bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Training of Surgical Resident Doctors at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Ademusire Babatunde Isaac , Adeyemi Anuoluwapo Victor , Adefarati Opeoluwa Samuel , Alonge Aishat Temitope , Ibrahim Gladys Zugwai , Oyebanji Toluwanimi , Eseile Ideyonbe Samuel , Afolabi Adefemi Oladiran 
Published: August 2024

Background: Studies in many countries have reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted surgical residency training. While a few qualitative studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of this disruption in Nigeria, a country with a small surgical workforce, no known quantitative research has assessed the effect of the pandemic on surgical residency training in the country. We, therefore, conducted this study to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on the training of resident doctors in surgical specialties at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, using quantitative indicators.
Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to surgical resident doctors across different subspecialties at UCH, Ibadan. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and logistic regression.
Results: A total of 87 surgical trainees (response rate, 89.7%) participated in the survey. Some surgical trainees reported an increase in overall working hours (28.6%) and the frequency of weekend calls (9.5%). Only 22.4% continued to work in their primary subspecialty. In comparison with the pre- pandemic period, there was a significant reduction (% deviation in mean±standard deviation; p value) in the time, hours per week, spent in the outpatient clinic (−38±31; p < 0.001), on ward rounds (−25±96; p < 0.001), and in the theater (−35±87; p < 0.001), and major surgeries performed (−48±55; p < 0.001) at the height of the pandemic. Senior surgical trainees were half as likely as junior trainees to feel that the pandemic would cause an extension in the normal duration of their training (adjusted odds ratio, 0.64; confidence interval, 0.20– 2.01; p = 0.444).
Conclusion: The pandemic caused a reduction in work hours spent performing subspecialty duties and the procedures performed by surgical trainees at UCH, Ibadan. Hospitals should develop strategies to minimize disruptions to surgical residency training programs during pandemics and other healthcare crises.
Agro-pedological impacts of different crop rotations on a ferric acrisol in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bouinzemwende Pouya Mathias , Gnankambary Zacharia , Kiba Innocent Delwende , Zongo Nongma , Sedogo Michel 
Published: August 2024

Low crop yields are often explained by unfavourable rainfall conditions, the natural poverty of the soil in terms of nutrients and the low use of fertilisers. In order to find appropriate solutions for the sustainable management of soil fertility, a study was carried out on the Fertility Maintenance Trial (FTM), an experimental system established in 1960 in central western Burkina Faso, where organic and/or mineral fertilisation regimes combined with crop rotations have been tested. The approach of this study consisted of a synthesis of existing agronomic data from 2011-2019 on the three (03) crop rotations. Soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-20 cm for physico- chemical analysis. We also measured yields on the cotton and sorghum plots during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. The results show that yield variability can be attributed not only to fertilisation, but also to crop rotations and the annual rainfall recorded over the period. The sorghum-cotton and sorghum-cowpea rotations produced the highest average sorghum yields, at 547 kg.ha-1 and 642 kg.ha-1 respectively. Sorghum monoculture recorded the lowest sorghum production. Chemical analyses revealed higher phosphorus use in the sorghumcowpea rotation compared with the other rotations. The study of cropping system efficiency also revealed the role of legumes in crop rotations in maintaining and preserving soil fertility. In addition, we can be recommending integrated soil fertility management (organic and mineral fertilisation, crop rotations, etc.) for sustainable management of productive capital on cotton farms in Burkina Faso.
Criblage phytochimique et effet de l’extrait aqueux de l’Asthpadose (un phytomédicament utilisé traditionnellement dans le traitement de l’asthme) sur les paramètres biochimiques des rats <i>Wistar</i>
Authors: Baibo Leonce Guy , Ackah Bognan Alfred Auguste Jacques , Gbogbo Moussa , Yaye Guillaume Yapi , Obouayeba Pacome Abba 
Published: August 2024

