bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gentner‐Kastler‐Preis: Verletzung der Symmetrie zwischen Materie und Antimaterie: In einer kleinen Asymmetrie der Naturkräfte sehen wir den Schlüssel zu unserer Existenz
Authors: Kleinknecht Konrad 
Published: February 2013

AbstractVor 15 Milliarden Jahren entstand während des Urknalls Materie und Antimaterie bei sehr hohen Temperaturen in gleichen Mengen. Warum ist dann heute die Antimaterie verschwunden und das Universum von einem kleinen Teil der ursprünglich vorhandenen Materie erfüllt? In der auf Andrej Sacharov zurückgehenden Antwort spielt eine Kraft, die die Symmetrie zwischen Materie und Antimaterie zerstört, eine zentrale Rolle.
Marian‐Smoluchowski‐Emil‐Warburg‐Preis: TESLA at DESY: In memory of Bjoern Wiik
Authors: Zakrzewski Janusz A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe Project to construct at DESY a linear electron‐positron accelerator TESLA (Tera Electron Volt Energy Superconducting Linear Collider) with integrated synchrotron radiation sources will be briefly described. Such a source — Free Electron Laser (FEL) — will be based on the Self‐Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) from electron beams passing through magnetic devices (undulators). TESLA will thus be a new and important tool for research within the domain of natural sciences ranging from high energy and nuclear physics through the application of laser‐like synchrotron radiation in solid state physics, material sciences, chemistry, biology to medical sciences. Progress in the programme of research and development carried out at the TTF (Tesla Test Facility) on the superconducting cavities will be noted. The first successful operation at the TTF of FEL at the wavelength around 100 nm will be stressed. The international character of the TESLA Project will be indicated.
Revisiting evolutionary algorithms in feature selection and nonfuzzy/fuzzy rule based classification
Authors: Dehuri Satchidananda , Ghosh Ashish 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper discusses the relevance and possible applications of evolutionary algorithms, particularly genetic algorithms, in the domain of knowledge discovery in databases. Knowledge discovery in databases is a process of discovering knowledge along with its validity, novelty, and potentiality. Various genetic‐based feature selection algorithms with their pros and cons are discussed in this article. Rule (a kind of high‐level representation of knowledge) discovery from databases, posed as single and multiobjective problems is a difficult optimization problem. Here, we present a review of some of the genetic‐based classification rule discovery methods based on fidelity criterion. The intractable nature of fuzzy rule mining using single and multiobjective genetic algorithms reported in the literatures is reviewed. An extensive list of relevant and useful references are given for further research. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This article is categorized under:

Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Key Design Issues in Data Mining
Technologies > Computational Intelligence
Transport of pesticides and artificial tracers in vertical‐flow lab‐scale wetlands
Authors: Durst Romy , Imfeld Gwenaël , Lange Jens 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
The transport of pesticides and tracers was evaluated in lab‐scale wetlands
Uranine may serve as a proxy of subsurface transport of isoproturon
Transport of metalaxyl, isoproturon and sulphorhodamide B largely differ
A new technique for obtaining high‐resolution pore pressure records in thick claystone aquitards and its use to determine in situ compressibility
Authors: Smith Laura A. , van der Kamp Garth , Jim Hendry M. 
Published: February 2013

Key Points
Lab tests overestimate alpha and Ss by as much as 2 orders of magnitude
A new technique presented to determine alpha and Ss using pressure transducers
In all cases the lab tests overestimated alpha and Ss compared to in situ values
IRootLab: a free and open-source MATLAB toolbox for vibrational biospectroscopy data analysis
Authors: Trevisan Júlio , Angelov Plamen P. , Scott Andrew D. , Carmichael Paul L. , Martin Francis L. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Summary: IRootLab is a free and open-source MATLAB toolbox for vibrational biospectroscopy (VBS) data analysis. It offers an object-oriented programming class library, graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and automatic MATLAB code generation. The class library contains a large number of methods, concepts and visualizations for VBS data analysis, some of which are introduced in the toolbox. The GUIs provide an interface to the class library, including a module to merge several spectral files into a dataset. Automatic code allows developers to quickly write VBS data analysis scripts and is a unique resource among tools for VBS. Documentation includes a manual, tutorials, Doxygen-generated reference and a demonstration showcase. IRootLab can handle some of the most popular file formats used in VBS.
License: GNU-LGPL.
Availability: Official website: http://irootlab.googlecode.com/.
Contact: juliotrevisan@gmail.com
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Repeat Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Recurrent Pain Arising From Previously Treated Vertebrae in Patients With Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Authors: Li Li , Lu Yang , Li Min , Liu Xunwei , Jin Peng , Wang Lijun , Sun Gang 
Published: February 2013

Study Design:
A retrospective study.

