bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Work Status on Quality of Life in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease During the First Year of Hemodialysis
Authors: Bodessova S. , Sagandykova N. , Danebek K. , Sultanova B. , Baurzhan M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction. Compared with the general population, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have impaired health-related quality of life due to the combined effects of disease and hemodialysis therapy. As a result, poor quality of life increases the risk of mortality and hospitalization and affects general well-being. Although existing rehabilitation programs aim to improve physical activity in hemodialysis patients, the impact of work status, particularly within the first year of treatment, on quality of life (QoL) remains unclear. This study investigated and compared the QoL of working and nonworking patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during their first year on hemodialysis, focusing on two subscales of the SF-36. Materials and methods. The study involved 120 patients with ESRD at the hemodialysis center during their first year of hemodialysis. There were two groups: sixty working patients and sixty nonworking patients. Patients were administered the SF-36 survey to determine their physical and mental health status. Results. It was found that working status was significantly associated with improved quality of life for working patients who reported lower physical function but significantly greater mental health scores (p = 0.009) than for nonworking participants. Conclusion. This study revealed that working ESRD patients who were undergoing hemodialysis during their first year reported better physical and mental health than nonworking patients. These findings suggest that light work during hemodialysis may have a positive impact on patients' quality of life. Further research is warranted to explore the optimal work modalities and their integration into comprehensive rehabilitation programs for ESRD patients.
Clinical &amp; Socio-demographic profile of children receiving Pediatric Palliative Care in a tertiary hospital of a Metropolitan city in India
Authors: Bisen Pratima , Wade Poonam , Talwadekar Pradnya , Malik Sushma , Muckaden Mary Ann , Rathi Surbhi , Deodhar Jayita 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction/ Background: Pediatric palliative care is a holistic care of children suffering from life threatening or life limiting illnesses and encompasses care of a child’s body, mind, spirit and also involves giving support to the family. According to the Global Atlas of Palliative Care, 6% of the global need for palliative care is in children. In order to provide palliative care, one needs to identify and diagnose the conditions requiring palliative care. There has always been a confusion in identifying pediatric conditions requiring palliative care. There is a lot of inconsistency in diagnosis of such conditions particularly in pre-verbal patients. This study attempts to generate more data about the common palliative care conditions and complaints with which the children present to tertiary care hospitals.
Objectives: To study the socio-demographic details, clinical profile, CCC (complex chronic conditions) designation and the ACT/ RCPCH (Association for Children with Life-threatening or Terminal Conditions and the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health) classification of children suffering from chronic conditions requiring palliative care.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted as a single centre retrospective observational study of pediatric patients enrolled for palliative care at a tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city in India from 01.06.2021 to 31.06.2022. The total sample size was 400. The socio-demographic data and the clinical profile was recorded from the case records of all the 400 patients. Classification of the conditions was done as per the CCC as well as the ACT/ RCPCH classification system.
Results: Mean age in our study was 5.15 years and there was slighter male (59.5%) preponderance. They presented in OPD’s with acute symptoms such as fatigue and fever & they had other symptoms like tightness of body, constipation, seizures and difficulty in swallowing. Majority of the children (55%) were suffering from neurologic and neuromuscular conditions as per CCC followed by hematologic and immunologic conditions (10%). Category 4 (Irreversible but non- progressive conditions causing severe disability, leading to susceptibility to health) was reported as most common category according to the ACT/RCPCH.
Conclusion: Childrensuffering from chronic disease conditions requiring palliative care usually suffer from multiple symptoms which affect their daily life. As most of the patients belong to category 4 according to ACT/RCPCH which is irreversible but non-progressive life limiting condition, the course of disease is prolonged; therefore requiring comprehensive care & services for long time. It is necessary to establish more pediatric palliative care units to address the needs of such children.
Case Report: Bilateral Frontal Sinus Abscess and Mucopyocele Drainage using “Modified” Draf III
Authors: Samadian Mohammad , Mirzaei Ilia , Khoshsirat Shahrokh , Zandi Afsoon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Draf III is a surgical technique which uses endoscopic approach to access the frontal sinus, by leaving almost no skin markings and having minimal side-effects. The aim of the technique is to drain frontal sinus masses and collections. In this report we present a 16-year-old male with progressive headaches, dizziness, nausea and vomiting; whose imaging revealed left-predominant bilateral frontal sinus mucocele and abscess. An endoscopic intranasal Draf III approach was used to drain the abscess along with mucosal grafting to avoid crusting and stenosis. Additionally, two bilateral supraorbital incisions (beneath the eyebrows) were made for better access and drainage of the mucocele. The patient was then started on antibiotics and steroids and was followed-up in three sessions to evaluate healing and complications. On the third-month follow-up the patient was doing well and had no complaints. Draf III with slight modifications can be a decent endoscopic approach in managing bilateral frontal sinus abscess and mucopyocele in treatment-resistant cases, without causing any major complications
Clinical characteristics of prostate cancer patients from community or outpatient service center of PSA-based screening in China
Authors: Jiang Hesong , Mao Fei , Niu Xiaobing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To establish an effective prostate cancer (PCa) screening method for developing countries and to compare the clinical characteristics of prostate cancer patients from community and outpatient service centers screened with corresponding prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening programs in China.
Materials and Methods
We summarized the annual individual data of patients with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) prostate biopsy-confirmed PCa from PSA-based population screening methods in Huai’an, China and analyzed the PCa detection rates separately for patients screened with community service center (CSC) and outpatient service center (OSC) methods. The distributions of categorical clinical characteristics, including age, prostate volume, serum testosterone level, PSA level, degree of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), position or Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) grade of abnormal lesions, Gleason score, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade and treatment management approach, were compared between the two groups with the appropriate statistical tests.
Results
From January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, a total of 441 participants underwent prostate biopsy, including 198 men screened with the CSC method and 243 men screened with the and OSC method. Participants screened with the CSC method had lower ages, prostate volumes, and PSA parameter values, including total PSA (tPSA) level and PDA density (PSAD), than did those screened with the OSC method. Furthermore, the curative approach was more effective for PCa patients screened with the CSC method than for those screened with the OSC method, as reflected in a lower Gleason score, lower ISUP stage and earlier TNM stage.
Conclusions
The results of this study suggested that PCa patients screened with community screening methods have earlier disease stages and a better chance of receiving curative treatment than those screened with outpatient screening methods. The results of this study could serve as an important reference for gradually establishing comprehensive screening patterns and follow-up systems in China and other developing countries.
Effect of regional crosstalk between sympathetic nerves and sensory nerves on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic pain
Authors: Jiao Kai , Ma Zhangyu , Wan Qianqian , Qin Wen-pin , Qin Wen , Yan Jian-fei , Zhu Yi-na , Wang Yuzhu , Ma Yuxuan , Wan Meichen , Han Xiao-xiao , Tay Franklin , Niu Li-na 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a common disease often accompanied by pain, seriously affecting physical and mental health of patients. Abnormal innervation at the osteochondral junction has been considered as a predominant origin of arthralgia, while the specific mechanism mediating pain remains unclear. To investigate the underlying mechanism of TMJ-OA pain, an abnormal joint loading model was used to induce TMJ-OA pain. We found that during the development of TMJ-OA, the increased innervation of sympathetic nerve of subchondral bone precedes that of sensory nerves. Furthermore, these two types of nerves are spatially closely associated. Additionally, it was discovered that activation of sympathetic neural signals promotes osteoarthritic pain in mice, whereas blocking these signals effectively alleviates pain. In vitro experiments also confirmed that norepinephrine released by sympathetic neurons promotes the activation and axonal growth of sensory neurons. Moreover, we also discovered that through releasing norepinephrine, regional sympathetic nerves of subchondral bone were found to regulate growth and activation of local sensory nerves synergistically with other pain regulators. This study identified the role of regional sympathetic nerves in mediating pain in TMJ-OA. It sheds light on a new mechanism of abnormal innervation at the osteochondral junction and the regional crosstalk between peripheral nerves, providing a potential target for treating TMJ-OA pain.
Multi-Class Plant Leaf Disease Detection: A CNN-based Approach with Mobile App Integration
Authors: Foysal Md Aziz Hosen , Ahmed Foyez , Haque Md Zahurul 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Plant diseases significantly impact agricultural productivity, resulting in economic losses and food insecurity. Prompt and accurate detection is crucial for the efficient management and mitigation of plant diseases. This study investigates advanced techniques in plant disease detection, emphasizing the integration of image processing, machine learning, deep learning methods, and mobile technologies. High-resolution images of plant leaves were captured and analyzed using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect symptoms of various diseases, such as blight, mildew, and rust. This study explores 14 classes of plants and diagnoses 26 unique plant diseases. We focus on common diseases affecting various crops. The model was trained on a diverse dataset encompassing multiple crops and disease types, achieving 98.14% accuracy in disease diagnosis. Finally integrated this model into mobile apps for real-time disease diagnosis.
Flightless I as a molecular target to inhibit radiation-induced colorectal cancer metastasis.
Authors: Yusoff Amirah Alhusna Mohd , Abdullah Nurul Akmaryanti , Ahmad Tengku Ahbrizal Farizal Tengku , Ahmad Nor Ezleen Qistina , Has Nur Fariesha Md , Zakuan Noraina Muhamad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Exposure to radiation is expected to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, but sometimes cells are resistant to ionizing radiation. This condition can lead to cancer cell metastasis and recurrence. The mechanisms leading to the development of radioresistance are not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to determine the involvement of a cytoskeletal protein, Flightless I (FliI), in cancer progression and to assess the effect of radiation exposure on the role and functionality of FliI in HCT116 cells. The expression of FliI was measured in HCT116 cells, transfected with siRNA to reduce FliI activity, and validated by Western Blot. The colony formation assay revealed a significant difference in the number of cells forming colonies on FliI-silenced cells following exposure to 6 Gy radiation. Transwell migration and invasion assays shows that silencing FliI in HCT116 cells make the m less able to migrate and invade. Further investigation via a gelatin degradation assay revealed a significant reduction in the number of cells forming invadopodia in FliI-silenced HCT116 cells compared to controls. We proved the efficacy of FliI in inhibiting radiation-enhanced cancer migration and invasion, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target to enhance radiosensitization in CRC patients.
Serum PM20D1 levels is associated with nutritional status and inflammatory factors in gastric cancer patients undergoing early enteral nutrition
Authors: Jin Zhengyu , Chen Yuning 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective:
Early nutritional support holds paramount importance for postoperative gastric cancer (GC) patients. Peptidase M20 domain containing 1 (PM20D1) is a secretory enzyme associated with glucose and lipid metabolism. However, there is a dearth of clinical studies delving into the connection between PM20D1, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory factors in GC patients who have received enteral nutrition. This research aimed to investigate the serum levels of PM20D1 in GC patients following early enteral nutrition (EN) and its potential associations with lipid metabolism, nutritional markers, and inflammatory factors.
Methods
This prospective observational study enrolled 180 GC patients between May 2020 and July 2022. On the first postoperative day, all patients received enteral nutrition support, which was maintained for a duration of 5 days. Serum levels of PM20D1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured on the seventh day after surgery using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data on demographics, clinical statistics, lipid metabolism, nutritional parameters, and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were collected. Patients were followed up for 12 months, and both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were recorded.
Results
In the low PNI group, the serum levels of PM20D1, albumin (ALB), and blood lymphocytes (BL) showed significant reductions. Pearson analysis revealed a negative correlation between PM20D1 and IL-6 levels, whereas a positive correlation emerged between PM20D1 and ALB and BL levels. Furthermore, PM20D1 demonstrated potential as a biomarker for diagnosing poor nutritional status (PNI < 43) in GC patients and was a risk factor for poor nutritional status in GC patients.
Conclusion
Serum PM20D1 was remarkably declined in GC patients after early EN and was associated with poor nutritional status.
Impact of Clear Aligners on Gingivitis Incidence and Prevention Strategies in Adolescents and Adults: An Observational Study
Authors: Zhang Haiying , Bi Shuangyan , Zhang Xiaojun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the differences in gingivitis incidence among adolescents and adults using clear aligners for orthodontic correction and to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention strategies on orthodontic outcomes.
Methods: This observational study included 120 patients undergoing clear aligner orthodontic treatment from June 2018 to September 2023. Participants were divided into an adolescent group (66 cases) and an adult group (54 cases), each further split into a study group and a control group. Routine periodontal treatment and personalized oral hygiene education were provided, and the incidence of gingivitis was evaluated six months post-treatment.
Results: The incidence of gingivitis was significantly higher in the adolescent group compared to the adult group (P<0.05). Specifically, within the adolescent group, the study group exhibited a higher gingival index (GI) than the control group (P<0.05), while the difference in the adult group was not significant.
Conclusion: Adolescents using clear aligners are more prone to gingivitis compared to adults. Personalized oral hygiene education significantly reduces gingivitis incidence, particularly in adolescents.
Radiolabeled anti-PD-L1 peptide PET/CT in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Xin , Yan Shi , Li Dan , Zhu Hua , Liu Bing , Liu Shiwei , Zhao Wei , Yang Zhi , Wu Nan , Li Nan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of baseline PD-L1 targeted peptide 68Ga-NOTA-WL12 PET/CT in neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy of resectable NSCLC.
Methods:
Patients with resectable NSCLC (n = 20) enrolled­­­­­­­ in this prospective study received baseline paired 68Ga-NOTA-WL12 PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT. After 2–4 cycles of toripalimab plus nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin, surgery was performed if R0 resection was available. The major pathologic response (MPR) state of the post-operative specimen was recorded. The imaging parameters of the 68Ga-NOTA-WL12 PET/CT, 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT between the MPR and non-MPR groups and their predictive efficacy of MPR were compared.
Results:
Among 20 patients, 17patients underwent surgery, 10 achieved an MPR and 7 did not. The SUVmax and tumour-to-blood pool (TBR) of baseline 68Ga-NOTA-WL12 in the MPR group were higher than those in the non-MPR group, and the difference of TBR was statistically significant. The DSULpeak% of 18F-FDG exhibited differences between the MPR and non-MPR groups with no significance. Baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters and DD% failed to differentiate the two groups. The areas under the ROC curves of SUVmax, TBR in 68Ga-NOTA-WL12 PET/CT, DD% and DSULpeak% in 18F-FDG PET/CT were 0.76, 0.79, 0.71 and 0.80, respectively, in predicting MPR.
Conclusion:
Baseline 68Ga-NOTA-WL12 PET/CT has a potential to predict the pathological response of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with resectable NSCLC, whose efficacy is comparable to that of therapy evaluations employing baseline and follow-up CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations.
Trial registration: NCT04304066, registered 13 November 2020, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000AEI9&selectaction=Edit&uid=U000503E&ts=2&cx=-awajet
Mitochondrial function in patients affected with fibromyalgia syndrome is impaired and correlates with disease severity
Authors: Macchi Chiara , Giachi Andrea , Fichtner Isabella , Pedretti Silvia , Puttini Piercarlo Sarzi , Mitro Nico , Corsini Alberto , Ruscica Massimiliano , Gualtierotti Roberta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is a musculoskeletal syndrome characterized by chronic widespread pain that is often associated with systemic manifestations. Since mitochondria are the main source of cellular energy, we hypothesized that fibromyalgia syndrome could be linked to mitochondrial impairment. Aim was to study mitochondrial dysfunction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from 50 patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome and 10 apparently healthy controls. Although no differences in mitochondrial basal respiration were observed between patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome and healthy controls, a lower median bioenergetic health index (BHI; -22.4%, p = 0.03), a proxy of mitochondrial function, was found in patients. According to fibromyalgia severity score (FSS), a composite of widespread pain index and symptom severity scale, a lower median BHI (-18.7%) was found in patients with a FS ≥ 20 compared to those with a FSS < 20. Negative moderate correlations were found only between BHI and FSS (r= -0.36) and widespread pain index (r= -0.38). We demonstrated that patients with fibromyalgia syndrome had an impaired mitochondrial function. Additionally, we found a mild correlation between the widespread pain index and the BHI, possibly indicating that the altered mitochondrial function, in these patients, narrows musculoskeletal rather than central nervous system involvement.
Nature-based approaches: Facilitators and barriers to implementation in CAMHS
Authors: Mitchell Siobhan B. , Chapman Beth , Bonnici Hélène , Banks Hazel , Mareva Silvana , Hardwick Rebecca 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: There is growing evidence that spending time with or in nature can be beneficial for health and wellbeing. Emerging evidence suggests potential benefits for staff and service users in healthcare settings, yet little is known about how to put NBAs into practice within the CAMHS setting. The CAMHS Goes Wild project in Southwest England aimed to explore the implementation of NBAs within CAMHS, examining staff attitudes and understanding to identify potential benefits and challenges through a mixed methods study.
Methods: Sixty-four CAMHS staff attended NatureWell training. The study involved three phases of data collection: an online survey with two waves, the first wave prior to the training, and the second four months post-training, and semi-structured interviews. All participants were sampled from one NHS Trust and the study was open to both those who had attended the NatureWell training and those who had not. Data were synthesised to produce an understanding of staff attitudes towards NBAs and perceived barriers and facilitators to the implementation of this approach.
Results: Ninety-seven staff responded to the wave 1 survey and 57 responded to the wave 2 survey. Fourteen staff members were interviewed. Data synthesis generated three themes: Tension between the culture of CAMHS and NBAs (Theme 1) and the need for buy-in and governance support (Theme 2). Theme three described the potential benefits of NBAs for staff and service users in CAMHS. The first two themes are presented in this paper.
Conclusions: The implementation of NBAs in mental health service settings for CYP presents both significant challenges and opportunities. Our findings suggest multiple barriers to implementation, often in the form of organisational or cultural factors, such as the risk averse nature of the service. Our work also elucidates several potential facilitators which may address or mitigate some of these barriers. These potential enablers, such as harnessing the role of firsthand experience, warrant further exploration in the implementation of NBAs in CAMHS.