bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragmentation of colliding planetesimals with water content
Authors: Maindl Thomas I. , Dvorak Rudolf , Schäfer Christoph , Speith Roland 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe investigate the outcome of collisions of Ceres-sized planetesimals composed of a rocky core and a shell of water ice. These collisions are not only relevant for explaining the formation of planetary embryos in early planetary systems, but also provide insight into the formation of asteroid families and possible water transport via colliding small bodies. Earlier studies show characteristic collision velocities exceeding the bodies' mutual escape velocity which—along with the distribution of the impact angles—cover the collision outcome regimes ‘partial accretion’, ‘erosion’, and ‘hit-and-run’ leading to different expected fragmentation scenarios. Existing collision simulations use bodies composed of strengthless material; we study the distribution of fragments and their water contents considering the full elasto-plastic continuum mechanics equations also including brittle failure and fragmentation.
Determination of an Intermediate Perturbed Orbit using Multiple Observations
Authors: Shefer Vladimir A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTwo methods are briefly stated for finding the preliminary orbit of a small celestial body from its three or more pairs of angular measurements and the corresponding time instants. The methods are based on using the approach that we previously developed for constructing the intermediate orbit from a minimum number of observations. This intermediate orbit allows for most of the perturbations in the motion of the body under study. The methods proposed use the Herget's algorithmic scheme that makes it possible to involve additional observations as well. Using the determination of orbits of some asteroids as examples, we compare the results obtained by applying the Herget multiple-observation algorithm and the proposed methods. The comparison shows that the proposed methods are an efficient means for studying perturbed motion. They are especially advantageous if applied to high-precision observational data covering short orbital arcs.
Dynamical evolution of objects on highly elliptical orbits near high-order resonance zones
Authors: Kuznetsov Eduard D. , Kudryavtsev Stanislav O. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBoth analytical and numerical results are used to study high-order resonance regions in the vicinity of Molnya-type orbits. Based on data of numerical simulations, long-term orbital evolution are studied for objects in highly elliptical orbits depending on their area-to-mass ratio. The Poynting–Robertson effect causes a secular decrease in the semi-major axis of a spherically symmetrical satellite. Under the Poynting–Robertson effect, objects pass through the regions of high-order resonances. The Poynting–Robertson effect and secular perturbations of the semi-major axis lead to the formation of weak stochastic trajectories.
The Grand Tack model: a critical review
Authors: Raymond Sean N. , Morbidelli Alessandro 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe “Grand Tack” model proposes that the inner Solar System was sculpted by the giant planets' orbital migration in the gaseous protoplanetary disk. Jupiter first migrated inward then Jupiter and Saturn migrated back outward together. If Jupiter's turnaround or “tack” point was at ~ 1.5 AU the inner disk of terrestrial building blocks would have been truncated at ~ 1 AU, naturally producing the terrestrial planets' masses and spacing. During the gas giants' migration the asteroid belt is severely depleted but repopulated by distinct planetesimal reservoirs that can be associated with the present-day S and C types. The giant planets' orbits are consistent with the later evolution of the outer Solar System.Here we confront common criticisms of the Grand Tack model. We show that some uncertainties remain regarding the Tack mechanism itself; the most critical unknown is the timing and rate of gas accretion onto Saturn and Jupiter. Current isotopic and compositional measurements of Solar System bodies – including the D/H ratios of Saturn's satellites – do not refute the model. We discuss how alternate models for the formation of the terrestrial planets each suffer from an internal inconsistency and/or place a strong and very specific requirement on the properties of the protoplanetary disk.We conclude that the Grand Tack model remains viable and consistent with our current understanding of planet formation. Nonetheless, we encourage additional tests of the Grand Tack as well as the construction of alternate models.
Reversing Type I Migration in Gap Shadows
Authors: Jang-Condell Hannah 
Published: January 2015

