bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alexithymia in population with depressive disorders and suicidal ideation: results of an observational study
Authors: Martínez P. , Campos A. R. , Jiménez Aparicio T. , Fernández Lozano M. , Merizalde Torres M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn clinical practice, significant delays in requesting help are observed in patients with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine factors associated with the time of untreated illness in a population with depressive disorder attending mental health for the first time in the area of Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (HCUV).Methods
Methods: This is an observational study including adult patients of both sexes, referred to their first mental health consultation from their Primary Care Physician, with a picture of depressive symptomatology associated with an identifiable stressor. Informed consent was obtained from the patients and authorized by the Ethics Committee of the HCUV. R Studio ® statistical analysis.The degree of emotional confusion was quantified with item 1 (“I am often confused about the emotions I feel”) of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). This item is scored ( 1-5 )from most severe (1) to least (5). On the other hand, the time in weeks between symptom onset to referral, age and symptom severity according to the Montgomery Scale (MADRS) were recorded.ResultsResults: We present data collected in an initial sample of 278 treated patients, with a female predominance (68%), a MADRS severity score (18.05 ± 5.01) and a calculated time without treatment of 59.66 ± 62.26 weeks (Tables 1,2,3).A subsample of 72 patients with death ideation was studied, with a female predominance (75%) compared to the overall sample (X2 =1.99, p = 0.1585) (Table 4).It was also observed that death ideation was higher in younger patients (t = 3.18, p = 0.001907) and with a severe MADRS depression score (t = -7.92, p < 0.0001), however they took a similar length of time to receive mental health treatment (T student t = -1.6605, p = 0.099); (Table 5).
There is no previous published evidence that considers the timing of untreated symptoms. According to test statistics, there are differences in untreated symptom time considering gender and TAS score (Table 6).Conclusions
Death ideation is a current health problem that deserves attention. In multivariate analysis models, an association with clinical and demographic factors has been found; however, there is up to 20% of the variation in prevalence that is not explained by the aforementioned factors. The factors that determine the time delay in seeking help (treatment delays) have not been studied so far.
In this study we observe how a single variable doesn’t explain the delay in the first visit. The interaction between age, gender, alexithymia and hypoprosexia explains the delay in seeking help, although symptom severity doesn’t seem to be related. These data suggest that unexplained causality in multivariate studies may be related to the interaction between clinical and neuropsychological factors.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Emotional disorders in the structure of psychoorganic pathology in tumors of the diencephalon
Authors: Sidneva Y. , Astafyeva L. , Zaitsev O. , Kalinin P. , Kutin M. , Shkarubo A. , Fomichev D. , Voronina I. , Andreev D. , Sharipov O. , Chernov I. , Klochkova I. , Badmaeva I. , Donskoy A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe tumors of the diencephalon region (thalamic-hypothalamic-pituitary system) include a large group: pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, gliomas, and others. Tumors differ in the histological structure, and manifestations of the clinical symptoms; by hormonal data; by approaches and methods in treatment.Psychic symptoms are revealed in disease in addition to cerebral, neuroendocrine symptoms, neurological disorders. Psychoorganic syndrome is represented by emotional, motivational, personal, cognitive impairments, inversion of the sleep-wake cycle, seizures.Disorders of mental activity are detected in all tumors of this localization in varying degrees, according to the different authors from 20 to 100%; affective pathology varies from 2 to 80% by the literature.ObjectivesTo study the emotional disorders in the structure of psychoorganic pathology in tumors of diencephalon regionMethods290 patients (18-78 years old, mean age 38+2): pituitary adenomas (PA), as the most common – 170 (58,6%), craniopharyngiomas (CG), as with the most varied manifestation of mental symptoms – 120 (41,4%). Methods: psychopathological, data from endocrinological, neurological, neuroimaging methods.ResultsEmotional disorders were detected in patients from 30 to 68% of cases, depending on the histology of the tumours: PA with excessive secretion of growth hormone - emotional disorders are in 60%; PA with excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone - in 50%; PA with excessive secretion of prolactin - in 30%; with excessive secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone - in 40%; non-functioning PA - in 16%; CG - in 68%.Emotional disorders were more often represented by changeable mood, depression, apathy, sleep disturbance, and visceral symptoms. Symptoms differed depending on the histology of the tumor (type and level of hormones), the volume of the lesion and direction of growth, and concomitant hypertensive-hydrocephalic symptoms. Emotional disturbances often include memory impairment, personality and behavior changes.ConclusionsEmotional disorders are detected in patients in 30-68% of cases in the structure of psychoorganic pathology with damage to the diencephalon region (in particular, with pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas); are determined by the topography of the tumor and histology with the involvement of the corresponding structures and nuclei in the pathological process.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Alexithymia, emotion regulation and autistic traits in Familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Vieira A. , Martins F. , Machado A. S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a condition characterised by multiple polyps inside the colon or rectum, leading to colorectal cancer in all patients who do not perform prophylactic colectomy and a higher risk of cancer in other organs. Nevertheless, it has been reported that 14-48% of patients do not comply with regular endoscopic surveillance, which seems to be related to the lower levels of emotional distress observed in these patients. Also, APC gene polymorphisms have been described as being related to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of alexithymia, autistic traits and emotion regulation strategies in patients with FAP.