bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron deposition on multi‐walled carbon nanotubes by fluidized bed MOCVD for aeronautic applications
Authors: Lassègue Pierre , Noé Laure , Monthioux Marc , Caussat Brigitte 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe fluidized bed MOCVD process has been studied in order to uniformly deposit iron nanoparticles on the outer surface of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) tangled in balls of 388 µm in diameter. Using ferrocene as organometallic precursor at atmospheric pressure, various reactive atmospheres of deposition (under N2, air and H2) and an ozone O3 surface pre‐treatment of MWCNTs were tested. Around 10 g Fe/100 g MWNCTs were deposited during each run. Under N2 at 650 °C on the raw MWCNTs, nanoparticles formed of Fe and Fe3C were deposited which have catalyzed the formation of carbon nanofibers (CNFs). 20 h of ozone (O3) pre‐treatment improved the number and distribution of iron nanoparticles but without increasing the surface coverage of nanotubes. A more intense amorphous carbon deposit also appeared. Under H2 at 550 °C, the amorphous carbon was partly eliminated but fewer iron nanoparticles were present. Under air at 450 °C, a part of the MWCNTs was lost and a Fe2O3 shell covered each remaining MWCNTs ball. New works are in progress to increase more markedly the surface reactivity of MWCNTs and to deposit pure iron. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Problems of hydrogen high‐temperature activation by chemical vapor deposition of diamond films
Authors: Rebrov Alexey , Yudin Ivan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe presented study is the original analysis of hydrogen flow in channels with heterogeneous physical‐chemical reactions. It provides the possibility to evaluate, calculate and predict unknown constants of heterogeneous reactions, using experimental data on dissociation at low pressures. It can be the base of conclusive data for computational modelling of CVD, using high velocity gas mixture flows. Till now there was no way to calculate the flow of hydrogen in tungsten channels in regimes of diamond deposition. The presented research allows formulate the problem of studies the heterogeneous reactions not only for diamond deposition. In the result of precise measurements of fragment fluxes behind heat‐resistant capillaries from refractory metals or ceramics at low pressure and direct statistical simulation of gas mixture flows one can determine collisional constants for simple molecules. Such approach is more preferential than expensive and sophisticated molecular beam methods. So possibilities of CVD can be extended. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Auditing overhead, auditing adaptation, and benchmark evaluation in Linux
Authors: Zeng Lei , Xiao Yang , Chen Hui 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLogging is a critical component of Linux auditing. However, our experiments indicate that the logging overhead can be significant. The paper aims to leverage the performance overhead introduced by Linux audit framework under various usage patterns. The study on the problem leads to an adaptive audit‐logging mechanism. Many security incidents or other important events are often accompanied with precursory events. We identify important precursory events – the vital signs of system activity and the audit events that must be recorded. We then design an adaptive auditing mechanism that increases or reduces the type of events collected and the frequency of events collected based upon the online analysis of the vital‐sign events. The adaptive auditing mechanism reduces the overall system overhead and achieves a similar level of protection on the system and network security. We further adopt LMbench to evaluate the performance of key operations in Linux with compliance to four security standards. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic threshold changeable multi‐policy secret sharing scheme
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhou You‐sheng , Li Dao‐feng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractEfficient secret sharing schemes play important roles in many areas such as key management, trust management, and secure multi‐party protocols. In order to reduce the communication costs of threshold changeable secret sharing scheme, a dynamic threshold changeable secret sharing scheme is proposed based on RSA cryptography system and discrete logarithm problem. The threshold value of the scheme can be decided according to the secure demand, and each participant's secret shadow is selected by the participant himself; therefore, secure channel is avoided, and communication costs are reduced. The shadows do not need to be changed when renewing the sharing secret, deleting old participants, or adding new participants, so the secret shadows are reusable. Moreover, the efficient solutions against multiform cheating are proposed; therefore, the scheme is highly secure and practical. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A semantic‐based classification and regression tree approach for modelling complex spatial rules in motor vehicle crashes domain
Authors: Effati Meysam , Sadeghi‐Niaraki Abolghasem 
Published: June 2015

Innovative data mining and knowledge discovery approaches that take advantage of geospatial analysis can be useful for analysis of motor vehicle crashes on regional highway corridors. This study presents an Ontology‐based Classification and Regression Tree (OCART) approach to induct crash rules on regional highway corridors by adding ontological reasoning to Classification and Regression Tree (CART) decision rules. It develops an ontology‐driven geospatial framework to predict the motor vehicles crash severity through the proposed OCART approach. A system prototype has been developed and implemented on a regional highway corridor in order to illustrate and evaluate the proposed method. The results demonstrate the application of ontological reasoning and spatial computation significantly improves the performance of CART crash rules. The proposed method reveals new relationships among crash severities and contributing factors that have been kept implicit in CART decision rules. WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov 2015, 5:181–194. doi: 10.1002/widm.1152This article is categorized under:

Algorithmic Development > Hierarchies and Trees
Technologies > Classification
Technologies > Machine Learning
A high‐throughput method for quantifying metabolically active yeast cells
Authors: Nandy Subir Kumar , Knudsen Peter Boldsen , Rosenkjaer Alexander , Lantz Anna Eliasson , Thykaer Jette , Workman Mhairi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBy redesigning the established methylene blue reduction test for bacteria and yeast, we present a cheap and efficient methodology for quantitative physiology of eukaryotic cells applicable for high‐throughput systems. Validation of the method in fermenters and high‐throughput systems proved equivalent, displaying reduction curves that interrelated directly with CFU counts. For growth rate estimation, the methylene blue reduction test (MBRT) proved superior, since the discriminatory nature of the method allowed for the quantification of metabolically active cells only, excluding dead cells. The drop in metabolic activity associated with the diauxic shift in yeast proved more pronounced for the MBRT‐derived curve compared with OD curves, consistent with a dramatic shift in the ratio between live and dead cells at this metabolic event. This method provides a tool with numerous applications, e.g. characterizing the death phase of stationary phase cultures, or in drug screens with pathogenic yeasts. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chromosome VIII disomy influences the nonsense suppression efficiency and transition metal tolerance of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Zadorsky S. P. , Sopova Y. V. , Andreichuk D. Y. , Startsev V. A. , Medvedeva V. P. , Inge‐Vechtomov S. G. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe SUP35 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes the translation termination factor eRF3. Mutations in this gene lead to the suppression of nonsense mutations and a number of other pleiotropic phenotypes, one of which is impaired chromosome segregation during cell division. Similar effects result from replacing the S. cerevisiae SUP35 gene with its orthologues. A number of genetic and epigenetic changes that occur in the sup35 background result in partial compensation for this suppressor effect. In this study we showed that in S. cerevisiae strains in which the SUP35 orthologue from the yeast Pichia methanolica replaces the S. cerevisiae SUP35 gene, chromosome VIII disomy results in decreased efficiency of nonsense suppression. This antisuppressor effect is not associated with decreased stop codon read‐through. We identified SBP1, a gene that localizes to chromosome VIII, as a dosage‐dependent antisuppressor that strongly contributes to the overall antisuppressor effect of chromosome VIII disomy. Disomy of chromosome VIII also leads to a change in the yeast strains’ tolerance of a number of transition metal salts. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Surface Active Properties of Sulfonated Acrylate Esters Based on Al‐Cedre Oil
Authors: El-Dougdoug Wagdy Ibrahim A. , Riya Mohamed Abo , Mahy Basma A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractSulfonated acrylate esters have been synthesized by using renewable raw materials such as fatty alcohols of Al‐Ceder oil. Mixed fatty acids were isolated from Al‐Ceder oil by hydrolysis; both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were isolated from the mixed fatty acids. The methyl esters of mixed fatty acid, saturated and unsaturated acids of Al‐Cedre oil were subjected to reduction with (LiAlH4) to give the corresponding fatty alcohols. The products of the reduction process were saponified and the hydroxyl values were estimated to further confirm the reduction occurrence. The acrylate esters were synthesized by esterification of acrylic acid with fatty alcohols of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, and C18:2 mixed saturated, mixed unsaturated and mixed fatty acids of Al‐Cedre oil, respectively. This esterification was followed by addition of NaHSO3 to form bisulfite adducts. The structures of the prepared surfactants were characterized by IR and 1HNMR spectroscopy. A series of useful surface parameters, stability towards acids and base hydrolysis and calcium stability have been determined.
Development and Validation of a Simple Reversed‐Phase HPLC‐UV Method for Determination of Malondialdehyde in Olive Oil
Authors: Al‐Rimawi Fuad 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA simple, precise, accurate and selective method was developed and validated for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) in olive oil. Separation was achieved on a reversed‐phase C8 column using a mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.8 % phosphoric acid (10:90, v/v), at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 220 nm. This method was validated according to the requirements for new methods, which include accuracy, precision, selectivity, robustness, a limit of detection, limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity and range. The current method demonstrated good linearity over the range of 0.5–1000 ppm of MDA with r2 greater than 0.999. The recovery of MDA in olive oil ranged from 97.1 to 99.1 %. The method was selective where MDA was distinctly separated from other compounds of the oil with good resolution. The method was also precise where the RSD of the peak areas of replicate injections of MDA standard solution were less than 1 %. The degree of reproducibility of the results obtained as a result of small deliberate variations in the method parameters and by changing the analytical operators proved that the method is robust and rugged. The low LOQ of MDA (0.5 ppm) using this method enables quantitation of MDA at low concentration.
Effects of cooling rate and Al on MnS formation in medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steels
Authors: Li Meng-long , Wang Fu-ming , Li Chang-rong , Yang Zhan-bing , Meng Qing-yong , Tao Su-fen 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The effect of Al on the morphology of MnS in medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steel was investigated at three different cooling rates of 0.24, 0.43, and 200°C·s-1. The formation mechanisms of three types of MnS were elucidated based on phase diagram information combined with crystal growth models. The morphology of MnS is governed by the precipitation mode and the growth conditions. A monotectic reaction and subsequent fast solidification lead to globular Type I MnS. Type II MnS inclusions with different morphological characteristics form as a result of a eutectic reaction followed by the growth in the Fe matrix. Type III MnS presents a divorced eutectic morphology. At the cooling rate of 0.24°C·s−1, the precipitation of dispersed Type III MnS is significantly enhanced by the addition of 0.044wt% acid-soluble Al (Als), while Type II MnS clusters prefer to form in steels with either 0.034wt% or 0.052wt% Als. At the relatively higher cooling rates of 200°C·s−1 and 0.43°C·s−1, the formation of Type I and Type II MnS inclusions is promoted, and the influence of Al is negligible. The results of this work are expected to be employed in practice to improve the mechanical properties of non-quenched and tempered steels.
Implications of perihepatic adhesions in women undergoing laparoscopic surgery for ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Mullins Edward , Agarwal Nilesh , Oliver Reeba , Odejinmi Jimi Funlayo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo establish whether the finding of perihepatic adhesions (PHAs) at laparoscopy for ectopic pregnancy (EP) is associated with poor perioperative and reproductive outcomes.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken of all cases of EP managed surgically at a teaching hospital in northeast London in 2003–2013. Data for symptoms, reproductive history, ultrasonography findings, blood parameters, and findings at surgery were compared between patients with and without perihepatic adhesions (PHAs) identified at laparoscopy.ResultsAmong 802 women with EP, PHAs were identified during surgery for 60 (7.5%). Compared with women without PHAs, patients with PHAs were significantly more likely to have had previous pelvic inflammatory disease, previous EP, previous tubal surgery, and the finding of abnormal contralateral adnexa or other adhesions during laparoscopy (P ≤ 0.024 for all). They also had higher preoperative hemoglobin concentrations and smaller hemoperitoneum volumes (P ≤ 0.04 for both).ConclusionWomen with PHAs at laparoscopy for EP had lower blood loss than did those without PHAs. The finding of PHAs was associated with an increased rate of recurrent EP, irrespective of a previous history of PID or EP.
Distress of Routine Activities and Perceived Safety Associated with Post-Traumatic Stress, Depression, and Alcohol Use: 2002 Washington, DC, Sniper Attacks
Authors: Fullerton Carol S. , Herberman Mash Holly B. , Benevides K. Nikki , Morganstein Joshua C. , Ursano Robert J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveFor over 3 weeks in October 2002, a series of sniper attacks in the Washington, DC, area left 10 people dead and 3 wounded. This study examined the relationship of distress associated with routine activities and perceived safety to psychological and behavioral responses.MethodsParticipants were 1238 residents of the Washington, DC, metropolitan area (aged 18 to 90 years, mean=41.7 years) who completed an Internet survey including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and items pertaining to distress related to routine activities, perceived safety, and alcohol use. Data were collected at one time point approximately 3 weeks after the first sniper shooting and before apprehension of the suspects. Relationships of distress and perceived safety to post-traumatic stress, depressive symptoms, and increased alcohol use were examined by using linear and logistic regression analyses.ResultsApproximately 8% of the participants met the symptom criteria for probable post-traumatic stress disorder, 22% reported mild to severe depression, and 4% reported increased alcohol use during the attacks. Distress related to routine activities and perceived safety were associated with increased post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms and alcohol use.ConclusionDistress and perceived safety are associated with specific routine activities and both contribute to psychological and behavioral responses during a terrorist attack. These findings have implications for targeted information dissemination and risk communication by community leaders. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:509–515)
Resilience of Nurses in the Face of Disaster
Authors: Turner Stephanie B. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveOn April 27, 2011, the state of Alabama encountered a horrific day of tornados that left a trail of damage throughout the state. The city of Tuscaloosa was devastated by an EF-4 that resulted in many victims and casualties. Druid City Hospital in Tuscaloosa had a massive inflow of victims with both mild and major injuries. When disasters such as this occur, nurses must respond with efficiency and effectiveness to help as many victims as possible. However, little is known about the psychological effects of disasters on nurses and how these impact nurses both personally and professionally. Because resilience can directly impact how a nurse responds to a situation, this article aimed to examine the resilience levels of nurses working during the disaster.MethodsThis study was part of a larger study examining the needs of nurses both before and after disasters. Ten nurses were interviewed and completed a 10-item survey on resilience, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The full range of scores on this scale is from 0 to 40, with higher scores reflecting greater resilience.ResultsIn this survey of 10 nurses, the scores ranged from 33 to 40, with a mean score of 36.7.ConclusionsThe nurses who were interviewed and completed the survey possessed a high level of resilience. More research should be done on the causes of increased resilience in nurses after disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:601–604)
Phoenix Rising: Working-Class Life and Urban Reconstruction, c. 1945–1967
Authors: Todd Selina 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBetween 1945 and 1967, England's town and city centers were reconstructed. This article argues that this process of civic redevelopment transformed working-class people's experience of urban life. Frequently represented as a social problem or simply ignored by prewar planning and political rhetoric on civic participation, working-class people were treated as vital to civic life in postwar England. This change had profound implications for people's experience of civic life and for class identity. However, historians of urban change have focused on planners and politicians, while the few histories of postwar working-class life that exist concentrate on selfhood, home, and neighborhood life. Drawing on personal testimonies, press reports, and planning documents this paper argues that working-class people were active agents of change in England's civic centers. Moreover, the experience of civic reconstruction encouraged the development of a sense of entitlement for a more secure and fuller life than earlier generations had experienced. The rebuilding of the civic centers was widely recognized as an achievement of ordinary working-class people, and the rebuilt centers were understood as places that should and could provide for their needs.
