bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic response analysis using characteristic ground motion records for risk‐based decision‐making (3R method)
Authors: Dolšek Matjaž , Brozovič Marko 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThe concept of intensity‐based assessment for risk‐based decision‐making is introduced. It is realized by means of the so‐called 3R method (response analysis, record selection and risk‐based decision‐making), which can be used to check the adequacy of design of a new building or of the strengthening of an existing building by performing conventional pushover analysis and dynamic analysis for only a few ground motions, which are termed characteristic ground motions. Because the objective of the method is not a precise assessment of the seismic risk, a simple decision model for risk acceptability can be introduced. The engineer can decide that the reliability of a no‐collapse requirement is sufficient when collapse is observed in the case of less than half of, for example, seven characteristic ground motions. From the theoretical point of view, it is shown that the accuracy of the method is acceptable if the non‐linear response history analyses are performed at a low percentile of limit‐state intensity, which is also proven by means of several examples of multi‐storey reinforced concrete frame buildings. The 3R method represents a compromise between the exclusive use of either pushover analysis or dynamic analysis and can be easily introduced into building codes provided that its applicability is further investigated (e.g. asymmetric structures and other performance objectives) and that the procedure for the selection of characteristic ground motions is automated and readily available to engineers (www.smartengineering.si).
Body Image Disturbance in Binge Eating Disorder: A Review
Authors: Ahrberg Merle , Trojca Dorothea , Nasrawi Nadia , Vocks Silja 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBinge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by frequent binge eating without compensatory behaviour and is thus often associated with obesity. Whereas for the eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, one of the main diagnostic features is a negative body image, the research criteria for BED do not include body image disturbance. Although several studies have been conducted on the occurrence of body image disturbance in BED, no review has yet summarized and integrated these findings. Therefore, the present paper reviews studies on the cognitive–affective, perceptual and behavioural components of body image. Many of the reviewed studies reveal that individuals with BED display a higher degree of weight and shape concerns than obese persons without BED. Concerning the perceptual component, no evidence exists to date that persons with and without BED differ in terms of the perception of their own body size. While many studies have examined the cognitive–affective body image component, research on the behavioural manifestations of body image disturbance is generally lacking. However, there is first evidence that persons with BED display an enhanced degree of body checking and avoidance. The results of this review indicate that body image disturbance seems to be a symptom of BED but which still requires further exploration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Relay assisted OFDMA spectrum sharing systems
Authors: Navaie Keivan , Mokari Nader 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose relay assisted orthogonal frequency‐division multiple access (OFDMA) spectrum sharing system. We then design downlink radio resource allocation schemes for the proposed system with the objective of maximizing the secondary service sum rate. Two cases are considered, in the first (second) case, we assume that the channel distribution information (CDI) (the channel side information (CSI)) for the channel between the secondary transmitter and primary receiver is available at the secondary base station. For both cases, we further consider the availability of imperfect CSI of the channel between the secondary base station and the relay stations and the channel between the relay stations and the secondary users. The computational complexity issue is then addressed by proposing suboptimal solutions. Extensive simulation studies show that the impact of imperfectness in channel estimation on the system performance can be controlled by employing relays in the system. Simulation studies are also conducted to compare the performance of the two earlier mentioned cases, which indicates that in case of imperfect CSI estimation, it is often better to use CDI and let the collision probability be managed through corresponding optimised radio resource allocation. Using CDI then eliminates the need for feedback signalling between primary and secondary systems. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk Analysis and Hedging of Parisian Options under a Jump‐Diffusion Model
Authors: Kim Kyoung‐Kuk , Lim Dong‐Young 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA Parisian option is a variant of a barrier option such that its payment is activated or deactivated only if the underlying asset remains above or below a barrier over a certain amount of time. We show that its complex payoff feature can cause dynamic hedging to fail. As an alternative, we investigate a quasi‐static hedge of Parisian options under a more general jump‐diffusion process. Specifically, we propose a strategy of decomposing a Parisian option into the sum of other contingent claims which are statically hedged. Through numerical experiments, we show the effectiveness of the suggested hedging strategy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 36:819–850, 2016
When Evidence Is Contested
Authors: Maschke Karen J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn February 2014, BMJ published the findings of the twenty‐five‐year follow‐up of the Canadian National Breast Cancer Screening Study. Data from this study indicate, the article reports, that mammography screening in women aged forty to fifty‐nine does not reduce the death rate from breast cancer “beyond that of physical examination alone or usual care in the community.” Based on these findings, the authors suggest it is time to reassess the value of mammography screening. This report has reignited an often acrimonious debate about the value of screening people for various diseases when no symptoms are present. As with the recent controversy about the value of prostate cancer screening, the debate about mammography screening offers two important lessons about science, technology, and medicine: scientific evidence carries serious limitations, and we need a better approach to assessing it than the current fragmented one.
