bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lycopene-rich tomato oleoresin modulates plasma adiponectin concentration and mRNA levels of adiponectin, SIRT1, and FoxO1 in adipose tissue of obese rats
Authors: Luvizotto RAM , Nascimento AF , Miranda NCM , Wang X-D , Ferreira ALA 
Published: January 2015

Aim: To investigate whether lycopene can modulate adiponectin levels and SIRT1 and FoxO1 gene expression in the adipose tissue of diet-induced obese rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were first fed with hypercaloric diet (HD, n = 12) for 6 weeks, and afterward, these rats were randomly assigned to receive HD ( n = 6) or HD with lycopene-rich tomato oleoresin (equivalent to lycopene 10 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day, HD + L, n = 6) by gavage for additional 6 weeks. Plasma lycopene and adiponectin levels were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and immunoassay, respectively. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of adiponectin, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), Forkhead box O 1 (FoxO1), fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36 (FAT/CD36), and PPARγ in adipose tissues were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Lycopene was detected in the plasma of rats in HD + L group but not in the HD group. Although both BW and adiposity were not different between the two groups, there was a significant increase in both plasma concentration and mRNA expression of adiponectin in the adipose tissue of the HD + L group. In addition, the lycopene supplementation upregulated mRNA expressions of SIRT1, FoxO1, and FAT/CD36 but downregulated PPARγ in adipose tissue of obese rats. Conclusion: These data suggest that lycopene, in the concentration used, is not toxic and also its health benefits in adipose tissue may play a role against obesity-related complications.
How to Manage Hospital-Based Palliative Care Teams Without Full-Time Palliative Care Physicians in Designated Cancer Care Hospitals
Authors: Sakashita Akihiro , Kishino Megumi , Nakazawa Yoko , Yotani Nobuyuki , Yamaguchi Takashi , Kizawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2015

Objective: To clarify how highly active hospital palliative care teams can provide efficient and effective care regardless of the lack of full-time palliative care physicians. Methods: Semistructured focus group interviews were conducted, and content analysis was performed. Results: A total of 7 physicians and 6 nurses participated. We extracted 209 codes from the transcripts and organized them into 3 themes and 21 categories, which were classified as follows: (1) tips for managing palliative care teams efficiently and effectively (7 categories); (2) ways of acquiring specialist palliative care expertise (9 categories); and (3) ways of treating symptoms that are difficult to alleviate (5 categories). Conclusions: The findings of this study can be used as a nautical chart of hospital-based palliative care team (HPCT) without full-time PC physician. Full-time nurses who have high management and coordination abilities play a central role in resource-limited HPCTs.
Family resilience in families where a parent has a mental illness
Authors: Power Jennifer , Goodyear Melinda , Maybery Darryl , Reupert Andrea , O’Hanlon Brendan , Cuff Rose , Perlesz Amaryll 
Published: January 2015

Summary This study explores the concept of family resilience where a parent has a mental illness. Eleven Australian adults who have grown up in a household with a parent who had a diagnosed mental illness participated in an in-depth interview. The interviews focused on the ways in which these families responded to challenges in everyday life, particularly related to parental mental illness. Findings Families developed resilience through processes such as shared humour or regular family rituals and routines. In some cases, open communication about mental illness enabled families to better cope when parents were unwell and to build a greater sense of family connectedness. However, data suggest that parental mental illness potentially creates stress and confusion for families and there are multiple social and cultural barriers that make it difficult for families to acknowledge and speak openly about mental illness. For participants, resilience tended to be about maintaining a balance between stress/distress and optimism and strength within their family. Applications The article highlights the importance of family context when describing resilience, and identifies specific clinical implications for working with families affected by parental mental illness.
Understanding service engagement: Young people’s experience of service use
Authors: Munford Robyn , Sanders Jackie 
Published: January 2015

Summary This article explores young people’s experiences of service use and their life experiences, including exposure to harmful events and environments, such as abuse, violence, addictions, disengagement from school and mental health issues. It draws on the findings of a New Zealand study that used a mixed methods approach to investigate young people’s (aged between 13 and 17) experience of service use. These young people were multiple service users of statutory and non-governmental services including: child welfare services, juvenile justice services, remedial education services and mental health services. The first phase involved the administration of a survey ( n = 605) and the qualitative phase ( n = 109) used a semi-structured interview schedule to explore the service use experience of these young people. The qualitative interviews took place over 14 months which reflects the time it took to locate the young people and complete interviews. This article briefly reports on the quantitative phase and then focuses on a key finding from the qualitative phase, service engagement. Findings The findings identified the resources and strategies young people used to mitigate the effects of harmful events and environments in order to achieve their goals. The study produced rich accounts of service encounters: what was positive in these encounters and the barriers to successful engagement with services. Key themes focused on what happens for young people when there is confusion about service provision and when provision is intermittent. The findings emphasise the important role of social workers in creating positive service encounters for young people. Applications The findings underline the importance of the relationship between social workers and their clients as a foundation for successful interventions. It reiterates the need for social workers to take the time to understand young people’s contexts and how young people make sense of these contexts.
Treatment of Large Brain Metastases With Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Authors: Zimmerman Amy L. , Murphy Erin S. , Suh John H. , Vogelbaum Michael A. , Barnett Gene H. , Angelov Lilyana , Ahluwalia Manmeet , Reddy Chandana A. , Chao Samuel T. 
Published: January 2015

Introduction: We report our series of patients with large brain metastases, >3 cm in diameter, who received stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as a component of their treatment, focusing on survival and intracranial recurrence rates. Materials and Methods: The brain tumor database was queried for patients treated with SRS for large brain metastases. Local recurrence (LR) and distant brain recurrence (DBR) rates were calculated using cumulative incidence analysis, and overall survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Patients were classified into 1 of the 4 groups based on treatment strategy: SRS alone, surgery plus SRS, SRS plus whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), and salvage SRS from more remote WBRT and/or surgery. Results: A total of 153 patients with 164 lesions were evaluated. The SRS alone was the treatment approach in 62 lesions, surgery followed by SRS to the resection bed (S + SRS) in 33, SRS + WBRT in 19, and salvage SRS in 50. There was no statistically significant difference in OS between the 4 treatment groups ( P = .06). Median survival was highest in patients receiving surgery + SRS (12.2 months) followed by SRS + WBRT (6.9 months), SRS alone (6.6 months), and salvage SRS (6.1 months). There was also no significant difference for LR rates between the groups at 12 months. No significant variables on univariate analysis were noted for LR. The 12-month DBR rates were highest in the S + SRS group (52%), followed by salvage SRS (31%), SRS alone (28%), and SRS + WBRT (13%; P = .03). Conclusion: There were no significant predictors for local control. Keeping in mind that patient numbers in the SRS + WBRT group are small, the addition of WBRT to SRS did not appear to significantly improve survival or local control, supporting the delayed use of WBRT for some patients to prevent potential side effects provided regular imaging surveillance and salvage therapy are utilized. Prospective studies are needed to optimize SRS treatment regimens for patients with large brain metastases.
Characteristics and Mental Health of Hispanic Dementia Caregivers in New York City
Authors: Luchsinger José A. , Tipiani Dante , Torres-Patiño Gabriela , Silver Stephanie , Eimicke Joseph P. , Ramirez Mildred , Teresi Jeanne , Mittelman Mary 
Published: January 2015

Background: Dementia prevalence and related caregiving burden are increasing, particularly among Hispanics. We studied the characteristics and mental health of Hispanic caregivers in New York City. Methods: We recruited 139 Hispanic family caregivers. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics and predictors of caregiver burden, measured with the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale, and depressive symptoms, measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale. Results: The mean age was 59.3 ± 10.4 years. The majority of caregivers were daughters and earned less than US$30 000 a year. In multivariate analyses with linear regression, lower satisfaction with social networks was associated with higher caregiver burden and a greater number of depressive symptoms. Higher dementia severity was associated with higher caregiver burden, while higher caregiver comorbidities were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Caregiver comorbidities and satisfaction with social support may be targets for intervention that could improve caregiver burden and depressive symptoms among Hispanic caregivers.
Inductive crystallization effect of atomic-layer-deposited Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films for ferroelectric application
Authors: Zhang Xun , Chen Lin , Sun Qing-Qing , Wang Lu-Hao , Zhou Peng , Lu Hong-Liang , Wang Peng-Fei , Ding Shi-Jin , Zhang David Wei 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Ferroelectric Hf
x
Zr1-x
O2 thin films are considered promising candidates for future lead-free CMOS-compatible ferroelectric memory application. The inductive crystallization behaviors and the ferroelectric performance of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 thin films prepared by atomic layer deposition were investigated. Inductive crystallization can be induced by the film growth condition and appropriate top electrode selection. In this work, a Ni/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/Ru/Si stack annealed at 550°C for 30 s in N2 ambient after the Ni top electrode has been deposited was manufactured, and it shows the best ferroelectric hysteresis loop in the dielectric thickness of 25 nm, with a remanent polarization value of 6 μC/cm2 and a coercive field strength of 2.4 MV/cm measured at 10 kHz. Endurance, retention, and domain switching current characteristics were evaluated well for potential application in the field of ferroelectric field effect transistor (FeFET) and nonvolatile ferroelectric memories (FeRAM).
Mammary gland tumor promotion by chronic administration of IGF1 and the insulin analogue AspB10 in the p53R270H/+WAPCre mouse model
Authors: ter Braak Bas , Siezen Christine , Speksnijder Ewoud N , Koedoot Esmee , van Steeg Harry , Salvatori Daniela CF , van de Water Bob , van der Laan Jan Willem 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Insulin analogues are structurally modified molecules with altered pharmaco-kinetic and -dynamic properties compared to regular human insulin used by diabetic patients. While these compounds are tested for undesired mitogenic effects, an epidemiological discussion is ongoing regarding an association between insulin analogue therapy and increased cancer incidence, including breast cancer. Standard in vivo rodent carcinogenesis assays do not pick up this possible increased carcinogenic potential.

Methods
Here we studied the role of insulin analogues in breast cancer development. For this we used the human relevant mammary gland specific p53R270H/+WAPCre mouse model. Animals received life long repeated treatment with four different insulin (−like) molecules: normal insulin, insulin glargine, insulin X10 (AspB10) or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1).

Results
Insulin-like molecules with strong mitogenic signaling, insulin X10 and IGF1, significantly decreased the time for tumor development. Yet, insulin glargine and normal insulin, did not significantly decrease the latency time for (mammary gland) tumor development. The majority of tumors had an epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenotype (EMT), irrespective of treatment condition. Enhanced extracellular signaling related kinase (Erk) or serine/threonine kinase (Akt) mitogenic signaling was in particular present in tumors from the insulin X10 and IGF1 treatment groups.

Conclusions
These data indicate that insulin-like molecules with enhanced mitogenic signaling increase the risk of breast cancer development. Moreover, the use of a tissue specific cancer model, like the p53R270H/+WAPCre mouse model, is relevant to assess the intrinsic pro-carcinogenic potential of mitogenic and non-mitogenic biologicals such as insulin analogues.
Associations between self-referral and health behavior responses to genetic risk information
Authors: Christensen Kurt D , Roberts J Scott , Zikmund-Fisher Brian J , Kardia Sharon LR , McBride Colleen M , Linnenbringer Erin , Green Robert C ,   for the REVEAL Study Group
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Background
Studies examining whether genetic risk information about common, complex diseases can motivate individuals to improve health behaviors and advance planning have shown mixed results. Examining the influence of different study recruitment strategies may help reconcile inconsistencies.

Methods
Secondary analyses were conducted on data from the REVEAL study, a series of randomized clinical trials examining the impact of genetic susceptibility testing for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We tested whether self-referred participants (SRPs) were more likely than actively recruited participants (ARPs) to report health behavior and advance planning changes after AD risk and APOE genotype disclosure.