AbstractType I migration refers to the radial drift of a sub-Jupiter mass planet resulting from tidal interactions with a protoplanetary disk. It results in the rapid inward migration of small planets and planet cores through the disk. Type I migration is so rapid compared to disk dissipation time scales that explaining distant planets, such as the HR 8799 planets and Jupiter itself, is problematic because their growing cores should have been lost. Here, we present a scenario for solving the Type I migration problem. As a planet grows in mass, its Type I migration rate should increase, assuming that disk properties are not significantly altered by the forming planet. But a growing planet clears some, but not all, material from its orbital path, creating a partial gap in the disk. The trough of a partially cleared gap such as this is shadowed from stellar illumination while the far side of the gap is illuminated. Since stellar irradiation is the primary heat source of passively accreting protoplanetary disks, gap self-shadowing can significantly change the local temperature profile. This change to the local temperature gradient can significantly slow, or even reverse Type I migration.
Planet Formation in Close Binaries
Authors: Jang-Condell Hannah 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSeveral exoplanets have been discovered in close binaries (a < 30 AU) to date.The fact that planets can form in these dynamically challenging environments says that planet formation must be a robust process. Disks in these systems should be tidally truncated to within a few AU, so if they form in situ, the efficiency of planet formation must be high. While the dynamical capture of planets is also a possibility, the probability of these interactions is low, so in situ formation is the more plausible explanation. I examine the truncation of protoplanetary disks in close binary stars, studying how the disk mass is affected as it evolves from higher accretion rates to lower rates. In the gamma Cephei system, a protoplanetary disk around the primary star should be truncated to within a few AU, but enough mass still remains for planets to form. However, if the semimajor axis of the binary is too small or its eccentricity is too high, such as in HD 188753, the disk will have too little mass for planet formation to occur. I present a way to characterize the feasibility of planet formation based on binary orbital parameters such as stellar mass, companion mass, eccentricity and semi-major axis. Using this measure, we can quantify the robustness of planet formation in close binaries and better understand the overall efficiency of planet formation in general.
PEOPLE WITH COMMON PRIORS CAN AGREE TO DISAGREE
Authors: LEDERMAN HARVEY 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRobert Aumann presents hisAgreement Theoremas thekey conditional: “if two people have the same priors and their posteriors for an eventAare common knowledge, then these posteriors are equal” (Aumann, 1976, p. 1236). This paper focuses on four assumptions which are used in Aumann’s proof but are not explicit in the key conditional: (1) that agents commonly know, of some priorμ, that it is the common prior; (2) that agents commonly know that each of them updates on the prior by conditionalization; (3) that agents commonly know that if an agent knows a proposition, she knows that she knows that proposition (the “KK” principle); (4) that agents commonly know that they each update only on true propositions. It is shown that natural weakenings of any one of these strong assumptions can lead to countermodels to Aumann’s key conditional. Examples are given in which agents who have a common prior and commonly know what probability they each assign to a proposition nevertheless assign that proposition unequal probabilities. To alter Aumann’s famous slogan: peoplecan“agree to disagree”, even if they share a common prior. The epistemological significance of these examples is presented in terms of their role in a defense of theUniqueness Thesis: If an agent whose total evidence isEis fully rational in taking doxastic attitudeDtoP, then necessarily, any subject with total evidenceEwho takes a different attitude toPis less than fully rational.
High-sensitivity strain sensor based on in-fiber rectangular air bubble
Authors: Liu Shen , Yang Kaiming , Wang Yiping , Qu Junle , Liao Changrui , He Jun , Li Zhengyong , Yin Guolu , Sun Bing , Zhou Jiangtao , Wang Guanjun , Tang Jian , Zhao Jing 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe demonstrated a unique rectangular air bubble by means of splicing two sections of standard single mode fibers together and tapering the splicing joint. Such an air bubble can be used to develop a promising high-sensitivity strain sensor based on Fabry-Perot interference. The sensitivity of the strain sensor with a cavity length of about 61 μm and a wall thickness of about 1 μm was measured to be up to 43.0 pm/με and is the highest strain sensitivity among the in-fiber FPI-based strain sensors with air cavities reported so far. Moreover, our strain sensor has a very low temperature sensitivity of about 2.0 pm/°C. Thus, the temperature-induced strain measurement error is less than 0.046 με/°C.
New concept of corrosion protection in the presence of water: V-active VCI. Concept and application
Authors: Genovez Mário Celso , Araújo Luiz Henrique , Pinto Tiago Dinis , Hrdina Radim 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– This work describes test results that were obtained using a newly-developed type of organic inhibitor: V-active VCIs. The findings demonstrate that is possible to eliminate or reduce the oxidizing action of water, thereby extending the allowable time before painting after hydrojetting, and that the new corrosion inhibitor technology does not interfere with the final quality of paint adhesion.

Design/methodology/approach
– Metallic specimens were treated/washed by hydrojet (35000 Psi). It was employed as a 2 per cent V-active VCI SPH 1,712 water solution by dilution of the inhibitor in industrial water. Metal sample plates were examined after blasting and after subsequent drying, and were submitted to the paint adhesion tests, to evaluate the duration of temporary protection, oxidation prevention and influence on the adherence of paint (pull off).

