bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture resistance, marginal and internal adaptation of innovative 3D‐printed graded structure crown using a 3D jet printing technology
Authors: Zandinejad Amirali , Zadeh Ramtin Sadid , Khanlar Leila Nasiry , Barmak Abdul Basir , Revilla‐León Marta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThis in vitro study aimed to create a graded structured dental crown using 3D printing technology and investigate the fracture resistance and the adaptation of this new design.Materials and MethodsA dental crown with a uniform thickness of 1.5 mm was designed, and the exported stereolithography file (STL) was used to manufacture 30 crowns in three groups (n = 10), solid (SC), bilayer (BL), and multilayer (ML) crowns using 3D jet printing technology. Marginal and internal gaps were measured using the silicone replica technique. Crowns were then luted to a resin die using a temporary luting agent and the fracture resistance was measured using a universal testing machine. One‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare the fracture resistance and the adaptation of crowns at a significance level of 0.05.ResultsMean marginal and internal gap of the ML group were 80 and 82 mm, respectively; which were significantly (p < 0.05) smaller than BL (203 and 183 mm) and SC (318 and 221 mm) groups. The SC group showed the highest mean load at fracture (2330 N) which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the BL (1716 N) and ML (1516 N) groups.Conclusion3D jet printing technology provides an opportunity to manufacture crowns in a graded structure with various mechanical properties. This study provided an example of graded structured crowns and presented their fracture resistance. SC group had the highest fracture resistance; however, ML had the best marginal and internal adaptation.
Mother–adolescent communication and father–adolescent communication: Analyzing a 4‐week family intervention using multi‐informant data
Authors: Yang Vevette J. H. , Bergman Kathleen N. , Cummings E. Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFamilies manage daily conflict through communication and healthy family communication is critical to promoting better family relationships and youth adjustment. Community families without high‐risk factors, such as domestic dispute or clinical problems, are no less affected by the ramifications of poor communication and conflict management. However, there is limited translational research on community families analyzing the changes in parent–adolescent communication quality. This study aimed to test whether a brief 4‐week family conflict intervention improved openness and problems in mother–adolescent (MA) and father–adolescent (DA) communication and whether mothers, fathers, and adolescents experienced the intervention effects differently. A total of 225 community families with adolescents were randomly assigned to either a parent–adolescent treatment condition (PA: n = 75), parent‐only treatment condition (PO: n = 75), or control condition (n = 75). Mother, father, and adolescent reports on parent–adolescent communication were analyzed from pretest through a 3‐year follow‐up assessment, over five waves. ANCOVA results indicated significant intervention effects at posttest for mother‐reported openness in MA communication, youth‐reported openness in DA communication, and father‐reported problems in DA communication, for PA condition. No significant intervention effects were found for PO condition. Exploratory trajectory analysis revealed the necessity of testing both linear and nonlinear models to be able to best illustrate the 3‐year change trajectories of parent–adolescent communication quality. Resulting trajectories revealed interesting variations in longitudinal changes across three intervention conditions. The findings highlight the importance of involving fathers and adolescents in family intervention programs and the necessity of multi‐informant assessment to better clarify the interplay among different family members behind the intervention effects.
A review on protein utilization and its interactions with carbohydrate and lipid from a molecular perspective in aquaculture: An implication beyond growth
Authors: Desouky Hesham Eed , Sayed Nouran Mahmoud , Abasubong Kenneth Prudence , Zhang Ziping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe world's increasing need for protein faces challenges in aquaculture production. New applications and tools will need to be added at every stage of the manufacturing line to attain this expansion sustainably, safely, and effectively. Utilizing experimental methods to increase aquatic animal production has become more common as aquatic biotechnology has advanced. High‐throughput omics technologies have been introduced to address these issues, including transcriptomic, metabolomic, proteomic, and genomes. But it also faces many difficulties, like other food manufacturing industries. One of the best and most durable approaches to address these issues is probably to understand nutritional requirements and modify diet based on need. Molecular approaches are a subset of multiomics technology. Previously, most of the published work was devoted to the biochemical aspects of protein–lipid interactions in biological systems. In this review, we explore this idea and highlight various works that fall under the umbrella of nutrigenomics, with a particular emphasis on protein utilization and its interactions with carbohydrates and lipids.
The futuristic manifolds of REM sleep
Authors: Parrino Liborio , Rosenzweig Ivana 
Published: June 2024

SummarySince one of its first descriptions 70 years ago, rapid eye movement sleep has continually inspired and excited new generations of sleep researchers. Despite significant advancements in understanding its neurocircuitry, underlying mechanisms and microstates, many questions regarding its function, especially beyond the early neurodevelopment, remain unanswered. This opinion review delves into some of the unresolved issues in rapid eye movement sleep research, highlighting the ongoing need for comprehensive exploration in this fascinating field.
Romiplostim for treatment of thrombocytopenia in dogs: A retrospective assessment and clinical outcomes
Authors: Ryu Min‐Ok , Kim Jin‐Kyung , An Ju‐Hyun , Seo Kyoung‐Won , Oh Ye‐In , Youn Hwa‐Young 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRomiplostim, a thrombopoietin analog, is commonly used to treat immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia (ITP) in humans, but its use in dogs remains limited.ObjectivesEvaluate the effects and adverse events of romiplostim administration in dogs with thrombocytopenia caused by various underlying diseases.AnimalsForty‐two client‐owned dogs with naturally occurring thrombocytopenia at 2 referral animal hospitals.MethodsRetrospective, multi‐institutional analysis to evaluate the outcomes of romiplostim treatment in dogs.ResultsAmong the dogs treated with romiplostim, 27 experienced an increase in platelet count and 26 maintained a platelet count within the reference range. Platelet count improvement was observed in various conditions: primary ITP (90%, n = 18/20), pancytopenia of unknown etiology (42.9%, n = 3/7), chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia (50%, n = 3/6), babesiosis (100%, n = 1/1), radiotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia (0%, n = 0/1), and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (33.3%, n = 2/6). The median time for platelet recovery (>50 000/μL) after romiplostim administration was 4 days, and the median time for platelet count normalization was 7 days. Median hospitalization time for the improvement group (I) was 5 days. The survival‐to‐discharge rates were 85%, 40%, and 28.6% for dogs with primary ITP, secondary thrombocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia of unknown etiology, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRomiplostim is a well‐tolerated and promising treatment for primary ITP in dogs, suggesting its potential as a valuable therapeutic option for dogs with thrombocytopenia caused by various underlying conditions. These findings emphasize the need for further research to optimize romiplostim dosing and understand its role in treating secondary thrombocytopenia and pancytopenia of unknown etiology.
Effect of recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone on radioactive iodine uptake by thyroid carcinoma in dogs
Authors: Scheemaeker Stephanie , Peremans Kathelijne , Vandermeulen Eva , Duchateau Luc , Roggeman Tom , Daminet Sylvie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe high doses of radioiodine‐131 (131I) and, subsequently, the high radioactive burden for dog and environment warrants optimization of 131I therapy in dogs with thyroid carcinoma (TC).Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of a revised protocol with recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) on tumor radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) in dogs with TC.AnimalsNine client‐owned dogs diagnosed with TC.MethodsA prospective cross‐over study in which tumor RAIU was calculated and compared at 8 hours (8h‐RAIU) and 24 hours (24h‐RAIU) after injection of radioactive iodine‐123 (123I), once with and once without rhTSH (ie, 250 μg, IM, 24 and 12 hours before 123I) in each dog. Simultaneously, serum total thyroxine (TT4) and TSH were measured at baseline (T0), and 6 (T6), 12 (T12), 24 (T24), and 48 hours (T48) after the first rhTSH administration.ResultsTumor RAIU was significantly higher at 24 hours with rhTSH compared to no rhTSH (mean difference = 8.85%, 95% CI of [1.56; 16.14]; P = .03), while this was non‐significant at 8 hours (mean difference = 4.54%, 95% CI of [0.35; 8.73]; P = .05). A significant change of serum TT4 (median difference T24 − T0 = 35.86 nmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] = 15.74 nmol/L) and TSH (median difference T24 − T0 = 1.20 ng/mL, IQR = 1.55 ng/mL) concentrations occurred after administration of rhTSH (P < .001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRecombinant human TSH could optimize 131I treatment in dogs with TC by increasing tumor RAIU and thus 131I treatment efficacy.
Potential for extending the chloramphenicol dosing interval for canine urinary tract infections
Authors: KuKanich Kate S. , Anderson Elayna E. , Carcamo Tzic Astrid D. , KuKanich Butch 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCanine urinary excretion of chloramphenicol was evaluated to optimize a dosing protocol for treating urinary tract infections. Seven healthy male intact purpose‐bred Beagles and six healthy client‐owned dogs of various breeds each received a single oral 50 mg/kg dose of chloramphenicol. Urine was collected at baseline, and 6, 8, 12, and 24 h after chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol urine concentrations were measured and compared to the epidemiological cutoff value for E. coli (16 mcg/mL). At 8 h, mean chloramphenicol concentration from all dogs was 266.9 mcg/mL (90% CI 136.2–397.7 mcg/mL) but was lower in Beagles than client‐owned dogs. At 12 h, mean chloramphenicol concentration from all dogs was 111.0 mcg/mL (90% CI 36.9–185.0 mcg/mL) and was lower in Beagles (10.6 mcg/mL, 90% CI 1.4–19.8 mcg/mL) than client‐owned dogs (228.0 mcg/mL, 90% CI 103.0–353.1 mcg/mL). Urine half‐life was similar for all dogs (1.8–3.8 h). This justifies dosing chloramphenicol 50 mg/kg PO q 8 h. All client‐owned dogs additionally maintained concentrations well above 16 mcg/mL, for 12 h, suggesting that q 12‐h dosing might be appropriate for non‐Beagle dogs with susceptible lower urinary tract infections. A clinical trial in dogs with urinary tract infections is needed as well as further investigation into potential breed differences.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis: Prevalence and management of patent foramen ovale
Authors: Becchetti Chiara , De Nicola Stella , Gallo Camilla , Perricone Giovanni , Annoni Giuseppe , Solcia Marco , Musca Francesco , Alfonsi Angela , Morelli Francesco , Barbosa Fabiane , Brambillasca Pietro M. , Rampoldi Antonio , Airoldi Aldo , Belli Luca S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an established procedure for the treatment of several complications of portal hypertension (PH), including non‐neoplastic portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Selection criteria for TIPS in PVT are not yet well established. Despite anecdotal, cases of thromboembolic events from paradoxical embolism due to the presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) after TIPS placement have been reported in the literature. Therefore, we aimed at describing our experience in patients with non‐neoplastic splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) who underwent TIPS following PFO screening.MethodsWe conducted a single‐centre retrospective study, including consecutive patients who underwent TIPS for the complications of cirrhotic and non‐cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) and having SVT.ResultsOf 100 TIPS placed in patients with SVT, 85 patients were screened for PFO by bubble‐contrast transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with PFO being detected in 22 (26%) cases. PFO was more frequently detected in patients with non‐cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) (23% in the PFO group vs. 6% in those without PFO, p = .04) and cavernomatosis (46% in the PFO group vs. 19% in those without PFO, p = .008). Percutaneous closure was effectively performed in 11 (50%) after multidisciplinary evaluation of anatomical and clinical features. No major complications were observed following closure.ConclusionsPFO screening and treatment may be considered feasible for patients with SVT who undergo TIPS placement.
Prophylactic antibiotics in patients with alcohol‐associated hepatitis receiving steroids: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Quek Joo Wei E. , Loo Jing Hong , Jaroenlapnopparat Aunchalee , Jimenez Cesar , Al‐Karaghouli Mustafa , Vargas Victor , Arab Juan Pablo , Abraldes Juan G. , Wong Yu Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground & AimsThe benefits of prophylactic antibiotics in patients with alcohol‐associated hepatitis (AH) receiving steroids remain unclear. We aimed to assess the clinical impact of prophylactic antibiotics in AH patients receiving steroids.MethodsWe systematically reviewed four electronic databases from inception to 30 November 2023. Pooled estimates were analysed using random‐effects models. The primary outcome was 90‐day survival. Secondary outcomes included infection at days 30 and 90 days, hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), acute kidney injury (AKI), hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and drug‐related adverse events (AE). Trial sequential analyses were performed for the primary outcome of 90‐day mortality.ResultsWe screened 419 articles and included six eligible studies (four RCTs and two matched cohort studies) with a total of 510 patients. Compared to standard medical treatment (SMT), prophylactic antibiotics were associated with a lower risk of infection at 30 days (OR: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.20–0.59, I
2 = 0%), infection at 90 days (OR: 0.26, 95%CI: 0.10–0.67, I
2 = 0%) and a lower rate of HE (OR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.12–0.87, I
2 = 0%). However, prophylactic antibiotics did not improve 90‐day survival, sepsis‐related mortality, HRS, or AKI. The risks of drug‐related AE and fungal infections were similar in patients with AH who received prophylactic antibiotics or SMT. Using trial sequential analysis, the minimum sample size required to detect a 15% relative risk reduction in 90 days mortality with prophylactic antibiotics was 1171.ConclusionsIn hospitalized AH patients receiving steroid therapy, prophylactic antibiotics reduced the risk of infection and HE, but did not improve survival or prevent AKI compared to SMT.
Economic growth and Indian wealth‐income ratios in the long run: 1860–2018
Authors: Kumar Rishabh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents new series on the evolution of wealth‐income ratios in India. I construct a new macro‐history dataset, covering the period 1860–2018 and containing historical series on the composition and level of national wealth, national income, savings, investment and prices. These data show a gradual rise in India's national wealth‐to‐national income ratio (β = W/Y) since the mid‐twentieth century, with the main takeoff occurring around the end of the twentieth century. I ascribe this pattern to the steady increase in saving rates since independence which were themselves the consequence of income shifts in favor of higher saving sectors under India's mixed economy era. Prior to 1950, wealth‐income ratios fluctuated a lot on account of land prices and low economic growth. These series offer an alternative timeline of wealth concentration in the absence of long‐run distributional data. In colonial India, land was dominant in national wealth, and its ownership was concentrated. In recent decades the importance of capital and urban land—both also concentrated in ownership—has increased.
ICU nurses' practice and intention to implement early mobilization: A multi‐centre cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Wang Jiani , Shi Chenxi , Xiao Qian , Jia Yanrui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly mobilization (EM) is acknowledged for its safety and benefits in the recovery of critically ill patients, yet its implementation in intensive care units (ICU) remains inconsistently aligned with established guidelines. This discrepancy highlights a gap between theoretical endorsement and practical application. While barriers to EM have been extensively studied, the intentions and perceived practices of ICU nurses towards EM, especially in certain geographical regions, have not been adequately understood.AimThe objective of this study is to assess the perceptions, actual practices and intentions of ICU nurses regarding the implementation of EM for patients in the ICU setting.Study DesignA cross‐sectional, multi‐centre, survey‐based study.ResultsThe study collected data through an electronic questionnaire from 227 ICU nurses across eight hospitals in Beijing, China, concerning their experiences, practices and intentions related to EM. The survey response rate was 50% (114 of 227), indicating a moderate level of engagement by the target population. Among the surveyed participants, 68.7% (n = 156) reported having experience with EM for critically ill patients. Of these experienced nurses, 49.3% (n = 77) indicated they carried out EM less frequently than once per week, while only 29.5% (n = 46) reported dedicating more than 20 min to EM activities per patient. Only 24.2% (n = 55) of participants confirmed the presence of specific EM guidelines in their workplace. Notably, guideline adherence could be influenced by the patient's condition severity, which may affect how these protocols are applied. Notably, the approach and frequency of EM practices showed significant variation across different ICUs. A substantial majority (75%, n = 170) of participants expressed a strong intention towards implementing EM, correlating significantly with factors such as having a higher education level (bachelor's degree or higher), receiving departmental support, encountering fewer perceived barriers, and belonging to specific departments like respiratory (SICU) and surgery (RICU). The EM guidelines mentioned by participants were primarily focused on specific protocols and guidance, highlighting the emphasis on structured approaches to EM in their clinical settings.ConclusionsDespite the recognized experience with EM among ICU nurses, there is a notable divergence between their practices and the recommendations outlined in EM guidelines. This study underscores the need for the establishment of clear, actionable guidelines, alongside the provision of targeted educational programmes and robust support systems, to foster the consistent and effective implementation of EM in ICU settings.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study underscores the clinical relevance of EM in ICU settings, advocating for the development of precise EM guidelines to improve patient outcomes.
NAcM‐OPT protects keratinocytes from H2O2‐induced cell damage by promoting autophagy
Authors: Xiong Renxue , Shen Qingmei , Li Yujie , Jin Shiyu , Dong Tingru , Song Xiuzu , Guan Cuiping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the protective effect of NAcM‐OPT, a small molecule inhibitor of defective in cullin neddylation 1 (DCN1), on H2O2‐induced oxidative damage in keratinocytes. Immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were treated with NAcM‐OPT and exposed to oxidative stress. CCK‐8 assays were used to measure cell viability. The mGFP‐RFP‐LC3 dual fluorescent autophagy indicator system was utilized to evaluate changes in autophagic flux. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of the autophagy‐related proteins LC3 and Beclin 1. Keratinocytes were treated with the autophagy activator rapamycin, and HaCaT cell supernatant was added to PIG1 cells (immortalized human melanocytes), followed by evaluation of tyrosinase (TYR) expression via qRT‐PCR. NAcM‐OPT increased cell viability and cell proliferation. Furthermore, this molecule promoted autophagic flux through increased expression of autophagy‐related proteins under H2O2‐induced oxidative stress. Additionally, rapamycin increased the mRNA levels of TYR in PIG1 cells. Moreover, NAcM‐OPT alleviated mitochondrial damage, restored mitochondrial function, and upregulated the expression of NFE2L2, HO1, NQO1, and GCLM. Importantly, NAcM‐OPT also increased epidermal thickness, follicle length, and melanin synthesis under oxidative stress in vivo. These findings suggest that NAcM‐OPT may be a promising small molecule antioxidant drug for the treatment of vitiligo.
Regulation of a single inositol 1‐phosphate synthase homeologue by HSFA6B contributes to fibre yield maintenance under drought conditions in upland cotton
Authors: Yu Li'ang , Dittrich Anna C. Nelson , Zhang Xiaodan , Brock Jordan R. , Thirumalaikumar Venkatesh P. , Melandri Giovanni , Skirycz Aleksandra , Edger Patrick P. , Thorp Kelly R. , Hinze Lori , Pauli Duke , Nelson Andrew D.L. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryDrought stress substantially impacts crop physiology resulting in alteration of growth and productivity. Understanding the genetic and molecular crosstalk between stress responses and agronomically important traits such as fibre yield is particularly complicated in the allopolyploid species, upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), due to reduced sequence variability between A and D subgenomes. To better understand how drought stress impacts yield, the transcriptomes of 22 genetically and phenotypically diverse upland cotton accessions grown under well‐watered and water‐limited conditions in the Arizona low desert were sequenced. Gene co‐expression analyses were performed, uncovering a group of stress response genes, in particular transcription factors GhDREB2A‐A and GhHSFA6B‐D, associated with improved yield under water‐limited conditions in an ABA‐independent manner. DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP‐seq), as well as public cistrome data from Arabidopsis, were used to identify targets of these two TFs. Among these targets were two lint yield‐associated genes previously identified through genome‐wide association studies (GWAS)‐based approaches, GhABP‐D and GhIPS1‐A. Biochemical and phylogenetic approaches were used to determine that GhIPS1‐A is positively regulated by GhHSFA6B‐D, and that this regulatory mechanism is specific to Gossypium spp. containing the A (old world) genome. Finally, an SNP was identified within the GhHSFA6B‐D binding site in GhIPS1‐A that is positively associated with yield under water‐limiting conditions. These data lay out a regulatory connection between abiotic stress and fibre yield in cotton that appears conserved in other systems such as Arabidopsis.