bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pragmatics and semantics of the bare partitive genitive in Ancient Greek
Authors: Seržant Ilja A. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The present paper aims to investigate the main semantic-functional and discursive properties of partitives on the bases of the bare (independent) partitive genitive in Ancient Greek. Contrary to previous views that the bare partitive genitive (b-PG) primarily encodes the part-of-relation I claim that this meaning of the b-PG has been lost in Ancient Greek. Instead, I claim that the b-PG encodes undetermined instantiations of a set descriptive and restrictive in nature and compatible with kind- or subkind-referring NPs/DPs. It allows the speaker to make no commitment as to the quantity, referentiality and semantic role of these instantiation(s); this/these instantiation(s) have inherently narrow scope (e.g. with negation). These semantic properties determine the discursive function of the b-PG. I claim that the b-PG detracts the focus of attention from the actual participant and links it to the descriptive set or kind/subkind this participant belongs to; the actual participant is extremely backgrounded and its reference is never stored in the discourse model. The b-PG allows the speaker to zoom out from the actual participant and view it schematically in terms of one of its hypercategories (subkind, kind, characterizing/descriptive set). This function of the b-PG explains its frequent occurrence with the verbs of consumption or desire. It explains, furthermore, its use in the predicative position and in headings. As to the diachronic perspective, it is claimed that the foregroundedness of the respective hypercategory and extreme backgroundedness of the subset indicate that the b-PG develops semantically towards pseudo-partitivity.
Replication of analytic case marking: the example of Romani prepositions
Authors: Sechidou Irene 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article examines internal and external changes in the analytic expression of local relations in Early Romani. It focuses on the external influence of late Medieval Greek on Early Romani and describes how pattern replication led to the formation of complex PPs for the locative and ablative cases (cf. MATRAS & SAKEL 2007). Definiteness contributes to synthetic case stability in Romani. Representative data from all Romani dialect groups, on the other hand, show that definiteness facilitated the formation and development of Romani PPs, which is a contact-induced change towards analyticity. I investigate how the formal and pragmatic features of the Greek definite article affect the replication of analytic case marking.
Number in Sorbian with special reference to the dual
Authors: Gvozdanović Jadranka 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The first part of the paper discusses the interaction of number with gender, animacy, virility and case in Upper and Lower Sorbian as compared with the other Slavic languages. Different rankings of these features are found across Slavic and relative pertinence of the dual number is examined in relation to the rankings of nominal categories. The result of this comparison shows that dual preservation vs. loss cannot be accounted for in terms of these rankings in a straightforward way. The second part of the paper examines semantic and pragmatic properties of dual constructions in Upper Sorbian, which is in the process of losing the dual, in order to establish the conditioning factors of dual preservation vs. loss. It is shown that – apart from bound uses triggered by ‘two’ or ‘both’ – relative resistance to dual loss in Sorbian can be observed in distributive uses which distinguish two-member sets from any other kind of set.
Moroccan Arabic in its wider linguistic and social contexts
Authors: Maas Utz , Procházka Stephan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article deals with the linguistic setting of Moroccan Arabic and its varieties. Besides information on the social and historical background, it outlines the most salient typological features of Moroccan Arabic and contrasts them with Moroccan Berber. This article also describes typical features of Moroccan Arabic in the light of other varieties of Arabic.
One ᵲ
a – many meanings. Syntax, semantics and prosody of the Moroccan modal particle ᵲa and its Egyptian Arabic counterparts
Authors: El Zarka Dina 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a study of certain modal particles in Moroccan and Egyptian Arabic that can be classified as enunciatives as suggested by MAAS (same volume). It is argued that these particles fulfil the double function of signifying modality and marking information structure at the same time.
It has long been noted that other types of discourse particles (even, also, only) also associate with focus (JACOBS 1983; inter alia). The case of Arabic shows that modal particles also show a high degree of focus sensitivity, as their modal functions (announcing, exclaiming, objecting etc.) are intrinsically tied to focus.
The semantics of Moroccan Arabic dar ‘do’ in typological perspective
Authors: Schultze-Berndt Eva , El Zarka Dina 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper is a case study in the exploration of the semantic range of single a high-frequency lexical item on the basis of a corpus of spoken language, in this case Moroccan Arabic. Generalised action verbs (‘do’ verbs) are an interesting object of study because cross-linguistically, they can exhibit a wide range of functions including that of causative verb, verb of creation, verb in agentive collocations, verbaliser with loan words and mimetic expressions, quotative verb, and even a copula-like use with property predicates (Schultze-Berndt 2008). Against this typological background, the range of functions of Moroccan Arabic dar ‘do’ is investigated.
Hydrozoa, La Ciotat and nearby areas, Mediterranean coast of France
Authors: Galea Horia R. 
Published: May 2015

