bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evasion of wheat resistance gene Lr15 recognition by the leaf rust fungus is attributed to the coincidence of natural mutations and deletion in AvrLr15 gene
Authors: Cui Zhongchi , Shen Songsong , Meng Linshuo , Sun Xizhe , Jin Yuqing , Liu Yuanxia , Liu Daqun , Ma Lisong , Wang Haiyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmploying race‐specific resistance genes remains an effective strategy to protect wheat from leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) worldwide, while the newly emerged Pt races, owing to rapid genetic evolution, frequently overcome the immune response delivered by race‐specific resistance genes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the newly evolved virulence Pt pathogen remain unknown. Here, we identified an avirulence protein AvrLr15 from Pt that induced Lr15‐dependent immune responses. Heterologously produced AvrLr15 triggered pronounced cell death in Lr15‐isogenic wheat leaves. AvrLr15 contains a functional signal peptide, localized to the plant nucleus and cytosol and can suppress BAX‐induced cell death. Evasion of Lr15‐mediated resistance in wheat was associated with a deletion and point mutations of amino acids in AvrLr15 rather than AvrLr15 gene loss in the Lr15‐breaking Pt races, implying that AvrLr15 is required for the virulence function of Pt. Our findings identified the first molecular determinant of wheat race‐specific immunity and facilitated the identification of the first AVR/R gene pair in the Pt–wheat pathosystem, which will provide a molecular marker to monitor natural Pt populations and guide the deployment of Lr15‐resistant wheat cultivars in the field.
Enhancing contrast distribution with the far lateral approach in lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Yang Ying‐Wei , Lin Chia‐Shiang , Lao Hsuan‐Chih , Lin Ying‐Chun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundHerniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) with radiculopathy is a common degenerative spine disorder. Transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) is one of the pain relief treatments for lumbar radiculopathy recommended by evidence‐based guidelines. Adequate contrast distribution is correlated with better pain control, but the best approach has not been confirmed yet.AimTo confirm the distribution of contrast medium injected with a new approach of TFESI, that is, far lateral lateral recess approach (FLLR‐TFESI).MethodsPatients receiving TFESI due to HIVD with radiculopathy between 2010 January and 2020 August were retrospectively enrolled. While the FLLR‐TFESI was taken as the experimental group, the conventional approach was viewed as the control group. The baseline characteristics, the pattern of contrast enhancement under fluoroscopic guidance, and the complications of these patients were collected and analyzed.ResultsA total of 380 patients were analyzed (143 in control group and 237 in experimental group). The two groups were balanced in most baseline characteristics, except disc extrusion (p = 0.01) and scoliosis (p = 0.04). The FLLR‐TFESI have a better contrast distribution (p < 0.01), even after adjustment (p < 0.001). No intrathecal injection was noted, but higher rate of intra‐disc injection was noted in FLLR‐TFESI group (10% vs. 3%, p = 0.008).ConclusionThe FLLR‐TFESI has a superior contrast enhancement and distribution in comparison to conventional approach. Prospective study to confirm the study result as well as the clinical benefits is suggested in the future.
The nexus between revenue decentralization reforms and economic growth
Authors: Muthomi Frankline , Ndunda Titus M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRevenue decentralization represents a framework that facilitates enhanced fiscal autonomy for subnational governments, thereby enabling the tailoring of services to meet local needs and potentially fostering economic growth. In Kenya, the ratification of the 2010 constitutional formalized novel revenue frameworks aimed at supporting the operations, management, and sustainability of devolved county governments. However, there remains a paucity of empirical analysis examining the relationship between the revenue decentralization reforms and county‐level economic growth. We begin by identifying the main sources of county revenues within the decentralization frameworks, then investigate the dynamic interrelation with county economic growth. Through panel vector autoregression estimation techniques, our analysis reveals a positive and statistically significant association between own‐source revenue and conditional grants with county‐level economic growth. We discuss the implications of our findings and call for policymakers to reassess the fiscal instruments with the aim of strengthening the roles and responsibilities of counties.
Current status of pistachio diseases in countries of the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Gusella Giorgio , López‐Moral Ana , Antón‐Domínguez Begoña I. , Trapero Carlos , Polizzi Giancarlo , Trapero Antonio , Michailides Themis J. , Agustí‐Brisach Carlos 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the Mediterranean Basin, the pistachio crop is considered an emerging nut crop due to the dependence of the European nut markets on international imports. Consequently, the extension and intensification of pistachio production to nontraditional growing areas has promoted both classic and emerging diseases of this nut tree, which are limiting factors in crop production. Due to the limited interest in pistachio crops, the aetiology and epidemiology of the main pistachio diseases are poorly studied. Thus, this review summarizes the state of pistachio disease research, with particular attention given to the Mediterranean area. The information reported here is based not only on the literature, but also the advancement of our research on pistachio diseases conducted in both Italy and Spain. We describe the main fungal diseases of the tree canopy in Mediterranean countries, such as Botryosphaeria panicle and shoot blight, Septoria leaf spot, and stem, branch and trunk canker diseases, followed by the main soilborne diseases. In addition, we review minor and/or sporadic fungal diseases originating in not only the Mediterranean, but also other pistachio‐producing countries. Another section is dedicated to other diseases caused by bacteria, phytoplasmas, viruses and nematodes. Finally, we summarize the main control strategies adopted in Mediterranean Basin countries against pistachio diseases.
Prime matter emergentism: Unity without reduction
Authors: Boulter Stephen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractI am persuaded that the anti‐reductionist stance of the Mistake‐Making Theoretical Framework is fundamentally sound and will prove heuristically fruitful. But the very success of this framework generates a challenge. Many biologically informed metaphysicians have drawn striking conclusions from the fact that biology cannot be reduced to physics and chemistry. One such conclusion is John Dupré's “disunity of the sciences” thesis which follows upon the alleged “disorder of things.” These conclusions threaten to undermine assumptions underpinning the Mistake‐Making Theoretical Framework. In this paper I argue that metaphysicians need to find a middle path between an unattainable reductionism one the one hand and the unwelcome disunity thesis on the other. This is no easy task, as a survey of various proposals makes clear. I argue that adverting to the long‐discredited Aristotelian notion of Prime Matter is the most economical way of achieving unity without reduction.
The limits of compromise
Authors: Wendt Fabian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper defends the view that the limits of compromise are identical with the moral principles that set limits to human action more generally. Moral principles that prohibit lying, stealing, or killing, for example, sometimes make it morally impermissible to accept a compromise proposal, for the simple reason that the proposal involves an act of lying, killing, or stealing. The same holds for any other moral principle that sets limits to human action. This may sound straightforward and, perhaps, trivial. Yet in the philosophical literature, discussions of the limits of compromise have singled out more specific principles: Avishai Margalit proposes that the limits of compromise are set by the value of humanity, Simon May points at racial equality and more generally democratic legitimacy, Alexander Ruser and Amanda Machin appeal to the value of integrity, and a fourth at least initially plausible account invokes the idea of public justifiability. After discussing in greater detail what an account of the limits of compromise may be expected to do, the paper will show that none of these accounts is convincing.
‘Who is afraid of fairenesse or wanton ladies appearing in their barenesse?’: laughing at female desire in early modern English reception of the myth of the Trojan War☆
Authors: Ganberg Evgeniia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn early modern England, as part of a broader interrogation of exemplarity, full‐scale works on the Trojan War often subjected the myth's heroes to humorous scrutiny, whereas the heroines remained surprisingly untouched by comedy. Testifying to the war's calamities already in antiquity, in the early modern period, the myth's women acquired a further link to destruction: their sexuality was believed to ‘undo’ men. Embodying different types of suffering, the heroines came to be regarded as inherently tragic. Read against this context, one aspect of William Shakespeare's and Thomas Heywood's interventions into the myth appears remarkably defiant. Pursuing divergent aims – in Troilus and Cressida Shakespeare explores the annihilating power of laughter irrespective of gender, in Oenone and Paris and The Iron Age Heywood specifically sets out to rehabilitate female characters – both authors temporarily turn the heroines into objects of comedy. However, if Shakespeare creates a Troy in which mockery is universal, Heywood does not. Thus, although both maintain that laughter against the myth's heroines ultimately backfires, turning those laughing into comic figures, Heywood, by having the women never resort to mockery, makes them seem more sympathetic, even tragic, whereas their Shakespearean counterparts laugh and suffer laughter's consequences alongside men.
Factors involved in picky eating in children with disabilities visiting outpatient clinics to receive feeding therapy
Authors: Tanaka Yuko , Matsuyama Miwa , Tamura Fumiyo , Mizukami Miki , Tanaka Kumi , Kikutani Takeshi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to clarify the factors influencing picky eating in children with disabilities based on the hypothesis that primary disease or oral function is involved in picky eating. The subjects were 242 children aged 3–6 years receiving outpatient feeding therapy at our clinic. The subjects’ general and oral conditions and picky eating were assessed by their medical recodes. Resultingly, 79 children showed picky eating. Using logistic regression analysis, associated factors of picky eating were primary disease (p = .04), nutritional methods (p = .01), and oral hypersensitivity (p = .04). The relationship with the primary disease suggests the influence of the characteristics of the primary disease. The relationship with oral hypersensitivity may be attributed to avoiding certain sensations. Additionally, the study revealed that the subjects employed tube feeding to compensate for reduced nutritional intake due to picky eating. This study indicated that primary disease and nutritional method as general conditions and oral hypersensitivity as an oral function were possible factors for picky eating. Picky eating was found to occur at varying frequencies depending on the underlying primary disease, especially when the child struggled to tolerate different sensations experienced during meals.
