bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of PTEN Transcription by UVA
Authors: Zhao Baozhong , Ming Mei , He Yu‐Ying 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTAlthough ultraviolet A (UVA; 315–400 nm) has different physical and biological targets than ultraviolet B (UVB; 280–315 nm), the contribution of UVA to skin cancer susceptibility and its molecular basis remain largely unknown. Here we show that chronic UVA radiation suppresses phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression at the mRNA level. Subchronic and acute UVA radiation also downregulated PTEN in normal human epidermal keratinocytes, skin culture, and mouse skin. At the molecular level, chronic UVA radiation decreased the transcriptional activity of the PTEN promoter in a methylation‐independent manner, whereas it had no effect on the protein stability or mRNA stability of PTEN. In contrast, we found that UVA‐induced activation of the Ras/ERK/AKT and NF‐кB pathways plays an important role in UV‐induced PTEN downregulation. Inhibiting extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK) or protein pinase B (AKT) increases PTEN expression. Our findings may provide unique insights into PTEN downregulation as a critical component of UVA's molecular impact during keratinocyte transformation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:184‐191, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21451
Human adipose CD34+CD90+ stem cells and collagen scaffold constructs grafted in vivo fabricate loose connective and adipose tissues
Authors: Ferraro Giuseppe A. , De Francesco Francesco , Nicoletti Gianfranco , Paino Francesca , Desiderio Vincenzo , Tirino Virginia , D'Andrea Francesco 
Published: November 2012

AbstractStem cell based therapies for the repair and regeneration of various tissues are of great interest for a high number of diseases. Adult stem cells, instead, are more available, abundant and harvested with minimally invasive procedures. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi‐potent progenitors, able to differentiate into bone, cartilage, and adipose tissues. Human adult adipose tissue seems to be the most abundant source of MSCs and, due to its easy accessibility; it is able to give a considerable amount of stem cells. In this study, we selected MSCs co‐expressing CD34 and CD90 from adipose tissue. This stem cell population displayed higher proliferative capacity than CD34−CD90− cells and was able to differentiate in vitro into adipocytes (PPARγ+ and adiponectin+) and endothelial cells (CD31+VEGF+Flk1+). In addition, in methylcellulose without VEGF, it formed a vascular network. The aim of this study was to investigate differentiation potential of human adipose CD34+/CD90+ stem cells loaded onto commercial collagen sponges already used in clinical practice (Gingistat) both in vitro and in vivo. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that human adult adipose and loose connective tissues can be obtained in vivo, highlighting that CD34+/CD90 ASCs are extremely useful for regenerative medicine. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 1039–1049, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Free energy simulation of helical transitions
Authors: Ma Ning , Chung Ying‐Hua , van der Vaart Arjan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAn umbrella sampling method for the calculation of free energies for helical transitions is presented. The method biases structures toward helices of a desired radius and pitch. Although computationally complex, the method has negligible overhead in actual applications. To illustrate the method, calculations of the helical free energy landscape of several peptides are presented for both the CHARMM and the AMBER force fields. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New insights in wound response and repair of epithelium
Authors: Chi Cheryl , Trinkaus‐Randall Vickery 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEpithelial wounds usually heal relatively quickly, but repair may be impaired by environmental stressors, such as hypoxic or diabetic states, rendering patients vulnerable to a number of corneal pathologies. Though this response appears simple, at first, years of research have uncovered the complicated biochemical pathways coordinating the wound healing response. Here, we investigate signaling cascades and individual proteins involved in the corneal epithelium's self‐repair. We will explore how an epithelial cell migrates across the wound bed and attaches itself to its new post‐injury surroundings, including its neighboring cells and the basement membrane, through focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes. We will also discuss how the cell coordinates this motion physiologically, through calcium signaling and protein phosphorylation, focusing on the communication through purinergic, glutamatergic, and growth factor receptors. Many of these aspects reflect and can be extended to similar epithelial surfaces, and can be used to facilitate wound healing in patients with various underlying pathologies. The collective library of laboratory and clinical research done around the world has demonstrated how important precise regulation of these processes is in order for the injured corneal epithelium to properly heal. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genetic and molecular characterization of the human Osteosarcoma 3AB‐OS cancer stem cell line: A possible model for studying osteosarcoma origin and stemness
Authors: Di Fiore Riccardo , Fanale Daniele , Drago‐Ferrante Rosa , Chiaradonna Ferdinando , Giuliano Michela , De Blasio Anna , Amodeo Valeria , Corsini Lidia R. , Bazan Viviana , Tesoriere Giovanni , Vento Renza , Russo Antonio 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFinding new treatments targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) within a tumor seems to be critical to halt cancer and improve patient survival. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive tumor affecting adolescents, for which there is no second‐line chemotherapy. Uncovering new molecular mechanisms underlying the development of osteosarcoma and origin of CSCs is crucial to identify new possible therapeutic strategies. Here, we aimed to characterize genetically and molecularly the human osteosarcoma 3AB‐OS CSC line, previously selected from MG63 cells and which proved to have both in vitro and in vivo features of CSCs. Classic cytogenetic studies demonstrated that 3AB‐OS cells have hypertriploid karyotype with 71–82 chromosomes. By comparing 3AB‐OS CSCs to the parental cells, array CGH, Affymetrix microarray, and TaqMan® Human MicroRNA array analyses identified 49 copy number variations (CNV), 3,512 dysregulated genes and 189 differentially expressed miRNAs. Some of the chromosomal abnormalities and mRNA/miRNA expression profiles appeared to be congruent with those reported in human osteosarcomas. Bioinformatic analyses selected 196 genes and 46 anticorrelated miRNAs involved in carcinogenesis and stemness. For the first time, a predictive network is also described for two miRNA family (let‐7/98 and miR‐29a,b,c) and their anticorrelated mRNAs (MSTN, CCND2, Lin28B, MEST, HMGA2, and GHR), which may represent new biomarkers for osteosarcoma and may pave the way for the identification of new potential therapeutic targets. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1189–1201, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mesenchymal stem cells from patients to assay bone graft substitutes
Authors: Manfrini M. , Di Bona C. , Canella A. , Lucarelli E. , Pellati A. , D'Agostino A. , Barbanti‐Bròdano G. , Tognon M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBio‐engineered scaffolds used in orthopedic clinical applications induce different tissue responses after implantation. In this study, non‐stoichiometric Mg2+ ions and stoichiometric apatites, which are used in orthopedic surgery as bone substitutes, have been assayed in vitro with human adult mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) to evaluate cytocompatibility and osteoconductivity. hMSCs from the bone marrow aspirates of orthopedic patients were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry for the surface markers Stro1, CD29, CD44, CD71, CD73, CD90, CD105 (positive) and CD45, CD235 (negative). The hMSC were analyzed for self‐renewal capacity and for differentiation potential. The hMSC, which were grown on different biomaterials, were analyzed for (i) cytotoxicity by AlamarBlue metabolic assay, (ii) osteoconductivity by ELISA for activated focal adhesion kinase, (iii) cytoskeleton organization by fluorescence microscopy, and (iv) cell morphology which was investigated by scan electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicate that isolated cell populations agree with minimal criteria for defining hMSC cultures. Non‐stoichiometric Mg2+ and stoichiometric apatites, in granular form, represent a more favorable environment for mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and growth compared to the non‐stoichiometric Mg2+ apatite, in nano‐structured paste form. This study indicates that different forms of biomaterials modulate osteoconductivity and cellular growth by differential activation focal adhesion kinase. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1229–1237, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Combining cell lines to optimize isolation of human enterovirus from clinical specimens: Report of 25 years of experience