Asthpadose (remède naturel à base de plantes) est un phytomédicament utilisé dans le traitement traditionnel de l’asthme en Côte d’Ivoire. Malheureusement, les bases scientifiques concernant son innocuité et permettant son utilisation en médecine moderne en Côte d’Ivoire sont méconnues. L’objectif de ce travail a été d’évaluer le screening phytochimique et l’effet de l’extrait aqueux de l’Asthpadose sur certains paramètres biochimiques (ASAT, ALAT, cholestérol total, triglycérides, urée et créatinine) des rats Wistar. L’extrait aqueux a été obtenu par homogénéisation de la poudre d’Asthpadose puis séchage à l’étuve à la température de 55°C. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé la présence de composés bioactifs tels que les alcaloïdes, les terpénoïdes et les polyphénols dans ce phytomédicament. Ils conféreraient des propriétés pharmacologiques à l’extrait aqueux de l’Asthpadose. De plus, ces résultats ont révélé que les prises uniques et quotidiennes de l’extrait aqueux de l’Asthpadose n’ont pas influencé significativement les paramètres biochimiques des animaux testés comparativement aux témoins. Ces résultats montrent ainsi que l’extrait aqueux de l’Asthpadose n’a eu aucun dommage sur certaines fonctions vitales durant la période d’étude.

English title: Phytochemical screening and effect of aqueous extract of Asthpadose (a phytomedicine traditionally used in the treatment of asthma) on biochemical parameters of Wistar rats
Natural herbal remedy, Asthpadose is a phytomedicine used in the traditional treatment of asthma in Côte d'Ivoire. Unfortunately, scientific basis for safety and use in modern medicine in Côte d'Ivoire is poorly understood. The aim of this study to evaluate the phytochemical screening and the effect of the aqueous extract of Asthpadose on biochemical parameters (ASAT, ALAT, total cholesterol, triglycerides, urea and creatinine) of Wistar rats. The aqueous extract was obtained by homogenizing the Asthpadose powder and at 55°C. The results revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids and polyphenols in this phytomedicine. They confer pharmacological properties the aqueous extract of Asthpadose. In addition, these results that doses of the aqueous extract of Asthpadose did not significantly the biochemical parameters of test animals compared with controls. These results show that the aqueous extract of Asthpadose did not any damage to certain functions of vital during the study period.
Biomarkers and contaminants in the bivalve <i>Perna perna</i> caged in coastal sites in Senegal
Authors: Tabane Fatou , Diagne Diabou , Niang Doudou Georges , Cazier Fabrice , Dewaele Dorothee , Leye Nafissatou , Hylland Ketil , Diop Cheikh , Cabral Mathilde , Ba Cheikh Tidiane , Fall Mamadou 
Published: August 2024

There is a scarcity of model species for contaminant monitoring in Africa meanwhile several studies have reported cases of pollution by numerous chemical contaminants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of one possible model species, the filter-feeding coastal bivalve Perna perna, for contaminant monitoring. P. perna collected from an unpolluted area of the Senegalese coast were transplanted to the Dakar harbour and to a reference location in the open coast in the vicinity of Dakar. Mussels were retrieved after four weeks’ deployment and either analysed immediately or allowed to depurate for another four weeks. Mussels were analysed for biomarkers (selected transcripts and cellular responses) in gills and digestive gland (hepatopancreas), as well as for whole body residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals. Mussels held in the harbour had accumulated both PAHs and the metals Pb, Cu and Se. Transcripts of biotransformation enzymes were downregulated whereas transcripts for antioxidant enzymes were upregulated in the gills compared to those of mussels held at the reference location. Digestive gland acetylcholinesterase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymatic activities were decreased compared to mussels from the reference location. Following depuration, gill transcripts had returned to baseline level except for gill glutathione S-transferase and lactate dehydrogenase activity, which decreased. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition was less prominent following depuration, but still significantly inhibited. The results suggest that caging of P. perna and measurement of selected biomarkers can be used to monitor effects of coastal environmental contamination.
Evaluation de la contamination par les métaux lourds (Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cr, Cd et Pb) des sédiments du bassin du lac Léré, Mayo-Kebbi Ouest, Tchad
Authors: Souareba Tchinfanbe , Doumnang Jean-Claude , Rondouba Parfait , Tarkodjiel Mianpereum , Mahmout Yaya 
Published: August 2024

