bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A trade‐off between antipredatory behavior and pairing competition produced by male‑male tandem running in three Reticulitermes species
Authors: Li Gang‐Hua , Liu Long , Lei Chao‐Liang , Huang Qiu‐Ying 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDue to the omnipresent risk of predation, termites have evolved many antipredatory behaviors. The two related species Reticulitermes speratus and R. chinensis have been demonstrated to use homosexual tandem running to decrease individual predation risk after shedding their wings. In this study, we tested risk of predation in the termite R. flaviceps, which is distantly related to the above two species. We determined that homosexual tandem running also led to low individual predation risk in dealates of R. flaviceps. Moreover, by combining a predation model with a competition model, we observed a typical trade‐off phenomenon between antipredatory behavior and pairing competition produced by male‑male tandem running in the above three Reticulitermes species. Our results indicated that male‑male tandem running could effectively protect disadvantaged individuals from being caught, but disadvantaged individuals would be easily eliminated in pairing competition after male‑male tandem running, suggesting that male‑male tandem running can promote population evolution in termites by repeatedly removing the relatively inferior male individuals.
Evaluation of the causality of the low‐density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR) for serum lipids in pigs
Authors: Zeng Z. , Chen R. , Liu C. , Yang H. , Chen C. , Huang L. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryA significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) for low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and total cholesterol (TC) was identified around the LDLR gene on chromosome 2 (SSC2) in a White Duroc × Erhualian F2 resource population and Sutai pigs in our previous study. However, in previous reports, the causality of LDLR with serum lipids is controversial in pigs. To systematically assess the causality of LDLR with serum lipids, association analyses were successively performed in three populations: Sutai pigs, a White Duroc × Erhualian F2 resource population and a Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) population. We first performed a haplotype‐based association study with 60K SNP genotyping data and evidenced the significant association with LDL‐C and TC around the LDLR gene region. We also found that there is more than one QTL for LDL‐C and TC on SSC2. Then, we evaluated the causalities of two missense mutations, c.1812C>T and c.1520A>G, with LDL‐C and TC. We revealed that the c.1812C>T SNP showed the strongest association with LDL‐C (P = 5.40 × 10−11) and TC (P = 3.64 × 10−8) and explained all the QTL effect in Sutai pigs. Haplotype analysis found that two missense SNPs locate within a 1.93‐Mb haplotype block. One major haplotype showed the strongest significant association with LDL‐C (P = 4.62 × 10−18) and TC (P = 1.06 × 10−9). However, the c.1812C>T SNP was not identified in the White Duroc × Erhualian intercross, and the association of c.1520A>G with both LDL‐C and TC did not achieve significance in this F2 population, suggesting population heterogeneity. Both missense mutations were identified in the Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) population and showed significant associations with LDL‐C and TC. Our data give evidence that the LDLR gene should be a candidate causative gene for LDL‐C and TC in pigs, but heterogeneity exists in different populations.
In Vivo Characterization of a Decellularized Dermis‐Polymer Complex for Use in Percutaneous Devices
Authors: Nam Kwangwoo , Matsushima Rie , Kimura Tsuyoshi , Fujisato Toshiya , Kishida Akio 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTo develop a method for making percutaneous devices that have high biocompatibility and do not induce downgrowth of epidermal cells, we prepared a partial decellularized dermis (DD)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) complex (PDPC) with a PMMA rod firmly stabilized inside. The porcine decellularized tissue was chosen because of its high biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and MMA was used because it would adhere firmly to a polymer such as a catheter. The MMA filled the cavities in the dermis and polymerized, anchoring to the collagenous fibrils inside the porcine DD. The PDPC was cemented to the PMMA rod tightly and it was integrated with the surrounding tissue within 12 weeks of implantation. Furthermore, no downgrowth of the epidermis, which may cause clinical problems, was observed. We consider that the tissue‐polymer complex may be a suitable candidate for use in percutaneous devices.
