bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion regulation strategies as predictors of Japanese female athletes’ abnormal eating behavior
Authors: Eriko Aiba , Kojiro Matsuda , Kosuke Mukai , Kazuto Oda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The media’s recent coverage of Japanese female athletes’ announcements that they have eating disorders and amenorrhea has provided an opening for attending to female athletes’ physical and mental health issues. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between emotion regulation strategies and abnormal eating disorders in Japanese female athletes.
Methods
Healthy female athletes (N = 140) who had never had an eating disorder completed the Abnormal Eating Behavior Scale, New Version (AEBS-NV), the Japanese version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ-J), and the Japanese version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Japanese version CERQ).
Results
The total AEBS-NV score positively correlated with “Rumination” (r = .26, p < .01), “Blaming others” (r = .32, p < .01), and “Catastrophizing” (r = .32, p < .01). In contrast, “Refocus on planning” negatively correlated with the total AEBS‒NV score (r = − .23, p < .01). We also used stepwise multiple regression analysis, with the two-factor ERQ-J and CERQ scores as independent variables and the five-factor AEBS‒NV scores as dependent variables. These results clarified the emotion regulation strategies associated with each type of abnormal eating disorder, that is, “Inappropriate diet behavior,” “Apprehension concerning food intake,” and “Binge eating.”
Conclusions
The findings suggest that emotion regulation strategies can increase and/or decrease each type of abnormal eating disorder and help prevent female athletes’ eating disorders. Future research should consider sport type as a variable and further investigate its relationships with emotion regulation strategies, abnormal eating behaviors, and self-evaluation of body shape.
Phenolic compounds and pectin-rich extracts recovered from peach pomace by sequential pressurized liquid extractions
Authors: Rudke Carla Roana Monteiro , Rudke Adenilson Renato , Germano Amanda Tavares , Vitali Luciano , Zielinski Acácio Antônio Ferreira , Ferreira Sandra Regina Salvador 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Peach pomace is a by-product from the peach industrial processing, rich in high-value bioactive compounds and pectin. This study aimed to conduct a sequential pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) for the fractionation of peach pomace, recovering phenolics and pectin extracts. These separated fractions were evaluated, and novel functional properties were determined. The alternative high-pressure method (PLE) was compared to low-pressure sequential extractions conducted by Soxhlet (SOX) and heat-stirred extraction (HSE), as standard procedures. The results indicate that PLE at 40 °C provided highest phenolics yield (10.31 mgGAE.g-1), exhibiting antioxidant potential, by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, of 20.01, 37.57 and 155.15 µmol TE. g-1, respectively. The pectin yield was 20% by HSE, while PLE achieved maximum yield of 14%. Nevertheless, the quality of the pectin fraction indicated higher content of galacturonic acid from the PLE pectin (47 % with 31 % of degree of esterification), compared to the HSE sample (10.90 % galacturonic acid with 22.15 % degree of esterification). Besides, the functional properties of the pectin fraction show high water solubility (96.47%) without significant difference between PLE and HSE samples. The PLE-pectin exhibited low water-holding capacity (0.03 g water/g) but higher oil-holding capacity than HSE-pectin. Both samples showed good emulsification and foaming ability and stability, with a higher value for the HSE sample. The present results suggest peach pomace as a promising by-product for the recovery of phenolic-rich and pectin-rich fractions. This study introduces innovations for the peach pomace fractionation and sheds light on the techno-functional properties of the pectin-rich fraction, which have proven promising attributes for future applications in food formulations.
