bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fosmid-Based Structure-Function Analysis Reveals Functionally Distinct Domains in the Cytoplasmic Domain ofDrosophilaCrumbs
Authors: Klose Sven , Flores-Benitez David , Riedel Falko , Knust Elisabeth 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein Crumbs is required for epithelial polarity and morphogenesis in the embryo, control of tissue size in imaginal discs and morphogenesis of photoreceptor cells, and prevents light-dependent retinal degeneration. The small cytoplasmic domain contains two highly conserved regions, a FERM (i.e., protein 4.1/ezrin/radixin/moesin)-binding and a PDZ (i.e., postsynaptic density/discs large/ZO-1)-binding domain. Using a fosmid-based transgenomic approach, we analyzed the role of the two domains during invagination of the tracheae and the salivary glands in the Drosophila embryo. We provide data to show that the PDZ-binding domain is essential for the maintenance of cell polarity in both tissues. In contrast, in embryos expressing a Crumbs protein with an exchange of a conserved Tyrosine residue in the FERM-binding domain to an Alanine, both tissues are internalized, despite some initial defects in apical constriction, phospho-Moesin recruitment, and coordinated invagination movements. However, at later stages these embryos fail to undergo dorsal closure, germ band retraction, and head involution. In addition, frequent defects in tracheal fusion were observed. These results suggest stage and/or tissue specific binding partners. We discuss the power of this fosmid-based system for detailed structure-function analyses in comparison to the UAS/Gal4 system.
A High Load of Non-neutral Amino-Acid Polymorphisms Explains High Protein Diversity Despite Moderate Effective Population Size in a Marine Bivalve With Sweepstakes Reproduction
Authors: Harrang Estelle , Lapègue Sylvie , Morga Benjamin , Bierne Nicolas 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMarine bivalves show among the greatest allozyme diversity ever reported in Eukaryotes, putting them historically at the heart of the neutralist−selectionist controversy on the maintenance of genetic variation. Although it is now acknowledged that this high diversity is most probably a simple consequence of a large population size, convincing support for this explanation would require a rigorous assessment of the silent nucleotide diversity in natural populations of marine bivalves, which has not yet been done. This study investigated DNA sequence polymorphism in a set of 37 nuclear loci in wild samples of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Silent diversity was found to be only moderate (0.7%), and there was no departure from demographic equilibrium under the Wright-Fisher model, suggesting that the effective population size might not be as large as might have been expected. In accordance with allozyme heterozygosity, nonsynonymous diversity was comparatively very high (0.3%), so that the nonsynonymous to silent diversity ratio reached a value rarely observed in any other organism. We estimated that one-quarter of amino acid-changing mutations behave as neutral in O. edulis, and as many as one-third are sufficiently weakly selected to segregate at low frequency in the polymorphism. Finally, we inferred that one oyster is expected to carry more than 4800 non-neutral alleles (or 4.2 cM−1). We conclude that a high load of segregating non-neutral amino-acid polymorphisms contributes to high protein diversity in O. edulis. The high fecundity of marine bivalves together with an unpredictable and highly variable success of reproduction and recruitment (sweepstakes reproduction) might produce a greater decoupling between Ne and N than in other organisms with lower fecundities, and we suggest this could explain why a higher segregating load could be maintained for a given silent mutation effective size.
Level of Trainee and Tracheal Intubation Outcomes
Authors: Sanders Ronald C. , Giuliano John S. , Sullivan Janice E. , Brown Calvin A. , Walls Ron M. , Nadkarni Vinay , Nishisaki Akira ,   for the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children Investigators and Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators Network
Published: February 2013

BACKGROUND:
Tracheal intubation is an important intervention to stabilize critically ill and injured children. Provider training level has been associated with procedural safety and outcomes in the neonatal intensive care settings. We hypothesized that tracheal intubation success and adverse tracheal intubation–associated events are correlated with provider training level in the PICU.

METHODS:
A prospective multicenter observational cohort study was performed across 15 PICUs to evaluate tracheal intubation between July 2010 to December 2011. All data were collected by using a standard National Emergency Airway Registry for Children reporting system endorsed as a Quality Improvement project of the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigator network. Outcome measures included first attempt success, overall success, and adverse tracheal intubation–associated events.

RESULTS:
Reported were 1265 primary oral intubation encounters by pediatric providers. First and overall attempt success were residents (37%, 51%), fellows (70%, 89%), and attending physicians (72%, 94%). After adjustment for relevant patient factors, fellow provider was associated with a higher rate of first attempt success (odds ratio [OR], 4.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.24–5.68) and overall success (OR, 9.27; 95% CI, 6.56–13.1) compared with residents. Fellow (versus resident) as first airway provider was associated with fewer tracheal intubation associated events (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.31–0.57).

CONCLUSIONS:
Across a broad spectrum of PICUs, resident provider tracheal intubation success is low and adverse associated events are high, compared with fellows. More intensive pediatric resident procedural training is necessary before “live” tracheal intubations in the intensive care setting.
School Environment and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: A Multilevel Longitudinal Study
Authors: Brière Frédéric N. , Pascal Sophie , Dupéré Véronique , Janosz Michel 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE:It remains unclear whether school environments can influence the emotional health of adolescents. In this large-scale prospective study, we use multilevel modeling to examine whether the school socioeducational environment contributes to the risk of developing depressive symptoms in secondary school students.METHODS:As part of a longitudinal study on school success in disadvantaged communities, 5262 adolescents from 71 secondary schools were followed annually. Socioeducational environment was assessed by a composite measure of social climate, learning opportunities, fairness and clarity of rules, and safety. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Multilevel regressions tested the association between school socioeducational environment in grade 8 and depressive symptoms in grades 10 to 11, adjusting for previous depressive symptoms in grade 7 and potential confounders at the individual and school levels.RESULTS:Modest but significant variation in depressive symptoms was found between schools (intraclass correlation = 3.3%). School-level socioeducational environment in grade 8 was predictive of student depressive symptoms in grades 10 to 11, even after adjusting for potential school and individual confounders. This association was slightly stronger for girls. Student perceptions of school socioeducational environment were also predictive of depressive symptoms. Other school-level factors, including school size, were not predictive of depressive symptoms once socioeducational environment was taken into account.CONCLUSIONS:Adolescents who attend a secondary school with a better socioeducational environment are at reduced risk of developing depressive symptoms. School environments appear to have a greater influence on risk in adolescent girls than boys.
Pediatric Advance Care Planning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lotz Julia D. , Jox Ralf J. , Borasio Gian Domenico , Führer Monika 
Published: February 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Advance care planning (ACP) is increasingly regarded as the gold standard in the care of patients with life-limiting illnesses. Research has focused on adults, but ACP is also being practiced in pediatrics. We conducted a systematic review on empirical literature on pediatric ACP (pACP) to assess current practices, effects, and perspectives of pACP.METHODS:We searched PubMed, BELIT, and PSYCinfo for empirical literature on pACP, published January 1991 through January 2012. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by 3 independent reviewers for studies that met the predefined criteria. The evidence level of the studies was assessed. Relevant study outcomes were retrieved according to predefined questions.RESULTS:We included 5 qualitative and 8 quantitative studies. Only 3 pACP programs were identified, all from the United States. Two of them were informed by adult programs. Major pACP features are discussions between families and care providers, as well as advance directives. A chaplain and other providers may be involved if required. Programs vary in how well they are evaluated; only 1 was studied by using a randomized controlled trial. Preliminary data suggest that pACP can successfully be implemented and is perceived as helpful. It may be emotionally relieving and facilitate communication and decision-making. Major challenges are negative reactions from emergency services, schools, and the community.CONCLUSIONS:There are few systematic pACP programs worldwide and none in Europe. Future research should investigate the needs of all stakeholders. In particular, the perspective of professionals has so far been neglected.
Spontaneous Bisphosphonate‐Induced Osteonecrosis of a Mid‐Palatal Torus: A Case Report
Authors: McLeod Dwight E. , Gautam Medha , Reyes Elio , Pandarakalam Cyril , Seyer Bradley A. 
Published: February 2013

Introduction: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are commonly used in the United States primarily in postmenopausal females with a history of osteoporosis. BP therapy may result in bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). BRONJ is described as exposed bone in the maxillofacial region persisting for >8 weeks in a patient who is taking or has taken a BP and has not had radiation therapy to the head and neck. The prevalence of BRONJ seems to vary depending on the mode and frequency of administration, drug potency, duration of treatment, and other factors.Case Presentation: This case report describes an incidence of BP‐induced osteonecrosis of a mid‐palatal torus in a 77‐year‐old patient of African‐European heritage who was previously treated for osteoporosis. The lesion appeared as a pustulated erythematous soft‐tissue mass with partially exposed bone covered in plaque. The lesion was surgically debrided using a modified flap procedure and sent for histopathologic analysis. Systemic antibiotics, pain medication, and antimicrobial mouthrinse were prescribed. The mid‐palatal area healed without complications, and the histopathology was consistent with BP‐induced osteonecrosis with evidence of Actinomyces species.Conclusions: With the widespread use of BPs and the prevalence of tori and/or exostoses, it is likely that clinicians may encounter a greater frequency of BP‐induced osteonecrosis of these poorly vascularized bony growths that may initiate from daily traumatic oral activities. Clinicians should communicate to their patients the potential dangers that necrosis may cause. Treatment should be decisive, urgent, and incorporate aggressive management.
Identifying Ontological Modifications to the Resource-Event-Agent (REA) Enterprise Ontology Using a Bunge-Wand-Weber Ontological Evaluation
Authors: Tegarden David P. , Schaupp Ludwig Christian , Dull Richard B. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTA Bunge-Wand-Weber (BWW) ontological evaluation was performed to evaluate the REA enterprise ontology for appropriateness as a basis for today's enterprise systems. A BWW ontological evaluation emphasizes two criteria (completeness and clarity) and two independent mappings (representation and interpretation). The results of the evaluation confirm that the majority of the REA constructs correspond with a subset of the BWW constructs. Based on the results of this study, there are recommended modifications to the REA enterprise ontology including extensions associated with state, event, and system related constructs, as well as other clarifications.
Effects of intratesticular injection of bupivacaine and epidural administration of morphine in dogs undergoing castration
Authors: Perez Tania E. , Grubb Tamara L. , Greene Stephen A. , Meyer Shona , Valdez Nicole , Bingman Janel , Farnsworth Raelynn 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the intraoperative and postoperative analgesic efficacy of intratesticular or epidural injection of analgesics for dogs undergoing castration.
Design—Randomized controlled trial.
Animals—51 healthy male dogs.
Procedures—Dogs were assigned to a control group that received analgesics systemically (hydromorphone [0.1 mg/kg {0.045 mg/lb}, IM] and carprofen [4.4 mg/kg {2.0 mg/lb}, SC]; n = 17), an epidural treatment group that received analgesics systemically and morphine (0.1 mg/kg) epidurally (17), or an intratesticular treatment group that received analgesics systemically and bupivacaine (0.5 mg/kg [0.23 mg/lb]/testis) intratesticularly (17). Dogs were anesthetized and castrated by veterinary students. Responses to surgical stimulation were monitored intraoperatively, and treatments were administered as required. Pain scores were assigned via a modified Glasgow composite pain scale after surgery. Serum cortisol concentrations were determined at various times. Rescue analgesia included fentanyl (intraoperatively) and hydromorphone (postoperatively).
Results—Compared with control dogs, dogs in the intratesticular bupivacaine and epidural morphine treatment groups received significantly fewer doses of fentanyl intraoperatively (11, 1, and 5 doses, respectively) and hydromorphone postoperatively (14, 7, and 3 doses, respectively) and had significantly lower postoperative pain scores (mean ± SEM score at first assessment time, 71 ± 0.5, 4.8 ± 0.2, and 4.5 ± 0.4, respectively). At 15 minutes after removal of the testes, serum cortisol concentrations were significantly higher than they were immediately prior to surgery for all groups and values for the intratesticular bupivacaine treatment group were significantly lower versus the other 2 groups.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Intratesticular or epidural injection of analgesics improved perioperative analgesia for dogs undergoing castration.