Authors: Prim Núria , Rodríguez Graciela , Margall Núria , Del Cuerpo Margarita , Trallero Gloria , Rabella Núria 
Published: November 2012

AbstractCell culture is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of human enteroviruses (HEVs) although molecular techniques are required for detection of some serotypes. Due to the diversity of HEVs, a single cell line is not susceptible to all serotypes, and several lines are required to optimize the isolation of HEVs. In this study, the results of HEV isolation during the last 25 years are reported. A total of 1,192 HEVs were isolated and isolation rates varied depending on the cell line used. MRC5 cells yielded the best results (70.7%), followed by A549 cells (52.6%), RD cells (37.5%), and HEp‐2 cells (29.7%). A total of 521 HEVs were characterized, and HEV‐B was the most frequent species (81%). Polioviruses (PV) and HEV‐A were isolated less frequently (17% and 1%, respectively). None of the cell lines detected all the enteroviruses. MRC5 cells were the most susceptible for isolation of echoviruses (85.7%) and PVs (85.4%), whereas HEp2 was the most susceptible for Coxsackieviruses B (82.6%). Some serotypes were isolated in one cell line only. 40.5% of echoviruses were isolated in MRC5 cells whereas 42.3% and 23.9% of Coxsackieviruses B were isolated in RD cells and HEp2 cells, respectively. Although A549 cells did not achieve the best performance for any enterovirus serotypes, they isolated 52.6% of the total HEVs. In view of these results, MRC5 cells, A549 cells, and RD cells should be combined to optimize isolation of HEVs. J. Med. Virol. 85:116–120, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A meta‐analytic evaluation of diversity training outcomes
Authors: Kalinoski Zachary T. , Steele‐Johnson Debra , Peyton Elizabeth J. , Leas Keith A. , Steinke Julie , Bowling Nathan A. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryThe purpose of this meta‐analysis was to use theory and research on diversity, attitudes, and training to examine potential differential effects on affective‐based, cognitive‐based, and skill‐based outcomes, to examine potential moderators of those effects with a focus on affective‐based outcomes, and finally, to provide quantitative estimates of these posited relationships. Results from 65 studies (N = 8465) revealed sizable effects on affective‐based, cognitive‐based, and skill‐based outcomes as well as interesting boundary conditions for these effects on affective‐based outcomes. This study provides practical value to human resources managers and trainers wishing to implement diversity training within organizations as well as interesting theoretical advances for researchers. Practitioners have quantitative evidence that diversity training changes affective‐based, cognitive‐based, and skill‐based trainee outcomes. This study also supports and addresses future research needs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of different focusing fiber tips for improved oral diode laser surgery
Authors: Stock Karl , Stegmayer Thomas , Graser Rainer , Förster Wolfram , Hibst Raimund 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesState of the art for use of the fiber guided diode laser in dental therapy is the application of bare fibers. A novel concept with delivery fiber and exchangeable fiber tips enables the use of tips with special and optimized geometries for various applications. The aim of this study is the comparison of different focusing fiber tips for enhanced cutting efficacy in oral surgery.Material and MethodsFor this purpose various designs of tip geometry were investigated and optimized by ray tracing simulations. Two applicators, one with a sphere, and another one with a taper, were realized and tested on porcine gingiva (diode laser, 940 nm, 5 W/cw; 7 W/modulated). The cutting depth and quality were determined by light microscope. Histological sections of the cuts were prepared by a cryo‐microtome and microscopically analyzed to determine the cut depths and thermal damage zones.ResultsThe simulations show that, using a sphere as fiber tip, an intensity increase of up to a factor of 16.2 in air, and 13.2 in water compared to a bare 200 µm fiber can be achieved. Although offering high focusing factor in water, the cutting quality of the sphere was rather poor. This is probably caused by a derogation of the focusing quality due to contamination during cutting and light scattering. Much better results were achieved with conically shaped fiber tips. Compared to bare fibers they exhibit improved handling properties with no hooking, more regular and deeper cuts (5 W/cw: 2,393 ± 468 µm, compared to the cleaved bare fiber 5 W/cw: 711 ± 268 µm). The thermal damage zones of the cuts are comparable for the various tips and fibers.ConclusionsIn conclusion the results of our study show that cutting quality and efficiency of diode laser on soft tissue can be significantly improved using conically shaped fiber tips. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 815–823, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
N‐Isopropylacrylamide‐Modified Polyethylenimines as Effective Gene Carriers
Authors: Tian Huayu , Li Feifan , Chen Jie , Huang Yubin , Chen Xuesi 
Published: November 2012

Abstract25 kDa branched polyethylenimines are modified by N‐isopropylacrylamide via Michael addition. An agarose gel retardation assay shows that all derivatives display good binding affinity toward plasmid DNA. The modified PEI‐25K shows lower cytotoxicity in MTT assay and better transfection efficiency than unmodified PEI‐25K in HeLa cells. The endocytosis efficiency of the optimized complexes is determined to be 99.9% by flow cytometry. More interestingly, although the derivatives are not designed to conjugate with targeting ligands or nuclear localization signals, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) demonstrates that the optimized derivative results in increased endocytosis and strongly enhanced nuclear uptake compared with PEI‐25K. magnified image
1H NMR spectra. Part 29§: proton chemical shifts and couplings in esters—the conformational analysis of methyl γ‐butyrolactones
Authors: Abraham Raymond J. , Leonard Paul 
Published: November 2012

The 1H NMR spectra of 35 cyclic and acyclic esters are analysed to give the 1H chemical shifts and couplings. The substituent chemical shifts of the ester group were analysed using three‐bond (γ) effects for near protons and the electric field, magnetic anisotropy and steric effect of the ester group for more distant protons. The electric field is calculated from the partial atomic charges on the O⋅C = O atoms, and the asymmetric magnetic anisotropy of the carbonyl group acts at the midpoint of the C = O bond. The values of the anisotropies Δχparl and Δχperp were for the aliphatic esters 10.35 and −18.84 and for the conjugated esters 7.33 and −15.75 (×10−6 Å3/molecule). The oxygen steric coefficients found were 104.4 (aliphatic C = O), 45.5 (aromatic C = O) and 16.0 (C–O) (×10−6 Å6/molecule). After parameterisation, the overall RMS error for the data set of 280 entries was 0.079 ppm.The strongly coupled 1H NMR spectra of the 2‐methyl, 3‐methyl and 4‐methyl γ‐butyrolactones were analysed and the methyl conformational equilibrium obtained from the observed couplings. The observed versus calculated density functional theory (DFT) ΔG(ax‐eq) was 1.0 (1.01), 0.34 (0.54) and 0.65 (0.71) kcal/mol res. The shielding effect of a methyl cis to a proton in the five‐membered lactone rings is −0.40 ±0.05 ppm and deshielding trans effect 0.12 ±0.05 ppm, which is common to both five and six membered rings. The cis/trans isomerism in the vinyl esters methyl acrylate, crotonate and methacrylate and methyl furoate was examined using the 1H chemical shifts. The calculated shifts of both the cis and trans isomers were in good agreement with the observed shifts. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The prevalence of incontinence in people with cognitive impairment or dementia living at home: A systematic review
Authors: Drennan Vari M. , Rait Greta , Cole Laura , Grant Robert , Iliffe Steve 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAimsTo investigate the prevalence of urinary and fecal incontinence in people with cognitive impairment or dementia, living at home.MethodWe searched electronic databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, BNI, and the Cochrane Library (including DARE, NTIS), from January 1, 1990 to 2012 week 13 (April 4) for studies reporting prevalence data of urinary and fecal incontinence in the population of interest. Quality assessments of studies considered risk of bias in criteria for prevalence studies. Due to the heterogeneity of the included study populations and results, meta‐analysis was not appropriate and a narrative analysis was undertaken.ResultsFrom 427 references, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies provided prevalence rates as findings incidental to their primary question. Populations and assessment tools were varied. Reported prevalence of urinary incontinence ranged from 1.1% in a general community population to 38% in those receiving home care services. Reported rates of fecal incontinence were from 0.9% in a community population to 27% in a population attending an old age psychiatry outpatient clinic.ConclusionsThe prevalence of incontinence in people with dementia or cognitive impairment living at home has not been clearly established. Population level data is required to inform clinicians and to reliably underpin decision‐making in service planning, resource allocation and interventions for people with dementia and incontinence. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 314–324, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pelvic floor muscle training program increases muscular contractility during first pregnancy and postpartum: Electromyographic study