Results
Of 795 participants with known recruitment status, 546 (69%) were self-referred and 249 (31%) had been actively recruited. SRPs were younger, less likely to identify as African American, had higher household incomes, and were more attentive to AD than ARPs (all P < 0.01). They also dropped out of the study before genetic risk disclosure less frequently (26% versus 41%, P < 0.001). Cohorts did not differ in their likelihood of reporting a change to at least one health behavior 6 weeks and 12 months after genetic risk disclosure, nor in intentions to change at least one behavior in the future. However, interaction effects were observed where ε4-positive SRPs were more likely than ε4-negative SRPs to report changes specifically to mental activities (38% vs 19%, p < 0.001) and diets (21% vs 12%, p = 0.016) six weeks post-disclosure, whereas differences between ε4-positive and ε4-negative ARPs were not evident for mental activities (15% vs 21%, p = 0.413) or diets (8% versus 16%, P = 0.190). Similarly, ε4-positive participants were more likely than ε4-negative participants to report intentions to change long-term care insurance among SRPs (20% vs 5%, p < 0.001), but not ARPs (5% versus 9%, P = 0.365).

Conclusions
Individuals who proactively seek AD genetic risk assessment are more likely to undergo testing and use results to inform behavior changes than those who respond to genetic testing offers. These results demonstrate how the behavioral impact of genetic risk information may vary according to the models by which services are provided, and suggest that how participants are recruited into translational genomics research can influence findings.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00089882 and NCT00462917
Studying the patterns of alien and native floras of some habitats in Srinagar city, Kashmir, India
Authors: Andrabi Syed Mubashir , Reshi Zafar Ahmad , Shah Manzoor Ahmad , Qureshi Salman 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntroductionUrban flora is an important component of human-dominated ecosystems that links urban dwellers with nature. This study aims at compiling and analysing the alien and native vascular plant species of some selected habitats in the Srinagar city, Kashmir, India.MethodsBi-seasonal sampling was employed and each habitat type (viz., graveyards, grasslands, orchards and wastelands) was sampled at seven different sites.ResultsThe number of species recorded from graveyards was 96; from grasslands 112; 141 from orchards and 110 from wastelands. The level of invasion among habitats varied from 67.27% to 68.75%, with a mean value of 67.86%; out of clubbed species list, 64.84% were alien. Asteraceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae and Fabaceae were the biggest families in all four habitat types.ConclusionsOur research shows that across habitats, alien plant species are the predominant part of their floras.
Does Contralateral Suppression at Adrenal Venous Sampling Predict Outcome Following Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Primary Aldosteronism? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wolley Martin J. , Gordon Richard D. , Ahmed Ashraf H. , Stowasser Michael 
Published: January 2015

Context:In primary aldosteronism (PA), adrenal vein sampling (AVS) distinguishes unilateral and bilateral disease by comparison of aldosterone/cortisol (A/F) ratios. There is controversy about the criteria for interpretation, however, and in particular it is not clear whether contralateral suppression (CS) (defined as A/Fadrenal ≤ A/Fperipheral on the unaffected side) is important. We therefore performed a retrospective study to determine whether CS in surgically treated unilateral PA was associated with blood pressure (BP) and biochemical outcomes.Setting and Design:Patients who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy for PA after successful AVS were included if the lateralization index (A/Fdominant:A/Fnondominant) was ≥2. Cases were reviewed at 6 to 24 months follow-up for outcomes with respect to the presence and degree of CS.Results:Sixty-six of 80 patients had CS. Baseline characteristics were similar. At postoperative follow-up, those with CS had lower systolic BP (SBP) (128 mm Hg vs 144 mm Hg, P = .001), a greater proportion with cure or improvement of hypertension (96% vs 64%, P = .0034), a greater proportion with biochemical cure of PA on fludrocortisone suppression testing (43 of 49 [88%] vs 4 of 9 [44%], P = .002) and were taking a lower median number of antihypertensive medications (0 vs 1.5, P = .0032). In a multivariate model, the degree of CS and preoperative SBP were both significantly correlated with postoperative SBP, but the lateralization index, sex, and age were not.Conclusion:In this study, the presence of CS correlated with good BP and biochemical outcomes from surgery. This finding suggests that CS should be a factor in deciding whether to offer surgery for treatment of PA.
Functional and molecular characterisation of EO771.LMB tumours, a new C57BL/6-mouse-derived model of spontaneously metastatic mammary cancer
Authors: Johnstone Cameron N. , Smith Yvonne E. , Cao Yuan , Burrows Allan D. , Cross Ryan S. N. , Ling Xiawei , Redvers Richard P. , Doherty Judy P. , Eckhardt Bedrich L. , Natoli Anthony L. , Restall Christina M. , Lucas Erin , Pearson Helen B. , Deb Siddhartha , Britt Kara L. , Rizzitelli Alexandra , Li Jason , Harmey Judith H. , Pouliot Normand , Anderson Robin L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe translation of basic research into improved therapies for breast cancer patients requires relevant preclinical models that incorporate spontaneous metastasis. We have completed a functional and molecular characterisation of a new isogenic C57BL/6 mouse model of breast cancer metastasis, comparing and contrasting it with the established BALB/c 4T1 model. Metastatic EO771.LMB tumours were derived from poorly metastatic parental EO771 mammary tumours. Functional differences were evaluated using both in vitro assays and spontaneous metastasis assays in mice. Results were compared to non-metastatic 67NR and metastatic 4T1.2 tumours of the 4T1 model. Protein and transcript levels of markers of human breast cancer molecular subtypes were measured in the four tumour lines, as well as p53 (Tp53) tumour-suppressor gene status and responses to tamoxifen in vivo and in vitro. Array-based expression profiling of whole tumours identified genes and pathways that were deregulated in metastatic tumours. EO771.LMB cells metastasised spontaneously to lung in C57BL/6 mice and displayed increased invasive capacity compared with parental EO771. By immunohistochemical assessment, EO771 and EO771.LMB were basal-like, as was the 4T1.2 tumour, whereas 67NR had a luminal phenotype. Primary tumours from all lines were negative for progesterone receptor, Erb-b2/Neu and cytokeratin 5/6, but positive for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Only 67NR displayed nuclear estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) positivity. EO771 and EO771.LMB expressed mutant p53, whereas 67NR and 4T1.2 were p53-null. Integrated molecular analysis of both the EO771/EO771.LMB and 67NR/4T1.2 pairs indicated that upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), parathyroid hormone-like hormone (Pthlh) and S100 calcium binding protein A8 (S100a8) and downregulation of the thrombospondin receptor (Cd36) might be causally involved in metastatic dissemination of breast cancer.
The nuclear pore complex – structure and function at a glance
Authors: Kabachinski Greg , Schwartz Thomas U. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are indispensable for cell function and are at the center of several human diseases. NPCs provide access to the nucleus and regulate the transport of proteins and RNA across the nuclear envelope. They are aqueous channels generated from a complex network of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as nucleporins. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we discuss how transport between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm is regulated, what we currently know about the structure of individual nucleoporins and the assembled NPC, and how the cell regulates assembly and disassembly of such a massive structure. Our aim is to provide a general overview on what we currently know about the nuclear pore and point out directions of research this area is heading to.
The Synthesis of 5-Functional 3-Hydroxypyridin-4-ones and Their Impact on the Chelating Properties of the Ligands
Authors: Chen Yu-Lin , Chen Jing , Ma Yongmin , Hider Robert C 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The presence of the 5-functional group on 3-hydroxypyridin-4-ones (HPOs) can significantly change their chelating properties because the 5-position is adjacent to one of the chelating moieties. A 5-methoxy-substituted HPO has been successfully synthesized using a 5-bromo analogue with NaOMe in the presence of a copper(I) catalyst. The atomic charges and stability constants of the HPOs with either electron-donating or election-withdrawing groups on the 5-position were compared. The result showed that the 5-substituted HPOs possess lower stability constants, compared to those of the 5-unsubstituted analogue (deferiprone).