bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
n-3 fatty acid-enriched parenteral nutrition regimens in elective surgical and ICU patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Pradelli Lorenzo , Mayer Konstantin , Muscaritoli Maurizio , Heller Axel R 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Previous studies and a meta-analysis in surgical patients indicate that supplementing parenteral nutrition regimens with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is associated with improved laboratory and clinical outcomes in the setting of hyper-inflammatory conditions. Refined or synthetic fish oils are commonly used as a source of EPA and DHA. The objective of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate n-3 PUFA-enriched parenteral nutrition regimens in elective surgical and intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods
Medline was searched for randomized controlled trials comparing n-3 PUFA-enriched lipid emulsions with standard non-enriched lipid emulsions (i.e. soybean oil, MCT/LCT or olive/soybean oil emulsions) in surgical and ICU patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Extracted data were pooled by means of both random and fixed effects models, and subgroup analyses were carried forward to compare findings in ICU versus non-ICU patients.

Results
A total of 23 studies (n = 1502 patients: n = 762 admitted to the ICU) were included. No statistically significant difference in mortality rate was found between patients receiving n-3 PUFA-enriched lipid emulsions and those receiving standard lipid emulsions (RR= 0.89; 0.59, 1.33), possibly reflecting a relatively low underlying mortality risk. However, n-3 PUFA-enriched emulsions are associated with a statistically and clinically significant reduction in the infection rate (RR =0.61; 0.45, 0.84) and the lengths of stay, both in the ICU (-1.92; -3.27, -0.58) and in hospital overall (-3.29; -5.13, -1.45). Other beneficial effects included reduced markers of inflammation, improved lung gas exchange, liver function, antioxidant status and fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids, and a trend towards less impairment of kidney function.

Conclusions
These results confirm and extend previous findings, indicating that n-3 PUFAs-enriched parenteral nutrition regimens are safe and effective in reducing the infection rate and hospital/ICU stay in surgical and ICU patients.
Reversal of Vitamin K Antagonist (VKA) effect in patients with severe bleeding: a French multicenter observational study (Optiplex) assessing the use of Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC) in current clinical practice
Authors: Desmettre Thibaut , Dehours Emilie , Samama Charles-Marc , Jhundoo Suchin , Pujeau Frédéric , Guillaudin Christian , Hecquart Claudine , Clerson Pierre , Crave Jean Charles , Jaussaud Roland 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC) is a key treatment in the management of bleeding related to Vitamin K antagonists (VKA). This study aimed to evaluate prospectively PCC use in patients with VKA-related bleeding in view of the French guidelines published in 2008.

Methods
All consecutive patients with VKA-related bleeding treated with a 4-factor PCC (Octaplex®) were selected in 33 French hospitals. Collected data included demographics, site and severity of bleeding, modalities of PCC administration, International Normalized Ratio (INR) values before and after PCC administration, outcomes and survival rate 15 days after infusion.

Results
Of 825 patients who received PCC between August 2008 and December 2010, 646 had severe bleeding. The main haemorrhage sites were intracranial (43.7%) and abdominal (24.3%). Mean INR before PCC was 4.4 ± 1.9; INR was unavailable in 12.5% of patients. The proportions of patients who received a PCC dose according to guidelines were 15.8% in patients with initial INR 2-2.5, 41.5% in patients with INR 2.5-3, 40.8% in patients with INR 3-3.5, 26.9% in patients with INR > 3.5, and 63.5% of patients with unknown INR. Vitamin K was administered in 84.7% of patients. The infused dose of PCC did not vary with initial INR; the mean dose was 25.3 ± 9.8 IU/Kg. Rates of controlled bleeding and target INR achievement were similar, regardless of whether or not patients were receiving PCC doses as per the guidelines. No differences in INR after PCC treatment were observed, regardless of whether or not vitamin K was administered. INR was first monitored after a mean time frame of 4.5 ± 5.6 hours post PCC. The overall survival rate at 15 days after PCC infusion was 75.4% (65.1% in patients with intracranial haemorrhage). A better prognosis was observed in patients reaching the target INR.