Summary of Background Data:
Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) changes mechanical stress of vertebral column and can cause recurrent pain at the treated level. However, there were a few reports on the therapeutic effects of the repeat PV for patients with recurrent pain at the treated level.

Objective:
To evaluate the therapeutic effects of repeat PV at previously treated vertebral level for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) having recurrent pain after initial PV.

Methods:
Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective study. Patients with OVCFs who underwent repeat PV for recurrent pain at previously treated vertebral levels were identified and included in this study. Correlative parameters were analyzed that included pain score before and after repeat PV, amount of bone cement injected, and presence of cleft sign in the vertebral body on pre-PV and post-PV medical imaging tests.

Results:
Nine of consecutive 827 patients met the selection criteria. Cleft sign was identified in 5 patients before or during initial PV, whereas it was present in all 9 patients on prerepeat PV images. A reduction of 4.3±0.5 points of pain scale and 2.1±0.6 points of mobility rate at 1 week after the repeat PV was reported in all 9 patients. The mean pain scale and mobility rate score were 2.8±0.45 points and 0.3±0.5 at the 3-month follow-up, respectively. The mean volume of injected cement (6.8±1.92 mL) in repeat PV was larger than that in initial PV (4.2±0.84 mL). There was statistically significant difference (P=0.033).

Conclusions:
Repeat PV is an effective option for patients having OVCFs with recurrent pain at the previously treated level. There was a correlation between therapeutic benefits of repeat PV and the cleft sign disappearance in patients at the previously treated vertebral level.
Upper thoracic epidural anaesthesia: effects of age on neural blockade and cardiovascular parameters
Authors: WINK J. , WOLTERBEEK R. , AARTS L. P. H. J. , KOSTER S. C. E. , VERSTEEGH M. I. M. , VEERING B. T. H. 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundSegmental dose reduction with increasing age after thoracic epidural anaesthesia (TEA) has been documented. We hypothesised that after a fixed loading dose of ropivacaine at the T3–T4 level, increasing age would result in more extended analgesic spread. In addition, other aspects of neural blockade and haemodynamic changes were studied.MethodsThirty‐five lung surgery patients were included in three age groups. Thirty‐one patients received an epidural catheter at the T3–T4 interspace followed by an injection of 8‐ml ropivacaine 0.75%. Analgesia was assessed with pinprick and temperature discrimination. Motor block was tested using the Bromage and epidural scoring scale for arm movements score. An arterial line was inserted for invasive measurement of blood pressure, cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume (SV).ResultsThere was no influence of age on quality of TEA except for the caudal border of analgesia being somewhat lower in the middle and older age group compared with the young age group. Heart rate (6.0 ± 5.9, P < 0.001), mean arterial pressure (16.1 ± 15.6, P < 0.001), CI (0.55 ± 0.49, P < 0.001) and SV (9.6 ± 14.6, P = 0.001) decreased after TEA for the total group. Maximal reduction in heart rate after TEA was more extensive in the young age group compared with the other age groups. There was no effect of age on other cardiovascular parameters.ConclusionWe were unable to demonstrate an effect of age on the maximal number of spinal segments blocked after TEA; however, the caudad spread of analgesia increased with advancing age. In addition, reduction of heart rate was greater in the youngest group.
Evaluation of commercial skin prick test solutions for selected occupational allergens
Authors: van Kampen V. , de Blay F. , Folletti I. , Kobierski P. , Moscato G. , Olivieri M. , Quirce S. , Sastre J. , Walusiak‐Skorupa J. , Kotschy‐Lang N. , Müsken H. , Mahler V. , Schliemann S. , Ochmann U. , Sültz J. , Worm M. , Sander I. , Zahradnik E. , Brüning T. , Merget R. , Raulf‐Heimsoth M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundSkin prick testing (SPT) is an important step in the diagnosis of IgE‐mediated occupational allergic diseases. The outcome of SPT is related to the quality of allergen extracts. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess different commercially available SPT solutions for selected occupational allergens.MethodsSPT was performed in 116 bakers, 47 farmers and 33 subjects exposed to natural rubber latex (NRL), all with work‐related allergic symptoms. The SPT solutions from different manufacturers (n = 3–5) for wheat flour, rye flour, soy, cow hair/dander, storage mites (Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Acarus siro) and NRL were analysed with respect to their protein and antigen contents. SPT was carried out in 16 allergy centres in six European countries using standardized procedures. Specific IgE values were used as the gold standard to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of SPT solutions. The optimal cut‐point for each SPT solution was determined by Youden Index.ResultsProtein and antigen contents and patterns of the SPT solutions varied remarkably depending on the manufacturer. While SPT solutions for wheat flour and soy reached overall low sensitivities, sensitivities of other tested SPT solutions depended on the manufacturer. As a rule, solutions with higher protein and antigen content showed higher sensitivities and test efficiencies.ConclusionsThere is a wide variability of SPT solutions for occupational allergens, and the sensitivity of several solutions is low. Thus, improvement and standardization of SPT solutions for occupational allergens is essential.
Urodynamic evaluation: can it prevent the need for surgical intervention in women with apparent pure stress urinary incontinence?
Authors: Serati Maurizio , Cattoni Elena , Siesto Gabriele , Braga Andrea , Sorice Paola , Cantaluppi Simona , Cromi Antonella , Ghezzi Fabio , Vitobello Domenico , Bolis Pierfrancesco , Salvatore Stefano 
Published: February 2013

