bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communication Features, Culture and Speech Etiquette of Business Communication
Authors: Буханцева  , Bukhantseva Yu. 
Published: March 2015

This paper focuses on the fact that business communication is a major and
significant part of the professional culture. Relevance of the topic confirms
the need for ownership of professional culture, namely, business communication,
heads of international companies who every day have to deal with
its partners in the international business. Stand all the important aspects,
forms of business communication.
This article is based on the fact that the form of business communication
has its own rules, principles and standards that are mandatory. Culture of
business communication – a high level of communication skills in the business
world.
Culture of speech and business communication is sometimes interpreted as
corporate communications, whose main goal – is to identify specific problems
and their joint decision. The result of business communication should
be no material aspect, but rather positive emotions from interaction with a
partner, which, in turn, can then lead to large transactions.
The author argues that business – is the ability to communicate with people.
Implementing managerial innovations: Lessons from two case studies
Authors: Bérard Emilie , Bonnier Carole , Saulpic Olivier , Zarlowski Philippe 
Published: March 2015

Objectives: To address the challenges of implementing managerial innovations in hospitals. Setting: Two mid-size French public hospitals. Methods: Longitudinal case studies. Results: In the two cases presented, managerial innovations (new financial dashboards) were considered central by both clinicians and management to adapt to recent institutional changes and increased economic pressures. However, these innovations failed to support the change processes as initially expected, even though actors did grow accustomed to new approaches, roles, and modes of reasoning in the process. Conclusion: When implemented in a specific organisational context, management tools interact strongly with the environment, therefore creating local situations that depend both on the tools and the sociotechnical context. In practice, the tools’ actual functions may be richer than merely that of a control or decision support. Therefore, some key points need to be addressed by managers to better support the process at work when implementing innovations.
Monitoring Woody Biomass Chips Quality Change during Field Storage in Michigan
Authors: Lin Yingqian , Pan Fei 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Storage is a key component within the woody biomass supply chain, especially when year-round harvesting is impossible. To determine whether chipped biomass is a better form for in-woods storage than unchipped biomass, and to examine the effect of weather factors on wood chip quality, this study was designed and conducted at three study sites in Michigan. From July to December 2013, samples were collected twice a month and tested for moisture content (MC) and higher heating value (HHV). Results showed that during the 4-month field storage, unlike unchipped biomass, the small particle size and high degree of compaction in the wood chip pile caused biomass MCs to increase. Results also indicated that a smaller sized pile and higher initial MC could lead to a wetter middle layer in a wood chip pile. Owing to the high MC and microbial activity, declining trends in biomass HHV were detected. Whole tree chips were found to have higher HHV variation than pure stem wood chips because of the different content and types of lignin and extractives. Different positions within a wood chip pile did not affect the biomass HHV. Regression analysis showed that at Site 3, monthly cumulative rainfall was significant in predicting biomass MC in three models, and average air temperature was significant most of the time. However, none of the preselected variables were tested to be significant at the remaining two study sites because the biomass HHV change was small over storage time. Other more sensitive variables need to be considered in future studies.
Laboratory Quality Improvement in Tanzania
Authors: Andiric Linda R. , Massambu Charles G. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Objectives:
The article describes the implementation and improvement in the first groups of medical laboratories in Tanzania selected to participate in the training program on Strengthening Laboratory Management Toward Accreditation (SLMTA).

Methods:
As in many other African nations, the selected improvement plan consisted of formalized hands-on training (SLMTA) that teaches the tasks and skills of laboratory management and provides the tools for implementation of best laboratory practice. Implementation of the improvements learned during training was verified before and after SLMTA with the World Health Organization African Region Stepwise Laboratory Improvement Process Towards Accreditation checklist.

Results:
During a 4-year period, the selected laboratories described in this article demonstrated improvement with a range of 2% to 203% (cohort I) and 12% to 243% (cohort II) over baseline scores.

Conclusions:
The article describes the progress made in Tanzania’s first cohorts, the obstacles encountered, and the lessons learned during the pilot and subsequent implementations.
Not yet post-Asia: Paradoxes of identity and knowledge in transitional times
Authors: Ang Ien 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
We live in transitional times, in which the weight of global power is markedly shifting towards Asia. In this context the meaning of the category ‘Asian’ is thoroughly in flux, negotiated and contested across multiple dimensions. In this light, is it possible, or even desirable, to speak about post-Asia? If so, what could it mean? Or is such talk perhaps premature? In this article, I consider three ways of thinking about the notion of post-Asia: the temporal, the spatial and the epistemological. In all these instances, we can observe that a genuinely post-Asian perspective has not yet emerged.
Adaptations and receptions: Proof of the Man in Japan and China
Authors: Du Weijia 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Proof of the Man (人間の証明) is a 1977 Japanese film adapted from Morimura Seiichi’s detective novel of the same name. The film was dubbed and released in China as part of an extensive Sino-Japanese cultural exchange programme following the end of Cultural Revolution. The dubbed version gained immense popularity among the Chinese audience. The melodramatic plot of filial affection, the beautiful dubbed voice and the emotional theme song proved humane and healing for a traumatized audience of the post-Mao era. But a closer analysis reveals that the social critique embedded in the filmic text of Proof of the Man was rewritten and reinterpreted in the Chinese dubbing and viewing process. Both the translators and reviewers often dismissed, whitewashed or oversimplified racial tensions in the film. Very few noted that racial discrimination within Japan – an important subtext of the film – is a main cause of the filicide tragedy. I argue that it was not just ignorance of Japanese history that prevented Chinese reviewers from acknowledging the existence of racism in Japan, and that their belief that equated racial discrimination with class oppression and white supremacy was self-serving.
An unconventional mainstream film: The Founding of a Republic
Authors: Cai Shenshen 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Released to coincide with the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, The Founding of a Republic/Jianguodaye (Han and Huang, 2009, hereafter The Founding) was both a huge box-office success and cultural hit in mainland China in 2009. In contrast to previous mainstream films, from both the socialist and post-socialist eras, which were times of immense transformation to Chinese society, The Founding has a more commercial flavour as evidenced by its more nuanced approach to the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) policies and ideology. This article aims to analyse The Founding and illustrate the novel devices employed by the CCP and the changing trajectory of official propaganda as the CCP attempts ideological control of the Chinese people. The examination begins with a brief review of the politically loaded phrases ‘mainstream’ and ‘mainstream film’, and then scrutinizes The Founding by decoding its production motives and processes; its unconventional approach to plot design and character building, and, in particular it focuses on the impact of celebrity participation in the movie. The article will show that the panoramic history depicted in the film incorporates official propaganda that merges with commercial devices very subtly, while the mainstream and orthodox ideology of the CCP, as reflected in the production of this film, becomes more neutral, natural and entertaining. By focusing on the use of celebrities in combination with a more personalized approach to historic events and people, the author argues that the commercial and critical success of The Founding is a prime example for future mainstream films in terms of breaking through the blockade of commercial blockbusters and reforming CCP policy in a number of ways. The article attempts to build links between the film and the society, the movie stars and the historical figures, the production and the reception, the market and the mainstream, and the art and the politics.
The politics and poetics of North Korean Juche cinema
Authors: Kim Dong Hoon 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
North Korean film, just like other art and cultural forms from this country, is either deemed mere propaganda and thus unworthy of critical scrutiny or simply viewed as one of few windows available to us through which we could peep into this secluded society. In fact, almost all writings on North Korean cinema deal with the ways in which political intentions and the personality cult are distributed through recurring themes, similar plots and archetypical characters. There has been virtually no room for film aesthetics when it comes to North Korean film. Challenging these myopic perspectives, this article aims to shed light on the poetics of North Korean Juche cinema – in other words, how stylistic patterning, filmic techniques and visual modes engender particular effects and serve specific purposes, placing the cinematization process of Juche ideology in conversation with political questions through the analysis of film theories developed in North Korea and filmic conventions of North Korean Juche films.