Assessment of the prevalence and clinical features of cryptogenic epilepsy in dogs: 45 cases (2003–2011)
Authors: Schwartz Malte , Muñana Karen R. , Nettifee-Osborne Julie 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the prevalence and clinical features of cryptogenic epilepsy among dogs.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—214 client-owned dogs with onset of epileptic seizures at ≥ 7 years of age.
Procedures—A diagnostic imaging database was searched for dogs with symptomatic or cryptogenic epilepsy. Signalment, seizure history, and diagnostic information were recorded. Information regarding seizure frequency, administration of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), owners' perceptions regarding quality of life, survival times, and causes of death for dogs with cryptogenic epilepsy was obtained via questionnaire. Variables were compared among dogs grouped according to diagnosis and age.
Results—45 (21%) dogs had a diagnosis of cryptogenic epilepsy, and 169 (79%) had symptomatic epilepsy. In dogs 7 to 9 years and ≥ 10 years of age at the time of seizure onset, 31 of 106 (29%) and 14 of 108 (13%), respectively, had a diagnosis of cryptogenic epilepsy. At last follow-up, most (40 [89%]) dogs with cryptogenic epilepsy were receiving ≥ 1 AED. Thirty-one of 37 (84%) dogs typically had ≤ 1 seizure/mo following hospital discharge. Death was confirmed in 20 (44%) dogs with cryptogenic epilepsy and was related to seizures or AEDs in 7 Median survival time from onset of seizures was 52 months for all dogs with cryptogenic epilepsy. Median quality-of-life score (scale, 1 [poor] to 10 [excellent]) indicated by 34 owners of dogs with cryptogenic epilepsy was 10 before diagnosis and initiation of AED treatment and 8 afterward.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cryptogenic epilepsy was diagnosed in a substantial proportion of dogs with an onset of epileptic seizures at ≥ 7 years of age. Seizure control was considered acceptable in most dogs.
Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy Spaces Associated with Operators Satisfying Reinforced Off-Diagonal Estimates
Authors: Bui The Anh , Cao Jun , Ky Luong Dang , Yang Dachun , Yang Sibei 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Let X be a metric space with doubling measure and L a one-to-one operator of type ω having a bounded H∞ -functional calculus in L2(X) satisfying the reinforced (pL; qL) off-diagonal estimates on balls, where pL ∊ [1; 2) and qL ∊ (2;∞]. Let φ : X × [0;∞) → [0;∞) be a function such that φ (x;·) is an Orlicz function, φ(·;t) ∊ A∞(X) (the class of uniformly Muckenhoupt weights), its uniformly critical upper type index l(φ) ∊ (0;1] and φ(·; t) satisfies the uniformly reverse Hölder inequality of order (qL/l(φ))′, where (qL/l(φ))′ denotes the conjugate exponent of qL/l(φ). In this paper, the authors introduce a Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy space Hφ;L(X), via the Lusin-area function associated with L, and establish its molecular characterization. In particular, when L is nonnegative self-adjoint and satisfies the Davies-Gaffney estimates, the atomic characterization of Hφ,L(X) is also obtained. Furthermore, a sufficient condition for the equivalence between Hφ,L(ℝn) and the classical Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy space Hv(ℝn) is given. Moreover, for the Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy space Hφ,L(ℝn) associated with the second order elliptic operator in divergence form on ℝn or the Schrödinger operator L := −Δ + V with 0 ≤ V ∊ L1loc(ℝn), the authors further obtain its several equivalent characterizations in terms of various non-tangential and radial maximal functions; finally, the authors show that the Riesz transform ∇L−1/2 is bounded from Hφ,L(ℝn) to the Musielak-Orlicz space Lφ(ℝn) when i(φ) ∊ (0; 1], from Hφ,L(ℝn) to Hφ(ℝn) when i(φ) ∊ (

; 1], and from Hφ,L(ℝn) to the weak Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy space WHφ(ℝn) when i(φ)=

is attainable and φ(·; t) ∊ A1(X), where i(φ) denotes the uniformly critical lower type index of φ
E-learning - evaluation of a diagnostic decision support system in undergraduate medical training
Authors: Berggren Michel , Nilsson Gunnar , Kronvall Göran , Josephson Anna 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Enhanced diagnostic reasoning by medical students has a positive effect on learning diagnostic procedures. Decision support systems (DSS) are intended to support this process in the clinical phase of medical education. The aim was to explore both the use and usefulness of such a system, as well as adjustments needed for an optimal implementation in undergraduate medical training.
Methods
Using a dispersive implementation strategy, fourth-year medical students (n=130) were given access to a DSS (DXplain) during the two-semester course in internal medicine. The students were asked to participate in an internet-based questionnaire survey at the end.
Results
A majority (61.8%) of the users found the system more or less useful, 41.8% found it relatively easy to use, and a majority (54.9%) would like to have future access to the system. However, the usage was limited, and several issues needed for an optimal implementation were found related to interface, logic, usefulness, accessibility and motivation.
Conclusions
The DXplain system were more or less useful and relatively easy to use in undergraduate medical training, and the usage was limited using an dispersive implementation. An optimal implementation needs to be stricter including taking several aspects of usefulness into account, and a pronounced integration in theoretical and clinical phases of the education is needed to take advantage of its full potential in undergraduate medical training.
MRI evaluation of tibial tunnel wall cortical bone formation after platelet-rich plasma applied during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Rupreht Mitja , Vogrin Matjaž , Hussein Mohsen 
Published: February 2013

Background. After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, formation of cortical sclerotic bone encircling the femoral and tibial tunnel is a part of intratunnel graft healing. During the physiological cascades of soft tissue healing and bone growth, cellular and hormonal factors play an important role. The purpose of this study was to noninvasively but quantitatively assess the effect of intraoperatively applied platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the formation of cortical bone encircling the tibial tunnel.
Patients and methods. In fifty patients, standard arthroscopic ACL reconstructions were performed. The PRP group (n = 25) received a local application of PRP while the control group (n = 25) did not receive PRP. The proximal tibial tunnel was examined by MRI in the paraxial plane where the portion of the tibial tunnel wall circumference consisting of sclerotic cortical bone was assessed with testing occurring at one, two and a half and six months after surgery. Results. At one month after surgery, differences between the groups in the amount of cortical sclerotic bone encircling the tunnel were not significant (p = 0.928). At two and a half months, the sclerotic portion of the tunnel wall in the PRP group (36.2%) was significantly larger than in the control (22.5%) group (p = 0.004). At six months, the portion of sclerotic bone in the PRP group (67.1%) was also significantly larger than in the control (53.5%) group (p = 0.003).
Conclusions. Enhanced cortical bone formation encircling the tibial tunnel at 2.5 and 6 months after ACL graft reconstruction results from locally applied platelet-rich plasma.
Financial and Tax Management in Small and Medium Sized Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Bestvinová Viera , Homokyová Mária , Horváthová Martina 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Target of this paper was to evaluate the importance of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Slovakia and to determine the application of financial and tax management in this type of enterprises. The results of our findings confirm that SMEs have an important role in Slovakia, and also that especially small businesses have little or no experience with the application of financial and tax management. Therefore the paper contains recommendations for financial and tax management of SMEs.
Information Quality, Its Dimension and the Basic Criteria for Assessing Information Quality
Authors: alá Jana , Černá Ľubica 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Poor quality of information in modern organizations depends on many aspects. As such the size and nature of the information, human factors, organizational culture, experience and skills as a manager and other team members, technology, but also the quality of inputs including, but not least, include data quality. Applying methodology of quality control help organizations create effective management of its information. The method of quality information control depends on all those aspects. The importance of the organization should be given to dispose of an optimum amount of information in the required quality and especially to share this information. Quality information is the key to the success of the project management, but also in many other areas. Understanding the mechanics of control information management and class is essential, but it is experience that distinguishes successful information quality managers.