bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramedullary hemangioblastomas: surgical results in 16 patients
Authors: Joaquim Andrei F. , Ghizoni Enrico , Santos Marcos Juliano dos , Valadares Marcelo Gomes C. , Silva Felipe Soares da , Tedeschi Helder 
Published: August 2015

OBJECT
Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign, highly vascularized tumors that can be found throughout the neuraxis but are mainly located in the cerebellum and in the spinal cord. Spinal hemangioblastomas can present with motor and sensory deficits, whose severity varies according to the size and location of the tumor. Resection is the best treatment option to avoid neurological deterioration. The authors report surgical results in the treatment of intramedullary hemangioblastomas and discuss the technical nuances important to achieving total resection without adding new deficits.

METHODS
A consecutive series of patients with intramedullary hemangioblastomas operated on between 2000 and 2014 by the senior author (H.T.) is presented. The functional scale proposed by McCormick was used to evaluate the patients' neurological status before and after surgery.

RESULTS
Sixteen patients were included in the study and underwent 17 surgeries. Follow-up was at least 6 months. Age at presentation varied from 13 to 58 years (mean 33.8 years). Ten patients (62.5%) were males and 6 patients (37.5%) were females. Seven (43.75%) of the 16 patients had associated von Hippel—Lindau syndrome, with hemangioblastomas also presenting in other locations. Three patients had multiple tumors in the same segment in the spinal cord, and 10 patients (62.5%) presented with cysts. According to the site of presentation, 11 tumors (68.75%) were localized at the cervical region (including the cervicomedullary junction) and 5 tumors (31.25%) at the thoracic level. Total resection was achieved in all cases, evidenced by postoperative MRI. Four patients had some functional worsening immediately after surgery. After 6 months, 1 patient had functional worsening compared with preoperative status, and 2 patients had clinical improvement. The majority of the patients remained clinically stable postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS
Adequate knowledge of anatomy and the correct use of microsurgical techniques allowed total resection of these tumors, with minimal morbidity and maximum functional recovery. Outcome seems to be directly related to the neurological status before surgery.
Autoantibodies against Endothelin 1 Type A Receptor Are Strong Predictors of Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Avouac Jérôme , Riemekasten Gabriela , Meune Christophe , Ruiz Barbara , Kahan André , Allanore Yannick 
Published: August 2015

Objective.To determine the predictive value of functional autoantibodies against vascular receptors for the development of ischemic digital ulcers (DU) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).Methods.Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor (AT1R) and endothelin 1 Type A receptor (ETAR) autoantibodies were measured at baseline in a prospective cohort of 90 patients with SSc together with 5 validated angiogenic markers. The primary outcome was the occurrence of at least 1 new ischemic DU during the 5-year followup.Results.Twenty-four patients developed at least 1 new DU during the followup period. Univariate Cox analysis revealed that concentrations above the median value of anti-AT1R and anti-ETAR antibodies were predictive of the occurrence of ischemic DU (HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.19–6.84 and HR 3.39, 95% CI 1.35–8.50, respectively). A first multivariate Cox analysis including functional autoantibodies and clinical predictors of new DU confirmed anti-ETAR autoantibodies as independent predictors of the occurrence of new ischemic DU (HR 3.15, 95% CI 1.22–8.13) together with a history of DU at baseline. In a second model implemented with angiogenic markers, anti-ETAR autoantibodies remained an independent predictor of the occurrence of new ischemic DU (HR 9.59, 95% CI 1.75–52.64) together with the presence at baseline of active DU or history of DU.Conclusion.Anti-ETAR autoantibodies can be used together with the presence of current or past DU to identify patients with SSc who are at risk for the development of subsequent DU. These autoantibodies may allow for earlier management and therapeutic intervention.
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takayasu Arteritis with Neurological Symptoms in China: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Lirui , Zhang Huimin , Jiang Xiongjing , Song Lei , Qin Fang , Zou Yubao , Wu Haiying , Bian Jin , Zhou Xianliang , Hui Rutai , Zheng Deyu 
Published: August 2015