Public debt and growth in the euro area: evidence from parametric and nonparametric Granger causality
Authors: Di Sanzo Silvestro , Bella Mariano 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMany studies in the empirical literature show that public debt is negatively correlated with economic growth but there is no paper that studies the causal links between these variables using rigorous tests based on Granger’s ideas. Accordingly, we investigate the causal links between debt-to-GDP ratio and economic growth using both linear parametric and nonlinear nonparametric Granger causality tests. We focus on 12 euro countries for the period 1970–2012. Our empirical results suggest a unidirectional causality running from debt to economic growth for Spain and Portugal and a bidirectional causality for Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland and Italy. No causality in either direction is identified for Austria, Finland, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Finally, for France, the tests provide evidence for a unidirectional causality running from GDP growth to debt-to-GDP ratio. In addition, the nonlinear tests indicate that overlooking nonlinearities may result in misleading conclusions about Granger causality. Caveats of the analysis, as well as policy conclusions, are also discussed.
Identification of molecular species of oxidized triglyceride in plasma and its distribution in lipoproteins
Authors: Shrestha Rojeet , Hui Shu-Ping , Miura Yusuke , Yagi Akiko , Takahashi Yuji , Takeda Seiji , Fuda Hirotoshi , Chiba Hitoshi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe role of triglycerides carried in the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) in the progression of atherosclerosis is uncertain. Identification of oxidized triglycerides and its possible association with atherosclerosis were largely ignored. Here we applied mass spectrometric approach to detect and identify triglyceride hydroperoxides (TGOOH) in human plasma and lipoproteins.EDTA plasma was collected from healthy human volunteers (n=9) after 14–16 h of fasting. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)We identified 11 molecular species of TGOOH in either plasma or VLDL and IDL, of which TGOOH-18:1/18:2/16:0, TGOOH-18:1/18:1/16:0, TGOOH-16:0/18:2/16:0, TGOOH-18:1/18:1/18:1, and TGOOH-16:0/20:4/16:0 were most dominant. These TGOOH molecules are carried by TRL but not by LDL and HDL. Mean concentration of TGOOH in plasma, VLDL and IDL were, respectively, 56.1±25.6, 349.8±253.6 and 512.5±173.2 μmol/mol of triglycerides.This is the first report to identify several molecular species of oxidized triglycerides in TRL. Presence of oxidized triglyceride may contribute to the atherogenicity of TRL. Further work is needed to elucidate the association of the oxidized triglyceride in atherosclerosis.
Can biomarkers help us to better diagnose and manage sepsis?
Authors: Schuetz Philipp , Plebani Mario 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The recognition over 25 years ago that the host response plays an exquisite role in sepsis, led to the today still-standard sepsis definition. Unfortunately, the inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria turned out to be less useful than anticipated, lacking sensitivity, specificity and ease of clinical application. Had novel host-response biomarkers been available by that time, it arguably would have been preferable to white blood cell count as an unspecific and not-sensitive laboratory-based SIRS criterion. Several novel markers have been put forward as sepsis markers with better diagnostic and/or prognostic potential in sepsis including inflammatory markers such as procalcitonin (PCT), presepsin, proadrenomedullin (ProADM), endothelial dysfunction markers such as P-selectin, E-selectin, intercellular cell adhesion molecule [ICAM]-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule [VCAM]-1 and genetic markers among others. The limitations to using clinical parameters and conventional diagnostic markers for patients with clinical suspicion of sepsis may directly lead to both, under treatment of patients with severe disease needing urgent antibiotic and fluid therapy, and unnecessary and prolonged exposure to antimicrobial agents adversely affecting patient outcomes and increasing antibiotic resistance. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence for emerging diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic-response sepsis biomarkers in different infections and clinical settings, and discuss the reliability, potential benefit and limitations of these marker when used in clinical routine for sepsis management.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2-(1H-imidazol-2-ylmethylidene)hydrazinyl- 1,3-thiazoles as potential antimicrobial agents
Authors: Łączkowski Krzysztof Z. , Jachowicz Katarzyna , Misiura Konrad , Biernasiuk Anna , Malm Anna 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Synthesis, characterization, and investigation of antimicrobial activities of nine novel imidazolylthiazoles are presented. Their structures were determined using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. Compounds 3e and 3i show very strong or strong bacteriostatic or bactericidal activity [minimal bactericidal concentration/minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)=2–64] against Staphylococcus spp. (MIC=7.81–15.62 μg/mL), Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 (MIC=1.95–3.91 μg/mL), and Bacillus spp. (MIC=3.91–15.62 μg/mL). Compounds 3e and 3i also show the highest fungicidal effect (minimal fungicidal concentration/MIC=2–4) against reference strains of fungi belonging to Candida spp. with MIC ranging from 3.91 to 31.25 μg/mL.
