhorned beetles in forests in northwest Ohio during 2008 to test the hypothesis that larger forests have greater species diversity than smaller forests. Large forests had a significantly greater cerambycid species richness than small forests (t = 3.16. P = 0.02), and there was a significant relationship between forest size and cerambycid species richness.
Come together: Forging publics in Brisbane’s Gallery of modern Art
Authors: Coombs Gretchen , O’Connor Justin 
Published: March 2013

The Gallery of Modern Art (GoMA) in Brisbane, Australia’s third largest city, recently staged ‘21st Century: Art of the First Decade’. The gallery spaces were replete with a commissioned slide by Carsten Höller, an installation of Rivane Neuenschwande’s
I Wish Your Wish (2003), a table of white Legos, a room of purple balloons and other participatory or interactive artworks designed to engage multiple publics and encourage audience participation in a variety of ways. Many of the featured projects used day-to-day experiences and offered new
conceptions about art practice and what they can elicit in their public – raise awareness about local issues, help audiences imagine different ways of negotiating their environs or experi-ence a museum in a new way. At times, the bottom floor galleries resembled a theme park –
adults and children playing with Legos and using Höller’s slide.
This article examines the benefits and limitations of such artistic interventions by relating the GoMA exhibition to Brisbane City Council’s campaign of ‘Together Brisbane’ (featuring images of
Neunenschwande’s ribbons); a response to the devastation brought to the city and its surrounds in January 2011. During the Brisbane floods, GoMA’s basement was damaged, the museum closed and upon reopening, visitor numbers soared. In this context, GoMA’s use of engaged art
practice – always verging on the ephemeral and ‘fun’ – has been used to project a wider notion of a collective urban public. What questions does this raise, not only regarding the cultural politics around the social and participatory ‘turn’ in art practice,
but its use to address a much wider urban public in a moment of crisis.
Color sensitivity of the multi-exposure HDR imaging process
Authors: Lenseigne Boris , Jacobs Valéry Ann , Withouck Martijn , Hanselaer Peter , Jonker Pieter P. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Multi-exposure high dynamic range(HDR) imaging builds HDR radiance maps by stitching together different views of a same scene with varying exposures. Practically, this process involves converting raw sensor data into low dynamic range (LDR) images, estimate the camera response curves, and use them in order to recover the irradiance for every pixel. During the export, applying white balance settings and image stitching, which both have an influence on the color balance in the final image. In this paper, we use a calibrated quasi-monochromatic light source, an integrating sphere, and a spectrograph in order to evaluate and compare the average spectral response of the image sensor. We finally draw some conclusion about the color consistency of HDR imaging and the additional steps necessary to use multi-exposure HDR imaging as a tool to measure the physical quantities such as radiance and luminance.
Red cell indices: differentiation between β-thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anemia and application to sickle cell disease and sickle cell thalassemia
Authors: Sahli Chaima A. , Bibi Amina , Ouali Faida , Fredj Sondess Hadj , Dakhlaoui Boutheina , Othmani Rym , Laaouini Naouel , Jouini Latifa , Ouenniche Fekria , Siala Hajer , Touhami Imed , Becher Mariem , Fattoum Slaheddine , El Houda Toumi Nour , Messaoud Taieb 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background: In Tunisia, thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SS) represent the most prevalent monogenic hemoglobin disorders with 2.21% and 1.89% of carriers, respectively. This study aims to evaluate the diagnosis reliability of 12 red blood cell (RBC) indices in differentiation of β-thalassemia trait (β-TT) from iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and between homozygous SS and sickle cell thalassemia (ST).

Methods: The study covered 384 patients divided into three groups. The first one is composed of 145 control group, the second consists of 57 β-TT and 52 IDA subjects and the last one with 88 SS and 42 ST patients. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive values, negative-predictive values, percentage of correctly identified patients and Youden’s Index (YI) for each indice. We also established new cut-off values by receiver operating characteristic curves for each indice. An evaluation study was performed on another population composed of 106 β-TT, 125 IDA, 31 SS, and 17 ST patients.

