bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential Intravesical Gemcitabine and Docetaxel for the Salvage Treatment of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Steinberg Ryan L. , Thomas Lewis J. , O’Donnell Michael A. , Nepple Kenneth G. 
Published: May 2015

Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the most effective intravesical therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), but patients can fail or supply shortages can develop. For BCG failures, radical cystectomy is recommended. However, in patients who desire bladder preservation or are poor surgical candidates, alternative salvage intravesical therapies should be explored. Objective: To determine whether dual sequential intravesical gemcitabine and docetaxel is effective in treating NMIBC. Methods: We evaluated our initial experience with 45 patients treated with intravesical gemcitabine and docetaxel between June 2009 and May 2014. Patients were treated with 6 weekly instillations of gemcitabine (1 gram of gemcitabine in 50 ml of sterile water) followed immediately by docetaxel (37.5 mg of docetaxel in 50 mL of saline). Treatment success was defined as no bladder cancer recurrence and no cystectomy. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed using the Kaplan Meier method. Results: Forty-five patients received treatment with a median overall follow-up of 15 months. Median follow up for treatment success was 6 months in all patients and 13 months for responders. Five patients were unable to tolerate a full induction course. Treatment success was 66% at first surveillance, 54% at 1 year, and 34% at 2 years after initiating induction. Ten patients received cystectomy (median of 5.6 months from starting induction) with no positive margins or lymph nodes on final pathology. Conclusions: Sequential dual intravesical gemcitabine and docetaxel can salvage some patients in a challenging NMIBC cohort.
Le rôle de l'usage de l'automobile dans la transformation des territoires (The role of car use in the transformation of territories)
Authors: Boulahbal Mouna 
Published: May 2015

Mobility territories are considered here as sets of visited locations associated with groups of individuals. They may have different patterns than those of the settlement territories. Among other travel modes, private car has a specific role in the making up of these territories.
In small urban areas, visited locations scatter far beyond the limits of the settlement territories. In large urban areas, daily activity locations seem to be more attracted by the centre. However, in both situations, mobility territories expand over the period 1981-1993.
This expansion seems to be a generalized phenomenon : the scattering of visited locations is not only due to the scattering of home locations, as it concerns people living in urban areas centres as well. Concerning people living in urban areas centres, national transports surveys carried out in 1981 and 1993 show that the private car is either the only mechanized travel mode actually used (as there are no efficient public transports in small urban areas), or the one which is associated with the furthest destinations. In all urban areas, car use is growing and the territory associated with car use is the largest one among the territories associates with travel modes (walking, biking, public transports) ; it is also the most enlarging one during the period 1981-1993.
La pub nous fera-t-elle perdre foi en la justice ?
Authors: Léger Jean-Marie 
Published: May 2015

L’exploitation publicitaire de représentations ou symboles religieux suscite inévitablement des polémiques, comme le montre la récente affaire Marithé et François Girbaud dont l’affiche publicitaire a été jugée comme « outrageant un thème sacré » et constitutive d’une injure aux sentiments religieux. La jurisprudence sur la question est hésitante et contradictoire. Dès lors, comment concilier liberté d’expression, respect des croyances et sécurité juridique ? Une approche méthodologique consistant à confronter les principes en présence, à l’aune notamment de la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme, apparaît nécessaire.
Les médias et la constitution d’un « monde de la gastronomie » (1870-1940)
Authors: Naulin Sidonie 
Published: May 2015

La fin du xix e siècle et l’entre-deux-guerres constituent une période structurante dans l’histoire des médias gastronomiques français. Elle voit l’institutionnalisation d’un modèle d’analyse du monde gastronomique (le guide) et d’un type de discours particulier (la chronique nostalgique nationaliste) qui imprègnent durablement l’univers gastronomique. À partir de travaux historiques et sociologiques, cet article met au jour la manière dont le discours des médias gastronomiques a contribué à la structuration d’un « monde de la gastronomie ». Au début du xx e siècle, les guides, les revues et les rubriques gastronomiques nés à la fin du siècle précédent se multiplient et gagnent en visibilité. Bien que toujours réservée à une élite, la pratique gastronomique s’étend progressivement avec le développement du tourisme. Le discours gastronomique s’oriente alors vers la valorisation des gastronomies régionales. Il est à la fois une déclinaison d’un discours politique identitaire (régionalisme culturel) et un outil de diffusion du changement au service d’intérêts politico-économiques (régionalisme économique). Les médias gastronomiques se présentent donc comme un lieu central d’articulation entre valorisation culturelle et valorisation économique.
Hand Strength, Handwriting, and Functional Skills in Children With Autism
Authors: Alaniz Michele L. , Galit Eleanor , Necesito Corina Isabel , Rosario Emily R. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. To establish hand strength development trends in children with autism and to investigate correlations between grip and pinch strength, components of handwriting, and functional activities in children with and without autism.
METHOD. Fifty-one children were divided into two groups: typically developing children and children on the autism spectrum. Each child completed testing for pinch and grip strength, handwriting legibility, pencil control, and independence in functional activities.
RESULTS. The children with autism followed the same strength development trends as the typically developing children. Grip strength correlated with pencil control in both groups and with handwriting legibility in the typically developing children but not in the children with autism. Grip and pinch strength correlated with independence with functional activities in both groups.
CONCLUSION. This study provides evidence that grip and pinch strength are important components in developing pencil control, handwriting legibility, and independence with functional fine motor tasks.
Transgenerational Trauma and Cyclical Haunting in Pat Barker’s Regeneration Trilogy
Authors: Atkinson Meera 
Published: May 2015

‘The poetics of trans-trauma’ is my abbreviation for writing that embodies the familial transgenerational transmission of trauma and its relationship to cultural and collective operations of trauma and affect. Drawing primarily on Pat Barker's Regeneration Trilogy, this essay explores the poetics of what I call ‘cyclical haunting’—a term that describes the way historic and social traumatic affect feeds into subjective and familial experience, and in turn plays out past these interpersonal realms to networks beyond: events, movements, collectives, institutions, milieus, trends, communities, politics, creeds, religions, genders, sub-cultures, nations and relations between humanity and the planet it inhabits. I argue that Barker's trilogy, though apparently conventional, if masterful, in form and language, is radical in its testimony to the complexity and of such cycles, and that as such it stands as a vital cultural analysis and political account.
What the World Needs Now is Love, Sweet Love (Punks)
Authors: Myers Debra , Palmer Dave 
Published: May 2015

This article explores the development and creative outcomes of the Yijala Yala Project. This project was created in the Pilbara region as a long-term, inter-generational, multi-platform arts project that set out to highlight cultural heritage as living, continually evolving and in the ‘here and now’ rather than something static. The project name Yijala Yala means ‘now’ in the two main regional languages of Yindjibarndi and Ngarluma. Yijala Yala works with members of the local Aboriginal community to create content that reflects cultural heritage in new ways, and is also created using new methods of teaching and skill-building.Yijala Yala has created content in the following media: films, music, recordings, photographs, books, animation and apps. A major artistic outcome of the project is the beautiful operatic, cross-cultural, multi-media performance work Hipbone Sticking Out, which has played in the Centenary of Canberra Festival and the Melbourne Festival, as well as in Roebourne and Perth.
Residue Depletion Study of Danofloxacin in Cultured Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)
Authors: Fan Yang-Chi , Sheu Shi-Yuan , Lai Hong-Thih , Chang Ming-Huang , Chen Pei-Heng , Lei Yi-Chih , Kuo Tzong-Fu , Wang Chia-Yih 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Danofloxacin is an antibacterial drug of the fluoroquinolone group developed for therapeutic purposes in veterinary medicine. The studies described here include investigations of the residues following a single dose or multiple doses of danofloxacin. Residue depletion studies were performed to determine residues in plasma and tissues of saltwater tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) after a single oral administration of danofloxacin at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight and also after daily dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for five consecutive days. Danofloxacin residues were analyzed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Following a single oral dose, danofloxacin residues in 6 h postdosing tilapia were at a maximum of 1.44, 12.48, and 13.18 μg/g in serum, liver, and kidney samples, respectively, while a peak muscle concentration of 2.15 μg/g was reached at 12 h. From single-dose data, the concentration of danofloxacin in serum, muscle, liver, and kidney samples declined with half-lives of 29, 34, 49, and 44 h, respectively. Based on the maximum residue level (MRL) of 0.1 μg/g in edible tissue for fin fish, the withdrawal times of danofloxacin in muscle were estimated to fall below the MRL after a withdrawal period of 21 days following the multiple-dose administration. These results may be helpful to regulatory agencies as they determine what tissues should be monitored to ensure that the established residue safety tolerance levels are not exceeded.
Phenylboronic Acid Solid Phase Extraction Cleanup and Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Florfenicol Amine in Fish Muscles
Authors: Sin Della Wai-Mei , Ho Clare , Wong Yiu-Tung 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Florfenicol (FFC) residues in foods are regulated as the sum of florfenicol and its metabolites measured as florfenicol amine (FFA). An isotope dilution LC-MS/MS method utilizing phenylboronic acid (PBA) SPE cleanup is established for the accurate determination of FFA in fish muscles (i.e., salmon and tilapia) after acid catalyzed hydrolysis. Comparisons of the PBA SPE cleanup procedure with other cleanup procedures such as mixed-mode cationic (MCX) SPE and solid supported liquid–liquid extraction were performed. Quantification of FFA in fish muscles was accomplished by using matrix-matched calibration with FFA-D3 as the internal standard. The method was validated with FFA fortified fish muscles at three different levels (50, 100, and 200 μg/kg). Conversion of FFC to FFA by acid catalyzed hydrolysis was evaluated and found to be ≥88%. The recoveries of FFA in fish muscles at the three fortification levels ranged from 89 to 106%, and RSDs were ≤9% in all cases. The LOD values in salmon and tilapia muscles were 0.13 and 1.64 μg/kg, respectively. The LOQ values in salmon and tilapia muscles were 0.29 and 4.13 μg/kg, respectively. This method is suitable for the application in routine control of FFC in fishes according to its residue definition.
Quantitation of Chloramphenicol and Nitrofuran Metabolites in Aquaculture Products Using Microwave-Assisted Derivatization, Automated SPE, and LC-MS/MS
Authors: Veach Brian T , Baker Chris A , Kibbey John H , Fong Andrew , Broadaway Bryanna J , Drake Connie P 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper describes a rapid and robust method utilizing microwave-assisted derivatization, automated SPE, and LC-MS/MS for the quantitation and confirmation of chloramphenicol (CAP) and nitrofuran metabolites in various aquaculture matrixes. The use of equipment presented in this work allowed extractions to be completed on average within 6 h, with quantitation accuracy ranging from 89 to 107% and RSD ≤8.3%. The demonstrated detection limits for all the nitrofuran metabolites of interest in three different matrixes were ≤0.06 ng/g, with a quantitation limit of ≤0.2 ng/g. Additionally, the method exhibited a CAP detection limit for all matrixes ≤0.01 ng/g and an LOQ of ≤0.03 ng/g.
Factors Associated with Employment Status in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Cadden Margaret , Arnett Peter 
Published: May 2015

Background: Unemployment is common in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with substantial socioeconomic burden. Several MS-related factors have been found to be associated with employment status, including fatigue, depression, cognitive problems, and motor difficulties. However, few studies have examined these factors collectively in predicting employment. The present study aimed to explore these variables together in predicting employment status in MS.
Methods: Fifty-three individuals with MS participating in a research study of cognitive, emotional, and social factors related to MS were examined. Composite scores were created using factor analysis that represented cognition, fatigue, depression, and motor function. These composite scores, along with the Expanded Disability Status Scale score, were explored as predictors of employment status (working, not working) via logistic regression. Models of mediation were also investigated.
Results: A model including composite scores of motor function, cognition, depression, and fatigue significantly distinguished those who are unemployed versus employed. However, only the cognitive, motor, and fatigue composite scores were found to be significantly associated with unemployment individually. Results of a mediation analysis using 1000 bootstrap samples indicated that the cognitive and fatigue composite scores significantly mediated the effect of disability on work status.
Conclusions: Cognitive function and fatigue mediate the effect of MS disability on employment status. Interventions targeting cognitive difficulties and fatigue in MS may be effective in helping individuals maintain employment.
Role of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in the Management of Stiff Person Syndrome
Authors: Rajaii Roxanne M. , Cox Gregory J. , Schneider Robert P. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare and disabling central nervous system disorder first described in 1956 and characterized by fluctuating rigidity and stiffness, gait impairment, and painful spasms of the axial and limb musculature. Although an underlying mechanism of impaired synaptic γ-aminobutyric acid–ergic inhibition has been proposed, the exact mechanism remains unclear. The glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, a marker for SPS, is a strong indication of disease and has been reported in approximately 70% of patients. The current treatment of choice is benzodiazepines and baclofen, both of which reduce motor unit potential firing and, therefore, decrease stiffness and spasms. However, patients continue to have substantial disability with pharmacologic therapy alone. This case report demonstrates the potential of osteopathic manipulative treatment as an adjunct to medication in the management of SPS. By decreasing somatic dysfunction and reducing the frequency of exacerbations, osteopathic manipulative treatment may alleviate the symptoms and overall morbidity associated with this disease.
Reassessing the educational environment among undergraduate students in a chiropractic training institution: A study over time
Authors: Palmgren Per J. , Sundberg Tobias , Laksov Klara Bolander 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was twofold: (1) to compare the perceived educational environment at 2 points in time and (2) to longitudinally examine potential changes in perceptions of the educational environment over time.MethodsThe validated Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM), a 50-item, self-administered Likert-type inventory, was used in this prospective study. Employing convenience sampling, undergraduate chiropractic students were investigated at 2 points in time: 2009 (n = 124) and 2012 (n = 127). An analysis of 2 matching samples was performed on 27% (n = 34) of the respondents in 2009.ResultsA total of 251 students (79%) completed the inventory, 83% (n = 124) in 2009 and 75% (n = 127) in 2012. The overall DREEM scores in both years were excellent: 156 (78%) and 153 (77%), respectively. The students' perceptions of teachers differed significantly between the 2 cohort years, decreasing from 77% to 73%. Three items received deprived scores: limited support for stressed students, authoritarian teachers, and an overemphasis on factual learning; the latter significantly decreased in 2012. In the longitudinal sample these items also displayed scores below the expected mean.ConclusionStudents viewed the educational environment as excellent both in 2009 and 2012. The perceptions of teachers declined with time; however, this could be attributed to teachers' new roles. Certain aspects of the educational environment factored prominently during the comparative points in time, as well as longitudinally, and these ought to be further investigated and addressed to provide an enhanced educational environment.
Testing the dynamic coupling of the core‐mantle and inner core boundaries
Authors: Driscoll Peter E. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe proposal that the seismically observed hemispherical asymmetry of Earth's inner core is controlled by the heat flux structure imposed on the outer core by the lower mantle is tested with numerical dynamo models driven by mixed thermochemical convection. We find that models driven by a single core‐mantle boundary (CMB) spherical harmonic of degree and mode 2, the dominant mode in lower mantle seismic shear velocity tomography, produce a similar structure at the inner core boundary (ICB) shifted 30∘ westward. The sensitivity of the ICB to the CMB is further tested by increasing the CMB heterogeneity amplitude. In addition, two seismic tomographic models are tested: first with CMB resolution up to degree and order 4, and second with resolution up to degree and order 8. We find time‐averaged ICB heat flux in these cases to be similar at large scale, with small‐scale differences due to higher CMB harmonics (above degree 4). The tomographic models produce “Earth‐like” magnetic fields, while similar models with twice the CMB heat flow amplitudes produce less Earth‐like fields, implying that increasing CMB heterogeneity forces the model out of an Earth‐like regime. The dynamic ICB heat fluxes are compared to the proposed translation mode of the inner core to test whether the CMB controls inner core growth and structure. This test indicates that, although CMB tomography is unlikely to be driving inner core translation, the ICB heat flux response is weak enough to not interfere with the most unstable translation mode, if it is occurring.
Simulated climatology and evolution of aridity in the 21st century
Authors: Lin Lei , Gettelman Andrew , Feng Song , Fu Qiang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFuture changes in aridity, defined as the ratio of annual precipitation to potential evapotranspiration (PET), are analyzed using simulations from the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Large Ensemble (LE) and the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) during the period 1980–2080. Both CESM and CMIP5 ensembles can reproduce the observed temporal and spatial variability of aridity. On the interannual time scale, annual average PET is sensitive to the variability of relative humidity, net surface energy flux, and surface air temperature, while the precipitation variability is the dominant component of annual average aridity sensitivity. For the long‐term trends, differences between the two ensembles illustrate that the impact of the internal variability is smaller than that of the model structural uncertainty with the trends from the CMIP5 ensemble of models having a much larger spread than those from the single‐model CESM‐LE. The annual mean aridity averaged over global land increases (becomes drier) by 6.4% in 2055–2080 relative to 1980–2005. Aridity trends differ by region in the ensemble mean. In the future, increasing precipitation leads to decreasing aridity over northwest China and central (or tropical) Africa, while decreasing precipitation leads to drying (increasing aridity) in the subtropics, northern and southern Africa, and the Amazon. Increases in PET can lead to increasing aridity even in regions with increasing precipitation.
Changes in the position of the Subtropical Front south of New Zealand since the last glacial period
Authors: Bostock Helen C. , Hayward Bruce W. , Neil Helen L. , Sabaa Ashwaq T. , Scott George H. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis study fills an important gap in our understanding of past changes in the Southern Subtropical Front (S‐STF) in the southwest Pacific Ocean. Paleo‐sea surface temperatures (SST) were estimated from planktic foraminiferal census counts from cores straddling the modern S‐STF in the Solander Trough, south of New Zealand. The estimated SST were compared for 6 time slices; glacial period (25–21 ka), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21–18 ka), early deglaciation (18–16 ka), late deglacial/early Holocene period (14–8 ka), mid‐Holocene period (8–4 ka), and late Holocene period (4–0 ka). The position of the S‐STF was determined by two methods: (1) the location of the 10°C isotherm and (2) the location of the highest SST gradients. These new results suggest that the S‐STF was not continuous between east and west of New Zealand during the glacial period. Steep SST gradients indicate that a strong S‐STF rapidly shifted south during the LGM and early deglaciation. During the late deglacial and Holocene periods the position of the S‐STF differs between the two methods with reduced SST gradients, suggesting a more diffuse S‐STF in the Solander Trough at this time. The glacial SST data suggest that the S‐STF shifted north to the west of New Zealand, while to the east there was a stronger SST gradient across the front. This was possibly the result of an increased wind stress curl, which could have been caused by stronger, or more northerly Southern Hemisphere westerly winds (SHWW), or a merging of the SHWW split jet in this region.