A Novel Alkaloid from Aspidosperma pyricollum (Apocynaceae) and Complete 1H and 13C Chemical Shift Assignments
Authors: do Carmo Hádria M. , Braz‐Filho Raimundo , Vieira Ivo J. Curcino 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA novel natural product indole, alkaloid, named rel‐pyricolluminol (1), was isolated from Aspidosperma pyricollum Müll.Arg. together with six known metabolites sitsirikine (2), aparicin (3), ulein (4), stemmadenine (5), lupeol (6), and (3β)‐sitoster‐3‐yl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (7). These compounds were characterized on the basis of their spectral data, mainly 1D‐ (1H,13C‐DEPTQ) and 2D‐NMR (1H,1H‐COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC), and mass spectra (EI‐MS and HR‐ES‐MS), involving also comparison with data from the literature.
Antioxidative Cassane Diterpenoids from the Seeds of Caesalpinia minax
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Sheng , Guo Yan‐Qiong , Bao Jing‐Mei , Jiang Min‐Hong , Lin Shu‐Ling , Su Zhi‐You , Tang Gui‐Hua , Yin Sheng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractFive new cassane diterpenoids, caesalmins I–M (1–5), and 23 known analogs were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and comparison with reported data. The antioxidant properties of 1–28 were determined by the method of oxygen radical absorbance capacity of fluorescein (ORAC‐FL), and 14 compounds exhibited good antioxidant activities with ORAC‐FL values of 2.24–4.89 Trolox equivalents. The structureactivity relationship of the active compounds was also discussed.
The Role of Perceived External Prestige in Predicting Customer‐Oriented Citizenship Behaviors
Authors: Kang Dae‐seok , Bartlett Kenneth R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIncreased attention on the relationships between customer service training and organizational results is prompting human resource development (HRD) scholars and practitioners to more broadly consider outcomes. This study examined the role of perceived external prestige, an underexplored area in the service excellence literature. We proposed that employee perceptions of organizational prestige relate positively with customer‐oriented citizenship behaviors (COCBs). In the perceived external prestige–COCBs relationship, we also explored the mediating role of psychological empowerment, as well as the moderating effect of organization‐based self‐esteem (OBSE) and leader–member exchange (LMX). Valid and reliable self‐report and supervisory evaluation measures were collected from a sample of employees from luxury hotels in South Korea. The results indicate that perceived external prestige was a significant predictor for service employees' citizenship performance and the perceived reputation impact was indirect through psychological empowerment. The study also identified LMX as a key precondition for service organizations to engage employees in customer‐oriented behaviors beyond formal role. In discussing these results, we present significant insights in terms of reputation management as a motivational and competitive strategy to be included in HRD practices focused on customer service.
Repositioning Global Staff Transfers: A Learning Perspective
Authors: Welch Denice , Steen Adam 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this article, we challenge the prevailing view that global staff transfers are a necessary cost of doing business globally by contending that such deployment is integral to successful strategic implementation. We use three scenarios—learning from failure, failure to learn, and lost opportunities—to illustrate how awareness of the consequences of decisions related to international staffing can facilitate their efficacy. Learning awareness therefore can lead to improved policies and outcomes for the management of global staff transfers and demonstrate the value HRM brings to the implementation process. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Broaching Attitudes and Behavior Survey (BABS): An Exploratory Assessment of Its Dimensionality
Authors: Day‐Vines Norma L. , Bryan Julia , Griffin Dana 
Published: October 2015

The continuum of broaching behavior is a conceptual framework explicating how counselors broach or have explicit discussions about racial, ethnic, and cultural factors with their clients during treatment (Day‐Vines et al., 2007). Counselors can assume 5 particular broaching orientations: avoidant, isolating, continuing/incongruent, integrated/congruent, and infusing. The authors operationalized the continuum of broaching behavior using the Broaching Attitudes and Behavior Scale and found support for a 4‐factor model of broaching behavior.El espectro de comportamiento de abordamiento es un marco conceptual que explica cómo los consejeros abordan o tienen discusiones específicas sobre factores raciales, étnicos y culturales con sus clientes durante el tratamiento (Day‐Vines et al., 2007). Los consejeros pueden asumir 5 orientaciones de abordamiento particulares: evasiva, aislante, continua/incongruente, integrada/congruente e infundida. Los autores operativizaron el espectro de comportamiento de abordamiento usando la Escala de Actitudes de Abordamiento y Comportamiento y hallaron respaldo para un modelo del comportamiento de abordamiento de 4 factores.