Authors: Marques Joseane , Botelho Simone , Pereira Larissa Carvalho , Lanza Ana Helena , Amorim Cesar Ferreira , Palma Paulo , Riccetto Cassio 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a training program over both pelvic floor muscles contractility and urinary symptoms in primigravid pregnant and postpartum primiparous women.Patients and MethodsA clinical, prospective and blinded trial was conducted with 33 women divided into three groups: (G1) 13 primigravid pregnant women; (G2) 10 postpartum primiparous women (49.3 ± 5.84 days), after vaginal delivery with right mediolateral episiotomy; (G3) 10 postpartum primiparous women (46.3 ± 3.6 days), after cesarean section delivery. The evaluation was carried out using digital palpation (Modified Oxford Grading Scale), pelvic floor electromyography and, for the investigation of urinary symptoms, validated questionnaires (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire—short form—ICIQ‐UI SF and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder—ICIQ‐OAB). The protocol consisted of 10 individual sessions carried out by the physiotherapist through home visits, three times a week, with 60 min duration each. The statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Spearman's correlation coefficient.ResultsThe pelvic floor muscle contractility increased after the training program (P = 0.0001) for all groups. Decreases in the scores of both ICIQ‐UI SF (P = 0.009) and ICIQ‐OAB (P = 0.0003) were also observed after training.ConclusionPelvic floor muscle training is an effective means for the increase in its own contractility in both primigravid pregnant and primiparous postpartum women, accompanied with a concomitant decrease in urinary symptoms. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 998–1003, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Delay‐dependent feedforward control of time‐delay systems with parametric uncertainties via dynamic IQCs
Authors: Ucun Levent , Küçükdemiral İbrahim B. 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARYThis paper studies the design problem of a robust delay‐dependent H ∞  feedforward controller design for a class of linear uncertain time‐delay system having state and control delays when the system is subject to ‐type disturbances. The proposed controller scheme involves two main controllers, which are static state‐feedback and dynamic feedforward controllers. The state‐feedback controller is used for stabilizing the delay and uncertainty‐free system, whereas the feedforward controller performs disturbance attenuation. Dynamic type integral quadratic constraints (IQCs), which consist of frequency‐dependent multipliers, have been introduced to represent the delays and parametric uncertainties in the system where the degree of the multiplier used in IQC representation is in an adjustable nature. This scheme allows the designer to obtain less conservative controllers with increasing precision. Sufficient delay‐dependent criteria in terms of linear matrix inequalities are obtained such that the uncertain linear time‐delay system is guaranteed to be globally, uniformly, asymptotically stable with a minimum disturbance attenuation level. Several numerical examples together with the simulation studies provided at the end illustrate the usefulness of the proposed design. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biosimilars: Die Sicht der Innovatoren
Authors: Sydow Sabine , Grajer Karl‐Heinz 
Published: November 2012

AbstractNachahmerpräparate biopharmazeutischer Originalpräparate können diesen lediglich ähnlich sein und heißen folgerichtig “Biosimilars”. Die EU‐Zulassungsstandards für Biosimilars haben sich bewährt und sollten deshalb aufrecht erhalten werden. Darüber hinaus dürften bessere Aufklärung und mehr Transparenz die Akzeptanz von Biosimilars sehr viel mehr befördern als weitere dirigistische Markteingriffe.
Weiß, braun oder eher beige?
Authors: Zündorf Ilse , Dingermann Theo 
Published: November 2012

AbstractUnsere Fettzellen gehören entweder zum (teilweise unschönen) Energie‐speichernden, weißen oder aber zum angenehmeren, Wärme‐produzierenden braunen Fettgewebe. Zumindest dachte man das bis jetzt. Kürzlich wurde in Mäusen und auch in Menschen eine dritte Sorte Fettzellen entdeckt, Farbe: beige.