The shallow-water hydrozoan fauna of La Ciotat and nearby areas, Mediterranean coast of France, was surveyed over a period of 6 years; 41 species, belonging to 10 families of Athecata and 13 families of Thecata were identified.
Descripción de escenarios para la comercialización del servicio de energía eléctrica en el sector residencial de Colombia en un entorno de desregulación completa
Authors: Higuita Álvarez Nidia Estella , Cadavid Juliana Echeverri , Montoya Restrepo Iván 
Published: May 2015

En Colombia, el mercado de comercialización de la energía eléctrica se ha desregulado paulatinamente. Esta tendencia, llevará a considerar a los usuarios residenciales como no regulados. Este trabajo analiza, mediante la construcción de escenarios, el impacto que tendría la desregulación total, en la comercialización del servicio para usuarios residenciales. Se concluye que el escenario más favorable, tanto para empresas como para usuarios, contempla empresas de capital mixto, conservación de subsidios y la no entrada de nuevos competidores. Este escenario es el más favorable, y a la vez uno de los más factibles.
Gas-Containing Paralabral Ganglion Cyst of the Shoulder
Authors: Sakamoto Yoshihiro , Kido Akira , Inoue Kazuya , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: May 2015

Case:
A thirty-three-year-old woman presented with right shoulder pain and moderate atrophy of the infraspinatus muscle, with grade-4 (of 5) external rotation strength. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a gas-containing ganglion cyst. Surgical excision and arthroscopic evaluation were performed. The extra-articular arthroscopic view of the ganglion showed bubbles within the mucous material. One year after surgery, she had pain-free, normal range of motion and normal strength of the affected shoulder.

Conclusion:
We report a rare case of a gas-containing ganglion cyst that originated in the posterosuperior glenohumeral capsule and caused entrapment of the suprascapular nerve.
A Model for Wettability Alteration in Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Andersen Pål Østebø , Evje Steinar , Kleppe Hans , Skjæveland Svein Magne 
Published: May 2015

Summary
We present a mathematical model for wettability alteration (WA) in fractured reservoirs. Flow in the reservoir is modeled by looking at a single fracture surrounded by matrix on both sides. Water is injected into the formation with a chemical component that enters the matrix and adsorbs onto the rock surface. These changes of the mineral surface are assumed to alter the wettability toward a more water-wet state, which leads to enhanced recovery by spontaneous imbibition. This can be viewed as a representation of “smart water” injection in which the ionic composition of injection brine affects recovery. The WA is described by shifting curves for relative permeability and capillary pressure from curves representing preferentially oil-wet (POW) conditions toward curves representing more-water-wet conditions. The numerical code was successfully compared with ECLIPSE for the specific case in which a fixed wetting state is assumed. Also, the relevance of the WA model was illustrated by modeling a spontaneous-imbibition experiment in which only a modification of the brine composition led to a change in oil recovery. The model can predict sensitivity to matrix properties such as wettability, permeability, and fracture spacing and to external parameters such as schedule of brine compositions and injection rate. Our model illustrates that one cannot use conventional reservoir modeling to capture accurately the behavior we observe. The rate of recovery and the level of recovery have a strong dependency on the component chemistry and its distribution. A significant feature of gradual WA by injecting a component is that the rate of fluid transfer is maintained between matrix and fracture. The resulting recovery profile after water breakthrough can behave close to linear as opposed to the square-root-of-time profile that is observed when the wetting state is fixed (Rangel-German and Kovscek 2002). The water will typically break through early as dictated by the initial POW state, but a higher final recovery will be obtained because higher saturations can imbibe. Improved understanding of the coupling between WA controlled by water/rock chemistry and fracture/matrix flow is highly relevant for gaining more insight into recovery from naturally fractured reservoirs.
Both Low and High 24-Hour Diastolic Blood Pressure Are Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance in Type 2 Diabetes: The Maastricht Study
Authors: Spauwen Peggy J.J. , van Boxtel Martin P.J. , Verhey Frans R.J. , Köhler Sebastian , Sep Simone J.S. , Koster Annemarie , Dagnelie Pieter C. , Henry Ronald M.A. , Schaper Nicolaas C. , van der Kallen Carla J.H. , Schram Miranda T. , Kroon Abraham A. , Stehouwer Coen D.A. 
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE
Hypertension and diabetes are both risk factors for cognitive decline, and individuals with both might have an especially high risk. We therefore examined linear and nonlinear (quadratic) associations of 24-h blood pressure (BP) with cognitive performance in participants with and without type 2 diabetes. We also tested the association of nocturnal dipping status with cognitive performance.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This study was performed as part of the Maastricht Study, an ongoing population-based cohort study. Cross-sectional associations of 24-h BP (n = 713, of whom 201 had type 2 diabetes) and nocturnal dipping status (n = 686, of whom 196 had type 2 diabetes) with performance on tests for global cognitive functioning, information processing speed, verbal memory (immediate and delayed word recall), and response inhibition were tested using linear regression analysis and adjusted for demographics, vascular risk factors, cardiovascular disease, depression, and lipid-modifying and antihypertensive medication use.

RESULTS
After full adjustment, we found quadratic (inverted U-shaped) associations of 24-h diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with information processing speed (b for quadratic term = −0.0267, P &lt; 0.01) and memory (immediate word recall: b = −0.0180, P &lt; 0.05; delayed word recall: b = −0.0076, P &lt; 0.01) in participants with diabetes, but not in those without. No clear pattern was found for dipping status.

CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that both low and high 24-h DBP are associated with poorer performance on tests of information processing speed and memory in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Definition of Flat Poset and Existence Theorems for Recursive Call
Authors: Ishida Kazuhisa , Shidama Yasunari , Grabowski Adam 
Published: May 2015

Summary
This text includes the definition and basic notions of product of posets, chain-complete and flat posets, flattening operation, and the existence theorems of recursive call using the flattening operator. First part of the article, devoted to product and flat posets has a purely mathematical quality. Definition 3 allows to construct a flat poset from arbitrary non-empty set [12] in order to provide formal apparatus which eanbles to work with recursive calls within the Mizar langauge. To achieve this we extensively use technical Mizar functors like BaseFunc or RecFunc. The remaining part builds the background for information engineering approach for lists, namely recursive call for posets [21].We formalized some facts from Chapter 8 of this book as an introduction to the next two sections where we concentrate on binary product of posets rather than on a more general case.
QUESTIONS IN LATVIAN AND POLISH PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Chojnicka Joanna 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article examines the use and functions of questions in Latvian and Polish parliamentary debates from the perspective of comparative pragmatics. The research is based on a corpus of 200 utterances excerpted from transcripts of Latvian and Polish parliaments’ sittings from 2009. It uses the typology of questions in interaction developed by ILIE (1999). The paper suggests that differences in the frequency and functions of questions reflect different degrees of interactionality of a debate, which is a genre that combines monologic and dialogic features. On this basis, the discourse of Polish parliamentary debates is recognized as more interactional than its Latvian counterpart.
Religion collective et religion privée
Authors: Scheid John 
Published: May 2015

Contrairement à ce que l’on prétendait longtemps, la religion des Romains n’était pas vide depuis la fin de la République. Fondée sur le ritualisme, qui était essentiellement transmis par la tradition orale généralement complétée par la jurisprudence, cette religion sans livre révélé et autorité dogmatique régissait la vie publique et privée des individus du monde romain. Vouloir lui appliquer la notion théologique de « religiosité », née au début du XIX e s. consiste à déformer les faits et à leur appliquer de force des concepts modernes. Cette approche utilise par ailleurs des notions comme la décadence des cités après le IV e s. av. J.-C. qui ne sont plus recevables de nos jours.
Religion privée et religion publique dans l’agglomération gallo-romaine secondaire d’Entrains-sur-Nohain (Nièvre)
Authors: Meissonnier Jacques 
Published: May 2015

Entrains gallo-romain ( Intaranum ), par son importance (120 ha) et sa géologie calcaire favorable, a livré de nombreux témoignages sur la religion antique tant privée que publique. Les fouilles archéologiques qui, depuis plus de 40 ans, donnent un contexte à ces découvertes, en font un lieu d’étude privilégié de la religion gallo-romaine associant panthéon gaulois (Borvo, Épona, Grinovantis, Ucuetis), romain (Apollon, Jupiter, Mercure) et oriental (Mithra) aux divinités familiales qui demeurent anonymes. Jusqu’à présent, aucune trace véritable du culte impérial n’a été relevée à Intaranum qui n’est pas capitale de cité.
La participation des associations d’anciens élèves aux politiques d’enseignement technique. Le cas du Nord de la France sous la III e République
Authors: Lembré Stéphane 
Published: May 2015

À rebours d’une lecture de l’histoire de l’éducation centrée sur les « acteurs centraux » à l’échelle nationale, cet article utilise le cas du développement de l’enseignement technique en France pour montrer le rôle des usagers dans la conduite et la vie des institutions. Évoquée au début du xx e siècle et affirmée dans les années 1920 et 1930, la reconnaissance de la légitimité des associations d’anciens élèves se fonde sur l’adaptation nécessaire de la politique d’enseignement technique aux besoins du commerce et de l’industrie. Groupements de sociabilité, ces associations d’anciens sont aussi des groupes d’intérêt parfois puissants.
Superconvergence of bi-k Degree Time-Space Fully Discontinuous Finite Element for First-Order Hyperbolic Equations
Authors: Hu Hongling , Chen Chuanmiao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we present a superconvergence result for the bi-k degree time-space fully discontinuous finite element of first-order hyperbolic problems. Based on the element orthogonality analysis (EOA), we first obtain the optimal convergence order of discontinuous Galerkin finite element solution. Then we use orthogonality correction technique to prove a superconvergence result at right Radau points, which is higher one order than the optimal convergence rate. Finally, numerical results are presented to illustrate the theoretical analysis.
A Numerical Comparison of Finite Difference and Finite Element Methods for a Stochastic Differential Equation with Polynomial Chaos
Authors: Li Ning , Meng Bo , Feng Xinlong , Gui Dongwei 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA numerical comparison of finite difference (FD) and finite element (FE) methods for a stochastic ordinary differential equation is made. The stochastic ordinary differential equation is turned into a set of ordinary differential equations by applying polynomial chaos, and the FD and FE methods are then implemented. The resulting numerical solutions are all non-negative. When orthogonal polynomials are used for either continuous or discrete processes, numerical experiments also show that the FE method is more accurate and efficient than the FD method.
A FEM-Multigrid Scheme for Elliptic Nash-Equilibrium Multiobjective Optimal Control Problems
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Tanvir , Borzì Alfio 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA finite-element multigrid scheme for elliptic Nash-equilibrium multiobjective optimal control problems with control constraints is investigated. The multigrid computational framework implements a nonlinear multigrid strategy with collective smoothing for solving the multiobjective optimality system discretized with finite elements. Error estimates for the optimal solution and two-grid local Fourier analysis of the multigrid scheme are presented. Results of numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Potential Effects of Disturbance Types and Environmental Variability on Sagebrush-Steppe Community Dynamics
Authors: Evers Louisa B. , Miller Richard F. , Doescher Paul S. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWhile fire is widely recognized as an important factor shaping sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems, little is known about the role other natural events play in these systems. Using a state-and-transition modeling framework in conjunction with the scientific literature and data for climate (temperature, precipitation, and snow), soils (soil surveys and ecological site descriptions), and modern fire occurrence records, we explored how fire and various other natural events might shape sagebrush ecosystems in eastern Oregon, USA, and whether those events could affect fire rotation. Model results suggested other disturbance events were important in shaping all but the most productive sagebrush communities and influenced fire rotation in drier sagebrush communities. Insects and pronghorn browsing may have been as important as fire in shaping sagebrush-steppe landscapes with freezekill and snow mold locally important. Our study also demonstrated the use of climate, soils, ecological site, and fire occurrence data to derive probabilities of several natural events, providing a more objective approach to estimating reference conditions.
Fire Regime, Climate, and Vegetation in the Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Argañaraz Juan P. , Gavier Pizarro Gregorio , Zak Marcelo , Bellis Laura M. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWildfires are a primary disturbance in the Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina, with approximately 2 152 000 ha burned between 1993 and 2012. However, little is known about the spatial and temporal patterns of fires and their relationship with climate and vegetation in this area. Such information is of great value for fire risk assessment and the development of strategies for fire management. Our main objective was to analyze fire activity in four sierran ranges, assessing which weather and climate conditions were mostly related to fire activity, and which land cover types were mostly burned. We used a fire database of mid-high spatial resolution and a land cover map derived from Landsat imagery. Fire regimes were different among the different sierran ranges. The Sierras Chicas range was the most affected by fires, with the largest number of fire events, burned area, and fire frequency. Although large fires represented 3 % to 5 % of fire events, they accounted for 60 % to 86 % of total burned area in different sierran ranges. Sierras of lower elevation had a winter seasonality of fires, while sierras of higher elevation had a winter-spring or spring fire seasonality. The number of fire events was positively correlated with preceding periods that were wetter than normal, while the burned area was mainly associated with midterm weather conditions. Fires occurred mainly in grasslands and shrublands, but the area of burned forests was important, too. Our results will be useful to determine the times and conditions in which fire risk is highest, and also to identify where preventive efforts should be focused.
Mathematical modelling and estimation of seasonal variation of mosquito population: a real case study
Authors: Dhar Joydip , Chaudhary Manisha , Baghel Randhir Singh , Pandey A. C. 
Published: May 2015

A mathematical model is proposed and analyzed for the understanding of growth pattern of mosquito vector looking into its life cycle. The objective of this study is to develop a mathematical model that can fit to the real data provided by DRDE scientist for different month at different stations so that the seasonal variation in population density of mosquitoes can be reported accurately to the estimated data obtained by the proposed mathematical model. The aquatic class $(L)$ and adult stage is divided in two class, indoor population $(I)$ and outdoor population $(O)$. Here we estimated different parameters of our proposed continuous model and numerically simulation is done to compare the estimated data with the original data.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per la comarca del Baix Camp: des de la Mussara a la Febró i a Prades
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim 
Published: May 2015

Itinerari realitzat el 24 de maig de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, el recorregut de l´itinerari discorrerà íntegrament pel sistema Mediterrani (i més concretament per la seva sots-unitat més interna: per la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana). Així, discorrerà pràcticament entre la Mussara, la Febró i la població de Prades, prop d´on finalitzarà. Així doncs, la totalitat del recorregut de l´itinerari, es realitzarà per la Serralada Prelitoral Catalana, entre els afloraments dels materials paleozoics i els mesozoics que la constitueixen, per aquests indrets. Per altra banda, la totalitat del recorregut es realitzarà totalment per dintre de la comarca del Baix Camp, des la localitat de la Mussara fins arribar a la població de Prades.