Conclusions
Severe bleeding related to VKA needs to be better managed, particularly regarding the PCC infused dose, INR monitoring and administration of vitamin K. A dose of 25 IU/kg PCC appears to be efficacious in achieving a target INR of 1.5. Further studies are required to assess whether adjusting PCC dose and/or better management of INR would improve outcomes.
Polypropylene + boehmite nanocomposite fibers
Authors: Škovranová Lubica , Borsig Eberhard , Streller Rouven , Thomann Ralf , Mülhaupt Rolf , Ujhelyiová Anna , Berek Dušan , Patsiga Robert A. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The influence of nanosized filler particles on mechanical properties of composite fibers has some specific features related to the fiber matrix, its preparation and the filler content, as well as the orientation of the fibers at their drawing. This paper discusses the manner of dispersion of chemically unmodified boehmite type nanofiller, Disperal 40 (D40) or Disperal 60 (D60) in polypropylene (iPP) fibers, and the influence of filler and its particle size on the tenacity, modulus and elongation of the iPP fibers. It was found that filler D40 was effective in increasing the tenacity only up to a content of about 1 wt% and in fibers prepared only at higher drawing ratios. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) pictures of the cut iPP+D40 or iPP+D60 fibers have shown the presence of aggregation of nanosized boehmite particles in all cases. A comparison of the effects of two different particle sized fillers on the mechanical properties of the isotactic PP (iPP) fibers showed that a small difference between the particle sizes of both kinds of filler plays some role regarding the tensile strength of the fibers. The iPP fibers containing a mixture of D40 and D60 showed some deviations from the expected sum of the effects of both fillers on their mechanical properties.
Genetic Interactions Between UNC-17/VAChT and a Novel Transmembrane Protein in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Mathews Eleanor A , Mullen Gregory P , Hodgkin Jonathan , Duerr Janet S , Rand James B 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The unc-17 gene encodes the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) in Caenorhabditis elegans. unc-17 reduction-of-function mutants are small, slow growing, and uncoordinated. Several independent unc-17 alleles are associated with a glycine-to-arginine substitution (G347R), which introduces a positive charge in the ninth transmembrane domain (TMD) of UNC-17. To identify proteins that interact with UNC-17/VAChT, we screened for mutations that suppress the uncoordinated phenotype of UNC-17(G347R) mutants. We identified several dominant allele-specific suppressors, including mutations in the sup-1 locus. The sup-1 gene encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein that is expressed in a subset of neurons and in body muscles. Two independent suppressor alleles of sup-1 are associated with a glycine-to-glutamic acid substitution (G84E), resulting in a negative charge in the SUP-1 TMD. A sup-1 null mutant has no obvious deficits in cholinergic neurotransmission and does not suppress unc-17 mutant phenotypes. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analysis demonstrated close association of SUP-1 and UNC-17 in synapse-rich regions of the cholinergic nervous system, including the nerve ring and dorsal nerve cords. These observations suggest that UNC-17 and SUP-1 are in close proximity at synapses. We propose that electrostatic interactions between the UNC-17(G347R) and SUP-1(G84E) TMDs alter the conformation of the mutant UNC-17 protein, thereby restoring UNC-17 function; this is similar to the interaction between UNC-17/VAChT and synaptobrevin.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Boron Phosphide Thin Films
Authors: Abbott Julia K.C. , Brasfield J. Daniel , Rack Philip D. , Duscher Gerd J. , Feigerle Charles S. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTBoron Phosphide (BP) is a promising material for use as a room temperature semiconductor detector of thermal neutrons. The absorption of a thermal neutron by a 10B nucleus in BP can yield 2.3MeV of energy which in solid state BP can yield ∼0.5 million electron-hole pairs that would be detectable with minimal amplification in a device. BP thin films are grown according to the net reaction below in a cold wall chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor: Thin film depositions are performed using diborane and phosphine with a balance of hydrogen gas at near atmospheric pressure with RF induction heating. The resultant BP films are characterized by Raman, XRD, SEM, TEM and TEM-EELS for chemical composition, surface and bulk morphology. BP growths on Si and SiC substrates are compared. SiC provides reduced lattice mismatch for growth of BP and growth of heteroepitaxial BP on SiC will be discussed.
