bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Lattice Boltzmann Flux Solver and Its Applications to Incompressible Isothermal and Thermal Flows
Authors: Wang Yan , Shu Chang , Teo Chiang Juay , Wu Jie , Yang Liming 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA three-dimensional (3D) lattice Boltzmann flux solver (LBFS) is presented in this paper for the simulation of both isothermal and thermal flows. The present solver combines the advantages of conventional Navier-Stokes (N-S) solvers and lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) solvers. It applies the finite volume method (FVM) to solve the N-S equations. Different from the conventional N-S solvers, its viscous and inviscid fluxes at the cell interface are evaluated simultaneously by local reconstruction of LBE solution. As compared to the conventional LBE solvers, which apply the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) globally in the whole computational domain, it only applies LBM locally at each cell interface, and flow variables at cell centers are given from the solution of N-S equations. Since LBM is only applied locally in the 3D LBFS, the drawbacks of the conventional LBM, such as limitation to uniform mesh, tie-up of mesh spacing and time step, tedious implementation of boundary conditions, are completely removed. The accuracy, efficiency and stability of the proposed solver are examined in detail by simulating plane Poiseuille flow, lid-driven cavity flow and natural convection. Numerical results show that the LBFS has a second order of accuracy in space. The efficiency of the LBFS is lower than LBM on the same grids. However, the LBFS needs very less non-uniform grids to get grid-independence results and its efficiency can be greatly improved and even much higher than LBM. In addition, the LBFS is more stable and robust.
Freddy Durkee and Ferdydurke:
Authors: Pratt Daniel Webster 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
The title of Witold Gombrowicz's first novel, Ferdydurke, has inspired a great deal of speculation as to its possible meanings since the work was first published in 1937. Even in 1986, when Bodgan Baran discovered that the title came from Sinclair Lewis's Babbitt, the matter was still not put to rest. In this essay, the author attempts to discover the meaning behind Gombrowicz's choice of title through a Gombrowiczian reading of Lewis's popular but generally understudied novel. Lewis scholarship has been rather sparse, owing mostly to the attitude that his works were merely examples of popular literature not worth further examination. After using Ferdydurke to explain Gombrowicz's artistic theories, the author applies these to Babbitt, demonstrating that the sociological descriptions underline deeper philosophical understandings of the world that Gombrowicz would later develop in his own writings. These are then reflected in the approach that Gombrowicz and Lewis take to their position as author and artist within their respective national cultures.
Zosteriform impetigo: Wolf’s isotopic response in a cutaneous immunocompromised district
Authors: Cohen Philip R. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Impetigo can result from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Wolf’s isotopic response is the occurrence of a new cutaneous disorder at the site of a previously healed disease. A cutaneous immunocompromised district is an area of skin that is more vulnerable than the rest of the individual’s body.
Purpose: To describe a man with impetigo localized to a unilateral dermatome and review the clinical features of other patients with zosteriform Staphylococcus aureus cutaneous infection.
Methods: PubMed was used to search the following terms, separately and in combination: cutaneous, dermatome, dermatomal, district, herpes, immunocompromised, impetigo, infection, isotopic, response, skin, staphylococcal, Staphylococcus aureus, Wolf, zoster, zosteriform. All papers were reviewed and relevant manuscripts, along with their reference citations, were evaluated.
Results: Crusted, eroded and intact, erythematous papules and nodules acutely presented localized to the mandibular branch of the left trigeminal nerve on the face of a 66-year-old man; he did not recall a prior episode of varicella-zoster virus infection in that area. A bacterial culture isolated methicillin-susceptible S. aureus. Viral cultures and direct fluorescent absorption studies were negative for herpes simplex and herpes zoster virus. All of the lesions resolved after oral treatment with cefdinir. Impetigo and/or furunculosis in a zosteriform distribution have also been described in 3 additional patients. The bacterial culture showed either methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant S. aureus; the skin infection resolved after treatment with oral antibiotics; however one man experienced 2 recurrences in the same area.