Objective.To describe the clinical features and longterm outcomes of patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) in China who experienced neurological symptoms.Methods.A retrospective study was undertaken of patients with TA who attended a single study center from 2002 to 2013, who also exhibited neurological symptoms (n = 274). Clinical and imaging features were analyzed, as well as longterm outcomes.Results.The mean age at disease onset was 28.2 ± 11.2 years, with a female-to-male ratio of 4.3:1. The most common neurological manifestation was dizziness (214, 78.1%), the most frequent type of TA was type III (112, 40.9%), and the most common affected artery was the left subclavian (147, 53.6%). Involvement of 3 or 4 branches of the aortic arch was observed in 28% of patients. Among 30 patients experiencing a stroke (10.9%), steno-occlusive lesions of the subclavian artery and common carotid artery were frequently observed in patients with ischemic stroke, while steno-occlusive lesions of the descending aorta, abdominal aorta, and/or renal arteries were more frequently observed with hemorrhagic stroke. Heart failure was the most common cardiovascular event in those who died (n = 6) and in surviving cohorts.Conclusion.Neurological features in patients with TA were variable, and correlated with the number of arteries and the site of artery involvement. Resistant hypertension was one of the most important risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke in patients with TA.
Dedicated Education Units: Partnerships for Building Leadership Competency
Authors: Galuska Lee A. 
Published: July 2015

Background:
To enable nurses to lead in health care transformation, nursing education must include opportunities for developing leadership, as well as clinical competencies. Dedicated education units (DEUs) provide supportive environments for competency development in undergraduate students. This study’s aim was to explore the effects of a DEU experience on the leadership development of baccalaureate nursing students.

Method:
A mixed-methods design included a quantitative strand, using a quasi-experimental, pretest–posttest, multisite design with control groups and a qualitative strand using focus groups.

Results:

Students in the DEUs demonstrated significant increases (
p
< 0.01) in leadership behaviors, as measured by the Student Leadership Practice Inventory. Focus group themes illuminate how the experiences of the students contributed to their leadership growth.

Conclusion:

Findings suggest that the DEU experience may promote enhanced undergraduate leadership competency development. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(7):385–388.]
Impact of Integrating Community-Based Participatory Research Into a Baccalaureate Nursing Curriculum
Authors: Zandee Gail Landheer , Bossenbroek Debra , Slager Dianne , Gordon Beth , Ayoola Adejoke B. , Doornbos Mary Molewyk , Lima Andrea 
Published: July 2015

Background:
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is rapidly gaining respect within the health care community as a means to promote public health and address health disparities. It has also recently been named as one of the competencies needed by public health professionals to be effective.

Method:
This article describes an educational innovation where CBPR is integrated into a baccalaureate nursing curriculum as a strategy to create meaningful learning experiences for nursing students while benefitting the health of the community.

Results:
The impact of this approach was analyzed over a period of 12 years. The positive outcomes for the community, students, and faculty are described, along with the unique challenges.

Conclusion:

Integrating CBPR into a nursing curriculum is an innovation that is worthy of further assessment. [
J Nurs Educ.
2015;54(7):394–398.]
A pictorial review of reconstructive foot and ankle surgery: hallux abductovalgus
Authors: Meyr Andrew James , Singh Salil , Chen Oliver , Ali Sayed 
Published: July 2015

This pictorial review focuses on basic procedures performed within the field of podiatric surgery, specifically for the hallux abductovalgus or "bunion" deformity. Our goal is to define objective radiographic parameters that surgeons utilize to initially define deformity, lead to procedure selection and judge post-operative outcomes. We hope that radiologists will employ this information to improve their assessment of post-operative radiographs following reconstructive foot surgeries. First, relevant radiographic measurements are defined and their role in procedure selection explained. Second, the specific surgical procedures of the distal metatarsal, metatarsal shaft, metatarsal base, and phalangeal osteotomies are described in detail. Additional explanations of arthrodesis of the first metatarsal-phalangeal and metatarsal-cuneiform joints are also provided. Finally, specific plain film radiographic findings that judge post-operative outcomes for each procedure are detailed.
Hemorrhagic heterotopic pregnancy in a setting of prior tubal ligation and re-anastomosis
Authors: Esterle Jason T , Schieda Jill 
Published: July 2015