HSPA12A promotes c-Myc lactylation-mediated proliferation of tubular epithelial cell to facilitate renal functional recovery from kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Li Yunfan , Min Xinxu , Zhang Xiaojin , Cao Xiaofei , Kong Qiuyue , Mao Qian , Cheng Hao , Gou Liming , Li Yuehua , Li Chuanfu , Liu Li , Ding zhengnian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC) is essential to restore tubular integrity and thereby to support renal functional recovery from kidney ischemia/reperfusion (KI/R) injury. The transcriptional factor c-Myc is activated for TEC proliferation following KI/R; however, the in-depth mechanism of c-Myc activation in TEC following KI/R is incompletely known. Heat shock protein A12A (HSPA12A) is an atypic member of HSP70 family. In this study, we found that KI/R decreased HSPA12A expression in mouse kidneys and TEC, while ablation of HSPA12A in mice impaired TEC proliferation and renal functional recovery following KI/R. Gain-of-function studies demonstrated that HSPA12A promoted TEC proliferation upon hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) through directly interacting with c-Myc and enhancing its nuclear localization to increase expression of its target genes related to TEC proliferation. Notably, c-Myc was lactylated in TEC after H/R, and this lactylation was enhanced by HSPA12A overexpression. Importantly, inhibition of c-Myc lactylation attenuated the HSPA12A-induced increases of c-Myc nuclear localization, proliferation-related gene expression, and TEC proliferation. Further experiments revealed that HSPA12A promoted c-Myc lactylation via increasing lactate generation by activating the Hif1α-mediated glycolysis. The results unraveled a role of HSPA12A in promoting TEC proliferation following KI/R, and this role of HSPA12A was achieved through increasing c-Myc lactylation for its transcriptional effects. Therefore, targeting HSPA12A in TEC might be a viable strategy to promote renal functional recovery from KI/R injury in patients.
Rationally designed universal passivator for high-performance single-junction and tandem perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chen Jiangzhao , Feng Yinsu , Ding Jike , Ma Quanxing , Zhang Hong , Zhang Jiajia , Zhang Zuolin , Li Mengjia , Geng Taoran , Gao Wenhuan , Wang Yang , Zhang Boxue , pauporte Thierry , Tang Jian-Xin , Chen Hongjian , Chen Cong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Interfacial trap-assisted nonradiative recombination hampers the development of single junction and tandem perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we report a rationally designed universal passivator to realize highly efficient and stable single junction and tandem PSCs. Multiple defects are simultaneously passivated by the synergistic effect of anion and cation. Moreover, the defect healing effect is precisely modulated by carefully controlling the number of hydrogen atoms on cations and steric hindrance. Due to minimized interfacial energy loss, L-valine benzyl ester 4-toluenesulfonate (VBETS) modified inverted PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.26% (certified 25.15%) for PSC devices and 21.00% for the modules with an aperture area of 32.144 cm2. The efficiency values both are the record PCEs ever reported for the inverted PSCs using vacuum flash technology in ambition conditions. Further, by suppressing carrier recombination, the perovskite/Si tandem solar cells coupled with VBETS passivation deliver a PCE of 30.98%. This work highlights the critical role of the number of hydrogen atoms and steric hindrance in designing molecular modulator to advance the PCE and stability of PSCs.
Epigenome-wide DNA Methylation Association Study of CHIP Provides Insight into Perturbed Gene Regulation
Authors: Kirmani Sara , Huan Tianxiao , Amburg Joseph Van , Joehanes Roby , Uddin Md Mesbah , Nguyen Ngoc Quynh , Yu Bing , Brody Jennifer , Fornage Myriam , Bressler Jan , Sotoodehnia Nona , Ong David , Puddu Fabio , Floyd James , Ballantyne Christie , Psaty Bruce , Raffield Laura , Natarajan Pradeep , Conneely Karen , Carson April , Lange Leslie , Ferrier Kendra , Heard-Costa Nancy , Murabito Joanne , Bick Alexander , Levy Daniel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

With age, hematopoietic stem cells can acquire somatic mutations in leukemogenic genes that confer a proliferative advantage in a phenomenon termed “clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential” (CHIP). How these mutations confer a proliferative advantage and result in increased risk for numerous age-related diseases remains poorly understood. We conducted a multiracial meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of CHIP and its subtypes in four cohorts (N=8196) to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying CHIP and illuminate how these changes influence cardiovascular disease risk. The EWAS findings were functionally validated using human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) models of CHIP. A total of 9615 CpGs were associated with any CHIP, 5990 with DNMT3A CHIP, 5633 with TET2 CHIP, and 6078 with ASXL1 CHIP (P <1×10-7). CpGs associated with CHIP subtypes overlapped moderately, and the genome-wide DNA methylation directions of effect were opposite for TET2 and DNMT3A CHIP, consistent with their opposing effects on global DNA methylation. There was high directional concordance between the CpGs shared from the meta-EWAS and human edited CHIP HSCs. Expression quantitative trait methylation analysis further identified transcriptomic changes associated with CHIP-associated CpGs. Causal inference analyses revealed 261 CHIP-associated CpGs associated with cardiovascular traits and all-cause mortality (FDR adjusted p-value <0.05). Taken together, our study sheds light on the epigenetic changes impacted by CHIP and their associations with age-related disease outcomes. The novel genes and pathways linked to the epigenetic features of CHIP may serve as therapeutic targets for preventing or treating CHIP-mediated diseases.
A Landscape of Genetic and Cellular Hallmarks in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Luo Yonglun , Lin Lin , Araujo Isabela , Kristensen Anders , Haskó János , Madsen Mia , Keller Anna , Olsen Amalie , Zhao Xiaoying , Fang Wenyan , Jessen Niels , Farup Jean , Frøkiær Jørgen , Schiessl Ina , Nørregaard Rikke 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects >800 million individuals worldwide, while spatiotemporal inventory of CKD hallmarks is lacking. Here, we comprehensively map the landscape of 18,740 genes, 24,604 genesets, and 19 cell types in a mouse CKD model, using spatial RNA sequencing and in vivo two-photon imaging. Unsupervised transcriptome clustering identifies seven spatially distinguished clusters, which exhibit systemic transcriptome activation in CKD. Comparative pathway analysis across-kidney regions and CKD progression reveals novel genetic hallmarks, such as rapid metabolic reduction, early increase of intracellular stress, chronic inflammation, interstitial angiogenesis and fibrosis. Single-cell deconvolution analysis unravels kidney-wide cellular remodeling, including endothelial cell (EC) and proximal tubule cell loss, immune cell infiltration, and fibroblast activation. Using two-photon imaging, we luminate the progression and interaction between EC and tubule dysfunction, macrophages infiltration, and fibroblast activation in mice CKD kidneys. Furthermore, our comparative genetic analysis shed light on the CKD genetic translatability between mice and human.
Direct Oxygen Insertion into C-C Bond of Styrenes with Air
Authors: Jiao Ning , Qin Qixue , Zhang Liang , Wei Jialiang , Qiu Xu , Hao Shuanghong , An Xiao-De 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Skeletal editing of single-atom insertion to basic chemicals has been demonstrated as efficient strategy for the discovery of structurally novel compounds. Previous endeavors in skeletal editing have successfully facilitated the insertion of boron, nitrogen, and carbon atoms. Given the prevalence of oxygen atoms in biologically active molecules, the direct oxygenation of C-C bonds through single-oxygen-atom insertion like Baeyer-Villiger reaction is of particular significance. Herein, we present a novel approach for the skeletal modification of styrenes using O2 via oxygen insertion into Ar-C(sp2) σ-bond, resulting in the formation of corresponding aryl ether frameworks under mild reaction conditions. The broad functional-group tolerance and the excellent chemo- and regioselectivity were demonstrated in this protocol. A preliminary mechanistic study indicated the potential involvement of 1,2-aryl radical migration in this reaction.
Suitability assessment of planned landfill site selection using GIS and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach in Boditi city, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Balta Mathewos Muke , Gamo Kataro Galasso 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Determining the location of facility sites in an area with partial planning and a highly growing city is challenging for decision-making. It is even more difficult when assessing suitable site selection for solid wastes. This study used geospatial data to assess suitable landfill site locations to create a neat city using geospatial data for Boditi city, southern Ethiopia. Geographic information systems (GIS) and a multicriteria approach were used with a number of other criteria to help select possible locations. Biased comparisons and weighted scoring methods were used to evaluate the ten criteria used by the city to determine which site was suitable. The locations are sorted into four groups, stretching from highly suitable to unsuitable, using suitability mapping. Overall, of the 3,040 ha, 138.7 ha (4.56%) was considered highly suitable, while 2414 ha(79.41%) was considered moderatelysuitable for landfill sites. In addition, 476.21 ha (15.66%) was identified as less suitable, leaving the remaining 11.09 ha (0.37%) considered unsuitable. The study selected the best landfill site in terms of accessibility, topography, and compensation cost in addition to ten criteria that will help minimize the risk of adverse impacts on life, land, water, and air environments associated with waste disposal.
Engineering an Improved Hydroponics System
Authors: O'Quinn Alexander , Behera Sonali (Jay) , Kim Ella , Pan Mackinley 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Much of the food insecurity within the United States is due to urban “food deserts” (large cities where many residents cannot access fresh, nutritious food). Within these cities, fresh food can be expensive to the point where most residents routinely resort to consuming highly processed fast food that lacks important nutritional qualities. In researching this phenomenon, it became clear that one of the solutions to this problem that could address long transportation times, the carbon emissions associated with such transportation, and the general lack of space in cities, would be hydroponic-based systems. Such systems grow crops without soil in compact, urban environments using artificial lighting. In order to test the effectiveness and efficiency of hydroponics-based systems, we developed a hydroponics-based system using already available materials and then tested it to determine if hydroponics could offer a sustainable alternative. Trying to use materials common to an engineering lab so as to be easier to build and replicate findings, we focused on adding PVC parts to a wooden frame to keep it in a 4-foot by 4-foot by 3-foot area. Although the system we created did require more energy than conventional farming, the hydroponics farm was able to successfully grow lettuce plants at a rate faster than Conventional Agriculture, demonstrating the merits of large-scale hydroponics agriculture.
Mitigating the Opioid Epidemic: The Role of Cannabinoids in Chronic Pain Management—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms
Authors: Borges Julian Yin Vieira 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
As the medical community seeks alternative pain management strategies, cannabinoids have emerged as a potential option. This review discusses the role of cannabinoids in chronic pain management and their potential to be an alternative treatment in pain medicine.
Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cannabinoids in chronic pain management, explore their potential to reduce opioid use, and identify the mechanisms by which cannabinoids exert their analgesic effects. Additionally, the review seeks to highlight the clinical implications and limitations of using cannabinoids as an alternative to opioids.
Methods
A comprehensive review of existing literature was conducted, focusing on various types of studies. Data were extracted and analyzed to assess the efficacy, safety, and potential opioid-sparing effects of cannabinoids. Mechanistic insights were also explored to understand how cannabinoids modulate pain.
Results
Cannabinoids have shown efficacy in managing chronic pain, with evidence indicating their ability to reduce pain and improve quality of life. Studies suggest that cannabinoids can provide significant analgesic effects, although there is variability in efficacy across trials. Findings also show that Cannabinoids modulate pain through the endocannabinoid system, which plays a crucial role in pain perception and inflammation.
Limitations:
The variability in efficacy across studies suggests a need for standardized formulations and dosing regimens. Long-term effects of cannabinoid use are not fully understood, necessitating further research. More high-quality trials are needed to confirm findings and address potential biases.
Conclusion:
Cannabinoids offer a promising alternative for chronic pain management, with the potential to mitigate the opioid epidemic. Integrating cannabinoids into clinical practice, guided by evidence-based protocols, can provide a safer and effective approach to chronic pain management.
Growing Indica and Aus Type Rice till Maturity in Hydroponics under N-Optimum and N-Stressed Condition: A Detailed Account
Authors: Poudel Ankur , Saini Manish Ranjan , Phogat Sachin , Roy Jeet , Chauhan Harsh , Madhavan Jayanthi , Sevanthi Amitha Mithra , Mandal Pranab Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The optimal utilization of nitrogenous fertilizer in agriculture is essential for reducing nitrogen (N) induced pollution and minimizing production costs. While studies have been conducted on the performance of rice genotypes under N-stresses, there remains a lack of detailed protocols for screening them during both seedling and maturity stages without absolute control of N, which is conveniently possible in hydroponics. Here we report a detailed protocol for growing of rice plants till maturity under N-stress (as well as N-optimum condition) in the hydroponics system. This protocol provides comprehensive details on requirements, experimental setup, media, growing conditions, parameters to be observed, and management practices for the hydroponics system and troubleshooting. Apart from the growing condition, we also detail the procedures for recording the observations during the growth phase of the plants. Two contrasting rice genotypes for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), IR64 (Indica rice) and Nagina 22 (Aus type rice), were grown under optimum as well as N-stressed condition till the complete maturity of the plants for validation of this protocol. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two genotypes were observed on various parameters including the morphological parameters and N uptake, from seedling to maturity stages. We also observed the effect of aeration in the hydroponics system for rice and found that non-aerated conditions were preferable. This comprehensive protocol offers an efficient, easy, low-cost, and low-maintenance system for hydroponic studies under N stress conditions, enabling precise phenotyping and non-destructive examination of roots.
From Data to Decisions: Portfolio Topology Optimization Framework Case study: Automotive Industry
Authors: faridnia rashid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Portfolio management in the automotive industry plays a crucial role in optimizing resource allocation, risk management, and financial performance. This article presents an integrated optimization framework that combines the Markowitz model, multi-discipline optimization, and deep learning techniques to enhance portfolio decision-making in the automotive sector. By leveraging advanced analytics and artificial intelligence, companies can develop data-driven strategies to maximize returns, minimize risks, and achieve competitive advantage. A comprehensive methodology for implementing the integrated optimization framework in Python is provided, including data preprocessing, model development, performance analysis, and practical implementation. Empirical results using a real-world dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in improving portfolio management practices in the automotive industry.
Improving Multimodal Reasoning in Large Language Models via Federated Example Selection
Authors: Fawcett Beatrice , Ashworth Felix , Dunbar Harriet 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Large language models have experienced a significant transformation with the advent of powerful models capable of generating, translating, and summarizing text. However, effectively integrating and reasoning with multimodal data, which includes text, images, and audio, continues to pose a formidable challenge. The novel concept of federated example selection, as proposed in this paper, is significant because it addresses critical issues of data privacy, diversity, and representation, thus enhancing multimodal reasoning capabilities in AI models. By modifying the open-source LLM, Llama, with a federated example selection algorithm, this research demonstrates substantial improvements in model performance across various tasks. The methodology involves a comprehensive approach that includes secure data collection, algorithm design, and iterative model refinement, all within a federated learning framework. The experimental results indicate notable advancements in accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, outperforming state-of-the-art models and showcasing the algorithm's efficacy. Additionally, scalability analysis confirms the algorithm's ability to handle large-scale datasets efficiently, while ablation studies highlight the importance of each algorithmic component. The findings suggest that the proposed methodology not only enhances the integration of diverse data types but also paves the way for future developments in multimodal AI, demonstrating the transformative potential of federated learning approaches.
Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange and methyl violet dyes by UV/Cu2+/PDS process
Authors: Ali Adnan , Khan Qaiser , Rehman Faiza , Gul Ikhtiar , Gohar Faryal , Zohaib Muhammad , Sayed Murtaza 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

This research is focused on the application of the UV/Cu2+/peroxydisulfate (PDS) system for the successful decolorization of methyl orange (MO) and methyl violet (MV) dyes in aqueous media. The effects of different parameters such as the equilibrium time, initial catalyst amount, PDS concentration and pH of the media in terms of MO and MV degradation were studied. Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance of the UV/Cu2+/PDS system was also investigated by performing the degradation of MO and MV in different water systems including distilled water, synthetic wastewater and industrial wastewater samples. The results revealed 94 and 89% degradation for MO and MV dyes in the UV/Cu2+/PDS system, respectively. The radical quenching experiments showed sulfate radicals (SO4·-) as the prominent species involved in the degradation of MO and MV dyes. Overall, it was concluded that the UV/Cu2+/PDS process has the ability to be adopted for the effective elimination of contaminants from the aquatic system.