2.1.2 The Middle‐out Systems Engineering for Gray‐Box Item and Case Study of Automotive Lock Housing Assembly
Authors: Lee Joongyoon , Kim Sung Tae 
Published: October 2015

AbstractLock housing assembly is a vehicle component which is designed and manufactured by a 2nd tier supplier of a car maker. This paper showed a middle‐out systems engineering approach for a gray box item development. In the case of gray box item development, the communication between a car maker and suppliers is a key success factor to overcome unclear and unbalanced design responsibility from the viewpoint of supplier. To show the middle‐out systems engineering process, this paper addressed the development of a magnesium lock housing assembly. This project used some methodologies such as Quality Function Deployment (hereafter QFD) and functional flow diagram etc. to enhance communication capabilities. The customer requirements were developed with QFD while functional flow diagram was used to derive quality control parameters.
2.3.2 Reducing the Effort for LCC Evaluation and Optimization
Authors: Broodney Henry , Masin Michael , Mashkif Nir , Miano Candace 
Published: October 2015

AbstractModel‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is making its way into the design processes of many Systems builders. As with many other disciplines, MBSE can greatly benefit from the principles of reuse, but the very term assumes the existence of a large number of available models which may not be available due to the newness of MBSE activities. There exists, however, a great capital of artifacts from other domains, which Systems Engineering relates to and can leverage. This paper explores several practical examples of such approaches in the context of an architecture affordability study, reducing the effort and time required to identify a preferred architecture solution that is optimal for a given set of metrics including life cycle cost and system availability.
3.1.2 Lifecycle Verification of a System of Systems
Authors: Hatchell Brian , Mauss Fredrick , Silvers Kurt 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSystem‐level verification is intended to check that the system satisfies a set of requirements. The verification of a system of systems (SoS) is more difficult for a number of reasons. In a SoS, multiple organizations are involved, and there may be no overall project manager. It may be necessary to develop new systems that integrate with legacy systems that cannot be modified. Finally, the separate systems within a SoS can have separate development processes and schedules. New methods of system engineering (SE) processes are needed to deal with the verification of SoS. This paper reviews how V‐Models have been used to visualize the SE process for SoS. For the common situation of a SoS consisting of only two systems, an intersecting V‐Model is suggested, followed by a discussion of important factors to consider when verifying a SoS, including configuration management, integrated master schedule development, lifecycle simulation, and test system design. These considerations are illuminated by describing the verification of a SoS consisting of an asset health monitoring system and data download software. The tradeoffs of using hardware versus software approaches to lifecycle simulation are presented. The paper concludes with an overview of lessons learned for future SoS development.
4.3.2 Tradeoff Study Cascading Mistakes of Omission and Commission
Authors: Parnell Gregory S. , Cilli Matthew V. , Buede Dennis 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTradeoff studies are a critical tool to provide information to support decision making for discipline engineers, systems engineers, and program managers throughout the system life cycle. Unfortunately, the quality of tradeoff studies is typically inconsistent between organizations and within organizations. This paper reports on part of an INCOSE effort to improve tradeoff studies. Using the proposed INCOSE Decision Management Process, aligned with ISO/IEC 15288, we identify and discuss the most common tradeoff study mistakes of omission and commission. The mistakes of omission are errors made by not doing the right things. The mistakes of commission are errors made by doing the right things the wrong way. In addition, we show how these mistakes can cascade into multiple mistakes with significant consequences to the decision makers, stakeholders, and the system. By using the Decision Management Process and avoiding these mistakes, we significantly increase the quality of the tradeoff study and avoid adverse consequences.
5.3.1 Applying Meta‐analysis in Support of Systems Thinking
Authors: Licklider Christy A. R. , Henderson Steven J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSystems thinking helps facilitate the understanding of systems, their structure, and important interrelationships with their environments. As such, systems thinking is an important aspect of systems engineering and other related fields. However, certain large‐scale, complex systems can thwart systems thinking due to their vast size and morass of interactions.Moreover, many such systems accumulate a large body of research that can yield seemingly contradictory inputs into the systems thinking process. In this paper, we advocate the use of statistical meta‐analysis to augment systems thinking about such systems. Our approach, which we describe as Meta‐analysis in support of Systems Thinking (MAST), maps standard outputs from meta‐analysis to systems thinking constructs. We demonstrate our approach to an actual systems thinking problem involving the United States (US) active duty military's personnel retention system. We include a critique of our approach and guidelines for its application to other systems.
6.3.2 Program Protection, for All Industries, and Provided by Systems Engineers
Authors: Maziarz John A. , Hamilton Booz Allen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractProgram Protection, also known as System Protection, System Security, or Program Security, has been of interest in the United States Department of Defense for many years. The concerns that Program Protection addresses, espionage (keeping sensitive information from getting out) and sabotage (keeping bad materials from getting in), should also be concerns beyond the United States military. Not only should other United States Government agencies worry about these two items for their systems, so should commercial businesses, and so should governments and industries outside of the United States. Because of its pervasive nature, Program Protection should be the domain of systems engineers, who can integrate Program Protection into systems, as well as integrate the various disciplines within Program Protection.
8.1.2 Quantifying the Value of Flexibility in Design and Management of Onshore LNG Production System
Authors: Cardin Michel‐Alexandre , Bourani Mehdi Ranjbar , Deng Yinghan , de Neufville Richard , Atapattu Ravindu , Sheng Xiaoxia , Foo Kok Seng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper presents the results of an analysis focusing on the evaluation of a large‐scale onshore liquefied natural gas (LNG) project under market uncertainty and flexibility. Market studies have shown increasing trends in LNG demand in the next few decades in the transportation sector. A proprietary technology has been developed as a solution for offshore associated gas applications for small‐to‐medium scale capacity (~0.2 to 1 million ton per annum or MPTA). This technology is also suitable for onshore micro‐LNG applications as a company is evaluating business opportunities in the transportation industry. This study is concerned with the long‐term design and deployment of the technology in a growing market to provide LNG for transportation purposes. There are currently two designs considered: 1) small micro‐LNG production facilities combined with fueling stations, and 2) a big centralized production facility with satellite fueling stations along the pipeline. A third design alternative is developed based on a flexible phasing deployment strategy to improve the economic performance in comparison with other design strategies. To compare the design alternatives under uncertainty, a structured methodology is introduced and applied based on several economic lifecycle performance indicators (e.g. Net Present Value, Initial Capital Expenditure (CAPEX), etc.). Different demand scenarios are incorporated explicitly in the project evaluation procedure. The final results demonstrate about 36% value improvement for the flexible design as compared to a centralized inflexible design strategy, increasing as uncertainty in parameter estimation increases. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is developed to simplify evaluation procedures, and provide better support for decision‐making and dissemination across a major company's activities. The flexible design helps deliver more value to the clients.
8.2.2 On the Efficacy of Student Teams in Engineering: An Assessment of Individual Learning in Collaborative Projects
Authors: DeFranco Joanna F. , Neill Colin J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe scale, complexity, and multi‐disciplinarity of systems engineering projects almost necessitate that systems engineers work in teams and that those teams are effective. Consequently, systems engineering students can expect to participate in a number of team projects during their academic careers. It is also reasonable that students can expect their effort on teams to contribute meaningfully to their individual course learning. We have developed a guidance framework that facilitates effective collaboration on teams and previously demonstrated its efficacy in team mental model convergence and its concomitant improvement in team project outcomes. In this study we investigate whether those improved team outcomes lead to an improvement in individual learning as should occur if there is team learning. We determined that this is not the case. The implications of this result are potentially troubling not only from an academic standpoint, since it challenges the validity of student teams in some cases, but also with respect to the professional development programs in place at many engineering companies. These programs are often team‐oriented with the intent of not only developing effective team players, but also in developing proficient engineers and the latter objective may be threatened.
9.3.2 The Use of Models across the Contractual Boundary: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Do Quoc , Cook Stephen , Fossnes Terje , Haskins Cecilia 
Published: October 2015

AbstractModel‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) practices have been gathering momentum for over 20 years and are seen as the future of systems engineering. MBSE formalises the practice of systems engineering through the use of models and its aim is to overcome the limitations inherent in describing complex systems and their development and sustainment using documents. However, certain project practices, in particular the tendering and contracting processes, are still strongly tied to the use of documents. This paper identifies the challenges that need to be addressed to use MBSE across the contractual interface in a competitive tendering environment. The focus is on the transition of models created by the customer (acquirer) during the capability definition phase to the supplier both during the tendering process and through the systems architectural design and development phases. The paper unfolds with a literature survey and then progresses to surface key insights and challenges for the adoption of model‐centric acquisition, looking into the past, present and future from the Australian and Norwegian defence perspectives. This is supplemented through case studies involving the utilisation of RDD‐100 for model‐centric acquisition of Frigates by the Royal Norwegian Navy and through ongoing research by the Australian Defence Science and Technology Organisation, and the Defence and Systems Innovation Centre. The paper concludes with a summary of the achievements to date and the challenges to be addressed in order to enable and foster the widespread adoption of model‐centric tendering and equipment acquisition.