bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors of Cognitive Impairment in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Khalil Salma Hamed , Zamzam Dina Abdelgawad , Aboustate Alaa Mohamed , Mohamed Ali Yasmeen Ashraf 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated neuro-inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease. It affects mostly young adults between 20 and 40 years of age and women about 2–3 times more often than men. Disease severity and prognosis are hard to predict, different disease courses are observed in patients. It is the second most common cause of disability in young adults, and it is one of the costliest chronic diseases.

Aim of the Study
Our study aims to Asses risk factors affecting cognitive impairment (CI) in MS patients, focusing on risk factors including; Body Mass Index (BMI), Vitamin D level, Smoking and Alcohol and Physical activity.

Patients and Methods
It is a cross-sectional study carried on 50 patients with definite MS from MS unit at Ain-Shams University with inclusion and exclusion criteria was conducted, where the subjects were assessed regarding their basic demographic data, Body Mass Index (BMI), Vitamin D level, Smoking and Alcohol and Physical activity and correlated these data with their cognitive function where patients were classified to cognitive impaired or cognitive preserved using SDMT scale.

Results
Patients’ weight, height and BMI showed no significant correlation with the cognitive impairment assessed by SDMT. There was no significant correlation between cognitive impairment assessed by SDMT and smoking, Alcohol intake, BMI, vitamin D level, caffeine intake past or current physical activity. Our study showed a significant correlation between the cognitive impairment and the type of treatment of MS, where patients on 1st line DMD showed the majority of Cognitively preserved patients; 15 out of 18 patients with a percentage of 83.3 % while patients on 2nd line DMD showed the majority of Cognitively impaired patients, 17 patients with a percentage of 53.1 %. And thus could be related to disease progression not type of treatment itself as patients who are on 2nd line DMD are mostly the most progressive.

Conclusion
Cognitive affection of MS could be part of disease progression itself and not related to risk factors. This exploratory study underscores the complexity of physiopathological mechanisms underlying CI in MS and provides a few clues to further research in this area.
The Clinical and Neuroimaging Differences between Patients with Vascular Parkinsonism and Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: George Peter , Roushdy Tamer , Fathy Mai , Hamid Eman , El-Belkimy Mahmoud , Abdulghani Osama , Shalash Ali 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Parkinson's disease (PD) and vascular parkinsonism (VP) share multiple features together.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between VP and PD.

Materials and Methods
A total of 27 patients with VP and 48 PD patients were matched regarding age, sex, and educational level. All patients were assessed using MDS-UPDRS score and MRI brain.

Results
VP showed significantly shorter disease duration, less tremor dominant subtype, more PIGD subtype .Meanwhile Patients with VP showed no significant difference regarding motor part of MDS UPDRS off score from PD patients . MRI brain showed that VP group has significantly higher Fazekas scale compared to PD group.

Conclusion
VP is presented by postural instability and gait dysfunction, less tremor, and associated with more severe white matter ischemic changes.
Intra-Ovarian Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injection in Management of POSEIDON IV Poor Responders before ICSI: Pilot Study
Authors: Farid Laila Aly , Gomaa Mostafa Fouad , Abd-Raboh Eid Joseph Hozain , Sammour Hazem Mohamed , ElGamal Hatem , Sallam Mohamed T H , Eltaieb E 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Poseidon IV poor responders are 35 years old or older women with antral follicle count &lt; 5 and anti-Mullerian hormone &lt; 1.2 ng/ml with cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) of 22.34% - 34.46% following ICSI.

Aim of the Work
To assess the effectiveness of intra-ovarian platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in POSEIDON IV poor responders before ICSI.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted on women complaining from infertility at assisted reproductive techniques unit at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital at the period from March 2021 till January 2022. We got a 55 cases matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria among them 25 cases accepted to participate as the study group (PRP group) and the others 30 cases refused to the participate PRP group and they were enrolled as a control group.

Results
Endometrium thickness at day of HCG trigger was statistically significantly higher among PRP group than among control group. Ovulation statistically was non-significantly more frequent among PRP group than among control group. Fertilization statistically was non- significantly more frequent among PRP group than among control group. biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy statistically were non-significantly more frequent among PRP group than among control group.

Conclusion
According to the finding in this study intra-ovarian platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in POSEIDON IV poor responders before ICSI had a non-significant role regarding the laboratory variables and pregnancy outcomes. Hence, further studies are required.
The Value of First Trimesteric 3D Ultrasound Placental Volume in Prediction of Pre-Eclampsia in High-Risk Pregnant Women
Authors: Hussein Ahmed Mahmoud , Mohamed Ramy Ahmed Ramy , El-Hamid Shahaat Eman Mahmoud Abd 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypertension with pregnancy remains a major health issue for women and neonates worldwide. Pre-eclampsia (PE) complicates 2–5% of all pregnancies and is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. PE and eclampsia are responsible for approximately 14% of maternal mortality. PE is also associated with later-life cardiovascular disease among women and their offspring.