Characteristics of polarization emission in a-plane GaN-based multiple quantum wells structures
Authors: Chang Chiao-Yun , Huang Huei-Min , Lu Tien-Chang , Kuo Hao-Chung , Wang Shing-Chung , Lai Chih Ming 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTWe studied the polarization-dependent photoluminescence (PL) of a-plane GaN /AlGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown on r-plane sapphire substrate with the various well width from 1.5 to 7.33 nm. To clarify the reasons of light emission polarization properties, we applied the 6×6 k‧p model to simulate the E-k dispersion relation and the wave functions to obtain the polarization optical transitions. According to the experimental result, the PL emission peak position exhibits a red-shifted with increasing well width, due to the reduction of the quantum confinement effect. The polarization ratio of a-plane GaN/AlGaN MQWs increased from 0.236 to 0.274 with increasing the quantum well width. This phenomenon is believed to be that y-polarized light emission gradually dominates the PL spectrum and thus enhances the polarization ratio.
Determination of AlGaN/GaN HEMT Reliability Using Optical Pumping as a Characterization Method
Authors: Cheney D. , Deist R. , Gila B. , Ren F. , Whiting P. , Navales J. , Douglas E. , Pearton S. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTBy pumping AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with below band-gap light we observe changes in drain current that correspond to the trapping and detrapping of carriers within the band-gap. These changes in drain current are indicators of trap density, since the energy from a specific wavelength of light pumps traps whose activation energies are less than or equal to that of the light source.AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on SiC with dual submicron gates with widths of 125nm, 140nm, or 170nm, are DC-stressed under three different conditions along a load line: VGS=0, VDS=5 (on-state), VGS=-2, VDS=9.2 and, VGS=-6, VDS=25 (off-state). The stress tests are interrupted at 20% degradation and the optically pumped comparisons to the baseline are measured.This paper describes the optical pumping technique and results from experiments of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs under the three DC stress biases along a load line.
The occupancy of the threading dislocation lines within n-type gallium nitride: Recent progress
Authors: Baghani Erfan , O’Leary Stephen K. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTWithin the framework of a grand partition function formalism, we examine the occupancy of the dangling bond dislocation defect sites and the VGa-ON dislocation defect sites within uncompensated n-type gallium nitride. The sensitivity of these results to variations in the unoccupied dislocation defect energy level is examined. We find that the VGa-ON dislocation defect sites’ greater capacity to store charge plays a large role in influencing the results, i.e., greater free electron and bulk donor concentrations are required in order to fully saturate the threading dislocation lines with charge.