Heterotopic pregnancy is the occurrence of simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancies. Heterotopic pregnancy most commonly occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy in women who have significant risk factors including assisted reproductive therapy, prior ectopic pregnancy, and prior pelvic surgery or pelvic inflammatory disease. Although rare, heterotopic pregnancy must be recognized using ultrasound so as to provide appropriate treatment to the extrauterine pregnancy with the goal of preserving the intrauterine pregnancy. The case presented describes a patient with a pathologically proven (figure 8A and 8B), surgically treated 1st trimester heterotopic pregnancy.
Regulatory Dendritic Cells Restrain NK Cell IFN-γ Production through Mechanisms Involving NKp46, IL-10, and MHC Class I–Specific Inhibitory Receptors
Authors: Spallanzani Raúl G. , Torres Nicolás I. , Avila Damián E. , Ziblat Andrea , Iraolagoitia Ximena L. Raffo , Rossi Lucas E. , Domaica Carolina I. , Fuertes Mercedes B. , Rabinovich Gabriel A. , Zwirner Norberto W. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Cross-talk between mature dendritic cells (mDC) and NK cells through the cell surface receptors NKp30 and DNAM-1 leads to their reciprocal activation. However, the impact of regulatory dendritic cells (regDC) on NK cell function remains unknown. As regDC constrain the immune response in different physiological and pathological conditions, the aim of this work was to investigate the functional outcome of the interaction between regDC and NK cells and the associated underlying mechanisms. RegDC generated from monocyte-derived DC treated either with LPS and dexamethasone, vitamin D3, or vitamin D3 and dexamethasone instructed NK cells to secrete lower amounts of IFN-γ than NK cells exposed to mDC. Although regDC triggered upregulation of the activation markers CD69 and CD25 on NK cells, they did not induce upregulation of CD56 as mDC, and silenced IFN-γ secretion through mechanisms involving insufficient secretion of IL-18, but not IL-12 or IL-15 and/or induction of NK cell apoptosis. Blocking experiments demonstrated that regDC curb IFN-γ secretion by NK cells through a dominant suppressive mechanism involving IL-10, NK cell inhibitory receptors, and, unexpectedly, engagement of the activating receptor NKp46. Our findings unveil a previously unrecognized cross-talk through which regDC shape NK cell function toward an alternative activated phenotype unable to secrete IFN-γ, highlighting the plasticity of NK cells in response to tolerogenic stimuli. In addition, our findings contribute to identify a novel inhibitory role for NKp46 in the control of NK cell function, and have broad implications in the resolution of inflammatory responses and evasion of antitumor responses.
Caspase-1 but Not Caspase-11 Is Required for NLRC4-Mediated Pyroptosis and Restriction of Infection by Flagellated Legionella Species in Mouse Macrophages and In Vivo
Authors: Cerqueira Daiane M. , Pereira Marcelo S. F. , Silva Alexandre L. N. , Cunha Larissa D. , Zamboni Dario S. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria from the Legionella genus are intracellular pathogens that cause a severe form of pneumonia called Legionnaires’ disease. The bacteria replicate intracellularly in macrophages, and the restriction of bacterial replication by these cells is critical for host resistance. The activation of the NAIP5/NLRC4 inflammasome, which is readily triggered in response to bacterial flagellin, is essential for the restriction of bacterial replication in murine macrophages. Once activated, this inflammasome induces pore formation and pyroptosis and facilitates the restriction of