bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a novel and efficient solvent system
containing chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide for radio-cesium
recovery from acidic wastes
Authors: Kandwal Pankaj , Mohapatra Prasanta Kumar 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
A novel solvent system containing chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide (CCD) in a diluent mixture containing 2-nitrophenyloctyl
ether (NPOE) and n-dodecane was found to be highly efficient for the extraction of radio-cesium from acidic feed
conditions. When PEG-400 (polyethylene glycol with average molecular weight of 400) was added to the solvent system, it was
found to extract radio-strontium as well similar to that reported with the UNEX (Universal Extractant) solvent. The solvent
system was found to be superior as compared to analogous solvent systems reported previously using CCD in either nitrobenzene
or PTMS (phenyltrifluoromethyl sulphone, a fluorinated diluent). The present work deals with less toxic solvent formulation
which can be used as an alternative to these hazardous/toxic chemicals for simultaneous recovery of Cs(I) and Sr(II) from
acidic solutions. Batch co-current extraction data are also presented for the simultaneous recovery of Cs and Sr which indicated
near quantitative extraction (>99.5%) of the metal ions in 4 and 3 stages, respectively. The reusability and
radiolytic stability studies were also carried out which suggested highly encouraging results.
Simultaneous solid phase extraction of cobalt, strontium and cesium
from liquid radioactive waste using microcrystalline naphthalene
Authors: Hamed Mostafa Mohamed , Attallah Mohamed Fathy , Metwally Sayed Sayed 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Most of the procedures developed for the extraction of cobalt, strontium and cesium by solid phase extraction do not employ
simultaneous extraction of them. In this study, rapid simultaneous removal of Co2+, Sr2+ and Cs+ on
microcrystalline naphthalene as solid-phase extractant was investigated. These ions were allowed to form chelates with oxine and then
adsorbed on freshly microcrystalline naphthalene from aqueous solutions. The solid phase extraction procedure (SPE) was optimized by
using model solution containing Co2+, Sr2+ and Cs+ in batch system. The effects of different parameters
such as variation in pH, reagent concentration, standing time, naphthalene solution concentration and contact time on the simultaneous
removal of these ions was studied. The obtained results indicated that, sorption was found to be rapid, and the percentage removal of
Co2+, Sr2+ and Cs+ was found to be 98, 79 and 68% within 10 min, respectively. The
kinetics of the sorption process was investigated to understand the kinetic characteristics of sorption of metal chelates onto
microcrystalline naphthalene. The developed procedure has been successfully applied to the removal and recovery of 60Co and
134Cs from liquid radioactive waste. The parameters can be used for designing a plant for treatment of wastewater
economically.
Wnt meets Warburg: another piece in the puzzle?
Authors: Thompson Craig B 
Published: May 2014

One of the most common abnormalities of cancer cells is their predilection to engage in a high rate of glycolysis despite the continued availability of oxygen. First described by Otto Warburg, this phenomenon of aerobic glycolysis (or the Warburg effect) has recently been proposed to result from cancer‐associated alterations in signal transduction pathways. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Pate et al provide further support for this hypothesis by demonstrating that Wnt signaling plays an important role in establishing aerobic glycolysis as a mechanism to support in vivo cancer cell proliferation.
Abscisic Acid Regulates Root Elongation Through the Activities of Auxin and Ethylene inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Thole Julie M , Beisner Erin R , Liu James , Venkova Savina V , Strader Lucia C 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) regulates many aspects of plant growth and development, including inhibition of root elongation and seed germination. We performed an ABA resistance screen to identify factors required for ABA response in root elongation inhibition. We identified two classes of Arabidopsis thaliana AR mutants that displayed ABA-resistant root elongation: those that displayed resistance to ABA in both root elongation and seed germination and those that displayed resistance to ABA in root elongation but not in seed germination. We used PCR-based genotyping to identify a mutation in ABA INSENSITIVE2 (ABI2), positional information to identify mutations in AUXIN RESISTANT1 (AUX1) and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2), and whole genome sequencing to identify mutations in AUX1, AUXIN RESISTANT4 (AXR4), and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE ROOT1/PIN-FORMED2 (EIR1/PIN2). Identification of auxin and ethylene response mutants among our isolates suggested that auxin and ethylene responsiveness were required for ABA inhibition of root elongation. To further our understanding of auxin/ethylene/ABA crosstalk, we examined ABA responsiveness of double mutants of ethylene overproducer1 (eto1) or ein2 combined with auxin-resistant mutants and found that auxin and ethylene likely operate in a linear pathway to affect ABA-responsive inhibition of root elongation, whereas these two hormones likely act independently to affect ABA-responsive inhibition of seed germination.
Cryptic Activity of Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and Eculizumab Treatment
Authors: Belingheri Mirco , Possenti Ilaria , Tel Francesca , Paglialonga Fabio , Testa Sara , Salardi Stefania , Ardissino Gianluigi 
Published: May 2014

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare, life-threatening disease often related to uncontrolled complement activation. The use of eculizumab has changed the management and the outcome of aHUS, becoming the frontline treatment of the acute disease and for the prevention of relapses. We report the case of a male patient with aHUS due to complement factor H gene mutation who was shifted from plasmatherapy to eculizumab for preventing disease relapses. The shift to eculizumab was associated with a significant decrease in proteinuria, revealing disease activity otherwise unsuspected, being the classic criteria of disease activity (platelet, haptoglobin, LDH, schistocytes), all in the normal range.
The condition of proteinuria as the only sign of thrombotic microangiopathy activity is here designated as “cryptic activity of aHUS.”
Corrosion Evaluation of Rust Converter and Microcrystalline Wax on Cannon Balls from San Juan de Ulua Fortress
Authors: Orozco-Cruz R. , Ambros-Peralta M. , Galvan-Martinez R. , Reyes-Trujeque J. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTOne of the main problems encountered by curators and conservators in charge of metallic collections from Historical Heritage is related to their long-term conservation, since metallic artifacts undergo corrosion phenomena, which are the result of the interaction between the metal and its environment. The use of rust converters and microcrystalline waxes can be an ecological alternative to the traditional and more aggressive conservation techniques. Although the mechanism of action of these compounds is not clear, it is assumed that they react with iron oxides and generate new compounds that may have a passivation effect on the metallic surface. This paper proposes to show how simple electrochemical techniques can be used as an efficient tool to contribute to the diagnosis of the conservation state of cannon balls and to monitor the restoration treatment. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the effectiveness of a rust converter based on tannins and phosphoric acid, and one microcrystalline wax applied on cannon balls samples exposed to a marine atmosphere. The protection properties of the oxide or conversion layer are evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The results obtained suggest that the use of the rust converter and microcrystalline wax protects the cannon balls, even though its effect is less evident when the deterioration degree is larger.
The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Systemic Inflammation in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From the South London Diabetes Study
Authors: Laake Jean-Pierre S. , Stahl Daniel , Amiel Stephanie A. , Petrak Frank , Sherwood Roy A. , Pickup John C. , Ismail Khalida 
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE
The prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms is increased twofold in people with type 2 diabetes compared with the general population and is associated with worse biomedical outcomes and increased mortality. Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and depression in nondiabetes subjects are independently associated with raised concentrations of circulating inflammatory markers, but it is not known if a similar association is observed in type 2 diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that higher depressive symptom scores in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients were associated with higher concentrations of inflammatory markers.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Depressive symptoms in adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes recruited from primary care were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Twelve markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], interleukin-4 [IL-4], IL-6, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist [IL-1RA], monocyte chemotactic protein-1 [MCP-1], white blood cell count [WBC], adiponectin, and triglyceride [TG]) were measured. Covariates included sociodemographic factors, adiposity, macrovascular disease, HbA1c, and prescribed medication. The association between each inflammatory marker and depressive symptom score was estimated by multiple linear regression.

RESULTS
The baseline cohort consisted of 1,790 participants. After adjusting for covariates, CRP (B = 0.13, P &lt; 0.001), IL-1β (B = 0.06, P = 0.047), IL-1RA (B = 0.13, P &lt; 0.001), MCP-1 (B = 0.11, P = 0.001), WBC (B = 0.13, P &lt; 0.001), and TG (B = 0.10, P &lt; 0.001) were associated with depressive symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS
Increased inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of depressive symptoms in type 2 diabetes and contribute to the increased risk of complications and mortality in this group.
Use of a morphometric method and body fat index system for estimation of body composition in overweight and obese cats
Authors: Witzel Angela L. , Kirk Claudia A. , Henry George A. , Toll Philip W. , Brejda John J. , Paetau-Robinson Inke 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Objective—To develop morphometric equations for prediction of body composition and create a body fat index (BFI) system to estimate body fat percentage in overweight and obese cats.
Design—Prospective evaluation study.
Animals—76 overweight or obese cats ≥ 1 year of age.
Procedures—Body condition score (BCS) was determined with a 5-point scale, morphometric measurements were made, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed. Visual and palpation-based evaluation of various body regions was conducted, and results were used for development of the BFI system. Best-fit multiple regression models were used to develop equations for predicting lean body mass and fat mass from morphometric measurements. Predicted values for body composition components were compared with DEXA results.
Results—For the study population, prediction equations accounted for 85% of the variation in lean body mass and 98% of the variation in fat mass. Values derived from morphometric equations for fat mass and lean mass were within 10% of DEXA values for 55 of 76 (72%) and 66 of 76 (87%) cats, respectively. Body fat as a percentage of total body weight (ie, body fat percentage) predicted with the BCS and BFI was within 10% of the DEXA value for 5 of 39 (13%) and 22 of 39 (56%) cats, respectively.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The BFI system and morphometric equations were considered accurate for estimation of body composition components in overweight and obese cats of the study population and appeared to be more useful than BCS for evaluation of these patients. Further research is needed to validate the use of these methods in other feline populations. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2014;244:1285–1290)
Osseous-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy in dogs: 27 cases (2000–2012)
Authors: Delamaide Gasper Joy A. , Rylander Helena , Stenglein Jennifer L. , Waller Kenneth R. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the signalment, neurologic examination and imaging findings, and outcome in dogs treated medically or surgically for osseous-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (OACSM).
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—27 client-owned dogs.
Procedures—Medical records for dogs with OACSM (diagnosis made in 2000 through 2012) were reviewed. Collected data included signalment, neurologic examination findings (graded from 0 [normal] to 5 [tetraplegia]), imaging findings, treatment, and outcome. From MRI and CT images, measurements were obtained for subjective grading of spinal cord compression.