Conclusions: Zosteriform cutaneous staphylococcal impetigo may be an example of Wolf’s isotopic response in a cutaneous immunocompromised district.
The ball SITE sign: Ball sports-induced targetoid erythema in a racquetball player
Authors: Cohen Philip R. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Cutaneous injury following impact of a high velocity ball to the skin may result in either erythema or purpura or both. The lesion typically appears as an annular ring of erythema with or without accompanying ecchymosis when the skin is contacted by a paintball, a ping pong ball, a racquetball or a squash ball.
Purpose: To describe a girl with targetoid erythema following impact of a racquetball on her flank and back and to review other sports associated with this response to skin injury.
Methods: PubMed was used to search the following terms, separately and in combination: ball, erythema, paint, ping pong, purpura, racquetball, sign, site, sports, squash, targetoid. All papers were reviewed and relevant manuscripts, along with their reference citations, were evaluated.
Results: A 13-year-old girl developed an annular red ring surrounding a central area of normal appearing skin on her right flank and upper back where a racquetball traveling at a high velocity contacted her skin. Similar appearing lesions of targetoid erythema have been described at the cutaneous impact sites of either paintballs, ping pong balls, squash balls; in addition to erythema, purpura may also concurrently appear or subsequently develop at the contact location of the ball with the skin.
Conclusions: Targetoid erythema is a pathognomonic cutaneous presentation resulting from the impact of either a paintball, ping pong ball, racquetball or squash ball—that is traveling at a high velocity—with a sport participant’s skin.
The ball SITE (sports-induced targetoid erythema) sign is suggested as a unifying nomenclature to designate this unique, ball sport-associated, cutaneous dermatosis in athletes participating in sports in which high velocity impact of the ball with the skin may occur.
Glacioeustasy, meteoric diagenesis, and the carbon cycle during the Middle Carboniferous
Authors: Dyer Blake , Maloof Adam C. , Higgins John A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMiddle Carboniferous carbonates in the western U.S. have undergone Pleistocene Bahamas‐style meteoric diagenesis that may be associated with expanding late Paleozoic ice sheets. Fourteen stratigraphic sections from carbonate platforms illustrate the regional distribution and variable intensity of physical and chemical diagenesis just below the Middle Carboniferous unconformity. These sections contain top‐negative carbon isotope excursions that terminate in regional exposure surfaces that are associated with some combination of karst towers, desiccation cracks, fabric destructive recrystallization, or extensive root systems. The timing of the diagenesis is synchronous with similarly scaled top‐negative carbon isotope excursions observed by others in England, Kazakhstan, and China. The mass flux of negative carbon required to generate similar isotopic profiles across the areal extent of Middle Carboniferous platform carbonates is a significant component of the global carbon cycle. We present a simple carbon box model to illustrate that the δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon in the ocean could be elevated by ∼1.4
as isotopically light carbon from the weathering of terrestrial organic matter reacts with exposed platforms before reaching the ocean and atmosphere. These results represent an improvement on global biogeochemical models that have struggled to provide a congruent solution to the high δ13C of the late Paleozoic icehouse.
In situ measured seasonal characteristics of near‐surface aerosols over Bay of Bengal and MODIS‐retrieved columnar properties: A multicampaign analysis
Authors: Aryasree S. , Nair Prabha R , Girach I. A. , Jacob Salu 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSeasonal changes in near‐surface aerosol mass loading and their chemical characteristics over the marine environment of Bay of Bengal (BoB) have been investigated, based on the ship‐based experiments carried out as part of three major field campaigns in premonsoon, winter, and monsoon seasons. These spatiotemporal properties of in situ measured near‐surface aerosols were compared with the columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent, effective radius, mass concentration, fine‐mode AOD, and large‐mode AOD retrieved by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The spatial heterogeneity in the chemical nature of aerosols for the three contrasting seasons has been addressed. In all the seasons, BoB is found to be polluted by anthropogenic aerosols as revealed by their chemical composition. North BoB exhibits highest near‐surface aerosol loading, columnar AOD, and aerosol mass concentration irrespective of the season. While the high AOD in winter is due to fine‐mode anthropogenic aerosols, that in monsoon is due to large‐sized sea‐salt aerosols. The fine‐mode AOD over BoB contributes 45% in monsoon, 69% in premonsoon, and 73% in winter. The column AOD in winter and premonsoon is ~50% of its monsoonal value. The e‐fold scale distances of total aerosol mass loading and those of various chemical species over BoB are also investigated. The column mass concentration has been estimated from the in situ measured near‐surface aerosol mass loading and compared with that retrieved from MODIS. Regions where low near‐surface aerosol mass loading was observed; the satellite‐retrieved columnar loading was found to be overestimated suggesting seasonal and regional differences in scale height.
Atmospheric responses to idealized urban land surface forcing in eastern China during the boreal spring
Authors: Deng Jiechun , Xu Haiming 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn contrast to the impacts of anthropogenic aerosols and greenhouse gases, little is known about the impact of urban land surface forcing (ULSF) on large‐scale atmospheric circulation. This study explores atmospheric responses to idealized ULSF in eastern China during the boreal spring using the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 coupled with the Community Land Model version 4. Results show that the ULSF leads to an increased air temperature in northern China both near the surface and in the lower troposphere. Related to a strong thermal feedback loop, a middle‐upper tropospheric cooling is found in eastern China while a relatively strong warming occurs in the middle‐high latitudes, which acts to enhance the meridional temperature gradient to the north of the source region and then shifts the East Asian subtropical jet stream (EASJ) southward. A weakened southwesterly in the lower troposphere in southern China slows down moisture transportation to northern China, and the southward shifted EASJ induces strong anomalous sinking motion to the north of the Yangtze River Valley (YRV). The associated changes in moisture and vertical airflow result in moisture divergence along the YRV and convergence in southern China. Thus, the spring rain belt is shifted southward, as characterized by below‐normal rainfall extending from the Huai River Valley to South Korea and above‐normal rainfall from southern China to the south coast of Japan. In addition, analysis of the upper tropospheric wave activity signifies that large‐scale atmospheric responses due to the ULSF also exert an important influence on local climate.
Plackett–Burman experimental design to facilitate syntactic foam development
Authors: Smith Zachary D. , Keller Jennie R. , Bello Mollie , Cordes Nikolaus L. , Welch Cynthia F. , Torres Joseph A. , Goodwin Lynne A. , Pacheco Robin M. , Sandoval Cynthia W. 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTThe use of an eight‐experiment Plackett–Burman method can assess six experimental variables and eight responses in a polysiloxane‐glass microsphere syntactic foam. The approach aims to decrease the time required to develop a tunable polymer composite by identifying a reduced set of variables and responses suitable for future predictive modeling. The statistical design assesses the main effects of mixing process parameters, polymer matrix composition, microsphere density and volume loading, and the blending of two grades of microspheres, using a dummy factor in statistical calculations. Responses cover rheological, physical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The cure accelerator content of the polymer matrix and the volume loading of the microspheres have the largest effects on foam properties. These factors are the most suitable for controlling the gel point of the curing foam, and the density of the cured foam. The mixing parameters introduce widespread variability and therefore should be fixed at effective levels during follow‐up testing. Some responses may require greater contrast in microsphere‐related factors. Compared to other possible statistical approaches, the run economy of the Plackett–Burman method makes it a valuable tool for rapidly characterizing new foams. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 132, 42892.
Dynamic disconnection of the supplementary motor area after processing of dismissive biographic narratives
Authors: Borchardt Viola , Krause Anna L. , Li Meng , van Tol Marie‐José , Demenescu Liliana Ramona , Buchheim Anna , Metzger Coraline D. , Sweeney‐Reed Catherine M. , Nolte Tobias , Lord Anton R. , Walter Martin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIntroductionTo understand the interplay between affective social information processing and its influence on mental states we investigated changes in functional connectivity (FC) patterns after audio exposure to emotional biographic narratives.MethodsWhile lying in the 7TMRscanner, 23 male participants listened to narratives of early childhood experiences of three persons, each having either a secure, dismissing, or preoccupied attachment representation. Directly after having listened to each of the prototypical narratives, participants underwent a 10‐minute resting‐statefMRIscan.To study changes inFCpatterns between experimental conditions, three post‐task conditions were compared to a baseline condition. Specific local alterations, as well as differences in connectivity patterns between distributed brain regions, were quantified using Network‐based statistics (NBS) and graph metrics.ResultsUsingNBS, a nine‐region subnetwork showing reducedFCafter having listened to the dismissing narrative was identified. Of this subnetwork, only the left Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) exhibited a decrease in the nodal graph metrics degree and strength exclusively after listening to the dismissing narrative. No other region showed post‐task changes in nodal metrics. A post hoc analysis of dynamic characteristics ofFCof the leftSMAshowed a significant decrease in the dismissing condition when compared with the other conditions in the first three minutes of the scan, but faded away in the two subsequent intervals the differences.ConclusionsNodal metrics andNBSconverge on reduced connectivity measures exclusively in leftSMAin the dismissing condition, which may specifically reflect ongoing network changes underlying prolonged emotional reactivity to attachment‐related processing.
Belongings Beyond Borders: Reflections of Young Refugees on Their Relationships with Location
Authors: Muir Jessica , Gannon Kenneth 
Published: September 2015

AbstractYoung separated refugees are exiled from familiar places and on seeking asylum encounter new, potentially alienating, places. Yet, there is limited research regarding the effects of location on the psychological experiences of young separated refugees. This study explores the relationships that young adults who arrived in the UK as separated refugees have with the spaces that they inhabit and the consequences of these. It draws on qualitative interviews with young men from Iraq and Afghanistan who are living in London. Four key themes emerged from the analysis. Participants felt frustrated in bureaucratic settings where processes of labelling and physical manipulation prevented their sense of subjectivity from being expressed. Certain community spaces offered a rich range of support. Micro‐spaces of belonging and embodied processes of exploration in the wider community were also reported to be psychologically beneficial. The themes suggest that considerations of young separated refugees' relations to place may provide alternative psychological understandings of their experiences, particularly in relation to concepts such as trauma. Policy implications related to immigration control and the benefits of community projects are highlighted. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single‐Step Exfoliation and Covalent Functionalization of MoS2 Nanosheets by an Organosulfur Reaction
Authors: Gonçalves Ricardo H. , Fiel Rodrigo , Soares Mario R. S. , Schreiner Wido H. , Silva Caio M. P. , Leite Edson R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA simple approach to exfoliate and functionalize MoS2 in a single‐step is described, which combines the dispersion of MoS2 in polybutadiene solution and ultrasonication processes. The great advantage of this process is that a colloidal stability of MoS2 in nonpolar solvent is achieved by chemically bonding polybutadiene on the perimeter edge sites of MoS2 sheets. In addition, elastomeric nanocomposite has been prepared with singular mechanical properties using functionalized MoS2 as nanofiller in a polybutadiene matrix with a subsequent vulcanization reaction.
Synthesizing Ag Nanoparticles of Small Size on a Hierarchical Porosity Support for the Carboxylative Cyclization of Propargyl Alcohols with CO2 under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Cui Meng , Qian Qingli , He Zhenhong , Ma Jun , Kang Xinchen , Hu Jiayin , Liu Zhimin , Han Buxing 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBoth immobilization of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) of very small size on hierarchical porosity supports and carboxylative cyclization of propargyl alcohols with CO2 under ambient conditions are very interesting. In this work, we synthesized AgNPs supported on sulfonated macroreticular resin (SMR) with hierarchical pores in water/alcohol solutions. It was shown that the size of the AgNPs on the SMR could be tailored easily by altering the synthetic solutions, and very small AgNPs with narrow size distribution (1–3 nm) could be obtained in water/methanol solution. It was found that the AgNPs/SMR with small AgNPs was highly efficient and an easily recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of α‐alkylidene cyclic carbonates by carboxylative cyclization of propargyl alcohols with CO2 at ambient pressure and temperature, which was the first work to use metal nanoparticles as the catalysts for the reaction.
Effect of Different Z‐Inducers on the Stabilization of Z Portion in BZ‐DNA Sequence: Correlation Between Experimental and Simulation Data
Authors: Pietropaolo Adriana , D'urso Alessandro , Purrello Roberto , Berova Nina 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this study we show the outstanding agreement between simulation and experimental data concerning the efficient stabilization effect by NaCl of Z conformation. We demonstrate by circular dichroism (CD) experiments that Na+ not only is able to induce a B to Z form transition in a short (GC)3 alternated portion of a sequence having 17 basis, but also is the best stabilizer in comparison with other Z inducers used (spermine and NiCl2). This result was confirmed by free energy calculations. Chirality 27:773–778, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overeating with and without loss of control: Associations with weight status, weight‐related characteristics, and psychosocial health
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Loth Katie A. , MacLehose Richard F. , Pisetsky Emily M. , Berge Jerica M. , Neumark‐Sztainer Dianne 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe relative importance of loss of control and overeating in the relationship between binge eating and eating‐related and general psychopathology has been debated in the literature. This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of overeating with and without loss of control within a diverse, population‐based sample of adolescents.MethodA highly diverse (81.1% non‐White) sample of adolescents (n = 2,793) from EAT‐2010 (Eating and Activity in Teens) completed self‐report questionnaires assessing eating‐related psychopathology, substance use, nonsuicidal self‐injury, depressive symptoms, and self‐esteem.ResultsOvereating without loss of control was reported by 6.9% of girls and 5.0% of boys, while 9.6% of girls and 6.3% of boys reported overeating with loss of control (binge eating). Overall, overeating (with or without loss of control) was positively associated with unhealthy or extreme weight control behaviors, dieting, nonsuicidal self‐injury, lower body satisfaction, and self‐esteem, and higher depressive symptoms relative to no overeating. Among girls, binge eating was associated with unhealthy or extreme weight control behaviors, lower self‐esteem, and higher depressive symptoms relative to overeating without loss of control, while in boys, binge eating was associated with greater cigarette usage, lower body satisfaction, and greater depressive symptoms than overeating without loss of control (although cigarette usage was comparable in boys reporting binge eating and no overeating).DiscussionAny overeating, with or without loss of control, was associated with multiple adverse correlates among adolescents. Loss of control was uniquely associated with multiple health indicators, further highlighting its importance as a marker of severity of overeating. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:1150–1157).
Emotion Recognition in Blended Facial Expressions in Women with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Dapelo Marcela Marin , Surguladze Simon , Morris Robin , Tchanturia Kate 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPeople with anorexia nervosa (AN) have difficulties in the social domain, and problems in the ability to recognise emotions in people's faces may contribute to these difficulties. This study aimed to investigate emotion recognition in women with AN and healthy controls (HC), using pictures of faces portraying blended emotions at different levels of ambiguity, which resemble real‐life expressions more closely than prototypical expressions used in past studies. Seventy‐seven participants (35 AN; 42 HC) completed the emotion recognition task. Results indicated that participants with AN were less accurate than HC recognising expressions of disgust, when shown less ambiguously. There were no differences in the recognition of other emotions. Participants with AN also showed response bias towards anger. These findings suggest a generally preserved ability to recognise emotions in women with AN, with the exception of disgust recognition. They also support previous findings of bias towards anger in AN patients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.