Objectives
To identify how many patients with symptoms of pure stress urinary incontinence (SUI) do not require any surgical treatment on the basis of urodynamics (UDS) and how many patients still do not require surgery 1 year after UDS.
To assess the outcomes of these patients at 12‐month follow‐up.
Patients and methods
Women with pure SUI received UDS and were prospectively divided into four groups, comprising women with: urodynamic stress incontinence (USI); detrusor overactivity (DO); USI + DO; and inconclusive UDS.
Women with USI underwent a Tension Free Vaginal Tape (Obturator) (TVT‐O) procedure (Gynecare; Ethicon Inc., Somerville, NJ, USA), whereas women with DO ±/− USI were recommended 24‐week antimuscarinic therapy.
Follow‐up was scheduled at 3 and 12 months. To define subjective outcomes, all patients completed the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – short form, the Patient Global Impression – Improvement and the Urinary Distress Inventory.
Patients were considered cured if they presented a negative stress test, a score reduction of at least 80% on the Urinary Distress Inventory and a response of ‘much better’ or ‘very much better’ on the Patient Global Impression – Improvement.
Results
Of the 263 women with pure SUI, 74.5% had a urodynamic diagnosis of USI, 10.6% had DO, 8% had USI + DO and 6.8% had inconclusive UDS.
At 12‐month follow‐up, 165/181 (91.6%) women in group 1 were considered cured post‐TVT‐O; in the other groups, 33/67 (49.2%) patients were considered cured simply as a result of taking antimuscarinics; 13 of these 67 patients required TVT‐O.
Conclusions
UDS is able to show that several patients with symptoms of pure SUI present an underlying DO and do not require surgery, even 1 year after UDS.
In these patients, antimuscarinic treatment appears to ensure a good rate of cure; thus, UDS could lead to the avoidance of several surgical procedures.
Resolution, sensitivity, and in vivo application of high‐resolution computed tomography for titanium‐coated polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dental implants
Authors: Cuijpers Vincent M. J. I. , Jaroszewicz Jacub , Anil Sukumaran , Al Farraj Aldosari Abdullah , Walboomers X. Frank , Jansen John A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of this study were (i) to determine the spatial resolution and sensitivity of micro‐ versus nano‐computed tomography (CT) techniques and (ii) to validate micro‐ versus nano‐CT in a dog dental implant model, comparative to histological analysis.Material and methodsTo determine spatial resolution and sensitivity, standardized reference samples containing standardized nano‐ and microspheres were prepared in polymer and ceramic matrices. Thereafter, 10 titanium‐coated polymer dental implants (3.2 mm in Ø by 4 mm in length) were placed in the mandible of Beagle dogs. Both micro‐ and nano‐CT, as well as histological analyses, were performed.ResultsThe reference samples confirmed the high resolution of the nano‐CT system, which was capable of revealing sub‐micron structures embedded in radiodense matrices. The dog implantation study and subsequent statistical analysis showed equal values for bone area and bone–implant contact measurements between micro‐CT and histology. However, because of the limited sample size and field of view, nano‐CT was not rendering reliable data representative of the entire bone–implant specimen.ConclusionsMicro‐CT analysis is an efficient tool to quantitate bone healing parameters at the bone–implant interface, especially when using titanium‐coated PMMA implants. Nano‐CT is not suitable for such quantification, but reveals complementary morphological information rivaling histology, yet with the advantage of a 3D visualization.
Relationship between postprandial metabolomics and colon motility in children with constipation
