bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hydrogen Management Method in Residential Distributed Generation Systems with Photovoltaic Cells and Hydrogen‐Storage Type Fuel Cells
Authors: Takubo Ryosuke , Takahashi Akiko , Imai Jun , Funabiki Shigeyuki 
Published: July 2015

SUMMARYRecently, renewable energy has been attracting attention as a result of global warming and the depletion of fossil fuels. Photovoltaic (PV) systems have spread rapidly around the world because they generate electric power quietly and can be installed in many places. The output power generated in a PV system fluctuates with changes in solar irradiance and panel temperature. The reverse flow of surplus power in output spikes may have a negative effect on electric power quality, such as on the frequency and voltage in a power system. A residential distributed generation (DG) system composed of a fuel cell (FC) unit, an electrolyzer (EL) unit, and a PV system has been proposed in order to resolve these problems. In order to operate this system without interruption, the hydrogen storage volume must be managed. This paper proposes a novel hydrogen management method for a residential DG system with PV cells and hydrogen‐storage type FCs. The hydrogen storage volume is maintained at the preset frequency by operating the FC unit and the EL unit. Models of the PV, FC, and EL were constructed for a simulation. In the simulation, we showed that the proposed management method is viable for a residential DG system with PV cells and hydrogen‐storage FCs.
Validation of the FEW16 questionnaire for the assessment of physical well‐being in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: results from the CIBIS‐ELD study
Authors: Tahirović E. , Lashki D. J. , Trippel T. D. , Tscholl V. , Fritschka M. , Musial‐Bright L. , Busjahn A. , Kolip P. , Störk S. , Rauchfuß M. , Inkrot S. , Lainscak M. , Apostolović S. , Vesković J. , Lončar G. , Doehner W. , Zelenak C. , Düngen H. D. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimsPatients with heart failure (HF) commonly suffer from severe impairment of quality of life (QoL). One main goal of HF treatment is improvement of QoL. Physical well‐being is an essential component of QoL. To enable assessment of physical well‐being in HF patients, we validated the FEW16 questionnaire in a prospective study with patients from the Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study in ELDerly.Methods and resultsIn 127 HF patients (age 73 ± 5.5 years, 72% male, 60% New York Heart Association class II, left ventricular ejection fraction 37 ± 8.5%), we measured physical well‐being (FEW16), QoL [36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF36)], and depressive symptoms [PRIME MD Patient Health Questionnaire German short version for depression (PHQ‐D)] at baseline and two follow‐up visits, and correlated FEW16 scores with QoL data and clinical parameters. FEW16 mean scores are 3.04 ± 1.04 at baseline, 3.19 ± 0.94 after 3 months, and 2.77 ± 0.94 after 2–4 years. We assessed data quality, scale assumptions, and construct validity and reliability. Cronbach's alpha for subscales resilience: 0.84; ability to enjoy: 0.80; vitality: 0.88; inner peace: 0.87; total score: 0.95. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is 0.87 (95% CI 0.84–0.89, ICC (1.4). Pearson's correlations of FEW16 with SF36 and PHQ‐D were significant. Six minutes walking distance and heart rate correlated significantly with the FEW16 total score.ConclusionsThe FEW16 showed good reliability, internal consistency, and intraclass correlation. FEW16 scores correlated well with psychological and physical well‐being (SF36) and clinical markers of exercise tolerance (6 min walk test and heart rate). Our results indicate a strong correlation of self‐reported physical well‐being with psychological factors. FEW16 values at baseline predicted the development of several aspects of QoL during beta‐blocker up‐titration.
Strive for the spectrum sharing by transferring energy and relaying data for the primary user
Authors: Zhai Chao , Liu Ju , Lan Peng , Sun Fenggang 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThrough harvesting energy from the environment, the wireless system can be sustainable and work for a long time. The spectrum sharing is promising to cope with the contradiction between the shortage of spectrum and the ever‐growing transmission requirements. Jointly considering the energy and spectrum efficiencies, we proposed in this work an energy harvesting (EH)‐based spectrum sharing scheme. The cognitive radio network with one primary link and one secondary link is studied, where the primary base station (BS) serves its primary user (PU), and the secondary access point (AP) intends to communicate with a secondary user. The PU should harvest the wireless energy for the uplink data transmission, while all the other terminals have the stable power supply. The AP can wirelessly transfer energy to the PU along with the BS to improve the EH efficiency, and further, it can relay the primary data to the BS to improve the spectrum efficiency. The energy and data cooperation from the AP can significantly enhance the throughput of primary system, and hence, more spectrum can be released for the secondary data transmission. The resource allocation between the two systems for the energy transfer and data relaying is determined through maximising the throughput of secondary link while guaranteeing the performance of primary link. Under the peak power constraint, the system performance is analysed considering the dependence of the downlink energy transfer and the uplink data relaying. Numerical results are provided to reveal the impacts of various parameter settings to the system performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of optimized interpolation schemes with spurious modes minimization
Authors: Cunha G. , Redonnet S. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThis work constitutes a fraction of a more extensive effort, which ultimate objective is the development of advanced aeroacoustics hybrid methods. Within this framework, we here focus on the interpolation step, on which generally rely all coupling processes that link altogether the various stages constituting any given hybrid method. In that regard, previous works by the present authors had revealed the intrinsic limitations and subsequent side effects (e.g., signal degradation) that weight on usual high‐order interpolation schemes, whether the latter are of centered or noncentered nature, as well as optimized in an acoustic sense or not. Based on the outcomes of such study, here, a novel optimization technique for interpolation schemes is proposed. Such a technique, which is designed hereafter as theinterpolation by parts (IBP), allows interpolating accurately a given signal, while minimizing its possible degradation. As a result, compared with its standard counterpart, anyIBP‐optimized interpolation scheme exhibits improved characteristics, such as a spurious modes generation that is greatly reduced (up to a 99%factor). Such improved characteristics are here validated on the basis of three test cases (of 1D, 2Dand 3Dnature), which illustrates the potentialities offered by the IBP optimization technique. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical modeling of heat transfer and pasteurizing value during thermal processing of intact egg
Authors: Abbasnezhad Behzad , Hamdami Nasser , Monteau Jean‐Yves , Vatankhah Hamed 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThermal Pasteurization of Eggs, as a widely used nutritive food, has been simulated. A three‐dimensional numerical model, computational fluid dynamics codes of heat transfer equations using heat natural convection, and conduction mechanisms, based on finite element method, was developed to study the effect of air cell size and eggshell thickness. The model, confirmed by comparing experimental and numerical results, was able to predict the temperature profiles, the slowest heating zone, and the required heating time during pasteurization of intact eggs. The results showed that the air cell acted as a heat insulator. Increasing the air cell volume resulted in decreasing of the heat transfer rate, and the increasing the required time of pasteurization (up to 14%). The findings show that the effect on thermal pasteurization of the eggshell thickness was not considerable in comparison to the air cell volume.
The incidence and distribution of Listeria monocytogenes in ready‐to‐eat vegetables in South‐Western Nigeria
Authors: Ajayeoba Titilayo A. , Atanda Olusegun O. , Obadina Adewale O. , Bankole Mobolaji O. , Adelowo Olawale O. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe study investigated the incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in ready‐to‐eat (RTE) vegetables: (Cucumber, Cucumis sativas; Cabbage, Brassica olerecea; Carrot, Daucus carota; Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum; Lettuce, Lactuca sativa) in six states in South‐Western Nigeria. A total of 555 composite samples were collected from 30 traditional markets within the states and only 244 L. monocytogenes species were isolated by standard methods. The incidence of L. monocytogenes was low and not statistically significant per vegetable type. The percentage distribution of the L. monocytogenes isolates in the RTE vegetables was 28.28, 9.02, 23.36, 19.67, and 19.67 for Cabbage, Carrot, Cucumber, Lettuce, and Tomatoes, respectively. Lagos state had the highest incidence of L. monocytogenes contamination (55%) followed by Ondo (48.89%), Oyo (48.75%), Ogun (44.09%), Osun (34.38%), and Ekiti (33.33%) states, respectively. Although the incidence of L. monocytogenes in the RTE vegetables in South‐Western Nigeria is low, its presence should be a source of concern as it could constitute a public health threat for its consumers.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Coupling a SOEC in Co‐Electrolysis Mode with the Dimethyl Ether Synthesis
Authors: Botta G. , Solimeo M. , Leone P. , Aravind P. V. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis work describes a thermodynamic model of an integrated system for the production of a syngas, via a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), coupled with a subsequent catalytic upgrading into dimethyl ether (DME). The proposed energy system has been investigated on a thermodynamic basis, including exergy analysis.The syngas composition required for the catalytic upgrading is strongly affecting the SOEC design. SOEC operating conditions have been chosen in order to reach an H2/CO ratio close to 1 while avoiding carbon formation. The produced syngas from the SOEC is then pre‐treated and DME is synthesized in a one‐step reactor in which both methanol synthesis and dehydration occur. Two different plant configurations have been investigated including an ambient pressure and a pressurized system. The layout and operating parameters have been chosen in order to maximize the purity of the produced DME without affecting the overall efficiency and yield. The global heat demand has been assessed with the waste heat recovery method. In the optimal configuration, an improvement in the DME content of the final product is obtained, reaching a value of 99.8% in mass. Therefore, such configuration would allow the final product to be readily used for transportation applications.
Helping staff to implement psychosocial interventions in care homes: augmenting existing practices and meeting needs for support
Authors: Lawrence Vanessa , Fossey Jane , Ballard Clive , Ferreira Nicola , Murray Joanna 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo contribute to an optimised training programme for care staff that supports the implementation of evidence‐based psychosocial interventions in long‐term care.MethodsQualitative study that involved focus group discussions with 119 care home staff within 16 care homes in the UK. Part of wider clinical trial aimed at developing and evaluating an effective and practical psychosocial intervention and implementation approach for people with dementia in long‐term care. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify themes and interpret the data.ResultsThe findings highlighted that successful training and support interventions must acknowledge and respond to ‘whole home’ issues. Three overarching themes emerged as influential: the importance of contextual factors such as staff morale, interpersonal relationships within the home, and experience and perceived value of the proposed intervention.ConclusionsPriority must be given to obtain the commitment of all staff, management and relatives to the training programme and ensure that expectations regarding interaction with residents, participation in activities and the reduction of medication are shared across the care home. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled pilot study of adjunctive quetiapine SR in the treatment of PMS/PMDD
Authors: Jackson Christine , Pearson Brenda , Girdler Susan , Johnson Jacqueline , Hamer Robert M. , Killenberg Susan , Meltzer‐Brody Samantha 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivePremenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a more severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), afflicts 5–8% of reproductive age women and results in significant functional impairment. We conducted a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of adjunctive quetiapine in patients with PMS/PMDD who had inadequate response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor therapy for their symptoms.MethodsA PMS/PMDD diagnosis was confirmed by 2‐month prospective diagnostic assessment of PMS/PMDD using the Prospective Record of the Impact and Severity of Premenstrual Symptoms (PRISM) calendar. Women were randomized equally to receive quetiapine sustained‐release (SR) or placebo (25‐mg starting dose) during the luteal phase for 3 months. Outcome variables included the Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales, Clinical Global Impression Scale, and PRISM.ResultsTwenty women were enrolled in the treatment phase. Although the study was underpowered, greater reductions in luteal phase mood ratings were observed in the quetiapine group on the 17‐item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression improvement rating, and PRISM daily score. The quetiapine group showed most improvement in symptoms of mood lability, anxiety, and irritability.ConclusionThis small double‐blind study suggests that adjunctive treatment with quetiapine SR may be a useful addition to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy in women with PMS/PMDD by reducing symptoms and improving quality of life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Price Regulations and Dark Pools on Financial Market Stability: An Investigation by Multiagent Simulations
Authors: Mizuta Takanobu , Kosugi Shintaro , Kusumoto Takuya , Matsumoto Wataru , Izumi Kiyoshi , Yagi Isao , Yoshimura Shinobu 
Published: July 2015

SummaryWe built an artificial market model and investigated the impact of large erroneous orders on financial market price formations. Comparing the case of consented large erroneous orders in the short term with that of continuous small erroneous orders in the long term, if amounts of orders are the same, we found that the orders induced almost the same price fall range. We also analysed effects of price variation limits for erroneous orders and found that price variation limits that employ a limitation term shorter than the time erroneous orders exist effectively prevent large price fluctuations. We also investigated effects of up‐tick rules, adopting the trigger method that the Japan Financial Services Agency adopted in November 2013.We also investigated whether dark pools that never provide any order books stabilize markets or not using the model including one lit market, which provides all order books to investors, and one dark pool. We found that markets become more stable as the dark pool is increasingly used. We also found that using the dark pool more reduces the market impacts. However, if other investors’ usage rates of dark pools become too large, investors must use the dark pool more than other investors to avoid market impacts. When a tick size of a lit market is larger, dark pools are more useful to avoid market impacts. These results suggest that dark pools stabilize markets when the usage rate is under some threshold and negatively affect the market when the usage rate is over that threshold. Our simulation results suggest the threshold might be much larger than the usage rate in present real financial markets.This study is the first to discuss whether or not several concrete and actually adoptable regulations, including those that have never been employed (e.g. price variation limits with various parameters), could prevent large fluctuations of market prices, including those beyond our experience, using artificial market simulations, and to discuss quantitatively how spreading of dark pools beyond our experience could affect market price formations using the artificial market simulations. In short, this study is the first study to comprehensively discuss how regulations and financial systems beyond our experience could affect price formations using the artificial market simulations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hospitalist attitudes toward the assessment and management of dyspnea in patients with acute cardiopulmonary diseases
Authors: Stefan Mihaela S. , Au David H. , Mularski Richard A. , Krishnan Jerry A. , Naureckas Eduard T. , Carson Shannon S. , Godwin Patrick , Priya Aruna , Pekow Penelope S. , Lindenauer Peter K. 
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUNDDyspnea is a common symptom in patients hospitalized with acute cardiopulmonary diseases. Routine assessment of dyspnea severity is recommended by clinical guidelines based on the evidence that patients are not treated consistently for dyspnea relief.OBJECTIVETo evaluate attitudes and beliefs of hospitalists regarding the assessment and management of dyspnea.DESIGNCross‐sectional survey.SETTINGSNine hospitals in the United States.MEASUREMENTSSurvey questions assessed the following domains regarding dyspnea: importance in clinical care, potential benefits and challenges of implementing a standardized assessment, current approaches to assessment, and how awareness of severity affects management. A 5‐point Likert scale was used to assess the respondent's level of agreement; strongly agree and agree were combined into a single category.RESULTSOf the 255 hospitalists invited to participate, 69.8% completed the survey; 77.0% agreed that dyspnea relief is an important goal when treating patients with cardiopulmonary conditions. Approximately 90% of respondents stated that awareness of dyspnea severity influences their decision to intensify treatment, to pursue additional diagnostic testing, and the timing of discharge. Of the respondents, 61.0% agreed that standardized assessment of dyspnea should be part of the vital signs, and 64.6% agreed that awareness of dyspnea severity influences their decision to prescribe opioids. Hospitalists who appreciated the importance of dyspnea in clinical practice were more likely to support the implementation of a standardized scale.CONCLUSIONSMost hospitalists believe that routine assessment of dyspnea severity would enhance their clinical decision making and patient care. Measurement and documentation of dyspnea severity may represent an opportunity to improve dyspnea management. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:724–730. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Outcome of small lung nodules missed on hybrid PET/MRI in patients with primary malignancy
Authors: Raad Roy A. , Friedman Kent P. , Heacock Laura , Ponzo Fabio , Melsaether Amy , Chandarana Hersh 
Published: July 2015

PurposeTo assess outcomes of lung nodules missed on simultaneous positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) compared to the reference standard PET and computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with primary malignancy.Materials and MethodsIn all, 208 patients with primary malignancy undergoing clinically indicated (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT followed by PET/MRI were independently reviewed by two readers. Upon review of the thoracic station on PET/MRI and PET/CT, 89 non‐FDG avid small lung nodules in 43 patients were detected (by reader 1) only on the CT component of the PET/CT but were not identified on PET/MRI. Overall, 84 of these 89 nodules were examined on follow‐up imaging with PET/CT or chest CT. The remaining five nodules had no follow‐up imaging but had remote imaging available for comparison.ResultsAmong the 84 nodules with follow‐up, three nodules (3%) in one patient progressed, 10 (12%) nodules partially/completely resolved, whereas 71 nodules (85%) remained stable. The five nodules without follow‐up were all stable since prior imaging of over 21 months.ConclusionThe vast majority (97%) of small non‐FDG avid lung nodules missed on PET/MRI either resolved or remained stable on follow‐up, suggestive of benignity. PET/MRI remains a viable alternative imaging modality in oncology patients, despite its low sensitivity in detecting small lung nodules. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;43:504–511.
Reliability of climate models for China through the IPCC Third to Fifth Assessment Reports
Authors: Jiang Dabang , Tian Zhiping , Lang Xianmei 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTBased on observation and reanalysis data, 77 coupled global climate models (GCMs) participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third (TAR), Fourth (AR4), and Fifth (AR5) Assessment Reports are evaluated in terms of their ability to simulate the mean state and year‐to‐year variability of surface air temperature at 2 m and precipitation over China and the climatological East Asian monsoon for the late decades of the 20th century. Results show that GCMs reliably reproduce the geographical distribution of the variables considered. Compared with observations, however, most GCMs have topography‐related cold biases (although these are smaller than those found in previous studies), excessive precipitation, an underestimated southeast–northwest precipitation gradient, an overestimated magnitude and spatial variability of the interannual variability of temperature and precipitation, and an inadequate strength of the East Asian monsoon circulation. Pairwise comparison reveals that GCMs continue to improve from the TAR via the AR4 to the AR5 for temperature, but have little change for precipitation and the East Asian monsoon. The ability of GCMs varies with season and is affected to certain degree by their horizontal resolutions. Both the arithmetic mean and the median of multiple GCMs are little affected by filtering GCMs in terms of their ability, and the multi‐model mean outperforms most of individual GCMs in every respect.
An estimate of anthropogenic heat emissions in China
Authors: Lu Yan , Wang Qin'geng , Zhang Yanyan , Sun Ping , Qian Yu 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTAnthropogenic heat emissions (AHEs) are a contributor to global climate change and may affect the climate and air quality in many ways. To gain a complete picture of AHEs in mainland China and to lay the groundwork for modelling of regional climate and the environment, AHEs from energy consumption and human metabolism were estimated, and an inventory was established with gridded distributions and profiles of temporal variations. This was based on the top–down inventory approach by using officially published statistical data. Results indicated that total AHE of the mainland was 1.2 × 1020 J·a−1, of which industry, transportation, buildings and human metabolism contributed 73.0, 11.6, 10.6 and 4.8%, respectively. Coal and electricity accounted for approximately 74% of the total emissions from energy consumption. The annual average heat flux of the mainland was 0.4 W·m−2, with a sharp difference between the eastern and western regions. Fluxes in the eastern regions were mostly between 0.5 and 20 W·m−2, and they were between 0 and 0.05 W·m−2 in the western regions. In urban or built‐up areas of typical cities, the heat fluxes may be much higher than the average for larger areas, typically ranging from 20 to 100 W·m−2. Region‐specific profiles of temporal variations will improve the inventory in the future, which can be applied to climatic and environmental models to obtain in‐depth knowledge of the effects of AHEs.