Money talks? The motivational mechanisms of base pay on well‐being and work performance
Authors: Olafsen Anja H. , Jauvin Florence , Cécire Pascale , Forest Jacques 
Published: July 2024

Whether compensation serves as a motivational resource for employees is still a debated subject. It has been suggested that the effect of pay on motivation could be contingent on the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs as outlined by self‐determination theory. The current research explored the role of amount of base pay as well as pay fairness discrepancy in relation to basic psychological need satisfaction, autonomous work motivation and, in turn, psychological well‐being (i.e., vigor and emotional exhaustion), turnover intentions, and work performance. Managerial need support was also included in the model, so its mechanisms and its effects on the outcomes could be measured against those of pay. Using a combination of archival data and employees' self‐reports from 593 Norwegian workers, results revealed that amount of base pay did not predict satisfaction of any of the basic needs, pay fairness discrepancy negatively predicted satisfaction of the needs for autonomy and relatedness and positively predicted satisfaction of the need for competence, whereas managerial need support significantly predicted satisfaction of all three needs. While there was no significant direct relation from amount of base pay to any of the outcomes, results showed a significant direct relation from managerial need support to psychological well‐being (positive to vigor and negative to emotional exhaustion) and turnover intentions (negative). There was also a significant direct positive relation from pay fairness discrepancy to turnover intentions.
Fabrication, Modeling, and Testing of a Prototype Thermal Energy Storage Containment
Authors: Gifford Jeffrey , Davenport Patrick , Wang Xingchao , Ma Zhiwen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Increasing penetration of variable renewable energy resources requires the deployment of energy storage at a range of durations. Long-duration energy storage (LDES) technologies will fulfill the need to firm variable renewable energy resource output year round; lithium-ion batteries are uneconomical at these durations. Thermal energy storage (TES) is one promising technology for LDES applications because of its siting flexibility and ease of scaling. Particle-based TES systems use low-cost solid particles that have higher temperature limits than the molten salts used in traditional concentrated solar power systems. A key component in particle-based TES systems is the containment silo for the high-temperature (&gt;1100 ∘C) particles. This study combined experimental testing and computational modeling methods to design and characterize the performance of a particle containment silo for LDES applications. A laboratory-scale silo prototype was built and validated the congruent transient finite element analysis (FEA) model. The performance of a commercial-scale silo was then characterized using the validated model. The commercial-scale model predicted a storage efficiency above 95% after 5 days of storage with a design storage temperature of 1200 ∘C. Insulation material and concrete temperature limits were considered as well. The validation of the methodology means the FEA model can simulate a range of scenarios for future applications. This work supports the development of a promising LDES technology with implications for grid-scale electrical energy storage, but also for thermal energy storage for industrial process heating applications.
Numerical Calculation of the Oil Flow in a Truck Rear Axle Transmission and the Influence of Gear-Induced Air Flow
Authors: Hildebrand Lucas , Beierer Philipp , Lohner Thomas , Stahl Karsten 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
For the reliable operation of a gearbox, consistently sufficient lubrication of machine elements is necessary. Thus, the gearbox fluid flow plays an important role. The state of the art indicates that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enables targeted support of the gearbox development process at an early stage. Computational time plays a prominent role in practical applications. The particle-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) shows great potential for time-efficient calculations, especially with a simplified single-phase modeling approach. This study first examines the influence of gear-induced air flow on gearbox oil flow, focusing on a test gearbox to identify a suitable modeling approach for a truck rear axle transmission. The results indicate that the gear-induced air flow mainly impacts gearbox oil flow at higher circumferential speeds. For lower circumferential speeds, a single-phase model yields good results with significantly reduced computation times compared to a two-phase model. Applying the single-phase model to the truck rear axle transmission and comparing numerical results with experimental findings demonstrates a reliable representation of the oil flow characteristics.
A Data-Driven Approach for Forecasting Current Direction With a Hybrid Model of Empirical Mode Decomposition and Warped Gaussian Process
Authors: Liao Xiang , Wei Kai , Yang Qingshan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ocean current forecasting is essential for tidal renewable energy generation and operation. However, forecasting the current direction at multiple points along the water depth are still lacking of comprehensive studies. In this study, a data-driven approach was developed to attain short-term prediction in the current direction with reasonable uncertainty quantification. The developed approach employed empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the warped Gaussian process (WGP) in the forecasting process. The ocean current data, which were measured by a seabed-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler in the Haitian Strait, were used to illustrate the developed approach. The measured current direction data were preprocessed with the average shifting method to obtain the principal and random components for the improvement of the forecasting accuracy. The random components were decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and residuals. The principal components, IMFs, and residuals of the current direction were then forecasted by the WGP approach. The forecasting performance of the developed approach was investigated through comparisons with those of single standard GP, single WGP, and EMD + GP models. The effects of the kernel function and training input on the forecasting efficiency and precision were investigated. The extrapolation performances of the proposed model for a 1-step prediction and multistep-ahead prediction were also examined.