bacterial replication in macrophages. Because investigations related to the NLRC4-mediated restriction of Legionella replication were performed using mice double deficient for caspase-1 and caspase-11, we assessed the participation of caspase-1 and caspase-11 in the functions of the NLRC4 inflammasome and the restriction of Legionella replication in macrophages and in vivo. By using several species of Legionella and mice singly deficient for caspase-1 or caspase-11, we demonstrated that caspase-1 but not caspase-11 was required for pore formation, pyroptosis, and restriction of Legionella replication in macrophages and in vivo. By generating F1 mice in a mixed 129 × C57BL/6 background deficient (129 × Casp-11−/−) or sufficient (129 × C57BL/6) for caspase-11 expression, we found that caspase-11 was dispensable for the restriction of Legionella pneumophila replication in macrophages and in vivo. Thus, although caspase-11 participates in flagellin-independent noncanonical activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, it is dispensable for the activities of the NLRC4 inflammasome. In contrast, functional caspase-1 is necessary and sufficient to trigger flagellin/NLRC4-mediated restriction of Legionella spp. infection in macrophages and in vivo.
The Campanian Case of Gaius Lucilius: Downtrodden Satire from Suessa Aurunca
Authors: Goh Ian 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The hometown of the verse satirist Gaius Lucilius was Suessa Aurunca, on the border between Latium and Campania. This chapter investigates the remnants of Campania in this poet’s surviving fragments and reception, mostly in Horace but also in Cicero and Juvenal. Horses, gladiators, pots, theater, and pronunciation are all Campanian aspects of the satirist’s cultural identity, despite his invention of a Roman genre. Contexts of arrogance and militarism, harking back to fighting against Rome in centuries-old wars, mingle in Lucilius with tourism and conspicuous consumption as markers of insider and outsider positioning vis-à-vis Campania, a half-forgotten homeland for the satirist.
From otium to imperium: Propertius and Augustus at Baiae
Authors: Leonard Amy 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This article considers the military and political alterations to the land of Campania under Augustus through the lens of Roman elegist Propertius. Styling himself as the Roman Callimachus, Propertius gives voice to the transformation of Magna Graecia under the innovations of the Augustan regime, primarily the location of the imperial fleet at the lacus Lucrinus adjacent to the resort at Baiae. Elegies 1.11 and 3.18 accomplish a literary echo of the military might of Rome alongside the development of the imperial cult while mirroring the poet’s own self-aware evolution from a poet of love to a poet of state.
The Literary House of Mr. Octavius Quartio
Authors: Knox Peter E. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In the most prominent areas of the House of Octavius Quartio, the owner exhibited his interests in Greek and Roman literature and deployed poetic themes according to generic distinctions. The walls of the triclinium are decorated with a double frieze, depicting the life of Hercules and scenes from the Iliad. This choice of serious epic themes is consistent with other Pompeian homes. More uniquely, the garden on which this room opens displays scenes from Ovid’s Metamorphoses: Pyramus and Thisbe, Narcissus, and Actaeon. The House of Octavius Quartio therefore appears to have been home to a true fan of Ovid.
The Demise of the Term Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma
Authors: Butt Yasmeen M. , Allen Timothy Craig 
Published: July 2015