Les activités anthropiques sont à l’origine des émissions des éléments métalliques qui contribuent à la dégradation de la qualité des sédiments des milieux lacustres. Dans le but de caractériser l’état de la qualité des sédiments du bassin du lac Léré, site centré entre 9,37° de longitude Nord et 14,10° de latitude Est, Département du Mayo-Kebbi Ouest et de constituer une base des données relatives aux métaux lourds, cette présente étude visait à évaluer l’état de contamination des sédiments de ce bassin par les métaux lourds à savoir l’aluminium (Al), le fer (Fe), le manganèse (Mn), le nickel (Ni), le zinc (Zn), le chrome (Cr), le cadmium (Cd) et le plomb (Pb). Tout d’abord, ces éléments métalliques ont été analysés dans l’extrait par la méthode colorimétrique à l’aide d’un spectrophotomètre d’absorption atomique (Band HACH Lange GmbH) de marque DR 6000. Les résultats ont montré que les différentes teneurs des métaux varient peu et restent inférieures aux teneurs du fond géochimique. Néanmoins, la plus importante variation est observée pour le Mn (2,50 mg/kg en S5 à 134,50 mg/kg en S1). Globalement, on retient que les sédiments du bassin du lac Léré étaient faiblement pollués (IPS = 4,65). Cette trace de pollution observée serait due à un enrichissement important des sédiments en élément Cd et Ni enregistré (Cd : 10,39 et Ni : 3,24). Par rapport à l’ordre d’enrichissement moyen on peut retenir que : Cd > Ni > Cr > Zn > Al > Pb > Fe . Il faut noter que les sédiments du bassin du lac Léré étaient non contaminés et ne présentaient pas de risque écologique considérable quel que soit l’enrichissement observé pour le Cd et Ni. Dans la plupart des stations et par rapport aux autres éléments analysés, l’aluminium, le fer et le plomb étaient des éléments les moins présents dans les sédiments du bassin du lac Léré (Igéo < 0).
Effet résiduel de l’inoculation rhizobienne du soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] sur la fertilité du sol et la productivité du maïs semé en rotation au Bénin
Authors: Zoundji Mahougnon Charlotte Carmelle , Tossou Herbert , Balogoun Ibouraiman , Akplo Tobi Moriaque , Gangnon Semevo Oslo , Tossou Opportune , Alladassi Felix Kouelo , Houngnandan Pascal 
Published: August 2024

Le coût élevé de l’azote et le bilan environnemental de son processus industriel orientent les recherches vers des alternatives durables. Cette étude visait à évaluer l’arrière-effet du soja inoculé avec des souches de rhizobium sur la fertilité du sol et la productivité du maïs. L’inoculation (Témoin non inoculé, FA3 et STM 3043) et le phosphore (0 et 50 P.ha-1 ) ont été les facteurs étudiés dans un dispositif expérimental en bloc de Fisher répété quatre fois. Les paramètres de croissance et de rendement ainsi que les exportations en azote et en phosphore ont été déterminés. Les résultats ont montré que les souches, l’apport du phosphore et leur interaction ont amélioré la croissance et le rendement du maïs. L’apport de 50 kg de phosphore a induit les meilleurs rendements quelle que soit la souche de rhizobium. Cependant, la souche STM3043 en combinaison avec le phosphore a induit les meilleurs rendements en grain (2448,99 ± 126 kg/ha)) du maïs et le meilleur indice de récolte (0,38 ± 0,01) suivie de la souche FA3. De plus, les exportations d’azote et de phosphore sont significativement plus élevées au niveau de la souche STM3043 associée au phosphore. Cette technologie peut donc être utilisée pour améliorer la croissance et le rendement du maïs au Bénin.

English title: Residual effect of rhizobial inoculation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] on the productivity of maize sown in rotation in Benin
The high cost of nitrogen and the environmental balance of its industrial process lead us to find other sources of nitrogen food to reduce the quantities from this industry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of soybeans inoculated with rhizobium strains on corn productivity. Inoculation (non-inoculated control, FA3 and STM 3043) and phosphorus (0 and 50 P.ha-1 ) were the factors studied in a Fisher block design repeated four times. Growth and yield parameters as well as nitrogen and phosphorus uptake were determined. The results showed that the strains, phosphorus supply and their interaction improved maize growth and yield. The addition of 50 kg of phosphorus induced the best yields whatever the rhizobium strain. However, strain STM3043 in combination with phosphorus induced the highest grain yields (2448.99 ± 126.00 kg.ha-1 ) of maize and the best harvest index (0.38 ± 0.01), followed by strain FA3. In addition, Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake were significantly (P < 0.05) higher for strain STM3043 combined with phosphorus. This technology can therefore be used to improve maize growth and yield in Benin.
Impacts écologiques des activités de restauration des terres dégradées dans trois terroirs villageois de la région de Maradi (Niger)ion de Maradi (Niger)
Authors: Wanogo Haoua Soubeiga , Abdou Ousseini Moussa , Adamou Mahaman Moustapha , Garba Amadou , Soumana Boubacar , Mahamane Kalidou Illa , Kona Hamza Mayaki 
Published: August 2024

