bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
سبب نزول الأية السادسة من صورة الحجرات"دراسة ونقد"
Authors: الخطيب طه ياسين 
Published: July 2024

# يناقش بحث سبب نزول الآية السادسة من سورة الحجرات " دراسة ونقد " ) ما ذكره أكثر المفسرين من أن سبب نزول قوله تعالى ( يا أيها الذين آمنوا إن جاءكم فاسق بنبأ فتبينوا ... ) ( ٦ ) الحجرات ) . هو الصحابي الجليل الوليد بن عقبة رضي الله تعالى عنه ، وقد عرض البحث كلام كثير من المفسرين ثم بين مواقفهم تجاه هذه القصة ثم ناقش القصة سنداً ومتناً ، أما السند فقد بين البحث أن الروايات في سبب الترول تنقسم إلى موصولة ومرسلة ، وقد أثبت البحث ضعف الروايات الموصولة ، أمــــا الروايات المرسلة فقد ذكر العلماء ومنهم ابن الصلاح رحمه الله تعالى سقوط الاحتجاج بالمرسل وأنه يحكم عليه بالضعف ، وبين أن هذا هو الذي استقر عليه آراء جماعة حفاظ الحديث ونقاد الأثر وتداولوه في مصنفاتهم ، ومثل هذه الأسانيد لا تقوى على الاحتجاج بها لاتهام صحابي ، وبالتالي كسر قاعدة عظيمة وهي أن الصحابة كلهم عدول كما ذهب إلى ذلك أهل السنة والجماعة كما تطرق البحث لتصحيح حديث في مسند الإمام أحمد ينص على أن الوليد ابن عقبة كان عام الفتح صبياً ، ورد على الذين ضعفوه ثم تناول البحث متن القصة بالنقد ، وتوصل إلى أن وصف الوليد بالفسق يعني القدح في حكمة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في اختيار رسله ، كما أنها تثبت أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قد أخلف الوعد مع الحارث بن ضرار .. وهذا يتنافى مع خلق النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كما هو معلوم بداهة ، كما أنها تتناقض مع اختيار أبي بكر وعمر رضي الله عنهما لنفس الصحابي ، أعني الوليد ، لنفس المهمة ، أعني : مصدقا ... إلى غير ذلك من القضايا ... ولذا فإن الباحث يقرر براءة الوليد بن عقبة رضي الله تعالى عنه مما نسب إليه . والله تعالى أعلم .
المخاوف الشائعة لدى الشباب الجامعي دراسة مسحية لطلبة جامعة إب
Authors: الجنابي فاضل زامل 
Published: July 2024

هدف البحث إلى معرفة المخاوف الشائعة لدى الشباب الجامعي. وقد اتبع المنهج المسحي من خلال عينة طبقية من طلبة جامعة إب بلغت ٥٠٠ طالب وطالبة، وقسم البحث الى مقدمة وأربعة محاور؛ الأول: إطار نظري، الثاني: منهجية البحث وإجراءاته، الثالث: نتائج البحث ومناقشتها، الرابع: الاستنتاجات والتوصيات. أظهرت النتائج: أن المخاوف الدينية والأخلاقية تتصدر ترتيب مخاوف الشباب الجامعي فضلا عن تولد مخاوف جديدة ارتبطت بحياتهم وحاجاتهم ومستقبلهم اقتصاديا واجتماعيا، بينما تتضاءل المخاوف المرضية. وقصور الجامعة في تقديم الصورة الإيجابية للحياة الجامعية.
التكون الشكلي والتلاؤم البيئي للمنزل البرجي التقليدي في مدينة شبام حضرموت
Authors: الحـدا محمد أحمد حسن 
Published: July 2024

هدف البحث إلى تحديد العوامل التي أسهمت في عملية التكون الشكلي لظاهرة المنزل البرجي التقليدي في شبام حضرموت، واعتمد المنهج الوصفي، وسار في مبحثين: الأول: العوامل المسهمة في تكون المنزل البرجي في حضرموت، الثاني: تلاؤم المنزل البرجي مع الظروف المناخية، ثم النتائج. وأظهرت النتائج: أن هناك مجموعة من العوامل الطبيعية والثقافية أسهمت في التكون الشكلي للمنزل البرجي التقليدي بمدينة شبام حضرموت فهو نتاج فهم الطبيعة والتكامل مع البيئة، وكذلك على البيئة الاجتماعية التقليدية التي تدمج بين تقاليد البناء والتنظيم الجماعي.
الترحيل الكهربائي لبروتين العرعر في الدراسات التصنيفية
Authors: فتحي رياض عبد الله , السعدي علي حمود 
Published: July 2024

هدف البحث إلى الوقوف على الاختلافات الوراثية بين العرعر الفنيقي والعرعر الشوكي من خلال تطبيق تقنية الترحيل الكهربائي للبروتين ، وقد اتبع المنهج التحليلي في البحث ، وقسم الى ثلاثة مباحث: الأول: مقدمة نظرية ، الثاني: المواد وطرائق العمل ( جمع العينات ، قياس طيف البروتين باستخدام جهاز طيف الامتصاص للأشعة فوق البنفسجية ، الترحيل الكهربائي هلام الأكريل أمايد)، الثالث: نتائج البحث ومناقشتها. أظهرت النتائج: وجود اختلافات في عدد الحزم بين العرعر الفنيقي والعرعر الشوكي وبين الأشجار الذكرية والأنثوية ، ولم يلاحظ بينهما أية فروق من ناحية مصدر البروتين.
حكم وضع جوائح مبيع الثمار ومسائل متفرعة عنها
Authors: الدوسري اسماعيل عبد الرزاق الهيتي 
Published: July 2024

هدف البحث إلى التعرف إلى حكم وضع جوائح مبيع الثمار في مذاهب الفقه الإسلامي، واعتمد على المنهج الوصفي المقارن، وسار بعد مقدمة في ثلاثة مطالب: الأول: معنى الجوائح لغة واصطلاحا، الثاني: الضامن للمبيع بعد تعرضه للجائحة، الثالث: مسائل متفرقة. وأظهرت النتائج: أنه إذا تم بيع ثمر أو زرع بعد بدو الصلاح وقبل أوان الجذاذ وأصابته جائحة فعلى طرفي العقد أن يتصالحوا على وضع المتلف أو عدمه، فإن تم الصلح فالحكم عليه، وإلا فالراجح أن ما أتلفته الجائحة في ضمان البائع.
Relevansi Pendidikan Jasmani dengan Tujuan Pendidikan Islam dalam Membentuk Individu yang Seimbang Secara Fisik, Mental, dan Spiritual
Authors: Tri Fitrianto Ari 
Published: July 2024

Physical Education and Islamic Education have significant relevance in shaping individuals who are balanced physically, mentally, and spiritually. Physical Education provides a foundation for physical development through physical activities, sports, and games, while Islamic Education emphasizes the formation of character, morality, and spirituality in individuals. The integration of both creates a holistic approach that supports the formation of individuals who are healthy both physically and spiritually. This article discusses how the application of Islamic Education principles in the Physical Education curriculum can enhance the understanding and implementation of Islamic values, such as justice, cooperation, and life balance. By combining these aspects, education becomes a means to shape individuals who not only excel physically but also possess high morality in line with Islamic teachings. Thus, this article proposes a closer integration between Physical Education and Islamic Education as a step towards the comprehensive formation of individuals, both physically and spiritually.