ContextBronchioloalveolar carcinoma is a term that has served lung pathology well for almost a century; however, more accurate terms have recently been suggested to better characterize the various lesions that have formerly all been considered bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.ObjectivesTo evaluate the origin and history of the term bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and to compare the term's traditional uses with current understanding and terminology of lung lesions formerly termed bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.Data SourcesReview of the literature pertaining to bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.ConclusionsBronchioloalveolar carcinoma has been an extremely useful term for many decades; however, it has now obtained respected obsolescence. Novel, more medically appropriate terms have been suggested for the group of lesions formerly termed bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, and these newer terms should now be routinely used.
The Syrtis Major volcano, Mars: A multidisciplinary approach to interpreting its magmatic evolution and structural development
Authors: Lillis Robert J. , Dufek Josef , Kiefer Walter S. , Black Benjamin A. , Manga Michael , Richardson Jacob A. , Bleacher Jacob E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractVery weak crustal magnetic fields over the Syrtis Major volcanic complex imply almost total thermal demagnetization via magmatic intrusions over a large area less than ~4 Ga. We fit a model of these intrusions and the resulting thermal demagnetization to maps of crustal magnetic field strength at 185 km altitude. The best fits are most consistent with a “dog bone”‐shaped region of intrusive material, elongated approximately north‐south, with an area of ~350,000 km2 and an inferred volume of ~4–19 × 106 km3. Such a large volume is best explained by a long‐lived mantle plume beneath the Syrtis edifice. A free‐air gravity anomaly high over the Syrtis Major caldera is consistent with dense mafic residue remaining at depth following crystal fractionation that produced the silicic magmas seen at the surface. The elongation of this region is consistent with ascent and north‐south emplacement of magma enabled by structures parallel to and associated with the preexisting Isidis impact basin.
Internally driven large‐scale changes in the size of Saturn's magnetosphere
Authors: Pilkington N. M. , Achilleos N. , Arridge C. S. , Guio P. , Masters A. , Ray L. C. , Sergis N. , Thomsen M. F. , Coates A. J. , Dougherty M. K. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSaturn's magnetic field acts as an obstacle to solar wind flow, deflecting plasma around the planet and forming a cavity known as the magnetosphere. The magnetopause defines the boundary between the planetary and solar dominated regimes, and so is strongly influenced by the variable nature of pressure sources both outside and within. Following from Pilkington et al. (2014), crossings of the magnetopause are identified using 7 years of magnetic field and particle data from the Cassini spacecraft and providing unprecedented spatial coverage of the magnetopause boundary. These observations reveal a dynamical interaction where, in addition to the external influence of the solar wind dynamic pressure, internal drivers, and hot plasma dynamics in particular can take almost complete control of the system's dayside shape and size, essentially defying the solar wind conditions. The magnetopause can move by up to 10–15 planetary radii at constant solar wind dynamic pressure, corresponding to relatively “plasma‐loaded” or “plasma‐depleted” states, defined in terms of the internal suprathermal plasma pressure.
Aerosol transport and wet scavenging in deep convective clouds: A case study and model evaluation using a multiple passive tracer analysis approach
Authors: Yang Qing , Easter Richard C. , Campuzano‐Jost Pedro , Jimenez Jose L. , Fast Jerome D. , Ghan Steven J. , Wang Hailong , Berg Larry K. , Barth Mary C. , Liu Ying , Shrivastava Manishkumar B. , Singh Balwinder , Morrison Hugh , Fan Jiwen , Ziegler Conrad L. , Bela Megan , Apel Eric , Diskin Glenn S. , Mikoviny Tomas , Wisthaler Armin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWet scavenging of aerosols by continental deep convective clouds is studied for a supercell storm complex observed over Oklahoma during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry campaign. A new passive‐tracer‐based transport analysis framework is developed to characterize convective transport using vertical profiles of several passive trace gases. For this case, the analysis estimates that observed passive gas mixing ratios in the upper troposphere convective outflow consist of 47% low level (<3 km) inflow air, 32% entrained midtroposphere air, and 21% upper troposphere air. The new analysis framework is used to estimate aerosol wet scavenging efficiencies. Observations yield high overall scavenging efficiencies of 81% for submicron aerosol mass. Organic, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols have similar wet scavenging efficiencies (80%–84%). The apparent scavenging efficiency for nitrate aerosol is much lower (57%), but the scavenging efficiency for nitrate aerosol plus nitric acid combined (84%) is close to the other species. Scavenging efficiencies for aerosol number are high for larger particles (84% for 0.15–2.5 µm diameter) but are lower for smaller particles (64% for 0.03–0.15 µm). The storm is simulated using the chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Compared to the observation‐based analysis, the standard model strongly underestimates aerosol scavenging efficiencies by 32% and 41% in absolute differences for submicron mass and number. Adding a new treatment of secondary activation significantly improves simulated aerosol scavenging, producing wet scavenging efficiencies that are only 7% and 8% lower than observed efficiencies. This finding emphasizes the importance of secondary activation for aerosol wet removal in deep convective storms.
Metal‐Doped Nitrogenated Carbon as an Efficient Catalyst for Direct CO2 Electroreduction to CO and Hydrocarbons
Authors: Varela Ana Sofia , Ranjbar Sahraie Nastaran , Steinberg Julian , Ju Wen , Oh Hyung‐Suk , Strasser Peter 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis study explores the kinetics, mechanism, and active sites of the CO2 electroreduction reaction (CO2RR) to syngas and hydrocarbons on a class of functionalized solid carbon‐based catalysts. Commercial carbon blacks were functionalized with nitrogen and Fe and/or Mn ions using pyrolysis and acid leaching. The resulting solid powder catalysts were found to be active and highly CO selective electrocatalysts in the electroreduction of CO2 to CO/H2 mixtures outperforming a low‐area polycrystalline gold benchmark. Unspecific with respect to the nature of the metal, CO production is believed to occur on nitrogen functionalities in competition with hydrogen evolution. Evidence is provided that sufficiently strong interaction between CO and the metal enables the protonation of CO and the formation of hydrocarbons. Our results highlight a promising new class of low‐cost, abundant electrocatalysts for synthetic fuel production from CO2.