bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological integration of Vespa velutinaLepeletier, 1836 in South Korea: a comprehensive study of co‐occurrence and interaction patterns with native social wasps
Authors: Park Woong‐Bae , Do Yuno , Choi Moon Bo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe spread of Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836 (Asian hornet) in South Korea poses a threat to biodiversity and agriculture. Traditional species interaction models often fail to capture the complexity of invasive species dynamics. This study used association rule learning (ARL) and clustering analyses to explore the interactions of V. velutina with native Vespidae species in South Korea, with the aim of uncovering patterns of coexistence and competition.RESULTSOver 4 years (2020–2023), 304 traps were strategically placed across South Korea to collect data on Vespidae species. Our findings showed that Vespula flaviceps, Vespa crabro, and Vespula koreensis were the most frequently encountered species. V. velutina was also widespread, suggesting its successful integration into local ecosystems. The ARL analysis, using the ‘apriori’ algorithm, identified significant co‐occurrence patterns and potential interactions. The rules generated indicated both competitive and coexistent relationships with varying levels of association strength across different regions. Clustering analyses, including hierarchical and k‐means clustering, grouped species based on their occurrence similarities. The distinct clusters formed in the analysis highlighted the unique ecological roles and interactions of V. velutina and other Vespidae species in South Korean ecosystems.CONCLUSIONThis study confirms the successful establishment of V. velutina in diverse South Korean ecosystems and highlights its complex interactions with native species. These findings support the need for nuanced management strategies that consider the intricate ecological relationships of V. velutina. This approach is crucial for the effective management of invasive species and ecosystem conservation. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Clinical characteristics and anticoagulation patterns of patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism and hemoptysis
Authors: Li Yiyao , Xue Peijun , Zhang Ting , Peng Min , Sun Xuefeng , Shi Juhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHemoptysis is a frequently encountered manifestation in cases of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), significantly impacting clinical decision‐making. Despite its clinical relevance, studies focusing on patients with acute PTE and hemoptysis are notably scarce. In this retrospective study, we examined data from hospitalized patients with acute PTE at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) between January 2012 and October 2020. Among the 896 patients analyzed, 105 (11.7%) presented with hemoptysis. Patients with hemoptysis were younger, had higher RRs, and frequently reported chest pain, predominantly showing a negative sPESI score. A significant association with autoimmune diseases was observed (39.0% vs. 16.1%; p < 0.001), along with higher occurrences of pulmonary infections (29.5%), lung cancer (21.0%), and chronic heart failure (16.2%). Hemoptysis in PTE is multifactorial; 51.4% of cases were PTE‐related, with 85.2% experiencing mild hemoptysis. Among patients with disease‐related hemoptysis (13.3%), 90.9% with massive hemoptysis had underlying diseases, predominantly lung cancer. In 35.2% of cases, the cause of hemoptysis remained undetermined, with vasculitis accounting for 29.7%. Anticoagulation strategies varied with the severity of hemoptysis; 82.9% with mild and only 27.3% with massive hemoptysis received therapeutic‐dose anticoagulation. Multivariate analysis identified massive hemoptysis as the most significant determinant of anticoagulation decisions. Patients with massive hemoptysis had the poorest outcomes, with an in‐hospital mortality rate of 36.4% and 72.7% receiving reduced or no anticoagulation.
Bronchoscopic retrieval of an aspirated tooth following high‐speed motor vehicle accident
Authors: Azam Hamza , Wu Peter 
Published: August 2024

Key messageA 28‐year‐old man aspirated a tooth into his right lower lobe bronchus following a high‐speed motor vehicle accident. Initial retrieval attempts failed with a flexible bronchoscope, but a cryoprobe successfully dislodged and retrieved the tooth. Cryoprobe should be considered for bronchoscopic foreign body removal when conventional methods are unsuccessful.
Composite learning control for strict feedback systems with neural network based on selective memory
Authors: Hu Zhiyu , Fei Yiming , Li Jiangang , Li Yanan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the high‐precision control problem for nonlinear strict feedback systems with external time‐varying disturbances and proposes a novel composite learning control algorithm. Unlike previous research that only uses tracking errors for neural network updates, this paper prioritizes the accuracy of neural network learning. The article uses a selective memory recursive least squares algorithm to construct system information prediction errors, which are combined with tracking errors to update the neural network weights. A new composite learning control algorithm is developed to design dynamic surface control and neural network disturbance observers, which achieves high‐precision control of nonlinear strict feedback systems under external time‐varying disturbance conditions. Lyapunov's method demonstrates the stability of the closed‐loop system and the boundedness of errors. The simulation results show that the proposed control algorithm can effectively estimate system nonlinearity and suppress the impact of disturbances.
Why is it necessary to integrate circular economy practices for agri‐food sustainability from a global perspective?
