bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Needlesticks and Sharp Injuries Among Healthcare Workers of Hospital in Bule Hora, West Guji Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Aliyo Alqeer , Gemechu Tibeso 
Published: August 2024

Background: Healthcare workers face a significant risk of sharp and needle-stick injuries, which can increase the likelihood of spreading illnesses like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Currently, there is no available information on the prevalence or contributing factors of needle sticks and sharp injuries (NSSI) in hospitals in southern Ethiopia. Objective: This study aimed to assess the needle sticks and sharp injuries among health care workers at the BHUTH, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted at an institution in October 2023, with 164 randomly selected participants. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on sociodemographic factors and exposure status. The data was entered and analyzed using Epi-Data and SPSS. The risk factors were identified by binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A P-value less than .05 was considered statistical significance. Result: The overall prevalence of at least one Needle sticks and sharp injuries in the last 12 months was 46.4% (95% CI of 39.3% to 53.6%). The majority of injuries 45.8% were due to the syringe needle. Factors such as needle recap (AOR = 3.73, 95% CI: 1.07-12.19), Recapping with two hands (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.36-10.02), working 40 hours per week (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 0.98-6.86), and lack of training in occupational safety practices (AOR = 4.01, 95% CI: 2.60-9.91), were factors significantly associated with the prevalence of needle stick and sharp injuries. Conclusions: This study found that nearly half of the respondents experienced a sharp needle poke and injury at least once in the previous year; however, the volume of NSSI remains high in the study area. Healthcare workers should receive on-the-job training, and hospital executives should set aside time for discussions on how to solve the problem.
Predictors of non-completion of upper secondary education in Finland based on register data
Authors: Raisamo Susanna , Pasanen Tytti , Hilli Petri , Ståhl Timo 
Published: August 2024

Aims: School non-completion is a public health and educational concern in most countries. This study sought to identify the strongest predictors of the non-completion of upper secondary education based on register data. Methods: A cross-validated elastic net regression analysis was used to predict school non-completion in a population of 2696 students in the city of Jyväskylä, Finland. The register data included data from the primary social and healthcare register and the educational register. Results: The non-completion rate was 13.1% (13.4% for males, 12.8% for females). The non-completion of upper secondary education was best predicted by the following seven features (ordered from strongest to weakest): unauthorized absences (odds ratio (OR) = 2.27), out-of-home placement (OR = 2.23), average grade when leaving lower secondary education (OR = 0.73), an anxiety/depression diagnosis (OR = 1.43), visits to child guidance and family counselling centres (OR = 1.17), family poverty (OR = 1.11) and the grade point average in the 5th Grade (OR = 0.95). Conclusions: Register data can be utilized to find the strongest predictors of school non-completion. Predictors support multidisciplinary actions preventing non-completion by providing both early signals to target actions more specifically and indicators for monitoring the impact of preventative actions.
Effect of differences in proximal neck angles on biomechanics of abdominal aortic aneurysm based on fluid dynamics
Authors: Wang Yang-yi-jing , Chen Jie , Luo Dong-yang , Chen Hui , Deng Zhi-he , Chen Meng-zhi , Mi Si-yuan , Xie Qian-qian , Zou Qing-qing , Xiong Guo-zuo , Bi Guo-shan 
Published: August 2024

Background This study aimed to analyze the effect of proximal neck angulation on the biomechanical indices of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and to investigate its impact on the risk of AAA rupture. Methods CT angiography (CTA) data of patients with AAA from January 2015 to January 2022 were collected. Patients were divided into three groups based on the angle of the proximal neck: Group A (∠β ≤ 30°), Group B (30°<∠β ≤ 60°), and Group C (∠β > 60°). Biomechanical indices related to the rupture risk of AAA were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics modeling (CFD-Post) based on the collected data. Results Group A showed slight turbulence in the AAA lumen with a mixed laminar flow pattern. Group B had a regular low-speed eddy line characterized by cross-flow dominated by lumen blood flow and turbulence. In Group C, a few turbulent lines appeared at the proximal neck, accompanied by eddy currents in the lumen expansion area following the AAA shape. Significant differences were found in peak wall stress, shear stress, and the maximum blood flow velocity impact among the three groups. The maximum blood flow velocity at the angle of the proximal neck impact indicated the influence of the proximal neck angle on the blood flow state in the lumen. Conclusion As the angle of the proximal neck increased, it caused stronger eddy currents and turbulent blood flow due to a high-speed area near the neck. The region with the largest diameter in the abdominal aortic aneurysm was prone to the highest stress, indicating a higher risk of rupture. The corner of the proximal neck experienced the greatest shear stress, potentially leading to endothelial injury and further enlargement of the aneurysm.
A bite of death: Anaesthetic challenges in frostbite
Authors: Bansal Himanti , Bandyopadhyay Anjishnujit , Sawhney Chhavi 
Published: August 2024

Background: Frostbite is defined as tissue damage that is sustained as a result of prolonged exposures to less than 0°C resulting in ice crystallisation, microvascular occlusion and subsequently thrombosis. Case: A 33-year-old mountaineer with cold burn over 20% of the total body surface area with eschar formation, acute renal failure, upper limb venous thrombosis and bilateral pleural effusion. We hereby report a successful anaesthetic management of this patient undergoing debridement and escharotomy for frostbite injuries and review its perioperative concerns. Conclusion: Frostbite injuries pose a challenge to the anaesthetic team due to the multi-systemic nature of its involvement.
Is the impact of previous rotator cuff repair on the outcome of reverse shoulder arthroplasty clinically relevant? A systematic review of 2879 shoulders
Authors: Berk Alexander N , Rao Allison J , Obana Kyle K , Ifarraguerri Anna M , Trofa David P , Connor Patrick M , Schiffern Shadley C , Hamid Nady , Saltzman Bryan M 
Published: August 2024

Background Outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in patients with prior rotator cuff repair (RCR) remain inconsistent. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to systematically review the current outcomes literature on RSA in patients with prior RCR and to compare the results with controls without prior RCR. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed, and outcome studies reporting on functional and clinical outcomes were included. Results A total of 11 studies encompassing 2879 shoulders were included. Improvements in postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the baseline were higher in controls including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (47.0 vs 39.5), Simple Shoulder Test (6.0 vs 4.9), Constant score (32.6 vs 26.4), and Visual Analog Scale for pain (−5.6 vs −4.9). Improvement in range of motion was greater in the control group, including external rotation (17° vs 11°), anterior elevation (56° vs 43°), and abduction (52° vs 43°). The overall complication rate (8% vs 5%) and revision rate (3% vs 1%) were higher in the RCR group. Discussion Differences in postoperative PROs and improvement from the baseline demonstrate a trend toward lower outcomes in patients with prior RCR but may be below the minimal clinically import difference. Level of evidence IV; systematic review
Effect of femoral derotational osteotomy in patients with idiopathic increased femoral anteversion on joint loading and muscular demands
Authors: Alexander Nathalie , Cip Johannes , Brunner Reinald GH , De Pieri Enrico 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the effect of the femoral derotational osteotomy (FDRO) on joint kinematics, kinetics, joint and muscle forces, and muscle moments in patients with idiopathic increased femoral anteversion compared with typically developing children (TDC). Methods: In this retrospective study, 17 patients (25 limbs, 13.2 ± 2.2 years, femoral anteversion = 49.0° ± 7.1°) were compared to nine TDC (9 limbs, 12.0 ± 3.0 years, femoral anteversion = 18.7° ± 4.1°). Gait analysis was performed 8.5 ± 7.2 months pre-surgery and 17.3 ± 5.5 months post-surgery. Joint angles, moments and forces as well as muscle forces and muscle contributions to joint moments were analysed using statistical parametric mapping. Results: Significant improvements in kinematics (hip rotation, foot progression, knee and hip flexion) were observed pre- to post-FDRO. Joint forces remained unaltered after surgery and did not differ from TDC. Gluteus minimus and deep external rotators muscle forces decreased in mid-stance, while adductor muscle forces increased during stance post-op compared to pre-op. Due to an improved knee extension postoperatively, the rectus femoris muscle force decreased to normal values during mid- and terminal stance. Postoperatively, only the deep external rotator muscle forces differed from TDC. Conclusions: This study showed that FDRO can restore muscle forces and muscle contributions to joint moments in addition to normal gait kinematics, while joint contact forces remain within normative ranges. This knowledge might also apply to other conditions in which pathological femoral anteversion is present.
Military Family Physicians’ Readiness to Provide Gender-Affirming Care: A Serial Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Domalaon Kryls O. , Parsons Austin M. , Thornton Jennifer A. , Do Kent H. , Roberts Christina M. , Schvey Natasha A. , Klein David A. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Family physicians are increasingly more likely to encounter transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) patients requesting gender-affirming care. Given the significant health inequities faced by the TGD community, this study aimed to assess changes in military-affiliated clinicians’ perspectives toward gender-affirming care over time. Methods: Using a serial cross-sectional survey design of physicians at the 2016 and 2023 Uniformed Services Academy of Family Physicians conferences, we studied participants’ perception of, comfort with, and education on gender-affirming care using Fisher’s Exact tests and logistic regression. Results: Response rates were 68% (n = 180) and 69% (n = 386) in 2016 and 2023, respectively. Compared to 2016, clinicians in 2023 were significantly more likely to report receiving relevant education during training, providing care to >1 patient with gender dysphoria, and being able to provide nonjudgmental care. In 2023, 26% reported an unwillingness to prescribe gender-affirming hormones (GAH) to adults due to ethical concerns. In univariable analysis, female-identifying participants were more likely to report willingness to prescribe GAH (OR = 2.6, 95%CI = 1.7-4.1) than male-identifying participants. Willingness to prescribe was also associated with ≥4 h of education (OR = 2.2, 95%CI = 1.1-4.2) compared to those with fewer than 4 h, and those who reported the ability to provide nonjudgmental care compared to those who were neutral (OR = 0.09, 95%CI = 0.04-0.2) or disagreed (OR = 0.11, 95%CI = 0.03-0.39). Female-identifying clinicians were more likely to agree additional training would benefit their practice (OR = 5.3, 95%CI = 3.3-8.5). Conclusions: Although military-affiliated family physicians endorsed more experience with and willingness to provide nonjudgmental gender-affirming care in 2023 than 2016, profound gaps in patient experience may remain based on the assigned clinician. Additional training opportunities should be available, and clinicians unable to provide gender-affirming care should ensure timely referrals. Future research should explore trends across clinical specialties.
The Income Augmenting and Budget Tightening Impacts of Microfinance: Theory and Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Khan Wajid , Ullah Ikram , Shaorong Sun 
Published: August 2024

Since the institutionalization of microcredit as the flagship poverty alleviation program, its potential has been under constant scrutiny by practitioners and researchers. This article extends previous work by analyzing two issues: (a) whether microcredit has the potential to alleviate poverty and (b) whether the conclusion drawn from the first issue is sensitive to interest rate variations. We first theoretically show that there is reason to believe that microcredit has the potential to change the fortunes of poor communities. However, the direction of the change in fortunes is uncertain and depends on how costly microfinance institutions’ financial services are perceived by the poor. We then test these theoretical assertions against data collected from 568 individuals from Northern Pakistan. By comparing various sub-groups using Ordinary Least Square and Binary Logistic regression analysis, our results reveal that higher interest rates more than offset the positive effects of microcredit on clients’ income. We also discuss policy implications of the findings. JEL Classification: I30, G21, C61, E64.
The Extent to Which Technostress Is Related to Employees’ Work-Life Fit: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bottaro Rossella , De Giovanni Katya , Faraci Palmira 
Published: August 2024

Background: This multilevel meta-analytic review is designed to analyze and quantify the effect size of the association between technostress and work-life fit among employees. Method: By adhering to the PRISMA 2020 Statement, seven databases (i.e., PubMed, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, the Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, MEDLINE, Wiley Online Library, and Web of Science) were searched for studies reporting the association between technostress and work–life fit. Results: Out of the 476 articles that were screened, 7 met the established criteria and were subsequently included in this multilevel meta-analytic review. A majority of these studies highlighted the existence and intensity of the association between technostress and work-life fit, as evidenced by multiple Pearson’s r. Our findings supported a medium association (Cohen’s d = −0.41). Noteworthy differences were found when considering the interdependence of effect sizes within and between studies. Conclusion: The results of this multilevel meta-analytic review underscore the significance of understanding this association to inform optimal choices in terms of welfare policies and organizational decisions that promote employee well-being. This knowledge may serve as a scientific foundation for viewing new technologies not merely as hurdles but also as potential resources.
Crosstalk between SUMOylation and other post-translational modifications in breast cancer
Authors: Wei Bajin , Yang Fan , Yu Luyang , Qiu Cong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBreast cancer represents the most prevalent tumor type and a foremost cause of mortality among women globally. The complex pathophysiological processes of breast cancer tumorigenesis and progression are regulated by protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), which are triggered by different carcinogenic factors and signaling pathways, with small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMOylation) emerging as a particularly pivotal player in this context. Recent studies have demonstrated that SUMOylation does not act alone, but interacts with other PTMs, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and methylation, thereby leading to the regulation of various pathological activities in breast cancer. This review explores novel and existing mechanisms of crosstalk between SUMOylation and other PTMs. Typically, SUMOylation is regulated by phosphorylation to exert feedback control, while also modulates subsequent ubiquitination, acetylation, or methylation. The crosstalk pairs in promoting or inhibiting breast cancer are protein-specific and site-specific. In mechanism, alterations in amino acid side chain charges, protein conformations, or the occupation of specific sites at specific domains or sites underlie the complex crosstalk. In summary, this review centers on elucidating the crosstalk between SUMOylation and other PTMs in breast cancer oncogenesis and progression and discuss the molecular mechanisms contributing to these interactions, offering insights into their potential applications in facilitating novel treatments for breast cancer.
Less is more: CRISPR/Cas9-based mutations in DND1 gene enhance tomato resistance to powdery mildew with low fitness costs
Authors: Li Ruiling , Cui Lei , Martina Matteo , Bracuto Valentina , Meijer-Dekens Fien , Wolters Anne-Marie A. , Moglia Andrea , Bai Yuling , Acquadro Alberto 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPowdery mildew (PM), triggered by Oidium neolycopersici, represents a significant threat and a major concern for the productivity of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The presence of susceptibility (S) genes in plants facilitates pathogen proliferation and their dysfunction can lead to a recessively inherited broad-spectrum and durable type of resistance. Past studies have demonstrated that disrupting the function of DND1 (Defense No Death 1) increases plant resilience against various pathogens, such as powdery mildew (PM), but this comes at the cost of negatively affecting the overall health and vigor of the plant. To investigate the possibility of minimizing the adverse effects of the dnd1 mutation while boosting disease resistance, a CRISPR-Cas9 construct with four single guide RNAs targeting three exons of SlDND1 (Solyc02g088560.4.1) was designed and introduced into the tomato variety Moneymaker (MM) through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Three T1 lines (named E1, E3 and E4) were crossed with MM and then selfed to produce TF2 families. All the TF2 plants in homozygous state dnd1/dnd1, showed reduced PM symptoms compared to the heterozygous (DND1/dnd1) and wild type (DND1/DND1) ones. Two full knock-out (KO) mutant events (E1 and E4) encoding truncated DND1 proteins, exhibited clear dwarfness and auto-necrosis phenotypes, while mutant event E3 harbouring deletions of 3 amino acids, showed normal growth in height with less auto-necrotic spots. Analysis of the 3D structures of both the reference and the mutant proteins revealed significant conformational alterations in the protein derived from E3, potentially impacting its function. A dnd1/dnd1 TF2 line (TV181848-9, E3) underwent whole-genome sequencing using Illumina technology, which confirmed the absence of off-target mutations in selected genomic areas. Additionally, no traces of the Cas9 gene were detected, indicating its elimination through segregation. Our findings confirm the role of DND1 as an S-gene in tomato because impairment of this gene leads to a notable reduction in susceptibility to O. neolycopersici. Moreover, we provide, for the first time, a dnd1 mutant allele (E3) that exhibits fitness advantages in comparison with previously reported dnd1 mutant alleles, indicating a possible way to breed with dnd1 mutants.
The Defective in Autoregulation (DAR) gene of Medicago truncatula encodes a protein involved in regulating nodulation and arbuscular mycorrhiza
Authors: Schnabel Elise , Bashyal Sagar , Corbett Cameron , Kassaw Tessema , Nowak Stephen , Rosales-García Ramsés Alejandro , Noorai Rooksana E. , Müller Lena Maria , Frugoli Julia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Legumes utilize a long-distance signaling feedback pathway, termed Autoregulation of Nodulation (AON), to regulate the establishment and maintenance of their symbiosis with rhizobia. Several proteins key to this pathway have been discovered, but the AON pathway is not completely understood.

Results
We report a new hypernodulating mutant, defective in autoregulation, with disruption of a gene, DAR (Medtr2g450550/MtrunA17_Chr2g0304631), previously unknown to play a role in AON. The dar-1 mutant produces ten-fold more nodules than wild type, similar to AON mutants with disrupted SUNN gene function. As in sunn mutants, suppression of nodulation by CLE peptides MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 is abolished in dar. Furthermore, dar-1 also shows increased root length colonization by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, suggesting a role for DAR in autoregulation of mycorrhizal symbiosis (AOM). However, unlike SUNN which functions in the shoot to control nodulation, DAR functions in the root.

Conclusions

DAR encodes a membrane protein that is a member of a small protein family in M. truncatula. Our results suggest that DAR could be involved in the subcellular transport of signals involved in symbiosis regulation, but it is not upregulated during symbiosis. DAR gene family members are also present in Arabidopsis, lycophytes, mosses, and microalgae, suggesting the AON and AOM may use pathway components common to other plants, even those that do not undergo either symbiosis.
A deeper consideration of sex/gender in quantitative health research: a checklist for incorporating multidimensionality, variety, embodiment, and intersectionality throughout the whole research process
Authors: Hartig Christina , Horstmann Sophie , Jacke Katharina , Kraus Ute , Dandolo Lisa , Schneider Alexandra , Palm Kerstin , Bolte Gabriele 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a growing awareness of the need to adequately integrate sex and gender into health-related research. Although it is widely known that the entangled dimensions sex/gender are not comprehensively considered in most studies to date, current publications of conceptual considerations and guidelines often only give recommendations for certain stages of the research process and - to the best of our knowledge - there is a lack of a detailed guidance that accompanies each step of the entire research process. The interdisciplinary project “Integrating gender into environmental health research” (INGER) aimed to fill this gap by developing a comprehensive checklist that encourages sex/gender transformative research at all stages of the research process of quantitative health research. In the long term this contributes to a more sex/gender-equitable research.

Methods
The checklist builds on current guidelines on sex/gender in health-related research. Starting from important key documents, publications from disciplines involved in INGER were collected. Furthermore, we used a snowball method to include further relevant titles. The identification of relevant publications was continued until saturation was reached. 55 relevant publications published between 2000 and 2021 were identified, assessed, summarised and included in the developed checklist. After noticing that most publications did not cover every step of the research process and often considered sex/gender in a binary way, the recommendations were modified and enriched based on the authors’ expertise to cover every research step and to add further categories to the binary sex/gender categories.

Results
The checklist comprises 67 items in 15 sections for integrating sex/gender in quantitative health-related research and addresses aspects of the whole research process of planning, implementing and analysing quantitative health studies as well as aspects of appropriate language, communication of results to the scientific community and the public, and research team composition.

Conclusion
The developed comprehensive checklist goes beyond a binary consideration of sex/gender and thus enables sex/gender-transformative research. Although the project INGER focused on environmental health research, no aspects that were specific to this research area were identified in the checklist. The resulting comprehensive checklist can therefore be used in different quantitative health-related research fields.