bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stephan Blowing Impact on Chemical Reactive Flow of Trihybrid Nanofluid over a Riga Plate with Bioconvection: An Applications of Cattaneo-Christov Flux model
Authors: Abbas Munawar , Elhag Ahmed Babeker , Fatima Nahid , Muhammad Taseer , Gómez-Aguilar J. F. , Ali Ali Hasan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the Stephan blowing impact on chemical reactive flow of THNF (trihybrid nanofluid) across a Riga plate with Marangoni convection and bio convection. The Riga plate consists of an electrode and magnet configuration on a plate. Around the vertical direction, the Lorentz force increases exponentially due to the fluid's electrical conductivity. The properties of the transfer of mass and heat are explained by the Cattaneo-Christov flux model. Comprising three distinct types of nanoparticles, the ternary hybrid nanofluid takes into consideration the influence of chemical reactions on its thermal conductivity. The characteristics of the ternary hybrid nanofluid model are said to be developed by combining Mgo, Ag, and Tio2 particles with water (H2O) base fluid. The governing equations are converted via similarity substitutions to convert a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations into a numerical solution by applying the RKF-45th method. In addition, gyrotactic bacteria speed up the rate of heat transfer. Results indicated that while the velocity profile of the hybrid and trihybrid nanofluid increased with an increase in the Stephan blowing parameter, the profiles of microorganisms, concentration, and temperature declined.
Contribution to predicte of PIC50 using algorithms of Deep Learning
Authors: Belaidi Ayoub , Ayachi Rachid El , Biniz Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Developing innovative drug design methods that are faster and more cost-effective is a priority. To achieve this, new processes and approaches based on artificial intelligence have been adopted for drug design and development, reducing both time and cost.
This paper focuses on the prediction of pIC50 to estimate the concentration necessary to inhibit 50% of the biological activity of a substance, mainly in pharmacological tests.
The experimental results of the present research were based on MAE, MSE, RMSE, and R2 values, which were respectively 0.02778, 0.0052, 0.0727 and 0.8989 for the LSTM model; 0.0213, 0.0050, 0.0710 and 0.9036 for the GRU architecture and 0.0241, 0.0055, 0.0742 and 0.8949 for the BILSTM-BIGRU hybrid model.
The models used demonstrated highly satisfactory performance in predicting Pic50 and facilitating the selection of candidates for developing and designing pharmaceutical compounds.
Mathematical analysis and chaos control of HBV causing hepatocellular carcinoma by taking asymptomatic and early detection measures
Authors: Junjua Moin-ud-Din , Ahmad Aqeel , Kulachi Muhammad Owais , Hincal Evren , Jan Ahmed Zubair , Kedzia Krzysztof 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

It is essential to reformulate physical phenomena of the dynamics of various diseases according to the objectives which are spread in the world wide for better understanding. Objective of this study is to examine the HB virus by early detection and its treatment by taking asymptomatic as well as vaccinated measures. For this purpose, a new mathematical model is formulated with the generated hypothesis. A new formulated system for HBV is SEVI 1 I 2 R, which is tested in a qualitative way as well as quantitative investigation to observe the real impact of its stable position. Reliable bounded findings are ensured by examining the generated system’s boundedness, positivity, existence, uniqueness, and local and global stability analysis which are crucial characteristics of epidemic models. Additionally, Lipschitz condition is employed in order to satisfy the requirement of the uniqueness including existence for the newly developed system with, fixed point theory tool. The positivity is verified using the global derivative and Lipschitz criteria to determine the rate of changes in each sub-compartment. Using Lyapunov first derivative functions, the system is examined for global stability in order to evaluate the overall effect of asymptomatic and vaccinated measures. Chaos control is also verified to see the chaotic behavior of different compartments after taking combine measures for HBV. Reliable solutions are achieved by employing the Mittag-Leffler kernel in conjunction with a fractal-fractional operator. Moreover, the actual state of the HBV outbreak as well as control after implementing the asymptomatic and vaccinated approach with continuous monitoring is determined. Simulations have been made to see the real behavior and effects of HBV with asymptomatic and vaccinated effects in the community. This kind of research will be important in determining how viruses propagate and in creating control plans based on our validated findings.
Differential Rotation of Individual Sunspots and Pores
Authors: Tlatov Andey , Tlatova Ksenia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The differential rotation of individual sunspots and pores is analyzed according to Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) observations processing in the period 01.05.2010 – 31.05.2024. To accurately track sunspots, we processed 5 images for each day. To determine the polarity of the magnetic field, we superimposed the contours of sunspots on observations of magnetic fields at the same time. This made it possible to track the movement of more than 175 thousand individual sunspots and pores. It is found that the rotation rate of individual sunspots and pores differs significantly from the differential rotation of sunspot groups. In particular, solar pores with no penumbra and a characteristic area of S ≈ 10 μhm rotate ≈ 1.7% slower than regular sunspots with penumbra. Perhaps this is due to a change in the rotation rate with depth in the convective zone, namely in the leptocline (0.95R⊙). Sunspots and pores of the leading polarity have rotation rate of ≈ 2.3% faster than trailing polarity spots. This difference is probably due to the movement of the spots when the arches of the magnetic field rise.
Multifunctional MnO2 nanorods-modified wood sponge for water remediation: Applications for heavy metal sorption and oil/water separation
Authors: Saghir Siavosh Vojdani , Goharshadi Elaheh K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of a wood sponge (WS) modified with MnO2 nanorods (MnO2/WS) from balsa natural wood, as an abundant environmental-friendly raw material, to adsorb organic solvents, oils, and heavy metal ions from water. The MnO2/WS composite exhibits an exceptionally low density of 0.014 g cm− 3 and a high porosity exceeding 97%. MnO2/WS demonstrates successful sorption-desorption cycles over 20 iterations. Zeta potential analysis reveals the negative charge (-22.31 mV) of MnO2 nanorods at pH 4.68, underscoring their affinity for adsorbing positively-charged heavy metal ions commonly found in industrial effluents. Moreover, WS exhibits exceptional mechanical robustness, enduring 1000 stress-strain cycles with high shape recovery, ensuring its durability under operational conditions. Data above proved several strengths for MnO2/WS, such as cost-effective production process, high reusability, remarkable sorption capacities for carbon tetrachloride and soybean oil at 29.56 and 17.65 times its mass, respectively, efficient performance, and the capability to produce potable water from real industrial effluents position MnO2/WS as an ideal solution for mitigating water crises.
Interpretable Attention-based Transfer Learning in Plasma Catalysis: A Study on the Role of Surface Charge
Authors: Mesbah Ali , Shao Ketong , Lele Aditya , Shi Zhiyu , Miller Victor , Ju Yiguang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Low-temperature plasma catalysis holds promise for electrification of energy-intensive chemical processes such as methane reforming and ammonia synthesis. However, fundamental understanding of plasma-catalyst interactions, essential for catalyst design and screening for plasma catalysts, remains largely limited. Recent work has demonstrated the importance of first-principles studies, including density functional theory (DFT), for elucidating the role of electro- and photo-effects such as electric field and charge in plasma catalysis. The availability of increasing amounts of DFT data in thermal catalysis presents a unique opportunity for plasma catalysis research to efficiently leverage this existing first-principles knowledge of thermal catalysis towards investigating plasma-catalyst interactions. To this end, this paper investigates interpretable transfer learning from thermal to plasma catalysis, with a focus on the role of surface charge.
Pre-trained attention-based graph neural networks (GNNs) from the Open Catalysis Project, trained using millions of thermal catalysis DFT data points, are structurally adapted to account for surface charge effects and fine-tuned using plasma catalysis DFT data of single metal atoms on Al$_2$O$_3$ support and adsorbates involved in plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis. Not only the fine-tuned attention-based GNN model provides a high test accuracy for predicting adsorption energies and atomic forces in plasma catalysis, but also shows adequate extrapolation for unseen single metal atoms in the plasma catalysis data used for the model fine-tuning. To distinguish the effects of surface charge from other dissimilarities in DFT data of thermal and plasma catalysis, a dual-model framework is presented that relies on two pre-trained GNNs, one of which is specifically tasked to capture surface charge effects using an attention mechanism that provides interpretable insights into their role. Lastly, it is demonstrated how the attention-based GNNs developed for single metal atoms can be efficiently adapted for predicting adsorption energies and atomic forces for metal clusters in plasma catalysis. This work highlights the vast potential of interpretable transfer learning from thermal catalysis to plasma catalysis to mitigate excessive computational requirements of first-principles studies in plasma catalysis, towards accelerating fundamental research in this domain.
Project Equity. Interschool programs based on Intersocial and Intercultural Competencies.
Authors: Rueda Pablo Santaolalla 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) articulated in the 2030 Agenda, the mandates for Quality Education, the diminution of disparities, and the fostering of sustainable cities and communities underscore the necessity for collective endeavors, equity, and the celebration of diversity. The discourse on quality education and equity becomes complex when diverse social communities cohabiting a common geographical space lack positive interaction or, worse, are mired in relationships of service or unsustainable coexistence. This study examines the dynamics of educational equity within public and private schools in Alicante and Playa del Carmen by analyzing interview data coded using MAXQDA and questionnaires coded using Anaconda (Python). Through a mixed-method approach, we identified key issues such as inclusion, equity, discrimination, exclusion, equality, inequality, lack of intercultural programs, and access to resources. Public schools displayed higher frequencies of discrimination (45 instances) and inequality (32 instances), whereas private schools reported greater occurrences of equity (15 instances) and a more balanced implementation of intercultural programs. These findings underscore the need for tailored educational policies that address the specific challenges of each school type. Visual representations of the interviews, including frequency tables and a code frequency coincidence matrix, highlighted the intersections and divergences between public and private schools. The heatmap further illustrated common challenges, such as exclusion and lack of access to resources, that both school types face. The study emphasizes the importance of InterProjects—collaborative educational initiatives designed to foster intercultural and intersocial competencies—as these initiatives contribute to the understanding of educational equity by providing empirical evidence of the disparities and challenges in public and private schools. The development and implementation of inclusive programs that are sensitive to the socioeconomic and cultural contexts of different schools are needed, as these programs ultimately lead to a more equitable and inclusive educational system.
Serous otitis media in children and its impact on hearing
Authors: Farraj Majed Abou , Ali Diaa Haj , AlAwa Mouhammad Nabough 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Serous otitis media (SOM) is characterized by fluid collection behind the intact eardrum without signs and symptoms of general and local infection. The disease occurs especially in infants and early childhood. The prevalence of SOM varies between 2 and 18% in different studies. otitis media-related hearing loss may result in significant speech and language delay with impaired quality of life in childhood
Research Materials and Methods
A retrospective cohort study (COHORT) was conducted On a random group of patients from April 2023 to January 2024.
A paper questionnaire was conducted based on a review of patient files in the Clinics Department at Al-Mouwasat University Hospital. Accordingly, the questionnaire was filled out and the data was reviewed under the supervision of the research supervisor.
Results
Symptoms varied among the sample members, 20of whom had exoserosis, at a rate of 28.5%.
14 (20%) had ear itching, while 24 had pain in the infected ear, at a rate of 34.2%. Adenoid enlargement was the most common disfunction that causes serous otitis media with a percentage of 70%.
Treatment for all samples diagnosed with serous otitis media was either medicinal treatment using nasal drops in addition to ear drops in the event of a serous discharge from the affected ear, surgical treatment by installing a ventilation tube, or surgical treatment of the cause of the obstruction.
Finally, 55.8% of children developed hearing loss and 44.2% did not
Conclusion
It is necessary not to neglect any child suspected of having serous otitis media, especially younger children, as the hearing ability of every child who has or has suffered from serous otitis media must be examined. It is also essential to ensure that ventilation tubes are in place during the treatment period because it is the most important means of prevention and maintaining the sense of hearing normally without being affected by the accumulation of serous fluid behind the tympanic membrane.
Relationship between peritumoral brain edema and Ki-67 antigen labelling index in intracranial meningiomas
Authors: Rahman Mantaka , Mahbub Abdullah Al , Esha Tamanna Ahmed , Nath Prof. Dr. Haradhan Deb 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The most common benign non-glial cerebral tumor in adults is a meningioma. In roughly 50–78% of instances, peripheral brain edema (PTBE) is a common observation in meningioma, while it may not be present in others. Although the Ki67 proliferation index may be able to predict the recurrence of tumors in meningioma patients, there is a lack of conclusive evidence and relationships.
Objective: To enhance evaluation, correlate the Ki67 index of meningioma patients with peritumoral cerebral edema.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 24 patients with meningioma (20 female, 4 male; mean age 39.95 ± 14.54 years). Pre-operative neuroimaging was used to evaluate all patients for the presence of cerebral edema surrounding the lesion using brain MRI and histological confirmation. An immune-histochemical staining known as the Ki-67 index was used to measure proliferative activity. The possibility of a relationship between the levels of the Ki67 index and the existence of PTBE was investigated.
Result: WHO grade I tumors were identified in approximately twenty-three (95.8%) of the patients with PTBE, mean age 39.95 with 14.54 SD and male to female ratio 5:1. Eight patients (33.3%) were classified as GR1patients, one as GR2, and the majority of patients (15/62.5%) as GR0 patients. For G1, the greatest level is represented by the mean value of the Ki-67 Index level, which is 7.00. When compared to gender, tumor location, and meningioma type (p>0.05), the PTBE grading was statistically significant when it came to the Ki-67 indices (p<0.05). Furthermore, the grading of peritumoral edema (PTBE) and the Ki-67 labelling index value exhibited a substantial positive association, as indicated by the spearman correlation test, with a significant p-value <0.05 and a coefficient value of r = 0.647.
Conclusion: Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE)-encircled meningioma had a strong correlation with Ki67 indices.
The Impact of Frontier Technology Adoption onGender Inequality: Evidence from Africa
Authors: Ofori Pamela E. , Ofori Isaac K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The surge in frontier technology adoption (FTR) in education, health, and labour markets cannot be overemphasised. Notwithstanding, rigorous empirical findings concerning their socioeconomic impacts in the Global South are hard to find. Accordingly, this study explores the impact of FTR on gender inequality in low-income, and middle- and high-income African countries. Second, this study investigates the moderating role of electricity access in the FTR-gender inequality nexus. Third, the study examines the threshold effect of electricity access in the FTR-gender inequality relationship. Compelling evidence, based on country-level data for 29 African countries from 2010-2020, reveals that FTR promotes gender equality in both low-income, and middle- and high-income African countries. However, this impact is striking in the middle- and high-income African countries. Further, the contingency analysis establishes that electricity access amplifies the effect of FTR on gender equality but only in middle- and high-income African countries. Additionally, the threshold analysis demonstrates that broadening electricity access coverage conditions FTR to further enhance gender equality. However, this positive impact eludes low-income African countries. We conclude that investments in broadening electricity access and the capacity of African countries in adopting, mastering, and adapting frontier technologies are critical for inclusive human development.
JEL Code: J16; O3; O55; Q01; O43
Frontier Technology Readiness, Democracy, and Income Inequality in Africa
Authors: Ofori Isaac K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The proliferation of frontier technologies in the Global South has increased over the past decade. Despite this development, evidence-based policy recommendations regarding their socioeconomic impacts within the context of Africa are scarce. This study addresses this gap by employing macro data from 39 African countries to investigate the impact of frontier technology adoption (FTR) on income inequality. Additionally, the study explores whether democracy serves as a moderator of FTR, influencing a more equitable income distribution. Furthermore, this study assesses the inequality impacts of FTR across various policy thresholds of democracy. Results from the dynamic system GMM estimator reveal that: (i) FTR increases income inequality, (ii) democracy, particularly electoral and participatory democracy, mitigates income inequality, and (iii) FTR reduces income inequality only at a higher threshold of democracy (0.5 or better). This leads to the conclusion that, without inclusive democracy, FTR may impede Africa's social progress agenda by widening the income disparity gap.
JEL Codes: D63; O31; O33; O55; Q01
The Paradox of Air Quality Decline Caused by Industrial Waste Gas Emissions: An Empirical Study on Economic Growth and Air Quality in Zhejiang Province
Authors: Zhou Panyilang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the paradoxical relationship between economic growth, specifically the expansion of Zhejiang Province's Gross Domestic Product of the Second Industry (GDPSI), and air quality. Despite a significant increase in Total Industrial Exhaust Emissions(TIEE),The data shows that the proportion of days with air quality at or above Level 2(PDAQ2) has not deteriorated despite the increase in TIEE. The research delves into the complex interplay of factors that influence this phenomenon, including the adoption of cleaner production technologies, stringent environmental regulations, and the commitment to ecological civilization and green development. The findings suggest that while the GDPSI has grown robustly, contributing to economic prosperity, the implementation of advanced emission control measures and environmental policies has mitigated the adverse effects on air quality. The study also highlights the role of natural environmental processes in absorbing pollutants and the importance of considering long-term data when assessing the impact of industrial emissions. The research underscores the importance of a balanced approach to sustainable development, integrating economic growth with environmental conservation. It recommends continuous monitoring of air quality, extended research for a more comprehensive understanding, and proactive strategies to address potential long-term effects of industrial activities. Public awareness and education on environmental protection are also deemed crucial for sustainable development.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Ukrainian College Students: Mediating Role of Intimate Partner Violence and Lifetime Trauma Experience
Authors: Burlaka Viktor , Shyrokonis Yuliya , Burlaka Julia , Bogdanov Roman , Serdiuk Oleksii , Javanbakht Arash 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study assessed the prevalence of PTSD and its association with ACEs, IPV and lifetime trauma experiences in the context of Russian war on Ukraine. 999 college students from all Ukrainian regions (68.57% females, Mage = 19.1 years), reported on PTSD, ACEs, IPV, and lifetime trauma experiences. Structural Equation Modeling was used to assess direct and indirect (mediated by IPV and lifelong trauma experiences) effects of ACEs on participants’ PTSD symptoms. Results indicated that 24.97% of the participants have met the clinical cutoff for PTSD. Lower PTSD symptomatology was associated with fewer ACEs (b = .40, p < .001), fewer lifetime traumatic events (b = .17, p < .05), and male sex (b = − .15, p < .05). Participants with more ACEs were more likely to experience IPV (b = .35, p < .001) and lifetime traumatic events (b = .36, p < .001). ACEs had a significant standardized indirect association, mediated by lifetime traumatic events, with increased PTSD symptomatology (b = .06, p < .05). ACEs had a direct effect on PTSD. Early adversity also had an indirect association with PTSD mediated by lifelong victimization.