Authors: Rodriguez L. , Roberts L. D. , LaRosa J. , Heinz N. , Gerszten R. , Nurko S. , Goldstein A. M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe metabolic pathways associated with colonic motility are unknown. To identify potential metabolic targets for treatment of constipation, we examined the metabolic profile before and after a meal challenge in a cohort of children with constipation and determined its relationship with postprandial colon motility patterns.MethodsIn this prospective study, 187 metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry at multiple time points before and after a standardized meal in constipated children undergoing a colon manometry. Postprandial metabolite levels were compared with baseline and also correlated with multiple manometric measurements, including the number, frequency, and amplitude of pressure peaks as well as the motility index (MI).Key ResultsA total of 20 subjects were included (mean age 13.1 ± 3.4 years). No significant metabolite changes were observed at 10 min after the meal, whereas 16 amino acid and 22 lipid metabolites had significant (P < 0.005) postprandial changes, including decreases in methylhistamine, histamine, and GABA, by 60 min. Correlations were observed between normal and abnormal postprandial motility patterns and changes in specific metabolites, including glycerol, carnosine, alanine, asparagine, cytosine, choline, phosphocholine, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine. Interestingly, subjects without the normal postprandial increase in area under the curve (AUC), had markedly increased levels of kynurenic acid and adenosyl‐homocysteine.Conclusions & InferencesThis is the first study to examine postprandial metabolic changes in children and also to correlate changes in specific metabolites with colonic motility. The results suggest possible metabolic pathways associated with motility and identify potential targets for the treatment of constipation.
Corneolimbal squamous cell carcinoma with intraocular invasion in two cats
Authors: Scurrell Emma J. , Lewin Gary , Solomons Melanie , Rozmanec Michael , Belford Chris J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractUnilateral corneolimbal squamous cell carcinoma associated with intraocular invasion is described in two unrelated cats. The diagnosis was made on histopathological examination of the enucleated globes in both cases. Findings revealed squamous cell carcinoma infiltrating the limbus, adjacent cornea, and sclera with associated intraocular invasion at the level of the limbus.
Overcoming Allelic Specificity by Immunization with Five Allelic Forms of Plasmodium falciparum Apical Membrane Antigen 1
Authors: Miura Kazutoyo , Herrera Raul , Diouf Ababacar , Zhou Hong , Mu Jianbing , Hu Zonghui , MacDonald Nicholas J. , Reiter Karine , Nguyen Vu , Shimp Richard L. , Singh Kavita , Narum David L. , Long Carole A. , Miller Louis H. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is a leading vaccine candidate, but the allelic polymorphism is a stumbling block for vaccine development. We previously showed that a global set of AMA1 haplotypes could be grouped into six genetic populations. Using this information, six recombinant AMA1 proteins representing each population were produced. Rabbits were immunized with either a single recombinant AMA1 protein or mixtures of recombinant AMA1 proteins (mixtures of 4, 5, or 6 AMA1 proteins). Antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and purified IgG from each rabbit was used for growth inhibition assay (GIA) with 12 different clones of parasites (a total of 108 immunogen-parasite combinations). Levels of antibodies to all six AMA1 proteins were similar when the antibodies were tested against homologous antigens. When the percent inhibitions in GIA were plotted against the number of ELISA units measured with homologous AMA1, all data points followed a sigmoid curve, regardless of the immunogen. In homologous combinations, there were no differences in the percent inhibition between the single-allele and allele mixture groups. However, all allele mixture groups showed significantly higher percent inhibition than the single-allele groups in heterologous combinations. The 5-allele-mixture group showed significantly higher inhibition to heterologous parasites than the 4-allele-mixture group. On the other hand, there was no difference between the 5- and 6-allele-mixture groups. These data indicate that mixtures with a limited number of alleles may cover a majority of the parasite population. In addition, using the data from 72 immunogen-parasite combinations, we mathematically identified 13 amino acid polymorphic sites which significantly impact GIA activities. These results could be a foundation for the rational design of a future AMA1 vaccine.
