bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of DFS Tuning on Java Server Workload
Authors: Oi Hitoshi 
Published: October 2015

Dynamic frequency scaling (DFS) is a feature commonly found in modern processors. It lowers the clock frequency of a core according to the load level and reduces the power consumption. In this paper, we present a case study of tuning DFS parameters on a platform with an AMD Phenom II X6 using the SPECjEnterprise2010 (jEnt10) and SPECjbb2005 (jbb05) as the workload. In jEnt10, a longer sampling period of core utilization (up to 1.5[Formula: see text]s) reduced the power by 6[Formula: see text]Watt at 25% load level. At 50% load level, combining it with an increased threshold level (98%) to switch the clock frequency further reduced the power consumption by up to 10[Formula: see text]Watt. In jbb05, stretching the sampling period was only effective up to 0.5[Formula: see text]s. The maximum reduction was observed at around 60% load level. Raising the threshold level was not effective for jbb05.
Proposal and Properties of Ring Oscillator-Based PUF on FPGA
Authors: Kodýtek Filip , Lórencz Róbert 
Published: October 2015

This paper deals with design of physical unclonable functions (PUFs) based on field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The goal was to propose a cheap, efficient and secure device identification or even a cryptographic key generation based on PUFs. Therefore, a design of a ring oscillator (RO)-based PUF producing more output bits from each RO pair is presented. 24 Digilent Basys 2 FPGA boards (Spartan-3E) and 6 Digilent Nexys 3 FPGA boards (Spartan-6) were tested and statistically evaluated indicating suitability of the proposed design for device identification. A stable PUF output is required for generating cryptographic keys. As post-processing technique to further improve the efficiency of this PUF design, we used Gray code on the obtained bits from RO pairs. Ultimately, the PUF design is combined with error correction code and together with Gray code is able to generate cryptographic keys of sufficient length.
Efficacy and Safety of Platelet Glycoprotein Receptor Blockade in Aged and Comorbid Mice With Acute Experimental Stroke
Authors: Kraft Peter , Schuhmann Michael K. , Fluri Felix , Lorenz Kristina , Zernecke Alma , Stoll Guido , Nieswandt Bernhard , Kleinschnitz Christoph 
Published: October 2015

Background and Purpose—
Despite the medical and socioeconomic effect of ischemic stroke and extensive preclinical research, treatment options for ischemic stroke are limited. We recently identified and characterized essential steps of thrombus formation in stroke and demonstrated that inhibition of the platelet glycoprotein (GP) receptors Ib and VI, but not IIb/IIIa, protects young and healthy mice from ischemic neurodegeneration. Whether these findings translate to the clinic remains unclear. Considering that the typical stroke patient is elderly with comorbidity, we aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of novel preclinical antithrombotics in adult and comorbid mice with acute experimental stroke.

Methods—

We subjected adult, healthy, atherosclerotic (
Ldlr
−/−
), diabetic (streptozotocin treated), and hypertensive (
RenTgMK
) mice to a 60-minute transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Animals were pretreated with anti-GPVI antibodies or treated 1 hour after stroke induction with anti-GPIb or anti-GPIIb/IIIa antigen–binding fragments, respectively. Isotype treatment served as control. Twenty-four hours after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, we visually assessed the intracerebral hemorrhage rate and measured infarct volumes (using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride–stained brain slices) and functional outcome (using Bederson and grip-test scores).

Results—
GPIb and GPVI inhibition protected the mice from ischemic stroke without increasing bleeding complications. In contrast, GPIIb/IIIa inhibition was not protective but increased the intracerebral hemorrhage rate.

Conclusions—
Inhibition of early steps of thrombus formation protects adult and comorbid mice from ischemic stroke. The use of clinically meaningful mouse strains might improve the translation of preclinical stroke research to the clinic.
Comprehensive Coach Education Reduces Head Impact Exposure in American Youth Football
Authors: Kerr Zachary Y. , Yeargin Susan W. , Valovich McLeod Tamara C. , Mensch James , Hayden Ross , Dompier Thomas P. 
Published: October 2015

Background: Despite little evidence that defines a threshold of head impact exposure or that participation in youth sports leads to long-term cognitive impairments, it is prudent to identify methods of reducing the frequency of head impacts. Purpose: To compare the mean number of head impacts between youth football players in practice and games between leagues that implemented the Heads Up Football (HUF) educational program and those that did not (NHUF). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: During the 2014 season, head impact exposure was measured using xPatch accelerometers from 70 youth football players aged 8 to 15 years from 5 leagues. Data were collected during both games and practices. The NHUF group comprised 32 players from 8 teams within 3 leagues. The HUF group comprised 38 players from 7 teams within 2 leagues. Independent-sample t tests evaluated differences in head impact exposure across groups (ie, HUF and NHUF). Results: Players (mean ± SD: age, 11.7 ± 1.4 years; height, 152.2 ± 10.5 cm; weight, 51.6 ± 9.6 kg) experienced a total of 7478 impacts over 10 g, of which 4250 (56.8%) and 3228 (43.2%) occurred in practices and games, respectively. The majority of impacts occurred within the NHUF group (62.0%), followed by the HUF group (38.0%). With a 10 g impact threshold, the mean number of impacts during practice per individual event was lower in the HUF group (mean ± SD, 5.6 ± 2.9) than in the NHUF group (mean ± SD, 8.9 ± 3.1; difference, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.9-3.9). This difference was attenuated when the threshold was changed to 20 g but remained significant (difference, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7-1.3). At both the 10 g and 20 g impact thresholds, no differences were found in games. Conclusion: Players who participated in HUF leagues accumulated fewer head impacts per practice at both the 10 g and 20 g thresholds. Youth football leagues should consider the HUF educational program, while exploring additional interventions, to help reduce the number of head impacts in players.
Color vision varies more among populations than among species of live-bearing fish from South America
Authors: Sandkam Benjamin A. , Young C. Megan , Breden Frances Margaret Walker , Bourne Godfrey R. , Breden Felix 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
Sensory Bias models for the evolution of mate preference place a great emphasis on the role of sensory system variation in mate preferences. However, the extent to which sensory systems vary across- versus within-species remains largely unknown. Here we assessed whether color vision varies in natural locations where guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and their two closest relatives, Poecilia parae and Poecilia picta, occur in extreme sympatry and school together. All three species base mate preferences on male coloration but differ in the colors preferred.

Results
Measuring opsin gene expression, we found that within sympatric locations these species have similar color vision and that color vision differed more across populations of conspecifics. In addition, all three species differ across populations in the frequency of the same opsin coding polymorphism that influences visual tuning.

Conclusions
Together, this shows sensory systems vary considerably across populations and supports the possibility that sensory system variation is involved in population divergence of mate preference.
Combination therapy of menstrual derived mesenchymal stem cells and antibiotics ameliorates survival in sepsis
Authors: Alcayaga-Miranda Francisca , Cuenca Jimena , Martin Aldo , Contreras Luis , Figueroa Fernando E. , Khoury Maroun 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome associated with a severe systemic inflammation induced by infection. Although different anti-microbial drugs have been used as treatments, morbidity and mortality rates remain high. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the bone marrow have demonstrated a partial protective effect in sepsis. Menstrual derived MSCs (MenSCs) emerge as an attractive candidate because they present important advantages over other sources, including improved proliferation rates and paracrine response under specific stress conditions. Here, we evaluate their therapeutic effect in a polymicrobial severe sepsis model.

Methods
The antimicrobial activity of MenSCs was determined in vitro through direct and indirect bacterial growth assays and the measurement of the expression levels of different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The therapeutic effect of MenSCs was determined in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse model. Mice were then treated with antibiotics (AB) or MenSCs alone or in combination. The survival rates and histological and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and the systemic levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as the response of specific lymphocyte subsets were determined by flow cytometry.

Results
MenSCs exerted an important antimicrobial effect in vitro, mediated by a higher expression of the AMP-hepcidin. In the CLP mouse model, MenSCs in synergy with AB (a) improved the survival rate (95 %) in comparison with saline (6 %), AB (73 %), and MenSCs alone (48 %) groups; (b) enhanced bacterial clearance in the peritoneal fluids and blood; (c) reduced organ injuries evaluated by lower concentrations of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase; and (d) modulated the inflammatory response through reduction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines without significant loss of T and B lymphocytes.

Conclusions
We conclude that MenSCs in combination with AB enhance survival in CLP-induced sepsis by acting on multiples targets. MenSCs thus constitute a feasible approach for the future clinical treatment of sepsis.
High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of the Lebeckia ambigua-nodulating Burkholderia sp. strain WSM4176
Authors: De Meyer Sofie E. , Tian Rui , Seshadri Rekha , Reddy TBK , Markowitz Victor , Ivanova Natalia , Pati Amrita , Woyke Tanja , Kyrpides Nikos , Yates Ron , Howieson John , Reeve Wayne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBurkholderia sp. strain WSM4176 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that was isolated from an effective N2-fixing root nodule of Lebeckia ambigua collected in Nieuwoudtville, Western Cape of South Africa, in October 2007. This plant persists in infertile, acidic and deep sandy soils, and is therefore an ideal candidate for a perennial based agriculture system in Western Australia. Here we describe the features of Burkholderia sp. strain WSM4176, which represents a potential inoculant quality strain for L. ambigua, together with sequence and annotation. The 9,065,247 bp high-quality-draft genome is arranged in 13 scaffolds of 65 contigs, contains 8369 protein-coding genes and 128 RNA-only encoding genes, and is part of the GEBA-RNB project proposal (Project ID 882).
High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of the Mimosa asperata - nodulating Cupriavidus sp. strain AMP6
Authors: De Meyer Sofie E. , Parker Matthew , Van Berkum Peter , Tian Rui , Seshadri Rekha , Reddy T.B.K. , Markowitz Victor , Ivanova Natalia , Pati Amrita , Woyke Tanja , Kyrpides Nikos , Howieson John , Reeve Wayne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCupriavidus sp. strain AMP6 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that was isolated from a root nodule of Mimosa asperata collected in Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Texas, in 2005. Mimosa asperata is the only legume described so far to exclusively associates with Cupriavidus symbionts. Moreover, strain AMP6 represents an early-diverging lineage within the symbiotic Cupriavidus group and has the capacity to develop an effective nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with three other species of Mimosa. Therefore, the genome of Cupriavidus sp. strain AMP6 enables comparative analyses of symbiotic trait evolution in this genus and here we describe the general features, together with sequence and annotation. The 7,579,563 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged in 260 scaffolds of 262 contigs, contains 7,033 protein-coding genes and 97 RNA-only encoding genes, and is part of the GEBA-RNB project proposal.
Education premiums and skilled migration: Lessons for an educational policy
Authors: Tigau Camelia , Bolaños Guerra Bernardo 
Published: October 2015

This paper examines the relationship between skills prices (wage premiums) and inequality in migrant sending countries (mainly from Latin America) and explores the implications for education policies. Most of the evidence is based on the case of Mexico, a Latin American country that is also an Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development (OECD) member. Despite the belief that Latin American countries tend to pay less for their skilled workers than developed countries, they invest a considerable amount of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in education and sometimes in scholarships abroad. Therefore, our main question is: Are skill prices really so proportionately low in Latin America? Likewise, what are the impacts of skills prices on migration in Latin America, and Mexico in particular? And, what is the importance of “brain drain” in terms of the relationship between migration and education? We find that despite the enormous inequality in the region, skills prices are not low. Furthermore, high expenditures on education combined with low skills prices do not necessarily result in brain drain. Other factors, such as perceptions of insecurity and corruption, have a stronger effect on the migration of Mexican professionals. Likewise, although high skills prices may lead to economic development, they may also increase social inequality, leading to greater brain drain. Therefore, the expansion of higher education is recommendable even if it reduces salaries and wage premiums in the short term.
Коммуникационное влияние на современные социальные изменения
Authors: Макаревич Эдуард Федорович 
Published: October 2015

<p>В статье анализируется феномен коммуникационной культуры, которая стала движущей силой социальных изменений. Рассматриваются особенности современной информационной среды, механизм коммуникационного влияния. </p>
Деятельность молодых волонтеров в современной России
Authors: Бурцев Сергей Петрович , Дворянцева Юлия Михайловна 
Published: October 2015

<p>В статье анализируется молодежное волонтерское движение в России; дается характеристика его участникам; описываются причины и побудительные мотивы вовлечения молодых людей в этот процесс, выявляются позитивные и негативные эффекты деятельности волонтеров. </p>
Семантика неопределенности в рассказе А. П. Чехова «Попрыгунья»
Authors: Ясинская Милена Борисовна 
Published: October 2015

<p>В статье анализируются способы выражения семантики неопределённости в тексте рассказа А. П. Чехова «Попрыгунья»; определяется интенциональная направленность текста и восприятие его реципиентом. </p>
Solano Constâncio e Soares Barbosa: embates gramaticais
Authors: Molina Márcia Antonia Guedes 
Published: October 2015

RESUMO:
O último quartel do século XIX deu-se, no Brasil, o que Auroux (1989) chama de gramatização, ou seja, foram lançadas gramáticas feitas por brasileiros, umas filiadas aos preceitos das de inspiração filosófica, outras, das seguidoras do modelo Histórico-Comparativo. Essas duas maneiras de se conceberem os estudos gramaticais geravam polêmicas, como a havida entre Rui Barbosa e Ernesto Carneiro Ribeiro. Nosso objetivo neste trabalho foi analisar as provocações a Soares Barbosa, feitas por Solano Constâncio em sua gramática, em especial, na Etimologia. Ao final das análises, apoiadas na História das Ideias Linguísticas e na História Cultural, percebemos que as críticas deram-se, sobretudo, em virtude de suas filiações.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Século XIX - Gramáticas - Francisco Solano Constâncio - Jerônimo Soares Barbosa – Embates
O verbo na tradição gramatical brasileira
Authors: Fávero Leonor Lopes 
Published: October 2015

RESUMO:
O trabalho examina o verbo na produção gramatical brasileira do século XIX, à luz da História das Idéias Lingüísticas, lembrando que pesquisadores, apesar da dificuldade ou mesmo impossibilidade de uma partição rígida, reconhecem dois momentos na produção gramatical brasileira do século: um sob a égide da gramática geral e filosófica e outro, a partir de 1881, com a publicação da Gramática portuguesa de Júlio Ribeiro. Ao final do trabalho podemos dizer que as obras publicadas até 1881 foram marcadas exclusivamente pelos pressupostos da gramática geral e filosófica e , no caso de nosso objeto de análise – o verbo – predominantemente, pela utilização de critérios semânticos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Gramáticas - Século XIX - Verbo
Os advérbios de lugar no tesoro de covarrubias (1611)
Authors: Henríquez Salido Maria do Carmo 
Published: October 2015

RESUMO:
Neste artigo apresenta-se uma nota biográfica sobre “o primeiro grande tesoureiro do idioma” e alguns dados da obra analisada (o objetivo primordial, as fontes, os múltiplos campos do saber e a ingente erudição). Comentam-se as confusões e dificuldades evidentes na história da lingüística, no que diz respeito a se uma mesma forma lingüística devia estar no inventário dos advérbios, no das preposições ou nas duas categorias, pois que sob o rótulo advérbio se incluem palavras difíceis de classificar. Estudam-se os advérbios de lugar, a partir das fontes conhecidas pelo autor (nomeadamente NEBRIJA): os advérbios demonstrativos (acá/ allá/ acullá...), de natureza referencial, e os advérbios de direção, que indicam o lugar onde alguém está, distribuídos em pares de antônimos (delante/ detrás...).

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
historiografia lingüística; lexicografia; classes de palavras; advérbios
A “Grammatica Brasileira” do século XIX
Authors: Leite Marli Quadros 
Published: October 2015

RESUMO:
O foco deste texto é o exame de uma gramática brasileira do século XIX, Grammatica brasileira ou arte de falar, conforme as regras de Manuel Borges Carneiro, de autor anônimo. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: i) verificar se a variedade brasileira da língua portuguesa é objeto de análise na obra; ii) investigar pistas que levem a seu provável autor. A busca pela resposta ao problema desta pesquisa funda-se em princípios da História das ideias linguísticas, tais como gramatização e horizonte de retrospecção (Auroux 1992, 2006, 2007), pelos quais verificaremos se Luís Maria da Silva Pinto, autor do Dicionário da língua brasileira (1832), é também o autor dessa gramática, cuja denominação refere o local de origem da obra, mas ela, em si, não traz dados linguísticos que caracterizam o português do Brasil.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
gramática brasileira, horizonte de retrospecção, gramatização, língua portuguesa, história das ideias linguísticas, historiografia linguística.
A primeira descrição da língua portuguesa na Alemanha: o Hexaglotton (1762) de Ignaz Weitenauer (1709-1783)
Authors: Kemmler Rolf , Coelho Sónia , Fontes Susana 
Published: October 2015

RESUMO:
O presente artigo oferece uma introdução às “Institutiones lusitanicæ”, que constituem uma das seis partes da gramática poliglota Hexaglotton alterum, docens linguas anglicam, germanicam, belgicam, latinam, lusitanicam, et syriacam, ut intra brevissimum tempus ope lexici libros explicare discas (1762) do jesuíta alemão Ignaz Weitenauer. Na brevidade de umas 28 páginas, o pequeno tratado metalinguístico visa apresentar o português como língua estrangeira a um público germanófono, sendo, com efeito, a primeira obra metalinguística dedicada ao português dentro daquele espaço linguístico.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Historiografia linguística; Português como língua estrangeira; Ignaz Weitenauer; Companhia de Jesus; Língua portuguesa
Implementing Fringing Field Sensors in PCB Technology
Authors: Dean Robert , Rane Aditi , Stevens Colin , Baginski Michael , Hartzog Zane , Elton David 
Published: October 2015

Interdigitated electrode structures are well suited for realizing capacitors where a significant percentage of the total capacitance in due to the out of plane fringing fields. An object that interferes with the fringing fields will then change the measurable capacitance between the electrodes. Therefore this configuration can be used as a sensor for the object that interferes with the fringing fields and is called a capacitive fringing field sensor. These types of sensors have been used in many applications, such as water detection, moisture content measurement and as proximity switches.
Printed circuit board (PCB) technology is particularly useful for realizing this type of sensor architecture. The interdigitated electrode structures can be patterned in the Cu cladding on one or both sides of the substrate. The solder mask coating can then be used to insulate the electrodes to prevent shorting in the presence of water or other conductive substances. The size and spacing of the electrode structures can be optimized to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor to the measurand of interest. The implementation of this type of sensor in PCB technology has several advantages when compared to traditional MEMS technologies. External electronics can readily be attached to the PCB substrate. Very large sensor panels can be manufactured easily and economically. Other types of MEMS sensors have been implemented in PCB technology in recent years. This sensor is compatible with those types of sensors and could be used to augment sensor suites implemented in PCB MEMS technology. Demonstration prototype fringing field sensors were implemented in PCB technology for measuring the mass of small quantities of water, for measuring soil moisture content and for use as capacitive touch switches.
Electrolytic Solder Deposit for Next Generation Flip Chip Solder Bumping
Authors: Kenny Stephen , Lamprecht Sven , Matejat Kai , Roelfs Bernd 
Published: October 2015

Electrolytic Solder Deposit for Current methods for the formation of pre-solder bumps for flip chip attachment use stencil printing techniques with an appropriate solder paste. The continuing trend towards increasing miniaturisation and the associated decrease in size of solder resist opening, SRO is causing production difficulties with the stencil printing process. Practical experience of production yields has shown that stencil printing will not be able to meet future requirements for solder bump pitch production below 0.15 mm for these applications.
This paper describes a novel approach to replace the stencil printing process by use of an electrolytic deposition of solder. In contrast to stencil printing, use of electrolytic deposition techniques allows production of solder bumps with a pitch below 0.15 mm and with a SRO below 80 μm.
Methods for production of electrolytic solder bumps based on pure tin as well as alloys of tin/copper and also tin/silver are shown and in particular a method to control the alloy concentration of electroplated tin/copper bumps. Test results with both alloy systems and also pure tin bumping are presented together with comparison of the advantages and disadvantages.
The general advantages of replacement of stencil printing by electrolytic deposition of solder bumps are shown and in particular the improvement of bump reliability and the potential to significantly decrease costs by yield improvement.