Multiple factors trigger the formation and resuscitation of the VBNC state in alcohol-producing
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Dou Chenpu , Zhang Jian , Huang Lijuan , Gao Yagang , Du Bing , Cui Xiaohu , Zhao Hanqing , Xue Guanhua , Ke Yuehua , Gan Lin , Feng Junxia , Feng Yanling , Cui Jinghua , Yan Chao , Xu Ziying , Fu Tongtong , Yu Zihui , Yang Yang , Yuan Jing , You Fuping 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella pneumoniae
can enter a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state to survive in unfavorable environments. Our research found that high-, medium-, and low-alcohol-producing
K. pneumoniae
strains are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the presence of the three
Kpn
strains has not been reported in the VBNC state or during resuscitation. In this study, the effects of different strains, salt concentrations, oxygen concentrations, temperatures, and nutrients in
K. pneumoniae
VBNC state were evaluated. The results showed that high-alcohol-producing
K. pneumoniae
induced a slower VBNC state than medium-alcohol-producing
K. pneumoniae
, and low-alcohol-producing
K. pneumoniae
. A high-salt concentration and micro-oxygen environment accelerated the loss of culturability. Simultaneously, both real-time quantitative PCR and droplet digital PCR were developed to compare the quantitative comparison of three
Kpn
strain VBNC states by counting single-copy gene numbers. At 22°C or 37°C, the number of culturable cells decreased significantly from about 10
8
to 10
5
–10
6
CFU/mL. In addition, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, polymyxin, and phiW14 inhibited cell resuscitation but could not kill VBNC-state cells. These results revealed that the different environments evaluated play different roles in the VBNC induction process, and new effective strategies for eliminating VBNC-state cells need to be further studied. These findings provide a better understanding of VBNC-state occurrence, maintenance, detection, and absolute quantification, as well as metabolic studies of resuscitation resistance and ethanol production.

IMPORTANCE

Bacteria may enter VBNC state under different harsh environments. Pathogenic VBNC bacteria cells in clinical and environmental samples pose a potential threat to public health because cells cannot be found by routine culture. The alcohol-producing
Kpn
VBNC state was not reported, and the influencing factors were unknown. The formation and recovery of VBNC state is a complete bacterial escape process. We evaluated the influence of multiple induction conditions on the formation of VBNC state and recovery from antibiotic and bacteriophage inhibition, and established a sensitive molecular method to enumerate the VBNC cells single-copy gene. The method can improve the sensitivity of pathogen detection in clinical, food, and environmental contamination monitoring, and outbreak warning. The study of the formation and recovery of VBNC-state cells under different stress environments will also promote the microbiological research on the development, adaptation, and resuscitation in VBNC-state ecology.
Metagenome-derived SusD-homologs affiliated with Bacteroidota bind to synthetic polymers
Authors: Silverio Myllena Pereira , Neumann Tabea , Schaubruch Kirsten , Heermann Ralf , Pérez-García Pablo , Chow Jennifer , Streit Wolfgang R. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

S
tarch
u
tilization
s
ystem (Sus)D-homologs are well known for their carbohydrate-binding capabilities and are part of the
sus
operon in microorganisms affiliated with the phylum Bacteroidota. Until now, SusD-like proteins have been characterized regarding their affinity toward natural polymers. In this study, three metagenomic SusD homologs (designated SusD1, SusD38489, and SusD70111) were identified and tested with respect to binding to natural and non-natural polymers. SusD1 and SusD38489 are cellulose-binding modules, while SusD70111 preferentially binds chitin. Employing translational fusion proteins with superfolder GFP (sfGFP), pull-down assays, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has provided evidence for binding to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and other synthetic polymers. Structural analysis suggested that a Trp triad might be involved in protein adsorption. Mutation of these residues to Ala resulted in an impaired adsorption to microcrystalline cellulose (MC), but not so to PET and other synthetic polymers. We believe that the characterized SusDs, alongside the methods and considerations presented in this work, will aid further research regarding bioremediation of plastics.

IMPORTANCE
SusD1 and SusD38489 can be considered for further applications regarding their putative adsorption toward fossil-fuel based polymers. This is the first time that SusD homologs from the polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL), largely described for the phylum Bacteroidota, are characterized as synthetic polymer-binding proteins.