Passes and Protection in the Making of a British Mediterranean
Authors: Stein Tristan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBetween the end of the seventeenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth, the security of British navigation in and around the corsair-infested waters of the Mediterranean depended on indented parchment passports—Mediterranean passes. This article recovers the history of the Mediterranean pass and traces the development of the Mediterranean pass system from its origins in England's mid-seventeenth-century treaties with the North African regencies to its role in the emergence of Britain's Mediterranean empire over the course of the long eighteenth century. At its inception, the Mediterranean pass system formed an interstate regulatory regime that mediated between North African and British naval power by providing a means to identify British vessels at sea and to limit the protection of Britain's treaties to them. During the eighteenth century, however, foreign merchants and shipowners, especially from Genoa, sought out the security of British passes by moving to Britain's colonies at Gibraltar and Minorca. The resulting incorporation of foreigners into the British pass system fundamentally altered the nature and significance of the pass and contributed to the development of Britain's imperial presence in the Mediterranean. This article reveals how the growth of British power and the interactions of British consuls and imperial officials with mariners and merchants from around the Mediterranean transformed the pass from a document of identification into an instrument of imperial protection that helped sustain Britain's Mediterranean outposts in the eighteenth century and make possible the dramatic expansion of the British Empire further into that sea at the start of the nineteenth.
Image Simulation for Mingantu Ultrawide Spectral Radioheliograph in the Decimetre Wave Range
Authors: Du Jing , Yan Yihua , Wang Wei , Liu Donghao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe MUSER is a solar-dedicated radio interferometric array, which will observe the Sun over a wide range of radio frequencies (0.4–15 GHz), and make high time, space and frequency resolution images of the Sun simultaneously. MUSER is located in Mingantu Station in Inner Mongolia of China, which is about 400 kilometres away from Beijing. MUSER consists of two arrays: MUSER-I and MUSER-II. MUSER-I contains 40 antennas with 4.5-m aperture operating at 400 MHz to 2 GHz. MUSER-II contains 60 antennas with 2-m aperture operating at 2 to 15 GHz. Currently, MUSER has already been established and entered into the stage of test observation. This work is focus on the imaging performance of MUSER-I. This paper introduces MUSER-I briefly, presents the analysis of the array configurations, and evaluates the image quality mainly using the dynamic range, fidelity index, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio, also make some actual solar model simulations with CASA, the results will be shown below.
Molecular phylogeny of anoplocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) infecting humans and non-human primates
Authors: DOLEŽALOVÁ JANA , VALLO PETER , PETRŽELKOVÁ KLÁRA J. , FOITOVÁ IVONA , NURCAHYO WISNU , MUDAKIKWA ANTOINE , HASHIMOTO CHIE , JIRKŮ MILAN , LUKEŠ JULIUS , SCHOLZ TOMÁŠ , MODRÝ DAVID 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARYAnoplocephalid tapeworms of the genus Bertiella Stiles and Hassall, 1902 and Anoplocephala Blanchard, 1848, found in the Asian, African and American non-human primates are presumed to sporadic ape-to-man transmissions. Variable nuclear (5.8S-ITS2; 28S rRNA) and mitochondrial genes (cox1; nad1) of isolates of anoplocephalids originating from different primates (Callicebus oenanthe, Gorilla beringei, Gorilla gorilla, Pan troglodytes and Pongo abelii) and humans from various regions (South America, Africa, South-East Asia) were sequenced. In most analyses, Bertiella formed a monophyletic group within the subfamily Anoplocephalinae, however, the 28S rRNA sequence-based analysis indicated paraphyletic relationship between Bertiella from primates and Australian marsupials and rodents, which should thus be regarded as different taxa. Moreover, isolate determined as Anoplocephala cf. gorillae from mountain gorilla clustered within the Bertiella clade from primates. This either indicates that A. gorillae deserves to be included into the genus Bertiella, or, that an unknown Bertiella species infects also mountain gorillas. The analyses allowed the genetic differentiation of the isolates, albeit with no obvious geographical or host-related patterns. The unexpected genetic diversity of the isolates studied suggests the existence of several Bertiella species in primates and human and calls for revision of the whole group, based both on molecular and morphological data.