bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes following splenectomy in patients with myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Rialon Kristy L. , Speicher Paul J. , Ceppa Eugene P. , Rendell Victoria R. , Vaslef Steven N. , Beaven Anne , Tyler Douglas S. , Blazer Dan G. 
Published: December 2014

Background and ObjectivesMyeloid neoplasms are classified into five major categories. These patients may develop splenomegaly and require splenectomy to alleviate mechanical symptoms, to ameliorate transfusion‐dependent cytopenias, or to enhance stem cell transplantation. The objective of this study was to determine which clinical variables significantly impacted morbidity, mortality, and survival in patients with myeloid neoplasms undergoing splenectomy, and to determine if operative outcomes have improved over time.MethodsThe records of all patients with myeloid neoplasms undergoing splenectomy from 1993 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsEighty‐nine patients (n = 89) underwent splenectomy for myeloid neoplasms. Over half of patients who had symptoms preoperatively had resolution of their symptoms post‐splenectomy. The morbidity rate was 38%, with the most common complications being bleeding (14%) or infection (20%). Thirty‐day mortality rate was 18% and median survival after splenectomy was 278 days. Decreased survival was associated with a diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm, anemia, abnormal white blood cell count, and hypoalbuminemia. Patients who underwent stem cell transplantation did not show an increased risk for morbidity or mortality.ConclusionsPatients with myeloid neoplasms have a poor prognosis after splenectomy and the decision to operate is a difficult one, associated with high morbidity and mortality. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:389–395. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vivo molecular mapping of the tumor microenvironment in an azoxymethane‐treated mouse model of colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Leung Sarah J. , Rice Photini S. , Barton Jennifer K. 
Published: December 2014

Background and ObjectiveDevelopment of miniaturized imaging systems with molecular probes enables examination of molecular changes leading to initiation and progression of colorectal cancer in an azoxymethane (AOM)‐induced mouse model of the disease. Through improved and novel studies of animal disease models, more effective diagnostic and treatment strategies may be developed for clinical translation. We introduce use of a miniaturized multimodal endoscope with lavage‐delivered fluorescent probes to examine dynamic microenvironment changes in an AOM‐treated mouse model.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe endoscope is equipped with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser induced fluorescence (LIF) imaging modalities. It is used with Cy5.5‐conjugated antibodies to create time‐resolved molecular maps of colon carcinogenesis. We monitored in vivo changes in molecular expression over a five month period for four biomarkers: epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), transferrin receptor (TfR), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1), and chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) receptor 2 (CXCR2). In vivo OCT and LIF images were compared over multiple time points to correlate increases in biomarker expression with adenoma development.ResultsThis system is uniquely capable of tracking in vivo changes in molecular expression over time. Increased expression of the biomarker panel corresponded to sites of disease and offered predictive utility in highlighting sites of disease prior to detectable structural changes. Biomarker expression also tended to increase with higher tumor burden and growth rate in the colon.ConclusionWe can use miniaturized dual modality endoscopes with fluorescent probes to study the tumor microenvironment in developmental animal models of cancer and supplement findings from biopsy and tissue harvesting. Lasers Surg. Med. 47:40–49, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MINDFUL LEADERS HAVE MOXIE
Authors: Baldoni John 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe financial crash of 2008 continues to leave side effects, one being diminished confidence in leaders. Baldoni contends that today's leaders in the post‐crash world need greater levels of resilience. He borrows the 1930s‐era term “moxie” to describe this new sense of resilience. “Those who have steered their companies back to prosperity,” he writes, “did it by making tougher, wiser choices, and moving forward in hard times.” Think of moxie also as an acronym, representing mindfulness, opportunity, X‐factor, innovation, and engagement. If you lead with moxie, you will be prepared for constant change and will be a source of inspiration to others.
CREATING A PERSONAL LEADERSHIP STRATEGY
Authors: Lidow Derek 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLidow guides those who want to be considered entrepreneurial leaders, with an assertion that it is entrepreneurs who lead their enterprises to success, not just their ideas. He says they “must master five skills: self‐awareness, the basics of enterprises, relationship building, motivation, and change leadership.” The vehicle for accomplishing this is the personal leadership strategy. He details five steps: tapping into core motivations, finding objective mentors, inventorying your traits, assessing your skills, and, finally, drafting your strategy. An important feature for decision making is asking yourself what is the best and worst that could happen if you choose to do or not do a particular activity.
Motor phenotype of LRRK2‐associated Parkinson's disease: A tunisian longitudinal study
Authors: Nabli Fatma , Ben Sassi Samia , Amouri Rim , Duda John E. , Farrer Matthew J. , Hentati Fayçal 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMutations in the leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) were found to be a significant cause of late‐onset autosomal dominant forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). To determine the motor characteristics of LRRK2‐related disease, we conducted a longitudinal study of 58 G2019S LRRK2‐associated PD patients and compared them with genetically undefined (GU) PD patients. Fifty‐eight patients diagnosed with PD‐related LRRK2 G2019S mutation were included in the study and compared with 54 sporadic PD patients with negative tests for LRRK2 G2019S, PINK1, SNCA, PRKN, and DJ1 mutations. Patients were assessed at baseline and after a follow‐up period of 6 years. The Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS), the Hoehn and Yahr, and the Schwab and England scores were determined. Logistic regression was used to examine associations of G2019S mutation status with motor phenotype and rate of motor decline. The LRRK2‐associated PD patients had a mean age of onset of 56.25 ± 12.05 years and in most cases (58.6%) a postural instability gait difficulty (PIGD) phenotype. The mean annual decline in the MDS‐UDRS III motor score and the Hoehn and Yahr staging was of 1.3% and 2%, respectively. The PIGD phenotype predicted a more rapid progression of motor impairment. The PD motor phenotype and motor scores were similar in the LRRK2‐associated PD group and in the GU PD group, with no significant differences in the progression rate of motor impairment. Motor phenotype seems to be similar in LRRK2‐related PD and idiopathic PD. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Behavioral effects of levodopa
Authors: Beaulieu‐Boire Isabelle , Lang Anthony E. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn recent years, levodopa‐induced behavioral changes have received increased attention in the medical literature and in clinical practice. The spectrum of these symptoms includes non‐motor fluctuations with neuropsychiatric symptoms, compulsive behaviors such as punding, dopamine dysregulation syndrome, and impulse control disorders, psychosis and hallucinations, as well as hypomania and mania. Despite knowledge of the clinical features associated with these behaviors, many of them are probably underdiagnosed. Although the mechanisms underlying behavioral symptoms are still incompletely understood, recent data from imaging and pathological studies have increased our understanding and guided new treatment strategies. Appropriate management remains challenging, because reduction of levodopa (l‐dopa) and dopaminergic treatment is often recommended; however, doses required for control of motor symptoms may still induce behavioral changes. Newer modes of delivery of dopaminergic treatment, deep brain stimulation, and nondopaminergic agents may either provide alternatives for treatment of these behavioral problems or permit treatment of parkinsonism with less risk of these behavioral disorders. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Clinical spectrum of levodopa‐induced complications
Authors: Aquino Camila Catherine , Fox Susan H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe first years of Parkinson disease (PD) treatment are marked by good and sustained responses to dopaminergic therapy. With disease progression and longer exposure to levodopa (l‐dopa), patients develop a range of l‐dopa–induced complications that include motor and non‐motor symptoms. Motor complications include motor fluctuations, characterized by periods of reduced benefit from the medication, and l‐dopa–induced dyskinesia, characterized by emergence of hyperkinetic involuntary movements. Dyskinesia can occur at peak effect of l‐dopa, at the beginning and end of dose, or between doses. These motor complications are often associated with fluctuations in non‐motor symptoms, particularly fluctuations in neuropsychiatric, autonomic, and sensory symptoms. Recognizing such complications and understanding their relationship with the timing of l‐dopa doses is essential for adequate diagnosis and management. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Evaluation of health promotion programmes in severe mental illness: theory and practice
Authors: van Hasselt Fenneke M. , Krabbe Paul F. M. , Postma Maarten J. , Loonen Anton J. M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractHealth promotion programmes for patients with severe mental illness (HPP) are not uniformly evaluated. We discuss the evaluation of HPP in theory and practice, as a prerequisite for future uniform evaluation.We explored the expected outcome and mechanism of HPP in the current literature. Based on this theoretical exploration we selected measures assessing the expected outcome and mechanism in current practice. The individual properties of these measures were described.Based on our theoretical exploration the outcome of HPP can be expressed in several aspects of health. Health can be improved through several mechanisms. In the current evaluation of HPP only some of the expected outcomes were evaluated. The measures used for evaluation were not all representative for the constructs they should assess.Important aspects of HPP are currently not evaluated, based on a comparison between our theoretical exploration of expected outcome and mechanism and current practice. Additionally, not all measures in use are suitable for evaluation of HPP. Therefore, development and identification of suitable measures is necessary. Our framework offers valuable directions for the development of such measures and the future evaluation of HPP. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating the micro mechanics of cemented sand using DEM
Authors: de Bono John , McDowell Glenn , Wanatowski Dariusz 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThe discrete element method has been used to investigate the micro mechanics of cemented sand. High‐pressure drained triaxial tests are modelled in 3D using a flexible membrane that allows the correct deformation to develop. Simulations with up to 12 MPa confining pressure are presented, which are compared with laboratory experiments on a sand with a range of cement contents. Cementation is modelled using ‘parallel bonds’, and various parameters and strength distributions are investigated. Varying levels of cementation are successfully modelled, with the correct qualitative behaviour observed and the separate effects of cementation and confining pressures demonstrated. The triaxial behaviour is found to be highly influenced by the distribution of bond strengths. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
UV exposure modulates hemidesmosome plasticity, contributing to long‐term pigmentation in human skin
Authors: Coelho Sergio G , Valencia Julio C , Yin Lanlan , Smuda Christoph , Mahns Andre , Kolbe Ludger , Miller Sharon A , Beer Janusz Z , Zhang Guofeng , Tuma Pamela L , Hearing Vincent J 
Published: December 2014

AbstractHuman skin colour, ie pigmentation, differs widely among individuals, as do their responses to various types of ultraviolet radiation (UV) and their risks of skin cancer. In some individuals, UV‐induced pigmentation persists for months to years in a phenomenon termed long‐lasting pigmentation (LLP). It is unclear whether LLP is an indicator of potential risk for skin cancer. LLP seems to have similar features to other forms of hyperpigmentation, eg solar lentigines or age spots, which are clinical markers of photodamage and risk factors for precancerous lesions. To investigate what UV‐induced molecular changes may persist in individuals with LLP, clinical specimens from non‐sunburn‐inducing repeated UV exposures (UVA, UVB or UVA + UVB) at 4 months post‐exposure (short‐term LLP) were evaluated by microarray analysis and dataset mining. Validated targets were further evaluated in clinical specimens from six healthy individuals (three LLP+ and three LLP−) followed for more than 9 months (long‐term LLP) who initially received a single sunburn‐inducing UVA + UVB exposure. The results support a UV‐induced hyperpigmentation model in which basal keratinocytes have an impaired ability to remove melanin that leads to a compensatory mechanism by neighbouring keratinocytes with increased proliferative capacity to maintain skin homeostasis. The attenuated expression of SOX7 and other hemidesmosomal components (integrin α6β4 and plectin) leads to increased melanosome uptake by keratinocytes and points to a spatial regulation within the epidermis. The reduced density of hemidesmosomes provides supporting evidence for plasticity at the epidermal–dermal junction. Altered hemidesmosome plasticity, and the sustained nature of LLP, may be mediated by the role of SOX7 in basal keratinocytes. The long‐term sustained subtle changes detected are modest, but sufficient to create dramatic visual differences in skin colour. These results suggest that the hyperpigmentation phenomenon leading to increased interdigitation develops in order to maintain normal skin homeostasis in individuals with LLP. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Women's uptake of non‐invasive DNA testing following a high‐risk screening test for trisomy 21 within a publicly funded healthcare system: findings from a retrospective review
Authors: Chan Yiu Man , Leung Wing Cheong , Chan Wan Pang , Leung Tak Yeung , Cheng Yvonne Kwun Yue , Sahota Daljit Singh 
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the uptake of non‐invasive cell‐free fetal DNA screening test (NIDT) after a high‐risk screening result for trisomy 21MethodsAssociation between maternal and pregnancy characteristics on women's test choice was assessed after adjusting for confounding factors in Hong Kong Chinese women who had a high‐risk (term risk ≥1:250) first‐trimester or second‐trimester screening test at three public hospitals. Main outcome measures were rate of declining further testing and obstetric and maternal factors impacting on patient's selection of testing options.ResultsCompared with the pre‐NIDT period, the availability of NIDT resulted in a 45% (P < 0.001) reduction in the rate of refusal for further testing and a decrease from 92.2% to 66.7% in the use of invasive diagnostic test after a positive screening test. Nulliparous women with a spontaneous [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63–2.92] or assisted reproduction pregnancy (aOR = 3.95, 95% CI 1.6–9.32) were more likely to choose NIDT. Women with an adjusted risk of ‘>1:10’ (aOR = 7.36, 95% CI 4.22–12.8) and ‘1:10 to 1:50’ (aOR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.01–2.32) were more likely to opt for chorionic villi sampling or amniocentesis.ConclusionsNIDT reduced the refusal rate. Uptake of NIDT was highest in pregnancies of nulliparous women. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hearing loss and type 2 diabetes: is there a link?
Authors: Morrison CL , Morar P , Morrison G , Purewal TS , Weston PJ 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRecent meta‐analysis has confirmed an association between hearing loss and diabetes. The cause remains uncertain and open to academic debate.This five‐year retrospective study examined the outcomes of patients referred for audiological investigations from a large primary care diabetes clinic. Audiological assessment included pure‐tone audiometry, and the presence of neuropathy was identified by foot examination and risk stratification.Referral rates of patients with diabetes were nearly twice those seen in the non‐diabetic population (7.5% [107/1428] vs 4% [499/12422]). Hearing loss was identified in 77 patients. The majority (84.1%) had high‐frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Loss of protective sensation on the 10 g monofilament test (OR 3.2, CI 1.6–6.5) and vibration sense (OR 2.6, CI 1.2–5.6) was significantly higher in the hearing loss group when compared with a group with type 2 diabetes and normal hearing (n = 219). The hearing loss group had almost twice the rate of at‐risk feet (37.7% vs 20.1%); (OR 2.4, CI 1.4–4.2). Pre‐existing cardiovascular disease was the only pre‐morbid condition that was associated with hearing loss (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–3.2). There were no differences in HbA1c and lipids.This is the first study from primary care to show that hearing loss is prevalent and has a strong association with peripheral neuropathy.There are no effective strategies yet identified that can prevent or reverse diabetes‐related hearing loss. Clinicians should recognise the association between diabetes and hearing loss, and engage in preventative health education and hearing conservation strategies. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview of complementary and alternative medicine and diabetes
Authors: Dunning Trisha 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPeople with diabetes frequently use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and other non‐medicine CAM therapies, often combine various CAMs, and combine CAMs with conventional care. They use CAM for a range of reasons, not necessarily to manage blood glucose. The evidence base for CAM is improving, but there is still a lack of quality evidence for many CAMs, and the combination of CAMs and conventional care. CAMs have both risks and benefits: some CAMs, like some conventional treatments, are higher risk than others.Conventional practitioners should ask about CAM use in a non‐judgemental way, document it and monitor the outcomes according to the individual's reason for using it. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative luminescence mapping of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 thin‐film solar cells
Authors: Delamarre Amaury , Paire Myriam , Guillemoles Jean‐François , Lombez Laurent 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe investigate photoluminescence and electroluminescence (PL and EL) emission images from Cu(In,Ga)Se2‐based solar cells by means of a Hyperspectral Imager. Using the generalized Planck's law, maps of the effective quasi‐Fermi level splitting Δμeff in absolute values are obtained. A good agreement is found between the spatially averaged splitting in PL and the global open‐circuit voltage. However, from a local carrier transport discussion, we conclude that the equality does not hold locally. The spatial variations are rather attributed to local depth variations of the quasi‐Fermi level splitting due to material properties spatial fluctuations. By comparing PL and EL emissions, we discuss qualitatively the local effective lifetimes and collection efficiencies. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A randomised controlled trial of a couples‐based sexuality intervention for men with localised prostate cancer and their female partners
Authors: Chambers Suzanne K. , Occhipinti Stefano , Schover Leslie , Nielsen Lisa , Zajdlewicz Leah , Clutton Samantha , Halford Kim , Gardiner Robert A. , Dunn Jeff 
Published: December 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer is followed by substantive sexual morbidity. The optimal approach for intervening remains unclear.Methods/designA three‐arm randomised control trial was undertaken with 189 heterosexual couples where the man had been diagnosed with prostate cancer and treated surgically. The efficacy of peer‐delivered telephone support versus nurse‐delivered telephone counselling versus usual care in improving both men's and women's sexual adjustment was investigated. Assessments were undertaken at baseline (pre‐test) with follow‐up at 3, 6 and 12 months.ResultsAt 12 months, men in the peer (p = 0.016) and nurse intervention (p = 0.008) were more likely to use medical treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) than men in the usual care arm. Men in the nurse intervention more frequently used oral medication for ED than men in usual care (p = 0.002). No significant effects were found for sexual function, sexuality needs, sexual self‐confidence, masculine self‐esteem, marital satisfaction or intimacy.ConclusionAlthough peer and nurse couples‐based interventions can increase use of medical treatments for ED, this may not translate into better sexual or relationship outcomes. More research is needed into the optimal timing of interventions to improve sexual outcomes for men with prostate cancer and to identify the subpopulations that will benefit from them. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of the lung flute for sputum induction in children with cystic fibrosis: A pilot study
Authors: Doumit Michael , Jaffé Adam 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Lung Flute in obtaining a sputum sample from children with cystic fibrosis (CF) that were not productive of sputum with coughing alone. Children attending an outpatient CF clinic who were not able to provide a sample with coughing alone were eligible. Each child used the Lung Flute on two occasions at least one month apart. The primary outcome was expectoration of a sputum sample. Secondary outcomes were sputum microbiology, time taken for the procedure, and ease of use of the device as assessed by the patient using a visual analogue scale (VAS), with 0/10 representing very easy and 10/10 representing very hard. Twenty‐five children participated (15 males, mean age 12.7 range 6.5–17.9). Overall, a sputum sample was obtained on 26/50 (52%) uses of the device. In children that presented with a moist cough, a sample was obtained on 17/17 (100%) occasions, compared to 9/33 (27%) occasions when a child presented with a dry cough. A positive culture result for at least one known CF pathogen was found in 24/26 samples. Culture results from obtained samples resulted in management changes in 12 cases. Mean time taken to obtain a sample was 9.8 min (SD 2.2). Mean ease of use on the VAS was 1.5 (SD 1.6). Conclusion: The lung flute appears to be a clinically useful and easy device for sputum induction in children with CF. Further research comparing its effectiveness to other sputum induction methods is warranted. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:340–343. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.