Aim of the Work
To determine the value of first trimesteric placental volume in predicting pre-eclampsia in high-risk pregnant women.

Patients and Methods
This Prospective observational study was conducted at tertiary care hospital at Ain Shams University hospitals from September 2019 till November 2021 and performed on a total of 125 pregnant women with high risk of PE at 12 to 12 + 6 week of gestation attending Fetal care unit, Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital.

Results
DBP statistically had significant moderate diagnostic performance with DBP cut-off value of ≥ 79.0 mmHg in predicting preterm delivery and SGA with significant low diagnostic performance in predicting NICU admission with DBP sensitivity of 83.3%, 67.9%, 64.5% and specificity of 74.8%, 76.3% and 76.6% in predicting preterm delivery, SGA and NICU admission respectively.

Conclusion
Placental volume and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly lower in cases with preeclampsia and predictive of maternal complications of HELLP syndrome, Renal impairment, ICU admission and predictive of preterm labor, SGA and NICU admission.
Retrospective Study of Clinicopathologic Features and Outcome of Colonic Cancer in Relation to Primary Tumor Location
Authors: Hassan El Wakiel Hesham Mahmoud , Abbas El Lithy Mahmoud Mahmoud , Ali Ezz El Din Mai Mohammed , Mohamed Hassan Ola Essam Mosad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and outcomes of colon cancer are different according to the primary tumor location and could be considered as distinct disease entities of the same organ.

Objectives
Analyzing and comparing clinical, epidemiological, pathologic features and outcome of colon cancer according to primary location whether the patients are right sided colon cancer (RSCC) and left sided colon cancer (LSCC) patients in different situations.

Patients and Methods
This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study conducted between January 1st, 2013 and January 1st 2019. One hundred and fifty patients diagnosed with colon cancer were enrolled in GIT unit, Department of Clinical Oncology, Ain Shams University Hospital.

Results
In our study right sided colon cancer patients were more females and clinically presented with higher frequency of anaemia (P value = 0.001) and perforation (P value = 0.02). Left sided colon cancer on the other side were more males (P value = 0.032) and was associated with more constipation (P value &lt;0.001) and intestinal obstruction (P value = 0.085). RSCC was more associated mucinous adenocarcinoma, more advanced T stage (T4), lymphovascular invasion, larger tumor sizes and more poorly differentiated tumor. LSCC was associated with more advanced stage and lymph node positivity. Right side tumor has highest disease-free survival period which is 34.63 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 28.39-40.86) comparing with the left side tumor which was 24.94 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 19.61-30.27). left side tumor has highest progressive free survival period which is 4.77 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.33-8.22) comparing with the right-side tumor which was 2.21 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63-3.79).

Conclusion
RSCCs and LSCCs show different characteristics in clinical presentation and prognostic features, so we can consider the side of tumor is helpful in determining the behavior and the outcome of the disease. We can consider RSCC and LSCC as two separate disease entities.
Outcomes of Three Corner Fusion without Triquetrum Excision versus Conventional Four Corner Fusion in SNAC Wrist
Authors: Youssef Khaled Nabil , El-Mahy Mohammed Mostafa , Atiyya Ahmed Naeem , Nabil Amr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Four corner fusion (4CF) has long been the preferred treatment for stages II and III of scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) with intact radiolunate articulation. Three corner fusion (3CF) with excision of the triquetrum was then suggested aiming to improve wrist motion . Several concerns had been emerged regarding proprioceptive function of the triquetrum and risk of early progression to radiolunate arthritis following excision . Three corner fusion without triquetrum excision (3CFT) was suggested as a relevant alternative to conventional limited fusion techniques . Since then, there is an on-going debate on the best technique to use for SNAC wrist . The authors evaluated the functional and operative outcomes of 4CF versus 3CFT in SNAC wrist.

Materials and Methods
A total of 34 patients underwent four corner fusion or three corner fusion without triquetrum excision for SNAC grade II and III . The average follow-up period was 1 year .Clinical evaluations were conducted and determined by radiographs, range of motion, grip strength, visual analog scale, and modified Mayo wrist scores.

Results
There were no significant differences between the demographic data, preoperative and postoperative parameters between the two groups. There was a significant difference in the operative time between the two groups (P &lt; 0.001).There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the complication rate.

Conclusions
The authors concluded that 3CFT offered a comparable functional outcome to 4CF with less operative time with no significant complications or mortality.
Management of Neglected and Malunited Ankle Fractures
Authors: Salem Basem Mohamed , Fahmy Hisham Ahmed , El-Beltagy Atef Mohamed , Goda Ayman Hussin , Abd-Ella Mohamed Mokhtar , Abdel-Hamid Metwaly Radwan Gamal El-Deen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Ankle fractures are very frequent and they can present a variety of clinical features. Dislocated or unstable ankle fractures are generally treated with surgical anatomical reduction and internal fixation. Most of these fractures heal very well. However, some of these fractures fail to reduce and become malunited. Early biomechanical studies have demonstrated that lateral talar shift greater than 1mm may cause a loss of over 40% of the tibiotalar contact area.

Aim of the Work
The aim of the treatment is to obtain an ankle with normal alignment and function which exhibits no pain with preventing any degenerative changes that may take place in the future. Surgical options include refixation of non-united medial or lateral malleolus, lengthening of fibula, repair of neglected syndesmotic injury, and repair of other ligamentous injury.

Patients and Methods
Our study included 30 patients with malunited ankle fractures. The outcomes were compared pre and post operatively. The Inclusion criteria were patients with malunited or neglected ankle fractures, both sexes and Age between 20 – 60 years old. While, Exclusion criteria were patients suffering from peripheral vascular insufficiency, advanced ischemia, peripheral neuropathy, advanced tibiotalar osteoarthritis, soft tissue compromise, stiff ankle, infected non-union and skeletally immature patients.

Results
The AOFAS in patient with syndesmotic affection showed improvement from mean±SD 48.35±12.99 preoperatively to 82.71±10.32 postoperatively, while in patients with non syndesmotic affection showed improvement from 60.46±18.91 preoperatively to 86.77±20.79 post operatively. This means that this is significant increase in AOFAS score in both groups but its more obvious among patients with syndesmotic affection. The FAAM score in patient with syndesmotic affection showed improvement from mean±SD 46.47±15.96 preoperatively to 82.41±8.05 postoperatively, while in patients with non syndesmotic affection showed improvement from 54±18.96 preoperatively to 79.77±16.45 post operatively. It means that there is increase in FAAM score in both groups but its more significant among patients with syndesmotic affection. The FADI score among patients was mean±SD 49.87±11.39 preoperatively and 77.07±11.89 two years postoperative, there was statistically significant higher mean value of FADI in follow up compared to pre-operative.

Conclusion
There is statistically significant improvement in functional and radiological outcomes in patients with syndesmotic affections more than patients with non syndesmotic affection.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing Long Head Biceps Tendon Tenotomy versus Tenodesis with Concomitant Repiarable Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Abd Ellatif Hussein Ali Ibrahim , Hamed Abeid Wessam Eldin Fakhery , Ebrahim Kubtan Helmy Muhammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Both tenotomy and tenodesis have been widely used for the treatment of long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) lesions, but the optimal strategy remains considerably controversial. In this meta- analysis of published studies, we compared the results of the two procedures.

Methods
A literature search that compared tenotomy with tenodesis was performed using pubmed, MEDLINE, cochrane libaray and researchgate . A total of 6 studies reporting data on 659 subjects were included. Study quality was evaluated using Cochrane collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias.

Results
Data synthesis showed higher ASES score, constant score, simple shoulder test mean, lower popeye sign and insignificant vas score in patients managed with tenodesis compared to tenotomy (ASES score, P &lt;0.001; constant score, P &lt; 0.001; simple shoulder test mean, P = 0.045, popeye sign, P = 0.010 ; vas score, P = 0.422 respectively).