Performance Analysis of Fault Detection and Identification for Multiple Faults in GNSS and GNSS/INS Integration
Authors: Alqurashi Muwaffaq , Wang Jinling 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFor positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) purposes, GNSS or GNSS/INS integration is utilised to provide real-time solutions. However, any potential sensor failures or faulty measurements due to malfunctions of sensor components or harsh operating environments may cause unsatisfactory estimation for PNT parameters. The inability for immediate detecting faulty measurements or sensor component failures will reduce the overall performance of the system. So, real time detection and identification of faulty measurements is required to make the system more accurate and reliable for different applications that need real time solutions such as real time mapping for safety or emergency purposes. Consequently, it is necessary to implement an online fault detection and isolation (FDI) algorithm which is a statistic-based approach to detect and identify multiple faults.However, further investigations on the performance of the FDI for multiple fault scenarios is still required. In this paper, the performance of the FDI method under multiple fault scenarios is evaluated, e.g., for two, three and four faults in the GNSS and GNSS/INS measurements under different conditions of visible satellites and satellites geometry. Besides, the reliability (e.g., MDB) and separability (correlation coefficients between faults detection statistics) measures are also investigated to measure the capability of the FDI method. A performance analysis of the FDI method is conducted under the geometric constraints, to show the importance of the FDI method in terms of fault detectability and separability for robust positioning and navigation for real time applications.
Ancillary Studies of Experiments: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Baldwin Kate , Bhavnani Rikhil R. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract“Ancillary studies of experiments” are a technique whereby researchers use an experiment conducted by others to recover causal estimates of a randomized intervention on new outcomes. The method requires pairing randomized treatments the researchers did not oversee with data on outcomes that were not the focus of the original experiment. Since ancillary studies rely on interventions that have already been undertaken, oftentimes by governments, they can provide a low-cost method with which to identify effects on a wide variety of outcomes. We define this technique, identify the small but growing universe of papers that employ ancillary studies of experiments in political science and economics, and assess the benefits and limitations of the method.
Reflections on the Ethics of Social Experimentation
Authors: Humphreys Macartan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSocial scientists are increasingly engaging in experimental research projects of importance for public policy in developing areas. While this research holds the possibility of producing major social benefits, it may also involve manipulating populations, often without consent, sometimes with potentially adverse effects, and often in settings with obvious power differentials between researcher and subject. Such research is currently conducted with few clear ethical guidelines. In this paper I discuss research ethics as currently understood in this field, highlighting the limitations of standard procedures and the need for the construction of appropriate ethics, focusing on the problems of determining responsibility for interventions and assessing appropriate forms of consent.
A Two-level Agent-Based Model for Hurricane Evacuation in New Orleans
Authors: Liang Wei , Lam Nina S.-N. , Qin Xiaojun , Ju Wenxue 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMass evacuation of urban areas due to hurricanes is a critical problem in emergency management that requires extensive basic and applied research. Previous research uses agent-based models to simulate individual vehicle and driver behavior, and is limited mostly to a small study area due to the complexity of the models and the computational time needed. To better understand evacuation behavior, simulating the evacuation traffic in a larger region is needed. This paper develops a two-level regional disaster evacuation model by coupling two agent-based models. The first model uses each census block centroid, weighted with its corresponding number of vehicles, as an agent to simulate the local road network traffic. The second model, developed on the platform of a commercial software program called VISSIM, treats each vehicle as an agent to simulate the interstate highway traffic. This two-level agent-based model was used to simulate hurricane evacuation traffic in New Orleans. Validation results with the real Hurricane Katrina’s evacuation data confirm that the proposed model performs well in terms of high model accuracy (i.e., close agreement between the real and simulated traffic patterns) and short model running time. The modeling results show that the average root-mean-square error (RMSE) for the three major evacuation directions was 347.58. Under a simultaneous evacuation strategy, and with 240,251 vehicles in 17,744 agents (census blocks), it would take at least 46.3 hours to evacuate all residents from the New Orleans metropolitan area. This two-level modeling approach could serve as a practical tool for evaluating mass evacuation strategies in New Orleans and other similar urban areas.
Lipoprotein(a): wann messen, wie behandeln?
Authors: Chennamsetty Indumathi , Scharnagl Hubert , Kleber Marcus E. , März Winfried , Kostner Gert M. 
Published: March 2015

Zusammenfassung:
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] ist eines der atherogensten Lipoproteine. Es besteht aus einem low density lipoprotein (LDL)-Partikel und dem spezifischen Glykoprotein Apo(a). Apo(a) ist homolog zu Plasminogen, weist jedoch im Gegensatz dazu einen spezifischen Größenpolymorphismus auf. Er beruht darauf, dass die Anzahl von Kringle-IV (K-IV) Domänen zwischen zwei und etwa 50 schwankt. Apo(a) wird fast nur in der Leber synthetisiert, wobei bis heute noch nicht eindeutig geklärt ist, ob Apo(a) und LDL intrazellulär oder im zirkulierenden Blut verknüpft werden. Die Lp(a)-Plasmakonzentration ist rechtsschief verteilt und reicht von weniger als 1 mg/dL bis mehr als 200 mg/dL. Sie ist zu 90 Prozent genetisch determiniert; die Anzahl an K-IV repeats korreliert invers mit der Konzentration von Lp(a). Im Apo(a)-Promoter befinden sich zahllose Bindungsstellen für Transkriptionsfaktoren und nukleäre Rezeptoren, wobei jene für HNF4α eine der wichtigsten ist. Die Bindung von HNF4α wird durch die Aktivierung von FXR unterdrückt, was zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der Apo(a)-Biosynthese führt. Neuere große epidemiologische Studien lassen keinen Zweifel daran, dass Lp(a) ein kausaler Risikofaktor für KHK und Herzinfarkt ist, weshalb neue Ansätze erforscht werden, erhöhte Lp(a)-Konzentrationen medikamentös zu korrigieren. Unter den zugelassenen Lipidsenkern senkt nur Nikotinsäure, dessen molekulare Wirkweise wir kürzlich aufklären konnten, in konsistentem und klinisch bedeutsamem Ausmaß das Lp(a). Neue Medikationen die sich derzeit in Klinischen Tests befinden, unter ihnen CETP-Inhibitoren, PCSK9 Antikörper, der MTP Hemmer Lomitapide und Antisense-Oligonukleotide, erscheinen vielversprechend. Das spezifisch gegen die mRNA des Apo(a) gerichtete Antisense-Oligonukleotide APO(a)Rx
® von ISIS weist die stärkste Wirkung auf. Es eröffnet die Möglichkeit, den Effekt einer selektiven Absenkung des Lp(a) auf klinische Ereignisse zu untersuchen. Lp(a) ist ein wichtiger Parameter zur Ermittlung des Risikos für Atherosklerose. Die Bestimmung im klinischen Labor war für lange Zeit nicht standardisiert. Neue Analysenmethoden, vor allem Enzymimmunoassays mit monoklonalen Antikörpern, die nur ein Epitop im Apo(a) erkennen, sowie nephelometrische und turbidimetrische Methoden, könnten jedoch potentiell vergleichbare Resultate in unterschiedlichen Laboren generieren.