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with a genetic or clinical FAP diagnosis and assessed for alexithymia, autistic traits and emotion regulation using psychometric tests - Toronto Alexithymia Scale - 20 items (TAS-20), Autism-Spectrum Quotient Test (AQ) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), respectively. The control group were patients with Lynch Syndrome. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS vs.26.ResultsWe recruited a total of 20 patients (10 with FAP vs 10 with Lynch Syndrome). Nine patients were male (45%) versus 11 female (55%). The mean age was 53,35 years (SD 18,4). Half the sample presented a low educational level (equal or inferior to 4th grade).The overall prevalence of alexithymia was 65%, with an 80% prevalence in FAP patients and 50% in Lynch Syndrome. TAS-20 total score was higher in FAP patients (69,0 vs 60,7; p=0,68). Externally-oriented thinking subscale score was statistically higher in FAP patients (p=0,024).The overall prevalence of autistic traits was 25%, and the mean AQ score was higher in FAP (23,4; SD 4.97) compared to Lynch Syndrome patients (20,2; SD 5.57), but there were no statistically significant differences between the diagnoses (p=0,192).A moderate positive correlation exists between Total AQ and Total TAS (r=0.51; p=0.020).Concerning the scores obtained on the ERQ scale, most participants (14; 70%) use Expressive Suppression as a regulation strategy. Patients with Lynch Syndrome had higher scores than those with FAP, both in the Cognitive Reappraisal (4.22; SD 1.58 vs 4.28; SD 0.90) and Expressive Suppression (4.58; SD 1.08 vs 5.15; SD 1.03) domains.The average AQ score for patients who mostly use expressive suppression is significantly higher than for those who use cognitive reappraisal (23.86 (3.63) vs 17.00 (6.6); p=0.039).ConclusionsThe preliminary results of this study point to high levels of alexithymia and autistic traits in this population, and a higher tendency to regulate emotions by expressive suppression.The main limitation of the study was the small sample size, which reduced the power of the study to find statistically significant differences. Also, in future studies, a different control group should be considered.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Socio-demographic characteristics and pharmacological treatment options in patients with delirium
Authors: Cruz Aviña F. J. , Salazar Rodriguez A. , Sanchez D. N. M. , Martinez E. A. C. , Rocha Reza L. C. , Nuñez Pichardo S. V. , Barranco Rogel H. A. , Ochoa Madrigal M. G. , Meneses Luna O. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDelirium is common in hospital settings, with approximately 3% to 45% of older patients in hospitals developing delirium during their stay. Among the elderly and those with severe or advanced medical conditions, the reported percentage of patients with delirium is over 56%. The three motor subtypes of delirium are hyperactive, hypoactive, and mixed. Another way to characterize delirium is based on whether it is reversible, irreversible, or terminal.ObjectivesIdentifying appropriate pharmacological treatment options among antipsychotics and their correlation with various precipitating and predisposing factors in the in-hospital contextMethodsThis was a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study that utilized a database created by the psychiatry department at the National Medical Center 20 de Noviembre, with data collected from April 2021 to April 2022. The database contains anonymized administrative and clinical data of patients who were seen in the psychiatry department for the diagnosis of any type of delirium, using the CAM scale for classification. The database includes records and data of hospitalized patients, encompassing all specialties at this medical centerResultsA total of 139 patients were included in the study, of which 39% were female and 61% were male, with a mean age of 67 and a median age of 68 years. It was observed that the average duration of delirium symptoms, from receiving the consultation to remission, was approximately 6 days (p <0.005) (OR 5.12-6.62), and the average length of hospital stay was approximately 20 days (OR 17.3-22.09). Among the patients, 50.39% were overweight, 63% had hypertension (HTA), 29% had chronic kidney injury, 24% had a history of delirium, and 73% had recent surgical interventions. Patients with diabetes mellitus had a 3.1 times higher risk, those with HTA had a 2.8 times higher risk, and those with kidney injury had a 3.8 times higher risk of having a positive CAM result. It was observed that haloperidol, used in 84% of the patients, showed the highest percentage reduction in CAM scoresImage:Image 2:ConclusionsThe results of this study emphasize the importance of identifying risk factors associated with delirium and implementing effective treatment for this condition. It was observed that the average duration of delirium symptoms was approximately 6 days, which is relevant for understanding the course and management of this illness. Furthermore, it was found that the average hospital stay was 20 days, underscoring the burden that delirium can place on healthcare systems.In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of identifying risk factors and providing appropriate treatment, such as the use of haloperidol, to improve outcomes in patients with delirium.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A systematic review of the prevalence of psychosis in people with tuberculosis
Authors: Gunawardena S. M. , McMahon E. , Doherty A. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTuberculosis is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease predominately affects the lungs but also affects other parts of the body, including the central nervous system. According to the the World Health Organization (2023), tuberculosis has an incidence of 6.4 million people in 2022, with 1.5 million deaths attributed to this disease. Psychosis describes a group of disorders that affects a person’s thought process and perception. It is a serious disorder that can have a profound impact on a person’s mental and physical health. As a result, psychosis symptoms and its treatment can complicate the management of tuberculosis.Objectives