Conclusion
The current evidence indicates that biceps tenodesis for LHBT lesions with concomitant reparable rotator cuff tears results in decreased rate of Popeye sign and improved Constant score also ASES score compared to biceps tenotomy.
Diagnosis of Human Cystic Echinococcosis by detecting Antigen B in Serum and Urine using Nanomagnetic Beads-Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Authors: El-Din Mahmoud Manal Salah , Badawy Abeer Fathy , Khayyal Amira Elsaady , Ibrahim Rehan Barhom 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage; hydatid cyst, of E. granulosus. The disease is usually asymptomatic, and mostly presents by pressure symptoms according to its location. The diagnosis of CE is currently based on imaging techniques, which may not be available in some areas and antibody detection in serum, with several known drawbacks. Conversely, antigen detection has proven its efficacy in serodiagnosis of CE. The study aimed to test the diagnostic efficacy of Nanomagnetic beads-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (NMB-sandwich ELISA) for diagnosis of CE by detection of E. granulosus AgB in serum and urine samples in comparison to conventional sandwich ELISA. The study included 42 individuals classified into 3 groups; CE infection group (Gp I), other parasitic infections group (Gp II) and healthy control group (Gp III). E. granulosus AgB was prepared from human hydatid cysts and used to produce anti- E. granulosus AgB-IgG-pAbs in rabbit which was used to detect AgB level in serum and urine samples by sandwich ELISA and NMB-sandwich ELISA. Using sandwich ELISA, AgB was detected in serum samples of 88.9% of CE patients with sensitivity and specificity of 88.9% and 91.7%, respectively. In urine samples, sandwich ELISA detected AgB in 83.3% of CE patients and the sensitivity and specificity were 83.3% and 87.5%, respectively. NMB-sandwich ELISA detected AgB in serum samples of 94.4% of CE patients with a sensitivity and specificity of 94.4% and 95.8%, respectively, whereas in urine samples it was detected in 88.9% of CE cases and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.9% and 95.8%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) between the use of serum and urine samples for detection of AgB when examined by either sandwich ELISA or NMB- sandwich ELISA. The best test accuracy was obtained with NMB-sandwich ELISA detecting AgB in serum samples (95.2%), whereas, it showed a slightly lower accuracy of 92.9% when using urine samples. It was concluded that NMB-sandwich ELISA is efficient for detection of AgB in serum samples. Moreover, urine samples might be a good alternative to serum samples for the detection of AgB showing reasonable sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.
Diagnosis of Experimental Trichinosis by Nano-Based ELISA and Nano-Based Latex Agglutination Test Compared with Traditional Sandwich ELISA
Authors: Kamel Hanan H , Elleboudy Noha A , Mohammad Omnia S , Ali Ibrahim R , Hasan Aml N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Human trichinellosis is a serious foodborne parasitic zoonosis. The main route for contracting the infection is eating raw or undercooked meat, especially pork containing a sufficient load of infective viable larvae. Early diagnosis is crucial before the larval encystation in skeletal muscles, so detection of circulating antigens can be helpful. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the novel Nanomagnetic beads based-ELISA (NMB-ELISA), and Nanomagnetic beads based latex agglutination test (NMB-LAT) for the diagnosis of experimental trichinellosis compared to sandwich ELISA through the detection of Trichinella spiralis adult worm crude extract antigen AW-CEA in serum. The study included thirty-eight (38) mice classified into 3 groups; T. spiralis infection group (GI) which was equally subdivided into 5 subgroups according to the time of sacrifice (6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 dpi), other parasitic infections group (GII) and healthy control group (GIII). T. spiralis AW-CEA was prepared from the adult worms through homogenization and ultra-sonication and then used to produce anti- T. spiralis IgG-pAbs in rabbits which were subsequently utilized to detect AW-CEA in serum samples by sandwich ELISA, NMB-ELISA, and NMB-LAT. Using NMB-ELISA, T. spiralis AW-CEA was detected in sera collected at 6 and 8 dpi, with a sensitivity of 50%, and 75%, respectively, and a specificity of 100%. Meanwhile, sandwich ELISA and NMB-LAT couldn’t detect the antigen at the same time intervals. Both ELISA formats were able to detect the antigen in samples collected at 10, 12, and 14 dpi with a sensitivity of 100% for NMB-ELISA, and 25%, 75%, and 100% respectively, for sandwich-ELISA. On the other hand, NMB-LAT couldn't detect T. spiralis AW-CEA until 12 dpi with a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 75%. In conclusion, the NMB-ELISA is a promising sensitive technique for early and specific diagnosis of acute trichinellosis in an animal model. Thus, it can be used as a potential alternative to the standard ELISA to obtain confident results. In addition, the use of NMB-LAT for AW-CEA detection could be a valuable screening diagnostic technique in field surveys.
The Role of Serum Lactate Values as a Predictor of Morbidity in Preterm Infants
Authors: Maluil Santino Kuot , Abdel Wahed Mohamed Ashraf , Ahmed Wafaa Osman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Early hemodynamic assessment of critically ill newborns requires mostly invasive measurements in neonatal intensive care unit. Base deficit and serum lactate concentrations may be important prognostic indicators in preterm infants.

Aim and Objectives
to investigate the relationship between serum lactate levels and adverse outcome in preterm infants who were admitted to NICU of Ain Shams University Hospital.

Subjects and Methods
This study is prospective cohort study, that included 90 preterm patients that were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit during a period of 6 months, all the neonates had the level of serum lactate been evaluated by ELISA (at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours of birth) and correlated with the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage as diagnosed by cranial ultrasonography. Result: The initial serum lactate level was compared with the follow up readings at 12, 18 and 24 hours and showed statistically significant reduction of serum lactate in follow up recordings (p-value &lt;0.05), Serum lactate was statistically significant predictors of death with increase serum lactate at 12hrs., at 18hrs. and at 24hrs, with p-value (p &lt; 0.05). Serum lactate had no statistically significant association with intracranial hemorrhage as detected by transcranial ultrasonography.

Conclusion
Serial lactate measurements greater than 5.6 mmol/l predict adverse outcome and may aid the clinician in bedside decision making.