bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic β3‐AR stimulation activates distinct thermogenic mechanisms in brown and white adipose tissue and improves systemic metabolism in aged mice
Authors: Natarajan Duraipandy , Plakkot Bhuvana , Tiwari Kritika , Ekambaram Shoba , Wang Weidong , Rudolph Michael , Mohammad Mahmoud A. , Chacko Shaji K. , Subramanian Madhan , Tarantini Stefano , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Ungvari Zoltan , Csiszar Anna , Balasubramanian Priya 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAdipose thermogenesis has been actively investigated as a therapeutic target for improving metabolic dysfunction in obesity. However, its applicability to middle‐aged and older populations, which bear the highest obesity prevalence in the United States (approximately 40%), remains uncertain due to age‐related decline in thermogenic responses. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic thermogenic stimulation using the β3‐adrenergic (AR) agonist CL316,243 (CL) on systemic metabolism and adipose function in aged (18‐month‐old) C57BL/6JN mice. Sustained β3‐AR treatment resulted in reduced fat mass, increased energy expenditure, increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial activity in adipose depots, improved glucose homeostasis, and a favorable adipokine profile. At the cellular level, CL treatment increased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)‐dependent thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, in white adipose tissue (WAT) depots, CL treatment increased glycerol and lipid de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and turnover suggesting the activation of the futile substrate cycle of lipolysis and reesterification in a UCP1‐independent manner. Increased lipid turnover was also associated with the simultaneous upregulation of proteins involved in glycerol metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and reesterification in WAT. Further, a dose‐dependent impact of CL treatment on inflammation was observed, particularly in subcutaneous WAT, suggesting a potential mismatch between fatty acid supply and oxidation. These findings indicate that chronic β3‐AR stimulation activates distinct cellular mechanisms that increase energy expenditure in BAT and WAT to improve systemic metabolism in aged mice. Considering that people lose BAT with aging, activation of futile lipid cycling in WAT presents a novel strategy for improving age‐related metabolic dysfunction.
Self‐reported alcohol consumption during participation in a text messaging‐based online drinking moderation platform
Authors: Vadhan Nehal P. , Treloar Padovano Hayley , Muench Frederick J. , Levak Svetlana , Allen Nicholas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany individuals with excessive alcohol consumption desire moderation but do not seek formalized treatment. Commercially available, technology‐assisted options are flexible and highly accessible, yet often not empirically validated.MethodsIndividuals desiring alcohol moderation (age 21+) self‐selected to use Sunnyside®, a web application with tailored and adaptive text messaging. The evaluable dataset included 46,411 members who completed a baseline assessment, enrolled in the program, and tracked their drinking at least once. An adaptive and customizable weekly plan was generated from typical drinking patterns, goals, and weekly reported progress. Personalized daily messages included reminders for real‐time drink tracking, plans, and available interactive messaging with peer coaches. Generalized mixed‐effect growth models characterized change in drinks per week and daily drinking for 12 weeks after enrollment. Models allowed for nonlinear change and individual variability across members and weeks.ResultsA majority (64.3%) of members reported typically drinking 7 of 7 days per week at baseline. During tracking, drinks per week decreased most in the initial weeks and slowed thereafter, with an overall 33% reduction in weekly drink counts. More severe alcohol‐use patterns and concern over drinking at baseline were associated with greater relative benefit.ConclusionsDrinking patterns appeared amenable to change during 12 weeks of daily drink tracking with Sunnyside®, a tailored web program to reduce drinking and improve overall wellness. Overall, the findings of this naturalistic study, one of the first of its kind, supplement data from randomized clinical trials and support the use of adaptive, technology‐assisted tools for alcohol moderation.
Microclimate, soil nutrients and stable isotopes in relation to elevation in the Australian Wet Tropics
Authors: Singh Ramesh Arun , Cheesman Alexander W. , McDonald William J. F. , Crayn Darren M. , Cernusak Lucas A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMicroclimate, such as soil and surface air temperatures, and edaphic factors, such as soil organic matter content and nutrient availability, are important parameters of the below‐canopy environment that shape vegetation communities. Yet, the literature examining how microclimate and edaphic properties vary along elevation gradients in tropical rainforests is limited, hindering our understanding of key ecological processes in the forest understory. Here we present an analysis of high‐resolution (15‐min frequency) microclimate data spanning approximately 3 years (December 2019–September 2022) across 20 rainforest sites, ranging from 40 to 1550 meters above sea level (a.s.l.). We also present analyses of soil chemical properties, including δ15N isotope composition from the same study sites. Our study found soils were consistently cooler than air during the day and warmer than air during the night across all sites. The difference in mean temperature between the wettest (summer) and the driest (winter) quarter for both soil and air also increased with elevation, as did the annual temperature range. Soil organic matter content and C:N ratio increased with elevation, in concert with a decline in soil pH. Together, edaphic factors displayed a strong correlation with climatic factors, suggesting temperature as an important driver of soil properties across elevation. Finally, soil δ15N was found to decline with increasing elevation, suggesting a tighter N cycle in high elevation, higher organic matter soils. These observations highlight the existing elevational trends in both microclimate and edaphic variables in the Australian Wet Tropics; understanding how these trends may shift with climate change could be important for predicting impacts on species distributions.
Macroeconomic shock effects on beef carcass premiums
Authors: Fausti Scott W. , Tejeda Hernan A. , Diersen Matthew A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn overview of how macroeconomic shocks affect beef quality‐grade premiums and discounts in the U.S. fed cattle market is discussed. We review the shock transmission linkages along the beef industry supply chain and determine the economic implications for the finished cattle market. The analysis provides insight into how the fed cattle market responds to macroeconomic shocks. The economic implications of financial risk associated with the behavior of beef carcass quality‐grade premiums and discounts associated with the Great Recession and the COVID pandemic are contrasted and assessed.Data analysis indicates that macroeconomic shocks affect the quality‐grade premium pricing mechanism for finished cattle. The origins of the shock (aggregate demand versus aggregate supply) and government fiscal policy intervention determines how premium levels and premium volatility responds to a macroeconomic shock. Thus, beef carcass quality‐grade premiums are not only subject to industry idiosyncratic risk, such as swings in the seasonal demand for beef, but are also subject to systematic risk associated with business cycle fluctuations.
Allergen immunotherapy adverse events in adults with respiratory allergies‐data from ADER: An EAACI task force report
Authors: Asllani Julijana , Mitsias Dimitrios , Konstantinou George , Qirko Etleva , Hitaj Mirela , Musollari Sybi , Christoff George , Novakova Silviya , Makris Michael , Radulovic Pevec Mira , Pevec Branko , Muntean Adriana , Tomic‐Spiric Vesna , Stosovic Rajica , Kosnik Mitja , Mungan Dilsad , Popov Todor A. , Calderon Moises , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. ,   ADER Study Group
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundRegistries can yield important insights on allergen immunotherapy (AIT) outcomes in daily clinical practice. However, systematic recordings of adverse events (AE) due to AIT in real‐life are lacking.MethodsThe Allergen Immunotherapy Adverse Events Registry (ADER) is a prospective, multicenter registry on real‐life AIT safety. Data on adults (>18 years old) with respiratory allergies receiving AIT with mites, pollens, epithelia, and/or molds were retrieved and analyzed from ADER. The frequency, characteristics and risk factors of AE were investigated. The MedDRA terminology was used to record AE.ResultsA total of 1545 individuals with a mean age of 33 ± 10 years receiving 1815 AIT courses (n = 1060 sublingual (SLIT); n = 755 subcutaneous (SCIT)) in centers from eight countries were included. Patients had allergic rhinitis (65%) or, asthma only (3.7%) or rhinitis with asthma (31.2%). Grass was the most frequent specific sensitizer (60.7%), followed by mites (45.5%), birch pollen (20.6%), epithelia (16.1%), and molds (8%). There were 296 AE recorded in 115 patients (7.4%). A higher frequency of AE occurred during up‐dosing (59%) compared to maintenance. Severe reactions were rare (0.2%), all in the context of SCIT. After 6 weeks of maintenance only one moderate AE was recorded. The most frequently reported symptoms were from the respiratory system and the skin. Having asthma, doing SCIT, AIT with mugwort, cat, or birch were associated with higher risk for AE while the use of allergoids induced lower risk.ConclusionIn real life clinical practice, AIT‐associated AE occur in a minority of patients, while severe reactions are rare. The presence of asthma and use of SCIT are risk factors, while the use of modified allergens lowers the risk.
Lessons from Klotho mouse models to understand mineral homeostasis
Authors: Grigore Teodora V. , Zuidscherwoude Malou , Olauson Hannes , Hoenderop Joost G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimKlotho, a key component of the endocrine fibroblast growth factor receptor—fibroblast growth factor axis, is a multi‐functional protein that impacts renal electrolyte handling. The physiological significance of Klotho will be highlighted in the regulation of calcium, phosphate, and potassium metabolism.MethodsIn this review, we compare several murine models with different renal targeted deletions of Klotho and the insights into the molecular and physiological function that these models offer.ResultsIn vivo, Klotho deficiency is associated with severely impaired mineral metabolism, with consequences on growth, longevity and disease development. Additionally, we explore the perspectives of Klotho in renal pathology and vascular events, as well as potential Klotho treatment options.ConclusionThis comprehensive review emphasizes the use of Klotho to shed light on deciphering the renal molecular in vivo mechanisms in electrolyte handling, as well as novel therapeutic interventions.
Reducing intrusive memories and promoting posttraumatic growth with Traveler: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Yu Yongju , Zhang Xinlu , Xue Yaxian , Ni Shiguang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOver recent decades, serious games have become a promising intervention approach for addressing psychological problems by providing users with computerized, engaging, and interactive experiences. An innovative serious game, Traveler, has been developed specifically as an intervention tool for managing posttraumatic responses immediately after trauma. The game incorporates the principle of visuospatial interference, the core elements of Tetris, such as spatial displacement and mental rotation, and the critical phases of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. To test the intervention efficacy and feasibility of Traveler, we conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 105 young adults. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups: a wait‐list control group, a group undergoing five‐session written exposure therapy, or a group engaging in one session of Traveler gameplay. Outcome measures included intrusive memories (i.e. vividness of traumatic images, disgust at traumatic images, flashback frequency, and flashback impact) and posttraumatic growth measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Traveler significantly outperformed the control and written exposure therapy groups in reducing intrusive memories and enhancing posttraumatic growth, with effects persisting at a 30‐day follow‐up. Thus, Traveler offers a promising brief and early intervention technique for addressing posttraumatic responses. Yet, its clinical applicability requires further investigation.
What should communities stipulate in their (macro)social contract with business? Updated CSR commandments for corporations
Authors: Radavoi Ciprian N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article relies on two major business ethics books to propose a decalogue of corporate behavior. Notably, both Donaldson and Dunfee's Ties That Bind (1999) and Kerr et al.'s CSR: A Legal Analysis (2009) tried to avoid the sinuous and inconclusive normative quest for hypernorms of business social responsibility: the former proposed an integrated social contract between business and community, while the latter adopted a positivist approach, looking at existing law of all sorts, national and international, to decant eight principles of CSR. Using a methodological tool from the first book, namely, the macrosocial contract between business and communities, this article updates the list proposed in the second book. As societal expectations evolve in time, emerging principles are included in the amended list, such as meeting tax obligations, refraining from taking advantage of disaster‐struck communities, and prioritizing the human in the age of artificial intelligence. The mixed approach (ethical, contractarian, and positivist) allows introducing the 10 principles as “commandments”: initial reasonable content of a macrosocial for business, informed by undisputed ethical principles (hypernorms) and potentially implemented through positive law.