Results—Among the 27 dogs, the median age was 2 years; there were 15 Great Danes, 3 Mastiffs, 3 Newfoundlands, and 6 other large-breed dogs. For medically treated dogs (n = 7), the median initial neurologic grade was 2; for surgically treated dogs (20), the median initial neurologic grade was 3. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed dorsolateral spinal cord compression in 22 dogs and lateral spinal cord compression in 5 dogs. Dogs with more severe compressions were slightly more likely to undergo surgical than medical treatment. Median survival time of medically treated dogs was 43 months, and that of surgically treated dogs was 60 months. Fifteen of 19 dogs treated surgically had improved neurologic grades at 4 to 8 weeks after surgery and had a good to excellent long-term outcome.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Surgical treatment of dogs with OACSM resulted in neurologic improvement and was associated with a good long-term outcome. For dogs that received medical treatment, neurologic deterioration continued but some patients did well for several years. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2014;244:1309–1318)
Micronucleus, alkaline, and human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 modified comet assays evaluation of glass-ionomer cements - in vitro
Authors: Galić Elizabeta , Tadin Antonija , Galić Nada , Kašuba Vilena , Mladinić Marin , Rozgaj Ružica , Biočina-Lukenda Dolores , Galić Ivan , Želježić Davor 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of components leached from two conventional self-curing glass-ionomer cements (Fuji IX and Ketac Molar), and light-curing, resin modified glass-ionomer cements (Vitrebond, Fuji II LC). Evaluation was performed on human lymphocytes using alkaline and hOGG1 modified comet, and micronucleus assays. Each material, polymerised and unpolymerised, was eluted in extracellular saline (1 cm2 mL-1) for 1 h, 1 day, and 5 days. Cultures were treated with eluates using final dilutions of 10-2, 10-3, and 10-4. Alkaline comet assay did not detect changes in DNA migration of treated cells regardless of the ionomer tested, polymerisation state, and elution duration. Glass ionomers failed to significantly influence micronucleus frequency. No oxidative DNA damage in treated lymphocytes was observed using hOGG1 modified comet assay. Obtained results indicate high biocompatibility of all tested materials used in the study under experimental conditions.
The Influence of Inflation on the Real Value of Paid Out Dividends on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the Years 2000–2012
Authors: Jabłoński Bartłomiej Łukasz 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The article describes the issue of inflation and its influence on the value of dividends received by investors. In addition, the topic of dividend policy in the conditions of high (double-digit) inflation is discussed. The impact of inflation on the real rate of return from investments should be taken into consideration by investors who invest both in bonds and in shares. Research shows that, whereas bond market investors understand the impact of inflation on discount rates, stock market investors do not account for the impact of inflation on future earnings growth (Chordia et al, 2005, p.554).
On the basis of the conducted analyses the author concluded that in the 2000-2012 period, investors generally suffered a loss on the received dividend, if we quantified their size and attractiveness by means of a dividend rate.
The objective of the article is the presentation of the issue of inflation from the point of view of dividends paid out by companies (Hazlitt, 2007, p.90, Rutkowski, 2007, p. 245, Sayek, 2009, p. 441) and an investor allocating financial means on the capital market (in shares of companies listed on the capital market and not in bonds. (Laatsch, 2013, pp. 54-59)).
The following hypothesis was accepted in the article:
H1: in the period 2000-2012 an effective real dividend rate for companies quoted on Warsaw Stock Exchange had a negative value.
An Assessment of the Application of Earnings Management Objectives and Instruments in Financial Reporting – Evidence of Survey Research Results
Authors: Piosik Andrzej , Strojek-Filus Marzena 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The study contains an overview of earnings management tools of reporting entities and capital groups in Poland. Relations between the phenomenon of earnings management and financial reporting policy have been analysed. A research problem related to the significance and application of particular earnings management tools as perceived by practitioners (accountants, executive board members, specialists) has been discussed. Selected tools of earnings management, usually linked with operations, are perceived to be used more intensively. The conducted analysis shows that in the opinion of the surveyed respondents the most effective instrument influencing the desired level of results presented in a financial statement is carrying out transactions under conditions which ensure the achievement of a reported goal. This applies also to capital groups, in which transactions effected between group units were indicated as the ones used to the greatest extent.
Learned Helplessness During Organisational Change
Authors: Silvet Jaan 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Exposing organisms to aversive events which they cannot control might result in motivational, cognitive, emotional, and self-esteem deficits. These deficits are called symptoms of helplessness and are the core part of learned helplessness theory. Many studies have empirically analysed the theory on the individual level. The current study focuses on the learned helplessness in the context of organisational change. The object of the study is one media company in Estonia, which conducted a large restructuring during the 2008 economic crisis. The result shows that there exists an organisational gap when it comes to the estimates of top management and employees. The key to the problem appeared to be the middle management, who were unable to effectively manage their subordinates as they were busy themselves coping with the change.