Findings
– Using the V-active VCI proposed technology, it was possible to minimize or eliminate the oxidizing action of the water when the metal is exposed to the saline moisture in a closed environment, extending the acceptable time before painting without interference in the final quality of painting.

Practical implications
– The proposed technology allows to the area of prepared (wet blasted) steel surface to be increased during cleaning and preparation, thereby reducing labor and product costs, and reduces water consumption during the preparation process. Practical applications in the shipbuilding, ship maintenance and oil and gas production industries, include the preservation of internal tubes and pipes, protection during hydrostatic test processes and cleaning with water and corrosion prevention in diesel tanks contaminated with water.

Originality/value
– The intent of this paper is to present the obtained results for a new formulation of organic chemical inhibitors that use water medium as the application method. In addition to this property, this group of organic inhibitors maintains the property of volatile inhibitors. Thus, these compounds are generically known as V-active VCI.
The preparation and properties of a transparent coating based on organic silicone resins
Authors: Cheng Jia-Neng , Liu Yan , Che Hongwei , Yan Guoping , Liu Xinghai , Liu Xiaojing , Wang Xiaoyan , Bi Bo 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this investigation was to study a transparent coating based on organic silicone resins prepared by the hydrolysis and condensation of methyltriethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane.

Design/methodology/approach
– The coating film was characterized by IR, UV, thermal gravity analysis, scanning electron microscope and an automatic contact angle meter. Some properties of the coating film, such as adhesion, impact resistance and wear-resistance also were evaluated.

Findings
– These uniform, clear and smooth coating films possessed the high transparent and light transmittance, high density, high hydrophobicity, good adhesion, hardness and anti-corrosion.

Originality/value
– The coating may be considered as a protective film for the surfaces of the metals and plastics.
Use of the grey relational analysis method to determine the important environmental factors that affect the atmospheric corrosion of Q235 carbon steel
Authors: Cao Xianlong , Deng Hongda , Lan Wei 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this study was to evaluate the grey relational analysis method as a way of determining quickly the important factors affecting the atmospheric corrosion of Q235 carbon steel in one year.

Design/methodology/approach
– Atmospheric corrosion exposure tests on Q235 steel were carried out at seven typical test sites in China. The test period lasted one year. The corrosion rate of the Q235 test panels was determined using the weight-loss method and environmental factors were monitored and recorded by standard methods. The importance of the various environmental factors was evaluated using the grey relational analysis method.

Findings
– The results obtained by the grey relational analysis method showed that the ranking order of factors affecting the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel from “slightly” to “severely” was as follows: relative humidity > dew days > SO3 > pH value of rain > rain precipitation > temperature > rainy days > Cl− > H2S > NO2. Furthermore, the initial atmospheric corrosion of Q235 carbon steel was recognized as being the corrosion of the smooth surface by water medium, or acidic aqueous solution.

Originality/value
– Materials corrosion can be defined as a grey system because corrosion has a clear outcome and complex but uncertain characteristics. The grey relational analysis method, a part of grey system theory, is an effective and quick data processing method that can be used to sort out the degree of correlation of environmental factors affecting atmospheric corrosion in terms of it being a grey system with a lot uncertain information.
Evaluating the effectiveness of anti-corruption agencies in five Asian countries
Authors: Quah Jon S. T. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to ascertain the levels of effectiveness of the anti-corruption agencies (ACAs) in China, Japan, Philippines, Singapore and Taiwan; second, to explain why some of these ACAs are more effective than others; and third, to suggest some policy recommendations for addressing their limitations.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper relies on three well-known international indicators to assess the perceived extent of corruption in the five countries. Similarly, their quality of governance is assessed by their total percentile rank on the World Bank’s six governance indicators in 2013.

Findings
– Singapore’s Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau is effective because of its government’s political will and favorable policy context. The Philippines and Taiwan rely on ineffective multiple ACAs, which are inadequately staffed and funded, and compete with each other for limited resources. China’s Central Commission for Discipline Inspection is ineffective because corrupt party members are disciplined and not prosecuted, and the political leaders use corruption as a weapon against their opponents. Japan’s weak political will is reflected in its reluctance to address its structural corruption. This paper concludes with policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of the ACAs in the five countries.