Mood stabilizers for treatment of bipolar disorder in pregnancy and impact on neonatal outcomes
Authors: Kernizan Nalinoë , Forinash Alicia , Yancey Abigail , Kruger Samuel , Chavan Niraj R. , Mathews Katherine 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionUntreated bipolar disorder in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite advances in clinical management, there is concern among obstetric providers and patients about the safety of pharmacological agents for the treatment of bipolar disorder in pregnancy. Recent studies have shown atypical antipsychotics and lamotrigine to have a favorable safety profile; however, little information is published on lurasidone.ObjectivesThe objective of this retrospective chart review was to evaluate pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in obstetric patients with bipolar disorder who are untreated, compared to those treated with lurasidone, other atypical antipsychotics, and lamotrigine at a tertiary teaching institution.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included neonates whose mothers had a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and were referred to the Maternal & Fetal Care Clinic with two documented visits after January 1, 2014, with delivery by October 31, 2017, within an SSM health‐system hospital.ResultsIn this study, women with untreated bipolar disorder (not on any mood stabilizer) in pregnancy had significantly higher rates of premature delivery and low birth weight compared to women on mood stabilizers of lamotrigine, lurasidone, and other atypical antipsychotics. No difference was observed for pregnancy or neonatal outcomes between patients taking any of the mood stabilizers.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the use of lurasidone, other atypical antipsychotics, and lamotrigine have better neonatal outcomes than untreated bipolar disorder in pregnancy.
At the tipping point: Can biodiversity and rural livelihoods endure uncontrolled cashew expansion in West Africa?
Authors: Guedes Patrícia , Palmeirim Ana Filipa , Monteiro Filipa , Catarino Luís , Palma Luís , Temudo Marina P. , Henriques Mohamed , Beja Pedro , Lopes Ricardo Jorge , Ladle Richard J. , Powell Luke L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOur commentary explores the increase in cashew cultivation across West Africa, drawing attention to its impacts on biodiversity and livelihoods. We summarize the issue regionally, then showcase Guinea‐Bissau, where we unravel the dynamics between cashew expansion, habitat and biodiversity loss, and livelihoods. Finally, we propose concrete policy measures encompassing strengthened conservation, sustainable land‐use planning, enhanced farming practices, community engagement, and international market reforms. Our recommendations extend beyond both a recent review (Rege et al. 2023) and a concise policy commentary on EU deforestation law (Powell et al. 2023) in offering a roadmap for sustainable cashew cultivation.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Reintroduction of spring‐run Chinook salmon in the San Joaquin River: Evaluating genetic and phenotypic effects of captive breeding
Authors: Pregler Kasey C. , Clemento Anthony , Grill Mike , Adelizi Paul , Carlson Stephanie M. , Garza John Carlos 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCaptive‐breeding programs are increasingly implemented to curb population declines but can have unintended negative effects on genetic diversity and phenotypes. Through an analysis of ~10 years of genetic monitoring, pedigree information, and phenotypic data, we evaluated a captive‐breeding program that uses adaptive management to reduce inbreeding and improve captive broodstock performance. A captive‐breeding program was established in 2012 to reintroduce spring‐run Chinook salmon to the southern edge of their range in California's San Joaquin River (SJR), using fish produced each year at the nearby Feather River Hatchery (FRH). We found that the SJR program adequately captured the genetic diversity of the FRH source population and that mate pairings guided by genetic relatedness reduced inbreeding. However, the SJR broodstock reared in captivity had smaller body size at maturity in comparison to the FRH source broodstock which matures at sea, but this effect disappeared when SJR juveniles were released from captivity to mature at sea. Phenotypic traits of SJR female parents also influenced reproductive performance; older mothers and those with smaller eggs had offspring with lower survival. These findings demonstrate that adaptive genetic monitoring and pedigree information can be powerful tools for reducing risks of captive breeding and evaluating program effectiveness.
What are individual‐level nature amends? Rescaling biodiversity offsetting from the community members' perspective
Authors: Tupala Anna‐Kaisa , Huttunen Suvi , Aro Riikka , Lizarazo Clara , Tuittila Satu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEffective solutions to biodiversity loss are multidimensional, requiring engagement from diverse stakeholders across various sectors and commitment levels. In this context, voluntary actions from community members emerge as a valuable addition to the large‐scale nature conservation activities conducted by states and municipalities. Such actions complement biodiversity protection measures and legal requirements aimed at companies. This article delves into the rescaling of biodiversity offsetting to the community members level and explores it from the perspective of community members. Through workshops organized in four Finnish municipalities, participants were prompted to reflect on biodiversity offsetting in their daily lives. The results show community members' limited resources to conduct pro‐biodiversity actions and highlight their diverse interpretations of the topic. Beyond direct biodiversity‐enhancing action, like maintaining rural biotopes, eradicating alien species, or protecting forests, workshop participants called for indirect actions. These included education, eco‐taxes, and the development of sharing economies. Thus, rather than solely focusing on biodiversity offsetting or the mitigation hierarchy, these suggestions underscore the need for diverse pro‐biodiversity actions at the community member's level. Furthermore, the results highlight the need for support that enables community members and communities' work for biodiversity. Introducing the concept of nature amends addresses this need, enhancing the mitigation hierarchy's capacity to incorporate community members in nature conservation endeavors.
Vulnerability of endemic insular mole skinks to sea‐level rise
Authors: Koen Erin L. , Barichivich William J. , Walls Susan C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough coastal islands are home to many endemic species, they are also at risk of inundation from storm surge and sea level rise. Three subspecies of mole skink (Plestiodon egregius egregius, P. e. insularis, and the Egmont Key Mole Skink known from a single occurrence) occur on a small number of islands off the Gulf Coast of Florida, USA. We used the most recent sea level rise projections and the latest storm surge simulation data to predict impacts to habitat for insular mole skinks in Florida from 2030 to 2150. Our models predicted that in <100 years (by 2100; intermediate sea level rise scenario; ~1.08–1.15 m sea level rise), >78% of preferred habitat for the Florida Keys Mole Skink, >65% of preferred habitat for the Cedar Key Mole Skink, and >36% of preferred habitat for the Egmont Key Mole Skink will be inundated from sea level rise. Storm surge from tropical cyclones presents a more immediate risk to insular mole skink habitat: our models predicted that between 58% and 75% of Florida Keys Mole Skink habitat is at risk of being submerged under an average maximum of between 0.60 (SD = 0.86) and 0.98 (SD = 0.36) m of storm surge water for a category 1 storm, and the amount of habitat predicted to be impacted increases for higher intensity storms. Our models predicted similar trends for Cedar Key and Egmont Key Mole Skink habitat. Given current sea level rise projections, our models predicted that all three subspecies could be extinct by 2140 due to habitat inundation. There remains uncertainty about how species and ecosystems will respond to sea level rise, thus research to fill these gaps could help mitigate the effects of sea level rise in areas most vulnerable to the effects of climate change.
Public perspectives on hunting mountain lions and black bears in Colorado
Authors: Ghasemi Benjamin , Niemiec Rebecca , Crooks Kevin R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRegulated hunting of large carnivores as a management tool is a contentious topic. We report the results of two public mail‐back surveys conducted using stratified random sampling to assess Colorado residents' opinions about hunting mountain lions (ML; n = 462) and black bears (BB; n = 458). After weighting the samples to be representative of state population demographics (i.e., age, gender, level of urbanization, geographical region, and hunting participation), we found that the approval of legal and regulated hunting of MLs and BBs was polarized and varied among stakeholder groups and hunting purposes. Most residents, to varying extents, disapproved of hunting for trophy (ML 77.9%; BB 85.6%), hide or fur (80.6%; 75.2%), and recreation (62.7%; 67.0%). Over three‐fourths disapproved of hunting MLs with dogs (88.2%) and electronic calls (75.2%). Moreover, hierarchical regression results revealed that men, hunters, and those who identified as Republican or Republican‐leaning showed more support for hunting. Also, mutualism wildlife value orientation was negatively related to hunting approval, whereas domination value orientation was positively linked. Understanding public perspectives on these issues can enable the social context of wildlife management to be considered in decision‐making, thereby improving large carnivore management outcomes.