The Evaluation of the Value for Sports Purposes of Warm-Blooded Horse Breeds in Poland for the Show Jumping Discipline
Authors: Pietrzak Sławomir , Tomasz Próchniak 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The scientific objective of the paper was to compare the use value of native and some foreign horse breeds competing in Polish regional show jumping tournaments. A total of 156 horses were analysed including the native breeds Małopolski (m), Wielkopolski (wlkp), Polish Half Bred Horse (pksp), and the foreign breeds Oldenburger (old), Holsteiner (hol) and Dutch Warmblood (kwpn). The competition results with distribution of penalty points as well as pedigree databases of Polish Horse Breeders Association and Polish Equestrian Federation were used. The data obtained was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA-GLM), and the differences between average values were determined with Tukey’s t-test. It was concluded that the native breeds obtained statistically worse results than foreign ones, proportionally to the level of competition difficulty. The proportion of native breeds among the participants of competitions decreased with increasing course difficulty and was statistically significant for the number of eliminations and clear rounds. The results allow a conclusion about the lower use value of native compared to foreign horse breeds for sports purposes.
The EU’s Difficulty in Translating Interests into Effective Foreign Policy Action: A Look at the Ukraine Crisis
Authors: Smith Nicholas Ross 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The EU’s foreign policy response(s) to the unfolding Ukraine crisis has further illustrated its difficulty in making effective foreign policy decisions. Using a neoclassical realist analytical framework, this paper argues that although the EU did have tangible collective interests in pursuing its Ukraine foreign policy, it was unable to adequately filter these through its domestic setting. Three key constraints to the EU’s Ukrainian foreign policy&gt; were identified: decision-makers ’ miscalculations; rigid normative demands; and a reliance on consensus politics. Ultimately, the Ukraine crisis illustrated that the EU, in current incarnation, cannot translate interests into effective foreign policies, even when making policy for their direct neighbourhood.
Smart Residential Buildings as Learning Agent Organizations in the Internet of Things
Authors: Schatten Markus 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Background: Smart buildings are one of the major application areas of technologies bound to embedded systems and the Internet of things. Such systems have to be adaptable and flexible in order to provide better services to its residents. Modelling such systems is an open research question. Herein, the question is approached using an organizational modelling methodology bound to the principles of the learning organization. Objectives: Providing a higher level of abstraction for understanding, developing and maintaining smart residential buildings in a more human understandable form. Methods/Approach: Organization theory provides us with the necessary concepts and methodology to approach complex organizational systems. Results: A set of principles for building learning agent organizations, a formalization of learning processes for agents, a framework for modelling knowledge transfer between agents and the environment, and a tailored organizational structure for smart residential buildings based on Nonaka’s hypertext organizational form. Conclusions: Organization theory is a promising field of research when dealing with complex engineering systems
Development Practices of Embedded Systems: SMEs in SEE countries
Authors: Strugar Ivan , Zoroja Jovana , Jaković Božidar 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Background: Embedded systems are evolving in their use based on the increased trend of merging software with hardware appliances. The market for the embedded systems development is rapidly increasing and this is one of the possible new markets for software firms striving for new competitive advantage. Objectives: The goal of the paper is to explore embedded systems development practices of Croatian firms and compare them with the practices of the firms from South Eastern European (SEE) countries. Methods/Approach: The survey was conducted using the sample of SME software firms and the data on embedded systems development practices have been analysed. Practices of Croatian firms were compared with practices of other firms from SEE countries. Results: Results of the survey revealed that in comparison to their counterparts from SEE countries, Croatian firms involved in embedded systems development utilise cutting-edge technology and processes to a lower extent. Conclusions: Cutting-edge technology and processes are prerequisites for attaining the level of productivity in software production that is sufficient to ensure maintaining cost competency. However, SMEs are yet to fulfill their market potentials