Authors: Islam Md. Ziaul , Zheng Lili 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOur comprehensive analysis delves into the viability of incorporating circular economy (CE) principles to effectively address Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)‐12 (“Responsible Consumption and Production”), with a focus on minimising food waste and loss (FWL) and lessening environmental harm. The study relied on existing literature from various organisations, including the United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organisation, and World Resources Institute, among others, to collect data. This study reveals that in 2019, over 931 million tonnes of food squandering was produced on a global scale, and households, the food service industry, and retail establishments account for the squandering of 61, 26, and 13 per cent, respectively. Our study finds that food waste contributes significantly to environmental damage, causing approximately 16 per cent of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by food systems in Europe. We also find that food production, such as the excessive disposal of meat, contributes to nearly 20 per cent of the carbon footprint caused by FWL on a global scale. Based on analysing available data, we investigated the factors and frequency of FWL in the agri‐food industry on a global scale, which vary in terms of a country's or region's economic position. Therefore, this research aims to assess and integrate the CE model into agri‐food sustainability in harmony with the SDG indicators worldwide.
Do patent assets have a second life when startups fail? An analysis of the redeployment likelihood and mode of transfer
Authors: Serrano Carlos J. , Ziedonis Rosemarie H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryEntrepreneurial firms are fertile sources of patented inventions. Yet little is known about what happens to patent assets when startups go out of business: Do the assets have a “second life” through redeployment to new owners? Based on 264 failed VC‐backed startups, we document an active market for the patents both as standalone assets and through co‐movement with inventors to the purchasing organization. We then model and test how the redeployment likelihood and mode of transfer is shaped by trading thickness in the secondary patent market and the degree to which asset value is firm‐specific and tied to the original venture. The study sheds new light on conditions that affect the redeployment of intangible assets and the abilities of startups to preserve value in liquidation.Managerial SummaryThe process of innovation naturally gives rise to failed attempts and abandoned projects. While prior studies document that disbanded ventures are important sources of human capital and learning spillovers, we are the first to document an active resale market for their patent assets. This study shines new light on conditions that affect the redeployment likelihood and mode of patent transfer, whether as standalone assets or through co‐mobility with an inventor to the purchasing organization. The evidence is based on 264 VC‐backed startups in the semiconductor, software, and medical device sectors. The formal model and empirical findings suggest that trading conditions in the secondary market not only affect the likelihood that patents originating from failed startups will be sold but also influence managerial incentives to retain inventors and preserve complementarities with the human capital.
Insight into Anionic Discrepancies in Bipolar Poly(Thionine) Organic Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhan Shuai , Wang Chunfang , Zhong Leheng , Zhao Linwei , Yang Xiaodong , Guo Amy X.Y. , Xiong Wei , Cheng Liangjie , Li Ran , Tang Zijie , Cao Shan Cecilia , Zhi Chunyi , Lv (Lyu) Haiming 
Published: August 2024

AbstractElectroactive organic electrode materials exhibit remarkable potential in aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their abundant availability, customizable structures, sustainability, and high reversibility. However, the research on AZIBs has predominantly concentrated on unraveling the storage mechanism of zinc cations, often neglecting the significance of anions in this regard. Herein, bipolar poly(thionine) is synthesized by a simple and efficient polymerization reaction, and the kinetics of different anions are investigated using poly(thionine) as the cathode of AZIBs. Notably, poly(thionine) is a bipolar organic polymer electrode material and exhibits enhanced stability in aqueous solutions compared to thionine monomers. Kinetic analysis reveals that ClO4− exhibits the fastest kinetics among SO42−, Cl−, and OTF−, demonstrating excellent rate performance (109 mAh g−1 @ 0.5 A g−1 and 92 mAh g−1 @ 20 A g−1). Mechanism studies reveal that the poly(thionine) cathode facilitates the co‐storage of both anions and cations in Zn(ClO4)2. Furthermore, the lower electrostatic potential of ClO4− influences the strength of hydrogen bonding with water molecules, thereby enhancing the overall kinetics in aqueous electrolytes. This work provides an effective strategy for synthesizing high‐quality organic materials and offers new insights into the kinetic behavior of anions in AZIBs.
Die Friesenbrücke in Weener
Authors: Grubmüller Sascha , Schwede Stefan , Haspel Lorenz , Menzel Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIm Dezember 2015 wurde die historische Eisenbahnbrücke über die Ems bei Weener durch einen Schiffsanprall zerstört. Der bewegliche Teil der Friesenbrücke, eine Scherzer‐Klappbrücke, wurde so stark beschädigt, dass eine Instandsetzung nicht mehr möglich war. Nach einem intensiven politischen Diskurs wurde beschlossen, die Brücke neu zu errichten. Die Variantenuntersuchung hat ergeben, dass unter Berücksichtigung aller Randbedingungen die Erneuerung der Friesenbrücke als Hub‐Drehbrücke die Vorzugsvariante darstellt. Der Brückenzug der Friesenbrücke hat eine Gesamtlänge von 337 m, wobei das Herzstück der ca. 145 m lange, bewegliche Fachwerkteil der Hub‐Drehbrücke ist. Die neue Friesenbrücke gibt für die Schifffahrt eine lichte Weite von 56,60 m frei und erfüllt die Anforderungen an die Sicherheit und Leichtigkeit aller betroffenen Verkehrswege. Die neue Friesenbrücke im Nordwesten Niedersachsens ist ein Großprojekt, welches in seinen baulichen Dimensionen und logistischen Randbedingungen einzigartig ist. Sie wird die größte Hub‐Drehbrücke für den Eisenbahnverkehr in Europa werden.
Association study of crude seed protein and fat concentration in a USDA pea diversity panel
Authors: Uhdre Renan , Coyne Clarice J. , Bourland Britton , Piaskowski Julia , Zheng Ping , Ganjyal Girish M. , Zhang Zhiwu , McGee Rebecca J. , Main Dorrie , Bandillo Nonoy , Morales Mario , Ma Yu , Chen Chengci , Franck William , Thrash Adam , Warburton Marilyn L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPea (Pisum sativum L.) is a key rotational crop and is increasingly important in the food processing sector for its protein. This study focused on identifying diverse high seed protein concentration (SPC) lines in pea plant genetic resources. Objectives included identifying high‐protein pea lines, exploring genetic architecture across environments, pinpointing genes and metabolic pathways associated with high protein, and documenting information for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐based marker‐assisted selection. From 2019 to 2021, a 487‐accession pea diversity panel, More protein, More pea, More profit, was evaluated in a randomized complete block design. DNA was extracted for genomic analysis via genotype‐by‐sequencing. Phenotypic analysis included protein and fat measurements in seeds and flower color. Genome‐wide association study (GWAS) used multiple models, and the Pathways Association Study Tool was used for metabolic pathway analysis. Significant associations were found between SNPs and pea seed protein and fat concentration. Gene Psat7g216440 on chromosome 7, which targets proteins to cellular destinations, including seed storage proteins, was identified as associated with SPC. Genes Psat4g009200, Psat1g199800, Psat1g199960, and Psat1g033960, all involved in lipid metabolism, were associated with fat concentration. GWAS also identified genes annotated for storage proteins associated with fat concentration, indicating a complex relationship between fat and protein. Metabolic pathway analysis identified 20 pathways related to fat and seven to protein concentration, involving fatty acids, amino acid and protein metabolism, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. These findings will assist in breeding of high‐protein, diverse pea cultivars, and SNPs that can be converted to breeder‐friendly molecular marker assays are identified for genes associated with high protein.
Identification of carbon fixation microorganisms and pathways in an aquifer contaminated with long‐chain petroleum hydrocarbons
Authors: Gan Shuang , Ning Zhuo , Wang Shuaiwei , Sun Weichao , Xu Zhe , Di He , Ti Jinjin , Guo Caijuan , Zhou Yahong , He Ze , Kong Siyu , Zhang Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPetroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) can be biodegraded into CO2, and PHC‐contaminated aquifers are always deemed as carbon sources. Fortunately, some carbon fixation microorganisms have been found in PHC‐contaminated sites. However, most of the studies are related to volatile short‐chain PHC, and few studies focus on long‐chain PHC‐contaminated sites. To reveal the carbon fixation microorganisms in these sites, in the study, a long‐chain PHC polluted site in North China was selected. Through hydrochemical and metagenomics analysis, the structure and capacity of carbon fixing microorganisms in the site were revealed. Results showed that there were many kinds of carbon fixed microorganisms that were identified such as Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas. HP/4HB, rTCA, and DC/4HB cycles were dominated carbon fixation pathways. The long‐chain PHC were weakly correlated with carbon fixation microorganisms, but it may stimulate the growth of some carbon fixation microorganisms, such as microorganisms involved in rTCA cycle.Practitioner Points
The microorganisms with carbon fixation gene exist in the aquifer contaminated by long‐chain petroleum hydrocarbon.
Microorganisms that have the ability to degrade petroleum also have the ability to carbon fixation.
Long‐chain petroleum hydrocarbon may promote the growth of carbon fixation microorganisms.
“Patriarchy permeating health policymaking”: Influence of gender on involvement in health policymaking from nurse leaders' perspective
Authors: Inayat Shahzad , Younas Ahtisham , Ali Parveen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite a greater percentage of women in the healthcare workforce, women are underrepresented in leadership positions. Researchers have examined the influence of gender on women involvement in policy‐making and leadership in male‐dominated professions. However, no research has explored nurses' perspectives about the role of gender in impacting their involvement in health policymaking in female‐dominant profession. This study explores nurse leaders' perspectives on how gender can influence their involvement in health policymaking in Pakistan. Eleven nurse leaders with at least 1 year of experience in policymaking participated in semi‐structured interviews. The data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Four themes emerged: Patriarchy Permeates Health Policymaking; Women's Social Status and Nurses' Involvement in Policymaking; Intentionally Disregarding Nurses' Insights on Policy Forums; Condescending Attitudes Towards Women Nurses on Policy Forums. The underrepresentation of nurses in health policymaking is influenced by gender and social biases and stereotypes against women and the negative social image of the nursing profession. Health‐care organizations must play an active role and develop policies to combat gender‐based discrimination and curb the underrepresentation of nurses in healthcare policymaking.
Novel insights on the positive correlation between sense and antisense pairs on gene expression
Authors: Das Subhadeep , Zea Rojas Maria Paula , Tran Elizabeth J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA considerable proportion of the eukaryotic genome undergoes transcription, leading to the generation of noncoding RNA molecules that lack protein‐coding information and are not subjected to translation. These noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are well recognized to have essential roles in several biological processes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent the most extensive category of ncRNAs found in the human genome. Much research has focused on investigating the roles of cis‐acting lncRNAs in the regulation of specific target gene expression. In the majority of instances, the regulation of sense gene expression by its corresponding antisense pair occurs in a negative (discordant) manner, resulting in the suppression of the target genes. The notion that a negative correlation exists between sense and antisense pairings is, however, not universally valid. In fact, several recent studies have reported a positive relationship between corresponding cis antisense pairs within plants, budding yeast, and mammalian cancer cells. The positive (concordant) correlation between anti‐sense and sense transcripts leads to an increase in the level of the sense transcript within the same genomic loci. In addition, mechanisms such as altering chromatin structure, the formation of R loops, and the recruitment of transcription factors can either enhance transcription or stabilize sense transcripts through their antisense pairs. The primary objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive understanding of both aspects of antisense regulation, specifically focusing on the positive correlation between sense and antisense transcripts in the context of eukaryotic gene expression, including its implications towards cancer progression.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > 3′ End Processing
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
Physical Protection of Nuclear Facilities and Materials
Authors: Kumar Anil , McCue James , Evans Alan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter offers perspectives on protecting nuclear facilities and materials from external threats and how these approaches have evolved over time. The authors also identify new technologies and practices to mitigate threats to facilities and materials. Indian author Anil Kumar argues that physical protection systems must employ defense in depth and follow a graded approach, increasing or decreasing with the potential threat to various materials and systems. Kumar specifically focuses on the challenge of transporting nuclear and radiological materials safely. U.S. authors James McCue and Alan Evans describe the Design Evaluation Process Outline (DEPO) process through which U.S. physical protection systems are constructed and discuss how it could be improved. They explain how the DEPO process applies to physical protection systems in ICBM launch facilities as well as to transportation scenarios.
Cybersecurity and Nuclear Facilities
Authors: Mohan Pulkit , Glantz Cliff , Landine Guy , Gourisetti Sri Nikhil , Motkuri Radha Kishan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis chapter covers cyber threats to the nuclear enterprise and suggests ways that India and the United States can mitigate such dangers. Indian author Pulkit Mohan describes the Indian government’s evolving regulatory approach to the problem. Mohan argues for measures including the creation of an effective security culture, addressing supply-chain vulnerabilities, and strengthening cybersecurity agreements with like-minded countries. U.S. authors Clifford Glantz et al. explain the importance of cybersecurity to the protection of the U.S. nuclear enterprise. They discuss the evolving U.S. regulatory environment, U.S. approaches to cyber defense and supply-chain security, and the challenge of assessing cybersecurity.
To Be Continued: Conclusion and Outlook
Authors: Krauß Florian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe concluding chapter highlights the broader transformation processes of television against which practitioners have negotiated the quality TV drama in Germany and its storytelling and screenwriting practices. Linked to the multiplication and expansion of the television landscape (in and beyond Germany), this final chapter addresses changes in distribution, in programmes, in production methods and especially in screenwriting as well as reception. The interviewed and observed TV practitioners repeatedly dealt with the socialisation of viewers in Germany, which is manifesting in increasingly specialised and diversified target groups with tastes in foreign markets and in the transforming digital media environment. The practitioners’ discussions also repeatedly touched upon other criteria for and ways of evaluating viewers’ feedback, besides the quantitative audience rating that has dominated for years. The German quality TV drama as negotiated and approached by the TV professionals stands at the beginning of a digitalised television based on data and algorithms, and thereby differently conceived audiences. By describing the multidimensional industry discourse on quality drama, the conclusion also maps such fundamental, ongoing changes in television production and writing, in Germany and beyond.