8 MeV Proton Irradiation Damage and Its Recovery by Annealing on Single-Crystalline Zinc Oxide Crystals
Authors: Koike Kazuto , Fujimoto Ryugo , Wada Ryota , Sasa Shigehiko , Yano Mitsuaki , Gonda Shun-ichi , Ishigami Ryoya , Kume Kyo 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTII-VI compound semiconductor ZnO has a potential for high radiation hardness since large threshold displacement energy of constituent atoms can be expected due to the small unit-cell volume and large bandgap energy of 3.37 eV. In order to study the radiation hardness, singlecrystalline c-axis-oriented O-polar ZnO films with and without two-dimensional electron gas, a Zn-polar ZnO bulk crystal, and a Ga-polar GaN bulk crystal for comparison, were irradiated by an 8 MeV proton beam using a tandem-type accelerator. The radiation damage increased the electrical resistance and decreased the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of these samples with the increase of proton fluence over specific threshold values. In agreement with the expectation, ZnO samples were revealed to have superior radiation hardness; the threshold fluences for the deterioration of PL intensity were 3×1013 p/cm2 for the GaN bulk crystal, 2×1014 p/cm2 for the ZnO bulk crystal, and 5×1014 p/cm2 for the two ZnO films, in accordance with the order of the threshold fluences for the electrical resistance increase. The effect of post-irradiation annealing was also studied for these damaged bulk crystals; both electrical and optical properties of the ZnO bulk crystal were almost recovered to the pre-irradiation values, however, only the electrical properties of the GaN bulk crystal were recovered, by the annealing up to 700°C. Such a rapid recovery of the ZnO bulk crystal indicates the easy annihilation of Zn vacancy complexes acting as non-radiative centers by the recombination with interstitial Zn atoms. Since the migration barrier height energy of interstitial Zn atoms is known to be so small that it might occur even at room temperature, we ascribed the superior radiation hardness of ZnO crystals to the restoration of damage-induced defects by a self-annealing effect during irradiation.
Perron-Frobenius and Krein-Rutman theorems for tangentially positive operators
Authors: Kanigowski Adam , Kryszewski Wojciech 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
We study several aspects of a generalized Perron-Frobenius and Krein-Rutman theorems concerning spectral properties of a (possibly unbounded) linear operator on a cone in a Banach space. The operator is subject to the so-called tangency or weak range assumptions implying the resolvent invariance of the cone. The further assumptions rely on relations between the spectral and essential spectral bounds of the operator. In general we do not assume that the cone induces the Banach lattice structure into the underlying space.
Visual Prognosis and Complications following Silicone Oil Removal
Authors: Moisseiev Elad , Ohana Oded , Gershovitch Liron , Barak Adiel 
Published: October 2012

Purpose. To evaluate the visual prognosis and the occurrence of significant complications after silicone oil removal (SOR) in recent years and compare them to previously published data. Methods. A total of 89 eyes of 89 patients who underwent SOR and had at least 6 months of follow-up were included in this retrospective study. Recorded parameters included demographic information, previous ocular history, length of silicone oil retention in the eye, visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) prior to the SOR procedure and throughout the follow-up period, and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Results. Indications for silicone oil injection included perforating trauma (9%), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (6.7%), giant tear (7.8%), and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) (76.5%). After SOR, RRD, keratopathy, persistent hypotony, and elevated IOP occurred at rates of 21.3%, 11.2%, 10.1%, and 9%, respectively. Eyes with preoperative hypotony were significantly more likely to have persistent hypotony and a poor visual prognosis. Discussion. Our results provide a thorough contemporary analysis of the visual prognosis and complication rates after SOR. Avoiding SOR with long-term silicone oil retention may be advisable in hypotonous eyes.
Une typologie des pratiques de Crowdsourcing : l’externalisation vers la foule, au-delà du processus d’innovation1
Authors: Schenk Eric , Guittard Claude 
Published: October 2012

Notre contribution propose une définition opérationnelle du concept de crowdsourcing (CS) partant de la notion générale d’outsourcing. Une originalité de ce travail est de montrer que le phénomène de CS ne se limite pas uniquement à une modalité originale d’organisation de l’innovation. Nous proposons une typologie des pratiques de CS basée sur trois classes : tâche simple, tâche créative, et résolution de problèmes complexes. Ce travail de typologie offre également une clé pour comprendre les enjeux liés aux modèles d’affaires du CS, comme la motivation des participants, la confiance réciproque entre l’entreprise et la foule.