Keywords: Relevance, Physical Education, Objectives, Islamic Education
Geopolitics in Knowledge Production: Unheard Voices from Global South against the Linguistic and Euro American Hegemony in Academic Writing
Authors: Abdullah Al-Mamun  
Published: July 2024

This paper foregrounds the investigation of the culture of academic writing in relation to the context of Bangladeshi applied linguists. It also aims to address the hegemony of English language and the hegemony of Global North over Global South in the field of knowledge practice as well as production. This study finds out the geopolitical factors that affect and hallenge Bangladeshi applied linguists while trying to publish their research paper. By entangling the culture of academic writing, the researcher has conducted a qualitative study where the data collected from in depth interviews have been utilized to answer the research questions. The data reveal a tension in the field of knowledge production where several geopolitical aspects act as an instigating force affecting academic writing of Bangladeshi applied linguists. For instance, uneven editorial boards, marginalization of the work done by the scholars from Global South, market-like logic of publishing industry, biased motivation for international publication, dominance of western stylistics, hegemonic image of the English language are causing anunequal competition for Bangladeshi applied linguists who are willing to contribute in academia. Considering the demand of a borderless academia, the study has advocated for democratizing the field of knowledge production. Key words: geopolitics, academic writing, hegemony, Global North, Global South, knowledge production.
Prospects for the development of educational computer games in the context of the theory of the "state of flow" by M. Csikszentmihalyi
Authors: Khasieva Mariya Alanovna 
Published: July 2024

The subject of the study concerns one of the most significant problems of computer gamification of education – the question of criteria for the development and evaluation of educational computer games, including optimization of their game mechanics, game structure and forms of integration of players into their space, taking into account their specifics, goals and main educational purpose. The concept of "game flow", which originated in the gaming industry under the influence of the theory of the "state of flow" by M. Csikszentmihalyi, represents an original interpretation of the criteria of internal motivation of human activity and, as the goal of game design, assumes the achievement of the highest immersiveness of the game and the creation of space for the construction of meanings. The concept of game flow is widely used in modern trends in the development of educational games: the use of innovative game mechanics that complement and enrich the traditional and most common model of PBL gamification and allow achieving the greatest human involvement in the process of playing and learning is gaining great promise in them. The article uses a comprehensive methodological approach, including a descriptive method applied to various concepts of learning gamification and motivation theories, as well as a comparative and hermeneutic analysis of research on the development of educational computer games. The scientific novelty of the research is due to the correlation of the concept of game flow and the theory of the state of flow by M. Csikszentmihalyi with the main tasks of educational games and trends in their development. The conclusions of the article state that the development of virtual, augmented and mixed reality technologies, 3D visualization, and the improvement of computer graphics open up new prospects for the use of computer games in education, including in the humanities. Despite the fact that the issue of determining the prospects for the development of computer learning games is solved in modern pedagogy by studying the mechanisms of formation of internal motivation and involvement in learning, the theory of the "state of flow" by M. Csikszentmihalyi is of great interest in this sense. Optimization of the game mechanics of modern educational computer games is aimed at personalization, creating a space of free choice for the player and involves individual selection of the level of difficulty of tasks. These and other characteristics of game design can significantly improve the effectiveness of training.
The antioxidant effects of butylated hydroxytoluene on cryopreserved goat sperm from a proteomic perspective
Authors: Li Chunyan , Allai Larbi , Liang Jiachong , Lv Chunrong , Zhao Xiaoqi , Ni Xiaojun , Wu Guoquan , Deng Weidong , Badaoui Bouabid , Quan Guobo 
Published: July 2024

At present, there are few reports about the proteomics changes provoked by butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) supplementation on cryopreserved semen in mammals. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of BHT on goat sperm and to investigate the proteomics changes of adding BHT to cryopreserved goat (Capra hircus) sperm. Firstly, semen samples were collected from four goats, and frozen in the basic extenders containing different concentrations of BHT (0.5 mM, 1.0 mM, 2.0 mM) and a control without BHT, respectively. After thawing, the protective effects of dose-dependent replenished BHT to the freezing medium on post-thaw sperm motility, integrities of plasma membrane and acrosome, reactive oxygen species levels were confirmed, with 0.5 mM BHT being the best (B group) as compared to the control (without BHT, C group). Afterwards, TMT-based quantitative proteomic technique was performed to profile proteome of the goat sperm between C group and B group. Parallel reaction monitoring was used to confirm reliability of the data. Overall, 2,476 proteins were identified and quantified via this approach. Comparing the C and B groups directly (C vs. B), there were 17 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) po-tentially associated with sperm characteristics and functions were identified, wherein three were upregulated and 14 were downregulated, respectively. GO annotation analysis demonstrated the potential involvement of the identified DAPs in metabolic process, multi-organism process, reproduction, reproductive process, and cellular process. KEGG enrichment analysis further indicated their potential roles in renin-angiotensin system and glutathione metabolism pathways. Together, this novel study clearly shows that BHT can effectively improve quality parameters and fertility potential of post-thawed goat sperm at the optimal concentration, and its cryoprotection may be realized through regulation of sperm metabolism and antioxidative capability from the perspective of sperm proteomic modification.
Random Lasing in Self‐Assembled Dye‐Doped Latex Nanoparticles: Packing Density Effects
Authors: Cerdán Luis , Costela Angel , Enciso Eduardo , García‐Moreno Inmaculada 
Published: March 2013

AbstractEfficient random lasing (RL) from self‐assembled dye‐doped latex nanoparticles (d = 50–380 nm) presenting size polydispersity is reported. This new system exhibits a very good chemical compatibility between dye (Rhodamine 6G) and polymer as well as a high refractive index contrast between nanoparticle and surroundings (air), in such a way that its emission properties surpass the ones previously reported in similar systems. Furthermore, this system allows analyzing in detail the effects of the nanoparticle size polydispersity and the packing density on the RL emission properties. It is shown that size polydispersity gives rise to non‐uniformities in the filling fraction along the sample that lead to fluctuations on the scattering length across the sample and thus to a variation on the emission properties. Finally, it is observed that the increase of the filling fraction, enabled by the use of binary mixtures of nanoparticles with different sizes, results in remarkable improvements in the RL emission properties.
On the Evolving Relationship Between Corn and Oil Prices
Authors: Elmarzougui Eskandar , Larue Bruno 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThe authors identified three breaks in the relationship between corn and oil prices. The first break coincides with the second oil crisis. The second break marks the end of the agricultural export subsidy war between the European Union and the United States in the second half of 1980s; the third one occurred at the beginning of the ethanol boom at the very end of the 1990s. The relationship between corn and oil prices tends to be stronger when oil prices are highly volatile and when agricultural policies create less distortion. The ethanol boom strengthened the relation between corn and oil prices, which are cointegrated only in the fourth and last regime. Impulse response functions confirm that corn prices systematically respond to oil price shocks, but the converse is not observed.
Sinonasal epithelial wound resealing in an in vitro model: inhibition of wound closure with IL‐4 exposure
Authors: Wise Sarah K. , Den Beste Kyle A. , Hoddeson Elizabeth K. , Parkos Charles A. , Nusrat Asma 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundProlonged healing and persistent inflammation following surgery for rhinosinusitis impacts patient satisfaction and healthcare resources. Cytokines interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13 are important mediators in T‐helper 2 (Th2) inflammatory rhinosinusitis. Decreased wound healing has been demonstrated with Th2 cytokine exposure, but this has not been extensively studied in sinonasal epithelium. We hypothesized that in vitro exposure of primary sinonasal epithelial cell cultures to Th2 inflammatory cytokine IL‐4 and IL‐13 would impair wound resealing and decrease expression of annexin A2 at the wound edge.MethodsFollowing 24‐hour exposure to IL‐4, IL‐5, or IL‐13 vs controls, sterile linear mechanical wounds were created in primary sinonasal epithelial cultures (n = 12 wounds per condition). Wounds were followed for 36 hours or until complete closure, and residual wound areas were calculated by image analysis. Group differences in annexin A2 were assessed by immunofluorescence labeling, confocal microscopy, and Western blots.ResultsSignificant wound closure differences were identified across cytokine exposure groups (p < 0.001). Mean percentage wound closure at the completion of the 36‐hour time course was 98.41% ± 3.43% for control wounds vs 85.02% ± 18.46% for IL‐4 exposed wounds. IL‐13 did not significantly impair sinonasal epithelial wound resealing in vitro. Annexin A2 protein levels were decreased in IL‐4 treated wounds when compared to control wounds (p < 0.01).ConclusionTh2 cytokine IL‐4 decreases sinonasal epithelial wound closure in vitro. Annexin A2 is also diminished with IL‐4 exposure. This supports the hypothesis that IL‐4 exposure impairs sinonasal epithelial wound healing and may contribute to prolonged healing in Th2 inflammatory rhinosinusitis.
Long‐term improvement of musician's dystonia after stereotactic ventro‐oral thalamotomy
Authors: Horisawa Shiro , Taira Takaomi , Goto Shinichi , Ochiai Taku , Nakajima Takeshi 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveMusician's dystonia is a task‐specific movement disorder that causes twisting or repetitive abnormal finger postures and movements, which tend to occur only while playing musical instruments. Such a movement disorder will probably lead to termination of the careers of affected professional musicians. Most of the currently available treatments have yet to provide consistent and satisfactory results. We present the long‐term follow‐up results of ventro‐oral thalamotomy for 15 patients with musician's dystonia.MethodsBetween October 2003 and September 2010, 15 patients with medically intractable task‐specific focal hand dystonia that occurred only while playing musical instruments underwent ventro‐oral thalamotomy. We used Tubiana's musician's dystonia scale to evaluate the patients' pre‐ and postoperative neurological conditions.ResultsAll patients except 1 (93%) experienced dramatic improvement of dystonic symptoms immediately after ventro‐oral thalamotomy. The mean follow‐up period was 30.8 months (range = 4–108 months). None of the patients experienced recurrence or deterioration of symptoms during the follow‐up periods.InterpretationVentro‐oral thalamotomy remarkably improved musician's dystonia, and the effect persisted for a long duration. Ann Neurol 2013;74:648–654
Population pharmacokinetic analysis of clopidogrel in healthy Jordanian subjects with emphasis optimal sampling strategy
Authors: Yousef A. M. , Melhem M. , Xue B. , Arafat T. , Reynolds D. K. , Van Wart S. A. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTAim: Clopidogrel is metabolized primarily into an inactive carboxyl metabolite (clopidogrel‐IM) or to a lesser extent an active thiol metabolite. A population pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed using NONMEM® to describe the time course of clopidogrel‐IM in plasma and to design a sparse‐sampling strategy to predict clopidogrel‐IM exposures for use in characterizing anti‐platelet activity.Methods: Serial blood samples from 76 healthy Jordanian subjects administered a single 75 mg oral dose of clopidogrel were collected and assayed for clopidogrel‐IM using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. A two‐compartment (2‐CMT) PK model with first‐order absorption and elimination plus an absorption lag‐time was evaluated, as well as a variation of this model designed to mimic enterohepatic recycling (EHC). Optimal PK sampling strategies (OSS) were determined using WinPOPT based upon collection of 3–12 post‐dose samples.Results: A two‐compartment model with EHC provided the best fit and reduced bias in Cmax (median prediction error (PE%) of 9.58% versus 12.2%) relative to the basic two‐compartment model, AUC0‐24 was similar for both models (median PE% = 1.39%). The OSS for fitting the two‐compartment model with EHC required the collection of seven samples (0.25, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 12 h). Reasonably unbiased and precise exposures were obtained when re‐fitting this model to a reduced dataset considering only these sampling times.Conclusions: A two‐compartment model considering EHC best characterized the time course of clopidogrel‐IM in plasma. Use of the suggested OSS will allow for the collection of fewer PK samples when assessing clopidogrel‐IM exposures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resorcinarene‐Functionalised Imidazolium Salts as Ligand Precursors for Palladium‐Catalysed Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Couplings
Authors: Şahin Neslihan , Sémeril David , Brenner Eric , Matt Dominique , Özdemir İsmail , Kaya Cemal , Toupet Loïc 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThree imidazolium salts based on a rigid resorcinarene platform (1–3) were synthesised and used as catalyst precursors in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling of aryl halides with phenylboronic acid. In these pro‐carbene ligands, the heterocyclic moiety has one N atom connected to a C2 atom of a resorcinolic ring, and the other is substituted by an alkyl group (R=n‐propyl, iso‐propyl, benzyl). The methinic C atoms of the macrocyclic core are all substituted by a pentyl group. The best catalytic performances were obtained by using an imidazolium/Pd ratio of 1:1. The catalytic systems displayed high activities, which increased in the order R=n‐propyl (1)<i‐propyl (2)<benzyl (3). For example, the use of 3 resulted in activities up to 30 100 mol(converted ArX) mol(Pd)−1 h−1 in the arylation of bromotoluene at 100 °C in dioxane. Comparative studies showed that the performance of imidazolium salt 3 is significantly superior to that of related salts devoid of a cavity‐shaped substituent. These experiments illustrate the role of the bulky resorcinarene unit, which facilitates the reductive elimination step. Modification of the cavitand structure by replacement of the pentyl substituents with phenyl groups further revealed that the catalytic outcome is influenced by the nature of the lower belt‐substituents. The results strongly suggest that the Pd catalysts obtained from 1–3 have the metal centre preferentially located outside the cavity.
An Atomic Scale View of Methanol Reactivity at the Cu(1 1 1)/CuOx Interface
Authors: Lawton Timothy J. , Kyriakou Georgios , Baber Ashleigh E. , Sykes E. Charles H. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe interaction and reaction of MeOH with Cu is of foremost importance in a range of heterogeneously catalyzed processes. A critical intermediate in the molecular transformation of MeOH on Cu‐based catalysts is the methoxy species, the formation of which comprises the first elementary step in the MeOH steam reforming reaction. The interface length between metallic Cu(1 1 1) and copper oxide dictates the conversion of MeOH to formaldehyde (H2CO), although the microscopic details of MeOH’s adsorption, diffusion, and reaction at this complex interface are not clear. Here, STM was used to study the reaction of MeOH with the morphologically complex Cu(1 1 1)/copper oxide [Cu(1 1 1)/CuOx] surface. STM is the only technique that can simultaneously characterize various complex oxide surface structures and MeOH’s adsorption and reaction sites at the atomic scale. Variable‐temperature STM measurements enabled the spatial distribution of both intact and dissociated MeOH to be tracked as the reaction proceeded and revealed that diffusion and spillover are key processes in MeOH decomposition. The presence of extended metallic Cu areas interconnected with disordered oxide structures, coupled with the weak binding of MeOH on Cu, provides the driving force for MeOH to migrate to interfacial sites at which deprotonation occurs. At elevated temperatures, methoxy buildup at the Cu(1 1 1)/CuOx interface is observed along with evidence consistent with spillover. These data provide the first clear atomic scale picture of the interaction and reaction of MeOH with oxidized Cu(1 1 1), the most common facet of Cu in nanoparticle catalysts.
Screening of Multiparameter Spaces for Silver Nanoprism Synthesis by Microsegmented Flow Technique
Authors: Knauer Andrea , Köhler J. Michael 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this work, a method of combinatorial variation of reactant solutions combined with an in situ UV‐Vis readout of the plasmonic properties during the wet‐chemical synthesis of Ag nanoprisms in micro fluid segments is presented. Segment sequences of clearly distinguishable compositions are generated by an automated flow rate program. By the help of two combined slowly shifting and two contrariwise rapidly changing reactant flow rates, a two dimensional parameter space is covered completely in steps of 20 %. Due to the sensitive main dipole mode of Ag nanoprisms, a combinatorial concentration variation during the growth step of the synthesis opens new possibilities regarding tuning of particle size and optical properties. Here, within one combinatorial synthesis run, silver nanoprisms with edge length between 35 and 200 nm and main plasmon resonances between 550 and 900 nm were obtained.