bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient and rapid thin‐layer chromatography method for the identification of 32 dye substances in hair dye products
Authors: Zhu H. J. , Yang Y. W. , Zhu Y. 
Published: April 2014

SynopsisObjectiveThe use of dye substances in hair dye products has led to controversial public and scientific discussions about their impact on human health. This study aimed to explore a rapid method for identification of dye substances in hair dye products.MethodsThin layer chromatography (TLC) method was conducted in this study. We developed basic data of 32 dye substances by 4 developing solvents and 2 indicator sprays. The dye substances were identified by comparing the Rf values and colors between samples and reference substances.ResultsThirty samples were identified by the established method. 22 hair dye substances were detected in 16 formula known samples, 15 hair dye substances were detected in 14 formula unknown samples. Four laboratories participated in the validation and the results showed good interlaboratory reproducibility.ConclusionThe developed TLC method is simple, rapid, reliable and can be finely used for identification of dye substances in hair dye products.
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, an Australian cohort: clinical and investigative features
Authors: Salaria M. , Taylor J. , Bogwitz M. , Winship I. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimThe present study aims to describe the phenotypic features of patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) seen at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia, and to customise a protocol for surveillance of patients with HHT.MethodsThis is a retrospective study in a tertiary referral hospital of all patients referred to the Clinical Genetics Service between 2007 and 2011 with a suspected diagnosis of HHT. Data abstracted from patient clinical records were analysed for clinical features, types of HHT and genetic testing results where available.ResultsOur cohort comprising 40 females and 23 males patients was assessed using the Curacao criteria. Twenty‐two patients fulfilled the criteria for a definite diagnosis, 30 had a possible diagnosis, and 11 patients were assessed as unlikely to have HHT at the time of data analysis. Seventeen patients had pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (AVM), five had cerebral AVM, five had hepatic AVM, three had confirmed bowel telangiectasia, and one patient had a pancreatic AVM. Two female patients with HHT had complicated pregnancies during their follow up with us. Three families had mutations in the endoglin (ENG gene), three had mutations in the ACVRL1 gene, and two families had mutations in the SMAD4 gene.ConclusionHHT is a multisystemic disorder and needs involvement of a team with experience in managing patients with HHT.
Durations of Bone Consolidation and External Fixation After Distraction Osteogenesis in Dogs
Authors: Tuohy Joanne L. , Marcellin‐Little Denis J. , Griffith Emily H. 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of epidemiologic, surgical, and mechanical factors on the durations of bone consolidation and external fixation after distraction osteogenesis in dogs.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.Sample PopulationDogs (n = 115) that had corrective osteotomy with circular external fixation (CEF; n = 152)MethodsMedical and radiographic records (1992–2012) of dogs that had corrective osteotomies were reviewed. Putative variables included age, weight, gender, and breed. Surgery date, delay before distraction, rate and duration of distraction, mechanical complications, and frame removal date were recorded. Radiographic data included bone operated, bone length, osteotomy site, bone and limb size at osteotomy site, distraction distance, and CEF frame size and stiffness.ResultsMean ± SD bone consolidation period was 56 ± 33 days. Mean duration of external fixation was 77 ± 35 days. Twelve fixation failures occurred. Radii healed faster than tibiae (P < .001). Failure of fixation (P = .002) and stiff frames (P = .033) increased duration of bone consolidation. For the tibia, durations of bone consolidation and external fixation decreased with larger bone size relative to limb size (P = .004). For the radius, bone consolidation duration decreased as distraction amount increased (P = .03).ConclusionRadii healed faster than tibiae. Wearing frames with low or moderate stiffness, the absence of mechanical complications, a larger distraction distance, and a larger bone size accelerated bone consolidation. Optimizing these factors should accelerate bone consolidation and reduce the duration of external fixation.
Urethral Prolapse in Dogs: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Carr Jennifer G. , Tobias Karen M. , Smith Laura 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the signalment, clinical signs, treatment, and outcome of dogs with urethral prolapse and identify risk factors associated with prolapse or treatment.Study DesignRetrospective case series.AnimalsDogs (n = 48) with urethral prolapse.MethodsMedical records (May 1995–June 2010) from 2 referral centers were reviewed. Retrieved data included signalment, clinical signs, laboratory findings, treatment, complications, results of long‐term follow‐up. Records from Veterinary Medical Data Base (VMDB) were evaluated to determine odds ratios.ResultsOdds ratio for urethral prolapse in English bulldogs compared to all breeds was 366.99 (95% CI: 265.83, 506.65). Of 48 affected dogs, 46 had either resection and anastomosis (43 dogs) or urethropexy (3 dogs). The most common early postoperative complication was hemorrhage (39%); postoperative hemorrhage was less common when a simple continuous pattern was used for resection and anastomosis. Prolapse recurred in 57% of dogs available for long‐term follow‐up; recurrence was less common in dogs that were administered postoperative butorphanol or acepromazine. Gender was not associated with urethral prolapse or postoperative complications.ConclusionsUrethral prolapse occurs most commonly in English bulldogs. Postoperative hemorrhage and prolapse recurrence may be reduced with use of a simple continuous pattern for urethral anastomosis and by administration of postoperative sedation, respectively. Castration status did not appear to affect prolapse development or outcome.
Evaluation ofIn VivoBehavior of Ameroid Ring Constrictors in Dogs with Congenital Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Hunt Geraldine B. , Culp William T. N. , Mayhew Kelli N. , Mayhew Philipp , Steffey Michele A. , Zwingenberger Allison 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate thein vivopattern of ameroid constrictor closure of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs.Study DesignProspective study.AnimalsDogs (n = 22) with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts.MethodsContrast‐enhanced computed tomography was performed immediately before, and at least 8 weeks after placement of ameroid ring constrictors. Plastic‐encased ameroid constrictors were used in 17 dogs and metal constrictors in 5 dogs. Presence of residual flow through the portosystemic shunt, additional anomalous vessels, acquired shunts and soft tissue associated with the ameroid constrictor was recorded. Postoperative internal diameter was recorded for the 17 plastic constrictors. Correlations between internal diameter and pre‐ and postoperative serum protein concentration were analyzed.ResultsNo ameroid constrictor closed completely: shunt occlusion was always dependent on soft tissue within the ameroid ring. Residual flow through the shunt was present in 4 dogs (18%), although this caused persistent elevation of shunt fraction in only 1 dog (dog 8). The change in ameroid constrictor internal diameter was not significantly correlated with serum protein concentration.ConclusionsComplete shunt occlusion after AC placement is usually dependent on soft tissue reaction. Ameroid constrictors ≥5 mm diameter may not promote complete shunt occlusion.
A multicentre, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial establishing the treatment effect of TDT 068, a topical formulation containing drug‐free ultra‐deformable phospholipid vesicles, on the primary features of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea
Authors: Luger T. , Peukert N. , Rother M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundRosacea subtype 1 (erythematotelangiectatic) is an inflammatory skin disease with limited treatment options. TDT 068, a topical drug‐free gel containing ultra‐deformable Sequessome vesicles, is registered for use in inflammatory skin conditions, but has not been investigated in rosacea.ObjectiveThis postmarketing study aimed to substantiate the effects of TDT 068 in rosacea subtype 1.MethodsPatients aged 18–85 scoring 6–15/30 for the primary and secondary features of the rosacea standard grading system (RSGS) were enrolled. Following stratification (four females/one male) patients were randomized (2:1) to receive TDT 068 or vehicle gel for 4 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated using the patient‐rated rosacea‐specific quality of life (R‐QOL) instrument and investigator‐rated RSGS. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored throughout.ResultsOf the 61 randomized patients, 58 were eligible for the full analysis set per protocol. Baseline characteristics were balanced across the groups. R‐QOL symptom construct scores improved slightly from baseline to Week 4 in both groups (−0.04 ± 0.51 TDT 068 vs. −0.22 ± 0.59 vehicle; P = 0.1990). Changes in R‐QOL total, function and emotion construct scores at Week 4 were similar with TDT 068 and vehicle, but TDT 068 yielded numerically greater increases in total RSGS scores (–1.55 ± 1.83 vs. –0.75 ± 2.38 vehicle; P = 0.105). Non‐transient erythema improved significantly with TDT 068 at Week 4 (–0.34 ± 0.63 vs. –0.05 ± 0.51 vehicle; P = 0.044), with ≥1 grade improvement in 35% of patients (vs. 15% vehicle; P = 0.039). Numerically greater improvements in transient erythema and telangiectasia were also seen with TDT 068. Three treatment‐related AEs were reported but no serious AEs occurred.ConclusionThese data, based on investigator assessment, provide evidence for the good tolerability of drug‐free TDT 068 as well as modest improvements in the symptoms of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea.
Sleep disturbances, anxiety and depression in patients with oral lichen planus: a case–control study
Authors: Adamo D. , Ruoppo E. , Leuci S. , Aria M. , Amato M. , Mignogna M.D. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe psychological factors and their association with chronic inflammatory disease, aren't well recognized, yet their importance in oral lichen planus is still debated.AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression and their association in patient with oral lichen planus.Materials and methods50 patients with oral lichen planus vs. equal number of age and sex‐matched healthy controls were enrolled. Questionnaires examining insomnia symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness (Pittsburgh sleep quality index and Epworth aleepiness scale) depression and anxiety (The Hamilton rating scale for Depression and Anxiety) were used.ResultsThe patients with oral lichen planus had statistically higher scores in all items of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, the Hamilton rating scale for depression and anxiety and Epworth sleepiness scale than the healthy controls. The median and inter‐quartile range of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index was 5‐2 and for the oral lichen planus patients and 4‐2 for the healthy controls (P < 0.011). In the study group, a depressed mood and anxiety correlated positively with sleep disturbances. The Pearson correlations were 0.76 for Pittsburgh sleep quality Index vs. Hamilton rating scale for depression (P < 0.001) and 0.77 for Pittsburgh sleep quality Index vs. Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (P < 0.001).DiscussionOral lichen planus patients report a greater degree of sleep problems, depressed mood and anxiety as compared with controls.ConclusionWe suggest to screen sleep disturbances in patients with oral lichen planus because they could be considered a prodromal symptoms of mood disorders.
Dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy of pigmented actinic keratoses: a morphological study
Authors: Moscarella E. , Rabinovitz H. , Zalaudek I. , Piana S. , Stanganelli I. , Oliviero M. C. , Lallas A. , Ardigo M. , Cota C. , Catricalà C. , Mazzoni L. , Pellacani G. , Argenziano G. , Longo C. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundActinic keratoses (AKs) are very common lesions on sun damaged skin and, when pigmented, represent a challenge in the differential diagnosis with early melanoma. Non‐invasive diagnostic methods, such as dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) have been shown to improve the diagnostic accuracy of melanoma and non‐melanoma skin cancer, however, only one case report described confocal findings of pigmented AKs up to now.ObjectivesThe aim of our retrospective morphological study was to analyse dermoscopic and confocal images of a series of histopathologically proven pigmented AKs, located on the face and other body sites, to define peculiar features of these “difficult to diagnose” lesions.MethodsClinical, dermoscopic and RCM images of 17 histopathologically confirmed pigmented AKs were retrospectively collected from the databases of four skin lesion clinics in Italy and USA. Dermoscopic and RCM images were analysed for prevalent morphological features.ResultsThe majority of the lesions were located on the face (n = 8); followed by scalp (n = 4) and trunk (n = 4); and one lesion was located on the lower limbs. On dermoscopy the majority of lesions were characterized by grey dots/globules/granularity and structureless brown pigmentation. The main RCM feature of pigmented AKs was as follows: (i) the presence of epidermal changes (atypical keratinocytes, parakeratosis, scaling); (ii) increased epidermal thickness; (iii) bright, small, dermal papillae with enlarged interpapillary space; and (iv) intraepidermal dendritic cells referrable to Langherans cells. Features suggestive of melanocytic lesions, such as nesting, meshwork pattern or atypical cells infiltrating the junction, were never detected in our case series at the dermal epidermal junction (DEJ) level.ConclusionLarger case series with adequate control population are warranted to validate these findings and to test their value in clinical setting.
Merging Limited Perspectives
Authors: Guenther Edeltraud M. , Hoppe Holger 
Published: April 2014

SummaryFor almost 40 years, the relationship between corporate environmental performance (CEP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) has been analyzed in hundreds of empirical studies without yielding conclusive results. A major reason for this unsatisfying situation is the use of different measurement and theoretical approaches. Our article provides a literature review of existing measurement approaches for CEP and CFP as well as an examination of available theories and factors regarding the causal relation, direction, and potential moderators and mediators of the CEP‐CFP relationship. In essence, we provide a synopsis by mapping not only the varying measurement approaches, but also the limited perspectives of the theories and factors about the relationship. With this synopsis, we aim to enhance the design of future studies through a metamodel that merges the limited perspectives of the theories and the factors on the CEP‐CFP link.
Exploration of presence/absence variation and corresponding polymorphic markers in soybean genome
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Lu Jiangjie , Chen Shouyi , Shu Liping , Palmer Reid G. , Xing Guangnan , Li Yan , Yang Shouping , Yu Deyue , Zhao Tuanjie , Gai Junyi 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis study was designed to reveal the genome‐wide distribution of presence/absence variation (PAV) and to establish a database of polymorphic PAV markers in soybean. The 33 soybean whole‐genome sequences were compared to each other with that of Williams 82 as a reference genome. A total of 33,127 PAVs were detected and 28,912 PAV markers with their primer sequences were designed as the database NJAUSoyPAV_1.0. The PAVs scattered on whole genome while only 518 (1.8%) overlapped with simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in BARCSOYSSR_1.0 database. In a random sample of 800 PAVs, 713 (89.13%) showed polymorphism among the 12 differential genotypes. Using 126 PAVs and 108 SSRs to test a Chinese soybean germplasm collection composed of 828 Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc. and Glycine max (L.) Merr. accessions, the per locus allele number and its variation appeared less in PAVs than in SSRs. The distinctness among alleles/bands of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) products showed better in PAVs than in SSRs, potential in accurate marker‐assisted allele selection. The association mapping results showed SSR + PAV was more powerful than any single marker systems. The NJAUSoyPAV_1.0 database has enriched the source of PCR markers, and may fit the materials with a range of per locus allele numbers, if jointly used with SSR markers.
The desire to survive: The adaptation process of adult cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy
Authors: Chao Yu Huan , Wang Shou‐Yu , Hsu Tsui Hua , Wang Kai Wei K. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAimRadiotherapy is one of the primary treatment strategies for cancer. However, patients not only deal with the side‐effects of radiotherapy, but they must also endure the psychological distress caused by cancer. This study explores how cancer patients adapt to the treatment process when receiving radiotherapy.MethodsThis study used a grounded theory approach, and eight in‐depth interviews were conducted with newly diagnosed cancer patients who received radiotherapy as a primary treatment.ResultsThe core category that emerged from this study was “the desire to survive”. The categories and subcategories that emerged from the data include facing unknown situations (e.g. searching for relevant information and decision‐making considerations, and listening to healthcare professionals' suggestions), experiencing the pain of treatment (e.g. tolerating side‐effects, tolerating inconvenience during the treatment, accepting support during the treatment, and adjusting lifestyles), and chances to extend life (e.g. accepting fate, determination to undergo the treatment, and adjusting negative emotions).ConclusionThe study results provide a better understanding of the experiences of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Healthcare professionals should provide effective medical management for side‐effects and psychological support to cancer patients during the journey of radiotherapy.
Health Education Needs of Incarcerated Women
Authors: Dinkel Shirley , Schmidt Katie 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPurposeThis study identifies the healthcare education needs of incarcerated women in a state corrections facility.MethodsThis was a naturalistic qualitative study. Focus groups included two groups of adult women incarcerated in a state corrections facility. One group consisted of women housed in maximum security, and one group consisted of women housed in medium security. Data were analyzed using a constant comparison approach.FindingsThree guiding questions provided the foundation for the identified themes. Themes included six healthcare education topics important to incarcerated women and three related to health education strategies best suited for incarcerated women.ConclusionsTrust, respect and empowerment are key concepts in educating incarcerated women about their personal health and health of their families.Clinical RelevanceWith over 200,000 women incarcerated in the United States today, creating policies and practices that focus on the healthcare education needs of women that are woman focused may enhance knowledge and skills and may ultimately lead to reduced recidivism.
Early Recovery Experience of Patients With Injury in Taiwan
Authors: Chou Pi‐Ling , Chien Chi‐Sheng , Lee Bih‐O , Bai Yu‐Ling , Hung Chang‐Chiao 
Published: April 2014

AbstractPurposeTo fill out the gaps in the existing research on the early recovery experiences of patients who have suffered moderate to severe injuries.DesignExploratory phenomenology was applied in this study.MethodsData were collected at a hospital in Taiwan from a purposive sample of 14 participants who were interviewed before hospital discharge. Semi‐structured and audio‐taped interviews were conducted. Colaizzi's methods were applied to analyze data. Four criteria were applied to establish the rigors of this study.FindingsThe patients expressed that during the early stages following their injury, several aspects of the traumatic event caused them concern. Six themes were delineated: “experience of acute pain after the injury,” “inability to fulfill daily needs,” “concerns with impacts caused by the injury,” “perceiving that time is needed to recover,” “applying multiple methods to restore one's health,” and “perceiving fate as the cause of the accident.”ConclusionsThe findings identify that injuries bring several problems for patients. Some culture‐related issues such as Chinese diets, Chinese medicine, and karmic causation have emerged. Clinicians should better understand patient care needs in the early stages of recovery after an injury.Clinical RelevanceFindings from this study could lead to new interventions, and finally improve care outcomes for patients with injuries.
Wildcat population density on theEtna volcano,Italy: a comparison of density estimation methods
Authors: Anile S. , Ragni B. , Randi E. , Mattucci F. , Rovero F. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractTheEuropean wildcat is an elusive felid that is declining across its range.Sicily hosts a distinctive insular wildcat population, the conservation of which requires much better ecological knowledge than is currently available, particularly population density. We simultaneously used two noninvasive methods (camera‐trapping and scat‐collection) to estimate the population density of wildcats on theEtna volcano. We conducted genetic analyses to identify individuals and to detect potential hybridization with the domestic cat. We analyzed individual capture‐histories from camera‐trapping and scat‐collection using the spatially explicit capture‐recapture (SECR) model. Furthermore, we applied the random encounter model (REM), which does not require individual identification, to the camera‐trapping data. We identified 14 wildcats from 70 photographic detections (6.48 detections/100 trap‐days) obtained from 1080 camera‐trapping days over 4 months, and we estimated to have identified all the individuals living in the study area (10.9 km−2). On the contrary, we identified 10 wildcats from 14 out of 39 scats collected from 391 km of transects walked. The estimated densities (individuals km−2 ± se) were 0.32 ± 0.1 (SECRcamera‐trapping), 1.36 ± 0.73 (SECRscat‐collection) and 0.39 ± 0.03 (REM). The population density estimates obtained fromSECRcamera‐trapping andREMoverlapped, although we recommend care when applying the latter. TheSECRscat‐collection gave the highest population density (and less precise) estimates because of the low number of capture and recaptures; however, the population size estimated with this method matched the number of individuals photographed. The population density of the wildcat inEtna falls in the medium‐high range of those reported in literature, highlighting the role of this ecosystem for the long‐term conservation of the wildcat inSicily. Camera‐trapping is confirmed as a useful tool to assess the wildcat population density and, in this case, was complemented by the genetic analysis that confirmed individual identity.