Evidence for association of bipolar disorder to haplotypes in the 22q12.3 region near the genes stargazin, ift27 and parvalbumin
Authors: Nissen Stephanie , Liang Sherri , Shehktman Tatyana , Kelsoe John R. ,   the Bipolar Genome Study (BiGS)
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe have previously reported genome‐wide significant linkage of bipolar disorder to a region on 22q12.3 near the marker D22S278. Towards identifying the susceptibility gene, we have conducted a fine‐mapping association study of the region in two independent family samples, an independent case–control sample and a genome‐wide association dataset. Two hundred SNPs were first examined in a 5 Mb region surrounding the D22S278 marker in a sample of 169 families and analyzed using PLINK. The peak of association was a haplotype near the genes stargazin (CACNG2), intraflagellar transport protein homolog 27 (IFT27) and parvalbumin (PVALB; P = 4.69 × 10−4). This peak overlapped a significant haplotype in a family based association study of a second independent sample of 294 families (P = 1.42 × 10−5). Analysis of the combined family sample yielded statistically significant evidence of association to a rare three SNP haplotype in the gene IFT27 (P = 8.89 × 10−6). Twelve SNPs comprising these haplotypes were genotyped in an independent sample of 574 bipolar I cases and 550 controls. Statistically significant association was found for a haplotype window that overlapped the region from the first two family samples (P = 3.43 × 10−4). However, analyses of the two family samples using the program LAMP, found no evidence for association in this region, but did yield significant evidence for association to a haplotype 3' of CACNG2 (P = 1.76 × 10−6). Furthermore, no evidence for association was found in a large genome‐wide association dataset. The replication of association to overlapping haplotypes in three independent datasets suggests the presence of a bipolar disorder susceptibility gene in this region. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Double flap technique for reconstruction of anterior skull base defects after craniofacial tumor resection: technical note
Authors: Anderson Eloy Jean , Choudhry Osamah J. , Christiano Lana D. , Ajibade Dare V. , Liu James K. 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundSuccessful reconstruction of large anterior skull base (ASB) defects after craniofacial resection of malignant skull base tumors is paramount for preventing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas. The vascularized pedicled pericranial flap (PCF) has been the gold standard for repairing ASB defects after transbasal transcranial approaches. However, flap necrosis and delayed CSF leaks can occur after adjuvant radiation therapy. We describe a “double flap” reconstruction technique in which the PCF is augmented inferiorly by a secondary vascularized pedicled nasoseptal flap (NSF) that is harvested and rotated using an endoscopic endonasal approach.MethodsThis technique is illustrated in 2 patients who underwent a combined cranionasal (transbasal and endoscopic endonasal) approach for large sinonasal malignancies with significant intracranial extension (1 esthesioneuroblastoma, 1 sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma). After tumor removal via a combined cranionasal approach, primary repair of the ASB dural defect was performed with a free patch graft. The ASB defect was then repaired using the double flap technique with a vascularized PCF from above and augmented with a vascularized NSF from below.ResultsPostoperatively, there were no complications of CSF leakage, meningitis, or tension pneumocephalus in both patients. After subsequent radiation therapy, the double flap repair remained intact at 2 years postoperatively in both patients.ConclusionThe double flap skull base reconstruction technique provides an additional barrier of vascularized tissue to prevent CSF leakage, meningitis, tension pneumocephalus, and postradiation necrosis. This technique is a viable option if a combined transcranial and transnasal endoscopic tumor resection is performed and postoperative radiation is anticipated.
Elastische Lagerung von Bauwerken im Grundwasser
Authors: Höfle Roger , Loretz Christian , Reichelt Hendrik , Zindler Rainer 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGebäude lassen sich durch eine elastische Lagerung von unerwünschten Schwingungseinwirkungen isolieren. Dabei stellen im Grundwasser gegründete Bauwerke eine besondere Herausforderung dar, da die Elastomere in diesen Fällen erhöhten Anforderungen ausgesetzt sind. Wie im nachfolgenden Bericht dargelegt wird, sind Polyurethan‐Werkstoffe zur elastischen Entkopplung von Bauwerken im Grundwasser geeignet. Die Wirksamkeit wird anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert.