bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of age on heart rate variability indices during and following high-intensity continuous exercise in masters and young cyclists
Authors: Borges Nattai R. , Reaburn Peter R. , Michael Scott , Doering Thomas M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study compared heart rate variability (HRV) parameters of cardiovascular autonomic regulation between well-trained masters and young cyclists at rest, during and following a continuous cycle (CTS) protocol. Ten masters (age = 56 ± 5 years) and eight young (age = 26 ± 3 years) cyclists completed a 100 min experimental protocol consisting of a 60 min CTS cycling bout at 95% of Ventilatory Threshold 2 followed by 40 min of supine recovery. Beat-to-beat heart rate was measured continuously, and HRV parameters analysed at standardised 5 min intervals during rest, exercise and recovery. The root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD), low-frequency power and high-frequency power parameters were corrected by division of the R-R interval (time domain), or R-R interval squared (frequency domain). Further, the RMSSD and RMSSD:RR for successive 60-s R-R intervals at the onset (0–10 min) and offset (60–70 min) of CTS exercise were analysed over 10-min periods. The natural logarithm (Ln) of skewed parameters was taken for analysis. Significant interaction effects (P < 0.05) for 5 min segments were found for (LnRMSSD, LnRMSSD:RR, LnHF and LnHF:RR2. Masters cyclists demonstrated lower values of parasympathetic activity at rest and during recovery (15–20 min and 35–40 min) compared to younger cyclists. However, similar HRV responses were observed during exercise, including throughout the acute onset and offset periods (P > 0.05). This data shows that cardiac autonomic regulation during, or immediately following CTS exercise may not be influenced by age, but masters athletes may exhibit a lower baseline for parasympathetic activity.
Assessing risk factors for elevated creatine kinase levels as an indicator of compartment syndrome following laparoscopic or robot-assisted colorectal cancer surgery in the lithotomy-trendelenburg position
Authors: Kusunoki Chikako , Uemura Mamoru , Takeda Mitsunobu , Sekido Yuki , Hata Tsuyoshi , Hamabe Atsushi , Ogino Takayuki , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Kagawa Yoshinori , Tei Mitsuyoshi , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Well-leg compartment syndrome (WLCS) can occur due to compression and lower limb circulation disturbances caused by the surgical position during the procedure. Although rare, with an incidence of 1 in 3500 surgeries performed in the lithotomy position, it can lead to serious complications. Therefore, prevention and early diagnosis are critical. Symptoms of WLCS, such as leg pain, swelling, paresthesia, and serum creatine kinase (CK) levels are useful for diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for postoperative CK elevation in laparoscopic or robot-assisted colorectal cancer surgery performed in the lithotomy-Trendelenburg position.

Methods
Postoperative CK levels were measured in 178 patients who underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted colorectal cancer surgery between February 2022 and March 2023. We compared patient backgrounds, short-term outcomes, and thigh/calf circumferences between patients with CK levels ≥ 250 (n = 62) and those with CK levels < 250 (n = 116). We investigated risk factors for elevated CK levels using both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
Four patients with CK levels of 22405 U/L, 4685 U/L, 4050 U/L, and 3824 U/L reported symptoms, which improved with conservative treatment. The following independent prognostic factors were identified by multivariate analysis: male sex (odds ratio [OR], 4.403; 95% CI, 1.960 to 9.892), rectal surgery (OR, 2.779; 95% CI, 1.249 to 6.184), continuous head-down position duration ≥ 180 min (OR, 3.523; 95% CI, 1.552 to 7.997), and preoperative calf circumference ≥ 33 cm (OR, 2.482; 95% CI, 1.154 to 5.339).

Conclusions
Risk factors for CK elevation after colorectal cancer surgery in the lithotomy position include male sex, rectal surgery, an extended continuous head-down position without position changes, and a larger preoperative calf circumference. This study highlights the potential importance of intraoperative position changes every 3 h for preventing elevated CK levels, although the preventive effect was not specifically examined.
Free bone fragments are associated with the development of heterotopic ossification after hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Yokoi Hiroyuki , Takegami Yasuhiko , Ochiai Satoshi , Miyachi Takumi , Urasaki Tetsuya , Imagama Shiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Heterotopic ossification (HO) can occur after hemiarthroplasty (HA) for femoral neck fractures (FNF). This study aimed to investigate the frequency and factors contributing to the development of HO after HA.

Methods
The study included data from 92 of 183 patients (26 male and 66 female) who sustained FNF and underwent HA between April 2019 and January 2022. HO was identified on postoperative radiographic images. Patient background, operative duration, blood loss, and presence of free bone fragments immediately after surgery were compared between the HO and non-HO groups. Statistical analyses included the independent-sample t-test for continuous variables and the chi-squared test for categorical variables. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using HO as an objective variable.

Results
HO occurred in 50 of the 92 (54%) patients. There were no statistically significant differences in patient backgrounds. Univariate analysis revealed significantly longer mean operative duration and greater blood loss in the HO group. Free bone fragments in the immediate postoperative period were observed in 29 of 50 (58%) patients in the HO group and in 3 of 42 (7.1%) patients in the non-HO group, a statistically significant difference. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of free bone fragments was an independent explanatory factor for HO development.

Conclusion
The presence of free bone fragments immediately after surgery may be significantly associated with the development of HO. Therefore, it is necessary to sufficiently remove such fragments during surgery because they may trigger HO.
Effect of weight loss interventions on metabolomic signatures in obese children with insulin resistance
Authors: Liu Xiaoguang , Zhu Lin , Liu Jingxin , Nie Zichen , Qiu Wenjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe obesity epidemic among children has become a major public health issue, and the presence of childhood insulin resistance (IR) has been demonstrated prior to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it is unclear whether the metabolomic signature is associated with weight loss interventions in obese children with IR. Thirty-six obese children with IR were selected from the weight loss camp (Shenzhen Sunshine Xing Yada health Technology Co., LTD). Clinical parameters were collected before and after weight loss intervention. Targeted metabolomics of plasma samples was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to the tandem mass spectrometry, and principal component analysis, variable importance in projection, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to obtain the differentially expressed metabolites. Pathway analysis was conducted with the Homo sapiens (HSA) sets in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. We used machine learning algorithms to obtain the potential biomarkers and Spearman correlation analysis to clarify the association between potential biomarkers and clinical parameters. We found that clinical parameters and metabolite clusters were significantly changed in obese children with IR before and after weight loss intervention. Mechanistically, weight loss intervention significantly changed 61 metabolites in obese children with IR. Furthermore, 12 pathways were significantly changed. Moreover, the machine learning algorithm found 6 important potential biomarkers. In addition, these potential biomarkers were strongly associated with major clinical parameters. These data indicate different metabolomic profiles in obese children with IR after weight loss intervention, providing insights into the clinical parameters and metabolite mechanisms involved in weight loss programs.
Enpp1 mutations promote upregulation of hedgehog signaling in heterotopic ossification with aging
Authors: He Zhongyuan , Zhu Zhengya , Tang Tao , Wang Fuan , Guo Peng , Li Jianfeng , Tung Nguyen Tran Canh , Liang Qian , Liu Shaoyu , Gao ManMan , Liu Xizhe , Zhou Zhiyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Heterotopic ossification of the tendon and ligament (HOTL) is a chronic progressive disease that is usually accompanied by thickening and ossification of ligaments and high osteogenic activity of the surrounding ligament tissue. However, the molecular mechanism of maintaining the cellular phenotype of HOTL remains unclear.

Materials and methods
We first constructed a model of HOTL, Enpp1flox/flox/EIIa-Cre mice, a novel genetic mouse system. Imaging, histological, and cell-level analyses were performed to investigate the progressive ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, Achilles tendons, and degeneration joints caused by Enpp1 deficiency.

Results
The results indicate that Enpp1 deficiency led to markedly progressive heterotopic ossification (HO), especially spine, and Achilles tendons, and was associated with progressive degeneration of the knees. The bone mass was decreased in the long bone. Furthermore, fibroblasts from Enpp1flox/flox/EIIa-Cre mice had greater osteogenic differentiation potential following induction by osteogenesis, accompanied by enhanced hedgehog (Hh) signaling. In addition, fibroblast cells show senescence, and aggravation of the senescence phenotype by further osteogenic induction.

Conclusion
Our study indicated that with increasing age, mutations in Enpp1 promote ectopic ossification of spinal ligaments and endochondral ossification in tendons and further aggravate knee degeneration by upregulating hedgehog signaling.
Pleural and pericardial effusions as prognostic factors in patients with acute pulmonary embolism: a multicenter study
Authors: Meyer Hans-Jonas , Ehrengut Constantin , Aghayev Anar , Hinnerichs Mattes , Schramm Dominik , Meinel Felix G. , Borggrefe Jan , Surov Alexey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The prognostic role of pleural and pericardial effusion in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is still unclear with a trend for worse clinical outcome. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the prognostic role of pleural and pericardial effusion in patients with acute PE in a large multicentre setting.

Methods
The investigated patient sampled was retrospectively comprised of 1082 patients (494 female, 45.7%) with a mean age of 63.8 years ± 15.8. In every case, contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) pulmonalis angiography was analyzed to diagnose and quantify the pleural and pericardial effusion. The 30-day mortality was the primary endpoint of this study.

Results
A total of 127 patients (11.7%) died within the 30-day observation period. Pleural effusion was identified in 438 patients (40.5%) and pericardial effusion was identified in 196 patients (18.1%). The presence of pleural effusion was associated with 30-day mortality, HR = 2.78 (95%CI1.89-4.0), p < 0.001 (univariable analysis), and HR = 2.52 (95%CI1.69-3.76), p < 0.001 (multivariable analysis). The pleural effusion width and density were not associated with 30-day mortality. The presence of pericardial effusion was not associated with 30-day mortality in multivariable analysis, HR = 1.28 (95%CI 0.80–2.03), p = 0.29.

Conclusions
Pleural effusion is a common finding in patients with acute pulmonary embolism, occurring in 40.5% of cases, and is a prognostic imaging finding associated with 30-day mortality. The presence of pleural effusion alone, regardless of volume or density, has been shown to be prognostic and should be included in CT reports. The prognostic role of pericardial effusion is limited.
The added value of the cognition, dining, gastrointestinal problems, sleep and tiredness bolt-on dimensions to the EQ-5D-5L in patients with coeliac disease
Authors: Angyal M. Mercédesz , Janssen Mathieu F. , Lakatos Péter L. , Brodszky Valentin , Rencz Fanni 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Multiple studies suggest that the EQ-5D may overestimate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with coeliac disease (CD). We aimed to develop and psychometrically test potentially relevant bolt-on dimensions to improve the measurement performance of the EQ-5D-5L in CD patients.

Methods
The development and selection of bolt-ons were informed by a literature review on HRQoL in CD, expert and patient input. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted amongst 312 adult CD patients. Respondents completed the EQ-5D-5L, two condition-specific bolt-ons newly-developed for the present study [dining (DI) and gastrointestinal problems (GI)] and three existing bolt-ons [cognition (CO), sleep (SL) and tiredness (TI)]. The following psychometric properties were tested: ceiling, informativity, convergent and known-group validity, and dimensionality (confirmatory factor analysis).

Results
Adding the TI, SL, GI, DI and CO individual bolt-ons reduced the ceiling of the EQ-5D-5L (39%) to 17%, 23%, 24%, 26% and 37%, respectively. GI excelled with strong convergent validity with the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale total score (rs=0.71) and improved the discriminatory power for all known-groups. GI was the only bolt-on loading on a different factor from the five core dimensions, whereas the other four bolt-ons loaded onto the same ‘psychosocial health’ factor as the EQ-5D-5L anxiety/depression dimension.

Conclusion
The DI, GI, SL and TI bolt-ons, especially the GI, enhance the validity of EQ-5D-5L in patients with CD, suggesting their value in capturing important HRQoL aspects potentially missed by the five core dimensions. These bolt-ons can be used in sensitivity analyses supporting health technology assessments and subsequent resource allocation decisions.
Nematicidal activity of the essential oil from Cinnamomum cassia and (E)-cinnamaldehyde against phytoparasitic nematodes
Authors: D’Addabbo T. , Laquale S. , Veronico P. , Avato P. , Argentieri M. P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe activity of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (EO) and (E)-cinnamaldehyde was investigated on the phytoparasitic species Meloidogyne incognita, Globodera rostochiensis, and Xiphinema index. Juveniles (J2) or eggs of M. incognita and G. rostochiensis and mixed-age specimens of X. index were exposed to 12.5–100 µg mL−1 concentrations of the two products. The suppressiveness of soil treatments with 100–800 mg kg−1 soil rates of the C. cassia EO and (E)-cinnamaldehyde to M. incognita and G. rostochiensis was assessed on potted tomato and potato, respectively. A 24-h exposure to a 12.5 µg mL−1 solution of (E)-cinnamaldehyde resulted in more than 68% mortality of M. incognita J2, while a poor mortality occurred at the same concentration of the whole EO. The mortality of G. rostochiensis J2 ranged 39 and 42%, respectively, since after a 4-h exposure to a 12.5 µg mL−1 solution of both products. All the X. index specimens died after a 48- and 8-h exposure to a 100 µg mL−1 solution of the EO and (E)-cinnamaldehyde, respectively. Egg hatch was reduced by more than 90% after exposing the M incognita egg masses or the G. rostochiensis cysts to 800 µg mL−1 concentration of both EO and (E)-cinnamaldehyde for 24 and 96 h, respectively. The infestation of M. incognita and G. rostochiensis on tomato and potato, respectively, was significantly reduced by all soil treatments with both products, though (E)-cinnamaldehyde generally resulted more suppressive than the whole EO to both nematode species. According to these results, C. cassia EO and (E)-cinnamaldehyde could be suggested as a potential source of new environment-friendly nematicides.
Microbial nitrogen transformations in tundra soil depend on interactive effects of seasonality and plant functional types
Authors: Koranda Marianne , Michelsen Anders 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNitrogen (N) cycling in organic tundra soil is characterised by pronounced seasonal dynamics and strong influence of the dominant plant functional types. Such patterns in soil N-cycling have mostly been investigated by the analysis of soil N-pools and net N mineralisation rates, which, however, yield little information on soil N-fluxes. In this study we investigated microbial gross N-transformations, as well as concentrations of plant available N-forms in soils under two dominant plant functional types in tundra heath, dwarf shrubs and mosses, in subarctic Northern Sweden. We collected organic soil under three dwarf shrub species of distinct growth form and three moss species in early and late growing season. Our results showed that moss sites were characterised by significantly higher microbial N-cycling rates and soil N-availability than shrub sites. Protein depolymerisation, the greatest soil N-flux, as well as gross nitrification rates generally did not vary significantly between early and late growing season, whereas gross N mineralisation rates and inorganic N availability markedly dropped in late summer at most sites. The magnitude of the seasonal changes in N-cycling, however, clearly differed among plant functional types, indicating interactive effects of seasonality and plant species on soil N-cycling. Our study highlights that the spatial variation and seasonal dynamics of microbial N transformations and soil N availability in tundra heath are intimately linked with the distinct influence of plant functional types on soil microbial activity and the plant species-specific patterns of nutrient uptake and carbon assimilation. This suggests potential strong impacts of future global change-induced shifts in plant community composition on soil N-cycling in tundra ecosystems.
Dynamics of oil slicks on wavy water surfaces
Authors: Lukyanov Alex V. , Hozan Hanan , Sialounas Georgios , Pryer Tristan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe hypothesize that the spread of oil slicks on the water’s surface during oil spills is significantly influenced by water wave motion at the initial or intermediate spreading stages, well before emulsification processes have a substantial impact on the oil film’s state. We demonstrate that the spreading dynamics of an oil slick on the water surface are facilitated by water waves, employing the thin film approximation. It is shown that water wave motion can rapidly deplete any oil slick, reducing the oil layer’s thickness to nearly zero. This mechanism may act as a precursor to emulsification processes, leading to the accelerated depletion of oil spills into a distribution of droplets that form an emulsion.
Higher education and the public good in France
Authors: Carpentier Vincent , Courtois Aline 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The article examines the relationship between higher education and the public good in France. It draws on interviews conducted with staff across four French universities as part of a larger international comparative project. We argue that the ‘Republican model’ is strongly underpinned by the notion of ‘public service’ which is itself guided by the idea of ‘general interest’. The state is understood as playing a central role in the provision of the public service of higher education, guaranteeing fundamental research is funded and that all students, including the underprivileged, are catered for. At the same time, the state drives neoliberal reforms that threaten the model itself. We examine three recent reforms: Parcoursup, Bienvenue en France and the Loi de Programmation Recherche in light of these findings.
How Phenograms and Cladograms Became Molecular Phylogenetic Trees
Authors: Kranke Nina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTree diagrams are the prevailing form of visualization in biological classification and phylogenetics. Already during the time of the so-called Systematist Wars from the mid-1960s until the 1980s most journal articles and textbooks published by systematists contained tree diagrams. Although this episode of systematics is well studied by historians and philosophers of biology, most analyses prioritize scientific theories over practices and tend to emphasize conflicting theoretical assumptions. In this article, I offer an alternative perspective by viewing the conflict through the lens of representational practices with a case study on tree diagrams that were used by numerical taxonomists (phenograms) and cladists (cladograms). I argue that the current state of molecular phylogenetics should not be interpreted as the result of a competition of views within systematics. Instead, molecular phylogenetics arose independently of systematics and elements of cladistics and phenetics were integrated into the framework of molecular phylogenetics, facilitated by the compatibility of phenetic and cladistic practices with the quantitative approach of molecular phylogenetics. My study suggests that this episode of scientific change is more complex than common narratives of battles and winners or conflicts and compromises. Today, cladograms are still used and interpreted as specific types of molecular phylogenetic trees. While phenograms and cladograms represented different forms of knowledge during the time of the Systematist Wars, today they are both used to represent evolutionary relationships. This indicates that diagrams are versatile elements of scientific practice that can change their meaning, depending on the context of use within theoretical frameworks.
I have the touch – evidence for considerable N transfer from peas to oats by rhizodeposition
Authors: Hupe Anke , Naether Franziska , Haase Thorsten , Bruns Christian , Heß Jürgen , Dyckmans Jens , Joergensen Rainer Georg , Wichern Florian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aims
The current study quantified the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) transfer from peas to oats under field conditions to assess the effects of intercropping. The data obtained were compared with previously published pot and field experiments.

Methods
Pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Santana) and oat (Avena sativa L. cv Dominik) plants were grown as intercrops for 105 days. Pea plants were labelled with a solution of 2% 13C glucose (99 atom%) and 0.5% 15N urea (95 atom%), using the cotton wick technique.

Results
Pea rhizodeposits reached 540 kg C ha−1 and 17 kg N ha−1. CdfR (C derived from rhizodeposition) and NdfR corresponded to a proportion of 18.2 and 12.7%, respectively, of total pea biomass C and N. In the intercropped oat plants, only 0.6% of the total pea CdfR amount was found, but nearly 30% of the total pea NdfR amount.

Conclusions
CdfR and NdfR as proportion of total pea biomass C and N, respectively, were 2.5 times higher in peas intercropped with oat plants than in sole-cropped pea plants, comparing the current results with those from previously published pot and field experiments. Future studies on intercropping should consider root formation and rhizodeposition more often.