La région de Maradi au Niger faisait face à une forte pression démographique qui se traduisait par une pression continue sur les ressources naturelles. Ainsi, plusieurs travaux de restauration ont été réalisés à l’aide notamment des demi-lunes pastorales et de la fixation des dunes. Cette étude visait à évaluer les effets de ces techniques sur la végétation ligneuse et herbacée dans des sites récupérés des villages de Dara Amadou, Kouroungoussaou et Angué dans la région de Maradi. La méthode Braun-Blanquet (1932) a été appliquée pour les relevés phytosociologiques et celle de la récolte intégrale pour la détermination de la biomasse et de la capacité de charge. Des mesures dendrométriques ont été établies pour les ligneux. Ainsi, 180 espèces herbacées réparties dans 60 familles, 135 genres et 38 espèces ligneuses appartenant à 21 familles, ont été recensées. La famille des Gramineae était la plus répandue sur les trois sites, suivie de celle des Papilionaceae. Pour les ligneux, les Mimosaceae ont dominé. L’indice de diversité de Shannon a varié de 2,47 bits à 3,70 bits. La productivité des herbacées a passé de 1,664 t/ha à 1,894 t/ha. Ces résultats peuvent contribuer à définir des bases scientifiques de gestion durable des ressources naturelles.

The Maradi region of Niger was facing strong demographic pressure, which was resulting in continued pressure on natural resources. As a result, a number of restoration projects have been carried out, in particular using pastoral half-moons and dune fixation. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of these techniques on woody and herbaceous vegetation in reclaimed sites in the villages of Dara Amadou, Kouroungoussaou and Angué in the Maradi region. The Braun-Blanquet (1932) method was applied for phytosociological surveys and the integral harvesting method for determining biomass and carrying capacity. Dendrometric measurements were taken for woody species. A total of 180 herbaceous species in 60 families, 135 genera and 38 woody species in 21 families were recorded. The Gramineae family was the most widespread at all three sites, followed by Papilionaceae. Among the woody species, the Mimosaceae dominated. The Shannon diversity index varied from 2.47 bits to 3.70 bits. Herbaceous productivity rose from 1.664 t/ha to 1.894 t/ha. These results may help to define the scientific basis for the sustainable management of natural resources.
PERANCANGAN INTERNET OF THINGS DALAM MONITORING SUHU DAN PH AIR LAUT SEBAGAI MEDIA SINTESIS MIKROSAMPEL MIKROALGA
Authors: Suputra Widharma I Gede , Sajayasa IM , Sangka IGN , Dewi Anggreni AAM , Sunaya IN , Darminta IK , Sri Budarsa IKG 
Published: August 2024

Perancangan IoT ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode monitoring terhadap suhu dan pH air sebagai media sintesa mikrosampel mikroalga. Sistem yang dirancang ini menciptakan lingkungan kontrol yang optimal dalam proses pembuatan mikrosampel mikroalga. Fokus utamanya adalah memonitoring kondisi media yaitu suhu dan pH air selama sintesis berlangsung hingga mendapatkan biomassa. Sistem ini memberikan wawasan baru terhadap keterkaitan antar variabel lingkungan dan hasil mikroalga yang disinergikan dengan green technology. Pemanfaatan sensor suhu dan pH yang terhubung ke mikrokontroler dan disimpan pada database memberikan hasil yang sesuai. Suhu air berkisar antara 26,4oC hingga 28,4oC dengan error dibawah 1%, nilai pH air antara 5,6 hingga 6,2 dengan error dibawah 1% dan menghasilkan rata-rata biomassa sekitar 2 mg. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa IoT dapat berfungsi dengan baik dalam memonitoring media sintesis mikrosampel mikroalga.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS USING DU PONT AT PT. ADARO ENERGI INDONESIA Tbk PERIOD 2019-2023
Authors: Pardede Mazmur 
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the performance of PT Adaro Energy Indonesia Tbk in 2019–2023 using the Du Pont analysis tool by looking at NPM, ROA, ROE, EM, and TATO. From the results of this research, it can be seen that the maximum NPM is in 2022, at 34.9%, and the minimum in 2020 is 6.3%, with an average value of 22%. The maximum TATO is in 2022, at 75.1%, and the minimum in 2020 is 39.7%, with an average value of 55.5%. The maximum ROA in 2022 is 26.3%, and the minimum in 2020 is 2.5% with an average value of 13.2%. The maximum EM is in 2019, which is 181.2%, and the minimum in 2023 is 141.4%, with an average value of 164%. The maximum ROE is in 2022, at 43%, and the minimum in 2020 is 4%, with an average value of 21%. Keywords: NPM, TATO, ROA, ROE, EM, Du Pont.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI SUKUK (OBLIGASI SYARIAH) PADA PERUSAHAN TELEKOMUMIKASI YANG TERDAFTAR PADA BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) PERIODE 2020-2023
Authors: Arfiani Mutia , Ramadhan Rizki , Fauziah Sri Rani 
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of the independent variables, namely company size, profitability (ROA), and activity (TATO) on the dependent variable rating of Islamic bonds in companies telecommunication listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The type of research used is research with quantitative methods. The data sources used in this study are data obtained from idx.co.id, Pefindo.com, and company websites in the 2020-2023 period. The data analysis technique in this study was to use multiple data regression analysis. The results showed that the profitability variable (ROA) and the activity variable (TATO) has a negative and significant effect on sharia bond (Sukuk) ratings in companies that listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), and simultaneously the variables Profitability (ROA), and Activity (TATO) together has a positive and significant effect on sharia bond (Sukuk) ratings of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).
Nü-shu: a Cryptography Invented by Women
Authors: Исаева Людмила Ивановна 
Published: August 2024

В 30-х гг. прошлого столетия учёные Китая обнаружили на юге провинции Хунань необычную письменность, которой пользовались только женщины, за что она и получила название нюй-шу . «Женская письменность» нюй-шу является фонетическим слоговым письмом одного из диалектов китайского языка и передавалась из поколения в поколение от матери к дочери. В статье подробно описаны форма символов, способы записи, район распространения, социальная функция этой письменности, а также способ ее передачи по наследству. Представлено содержание письменных памятников, предложен вариант поэтического перевода одного из произведений нюй-шу . Особое внимание уделяется попыткам сохранить письменность в наши дни.
Nü-shu was discovered in the 1930s in Hunan province of southern China. It is an unusual script derived from Chinese characters that was used exclusively among women, therefore named Nü-shu . It is a syllabic script of one of the dialects in the Chinese language, which was passed down through the generations from mother to daughter. The article describes form of the signs, the methods of writing, the area of distribution, the social function as well as the way the script has been inherited in the family. The content of works written in Nü-shu is analyzed, the author presents her own poetic translation of one of the Nü-Shu works. Particular attention is paid to attempts to preserve this script today.
: Translation and Preliminary Study
Authors: Малявин Владимир Вячеславович 
Published: August 2024

Статья включает в себя первый перевод на русский язык классического даосского сочинения «Канон зародышевого дыхания» (Тай си цзин), в котором излагаются важнейшие положения дыхательной практики даосизма. Перевод сопровождается текстологическими примечаниями и комментариями в том числе оригинальными разъяснениями автора. Исследование опирается на широкий круг источников, относящихся к традиции «Канона зародышевого дыхания». Автор анализирует как конкретные методы даосской дыхательной практики, так и принципы китайского мировоззрения, отразившиеся в ней. Показано значение исследуемых произведений для развития практики духовного совершенствования.
The article includes Russian translation of The Scripture of Embryonic Breathing (Tai Xi Jing), one of the most important treatises on the breathing practice in Taoism. Translation is accompanied by textual notes and detailed commentaries including original interpretations by the author. The study is based on the wide range of primary sources relating to the tradition of the Tai Xi Jing. The author analyzes both concrete methods of breathing in the tradition of “inner elixir” (nei dan) and general principles of Chinese thinking.