The aim of this systematic review is to explore the association between tuberculosis and psychosis. It has been shown that up to 70% of patients with tuberculosis also have comorbid mental illness, this is likely to include psychosis. There are also shared risk factors between tuberculosis and psychosis, including poverty and homelessness, substance abuse, HIV positive serology and isolation. Tuberculosis medication, including isoniazid and rifampicin have been shown to have adverse psychiatric effects and we will examine if this includes psychosis.MethodsA systematic review was pre-registered with PROSPRO and performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. MEDLINE, OVID and PsychINFO databases were searched from beginning of records to September 2023. This included hand-search of relevant reference lists. Observational and epidemiological studies were included along with population based registries.ResultsOver one thousand (1,154) articles were identified and screened. There was significant heterogenity in results and over half of studies were from Asia and Africa. Many studies reported cases of drug-induced psychosis from anti-tubercular agents. Studies also discussed the increased risk of TB incidence among patients with psychosis and other psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsThis study identifies the importance of training healthcare workers in rapid detection of co-morbid psychosis in patients with tuberculosis, along with neuropsychiatric side effects of antitubercular agents. Integration of psychiatric and medical care of these patients would be of benefit to improve outcomes in this patient population. More research is needed on co-morbidity of tuberculosis and psychosis.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Influence of Ovocystatin on Aβ42 soluble oligomeric and fibril formation in in vitro studies
Authors: Stańczykiewicz B. , Piksa M. , Goszczyński T. , Gołąb K. , Konopska B. , Zabłocka A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease is characterized by the presence of β-amyloid deposits in senile plaques and brain vessels. β-amyloid stimulates the glial release of proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), or nitric oxide (NO), which are potentially toxic to neurons. One potential therapy for Alzheimer’s disease is the use of agents that inhibit the aggregation and formation of insoluble β-amyloid deposits in the brain, or break down the aggregates that have already formed, thus preventing their toxicity.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of ovocystatin on the formation and destabilization of β-amyloid aggregation.MethodsThe effect of ovocystatin on β-amyloid aggregation was determined by Thioflavin T (ThT) Assay and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The impact on PC12 cell viability was determined by MTT assay.ResultsOvocystatin can interact directly with Aβ42, inhibiting its aggregation and reducing the toxicity induced by aggregated forms of β-amyloid. All effects are dose-dependent. Additionally, a significant increase in the PC12 cell viability treated simultaneously with Aβ42 and ovocystatin was observed.ConclusionsOvocystatin may be an important factor in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease by regulating the conversion of monomeric β-amyloid into larger and potentially more toxic particles. However, the mechanisms of inhibition of amyloid fibrillar protein formation and/or destabilization by ovocystatin are still unclear and require further investigation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Clinical predictors of treatment effectiveness in late onset schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis
Authors: Pochueva V. , Safarova T. , Sheshenin V. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionClinical features and structural changes in the brain of patients with late-onset schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis are important in predicting the effectiveness of treatment.ObjectivesIdentification the dependence of effectiveness of psychopharmacotherapy on the clinical features and structural brain changes in late-onset schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis.Methods111 patients, age from 52 to 89 years with ICD-10 diagnosis F20, F25, F22.8, F06.2 were investigated for 28 days. Clinical, psychometric methods with PANSS, CGI, HAMD, CDSS, MMSE scales were used. MRI/CT were performed. Effectiveness of treatment was measured in two ways: 1. Percentage ratio of reduction in total scores to the 1st value of scales. 2. The number of responders (patients with a decrease in PANSS by 30% or more).ResultsThe effectiveness of treatment in the overall group was 29,4% on the PANSS scale (from -13,6% to 77,2%). The greatest effectiveness was on subscale of positive syndromes (34,9%), the lowest – on the subscale of negative syndromes (18,6%). The number of responders (R) was 43 patients (38,7%), non-responders(NR) – 68 patients (61,3%). The responder group was characterized by a greater severity of acute psychosis before the begging of treatment. Early insomnia, excitement and anxiety, decreased appetite, valuated by HAMD scale were significantly more pronounced. Treatment effectiveness had negative correlates (p<0,05) with number of acute attacks, number of hospitalizations and the duration of current attack. The predominance of negative symptoms has a negative correlation with effectiveness by PANSS and CGI scales. According to the results of MRI/CT examination, cortical atrophy, vascular changes and leucoaraiosis were more often represented in NR group.ConclusionsThe connection between the effectiveness of treatment and the clinical and psychopathological features and structural changes in late onset schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis was shown.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Childhood trauma as a transdiagnostic risk factor: clinical implications and preventive interventions
Authors: Bou Khalil R. J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAbstract: This presentation seeks to explore the interplay between various types of psychological traumas and their potential correlation with the development of distinct types and severities of eating disorders. Emphasis will be placed on elucidating the underlying biological underpinnings and psychological and developmental factors that contribute to the manifestation of diverse eating disorder phenotypes in individuals who have experienced childhood maltreatment.
Drawing upon existing research and novel insights, I will present some data from studies investigating the notion that the observed variations in eating disorder presentations may be linked especially to environmental influences. Contrary to the conventional focus on genetic determinants, our findings suggest that the differential ecophenotypic expression of eating disorders may not solely be attributed to DNA variants but rather to the complex interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental contexts.In particular, I will expose the concept of an ecophenotype characteristic of eating disorders associated with childhood maltreatment, positing that the unique ecological context in which an individual is raised significantly influences the trajectory and severity of their eating disorder. This exploration extends beyond a mere examination of genetic markers, shedding light on the environmental and ecosystemic factors that shape the development of an individual’s relationship with food and body image.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Alcohol addiction treatments for home resident in Switzerland: review and results of a transectional study
Authors: Gothuey I. , Masdea F. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn Switzerland, alcohol consumption is even decreasing, with an exception for old people after retirement.35%of them have a heavy or addictive consumption (OFSP, consommation d’alcool en Suisse, fait et chiffres. 01.2023). This is also the case for home residents.The alcohol consumption by old poeple has negatives consequences on the health (falls, fractures, cognitives disorders).
The autors conduct a crossectionnal enquiry in the homes of Fribourg area to identify addictive behaviour and different existing supports. After a review, the authors present the results of their enquiryObjectivesIdentify how much home-residents have a problematic or an addictive alcohol problemIdentify if there is existing supportHinghligthing the training need for the staffMethodsCrossectionnal enquiry was sent in 42 Home of the Fribourg area, with 3 relancesResultsThe premliminary result will be completed at the end of 2023:-Every home identify at leat 4-5 residents with a problematic alcohol consumption-Most of them, the staff have no specific addictive trainig and no needs for it-The staff authorise alcohol consumption in the home, to avoid alcohol withdrawal-The psychiatric consultant in the home can help the staff to manage the counter-attitudesHome residents are not eligible for specialized addictive care, whil the generally respond well to motivationnal interviewing or to controlled consumption. The lack of staff training could be an hypothesis. The lack of interest in the neagtives conséquences oh alcool on th health of people at the enf of their lives is anothers hypothesisConclusionsNursing home residents are not eligible for specialized addictive care. The enquiry results are astonishing: no need of specialized training, authorization of continous drinking in the different homes, while the literature points the effectivnesse of motivationnal interviewing or controlled approaches by old people with addictive disorders.Further studies are needed, ethical consideration on the management of alcohol addiction in the elderly should be proposed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cyberaddiction in the medical setting: A study of 45 cases
Authors: Ghenim A. , Brahim D. , Yaich I. , Ben Said C. , Belkahla A. , Youssef I. , Mersni M. , Mechergui N. , Ben Said H. , Bahri G. , Bani M. , Bram N. , Ladhari N. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionInternet use can become uncontrollable, leading to physical and psychological suffering and what is known as cyberaddiction.ObjectivesTo assess the frequency of cyberaddiction in a population of young doctors.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study of a population of young doctors. We collected socio-professional and medical data using a Google Forms self-questionnaire. The Young scale was recommended for screening for cyberaddiction. A score ≥5 indicates Internet addiction. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) was adopted to reveal anxiety-depressive disorders.ResultsA total of 45 physicians responded to our survey. The mean age was 29.93±4.8 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.3. Participants were single in 69% of cases. Residents represented 64% of the population. Physicians were family medicine residents in 11% of cases. The mean Young’s score was 3.13±1.97/8. Cyberaddiction was noted in 24% of cases. A definite anxiety-depressive disorder was found in 6.7% and 13.3% of cases respectively. Internet addiction was significantly associated with female gender (p<0.05) and a positive HAD (A) score (p=0.03).ConclusionsAccording to the results of our study, cyberaddiction is common among medical staff. A preventive strategy is needed to counter the harmful effects of this addiction.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared