bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Gender Identity, Economic Stressors, Social Support, Concurrent Substance Use and Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Kelly Sara , Donohue Sarah , Rospenda Kathleen , Moilanen Kristin , Karnik Niranjan , Herron Jesse , Johnson Timothy , Richman Judy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To examine a comprehensive list of demographic, substance use, economic, and social factors associated with suicidal ideation (SI) among middle-aged adults.
Methods
Cross-sectional data were obtained from a national sample of middle-aged adults between February and November 2022. The study’s final sample include 1,337 respondents who represented the adult population of persons aged 40–60 years in the United States. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were employed to identify significant factors associated with past year SI, in particular single vs. multiple instances of SI.
Results
Of the sample, 140 (10.4%) reported SI in the past year. Among those, more than half (60.0%, n = 84) reported SI multiple times in the past year. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that those who were a gender minority, engaged in concurrent substance use, or had financial stressors had significantly higher odds of past SI. Multinomial regression found that concurrent substance use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.76–5.70) and having a lower standard of living than their parents/caregivers (aOR 2.99; 95% CI 1.39–6.41) predicted repeated past year SI whereas higher social support was protective against multiple SI experiences (aOR 0.65; 95% CI 0.55–0.78).
Conclusion
Gender minorities and those reporting concurrent substance use had the highest odds of past year SI. Findings underscore the need to develop public health and clinical interventions tailored to these highest-risk middle-aged adults in order to prevent suicide.
Disaster Awareness and Preparedness: The Case of Ondokuz Mayıs University
Authors: BODUR ALPER , Emecen Yeliz , Keskin Kader 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study offers a comprehensive examination to understand university students’ disaster awareness and preparedness level in the case of Ondokuz Mayıs University (OMU). Within the scope of the research, focusing on disaster awareness, preparedness, and awareness of the students, an attempt was made to explain how various demographic factors affect attitudes toward disasters. A survey was conducted with the participation of 382 students who were studying in the 2022–2023 Spring Semester in all faculties, colleges, and institutes within the broad academic structure of OMU. The data were examined with descriptive statistics, and the relationships between variables were evaluated using the chi-square test. According to the findings, disaster awareness and preparedness must be addressed from a broad perspective and planned, especially by considering demographic diversity. It was stated that this study could contribute to education in terms of disaster management not only for OMU but also for other higher education institutions.
Physical activity is associated with renal function in middle-aged and elderly people in China: first cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the CHARLS
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Zhao Yaxi , Luo Guoxian , Xu Jian , Zhang Yi , Cui jianchen , Chen Lijuan , Wang Ya , Na Wangyao , Li Hanhao , Deng Qinyuan , Ao Linmei , Chen Fei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a common health problem among middle-aged and elderly people in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity on renal function in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people.
Methods: A total of 3599 participants in the 2011 China Health and Aging Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included in this cross-sectional study, with an eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 as the endpoint. A total of 2309 participants in the 2015 CHARLS were included in the longitudinal study, with an eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or a ≥25% decrease in eGFR as the endpoint. Physical activity intensity was assessed by self-reports. Associations between physical activity levels and renal function were analyzed using logistic regression.
Results: In cross-sectional studies, moderate physical activity (MPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) >300 min/week were associated with a reduced risk of renal endpoint events compared with relatively physically inactive participants (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.30-0.51). After correction for clinical characteristics and blood test results, VPA and MPA >300 min/week remained independent protective factors for renal function. In the longitudinal cohort, VPA and MPA >300 min/week reduced the risk of renal endpoint events by 45% (OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.38-0.80). After correcting for clinical characteristics and blood test results, VPA and MPA >300 min/week still reduced the risk of renal endpoint events by 37% (OR=0.63, 95% CI=0.43-0.92) and 39% (OR=0.61, 95%), respectively.
Conclusions: Physical activity is beneficial for reducing and delaying the onset of renal insufficiency. The results of this study provide additional evidence for the renoprotective effects of exercise in non-CKD populations.
Association between sleep disorder and gallstone in US adults：Data from NHANES 2017-2020
Authors: Jiang Shiming , Wu Zhaowei , Li Jinzhi , Wang Panguo , Chen Yong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Sleep disorder is acknowledged as a risk factor for poor health. However, the effect of sleep disorder on the prevalence of gallstones is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between sleep disorders and the prevalence of gallstones among National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that snore, trouble sleeping, and overly sleepy were an independent risk factor for gallstones. Compared to never snore, 3–4 nights a week and 5 or more nights a week were linked with a higher risk of gallstones prevalence (OR1: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.16–1.87; OR2: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09–1.75). We also observed that the risk of gallstone formation increased by 1.67-fold in the trouble sleeping group compared to that in the control group (OR:1.67, 95% CI: 1.42–2.01). Furthermore, the correlations appeared to be higher for individuals with overly sleepy (2–4 times a mouth: OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01–1.71; 5–15 times a mouth: OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12–2.01). Thus, our results indicated that sleep disorder is a risk factor for gallstone prevalence.
Co-application of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi and putrescine improves essential oil production and drought tolerance cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)
Authors: Anjam Hamid Reza , Abdipour Moslem , Hosseinifarahi Mehdi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF), putrescine (Put), and their combination on essential oil (EO) content, chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoid and EO chemical compounds of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) were studied under optimal and drought stress conditions. The foliar application of Put or inoculation with AMF significantly (P ˂ 0.05) increased seed yield, EO content, EO yield, Chl a, Chl b, total Chl, and carotenoid. Moreover, AMF or Put application increased cuminaldehyde, limone, and β-Pinene and decreased γ-Terpinene, o-Cymene, and linalool concentration in cumin plants compared to non-treated plants in both optimal and drought stress conditions. However, the highest EO content, EO yield, Chl a, Chl b, total Chl, carotenoid, and major EO chemical components were obtained when AMF and Put were used together under optimal and drought stress conditions. This study showed that Put and AMF can be co-applied to the cumin plant to significantly improve drought tolerance in field conditions greatly.
Development of a prediction model for ctDNA detection (Cir-Predict) in breast cancer
Authors: Nakauchi Chiaki , Masunaga Nanae , Kagara Naofumi , Oshiro Chiya , Shimoda Masafumi , Shimazu Kenzo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a valuable method to predict the risk of recurrence and to detect real-time gene changes. The amount of ctDNA is affected by many factors. Moreover, the detection rate of ctDNA varies from report to report.
Methods
The present study evaluated differentially expressed genes using a DNA microarray assay for gene expression in tumors with and without detected ctDNA and constructed a prediction model for the detectability of ctDNA in breast tumor tissues. The model, named Cir-Predict, consisted of 73 probe sets (56 genes) and was constructed in a training set of breast cancer patients (n = 35) and validated in a validation set (n = 13).
Results
The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in training and validation sets were over 95%, and Cir-Predict was significantly associated with ctDNA detection independently of the other conventional clinicopathological parameters in all cohorts. Pathway analysis revealed that nine pathways including tight junction and cell cycle tended to be related to ctDNA detectability.
Conclusion
Cir-Predict not only provides information useful for breast cancer treatment, but also helps the understanding of the mechanism by which ctDNA is detected.
Multifactor exploration and multi-objective optimization of trapezoidal threads
Authors: Zhou Yongchao , yan zhihua , Zhou Peng , Zheng Yanping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Threaded drive mechanism is widely used in many industries and fields, is an indispensable and important part of the mechanical transmission field, the study and optimization of the parameters of the trapezoidal thread in the transmission system can effectively improve the performance of the threaded drive mechanism. This paper takes the screw nut mechanism of a company's screw elevator as the research object, and researches the influence of its trapezoidal thread's main 4 parameters on the structural performance, and optimizes it. The thesis research is based on ansys software dynamics simulation, using orthogonal experimental design to study the influence of pitch, thread head number, trapezoidal thread tooth angle and tooth height on the dynamic performance of structural components, through the polar analysis of the 4 kinds of influencing factors for the degree of importance of the ranking, and the introduction of the modal frequency, the efficiency of the parameter target optimization results, to determine the best parameter combination design scheme. The results showed that the equivalent stress decreased by 29.1%, the 1st order modal frequency increased by 24.5%, and the transportation rate increased by 11.1%. The results supplement the relevant research results in the field of threads and provide theoretical support for the further development and safe application of trapezoidal thread structures in screw drives in the future.
Association of Autistic Traits with Inference Generation in Visual Narratives
Authors: Medeiros Stasha , Cohn Neil , Foulsham Tom , Coderre Emily 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Autistic individuals sometimes demonstrate differences with narrative comprehension compared to non-autistic individuals. One particular aspect of narrative processing that is thought to be affected in autism is inferencing. Some studies using verbal narratives (i.e., written or spoken stories) have documented differences in inferencing skills among autistic participants. However, fewer studies have investigated inferencing abilities using visual narratives (e.g., comics) in autistic participants, despite mounting evidence that narrative comprehension shares similar cognitive mechanisms across verbal and visual domains. Here, we report two studies examining inference generation during visual narrative comprehension in adults with a range of autistic traits. Experiment 1 used a deletion recognition paradigm to examine participants’ accuracy (ACC) and reaction time (RT) to identify where a panel had been removed from a visual sequence. Experiment 2 used a self-paced viewing paradigm to examine viewing times on sequences that required an inference; ACC and RT on comprehension questions were also examined. In both experiments, individual differences in autistic traits and visual language fluency were examined. Across both studies, autistic traits modulated inferencing abilities and comprehension performance. Subsequent analyses identified differences in imaginative abilities as potentially underlying these modulations.