A Mobile Rapid-Scanning X-band Polarimetric (RaXPol) Doppler Radar System
Authors: Pazmany Andrew L. , Mead James B. , Bluestein Howard B. , Snyder Jeffrey C. , Houser Jana B. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
A novel, rapid-scanning, X-band (3-cm wavelength), polarimetric (RaXPol), mobile radar was developed for severe-weather research. The radar employs a 2.4-m-diameter dual-polarized parabolic dish antenna on a high-speed pedestal capable of rotating the antenna at 180° s−1. The radar can complete a 10-elevation-step volume scan in about 20 s, while maintaining a 180-record-per-second data rate. The transmitter employs a 20-kW peak-power traveling wave tube amplifier that can generate pulse compression and frequency-hopping waveforms. Frequency hopping permits the acquisition of many more independent samples possible than without frequency hopping, making it possible to scan much more rapidly than conventional radars. Standard data products include vertically and horizontally polarized equivalent radar reflectivity factor, Doppler velocity mean and standard deviation, copolar cross-correlation coefficient, and differential phase. This paper describes the radar system and illustrates the capabilities of the radar through selected analyses of data collected in the U.S. central plains during the 2011 spring tornado season. Also noted are opportunities for experimenting with different signal-processing techniques to reduce beam smearing, increase sensitivity, and improve range resolution.
Analysis of the genomic sequence of Philosamia cynthia nucleopolyhedrin virus and comparison with Antheraea pernyinucleopolyhedrin virus
Authors: Qian Heying , Zhang Yuehua , Wu Yejun , Sun Pingiang , Zhu Shanying , Guo Xijie , Gao Kun , Xu Anying , Wang Wenbing 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Two species of wild silkworms, the Chinese oak silkworm (Antheraea pernyi) and the castor silkworm Philosamia cynthia ricini, can acquire a serious disease caused by Nucleopolyhedrin Viruses (NPVs) (known as AnpeNPV and PhcyNPV, respectively). The two viruses have similar polyhedral morphologies and their viral fragments share high sequence similarity. However, the physical maps of the viral genomes and cross-infectivity of the viruses are different. The genome sequences of two AnpeNPV isolates have been published.

Results
We sequenced and analyzed the full-length genome of PhcyNPV to compare the gene contents of the two viruses. The genome of PhcyNPV is 125, 376 bp, with a G + C content of 53.65%, and encodes 138 open reading frames (ORFs) of at least 50 amino acids (aa) (GenBank accession number: JX404026). Between PhcyNPV and AnpeMNPV-L and -Z isolates, 126 ORFs are identical, including 30 baculovirus core genes. Nine ORFs were only found in PhcyNPV. Four genes, cath, v-chi, lef 10 and lef 11, were not found in PhcyNPV. However, most of the six genes required for infectivity via the oral route were found in PhcyNPV and in the two AnpeNPV isolates, with high sequence similarities. The pif-3 gene of PhcyNPV contained 59 aa extra amino acids at the N-terminus compared with AnpeNPV.

Conclusions
Most of the genes in PhcyNPV are similar to the two AnpeNPV isolates, including the direction of expression of the ORFs. Only a few genes were missing from PhcyNPV. These data suggest that PhcyNPV and AnpeNPV might be variants of each other, and that the differences in cross-infection might be caused by gene mutations.