A role for prostaglandins in rapid cycling suggested by episode‐specific gene expression shifts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a preliminary report
Authors: Gurvich Artem , Begemann Martin , Dahm Liane , Sargin Derya , Miskowiak Kamilla , Ehrenreich Hannelore 
Published: June 2014

ObjectivesOver 12% of patients with bipolar disorder exhibit rapid cycling. The underlying biological mechanisms of this extreme form of bipolar disease are still unknown. This study aimed at replicating and extending findings of our previously published case report, where an involvement of prostaglandin synthesis‐related genes in rapid cycling was first proposed.MethodsPsychopathological follow‐up of the reported case was performed under cessation of celecoxib treatment. In a prospective observational study, patients with bipolar disorder (n = 47; of these, four had rapid cycling) or with monopolar depression (n = 97) were recruited over a period of three years. Repeated psychopathology measurements were conducted using standard instruments. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained during as many consecutive episodes as possible and processed for mRNA isolation and quantitative real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), aldo‐ketoreductase family 1, member C3 (AKR1C3), cyclooxygenase‐2 (PAN means all splice variants) (COX2PAN), prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and purinergic receptor P2X, ligand‐gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7).ResultsThe follow‐up of our original case of a patient with rapid cycling who had shown impressive psychopathological improvement under celecoxib revealed complete loss of this effect upon discontinuation of the COX2 inhibitor. Episode‐specific gene expression measurements in PBMC of four newly recruited rapid cycling patients confirmed the higher expression of PTGDS in depressive compared to manic phases. Additionally, higher relative expression of PTGS2/COX2PAN was found. No comparable alterations were observable in samples available from the remaining 43 patients with bipolar disorder and the 97 monopolar depressed patients, emphasizing the advantages of the rapid cycling condition with its rapid and frequent shifts for identification of gene expression changes.ConclusionsThis study supports a role for prostaglandins in rapid cycling and advocates the cyclooxygenase cascade as a treatment target in this condition.
A spectral method for spatial downscaling
Authors: Reich Brian J. , Chang Howard H. , Foley Kristen M. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryComplex computer models play a crucial role in air quality research. These models are used to evaluate potential regulatory impacts of emission control strategies and to estimate air quality in areas without monitoring data. For both of these purposes, it is important to calibrate model output with monitoring data to adjust for model biases and improve spatial prediction. In this article, we propose a new spectral method to study and exploit complex relationships between model output and monitoring data. Spectral methods allow us to estimate the relationship between model output and monitoring data separately at different spatial scales, and to use model output for prediction only at the appropriate scales. The proposed method is computationally efficient and can be implemented using standard software. We apply the method to compare Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model output with ozone measurements in the United States in July 2005. We find that CMAQ captures large‐scale spatial trends, but has low correlation with the monitoring data at small spatial scales.
Dental attendance among adult Finns after a major oral health care reform
Authors: Raittio Eero , Kiiskinen Urpo , Helminen Sari , Aromaa Arpo , Suominen Anna Liisa 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectivesBetween 2001 and 2002, all age limits restricting the availability of subsidized private dental care and Public Dental Services (PDS) were abolished in Finland. In addition, the reform aimed to address income‐ and residence‐related disparities in access to subsidized oral health care services. The aim of this study was to analyse how dental attendance and factors associated with it changed after the reform.MethodsWe carried out three consecutive surveys on the use of oral health care services and perceived oral health. The surveys were conducted in 2001 (n = 2837), in 2004 (n = 2420) and in 2007 (n = 2296), and the study population comprised Finnish adults born in 1970 or earlier. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine factors associated with the use of the services.ResultsThe percentage of respondents who attended dental care regularly or had used oral health care services over the past 12 months rose between 2001 and 2007. In particular, there was an increase in the proportion of subjects who used PDS. The average number of visits to a private dentist decreased between 2001 and 2007. In the regression analyses, the use of services was associated with older age, perceived lack of need for care, perceived toothache during the past 12 months, perceived good oral health, lower number of missing teeth and regular dental visiting habits. The use of private dental care services was associated with perceived good oral health and perceived lack of need for care, higher household income and older age in all three study years while the use of PDS was associated with younger age, perceived good oral health and perceived lack of need for care only in 2001.ConclusionsThe use of oral health care services rose and age did not seem to be a barrier to the use of oral health care services after the reform, as was the aim of the reform. No change in the association of household income with the use of oral health care services was seen after the OHCR.
Fixed restorations supported by Morse‐taper connection implants: a retrospective clinical study with 10–20 years of follow‐up
Authors: Mangano Carlo , Iaculli Flavia , Piattelli Adriano , Mangano Francesco 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectivesRehabilitation with implant‐supported fixed prostheses is a predictable modality to restore lost function and esthetics; however, fixed restorations are subject to biological and prosthetic complications, which may represent a problem in the long‐term. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long‐term survival and complication rates of fixed restorations supported by Morse‐taper connection implants.Materials and MethodsBetween January 1992 and December 2002, 49 patients (age range 22–70 years), were included in this study. The restorations involved 58 fixed reconstructions (15 single crowns [SCS], 29 partial prostheses, 14 full‐arches), supported by 178 Morse‐taper connection implants with a follow‐up ranging from 10 to 20 years. Outcomes such as implant survival, marginal bone loss, frequency of biological and prosthetic complications as well as “complication‐free” survival of restorations were investigated.ResultsThe 20‐year overall cumulative implant survival was 97.2%. A few biological (3.4%) and prosthetic (10.3%) complications were reported. The “complication‐free” survival rate of restorations was 85.5%. No statistically significant differences were observed among patients' gender, age, smoking or parafunctional habits, prosthesis site and type.ConclusionsSatisfactory “complication‐free” survival rates can be achieved after 20 years for fixed restorations supported by Morse‐taper connection implants, with minimal marginal bone loss and complications.
The Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs2208454 Confers an Increased Risk for Ischemic Stroke: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Luo Man , Li Jiao‐Xing , Sun Xun‐Sha , Lai Rong , Wang Yu‐Fang , Xu Xiao‐Wei , Sheng Wen‐Li 
Published: June 2014

SummaryAimA recent genome‐wide association study identified a strong association of covert magnetic resonance imaging infarcts with the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2208454. The aim of this study was to determine whether the rs2208454 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke (IS).MethodsIschemic stroke patients (n = 712) and control subjects (n = 774) from a southern Chinese Han population were included. The snapshot technique was used for genotype analysis.ResultsCompared with the GT+GG or GG genotype, the frequency of the TT genotype was significantly higher in IS than in controls. After adjusting for age, gender, family history of IS, hypertension history, and history of diabetes mellitus, a significant correlation between the TT genotype and IS persisted (TT vs. GT+GG: adjusted OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.16–2.77; TT vs. GG: adjusted OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.20–2.94). In subgroup analyses, SNP rs2208454 was significantly associated with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) (TT vs. GG: adjusted OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.19–3.93), but failed to show significant association with small‐artery occlusion or cardioembolism IS subtypes.ConclusionsSingle nucleotide polymorphism rs2208454 confers an increased risk for IS in a southern Chinese Han population. When the IS subtype was examined, the effect of the SNP was restricted to LAA.
Sleep disturbances in children, adolescents, and young adults with severe psychomotor impairment: impact on parental quality of life and sleep
Authors: Tietze Anna L , Zernikow Boris , Michel Erik , Blankenburg Markus 
Published: June 2014

AimIn childhood, severe psychomotor impairment (SPMI) is associated with profound sleep disturbances. With the help of newly developed and validated measures, we systematically assessed how much a child's sleep disturbance affects parental sleep and quality of life (QoL) in this specific patient group.MethodParents and their children with SPMI were enrolled from three outpatient centers and one in‐patient center in Germany. We administered a set of questionnaires to the parents that addressed their child's sleep quality, the sleep disturbance‐related parental burden, and the impact on both parental sleep and QoL. Additional questionnaires were used to gather data describing our sample group to allow for comparison with published norms.ResultsParents of 214 children, adolescents, and young adults with SPMI (114 males, 100 females; mean age 10y 5mo, SD 5y 6mo, range 0.1–25y) responded to the questionnaire set (response rate of 66%). We found severe impairment of parental health status and QoL. More than 50% of the parents suffered from a sleep disorder (e.g. prolonged sleep latency, shortened sleep duration). Sleep disturbances in children, adolescents, and young adults correlated strongly with parental sleep disturbances, parental impairment of physical and mental functioning, parental social functioning, and parental working ability.InterpretationSleep‐related difficulties have a significant sociomedical impact on the parents of children, adolescents, and young adults with complex neurological diseases. Typically, parents are severely affected in various aspects of daily living. There is a need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that match the complex sociomedical needs of these patients and their families.
Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus experience psychosensorial symptoms during hypoglycaemia
Authors: Law J. R. , Yeşiltepe‐Mutlu G. , Helms S. , Meyer E. , Özsu E. , Çizmecioğlu F. , Lin F.C. , Hatun Ş. , Calikoglu A. S. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimTo describe mood and psychosensorial symptoms of hypoglycaemia in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus in two countries with different cultures, Turkey and the USA.MethodsWe developed a 68‐item questionnaire assessing physical, behavioural, mood and psychosensorial symptom frequency and ratings [‘good’, ‘bad’, or ‘both’ (sometimes good, sometimes bad)]. Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes were recruited from paediatric diabetes clinics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in the USA and Kocaeli University in Turkey. The percentages of participants at each clinic who endorsed individual symptoms, symptom categories and symptom ratings were calculated and compared.ResultsCronbach's α values were > 0.7 for each real symptom category. No symptom items were excluded from the questionnaire analysis based on item‐total correlation results which were all > 0.2. Data were collected from 132 participants (69 from University of North Carolina, 63 from Kocaeli University, 54% male). The mean (sd) age of the participants was 14.9 (1.9) years, HbA1c level was 8.7 (1.8) % and duration of Type 1 diabetes was 5.8 (3.7) years. On average, each physical symptom was experienced by 65.2% of participants, each behavioural symptom by 46.5%, each mood symptom by 42.8%, and each psychosensorial symptom by 48.9%. On average, each physical, behavioral, mood and psychosensorial symptom was rated as ‘good’ or ‘both’ by 23.0, 29.1, 36.9 and 37.2% of participants, respectively. There were no symptom differences between the groups in each country.ConclusionsIn addition to the classic physical symptoms experienced during hypoglycaemia, adolescents with Type 1 diabetes report psychosensorial, mood and behavioral symptoms, and some describe them as positive experiences. Symptom experiences were similar in these two countries with different cultures.
Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin over 52 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yale J.‐F. , Bakris G. , Cariou B. , Nieto J. , David‐Neto E. , Yue D. , Wajs E. , Figueroa K. , Jiang J. , Law G. , Usiskin K. , Meininger G. ,   on behalf of the DIA3004 Study Group
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimThis study evaluated the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and within a subset of Stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD; estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥30 and <50 ml/min/1.73 m2).MethodsIn this 52‐week, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study, patients (N = 269; mean eGFR, 39.4 ml/min/1.73 m2) received canagliflozin 100 or 300 mg and placebo once daily. Efficacy endpoints included changes in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight and systolic blood pressure (BP); adverse events (AEs) were also recorded.ResultsAt week 52, canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg reduced HbA1c compared with placebo (−0.19, −0.33 and 0.07%, respectively); placebo‐subtracted differences (95% confidence interval) were −0.27% (−0.53, 0.001) and −0.41% (−0.68, −0.14). Canagliflozin also lowered FPG, body weight and BP versus placebo. Overall AE incidence was 85.6, 80.9, and 86.7% with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg and placebo, respectively. Osmotic diuresis–related AEs were more common with both canagliflozin doses, and incidences of urinary tract infections and volume depletion–related AEs were higher with canagliflozin 300 mg versus placebo. Decreases in eGFR (−2.1, −4.0 and −1.6 ml/min/1.73 m2) were seen with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg compared with placebo. Canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg provided median percent reductions in urine albumin to creatinine ratio versus placebo (−16.4, −28.0 and 19.7%).ConclusionsCanagliflozin improved glycaemic control and was generally well tolerated in patients with T2DM and within a subset of Stage 3 CKD over 52 weeks.
Polymorphisms in the heparanase gene in multiple myeloma association with bone morbidity and survival
Authors: Andersen Niels F. , Vogel Ulla , Klausen Tobias W. , Gimsing Peter , Gregersen Henrik , Abildgaard Niels , Vangsted Annette J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectivesIn multiple myeloma, heparanase (HSPE) is involved in myeloma cell growth, angiogenesis, osteoclastogenesis and shedding of syndecan‐1, a key player in myeloma pathophysiology. Different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HSPE gene with effect on gene function have been described, and some are associated with haematological malignancies.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated four SNPs rs11099592, rs4364254, rs4693608 and rs6535455 in the HSPE gene in 348 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with focus on bone morbidity (lytic bone disease and vertebral fractures) and outcome after high‐dose chemotherapy with stem cell support (HDT).ResultsWe observed that homozygous carriers of the rs4693608 wild‐type A‐allele had a higher frequency of vertebral fractures compared to carriers of the variant G‐allele, P = 0.02. In multivariate analysis, homozygous carriers of the rs6535455 variant T‐allele had a longer survival than homo‐ and heterozygous carriers of the wild‐type C‐allele, hazard ratio 0.3 (95% CI 0.1–0.7, P = 0.002).ConclusionThe SNPs rs4693608 and rs6535455 in the HSPE gene may influence bone morbidity and outcome in multiple myeloma. Our results are an interesting observation but can be chance findings and need confirmation in studies exploring the functional role of SNPs in the HSPE gene in multiple myeloma.
Influence of monkey dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal activity on behavioral choice during attention tasks
Authors: Katsuki Fumi , Saito Mizuki , Constantinidis Christos 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe dorsolateral prefrontal and the posterior parietal cortex have both been implicated in the guidance of visual attention. Traditionally, posterior parietal cortex has been thought to guide visual bottom‐up attention and prefrontal cortex to bias attention through top‐down information. More recent studies suggest a parallel time course of activation of the two areas in bottom‐up attention tasks, suggesting a common involvement, though these results do not necessarily imply identical roles. To address the specific roles of the two areas, we examined the influence of neuronal activity recorded from the prefrontal and parietal cortex of monkeys as they performed attention tasks based on choice probability and on correlation between reaction time and neuronal activity. The results revealed that posterior parietal but not dorsolateral prefrontal activity correlated with behavioral choice during the fixation period, prior to the appearance of the stimulus, resembling a bias factor. This preferential influence of posterior parietal activity on behavior was transient, so that dorsolateral prefrontal activity predicted choice after the appearance of the stimulus. Additionally, reaction time was better predicted by posterior parietal activity. These findings confirm the involvement of both dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex in the bottom‐up guidance of visual attention, but indicate different roles of the two areas in the guidance of attention and a dynamic time course of their effects, influencing behavior at different stages of the task.