Assessing Suicidality in Adult ADHD Patients: Prevalence and Related Factors
Authors: Salvo Gabriele , Perotti Camilla , Filippo Lorenzo , Garrone Camilla , Rosso Gianluca , Maina Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The association between Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and suicidality has been subject of growing interest for research in the latest years. However, suicidality was generally assessed categorically and without validated instruments, which have led to heterogeneous or even conflicting evidence: the prevalence of both suicidal ideation and attempts vary considerably, and risk factors are not clear. Our study investigated suicidality in ADHD using a dimensional approach and a validated and internationally recognized instrument. Our primary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI), severe suicidal ideation (SSI), suicidal behavior (SB) and non suicidal self-injury behavior (NSSIB) in a sample of adult patients with ADHD. The second objective was to identify sociodemographic and clinical features associated with increased risk of suicidality in these patients.
Methods: The sample included 74 adult patients with clinical diagnosis of ADHD. Suicidality was assessed by administering the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Logistic regressions were used to examine predictors of SI, SSI, SB and NSSIB.
Results: The lifetime prevalence of SI and SSI were 59,5% and 16,2%, respectively. The 9,5% of patients showed lifetime SB, while NSSIB was found in 10,8% of the subjects. Lifetime SI was associated with severity of inattentive symptoms during adulthood, low self-esteem and impairment in social functioning. Lifetime SSI appeared related to severity of inattentive symptoms during childhood, attentional impulsiveness and number of hospitalizations, while physical activity appeared to be protective. The prevalence of lifetime SB and NSSIB didn’t appear significantly related to any socio-demographic or clinical feature.
Conclusions: Adults with ADHD are to be considered at risk of suicide and it is important to determine which patients are at higher risk, in order to guide preventive interventions. The association between ADHD and suicidal ideation didn’t appear to be influenced by psychiatric comorbidities, but rather by inattention itself, which represents the core symptom of ADHD.
Genetic Loci Determining Drought Resistance of Potato reveled by Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS)
Authors: Wang Kuan , Chen Jiepan , Liu Lei , Ma Benchi , Wang Lei , Feng Yan , Qi Lipan , Gong Xuechen , Yin Jiang , Wang Yan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Detecting the genetic footprint of drought resistance is important and imperative. Here, we report a high-quality genomic variation database by whole-genome resequencing of 230 potato individuals. Through phylogenetic population structure analysis, we uncover that the breeding of potatoes was international interaction, not independent. Selective-sweep analysis detected 560 drought resistance response related genes, including ZFP, MYB and ERF transcription factors. Furthermore, based on three different models, the genome-wide association studies for drought resistance identified a set of candidate genes, such as MYB, WRKY and ERF, PP2A, UGT, E3 ubiquitin ligase, ZFP, etc., some crucial candidate genes were identified by different models at the same time. Among them, 15 candidates were identified both by GWAS and selective-sweep analysis, significant SNP 4:1861996 in the exon region of LBR (late blight resistance protein) harboring different genotype with different drought resistance. Our study provides important insights into the genetic basis of drought resistance, and will facilitate the cultivation of drought-resistant potato.
A novel approach for reconstructing paleo-overpressure through basin simulations constrained by logging data——A case study of He 8 member in Sulige Gas field, Ordos Basin
Authors: zhang tao , zhang jingong , liu xiaopeng , cao qian , Ma tengfei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The application of basin simulation method for reconstructing the pressure evolution process is often limited by the availability of measured data, which can be challenging to obtain. In order to establish a correct relation between logging data and paleo-pressure, this paper proposes a novel approach to constrain the pressure reconstructed by basin simulation method. The Eaton index N corresponding to the paleo-pressure of each period is calculated using inversion method, based on measured paleo-pressure and logging data, in accordance with the Eaton formula. Subsequently, this value is utilized to calculate the paleo-pressure of other wells. The paleo-pressure results are compared with those reconstructed by basin simulation method to validate the reliability of the findings. The findings demonstrate a strong concurrence between the paleo-pressure calculated using the mean value of index N for each period and the reconstructed paleo-pressure obtained through basin simulation methodology, with an average error margin of less than ± 5%. Therefore, utilizing log data to constrain the paleo-pressure reconstructed by basin simulation method is a viable approach due to its ease of accessibility, strong continuity, and broad applicability and potential for application. This is particularly advantageous in regions where acquiring paleo-pressure data poses challenges. The paleo-dynamic conditions exert a significant influence on the distribution of gas and water in tight sandstone gas reservoirs, providing valuable insights for identifying favorable areas.
Prediction of fatal outcomes in German general aviation accidents - a new scoring system to facilitate emergency control centres
Authors: Hinkelbein Jochen , Hippler Catherina , Liebold Felix , Schmitz Jan , Rothschild Markus , Schick Volker 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Numerous accidents occur with General Aviation aircraft every year. To date, pre-emptive prediction of survival or death is impossible. The current study aims to identify significant factors elementary to predict survival after General Aviation (GA) aircraft accidents. The Implementation of a scoring system, including these factors, may facilitate emergency control centres.
Material and Methods
Data of flight accidents over a 20-year period (extracted from the German Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accident Investigation [BFU]) was analysed for fixed-wing motorized small aircrafts below 5,700 kg MTOW. Factors of interest were analysed using Chi2- and Mann-Whitney-U-Tests. Logistic regression was used to establish a score to calculate the probability of a fatal outcome after an aircraft accident.
Results
The BFU lists 1,595 GA aircraft accidents between 2000 and 2019. The factors “third quarter of the year” (p = 0.04), “last quarter of the year” (p = 0.002), “fire” (p < 0.0001), “distance from airport > 10 km” (p < 0.0001), “landing” (p < 0.0001) and “cruise” (p < 0.0001), significantly correlated positively or negatively with a fatal outcome. “Take-off”, “approach”, “month”, “day of the week”, “persons on board above three”, “night-time” and “icing conditions” showed no significant correlation. Using logistic regression “third quarter of the year” and “cruise” were excluded when using the B-STEP method. Including the four significant parameters, the score showed a strong effect with f2 = 0.709.
Conclusions
The analysis of GA aircraft accidents in Germany enabled the identification of relevant factors and establishment of a new scoring system for survival prediction after small aircrafts accidents below 5,700 kg MTOW. The implementation of the scoring system in emergency control centres in the context of digital development and artificial intelligence can improve emergency response planning and distribution.
The Mediating Role of Pulmonary Function in the Association between Grip Strength and Depression among Elderly Individuals
Authors: Wu Xinyu , Kong Suping , Wei Shijie , Ning Yike , Tang Yu , Wang Yijie , Zheng Yufan , Yu Xiaohua , Liu Chen , Cui Huafeng , Han Jing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Amidst aging populations, late-life depression's yearly rise challenges senior health and strains healthcare systems. In light of this, there is an urgent need to identify and intervene in modifiable risk factors to alleviate this issue. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of pulmonary function in the longitudinal relationship between grip strength and depression.
Methods: We analyzed data from 6,313 CHARLS participants aged ≥60 from 2015-2018 waves, using linear regression and mediation analysis with 1,000 bootstraps to assess pulmonary function's mediation in grip strength-depression link.
Results: After adjusting for confounding variables, grip strength was found to be negatively associated with subsequent depressive symptom severity (β = -0.215, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with Pulmonary Function (β = 3.367, P < 0.001). Pulmonary Function's moderating effect accounted for 13.59% of the total effect between grip strength and depression. The size of the indirect effect was estimated at -0.034 (95% CI: -0.048, -0.022), indicating a statistically significant mediation.
Limitation: Our mediation analysis assumes linear relationships, though real-world dynamics are often multidimensional and nonlinear, possibly involving complex interactions.
Conclusion: Grip strength directly affects depression and indirectly via pulmonary function. To tackle senior depression, interventions should boost grip strength and lung function. Routine grip tests and promoting aerobic/resistance exercises to seniors can help maintain pulmonary function and healthy aging.
Indole-3-carbinol inhibits immune evasion in esophageal carcinoma by regulating CES1
Authors: Chen Qiao , Jiang Congbo , Li Hui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Immunotherapy is a new treatment method for solid tumors, but its effect on esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is not as good as expected. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) has been demonstrated to have anti-cancer effect. This study aimed to investigate the effect of I3C on immune evasion and the molecular mechanism. T cell percentage was analyzed using flow cytometry and T cell killing ability was evaluated using a lactate dehydrogenase kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The molecular mechanism was explored based on bioinformatic analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation, and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The results indicated that I3C inhibited ESCA cell viability, increased CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells, cytotoxic rate, as well as IFN-γ and IL-2 levels, suggesting that immune evasion was suppressed by I3C. Moreover, I3C elevated the expression of CES1, which expression was decreased in ESCA. Besides, CES1 interacted with PD-L1 to increase its expression. Rescue experiments demonstrated the effect of the I3C/CES1/PD-L1 axis on immune escape. Taken together, I3C suppresses immune evasion in ESCA by increasing CES1 expression, which interacts with PD-L1. These findings suggest that I3C may be used to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy.