bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of physical health parameters for inpatients on a child and adolescent mental health unit receiving regular antipsychotic therapy
Authors: Pasha Nida , Saeed Shoaib , Drewek Katherine 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPhysical health monitoring of patients receiving antipsychotics is vital. Overall it is estimated that individuals suffering with conditions like schizophrenia have a 20% shorter life expectancy than the average population, moreover antipsychotic use has been linked to a number of conditions including diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.[1-4]The severity of possible adverse effects to antipsychotics in adults has raised awareness of the importance of monitoring physical health in this population. However, there is little literature available as to the adverse effects of these medications in the child and adolescent community, which make physical health monitoring in this predominantly antipsychotic naïve population even more important.An expert group meeting in the UK has laid down recommendations in regards to screening and management of adult patients receiving antipsychotics, however no specific guidelines have been put in place for the child and adolescent age group.[5]The aim of this audit was to establish whether in-patients receiving antipsychotics had the following investigations pre-treatment and 12 weeks after treatment initiation: body mass index, hip-waist circumference, blood pressure, ECG, urea and electrolytes, full blood count, lipid profile, random glucose level, liver function test, and prolactin. This is in addition to a pre-treatment VTE risk assessment. These standards were derived from local trust guidelines, NICE guidelines on schizophrenia [6] and The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines.[7]We retrospectively reviewed 39 electronic case notes in total, of which 24 cases were post intervention. Intervention included the use of a prompting tool. This tool was filed in the physical health files of all patients receiving antipsychotics which was intended as a reminder to doctors regarding their patient’s need for physical health monitoring. Professionals involved in the monitoring of such parameters were educated in the importance and purpose of its use. Following this intervention re-audit occurred after 6 and 16 months of the initial audit to establish whether the use of the prompting tool caused any significant change in clinical practice.Overall performance in monitoring physical health parameters was initially poor, however we were able to demonstrate that with the help of a single prompt sheet there was a significant improvement following post intervention audit for the majority of parameters being monitored.
Integrated biostratigraphy and chemical stratigraphy in the development of a reservoir-scale stratigraphic framework for the Sea Lion Field area, North Falkland Basin
Authors: Holmes N. , Atkin D. , Mahdi S. , Ayress M. 
Published: June 2015

Application of a multidisciplinary stratigraphic approach has significantly improved understanding of the vertical and lateral distribution of reservoir sandstone bodies and associated sediment pathways of the Sea Lion Field in the North Falklands Basin (NFB). Bio- and chemical stratigraphy combine to provide a robust framework capable of providing subseismic resolution to sandstone layering within the lacustrine setting of the basin, as well as highlighting the geochemical link between the timing of sandstone deposition and specific sediment supply points. The Barremian–Aptian mudrocks that host the Sea Lion reservoirs are uniform deep-water, anoxic shales with limited regional, chronostratigraphic resolution. In the absence of marine planktonic groups and with the scarcity of age diagnostic taxa, use has been made of locally correlative bioevents that have provided resolution to characterize and correlate most of the Sea Lion reservoir units or to provide some further subdivision of seismically defined units.
Chemical stratigraphic analysis (X-ray fluorescence (XRF)) initially yielded a highly variable set of data that cross-correlated biostratigraphic and seismic data, indicating that the controls on elemental character were not primarily stratigraphically controlled. An innovative approach to interpretation is described that brings together stratigraphic and geographical geochemical variation, and, by accommodating diachroneity, has resulted in a detailed sequencing of the individual turbidite fan systems, from the perspective of evolving and migrating sediment supply points into the NFB. The use of geochemical data has also provided a basis for the subseismic resolution and subdivisions of sandstone units.
Use of Antihypertensive Medications Not Associated with Risk of Contralateral Breast Cancer among Women Diagnosed with Estrogen Receptor–Positive Invasive Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Lu , Malone Kathleen E. , Li Christopher I. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Background: Antihypertensive medications are widely used among adults in the United States, and there is some evidence that certain classes may affect the risk of adverse breast cancer outcomes, but their impact on risk of second primary contralateral breast cancer (CBC) is unclear.
Methods: We used data from a population-based nested case–control study consisting of 359 women diagnosed with both a first primary breast cancer and a second primary CBC and 691 control women diagnosed with only a single breast cancer and individually matched to cases. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals for risks associated with ever, recency, and duration of use for various antihypertensive medications.
Results: No class of antihypertensive, including calcium channel blockers, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and diuretics, was associated with risk of second primary CBC. These results did not change materially in a sensitivity analysis restricted to women with a history of hypertension.
Conclusion: Our findings do not support associations between use of various antihypertensives and CBC risk among women with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer.
Impact: The present study adds evidence to support the safety of commonly used antihypertensive medications among breast cancer survivors with respect to risk of second primary CBC. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(9); 1423–6. ©2015 AACR.
Anticoagulation strategies for venous thromboembolism: moving towards a personalised approach
Authors: Cohen Alexander , Black Stephen 
Published: June 2015

SummaryFour non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have now been evaluated in clinical trials, providing new therapeutic options for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Recent position statements call for a move towards tailored recommendations for the treatment of VTE, to better define in whom and under what conditions a particular anticoagulant may improve clinical outcomes. Here we review the phase III data on NOAC trials for the treatment of VTE, assessing the favourability of agents for particular patient subgroups and aetiologies. Where the data permit, individualised risks of recurrent VTE events and bleeding are presented.
Atheroprotective role of C5ar2 deficiency in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
Authors: Selle Jaco , Asare Yaw , Köhncke Janine , Alampour-Rajabi Setareh , Shagdarsuren Gansuvd , Klos Andreas , Weber Christian , Jankowski Joachim , Shagdarsuren Erdenechimeg 
Published: June 2015

SummaryAtherogenic processes and vascular remodelling after arterial injury are controlled and driven by a plethora of factors amongst which the activation of the complement system is pivotal. Recently, we reported a clear correlation between high expressions of the second receptor for complement anaphylatoxin C5a, the C5a receptor-like 2 (C5L2, C5aR2), with high pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques. This prompted us to speculate that C5aR2 might have a functional role in atherosclerosis. We, therefore, investigated the role of C5aR2 in atherosclerosis and vascular remodelling. Here, we demonstrate that C5ar2 deletion, in atherosclerosis-prone mice, attenuates atherosclerotic as well as neointimal plaque formation, reduces macrophages and CD3+ T cells and induces features of plaque stability, as analysed by histomorphometry and quantitative immunohistochemistry. As a possible underlying mechanism, C5ar2-deficient plaques showed significantly reduced expression of C5a receptor (C5ar1), Tnf-α as well as Vcam-1, as determined by qPCR and quantitative immunohistochemistry. In addition, in vitro mechanistic studies revealed a reduction of these pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic mediators in C5ar2-deficient macrophages. Finally, blocking C5ar1 with antagonist JPE1375, in C5ar2-/-/Apoe-/- mice, led to a further reduction in neointimal plaque formation with reduced inflammation. In conclusion, C5ar2 deficiency attenuates atherosclerosis and neointimal plaque formation after arterial injury. This identifies C5aR2 as a promising target to reduce atherosclerosis and restenosis after vascular interventions.The review process for this paper was fully handled by Gregory Y. H. Lip, Editor in Chief.
Predictors of Airway Intervention in Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitor–Induced Angioedema
Authors: Kieu Monica Chau Q. , Bangiyev John N. , Thottam Prasad John , Levy Phillip D. 
Published: June 2015

ObjectivesIdentify factors associated with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor–induced angioedema (AIIA), including (1) time of presentation, (2) clinical symptoms, and (3) anatomical regions in the head and neck, that may indicate need for airway intervention.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingThree university tertiary care hospitals.Subjects and MethodsMedical records of adult patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) diagnosed with AIIA within a 3‐year period were reviewed. Time at presentation, presenting symptoms, physical examination findings, treatment, length of hospitalization, and outcomes were examined. Univariate analysis was performed.Results311 patients were diagnosed with AIIA and evaluated with flexible laryngoscopy by an otolaryngologist. Patients requiring airway intervention most often presented within 4 hours of onset. Dysphagia, dysphonia, drooling, respiratory distress, and globus sensation were associated with airway intervention (χ2 range, 9.1‐47.1). Patients with edema of the face, lower lip, and upper lip were at low risk for airway intervention (odds ratio = 0.4, 0.3, and 0.4, respectively; all P values <.05), while those with involvement of the tongue, soft palate, vallecula, aryepiglottic folds, and true vocal cords were associated with highest risk (odds ratio = 11.1, 12.3, 9.9, 8.5, and 33.5, respectively; all P values <. 001).ConclusionThis is the largest patient series to date of AIIA patients evaluated with flexible laryngoscopy. Physicians should be aware of certain risk factors that will require a higher acuity level of care, including (1) presentation within 4 hours of symptom onset, (2) symptoms such as drooling and respiratory distress, (3) and involvement of the tongue, soft palate, and larynx.
Dysregulated Macrophages Are Present in Bleomycin‐Induced Murine Laryngotracheal Stenosis
Authors: Hillel Alexander T. , Samad Idris , Ma Garret , Ding Dacheng , Sadtler Kaitlyn , Powell Jonathan D. , Lane Andrew P. , Horton Maureen R. 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveTo define the inflammatory cell infiltrate preceding fibrosis in a laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) murine model.Study DesignProspective controlled murine study.SettingLaboratory.Subjects and MethodsChemomechanical injury mice (n = 44) sustained bleomycin‐coated wire‐brush injury to the laryngotracheal complex while mechanical injury controls (n = 42) underwent phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS)–coated wire‐brush injury. Mock surgery controls (n = 34) underwent anterior transcervical tracheal exposure only. Inflammatory and fibrosis protein and gene expression were assessed in each condition. Immunohistochemistry served as a secondary outcome.ResultsIn chemomechanical injury mice, there was an upregulation of collagen I (P <. 0001, P <. 0001), Tgf‐β (P =. 0023, P =. 0008), and elastin (P <. 0001, P <. 0001) on day 7; acute inflammatory gene Il1β (P =. 0027, P =. 0008) on day 1; and macrophage gene CD11b (P =. 0026, P =. 0033) on day 1 vs mechanical and mock controls, respectively. M1 marker inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression decreased (P =. 0014) while M2 marker Arg1 (P =. 0002) increased on day 7 compared with mechanical controls. Flow cytometry demonstrated increased macrophages (P =. 0058, day 4) and M1 macrophages (P =. 0148, day 4; P =. 0343, day 7; P =. 0229, day 10) compared to mock controls. There were similarities between chemomechanical and mechanical injury mice with an increase in M2 macrophages at day 10 (P =. 0196).ConclusionsThe bleomycin‐induced LTS mouse model demonstrated increased macrophages involved with the development of fibrosis. Macrophage immunophenotype suggested that dysregulated M2 macrophages have a role in abnormal laryngotracheal wound healing. These data delineate inflammatory cells and signaling pathways in LTS that may potentially be modulated to lessen fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition.
Mortality after distal radial fractures in the Medicare population
Authors: Shauver M. J. , Zhong L. , Chung K. C. 
Published: June 2015

The occurrence of a low energy fracture of the distal radius increases the risk for another, more serious fracture, such as a proximal femoral fracture. Early mortality after a proximal femoral fracture has been widely studied, but the association between a distal radial fracture and mortality is unknown. The date of death for all Medicare beneficiaries who sustained an isolated distal radial fracture in 2007 was determined using Medicare Vital Statistics files. The adjusted mortality rate for each age–sex group was calculated and compared with published US mortality tables. Distal radial fractures were not associated with an increased mortality rate. In fact, beneficiaries had a significantly lower mortality rate after distal radial fractures than the general population. This may be related to the injured beneficiaries’ involvement in the healthcare system. Mortality rate did not vary significantly based on time from injury. Our results indicate that any mortality is unlikely to be attributable to the distal radial fracture or its treatment. Level of Evidence: III
Genomic prediction of genetic merit using LD-based haplotypes in the Nordic Holstein population
Authors: Cuyabano Beatriz CD , Su Guosheng , Lund Mogens S 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
A haplotype approach to genomic prediction using high density data in dairy cattle as an alternative to single-marker methods is presented. With the assumption that haplotypes are in stronger linkage disequilibrium (LD) with quantitative trait loci (QTL) than single markers, this study focuses on the use of haplotype blocks (haploblocks) as explanatory variables for genomic prediction. Haploblocks were built based on the LD between markers, which allowed variable reduction. The haploblocks were then used to predict three economically important traits (milk protein, fertility and mastitis) in the Nordic Holstein population.

Results
The haploblock approach improved prediction accuracy compared with the commonly used individual single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach. Furthermore, using an average LD threshold to define the haploblocks (L
D≥0.45 between any two markers) increased the prediction accuracies for all three traits, although the improvement was most significant for milk protein (up to 3.1 % improvement in prediction accuracy, compared with the individual SNP approach). Hotelling’s t-tests were performed, confirming the improvement in prediction accuracy for milk protein. Because the phenotypic values were in the form of de-regressed proofs, the improved accuracy for milk protein may be due to higher reliability of the data for this trait compared with the reliability of the mastitis and fertility data. Comparisons between best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) and Bayesian mixture models also indicated that the Bayesian model produced the most accurate predictions in every scenario for the milk protein trait, and in some scenarios for fertility.

Conclusions
The haploblock approach to genomic prediction is a promising method for genomic selection in animal breeding. Building haploblocks based on LD reduced the number of variables without the loss of information. This method may play an important role in the future genomic prediction involving while genome sequences.
Magnetic In
x
Ga1 - xN nanowires at room temperature using Cu dopant and annealing
Authors: Park Youn Ho , Ha Ryong , Park Tea-Eon , Kim Sung Wook , Seo Dongjea , Choi Heon-Jin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Single-crystal, Cu-doped In
x
Ga1 - x
N nanowires were grown on GaN/Al2O3 substrates via a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism using Ni/Au bi-catalysts. The typical diameter of the Cu:In
x
Ga1 - x
N nanowires was 80 to 150 nm, with a typical length of hundreds of micrometers. The as-grown nanowires exhibited diamagnetism. After annealing, the nanowires exhibited ferromagnetism with saturation magnetic moments higher than 0.8 μB (1 μB × 10-24 Am2) per Cu atom at room temperature by the measurements using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. X-ray absorption and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra at Cu L
2,3-edges indicated that the doped Cu had a local magnetic moment and that its electronic configuration was mainly 3d
9. It possessed a small trivalent component, and thus, the n-type behavior of electrical property is measured at room temperature.
CZTSe solar cells prepared by electrodeposition of Cu/Sn/Zn stack layer followed by selenization at low Se pressure
Authors: Yao Liyong , Ao Jianping , Jeng Ming-Jer , Bi Jinlian , Gao Shoushuai , He Qing , Zhou Zhiqiang , Sun Guozhong , Sun Yun , Chang Liann-Be , Chen Jian-Wun 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin films are prepared by the electrodeposition of stack copper/tin/zinc (Cu/Sn/Zn) precursors, followed by selenization with a tin source at a substrate temperature of 530°C. Three selenization processes were performed herein to study the effects of the source of tin on the quality of CZTSe thin films that are formed at low Se pressure. Much elemental Sn is lost from CZTSe thin films during selenization without a source of tin. The loss of Sn from CZTSe thin films in selenization was suppressed herein using a tin source at 400°C (A2) or 530°C (A3). A copper-poor and zinc-rich CZTSe absorber layer with Cu/Sn, Zn/Sn, Cu/(Zn + Sn), and Zn/(Cu + Zn + Sn) with metallic element ratios of 1.86, 1.24, 0.83, and 0.3, respectively, was obtained in a selenization with a tin source at 530°C. The crystallized CZTSe thin film exhibited an increasingly (112)-preferred orientation at higher tin selenide (SnSe
x
) partial pressure. The lack of any obvious Mo-Se phase-related diffraction peaks in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) diffraction patterns may have arisen from the low Se pressure in the selenization processes. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images reveal a compact surface morphology and a moderate grain size. CZTSe solar cells with an efficiency of 4.81% were produced by the low-cost fabrication process that is elucidated herein.
Statistical characteristics of reset switching in Cu/HfO2/Pt resistive switching memory
Authors: Zhang Meiyun , Long Shibing , Wang Guoming , Liu Ruoyu , Xu Xiaoxin , Li Yang , Xu Dinlin , Liu Qi , Lv Hangbing , Miranda Enrique , Suñé Jordi , Liu Ming 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A major challenge of resistive switching memory (resistive random access memory (RRAM)) for future application is how to reduce the fluctuation of the resistive switching parameters. In this letter, with a statistical methodology, we have systematically analyzed the reset statistics of the conductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) with a Cu/HfO2/Pt structure which displays bipolar switching property. The experimental observations show that the distributions of the reset voltage (V
reset) and reset current (I
reset) are greatly influenced by the initial on-state resistance (R
on) which is closely related to the size of the conductive filament (CF) before the reset process. The reset voltage increases and the current decreases with the on-state resistance, respectively, according to the scatter plots of the experimental data. Using resistance screening method, the statistical data of the reset voltage and current are decomposed into several ranges and the distributions of them in each range are analyzed by the Weibull model. Both the Weibull slopes of the reset voltage and current are demonstrated to be independent of the on-state resistance which indicates that no CF dissolution occurs before the reset point. The scale factor of the reset voltage increases with on-state resistance while that of the reset current decreases with it. These behaviors are fully in consistency with the thermal dissolution model, which gives an insight on the physical mechanism of the reset switching. Our work has provided an inspiration on effectively reducing the variation of the switching parameters of RRAM devices.
Junctionless ferroelectric field effect transistors based on ultrathin silicon nanomembranes
Authors: Cao Ronggen , Huang Gaoshan , Di Zengfeng , Zhu Guodong , Mei Yongfeng 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The paper reported the fabrication and operation of nonvolatile ferroelectric field effect transistors (FeFETs) with a top gate and top contact structure. Ultrathin Si nanomembranes without source and drain doping were used as the semiconducting layers whose electrical performance was modulated by the polarization of the ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] thin layer. FeFET devices exhibit both typical output property and obvious bistable operation. The hysteretic transfer characteristic was attributed to the electrical polarization of the ferroelectric layer which could be switched by a high enough gate voltage. FeFET devices demonstrated good memory performance and were expected to be used in both low power integrated circuit and flexible electronics.
A load-aware weighted round-robin algorithm for IEEE 802.16 networks
Authors: Saidu Ibrahim , Subramaniam Shamala , Jaafar Azmi , Zukarnain Zuriati Ahmad 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The IEEE 802.16 standard was designed to provide quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees for various classes of traffic with diverse QoS requirements. Packet-scheduling algorithms play a critical role in providing such guarantees. Weighted round robin (WRR) is one of the most commonly used scheduling algorithms, because of its simplicity and low computational overhead. However, it suffers from performance degradation under bursty traffic conditions because of the static weights used to determine packet transmissions. We propose a new packet-scheduling discipline for downlink traffic in 802.16 networks to improve performance in such situations. It dynamically determines the weight of each queue in the various classes based on the current traffic characteristics using the static WRR weight at the beginning of each base station round. The goal is not only to reduce the average delay and packet loss but also to improve average throughput. Simulations are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm load-aware weighted round robin (LAWRR), and show that it reduces average delay and packet loss, as well as it improves average throughput compared with WRR. The effectiveness of LAWRR running under fixed buffer sizes is also investigated.