Originality/value
– The comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the ACAs in the five Asian countries and the policy recommendations for addressing their limitations will be of interest to policy makers, scholars and anti-corruption practitioners.
Business advice strategies of immigrant entrepreneurs in Sweden
Authors: Yazdanfar Darush , Abbasian Saeid , Brouder Patrick 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine whether there are any significant differences between native Swedish and immigrant entrepreneurs in business advice sought at start-up.Design/methodology/approach– The study, based on a unique and large database consisting of 304 immigrant and 2,512 native-owned firms, applies several univariate and multivariate statistical methods including ANOVA and regression analysis.Findings– According to the results there are certain similarities and differences between Swedish native- and immigrant-owned firms concerning the type of external business advice they seek. The results suggest there are significant differences between native and immigrant-owned firms for four of 20 types of advice received. Native-owned firms, on average, tend to seek more advice on accounting and on the choice of business form as well as the help of a knowledgeable person. On the other hand, immigrants seek, on average, more advice on export questions than their native counterparts.Research limitations/implications– This research contributes to policy-making by helping authorities gain a better understanding of the impact of immigrant background on business network decisions at the nascent stage of development. Immigrant access to good advice in the nascent stage should increase new firm survival. This study does not, however, measure performance. As this research is based on aggregate level secondary data, more specific analysis has been impossible. This is an important limitation of this paper. In addition, immigrants are not homogenous groups and they differ in age, education, work experiences, etc. The results should therefore be interpreted carefully.Originality/value– This paper is one of the first and few empirical studies investigating the issue of immigrant business advice strategies in the Swedish context. The study provides a detailed overview of how ethnicity influences entrepreneurs’ use of external business advice in the firm formation stage for micro and small firms.
Idiosyncrasy, heterogeneity and evolution of managerial styles in contemporary Russia
Authors: Balabanova Evgeniya , Efendiev Azer , Ehrnrooth Mats , Koveshnikov Alexei 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine managerial styles of Russian managers in the context of institutional and economic environment of contemporary Russia.Design/methodology/approach– The study is based on a sample of 482 line and middle managers covering eight geographic regions, 14 industries and 80 organizations in Russia.Findings– Employing factor and cluster analyses the paper identifies four distinct managerial styles: paternalistic, exploitative, performance oriented and passive. In addition, the paper analyzes a number of contingent characteristics of these typological Russian managers such as their age, career development, regional, industrial and organizational presence.Originality/value– The analysis enriches the understanding of managerial style idiosyncrasy, heterogeneity and evolution in Russia. The identified plurality of managerial styles, differentially related to a number of contingency variables, indicates that it pays off for western companies to avoid using stereotypical ideas when dealing with their Russian counterparts and employ conscious strategies when recruiting managers to their Russian operations instead.
International joint venture strategies and performance in the Baltic States
Authors: Larimo Jorma Antero , Nguyen Huu Le 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse investment strategies and performance of Finnish firms in their international joint ventures (IJVs) established in Baltic States.Design/methodology/approach– The paper analyse performance of IJVs in Baltic States based on the IJV theory, international business literature, and foreign direct investments in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) literature. The analysed factors include firm, investment, and inter-partner relationship-specific factors. To examine the propositions the paper used ten IJVs established by Finnish firms in various Baltic States between the period 1991 and 2005.Findings– The results show that the level of uncertainties in the countries and the differences between partners are not related to firms’ commitments and the entry mode choice. Several Finnish firms preferred cost leadership to compete with other firms in the local markets. In most cases there was a positive relationship between the level of partners’ equity share, commitment to the IJV, and the level of trust between partners. The results indicated differences in the IJV performance depending on parent firms’ objectives, their competitive strategies, mode of entry, age of IJVs, control strategies, level of trust, and commitment between partners, as well as depending on the performance measures used.Practical implications– This study suggests four observations that managers may need to take into consideration to improve IJV performance in the Baltic States. First, cost leadership strategy help to increase IJV performance in terms of sales. Second, social control mechanisms and narrow control leaded to better performance than formal and wide control. Third, minority ownership by Finnish firms in IJVs leaded to better performance based on sales, productivity and total performance whereas majority ownership had leaded to better performance in terms of total costs. Finally, the results confirmed that commitment to the IJV operation and trust on the other partner are very essential factors to IJV performance.Originality/value– The study is the first one to analyse in more detail based on several cases the IJV strategies and performance of Finnish firms in the Baltic States. The analysed factors include several such factors which have not been analysed related to IJV operations in Baltic States (some also limitedly in the CEE context).