Results: Srivastava Index (SI) shows the highest reliability in discriminating β-TT from IDA at 5.17 as a cut-off and also SS from ST with 7.7 as another threshold. Mentzer Index (MI) and RBC appear also useful in both groups with new cut-offs slightly different from those described in literature for β-TT and IDA.

Conclusions: The effectiveness and the simplicity of calculation of these indices make them acceptable and easy to use. They can be relied on for differential diagnosis and even for diagnosis of β-TT with atypical HbA2 levels.
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the oral cavity during pregnancy
Authors: Ghadimi-Mahani Mohsen , McDonnold Mollie A. , Jana Bagi , Markowitz Avi , Willis Maurice , Harirah Hassan 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Head and neck cancer in pregnancy is a rare disease and difficult to manage. Few case reports exist in the medical literature. We present the case of a pregnant woman with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. While initial management in the general population may consist of surgery and, if not possible, concomitant chemotherapy and radiation, these modalities were not an option for this patient given her pregnant state. As an alternative, she was treated through gestation with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. She experienced significant reduction in tumor size and associated symptoms, and fetal growth remained normal and there were no fetal myelosuppresive effects noted at birth. Risks of chemotherapy and radiation in pregnancy are reviewed.
Extensions of tame algebras and
finite group schemes of domestic representation type
Authors: Farnsteiner Rolf 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Let k be an algebraically closed field. Given an extension A : B of finite-dimensional k-algebras, we establish criteria ensuring that the representation-theoretic notion of polynomial growth is preserved under ascent and descent. These results are then used to show that principal blocks of finite group schemes of odd characteristic are of polynomial growth if and only if they are Morita equivalent to trivial extensions of radical square zero tame hereditary algebras. In that case, the blocks are of domestic representation type and the underlying
group schemes are closely related to binary polyhedral group schemes.
The influence of lathe check depth and orientation on the bond quality of phenol-formaldehyde – bonded birch plywood
Authors: Rohumaa Anti , Hunt Christopher G. , Hughes Mark , Frihart Charles R. , Logren Janne 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
During the rotary peeling of veneer for plywood or the laminated veneer lumber manufacture, checks are formed in the veneer that are as deep as 70–80% of the veneer thickness. The results of this study show that, during adhesive bond testing, deep lathe checks in birch (Betula pendula Roth.) veneer significantly reduce the shear strength and the percent wood failure of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) – bonded plywood. The results also show that specimens tested with the checks pulled open or closed can fail by different mechanisms. Dried rotary peeled birch veneers were sanded to create uniform surfaces with lathe check depths varying from 30% to 90% of veneer thickness. Then, 7-ply plywood was manufactured with a commercial PF resin. After the preparation of the test specimens, the check depth of each specimen was measured microscopically. Subsequently, bond quality was measured according to EN 314. The results show that veneer checking alone can bring EN 314 specimens to the brink of failure even with an excellent adhesive. These findings stress the importance of measuring the depth of lathe checks and considering the orientations of checks during the testing to get a better understanding of bond quality in veneer-based products.
Cyclophilin D as a potential target for antioxidants in neurodegeneration: the X-ALD case
Authors: López-Erauskin Jone , Ferrer Isidre , Galea Elena , Pujol Aurora 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a severe inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by adrenal insufficiency and graded damage in the nervous system. Loss of function of the peroxisomal ABCD1 fatty-acid transporter, resulting in the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids in organs and plasma, is the genetic cause. Treatment with a combination of antioxidants halts the axonal degeneration and locomotor impairment displayed by the animal model of X-ALD, and is a proof of concept that oxidative stress contributes to axonal damage. New evidence demonstrates that metabolic failure and the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore orchestrated by cyclophilin D underlies oxidative stress-induced axonal degeneration. Thus, cyclophilin D could serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of X-ALD and cyclophilin D-dependent neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative diseases.